bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La gestion de la matière organique du sol, un enjeu important pour limiter la lixiviation du nitrate vers les eaux souterraines
Authors: Vandenberghe Christophe , Colinet Gilles
Published: February 2022

Description du sujet. La concentration en nitrate dans la moitié des masses d’eau souterraine de la région wallonne (Belgique) a justifié le classement de celles-ci en zone vulnérable, en application de la Directive Nitrates (DN). Cette zone vulnérable présente une diversité de contextes agro-pédologiques. Ainsi, le contenu en azote des sols agricoles peut localement varier d’un facteur 4. Objectifs. L’étude consiste à établir si la teneur en carbone organique total (COT) d’un sol constitue un facteur de risque significatif quant à la lixiviation du nitrate vers les eaux souterraines. Méthode. L’article s’appuie sur des mesures COT et de reliquat d’azote nitrique dans le sol en début de période de lixiviation (APL – Azote Potentiellement Lessivable), réalisées en 2012 dans 1 500 parcelles lors d’un contrôle organisé en application du Programme de Gestion Durable de l’Azote, transposition de la DN en région wallonne. Résultats. L’examen des résultats illustre d’une part que l’APL est positivement corrélé au COT et que les parcelles qualifiées de « non conformes » présentent une concentration moyenne en COT significativement supérieure aux autres résultats. Conclusions. L’APL étant un indicateur environnemental du risque de lixiviation du nitrate, il apparait que le contenu COT est généralement de nature à constituer un risque de contamination des eaux souterraines par le nitrate. Il convient dès lors d’une part, d’améliorer la prise en compte de ce paramètre dans les conseils de fertilisation azotée et, d’autre part, dans le cas de récolte estivale, de gérer au mieux le sol par une mise en place efficiente de cultures pièges à nitrate.
Northern range edge equilibrium of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. not achieved in Western Europe
Authors: Ortmans William , Mahy Grégory , Monty Arnaud
Published: February 2022

Description of the subject. The geographic distributions of a species, be it native or alien, is expected to be limited at some point by environmental conditions. In this situation, a range edge equilibrium (REE) takes place, i.e., populations occurring beyond the edge have a growth rate reduced below replacement. The occurrence of REE has never been tested for an invasive species. In Western Europe, the invasive weed Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. has spread in most parts of southern and central France, where it can be found in very high densities in sunflower fields, but seems to be limited in its northwards expansion. It is currently unknown whether the range has reached a limit or not. Information about how the species responds to sunflower competition is also lacking. Objectives. This work addressed two questions: Has the northern part of A. artemisiifolia invaded range in Western Europe reached REE? How is A. artemisiifolia performance influenced by sunflower competition? Method. Plots were established in an agricultural field ca. 250 km north to the current invaded range, in Belgium. We planted A. artemisiifolia seedlings with or without sunflower competition. The following year, the population growth rates and the soil seed bank were assessed. Results. The species established populations with relatively high growth rates and soil seed bank. Sunflower competition did not have a significant impact on plant performance. Conclusions. The results invalidate the hypothesis of equilibrium at the current margin of A. artemisiifolia invaded range, and suggest a significant potential for invasion northwards.
Biochemical, biophysical, and thermal properties of alkaline phosphatase from thermophile Thermus sp. NTU-237
Authors: Nguyen Hoang Chinh , Wu Szu-Pei , Su Chia-Hung , Hwang Tzann-Shun
Published: February 2022

Description of the subject. Alkaline phosphatases (APases) are commonly used as nonradioactive markers for detecting specific proteins or DNA targets in clinical medicine and molecular biology. However, their applications in the biotechnology industry require thermostability and storage stability. Our preliminary study revealed that APase from Thermus sp. NTU-237 (TsAPase) is thermostable and exhibits high activity. Therefore, it is desirable to establish the optimal conditions for its application. Objectives. To characterize APase from thermophile Thermus sp. NTU-237 and to evaluate its potential applications. Method. The APase gene of Thermus sp. NTU-237 was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Subsequently, the effects of buffer, glycerol, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), NaCl, and temperature on enzyme activity were studied to establish the optimal conditions for TsAPase assays. In addition, the potential for application of TsAPase was evaluated using the 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate/nitro blue tetrazolium (BCIP/NBT) active staining method. Results. Recombinant TsAPase was identified as having a dimeric structure and a molecular mass of 109 kDa. Sequence alignment analysis of known thermophilic APases with TsAPase and E. coli APase revealed that catalytic and binding residues were highly conserved. This finding suggested that the catalytic mechanism of TsAPase is the same as that of other APases. TsAPase activity was inhibited by glycerol and SDS but enhanced by NaCl and Tris-HCl buffer. The kinetic parameters Km, kcat, and Vmaxwere determined to be 81 µM, 6.08 s-1, and 6.76 U·mg-1, respectively. The optimum temperature of TsAPase was 80 °C, and TsAPase was stable at room temperature for more than 10 days. Moreover, TsAPase could catalyze the dephosphorylation of BCIP and could elicit blue color development by the BCIP/NBT reaction kit at room temperature. Conclusions. These results illustrate that TsAPase has potential for application in medical or basic research.
Agro-environmental scheme for segetal plant conservation in Wallonia (Belgium): an assessment in conventional and organic fields
Authors: Lemoine Cyril , Sérusiaux Emmanuël , Mahy Grégory , Piqueray Julien
Published: February 2022

Description of the subject. Segetal plant species are highly threatened in arable land. They are an integral part of agricultural history and biodiversity in Western Europe. In Wallonia (southern Belgium), an agro-environmental scheme (AES) has been adopted for their conservation. It consists of strips on a field margin, with at least 60% cereals in crop rotation, and proscribes spraying and fertilisation. Objectives. This paper assessed the impact of an AES on segetal species conservation. Method. In eight organic fields and six conventional fields, a vegetation survey was performed on an AES strip and on a control margin of each field. Evenness, richness, cover and species composition for both total and segetal species were compared between AES strips and their corresponding control margins. Also, a cover of pernicious weeds was considered to be a factor in the rejection of AES by farmers. Results. In conventional agriculture, species richness (total and segetal) and cover (total and segetal) were higher in the AES than in the respective control; however, pernicious weed cover was also enhanced. In organic fields, total species richness was higher and pernicious weed cover was lower in the AES than in the respective control. Total evenness was higher in organic than in conventional fields, due to the co-dominance of several species. Under the AES, species composition and abundance remained different between conventional and organic fields. In all cases, rare species were hardly found in our survey. Conclusions. AES promote plant diversity in both organic and conventional fields. Sowing AES strips with uncleaned seeds from well-preserved fields, or species introduction, are recommended to enhance rare species recovery.
Forest mapping and species composition using supervised per pixel classification of Sentinel-2 imagery
Authors: Bolyn Corentin , Michez Adrien , Gaucher Peter , Lejeune Philippe , Bonnet Stéphanie
Published: February 2022

Description of the subject. Understanding the current situation and evolution of forests is essential for a sustainable management plan that maintains forests’ ecological and socio-economic functions. Remote sensing is a helpful tool in developing this knowledge. Objectives. This paper investigates the new opportunities offered by using Sentinel-2 (S2) imagery for forest mapping in  Belgian Ardenne ecoregion. The first classification objective was to create a forest map at the regional scale. The second objective was the discrimination of 11 forest classes (Fagus sylvatica L., Betula sp., Quercus sp., other broad-leaved stands, Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco, Larix sp., Pinus sylvestris L., Picea abies (L.) H.Karst., young needle-leaved stands, other needle-leaved stands, and recent clear-cuts). Method. Two S2 scenes were used and a series of spectral indices were computed for each. We applied supervised pixel-based classifications with a Random Forest classifier. The classification models were processed with a pure S2 dataset and with additional 3D data to compare obtained precisions. Results. 3D data slightly improved the precision of each objective, but the overall improvement in accuracy was only significant for objective 1. The produced forest map had an overall accuracy of 93.3%. However, the model testing tree species discrimination was also encouraging, with an overall accuracy of 88.9%. Conclusions. Because of the simple analyses done in this study, results need to be interpreted with caution. However, this paper confirms the great potential of S2 imagery, particularly SWIR and red-edge bands, which are the most important S2 bands in our study.
Max Scheler’s Biologievorlesung (1908/09)
Authors: Properzi Martina
Published: February 2022

The text, known as Biologievorlesung (1908/09), written by the German phenomenologist Max Scheler appeared in 1993 in volume XIV of the Schelerian Gesammelte Werke by M.S. Frings. It collects the surviving fragments of the notes on the “Gnoseological foundations of biology” elaborated by Scheler for the cycle of lectures, which were held as Privatdozent at the University of Munich in the winter semester of the academic year 1908-1909. Despite being interesting in many respects, the text is still largely unexplored to the very day. In this article I intend to focus on two points: 1) demonstrate the relatively advanced state of progress of the proposal expressed therein by the author compared to his real first phenomenological production between the publication in 1912 of the long article Über Selbsttäuschungen and 1922, the year that marks Scheler's open detachment from the Catholic cultural horizon hitherto embraced, and 2) bring out the systematic unity of the epistemological, ontological and phenomenological themes, articulated here, in a first attempt to develop an ontology of modern science, understood as the product of a vision of a historically located world, through a descriptive analysis of the intentional structures of consciousness implicated in intellectual knowledge.
Recent Evolutions of the Social Economy in the European Union
Authors: Monzón Jose Luis , Chaves Rafael
Published: February 2022

The general objective of the Report is to study the recent evolution of the social economy in the European Union. It focuses on three areas: firstly, the social economy and the emergent concepts/movements related to it, secondly, the public policies adopted in both the EU and the member states in recent years to enhance the social economy sector and thirdly, measuring the weight of the social economy in each EU member country. This Report shows that the European social economy provides over 13.6 million paid jobs in Europe, accounting for 6.3% of the total EU working population of the EU-28. Despite its size, the social economy remains invisible in the national accounts and statistics around Europe, a hurdle that constitutes another major challenge, although efforts have been made during the last two decades. The new concepts and approaches related to the social economy that have emerged in Europe, such as social enterprises, social innovation, collaborative economy, economy of the common good, circular economy and corporate social responsibility, have been analysed and the main public policies for the social economy that have been implemented in recent years have been studied. Special mention has been made of the Social Business Initiative (SBI) introduced by the European Commission.
Community financing in the German organic food sector
Authors: Behrendt Gerlinde , Peter Sarah , Sterly Simone , Häring Anna Maria
Published: February 2022

The rise of socially responsible and impact investing funds provides evidence for an increased interest private investors have in combining their financial and ethical concerns. At the same time, citizens increasingly engage in food networks and take on a vital role in the governance of agri-food systems. These developments might benefit farms and firms which are committed to sustainable food and seek funding. Through different community financing models, they can involve citizens who aim at supporting the development of a more sustainable food system. While still a niche market, an increasing number of firms in the German organic food sector uses community financing to substitute or complement traditional bank credit financing. There is a wide range of different models which can be classified as follows: 1. Pure financing instruments, e.g. crowdfunding, profit participation rights, direct loans. 2. Financing models which base on a particular legal form, e.g. cooperative, corporation. 3. Financing in cooperation with an intermediary organization which pools citizens’ capital, e.g. citizen shareholder corporation, land purchase cooperative. 4. Others (mostly related to primary production), e.g. community supported agriculture (CSA), leasing and sponsorship. Community financing can increase financial independence from credit intuitions and provides an opportunity to receive funding which otherwise might be difficult to obtain. Given the high capital intensity in agriculture and rising purchase prices of agricultural land, access to traditional bank credit financing is a particular challenge for new or less productive farms. Access to finance can also be a key obstacle for smaller companies involved in collaborative short food chains and green start-ups that offer innovative products or services and/or lack business education. Apart from financial considerations, particular community financing models can also serve as marketing tool in order to build or intensify relationships to customers. As the example of the German energy transition shows, financial citizen participation can be crucial for financing the transformation of the energy sector. However, little is known 5 about community financing models in the agri-food sector. Accordingly, this paper presents empirical evidence on community financing in the German organic food sector and discusses the role it can play in food system transformation.
Shared-Services Cooperatives
Authors: Clamp Christina , Amendah Eklou R. , Coren Carol
Published: February 2022

Shared services cooperatives are member associations formed to meet a variety of institutional needs for economies and efficiencies of scale through collaboration in areas such as purchasing, marketing, processing and distribution (Crooks, Spatz and Warman, 1997). Our study examines cases in business, finance, health, and public sectors of the US economy. This research develops a theoretical understanding of how this form compares to related types of cooperatives and other forms of collaboration. It also empirically documents how shared services are used. The research looks at the experience of these shared-services cooperatives: what are the benefits to members; how they are structured and their impact on the local economy. Key stakeholder interviews were conducted with senior staff of cooperatives in financial services, watershed authorities and watershed management, as well as in the health sector, the business sector, and public libraries. The study develops a comparative case analysis utilizing a social ecology analytic framework. The benefits of this form of shared services cooperative are: access to influence networks; enterprise integration and interoperability; sharing of training resources; greater financial resources and professionalism (risk and financial safety); growth opportunities; and increased retention. Key to success is the development of trust and services that are well and affordably administered.
Overview of social economy development in Slovakia and its promoting as the employment solution for long-term unemployed and disabled ones
Authors: Pčolinská Lenka
Published: February 2022

The aim of the article is to provide an overview of the social economy development over three decades in Slovakia (between the years 1989 - 2019) and to point out the natural environment of shaping this phenomenon as well as the current state and possibilities for further development. The essential features of the social economy development in Slovakia are: regional development in terms of reduction of unemployment and long-term unemployment, integration of disadvantaged groups of people into the labour market, new law on social economy and social enterprises, activities of self-governing bodies and implementation of common good activities that serve the community, the group of disadvantaged but also the region, while contributing to rural sustainability. As chosen methods, we especially used a theoretically-analytical approach appropriate to describe the present situation about unemployment and potential of social economy (using secondary data of official statistics). The paper aims at clearing the main problems of the social economy development in Slovakia, also reflecting the historical roots, and it points to the social economy potential future development.
Falsas cooperativas de trabajadores y medidas adoptadas por los poderes públicos en España para combatirlas
Authors: Fajardo García Gemme
Published: February 2022

Falsas cooperativas se consideran aquellas entidades que se constituyen como cooperativas, pero no llevan a cabo una actividad cooperativa de acuerdo con los fines y características típicas de las cooperativas (autonomía, gestión democrática, responsabilidad económica, adhesión voluntaria, ...). Las falsas cooperativas pueden darse en todos los modelos cooperativos y en todos los sectores. Las razones en cada caso pueden ser diferentes: no asumir riesgos, garantizar clientes o ahorrar costos, son generalmente los más comunes. La señal principal que advierte de la existencia de una falsa cooperativa es la falta de independencia de la cooperativa o de sus miembros. Esta dependencia es apreciada por la concurrencia de una serie de indicaciones y también por la imposibilidad o dificultad que tienen los miembros para evitar esta dependencia. No es suficiente que haya indicios de dependencia, es necesario confirmar, analizar si los miembros en su mayoría aceptan la situación o se ven obligados a pasar por ella sin opciones de cambio. En este trabajo, hemos analizado el caso de algunas falsas cooperativas que han surgido para externalizar el trabajo, para que los trabajadores, como miembros de la cooperativa, asuman los costos y riesgos de dicha actividad. No se trata solo de evitar la aplicación de la legislación laboral, normalmente hay otras consecuencias asociadas, incluso más graves, como la responsabilidad derivada de la actividad realizada. Estas acciones fraudulentas ocurren en muchos lugares y son un tema de preocupación mundial. Precisamente, "Combatir las falsas cooperativas" es parte del Plan de Acción Conjunta acordado por la OIT y la ACI en 2018. Pero nuestro objetivo en esta ocasión es analizar los últimos casos de falsas cooperativas que se han detectado en España, en relación con cooperativas de trabajadores. Estos casos han ocurrido en tres áreas: trabajadores de transporte, trabajadores de mataderos y trabajadores intermitentes en cooperativas de facturación. Este estudio se estructura en las siguientes secciones: 1. Exposición de los elementos legales que condicionan en estos casos las acciones de los promotores de falsas cooperativas: características de la legislación cooperativa, laboral y de seguridad social; 2. Análisis de la organización y funcionamiento en los tres modelos de cooperativas falsas de trabajo que son objeto de atención (cooperativas de facturación, del sector cárnico y de transportes); 3. Medidas adoptadas por las autoridades públicas para combatirlas: a) Medidas adoptadas en la legislación cooperativa; b) Medidas adoptadas desde la función de inspección y control de la Administración Pública, en materia de cooperativas y empleo; c) Sentencias emitidas por el Tribunal Supremo y otros tribunales, y 4. Evaluación de las medidas adoptadas y otras propuestas.
Building Sustainable Local Food Solutions
Authors: Sumner Jennifer , Tarhan M. Derya , McMurtry John Justin
Published: February 2022

In the face of chronic food insecurity brought on by centuries of colonialism, some Indigenous communities in Canada are turning to the social and solidarity economy to craft their own solutions to hunger. This paper explores these solutions, using a case study of the Northern Manitoba Food, Culture and Community Collaborative (NMFCCC) to illustrate how they are helping to implement the second Sustainable Development Goal – zero hunger. Through local initiatives such as community gardens and greenhouses, co-operatives, community kitchens, school gardens, community-based food programs, food markets and public-sector procurement, they are also helping to implement other Sustainable Development Goals, while providing models that can be replicated in diverse communities. The emphasis on community ownership, control and benefits highlights the importance of a definition of the SSE that is based on community needs.
A Journey of Evaluation and Impact Measurement
Authors: Opincaru Irina Sinziana
Published: February 2022

Setting up a framework for monitoring, evaluation and impact measurement can be a complex and elaborate task for an organisation in the social economy sector. This paper uses a case study approach to present the experience and journey in setting up a framework for monitoring and evaluation, with implications for assessing the impact of such an organisation - CONCORDIA Humanitarian Organisation in Romania. Building on the scholarly works on the evaluation of SE organisations, with a focus on theory-based evaluations, this paper aims to give accounts on these evaluation and impact assessment activities in practice. What approach and methodology were seen as the most suitable for measuring its social impact at organisational level, given the context and the specifics of its activities? How is monitoring and evaluation integrated in the current activities of the organisation? What challenges lay ahead in this process? The paper builds on CONCORDIA Romania’s experience of conducting one of the first impact studies of a SE in Romania - for its social enterprise CONCORDIA Bakery - and on the organisation’s recent strategy for institutionalising a monitoring and evaluation framework based on the Theory of Change at organisational level, in order to better understand its social and economic contribution.
Analysis of the Tambov region’s labor market and factors of it’s transformation in conditions of economy digitalization
Authors: Makhonina I. N. , Sysoeva M. S. , Cheremisina T. N.
Published: February 2022

A brief analysis of the Tambov region’s labor market and the factors, determining its digital transformation, are presented. The attractiveness of large cities as a destination for labor resources is constantly increasing due to high demand and wages in the labor market. In recent decades, the region has been losing significantly labor resources and worsening its economic situation and competitiveness in the ranking of regions. Qualitative transformation of regional socio-economic development by identifying key conditions for training digital economy personnel in the region, improving the system of investment and innovation activities for the development of labor resources, building a system for monitoring population employment and individual development trajectories and a system for regulating the employment of graduates in order to respond in a timely manner on migration flows, will have prevented migration from the region and will have stimulated economic growth.
Pandemic a year later: dynamics of mental state in conditions of uncertainty
Authors: Galoy N. Yu.
Published: February 2022

The article describes the results of a longitudinal study of 1036 diary entries organised in the form of a daily description by respondents of emotional states and behavioral reactions in the first two weeks of self-isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic and exactly a year later. The analysis of the dynamics of changes in the mental state of respondents, depending on their gender and age, has been presented. Significant differences in the dynamics of mental state over the year have been revealed in the direction of improvement in the whole sample, except for 2 groups: women 18– 30 years old and 56–95 years old. Gender analysis has shown that women show a most pronounced reaction to stress, anxiety and depression at the moment and in long term perspective. Age analysis has shown that young people, students, demonstrate pronounced fluctuations in their mental state and a tendency to a negative background of experiences both at the time of the outbreak of coronavirus infection and a year later.
Study of the regulatory measures in energy market
Authors: Petrova T. A. , Kardanov V. A.
Published: February 2022

The article examines the problems of Russia’s cooperation in the gas sector within the Eurasian Economic Union, and on the world stage. With the advent of the new millennium, many states began to face more and more questions of their energy security and energy supply. Russia, as one of the world leaders in reserves, production and export of hydrocarbons, constantly faces increased competition at the regional and international levels. As the result, our state has to respond to such a volatile situation in foreign markets by establishing close mutually beneficial cooperation with both producers and consumers of energy resources. Therefore, the incessant changes in the international arena and the emergence of new circumstances leading to problems in the energy sector, makes this study very relevant.
1H NMR Elucidation of Observed Stable Sugar-NaCl-water Complexes in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Zhu Gan , Li Hui , Li Yiqun , Gu Liuqun
Published: February 2022

The solvation of sugars in aqueous media matters in the understanding of biological systems and carbohydrate transformations. Generally, 2 – 4 water units were proposed to interact with each hydroxyl group in monosaccharides via different types of hydrogen bondings at room temperature in previous studies. Presence of NaCl is known to perturb hydrogen bondings of sugar hydrates. However, direct evidence to elucidate mechanism at atom level is very rare even though the “NaCl Effect” was well known in biomass chemical transformations. Here we report 1H NMR elucidation evidences of mono/disaccharides hydrates in different concentrations of NaCl aqueous solutions. We here conclude two new findings: 1) under ideal usage of NaCl, different mono/disaccharides hydrates are likely to be converted into a stable sugar-NaCl-water form via a stepwise mechanism; 2) reactivity order (acidity difference) of different hydroxyls in mono/disaccharides has intangible influence on hydrate form change induced by NaCl. An ideal NaCl usage based on maximum of 1H NMR shift was proposed.
Enhancing the capacity of supercapacitive swing adsorption CO2 capture by tuning charging protocols and pH
Authors: Binford Trevor , Mapstone Grace , Temprano Israel , Forse Alexander
Published: February 2022

Supercapacitive swing adsorption (SSA) is a recently discovered electrochemically driven CO2 capture technology that promises significant efficiency improvements over traditional methods. A limitation of this approach is the relatively low CO2 adsorption capacity, and the underlying molecular mechanisms of SSA remain poorly understood, hindering optimization. Here we present a new device architecture for simultaneous electrochemical and gas adsorption measurements, and use it to investigate the effects of charging protocols and electrolyte pH on SSA performance. We show that although pH 7 is already near optimal, altering the voltage applied to charge the SSA device can significantly improve performance. Charging the gas-exposed electrode positively rather than negatively increases CO2 adsorption capacity and causes CO2 desorption rather than adsorption with charging. We also show that switching the voltage between positive and negative values further increases CO2 capacity. Previously proposed mechanisms of the SSA effect fail to explain these phenomena, so we present a new mechanism based on movement of CO2-derived species into and out of electrode micropores. Overall, this work advances our knowledge of electrochemical CO2 adsorption by supercapacitors, potentially leading to devices with increased uptake capacity and efficiency.
Non-Resonant Probing of the Methyl Fragment at 213 nm following 266nm Photolysis of Methyl Iodide
Authors: Kawade Monali , Singh Sumitra , Patwari G Naresh
Published: February 2022

The velocity map imaging of the methyl radical formed by 266 nm photolysis of methyl iodide using 213 nm non-resonant multi-photon ionization (NRMPI) method. Comparison of the NRMPI method with the well-known (2+1) resonance multi-photon ionization (REMPI) method at 333.45 nm, which selectively probes Q-branch of band-origin transition of the methyl radical, indicates that the NRMPI method yields a significantly higher I/I* branching ratio in comparison to the REMPI method, even though the velocity map images of both the methods are qualitatively similar. The higher I/I* branching ratio obtained in the NRMPI method is attributed to the non-resonant ionization of higher quanta states of the umbrella bending mode along with higher rotational states of the methyl fragment in the CH3+I dissociation channel. Thus, results obtained in the present work signify that a 213 nm excitation source, which is easily available as the fifth harmonic of Nd:YAG laser, can be used as an alternative and efficient probe to investigate photo-dissociation dynamics of polyatomic molecules.
SupraFit - An Open source Qt based fitting application to determine stability constants from titration experiments
Authors: Hübler Conrad
Published: February 2022

A novel application to determine stability constants from supramolecular titration experiments is presented. The focus lies on NMR titration and ITC experiments for pure 1:1 systems, as well as mixed 2:1/1:1, 1:1/1:2 and 2:1/1:1/1:2 systems. SupraFit provides global and local fitting and a global search tool. Statistical methods are implemented and can be applied to analyse the results of nonlinear regression. Monte Carlo simulations, combined with the percentile methods and F-Test approaches to calculate confidence intervals are supported. The implemented statistical approaches are illustrated and discussed on model functions. All methods are accessible through an intuitive user interface, providing charts for all (kind of) data produced. SupraFit is written in C++, using the Qt Toolkit for the Graphical User Interface (GUI) and the Eigen library for nonlinear regression and is released under the GNU Public License (GPL).
Profiling Sulfur(VI) Fluorides as Reactive Functionalities for Chemical Biology Tools and Expansion of the Ligandable Proteome
Authors: Gilbert Katharine , Vuorinen Aini , Aatkar Arron , Pogany Peter , Pettinger Jonathan , Kirkpatrick Joanna , Rittinger Katrin , House David , Burley Glenn , Bush Jacob
Published: February 2022

Chemical probes are valuable tools to explore the function of proteins. Incorporation of electrophiles into small molecules enables covalent capture of protein interactions and provides access to powerful technologies including chemoproteomic profiling and reactive fragment screening. Current approaches have been largely limited to protein pockets containing cysteine, so establishing strategies to target other amino acid residues is essential to expanding the applicability across the proteome. Here, we profiled sulfur(VI) fluorides (SVI-F) as reactive functionalities that can modify multiple residues including Lys, Tyr, His and Ser, thus offering utility for targeting almost any protein. These studies provided an in-depth understanding of SVI-F functionalities, including hydrolytic stability, protein reactivity and utility in chemoproteomics. Such insights offer a valuable guide for the prospective design of SVI-F-containing ligands for various chemical biology workflows and illustrate the wide range of proteins that SVI-Fs can capture, thus highlighting the opportunity for SVI-Fs to expand the liganded proteome.
Surface chemistry of perovskite nanoplatelets exhibiting circularly polarized luminescence
Authors: Hubley Austin , Bensalah-Ledoux Amina , Baguenard Bruno , Guy Stephan , Abécassis Benjamin , Mahler Benoit
Published: February 2022

Chiral halide perovskite nanocrystals have many applications in next-generation optoelectronic devices due to their interaction with circularly polarized light. Through the careful selection of chiral organic surface ligands, control over the circular dichroism (CD) and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) of these materials can be achieved. However, while recent developments of CD-active perovskites have seen significant advances, effective CPL remains a challenge. Here, we synthesize colloidal perovskite nanoplatelets exhibiting room temperature CPL with dissymmetry factors up to glum=4.3×10^(-3) and gabs=8.4×10^(-3). Methylammonium lead bromide nanoplatelets are synthesized with a mixture of chiral dimethyl benzyl ammonium ligands and achiral octylammonium ligands, the precise ratio of which is shown to be critical to achieving high g-factors. We investigate the competitive binding of these surface ligands using 1H NMR, and use an equilibrium model to demonstrate the ligand affinity. The magnitude of CPL and CD is quantitatively shown to exhibit a linear correlation, such that glum=0.4×gabs. Lastly, by screening several amines with close structures, we show that subtle differences in ligand structure have significant impact on the resulting CD signal of the nanoplatelets. Our findings provide new insights for the effective design of perovskites exhibiting CPL and can facilitate the development of high-performance devices based on circularly polarized luminescence.
A Biopolymer Superabsorbent Based on Alginate-Carboxymethyl Cellulose Quasi-cryogels
Authors: Orhan Burcu , Kaygusuz Hakan , Erim F. Bedia
Published: February 2022

The research in biopolymer-based superabsorbents is gaining importance in the green chemistry field thanks to their environmentally friendly properties. In this study, a biopolymer-based superabsorbent made of calcium ion crosslinked alginate/carboxymethyl cellulose composite was prepared by a new quasi-cryogelation process, where the complete ionic gelation takes place before the freezing step, in contrast to the conventional cryogelation technique in which gelation occurs under semi-frozen conditions. Thanks to the facile quasi-cryogelation method, the morphology of the gels changed and a significant increase in water absorption properties has been achieved. The swelling properties of the material were investigated in distilled water and different physiological fluids. Results show that the proposed material shows good water absorption property where a water absorption of 2366% was reached and even after five cycles this value was 1200%. As a result, this study reports a biopolymer-based sustainable superabsorbent which is appropriate for various applications such as the removal of pollutants from water or diaper production.
Established populations of the indoor silverfish Lepisma saccharinum (Insecta: Zygentoma) in red wood ant nests
Authors: Claus Ruben , Vantieghem Pieter , Molero-Baltanás Rafael , Parmentier Thomas
Published: February 2022

Short notes have no abstract.
STRATEGI PEMBIAYAAN PENDIDIKAN DASAR DAN MENENGAH DI ERA PANDEMI COVID 19
Authors: Waruwu Marinu
Published: February 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji strategi pembiayaan pendidikan di sekolah swasta. Berdasarkan riset yang dilakukan peneliti, kajian tentang strategi pembiayaan pendidikan pada masa pandemi Covid 19 belum banyak dilakukan. Metode penelitian dilakukan melalui studi literatur dari jurnal nasional maupun internasional, dokumen kebijakan pemerintah, dan buku. Analisa data dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi pembiayaan pendidikan pada masa pandemi Covid 19 sebagian besar berjalan dengan baik dengan adanya keberpihakan kebijakan dari pemerintahan melalui bantuan kuota internet, bantuan BOS afirmasi dan kinerja, beasiswa, subsidi upah, dan UKT di perguruan tinggi. Namun demikian, masih terdapat sekolah khususnya sekolah swasta mengalami  kesulitan membayar honorarium guru, kesejahteraan guru menurun, dan pembayaran SPP oleh orang tua kurang lancar. Strategi solusi pembiayaan pendidikan pada masa pandemi Covid 19 adalah kebijakan pemerintah berupa bantuan kepada peserta didik dan orang tua perlu terus dilanjutkan, konsistensi perencanaan anggaran oleh sekolah, penggunaan anggaran yang mengedepankan skala prioritas, dan adanya transparansi dan akuntabilitas dalam pengelolaan pembiayaan pendidikan.
TELAAH ATAS LUKAS 10:25-37 DAN REVELANSINYA TERHADAP KEMANUSIAAN SETELAH PANDEMI COVID-19.
Authors: Karwayu Andre
Published: February 2022

Artikel ini merupakan sebuah telaah teologis untuk menemukan relevansi antara Perumpamaan orang Samaria yang murah hati (Luk.10:25-37) dan berbagai isu-isu krusial yang disebabkan oleh pandemi COVID-19. Ada beberapa nilai kehidupan yang sama yang dapat digali dari Lukas 10:25-37 dan pandemi COVID-19. Nilai-nilai tersebut adalah tentang hidup tanpa diskriminasi, praktik karitas dan panggilan menjadi sesama (saudara bagi semua orang). Nilai-nilai ini adalah tantangan bagi bangsa-bangsa di dunia, panggilan global, dan sekaligus menjadi prasyarat untuk mewujudkan peradaban baru, kemanusiaan setelah COVID-19. Telaah sederhana ini menggunakan metode historis-kritis dan dilengkapi dengan metode hermeneutik inter-teks.
Conceptualizing and Schematizing Heart Metaphors through a Cognitive Semantic Approach
Authors: Sirait Asnita
Published: February 2022

Metaphor is one of interesting objects to be research for its rich cognition and use. This study aims at investigating the conceptualization of heart metaphors and to describe the image schemas of heart metaphors. The data of the study were collected from Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) which provides significant data relevant to the study. This is a literature study using a qualitative descriptive study through the framework of the Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) proposed by Lakoff and Johnson. After the selection of metaphorical expressions of heart, the analysis was conducted to categorize the conceptual metaphor of each selected data. The image schemas were then drawn in accordance to the concept given. The study found that people mainly use metaphors to state these three types of concepts of heart metaphors, they are; HEART IS A CONTAINER, HEART IS AN OBJECT, and HEART IS HUMAN/BEING.  These main concepts were then elaborated into several smaller categorizations. There are three image schemas drawn in accordance to the types of the conceptual metaphors like containment schema, compulsion schema, and removal of restraint schema. Then, image schemas are helpful to draw the mapping of abstract thing of target domain into more concrete thing of target domain.
Endovascular embolization of cerebral arteriovenous malformations
Authors: Shchehlov D.V. , Svyrydiuk O.Ye. , Chebanyuk S.V. , Vyval M.B.
Published: February 2022

Endovascular embolization is a critical component in the treatment of cerebral arteriovenous malformations. It can be used as an independent treatment modality or as an adjunct to microurgery or radiosurgery. The published literature in the PubMed database until September 2021 was reviewed with reference to the results of cerebral arteriovenous malformations embolization using liquid embolic agents. More scientific data reporting about total embolization of the cerebral arteriovenous malformations with a final cure. Although complications and mortality after arteriovenous malformations embolization have decreased significantly, but they still exist, and decisions about it usage should be weighed against its benefits during the planning phase. Treatment of arteriovenous malformations of the brain requires a multidisciplinary approach involving vascular neurosurgeons, endovascular interventionists and radiation oncologists, with a deep understanding of the natural course and combination of risks of multimodal treatment. Only such approach can increase the likelihood of a positive outcome of the cerebral arteriovenous malformations treatment.
ВЗАЄМНА КОРЕЛЯЦІЯ УЗАГАЛЬНЕНИХ КООРДИНАТ БАГАТОВИМІРНОЇ ЛІНІЙНОЇ СИСТЕМИ
Authors: Kalinin Yevhen , Kolomiitsev Oleksii , Rybalchenko Alina
Published: February 2022

Предметом досліджень статті є своєрідну поведінку взаємних кореляційних функцій узагальнених координат – наявність розриву першого роду при переході аргументу від його позитивних значення до негативних. Метою є оцінка можливості формування розриву парних та непарних складових кореляційної функції та обґрунтування даного явища. Застосовувані методи: співставлення двох функцій дійсних змінних на основі перетворення Фур’є, статистичні методи аналізу даних, теорія випадкових функцій, кореляційний аналіз. Отримані результати: побудова принципів отримання парних та непарних складових кореляційної функції багатовимірної лінійної системи з аналізом їх безперервності в узагальненому сенсі; запропоноване тлумачення подібних виразів як границі послідовності безперервних функцій, що забезпечує їх безперервність в узагальненому сенсі та усуває виниклу суперечливість в даному випадку. Практична значущість роботи полягає у побудові моделі взаємної кореляції узагальнених координат лінійної системи з урахуванням особливостей поведінки кореляційних функцій.
СИСТЕМА АВТОМАТИЗОВАНОГО ПРОЕКТУВАННЯ ДЛЯ ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ОПТИМАЛЬНИХ ПАРАМЕТРІВ ШЛІФУВАННЯ ПОКРИТТІВ
Authors: Rybak O.
Published: February 2022

При пошуку оптимальних параметрів обробки плазмових покриттів існуючі САПР призводять до значних відхилень через те, що не враховують зменшення втрат матеріалу у якості критерію оптимальності та не забезпечують умови бездефектної обробки поверхні. Таким чином, при розробці САПР ТП шліфування плазмових покриттів необхідно передбачити підсистеми аналізу характеристик проектованого об’єкта, моделювання полів температур та напружень в процесі обробки, оптимізації параметрів шліфування та перевірки критеріїв міцності і руйнування при досягненні заданої шорсткості поверхні. У даній статті побудована структура такої САПР та наведено користувацький інтерфейс відповідного програмного комплексу. Для визначення оптимальних параметрів шліфування покриттів застосовується еволюційний пошук на множині допустимих розв’язків, сформованій на основі технічних характеристик шліфувального кругу і верстата. Отримані результати у вигляді набору розв’язків задачі оптимізації, графіків та протоколу роботи алгоритму відображаються через інтерфейс користувача. Проведені експерименти підтвердили зростання продуктивності шліфування плазмових покриттів і зменшення кількості бракованих виробів при застосуванні параметрів обробки, визначених у представленій САПР.
МЕТОДИ ЗБЕРІГАННЯ ДАНИХ РЕКОМЕНДАЦІЙНОЇ СИСТЕМИ НА ОСНОВІ ЗВ’ЯЗНИХ СПИСКІВ
Authors: Mikhav V. , Meleshko Ye. , Yakymenko M. , Bashchenko D.
Published: February 2022

Метою даної роботи є дослідження та порівняльний аналіз методів і структур даних для зберігання інформації рекомендаційної системи, щоб порівняти ефективність їх використання за затратами часу та пам’яті. Вибір методу представлення даних, якими оперує рекомендаційна система, має важливе значення, оскільки ефективний спосіб побудови бази даних для роботи такої системи може зменшити кількість потрібних ресурсів та збільшити кількість доступних алгоритмів для формування списків рекомендацій, а також є важливим з точки зору якості її роботи, швидкості, можливостей масштабування та зручності виконання основних операцій з даними для формування рекомендацій. Наявність великої кількості різних методів реалізації баз даних та представлення інформації, що можна використати при побудові рекомендаційних систем, викликає необхідність порівняльного аналізу та вибору оптимального методу і структури даних для зберігання інформації в них. У роботі було проведено дослідження різних структур даних, які можна використати для зберігання інформації рекомендаційної системи. Зокрема, таких як зв’язний список, розгорнутий зв’язний список, хеш-таблиця, B-дерево, В+-дерево та бінарна діаграма рішень. Для проведення експериментів з порівняння ефективності застосування різних структур даних за затратами часу та пам’яті було розроблено програмну модель спрощеної рекомендаційної системи, в якій було виділено три основні сутності – агент, сесія та предмет. Найкращі результати показали методи зберігання даних з використанням розгорнутого та інвертованого розгорнутого з’язних списків. Тому було вирішено також провести додаткову серію експериментів з цими структурами даних для різного розміру блоку списку. Розгорнутий список показав кращі результати за використовуваною пам’яттю та за часом генерації сесій. Інвертований розгорнутий список показав перевагу за часом генерації рекомендацій
КРИТЕРІЇ ВИБОРУ СТАНДАРТУ БЕЗПРОВІДНОЇ ПЕРЕДАЧІ ДАНИХ У ВИСОКОМОБІЛЬНИХ КОМП’ЮТЕРНИХ МЕРЕЖАХ
Authors: Tkachov V. , Halchenko K. , Kovalenko A. , Yeroshenko O.
Published: February 2022

В статті розглянуто особливості функціонування високомобільних комп’ютерних мереж в умовах мінливості середовища передачі даних, його впливу на швидкість передачі даних між вузлами та методику визначення критеріїв вибору різних стандартів безпровідної передачі даних. Метою статті є розробка критеріальної бази селективного вибору стандартів безпровідної передачі даних у високомобільних комп’ютерних мережах в залежності від стану середовища передачі даних та віддаленості вузлів між собою. Отримані результати дозволяють: виокремити науково-прикладну задача розробки критеріальної бази селективного вибору стандартів безпровідної передачі даних у окремий клас задач у області рухомих комп’ютерних мереж; продовжити подальший розвиток методики підвищення живучості високомобільних комп’ютерних мереж в умовах мінливості пропускної здатності каналів зв’язку між вузлами; вирішити задачу розрахунку нестаціонарного коефіцієнта готовності відносно всіх інтерфейсів передачі корисних даних вузлами високомобільних комп’ютерних мереж. Дослідження дозволяють зробити висновки, що запропоновані критерії, за результатами модельного експериментування, дають ефект 15% скорочення часу на передачу обсягу даних в умовах нормального функціонування високомобільної комп’ютерної мережі у гетерогенному просторі та динамічною зміною відстані між вузлами мережі за наперед заданою траєкторією руху. Сформульовано напрями подальшої роботи, зокрема запропоновано проведення ряду прикладних експериментів для виявлення закономірності функціонування реальних високомобільних мереж в умовах обмеженого енергетичного запасу ходу вузлів та впливу зовнішнього середовища на нього.