bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patient Satisfaction with Health Services at the Emergency Center of the University Clinic in Prishtina
Authors: Demjaha Genc , Demjaha Nora Kursani , Demjaha Rina
Published: December 2022

Purpose: Safety is a fundamental principle in patient care as well as a key component of quality management of health services. Improving patient safety requires constant energy, including all individuals who have direct or indirect contact with the patient. This means enhancing the approach towards the patient, modifying the workplace, improving the performance of the staff and redesigning systems with the aim of reducing patient risk.

This approach involves almost all disciplines and actors, therefore, a complex approach in identifying the gaps, new policy making and policy implementation strategies by the health service providers and the relevant institutions were investigated for this study.

Research method: In this prospective study, two questionnaires were compiled: one was designed to address patients seeking health services at the Emergency Center in Prishtina, whereas the second questionnaire was designed for the Emergency Center staff in order to identify the relationship between employees, management staff and error reporting problems. A nurse and a resident doctor in the Emergency Center who worked in shifts were engaged for this purpose in order to survey patients in different parts of the day for 24 hours.

Results: The results of this study show that most of the patients who come to the Emergency Center are transported either by family members or by a bystander. These patients can suffer many unintentional injuries from inadequate and unprofessional transportation. Moreover, multiple visits coming directly from the accident site or from home indicate that there are problems with the referral system from Primary Health Care (PHC) levels. In addition, numerous injuries to the head region indicate a need for treatment by a dentist who is specialized in head and neck medicine.

Conclusions: There is a need to reorganize the working hours for the employees of the Emergency Center. Increasing the capacity of the primary health care level would reduce the burden of the Emergency Center from the interventions, which can be easily addressed at lower levels. Ongoing professional training as well as trainings focused on stress management, time pressure control, and the relationship between health care providers would significantly improve the level of patient safety in the Emergency Center.
Multilingualism in Sao Tomé and Principe: Use of Subtitling Approach
Authors: Montroy Maria
Published: December 2022

Sao Tome and Principe (STP) is a developing country where several languages coexist, although only one of them, Portuguese, serves as the official language. The rest of the languages are limited to private use and many of them are at risk of disappearing. As a pilot experiment to find formulas for the preservation of these languages, this work takes Forro Creole as a reference. Forro is no longer transmitted from parents to children, nor is it studied in schools, and it is mainly the elderly who maintain it. At the same time, elders form a social group that suffers abandonment and discrimination from their community. In this context, we wondered whether subtitling would be useful to preserve and promote Forro Creole and to contribute to the integration of the elderly into society; what the linguistic perceptions of Forro-speaking elderly and non-elderly Santomeans are; and, finally, what experts in International Cooperation (IC), Audiovisual Translation (TAV) and Linguistic Cooperation (LC) think of the possibilities of subtitling in this area. The results show the participants’ perception of Forro, the situation of elders and subtitling, and lead to a final proposal: the recording of videos in Forro, subtitled in Portuguese and aimed at children whose protagonists would be elders who would encourage Forro learning and the ancestral culture through stories or songs that could be screened in schools or in the communities as a mobile cinema.
Students’ Linguistic Attitude Towards Language Mistakes/Errors in Learning and Using a Foreign Language
Authors: Laiveniece Diāna , Lauze Linda
Published: December 2022

As the intensity of communication increases, the number of language mistakes/errors increases. Nowadays, the acquisition and use of a foreign language often takes place in parallel, and language mistakes/errors are a natural part of this process but this does not mean that they must be tolerated. The study is based on the results of a sociolinguistic survey obtained in 2018 and 2019. 253 students of four Universities and specialties, as well as different study levels from Liepāja, Ventspils and Rīga participated in the survey anonymously. Most of the respondents indicated that Latvian was their mother tongue; for a small number of participants, it was a second language or a foreign language. The surveyed students also differed in the type and number of foreign languages acquired. The present paper is the second part of a wider study (see the results of the first stage of the research by Laiveniece and Lauze, 2020). The aim of this paper is to characterize students’ linguistic attitude towards language errors in learning and using a foreign language: how to evaluate errors, whether errors are generally permissible, what affects them, and how to eliminate them. In the course of the research, an assumption emerged: the more foreign languages are learned, the more tolerant the linguistic attitude is towards mistakes/errors that are made when speaking a foreign language. However, the analysis of the questionnaire findings did not confirm this. Most of the respondents attributed errors to the language learning process. Whether or not errors were made when speaking a foreign language was determined by the situation and purpose of the communication, as well as the level of language acquisition.
O sub-registro de nascimento no Brasil: crise de cidadania e direitos
Authors: Mangini de Paula Machado Bruno , Coser Bitti Lohanna
Published: December 2022

O primeiro ato cívico na vida de um ser humano é o seu registro de nascimento perante o Oficial de Registro Civil das Pessoas Naturais, que exerce sua delegação após aprovação em concurso público de provas e títulos. É por meio deste obrigatório ato que a sociedade e o Estado passam a ter conhecimento da existência de uma pessoa, e, dessa maneira, é a partir desse momento que é possível pleitear direitos inerentes à cidadania, prestações básicas e serviços sociais elementares fornecidos pelo Estado. No entanto, nada obstante a meta do governo brasileiro para sua erradicação, o registro tardio e o sub-registro são ainda uma realidade no Brasil, sobretudo nas camadas da população mais pobres e também em localidades rurais, havendo brasileiros que sequer são conhecidos do Estado, impedidos, assim, de exercer quaisquer dos seus direitos básicos enquanto cidadãos, inclusive e especialmente o direito ao voto e de ser votado, não participando nem direta e nem indiretamente da democracia, que por tal motivo encontra-se abalada, traduzindo-se naquilo que se denomina de “democracia zumbi”.
Penjaja dan Wisata: Pedagang Kaki Lima di Pantai Padang, 2014-2019
Authors: Ayu Surinanda Siti , May Eni
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini mengkaji kehidupan penjaja kaki lima di objek wisata Pantai Padang, Sumatera Barat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan dampak wisata Kota Padang terhadap kehidupan para penjaja kaki lima sebelum Covid-19. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode sejarah yang terdiri dari empat tahap; tahap pertama, pengumpulan data, kedua, tinjauan eksternal dan internal, interpretasi, dan penulisan hasil penelitian. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan sejarah lisan untuk mewawancarai orang-orang yang terkait dengan topik penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa potensi wisata Pantai Padang terkait erat dengan pengelolaan para penjaja kaki lima yang menjadi pendukung utama kepariwisataan.

Kata kunci: penjaja, Pantai Padang, wisata, covid-19, wawancara
Correction of all deformities in a single planned session with the application of a spider frame fixator
Authors:   PROF. DR. CEMIL TAŞÇIOĞLU CITY HOSPITAL, DEPARTMENT OF ORTHOPEDICS AND TRAUMATOLOGY, İSTANBUL, TURKEY, Saygılı Mehmet
Published: December 2022

Objectives. This study aimed to demonstrate the simultaneous correction of all deformities with the Spider Frame computer-assisted external fixation system, to determine the characteristics of the application technique, and to evaluate its effectiveness, complications and results. Materials and Methods. The evaluation was performed on 22 patients treated with a spider frame between 2012 and 2014. The lengthening amount, union status and bone angles were evaluated radiologically on the pre and postoperative orthoroentgenograms. In the preoperative evaluation, the Paley difficulty scale was used; the postoperative bone and functional results were evaluated according to the Paley criteria. The external fixator index and distraction index were evaluated. Results. The mean score of the Paley difficulty scale applied preoperatively, was 4.5 (range, 1-10). The mean duration of the fixator was 199 days (range, 104-300 days). The mean external fixator index was 105.3 day/cm (range, 38-300 day/cm). The mean distraction index was 11.4 day/cm (range, 7-22 day/cm). According to the Paley criteria, excellent and good results were obtained in 75% and moderate results in 25% of cases involving the femur. In the tibia cases, excellent and good functional results were obtained in 83.3% and excellent and good bone results in 91.6% patients. Conclusion. In cases of deformity, acute fracture and nonunion, the computer-assisted external fixator system (spider frame® ) without any modification provides single-stage correction by allowing postoperative intervention to the deformity. It is a new generation external fixator system which has shown successful functional results, and can therefore be considered for use.
A study on the role of proliferative index marker Ki67 in breast carcinoma
Authors:   A J INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, DEPARTMENT OF GENERAL SURGERY, MANGALORE, KARNATAKA, INDIA, Vikram Vijetha , Solabannavar Vinay
Published: December 2022

Background. Breast cancer is the most common malignancy and the leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. This study was conducted to establish early diagnosis and therapy, thus improving prognosis and overall survival rate. Objectives. To assess the levels of proliferation index marker Ki67 and hormone receptor status in patients with breast carcinoma and to correlate Ki67 with ER, PR, Her2neu status, as well as to correlate Ki67 and hormone receptor status with onco-pathological parameters. Materials and Methods. 392 patients diagnosed with breast carcinoma over a period of four years were included in the study. Data regarding patient’s identification, history, clinical finding, investigations and histopathological report were recorded in a specific proforma. Result. Breast cancer was seen to affect people in the older age group, and invasive ductal carcinoma of nonspecific type was the most common type. Most patients had unifocal tumor with grade 2 disease. Stage II disease was most common stage among the patients studied and Luminal B subtype was the predominant type of molecular subtype. Most of the patients were Ki67 positive, i.e., Ki67 >14%. The correlation of Ki67 with estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, tumor size, mitotic count, lymph node ratio, lymphovascular invasion and extra-nodal extension was found to be statistically significant. Conclusions. There exists a statistically significant, positive correlation between breast cancers, its onco-pathological parameters, proliferation index marker Ki67 and hormone receptor status. Therefore, the judicious use of these tests (Ki67 is an old marker of proliferation but not routinely used) will help in the early appropriate treatment of patients and contribute to the assessment of treatment response and prognosis.
Trichoblastic carcinoma of the penile shaft: A case report of a rare condition
Authors:   SALAH AZAIEZ INSTITUTE OF ONCOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY, TUNIS, TUNISIA, Takoua Chalouati , Montassar Ghalleb , Yasmine Fertani , Ali Ayadi , Imen Abbes , Radhi Ben , Riadh Chargui , Khaled Rahal
Published: December 2022

Trichoblastic carcinoma is a sporadic malignant tumor. It usually arises in the scalp, trunk, and extremities. However, its occurrence in the base of the penis is highly uncommon. To our knowledge, there were no similar cases reported in the literature. Case Presentation. A 65-year-old Tunisian man with no significant medical history consulted our department with a 10 cm ulcerative lesion on the base of the penis. The lesion biopsy was concordant with the diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma. The patient underwent a wide local excision. The tissue defect was reconstructed by an anterolateral pedicled flap of the thigh. The final histopathology report was concordant with the diagnosis of a trichoblastic carcinoma. Conclusion. There is no treatment consensus due to the few reported cases of trichoblastic carcinoma in the literature. Surgical excision with free margins remains the cornerstone of the treatment.
Multifactorial study of the relationship between fear of childbirth and mode of delivery
Authors:   PHD, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, KIRSEHIR AHI EVRAN UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF BIOSTATISTICS AND MEDICAL INFORMATICS, KIRSEHIR, TURKEY, Konar Naime , Dagli Selda
Published: December 2022

Objective. This study investigated the relationship between fear of childbirth (FOC) and mode of delivery and proposed a cut-off value of FOC for an unselected Turkish pregnant population. Materials and Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted between March 2019 and February 2020 at Kirsehir Ahi Evran University Obstetrics and Gynecology Polyclinic. The Wijma Delivery Expectancy (WDEQ-A) Scale and General Information Form were used for data collection. Results. Social-media effect, concern for disorder in baby, education level, and fear of vaginal bleeding were significant risk factors for the study groups. A new cut-off value of FOC was proposed based on the distribution of FOC scores as 69 (fourth quartile) for an unselected Turkish pregnant population. Conclusions. Training programs regarding delivery and pregnancy processes were recommended to be organized to reduce FOC. Moreover, the newly proposed cut-off value of FOC was recommended to be utilized in clinics.
Bifemoral hernias concurrent with direct and indirect inguinal hernias in a single patient; A case report
Authors: Torabi Hossein , Shirini Kasra , Ghaffari Rona
Published: December 2022

Bilateral femoral and inguinal hernias are a rare co-occurrence related to abdominal wall pathology, and can lead to various complications such as incarceration, strangulation and high postoperative recurrence. This article presents a patient who complained of bilateral pain and pseudotumoral formations of the inguinal areas, being diagnosed during surgical intervention with bilateral femoral hernias in association with bilateral (direct and indirect) inguinal hernias. Generally, the laparoscopic method is reported to have several advantages, such as less postoperative pain, fewer postoperative infections, and rapid return to daily activities. In the presented case, the surgical team performed an open/Lichtenstein operation, due to the patient's age, shorter operating time, lower likelihood of recurrence and postoperative complications, as well as low cost. Considering the significant morbidity/mortality rates of multiple and complicated hernias, it is necessary that an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment be instituted as early as possible.
A descriptive study of benign lesions of the larynx; therapeutic management and outcomes
Authors:   ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DEPARTMENT OF ENT, GANDHI MEDICAL COLLEGE/ HOSPITAL, MUSHEERABAD, TELANGANA, INDIA, Ambati Ratna , Kumar Bomma , Anusha Dasareddy , Babu Shoban
Published: December 2022

Introduction. Papilloma is more common among neoplastic lesions, and vocal cord polyps are more common among nonneoplastic lesions. The objective of this study is to investigate the epidemiological factors, clinical features, etiopathogenesis and management methods of benign lesions of the larynx. Materials and Methods. It is a prospective study on 40 benign lesions of the larynx, in a tertiary referral medical period of 18 months (from March 2018 to October 2019). Detailed history and ENT examination as well as relevant investigations were performed. Results. Vocal cords were involved in 92.5% of cases, and both supraglottis in 7.5% of cases. Vocal cord polyp lesions were more common than papilloma lesions. Preoperative conservative voice therapy was recommended, and 70% of cases showed improvement. Coblation assisted laryngeal surgery and excision was performed in 1 case, while 11 cases were treated by microlaryngeal surgery. Voice rest and voice therapy was given to all post operative cases. Follow-up ranged from 2 to 18 months, and improvements were seen in 8 cases that were treated by surgery. All cases that underwent conservative treatment improved symptomatically. Conclusions. The most likely causes of treatment failure are due to ongoing predisposing factors such as voice abuse, smoking and alcohol consumption, lack of commitment to voice therapy and non-compliance with recommendations by patients.
Entomofauna del campus de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, sede Bogotá: Parámetros descriptivos de su composición y su abundancia
Authors: Camero Edgar , Murcia-Betancourt Luis Miguel , Zúñiga-Totena Miguel Antonio , García-Marín Sofía
Published: December 2022

Se analizó la composición vertical la entomofauna en tres zonas del campus de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia en Bogotá entre los años 2018 y 2020 con el fin de dar a conocer especialmente a la comunidad en general, de la riqueza faunística en este relicto de zonas verdes dentro del paisaje urbano. Para la recolección de los especímenes, se realizaron muestreos estratificados en zonas con diferentes coberturas vegetales en el campus. La entomofauna recolectada se determinó a nivel de familia, para la cual se establecieron los valores de diversidad de Brillouin (B), dominancia (D) y equitatividad de Simpson (1-D). Se evaluó la eficiencia de los muestreos por medio del estimador Chao-1, se establecieron los modelos de abundancia de los sitios de muestreo para conocer su relación con los valores de diversidad y se determinó el nivel trófico de cada uno de los grupos recolectados. Los resultados muestran que la entomofauna de la Ciudad Universitaria está caracterizada por los bajos valores de diversidad, mayores valores de riqueza y abundancia en los estratos herbáceos y por el predominio de grupos de hábitos fitófagos y polífagos.
An Investigation of Students’ Difficulties in Statistics Learning on Online Based Learning at Universitas Terbuka Taiwan
Authors: Ramadoni Ramadoni , Hafiz Muhammad
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine the students’ difficulties in online learning. Online learning is one solution offered by several parties such as the government, universities, and teachers. However, this has not been fully able to help students understand the statistics well. This study investigates students’ difficulties in terms of topics, learning processes, and assignments. The students have taken statistics courses for one semester. The data collection techniques with open questionnaires via google Forms and online interviews. The number of participants for open questionnaires was 25 students and 6 students were taken to be interviewed. Based on the questionnaires and interviews conducted with students, the results of the study are that students still have difficulty in understanding the material itself because of complicated calculations, complicated formulas, and Unrealistic. While the difficulties of students in online learning are limited time, network problems, explanations and examples of questions are not written in detail in online learning, the strategies used in online learning make some students negligent in learning, and the number of online meetings is still lacking, online learning can be helpful but not maximized. Moreover, students’ difficulties with assignments such as the formula are very much, the book has several errors, students do not understand the stages in solving problems, difficulty in determining the symbols used in the story problem, difficulty in calculating it, difficulty in imagining the application of the formula into real life. The recommendation from this study is the statistics teacher can choose the appropriate learning model for statistics courses.

Keywords: Students’ Difficulties, Statistics Learning, Online Learning
POSSÍVEIS SOLUÇÕES PARA A ILITERACIA DIGITAL EM PLATAFORMAS DE PARTICIPAÇÃO
Authors: Addor Nicolas , Obladen de Almendra Freitas Cinthia
Published: December 2022

Com a disseminação das conhecidas Tecnologias de Comunicação e Informação, a democracia participativa encontra novos alicerces para promover maior protagonismo político para os cidadãos. Dentre elas, as plataformas de participação democrática, em que os cidadãos cadastrados conseguem acompanhar audiências de maneira interativa, propor ideias legislativas e opinar sobre projetos da Administração é o exemplo mais mencionado. Apesar das conquistas, sua aplicação enfrenta desafios, principalmente quando se observa a iliteracia digital. Assim, o artigo apresenta possíveis soluções na elaboração de tais plataformas com o fim de diminuir a barreira de acesso a tais cidadãos. Utilizou-se do método dedutivo, tendo a pesquisa o enfoque descritivo. Apresenta-se três possíveis soluções, que se complementam, para a diminuição dessa barreira: utilização de nudges, aplicação dos princípios da usabilidade e a busca por eficiência e maior representatividade. Conclui-se que a inclusão desses cidadãos pode ser superada com simples modificações na elaboração e gerenciamento das plataformas digitais.
FEMINICÍDIO
Authors: Rabelo Luciana do Amaral , De Azambuja Fernanda Proença , De Arruda Rejane Alves
Published: December 2022

O presente artigo tem a finalidade de investigar a partir dos delitos de feminicídio ocorridos através da história, sobre a motivações de tais delitos, e se eles podem ser considerados como atribuídos à cultura de determinado local. Analisa as possíveis causas da perpetuação do crime de feminicídio no tempo, com a verificação do conceito de feminicídio, as causas culturais, mídia e os documentos internacionais que orientam a devida diligência do Estado. Para tanto, utiliza a pesquisa de cunho hipotético-dedutivo, com os tipos de pesquisa bibliográfico e documental.
A POLÍTICA PÚBLICA NEOLIBERAL EM DESFAVOR DOS CONSELHOS PROFISSIONAIS
Authors: Clark Giovani , Eva Mário Diogenes Garrido
Published: December 2022

Este estudo tem como objetivo principal a análise da política pública neoliberal de austeridade aplicada aos conselhos de fiscalização profissional, considerando as inúmeras tentativas dos Poderes Executivo e Legislativo na desconstrução de sua personalidade jurídica e na possibilidade de esvaziamento de suas atividades fiscalizatórias. Serão apresentadas considerações à PEC nº 108/2019 e aos projetos de lei criados para enfraquecer a arrecadação das entidades de fiscalização profissional e retirar a obrigatoriedade de inscrição nas entidades, colocando em risco à sociedade pela ausência de controle estatal na regulação profissional. Com o exemplo de políticas públicas executadas pelos Conselhos Regionais de Biblioteconomia, Enfermagem e de Engenharia de Minas Gerais, vislumbra-se a importância dessas autarquias para a defesa dos direitos sociais e econômicos preconizados pela Constituição Federal de 1988.
A POLÍTICA, OS ATORES E O DESENHO INSTITUCIONAL - A POLÍTICA PÚBLICA DE DEFESA DA CRIANÇA E DO ADOLESCENTE E SUA RECONFIGURAÇÃO INSTITUCIONAL A PARTIR DOS ATORES SOCIAIS LOCAIS.
Authors: Santos Antonio Nacilio Sousa dos , Gussi Alcides Fernando
Published: December 2022

O artigo tem por objetivo trazer a participação dos atores sociais na modificação do desenho institucional da política pública de defesa dos direitos e deveres das crianças e dos adolescentes (ECA/90) a partir de uma experiência localizada, isto é, de um estudo de caso. Partimos da seguinte indagação: como os elementos locais mobilizam as ações dos atores sociais de modo a incidir modificações no desenho institucional da política? Para isso, fazemos uso da obtenção de dados empíricos, principalmente através de entrevistas abertas, utilizando a observação direta com os conselheiros tutelares do Conselho Tutelar (CT) do município de Horizonte, Estado do Ceará. Metodologicamente, aplicamos a explanação correlacional, exploratória e bibliográfica. Para a análise teórica, usamos o conceito de encaixe (Lavalle; Carlos; Dowbor e Szwako, 2018) para entender as ações dos atores sociais tutelares. O resultado dos dados nos permite afirmar que o Conselho Tutelar, quase invisibilizado por pesquisas de Instituições Participativas (IPs) no Brasil, sofre forte interferências dos elementos locais a ponto de reconfigurar os princípios basilares que caracterizam a política.
JUSTIÇA CONSTITUCIONAL ENTRE O PASSADO E O PRESENTE
Authors: Matsushita Mariana Barboza Baeta Neves , Ishikawa Lauro , Alencar Igor Rafael Carvalho de
Published: December 2022

O presente trabalho analisa o panorama atual da justiça constitucional, especialmente sob o prisma da garantia jurisdicional da Constituição, a partir da verificação de decisões históricas paradigmáticas, análise teórica de Hans Kelsen sobre o tema, debate jurídico travado entre este filósofo e Carl Schmitt em torno do guardião da Constituição e questões atuais atinentes ao exercício do controle de constitucionalidade no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. Com base em metodologia analítico-propositiva da Constituição Federal, do modelo de justiça constitucional desenhado por Hans Kelsen e em levantamento bibliográfico, com a exploração de textos científicos, doutrina e legislação referentes ao tema, , este artigo traça um panorama geral desse sistema de justiça, os seus objetivos e importância para a garantia e preservação da ordem democrática e dos direitos fundamentais, destacando a utilização do sistema misto de controle de constitucionalidade no Brasil, por meio da via concentrada e difusa, o que realiza, dentre outros tópicos, através da verificação de aspectos históricos acerca do movimento constitucional ocorrido na Europa e de decisões judiciais tidas como marcos iniciais sobre o tema.
DERECHOS SOCIALES Y LA SALUD EN CLAVE CONSTITUCIONAL
Authors: Lozano Luis Gerardo Rodrígues
Published: December 2022

El presente trabajo se propone exponer el impacto de los derechos sociales en el contexto del Estado constitucional y las repercusiones económicas de la globalización en el ámbito de la procura social que se lleva a cabo por la prestación de los servicios públicos y la regulación de la administración pública con la finalidad de aportar cohesión social en el Estado. Asimismo, se pretende exponer el papel del juez constitucional que a raíz de la reforma constitución de 2011 cuenta con un papel más activo en la justiciabilidad de los derechos derivado de su fuerza argumentativa e interpretativa de sus sentencias las cuales se están encargando de delimitar una visión renovada en cuanto a la procura social de derechos sociales
PODERES Y DEBERES DEL JUEZ
Authors: Soulé Hugo Carrasco
Published: December 2022

La función del juez en el proceso civil, debe ser la de "director o conductor del proceso", alejado del "juez dictador", propio de los gobiernos revolucionarios, que le otorgan enormes poderes frente al ciudadano común, como así también del "juez espectador" que, con una actitud pasiva, se limita a dictar un pronunciamiento pensando únicamente en la aplicación que estime correcta de la ley, pero alejándose de la realidad. Los jueces, por consiguiente, deben realizar el uso adecuado de los deberes que la ley les confiere, a fin de "descubrir" la verdad material sobre lo formal, incluso en forma oficiosa, ante el error o negligencia de los justiciables. El principal deber del juez es dictar una sentencia justa, y para ello, debe utilizar todos los medios que el proceso judicial le brinda; las partes tienen la carga de aportar las pruebas, pero si el juez no está convencido de cómo ocurrieron los hechos controvertidos, el ordenamiento procesal le otorga una serie de instrumentos para formarse una convicción de los hechos litigiosos independiente de la voluntad de las partes y pueda cumplir –obviamente asegurando el pleno control bilateral– con ese deber fundamental. Si no lo usa no podrá dictar una sentencia justa.
Detailed Insights into Lignin Stabilization and Carbohydrate Nature in H-transfer RCF: On the Role of Solvent Fractionation of Lignin Oil in Structural Profiling
Authors: Rinken Raul , Posthuma Dean , Rinaldi Roberto
Published: December 2022

Reductive Catalytic Fractionation (RCF) of lignocellulosic materials produces lignin oil rich in monomer products and high-quality cellulosic pulps. RCF lignin oil also contains lignin oligomers/polymers and hemicellulose-derived carbohydrates. The variety of components makes lignin oil a complex matrix for analytical methods. As a result, the signals are often convoluted and overlapped, making detecting and quantifying key intermediates challenging. Therefore, to investigate the mechanisms underlining lignin stabilization and elucidate the structural features of carbohydrates occurring in the RCF lignin oil, fractionation methods reducing the RCF lignin oil complexity are required. This report examines the solvent fractionation of RCF lignin oil as a facile method for producing lignin oil fractions for advanced characterization. We demonstrate solvent fractionation using small volumes of environmentally benign solvents (methanol, acetone, and ethyl acetate) to produce multigram lignin fractions comprising products in different molecular weight ranges. This feature allowed for determining structural heterogeneity across the entire molecular weight distribution of the RCF lignin oil via high-resolution HSQC NMR spectroscopy. This study provides detailed insight into the role of the hydrogenation catalyst (Raney Ni) in stabilizing lignin fragments and defining the structural features of hemicellulose-derived carbohydrates in lignin oil obtained by the H transfer RCF process.
Visualizing the residue interaction landscape of proteins by temporal network embedding
Authors: Franke Leon , Peter Christine
Published: December 2022

Characterizing the structural dynamics of proteins with heterogeneous conformational landscapes is crucial to understanding complex biomolecular processes. To this end, dimensionality reduction algorithms are used to produce low-dimensional embeddings of the high-dimensional conformational phase space. However, identifying a compact and informative set of input features for the embedding remains an ongoing challenge. Here, we propose to harness the power of Residue Interaction Networks (RINs) and their centrality measures, established tools to provide a graph theoretical view on molecular structure. Specifically, we combine the closeness centrality, which captures global features of the protein conformation at residue-wise resolution, with EncoderMap, a hybrid neural-network autoencoder/multidimensional-scaling like dimensionality reduction algorithm. We find that the resulting low-dimensional embedding is a meaningful visualization of the residue interaction landscape that resolves structural details of the protein behavior while retaining global interpretability. This feature-based graph embedding of temporal protein graphs makes it possible to apply the general descriptive power of RIN formalisms to the analysis of protein simulations of complex processes such as protein folding and multi-domain interactions requiring no protein-specific input. We demonstrate this on simulations of the fast folding protein Trp-Cage and the multi-domain signalling protein FAT10. Due to its generality and modularity, the presented approach can easily be transferred to other protein systems.
Carboxymethyl Cellulose-Zinc Alginate Hydrogels as Antibacterial Wound Dressings
Authors: Kochai Zahed , Orhan Burcu , Vatansever Cansu , Kaygusuz Hakan
Published: December 2022

Wound dressings need to have strong physical capabilities, good antibacterial qualities, and, more importantly, natural material components. In this study, zinc alginate and carboxymethyl cellulose were combined to obtain a novel wound dressing film based on natural materials. Film samples were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), light transmittance, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), swelling experiments, and water vapor transmittance tests. Wound dressing based on zinc crosslinked alginate and carboxymethyl cellulose films gained antibacterial activity against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria and had a good swelling capability in pure water and isotonic solution (0.9% NaCl), had UV-protective character and had a high value of water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) thanks to their porous structure. Results indicate that the presented formulation is a novel and promising wound dressing material.
Combining first-principles kinetics and experimental data to establish guidelines for product selectivity in electrochemical CO(2) reduction
Authors: Kastlunger Georg , Heenen Hendrik , Govindarajan Nitish
Published: December 2022

The electrochemical reduction of CO(2) is envisioned as one of the most promising ways to close the industrial carbon cycle by producing high value chemicals and fuels using renewable electricity. Although the performance of CO2 electrolyzers have improved substantially in the last decade, they still suffer from poor selectivity towards the most desired products, ethylene and ethanol. This is, in part due to the fact that a detailed mechanistic understanding of the selectivity towards various products is still lacking, although necessary for process optimization. Herein, we perform microkinetic simulations based on constant potential density functional theory to elucidate the reaction pathways for CO(2) electroreduction on Cu towards the major multi-carbon products. We find that ethylene is the first product that bifurcates from the oxygenates, followed by acetate. Acetaldehyde is a direct intermediate in the production of ethanol.We provide atomistic level insights on the major role played by the electrode potential and electrolyte pH in determining the selectivity towards ethylene, oxygenates and methane, and relate the origin of the selectivity to general trends in electrochemical reaction energetics. Finally, we compare the results of our microkinetic simulations to an experimental database of previously reported measurements and suggest guidelines for improving the selectivity towards the specific products. Our study paves the way for the design of efficient CO2 electrolyzers for the production of targeted multi-carbon products, thereby moving a step closer towards their widespread adaptation.
Atomic-scale observation of solvent reorganization influencing photoinduced structural dynamics in a copper complex photosensitizer
Authors: Katayama Tetsuo , Choi Tae-Kyu , Khakhulin Dmitry , Dohn Asmus , Milne Christopher , Vankó György , Németh Zoltán , Lima Frederico , Szlachetko Jakub , Sato Tokushi , Nozawa Shunsuke , Adachi Shin-ichi , Yabashi Makina , Penfold Thomas , Gawelda Wojciech , Levi Gianluca
Published: December 2022

Photochemical reactions in solution are governed by a complex interplay between transient intramolecular electronic and nuclear structural changes and accompanying solvent rearrangements. State-of-the-art time-resolved X-ray solution scattering has emerged in the last decade as a powerful technique to observe solute and solvent motions in real time. However, disentangling solute and solvent dynamics and how they mutually influence each other remains challenging. Here, we simultaneously measure femtosecond X-ray emission and scattering to track both the intramolecular and solvation structural dynamics following photoexcitation of a solvated copper photosensitizer. Quantitative analysis assisted by molecular dynamics simulations reveals a two-step ligand flattening strongly coupled to the solvent reorganization, which conventional optical methods could not discern. First, a ballistic flattening triggers coherent motions of surrounding acetonitrile molecules. In turn, the approach of acetonitrile molecules to the copper atom mediates the decay of intramolecular coherent vibrations and induces a further ligand flattening. These direct structural insights reveal that photoinduced solute and solvent motions can be intimately intertwined, explaining how the key initial steps of light harvesting are affected by the solvent on the atomic time and length scale. Ultimately, this work takes a step forward in understanding the microscopic mechanisms of the bidirectional influence between transient solvent reorganization and photoinduced solute structural dynamics.
Cortical Bone under an Ultrahigh Magnetic Field: Relaxation, Spectroscopy and Micron-resolution Imaging
Authors: He Tian , Pang Zhenfeng , Yin Yu , Xue Huadong , Pang Yichuan , Song Haixin , Li Jianhua , Bai Ruiliang , Qin An , Kong Xueqian
Published: December 2022

Compact, mineralized cortical bone tissues are often concealed on magnetic resonance (MR) images. Recent development of MR instruments and pulse techniques has yielded significant advances in acquiring anatomical and physiological information from cortical bone despite its poor 1H signals. This work demonstrates the first MR research on cortical bones under an ultrahigh magnetic field of 14 T. The 1H signals of different mammalian species exhibit multi-exponential decays of three characteristic T2 or T2* values: 0.1–0.5 ms, 1–4 ms, and 4–8 ms. Systematic sample comparisons attribute these T2/T2* value ranges to collagen-bound water, pore water, and lipids, respectively. Ultrashort echo time (UTE) imaging under 14 T yielded spatial resolutions of 20–80 microns, which resolves the three-dimensional anatomy of the Haversian canals. The T2* relaxation characteristics further allow spatial classifications of collagen, pore water and lipids in human specimens. Our study achieves a record of the spatial resolution for MR imaging in bone and shows that ultrahigh-field MR has the unique ability to differentiate the soft and organic compartments in bone tissues.
Management of Proximal Humerus Fractures by JESS
Authors: Shah Sachin , Kumar Natikar Pradeep , Fatima Ambreen , Mahajabeen Amaan
Published: December 2022

Background and Aims Upper end of humerus fractures fare poorly with non-operative treatment and they are better treated with surgical intervention but results vary. We decided to assess the outcomes with Joshirsquos External Stabilization System JESS in regard to the stabilization of fracture fragments stability leaving the joint free for mobilization.Methods A total of 20 cases were enrolled in the study and treated with closed reduction-internal fixation CRIF with JESS. Neerrsquos criteria was used to analyze all the cases.Results Among these patients with 2-part fractures five had excellent results and one showed satisfactory result. In patients with 3-part fractures four had excellent results and two demonstrated satisfactory results. With 4-part fractures excellent results were found in four cases and two with satisfactory results. In patients with split head fracture of humerus excellent results were found in one case and another one showed satisfactory result.Conclusions CRIF with JESS is a simple good effective economic less time-consuming procedure and can be easily performed by any Orthopaedic Surgeon. The technique developed by Joshi gives good anatomical reduction with stable fixation and good functional results.nbspnbsp
Evaluation of Complications of Colostomy in Children
Authors: Mankar Kishor , Shinde Nandkishor , Navi Nagraj , Joy Sam
Published: December 2022

Background and Aims This study aimed to evaluate the complications of colostomy and its management in children at tertiary care centre.Methods This descriptive observational study was conducted over a period of four years from February 2017 to January 2021. All the children below five years of age who underwent colostomy were included in the study. The demographic and clinical data on age at colostomy procedure sex clinical details indication for colostomy site type of colostomy complications of colostomy procedure morbidity and mortality due to the colostomy procedure were collected and analyzed.Results During our study period 38 children underwent colostomy procedure who had fulfilled our inclusion criteria. Among 38 children 23 60.5 children were of High Anorectal Malformations and 15 39.5 children were of Hirschsprungrsquos disease. Children who had anorectal malformation were younger and underwent colostomy in neonatal period mean 3 days plusmn 2.41 compared to those who had Hirschsprungrsquos disease who underwent colostomy procedure between one month to five years mean 6.8 months plusmn 3.55. There were 26 60.4 male and 12 31.6 female children with male to female ratio of 2.21. Complications related to colostomy procedure were seen in 28 73.7 children. Early complications like wound infection superficial wound dehiscence stoma necrosis and bleeding stoma were seen in 13 34.2 children whereas late complications like Peristomal skin excoriation Colostomy retraction Colostomy stenosis Colostomy prolapse Para colostomy hernia were seen in 15 39.5 children. Majority of complications 17 44.7 were seen in end colostomy made in Hirschsprungrsquos disease children. Systemic complications like sepsis pneumonitis was seen in early post-operative period in 8 21.1 children among which two 5.3 children succumbed due to severe sepsis and respiratory failure.Conclusions Although colostomy complications are common in children majority of the colostomy complications are prevented or minimized by good surgical technique education of parents on colostomy care and hygiene.
Colour Doppler Ultrasound Evaluation of Umbilical Artery and Middle Cerebral Artery in Suspected Intrauterine Growth Restriction Foetuses
Authors: S Aland Veeresh , Chakit Kumar HM
Published: December 2022

Background and Aims Intrauterine growth restriction is strongly related to the dynamics of uteroplacental and fetoplacental circulation and is associated with an increased risk of perinatal mortality morbidity and impaired neurodevelopment. A prospective study was performed to establish a role of Umbilical Artery UA and Middle Cerebral Artery MCA Doppler ultrasound USG in predicting perinatal outcome in clinically suspected Intrauterine growth restriction IUGR pregnancies and to determine the role of Doppler velocimetry in clinical management of such pregnancies.Methods This prospective observational study was conducted over a period of 17 months November 2019 - March 2021 and included 50 cases. After a regular obstetric ultrasound evaluation special importance was given to measure Doppler parameters such as Pulsatility Indices PI of Umbilical Artery and Middle cerebral Artery. Colour Doppler ultrasound was performed using GE LOGIQ F8 having low frequency curvilinear transducer. Follow up Doppler studies were performed if clinically indicated to determine a favourable or a worsening pattern in the Doppler indices. However only the results of first doppler ultrasound were considered for analysis.Results The mean gestational age at the first Doppler US examination was 32.91 weeks plusmn 3.10 weeks. Forty six percent of the foetuses had at least one abnormal outcome. The mean Foetal Heart Rate FHR was 136.32 plusmn 13.5. The mean Estimated Foetal Weight EFW observed was 1.81 plusmn 0.32. Thirty five 70.0 cases were Oligohydramnios and 15 30.0 cases were with adequate amniotic fluid. Twenty three foetuses had abnormal perinatal outcome. MCA PI was most sensitive sensitivity 95.65 more than both Cerebroplacental Ratio MCAUA PI sensitivity 91.3 and UA PI sensitivity 91.3 in predicting any adverse outcome. Cerebroplacental Ratio specificity 81.48 was more specific compared to UA PI Specificity 66.6 and MCA PI Specificity 63 with highest diagnostic accuracy 86 Positive Predictive Value PPV80.8. However UA PI 94.4 had highest Negative Predictive Value followed by Cerebroplacental Ratio 91.66 and MCA PI 90.0.Conclusions The Foetal Doppler indices in particular ratios that include measurements from umbilical and middle cerebral artery help in the detection of the IUGR foetuses. Cerebroplacental ratio MCAUA is a better predictor of abnormal perinatal outcome than MCA PI and UA PI alone.nbspnbsp
Carboplatin and paclitaxel for advanced, residual and recurrent cervical carcinoma: a tertiary care centre experience
Authors: Acharya Geeta , Abhijit Kulkarni Kiran , C Bidkar Vishakha , G Sumangala , TS Premalatha
Published: December 2022

Background and Aims Treatment modality of advanced residual and recurrent cervical carcinoma is palliative. Improving the quality of life with minimal toxicity remains the key objective. Combination chemotherapy is one of the treatment strategies offered. We decided to evaluate effectiveness of paclitaxel and carboplatin chemotherapy in patients with advanced residual and recurrent cervical carcinoma.Methods Records of 50 women with advanced residual and recurrent disease of the cervix were reviewed. Among them 31 women had received a minimum of 3 cycles of carboplatin and paclitaxel every 21 days and were analyzed.Results There were nine women in advanced disease five in residual and 17 women with recurrent disease. Among women with advanced disease three received pelvic radiation and three received only palliative radiotherapy. Patients with residual and recurrent disease had received pelvic radiation. Response assessment could be done only in 28 patients as three women were non-compliant to follow up. Overall response rate was 85.7. Complete and partial response was equal 1228. Three patients had stable disease and one patient progressed on chemotherapy. Median survival for the entire group was 18.5 months 95 CI 14.4 - 19.67 months. Median disease free survival for patients with residual disease was 26 months 95 CI 21.8-30.2 months.Conclusion Though carcinoma of cervix is considered as relatively chemotherapy resistant paclitaxel and carboplatin could be a viable option. Patients with advanced residual and recurrent carcinoma of cervix who already have received radiotherapy this combination chemotherapy may still be deliverable resulting in better quality of life.
Storms in COVID-19
Authors: Venkatesha Mr , KS Girish , Delphine Silvia CR Wilma
Published: December 2022

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome SARS novel coronavirus 2 nCoV2 has been declared as a pandemic by the WHO and it is implicated in varying degree of mortality and morbidity among different nations. Several studies have shown that susceptibility to cytokine storm is responsible for differences in mortality and morbidity. Interleukin-6 IL-6 has been implicated strongly for the cause of cytokine storm in COVID-19 infections. But it is unclear about the cause for the severity of COVID-19. Recent studies have shown that bradykinins one of the peptides are also implicated in storm leading to severe complications among the infected. Hence this review article is focused on role of cytokines and bradykinins in causing storms in COVID-19.