bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Indoor heat measurement data from low-income households in rural and urban South Asia
Authors: Tasgaonkar Premsagar , Zade Dipak , Ehsan Sana , Gorti Ganesh , Mamnun Nabir , Siderius Christian , Singh Tanya
Published: June 2022

Rising temperatures are causing distress across the world, and for those most vulnerable, it is a silent killer. Information about indoor air temperature in residential dwellings is of interest for a range of reasons, such as health, thermal comfort and coping practices. However, there have been only few studies that measure indoor heat exposure, and contrast these to outdoor temperatures in rural-urban areas, of which none are in South Asia. We aim to close this knowledge gap with our indoor and outdoor heat measurement dataset, covering five low-income sites in South Asia. Two sites are in rural areas (Maharashtra, India), while three sites focus on urban areas (Dhaka, Delhi and Faisalabad). Data are based on 206 indoor temperature data loggers and complemented by data from five outdoor automated weather stations. The data-set can be used to examine temperature and humidity variation in low-socioeconomic status households in rural and urban areas and to better understand factors aggravating heat stress. This is important to plan and implement actions for combating heat stress.
A cross-verified database of notable people, 3500BC-2018AD
Authors: Laouenan Morgane , Bhargava Palaash , Eyméoud Jean-Benoît , Gergaud Olivier , Plique Guillaume , Wasmer Etienne
Published: June 2022

A new strand of literature aims at building the most comprehensive and accurate database of notable individuals. We collect a massive amount of data from various editions of and . Using deduplication techniques over these partially overlapping sources, we cross-verify each retrieved information. For some variables, adds 15% more information when missing in . We find very few errors in the part of the database that contains the most documented individuals but nontrivial error rates in the bottom of the notability distribution, due to sparse information and classification errors or ambiguity. Our strategy results in a cross-verified database of 2.29 million individuals (an elite of 1/43,000 of human being having ever lived), including a third who are not present in the English edition of . Data collection is driven by specific social science questions on gender, economic growth, urban and cultural development. We document an Anglo-Saxon bias present in the English edition of , and document when it matters and when not.
A Chinese multi-modal neuroimaging data release for increasing diversity of human brain mapping
Authors: Gao Peng , Dong Hao-Ming , Liu Si-Man , Fan Xue-Ru , Jiang Chao , Wang Yin-Shan , Margulies Daniel , Li Hai-Fang , Zuo Xi-Nian
Published: June 2022

The big-data use is becoming a standard practice in the neuroimaging field through data-sharing initiatives. It is important for the community to realize that such open science effort must protect personal, especially facial information when raw neuroimaging data are shared. An ideal tool for the face anonymization should not disturb subsequent brain tissue extraction and further morphological measurements. Using the high-resolution head images from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of 215 healthy Chinese, we discovered and validated a template effect on the face anonymization. Improved facial anonymization was achieved when the Chinese head templates but not the Western templates were applied to obscure the faces of Chinese brain images. This finding has critical implications for international brain imaging data-sharing. To facilitate the further investigation of potential culture-related impacts on and increase diversity of data-sharing for the human brain mapping, we released the 215 Chinese multi-modal MRI data into a database for imaging Chinese young brains, namely’I See your Brains (ISYB)’, to the public via the Science Data Bank (https://doi.org/10.11922/sciencedb.00740).
Experimental characterization of colloidal silica gel for water conformance control in oil reservoirs
Authors: Ghaffari Zahra , Rezvani Hosein , Khalilnezhad Ali , Cortes Farid B. , Riazi Masoud
Published: June 2022

High water production in oil fields is an area of concern due to economic issues and borehole/wellhead damages. Colloidal gels can be a good alternative to polymers to address this as they can tolerate harsh oil reservoir conditions. A series of bottle tests with different silica and NaCl concentrations were first conducted. The gelation time, cation valence, rheology, and viscosity were investigated to characterize the gels. The applicability of solid gels in porous media was finally inspected in a dual-patterned glass micromodel. Bottle test results showed that increasing NaCl concentration at a constant silica concentration can convert solid gels into two-phase gels and then viscous suspensions. Na+ replacement with Mg2+ resulted a distinctive behaviour probably due to higher coagulating ability of Mg2+. Rheology and viscosity results agreed with gelation times: gel with shortest gelation time had the highest viscosity and storage/loss modulus but was not the most elastic one. Water injection into glass micromodel half-saturated with crude oil and solid gel proved that the gel is strong against pressure gradients applied by injected phase which is promising for water conformance controls. The diverted injected phase recorded an oil recovery of 53% which was not feasible without blocking the water zone.
iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis provides insight into the drought-stress response in maize seedlings
Authors: Ren Wen , Shi Zi , Zhou Miaoyi , Zhao Bingbing , Li Hanshuai , Wang Jiarong , Liu Ya , Zhao Jiuran
Published: June 2022

Drought is a major abiotic stress that harms plant cell physiology and limits the growth and productivity of crops. Maize (Zea maysL.), one of the most drought-susceptible crops, is a major food source for humans and an important resource for industrial bioenergy production; therefore, understanding the mechanisms of the drought response is essential for maize improvement. Using isotopic tagging relative quantitation (iTRAQ)-based protein labeling technology, we detected the proteomic changes in maize leaves under drought stress. Among the 3063 proteins that were identified, the abundance of 214 and 148 proteins increased and decreased, respectively, after three days of drought treatment. These differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were mainly involved in cell redox homeostasis, cell wall organization, photosynthesis, abscisic acid biosynthesis, and stress-response processes. Furthermore, some of the DAP abundances still differed from the control six days after the drought treatment, most of which were molecular chaperones, heat shock proteins, metabolism-related enzymes, hydrolases, and transmembrane signal receptors. The expression level of some DAPs returned to normal when the water supply was restored, but for others it did not. A significant correlation between the protein and transcript levels was observed following an RT-qPCR analysis. Finally, our research provides insights into the overall mechanism of drought-stress tolerance, and important information for breeding of drought-tolerant maize.
Development of a DNA barcode library of plants in the Thai Herbal Pharmacopoeia and Monographs for authentication of herbal products
Authors: Urumarudappa Santhosh Kumar J. , Tungphatthong Chayapol , Jaipaew Jirayut , Pornputtapong Natapol , Pakdeesattayapong Duangkamol , Vimolmangkang Sornkanok , Sukrong Suchada
Published: June 2022

Traditional herbal medicine has long been practiced as a method of health care in many countries worldwide. The usage of herbal products has been increasing and is expected to continue to do so in the future. However, admixture and adulteration are concerns regarding the quality of herbal medicine, including its safety and efficacy. We aimed to develop a reference DNA barcode library of plants listed in the Thai Herbal Pharmacopoeia (THP) and Monographs of Selected Thai Materia Medica (TMM) (n = 101 plant species) using four core barcode regions, namely, the ITS2, matK, rbcL and trnH-psbA intergenic spacer regions, for authentication of the plant origin of raw materials and herbal products. Checking sequences from samples obtained from local markets and the Thai Food and Drug Administration (Thai FDA) against our digital reference DNA barcode system revealed the authenticity of eighteen out of twenty tested samples as claimed on their labels. Two samples, no. 3 and 13, were not Cyanthillium cinereum (L.) H.Rob. and Pueraria candollei Wall. ex Benth. as claimed, respectively. They were recognized as Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC. and Butea superba (Roxb.), respectively. Hence, it is important for the Thai FDA or regulatory agencies to immediately initiate strict enforcement for the development of pharmacopoeial standards as well as revisions or modifications of available regulatory guidelines and to implement close monitoring for the quality control of herbal products in terms of authentication before they enter the herbal market. The centralized digital reference DNA barcode database developed here could play a very important role in monitoring or checking the authenticity of medicinal plants.
Hybrid data-driven resilience assessment and enhancement of distribution system for cyclone susceptible zones
Authors: Sonal  , Ghosh Debomita
Published: June 2022

The sprawl of distribution system towards the need of smart grid, demands better sustenance and adaptation strategies to deal with high-impact low-frequency (HILF) events. One of the predominant causes of HILF events are natural calamities. Therefore, the resilience assessment of the distribution system is inevitable. The contributions majorly focuses on hybrid data driven approach using micro-phasor measurement unit (μ-PMU), for dynamic voltage, current phasors monitoring, and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) confirms structural vulnerability of nodes within network. Mesh grid approach, which analyses cyclone trajectory affecting the network, supplemented identification of most vulnerable part within network. However, priorities of vulnerable nodes are corroborated using complex network (CN) theory. This hybrid data driven approach and spatial parameters are used to estimate appropriate mitigation strategies against HILF scenarios. Hence, resilience analysis based on location parameters and dynamic network conditions are further analyzed based on degree of correlation of location dependent resilience with latitude, elevation, and probable water level. Based on susceptible vulnerable nodes, identification of optimum alleviation schemes is adopted and justified using resilience trapezoid. To validate efficacy of the proposed approach, the analysis is tested on IEEE 33-bus distribution network subjected to 5 cyclone prone geographical coordinates for 20 years cyclone data.
Next-generation sequencing in advanced Chinese melanoma reveals therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers for immunotherapy
Authors: Huang Fuxue , Li Jingjing , Wen Xizhi , Zhu Baoyan , Liu Wei , Wang Jiuhong , Jiang Hang , Ding Ya , Li Dandan , Zhang Xiaoshi
Published: June 2022

Limited studies have interrogated the genomic landscape of Chinese melanoma in which acral and mucosal melanoma are the mainstay. In this study, we carried out a retrospective analysis on 81 Chinese melanoma patients (15 acral, 25 mucosal and 41 cutaneous melanoma). With the identification of 1114 mutations spanning 248 genes, we summarized that the mutation spectrum varied significantly by subtypes. Acral melanoma and mucosal melanoma had significantly more CNVs. MYC amplification was one of the most commonly detected CNVs, other frequent CNVs in mucosal melanoma included NBN and KDR, which were associated with the poor survival of melanoma patients. A generally low TMB, with a median of only 5.1 mut/Mb, was observed in three groups including cutaneous melanoma. Additionally, over 50% variants in DNA damage repair pathway were detected in all three subtypes, most of which were HRD related genes. Patients with alterations of HRD related genes had a longer survival time after immunotherapy. This study revealed a molecular profiling of Chinese patients with advanced melanoma, and proposed the high variant rate in DDR pathway as a biomarker of immunotherapy, which might provide therapeutic targets and guidance in making clinical decision for different Chinese melanoma.
An exploratory study of resting-state functional connectivity of amygdala subregions in posttraumatic stress disorder following trauma in adulthood
Authors: Leite Leticia , Esper Nathalia Bianchini , Junior José Roberto M. Lopes , Lara Diogo Rizzato , Buchweitz Augusto
Published: June 2022

We carried out an exploratory study aimed at identifying differences in resting-state functional connectivity for the amygdala and its subregions, right and left basolateral, centromedial and superficial nuclei, in patients with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), relative to controls. The study included 10 participants with PTSD following trauma in adulthood (9 females), and 10 controls (9 females). The results suggest PTSD was associated with a decreased (negative) functional connectivity between the superficial amygdala and posterior brain regions relative to controls. The differences were observed between right superficial amygdala and right fusiform gyrus, and between left superficial amygdala and left lingual and left middle occipital gyri. The results suggest that among PTSD patients, the worse the PTSD symptoms, the lower the connectivity. The results corroborate the fMRI literature that shows PTSD is associated with weaker amygdala functional connectivity with areas of the brain involved in sensory and perceptual processes. The results also suggest that though the patients traumatic experience occured in adulthood, the presence of early traumatic experiences were associated with negative connectivity between the centromedial amygdala and sensory and perceptual regions. We argue that the understanding of the mechanisms of PTSD symptoms, its behaviors and the effects on quality of life of patients may benefit from the investigation of brain function that underpins sensory and perceptual symptoms associated with the disorder.
ICAM-1 related long noncoding RNA is associated with progression of IgA nephropathy and fibrotic changes in proximal tubular cells
Authors: Wen Lu , Zhao Zhanzheng , Li Fanghua , Ji Fengping , Wen Jianguo
Published: June 2022

Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) related long noncoding RNA (ICR) is on the antisense strand of ICAM-1 and regulates ICAM-1 expression. ICAM-1 is involved in renal tubulointerstitial injury; however, the expression and clinical implication of ICR are not determined in IgA nephropathy (IgAN). We compared renal ICR levels in 337 IgAN patients with those of 89 biopsy controls, and a markedly increased ICR level was observed in IgAN patients. By Cox proportional hazards models, higher levels of renal ICR were independently associated with disease progression event defined as end-stage renal disease or ≥ 40% decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate. Patients in the highest tertile of renal ICR had a 3.5-fold higher risk for disease progression compared with those in the lowest tertile. The addition of renal ICR to a model with traditional risk factors improved risk prediction of disease progression (net reclassification index: 0.31 [95% CI 0.01–0.50]; integrated discrimination index: 0.10 [95% CI 0.04–0.16]). Inhibition of ICR by transfection with plasmids containing ICR shRNA significantly reduced expression of collagen I and α-SMA, and phosphorylation of Akt and mTOR in TGF-β1- treated HK-2 cells. Our findings suggest that renal ICR might be an independent predictor of IgAN progression and contribute to renal fibrosis.
A new generative adversarial network for medical images super resolution
Authors: Ahmad Waqar , Ali Hazrat , Shah Zubair , Azmat Shoaib
Published: June 2022

For medical image analysis, there is always an immense need for rich details in an image. Typically, the diagnosis will be served best if the fine details in the image are retained and the image is available in high resolution. In medical imaging, acquiring high-resolution images is challenging and costly as it requires sophisticated and expensive instruments, trained human resources, and often causes operation delays. Deep learning based super resolution techniques can help us to extract rich details from a low-resolution image acquired using the existing devices. In this paper, we propose a new Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) based architecture for medical images, which maps low-resolution medical images to high-resolution images. The proposed architecture is divided into three steps. In the first step, we use a multi-path architecture to extract shallow features on multiple scales instead of single scale. In the second step, we use a ResNet34 architecture to extract deep features and upscale the features map by a factor of two. In the third step, we extract features of the upscaled version of the image using a residual connection-based mini-CNN and again upscale the feature map by a factor of two. The progressive upscaling overcomes the limitation for previous methods in generating true colors. Finally, we use a reconstruction convolutional layer to map back the upscaled features to a high-resolution image. Our addition of an extra loss term helps in overcoming large errors, thus, generating more realistic and smooth images. We evaluate the proposed architecture on four different medical image modalities: (1) the DRIVE and STARE datasets of retinal fundoscopy images, (2) the BraTS dataset of brain MRI, (3) the ISIC skin cancer dataset of dermoscopy images, and (4) the CAMUS dataset of cardiac ultrasound images. The proposed architecture achieves superior accuracy compared to other state-of-the-art super-resolution architectures.
Mid-infrared supercontinuum-based Fourier transform spectroscopy for plasma analysis
Authors: Krebbers R. , Liu N. , Jahromi K. E. , Nematollahi M. , Bang O. , Woyessa G. , Petersen C. R. , van Rooij G. , Harren F. J. M. , Khodabakhsh A. , Cristescu S. M.
Published: June 2022

Broadband mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy is a well-established and valuable diagnostic technique for reactive plasmas. Plasmas are complex systems and consist of numerous (reactive) types of molecules; it is challenging to measure and control reaction specificity with a good sensitivity. Here, we demonstrate the first use of a novel MIR supercontinuum (SC) source for quantitative plasma spectroscopy. The SC source has a wide spectral coverage of 1300–2700 cm−1 (wavelength range 3.7–7.7 μm), thus enabling broadband multispecies detection. The high spatial coherence of the MIR SC source provides long interaction path lengths, thereby increasing the sensitivity for molecular species. The combination of such a SC source with a custom-built FTIR spectrometer (0.1 cm−1 spectral resolution) allows detection of various gases with high spectral resolution. We demonstrate its potential in plasma applications by accurate identification and quantification of a variety of reaction products (e.g. nitrogen oxides and carbon oxides) under low-pressure conditions, including the molecular species with overlapping absorbance features (e.g. acetone, acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, etc.).
Mapping of the mechanical response in Si/SiGe nanosheet device geometries
Authors: Murray Conal E. , Yan Hanfei , Lavoie Christian , Jordan-Sweet Jean , Pattammattel Ajith , Reuter Kathleen , Hasanuzzaman Mohammad , Lanzillo Nicholas , Robison Robert , Loubet Nicolas
Published: June 2022

The performance of next-generation, nanoelectronic devices relies on a precise understanding of strain within the constituent materials. However, the increased flexibility inherent to these three-dimensional device geometries necessitates direct measurement of their deformation. Here we report synchrotron x-ray diffraction-based non-destructive nanoscale mapping of Si/SiGe nanosheets for gate-all-around structures. We identified two competing mechanisms at different length scales contributing to the deformation. One is consistent with the in-plane elastic relaxation due to the Ge lattice mismatch with the surrounding Si. The second is associated with the out-of-plane layering of the Si and SiGe regions at a length scale of film thickness. Complementary mechanical modeling corroborated the qualitative aspects of the deformation profiles observed across a variety of nanosheet sample widths. However, greater deformation is observed in the SiGe layers of the nanosheets than the predicted distributions. These insights could play a role in predicting carrier mobilities of future devices.
Research progress in stable interfacial constructions between composite polymer electrolytes and electrodes
Authors: Pan Jun , Zhao Pei , Wang Nana , Huang Fuqiang , Dou Shixue
Published: June 2022

Recent advances in interfacial constructions between composite polymer electrolytes and electrodes are reviewed. Moreover, the mechanisms of the interfacial contact, ionic migration, and electrochemical reactions between them are highlighted.
Comment on “Realization of the Zn3+ oxidation state” by H. Fang, H. Banjade, Deepika and P. Jena, Nanoscale, 2021, 13, 14041–14048
Authors: Shang Yunlong , Shu Na , Zhang Zhoujie , Yang Pu , Xu Jiawei
Published: June 2022

That ZnBeB11(CN)12 and ZnBeB23(CN)22 clusters have unconventional zinc(iii) atoms is not supported by further studies. Moreover, new insights into the sp2-hybridization of zinc(ii) atoms and the bonding structures of the clusters are presented.
Systematic synthesis of bisected N-glycans and unique recognitions by glycan-binding proteins
Authors: Cao Xuefeng , Wang Shuaishuai , Gadi Madhusudhan Reddy , Liu Ding , Wang Peng G. , Wan Xiu-Feng , Zhang Jian , Chen Xi , Pepi Lauren E. , Azadi Parastoo , Li Lei
Published: June 2022

A library of bisected N-glycans was chemoenzymatically synthesized and used to fabricate a unique bisected/non-bisected glycan microarray. The effect of the bisecting GlcNAc in glycan recognition by glycan-binding proteins was interpreted with this array.
Poly(divinylbenzene) as a fiber coating for headspace solid-phase microextraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from river water
Authors: Li Mengyuan , Ren Xitong , Gao Yanmei , Mu Mengyao , Zhu Shiping , Li Dan , Tian Shufang , Qin Peige , Lu Minghua
Published: June 2022

Poly(divinylbenzene) was prepared and used as a headspace SPME fiber coating with high enrichment ability to extract PAHs from environmental water.
Structure-dependent mechanical properties of self-folded two-dimensional nanomaterials
Authors: Wei Anran , Ye Han , Guo Fenglin
Published: June 2022

A theoretical model is developed to describe the role of folded nanostructures in the overall mechanical properties of self-folded 2D nanomaterial assemblies, with validations by MD simulations.
Nanosecond solvation dynamics of the hematite/liquid water interface at hybrid DFT accuracy using committee neural network potentials
Authors: Schienbein Philipp , Blumberger Jochen
Published: June 2022

We unveil a rich solvation dynamics of water molecules at the hematite/liquid water interface spanning three different time scales. This is made possible through extensive hybrid DFT molecular dynamics simulations, accelerated by machine learning.
Correction: Successive protonation of Lindqvist hexaniobate, [Nb6O19]8−: electronic properties and structural distortions
Authors: Steffler Fernando , Haiduke Roberto L. A.
Published: June 2022

Correction for ‘Successive protonation of Lindqvist hexaniobate, [Nb6O19]8−: electronic properties and structural distortions’ by Fernando Steffler et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2022, 24, 13083–13093, https://doi.org/10.1039/d2cp00607c.
CO2 methanation reaction pathways over unpromoted and NaNO3-promoted Ru/Al2O3 catalysts
Authors: Park Sang Jae , Wang Xiang , Ball Madelyn R. , Proano Laura , Wu Zili , Jones Christopher W.
Published: June 2022

Catalytic CO2 sorbents, materials that adsorb and pre-concentrate CO2 on the catalyst surface prior to subsequent conversion, are becoming important materials in CO2 capture and utilization.
Bichromophoric ruthenium(ii) bis-terpyridine-BODIPY based photosensitizers for cellular imaging and photodynamic therapy
Authors: Paul Subhadeep , Pathak Sanmoy , Sahoo Somarupa , Maji Ram Chandra , Bhattacharyya Utso , Nandi Dipankar , Chakravarty Akhil R.
Published: June 2022

Bichromophoric Ru(ii) bis-terpyridine-BODIPY-based theranostic photosensitizers, developed as alternatives to tetrapyrrolic clinical photosensitizers, are studied for bioimaging and type-I/II photodynamic therapy.
Vertically growing nanowall-like N-doped NiP/NF electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Luo Li , Xu Siran , Yu Xin , Wang Zhe , Li Wenjing , Du Yeshuang , Ruan Min , Wu Qi
Published: June 2022

A unique vertical nanowall-like structure and N doping lead to an excellent electrocatalytic OER and water splitting performance.
Polydatin attenuates chronic alcohol consumption-induced cardiomyopathy through a SIRT6-dependent mechanism
Authors: Yu Li-Ming , Dong Xue , Li Ning , Jiang Hui , Zhao Ji-Kai , Xu Yin-Li , Xu Deng-Yue , Xue Xiao-Dong , Zhou Zi-Jun , Huang Yu-Ting , Zhao Qiu-Sheng , Wang Zhi-Shang , Yin Zong-Tao , Wang Hui-Shan
Published: June 2022

Polydatin attenuates cardiac remodeling and mitochondrial dysfunction in an alcoholic cardiomyopathy modelviaSIRT6 signaling.
Progress in the catalytic reactions of CO2 and epoxides to selectively provide cyclic or polymeric carbonates
Authors: Bhat Gulzar A. , Darensbourg Donald J.
Published: June 2022

This review of the metal- and organo-catalyzed coupling of CO2 and epoxides (oxiranes) to provide selectively cyclic or polymeric carbonates is intended to highlight recent achievements in this area of research.
Noble gas isotope analysis (He to Xe) with an iterative trapping method on a split flight tube mass spectrometer
Authors: Zuo Ende , Lapp Anthony , St-Jean Gilles , Graham Taylor , Cornejo Hugo , Clark Ian
Published: June 2022

Helium peak changes before and after inversed tuning protocol.
N-1,2,3-Triazole–isatin derivatives: anti-proliferation effects and target identification in solid tumour cell lines
Authors: Busto Natalia , Leitão-Castro Joana , García-Sosa Alfonso T. , Cadete Francisco , Marques Carolina S. , Freitas Renata , Burke Anthony J.
Published: June 2022

Molecular hybridization approaches have become an important strategy in medicinal chemistry, we have developed a series of novel N-1,2,3-triazole–isatin hybrids that are promising anti-proliferation agents for lung, colon and breast tumours.
Single atomic Fe–N4 active sites and neighboring graphitic nitrogen for efficient and stable electrochemical CO2 reduction
Authors: Takele Menisa Leta , Cheng Ping , Qiu Xueying , Zheng Yonglong , Huang Xuewei , Gao Yan , Tang Zhiyong
Published: June 2022

Single atomic Fe–Nx moieties have shown great performance in CO2-to-CO conversion.
Squeezing indium arsenide single crystal to ultrafine nanostructured compact bulk
Authors: Li Shuaiqi , Li Xin , Yuan Qin , Zhang Jiawei , Guan Shixue , Wang Junpu , He Duanwei
Published: June 2022

A systematic study combined DAC and LVP to obtain nanostructured InAs compact bulk using reciprocating pressure-induced phase transition (RPPT), a new approach to synthesize nanostructured bulk materials with clean GBs interfaces.
Reply to the ‘Comment on “Realization of the Zn3+ oxidation state”’ by Y. Shang, N. Shu, Z. Zhang, P. Yang and J. Xu, Nanoscale, 2022, 14, DOI: 10.1039/D1NR07031B
Authors: Fang H. , Banjade H. , Deepika  , Jena P.
Published: June 2022

Realizing the Zn3+ oxidation state by interaction with super-electrophilic clusters that are stable gas-phase trianions in their ground states.
Ultrathin Ti-doped WO3nanosheets realizing selective photoreduction of CO2to CH3OH
Authors: Ling Peiquan , Zhu Juncheng , Wang Zhiqiang , Hu Jun , Zhu Junfa , Yan Wensheng , Sun Yongfu , Xie Yi
Published: June 2022

Doping Ti atoms into ultrathin WO3nanosheets can enhance the separation of photogenerated carriers and facilitate charge transfer, which is beneficial for CO2activation and COOH* formation, thus promoting the formation of CH3OH.
Macrocyclization efficiency for poly(2-oxazoline)s and poly(2-oxazine)s
Authors: Huettner Nick , Goldmann Anja S. , Hoogenboom Richard , Dargaville Tim R.
Published: June 2022

Poly(2-oxazine)s show higher tendency to undergo macrocyclization compared to poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline)s, increasing scale-up potential and applicability of these cyclic polymers.
Synthesis and derivatization of epoxy-functional sterically-stabilized diblock copolymer spheres in non-polar media: does the spatial location of the epoxy groups matter?
Authors: György Csilla , Smith Timothy , Growney David J. , Armes Steven P.
Published: June 2022

Epoxy-functional sterically-stabilized diblock copolymer nanoparticles are prepared via PISA in mineral oil and then derivatized using various reagents and reaction conditions.
Molecular engineering of g-C3N4 with spatial charge separation for enhancing photocatalytic performances
Authors: Guo Mingrui , Chen Meng , Xu Jixiang , Wang Jing , Wang Lei
Published: June 2022

Site-selective coupling of benzene and eosin Y into carbon-deficient g-C3N4 was performed with spatially separated charge carriers and enhanced photocatalytic performances.
Co-catalysis of trace dissolved Fe(iii) with biochar in hydrogen peroxide activation for enhanced oxidation of pollutants
Authors: Feng Dongqing , Shou Jianxin , Guo Sen , Ya Mengna , Li Jianfa , Dong Huaping , Li Yimin
Published: June 2022

The yield of ˙OH and oxidation of pollutants by biochar/H2O2 were enhanced dramatically by trace dissolved Fe(iii).
Polyaniline inside the pores of high surface area mesoporous silicon as composite electrode material for supercapacitors
Authors: Nawaz Saima , Khan Yaqoob , Abdelmohsen Shaimaa A. M. , Khalid Sadia , Björk Emma M. , Rasheed Muhammad Asim , Siddiq M.
Published: June 2022

Magnesiothermic reduction was used to reduce mesoporous silica to mesoporous silicon which can host a variety of materials such as polyaniline and has potential to be used in supercapacitors.
Temperature-responsive Pickering high internal phase emulsions for recyclable efficient interfacial biocatalysis
Authors: Wang Chao , Chi Hui , Zhang Fan , Wang Xinyue , Wang Jiarui , Zhang Hao , Liu Ying , Huang Xiaona , Bai Yungang , Xu Kun , Wang Pixin
Published: June 2022

The thermoresponsive Pickering high internal phase emulsions stabilized by starch particles as controllable scaffolds for efficient biocatalysis, which simplified the separation and reuse processes and significantly improved the catalytic efficiency.
Catalytic defluorinative ketyl–olefin coupling by halogen-atom transfer
Authors: Bellotti Peter , Huang Huan-Ming , Faber Teresa , Laskar Ranjini , Glorius Frank
Published: June 2022

A catalytic ketyl–olefin coupling reaction including sequentially orchestrated Lewis acid activation, halogen-atom transfer, radical addition, single-electron reduction and β-fluoro elimination has been developed.
Sb2S3 solar cells with a cost-effective and dopant-free fluorene-based enamine as a hole transport material
Authors: Juneja Nimish , Mandati Sreekanth , Katerski Atanas , Spalatu Nicolae , Daskeviciute-Geguziene Sarune , Vembris Aivars , Karazhanov Smagul , Getautis Vytautas , Krunks Malle , Oja Acik Ilona
Published: June 2022

A cost-effective dopant-free fluorene-based enamine as a hole transport material for semi-transparent Sb2S3 solar cells is successfully demonstrated.
Improved water oxidation activity of a Sillén SrBi3O4Cl3 photocatalyst by flux method with an appropriate binary-component molten salt
Authors: Ishii Yusuke , Suzuki Hajime , Ogawa Kanta , Tomita Osamu , Saeki Akinori , Abe Ryu
Published: June 2022

A Sillén SrBi3O4Cl3 is synthesized in pure and high-crystallinity form via a flux method with an appropriate molten salt, which leads to a higher photocatalytic activity than that of SrBi3O4Cl3 prepared by a conventional solid-state reaction method.
Modeling the assembly of oppositely charged multi-indented lock- and key-colloids
Authors: Stenqvist Björn , Crassous Jérôme J.
Published: June 2022

The interactions between oppositely charged multi-indented lock- and spherical key-particles are investigated by means of Monte Carlo simulations at low volume fractions.
Trade-off mechanism of honey bee sucking and lapping
Authors: Wei Jiangkun , Brau Fabian , Damman Pascal , Draux Ayrton , Hua Hoa-Ai Béatrice , Wu Zhigang , Wu Jianing
Published: June 2022

Honey bees Apis mellifera that capture nectar with their tongue, can deliberately switch between sucking and lapping methods.
Tough ion gels composed of coordinatively crosslinked polymer networks using ZIF-8 nanoparticles as multifunctional crosslinkers
Authors: Kamio Eiji , Minakata Masayuki , Nakamura Hinako , Matsuoka Atsushi , Matsuyama Hideto
Published: June 2022

Through reversible coordination bond formation with a polymer network, ZIF-8 nanoparticles act as a healable multi-functional crosslinker to give high mechanical strength to an ion gel.
A boosting carrier transfer passivation layer for achieving efficient perovskite solar cells
Authors: Xi Jiahao , Yuan Jifeng , Du Jiuyao , Yan Xiaoqin , Tian Jianjun
Published: June 2022

A novel solution containing CH3O-PEAI and F4-TCNQ was prepared to boost hole transfer and collection in perovskite films by passivating surface traps and modifying the energy band structure, thus achieving a high efficiency of 21.57%.
A PFC converter topology based on active power decoupling circuit with asymmetric small split capacitors
Authors: Zhang Chao
Published: June 2022

A novel active power decoupling converter (APDC) applied in power factor correction (PFC) converter is proposed, which overcomes the problem that the DC‐link voltage ripple of small capacitor PFC converters depend heavily on the consistency of capacitors. The proposed APDC consists of a boost circuit and a pulsating power buffer circuit, and the DC link is composed of two asymmetric film split capacitors connected in series. The former controls the grid quality, and the latter controls voltages complementary to suppress the DC‐link voltage ripple. Experiments verify the effectiveness of the proposed PFC converter.
CEFusion: Multi‐Modal medical image fusion via cross encoder
Authors: Zhu Ya , Wang Xue , Chen Luping , Nie Rencan
Published: June 2022

Most existing deep learning‐based multi‐modal medical image fusion (MMIF) methods utilize single‐branch feature extraction strategies to achieve good fusion performance. However, for MMIF tasks, it is thought that this structure cuts off the internal connections between source images, resulting in information redundancy and degradation of fusion performance. To this end, this paper proposes a novel unsupervised network, termed CEFusion. Different from existing architecture, a cross‐encoder is designed by exploiting the complementary properties between the original image to refine source features through feature interaction and reuse. Furthermore, to force the network to learn complementary information between source images and generate the fused image with high contrast and rich textures, a hybrid loss is proposed consisting of weighted fidelity and gradient losses. Specifically, the weighted fidelity loss can not only force the fusion results to approximate the source images but also effectively preserve the luminance information of the source image through weight estimation, while the gradient loss preserves the texture information of the source image. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the method over the state‐of‐the‐art in terms of subjective visual effect and quantitative metrics in various datasets.
Preventive effect of silver nanowires (Ag NWs) on oral implant repair infection
Authors: Shan Xian‐Feng , Zhang Shu‐Tong , Qi Zhen‐Wei , Guan Qing‐Hua , Xu Wei‐Wei , Yi He‐Nan
Published: June 2022

The silver nanowires with different morphology and size have been synthesised via the one‐step solvothermal synthesis method. Three as‐synthesised samples 1–3 with different size have been obtained by changing the crystallisation time of the silver wire. The synthesised strategies for 1–3 provide us with new synthesised methods in designing and obtaining the silver nanowires with desired morphology. For the treatment of oral implant repair infection, the biological activity of silver nanowires 1–3 was evaluated, and the related mechanism was discussed at the same time. Firstly, the CFU assay was conducted to measure the inhibitory activity of silver nanowires 1–3 on the survival of Porphyromonas periodontium. Then, the real time RT‐PCR assay was performed and the relative expression of Porphyromonas periodontium survival gene expression was measured after silver nanowires 1–3 treatment. The CCK‐8 assay was conducted to measure the toxicity of the silver nanowires 1–3.
The high‐efficiency co‐design and the measurement verification of high‐bandwidth silicon photonic microring modulator
Authors: Wu Yue , He Huimin , Cao Rui , Liu Fengman
Published: June 2022

The microring modulator (MRM) is a small‐size and low‐power component, which is the potential for the next‐generation optical interconnection. By the theoretical analysis, increasing the electrical bandwidth, which is relevant to the cross section and the doping concentration of the doping region, is a better way to increase electro‐optical (EO) bandwidth. Therefore, a new doping profile of the PN depletion region with 4 doping concentration levels is introduced considering the electrical bandwidth. Based on the new doping profile, the MRM with the 160 μm length and the 0.33 and 0.2 μm coupling space are determined considering the trade‐off between the EO bandwidth, quality factor (Q), extinction ratio, area of MRM, and power consumption. Moreover, the MRM is characterised and is applied in a wavelength division multiplexing transmitter. By the measurement, the transmitter with the designed MRM could transmit PAM4 signal at 52 Gbps rate, which indicates the MRM could be potential for the 50 Gbps/ch optical interconnection.
Generalised model predictive controller design for A DC–DC non‐inverting buck–boost converter optimised with a novel identification technique
Authors: Ghamari Seyyed Morteza , Khavari Fatemeh , Molaee Hasan , Wheeler Patrick
Published: June 2022

An on‐line generalised model predictive control (GMPC) strategy is designed and optimised with a novel identification procedure in the presence of different disturbances. The principle of MPC is utilising a discrete‐time model of a system to reach the control variables with a prediction over these values, which is followed by computing a cost function for the control aims. Non‐inverting buck–boost converter is a non‐minimum phase system based on its boost mode, which makes a challenging condition for designing a stable controller. The proposed control technique described in this paper removes the requirement for a system mathematical model adopting a black‐box identification method which can decrease the computational burden. Numerous harmful disturbances can affect a DC–DC converter; thus, the GMPC scheme is used along with a novel improved exponential regressive least identification algorithm as an adaptive strategy for the controller to optimise the gains of the controller in an on‐line way resulting in better disturbance rejection. A PID controller with particle swarm optimisation algorithm is designed for this converter to be compared with the GMPC controller. Finally, the efficiency of the GMPC is verified in various performances with experimental and simulation results.
Control scheme to extend lifetime of BESS for assisting wind farm to track power generation plan based on wind power feature extraction
Authors: Yu Yang , Chen Dongyang , Wang Boxiao , Wu Yuwei , Lu Wentao , Mi Zengqiang
Published: June 2022

In allusion to the issues of high loss of lifetime and neglecting scheduling potential, a control scheme to extend BESS lifetime for assisting wind farm to track power generation plan based on wind power feature extraction through improved whale optimization algorithm (IWOA) optimized swing door trending (IWOA‐SDT) is proposed. Firstly, an IWOA is designed to optimize the compression offset of the swing door trending algorithm. The preliminary wind power feature is extracted by IWOA‐SDT and is further corrected with actual output of wind power to acquire the corrected wind power feature. Secondly, BESS is divided into two groups and the second battery group is subdivided into three battery clusters, and their capacities are configured by the deviation between preliminary feature and forecasted power. The grouping state of battery units is dynamically adjusted based on devised dynamic grouping method at the corresponding time of corrected wind power feature. The power coordinative allocation approach of the two battery groups is designed. A power coordinative allocation strategy for battery groups is devised to obtain the power regulation signals of two battery groups. The power allocation in battery units of the first group is calculated by the number of the units, and the double‐layer power allocation in battery units of the second group coordinated with multiple rules is devised. Finally, the proposed control scheme is implemented in a wind farm to track the power generation plan, and the results show that the wind farm with BESS can accurately track the power generation plan, the service life of BESS is significantly extended and the scheduling potential is sufficient for the next period.
Social welfare improvement using market clearing mechanism of a wind farm‐CAES hybrid congested transmission system
Authors: Das Shreya Shree , Dawn Subhojit , Gope Sadhan , Alhelou Hassan Haes
Published: June 2022

The goal of any well‐established deregulated power sector is to satisfy their customer by delivering the power with maintaining the best quality at a reasonable price. This paper presents the impression of the wind farm (WF) and compressed air energy storage (CAES) hybrid systems in the congested deregulated power system. The main motto of this work is to enhance social welfare by using a market‐clearing mechanism of the WFCAES hybrid system. To determine the effect of the hybrid system, initially the market‐clearing power (MCPO) problem is measured without considering the WF‐CAES hybrid system, and then the same work has been carried out with considering the WF‐CAES hybrid system. The bus sensitivity factor (BSF) decides the optimal position of the WF‐CAES hybrid system in the congested day‐ahead electrical system. The study is followed out through generator sensitivity factor (GSF) with the application of artificial bee colony algorithm (ABC) and slime mould algorithm (SMA) to calculate optimal market clearing price (MCP) and market clearing volume (MCV). The market‐clearing power problem has been solved in a modified IEEE‐30 bus test system. The SMA algorithm is been implemented in the market‐clearing mechanism for the first time which is the novelty of this paper.
New classes inference, few‐shot learning and continual learning for radar signal recognition
Authors: Luo Jiaji , Si Weijian , Deng Zhian
Published: June 2022

Automatic radar modulation recognition plays a significant role in both civilian and military applications. With the rapid development of deep learning, convolutional neural networks have achieved demonstrated success in radar signal recognition. However, the convolutional neural networks usually only recognise trained classes, and when the dataset changes, the networks need to be retrained. However, in actual radar signal recognition applications, the model usually needs to predict new radar signals, and the size of the training set will continue to accumulate. Therefore, few‐shot learning and rapid training on dynamic datasets become crucial. In this study, a lifelong learning system based on imprint few‐shot learning and Net2Net knowledge transfer for radar signal recognition is proposed. The proposed algorithm adapts to the constant changes of the dataset, which can achieve new classes inference, few‐shot learning, and knowledge transfer. The model is trained on the dataset containing 8 types of radar signals and achieves high recognition accuracy in the test dataset containing 12 types of radar signals. The recognition accuracy of the proposed algorithm achieves 91.8% at −2 dB. In addition, Net2Net knowledge transfer can improve the training efficiency on new datasets avoiding training from scratch.
Exoplanet Atmosphere Retrievals in 3D Using Phase Curve Data with ARCiS: Application to WASP-43b
Authors: Chubb Katy L. , Min Michiel
Published: June 2022

Aims. Our goal is to create a retrieval framework which encapsulates the three-dimensional (3D) nature of exoplanet atmospheres, and to apply it to observed emission phase curve and transmission spectra of the ‘hot Jupiter’ exoplanet WASP-43b.

Methods. We present our 3D framework, which is freely available as a stand-alone module from GitHub. We use the atmospheric modelling and Bayesian retrieval package ARCiS (ARtful modelling Code for exoplanet Science) to perform a series of eight 3D retrievals on simultaneous transmission (HST/WFC3) and phase-dependent emission (HST/WFC3 and Spitzer/IRAC) observations of WASP-43b as a case study. Via these retrieval setups, we assess how input assumptions affect our retrieval outcomes. In particular we look at constraining equilibrium chemistry vs. a free molecular retrieval, the case of no clouds vs. parametrised clouds, and using Spitzer phase data that have been reduced from two different literature sources. For the free chemistry retrievals, we retrieve abundances of H2O, CH4, CO, CO2, AlO, and NH3 as a function of phase, with many more species considered for the equilibrium chemistry retrievals.

Results. We find consistent super-solar C/O (0.6–0.9) and super-solar metallicities (1.7–2.9 dex) for all retrieval setups that assume equilibrium chemistry. We find that atmospheric heat distribution, hotspot shift (≈15.6° vs. 4.5° for the different Spitzer datasets), and temperature structure are very influenced by the choice of Spitzer emission phase data. We see some trends in molecular abundances as a function of phase, in particular for CH4 and H2O. Comparisons are made with other studies of WASP-43b, including global climate model (GCM) simulations, available in the literature.

Conclusions. The parametrised 3D setup we have developed provides a valuable tool to analyse extensive observational datasets such as spectroscopic phase curves. We conclude that further near-future observations with missions such as the James Webb Space Telescope and Ariel will greatly improve our understanding of the atmospheres of exoplanets such as WASP-43b. This is particularly evident from the effect that the current phase-dependent Spitzer emission data has on retrieved atmospheres.