bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Luis Vélez de Guevara, La rosa de Alejandría. Ed. crítica y anotada de William R. Manson y C. George Peale, estudio introductorio de María Elisa Domínguez de Paz. Juan de la Cuesta, Newark, DE, 2018; 217 pp. (Serie: Ediciones críticas, 91)
Authors: Pagnotta Josefina
Published: June 2020

El drama áureo fue un instrumento eficaz para propagar los preceptos de la religión católica y reafirmar la autoridad real en la conciencia de los espectadores. Aparte de cumplir con esta fundamental labor docente, los escritores se esmeraron en divertir a su audiencia con argumentos originales que colmaran sus expectativas, simbolizados en las máscaras tradicionales de la Comedia: el llanto y la risa.
Bibliografía de filología hispánica
Authors: De Filología Hispánica Nueva Revista
Published: June 2020

Las reseñas se consignan a continuación del libro (o artículo reseñado). Cuando éste se ha descrito en una entrega anterior de la Bibliografía, se pone entre paréntesis el número de ficha correspondiente. También se hacen referencias a ediciones anteriores de una obra, a tomos anteriores de una obra en curso de publicación, etc. En estos casos, la cifra que precede al número de referencia indica el volumen de la NRFH en que figura la ficha en cuestión. Así, el "núm. 39-39695" corresponde a la ficha 39695, la cual está en el volumen 39 de la NRFH. Cuando no hay cifra inicial, ha de entenderse que el número remite a una ficha incluida en el presente fascículo.
Componer la vida artísticamente: aproximación a la génesis filosófica del concepto de autopoiesis
Authors: Rojas Gil Cristóbal Javier
Published: June 2020

Las páginas que conforman este breve ensayo proveerán al lector de un atlas en el que podrán encontrarse algunas claves hermenéuticas que prometen ser de utilidad a la hora de comprender el modo en el que ha ido gestándose la idea que postula que la vida pueda ser pensada en tanto que obra artística. De esta forma, el propósito del artículo que nos ocupa será el de aventurar una hipótesis filosófica acerca de la procedencia de dicha noción y, de modo simultáneo, el de dilucidar algunos de los factores determinantes en la configuración de este fenómeno de la vida artística.
Triunfo del nombre de Jesús. Mensaje iconográfico del ábside, cúpula y bóveda de Il Gesú de Roma
Authors: García Mayenco Adrián de Jesús
Published: June 2020

Este artículo tiene como fin realizar un primer avance en el estudio del mensaje iconográfico del ciclo pictórico plasmado en las pinturas que decoran el ábside, la cúpula y la bóveda de la iglesia de Il Gesù en Roma (1568-1584), iglesia madre de la Compañía de Jesús fundada por Ignacio de Loyola en 1540. Tras la realización de un estudio del contexto socio-histórico, se puede verificar el establecimiento de un repertorio iconográfico de carácter dogmático y proselitista en pro del catolicismo, que surge con la Reforma Católica y es impulsado por el espíritu combativo y profundamente militante de los jesuitas.
Nestor Basterretxea y el collage, un nuevo giro
Authors: Lecuona Mariscal Ane
Published: June 2020

El artista Nestor Basterretxea ocupa un lugar relevante dentro de la historia del arte del País Vasco. Junto con Oteiza y Chillida abordó un nuevo arte, formando una nueva y rompedora generación de vanguardias vascas, logrando, así, una gran relevancia en la cultura local. Basterretxea fue reconocido mayormente en su faceta de escultor, pero su acción artística fue más allá, aunque no todas las diferentes facetas han sido estudiadas de la misma manera. Así pues, esta vez, intentaremos analizar una de esas lagunas que quedan por investigar aún más, esto es, las piezas de collage creadas en su último año de vida. Para ello tomaremos como fuente las entrevistas que el artista concedió en los últimos años, junto con la bibliografía existente de su obra. Así, se llegará a entender mejor el por qué de la utilización del collage y la repetición de la forma del círculo que aparecerá en ellas.
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ МЕТОДОВ БИОТЕСТИРОВАНИЯ ДЛЯ ОЦЕНКИ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ ПОЧВОГРУНТОВ РЕКУЛЬТИВИРОВАННОГО КАРЬЕРА
Authors: Бардина Т.В. , Чугунова М.В. , Кулибаба В.В. , Бардина В.И.
Published: June 2020

Рассмотрена возможность применения разных методов биотестирования для экотоксилогической оценки почвогрунтов объекта прошлого экологического ущерба. Такие почвогрунты содержат загрязняющие вещества неизвестного состава. Поэтому в схему экологического контроля почвогрунтов наряду с химическим анализом необходимо включать биологические исследования, в частности биотестирование. Различные тест-организмы отличаются по своей чувствительности к токсикантам. Поэтому для повышения точности оценки токсичности почвогрунтов необходимо применять серию биотестов с использованием тест-организмов из различных таксономических групп. Исследования проведены на территории карьера, расположенного в Приневской низменности (Ленинградская область) и образованного в результате добычи кирпичных глин. Карьер был рекультивирован путем засыпки суглинистым грунтом с использованием бытовых отходов. Это привело к образованию на территории вторичного очага загрязнения. С помощью стандартных физико-химических и химических методов в почвогрунтах были определены рН, общая щелочность, удельная электропроводность, содержание валовых форм тяжелых металлов, нефтепродуктов и бенз(а)пирена. Экотоксикологическая оценка почвогрунтов проводилась с помощью элюатных и контактных методов биотестирования, в том числе авторской методики, включенной в Госреестр. В качестве тест-организмов использовались рачки Daphпia magna, инфузории Paramecium caudatum, одноклеточная водоросль Chlorella vulgaris, пшеница Triticum aestivum, природный комплекс микроорганизмов, состояние которого оценивали по ферментативной активности почвы. Химико-аналитические исследования не выявили превышения содержания токсичных веществ в почвогрунтах над принятыми нормативами. Методы биотестирования оказались более чувствительными. С их помощью токсичность была обнаружена во всех почвогрунтах. Выявлены наиболее эффективные и чувствительные биотесты, пригодные для экологического контроля почвогрунтов карьеров по выработке глин.
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND INNOVATION: A MULTIPLE CASE STUDY WITH BRAZILIAN COMPANIES
Authors: Do Canto Natália Rohenkohl , Dullius Verschoore Andréia Cristina , Dias Patrícia , De Barcellos Marcia Dutra
Published: June 2020

Different stakeholders pressure companies to innovate and to include Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in their strategy. This article examines how innovation and CSR relate in some Brazilian companies. We conducted a multiple case study with five companies that claim to be highly innovative and to include social and environmental responsibility in their strategic agenda. Results indicate that CSR is mainly employed in a reactive way and cannot be considered strategic in these cases. CSR has a secondary position for these companies, while innovation is prioritized, since it is perceived as a source of value and competitiveness. We found a unilateral relation between the constructs, according to which innovation can generate CSR benefits, but CSR does not generate benefits in terms of innovation. CSR and innovation also exist independently, in a way that not every innovation generates CSR benefits. The paper presents implications and future studies suggestions.
Incentives of the State to promote the retrofitting of the agricultural sector: Regional considerations
Authors: Gutuev M.Sh. , Ibragimova B.Sh.
Published: June 2020

Subject. The article discusses the availability of technological equipment in the agriculture of the Republic of Dagestan.
Objectives. We analyze the current situation and trends in the development of available technological equipment in the republican agriculture, identify the role and place of machine and tractor fleet in the retrofitting of the regional agriculture.
Methods. The study is based on monographic, abstract logic, statistical, analytical methods.
Results. Dagestan has got a critically few technological equipment, which affects the development of the regional agricultural sector. The availability of technological equipment is found to have dramatically reduced in animal husbandry for the recent 30 years. The availability of technological equipment and land cultivation strongly correlates, thus simplifying applicable agricultural technologies. Most agricultural producers of Dagestan were found to be unable to participate in the program for federal agricultural lease.
Conclusions and Relevance. The deterioration of available technological equipment in agriculture is a key cause undermining the competitiveness of products and efficiency of the regional agriculture. We prove the importance of governmental actions incentivizing the influx of new technological equipment, including a set of measures reinforcing the availability of technological equipment. As long as most agricultural producers are microbusinesses that lack resources to participate in many machine renovation programs, funding should be increased substantially to subsidize a portion of equipment acquisition costs incurred by agricultural producers, and a portion of reimbursed costs as much as at least 50 percent of the value of agricultural machines acquired.
The employment by industry type and its transformation: The Lipetsk Oblast case study
Authors: Kozlova E.I. , Novak M.A.
Published: June 2020

Subject. The article analyzes the employment by industry type, relationship between the indicators of individual industries, and the trends in the transformation of the regional economic system.
Objectives. The article aims to assess changes in the employment by industry type in the context of the transformation of the Lipetsk Oblast's economy.
Methods. For the study, we used the methods of synthesis, comparison, generalization, factor and statistical analyses, and ex post evaluation.
Results. The article presents groups of activities that characterize the processes of change and development of institutional transformation in the Lipetsk Oblast.
Conclusions and Relevance. Reforming the employment sector can be one of the most important drivers of productivity gains in the region, and as a result, ensure the necessary quality of economic growth. The results of the study can be used to develop an effective labor policy.
Tanggung Jawab Pelaku Usaha Terhadap Kerugian Akibat Perbuatan Melawan Hukum dalam Pelaksaaan Perjanjian E-Logistics
Authors: Idayanti Soesi , Dian Aryani Fajar
Published: June 2020

Kemajuan teknologi membawa perubahan pola hidup manusia dalam bergaul, bersosialisasi, bahkan melakukan aktifitas ekonomi dalam skala lokal, regional maupun global. Internet seakan telah membuat dunia semakin menciut/ mengecil membuat transaksi perdagangan pun semakin mudah dilakukan di dalam jaringan komunikasi tersebut.Jaringan publik mempunyai keunggulan dibandingkan dengan jaringan privat yaitu adanya efisiensi biaya dan waktu. Hal ini membuat perdagangan dengan transaksi elektronik (Electronic Commerce) menjadi pilihan bagi para pelaku bisnis untuk melancarkan transaksi perdagangannya karena sifat jaringan publik yang mudah untuk diakses oleh setiap orang ataupun perusahaan. Globalisasi dalam dunia ekonomi, khususnya perdagangan semakin dimudahkan dengan adanya internet sebagai media komunikasi yang tepat.Transaksi perdagangan melalui internet telah mengubah dunia bisnis dari pola perdagangan tradisional menjadi sistem perdagangan dengan secara elektronik. Perjanjian e-logistics merupakan transaksi elektronik yang mencakup kegiatan-kegiatan penanganan dan pengendalian terhadap pengiriman dan penyimpanan barang termasuk informasi, jasa pengurusan dan administrasi.Kesepakatanya (penawaran dan penerimaan)-nya sendiri dilakukan melalui website,e-mail atau elektronik. Tanggung jawab pelaku usaha akibat kerugian akibat perbuatan melawan hukum yang mengakibatkan kegagalan dalam fungsi sistem elektronik (malfunction), pada hardware (perangkat keras komputer) dalam penyelenggaraan sistem eletronik pada saat dilakukan transaksi terjadi pada sistem elektronik yang dapat menimbulkan kerugian baik materiil maupun immateriil bagi penyelenggara sistem elektroik dan pihak lain. Bentuk ganti rugi dapat berupa: (1) Penggantian biaya, (2) Nilai kehilangan keuntungan, (3) Ganti rugi terhadap pihak ketiga atas kerusakan atau kerugian baik materiil maupun immaterial.
Peranan Lembaga Kerjasama Bipartit Perusahaan di Kota Tegal Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Perselisihan Hubungan Industrial
Authors: Tiyas Vika Widyastuti  , Gufron Irawan  , Anindita Dwi Hapsari
Published: June 2020

Perselisihan hubungan industrial dapat diminimalisir dengan berbagai pilihan media atau mekanisme sebagai upaya pencegahan perselisihan hubungan industrial.Salah satunya adalah dengan dibentuknya suatu forum komunikasi dan konsultasi yang keanggotaannya terdiri dari wakil pengusaha dan pekerja/buruh.Forum ini kemudian lebih sering disebut sebagai Lembaga kerjasama bipartit.Berbagai keunggulan karakteristik, peran dan fungsi yang dimiliki lembaga ini mempermudah bagi perusahaan dalam mencegah terjadinya perselisihan hubungan industrial.Namun sayangnya di dalam praktik, masih banyak perusahaan-perusahaan di Kota Tegal yang belum memiliki dan menerapkan lembaga kerjasama bipartit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menjelaskan tentang peranan lembaga kerjasama bipartit perusahaan di Kota Tegal sebagai upaya pencegahan perselisihan hubungan industrial serta untuk mengetahui dan menjelaskan faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan belum/tidak dibentuknya lembaga kerjasama bipartit perusahaan di Kota Tegal sebagai upaya pencegahan perselisihan hubungan industrial. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif, datanya sekunder berupa dokumen hukum, dan analisis datanya menggunakan alur berpikir deduktif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa lembaga kerjasama bipartit perusahaan di Kota Tegal memiliki 3 (tiga) peranan yang berdampak positif pada kemajuan perusahaan-perusahaan yang sudah terdaftar memiliki lembaga kerjasama bipartit di Dinas Ketenagakerjaan setempat. Banyak faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan belum/tidak dibentuknya lembaga kerjasama bipartit perusahaan di Kota Tegal sebagai upaya pencegahan perselisihan hubungan industrial, salah satunya adalah kurang pahamnya pihak manajemen perusahaan dan buruh terkait adanya kewajiban membentuk lembaga kerjasama bipartit serta ketentuan sanksi administratif yang harus diterima jika melanggarnya.
Implementasi Kebijakan Program Pengentasan Kemiskinan Kabupaten Tegal
Authors: Taufik Moh , Sugiarto Imawan
Published: June 2020

Isu tentang peran negara, hukum dan kebijakan publik tidak akan pernah lepas dari kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara. Dalam UUDN RI 1945 terutama di dalam pembukaan dan penjelasannya disebutkan bahwa keadilan dan kesejahteraan merupakan cita cita bersama seluruh elemen yang berada dalam yang disebut negara. Negara harus mampu menciptakan perlindungan bagi warganya. Undang Undang no. 11 tahun 2009 tentang kesejahteraan Sosial menjabarkan secara konkrit tentang kehadiran negara. Khususnya dalam pasal 19 dan 20 yang khusus membahas kemiskinan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran negara, hukum dan kebijakan publik melalui studi kasus tentang implementasi program pengentasan kemiskinan di Kabupaten Tegal. Penelitian ini menggunakan konsep tentang negara kesejahteraan, hukum dan keadilan, kebijakan publik, dan kemiskinan. Bahan penelitian menggunakan bahan hukum primer dan sekunder, sementara narasumber dalam penelitian ini adalah Bupati tegal, Sekretaris daerah, Ketua dan Anggota komisi 4 DPRD, Bappeda Kabupaten Tegal, Dinas Sosial, dan Dinas Permades Kabupaten Tegal. Keberhasilan dan efektivitas program kemiskinan sangat ditentukan oleh keterpaduan data dalam perencanaan dan pelaksanaan berbagai program , dalam hal ini peran dinas yang terkait dengan program pengentasan kemiskinan. Program penanggulangan kemiskinan akan berjalan maksimal jika dibuat Peraturan Daerah sebagai Individual Norma dalam pengentasan kemiskinan di Kabupaten Tegal.
Penyelesaian Sengketa Perdata Melalui Gugatan Sederhana Berdasarkan Perma Nomor. 2 Tahun 2015
Authors: Praptono Eddhie , Idayanti Soesi , Hadha Khamdani
Published: June 2020

Proses penyelesaian sengketa dapat dilakukan melalui 2 (dua) cara yaitu  litigasi / jalur hukum / judicial sttelement yang dilakukan melalui pengadilan dan non litigasi yang dilakukan melalui jalur diluar pengadilan. Proses penyelesaian sengketa melalui pengadilan menyebabkan terjadinya penumpukan perkara di pengadilan. Hal ini berpengaruh kepada citra pengadilan yang menjadi buruk, tidak efektif, dan tidak profesional. Untuk mengantisipasi permasalahan kompleks dan berbelit – belitnya proses penyelesaian sengketa perdata melalui jalur litigasi ini, maka Mahkamah Agung mengeluarkan Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 2 Tahun 2015 Tentang Tata Cara Penyelesaian Gugatan di mana dalam penyelesaian sengketa perdata dapat diselesaikan melalui praktik yang lebih sederhana dan cepat namun pada akhirnya dapat menghasilkan putusan yang memiliki kekuatan hukum tetap. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana proses dan pelaksanaan PERMA Nomor.2 Tahun 2015 pada  Perkara Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Nomor : 10/Pdt.G.S/2018/PN.Tgl. Metode penelitian menggunakan fokus Judicial Case Study. Jenis penelitian Library Research. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan pendekatan normatif. Sumber data yang digunakan berupa data sekunder. Metode pengumpulan data ditempuh dengan cara studi pustaka, metode analisis data deskriptif kualitatif. Pada penulisan ini menjelaskan bahwa penyelesaian sengketa melalui Gugatan Sederhana berdasarkan PERMA No.2 Tahun 2015 telah memenuhi aspek kriteria dan aspek tahapan penyelesaiaan perkara terhadap keberatan putusan berbeda pada gugatan umum yang dapat berupa banding, kasasi bahkan hingga peninjauan kembali. Hal ini terbukti dapat memangkas waktu dan biaya dalam proses persidangan sehingga menjadi lebih cepat, sederhana, dan biaya ringan.
Pola Hubungan Fraksi Dengan Lembaga Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia Pasca Reformasi
Authors: Mubiina Fathan Ali
Published: June 2020

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menganalisa Peranan partai politik ialah sebagai wadah yang strategis dalam sistem politik di Indonesia guna penghubung antara proses pembentukan kebijakan pemerintah baik di eksekutif maupun di legislatif dengan warga negaranya. Sesungguhnya justru partai politiklah yang menentukan terselenggara atau tidaknya sistem demokrasi di Indonesia. Sebab dalam partai politik terdapat bentuk pelembagaan wujud ekspresi ide-ide, pikiran-pikiran, pandangan, dan keyakinan bebas dalam masyarakat yang demokratis. Kemudian partai politik juga menurut peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku dalam sejarah perkembangan partai politik pasca reformasi ialah berfungsi sebagai pendidikan politik, menyerap, menyalurkan dan memperjuangkan kepentingan masyarakat, serta mempersiapkan anggota masyarakat untuk mengisi jabatan-jabatan politik sesuai dengan mekanisme demokrasi yang ada di Indonesia melalu demokrasi perwakilan. Pada pola hubungan antara partai politik dengan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia cukup sederhana, yaitu partai politik memiliki hak untuk ikut serta dalam proses pemilihan umum anggota legislatif di Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia. Penelitian hukum ini bersifat preskriptif, yang dilakukan untuk memecahkan isu penegakan hukum yang dihadapi
Perbaikan Manajemen Produksi Pasca Panen dan Pemasaran pada Usaha Peternakan Sapi Perah di Kota Padang Panjang
Authors: Wati Rahmi , Suresti Amna , Indrayani Ida , Sukma Ade , Susanti Hilda
Published: June 2020

The dedication was held on 2 (two) groups of farmers in Padang Panjang, which Farmers Group Permata Ibu and Lembah Makmur. The problems that be founded were (1) the production of milk was still low, (2) the lacked of diversification of products and packaging technology, (3). lacked of market segmentation. These activities provided information to improve the quality and quantity of milk production. Providing products diversification Technologies such as making yogurt, ice cream and milk pudding method. Then all of these products were packed by using innovations such as the use of plastic cups and aluminum foil that has been labeled the farmer groups. Market expansion was conducted in several schools, cafes and restaurants in Padang Panjang City.
Conjugation of Carboxylated Graphene Quantum Dots with Cecropin P1 for Bacterial Biosensing Applications
Authors: Bruce Jonathan , Clapper Jude
Published: June 2020

Quantum dots have proven to be strong candidates for biosensing applications in recent years, due to their strong light emission properties and their ability to be modified with a variety of functional groups for the detection of different analytes. Here, we investigate the use of conjugated carboxylated graphene quantum dots (CGQDs) for the detection of E. coli, using a biosensing procedure that focuses on measuring changes in fluorescence quenching. We have also further developed this biosensing assay into a compact, field-deployable test kit focused on rapidly measuring changes in absorbance to determine bacterial concentration. Our CGQDs were conjugated with cecropin P1, a naturally-produced antibacterial peptide that facilitates the attachment of CGQDs to E. coli cells. We also confirm the structural modification of these conjugated CGQDs in addition to analyzing their optical characteristics. Our findings have the potential to be used in situations where rapid, reliable detection of bacteria in liquids, such as drinking water, is required, especially given our biosensor’s relatively low observed limit of detection (LOD).
Three-Dimensional Large-Pore Covalent Organic Framework with Stp Topology
Authors: Li, Hui , ding jiehua , Guan Xinyu , Chen Fengqian , Li Cuiyan , Zhu Liangkui , Xue Ming , Yan Yushan , Valtchev Valentin , Qiu Shilun , Fang Qianrong
Published: June 2020

Three-dimensional (3D) covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are excellent porous crystalline polymers for numerous applications, but their building units and topological nets have been limited. Herein we report the first 3D large-pore COF with stp topology constructed with a 6-connected triptycene-based monomer. The new COF (termed JUC-564) has high surface area (up to 3300 m2 g-1), the largest pore (43 Å) among 3D COFs, and record-breaking low density in crystalline materials (0.108 g cm-3). The large pore size of JUC-564 is confirmed by the incorporation of a large protein. This study expands the structural varieties of 3D COFs as well as their applications for adsorption and separation of large biological molecules.
A Simple Approach to Achieve Organic Radicals with Unusual Solid-State Emission and Extraordinary Stability
Authors: ZHAO Xueqian , zhao zheng , Gong Junyi , Ma, Chao , Alam Parvej , wang Yanpei , Guo Jing , Zeng Zebing , He Zikai , Sung Herman H.-Y. , williams ian duncan , Wong Kam Sing , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: June 2020

Herein, we report a simple approach to generate stable

luminescent radicals in the presence of gentle UV irradiation. The newly generated radical

species are capable of emitting unusual red light with a maximum fluorescence quantum

efficiency of 4.6% at ambient conditions in the solid state. Additionally, the luminescent

radicals show extraordinary stability with more than one-year life-span at ambient conditions.

X-ray diffraction study combined with photophysical and computational analyses reveal that

the unique molecular symmetry breaking in the crystalline state lead to the unusual formation

and stabilization of radical ion pairs via the photo-induced electron transfer (PET) process. Such

results represent the first time to achieve stable emissive radicals in the solid state at ambient

conditions via in-situ PET process.
Genetic Programming for Evolving Similarity Functions for Clustering: Representations and Analysis
Authors: Lensen Andrew , Xue Bing , Zhang Mengjie
Published: June 2020

Clustering is a difficult and widely studied data mining task, with many varieties of clustering algorithms proposed in the literature. Nearly all algorithms use a similarity measure such as a distance metric (e.g., Euclidean distance) to decide which instances to assign to the same cluster. These similarity measures are generally predefined and cannot be easily tailored to the properties of a particular dataset, which leads to limitations in the quality and the interpretability of the clusters produced. In this article, we propose a new approach to automatically evolving similarity functions for a given clustering algorithm by using genetic programming. We introduce a new genetic programming-based method which automatically selects a small subset of features (feature selection) and then combines them using a variety of functions (feature construction) to produce dynamic and flexible similarity functions that are specifically designed for a given dataset. We demonstrate how the evolved similarity functions can be used to perform clustering using a graph-based representation. The results of a variety of experiments across a range of large, high-dimensional datasets show that the proposed approach can achieve higher and more consistent performance than the benchmark methods. We further extend the proposed approach to automatically produce multiple complementary similarity functions by using a multi-tree approach, which gives further performance improvements. We also analyse the interpretability and structure of the automatically evolved similarity functions to provide insight into how and why they are superior to standard distance metrics.
Особливості непальсько-пакистанських відносин у ХХ – на початку ХХІ століття
Authors: Habro Iryna , Kabachek Yelyzaveta
Published: June 2020

Відносини Пакистану та Непалу були мінливими протягом ХХ – початку ХХІ століття: від дружніх відносин до розриву дипломатичних відносин. Але Непал є стратегічно важливою територією для Пакистану. Незважаючи на погані транспортні зв’язки, Пакистан надає пріоритетне значення для збільшення торгівлі та пожвавлення відносин з Непалом, оскільки такі події виведуть Індію з цієї області, геополітична карта світу зазнає змін і Індія втратить своє домінуюче положення. І Пакистан, і Непал відіграють активну роль у СААРК, відображаючи, по суті, їх спільне бажання сприяти миру та прогресу в Південній Азії.
Інформаційне суспільство: амбівалентність динаміки розвитку
Authors: Danilyan Oleg , Dzoban Olexander
Published: June 2020

У статті продемонстровано, що у сучасному суспільстві проявляються реалії у вигляді «нормальних аварій». Виділені декілька найбільш ілюстративних амбівалентних тенденцій сучасного соціального розвитку, що проявилися у різних аспектах людської діяльності і є «нормальними аваріями». Обґрунтовується, що сучасні мережеві комунікації відрізняються нелінійністю, відсутністю центру та ієрархії, що впливає на динаміку суспільства.
Нормалізація і розвиток американсько-в’єтнамських відносин у 1990-ті рр.
Authors: Городня Наталія , Підберезних Інна
Published: June 2020

У статті висвітлено процес нормалізації і розвитку американсько-в’єтнамських відносин за адміністрацій Дж. Г. У. Буша і Б. Клінтона, чинники, які на нього впливали, основні події і сфери двостороннього співробітництва 1995-2000 рр. Показано, що підґрунтя для нормалізації відносин між США і В’єтнамом заклало їхнє співробітництво у справі пошуку військовослужбовців США, які зникли під час В’єтнамської війни. Після встановлення дипломатичних відносин у липні 1995 р. найбільш важливою подією було підписання у липні 2000 р. Двосторонньої торговельної угоди, реалізація якої мала суттєвий вплив на позитивний розвиток двосторонніх відносин у ХХІ ст. Візит президента Б. Клінтона до В’єтнаму в листопаді 2000 р. підвів підсумки цього установчого періоду, основним змістом якого було звільнення політики двох держав від негативного спадку В’єтнамської війни.
PENGARUH PELATIHAN SPEED, AGILITY, QUICKNESS (SAQ) TERHADAP KECEPATAN REAKSI PENJAGA GAWANG SEPAKBOLA
Authors: Apriliyanto Rizki
Published: June 2020

The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of speed, agility, and quickness training on the reaction speed of the soccer goalkeeper. There are two groups, namely the experimental group with speed, agility, and quickness training and the control group with conventional training. The method used is experimental research using a randomized control group pretest-posttest design. The analysis technique uses a dependent paired t-test. Different test results can be seen that the t-value calculated in the experimental group 9787, the control group with a value of 1.990. influence is obtained from the value of p = 0.000 <0.05, which means that the training methods of speed, agility, and quickness can increase the reaction speed of the soccer goalkeeper. Football goalkeeping coach recommendations in increasing reaction speed in order to provide speed, agility and quickness training.
SURVEI MINAT SISWA TERHADAP KEGIATAN EKSTRAKURIKULER BOLAVOLI DI SMPN I SUNGGUMINASA KABUPATEN GOWA
Authors: Ramli Ramli
Published: June 2020

This study aims to find out about students' interest in the volleyball extracurricular activities at SMP Negeri I Sungguminasa, Gowa Regency. This research is a descriptive study with a single variable. The sample used in this study were all students who took extracurricular activities in volleyball as many as 40 people. Data collection techniques using a questionnaire. Furthermore, the data obtained were analyzed using descriptive analysis of percentages with the help of a computer through the SPSS 20.00 program. The results of this study indicate that students' interest in volleyball extracurricular activities in Sungguminasa Junior High School I students in Gowa Regency is relatively high with a percentage reaching 64.81% which is influenced by several indicators of interest, such as: motivation and ideals, attitudes towards teachers and lessons, support family, facilities and others. The conclusion that can be drawn from the results of this study is that students already have a high interest with the percentage of SS 26.225%, S 38.29%, TS 26.29%, STS 8.90% towards volleyball in students of Junior High School Sungguminasa, Gowa Regency.
The Implementation of Principalship’s Intructional Supervision (Comparative Study on Elemntery School of Inpres BTN IKIP 1 and Elementery School of Inpres BTN IKIP 2)
Authors: Wahed Andi , Habibah Sitti
Published: June 2020

This Research was aimed to determine the Implementation of Principalship’s Instructional Supervision on SD Inpres BTN IKIP 1 and SD Inpres BTN IKIP 2 of Makassar city which has implemented Kurtilas (Curriculum 2013). This research background is there policy regulated in implementation curriculum 2013 on which effect to instructional action so then it’s needed role principalship as instructional supervision. An approach used in this research is qualitative method, to describe comparation of both elementary schools. Data collection technique used interview, observation, and documentation technique. Data source derive some informant, activity and document which about instructional supervision activity principalship on SD Inpres BTN IKIP 1 and SD Inpres BTN IKIP 2. The result this research is implementation of instructional supervision based Kurtilas on SD Inpres BTN IKIP 1 Makassar is done by principalship trough some approach and technique that are indirect used individual and group techniques, motivating teachers contextually to continuous improvement them and used model teachers to knowledge transfer to other teachers. While the implementation of instructional supervision based Kurtilas on SD Inpres BTN IKIP 2 Makassar is done by principalship trough some approach and technique that is directly individual and group techniques, teachers’ supervision contextually on visiting class and meeting periodically. The implementation of instructional supervision based Kurtilas on SD Inpres BTN IKIP 1 is done carry out informally (individually) in a relaxed (humanist) style as well as group discussion and teacher empowerment activities as models, while the implementation of supervision based Kurtilas at SD Inpres BTN IKIP 2 is done formally in periodic group discussion activities which are also accompanied by class visits.
Penerapan Pembelajaran Keterampilan Proses Untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Siswa SD Kelas IV Pada Materi Konsep Energi Bunyi
Authors: Muslimin Muslimin , Amran Muhammad
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this research is to improve students' understanding of the concept of sound energy after learning by using a process skills approach. The data collection techniques of this study were tests, direct interviews, observations. Data analysis techniques with descriptive statistics to describe the level of student understanding. The results of the study are the use of the process skills approach in the fourth grade students of SD Inpres Maralleng can improve understanding in natural science subjects especially sound energy concept material.
FORMATION OF STUDENTS’ MATHEMATICAL COMPETENCE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE EUROPEAN EDUCATIONAL SPACE
Authors: Batechko Nina , Dibrivna Emilia
Published: June 2020

The article deals with the main trends of formation of students’ mathematical competence in modern conditions of Ukraine’s entry into the European educational space. The competency-based approach has been considered as a methodological basis of the process of formation of mathematical competence. The Framework Program for updated core competencies of 2018 has been reviewed, and a comparative analysis of the core competencies of the European Union in 2006 and 2018 has been carried out. The importance of forming the mathematical competence of future specialists in solving professional problems in their future professional activities has been emphasized. The changes that the interpretation of mathematical competence has undergone in the updated core competencies of the European Union have been pointed out. The definitional analysis of the concept of «mathematical competence» used in domestic pedagogical theory has been carried out. The advantages of some approaches in the best European practices in the formation of mathematical competence have been stressed. Attention has been drawn to the peculiarities of adapting the process of forming mathematical competence of Ukrainian students to the best European practices as well as arising contradictions and problems. It has been proved that the formation of students’ mathematical competence contributed to the formation of the innovative economy of the state as a whole, as it contributes to the solution of professional problems by future specialists. It has been proved that taking into account the mathematical competence as a key one will contribute to the formation of professional competencies of future specialists. On the other hand, taking into account the mathematical competence as a key one will help to improve the curriculum of mathematical disciplines. The proposed research can serve as a methodological basis for constructing components of students’ mathematical competence.
LAWYER’S BREAD: INCOME OF LAWYERS IN THE HETMANATE
Authors: Brekhunenko Viktor
Published: June 2020

The article is the first attempt to investigate specific features of the lawyer’s salary in the Hetmanate. The problems are researched on the base of the unknown sources which were founded by the author in the Ukrainian archival collections. The strategies of lawyers and clients, the influence of the expenses of legal proceedings on the quantity of salary, the types of the lawyer’s salary, the conflicts between lawyers and clients in the field of the salary are analуsed. Simultaneously the lawyer’s income was compared with the income of another officials of the Hetmanate. The practices of the rewards for lawyers that took place in the Hetmanate shows that the Ukrainian’s judicial system had been developed for the European model. The lawyers and clients signed the contract which determined the rights and obligations for the both of them. The salary of the lawyers was very high and reflected their significance in the Hetmanate
Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis and risk factors
Authors: Gerulytė A. , Strumylaitė L.
Published: June 2020

The article reviews the main hypothesis explaining the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease in the formation and accumulation of P-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary plexus in the brain as well as related theories on the mechanisms of copper and zinc dysregulation, excitotoxicity, cholinergic system dysfunction, and autophagy disorders. The main risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (increased blood pressure, diabetes, reduced physical activity, brain trauma and the influence of some psychotropic medications) are also discussed.
From pathogenesis to new developments in treatment of primary progressive multiple sclerosis. Literature review
Authors: Juknelytė A. , Vaičekauskytė Ž. , Mickevičienė D. , Balnytė R.
Published: June 2020

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterised as a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) affecting more than 2.3 million people all over the world. Approximately 15% of all MS cases are manifesting as primary progressive MS (PPMS). Inflammation has long been thought to be the initial factor that starts pathological mechanisms, and neurodegeneration only enhances the progression of the disease. Recent data reveal more precise details about the pathogenesis of PPMS that led to the development of a new drug. After years of failed treatment methods, the new drug Ocrelizumab has shown promising results in the treatment of PPMS. The drug was approved in 2018 by the European Medicines Agency (EMA). Considered an incurable disease, PPMS today gives patients more hope of stopping the progression of disability.
EXPLORING ESWATINI SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL GEOGRAPHY TEACHERS’ UNDERSTANDING OF AND ATTITUDES TO EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Nkonde Edmond S. , O.I. Oloyede , G Peter
Published: June 2020

Due to the close affinity that Geography shares with the theoretical constructs and methodologies of Education for sustainable development (ESD), Geography is expected to play a major role in the implementation of ESD. However, for this to take place, Geography teachers ought to have a deep and clear understanding of both sustainable development and ESD and should have positive attitudes towards what these concepts entail. In Swaziland, information about understanding of what both sustainable development and ESD among Geography teachers and what their attitudes are towards these domains of today’s world debate is very little. This study is therefore an attempt to fill this gap of information. The study, which was a mixed methods design answered four research questions, had a sample of 92 senior secondary school Geography teachers from 40 systematically sampled schools in the four regions of Eswatini. A self-developed questionnaire which was validated by two experts at the University of Eswatini, with a reliability value of 0.72 was used. Results obtained were analysed using Qualitative content analysis (QCA) method and Statistical Package for Social Scientists Version 10 (SPSS_10) and Excel. The results indicated that Geography teachers lacked a deep and clear understanding of the theoretical constructs of both sustainable development and ESD. More so, very few teachers had any clear, supported understanding of what ESD is all about. Despite this lack of knowledge, teachers showed a high level of positive attitudes towards sustainable development and ESD. The study concluded that a majority of the geography teachers did not understand the concept of ESD and recommended that sustained in service training programmes be put in place urgently and teacher training institutions should fully incorporate ESD in education training programmes to empower trainee teachers who would be the implementers of ESD.
PROMOTION OF INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT (IPM) IN COWPEA PRODUCTION IN FUFORE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, ADAMAWA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: HADDABI A. S.
Published: June 2020

Cowpea is a good source of protein to human beings and feeds to livestock. The broad objective was the promotion of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in cowpea production in Fufore Local Government Area, and the specific objectives were to create awareness and strengthen the farmers group, describe socio-economic characteristics of farmers, train the farmers group on IPM, compare the performance between improved variety and farmers’ variety, assess profitability of IPM and demonstrate recommended IPM practices. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics and Gross Margin analysis. The Gross Margin under IPM practices was N200,711.80 while N6,899.60 under farmers’ practice. The result of the study showed that an average yield of 239.4kg/ha and 1714kg/ha of cowpea respectively from farmers’ practices and IPM practices. The participating group was strengthened in aspects of group management and to sustain the IPM practices. The farmers were trained in timely planting, correct spacing and fertilizer application, correct dose and timely application od insecticides when necessary and pests identification. 65% of the farmers agreed to adopt IPM in cowpea production as from next year (2009).
ERZURUM İLİNDE HANEHALKLARININ EV DIŞI GIDA TÜKETİMİNİ ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLER
Authors: ÇALMAŞUR Gürkan , DAŞTAN Hüseyin
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı, hanehalklarının ev dışı gıda tüketimlerinin genel durumunun ve ev dışı gıda tüketimlerine etki eden faktörlerin tespit edilmesidir. Bu çalışma, 400 hanehalkına uygulanan anketlerden elde edilen yatay kesit verilerine dayanmaktadır. Bu amaçla yaş, eğitim düzeyi, aylık gelir, çocuk sayısı, meslek, eşin mesleği, hanehalkı büyüklüğü, medeni durum, cinsiyet, ikamet edilen ilçe ve oturulan evin mülkiyeti gibi faktörlerin hanehalkının ev dışı gıda tüketimleri üzerindeki olası etkileri Ki-Kare analizi ile araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca, ev dışı gıda tüketiminde etkili olabileceği düşünülen değişkenler dikkate alınarak logit model denemesi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Model tahmin sonuçlarına göre, ev dışı gıda tüketimini aylık gelir, okuyan birey sayısı çocuk sayısı, hanehalkı büyüklüğü, meslek ve eşin mesleği değişkenleri etkilemektedir.
Mycotoxilogical monitoring. Part 2. Wheat, barley, oat and maize grain
Authors: Kononenko G. P. , Burkin A. A. , Zotova Ye. V.
Published: June 2020

Results of mycotoxicological survey of representative samples of feed and procured wheat, barley, oat and maize grain batches are demonstrated. The samples were submitted by the Veterinary Service officials, livestock farmers and feed mill operators, agricultural producers, specialized commercial business operators and farm owners in seven Federal Districts of the Russian Federation in 2009-2019. Similar amounts of wheat and barley grain samples were received from the Central, Volga, Ural and Siberian Federal Districts. The amount of wheat samples delivered from the Southern Federal District prevailed over the number of barley samples, and the maize samples were mostly delivered from the regions of the Central Federal District. Fusarium toxins including T-2 toxin, diacetoxyscirpenol, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone and fumonisins of group B as well as alternariol, ochratoxin A, citrinin, aflatoxin В1, sterigmatocystin, cyclopiazonic acid, mycophenolic acid, ergot alkaloids and emodin were detected and measured according to the validated competitive ELISA procedure. Generalization of the results demonstrated domination of fusarium toxins and active involvement of alternariol in the contamination of all types of feed grains as well as high occurrence of emodin in ear cereals and increased occurrence of T-2 toxin and ochratoxin A in barley. Shift of medians and 90%-percentile of the basic contaminants to lower values as compared to mean and maximal ones was reported thus being indicative of their possible accumulation at the levels outside the typical range. The highest levels of T-2 toxin, deoxynivalenol and ochratoxin A as well as 90%-percentile values exceeded the acceptable levels. The maize grains demonstrated the whole complex of the tested fusarium toxins with the prevalence of T-2 toxin, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone and fumonisins; and the maximal amounts of these mycotoxins by several times exceeded the accepted regulatory levels. Diacetoxyscirpenol, aflatoxin В1, sterigmatocystin, cyclopiazonic acid and ergot alkaloids are classified as rare feed grain contaminants. High prevalence of alternariol and emodin known as “diarrhea factor” as well as maize grain contamination with mycophenolic acid (mycotoxin having an immunosuppressive effect) are for the first time reported in this paper. These data support the need of their introduction in the group of regulated substances significant for public health. Original monitoring data systematized and summarized in the paper are given in electronic format in section Additional materials.

Part 1: Veterinary Science Today. 2020; 1 (32): 60–65. DOI: 10.29326/2304-196X-2020-1-32-60-65.
Studies on development of early immunity against type O FMD in naturally susceptible animals
Authors: Mikhalishin D. V. , Lozovoy D. A. , Starikov V. A. , El’kina Yu. S. , Doronin M. I. , Borisov A. V.
Published: June 2020

FMD risk in the Russian Federation dictates the need for enhanced measures aiming to prevent the introduction of FMD virus and comprising systematic monitoring research and mass vaccination of susceptible animals in the buffer zone. Research into the development of vaccines for early protection confirm that their use induces the formation of virus-neutralizing antibodies in naturally susceptible animals in the outbreak area, which protects from FMD infection, limits its spread and contains it within the primary outbreak. Taking into account the high speed of the infection spread, such a control measure as using FMD vaccines which induce early protection should be adopted immediately after the occurrence of the outbreak. The article presents the results of the research into the formation of humoral immunity in naturally susceptible animals triggered by administration of inactivated emulsion FMD vaccines capable of ensuring early protection against type O FMD. Culture FMD virus of О/Primorsky/2012, О/Saudi Arabia/08 and О/Mongolia/2017 strains was used for vaccine production. Immunogenic activity of vaccines was tested in cattle, pigs, and sheep. It was found that monovalent emulsion FMD vaccine based on О/Mongolia/2017 strain induced the formation of virus-neutralizing antibodies in the quantity necessary to protect against the homologous strain in seven days after a single administration in the dose of 2 cm3 . Vaccines based on О/Saudi Arabia/08 and О/Primorsky/2012 FMDV strains can protect animals from infection with heterologous О/Mongolia/2017 strain at early stages if a double dose is administered. Vaccines based on the above-mentioned strains induce early immunity formation (seven days after vaccination) against type O FMD. We suggest using the given products in the zones of a higher risk of the virus introduction.
Pengungkapan CSR Tentang Kinerja Keuangan dan Lingkungan
Authors: Djuharni Darti , Novitasari Intan
Published: June 2020

This research was conducted to test the effect of CSR on financial performance and add environmental variables as intervening. This type of research is Explonatory research using financial data published on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The study was conducted on manufacturing companies in the consumer goods industry sector for three years, namely 2015, 2016, and 2017. From the number listed, they were selected according to the criteria determined to be used as research samples. The number of companies that met the criteria for further analysis was thirteen companies with observations over three years. The results of this study indicate that CSR significantly influences the company's financial performance, and environmental performance as an intervening variable significantly influences the company's financial performance.