bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INDIAN CONSTITUTION: REMINISCING 75 GLORIOUS YEARS OF ITS ADOPTION AND THE WAY FORWARD
Authors: R.K Premila Devi  , Singh Tongbram Radhabinod
Published: January 2025

Adopted on January 26,1950, Indian constitution heralded the beginning of a new era of democracy, liberty, and equality. Over the past 75 years, it has stood as a beacon of justice and resilience, guiding the world’s largest democracy through profound socio-political and economic transformations including that of scheduled Caste, Tribe, OBCs, minorities etc. This living document, rooted in the principle of justice, liberty, equality and fraternity, showcase India’s diverse, inclusive and pluralistic society. Under the visionary leadership of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, the Constituent Assembly drafted the Constitution that established the framework for governance, fundamental rights, and directive principles, ensuring a balance between individual freedom and collective responsibility. To address evolving needs and challenges, the Constitution has been amended multiple times in the past seven decades. Landmark changes, such as decentralization of power, expansion of fundamental rights, inclusion of socio-economic reforms, have reinforced its adaptability. It has also upheld the sanctity of democracy through its checks and balances and the pivotal role played by the judiciary. The Constitution has guided India through critical events, from integration and reorganization of states, economic liberalization and technological advancement to social justice movements and rising global issues and challenges. Its role in fostering unity, protecting individual rights, and enabling inclusive growth remains unparallel. As the country celebrates 75 years of its Constitution, it is a moment to reflect and recollect on its enduring legacy and recommit to its core values, ensuring it continues to empower every citizen while embracing changes and progress. The Constitution stands not just as a legal framework but as a testament to India’s vision of an equitable and prosperous society.
FACING THE AISLE NAVIGATING CHALLENGES IN THE GENERAL STORE BUSINESS
Authors: Dwivedi Seema , Singh Chandan , Agarwal Pranjal , Soni Kartik , Tripathi Shivam Kumar
Published: January 2025

General stores, once the backbone of local economies, now confront a plethora of challenges in today's rapidly evolving retail landscape. This abstract explores the multifaceted hurdles faced by general store businesses and offers strategic insights to navigate them effectively. Evolving consumer preferences represent a significant challenge, as shoppers increasingly prioritize convenience, sustainability, and value. Moreover, the rise of e-commerce giants intensifies competition, compelling general stores to differentiate themselves through unique offerings and personalized customer experiences. Operational efficiency emerges as another critical concern, with general stores needing to optimize processes, manage inventory effectively, and invest in employee training to remain agile and cost-effective. Furthermore, community engagement plays a pivotal role in maintaining relevance and fostering brand loyalty, necessitating active involvement in local events, sponsorships, and partnerships. Navigating regulatory complexities is paramount, with general stores needing to stay abreast of evolving legal requirements, obtain necessary permits, and adhere to stringent food safety standards. By embracing innovation and leveraging technology, general stores can enhance customer experiences, streamline operations, and expand their reach beyond traditional brick-and-mortar confines.
Determining the onset of asphaltene precipitation in a model oil system toluene–asphaltene–heptane by ultramicroscopy method
Authors: Kuryakov V.N.
Published: January 2025

Determining the stability threshold of oils and oil systems is an important task in the oil industry. It is important to be able to detect the precipitation of solid phase from oils at the earliest stages. For the first time, the ultramicroscopy method was used to study the precipitation of asphaltenes from a toluene solution during titration with heptane. The study allowed for the visualization of asphaltene aggregates in the toluene–asphaltene–heptane mixture at the earliest stages of aggregation. The relationship between the numerical concentration of asphaltene aggregates and the heptane concentration was measured. Analysis of this dependence led to the determination of the threshold concentration of heptane, above which asphaltene precipitation and aggregation (referred to as the “Onset point”) occurred. A comparison was made between the capabilities of ultramicroscopy and those of dynamic and static light scattering methods for determining the “Onset point”. It was shown that the ultramicroscopy method has greater sensitivity and can detect the onset of aggregation at lower concentrations of the precipitant.
Analysis of roots of trinomial polynomials
Authors: Chernyavsky M. M.
Published: January 2025

In the article we develop a simple and uniform method that allows one to calculate the number and localization of real solutions of three-term (trinomial) algebraic equations of arbitrary degree with real coefficients. The method is based on the fact that using certain substitutions, a three-term equation is reduced to an auxiliary equation with one parameter, represented as an explicit function of the coefficients of the initial equation, and the properties of the solutions of the initial equation depend only on the values of this parameter.
Conformational features of HVEM protein upon its cis and trans binding to BTLA protein
Authors: Urban V. A. , Kanstantinau F. O. , Veresov V. G.
Published: January 2025

T-cell activation begins upon antigenic recognition by T-cell receptor and is regulated by signals generated by co-stimulating and co-inhibiting molecules. These molecules, known as immune checkpoints, are attractive therapeutic targets for the therapy of cancer and autoimmune diseases. Co-inhibiting signal pathway formed between TNF-receptor HVEM (Herpes- Virus Entry Mediator, TNFRSF14) and BTLA (B and T Lymphocyte Attenuator) limits T-cell activation. However, BTLA can serve also as activating ligand when interacts with HVEM on adjacent cell. Mutagenesis experiments have shown that the same interface is formed between HVEM and BTLA both upon cis and trans interactions thus suggesting significant conformational rearrangement in the HVEM stalk region between ectodomain and transmembrane domains upon transfer from cis to trans binding to BTLA. However, because of technical problems of the crystallization of surface receptor with long stalks, HVEM atomistic 3D-structures including stalk region are absent up to now. In this study, the approaches of structural bioinformatics were used to determine the structures of full-length proteins HVEM and BTLA and their complexes upon cis- and trans-interactions. The results obtained can be used upon developing immunoregulators for the immunotherapy of cancer and autoimmune diseases.
Analysis of the accuracy of radar tracking of unresolved by coordinates targets
Authors: Artemiev V. M. , Kostromitsky S. M. , Naumov A. O.
Published: January 2025

During radar tracking often a situation arises when two targets are unresolved in one or more coordinates. The aim of this work is to develop an analytical technique for analyzing the accuracy of tracking of unresolved targets using methods of statistical linearization and integration of equations of probabilistic moments. Initially, the problem of analyzing the accuracy of tracking a single target is solved, and then the problem of tracking of two targets which are unresolved in one of the coordinates. A technique for analyzing the accuracy of radar tracking of two unresolved targets, the signals of which are within the width of the discriminatory characteristic is proposed. The nonlinear nature of the problem is caused by the need to take into account the form of this discriminatory characteristic. When developing the technique, the method of statistical linearization of nonlinear functions and the method of integrating equations of probabilistic moments were used.

Mathematical simulation of a single target tracking system and a tracking system for two unresolved targets was carried out. The accuracy of the technique was assessed by comparing the results of calculating means and variances of tracking errors using Monte Carlo method with the results of analytical calculations. The obtained results can be used to solve problems such as tracking a paired target, handling crossing trajectories, tracking in conditions of radar jamming, etc.
Influence of rapid thermal treatment on the mechanical properties of submicrostructures based on nickel and chrome films
Authors: Lapitskaya V. A. , Trukhan R. E. , Khabarova A. V. , Kuznetsova T. A. , Chizhik S. S. , Solovjov J. A. , Pilipenko V. A. , Liutsko K. S. , Nasevich A. A. , Guangbin Yu
Published: January 2025

The results of a study of the phase composition, surface morphology, grain size and mechanical properties of submicrostructures based on chromium and nickel before and after rapid thermal treatment (RTT) at temperatures from 200 to 550 °C are presented. Surface morphology and grain size were determined using atomic force microscopy. Mechanical properties were determined by nanoindentation. Rapid thermal treatment of nickel and chromium films significantly affects the change in phase composition, surface morphology, grain size and properties. The formation of silicides (according to the diffusion mechanism) and new phases occurs in the films: the CrSi2 phase is formed at temperatures of 350 °C and above, the Ni2Si phase at 300 °C, and the NiSi phase at 350 °C and above. When the phase composition changes, the grain size increases. In the RTT ranges from 200 to 300 °C and from 450 to 550 °C for chromium-based submicrostructures, the correlation between microhardness and grain size is carried out according to the Hall–Petch law – microhardness increases with decreasing grain size. For nickel-based submicrostructures, the Hall–Petch law is satisfied in the temperature range from 200 to 300 °C and from 500 to 550 °C. In the temperature range of 300–450 °C for chromium-based submicrostructures and 300–500 °C for nickel-based submicrostructures, microhardness decreases with decreasing grain size and vice versa, i.e. a “negative Hall– Petch effect” occurs. This effect is associated with the phase transitions Cr → CrSi2 and Ni → Ni2Si → NiSi, restructuring of submicrostructures due to the diffusion mechanism, morphological rearrangement of vacancy defects and annealing of point defects inside grains, as well as the corresponding reconstruction of grain boundaries. The considered submicrostructures based on chromium and nickel can be used in microelectronics for Schottky diodes, ohmic contacts and gates.
Improving the operating characteristics of aluminium by electroplastic deformation
Authors: Savenko V. S. , Yangzi Ch.
Published: January 2025

The article presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies of electroplastic deformation by drawing (EPD) of electrical aluminum on an industrial multi-pass mill. The influence of a pulsed current with a density of ~ 103 A/mm2 and a duration of ~10–4 s on the implementation of EPT in a deformation unit loaded above the yield limit, under conditions of excitation of the electronic subsystem of the metal, is considered, and the fundamental possibility of programmed control of deformation processes for modifying the physical and mechanical properties of technically important materials is shown. It was revealed that under conditions of electroplasticity, due to ponderomotive effects in the deformation zone, with the periodicity of current pulses at the front of their increase, ultrasonic vibration is created, causing additional mechanical stresses of the crystal lattice skeleton and actively influencing the kinetics of plastic deformation with improving the service characteristics of the material. The areas of technological application of EPV are drawing of ultra-fine, thin wire (up to ~ 1 mm in diameter), rolling of thin sheets, drawing and stamping of material. The installed technologies correspond to the most widespread production in the metalworking industry.
Radioaltimeters with frequency modulation of the probing signal
Authors: Gusinsky A. V. , Zabenkov I. I. , Svirid M. S. , Kondrashov D. A. , Solonovich S. S.
Published: January 2025

Mathematical models of radiated, reflected and differential radio signals used in radio altimeters in the time and frequency domains based on the analytical Gabor method in quadrature form are presented. Symmetric and asymmetric types of linear frequency-modulated radio signals and limitations used in their analytical application, as well as signals using a sinusoidal type of modulating voltage, are considered. The time, frequency, correlation and zero counting methods of construction are given. Each of the methods corresponds to the same principle of construction. Detailed structures of radio altimeters are given, their advantages and disadvantages are considered, and recommendations for their use are given.
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Belajar Siswa Melalui Penerapan Metode Permainan Pada Mata Pelajaran Matematika Pokok Bahasan Pecahan Pada Kelas Ii Sdn 42 Ampenan Tahun 2023/2024
Authors: Apriani Lilik , Wirawan Bambang , Nurhasanah Nurhasanah
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya kemampuan siswa kelas II SDN 42 Ampenan Tahun Ajaran 2024/2025 dalam pelajaran matematika dengan materi pokok pecahan. Berdasarkan data rata-rata nilai akhir matematika dari 32 siswa, sebanyak 17 (53,2%) siswa yang kemampuan matematika dengan materi pecahan belum mencapai kriteria ketuntasan minimum 60, dan sebanyak 15 (46,8%) siswa yang kemampuam matematika dengan materi pecahan sudah mencapai atau melebihi nilai 60. Katagori tersebut disebabkan pembelajaran yang di terapkan oleh guru cenderung monoton dan media yang digunakan guru tidak sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan kemampuan siswa serta kurang menarik untuk siswa. Guru belum bisa menerapkan model dan metode yang sesuai untuk pembelajaran matematika dengan materi pecahan. Untuk menguasai hal ini peneliti mengadakan upaya perbaikan menggunakan metode pembelajaran sambil bermain pada pembelajaran matematika dengan pokok bahasan pecahan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan kemampuan matematika siswa dengan menerapkan metode permainan pada mata pelajaran matematika dengan pokok bahasan pecahan kelas II SDN 42 Ampenan tahun pelajaran 2024/2025. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini berlangsung dalam dua siklus dengan teknik pengambilan data menggunakan lembar observasi kegiatan guru, lembar observasi kegiatan siswa dan lembar penilaian unjuk kerja. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan dengan perolehan nilai rata-rata kelas pada siklus 1 yaitu 67,03 dan meningkat pada siklus 2 dengan nilai rata-rata mencapai 73,87 dengan peningkatan nilai rata-rata sebanyak 6,84. Sedangkan ketuntasan klasikal 71,87% pada siklus 1 dan meningkat pada siklus 2 dengan ketuntasan klasikal 87,50% dengan peningkatan ketuntasan klasikal 15,63%. Dengan demikian dapat dinyatakan bahwa penggunakan metode permainan dapat meingkatakan kemampuan matematika siswa pada pokok bahasan pecahan kelas II SDN 42 Ampenan tahun ajaran 2024/2025. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan pengaruh positif terhadap upaya peningkatan pembelajaran muatan pelajaran Matematika.
Estimation of Crop Water Requirement for Sugarcane in Coimbatore District using FAO CROPWAT
Authors:   Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003, P Aravind , P Ponnuchakkammal ,   Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003, G Thiyagarajan , Kannan Balaji ,   Water Technology Centre, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003
Published: January 2025

The present study aimed to evaluate the software CROPWAT 8.0 that isused for estimation of the crop water requirement forsugarcane. With theseapproach the net irrigation requirement of sugarcane is calculated and themonthly water requirement is calibrated to meet out the requirement. Itincludes a simple water balance model that allows the simulation of cropwater stress conditions and estimation of yield reductions based on wellestablished methodologies. The use of modern irrigation techniques will goa long way in reducing water use and conservation. This will put wider areasunder cultivation and potentially contribute to greater agricultural production.The results showed that the Net and Gross Irrigationare 1394 and 1991.5mm, repectively. The crop water requirement of sugarcane in Coimbatorewas estimated to be 1438.7 mm.
PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF AEDES AEGYPTI IN TAIF AND JEDDAH GOVERNORATES, SAUDI ARABIA
Authors: AL-OTAIBI WAFA MOHAMMED , ALGETHAMI RAED HAMOUD M. , HUSSIEN NAHED AHMED , MAHYOUB JAZEM A.
Published: January 2025

With their diverse species, mosquitoes are known to transmit the causal agents of diseases such as malaria, dengue, and yellow fever. Their high adaptability, attraction to humans, and variable adult behaviors make them a significant health concern. The focus on Aedes aegypti is significant for reducing vector-human contacts, monitoring insecticide resistance, and developing innovative vector management strategies. Given the scarcity of studies on Ae. aegypti in the western region of Saudi Arabia, this research is a significant step forward. The study aims to analyze the genetic variations and conduct a phylogenetic study of forty Ae. aegypti samples collected from Taif and Jeddah governorates of Saudi Arabia. The mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) locus was targeted for genetic variance and phylogenetic analysis. Sequences of COI of Ae. aegypti isolates were submitted to the DNA Data Bank of Japan (DDBJ) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Genbank and compared with other global Aedes species isolates. The phylogenetic analysis shows that Ae. aegypti samples from Jeddah have identities ranging from 96.9% to 99.8%, closely related to the Peru (MN299016) and Cambodia (MN299014) isolates. Taif isolates have genetic similarities ranging from 97.5% to 99.8%, closely related to the Germany (KY022526) isolate. Sequence alignment and pairwise comparison show variation among the populations of Ae. aegypti from Taif and Jeddah regions (74.24–98.84%) with a genetic divergence distance of 0.008–0.12. In comparison, ranges slightly change with other Ae. aegypti (79.92–95.96%, 0.008–0.01) as well as Ae. albopictus populations (74.13–83.58%, 0.13–0.20) found in the Genbank database. According to our findings, the present study provides information for a local variation of Ae. aegypti in the western region of Saudi Arabia that could help in disease mapping and risk mitigation, thereby enhancing our ability to manage disease vectors effectively.
Occurrence Of Limatus Durhamii In Artificial Containers In Atlantic Forest, São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Barrio-Nuevo Karolina Morales , Medeiros-Sousa Antonio Ralph , Evangelista Eduardo , Ceretti-Junior Walter , Fernandes Aristides , Bicudo DE Paula Marcia , Marrelli Mauro Toledo , Oliveira-Christe Rafael
Published: January 2025

Limatus durhamii

has wild habits with ecological plasticity in anthropized environments. We report the occurrence of this species in several types of artificial containers in 2 fragments of the Atlantic Forest in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 1,428 larvae were collected, in which plastic containers had the highest abundance of immature forms of Li. durhamii, with 579 (40.5%) specimens collected, followed by glass bottles with 464 (32.5%) and metal cans with 223 (15.6%). The high abundance of Li. durhamii in artificial containers points to an adaptation process to impacted environments. Therefore, studies that investigate the feeding habits and vectorial capacity of this species are essential to understanding its epidemiological role in the environment.
NEW OCCURRENCES OF PHYTOTELMATA-INHABITING MOSQUITOES SPECIES IN NORTHWESTERN ARGENTINA
Authors: FLORES GABRIELA C. , COELLO PERALTA ROBERTO D. , LEÓN RENATO , DUQUE PAUL L. , MOLINA GUSTAVO , LIRIA-SALAZAR JONATHAN , CAMPOS RAÚL E. , DANTUR JURI MARÍA J.
Published: January 2025

The potential risk areas for emerging or reemerging diseases are determined by the presence, abundance, and distribution of mosquitoes. Here new records and geographical distribution extension of mosquito species in phytotelmata are updated for Argentina. We report for the first time Toxorhynchites bambusicola in Aechmea distichantha in Salta and Tucumán provinces, in the northwest region of Argentina. We also report Anophelesargyritarsis in A. distichantha in Salta province. Culexcoronator, Cx. fernandezi, and Cx.hepperi are reported for the first time from Vriesea friburgensis, a new phytotelma from the northwest region of Tucumán province, Argentina. These findings confirm the need for continued research on mosquito-plant relationships to better understand this complex ecological network and the epidemiological importance of phytotelmata-breeding mosquito species.
Authors: Setiyadi Desi , Hartono Hartono , Rokhman Fathur , Wagiran Wagiran
Published: January 2025

The phenomenon of the erosion of local cultural values in elementary education highlights the importance of Banyumasan Lengger dance, as part of Indonesia's cultural heritage, in preserving culture and developing student character. This research examines the role of Banyumasan Lengger dance as an extracurricular activity in elementary schools for cultural preservation and character development. The methodology used is descriptive qualitative, employing semi-structured interviews and participatory observations, involving 30 students, 3 art teachers, and 5 parents. Data analysis is conducted through reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing based on emerging patterns. The findings indicate that student involvement in Banyumasan Lengger dance significantly strengthens cultural identity and social skills, such as cooperation and communication. Despite challenges related to support and facilities, this dance form proves effective as a medium for preserving local culture. Support from the community and school stakeholders is essential to ensure the sustainability and development of extracurricular programs, thereby fostering a generation that appreciates and preserves cultural heritage.
MENINGKATKAN HAFALAN AL-QURAN ANAK-ANAK MELALUI PROGRAM RAMADHAN DI MUSHALLA IKHWANIAH
Authors: Basri Muhammad
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui peningkatan hafalan Alquran anak-anak melalui program di bulan Ramadhan di Mushalla Ikhwaniah. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Observasi dilakukan dengan melihat penampilan anak-anak pada tahun 2024 dan 2023. Peneliti, sebagai Ketua BKM Mushalla Ikhwaniah, mudah memantau perkembangan dan program di mushalla. Wawancara dilakukan secara tertulis dan terstruktur dengan orang tua anak-anak yang tampil, sementara dokumentasi meliputi pengambilan gambar penampilan anak-anak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan hafalan Alquran pada anak-anak sekitar Mushalla Ikhwaniah selama Ramadhan. Peningkatan ini terlihat dari bertambahnya hafalan ayat Alquran yang dibacakan di depan jamaah. Jika pada tahun 2023 hafalan masih sebatas ayat pendek, pada tahun 2024 anak-anak mampu menghafal ayat yang lebih panjang. Kesimpulannya, penampilan anak-anak dengan hafalan Alquran di depan jamaah sebelum shalat tarawih mendapat sambutan positif dari orang tua, yang berharap kegiatan ini terus dilaksanakan setiap tahun. Kegiatan ini bermanfaat untuk meningkatkan hafalan Alquran anak-anak dan melatih mereka tampil di depan umum
Princípios do Choosing Wisely relacionado a cateteres venosos centrais uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Gerhardt Soares Fortunato Juliana , Giron Camerini Flavia , Silva Fassarella Cintia , De Mendonça Henrique Danielle , Schutz Vivian , Silveira Lobo Lage Juliane
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: Mapear a literatura disponível acerca da sobreutilização de cateteres venosos em pacientes em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa dividida em seis etapas. As bases de dados utilizadas para busca foram: MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE e LILACS. Após a realização das buscas nas bases de dados, 303 registros foram identificados. Foram removidas 16 duplicatas, totalizando 287 registros. Aplicados os critérios de elegibilidade 9 estudos foram incluídos. Resultados: Os principais motivos de sobreutilização foram: uso desnecessário de cateter venoso central e a falta de discussão e avaliação diária do uso ou permanência dos mesmos. Conclusão: Ao se mapear a literatura identificou-se que, apesar de ser um tema difundido, ainda há poucos estudos que o abordem. O uso desnecessário de cateteres venosos centrais e a ausência de avaliação da necessidade de permanência foram os principais motivos para sobreutilização.
Gamifying urban nature experiences
Authors: Paiva Daniel , Carvalho Liliana , Sousa Ana Matilde , Soares Ana Luísa , Azambuja Sónia Talhé
Published: January 2025

Nature experiences are important drivers of environmental awareness and responsibility, as literature has shown that people who feel a greater connectedness with nature tend to be more active in conservation action. Despite this, recent studies have shown that nature contact within urban space is in decline, which has led scholars to call for novel ways to reconnect urban dwellers with nature. With this in mind, this paper explores the potential of gamification to co-create engaging and immersive experiences of urban nature, following the insight that the sensory and emotional dimensions of nature experiences are crucial for the development of nature connectedness and conservation awareness. We draw on a qualitative study on the emotional experience of a mixed-reality narrative developed for an historical botanical garden in Lisbon, in which game elements, namely treasure-hunting and rewards, are integrated into an urban nature experience. The study devised a methodology inspired by non-representational and creative methodologies, which comprised a series of performative workshops aimed to understand the emplaced emotional and sensory connections with the environment during the experience of the gamified mixed-reality narrative. Our findings allowed us to understand how gamification techniques in urban nature experiences can stimulate nature connectedness by encouraging sensory contact and appreciation of beauty, and promote environmental responsibility by emphasizing conservation issues. We conclude the paper by discussing the possibilities of further applications of gamification within the design of urban nature experiences.
تاثير برنامج ارشادي-نفسي في مستوى المهارات النفسية ومصادر الثقة بالنفس وانجاز ركض (4×100) تتابع فئة المتقدمين
Authors: حسين دكتورة ميساء
Published: January 2025

هدف البحث الى التعرف على مستوى المهارات النفسية لدى راكضي (4×100) تتابع فئة المتقدمين، والتعرف على مستوى الثقة بالنفس لدى راكضي (4×100) تتابع فئة المتقدمين، واعداد برنامج ارشادي – نفسي للمهارات النفسية، والتعرف على تاثير البرنامج الارشادي - النفسي للمهارات النفسية في مصادر الثقة بالنفس وانجاز ركض (4×100) تتابع فئة المتقدمين.
وقامت الباحثة بأختيار المنهج التجريبي بأسلوب المجموعتين المتكافئتين (التجريبية والضابطة) ذات الاختبار القبلي والبعدي للتعرف على تأثير المتغير المستقل على المتغير التابع، وحددت الباحثة مجتمع البحث لاعبو الاندية العراقية المشاركين في بطولة العراق للاندية (2023) في فعالية (4×100) تتابع فئة المتقدمين والبالغ عددهم (24) لاعب، وبعد ذلك قام الباحث بتقسيم العينة بشكل عشوائي الى مجموعتين متساويتين تجريبية وضابطة كل مجموعة تتالف من (12) لاعب اي ثلاث فرق في كل مجموعة، وقام الباحث باعداد برنامج ارشادي – نفسي للمهارات النفسية يتضمن محاضرات ارشادية وفديوات خاصة للجانب النفسي تزيد من المهارات النفسية والتي تكونت من (18) محاضرة ارشادية زمن كل محاضرة (30) دقيقة تلقى على المجموعة التجريبية قبل البدء بالتدريب ولمدة (6) اسابيع وبواقع (3) محاضرات في الاسبوع (السبت، والاثنين، والاربعاء)، وتوصل الباحث الى عدة استنتاجات هنالك تأثير للبرنامج الارشادي النفسي المعد من قبل الباحثة في المهارات النفسية ومصادر الثقة بالنفس وانجاز ركض 4×100 تتابع فئة المتقدمين، كذلك تأثير المنهج المعد من قبل المدرب في تطوير المهارات النفسية ومصادر الثقة بالنفس وانجاز ركض (4×100) تتابع فئة المتقدمين، وافضلية البرنامج الارشادي – النفسي عن البرنامج المعد من قبل المدرب في تطوير المهارات النفسية ومصادر الثقة بالنفس وركض (4×100) تتابع فئة المتقدمين.
النزاهة السلوكية للقادة الكشفين في جامعة ديالى
Authors: علي عمران , علي عمران
Published: January 2025

هدف البحث التعرف على النزاهة السلوكية لدى القادة الكشفيين في جامعة ديالى، واستخدم الباحثون المنهج الوصفي بالأسلوب المسحي كونه انسب المناهج لمعالجة مشكلة البحث، واشتمل مجتمع البحث على قادة الحركة الكشفية في جامعة ديالى اختيروا بالطريقة العمدية البالغ عددهم (14) قائداً، اما عينة البحث فقد اختيرت بالطريقة العشوائية البالغ عددهم (10) قادة مثلوا نسبة (71.42%) بعد استبعاد افراد التجربة الاستطلاعية البالغ عددهم (4) من القادة الكشفيين.
ومن خلال ما تقدم يمكن توصل الباحثون إلى أن افراد عينة البحث يتمتعون بمستوى جيد جداً من النزاهة السلوكية، وهذا يمكنهم من قيادة جيدة في اثناء تنفيذ الواجبات المنطوية عليهم في الحركة الكشفية، والمخيمات الكشفية . ويوصي الباحثون إلى يجب على القائد الكشفي أن يخضع للتدريب المستمر على القيم والمبادئ الكشفية، وعلى كيفية تطبيقها في حياته العملية. ودخول دورات تقوية ومنهجية لقيادة الكشافين .فضلاً عن أن يكون القائد قدوة حسنة للكشافة في جميع تصرفاته وأقواله، ويجب أن يتواصل القائد مع الكشافة بشكل مستمر، ويستمع إلى آرائهم ومقترحاتهم، ويجب على القائد أن يقوم بتقييم نفسه بشكل دوري، وأن يعمل على تطوير نقاط ضعفه، فضلاً عن اجراء دراسات أخرى في النزاهة السلوكية وربطها في متغير اخر في الكشافة.
القيادة الابتكارية وعلاقتها بالتنظيم الذاتي لدى بعض مدرسي التربية الرياضية في محافظة بابل
Authors: السعدي مرتضى علي شعلان
Published: January 2025

Modifying and controlling behavior in order to achieve distant goals requires emphasizing the efforts made to modify one's thoughts, feelings, desires, and actions in order to achieve higher goals and objectives that one desires to achieve. Innovative leadership is a decisive factor in educational and teaching institutions in a supportive environment that seeks to achieve them, especially for physical education teachers. The term self-regulation is used to refer to any effort made by an individual to change his responses and control his impulses and replace them with others that lead him towards achieving his goals and reaching them. The research aims to prepare the two scales and identify the reality of each of them and find the relationship between innovative leadership and its relationship to self-regulation among some physical education teachers in Babylon Governorate. The research hypothesis is that there is a relationship between innovative leadership and its relationship to self-regulation. The research community is determined by some physical education teachers in Babylon Governorate, numbering (150) teachers, i.e. using a comprehensive census, i.e. the entire community was chosen to represent the research sample, and the exploratory sample is from the same research sample, amounting to (20) teachers who were chosen randomly. The research conclusions include: There is a direct moral relationship between innovative leadership and self-organization among some physical education teachers in Babylon Governorate and its role in enhancing their attitudes towards organization in physical education lessons through the role of innovative leadership to raise self-organization and develop their level in teaching and emphasize the need to pay attention to the organizational aspect as it affects their professional performance and thus the research hypothesis is achieved. Keywords:
تأثير وحدات تعليمية باستخدام التنس المصغر بالكرات البرتقالية في تعلم اداء المهارات الأساسية بلعبة التنس الارضي لأعمار (8-9) سنوات
Authors: الطائي علي , الطائي علي
Published: January 2025

تكمن أهمية البحث في تصميم وحدات تعليمية باستخدام ملعب للتنس المصغر بكرات التنس البرتقالية وتطبيقه على الفئة العمرية الصغيرة بأعمار (8-9) سنوات لتعلم اداء المهارات الاساسية بلعبة التنس الارضي ، إذ تم اختيار كرات التنس البرتقالة كونها تتميز بمواصفات خاصة، فهي أبطأ بنسبة 50% من كرة التنس القياسية وتعتبر مثالية تتناسب مع عمر وامكانات عينة البحث المختارة كون المتعلمين في مرحلة عمرية صغيرة تمكنهم من تطبيق المهارة وتكرارها باستخدام ادوات خفيفة الوزن توصلهم بالتالي الى أتقان المسار الحركي لأداء المهارات الأساسية الخاصة بالفعالية، وهدف البحث الى تصميم وحدات تعليمية باستخدام التنس المصغر بكرات التنس البرتقالية في تعلم اداء المهارات الأساسية بلعبة التنس لأعمار (8-9) سنوات وكذلك التعرف على تأثير الوحدات التعليمية على العينة المستهدفة للبحث، اما فروض البحث فتلخصت بوجود أثر ايجابي للوحدات التعليمية باستخدام التنس المصغر بكرات التنس البرتقالية في تعلم اداء المهارات الاساسية بلعبة التنس لأعمار (8-9) سنوات وكذلك وجود فروق ذات دلالة معنوية بين الاختبارين القبلي والبعدي في تعليم اداء المهارات الاساسية بلعبة التنس لأعمار (8-9) سنوات ولصالح الاختبارات البعدية ، اما مجتمع البحث وعينه فاشتمل على طلبة الصف الرابعة الابتدائي في مدرسة الرياحين الابتدائية في محافظة واسط – مركز الكوت والبالغ عددهم (30) طالب، اما أهم الاستنتاجات التي توصل اليها البحث هي ان استخدام كرات التنس البرتقالية المخصصة للفئة العمرية (8-9 سنوات) في لعبة التنس المصغر، كان لها الاثر الايجابي والفعال في تعلم اداء المهارات الاساسية بالتنس الارضي؛ لما تتصف به من مواصفات خاصة توافقت مع امكانياتهم البدنية والمهارية.
الالتزام العاطفي تجاه المهنة لدى المشرفين الفنيين المنسبين وعلاقته بتحولاتهم الوظيفية من أقسام النشاط الرياضي والكشفي في العراق
Authors: القره غولي محمود سعيد لطيف
Published: January 2025

هدف البحث إلى الكشف عن مستوى الالتزام العاطفي الذي يمتلكه المشرفون الفنيون المنسبون تجاه مهنتهم ضمن أقسام النشاط الرياضي والكشفي في العراق، والكشف عن مستوى الرغبة في التحولات الوظيفية لديهم، فضلاً عن الكشف عن طبيعة العلاقة بين الالتزام العاطفي تجاه المهنة لدى المشرفين الفنيين المنسبين في أقسام النشاط الرياضي والكشفي وبين تحولاتهم الوظيفية منها، ولتطبيق إجراءات الباحث استخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي بأسلوبي المسح والعلاقات الارتباطية، وتم تحديد مجتمع البحث بالمشرفين الفنيين المنسبين في أقسام النشاط الرياضي والكشفي التابعة لمديريات التربية في محافظات العراق والبالغ عددها (20) قسماً، وتضم هذه الأقسام في شعبها المختلفة (239) مشرفاً فنياً بصفة التنسيب، وقد اختارهم الباحث جميعاً ليمثلوا عينة البحث الرئيسة، بعدها تمّ تقسيم هذه العينة إلى ثلاث عينات فرعية، الأولى عينة الدراسة الاستطلاعية وعدد أفرادها (9) مشرفين، والثانية عينة التحليل الإحصائي وعدد أفرادها (132) مشرفاً، أما العينة الثالثة فهي عينة التطبيق النهائي وعدد أفرادها (92) مشرفاً، ومن أجل جمع البيانات المطلوبة قام الباحث بإعداد مقياسين لقياس متغيرات البحث، المقياس الأول يقيس مستوى الالتزام العاطفي لدى المشرفين الفنيين النسبين تجاه مهنتهم وبعدد فقرات بلغ (15) فقرة، والثاني يقيس مستوى التحولات الوظيفية لدى هؤلاء المشرفين بعدد فقرات بلغ (14) فقرة، وبعد الانتهاء من تطبيق المقاييس على عينة التطبيق النهائي واستخراج النتائج ومعالجتها إحصائياً للحصول على مستويات متغيرات البحث، توصل البحث إلى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات هي:- إن المشرفين الفنيين المنسبين في أقسام النشاط الرياضي والكشفي يمتلكون التزاماً عاطفياً تجاه مهنتهم بمستوى مرتفع من وجهة نظرهم.- إن المشرفين الفنيين المنسبين في اقسام النشاط الرياضي والكشفي لديهم نوايا ذات مستوى متوسط في التحول عن وظيفتهم الإشرافية داخل هذه الأقسام من وجهة نظرهم.- إن العلاقة الارتباطية التي تجمع بين الالتزام العاطفي للمشرفين الفنيين المنسبين تجاه المهنة وبين تحولاتهم الوظيفية تمتاز بأنها ضعيفة وغير معنوية.
تأثير اسلوب تدريبات نوعية بالتثقيل في بعض انواع القوة العضلية الخاصة لدى لاعبي بناء الأجسام المتقدمين
Authors: علي صفاء
Published: January 2025

تتجلى اهمية البحث في الارتقاء بمستوى القوة العضلية للاعبي بناء الاجسام وفق التدريب الصحيح وهو التدريبات النوعية بالتثقيل المناسب مما يعطي نتائج افضل وتحقيق الدرجات المطلوبة في المسابقات الرياضية .وكانت  مشكلة البحث التدريب في بعض الالعاب الفردية ومنها بناء الاجسام تتطلب تدريب صحيح ويتمشى مع خصوصية اللعبة والجانب البدني الذي تتطلبه اللعب ولهذا فان تدريب القوة وبالتثقيل لابد ما يؤدى في نفس مسار الحركة للعضلات العاملة . وتضمن  هدف البحث: التعرف على تأثير التدريبات النوعية بالتثقيل في بعض انواع القوة العضلية الخاصة لدى لاعبي بناء الأجسام المتقدمين . وكانت اهم الاستنتاجات:- اسلوب التدريبي المستخدم التدريبات النوعية بالتثقيل ساعدت في تطوير بعض انواع القوة العضلية الخاصة للاعبي بناء الأجسام المتقدمين. وعليه تم التوصية: اعتماد اسلوب التدريبي المستخدم التدريبات النوعية بالتثقيل كونه ساعد في تطوير بعض انواع القوة العضلية الخاصة للاعبي بناء الأجسام المتقدمين
تأثير التدريب على الرمال في تطوير تحمل السرعة لدى لاعبي كرة اليد المتقدمين
Authors: الشمري حيدر غازي عزيز
Published: January 2025

تكمن اهمية البحث في التدريب الرمال لتطوير تحمل السرعة للاعبي كرة اليد للمتقدمين كما ان هناك قدرات بدنية مهمة والتي من خلالها يمكن اداء العديد من المهارات الخاصة بالعبة كرة اليد وبالخصوص تحمل السرعة لان لعبة كرة اليد اغلب مهاراتها تتطلب سرعات عالية جدا وبشكل متكرر كي يستطع اللاعب الاستمرار بالأداء بسرعة عالية ولأطول فترة ممكنة  اما مشكلة البحث  تعد السرعة من اهم القدرات البدنية التي يحتاجها لاعبو كرة اليد في الوقت الحاضر لان جميع مهارات كرة اليد يجب ان تؤدى بشكل سريع ولأطول فترة ممكنة خلال زمن المباراة ونلاحظ ان هناك العديد من المباريات لا يمكن الفوز بها لان هناك خلل في الجوانب البدنية ومنها تحمل السرعة لذا ارتأى الباحث دراسة هذه المشكلة وبيان اهميتها في لعبة كرة اليد اما اهداف البحث فهي اعداد تمرينات على الرمال في تطوير تحمل السرعة لدى لاعبي كرة اليد المتقدمين والتعرف تأثير التمرينات على الرمال في تطوير تحمل السرعة لدى لاعبي كرة اليد المتقدمين اما فرضية البحث فهو هناك فروق ذات دلالة احصائية ما بين الاختبارين القبلي والبعدي لعينة البحث وقد استخدم الباحث المنهج التجريبي ذو المجوعة الواحدة ذات الاختبارين القبلي والبعدي وتمت معالجة النتائج احصائيا وتم عرض ومناقشة النتائج وكانت اهم الاستنتاجات هي حققت التمرينات على الرمال التي نفذتها المجموعة التجريبية تطوراً في  ( ,تحمل السرعة ) لدى اللاعبين اما اهم التوصيات هي استخدام التمرينات على الارض الرملية من قبل المدربين لتطوير تحمل السرعة.
Parental input and its relationship with language outcomes in children with (suspected) Developmental Language Disorder (DLD): A systematic review
Authors: van Witteloostuijn Merel Tirza Gerlinde , Haggiyannes Athena , de Bree Elise , Blom Elma
Published: January 2025

PURPOSE It is widely acknowledged that parental input plays an important role in typical language development. Less is known about the input provided to children with (suspected) developmental language disorder (DLD) or those at risk for DLD. These children may not benefit from parental input in the same way as their typically developing (TD) peers and different aspects of parental input may be more important for them. The present systematic literature review aimed to uncover (1) how parental input has been assessed in the context of DLD, (2) which aspects of parental input have been studied, and (3) what the reported associations are with language outcomes in children with DLD (age 0-6 years). METHOD A systematic literature review of 67 articles was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. Parental input was coded based on Rowe and Snow’s (2020) categorization of input, divided into interactive, linguistic and conceptual aspects of parental input. RESULTS The majority of studies used audio or video-recordings of naturalistic parent-child interaction during play. Aspects within the interactive dimension (parental responsiveness and turn-taking) were most often assessed, followed by the linguistic and conceptual dimensions. Thirty-eight studies investigated the relationship between parental input and child language outcomes. Findings show that aspects within the interactive dimension are positively associated with language outcomes in children with DLD. Additionally, the sheer quantity of language input was not associated with language outcomes, although replication of this observation is necessary. CONCLUSION The results of this review highlight the importance of parent’s responsive behaviors as well as the child’s involvement in parent-child interaction. The findings also signal gaps in the existing literature and provides associated directions for future research on effects of parental input in children with DLD.
Calculation and Conscience: Motivations for the Substantive Representation of Ethnic Minorities
Authors: Bhatiya Apurav , Dinneen William , Grossman Guy , Zonszein Stephanie
Published: January 2025

A vast body of work shows that ethnic and racial minority legislators are more likely to represent their group's interests compared to dominant group legislators. However, it is unclear whether this is due to intrinsic motivation or electoral incentives. We argue that previous research designs cannot answer this question. Conversely, we use a regression discontinuity design (RDD) to analyze the increase in minority representation in the UK Parliament after 2010. By comparing white MPs who narrowly beat minority candidates to minority MPs who narrowly beat white candidates, the RDD controls for electoral incentives since it holds constant constituency factors correlated with a minority parliamentary win. Analyzing over 1 million parliamentary speeches and questions, we find that minority MPs are more likely than white MPs to discuss issues important to ethnic minorities. Our findings suggest that minority substantive representation is likely driven, at least in part, by minority MPs' intrinsic motivation.
Paid Sick Leave and the Employment and Employment Intensity of Older Workers
Authors: Slopen Meredith
Published: January 2025

Background and Objectives: As life expectancy has increased, there has been political pressure to raise the age for retirement benefit claims. Paid sick leave (PSL) may support older workers in maintaining employment intensity by offering workers the flexibility to address health and caregiving needs. However, little is known about the role of PSL access on older workers' employment and income.Research Design and Methods: The study uses data from the 2010-2018 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), accessed via IPUMS. Stratified multivariate regression models controlling for demographic and employment characteristics are used to explore the association between access to PSL and employment intensity among older workers.Results: Among workers older than age 62, access to PSL is associated with a 28% higher likelihood of working full-time (p<0.001) and an average of 7.3 (18.8%) more hours per week (p<0.001). The strongest associations between access to paid sick leave and employment intensity are observed among female workers and those with educational attainment beyond a high school degree, and weakest among Latinx workers.Discussion and Implications: PSL access is associated with greater employment intensity as workers age, with implications for economic security given the significant increase in hours worked per week. Public policy requiring employers to provide PSL may reduce disparities in access and support the employment of older workers.(Stone Center on Socio-Economic Inequality Working Paper)
How opinion variation among in-groups can skew perceptions of ideological polarization
Authors: Steiglechner Peter , Smaldino Paul E. , Merico Agostino
Published: January 2025

There is a widespread perception that society has been polarizing into groups with increasingly divergent opinions. Multiple studies have sought to quantify the degree of opinion divergence (or ideological polarization), typically relying on variation among self-reported opinions, and have reached mixed conclusions. Each individual, however, perceives the landscape of public opinion through a subjective lens or viewpoint that is dynamically shaped by their social environment. To account for this subjectivity in perceived polarization, we propose a model of dynamic perception that takes social identity into account. When members of an in-group become increasingly homogeneous on a given topic (that is, when the variance of opinions in that group decreases), they perceive deviant opinions as increasingly distant from their own. Consequently, these individuals may perceive much more polarization than what an objective, neutral observer would perceive. We apply our model to empirical data on the opinions of German citizens about climate change and show that the effect of dynamic opinion perception on polarization can be nearly as substantial as actual opinion divergence. Moreover, we show that the direction of the effect need not be consistent over time, nor across different partisan groups. Our framework helps explain why people might sometimes experience levels of ideological polarization higher than those indicated by opinion surveys, independent of structural divisions, polarization-enforcing biases, or affect-driven attitudes towards out-groups.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Bagi Kader Lansia Dalam Penguatan Ems (Emergency Medical System) Psc (Public Safety Center) 119 Dalam Peningkatan Manajemen Prehospital Pasien Stroke Di Desa Karangsoko Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Trenggalek Kabupaten Trenggalek
Authors: Yuswantoro Edi , Ixora Ixora , Christiani Mimik
Published: January 2025

Penyakit stroke (Cerebrovascular Accident) merupakan penyebab utama kematian nomor dua dan penyebab kecacatan ketiga di dunia.  Meningkatnya angka kematian dan kecacatan disebabkan keterlambatan penatalaksanaan stroke karena pra hospital delay. Hasil penelitian menunjukan waktu awal serangan stroke sampai kunjungan ke rumah sakit merupakan konstributor terbesar penyebab keterlambatan pengobatan stroke sejak awal serangan. Studi pendahuluan yang dilakukan di puskesmas Trenggalek pada tahun 2020 menunjukan angka kejadian stroke di wilayah kerja puskesmas Trenggalek cenderung meningkat  dari 131 kasus pada tahun 2020 menjadi 143kasus dan 51 kasus (36%) berasal dari desa karangsoko. Angka kejadian hipertensi desa karangsoko menduduki angka tertinggi 335 kasus (30%) dari 1.136 kasus. Data kejadian hipertensi ini menunjukkan warga beresiko terkena stroke, Hipertensi merupakan faktor resiko yang paling utama dan konsisten. Pengenalan stroke dan pengaktifan Emergency Medical System (EMS) melalui Detection, Dispatch dan Delivery untuk penatalaksanaan stroke pre hospital diharapkan menurunkan angka kecacatan dan kematian akibat serangan stroke karena pre hospital delay. Emergency Medical System (Public Safety Center/PSC) merupakan bagian utama dalam SPGDT yang melayanan koordinasi dan pelayanan kegawatdaruratan yang berkedudukan di tingkat kota/ kabupaten. Berdasarkan uraian tersebut, maka perlunya dilaksanakan pengabdian masyarakat tentang Penguatan  EMS (Emergency Medical System) PSC (Public Safety Center) 119 Dalam Peningkatan Manajemen Pre Hospital Pasien Stroke Di Desa Karangsoko Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Trenggalek Kabupaten Trenggalek.