bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does ATP via purinergic receptor signalling fuel pulmonary fibrosis?
Authors: Forde Luke , Gogoi Debananda , Baird Rory , McCarthy Cormac , Keane Michael P. , Reeves Emer P. , McGrath Emmet E.
Published: December 2024

Background: Interstitial lung diseases (ILD) are poorly understood disorders characterised by diffuse damage to the lung parenchyma, with inflammation and fibrosis. Some manifest a progressive fibrotic phenotype with high fatality and limited treatment options, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Summary: The degree to which inflammation plays a role in fibrosis progression is unknown. However, wound healing and fibrosis are intricate processes influenced by various inflammatory factors. Extracellular nucleosides and nucleotides, including adenosine triphosphate (ATP), activate pro-inflammatory responses of innate immunity and are widely implicated in tissue fibrosis across different organs. The pro-inflammatory effects of extracellular nucleotides occur via P1 and P2 purinergic receptors, expressed across the lung and immune system, and have been implicated in various pulmonary diseases including pulmonary fibrosis. This review amalgamates available data on the complex role of P1 and P2 purinergic receptor signalling in pulmonary fibrosis and discusses perspectives for novel treatments. Key Messages: Purinergic signalling plays a complex and pivotal role in pulmonary fibrosis, warranting further study. The intricate interplay between P1 and P2 receptor pathways necessitates a comprehensive approach to understand their collective impact. While evidence from preclinical models is promising, human studies are essential for further understanding in pulmonary fibrosis. Advances in receptor-specific agonists and antagonists provide novel avenues for research and may ultimately lead to new therapies for patients.
Regional deprivation and diabetic ketoacidosis at type 1 diabetes diagnosis in children and adolescents: International comparison among 6 countries
Authors: Alonso G. Todd , Reinauer Christina , Williams Georgina M. , Gesuita Rosaria , Jefferies Craig , Dovc Klemen , Grimsmann Julia M. , Triolo Taylor M. , Shetty Ambika , Holl Reinhard W. , Cherubini Valentino
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The incidence of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at the time of diagnosis of type 1 diabetes in youth varies between countries and is influenced by socioeconomic factors. We investigated the relationship between regional deprivation indices and DKA at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes in six countries.

Methods: We analyzed children 0.5 to 17.0 years old diagnosed with type 1 diabetes between 2019-2022 across six diabetes registries. Regional deprivation index within each country was standardized to compare each individual’s socioeconomic status internationally. Log-binomial regression models assessed the association between the standardized deprivation index and DKA, with sex, age group, and year as covariates.

Results: Among 21,020 children (mean age 9.08 [SD 4.19] years) the DKA rate of 36.5%. Cohorts were: Germany (n=13,561, DKA 32.5%), Italy (4,659, 42.5%), Colorado USA (1,318, 54.9%), Wales (769, 35.2%), New Zealand (407, 43.7%), and Slovenia (306, 37.6%). Deprivation was associated with increased risk of DKA in children 0.5-< 6 (OR 1.16 [95% CI 1.10 - 1.23], p < 0.0001) and 6-<12 years of age (1.05 [1.05 – 1.11], p = 0.02). Female sex increased risk of DKA (1.06, [1.00 - 1.13], p = 0.04). The proportion of DKA was lower in 2019 than in 2020, 2021, and 2022 (each p < 0.0001).

Conclusion: Deprivation was significantly associated with the risk of DKA at the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes, and DKA was more common during the pandemic years 2020-2022 than in 2019. Younger children appear to be more vulnerable to deprivation than older patients. Understanding and reducing local and demographic-specific disparities is essential for effective intervention.
Entrepreneurship perception in higher education. A comparative study among Students, Faculty Members and Directors
Authors: Castillo-Vergara Mauricio , álvarez-Marín Alejandro
Published: December 2024

(descriptive): A set of variables affects the building of a university ecosystem fostering an entrepreneurial culture among students. The purpose of this study was to assess the perceptions of students, faculty members and directors of Higher Education Centers in the region of Coquimbo, Chile with respect to entrepreneurship, taking into account diverse variables in order to establish signifcant differences in these perceptions that could affect institutional policies or actions, which may ultimately have an impact in regional development. The descriptive study performed on a sample of twelve Higher Education institutions revealed signifcant differences between the perceptions of academics and students on the infuence of the following variables: infrastructure; networking; institutional experience; skills; risk-taking. Likewise, the directors showed signifcant differences in their appreciations of the relative importance of the variables: teaching strategies; academic skills; government programs and strategies covering students and/or academics.
¿Qué mueve a las organizaciones juveniles?
Authors: Ortiz-Ruiz Nicolás
Published: December 2024

(analítico): En este documento se da cuenta de la producción de sentidos que constituyen y movilizan a las organizaciones juveniles. A través de un enfoque cualitativo, se analizan los marcos de acción que orientan sus idearios, motivaciones y vínculos afectivos, a partir de sus relaciones internas, la interacción con otros actores y un condicionamiento contextual y estructural. El alcance de este artículo es visibilizar el condicionamiento del entorno y las experiencias individuales como niveles de análisis que en la práctica se entrecruzan para producir sentidos colectivos y "moverâ€ a las organizaciones juveniles en contextos específicos.
Programa de Actividad Física Extracurricular en Adolescentes con Sobrepeso u Obesidad
Authors: Tortosa-Martínez Miguel , Gil-Madrona Pedro , Pastor-Vicedo Juan Carlos , Contreras-Jordán Onofre
Published: December 2024

(analítico): Nuestro objetivo en este estudio es comprobar la eficacia de un programa de actividad físico-deportiva (PAF) extracurricular, en un grupo de adolescentes con sobrepesoobesidad, durante un período de 6 meses, respecto al consumo máximo de oxígeno, frecuencia cardíaca de recuperación, presión arterial e índice de grasa cintura/cadera, y ver las diferencias en cuanto al género. El estudio lo realizamos con 38 estudiantes de primer ciclo de secundaria, con un IMC superior al percentil 85. Los resultados reflejan mejoras significativas en el grupo experimental (GE), tras la realización del PAF, comparado con el grupo control (GC). Los componentes del GE mejoran en las variables fisiológicas y antropométricas, y también en función del género. Por otro lado, los datos obtenidos por el GC, reflejan una leve mejora en cuanto al VO2max, pero no en el resto de variables. Estos resultados sugieren la importancia de un adecuado programa de actividad físico-deportiva como contribución a mejorar parámetros cardiovasculares en adolescentes.
Generación Hashtag. Los movimientos juveniles en la era de la web social
Authors: Feixa Carles , Fernández-Planells Ariadna , Figueras-Maz Mónica
Published: December 2024

This paper reflects on the metamorphosis of youth movements in the transition from the digital age to what we can call hiperdigital age (that is, the age of the social web). This transition is synthesized in a terminological change: Generation @ or At Generation versus Generation # or Hashtag Generation. The paper is organized into two parts. The first section takes the discussion in an article published fifteen years ago (Feixa, 2000) and the differences between one and another generation in the following comparison: history of the significant (ie, Signs @ and #) and meaning of the two terms. The second section, from the comparative analysis of the dilemmas of each generation, approach the transitions and theoretical features of the current generation # or hiperdigital generation. Social movements, often featuring youth, are where these theorized transitions are manifested in all its glory.
Key words: youth, generations, information society (Social Sciences Unesco Tesaurus).
Autors key words: generation @, generation At sign, generation #, generation Hashtag.
Jóvenes y patriarcado en la sociedad TIC: Una reflexión desde la violencia simbólica de género en redes sociales
Authors: Flores Paula , Browne Rodrigo
Published: December 2024

(analytical): This paper analyses how representations of gender violence are either perpetrated or transformed in our society. A society permeated by information and communication technologies where young people are the main protagonists. Specifically, this paper focuses on social networks. These platforms have reached such a significance in their level of use among new generations that they have reconfigured identity processes and relational paradigms. As a result,spaces are provided for the magnification or annulation of a myriad of expressions of gender violence expressions that are both explicit and symbolic. Based on this conceptualization, a theoretical analytical reflection was conducted by the authors using the methodology of literature review. This evidenced the need to question how the internet impacts on the way in which young people build their gender identities and social relationships as social actors in a paternal culture.
Key words: Patriarchy, gender violence, young people, communication technologies, social networks (Thesaurus for Gender: language with equity. National Institute of Women, Mexico).
O Terrarum S. Michaelis do padre Tadeu Henis: um mapa missioneiro e seus cartógrafos Guarani
Authors: Furtado Júnia Ferreira , Barcelos Artur Henrique
Published: December 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é rastrear a participação dos Guarani missioneiros num mapa produzido nas Reduções jesuíticas da Banda Oriental do Rio Uruguai, no século XVIII. Trata-se do Terrarum S. Michaelis Oppidi Americae Meridionalis..., atribuído ao padre jesuíta Tadeu Henis. Para tanto, apresenta a formação cartográfica que os Guarani missioneiros receberam dos jesuítas e os papéis que ocuparam nos trabalhos de demarcação desse território, após o Tratado de Madri (1750), os quais revelam o saber geográfico que possuíam e sua capacidade de produzir mapas. Em seguida, discute o próprio conceito de autoria cartográfica, com o intuito de compreender o papel do padre Henis e dos Guarani missioneiros no seu processo de produção. Ao analisar aspectos materiais do mapa, especialmente as diversas caligrafias presentes, o artigo aponta para a participação dos Guarani, que se revela na representação do território conforme suas noções de espaço e no emprego da toponímia Guarani com o intuito de rememorar seus direitos ancestrais sobre o território, o que comprova sua participação enquanto seus criadores.
A instituição Obras Contra as Secas e o planejamento regional no semiárido do Brasil (1909-1945)
Authors: Queiroz Marcus Vinicius Dantas de
Published: December 2024

Estudia las acciones de la institución Obras Contra as Secas (Obras Contra las Sequías – OCS) en la región semiárida de Brasil entre 1909 y 1945. Analiza el papel de la OCS como organismo estatal de planificación regional en las zonas secas del país. Señala que, desde su creación, la agencia tenía un proyecto de modernización económica y social para los llamados “sertões do Norte”, basado en la construcción sistémica y articulada de infraestructuras hídricas y viales que fueran capaces de promover la agricultura irrigada y fijar la población campesina a la tierra. Como resultado, la agencia planeó y construyó grandes represas, canales de riego, campamentos de construcción, aldeas de trabajadores, colonias agrícolas, vías férreas, carreteras, aeropuertos. Finalmente, señala que la OCS fue una de las primeras instituciones estatales en pensar en el desarrollo integrado de una región brasileña.
Gente “Diferenciada”. A Classe Criativa
Authors: Motta Daniel , Bernardini Sidney
Published: December 2024

A crise do capitalismo impulsiona a reestruturação dos meios de produção, valorizando a cultura e a criatividade como motores do desenvolvimento urbano. O conceito de "classe criativa" de Richard Florida sugere que trabalhadores com habilidades criativas e inovadoras são impulsionadores do crescimento econômico. No entanto, essa visão tem sido criticada por sua postura elitista e mercadófila ao ignorar a diversidade e a criatividade que já fazem parte das manifestações autóctones dos territórios. Utilizando o ferramental analítico de Pierre Bourdieu, que destaca as relações de poder, capital cultural e distinção social, este artigo demonstra que o conceito de classe criativa se baseia em uma noção restrita da criatividade. Conclui-se que o conceito de classe criativa é uma ferramenta limitada para compreender os territórios, devendo ser explicitada e abordada criticamente para que, ao se pensar uma fórmula de atuação no âmbito das Cidades Criativas, se chegue a uma visão mais abrangente e inclusiva da criatividade, procurando superar a hegemonia neoliberal.
Efectos de la recuperación del Camino de Santiago y sugerencias para una red peninsular de caminos
Authors: Puig Arturo Soria y
Published: December 2024

Não há
Domestic animals in the Algodoal-Maiandeua Environmental Protection Area in the state of Pará: actions for One Health
Authors: David Maridelzira Betânia Moraes , Santana Ricardo Luis Sousa , Carvalho Elaine Lopes de , Cabral Gerônimo da Silva , Moreira Luiz Fernando Moraes , Giese Elane Guerreiro
Published: December 2024

Environmental protection areas suffer from human interventions such as introducing domestic animals (dogs and cats) without management or sanitary care, causing public health inconvenience and conserving natural ecosystems. This is especially the case when populations are established without any reproductive control, interfering in the daily interspecies relationships, which can cause ecosystem imbalances. Given this, the objective of this research was to carry out activities to promote One Health in the Sustainable Use Conservation Unit Algodoal Maiandeua Environmental Protection Area located in the municipality of Maracanã in the State of Pará, through actions that involved vaccination, deworming, and surgical sterilization of dogs and cats, as well as educational lectures on animal welfare, guardianship, crimes of abuse, and zoonoses. During the actions involving cats and dogs, 208 animals were vaccinated, 138 were dewormed, and 237 were sterilized. For this reason, it is crucial to sustain these actions by focusing on One Health aspects of native fauna conservation and the continuity of ecological processes on the island.
Editorial
Authors: Garcia Rita de Cassia Maria
Published: December 2024

Editorial for the special Collective Veterinary Medicine
Saúde das Populações Indígenas Brasileiras: vulnerabilidades históricas e o enfrentamento da COVID-19 na atualidade
Authors: Ribeiro Ana Elisa Rodrigues Alves , Beretta Regina Célia de Souza
Published: December 2024

Durante la mayor parte de la historia de la salud indígena, los diferentes pueblos de Brasil solo tenían sus recursos de salud para hacer frente a las “nuevas” enfermedades. En 1999, la Ley Arouca, marca organizativa del sector, estableció el Subsistema de Atención de Salud Indígena; antes de eso, se llevaron a cabo acciones de salud aleatorias como una forma de protección social para estos pueblos. La Política Nacional de Salud de los Pueblos Indígenas fue aprobada en 2002, en 2010 se creó la Secretaría Especial de Salud Indígena para administrar el subsistema. Esta historia señaló mayores vulnerabilidades de salud para estos pueblos, incluido el escenario pandémico actual Sars-Cov-2. Se trata de una revisión integradora de cómo COVID-19 involucró a los territorios indígenas brasileños de manera específica y preocupante. Con números mucho mayores para estos grupos, lo que puede sugerir impactos más profundos, debido a la imposibilidad de la identidad indígena y la necesidad de mejorar la información sobre la salud indígena, es necesario contextualizar para comprender estos resultados actuales (y antiguos) de la salud indígena. Incluso con signos previos, los impactos de esta enfermedad incluyeron pérdidas culturales irreparables, sus formas de vida, de tradición oral y las características de riesgo de la enfermedad, llevaron a muchos guardianes del conocimiento de los pueblos indígenas brasileños.
Ética, Cidadania e Corrupção Estrutural no Brasil: histórico e impasses
Authors: Mendes Danielle Heloísa Bandeira
Published: December 2024

En los últimos años, el debate sobre la corrupción en Brasil ha alcanzado niveles más altos debido a su mayor denuncia y publicidad. El objetivo de esta investigación fue demostrar que, a pesar del aumento de la discusión actual, el problema de la corrupción tiene sus orígenes en la formación del país y permea todos los gobiernos existentes, y también está presente en las desviaciones cometidas por los ciudadanos a diario. Así, la metodología utilizada fue el abordaje hipotético-deductivo, con procedimientos históricos y comparativos, profundidad explicativa y recolección de datos bibliográficos y documentales. A través de una revisión de la historia de Brasil y de estudios sobre democracia, ética y ciudadanía política, se llegó a la conclusión de que la corrupción ocurre desde el inicio de la estructura del país y de la propia constitución humana, persistiendo debido a la impunidad y a la falta de formación ética y ciudadana de la población.
Manuscrito cuervo, o humor na absurda tragédia da guerra
Authors: Berchez Amanda , Oliveira Katia Aparecida da Silva
Published: December 2024

Este estudo parte da hipótese de que o humor foi o mecanismo que Max Aub conseguiu eleger para, em Manuscrito cuervo, narrar os traumas contraídos em ocasiões várias, abordar o peso que carregou consigo das tragédias vivenciadas. Entre elas, a Guerra Civil Espanhola, em que ele foi classificado como “comunista perigoso” e, por isso, encaminhado para o campo de concentração de Le Vernet. Isso nos ajuda a entender a condição “entre-terras” do autor (que nasceu parisiense, se afiliou espanhol, regressou à França enquanto prisioneiro de guerra e, por fim, se refugiou no México), que mais pareceu ter sido prismada como impossibilidade de pertencimento e de situar sua individualidade. Foi donde reclamou um corvo para registrar experiências, em especial, da guerra, mas também adentrando problemáticas relacionadas, como exílio e identidade. Depreendemos que, pelo cômico, Aub violou a potência e a impenetrabilidade dos horrores que conheceu pelas mãos de outros “humanos”, embora nunca tenha disso se desvencilhado. Uma vez testemunha, sempre testemunha.
Imagining Human-AI Memory Symbiosis
Authors: Richardson-Walden Victoria Grace , Makhortykh Mykola
Published: December 2024

In this article, we critically examine the history of artificial intelligence (ai) to explore how it can shape the future of collective memory. By situating our work within critical debates that challenge the dominant anthropomorphising discourse of ai, we scrutinise how ai specificities shape its interactions with information about the past. We highlight how the development of ai has been often misremembered in public discourse, and by extension in the humanities, and explore the consequences for ai’s emerging status as a form of media memory. Based on our exploration, we outline three scenarios for the future of ai-shaped collective memory: 1) the reiteration of the simulative paradigm of ai media memory; 2) the enfolding of ai as an alien actant in human (memory) collectives; and 3) the recognition of the radical alterity of ai for human-ai memory symbiosis.
Collective Memory Through Computer Memories
Authors: Volynskaya Alina
Published: December 2024

Articulating the interplay between collective memory and artificial intelligence, this paper examines the saildart archive, a unique digital collection derived from the backup tapes of the Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (sail). Preserved somewhat serendipitously and not originally intended to serve as an archive, saildart has retained nearly the entire contents of the laboratory’s computers from 1972 to 1990. By exploring the archive’s origins, structure, selection and appraisal practices, the article sets the stage for a discussion on the nature of machine-recorded and machine-produced (collective) memory. It not only aims to contribute to the historiography of early ai but also raises questions about interpreting such a machine archive. As a method of archival interpretation, I propose to employ modern ai algorithms, thereby making them a medium for understanding and interpreting their own history.
Taxonomy and calling songs of some species of Cardiodactylus (Gryllidae, Eneopterinae, Lebinthini) from New Guinea
Authors: DEPRAZ EMILIEN , TAN MING KAI , RAHANDRA ERLANI FEBRIDA , RAMANDEY EUNICE R. P. F. , DAAWIA  , ROBILLARD TONY
Published: December 2024

Four species of Cardiodactylus efordi Otte, 2007 species group are studied here based on new material collected from recent fieldwork in New Guinea. Cardiodactylus minuta Bhowmik, 1981 and Cardiodactylus nigris Bhowmik, 1981 are redescribed. The calling songs of Cardiodactylus javarere Otte, 2007, Cardiodactylus minuta and Cardiodactylus nigris are described here, whereas that of Cardiodactylus busu Otte, 2007 is redescribed.
Echiniscus gemmatussp. nov. (Heterotardigrada: Echiniscidae; the spinulosus morphogroup) from Macau, China
Authors: LEONG WENG-I , YU JR-KAI , TSAI ISHENG JASON , KACZMAREK ŁUKASZ , LEE YI-CHIEN , LIN CHUNG-PING
Published: December 2024

The study of tardigrades in urban environments, particularly in natural areas within cities, has been significantly overlooked. A recent discovery of a new species of tardigrade in lichens collected from Mong Há Hill Municipal Park in Macau provides new insights into the population of tardigrades within the city. Echiniscus gemmatus sp. nov. was identified based on distinct morphological characters, morphometric measurements, and DNA sequences of nuclear (18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, ITS-1, and ITS-2), as well as a mitochondrial (COI) markers. Our research indicates that Ech. gemmatus sp. nov. belongs to the Echiniscus spinulosus morphogroup and is most similar to Ech. tropicalis, as confirmed by both qualitative characters and DNA barcoding. Notably, Echiniscus gemmatus sp. nov. exhibits distinct characteristics that differentiate it from other members of the Ech. spinulosus morphogroup, including (1) often asymmetrical short spines B, C, Cd, Dd, and E, and (2) larger and more visible pores tend to be concentrated in the median and posterior portions of the first and second paired plates, with their visibility gradually decreasing towards the anterior and lateral suture regions.
Makarchenkoia gen. nov., a new genus of Orthocladiinae (Diptera, Chironomidae) from Arctic
Authors: KRASHENINNIKOV ANDREY B. , VSHIVKOVA KRISTINA A.
Published: December 2024

Using adult males, Makarchenkoia samoyedica gen. nov. et sp. nov. from Yugorsky, Yamal and Taimyr Peninsulas of Arctic region are described and figured. New genus is separated from other Orthocladiinae genera on the basis of the combination of the following characters: eyes bare, reniform, without dorsomedial extension, apex of antenna without apical or subapical seta, squama without setae, R4+5 ending distal to end of M3+4, acrostichals begin at the border with antepronotum, hooked, single-row near the pronotum, double-row closer to the middle of the mesonotum, pulvilli reduced, tergite IX is densely covered with spinous microtrichia, anal point is naked, microtrichia are located only at its base, but 0–2 setae are located laterally, gonocoxite with a relatively well-developed rounded or rectangular SVo covered short setae, IVo consists of a dorsal part in the form of a small protrusion and a ventral part in the form of a cushion, densely covered with short setae, TSa convex, virga weak.
Currently, this genus includes two species: Makarchenkoia samoyedica sp. nov. from the Yugorsky, the Yamal and the Taimyr Peninsulas and M. nudisquama (Makarchenko et Makarchenko, 2003), comb. nov. from the Okhotsk Sea basin.
Social Influencers and Election Outcomes
Authors: Klüver Heike
Published: December 2024

Do social influencers affect election outcomes? Social influencers can reach millions of people through social media platforms such as Facebook, YouTube, TikTok and Instagram. However, research on social influencers is scarce and it is unclear whether they can affect elections. I argue that social influencers can influence elections through their role as digital opinion leaders and their power to shape the public agenda. Empirically, this study leverages an event that occurred during the 2019 European election campaign. Eight days before the 2019 EP election, the social influencer Rezo published a video in which he severely attacks the christian democratic CDU/CSU which was watched by over 11.5 million users until the election. Based on a differences-in-differences design, it is shown that the video had a sizeable effect on the election resulting in considerable vote losses for the CDU/CSU. The results are important for the debate on electoral competition and social media.
Effects of Directive 2010/63/EU on research on wild-sourced animals: a review of publication trends in studies on captive wild mice (Apodemus sp.)
Authors: Carrilho Maílis , von Merten Sophie , Mathias Maria da Luz , Tapisso Joaquim T.
Published: December 2024

Most animals used in experimentation are small mammals. In the EU, Directive 2010/63/EU regulates the use of laboratory animals for experimental purposes. However, there are few guidelines for the use of wild-sourced animals, which cover permits, experimentation, transport, maintenance, and setting free after experiments. To evaluate the effect of the Directive on the study of wild-sourced animals, we conducted a systematised literature review focusing on three widespread rodents of the genus Apodemus: Apodemus agrarius, A. flavicollis and A. sylvaticus. We selected studies performed across the EU, published before (2000–August 2010), during (September 2010–2012) and after implementation of the Directive (2013–2022). From those, we collected data on three main topics: i) authorisation; ii) care and accommodation and iii) methods of killing. We found that after implementation of the Directive a higher proportion of published studies provided information about authorisation. In contrast, there was no significant difference over time in the information given about the care and accommodation of animals or methods of killing. As such, our analysis suggests that there is still room for improvement to achieve consistency across journals publishing research involving wild-sourced small mammals. Specifically, editors should require the provision of detailed information by authors regarding proper animal care (e.g. more detailed care and accommodation protocols). To harmonise the information requested by different editorial boards, we recommend the addition of specific guidelines in the Directive regarding wild animals, particularly on their proper accommodation, manipulation, enrichment and veterinary control.
Assessment of technology adoption in construction safety management: Case study in China
Authors: Xu Jinjing , Li Jintao , Chen Xiaohong
Published: December 2024

The current body of literature indicates that the utilization of emerging digital safety technologies has the potential to enhance the efficacy of safety management in construction significantly. Nevertheless, there has been limited uptake of digital safety technologies within the construction industry in developing countries. This study is focused on evaluating the adoption of digital safety technologies in construction specifically from the perspective of developing countries. Questionnaire data were gathered from project management professionals in China and subjected to analysis using mean ratings, factor analysis, and fuzzy composite evaluation. The developed model for assessing safety technology adoption comprises four primary criterion groups about factors influencing adoption, namely organizational, technological, individual, and external categories. The study results indicate that factors within the technology category exert the most significant influence on the adoption assessment model, followed by those in the external and organizational categories, and finally by individual category factors. These findings contribute to advancing the theory of digital technology adoption in construction safety management research within developing countries. Practitioners can utilize this information to effectively evaluate and compare success rates of safety technology adoption, thereby informing management decisions required for projects. The insights provided by this study will equip practitioners with scientific knowledge for more effective and sustainable program management, ultimately enhancing the success of safety technologies.
What Determines the Public’s Evaluations of State-Level Environmental Agencies?
Authors: Hopper JoyAnna S.
Published: December 2024

Americans’ evaluations of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) are well-documented by polling and survey outlets. However, evaluations of state environmental agencies are not routinely measured. Understanding Americans’ evaluations of these agencies is important because agencies rely on funding and support from elected officials who pay close attention to opinions in the public. Negative evaluations can lead to the inability to pursue assigned mandate(s). In this article, I use unique survey data to explore factors that shape opinion of state environmental agencies. I find that, even when accounting for partisanship, impressions of environmental quality and trust in state bureaucratic institutions shape opinions.
Comparing anesthesia protocols in high intensity focused ultrasound treatments: The HIFU-pain study
Authors: Casoni Paolo , Nanni Emanuele , Pizzamiglio Matteo , Bissacco Daniele
Published: December 2024

Background

to compare different anesthesia protocols during High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) for saphenous trunk (GSV/SSV) and/or varicosities incompetence treatment.

Material and methods

patients with GSV/SSV incompetence with varicose veins underwent HIFU under different anesthesia protocols. The primary endpoint was the pain score during HIFU using a 10-point scale.

Results

Out of 262 legs analyzed, main pain score was 1.03 ± 1.27. Intradermal + oral anesthesia treatments resulted in less procedural pain if compared with intradermal ± perivenous protocols (1.30 ± 0.19 vs 0.81 ± 0.09; p = .001). Conversely, perivenous injection decrease early complete recanalization rate.

Conclusion

These preliminary results suggest that HIFU is an almost pain-free procedure. Procedural pain could be further minimized by using specific intradermal + oral anesthesia treatments, despite perivenous anesthetic could improve postoperative outcomes.
Microglia balances hypermyelination and demyelination in the brain
Authors: Chen Weijie , Zhang Yueman , Li Peiying
Published: December 2024

Myelin is crucial for neuron health and central nervous system (CNS) function. Recent research by McNamara et al. highlighted microglia’s essential role in compacting the myelin sheath during development and their absence leads to aberrant oligodendrocyte clusters and subsequent cognitive impairment. The study revealed that the critical involvement of the TGFβ1–TGFβR1 axis in microglia-oligodendrocyte communication could influence the oligodendrocyte lipid metabolism and thereby regulate myelin integrity. Further exploration is needed to fully elucidate the dual impact of microglia on myelination, and interactions with other glial cells, holding promise for discovering new targets in myelin-related neurodegenerative and CNS disorders.
Investigating strategies enabling novice users to teach plannable hierarchical tasks to robots
Authors: Moorman Nina , Singh Aman , Natarajan Manisha , Hedlund-Botti Erin , Schrum Mariah , Yang Chuxuan , Seelam Lakshmi , Gombolay Matthew C. , Gopalan Nakul
Published: December 2024

Learning from demonstration (LfD) seeks to democratize robotics by enabling non-experts to intuitively program robots to perform novel skills through human task demonstration. Yet, LfD is challenging under a task and motion planning (TAMP) setting, as solving long-horizon manipulation tasks requires the use of hierarchical abstractions. Prior work has studied mechanisms for eliciting demonstrations that include hierarchical specifications for robotics applications but has not examined whether non-roboticist end-users are capable of providing such hierarchical demonstrations without explicit training from a roboticist for each task. We characterize whether, how, and which users can do so. Finding that the result is negative, we develop a series of training domains that successfully enable users to provide demonstrations that exhibit hierarchical abstractions. Our first experiment shows that fewer than half (35.71%) of our subjects provide demonstrations with hierarchical abstractions when not primed. Our second experiment demonstrates that users fail to teach the robot with adequately detailed TAMP abstractions, when not shown a video demonstration of an expert’s teaching strategy. Our experiments reveal the need for fundamentally different approaches in LfD to enable end-users to teach robots generalizable long-horizon tasks without being coached by experts at every step. Toward this goal, we developed and evaluated a set of TAMP domains for LfD in a third study. Positively, we find that experience obtained in different, training domains enables users to provide demonstrations with useful, plannable abstractions on new, test domains just as well as providing a video prescribing an expert’s teaching strategy in the new domain.
Four pathogenic variants co-occurring in a MINAS early-onset breast cancer
Authors: Bondavalli Davide , Urtis Mario , Grasso Maurizia , Giorgianni Carmela , Cassani Chiara , Sgarella Adele , Ferrari Alberta , Rizzo Gianpiero , Arbustini Eloisa
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Multilocus Inherited Neoplasia Allele Syndrome (MINAS) is a condition defined by the presence of germline pathogenic variants in more than one Cancer Susceptibility Gene (CSG). MINAS is still underreported in the literature and public databases. Since MINAS-related phenotypes are difficult to predict, case descriptions may contribute to risk assessment, treatment, and personalized surveillance for proband and relatives.

Case Description:

Here we report a unique case of early onset, bifocal, non-Triple Negative breast cancer in a 31-year-old woman. Fast metastatic dissemination involving the brain caused the death of the patient in a few months. Her multigene panel testing showed the co-occurrence of pathogenic variants in PALB2 (c.1221del; p.Thr408fs*40), ATM (c.8545C>T; p.Arg2849*), PMS2 (c.1919C>A; p.Ser640*), and MUTYH (c.1103G>A; p.Gly368Asp). The patient inherited the ATM and MUTYH variants from the mother, and PALB2 and PMS2 variants from the father. The brother inherited the maternal ATM and paternal PMS2 variants. A baseline imaging-based family screening excluded malignancies in both parents and in the brother. Tailored monitoring is ongoing based on the risk predicted by pathogenic variants identified in family members.

Conclusions:

Currently, there are no predictive tools available to determine organ-specific cancer risk in MINAS patients. Given the uncertainty in predicting the phenotypic effect of multiple variants in CSGs, ongoing clinical surveillance and sharing data from complex cases are crucial for improving risk stratification in this condition.
Preliminary study: Low to moderate PEEP effects on ICP in acute neurological injury patients under mechanical ventilation
Authors: Xiu Nan
Published: December 2024

Background

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) significantly impacts mortality and prognosis in acute neurological injury patients. Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is essential in mechanical ventilation to enhance oxygenation, yet its application may elevate intracranial pressure (ICP). Studies show conflicting findings regarding PEEP's effect on ICP, particularly at low to moderate levels (5–10cmH2O), warranting further investigation in acute neurological injury cases.

Objective

To assess the impact of low to moderate PEEP on ICP in patients with acute neurological injury who require mechanical ventilation.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of 62 patients with acute neurological injury requiring mechanical ventilation at our hospital between January 2021 and September 2023 was conducted. Patients were divided into high PEEP (> 10cmH2O) and low to moderate PEEP (5–10cmH2O) groups. Parameters including PaO2, PaCO2, PaO2/FiO2, driving pressure, compliance (Cst), airway resistance, such as heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), central venous pressure (CVP), cardiac index (CI), ICP, and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) were recorded pre- and post-ventilation initiation, with correlation analysis performed between ICP and other parameters.

Results

Pre-treatment comparisons between the high PEEP and low to moderate PEEP groups revealed no significant differences in PaO2, PaCO2, PaO2/FiO2, driving pressure, Cs, and airway resistance. However, post-treatment analysis showed significant disparities, with the high PEEP group exhibiting higher PaO2 and PaO2/FiO2 levels and lower PaCO2, driving pressure, and airway resistance levels compared to the low to moderate PEEP group. Additionally, hemodynamic parameters such as HR, SBP, DBP, CI, MAP, CVP, ICP, and CPP remained more stable in the low to moderate PEEP group post-treatment, with ICP demonstrating significant correlations with various physiological parameters.

Conclusion

High PEEP improves oxygenation and respiratory mechanics in acute neurological injury patients on mechanical ventilation but may affect hemodynamic parameters, ICP, and CPP. Conversely, low to moderate PEEP has minimal impact on these factors. Hence, personalized adjustment of PEEP levels is essential in clinical management.
Parkinson disease prediction using improved crayfish optimization based hybrid deep learning
Authors: Malathi A , Ramalakshmi R , Gandhi Vaibhav , Bhuvanesh A
Published: December 2024

Background

Predicting the course of Parkinson's disease is essential for prompt diagnosis and treatment, which may enhance patient outcomes.

Objective

This study presents a novel method for Parkinson's disease prediction using freely accessible resources. The suggested approach starts with band-pass filter data preprocessing and uses Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) for feature extraction. Then, for classification, these features are supplied into an Attention-based Efficient Bidirectional Network (ImCfO_Attn_EffBNet) based on Improved Crayfish Optimization. EfficientNet-B7, BiLSTM, and Attention modules are integrated by ImCfO_Attn_EffBNet to effectively gather temporal and geographic data.

Methods

Additionally, we use the Improved Crayfish Optimization (ImCfO) algorithm to maximize convergence rates, optimize the loss function, and find the global best solutions.

Results

ImCfO enhances performance by adding a self-adaptation criterion to the traditional crayfish algorithm. The classifier's configurable parameters are adjusted using the ImCfO resultant solution, which raises the prediction accuracy overall.

Conclusion

Based on a number of assessments, the ImCfO_Attn_EffBNet analyzed the performance and found that the results were as follows: accuracy (95.068%), recall (92.948%), specificity (92.89%), F-Score (92.89%), precision (92.89%), and FPR (2.1%), in that order.
Feasibility of using a multivariate serum biomarker model in early pregnancy to predict gestational hypertension
Authors: Fang Meixia , Gao Xiaoli
Published: December 2024

Background

With the increasing need for early prediction and intervention of Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension (PIH), researchers have begun to explore the use of multiserum biomarker models to improve the accuracy and reliability of predictions. It is estimated that between 5% and 8% of pregnant women worldwide experience pregnancy-induced hypertension, which is one of the leading causes of maternal death and adverse neonatal outcomes. Given the potential negative impact of pregnancy-induced hypertension on maternal and infant health, early identification of high-risk individuals and appropriate preventive measures are particularly important.

Objective

To assess the feasibility of using a multivariate serum biomarker model in early pregnancy to predict gestational hypertension.

Methods

Retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 125 pregnant women admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to December 2022. The occurrence of gestational hypertension was recorded and multiple serum biomarkers were collected and compared between the exposure and non-exposure groups. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify influencing factors for gestational hypertension. Correlations between each factor and gestational hypertension were analyzed, and a line chart model was constructed. The discriminative ability of the model was evaluated using the C-index, and internal validation was conducted using ten-fold cross-validation and bootstrap validation.

Results

Out of 125 pregnant women, 35 (28.00%) developed gestational hypertension. β-HCG and Hcy were identified as independent risk factors, while PAPP-A, AFP, and uE3 were identified as independent protective factors. There was a positive correlation between Hcy, β-HCG, and gestational hypertension, and a negative correlation between PAPP-A, AFP, uE3, and gestational hypertension. The predictive line chart model had a C-index of 0.885 and an average AUC value of 0.853 after internal validation.

Conclusion

β-HCG and Hcy are risk factors, while PAPP-A, AFP, and uE3 are protective factors for gestational hypertension. A line chart model based on these factors can help identify pregnant women at risk of developing gestational hypertension in early pregnancy.
Political orientation in media treatment of police violence: Evidence from modal adjectives
Authors: Feyen Tess , Mari Alda , Portner Paul , Tinarrage Valentin
Published: December 2024

The goal of this paper is to unveil possible correlations between the political orientation of newspapers and their treatment of police violence. We consider three different news publications with diverging political orientations, namely Jacobin (Left), Breitbart (Right), and The New York Times (Center). We performed a corpus study that relies on two different categorizations: a new ontology for police violence situations, identifying a set of recurrent themes, and the use and distributions of modal adjectives across these themes as revealing stances toward them. Modal adjectives are highly polysemous, and our analysis distinguishes between the epistemic readings as relating to factual truth, and evaluative readings as relating to norms. Our study shows that left and right leaning journals share similar uses of themes, but differ in their use of modal adjectives. These results could suggest that political orientation is responsible for differences that lie in the stance that the newspapers adopt.
Transdifferentiation of Secretory Carcinoma to Metaplastic Carcinoma at Metastatic Site
Authors: Boyraz Baris , Medford Arielle , Ly Amy , Chebib Ivan
Published: December 2024

Secretory carcinoma is a rare breast tumor driven by ETV6::NTRK3 fusion. It has characteristic morphologic features and identification of these tumors is critical as these patients may benefit from TRK inhibitors. Morphologic shift upon treatment has not been reported in secretory carcinoma or other NTRK-driven tumors. Herein we describe a patient with secretory carcinoma showing transdifferentiation into metaplastic carcinoma (spindle cell and squamous cell carcinoma) at the metastatic site following treatment. Identification of these morphologic shifts is crucial for accurate classification and identification of potential resistant mechanisms.
Cataract surgical training: Analysis of the results of the European Board of Ophthalmology survey in the Swiss cohort
Authors: Yaïci Rémi , Khamsy Lilly , Potic Jelena , Dhubhghaill Sorcha Ní , Sanogo Massira , Lefebvre François , Aclimandos Wagih , Asoklis Rimvydas , Atilla Huban , Creuzot-Garcher Catherine , Curtin Denise , Cvenkel Barbara , Flanagan Lisa , Kivelä Tero T. , Maino Anna , Costa Rafael Martinez , Filipe Helena Prior , Stopa Marcin , Strong Brendan , Tassignon Marie José , Ivekovic Renata , Priglinger Siegfried , Sturmer Joerg , Bourcier Tristan
Published: December 2024

Introduction

This study, part of a series, analyses the Swiss cohort from an EBO survey on cataract surgery training in Europe, focusing on Switzerland's unique program. The survey identifies two models: training all residents in surgery, and a “high-volume surgeon” model where only some learn CS post-residency.

Methods

This study analyses the survey results of Swiss participants in the EBO examinations (2018–2022) and compared them with the most important cohorts (Germany, France and Spain).

Results

Out of 251 respondents, 87 (34.7%) answered the questionnaire. Most (70.1%) had taken the EBO exam between 2021–2022, with the majority of study participants being men (55.2%) with a median age of 34 years and came from 12 different cantons. Two third (68.8%) of respondents had not performed any steps of cataract surgery on patients during their residency. Notably, 22.1% stated that they had carried out 10 or more training sessions on virtual reality simulator, 5.8% on synthetic eyes and 21% on animal eyes. A notable discrepancy was observed between participants with 10 or more training sessions and those without specific training in four key areas: self-assessed confidence and ability to perform cataract surgery (p = 0.006), management of challenging cases (p = 0.027), handling complications like posterior capsular tear (p = 0.031) and in performing corneal sutures (p = 0.023).

Discussion

Switzerland fits into the “high-volume surgeon” model group; extensive simulation-based training there significantly boosts self-confidence in performing CS, an effect less noticeable in countries offering hands-on training during residency.