bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis pengaruh indeks saham asing terhadap indeks harga saham gabungan dengan pendekatan Error Correction Model
Authors: Nuraeni Risky , Panjawa Jihad Lukis
Published: June 2021

The Composite Stock Price Index (IHSG) is a composite index of many shares listed on the stock exchange and their movements show conditions that occur in the capital market. JCI is confident of macroeconomic factors and foreign exchange indexes. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the Dow Jones Index, the Straits Time Index, the Hang Seng Index, the Nikkei 225 Index, and the FTSE 100 Index on the composite price index. The research method used is the Error Correction Model (ECM). In the short term, the DJIA and FTSE 100 variables have a positive effect on the JCI, the STI and Hang Seng variables have no significant on the JCI, while the Nikkei 225 has a negative effect on the JCI. In the long term, the DJIA and STI variables have a positive effect on the IHSG, the JSI and FTSE 100 variables have no effect on the IHSG, while the Nikkei 225 variable has a negative effect on the JCI.
L’impatto della laurea magistrale sui redditi da lavoro
Authors: Ferri Valentina , Tesauro Giuliana
Published: June 2021

L’articolo è finalizzato a valutare l’impatto del conseguimento della laurea magistrale sui redditi da lavoro. Sulla base dei dati dell’indagine sull’inserimento professionale dei laureati (Istat), effettuiamo anzitutto la stima dei redditi da lavoro con correzione à la Heckman. Successivamente stimiamo l’effetto medio del Trattamento sui trattati (ATET) attraverso il propensity score matching (PSM). Concludiamo con i test di sensitività basati sulla simulazione con calibrated confounders. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The paper provides new evidence on Italian graduates’ earnings in their early careers comparing wages for workers who had a master’s degree with those for workers who had a bachelor’s degree four years after graduation. The data used in this article come from the Italian National Institute of Statistics. In order to mitigate a potential selection bias into treatment (master degrees), we conducted a propensity score matching (PSM) analysis and we estimate the Average Treatment on the Treated. Further we perform a sensitivity analysis based on the simulation with calibrated confounders.
Shelter from the Storm: crisi e welfare in Italia negli anni Duemila
Authors: De Minicis Massimo
Published: June 2021

Obiettivo del paper è analizzare la natura, le caratteristiche e le dimensioni quantitative della serie di interventi pubblici che durante le crisi globali degli anni Duemila (2008-2009/2020) hanno determinato misure di sostegno reddituale per i lavoratori colpiti dagli effetti del crollo economico. Si delineerà, quindi, la natura, la struttura e la dinamica attuativa di tali misure, inserendole in un percorso storicamente riconoscibile di evoluzione del nostro modello di protezione sociale. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The aim of the paper is to analyze the nature, characteristics, and quantitative dimensions of public interventions that provided income support to workers who have suffered the effects of the economic collapse during the crises of the 2000s (2008-2009/2020). The paper will outline the nature, structure, and implementation dynamics of such measures. These policies will be placed in a historically recognizable development path of the Italian social protection model.
Frederick Douglass's Prospective Aesthetic Theory
Authors: Kelly Michael
Published: June 2021

Frederick Douglass developed an aesthetic theory during the Civil War in four lectures entitled “Life Pictures,” “Lecture on Pictures,” “Age of Pictures,” and “Pictures and Progress.” But his aesthetic theory is underestimated by Douglass scholars and others, often in favor of his various types of aesthetic practice, such as photography, autobiography, and speeches. There are several reasons to give Douglass's aesthetic theory its due. First, we can recognize that Douglass self-consciously engaged in theory to combat the racist belief that, being black, he was incapable of expounding any philosophy. Second, we can understand why he was convinced that art was able to contribute to abolition and racial equality. Third, we can better appreciate the aesthetics of Douglass's picture making, speeches, political activities, and lived experiences if we know more about his theoretical account of them. Prospectively, many key elements of contemporary critical aesthetic theory are present in Douglass's aesthetic theory.
Two Kinds of Postracialism
Authors: Massey Heath
Published: June 2021

Philosophers who work on race and racism have been reluctant to embrace the notion that the United States is, or will soon be, a postracial society. For many, this view is refuted by a wealth of evidence that racism persists in many forms and that race continues to have a significant impact on one's life chances. Nevertheless, some critics of postracialism have refused to reject it in principle or have exempted a particular variety of it from their critiques. This essay attempts to show that the ideal of a postracial society is actually a combination of two contradictory tendencies, each defined by its temporality. Distinguishing these tendencies allows us to see that there are two fundamentally different types of postracialism with contradictory assumptions and conflicting priorities.
A REGULAÇÃO DA AQUISIÇÃO DE IMÓVEL RURAL POR ESTRANGEIRO NO BRASIL E SEUS IMPACTOS NA CAPTAÇÃO DE RECURSOS AO AGRONEGÓCIO SOB A PERSPECTIVA DE DIREITO E ECONOMIA
Authors: Rebechi Felipe Luís
Published: June 2021

Por meio da aplicação do ferramental teórico e empírico desenvolvido pela Economia, com destaque à sua teoria científica do comportamento humano, a disciplina de Direito e Economia, ou Análise Econômica do Direito, propõe-se a ampliar a compreensão do fenômeno jurídico. Neste trabalho, valendo-se da abordagem que a Análise Econômica do Direito confere aos direitos de propriedade, analisa-se a problemática que envolve o marco legal que regula a aquisição de imóveis rurais por estrangeiros no Brasil, Lei nº 5.709/1971, com destaque à interpretação do Parecer AGU/ LA nº 01/2010 da Advocacia-Geral da União e seus impactos nos custos de transação relacionados às operações de captação de recursos externos ao agronegócio brasileiro. Estuda-se, ademais, com o objetivo contribuir com os debates, as alterações promovidas pela Lei nº 13.986/2020 (Lei do Agro) e as propostas do Projeto de Lei nº 2.963/2019, identificando suas esperadas consequências, especificamente, no que se refere ao rol de garantias (imobiliárias) disponíveis aos credores estrangeiros.
TRIBUNAL PENAL INTERNACIONAL E GEOPOLÍTICA: UMA COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE O BRASIL E OS ESTADOS UNIDOS DA AMÉRICA
Authors: Furtado Érika Rigotti
Published: June 2021

As transformações decorrentes do processo de globalização, encetado com o fim da Guerra Fria, são objeto de estudo de diversos pensadores na atualidade, dado o complexo emaranhado resultante deste cenário. Entre as questões inseridas neste contexto encontra-se a instituição do Tribunal Penal Internacional como uma Corte permanente, com competência para julgar pessoas e não Estados, nos crimes contra a humanidade, de guerra, de genocídio e de agressão. Considerando que o acolhimento das normas do TPI implica na mitigação da soberania estatal, como decorrência do princípio da complementariedade de da jurisdição universal, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo verificar se a adoção dos termos do Estatuto de Roma pelo Brasil pode ser considerada como uma medida de natureza geopolítica. O estudo valeu-se, assim, da comparação entre as posturas brasileira e norte-americana acerca do TPI, podendo perceber um límpido posicionamento de preservação dos preceitos da soberania, por parte dos Estados Unidos da América, enquanto a postura do Brasil apresenta-se destituída de nítidos contornos estratégicos.
PROJEÇÕES PARA OS EFEITOS DO AUMENTO DO NÍVEL DO MAR NO SUCESSO REPRODUTIVO DE TARTARUGAS MARINHAS NO BRASIL
Authors: Nassar Paula Rodrigues , Barreto Jonathas , Schiavetti Alexandre
Published: June 2021

As mudanças climáticas já estão ocorrendo globalmente e a forma com que gestores e cidadãos irão responder a essas mudanças dependerá da rapidez das ações em contê-las e principalmente o conhecimento sobre o assunto. As tartarugas marinhas podem ser consideradas espécies sentinelas, como um indicador da saúde dos oceanos e do meio ambiente. Um dos impactos das mudanças climáticas sob as populações de tartarugas marinhas é a perda de praia de desova frente à elevação do nível do mar. Para isso, este estudo projetou possíveis perdas de área de desovas de três espécies de tartarugas marinhas (Caretta caretta, Eretmochelys imbricata e Dermochelys coriacea) em quatro áreas reprodutivas do litoral brasileiro. Foram coletadas variáveis ambientais das praias e dos ninhos. Ninhos na zona de vegetação e com altas taxas de eclosão podem indicar um sucesso reprodutivo dessas espécies em áreas mais distantes da maré, caso seja necessário a redistribuição espacial dos ninhos. Notouse que praia de perfil dissipativo seria o tipo de perfil mais prejudicado pela elevação do nível do mar, e no presente estudo, apenas E. imbricata apresentou desovas regulares na praia com essa morfodinâmica. Praias de perfil intermediário, nas quais foram observadas ninhos das três espécies, estariam sujeitas a impactos diferentes em cada projeção, dependentes principalmente da largura e da declividade da praia.
ENSINO E DIVERSIDADE NA FRONTEIRA: CONTORNOS FLUIDOS, DESENHOS MÓVEIS
Authors: Melo Fernando Vilela de , Limbert Rita de Cássia Aparecida Pacheco
Published: June 2021

Este trabalho aborda a importância do “Programa Escolas Interculturais de Fronteira” em desenvolvimento, atualmente, na fronteira entre Brasil e Paraguai, entre o estado de Mato Grosso do Sul e o departamento de Amambay, nas cidades-gêmeas de Ponta Porã e Pedro Juan Caballero, nas respectivas escolas “João Brembatti Calvoso” e “Defensores del Chaco”. Para a clara compreensão da necessidade do programa, faz-se, antes de sua abordagem, a conceituação de dois termos essenciais: “Língua Materna” e “Fronteira”. Por fim, mostra-se como o ensino intercultural bilíngue constitui importante ferramenta para o conhecimento recíproco das populações e o fortalecimento da identidade fronteiriça. Com a utilização de conteúdo teórico vindo da linguística e demais ciências humanas, análise de documentos referentes ao projeto, visitas às instituições e entrevistas com participantes, busca-se desvelar desde os motivos pelos quais o programa foi implantado até seus perceptíveis resultados positivos.
DA EXPERIÊNCIA FOTOGRÁFICA AO ACONTECIMENTO ESTÉTICO: OUTROS MODOS PARA PENSAR A DOCENCIA E A FOTOGRAFIA ENTRE BRASIL E COLOMBIA
Authors: Bello Oscar Yecid Bello
Published: June 2021

Este trabalho trata da experiência docente em fotografia e a relação com a noção de acontecimento estético na produção de conhecimento. Problematizando-o, a partir dos conceitos de produção de verdade, experiência e estética da existência, acontecimento desenvolvidas entre outros por Michel Foucault. O trabalho deriva de uma investigação do doutorado em andamento, e uma investigação de mestrado concluída. Tem como materialidade experiências de ensino da fotografia em contextos sociais com crianças e jovens. em contextos educativos latino-americanos contemporâneos. Esta materialidade consiste em experiências do pesquisador como docente de fotografia em espaços extracurriculares de ensino de fotografia entre Brasil e Colômbia assim como experiências de outros docentes de fotografia no Brasil com o intuito de trazer a tom a conversação de acontecimentos que podem nos ajudar a pensar outras formas de produção e modos de vida, e de verdade nos docentes fotógrafos. A partir da experiência fotográfica, entendida como uma prática de produção de pensamento e conhecimento, se constitui como um caminho metodológico de pesquisa, desde a qual permite pensar outras formas de abordar as experiências estéticas como propiciadores de experiências. No centro da investigação está o debate entre arte, estético e ético, empreendido a partir das noções trazidas e desenvolvidas por os autores que fazem parte do corpo teórico do trabalho. As conclusões comtemplam que são necessárias ações de formação e pesquisa docente que possam experimentar outros caminhos de produção de conhecimento que questões dos conceitos da verdade, experiência e conhecimento no campo da arte e da educação.
MONITORAMENTO E AVALIAÇÃO DO PMSB DE VITÓRIA COM ÊNFASE NOS SEUS PROGRAMAS DE ABASTECIMENTO DE ÁGUA TRATADA E ESGOTAMENTO SANITÁRIO: PROPOSIÇÃO DE INDICADORES E MÉTRICAS
Authors: Oliveira Cecília Montibeller , Romanel Celso , Costa Ernani de Souza
Published: June 2021

O saneamento básico, constitui-se como fator essencial para o desenvolvimento do país. A Lei nº 11.445/2007, estabelece a obrigatoriedade da elaboração dos Planos Municipais de Saneamento Básico (PMSB), no intuito de eliminar ou reduzir a distribuição desigual do acesso aos serviços. O objetivo geral deste trabalho é propor um modelo de avaliação de PMSBs que permita identificar os conteúdos previstos na legislação, avaliando também a qualidade dessas informações, com enfoque no monitoramento e avaliação dos programas de abastecimento de água tratada e esgotamento sanitário, com o auxílio de um método híbrido multicritério de apoio à decisão. A metodologia compreendeu pesquisa bibliográfica e documental; adaptação do Roteiro de Avaliação de PMSB, no intuito de qualificar os planos; construção de um quadro lógico de programas de saneamento básico para a posterior proposição de indicadores candidatos e respectivas métricas; emprego de um método híbrido de apoio à decisão; e desenvolvimento de um estudo realizado no âmbito dos Programas de abastecimento de água tratada e esgotamento sanitário propostos pelo PMSB de Vitória, visando demonstrar a aplicabilidade do modelo. Destacam-se como resultados um novo modelo avaliação de PMSB e de monitoramento e avaliação (MA) de programas de saneamento básico, propostos pelos PMSBs; a ferramenta de seleção e classificação de indicadores visando à melhoria contínua de programas de saneamento básico e dos PMSBs; e um conjunto consistente de 17 indicadores de MA para o programa de abastecimento de água tratada e 14 indicadores para o programa de esgotamento sanitário do PMSB de Vitória.
GESTÃO DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS EM MUNICÍPIO DE PEQUENO PORTE: DIAGNÓSTICO DA SITUAÇÃO ATUAL E PROPOSTA DE MELHORIAS
Authors: Souza Guilherme Emanuel de Queiros , Silveira Carole
Published: June 2021

A gestão integrada de resíduos sólidos urbanos é uma ferramenta fundamental para o correto gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos. O objetivo principal do presente trabalho foi realizar uma análise da situação atual do gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos em um município de pequeno porte do Estado do Paraná, bem como, propor melhorias para serem implementadas visando alcançar as normas e leis propostas neste trabalho. Esta análise do município iniciou-se por meio de uma visita a campo para conhecer a realidade do local, focando na gestão dos resíduos adotada. O trabalho se caracteriza como um relato de caso, com consultas bibliográficas e como principal instrumento metodológico a visita técnica. Os resultados obtidos no estudo são pertinentes para promover uma reformulação no sistema de gerenciamento do município, além de propor medidas para alcançar as diretrizes estabelecidas na Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos, as quais possam aprimorar a qualidade de vida da população e do meio ambiente.
Jak tworzyć przyjazną przestrzeń w mieście? Partycypacja w rewaloryzacji przestrzeni zdegradowanych na przykładach z Katowic
i Chorzowa
Authors: Swoszowska Justyna
Published: June 2021

Celem artykułu jest analiza zrewaloryzowanych przestrzeni publicznych na przykładzie projektów autorstwa katowickiego biura SLAS Architekci: skweru Adamskiego w Katowicach i Strefy Aktywności w Chorzowie. Prezentowane realizacje są wykonane na podstawie koncepcji projektowych, które powstały w wyniku dialogu architektów, inwestora i użytkowników. W efekcie współdziałania zbudowano przestrzenie atrakcyjne dla użytkowników oraz doceniane przez profesjonalistów. Wnioskiem z artykułu jest konkluzja, że projektowanie oparte na zasadach partycypacji jest jednym z warunków kreowania przyjaznych przestrzeni w mieście, a sukces, który odniosły opisane realizacje, może świadczyć o widocznej w projektowaniu stref publicznych zmianie jakościowej.
Methods of Tibiofibular Syndesmosis Fixation
Authors: Piotrkowski Michał , Poszepczyński Jan , Domżalski Marcin
Published: June 2021

The tibiofibular syndesmosis is a ligamentous structure connecting the distal ends of the tibia and fibula. This article presents and compares the available methods of treatment of syndesmosis injuries. Current publications from the online database PubMed and relevant available books are analysed and compared with AO Surgery guidelines. Metal and bioabsorbable syndesmotic screws and the suture button technique, including all possible modifications of these approaches, are compared. The focus is on the technical aspects of the procedures, functional outcomes and complications of these procedures. According to the literature, the best long-term functional outcomes are obtained with the dynamic fixation method involving the suture button. This fixation technique is closest to a physiological connection, there is no need to subsequently remove the implant and return to work is faster. Given all this, the popularity of this fixation technique can be expected to increase dynamically.
Komputerowe badania symulacyjne metodami statycznymi wpływu architektonicznych rozwiązań elewacyjnych na ilość światła dziennego w pomieszczeniach biurowca
Authors: Masły Dariusz
Published: June 2021

artykule przedstawiono symulacje komputerowe wpływu architektonicznych rozwiązań elewacyjnych, systemów doświetlających oraz systemów ochrony przeciwsłonecznej na ilość światła dziennego w pomieszczeniach biurowca. W badaniach zastosowano metody statyczne. Symulowano warunki nieboskłonu w pełni zachmurzonego oraz czystego. Wyniki pokazały, że każdy element dodany do części przeszklonej elewacji (półki świetlne lub przesłony przeciwsłoneczne) znacznie obniża natężenie promieniowania słonecznego w warunkach nieboskłonu zachmurzonego, co powoduje w Polsce, że ilość światła naturalnego przez wiele dni w roku spada poniżej akceptowalnego poziomu. Ponadto badania wykazały, że półki świetlne równoważą rozkład natężenia oświetlenia w pomieszczeniu, co podnosi komfort wizualny.
Verkehrshaus der Schweiz od Gigon/Guyer Architekten jako junk playground
Authors: Balcer-Zgraja Małgorzata
Published: June 2021

Celem opracowania jest zbadanie rozwiązań przestrzennych Verkehrshaus der Schweiz pod kątem pełnionej funkcji edukacyjnej. Zestaw metod badawczych: przegląd i analiza dostępnej literatury przedmiotu, źródeł internetowych, badania empiryczne in situ. Krytyczna analiza porównawcza zebranych danych posłużyła wyprowadzeniu wniosków. Verkehrshaus w Lucernie to współczesne muzeum edukacyjne korzystające z XX-wiecznych wzorców architektury dla dzieci.
CLARA Review: Kourou, N & G. Bourogiannis. Ρυθμοί της Κυπριακής Κεραμικής: Σύντομη Επισκόπηση με βάση τη Συλλογή του Αρχαιολογικού Μουσείου του Τμήματος Ιστορίας και Αρχαιολογίας του Εθνικού και Καποδιστριακού Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών
Authors: Papalexandrou Nassos
Published: June 2021

The material and visual culture of Cyprus in Greece is represented by two important public collections in Athens, the Thanos Zintilis Collection at the Museum of Cycladic Art, and the collection of Cypriot Antiquities at the National Archaeological Museum in Athens. Both are quantitatively and qualitatively hefty and are wonderfully exhibited in displays that seek to convey to laymen and expertsalike the complexity, interconnections and cultural vigour of Cyprus over several millennia.The handy compendium by Nota Kourou and Giorgos Bourogiannis publishes an equally important, but not as easily accessible to a wider public, collection of Cypriote ceramics at the Archaeological Museum of the University of Athens. This is a didactic collection for students of history, art and archaeology in this institution whose curriculum has regularly included subjects on the art and archaeology of Cyprus since the 1980s.
Das Kompensationsverbot bei der Steuerhinterziehung
Authors: Kuse Amelie
Published: June 2021

§ 370 para. 4 sentence 3 of the German Fiscal Code (AO) is a highly controversial provision in terms of its purpose and scope of application. It is increasingly subject to constitutional criticism. The thesis shows to what extent the so-called prohibition of compensation rule (Kompensationsverbot) is still justified today.

For this purpose, fundamental questions of tax evasion are examined and the case law on § 370 para. 4 sentence 3 AO is systematised and critically reviewed. Based on these findings, the paper identifies legal criteria for the applicability of the regulation and addresses the question of whether and when it also has effects beyond the scope of tax evasion. In the final part of the thesis, problems with respect to § 370 para. 4 sentence 3 AO arising from the new regulations on voluntary disclosure are examined.

The work adresses scholars and practitioners of business and tax criminal law.
Verfahrensfragen bei der Anpassung von Verträgen nach § 313 BGB
Authors: Bielefeld Benedikt
Published: June 2021

When codifying the german equivalent to the frustration of purpose, it was a declared intent of the legislator to facilitate out-of-court negotiations between the parties. Instead of recognizing a substantive obligation to negotiate, the work makes use of various instruments of procedural law to promote this goal.

Section 313 of the German Civil Code also poses problems with regard to substantive res judicata: Since the goal of the adjustment is not predetermined and several adjustment variants are usually possible, the question arises to what extent a final judgment that decides on one of these variants stands in the way of later adjustment claims of a different content. This paper examines this question and presents a model solution.
3. indlæg: Foretag tilretninger i publiceret artikel og opret helt ny version
Authors: Frederiksen Niels Erik
Published: June 2021

Her kan du se det tredje indlæg, der blev vist på vores webinar 10. juni 2021
Sound field reconstruction of structural source based on element radiation superposition method
Authors: Shi Sheng-Guo , Gao Yuan , Zhang Hao-Yang , Yang Bo-Quan ,   Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China,   Key Laboratory of Marine Information Acquisition and Security (Harbin Engineering University), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology; Harbin 150001, China,   College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
Published: June 2021

In order to improve the sound field reconstruction accuracy of distributed structural source, a new near-field acoustic holography is established based on the element radiation superposition method (ERSM). In the proposed method, the surface of structural source is divided into several regular pistons. The sound field of structural source is considered as the superposition of sound field of pistons. Firstly, we compare the sound field calculated by ERSM with that by Rayleigh's integral. It is proved that ERSM is quite accurate in sound field prediction. Based on ERSM, a vibration acoustic transfer (VAT) function is derived. The VAT function has computable analytical expression and embodies the transfer relationship between the structural source surface and the radiated sound field. The VAT function can precisely characterize the acoustic propagation of continuous distributed coherent sources. Subsequently, we employ the VAT function to replace the Green's function, and apply the VAT function to sound field reconstruction. Different with the equivalent source method (ESM) which is widely used in sound field reconstruction, ERSM directly divides the piston-sources on the surface of structural source rather than constructing the equivalent point-sources on a plane behind the structural source. Furthermore, we introduce a weight matrix into ERSM and iteratively calculate the vibration velocity for a more accurate result, and we call the proposed method as iterative weighted ERSM (IWERSM). In this paper, the simulations and experiment of sound field reconstruction of a rectangular plate are performed. In the proposed method, the rectangular plate is divided into several rectangular pistons. The reconstruction results of ERSM and IWERSM are compared with that of ESM and iterative weighted ESM (IWESM) respectively. The reconstruction accuracies at different distances between the plate and array (test distances) are analyzed. The simulation results show the accuracy of ERSM and IWERSM are better than that of ESM and IWESM respectively. With the increase of test distance, the phenomenon is more obvious, and IWERSM even shows a good reconstruction accuracy while the test distance is more than half a wavelength. The experiment results also validate that ERSM and IWERSM have better reconstruction accuracy than ESM and IWESM respectively at the same test distance. In a word, the simulations and experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can improve the sound field reconstruction accuracy of regular structural source and expand the valid test distance of near-field acoustic holography.
Single-cell transcriptomics defines heterogeneity of epicardial cells and fibroblasts within the infarcted murine heart
Authors: Hesse Julia , Owenier Christoph , Lautwein Tobias , Zalfen Ria , Weber Jonas F , Ding Zhaoping , Alter Christina , Lang Alexander , Grandoch Maria , Gerdes Norbert , Fischer Jens W , Klau Gunnar W , Dieterich Christoph , Köhrer Karl , Schrader Jürgen
Published: June 2021

In the adult heart, the epicardium becomes activated after injury, contributing to cardiac healing by secretion of paracrine factors. Here, we analyzed by single-cell RNA sequencing combined with RNA in situ hybridization and lineage tracing of Wilms tumor protein 1-positive (WT1+) cells, the cellular composition, location, and hierarchy of epicardial stromal cells (EpiSC) in comparison to activated myocardial fibroblasts/stromal cells in infarcted mouse hearts. We identified 11 transcriptionally distinct EpiSC populations, which can be classified into three groups, each containing a cluster of proliferating cells. Two groups expressed cardiac specification markers and sarcomeric proteins suggestive of cardiomyogenic potential. Transcripts of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and HIF-responsive genes were enriched in EpiSC consistent with an epicardial hypoxic niche. Expression of paracrine factors was not limited to WT1+ cells but was a general feature of activated cardiac stromal cells. Our findings provide the cellular framework by which myocardial ischemia may trigger in EpiSC the formation of cardioprotective/regenerative responses.
AI based Armed Surveillance Robot
Authors: Ghorpade Suraj V , Bhatt Vrindha Sham , B P Aruna Rao
Published: June 2021

This paperwork focuses on robots which perform functions such as Target Firing, Surveillance and Metal Detection. Around the border areas where regular conflicts take place, there is a need for an automated mechanism to take immediate actions in case of invasion from the intruders and to reduce the human loss. In such areas, equipped autonomous robots with AI vision as well manually controlled firing robot helps in monitoring the conditions in border areas.
Okra Production Constraints and Awareness of Seed-Borne Fungi Infection in Ten Major Okra Growing Communities of the Ashanti Region of Ghana
Authors: Cobbinah P. , Kwoseh C. K.
Published: June 2021

Okra production is one of the major sources of livelihood for the majority of farmers in the Ashanti region of Ghana. In view of this a survey was conducted among okra farmers in 10 major okra growing communities in Ashanti region of Ghana namely Mankranso, Mfensi-Adankwame, Beposo, Abompe, Kotokuom, Nkwanta-Kesse, Atwima Mim, Abaesua, Offinso and Nerebehi between October, 2017 and March, 2018 to assess their production constraints and awareness of seed-borne fungi infection menace and it management in okra. Data were obtained from 100 okra farmers selected using multi-stage sampling procedure through the use of structured questionnaire and interviews. Data obtained were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) for Windows. Descriptive statistics were used and means were presented using tables and graphs. There was a clear dominance of male (75 %) as against female (25 %). Ninety-one percent (91%) of the farmers were married. Fifty four percent (54%) had basic education and 43% had no formal education. Approximately, 42 % of the farmers have been in okra production for over 10 years. Fifty three percent of the farmers intercropped okra with other vegetables. Majority (38%) of the farmers cultivated okra from two to three hectares. Most of the farmers (34 %) ranked pest infestation followed by diseases (24 %) as the major constraints of okra production. Majority (77 %) of the farmers were not aware of seed-borne fungi of okra and therefore most (73 %) of them did not manage the infection.  Farmers should therefore be educated by extension officers on seed-borne fungi to create their awareness of the seed-borne infection in the study areas for effective management.
Growth-enhanced Performance by Pleurotus ostreatus Cultivated on Salon Effluent and Spent Calcium-carbide Amended Substrates
Authors: Oni Juliet Oluwatominiyi , Agba Mary-Ibenreh Ogaboh , Bassey Glory Akpan , Markson Aniedi-Abasi Akpan
Published: June 2021

Aims: To investigate the growth response of Pleurotus ostreatus, a wood-rotting fungus, to different growth substrates [Sawdust (SD), dry banana leaves (BL) and a combination of both BL and SD (BLSD)] amended with waste [salon effluent (SE) and spent calcium-carbide (SC)].

Place and duration of study: Department of Plant and Ecological Studies, University of Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria, between May 2015 and August 2015.

Methodology: Amendments were applied to growth substrates at different levels of concentration as follows: 0 ml and 0 g, 5 ml and 5 g, 10 ml and 10 g, 15 ml and 15 g per kg substrate. Mature mushrooms were harvested and assessed on the following parameters; number of fruit bodies, fresh weight, dry weight, length of stipe, girth of stipe, pileus area using conventional method.

Results: Number of fruitbodies, fresh weight, dry weight and stipe length increased with increase in concentration of additives. Best performances of these growth parameters were obtained at 15 g/kg and 15 ml/kg concentration. The highest number of fruitbodies (with a peak mean value of 28.42 fruitbodies at 15 g/kg concentration), highest value of fresh weight and dry weight were observed in SD. The longest stipe length, largest stipe girth and pileus area were observed in BLSD, though it exhibited least performances in other growth parameters. BLSD amended with salon effluent produced mushrooms with the largest pileus area (with a peak mean value of 53.8 cm2 at 15ml concentration) compared to the other substrates.

Conclusion: This study reveals that all growth parameters of P. ostreatus assessed were positively influenced by all the levels of amendments on the substrates used in this study. Therefore, these wastes could be used to increase the yield of P. ostreatus and possibly remediate sites polluted by these wastes.
Socio-Economic Profile, Motivational Sources and Reason behind Joining the Farmer Producer Companies by the Dairy Farmers in India
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Sankhala Gopal , Kar Priyajoy , Meena Devendra Kumar
Published: June 2021

Collective action approaches plays a significant role in solving marketing problems like providing the remunerative price of the product, eliminates the intermediaries from the agriculture value chain, and enhance the direct marketing between farmers and consumers. In these references, a new collective action approach being popularised in India i.e., farmer producer company. So, it is important to study the socio-economic characteristics of dairy farmers, motivational factors, and the reasons behind joining the FPCs. Hence a study was conducted from January 2020 at the three states i.e. Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, and Madhya Pradesh of India to investigate the socio-economic profile, motivational factors, and the reasons behind joining the FPCs among farmers. Primary data was collected through a semi-structured interview schedule using a sample of 360 farmers selected from twelve dairy-based FPCs of three states. Data were analyzed through frequency, range, and percentage. It was found that most farmers were middle-aged, possess small landholding, educated up to graduate level. The most important reason behind taking the membership of FPCs was to enhance the family income through FPCs, better price realization by FPCs, and quick payment settlement. Due to the above reasons, most of the farmers want to join FPCs in study areas. The result of the present study helps to enhance the membership of farmer Producer Company through formulating a suitable strategy that should attract the farmer to joining the farmer producer company. This also helps to identify the motivation sources and their credibility among farmers for convincing them for joining FPCs. It was also found that the participation of farmers in dairy-based farmer producer companies is largely dependent on the socio-economic characteristics of the dairy farmers.
Use of Performance Enhancing Agents (PEAs) (Including Anabolic Androgenic Steroids-AASs) among the Male Body Building Community in the Western Province of Sri Lanka a Preliminary Study
Authors: Hulathduwa S. R.
Published: June 2021

Performance enhancing agents (PEAs) are substances used to improve any form of activity performed by humans. These are widely used by athletes and body builders. Being a frequent subject of controversy in the sporting world, the use of performance-enhancing drugs has shown a disturbing growth over the past fifty years. The use of drugs to enhance human performance in sports has occurred at least since the time of the original Olympic Games (from 776 to 393 BC). In 1860s, a group of swimmers in Amsterdam were charged for taking drugs to speed up their races. For the next 80 years, athletes who wanted to cheat focused mostly on stimulants to speed themselves up. A wide range of PEAs are used today in the sports field. They include Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AASs), peptide hormones, growth factors, beta-2 agonists, diuretics, masking agents, stimulants, narcotics and even cannabinoids. Though extensive research is being done on the use of PEAs and doping in the sports industry, throughout the developed world, very few published research is available from the third world countries including Sri Lanka. This preliminary study revealed that a wide variety of PEAs are being inadvertently used without justifiable scientific reason and without a reasonable understanding of how they work and what their adverse effects are, by the gym users in Sri Lanka. It also showed that a significant proportion of them experience side effects directly attributable to the use of PEAs.
Interaction effect of Spacing and Nutrient Levels on N, P and K Content and Uptake of Isabgol Plant (Planatago ovata forsk) under Eastern Dry Zone of Karnataka
Authors: Eragegowda M. , Gowda A. P. Mallikarjuna , Pushpa T. N. , Maruthiprasad B. N. , Thimmegowda M. N. , Smitha G. R.
Published: June 2021

The experiment was laid out in a Factorial Randomized Block Design with sixteen treatments and replicated three times. There was no significant difference among the treatments with respect to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of leaves under different levels of planting geometry and interaction effect. But different nutrient levels had significant influence in the N, P and K content in isabgol plant. Higher N (3.76%), P (0.7%) and K (3.59 %) content in the leaves was observed when plants supplied with 75 %  RDF (37.5:18.75:22.50 + 7.5 t FYM). The maximum uptake of N (229.11 kg /ha), P (43.98 kg /ha) and K (218.46 kg /ha) was found at row spacing of 22.5 cm, which was significantly superior to other spacing levels.Nutrients had significantly influenced the N, P and K uptake. The 75 % RDF (37.5:18.75:22.50 + 7.5 t FYM) level recorded maximum uptake of N (166.36 kg /ha), P (32.13 kg /ha) and K (158.39 kg /ha), which was significantly superior to all other nutrient levels.Among the interactions, 22.5 cm row spacing + 75 % RDF (37.5:18.75:22.50 + 7.5 t FYM) recorded significantly maximum N, P and K uptake (252.05, 49.31 and 238.85 kg/ha respectively).

Where, RDF= recommended dose of fertlizer, FYM = Farm yard manure
A Novel Simplification for the Prediction of Natural Gas Compressibility Factor
Authors: Cornelious OMOBOLANLE Oluwasegun , Olakunle AKINSETE Oluwatoyin , Niyi AROMOKEYE
Published: June 2021

The need for a simpler, effective and less expensive predictive tool for the estimation of natural gas compressibility factor cannot be exaggerated. An accurate prediction of gas compressibility factor is essential because it plays a definitive role in evaluating gas reservoir properties used in the estimation of gas reserves, custody transfer and design of surface equipment. In this present work, a novel explicit correlation and a highly sophisticated computer program were developed to accurately predict natural gas deviation factor. The research also aims to effectively capture the relationship between Pseudo-reduced temperature and pressure in relations to the Z-factor. In this study, 3972 digitized data points extracted from Standing and Katz’s Chart were regressed and analyzed using Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet, the extraction of this data was done using WebPlotDigitizer developed by Ankit Rohatgi of GitHub, Pacifica, CA, USA. The correlation was developed as a function of Pseudo-reduced temperature and pressure with tuned parameters distributed across 1.05 ≤ Tpr ≤ 3.0 and 0 < Ppr ≤ 8.0. Subsequently, the input (Tpr and Ppr values) of the feed data was used to validate the correlation and compare it with other known and published correlations. Statistical analysis of the results showed that a 99.8% agreement exists between the predicted and actual compressibility factors for the various test scenarios and case studies involving both sweet and sour gases. Also, the correlation was observed to outperform other models. Finally, the results were observed to perfectly mimic the Standing and Katz charts with an overall correlation coefficient of 99.76% and an adjusted R2 of 99.75%. The proposed correlation was subsequently used to develop a software using JavaScript. Undoubtedly, the proposed correlation and software are suitable for rapid and accurate simplification and prediction of natural gas compressibility factor.
Overview of Bacterial and Yeast Systems for Protein Expression
Authors: Mallu Maheswara Reddy , Golamari Siva Reddy , Kotikalapudi Sree Rama Chandra Karthik , Vemparala Renuka
Published: June 2021

Over the past decade the variety of hosts and vector systems for recombinant protein expression has increased dramatically. Researchers now select from among mammalian, insect, yeast, and prokaryotic hosts, and the number of vectors available for use in these organisms continues to grow. With the increased availability of cDNAs and protein coding sequencing information, it is certain that these and other, yet to be developed systems will be important in the future. Despite the development of eukaryotic systems, E. coli remains the most widely used host for recombinant protein expression. Optimization of recombinant protein expression in prokaryotic and eukaryotic host systems has been carried out by varying simple parameters such as expression vectors, host strains, media composition, and growth temperature. Recombinant gene expression in eukaryotic systems is often the only viable route to the large-scale production of authentic, post translationally modiﬁed proteins. It is becoming increasingly easy to ﬁnd a suitable system to overexpress virtually any gene product, provided that it is properly engineered into an appropriate expression vector.
Mechanical and Self‐Deformable Spatial Modulation Beam Steering and Splitting Metasurface
Authors: Phon Ratanak , Kim Yeonju , Park Eiyong , Jeong Heijun , Lim Sungjoon
Published: June 2021

Metasurfaces or artificial electromagnetic structures, offer feasible options to manipulate electromagnetic waves with compact and planar form factors. Tuneable metasurfaces can steer and split the electromagnetic wavefront, and are strongly desirable for many engineering and science applications. However, realizing tuneable metasurfaces that can achieve integrated diversified functionalities is somewhat challenging. This work proposes a simple spatial modulation mechanism to realize beam steering and splitting between left‐handed and right‐handed circularly polarized waves. A prototype proposed structure using 4D printing is fabricated to provide mechanical and self‐deformation flexibility with different operating modes. Underlying concepts are confirmed and verified by theoretical predictions, numerical simulations, and experiments.
Response of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell to step changes in mass flow rates
Authors: Kupeli Seda , Celik Erman , Karagoz Irfan
Published: June 2021

Transient regime effects are particularly important in fuel cells designed for vehicles. Three‐dimensional modeling of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell with a serpentine channel is presented, and the response of the fuel cell to a step‐change in the mass flow rates is analyzed by using the computational fluid dynamics techniques. After a validation study of the mathematical and numerical model, step increases of 20% in mass flow rates are applied to the inlet boundary conditions, and time dependent power and current density responses of the fuel cell are analyzed. Polarization curves are generated for the assessment of the fuel cell performance, and their variations in time are presented. The results show that current and power densities increase with time at low cell voltage values due to concentration losses; however, increases in power and current are negligible at high voltages.
Detection of Enterovirus, Herpes Simplex, Varicella Zoster, Epstein‐Barr and Cytomegalovirus in cerebrospinal fluid in meningitis patients in Iran
Authors: Tavakolian Shaian , Goudarzi Hossein , Eslami Gita , Darazam Ilad Alavi , Dehghan Golnaz , Faghihloo Ebrahim
Published: June 2021

Background

Despite medical advances, central nervous system (CNS) diseases put a pressure on the health care system. A number of risk factors, especially infectious agents can accelerate the progression of meningitis. As viruses probably account for most cases of meningitis, the diagnosis of them can reduce antibiotic prescriptions. Among various types of infectious diseases, the relationship between two important virus families, including Picornaviridae and Herpesviridae, and meningitis has attracted attraction.

Methods

In this study, one hundred and two samples were collected from patients who experienced symptoms, such as the loss of consciousness, seizures, muscle weakness, fever, headache, rash, and severe dementia, between November 2018 and September 2019. After RNA and DNA extraction, the prevalence of Enterovirus (EV), Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV‐1), Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV‐2), and Varicella zoster virus (VZV) was evaluated using PCR, multiplex PCR, and nested PCR.

Results

Results indicated that there were two VZV DNA‐positive specimens, while six and five samples were infected with HSV‐1 and EBV, respectively.

Conclusion

We reported that the prevalence of EBV, HSV‐1, and VZV in patients, suffering from meningitis cannot be ignored; however, further investigation is needed.
Rates of asymptotically statistical equivalents of measurable functions
Authors: Savaş Rabia
Published: June 2021

The primary goal of this article is to present the concepts of asymptotically equivalent function and asymptotic regular function transformations. Moreover, by using these definitions, we examine the bivariate function transformation of asymptotically statistical equivalent measurable functions.
Amplification characteristics in active tapered segmented cladding fiber with large mode area
Authors: Xie Caijian , Ning Tigang , Zheng Jingjing , Pei Li , Wang Jianshuai , Li Jing , You Haidong , Wang Chuangye , Gao Xuekai
Published: June 2021

A kind of tapered segmented cladding fiber (T-SCF) with large mode area (LMA) is proposed, and the mode and amplification characteristics of T-SCFs with concave, linear, and convex tapered structures are investigated based on finite-element method (FEM) and few-mode steady-state rate equation. Simulation results indicate that the concave tapered structure can introduce high loss for high-order modes (HOMs) that is advantageous to achieve single-mode operation, whereas the convex tapered structure provides large effective mode area that can help to mitigate nonlinear effects. Meanwhile, the small-to-large amplification scheme shows further advantages on stripping off HOMs, and the large-to-small amplification scheme decreases the heat load density induced by the high-power pump. Moreover, single-mode propagation performance, effective mode area, and heat load density of the T-SCF are superior to those of tapered step index fiber (T-SIF). These theoretical model and numerical results can provide instructive suggestions for designing high-power fiber lasers and amplifiers.
Comparison of criteria for determining appropriateness of antibiotic prescribing in nursing homes
Authors: Uribe-Cano Daniela , Bahranian Mozhdeh , Jolles Sally A. , Taylor Lindsay N. , Miller Jill J. , Adibhatla Sowmya N. , Crnich Christopher J.
Published: June 2021

Background:

Measuring the appropriateness of antibiotic prescribing in nursing homes remains a challenge. The revised McGeer criteria, which are widely used to conduct infection surveillance in nursing homes, were not designed to assess antibiotic appropriateness. The Loeb criteria were explicitly designed for this purpose but are infrequently used outside investigational studies. The extent to which the revised McGeer and Loeb criteria overlap and can be used interchangeably for tracking antibiotic appropriateness in nursing homes remains insufficiently studied.

Methods:

We conducted a cross-sectional chart review study in 5 Wisconsin nursing homes and applied the revised McGeer and Loeb criteria to all nursing home–initiated antibiotic treatment courses. Kappa (κ) statistics were employed to assess level of agreement overall and by treatment indications.

Results:

Overall, 734 eligible antibiotic courses were initiated in participating nursing homes during the study period. Of 734 antibiotic courses, 372 (51%) satisfied the Loeb criteria, while only 211 (29%) of 734 satisfied the revised McGeer criteria. Only 169 (23%) of 734 antibiotic courses satisfied both criteria, and the overall level of agreement between them was fair (κ = 0.35). When stratified by infection type, levels of agreement between the revised McGeer and Loeb criteria were moderate for urinary tract infections (κ = 0.45), fair for skin and soft-tissue infections (0.36), and slight for respiratory tract infections (0.17).

Conclusions:

Agreement between the revised McGeer and Loeb criteria is limited, and nursing homes should employ the revised McGeer and Loeb criteria for their intended purposes. Studies to establish the best method for ongoing monitoring of antibiotic appropriateness in nursing homes are needed.