bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physicochemical Characteristics and Antimicrobial Efficacy of Soaps Prepared Using Carica papaya Extracts
Authors: Pednekar S. , Mangaonkar K.
Published: January 2023

Value-added products harnessing the phytotherapeutic potential of papaya are scarce. There is a paucity of data on the efficacy and safety of such products (if available) from papaya. Thus, the current study attempted to exemplify the utilization of papaya extracts in preparing a value-added product, namely, Toilet Soap. This study is the first of its kind in which the physicochemical characteristics and antimicrobial efficacy of the toilet soaps infused with different papaya extracts were assessed and compared against the market available soaps containing papaya fruit extract. The soap samples had pH values between 8.37 – 9.74 and their moisture content between 2.94 – 11.32 %. Their estimated lather volume ranged between 410 – 780 mL with good foaming power and foam stability. The laboratory-prepared soaps (Samples A to D) had matter insoluble slcohol and total fatty matter contents per Bureau of Indian Standards. They either did not contain or had an insignificant amount of free caustic alkali. The quantitative in vitro assessment findings showed antibacterial efficacy against Streptococcus aureus except for Sample E. The in vivo finger imprint test demonstrated the antibacterial efficacy of the soaps against E. coli and S. aureus.
Dielectric Spectroscopy of Ferroelectric Crossbred PVDF–TiO2 Polymer Composite Thin Films
Authors: Arshad A. H. , Dani S. , Kulkarni S. S. , Khadke U. V.
Published: January 2023

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ferroelectric polymer blend with titanium dioxide (TiO2) is synthesized in the form of thin films by solution casting method. The synthesized PVDF-TiO2 composite films with a different wt% of TiO2 (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10) as fillers in the PVDF matrix were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The XRD patterns of PVDF-TiO2 composite films confirmed the existence of a β-phase PVDF, uniform distribution of TiO2 particles in the polymer matrix and the crystallinity of the polymer composites was found to be enhanced. The SEM micrograph depicts the augmentation in the structural density due to the addition of TiO2 particles in the PVDF matrix. The dielectric constant of the PVDF-TiO2films is found to be an anomaly at lower frequencies and decreases with an increase in frequency agreeing with the Maxwell–Wagner type of interfacial polarization. The enhancement in the dielectric constant of PVDF-TiO2 composites at lower frequencies suggests that the prepared polymer composite thin films are useful as separator membranes in energy storage devices.
Learning Styles of Undergraduate Medical Students and their Relation with Preferred Teaching-Learning Methods
Authors: Karim Md Rezaul , Talukder Md Humayun Kabir , Mondol Rais Uddin , Ghose Rajesh Kumar , Hossain Molla Md Iftekhar
Published: January 2023

This descriptive type of cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the learning styles of undergraduate medical students and their relation with preferred teaching-learning Methods. The study period was from July 2017 to June 2018. The study was carried out among the students of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th phases of the MBBS course at three government and four nongovernment medical colleges in Bangladesh. Out of seven medical colleges, four were within Dhaka and three outside Dhaka. The sample size was 1004. Medical colleges were selected purposively, and a convenience sampling technique was adopted for data collection. Bangla translated version of Fleming's VARK (visual, auditory, read/write, and kinesthetic) questionnaire was used to identify the learning styles of students. Linear regression was used to compare the VARK learning styles scores with teaching-learning Methods. The study revealed that out of 1004 medical students 64.2% preferred multimodal learning styles, and the rest, 35.8% preferred unimodal learning styles. Among unimodal learning preferences, auditory (A) and kinesthetic (K) were the most preferred sensory modalities of learning. The most preferred teaching Methods among the students were bedside teaching (29.9%), followed by tutorials (25.9%), and practical sessions (20.6%). The most preferred learning method among the students was mixed Methods (60.3%). A positive correlation was present between VARK modes and teaching-learning Methods (P <0.05). Majority of students preferred multimodal learning styles. Students are able to learn effectively as long as the teacher provides a blend of visual, auditory, read/writing, and kinesthetic activities. The study recommended that teachers be aware of the medical students' learning styles and that aligning teaching-learning Methods with learning styles will improve their learning and academic performance.

TAJ 2022; 35: No-2: 19-26
Strategies to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance
Authors: Haque Md Azizul
Published: January 2023

Abstract not available

TAJ 2022; 35: No-2: I-II
Acute Sigmoid Volvulus: Outcome of Primary Resection & Anastomosis in a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Paul Shantona Rani , Ali Md Nowshad , Shahid SM Ahsan , Paul Subal C , Haque Md Najmul , Hossain Md Zamil
Published: January 2023

Background: Sigmoid volvulus occurs when the sigmoid colon twists on its mesentery and is a cause of intestinal obstruction.

Method: This was a descriptive study conducted at the Surgery department of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital during the period from May 2009 to June 2011. Ethical consideration was taken from all the patients. The sample size was 50 with acute sigmoid volvulus. Data were processed and analyzed through SPSS (Statistical package for social sciences). A value of p ≤0.05 was considered significant statistically.

Result: Most patients (56%) were diagnosed with acute sigmoid volvulus from the age range of 51-60, among whom male patients had a prevalence (92%). Most of them (92%) were economically impoverished. 36% of patients came to the hospital for treatment from 37-48 hours of illness. The post-operative complication was mild due to wound infection in 10% of patients. Hospital stay was 8-10 days for 76% of patients without complications postoperatively and 11-13 days for 14% of patients. Severe complication Resulting in hospital stay was seen in 4% of patients.

Conclusion: Emergency resection of the sigmoid colon and anastomosis in unprepared bowel was an attractive and preferred option in a setting where patients are poor, hospital care often unaffordable and hospital beds are few.

TAJ 2022; 35: No-2: 13-18
Risk Factors Associated with Newborn Hearing Impairment in the Neonatal ICU of a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Shameem Md , Saha Kanu Lal , Uddin Md Belal , Jahan Jesmin , Rahman Md Khalilur , Islam KM Saiful
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Hearing impairment has a devastating, detrimental, and adverse impact on the development of the newborn. Unfortunately, this hidden disability remains undetected for many newborns until it is too late to prevent undesirable and often irreversible damage. It has long been recognized that undiagnosed hearing loss, even a mild loss at birth, can negatively affect speech and language development, Resulting in poor academic achievement and social-emotional development. According to WHO 2009, newborns in the NICU are 10-20 times at higher risk of developing hearing loss. The risk factors associated with newborn hearing impairment vary from country to country and even within countries. There has been a paucity of studies on this topic from Bangladesh. This study was done to identify the risk factors associated with newborn hearing impairment in the study place.  The objective of the study: To identify risk factors associated with newborn hearing impairment in the study group.

Methodology: A prospective observational study was conducted in the department of neonatology, BSMMU. After taking consent from the parents/guardians, a thorough history of these newborns, including particulars of the neonates, family history of hearing loss, treatment history, antenatal, natal, and postnatal history, was recorded in a data collection form. Newborn admitted to the NICU during the study period was the study population. The newborn who meet the inclusion criteria was screened with Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions (TEOAE) close to discharge from the NICU or before one month of age. A second screen was done with TEOAE again after one month of 1st screen but prior to 3 months of postnatal age if referred in 1st screen. Diagnostic Auditory Brain stem Response (ABR) was made to confirm the hearing impairment, and it was done prior to 3 months of postnatal age if referred in both the 1st and 2nd screens. Data were analyzed by statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20.

Results: 426 valid recordings from 493 newborns admitted in the NICU enrolled consecutively constitute the basis of this study. 14 newborns were found to have hearing impairment among 426 newborns. APGAR ≤ 6 at 5 minutes (odds ratio 20.34, p-value 0.01), TORCH infection (odds ratio 0.64, p-value 0.01), IUGR odds ratio 8.92, p-value 0.02) were independent significant risk factors for hearing impairment.

Conclusion: APGAR ≤ 6 at 5 minutes, TORCH infection, and IUGR are independent significant risk factors for newborn hearing impairment. Newborns in NICU with these risk factors should have mandatory audiological evaluation.

TAJ 2022; 35: No-2: 59-65
Diagnosis of Enteric Fever Cases: Current Challenges of Azithromycin Resistant R717Q Gene in Rajshahi, Bangladesh
Authors: Sazzad Jarin , Alam Md Shah , Das Haimanti Shukla , Rahman Nahreen , Haque Quazi Tamanna , Rahman Kazi Mohaimenur
Published: January 2023

Salmonella enterica serovars typhi is a contributing typhoid agent, leading to untreatable infections based upon the rising prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in the said agent. Consequently, the main concern of the health service providers to treat expansively drug-resistant (XDR) enteric fever has been dependent on the only remaining oral drug, Azithromycin, for creating emerging resistance against it. Therefore, a cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in the Microbiology Department of Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi, to identify Salmonella species by Fastidious Antibiotic Neutralization (FAN) method in suspected enteric fever cases along with its antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and molecular detection of Azithromycin resistant R717Q gene. Samples were collected purposively. Regarding the population's age distribution, out of 127 specimens, the predominant 37(29.1%) were found within the age group of 35-44 years. Automated blood culture was found positive in 64(50.39%) population; out of them, Salmonella spp were 38(59.37%) of the population. Among them 29(76.31%) have travel history, took street food 25(65.7%), used tap water for drinking 21(55.2%) and had kancha latrine 24(63.1%). It was found that 18.43% were sensitive and 81.57% resistant to Azithromycin. Azithromycin-resistant Salmonella spp. were detected in 31(81.57%), and among Azithromycin resistant R717Q gene was identified in 9(29.03%). The azithromycin-resistant R717Q gene was identified by conventional PCR. Because of its oral course of administration, Azithromycin is considered the widely used drug in Bangladesh, which is used once on a dose basis a day. In order to contribute to the development of this drug resistance, there could be many reasons, and among them there are the availability over the counter and the imperfectly done treatment. Thus, this study would be helpful to formulate a regional hospital empirical therapy by antimicrobial sensitivity and resistance pattern of the gene for Azithromycin resistance in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital.

TAJ 2022; 35: No-2: 67-73
La narrativa como elemento para la generación del motivo gestor
Authors: Tirado-Lozada Angelica
Published: January 2023

Los procesos morfológicos desarrollados en las instituciones educativas de diseño han limitado los procesos creativos en los estudiantes, ya que, al seguir conceptos tradicionalistas dictados en la asignatura de Diseño Básico tridimensional, ha provocado que se estanque los métodos morfológicos propios del diseño en los estudiantes; en consecuencia, el diseño de objetos no presenta innovación alguna, y los docentes busquen métodos que ayuden a desarrollar procesos morfológicos versátiles que permitan al estudiante potenciar su capacidad de generar nuevas formas en sus productos. El objetivo de esta investigación es desarrollar un proceso morfológico que permita generar productos innovadores; se utiliza la narrativa como elemento inicial para la concepción del motivo gestor he para interpretación de nuevas formas y concluir en el diseño de un producto. El estudio permite demostrar que la utilización de la narrativa puede generar elementos significativos para la concepción de objetos.
Estrategias para la Gestión Sostenible del Turismo en la Ruta del Manglar, Ecuador
Authors: Mendoza-Mendoza Blanca , Villacreses-Viteri Juan , Vera-Vera José , Rengel-Vega Paola
Published: January 2023

Sustainable tourism has become a paradigm for the development of a community at a global scale. For this reason, the objective of this work was to build strategies for the sustainable management of tourism activities in the Manglar Route located in the Costa Rica community in Ecuador. First, a diagnosis was carried out to analyze the current situation of the tourist area, which implied the three dimensions of sustainability (economic, social and environmental). Second, tourists’ expectations were analyzed to design strategies adapted to the tourists’ expectations. The strategies were defined under the principles of sustainability; for that, participatory techniques were implemented by the active participation of the community. Nine strategies were established which are mainly based on improving tourism activity; the quality of service; training the population in tourism and environmental issues through articulated work between institutions. The strategies proposed contain nineteen projects to respond to the problems and needs of the area. The implications of this study demonstrated the importance of sustainable strategies for the tourism development of the Manglar Route.
La evaluación digital educativa en los procesos de aprendizaje: estudio de caso de la unidad educativa Juan Antonio Vergara Alcívar
Authors: Demera-Zambrano Kleyner , López-Vera Liseth , Zambrano-Ormaza Denny , Nevárez-Zambrano Yilainy , Moreira-Chavesta Kenia
Published: January 2023

La actual sociedad del conocimiento está rodeada de entornos digitales que exigen habilidades específicas para desenvolverse en ellos. Todo esto conlleva a una evolución digital, a un cambio que se desarrolla de manera continua en diferentes ritmos, contextos y ámbitos. Siendo la parte educativa, una de las más afectadas por estas transformaciones, que en muchos casos supone una problemática para docentes y estudiantes que poseen pocas o nulas competencias digitales.  Por esta razón, este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar la evaluación digital en los procesos de aprendizaje de la Unidad Educativa Juan Antonio Vergara Alcívar. En este estudio se utilizó la investigación bibliográfica de tipo descriptiva, con un enfoque cuali-cuantitativo. Se aplicó los métodos analítico-sintético e inductivo-deductivo y método estadístico. Como instrumento de recolección de datos se aplicó una encuesta con preguntas de opción múltiple a una muestra de 30 docentes. Los resultados obtenidos concluyen que los docentes aplican la evaluación digital en el proceso de aprendizaje, obteniendo múltiples beneficios para mejorar la calidad de la educación, sin embargo; el porcentaje de su uso sigue siendo bajo, limitando así el desarrollo de habilidades y destrezas digitales en los alumnos. Por ende, es necesario que los docentes se capaciten temas de avaluación digital para dinamizar los procesos de adquisición de conocimientos.
Planificación participativa en Chone, efectos en el desarrollo integral del cantón
Authors: García-Vera María , Intriago-Cusme Nancy , Torres-Fuentes Carlos
Published: January 2023

La planificación participativa, constitucionalmente establecida en el Ecuador, para gestionar el desarrollo local desde la participación activa del ciudadano, es la clave para fortalecer las competencias especialmente de los gobiernos autónomos descentralizados, y es una oportunidad de fomentar el empoderamiento ciudadano y la conciencia de sus propias necesidades y las posibles soluciones de las mismas, integrándose a la toma de decisiones de los gobiernos locales. La presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar el desarrollo de la planificación participativa y sus efectos en el desarrollo integral del cantón Chone, con un enfoque cuantitativo y cualitativo-descriptivo, a través del análisis documental y de campo de las variables de estudio y el contraste de los resultados con la ejecución presupuestaria del Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado Municipal de Chone. Se concluye que, en el Plan Orgánico de Desarrollo Territorial la participación ciudadana con la representatividad de los barrios y comunidades de Chone, no fue la adecuada, los proyectos y programas planificados fueron sobrestimados con respecto a la realidad económica de la institución, que una vez evaluados no reflejan avances significativos a nivel general, lo que incidió finalmente en el desarrollo local con la participación de la comunidad.
Estrategias que influencian en el comportamiento del consumidor en tiempos de pandemia en las empresas del sector comercial
Authors: Ramirez-Guevara Christian , Oyaque-Mora Silvia
Published: January 2023

Las empresas del sector comercial de la ciudad de Ambato, Ecuador por efectos de la pandemia se vieron afectadas en términos de comercialización, económicos, productivos, entre otros. No obstante, las empresas optaron por diseñar diferentes estrategias para superar dicha situación precaria. El objetivo de la presente investigación consiste en determinar las estrategias que influyeron en el comportamiento del consumidor que aplicaron las empresas del sector comercial en tiempos de pandemia. El abordaje metodológico obedece a una investigación de tipo exploratoria, descriptiva y no experimental y con enfoque cuantitativo, con la recolección de datos numéricos y estadísticos, que fueron recopilados e interpretados en base a los criterios de 25 Pymes comerciales de la ciudad de Ambato. Los principales resultados demuestran que las empresas comerciales aplicaron estrategias de evolución y se identificó que la motivación intrínseca, personalidad y percepción como los principales factores de incidencia en el cambio del comportamiento del consumidor.
Usability Evaluation of Facebook and Instagram by Visually Impaired People
Authors: Sajid Amna , Ullah Muhammad Zafar , Shahzad Basit , Adeel Aaqib , Ahmad Naveed
Published: January 2023

Introduction/Importance of Study: Social networking websites have become the main medium for communication, information sharing, entertainment, buying/selling, and various other purposes. People of every age use social networking websites, and their usage is increasing daily, especially in current circumstances. People with different abilities also used social networking websites, but each set of users had their requirements forusing these websites. Visually impaired people use computers and the web with the help of screen reading tools e. g.; jaws, NVDA. Screen reading tools read a web page sequentially, which wastime-consuming. The major problem with screen reading tools came while reading visual content. Screen reading tools only read the alternate texts of non-visual contents behind their tag. This research focuses on the usability Usability of social networking websitesfor visually impaired people. Two of the most commonly used social networking websites, Facebook and Instagram, were selected for the usability evaluation. Accessibility, efficiency, and effectiveness were the metrics of Usability, which were evaluated in this study.
Novelty statement: A consolidated set of guidelines specific to social networking websites were presented in which some new guidelines were also proposed for Facebook. A mock interface was developed based on the proposed guidelines for Facebook.
Material and Method: For the evaluation of Usability, a controlled experiment was conducted with 28 visually impaired people in which 16 participants evaluated Facebook and 12 evaluated Instagram to find the usability problems faced by visually impaired people.
Result and Discussion: Results show that Instagram was as easy to use asFacebook when used by visually impaired people with the help of screen reading tools.
Concluding Remarks: This research evaluated the Usability of social networking websites Facebook and Instagram by visually impaired people. A controlled experiment was conducted for their evaluation. Results showed that Facebook was difficult to use as Instagram. Thus, new guidelines were proposed for Facebook and based on the guidelines, a prototype was proposed.
INDONESIAN DIPLOMACY OF SOUTH-SOUTH COOPERATION TO ACHIEVE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS 2030
Authors: Hutabarat Leonard
Published: January 2023

South-South Cooperation has played an important role in encouraging development in various countries through strategic programs, such as training, sending experts, providing grants, scholarships, infrastructure, as well as empowering women. Indonesia as one of the countries that plays an active role as a donor country is expected to increase its role in strengthening Indonesia's position as a new emerging donor so that it can improve Indonesia's image in international forums. Diplomacy carried out by Indonesia is part of a constructivism approach in the study of international relations related to the formation of perceptions and values that Indonesia will share with its cooperation partners. South-South Cooperation is not only part of Indonesia's national priority in The National Medium-Term Development Plan 2020-2024, but also provides benefits as a bridge between the needs of beneficiaries and Indonesia's interests, improves Indonesia's positive image in the region and globally, and is part of Indonesia's economic diplomacy. In the recovery after the COVID-19 pandemic, South-South Cooperation is expected to be a part of development cooperation form that can be one of the instruments for restoring  conditions and building back better in achieving the goals of Sustainable Development Goals 2030.

Keywords: Diplomacy, Indonesia, South-South Cooperation, Sustainable Development Goals 2030
Rho-Kinase Inhibition Ameliorates Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Type 2 Diabetic Rats
Authors: ELKATTAWY H , MAHMOUD ABDELMONEM ELSHERBINI D , ALI EBRAHIM H , ABDULLAH D , AL-ZAHABY S , NOSERY Y , EL-SAYED HASSAN A
Published: January 2023

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity, and insulin resistance. The Rho/ROCK pathway had been involved in the pathophysiology of diabetic complications. This study was designed to assess the possible protective impacts of the Rho/Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase (Rho/ROCK) inhibitor fasudil against NAFLD in T2DM rats trying to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Animals were assigned into control rats, non-treated diabetic rats with NAFLD, and diabetic rats with NAFLD that received fasudil treatment (10 mg/kg per day) for 6 weeks. The anthropometric measures and biochemical analyses were performed to assess metabolic and liver function changes. The inflammatory and oxidative stress markers and the histopathology of rat liver tissues were also investigated. Groups with T2DM showed increased body weight, serum glucose, and insulin resistance. They exhibited disturbed lipid profile, enhancement of inflammatory cytokines, and deterioration of liver function. Fasudil administration reduced body weight, insulin resistance, and raised liver enzymes. It improved the disturbed lipid profile and attenuated liver inflammation. Moreover, it slowed down the progression of high fat diet (HFD)-induced liver injury and reduced the caspase-3 expression. The present study demonstrated beneficial amelioration effect of fasudil on NAFLD in T2DM. The mechanisms underlying these impacts are improving dyslipidemia, attenuating oxidative stress, downregulated inflammation, improving mitochondrial architecture, and inhibiting apoptosis.
Pet dokumenata iz osmanskog arhiva u Istanbulu o bosanskom jeziku izvan Bosne u XIX stoljeću
Authors: Lila Amina
Published: January 2023

Due to its colossal capacity and significant historical value, the Ottoman Archive in Istanbul is one of the greatest legacies of the Ottoman Empire to the modern Republic of Turkey. Its importance is not only crucial for the research and study of Turkish national history, but also for the history of countries that were part of the Ottoman Empire for a certain period. Since it is a state archive, its records mainly refer to the bureaucratic mechanism and contain basic information on all individuals within the state structure, including sultans, the grand vizirs and ordinary scribes respectfully, depending on their role in solving current issues. Thanks to the rich descriptive character of the documents, it is easy to find out details about the nature of socio-cultural events. The same goes for the topic of the Bosnian language, which is mentioned, directly and indirectly, in numerous letters written and addressed to various ministries, government and private individuals. Many documents bear witness to the usage of the Bosnian language in Bosnia and Herzegovina, yet this paper is thematically limited to those recorded in various places outside the borders of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the 19th century. This work includes documents from Belgrade (Serbia), Kumanovo (North Macedonia), Taslidža/ Pljevlja (Montenegro), Mitrovica (Kosovo) and Istanbul (Turkey), historically known as the municipalities in the Vilayat of Bosnia, Istanbul and Kosovo, as well as The Principality of Serbia.
Smells Like Simile: Olfactory Expressions and their Figurative Potential in the Bosnian Language
Authors: Maslo Adi
Published: January 2023

This paper analyzes expressions that use the olfactory domain as a figurative source in the Bosnian language. Authentic texts retrieved from the Sketch Engine web application were used as the corpus for the study. The web corpus includes blogs, news portals, and other web pages that use olfactory expressions either in the main text or in the respective comment sections. Two basic smell expressions were found to have the greatest figurative potential and therefore examined in this study. The results of the two basic smell expressions indicate that they are mainly used figuratively with simile being the main focus. Another finding is that olfactory expressions are used for anticipatory purposes.
Homonimnost i sinonimnost u bosanskohercegovačkoj ojkonimiji
Authors: Šabić Indira
Published: January 2023

This paper deals with the place names of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In the first part the autor analyse homonyms in Bosnian oikonymy. The paper highlights 360 oikonyms that have two or more occurrences in different localities, and highlights the problems it causes in communication and orientation. In the second part points to the problem of synonymy – to the fact that there are several names for the same ojkonym in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which is a consequence of renaming in its oikonymy. The third part of the paper consists the analysis of reasons and types of renaming. Contextually, paper emphasizes the need for a contemporary monographic presentation of place names in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Називите на страницата во македонските говори
Authors: Drvošanov Vasil
Published: January 2023

Based on the corpus of dialects used from the card-index of the “Macedonian Dialects Atlas” Project of the Krste Misirkov Macedonian Language Institute and following the methodology of areal linguistics, the author of this article discusses the words for ‘stranicata, the wooden board that makes the sides of the cart’ in the Macedonian dialects. He observes that various cultures have met on the Macedonian language territory, which has become evident in the naming of the object under study from the thematic area of transport and communication. The author presents the distribution of many lexemes and their varieties on the whole Macedonian dialect area. He provides the etymology of each lexeme and double-checks their frequency and their meaning in the works of Macedonian lexicography. The richness of Macedonian inherited words and borrowings used to name “stranicata” indicates that the Macedonian language territory has long been at the crossroads of various cultures and languages. The borrowings in vernacular varieties reveal the roads that have linked the Macedonian people with other peoples throughout history. The author concludes that some Macedonian inherited words have been standardised in the Macedonian language to refer to the ‘the wooden board that makes the sides of the cart’, stranica and ražnište, but most of them and the domesticated borrowings have been standardised with other meanings, whereas some dialectal words meaning ‘stranica’ have remained to bear witness to the fact that Macedonian dialects are an endless source of enrichment of the Macedonian standard language with new words.
Writing apprehension and writing skills on English department students: A correlational design
Authors: Sakkir Geminastiti , Suardi Nurul Fadhilah , Dollah Syarifuddin , Ahmad Jamaluddin
Published: January 2023

By two different types of instruments—a questionnaire to determine students' writing apprehension and a writing test using descriptive texts to decide students' writing skills—this study investigated the correlation between writing apprehension and students' writing skills. This study used quantitative correlational research, and the English department served as the study's target population. Additionally, the researchers employed cluster sampling and correlational design, which can choose a representative sample and represent the population. To conduct the analysis, the researchers chose one class as a sample, and thirty-five students from the third semester were chosen as the sample. According to the researchers, writing apprehension and students' writing skills were shown to be negatively correlated, who concluded that the correlation between the two was r = -0.642. The inverse correlation indicates that students did not perform as good as on writing tests the more frequently they worry about writing. Additionally, it can be inferred that there is a strong correlation between students' writing skills and their level of writing apprehension.
BOARD GAME ON IPA LEARNING: DEVELOPMENT OF MEDIA FOR SUBSTANCE PRESSURE MATERIALS
Authors: Ela Nur Izza  , Nur Hayati
Published: January 2023

Tujuan umum penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan media Board Game. Tujuan khusus penelitian ini adalah menjelaskan proses pengembangan media Board Game dan menjelaskan hasil pengembangan media Board Game berdasarkan validitas. Model pengembangan yang digunakan untuk mengembangkan media Board Game diadaptasi dari model pengembangan ADDIE yang terbatas pada tahap Analyze, Design, Development, dan Evaluation. Lembar validasi media Board Game merupakan lembar yang diterapkan pada instrumen pengembangan media Board Game. Penelitian ini menciptakan produk berupa media Board Game pada materi Tekanan Zat yang mendapat saran dan masukan dari dosen pembimbing dan validator ahli media, ahli materi dan guru IPA. Hasil penilaian validasi media Board Game pada materi Tekanan Zat yang dikembangkan mendapat skor rata-rata 3,52 dengan kategori sangat valid. Kesimpulannya media Board Game valid digunakan dalam pembelajaran IPA materi Tekanan Zat kelas VIII tingkat SMP.
DEVELOPMENT OF POGIL-BASED WORKSHEETS ON HEAT MATERIAL AND ITS TRANSFER AT AN-NAJA MIDDLE SCHOOL
Authors: Nugraha Rifa , Wahyu Wijayadi Andri
Published: January 2023

Science learning will feel more fun if the learning is done actively, not just lectures. Therefore, learning can be done with practicum so that students are more active. Practicum can be done with one of the components of the learning instrument in the form of student worksheets. Based on curriculum demands that incline students to be more active, they can use the POGIL learning model. The purpose of this development is to develop POGIL-based student worksheets. The development model taken is ADDIE development. This study only reached 4 stages, including analyze, design, development, and evaluation. The results obtained were that the process of developing student worksheets only reached 4 stages. including the analyze, design, development, and evaluation stages. The results of the validation of the student worksheets assessed by 3 validators got a score of 74.3% in the "Valid" category. Research on the development of POGIL-based student worksheets that has been carried out on heat material and its transfer at SMP An-NAja Boarding School. Development research using the ADDIE development method. The development only reached 4 stages with a validation result of 74.3% in the "Valid" category. This shows that the student worksheets that have been developed are suitable for use in learning.
DEVELOPMENT OF ANDROID-BASED LEARNING MEDIA FOR CLASS XI IPA MAN 4 BANJAR COLOID SYSTEM MATERIALS
Authors: Amaliah Nor , Kartika Irawati Ratna , Haitami Iqbal
Published: January 2023

This study aims to determine the validity of the development of android-based learning media on colloid system material for Class XI IPA MAN 4 Banjar, and to determine student responses to the development of android-based learning media on colloid system material for Class XI IPA MAN 4 Banjar. The type of research used in this research is Research and Development (R & D). The development model used in this study is the ADDIE model, namely the research stages of Analysis, Design, Development and Product Manufacturing, Implementation, and Evaluation. However, in this study the evaluation stage was not carried out. The subjects of this study were students of Class XI Science at MAN 4 Banjar in the 2021/2022 academic year. The learning media developed were based on the results of the assessment of media experts, material experts, subject teachers and students' responses to the development of android-based learning media. The results of this study show the following: the validity level of android-based learning media products on colloidal system material gets a validity level percentage of 79% with a valid category, media experts' assessments get a validity level percentage of 95% with a very valid category, assessment from subject teachers Chemistry class XI MAN 4 Banjar gets a percentage of 85% in the valid category, and students' responses to Android-based learning media for field trials get an assessment percentage of 89% in the very practical category.
MORE THAN MEETS THE ITT: HOW TO GET THE MOST OUT OF (APPARENTLY) FAILED EXPERIMENTS
Authors: Kane John V.
Published: January 2023

For a variety of reasons, experiments can yield non-significant and/or substantively weak intention-to-treat (ITT) effects. Such results can often be disappointing for researchers. In contrast to the extant literature on field experiments, there exists little explicit guidance on how researchers can more rigorously investigate weak ITT estimates in survey-based experiments. This essay highlights seven “pitfalls” that can lead survey experiments to yield null findings. While some of these pitfalls may be relatively familiar to researchers doing survey-experimental work, two such “pitfalls”—(1) respondent inattentiveness, and (2) failed manipulation of the independent variable—have only recently received substantial scholarly focus. This essay documents each pitfall and draws upon recent research to show how various “checks” or other techniques can be employed to detect and address them. Researchers are provided with specific strategies, and a checklist, for troubleshooting, diagnosing, and more thoroughly investigating their survey-experimental data before concluding that an experiment has “failed”.
Profile of aeroallergen sensitizations in allergic patients living in southern Vietnam
Authors: Trinh Tu HK , Nguyen Phuong TM , Tran Tai T , Pawankar Ruby , Pham Duy L
Published: January 2023

Background

Climatic and geographical characteristics may alter the plant distribution and thereby the patterns of allergens.

Objective

To evaluate the profile of allergen sensitization in patients in southern Vietnam and its association with allergic diseases.

Methods

We collected data of 423 patients who visited the Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center, Vietnam from 2014 to 2021, from their medical records. Patients underwent skin prick tests to the 12 most common aeroallergens. Clinical evaluation and diagnosis of allergic diseases was done in consert with their allergen sensitization status.

Results

Mites and cockroach were the most prevalent sensitizing allergens, with the sensitization prevalences as followed: Dermatophagoides farinae (Df) (59.8%), Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp) (50.4%), Blomica tropicalis (Bt) (49.6%), storage mites mix (10.4%), and cockroach (10.2%). Sensitization to Df was more predominant in males than in females (66% vs 54.1%). Dp-sensitized patients were younger than non-sensitized patients (29.01 ± 13.60 vs. 32.17 ± 14.89) whereas storage mites-sensitized patients were older than the non-sensitized groups (36.25 ± 13.53 vs. 28.76 ± 13.39) (p < 0.05 for all). A considerable proportion of patients with urticaria, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis were sensitized to mites. Polysensitization to different species of house dust mites (Dp, Df) and storage mites (Bt) was prevalent among patients sensitized to any kind of mites.

Conclusions

Among people living in southern Vietnam, HDM mites, and cockroach were the predominant allergens. Further studies on the factors regulating the association between allergen sensitization with allergic diseases and polysensitization are crucial.
Study on optimization of pouring time for late poured band
Authors: Xie Liang , Tang Bin , Liu Shaoqing , Gong Yanxia , Cheng Xunchao
Published: January 2023

The setting of the late poured band is an effective measure to control the differential settlement and the stress concentration of the foundation. However, the lag of the pouring time of the late poured band will also bring adverse effects to the construction process. Taking a large commercial complex as an example, Midas GTS NX finite element software is used for the overall foundation modeling, and the collaborative calculation of settlement is carried out by adjusting the composite foundation scheme. The calculation results of conventional codes are compared and analyzed, and the scheme is verified and optimized. Then, the variation value of differential settlement on both sides of the late poured band with loading is studied by simulating the graded loading of each area in the whole process of construction. By comparing the variation value of differential settlement and the calculation value of differential deformation that the stiffness of the late poured band can resist and the limit value of codes, the time node of late poured band pouring in advance can be obtained, and finally the influence of early pouring of the late poured band on the collaborative settlement of the foundation is verified and calculated. The results show that: the settlement calculation of finite element analysis is generally smaller than that of standard calculation; The settlement at the edge of the raft is small, and the settlement at the center of the raft and the places with large load is large; Considering the interaction of the whole raft and subgrade under the raft, this method can verify and optimize the design scheme of composite foundation and save the pouring time of the late poured band. The experience and achievements so made can be used as a reference for similar projects.
Improving quality of leisure environment considering youth preferences in Mashhad, Iran
Authors: Hasanpour Sahar , Khakzand Mehdi , Faizi Mohsen
Published: January 2023

With the industrialization of societies, urban planners are more concerned with the significance of leisure time since it affects individuals’ mental state and wellbeing. Considering the importance of visual quality, this study examined young adults in the Torghabe and Mellat park of the Mashhad to improve the quality of the leisure environment by detecting youth preferences for natural and man-made variables. Accordingly, the classic Delphi method was used to detect research variables. The most common preference priorities were extracted by photo surveys, simulation of the study environment, and conjoint analysis with the full design approach to calculate the relative importance and Part-Worths, or utility values of these variables, according to the results, among the considered attributes, “shape” (32.61%) and “ solid/void patterns” (5.96%) were of the most and the least significance in the youth preferences for leisure spaces combining natural and shopping environment.
Emerging superelastic SMA core damping elements for seismic application
Authors: Fang Cheng , Yam Michael CH
Published: January 2023

Structural and non-structural damage reported after recent strong earthquakes promotes a fundamental shift in structural design target from “collapse resistance” to “fast structural function recovery”. A unique class of metal called superelastic shape memory alloy (SMA) has been emerging as a promising solution to enhance the seismic resilience of structures. SMA core damping elements are the basic constituents of many newly-proposed seismic resistant members or devices, and they are directly responsible for the safety, integrity, and economical efficiency of the structures using them. This mini-review paper offers a comprehensive summary of the emerging SMA core damping elements recently developed, covering SMA monofilament wires, fibers, bars, flat plates, U-shaped plates, angles, cables, rings, helical springs, disc springs, and friction springs. These SMA core elements are suitable for various seismic application scenarios, and their efficiency have been verified through either full-scale or proof-of-concept experimental studies. The basic working principles, advantages, and potential shortcomings of these elements are discussed, and future research needs are outlined.
Tumor resident microbiota and response to therapies: An insight on tissue bacterial microbiota
Authors: Pirini Francesca , Cortesi Michela , Tumedei Maria Maddalena , Zanoni Michele , Ravaioli Sara , Bravaccini Sara
Published: January 2023

The role of the intestinal microbiota in the promotion, progression, and response to therapies is gaining importance, but recent studies confirm the presence of microbiota also in the tumor, thus becoming a component of the tumor microenvironment. There is not much knowledge on the characteristics and mechanisms of action of the tumor resident microbiota, but there are already indications of its involvement in conditioning the response to therapies. In this review, we discuss recent publications on the interaction between microbiota and anticancer treatments, mechanisms of resistance and possible strategies for manipulating the microbiota that could improve treatments in a personalized medicine perspective.
Ferroptosis: Mechanism and connections with cutaneous diseases
Authors: Liu Lihao , Lian Ni , Shi Liqing , Hao Zhimin , Chen Kun
Published: January 2023

Ferroptosis is a recognized novel form of programmed cell death pathway, featuring abnormalities in iron metabolism, SystemXc−/glutathione axis, and lipid peroxidation regulation. A variety of ferroptosis inducers can influence glutathione peroxidase directly or indirectly via diverse pathways, leading to decreased antioxidant capacity, accumulated cellular lipid peroxides, and finally inducing ferroptosis. To date, mounting studies confirm the association of ferroptosis with various cutaneous diseases, including skin homeostasis, neoplastic diseases, infectious diseases, genetic skin disease, inflammatory skin diseases, and autoimmune diseases. There are shared characteristics regarding ferroptosis and various cutaneous diseases in terms of pathophysiological mechanisms, such as oxidative stress associated with iron metabolism disorder and accumulated lipid peroxides. Therefore, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the mechanisms involved in the regulation of ferroptosis for further discussion of its role in the pathogenesis and prognosis of skin diseases. Gaining insight into the underlying mechanisms of ferroptosis and the associated dermatological disorders could illuminate the pathogenesis and treatments of different cutaneous diseases.
Synthesis and characterization of an Fe-MOF@Fe3O4 nanocatalyst and its application as an organic nanocatalyst for one-pot synthesis of dihydropyrano[2,3-c]chromenes
Authors: Sheikhhosseini Enayatollah , Yahyazadehfar Mahdieh
Published: January 2023

In this study, the recyclable heterogeneous cluster bud Fe-MOF@Fe3O4 ‘nanoflower’ composite (CB Fe-MOF@Fe3O4 NFC) was successfully synthesized using Fe(NO3)3·9H2O, 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate monohydrate, and Fe3O4 nanoparticles by microwave irradiation. The as-prepared CB Fe-MOF@Fe3O4 NFC was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), vibrational sampling magnetometry (VSM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The CB Fe-MOF@Fe3O4 NFC samples proved to have excellent catalytic activity. The activity of the CB Fe-MOF@Fe3O4 NFC nanocatalyst was explored in the synthesis of dihydropyrano[3, 2-c]chromene derivatives via a three-component reaction of 4-hydroxycoumarin, malononitrile, and a wide range of aromatic aldehyde compounds. Optimized reaction conditions had several advantages, including the use of water as a green solvent, environmental compatibility, simple work-up, reusability of the catalyst, low catalyst loading, faster reaction time, and higher yields.
Recent advances in immunoassay technologies for the detection of human coronavirus infections
Authors: Wang Danqi , Chen Yuejun , Xiang Shan , Hu Huiting , Zhan Yujuan , Yu Ying , Zhang Jingwen , Wu Pian , Liu Fei yue , Kai Tianhan , Ding Ping
Published: January 2023

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the seventh coronavirus (CoV) that has spread in humans and has become a global pandemic since late 2019. Efficient and accurate laboratory diagnostic methods are one of the crucial means to control the development of the current pandemic and to prevent potential future outbreaks. Although real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) is the preferred laboratory method recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for diagnosing and screening SARS-CoV-2 infection, the versatile immunoassays still play an important role for pandemic control. They can be used not only as supplemental tools to identify cases missed by rRT-PCR, but also for first-line screening tests in areas with limited medical resources. Moreover, they are also indispensable tools for retrospective epidemiological surveys and the evaluation of the effectiveness of vaccination. In this review, we summarize the mainstream immunoassay methods for human coronaviruses (HCoVs) and address their benefits, limitations, and applications. Then, technical strategies based on bioinformatics and advanced biosensors were proposed to improve the performance of these methods. Finally, future suggestions and possibilities that can lead to higher sensitivity and specificity are provided for further research.