bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modern Native Orientalism: Islam phobia or Lack of Scholarly Credentials?
Authors: Dr. Muhammad Nasir Mahmood
Published: December 2020

Islam has been discussed and criticized in the West by the name of Orientalism and this practice is in vogue in the modern enlightened age. While Orientalism remains to be an important chapter in the history of Islam and the West, new modes of approaching Islam, ranging from dialogue and critical understanding to confrontation and rejection, continue to make their appearances in various forms. Recently the West has started sponsoring some Muslims and ex-Muslims to criticize Islam besides the Orientalists. These so-called Muslims have been frequently appearing in the arenas of criticism for last few years. We may call these Muslims or ex-Muslims as ‘native Orientalists.’
نوجوانوں میں تعلیم و تربیت کے فقدان کا تدارک اور سد باب سیرت مبارکہ کی روشنی میں
Authors: Prof. Dr. Atta ur Rehman
Published: December 2020

Youth is no doubt the asset of Muslim world. If they are utilized in charitable activities; in the protection of respect and honor; and developmental works, they can prove to be beneficial and a blessing. While if they are taken by destructive elements in their hands they will become source of destruction and harm. By providing proper Islamic education, our future will be in safe hands and will breath in an air of respect among other nations.

In young age, deterioration in manners and moral corruption are alarming and cause mischief in society. Therefore, the interest taken in the problems of youth will result in a progressive society and ummah. Islam has given a special place to youth and has declared them future architect and leaders of humanity. The holy prophet S.A.W has given much importance to the youth and focused on them during his life time.  In Islamic history, Muslim youth has represented the Muslim world in golden words and has spread the message of Islam’s moral height and greatness to the coming generations and nations. Due to the importance of youth problem of the youth in current time regarding lack of education and training are particularly discussed in this article. The research article begins with the detailed study of the research done in the area of education and socialization of youth. Moreover, the importance of education and socialization has been discussed in the light of the teachings of Quran and Hadith. After this, decadence in education, factors responsible for the decadence in education and its worse consequences have been thoroughly discussed in the light of the teachings of Islam.  As there are several reasons responsible for the downfall of education like: parents, teachers, education system, society, state, preachers, political parties and media, therefore, responsibility of the remedy of this lack of proper education and socialization also depend on all these stake holders. In the end of the paper, recommendations are given for the cure of decadence in education.
موجودہ جمہوری سیاسی اضطرابی صورتحال کا جائزہ اور اس کا حل، سیرۃ طیبہﷺ کی روشنی میں
Authors: Mufti Syed Muhammad Rafiq.
Published: December 2020

The set of formal legal institutions that collectively constitute a “government”or a “state” form the basis of what we call “Political System”. Democracy, one of the institutions withiun the present day political scenario, is a system of processing conflicts in which the outcomes depend on what the opinion of majority of the participants is. In such a process, no single force or group can control what occurs unless they can prove their majority. The primary problem with the world politics in today’s world is not much different to what it has been over the centuries - it is controlled by people who are generally incapable of envisioning a system of just government that could address the broader problems faced by humanity and that which could think beyond the immediate scene. Nothing about our world will change until we acknowledge this reality and that the quality of life depends on more than a mere establishment of rules by which to live and carry out commerce. It requires an understanding of the universal issues that are not yet considered as a part of the better human condition by most governments of our time. Politicians always have, focussed on the tangible issues of the physical social structure while being oblivious to the fact that such a framework can be no more useful in improving the human condition than is the altruistic value of the foundation on which it is built. In this paper, the existing democratic political system has been thoroughly analyzed in accordance with the seerah of our beloved messengerﷺ.
گرو نانک کے جانشین اور سکھ مت کے ارتقاء میں ان کی اہمیت
Authors: Maria Maan  , Dr. Shabbir Hussain
Published: December 2020

This article is an attempt to know about “The Succeeds of Guru Nanak and Their Significance in the Development of Sikhism .There have been nine Succeeds of Guru Nanak in the history of Sikhism. They took significant role in the field of development of Sikhism. It has been studied the major works of these succeeds in this articles. It throws light on the methodology and strategies of the succeeds of Guru Nanak in their reign. Gurdwara panja sahib is one of the holiest places in Sikhism which is believe hold a rock hand print of Guru Nanak. Every year, hundreds and thousands of pilgrims from various parts of the world, especially India and rural areas of Sindh, visit this temple to offer religious rituals in Connection with various occasion like Rakhi, Besakhi, Birth and death anniversary of Guru Nanak Ddev, Joti Jott Mela, death anniversary 05th Guru of Sikhism Guru Arjun Dev. and last emperor of Punjab Maharaja Ranjeet Singh. The lager (holy Food) served at the temple is part of the teachings of Guru Nanak dev Ji, the founder of Sikhism.
خواجہ محمد خلیل رحمۃ اللہ علیہ حیات ، علمی ، ادبی و تصنیفی خدمات
Authors: Syed Attaullah Bukhari  , Prof. Dr. Muhammad Anwar Khan
Published: December 2020

Khuwaja Muhammad Khalil Khan (R.A) was born in 1920 A.D In Aligarh and completed his Islamic Education under Syed Amjad Ali Azmi, he was among of the prominent contemporary in the Literarily History of Subcontinent. His masterly work as reformer in the major fields of Islamic Sciences show his profound approach to them. He wrote on jurisprudence, Commentary on Hadith, Doctrines, and on societal problems. Of which few books are prescribed for syllabus at national and international seminaries. He led the foundation of AHSAN UL BARKAT in Hyderabad which is spring of scholars. His areas of studies comprises on different fields of Islamic Studies. His remarkable work on the particular fields also reflects his deep study on it. The aim of this paper is to produce before muslim ummah the unparalleled services of this great Hanafi scholar of Sindh; Khuwaja Muhammad Khalil Khan (RA) not only proved himself as a distinguished jurist, but also regarded as an authority by the scholars of the Pak o Hind, who used to refer him for the solution of religious problems.
آداب الحوار في القرآن الكريم والسنة النبوية صلى الله عليه وسلم
Authors: Dr. Hafiz Muhammad Siddiq  , Dr. Syed Bacha Agha
Published: December 2020

Human beings are innately filled with prejudices and biases. Interaction of these biases and building alternative views involve dexterous efforts. The dialogue approach could be thought of as positive disposition to others which encourages the virtues of neighborliness, friendship and mutual trust and caring.The current paper discusses the importance of dialogue in every field of life, if there is any misunderstanding or controversies among individuals, communities, societies, and religions. Islam has emphasized on the dialogue for resolving the misconceptions. The present study defines dialogue literally and technically by denoting its legitimacy from primary sources of the Islamic Law. The present study mani-fests the differences of several terms relevant to dialogue such as Jidal and Munazarah. It also denotes some illustrations of dialogue from the Holy Qur’an and Ahadith of the Holy Prophet (PBUH).  The main focus of the article is on the ethics of dialogue in the light of Qur’an and Sunnah including the conditions and qualifications of a person, who is capable for dialogue in accordance attributes prescribes by Shari‘ah.. The conversation must be in a good environment and usage of the words, phrases, and statements have much more importance in the success of a perfect dialogue. The research concludes that an expert and competent person should be selected for such dialogues and recommends that such scholars should be trained in developing strong communication and debating skills in every situation.
شیخ الحدیث مولاناسلیم اللہ خانؒ کی تصنیفی خدمات
Authors: Hayatullah  , Prof. Dr. Muhammad Abdul Ali Achakzai
Published: December 2020

Sheikh Molana saleem ullah khan was born in Muzaffer Nagar in India. He belongs to hasan pur. He get degree of dura-e-nizami from Dar-ul-Uloom Deoband. In Deoband he received Education of Quran, Hadith and other related sciences through learned scholars of the time which includes Molana Hussain Ahmed Madani, Molana Izaz Ali, Molana Idrees kandahalvi and other religious personalities. After his education he start teaching and served as a teacher in many madaris. He was a prominent and renowned scholar.1n 1967 He laid the foundation of Jamia Farooqia Karachi. His entire services have been so much blessed by Almighty Allah that since its foundation, till now the Jamia has advanced a long way in Islamic Education and related fields which seems almost unbelievable. He left many books which based on his writing and narration of Hadith during different session of dura-e-Hadith. In this Article, I have tried my level best to elaborate sheikh saleem Ullah khan’s services as Author for Islamic literature and specially for Hadith Nabvi(s.w).
ملازمت کے شرعی احکام (ایک تحقیقی جائزہ)
Authors: Muhammad Ali Durrani  , Prof. Rehmatullah Achakzai
Published: December 2020

In our society a large number of people are associated with employment ranging from a gatekeeper, soldier, peon, clerk to prime minister, chief of army staff (COAS) Journals, chief justice, secretary, chief minister, doctors and professors all are employees infect. Most of social problems are linked to them, if all of them do their work correctly and honestly then most of our issues can be solved easily. Furthermore growth and prosperity of our economic system is dependent on the betterment of employment. Nations who ever works and shows interest in improving the employment system are the one who pave road for their economic prosperity. As an ordinary person himself needs a worker, therefore if Islamic practices are promoted in different disciplines of employment in human life then Islamic orders will revive and its effect will be seen in other departments as well. Therefore this study focuses and tends to guide Muslims working in employment sector in our society. This will help employed persons not only to up bring the Islamic teachings as well as can be helpful for human beings to guide them about Islam. It will act as a set of guidance for people working in government and non-government organizations, so that an employee could earn a true living under sharia orders and be helpful in promoting and development of a better society.
بچوں کے عمرانی مسائل،اسلامی تعلیمات اور بین الاقوامی قوانین کے تناظر میں
Authors: Muhammad Mudassir Shafeeq Aribi.  , Dr. Sabeen Akbar
Published: December 2020

The way the religion of Islam has emphasized the human rights, might be any other religion has given importance to this very specific topic. Although in Islam, there has no any chapter making been made in Quran and hadith on the permanent bases on the topic of basic human rights, yet if some search is made to find out these Quran and Sunnah, these are also present in expended form in various places and along with these guided principles are also present there. In Quran there is admonition in many places for the protection of human soul, goods and honor as well. Whereas Hadith along with the other various teachings, specifically on the eve of the last sermon known as ( Khutba hajja tul wida) of the Rasool(PBUH) the prescribed charter of human rights is enough to highlight its importance, but no distinctive laws are cited with a special regarded to  children. Anyhow, in 18th century, issues relevant to children came into view those also became the cause of many movements and all the countries are formulated unanimous laws which are still being applied. In present era, the social issues of the children are becoming obnoxious severe. On the behalf of these issues their growth, training and many other facts of life are also attention catching. In this article, an analysis of Islamic and International laws with respect to children will be made and those causes will also be cited due to which social issues of children are continuously being generated.
توضیح ِاصطلاحاتِ فقہیہ (بذل المجہود کا مطالعہ وتجزیہ)
Authors: Dr. Mufti Muhammad Haroon  , Dr. Muhammad Shahbaz Manj
Published: December 2020

Istilahat-e-fiqhia (Juristic terms) is of vital importance in understanding the exact meaning of the Islamic injunctions. Hadith Commentators, therefore, in their Hadith commentaries, ardently explain these terms literally as well as idiomatically. The present article, with the said perspective, studies Bazl al-Majhud fi Hall Sunan Abi Dawud, a multi-voluminous Arabic commentary of classical hadith corps Sunan Abi Dawud by renowned hadith scholar Moulana Khalil Ahmad Saharanpuri. It discovers that Moulana Saharanpuri elucidates the juristic terms with all the methods adopted by the experts of Ilm Lughat, Ilm Gharib al-Hadith, etc. He, in his elucidation, not only gives the inquiries of the experts but also evaluates them and gives his observations. However in some places he just copies the experts and doesn’t comment.
علامہ جلال الدین سیوطیؒ کی کتاب ’’لباب النقول فی اسباب النزول‘‘ کا تحقیقی وتنقیدی جائزہ
Authors: Admin Admin , Rizwan Ali  , Dr. Zahoorullah Azhari
Published: December 2020

Islam is a natural and complete code of life for human being. Among the basic sources of Islamic teachings, The Holy Quran is the first and fundamental source. In the field of Islamic studies, Quran discipline has many branches and sub disciplines which assist us to understand the Quran, these sub-disciplines are called “Ulum Al Quran”. “Ulum Al Quran” are divided in hundreds types and Ilm Asbab Al Nuzul” is a very important among these types. The importance of this ilm can be gauged that the scholars and Interpreter of The Holy Quran have written separate books with respect of this ilm. We can see that after Allama Wahidi, Allama Jalaluddin Suyuti has also compiled a value able book named:  "لباب النقول فی اسباب النزول"“Libab Al Nuqul Fi Asbab Al Nuzul” on this Ilm. In this article will try to find out and explain the methodology of Allama Jalaluddin Suyuti in his basic and majestic book with narration of its value ability, popularity and necessary introduction.
عورت کی معاشی سرگرمیاں اور عصری سماج: سیرت طیبہ کے تناظر میں
Authors: Manj Dr. Muhammad Shahbaz , Manj Saima shahbaz
Published: December 2020

This paper studies the participation of woman in economic activities in the perspective of seerah of the prophet (Peace be upon him). It explores that in the prophet’s period women had been taking part in different economic activities. They had been trading, farming, nursing, sewing etc. Natures of their works prove that every work and job, keeping in view the Islamic concept of modesty, is islamically lawful for present day women. Present day women can participate in different economic activities and support their families economically.
اسلام کامعاشی واقتصادی نظام اوراس کےخصائص(تعلیمات نبویﷺ کی روشنی میں)
Authors: Anjum Khawar , Khan Prof. Dr. Munir Ahmed
Published: December 2020

The religion of Islam provides complete code of life for all humans, for all mankind, at all times, and in every place, in all the fields of life, has been revealed as a rule for all the areas of life. Islam has been revealed by the creator and owner of this world for the sake of human beings, so that Allah knows best to know, where and what rules and what religion It is better than they can walk the system of the world with moderation and justice, and can be able to change their Hereafter, because of which the religion which has been chosen for their servants is better, superior and capable and acceptable. There is no one else capable of being superior and capable.

There is no bar on state ownership of enterprise in Islam. The basic economic institutions may be brought under state control, if this is required to establish social justice or protect the interests of the community. Islam protects lawful property and is in favour of confiscation of unlawful property. There are some instances of takeover of unlawful property during the period of Hazart Omar and Hazrat Omar bin-Abdul Aziz. Lawful property can be taken over by the state only for valid social reasons after due compensation. During the last Hajj the Prophet (SM) announced the principle of protection of lawful property. The Quran says, "Don't eat each other's property wrongfully" (Sura Nisa, Ayat-29).
توہم پرستی کے اسباب و علاج کا جائزہ (تعلیمات نبوی ﷺکی روشنی میں)
Authors: Babar Imran , Bukhari Dr. Syed Abdul Ghaffar
Published: December 2020

Superstition is a social and human problem. Existence of superstitions cannot be ruled out in any human society. We find that not only Muslims, but also other people are subject to superstitions, anxiety and unrest. There is a dire need to review and analyze the religious factors and effects of Superstition, thence tell how Islam guides to get rid of it. Religion, and religious law are the basis of a Muslim society. Religions in its true spirit is but a way to demonstrate servitude to God. This is all about obedience. Religion is a transcendental and eternal set of divine instructions. It appears not only in the form of piety and recompense, but also it influences the inner self of human beings, hence it affects our actions, consciously or unconsciously. The basic objective of the Islamic teachings is character building and purification of souls to make a pious man. Only this type of human can be free from the negative cults, superstitions and anxiety produced by the modern age, only this human can be a true obedient servant of God. Superstitions are metaphysical interpretations of some physical phenomena. In the realm of metaphysics, the religion is the only authority. So we can cure the problem of superstition through the correct knowledge of the religion.
عشقِ مصطفی ﷺمفہوم ،مدعیٰ اور تقاضے
Authors: Islam Muhammad Ali
Published: December 2020

Love with prophet is the sign of Emaan i.e faith. Without loving prophet Emaan is Inefficient. Prophet Muhammad also thought the rulings of Loving prophet in his life spine of 23 years. The very first requirement of loving prophet is to accept and implement the teachings of prophet with complete abidance. The very first believers were the companions of Prophet Muhammad who with the great enthusiasm followed and implemented the teachings of Prophet Muhammad. Eid Milad-un-Nabi which is conceded the symbol of Prophet’s love was not celebrated by the most loving companions of the Prophet. Rather it was firstly introduced on 604 Hijra. The founder of this tradition was Shaikh Muhammad bin Umar Musli and it was publically celebrated in the era of King Malik Muzafar-ud-din abu saeed kukbari and the very first book written on the topic of Eid Milad-un-Nabi by Abu ul Khatab Ibn e Dahiya but all of them are unauth-entic. The first assembly of Eid Milad-un-Nabi was conducted by Sabki Sahfai who is historically an unauthentic person. In today’s era Eid Milad-un-Nabi is considered as Bidath by the majority of Islamic Scholars. This is not the right way of showing someone’s love for Prophet Muhammad. The most authentic way how to love prophet is in the lives of Sahaba the companions of Prophet Muhammad.
کوئٹہ کے مراکزافتاء اوران کی کارکردگی
Authors: Saif ur Rehman.  , Rehmatullah Achakzai
Published: December 2020

In Sharia (Islamic Law), the interpretation of any law to solve an issue or problem with a logical verdict, of an individual in society or state, is called Fatwahs. Fatwahs are issued from the religious institutions, called “Marakiz e Ifta”. While the “Muftees” are considered the sole authority to disperse and verdict for all issues in an Islamic society or state. Without the interpretation of Muftees, the solution for all issues in an Islamic society is impossible. No individual can deny the importance of “Fiqh” and “Fatwahs” in Islamic society. These religious practices and services of Muftees with Fiqah, have been existing since its origin. In the same way, such services and practices are present in Quetta city as in the other regions of Pakistan. In this study, the researcher has analyzed the following aspects such as: Muftees, their religious Fatawahs and Maddaris, their establishment, services and practices regarding these Fatawahs and its characteristics, the merit of an issue for a verdict and the importance of these Fatawahs on official level. The objectives of this study are the analysis of the services of Muftees and Maddaris of Quetta. That the Muftees and Maddaris have practiced and served the general public as in the other regions of Pakistan.

The research site for this study was Quetta city. The research toll was interview technique while the respondents or participants for this study were religious Schalors. Data was collected and analyzed by the researcher. This study comes within the qualitative research paradigm.
ہبہ مشاع اور غیر مشاع میں قبضہ
Authors: Shuhab Naimat Khan  , Prof. Dr. Muhammad Abdul Ali Achakzai
Published: December 2020

The institution of ‘Gift’ (ہبہ) is common in every religion. Every religion promo-tes this practice, as it is a tool to create sense of love and affection between the giver and the receiver. Similarly, Islam encourages its followers to perform it from time to time and spread sense of love and affection. The holy Prophet (Peace and Mercy be upon him) not only ordered the believers of Islam to exchange gifts but also, he himself was habitual of distributing things among the Muslims as gifts. Here, in this article, this exercise of the ‘Gift’ is discussed. Firstly, its lexical and terminological meanings are mentioned and supported with verses of the holy Quran and the traditions of the holy Prophet (PBUH). Furthermore, its need and importance are given consideration. Secondly, kinds of the ‘Gift’ are specified, which are ‘Gift of existing things and non-existing things’. Then the existing things are divided into ‘Devisable and non-devisable items’. In the end the concept of possession in the ‘Gift’ is stated. Along with all this opinions of the five schools of thoughts i.e. Hanafi, Maliki, Shafai, Hanbali and Shia, and their basis regarding possession of the ‘Gift’ are presented.
Worldly Portent of Face Uncovering and Women’s Dilapidation: A Comparative Study in Context with Quranic Injunctions
Authors: Dr. Syed Aftab Alam  , Dr. Naseem Akhter  , Shumaila Rafiq
Published: December 2020

Assyrian Text is witnessed that women used veil for face covering with an additional piece of cloth about 13 centuries before the Christ. Then history of mankind displays veil in Egyptian society that was transparent and normally white in color. We found a handful evidences in Greek literature regarding veiling of face. History travels to Anglo-Saxon age and witnessed that women used veil to cover their hair of head. The head covering shows a biological reasoning also. Roman culture was the culture of fantasy, the veils were full of colorful, and multi designed veil arranged by flowers and different beautiful substantial. In Roman, veil developed from only head covering to shoulder covering and then from head to back covering. British regime also enrich the history of veil. There was beautiful designed, decorated with net clothes and covered with beautiful embroidery. The veil was empowered by elite community in England. Later it was popularized as a fashion in colonial communities. Through this thorough historic discussion, it is approved that veil used by women has a long history as the human history. In religious context, Hinduism is understood as the oldest religion on globe, it is found that in Harappan times about 2500 BC, Aryan women used to wear full body covering single cloth from head covering to foot, which was preached in Hindu religious book Vedas also, later the single cloth was known as Sari. And after the introduction of Christianity, Veil was introduced as a compulsory symbol of religion. Veil of whole body with strict rules can be seen in the form of Christian nun. Later, Islam explained veil of women in public as an obligatory sign. Islam is the youngest religion on earth, it was published rapidly and the implication of its rules are practiced prominently. After a thorough historic and religious discussion, it if proved in this article that veil was a compulsory part of human society and religions before Islam had also preached for veiling.
نظریہ تخليق كائنات ،قرآن اور جديد سائنس كى روشنى میں
Authors: Dr. Ikram ul Haq Al-Azhari  , Kalota Dr. Muhammad Mushtaq , Maria Man
Published: December 2020

The Holy Quran is primarily a book of divine guidance for humanity but it also includes the verses related to the creation and organization of the universe. There are almost 700 verses which talk about the pattern of creation of the universe and the mastery of its creator. These verses are meant to guide people till the Day of Judgment. The factual theory of creation is presented in the Quran in a scientific and rational way and with the development of scientific tools and methods these facts have been discovered by the scientists as well. Therefore, when the scientific information was gathered through rational and empirical methods and compared to the Quranic information, it was concluded that Quran has reported true information centuries earlier. It helped dissolution of many doubts and caused a lot many physicists to accept Islam. The Holy Quran rejected the materialistic, atheistic interpretations of the beginning of the universe and offered an alternative logical view of a universe operated by an omnipotent and omniscient God. This research article is an elaborate study of the Quranic and scientific interpretations of the origin of the universe.
شریعت میں ضرورت و حاجت کی رعایت اور اس کی حدود
Authors: Muhammad Taj ud Din  , Dr. Zahoorullah Azhari
Published: December 2020

The Universal teachings of the Islam provide the solution of the problems of every era. The concepts of accommodation, easiness and comfort in Islam are unique concepts found in any religion. Islamic Law promotes the concept of lenience while the concept of rigidness is not supported. It has been mentioned in number of narrations that Holy Prophet was sent with an easy Din. He has commanded to spread easiness and comfort and he has discouraged the promotion of concept of rigidity. Allah Almighty has also formulated the laws of jurisprudence on this concept of ease. He has provided relaxation in His commandments in the state of necessity and compulsion. The four schools of law have also defined the concept of necessity and exigencies. They have determined the area of necessity and elucidate the amount of relaxation that is provided in the fulfilment of obligation in state of compulsion and obsession. Dr Wahaba al-Zuhali states that necessity is that thing without which the life of a person comes in to a fatal situation. To save life, religion, money, respect and intellect of a person, in the state of compulsion and obsession one can use the prohibited things as well. In this article this concept of accommodation, easiness and lenience in the light of Quran, Hadith and sayings of Pious Predecessors will be elaborated.
رواۃ حدیث کے تعارف میں مفتی محمد فرید ؒ اور شیخ سلم اللہ خانؒ کی آ راء کاتقابلی جائزہ
Authors: Zia Ullah
Published: December 2020

This article aims to draw a comparative overview between the opinions of Mufti Muhammad Fareed R.A and Sheikh Saleem Ullah Khan R.A on the topic of rawayah (chain of narration) of hadith. It also explains the importance of hadith by stating that knowledge of Quran cannot be completely gained without the knowledge hadith. It declares that in the topic of reporting or narration the need of authenticity and confiscation is always there since beginning. It says that the science of rectification and validation is one of the major studies of hadith. This study is important and sensitive at the same time as it the knowledge which helps to identify whether the hadith is Sahih (authentic) or Da'if (weak). It also throws light on the fact that the science of rectification and validation and the knowledge of chain of narrators of all ahadiths is the remarkable possession of the Muslims. This debate defines the science of rectification and validation, consideration, identifies shariah (islamic canonical law), and mentions the books related to these topics. In this article the two sheikhs have described the introduction of chain of narration according to their perspectives. Mufti sahab clearly explains the isnad of hadith and also adds the quotes of ulama and gives references of books and states examples. On contemporary to him sheikh sahab briefly explains the isnad using the same method. The main difference between both is that mufti sahab's method is summarized one while sheikh sahab's method is detailed one.
التشبيه وأنواعه باعتبار الأداة ووجه الشبه
Authors: Muhammad Shuaib  , Dr. Muhammad Zahir Shah
Published: December 2020

It is well known that the Rhetorical sciences are all masterpieces tend to the souls, and feel comfortable, and it shows the creativity of the Creator and his wise will and it is divided into three big parts, but this research is traced only the " Rhetorical Analogy and his various kinds in surah Al-Tawba  and Youna  I mentioned the clarification of the verse before the statement of rhetorical data to explain the exact meaning of the verse. I explained all of these according to the views and opinions of the various rhetorical scientists. I have also mentioned its various purposes during explaination of every verse these are: A statement of the case of the suspect and its description,  statement of its amount ,and a statement of its justification and status report etc.
Shariah and Evolution of Fair Trial Rights in Pakistan
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad , Iqbal Dr. Khurshid
Published: December 2020

Although Pakistan is considered as one of two states created in name of religion and concieved to be a place where Islam and other religions can be prcticed without fear and repraisal, yet the development of Shariah principles in the legal arena of country and the fabric of society is far from achievable. Fair Trial rights have remained at the backstage of legal concerns in the country, largely considered as a ‘luxury’ of developed societies. Yet the introduction of Article 10-A has started the conformation of basic rights in Pakistan. Although human value and integrity is at the core of rights developed in Shariah, yet the inclusion and provision of fair trial rights in Pakistan needs much improvement and adaptation.
امام ابوحنیفہ ؒپر جرح وتعدیل کا تحقیقانہ جائزہ
Authors: Ibrahim Muhammad , Dr Nasir ud Din
Published: December 2020

Imam Abu Hanifa's personality has earned him a universal recognition throughout the Muslim Ummah. The Ummah has recognized him as an Imam. His jurispru-dence is one of the four most popular jurisprudents and it has become more accepted than the rest of jurisprudence over time. It is impossible for anyone else to reach the heights of his knowledge. Wherever he has so many followers, there is no shortage of his opponents, who have been trying to discredit him by spreading falsehoods on his behalf and to this day. There have also been some big scholars who have suffered from such misunderstandings, and they have talked about him. The need is to make it clear to the Ummah what the status of Imam Abu Hanifa is and to what extent the statements against him are acceptable, so that no one who studies the Islamic sciences remain in doubt. The underlying article is also a trivial attempt to carry out the same effort which has been discussed in principle and it has been found that Imam Abu Hanifa is a popular Imam for the whole Umma, so the opinion of some people against him could not be accepted.
معاشرے کو فتنوں سے محفوظ رکھنے کے مناہج وتدابیراحادیث نبویہ کی روشنی میں
Authors: Khan Muhammad Kamran , Chishti Prof Dr Ali Asghar
Published: December 2020

The article aims to highlight the methods of avoiding "fitan" in the light of tradit-ions of prophet Muhammad (PBUH), The literature of Hadiths of prophet Muhammad (PBUH) regarding "Fitan" has been discussed by Muhadditheen under the title of "Kitab-ul-Fitan", which deals with the issues caused by intemperate human behavior, self-directed interests, and subsequent endeavors to gratify them. Confrontation, collusion of interests, infighting and so on-are the offshoots of these immoderate human attitude and behavior. Hadiths of Prophet Muhammad are beacon of light; and impart such instructions and guidance in the realm of virtues and vices, which have panacea to uproot all these crookedness and gaps found in human nature and behavior. It has such a celestial message and guidance, which cannot only uproot all evasiveness from human nature, but also to safeguard a society at large. The right understanding and compre-hension of the crux of these Hadiths is paramount and crucial in this regard. Therefore, this research paper deals with this crucial issue and expounds right course of action in this regard. The method of study adopted in this paper is descriptive and analytical.
مقام ِ رسالت کا حقیقی تصوراور ڈینیئل براؤ ن کی فکر:ایک تجزیاتی مطالعہ
Authors: Hasan Muhammad Najmul , . Dr Manzoor Ahmad
Published: December 2020

This article addresses the questions about the nature of Prophetic authority, raised by contemporary orient list Daniel W. Brown in his book 'Rethinking Tradition in Modern Islamic Thought'. In the fourth chapter, he tries to prove that the nature of Prophetic authority is controversial among the modern Muslim scholars namely the supporters of hadith, deniers of hadith and those who adopted a middle way. He argues that the theory of infallibility (isma) of the Prophet (SAW) entered into classical sunni doctrine around ninth Century AD. Most of the Muslim scholars are of the view that the Prophet (SAW) is infallible inasmuch as the revelation is concerned, but they differed in matters falling outside the sphere of revelation. In this way the personality of the Messenger of Allah was divided into two spheres, human and Prophetic. The question as to where to drop a line between the two caused great discussions among the Muslim scholars. Brown states that, during 19th and 20th centuries, these debates led the Muslim scholars of India and Egypt to heated discussions about the authority of the Prophet (SAW) and his Sunnah. He, then, discusses at length the views of different scholars and comes up with results of his own liking. This study tries to clarify ambiguities created by Daniel Brown during the course of discussion and indicates the real status of the Prophetic authority among the Muslims ofall ages.
قتل اور خودکشی ،اسلام اور بدھ مت :تقابلی مطالعہ
Authors: Nasir Muhammad Sulaiman , Abdullah Prof. Dr. Muhammad
Published: December 2020

The sanctity of human life is the core issue in almost all religions of the world. In the present world scenario, human beings are suffering a lot. Human life is at risk. The most important and precious figure in society is human beings as it is the greatest creature of Almighty Allah. Buddhism and Islam both emphasize the sanctity of human life. The stress laid by the teaching of Islam on the sanctity and respect of human life can be understood by the fact that Islam does not allow the killing of people who are not physically involved in the war. Islam also against suicide. Similarly, the teaching of Buddha has emphasized the holiness and sanctity of human life. According to the philosophy of non-violence in Buddhism (Ahimsa), Killing of human beings is far from Buddhist’s creed even they are against the killing of insects. In Buddhism, “The nonviolence is one of the five precepts of Dhamma, which form the right action, right views and right-thinking on Eightfold Path. This article focuses on the teaching of Buddhism and Islam, a comparative study regarding killing and suicide as these topics are closely related to the sanctity of human life.
History of Hospitality Laws - Do Islamic and South Asian Legal History Have the same Approach? (A Comparative Approach of Sharīʿah & Law)
Authors: . Dr. Lutfullah , Nazir Farhad
Published: December 2020

Respect for guests and visitors, indeed, always remain a common notion of civilized nations; existing on this earth since its inception. This peculiar characteristic, of course, differentiates human beings from animal where the previous are rightly called social animals. The South Asian countries i.e. Pakistan, India, Bangladesh and Nepal are not different in this regard. Their history is always remained a solid evidence of their generosity towards the guests and visitors. Being remained under the rule of the Great Britain, these countries have the same legal history and legal spectrum for dealing tourists and visitors. However, this similarity in terms of hospitality laws is also owing to the similar teaching of their corresponding religions. Findings show that Islam, Buddhism and Hinduism have some common teaching regarding the respect of guests. While having deep sentiments for religious teaching, the residents of such states want the inculcation of religious guidelines in their legal system. Islamic law offers a comprehensive guideline for hospitality comparatively to other religions. Being an Islamic country, it is supposed that such guidelines should be followed while framing legislation for hospitality and tourism. However, study shows that much work is not done yet in this regard. Content analysis technique of qualitative research has been followed in the present work for the investigation of the issue.
A Critical Study of Objections of Orientalists and Hadith-Deniers on Sense-Reporting of Hadith Text
Authors: Abdullah Hafiz Rizwan , Ahmed Dr. Iftikhar
Published: December 2020

Riwayat bil-ma’na (sense-reporting) means that a narrator narrates a hadith in his own words without uttering the actual words he listened. It is a method of narrating hadith which is, although opposed by some scholars and declared an illegal and unfair method, yet most of hadith-experts have conditionally allowed it. A narrator may not be allowed to report the sense/meaning of a hadith without abiding by some condi-tions. It is a fact that, on basis of sense-reporting, many orientalists have played the blame game on hadith. After having influenced by the orientalists, hadith-deniers, modernists and many so-called Muslim scholars have also made objections on this ground. The main reason of these objections, in their opinion, is that during the whole period before compilation of hadith, hadith narrating has been used to take place by the method of sense-reporting. It is a recognized fact that all people do not have the same level of reasoning, memorizing and understanding capability. It is not possible that ten people narrate the words of Prophet in the same wording. That’s why there are many narrations of Hadith on the same topic and different as well. This difference means that any change or fluctuation has been occurred in hadiths. So, these hadiths will no more be viable argument.  Moreover all hadiths of books of hadith comprise sense-reporting. The deniers of hadith propagate such ambiguities and make denial and disregard of hadith. So, it is needed to review the objections of deniers of hadith on research point of view and to describe the conditions of hadith-experts clearly. Not mentioning these conditions is, no doubt, dishonesty. Besides this, it is to view different forms of sense-reporting which are present in hadith. So that the matter being discussed, may be made clear on all its aspects. This research article consists on this discussion.
Religious and Cultural Manipulation of Gender Roles in The Bull and the She Devil by Zeb Un Nisa Hameedullah
Authors: Saeed Dr. Amna , Khalid Azan , Ali Dr. Syed Shuja'at
Published: December 2020

This paper attempts to study the exploitation of women that takes place in the rural areas of Pakistan in the name of cultural and religious norms. Its main focus is to do analysis of Zeb Un Nisa Hameedullah’s short story titled The Bull and the She Devil under the Lacanian psychoanalytic model delimited to the Mirror stage. The Mirror stage speculates that an individual recognizes himself in the mirror literally and figuratively. In the short story, Ghulam Qadir, the main character, sees himself in the mirror of his newlywed wife and recognizes his weakness. He projects his weaknesses that mainly surface up after his marriage. He does not realize his own shortcomings; rather he puts the entire blame of his failures upon his wife, Shirin, who is committed to her, and does not resist to him like a typical rural woman of Pakistan. The setting of the story locates the rural area of the Punjab province of Pakistan. Ghulam Qadir gives different labels to her and one of the harsh label he uses against Shirin is Devil. This term reveals the psyche of Ghulam Qadir who conceives his wife as a sign of bad happenings, murders her, and commits suicide in the end. The very term, foremost, reflects the inmost of the Pakistani rural men who hold absolute power in the family and misuse the religious and cultural norms just in order to extend their long established hierarchical structure where woman is mere a subject to them. This study reveals that males of the rural areas of Pakistan express their psychological frustration over women and allege them by taking refuge under the umbrella of religion.
Pak-Afghan Relations Post 9/11: Amarat Islami Afghanistan and Afghan Peace Agreement and its Problems
Authors: Khan Abdul Sadiq , Tobawal Dr. Muhammad Usman
Published: December 2020

Pakistan is the most imperative neighbor for peaceful Afghanistan and the relationship between both countries is based on complex national understanding of regional threat perception. The analytical investigation of the Pak-Afghan engagement with respect to Afghan War represents that Pakistan impulsively calculated its strategic objectives under the influence of an urge to make an alliance against Indian hegemony in South Asia. Whereas, New Delhi’s primary target in Kabul was to stop Islamabad in coagulating a mutual block of Taliban that would be important to Pakistan at the time of crisis with India. The risk of prospective military assistance from Taliban to Kashmiri separatists was determined strategically by India. Recently, Indian Consulates in Afghanistan has coherently operated under the influence of infamous Ajit Doval Doctrine, to build an insurgency in Pakistan that focuses primarily on Pakistan's inner disruption by cross-border fighting, civilian targeting and proxy war. New Delhi is lobbying in Washington to enhance its diplomatic influence in Afghanistan and also bilaterally engaging with Afghan government to create favorable circumstances through its intelligence networks. After the U.S. attack on Afghanistan, India has founded a great opportunity to minimize Pakistan's strategically role in Afghanistan. The Taliban may eventually agree to dichotomy of power, but they are uncertain about their rigidly undemocratic leadership attitude. A two-level mode of governance is therefore likely to be included in the potential future political system of Afghanistan.
Analytical Study of Imam Shami’s Tafseeri Points to Quote Surat Al-Fattiha in Sublul Huda
Authors: Hurery Muhammad Akram , Nor Dr. Mohd Roslan Mohd
Published: December 2020

Imam Abdullah Muhammad bin Yusuf Shami RA (942 h) was one of the most important personalities in the history of Islam. He wrote many books in Islamic points of view. One of the most important and significant his book belongs to Seerah of Muhammad PBUH, which is in fourteen volumes. In that book, Imam Shami RA wrote many verses of the Holy Quran to describe Seerah of Holy Prophet PBUH. We added verses of Surat Al Fatiha in this article that are used in Imam Shami’s book (Sublul Huda Wal Rashad fi Seerat-e-Khair-e-Ebad) to know his Tafseeri points. He often wrote one verse of the Holy Quran at different places and chapters of Sublul Huda, and he got different meanings and concepts from that verse to narrate Seerah al Nabwya (pbuh) in Sublul Huda. In this article, it is analyzed the tafseeri points of Imam Sham with other mufassirin to get meanings from verses. What is the different way of Imam Shami to describes Seerat-ul-Nabi (pbuh) and what are the findings of tafseeri points discussed in Sublul Huda.
Iniciación de una Bibliografía biográfica del Perú
Authors: Ojeda Olivia
Published: December 2020

Catálogo -en elaboración- de la Biblioteca Nacional, con las fichas de cada libro que incluyen los años de nacimiento y muerte de su autor. Anexo al catálogo, el registro oficial de autores; en él se ordenan fichas con sus nombres, esas fechas y la indicación de las fuentes consultadas para obtenerlas. Constituye un auxiliar eficaz en la búsqueda de datos biográficos
El testamento de Diego de León Pinelo
Authors: Porras Barrenechea Raúl
Published: December 2020

Otro complemento al interesante trabajo del doctor Antonello Gerbi publicado en el número 2 de esta revista, es la publicación de un artículo de Raúl Porras Barrenechea que presenta el testamento inédito de Diego de León Pinelo, otorgado en Lima el 21 de abril de 1652 y el testamento del padre don Diego López de León, también llamado en algunos documentos Diego López de Lisboa, suscrito en Lima el 8 de marzo de 1644.
El libro, problema básico de la cultura peruana
Authors: Mariategui Jose Carlos
Published: December 2020

Presenta una selección de artículos de José Carlos Mariátegui donde plantea y esclarece problemas culturales y en particular, problemas vinculados a la difusión del libro. 

Los textos de Mariátegui seleccionados para esta edición son los siguientes: La Pobreza de la Biblioteca Nacional, El Índice Libro, El Problema Editorial y La Batalla del Libro.
Breve bibliografía sobre el Perú prehispánico
Authors: Hans Horkheimer
Published: December 2020

A continuación insertamos una parte del capítulo II de "El Perú prehispánico. Ensayo de un manual”, libro de Hans Horkheimer. Para su reproducción el texto fue ligeramente modificado y ampliado; no están incluidas las ilustraciones de la edición definitiva.
El Desarrollo de los Estudios Latinoamericanos en los Estados Unidos, 1939-1945
Authors: Hanke Lewis
Published: December 2020

El periodo 1939-1945 presenció un desarrollo inusitado de los estudios latinoamericanos en los Estados Unidos. Este se debió, en parte, a las actividades que durante la guerra cumplieron algunas dependencias del Gobierno tales como el Departamento de Estado y la Oficina del Coordinador de Asuntos Interamericanos, y al creciente interés que había en efectuar una labor académica de conjunto.
Notas para una bibliografía científica de Habich
Authors: de Losada y Puga Cristóbal
Published: December 2020

Lista de publicaciones matemáticas del eminente ingeniero polaco Eduardo I. de Habich (1837- 1910), la cual fue posible formular gracias a la amabilidad del Dr. Edmundo N. de Habich quien le regaló al autor del texto una colección de los trabajos de su padre.
Algunas cartas de Jorge Basadre
Authors: Basadre Jorge
Published: December 2020

Conjunto de  dieciséis cartas que fueron recibidas y enviadas entre 1943 y 1947 por Jorge Basadre. Entre los personajes encontraremos a los argentinos Ángel Rosemblat, Ezequiel Martínez Estrada y José Gabriel, peruanos como el historiador Guillermo Lohmann Villena, el ingeniero y matemático Cristóbal de Lozada y Puga y el importante librero Juan Mejía Baca, ex directores de la Biblioteca Nacional del Perú, el polifacético Luis Alberto Sánchez, el etnólogo Luis E. Valcárcel, el escritor Sebastián Salazar Bondy, y el entonces joven Luis Bedoya Reyes.