bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Environmental-Based Indonesian Teaching Materials
Authors: Margiani
Published: June 2021

Industrial Revolution Era 4.0. have a complex and comprehensive impact on human life. Including in the realm of education. This era allows for disruption in many fields, without exception also occurring in the field of education. This has implications for the emergence of various challenges in learning. Furthermore. Teachers are required to be able to provide the skills needed by their students. Therefore, it takes a teacher who has high motivation to continue learning to improve his quality by learning new knowledge and knowledge, is open to new things, adaptive to change, responds responsively and quickly to new information and is accommodating to student needs. , and creative in developing learning media and teaching materials.
Sistem ekonomi kapitalisme dan sosialisme
Authors: Musdalifah
Published: June 2021

Artikel ini membahas tentang Sistem ekonomi kapitalisme dan sosialisme
A new approach towards solving the Riemann hypothesis
Authors: Haque Al-Mouid Mohammed Hasibul
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we create a new approach, using elementary techniques from complex analysis, by which we attempt to prove the Riemann hypothesis. We modify the gamma function and use that modified form to reformulate the Riemann xi function. Then using some formulas that are similar to the Jacobi theta identity and analytic function manipulation techniques from complex analysis, we show that all the non-trivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function must lie on the critical line. Then by recalling Hardy's theorem we attempt to prove that the Riemann hypothesis is true.
Phát triển khoa học và công nghệ: Đâu là con đường cho Việt Nam?
Authors: Lab SDAG
Published: June 2021

Nhìn từ số lượng công bố khoa học trên các tạp chí uy tín trên thế giới có thể thấy, một vài năm trở lại đây, Việt Nam dần khẳng định vị thế của mình trên bản đồ khoa học trong khu vực. Đây là một tín hiệu đáng mừng, song thực tế, khoảng cách giữa Việt Nam và các quốc gia thuộc TOP đầu trên thế giới còn khá lớn. Bài viết đặt Việt Nam trong mối so sánh tương quan với quốc tế để tìm hiểu lý do và kiến nghị giải pháp, con đường thúc đẩy phát triển khoa học và công nghệ tại Việt Nam.
LITERASI BACA TULIS DAN KAITANNYA DENGAN PENGEMBANGAN MATERI AJAR BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Kartika Putri
Published: June 2021

Literasi baca dan tulis adalah pengetahuan dan kecakapan untuk membaca, menulis, mencari, menelusuri, mengolah, dan memahami informasi untuk menganalisis, menanggapi, dan menggunakan teks tertulis untuk mencapai tujuan mengembangkan pemahaman dan potensi. Membaca dan menulis sangat berarti dalam ilmu dan pengetahuan, terlebih lagi perkembangan zaman memiliki tantangan, persaingan, dan pergerakan teknologi yang pesat hal ini sangat mempengaruhi dunia pendidikan.
Converting POMDPs into MDPs using History Representation
Authors: Nguyen Khanh Xuan
Published: June 2021

Defining utility functions like the V and Q functions is essential for developing reinforcement learning (RL) solutions for POMDPs. Ideally, we want to define these functions over histories of observations and actions, which the agent can observe. However, the number of possible histories grows exponentially with the trajectory length, making it impractical to reliably estimate history-based utility functions. A common solution is to construct a compact representation of the history. Recently, with the resurgence of deep learning, researchers use recurrent neural networks to learn low-dimensional history representations. Conversion from POMDPs to MDPs using history representation appears to be so effective and seamless that it is common to see a theory-practice gap in deep RL papers, where an algorithm is theoretically formulated in an MDP setting but is empirically evaluated on POMDP tasks without any justifications on why it would work in the latter setting. Thisdocument provides a justification for the conversion from POMDPs to MDPs using history representation.
Efficient Crash Structure Design for Road Traffic Accidents of Tomorrow
Authors: Christensen Jesper
Published: June 2021

This is a comprehensive study exploring a number of innovativeapproaches to efficient crash structure design for automotive applications.The study is completed using a novel reduced order modelling approachenabling a detailed investigation that is not computationally prohibitive. The study includes a number of innovative designs with significant potential for dramatically increasing specific energy absorbance, but also highlights that some of these are more prone to a number of problematic aspects relating to real world implementation.
Predicting Effectiveness of Drug from Patient’s Review
Authors: Das Shuvendu , DEB KOUSHIK
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we have made multiple reviews and finally made a comparative studyof machine learning and deep learning to predict the effectiveness of drugs. Wehave used both approaches and found that deep learning approaches are providingbetter results than machine learning approaches. We have made two types ofclassifications (good and bad) and got an efficiency rate with the help of aconfusion matrix of more than 80% in the case of deep learning and less than 80%in the case of machine learning approaches.
Simulating drone and bodily gestures: a behavioral study
Authors: Kolesnikov Anna , MONTALTI Martina , Calbi Marta , Langiulli Nunzio , Guerra Michele , Gallese Vittorio , Umilta' Maria Alessandra
Published: June 2021

According to embodied simulation theory, humans tacitly ‘simulate’ the actions of the other by mapping them in the sensorimotor cortex of the brain. According to the framework of embodied cinema, the meaning-making process in film is considered to be inextricably linked to the interrelation between the brain, body and environment of the viewer. Athough there are a growing number of theoretical and technological studies on the embodied nature of drone flight, to date no studies have investigated the effect of drone footage with and without human bodily movement on spectators’ cognitive behavioral mechanisms. Thus, the present study investigates the relationship between Drone Movement (Ascending, Descending, Still) , Actor Presence (Female, Male, None) and Image Speed (Normal, Slow, Very Slow) on perceived motion, appeal and involvement measures. To achieve these aims, a custom-made, naturalistic set of video stimuli modeled after the staircase scene in the Soviet film The Cranes Are Flying (Kalatozov, 1957) was created using a DJI Phantom Pro 4 Drone. In the experimental task (carried out at the computer), participants were asked to rate video stimuli using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) ranging from 0 to 100 for perceived Duration, Liking, Movement, and Emotional and Physical Involvement. Results demonstrate that: 1) Ascending and Descending had significantly higher ratings for perceived Duration, Movement and Physical and Emotional Involvement than Still; 2) Ascending had significantly higher ratings for perceived Duration, Movement and Emotional Involvement than Descending; 3) Female and Male had significantly higher ratings for Movement, Physical Involvement and Emotional Involvement than None (No Actor); 4) Normal Image Speed had significantly higher ratings for Movement, Physical Involvement and Emotional Involvement with respect to Slow and Very Slow. Results indicate that drone/actor ascent may evoke more motion and involvement due to perceived exertion or ‘effort’ to climb up the stairs, and that participants resonate more with conspecifics and familiar repertoires, in support of embodied simulation theory. Results also indicate that movement in the drone/actor image modulates perceived time. Neuroimaging studies are needed to investiate the impact of drone movement with or without human bodily movement on cortical sensorimotor activation in the brain.
How the Development, Features and Roll-Out of a SARS-COV-2 Vaccine Shape Public Acceptance: A Conjoint Experiment in a Large Representative Sample of Danes
Authors: Jørgensen Frederik Juhl , Bor Alexander , Petersen Michael Bang
Published: June 2021

While effective vaccines against the SARS-COV-2 virus have been developed and countries around the world have invested heavily to secure vaccine rollout, a fundamental challenge remains. How do policy-makers around the world ensure high vaccine uptake? What is lacking is a comprehensive assessment that captures a total spectrum of features related to the development of a vaccine, the vaccine's characteristics as well as the implementation of the vaccination program. To provide such an assessment, we designed a conjoint experiment embedded in large-scale surveys based on a random sample from the central database of Danish social security numbers (N = 3,099), providing a sample that is representative for the adult Danish population. In the conjoint experiment, we vary features relating to three dimensions: 1) the stage of vaccine development, 2) the specific characteristics of the vaccine, and 3) the implementation of the vaccination strategy. We show that the features relating to characteristics of the specific vaccine have the strongest impact on vaccine acceptance. The features relating to vaccine development were the second most powerful, while the features relating to the implementation of the vaccination strategy were the least.
Face masks influence emotion judgments of facial expressions: A drift-diffusion model
Authors: Williams W. Craig , Haque Eisha , Mai Becky , Venkatraman Vinod
Published: June 2021

Face masks slow the spread of SARS-CoV-2, but it has been unknown how masks might reshape social interaction. One important possibility is that masks may influence how individuals communicate emotion through facial expressions. Here, we clarify to what extent—and how— masks influence facial emotion communication, through drift-diffusion modeling (DDM). Over two independent pre-registered studies, conducted three and six months into the COVID-19 pandemic, online participants judged expressions of 6 emotions (anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, surprise) with the lower or upper face “masked” or unmasked. Participants in Study 1 (N = 228) correctly identified expressions above chance with lower face masks. However, they were less likely—and slower—to correctly identify these expressions relative to without masks, and they accumulated evidence for emotion more slowly—via decreased drift rate in DDM. This pattern replicated and intensified three months later in Study 2 (N = 264). These data could inform critical interventions to promote continued mask wearing by addressing concerns about how masks impact communication.
Missing from the Narrative: A Seven Decade Scoping Review of the Inclusion of Black Autistic Women and Girls in Autism Research
Authors: Lovelace Temple S. , Comis Mary , Tabb JoVonne M , Oshokoya Olajumoke E
Published: June 2021

The intersectional experiences of Black Autistic women and girls (BAWG) are missing from medical and educational research on autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Understanding the intersectional experiences of BAWG is important due to the rising prevalence of autism in Black children and girls (CDC, 2016) and the concurrent lack of availability of culturally relevant autism-related interventions (Maenner, 2020; West, 2016). Intersectionality is the study of the overlapping discrimination produced by systems of oppression (Collins, 2019; Crenshaw, 1989; 1991) and al-lows the researcher to simultaneously address race and disability in special education (Artiles, 2013). In this scoping review, the authors used the PRISMA-ScR checklist (Tricco et al., 2018) and Arksey and O’Malley’s (2005) framework to investigate the degree to which autism-related research (ARR) has included the intersectional experiences of BAWG. Utilizing narrative synthesis, strengths and gaps across the current body of literature are identified in order to set new directions for intersectional ARR. Overall, the authors found that across a 77-year period, three studies foregrounded BAWG and none addressed intersectionality as measured through criteria advanced by García and Ortiz (2013). These results reveal the scholarly neglect BAWG face in ARR, dis-course, policy, and practice. A future agenda including research, practice, and policy priorities is identified and discussed.
Simulating musical rotation, contour and notes: perception of (e)motion in nonmusicians
Authors: Kolesnikov Anna , Bamford Joshua Silberstein , Andrade Eduardo , MONTALTI Martina , Calbi Marta , Langiulli Nunzio , Parmar Manisha , Guerra Michele , Gallese Vittorio , Umilta' Maria Alessandra
Published: June 2021

The meaning of music may rely upon perceived motion (Zuckerkandl, 1971). Recently, the framework of embodied music cognition, which draws on the discovery of mirror neurons and the theory of embodied simulation (Gallese, 2007), makes the claim that our understanding of human-made sounds draws upon our experience of making the same or similar movements and sounds, which involves imitation of the source of visual and auditory information (Cox, 2011). This paper investigates perceived motion and embodied music experience in non-musicians across three musical dimensions: melodic contour (ascending, descending and flat), melodic complexity (low, medium, high) and, following from Hanson and Huron (2019), note pattern (binary, ternary, quaternary). As part of an initiative to adhere to a high aesthetic standard, 27 ten-second piano tracks were created in collaboration with a film composer. In the computer task, participants rated stimuli on a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) ranging from 0 to 100 for perceived Direction, Rotation, Movement, and Emotional and Physical Involvement. Results showed that: 1) Quaternary conditions were perceived as having significantly more Rotation, Movement and being more Physically Involving than Ternary and Binary, 2) High Complexity conditions were perceived as evoking significantly more Movement and being more Emotionally Involving than Low and Medium, and 3) Ascending conditions were perceived as having significantly more Movement, Rotation and being more Emotionally and Physically Involving than Descending and Flat. Results indicate that greater embodiment evoked by musical ascent may be modulated by greater perceived exertion or ‘effort’ to reach higher pitches, in line with the mimetic subvocalization hypothesis (Cox, 2017). Future studies are needed to investigate whether perceived rotation is driven by note pattern (i.e. metre) or note density and pitch., and how musical contour and rotation impact sensorimotor activation in the brain.
French Translation of the Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire
Authors: Luminet Olivier , Fantini-Hauwel Carole , Banse Emilie , Bigot Alix , Preece David
Published: June 2021

This French translation of the Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire (PAQ) was translated from the original English version. An initial translation from English to French was conducted and refined by the authorship team. These French items were then back-translated into English by a NAATI approved translator. Minor refinements to some of the French items were made by the authorship team on the basis of this back-translation, resulting in the final French version of the PAQ presented in this document. Our team is currently conducting a psychometric study on this French PAQ to examine its validity and reliability. Cette traduction française du Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire (PAQ) a été réalisée à partir de la version originale anglaise. Une première traduction de l'anglais vers le français a été réalisée et affinée par l'équipe des auteurs. Ces items français ont ensuite été retraduits en anglais par un traducteur agréé par le NAATI. Des améliorations mineures ont été apportées à certains items français par l'équipe des auteurs sur la base de cette retraduction, pour aboutir à la version française finale du PAQ présentée dans ce document. Notre équipe mène actuellement des études psychométriques sur la version française du PAQ afin d'en examiner la validité et la fiabilité.
The chemical induction of synaesthesia
Authors: Luke David , Lungu Laura , Friday Ross , Terhune Devin B
Published: June 2021

Objective Preliminary research suggests that experiences resembling synaesthesia are frequently reported under the influence of a diverse range of chemical substances although the incidence, chemical specificity, and characteristics of these effects are poorly understood. Methods Here we surveyed recreational drug users and self-reported developmental synaesthetes regarding their use of 28 psychoactive drugs comprising 12 different drug classes and whether they had experienced synaesthesia under the influence of these substances. Results The drug class tryptamines exhibited the highest incidence rates of drug-induced synaesthesia in controls and induction rates of novel forms of synaesthesia in developmental synaesthetes. Induction incidence rates in controls were strongly correlated with the corresponding induction and enhancement rates in developmental synaesthetes. In addition, the use of LSD was the strongest predictor of drug-induced synaesthesia in both controls and developmental synaesthetes. Clear evidence was observed for a clustering of synaesthesia-induction rates as a function of drug class in both groups, denoting non-random incidence rates within drug classes. Sound-colour synaesthesia was the most commonly observed type of induced synaesthesia. Further analyses suggest the presence of synaesthesia-prone individuals, who were more likely to experience drug-induced synaesthesia with multiple drugs. Conclusions These data corroborate the hypothesized link between drug-induced synaesthesia and serotoninergic activity, but also suggest the possibility of alternative neurochemical pathways involved in the induction of synaesthesia. They further suggest that the induction and modulation of synaesthesia in controls and developmental synaesthetes share overlapping mechanisms and that certain individuals may be more susceptible to experiencing induced synaesthesia with different drugs.
Inheritance, Gifts and the Wealth Deficit of Low-Income Households
Authors: Morelli Salvatore , Nolan Brian , Palomino Juan , Van Kerm Philippe
Published: June 2021

Many low-income households in rich countries have very little wealth, but the role of intergenerational wealth transmission in underpinning this deficit is not known. This paper seeks to fill that gap by investigating patterns of past wealth transfer receipt for low-income versus other households in seven rich countries and assessing the contribution that these transfers, or their absence, make to current wealth levels. We find that households on low incomes are relatively disadvantaged in terms of intergenerational transfers received in the past, both in terms of the likelihood of having received any and the amounts received by those who do benefit from such transfers. The role that this disadvantage plays in the linkage between current low income and low wealth is assessed and evidence presented that it is significant. Simulation of a universal wealth transfer scheme or ‘capital endowment’ on reaching adulthood for two countries shows that such a policy could lead to a marked decline in the proportion of low-income adults with no wealth. This and alternative or complementary policy responses to these wealth deficits merit the most serious attention. (Stone Center on Socio-Economic Inequality Working Paper)
Operation Sea Lion, the Luftwaffe, the Kanalkampf and the Battle of Britain - the Defence of Britain in1940 and Air Power in World War 2
Authors: Forrester Rochelle
Published: June 2021

Historians usually consider that if the Germans had carried out Operation Sea Lion and invaded Britain in 1940, the invasion would have been defeated by the Royal Navy. This belief is supported by a wargame conducted by the Royal Military Academy at Sandhurst in 1974. However, if the Germans had carried out the invasion correctly it could have been successful as bombing and landings on the south coast of England would have meant the British would lose the benefits of radar. RAF Fighter Command operating without radar would not be able to provide adequate air cover for Royal Navy ships in the English Channel. Without adequate air cover the Royal Navy will be forced out of the English Channel by attacks from the Luftwaffe as warships in World War 2 cannot survive under constant air attack.
KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH DALAM MENGALIHKAN JABATAN FUNGSIONAL KE JABATAN STRUKTURAL
Authors: Lalamafu Polikarpus
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTThis research aims to identify and analyze Regional Government Policies in Transferring Functional Positions to Structural Positions in West Southeast Maluku Regency, which is one of the policies that ignores the needs of the community and is not in accordance with regional conditions and is not based on rational choices that consider elements of priority needs. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach with data analysis techniques. The method used in this study is a qualitative approach to data analysis techniques using a model using the Miles and Huberman Model, through the procedure of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing.Based on the results of the research conducted, it was found that there was a policy of transferring power, there was still a mismatch between the fields of expertise and educational background with the positions they held so that the implementation of their duties became ineffective and efficient.Keywords: Policy and Position Transfer
Major Fungal Contaminants of Mushrooms and Their Management
Authors: Ghimire Ashish , Pandey Krishna Raj , Joshi Yagya Raj , Subedi Sobita
Published: June 2021

Mushrooms are known for several nutritional and medicinal benefits and are cultivated worldwide. Several fungal contaminants of mushrooms have been serving as the major restraining factor in the growing mushroom industry for a long time. Fungal contaminants like Trichoderma spp., Mycogone spp., Lecanicillium spp., Cladobotryum spp., Coprinus spp., Sependonium spp., Sclerotium rolfsii, and Cephalothecum roseum among many, are found to infect mushroom crops at different stages from spawn run period to maturation of fruiting bodies. These contaminants may reduce yield and/or degrade the quality of fruiting bodies of the mushroom causing economic losses. These contaminants are usually peculiar in terms of their symptomatology on the substrates, disease cycle, epidemiological requirements, and yield losses.  Most of these contaminants come from poorly sterilized substrates. Several sterilization techniques like steam sterilization, hot water sterilization, alkalinization, bleaching, and chemical sterilization can be employed to eliminate pre-existing contaminants and each technique has its own relative advantage over others. Besides, biological control involving botanicals and live antagonists can also be used as prophylactic sterilant or as therapeutic sprays. Biological control measures are friendly to the environment and human health. Unlike chemical fungicides (used as sterilant or spray), biological control measures don’t inhibit mushroom mycelial growth and even don’t raise the problem of pesticide resistance in pathogens. Roguing out of infected mushroom fruiting bodies or beds, mushroom house sanitation, and management of vector population are also equally important in preventing the spread of the fungal diseases of mushrooms.

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 9(2): 80-93
Antimicrobial Study of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) by Using Ageratina adenophora and its Characterization
Authors: Gautam Surendra K. , Baid Yasha , Magar Pabita Thapa , Binadi Tirtha Raj , Regmi Bishow
Published: June 2021

Green chemistry refers to the design of chemical product and processes that reduce or eliminate the generation of hazardous substances. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized successfully from AgNO3 through a simple green synthetic route using Ageratina adenophora leaf extract which acts as both reducing and capping agents. As synthesized AgNPs were characterized with the help of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. XRD study shows crystalline nature of silver nanoparticles and average particle size was calculated as 24 nm using Debye Scherrer equation. Functional group responsible for the reduction of silver ion was investigated using FTIR spectroscopy. Hydroxyl group, amine group, aliphatic amine group were detected from FTIR analysis. Further, the green synthesized nanoparticles were found to be highly toxic against bacteria: Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli showing zone of inhibition of 11 mm and 9 mm, respectively.

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 9(2): 128-132.
Dialog a telewizyjna transmisja sportowa
Authors: Grochala Beata
Published: June 2021

Przedmiotem badań artykułu jest tekst mówiony telewizyjnej transmisji sportowej, a zwłaszcza formy konwersacyjne, które dominują we współczesnym przekazie telewizyjnym. Z wybranych transmisji różnorodnych dyscyplin sportowych emitowanych we wrześniu i październiku 2020 r. wyekscerpowano materiał badawczy, który stanowi tekst komentarza prowadzonego przez dwie osoby – dziennikarza i eksperta bądź w konfiguracji dziennikarz–dziennikarz. W artykule rozpatrywany jest typ relacji komunikacyjnej pomiędzy nimi. Ponieważ mamy do czynienia z dwiema osobami, najbardziej naturalną formą wydaje się dialog. Jednak badania pokazują, że występują także inne formy komunikacyjne. Duety komentatorskie albo prowadzą profesjonalny dialog relacjonująco-komentatorski, albo ich wymiany przypominają reakcje rozemocjonowanych kibiców, albo pojawia się „monolog równoległy”, związany z prowadzeniem odrębnych narracji powiązanych tematycznie.
Lingua Receptiva: An Overview of Communication Strategies
Authors: Majdańska-Wachowicz Urszula , Steciąg Magdalena , Zábranský Lukáš
Published: June 2021

The aim of the study is to examine communication strategies employed by the Polish and Czech speakers when communicating with each other in their native languages. In particular, the analysis refers to receptive intercultural communication. The material under investigation covers audio and visual recordings of semi-spontaneous dialogues. The pragmalinguistic research investigates the strategies which help achieve mutual intelligibility when using lingua receptiva. The findings prove how significant pragmatic aspects are when it comes to successful receptive intercultural communication.
Konceptualizacje KONIA a cel praktyczny internetowych apeli o darowizny na rzecz zwierząt
Authors: Sobstyl Katarzyna Anna
Published: June 2021

Przedmiotem analiz w opracowaniu są apele o darowizny na rzecz zwierząt, zamieszczane w Internecie przez Fundację Centaurus. Działania językowe w obrębie tych tekstów są podporządkowane określonemu celowi – zebraniu pieniędzy potrzebnych na uratowanie życia konkretnemu koniowi przeznaczonemu na rzeź. Przeprowadzone badania przybliżają zarówno wzorzec gatunkowy apelu, jak i najczęstsze strategie stosowane przez nadawców w celu zjednania adresatów i nakłonienia ich do dokonywania wpłat. Istotne dla tych analiz wydaje się wykorzystanie metodologii językowego obrazu świata, pozwalającej na przedstawienie konceptualizacji zwierząt, którym poświęcane są te teksty. Obrazowanie wynikające z określonego punktu widzenia wpływa na zwiększenie siły illokucyjnej przekazu.
Russia in the Post-Soviet Space: Dual Citizenship as a Foreign Policy Instrument
Authors: Zevelev Igor A.
Published: June 2021

The spread of dual citizenship in the post-Soviet space is becoming one of the most important tools for ensuring Russia’s hegemony in the region. However, this phenomenon is often overlooked in foreign policy analysis. The study of changes in Russian legislation shows that over the past three years Russia has created a legal framework that would accelerate the spread of dual citizenship in Ukraine and potentially in Belarus, Kazakhstan, and Moldova. So, Moscow gets powerful leverage, but its use has so far run into both internal constraints and concerns within the Russian government structures and the resistance of neighboring independent states. Thus, a new research field is taking shape at the intersection of several disciplines—political science, international studies, and sociology.
“Fascism,” the Relevant Past, and Monologues in the Face of Others
Authors: Pakhalyuk Konstantin A.
Published: June 2021

From a political point of view, the key purpose of any reference to the past is not so much to substantiate concrete wording as to form collective identities and/or provide moral justification for certain political decisions. Therefore, one cannot but agree with Marlene Laruelle that discussions, largely virtual, about World War II and the role of the USSR in it, which flare up from time to time in the European press, are closely related to the search for an answer to a more pressing question: Can modern Russia be considered part (albeit special) of some common European space? Her article, filled with propositions and observations some would gladly subscribe to, still gives food for thought due to its focus on academic debate with those who consider Russia fascist or seek analogies between Putin’s Russia and Hitler’s Germany.
Penerapan Asas Pencemar Membayar dalam Perkara Perdata Lingkungan Hidup (Studi Putusan Pengadilan Tinggi Riau Nomor 79/Pdt./2014/PTR)
Authors: Siregar Leonardo
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang tanggungjawab pemerintah kepada masyarakat pada saat terjadinya pencemaran lingkungan hidup yang berdampak langsung pada lingkungan hidup dan penerapan dari asas pencemar membayar dalam perkara perdata lingkungan hidup di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan. Tanggung jawab pemerintah terhadap terjadinya pencemaran dan kerusakan lingkungan hidup dapat melalui pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan dan kebijakan terkait perlindungan dan pengelolaan lingkungan hidup, pemberian izin dan pengawasan izin lingkungan dan penegakan hukum lingkungan baik secara administrasi, perdata dan pidana. Penerapan Asas Pencemar Membayar dalam Perkara Perdata Lingkungan Hidup di Indonesia diatur berdasarkan Pasal 87 ayat (1) dan Pasal 88 UU No. 32 tahun 2009 tidak terlaksana karena semua gugatan dalam permohonan banding penggugat ditolak oleh 2 orang majelis Hakim, hanya hakim ketua yang berbeda pendapat.
Tinjauan Yuridis terhadap Driver Grabcar sebagai Pelaku Tindak Pidana Memanipulasi Data Elektronik (Tinjauan Putusan Nomor 853/PID.SUS/2018/PNMKS)
Authors: Rahmayanti Rahmayanti , Naibaho Yosafat Antonius , Rahtan Andika
Published: June 2021

Salah satu bentuk manipulasi data elektronik juga terjadi dalam dunia transportasi online. Subjek dalam hal ini adalah driver GrabCar. Normalnya seorang driver GrabCar mendapatkan dan menjalankan orderan yang diberikan oleh sistem aplikasi GrabCar apabila ada orderan kastamer yang masuk kedalam akun aplikasi  driver GrabCar. Setiap orderan yang diselesaikan  driver GrabCar mendapatkan poin. Poin inilah yang harus dikumpulkan dan dikejar si driver GrabCar untuk memperoleh target bonus insentif. Karena tantangan dalam memperoleh bonus insentif itu cukup berat maka si driver melakukan kecurangan dengan memanipulasi sistem order. Dengan demikian perbuatan itu jelas melanggar ketentuan hukum bahkan peraturan perusahaan GrabCar itu sendiri. Selain sanksi dari perusahaan Grab berupa putus mitra,  pelaku dapat dikenai sanksi pidana sebagaimana diatur dalam undang-undang  informasi dan transaksi elektronik.
Perlindungan Hak Dasar Anak pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Kota Medan
Authors: Lubis Muhammad Ansori
Published: June 2021

Anak sebagai generasi penerus diharapkan menjadi tumpuan bangsa di masa yang akan mendatang. Oleh karena itu sudah menjadi kewajiban untuk memenuhi hak dasar anak bagi seluruh elemen bangsa. Akan tetapi di masa pandemi sekarang ini, Peraturan Walikota Medan Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Karantina Kesehatan Dalam Rangka Percepatan Penanganan Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) Di Kota Medan, masihlah belum mengakomodir pemenuhan hak dasar anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perlindungan hak dasar anak pada masa pandemic covid 19 di kota medan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian normatif, yaitu penelitian yang membahas aspek hukum dengan melakukan penelusuran bahan kepustakaan (library research) yang berorientasi kepada peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku.Pemerintah Kota Medan Beserta Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah Kota Medan haruslah segera menerbitkan produk hukum daerah setingkat Peraturan Daerah (Perda) untuk menjamin perlindungan dan pemenuhan hak-hak dasar anak di masa pandemi Covid-19.
Penelitian Formal Bukti Pemenuhan Kewajiban Penyetoran Pajak Penghasilan Final Pengalihan Hak atas Tanah dan/atau Bangunan
Authors: Lora Vivian , Mathon Bastari
Published: June 2021

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses dan gambaran mengenai ketentuan Penelitian Formal serta sekaligus menganalisa pertanggungjawaban Notaris/PPAT apabila timbul kurang bayar PPh Final PHTB. Masalah difokuskan pada peraturan mengenai Penelitian Formal. Guna mendekati masalah ini dipergunakan metode yuridis normatif yaitu menggambarkan, menelaah, dan menganalisis peraturan mengenai Penelitian Formal dan dianalisis secara kualitatif.  Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa dalam hal terjadi kurang bayar pajak akibat kebenaran harga transakasi yang dicantumkan pada Surat Pernyataan PHTB maka pertanggungjawaban dibebankan kepada Wajib Pajak dan Penanggung Pajak karena kebenaran harga transaksi bukan merupakan tanggung jawab Notaris/PPAT. Kegiatan penelitian formal mengakibatkan penandatanganan akta menjadi tertunda karena penandatanganan akta tidak dapat dilaksanakan sebelum terbit Surat Keterangan Penelitian Formal.
Kebijakan Pemerintah di Masa Pandemi Covid-19: Antara Negara Sejahtera dan Negara Sehat
Authors: Dirkareshza Rianda , Azura Dinda Maurizka , Pradana Roni
Published: June 2021

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menggali dan meneliti lebih dalam bagaimana kebijakan–kebijakan yang pemerintah keluarkan di masa pandemi Covid-19 ini untuk menciptakan negara sejahtera dan negara sehat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan literatur review dengan menggunakan ketentuan perundang-undangan yang berlaku pada suatu negara atau metode pendekatan hukum doktrinal yaitu teori-teori hukum dan pendapat para ilmuwan hukum terutama yang berkaitan dengan permasalahan yang dibahas. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan yang dikeluarkan oleh pemerintah pada saat Pandemi Covid-19 ini terlihat menitikberatkan pada prinsip negara sehat apabila ditinjau dari segi kuantitas. Tidak menutup kemungkinan yang besar apabila dilihat dari segi kualitas, sebagai negara sejahtera juga salah satu tujuan dari beberapa rangkaian kebijakan yang dikeluarkan oleh pemerintah. Rangkaian kebijakan–kebijakan tersebut dinilai cukup efektif, namun tidak dapat dirasakan secara langsung dampak positifnya untuk jangka panjang.
Fotosintetski odgovor bukovih klijanaca na suboptimalnu ishranjenost s mineralnim hranivima
Authors: Sever Krunoslav , Škvorc Željko , Lazarević Boris , Karažija Tomislav , Sviličić Dimitrije Damir
Published: June 2021

U ovom radu prikazani su rezultati izmjere parametara koji opisuju fotosintetsku aktivnost bukovih klijanaca pod utjecajem suboptimalne ishranjenosti s mineralnim hranivima. Cilj rada bio je približiti ovu problematiku šumarskoj praksi kroz raspravu dobivenih rezultata u kontekstu dosadašnjih spoznaja o utjecaju mineralne ishrane na fotosintetski proces šumskoga drveća. U rano proljeće 2019. godine bukovi klijanci porijeklom iz jedne prirodne mješovite sastojine hrasta kitnjaka i obične bukve presađeni su u sterilni supstrat (agroperlit). Nakon presadnje redovito su zalijevani (tretirani) kompletnom hranivom otopinom (KO tretman), odnosno hranivim otopinama u kojima su izostavljeni dušik (–N tretman), fosfor (–P tretman), magnezij (–Mg tretman) ili željezo (–Fe tretman). Na šest klijanaca unutar svakog od pet prethodno opisanih tretmana tijekom vegetacijskog razdoblja 2019. godine redovito su mjereni sljedeći parametri: stopa fotosinteze (A), provodljivost puči (gs), intercelularna koncentracija CO2 (ci), indeks relativnog sadržaja klorofila u lišću (CCI) te indeks fotosintetske učinkovitosti (PIABS). Svi parametri bili su lošiji kod klijanaca iz –N, –P i –Mg tretmana u odnosu na klijance iz KO tretmana. Takav rezultat vjerojatno proizlazi iz fizioloških funkcija N, P i Mg koji sudjeluju u građi proteina i enzima, prometu i skladištenju energije te građi klorofila, što je sve skupa neophodno za uredno funkcioniranje cjelokupnog fotosintetskog procesa. Unatoč važnoj ulozi Fe u gotovo svim životnim procesima biljaka pa tako i fotosintezi svi mjereni parametri kod klijanaca iz –Fe i KO tretmana bili su podjednaki. Međutim, za razliku od N, P i Mg koji pripadaju skupini makrohraniva, Fe pripada skupini mikrohraniva, čije su koncentracije u biljnom tkivu relativno niske. Prema tome, moguće je pretpostaviti da su istraživani klijanci iz tla prirodne sastojine i/ili iz rezervi u sjemenu tijekom početne faze svoga razvoja uspjeli usvojiti i/ili mobilizirati dovoljnu količinu Fe koja im je bila dostatna za normalno funkcioniranje tijekom cijelog vegetacijskog razdoblja, bez obzira na kasniju primjenu tretmana. S obzirom na ovakav rezultat, inicijalno praćenje parametara fotosintetske aktivnosti bit će nastavljeno tijekom sljedećih nekoliko vegetacijskih razdoblja. U tom periodu planira se započeti s praćenjem dinamike vegetativnoga rasta, fenologije listanja i razvoja vizualnih simptoma pri suboptimalnoj ishranjenosti obične bukve s mineralnim hranivima s ciljem dodatnog približavanja ove problematike šumarskoj praksi.
The Forty-year History of Revenue Management: Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Mulyani Yun Prihantina
Published: June 2021

This paper presents research trends, leading publishers, influential articles, and shifting concerns in the field of Revenue Management for over forty years based on bibliometric analysis. Bibliometric data was retrieved from Web of Science core collection with a well-defined strategy. The data was processed using Network Analysis Interface for Literature Studies Project scripts. Subject-wise and year-wise research trends were presented. The shifting concerns in RM in terms of topic, method, and domain were highlighted using keyword analysis. In general, RM showed an increasing number of published papers with exponential manner every year. The research core in RM covered the three major decisions in RM including pricing, quantity control, and structural decision. It was highlighted that RM’s concern has shifted from single-firm decision to be more consumer- and competition-centric. The data showed that the needs of empirical study and more advanced quantitative methods for complex and real-time problems were urged. In addition, the adoption of RM was extended for industries with semi-flexible capacity. The top influential publishers were Decision Sciences, Operations Research, Management Science, and Management Science Manufacturing & Service Operations Management.
ŞİÎ FÂTIMÎLERİN KUDÜS'Ü HAÇLILARDAN GERİ ALMA GİRİŞİMLERİ
Authors: ÇELİK Sebahattin
Published: June 2021

Papa II. Urbanus kutsal toprakları kurtarmak ve Doğu’daki din kardeşlerine yardım etmek amacıyla “Tanrı adına savaş” sözleriyle Avrupa halklarını büyük bir Haçlı Seferi’ne çağırırken (1095), İslâm dünyası Sünnî Selçuklular ile Şiî Fâtımîler arasındaki üstünlük mücadelesinin sıkıntılarını yaşıyordu. Birinci Haçlı Seferi ordularının Avrupa’dan İslâm coğrafyası üzerine harekete geçtikleri esnada, Artukoğlullarının hâkimiyetindeki Beytülmakdis, Fâtımîlerin kuşatması altındaydı (1098). Selçuklu kuvvetleri ve yerel Türkmen beylikleri devasa Haçlı ordularını durdurmaya çalışırken, Fâtımî halifesi elçileri aracılığıyla onlarla dostane ilişkiler kurmaya çalışıyordu. Haçlı tehlikesini zamanında idrak edemeyen ve onların Kudüs’ten vazgeçmeyeceklerini çok geç anlayan Fâtımîler, Kudüs’ün zapt edilmesine ve burada dünya tarihinin gördüğü en vahşi katliamlardan birinin gerçekleştirilmesine engel olamadılar (1099). Kudüs’ün Haçlıların eline geçmesinden sonra, Fâtımî kuvvetleri Kudüs’ü geri almak ve ülkelerini korumak amacıyla Haçlılarla defalarca karşı karşıya geldilerse de onlara karşı bir üstünlük elde edemediler (1099-1105). Sonuçta Kudüs’ü kaderine terk etmek zorunda kalan Fâtımîlerin, yegâne başarıları Haçlıları Askalân önlerinde bir süre durdurabilmek oldu.
Hip Pain: Relation to Anatomical Location and Underlying Pathology
Authors: Lespasio Michelle J , Lespasio Michelle J
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this article is to provide a synopsis of the current medical understanding of hip pain
highlighting its relation to anatomical location and underlying pathology. We describe the i) mechanism of
the hip joint, ii) classification of hip pain, iii) prevalence of hip pain, iv) purported causes, v) associated risk
factors, vi) clinical presentation, vii) diagnosis and classification, and viii) treatment options. A quiz serves
to assist readers in their understanding of the presented material.
Brain Syndemics: Cognitive Deficit, Pathways of Interaction, and the Biology of Inequality
Authors: Singer Merrill , Singer Merrill
Published: June 2021

Children born into and raised in disadvantaged families tend to experience poorer health and more
developmental delays, lower achievement, and a greater number of behavioural and emotional problems
than children from wealthier homes. There is growing evidence that poverty and social inequality leave their
imprint on brain structure as well. The brain exhibits considerable plasticity, one expression of which is
shaped by the biology of inequality. A specific consequence is cognitive deficit found among children raised
in poverty and subject to social discrimination. This paper argues that several pathways impacted by
poverty, including chronic stress, malnutrition, exposure to heightened levels of air pollution, and other
toxin exposures, syndemically link social inequality to underlying neural mechanisms and to suboptimal
brain development and structure. These deficits need not be permanent and are reversible through urgently
needed structural, socio-economic intervention.
Pornocultura e feminismo: as SuicideGirls ao vivo no Facebook
Authors: Angonese Marjulie , Primo Alex Fernando Teixeira
Published: June 2021

Este trabalho apresenta reflexões sobre a subjetivação das ideologias feministas e de poder capitalístico nos discursos e performances de modelos SuicideGirls. A partir de análise de discurso realizada com base em vídeos e entrevistas semiestruturadas, foi possível concluir que suas performances estão inseridas em um contexto pornocultural e calcadas no desejo de atuarem como influenciadoras digitais. O estudo revela, ainda, a transformação do feminismo em uma mercadoria pornocultural.
Streaming de jogos digitais como prática de performance contemporânea
Authors: Pase André Fagundes , Dallegrave Leticia
Published: June 2021

Serviços de streaming de jogos atraem diariamente a atenção de milhares de pessoas. O desempenho dentro e fora dos games é fator de atração, realizado em plataformas que estimulam a retenção do público e transformam atenção em capital. Para compreender esta nova performance, revisitamos[1] conceitos clássicos e observamos as suas transformações no contexto das redes. Relacionando teoria com este fenômeno, entendemos que o comportamento observado pode ser entendido como uma performance contemporânea.[1] Este artigo deriva da dissertação de mestrado de uma das autoras. Em virtude disso, alguns trechos possuem semelhanças com o texto apresentado para a banca, porém esta versão conta com novas observações.
Stressstrain state of cast-in-place and precast structure with loaded cast-in-place element
Authors: Koyankin A. A. , Mitasov V. M.
Published: June 2021

The paper presents the strength analysis of cast-in-place and precast structures in accordance with regulatory documents, which require clarifications, since the properties of such structures distinguish them from conventional reinforced concrete structures. These properties include the beginning of the deformation process, ultimate strain, physical properties, and others. The strength analysis of cast-in-place and precast structure is conducted with regard to these properties.

The proposed analysis is based on the load-bearing capacity exhaustion of deformed concrete or reinforcement and allows considering the different time of involvement in the deformation process of cast-in-place and precast structures as well different stress and strain properties of concrete. The experimental data are in good agreement with theoretical calculations.
Numerical simulation of subgrade soil deformation properties for prediction of earthquake resistance of structures
Authors: Sokolov M. V. , Prostov S. M. , Gerasimov O. V.
Published: June 2021

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to predict the earthquake resistance in strengthening the subgrade soils of structures. Numerical simulation of the total increment of seismic intensity during the artificial transformation and strengthening of subgrade soils based on geomechanical modeling.

Research methods: Classical mathematical methods for modeling subgrade soils in a plane nonlinear problem.

Originality: A new approach is developed to determine the total increment of seismic intensity using the ratio between the subsidence values of building foundations and structures before and after soil strengthening. The paper presents the prediction results of changes in seismic resistance of real objects, based on engineering and geologi cal surveys and numerical computer models. It is shown that due to the transformation of subgrade soils, the earthquake resistance can be reduced by more than 0.5 points.

Practical implication: This technique can be used to adjust the score for individual objects and map the boundaries of seismic zones.
Organizational aspects of territory development
Authors: Sborshchikov S. B. , Zhuravlev P. A.
Published: June 2021

Purpose: The society development is characterized by changes in the technological structure, that make necessary to revise the existing solutions that affect all areas of the national economy in general, and the construction industry, in particular. Due to the increased requirements for comfort, safety and economy of the living environment, it is expedient to transform the urban planning solutions. In this regard, the aim of this paper is to study the organizational aspects of the territory development, paying special attention engineering and reengineering.

Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis is used to perform the classification of services and works. Special attention is paid to the organizational aspects of engineering and the life cycle of urban planning solutions. As a hypothesis, it is assumed that the most effective solution of the society problems of comfort and safety of buildings, is reengineering based on the synthesis of the sustainable development and risk-based approach. Research implications:

Engineering in construction is defined. Reengineering of urban planning solutions is shown as well as the possibility of synthesizing the concepts of sustainable development and risk-based approach. The dynamics of changes in the parameters of individual elements may not coincide with the nature of changes in the overall urban planning decision, which provides the emergence of areas of dangerous and uncomfortable living environment. This requires modernization of technical solutions or restoration of their material form, which is the subject of reengineering, which can be distributed over the life cycle of the urban planning solution and attributed to the land development.