bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RELATING RISK AND PROTECTIVE FACTORS TO YOUTH REOFFENDING: A TWO-YEAR FOLLOW-UP
Authors: MacRae Leslie D. , Bertrand Lorne D. , Paetsch Joanne J. , Hornick Joseph P.
Published: June 2016

This article presents findings of a retrospective longitudinal study of youth reoffending in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Increasingly, the examination of risk and protective factors in the youth reoffending literature is grouped into five general domains: individual, family, peer, school, and community. For purposes of the present study, data on each of these factors were obtained from interviews and probation file reviews for a sample of 123 youth who had various levels of involvement in the youth justice system. These baseline data were collected from July 2006 to July 2007. Reoffending was tracked for two years following the interview using police contact data. Descriptive findings indicated that, overall, youth who possessed risk factors in each domain had a higher average rate of reoffending. Stepwise linear regression analysis revealed that in the individual domain, a history of purchasing illegal drugs, stealing a car or motorcycle, and committing an assault with a weapon, as well as a diagnosis of ADD/ADHD, were significantly related to the extent of reoffending. In the peer domain, gang affiliation was significant. In the community domain, the presence of gangs in the community was significant. None of the predictors in the family or school domains were significant. Implications for future Canadian research are discussed.
ROLLING OUT SNAP® AN EVIDENCE-BASED INTERVENTION: A SUMMARY OF IMPLEMENTATION, EVALUATION, AND RESEARCH
Authors: Augimeri Leena K. , Walsh Margaret , Slater Nicola
Published: June 2016

This article describes the evolutionary process of developing, disseminating, and implementing an evidence-based intervention model for children in conflict with the law. Stop Now And Plan (SNAP®), a Canadian, evidence-based gender sensitive model for young children in conflict with the law, was initiated in 1985 in response to the de-criminalization of children under 12 in Canada. This community-based model is well validated for its efficacious outcomes on reducing problem behaviours in this high-risk population, helping to shift the trajectory of criminal outcome. The article describes the lessons learned during the evaluation, implementation, and replication of SNAP® and the resulting creation of a stringent implementation approach. Currently under the management of the Centre for Children Committing Offences (CCCO), replication sites known as SNAP® Affiliates, enter into a formalized licensing agreement that includes assessing site readiness and theoretical philosophy, ongoing training and consultation, and an accreditation quality assurance process. This formalized approach has been adopted to ensure sites are able to deliver the highest quality of service and to replicate successful outcomes, changing life course trajectories of these high-risk children and families.
ALL CHILDREN ARE EQUAL, BUT SOME ARE MORE EQUAL THAN OTHERS: MINORITIZATION, STRUCTURAL INEQUITIES, AND SOCIAL JUSTICE PRAXIS IN RESIDENTIAL CARE
Authors: DeFinney Sandrina , Dean Mackenzie , Loiselle Elicia , Saraceno Johanne
Published: June 2016

This article draws on our practice and research experience in diverse residential settings to examine structural inequities facing children and youth in residential care. Our overall goal is to conceptualize residential care as a site for radical advocacy and social change. We track the impact of minoritization by exploring links between historical structural inequities and the positioning of minoritized groups as being in need of professional intervention. Drawing on queer, anti-racist, Indigenous, postcolonial, and feminist theories, we explore how interplaying processes of racialization, gendering, classing, and sexualization (among others) produce unequal circumstances for some groups of children and youth in residential care. We situate our critique in an analysis of two important structural forces that shape contemporary social services in the West: neoliberalism and neocolonialism. We propose that employing a critical social justice analysis in our engagement with children, youth, families, and communities – and with the systems in which they and we are embedded – can open alternative possibilities for residential care praxis.
“SINGLE MOTHERS BY CHOICE”: DISRUPTING DOMINANT DISCOURSES OF THE FAMILY THROUGH SOCIAL JUSTICE ALTERNATIVES
Authors: Ajandi Jennifer
Published: June 2016

This paper seeks to disrupt the dominant narrative of victimhood associated with the single mother family status. There are many barriers and difficulties associated with this status such as economic insecurity and political and social stigma. However, there are also many rewards and possibilities that make this family status desirable and rich with possibilities. Single mother families challenge the dominant paradigm of heteronormativity found within the notion of traditional nuclear family households. Drawing on critical feminist and queer theoretical perspectives and qualitative research from my doctoral studies, I will discuss how participants created a new narrative for themselves and their children. In particular, I focus on single mothers engaged in critical pedagogy and curriculum and community activism to seek connections with others who also viewed their families from a strengths perspective. “Single mothers by choice” establishes itself in its own right as a formidable alternative to dominant notions of the “family”.
SEEKING SOLUTIONS WITHOUT CENTERING PROBLEMS: FROM RESEARCH TO PRACTICE
Authors: Newbury Janet , Hoskins Marie
Published: June 2016

While it is often a commitment to social justice ideals that bring people to the helping professions as practitioners, our theories and approaches to care are often service-oriented and expert-driven. Such an orientation to helping often focuses more on individual change – that is, changing those who are experiencing difficulties – than it does on systemic or collective change. The current article offers one very accessible possibility for practitioners who have adolescent clients. By incorporating photo elicitation into the helping relationship, the social nature of “social” problems can be acknowledged and attended to, gently nudging the boundaries of practice in a way that is more contextualized, centering possibilities rather than problems.
COURAGEOUS CONVERSATIONS IN CHILD AND YOUTH CARE: NOTHING LOST IN THE TELLING
Authors: Yoon Jin-Sun
Published: June 2016

Following the tradition of Indigenous and Korean elders with whom I have had the great privilege to work and learn from, I would like to start by sharing my gratitude for the land that we are on. In this way, we ground ourselves spiritually, emotionally, and physically by acknowledging the presence of our ancestors (current and past) in everything we do.

 

I am a child immigrant from South Korea so I want to acknowledge that this is not the Indigenous land of my ancestors. I would like to point out the privilege of being a visitor who can work, play, and raise my family on unceded traditional Coast and Strait Salish territories. Back in the early 1990s, the First Nations House of Learning was opened while I was a graduate student at the University of British Columbia. At that time, I understood that it was important to acknowledge traditional territories. What I used to believe was basic protocol in the presence of Indigenous people and during ceremonies has now been transformed to an embodied way of living that guides me in my daily practice.

 
NOMADIC YOUTH CARE
Authors: Skott-Myhre Kathleen
Published: June 2016

It has been argued that the field of child and youth care is founded on a relationship. Generally, this relationship has been posited as being between two identifiable subjects, a worker and a child or youth. In this paper, I will argue for both a different theoretical framework and significant rethinking of the human individual as the central player in a relation of care. In recent writings on feminist thought, several authors have proposed what they have termed nomadic feminism. This work focuses on developing a theory of the human organism that is no longer centered in a binary with nature. What if we began to see care as an interdependent bringing together of all elements in our environment? What if we began to think consciously about the mingling of human and non-human form as platform for experimentation? What might happen if we broke down the rigid distinctions between staff and youth, neighborhood and agency, male and female, gay and straight, our racial and ethnic identities, not so much to abandon them but so as to open them to experiment, to see what bodies can do together?
PARENTAL MONITORING AND RISKY BEHAVIOR IN BAHAMIAN YOUTH
Authors: Stanton Bonita , Jones Giavana , Chen Xinguang (Jim) , Dinaj-Koci Veronica , Deveaux Lynette , Lunn Sonja , Brathwaite Nanika , Gomez M. Perry
Published: June 2016

Adolescent involvement in risk behaviors is a concern that crosses geographical and cultural boundaries. Research has identified a number of factors that influence child behavior outcomes. This study explored the role of perceived neighborhood problems, parent-child relationships, and parental monitoring, as they relate to engagement in risk behaviors among a sample of 497 Bahamian early adolescents. Contrary to the hypothesized direction, results of the latent growth model showed an increase in perceived parental monitoring over the four-year period. Consistent with our hypotheses, adolescents who reported greater monitoring reported less involvement in sexual activity, less involvement in physical fights, and less alcohol consumption. Positive interactions between parent and child also significantly predicted the initial status and rate of change of parental monitoring.
YOUNG PEOPLE’S EXPERIENCES IN YOUTH-LED PARTICIPATORY ACTION RESEARCH FOR HIV/AIDS PREVENTION
Authors: Goto Keiko , Tiffany Jennifer , Pelto Gretel , Pelletier David
Published: June 2016

As part of a project in the UNICEF-initiated “What every adolescent has a right to know” (RTK) program, qualitative interviews were conducted with youth (13 to 21 years of age) who were reached through a youth-led participatory action research (PAR) project. The interviews were conducted with both urban and rural participants in a Caribbean country where potential exposure to HIV/AIDS represents a significant threat to young people’s health. The purpose of the study was to examine how a truly youth organized PAR effort was perceived by the adolescents who were reached through the project. The results suggest that the central role played by youth researchers (the PAR community leaders) created a mode of participation that facilitated the collaboration of at-risk and marginalized youth. The type of engagement created was distinct from modes of participation fostered when adults alone worked with youth.
EXPLORING THE LINK BETWEEN SCHOOL ATTENDANCE, DEVELOPMENTAL ASSETS, AND SOCIAL CAPITAL IN A FIRST NATIONS COMMUNITY
Authors: Sanderson Kim , Hutchinson Bonnie , Grekul Jana
Published: June 2016

In Alberta, concerns about the state of educational achievement among First Nations students have been widely reported. Academic literature has well established the link between poor school performance and delinquency. Miyo Wahkohtowin Community Education Authority of Ermineskin First Nation in Hobbema (“Miyo”) has identified one of its major concerns to be low attendance rates among many students. Based on the significant body of work related to risk and protective factors in school-aged children by the Search Institute of Minneapolis, and research related to social capital in Aboriginal communities by Mignone and O’Neil (2005) and others, this study draws on the standard Developmental Asset Profile developed by the Search Institute, and Mignone and O’Neil’s (2005) standardized questions related to cultural and social capital in Aboriginal communities. Results from a survey administered to high school age students (n = 69) and attendance rates for the students, reveal a strong correlation between attendance rates and developmental asset scores. On the other hand, no correlation was revealed between attendance rates and sense of cultural heritage, or perceptions of a positive community context. Implications for building assets and social capital among youth, and strengthening community attachments are discussed.
EXPLORING INFLUENCES ON MENTAL HEALTH AFTER INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN
Authors: Carter-Snell Cathy , Jakubec Sonya L.
Published: June 2016

Women who have experienced intimate partner violence or sexual assault are well known to have extremely high rates of mental illness such as post-traumatic stress disorder and depression, as well as high rates of chronic illness, re-victimization, and suicide. The purpose of this in-depth analysis of the literature was to determine the relative impact of selected risk and resilience factors and the quality of existing evidence. The analysis of risk and resiliency pertaining to mental health impacts was guided by a social-ecological model, examining individual, relationship, community, and societal influences. An improved understanding of these factors and the quality of evidence underlying them can inform future research and interventions aimed at preventing or reducing the mental health impact of these crimes, and point to a direction for more inclusive examinations of the literature.
“IF EVERYONE COPIES ME, THAILAND WILL BE SO MUCH BETTER OFF”: THE POWER OF VERBAL IRONY IN YOUTH CONVERSATION
Authors: Cameron E. Leslie , Hedman Lea , Didkowsky Nora , Tapanya Sombat , Cameron C. Ann
Published: June 2016

This paper explores the types of verbal irony employed by resilient youth in spontaneous conversation and examines how they use this irony to navigate potentially challenging psychosocial terrain. We documented and analyzed instances of irony in the spontaneous speech of adolescent participants in an international, ecological study of resilience using quasi-naturalistic and participatory visual methods. We found irony to be co-constructively utilized by the youths we studied. They spontaneously used many types of irony to mute criticism and avoid embarrassment. These resilient youth, who were thriving under adverse circumstances, used irony in a positive way to facilitate affiliation with their friends and family.
RESILIENCE IN CHILD WELFARE: A SOCIAL WORK PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Hurley Dermot J. , Martin Lisa , Hallberg Rhonda
Published: June 2016

This study explores the concept of resilience as it is applied in child welfare practice from the perspective of front line child protection workers (CPWs). Specifically it examines how CPWs understand the concept of resilience and how they see themselves nurturing resilience in children and families. The paper also explores how working with resilient clients helps foster resilience in CPWs through a process of vicarious or shared resilience. This study is part of a larger three-site study conducted in Canada, Ireland, and Argentina examining the concept of resilience within specific socio-cultural contexts of child protection practice.
CO-LEARNING IN YOUTH-ADULT EMANCIPATORY PARTNERSHIPS: THE WAY FORWARD?
Authors: Shaw-Raudoy Katie , McGregor Catherine
Published: June 2016

Youth engagement continues to be a priority issues for Canadian governments and policy-makers. The focus on young people often negates the critical role that adults play in the process and implementation of youth engagement activities. The following article examines the evolution of youth engagement in Canada, and identifies the key theories and ways of thinking about involving youth that currently guide the field. The article attempts to examine how well-meaning adults concerned with genuine youth engagement re-imagine the possibilities of youth-adult engagement by exploring the ideas of adults and youth sharing civic learning outcomes, emancipatory goals, and iterative forms of reciprocal co-learning.
A MOVEMENT TO BELONG: THE GREEN MOVEMENT AS A SITE OF CITIZENSHIP
Authors: Nabavi Maryam , Mahboub Romina
Published: June 2016

Drawing on ethnographic data collected in 2010, this paper unpacks the notion of social citizenship as it bears on the lives of young Iranian immigrant activists in Canada. Drawing on our researcher and activist standpoints, we examine activist youth’s involvement in the Green Movement – a global movement of dissent in response to the 2009 presidential elections in Iran. In doing so, we move beyond the duality of identity and belonging as mediated by a sense of nationhood to either Iran or Canada. Rather, through the lens of social citizenship, we shed light on the ways in which the Green Movement, as an activist practice, was a space of emancipation. We explore the ways in   which support for and momentum of an initiative created and led by youth enabled them to engage as citizens in ways that challenged the notion that citizenship is defined merely by geographic borders; globalized social, cultural, and political contexts were more significant in characterizing their citizenship.
SPEAKING RIGHTS: YOUTH EMPOWERMENT THROUGH A PARTICIPATORY APPROACH
Authors: Cooper Amy , Nazzari Vincenza , Kon Kam King Julie , Pettigrew Annie
Published: June 2016

Using Equitas’ Speaking Rights Program as a best practice example, this article outlines the essential practices and conditions of a participatory approach to human rights education for youth, and explores how this approach effectively supports youth empowerment. The authors maintain that programs that use a participatory approach to human rights education are more likely to engage youth in actions for social change within their communities. They suggest that youth workers who are trained and well equipped to address issues that are on the minds of youth are critical in helping youth develop the skills and motivation to participate.
INTRODUCTION TO THE SPECIAL ISSUE ON ALTERNATIVE PATHWAYS IN EDUCATION FOR DISENFRANCHISED CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE IN THE AUSTRALIAN CONTEXT
Authors: Shay Marnee , Morgan Ann , Lampert Jo , Heck Deborah
Published: June 2016

 

Introduction to the Special Issue on Alternative Pathways in Education for Disenfranchised Children and Young People in the Australian Context.

 
STICKABILITY, TRANSFORMABILITY AND TRANSMITTABILITY: ALTERNATIVE, PULL-OUT PROGRAMS WITHIN SCHOOLS — WHAT THE LITERATURE SAYS ABOUT EFFECTIVE PRACTICE AND PROVISION FOR DISENFRANCHISED YOUNG PEOPLE
Authors: Zyngier David , Black Rosalyn , Brubaker Nathan , Pruyn Marc
Published: June 2016

This paper draws on the findings of a recent and extensive literature review to examine the efficacy of pull-out education programs (alternative programs) in schools in relation to student learning, well-being, and pathways. It synthesises the research on alternative education programs and their contribution to student outcomes using three main conceptual categories: how sustainable these programs are — their stickability; how effective these programs are in achieving their stated purpose of improving and enhancing vulnerable students’ learning, well-being, and pathways — their transformability; and how these programs may be used successfully in other locations and contexts — their transmittability. It concludes with recommendations for future practice, suggesting that school systems should prioritise prevention and early intervention in providing support to vulnerable students in ways that take account of students’ own reasons for why they are disengaged from schooling.
The Criminalization of Human and Humanitarian Smuggling
Authors: Watson Scott
Published: June 2016

This paper critically examines how states manage international migration through the criminalization of smuggling. I contend that the smuggling narrative relies on three categories to reduce the ambiguity associated with smuggling and undocumented migration: smugglers/humanitarians, legal/illegal entry, and agents/victims. The insistence on pure and unambiguous categories has renderd migration legible to states by denying the complexity of international migration, redefining humanitarian practices, reinforcing problematic depictions of organized crime and humanitarian actors, and denying the culpability of the state in the prevalence and danger of smuggling.
Migration and Gender Politics in Southeast Asia
Authors: Yeoh Brenda
Published: June 2016

As a region that has experienced major socio-political and economic transitions in recent decades, Southeast Asia provides a rich and variegated terrain to explore the gendered lives and experiences of men and women in a globalizing world of increased migrations and mobilities. Relations of equality and complementarity between Southeast Asian men and women have long been thought to be a regional characteristic (Andaya 2007) but much has changed in recent times. Deeper incorporation of the region into the global world order provides a mobile context shaping the gendered experiences and micropolitics that men and women sustain in reproducing and resisting socio-cultural change and economic development. By the closing decades of the twentieth century, Southeast Asian women, in particular, have seen their lives transformed by rapid but uneven economic growth and development, the penetrating reach of global capital and international business, the strengthening of economic-cum-cultural nationalisms, the accelerated pace of urbanization, downward trends in fertility, and the increasing feminization of labor migration in the region (Yeoh, Teo and Huang 2002). At the same time, Southeast Asian men are also experiencing pressures to perform masculine subjectivities differently or more flexibly, even if deep-seated transformations in gender ideologies or scripts are more resistant to change (Hoang and Yeoh 2011; Ford and Lyons 2012).
MLC 2015 Keynote: Undocumented: The Architecture of Migrant Detention
Authors: Chak Tings
Published: June 2016

Since 2006, nearly 100,000 people have been jailed indefinitely in Canada, without charge or trial. This is the reality of immigration detention in Canada, a reality that is mostly invisible. Migrants are incarcerated because they are undocumented. Likewise, there is little trace to be found of these sites of detention: drawings and photos are classified; access is extremely limited. The detention centres, too, are undocumented. This presentation highlights the graphic novel, Undocumented: The Architecture of Migrant Detention, which details the banality and violence of sites and contrasts them with stories of daily resistance among immigration detainees. This work is grounded in grassroots organizing in solidarity with immigration detainees through No One Is Illegal – Toronto and the End Immigration Detention Network.
MLC 2015 Keynote: What’s at stake in the Mobility of Labour? Borders, Migration, Contemporary Capitalism
Authors: Mezzadra Sandro
Published: June 2016

The talk starts with a short discussion of some influential works on the mobility of labour in historical and contemporary capitalism. Drawing upon a book I recently published with Brett Neilson, Border as Method, or, the Multiplication of Labour, I then discuss the significance of the proliferation of borders in the global age from the point of view of “late” capitalism. In the last part of the talk I focus on the subjective stakes of the politics of migration, providing instances from many parts of the world (including the Asia-Pacific region).
Eni Lestari in Conversation with Annalee Lepp
Authors: Lepp Annalee
Published: June 2016

Eni Lestari is an Indonesian domestic worker and migrant rights activist who has been working in Hong Kong since 1999. She is the current chairperson of the International Migrants Alliance (IMA), the first global alliance of grassroots migrants’ organizations, founded in Hong Kong in 2008. She is also the current chairperson of the Association of Indonesian Migrant Workers in Hong Kong (ATKI). Lestari is also a current board member of the Global Alliance Against Trafficking of Women (GAATW). In January 2016 she sat down with Annalee Lepp, Chair of the Department of Gender Studies at the University of Victoria, to talk about her experiences as a migrant worker and activist.
Terroir and precision viticulture: are they compatible ?
Authors: Bramley Robert G. V. , Hamilton R. P.
Published: June 2016

Aims: The aims of this work were to see whether the traditional regionallybased view of terroir is supported by our new ability to use the tools of Precision Viticulture to acquire detailed measures of vineyard productivity, soil attributes and topography at high spatial resolution.

Methods and Results: A range of sources of spatial data (yield mapping, remote sensing, digital elevation models), along with data derived from hand sampling of vines were used to investigate within-vineyard variability in vineyards in the Sunraysia and Padthaway regions of Australia. Zones of characteristic performance were identified within these vineyards. Sensory analysis of fruit and wines derived from these zones confirm that contrasting wines may derive from different areas within the same, uniformly-managed vineyard.

Conclusions: The performance of vineyards is variable whether yield, fruit quality, wine quality, wine style or value is the measure of interest. The tools of Precision Viticulture enable both growers, winemakers and researchers to see that within vineyards deemed characteristic of a region, terroir is spatially variable at the within-vineyard scale.

Significance and impact of the study: Whilst precision viticulture raises questions about the utility of the concept of terroir at regional scales, it has much to offer in promoting robust understanding of the impacts of soil and land attributes on grape and wine production, and thus, how management practices might be modified to gain greater control over fruit and wine quality. Accordingly, at least some of the elements of terroir can be considered to be manageable.
Yeast and bacteria analysis of grape, wine and cellar equipments by PCR-DGGE
Authors: Renouf Vincent , Strehaiano Pierre , Lonvaud-Funei Aline
Published: June 2016

Aims: Microorganisms play an important role in winemaking. Most of their metabolisms are beneficial to the wine quality but several species have spoilage effects. Microbiological knowledge are crucial for improving species and strains identification and avoiding contamination by spoilage agents. Our objective was to follow wine microbial consortia at each stage of the process from grapes to bottles, and also on cellar equipment surface: barrels for the yeast analysis and tanks for the bacteria analysis.

Methods and results: For a global microbial monitoring, molecular tools are particularly efficient. We chose the PCR-DGGE for direct analyses without cultivation step. We used the rpoB gene as target for the bacteria, and the 26S rRNA gene for the yeast. Species inventories were made during the whole winemaking process, which had never been done before.

Conclusion: From the grape surface to storage in bottles, the microbial diversity decreased. Only the most resistant species were able to survive to the ethanol, SO2, low oxygen and low pH constraints. Among them, Pediococcus parvulus for the bacteria and Brettanomyces bruxellensis for the yeast were the most resistant.

Significance and impact of study: The use of a molecular method independent of the culture stage of the microorganisms like the PCRDGGE has allowed to have a more exhaustive vision of the diversity of the bacteria and yeasts species and to follow their evolution during the winemaking and in the cellar environment . These follow-ups could be extended to other estates in order to study the causes and the consequences of certain variations. The detection of these two prejudicial species was an argument for the PCR-DGGE approach in wine microbial studies.
Influence of edapho-climatic factors on grape quality in Conca de Baberà vineyards (Catalonia, Spain)
Authors: Ubalde Josep Miquel , Sort Xavier , Poch Rosa Maria , Porta Miquel
Published: June 2016

Aims: Soil and climate of 3vineyards located in Catalonia (Spain) have been characterized in order todetermine their influence on grape quality (yield and berry composition).

Methods and results: All 3 plots are very close, so only interannual climatic data of the nearest meteorological station have been considered. Besides determining chemical and physical properties of soils, the soil water availability has been characterised using capacitance sensors for the period from 2003 to 2005. Both yield and berry composition data were available from Miguel Torres Winery. Climatic data and water availability explained 70% of vintage variability and soil data explained 28% of vintage variability. The edapho-climatic factors had generally a high power of estimation of yield and quality of grapes (R2 > 0.75). Climate appeared to be the most influencing factor, followed by water availability, in particular for models referring to must data. Generally, soil data had influence on yield and some must data.

Conclusion: The edapho-climatic data explain most of the vintage variability and have a high power of estimation on grape quality.

Significance and impact of study:This study remarks the importance of a global approach which takes inot account at least climate and soil water availability to understand the functioning of vines and evolution of berry composition.
The soil component of terroir
Authors: White Robert Edwin , Balachandra Lilanga , Edis Robert , Chen Deli
Published: June 2016

Aims: The aim of this paper is to review examples, taken from New World and Old World vineyards, for which soil physical, chemical or biological properties have influenced a site's terroir, expressed through the personality of the wines.

Methods and results: Literature results are presented, together with the results of new research on the control of N uptake and soil N mineralization by Sauvignon Blanc vines at a high fertility site, by withholding irrigation and using different inter-row cover crops.

Conclusion: Withholding irrigation from pre-fruit set to veraison restricted N uptake by the vines, leading to better berry quality parameters without significantly affecting Baumé oryield.

Significance and impact of study: The results confirm the importance of a regulated supply of water and N at critical stages of vine phenology for achieving optimum fruit quality.
Thermal imaging as a viable tool for monitoring plant stress
Authors: Stoll Manfred , Jones Hamlyn G.
Published: June 2016

Aims: The objective of this paper was to describe an approach to the use of thermal data for shaded leaves rather than areas fully exposed to the sun. Secondly to make use of infrared thermography as a powerful tool to measure effects of solar radiation on berry temperature.

Methods and results: Thermal images were obtained with a long-wave thermal imager. There is often less variability within an image for a shaded portion of the canopy than for a sunlit canopy. The temperature frequency distributions of sunlit leaves displayed a far wider range of temperature variation compared to shaded leaves.

Conclusion: With thermal imagers it is feasible to select precisely the leaves for investigation. The remote sensing approach using infrared thermography combined with techniques available for image analysis open up a number of opportunities for comparative studies such as screening activities.

Significance and impact of study: Infrared thermography can be implemented as a first line of detection to determine the onset of plant stress due to changes in stomatal aperture. This approach can give reliable and sensitive indications of leaf temperature and hence to calculate stomatal conductance.
New technologies and methodologies for site-specific viticulture
Authors: Tisseyre Bruno , Ojeda Hernán , Taylor James
Published: June 2016

Aims: This paper makes a brief overview of the tools and methods that have already been released or are currently under development to assess production variability in vineyards. It also reviews the main results published to date on the amount of variability observed in both yield (quantity) and grape quality at a within-field scale and some implications that the nature of the variation has for site-specific management.

Methods and results: This paper is a review that presents the main experimental results from a recent assessment of the within-field variability of the main parameters in grape production : yield, sugar content, pH, vigour and also vine water status and its link with harvest quality. Information on the spatial structure of production variation is of importance as it provides an idea of how site-specific management may be applied to a particular field. Finally, one of the key points in viticulture is the assessment of the vine water restriction and its variability, over both time and space.

Conclusion: The collection of high-resolution spatial information on crop production is now possible in viticulture. This information includes measurements of the local environment, including soil, canopy growth and the final quantity and quality of production. These new technologies and methodologies will allow growers and viticulturists to consider new management methods, more efficient experimental designs and provide a better understanding of the vine production system.

Significance and impact of study: Precision viticulture tools and methods offer great opportunities in perennial cultivations, like winegrapes. Nevertheless, there are also challenges facing the viticulture industry before widespread adoption of such technologies will occur.
Water economy by Italia grapevines under different irrigation treatments in a Mediterranean climate
Authors: Ezzahouani Aziz , Valancogne Charles , Pieri Paolo , Amalak T. , Gaudillère Jean-Pierre
Published: June 2016

Aims: A study was conducted to compare traditional vineyard irrigation (TI) using one drip emitter per vine, and partial root zone drying irrigation (PRD) using two drip emitters per vine (one per each vine side), at 2 rates of water application (controlled deficit (TI4 and PRD4) and non limiting (TI8 and PRD8)).

Methods and results: Individual vine transpiration and vine water status were estimated from sap flow measurements by a stem heat balance method and midday stem water potential. The quality of the harvest was not significantly changed by the treatments. However, the vegetative growth was lower for the low irrigation rate treatments (TI4 and PRD4) and the PRD8 (compared to TI8). The total amount of water transpired by the vines during the season was estimated to 147 l/m2 without water limitation. A limiting water supply (TI4) lessened vine water use and improved the fraction of supplied water trapped by the vines (81 % for TI4 and 66 % for TI8). PRD decreased the transpiration of the vines, but also the efficiency of use of irrigation water.

Significance and impact of study: Limited water supply saved water and improved the water capture efficiency by the roots of the vines. PRD irrigation saved water but the vine water capture efficiency was lower, limiting the practical interest of the method.
Genetic characterization of Sardinia grapevine cultivars by SSR markers analysis
Authors: De Mattia Fabrizio , Imazio Serena , Grassi Fabrizio , Lovicu Gianni , Tardáguila Javier , Failla Osvaldo , Maitt Chiara , Scienza Attilio , Labra Massimo
Published: June 2016

Aim: The objective of the present study is to investigate the molecular characteristics of Sardinian grapevine cultivars to evaluate cases of synonyms and false attributions to protect local agro-biodiversity.

Methods and results: The SSR analysis (13 loci) has been used to define the DNA fingerprint and the relationships with Sardinian grapevine cultivars. Results highlighted a high genetic variability among the accessions, with the Dice coefficients performing from 0 to 0.8. Despite the genetic richness, thirteen groups of redundant genotypes were detected. Molecular analysis refers of cultivars harbouring the same SSR profile but different berry colours such as cultivars Licronaxu Bianco and Nero and Moscatello Bianco and Nero. It could by hypothesized that Licronaxu and Moscatello could derive from a specific retrotransposon-induced mutation event in genes regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis.

Conclusion: Sardinian germplasm has a real problem of cultivar identification probably due to different factors such as the absence of an exhaustive ampelography, problems in the language to name varieties and the existence of cultivars sensitive to biotic and abiotic stresses producing evident morphological modifications leading to mistakes in recognising and identifying properly the affected plants. However, our molecular results suggest that high grape-biodiversity is still preserved in this region.

Significance and impact of study: Results of this work clarified the relationships among grapevine cultivars and provided a solid basis to improve a regional grapevine collection.
Modeling Decisions for Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Torra Vicenç , Narukawa Yasuo , Miyamoto Sadaaki
Published: June 2016

This special issue presents seven papers that are revised and expanded versions of papers presented at the 2nd International Conference on "Modeling Decisions for Artificial Intelligence" (MDAI). This conference, that took place in Tsukuba (Japan) in July 2005, was the second of the series of MDAI conferences that were initiated in 2004 in Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain). In April 2006, the third edition was held in Tarragona (Catalonia, Spain) and the fourth one is planned in Kitakyushu (Japan) in August 2007. These series of conferences were initiated to foster the use of decision related tools as well as information fusion technologies within artificial intelligence applications. In this issue, we present enhanced version of seven papers presented in the conference. The first paper describes a tool that uses fuzzy logic and neural networks for assigning a treatment to rheumatism. The selection of the appropriate treatment follows oriental medicine. The second paper by Wanyama and Far describes a tool for trade-off analysis to be used in those situations related with decision making in which there is no dominant solution. The third paper is devoted to autonomous mobile robots. The authors describe a multi-layered fuzzy control system for the self-localization of the robot. Two papers devoted to fuzzy clustering follow in this issue. First, one that presents a regularization approach with nonlinear membership weights. One of the proposed methods makes not only possible to perform attraction of data to clusters but also repulsion between different clusters. The second paper on clustering proposes the simultaneous application of homogeneity analysis and fuzzy clustering through the consideration of an appropriate objective function that includes two types of memberships. The sixth paper presents a tool for e-mail classification. The tool brings the name of FIS-CRM that stands for Fuzzy Interrelations and Synonymy Conceptual Representation Model. The issue finishes with a paper on meta-heuristic algorithms for a class of container loading problems. To finish this introduction, we would like to thank the referees for their work on the review process as well as to thank Prof. Hirota, Editor-in-Chief of this journal, for providing us with the opportunity to edit this special issue. The help of Kazuki Ohmori and Kenta Uchino from Fuji Technology Press Ltd. is also acknowledged.
Peace Education Knowledge, Attitudes, Values and Skills (KAVS) of Pre-Service Teachers
Authors: Pendon Guiller P.
Published: June 2016

Pre-service teachers who were acquainted with the schemes of peace education can be an agent of transformation in the global society and must place peace education in their heart as future teachers. A sample of 80 students of WVSU-Janiuay Campus was chosen through stratified sampling. Data were gathered with the aid of peace education awareness questionnaire-checklist adapted from Castro & Galace (2008).  It utilized the descriptive design to collect, analyze and classify data on the level of awareness of the pre-service teachers on the Knowledge, Attitudes, Values and Skills (KAVS) schemas of peace education.  The combined scores of pre-service teachers were aware of peace education’s knowledge, attitudes, values and skills areas. When classified as to course, the BEED, were aware while the BSED were very aware. Both male and female were aware. Those with high grade point average were very aware while those with average and low grade point average were aware of the peace education schemas. As an entire group, the attitudes and values scores of the respondents were aware and when grouped according to course, it showed that all respondents were very aware. Both sexes were aware of peace education KAVS.
Are Fines An Effective Sanction?
Authors: Pendon Guiller P.
Published: June 2016

The study explored the perception of fourth year students on the implementation of monetary sanctions as fines for non-attendance in school activities. The study examined the extent in which fines were perceived, whether or not this fines would be re-imposed or not in the future. The study employed descriptive and qualitative designs. Descriptive data was obtained through a questionnaire checklist. There were 12 respondents who were interviewed and their responses were summarized and interpreted accordingly. The findings revealed that the respondents have poor perceptions on the implementation of fines in the form of monetary sanctions while the qualitative data seems to prove that respondents considered fines as an effective sanction to improve students’ attendance in school activities. 
Gene expression programming and genetic algorithms in impedance circuit identification
Authors: Janeiro Fernando M. , Ramos Pedro M.
Published: June 2016

Impedance circuit identification through spectroscopy is often used to characterize sensors. When the circuit topology is known, it has been shown that the component values can be obtained by genetic algorithms. Also, gene expression programming can be used to search for an adequate circuit topology. In this paper, an improved version of the impedance circuit identification based on gene expression programming and hybrid genetic algorithm is presented to both identify the circuit and estimate its parameters. Simulation results are used to validate the proposed algorithm in different situations. Further validation is presented from measurements on a circuit that models a humidity sensor and also from measurements on a viscosity sensor.
High-speed multichannel impedance measuring system
Authors: Da Silva Marco Jose , Dos Santos Eduardo N , Vendruscolo Tiago P
Published: June 2016

In this paper, a novel high-speed multichannel impedance measuring system in presented. The measurements are based on simultaneous excitation with two distinct frequencies to interrogate the multiple sensing point of a given sensor. Received signals are analogue-to-digital converted (with a DAQ card) and the amplitudes of each frequency are determined using FFT implemented in LabVIEW. The capacitive and conductive parts of impedance are calculated based on amplitude measurements. The developed system can operate 8 transmitter and 8 receiver electrodes at a frame repetition frequency of up to 781 Hz, i.e. single channels are sampled at 6,248 Hz. The system has been evaluated by measuring reference components. Deviations from references values are below 10% which considering the fast repetition frequency of measurements is satisfactory. The developed system was applied to visualize the fluid distribution over the surface of planar multipoint sensor. Two different liquids (oil and water) and air were evaluated and their spatial distribution over the sensor’s surface was correctly visualized.
Low distortion signal generator based on Direct Digital Synthesis for ADC Characterization
Authors: Adad Walter Fabian , Iuzzolino Ricardo Javier
Published: June 2016

This paper presents a low distortion signal generator with a frequency range from 0 to 10 kHz using the direct digital synthesis (DDS) method for ADC characterization. The results show that the maximum distortion in the whole frequency range is -80.37 dB, the frequency resolution is 1.421 nHz (with a 48-bits DDS chip), the stability in frequency is 25 µHz/Hz and the amplitude stability is 13 µV/V.
Editorial by the President of IMEKO
Authors: Kang Dae-Im
Published: June 2016

Congratulations on the first publication of ACTA IMEKO
Introduction to the ACTA IMEKO issue dedicated to selected papers presented in TC4 at the XXth IMEKO World Congress
Authors: Saliga Jan
Published: June 2016

This editorial is a brief introduction to the ACTA IMEKO issue dedicated to selected papers presented at the XXth IMEKO World Congress and focused on measurement of electrical quantities (TC4). The congress took place in Busan, Republic of Korea in September 2012.
Metrological atomic force microscope and traceable measurement of nano-dimension structures
Authors: Gao Sitian , Lu Mingzhen , Li Wei , Shi Yushu , Li Qi
Published: June 2016

<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: å®‹ä½“; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-GB">The quantity assurance in semiconductor industry development requires dimensional measurement with nanometer accuracy. A metrological AFM is designed to establish a traceable standard with nanometer uncertainty. The principle and design of the instrument is introduced in this paper. The displacement of the sample is traced to the SI unit by interferometers. The metrological AFM is applied to step height and line width measurement. The results are compared with optical instrument and profilometer. The metrological AFM is used to step height measurement in an international comparison and the result shows an uncertainty less than <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: å®‹ä½“; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;" lang="EN-CA">2 nm. The application of metrological AFM in line width and pitch are also introduced.
Testing GPS generated 1PPS against a rubidium standard
Authors: Ogrizovic Vukan R , Marendic Jadranka , Renovica Snezana , Delcev Sinis¡a , Gucevic Jelena
Published: June 2016

GPS receivers are often used in time-keeping applications, due to their availability, low price and high accuracy. We tested the capability of the GPS receiver to deliver a time-keeping accuracy needed for the time-critical applications, such as astrometry measurements, when a microsecond or better level of accuracy is needed in real-time. We tested a geodetic class GPS receiver against a rubidium standard, over a 24 hours period. In the overall view, the accuracy corresponds to the nominal values. However, we experienced outliers with the certain regularity that we could not explain with cycle-slips or the experiment set-up.
The implementation of FPGA for data transmission between ADC and DSP peripherals in the measurement channels for power quality assessment
Authors: Masnicki Romuald , Mindykowski Janusz , Hallmann Damian
Published: June 2016

The paper presents the FPGA Xilinx Spartan 3 series implementation in an analog data acquisition system, in particular consisting of nine ADCs and the TigerSHARC DSP processor. Because of different standards of ADC and DSP data interfaces, the exchange of data between them requires the use of an intermediary device for combining their communication ports. The procedures for sending data from the ADC to the FPGA buffers, their conversion and subsequent transmission to the TigerSHARC DSP are described. The digital representations of ADC analog input signals are sent to the FPGA through three lines of serial interface at the physical layer compatible with the SPI standard. After processing in the FPGA they are sent to the DSP, with the four-line interface in the LVDS standard. The paper discusses the properties of related interfaces, standards, procedures and control of ADC issues as well as the algorithms of the FPGA configuration program and functions implemented in this system. Selected results of functional testing are shown.