bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kidnapping in Nigeria: A Social Threat to Educational Institutions, Human Existence and Unity
Authors: C.E. Peter , S.D. Osaat
Published: April 2021

This paper examined the problem of kidnapping and its consequences in Nigeria. Kidnapping has the potential of creating social tension, psychological trauma (mental and emotional problems), insecurity, untimely death and others in the society. It has been observed and identified that kidnapping is not a new crime in Nigeria and other countries of the world. But the apparent problem of kidnapping is the current growth rate in all parts of the country and the benefits the perpetrators are deriving from this criminal activity. In this study, some challenges were identified. They include: poverty, unemployment, politics and religion. The mode of kidnappers' operations have been identified and its prevalence, apart from the causes attributed to the laxity in the implementation process to prosecute the offenders. As a result of these findings, it is suggested that the issue of ransom payment by the families/relatives of the victims to kidnappers should be seriously condemned. Government on their part, should endeavour to create employment for the teeming population of youths as this will help to reduce the proliferation of kidnappers. Security agents should be well equipped with sophisticated guns to wage war against kidnappers. This will no doubt help to restore peace and security in the country.
Supportive Leadership Style and Supply Chain Performance of Retail SMEs in Rivers State of Nigeria
Authors: M. Ikegwuru , P.O. Olomi
Published: April 2021

This study examined the effect of supportive leadership style on supply chain performance of retail SMEs in Rivers State of Nigeria. The study adopted a survey research design and quantitative method to allow for descriptive and inferential analysis. The population for the study was 377 registered SMEs in Rivers State of Nigeria. The convenience simple technique was used to select one respondent each from the 377 retail SMEs studied. The convenience sampling of respondents was used to ensure that those employees found at their workplaces were the ones used for the study. Subsequently, 377 copies of questionnaire were distributed to 377 employees crosswise the identified retail SMEs. Of the 377 respondents contacted, 258 contributed to the study, resulting to a response rate of 68 The 258 respondents produced a total of 249 working response deposit. Data were subjected to correlation and regression analysis using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS Version 22.0). The study’s findings showed that, the influence of supportive leadership style on order fulfillment was statistically positive and significant at 0.05 significant level. This implies that a well packaged supportive leadership style can increase the chance of boosting order fulfillment in retail supply chain. The study therefore, concludes that, there is a positive and significant influence of supportive leadership style on supply chain performance of retail SMEs in Rivers State of Nigeria, and recommends that, managers who are driven by the desire to achieve efficiency in operation should emphasis more on exhibiting added supportive leadership style in their organizations to boost order fulfillment to enhance supply chain performance.
The Educational Way of George Zdanovich in Kutaisi Classical Gymnasium in St. Petersburg
Authors: SADİLOVA Rada
Published: April 2021

The archival materials describe in a detail way the period of Giorgi (Maiashvili) Zdanovich's study at the Kutaisi Classical Gymnasium and his student years in St. Petersburg. Giorgi (Maiashvili) Zdanovich has been involved in revolutionary activities since his student years. In 1874 he became a full member of the Russian Social-Revolutionary Organization and was nicknamed "Rizha". Giorgi never ran away from problems, he took on a very responsible work, particularly: he was forced to import secret literature from abroad, for which reason in 1875 a twenty-year-old young man was arrested. He was convicted of so-called process of 50. The court verdict of Giorgi (Maiashvili) Zdanovich was severe. Despite the convict's difficult detention period, he did not stop striving for the goal. Giorgi's first steps in journalism start with the manuscript newspaper.
ESTAKHR PROJECT - SECOND PRELIMINARY REPORT OF THE JOINT MISSION OF THE IRANIAN CENTER FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH, THE PARSA-PASARGADAE RESEARCH FOUNDATION AND THE SAPIENZA UNIVERSITY OF ROME, ITALY
Authors: Chegini Nasser Noruz Zadeh , Fontana Maria Vittoria , Asadi Ali , Rugiadi Martina , Jaia Alessandro Maria , Blanco Alessandro , Ebanista Laura , Cipollari Valentina
Published: April 2021

La trincea aperta nel corso di questa prima campagna di scavo, a ovest della moschea, ha evidenziato almeno otto fasi. La fase 1 è relativa al muro esterno della moschea, dotato di un’apertura e di una torre semicircolare. Di particolare interesse (fase 2) è un asse stradale lastricato, connesso a una rilevante dorsale fognaria. L’articolazione della strada, già messa in evidenza dalle indagini geofisiche, sembra delimitare un importante quartiere a ovest della moschea. L’asse stradale, pur subendo un parziale rifacimento sul lato ovest (fase 3), conserva la sua fisionomia fino a tutta la fase 4. La successiva sovrapposizione di più livelli stradali in terra battuta che obliterano la strada lastricata, restringendone la carreggiata pur conservandone l’orientamento (fase 5), sembra mettere in evidenza la perdita di rilevanza del quartiere ad ovest della moschea, probabilmente in corrispondenza di una fase di decadenza della compagine urbana risalente all’XI secolo.
Glyphosate in the production and forage quality of marandu grass
Authors:   Instituto Federal de Rondônia, Codognoto Luciane da Cunha , Conde Thassiane Telles ,   Instituto Federal de Rondônia, Maltoni Katia Luciene ,   Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faria Glaucia Amorim ,   Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho
Published: April 2021

The drift of the herbicide glyphosate, used for desiccating crops or controlling weeds, can result in growth-promoting or non-target plant development effects. Thus, it is possible to use the compound to increase the biomass of forage through the hormone effect. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of sublethal doses of glyphosate on the production of Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu (Marandu grass) and its nutritional quality in ruminants. The design used was completely randomized, with five replications in a factorial scheme. The treatments used were as follows: control (without glyphosate application) and four sublethal doses of glyphosate (4, 10, 14, and 20 g ha-1 of the acid equivalent). The monthly collections consisted of collecting the plant material (0.20 m) from the surface, comprising of leaves and pseudocolmos (stem and leaf sheath) to determine the dry matter production and forage chemical-bromatological parameters. The results showed that leaf/stem ratio, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber were affected exclusively by the harvest factor. The hormone effect of the herbicide occurs in the production of dry matter and lignin in the evaluated subdoses. For crude protein, there was an interaction between the factor doses and harvest, due to the effect of glyphosate and the management applied to the harvests, showing that the sublethal doses of glyphosate promoted the production of dry matter and the food quality of Marandu grass.
Serum biochemical reference ranges for lambs from birth to 1 year of age in the tropics
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Varanis Laura Ferrari Monteiro , Schultz Erica Beatriz ,   Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Oliveira Karla Alves ,   Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Sousa Luciano Fernandes ,   Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Cruz Wendell Fernando Guimarães da ,   Universidade Federal de Lavras, Macedo Junior Gilberto de Lima ,   Universidade Federal de Uberlândia
Published: April 2021

The study aimed to determine the biochemical reference ranges for lambs from birth to 1 year of age in the tropics. Data were obtained from experiments performed in several institutions and commercial farms using Santa Inês, Dorper, Lacaune, Morada Nova, Bergamacia and Suffolk lambs reared under different conditions (grazing, feedlot, semi-feedlot) from 2006 to 2017. Serum energy-, protein-, mineral-, and enzyme-related metabolites were evaluated. The metabolic energy profile included data from glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, fructosamine, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; the metabolic protein profile included total protein, uric acid, urea, albumin, and creatinine; the metabolic mineral profile included data on calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium; and the metabolic enzymatic profile included the enzymes aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase, and creatine kinase. The reference ranges were estimated using confidence intervals with a 95% confidence level, and percentiles were estimated or bootstrapped nonparametrically when the data were not normally distributed. The serum biochemical reference ranges determined for lambs are strongly divergent from those established by one of the most cited books on the topic, especially considering the high serum urea and cholesterol concentrations and low levels of blood glucose observed. Therefore, the serum biochemical reference ranges for lambs from birth to 1 year of age in the tropics differ from international data, which consider adult sheep in temperate climate zones.
Impact of environmentally friendly technologies on costs and cost-effectiveness of a dairy cattle confinement system
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lopes Marcos Aurelio , Demeu Fabiana Alves ,   Instituto Federal de Rondônia, Reis Eduardo Mitke Brandão ,   Universidade Federal do Acre, Carvalho Francisval de Melo ,   Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lima André Luiz Ribeiro ,   Universidade Federal de Lavras, Benedicto Gideon Carvalho de ,   Universidade Federal de Lavras, Barbosa Gastão Lemos ,   Médico Veterinário Autônomo, Demeu Andreia Alves ,   Zootecnista Autônomo, Lopes Filho Marcos Aurelio ,   Universidade de São Paulo, Barbari Matteo ,   Università Degli Studi Di Firenze
Published: April 2021

Our goal was to assess the economic impact of some environmentally friendly technologies on the production costs and cost-effectiveness of a dairy cattle confinement system, estimating environmental costs and their representativeness in both effective and total operating costs, as well as in the total cost. We assessed the cost-effectiveness of the cost center of milk production and identified the components that most affect final costs, estimating a break-even point (kg milk year-1) as well. The data were collected in a freestall full-confinement system of a dairy cattle farm located in southern Minas Gerais State (Brazil), from January 2016 to December 2017. The cost of milk production was estimated using a method based on the operating and total costs from a cost center involving lactating and dry dairy cows. The cost center of milk production showed to be economically feasible, showing positive gross and net margin results, as well as positive profitability and cost-effectiveness. Total environmental operating cost was on average R$ 0.015 per kg milk, which represented 1.985% of the total operating cost. Effective environmental operating cost was on average R$ 0.0059, which corresponded to 0.7788% of the total operating cost. Finally, total environmental cost was on average R$ 0.0317, representing 3.3280% of the total cost. The most representative items of the effective operating cost were in descending order: animal feed, workforce, animal health, animal production hormone (bovine somatotropin; bST), vehicle maintenance, machines and equipment, maintenance of improvements, electricity, and freestall bedding sand. Average break-even point was 1,104,038.54 kg milk year-1 or 3,024.76 kg milk day-1, while average production was 4,271,383.00 kg milk year-1 and 11,702.42 kg milk day-1.
Characteristics of carcass and non-carcass components of lambs fed wet brewery waste as a roughage feed
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Carvalho Sérgio , Manzoni Verônica Gindri ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Minuzi Claudia Flores ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Teixeira William Soares ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Costa Viviana Reboledo da ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Barbosa Larissa Lopes ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Corrêa Pablo Marques da Fontoura ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Uliana Daniel ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Moraes Camila Milani de ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Ozorio Amanda de Lima ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Oliveira Mariana de ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Published: April 2021

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of including wet brewery waste (WBW) as the exclusive dietary roughage source on the characteristics of carcass and non-carcass components of feedlot-finished lambs. Thirty-two non-castrated male lambs weaned at 50 days of age, resulting from the cross between the Texel and Ile de France breeds, were used. The diet was constituted by roughage (WBW) and a concentrate composed of crushed maize, soybean meal, limestone and common salt. Treatments consisted of four levels of WBW as the roughage source in the diet (% dry matter), namely, 31, 44, 57 and 70%. Lambs were slaughtered upon reaching 34 kg live weight. The treatments resulted in a linear decrease in hot and cold carcass weights and yields, carcass compactness index, conformation, degree of fatness and rib-eye area. Among the primal cuts, the absolute weights of pallet, ribs and legs decreased as the WBW level was increased. As to the non-carcass components, only the total gastrointestinal content increased linearly with WBW. The increasing levels of WBW led to greater fasting losses and reduced carcass weights and yields. There was also a reduction in the degree of fatness, carcass compactness, carcass conformation index and rib-eye area Wet brewery waste at the concentration of 31% as the roughage source in the diet of finishing lambs in the feedlot provides better carcass traits.
Genetic variability in Tambaqui generations of the breeding program in the Central-West Region of Brazil
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Urrea-Rojas Angela Maria , Bignardi Annaiza Braga ,   Universidade Federal de Rondonópolis, Souza Felipe Pinheiro de ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Lima Ed Christian Suzuki de ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Ayres Denise Rocha ,   Universidade Federal de Rondonópolis, Povh Jayme Aparecido ,   Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Moraes Neto Américo ,   Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Yamachita Andrei Lincoln ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Alves Mariana Stucki ,   Universidade Federal de Rondonópolis, Lopera-Barrero Nelson Mauricio ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina
Published: April 2021

The implementation of fish breeding programs in Brazil has brought significant results in the productivity of tilapia. However, the insertion of native species with great potential (such as Tambaqui Colossoma macropomum) in these programs is still recent, and thus requires genetic information for monitoring and enabling their consolidation into the programs. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of the parental generation (G0) and two consecutive generations (G1 and G2) in the C. macropomum genetic improvement program, located in the municipality of Sorriso, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Ninety caudal fin samples were collected (30 samples per generation) for DNA extraction. The genetic study implemented seven microsatellite markers (Cm1A8, Cm1A11, Cm1D1, Cm1E3, Cm1F4, Cm1F5, and Cm1H8). A total of 17 alleles were amplified, with variations in the mean number between four to two alleles per locus. The size per locus ranged from 170 to 360 bp. The average inbreeding coefficient was 0.126 (G0), -0.040 (G1), and 0.131 (G2). No null or exclusive alleles were found. The observed heterozygosity values for G1 and G2 demonstrated the preservation of genetic variability (0.453 and 0.409, respectively). In conclusion, the genetic diversity of the parental generation (G0) and the two progenies generations (G1 and G2) were adequate, which demonstrates that the genetic improvement program was conducted correctly; however, it is important to continue to evaluations the genetic diversity of the future progeny.
Feedlot-finishing lambs with different levels of soybean pre-cleaning by-product as the roughage source
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Costa Viviana Reboledo da , Carvalho Sérgio ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Gallarreta Bernardo da Trindade ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Leal Karoline Wagner ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Silveira Juliana Milhoranza ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Oliveira Mariana Dalla Favera Almeida de ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Taschetto Eduarda Alves ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Kasper Marco Antônio ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Uliana Daniel ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Published: April 2021

An experiment was conducted in the Sheep Farming Laboratory at the Federal University of Santa Maria to examine the effect of different levels of replacement of sorghum silage with soybean pre-cleaning by-product (SPCB) on nutrient intake, performance and feeding behavior; as well as to undertake an economic analysis of feeding finishing lambs in a feedlot system. The study involved 32 uncastrated Texel × Ile de France crossbred male lambs weaned at 60 days of age. Treatments consisted of diets in which the roughage source (sorghum silage) was replaced with SPCB at the levels of 0, 33.5, 66.5 or 100% (DM basis). A 45:55 roughage:concentrate ratio was used (DM basis). The diets were composed of a roughage feed based on sorghum silage and/or SPCB, and a concentrate consisting of crushed maize, soybean meal and limestone. In addition, mineral salt was freely available to the animals. The lambs were slaughtered upon reaching the pre-established live weight of 35 kg. Intake on a DM basis showed a quadratic response (P ≤ 0.05) in all forms it was evaluated and expressed, except for the NDF fraction, which increased linearly (P ≤ 0.05) with SPCB inclusion. Average daily weight gain was not significantly influenced (P > 0.05) by the different SPCB levels, averaging 292 g/day. As regards the feeding behavior characteristics evaluated, the number of daily feeding bouts increased linearly (P ≤ 0.01) with the SPCB content of the diets. Total feed cost decreased linearly (P ≤ 0.01), whereas the profit per kilogram of gain and profit obtained per day in the feedlot period increased linearly (P ≤ 0.01) with SPCB inclusion. The use of soybean pre-cleaning by-product as the roughage source in the finishing of feedlot lambs proved to be a viable alternative in both the productive and economic terms.
Feasibility and efficacy of modern minilaparoscopy with 2.9 mm laparoscope for diagnostic and level II gynaecological procedure
Authors: Rai Rakhi , Roy Kallol Kumar , Nair Vinod , Kachhawa Garima , Zangmo Rinchen , Garg Deepali , Vanamail Perumal
Published: April 2021

Objective Laparoscopy has now become a state-of-the-art technique for many diagnostic and therapeutic procedures with known advantages over laparotomy. There is scarce literature from India regarding minilaparoscopy, as per our literature review. Therefore, we performed this study with a 2.9-mm laparoscope to determine its feasibility and efficacy for diagnostic purposes and level II surgeries with the aim of reducing postoperative pain and better cosmesis.Methods This was a prospective study conducted from June 2019 to March 2020. Diagnostic modern minilaparoscopy with a 2.9-mm telescope was performed under general anesthesia by a single surgeon. Operative intervention was performed depending on the intraoperative findings.Results The mean age was 29.3 years. The most common indication for laparoscopy was infertility (98%). Only diagnostic laparoscopy was performed in 76% of patients, while 24% underwent operative laparoscopy. The various operative procedures performed were cystectomy, salpingectomy, ovarian drilling, and adhesiolysis. The mean visual analog scale scores at 1 hour and 2 hours postoperatively and discharge were 1.57±0.59, 1.41±0.51, and 1.29±0.47, respectively. Mild pain was present in 70 (72.2%) patients at the time of discharge, and only one patient had severe pain. Five or more analgesic tablets were required in only 16.5% of patients in the postoperative period. There was no wound infection or port-site hernia at follow-up.Conclusion Modern minilaparoscopy with a 2.9-mm laparoscope is a feasible and safe option for diagnostic laparoscopy and level II gynecological procedures with minimal postoperative morbidity, such as pain and wound infection, and provides good cosmetic outcomes.
Linkages Between Grade Point Average and Student Ratings
Authors: Richardson Robert D , Williams Robert L.
Published: April 2021

In order to better understand the potential influence of high school students’ grades on how they rate their teachers and schools, we explored the relationship between student grade point average and student ratings of teacher and school effectiveness in 370 classes taught by 230 instructors with over 6,000 students in grades 9–12 in an Intermountain West school district. Teachers were evaluated with an 18-item student survey. Students also rated their schools with six additional items. The performance measure was the grade point average (GPA) for the quarter in which students evaluated their teachers and schools. ANOVAs showed that both year in school and GPA were positively linked with ratings of teacher effectiveness and ratings of school experiences. Seniors were more positively disposed toward their teachers and school experiences than students at lower grade levels. Most of the ratings of specific items on the teacher effectiveness and school-experience scales were significantly, though not strongly, correlated with GPAs. We discuss implications and suggestions for future research.
Przyczyny i proponowane rozwiązania problemu niekorzystnych zasad obliczania emerytury w czerwcu
Authors: Berrahal Kamil
Published: April 2021

Osoba przechodząca w czerwcu na emeryturę z Funduszu Ubezpieczeń Społecznych (FUS) może otrzymać świadczenie w znacznie niższej wysokości, niż gdyby przyznano je w maju lub lipcu. Przyczynami są sposób ustalania wskaźnika kwartalnej waloryzacji składek, przez co ogłaszane są bardzo wysokie wskaźniki za I kwartał roku, oraz termin rocznej waloryzacji składek, który przypada w czerwcu (czyli w trakcie II kwartału) zamiast z początkiem kwartału (np. w lipcu). Kombinacja tych przyczyn powoduje pogorszenie sytuacji osób przechodzących na emeryturę w czerwcu. Poniższe opracowanie przedstawia analizę przyczyn tego zjawiska (oraz inne słabości obecnej regulacji), dotychczasowe środki zaradcze oraz proponowane rozwiązania.
Surface Wave Breaking Caused by Internal Solitary Waves: Effects on Radar Backscattering Measured by SAR and Radar Altimeter
Authors: Magalhães Jorge , Alpers Werner , Santos-Ferreira Adriana , da Silva José
Published: April 2021

Breaking surface waves play a key role in the exchange of momentum, heat, and gases between the atmosphere and the ocean. Waves break at the ocean’s surface at high or medium wind speeds or in the absence of wind due to shoaling of the seafloor. However, surface waves also break due to interactions with internal solitary waves (ISWs). In this paper, we revisit surface wave breaking caused by ISWs and how ISWs are manifested in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images acquired by the TerraSAR-X and Sentinel-1 satellites and in high-resolution radar altimeter data acquired by the SAR altimeter (SRAL) onboard the Sentinel-3A satellite. X-band TerraSAR-X images acquired at low wind speeds suggest that meter-scale surface breaking waves resulting from large-scale ISWs are associated with large modulations in backscatter at HH and VV polarizations that cannot be explained by present theories. Furthermore, Sentinel-1 C-band SAR satellite images acquired at moderate to high wind speeds also exhibit large radar signatures from surface wave breaking at VV and VH cross-polarizations. Finally, new observations from the Sentinel-3 SRAL altimeter show clear evidence of significant wave height (SWH) variations along the propagation paths of ISWs. The SWH signatures are unique in showing that the surface wave energy does not return to its unperturbed level after an ISW passes, most likely because intense meter-scale wave breaking results in surface wave energy dissipation. In summary, these results show that surface wave breaking contributes significantly to radar remote sensing of ISWs.
Graduação em Direito na modalidade de Educação a Distância: Desafios, Dilemas e Possibilidades
Authors: De Andrade Pollyana Vieira , Dos Santos Nivaldo
Published: April 2021

O texto objetiva refletir e analisar sobre os desafios, dilemas e possibilidades da graduação em Direito na modalidade de educação a distância (EaD), partindo da perspectiva da necessidade de ressignificar o modo como os cursos de Direito conduzem o processo educativo, buscando encontrar garantias para que se tenha um ensino eficiente e de qualidade. A metodologia adotada foi a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, sendo considerados documentos da legislação do Ministério da Educação e Cultura sobre a modalidade da educação a distância.
Política de Organização da Educação a Distância na Universidade Federal de Goiás: o que dizem os documentos
Authors: Ruas Kelly Cristina Da Silva , Maciel Carina Elisbeth , Lima Daniela Da Costa Britto Pereira
Published: April 2021

Este trabalho tem como foco apresentar a forma de organização da Educação a Distância (EaD) na Universidade Federal de Goiás que se materializa por meio das políticas institucionais. Trata-se de resultado da organização de um relatório de pesquisa realizado por meio da análise documental, com abordagem qualitativa. Foram analisados documento como o Estatuto, Regimento Geral, Plano de Desenvolvimento Institucional (PDI) e Projeto Pedagógico Institucional (PPI) e documentos do Centro Integrando de Aprendizagem em Rede (CIAR). A partir do estudo realizado, observou-se que a UFG trata a educação a distância como uma modalidade educacional, sendo utilizada como estratégia de expansão e democratização ao acesso a educação, ao mesmo tempo em que busca consolidar e fortalecer a modalidade na Instituição.
Educação à Distância e Universidade Aberta do Brasil
Authors: Costa Marcos Rogério Martins , Sousa Jonilto Costa
Published: April 2021

Este ensaio objetiva apresentar a modalidade de Educação a Distância-EaD a partir da Universidade Aberta do Brasil-UAB, discutindo, em específico, a sua história, o financiamento e os profissionais envolvidos. Como metodologia, parte-se de um estudo exploratório, retomando bases históricas e teóricas acerca do tema. A fundamentação teórica se assenta, de um lado, nos estudos de especialistas da área da Educação e das Tecnologias Digitais de Comunicação e Informação-TDCI e, de outro, na legislação brasileira desenvolvida a respeito dessa temática. Como resultado parcial, depreende-se que o Programa UAB impactou positivamente a Educação brasileira, sobretudo o oferecimento de cursos do Ensino Superior a distância.
Mudanças na avaliação da EaD no ensino superior brasileiro de 2016 a 2019: flexibilização, (des)regulamentação e autorregulação
Authors: Costa Aline Fagner de Carvalho e , Oliveira João Ferreira de , Gomes Daniela Fernandes
Published: April 2021

As mudanças legais implementadas na avaliação da educação superior, especialmente no período de 2016 a 2019, indicam maior simplificação, agilização, flexibilização e (des) regulamentação da educação superior, bem como concessão de maior autonomia às Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) privadas na ampliação de vagas e oferta de cursos. Destacam-se as alterações na Educação a Distância aplicadas a este nível de ensino. O estudo mostrou que as alterações buscam diminuir e flexibilizar os mecanismos de controle da qualidade da educação superior por parte do governo federal, reduzindo o papel regulador e avaliador do Estado. Aponta ainda para a criação de um sistema de autorregulação das IES que atuam no mercado da educação superior.
Conceitos e fatores de evasão na educação superior: uma análise entre as modalidades presencial e a distância
Authors: Bezerra Amanda Catherine Pereira , Santana Giovanna De Oliveira , Santos Catarina De Almeida
Published: April 2021

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar resultados preliminares da pesquisa “EVASÃO NA UNIVERSIDADE DE BRASILIA: estudos sobre o perfil dos evadidos e fatores interferentes”, que está sendo desenvolvida por duas estudantes de iniciação científica e faz parte da pesquisa as políticas de educação superior no Brasil, com destaque para a evasão na UnB. Para o desenvolvimento do trabalho estão sendo analisadas teses, dissertações e monografias, resultantes de pesquisas realizadas por estudantes da Universidade de Brasília, sobre a temática da evasão, nos cursos presenciais. No que se refere a evasão nos cursos a distância, foram analisados artigos publicados em periódicos que analisam os processos de evasão em diferentes universidades brasileiras. Os resultados preliminares apontam que há aspectos ou fatores específicos que levam a evasão, mas que também existem elementos comuns.
Literatura infantil e Gênero dentro do ensino EaD
Authors: Silva Beatriz Abdalla da , Jesus Mônica Pereira de , Silva Altina Abadia da
Published: April 2021

O presente trabalho busca compreender como os cursos de Pedagogia, na modalidade a distancia, abordam a literatura infantil, com foco na formação e desenvolvimento do Ser mulher. Para tal, analisou-se a grade curricular da modalidade a distancia da Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar) e do Instituto Federal de Rondônia (IFRO), fazendo um comparativo com a grade curricular da Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) que dispõe do curso de Pedagogia presencial, apresentando assim a urgência da importância da inserção de disciplinas que abordem assuntos relacionados a gênero em seu componente curricular, para que apresente um ensino democrático, consciente e engajado nas duas modalidades.
Formação continuada semipresencial: a mediação e a interatividade em um curso para professores da SEEDF
Authors: De Paiva Luiz Carlos , Gonçalves Lukelly Fernanda Amaral , Pereira Tamia Teles de Menezes , Ferreira Ramon Silva , Silva Karine Rocha Lemes , De Souza Josué Sérgio , Castro Rafaela Ferreira , Alves Luana Lopes dos Santos , Asevedo Juliana Martins
Published: April 2021

Esta pesquisa qualitativa objetiva compreender a importância da mediação e interatividade na aprendizagem de cursistas de um curso semipresencial da SEEDF. Na primeira turma, não houve mediações pedagógicas adequadas, seja pelos exercícios, seja pela falta de feedback. Na segunda, reformulou-se atividades, incluindo chat e trabalho em grupo, acrescentou-se fórum de discussão, deu-se constantes feedbacks e dobrou-se o número de encontros. As percepções dos cursistas, colhidas em roda de conversa e questionário, e as de formadores sobre o Moodle, em entrevista, foram submetidas à análise de conteúdo. Concluiu-se que há melhor aceitação e assimilação em formas colaborativas de ensino-aprendizagem, com mediação e interatividade, e rejeição a formas unilaterais, de transmissão do conhecimento.
Mediações pedagógicas nas disciplinas semipresenciais em cursos de graduação presencial da Universidade Estadual de Goiás (UEG) – Campus Goianésia
Authors: Miranda Mariana Fonseca , Bernardes Gisele Gomes Avelar
Published: April 2021

O presente trabalho se delimita às disciplinas semipresenciais oferecidas pelo Campus Goianésia, da Universidade Estadual de Goiás (UEG). A pesquisa trabalha a temática das mediações pedagógicas nas disciplinas semipresenciais, buscando desenvolver o estudo acerca da atuação do professor de EaD. A mesma tem o objetivo analisar a qualidade e a eficácia do ensino que vem sendo aplicado por meio da EaD, investigando as mediações pedagógicas do professor de EaD nas disciplinas semipresenciais oferecidas pelo Campus – Goianésia, nos cursos de Bacharelado em Administração e sistemas de Informação e licenciatura em História, Pedagogia. Afim de responder às questões levantadas e alcançar o objetivo proposto, utiliza-se da pesquisa bibliográfica e pesquisa de campo, com grupos focais.
Formação de professores e multimodalidades: uma experiência com Grafite
Authors: Magalhães Cristiane Ribeiro , Lopes Cristiane Rosa , Freitas Carla Conti de
Published: April 2021

A formação de professores representa um papel estratégico na qualidade da educação, por isso é importante pensar no processo educativo do século 21, tanto no âmbito da formação do professor quanto no contexto atual que o espera lá fora, o qual é caracterizado por novas exigências devido ao contexto tecnológico. Essas novas demandas emergem pela perspectiva dos multiletramentos, considerando as múltiplas linguagens e culturas. Assim, o presente artigo traz como tema as discussões acerca da formação de professores, considerando as experiências multimodais, pois com a revolução digital o caráter multimodal dos textos está cada vez mais marcante, a partir dos novos recursos semióticos existentes, os quais podem ser observados especialmente nas plataformas digitas. Este estudo traz apontamentos sobre uma experiência com Grafite, realizada em um curso de formação de professores de línguas, mas que também foram utilizados recursos midiáticos digitais. Este tem como objetivo possibilitar reflexões com experiências multimodais na formação de professores. A metodologia utilizada na pesquisa foi a qualitativa interpretativa. E como fundamentação teórica, foram considerados os estudos de Andreotti (2017), Rojo (2019), Lopes e Borges (2015), Souza (2018) e Souza (2017). Com isso, foi possível perceber que o tipo de experiência desenvolvida motiva o professor a repensar suas práticas.
A rádio como mediadora da aprendizagem
Authors: De Oliveira Feyth Jaques , Batista Erlinda Martins
Published: April 2021

O trabalho descreve pesquisa em andamento sendo realizada no Mestrado em Ensino de Ciências e Matemática da Universidade para o Desenvolvimento do Pantanal – UNIDERP/Anhanguera com o objetivo de analisar o uso da rádio em três escolas de Campo Grande – MS. Tal investigação aborda o uso da rádio como instrumento pedagógico para promover aprendizagem mediada por estudantes e comunidade escolar.. Os procedimentos se delimitam à aplicação de questionários na abordagem de pesquisa qualitativa. As análises serão a partir das categorias extraídas dos discursos método de Bardin e na fundamentação teórica de Vygotsky sobre a mediação entre estudantes e professores em meio educativo. Espera-se que a pesquisa venha somar para a academia e novas pesquisas sobre o uso de tecnologias no Ensino.
Seismicity at Newdigate, Surrey, during 2018–2019: A Candidate Mechanism Indicating Causation by Nearby Oil Production
Authors: Westaway Rob
Published: April 2021

During 2018–2019, oil was intermittently produced from the Late Jurassic Upper Portland Sandstone in the Weald Basin, southeast England, via the Horse Hill-1 and Brockham-X2Y wells. Concurrently, a sequence of earthquakes of magnitude ≤3.25 occurred near Newdigate, ∼3 km and ∼8 km from these wells. The pattern, with earthquakes concentrated during production from this Portland reservoir, suggests a cause-and-effect connection. It is proposed that this seismicity occurred on a patch of fault transecting permeable Dinantian limestone, beneath the Jurassic succession of the Weald Basin, hydraulically connected to this reservoir via this permeable fault and the permeable calcite ‘beef’ fabric within the Portland sandstone; oil production depressurizes this reservoir and draws groundwater from the limestone, compacting it and ‘unclamping’ the fault, reaching the Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion and causing seismicity. In principle this model is fully testable, but required data, notably the history of pressure variations in the wells, are not currently in the public domain. Quantitative estimates are, nonetheless, made of the magnitudes of the variations, arising from production from each well, in the state of stress on the seismogenic Newdigate fault. The general principles of this model, including the incorporation of poroelastic effects and effects of fault asperities into Mohr-Coulomb failure calculations, may inform understanding of anthropogenic seismicity in other settings.
How Sorghum Root Traits Can Contribute to Cereal Yield Increase
Authors: Wojciechowski Tobias , Kant Josefine
Published: April 2021

In recent decades the effects of climate change became more visible and the problems it causes for agricultural production and yield maintenance. Future crops need to be higher yielding than today, but at the same time more resilient to drought and increased temperatures, especially in drought-prone regions with erratic precipitation. Sorghum, more heat and drought tolerant than maize, presents an interesting candidate for potential genetic material to provide this increased resilience, containing traits and the underlying genetic loci conferring better performance. Compared to the above-ground tissues, root systems are less investigated, but an improvement in this “hidden half” also improves yield. Due to their close relationship, findings in sorghum may be easily incorporated into maize breeding programs. In this chapter we will review recent literature on sorghum and other cereal root system improvements and provide unpublished data on the natural variation of sorghum root development.
Thoracoabdominal Compartment Syndrome
Authors: Shaher Abdulaziz
Published: April 2021

As we advance our knowledge in understanding abdominal compartment syndrome, it is worth going back to revisit our basic embryologic development of the main determinant of the abdominal and thoracic cavities, i.e., the diaphragm. The abdominal and thoracic cavities used to be one cavity at some stage of the embryonic life — “intraembryonic coelom” — before the “septum transversum” — diaphragmatic origin — divided it into two cavities. Therefore, if a condition develops that will impair the diaphragm from separating the cavities, leading to the possibility of pressures to transmit from one cavity to another, this becomes relevant as abdominal compartment syndrome. Diaphragmatic eventration is a congenital developmental defect in the muscular portion of the diaphragm with preserved attachments to the sternum, ribs, and dorsolumbar spine, leading to a semi-membranous diaphragm that anatomically separates the two cavities, but not physiologically. In the case of high abdominal pressure, the pressure will transmit to the thoracic cavity, causing derangement in both the anatomy and physiology. This was reported and named “Thoracoabdominal Compartment Syndrome”.
Classical and Modern Remote Mapping Methods for Vegetation Cover
Authors: Česnulevičius Algimantas , Bautrėnas Artūras , Bevainis Linas , Ovodas Donatas
Published: April 2021

Plant classification is quite complex and multilevel. All living organisms are divided into domains, kingdoms, types, classes, ranks, families, tribes, and species. This classification complexity is also reflected in the classification of biogeographic maps, which is much simpler. Based on floristic dependence, vegetation is grouped by connecting it into spatial (territorial) complexes. This paper presents the interfaces of mapping methods with taxonomic vegetation types at different hierarchical levels. At the same time, examples of vegetation mapping techniques from national and thematic atlases of different countries are presented in this article. UAV aerial photographs are widely used for local mapping of vegetation areas. The authors of this article propose a new methodology that can be used to assess the ecological condition of young trees and the volume of mature forest wood. The methodology is based on the separation of tree crown areas in UAV aerial photographs and photo color analysis. For automated area calculation of young trees, a PixRGB software has been developed to determine the area of pixels of the same color in aerial photographs. The software is based on the comparison of young tree crown area calculations in AutoCAD software and area measurements of individual color spectrum pixels. In the initial stage, aerial photographs are transformed to the exact size of the photographed area. Transformations were performed with an error of less than 2–3 cm. The transformation of the spectrum of aerial photographs allowed to concentrate the color of the image of young trees in a relatively narrow color range. Studies performed in 2019–2020 to assess the ecological condition of trees and the amount of wood using UAV INSPIRE 1 and PixRGB color analysis software showed the effectiveness of the applied methodology.
A Defense of the Distinction Between Plants and Animals
Authors: George Marie I. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: April 2021

Aristotle’s division of living things into three categories has been challenged of late as to the distinction between plants and animals on the grounds that plants too are sentient. I argue that the life activities that plants carry on go on in us without sentience and would not be carried on any better with sentience, and thus are reasonably thought to go in plants in a non-sentient manner. Complementing this expectation is the fact that research on the various movements of plants accounts for them without reference to sensation, but rather by specifying various physical causes. I also show that certain proponents of plant sentience engage in faulty reasoning, including the fallacy of the accident (e.g., the plant responds to something having a quality that a sentient being would sense; therefore it senses) and equivocation (e.g., plants sense different external cues; therefore they are sentient).
Agricultura familiar e o acesso ao crédito qualificado: avanços e dificuldades em Santa Cruz da Baixa Verde – PE
Authors: Lima Filipe Augusto Xavier , Vargas Letícia Paludo , Castro Gustavo Daniel Benítez , Sousa Gerlúcio Moura Bezerra de , Dörr Andréa Cristina
Published: April 2021

O presente trabalho tem como principal objetivo caracterizar a evolução do acesso ao crédito qualificado para estimular as atividades agrícolas e não agrícolas dos agricultores familiares. A metodologia da pesquisa consiste em duas experiências relacionadas ao acesso ao crédito qualificado: um grupo de nove agricultores familiares associados à Associação de Desenvolvimento Rural Sustentável da Serra da Baixa Verde, e um grupo de doze mulheres agricultoras associadas à Associação Municipal Mulher Flor do Campo, ambas localizadas no município de Santa Cruz da Baixa Verde, Estado de Pernambuco. Dessa forma, foi realizado duas etapas complementares, sendo a primeira, o mapeamento da evolução do acesso ao crédito qualificado no município, entre os anos de 2008 e 2011, e a segunda, a análise dos dados levantados, realizada por meio de métodos estatísticos. Os resultados mostram que o crédito, na ausência de recursos próprios, é um importante instrumento para custear e investir na produção agropecuária e não agropecuária e, que, concomitantemente, a burocracia para a liberação de créditos continua sendo o principal entrave para um bom desempenho da agricultura familiar de alguns produtores de Santa Cruz da Baixa Verde. Portanto, o que se observou nos dois casos em questão, é que o crédito, na ausência de recursos próprios, é um importante instrumento para custear e investir na produção, e que, concomitantemente, a burocracia para a liberação de créditos continua sendo o principal entrave para um bom desempenho de alguns produtores de Santa Cruz da Baixa Verde.
Consciência ambiental relacionada aos resíduos sólidos urbanos em Faro Portugal
Authors: Flores Bruno Acosta , Kemerich Pedro Daniel da Cunha , Schroeder Joseane Kolzer , Piovesan Maurício , De Borba Willian Fernando
Published: April 2021

Com o aumento da população, a geração de resíduos sólidos urbanos (RSU) aumentou gradativamente, desta forma surge tecnologias adequadas para a disposição adequada desses resíduos, sendo uma delas os aterros sanitários. O presente estudo aborda a situação do município português, Faro (região sul do país) referente aos RSU, e a conscientização da população referente aos mesmos. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa de investigação, cujos entrevistados constituem um universo de 250 pessoas de diferentes classes sociais, idades e escolaridades. Para a realização deste trabalho, elaborou-se um questionário contendo 18 perguntas, sendo estas divididas em nove questões objetivas e outras nove questões subjetivas, com o intuito de caracterizar os hábitos e a consciência ambiental da população portuguesa perante o descarte incorreto e os impactos relacionados aos Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos. Após a aplicação do questionário, as principais respostas obtidas foram analisadas e representadas graficamente através do software Microsoft Excel 2010 para melhor visualização e discussão. Faro possui o sistema de coleta seletiva, o que auxilia a conscientização a comunidade. Percebe-se desta forma que o grande público de 250 pessoas entrevistadas adere às questões sustentáveis, porém, ainda não há toda comoção necessária em prol do meio ambiente para que consigamos completar um ciclo de uso e reuso até o descarte final.
Análise da gestão dos recursos hídricos no município de Erechim
Authors: Bernardi Lidiane
Published: April 2021

Este trabalho teve como premissa analisar o status atual da gestão dos recursos hídricos no município de Erechim (RS) com base nos planos de manejo, dados estatísticos, históricos e informações coletadas junto a gestores responsáveis pelas instituições legais que respondem pelas políticas públicas ambientais do município tais como Secretaria Municipal de Meio Ambiente (SMMA), Prefeitura Municipal, Comitê de Bacia Hidrográfica Apuaê Inhandava (CBHAI), Comitê de Bacia Hidrográfica Passo Fundo (CBHPF), Conselho Municipal de Proteção ao Meio Ambiente (COMPAM) e Corsan.
Gestão ambiental em escolas públicas do município de Erechim
Authors: Staczak Franciele
Published: April 2021

Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com objetivo de avaliar a Gestão Ambiental (GA) implantada nas escolas públicas do município de Erechim – RS, procurando estabelecer a relação entre Educação Ambiental (EA) e Gestão Ambiental, bem como demonstrar sua importância para o enfrentamento dos desafios socioambientais. A técnica utilizada para a coleta de dados foi entrevista semi-estruturada, tendo como base um questionário de 26 questões, direcionado aos principais gestores das escolas públicas do município de Erechim
Estudo de caso para a viabilidade de implementação de sistema de tratamento de esgoto compacto na região metropolitana de Goiânia
Authors: Haraguchi Marcelo Tsuyoshi , Ucker Fernando Ernesto , Kronhardt Rodrigo , Ferrari Thiago , Kemerich Pedro Daniel da Cunha
Published: April 2021

O objetivo deste estudo consiste em avaliar a viabilidade de um sistema de ETE compacta em detrimento de um sistema convencional de estações de tratamento de esgoto já consolidado no país no tratamento de esgoto sanitário, considerando seu custo, eficiência e demanda espacial. Os sistemas comparados nesta análise são: ETE Goianira, sistema convencional; ETE Campos Dourados, sistema compacto. A estação Campos Dourados não alcançou a eficiência do sistema convencional, porém os resultados estão em conformidade com o que estabelece a legislação ambiental. A ETE compacta apresenta maior custo de implantação e manutenção, mas a diferença não a torna inviável devido ao retorno na ocupação de espaço, que é substancialmente favorável comparado com o sistema convencional de lagoas de estabilização da ETE Goianira.