bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Accompagner la mise en œuvre de l’approche par compétences dans les formations en santé : perspectives d’une stratégie de changement pragmatique portée par un individu tercéisateur dans un institut de formation en ostéopathie
Authors: Quesnay Paul , Poumay Marianne , Gagnayre Rémi
Published: May 2022

Contexte :Les réformes selon l’approche par compétences (APC) des formations en santé sont peu documentées dans leur mise en œuvre. Or l’APC nécessite une révision de l’ingénierie pédagogique et des apprentissages spécifiques pour les coordinateurs et enseignants. Se pose alors la question des stratégies mobilisées pour conduire le changement pédagogique.But :Analyser les effets d’une stratégie de changement initiée par un individu-tercéisateur pour la mise en œuvre de l’APC dans un institut de formation initiale en ostéopathie, à travers l’évolution des conceptions des coordinateurs. Proposer un cadre de lecture pour conduire et analyser les changements pédagogiques.Méthodes :Cette étude qualitative s’inscrit dans une épistémologie constructiviste pragmatique et rejoint le cadre de l’éthique des curriculums en santé. Quatre coordinateurs pédagogiques ont participé à l’élaboration de cartes conceptuelles pour suivre l’évolution de leurs conceptions. Trois d’entre eux ont participé à des productions pédagogiques et activités réflexives issues des recommandations sur l’APC : élaboration d’un référentiel, révision d’enseignements et d’outils évaluation.Résultats :Les cartes conceptuelles attestent d’un apprentissage de deux des coordinateurs vers l’APC. Cet apprentissage s’est opéré par une acculturation à partir d’objets-frontières. Les cartes conceptuelles, les activités réflexives proposées à des niveaux individuels, collectifs et institutionnels de même que l’action de l’individu-tercéisateur sont rapportées par les participants comme ayant soutenu l’apprentissage et le changement.Conclusion :L’étude permet de proposer des éléments clés de la stratégie de changement pour son transfert à d’autres contextes de formation. Individus-tercéisateurs, objets-frontières et acculturation constituent une perspective intéressante pour amorcer un changement curriculaire dans des structures de formation en santé qui ne rassembleraient pas toutes les conditions et ressources considérées comme porteuses dans la littérature, ou qui souhaiteraient faire de la formation pédagogique suivie par l’un de leurs enseignants une opportunité de changement.
Cost optimization inventory model for deteriorating items with trapezoidal demand rate under completely backlogged shortages in crisp and fuzzy environment
Authors: Anil Kumar Boina , Paikray Susanta Kumar
Published: May 2022

Recently, various deterministic inventory models were developed for deteriorating items with the uniform demand pattern (either increasing or decreasing) throughout the cycle. However, such types of models are not suitable for many real business problems. In particular, the demand patterns of various items are not steady throughout the cycle. In many inventory models, ordinarily, the demand rises first, then it becomes static and finally decreases, and such types of demands can be portrayed by considering trapezoidal functions. Moreover, the costs associated with the inventory become imprecise due to several socio-economical factors. As a result, the optimal solution obtained by the classical inventory model may not fit the actual scenario. Keeping this in view, we develop here an inventory model for deteriorating items having the trapezoidal type of demand function in both crisp and fuzzy environments by considering three possible cases of shortages which are completely backlogged. Furthermore, in view of the comparative study of both scenarios, different data sets of constraints are examined for optimal results. Also, it is observed that the optimal results of the fuzzy model are more appropriate to real-world inventory problems. Finally, in order to strengthen the present investigation, the managerial insight of fluctuation in parameters is presented analytically via sensitivity analysis.
Raconter pour soi et pour l’Autre un stigmate dans le cadre d’un groupe de parole : vers un dialogismeexpérientiel
Authors: Pugniere-Saavedra Frédéric
Published: May 2022

Cette contribution vise, à partir d’un échange entre deux participants qui se succèdent à un groupe de parole et qui réunit des agresseurs pédophiles et des victimes d’actes pédophiles, à compléter les notions de dialogismeinterlocutif, intralocutif et interdiscursifpar celle de dialogismeexpérientiel. Cette notion que nous proposons semble opératoire pour analyser cette situation particulière de discours (configuration de l’espace interactionnel, histoire [croisée] des participants et raisons qui les amènent à prendre la parole publiquement) et nous invite à poser l’hypothèse d’une dimension antalgique de la parole par une activité de distanciation progressive, par un travail d’introspection expérientielle qui favorise les mécanismes de résilience et de reconstruction.
Phraséoculturologie : une sous-discipline moderne indispensable de la phraséologie
Authors: Chen Lian
Published: May 2022

Depuis que Robert Galisson (1987, 1988, etc.), notamment, a développé le concept de « lexiculture », le rôle fondamental de la culture dans le lexique a été mis en évidence. Néanmoins, la culture liée aux unités phraséologiques (UP), qui « possèdent des propriétés bien particulières » (Polguère, 2016 : 257), « est toujours évoquée mais pas suffisamment analysée » (Mejri, 2018 : 12). Dans la situation actuelle où la phraséologie est devenue une discipline indépendante au sein de la linguistique, il est nécessaire d’évoquer l'importance d’éléments de la phraséoculturologie (méta-phraséoculture et phraséoculture appliquée) et d'en faire une nouvelle branche. En effet la phraséoculturologie est profondément ancrée tant dans la phraséologie théorique (métaphraséologie) qu’appliquée. Ainsi, clarifier le rôle important de la phraséoculture dans les UP permettra d'améliorer théoriquement et pratiquement les méthodes de phraséologie. La métaphraséoculture (l'étude de la phraséoculture) concerne quant à elle surtout l'étymologie des UP, et contribue aussi au développement de l'épistémologie de la phraséologie, en particulier sous l'angle de son interaction avec la phraséographie. La phraséoculture joue enfin également un rôle décisif dans l'acquisition des connaissances, l'enseignement et la traduction des UP. Ces derniers sont liés étroitement à la linguistique contrastive.
La représentation graphique de la prosodie émotionnelle dans la BD franco-belge
Authors: Liu Shi-Jia
Published: May 2022

Cette proposition de communication a pour but d’expliquer comment la prosodie émotionnelle, en passant par le principe phonographique, est représentée par la substance graphique dans un texte multimodal doté de moindre de littéralité comme la BD. Les modèles de mesure des variations matérielles de la prosodie des émotions basiques (colère, tristesse, joie, peur et surprisse) permettent de construire un protocole dans le codage d’une émotion selon les changements de paramètres acoustiques et ainsi de comprendre les variations prosodiques à représenter graphiquement. Après avoir cité les exemples concrets des représentations graphiques des émotions basiques dans les BD francobelges, nous pouvons en conclure que le codage idéographique dans la BD se compose de deux phénomènes :diagramme et icône. Cette notation présentant quelque consensus de configurations graphiques, reste néanmoins imparfaite, non-conventionnelle, mais laisse le libre choix aux auteurs.
Analyse prosodique du discours pédagogique des enseignants de FLE
Authors: Abou Haidar Laura
Published: May 2022

Cette étude a pour objectif d’identifier et d’analyser quelques phénomènes prosodiques remarquables dans le discours pédagogique des enseignants de français langue étrangère (FLE). Elle se base sur l’analyse d’échantillons audio de cours enregistrés dans un centre universitaire de FLE. Les résultats préliminaires qui sont présentés dans cette contribution vont dans le sens d’une organisation prosodique spécifique mise en place par les enseignants dans les macro-séquences monologales, avec un couplage d'indices fréquentiels, temporels, et d'intensité. L’analyse explore trois types de séquences du discours pédagogique : les locations de type "(X) c'est-à-dire (Y)", les proéminences lexicales, et les mots-outilsalors, et, mais, donc, ponctuants sonores du discours. Cette contribution présente des résultats préliminaires qui mettent en lumière des stratégies prosodiques qui semblent caractéristiques du discours pédagogique des enseignants.
Connaissances grammaticales et performances en écriture chez des étudiants entrant à l’université
Authors: Boivin Marie-Claude , Roussel Katrine
Published: May 2022

Afin de mieux soutenir les étudiants entrant à l’université avec des difficultés en écriture, nous avons exploré le lien entre connaissances grammaticales et performances en écriture. 132 étudiants ont réalisé un test de connaissances grammaticales conçu et articulé selon quatre tâches liées aux catégories et aux fonctions grammaticales. Chaque étudiant a également rédigé deux textes dans lesquels nous avons déterminé le nombre moyen d’erreurs par 100 mots (globalement et pour 64 catégories d’erreurs). Le test de grammaire présente un taux de réussite de 47 %. Les étudiants connaissent bien les fonctions grammaticales sujet et complément de phrase, mais pas les fonctions complément du nom ou de l’adjectif. Ils peinent à délimiter certains groupes syntaxiques. Les étudiants ayant 60 % et plus au test de grammaire font en moyenne 2,3 erreurs par 100 mots, alors que ceux ayant moins de 60 % au test font 3,4 erreurs par 100 mots ; cette différence est significative. Les résultats suggèrent également un lien entre certaines connaissances sur le GN et le CD et de meilleures performances dans des contextes d’erreurs fréquentes.
« Bon assez parlé » : les phrases préfabriquées de l’oral dans des productions écrites d’élèves de 11-12 ans
Authors: Sardier Anne
Published: May 2022

Les unités préfabriquées comme les collocations telle peur bleue, les locutions telle avoir de la bouteille, etc., sont nombreuses et souvent mobilisées en langue. La maitrise d’une langue implique ainsi d’avoir mémorisé ces unités et d’être capable de les utiliser aux moments opportuns. L’étude de la préfabrication en langue n’est pas nouvelle et des recherches assez récentes en langue française s’intéressent particulièrement à la préfabrication dans le cadre des interactions orales. Cependant, peu d’études ont exploré les capacités des jeunes locuteurs de langue première à utiliser les unités préfabriquées dans les interactions. Des telles études permettraient de mieux comprendre les phénomènes d’acquisition de ces phrases préfabriquées et, éventuellement, donneraient des pistes de travail en phraséodidactique en langue première, domaine de recherche encore peu exploré en didactique du français. Nous nous demandons ainsi si de jeunes locuteurs de début de collège mobilisent ces phrases préfabriquées et de quelle façon elles témoignent de leur compétence langagière. Nous explorons les usages de cinquante-quatre élèves de 6e (11-12 ans) à travers l’analyse de la production d’un dialogue entre deux collégiens. Nos analyses permettent de proposer un état de lieu de la capacité des locuteurs natifs de 11-12 ans à utiliser les phrases préfabriquées et de dresser un bilan typologique des unités mobilisées à cet âge. Ces éléments relatifs à l’acquisition des phrases préfabriquées des interactions nous permettent alors d’envisager des pistes pour leur enseignement.
Extraction de Phrases Préfabriquées des Interactions à partir d’un corpus arboré du français parlé : une étude exploratoire
Authors: Pausé Marie-Sophie , Tutin Agnès , Kraif Olivier , Coavoux Maximin
Published: May 2022

Dans cette étude exploratoire, nous nous intéressons aux Phrases Préfabriquées des Interactions (p. ex.c’est clair ; je te jure ; on dirait). Après avoir défini ce type de phrase, nous évaluons dans quelle mesure le corpus arboré Orféopeut être exploité pour extraire et caractériser ces éléments. Les résultats de l’analyse qualitative montrent que le repérage des phrases parenthétiques apparaît plus complexe que pour les clausatifs (propositions indépendantes). Nous montrons aussi comment l’outil Lexicoscope permet, en exploitant la combinatoire lexico-syntaxique et la distribution des éléments entre et à l’intérieur des tours de parole, de mieux cerner les caractéristiques de ces phrases préfabriquées.
Analyse phraséoculturelle contrastive : représentation et motivation du coeur en français et en chinois
Authors: Chen Lian
Published: May 2022

À l’instar de nombreuses langues, le français et le chinois sont riches d’expressions idiomatiques (EI), ou chéngyǔ. À travers ces expressions, se perçoit l’influence des antécédents historiques, des différentes perceptions de l’univers, des modes de vie et de pensée, des coutumes…Par exemple, si tous les hommes sont pareillement constitués, avec les mêmes membres et organes, l’emploi de ce champ lexical lié au corps humain aboutit cependant à des constructions métaphoriques parfois très différentes dans le lexique d’une langue à l’autre. À ce titre, en français comme en chinois, le coeur est omniprésent dans le lexique, et spécialement dans les EI. Cependant sa représentation diffère dans les deux cultures：le dualisme « esprit-coeur » ou la dichotomie « raison-émotion » (Yu 2007b : 27), concepts opposés dans les cultures occidentales, n’existe pas dans la tradition chinoise. Yu (2007a, 2007b, 2009) s’est penché sur la thématique du coeur en chinois et en anglais, mais il n’existe actuellement aucune recherche contrastive avec le français, notamment sur la phraséoculture. Nous espérons que notre article contribuera à sensibiliser le lecteur à cette approche nécessaire qu’est la phraséoculture. Notre corpus est établi à partir de dictionnaires spécialisés monolingues et bilingues, et se fonde sur des bases de données permettant une approche synchronique du sujet.
De l’usage existentiel des verbes de perception
Authors: Meulleman Machteld , Sarda Laure
Published: May 2022

Cet article traite de l’usage existentiel du verbe de perception voir. Nous montrons sous quelles conditions ce verbe peut être utilisé dans des énoncés thétiques pour exprimer l’existence (comme dans on voit des trèfles à quatre feuilles). La lecture existentielle de voir est conditionnée par la présence d’un ensemble de propriétés définitoires des constructions existentielles (sujet non référentiel, indéfinitude de l’objet, ancrage locatif). Nous mettons en évidence que pour satisfaire ces propriétés, les caractéristiques transitives de voir doivent être fortement affaiblies, tout particulièrement au niveau du sujet. Nous examinons dans quels contextes des commutations entre il y a et on voit sont possibles, et quel est l’apport spécifique, irréductible lié à l’usage de voir. Cette spécificité tient au fait que voir implique un actant sujet (le voyeur) qui, même réduit à un indéfini générique ou effacé dans une forme passive, persiste à divers degrés. Nous proposons d’expliquer certaines différences subtiles entre il y a et voir par cette inscription, même minimale, d’un observateur en lien avec l’assertion de l’existence ou de la présence d’une entité.
Intensification intrinsèque et extrinsèque à travers deux modèles de mise en valeur
Authors: Adler Silvia
Published: May 2022

Selon bon nombre de chercheurs, l’intensification repose à la fois sur la graduation et la quantification, du fait de l’existence d’au moins deux degrés de la même propriété, et d’une quantité relative à une entité nombrable. L’intensification repose donc sur la possibilité de comparaison entre deux ou plusieurs degrés ou valeurs de la propriété intensifiée et résulte ainsi dans un jugement subjectif relatif à la propriété ou à la quantité évaluée. Pour d’autres chercheurs, l’intensité est un phénomène qui dépasse largement les expressions dont le degré est une propriété lexicale inhérente. Selon eux, l’intensité peut opérer entre autres aussi à un niveau argumentatif ou inférentiel. Cette contribution s’intéresse au potentiel intensificatoire de deux constructions : «des plusAdjectif » et «un desAdjectif (nom) ». La première, où l’adverbe de degréplusopère une modulation sur le degré de la prédication adjectivale, annonce en principe une graduation inhérente, liée aux propriétés de l’adjectif ; la seconde, dépourvue d’un adverbe de degré qui opèrerait sur l’adjectif, pourrait en principe s’ouvrir à une intensification contextuelle, extrinsèque. Ces deux constructions seront étudiées dans un corpus de presse écrite, construit moyennant le logiciel ScienQuest.
Update on Percutaneous Local Ablative Procedures for the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Luerken Lukas , Haimerl Michael , Doppler Michael , Uller Wibke , Beyer Lukas Philipp , Stroszczynski Christian , Einspieler Ingo
Published: May 2022

Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common tumor worldwide. Because many hepatocellular carcinomas are already unresectable at the time of initial diagnosis, percutaneous tumor ablation has become established in recent decades as a curative therapeutic approach for very early (BCLC 0) and early (BCLC A) HCC. The aim of this paper is to provide a concise overview of the percutaneous local ablative procedures currently in use, based on their technical characteristics as well as clinical relevance, taking into account the current body of studies.

Materials and Methods The literature search included all original papers, reviews, and meta-analyses available via MEDLINE and Pubmed on the respective percutaneous ablation procedures; the primary focus was on randomized controlled trials and publications from the last 10 years.

Results and Conclusions Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and microwave ablation (MWA) are well-established procedures that are considered equal to surgical resection in the treatment of stage BCLC 0 and A HCC with a diameter up to 3 cm due to their strong evidence in international and national guidelines. For tumors with a diameter between 3 and 5 cm, the current S3 guidelines recommend a combination of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and thermal ablation using RFA or MWA as combination therapy is superior to thermal ablation alone in tumors of this size and shows comparable results to surgical resection in terms of overall survival. Alternative, less frequently employed thermal procedures include cryotherapy (CT) and laser ablation (LA). Non-thermal procedures include irreversible electroporation (IRE), interstitial brachytherapy (IBT), and most recently, electrochemotherapy (ECT). Due to insufficient evidence, these have only been used in individual cases and within the framework of studies. However, the nonthermal methods are a reasonable alternative for ablation of tumors adjacent to large blood vessels and bile ducts because they cause significantly less damage to these structures than thermal ablation methods. With advances in the technology of the respective procedures, increasingly good evidence, and advancements in supportive techniques such as navigation devices and fusion imaging, percutaneous ablation procedures may expand their indications for the treatment of larger and more advanced tumors in the coming years.

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Citation Format
Management of Posttraumatic Enophthalmos Including Complex Secondary Deficits
Authors: Gengler Isabelle , Hsieh Tsung-yen
Published: May 2022

Posttraumatic enophthalmos (PE) arises when the ocular globe is displaced posteriorly and inferiorly in the orbital cavity due to a mismatch in orbital volume and orbital content. This most commonly happens after orbital fractures. The resulting disruptions to aesthetic form and ocular functions often necessitate surgical correction for reconstruction and restoration. The purpose of surgical management of PE is to reconstruct orbital shape and volume as well as to restore any herniated orbital content. This can be particularly challenging in cases involving large defects that require complex orbital reconstruction. Recent advancements in computer-aided surgery have introduced innovative and important tools to assist surgeons with these difficult cases. The ability to create customized, patient-specific implants can facilitate reconstruction involving complicated anatomy. Additionally, intraoperative imaging and intraoperative navigation can serve as useful guides for surgeons to more accurately place implants, especially in cases with limited visualization, in order to achieve optimal outcomes.
Efficacy of a computer-aided detection system in a fecal immunochemical test-based organized colorectal cancer screening program: a randomized controlled trial (AIFIT study)
Authors: Rondonotti Emanuele , Di Paolo Dhanai , Rizzotto Erik Rosa , Alvisi Costanza , Buscarini Elisabetta , Spadaccini Marco , Tamanini Giacomo , Paggi Silvia , Amato Arnaldo , Scardino Giulia , Romeo Samanta , Alicante Saverio , Ancona Fabio , Guido Ennio , Marzo Vincenza , Chicco Fabio , Agazzi Simona , Rosa Cesare , Correale Loredana , Repici Alessandro , Hassan Cesare , Radaelli Franco ,   on behalf of the AIFIT Study Group
Published: May 2022

Background Computer-aided detection (CADe) increases adenoma detection in primary screening colonoscopy. The potential benefit of CADe in a fecal immunochemical test (FIT)-based colorectal cancer (CRC) screening program is unknown. This study assessed whether use of CADe increases the adenoma detection rate (ADR) in a FIT-based CRC screening program.

Methods In a multicenter, randomized trial, FIT-positive individuals aged 50–74 years undergoing colonoscopy, were randomized (1:1) to receive high definition white-light (HDWL) colonoscopy, with or without a real-time deep-learning CADe by endoscopists with baseline ADR > 25 %. The primary outcome was ADR. Secondary outcomes were mean number of adenomas per colonoscopy (APC) and advanced adenoma detection rate (advanced-ADR). Subgroup analysis according to baseline endoscopists’ ADR (≤ 40 %, 41 %–45 %, ≥ 46 %) was also performed.

Results 800 individuals (median age 61.0 years [interquartile range 55–67]; 409 men) were included: 405 underwent CADe-assisted colonoscopy and 395 underwent HDWL colonoscopy alone. ADR and APC were significantly higher in the CADe group than in the HDWL arm: ADR 53.6 % (95 %CI 48.6 %–58.5 %) vs. 45.3 % (95 %CI 40.3 %–50.45 %; RR 1.18; 95 %CI 1.03–1.36); APC 1.13 (SD 1.54) vs. 0.90 (SD 1.32; P  = 0.03). No significant difference in advanced-ADR was found (18.5 % [95 %CI 14.8 %–22.6 %] vs. 15.9 % [95 %CI 12.5 %–19.9 %], respectively). An increase in ADR was observed in all endoscopist groups regardless of baseline ADR.

Conclusions Incorporating CADe significantly increased ADR and APC in the framework of a FIT-based CRC screening program. The impact of CADe appeared to be consistent regardless of endoscopist baseline ADR.
25 × 5 Symposium to Reduce Documentation Burden: Report-out and Call for Action
Authors: Hobensack Mollie , Levy Deborah R. , Cato Kenrick , Detmer Don E. , Johnson Kevin B. , Williamson Jeffrey , Murphy Judy , Moy Amanda , Withall Jennifer , Lee Rachel , Rossetti Sarah Collins , Rosenbloom Samuel Trent
Published: May 2022

Background The widespread adoption of electronic health records and a simultaneous increase in regulatory demands have led to an acceleration of documentation requirements among clinicians. The corresponding burden from documentation requirements is a central contributor to clinician burnout and can lead to an increased risk of suboptimal patient care.

Objective To address the problem of documentation burden, the 25 by 5: Symposium to Reduce Documentation Burden on United States Clinicians by 75% by 2025 (Symposium) was organized to provide a forum for experts to discuss the current state of documentation burden and to identify specific actions aimed at dramatically reducing documentation burden for clinicians.

Methods The Symposium consisted of six weekly sessions with 33 presentations. The first four sessions included panel presentations discussing the challenges related to documentation burden. The final two sessions consisted of breakout groups aimed at engaging attendees in establishing interventions for reducing clinical documentation burden. Steering Committee members analyzed notes from each breakout group to develop a list of action items.

Results The Steering Committee synthesized and prioritized 82 action items into Calls to Action among three stakeholder groups: Providers and Health Systems, Vendors, and Policy and Advocacy Groups. Action items were then categorized into as short-, medium-, or long-term goals. Themes that emerged from the breakout groups' notes include the following: accountability, evidence is critical, education and training, innovation of technology, and other miscellaneous goals (e.g., vendors will improve shared knowledge databases).

Conclusion The Symposium successfully generated a list of interventions for short-, medium-, and long-term timeframes as a launching point to address documentation burden in explicit action-oriented ways. Addressing interventions to reduce undue documentation burden placed on clinicians will necessitate collaboration among all stakeholders.
Measurements of Interleukin-8 and Matrix Metalloproteinases-9 in Cervicovaginal Fluid in Women with Preterm Labor: A Direct Comparison with Amniotic Fluid
Authors: Hong Subeen , Park Kyo Hoon , Kim Yu Mi , Joo Eunwook , Kim Hyeon Ji , Ahn Kwanghee
Published: May 2022

Objective  We aimed to evaluate the correlation and agreement of interleukin (IL)-8 and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-9) levels between cervicovaginal (CVF) and amniotic fluids (AF) in women with preterm labor (PTL) and to determine the clinical values of these proteins in CVF compared with those in AF.

Study Design We designed a retrospective cohort study of 85 singleton pregnant women with PTL at 23 to 34 weeks, who underwent amniocentesis. The AF was cultured, and CVF samples were collected at the time of amniocentesis. Paired AF and CVF samples were assayed for IL-8 and MMP-9 by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) in duplicate on a single plate, using similar dilution ratios.

Results A significant but weak correlation was found for IL-8 levels between AF and CVF (r = 0.333), while no correlation was found for MMP-9 levels between AF and CVF (r = −0.039). Intra-class correlation coefficient for the agreement of IL-8 levels between CVF and AF was 0.4335 and −0.279 for MMP-9, indicating a poor-to-fair level of agreement between the two measured values, respectively. IL-8 and MMP-9 levels in CVF were not associated with the risk of either microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (MIAC) or spontaneous preterm delivery (SPTD) within 7 days, whereas those in AF provided good-to-excellent predictive values for these two outcomes (area under the curve [AUCs]: 0.82–0.95). AUCs for IL-8 and MMP-9 were significantly larger using AF rather than using CVF for the prediction of MIAC and SPTD.

Conclusion In women with PTL, IL-8 and MMP-9 levels in CVF do not precisely reflect the levels of the corresponding proteins in AF. IL-8 and MMP-9 levels in CVF had poor predictive values for the risk of MIAC and SPTD and were significantly inferior to those in AF.

Key Points
Slow oscillating dynamics of a two-level system subject to a fast telegraph noise: Beyond the NIBA approximation
Authors: Mkhitaryan V. V. , Raikh M. E.
Published: May 2022

We study the dynamics of a two-site model in which the tunneling amplitude between the sites is not constant, but rather a high-frequency noise. Obviously, the population imbalance in this model decays exponentially with time. Remarkably, the decay is modified dramatically when the level asymmetry fluctuates in-phase with fluctuations of the tunneling amplitude. For a particular type of these in-phase fluctuations, namely, the telegraph noise, we find the exact solution for the average population dynamics. It appears that the population imbalance between the sites starting from 1 at time t = 0 approaches a constant value in the limit t→∞. At finite bias, the imbalance goes to zero at t→∞, while the dynamics of the decay governed by noise acquires an oscillatory character.
On the theory of nonhomogeneous nonequilibrium superconductivity in 2D systems with massless fermions
Authors: Loktev V. M. , Turkowski V.
Published: May 2022

We analyze static and nonequilibrium superconducting properties of a 2D relativistic-like model system with local electron-electron interaction, Rashba spin-orbit interaction αR in presence of time-dependent in-plane magnetic field H(t). It is shown that similar to the 2D case with ordinary massive quasiparticle dispersion ε(k)∼|k|2 at large fields, such a system demonstrates a nonhomogeneous superconducting stripe phase with the order parameter Δ(r)=Δ(0)cos(2[μBB×r]n/ℏυF) (B is the magnetic induction, υF is the Fermi velocity, n is the normal to the plane, μB is the Bohr magneton, and αR≪υF) where the stripes are oriented along the B direction. In the considered system, the inter-stripe period L and the magnitude of the magnetic field B are related by a universal relation BL=ℏυF/μB≃0.714⋅10−4Tm. Contrary to the case of massive quasiparticles, where the condition αR∼υF can be, in principle, satisfied by increasing αR or by charge doping (Fermi velocity decreasing), in a relativistic-like system, where υF is doping-independent and one-two orders of magnitude larger than typical Fermi velocity in the “standard” 2D systems, the stripe phase can be the ground state at a rather low doping level. We also analyzed the nonequilibrium properties of the system with a focus on the melting of the stripe order (when the magnetic field is quenched to a lower value) and stripe dynamics (when the field is rotated by 90° degrees) and found several notable results. In particular, it was shown that the stripe domains melt according to law R∼1t at initial times, while at longer times they shrink exponentially. In the case of the flipped magnetic field, the stripe orientation gradually turns from x- to y-direction, and the intermediate “crossed-stripe” phase takes place during times of order of picoseconds. Such a crossed phase is built of periodic superconducting bubbles that potentially may have applications in modern ultrafast superconducting technologies.
Perspectives in cosmology
Authors: Vilenkin Alexander
Published: May 2022

The “new standard cosmology,” based on the theory of inflation, has very impressive observational support. I review some outstanding problems of the new cosmology and the global view of the universe—the multiverse—that it suggests.
Swirling self-gravitating vortex as the imagination of the Hoag’s ring galaxy
Authors: Kontorovich V. M. , Poslavskyi S. A.
Published: May 2022

It is shown that based on the concept of a toroidal self-gravitating ring vortex with a swirl (with an orbital motion along the torus generatrix), it is possible to explain all the main morphological features of the famous Hoag ring galaxy, including the still unexplained rotation of the central elliptical galaxy. The astronomical observations can be used, thus, to study complex vortex motions [The article based on the authors’ reports Bannikova et al., XIII International Conference to 100 years of Illia Mikhailovich Lifshitz, Kharkiv, KhNU (2017) and Kontorovich et al., XIV International Science Conference “Physical phenomena in solids”, Kharkiv, KhNU (2019) at the Conferences on condensed matter physics at Kharkiv National University, the first of which was dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the birth of Ilya Mikhailovich Lifshitz, a teacher and friend of Mark Azbel.].
Edge reconstruction and emergent neutral modes in integer and fractional quantum Hall phases
Authors: Khanna Udit , Goldstein Moshe , Gefen Yuval
Published: May 2022

This paper comprises a review of our recent works on fractional chiral modes that emerge due to edge reconstruction in integer and fractional quantum Hall (QH) phases. The new part added is an analysis of edge reconstruction of the ν = 2/5 phase. QH states are topological phases of matter featuring chiral gapless modes at the edge. These edge modes may propagate downstream or upstream and may support either charge or charge-neutral excitations. From topological considerations, particle-like QH states are expected to support only downstream charge modes. However the interplay between the electronic repulsion and the boundary confining potential may drive certain quantum phase transitions (called reconstructions) at the edge, which are associated to the nucleation of additional pairs of counter-propagating modes. Employing variational methods, here we study edge reconstruction in the prototypical particle-like phases at ν = 1, 1/3, and 2/5 as a function of the slope of the confining potential. Our analysis shows that subsequent renormalization of the edge modes, driven by disorder-induced tunnelling and intermode interactions, may lead to the emergence of upstream neutral modes. These predictions may be tested in suitably designed transport experiments. Our results are also consistent with previous observations of upstream neutral modes in these QH phases and could explain the absence of anyonic interference in electronic Mach-Zehnder setups.
Advancing high-throughput heat conduction property characterization
Authors: Ikenson Ben
Published: May 2022

Structured Illumination with Thermal Imaging opens experimental thermal science measurement platforms for “materials by design”
Frequency splitting suppression in wireless power transfer using hemispherical spiral coils
Authors: Niu Wangqiang , Jiang Jiateng , Ye Chen , Gu Wei
Published: May 2022

In wireless power transfer (WPT) systems, frequency splitting phenomena always occur when the transfer distance is too small to obtain the maximum output efficiency in the working frequency. In this paper, a hemispherical spiral coil structure is proposed to suppress frequency splitting phenomena by containing the coupling the system without changing the original system size and transfer distance. Meanwhile, compared with the planar system, the hemispherical system can maintain high power and transfer efficiency and has better angular misalignment tolerance. A WPT system consisting of a hemispherical spiral coil and a planar spiral coil resonating at 110 kHz called the single hemispherical spiral coil WPT (SHWPT) system and another with two hemispherical spiral coils called the double hemispheric spiral coils WPT (DHWPT) system are suggested. Analytic models of these two structures are established to analyze the influence of the coil height on the frequency splitting. The critical coil height is closely related to the critical coupling that provides a reference for the design of the coil. Finally, the experimental results show that the hemispherical coil structure can suppress the frequency splitting to ensure the transmission stability of the WPT system. In the SHWPT system with a 1 cm inner diameter and a 13 cm outer diameter, the critical height of the coil is 5.2 cm, which can suppress frequency splitting when the transmission distance is 0 cm. In the DHWPT system, the critical height of the coil is 4.3 cm.
Morphological and functional characterizations of SnO2 electron extraction layer on transparent conductive oxides in lead-halide perovskite solar cells
Authors: Murota Ayane , Oka Kengo , Hayashi Ryotaro , Fujiwara Kentaro , Nishida Takushi , Kobayashi Kei , Numata Youhei , Yamashita Kenichi
Published: May 2022

Optimization of carrier extraction and/or transport layers is an important factor for the development of perovskite semiconductor devices. In particular, tin dioxide, SnO2, is being frequently used as an electron transport layer (ETL) in perovskite solar cells. However, a systematic study on preparation and characterization of the SnO2-ETL is still lacking, and thus, morphological and electronic-functional roles are not fully understood. In this paper, we systematically investigate the SnO2-ETL prepared on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates by a spin-coating technique. Using microscopic observations, we morphologically study how the SnO2 film covers the FTO surface with large unevenness. Optical characterizations are employed for investigating an electronic band alignment of the perovskite/SnO2 interface varied with the SnO2 concentration in a solution. Furthermore, we systematically evaluate photovoltaic properties of FTO-based solar cell devices. A major finding from these investigations is the fact that while the SnO2-ETL prepared at the adequate condition exhibits an ideal band alignment, the excessive SnO2 deposition causes a poor electron extraction and device performance degradation. Furthermore, we show that the spin-coated SnO2-ETL can cover the FTO surface as an ultrathin wrapping layer. These results highlight the importance of the SnO2-ETL and pave the way for optoelectronic device applications of perovskite materials.
Nanoparticle cluster formation mechanisms elucidated via Markov state modeling: Attraction range effects, aggregation pathways, and counterintuitive transition rates
Authors: Yang Xi , Lu Zhong-Yuan
Published: May 2022

Nanoparticle clusters are promising candidates for developing functional materials. However, it is still a challenging task to fabricate them in a predictable and controllable way, which requires investigation of the possible mechanisms underlying cluster formation at the nanoscale. By constructing Markov state models (MSMs) at the microstate level, we find that for highly dispersed particles to form a highly aggregated cluster, there are multiple coexisting pathways, which correspond to direct aggregation, or pathways that need to pass through partially aggregated, intermediate states. Varying the range of attraction between nanoparticles is found to significantly affect pathways. As the attraction range becomes narrower, compared to direct aggregation, some pathways that need to pass through partially aggregated intermediate states become more competitive. In addition, from MSMs constructed at the macrostate level, the aggregation rate is found to be counterintuitively lower with a lower free-energy barrier, which is also discussed.
Transmission electron microscopy at the quantum limit
Authors: Koppell Stewart A. , Israel Yonatan , Bowman Adam J. , Klopfer Brannon B. , Kasevich M. A.
Published: May 2022

A number of visions for a new generation of dose-efficient electron microscopes have been advanced. These proposals, while inspired by quantum principles, make little contact with the broader field of quantum metrology. We discuss a framework for calculating the amount of information carried by each electron. This makes it possible to evaluate the potential effectiveness of any particular microscope architecture relative to the quantum limit for information per dose. In the case of phase imaging, we argue this limit is at least an order of magnitude beyond what is possible with aberration-free Zernike phase contrast.
A perspective on multi-channel technology for the next-generation of GaN power devices
Authors: Nela Luca , Xiao Ming , Zhang Yuhao , Matioli Elison
Published: May 2022

The outstanding properties of Gallium Nitride (GaN) have enabled considerable improvements in the performance of power devices compared to traditional silicon technology, resulting in more efficient and highly compact power converters. GaN power technology has rapidly developed and is expected to gain a significant market share in an increasing number of applications in the coming years. However, despite the great progress, the performance of current GaN devices is still far from what the GaN material could potentially offer, and a significant reduction of the device on-resistance for a certain blocking voltage is needed. Conventional GaN high-electron-mobility-transistors are based on a single two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) channel, whose trade-off between electron mobility and carrier density limits the minimum achievable sheet resistance. To overcome such limitations, GaN power devices including multiple, vertically stacked 2DEG channels have recently been proposed, showing much-reduced resistances and excellent voltage blocking capabilities for a wide range of voltage classes from 1 to 10 kV. Such devices resulted in unprecedented high-power figures of merit and exceeded the SiC material limit, unveiling the full potential of lateral GaN power devices. This Letter reviews the recent progress of GaN multi-channel power devices and explores the promising perspective of the multi-channel platform for future power devices.
Adiabatic electronic flux in molecules and in condensed matter
Authors: Resta Raffaele
Published: May 2022

The theory of adiabatic electron transport in a correlated condensed-matter system is rooted in a seminal paper by Niu and Thouless [J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 17, 2453 (1984)]; I adopt here an analogous logic in order to retrieve the known expression for the adiabatic electronic flux in a molecular system [L. A. Nafie, J. Chem. Phys. 79, 4950 (1983)]. Its derivation here is considerably simpler than those available in the current quantum-chemistry literature; it also explicitly identifies the adiabaticity parameter, in terms of which the adiabatic flux and the electron density are both exact to first order. It is shown that the continuity equation is conserved to the same order. For the sake of completeness, I also briefly outline the relevance of the macroscopic electronic flux to the physics of solids and liquids.
An AI-based non-intrusive reduced-order model for extended domains applied to multiphase flow in pipes
Authors: Heaney Claire E. , Wolffs Zef , Tómasson Jón Atli , Kahouadji Lyes , Salinas Pablo , Nicolle André , Navon Ionel M. , Matar Omar K. , Srinil Narakorn , Pain Christopher C.
Published: May 2022

The modeling of multiphase flow in a pipe presents a significant challenge for high-resolution computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models due to the high aspect ratio (length over diameter) of the domain. In subsea applications, the pipe length can be several hundreds of meters vs a pipe diameter of just a few inches. Approximating CFD models in a low-dimensional space, reduced-order models have been shown to produce accurate results with a speed-up of orders of magnitude. In this paper, we present a new AI-based non-intrusive reduced-order model within a domain decomposition framework (AI-DDNIROM), which is capable of making predictions for domains significantly larger than the domain used in training. This is achieved by (i) using a domain decomposition approach; (ii) using dimensionality reduction to obtain a low-dimensional space in which to approximate the CFD model; (iii) training a neural network to make predictions for a single subdomain; and (iv) using an iteration-by-subdomain technique to converge the solution over the whole domain. To find the low-dimensional space, we compare Proper Orthogonal Decomposition with several types of autoencoder networks, known for their ability to compress information accurately and compactly. The comparison is assessed with two advection-dominated problems: flow past a cylinder and slug flow in a pipe. To make predictions in time, we exploit an adversarial network, which aims to learn the distribution of the training data, in addition to learning the mapping between particular inputs and outputs. This type of network has shown the potential to produce visually realistic outputs. The whole framework is applied to multiphase slug flow in a horizontal pipe for which an AI-DDNIROM is trained on high-fidelity CFD simulations of a pipe of length 10 m with an aspect ratio of 13:1 and tested by simulating the flow for a pipe of length 98 m with an aspect ratio of almost 130:1. Inspection of the predicted liquid volume fractions shows a good match with the high fidelity model as shown in the results. Statistics of the flows obtained from the CFD simulations are compared to those of the AI-DDNIROM predictions to demonstrate the accuracy of our approach.
Fabrication of Li1.4Al0.4Ti1.6(PO4)3 quasi-solid electrolyte with high conductivity and compatibility through AAO template
Authors: Gao Mengmeng , Wu Xiaolei , Wang Jianhang , Yu Caiyan , Yan Dong , Yang Hui Ying , Zhao Huiling , Bai Ying
Published: May 2022

Employing inorganic ion conductors as solid electrolytes (SEs) is one promising solution to develop advanced all- and quasi-solid-state batteries with high energy and safety advantages. Among numerous Li+ ion conductors, Li1.4Al0.4Ti1.6(PO4)3 (LATP) has attracted extensive attention due to its preponderances of air stability and superior Li+ conductivity. However, the practical application of the LATP electrolyte is still obsessed by serious side reactions at the Li-electrode/electrolyte interface. In this work, one kind of quasi-solid electrolyte (QSE) is designed combining anodic aluminum oxide (AAO), LATP, and liquid electrolyte [LE, LiPF6/ethylene carbonate-dimethyl carbonate (EC-DMC)], wherein well-ordered LATP arrays are constructed in the AAO framework to facilitate ionic transport, and a certain content of the LE is introduced to reduce the interfacial resistances. The characterization results suggest that the ionic conductivity of as-prepared AAO–LATP–QSE (ALQSE) is boosted up to ∼6.50 × 10−3 S cm−1 with a Li+ transference number of 0.66, especially the interval between the LATP compound and the Li-metal electrode can effectively restrain Ti4+→Ti3+ reduction at the Li-anode/electrolyte interface. Thus, the assembled LiFePO4|ALQSE|Li cell exhibits excellent electrochemical stability, delivering an initial discharge capacity of 153.3 mAh g−1 at 0.1C and remaining 152.4 mAh g−1 after 60 cycles with a fairly mild reduction of 0.028% per cycle. This study not only presents a facile strategy to prepare a robust QSE framework employing an AAO template but also promotes the rational interface design between titanium (Ti)-containing solid-state electrolytes and Li-metal anodes.
Liquid transport with direction guidance and speed enhancement from gradient and magnetized micro-cilia surface
Authors: Liu Guang , Zhang Liwen , Gan Yang , Wang Yan , Chen Dengke , Dai Yuguo , Feng Lin , Zhang Pengfei , Chen Huawei
Published: May 2022

Liquid transport regulation has attracted wide attention recently due to its potential applications in micro-fluidic devices, heat management, and mechanical engineering. Various liquid regulation strategies for direction guiding and speed enhancing have been developed with inspirations from nature, such as desert beetles and Nepenthes alata peristome with either gradient wettability or anisotropic structures, whereas their combined strategies for enhanced liquid regulations have barely been discussed due to the unclear coupling mechanisms. Herein, inspired by liquid transporting structure on Ligia exotica's leg, a smart flexible surface with gradient distributed and magnetized micro-cilia array is proposed to realize liquid spreading regulations in speed and direction. Different gradients and magnetic fields have been compared for liquid regulating performances, where the anisotropy ratio of liquid spreading could be enhanced from 0 on uniform surface to ∼0.3 on gradients surface, to even ∼0.6 by coupling magnetic field. The underlying liquid regulating mechanism has been established based on the mutual effects of liquid pinning and capillarity at different cilium inclined angles, cilium gap distance, and surface wettability. Finally, several liquid regulation applications are explored and offer potentials for fields of medicine and heat management.