bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengembangan Antena Mikrostrip Susun untuk Radar Pengawas Pantai
Authors: Zulkiflia Fitri Yuli , Wahyu Yuyu , - Basari , Raharjo Eko Tjipto
Published: April 2017

Makalah ini membahas pengembangan antena mikrostrip yang disusun secara linier sebanyak empat elemen untuk aplikasi radar pengawas pantai. Teknik pencatuan yang digunakan untuk mencatu antena susun ini adalah proximity coupled. Desain antena menggunakan software CST microwave studio dan dirancang untuk bekerja di frekuensi 9,4 GHz. Hasil simulasi memperlihatkan impedance bandwidth antena pada return loss ≤ -9,54 dB adalah 760 MHz dari  9,34-10,1 GHz dan dari  hasil ukur  adalah 860 MHz dari frekuensi  9,35-10,21 GHz. Di samping itu, hasil simulasi menunjukkan half power beamwidth (HPBW) pada phi=0 sebesar 23,7o dengan sidelobe level (SLL) sebesar -12,03 dB, sementara pada phi=90 diperoleh  HPBW sebesar 77,2o dengan SLL tertekan sampai -19,78 dB. Sebagai tambahan, gain dari antena diperoleh sebesar 11,33 dB.  Adapun  hasil pengukuran menunjukkan hasil HPBW pada phi=0 sebesar 20o dengan SLL  sebesar -18,9 dB dan pada phi=90 diperoleh HPBW sebesar 65o dengan SLL -15,51 dB.
Microstructures, Magnetic Properties and Microwave Absorption Characteristics of Ti2+ -Mn4+Substituted Barium Hexaferrite
Authors: Manawan Maykel , Manaf Azwar , Soegijono Bambang , Hercuadi Asep Yudi
Published: April 2017

The effect of Ti2+-Mn4+substitution on microwave absorption has been studied for BaFe12-2xTixMnxO19 ferrite, where x varies from 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8.Ti2+-Mn4+ ions were obtained from TiO and MnO2 precursors which were mechanically alloyed together with BaCO3 and Fe2O3 precursors. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns for sintered samples confirmed that the materials are consisted with single phase BHF structure. Unit cell volume and crystallite size was found increase with increasing x. Crystallite size for all samples below 70 nm, but the grain morphology shown that the grains is in range of 200 - 400 nm, which concluded that each grain are polycrystalline. The saturation magnetization is increases up to x = 0.4 and decrease for higher x values, while the coercivity remains decreases monotonically. These results were interpreted in terms of the site preferential occupation of Ti2+ and Mn4+ at low level substitution.These substitution revealed of enhanced reflection loss (RL) up to 25 dB forx=0.6.It suggested that the synthesized can be employed as effective microwave absorbers in various devices.
Cardiac hypertrophy and IGF-1 response to testosterone propionate treatment in trained male rats
Authors: Żebrowska Aleksandra , Sadowska-Krępa Ewa , Jagsz Sławomir , Kłapcińska Barbara , Langfort Józef
Published: April 2017

Objective

Several studies have suggested that testosterone exerts a growth-promoting effect in the heart. Limited data are available regarding interactions between possible endocrine/paracrine effects in response to exercise training. Therefore, we examined supraphysiological testosterone-induced heart hypertrophy and cardiac insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 content in sedentary and exercise-trained rats.

Design

Male Wistar rats (n=33) were randomly allocated to groups with a 6-week endurance training with or without testosterone, and sedentary animals with or without testosterone. The hormone (20 mg/250 g body weight was administrated once a week for six weeks. After six weeks the animals were anesthetized, euthanized and the heart was excised and weighed. The left ventricle was separated for biochemical analyses.

Results

Testosterone-treated animals showed significantly higher cardiac IGF-1 content compared to untreated control and trained groups (p=0.01). The administration of supraphysiological testosterone significantly increased the heart weight to body weight ratio (HW/BW, p<0.01). A significant positive correlation was seen between IGF-1 levels and the HW/BW ratio (p=0.002; r=0.50) and between serum total testosterone levels and HW/BW (p=0.000; r=0.79).

Conclusions

The results demonstrate that increased cardiac IGF-1 content in response to higher serum testosterone might be responsible for heart hypertrophy observed in both sedentary and endurance-trained animals.
Synthesis and characterization of small size fluorescent LEEH caped blue emission ZnTe quantum dots
Authors: Patnaik Sumanta Kumar , Triapthy Sukanta Kumar , Sahu Surendra Nath
Published: April 2017

We report here for the first time the synthesis of LEEH caped very small size (2 nm) ZnTe quantum dots at low temperature (less than 100 °C) using a simple chemical route. The effects of aging and stirring time on the absorption spectra of the quantum dots were investigated. The synthesized nanocrystal (NC) was characterized by PL, TEM, XRD and the formation of very small size quantum dots having FCC structure was confirmed. Further, blue emission from the prepared sample was observed during exposure to monochromatic UV radiation. ZnTe NCs obtained in this study were found to be more stable compared to those presented in literature reports. ZnTe NCs may be considered as a new material in place of CdTe for optoelectronics devices.
Synthesis and electro-optical properties of fluorene containing blue luminescent rod-coil homopolymers with pendant pyridine
Authors: Sahu Duryodhan , Chakroborty Subhendu
Published: April 2017

Two well defined, blue luminescent homopolymers containing 9,9-diethylfluorene core with electron withdrawing pendant pyridine, Suzuki-coupled with the corresponding borolane of decoxy phenyl (PFPA) and naphthalene (PFNA) have been designed and synthesized efficiently. The obtained rod-coil polymers have the average molecular weight of 15212 (PFPA) and 15130 (PFNA) with polydispersity indices (PDIs) 1.07 and 1.3, respectively. The polymers have good solubility and high thermal stability with the decomposition temperature of 362 °C (PFPA) and 367 °C (PFNA) correspondingly. Furthermore the optical and electrochemical properties of the polymers have been investigated. The polymers exhibited photoluminescence (PL) maxima at 410 nm (PFPA) and 414 nm (PFNA) excited at 340 nm, as stable blue luminescence polymers at low concentration of 10−6M with a quantum yield of 0.64 and 0.62, respectively. In addition the annealed (150 °C) polymer films showed better stability of its photoluminescence spectra. Absorbance and fluorescence emission spectra of PFPA and PFNA were compared in order to evaluate the effects of substituent, phenyl and naphthalene in pyridine pendant fluorene moieties.
Mathematical analysis of the impact mechanism of information platform on agro-product supply chain and agro-product competitiveness
Authors: Jiang Qi-Jie , Jin Mao-Zhu , Ren Pei-Yu
Published: April 2017

How to optimize agro-product supply chain to promote its operating efficiency so as to enhance the competitiveness of regional agricultural products has posed a problem to academic circles, business circles and governments of various levels. One way to solve this problem is to introduce an information platform into the supply chain, which this essay focuses on. Firstly, a review of existing research findings concerning the agro-product competitiveness, agro-product supply chain (ASC) and information platform was given. Secondly, we constructed a mathematical model to analyze the impact of information platform on the bullwhip effect in ASC. Thirdly, another mathematical model was constructed to help compare and analyze the impact of information platform on information acquisition of members in ASC. The research results show that the implantation of information platform can mitigate the bullwhip effect in ASC, and members can determine order amount or production more close to the actual market demand. And also the information platform can reduce the time for members in ASC to get information from other members. Besides, information platform can help ASC to alleviate information asymmetry among upstream and downstream members. Furthermore, researches about the operating mechanism and pattern, technical feature and running structure of the information platform, along with their impacts on agro-product supply chain and the competitiveness of agricultural products need to be advanced.
Oil exploration oriented multi-sensor image fusion algorithm
Authors: Xiaobing Zhang , Wei Zhou , Mengfei Song
Published: April 2017

In order to accurately forecast the fracture and fracture dominance direction in oil exploration, in this paper, we propose a novel multi-sensor image fusion algorithm. The main innovations of this paper lie in that we introduce Dual-tree complex wavelet transform (DTCWT) in data fusion and divide an image to several regions before image fusion. DTCWT refers to a new type of wavelet transform, and it is designed to solve the problem of signal decomposition and reconstruction based on two parallel transforms of real wavelet. We utilize DTCWT to segment the features of the input images and generate a region map, and then exploit normalized Shannon entropy of a region to design the priority function. To test the effectiveness of our proposed multi-sensor image fusion algorithm, four standard pairs of images are used to construct the dataset. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can achieve high accuracy in multi-sensor image fusion, especially for images of oil exploration.
Fibroblast growth factor-23 concentrations in polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Kan Seyfullah , Kızılgül Muhammed , Çulha Cavit , Arslan Müyesser Sayki , Apaydın Mahmut , Çalışkan Mustafa , Demirci Taner , Çelik Bülent , Çakal Erman
Published: April 2017

Objective

This study was designed to compare the serum concentrations of Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) among patients with PCOS and healthy subjects and to evaluate the relation between the hormonal and metabolic parameters.

Methods

Forty patients with PCOS were compared with 40 healthy individuals in a case-control study design. The Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM-sponsored PCOS Consensus Workshop Group 2003 guideline criteria were used in the diagnosis of PCOS. Serum intact FGF23 concentrations were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results

Mean serum FGF23 concentrations were similar between PCOS group and control group (19.73±16.75 pg/mL and 17.20±9.26 pg/mL, p>0.05). Waist circumference, hip circumference, total testosterone, Ferriman-Gallwey (FG) score and hsCRP were significantly higher in the PCOS group (p<0.001). The concentrations of LH, DHEA-S, FSH, insulin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HOMA-IR were significantly higher in the PCOS group when compared to control group (p<0.05). FGF23 concentrations did not correlate with BMI, fasting glucose and insulin, HOMA-IR and lipid parameters.

Conclusions

FGF23 concentrations were similar in the PCOS group compared with the non-PCOS control group. The present findings may suggest that FGF23 is not a useful marker of metabolic disturbances including insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and obesity in PCOS.
Three-Component Generalisation of Burgers Equation and Its Bi-Hamiltonian Structures
Authors: Liu Wei , Geng Xianguo , Xue Bo
Published: April 2017

A hierarchy of three-component generalisation of Burgers equation, which is associated with a 3×3 matrix eigenvalue problem, is generated by using the zero-curvature equation. By means of the trace identity, the bi-Hamiltonian structures of this hierarchy are constructed. Moreover, the infinite conservation laws for the hierarchy are obtained with the aid of spectral parameter expansion.
Peripheral Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-α) Modulates Amyloid Pathology by Regulating Blood-Derived Immune Cells and Glial Response in the Brain of AD/TNF Transgenic Mice
Authors: Paouri Evi , Tzara Ourania , Kartalou Georgia-Ioanna , Zenelak Sofia , Georgopoulos Spiros
Published: April 2017

Increasing evidence has suggested that systemic inflammation along with local brain inflammation can play a significant role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Identifying key molecules that regulate the crosstalk between the immune and the CNS can provide potential therapeutic targets. TNF-α is a proinflammatory cytokine implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and AD. Recent studies have reported that anti-TNF-α therapy or RA itself can modulate AD pathology, although the underlying mechanism is unclear. To investigate the role of peripheral TNF-α as a mediator of RA in the pathogenesis of AD, we generated double-transgenic 5XFAD/Tg197 AD/TNF mice that develop amyloid deposits and inflammatory arthritis induced by human TNF-α (huTNF-α) expression. We found that 5XFAD/Tg197 mice display decreased amyloid deposition, compromised neuronal integrity, and robust brain inflammation characterized by extensive gliosis and elevated blood-derived immune cell populations, including phagocytic macrophages and microglia. To evaluate the contribution of peripheral huTNF-α in the observed brain phenotype, we treated 5XFAD/Tg197 mice systemically with infliximab, an anti-huTNF-α antibody that does not penetrate the blood–brain barrier and prevents arthritis. Peripheral inhibition of huTNF-α increases amyloid deposition, rescues neuronal impairment, and suppresses gliosis and recruitment of blood-derived immune cells, without affecting brain huTNF-α levels. Our data report, for the first time, a distinctive role for peripheral TNF-α in the modulation of the amyloid phenotype in mice by regulating blood-derived and local brain inflammatory cell populations involved in β-amyloid clearance.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMounting evidence supports the active involvement of systemic inflammation, in addition to local brain inflammation, in Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. TNF-α is a pluripotent cytokine that has been independently involved in the pathogenesis of systemic inflammatory rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and AD. Here we first demonstrate that manipulation of peripheral TNF-α in the context of arthritis modulates the amyloid phenotype by regulating immune cell trafficking in the mouse brain. Our study suggests that additionally to its local actions in the AD brain, TNF-α can also indirectly modulate amyloid pathology as a regulator of peripheral inflammation. Our findings may have significant implications in the treatment of RA patients with anti-TNF-α drugs and in the potential use of TNF-targeted therapies for AD.
“Happy for John Hay That He Is Dead”
Authors: DuBois Daniel M.
Published: April 2017

This article examines the response by U.S.-educated Chinese to the international debate over the recognition of the Republic of China. In their private and public writings, these students viewed China’s struggle for recognition as part of the country’s bigger problem of securing allies in a world overpowered by imperialism and exploitation. While certain that the “monarchical powers” of Europe and Japan were using recognition as a tool to further extort the Chinese government, the students stressed that the United States could be counted on to stand up for China, based on the United States’ purported commitment to freedom and fairness. The question of recognition ultimately became a test of the Open Door Policy, which the students interpreted as a U.S. guarantee of Chinese sovereignty. This article provides a fresh interpretation of the recognition of the Chinese Republic while also reframing the Open Door by linking it to the notion of U.S. exceptionalism.
Gene body DNA methylation conspires with H3K36me3 to preclude aberrant transcription
Authors: Teissandier Aurélie , Bourc'his Déborah
Published: April 2017

DNA methylation of promoters is well known for its repressive effect on transcription initiation of protein‐coding genes, non‐coding RNAs, or transposon repeats. However, gene bodies represent the most conserved targets of DNA methylation among eukaryotes, and yet the function of intragenic methylation remains unclear. Recent research (Neri et al, ) suggests that intragenic methylation may serve to confine transcription initiation to canonical promoters in embryonic stem cells, thus preventing the production of aberrant transcripts.
Reseña. Gomes, Miguel (2015). “Retrato de un caballero”. Caracas: Seix Barral. pp. 237
Authors: Osorio Amoretti Omar
Published: April 2017

Luego de un poco más de dos décadas de producción literaria dedicadas al género narrativo breve, la aparición de Retrato de un caballero, por parte de Miguel Gomes (Caracas, 1964) es un hecho como mínimo noticioso dentro del mundo de la literatura nacional. Desde la publicación de Visión memorable (1987) hasta Julieta en su castillo (2012), han visto la luz nada menos que ocho libros compuestos de cuentos y un par de noveletas, generando la impresión de estar ante un “cuentista absoluto” a la manera de Julio Garmendia, Gustavo Díaz Solís o Igor Delgado Senior. Hasta ahora.
Application of Downhole Micro-seismic Technique in Shale Gas Fracturing Optimization of Fuling, China
Authors: Huang Zhongyao , Gao Dongwei , Liao Rugang , Liu Lizhi , Ting Li
Published: April 2017

The downhole micro-seismic method has successfully applied to well fractory fracturing development in Jiaoshiba block, Fuling shale gas reservoir in September 2015. The new concept and understanding have accumulated. Combing the actual construction condition of micro-seismic monitoring in JY AA-BB well groups, we reviewed briefly the downhole micro-seismic monitoring technology and then summarized multi-disciplinary experience and understanding. The staged fracturing process level improved and productivity increased with the further development of shale gas field. Results show that the understanding of micro-seismic method has played a guiding role in the optimization of fracturing process and site construction adjustment of other wells in the same area, which increased the productivity and created a huge economic benefits with a broad market prospects.
Structural, Morphological, Topographical Characterization of Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes Metal Substrates for Solar Cell Application
Authors: Mpheleki Lupiwana  , Raymond Taziwa  , Edson Meyer  , David Katwire
Published: April 2017

High demand on energy conversion in DSSC, requires development of well-organized TiO2 nanotube structures because of their large surface area-to-volume ratio, superior lifetime and provision of optimal pathways for electron percolation. In this work multi-layered Titanium dioxide nanotubes (MTNTs) have been fabricated by an electrochemical anodization technique. MTNTs were annealed at 350‚°C, 450‚°C, 550‚°C and 650‚°C. The structural and morphological properties of the MTNTs have been evaluated by XRD, Confocal Raman Microscopy (CRM) through Large Area Scan (LAS), Depth Profiling (DP) and SEM analysis. SEM-EDX has been employed for element elucidation of TNTs. SEM analysis has revealed the change in surface with increase in annealing temperature. Moreover SEM analysis has revealed the presence of porous and MTNTs for the samples annealed at 350‚°C and 650‚°C with modal pore size of 35.56 nm and 31.05 nm respectively. EDX analysis has revealed that the fabricated MTNTs consist of Ti and O atoms. CRM has confirmed the presence of Anatase phase TiO2 with Raman vibration modes at 142.37 cm-1, 199.04 cm-1, 394.67 cm-1, 516.16 cm-1 and 639.29 cm-1with the Rutile phase TiO2 with Raman vibration modes at 445.26 cm-1 and 612.07 cm-1. The XRD analysis has revealed that the MTNTs consist of multiphase Anatase and Rutile phase depending on the annealing temperature. AFM has confirmed the existence of porous nano-tubular structure for all samples.
PRATARMĖ
Authors: Maskaliūnienė Nijolė
Published: April 2017

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KAS IR KAIP VERS IŠ RUSŲ KALBOS IR Į RUSŲ KALBĄ? RUSŲ KALBOS VERTĖJŲ RENGIMAS LIETUVOJE
Authors: Brazauskienė Jelena , Miškinienė Irena
Published: April 2017

Straipsnyje nagrinėjama aktuali Lietuvoje vertimo iš rusų kalbos ir į rusų kalbą ko­kybės problema. Apžvelgiamas rusų kalbos funkcionavimas bei visuomenės po­reikis, susijęs su vertimu, kaip tarpininku tarp bendraujančių subjektų ir kultūrų. Vertimo lygis šalyje prastas dėl to, kad trūksta profesionalių vertėjų iš rusų kalbos ir į rusų kalbą bei nėra viešąją rusų kalbą ir vertimą kontroliuojančios institucijos. Straipsnyje nurodomos susidariusios situacijos priežastys bei siūlomi būdai kelia­mai problemai spręsti.
THE GREEK SOURCESOF THE GOTHIC BIBLE TRANSLATION
Authors: Ratkus Artūras
Published: April 2017

Almost all of what we know about the structure and properties of Gothic comes from the Gothic translation of the New Testament from Greek. No analysis of Gothic syntax is therefore feasible without reference to the Greek original. This is problematic, however, as the autograph that was used in translating the Bible into Gothic does not exist, and the choice of the Greek edition of the New Testament for comparative study is a matter of debate. The article argues that, in spite of the general structural affinity of the Gothic text to the Greek, the numerous observed deviations from the Greek represent authentic properties of Gothic—it has been argued in the literature, based on such deviations, that Gothic is an SOV language. A comparison of the Gothic Bible and different versions of the Greek New Testa­ment gives a taxonomy of structural and linguistic differences. Based on this, I ar­gue that the correct version of the Greek Bible to use when analysing the structural properties of Gothic is the Byzantine text form, represented by the Majority Text of the New Testament.
PROFICIENCY IN READING, WRITING AND TRANSLATION SKILLS: ESP ASPECT
Authors: Kavaliauskienė Galina , Kaminskienė Ligija
Published: April 2017

This paper addresses, first, students‘ attitudes to reading, writing and translating in English as a foreign language for specific purposes and, second, to self-evaluation of proficiency in these skills. The problem of translation is closely confined to the two skills of reading and writing. The investigation has aimed at gathering verbal and written data from the students at university for making informed decisions to ensure effective language learning.Translation trains the reader to search (flexibility) for the most appropriate words (accuracy) to convey what is meant (clarity).A. Duff
KALBOS TEMPO IR SINCHRONINIO VERTIMO KOKYBĖS SĄVEIKA
Authors: Dailidėnaitė Alina , Noreikaitė Viktorija
Published: April 2017

Kiekvienas vertėjas žodžiu, siekdamas kuo tiksliau ir sklandžiau išversti tai, ką sako kalbėtojas, turi susidoroti su papildomais vertimą sunkinančiais veiksniais. Šiame straipsnyje nagrinėjamas vienas tokių veiksnių – greitas kalbos tempas ir stebima, kaip jis veikia sinchroninio vertimo kokybę verčiant iš anglų kalbos į lietuvių kalbą. Straipsnyje remiamasi prielaida, kad kuo greitesnis kalbėjimo tempas, tuo daugiau klaidų sinchroniniame vertime ir vertimo kokybė prastesnė. Dėmesys kreipiamas į dvi pagrindines klaidų rūšis – turinio ir sklandumo klaidas. Siekiant įgyvendinti užsibrėžtus uždavinius atliekamas kokybinis tyrimas. Atlikta kiekybinė ir kokybinė gautų duomenų analizė rodo, kad dėl greito kalbos tempo labiausiai nukenčia sinchroninio vertimo turinys. Vertimo sklandumą greitas kalbos tempas veikia įvairiai – atskirų vertėjų vertimo sklandumas buvo nevienodas. Tai priklauso nuo vertėjo vertimo įpročių, taikomų strategijų ir turimos sinchroninio vertimo patirties. Straipsnyje įvardijamos pagrindinės priežastys, dėl kurių vertėjams buvo sunkiau versti greito tempo kalbą. Tai dėmesio paskirstymo problema, galimas per didelis atsilikimas nuo kalbėtojo, pažodinis vertimas, nemokėjimas greitai apibendrinti. Taip pat atkreipiamas dėmesys į tai, ko vertėjai galėtų išmokti iš atlikto tyrimo rezultatų, siūloma taikyti atitinkamas priemones, kad vertimas būtų kuo kokybiškesnis, patariama lavinti gebėjimą atsilikti nuo kalbėtojo ir apibendrinti girdimą kalbą.
VERTĖJO AMATAS
Authors: Verdiani Vera
Published: April 2017

Vera Verdiani – italų vertėja. Florencijos universitete baigusi slavų filologijos studijas, pradėjo mokyti prancūzų kalbos mokyklose ir versti iš lenkų ir prancūzų kalbų. Vertėja bendradarbiauja su įvairiomis Italijos leidyklomis („Feltrinelli“, „Mondadori“, „Il Mulino“, „Einaudi“ ir kt.), verčia prozą ir pjeses teatrui. 1991 m. apdovanota žurnalo Kultura vertėjams įsteigta K. A. Jelenskiego premija, o 1994 m. − Lenkijos premija vertėjams „Zaiks“.
O testemunho no romance A costa dos murmúrios, de Lidia Jorge
Authors: Porto Marisel Valerio , Martins Aulus Mandagará
Published: April 2017

O artigo tem por objetivo investigar o teor testemunhal da narrativa A costa dos murmúrios, da escritora portuguesa Lídia Jorge. Para tanto, conta-se com o aporte teórico do conceito de testemunho para verificar em que medida a narrativa apreende uma determinada experiência em relação à Guerra Colonial moçambicana.********************************************************************Testimony in the novel A costa dos murmúrios, by Lidia JorgeAbstract: The purpose of this article is to investigate the testimonial tenor of the narrative A costa dos murmúrios, by the portuguese writer Lídia Jorge. For this we have the testemony notion as theoretical contribution to verify to what extent the narrative seizes a particular experience in relation to Mozambican Colonial War.Keywords: literature; testimony; A costa dos Murmúrios; Lidia Jorge.
Uma outra ideia de liberdade. Entrevista com Eduardo Lourenço em torno dos libertinos
Authors: Sousa Rui
Published: April 2017

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La justicia laboral del liberalismo costarricense “entre arriba y abajo”: La visión de los trabajadores y las trabajadoras (1821 - 1910)
Authors: Sánchez Lovell Adriana
Published: April 2017

Este artículo discute las vivencias de las y los trabajadores costarricenses en relación con la justicia laboral durante el periodo comprendido entre 1821 y 1900. Para ello se analiza el surgimiento de las leyes contra la vagancia, las cuales surgieron para resolver por la vía institucionalizada buena parte de la conflictividad social de la época. Aquí se analiza el contexto en el cual se enmarca la aplicación de éstas leyes, y se observan las mismas en dos periodos: las primeras décadas de vida independiente y las últimas décadas del S. XIX. Teóricamente me inspiro en la Historia de abajo arriba, que permite ver las relaciones entre trabajadores y patronos con la intermediación de la justicia estatal. Metodológicamente me basé en el estudio de casos.
Presentación
Authors: Viales Hurtado Ronny , Díaz Arias David
Published: April 2017

Dedicatoria
Poverty Alleviation through Tourism Development A Comprehensive and Integrated Approach
Authors: Bartels Villanueva Jorge
Published: April 2017

En la gran mayoría de la literatura que aborda el estudio del turismo, losautores afirman que los efectos del turismo no contribuyen a reducir la pobreza, más bien ayuda a reforzar la desigualdad. En la propuesta de este libro, los autores discuten sobre los efectos del turismo, argumentando que este no puede automáticamente aliviar pobreza, pero su esfuerzo va dirigido a mostrar que sí se constituye en un elemento significativo para conseguir ese objetivo.Ver documento
Mujeres, noviazgo y trabajo. Una experiencia en la provincia de Buenos Aires, 1906-1910
Authors: De Paz Trueba Yolanda , Bracamonte Lucía
Published: April 2017

Durante el siglo XIX y en los albores del XX, la escritura de cartas fue el medio más difundido para establecer comunicación con personas a la distancia, pese a lo cual, cuando hablamos de la escritura epistolar de entonces, tendemos a pensar en mujeres de la élite que tenían acceso a cierta educación. Sin embargo, existen indicios de que escribir cartas era también una práctica de la clase trabajadora, como lo demuestra el caso de Rosa, la protagonista de la historia que nos proponemos contar aquí. De este modo, el presente artículo se basa en un corpus documental que implica un desafío: partir de un conjunto de cartas de amor producidas por una mujer trabajadora, buscando por su intermedio adentrarnos en una relación entre dos personas y avanzar al mismo tiempo en otras direcciones. Pretendemos  ir más allá de esa dimensión y de la vida privada para estar atentas a las concepciones y experiencias en torno al noviazgo y el matrimonio.En síntesis, buscamos, a través de Rosa, una mujer de la clase trabajadora del interior de la provincia de Buenos Aires, pensar en el amor como experiencia.
Estadísticas sociodemográficas de los estudiantes de la segunda enseñanza pública. Costa Rica (1913-1953). Una contribución documental
Authors: Molina Jiménez Iván
Published: April 2017

En este artículo, se compilan, se sistematizan y se ordenan un conjunto de estadísticas sobre los estudiantes que asistían a los colegios públicos en Costa Rica en el período 1913-1953. La información que se presenta es útil para analizar las características sociodemográficas de los jóvenes que continuaban su educación más allá de la escuela primaria. Los datos están ordenados según los siguientes criterios: edad, origen geográfico, nacionalidad, lugar de residencia, ocupación de los padres, condición socio-familiar, becas y exenciones de matrícula,  aspiraciones y motivos, procedencia institucional, y estudios posteriores y de puestos públicos.
El gasto militar del Estado costarricense, 1821-1870.
Authors: Corella Ovares Esteban
Published: April 2017

El presente artículo examina la relación entre los gastos militares del Estado costarricense y la conformación de una Hacienda Pública, durante las primeras cinco décadas de vida independiente. Durante ese período se dio un crecimiento importante de las fuerzas militares, y en consecuencia de los recursos económicos asignados a éstas por parte de las autoridades. La construcción de los mecanismos para obtener, administrar y gastar  esos recursos económicos favoreció la consolidación del Estado moderno en Costa Rica.
Cambio institucional global a fines del siglo XX: Conexiones entre Latinoamérica y Europa Central.
Authors: Riojas López Carlos
Published: April 2017

El objetivo es exponer cómo se intrincaron los diferentes procesos de cambio institucional en América Latina y Europa Central en un contexto de transformación global. Para lograr tal acometido se ofrece una mirada interconectada de los índices de desarrollo humano y de educación con la finalidad de explorar una eventual relación entre estos índices y los avances de las iniciativas democratizadoras en ambos subcontinentes. Algunos teóricos del neo-institucionalismo económico mencionan que los niveles educativos tienen el potencial de impactar la velocidad de la transformación institucional, sin embargo, se argumenta en este artículo que esta variable explica parte del proceso, pero no todo el fenómeno en su conjunto.
Indirect tensile strength of UHSC reinforced with steel fibres and its correlation with compressive strength
Authors: Bae Baek-Il , Choi Hyun-Ki , Lee Moon-Sung , Choi Chang-Sik
Published: April 2017

Ultra-high-strength (UHS) fibre-reinforced concrete (FRC) has a much larger tensile strength than normal concrete and engineers should thus consider the tensile strength as a design parameter. However, in the current design codes, the tensile strength of concrete is not considered a major design parameter. It is therefore difficult to design UHS FRC structures using the current design codes. In this study, the indirect tensile strength of UHS FRC was investigated by tests and statistical evaluations. The tensile strength of UHS FRC was found to have a correlation with compressive strength and the content of fibre reinforcement. The indirect tensile strength, splitting strength and flexural strength were influenced by the compressive strength of concrete in an exponential form and also increased with increasing fibre contents. Using this observation and test data from the literature, the effects of compressive strength and fibre content on the indirect tensile strength increase ratio was investigated. Using regression analysis, prediction equations for calculating the indirect tensile strength of UHS FRC were developed, considering the concrete compressive strength and fibre content simultaneously.
Atbash cipher design for secure nanocommunication using QCA
Authors: Das Jadav Chandra , De Debashis
Published: April 2017

Quantum dot cellular automata (QCA) are a rising paradigm at the nanotechnology level that seems to be an alternative solution to complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor circuits. QCA have high device density, high switching speed and extremely low power consumption. The hardware architecture of cryptographic systems is a major issue in terms of power dissipation and circuit density in formulating secure nanocomputing channels. Cryptography can be the most promising application of QCA, which has not yet been much explored. This paper describes the design of the Atbash cipher in QCA for the first time. The proposed design requires only a 0·223 µm2 area, six majority gates, nine inverters and four clocking zones and has a latency of 1·25. The proposed circuit consumes very little power and thus can be resistant to power analysis attack against communication networks. During implementation, several issues such as clocking and device density are considered. To evaluate the circuit, an 8-bit sequence of data – that is, 1-byte stream of data – of plain text at a time is used as an input to the proposed circuit. The comparison of simulation results with theoretical knowledge confirms the functional efficiency of the circuit.
Vorticity filaments beneath regular turbulent flow
Authors: Mukaro R
Published: April 2017

Two-dimensional vorticity flow fields created in the wake of a plunging breaker were investigated for regular turbulent flow at a Reynolds number of 30 000. Velocity flow fields obtained from an earlier study that had employed digital particle image velocimetry, were analysed to determine vorticity shedding patterns and the interactions between the vorticity filaments as flow progressed. Central difference approximations were applied to the velocity fields to determine vorticity at each point in the field. Most of the strong instantaneous vorticity observed in the flow field was in the form of filaments. A hierarchy of filaments of different lengths were observed, with the longest being as long as the height of the wave used. During the early phases of the flow, instantaneous vorticity tended to organise into thin filaments of counter-rotating pairs. Eventually, the co-rotating vorticity filaments coalesced and ultimately merged in the turbulent flow as flow progressed, while counter-rotating vorticity filaments were cancelled by viscous dissipation. The results suggested that filaments travel more slowly than the wave velocity and drifted towards the bed as they became elongated, and the number of filaments remaining in the flow were observed to decrease as flow progressed. Whereas phase-resolved instantaneous vorticity results showed pairs of counter-rotating vorticity filaments near the crest, the phase-averaged vorticity description of flow fields showed a dominant primary positive vorticity filament around the shear boundary layer.
La Educación inclusiva en la realidad educativa chilena
Authors: Vásquez Burgos Karina , Mancilla Guzmán Carlos Ángel , Muñoz Cárdenas Victor Daniel , Obreque Jara Jesse Andrés
Published: April 2017

La presente revisión teórica pretende dar a conocer la realidad chilena actual sobre el cambio curricular, que apunta a una visión inclusiva de la educación. Este estudio se realizó por medio de una revisión bibliográfica del contexto en la cual se encuentra la educación chilena y su relación con las Necesidades Educativas Especiales, a través de un análisis educativo de la legislación y el curriculum educativo, destacando aspectos fundamentales sobre una estructura metodológica diversificada. Se concluye con una visualización sobre el cambio en la legislación y los factores que son relevantes para una educación diversificada, inclusiva  y para todos los estudiantes. 
Preferencias de Universidad y Carreras con mayor demanda en la Región San Martín 2017 - 2019
Authors: Paz Vilchez José Eber , López Díaz Kimberly , Romero Chinguel Lory Clarita
Published: April 2017

La presente investigación se desarrolló en el departamento de San Martin. El objetivo principal de este estudio es conocer las preferencias demandadas por los estudiantes al momento de elegir una carrera universitaria, así también la preferencia de la universidad para realizar sus estudios superiores. El método de estudio fue de tipo descriptivo, de diseño transversal. La población de estudio estuvo conformada por 1435 estudiantes de 14 a 20 años que vienen cursando del 3er año al 5to de secundaria la cual se tuvo como referencia las Provincias y Distritos de la Región San Martín. Tarapoto, Rioja, Moyobamba, Nueva Cajamarca, Juanjui, Yurimaguas, Bellavista Lamas y Tocache. Se aplicó el instrumento que se utilizó para medir las preferencias de las carreras más demandantes. Por las cuales se realizaron diferentes preguntas, basadas la elección de una carrera y el centro educativo donde estudiar. El resultado  obtenido ubica en primer lugar a la Universidad Nacional de San Martín con un 25.6%, (368), seguido por la Universidad Peruana Unión con un 18.8% (270), teniendo como carreras banderas medicina con 15.7% (225), seguido por Ingeniería civil 14.4% (217) y Administración de Empresas 11.2% (161). Se concluye que en la Región de San Martín existe demanda por las Universidades y carreras tradicionales. 
Capacidades institucionales para la vinculación científico-tecnologica en una universidad de gestión estatal
Authors: Fernanda Di Meglio
Published: April 2017

Desde una perspectiva teórica proveniente de la ciencia política, en este artículo se identifican y analizan las distintas capacidades institucionales universitarias implicadas en el desarrollo de la política de vinculación científico-tecnológica en una universidad argentina de gestión estatal. Los datos empíricos en los que se basa esta investigación se generaron a través de análisis documental proveniente de la universidad objeto de estudio y se complementó con entrevistas semi-estructuradas aplicadas a distintos funcionarios vinculados a  la temática. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la universidad estudiada desarrolló capacidades institucionales vinculadas a la creación de una estructura de interacción ad hoc que cumple la función de enlace entre el entorno y la universidad, a la implementación de una política de incentivos para promover la participación de la comunidad
Evaluación científica a las teorías del origen de la vida e inclusión del modelo bíblico como una explicación alternativa
Authors: Álvarez García Andrés , Gamboa Hernández Idiany , García Jhony Alberto , Cedeño Pincay Raúl , Bolaños Cubides Richard
Published: April 2017

El objetivo de esta investigación consiste en evaluar de forma sucinta las principales teorías del origen de la vida y proponer razones puntuales para considerar el relato bíblico como una alternativa confiable respecto a los orígenes. La investigación tiene un enfoque cualitativo de carácter descriptivo. Para la recolección de datos se emplea la técnica de fichaje bibliográfico, que permite organizar el estado del arte de las teorías del origen de la vida y del relato del Génesis. Diversos autores y líneas investigativas enlistan características que se relacionan con la aparición de la vida, pero no existe una definición clara de vida en la comunidad científica. Las teorías del mundo del RNA, la panspermia, y las membranas prebiológicas abordan el origen de la vida desde un enfoque abiogénico, gradualista y evolutivo. Por otro lado, en la protología del Antiguo Cercano Oriente se encuentra el relato del Génesis bíblico como una narrativa histórica, secuencial y amítica, que tiene características diferenciadoras respecto a las cosmogonías sincrónicas del Enuma Elish, Eridu Genesis y Atrahasis. En conclusión, las teorías actuales del origen de la vida comportan limitaciones significativas en su abordaje, lo cual dilucida la posibilidad de considerar el texto Bíblico de la creación como una teoría alternativa al origen de la vida.
Do viralatismo à crítica engajada: a ambivalência nas crônicas de Juca Kfouri em tempos de megaeventos esportivos
Authors: Couto Euclides de Freitas , Valente Alan Castellano
Published: April 2017

Este texto trata da ambivalência presente nas crônicas de autoria de Juca Kfouri, publicadas no jornal Folha de S. Paulo, nos períodos de cobertura jornalística dos megaeventos esportivos realizados no Brasil nos anos de 2014 (Copa do Mundo – FIFA) e 2016 (Jogos Olímpicos). Tentamos demonstrar, por meio da análise do conjunto das publicações, que a perspectiva analítica do autor transita entre os pressupostos da mestiçagem difundidos por Gilberto Freyre na década de 1930 e do jornalismo engajado das esquerdas.
Literatura, esportes e regionalismo no Brasil: O Grande Desportista, de Pascoal Toti Filho
Authors: Dias Cleber
Published: April 2017

Trabalhos que analisam livros ficcionais sobre esporte destacam o potencial dessas obras de codificar e divulgar percepções que exprimam uma escala de valores a respeito desta prática. No Brasil, tais análises têm enfatizado o uso da literatura como recurso para articulação de uma identidade nacional, exagerando o papel desempenhado por obras e escritores de regiões metropolitanas, ao mesmo tempo em que ocultam, em contrapartida, a diversidade regional que afetou esse campo de atividades. Além das obras de nomes literários consagrados ou publicadas nos centros metropolitanos brasileiros, uma literatura ficcional e jornalística sobre esporte teve lugar também em regiões do hinterland brasileiro. Com o propósito de revelar parte desta diversidade, este artigo apresenta e analisa o romance O grande desportista, de Pascoal Toti Filho, publicado em 1922, em Uberaba, Minas Gerais. O artigo enfatiza dois assuntos facilmente destacáveis como elementos para análise histórica na obra: as relações de gênero e geopolíticas entre a capital de São Paulo e o interior de Minas Gerais.
Functional dyspepsia and the role of digestive enzymes supplement in its therapy
Authors: Swami Onkar C. , Shah Neel J.
Published: April 2017

Functional dyspepsia represents a heterogeneous group of gastrointestinal disorders marked by the presence of upper abdominal pain or discomfort. Reported prevalence of dyspepsia in the world varies from 11-30%. Basic Pathophysiology of functional dyspeptic symptoms is unclear and is considered to occur due to a combination of visceral hypersensitivity, gastric motor dysfunction and psychological factors. Strategies such as acid suppression, prokinetics and H. pylori eradication have been used with some success. Transient deficiency in digestive enzymes is one of the contributors for functional dyspepsia. The primary digestive enzymes are proteases, amylases and lipases. A commonly used therapeutic approach in its treatment is the use of oral enzymes supplementation therapy. Commercially, digestive enzymes are obtained from plant, animal and microbial sources. This review summarizes the pathophysiology of functional dyspepsia, different pharmacological approaches and focuses on the safety and efficacy of digestive enzymes in managing dyspepsia. Keywords including functional dyspepsia, digestive enzymes, lipase, diastase, papain, pepsin, trypsin and chymotrypsin were searched in databases such as Google, Google Scholar, PubMed, pharmacopoeia and textbooks.
Randomized controlled trial of rectal misoprostal and intramuscular oxytocin in the prevention of PPH
Authors: A. Savitha , H. Sarita , Gumma Kashinath
Published: April 2017

Background: PPH accounts for merely 23% of maternal mortality in developing countries.  Misoprostol is a uterotonic agent and is a PGE analogue commonly used in management of PPH. Oxytocin is another uterotonic agent which is now been introduced as intramuscularly effective agent to prevent PPH.This study aims to compare rectal misoprostol with intramuscular oxytocin in reducing blood loss in third stage of labor to prevent PPH. Objective of present study is to compare the clinical effect of rectal misoprostol with intramuscular oxytocin in prevention of PPH.Methods: A randomized study was conducted over duration of 3 months, at Department of OBG, BRIMS, Bidar, Karnataka, India. Patients with singleton pregnancy with the history of one previous LSCS and opting for elective LSCS were included in the study. Patients with risk pregnancy, such as pre eclampsia, cardiac disease and asthma or grand multipara were excluded from the study. Immediately after spinal anesthesia rectal misoprostol was given while oxytocin was administered after delivery of the baby. Incidence of PPH and amount of blood loss was observed and compared.Results: The difference in both the groups with regard to mean amount of blood loss, mean duration of the third stage of labor, and mean amount of fall in hemoglobin level was not statistically significant as P value was >0.05. The incidence of PPH and the need for additional oxytocic are slightly more in the misoprostol group. The incidence of shivering and pyrexia was more in the misoprostol group, but not so disturbing so as to lead to disuse of this drug.Conclusions: Oral misoprostol, though not a replacement of parenterally administered oxytocin, can be used safely in all deliveries for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage.
A survey to assess awareness about fixed dose combinations (FDCs) among pharmacists in two Central Kashmir Districts, Srinagar and Budgam, Kashmir, India
Authors: Mir Shakeel Ahmad
Published: April 2017

Background: FDCs are highly popular in Indian pharmaceutical market. The FDCs have both advantages as well as disadvantages. To be advantageous WHO guidelines for the manufacture and use of FDCs must be strictly followed. Irrational use of FDCs is a major public health problem and leads to increased risk of adverse drug events, higher treatment costs and antimicrobial resistance. FDCs as well as other single component drugs cannot be used rationally unless everyone involved directly or indirectly in the health care profession is involved. Pharmacist is a coordinator between different members of healthcare team and the patients. Hence, his role in safe use of medicines is important. The present study was undertaken to assess the knowledge of pharmacists about FDCs.Methods: A descriptive questionnaire survey was conducted in various government and private pharmacies of two Central Kashmir Districts, Srinagar and Budgam, aiming to assess the knowledge of pharmacists about FDCs. The questionnaires were distributed randomly among 79 pharmacists, out of which 60 returned the completed questionnaire.Results: 55.00% of the respondents knew the basic facts about FDCs. 96.66% knew that FDCs reduced the cost of therapy and 93.33% were aware that FDCs improve patient compliance. 60% answered incorrectly when asked about effect of FDCs on cumulative toxicity. Almost equal percentage (63.33%) answered incorrectly when asked about rationality and ADR profile of FDCs. 83.33% knew that it is difficult to know the offending agent in case ADRs occur after FDC use.78.33% respondents thought that all FDCs are approved by drug regulatory authorities.Conclusions: The study showed that pharmacists had not the enough knowledge about FDCs. Pharmacy students in their formative years of learning should be taught to promote rational use of FDCs as they are the future custodians of technical information on the products available on their domestic market.