bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Composição gravimétrica dos resíduos sólidos urbanos da cidade de Manaus – AM
Authors: Rodrigues Melquizedec Arcos , Ismail Kamal Abdel Radi , Lino Fátima Aparecida de Morais , Azevedo Inácia Oliveira de
Published: December 2023

Pesquisas realizadas pela Abrelpe (2022) revelam que em 2022 foram gerados no Brasil 81,8 milhões de toneladas de resíduos sólidos urbanos (RSU), o que significa que cada cidadão brasileiro gerou 381 Kg de RSU, cujo destino são os aterros e lixões. Extinguir ou pelo menos reduzir os aterros e lixões em todo o país é desejo de toda população. Diminuiria em muito problemas de saúde da população, de poluição do solo e dos rios, etc. A meta estipulada pelo Plano Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos – PLANARES, da Lei Federal nº 12.305/10 - Política Nacional dos Resíduos sólidos (PNRS, 2010) é conseguir acabar com os lixões e aterros como locais de disposição final de resíduos sólidos urbanos (RSU) até o ano de 2030. Fatores tais como aumento progressivo da população aliado ao comportamento do consumo e desperdício, ausência de conscientização da população, baixo percentual de outros tratamentos possíveis, tais como reciclagem, compostagem, biodigestão, tem tirado a esperança de sucesso dessa meta. A cidade de Manaus, capital do estado do Amazonas, localizada na parte central da floresta amazônica deposita mais de um milhão de toneladas de RSU por ano, numa área de 66 hectares que possui vida útil até o final do ano de 2024. Este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever as atividades desenvolvidas para caracterização dos resíduos sólidos urbanos destinados ao aterro da cidade através da análise gravimétrica, composta por três etapas, exigidas pela NBR 10.007/2004: quarteamento, identificação e pesagem das categorias de resíduos. Também foi possível a determinação do peso específico aparente desses resíduos. Os estudos foram realizados em onze bairros, entre os meses de julho a outubro de 2022. De posse desses dados constatou-se uma grande quantidade de material com capacidade de serem reciclados (60% + 2%), apesar das campanhas publicitárias do poder público, com peso específico aparente médio de 74 Kg/m³. Assim, conclui-se que a coleta seletiva e a triagem são de suma importância, como alternativas para a diminuição dos resíduos destinados ao aterro da cidade, possibilitando a vida útil desse e o reaproveitamento dos materiais recicláveis, trazendo benefícios econômicos, sociais e ambientais à cidade e seus habitantes.
Qualificação da assistência pré-natal em Caicó/RN: Uma aproximação entre universidade, hospital e atenção básica
Authors: Monteiro Maria Diane Braga Dantas , Medeiros Rosicleide Rubia Pereira
Published: December 2023

A assistência pré-natal é um importante componente da atenção à saúde das mulheres no período gravídico-puerperal. Práticas realizadas rotineiramente durante essa assistência estão associadas a melhores desfechos perinatais (2,3). Em 2000 o Ministério da Saúde criou o Programa de Humanização do Pré-Natal e Nascimento (PHPN), visando a diminuição dos elevados índices de adoecimento e óbitos maternos e perinatais, expandir a oferta ao pré-natal, definir parâmetros para otimizar os atendimentos as gestantes e proporcionar o elo entre os cuidados ambulatoriais e o parto. Trata também de estabelecer as atividades elementares a serem executadas no decorrer das consultas pré-natais e puerperais (5).
Transtornos mentais e comportamentais por uso de substâncias psicoativas: Pandemia Covid-19
Authors: Ramos Giovanna Scudeler Lima , Oliveira Hugo Gonçalves de , Souza Elaine Fernanda Dornelas de , Russi Daniela Tereza Ascencio
Published: December 2023

Os transtornos mentais (TM) estão diretamente associados ao crescimento da taxa de morbimortalidade devido ao seu potencial de causar doenças somáticas. Eles englobam tanto sofrimentos emocionais quanto fatores fisiopatológicos, sendo pouco identificados e tratados: o que gera forte impacto na sociedade. O presente estudo objetiva calcular os dados quantificando a morbimortalidade dos Transtornos Mentais e Comportamentais (TMC) por uso de álcool e outras substâncias psicoativas nas regiões brasileiras no período antes e durante a pandemia COVID-19. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico de caráter quantitativo, o qual se faz necessário visto que de acordo com as bases de dados: o Sistema de Informação Hospitalar (SIH/SUS) e o Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM), neste intervalo de pandemia, a população foi mais exposta a fatores desencadeantes de distúrbios mentais: fatores sociais, genéticos, psicológicos e ambientais. A seleção nestas plataformas será direcionada à morbidade hospitalar de TMC por uso de álcool e outras substâncias psicoativas, tendo enfoque no diagnóstico precoce e prevenção de tais patologias segundo cada região brasileiras. Espera-se que este estudo possa contribuir com ações de orientação em Saúde que auxiliem na promoção e prevenção de riscos à saúde no país. Com os resultados apresentados nesta pesquisa, constata-se quanto à prevalência geral de internações por TMC devido ao uso de álcool que a região Norte apresentou a menor, 0,20/100.000hab, e Sul com a maior prevalência, de 4,77/100.000hab. Quanto à prevalência geral de óbitos por estes transtornos, a região Norte também apresentou a menor, 0,26/100.000hab, e a região Sul com a maior prevalência, de 1,56/100.000hab. Ademais, a região Norte apresentou a menor prevalência geral de internações por TMC devido ao uso de múltiplas drogas e substâncias psicoativas, 0,47/100.000hab, e a região Sul com a maior prevalência, de 5,79/100.000hab. A região Sudeste apresentou a menor prevalência geral de óbitos por estes transtornos, 0,00/100.000hab, e a região Sul com a maior prevalência, de 0,67/100.000hab. Sobre as faixas etárias, nosso estudo revelou que as maiores taxas ocorreram na população cuja idade esteve relacionada ao período de maior produtividade no trabalho e na população de idade avançada. Outra variável analisada foi o gênero, cujo resultado mostrou que o sexo masculino apresentou maior prevalência que o feminino nas internações e nos óbitos. Desta forma, este público deve receber maior enfoque de políticas públicas através de campanhas de conscientização e intervenção precoce relacionada ao uso de substâncias psicoativas.
COMPARACIÓN E INTERACCIÓN GENOTIPO-AMBIENTE DEL DESEMPEÑO PRODUCTIVO EN TRES LÍNEAS GENÉTICAS DE TILAPIA Oreochromis sp.
Authors: Pérez-Fuentes Jorge Luis , Pérez-Rostro Carlos Iván , Hernández-Vergara Martha Patricia , Amaro-Espejo Isabel Araceli , Huicab-Pech Zulema
Published: December 2023

Tilapia is the second most widely cultivated species in the international scope, due to their fast growing and breeding capacity in captivity. Its biggest problem is the unpredictability of the productive performance of varieties in different environments and management types. For this reason, the productive performance of three lines: Oreochromis niloticus (N), red Oreochromis mossambicus (M) and Rocky Mountain (R), cultured in five sites in two environments (Presses: Miguel de la Madrid and Miguel Aleman in the State of Oaxaca, Mexico) was compared. Cages with dimensions between 18 and 48 m3 with stocking density of 7 to 28 fish m-3 were used. Feeding varied depending on the producers (1 to 3 portions a day/cage (300 to 1200 g of feed). Total length (TL), weight (P), survival (SUP) and fillet yield (RF) were evaluated in each genetic line. Results from physicochemical parameters of water, environments of culture and production efficiency of the strains indicated no significant differences, except for weight gain (g) between sites of culture. However, it was considered that the differences were mainly due to handling during the culture, rather than the genetic line. Genetic lines showed similar performance (Tilapia R: LT 16.5 ± 3.1 cm, P 99.0± 46.6 g, 28 % RF, SUP 91.6 %. Tilapia N: LT 16.7 ± 3.7 cm, P 98.2 ± 40.9, RF 23 % SUP 86 %. Tilapia M: LT 15.4 ± 4.6 cm, P 100.1 ± 112.5 g, 30 % RF, SUP 91.6 %). Under the conditions evaluated, type of management could influence the efficiency of the culture more than the genetic line.
EPIDEMIOLOGIA DEL VRSB Y FACTORES DE RIESGO EN HATOS BOVINOS DEL ESTADO DE CAMPECHE, MEXICO
Authors: Encalada Mena Lisandro Alberto , Cruz-Tamayo A. , Méndez-Ortiz F. , Pacheco-Arias R. , González-Escobar U. , Santiago-Viveros Y.
Published: December 2023

High seroprevalence in Yucatan and proximity to the state of Campeche make it necessary to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (VRSB) in the state of Campeche, Mexico. Thus the objective of the present work was to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) of the state of Campeche, Mexico. The sampled of 36 cattle herds (842 sera) were analyzed by indirect ELISA kit, in the 11 municipalities of Campeche. A survey to obtain risk factors (sex, age of animals, number of animals grazing density, management system, presence of sheep on the farm and access to the roadside) was applied and calculated X2 for each variable considered. Of the total number of samples analyzed (842), 273 were positive (32.47%). The prevalence ranges found ranged from 0% to 84%, so in 9 of the herds there were no positive samples, indicating a 75% (27/36) of dispersion of this virus. X2 analysis indicated that all variables were significant and are risk factors regarding with respect to the variable seroprevalence of BRSV. The results indicate a wide circulation of BRSV and we suggest implement recommendations that will enable a lower spread of this virus in the cattle population.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF CAATINGA POTENTIAL FORAGES SPECIES
Authors: Silva Dynara Layza de Souza da , Oliveira Karla Priscila de , Aroeira Luiz J.M. , Chaves Dowglish Ferreira , Ponciano Marcio Freire , Braga Alexandre Paula , Lima Junior Dorgival Morais  de
Published: December 2023

Chemical composition of some potential forages species, natives from Caatinga region, were evaluated. Samples of Macroptilium heterophyllum, Stylosanthes humilis, Rhynchosia mÃ­nima, Desmodium tortuosum Sw. Dc, Merremia aegyptia, Mimosa tenuiflora Wild, Bauhinia cheilantha and as well Macroptilium lathyroides, Caesalpinia pyramidalis and Mimosa tenuiflora hays were collected in Rio Grande do Norte Stated, during 2011 rainy season. The analyses: dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) mineral matter (MM) ether extractÂ  (EE) neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), lignin (LIG), insoluble neutral detergent nitrogen, (INDN) insoluble acid detergent nitrogen, (ADIN), total phenol (TF) and total tannin (TT) were done at Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos in CearÃ¡ State. Plants analyzed, as expected, for tropical species, exhibited high level of cell wall constituents, high lignifications rate and revealed substantial presence of anti nutritional compounds. However, regardless of this data, the main problem, for grazing animals, is due to its xerophytes characteristics. Most of the shrubs and trees are deciduous, losing its leaves during the dry season. In addition, herbaceous presents a very rapid lifetime cycle, germinating and senescing during the brief wet season.
OPTIMIZING THE USE OF DUDDINGTONIA FLAGRANS CHLAMYDOSPORES AGAINST HAEMONCHUS CONTORTUS IN FECES OF SHEEP
Authors: Ojeda-Robertos Nadia Florencia , Torres-Acosta Juan Felipe De Jesus , Mendoza-de-Gives Pedro , Gonzalez-Garduño Roberto , Valero-Coss Rosa Ofelia , Liebano-Hernandez Enrique , Ayala-Burgos Armin
Published: December 2023

The aim of this study was to identify the proportion of D. flagrans chlamydospores that led to the highest trapping efficacy in the presence of eggs or L3 larvae of H. contortus. Firstly, five groups of 15 coprocultures each were prepared, with proportions of eggs:chlamydospores (E:C) in Groups I throught V of 1:0 (Control group), Â 1:1, 1:10, Â 1:100, and 1:1.000, respectively. A second batch of fifty coprocultures was then prepared, with five groups of 10 coprocultures each and larvae:chlamydospore (L:C) ratios equal to those used to evaluate different E:C ratios (Groups VI, VII, VIII, IX and X). Larval reduction percentages were calculated to estimate trapping efficacy. Numbers of larvae harvested from cultures seeded with eggs and chlamydospores at E:C ratios of less than 1:1 were lower than those from the control (P<0.05). Â Similarly, when L3 larvae were used as bait, the reduction percentage initially increased with increases in chlamydospore density, but efficacy did not continue to increase at L:C proportions beyond 1:10 (P>0.05). This study demonstrates the importance of adjusting the dose of D. flagrans chlamydospores to achieve 10 chlamydospores for each egg or larvae in the faeces, in order to reach the optimal use.
THE ROLE OF IRRIGATED FODDER PRODUCTION TO SUPPLEMENT THE DIET OF FATTENING SHEEP BY SMALLHOLDERS IN SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA
Authors: Derseh Melkamu Bezabih , Duncan Alan J , Mekonnen Kindu , Adie Aberra , Khan Nazir A , Thorne Peter
Published: December 2023

Feed shortage and poor quality of available feeds are major constraints for livestock production in the highlands of Ethiopia. A trial was conducted to assess if producing irrigated oat-vetch fodder during the dry period could adequately supplement the diet of fattening sheep and generate additional income for smallholders. A total of 14 farmers and 70 sheep (5 per farmer) were involved in the trial. The farmers supplemented their fattening sheep with 200 g of irrigated oat-vetch fodder per day for about 70 days. The mean daily body weight gain of the fattened sheep ranged from 52 to 110 grams. The partial budget analysis revealed that while farmers with good feeding management could earn an additional income in the range of ETB 55 – 161 per sheep, farmers with the lower rate of weight gain could lose up to ETB 58 per sheep unless purchase and sale prices remained constant. Sheep prices do, however, fluctuate, peaking during major holiday periods occurring during the dry season. Therefore, timing of the fattening period is essential to profitability, and supplemental irrigated fodder production offers smallholders opportunities to produce good quality feed and target favourable markets for fattened animals. 
SUPPLEMENTAL EFFECTS OF GRADED LEVELS OF CASSAVA FOLIAGE ON THE UTILIZATION OF GROUNDNUT HAULMS BY SHEEP
Authors: Fasae Oladapo Ayokunle , Awolola O.O. , Hosu D.D.
Published: December 2023

The use of cassava foliage in Nigeria as a low cost supplemental nitrogen to crop residues generally characterized by low nutrient levels has assisted microbial protein synthesis in the rumen of ruminant animals. The effects of the supplementation of groundnut haulms (GH) with graded levels of cassava foliage (CFL) at 0, 10, 20 and 30% on the performance of the West African dwarf (WAD) breed of sheep with average body weight of 13.20 ± 0.34kg were evaluated in a complete randomized design in a 90 day experiment. Data were obtained on feed intake, weight gain, digestibility and haematological parameters. Results showed that CFL supplementation of GH had a positive effect (P<0.05) on dry matter (DM) intake and weight gain of sheep. Sheep supplemented with 20% CFL showed better DM intake (455.74g/day), weight gain (45.24g/day) and feed conversion ratio (9.96). Digestibility values for dry matter and crude protein increased (P<0.05) with an increase with the inclusion levels of CFL in the diets but similar values observed in 20 and 30% CFL supplemental diets. Higher (P<0.05) values were observed in packed cell volume, haemoglobin concentration and red blood cell counts of sheep supplemented with graded levels of CFL. It was however concluded that the supplementation of groundnut haulms with cassava foliage offered sheep a better plane of nutrition, thereby supporting higher growth rates with sheep supplemented with 20% CFL inclusion levels having the best feed intake, digestibility and weight gain.
ORTA ÇAĞ ALMANYASI’NDA KADIN MANASTIRLARI
Authors: ÇETİN ÜNAL Banu
Published: December 2023

Orta Çağ Avrupası’nda genel olarak baktığımızda erkek egemen bir kültürün var olduğu görülmektedir. Bu erkek egemen kültürde kadınlar ikincil bir konumda olmuşlar ve bir şekilde ayakta kalabilmek için çabalamışlardır. Bu noktada kadın manastırları onlar için güvenilir bir sığınak olmuştur. Kadın manastırlarının en yoğun olduğu bölgelerden birisi de Almanya’dır. Orta Çağ Almanyası’nda birçok kadın manastırı kurulmuş, öyle ki bazı bölgelerde erkekler için kurulan manastırlardan daha fazla kadın manastırları kurulduğu söylenebilir. Bu kadın manastırlarında kadınlar farklı alanlarda eğitim alma olanağına sahip olmuşlardır. Aslında bu manastırlar kadınlar için sadece bir sığınak değil aynı zamanda bir eğitim kurumuydu. Alman kadın manastırları arasında Gandersheim, Quedlinburg, Essen ve Helfta gibi manastırlar özellikle dikkat çekmektedir. Ayrıca bu kadın manastırlarında daha sonraki dönemlerde adlarından söz ettirecek önemli isimler de yetişmiştir. Bu kadınlar başarılı çalışmalara imza atarak birçok kadına örnek olmuşlardır. Aslında onlar erkek egemen kültürde var olabilmeyi başarmış kadınlardı. Onlar kadının ikincil konumda olduğu bir dönemde bir yazar, bir şair ya da bir baş rahibe olarak yöneticilik sıfatıyla ön plana çıkmayı başarabilmiş önemli isimlerdir. Bu kadınlar tüm baskı ve kısıtlamalara rağmen kadınların başarılı olabileceklerini herkese göstermişlerdir. Çalışmamızda hem bir sığınak olarak hem de eğitim merkezi olarak hizmet eden Alman manastırlarının özellikleri ve bu manastırlarda yetişen kadınların başarılarından bahsedeceğiz.
De novo designing of novel drug-like inhibitors of aldose reductase
Authors: Gautam Priyadarshi , Bisht Priya , Verma Sant Kumar
Published: December 2023

Aldose reductase (AR, ALR2) is a member of the aldo-keto reductase superfamily. It is the first and rate-limiting enzyme of the polyol pathway. AR plays an essential role in the development of diabetic complications. It is designated as the most legitimate target for managing diabetic complications. One of the key challenges to the successful development of target-specific AR inhibitors is target selectivity. In this research, target-specific drug-like ALR2 inhibito
Cosmetics regulations and standardization guidelines
Authors: Mishra Lopamudra , Das Kurmi Balak
Published: December 2023

Cosmetics are products used for enhancing or maintaining the appearance of the human body. They include skincare, haircare, fragrances, and personal hygiene products. While cosmetics can provide various benefits, they may also pose risks to consumers’ health and safety. As a result, many countries have established regulatory bodies to ensure the safety and efficacy of cosmetic products. Regulatory bodies are responsible for setting and enforcing standards for cosmetic products to protect consumers from potential harm. They evaluate the safety and effectiveness of ingredients used in cosmetics and establish guidelines for labeling, advertising, and packaging. Some of the major regulatory bodies that oversee cosmetics include the US Food and Drug Administration, the European Commission, and Health Canada. Regulatory bodies typically require cosmetic manufacturers to conduct safety assessments on their products and ingredients before they can be marketed to consumers. These assessments involve evaluating the potential toxicity, skin irritation, and other potential risks associated with the product or ingredient. Regulatory bodies also conduct postmarket surveillance to monitor adverse reactions and to ensure that products continue to meet safety and quality standards. Furthermore, regulatory bodies play a crucial role in ensuring that cosmetics are safe and effective for consumers. The regulations and guidelines they establish help to protect consumers from potential health risks associated with cosmetic products. The important regulatory frameworks governing cosmetic and herbal cosmetic products in various areas and nations have been briefly summarized in this chapter. It is crucial to follow these rules to guarantee product safety and safeguard customer interests. Companies need to keep aware as the cosmetics industry develops and reacts to the shifting regulatory environment.
Um bando de lobos solitários:
Authors: Costa Thiago
Published: December 2023

Este artigo analisa a aparente crise de masculinidades na cultura Sigma brasileira através de memes de internet. A cultura Sigma se destaca pela rejeição das normas sociais convencionais e pelo respeito pelas tradições, frequentemente associada à perspectiva Red Pill. O discurso desse grupo, muitas vezes altamente misógino, é ocasionalmente disfarçado por meio de memes, tornando-o facilmente compartilhável. Realizou-se uma análise crítica de conteúdo visual dos memes, combinando análise crítica de imagens com contextualização cultural, focando na prática visual. A pesquisa concentrou-se na hashtag #redpillbrasil e nas contas do Instagram @brazilian_sigma e @wojakemes_sigma para identificar temas e discursos culturais. Os resultados evidenciam que a percepção de tal crise se expressa como uma mentalidade Sigma, promovendo misoginia, antifeminismo, nacionalismo e valores convencionais.
Uma gincana para conversar sobre gênero e mídia com crianças
Authors: Hansen Fábio , Guimarães Luiza
Published: December 2023

A dissertação “Sonhe Alto, Princesa: Discursos sobre Gênero e Infância na Região de Curitiba” conversou com crianças de 5 a 9 anos de diferentes realidades socioeconômicas acerca do discurso sobre gênero na mídia infantil. Não buscamos falar sobre crianças, mas com elas, trazendo-as para o processo de pesquisa. Para tanto, foi necessário criar uma metodologia de pesquisa lúdica que atendesse a coleta do material de pesquisa, a análise e o compartilhamento dos resultados com as crianças. Com o objetivo de ressaltar a importância do lúdico para acessibilidade das pesquisas acadêmicas, apresentamos um relato do processo de pesquisa, apontando como o lúdico possibilitou a inclusão das crianças e atraiu a atenção de adultos sem vínculo acadêmico com a Comunicação.
Predictive Fraud Detection: An Intelligent Method for Internet of Smart Grid Things Systems
Authors: Bastos Lucas , Martins Bruno , Santos Hugo , Medeiros Iago , Eugênio Paulo , Marques Leonardo , Rosário Denis , Nogueira Eduardo , Cerqueira Eduardo , Kreutz Márcio , Neto Augusto
Published: December 2023

Today, grid resilience as a feature has become non-negotiable, significantly when power interruptions can impact the economy. The widespread popularity of Intelligent Electronic Devices (IED) operating as smart meters enables an immense amount of fine-grained electricity consumption data to be collected. However, risk can still exist in the Smart Grid (SG), as valuable data are exchanged among SG systems; theft or alteration of this data could violate consumer privacy. The Internet of Things for Smart Grid (IoSGT) is a promising ecosystem of different technologies that coordinate with each other to pave the way for new SG applications and services. As a use case of IoSGT for future SG applications and services, fraud detection, ıNon-technical losses (NTL), emerges as an important application for Smart Grid (SG) scenarios. A substantial amount of electrical energy is lost throughout the distribution system, and these losses are divided into two types: technical and non-technical. Non-technical losses (NTL) are any electrical energy consumed and not invoiced. They may occur due to illegal connections, issues with energy meters such as delay in the installation or reading errors, contaminated, defective, or non-adapted measuring equipment, very low valid consumption estimates, faulty connections, and disregarded customers. Non-technical losses are the primary cause of revenue loss in the SG. According to a recent study, electrical utilities lose $89.3 Billion per year due to non-technical losses. This article proposes ensemble predictor-based time series classifiers for NTL detection. The proposed predictor ministers the user’s energy consumption as a data input for classification, from splitting the data to executing the classifier.It encompasses the temporal aspects of energy consumption data during preprocessing, training, testing, and validation stages. The suggested predictor is Time Series (TS) oriented, from data splitting to the classifier’s performance. Overall, our best results have been recorded in the fraud detection-based time series classifiers (TSC) model scoring an improvement in the empirical performance metrics by 10% or more over the other developed models.
Thoracoabdominal Flaps for Breast Reconstruction: Different Types and Classification
Authors: A. Moretti Ernesto
Published: December 2023

The thoracoabdominal flaps allow the closure thoracic defects with a lower technical difficulty and morbidity compared to remote flaps. In mammary oncological reconstructive surgery, they were used primarily as fasciocutaneous flaps for patients with locally advanced breast cancer (T3 and T4 tumors) that require large skin resections and a fast and effective coverage of the thoracic defect. In recent years, they have resurged as a therapeutic option to solve postoperative complications due to ischemia and skin necrosis with exposure of tissue expanders or breast implants. The increase in the practice of risk-reducing mastectomies (RRM) has led to areas of small skin suffering or necrosis that require local flaps to solve the complication. It is in these indications, where these flaps have an optimal application. In the present study, the thoracoabdominal flaps are presented as a very useful reconstructive technique to cover skin defects in breast surgery complications. A classification is presented to clarify these fasciocutaneous flaps, as well as examples of their applications.
Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plasmodium Parasites
Authors: Muhammad Ismail
Published: December 2023

Understanding the cellular and molecular biology of any infectious agent is the mainstay of its successful prevention and control. Therefore, in this review, various aspects of the cellular and molecular biology of the Plasmodium parasite were critically reviewed. Plasmodium parasite is characterized by the presence of three different invasive forms (Sporozoites, Merozoites, and Ookine/Oocyte), which are morphologically and genetically distinct. The size of the Plasmodium genome, which comprises nuclear, plastid, and mitochondrial genomes ranges in size from 20 to 35 megabase (Mb) with 23 million bases, which translate into 7132 genes in Plasmodium ovale and 5507 in Plasmodium falciparum. Plasmodium species are found to be the most AT-rich genome (80%), and their GC% contents are merely less than 20%. Gametocytogenesis indicates the commencement of the sexual development, which is regulated by signal transduction and expression of genes such as Pfs16, Pf14.744, Pf14.748, Pfpeg3/mdv1, and Pfpeg4. In these stages, only 20% of all Plasmodial genes are expressed.
The new national literacy tests for post-primary students in Aotearoa New Zealand: How process and design issues undermine principles of a strong and fair qualification
Authors:   Independent Researcher, Franken Margaret
Published: December 2023

From 2026 in Aotearoa New Zealand, post-primary school students will be required to achieve new literacy standards in reading and writing through national standardised tests called Common Assessment Activities or CAAs. The CAAs, in their pilot phase, are revealing dire results and fundamental flaws. This paper discusses the results of three pilot events in 2021 and 2022 trialling the CAAs and suggests some factors that are likely to have played a part in influencing the results – particularly for English Language Learners (ELLs), Realm nations’ students, Pasifika, and Māori students. These factors include conceptual or construct issues, as well as test design, marking, and administration issues. This unfair assessment is also inequitable because it has been positioned as a co-requisite for New Zealand’s senior years’ qualification, the National Certificate of Educational Achievement (NCEA), thus effectively trumping other measures of school achievement. The paper suggests that if testing is to continue, the New Zealand Qualifications Authority (NZQA) and the Ministry of Education should rethink not only the design, marking and management of the tests to make them a fairer, more valid and reliable process, but also the tests’ standing as a co-requisite for senior years’ qualification.
Deyrolle de père en fils, entre science et commerce, une vitrine parisienne de l’Histoire naturelle au xixe siècle
Authors: FAURE Martine
Published: December 2023

Deyrolle est le nom d’une grande famille de naturalistes du xixe siècle qui nous est familier, mais n’a jamais fait l’objet d’une étude sur ses activités et ses apports aux sciences de la nature. Et pourtant, sur trois générations, les membres de cette famille nous donnent une large vision du milieu des naturalistes au xixe siècle. En premier lieu nous parlerons de Jean-Baptiste Deyrolle et de trois de ses fils : Achille, Narcisse et Henri, puis des trois enfants d’Achille : Hortense, Émile et Théophile. Il est parfois difficile de distinguer les activités de chacun tant ils sont complémentaires. Tour à tour explorateurs, marchands naturalistes, collectionneurs, savants, éditeurs, illustrateurs, vulgarisateurs, ils ont été des acteurs influents du milieu naturaliste à Paris au xixe siècle. Quatre d’entre eux sont partis explorer des régions lointaines (Brésil méridional, Gabon, Caucase et Anatolie orientale) encore très mal connues des européens, dans le but d’inventorier le monde vivant et d’en rapporter des spécimens de la faune et de la flore. Ils ont été actifs dans diverses sociétés savantes naturalistes et ont contribué aux tentatives d’acclimatation en France de nouvelles espèces végétales et animales. Par leurs activités de taxidermie et de préparation d’animaux exotiques, ils ont fait découvrir la faune du monde entier au grand public des musées européens. Ils ont été des entomologistes reconnus, certains ont chassé, d’autres ont collectionné, vendu, échangé, expertisé, étudié, illustré, colorisé des milliers d’Insectes. Ils ont joué un rôle majeur dans la constitution de collections entomologiques patrimoniales et ont laissé une empreinte forte dans la taxonomie entomologique. Ils se sont aussi intéressés à l’entomologie appliquée et se sont impliqués dans de grandes causes nationales comme la lutte contre la destruction des cultures par le Doryphore et l’introduction de nouvelles espèces de vers à soie pour sauver la sériciculture. Ils ont dominé le marché parisien pour tout ce qui concernait l’Histoire naturelle, ils ont œuvré pour fournir les établissements scientifiques en spécimens divers et rares, élaborer des outils et des produits afin de répondre aux besoins des collectionneurs amateurs et professionnels. Ils se sont même investis dans la mode de leur temps en confectionnant des parures en plumes pour chapeaux et des bijoux en Insectes. Ils ont été lauréats de grandes manifestations internationales, notamment des Expositions universelles qui ont marqué leur siècle. En éditant des revues et des ouvrages de vulgarisation, en créant des tableaux pédagogiques pour les établissements scolaires, ils ont initié des générations d’écoliers à la connaissance de la nature. Au service de la science et de l’enseignement de la nature, ils ont occupé une place centrale dans l’édition naturaliste et la diffusion des connaissances.
Memahami Konsep Emosi dan Konsep Diri Siswa dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Pembelajaran
Authors: Habsy Bakhrudin All , Zahra Kevina Firdaus Az , Sholikah Erika Badriyahtus , Salma Tania
Published: December 2023

Understanding the role of emotions and self-concept in learning is key to improving the learning process and personal development.The purpose of this study is to determine the concept of emotions and self-concept that affect learning.The method used is a literature study, with the method of collecting library data, reading, recording, and processing research materials.These aspects of self-concept can influence and interact with each other. Emotions and self-concept are not separate in learning. Strong or recurrent emotions can affect a student's self-concept. Conversely, a negative self-concept can affect a student's emotions. In their development, humans have learned social and emotional skills since infancy, where the learning can be obtained from the family environment.With the role of parents and teachers, students get the support they need in the development of healthy emotions and a strong self-concept in themselves.
Teori Belajar Humanistik serta Penerapannya dalam Pembelajaran
Authors: Habsy Bakhrudin All , Nashihah Durrotun , Atsila Butsaina Altaf
Published: December 2023

Not just a means of knowledge transformation, but the learning process of humanistic education is part of developing human values. This research uses a literature study method with a descriptive qualitative research type with library research which seeks to describe the role of humanistic learning theory and its application in learning. The theory of humanism, which was initiated by key figures such as Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers, has the main goal of encouraging human self-development towards autonomous self-actualization. The implementation of humanistic theory in education includes forming students with noble character, motivating students to learn actively, and creating an environment that supports students' positive self-development. The main aim of education by applying humanistic learning theory is to humanize humans.
The Role Of Pancasila Values In Dealing With The Rise Of Terrorism And Radicalism
Authors: Fadiahturahmah Dinda , Raihan Muhammad , Nur Indah Berliani Siti Chodijah , Candraningtyas Darsono Putri Haibah , Yuniarto Bambang
Published: December 2023

Acts of terrorism mean using violence or the danger of violence and raising concerns with mass casualties and causing damage to public facilities. Meanwhile, radicalism is a view that has the hope to make a fundamental change in sync using their ideological interpretation or existing social reality. Acts of terrorism in the form of radicalism must be very contrary to the values of the Pancasila of the Almighty Godhead, balanced and moral humanity and also Indonesian agreement. With this act of terrorism, it can attribute the hialang values of Pancasila to the Indonesian nation. Terrorism is understanding that the use of violent methods and raising concerns is a legitimate method to achieve the mission (Muhammad ali Sya' faat, 2003). Initially, terrorism was categorized as a mistake to the country (Crime Against State) but gradually grew as a mistake to humanity (Crime Against Humanity). Terrorism has many characteristics, one of the characteristics of terrorism is the enthusiasm of religious radicalism. Religious radical teams are also suspected of using terror methods to achieve their interests. Terrorism and radicalism are acts of guilt that greatly affect the security and perfection of the Indonesian nation. The factors that become factors are numerous. But that's the case, whatever the factor, terrorism consistently makes people very vulnerable. As the basis of the country, Pancasila cites its significant contribution to overcoming and experiencing gossip and criminal acts of terrorism. The implementation of Pancasila values can avoid the formation of terrorism, because the values contained in it are very contrary to the radical view of life
The Effect of Work-Life Balance And Job Embeddedness On Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction
Authors: Akbar Mashudi Prima , Erdiansyah Rezi
Published: December 2023

Good governance requires improving the bureaucracy that understands the various desires of the community, especially related to public services, so that the Human Resources (HR) of the government apparatus have an important role in achieving Good Governance. The emergence of disparities in behavior that prioritizes individual or group tasks, different acceptance if there are additional tasks outside of their basic duties, objections if required to work outside working hours indicate that there are still problems related to organizational citizenship behavior. The purpose of this study is to determine the direct influence of work-life balance and job embeddedness on organizational citizenship behavior, as well as the indirect influence of work-life balance and job embeddedness on organizational citizenship behavior through job satisfaction of civil servants at the Directorate General of Intellectual Property. The research method used was quantitative research using survey techniques and questionnaires on civil servants of the Directorate General of Intellectual Property with a sample of 235 respondents. Data analysis using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS v.3.2.9 software. The results showed that work-life balance and job embeddedness had a positive and significant direct influence on organizational citizenship behavior and a positive and significant indirect influence through job satisfaction
صيغ التمويل والاستثمار في نظام الوقف
Authors: HELAL Mohamed Gamal Elsaıd
Published: December 2023

أصبح عند المعنين بالاقتصاد والتمويل أساسًا في تعريفاتهم أن الوقف مورد اقتصادي مهم، يسهم في إعادة ترتيب العلاقات المالية بين أفراد المجتمع، حيث أن المفهوم العام للوقف لا يعني تجميد رأس المال والثروة وحبسها عن الانتفاع الاقتصادي، بل هو مصدر اقتصادي يهدف إلى توليد دخل مستمر، مع تفعيل الدورة الاقتصادية داخل البلاد، ومعالجة المشاكل الاقتصادية للأفراد والمجتمعات، وإلا أصبح الوقف كنزاً للمال وحبساً للنشاط الاقتصادي نهى عنه الإسلام، ومن هنا يمكن توجيه أموال الوقف من خلال صيغ التمويل والاستثمار الناتج الذي يثمر وينمي الدخل للمؤسسات الوقفية، والتي تعمل على تمويل مشاريع ذوي الأفكار وأصحاب الخبرات والتخصصات في المجالات المختلفة –خاصة المجالات التي تحتجها الأمة الآن كالعلوم والمشاريع المتقدمة أو مجالات التأثير كالإعلام والوعي والثقافة – وهذه الأهداف والمؤسسات تحتاج لوقف متجدد أُوقفت أمواله للنمو ووُضع شرطها على الدوام وعدم الإهلاك لأصولها المالية الموقوفة حتى لا تضيع وتتوقف ويهلكها الدهر، فوجب بذلك أن تكون متجددة ومستثمرة بما يزيد الربح والانتاج ويقاوم التضخم والغلاء الذي تواجه المجتمعات أيضاً، ليضمن بذلك استمرار الوقف، فمع الاستثمار استمرار، ومع الصيغ الحديثة تجديد ونفع ينعكس على الإنتاج بالزيادة، وكل ذلك يتم عن طريق صيغ التمويل والاستثمار الوقفية، سواء كانت مستندة على عقود الشركات أم عقود البيع أم عقود التأجير، ليمضي الوقف بنفعه ولا يهلك ماله، ويتبدد، ويزول معه النفع الذي أوقف من أجله، وهذا كله لابد أن تكون الاستثمارات الوقفية وفق شرط الواقف بأي جهة من الجهات المباشرة والغير مباشرة، كما أنها لابد أن تراعي الواقع الاستثماري وأفضل أوجه الربحية في هذا العصر، وقد طرحت في هذا البحث نموذج الاستثمار في الدعاية والتجارة الالكترونية كنموذج معاصر، ومن هنا لا يغفل شرط الواقف في تحديد هذه الصيغ واستثمارها الأمثل في مجالات بالطبع تدخل في باب الحلال الذي أحله الله وليست متروكة بلا شرط ولا شرع ولذا افردت مطلباً حول شرط الواقف في هذه الصيغ التمويلية الاستثمارية لنخلص في النهاية إلي ضرورة اختيار صيغ الاستثمار الأمثل التي تتناسب مع كل وقف في هذا العصر ووفق شرط الواقف لهذا المال الموقوف والمستثمر.
THE CENTRIFUGAL AND CENTRIPETAL FORCE OF MISSION: EXEGETICAL INSIGHTS ON THE GOSPELS
Authors: Hanc Ovidiu
Published: December 2023

The role of the Holy Spirit in Mission is twofold: centripetal and centrifugal. The centripetal role reflects the attractive force that the Holy Spirit performs by bringing people into the Kingdom, while the centrifugal force reflects the outward move in which the Holy Spirit empowers the believers to expand the Kingdom of God by taking the Gospel to all men. The Great Commission is simultaneously a call to mission in the sense of fulfilling the centrifugal mandate of bringing Christ to non-believers, and a centripetal mandate of drawing non-believers to Christ. This paper exegetes some key passages in order to highlight this twofold theological and missional aspect.
Lithofacies Study of Bai Hassan Formation Sequence (Upper Pliocene) in Bekheir Anticline, Zakho Area Northern Iraq
Authors: Al-Hassan Aizadeen , Al-Tarif Abdulsalam , Hassan Faris
Published: December 2023

The current study included the Bai Hassan Formation (Upper Bakhtiari) in the Zakho area of northern Iraq. Depending on the grain size class, structures, degree of rounding, sorting, and some other detailed field observations. This formation was divided into eleven lithofacies which are matrix-supported conglomerate, clast-supported conglomerate, laminated sandstone, sandy gravel, planar cross-bedded conglomerate, interbedded siltstone-mudstone, gravely sandstone, interbedded sandstone-conglomerate, lime matrix-supported conglomerate, and caliche lithofacies. These lithofacies are distributed into six coarsening-upward cycles consisting of complete and incomplete cycles, and these lithofacies include sedimentary structures such as imbrication pebbles, bedding plain, load cast, and gravely cross-bedding. The environment of the Bai Hassan Formation represents conjunctive alluvial fan with possible internal lake environments. The study includes the determination of source areas such as sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic rocks.
Mapping Raw Material for Brick Industries Utilizing Electrical Resistivity, Induced Polarization, and Geotechnical Properties in Kurdistan Region, Northeast Iraq
Authors: Aziz Bakhtiar , Hamaamin Hawker
Published: December 2023

Electrical Resistivity and Induced Polarization Imaging (ERI and IPI) techniques are selected as non-destructive procedures, which provide continuous imaging of the subsurface. Recently, the demand has increased for obtaining raw materials that represent a more suitable and economical quantity of clay mass for brick industries. This is because of the unexpected expansion of cities and rising demand for brick materials due to their excellent characteristics of resisting earthquakes and isolation. The present study aims to delineate the extensions of the economic layer used for brick’s raw material in Sulaymaniyah Province. For this purpose, the ERT and IPI integrated with physical and geochemical analyses were carried out in three separate locations nominated as 1, 2, and 3. The ERI and IPI survey was conducted in these locations by using a Wenner-Schlumberger array with electrode spacing equal to 5 meters. The 2D data were processed, interpreted, and modified to depth view as 3D estimations for each location. The resistivity range of clay for the brick industry was revealed according to the 2D ERI model of the Aso brick quarry and the suitability of this clay was assessed depending on geotechnical parameters, chemical composition, and mineralogical analysis. It is found that the resistivity values of clay range between 7 and 11 Ωm and silty clay from 11 and 13 Ωm, which are suitable for the brick industry. Additionally, the three locations are suitable for clay or silty clay and locations 1 and 2 are economically acceptable since the clay (or silty clay) layer is exposed to the surface. There is an economic quantity in the three surveyed locations estimated as approximately 240000, 330000, and 160000 m3 for locations 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Further, the IP survey is found to be the most suitable technique used with ERI to indicate the exact boundary of clay mass due to its high capability of electrical storage. The most optimal amount of the chargeability of suitable clay layers is found as equal to more than 5 mV/V and silty clay from 0.9 to 5 mV/V.
Preparing Environmental Isotopes Databases for Determining Groundwater and Surface Water Relationships in Iraq
Authors: Falih Ali , Mohammed Amer , Al-paruany Kamal , Al Maliki Ali , Jasm Ali , Mahmood Ansam , Abed Zainab
Published: December 2023

This study is prepared to constitute an isotopic database of Deuterium (δ2H) and Oxygen 18 (δ18O) for groundwater and its relationship with the isotopic footprint for surface water The 311 samples of groundwater were collected between 2013 and 2021 and analyzed using a Liquid-Water Isotope Analyzer (LWIA). The study covered different regions of Iraq, including the Western region (Al-Anbar), Northern region (Kirkuk), Central Region (Samarra, Shirqat, Khanaqin, Baghdad, Karbala, Najaf, Diyala), and Southern region (Samawah، Nasiriya, Diwaniyah, Basra). In addition, the 208 surface water samples were collected from different sources including (the Tigris, Euphrates, Diyala, and Shatt Al-Arab) rivers during the same period. The isotopic measurements showed a linear relationship between the two stable isotopes (δ18O, δ2H) with a slope of 7.38 and an excessive deuterium reach to (-9.4597) compared with the excessive value of the domestic rain line of (14.15). It is defined according to the local meteoric water line equation (LMWL δ2H = 7.7035 * δ18O + 14.158), which characterized a fingerprint of groundwater and showed the impact of the climate on it. The study showed a significant interaction between groundwater and surface water of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in the Southern region of Iraq, due to the aquifers in these areas being close to the surface, with depth ranges between (6 – 40 m), and high porosity that simulative of the sedimentary plain characterization. The samples of these areas calculated the highest and the lowest value for δ2H of (12.04‰) and (-36.14‰) respectively. A similar result was found in the western regain. This region recorded the highest value of δ2H (-4.42‰) and the lowest value (-42.2‰), the depth of the wells ranged between (2 – 22 m), which explains the relationship between the groundwater and the Euphrates River. However, the study indicated that the wells in Diyala Governorate, have depth ranges between (10 – 70 m) and were not affected by rainwater or Diyala River, with the highest and lowest value for δ2H of (4.66‰), (-38.54‰), respectively. On the other hand, the highest and lowest values of δ2H were recorded in the Khanaqin area with a value of (-13.48‰) and (-32.67‰) respectively.
Geschlecht und Wortbildung. Zur Motion im Sorbischen
Authors: Menzel Thomas
Published: December 2023

Geschlecht und Wortbildung. Zur Motion im Sorbischen
Anhand einer Stichprobe aus chronologisch angelegten Wörterbuchreihen beider sorbi­scher Sprachen wird untersucht, wie weit genuspaarige Personenbezeichnungen in der Lexikografie des Sorbischen verbreitet sind. Relativ einheitlich behandelte Personenbe­zeichnungen wie Orts- und Einwohnernamen, geschlechtsspezifische nomina attributiva und pejorative/emotionale Ausdrücke werden einer Restklasse gegenübergestellt, bei der das Auftreten genuspaariger Personenbezeichnungen teilweise willkürlich erscheint. Es zeigt sich, dass der Ausbau genuspaariger Wörterbucheinträge nicht linear erfolgt ist und dass Ober- und Niedersorbisch unter diesem Gesichtspunkt ganz unterschiedliche lexi­kografische Traditionen aufweisen. Überraschend zahlreich sind gegengeschlechtliche Ableitungen bereits in Pfuhls obersorbisch-deutschem Wörterbuch von 1866, was ver­mutlich auf das Vorbild der zeitgenössischen tschechischen oder polnischen Wörter­bücher zurückzuführen ist.
Beiträge zur sorbischen Phonetik und Phonologie. Teil 2 – Zum Lautsystem des Niedersorbischen: Die sekundäre Affrikate  ← *tr
Authors: Jocz Lechosław
Published: December 2023

Beiträge zur sorbischen Phonetik und Phonologie. Teil 2 – Zum Lautsystem des Niedersorbischen: Die sekundäre Affrikate  ← *tr
Der Aufsatz beschäftigt sich mit der Aussprache und dem phonologischen Status von  ← *tr (wie in tšach ‚Angst‘) im Vergleich zu einigen historisch bzw. phonetisch verwandten Lautstrukturen im Niedersorbischen. Es wird akustisch-phonetisch nachge­wiesen, dass diese Struktur neben der Aussprache als eine einfache Affrikate auch deut­lich komplexe Realisationen vom Typ Affrikate + Frikativ und Plosiv + Frikativ aufweist. Folglich wird  ← *tr biphonematisch als /t-ʂ/ interpretiert. Zum Schluss werden ent­sprechende orthoepische Vorschläge formuliert.