bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Incidence of Diabetes Following Hospital Admission for COVID-19 and Pneumonia: A Cohort Study
Authors: Holman Naomi , Barron Emma , Young Bob , Gregg Edward W. , Khunti Kamlesh , Valabhji Jonathan , Sattar Naveed
Published: January 2023

OBJECTIVE

The incidence of diabetes may be elevated following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but it is unclear whether this is specific to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, associated with shared risk factors for severe COVID-19 and diabetes, and/or a generic risk following illness.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

People admitted to the hospital for COVID-19 and/or pneumonia between 1 April 2020 and 31 August 2020 in England were linked with the National Diabetes Audit to identify incident diabetes after discharge up to 31 March 2021. Comparator cohorts admitted with pneumonia over the same dates in 2017, 2018, and 2019 were followed until 31 March 2018, 31 March 2019, and 31 March 2020, respectively. Poisson regression models were used to calculate adjusted diabetes incidence rates.

RESULTS

Using the cohort of people discharged from the hospital following a diagnosis of COVID-19 without pneumonia in 2020 as the standard population (incidence rate 16.4 [95% CI 12.8–20.7] per 1,000 person-years), adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, and deprivation, gave incidence rates of 19.0 (95% CI 13.8–25.6) and 16.6 (95% CI 13.3–20.4) per 1,000 person-years for those admitted for COVID-19 with pneumonia and pneumonia without COVID-19, respectively, in 2020. These rates are not significantly different from those found after hospital admission for pneumonia in 2019, 2018, and 2017, at 13.7 (95% CI 10.8–17.3), 13.8 (95% CI 10.9–17.4), and 14.2 (95% CI 10.9–18.3) per 1,000 person-years, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Our data do not support a clear impact of COVID-19 on the incidence of diabetes compared with risks in several comparator groups, including contemporaneously assessed risks in people hospitalized with pneumonia.
The Impact of Different Surface Treatments on Topography and Bond Strength of Resin Cement to Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramic
Authors: Noronha Filho JD , Delforge GE , Xing Y , da Cruz Silva Trugilho Duarte M , Medeiros IS , Rabello TB , Poskus LT , da Silva EM
Published: January 2023

Objective

To evaluate the influence of different surface treatments on topography, surface roughness, surface energy, and microtensile bond strength stability of resin cement to lithium disilicate glass ceramic.

Methods and Materials

Seventy disc-shaped specimens of IPS e.max Press were divided into seven groups according to the surface treatment: NT – non-treated (control); FSil − hydrofluoric acid (HF) + silane; FPSil − HF + phosphoric acid (HP) + silane; FUSil − HF + ultrasonic bath (U) + silane; FPUSil − HF + HP + U + silane; MEP − Monobond Etch and Prime (MEP); and MEPH − MEP + heating. Topography and surface roughness were evaluated using a 3D laser confocal microscope (3DLCM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface energy with a goniometer. The microtensile bond strength (μTBS) was evaluated after storage in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours and after thermocycling (5,000 cycles, 5°–55° C, 30-second dwell time). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA (surface roughness and surface energy), two-way ANOVA (μTBS), Tukey′s HSD post-hoc test, and Student t-test (α=0.05).

Results

FUSil, FPSil, and FSil presented similar and highest surface roughness, whereas NT, FPUSil, MEP, and MEPH showed similar, and lowest, roughness values (p<0.05). FPUSil, FPSil, FUSil, and FSil presented a similar and highest surface energy. NT, MEP, and MEPH showed similar and lowest surface energy.

Conclusion

Only FSil, FPSil, and MEPH maintained bond strength stability after thermocycling, with FPSil leading to less bond strength reduction, suggesting this protocol is more reliable for bonding resin cements to lithium disilicate glass ceramics.
Twenty-month Performance of a Universal Bonding System on Simulated-challenged Dentin Substrates Pretreated with Chlorhexidine
Authors: Jacomine JC , Giacomini MC , Agulhari MAS , Honório HM , Wang L
Published: January 2023

Objectives

Since the use of dentin antiproteolytic agents with universal adhesives (UAs) can potentially degrade the bonding interface, this study evaluated bond strengths with and without chlorhexidine (CHX) on variously altered dentin surfaces for up to 20 months.

Methods

Human molar specimens (n=20) were categorized by substrates as S=sound, E=eroded, and C=carious, and by pretreatment as W=water or CHX. These specimens were subjected to micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) testing at 24 hours, 6 months, and 20 months, after 30 seconds of pretreatment with CHX or W, followed by self-etching and bonding (Adper Single Bond Universal, 3M ESPE). Modes of failure were assessed using optical microscopy (40×) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the results were analyzed by 3-way ANOVA and Tukey’s statistical tests (α=0.05).

Results

Substrate (p<0.001), pre-treatment (p=0.0413), and time (p<0.0001) were statistically significant. The sound-dentin group in initial time (W=39.27/CHX=40.55) yielded the higher μTBS values (MPa) in comparison with altered substrates pre-treated with CHX (E-CHX=19.84; C-CHX=18.24) after 20 months, which showed the lowest values. Under SEM analysis, heterogeneous patterns appeared in the hybrid layer of the CHX-treated group, particularly in the altered substrates.

Conclusions

Bond strength to dentin decreased over a period of 20 months using UA with 10-methacryloyloxydecyl-dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) in self-etching mode. Substrates altered by erosion or caries have impaired adhesion and associated clinical use of UA with MDP and CHX should be avoided.
Enamel and Dentin Etching with Glycolic, Ferulic, and Phosphoric Acids: Demineralization Pattern, Surface Microhardness, and Bond Strength Stability
Authors: Darzé FM , Bridi EC , França FMG , Amaral FLB do , Turssi CP , Basting RT
Published: January 2023

This study evaluated the etching pattern, surface microhardness, and bond strength for enamel and dentin submitted to treatment with phosphoric, glycolic, and ferulic acids. Enamel and dentin blocks were treated with phosphoric, glycolic, and ferulic acid to evaluate the surface and adhesive interface by scanning electron microscopy (2000×). Surface microhardness (Knoop) was evaluated before and after etching, and microtensile bond strength was evaluated after application of a two-step adhesive system (Adper Single Bond 2, 3M ESPE) at 24 hours and 12 months storage time points. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s test showed a decrease in the microhardness values for both substrates after application of each acid (p<0.0001). The reduction percentage was significantly higher for enamel treated with phosphoric acid (59.9%) and glycolic acid (65.1%) than for ferulic acid (16.5%) (p<0.0001), and higher for dentin that received phosphoric acid (38.3%) versus glycolic acid (27.8%) and ferulic acid (21.9%) (p<0.0001). Phosphoric and glycolic acids led to homogeneous enamel demineralization, and promoted the opening of dentinal tubules, whereas ferulic acid led to enamel surface demineralization and partially removed the smear layer. The adhesive-enamel interface showed micromechanical embedding of the adhesive in the interprismatic spaces when phosphoric and glycolic acids were applied. Ferulic acid showed no tag formation. Microtensile bond strength at both time points, and for both substrates, was lower with ferulic acid (p=0.0003/E; p=0.0011/D; Kruskal Wallis and Dunn). The bond strength for enamel and dentin decreased when using phosphoric and glycolic acids at the 12-month time evaluation (p<0.05). Glycolic acid showed an etching pattern and microhardness similar to that of phosphoric acid. Ferulic acid was not effective in etching the enamel or dentin, and it did not provide satisfactory bond strength to dental substrates.
ANALISIS IMPLIKATUR PADA GELAR WICARA MATA NAJWA DI TRANS7
Authors:   SMA Kemala Bayangkari, Lingga Parwati Ida Ayu , Sepria Marleni ,   SMAN 1 Abung Selatan
Published: January 2023

The conversational implicature is an implicature only known to some people who know the context of the speech. The conversation implicator is trying to analyze the conversation so that a great meaning is obtained. The problems discussed in this study regarding the form and function of the implicature in the Trans Najwa Mata Degree 7. This study aims to describe and explain how the shape and function of the implicature in the Najwa Eye Speech Degree in Trans 7. This study uses descriptive methods. The subject of the study was the conversation contained in the Mata Najwa Speech Degree in Trans 7, so the results of the study showed that there was a principle of cooperation divided into four maxims, namely the quantity maxims, quality maxims, relationship maxims, and method maxims.
SOCIALIZATION OF PEOPLE'S BUSINESS CREDIT POLICY TO THE SMALL AND MEDIUM INDUSTRIES OF METRO CITY BLACKSMITHS
Authors: Rakhmadani Syeni , Wardhana Yuditya , Gusnita Ari
Published: January 2023

The impact of the Covid 19 pandemic in 2020, Indonesia recorded a drastic deflation or decrease of -2.07%. The Small and Medium Industry (IKM) is one of the sectors that has been affected. The main obstacle experienced by SMEs is capital. Responding to these problems, the government has actually issued a policy on People's Business Credit which provides convenience and low interest. Its implementation is regulated in the Regulation of the Minister of Economic Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 2022 concerning Guidelines for the Implementation of People's Business Credit, but there are still many people who do not understand and have access to this policy, one of which is the Blacksmith IKM actors in Metro City. This Community Service was held on November 1, 2022 at the Grand Venetian Hotel Ballroom through outreach and discussion. The purpose of this service is that the Blacksmith IKM actors can take advantage of the KUR program so that their businesses can develop more.
Swabbing Dogs and Chauffeuring Pizza Boxes
Authors: Kruse Corinna
Published: January 2023

This paper discusses the alignment work that Swedish crime scene technicians perform at the crime scene. It takes as its point of departure the understanding that the criminal justice system is a collaboration of very different epistemic cultures with at times different understandings of “the same” forensic evidence and its production. Nonetheless, the collaboration and the legal security of forensic evidence depends on knowledge in the form of forensic evidence(-to-be) moving easily and stably through it, despite epistemic differences. One way of attaining such stable movement, the article argues, is the crime scene technicians’ alignment work when they recover and package traces from the crime scene – for example body fluids, fingerprints, and fibers – for transport to the forensic science laboratory. Their crime scene alignment work, it shows, is not only a core part of the crime scene technicians’ contribution to the collaborative production of forensic evidence, it is also a source of professional pride, identity, and community for them. Thus, the crime scene technicians’ alignment work is not only important for the movement of knowledge through the Swedish criminal justice system, but is also an integral part of their professional self-understanding.
Applications of AHP, FAHP, BWM, Entropy, and CRITIC Methods in Electrohydraulic Forming Process Parametric Evaluation for Automotive Panels Using the 1100 Aluminum Alloy Sheets
Authors: Oke Sunday Ayoola , Okponyia Kenechukwu Obinna , Adeyemi Olusola
Published: January 2023

Although multicriteria selection methods are flexible and extensively used in machining, less attention has been paid to their comprehensive test performance in the electrohydraulic forming process. In this study, five new applications of multicriteria selection methods are proposed to analyze available parameters in the electrohydraulic forming process and select parameters best suited for further analysis and improvement of the process. The analyzed parameters are the stand-off distance, electrode gap, voltage, and medium, while the multicriteria methods are the AHP, FAHP, BMW, entropy, and CRITIC. The proposed methods were demonstrated on experimental data from the literature utilizing an impulse magnetizer system (walker type). For each method, the prioritized parametric results were obtained. All the methods assign the first position to the medium as a parameter with consensus on the voltage parameter has the worst (lowest) value of weights in all the methods. The weights of the medium parameter for the best results are 0.5030 (AHP method), 0.5600 (FAHP method), 0.5230 (best-worst method), 0.4090 (entropy method), and 0.5000 (CRITIC method). The worst parameter for all the methods is the voltage of 0.0320 (FAHP method). The results obtained from the proposed applications were compared with one another and found to be effective for multicriteria selection decisions. This article offers new methods to establish the parametric values of the electrohydraulic forming process for machining composites made of AA1100 sheets.
PENGGUNAAN KOMBINASI INDIKATOR SMA, EMA, MACD, RSI, DAN MFI UNTUK MENENTUKAN KEPUTUSAN BELI DAN JUAL PADA SAHAM-SAHAM DI SEKTOR LQ45 BEI TAHUN 2018
Authors: Santoso Agustinus Adi , Sukamulja Sukmawati
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTThis research was conducted to determine the selection of the highest performing stock group indicators, so that it can be used as a reference for buying shares. This study tested six combinations of technical indicator groups, then this technical combination was used to test the price of shares whose companies are included in the LQ45 group on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in 2018. The results of this study indicate that the use of stock indicator groups with the maximum profit percentage and the shortest number of days is the best groups. The sequence of indicator groups with good performance to poor performance is 1: EMA, MFI, and RSI; 2: MA, MFI, and RSI; 3: MA, MACD, and MFI; 4: MA, MACD, and RSI; 5: EMA, MACD, and MFI; 6: EMA, MACD, and RSI. Keywords: Indonesia Stock Exchange; LQ45; stock trading; technical indicatorsABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pemilihan kelompok indikator saham yang paling tinggi kinerjanya, sehingga dapat dijadikan acuan untuk pembelian saham. Pada penelitian ini diuji enam kombinasi dari kelompok indikator teknikal, selanjutnya kombinasi teknikal ini digunakan untuk menguji harga saham yang perusahaannya termasuk dalam kelompok LQ45 di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) tahun 2018. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan penggunaan kelompok indikator saham dengan persentase keuntungan maksimal dan jumlah hari yang paling pendek adalah yang paling baik. Urutan kelompok indikator dengan kinerja yang bagus ke kinerja yang kurang bagus adalah: Peringkat 1: EMA, MFI, dan RSI; Peringkat 2: MA, MFI, dan RSI; Peringkat 3: MA, MACD, dan MFI; Peringkat 4: MA, MACD dan RSI; Peringkat 5: EMA, MACD, dan MFI; Peringkat 6: EMA, MACD, dan RSI. Kata kunci: Bursa Efek Indonesia; LQ45; jual beli saham; indikator teknikal
Asses the Use of Calcium Carbide for Increasing Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Alkali Activated GGBFS-MK Precursor
Authors: Alnajjar Huda M. , Khater Hisham M. , Shaker Nihal O. , Farag Awatef A.
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether calcium carbide can effectively develop the strength of a slag-metakaolin geopolymer matrix. For all mixes, a solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate was used as a liquid alkali activator. CaC2 was added in ratios of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5% by weight. Compressive strength shrinkage and thermal resistance of alkali-activated composites were examined. The GGBFS-MK geopolymer pastes with/without calcium carbide were subjected to FTIR, XRD, and SEM investigations for inspecting the effect of the CaC2 addition. The findings demonstrated that calcium carbide enhances compressive strength compared to the control mix, by producing more reaction products and providing a greater level of geopolymerization.
Drivers Of Deforestation And Forest Degradation In Palawan, Philippines: An Analysis Using Social-Ecological Systems (SES) And Institutional Analysis And Development (IAD) Approaches
Authors: Nolos Ronnel C. , Zamroni Akhmad , Evina Kathleen Faith P.
Published: January 2023

Palawan Island is home to one of Southeast Asia’s largest, oldest, and most diversified rainforests hence it was called the «Last Frontier.» However, the island province’s forest is contending with increased conversion of forest lands to plantation and household-level agriculture, intensive mineral mining, illegal logging, and other pressures on its ecosystems. Understanding these factors in relation to the prevalence of deforestation and forest degradation in Palawan is imperative. This paper analyzed these drivers of deforestation and forest degradation in Palawan using the social-ecological systems (SES) and institutional analysis development (IAD) frameworks. A literature review was conducted using a variety of web-based databases and sources and additional data were collected from official websites and reports. The identified major drivers of deforestation and forest degradation in the province include increasing population, migration from lowland to upland areas, illegal logging, mining, wide-scale kaingin and oil palm plantation, wildlife poaching, and weak policy implementation and enforcement. These identified drivers can be the target of the government of Palawan for their forest management plans. Additional findings and recommendations of this paper will also aid in the forest management planning in Palawan and other areas where similar settings exist.
Features Of A Long-Term Heat Flux Formation Of The Large Russian Arctic Rivers And Its Transformations In Estuaries Under The Influence Of Climate-Induced And Dam-Induced Effects
Authors: Vasilenko Alexander N. , Magritsky Dmitry V. , Frolova Natalia L. , Shevchenko Artem I.
Published: January 2023

The heat flux of the large rivers flowing into the Arctic seas of Russia plays an essential role in the thermal and ice regime of the lower reaches of these rivers and the southern part of the Arctic seas. However, estimates of the total value of heat flux and its spatial-temporal distribution require clarification. In this research, we analyzed monthly, and yearly water temperature data from 55 gauges and water flow data from 35 gauges in the lower reaches of the rivers of the Russian Arctic northerner of 60 N. These rivers are: Onega, Northern Dvina, Mezen, Pechora, Ob, Nadym, Pur, Taz, Yenisei, Khatanga, Anabar, Olenek, Lena, Yana, Indigirka, Alazeya, Kolyma and their main tributaries. The collected data series covers 1930-2018, focusing more on 1960–2018. We used Spearman trend tests and Mann-Whitney U-test to clarify changes in the thermal regime of study rivers. Our estimations showed that heat flux did not significantly increase in the past three decades on most rivers except Yenisei and Yana lowlands. Water temperatures on rivers monotonically increased after 1960, especially in May and June, but without statistical significance. The role of dams in the water temperature regime is observed for nearly 500 km lower dams, but it is not observed in their lowlands and mouths. We also identified the decrease in water temperatures and heat flux in river lowlands, estuaries and deltas up to 25% for Yenisei lowlands.
Integrating Technology in ESL Reading Classroom: Accounting Pupils’ Perspectives
Authors: Anthony Pragasam Jane , Ainil Sulaiman Nur
Published: January 2023

Technology integration in language teaching has become a more prominent option for more effective teaching and learning process. However, few studies have examined the use of technology in reading classrooms, especially in the Malaysian context. This study aims to investigate pupils’ perceptions of technology use in ESL (English as a second language) reading classrooms. In order to fulfill the research objective, the research question, ‘What is the perception of Year 6 primary school pupils on using technology in the reading classroom?’ was formulated to guide the study. The present study investigates the pupils’ perceptions towards the integration of technology in reading classrooms by collecting data from 70 participants of a semi-urban primary school in Pahang using a questionnaire that is adapted from the Technology Acceptance Model model. The findings indicated that pupils have positive perceptions towards the use of technology in reading classrooms in terms of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude towards the use of technology and behavioural intention of using technology. Significantly, this study’s findings offer teachers and stakeholders with evidence to embrace technology in language teaching. Understanding pupils’ perceptions of technology use in reading in language learning classrooms provide significant information for teachers, school administrators and stakeholders
Serum biochemical changes in cats with naturally acquired feline cytauxzoonosis
Authors: Kastl Brandy C. , Springer Nora L.
Published: January 2023

OBJECTIVE

The geographical distribution of feline cytauxzoonosis is expanding in the US. Clinical signs of feline cytauxzoonosis, including lethargy, anorexia, and icterus, are similar to hepatic lipidosis and cholangiohepatitis. Hematologic and serum biochemical abnormality patterns may assist practitioners in prioritizing feline cytauxzoonosis as a differential diagnosis over hepatic lipidosis and cholangiohepatitis.

SAMPLE

Hematology and serum biochemical profiles of cats with naturally acquired feline cytauxzoonosis, hepatic lipidosis, or cholangiohepatitis.

PROCEDURES

Retrospective search and analysis of the Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory or Kansas State University Veterinary Health Center records between January 2007 and June 2018 for cats with cytauxzoonosis, hepatic lipidosis, or cholangiohepatitis.

RESULTS

Patients with acute feline cytauxzoonosis presented with frequent nonregenerative anemia (20/28 [71%]), leukopenia (23/28 [82%]), thrombocytopenia (23/23 [100%]), hyperbilirubinemia (27/28 [97%]), hypoalbuminemia (26/28 [93%]), reduced (18/28 [64%]) or low normal (10/28 [36%]) serum ALP activity, and hyponatremia (23/28 [82%]). Reduced ALP activity was unique to cats with feline cytauxzoonosis relative to hepatic lipidosis and cholangiohepatitis. No correlation between the severity of anemia and the magnitude of hyperbilirubinemia was identified in feline cytauxzoonosis patients.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

The combination of nonregenerative anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, hyperbilirubinemia, and reduced serum ALP activity in icteric cats may increase the clinical suspicion, but is not pathognomonic, for acute feline cytauxzoonosis. Hematologic and serum biochemical abnormalities of naturally acquired feline cytauxzoonosis are like those reported with feline bacterial sepsis. Blood smear evaluation for intraerythrocytic Cytauxzoon felis piroplasms, tissue aspirates for schizont-laden macrophages, and/or molecular testing are required to diagnose feline cytauxzoonosis.
The volume of extruded materials is correlated with neurologic severity in small-breed dogs with type I thoracolumbar intervertebral disk herniation
Authors: Sakaguchi Yusuke , Nishida Hidetaka , Tanaka Hiroshi , Kitamura Masahiko , Akiyoshi Hideo , Nakayama Masanari
Published: January 2023

OBJECTIVE

To assess whether the volume of extruded materials is correlated with neurologic severity in dogs with type I thoracolumbar intervertebral disk herniation (TL-IVDH).

ANIMALS

70 client-owned small-breed dogs with type I TL-IVDH diagnosed between July 1, 2016, and June 30, 2018.

PROCEDURES

For this retrospective cohort study, the medical records of 70 dogs with surgically confirmed type I TL-IVDH were reviewed. The volume and height of the intervertebral disk and the area of the maximal transverse compressed spinal cord were measured using CT myelographic images. For each dog, the volume of the disk immediately cranial to the herniated disk was an internal control. Dogs were grouped on the basis of grade of neurologic severity.

RESULTS

Preoperative grades of neurologic severity were grade 2 in 7 (10%) dogs, grade 3 in 16 (23%) dogs, grade 4 in 28 (40%) dogs, and grade 5 in 19 (27%) dogs. The total volume of the affected intervertebral disks was significantly larger than the internal control. Weak positive correlation was found between the volume of the extruded materials into the vertebral canal and the grade of neurologic severity.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Our findings indicated that the total volume of the affected intervertebral disks is larger in dogs with type I TL-IVDH, and the volume of the extruded materials into the vertebral canal is weakly correlated with the neurologic severity.
Vasectomy and ovary-sparing spay in dogs: comparison of health and behavior outcomes with gonadectomized and sexually intact dogs
Authors: Zink Chris , Delgado Mikel M. , Stella Judith L.
Published: January 2023

OBJECTIVE

To compare health and behavior outcomes for dogs that underwent vasectomy or ovary-sparing spay (hysterectomy) with sexually intact dogs or dogs that had undergone traditional castration or spay.

SAMPLE

6,018 dog owners responded to a web-based survey between November 3, 2021, and January 7, 2022.

PROCEDURES

Participants were asked demographic questions and to provide information about 1 or more dogs (living or deceased). Options for reproductive status were as follows: sexually intact, castrated, spayed (ovariohysterectomy or ovariectomy), vasectomy, or ovary-sparing spay (hysterectomy). Participants were asked questions about orthopedic and other health problems, cancer, and problematic behavior. Logistic regression models, survival analyses, and descriptive statistics were used to assess relationships between reproductive status and outcomes.

RESULTS

Owners provided valid surveys for 6,018 dogs, including 1,056 sexually intact, 1,672 castrated, and 58 vasectomized male dogs and 792 sexually intact, 2,281 spayed, and 159 female dogs that had undergone ovary-sparing spay. Longer exposure to gonadal hormones, regardless of reproductive status, was associated with reduced odds of general health problems and both problematic and nuisance behaviors.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

To our knowledge, this study provides the first data on health and behavior outcomes of vasectomy and ovary-sparing spay in dogs and is the first to compare these outcomes to sexually intact and gonadectomized dogs. It adds to accumulating data on the mixed benefits and risks of removing the gonads to prevent reproduction and emphasizes the importance of developing an informed, case-by-case assessment of each patient, taking into consideration the potential risks and benefits of spaying or neutering and alternative reproductive surgeries.
Effects of a weak supply of light at night on the growth and quality components of tea plants
Authors: Liu Qin-Ling , Dong Shu-Ling , Hu Xiao-Li , Yang Yang , Tang Qian , Tan Li-Qiang
Published: January 2023

Supplying artificial light is widely used in crop cultivation to improve yield and quality. In this study, we investigated the effects of a weak supply of light (WSL) on the growth and quality components of tea plants. Starting from mid-winter (20 January 2021), the purple tea (Camellia sinensis) cultivar ‘Ziyan’ was exposed to four different spectra at an intensity of 2 μmol · m−2 · s−1 or 5 μmol · m−2 · s−1 for 3 h or 5 h after sunset. The field observations showed that the sprouting index, which represents the time and speed of bud flush, was significantly higher in most of the WSL treatments than in the control (CK, p < 0.01). The total content of catechin in the harvested leaves of 3 WSL treatments was 11.51%–18.94% higher than that of the CK, but the content of anthocyanin of 4 WSL treatments unexpectedly decreased by 6.77%–11.69% (p < 0.05). The differences in yield, free amino acids and caffeine contents between the WSL treatments and CK were not significant. We concluded that the WSL treatments during the early spring night had positive impacts on the growth and some quality components of tea plants.
Concentration on the market of audit services provided to publicly listed companies: Evidence from Poland
Authors: Gad Jacek
Published: January 2023

Paper’s objectives

The main purpose of the article was to identify the level of concentration on the market of audit services provided to public companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. The additional aim of the article was to identify the level of rotation among companies providing audit services to public companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange.

Methods applied

The research conclusions were formulated based on the analysis of 3,960 annual reports prepared in the years between 2011 and 2019 by companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange.

Findings

The study found that over the years from 2011 to 2016 the concentration (measured by BIG4, CR4, CR8, and 10KAP indicators) on the market of auditing services provided to public companies increased. However, as of 2017, this concentration began to decline. This demonstrates the effectiveness of the new regulations on the audit market. In the analyzed period, eight audit firms, referred to in the article as “leading”, provided their services to an average of >62% of public companies. Their share in the market of auditing services varied from sector to sector. At the turn of 2016 and of 2017, a significant increase in the level of rotation on the market of audit services provided to public companies was observed. This level varied from sector to sector.

Originality/value

The literature on the subject has not yet presented a comprehensive analysis of the impact of EU directives on the structure of the Polish market of audit services provided to public companies. This issue is a research gap, which has been filled in this article.
ANALISIS PRAKTIK SUKUK PERSPEKTIF REGULASI
Authors: Arrasyid Muhammad Farhan
Published: January 2023

Purpose : This research aims to see what the sukuk is like, to look at the sukuk, to see the comparison between sukuk and fatwa practices.Method : Using descriptive qualitative with literature study methods and using an interpretive paradigm.Findings : The practive of impelementing sukuk is in accordance with regulations and fatwas, starting from the mechanism of formation, issuance, and management in accordance with sharia principles.Originality :  This study contributes in general to knowledge of sukuk practices in accordance with regulations. The literature study method and the interpretive paradigm in studying the practice of sukuk have limited the discussion on previous research which is a problem in this study.Managerial Implications : Based on this research, the researcher suggests that the government, in terms of the Islamic finance directorate, should strive to innovate the financial product and contract used especially in terms of issuing sukuk. That way, it will affect the preferences of investors in investing in Indonesia with thr choice of financial products and contracts desired.Keyword : Sukuk, Regulations, Perceptions
Simultaneous Detection of L-lactate and D-glucose Using DNA Aptamers in Human Blood Serum
Authors: Huang Po-Jung Jimmy , Liu Juewen
Published: January 2023

L-lactate is a key metabolite indicative of physiological state, glycolysis pathways, and various diseases such as sepsis, heart attack, lactate acidosis, and cancer. Detection of lactate has been relying on a few enzymes that need other substrates. In this work, DNA aptamers for L-lactate were obtained using a library-immobilization selection method and the highest affinity aptamer reached a Kd of 0.43 mM as determined using isothermal titration calorimetry. The aptamers showed up to 50-fold selectivity for L-lactate over D-lactate and had no measurable response to other closely related analogs such as pyruvate and 3-hydroxybutyrate. A fluorescent biosensor based on the strand displacement method showed a limit of detection of 0.55 mM. Simultaneous detection of L-lactate and D-glucose in the same serum solution was achieved. This work has broadened the scope of aptamers to very simple metabolites and provided a useful probe for the continuous and multiplexed monitoring.
P-T phase diagram of phosphorus revisited
Authors: Solozhenko Vladimir L. , Turkevich Vladimir
Published: January 2023

Melting and phase transitions of phosphorus allotropes have been studied in the 2-11 GPa pressure range using in situ electrical resistivity measurements and synchrotron X-ray diffraction. It has been found that melting curve of rhombohedral phosphorus exhibits positive slope of 58(2) K/GPa and crosses the rhombohedral-simple cubic phase boundary (negative slope of -420(70) K/GPa) at about 8.3 GPa and 1490 K. Melting slope of simple cubic phosphorus can be evaluated as +300(90) K/GPa. Calculations of phosphorus phase equilibria have been performed using our experimental and literature data in the framework of the phenomenological thermodynamics. The constructed equilibrium p-T phase diagram accurately describes experimentally observed phase relations in solid and liquid phosphorus up to 12 GPa and 2000 K.
Direct 4D Observations of Electrochemically Induced Intergranular Cracking in NMC811 Particles
Authors: Parks Huw C. W. , Boyce Adam M. , Wade Aaron , Heenan Thomas M. M. , Tan Chun , Martinez Paneda Emilio , Shearing Paul R. , Brett Dan J. L. , Jervis Rhodri
Published: January 2023

Establishing the nature of crack formation is paramount to understanding the degradation modes that govern decline in battery performance. Cracking has several possible origins; however, it can be classified in two general cases: mechanically induced, during manufacturing, or electrochemically induced, during operation. Accurate and repeatable tracking of operational cracking without the convolution of pre-existing cracks is highly challenging; observing these features requires the highest resolutions possible for 3D imaging techniques, necessitating very small sample geometry, while also achieving realistic electrochemical performance. Here, we present a technique in which particle cracking can be completely attributed to electrochemical stimulation via a pseudo in-situ laboratory X-ray nano computed tomography (CT) technique. Observed upon electrochemical delithiation of NMC811, was significant cracking within the core of secondary particles which propagated radially. We also noted that contrary to crystallographic data, which suggests the unit cell volume reduces upon charging, significant volume expansion of the secondary particle occurred.
A Scalable Total Synthesis of Portimine A and B Reveals the Basis of Their Potent and Selective Anti-cancer Activity
Authors: Tang Junchen , Li Weichao , Chiu Tzu-Yuan , Luo Zengwei , Chong Christine , Wei Qijia , Martínez-Peña Francisco , Gazaniga Nathalia , See Yi Yang , Lairson Luke , Parker Christopher , Baran Phil
Published: January 2023

Marine derived cyclic imine toxins, portimine A and B, have attracted extensive attention owing to their intriguing chemical structure and promising anti-cancer therapeutic potential. However, access to large quantities is currently unfeasible and the molecular mechanism behind their potent activity is unknown. To address this, a scalable 15-step total synthesis of portimines is presented, which benefits from the logic used in two-phase terpenoid synthesis along with unique tactics such as exploiting ring-chain tautomerization and skeletal reorganization to minimize protecting group chemistry through “self-protection”. Critically, this total synthesis enabled a structural reassignment of portimine B and an in-depth functional evaluation of portimine A, revealing that it induces apoptosis selectively in human cancer cell lines with high potency. Finally, practical access to the portimines and analogs thereof simplified the development of photoaffinity analogs, which were used in chemical proteomic experiments to identify a primary target of portimine A as the 60S ribosomal export protein NMD3.
CPTED Experimental Research Trends from the Research Methodology Perspective
Authors:   KOREA CPTED ASSOCIATION, Seo Min-Jin , Kang Seok-Jin , Kim Go-Won
Published: January 2023

Experimental research is a method suitable for intentionally creating the environment desired by the researcher and revealing the causal relationship between variables. The characteristics of these experimental studies are being utilized in the CPTED field to overcome the survey's limitations.
However, there are few cases of experimental research conducted in domestic CPTED experimental research compared to other fields. And most of the simple experimental designs(pre-experimental design) are performed, so the design is insufficient. In addition, some studies have limitations that are difficult for subsequent researchers to apply because the experimental design and process do not appear in detail.
Therefore, this study recognized the necessity of an effective experimental research system, and the concept of experimental research and the experimental design of previous studies were considered. Finally, the experimental design of the previous study was supplemented through the analysis results.
A Study on the Crime Safety of Public Rental Housing in Comparison with CPTED-certified Apartments
Authors:   KOREA CPTED ASSOCIATION, Park Seung-Yeon , Kim Go-Won , Kang Seok-Jin
Published: January 2023

Reflecting the reality that 70% of Korea's population lives in apartment, many studies have been conducted on CPTED's perspective on crime in apartment, but crime and CPTED studies in public rental housing are very insufficient and CPTED certification is mainly applied to private construction apartment. Therefore, this study analyzes the perception and physical status of crime safety of residents of public rental housing and private apartments certified by the Korean Cpted Association, and seeks ways to prevent crime and reduce fear in public rental housing in the future. The study focused on field and drawing analysis (number of households, type and layout, outdoor space composition and facilities), questionnaire analysis(socio-demographic factors, psycho-behavioral factors, fear of crime factors, recognition of crime prevention environment, etc.), and crime analysis (5 major crimes).
To summarize the research results, in the case of the physical environment, the mainstay of private apartments is the cascade structure, and the complex consists of various outdoor spaces and community facilities. On the other hand, the main building of public rental housing was a corridor-type structure, and the degree of facilities was somewhat insufficient compared to the size of the outdoor space, and there was a difference between underground parking lots and community facilities.
From a socio-demographic point of view, public rental housing were the most inhabited by single-person households in their 20s, which was found to have high demand for housing for young single-person households due to the concentration of public institutions relocated to base national universities and innovative cities. From a psycho-behavioral point of view, public rental housing were most frequently selected as reasons for low life satisfaction, including unsafe environments from crime and apartment design, which is believed to reflect the fundamental problems of public housing. From the perspective of crime safety, private apartments had high satisfaction with the visibility and number of installations such as surveillance cameras and emergency bells, but public rental housing had low satisfaction or negative perceptions.
In the comparison of overall crime awareness and fear of crime by type, apartment residents who received CPTED certification had high satisfaction and low fear. The high response that it will contribute to the expected effect of reducing fear of crime and the improvement of apartment brand value is believed to provide implications for the expansion of CPTED certification in the future.
This study was conducted based on the survey, and it is factors by identifying the differences in resident perception by item and confirming the positive effect on CPTED. However, since statistical analysis according to variable factors is insufficient, subsequent studies will need to supplement this.
The common morphospecies Cypridopsis vidua (O.F. MÜLLER, 1776) (Crustacea, Ostracoda) is not an obligate parthenogen
Authors: Martens Koen , Shribak Michael , Arkhipova Irina , Schön Isa
Published: January 2023

The common non-marine ostracod Cypridopsis vidua (O.F. Müller, 1776) is used as a proxy in various biological disciplines, such as (palaeo-)ecology, evolutionary biology, ecotoxicology and parasitology. This morphospecies was considered to be an obligate parthenogen. We report on the discovery of the first population of C. vidua with males from Woods Hole (MA, USA) and determine that it is a population with mixed reproduction. We describe the morphology of the males and of the sexual and asexual females. We illustrate a copula of a male and a sexual female as well insemination in a sexual female, showing that males are functional. Therefore, Cypridopsis vidua is a morphospecies with mixed reproduction, not a full apomictic parthenogen. We use, for the first time, polychromatic polarization microscope technology to illustrate soft parts of ostracods. In addition, we compare the sexual species C. bisexualis, C. okeechobei, C. howei and C. schwartzi and conclude that these species, especially the latter three, are morphologically very close to C. vidua.
The Influence of Family Support, Perceived Digital Competence And Attitude, and Learning Agility on The Speed of Completing Student Studies with The Role of Academic Self-Efficacy as A Mediation Variable
Authors: Wijana I Nyoman
Published: January 2023

This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between Family Support, Perceived Digital Competence and Attitude, Learning Agility, and Academic Self-Efficacy in the Speed of Completing Studies. In addition to knowing the effect of Perceived Digital Competence and Attitude and Learning Agility on Academic Self-Efficacy. This research was conducted on Undergraduate and Master program students at the Gde Pudja Mataram State Hindu Institute (IAHN). The data collection technique in this study was random sampling to obtain 100 students in the Bachelor's program and Master's program at IAHN Gde Pudja Mataram. The data analysis technique in this study uses a Structural Equation Model (SEM) approach with the help of the Smart PLS application. The results of this study indicate that: 1) family support has a significant positive effect on the speed of completing studies, 2) perceived digital competence and attitude do not affect the speed of completing studies, 3) Learning Agility does not affect the speed of completing studies, 4) family support has a significant positive effect on academic self-efficacy, 5) perceived digital competence and attitude do not affect academic self-efficacy, 6) Learning Agility does not affect academic self-efficacy, and 7) academic self-efficacy has a significant positive effect on the speed of completing studies. So it can be concluded that what can affect the speed of completing studies for Undergraduate and Master program students at IAHN Gde Pudja Mataram are internal factors, namely from oneself (academic self-efficacy), and external factors, namely support from family.
Digital Literacy Competence Levels of Indonesian Junior High School Students Based on Activities Through The 5m Approach
Authors: Mursidi Andi , Buyung Buyung , Murdani Eka
Published: January 2023

Students’ competence to utilize digital technology to access information as learning sources has become a necessity as experienced during the covid-19 pandemic. Students should have the digital literacy competence to support the students’ learning processes. This research was conducted to reveal the digital competence levels covering internet searching, hypertextual navigation, content evaluation, and knowledge assembly based on activities made by the students of Junior High Schools in Singkawang. The samples were selected using a proportional random sampling technique and 75 respondents were selected representing the students of Junior High Schools in Singkawang. The collected data were then processed using a descriptive statistical analysis with a quantitative approach. The statistical test was conducted using mini-step Program with Rasch modeling to measure the students’ digital literacy competence levels at Junior High Schools in Singkawang. The research results showed that the digital literacy competence level test measuring instrument was considered valid and reliable. The digital literacy competence level with high logit value of +3.78 logit also showed high problem-solving competence level. The students’ digital literacy competence level based on activities was classified into high category. Meanwhile, the activities made by the students included 5M: searching and selecting information (M1), managing information (M2), analyzing information (M3), utilizing information (M4), and sharing information (M5).
PENGARUH PEMASARAN DIGITAL TERHADAP KINERJA UMKM DI KOTA LHOKSEUMAWE DENGAN INOVASI PRODUK SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING
Authors: Effendi Muhammad Razie , Bakar Rusydi Abu , Bachri Naufal
Published: January 2023

This study examined the effect of digital marketing on marketing performance, and examined the mediating effect of product innovation variable. The sample in this study was 160 entrepreneurs of SME business in Lhokseumawe City who focused on the field of fashion. The analytical tool used is path analysis using the SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) with AMOS. The results showed that digital marketing had a positive and significant effect on marketing performance and the product innovation mediated between the digital marketing variable and the marketing performance.
ANALISIS TINGKAT KESEHATAN KOPERASI CREDIT UNION MAMBUIN TEMPAT PELAYANAN PRAFI KABUPATEN MANOKWARI
Authors: Tumbio Cinthia Rianita , Usman Sarah , Suruan Ted M
Published: January 2023

This study aims to determine the level of health of the Mambuin Credit Union Cooperative TP Prafi Manokwari Regency in 2014-2018 based on the Regulation of the Minister of Cooperatives and SMEs Number: 14 / Per / M.KUKM / XII / 2009 concerning aspects of capital, aspects of productive asset quality, aspects efficiency, aspects of liquidity, aspects of independence and growth, aspects of cooperative identity and management aspects. In this study data were collected through observation, documentation and interview methods. Data were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative techniques guided by the Regulation of the Minister of Cooperatives and SMEs Number: 14 / Per / M.KUKM / XII / 2009. The results showed that the health level of the 2014 Prafi Credit Union Cooperative in the 2014-2018 category was "Fairly Healthy".The results of the study that in 2014-2018 amounted to 66.31. Based on the Regulation of the Minister of Cooperatives and SMEs, if the score obtained is equal to or greater than 60 to smaller than 80 (60 ≤ x 80) it is categorized as "Fairly Healthy". The cooperative must equalize the mandatory savings for all members in order to increase their own capital