bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Global world, global hospitals. Ethnic differences and psychotic symptoms presentation – a review
Authors: Lourenço A. , Ribeiro M. , Lemos M. , Duarte A. , Neves A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

We live in a global world, where immigration is no longer just an escape, but also a demand and a desire. Globalization imposes the challenge of recognizing psychiatric illness in the most diverse of patients.

Objectives

To review the literature about the documentation of ethnic differences and the psychotic symptoms presentation.

Methods

We performed a MEDLINE search using the key words: ethnic differences and psychotic symptoms. We only included studies with full text published in English.

Results

Since the 1970s, some studies have shown that there are differences in the manifestation of psychiatric illness in ethnic minorities. Most recent studies confirm this statement, mainly with an increase in immigration in the 20th century, with the receiving countries having an increase in the number of cases of psychosis (affective and non-affective). Belonging to an ethnic minority increases the risk of psychotic symptoms and experiences, witch is related to the patients perception of discrimination, social differences, family separation and the stress associated with immigration. On the other hand, these groups also have less access to health care.

Conclusions

Currently, professionals are more aware of the global world and what this implies in the manifestations of psychiatric illnesses. However, more studies will be needed to identify these natural differences. In this way, we will be able to help our patients anywhere and support their families.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Insomnia and the role of postmigration stress among Syrian refugees
Authors: Straiton M. , Nissen A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Research on the prevalence of and risk factors for insomnia among refugee populations is limited and tends to focus on pre-migratory trauma. Yet, post migratory stressors are just as important for mental health and may also relate to insomnia.

Objectives

Objective: To determine the association between different post-migration stressors and insomnia among Syrian refugees living in Norway.

Methods

We used data from the REUFGE study, a cross-sectional survey with 902 Syrian refugees who arrived in Norway between 2015 and 2017. Insomnia was measured with the Bergen Insomnia Scale and post-migrant stress with the Refugee Post-Migration Stress Scale (RPMS). We applied logistic regression analyses to investigate the association between seven different postmigration stressors and insomnia after controlling for demographics, traumatic experiences and post traumatic stress symptoms.

Results

Of the 873 participants who completed questions on insomnia, 515 (41%) reported insomnia. There was no significant difference between men and women. The most commonly reported postmigration stressors were Competency Strain [SML1], Family and Home Concerns, and Loss of Home Country. After controlling for demographics, traumatic experiences and post-traumatic stress symptoms, Financial Strain, Loss of Home Country, Family and Home Concerns and Social Strain were still associated with higher odds of insomnia.

Conclusions

Resettlement difficulties are related to poorer sleep among refugees. Measures to improve the social conditions and financial concerns of refugees in receiving countries could potentially reduce insomnia among refugees which in turn, may benefit mental and physical health.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Risk factors of psychosis in immigrant population: case report and literature review
Authors: Kabtni W. , El Kefi H. , Baatout A. , Bencheikh C. , Oumaya A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

There is now compelling evidence that migrant groups in several countries have an elevated risk of developing psychotic disorders.

Objectives

To identify risk factors for psychosis in immigrant population.

Methods

case report and Computerised literature search of MEDLINE and PUBMED and PsycINFO databases was performed using the keywords: immigration, psychosis, schizophrenia.

Results

Mrs AM is 22 years old, Ivorian, without any personal or family psychiatric history, married and mother of an 11 months old baby.

Because of the poor socio-economic conditions, she immigrated illegally to tunisia 3 months ago, accompanied by her husband, leaving her child in her native country. since then, she has been working in cleaning jobs with very low salaries and several conflicts in the workplace, which pushed AMto leave the job. One month before her admission, according to her husband, she became isolated, distrustful, she often watches herself in the mirror, refuses to take a shower, with some bizarre behaviors and persecutory words, then she became aggressive with her husband andneighbors, hence her admission.

The interview revealed a dissociative and delusional syndrome, vague and poorly systematized, with hallucinatory and intuitive mechanisms. In view of the subsequent evolution, the diagnosis of schizophrenia was retained. After stabilization under antipsychotic drugs, the patient asked to be repatriated to join her child.

Conclusions

The evidence is still thin, and there is a clear need for further research to replicate and extend findings linking specific aspects of the social environment and risk of psychosis in migrant groups.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
A voyage in the Far East
Authors: Rodríguez Menéndez G. , García Bernal C. , Sevilla Fernández M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Patient who comes to the Hospital accompanied by the Emergency Services from the Santa Justa train station, coming from Madrid, after being repatriated from Bangladesh.

There he was serving a five-year sentence for drug trafficking.

He is a patient who has had several hospital admissions at UHSM and clinically prosecuted as a paranoid schizophrenic. In prison, the first years he had no antipsychotic medication and recognizes the presence of auditory pseudohallucinations.

Objectives

psychopathological stabilization

Methods

case report

Results

In the psychopathological assessment upon arrival, the patient was hostile and suspicious, even refusing to take food and medication because he was demanding his freedom. He also relates this point to delirious interpretations of passers-by who approached him at the Madrid airport.

During the admission, the patient was referred to Internal Medicine for a global evaluation and analytical tests of his organic situation, finding normocytic anemia without other findings and with good response to the treatment established.

The patient’s psychopathological evolution is very favorable. Progressively more approachable and critical of the phenomena of psychotic nature. Interventions are carried out with Social Work for his overnight stay.

Conclusions

We have the odyssey of one of many patients with a mental illness where their life journey leads them to marginal situations and where elements of a legal nature are intermingled; either by the stay in prison itself or by the need for an admission against their will for psychopathological stabilization and to redirect this shipwrecked life course.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Transcultural approach to psychotic episodes. About a case
Authors: Martín Villarroel C. , Carpio García L. , Santolaya López L. , Belmonte García G. , Sánchez Revuelta M. , Matsuura J. , Benavides Rivero E.F.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Cultural differences influence understanding and therapeutic adherence of migrant patients, therefore it is very important to acquire cultural competence.

Objectives

The objective of this paper is to study, from the following case, the effect of cultural competence in approach to psychosis in migrant patients.

Methods

A bibliographic search was performed from different database (Pubmed, TripDatabase) about the influence of culture on psychosis and its resolution. A 25-year-old Moroccan man who came to Spain two years ago fleeing his country and suffered violence in different countries until he arrived. He lived on the street until they offered him a sheltered house with other Moroccans. He felt lack of acceptance and loss of his roots. In this context, he developed a first psychotic episode in which he described “the presence of a devil”.

Results

He distrusted antipsychotic treatment and believed “that devil” was still inside him, being convinced that he needed a Muslim healer to expel him. We followed up with the patient and a cultural mediator, better understanding his cultural reality, uprooting and traumas, and he could feel understood and trust us. During the process, he decided to go to the Muslim healer who performed a symbolic rite for which he felt he “expelled the devil”, while accepting antipsychotics. With all this, the psychotic symptoms and their acculturation process improved.

Conclusions

It is very important that psychiatrists have cultural competence to understand the context of migrant patients, and to be able to provide them with the best treatment.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Review of the clinical spectrum of Fahr’s syndrome
Authors: Garcia-Mendaza L. , Ruiz De Pellón Á.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

70-year-old male with previous diagnosis of bipolar disorder and poor adherence. In the past months, he showed incipient behavioral alterations, for which he entered psychiatry service. During adressment, frequent memory failures, isolation, apathy and mutism were identified, clasifying the case as a possible dementia. A CT-scan was performed, revealing bilateral, simetrical calcifications of the basal ganglia, compatible with Fahr’s syndrome.

Objectives

Review of the available literature regarding Fahr’s syndrome, a rare condition witch can lead to a wide spectrum of neurological, motor and behavioral symptoms.

Methods

A bibliographic revision has been carried out. Sources used: Google scholar, PubMed.

Results

Fahr’s syndrome is characterized by symmetric and bilateral calcification of the basal ganglia, as well as other areas related to motor functions, such as the cerebellum. It is believed that it has an autosomal dominant inheritance, and the symptoms appear between the ages of 40 and 60. The spectrum of clinical manifestations includes motor disorders such as parkinsonism or chorea. The appearance of dementia or psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia like psychosis or mood disorders, are also common. Also pyramidal symptoms, cerebellar dysfunction, speech difficulty or convulsive seizures can be identified.

Conclusions

Fahr’s syndrome is rare, with a prevalence of <1 / 1,000,000. Diagnose is based on a compatible CT-scan, with clinical features and exclusion of other medical conditions. Nowadays, treatment is limited to a symptomatic support. The goals of further research are to understand the genetics of this disorder which could lead to an effective method for treating and preventing Fahr’s syndrome.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
MRI Analysis: Optimization of parameters for diffusion MRI to enhance hippocampal subfield analysis and segmentation (Preliminary Data)
Authors: Nwaubani P. , Colasanti A. , Cercignani M. , Warner A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The hippocampus is an important, complex limbic structure anatomically embedded in the medial temporal lobe of each cerebral cortex, which has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neuro-inflammatory disease conditions. Few studies have focused on the characterization of the MRI neuroimaging signatures of highly physio- pathologically relevant subfields of the hippocampus (CA1, CA4-DG, CA2/CA3, SLRM).

Objectives

Using self-guided manually segmented, Diffusion weighted and NODDI maps created from data obtained from the Human Connectome Project (HCP) we intend to test whether Diffusion MRI-based quantitative imaging parameters (MD, FA, ODI, ISOVF, ICVF), indicative of microstructural characteristics of major hippocampal subfields (CA1, CA2/CA3, CA4-DG and SLRM), correspond to predictions for animal literature and imaging-histology correlations. We will also explore the correlations between these parameters and age.

Methods

We used images from the Public connectome data (updated April 2018), exploring subjects with the 3T MRI sessions obtainable from the WU-Minn HCP Data section. For the purpose of this study, we selected and downloaded 10 preliminary imaging data (6 females and 4 males) based on age variability in the following ranges (26-30, 31-35 and 36+). We manually segmented, and computed quantitative parameters.

Results

Converging and consistent literature allude to decreasing volumes with increasing age. Analyzing the volumes from the diffusion maps (pilot data), this was also the case, with volumes computed from CA1 and DG-CA4 sub regions. IQT also allowed for better appreciation of neuroanatomical boundaries and land marks, hence allowing more regions to be easily manually segmented (addition of CA2/CA3).

Conclusions

Application to Neuroinflammatory imaging data.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Treatment of Cognitive Impairment in Schizophrenia
Authors: Vita A.
Published: September 2022

Cognitive function in schizophrenia is one of the main elements significantly related to functional outcomes, accounting for approximately 25–50% of the variance in real-world functioning. Treatment approaches to cognitive dysfunctions include both pharmacological and psychosocial interventions. Second Generation Antipsychotics (SGAs) may partially improve cognitive dysfunction, due to their relatively high affinity for serotonin 5HT2A receptors. The effects of glutamatergic agents indicated benefits on cognition of a group of amino acids that act as glutamate agonists by binding to the glycine site on NMDA receptors. The administration of muscarinic antagonists potentiates cognitive impairments, while the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors have been shown to play an important role in cognition with potential therapeutic applications in schizophrenia. Studies on drugs targeting neuroinflammation and oxidative stress emerged. Cognitive remediation has proved to be effective in improving cognitive dysfunctions and psychosocial functioning in people with schizophrenia, however there is still a limited understanding of how the putative active therapy ingredients contribute to changes in the brain and translate into improved real-world functioning. Cogrem exerts its maximal benefit when delivered in the context of other psychiatric rehabilitative interventions, but it is not yet clear what are the mechanisms of effectiveness of integrated treatment. It is important that future research shift from studies of group efficacy to individual efficacy of treatments, in the perspective of precision medicine. Issues related to individual predictors of effectiveness and of interactions between specific pharmacologic, specific cognitive remediation technique and individual patients’ characteristics should be furtherly addressed.

Disclosure

In the last two years, Prof Vita received, directly or indirectly, support for clinical studies or trials, conferences, consultancies, Congress presentations, advisory boards from: Angelini, Boehringer Ingelheim, Innovapharma, Janssen-Cilag, Lundbeck,
Long-term effects of Cushing’s Disease on visuospatial planning and executive functioning
Authors: Bauduin S. , Van Haalen F. , Giltay E. , Meijer O. , Pereira A. , Van Der Wee N. , Van Der Werff S.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Patients with remitted Cushing’s Disease (CD) often present persisting impairments in executive and cognitive functioning domains. Little research has been conducted regarding the functional neural correlates of an important executive functioning skill, namely the ability to plan, in these patients.

Objectives

To examine visuospatial planning related brain activity in remitted CD patients and matched controls using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

Methods

fMRI scans were made using a 3-Telsa scanner while remitted CD patients (n=21) and age-, gender-, and education matched healthy controls (HCs; n=21) completed a parametric Tower of London (ToL) task. Psychological and cognitive functioning were assessed using validated questionnaires. Clinical severity was assessed retrospectively using the Cushing’s syndrome Severity Index (CSI).

Results

CD Patients were on average 45.1 (SD=7.1) years old, 81% female, and in remission for mean 10.68 (SD=7.69) years. No differences were found in number of correct trials, response times per ToL trial, or in the region of interest analyses. Exploratory wholebrain analyses found that CD patients showed more activation in several brain regions associated with higher cognitive processes on 2-, 3-, and 5-step trials compared to HCs. Over-recruitment of the right parietal operculum cortex in the patients was significantly negatively associated with the prior active disease state on the CSI (r=-0.519, p=0.02).

Conclusions

The increased brain activation during the ToL in remitted CD patients versus controls signals over-recruitment of certain brain areas involved in higher cognitive processes. CD may thus result in long-lasting, subtle scarring effects during demanding executive functioning tasks, despite remission.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Neuroimaging in psychiatry: is it relevant?
Authors: Binic I. , Petrovic J. , Antonijevic J. , Zikic O. , Pancic D. , Petrovic F.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The upturn of neuroimaging techniques in the past 30 years has changed the study of the biology of psychiatric disorders with implications for psychiatric practice. Thrive in medical imaging technology has, in fact, truly reformed nearly every medical field.

Objectives

These advances include both improvements in image resolution and the development of novel imaging techniques all of which provide an unprecedented view, in detail, of anatomical structures and/or functions in the human body.

Methods

Nowadays, we are familiar with the role of some brain structures such as the amygdala, the thalamus, the hippocampus, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and the insula in neuropsychiatric function. For example, lesions to the frontal cortex can disrupt judgment, motivation and social behavior.

Results

Currently, most imaging techniques have some sort of clinical application, but this is usually restricted to a limited number of cases. New techniques have provided invaluable information not only about the brain structure and function associated with psychiatric disorders but increasingly about the mechanisms underpinning these disorders.

Conclusions

Growing understanding of the specific pathophysiology of mental disorders prepares us for improvement in the identification of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, which could lead to more accurate diagnoses and prediction of treatment response of the disorders managed in everyday clinical practice. Of note, the identification of neural biomarkers could potentially identify people at risk of developing a particular illness.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Discussion on Assessment and Treatment of Cognitive Impairment and New Developments of Cognitive Remediation in Schizophrenia
Authors: Wykes T.
Published: September 2022

Cognitive impairment is conceptualised in different ways and the discussion will highlight differences and similarities. The importance of these cognitive impairments for choosing specific or generic cognitive remediation therapies will be highlighted as well as the need to consider social cognition and metacognition as potentially more important ingredients for improving recovery.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
What are the Training Needs of Mental Health and other Healthcare Professionals in Women’s Mental Health?
Authors: Sönmez Güngör E.
Published: September 2022

Women’s mental health deals with, but not limited to, various aspects of psychiatric disorders in women, across the lifespan. The differential influence of gender and gender related indirect factors on mental ill-health has been researched and established for at least three decades. However, this topic is seldomly considered to be included in the structured curricula of psychiatric training. Several institutions provide temporary, CME-linked courses and other training opportunities. Yet, in many countries it is not part of a core program, whereas in common mental disorders, it is women who predominate. In this talk, a special focus will put on the training needs of psychiatrists and other mental health professionals regarding women’s mental health, especially perinatal mental health and psychopharmacology during pregnancy and lactation. Another important aspect is the impact of intimate partner violence on the mental (and general) wellbeing of women, which despite being encountered by around 1 out of 3 women worldwide, is still poorly addressed and treated. Some other contemporary aspects such as the mental health of immigrant women, will also be discussed.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
¿Compulsion or perseveration? A case report
Authors: Ruiz Moliner A.M. , Pérez Romero A. , Carranza Pérez-Tinao A. , González Garrido S.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

54-year-old female patient who came to hospital due to psychopathological decompensation of her Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), after 35 years under follow-up. Parkinson´s disease. Psychopharmacological treatment: sertraline 100 mg (1-0-0); lorazepam 2 mg (1-1-1); Levodopa/carbidopa 100/25 mg (1-1-1). Distressed at first examination. She described increase in rituals, important intake restriction, weight impact and difficulties in home management with functional repercussions. Psychopathological exploration: conscious, oriented, and approachable. Circumstantial speech with no obsessive ideas. Increased frequency of repetitive behaviours led to a functional deterioration, becoming dependent for activities of daily living. Elevated anxiety. No major mood disorder. No psychotic symptoms. Bradykinesia. Hypophagia without anorexia. Admission is carried out. Good evolution: improvement in motor symptoms and intake restoration. No changes in repetitive behaviours.

Objectives

To discuss the differential diagnosis between OCD and Frontotemporal Dementia.

Methods

Repetitive behaviours were initially understood as rituals typical of OCD. However, the absence of both a fixed pattern of behaviour and a structured obsessive ideation, made us consider the possibility of frontal perseveration behaviours. For this reason, a neuropsychological evaluation and a functional neuroimaging test were performed: Test Mo-CA: 9/30 with striking failures in executive functions. SPECT: mild uptake defect in the left frontotemporal region.

Results

Finally, in view of the impairment in executive functions and the frontal defects in neuroimaging, we change the initial diagnosis of OCD towards a Neurocognitive Disorder of probable frontotemporal origin.

Conclusions

The presented case evidenced the importance of differentiating obsessive compulsions from frontal perseverance to guide the differential diagnosis, given the implications for therapeutic management and prognosis.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Depressive Symptoms of Centenarians during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Preliminary Results of an Exploratory Study in Switzerland
Authors: Gomes Da Rocha C. , Von Gunten A. , Uittenhove K. , Lampraki C. , Cavalli S. , Herrmann F. , Jopp D.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Depression is one of the most frequent mental health problems in older populations.1 To the best of our knowledge, the prevalence of depressive symptomatology (DS) among centenarians in Switzerland is unknown. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic may have had a negative impact. As part of the study SWISS1002, we intend to provide key information on centenarians’ levels of DS.

Objectives

To describe the DS of Switzerland’s centenarians during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

Randomly selected centenarians from across Switzerland and their proxy relatives were invited to participate. Data are collected via telephone. The questionnaire includes the assessment of DS via the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)– 5 items.3 Preliminary data were analysed using descriptive statistics.

Results

Telephone interviews were completed with 51 centenarians, and for 19 of them, proxy relatives also answered. The MAge of the centenarians was 101.41 (1.47) years, 34 (66.67%) were female and 27 (52.94%) lived at home. The mean score of the GDS–5 was 1.32 (SD=1.49). Considering a cut-off ≥2, 18 (36%) centenarians were screened positive for possible depression. Descriptive statistics indicated effects of gender (men: M=1.41, SD=1.46; women: M=1.27, SD=1.53) and living situation (private: M=1.07, SD=1.36; institution: M=1.61, SD=1.62). Centenarians’ and proxy reports were significantly related (ρ=0.56; p<.05).

Conclusions

Clinically relevant DS are highly prevalent among centenarians during the COVID-19 pandemic (36%), which is consistent with a recent study4 reporting a prevalence of 32% in a sample of younger older adults (MAge: 77.6, SD=6.9). To conclude, DS in centenarians should be screened systematically, especially in this time of unprecedented health crisis.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Estimate of the prevalence of depression among older people in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tilahune A. , Mekonnen N. , Duko B.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Among non-communicable diseases, depression is a leading cause of morbidity in elderly people with varying magnitude across countries. No systematic review and meta-analysis has yet examined the pooled prevalence of depression among elderly in Africa.

Objectives

The current systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of depression among elderly people in Africa.

Methods

We have searched CINAHL, PubMed, SCOPUS and Psych-iNFO databases to identify observational studies which reported the prevalence of depression among the elderly. We used a random-effects model due to reported heterogeneity among the studies. The publication bias was examined by using egger’s test, visual inspection of the symmetry in funnel plots and adjusted using Trim and Fill analysis. We used Cochran’s Q and the I2-tests to measure heterogeneity across the studies.

Results

A total of 23 studies conducted in Africa were included in the current systematic review and meta-analysis, representing a total of 14, 350 elderly population. The pooled prevalence of depression among elderly people in Africa was estimated to be 26.3% (95% Ci; 22.2, 30.4%). The estimated pooled prevalence of depression among the elderly in Africa was much higher (43.1%) in studies that used a screening tool to measure depression when compared to studies that used a diagnostic tool (24.2%). Also, the prevalence of depression among female elderly participant (43.10%) was higher than that of male elderly participant (30.90%).

Conclusions

One in five elderly population in Africa were depressed. Timely and targeted screening of depression among the elderly and evidence-based interventions were highly recommended.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Sexuality and the Quality of Life in Older People: A Correlational Study
Authors: Boyacıoğlu N.E. , Oflaz F. , Yıldız Karaahmet A. , Hodaeı B.K. , Afşin Y.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Sexuality, which is an essential part of human life, is an instinct with the potential to cause or be caused by health problems. Although qualitative and quantitative characteristics of sexual life evolves over time, it may continue until the age of eighties.

Objectives

This descriptive-correlational study aimed to analyze the relationship between general health status, quality of life and sexual life among senior people.

Methods

Study was conducted with the participation of 323 (169 female and 154 male) older people at the age of 65+. The participants were clients of the inpatient and outpatient services in a general hospital in Istanbul. General Health Questionnaire, Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale and Quality of Life Scale in Older People were used to collect data via online survey.

Results

The quality of life was better and sexual problems were lower for the participants who had a partner, higher education level, lower age, a regular job, sufficient income, no chronic disease, who defined their relationship as sufficient, frequently engaged in sexual activity and who considered themselves as attractive.

Conclusions

Sexuality in older people changes over time and continues to hold its importance. Researchers should consider the importance of the quality of life on sexual satisfaction in older people.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Recent Trends in Russian Psychiatry with Particular Emphasis on Training in Women’s Mental Health
Authors: Semenova N. , Ilina N.
Published: September 2022

There will be two main foci to this presentation. Firstly, Designing and implementing a new educational program entitled “Women victims of domestic violence: Detection, clinic, help” – that is mainly based on the teaching of several modules, WPA International Curriculum for Mental Healthcare Providers on Violence Against Women. Our program is a follow-on to the one held during the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions, at which interest was expressed in sharing ideas and resources. Secondly, Informing on the recent trends in Russian perinatal psychiatry. This covers the psychiatric training in the assessment domain, case management, and service evaluation. We will introduce and review some resources for use in women’s mental health practicals, propose innovative pedagogical structures for practical teachings, such as Problem Based Learning, ’Vicarious Learning,’ and encourage discussion of how the practical aspects of women’s mental health teaching can be supported and enhanced. Teaching modules and training pathways will be delivered (“not too much; not too little and in the right order”), and dimensions of quality in continuing professional development in women’s mental health (i.e., Sophistication, Credibility, Timeliness, and Utility) will be outlined. This will be followed by a discussion exploring the different prioritization of the teaching modules across various organizations. We urge our audience to consider it is time for psychiatric training in women’s mental health to move from the margins to the center.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Othello syndrome: ¿Psychosis or dementia? A case report
Authors: Franco Soler A. , Coucheiro Limeres P. , Cerame A. , Torregrosa Martínez H.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Othello syndrome (OS) is a psychiatric condition consisting of delusional jealousy, and irritability. It is often associated with psychiatric or neurological disorders. The most common are delusional disorder and dementia.

Objectives

The purpose of this poster is to examine the phenomenon of OS and its etiopathogenesis throughout a case report.

Methods

We present the case of a 78-year-old male patient who was treated in our department due to delusional jealousy and depressive symptoms. The patient has a medical history of cardiac events in the past, being stable at the current moment. We performed a detailed psychiatric and physical history paying special attention to personality traits in the past. The patient was administered Mini Mental State Examination and CamCog (subscale of Camdex).

Results

According to him and his family our patient had neither episodes of jealousy nor affective disorders. His results were: 18 in MMSE and 57 in CamCog. Both compatible with a dementia course.

Conclusions

Attending our results we inferred that the OS belongs to a dementia clinical picture instead of a psychotic disorder. Therefore we decided to treat the patient with neuroleptics, with partial improvement, and to start cognitive stimulation treatment in a day centre and a short term psychological family intervention to help the family to understand and cope with the course of dementia. Thus, clinicians should keep in mind the possible organic origin of OS, especially in elderly persons, to develop an appropriate individual and familiar case approach.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Recent Trends in Russian Psychiatry with Particular Emphasis on Training in Women’s Mental Health
Authors: Ilina N. , Semenova N.
Published: September 2022

There will be two main foci to this presentation.

Firstly, Designing and implementing a new educational program entitled “Women victims of domestic violence: Detection, clinic, help” – that is mainly based on the teaching of several modules, WPA International Curriculum for Mental Healthcare Providers on Violence Against Women. Our program is a follow-on to the one held during the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions, at which interest was expressed in sharing ideas and resources.

Secondly, Informing on the recent trends in Russian perinatal psychiatry. This covers the psychiatric training in the assessment domain, case management, and service evaluation.

We will introduce and review some resources for use in women’s mental health practicals, propose innovative pedagogical structures for practical teachings, such as Problem Based Learning, ‘Vicarious Learning,’ and encourage discussion of how the practical aspects of women’s mental health teaching can be supported and enhanced.

Teaching modules and training pathways will be delivered (“not too much; not too little and in the right order”), and dimensions of quality in continuing professional development in women’s mental health (i.e., Sophistication, Credibility, Timeliness, and Utility) will be outlined.

This will be followed by a discussion exploring the different prioritization of the teaching modules across various organizations.

We urge our audience to consider it is time for psychiatric training in women’s mental health to move from the margins to the center.
Neurosyphilis as a cause for neuropsychiatric symptoms: a case report
Authors: Romero Gerechter I. , Molina Liétor M.D.C.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection which in its late phase can cause all kinds of neuropsychiatric symptoms. A case report of a 79-year-old male with a manic episode probably due to lues is presented.

Objectives

A case of a patient with neurosyphilis is presented followed by a theoretical review on the topic.

Methods

A case is presented with a bibliographic review.

Results

A 79-year-old male was hospitalized with symptoms of disorientation, inattention, and difficulty for abstract thought. His speech was verbose, incoherent with megalomaniac ideas. He presented affective symptoms such as hyperthymia, emotional lability and intermittent crying. He also had nomination problems and recent memory mistakes. He also suffered from insomnia. He presented as his medical history HIV infection under control and syphilis treated in December 2020 with a negative RPR test in June 2021. During his hospitalization he was treated with increasing doses of olanzapine and valproic acid. Irritability improved with this treatment.

Conclusions

Neurosyphilis may be presented as any kind of neuropsychiatric disorder. Laboratory tests are required as there is no conclusive imaging test. Penicillin and symptomatic management are the proper treatment. Neuropsychiatric disorders in elderly population must consider infectious diseases and previous pathologies as differential diagnosis.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Tunisian sociodemographic profile of elderly patients hospitalized in psychiatry
Authors: Djemal F. , Messedi N. , Chamseddine A. , Bouattour W. , Charfeddine F. , Aribi L. , Aloulou J.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Elderly people have always presented physiological changes and suffered from many diseases. There are few studies focused on this growing particular population, especially with mental pathologies. Thus, psychiatric hospitalization of the elderly population is more frequent nowadays.

Objectives

The aim of this study is to establish the socio-demographic characteristics of elderly patients hospitalized in psychiatry.

Methods

Retrospective and descriptive study over a period of 20 years and 6 months on patients aged over 65 years old hospitalized in the psychiatry “B” department of the Hedi Chaker University hospital in Sfax, Tunisia, for a psychiatric disorder, selected according to the DSM 5 diagnosis criteria.

Results

The number of records identified was 62, out of 4019 patients (15.4%). The mean age of patients was 71.1 years old and the sex ratio (Male / Female) = 0.67. Patients were originally from Sfax in 58.1% and from rural areas in 58.1% of cases. Most of patients (78.4%) were living at least with one member of their family. They were married in 53.2% of cases. The average number of children was 5.21. The majority of patients were illiterate (61.3%) and never had a professional activity in 45.2% of cases. Social coverage concerned 96.8% of our sample.

Conclusions

Elderly patients hospitalized in our department were mainly illiterate, females and living with their family. Despite everything, family involvement in care is still necessary for this category of patients.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Clock Drawing Test – low accuracy in early hours
Authors: Sejunaite K. , Gaucher F. , Riepe M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Early diagnostics of neurodegenerative disease and their comorbidities is linked to better treatment outcome and improved quality of life. The first patient assessment should lay strong foundations for the direction of the upcoming diagnostic procedure. Clock Drawing Test (CDT) is often used as an early screening instrument in geriatric patients presenting with cognitive disorders.

Objectives

The goal of the present study was to evaluate diagnostic accuracy of the CDT in a geriatric cohort with mild cognitive difficulties.

Methods

Out of a pool of in- and outpatient data presenting with subjective cognitive difficulties three diagnostic groups were formed – mild cognitive impairment, depressive disorder and healthy controls. CDT was scored using a quantitative scoring system with each aspect of the clock evaluated separately. CDT data was analysed for its discriminative value in early diagnostics of AD and DD.

Results

Logistic regression produced a significant model with a low percentage of explained variance in both DD and AD groups. Same CDT items were significant predictors for DD and AD pathology. ROC curve inspection allowed only a poor discrimination capability for the significant predictors.

Conclusions

Despite being a popular screening test, CDT is a poor choice for individuals presenting with a mild cognitive impairment. Using CDT alone might result in initial stages of neurodegeneration going undetected, thus depriving patients of early treatment options. Same error types were significant predictors in DD and AD. This indicates that CDT can detect a general impairment; however, an in-depth neuropsychological assessment is needed for differential diagnostics.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Determinants of insulin treatment satisfaction among type 2 diabetic older adults
Authors: Zaouali F. , Lassoued N. , Sondess A. , Alaya W. , Sfar M.H.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Glycemic control for elderly diabetics is a challenge. Treatment satisfaction reflects this control.

Objectives

To determine the factors associated with insulin treatment satisfaction among type 2 diabetic elderly.

Methods

A cross-sectional study on 86 type 2 diabetic insulin dependent elderly recruited from the outpatient endocrinology consultation during June and July 2021. We applied the Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (DTSQ) and geriatric assessment scores.

Results

Three quarters of the patients were satisfied with the insulin therapy. Satisfied patients had significantly less history of hospitalization and more regular follow-up. Diabetic neuropathy medications were significantly less taken by satisfied patients. The number of daily insulin injections was significantly higher in the unsatisfied patients. Diabetic foot was significantly more frequent in unsatisfied patients. Satisfied patients were significantly less depressed, more independent in both basic and instrumental activities of daily living, without memory impairment, in better nutritional status and not falling. Higher DTSQ scores were associated with regular follow up (β 7.92, 95% CI 1.83 to 34.3). Lower DTSQ scores were associated with the history of hospitalization (β 0.12, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.58), the taking of medications for diabetic neuropathy (β 0.07, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.51), the high number of insulin injections (β 0.43, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.97) and the presence of diabetic foot (β 0.17, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.38).

Conclusions

Risk factors for patients’ insulin dissatisfaction should be detected early and managed appropriately to improve patients’satisfaction and consequently their well-being.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Depression among type 2 diabetic insulin-dependent older adults
Authors: Zaouali F. , Lassoued N. , Boubaker F. , Alaya W. , Sfar M.H.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Although depression is one of the most common diseases among older people, it is still underdiagnosed due to frequent misleading symptoms.

Objectives

The aims of our study were to assess depression in type 2 diabetic insulin-dependent older adults and to identify factors associated with depression among this population.

Methods

A cross-sectional study on 100 type 2 diabetic insulin-dependent elderly recruited from the outpatient endocrinology consultation during June and July 2021. We applied the geriatric assessment scores: the Geriatric Depression Scale 15-item, the KATS score, the Lawton scale. the five-word test, the Mini Nutritional Assessment and the Timed Up and Go test.

Results

The mean age of the population was 70.8±5.8 years with sex ratio of 0.85. Depression was noted among 57% of the patients who were distributed as follow: around one fifth (21%) had mild depression while 36% had moderate to severe depression. Around one quarter of the patients (24%) were dependent in the basic activities of daily living. Depression was significantly associated with dependency (β = 5.27; 95% CI, 1.01 to 27.35), ophthalmologic diseases (β = 8.81; 95% CI, 2.18 to 35.63), high frequency of nocturia (β = 3.71; 95% CI, 1.24 to 11.05) and high frequency of bleeding at insulin injection site (β = 4.21; 95% CI, 1.49 to 11.84).

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that the prevalence of depression is high among type 2 diabetic insulin-dependent older adults. Early assessment of depression’s risk factors is a major pillar of the comprehensive care of our seniors.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Subjective expectations from radiotherapy and chemotherapy in patients with oncological illnesses
Authors: Rasskazova E. , Kovyazina M. , Karakurchi M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Expectations and fears about chemotherapy and radiotherapy in patients with oncological illness may not only affect their subjective well-being (Shaverdian et al., 2018) but also treatment satisfaction and complaints of side effects (Guidolin et al., 2018, Dong et al., 2014, Colagiuri et al., 2013).

Objectives

The aim was to compare beliefs about treatment in patients referred to radiation therapy and chemotherapy, and to reveal their relationship to health anxiety and subjective well-being.

Methods

53 patients referred to radiation therapy and 63 patients referred to chemotherapy completed the Treatment Perception in Oncological Illnesses Scale (Kovyazina et al., 2021), Illness and Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire (Kovyazina et al., 2019), Satisfaction with Life Scale (Diener et al., 1985) and Scale of Positive and Negative Experiences (Diener et al., 2009).

Results

Compared to radiation therapy, with chemotherapy, patients tend to be more doubtful about the effectiveness of treatment and more anxious about the need for it (p<.05). Moderated mediation analysis demonstrated that lack of understanding, doubts about the effectiveness and anxiety about radiation and chemotherapy are associated with subjective ill-being indirectly - through a higher level of health anxiety (β=-.79--.35, SE=.17-.26, 95% CI [-1.42 - -.75 – -.37 - -0,08]). Feelings of helplessness regarding treatment mediated the relationship between doubts and confidence about treatment effectiveness and well-being in both groups.

Conclusions

Results demonstrated that some fears and expectations about chemo- and radiotherapy could provoke health anxiety and helplessness regarding treatment that is related to poorer well-being.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Is the Living Will an interesting way to determine themselves? Qualitative research about considerations said by oncologists in a university service care in Southeast Brazil
Authors: Turato E. , Rodrigues J.R. , Santos C. , Bispo A.C. , Lima C.S.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

What does the physician think in his/her intimacy about clinical care for when his/her death would be near? Living Will is a type of advance directive with the aim to guarantee the testator’s autonomy when faced with death. Particularly oncologists are often faced with human finitude. Their delicate work does not protect them from the possible anguish of thinking and preparing for their own death. It is pertinent to know the psychic mechanisms normally present in the management of this expectation.

Objectives

To explore symbolic representations of oncologists such as referred to the possible elaboration of their own Living Will.

Methods

Qualitative design. Eight participants, clinicians, sample closed by theoretical saturation of information. Semidirected interviews in-depth were conducted online during the pandemic, fully transcribed. Technique of Clinical-Qualitative Content Analysis used for data treatment to generate categories of discussion. The authors search for core meanings in the corpus of interviews, after free-floating readings.

Results

Three categories emerged from the material: Living Will: postponing the decision in order to not anticipate death; From Rationalization Mechanism to Intellectualization: a more sophisticated defensive strategy; Loss of Autonomy: the doctor’s belief while to feel him/herself patient.

Conclusions

(1) Even with all scientific knowledge, respondents have archaic thoughts on defining advance directives as healthy individuals would mean rushing time of their death. (2) Resistance of these professionals to an imagined scenario of end reveals underlying anguish in writing of living will. (3) There is fear of losing autonomy when they do not know how their Living Will can be seen.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.