bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
First country record of Pseudoathyreus orientalis (Coleoptera: Bolboceratidae: Athyreinae) from Pakistan

Authors: SOMMER DAVID , HRŮZOVÁ LUCIE , KRÁL DAVID
Published: February 2020

Bolboceratidae is a large family of about 600 species (e.g., Schoolmeesters 2019), in the superfamily Scarabaeoidea. Currently, it includes two subfamilies, Athyreinae and Bolboceratinae (e.g., Scholtz & Grebennikov 2016; Nikolajev et al. 2016). The Athyreinae includes five genera and about 130 species from the Afrotropical, Neotropical, Oriental and Palearctic regions (e.g., Schoolmeesters 2019). The genus Pseudoathyreus Howden & Martínez, 1963 contains nine species occurring in Africa and Asia (e.g., Carpaneto et al. 2000; Schoolmeesters 2019). Little is known about the biology of Athyreinae (Scholtz & Grebennikov 2016). Immature stages of this group remain unknown (Grebennikov & Scholtz 2004).
Whitewashed Usnavi: Race, power and representation in In the Heights
Authors: Boffone Trevor
Published: March 2020

This article focuses on questions of race, power and representation in regional productions of Lin-Manuel Miranda and Quiara Alegría Hudes’ 2008 Tony Award-winning musical In the Heights. While issues of representation in In the Heights did not begin in 2016, this article uses the Porchlight Music Theatre production as a point of departure to analyse how the musical became a contentious performance text in the post-Hamilton era. This study focuses on how theatre companies that have not traditionally produced Latinx stories have used In the Heights as an entry-point into the Latinx community and as a way to capitalize from the unprecedented success of Miranda’s Hamilton.
PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI PENGIDERAAN JAUH DI BIDANG PESISIR DAN LAUTAN
Authors: Lubis Muhammad Zainuddin , Gustin Oktavianto , Anurogo Wenang , Kausarian Husnul , Anggraini Kasih , Hanafi Aditya
Published: March 2020

APPLICATIONS OF REMOTE SENSING TECHNOLOGY IN COASTAL AND OCEAN Many remote sensing applications are devoted to the coastal and ocean sector. Representative case studies are presented in the special issue “Advances in Remote Sensing of coastal and ocean”. Remote sensing techniques represent a powerful tool for landslide investigation: applications are traditionally sea surface temperature, marine habitat into three main classes, although this subdivision has some limitations and borders are sometimes fuzzy in coastal and ocean. Remote sensing combined with geographic information system (GIS) can be used as a technology tool to obtain information about the object quickly and accurately, including objects in coastal and ocean areas. Remote sensing data on coastal and marine areas specifically for the region in Indonesia have been widely practiced. The use of remote sensing data and GIS in coastal and marine areas can be used to determine sea surface temperature, determination of fish catchment area, and coastline morphological changes by adding other influential parameters. It can also be used to monitor a regional change by using multi-temporal recording data such as disaster monitoring, monitoring of land cover changes in coastal areas etc. Remote sensing data essentially can be used as an alternative technology in obtaining information at a cheaper cost when compared with the conventional way.
John Rawls' Theory of Justice Applied to Sustainable Development
Authors: Farias Athena de Albuquerque
Published: February 2020

Sustainable development is a systemic concept, which aims at global development together with the concern with the preservation of nature. This study aims to apply the Rawlsian Theory into sustainable development. Considerations seems to allow that, with the collaboration of society in an egalitarian and cooperative way, it is possible to mitigate or overcome existing environmental challenges. The present study it presents a new aspect capable of helping in the solution and management of environmental issues currently faced globally.  Keywords: Sustainable development; John Rawls; Global challenges.
Hirschsprung's Disease in a young adult and its treatment with Videolaparoscopy Aid: Case Report
Authors: Maia Filho Pedro Hugo Bezerra , Magalhães Bráulio Filgueira , Sá George Wallisson Severo de , Mascarenha Whallyson Pinheiro
Published: February 2020

Hirschsprung's disease is a pathology characterized by the absence of ganglion cells in a variable segment of the large intestine, producing mainly the symptom of constipation and is usually diagnosed until the first year of life. We report the case of a young adult patient diagnosed at 18 years old with Hirschsprung disease with symptoms of constipation and involuntary fecal loss since the age of 5 years and who underwent videolaparoscopic surgical treatment by the Duhamel-Haddad technique, evolving with significant improvement in postoperative symptoms. This result demonstrates that the videolaparoscopic technique is feasible. Keywords: Hirschsprung's disease; Megacolon Aganglionic; Constipation; Laparoscopy; Penetrating wound.
Análise da Evolução e Crescimento do Setor Farmacêutico no Brasil / Analysis of the Evolution and Growth of the Pharmaceutical Sector in Brazil
Authors: Souza Paulo Cézar da Silva , Gomes Filho Antoniel Dos Santos
Published: March 2020

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo geral identificar as estratégias utilizadas pelo setor farmacêutico para alavancar suas vendas e potencializar o setor. Especificamente visou identificar as principais estratégias de gestão comercial que auxiliem no crescimento do setor, apontar as vantagens oferecidas mediante as estratégias estabelecidas, além de apresentar os resultados obtidos através da pesquisa. O estudo consistiu de uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre o conceito da evolução do setor farmacêutico, posteriormente apresentadas às informações e descritas de maneira que viesse a contribuir para uma apresentação eficiente e clara em relação aos resultados. Diante do exposto, considera-se que o setor farmacêutico é fundamental para a sociedade, destacando a responsabilidade que empresas e profissionais dessa área precisam obter para funcionarem e trabalharem no mercado diante do enorme crescimento do setor. Também se destaca o grande investimento que é necessário para alavancar esse setor, mediante compra de produtos, equipamentos, além da capacitação dos profissionais.
Sociedade, Currículo e Novas Tecnologias: Desafios Educacionais na Era da Informação / Society, Curriculum and New Technologies: Educational Challenges in the Information Age
Authors: Santos Rosineia Oliveira dos , Araújo Luis Fernando Ferreira de , Pereira Ely Roberto De Souza , Lucas Gilmar Afonso de
Published: February 2020

Temos como objetivo compreender o currículo educacional voltado para as novas tecnologias. Como problema de pesquisa temos porque com as novas tecnologias é necessário um novo modelo de currículo educacional? cada vez mais são formados profissionais na área da educação, com um currículo ultrapassado e esses profissionais, sem conhecimento, acessam sistemas de ensino totalmente voltado para fins tecnológicos. Devemos disponibilizar e instruir nossos educadores para este fim, uma vez que essa área é uma das que mais crescem no mundo. Utilizamos como metodologia, a pesquisa bibliográfica tendo como base, os artigos que foram publicados na base de dados da CAPES. Com esse método, verificamos quantos trabalhos foram publicados em revistas científicas que abordam a temática (novas tecnologias, currículo educacional e sociedade do conhecimento) a partir de 2010. Por fim, pretendemos responder as inquietações levantadas e também discutir novas abordagens de implementação curricular.
A ideologia nacional-socialista: o revisionismo e o nazismo de esquerda / The national-socialist ideology: the revisionism and the left-wing nazism
Authors: Medeiros Gabriel Saldanha Lula de
Published: February 2020

Em virtude da popularização de textos em diversos sites e em redes sociais colocando o nazismo como uma ideologia de esquerda, contrariando parte considerável da historiografia séria produzida desde o fim da Segunda Guerra Mundial, este artigo tem como objetivo elucidar a seguinte questão: “o nazismo era uma ideologia de direita ou de esquerda?”. Para isso, serão trazidos argumentos encontrados em sites que defendem o ponto de vista revisionista e, em seguida, serão discutidos vários aspectos da doutrina hitlerista com base em uma revisão bibliográfica de cunho qualitativo, desde a ideologia em si até as ações do Partido Nazista enquanto este esteve no poder, a fim de examinar a posição do nacional-socialismo no espectro político-ideológico. Por fim, conclui-se que as premissas revisionistas são rasas, na maioria das vezes infundadas, podendo servir como mero recurso retórico de conservadores e grupos direitistas.
A História, a Dor e o Sofrimento de Mulheres diagnosticadas com Câncer: Uma Revisão Sistemática / The History, Pain and Suffering of Cancer diagnosed Women: A Systematic Review
Authors: Brito Eulina Alves Sousa , Feitosa Pedro Walisson Gomes , Felix Esther Barbosa Gonçalves , Moreira Jorge Lucas De Sousa , Gurgel Lucineide Coqueiro , Santana Willma José de
Published: February 2020

O adoecimento biológico tende a ser intensificado por vieses impostos nos quadrantes psicossociais. As consequências emocionais reverberantes em mulheres acometidas por câncer são recorrentes e necessitam de assistência adequada visando sua reintegração familiar e social, assim como sua adaptação à uma nova realidade. Assim, surge a preocupação quanto os sentimentos que circundam a existências de mulheres diagnosticadas com câncer, uma vez que sua história de vida e seu ambiente psicossocial interferem diretamente em sua reação e enfretamento deste momento. Logo, este trabalho tem por objetivo realizar uma pesquisa de revisão sistemática da literatura dos últimos cinco anos quanto a história, a dor e o sofrimento de mulheres diagnosticadas com câncer. Foi realizada uma busca nas bases de dados da PUBMED e BVS, a partir das palavras-chave (MeSH): “Psychosocial” , “Women” e “Cancer”. Em seguida, os trabalhos foram submetidos ao protocolo PRISMA para revisões sistemáticas. Foram identificados 362 artigos, sendo selecionados apenas 7 na amostra final após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão do protocolo de pesquisa. Os estudos mostraram que as mulheres diante da notícia do diagnóstico se sentem aflitas, comumente recebem apoio da família e buscam algum apoio religioso para lidar com o diagnóstico do câncer de mama. Além disso, os resultados falso-positivos também estão associados a prejuízo psicossocial para as mulheres que experimentam níveis de ansiedade, desânimo, efeitos negativos no sono, no comportamento e na vida sexual semelhantes às pacientes que possuem um diagnóstico verídico.
Diagnóstico de Câncer durante a Gestação: Uma Revisão Integrativa / Cancer Diagnosis During Pregnancy: An Integrative Review
Authors: Brito Eulina Alves Sousa , Feitosa Pedro Walisson Gomes , Vieira Jacyanne Gino , Oliveira Italo Constâncio de , Sousa Carmelita Maria Silva , Santana Willma José de
Published: February 2020

Entre o aumento no número de casos de neoplasias, apresentam-se em destaque as ocorrências em mulheres em idade fértil, as quais denotam sérias consequências em seu futuro reprodutivo. Dentre estas pacientes em idade fértil com diagnóstico de câncer, existe uma pequena, porém relevante, parcela de mulheres que tiveram diagnóstico de câncer durante a gestação ou que, no decorrer do tratamento/seguimento de uma neoplasia, engravidaram. Assim, este trabalho objetiva realizar uma revisão integrativa da literatura dos últimos cinco anos quanto condutas relacionadas ao diagnóstico de câncer durante a gestação. Buscou-se artigos na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS). Foram utilizados os descritores de saúde (DeCS): “Câncer”, Diagnóstico” e “Gestação”. Foram considerados critérios de inclusão artigos em português, inglês e espanhol, disponíveis na íntegra, publicados entre 2014 e 2019. A busca inicial com os descritores identificou 12. 377 artigos. Destes, após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão, 11 foram selecionados como amostra final.  A síntese do conhecimento referenciado nesta revisão integrativa indica que, consoante a literatura analisada, há evidências que a gestação não acelera a evolução do câncer, estando o mau prognóstico relacionado ao estadiamento tardio do tumor. Ainda, os estudos reforçam a importância do diagnóstico precoce, o qual pode contribuir para a melhoria do prognóstico de mulheres com câncer na gravidez. Assim, frisa-se o papel de uma equipe multidisciplinar direcionada ao diagnóstico precoce.
Utilização do Protocolo de Registro Utstein durante as Manobras de Reanimação Cardiopulmonar: Revisão Integrativa / Use of the Utstein Protocol Record during the Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Maneuver: Integrative Review
Authors: Pinheiro Woneska Rodrigues , Moreira Déborah Albuquerque Alves , Pedrosa Hugo Alves , Braga Sara Teixeira , Sena Aline Sampaio Rolim de , Oliveira Giovanna Sales de , Silva Tayne Sales , Viana Maria Corina Amaral
Published: February 2020

O objetivo deste estudo consiste em verificar com base na literatura científica a qualidade do atendimento às vítimas de PCR a partir da utilização do protocolo de registro de Utstein. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, constituída por artigos coletados nas bases de dados: LILACS, BDENF, CINAHL e SciELO, utilizando-se método de busca avançada. Foram encontrados 572 artigos, dos quais 05 foram elegíveis. Observou-se que apesar das anotações de alguns protocolos serem concretas, outros apresentaram escarças ou ausência de informações referentes ao momento da PCR, realização da RCP e pós-PCR, o que dificulta a análise da assistência prestada naquele momento. As conclusões dos estudos refletiram na necessidade de padronização de anotações sobre PCR. Contudo, acredita-se que este estudo venha possibilitar a sociedade discussões sobre a importância da avaliação periódica do conhecimento dos profissionais de saúde sobre as diretrizes da RCP.
Projetos em Votação: Como Votam os Partidos Políticos na Câmara de Vereadores da Cidade de Lapão na Bahia / Voting Projects: How Political Parties Vote at the City of Lapão City Hall in Bahia
Authors: Silva Alvenice Mendes da , Cunha Jáisse Mendes Souza , Tavares Poliana Braga , Santos Marcelo Henrique Pereira dos
Published: February 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo compreender a forma como os partidos políticos votaram em projetos que foram apresentados a Câmara Legislativa Municipal da cidade de Lapão no interior da Bahia durante a legislatura de 2013 a 2016. Ao analisar as votações nominais de projetos na área da saúde, educação e obras públicas que foram discutidos e votados na Câmara procura-se verificar se há disciplina entre os partidos no âmbito das coalizões partidárias formadas ou se decidem de forma independente, mostrando se o Plenário manifesta sua vontade deliberativa de modo democrático ou não. A metodologia usada no artigo foi uma pesquisa quali-quantitativa e de análise empírica.
Valores Organizacionais nas Microempresas / Organizational Values in Microenterprises
Authors: Maia Débora Duarte Corrêa Ferreira , Silva Leinad De Carvalho
Published: February 2020

Este estudo tem como objetivo enfatizar a relevância da elaboração e a transmissão dos valores organizacionais nas Microempresas. Quanto à natureza a pesquisa se caracteriza como descritiva, pois tem a intenção de descrever como ocorre o processo da elaboração e da transmissão dos valores organizacionais, por meio de uma investigação qualitativa. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica, nas quais os achados permitem concluir que os valores organizacionais são relevantes para as Microempresas. Desta maneira, a presente pesquisa contribui com a literatura e a comunidade empresarial acerca da geração de estímulo para as partes organizacionais. Além de clarificar as empresas sobre a necessidade de estabelecer princípios e crenças na expectativa de que estas se tornem únicas, frente aos seus concorrentes.
Mortality Risk in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Results From a Nationwide Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Staller Kyle , Olén Ola , Söderling Jonas , Roelstraete Bjorn , Törnblom Hans , Khalili Hamed , Joshi Amit D. , Nguyen Long H. , Song Mingyang , Kuo Braden , Chan Andrew T. , Ludvigsson Jonas F.
Published: February 2020

INTRODUCTION:

Mortality concern is a frequent driver of care seeking in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Data on mortality in IBS are scarce, and population-based studies have been limited in size. We examined mortality in IBS.

METHODS:

A nationwide, matched, population-based cohort study was conducted in Sweden. We identified 45,524 patients undergoing a colorectal biopsy at any of Sweden's 28 pathology departments and with a diagnosis of IBS from 2002 to 2016 according to the National Patient Register, a nationwide registry of inpatient and outpatient specialty care. We compared the mortality risk between these individuals with IBS and age- and sex-matched reference individuals (n = 217,316) from the general population and siblings (n = 53,228). In separate analyses, we examined the role of mucosal appearance for mortality in IBS. Finally, we examined mortality in 41,427 patients with IBS not undergoing a colorectal biopsy. Cox regression estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for death.

RESULTS:

During follow-up, there were 3,290 deaths in individuals with IBS (9.4/1,000 person-years) compared with 13,255 deaths in reference individuals (7.9/1,000 person-years), resulting in an HR of 1.10 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.05–1.14). After adjustment for confounders, IBS was not linked to mortality (HR = 0.96; 95% CI = 0.92–1.00). The risk estimates were neutral when patients with IBS were compared with their siblings. The underlying mucosal appearance on biopsy had only a marginal impact on mortality, and patients with IBS not undergoing a colorectal biopsy were at no increased risk of death (HR = 1.02; 95% CI = 0.99–1.06).

DISCUSSION:

IBS does not seem to confer an increased risk of death.
The Application of Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function Data to Recognize the Spatial Heterogeneity of Mixed Pixels in Vegetation Remote Sensing: A Simulation Study
Authors: Yan Yanan , Deng Lei , Liu XianLin
Published: February 2020

Spectral decomposition of mixed pixels can provide information about the abundance of end members but fails to indicate the spatial distribution of end members in vegetation remote sensing. This work is a significant attempt to use the bidirectional reflectance distribution function
(BRDF) characteristics of mixed pixels in the prediction of spatial-heterogeneity metrics. Data sets from this function with different spatial distributions were constructed by the discrete anisotropic radiative transfer model, and three spatial aggregation and dispersion
metrics were calculated: percentage of like adjacencies, spatial division index, and aggregation index. A simple linear regression method was used to construct the prediction model of spatial aggregation and dispersion metrics. The potential of multiangle remote sensing model for identifying
spatial patterns well was demonstrated, and its importance was found to differ for different spatial aggregation and dispersion metrics. Specifically, the precision of the model based on multiangle reflectance used for predicting the spatial division index could meet a minimum root mean square
of 5.95%. The reflectance features from backward observation on the principal plane play the leading role in recognizing the spatial heterogeneity of mixed pixels. The prediction model is sufficiently robust to distinguish the same vegetation with different growth trends, but also performs
well when the ground objects have a smaller reflectance difference in the mixed pixels in a certain band. This study is expected to offer a new thought for spatial-heterogeneity identification of ground objects and thus promote the development of remote sensing technology in assessing spatial
distribution.
RISK ASSESSMENT THROUGH CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE ANALYSIS FOR PLANT CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
Authors: Kim Jihye , Choi Jaehyun
Published: February 2020

Although South Korean construction companies have significantly increased their share in the international construction market, the work scope of their projects has been limited to detail design and construction, instead of expanding their market to the earlier phases of project execution. South Korean companies should also expand their capabilities to project management consultancy (PMC), enabling planning and scheduling knowledge to handle various risks associated with each work package. This research involved developing a Unit Activity Sequence Model (USAM) for industrial plant construction projects to minimize project risks. A Standard Sequence Logic Unit was set up to establish the initial scheduling phase of plant projects, and to understand objectively construction flows and the association between construction events, etc. Previous research has a scope that is very limited to specific plants, and it is currently unsatisfactory to understand the flow of overall plant construction. This research is different from other studies busing USAM per work package in the initial planning process, in order to help determine the overall flow. It is based on various references and extensive opinions collected from the schedule management experts as a reason for the lack of case studies. Thus, more research and process-related data collection needs to be added from the experts in various research companies.
ATTITUDES OF CLIENTS TOWARDS UNETHICAL BEHAVIOR IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
Authors: Enshassi Adnan , Al Sweity Ayat
Published: February 2020

This paper investigates the attitudes of clients towards unethical behavior in construction projects in the Gaza Strip. A questionnaire survey was adapted in this study. A total number of 220 questionnaires were distributed to construction projects clients and 162 questionnaires were returned, a 73.6% response rate. The results indicated that most respondents agreed there is a positive relationship between ethical behavior and long-term profitability of construction organizations. The majority of respondents believed improving ethical practice for professionals could improve ethical performance in construction projects, while unethical behavior may decrease quality. Respondents indicated the major difficulty in developing a strong ethical awareness is that unethical behavior is the prevailing trend within the industry. Most organizations have an ethical code of conduct, but there is great difficulty in applying it due to political and economic conditions. Respondents agreed that the most serious phase in the construction project life cycle affected by unethical behavior is the construction phase, followed by the bid evaluation phase.
NATURALLY STRAINED YIELD SURFACE SHAPE ESTIMATED UNDER PRE-DEFORMATION OF TENSION AND TORSION
Authors: Kato Yasuyuki
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the shape of yield surfaces formed under large pre-deformations, based on the Natural Strain theory, and to make clear the mechanism of the development of anisotropy of yield surfaces under large deformations. In particular the shape of yield surfaces obtained after applying the pre-deformation of tension and shear with proportional loading states is examined. Using pure-copper test pieces already pre-deformed, proportional loading tests were carried out again changing the ratio of tension and torsion to determine yield stress in each direction of the stress space. The yield stress was estimated by examining the slope of tangent for the principal deviatoric stress-deviatoric strain curve in proportional loading tests. It was revealed that the shape of the yield surface becomes convex at the side of pre-deformation and becomes flat in the opposite direction of the pre-deformation. Moreover, the shape of the estimated yield surface was compared with the shape of conventional proof stress. Consequently, it became clear that the shapes of both yield surfaces almost coincide at the side of pre-deformation, but on the opposite side, the yield surface by proof stress becomes smaller compared with the estimated yield surface.
PRODUCING LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE AGGREGATE FROM IRAQI ATTAPULGITE
Authors: Qais Jawad F. , Waleed Abdulrazzaq A. , Mahdi Jasim H.
Published: February 2020

This research aimed to produce a type of lightweight concrete aggregate by using available local materials. The lightweight aggregates were produced using methods of sintered strand produced from Iraqi Attapulgite. Clay particle size, firing temperature, and firing soaking time were selected to determine the effectiveness of these parameters on the relative density of produced aggregate. It was found that decreasing particle size has a negative effect, and the optimum firing temperature is 1100°C for 30 minutes. The unit weight density for LWA obtained is about 808 kg/m3, and the relative density is 1.445.
FRACTURE-PROCESS ZONE ANALYSIS OF REINFORCED BARS VERTICAL TO MATRIX CRACKS
Authors: Duan Shujin , Zhang Yanlong , An Ruimei , Guo Quanmin
Published: February 2020

This study focuses on a crack mechanics model—an infinite center-cracked concrete panel with a steel bar across a crack loaded by uniform tensile stress, under which the slip between reinforcement and concrete is neglected and the force produced by the reinforcement is regarded as a centralized force to close the upper and lower surface of the crack. The critical sizes of the fracture process zone (FPZ) are obtained by the use of a power-exponent tensile-strain softening model under the maximum tensile stress criterion and the maximum tensile strain criterion. The results show that the critical sizes of fracture process zone at both crack tips decrease with the increasing steel bar area, but the distance between the reinforcement and the crack tip or the decreasing Poisson ratio increase with the increasing of the tensile-strain softening index.
NON-LINEAR ANALYSIS OF THREE-PINNED CIRCULAR ARCHES
Authors: Pi Yong-Lin , Bradford Mark Andrew , Luo Kai , Gao Wei
Published: February 2020

Because a three-pinned circular arch is statically determinate, when it is subjected to a uniform radial load q, linear in-plane analysis has shown that the uniform load will produce quite simple internal actions: a uniform axial compressive force N = qR and zero-bending moment, where R is the radius of the arch. This is consistent with equations in textbooks for structural mechanics. However, the non-linear behavior and buckling of three-pinned arches are very different from their linear counterparts. The uniform radial load can produce significant bending moments in the three-pinned arches, and the value of the uniform axial compressive force in the three-pinned arches is greater than qR. In addition, it is also shown in this paper that the solutions for the in-plane elastic buckling load of three-pinned arches available in the open literature cannot predict their in-plane buckling loads correctly.
SEISMIC COLLAPSING ANALYSIS OF THREE-STORY WOODEN HOTEL
Authors: Takatani Tomiya , Nishikawa Hayato
Published: February 2020

A 3-D collapsing-process analysis of an old Japanese-style 3-story wooden hotel under strong earthquake ground motions was carried out with three seismic intensity levels to investigate its seismic performance. Three earthquake ground motions were evaluated from three ground boring data around this wooden hotel, using the non-linear amplification characteristics of surface soil layer above the engineering base rock. As a result, this wooden hotel collapsed against a strong earthquake ground motion with JMA seismic intensity of a “6 upper” level.
HYDRATION AND MICROSTRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF CEMENT PASTE CONTAINING NANO AND MICROSILICA
Authors: Chow P. L. , Barbhuiya Salim
Published: February 2020

The influence of nano-and microsilica addition on ordinary Portland cement (OPC) pastes has been studied in terms of hydration and microstructural properties. Three different combinations of nano-and microsilica mixes were used. A constant water-binder ratio of 0.35 was maintained throughout the experiment. All samples were tested for initial and final setting time and compressive strengths were determined at the age of 3, 7, 28, and 90 days of hydration. The hydration products were examined by SDT and XRD analysis at various curing ages. The inclusion of nano-and microsilica reduced the initial and final setting time significantly, increased the compressive strength of hardened cement paste after 7 days of hydration, and reduced the amount of calcium hydroxide in the hardened paste compared to mixes without these nanoparticles.
A STUDY OF MAINTENANCE METHODS OF DETERIORATED CONCRETE STRUCTURES WITH A RISK MATRIX
Authors: Mizuta Maki , Nonomura Yoshinori , Shimada Hisatoshi , Shimata Akinori , Ohta Tetsuji
Published: February 2020

In this study, a risk matrix for maintaining the deteriorated RC structures was proposed, in which the difference between the results based on investigation and the actual performance was regarded as risk. The risk matrix was defined as the relation between the degree of material deterioration and the level of influence on the structural performance. This matrix was characterized by involving the range of risk reduction that serves as an index for determining the need for repair. In addition, survey results from an actual RC structure that had undergone the combined damage of frost and salt for more than forty years in Hokkaido were applied to the proposed risk matrix.
PRACTICAL SEISMIC STRENGTHENING OF R/C BEAM-COLUMN JOINTS WITHOUT LATERAL REINFORCEMENTS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Authors: Sanada Yasushi , Li Yuebing
Published: February 2020

Several destructive earthquakes in developing countries in recent years have revealed that a large number of reinforced concrete (R/C) buildings contained no lateral reinforcements in beam-column joints. Severe damage was caused to such beam-column joints due to poor structural capacities, and resulted in complete/story collapse of buildings and loss of human lives. Considering the economic and technical conditions in developing countries, this paper proposes a practical seismic strengthening method for applying R/C wing walls to this kind of substandard beam-column joint. A feasible design concept is presented exemplifying an exterior beam-column joint, representing a typical earthquake-damaged joint by the 2009 West Sumatra, Indonesia earthquake. In this study, two 3/4-scale exterior beam-column joint specimens were constructed with the common structural details, and one of them was strengthened by R/C wing walls. Their seismic performance was evaluated through static cyclic loading tests. It was found that the strengthened specimen behaved a ductile manner with beam yielding, whereas the unstrengthened control specimen prematurely failed at the joint. The proposed strengthening method significantly increased the moment resistance of the joint. Fundamental experimental data could be successfully obtained to propose the calculation procedure for designing R/C wing walls for practical strengthening.
FLEXURAL PERFORMANCE OF RC BEAMS WITH NEAR SURFACE MOUNTED CFRP PLATE
Authors: Mohd Hashim Mohd Hisbany , Suki Nauwal , Abu Bakar Afidah
Published: February 2020

This study investigates the flexural performance of RC beams strengthened with Near Surface Mounted CFRP plate. In construction, deterioration tends to occur due to changes in loading capacity, improper design, or poor quality of workmanship. This will result in long-term effects as the strength decreases over time. To prepare for the long-term effects, the Near Surface Mounted (NSM) method can be used to strengthen the RC members. This is to ensure that a structure can continuously function for its intended purpose. Three beams of 125 mm x 300 mm x 1800 mm (width; height; length) were constructed for this study. The first beam was not strengthened, the second beam was strengthened with a CFRP plate horizontally positioned on the tension zone, and the third beam was strengthened with a CFRP plate vertically positioned on the tension zone. All three beams were then tested under a four point bending test. Results show that the beam with horizontal strengthening was able to increase the flexural strength of about 22% compared to the control beam, while the beam with vertical strengthening was able to increase the flexural capacity of about 43% compared to the control beam. This indicates that the NSM method can be used to significantly increase the flexural strength of RC members.
MODELING OF CONCRETE BEHAVIOR UNDER BIAXIAL FATIGUE LOADING WITH VARIOUS MEAN STRESSES
Authors: Saboori Ashkan , Yazdani Siamak , Reberg Andrew , Yang Mijia , Tolliver Denver , Mamani Sara
Published: February 2020

In this paper, a general approach is proposed for modeling the behavior of concrete under biaxial fatigue loading with various mean stresses (stress range). Using damage mechanics and principles of thermodynamics, a generalized bounding surface approach is proposed. It is mentioned that limit surface, determined by model, is a condition in which the number of fatigue loading is set to one. In other words, limit surface represents the strength of material under monotonic loading with various load paths. By increasing the number of loading cycles, the limit surface is allowed to contract and to form surfaces representing residual strength curves. The evolution of the subsequent surfaces depends on load magnitude, load range (mean stress), and load path. Within the formulation, a softening function is postulated which captures the reduction in the strength of concrete under fatigue loading. A comparison of model predictions against experimental data shows a good correlation.
IMPACTS OF PRE-STRESS LOSS ON THE LONG-TERM DEFLECTION FOR LONG-SPAN PC CONTINUOUS GIRDER BRIDGE
Authors: Bu Jianqing , Cui Jincan
Published: February 2020

In order to analyze the impacts of pre-stress loss on the long-term deflection for long-span PC continuous girder bridges, this paper presents a numerical analysis using the finite element analysis software MIDAS/Civil based on a long-span PC continuous box-section girder bridge in Shijiazhuang. Once the 3-D finite element model was established, the influences of different pre-stress loss levels and locations were analyzed in a numerical simulation. Pre-stress loss is often the key reason for long-term deflection in long-span PC continuous girder bridges, so we can estimate the development of deflection by considering these factors during the operation.
A PRECAST REINFORCED CONCRETE SYSTEM WITH CONTROLLED DYNAMIC PROPERTIES
Authors: Witzany Jiří , Čejka Tomáš , Zigler Radek
Published: February 2020

The precast reinforced concrete system with controlled dynamic characteristics allows, together with demountability, an efficient optimization of a load-bearing system’s response to external dynamic and static loading effects and impacts. The essential elements of the system are the joints of load-bearing reinforced concrete precast units with high ductility allowing the absorption of dynamic energy and the optimization of the load-bearing system’s response to technical as well as natural seismicity. Another significant feature of such joints is their ability to eliminate outside noise (e.g., traffic, building activity, industrial activity) below the threshold of hearing; this improves the quality of the interior environment and allows land development in areas with increased noise levels, traffic, etc. The system may also be analogically applied in areas with poorer foundation conditions, in areas with underground traffic, in undermined areas, and in areas with high seismic risks.
OFFSHORE PLATFORM DECOMMISSIONING: THE NEED FOR A COST INDEX
Authors: Baba Ahmed Abdullahi , Noor Bt Wan Abdullah Zawawi Amila
Published: February 2020

Globally, decommissioning of offshore installations has been considered to be one of the biggest challenges facing the oil and gas industry. International conventions on ocean safety now emphasize complete removal rather than reefing. This option is complex, requiring scarce technical expertise and environmental sensitivity in challenging environments. Both governments and operators must develop accurate cost estimates for offshore platform decommissioning. The government requires them to guide its negotiations with decommissioning contractors, while operators require them to determine annual remittances to decommissioning accounts built into modern day oil and gas concession contracts. Consequently, a reliable cost estimation method could be used to define a Zone of Possible Agreement (ZOPA) for offshore platform decommissioning in Malaysian waters before engaging in negotiations with contractors. This would improve value for money and also ensure time value for money. This article looks at current challenges concerning a proposed offshore platform decommissioning price index for Malaysian waters. The conclusion is that these indices are helpful tools for comparisons between conditions across several variables, and are easy to update once developed.
PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY TRAINING FOR THE SAFETY ENGINEER
Authors: Laganà Renato
Published: February 2020

The knowledge acquired through university courses is an important aspect of training for technicians who will address issues related to building-site safety. They must become aware of their social role characterizing the profession of safety manager. Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria started a course on the safety of construction sites more than 15 years ago, first at the Faculty of Architecture, later at the Faculty of Engineering. The activity on health and safety management has also been the subject of several meetings and symposia. Together, with trade unions and businesses, they have given rise to synergy resulting in the 2010 ratification of an agreement protocol with National Institute of Accident at Work (INAIL). The first initiative launched last year was the first-level master’s degree on the management of health and safety in temporary sites. This paper features some of the achievements and new training opportunities targeting the various operators engaged in the business of training in the workplace.
LEGISLATIVE DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT HEALTH AND SAFETY IN MAINTENANCE CONSTRUCTION SITES
Authors: Laganà Renato
Published: February 2020

When considering the maintenance of buildings, the implementation of legislative codes for health and safety requires particular attention as early as in the design approach. Statistics indicate that accidents often occur during maintenance operations. The organization of the maintenance yard requires specific safety measures, which often depend on the choices related to the design and construction of a building. European Directive 57/1992 indicates that “the architectural and/or organizational measures are not enough. A poor design frequently causes work-related accidents in construction sites with significant damage to the community.” This statement, dating back 22 years, is still valid in Europe today. The introduction of the obligation to draw up the Safety File, to manage safety in the maintenance tasks of the building life cycle, is still valid. This paper refers to the maintenance tasks programmed by ensuring safety conditions. Particular focus is on the individuation of the types of risks in relation to design. The design choices, likewise, are made in order to have an effective plan of health and safety for the workers. The preventive identification of the most common natural risks, and the application of practice codes related to maintenance programs, are the most important strategic choices to ensure safety in interventions deferred over time.
COMPARATIVE ERGONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF SLAB FORMWORK SYSTEMS
Authors: Schlagbauer Dieter , Heck Detlef
Published: February 2020

The economic efficiency of formwork systems does not depend only on the cost of the product; the achievable performance on the construction site has also a big influence on the selection process. This performance is connected to various factors, such as the number or weight of the individual items, or the required height of the formwork surface. In the course of this research project, four different slab formwork systems performing similar jobs were investigated, enabling a comparison based on an ergonomic assessment. The evaluation of the different systems proved that results and expectations correspond, in this case tasks were reviewed separately for individual systems. Comparing the systems directly, by using the calculated points of the ergonomics evaluation for an average work process, the results display that the least onerous system achieved the highest individual score values. These results led to the assumption that ergonomic scores should not be the sole base for a decision; therefore the performance progress was included and relative ergonomic values for a typical formwork surface were calculated. The result of this evaluation is in line with expectations for the strain of individual systems. The different results between single-task and performance-related evaluations illustrated that, for the assessment of health and safety issues combined with economic factors, not only was the single-task evaluation important, but also an overall view should be taken for a typical scope of work.
SIMULATION MODELS FOR CEMENT LOADING PROCESS
Authors: Srisurin Punyaanek , Singh Amarjit
Published: February 2020

Reduction of waiting and throughput times of cement trucks in cement-loading processes generally requires additional input resources, such as cement-loading machines and operators. However, a superfluous number of input resources can increase idle time. On the other hand, minimizing input server resources can significantly save costs for cement plants, but would result in excessive waiting time and throughput time of trucks, limiting the number of trips that trucks could travel to transport cement. To maximize the utilization of cement trucks and input resources, a trade-off between truck waiting time and server idle time is necessary. This study developed a simulation model maximizing the utilization factor of truck waiting time and machine idle time. By using EZStrobe software, the current operations of the cement-loading process were simulated based on data obtained between August 2012 and June 2013 at Asia Cement Plant, Thailand. The results show that a new design of operations with alternate layout, which operates by using four regular cement-loading channels with two extra channels during the 8-hour peak duration, is recommended for the cement-loading process to optimize performance, since they reduce truck waiting time, throughput time, and queue length, with the lowest machine idle time possible.
A contextualização de conhecimentos prévios/tradicionais de alunos quilombolas: o que dizem os professores de ciências?
Authors: Da Silva Joaklebio Alves , Ramos Marcelo Alves
Published: February 2020

O estudo analisa as concepções de professores de anos iniciais do ensino fundamental de uma escola quilombola a respeito do conhecimento prévio/tradicional dos alunos e a contextualização desses conhecimentos em suas atividades pedagógicas nas aulas de ciências, assim como propõe as Diretrizes Curriculares para a Educação Escolar Quilombola. Através da abordagem qualitativa e com base no diagnóstico, recorte de uma pesquisa-ação, a coleta de dados procedeu através de dois roteiros com questões para entrevista semiestruturada que, posteriormente, foram submetidos a análise de conteúdo em uma perspectiva analítico-interpretativa. Contudo, foi diagnosticado que mesmo não utilizando efetivamente os conhecimentos prévios dos estudantes em sala de aula, os docentes reconhecem sua importância no processo de ensino e aprendizagem, porém, alegam não ter uma formação adequada que oferte métodos para a inserção desses conhecimentos nas aulas de ciências. Portanto, diante dos dados obtidos, é possível apontar para a necessidade de haver maior atenção para os professores que lecionam em escolas quilombolas, buscando ofertar formação continuada que evidencie práticas pedagógicas voltadas a contextualização dos conhecimentos prévios/tradicionais destes alunos.
As concepções sobre analogias no discurso de licenciandos em ciências biológicas
Authors: Almeida Hederson Aparecido de
Published: February 2020

As analogias no ensino de Ciências são comparações entre dois domínios heterogêneos, um familiar e outro não familiar. Apesar de serem usadas frequentemente em sala de aula, tanto por professores quanto por alunos, é recorrente as confusões em relação ao seu significado, porque são enunciadas sem nenhum planejamento prévio. Essa constatação pode ser explicada pelo fato dos cursos de licenciatura não possuírem disciplinas que comtemplem tais discussões. Formam-se, assim, professores que utilizarão desses recursos em sala de aula, mas que não refletirão sobre a temática.  Neste sentido, o presente estudo teve por objetivo identificar quais são as concepções que alunos de dois cursos de Ciências Biológicas possuem sobre o uso das analogias no ensino. A pesquisa caracterizou-se como qualitativa, sendo os dados obtidos mediante a aplicação de um questionário semiestruturado com quatro questões. Estas mapearam a concepção dos licenciandos sobre o uso das analogias para fazerem explicações, em que momentos, e se as analogias e metáforas possuem o mesmo significado. Os resultados mostram que a concepção dos estudantes sobre o tema é diversa. Há uma íntima associação entre os órgãos análogos da biologia evolutiva com as analogias enquanto recurso didático, mostrando uma confusão entre a analogia didática e a analogia biológica. Ao tentar diferenciá-las, os discentes confundem-nas com outras tipologias de comparações, como as metáforas; utilizam do recurso para facilitar a compreensão do assunto trabalhado; quando o conceito é considerado abstrato ou difícil; para introduzir um novo assunto ou para explicar novamente um conteúdo. É necessário que as discussões em torno da temática se iniciem ainda na formação inicial para que o uso espontâneo das analogias seja superado por processos reflexivos.