bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Corpos transmasculinos, hormônios e técnicas: reflexões sobre materialidades possíveis*
Authors: Souza Érica Renata de
Published: January 2021

Resumo Neste artigo, propomo-nos a pensar a partir da noção de uma rede sociotécnica na qual hormônios e outras técnicas se articulam afetando e efetuando os corpos transmasculinos, coproduzindo movimentos e realidades vividas para além do que a Medicina define e entende sobre esses corpos. Vivendo (n)as controvérsias do sistema de saúde, as pessoas trans materializam corpos que não integralmente reconhecidos em sua plenitude humana, política e social.
Semiology and radiology integration: a new trend in the teaching-learning process
Authors: Morais Rafaela Queiroz de , Tedeschi Luciana Thurler , Fontes Cristina Asvolinsque Pantaleão , Santos Marcia Maria Sales dos , Saad Maria Auxiliadora Nogueira
Published: January 2021

Abstract: Introduction: The development of clinical reasoning to diagnose diseases and order ancillary tests, such as radiology imaging, is based on history-taking and physical examination skills, which are developed during the semiology course. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the results of the innovative integration of two courses in the medical curriculum at our institution: Medical Semiology and Clinical Radiology. Methods: The sample consisted of 184 fifth-semester medical students attending the two courses simultaneously. Extra-class semiology-radiology sessions based on theoretical and practical topics integrating radiological images and semiological signs were conducted, and the results were assessed by applying a semi-structured questionnaire to the participants, in which all 18 items were rated on a scale from 0 (worst) to 10 (best). The normality hypothesis in score distribution was verified by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and the Shapiro-Wilk test. The distribution of the 18 scores were summarized by descriptive statistics and compared by Friedman’s test, with post-hoc test in pairwise comparisons adjusted by Bonferroni test. Correlations between the scores were determined by Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficients. Results: The overall mean score for the semiology-radiology sessions was high (8.55). Students were satisfied with the selection of clinical cases (8.46) and found that the semiology-radiology sessions contributed to the development of their clinical reasoning (8.58). Conclusion: Medical schools are facing new challenges in medical education. The innovative concept of Radiology-Semiology integrated teaching modality affects the students’ self-perception ability to interpret radiological images and might be an educational strategy trend.
Reflexão metodológica sobre o trabalho de campo de pesquisa internacional multicêntrica Brasil-Canadá
Authors: Zanchetta Margareth Santos , Santos Walterlânia Silva , Souza Kleyde Ventura de , Viduedo Alecssandra de Fátima Silva , Argumedo-Stenner Hannah , Carrie Dakota , Aviv Francesca , Hwu Hilary , Stahl Hannah , Fofie Vanessa , d’Souza Dorin , Oliva Milena , Tadeo John , Costa Edwaldo , Vilela Francisco , Carvalho Andréa , Escobar Haydée Padilla Vda de , Felipe Ingryd Cunha Ventura
Published: January 2021

Resumo Objetivo Apresentar o resultado de uma reflexão metodologicamente estruturada sobre o caminho trilhado em todas as fases de uma pesquisa internacional no Brasil sobre a implementação do Programa de Humanização do Pré-natal e do Nascimento e seus atores sociais. Método Método reflexivo de pesquisa que conduz à percepção modificada de uma dada situação levando a novas ideias, com o potencial de revelar temas de análise e engendrar propostas de possíveis soluções com desenho de um plano de ação. O objeto das reflexões concentrou-se nas participações dos copesquisadores de um estudo etnográfico internacional, multidisciplinar e multicêntrico implantado em Junho/2019-Março/2020. Resultados As reflexões indicam sensibilidade sobre o tema e silêncio imposto em relação à violência obstétrica. Sob múltiplas manifestações da violência institucionalizada, constatou-se ações como resistência ao assunto na rede hospitalar, negligência e questionamentos distorcidos nos espaços políticos de autorização para a anuência institucional. A demora por comitê de ética colocando em risco o calendário de conclusão da condução da pesquisa, exigido por agência estrangeira de fomento. Conclusão e implicação para a prática A reflexão estruturada possibilitou um processo ímpar de aprendizagem para os copesquisadores navegando em distintas culturas universitárias e sociais de pesquisa.
A review of the characteristics and structural behaviour of sandwich panels
Authors: Makweche Diana , Dundu Morgan
Published: January 2021

With advances in materials science and engineering, sandwich panels have evolved over the years. They are now used extensively in many fields, including the construction industry, due to their light weight and ease of construction. In the past, metals and timber-based products constituted most of the facing materials of panels, but plastics, polymers, concrete and other cementitious facings reinforced with glass, steel, carbon, natural fibres or textiles are now finding increasing use as facing materials. Core materials have also evolved and now include balsa and other types of wood, expanded polystyrene, rigid foams and foamed or lightweight cements and concretes. Some of today's novel cores incorporate various lattice-, truss- or pyramid-type structures while others have honeycombs. This study reviews structural sandwich panels with non-profiled faces and a range of innovative core composites and configurations. Particular focus is given to the properties that make panels suitable as structural systems, as well as any inherent weaknesses or peculiarities that require due consideration in design, including their structural response to bending and compression and associated failure modes. Finally, a brief review of theoretical developments is provided, along with representative problems using the theoretical models.
Factors Affecting The Length Of Stay In Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis In Palliative Care
Authors: SARIÇAM Gülhan
Published: January 2021

Aim: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that progresses with the degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons. In our study, we aimed to investigate the effects of demographic characteristics and symptoms of patients hospitalized in our palliative care center (PCC) with ALS on length of stay (LOS).

Materials and Methods: 47 patients were included in this retrospective study. The ages, sexes, diagnosis times, LOS in PCC, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG), tracheostomy, pressure ulcer (PU), discharge conditions and symptoms of the patients included in the study were compared. The diagnosis of insomnia and depression were made using the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) and Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS).

Results: The mean age of the patients was 56.55 years; the average length of stay was 50.55 days. All patients had a tracheostomy, 95.7% had PEG, and 55.3% had PU. 66% of the patients had insomnia, 61.7% had depression and all had pain, and the discharge status of 21.3% was exitus. We found that the length of stay was significantly longer in patients with symptoms of depression and insomnia among the patients we followed up in PCC. (p=0.049, p=0.014)

Conclusions: Diagnosis and treatment of symptoms such as depression, insomnia and pain in patients with ALS who are followed up in palliative care should be timely and adequate support should be provided. We think that early access to PC, timely recognition of symptoms and good management of patients diagnosed with ALS will increase the quality of life of patients.
Pharmacological strategies to prevent postoperative delirium: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Lee Jun Mo , Cho Ye Jin , Ahn Eun Jin , Choi Geun Joo , Kang Hyun
Published: January 2021

Background: Postoperative delirium (POD) is a condition of cerebral dysfunction and a common complication after surgery. This study aimed to compare and determine the relative efficacy of pharmacological interventions for preventing POD using a network meta-analysis (NMA).Methods: We performed a systematic and comprehensive search to identify and analyze all randomized controlled trials until June 29, 2020, comparing two or more pharmacological interventions, including placebo, to prevent or reduce POD. The primary outcome was the incidence of POD. We performed a network meta-analysis and used the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) values and rankograms to present the hierarchy of the pharmacological interventions evaluated.Results: According to the SUCRA value, the incidence of POD decreased in the following order: the combination of propofol and acetaminophen (86.1%), combination of ketamine and dexmedetomidine (86.0%), combination of diazepam, flunitrazepam, and pethidine (84.8%), and olanzapine (75.6%) after all types of anesthesia; combination of propofol and acetaminophen (85.9%), combination of ketamine and dexmedetomidine (83.2%), gabapentin (82.2%), and combination of diazepam, flunitrazepam, and pethidine (79.7%) after general anesthesia; and ketamine (87.1%), combination of propofol and acetaminophen (86.0%), and combination of dexmedetomidine and acetaminophen (66.3%) after cardiac surgery. However, only the dexmedetomidine group showed a lower incidence of POD than the control group after all types of anesthesia and after general anesthesia.Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine reduced POD compared with the control group. The combination of propofol and acetaminophen and the combination of ketamine and dexmedetomidine seemed to be effective in preventing POD. However, further studies are needed to determine the optimal pharmacological intervention to prevent POD.
Stimulator of Skarzynski’s Polimodal
Sensory Perception in the rehabilitation of
children with auditory processing disorders
- analysis of research results on the material
of the Subcarpatian Center of Hearing
and Speech „Medincus” in Rzeszów
Authors: Sobańska Julita , Szuber Dorota , Skarżyński Piotr
Published: January 2021

Wstęp

Na właściwe rozumienie i nadawanie mowy wpływa nie tylko dobre słyszenie, lecz także uważne słuchanie i przetwarzanie
słuchowe dźwięków. Słuchanie to – w odróżnieniu od słyszenia – zdolność człowieka polegająca na mobilizowaniu się, aby słyszeć.
Zaburzenia percepcji słuchowej mogą utrudniać dostęp do informacji dźwiękowej, zakłócać rozwój mowy i w konsekwencji negatywnie wpływać na funkcjonowanie dziecka w szkole. W rehabilitacji zaburzeń przetwarzania słuchowego czynności uwagi stymuluje się m.in. poprzez terapię słuchową.

Cel

Celem pracy jest porównanie wyników badań funkcji przetwarzania słuchowego – przed terapią i po terapii słuchowej Stymulatorem Polimodalnej Percepcji Sensorycznej Skarżyńskiego (SPPS-S) – grupy pacjentów Podkarpackiego Centrum Słuchu i Mowy
„Medincus” w Rzeszowie, u których zdiagnozowano zaburzenia przetwarzania słuchowego

Materiał i metody

Badaną grupę stanowiło 25 dzieci (20 chłopców i 5 dziewczynek) w wieku od 7 do 12 roku życia. Proces diagnostyczny składał się z wywiadu z rodzicem, badań audiologicznych oraz testów oceniających wyższe funkcje słuchowe. Do programowania terapii SPPS-S zastosowano wyniki: testu sekwencji częstotliwości dźwięku (FPT), testu sekwencji długości dźwięków (DPT)
oraz testu rozdzielnousznego cyfrowego (DDT).

Wyniki

Badane dzieci we wszystkich testach uzyskały znacząco lepsze wyniki po terapii SPPS-S w porównaniu do wyników przed
terapią. Największą poprawę, bo aż 40,5%, odnotowano w wynikach testu FPT. W teście DPT wyniki badanej grupy poprawiły się o 34%, w teście DDT UL o 14,3%, a UP o 13,8%. Po terapii słuchowej dzieci lepiej identyfikowały, rozpoznawały i rozróżniały docierające do nich dźwięki.

Wnioski

Badania potwierdziły skuteczność proponowanej terapii słuchowej SPPS-S. Polimodalne stymulowanie uwagi jest efektywnym treningiem funkcji słuchowych. Grupa badanych dzieci może odnieść znaczne korzyści z uczestnictwa w terapii słuchowej modyfikującej podstawowe mechanizmy słuchowe, które warunkują procesy poznawcze, takie jak: rozumienie mowy, uczenie się i pamięć
Ribose Moieties Acylation and Characterization of Some Cytidine Analogs
Authors: Rana Kazi M. , Ferdous Jannatul , Kawsar M.A. , Hosen Anowar
Published: January 2021

Modification of naturally occurring nucleosides is an important area in the search for new agents with therapeutic potential. In this study, nucleoside molecules, that is, cytidine analogs bearing ribose moieties were successfully synthesized to obtain 5´-O-acyl cytidine (2), which in turn was converted into 2´,3´-di-O-acyl cytidine (3–7) through direct acylation. Similarly, several cytidine analogs (8–15) were formed using the aforementioned technique. Physicochemical properties and spectroscopic methods were used to characterize the newly synthesized cytidine analogs. X-ray powder diffraction was employed for quantitatively identifying crystalline compounds. Hence, these synthesized derivatives can be used as potential antimicrobial agents and promising drug candidates
Entre integración y exclusión en el aula. Un estudio de caso comparado
Authors: Ortega Villaseñor Humberto
Published: January 2021

Esta investigación busca explicar las razones por las cuales se obtuvieron resultados dispares en los niveles de aprendizaje y percepción estudiantil de una materia denominada Diálogo intercultural con México, impartida por un mismo profesor a dos grupos distintos de alumnos de una institución educativa privada de nivel superior, localizada en Jalisco, México durante ciclos escolares subsecuentes: otoño de 2015 y primavera de 2016. Se analiza la guía de estudio, los procesos de evaluación del desempeño docente y algunas evidencias representativas del aprendizaje logrado por cada grupo, detectándose como único elemento de diferenciación significativo la relación igualitaria entre integrantes del primer grupo y su profesor frente al comportamiento excluyente del segundo.
TRADE AND COMPETITIVE COOPERATION OF THE EU WITH THE MAJOR INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION GROUPINGS
Authors: Zayats O. І.
Published: January 2021

The article examines the current interaction, convergence and the state of formalization of trade and competitive cooperation between the largest international integration groupings, namely, negotiating the free trade area between them and determining the possible prospects for the development of transregional integration. The aim of the study is to analyze the main trends of free trade zones and agreements between the European Union (EU), United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA), Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), South American economic organization (MERCOSUR), the impact of transregional integration on trade and investment activities of Member States and integration groupings in general. The analysis of current trends has indicated the strengthening of the momentum of the negotiations on free trade zones between international integration groupings and the establishment of the major global trend: the number and types of agreements on trade and economic cooperation not only between countries, but also between interstate integration groupings are growing, new free trade zones are being announced, and the range of concepts regarding competitive advantages is being extended. It has been determined that trade and competitive interaction of the global economy creates a stable platform for building up both economic and competitive force, which leads to global economic development and enhances hypercompetition. It has been proved that trade and competitive convergence of interstate integration groupings leads to new forms and mechanisms of activities organization and as a result, the prospects for the consolidation of free trade zones are emerging. Thus, the competitive position of international integration associations in the global economy is being strengthened due to active development of economic and trade cooperation, not only within the grouping of Member States, but also in the parallel process of interaction with non-Member States and with international integration groupings.
Difficulties with Replication and Vulnerability of Refutation: the Case of “Ego Depletion Effect”
Authors: Leontiev D.A.
Published: January 2021

The aim of the paper is highlighting problems associated with attempts to replicate well-known psychological experiments on the example of the effect of depletion of self-regulation resource, or “ego depletion” (Roy Baumeister). The publication of this effect in 1998 was followed by a long and rich history of its checking in varied modifications, attempts to investigate its neurophysiological basis, metaanalyses which provided incoherent results and alternative explanations. The discussions around this effect became especially active in the last five years, when several attempts were published to replicate the effect by joint efforts of a number of independent laboratories; the results were again contradictory. The limitations of the possibility of exact replications are shown on the example of these attempts. The replications, the results of which fail to reproduce the results of the initial study are not to be viewed without reservations as the proofs of invalidation of the initial study, even if they are performed methodologically faultlessly. At the same time, their value consists in the opportunities of considering additional conditions which were initially left without proper consideration, as well as in the emerging alternative explanations.
Heat Transfer Characteristics of a Coaxial Inverse Diffusion Flame Jet Impingement with an Induced Swirl
Authors: Badiger Shankar , Katti Vadiraj V. , Tumkur Anil R.
Published: January 2021

Flame jet has a wide range of applications in the industries and also in domestics field. The efforts have been put to enhance the heat transfer and to reduce the emissions from the premixed and inverse diffusion flame burners. Especially, the IDF burner suffers from lack of proper air and fuel mixing, the swirl generated motion from twisted tape would improve the combustion efficiency. Therefore, an aim of experiment is to study the heat transfer characteristics of an inverse diffusion flame (IDF) jet impinging on a flat surface in a coaxial tube burner with swirl. The twisted tape of 15mm pitch creates the swirl in the flame jet (Corresponding to the twist ratio of 3 and swirl number of 0.52). An effect of swirl at air jet Reynolds number of 1000 to 2500 and surface of the burner-to-impingement plate distance (H/da) varying from 2 to 20 is studied at fixed equivalence ratio (ϕ) of 1.1. An average heat flux and peak heat flux are studied for the region of 0<r/da<3 on an impingement plate. From an investigation, it is found that the swirling in the flame jet enhances the average heat flux by up to 179.2%. The maximum average heat flux is found at the optimal burner-to-target plate distance of 8.
Sequential Procedure for Improving the Efficiency of CI Engine by Using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Nagisetty Balaji Ganesh , Venkata Sri Hari Podala
Published: January 2021

This work provides a sequential approach to improve efficiency of Combustion Ignition engines which involves both performance and emissions by using the artificial neural network (ANN). In recent years continuous work is going on for improving the output and reducing the emissions especially for Combustion Ignition engines which are mostly used for transportation purposes. In view of the above, the experimental data of a four stroke Combustion Ignition engine is taken as reference. However, the experimental data is split into three categories as input data, target data and output data in neural networks. All these data are trained using neural network toolbar in MATLAB with ten hidden layers by which error deviation are calculated, in order to reduce error deviation between neural network and experimental values, design of inlet manifolds is varied and performance parameters along with emissions is calculated and compared with neural network values. The results showed minimum error over the emission and performance parameters of CI engines from the manifold designs and ANN model. These results provide a sequential approach to improve efficiency of Combustion Ignition engines with the help of neural networks.
Extent of Awareness on Halal Food Among Muslim Students Consumers of The University of Southern Mindanao
Authors: Datucali Nasruddin M. , A. Sali Najeeb Razul
Published: January 2021

Being Muslim residents of a non-Muslim country like the Philippines, awareness of the fundamental beliefs in Islam down to its most basic tenets are often times a challenging issue. This study focused on the extent of student awareness on halal products. Using quantitative research design the researchers surveyed 120 student consumers, the paper finds that with an overall mean score of 3.42, indicates that they are aware of the importance of adhering to the Islamic teachings of halal foods and agreed, with 2.85 total mean score, that the teachings of Islam on matters concerning halal is not limited only to food and drinks but to include all mu’amalat (day-to-day dealings of men with their fellows). Logistic Regression Analysis results show that with all participants’ demographic profile tested only secular and Islamic education is found to have statistical significant and are positively correlated with halal awareness. This study concludes that despite living in non-Muslim majority country where values and etiquettes is defined by dominant un-Islamic cultures and traditions in the country, Muslim are still well-guided and aware of their fundamental beliefs in Islam.
Consumer Behavior Changes Post Pandemic Covid-19
Authors: Maryati Tati
Published: January 2021

The Corona virus or Covid-19 which is unexpected will come to us, has an impact on health, economy and also humanity throughout the world and is able to fundamentally change the world. Supplements are disrupted because production is stopped, retail stores close, causing consumers to change their behavior, which had previously gone offline shopping. Not just shopping, when a pandemic, the way of thinking becomes different. Consumers around the world are looking for products and brands through new ways and new habits are formed. Online transactions focus more on basic products to make ends meet. The fact that Covid-19's anti-virus has not been found raises concerns about disrupted health and the Government's regulation to work and stay at home also raises concerns about disrupted businesses. Differences from habits and interests or preferences that are different for each person, provide different responses to the problems faced and solutions for the future. The habit of shopping offline has a tendency to continue for complementary products while food products are more directed towards offline. The rest eating habits at home can be continued because it provides more hygiene guarantees. The new habit of holding online meetings with distant relatives or colleagues will be increasingly considered given the many more positive things that can be obtained. Likewise with work problems, working from home is more interesting to consider because it is more efficient and effective and the results can be more productive. This new consumer behavior is adjusted to provide satisfaction for many parties, with the assistance of institutions or governments that oversee the security of supply and demand and maintain the stability of both.
People with excess body weight and weight discrimination in the labour market
Authors: Krogulec Martyna
Published: January 2021

This article addresses issues associated with the perception of obesity and being overweight in the labour market, and the issue of weight discrimination. Excess body weight has become a very serious social problem. The increase in rates of obesity and being overweight is a serious problem both for individuals and social policies in advanced societies. In some countries, over 50% of the population have excess body weight. The literature to date indicates that people struggling with being overweight and obesity are discriminated at work. Research shows that these individuals are believed to have lower leadership potential, a lower IQ and lower effectiveness compared to individuals of normal weight. For this reason, people with excess body weight are subjected to stigmatisation and discrimination, have limited chances of occupying managerial positions, and earn lower incomes. The article also shows whether and how overweight and obese people can defend their rights.
Culture of Lobotes surinamensis (Tripletail)
Authors: Saillant Eric , Lemus Jason , Franks James
Published: January 2021

The Tripletail, Lobotes surinamensis, is a pelagic fish found in tropical and sub-tropical waters of all oceans. Tripletails are often associated with floating debris and make frequent incursions in bays and estuaries where they are targeted by recreational fishermen. In Mississippi waters the species is typically present during the late spring and summer season that also correspond to the period of sexual maturation and spawning (Brown-Peterson and Franks 2001). Tripletail is appreciated as a gamefish but is also prized for its flesh of superior quality. The fast growth rate of juveniles in captivity documented by Franks et al. (2001) and the excellent quality of Tripletail flesh both contribute to the potential of this species for marine aquaculture. In addition, the production of cultured juveniles would be precious to develop a better understanding of the biology, early life history and habitat use of Tripletail larvae and juveniles, a topic largely undocumented to date, through experimental releases and controlled studies. The culture of tripletail thus supports the Tidelands Trust Fund Program through improved conservation of natural resources, potential enhancement of fisheries productivity and potential development of a new economic activity on the Gulf coast producing tripletail via aquaculture. The Objective of this project was to initiate development of methods and techniques needed to spawn captive held tripletail broodfish and raise their offspring to evaluate their growth and development in captivity. In this report we will present the results of studies aiming to develop methods and protocols for captive spawning of tripletail and the first data obtained on the early development of tripletail larvae. A major issue that was encountered with tripletail broodstock development during the project lied in the difficulties associated with identifying the sex of adults caught in the wild and candidates for being incorporated in mating sets for spawning. This issue was addressed during the course of the project by examining the potential of a non-lethal method of hormonal sexing. The results of these preliminary investigations are presented in the third part of this report. All protocols used in the project were determined with the guidance of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of the University of Southern Mississippi (USM IACUC protocol number 10100108).
Soil Fertility Appraisal for Pea Growing Regions of Himachal Pradesh using GPS and GIS Techniques
Authors: Thakur Nishant , Sharma Rakesh , Kumar Anil , Sood Kunal
Published: January 2021

Background: Overexploitation of productive lands creates serious problem of lowering the fertility status of soil and it leads to deterioration of soil. The deficiency of nutrients directly affects on the growth of crops and crop response become poor. Pea crop, like other plants, need different nutrients in varying quantities to achieve optimum growth and productivity. Soil fertility and its productivity are mainly affected by soil properties and nutrient status. Hence, it is necessary to assess the fertility status of soil with the consideration of available nutrients in soils and to recommend the specific nutrients for the proper management of soil. Methods: In this field-laboratory investigation during 2017-2019, about 135 geo-referenced soil samples were collected from 49 pea growing locations/ villages of Gohar and Sundernagar blocks of Mandi district. The collected (0-15 cm) soil samples were analyzed for different soil properties such as pH, electrical conductivity, soil organic carbon and available N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn content. Different thematic maps were prepared using Arc-GIS software version 10.2.1. Result: The investigations revealed that the soils were acidic to neutral in soil reaction and are in safe limits of electrical conductivity as the values were less than 0.8 dS m-1. Soil organic carbon status was found to be medium to high in surface layer. About 94.8 and 22.2% soil samples were recorded deficient in available N and Zn, whereas K, Cu and Zn were moderate in 53.3, 28.1 and 55.6% samples, respectively. On the basis of coefficient of variation, the soil pH and exchangeable Ca are least variable, whereas, available nutrients like N, Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn are moderately variable. However, electrical conductivity, OC, available P, K, S, Cu and Zn are highly variable in the samples under investigation. This information will also help to adopt effective strategy on fertilizer use and cropping pattern.
Las formas de tratamiento en la tradición académica del español
Authors:   Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Sampedro Mella María ,   Université Sorbonne Nouvelle-Paris 3
Published: January 2021

The study of the Spanish address forms constitutes one of the greatest challenges in the domain of the empirical research, due to their great variability in the level of the form and in the use of the language in the pan-hispanic context. In this work we focus, specifically, on the evolution registered in the presentation of the address forms in the Spanish academic tradition. For that, we have examined the address pronouns in the grammars published by the Royal Spanish Academy during the XX and the XXI centuries, or in those sponsored by this institution. In this analysis, we observe the differences between these publications, regarding the information included about the form and the use of the address pronouns tú, vos, usted/ustedes and vosotros: usted (and its plural ustedes) as a formal address form, the differences between the address forms in the European and the American Spanish, the tuteo and the voseo phenomena, and the sociolinguistic and pragmatic variables taken into account in the choice of the different address forms.
DEVELOPMENT OF JUNIOR SCHOOLCHILDREN’S ATTENTION AND MEMORY AT LESSONS
Authors:   Yaroslavl state pedagogical university named after K. D. Ushinsky, Ansimova Nina P. , Smirnova Anastasia V. ,   Secondary school № 36 of Rybinsk, Yaroslavl region
Published: January 2021

The article presents the results of the formative experiment in primary school, carried out directly in the training activity. The purpose of the experiment was to ensure a more effective development of the memory and thinking of junior schoolchildren during the development of educational material in basic subjects and, as a result, increasing their academic performance. The experiment was conducted with students of the second grades (control and experimental) of one of the schools in Rybinsk, studying according to the system «Elementary School of the XXI Century.» To develop attention and memory, a wide range of special exercises were used, included in the lesson plans on the relevant topics of the curriculum in Mathematics, the Russian Language, Literary Reading and the World Around Us (the article gives examples of exercises, the corresponding topics of the lesson, the content of the educational and methodological kit and the dates of classes). Before to start the experiment, students in both classes showed a low level of attention and memory development, so a class with lower performance indicators in most educational subjects was chosen as an experimental one. As a result of the experiment, the indicators of students’ memory development and attention in the experimental class improved significantly, while there were no changes in the control class, and the indicators of attention concentration even decreased. Performance in all subjects, both current and final, in the experimental class also became higher. Thus, the study showed that the effectiveness of the development of attention and memory of modern junior schoolchildren can be increased due to the special organization of educational activities, namely, the inclusion in the educational process of special exercises that do not take additional time in the lesson, but increase the motivation and performance of junior schoolchildren.
PSYCHOTECHNOLOGICAL POSSIBILITIES IN PERCEPTION OF A WORK OF ART
Authors:   Moscow pedagogical state university, Lopatkova Irina V.
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the substantiation of the psychotechnological possibilities of perceiving a work of art in the direction of psychotherapy, psychocorrection, psychological support for the formation and development of mental properties, personality traits. The artistic perception of works of art is considered in the article as an incentive and mechanism for initiating the processes necessary for adaptation, socialization, personality formation and development, identification, self-actualization, reflection, etc. A comparative analysis of scientists' approaches to understanding the content of psychotechnology is given, and conclusions are drawn that psychotechnology is a holistic, focused and thoughtful way of influencing the human psyche (groups of people). In accordance with this conclusion, an assumption is made about the psychotechnological properties of artistic perception, which is interpreted as an intellectual-emotional complex of impressions, opinions, judgments about the artistic image of a work of art, literature, arts and crafts, culture as a whole. Analyzing empirical data on perception and its results or consequences, for example, correlation with one’s personality, events of one’s life, influence on it, embodiment of the heroes of the novel in the works of its own creativity, images of the novel by M. A. Bulgakov «Master and Margarita», the author comes to the conclusion about the psychotechnological possibilities of artistic perception, as a way of interaction integrating the elements of the world and significant elements of the inner world of the person, including explications of the past, present and future, social and personal, correlated with perceived artistic image and enriched with personal content in the process of its perception. We consider such elements of artistic perception as an emotional reaction (in the totality of its elements), personal interpretation (as a process of correlating one's conceptual system with the system proposed by the author). The article presents some results of experimental studies and exposure of copyright options to use artistic perception as psychotechnology.
NEKRASOV'S DISCOURSE OF THE MODERN INTERNET SPACE
Authors:   Yaroslavl state theater institute, Erokhina Tatiyana I.
Published: January 2021

In modern culture, a special place is occupied by the Internet space, which is a space for obtaining information, communication, constructing virtual reality and self-realization of the individual. The Internet space has a multifunctional nature and is part of the media culture, in the context of which ideas about the creative personality, artistic creativity, and cultural memory are updated. The process of representation of a creative personality in the Internet space is especially actively developing during anniversary events and dates that form an informational occasion. On the eve of the 200th anniversary of Russian poet N. A. Nekrasov, the author of the article turned to understanding the Nekrasov discourse of the modern Internet space. The aim of the research is to analyze the Nekrasov discourse in terms of its representation, specificity, and functions. In the course of the study, the author considered options and ways to represent the poet's work on the Internet: special projects dedicated to the life and work of N. A. Nekrasov were analyzed. There is a tendency to represent biographical information about N. A. Nekrasov on the Internet, which transforms or destroys the stereotypical ideas about the poet received in the course of school education. Special attention is paid to the media technologies of the mythologization of the personality and creativity of N. A. Nekrasov, which are associated with the creation of new myths about the poet as a cultural hero who acquires a trickster beginning, and the mythologization of the Nekrasov chronotope is indicated. The author draws attention to the specifics of the Nekrasov discourse, which is associated with the creation of hypertext in the Internet space. The article considers the principles of hypertextual construction of the Nekrasov discourse, notes its non-linearity, actualization of the creative activity of the addresser and addressee, and features of modeling the Nekrasov text in the Internet space. The author outlined the main functions of the Nekrasov discourse that have informational and symbolic meaning, and noted its positive and negative connotations.
FACT VERSUS FICTION: FYODOR TYUTCHEV IN THE NOVEL BY A. GELASSIMOV «WIND-ROSE»
Authors:   Kostroma state university, Edoshina Irina A.
Published: January 2021

Issues of writing a famous historical person biography, as well as the problem of biographical data interpretation in a fictional text is actualized in the article. The designated problem defined the aim of the article and also a number of objectives related to reviewing the most significant aspects in present day biography studies, the relevance of creation and reconstruction (Y. M. Lotman) in biography writing, biography interpretation techniques and methods exemplified by the analysis of a personage in the novel by a contemporary scientist and writer A. V. Gelassimov (born in 1965). It is noted that the images of the novel lead characters – G. I. Nevelsky and E. Yelchaninova – are presented with undisguised sympathy and in accordance with their actual biographies, unlike that of F. Tyutchev. Seeking to understand the causes, yet with no loss of observation objectivity in the field of how and on what grounds, in A. V. Gelassimov’s concept, a personage can be created the author of the article addresses his Candidate’s dissertation/PhD dissertation. In this paper (despite its specific orientalist problematic) an auteur methodology reveals itself-gaining new meanings through proliferation of senses, their multiplication. In A. V. Gelassimov’s view, as a result, vice acquires an intriguing shade of a new meaning, fact distortion becoming an independent phenomenon and acquiring a beneficial function of influencing contemporaries’ minds. Further on, the author of the article elicits all the episodes connected with the character called F. I. Tyutchev, analyzes them pointing out all the cases of meanings multiplication and their novel verification aimed at the distortion of the poet actual life events. A. V. Gelassimov’s unflattering speeches about F. Tyutchev are exemplified, which is a direct evidence that the strategy chosen by the author to study ways of constructing the poet’s biography in the given literary text is correct and valid.
ONLINE PERSONALITY AS A CULTURAL PHENOMENON: DIALOGISM IN THE PRACTICE OF A MODERN BLOGGER
Authors:   Yaroslavl state pedagogical university named after K. D. Ushinsky, Ermolin Evgeny A.
Published: January 2021

Intensive information exchange and effective levers of horizontal democracy problematize the status of a journalist. The line between the audience and the producers of information is blurred. Non-traditional media projects are based on collaboration and dialogue. Media participation occurs when a person develops public activism and seeks to express himself publicly. In the article, such active people are defined as a trans-audience, and the new author is defined as a mediaprosumer. A journalist who is concerned with professional success finds himself as a blogger in the modern media situation. The blogger's online identity unfolds in a multi-vector way. The potential for dialogue inherent in posting as it is (the author's blog posts) is revealed during communication in the social network about the post. The concept of comment-communication is introduced, which is a system of dialogues and polylogues of different duration on different comment branches and often significantly transforms and develops the original topics of the post. When posting/comment-communication occurs situational interaction of a unique nature. The commentator personally addresses the author of the post, and the author personifies his response based on his understanding of the media network personality of this commentator. The two network dialog partners are mutually configured and integrated into each other. The number of such dialogical (and quite often polylogical, with the participation of several interlocutors) duels for one blogger is unlimited, except for his desire and the degree of professional self-mobilisation. On the other hand, the potential of a dialogue between different commenters is also realized in comment-communication, which does not always depend on the author of the post – the blog owner. The productivity of a dialogue is usually associated with the readiness and ability to adjust to each other. Many important meanings are revealed in the mode of personalized communication. The situation of network communication makes one of the central themes in personalistic thinking relevant – the problem of the Other. A blogger-journalist has a chance to acquire not only a resource of trust from the trans-audience that develops around his blog, but also a new quality of his online personality. In the online comment dialog, many mediaprosumer rediscover their own identity.
THE VALUE-SEMANTIC COMPONENT OF THE PSYCHOLOGIST’S PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY
Authors:   Vitus Bering Kamchatka state university, Frizen Marina A.
Published: January 2021

The research of value-semantic basics of psychologists’ professional activity is topical for the science of psychology and its practice. The results of the empirical research are displayed in this article and the purpose of this research is the studying of the value-semantic component of psychologists’ professional activity. Planning the research we assumed from the hypothesis that the value-semantic basics of professional activity in the aspect of its main focus and its semantic integration are qualitatively different among the psychologists who differ in the degree of fullness of the meaning of life; as a resource of mindfulness so a tendency to professional self-realization here are proper characteristics for those psychologists who are more thoughtful and independent with the choice of their profession along with satisfaction of the choice of their profession. The sample of the research is a group of 89 practicing psychologists. The clustering of the methodological indicators by the parameters of existential fulfillment at the first stage both by the parameters of subjective quality in the choice of a profession at the second stage allowed us to describe the value-semantic component of the professional activity among the psychologists who are different in the indicated signs. As a result, we've made the conclusions that the valuesemantic basics of the psychologist’s professional activity have specificity which is depended on how much the professional builds his life generally according to his own meanings and values and how positively he assesses his own professional choice. Those psychologists who fill their lives with meaning to a greater extent are oriented towards how the psychological profession multifaceted is along with its helping meaning; they integrate the organization and semantic aspects in their professional context, link their personal and professional values and meanings and realize themselves professionally. Those psychologists who fill their lives with meaning to a less extent they comprehend their professional activity through more external parameters, and they are focused on homeostasis with the surrounding society. A resource of mindfulness, a tendency to professional self-realization and understanding how important their professional activity is and proper characteristics for those psychologists who are more thoughtful and independent with the choice of their profession along with satisfaction of the choice of their profession; the psychologists with an average level of expression of these parameters of the choice of a profession are characterized by a certain inconsistency at their emotional level both less pronounced meaningfulness, and also they keep a certain distance from people in tensed situations.
modelo teórico para organizar e compreender as oportunidades de aprendizagem de professores para ensinar matemática
Authors: Ribeiro Alessandro Jacques , Ponte João Pedro da
Published: January 2021

Compreender como se constitui a aprendizagem de professores é uma importante área de pesquisa na formação de professores, com muitas questões em aberto a serem ainda investigadas. Assim, neste artigo, apresentamos um modelo teórico cujo principal objetivo é permitir o desenho de programas de formação de professores, bem como orientar a compreensão das oportunidades de aprendizagem profissional para os professores. Com base em nossos resultados de pesquisa em ensino e aprendizagem de álgebra e em uma revisão de literatura, descrevemos como o modelo foi elaborado e trazemos algumas situações ilustrativas para indicar o modelo “em ação” durante todo o processo de formação de professores. A arquitetura do programa permitiu que os professores experimentassem oportunidades de aprendizagem profissional vinculadas a conhecimentos matemáticos e didáticos sobre padrões e regularidades, bem como a oportunidade de aprender uns com os outros, superando o isolamento causado pelo trabalho diário em suas escolas e levando-os a explorar práticas próximas à própria realidade escolar.
Evaluation of Six Weekly Oral Fecal Microbiota Transplants in People with HIV
Authors: Utay Netanya Sandler , Monczor Ana N. , Somasunderam Anoma , Lupo Sofia , Jiang Zhi-Dong , Alexander Ashley S. , Finkelman Malcolm , Vigil Karen J. , Lake Jordan E. , Hanson Blake , DuPont Herbert L. , Arduino Roberto C.
Published: January 2021

Background: Reduced microbiota diversity (dysbiosis) in people with HIV (PWH) likely contributes to inflammation, a driver of morbidity and mortality. We aimed to evaluate the safety and tolerability of 6 weekly oral fecal microbiota transplants (FMT) administered to reverse this dysbiosis.Methods: Six PWH on suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) received 6 weekly doses of lyophilized fecal microbiota product from healthy donors. Shotgun sequencing on stool before, after last FMT, and 20 weeks thereafter was performed. Inflammation and gut permeability biomarkers were measured.Results: Median age at week 0 was 39 years, CD4+ T cell count 496 cells/mm3, HIV RNA levels <20 copies/mL. FMT was safe and well-tolerated. Alpha diversity increased in 4 participants from weeks 0 to 6, including the 3 with the lowest alpha diversity at week 0. At week 26, alpha diversity more closely resembled week 0 than week 6 in these 4 participants. Metagenomic analysis showed no consistent changes across all participants. One participant had high gut permeability and inflammation biomarker levels and low alpha diversity that improved between weeks 0 and 6 with a shift in distribution.Conclusions: Weekly FMT was safe and well-tolerated. Alpha diversity increased in participants with the lowest baseline alpha diversity during the treatment period. Future randomized, controlled trials of FMT should consider evaluating PWH with greater inflammation, gut damage, or dysbiosis as this population may be most likely to show a significant response.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03329560