bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of training and development on employee performance and service delivery at a local municipality in South Africa
Authors: Nama Khuselwa , Daweti Baphiwe , Lourens Melanie , Chikukwa Tatenda
Published: October 2022

There is a growing concern about the lack of skilled municipal employees who can deliver essential services to under-resourced local communities in South Africa. However, coaching and mentoring appear underutilized to train municipal employees to improve service delivery to local communities. The study aims to investigate whether coaching and mentoring could capacitate municipal employees whose performance appraisal reveals a lack of skills to provide essential services. A cross-sectional research design was adopted to conduct a survey. The target population comprised 265 municipal employees, and a stratified random sample of 115 employees completed a questionnaire. The employees held positions of general managers, general assistants, and administrators, with varied years of experience. Cronbach’s Alpha indicated an overall high 0.8 questionnaire reliability score. Using a quantitative method, responses from municipal employees were collected to examine their perceptions of the influence of training and development on employee performance and service delivery. Hypotheses were tested using the bivariant inferential statistical tests of correlation (r) and Chi-square (χ2). The results indicated that training and development were more likely to improve employee performance. Furthermore, the results showed that trained employees were more likely to improve service delivery. In particular, coaching and mentoring could be used to improve performance. Therefore, the study found that the municipality was not providing employees with relevant training and development to enable them to address poor service delivery. Finally, the study recommends that the municipality invests in training and development to enrich employees with new skills and knowledge to improve the quality of service delivery.
Techno-economic modelling of the Baltic CCUS onshore scenario
Authors: Shogenova Alla , Shogenov Kazbulat , Uibu Mai , Kuusik Rein , Simmer Karl
Published: October 2022

Techno-economic modelling of the Baltic onshore CO2 transport, storage, and utilization scenario included HeidelberCement-owned Kunda Nordic Cement (KNC) plant, the main Estonian cement producer, four Estonian and one Latvian power plant and CO2 mineral carbonation of the oil shale ash, as possible CO2 use option.

In 2019 nearly 6.5 Mt of oil shale ash (OSA) was produced in Estonia from energy production. Estonian OSA could be used as an effective sorbent in the proposed CO2-mineralization process, using CO2 from flue gas and producing precipitated CaCO3 (PCC) of high quality.

Mineral carbonation of 0.42 Mt CO2 using 3.8 Mt of fresh OSA and about 6.33 Mt CO2 produced annually by five Estonian and one Latvian plant transported by pipeline for storage into the North-Blidene structure in western Latvia are combined in the CCUS scenario. Cambrian Deimena Formation reservoir sandstone is located at the depth of 1035-1150 m in the selected saline aquifer. The average optimistic storage capacity of about 270 Mt allows planning CCUS project for 30 years. The share of the Estonian emissions avoided and stored in Latvia is 86.5 %, including 8.2 % by KNC, while Latvian stored emissions will compose 13.5 %.

Annually 6.8 Mt CO2 could be captured, transported and injected, including 6 Mt CO2 avoided using transport and storage and 0.42 Mt CO2 avoided using MC of Estonian OSA. During 30 years nearly 204 Mt CO2 will be captured, used and stored, while 193 Mt CO2 could be avoided.

The total average transport and storage (T&S) cost of the scenario is 18.4 €/t CO2 injected. This cost depends on the transport distance, according to the applied methodology, and it is the most expensive for the Eesti Energia PPs. The lowest T&S cost of 5.54 €/t CO2 injected will have Latvenergo TEC-2 PP located at a smaller distance from the storage site. At the price of EEAP (CO2 Emission Allowance Price in EU ETS) of 40 €/t CO2 and 50 €/t PCC, the CCUS scenario could be beneficial for three Eesti Energia and Latvenergo TEC-2 power plants. For the KNC and VKG Energia plants without CO2 use options, the higher EEAP of about 48-50 €/t CO2 is needed to cover all CCUS costs including capture, compression, transport, storage and monitoring. The transport and storage costs are distance-dependent, as pipelines are the most expensive part of the transport, storage and monitoring costs.

At the present EEAP of about 90 €/t CO2, all the participating plants will get benefits from the proposed scenario.

This study is supported by CLEANKER project, which has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Grant Agreement n. 764816.
Höegh LNG and Altera Infrastructure is scaling up large scale CCS infrastructure
Authors: Lunde Tore
Published: October 2022

In a joint initiative, called “Stella Maris CCS” Altera Infrastructure and Höegh LNG are working together to provide cost efficient floating Carbon Capture and Storage infrastructure solutions for a global market, not limited to size or geographical location.

Valuable infrastructure experience is brought together; with FPSO (Floating Production, Storage and Offloading) and Dynamically Positioned Shuttle Tankers from Altera and FSRU’s (Floating Storage Regasification Unit) from Höegh. We intend to continue to build on our heritage and experience, using our combined skills to contribute to carbon emission reduction around globe. With the “Stella Maris CCS” project, we will essentially be doing what we are doing today, only in reverse. Our solution, initiated in 2019 as the first of its kind, will offer a large-scale floating infrastructure for collection, transport, and injection of CO2 into subsea reservoirs/aquifers.

Our infrastructure concept consists of 2-3 Carbon Collection Storage Units (CCSU) to aggregate volumes at different key locations, 3-4 CO2 Shuttle Carriers and one Floating Storage and Injection Unit, the total amount of CO2 injected with these assets can reach up to 10 million tons per year.

In order to realize large scale CCS, the unit costs must come down, and the barriers for emitting industries to invest in capture plants must be lowered. With Stella Maris we are addressing these hurdles. The larger ship design enables carrying volumes of CO2 at low pressure and will allow for greater economies of scale in the absence of a pipeline which places less limitations on distance to reservoir and ultimate flow capacity. Having a centralized conditioning of CO2 in a CCSO hub allows more flexibility for on-site capture design from multiple onshore industrial emission sources with shared port access. To defray high logistics cost in e.g. the Baltic region, a hub and spoke transportation approach enables collection in smaller parcels, milk-run gathering and conditioning for large scale transfer for storage in an offshore subsea reservoir on the Norwegian Continental shelf.
Decarbonisation options of existing thermal power plant burning natural gas
Authors: Linkevics Olegs , Grebesa Polina , Andersons Janis
Published: October 2022

Nowadays power industry faces deepest crises ever with unprecedented prices shocks and climate challenges at the same time. From one hand we realise the need of energy transformation of power industry towards more sustainable future with climate neutral technologies. From the other hand it become obvious that this change could not happen immediately, and transition period is needed with some fossil fuel technology still playing an important role as a back-up for renewable energy sources. The biggest question what the best and cost-efficient way is to decarbonise existing thermal power generation. We try to address it on the example of existing combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) power plant fuelled by natural gas. Clearly the following possible options were identified: 1) replacement of natural gas with alternative gases, such as green hydrogen, bio or synthetic methane, 2) carbon capture and underground storage (CCS) in geological formations, 3) carbon capture, liquefaction and export, 4) carbon capture and utilization (CCU) or 5) replacement of power generation technology.

In this publication we try to compare these different options, despite they are not clearly comparable. For the analysis we take natural gas fired CCGT plant Riga TPP-2 in Latvia with installed capacity of 881 MW (in condensing mode).

Option 1. In order to completely (100 % in energy values) replace natural gas by green hydrogen, we need electroliers with capacity of at least 2600 MW. Very roughly this is an investment of at least 2,6 billion EUR for hydrogen production, storage and supply. Additionally, we shall take into account necessary modernisation of CCGT plant to be capable for 100 % hydrogen firing as well as necessity to construct additional wind or solar capacity. Conversion efficiency from power to gas is approximately 60 %, while from gas to power – around 55-57 %. Overall conversion efficiency is 33-35 %. The main advantages of this option are a) possibility for wide use of renewable energy sources (wind and solar) in hydrogen production, b) avoidance of carbon dioxide emissions during the electricity production, c) possibility to supply a surplus of hydrogen to transport sector and industry, d) avoidance of all problems associated with CCS option, including the ban for geological storage of CO2. The main disadvantages of this option: a) very high costs of hydrogen production, b) very low conversion efficiency, c) necessity to convert CCGT plant for hydrogen combustion and to install considerable wind and solar capacity.
Carbon removal – pathways, technologies, and need
Authors: Agarwal Shantanu
Published: October 2022

Far from being Plan B, carbon di oxide removal is a critical part of Plan A (as laid out by IPCC > 5GT will be needed by 2050). Without removing excess carbon from the air our toolbox is missing a major tool needed to curb climate change. Current global capacity of carbon removal is ~10,000 tons/annum.

This paper will present a summary of current state of technology of carbon removal alternatives, with a specific focus on engineered Direct Air Capture systems. The current energy intensity, capex intensity and cost challenges faced by many of the DAC players will be discussed.

The presentation will also cover nature-based capture methods and current challenges in the measurement, reporting and verification and eventual trading of these carbon credits.

The presentation will present a market view of the potential scale of carbon removal credits in the near future, its demand and potential supply constraints.
Современное научное руководство в университетах: взаимодействие субъектов процесса, детерминанты эффективности результатов
Authors: Свиткевич Юлия В.
Published: October 2022

Автор рассматривает современное научное руководство в университетах и совместную научно-исследовательскую деятельность научного руководителя и руководимого. Специфичной детерминантой эффективности результатов научно-исследовательской деятельности выступает система взаимодействия субъектов научного руководства. Во «Введении» актуальность исследования обуславливается неспособностью современного научного образования покрыть все потребности 21 века. Новизной выступает рассмотрение системы взаимоотношений между научным руководителем и руководимым в процессе научно-исследовательской деятельности, описание видов взаимодействия и их влияния на эффективность научного руководства. В «Теоретическом обосновании» автором рассматриваются исследования, описывающие влияние стиля руководства и значимость научного руководства в формировании профессиональной идентичности, интереса к науке, личности в целом. Описываются результаты эмпирических наблюдений за взаимодействием научных руководителей и руководимых. Автор предлагает 4 модели взаимоотношений: «малыш», «лентяй или невежа», «некто», «партнёр». Представлена выраженность основных компонентов взаимодействия субъектов научного руководства в каждой из моделей. В исследовании делается акцент на формирование научного мышления как значимую детерминанту эффективности результатов научно-исследовательской деятельности. Рассматриваются исследовательские умения и навыки, формирующиеся с научным мышлением, и развивающие личность студента, помогающие в академической, повседневной жизни. Предлагается наставничество в качестве одной из основных форм научно-исследовательской деятельности. В «Обсуждении результатов» автор рекомендует сделать акцент в определении научного руководства на то, что субъектами, влияющими друг на друга, являются оба участника процесса. Автор подчеркивает, что в современном мире существует необходимость модернизации научного руководства. Приводятся выводы исследования. Автором подчеркивается важность дальнейших исследований по теме научного руководства. Представленные в статье рассуждения могут помочь научным руководителям оптимизировать совместную научно-исследовательскую деятельность.
Health-Related Fitness as a Predictor of Anxiety Levels Among School Adolescents: An observational cross-sectional study
Authors: Legey Sandro , Filho Alberto Souza Sá , Yadollahpour Ali , Garcia-Garcia Fabio , Imperatori Claudio , Murillo-Rodriguez Eric , Nardi Antonio Egidio , Lima João Lucas , Machado Sergio
Published: October 2022

Background:

There is an inverse association between cardiorespiratory fitness and general anxiety levels in adolescents. Obesity also is associated with a higher risk of anxiety in this population. However, little is known about the association between other health-related fitness elements with anxiety symptoms in this population. The authors explored the relationship between health-related fitness and anxiety symptoms in a large sample of Brazilian youth.

Methods:

This was an observational cross-sectional study with a sample comprised of 257 school adolescents, who were 136 girls (52.9%) and 121 boys (47.1%). The health-related fitness elements were evaluated by FitnessGram® test and anxiety levels by Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children - 39. Hierarchical regression analyses were used to determine the association between health-related fitness elements and anxiety symptoms in both sexes.

Results:

In male adolescents, only the cardiorespiratory fitness was significantly associated with anxiety symptoms (F(1, 119) = 6.472; P = 0.012; R2 = 0.052; adjusted R2 = 0.044). In turn, the anxiety symptoms showed an inverse small relationship with cardiorespiratory fitness (r = - 0.227; P < 0.01). However, in female adolescents, no association was found between health-related fitness elements and anxiety symptoms.

Conclusion:

The level of cardiorespiratory fitness may represent a marker of anxiety in male adolescents.
Evaluation of Variations in Root Canal Anatomy and Morphology of Permanent Maxillary Premolars among the Emirate Population using CBCT
Authors: Alnaqbi Hajir S.Y. , Gorduysus Mehmet Omer , Al Shehadat Saaid , Al Bayatti Saad Wahbi , Mahmoud Ibrahim
Published: October 2022

Background:

Many types of research have revealed that root canal anatomy differs by race and country based on various national populations, but no study has been conducted on the UAE population.

Objectives:

Identifying the most common morphology of the upper premolars in a group of local and non-local people in the UAE.

Methods:

Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 215 intact maxillary premolars were analyzed. The Pearson Chi-squared test and the two samples t-test were applied.

Results:

Most of the maxillary first premolars were two-root formed (90%). Single-rooted teeth were less common (8%). Three-rooted maxillary first premolars represented a low frequency of 1.9%. Most of the maxillary second premolar teeth studied in this research (52%) had two roots. Almost all local and non-local populations had two canals for both first and second maxillary premolar. Only two maxillary first premolars (0.2%) had the three-canal morphology. The most frequent canal morphology in the maxillary first premolar group among local UAE and non-local was type V. The maxillary second premolar group among local UAE was type II (32%). In non-local UAE, type V (25%). In addition, six types of uncommon canal anatomic variants (types 1-2-3, 2-3-2, 3-2-1, 1-2-3-2, 2-1-2-1, and 3-2) were discovered in 3.7% of local UAE and 36.3% of non-local UAE.

Conclusion:

The results suggest a more quantitative approach to maxillary first and second premolar access cavity preparation in the UAE population to prevent errors and iatrogenic damage when identifying the canals.
Applications of the Porous-Solid Model
Authors: Rojas Eduardo
Published: October 2022

In the previous chapter, a probabilistic porous-solid model with the ability
to simulate both branches of the soil-water retention curve, was developed. In this
chapter, the model is used to interpret more realistically the results of mercury
intrusion porosimetry tests. Moreover, it is used to obtain the pore size distribution of
soils employing both branches of the soil-water retention curve as data. The numerical
and experimental comparisons for different soils show that the model approximately
reproduces the pore size distributions obtained from mercury intrusion porosimetry
tests. Finally, a procedure to fit the numerical with the experimental soil-water
retention curves in order to obtain the pore size distribution of soils is presented.
Hydraulic Conductivity
Authors: Rojas Eduardo
Published: October 2022

In this chapter, the probabilistic porous network model is employed to
establish a fully analytical equation for the relative hydraulic conductivity of soils.
From this approach, a parameter accounting for the proportion of pores of different
sizes forming continuous paths of saturated elements between the boundaries is used
to compute the hydraulic conductivity. This approach avoids the effect of the size of
the network on the results and the necessity of the pore-scale model approach required
by computational networks to obtain the hydraulic conductivity of soils. Similarly,
constraints related to computing time and memory size are avoided. In addition,
single, double, or triple structured soil can be considered for the network. The
theoretical and experimental comparisons indicate that capillary flow can account for
the hydraulic conductivity of soils for the full range of suction of sandy and silty soils.
Finally, all parameters required in the relative conductivity equation can be obtained
by fitting the numerical with the experimental retention curves.
Factors impact in tax avoidance practices before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Maitriyadewi Ni Luh Ratna Pradnya , Yadnyana I Ketut
Published: October 2022

This study aims to obtain empirical evidence regarding the effect of sales growth, corporate risk, and inventory intensity on tax avoidance practice and whether there are significant differences in tax avoidance practice before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The theory used in this research is agency theory and positive accounting theory. This research was conducted by taking the population of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2018-2021. Using the purposive sampling method per predetermined criteria, researchers obtained 51 sample companies. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis and different tests. The results obtained are that sales growth and corporate risk variables have a negative effect on tax avoidance practice and inventory intensity positively affects tax avoidance practice. Meanwhile, there was no significant difference in tax avoidance before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Keywords: Sales Growth, Corporate Risk, Inventory Intensity, Tax Avoidance, Covid-19
De contexto religioso a contexto civil – A descoberta de um friso visigótico em Évora
Authors: Basílio Eva , Sarmento Ricardo
Published: October 2022

In 2019, during the rehabilitation project of the building located between Rua Miguel Bombarda, Rua da Misericórdia and Travessa das Peras, in Évora, a set of archaeological materials that range from Late Antiquity to the Modern Period were collected. From this set of materials, a frieze from the Visigothic period was chosen for study, dating from the 6th to 7th centuries AD, which was found completely out of context, in the building’s courtyard. In this sense, the present study offers a formulation of an analysis and interpretation of its function, typology and evidenced morphology, in order to promote a decorative-style and chronological framwork, through parallels found and already studied on peninsular territory.
Students' Emotional Well-being and Academic Functioning Before, During, and After Lockdown in Germany: Cohort Study
Authors: Nuñez Tania R , Pallasch Nina , Radtke Theda
Published: October 2022

Background

The COVID-19 lockdowns have led to social detriments and altered learning environments among university students. Recent research indicates that such ramifications may engender various impairments to students’ mental health. However, such research has major limitations, such as the lack of a prepandemic control measure, the focus on singular well-being parameters, or the investigation of only the early phases of the pandemic.

Objective

To address these research gaps, this comprehensive and nationwide study compared 3 student cohorts (aged 17-48 years) in Germany: a prepandemic cohort (January-February 2020), a postlockdown cohort (May 2020-July 2020), and an intralockdown cohort (January-February 2021) regarding students’ general emotional well-being and academic functioning. It was hypothesized that, because of rigorous lockdown-related restrictions, students in the intralockdown cohort would report diminished general emotional well-being compared with the other cohorts. Furthermore, because of ongoing remote learning since the beginning of the pandemic, it was expected that students’ academic functioning would decrease across all 3 cohorts.

Methods

The data collection was performed over 3 consecutive semesters (fall semester 2019-2020, spring semester 2020, and fall semester 2020-2021). Students were surveyed on the web on various aspects regarding their general emotional well-being (eg, stress and general well-being) and academic functioning (eg, concentration and study-related flow). Data analyses were performed using multivariate ANOVAs.

Results

A total of 787 students participated in this study. Results indicated higher general well-being in the postlockdown cohort than in the intralockdown cohort (P=.02). As for students’ academic functioning, our results revealed that students in the prepandemic cohort reported higher study-related flow (P=.007) and concentration (P=.001) than those in the intralockdown cohort. In addition, students reported higher flow (P=.04) and concentration (P=.04) in the postlockdown cohort than those in the intralockdown cohort. No cohort effects were revealed for other aspects of general emotional well-being (eg, perceived stress) and academic functioning (eg, procrastination).

Conclusions

This study indicates that students’ general emotional well-being as well as motivational and attentional components of academic functioning can be impaired owing to the COVID-19 lockdowns and ongoing remote learning formats. The necessity and design of interventional programs remedying such effects in light of the ongoing crisis need to be addressed.
Plasma chylous degree detection based on machine learning and hyperspectral techniques (Preprint)
Authors: Wei Siqi , Liu Yafei , Lian Suyun , Huang Haijun , Cheng Hao , Li Mengshan , Guan Lixin
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND

Currently, hyperspectral technology has been used in various fields, but its applications for the detection of chylous plasma are lacking. This paper used hyperspectral techniques in combination with machine learning algorithms for the detection of chylous plasma, providing a new diagnostic method.

OBJECTIVE

This paper proposed a method of plasma chylous degree detection and recognition based on machine learning and hyperspectral technology. A plasma chylous degree detection model was established.It fills the gap of machine learning and hyperspectral technology in the detection of chylous plasma.

METHODS

The plasma hyperspectral data were preprocessed using the multiple scattering correction (MSC) method and then classified using four classification algorithms, including random forest (RF), K-nearest neighbor KNN), Perceptron, and stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithms and the best algorithm was compared.Finally, band selection is carried out to screen the best band subset.

RESULTS

The results showed that the random forest algorithm had the best effect. Then, the model of plasma chylous degree detection based on random forest was established. Finally, 10 important spectral bands, including 1192.45 nm, 1182.9 nm, 946.98 nm, 1202.01 nm, 1080.93 nm, 1278.41 nm, 1237.03 nm, 991.65 nm, 1020.35 nm, and 1697.8 nm, were selected by band selection. After adjusting the parameters to optimize the model, the prediction accuracy of the whole band was 0.89.

CONCLUSIONS

This study suggested that hyperspectral technology could identify chylous plasma and could be used to improve its detection efficiency in biomedicine, human function tests, and other aspects.
Artificial Intelligence algorithms in healthcare: Is current FDA regulation sufficient? (Preprint)
Authors: Mashar Meghavi , Chawla Shreya , Chen Fangyue , Lubwama Baker , Patel Kyle , Kelshiker Mihir , Bachtiger Patrik , Peters Nicholas
Published: October 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

Given the growing use of machine learning (ML) technologies in healthcare, regulatory bodies face unique challenges in governing their clinical use. Under the regulatory framework of the Food and Drug Administration Agency (FDA), approved ML algorithms are practically ‘locked’, preventing their adaptation in the ever-changing clinical environment, defeating the unique trait of ML technology in learning from real-world feedback. At the same time, regulations must enforce a strict level of patient safety in order to mitigate risk at a systemic level. Given that ML algorithms often support, or at times replace the role of medical professionals, we have proposed a novel regulatory pathway analogous to the regulation of medical professionals, encompassing the lifecycle of an algorithm from inception, development to clinical implementation and continual clinical evaluation. We then discuss in-depth technical and non-technical challenges to its implementation, and offer potential solutions in order to unleash the full potential of ML technology in healthcare, while ensuring quality, equity and safety.
Effect of Consumption of Extravirgin Olive Oil on the Lipid Profile and on the Glycemia of Children with Cystic Fibrosis Seen at a Specialized Center in Belém-PA/ Brazil
Authors: Barbosa Cláudia Cruz , Pereira Izabella Syane Oliveira , Santos Clyvia Wanessa Góes , Bahia Gizeuda Rosi , Monte Luciene Cristina Albuquerque do , Lima Maria Eduarda Veloso , Corrêa Laisy da Cruz , Cantão Lunna Victória Bibas , Castro Mariana Maués de , Ferreira Ivo de Sousa , Araújo Aléxia Maria Santos , Teixeira Paula Raimunda Araújo , Pinho Lise Anne Nassar , Guerreiro João Farias
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease that affects the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulatory protein (CFTR), which functions as a chlorine channel regulating the balance between ions and water across the epithelium. Nutrition has shown an important role in this problem due to the need for a differentiated dietary prescription through a hypercaloric and hyperlipidic diet associated with anthropometric monitoring, and as a food strategy extra virgin olive oil can bring several benefits due to its rich composition in acids. monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and their bioactive compounds considered nutraceuticals, capable of modulating gene expression, interfering with the production of proteins and metabolites; It has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial effects. Method: A clinical trial was carried out with children aged 2 to 11 years attended at the João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, at this age there were 20 children, 2 could not be contacted and 3 refused to participate, so the research had 15 individuals, the exposure group (n=8) received dietary monitoring and extra virgin olive oil for three months and the control group (n=7) the standard nutritional guidance for the disease. The variables were: lipid profile (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglycerides), glycemic status (fasting glucose). Results: There was a reduction in the rates of fasting glucose (p=0.0355) and triglycerides (p=0.0157) with a significant difference when comparing the control and intervention groups. Discussion: no other study was found using the ingestion of pure extra virgin olive oil in people with cystic fibrosis, only studies with a mixture of olive oil and soy or docosahexaenoic acid, however, regarding the healthy population and other diseases, the tests that were significant fasting glucose and triglycerides were found several studies that demonstrate the benefit of olive oil in reducing these rates. Conclusion: Supplementation with extra virgin olive oil proved to be effective, however several factors can influence the health of these people such as lifestyle habits, general health status and individual genetic variants, so studies with longer intake time and with a greater number of participants, preferably multicenter, should be evaluated, but extra virgin olive oil is shown as another tool to aggregate the various measures to improve the quality of life of this population.
Spatio-temporal analysis of the vulnerability of typhoid fever in the municipality of Belém, Pará, Brazil
Authors: Santana Giselly de Lourdes da Silva Santana, , Santos Karla de Souza , Guimarães Ricardo José de Paula Souza e , Bichara Cléa Nazaré Carneiro
Published: October 2022

The study sought to analyze the sociodemographic, epidemiological profile, and spatial-temporal distribution of typhoid fever in the municipality of Belém, Pará. For that, we used the confirmed cases of the disease obtained from SINAN by SESPA from 2007 to 2016. The data was categorized based on the sociodemographic, epidemiological profile, incidence rates, and monthly variation. For spatial distribution, we used the Kernel Density Estimator and the Buffer technique. Thus, we obtained 152 confirmed cases, with a higher proportion in males (67.76%), in the age group between 30 and 59 years (48.03%), and with high school education (19.08%). The transmission was mainly related to the ingestion of contaminated water and food (11.18%), with resolution at an outpatient level (69.08%), confirmed at a laboratory level (93.42%), without death records. The annual incidence rate varied from 0.07% in 2011 to 3.28% in 2014. It was also observed that the spatial distribution of the disease was concentrated in the districts of Guamá, Entroncamento, and near the Tucunduba watershed demonstrating that the greatest risk of transmission is in areas that present socioeconomic fragility and are precarious in basic sanitation. Thus there is a need for investments in sanitary infrastructure and health surveillance actions, aiming at reducing the disease in the municipality.
El análisis de los micropaisajes urbanos como fuente complementaria para el estudio de los procesos de turistificación
Authors: López Casado David , Fernández Salinas Víctor
Published: October 2022

Desde hace varios decenios, numerosas investigaciones vienen poniendo de manifiesto los perniciosos efectos del turismo sobre los tejidos urbanos y sociales de las principales ciudades en la escala global, circunstancia que se ha evidenciado con especial dramatismo tras el estallido de la pandemia por la Covid-19. Entre las muchas consecuencias que esta situación está provocando en aquellos espacios donde el fenómeno se manifiesta con una cierta intensidad, está la expulsión de la población local, con especial incidencia en los estratos con menores recursos, y su sustitución por otra de carácter flotante. Vinculado a este proceso, se produce el reemplazo de los comercios tradicionales por establecimientos que tienen una orientación exclusiva al sector del turismo. En este contexto, el artículo tiene como objetivo explorar la utilización de fuentes complementarias a las oficiales que pueden ser de gran utilidad para el estudio de los ámbitos urbanos sometidos a procesos de turistificación que conllevan un desajuste y distorsión en la forma tradicional de habitar dichos espacios. Desde el punto de vista metodológico, la investigación parte de un análisis teórico donde se abordan, desde la teoría del turismo urbano y del paisaje, las potencialidades del estudio de las manifestaciones informales para la investigación de los procesos de turistificación en ámbitos urbanos sometidos a tensiones sociales y habitacionales entre la población local y la visitante. En este sentido, se acude al análisis de las imágenes que, en distintos contextos espaciales y bajo diferentes formatos, pero siempre de carácter informal y no institucionalizado, traslucen la existencia de procesos que tensionan la vida cotidiana de los habitantes y comercios tradicionales frente a un sector turístico predatorio. Las principales conclusiones de la investigación apuntan a que la aparición de este tipo de expresiones en determinados ámbitos de la ciudad manifiesta la existencia de un conflicto asociado a un proceso de turistificación.
Influence of sequential pyrolisis methods on the properties of the carbon nanostructure (CNS) from sugarcane leaf biomass
Authors: Setianingsih Tutik , Susilo Bambang , Mutrofin Siti , Ismuyanto Bambang , Endaryana Andreas Novan , Yoniansyah Yoandra Nadya
Published: October 2022

Plant biomass is a potential lignocellulose material  for synthesis of carbon nano structure. Its characteristics as adsorbent and its size particle  make it good additive for liquid fertilizer. In this research, we study influence of sequential different  pressure pyrolysis methods (hydrothermal–microwave method and reflux–microwave method) toward characteristics of carbon nanostructure from sugarcane leaf biomass. Each reflux and hydrothermal method was adjusted at 200oC, then followed by microwave at 800W. Characterization showed that the hydrothermal - microwave method using X-ray diffraction indicates diffractogram patterns of both carbon nanostructure and cellulose. SEM micrographs show sphere and block shapes. FTIR spectra indicates different concentration of oxy surface functional groups. UV spectra of the dispersed product in water indicates  existence of aromatics C=C groups. The hydrothermal - microwave method resulted the product inwhich lower crystalinity index of cellulose, smaller particles, lower concentration of oxy surface groups than the reflux - microwave one. Correlation of chemical properties (aromaticity and fraction of polar groups) was more linier than of physical - chemical properties  (indexe of cellulose crystalinity and fraction of polar groups). The stability of colloid was indicated by dispersing technique in order of sonication < blending < blending - sonication.
A Study on the Types of Project Promotion for the Revitalization of Rural Industrial Complex
Authors:   Residential Environment Institute Of Korea, Kim joo-hoon
Published: October 2022

For the regeneration and structural advancement of aging industrial complexes, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport is supporting the matching expenses (government fund 50 : local cost 50) in relation to infrastructure (roads, parking lots, parks, etc.) In order to strengthen corporate support services, and to maintain, repair, improve, and expand support facilities and convenience facilities, government subsidies and industrial complex environment improvement funds are being used to promote them. For the maintenance, repair, improvement, and expansion of facilities, the government fund is being used and the industrial complex environment improvement fund is being used to promote it.Currently, the targets of industrial complex regeneration projects, structural upgrading projects, and industrial complex regeneration projects promoted by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport and the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy are limited to national industrial complexes and general industrial complexes. has been old industrial complexes If regeneration and structural structure for rural industrial complexes are carried out like national general industrial complexes, it is judged that priority should be given to the type of project promotion using the industrial location DB. Therefore, in this study, data envelope analysis (DEA: Data Envelopment Analysis) and DB of agricultural and industrial complexes were established and utilized focusing on the 223 Rural industrial complexes that have been completed to date to classify the types of projects for revitalization of Rural industrial complexes.overnment-led Rural industrial complexes by presenting objective standards for government-led public offerings related to future Rural industrial complexes or project discovery in local governments through analysis of efficiency for 23 Rural industrial complexes and the actual distance from the city center of individual Rural industrial complexes It is considered that it can be used as a guidebook in the selection and establishment of the project implementation stage plan.
Changing attitudes toward scientists by reducing intergroup biases: how a signage intervention focused on decategorization and recategorization improved trust
Authors: Beauchamp Alexandra , Roberts Su-Jen , Piper Craig
Published: October 2022

We experimentally examined how messaging strategies that prompted differences in how scientists are categorized as a group increased positive science attitudes among non-scientists. Results from the first study showed that messaging which personalizes science or highlights shared common identities with scientists diminishes outgroup effects through recategorization or decategorization, respectively. Study 2 largely replicated these results in an ecologically valid setting: a zoo. Collectively, these studies support the use of the recategorization strategy for improving trust and science attitudes, but produced less consistent effects for decategorization. The results emphasized the importance of contextualized messaging when creating effective appeals in science communication.
Model predictive control for robust quantum state preparation
Authors: Goldschmidt Andy J. , DuBois Jonathan L. , Brunton Steven L. , Kutz J. Nathan
Published: October 2022

A critical engineering challenge in quantum technology is the accurate control of quantum dynamics. Model-based methods for optimal control have been shown to be highly effective when theory and experiment closely match. Consequently, realizing high-fidelity quantum processes with model-based control requires careful device characterization. In quantum processors based on cold atoms, the Hamiltonian can be well-characterized. For superconducting qubits operating at milli-Kelvin temperatures, the Hamiltonian is not as well-characterized. Unaccounted for physics (i.e., mode discrepancy), coherent disturbances, and increased noise compromise traditional model-based control. This work introduces model predictive control (MPC) for quantum control applications. MPC is a closed-loop optimization framework that (i) inherits a natural degree of disturbance rejection by incorporating measurement feedback, (ii) utilizes finite-horizon model-based optimizations to control complex multi-input, multi-output dynamical systems under state and input constraints, and (iii) is flexible enough to develop synergistically alongside other modern control strategies. We show how MPC can be used to generate practical optimized control sequences in representative examples of quantum state preparation. Specifically, we demonstrate for a qubit, a weakly-anharmonic qubit, and a system undergoing crosstalk, that MPC can realize successful model-based control even when the model is inadequate. These examples showcase why MPC is an important addition to the quantum engineering control suite.
Impact of Hearing Impairment on Mental Health in Elderly Partners
Authors: Jha Vivek Kumar , Kapoor Puneet
Published: October 2022

Communication is one of the important way to express and share the ideas and feeling. For effective communication, hearing plays an important role. A person having problem with hearing have difficulty in day to day life, which create several misunderstandings. This study, emphasizes how hearing loss can create poor mental health for an individual or partners. This study was conducted to determine the mental health of elderly couples having hearing impairment. The need of the study is to detect the association between hearing loss and mental health. To carry out the study, the subjects were tested (Audiological Evaluation) and the mental health checklist (MHCL) was used. The audiological assessment consisted of pure tonal audiometry (PTA), carried out in a sound-treated room, air conduction (from 250 Hz to 8000 Hz), and the bone conduction threshold (500 Hz to 4000 Hz) conduction hearing threshold calculation using the Alps 2000 AD brand audiometer. With the help of IBMSPSS( Version-21) software, statistical analysis was used. For statistical analysis, the Pearson correlation was used. However, the gravity of the signs of change was shown to be positive. The result showed the main effect of group (i.e., individual with hearing impairment with hearing aids, hearing impairment or normal hearing, was found to be significant (p<0.001) on mental health score. The results also showed that the mental health of individuals with hearing impairment was significantly poorer than normal hearing, hearing impairment with hearing aid was also significantly poorer than normal. Whereas, the mental health of hearing impairment was found to be worse than hearing impairment with hearing aids. Mental health of partners with hearing impairment was significantly poorer than normal hearing, hearing impairment with hearing aid was also significantly poorer than normal. Whereas, the mental health of hearing impairment was found to be worse than hearing impairment with hearing aids. In Conclusion higher the degree of hearing loss, the more severe the mental health symptom. The result showed that, the main effect of the group, i.e., individuals with hearing impairment with hearing aids, hearing impairment, or normal hearing, was found to be significant (p<0.001 on marital adjustment score.
Current Trends in Project Management: Mixed Research of ‘Gymnastic’ Enterprise Concept
Authors: Titov S. A. , Titova N. V.
Published: October 2022

Project management plays significant role in modern economy and public administration. Project management trends have a great impact on the performance of projects and enterprises, methods and tools of management, training programs for managers. The ≪Pulse of the Profession ≫ survey, regularly published by the Project Management Institute, allows tracking current trends in project management practice. In 2021, the ≪Pulse of the Profession≫ was dedicated to a new concept — the ≪gymnastic≫ enterprise. In this article, the authors analyze the text of ≪Pulse of the Profession≫, 2021 using mixed research methods including qualitative and quantitative content analysis tools. The results show the closeness of the ≪gymnastic≫ enterprise concept to the concept of organizational ambidexterity. A content analysis helped to identify the key organizational practices of ≪gymnastic≫ enterprise, such as the situational use of hybrid project management methodologies and methodological pluralism, the combination of structural coherence and flexibility in project management processes, the active use of entrepreneurial and innovative methods and approaches, as well as tools and techniques for talent management, organizational change and learning. The indicated practices allow ≪gymnastic≫ enterprises to achieve better results in comparison with ≪traditional≫ companies. The results also indicate the ability of the ≪gymnastic≫ enterprise concept to influence project management practice, educational and training programs and consulting services in the field of project management.
Relations between the Russian Orthodox Church and the State in Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Context of a Change in Political Paradigms and Digitalization
Authors: Baranov N. A.
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to the characterization of the relationship between the Russian Orthodox Church and the Russian state in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and the digitalization of society, with an emphasis on the technological aspect. The context of church-state relations during the pandemic period in the works of foreign and domestic authors is not the same: in Western liberal publications, attention is focused on the restrictions on democratic norms and liberal freedoms in the countries of the world, and in the works of Russian scientists, on the adaptation of state-confessional relations to the conditions of the pandemic, as well as on the processes of internal church life. To achieve this goal, the work uses institutional, culturological and constructivist approaches that allow scientifically arguing the author’s position. It was found that representatives of almost all religious denominations recognized the existential threat to humanity posed by the coronavirus and sided with the actions of state and municipal authorities to combat the pandemic. From the very beginning of the fight against the pandemic, the ROC built its policy on the basis of the recommendations of the secular authorities, even in cases where the possibility of performing religious rites and holding services was seriously limited. The internal conservative opposition did not radically influence the official policy of the church, while at the same time there is an increase in the social and civic activity of the ROC. The attitude to digitalization is associated with an understanding of the danger posed by technological capabilities in connection with the strengthening of state control over citizens and the restriction of rights and freedoms, including in the confessional sphere. At the same time, the church seeks to use the possibilities of modern technology to expand its influence, including among young people.
Investigation of Optimal Approaches to Assessing the Megacity Innovative Potential
Authors: Konyagina M. N., , Hellstrom A. K. , Hellstrom D. A.
Published: October 2022

The authors of the article set a goal to identify the most accurate and economical methods for assessing the innovative potential of megacity in terms of the used resources. For that purpose, methods were selected, calculations were carried out for two of them, which were suitable for the goal and described in detail in the methodological literature. The results of two other methods presented in the public domain for comparable periods of time for three selected regions were used. The study used materials from Russian and foreign sources. Based on the results of the work done, certain conclusions were made that allow a more accurate selection of methods for assessing the innovative potential of cities, considering the objectives of such an assessment, as well as the resource availability of a group of researchers. A critical view is also presented on the further application of all methods, which requires researchers of the local innovation potential to have the accuracy, objectivity in assessments, and independence in their interpretation.