bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Accuracy of SRTM3 and ASTER GDEM in the Tibetan Plateau Mountain Ranges
Authors: Yao Jin , Chao-lu Yi , Ping Fu
Published: November 2020

Topographic data on The Tibetan Plateau (TP) terrain are fundamental for geoscientific research, but are difficult to obtain. The Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer Global Digital Elevation Model (ASTER GDEM) are two commonly used GDEM data. Verifying the accuracy of the two dataset for the TP mountain areas provides a reference point for the application of both DEMs. For evaluating the elevation accuracy and topographic information, we used 8242 field measurements from Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) points and DEM data generated from 1:100,000 topographic maps to examine the accuracy of ASTER GDEM V2 and SRTM3 V4.1 elevation results. The average RMSE for elevation differences between DGPS and ASTER GDEM across the study areas was 18.56m while the average RMSE between DGPS and SRTM3 was 10.39m. The average RMSEs of ASTER GDEM and SRTM3 in glaciated areas were 8.55m and 5.87m, respectively. The vertical accuracy of SRTM3 is better than that of ASTER GDEM. The vertical accuracy of both DEMs do not vary with altitude, but is related to aspect and slope.
Prediction and evaluation of concealed ore body in 3D environment
Authors: Pengfei ZHU , Yun Bai , Zilan He , Weihao Kong , Ke Cao
Published: November 2020

3D models of stratigraphy、 rock、 tectonic、 mineralization and so on are established, based on the data of digital uranium exploration achievement, focusing on 3D modeling of uranium deposit、 evaluation of deep uranium resource. Exploration achievement model are formed by the result above accompany with geophysical geochemical prospecting data and Interpretation. The prediction and evaluation of deep deposits which delineated metallogenic advantageous target area are carried out by weights of evidence method. The applications of digital uranium exploration achievement are realized by the application research above, which improving efficiency and broadening application range and depth of digital exploration achievement.
Allelopathic effect of Chitosan Fiber on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa
Authors: Cao Jingguo , Zhao Hongyan , Dong Zezhang , Yang Zongzheng
Published: November 2020

Cyanobacterial bloom elimination has become an urgent concern in aquatic environment protection. Allelopathic technology, however, is one of the potential effective approaches because of its exclusive and ecological safety protection. The potential application of chitosan fiber in the inhibition of Microcystis aeruginosa was explored for the first time. Results showed that the cell growth of M. aeruginosa was inhibited effectively by chitosan fibers. After 12 days of treatment, the inhibition rate (IR) of algal cells was above 78.9%; those of chlorophyll a and carotenoids in algal cells were 86.9% and 93.1%, respectively; those of phycocyanin, allophycocyanin and phycoerythrin in phycobiliproteins were all approximately 100%; those of soluble proteins and algal toxins were 88% and 100%, respectively; and those of superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were 68% and 74%, respectively. In addition, chitosan fiber effectively destroyed the structure of algal cells involved in the photosynthetic process, thereby destroying the metabolic activity of algal cells. This study provides a novel method utilizing a new allelopathic material.
A Self-Calibration Method for Boresight Error of Mobile Mapping System
Authors: Li Yunzhi , Bai Yuntian , Wang Mengke
Published: November 2020

The boresight error is one of the main error sources of the Mobile Mapping System(MMS), which directly affects the overall accuracy and quality of the laser point cloud. Unideal boresight error estimation seriously reduces the point cloud registration accuracy. When there is a feature place in the laser point cloud, the boresight error will cause the feature plane to deviate from the real plane. In order to solve the above problems, a visual axis calibration method for a mobile surveying and mapping system based on known feature planes is proposed. According to the plane features of 3D scene, the Gauss-Helmert adjustment model is established, and the normal equation for calculating the boresight error is derived. This is a simple and reliable calibration method.
Integration and evaluation of SLAM-based backpack mobile mapping system
Authors: Yu Peidong , Wang Mengke , Chen Huanjian
Published: November 2020

Mobile mapping is an efficient technology to acquire spatial data of the environment. As a supplement of vehicle-borne and air-borne methods, Backpack mobile mapping system (MMS) has a wide application prospect in indoor and underground space. High-precision positioning and attitude determination are the key to MMS. Usually, GNSS/INS integrated navigation system provides reliable pose information. However, in the GNSS-denied environments, there is no effective long-term positioning method. With the development of simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) algorithm, it provides a new solution for indoor mobile mapping. This paper develops a portable backpack mobile mapping system, which integrates multi-sensor such as LiDAR, IMU, GNSS and panoramic camera. The 3D laser SLAM algorithm is applied to the mobile mapping to realize the acquisition of geographic information data in various complex environments. The experimental results in typical indoor and outdoor scenes show that the system can achieve high-precision and efficient acquisition of 3D information, and the relative precision of point cloud is 2~4cm, which meets the requirements of scene mapping and reconstruction.
Evaluation of Water Quality in Middle and Lower Yangtze River of China
Authors: Yang Yanbin
Published: November 2020

The water resource is the basic natural resource and one of the controlling factors of the ecological environment. However, for China with extensive economic growth and high population pressure, deterioration of water quality has been a very serious problem. This research will focus on five main provinces along the Yangtze River, one of the richest and most economically developed areas in China. The data of lakes in five provinces is mainly from China Lake Scientific Database and the study chooses and analyzes four elements of the lake: nitrogen content, phosphorus content, dissolved oxygen content and pH value. These four elements represent water quality or reflect the source of pollution. By R studio, both the ANOVA test and regression equation are used to indicate four elements’ relationship among each other in the whole five provinces and each province’s water quality and use condition. Jiangsu’s average dissolved oxygen content is the highest among the five provinces and is supposed to have the highest water quality because of the strong self-purification ability of water. However, since it also owns the most developed industry seen from data of the number of industrial enterprise and industrial wastewater, lakes in Jiangsu have the highest average nitrogen and phosphorus content. Anhui has low dissolved oxygen content which can harm the production in the fishery. The pH value of lakes in Jiangxi is much lower than that of lakes in other provinces. Jiangxi province suffers from acid rain all year- round, which causes the acidification of groundwater and surface lakes.
Analysis on the Applicability of a K-value Model Used for Water Vapor Conversion in Western China
Authors: Yao Maohua , Zhou Wenting , Chen Xiangping
Published: November 2020

This paper makes use of the sounding data of 43 sounding stations located in western China from 2016 to 2019 and takes the PWV-ZWD (precipitable water vapor and Zenith wet delay) conversion coefficient K calculated via numerical integration as the reference value to study the applicability of using a K-value model for PWV-ZWD conversion in western China. Six groups of stations with similar latitude and increasing altitude difference were selected to identify how the K-value model varies with elevation. Also, the K-value model was employed to invert the PWV of eight sounding stations in 2019 to verify the usability of the model. As shown by the results, the establishment of the regional model has contributed to the improvement of model accuracy; the K-value model assumes a higher accuracy in flatter terrains; there is a <3mm deviation between the PWV inverted using the K-value model and that provided by the sounding stations, with the deviation being positively correlated with the PWV value inverted using the K-value model.
Research on Marine sediment Measurement for the needs of Modern Marine Survey
Authors: SUN Chao , Wang Nan , Bian Gang , Jin Shaohua
Published: November 2020

Marine sediment information is one of the important elements of marine spatial geographic information. Combined with the development and application requirements of marine geospatial information system, according to the requirements of marine sediment measurement and the characteristics of marine sediment information data, this paper comprehensively discusses three research problems: the application of acoustic instruments in marine sediment detection, the classification and expression of marine sediment measurement and the accuracy of interpolation methods.
Surface Fitting for non-Grid Data from in-Situ Measuring Systems of Aero-engine Blade
Authors: Mao Qing , Wang Sen , Liu Shugui
Published: November 2020

High machining accuracy of aero-engine blade largely determines the carrying capacity, endurance, acceleration and the dynamic performance of the aero-engine, so a reliable machining error inspection and evaluation technique is imperative. In order to give a reliable error evaluation, the non- uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) technique is adopted to reconstruct the surface within a specified accuracy. Usually, data points measured from aero-engine blade are non-grid data in situ measuring systems. To overcome the difficulty of NURBS surface fitting from non-grid data, a new method based on data conversion is proposed, in which chord length parameterization and uniform parameter sampling are combined together to realize the data convertation, and subsequently hierarchical fitting strategy is applied to finish the NURBS surface reconstruction. The way proposed for data conversion is easy to realize, and by which gemetrical features of original measured data are also reserved well, which make the whole method outstanding in low time cost. Experimental results show that the method is fast, effective. The source code has been implemented in VC++, while the resulting pictures are constructed in Matlab with the obtained control points, knot vectors, and the orders.
Control Point Position Calibration for Light Pen Coordinate Measuring System
Authors: Wang Sen , Liu Shugui , Mao Qing
Published: November 2020

Light pen coordinate measuring system is a kind of vision-based portable coordinate measuring technique. It implements coordinate measuring by analyzing the image of light pen, which has several control points. With the relative positons of the control points determined and the pixel coordinates of their image points acquired by image processing, the posture of light pen can be obtained by solving perspective- n-point problem. Therefore, the control point positons serve as the measuring basis of the whole system. However, the accuracy of existing calibration methods is not satisfactory. In this paper, a new method of control point positon calibration, which utilizes traditional coordinate measuring machine, is proposed. The light pen is fasten to the measuring arm of a coordinate measuring machine and moves along a three dimensional grid route driven by the machine. A stationary camera is located in front of the machine to capture the image of light pen at each node of the route. For each control point, an individual coordinate system is established. Then the relative positions of control points can be transformed into the differences of a series of translation vectors. Experiments show that, with the proposed method, the accuracy of light pen coordinate measuring system can reach 30m within 10 meters.
Analysis of changes of relationship between water level and discharge and its causes at the tail of Fuhe River in recent 70 years
Authors: GE Hua , DENG Chunyan
Published: November 2020

Based on the measured day-averaged water level and discharge data of the tail reach of Fuhe River, the changes of hydrological situation in recent 70 years was analysed in this paper. The results show that the relationship between the water level and discharge at the tail of Fuhe River has been greatly changed, and the water level at the same discharge was significantly reduced. These changed were not related to the runoff changes, but mainly affected by the changes of river bed and downstream boundary water level.
L’analyse pétrographique : un outil de la géologie de l’ingénieur
Authors: Guédon Jeanne-Sylvine , Durville Jean-Louis
Published: November 2020

L’examen pétrographique des matériaux rocheux utilisés en génie civil (pierres en œuvre, granulats pour béton) permet de mettre en évidence des éléments nuisibles ou des caractéristiques défavorables et, plus généralement, d’évaluer l’aptitude à une utilisation donnée, en complément d’essais pétrophysiques et mécaniques. L’accent est mis sur l’analyse pétrographique de lames minces au microscope optique polarisant, éventuellement complétée par l’examen au microscope électronique à balayage. Cette analyse peut être utilisée a priori, lors d’une recherche de matériaux, ou pour le diagnostic de désordres observés sur ouvrages. Plusieurs exemples sont donnés : dissolution ou gélifraction de calcaires, altération par lessivage des argiles dans un grès poreux, fissuration d’un marbre en œuvre sous l’effet des variations de température, aide au diagnostic de roches siliceuses vis-à-vis de l’alcali-réaction. Quelques normes ou recommandations relatives à l’examen pétrographique sont commentées. On insiste en conclusion sur les compétences, spécifiques aux questions de géologie de l’ingénieur, que doit posséder le pétrographe.
Du bon usage des lignes esthétiques
Authors: Marty Claire , Vergnes Jean-Noël , Lodter Christiane
Published: November 2020

Introduction : Les lignes esthétiques sont des paramètres céphalométriques de référence proposées dans les années 60 et connues de tous les orthodontistes. Les plus utilisées sont celles de Ricketts, Steiner et Burstone.

Elles formalisent de façon simple l’évaluation du profil labial cutané dans le sens sagittal et déterminent le diagnostic de prochélie, normochélie ou rétrochélie. Cependant, nous pouvons nous interroger sur la pertinence de ces références. L’objectif de cette étude observationnelle transversale est d’évaluer leur légitimité afin de guider le plan de traitement orthodontique et l’indication de repositionnement dentaire selon l’âge du patient.

Matériel et méthode : L’échantillon est composé de 96 patients sans limite d’âge dont les téléradiographies sont sélectionnées par stratification aléatoire. Les trois critères de jugement principaux sont les lignes E de Ricketts, S de Steiner et B de Burstone. Les mesures sont effectuées par un seul opérateur via le logiciel IMAGEJ.

Résultat : D’après l’analyse de Spearman, plus le sujet est âgé, plus la rétrochélie augmente. Ceci avec une forte fiabilité pour les critères de Ricketts (rho>0,6) et Steiner (rho>0,6). De plus, l’âge pivot à 25 ans est vérifié par le test de Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney (p < 0,05).

Conclusion : L’utilisation des lignes esthétiques E, S et B comme argument d’un repositionnement dentaire chez l’adolescent et l’adulte jeune est injustifiée, de par l’absence de prise en compte du recul labial physiologique avec l’âge.
CANreduce 2.0: Reduzierung des Cannabiskonsums unter Berücksichtigung von psychischen Komorbiditäten wie der Generalisierten Angststörung – Zwei Fliegen auf einen Schlag?
Authors: Malischnig Doris , Baumgartner Christian , Schaub Michael P.
Published: November 2020

Ziel der Studie Zahlreiche Studien weisen auf ein breites Spektrum häufig gleichzeitig auftretender psychischer Störungen wie jene der Generalisierten Angststörung bei der Behandlung von Personen mit Cannabiskonsumstörungen hin (GAD). Bisherige Internet-basierte Studien konnten zwar vereinzelt die Reduktion von Cannabiskonsum zeigen, berücksichtigten aber keine komorbide Störungen. Ziel des E-Coach gestützten Online-Selbsthilfeprogramm CANreduce 2.0 ist die Reduzierung des Cannabiskonsums und der gegebenenfalls vorhandenen GAD.

Methodik Sekundäranalyse der in der Allgemeinbevölkerung rekrutierten Cannabiskonsumierenden der CANreduce 2.0 Studie der beiden aktiven Interventionsgruppen (N=367). Für die Analysen wurden diese Teilnehmende aufgrund ihres erreichten Symptomatik-Wertes der General Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) in 4 Gruppen eingeteilt: Minimale (GAD-7 Werte: 0–4; N=102), Milde (5–9; N=151), Moderate (10–14; N=78) und Schwere (15–21; N=36) Angststörung und anschliessend ihre Behandlungsverläufe mittels Intention-to-Treat Analysen bezüglich ihrer Cannabiskonsumtage und ihrer Werte auf dem Cannabis Use Disorder Identification Test (CUDIT), der Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS), der GAD-7, der Center of Epidemiologic Studies of Depression Scale (CES-D) sowie bezüglich ihrer Adhärenz verglichen.

Ergebnisse Alle 4 Gruppen reduzierten unabhängig von ihrer GAD-Symptomatik die Anzahl ihrer Cannabiskonsumtage, ihren CUDIT und SDS Score sowohl 6 Wochen als auch 3 Monate nach der Baselineerhebung. Weiter haben mit Ausnahme von der minimalen GAD-7-Gruppe alle Gruppen eine Reduktion der Angstsymptomatik nach 3 Monaten aufgewiesen. Analog zeigten mit Ausnahme der minimalen GAD-7-Gruppe alle GAD-7-Gruppen eine deutliche Reduktion in der depressiven Symptomatik. Bezüglich der gemessenen Adhärenz zeigten sich keine Unterschiede zwischen den GAD-7-Gruppen.

Schlussfolgerungen CANreduce 2.0 scheint sowohl den Cannabiskonsum, die Ausprägung der Cannabiskonsumstörung bzw. die Cannabisabhängigkeit wie auch eine gegebenenfalls vorhandene GAD-Symptomatik zu reduzieren.
Virtuelle Medizin in der Behandlung von Sucht in den USA, Kanada und darüber hinaus
Authors: Krausz R. Michael , Shams Farhud , Cabanis Maurice
Published: November 2020

Insbesondere während der aktuellen Corona-Pandemie hat der Gebrauch virtueller Lösungen in der Medizin international stark zugenommen. Es gibt eine zunehmende Akzeptanz gerade auch in dem Bereich der hausärztlichen Versorgung, der Behandlung psychischer Störungen und der Abhängigkeitserkrankungen.

Die Entwicklung ist international unterschiedlich, v. a, wenn man die USA und Kanada auf der einen Seite und Europa, insbesondere Deutschland, andererseits vergleicht. In Nordamerika hat bei dem Einsatz von moderner Technologie die Einführung von „Electronic Medical Record Systems“ eine dominierende Rolle gespielt. Diese ist insbesondere auf Abrechnung und Dokumentation zu Versicherungszwecken fokussiert. Daneben gibt es zunehmend Apps, die spezifische therapeutische Ansätze zu implementieren helfen. Die Anwendung virtueller Ansätze im Suchtbereich ist begrenzt, aber in Teilen sehr innovativ und auf deutsche Verhältnisse anwendbar. Wie in Europa gibt es auch in Nordamerika nur sehr begrenzte Forschungskapazitäten und prinzipiell Widerstand bei den medizinischen Berufsgruppen bezüglich der Anwendungsmöglichkeiten und der Rolle im Behandlungsprozess. Mehr Kooperation würde international zu einer Beschleunigung der Entwicklung und der Etablierung gemeinsamer Standards beitragen sowie die Behandlungssysteme bedeutend verbessern.
Effects of a Combined Endurance/Strength Training Program on Circulating Irisin Levels in Overweight/Obese Men and Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Brinkmann Christian , Weh-Gray Olivier , Bloch Wilhelm , Brixius Klara , Predel Hans-Georg , Kreutz Thorsten
Published: November 2020

Irisin is a promising therapeutic target in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), as studies have demonstrated that irisin can induce “browning“ of adipocytes and mitigate pro-inflammatory conditions. Sex-specific changes in irisin levels have been reported in a study involving healthy men and women following physical training. The present study aims to analyze the effects of an 8-week training intervention on circulating irisin levels in patients with T2DM and to find out whether the training responses differ between T2DM men and women. Twenty-nine overweight/obese T2DM patients (19 men, 10 women; age: 46–74 years; body mass index >25 kg/m2) participated in a combined moderate-intensity endurance/strength training program (3 times a week). The irisin levels of men and women did not differ significantly. The post-training irisin levels did not differ significantly from the pre-training values, and there was no interaction effect of sex. This study shows no training-induced (sex-specific) changes in circulating irisin levels in T2DM patients. Large-scale studies using other forms of training are needed to fully clarify whether basal irisin levels can be changed in T2DM men and/or women to counteract T2DM.
Epilepsy: Workup and Management in Adults
Authors: O'Dwyer Rebecca
Published: November 2020

When managing epilepsy, there is a temptation to focus care with respect to the last and the next seizure. However, epilepsy is a multifaceted chronic condition and should be treated as such. Epilepsy comes with many physical risks, psychological effects, and socioeconomic ramifications, demanding a long-term commitment from the treating physician. Patients with epilepsy, compared to other chronically ill patient populations, have a worse quality of life, family function, and less social support. The majority of patients are well controlled on antiseizure drugs. However, approximately one-third will continue to have seizures despite optimized medical management. The primary aim of this article is to explore the long-term management of chronic epilepsy, and to address some of the particular needs of patients with chronic epilepsy.
Status Epilepticus: Work-Up and Management in Adults
Authors: Meziane-Tani Assia , Foreman Brandon , Mizrahi Moshe A.
Published: November 2020

Status epilepticus is one of the most common neurological emergencies and is likely to have increasing prevalence in coming years given an aging “baby boomer” population in the United States. Because status epilepticus is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, identification and treatment are paramount. Care should be taken to exclude nonorganic mimics and infectious and metabolic causes. Status epilepticus can be classified into stages with associated recommendations for escalation in therapy, increasing from push-dose benzodiazepines to continuous anesthetic infusions and other nontraditional therapies. Concurrent electroencephalogram monitoring helps to identify, localize, and assess resolution of ictal patterns alongside antiseizure drug administration. A protocol is proposed for the management of status epilepticus in a step-wise fashion.
Bifurcation and new exact traveling wave solutions for time-space fractional Phi-4 equation
Authors: Li Zhao , Han Tianyong , Huang Chun
Published: November 2020

In this paper, the dynamical behavior of a time-space fractional Phi-4 equation is investigated by utilizing the bifurcation method of a planar dynamical system. Under the given parameter conditions, phase portraits and bifurcations are obtained with the help of the mathematical software Maple. Moreover, some new exact traveling wave solutions are obtained, such as Jacobi elliptic function solutions, hyperbolic function solutions, trigonometric function solutions, kink solitary wave solutions, and periodic wave solutions.
Milk fatty acid composition, rumen microbial population and animal performance in response to diets rich in linoleic acid supplemented with
Authors: Purba R. A. P. , Yuangklang C. , Paengkoum S. , Paengkoum P.
Published: November 2020

Context Rumen biohydrogenation is an important way to produce conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), especially the rumenic acid isomer. However, CLA is principally synthesised endogenously in lactating mammals by delta 9-desaturase in breast tissue. Aims The aim of the study was to evaluate milk fatty acid profile, rumen microbial population and animal performance in response to diets containing sunflower oil either supplemented with or without flavonoids and essential oils from Piper betle L. powder (PP) in dairy goats. Method Twelve multiparous Saanen goats (42 ± 1.00 kg; mean ± s.d.) were randomly assigned to two treatment groups in an experiment that lasted for 6 weeks. The two experimental diets formulated as total mixed ration were: control (CTH) diet (containing 0% PP) and DPB diet (CTH diet containing 1.3% PP on a dry-matter basis). Key results Inclusion of flavonoids and essential oils from PP in the diet (DPB) did not affect dry-matter intake but resulted in a greater milk yield and altered the composition of milk. Compared with the control diet (CTH), the DPB diet decreased the saturated fatty acid concentration and increased the unsaturated fatty acid concentration in milk. Inclusion of PP decreased the C18:0 production (P < 0.05), resulting in higher C18:1 trans11 and C18:2 cis9 trans11 (P < 0.05) concentrations. Overall, DPB diet increased the total CLA by 1.5-fold, from 1.77 to 2.62 g/100 g fatty acid. The desaturase rate (except desaturase for carbon 18, P < 0.05), and atherogenic and thrombogenic indices were not affected by inclusion of PP in the DPB diet. Moreover, the DPB diet escalated total volatile fatty acid production and altered the volatile fatty acid profile. Compared with goats fed with CTH diet, PP supplementation increased the presence of ruminal Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens by ~5-fold, but the presence of B. proteoclasticus decreased to about 1/11 of the control. Conclusions The use of sunflower oil at 17.6 g/kg diet and inclusion of a practical dose of flavonoids and essential oils from Piper betle L. leaves in the diet of dairy goats can be an efficient method to improve milk yield and milk composition, including increasing the CLA concentration of milk. Implications These results constitute an alternative strategy to improve milk quality, without negatively affecting animal performance.
The systematics and phylogenetic position of the troglobitic Australian spider genus Troglodiplura (Araneae : Mygalomorphae), with a new classification for Anamidae
Authors: Harvey Mark S. , Rix Michael G. , Hillyer Mia J. , Huey Joel A.
Published: November 2020

Compared with araneomorph spiders, relatively few mygalomorph spiders have evolved an obligate existence in subterranean habitats. The trapdoor spider genus Troglodiplura Main, 1969 and its sole named species T. lowryi Main, 1969 is endemic to caves on the Nullarbor Plain of southern Australia, and is one of the world’s most troglomorphic mygalomorph spiders. However, its systematic position has proved to be difficult to ascertain, largely due to a lack of preserved adults, with all museum specimens represented only by cuticular fragments, degraded specimens or preserved juveniles. The systematic placement of Troglodiplura has changed since it was first described as a member of the Dipluridae, with later attribution to Nemesiidae and then back to Dipluridae. The most recent hypothesis specifically allied Troglodiplura with the Neotropical subfamily Diplurinae, and therefore was assumed to have no close living relatives in Australia. We obtained mitochondrial sequence data from one specimen of Troglodiplura to test these two competing hypotheses, and found that Troglodiplura is a member of the family Anamidae (which was recently separated from the Nemesiidae). We also reassess the morphology of the cuticular fragments of specimens from several different caves, and hypothesise that along with T. lowryi there are four new troglobitic species, here named T. beirutpakbarai Harvey & Rix, T. challeni Harvey & Rix, T. harrisi Harvey & Rix, and T. samankunani Harvey & Rix, each of which is restricted to a single cave system and therefore severely threatened by changing environmental conditions within the caves. The first descriptions and illustrations of the female spermathecae of Troglodiplura are provided. The family Anamidae is further divided into two subfamilies, with the Anaminae Simon containing Aname L. Koch, 1873, Hesperonatalius Castalanelli, Huey, Hillyer & Harvey, 2017, Kwonkan Main, 1983, Swolnpes Main & Framenau, 2009 and Troglodiplura, and the Teylinae Main including Chenistonia Hogg, 1901, Namea Raven, 1984, Proshermacha Simon, 1909, Teyl Main, 1975 and Teyloides Main, 1985.
ZooBank Registration: http://zoobank.org/References/2BE2B429-0998-4AFE-9381-B30BDC391E9C
Damage to silo bags by mammals in agroecosystems: a contribution for mitigating human–wildlife conflicts
Authors: Zufiaurre Emmanuel , Abba Agustín M. , Bilenca David
Published: November 2020

Abstract ContextDamage to harvest storage systems by mammals and associated postharvest losses generate human–wildlife conflicts. Silo bags have been widely adopted worldwide as a type of temporary harvest storage for agricultural crops. The basis of silo-bag technology is the hermetic condition of the plastic lining. Breaks in this silo-bag lining by mammals generate damage of stored content and are a serious concern for farmers, who generally take actions against wildlife with consequent impacts on the environment. AimsWe described the incidence and intensity of breaks in silo-bag linings by different mammal groups (armadillos, canids and rodents) in agroecosystems of central Argentina, and we analysed the influence of extrinsic and intrinsic factors on patterns of breakage of silo bags, and propose management options based on cultural methods tending to prevent damage and reduce human–wildlife conflicts. MethodsSampling was conducted during the austral summer and winter of 2018, at three sites in the Pampas of Argentina. At each site, we chose farms that were using at least one silo bag, described silo-bag characteristics, and recorded the number of breaks in silo bags generated by mammals. Key resultsWe sampled a total of 306 silo bags from 38 farms. Damage incidence by mammals comprised 49% of silo bags sampled. Statistical analyses (GLMMs) revealed that damage intensity generally increased with storage time. Seasonality played a key role, with breakage being higher during summer for armadillos, when they are most active, and in winter for rodents, when they are most abundant. Damage by armadillos exhibited geographic variation and also decreased significantly with increasing distance to the nearest plot edge in which the silo bag was placed. Damage by rodents was higher for bags containing grains rather than forage. ConclusionsDamage to silo bags by mammals was affected by both extrinsic (seasonal and geographical) and intrinsic (stored content, storage time and distance to nearest edge) factors; however, these effects varied according to the mammal group considered. ImplicationsRelocation of silo bags away from plot edges could significantly reduce damage by armadillos, the most harmful mammals to silo bags.
A delicate balance
Authors: Reichl Isabella , Kapogianni Eleni
Published: November 2020

This paper examines the factors that influence the outcome of exchanges containing refusals, focusing specifically on the role of irony. For this purpose, we analyse spontaneous conversations in English (SPICE-Ireland Corpus and Spoken BNC) within a discursive framework (Eelen 2001;Mills 2003;Watts 2003) that considers the negotiation of opposing views as well as relationships between interlocutors. We propose a model that relies on the crucial distinction we draw between the ‘positional’ and the ‘interpersonal’ level, pointing at mismatches between the two when it comes to the presence of conflict. We determine the presence and (non-)resolution of interpersonal conflict based on evidence of relational work (Locher and Watts 2008) and show that although there is no fixed trajectory from irony type (Kapogianni 2011,2018) to interpersonal effect, some ironies are more interpersonally risky than others.
Subtitling of ostensible speech acts (OSAs)
Authors: Yaqubi Mojde
Published: November 2020

Persian-English subtitling of Iranian films deals with the challenges of understanding and transferring ostensible speech
acts (OSAs). Both linguistic and cultural variations of these elements in Persian and English are expected to create serious difficulties
for subtitlers. Although few studies with pragmatics approach have been conducted to interpret the meaning of Persian OSAs, they have been
practically ignored in the fields of translation and subtitling. To fill this gap, this study aims to descriptively investigate the
transference of the meaning of 80 Persian OSAs from selected Iranian films. It also analyses perceptions of 106 target text audiences of
subtitled OSAs by examining their level of comprehension of 14 subtitled OSAs and the effective factors on their understandings. Finally
based on the findings emerged from the descriptive and survey analyses, this study proposes a guideline for Persian-English on assisting the
transfer of the intended meaning of OSAs.
Indoor Air Quality in the Uffizi Gallery of Florence: sampling methodology and preliminary results
Authors: Carletti Cristina , Cellai Gianfranco , Sciurpi Fabio , Russo Giuseppe , Schmidt Eike D.
Published: November 2020

In museums, indoor air quality plays a fundamental role in the visitors and staff well-being as well as in the deterioration processes of the exhibit objects. Due to some complaints dealing with poor air quality conditions reported by the occupants, a preliminary survey in some rooms of the Uffizi Gallery in Florence was carried out. To assess indoor temperature, relative humidity, chemical and microbiological pollutants in the museum, a methodology of investigation and evaluation of the results was defined and applied to several rooms of the Gallery. The survey aim is to underline the presence of critical issues in order to determine the pollutant concentration and compare the sampled values with the limits reported in Italian standards, technical regulation and guidelines. The preliminary results can be used to plan a deepen investigation with a more detailed sampling of specific pollutants. In this paper the results regarding a representative room are shown and discussed.
Climate induced deformation of Panel Paintings: experimental observations on interaction between paint layers and thin wooden supports
Authors: Allegretti O , Bontadi J , Dionisi-Vici P
Published: November 2020

This work describes the experimental evidence of the deformation induced on a XVI century panel painting by climate uncontrolled fluctuations and on structural replicas under controlled laboratory conditions. The objects under measurement have a very thin wooden support (6 mm), caused by thinning and cradling of the original artefact during a restoration made at the beginning of the XX century. This kind of artefacts are very susceptible to suffer mechanical damage.

The data of experiments carried out on the panel and in laboratory conditions show a characteristic behavior, similar to bimetallic strip warp and an interaction between hygroscopic asymmetry and mechanical asymmetry, inducing a peculiar stress dynamic in the interface wood-paint layer during climate fluctuations.

In collaboration with the conservators involved in the restoration process, the effect of buffer hygroscopic systems on the warping has been studied.
Assessment of residual effectiveness for Water-Repellent treatments for building stones. Water absorption tests on the monumental complex Cathedral of San Zeno and the Baptistery of San Giovanni in Corte in Pistoia
Authors: Martelli M , Salvatici T , Garzonio C A , De Vita M
Published: November 2020

Preventive and temporal planning of conservation is rather difficult to perform, especially concerning monumental stone buildings; the choices are often made after the degradation phenomena have already started. Many studies are looking for the reasons for this ‘resistance’. In particular the present study, the result of a doctorate research, is focused on the most operational aspects: • quantifying the residual effectiveness of water-repellent protective agents used in past restorations; • providing elements in the drafting of maintenance plans for monumental heritage; • verifying where critical conservation elements reside. The test site has been the monumental complex formed by the Cathedral of San Zeno and the Baptistery of San Giovanni in Corte in Pistoia, where the Contact Sponge Water Absorption Test (UNI 11432:2011), typically used as treated/untreated test was employed on three lithological types (white marble, serpentine and Tuscan grey sandstone) as comparison test between treatments carried out at different knows times. The test campaign was conducted by Mila Martelli with the involvement of Superintendency of Archaeology, Fine Arts and Landscape; University of Florence DiDA, DST-LAM, Department of Chemistry and, in the phase of organization of the monitoring, with the involvement of Dr. Maria Jose’ Ybañez Worboys, art restorer. The results of this research must be read in consideration of the fact that it is an ex-post survey, for which not all factors have been kept under control from the beginning, but for which it was possible to make assumptions. This study illustrates the methods and the first test results obtained which show a rather rapid decline in the effectiveness of water-repellent treatments, already a few years after their application.
Monitoring and Conservation plans for monumental stone buildings. The case study of the Baptistery of San Giovanni in Corte in Pistoia
Authors: Martelli M , Jose’ Ybañez Worboys Maria , Tesi Valerio
Published: November 2020

In preventive conservation of cultural heritage, regrettably, only a few concrete examples of conservation and maintenance plans for monumental assets are available. This is attributable both to the particularity of each case, which makes it difficult to draw up a standard conservation plan and to the difficulty of finding specific data to program the cyclicity of the interventions, which requires us to resort almost exclusively to continuous monitoring of monuments. On the Baptistery of San Giovanni in Corte in Pistoia, after a major restoration carried out on the occasion of the Jubilee of 2000, a series of conservation interventions on various fronts have been repeated from 2000 to today. This case was deemed particularly interesting precisely because of this peculiar palimpsest of documented interventions and has, therefore, become the subject of a doctoral research (conducted in collaboration between the University of Florence and the Superintendency of Archaeology, Fine Arts and Landscape), focused on the in situ evaluation of the durability of water-repellent treatments on stone. Starting from the results already obtained with the tests of 2108, and collected in the doctoral thesis, was organized a monitoring plan of water repellent treatments commonly used on white marble, serpentine and Tuscan grey sandstone. The monitoring data should thus merge into the assessments on which the Monument Conservation Plan is founded. This essay presents the choice of the monitoring plan, the designing of test points, the performed treatments, and the planning of the monitoring; it also shows the expected results and how datasets will converge into the drafting and management of the conservation plan. As a result, the study provides useful promptings for implementing a ‘final scientific report’ and a Conservation Plan and, in general, it deepens knowledge on preventive conservation and contributes to the systematization of data for real usefulness for the maintenance of monuments.
CollectionCare: an affordable service for the preventive conservation monitoring of single cultural artefacts during display, storage, handling and transport
Authors: Perles A , Fuster-López L , García-Diego F J , Peiró-Vitoria A , García-Castillo A M , Andersen C K , Bosco E , Mavrikas E , Pariente T
Published: November 2020

In recent years there has been growing interest in the development of devices and software packages that allow museum decision-makers to manage the environmental conditions in collections and estimate the evolution of degradation of objects. A system able to monitor the environmental conditions but also to provide warnings and recommendations about failure boundaries would optimize conservation actions and strategies thus ensuring proper conservation of the collections in the long term.

CollectionCare project aims to develop an innovative and affordable decision support system for the preventive conservation of cultural objects in small and medium-sized museums by combining research and technological advances in monitoring systems (sensor nodes), wireless communications, cloud computing, big data, and material degradation models.

Validation and demonstration activities for the CollectionCare system will be carried out in six different European museums. To this end, communication efforts will be developed to promote the importance and applicability of these technologies in the conservation of cultural objects. All this in order to increase citizens’ awareness of the importance of preventive approaches for the conservation of the European cultural heritage.
Application of Systematic Design Methods to Cultural Heritage Preservation
Authors: Fiorineschi Lorenzo , Barsanti Roberta , Cascini Gaetano , Rotini Federico
Published: November 2020

The preservation of cultural heritage often involves the design of systems with different purposes, as for example the devices for extraction of data from inaccessible locations and/or demonstrative models. For the latter, when the starting information about the model to be designed is incomplete, the task is not trivial, and different interpretations of the system can lead to different design outcomes. Moreover, other requirements concerning size, materials and interactivity, make this a real engineering design task, where actors with conflicting needs can be involved. Accordingly, to ensure a comprehensive fulfilment of the task, it is possible to follow engineering systematic design approaches that, even if originally developed for the development of industrial systems, can be conveniently used for different fields of application. More specifically, these design methods ensure the design of cost-effective solutions by reducing the useless and costly design iterations that often characterize non-structured procedures. In particular, the present paper shows the application of systematic methods for the interpretation, the design and the development of realistic physical models from some of the Leonardo da Vinci’s machines, for the Museo Leonardiano of Vinci (Italy). The followed approach allowed to efficiently gather the starting list of design requirements, and to engage a successful interaction among the designers, the historians, the museum staff and the architect involved in the showroom design. The key points of the systematic design methodology are presented in this paper, together with some applicative examples from the Da Vinci’s models. Other possible application of systematic design approaches are also presented, with the aim of showing some representative examples were the Engineering design and problem-solving methods can support the preservation of cultural heritage.
HoloCities: A Shared Reality application for Collaborative Tourism
Authors: Iacoviello Roberto , Zappia Davide
Published: November 2020

Communication is a key arena for shared-reality application: our mixed reality application is developed on Microsoft Hololens and it has been designed to provide new engaging ways to discover the city using augmented reality. Most augmented reality tourism applications isolate the user, therefore, this application has been made multiplayer and collaborative to encourage shared experiences and socialization. In this project two scenarios are described: In the first scenario there is a real guide that exposes to the group, each equipped with Head Mounted Display, the peculiarities of the monument visited. Each user share the 3D models manipulated by the guide that can be in the same room or it can be a remote guide leveraging on the 5G network low latency. Moreover, the guide could highlight and label to convey relevant information about the objects. While in the second scenario there is no real guide, so the application automatically recognizes the framed monument thanks to a visual search engine running on a 5G-ready infrastructure and shows shared information to the whole group of tourists. Moreover, it uses the huge amount of multimedia data stored in the archives of the Italian Public Broadcaster RAI. Thanks to the fact that the new HMDs are able to track the position and orientation of the user, we have created a menu capable of following the user while exploring the city. Moreover, the shared-interaction with virtual objects is performed by hands or vocal commands. Both scenarios allow users to visit a city in a new and intelligent way, promoting participation and collaboration with others and with the guide, unlike previous approaches that involve only one tourist using the information provided by the app.
The RESEARCH project. Soil-related hazards and archaeological heritage in the challenge of climate change
Authors: De Angeli Stefano , Battistin Fabiana , Serpetti Matteo , Di Iorio Alessio , Valerio Moresi Federico
Published: November 2020

Archaeological Heritage, naturally endangered by environmental processes and anthropogenic pressures, is today increasingly at risk, because of intense human activities and climate change, and their impact on atmosphere and soil. European research is increasingly dedicated to the development of good practices for monitoring archaeological sites and their preservation. One of the running projects about these topics is RESEARCH (Remote Sensing techniques for Archaeology; H2020-MSCA-RISE, grant agreement: 823987), started in 2018 and ending in 2022. RESEARCH aims at testing risk assessment methodology using an integrated system of documentation and research in the fields of archaeology and environmental studies. It will introduce a strategy and select the most efficient tools for the harmonization of different data, criteria, and indicators in order to produce an effective risk assessment. These will be used to assess and monitor the impact of soil erosion, land movement, and land-use change on tangible archaeological heritage assets. As a final product, the Project addresses the development of a multi-task thematic platform, combining advanced remote sensing technologies with GIS application. The demonstration and validation of the Platform will be conducted on six case studies located in Italy, Greece, Cyprus, and Poland, and variously affected by the threats considered by the Project. In the frame of RISE (Research and Innovation Staff Exchange), RESEARCH will coordinate the existing expertise and research efforts of seven beneficiaries into a synergetic plan of collaborations and exchanges of personnel (Ph.D. students and research staff), to offer a comprehensive transfer of knowledge and training environment for the researchers in the specific area. This paper aims at illustrating the results of the activities conducted during the first year of the Project, which consisted in developing an effective risk assessment methodology for soil-related threats affecting archaeological heritage, and defining the scientific requirements and the user requirements of the Platform. The activities have been conducted in synergy with all the Partners and were supported by the possibility of staff exchange allowed by the funding frame MSCA-RISE.