bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ali Kuşçu’nun Eserlerinde Optik Problemler ve Işık Terminolojisi
Authors: Aydın Sena
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışma Ali Kuşçu’nun Şerhu’t-Tecrîd başlıklı eseri ve Ta‘lîkât alâ mebâhisi’l-egâlîti’l-hissiyye min Şerhi’lMevâkıf adlı eserinde ele almış olduğu optiğe dair konuları problem odaklı bir listeleme faaliyetine tabi kılıp, optik problemleri tarihsel açıdan yorumlamayı, bunu yaparken de dav’ (ءوضلا), nûr (رونلا), şuâ (عاعشلا) gibi farklı ışık terimlerinin kullanımını incelemeyi hedeflemektedir. Ali Kuşçu Şerhu’t-Tecrîd adlı eserinde; görme kuvvetini açıklar, görsel algıya dair matematikçilerin ve tabiatçıların görüşlerini sundukları deliller bağlamında tartışır, aynada görüntünün resmedilmesi, tek bir adet nesnenin iki adet görülmesi gibi konuları irdeler, görsel algıda dav’ ve rengi önkoşul olarak, renk algısını da dav’a bağlı olarak açıklar, dav’ın niçin cisim olamayacağından bahseder, birincil ve ikincil ışıklar terminolojisini dahil ettiği anlatısını karanlıkta görme problemiyle tamamlar. Şerhu’t-Tecrîd’de son olarak ele aldığı karanlık problemi, Ta‘lîkât alâ mebâhisi’l-egâlîti’l-hissiyye min Şerhi’l-Mevâkıf adlı eserinde tartıştığı ilk problemdir. Bu eserinde Ali Kuşçu, gemideki gözlemcinin göreceli hareketi, benzer üçgen geometrisiyle aynada görünen nesnenin büyüklüğünün belirlenmesi, farklı renklerin meydana gelmesi gibi problemlere ilgi duyar, mesaisini bu problemlerin geliştirilmesine ayırır. Optik problemleri tartışırken, hareket teorisi, göz fizyolojisi gibi farklı doğa felsefesi problemlerine kapı aralar, anlatılarını yer yer geometrik gösterimler ile destekler. İki eserinde de ışığa dair olguları tartışırken farklı ışık terimlerinin kullanımına dikkat eder.
Prediction of axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer patients based on ultrasonograhic-clinicopathologic features
Authors: Laiq Tuba , Masood Zubia , Siddiqui Hiba , Javaid Maliha , Akhtar Mallick Muhammad Jawaid
Published: December 2024

Background & Objective: Determination of axillary lymph-node status plays a pivotal role in decision making for breast cancer treatment. Biopsy is the current standard of care but hold risks of complications as well. We aimed to find out the correlation of the sonographic features of lymph node and histo-pathological findings, to predict axillary lymph-node metastasis in breast cancer patients.
Method: This retrospective observational study included 176 breast cancer patient at a private tertiary care hospital from January 2019 to December 2023. The study calculated sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of ultrasound (US) in identifying ALN metastasis. Also binary logistic regression analysis was used to demonstrate the association between suspicious findings on axillary US with pathology report. Patients who had never had undergone axillary surgery or with insufficient data, were excluded from our study.
Results: In our study Axillary US was found to be 84.2% sensitive, 48.1% specific, and 67.6% accurate in identifying nodal metastases. In this context, ALN metastases was strongly and independently correlated with cortical thickness > 3 mm and the absence of a fatty hilum (P <.05).
Conclusion: Ultrasound was found to be highly sensitive but not specific in predicting metastatic lymph nodes in patients with breast cancer.
Abbreviations:ALN: Axillary lymph node. SLNBX: Sentinel lymph node biopsy. ER: Estrogen receptor. PR: Progesterone receptor.HER-2: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. US: Ultrasound. OR: Odds ratio.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.1.10384
How to cite this: Laiq T, Masood Z, Siddiqui H, Javed M, Mallick MJA. Prediction of axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer patients based on ultrasonograhic-clinicopathologic features. Pak J Med Sci. 2025;41(1):96-100. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.1.10384
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Digital twin-based modeling of natural gas leakage and dispersion in urban utility tunnels
Authors: Cai Jitao , Wu Jiansong , Hu Yanzhu , Han Ziqi , Li Yuefei , Fu Ming , Zou Xiaofu , Wang Xin
Published: December 2024

Background Unexpected leakage accidents of the natural gas pipeline inside urban utility tunnels can pose great threats to public safety, property, and the environment. It highlights the modeling of natural gas leakage and dispersion dynamics, especially from a digital twin implementation perspective facilitating effective emergency response in a data-driven way. Methods In this study, a digital twin-based emergency response framework for gas leakage accidents in urban utility tunnels is proposed. Within this framework, the data-calibrated gas concentration prediction (DC-GCP) model is developed by integrating the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) with data assimilation (DA) techniques. This combination enables accurate spatiotemporal predictions of gas concentrations, even with a prior or inaccurate gas leakage source term. Specifically, we develop a high-performance LBM-based gas concentration prediction model using the parallel programming language Taichi Lang. Based on this model, real-time integration of gas sensor data from utility tunnels is achieved through the DA algorithm. Therefore, the predicted results can be calibrated by the continuous data in the absence of complete source term information. Furthermore, a widely used twin experiment and statistical performance measures (SPMs) are used to evaluate and validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Results The results show that all SPMs progressively converge towards their ideal values as calibration progresses. And both the gas concentration predictions and the source term estimations can be calibrated effectively by the proposed approach, achieving a relative error of less than 5%. Conclusions This study helps for dynamic risk assessment and emergency response of natural gas leakage accidents, as well as facilitating the implementation of predictive digital twin in utility tunnels.
Unveiling The Myth of High Recurrence Rate of Extracranial Arteriovenous Malformations of The Head and Neck: Systematic Review of Case Reports and Case Series
Authors: Putra Agustian Winarno , Indrasari Sagung Rai , Herdini Camelia , Yudistira Danu
Published: December 2024

Background Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in the head and neck pose a challenge in their management due to their local aggressiveness and high recurrence risk. This study aimed to analyze literature on head and neck AVM recurrence post-treatment and identify the most effective strategy with a lower recurrence rate. Objectives To analyse existing literature on the recurrence of head and neck AVMs following treatment. Our goal was to identify the most effective treatment option with a lower recurrence rate. Methods We conducted a thorough literature search using PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus, from year 2000 to the present. Our analysis focused on key endpoints, specifically the recurrence rates of head and neck AVMs following various treatment approaches. Results Out of the initial pool of 108 screened articles, a total of 83 patients were deemed suitable for inclusion in the literature review. The reviewed articles demonstrated that appropriate diagnostic tests were documented in 95% of the included studies. Among the patients, 37.3% had previously undergone interventions and were currently dealing with regrowth masses. Notably, 55.4% of patients underwent a combined approach involving both endovascular and surgical methods, while 25.3% opted for a surgical-only approach, and only 19.3% pursued an endovascular-only approach. The studies showed a promising curing rate of AVMs, with a success rate of 94%, albeit with a complication rate of 32.5%. The average follow-up duration for all patients was 26 months, with a standard deviation of 20.5 months. Out of the 83 patients, 5 experienced recurrence, with single-modality approach. Interestingly, no patients who received a multi-modality of treatments experienced recurrence or regrowth of the AVM mass within the follow up period. Conclusion The multi-modality approach outperformed single-modality treatments in preventing AVM recurrence. These findings highlight the importance of a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach in the management of these complex vascular anomalies. PROSPERO: CRD42023490871 registered on 17/12/2023
Navigating Industrial Action: The Guidance for Medical Students During Resident Doctor Strikes in England
Authors: Novintan Shonnelly , Okechukwu Hannah
Published: December 2024

Objectives The British Medical Association announced a successful vote towards industrial action to achieve ‘pay restoration’ on 20 February 2023; with 11 walkout periods occurring in the following months. During industrial action, concerns arose about the role medical students would play and the pressure placed upon them to ‘act up’. The objective of this study was to assess the guidance issued by medical schools and local placement sites during industrial action. Design, setting and participants This cross-sectional study collected online survey data between 7 March 2023 and 7 April 2023 from medical students across England. Main outcome measures Reports about guidance issued by medical schools and hospital placements. Results 62% of the medical schools issued guidance stating they were not cancelling clinical placements; of these, 10% said attendance was a personal choice. 17% of medical schools cancelled all clinical placements and 7% did not issue guidance. 52% of medical schools monitored attendance on strike days. 1 medical school and 3 clinical placement sites advertised paid work for students during the industrial action. Conclusion The impact industrial action has on medical students has not been examined. Our results show mixed guidance from medical schools that can contradict local placement guidance. This lack of guidance is mirrored in the existing, yet limited, literature. If students feel pressured to perform tasks outside their remit, with inadequate supervision, it can impact patient safety and their license to practice. For the safeguarding of patients, and students, further work is needed to produce standardised guidance during industrial action.
Association between type 2 diabetes and periodontitis: a population-based study in the North Peru
Authors: Mayta-Mayorga Marcela , Guerra-Rodríguez Victoria , Bernabe-Ortiz Antonio
Published: December 2024

Background Periodontitis, one of the most common forms of periodontal disease, has been linked to several cardiovascular factors including metabolic syndrome and inflammatory processes. This study aimed to determine the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and periodontitis in a representative sample of individuals in the north of Peru. Materials and methods Secondary data analysis using information of a population-based survey, enrolling subjects aged 35 to 69 years. The outcome was periodontitis, evaluated using a self-reported and validated 8-item questionnaire (≥5 points compatible with severe periodontitis), whereas the exposure was the presence of T2DM, evaluated using results of oral glucose tolerance test and categorized into two different forms: (a) normoglycemic, prediabetes, and T2DM, and (b) without T2DM, with T2DM and <5 years of diagnosis, and with T2DM and ≥5 years of diagnosis. Poisson regression models were utilized to report prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results Data from 1606 individuals were analyzed, with a mean age of 48.2 (SD: 10.6) years, and 50.3% were women. Of these, 272 (16.9%) had prediabetes and 176 (11.0%) had T2DM (71.6% with <5 years of disease). Overall, 97.0% presented at least one symptom compatible with periodontitis, 882 (55.0%) had mild, 643 (40.0%) had moderate, and 5% had severe periodontitis. In multivariable model, those with T2DM had a higher prevalence of severe periodontitis (PR = 1.99; 95% CI: 1.12 - 3.54). Similarly, those with <5 years of disease had a higher prevalence of severe periodontitis (PR = 2.48; 95% CI: 1.38 - 4.46). Conclusions Our research confirms the association between T2DM and severe periodontitis, especially among those with recent diagnosis (<5 years). Symptoms of periodontitis are quite common in our study population. Our results suggest a need to periodically assess oral health in patients with T2DM.
DEPOSITION OF ORGANIC CARBON IN AGROBIOGEOCENOSES OF THE TEMPERATE ARID STEPPE OF ALTAI
Authors: Kudryavtsev Andrey E. , Vaganov Evgeny S.
Published: December 2024

Background. The deposition of organic carbon in biogeocenoses depends on natural conditions. In agrobiocenosis, along with natural conditions, this process is activated by anthropogenic actions in the form of an agricultural system, having studied which can be taken as a basis for the organization of carbon farming.
Purpose. The aim of the study is to establish the intensity of the process of deposition of organic carbon by agrobiogeocenoses in the moderately arid steppe of Altai.
Materials and methods. The object of research was the soils of the moderately arid Altai steppe, which are a repository of organic carbon. We used archival materials of JSC AltayNIIGiprozem and the results of our own research in 2023. Organic carbon was determined by the Tyurin method, pure primary products according to the method of A.A. Titlyanova, at the same time, production, aboveground and subsurface mortmass were taken into account, which makes it possible to determine the potential arrival of organic matter by agrocenoses.
Results. The content of organic carbon in the humus horizon has significantly degraded by 23-32% over 40 years in southern and ordinary agrochernozems, to a lesser extent in leached ones. In the ecosystem, the largest reserves of organic carbon in a twenty-centimeter layer are characterized by biogeocenoses of salt marshes and meadow-marsh soils, followed in decreasing sequence by gray forest, meadow, meadow-chernozem, salt marshes. Agro-soils contain 40-45% less organic carbon than the natural ecosystems of biogeocenoses of salt marshes and meadow-marsh soils. Post-photosynthetic carbon runoff has been determined in the agrocenoses of spring wheat, oilseed flax, and spring rapeseed. At the same time, rapeseed absorbs 4 times more carbon dioxide compared to spring wheat and 58% more than oilseed flax.
Conclusion. The results of the research are the initial stage of the organization of carbon farming, allowing you to set the intervals of carbon units.
THE INFLUENCE OF GEOGRAPHICAL LATITUDE ON THE ANNUAL DYNAMICS OF THE PHOTOPERIODIC COEFFICIENT
Authors: Ragozin Oleg N. , Shalamova Elena Yu. , Radysh Ivan V. , Pogonyshev Denis A. , Chibisov Sergey M. , Pogonysheva Irina A.
Published: December 2024

The article presents data on annual variations and the level of the photoperiodic latitudinal coefficient on the territory of Russia, which must be used to calculate corrections during transverse and longitudinal studies. For comparative analysis, the cities of Russia were selected, located on the territory from 73o to 42oN.S. and distributed by longitude from 20o to 137oE.W., divided into 4 groups: ~60o; ~55o; ~50o; ~40oN. S. and the cities of Russia located beyond the Arctic Circle. The presence of the annual dynamics of the photoperiodic latitudinal coefficient implies the introduction of corrections during seasonal longitudinal studies. Simultaneous inter-latitude studies, in order to level the geographical and seasonal features of the light regime, it is advisable to carry out during the autumn and spring equinoxes, when the photoperiodic latitude coefficient is zero. The change in the duration of daylight during a trans-latitude flight within the borders of the Russian Federation is up to 9 hours, which can induce photodesynchronosis or latitudinal jetlag.
DENDROLOGICAL COLLECTIONS OF THE KULUNDA CLUSTER FEDERAL RESEARCH CENTER OF AGROECOLOGY
Authors: Dolgih Avgusta A. , Belyaev Alexander I. , Khuzhakhmetova Aliya Sh.
Published: December 2024

Background. In 2016, the Kulunda Arboretum was given the status of a specially protected natural area of federal significance. A long-term array of data on the introduction potential of woody plants in collections forms the basis for regulating introduction work and increasing the efficiency of mobilization of economically important plants.
Purpose – assess the current state of bioresource collections of the Kulunda Arboretum.
Materials and methods. The objects of the study are the gene pool of the Kulunda Arboretum - 137 species, forms and hybrids. Clarification of the taxonomic composition of the gene pool of the collections and generalization of experimental inventory data (age, preservation, taxation parameters, viability, renewal) was carried out with the involvement of departmental materials and databases.
Results. The taxonomic composition of the collections, the age, safety, taxation and reproductive indicators of the introduced species has been specified. An analysis of the natural ranges of introduced woody plants revealed the predominance of representatives of the European (28%) and North American (19%) dendroflora. The ratio of the collection fund in terms of vitality indicators is given. It was revealed that 31,9% of plants are in good condition and promising for involvement in programs for the conservation and rational use of biological diversity. On the basis of a long-term study of plants and the experience of their introduction (since 1977), a group of tree species capable of invasive dispersal outside the collection areas of the Kulunda arboretum was identified.
Conclusion. Based on the inventory of collection areas of the Kulunda Arboretum, the composition of trees and shrubs was clarified (137 taxa, 52 genera, 24 families) and ranked according to preservation (from 50 to 100%) and viability (good – 31,9%, satisfactory – 47,2%, unsatisfactory – 22,2% of species). Based on the results of the inventory of arboretum collections, species that may pose an invasive threat were identified. A natural decline of species from collections is predicted, which determines the relevance of the task of preserving the gene pool of adapted introduced species by introducing them into forest reclamation complexes.
Sponsorship information. The research was carried out within the state assignment of Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (theme No. 121041200195-4).
Electronic course in bacteriology
Authors: Boronina Liubov Grigorievna
Published: December 2024

Microbiological diagnosis of the etiology of infections is part of the diagnosis of infectious diseases. The elective course presents lectures, methodological manuals, practical aspects of the detection of microorganisms that cause actual human infections, the detection of which with pathological material causes difficulties due to the peculiarities of the biological properties of pathogens.
Job stress and turnover intention: The mediating role of job satisfaction
Authors: Saputro Dimas Eko
Published: December 2024

Purpose- Human resources are one of the important assets owned by every company. Its existence is needed in the operational process and determines the company's success in achieving its goals. Therefore, companies need to maintain competent employees. This study aims to analyze the level of turnover intention seen from job stress factors and mediated by job satisfaction.
Design/Methodology/Approach- The object of this research is Matahari Department Store employees at Palu Grand Mall, Palu, Indonesia who are then given a questionnaire containing indicators of each variable. The number of samples in this study was 100 respondents, and data processing using Smart PLS software version 4.
Findings- The results prove that only the first and second hypotheses are accepted, and job stress has a positive effect on turnover intention and job satisfaction. Job satisfaction has a negative effect on turnover intention, but it is not significant. The mediation hypothesis in this study was also rejected, so job satisfaction does not mediate the impact of job stress on turnover intention.
Research limitations/implications- This study is limited to employees of the Matahari Department Store in Palu Grand Mall, Palu, Indonesia. Therefore, the results can not be generalized or describe the condition of all employees of Matahari Department Store. However, the results of this study can be used as evaluation material by the management of Matahari Department Store in order to reduce the number of turnover intentions.
Originality/value- This study uses employees of the Matahari Department Store in Palu Grand Mall, Palu, Indonesia, as the research object. Similar research has been done with similar objects but in different locations. In addition, this study uses the mediating variable of job satisfaction.
The effect of strategic orientation, internal environmental management, and environmental performance on green supply chain management
Authors: Bilaludin Bilaludin
Published: December 2024

Purpose-Basically, the process of fulfilling human activities will certainly have impacts, including environmental pollution. Environmental pollution carried out by irresponsible parties will cause environmental damage. Therefore, every business actor is expected to consider production activities in a more mature and planned manner, which in turn can have a positive economic, environmental and social impact. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the implementation of green supply chain management, namely strategic orientation, internal environmental management, and environmental performance.
Design/Methodology/Approach-Using the purposive sampling technique, 110 micro, small, and medium-sized businesses in Yogyakarta, Indonesia's batik industry made up the study's sample. Questionnaires were distributed to respondents in order to collect data. The Likert scale is used to measure the respondents' responses. To ensure data validity, reliability, and hypothesis testing, Smart PLS analytic techniques were used.
Findings-The findings show that green supply chain management benefited from strategic direction, internal environmental management, and environmental performance. These findings show that, according to the three influencing criteria, micro, small, and medium-sized businesses in Yogyakarta, Indonesia's batik industry have successfully incorporated green supply chain management into their daily operations.
Research limitations/implications-This study is limited to micro, small, and medium-sized businesses in Yogyakarta, Indonesia's batik industry. The application of green supply chain management to Indonesia's micro, small, and medium-sized business sector as a whole cannot be extrapolated from the study's findings.
Originality/value-Previous research has not used objects like those in this study. Previous research used micro, small and medium enterprises with different sectors in other regions of Indonesia.
Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor treatment in diabetic cats
Authors: Kraemer Anna Lena , Ramsey Ian
Published: December 2024

Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors are oral anti-hyperglycaemic agents that represent a new treatment strategy in feline diabetes mellitus and remove the need for daily injections, dose adjustments and glucose curves. Velagliflozin (Senvelgo; Boehringer Ingelheim) is currently the only licensed sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor for use in cats in the UK. It induces glucosuria and thereby lowers blood glucose concentrations, reverses glucotoxicity and improves clinical signs. The most common side effect is loose stools, but these are often self-limiting and short-lived. The most concerning complication of treatment is euglycaemic diabetic ketoacidosis, which is best avoided by appropriate patient selection and effective treatment monitoring.
Effects of long-term fire protection on Deciduous Dipterocarp Forest dynamics in Northeastern Thailand
Authors: DUANGON NATTAKARNDA , WACHRINRAT CHONGRAK , NGERNSAENGSARUAY CHATCHAI , THINKAMPHEANG SATHID , HERMHUK SUTHEERA , THONGSAWI JAKKAPHONG , PHUMPHUANG WONGSATORN , KULLAWONG ANUSORN , YARNVUDHI ARERUT , MAROD DOKRAK
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Duangon N, Wachrinrat C, Ngernsaengsaruay C, Thinkampheang S, Hermhuk S, Thongsawi J, Phumphuang W, Kullawong A, Yarnvudhi A, Marod D. 2024. Effects of long-term fire protection on Deciduous Dipterocarp Forest dynamics in Northeastern Thailand. Biodiversitas 25: 3141-3153. Forest fires are a significant problem that is often unmanaged, particularly their effect on tree regeneration. We aimed to clarify the forest dynamics and effects of climbers on tree regeneration after fire protection in a Deciduous Dipterocarp Forest in Northeastern Thailand. In 2004, permanent plots of 4 ha were established, and all trees with a Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) larger than 4.5 cm were labeled, measured, and identified. Monitoring was conducted in 2017 and 2022 when all trees with a DBH of more than 2 and 1 cm, respectively, were included and measured. The 92 species comprised 72 genera and 35 families with low species diversity. Tree density and basal area (DBH?1 cm) were 22.01 m2 ha-1 and 1,740 stem ha-1, respectively. The average recruitment rate was higher than the mortality rate throughout the study period (9.43 and 0.51 % y-1, respectively). However, it varied between periods. Long fire protection from 2004 to 2017 promoted the highest tree recruitment (12.67 % y-1, about 60 times to mortality rate) and regeneration of climbers on tree stems. It induced slightly higher mortality rates from 2017-2022, and approximately 18.87% of dead trees were damaged by dense climber cover. Our findings can help evaluate forest sustainability and support the planning of forest fire management strategies preserving species diversity in other tropical dry forests.
Spatial modeling of the use probability for Pig-nosed turtles (Carettochelys insculpta) in South Papua, Indonesia
Authors: GRAHA PURNAMA , KUSRINI MIRZA D. , SYARTINILIA SYARTINILIA , TRIANTORO RICHARD GATOT NUGROHO
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Graha P, Kusrini MD, Wijaya S, Triantoro RGN. 2024. Spatial modeling of the use probability for Pig-nosed turtles (Carettochelys insculpta) in South Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 3246-3253. The uncontrolled use of natural resources can threaten species' survival and negatively impact ecosystems, potentially affecting the economy and its service to humans. One species that requires attention is the pig-nosed turtle (Carettochelys insculpta Ramsay, 1886), the sole surviving member of the Carettochelyidae family and is only found in rivers of southern New Guinea and the northern regions of Australia. Pig-nosed turtles have been harvested intensively in Papua for their eggs and are considered vulnerable based on the International Union for Conservation of Nature red list assessment. Developing a spatial distribution model to determine the probability of use of C. insculpta priority areas is crucial to safeguard the essential areas necessary for its life cycle. This research utilized the Ecological Niche Modeling at The Metaland EcologyLab to assess use probability and identify potential conservation risks. Results of the probability of use model analysis in South Papua Province revealed that the region with the highest use probability of C. insculpta is Boven Digoel District, accounting for a significant land area of 496,019.61 hectares. In comparison, moderate use was noted in Asmat District, encompassing 921,830.76 hectares, whereas low use was recorded in the same regency, covering 695,466.10 hectares. The use probability was influenced by multiple factors, with the most significant contributions stemming from the occurrence of water (41%), distance from the settlement (21%), distance from road (14%), land cover (13%), river density (6%), and slope (5%).
Infestation and histopathology of Clinostomum sp. (Digenea: Clinostomidae) in snakeskin fish (Trichopodus pectoralis Regan, 1910) in Tempe Lake, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: IKA IKA , ANSHARY HILAL , SRIWULAN SRIWULAN
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Ika, Anshary H, Sriwulan. 2024. Infestation and histopathology of Clinostomum sp. (Digenea: Clinostomidae) in snakeskin fish (Trichopodus pectoralis Regan, 1910) in Tempe Lake, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 3263-3272. Fish diseases caused by parasites seriously threaten the aquaculture industry and wild fish populations in natural water. This research aims to identify and characterize the digenetic trematode Clinostomum sp. based on morphology and molecular characteristics and analyze the level of infestation and histopathological changes of the endoparasite infestation in snakeskin fish across three lakes (Tempe Lake, Lampulung and Latamperu Lakes) in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. A total of 300 snakeskin fish were collected from a survey conducted from July 2023 to January 2024 for parasite examination. The morphological identification of parasites, a meticulous process, was carried out to distinguish digenean species that infect snakeskin fish populations, ensuring the accuracy of our findings. The results showed that Clinostomum sp., was found infesting snakeskin fish across all three lakes within Wajo District, and the identity of the parasite was further confirmed with Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and sequencing on the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS)-5.8S region. The prevalence and mean intensity of the parasite infestation varied among the three locations surveyed, though they are not different statistically; Lampulung Lake showed a prevalence of 34%, Latamperu Lake at 28%, and Tempe Lake at 21%. The mean intensity of infestation in Lampulung Lake at 10±10.70, Latamperu Lake at 09±12.82, and Tempe Lake at 06±6.22. Histopathological analysis showed changes within the intestinal tissues of snakeskin fish associated with the infestation of Clinostomum sp., including goblet cells, hemorrhage, and cellular infiltration. This study demonstrated a consistent presence of Clinostomum sp. across all lakes, with relatively high prevalence and mean intensity of infestation. The histopathological analysis showed mild tissue alterations in infested fish. However, the high prevalence of infestation of the zoonotic digenetic trematode raises concerns about the public health impacts for local communities who consume raw or undercooked fish.
Unveiling the prevalence of invasive alien plant species in multiple-use zone of Initao-Libertad Protected Landscape and Seascape, Misamis Oriental, Philippines
Authors: HERBITO JR. LARRY C. , GUIHAWAN JAIME Q. , CASAL CHRISTINE MARIE V. , POLESTICO DAISY LOU L. , TORRES ARMI G.
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Herbito Jr. LC, Guihawan JQ, Casal CMV, Polestico DLL, Torres AG. 2024. Unveiling the prevalence of invasive alien plant species in multiple-use zone of Initao-Libertad Protected Landscape and Seascape, Misamis Oriental, Philippines. Biodiversitas 25: 3286-3294. Invasive Alien Plant Species (IAPS) threaten Protected Areas (PAs) globally, causing habitat degradation, biodiversity reduction, and ecosystem disruption. In the Philippines, data on invasive species in PAs is limited. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, abundance, and diversity of IAPS in multiple-use zone of Initao-Libertad Protected Landscape and Seascape (ILPLS), Misamis Oriental, Philippines. Using belt-transect method, a total of 15 nested plots (20×20 m for trees, 5×5 m for herbs and shrubs, and 1×1 m for grasses and lianas) were established. Twenty-nine plant species from 18 families were identified, comprising 18 Native Species (NS), seven Non-Invasive Alien Species (NIAS), and four IAPS. The IAPS identified were Gmelina arborea, Leucaena leucocephala, Lantana camara, and Swietenia macrophylla which had the highest relative abundance of 96.83%. The Shannon-Weiner diversity indices showed very low to low diversity of 0.30 to 2.17, and an unbalanced to semi-balanced species evenness of 0.17 to 0.70. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed a significant difference in relative abundance between NS and IAPS (p = 0.01576). The Wilcoxon rank-sum test indicated significant differences in species diversity and evenness of p = 0.03359 and 0.03343, respectively. These findings are crucial for developing IAPS control strategies in the ILPLS in the future.
Localized surface plasmon resonance-based optical fiber arsenic ion sensor employing Al2O3/GO nanocomposite
Authors: Banoo Fatima , Khijwania Sunil K.
Published: December 2024

A novel optical fiber arsenic (As3+) sensor, to the best of our
knowledge, based on a
localized surface plasmon
resonance (LSPR) technique, is reported in this paper. The sensor
employs Al2O3/GO nanocomposite as the sensing film. An
experimental investigation demonstrates that the proposed sensor is
characterized with a linear response in the range of
0–20 parts per billion (ppb) As3+ concentration, high sensitivity of
0.217 nm/ppb, and remarkably low limit of detection (LOD) of
0.09 ppb, which is significantly lower than the limit set by
WHO in drinking water (10 ppb). Additionally, the sensor
exhibits a very fast response time of 0.5 s and exhibits high
selectivity towards As3+ ions over the other heavy metal ions.
Furthermore, the sensor displays a very high degree of repeatability,
stability, reversibility, and reliability. To validate the proposed
sensor’s real-world applicability, the sensor is employed to detect
arsenic in real water samples. The obtained results exhibit strong
alignment with the standard inductively coupled plasma mass
spectrometry (ICPMS) method, confirming its accuracy for real-world
arsenic detection.
Five problems with color constancy metrics: discussion
Authors: Reeves Adam
Published: December 2024

Color constancy is characterized by summary statistics with several distinct problems, five of which are discussed here: choice of metric, independence of chromaticity, random matches, the bounded nature of color space, and the reliance on memory.
Study of absorber characteristics in acousto-optical cells
Authors: Titov Sergey A. , Pozhar Vitold E. , Sharikova Milana O. , Davydova Evgeniya A.
Published: December 2024

Subject of study. The study is focused on the investigation of the efficiency of an absorber for s-polarized transverse ultrasonic waves in acousto-optical devices. Aim of study. The objectives are to determine the structure of the acoustic field in acousto-optical devices and to develop a methodology for assessing the efficiency and quality of ultrasonic absorbers based on the analysis of echo-pulse ultrasonic signals. Method. The method leverages surface scattering to determine the degree of ultrasound absorption and reflection. Main results. A method for determining the quality of applied absorbent coatings has been developed. Practical significance. This method complements a set of previously developed techniques for determining the structure of an acoustic Bragg diffraction grating, which ultimately defines the characteristics of acousto-optical devices.
Software to assist lidar alignment procedure based on Rayleigh-Fit method
Authors: Verstraeten Federico , Pallotta Juan Vicente , Papandrea Sebastián , Wolfram Elian , Veiras Francisco E.
Published: December 2024

Laser-telescope alignment is a key factor in a lidar system, and its setup determines the lidar signal quality. Procedures to accomplish this task may vary depending on the operator, from detailed step-by-step procedures to visual inspection of particular behavior of the lidar signal. No matter the method used, it should be performed by an expertised lidar operator in order to preserve the lidar quality signal. In this work, a software to aim the alignment procedure is presented. With a clear interface, it helps the lidar operator to approach the right alignment state based on a live Rayleigh-Fit applied to the acquired lidar signal. Also, a quantitative result of this alignment is shown, giving to the operator a visual during the alignment procedure. Main features of the tool and working scenarios are presented.
O uso do Vicmetro como Instrumento para o estudo de conceitos trigonométricos no triângulo retângulo
Authors: De Souza Francisco Wallisson Moreira , Pereira Ana Carolina Costa , Batista Antonia Naiara de Sousa
Published: December 2024

Diante das dificuldades dos alunos, no que se refere à assimilação de conteúdos matemáticos, e de uma parcela de professores, no que concerne à falta de recursos didáticos, pesquisas têm sido desenvolvidas nos últimos anos com o objetivo de produzir materiais concretos e manipuláveis para ajudar no ensino de matemática, e um deles, é o Vicmetro destinado para se mobilizar conhecimentos matemáticos, em especial, da trigonometria. Assim, esse estudo tem como intuito apresentar uma sequência didática fazendo uso do Vicmetro para o ensino de conceitos trigonométricos, com vista a mobilizar diferentes elementos do triângulo retângulo e suas razões trigonométricas. Para isso, pautou-se em uma pesquisa qualitativa, cujos procedimentos foram baseados na pesquisa bibliográfica e por fim, produziu-se uma sequência didática envolvendo esse instrumento. Ela foi composta por duas atividades, ambas envolvendo o Vicmetro, porém com focos distintos, a primeira visa identificar os diferentes elementos de um triângulo retângulo, como ângulos e catetos, e a segunda, mobilizar as distintas razões trigonométricas. Esse estudo se configura como uma proposta inicial para o uso do instrumento, visando que por meio dele os alunos possam não só verificar um resultado, mas coloquem em movimentos diferentes conceitos matemáticos em torno da construção de triângulo. Assim, esse trabalho busca promover por meio de uma sequência didática um ensino mais dinâmico e interativo.
Higiene e higienismo na Escola Moderna de Barcelona (1901-1906): entre as transformações dos costumes e a tensão com as tradições
Authors: Silva Pedro Henrique Prado da
Published: December 2024

Este texto se preocupa em investigar os modos como a retórica higienista, proeminente na passagem do séc. XIX para o séc. XX, se adaptou aos propósitos da Escola Moderna de Barcelona (1901-1906), uma experiência escolar anarquista. A partir de conceitos da História Social, sobretudo aquela de tradição inglesa, buscou-se capturar essa voga higienista nas prescrições produzidas pela referida escola e presentes em seu periódico oficial, o Boletín de la Escuela Moderna, entre os anos de 1901 e 1906, bem como na obra La Escuela Moderna de Barcelona (1907), publicada pelo seu fundador Francisco Ferrer y Guardia (1859-1909). Foi possível constatar que, naquela experiência escolar, investiu-se em incutir novos conhecimentos e comportamentos nos estudantes, visto que os “antigos” hábitos deveriam ser superados em favor de uma melhora na saúde física, intelectual e moral deles. Entretanto, esse processo não foi impassível.
Causalidade, semelhança e figuração: considerações acerca da tese mecanicista da percepção ou figuração nas Regulae cartesianas e sua exemplaridade
Authors: Guerrezi Lucas
Published: December 2024

Resumo: Este artigo visa examinar como René Descartes abordou o clássico problema da causalidade em suas famosas Regulae ad directionem ingenii. Acreditamos que o problema da causalidade, tal como foi enfrentado por Descartes em sua célebre obra inacabada, nos oferece uma chave de leitura única para a compreensão do contexto genético e histórico da filosofia moderna. Assim, examinaremos sua noção geral de causa, bem como o contexto em que ela foi desenvolvida, ou seja, a relação de semelhança ou não entre a coisa (causa) e a ideia (efeito). Por fim, demonstraremos como Descartes resolve o problema da semelhança na relação causal promovendo sua teoria da percepção ou figuração.
Palavras-chave: Mecanicismo; Causalidade; Semelhança; Percepção; Figura.
Causality, Similarity and Figuration: considerations on the mechanistic thesis of perception or figuration in the Cartesian Regulae and its exemplarity
Abstract: This article aims to examine how René Descartes approached the classic problem of causality in his famous Regulae ad directionem ingenii. We believe that the problem of causality, proposed by Descartes in his unfinished work, offers us a unique reading key for understanding the genetic and historical context of modern philosophy. Thus, we will examine his general notion of cause, as well as the context in which it was developed, that is, the relationship of similarity or not between the thing (cause) and the idea (effect). Finally, we will demonstrate how Descartes solves the problem of similarity in the causal relationship by promoting his theory of perception or figuration.
Keywords: Mechanicism; Causality; Similarity; Perception; Figure.
Data de registro: 12/08/2024
Data de aceite: 01/11/2024
O Índice de Calor (HI) na cidade de Fortaleza, Ceará
Authors: Lima Junior Antonio Ferreira , Gomes Flávia Ingrid Bezerra Paiva , Zanella Maria Elisa
Published: December 2024

Ao longo do tempo, as mudanças no espaço tiveram como resultado a alteração das características naturais. Nesse contexto, surgiram indicadores de conforto térmico, desenvolvidos para interpretar as condições ambientais em relação ao estresse térmico. O objetivo deste estudo foi aplicar o Índice de Calor (Heat Index - HI) em diferentes bairros de Fortaleza, elegidos a partir dos diferentes tipos de cobertura do solo. Foi realizada uma campanha de coleta de dados em dez pontos da cidade, utilizando sensores termohigrômetros. A equação do HI foi aplicada aos dados coletados, de acordo com os intervalos do National Weather Service e dos intervalos adaptados para o município. Os dados indicam que Fortaleza experimentou temperaturas elevadas durante todo o período analisado (mês seco e quente), tendo impacto negativo no HI (até 42°C). A comparação das classes do indicador de conforto mostrou que, no intervalo original, poucos registros indicaram condições de conforto nos diferentes bairros, enquanto o intervalo de classes considerando a aclimatação da população indicou mais situações confortáveis. As piores condições de conforto ocorreram no período vespertino, entre 12h e 14h. Os pontos mais críticos estão associados ao adensamento de edificações e à falta de infraestruturas verdes urbanas, sendo o Parque do Cocó e o Bairro de Fátima (mais arborizados) os que apresentaram maior frequência na classe de conforto. Conclui-se que todo o território da cidade enfrenta estresse térmico, no entanto, as estruturas verdes têm o potencial de atenuar os efeitos adversos do campo térmico, melhorando o conforto humano no ambiente citadino.
Implementasi Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 96 Tahun 2012 Tentang Pelayanan Publik di Pos Lintas Batas Negara Aruk Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Carrisa Sinta , Ganafiqih Sulthan Azizou , Rahmawati Jelita , Arisdiyoto Iving
Published: December 2024

Pos Lintas Batas Negara (PLBN) merupakan tempat pemeriksaan dan pelayanan keluar masuk orang dan barang di wilayah Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia yang menggunakan paspor dan/atau pas lintas batas. Memiliki fungsi utama dalam memberikan pelayanan publik yang prima baik kepada Masyarakat setempat maupun Masyarakat pendatang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan bagaimana implementasi Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 96 Tahun 2012 tentang Pelayanan Publik di PLBN Aruk. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan studi literatur. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu pelayanan publik di PLBN Aruk belum sepenuhnya berjalan dengan baik, hal ini disebabkan oleh kurangnya personel SDM yang tidak sebanding dengan waktu pelayanan setiap hari sehingga sering terjadi keterlambatan dalam proses pelayanan. Meningkatnya jumlah Masyarakat pada hari libur menyebabkan personel di PLBN Aruk harus melakukan pelayanan diluar jam kerja semestinya. Adapun saran dari penelitian ini yaitu pemerintah diharapkan melakukan intervensi atau solusi berupa penambahan personel SDM di wilayah PLBN Aruk agar terciptanya pelayanan publik yang prima.
Exploring genetic diversity in Indian ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) through microsatellite markers
Authors: Vaishnavi B A , Venkatesan K , Senthil N , Mohanalakshmi M , Paranitharan V , Thamaraiselvi S P
Published: December 2024

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) holds significant value as a rhizomatous spice known for its distinct taste and aroma. India is the worlds' largest producer, exporter, and consumer of ginger. Local names commonly know many ginger cultivars, and since the crop is propagated vegetatively, the chances of mixing are very high. This complicates the maintenance of purity and distinct characteristics of each variety. In the present study, thirty-two ginger genotypes were procured from various regions nationwide and assessed using 49 SSR (Simple Sequence Repeats) markers to evaluate their genetic diversity patterns. Among the 49 markers, 19 primers were amplified and produced 23 polymorphic bands, resulting in a polymorphism percentage of 52.63%. Additionally, the unweighted pair group method (UPGMA) cluster analysis grouped the genotypes into five distinct clusters, with similarity coefficients ranging from 0.31 to 1.00. This suggests that each genotype exhibits substantial variability. Genotypes Maran and Acc. 581 showed a similarity value 1.00, indicating perfect similarity (100%) in their genetic characteristics. These findings emphasize the critical role of SSR markers in germplasm conservation and highlight the potential for utilizing genetic diversity in breeding programs to develop improved ginger varieties with desirable traits.
The Non-Partition of Sindh
Authors: Kataria Shyamal
Published: December 2024

While Partition can indeed be viewed as a tragedy of epic proportions for anyone that has a belief in common humanity, it is undoubtedly the case that certain groups were more impacted by it than others, both materially and psychologically. This article will focus on one such group, the Hindu Sindhis, who, unlike most other non-Muslims that fled the territories of would-be/realised Pakistan, did not have a linguistically similar destination within rump India to migrate to. Indeed many Hindu Sindhis lament the fact that they lost their entire province to Pakistan. Taking this into view, this article will attempt to tackle the question of whether the partition of Sindh, along the lines implemented in certain other provinces of British India, was a legitimate option at the time to lobby for.
Enhancing Middle School Mathematics Teaching Effectiveness through the Utilization of GeoGebra Software
Authors: Zhao Daying , Chen Lina , Fu Chan Liu
Published: December 2024

With the widespread application of modern information technology in the field of education and the deepening of the new curriculum reform, middle school mathematics teaching is facing new opportunities and challenges. As a powerful dynamic mathematics software, GeoGebra plays an increasingly important role in middle school mathematics teaching due to its intuitiveness, interactivity, and dynamism. This paper first introduces the characteristics of GeoGebra software and then elaborates on its application in middle school mathematics teaching from the perspectives of teachers and students, aiming to provide new ideas and methods for mathematics teaching.