bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
WWII on the Periphery of Europe: A Contested Chapter
Authors: Melchior Inge
Published: January 2021

Chapter 6 introduces Europe as a significant Other to the stage, and with that the memory of WWII. In times of East-West memory clashes in Europe, the emotional Estonian story easily stirs up feelings of insecurity, facing the perceived hegemonic and incontestable European WWII narrative. The lack of a Holocaust memory and the memory of Estonian men in SS uniforms as freedom fighters evokes the fear of being misunderstood and subordinate within Europe. They feel torn between the moral obligations towards their (grand)parents and their wish to be seen as ‘full Europeans’. Within the European family the lack of closure and of a settled Estonian history makes the struggle with ‘European memories’ feel very unequal, painful, and vulnerable.
Introduction: Persisting Pasts in the Margins of Europe
Authors: Melchior Inge
Published: January 2021

The introduction introduces the question of how people that live in a society with an extremely complicated, violent past and only a short history of independence engage with the past, both within their families and as members of a national community. According to the literature, they will long for stability, a strong collective story and closure. The chapter then describes the ‘War of Monuments’; the context of insecurity in which the ethnographic fieldwork took place. Subsequently, it positions the book within the literature on the anthropology of post-communist remembering. Finally the Introduction describes which methods have been used to gather the data and it introduces the social groups the book focuses on.
Spectacularity of Nationalism
Authors: Irawanto Budi
Published: January 2021

This article explores the intricate interlinks between war, propaganda,
military and cinema in the context of the Indonesian New Order militaristic
regime (1966-1998) characterized by the military intervention in
civilian affairs. The New Order war films not only carved out a heroic
image of the Indonesian military, it also created a spectacle for a strong
nationalistic sentiment regarding the military in comparison to civilians
and politicians. Through the narrative modality and visual depiction of
armed struggles for independence, many war films embodied an abstract
idea of nationalism. While the depiction of armed struggles for independence
in such a dramatic way is accorded to the spectacular nature of
film, it also substantially renders the civilian struggles for independence
through political negotiations (perundingan) insignificant.
Ratana Pestonji and Santi Vina
Authors: Ainslie Mary J.
Published: January 2021

In recent years there has been a surge of interest in and recognition of post-World War II Thai filmmaker Ratana Pestonji (1908-1970), who often takes pride of place in narratives of Thai film history as a rare early Thai auteur untouched by the trappings of commercial filmmaking and bravely fighting against the monopolizing Hollywood system. This chapter seeks to clarify Pestonji’s activities during the crucial and politically complex 1950s post-war period. Drawing largely upon historical sources and accounts from America, the chapter highlights Pestonji’s close relationship with Hollywood filmmakers based in Thailand, suggesting that Pestonji’s history and relationship with Hollywood studios in the early 1950s could potentially undermine posthumous nationalist constructions of this filmmaker.
Nora Aunor vs Ferdinand Marcos
Authors: Sebastiampillai Chrishandra
Published: January 2021

This chapter examines how Philippine actress Nora Aunor’s potentially
subversive star image was tempered into a safer expression of permissible
freedom that also promoted forms of desirable behaviour and values
in the 1970s. Such an image functioned to inhibit social and political
dissent, indicating how popular films responded to President Ferdinand
Marcos’s regulation of Philippine cinema during the martial law era.
The chapter discusses the role of the studio in ensuring compliance by
instituting complementary policies that shaped popular star images and
film production. Hierarchies of power and submission were reinforced
through Aunor’s persona in films that appealed to the lower classes,
encouraging noble suffering and acceptance of one’s fate.
Mapping Regional Ambivalence and Anxieties in They Call Her… Cleopatra Wong
Authors: Siddique Sophia
Published: January 2021

They Call Her… Cleopatra Wong (Bobby A. Suarez, 1978) has been contextualized within film scholarship as a transnational text, a cult product, a canonical text of exploitation cinema and a key work within the Asian spy genre. This chapter argues that the film contributes to the ways in which popular culture negotiated political and economic tensions surrounding the development and presence of ASEAN since it was founded in 1967. One such tension revolved around striking a delicate balance between regional cooperation and the recognition of national sovereignty. Using Kristin Thompson’s framework of cinematic excess, I argue that the film imagines and images this tension by positioning Wong as the force which reifies the primacy of ASEAN, while the film’s representation of landscapes foregrounds and privileges national specificity.
Introduction
Authors: Vaughan Theresa A.
Published: January 2021

The introduction provides an overview of the research problems and how
they will be approached, focusing particularly on how understanding
women, food, medicine, and diet in the Middle Ages by using anthropological
and folkloristic approaches can add to the understanding of these
issues for non-elite populations. Research questions include: What do
we know about women as food producers, feeders, and nurturers? What
can be said about women as practitioners of folk or traditional medicine?
How does this contrast with the written record of theoretical medicine?
Finally, what were the cultural aspects surrounding women, food, and
health, and how did it determine proper eating, fasting, and body shape?
Theorizing Film Through Contemporary Art
Authors: Murphy Jill , Rascaroli Laura , Åkervall Lisa , Baschiera Stefano , Butler Alison , Connolly Maeve , Cooper Sarah , Nardelli Matilde , North Kirstie , Pantenburg Volker , Pethő Ágnes , Rodowick D.N. , Uroskie Andrew , Recoder Luís , Gibson Sandra
Published: January 2021

As the cinematic experience becomes subsumed into today's ubiquitous technologies of seeing, contemporary artworks lift the cinematic out of the immateriality of the film screen and separate it into its physical components within the gallery space. How to read these reformulations of the cinematic medium - and their critique of what it is and has been? In Theorizing Cinema Through Contemporary Art: Expanding Cinema, leading film theorists consider artworks that incorporate, restage, and re-present cinema's configuration of the key categories of space, experience, presence/absence, production and consumption, technology, myth, perception, event, and temporality, so interrogating the creation, appraisal, and evolution of film theory as channeled through contemporary art. This book takes film theory as a blueprint for the moving image, and juxtaposes it with artworks that render cinema as a material object. In the process, it unfolds a complex relationship between a theory and a practice that have commonly been seen as virtually incompatible, renewing our understanding of each and, more to the point, their interactions.
The Magic of Shadows
Authors: Murphy Jill
Published: January 2021

This chapter examines how William Kentridge develops his investigation of Plato’s allegory in More Sweetly Play the Dance (2015), unravelling it and testing the limits of his commitment to it. It is proposed that Kentridge’s use of pre-cinematic techniques to conceal the image and keep it at a distance reflects Jean-Luc Nancy’s understanding of the image as distanced and separate. Nancean thinking can work in conjunction with the artist’s imagery and conceptual logic because it considers the personal and corporeal in conjunction with community and commonality, in other words, how we coexist in the world. The Nancean singular plural is visualised in Kentridge’s winding procession in which singular and plural coexist in a spaced intimacy.
Low-Resolution Media Façades in a Data Society
Authors: Colangelo Dave
Published: January 2021

The highly visible and data-reactive low-resolution displays of buildings like Toronto’s CN Tower or New York’s Empire State Building shape the texture, tempo, and legibility of the urban experience, an experience that is produced (and consumed) in a unique combination of on and offline activity. I argue that these expressive surfaces increase the ambivalence and contingency of the ways we read (and write) the city, enabling the formation of temporary publics through public data visualisations that combine elements of democratised urbanism, critical debate, emotion, control, and commerce. Through historical research, social media analysis, and research-creation, this chapter focuses on the specific case of the Empire State Building and reports on the relationships between information, public space, and architecture that are sustained and supported by low-resolution, expressive architectural façades. The chapter ends with a discussion of the potential for artistic and activist uses of low-resolution digital architectural displays.
Introduction
Authors: Hjorth Larissa , Ohashi Kana , Sinanan Jolynna , Pink Sarah , Horst Heather , Kato Fumitoshi , Zhou Baohua
Published: January 2021

In this introductory chapter we begin with one of our participants, Rika, as she uses her smartphone practices to help create a sense of care at a distance with her aging mother—what we call Digital Kinship. We then turn to contextualizing the methods deployed over the three years in three locations and how each of the three cultural contexts informs different rituals around data use. We discuss how Digital Kinship can make sense of the paradoxical role of surveillance in an age of datafication through “friendly surveillance” and “care at a distance.”
Playful Haptics in Families
Authors: Hjorth Larissa , Ohashi Kana , Sinanan Jolynna , Pink Sarah , Horst Heather , Kato Fumitoshi , Zhou Baohua
Published: January 2021

In Chapter 5 we begin to focus upon the ways in which families “play”
with co-presence through different engagements with digital media. We
discuss in detail our methods around understanding co-present practices,
especially through “tactile digital ethnography.” This chapter examines
how studying the hand gestures in, and around, the screen might help us
contextualize a more embodied practice of mobile media in the everyday.
Visual Generational Genres
Authors: Hjorth Larissa , Ohashi Kana , Sinanan Jolynna , Pink Sarah , Horst Heather , Kato Fumitoshi , Zhou Baohua
Published: January 2021

Chapter 7 considers the role of generational literacies and etiquettes around visual genres. For example in our study, younger participants tended to take and share more pictures, while older participants tended to take less but comment more on their children’s images. Here, generational understandings of co-present gift giving rituals can be found.
The Qur’anic Ethics of “Nature”: Gender, Sexuality, and Diversity
Authors: Zahed Ludovic-Mohamed
Published: January 2021

In this chapter, the author engages with the entire set of Qur’anic verses that relate to gender and sexuality, and that do not claim heterosexuality to be the only viable and acceptable sexuality with regards to Islamic ethics.
Distressing Qur’anic Verses?
Authors: Zahed Ludovic-Mohamed
Published: January 2021

In light of the historiographic context and the axiological principles the author has now described, there are five important points to highlight about the representation of “sodomy” in the Qur’an.
The Prophet: A Living Incarnation of Qur’anic Ethics
Authors: Zahed Ludovic-Mohamed
Published: January 2021

This chapter presents a detailed and systematic analysis of the metaphorical verses in the Qur’an to determine the Prophet of Islam’s attitude towards – what we would call today – sexual minorities.
Islamic Apocrypha Advocating the Stoning of “Sodomites”
Authors: Zahed Ludovic-Mohamed
Published: January 2021

This chapter investigates how some Qur’anic traditions take a stance in relation to the death sentence for “sodomites” that was allegedly recommended – without ever being applied – by the Prophet. It is shown how all the different versions of these traditions can be traced back to a single, unreliable source.
Pan-Arabist Literary and Identity Censorship
Authors: Zahed Ludovic-Mohamed
Published: January 2021

This chapter addresses the consequences of the fascization of postmodern Arab-Muslim identities, which is visible through the nature of intellectual productions, and still influences the very core of European Muslims’ mainstream ideologies.
Orientalist Shi’ism and Literary Homoeroticism
Authors: Zahed Ludovic-Mohamed
Published: January 2021

Orientalism consists in considering that the love of male youths – whether active or passive – was exclusive, thus homosexual and conforming to a performative, modern taxonomy imposed from the “West.” “Homosexual” is indeed a term that did not exist during the first years of European colonization and was invented by European doctors.
Homonationalism and Performative Sexual Categorization
Authors: Zahed Ludovic-Mohamed
Published: January 2021

The academic debate about categorization, between scholars, religious leaders, politicians and activists, often turns into an ideological one. It becomes a form of homonationalism: hijacking LGBT+ human rights struggles towards partisan ends. This is already the case in Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa. This issue is often misunderstood or mischaracterized, from an Orientalist perspective, even by those who claim to be countering cultural prejudice. What do queer French Muslims have to say about this form of double radicalization?
A “Crisis” of Categories, Geopolitics or Civilization
Authors: Zahed Ludovic-Mohamed
Published: January 2021

This chapter presents findings that reinforce the idea that identity categories linked to genders and sexualities we now call non-normative (within a patriarchal and natalist system) have existed since at least the Middle Ages within Arab-Muslim societies, before then appearing in Europe and the West through literary hybridizations and cross-fertilizations.
Transoceanic Animals as Spectacle in Early Modern Spain
Authors: Beusterien John
Published: January 2021

Animal spectacles are vital to a holistic appreciation of Spanish culture. In Transoceanic Animals as Spectacle in Early Modern Spain, Beusterien christens five previously unnamed animals, each of which was a protagonist in a spectacle: Abada, the rhinoceros; Hawa’i, the elephant; Fuleco, the armadillo; Jarama, the bull; and Maghreb, the lion. In presenting and analyzing their stories, Beusterien enriches our understanding of the role of animals in the development of commercial theater in Spain and in the modern bullfight. He also contributes to growing scholarly conversations on the importance of Spain in the history of science by examining how animal spectacles had profound repercussions on the emergence of the modern zoo and natural history museum. Combining scholarly content analysis and pedagogical sagacity, the book has a broad appeal for scholars of the early modern Spanish Empire, animal studies scholars, and secondary and postsecondary instructors looking for engaging exercises and information for their Spanish language, culture, and history students.
Domingo de Salazar’s Letter to the King of Spain in Defense of the Indians and the Chinese of the Philippine Islands (1582)
Authors: Lee Christina H.
Published: January 2021

Domingo de Salazar (c.1512–1594) was the first bishop of the Philippines,
a member of the Dominican order, and a follower of noted critics of the
Spanish imperial enterprise like the jurist Francisco de Vitoria and the
historian/activist Bartolomé de las Casas. In this letter to King Philip
II, Salazar denounces the abuses of the indigenous population and the
mistreatment of Chinese migrants by the Spanish colonists, and calls upon
the crown to intervene in the colony’s affairs. In so doing, he provides
invaluable insight into the work of colonization, and the complex relationship
that the Spanish Philippines developed with China and with the
burgeoning Chinese population of the islands themselves. Christina Lee
provides biographical and historical context.
The New World Map and the Old
Authors: van Netten Djoeke
Published: January 2021

In 1648, Joan Blaeu, cartographer in Amsterdam, issued an enormous wall map of the whole world, entitled Nova Totius Terrarum Orbis Tabula. This article explores Blaeu’s world map to discover the worldview it conveys. A close reading of the map, and especially of the hitherto neglected explanatory text below the map, reveals a telling story with a multi-layered message. The communicated narrative can be summarized as pro-Dutch (or actually pro-Holland), Euro-superior, maledominated, in favour of Copernicanism, and optimistic about the progress of knowledge since classical times.
“A New and Apostolic Band of Virgins Arose”
Authors: Callan Maeve Brigid
Published: January 2021

Darerca’s Lives demonstrate the diversity of early medieval religious
Irishwomen’s experiences. The religious life was open to women of various
social classes and to wives and mothers as well as virgins and widows.
Women could be both students and teachers, studying with women and
men, travelling throughout Ireland to pursue the religious life as they
deemed fit, or living as solitaries in the wild. Her Lives make manifest
the harmony of women’s communities and the bonds between women’s
monasteries and between women and men, as well as some discord. The
threat her community presented to multiple males testifies to the power
and wealth women’s communities could attain, yet her actions show how
little she cared for worldly gain. Darerca prioritized women’s access to
the religious life, regardless of background. Killevy’s continued existence
from the fifth century through Viking attacks and other catastrophes
up until the sixteenth-century Protestant Dissolution demonstrates
her success.
“The Safest City of Refuge”
Authors: Callan Maeve Brigid
Published: January 2021

Brigid, Ireland’s only female patron saint, reveals relationships between
Ireland’s indigenous traditions and its adopted Christianity as well as the
power and authority available to at least some women up until the twelfth
century, a time of seismic change for the island. Multiple medieval sources
insist she was ordained as a bishop, a status that her successors as abbess
of Kildare shared until Ireland’s ecclesiastical hierarchy was drastically
revised in 1152. Several sources also show her performing a miraculous
abortion for a grateful nun, a miracle several other Irish saints, all male,
are recorded as performing as well, challenging conventional assumptions
about Catholic sexual morality. Her status as most beloved of all Irish
saints in the Middle Ages is attested throughout western Europe; despite
this great devotion, or perhaps because of it, Brigid’s historicity remains
elusive. Her cult is steeped in conflicting claims of competing political
factions, and each locality of her devotion stamped her image with its own
mark. In addition, her cult has been influenced by the cult of the Goddess
Brigid. Some have rejected the saint’s historical existence entirely, seeing
her purely as an euhemerized deity, a Goddess made mortal but without
incarnation—a textual, archaeological, and ideological translation from
one faith (Paganism) to another (Christianity). Though such a position is
not entirely unwarranted, it seems more likely that the cult grew around
an actual fifth- and/or sixth-century woman who dedicated her life to God,
exemplified exceptional charity and devotion, and established religious
communities and churches. Or she may not have been only one woman,
but a composite character who incorporated the attributes and accomplishments
of several early Christian women, as well as those of indigenous
Goddesses and Mary, the Jewish mother of Christ. Whether she was more
Goddess than woman, one woman or several, Brigid was a preeminent
Christian saint, representing to the Irish important truths about what it
meant to be Christian as well as representing virtues of the Irish themselves.
Postcolonial Hangups in Southeast Asian Cinema
Authors: Sim Gerald
Published: January 2021

Postcolonial Hangups in Southeast Asian Cinema: Poetics of Space, Sound, and Stability rethinks theory and style through films that bring the limits of traditional postcolonial frameworks into stark relief. Discover Singapore’s preoccupations with space, Yasmin Ahmad’s Malaysian soundscapes, and Indonesia’s investment in genre. These undertheorized films from geopolitically situated cultures narrate colonial identity within a distinctively Southeast Asian story. Gerald Sim’s immersive journey nurtures connections between narrative film, commercial video, art cinema, and experimental work with an abiding commitment to self-reflexive theorizing. The book culminates in a reflection on the ethics and politics of conducting knowledge work on world cinema. Sim navigates Singapore’s love of maps with the work of Tom Conley and Gilles Deleuze, surveys the city-state’s cartographic uncanny, before using the spatial inquisitions in filmmaker Tan Pin Pin’s “cinema of hiraeth” to appreciate Singapore’s territorial predispositions. The book then revisits a beloved Malaysian director's voice of modernity alongside Jean-Luc Nancy’s phenomenologies of listening and globalization. Original readings of Ahmad’s oeuvre dwell on the interplay between her ethnic cacophonies and imperfect subtitling. Finally, Sim focuses on the postcoloniality of Indonesia’s Cold War alliance with the United States to contemplate the overhang of authoritarian stability within its contemporary cinema’s generic recourse.
Speech against Power, or Poetry, Love, and Revolution: “A”-9
Authors: Turquety Benoît
Published: January 2021

This chapter analyses Louis Zukofsky’s poem “A”-9 from his major work “A”, a
poem published in two parts over eight years. Like the film Moses and Aaron,
Zukofsky’s work consists of verbatim quotations of pre-existing texts—Karl
Marx’s Capital and Value, Price and Profit, H. Stanley Allen’s Electrons
and Waves: An Introduction to Atomic Physics, and Spinoza’s Ethics and
botanical writings—which are applied to a complex and pre-existing poetic
structure, Guido Cavalcanti’s “Donna mi priega”. The chapter examines the
publication history of the poem as well as the implications and difficulties
of such a structure on the poem’s reception, the continuities Zukofsky is
suggesting by connecting Marx, Allen, and Spinoza, and the poem’s politics.
Furthermore, it deepens the comparison between Straub and Huillet’s work
in Moses and Aaron and in general and that of the Objectivists.
Cinema, Poetry, History: Immobilizations
Authors: Turquety Benoît
Published: January 2021

This chapter focuses on several of Straub-Huillet’s films including History
Lessons, Too Early/Too Late, Cézanne, Every Revolution is a Throw of the
Dice, and The Bridegroom, the Actress, and the Pimp, looking at them
through the lens of poetic devices such as the ideogram, gaps, interruptions,
and stops, and how these may relate to cinematic devices used by
Straub-Huillet including long-duration shots, tracking shots, and abrupt
cutting. The role these devices play in the poetry of Oppen and Reznikoff
are also analysed, as well as the Bertolt Brecht’s, Straub-Huillet’s, and the
Objectivists’ penchant for quotation, generally without citations in the
case of the latter two. Louis Zukofsky’s essay on Charles Chaplin’s Modern
Times proves a key text in developing an Objectivist view of cinema that
is ultimately quite Straubian.
Playing the Printed Piazza: Giovanni de’ Bardi’s Discorso sopra il giuoco del calcio fiorentino and Somaesthetic Discipline in Grand-Ducal Florence
Authors: Terry-Fritsch Allie
Published: January 2021

Chapter Five closely examines the first illustrated treatise of the Florentine ball game known as calcio, published and dedicated to Grand Duke Francesco I by Giovanni de’Bardi in 1580, to reconstruct the somaesthetic experience of reading and playing a virtual game. Analyzing the imagery and text of the treatise in relation to military tactics, ceremonial culture, and the wider visual culture of leisure in the Renaissance, the chapter argues that the treatise offered a performative space for readers to act out the game and demonstrate a form of command that was otherwise reserved for the Grand Duke and his inner circle. The chapter explores how the treatise somaesthetically constructs the reader as a subject in relation to the Medici family and encourages a mode of comportment that reflected the ideals of Florentine governance.
‘Grieved in My Soul that I Suffered You to Depart from Me’
Authors: Cutter Nat
Published: January 2021

Using a large, little-known collection of letters from the English consulate
in Tunis, this paper examines the environmental pressures that shaped
English communal life in the early modern Maghreb. Living together in
single ‘English houses’ in the midst of Muslim-dominated cities, merchants,
consuls and servants created surrogate families within their households.
These ‘families’ provided companionship, guidance and financial success.
Far from home, traders established dynamic local and international business
networks, formed deep personal and business relationships with their
housemates, and protected themselves and the more vulnerable members
of their communities from perceived moral, religious and physical harm.
Representations of Border Deaths and the Making and Unmaking of Borders
Authors: Sinatti Giulia , Vos Renske
Published: January 2021

In this chapter, we focus on representations of border deaths as expressions
of ‘borderwork’ by state and non-state actors. Through (non-)
representations, illustrations of border deaths produce specific meanings
that extend the physical space in which bordering processes occur to a
de-territorialized space. This chapter asks how different actors see and
present border deaths. Who represents whom or what? Why, how and for
which audience? Why are some deaths presented as border deaths, whilst
others are not? The chapter highlights how every representation is partial
and positioned. By unveiling the different underlying agendas of different
actors, we conclude that the study of border death representations may
contribute to a deeper understanding of how ‘borderwork’ contributes to
producing, reproducing and transforming the border.
Engaging Bodies as Matters of Care
Authors: M’charek Amade , Black Julia
Published: January 2021

This chapter attends to the often-neglected bodies of migrants who do
not make it to their destination alive. It addresses initiatives where the
bodies are attended to at the population level, i.e. practices of counting,
as well as at the individual level, i.e. the burial, registration and potential
forensic identification of individual deceased bodies. We introduce the
notion ‘matters of care’ to analyse modes of knowing. We argue that caring
for these bodies with dignity and respect – through counting, listing and
mapping the dead as well as through attempts at identifying the individual
bodies – produces proximity with the dead and accountability for deadly
border management regimes.
Humanism and Honour in the Making of Alessandro Farnese
Authors: Cussen Bryan
Published: January 2021

Born into a noble family on the rise in Roman society, Alessandro Farnese’s development was framed by cultural expectations in humanism and in the code of honour. Humanism provided the script and the classical skills for elite males to perform on the social stage of Rome, a ‘theatre society’. Honour, the foundation of social worth, was the prize that performance continually sought. The pervasive yet contested nature of honour is illustrated in texts that unfold an episode between the young Cardinal Farnese, Pope Alexander VI and his mistress, Giulia Farnese, the cardinal’s sister. The episode shows how Alessandro Farnese understood honour and how it became a touchstone throughout his years as cardinal and pope.
Pax et Concordia – Politics and Reform
Authors: Cussen Bryan
Published: January 2021

The challenges to peace and concord throughout Christendom weighed
heavily on Paul III throughout his reign and limited his focus on reform.
The texts of curial sermons, once again, reveal how the pursuit of Pax
et Concordia was viewed culturally as integral to the papal role and its
honour. The conflict of 1535-1538 between the Holy Roman Emperor and
the French King and a text of Pope Paul reflecting on those events illustrate
how sorely tested Paul felt. A 1536 speech of the Emperor, Charles V, also
indicates the depth of enmity between him and Francis I. This enmity
was an ongoing obstacle to a Council and to reform.
Rain on your radar : Engaging with weather data visualizations as part of everyday routines
Authors: Masson Eef , van Es Karin
Published: January 2021

This chapter discusses visualizations of weather data, used to communicate short-term precipitation predictions to lay audiences. Focusing on the example of Buienradar, a popular Dutch weather forecast website and app, it investigates how people engage with such representations on a daily basis, how they interpret them, and how their readings of them affect their actions and decisions, shaping their day-to-day routines. The research is based on semi-structured interviews with users with different demographic profiles. Aside from establishing usage patterns or preferences and readerly strategies, the chapter also considers people’s own evaluations of their conduct in relation to the Buienradar service, and more broadly, their reflections on the significance of weather data visualizations to their lives.
Visualizing data: A lived experience
Authors: Simpson Jill
Published: January 2021

Researching data visualization as a lived experience provides a perspective from which to explore its social life. Borrowing elements from feminist autobiographical research and critical making, this chapter uses the personal story of the design and circulation of a hand-drawn, small-data visualization depicting the author’s experience of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. By critically reflecting on the visualization’s design and circulation, this chapter engages with wider academic debates about data visualizations’ subjectivities. Furthermore, by interrogating notions of authenticity and honesty associated with hand drawing, it introduces the idea of a politics of hand-drawn visual representations of data.
Multimodal academic argument in data visualization
Authors: Archer Arlene , Noakes Travis
Published: January 2021

This chapter investigates the semiotic and rhetorical strategies for realizing argument in data visualizations produced by second-year journalism students. The semiotic strategies include use of colour, typography, graphics, and the rhetorical strategies include establishing credibility and the use of citation. The effect of the underlying basis for comparison of data on the argument is examined, as are the selection and processing of data. The chapter investigates the semiotic encoding of ideational material and the ways relationships are established within the discourse communities constructed in the data visualizations. This way of looking at academic argument has important implications for teaching these text-types in higher education in order to produce critical citizens; both in terms of production and critical analysis.
Money and Moralities
Authors: Alipio Cheryll , Hoang Lan Anh
Published: January 2021

The editorial introduction begins with a contextualization of how neoliberal policies, along with global capitalism, vary and are experienced differently in the settings described in the volume. In presenting nine chapters of case studies from across South and Southeast Asia, the introduction develops a framework for the conceptualization of contemporary Asia as an interconnected and transnational region in which money and morality have an ever-expanding role in people’s everyday lives. Following a critical review of the international scholarship on money and moralities, the introduction discusses how the chapters speak to each of the volume’s three sub-themes: ‘Money and Moral Selfhood in the Market Economy’, ‘Social Currencies and the Morality of Gender’, and ‘The Social Life of Money in Asian Moral Economies’.
Belief and the Common World of Experience
Authors: Szymanski Adam
Published: January 2021

Chapter Three analyzes Kelly Reichardt’s Night Moves and the “American Neo-Neorealsim” film movement. The relational symptom of melancholy which it proposes is the erosion of belief in a common world of experience. By closely investigating the plastic composition of Reichardt’s images and how they engender a play of asymmetrical beliefs, this chapter questions the degree of fidelity to which the cinematic image can depict an experience so singular and incommensurate as melancholy, and proposes that the firee indirect style maintains an ontological link between the film image and profilmic experience since it can psychosocially perceive the play of beliefs that give rise to melancholic isolation, even if that isolation can never be known in and of itself.
Angry spirits in the special economic zone
Authors: Rose Michael
Published: January 2021

Soon I after I arrived back in Oecussi the people of its coastal fringe
were told to prepare for the mass expropriation of their land by the
state. Jake’s family was one of these households. Through the story of
how Jake’s grandmother, Marta, came down from the mountains as a
girl and made a life by the sea, I show how resettled mountain folk have
continued to engage with the land largely through spiritually mediated
frameworks and understandings traceable to their highland origins.
Through my own experience of an illness attributed by one of Mahata’s
resident mediums (ahinet) to these spirits I grapple with the ways in
which these understandings are manifested in somatic experience as
well as readily articulated belief.
Ritual speech and education in Kutete
Authors: Rose Michael
Published: January 2021

Spending time in the highland village of Kutete I got to know the teachers
at the primary school, Eskola Lalehan. Towards the end of the year, worried
many of the children would fail their exams, the principal organised the
purchase of a pig, and for a ritual speaker to beseech the ancestors to
allow the children safe passage to the exam centre and success once there.
This chapter juxtaposes the reluctance of Kutete’s farmers to adopt new
agricultural methods with their embrace of the village school. Through
an exegesis of the ritual speech they use for this I explore how, for the
people of Oecussi, kase education can draw on and validate meto notions
of interventionist, geographically embedded spirits.
Revisiting the historical trajectories of modern art museums in China
Authors: Ho Selina C.F.
Published: January 2021

This chapter revisits the history of and the forces behind the institutional
transformation of art museums in China, including those in Hong Kong
after 1997. It maintains that art museums in China have undergone
various localization processes in response to the dynamic internal and
external challenges throughout the history of the country. This chapter
offers a historical and contextual background for understanding the
multiple forces that have been influencing the regulation, production,
and consumption of art museums in China. Against the diverse and
contested backgrounds in contemporary societies, it re-emphasizes the
need for an empirical strategy for studying the cultural actors in different
museum contexts.
Guangdong Times Museum in Guangzhou
Authors: Ho Selina C.F.
Published: January 2021

This chapter examines the museum circuit of the Guangdong Times
Museum, a private art museum led by a real-estate company in Guangzhou.
It argues that the urban private economy has opened up a new space for
the development of private museums independent of the state activities,
one that arguably favours the development of civil society. The museum’s
cultural intermediaries, based upon a strong network of local and global
independent cultural actors, arguably have contributed to constructing a
‘public cultural sphere’, which imagines a shared community and directs it
towards becoming an autonomous and independent public. The museum’s
visitors, mainly educated young adults, can be categorized into six distinct
identities. The majority of them can explore new meanings and engage
in this ‘alternative museum culture’.
Opening up the Welfare State to ‘Outsiders’
Authors: Hayashi Mahito
Published: January 2021

This chapter examines local/national trajectories of social movements for
homeless people, arguing that ‘pro-homeless’ activism has fundamentally
improved the Japanese welfare state. State-led high growth historically
allocated resources favouring capitalist expansion, not people’s welfare.
This tendency hit the homeless the most. In turn, this has given
pro-homeless activism significant potentials and capacities. Firstly,
pro-homeless activism has dominantly taken local forms, improving
welfare provision at welfare offices. Secondly, in the late 2000s, activism
won achievements at the national level, by reframing homelessness as a
national problem. Thirdly, the wholesale inclusion of the homeless/poor
has evoked their re-marginalization. Today, neoliberal/neoconservative
forces are advancing anti-poor politics to revoke movements’ prior successes,
paradoxically testifying to the power of pro-homeless activism in
developing the welfare state.
Ancestors and Martyrs in Timor-Leste
Authors: de Matos Viegas Susana
Published: January 2021

This chapter reflects on the subject of ancestors: what are they in Timor-
Leste? Assuming a comparative perspective, I argue that ancestors are
inscribed in unilineal kinship dynamics implying mutuality of being. The
category of martyrs emerges in the historical process of resistance against
Indonesian occupation and should be understood as part of the lived
experience of ancestorship and cosmic circularity (lulik circle). Contrasting
constrained forms of honouring the dead imposed by colonial authorities
after the Japanese invasion during World War II with the liveliness of the
programmes destined to support reburials and pay tribute to martyrs
in post-independence Timor-Leste, I argue that more than war heroes,
martyrs inscribe the homage to the deceased in the conquest of freedom
and self-determination.
Household Medicine for a Renaissance Court
Authors: Barker Sheila , Strocchia Sharon
Published: January 2021

Household recipe books were the most prevalent form of women’s authoritative medical writing in Renaissance Europe. Among the most significant female-authored collections from fifteenth-century Italy was that of Caterina Sforza (1463-1509), Countess of Imola and Forlì. Two recently discovered manuscripts shed new light on her creative praxis and the practical knowledge she collected, developed, and tested. We argue that Caterina’s vast miscellany of ‘secrets’ must be read intentionally within the context of a household economy writ large, simultaneously serving the health needs and political objectives of a Renaissance court. These discoveries highlight the authority of experiential knowledge within the domestic realm and beyond. Since the manuscripts were subjected to censorship, we interrogate the later reclassification of some of Caterina’s authoritative knowledge as heterodox.
Gender, Old Age, and the Infertile Body in Medieval Medicine
Authors: Rider Catherine
Published: January 2021

Medieval medical texts regularly discussed a range of reproductive disorders in men and women. As part of this discussion, they often noted that men and women were infertile in extreme youth and old age. Although medieval medical views of infertility have received scholarly attention, these references to age and infertility have not been analysed. This chapter traces these references in a range of twelfth- to fifteenth-century Latin medical works. It argues that discussions of men and women’s fertility in old age were broadly similar, and that age was more important than gender when medical writers thought about age-related infertility. Nonetheless, behind the similarities many medical writers presented age as placing a greater burden on women’s fertility than men’s.
The History of Grammar in Foreign Language Teaching
Authors: Coffey Simon
Published: January 2021

Taking a broadly chronological approach, this volume of original essays traces the origins of the concept of ‘grammar’. In doing so, it charts the social, moral and cultural factors that have shaped the development of grammar from Antiquity, via the Middle Ages, Renaissance and Modern Europe, to current education systems and language learning pedagogy. The chapters examine key turning points in the history of language teaching epistemology, focusing on grammar for language teaching across different European cultural contexts. Bringing together leading scholars of classical and modern languages education, The History of Grammar in Foreign Language Teaching offers the first single-source reference on the evolving concept of grammar across cultural and linguistic borders in Western language education. It therefore represents a valuable resource for teachers, teacher-educators and course designers, as well as students and scholars of historical linguistics, and of second and foreign language education.
Secondary Grammar Education in the Middle Ages
Authors: Luhtala Anneli
Published: January 2021

The study of language and literature had a fundamental role in medieval education, being a major subject at all levels of education. This chapter deals with medieval language teaching in Western Christendom, focusing on the core of grammatical treatises, consisting of a systematic description of the parts of speech and their syntax. From the Carolingian reform on, grammar instruction continued to be influenced by logic, and the role of literature diminished. Grammar teaching became increasingly analytical, and Donatus’s standard textbook could no longer meet the requirements of language pedagogy in the High and Later Middle Ages. Its study began to be accompanied by other short treatises, which represented new doctrines, e.g. syntactical theory, and new forms of teaching, such as parsing grammars and grammars in verse.
Spanish grammaticography and the teaching of Spanish in the sixteenth century
Authors: Gómez Asencio José J. , van den Berghe Carmen Quijada , Swiggers Pierre
Published: January 2021

The first printed grammar of a European vernacular was Nebrija’s grammar of (Castilian) Spanish (1492), published at the end of the peninsular Reconquista and coinciding with Columbus’ arrival in America. In the sixteenth century castellano, the language of the Spanish Habsburg Empire, became prominent in Europe, for political, economic and religious reasons, a position strengthened in the seventeenth century by Spain’s cultural prestige. This contribution focuses on the first hundred years of Spanish language studies in Western Europe (Flanders, Italy, England, France). It offers an overview of grammatical and language-didactic tools for teaching and learning Spanish published in the sixteenth century. The relevant source texts (and their authors) are presented and analysed, and set in their political and cultural context.
Music Videos as Protest Communication: The Gezi Park Protest on YouTube
Authors: Jenzen Olu , Erhart Itir , Eslen-Ziya Hande , Güçdemir Derya , Korkut Umut , McGarry Aidan
Published: January 2021

This chapter explores the relevance of the protest song as political communication in the Internet era. Focusing on the prolific and diverse YouTube music video output of the Gezi Park protest of 2013, we explore how digital technologies and social media offer new opportunities for protest music to be produced and reach new audiences. We argue that the affordances of digital media and Internet platforms such as YouTube play a crucial part in the production, distribution and consumption of protest music. In the music videos, collected from Twitter, activists use a range of aesthetic and rhetorical tools such as various mash-up techniques to challenge mainstream media reporting on the protest, communicate solidarity, and express resistance to dominant political discourse.
When Twitter Got #woke : Black Lives Matter, DeRay McKesson, Twitter, and the Appropriation of the Aesthetics of Protest
Authors: Vis Farida , Faulkner Simon , Noble Safiya Umoja , Guy Hannah
Published: January 2021

This chapter takes as its focal point a press photograph of the arrest of DeRay
McKesson, a prominent black figure associated with the Black Lives Matter
(BLM) movement in the United States. In the photograph, McKesson is
shown wearing a T-shirt, produced by the social media company Twitter,
that bears the hashtag #StayWoke. This photographic image is examined
by deploying an ‘anatomy of an image’ approach, defined by two qualitative
modes of analysis. First, looking at the use of the photograph in the
mainstream online press as well as selectively on Twitter; second, by treating
the image and, in particular, the T-shirt McKesson wears as a starting point
for a discussion of relationships between BLM, McKesson, and Twitter.
Introduction: The Aesthetics of Global Protest : Visual Culture and Communication
Authors: McGarry Aidan , Erhart Itir , Eslen-Ziya Hande , Jenzen Olu , Korkut Umut
Published: January 2021

Protest movements are struggles to be seen and to be heard. In the last
60 years protest movements around the world have mobilized against
injustices and inequalities to bring about substantial sociocultural,
sociopolitical, and socio-economic changes. Whilst familiar repertoires
of action persist, such as strikes, demonstrations, and occupations of
public space, the landscape is very different from 60 years ago when the
so-called ‘new social movements’ emerged. We need to take stock of the
terrain of protest movements, including dramatic developments in digital
technologies and communication, the use of visual culture by protestors,
and the expression of democracy. This chapter introduces the volume and
explains how aesthetics of protest are performative and communicative,
constituting a movement through the performance of politics.
Unearthing Peasant Societies : Historiography and Recent Contributions in the Archaeology of the Rural World during Visigothic Times
Authors: Tejerizo Carlos
Published: January 2021

Until very recently, the analysis of Visigothic peasant societies has remained a pending task. This was mainly due to the lack of historical sources for tackling the issue, which generated an extremely dark perspective on peasantry, based on the idea of isolated and miserable societies. In recent decades, however, the excavation of hundreds of peasant archaeological contexts all over the Iberian Peninsula has enabled the reformulation of the role of these communities in the configuration of post-Roman economics and politics. In this chapter, I critically consider the most significant contributions of archaeology to the analysis of post-Roman peasantry in the light of the latest studies. Furthermore, the chapter proposes an academic agenda for advancing this topic in coming years.
‘Put All Your Trust in Ansemundus’ : Look at Distrust in Visigothic-Byzantine Diplomatic Relations
Authors: Vallejo Margarita
Published: January 2021

The phrase in the title comes from a letter sent by the Visigoth king Sisebut to the Byzantine Patrician Cesarius on the occasion of the exchange of emissaries in order to achieve a peace treaty. It is the first time we have directly documented diplomatic contacts between Visigoths and Byzantines in the 70 years of the Byzantine presence in the Iberian Peninsula; the fact remains that the letter reveals initial mutual mistrust. Previous documents concerning pacts between Visigoths and Byzantines provide the same perception. This contribution examines the relations and diplomatic correspondence between Sisebut and Cesarius and the possible covenants made by them, bearing in mind those previously signed between Visigoths and Byzantines.