bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional printing of cell-laden bioink for blood vessel tissue engineering: Influence of process parameters and components on cell viability
Authors: ZHAN CONGCONG , Hu Yasong , ZHOU ANDUO , ZHANG SHANFENG , Huang Xia
Published: September 2021

Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a potential therapeutic method for
tissue engineering owing to its ability to prepare cell-laden tissue
constructs. The properties of bioink are crucial to accurately control
the printing structure. Meanwhile, the effect of process parameters on
the precise structure is not nonsignificant. We investigated the
correlation between process parameters of 3D bioprinting and the
structural response of κ-carrageenan-based hydrogels to explore the
controllable structure, printing resolution, and cell survival rate.
Small-diameter (<6 mm) gel filaments with different structures
were printed by varying the shear stress of the extrusion bioprinter to
simulate the natural blood vessel structure. The cell viability of the
scaffold was evaluated. The in vitro culture of human umbilical vein
endothelium cells (HUVECs) on the κ-carrageenan (kc) and composite gels
(carrageenan/carbon nanotube and carrageenan/sodium alginate)
demonstrated that the cell attachment and proliferation on composite
gels were better than those on pure kc. Our results revealed that the
carrageenan-based composite bioinks offer better printability,
sufficient mechanical stiffness, interconnectivity, and
biocompatibility. This process can facilitate precise adjustment of the
pore size, porosity, and pore distribution of the hydrogel structure by
optimising the printing parameters as well as realise the precise
preparation of the internal structure of the 3D hydrogel-based tissue
engineering scaffold. Moreover, we obtained perfused tubular filament by
3D printing at optimal process parameters.
Direct Oral Anticoagulants versus Vitamin K Antagonists in epistaxis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Stanković Petar , Hoch Stephan , Rudhart Stefan , Obradovic Danilo , Dagres Nikolaos , Wilhelm Thomas
Published: September 2021

Objective: Epistaxis is the most common otolaryngological emergency and
up to one third of patients in treated on an inpatient basis take oral
anticoagulants (OAC). Direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC), an OAC
subgroup, have been on the market since 2010 and are being increasingly
prescribed due to the cardiologic and hematologic guidelines that favour
them over vitamin K antagonists (VKA), the older of the OAC subgroups.
The present study aims to investigate which subgroup of epistaxis
patients taking OACs has a more favourable outcome. Design/Setting: A
systematic review and meta-analysis were performed according to the
PRISMA 2020 statement using the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases.
Continuous data was analysed and standardized mean difference (SMD) was
calculated according to Hedges’ g. Dichotomous data was analysed and the
Mantel-Haenszel method was applied to establish the odds ratio (OR).
Heterogeneity was assessed according to the I2 statistics. Main
Outcome/Results: A total of 8 reports covering 1390 patients were
included in the final synthesis. The pooled analysis demonstrated
significantly shorter hospital stays in the DOAC group (SMD= -0.22, 95%
CI -0.42 to -0.02, P= .03) and a significantly higher rate of posterior
bleeding in the VKA group (OR= .39, 95% CI .23 to .68, P= .001). No
statistically significant differences with regard to recurrence rates,
admission rates, the need for transfusion, or surgical intervention (P=
.57, .12, .57 and .38 respectively) were found. Conclusion: According to
this meta-analysis, epistaxis patients taking DOACs have a more
favourable outcome than patients taking VKAs.
Climate and habitat loss interactively restructure trait composition and covariance across a human-modified landscape
Authors: Krishnadas Meghna
Published: September 2021

Species traits influence their response to environmental conditions and
the match between phenotypes and environment mediates spatial changes in
species composition. These trait-environment linkages can be disrupted
in human-modified landscapes. Human land-use creates habitat fragments
where dispersal limitation or edge effects can exclude species that may
otherwise suit a given macro-scale environment. Furthermore, stressful
micro-environments in fragments may limit viable trait combinations
resulting in stronger trait covariance compared to contiguous forest,
especially in harsher macroenvironments. In a wet tropical forest
landscape in the Western Ghats Biodiversity Hotspot of peninsular India,
I compared fragments with adjacent contiguous forest for signatures of
trait-mediated assembly of tree communities along macroenvironmental
gradients. Using four key plant traits—seed size, specific leaf area
(SLA), wood density, and maximum height—I evaluated changes in
trait-mediated abundances and trait covariance across environmental
gradients. Trait-mediated abundances primarily changed along the
elevation gradient in contiguous forest, smaller-seeded, shorter,
thinner-leaved species increased at higher elevations. In fragments,
higher SLA species increased in more seasonal climate and decreased with
higher precipitation, and larger seeds decreased at warmer sites.
However, traits only weakly predicted abundances and only contiguous
forests experienced significant compositional change via traits, driven
by trait syndromes varying along a composite environmental gradient
defined by elevation, water deficit, and soil C:N ratio. Covariance of
seed size and maximum height along gradients of precipitation and
temperature revealed divergent constraints on viable phenotypes in
fragments and contiguous forest. Notably, local biotic conditions
(functional diversity) had stronger effects than environment in
explaining trait covariance. Overall, the results imply that trait
syndromes and trait covariance, rather than single traits, determine the
phenotypes best suited to different macroenvironmental conditions and
should inform management or restoration goals in fragments.
Implants in the Aesthetic Zone: A Guide for Treatment of the Partially Edentulous Patient by Todd R. Schoenbaum. New York, USA: Springer, 2019
Authors: Fesenko Ievgen
Published: September 2021

“Talent attracts talent”
— Jay Elliot and William L. Simon
Authors of textbook The Steve Jobs Way

Whether you are from the field of periodontics,
trying to develop new flap techniques around implants,
prosthodontics, or oral and maxillofacial surgery, you
can definitely see state of the art chapters by Dr. Todd
R. Schoenbaum in Newman & Carranza’s Clinical
Periodontology (13th edition, 2018) [1].
Todd R. Schoenbaum, DDS, FACD is a highly
experienced Associate Clinical Professor at the famous
University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) moves
extremely fast bringing implant dentistry to new high levels
of aesthetics and function.
And what happens when a star starts to shine brightly?
He starts to attract other stars. The 25 authors who are
representing 11 countries and 10 world class universities
contributed to Implants in the Aesthetic Zone: A Guide for
Treatment of the Partially Edentulous Patient.
Textbook consists of sixteen Chapters, six of which, are
precisely focused on the surgical aspects.
In summary, it`s a great pleasure to recommend such
masterpiece to everyone who is interested in improving
their implant treatment with aesthetics, predictability, and
function.
Instagram Channel: Do We Use Its Full Potential?
Authors: Tymofieiev Oleksii , Ushko Natalia , Fesenko Ievgen
Published: September 2021

If you`ve got an idea, start today. —Kevin Systrom Co-founder of the Instagram Growth of the journal is undoubtedly based not only on hard scholar work of the editorial team but also on realization of ideas in social media (SM) and moving forward journal`s own SM account (the term ‘SM account’ can be equated to team ‘channel’ as everyone can use its 24/7 uploading images/videos). Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (PRS) shows us how the journal`s development can be additionally accelerated using Instagram: 2019 Impact Factor (IF) of the journal became all-time high, reaching 4.209.1 Analysis of Instagram accounts of other publications show us next. As of August 25, the PRS account (@prsjournal) has 20,5 k followers; PRS Global Open (@prsglobalopen), the 8-year-old sister journal of PRS with no IF yet, has 6 048 followers, the account (@nejm) of New England Journal of Medicine (IF is 74.699) has 404 k followers; the Obstetrics & Gynecology (IF is 5.524) has 2 735 followers in its account (@greenjrnl); the Orthopedics (IF is 1.409) has 2 466 followers in its @ortho_journal account, and our 4-year-old journal has 1 631 followers in the account @dt_journal (Fig 1). The publication experience of the editorial board (EB) shows that Instagram really works.2,3 It works in attracting authors/editors, widening audience of readers, more rapid formation of new journal`s brand, etc. So, the main question every EB should ask them is “How do we use the potential of the Instagram channel?” After all, the channel in a fastest growing SM with 1 billion global users. Whether we use the potential to the maximum, or just a little, or do not pay attention at all?
Professional and psychological qualities of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine special agents engaged into confidential cooperation
Authors: Polovnikov Vadym , Kireieva Olha , Zaitsev Oleksandr , Volynets Pavlo , Polyuk Viktor
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the proposed research is an attempt to determine which basic professional and psychological qualities of SBGSU special agents are the most important for the formation of a professional officer’s profile of a special agent, who performs tasks of operative and investigative activities and works with confidants based on the generalization of the survey results of three groups of respondents. The sample was made by 94 of respondents. There are 81 special agents of SBGSU operative units, among them are 69 operations officers and 12 heads of departments (sectors, groups) and 13 instructors of the National Academy of the SBGSU who train special agents for SBGSU. The results of the survey using the original questionnaire made it possible to determine the list of professional and psychological most important qualities of an SBGSU special agent. According to the results of the study, we suppose it is necessary to focus attention and concentrate on the following qualities of SBGSU special agents: during the training period –at observational and cognitive qualities.
Research of Kirovsk Reservoir for developing mobile active hydroacoustic fish protecting device
Authors: Tumenov Artur Nasibullayevich , Asylbekova Saule Zhangirovna , Kim Arkadiy Ignatjevich , Mukhramova Alyona Aleksandrovna
Published: September 2021

The hydrological, hydrobiological and ichthyological parameters of the Kirovsk Reservoir in the West Kazakhstan region of the Republic of Kazakhstan are described. The reservoir was selected as a model for realization of the grant project No. AP09058066 “Developing mobile active hy-droacoustic fish protecting device to protect fish and juveniles from entering the dam spillways of large hydroelectric power plants and reservoirs” of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Hydrological, hydrobiological and ichthyological studies were aimed to obtain data for making optimal decisions on the design, equipment and working algorithm of the fish protection device. Hydrological studies include measuring depths and current speed in the water area of the reservoir and in front of the dam spillway. The species composition, abundance and biomass of forage invertebrates of zooplankton and zoobenthos were studied as hydrobiological indicators. The main biological indicators, fish abundance and biomass, species composition and concentration of juveniles were taken into account when studying ichthyological data. The obtained hydrological, hydrobiological and ichthyological parameters of the Kirov Reservoir served as the basis for developing the concept of a mobile active hydroacoustic fish protecting device to prevent fish and juveniles from entering the spillways of dams at the large hydroelectric power plants and reservoirs
DYNAMICS OF PARASITOFAUNA OF DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS OF IDE LEUCISCUS IDUS (L. 1758) OF LOWER IRTYSH
Authors: Liberman Elizaveta L'vovna , Volosnikov Gleb Igorevich
Published: September 2021

The paper aims to identify the age-related dynamics patterns of distributing the parasitofauna of ide in the Lower Irtysh. The composition of the ide parasitic community is represented by sixteen species belonging to the classes Monogenea, Cestoda, Trematoda, Nematoda, Copepoda, where Trematoda class is remarkable for the highest species diversity (9 species). It has been stated that the composition of the ide parasite fauna is distributed nonuniformly within the age groups. The study noted the presence of parasite species invading ide of any age group; there were also parasitic organisms observed either in young ide representatives, or in older fish species, as well as there were found parasite species not belonging to any distribution system. According to the analysis results of the age dynamics of the average invasion intensity, it has been found that the representatives of O. felineus and R. campanula prevailed in the number of specimens in all age groups of ide. The dynamics of the invasion extensity conditionally corresponds to three groups: EI growing with the fish aging, EI with a decreasing dynamics, constant EI = 100% (represented by

R. campanula). The parasitofauna of the Lower Irtysh ide is similar to the parasite fauna of ide species inhabiting other water bodies, and shows the peculiarities of occurrence both within a separate age group and in the dynamics of occurrence parameters with fish aging
OPTIMIZATION OF STAGES OF PRE-SPAWNING AND SPAWNING PERIODS OF TILAPIA IN COMMERCIAL GROWING
Authors: Vasil'eva Ekaterina , Melnik Irina
Published: September 2021

The article describes the process of commercial fish production in modern aquaculture, which requires high technologies and significant input. Optimization of technological processes while breeding fish is a necessary condition for the development of the industry. It is difficult and virtually impossible to develop a universal production pattern, this is why it is reasonable to split the whole process into several optimization tasks corresponding to each of the stages of the technological cycle. It is proposed to regulate such indicators as the level of feeding, pH value, age of producers as control actions at the stages of pre-spawning and spawning periods. The possibility to use the mentioned parameters for stage optimization, as well as for selecting the best values for each of the factors was assessed. The optimization target is to define the optimal amount of viable eggs, which would correspond to the minimal prime cost. It has been demonstrated that the optimal feeding level for the producers equals to 4 – 4.5 per cent of the fish body weight. The increase in the feeding level influences the fertility of producers insufficiently, inflating the costs. It has been found out that 12 – 24 months old producers have the best reproduction indices. The preferred quality and the vital capacity of spawn received from the producers within this group have also been registered. Another factor which may be used in order to control the process is the pH of water in pools. Regardless of the fact that tilapia producers are relatively undemanding to the habitat conditions and resistant to pH values, it is possible to single out the optimal range of this factor. It corresponds to pH values between 6 and 7.5. This is when the best rates of eggs fertilization and survival are observed.
SPECIFIC FEATURES OF EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT OF POND SNAIL (LYMNAEA STAGNALIS L.) UNDER ANTHROPOGENIC INFLUENCE OF CHLORIDE COMPOUNDS IN WATER
Authors: Gorbunov Aleksandr , Nikiforov-Nikishin Dmitry , Gorbunov Oleg
Published: September 2021

The article highlights the research of embryonic development of hydrobionts under the influence of anthropogenic factors of water solutions – chlorobenzene and tetrachloroethylene. To detect the toxicity of chloride pollutants in a freshwater reservoir, representatives of benthic mollusks (big pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis L.) were used as a model organism. According to the results of research, it was found that at a concentration of 0.01 mg/l of chlorobenzene solution individual anomalies of embryonic development of the pond fish are observed, but at higher concentrations its development is delayed by 5-6 stages in comparison with the control. As an integral parameter of pond fish development, we can take indicators of the biological toxicity criterion: Hatchling and its survival over a 10-day period after leaving the egg shells. Changes in the physiological parameters of pond fish embryos begin with a chlorobenzene concentration of 0.01 mg/l; the maximum permissible concentration for tetrachloroethylene for the considered biological indicators should be considered 0.05 mg/l. It is noted that in big pond snail (Lymnaea stagnalis L.) the hatch of juveniles from egg shells is the most sensitive indicator when determining the toxicity of an aqueous solution; and less sensitive indicators are the number of eggs laid and the survival of juveniles in the first 10 days after hatching. The test object used is a large pond, which has shown a high sensitivity to contamination of the water environment with chlorinated ecotoxicants and can be recommended for a comprehensive quality assessment when biotesting freshwater waters
RESEARCH OF TECHNO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF GYMNOCANTHUS HERZENSTEINI
Authors: Yugay Alevtina , Boitsova Tatyana , Pechnikov Alexander
Published: September 2021

The article considers the problem of the rational use of aquatic biological resources in the modern fishing process, which can be partially solved by the complex processing of hydrobionts, the by-catch being underutilized. Gobies or sculpins make about 22% of the by-catch in the catch of commercial fish species in the Far Eastern fishery basin. It is a promising fishing object, the biological value of which was studied earlier and proved in the recent studies. Despite the available reserves, gobies are not used for developing the food products or feed flour. The frequent reasons for low demand for products from such non-commercial raw materials can be: the lack of modern data on the chemical composition of the edible part, data on biological safety, methods of technological processing of raw materials and technology for obtaining food products. There are presented the study results on the size, mass and technological characteristics of Far Eastern stag-horn sculpin belonging to gobies Cottidae Gymnocanthus (Gymnocanthus Herzensteini). There is shown the relationship between the fish mass and the mass of muscle tissue, between the fish length and weight, and the fish weight and mass of the head. The yield of secondary raw materials (heads, entrails, bones, fins) has been determined. Based on the conducted chemical analysis, it was found out that Far Eastern staghorn sculpin belongs to the protein species of fish (19%) with a low lipid content (up to 2%). For the first time, the amino acid and fatty acid composition of proteins and lipids of fish muscle tissue has been investigated. It has been stated that the muscle tissue contains all essential amino acids, the rate of which is more than 100%. The objective indicators of the biological value of muscle tissue proteins were determined: the coefficients of difference between the amino acid rate, utility of amino acids, protein-water and lipid-protein coefficients were calculated. The content of macro- and micro-elements has been studied. It was inferred that the maximum permissible concentration of arsenic, cadmium, mercury and lead do not exceed the maximum permissible level.
CHARACTERISTICS OF PHYTOPLANKTON DEVELOPMENT IN MIDDLE CASPIAN IN SUMMER PERIOD
Authors: Zimina T atyana Nikolaevna , Ardabyeva Alevtina Georgievna , Kotelnikov Andrey Vyacheslavovich
Published: September 2021

The article highlights the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of phytoplankton organisms in the water area of the Middle Caspian Sea studied by sections: the city of Makhachkala-cape Sagyndyk, the city of Derbent - cape Sandy, Divichi village - Kenderli bay in 2019-2020. The saprobity index and the corresponding saprobity zone of the studied areas have been determined. It has been found that the dominant group was presented by diatoms (43% of the total com-position). The subdominants were dinophytic algae. The basis of the ecological complex of 2019-2020 was made up of representatives of freshwater groups of algae. Only on the section of Divichi village - Kenderli bay there dominated the species of marine origin. Quantitative indicators of phy-toplankton, both in the Middle Caspian as a whole and by sections, in 2020 decreased compared to the previous year. The general part of the biomass was formed by a large diatom Pseudosolenia calcar-avis and representatives of the group of dinophytic algae. The leading role in the abundance figures of the Middle Caspian in 2020 was played by small-cell phytoplankton, mainly from diatoms - Thalassiosira hustedtii, Thalassionema nitzschioides, Aulacoseira granulate, species of the genus Fragilaria. The highest quantitative indicators of 2020 were noted in the section of the city of Makhachkala-cape Sagyndyk in the productive layer of 0-25 m. In 2019-2020, the saprobiological state of the waters of the Middle Caspian was characterized as moderately polluted
POPULATIONS OF ARTEMIA CRUSTACEANS OF KARABASSKY FLOODS OF PRIBALKHASHYE
Authors: Mazhibaeva Zhanara Omirbekovna , Barakbayev Tynysbek Temirkhanovich , Shalgimbaeva Gulmira Muhamedkalievna , Isbekov Kuanysh Baibulatovich , Asylbekova Saule Zhangirovna , Fefelov Viktor Vladimirovich
Published: September 2021

The article presents the analysis of biological parameters of parthenogenetics of Artemia crustaceans of the hypergaline reservoirs of Kazakhstan. In the lakes under study there are shown the changes of the total crustacean biomass decreasing from high-productive to low-productive. Most of the reservoirs with Artemia in Kazakhstan are characterized by the presence of Artemia parthenogenetic populations with the absence or extremely small presence of males. The aggregation of males in significant numbers may indicate the tension of the ecological situation in the reservoirs and the desire of the population to increase the survival and stability of the offspring. It has been stated that all age periods of crustacean maturation are found in the reservoirs. At the same time, the basis of Artemia populations in all studied lakes are the youngest stages - nauplius, which form 53-86% of the total number of Artemias. In lakes Artemia crustaceans are presented by bisexual parthenogenetic race, with all age stages of development during the summer - autumnal period of observations. The hydrochemical mode of hypergaline lakes of Karabassky floods is favorable for activity of Artemia Branchiopoda crustaceans. The size of crustacean biomass populations in Lake Balhash change on seasons ranging from low to very high. Lake No. 1 is highly productive in Artemias in the summer, and lake No. 2 - in the spring. Such difference in temporary aspect is caused by existence of various generations in the populations of the crustaceans on seasons. The data obtained prove the high potential of the studied small reservoirs of the Balkhash region in relation to autumn plankton cysts
DIEL AND INTER-SEASONAL DYNAMICS OF SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF FISH IN WATER AREA OF WINTERING RIVERBED DEPRESSION
Authors: Chemagin Andrey Aleksandrovich
Published: September 2021

To study the dynamics of the spatial distribution of fish under ice cover the research was carried out in the water area of the riverbed depression located in the lower reaches of the Irtysh River (Western Siberia, Tyumen region). The research was conducted by using the hydroacoustic method based on a computerized hydroacoustic software-hardware complex. It was found that, in the diurnal aspect, throughout the entire observation period (December - April), the number of fish in the riverbed increases during the dark period of the day, and during the light period it decreases. The dominant groups of fish change with the change of the period of the day: December - cyprinids prevail in the dark period of the day, in March and April - in the light period of the day, the rest of the time the group of percids predominated. With an increase in water temperature from December to April from 3.7 to 6.5 °C, it was noted that the density of fish decreases from 184

to 8 sp/hect. in the daytime and from 2157 to 91 sp/hect. at night (dark period), respectively. Fish explore the horizons of the water column of the riverbed depression during the day and night from the surface to the bottom with the highest density indicators near the surface, except - the daytime in December. With increasing density of fish at nightfall at the same time, there was an increase used water area of riverbed depression. In the vertical aspect, cyprinids avoid predators (pike, in-connu, burbot) in the diurnal dynamics; the distribution of cyprinids has a significant negative cor-relation with the distribution of the second group of fish. Thus, the features of the vertical and hori-zontal distribution of fish in the diurnal dynamics throughout the entire observation period are the strategy of their survival: for prey - escape from predators, for predators - search for food objects
FISHERY CHARACTERISTICS OF PIKE ESOX LUCIUS (L.) OF TOPO-PYAOZERO RESERVOIR (WHITE SEA CATCHMENT AREA)
Authors: Georgiev Andrey Pavlovich , Shirokov Vyacheslav Anatolievich , Cherepanova Nadezhda Stepanovna
Published: September 2021

The article presents the results of the work carried out within the framework of forecast topics and economic contractual topics aimed to assess the stock and production of pike in the Topo-Pyaozero (Kumskoe) Reservoir. There have been studied its main biological and structural-population indicators. Calculations of indicators of pike’s abundance and biomass at the present stage, necessary for the rational regulation of the fishery have been carried out. It was found that the fishing possibilities of the presented pike populations correspond to the production possibilities of its sexually mature part and the value obtained as a result of the biomass increase. Pike should be taken into the commercial operation from the age of 4+ years and older. The performed calculations of the stock size based on the materials of 2009–2020 recommend the volume of the pike total allowable catch at the present stage not less than 36 tons, or 21% of the value of the commercial stock (at the maximum rate of 23.4%). From the results of observations it follows that the abundance and stocks of pike in the Topo-Pyaozero Reservoir make it possible to provide large volumes of catch at the present time, and the total catch can be increased to the calculated values the volume of the allowable catch, provided that a rational fishery is maintained in water bodies. The intensity of fishing and an increase in pike catches in the reservoir should be considered as mandatory measures in terms of biological reclamation in reservoirs
STATE OF FISHERIES IN SOUTH REGION OF VOLGO-CASPIAN FISHERIES BASIN
Authors: Balykin Pavel Aleksandrovich , Khodorevskaya Raisa Pavlovna
Published: September 2021

The paper presents the generalized materials on the current state of fisheries in the Northern part of the Caspian Sea (southern region of the Volga-Caspian fisheries basin). It is shown that catches in the North-Western and Tersk-Caspian subdistricts varied in the opposite way: an increase in production in one subdistrict was accompanied by a decrease in the other. The decreasing or increasing catches is due to semi-anadromous (roach, brim, zander, carp) and freshwaterfish species (cat-fish, pike-perch, small size ordinary fish). There have been found the significant relationships between the size of catches in the North-Western and Tersk-Caspian subdistricts with the annual runoff and the volume of spring flooding of the Volga river, which allows to conclude that fish resources are redistributed between these regions depending on the natural conditions of

a particular year. In order to more fully develop the fish resources of the southern region of the Volga-Caspian fisheries basin, it is recommended to abandon the division of quotas into parts for the North-Western and Tersk-Caspian subdistricts and to allow the fishing organizations to work at the expense of the total allowable catch
ON FERTILITY OF BLACK-BACKED SHAD ALOSA KESSLERI KESSLERI (GRIMM, 1887)
Authors: Voinova Tatyana Victorovna
Published: September 2021

The article highlights the results of studying the individual absolute fertility (IAF) of black-backed shad Alosa kessleri kessleri (Grimm, 1887). The data were obtained during the species’ spawning run in the Volga River. A positive correlation was established between IAF and the linear indicators, weight and age of producers. IAF ranged from 38.0 to 333.9 thousand eggs. The average absolute fecundity of herring varied from 38.8 to 259.2 thousand eggs. In the 1970s black-backed shad of 26-42 cm long had fluctuations in the average absolute fecundity from 88.4 to 258.5 thousand eggs. At the present stage, the size range of spawning shoals suggests that maturity in black-backed shad occurs at a body length of 22-45 cm, the reproductive capacity is regulated by early maturation. The results of studies on the fertility of black-backed herring of various lengths in 1 g of ovary have been obtained. There has been registered a wide range of fluctuations in the number of eggs (from 4033 to 14147 pcs). Differences in the size of ovaries indicate a qualitative definiteness of the physiological readiness of females in the pre-spawning period. The fluctuations in the average individual absolute fertility were revealed depending on body weight and age. Fertility in one-size groups and the reproductive capacity of the population as a whole change due to habitat conditions. The conditional indicator of the population fertility was calculated. The results of the obtained fertility data compared with the data of previous years indicate a 1.5-fold decrease in reproductive capacity of the population at the present time, which indicates a stressed state of the reproductive capacity of female species
FORCES PERFORMANCE OF TRAWL SYSTEM – II: PHYSICAL MODELING
Authors: Nedostup Alexander Alekseevich , Razhev Alexey Olegovich
Published: September 2021

The article is a continuation of scientific research and justification of the possibility of artificial intelligence technologies for the tasks of predictive modeling of the behavior of a trawl system in the process of fishing on a self-learning neural network. The definition of the productivity of forces is introduced - the second time derivative of the work of these forces. The intermediate result of the design of the trawl system is a project - an integrated set of characteristics described in a form suitable for its operation with a given performance of forces. To proceed to predictive modeling, it is necessary to determine the extent of similarity of the trawl system in different areas of its interaction. There is inter-discipline, which is manifested in the formulation of problems, in ap-proaches to their solution, in revealing the connections between theories, in the formation of new disciplines. Interdisciplinarity allows conducting research with the trawl system in its entirety, combining data from various disciplines (hydromechanics, electrodynamics, thermodynamics, acoustics, optics, etc.), leading to the emergence of new postulates and laws that synthesize the sci-entific knowledge necessary for a self-learning neural network of fishing for the trawl system. To combine the knowledge there was chosen the similarity theory as a mathematical modeling method based on the transition from ordinary physical quantities that affect the system being modeled to generalized complex-type quantities composed of original physical quantities, but in certain combinations, depending - from the specific nature of the process under study. The complex nature of these quantities has a deep physical meaning of reflecting the interaction of various influences. The similarity theory studies the methods of constructing and applying these variables and is used in cases of mathematical modeling when an analytical solution of mathematical modeling problems is impossible due to complexity and accuracy requirements. The similarity theory is used in these cases to synthesize relations obtained on the basis of the physical mechanism of the process under study and data of a numerical solution or experiment.
FEN TEMALI BİLGİ VEREN RESİMLİ ÇOCUK KİTAPLARININ FEN ÖĞRENMEDEKİ ÖNEMİ
Authors: GÜNŞEN Gülşah , UYANIK Gülden
Published: September 2021

Okul öncesi fen eğitiminde fen temalı bilgi veren resimli çocuk kitapları, bilimsel bilgilerin kazandırılmasında ve bilimsel süreç becerilerinin geliştirilmesinde oldukça önemlidir. Ulusal ve uluslararası alan yazında yapılmış olan araştırmalar okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin fene karşı ön yargılı ve düşük öz-yeterlik inancına sahip olduklarını, fen kavram bilgilerinin yeterli düzeyde olmadığını göstermektedir. Bu noktada okul öncesi dönem fen eğitiminde fen temalı bilgi veren resimli çocuk kitapları gerek çocukların gerekse de okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin ve ailelerin kullanabilecekleri en temel kaynaklardan biridir. Bu çalışmanın amacı bu türdeki kitapların öyküleştirilmiş ve doğrudan bilgi veren türlerini okul öncesi fen eğitimine yönelik yayınlanmış uluslararası fen içerik standartları doğrultusunda tanıtmak ve alan yazında bilim resimlemesi olarak adlandırılan resimleme özellikleri çerçevesinde örneklendirerek, eğitim sürecinde nasıl kullanılabileceğine yönelik önerilerde bulunmaktır. Alan yazın incelendiğinde ülkemizde bu konu hakkında yapılmış herhangi bir çalışmaya rastlanamadığı için yapılan bu çalışmanın okul öncesi öğretmenlerine, ailelere ve alanda çalışan uzmanlara ışık tutacağı düşünülmektedir.
PSİKOLOJİK ÖLÇMELERİN KISA TARİHİ VE 21. YÜZYILDA SINIF İÇİ DURUM BELİRLEME ANLAYIŞI
Authors: KUTLU Ömer , ALTINTAŞ Özge
Published: September 2021

Psikolojik özelliklerin ölçülmesinde 1800’lü yıllardan itibaren önemli değişmeler yaşanmıştır. Bir yandan zekâ, tutum, algı, kişilik, yetenek, başarı gibi psikolojik yapıların ölçülmesinde, diğer yandan ölçme kuramlarında önemli gelişmeler olmuştur. Psikometri alanındaki bu ilerlemeler okul öğrenmelerinin ölçülmesine katkı sağlamış, ancak doğrudan okul öğrenmelerinin kendisiyle ilişkili olamamıştır. 1900’lü yıllardan itibaren güvenirlik ve geçerlik üzerinde yapılan çalışmalar, sınıf içi başarının belirlenmesi süreçlerinde de etkili olmuştur. Öğretmen yapımı testlerin istenen güvenirlik ve geçerlik değerlerine sahip olabilmesi için çok sayıda maddeden oluşan testlerin kullanımı yaygınlaşmıştır. Bu durum öğretmenlerin, testlerinde konu boyutu açısından çoğunlukla öğrenme düzeyini gösteren kapsam temelli öğrenmelere; bilişsel boyutlar açısından ise çoğunlukla hatırlama, anlama ve uygulama düzeyindeki bilişsel süreçlere yönelmesine neden olmuştur. Bu değişimler olumlu yönde olsa da okulların yerine getirmesi gereken öğrenmelerin gerçek yaşam durumlarında kullanılması işlevinin gelişmesi önünde engel oluşturmuştur. Öğrenciler okullardan temel bilgileri öğrenen ancak bu bilgilerini doğal ve toplumsal yaşam durumlarında istenen düzeyde kullanamayan bireyler olarak mezun olmuşlardır. Eğitimde sözü edilen olumsuz koşulların değiştirilmesi isteği eğitim-öğretim süreçlerinde güncellemeleri kaçınılmaz kılmaktadır. Öğrencilerin başarısında etkili olduğu düşünülen ve 21. yüzyıl becerileri olarak adlandırılan bilişsel, içsel ve kişilerarası yeterliklerin de ölçme ve durum belirleme sürecine dahil olması bu açıdan önemli görülmektedir. Bu çalışma sınıf içi ölçmelerin dünü, bugünü ve geleceği ekseninde ele alınmış ve savunulan düşünce açıklayıcı bir ölçme ve durum belirleme örneğiyle desteklenmiştir.
COVİD-19 SALGINI SÜRECİNDEKİ ACİL UZAKTAN EĞİTİME İLİŞKİN EBEVEYNLERİN ALGILARI: BİR METAFOR ANALİZİ ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: KAYA Ayça , DİLEKÇİ Ümit
Published: September 2021

Bu araştırmada, ebeveynlerin Covid-19 salgını sürecindeki acil uzaktan eğitime ilişkin sahip oldukları zihinsel imgeleri metaforlar yoluyla belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada ebeveynlerin metaforik algıları arasındaki benzerlikler ve farklılıklar ortaya çıkarılmaya çalışılmıştır. Nitel araştırmalardan mecazlar yoluyla nitel veri toplama deseninde yürütülen araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, 2020-2021 eğitim ve öğretim yılında Bolu ili merkez ilçede 5, 6, 7 ve 8. sınıflarda öğrenim gören öğrencilerin ebeveynleri (n=120) oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma grubu, amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden maksimum çeşitlilik örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri “Uzaktan eğitim ....................gibidir. Çünkü....................” ifadesinin yazılı olduğu yarı yapılandırılmış metafor formu ile toplanmıştır. Analizde, içerik ve betimsel analiz yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonunda, uzaktan eğitim kavramının ebeveynler tarafından 79 farklı metaforla ifade edildiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu metaforların olumlu ve olumsuz olmak üzere iki kategori altında toplandığı ve olumlu kategorisinde 3 tema (Yararlılık, Verimlilik ve Esneklik); olumsuz kategorisinde ise 5 tema (Eğitim Şeklinden Kaynaklı, Etkileşimden Kaynaklı, Teknik Nedenlerden Kaynaklı, Öğrenciden Kaynaklı ve Aileden Kaynaklı) ortaya çıktığı görülmüştür. Ebeveynler, acil uzaktan eğitimi olumlu kategorisinde en çok Yararlılık, olumsuz kategorisinde ise en çok Eğitim Şeklinden Kaynaklı olarak algılamışlardır. Bununla birlikte ebeveynlerin Covid-19 salgını döneminde zihinlerinde oluşan uzaktan eğitim algılarının genel olarak olumsuz yönde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu bulgulara dayalı olarak acil uzaktan eğitim kavramının yeniden gözden geçirilmesi ve değerlendirilmesine yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur.
GÖÇ DESTANI’NIN KAHRAMANIN SONSUZ YOLCULUĞU BAĞLAMINDA KİŞİLER DÜNYASI AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: SEVİM Oğuzhan , YÜCEL ÇETİN Derya
Published: September 2021

Bu çalışmada Uygur Dönemi destanlarından Göç Destanı, kahramanın yolculuğu bağlamında kişiler dünyası açısından incelenmiştir. Göç Destanı Türeyiş Destanı’nın bir uzantısı gibidir. Çin ve İran kaynaklarından edinilen bilgilere göre iki farklı söyleyişi vardır. Çin kaynaklarına göre destanın başında, Buğu Kağan’ın doğumu ve tahta gelişi anlatılır. Destanın olay örgüsünün anlatıldığı bölümün başkahramanı Galı Tekin’dir. Galı Tekin’in bir Çin prensesi ile evlenmesi ve Çinlilerin hain planlarını uygulamaya koymaları, Uygurların yerini yurdunu bırakıp göçmesine zemin hazırlar. Çalışmada Galı Tekin’in Çin prensesi ile evlenmesi ile başlayan ve ölümü ile son bulan yolculuğu, Christopher Vogler’in (2019) Yazarın Yolculuğu adlı eserinde kullandığı yolculuğun aşamalarından hareketle incelenmiş ve kişiler dünyası yorumlanmıştır. Destan metni belirlenen başlıklar düzleminde analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yaklaşımı benimsenmiştir. Çalışmanın birinci bölümü olan yolculuğun aşamalarında belge inceleme, ikinci bölümünde ele alınan kişiler dünyasında ise olgu bilim yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonunda Vogler’in belirlediği aşamalarla Göç Destanı’nın anlatı seyrinin uygunluğu görülmüştür. Vogler’in teorisinin Türk halk anlatılarına uygunluğunu ve geçerliğini iddia etmek için bu alanda çok daha fazla metin üzerinde çalışmaya ihtiyaç vardır.
EBEVEYNLERİNİN BAKIŞ AÇISINDAN ÜSTÜN YETENEKLİ ÇOCUKLAR
Authors: DEMİRKAYA Hilmi , ÜNAL Orhan , BOZAN İbrahim
Published: September 2021

Bu çalışmada çocukları Bilim ve Sanat Merkezinde (BİLSEM) eğitim alan anne-babaların üstün yetenekli çocuklara yönelik bakış açılarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını çocukları BİLSEM’de eğitim alan 25 ebeveyn oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma desenlerinden olan durum çalışması deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu aracılığıyla toplanmış ve verilerin analizinde içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın bulgularına dayalı olarak ulaşılan bazı sonuçlar şunlardır: Üstün yetenekli öğrenci ebeveynleri üstün yetenekli öğrencileri beceri-yetenek boyutu ve kişilik özellikleri boyutu olmak üzere iki temada tanımlamışlardır. Ebeveynlerin, çocuklarının geleceklerine yönelik beklentileri incelendiğinde; eğitim ve meslek hayatına yönelik beklentiler, yaşam biçimi, kişilik ve karakter gelişimine yönelik beklentiler ve ülkesine ve insanlara karşı faydalı olmasına yönelik beklentiler olmak üzere üç tema ortaya çıkmıştır. Ebeveynlerin çoğunluğu çocuklarına sağlanan olanakların yetersiz olduğunu düşünürken, olanakların yeterli olduğunu düşünen ve bu konuda kararsız kalan ebeveynler de mevcuttur. Son olarak katılımcıların görüşlerine göre toplumun üstün yetenekli çocuklardan beklentileri beş kategoride ele alınmıştır: (1) ülkeye, topluma ve insanlığa faydalı olma, (2) üstün yeteneklilerden beklenti düzeyinin yüksek olması, (3) eğitim ve meslek hayatlarında çok başarılı olmaları, (4) toplumun üstün yetenekliler konusunda yeterli bilgi ve bilince sahip olmaması ve (5) üstün yeteneklilerden her şeyleri ile örnek bireyler olmalarına yönelik beklentiler.
Decolonizing, conviviality and convivial conservation: towards a convivial SDG 15, life on land?
Authors: Krauss Judith E.
Published: September 2021

In their article 'Towards convivial conservation' (2019), Büscher and Fletcher propose a vision for conservation which partly builds on Ivan Illich's 1973 book Tools for conviviality. Given a growing chorus of voices calling for decolonizing conservation to address the ramifications of racialized mindsets and biases,this article asks: what role could conviviality play in envisioning alternative, decolonizing conservation ideas, particularly for Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 15? The article first reflects on the case for decolonizing conservation. It then conducts an in-depth analysis of Illich's radical ideas as well as subsequent understandings of conviviality, before juxtaposing Illich's ideas with Büscher and Fletcher's suggestions through a decolonizing lens. Finally,the article reviews SDG 15, 'Life on Land', against the backdrop of the prior decolonizing and convivial perspectives. The article argues that Illich's conviviality and related ideas have much to offer in envisioning alternative, decolonizing conservation ideas by promoting grassroots, democratic decision-making, living within bounds by the rich, emphasizing interdependencies between and within people and the environment, yet need to avoid imposition and incorporate intergenerational and marginalized viewpoints adequately.
Developing Real Avatars for the Apparel Industry and Analysing Fabric Draping in the Virtual Domain
Authors: Balach Monika , Cichocka Agnieszka , Frydrych Iwona , Kinsella Marc
Published: September 2021

The youth of today are much more technologically adept than previous generations. This has led to many technological innovations, and the development of these innovations has in turn altered our perception of the world. The film, gaming, and clothing industries have been forced to embrace new technology to satisfy the demand of people for a more realistic virtual experience. These industries all rely on the use of 3D avatars to create virtual depictions of the human body. In the gaming and film industry, the accuracy of the avatar is not so critical. The avatars used in computer games and CGI sections of films have soft contours, which look visually appealing, but are not necessarily accurate to the human form. By contrast, the apparel industry needs to focus on creating very accurate avatars, which represent each person's body shape for virtual fitting to achieve realistic, well-fitted garments. This article describes the methods used to build an avatar and compares the draping between the following scenarios: the real avatar with a real garment, the real avatar with a virtual garment, and finally the virtual avatar with a virtual garment. This research will help to understand how the body shape can affect the virtual fit.
A Fabric-Based Integrated Sensor Glove System Recognizing Hand Gesture
Authors: Han Xiaoxue , Miao Xuhong , Liu Qing , Li Yutian , Wan Ailan
Published: September 2021

The research on wearable glove sensor system has been increasing over recent years because of the need for portability and comfort. This study presents a fabric-based integrated sensor glove system with five sensing zones. Five sensors are knitted by silver-plated nylon yarn and embedded into glove directly using intarsia technology. Various parameters including sensor elasticity, sizes of embedded sensor as well as glove are discussed, respectively. Further, selected or chosen integrated sensor glove is manufactured and tested for recognizing gestures. Results show that elasticity affects effective sensing range of knitted sensors, size has significant influence on sensors’ sensitivity, and appropriate glove size helps avoiding nonlinear sensing phenomenon. Finally, the glove system, by extracting feature data, can distinguish Chinese number gestures very well and has also the potential to recognize more hand gestures in the future.
Blend Electrospinning of Poly(Ɛ-Caprolactone) and Poly(Ethylene Glycol-400) Nanofibers Loaded with Ibuprofen as a Potential Drug Delivery System for Wound Dressings
Authors: Riaz Tabinda , Khenoussi Nabyl , Rata Delia Mihaela , Atanase Leonard Ionut , Adolphe Dominique C. , Delaite Christelle
Published: September 2021

Electrospinning (ES) is a versatile and diverse technique to fabricate nano and micro fibers that could be utilized as drug delivery systems. The aim of this research was the fabrication and characterization of drug loaded nanofibrous scaffold produced by single-needle ES using poly(Ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) and poly(ethylene glycol-400) (PEG) and to investigate the potential of this material as a drug delivery system. A model drug, Ibuprofen (IBU), was used. Ibuprofen is a medicine that is a non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Two concentrations of IBU, 5 wt% and 7 wt%, were incorporated for the ES of PCL and PCL/PEG nanofibers. Characterization of nanofibers was done by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Water Contact Angle Measurements. The impact of IBU on nanofibers’ properties such as morphology, diameters, hydrophilicity, and tensile strength was investigated. Finally, the drug release kinetics of IBU from nanofibers was analyzed and their percentage release efficiency of IBU (RE%) was determined by UV-vis spectroscopy during 24 h.