International Lower Limb Collaborative (INTELLECT) study: a multicentre, international retrospective audit of lower extremity open fractures
Authors: Berner Juan Enrique , Chan James K K , Gardiner Matthew D , Navia Alfonso , Tejos Rodrigo , Ortiz-Llorens Manuel , Ortega-Briones Alina , Rakhorst Hinne A , Nanchahal Jagdeep , Jain Abhilash ,   INTELLECT Collaborative, Nolan G , Samarendra H , Mohan A , Cooper K , Pereira N , Mangelsdorff G , Venegas J , Layseca A , Skillman J , Kennedy A , Qureshi A , Wallis K , Harry L , Hagiga A , Ibrahim S , Albendary M , Shah K A , Chuo C B , Katsura C , Rodríguez Astudillo J R , López Ortega A , Henríquez Rissios J P , Nova Nova M , Hughes J , Wearn C , Peberdy D , Ho B , Gohil K , Abood A , Rabey N , Nizamoglu M , Biosse-Duplan G , To K , Sabapathy S R , Mohan M , Venkatramani H , Rajasekaran S , Hsu H , Ambriz Plascencia A R , Escalona Ramírez L E , Zepeda Torres C A , Santamaria E , Vallejo Toro S , West C , Bhat W , McArdle C , Louette S , Hassan S , van Egmond P W , Bekkers W J J , Capitani D , Troisi L , Talamonti T , Capitani P , Cerbone V , Materazzi G , Ballini L , Tomas-Hernandez J , Porcel-Vazquez J A , Garcia-Sanchez Y , Andrés-Peiró J V , Teixidor-Serra J , Selga-Marsà J , Dafydd H , Ali S , Slade R , Tarassoli S , Olías López B , Boluda Mengod J , González Martín D , Bashir A , Dearden A , Itte V , Smith F , Lee W C , Paulus V A A , Romijn P , Tromp T N , de Jong T , Koide S , Lim K , Raiola F , Ferris S , Rodríguez A , Jonsson E L , Holm S , Wolff O , Abugarja A , Elbahari H , Hamid H K S , Awadelkarim M , Erdocia Pascual J , Bahillo O'Mahoney L , Quiroga Bilbao M A , Felipe Peña M , Eardley W , Egglestone A , Taher S , Wei N , Martínez Ros J , Valero Cifuentes G , Ondoño Navarro A , Escudero Martínez A , Ortega Columbrans A , Zamora P , Masiá J , Ibarra A , Fernández M , Giblin V , Kilshaw A , Wood B , Wyman M , Tinhofer I E , Seidl E , Tzou C J , Quadlbauer S , Reichetseder J , Bürger H , Hausner T , van Miltenburg S , Beijk I , Verra W , de Groot R , Kunc V , Kopp L , Crick A , Mitchell C , Curran T , Kuo R , Eltoum Elamin S , Caba Doussoux P , Alonso Tejero D , Gómez Alcaraz J , Pardo García J M , Kooi K , Poelstra R , Hong J P , Jang M , Hong D W , Kwon J G , Francés Monasterio M , Fernández-Palacios Martínez J , Suarez Cabañas A , Marrero Martínez-Carlón M , ten Cate W , Jacobs J E D , Rawlins J , Haley J , Palma J , Cuadra A , Demandes H , Canahuate S , Moreno D , Norton S , Thompson J , Lafford G , Noriego Muñoz D , Teixido de la Cruz A , Vázquez Gómez M , Mingoli A , Ribuffo D , Marruzzo G , Lapolla P , Ayad W , Elbatawy A , Ouf M , Castillón P , García C , Surroca M , Garcia-Coiradas J , Marco F , Cherubino M , Garutti L , Molina Olivella G , Endemaño Lucio A , Oflazoglu K , Lutgendorff F , Botman M , Giannakopoulos G , Dams R , van der Zwaal P , Moral-Nestares R , Requena F , Fernández-Poch N , Cámara-Cabrera J , Macán F , Standen M , Flaherty F , Vizcay M , Yerson D , Sperone E , Bidolegui F , Pereyra S , Chouhy E , Jaureguialzo M , Arnez Z , Cazzato V , Giraldez M A , Moreno Domínguez R , Martínez Sañudo B , Lancerotto L , Sandhu S , Robinson A , Digney C 
Published: March 2022

Sixty-two centres in 16 countries contributed with 2,694 open fractures cases to an international, multi-centric, retrospective cohort study involving different healthcare settings. The INTELLECT study results show that there are significant disparities on the management of open lower limb fractures internationally. A timely, multidisciplinary, guideline-directed care is a protective factor for developing infective complications, non-union and requiring an amputation.