bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crossing the bridge to VATS lobectomy
Authors: Tcherveniakov P , Bogdan C , Chaudhuri N
Published: October 2017

Introduction

The impact of the introduction of video assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) on the management of lung cancer 20 years ago has been well documented. However, the uptake of VATS lobectomy in surgical practice worldwide has been slower than expected. We believe that this is partly due to a lack of consensus on how this procedure should be integrated into training programmes. We present our initial experience with a newly developed training model, which could help bridge the divide between open and VATS lobectomy.

Methods

Two surgical registrars were initiated into this model, supervised by a single consultant. All cases were performed using a standardised three-port anterior approach with systematic lymph node dissection. Both registrars were scrubbed for each case, alternating as first surgeon and assistant, with the supervising consultant operating the camera.

Results

Over a 6-month period, 22 lung resections for non-small cell lung carcinoma were performed as VATS lobectomies. Thirteen of them were upper lobectomies. There were no emergency conversions to open surgery. The mean operative time for the registrars was 155 minutes compared with 140 minutes for consultant-led operations (p=0.22). There was no perioperative mortality. The most common postoperative complications were atrial fibrillation (4 cases) and prolonged air leak (3 cases).

Conclusions

VATS lobectomy involves a team approach. Especially in upper lobectomies, the assistant surgeon plays a significant role in the operation, often helping with the dissection as well as stapling of the bronchial and vascular structures. With a team consisting of two trainees and a supervising surgeon, the teaching process becomes more intuitive and is accelerated. This should reduce the learning curve considerably and improve safety during training.
Transoral laser surgery for laryngeal carcinoma: has Steiner achieved a genuine paradigm shift in oncological surgery?
Authors: Harris AT , Tanyi A , Hart RD , Trites J , Rigby MH , Lancaster J , Nicolaides A , Taylor SM
Published: October 2017

Transoral laser microsurgery applies to the piecemeal removal of malignant tumours of the upper aerodigestive tract using the CO2 laser under the operating microscope. This method of surgery is being increasingly popularised as a single modality treatment of choice in early laryngeal cancers (T1 and T2) and occasionally in the more advanced forms of the disease (T3 and T4), predominantly within the supraglottis.

Thomas Kuhn, the American physicist turned philosopher and historian of science, coined the phrase ‘paradigm shift’ in his groundbreaking book The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. He argued that the arrival of the new and often incompatible idea forms the core of a new paradigm, the birth of an entirely new way of thinking. This article discusses whether Steiner and colleagues truly brought about a paradigm shift in oncological surgery.

By rejecting the principle of en block resection and by replacing it with the belief that not only is it oncologically safe to cut through the substance of the tumour but in doing so one can actually achieve better results, Steiner was able to truly revolutionise the management of laryngeal cancer. Even though within this article the repercussions of his insight are limited to the upper aerodigestive tract oncological surgery, his willingness to question other peoples’ dogma makes his contribution truly a genuine paradigm shift.
Virtuality and enhancement in Richard McGuire’s Here(s)
Authors: Brown Kieron Michael
Published: October 2017

The reading process of comics involves a significant virtual component, arising from the often complex ways in which readers navigate space and time. In few instances is the depiction of space and time as radical as in Richard McGuire’s Here, which uses inset panels to jump between various points in time within a single space. The 2014 book version of Here was followed by an eBook containing specifically digital features, such as subtle animation, and the untethering of inset panels from their original host panels. These features led to the eBook being titled Here (Enhanced edition). This article challenges the use of the term ‘enhanced’ with reference to the eBook, regarding an enhancement as an increase in number rather than an improvement. Borrowing from a conception of enhancement from the field of user interface (UI) design, it is suggested that the digital version of Here cannot be considered enhanced in terms of navigation because of a lack of core functionality between platforms. Use of the term is also questionable in terms of content, as despite additional combinations of panels, the potential connections between elements in the eBook are available in the print version if the reader is prepared to make them.
STABILIZATION AND SPECIFICATION OF CHARACTERISTIC VALUE OF GEOTECHNICAL PARAMETERS
Authors: Vaníček Ivan
Published: October 2017

Soil stabilization, process, by which the soil properties are improved, is getting growing attention during last periods. Paper is focused on application for earth structures. Methods of soil stabilization together with their applicability for different soils are discussed firstly. The sensitivity of the process of the cautious estimation of the characteristic values of geotechnical parameters which are subsequently used for the design, is shown on the base of the logical scheme of the geotechnical design report for earth structures. Finally the need of the laboratory tests for the closer specification of the soil stabilization technology and also for the determination of the geotechnical data are discussed.
Los movimientos sociales, el feminismo comunitario y sus aportes a los procesos de construcción de democracia en Colombia
Authors: Silva Arce Piero Emmanuel
Published: October 2017

Este artículo busca hacer un recorrido por el concepto de movimientos sociales y su repercusión en las sociedades y en los modelos políticos occidentales; al mismo tiempo, se abordará la construcción del movimiento feminista comunitario, tomando como punto de referencia la Revolución Francesa, para finalmente mostrar la importancia de los planteamientos teóricos feministas y sus prácticas en aras de avanzar hacia una Colombia más justa donde la solidaridad y la paz primen sobre la guerra. Tener en cuenta los aportes del feminismo en el marco del proceso de paz entre el Gobierno colombiano y las FARC-EP es sentar las bases para la construcción de un camino sólido hacia la democracia.
Query-driven on-the-fly knowledge base construction
Authors: Nguyen Dat Ba , Abujabal Abdalghani , Tran Nam Khanh , Theobald Martin , Weikum Gerhard
Published: October 2017

Today's openly available knowledge bases, such as DBpedia, Yago, Wikidata or Freebase, capture billions of facts about the world's entities. However, even the largest among these (i) are still limited in up-to-date coverage of what happens in the real world, and (ii) miss out on many relevant predicates that precisely capture the wide variety of relationships among entities. To overcome both of these limitations, we propose a novel approach to build
on-the-fly knowledge bases
in a query-driven manner. Our system, called QKBfly, supports analysts and journalists as well as question answering on emerging topics, by dynamically acquiring relevant facts as timely and comprehensively as possible. QKBfly is based on a
semantic-graph representation
of sentences, by which we perform three key IE tasks, namely
named-entity disambiguation, co-reference resolution
and
relation extraction
, in a light-weight and integrated manner. In contrast to Open IE, our output is canonicalized. In contrast to traditional IE, we capture more predicates, including ternary and higher-arity ones. Our experiments demonstrate that QKBfly can build high-quality, on-the-fly knowledge bases that can readily be deployed, e.g., for the task of ad-hoc question answering.
But Why Glendale? A History of Armenian Immigration to Southern California
Authors: Fittante Daniel
Published: October 2017

Despite its many contributions to Los Angeles, the internally complex community of Armenian Angelenos remains enigmatically absent from academic print. As a result, its history remains untold. While Armenians live throughout Southern California, the greatest concentration exists in Glendale, where Armenians make up a demographic majority (approximately 40 percent of the population) and have done much to reconfigure this homogenous, sleepy, sundown town of the 1950s into an ethnically diverse and economically booming urban center. This article presents a brief history of Armenian immigration to Southern California and attempts to explain why Glendale has become the world's most demographically concentrated Armenian diasporic hub. It does so by situating the history of Glendale's Armenian community in a complex matrix of international, national, and local events.
La gestión del conocimiento y la sostenibilidad de la acreditación del Hospital Pablo VI Bosa de Bogotá
Authors: Cortés Quiroga Luz Jeannette
Published: October 2017

En las instituciones de salud en Colombia no se ha explorado la Gestión del Conocimiento (GC) y su articulación con el Sistema Único de Acreditación en Salud (SUA), como facilitadores efectivos en la creación de ventajas competitivas y el desarrollo de innovación. El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar la relación existente entre la GC de una entidad de salud acreditada
de Primer Nivel en Bogotá, y la sostenibilidad del SUA, implementando una propuesta que articule la GC y SUA en la organización. El proyecto corresponde
a un estudio mixto concurrente, de tipo descriptivo. Se seleccionó como base la teoría de “creación del conocimiento” (Nonaka y Takeuchi, 2000). Se aplicaron
técnicas cuantitativas y cualitativas de recolección de datos: revisión documental, encuestas a colaboradores (n=310) y entrevistas semiestructuradas a directivos (n=5). Para el análisis de datos cuantitativos se utilizaron medidas de frecuencia y para las entrevistas análisis de contenido, realizando posteriormente triangulación de resultados. Se realiza una propuesta metodológica de articulación del SUA y la GC en la entidad, con posterior validación a través de los equipos de mejora continua. Como conclusiones, se encuentra que el SUA tiene incorporados elementos de la teoría de Nonaka y Takeuchi que facilitan la creación, captura y transferencia del conocimiento en la entidad, y por tanto promueven el aprendizaje de los colaboradores, facilitando su sostenibilidad. La entidad objeto de estudio tiene un grado de avance en la GC de “moderado a avanzado"
Intravenous Zanamivir in Hospitalized Patients With Influenza
Authors: Bradley John S. , Blumer Jeffrey L. , Romero José R. , Michaels Marian G. , Munoz Flor M. , Kimberlin David W. , Pahud Barbara , DeBiasi Roberta L. , Yamamoto Go , Roberts Grace , Hossain Mohammad , Shortino Denise , Yates Phillip J. , Adams Bryan , Peppercorn Amanda
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUND:

Children with severe influenza infection may require parenteral therapy if oral or inhaled therapies are ineffective or cannot be administered. Results from a study investigating intravenous (IV) zanamivir for the treatment of hospitalized infants and children with influenza are presented.

METHODS:

This phase II, open-label, multicenter, single-arm study assessed the safety of investigational IV zanamivir in hospitalized children with influenza. Safety outcomes included treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), clinical laboratory measurements, and vital signs. Clinical outcomes, pharmacokinetics, and virologic efficacy data were collected as key secondary outcomes.

RESULTS:

In total, 71 children received treatment with investigational IV zanamivir (exposure comparable to 600 mg twice daily in adults). TEAEs and serious TEAEs (STEAEs) were reported in 51 (72%) and 15 (21%) patients, respectively. The mortality rate was 7%, and median durations of hospital and ICU stays were 6 and 7.5 days, respectively. No STEAEs or deaths were considered related to IV zanamivir treatment, and no patterns of TEAEs, laboratory abnormalities, or vital signs were observed. The mean zanamivir exposures from 34 patients with normal renal function who received 12 mg/kg, 14 mg/kg, or 600 mg of IV zanamivir ranged from 64.5 to 110 hour·µg/mL. The median change from baseline in the viral load was −1.81 log10 copies per mL after 2 days of treatment.

CONCLUSIONS:

The safety profile of IV zanamivir was favorable, with no drug-related STEAEs reported. The majority of children experienced virologic response and clinical improvement during the treatment course. Systemic zanamivir exposures in children were consistent with adults.
Whole body vibration and blood glucose levels in elderly people: a pilot study
Authors: Licurci Maria das Graças Bastos , Fagundes Alessandra De Almeida , Arisawa Emilia Angela Lo Schiavo
Published: October 2017

***Whole body vibration and blood glucose levels in elderly people: a pilot study***AIMS: To evaluate the effect of whole-body vibration therapy on blood glucose levels of elderly people using a vibratory platform.METHODS: The study included volunteers of both genders, aged between 60 and 75 years, without gait disorders or motor disabilities. Individuals with systemic disease, obesity, conflicting treatments, tobacco users, and those who could not understand the maneuvers were excluded. The study consisted of a single session of whole-body vibration. Heart rate, respiratory rate, arterial blood pressure, and blood glucose were obtained for each participant at baseline, immediately before the procedure. Volunteers were then placed in the standing position on the ground of an oscillating platform and treated for 10 min with a frequency of vibration set at 20 Hz (displacement  ±6 mm; orbital vibration). Immediately after the whole-body vibration session, all data were collected again. Comparisons were made between baseline and post-treatment data. Normality was tested by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Data were analyzed using paired Student’s t-test or Wilcoxon test as appropriate. The level of significance was set at p<0.05.RESULTS: Eleven participants (seven men, four women) participated of the study. The mean age was 64.18±4.37 years. The results showed a significant decrease in the glycemic indexes (p=0.016) and an increase in the respiratory rate (p=0.047) after the whole-body vibration session.CONCLUSIONS: Healthy elderly subjected for 10 minutes to whole-body vibration set at 20 Hz presented reduction of blood glucose levels and increasing of respiratory rate.
O consumo de peixe anchoita na alimentação escolar: aceitabilidade e adesão
Authors: Fonseca Simone Guerra , Scarparo Ana Luiza Sander , Capalonga Roberta , De Oliveira Luciana Dias , Madureira Lauro Saint Pastous , Da Silva Vanuska Lima
Published: October 2017

Objetivo: Avaliar a possibilidade de inclusão do peixe Engraulis anchoita na alimentação escolar, considerando a aceitabilidade e a adesão, e os fatores que interferem em seu consumo pelos estudantes de escolas públicas no Rio Grande do Sul (RS).Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado em escolas públicas do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, que compreendeu duas etapas: a primeira analisando a aceitabilidade, pelo método Escala Hedônica, e adesão à preparação “massa com molho de anchoita”; a segunda avaliando a adesão em diferentes preparações com o peixe. Foi avaliada a frequência, absoluta e relativa, utilizando o Programa SPSS 18.0, onde se obteve os valores percentuais e médias de aceitabilidade e adesão dos itens em estudo. O projeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul sob nº 21550, atendendo a todos os critérios legais previstos para pesquisa científica com humanos.Resultados: 1ª etapa, aceitabilidade: participaram 26.533 escolares, sendo 10.169 de escolas estaduais, 6.278 de Rio Grande e 10.086 de Porto Alegre. 2ª etapa, adesão: participaram 25.778 alunos de 77 escolas estaduais e 22 de Porto Alegre. Na etapa 1, verificou-se que 68, 71 e 81% dos alunos, respectivamente, do Estado, Rio Grande e Porto Alegre gostaram da preparação. A adesão foi de 64% nas escolas estaduais e de 62% nas de Rio Grande, enquanto que nas de Porto Alegre foi de 45%. Na etapa 2, a média de adesão foi de 92,1% para pizza, 72,3% para polenta, 87,5% para batata, 83,9% para pão, 72,9% para risoto e 68,5% para massa.Conclusão: Acredita-se ser possível a inclusão do Engraulis anchoita na alimentação escolar por meio de iniciativas que promovam o consumo de pescado.
On the role of enterococci in the bloodstream: Results of a single-center, retrospective, observational study at a German University Hospital
Authors: Frickmann Hagen , Köller Kerstin , Veil Irina , Weise Mirjam , Ludyga Alicja , Schwarz Norbert Georg , Warnke Philipp , Podbielski Andreas
Published: October 2017

This study assesses the clinical relevance of vancomycin-susceptible enterococci in bacteremic patients and compares it with bacteremia due to Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.

During a 5-year-study interval, clinical and diagnostic features of patients with enterococcal bacteremia were compared to those of patients with E. coli or S. aureus bacteremia. Each patient was only counted once per hospital stay.

During the 5-year study interval, data from 267 patients with enterococcal bacteremia and from 661 patients with bacteremia due to E. coli or S. aureus were evaluated. In spite of a comparable risk of death, patients with enterococci more frequently needed catecholamines and invasive ventilation. Furthermore, enterococci were more frequently associated with a mixed bacterial flora in bloodstream infections. While fatal sepsis due to E. coli and S. aureus was associated with typical shock symptoms, this association was not confirmed for enterococci.

Although enterococcal bacteremia is associated with a risk of dying comparable to that with bacteremia due to E. coli and S. aureus, a lower pathogenic potential of enterococci in bloodstream has to be acknowledged. Enterococci in the bloodstream are more likely to be an epiphenomenon of impending death than its major cause.
Manufatura aditiva: estado da arte e framework de aplicações
Authors: Rodrigues Vinícius Picanço , Zancul Eduardo de Senzi , Mançanares Cauê Gonçalves , Giordano Caio Mezzeti , Salerno Mario Sergio
Published: October 2017

Manufatura aditiva compreende uma classe de processos de produção com aplicação crescente em diversas áreas e cadeias produtivas. Devido à flexibilidade para a produção em baixos lotes e versatilidade de materiais e geometrias, essa tecnologia é tida como capaz de revolucionar processos produtivos e de alterar estratégias de produção atualmente empregadas. Entretanto, sob o rótulo genérico de manufatura aditiva existem diferentes tecnologias, materiais e áreas de aplicações, com requisitos diferentes. Tendo em vista a crescente importância da manufatura aditiva como processo de produção e considerando a necessidade de se ter maior discernimento sobre potenciais aplicações para o direcionamento de esforços de pesquisa e de desenvolvimento, este artigo apresenta uma proposta de organização das aplicações da manufatura aditiva em sete áreas. Adicionalmente, o artigo traça um panorama do estágio atual de desenvolvimento da tecnologia, com uma revisão das principais variantes tecnológicas. Os resultados apresentados servem como base para auxiliar o direcionamento de iniciativas na área de manufatura aditiva tanto em empresas como em órgãos de fomento e em instituições de pesquisa.
Bibliometric analysis of publications related to the term ‘servitization’ in operations management
Authors: Tissot Priscila Bresolin , Tondolo Vilmar Antônio Gonçalves , Espíndola André , Longaray André Andrade , Camargo Maria Emília
Published: October 2017

The term servitization has been used since the 1980s to explain the phenomenon of integration of services to products as an organization's business strategy. After nearly three decades of its definition, the servitization is still a concept with gaps to be defined. This article aims to describe the panorama of scientific literature on the term 'servitization'. With respect to the procedures adopted, we used the technique of bibliometrics, held in Scopus Database, between January 1988 and July 2015. Among the main results, it was found that a significant number of studies on the subject was held in European countries, involving 37 journals and 155 researchers from 22 countries. With respect to the methods and techniques used, it was possible to identify the prevalence of qualitative methods such as the case study. The keywords allowed to identify new terms, similar to servitization. In addition, it was revealed the absence of studies that consider servitization from the perspective of the end user.
Estudo sobre o desenvolvimento e tendências futuras da Manufatura Integrada por Computador (CIM) através de análise bibliográfica e bibliométrica
Authors: Coelho Fabio Junio dos Santos , Carvalho Rogério Atem de
Published: October 2017

O conceito de Manufatura Integrada por Computador (CIM) surgiu e começou a ser discutido no século passado, ainda na década de 1970. Este trabalho trás os conceitos iniciais da CIM, mostrando quais eram as expectativas com sua implantação nas indústrias de manufatura. Através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica detalhada, baseada numa análise bibliométrica, buscou-se verificar quando foi o auge das pesquisas e publicações a respeito deste tema e como se deu sua evolução. Por fim, são apresentadas as tendências futuras para as tecnologias de chão de fábrica que permitem a integração das informações em todos os departamentos da empresa.
”It Feels Like Being a Real Doctor:” The Virtual Family Approach in Medical Education
Authors: Robison Don , Rajasekaran Senthil , Berman Norman , Auerbach Lisa , Henderson David , Rose Suzanne , Mazzurco Lauren , Matson Christine
Published: October 2017

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. The majority of health outcomes are determined by social determinants of health (SDOH) while medical care is responsible for as little as 20% of health outcomes. This article is an introduction to the Virtual Family (VF) approach to case based instruction; a novel strategy for addressing SDOH in medical school. The VF theoretical framework is presented and practical considerations and challenges for implementation of the VF approach at three different medical schools are offered. VFs are defined as representations of families or social groups that are not real. "Virtual," in this instance, refers to people or things that do not physically exist. The VF approach allows students and educators to adjust the "lens" of a case's focus to view the relevant determinants. The VF approach is presented as an extension of the virtual patient approach. Theoretical support for the VF approach is argued drawing on principles from modeling and simulation, effective story design, establishing a sense of human presence, serious gaming, visual design, identity leveraging, and flow theory. Challenges and benefits of the approach are described. Measures of efficacy designed to match learning goals are proposed. The VF approach is presented as practical, accessible, economical, and potentially powerful.
Stabilisation of highly swelling clay using lime–sand mixtures
Authors: Schanz Tom , Elsawy Mohamed B. D.
Published: October 2017

Stabilisation of expansive soil using lime or sand is an effective improvement technique as it reduces the swelling ability of the soil. The aim of this paper is to study the influence of different lime fractions and lime–sand mixtures on the behaviour of highly expansive clay by performing swelling and strength tests on each mixture. Calcium (Ca)-bentonite is utilised as highly expansive clay. All samples were remoulded according to the results of the modified compaction Aashto test. Non-treated bentonite possesses high values of swelling and strength. Mixing lime and sand with clay causes significant reductions in swelling characteristics. The reductions increase effectively with the increase in lime and sand content. The swell potential and the swelling pressure of the clay almost vanish when stabilised by 10% lime and 50% sand. Generally, adding only lime into clay leads to an increase of its California bearing ratio (CBR) and unconfined compressive strength (UCS), whereas mixing clay with both lime and sand leads to an increase in the CBR values. The CBR values increase significantly with the increment of their content. For a >30% sand content, the UCS of the lime–clay mixtures decreases on increasing the sand fractions, whereas the UCS values increase with a longer curing time. The CBR and UCS-56 d curing time of the stabilised clay with 10% lime and 50% sand increase to twice the values for the non-treated clay.
A construção e a aplicação de modelos didáticos no ensino de Bioquímica
Authors: Zierer Maximiliano De Souza
Published: October 2017

Este trabalho descreve como construir e utilizar modelos didáticos como metodologia para um ensino mais criativo na disciplina de Bioquímica. Os alunos são organizados em grupos para discutir a criação, o planejamento e execução dos modelos. Previamente, o professor orienta quanto ao uso de diversos materiais para a sua elaboração e incentiva o uso de materiais de baixo custo. No dia da atividade, realizada em sala de aula, os estudantes confeccionam os seus modelos e são avaliados oralmente pelo professor quanto às funções ou processos representados. No final da aula, é proposta a apresentação por cada grupo, além de uma discussão geral sobre os mesmos. A construção de modelos didáticos é uma metodologia que possibilita tornar a sala de aula um ambiente altamente propício à expressão criativa, permitindo aos discentes desenvolver suas potencialidades, e elevando-os a uma aprendizagem efetiva, significativa e mais duradoura quando comparada aos métodos de ensino tradicionais.
Monetary Policy Uncertainty
Authors: Husted Lucas , Rogers John , Sun Bo
Published: October 2017

We construct new measures of uncertainty about Federal Reserve policy actions and their consequences - monetary policy uncertainty (MPU) indexes. We show that, under a variety of VAR identification schemes, positive shocks to uncertainty about monetary policy robustly raise credit spreads and reduce output. The effects are of comparable magnitude to those of conventional monetary policy shocks. We evaluate the usefulness of our MPU indexes, and examine the influence of Fed communication. Our analysis suggests that policy rate normalization that is accompanied by reduced uncertainty can help neutralize the contractionary effects of the rate increases themselves.
Editorial: Engaging with African Customary Law: Legal History in Contemporary South Africa
Authors: Du Plessis Paul , Du Plessis Willemien
Published: October 2017

This special edition consists of a selection of the contributions delivered an event on Custom, Oral History and Law: Writing South African Legal History, co-hosted by the Law School, University of Edinburgh and the Faculty of Law, North-West University.
FACS sorting and genome amplification of single cells v1
Authors: Bergin Claudia , Divne Anna-Maria
Published: October 2017

This protocol describes fluorescence-activated single cell sorting using a MoFlo Astrios EQ cell sorter (Beckman Coulter) and whole genome amplification of single sorted cells in plate formats using the REPLI-g Single Cell kit (Qiagen).
Typhoid Fever: Combined vs. Single Antibiotic Therapy v1
Authors: Zmora Niv , Shrestha Sudeep , Neuberger Ami , Paran Yael , Tamrakar Rajendra , Shrestha Ashish , K. Madhup Surendra , Bedi TRS , Koju Rajendra , Schwartz Eli
Published: October 2017

Typhoid Fever: Combined vs. Single Antibiotic Therapy
MICRO-DILUCIÓN EN PLACA PARA LA EVALUACIÓN DE LA ACTIVIDAD ANTIMICROBIANA v2
Authors: Alberto Téllez Ramírez Germán , Carolina Henao Diana , Johanna Toro Lily
Published: October 2017

Este método es basado en el método clásico de micro-dilución en placa de NCLSS (National Committee of Laboratory Safety and Standards (NCLSS) como fue publicado en Amsterdam, D. 1996. Susceptibility testing of Antimicrobials in liquid media.In'Antibiotics in Laboratory Medicine', Lorian, V., ed. Fourth Edition, pp.52-111. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore. Modificado conrespecto a la lectura de la placa utilizando unindicador metabólico para incrementar la sensibilidad de la prueba respecto al crecimiento de las bacterias. La realizacion de este protocolo fue posible gracias al apoyo del departamento administrativo de ciencia tecnología e innovacion, Colciencias a traves del proyecto 111356933173 convocatoria569-2012.
Protocolo de extracción de PBMCs por densidad con iodioxanol v2
Authors: Johanna Toro Lily , Alberto Téllez Ramírez Germán , Carolina Henao Diana , Carlos Castaño Osorio Jhon
Published: October 2017

Procedimiento basado en la sedimentación a través de una barrera de densidad de 1,077g/ml dejando en la interfase los PBMCs. La realizacion de este protocolo fue posible gracias al apoyo del departamento administrativo deciencia tecnología e innovacion, Colciencias a traves del proyecto 111356933173convocatoria569-2012.
The Ecology Character Of Banda Aceh City In The 17th Century
Authors: Wulandari Elysa , Soetomo Sugiono , Syahbana Joesron Alie , Manaf Asnawi
Published: October 2017

Bandar Aceh Darussalam as tamaddun city in the tip of Sumatera Island and capital city of 17th century Islamic Aceh Sultanate, was a strategic coastal city. It had sloping beach and bays and was surrounded by mountains with rivers flowing through the city. Its wetlands-based urban development was reflected in the design of urban space structure and key elements of the city. It becomes inspiration for developing modern ecological city since 17th century Islamic cities in archipelago of the East is rarely studied. This research aimed to study the spatial concept of Bandar Aceh Darussalam. Data was collected by using the method of tracking physical information through ancient maps and field observation of the environment characteristic. It was found that the ecological character of the city seemed to be affected by the existence of integrated natural features, function and the role of the city that included Islamic concepts. The main elements of the city reflected the character of civilization in three aspects: the drainage system i.e. cut and fill, the scattered and wide empty space, and natural defense system. The concept of harmony between urban development and city’s ecological character was shown in the design of urban landscape.
Exploring the Significance of Mecca Sacred Mosque Global Location
Authors: Wazeri Yehia Hassan
Published: October 2017

In traditional Islamic cities, the great mosque lies in the middle as the main landmark of the city. It is stated in the Qur'an that the Ka’ba (Mecca sacred mosque) was the first house that was built in Mecca city for humanity to worship Allah. Therefore, Mecca is the holiest city of Islam, and the goal of the annual Muslim hajj (pilgrimage). The objective of the present study is to explore the significance of sacred mosque of Mecca global location on dry land by using accurate measurements and Satellite programs.The results of the study illustrate that the sacred mosque of  Mecca equally distances away from the following locations:1) The farthest borders edges of Africa and Europe as well, 2) The nearest borders of the new world continents along with a part of Asia which meeting the Northern borders of North America at the Bering Sea, 3) The farthest borders of the new world continents that represent the outer edges of the dry land, 4) Finally, the Ka’ba is equally distant from the geographical centers of the new world continents.
Evaluación de la degradación, consumo voluntario y comportamiento productivo de ovinos alimentados con saccharina y maíz
Authors: Godínez-Juárez Beatriz , Vargas-Villamil Luis , Gonzalez-Garduño Roberto , Saldivar-Cruz Juan M. , Izquierdo-R Francisco , Hernández-Mendo Omar , Ramos-Juárez Jesús A.
Published: October 2017

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el consumo voluntario y el comportamiento productivo de ovinos ali- mentados con una dieta de Saccharina con maíz molido (MM), así como la degradación ruminal in situ en bovinos. Se analizó el consumo voluntario del alimento y la ganancia de peso en 24 ovinos Katahdin x Pelibuey en crecimiento, con un peso inicial promedio de 17 ± 3.0 kg, alimentados con cuatro dietas (10, 20, 30 y 40 % de MM). En dos bovinos canulados se evaluó la degradación efectiva (DE) de la materia seca (MS) y de la bra detergente neutro (FDN) a las 0, 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, 36 h como factor A y cinco niveles de MM (0, 10, 20, 30 y 40 %) como factor B, para lo cual se utilizó una distribución factorial en un diseño completamente al azar. El tratamiento con 10 % de MM presentó los valores más altos de degradación in situ, tanto para la MS como para la FDN, el cual estuvo relacionado con un alto nivel de fracción soluble y una baja fracción no degradable. Las fracciones no degradables, las tasas de degradación, y la degradación efectiva, fueron similares (p ≥ 0.05). La degradación efectiva aumentó a partir del tratamiento con 10 % de MM. Los ovinos alimentados con 40 % de MM tuvieron el mayor consumo (70.7 kg) y la mayor ganancia de peso (0.124 kg). La aportación de maíz molido a la dieta, mejoró la degradación in situ en bovinos, el consumo y las ganancias de peso de ovinos.
Protección Social en Salud: entre el feudalismo institucional y la garantía constitucional. Una agenda de transición posible
Authors: Heras Gómez Antonio
Published: October 2017

Se analizan las restricciones existentes para un sistema único de salud en México. Se revisan los límites del derecho constitucionalidad a la salud, el papel desarrollado por el seguro popular, las experiencias de integración funcional del sector salud y una revisión del concepto den universalización de la atención a la salud. Se concluye con la agenda posible en relación con los derechos, el financiamiento y la voz de los ciudadanos.
Dieta Mediterránea Mexicanizada propuesta de patrón alimentario esperanzador para México.
Authors: Sierra Ovando Ángel Ernesto
Published: October 2017

La adopción de alimentos poco comunes en la dieta mexicana es algo difícil de implementar, la dieta mediterránea mexicanizada DMM, ofrece la inclusión de alimentos de uso común en la población mexicana, de composición similar en nutrimentos de los que son consumidos en el área del mediterráneo, además de mantener el orden de consumo.
Correlación obesidad/riesgo metabólico en estudiantes de ciencias de la salud de Tabasco. Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco
Authors: Jiménez Sastré Alejandro , Elsy del Carmen Quevedo Tejero Elsy del Carmen , Gómez Rebeca Estrella , Albarrán Melzer Jorda , Zavala González Marco Antonio
Published: October 2017

Determinar la correlación entre obesidad
y tensión arterial, glucemia, colesterol y triglicéridos
séricos, en estudiantes obesos de la División Académica
de Ciencias de la Salud.
Diseño: observacional, prospectivo, transversal, analítico. Universo: 1,255 estudiantes. Muestra: probabilística simple, error máximo aceptable 5%, porcentaje estimado de la muestra 50%, y confianza 95%; muestra 294 sujetos. Muestreo: aleatorizado simple, técnica “números aleatorios”. Criterios de inclusión: sujetos de cualquier edad y sexo, obesos, asintomáticos. Variables: edad, sexo, índice de masa corporal (IMC), tensión arterial sistólica (TAS) y diastólica (TAD), glucemia, colesterol, triglicéridos. Instrumentos: tensión arterial determinada con esfingobaumanómetro anaeroide; química sanguínea realizada con equipo Metrolab 2300plus©. Análisis: estadísticas descriptivas, y coeficiente de correlación de Pearson, con 95% de confianza.
Tejido adiposo epicárdico: su relación con enfermedades cardiovasculares
Authors: Yañez Rivera Teresa Guadalupe , Ble Castillo Jorge Luis , Baños García Manuel Alfonso , Torres Hernández Manuel Eduardo , García Vázquez Carlos
Published: October 2017

La obesidad aumenta el riesgo de desarrollar enfermedades cardiovasculares, sin embargo, el riesgo depende significativamente de la distribución del tejido adiposo en el cuerpo. Evidencia reciente indica que cada depósito de grasa visceral es anatómica y funcionalmente diferente. Dada la proximidad al órgano, cada depósito de tejido adiposo visceral ejerce una modulación local más que un efecto sistémico. Debido a su peculiar localización y sus propiedades biomoleculares, el tejido adiposo epicárdico, se ha abierto campo como causante de arteriosclerosis. Este tejido puede ser medido con técnicas de imagen y está clínicamente relacionado con la masa del ventrículo izquierdo, la enfermedad arterial coronaria y el síndrome metabólico. Por tanto, la medición de la grasa epicárdica puede tener un papel en la estratificación del riesgo cardiometabólico y servir como blanco terapéutico.
VIH/SIDA: prevención y mercadeo social.Isla de la Juventud. Cuba.
Authors: Suárez Lugo Nery , Aguilar Rivero Luis Alberto
Published: October 2017

Estudio descriptivo y transversal, del Consejo Popular “26 de Julio”, Municipio especial Isla de la Juventud, Cuba, con los objetivos de caracterizar los jóvenes de 20 a 29 años según variables sociodemográficas; describir barreras psicológicas, físicas y conductuales en el uso del condón masculino; determinar los conocimientos y prácticas sexuales; identificar la percepción de riesgo de infección por VIH/sida y a partir del diagnóstico obtenido mediante la encuesta y lluvia de idea, describir las principales brechas en el mercadeo social para incrementar las relaciones sexuales protegidas mediante el uso del condón masculino y prevenir el VIH/sida.
Los resultados evidencian la presencia de una población joven vulnerable debido a predominio de baja escolaridad, sin vínculo laboral, parejas múltiples sin protegerse siempre. Hay barreras psicológicas presentes mas en mujeres, condicionadas fundamentalmente a roles de género. La no disponibilidad de las marcas de mercadeo social, Vigor y Vigor Max, consideradas de mejor calidad, constituye una barrera de accesibilidad en el territorio y una demanda insatisfecha de la población, aunque hay disponibilidad de la marca Momentos, con presencia estable en el mercado. El precio se considera accesible. Enfermeras, médicos de familia, familiares y amigos, constituyen las principales vías de obtención de información, siendo las adecuadas para fortalecer la comunicación. Los conocimientos sobre ITS y VIH/sida, deben aumentar, pues no hay correspondencia con prácticas sexuales protegidas. La descripción de las brechas en el proceder actual, ofrece la información para rediseñar el mercadeo social y propiciar prácticas sexuales protegidas mediante el uso del condón.
Factores de riesgo y protectores del tabaquismo en estudiantes de la Facultad Ciencias Médicas USAC, Guatemala
Authors: Cheesman Mazariegos Sindy Sussel , Suárez Lugo Nery
Published: October 2017

Determinar los factores de riesgo y protectores del tabaquismo en los estudiantes fumadores y no fumadores de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad San Carlos de Guatemala (USAC), durante el ciclo académico 2013
Una década de educación y comunicación ambiental para la sustentabilidad de una comunidad indigena
Authors: Rodríguez Luna Ana Rosa , López-Hernández Eduardo S.
Published: October 2017

El trabajo comparte experiencias de un programa de educación y comunicación ambiental, extensión de valores proambientales mediante la sustentabilidad en diferentes comunidades de aprendizaje. Los supuestos concernientes a problemas socio-ambientales con enfoque educativo y de comunicación parten de conocimientos adquiridos con los grupos de Olcuatitán. La comunicación de estos resultados parte de una evaluación científica. Forma a los grupos hacia posibles soluciones de su problemática. Revertir los conocimientos sistematizados de los saberes ambientales y otros tópicos en la comunidad chontal posibilitó diseñar diversos proyectos educativos, culturales y de sustentabilidad. La comunicación en programas radiofónicos implicó facilitar y divulgar las acciones concernientes a conservar el medio en la sociedad. En un medio masivo de comunicación como la radio, difundimos nuestra filosofía, acciones diversas de gestión y protección ambiental, entre otras, y actividades de nuestras asociaciones civiles y académicas. En otros medios comunicamos diversos resultados y reflexiones hacia la ciudadanía para el uso de recursos del planeta con sentido humano. Producción de emisiones en el medio radiofónico como cápsulas, entrevistas con temáticas interesantes, y complementariamente se extendieron en foros científicos, exposiciones itinerantes, congresos, conferencias así como variadas publicaciones científicas y de
Respuesta farmacéutica ante emergencias sanitarias
Authors: Gómez Rivera Abraham
Published: October 2017

Es innegable el esfuerzo que muchos grupos de investigación realizan buscando nuevas fórmulas para enfrentar las enfermedades y epidemias que afectan ya a nivel mundial, pero por otra parte, estos trabajos se han visto rebasados ante el avance vertiginoso de dichas
problemáticas cambiantes y en la mayoría de los casos con peculiaridades genómicas, ambientales y sociales. Aunado a lo anterior, el enfrentamiento con los intereses comerciales de los grandes consorcios farmacéuticos parecen ser retos fuertes a superar para contar con medicamentos apropiados y suministrados a tiempo
para atender la demanda de la sociedad y que hoy en día, no permiten responder de manera inmediata con medicamentos efiaces para atacar y prevenir las nuevas enfermedades que están afectando a nivel mundial.
Social perception of childhood overweight and obesity to generate prevention strategies in Nuevo Leon, Mexico
Authors: Garcia Janet , Picazzo-Palencia Esteban , Cortes-Hernández Dora Elia , Silva-Aguilar Kabáh
Published: October 2017

Objective . To determine the social perception on childhood
overweight and obesity for the purpose of generating communication strategies that would prevent it through changes in behavior.
Materials and methods : A descriptive study using a qualitative
research method that involved focus groups with children, teachers
and parents. The type of analysis was argumentative. The study was conducted from January to May 2013 in the metropolitan area of Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.
Results : There is a most diffrent social perception among focus
groups on the quality of life and happiness of children, with parents
and teachers referring to food in relation to children happiness when it is provided as a reward or to compensate for bad experiences or lack of emotional attachment, while children refer to family harmony as the main cause for making them happy.
Conclusions : The social perception reveals the importance of social
or symbolic interaction processes. Therefore, the objective of the
communication strategy must address the associated factors in
preventing obesity through symbolic elements of these groups, taking into account the senses and meanings related to basic stimuli that trigger behaviors related to obesity
ASPECTOS SOCIOAMBIENTALES PARA LA ADAPTACIÓN Y MITIGACIÓN AL CAMBIO CLIMÁTICO EN COMUNIDADES INDIGENAS DE NACAJUCA
Authors: García Hernández Juana
Published: October 2017

El objetivo de esta investigación fue el realizar un estudio socioambiental para la adaptación y mitigación al cambio climático (CC) en comunidades indígenas de Nacajuca, Tabasco; específicamente de la zona chontal de Guatacalca-Oxiacaque. Analizada con métodos mixtos de investigación, es decir; cualitativos y cuantitativos, como la aplicación de entrevistas y encuestas, investigación acción participante y análisis de los resultados bajo los marcos de vulnerabilidad y riesgo. Los resultados obtenidos confirman que la participación social es fundamental para la identificación de la problemática socioambiental, ubicando las largas temporadas de sequías e inundaciones, pérdida de huertos familiares, deforestación, amenazas a la biodiversidad local, vulnerabilidad y riesgo en la salud pública, como los principales efectos de CC. Este último, se atribuye a la actividad petrolera desarrollada en la zona. Posibilitando la planeación y diseño de intervenciones educativas aplicadas con grupos sociales organizados en las comunidades y con ello aportar elementos para el desarrollo de alternativas y estrategias para la mitigación y adaptación de CC, siendo estas: la diversificación de huertos familiares, la estimación de captura de carbono, elaboración de composta, aplicación de módulos de permacultura y, diagnóstico del estado de salud poblacional.
Reacciones adversas asociadas a la práctica de acupuntura en Cuba
Authors: Garcia Milian Ana Julia , Perdomo Delgado Johann , Alonso Carbonell Liuba , Ruiz Salvador Ana Karelia
Published: October 2017

Objetivo. Caracterizar las reacciones adversas asociadas a la práctica de acupuntura como modalidad terapéutica de la medicina tradicional en Cuba, en el período 2003 -2010. Método. Estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo de los reporte de sospechas de RAM producidas por la práctica de acupuntura realizados a la Unidad Coordinadora Nacional de Farmacovigilancia. La información se obtuvo de la base de datos nacional del Sistema Cubano de Farmacovigilancia. Las sospechas fueron clasificadas según el órgano afectado, la severidad y la imputabilidad. Resultados. Se recibieron 194 reportes de sospechas de reacciones adversas. Las edades entre 31 a 60 años, constituyeron más de la mitad (61.2%) de los reportes analizados. Fueron en las féminas (67.0 %) donde más sospechas ocurrieron con independencia de la edad. La lipotimia (24,7%), los hematomas (17,0%) y el sangramiento (14,4%) fueron los tipos de evento que más se reportaron. El aparato general y la zona de aplicación pertenecen más de la mitad de las RAM (54.6%). Según severidad predominaron las RAM leves con el 69,1%. Las probables fueron las más frecuentes con el 84,0%. Conclusiones. La serie estudiada describe un patrón de seguridad con el uso de la acupuntura caracterizado por la presencia de reacciones adversas leves y probables en las féminas y adultos jóvenes, siendo la lipotimia, los hematomas y el sangramiento el tipo de RAM notificado con mayor frecuencia.
Factores que propician la baja notificación de reacciones adversas a antivirales
Authors: Morales Pérez Mayasil
Published: October 2017

Introducción: el aumento en la morbilidad por enfermedades virales justifica el incremento de los antivirales en el Cuadro Básico de Medicamentos cubano. Sin embargo los reportes de reacciones adversas son escasos, particularmente a los antirretrovirales, lo cual supone una infranotificación que afecta además el conocimiento de sus perfiles de seguridad.Objetivos:identificar los factores que pueden influir en la baja notificación de reacciones adversas a los fármacos antivirales. Método:se efec-tuó una investigación cualitativa mediante el empleo de grupos focales de discusión para evaluar nivel de información sobre perfil de seguridad de los antivirales y las causas de infranotificación, el universo estuvo conformado por un grupo de cincuenta profesionales de la salud.Resultados: se mencionaron como factores que contribuyen a la infranotificación la insuficiente preparación en pre y postgrado, la baja percepción del riesgo durante la utilización de los antivirales y la insuficiente disponibilidad de los modelos.Conclusiones: a pesar de la importancia de los antirretrovirales se encontró escasa preparación en farmacovigilancia y baja percepción del riesgo en los profesionales participantes.