bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Poly-(2-aminothiophenol) Functionalized Petroleum Coke for Fast Simultaneous Sequestration of Cd(II) and Pb(II) Ions from Industrial Effluents
Authors: Yakout Amr A. , Almalki Sultan G. , Alshitari Wael H.
Published: January 2025

Background:

Nowadays, the challenge between clean water production and promoting an
eco-friendly sorbent for the simultaneous fast and efficient removal of heavy metal ions is a hot topic
and has attracted much attention.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to fabricate a novel material (PATP@PET) by incorporating
poly-(2-amino thiophenol; PATP) into the matrix of Saudi Arabian petroleum coke (PET) for
simultaneous fast and efficient removal of heavy metal ions.

objective:

The fabrication of a novel material (PATP@PET) by incorporating poly-(2-amino thiophenol; PATP) into the matrix of Saudi Arabian petroleum coke (PET) for simultaneous fast and efficient removal of heavy metal ions

Method:

The FTIR, EDX, SEM, and XRD techniques assessed the chemical structure and surface
morphology of the thio-functionalized petcoke. The effects of medium pH, mass dosage of sorbent,
metal ion concentration, and coexisting ions were investigated and optimized using batch sorption.

Result:

The excellent sorption capacity of PATP@PET sorbent towards the divalent lead and cadmium
ions (98.44% and 312.5 mg.g-1 for Pb(II) and 90.15% and 217.4 mg.g-1 for Cd(II)) was realized
by strong complex formation with the sulfur atoms of green petcoke and the thiol groups of poly-2-
aminothiophenol moieties. The adsorption equilibrium data was best fitted to the pseudo-secondorder
kinetic model and Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The reusability performance was tested for
10 cycles, and the simultaneous removal of Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions from industrial effluents was accomplished
in 30 minutes with 100% removal efficiency at pH 6-7.

Conclusion:

PTAP-PET also demonstrated amazing performance for Cd(II) and Pb(II) removal in
industrial wastewater samples. Subsequently, PTAP-PET contributes to developing fast, efficient,
low-cost water remediation solutions for heavy metal ions that can potentially be translated into industrial-
scale applications.
Bioactive Products Targeting C-Met As Potential Antitumour Drugs
Authors: Zhao Liying , Qian Chunmei , Ma Xiaoqi , Wang Xiaoyu
Published: January 2025

Mesenchymal‒epithelial transition factor (c-Met), a receptortyrosine kinase (RTK), plays a vital role in
cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and tumour metastasis

Objective:

With increasing duration of treatment, many tumours gradually develop drug resistance. Therefore,
novel antitumour drugs need to be developed to treat patients with tumours. Targeting c-met inhibitors may be an
effective treatment strategy.

Methods:

Scientific databases such as ScienceDirect, PubMed, the Wiley Online Library, and Social Sciences
Citation Index were used to collect information. All the relevant literature was reviewed, and the available literature
was screened. The upstream and downstream pathways of c-Met and their relevance to antitumour effects
were searched based on the articles' title, abstract, and full text. The c-Met-targeting drugs with antitumour effects
are summarized below. A "citation within a citation" or snowballing approach was used in this screening process
to identify additional papers that may have been missed in the initial literature screening process. High-quality
studies published in peer-reviewed journals were summarized and prioritized for citation in the review.

Results:

In recent years, research on small-molecule targeted drugs has developed rapidly. Many results have also
been achieved in the synthesis and isolation of c-Met inhibitors from natural compounds and traditional Chinese
medicines.

Conclusion:

This article summarizes the developments in anti-c-Met drugs, which are synthesized and isolated
from natural compounds and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). This study provides primary resources for the
development of c-Met inhibitors.
Schisanhenol Inhibits the Proliferation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by
Targeting Programmed Cell Death-ligand 1 via the STAT3 Pathways
Authors: zhang Zhihong , Zhong Yiwen , Han Xu , Hu Xueyang , Wang Yuhan , Huang Lei , Li Siying , Li Ziqing , Wang Chunmei , Li He , Sun Jinghui , Zhuang Wenyue , Wang Mengyang , Chen Jianguang , Liu Wei , Liu Chang , Guo Xin , Yuan Siyu , Wu Jiping
Published: January 2025

Background::

Programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is overexpressed in tumor cells, which promotes
tumor cell survival and cell proliferation and causes tumor cells to escape T-cell killing. Schisanhenol, a
biphenyl cyclooctene lignin-like compound, was extracted and isolated from the plant named Schisandra rubriflora
(Franch.).

Purpose:

In this work, we studied the anticancer potential of schisanhenol and explored whether schisanhenol
mediated its effect by inhibiting the expression of PD-L1 in vitro and in vivo.

Materials and Methods:

In vitro, we performed western blot, immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation, and
colony formation assays to study the proteins, genes, and pathways related to the anti-tumour activity of schisanhenol.
In vivo, we explored the antitumor activity of schisanhenol through orthotopic liver transplantation and
subcutaneous transplantation tumor models of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells.

Results:

We found that schisanhenol decreased the viability of HCC cells. It inhibited the expression of programmed
cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1), which plays a pivotal role in tumorigenesis. Subsequently, schisanhenol
suppressed the expression of PD-L1 by decreasing the activation of STAT3. Furthermore, we found that schisanhenol
inhibited the activation of STAT3 via JAK/STAT3 (T705), Src/STAT3 (T705), and
PI3K/AKT/mTOR/STAT3 (S727) pathways. Colony formation tests showed that schisanhenol suppressed cell
proliferation by inhibiting PD-L1. Schisanhenol also enhanced cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) activity and regained
their ability to kill tumour cells in co-culture. Finally, in vivo observation confirmed the antitumor activity
of schisanhenol.

Conclusion:

Schisanhenol inhibits the proliferation of HCC cells by targeting PD-L1 via the STAT3 pathways.
These findings prove that schisanhenol is a valuable candidate for HCC therapeutics and reveal previously unknown
characteristics of schisanhenol.
Rhizopogon luteolus and Ganoderma adspersum Extracts Inhibit Invasion through the
Crosstalk between Anti-oxidant Activity and Apoptosis Induced by pAKT/Rb
Authors: Demiray Aydın , Karagür Ege Rıza , Tel-Cayan Gülsen , Tokgün Onur , Akça Hakan , Duru Mehmet Emin
Published: January 2025

Objective:

Lung cancer is the primary cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Protein kinase B (AKT)
protein is associated with many pathways in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), such as proliferation, migration,
invasion, and apoptosis. Mushrooms have a long history of being used in traditional medicine to treat various
diseases. Scientists have been exploring the potential of mushrooms for their antioxidant and anticancer properties.
In our study, the anti-oxidant, invasion, and apoptosis effects of mushroom extracts were investigated in
NSCLC.

Materials and Methods:

Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer cell lines H1299, PC-3, and PC-14 were used in our study.
After obtaining the extracts of Rhizopogon luteolus and Ganoderma adspersum, IC50 value was calculated as
25.04-11.73-16.54 ng/ul for R. luteolus and 2.97-1.53-1.01 μg/ul for G. adspersum, respectively, in H1299, PC3
and PC14 cell lines. Afterward, proliferative and invasion effects, as well as apoptosis and anti-oxidant effects,
were investigated using the IC50 dose. Western blotting was performed to investigate the pathways of these effects.

Results:

According to the results of our study, Rhizopogon luteolus and Ganoderma adspersum extracts have
anti-proliferative and anti-invasive effects on non-small lung cancer cell lines and induced apoptosis, which has
been found to increase the anti-oxidant effect. It was found that this effect was due to cross-talk between antioxidant
activity and the AKT-Rb pathway.

Conclusion:

We anticipate that Rhizopogon luteolus and Ganoderma adspersum extracts will be effective in
cancer treatment by suppressing lung cancer cells via p-Akt and Rb.
Dietary and Nutritional Aspects of Metabolic Syndrome Management: An Overview
Authors: Singh Pargat , Kaushik Ujjwal , Mir Showkat R , Kukreti Neha , Visht Sharad
Published: January 2025

Sedentary lifestyles and prolonged physical inactivity are often linked to poor mental
and physical health as well as an increased risk of a number of chronic illnesses, including cancer,
obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular problems. Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), as the new
disease, has emerged as the world's leading cause of illness. Despite having its roots in the West,
this issue has now completely globalized due to the development of the Western way of life
throughout the world. It currently affects almost one-fifth of the American and European populations,
and its incidence has increased in Southeast Asian nations as well. Comparing patients with
metabolic syndrome to the general population, it is estimated that they have a 5-fold greater risk
of diabetes mellitus and a 2-fold increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular illnesses. MetS is
a chronic or prevalent condition associated with various lifestyle conditions characterized by abdominal
obesity, low HDL-c cholesterol, insulin resistance, high blood pressure, and dyslipidemia.
It has been suggested that insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, and neurohormonal activation
are the factors behind the development of metabolic syndrome. In lieu of an upsurge in
the complications associated with MetS in modern society, many alternative approaches apart
from medicine are being constantly explored. Effects of vivid dietary patterns and nutritional interventions
have been thoroughly researched, although the most effective dietary approach remains
undetermined. This review discussed different etiological aspects of MetS and brought forth the
role of nutritional approaches, micro- and macronutrient intake, lifestyle changes, and herbal intervention
in its management.
Oral Microbiota Associated with Clinical Efficacy of Ustekinumab in Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Xu Feiyang , Xie Rui , He Le , Wang Honggang , Zhu Yifan , Yang Xiaozhong , Yu Huiming
Published: January 2025

Background:

Crohn’s Disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal disease.
Ustekinumab (UST) has been utilized as a therapeutic option for CD patients. However, approximately
40-60% of patients exhibit an inadequate response to UST. Accumulating evidence has
confirmed the involvement of oral bacteria in the development of CD. Nevertheless, the relationship
between oral microbiota and the efficacy of UST therapy in CD patients has remained unexplored.

Materials and Methods:

We recruited 28 healthy individuals and 53 CD patients, 47 of whom
completed the entire UST therapy. Oral samples and clinical data were collected. The clinical response
and clinical remission were defined based on the CDAI score. Oral samples were analyzed
by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The analysis of sequence data was performed by QIIME and R.

Results:

We revealed the oral microbial difference between the Healthy Control (HC) group and
the CD group. The enrichment of Fusobacteria, Leptotrichia, Capnocytophaga, and Campylobacter,
and the diminution of Haemophilus and Rothia were observed in the CD group. Differences
in oral microbiota were also identified among patients with different efficacy of UST. Compared
to the response and remission groups, both the non-response and non-remission groups
showed significantly higher levels of Fusobacteria and Leptotrichia. Predictive models for clinical
response and clinical remission in UST were developed based on oral microbiota, with the
Area Under the Curve (AUC) value of 0.944 and 0.930, respectively.

Conclusion:

Oral microbiota was relevant to the UST efficacy in patients with CD based on the
predictive model. These findings suggest that oral microbiota could serve as a non-invasive prognostic
biomarker for UST treatment in CD patients.
New Horizons in the Study of WNT and JAK/STAT Signaling Pathways in Cardiometabolic Diseases
Authors: Anatolyevna Snimshchikova Irina , Olegovna Plotnikova Mariia , Sergeevna Kulakova Anastasiia
Published: January 2025

Aim

Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, cardiometabolic diseases remain a major worldwide health problem. A new direction in identifying biomarkers that increase diagnostics predictive potential is the study of the WNT and JAK/STAT signaling pathways. Experimental and clinical studies have provided mixed evidence that determined the purpose of the study. This study aimed to examine the characteristics of the production of certain JAK/STAT and WNT signaling proteins in cardiometabolic pathology patients.

Materials and Methods

The research involved patients with myocardial infarction and cardiometabolic syndrome, as well as healthy individuals. Measurement of proteins STAT-1, STAT-3, STAT-6, β-catenin, sclerostin, WIF-1, GSK-3 α, and β, DVL-1 serum concentrations was carried out by ELISA.

Results

We established a wide range of JAK/STAT and WNT signaling protein values in the patient’s blood serum. In cardiometabolic syndrome, there was an increase in the concentrations of β-catenin, DVL-1, GSK-3α, and GSK-3β and a decrease in STAT-1, 3, compared with healthy individuals. During myocardial infarction, an increase in β-catenin, WIF-1, and DVL-1 and a decrease in sclerostin, GSK-3α, STAT-1, STAT-3, and STAT-6 were recorded compared with healthy individuals. The most significant intergroup differences were found for β-catenin, WIF -1, DVL-1, GSK-3α and STAT-6. Statistically significant correlations between the levels of a number of JAK/STAT and WNT signaling proteins and lipid profile parameters were revealed.

Conclusion

The data received about changes in the production of proteins of the WNT and JAK/STAT signaling pathways expand the molecular mechanisms of cardiometabolic diseases' immunopathogenesis understanding.
Advancements in Biodegradable Polymers: Sustainable Solutions for Environmental Challenges
Authors: Kothawade Sachin , Padwal Vijaya
Published: January 2025

The increasing environmental challenges posed by non-degradable plastics have spurred
the development of biodegradable polymers as sustainable alternatives. This review explores the
biodegradation processes, highlighting the role of microorganisms in breaking down polymers, and
outlines the chemical transformations involved. Various factors influencing biodegradability, such as
temperature, pH, and microbial species, are examined. The review also provides a detailed analysis
of biodegradability testing standards set by ASTM, OECD, and ISO to assess the environmental
impact of these materials. Synthesis techniques for biodegradable polymers from both natural and
synthetic sources are discussed, along with their industrial applications in packaging, agriculture,
medicine, and more. Key findings suggest that biodegradable polymers offer a viable solution to
reducing pollution, carbon emissions, and reliance on petroleum-based products. The future direction
for research emphasizes enhancing material properties and expanding applications to foster a sustainable
approach to addressing global environmental concerns.
Novel Approaches to Decomposing Hydrocarbon Pollutants from the Environment
Authors: Singh Sonia , Khandelwal Vishal , Ahuja Ashima
Published: January 2025

In the modern era, petrochemical industries' production of hydrocarbon pollution is a significant
environmental problem that causes biodiversity loss. Alkanes constitute a substantial proportion
of crude oil, and refined fuels are found in small amounts in various uncontaminated environments.
They are prevalent in underground fossil fuel reserves and shallow subsurface habitats polluted
with hydrocarbons, such as aquifers. Using microorganisms to break down alkane hydrocarbon
pollutants in environmental areas has great potential. Considerable advancements have been
achieved in identifying microorganisms and metabolic processes responsible for the breakdown of
alkanes in both oxygen-free and oxygen-rich conditions in the last two decades. A wide range of
prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms have been identified and observed to possess the ability to
utilize various carbon and energy sources as substrates. Bioremediation is essential for environmental
safety and management; various methods have been established for petroleum hydrocarbon bioremediation.
Numerous microbial species have been employed to investigate the bioremediation of
petroleum hydrocarbons, highlighting the crucial functions of varied microbial communities. Phytoremediation
is an environmentally sustainable method that may effectively rehabilitate heavy metal-
contaminated soil cost-efficiently. This manuscript provides an overview of prevalent alkane hydrocarbon
pollutants, microorganisms capable of degrading hydrocarbons, key pathways and enzymes
involved in hydrocarbon degradation, factors influencing hydrocarbon degradation, and various
strategies employed to harness the degrading capabilities of microbes for remedial purposes.
The similarities between Almohad architecture and the vernacular architecture of Marrakech
Authors: MAJIDI Salma
Published: January 2025

Abstract. This article aims to gather and emphasize the similarities between Almohad architecture and the vernacular architecture of Marrakech. Hailing from Marrakech, the Almohad Empire, while expanding, integrated local characteristics from the El Haouz region's vernacular style, into its architectural designs. Some of the components of this design are rammed earth, stone, and wood, which are used extensively in structures with thick walls and flat roofs. The city of Marrakech, famous for its key position in the rise of the Almohad Empire in the 12th century, has had a notable impact on its architectural style. Almohad architectural style, influenced by both Amazigh and Andalusian elements, had a great effect on the local architecture of the area.
Advanced survey technologies for Moroccan traditional earthen architecture: Documenting the Ksar of Tamnougalt
Authors: PETTINEO Alberto
Published: January 2025

Abstract. This research explores the use of fast-survey technologies and digital tools to document and preserve traditional earthen architecture, focusing on the Ksar of Tamnougalt in Morocco’s Drâa Valley as a case study. Situated along the historic Trans-Saharan trade route, this village holds significant historical and cultural significance despite its partial abandonment. In this context, the study aims to emphasize the importance of documenting and safeguarding this heritage, given the vulnerability of earthen materials to degradation and destruction. A detailed site survey was conducted using Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) and Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) to capture both large-scale morphology and intricate architectural details. The resulting high-resolution, morphometrically rich database enabled the production of accurate 2D drawings, which facilitated detailed graphical analyses and a deeper understanding of the buildings and their components. The research explores techniques to represent traditional architecture's material quality and morphological complexity while preserving the metric reliability of traditional drawings, photogrammetric models, 3D point clouds, and models for innovative descriptive systems. This documentation process not only digitally preserves the architectural peculiarities and traditional building techniques of this historical site, but also provides a valuable resource for future research and conservation efforts. The study highlights the crucial role of digital technologies in heritage preservation, demonstrating the potential of fast-survey techniques in the documentation and management of vernacular earthen structures and contributing to broader discussions on heritage conservation and technological innovation.
Vernacular architecture, between the sovereignty of the environment and the restoration requirements: The case of Ksar of Igoulmimen and the medina of Meknes
Authors: SEDREDDINE Mouna
Published: January 2025

Abstract. The vernacular represents a homogeneous aggregation of elements coexisting in harmony, wherein nature asserts its dominance. The intelligence of humanity, coupled with the survival instinct and a remarkable capacity for adaptation, results in architecture that serves as a continuation of the surrounding environment. The genius loci—fundamental to architectural production—guides the design process through various distinguishing parameters, including natural, social, cultural, economic, geographical, and occasionally political determinants. This concept is adeptly manifested in the unifying architecture that significantly influences the Moroccan landscape. The medinas, ksour, kasbahs, and rural habitats serve as contemporary testimonials to the alchemical relationship between humanity and its environment. They encapsulate a distinctive craftsmanship that evolves continuously in response to the variability of natural, economic, and cultural factors. This communication will first examine selected national and international human and architectural instances from geographically diverse regions where "vernacular" architecture illustrates the environmental sovereignty over humanity, communities, and the resultant architectural creations. Secondly, it will explore two cases of restoration experiences: the Medina of Meknes and the Ksar of Igoulmimen. This analysis will be grounded in the established literature and prior field research, to assess the actual impact of restoration efforts vis-à-vis a shifting socio-economic framework. Furthermore, the discussion will address various revitalization actions associated with these projects, which occasionally reflect passive rehabilitation attempts. The intention is to transcend the mere aesthetics of heritage that juxtaposes tradition and modernity, thereby interrogating the resilience capital of these human establishments in favor of "intelligent contextualization."
Vernacular architecture and seismic resilience: Which techniques for which territories?
Authors: EL MOADEN Nada
Published: January 2025

Abstract. In the context of climate change and the recurrence of natural disasters, vernacular architecture finds itself at the heart of a debate opposing those who find it resilient in facing nature's hazards, and those who question its ability to cope with these new challenges. By focusing on the seismic hazard, it seems even more antagonistic to attribute earthquake resistance to vernacular architecture. However, the earthquakes that have shaken our globe in recent decades have demonstrated that, in many areas, buildings constructed using traditional construction techniques have been more resistant to seismic shocks than those built using modern processes. How can vernacular architectural techniques contribute to a territory's resilience in facing seismic hazards? Beyond the multidisciplinary nature of the resilience concept, our aim in this article is to present and analyze the technical aspect of the resilience of traditional buildings to earthquakes, through a bibliographical and comparative analysis of different traditional processes used in several territories worldwide and which have demonstrated their ability to cope with earthquakes. Despite the divergence between the ancestral techniques used, there is a notable convergence in terms of their ductile nature, enabling better dissipation of the earthquake energy generated in buildings, without causing serious cracks or consequent collapse. It's also worth mentioning that the diversity of forms and techniques used in these vernacular architectures is not the result of a hasty choice, but rather of a careful consideration of the needs of people who live there, while adapting to the various natural hazards, including earthquakes.
VerSus+, heritage for people: Transmit vernacular knowledge to foster a sustainable architecture
Authors: Dipasquale Letizia
Published: January 2025

Abstract. This paper presents the results of the project 'Versus-Heritage for People', funded by the EU's Creative Europe programme. The main objective of the project was to actively involve and raise awareness among a wide audience of the value of vernacular knowledge in shaping more sustainable and resilient development models. The material and immaterial elements that make up a vernacular heritage (including local materials, construction methods, models of living and social interaction, technical and ecological knowledge for the management of territories, natural resources, settlements, etc.) have enormous potential for generating forward-looking models that can improve the environmental and social quality of our habitats, foster a sense of identity and belonging, and relate in a balanced way to the capacities of our planet. The paper explores strategies and tools for managing and transmitting the knowledge and values associated with vernacular heritage. The result is the collaboration of the five academic institutions involved in the project - Universitat Politècnica de València as coordinator (ES), University of Florence (IT), University of Cagliari (IT), CRAterre-ENSAG (FR) and Universidade Portucalense (PT).
Hydraulic networks and vernacular architecture: Ingenuity and sustainable management of a vital resource
Authors: MESSOUS Ouafa
Published: January 2025

Abstract. The scarcity of water resources, exacerbated by demographic pressures and climate change, presents a significant challenge to contemporary societies. Ancient hydraulic networks and vernacular architecture, developed by communities in response to arid environments, offer valuable insights into resilient and sustainable water resource management. Rooted in an intimate understanding of local ecosystems, these systems reflect the ingenuity of past societies in achieving a hydrological balance within fragile environments. This paper examines these historical water management strategies, exploring how the principles of modularity, simplicity, and adaptability embedded in these systems can inspire contemporary sustainable water management solutions. By analyzing traditional hydraulic networks, particularly the systems in Moroccan cities like Figuig, Fez, and Tetouan, this study reveals how ancient water distribution, governance, and social engineering models continue to offer relevant and low-cost solutions adaptable to modern water scarcity challenges. Through case studies and primary source analysis, the resilience of these networks underscores their potential as a model for contemporary sustainable water strategies, emphasizing the importance of integrating ancestral knowledge with modern technologies to address pressing environmental demands. This research advocates for a hybrid approach that combines heritage preservation with innovation, ensuring resource sustainability for future generations.
The Ait Bouguemez Mountains in Moroccan central High Atlas: A laboratory for vernacular architecture - synthesis essay
Authors: CHAHROU Jamal
Published: January 2025

Abstract: This paper synthesizes our reflections, observations, conclusions, and results from our fieldwork in the Ait Bouguemez Valley and at the Landscape Dynamics, Risks and Heritage Laboratory (LDRHL) within the Faculty of Letters and Humanities Sciences in Béni Mellal, whose priority is the enhancement of built cultural heritage. Our team, composed of geography professors specializing in urban planning and heritage, conducted field trips to identify, study, understand, and safeguard vernacular architecture, which represents a unique heritage in Morocco. We have established a work program to inventory and present the architectural potential of the Ait Bouguemez Valley, selecting sites based on their heritage significance and degree of degradation. Additionally, this article proposes a quantitative method for the identification and assessment of granary collectives in the Ait Bouguemez Valley. This method proposes new criteria of evaluation relatively in conformity with the characteristics of the Moroccan mountain by referring to the various methods that were already carried out in the European countries. The objective is thus to reduce the subjectivity of the evaluator and to clarify deeply the criteria composing the assessment values (scientific value, additional values). Finally, the inventory we conducted in the valley enabled us to select six collective granaries.
Intermediate spaces in Moroccan vernacular architecture: Climatic and cultural challenges
Authors: FARS Sara
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Intermediate spaces in Moroccan vernacular architecture are important in addressing cultural, functional, and climatic challenges, acting as transitional zones between public and private spheres. These spaces, which include terraces, courtyards, patios, and thresholds, not only facilitate social and economic interactions within local communities but also play a crucial role in regulating the thermal comfort of dwellings. This study, focusing on specific cases in Sebt el Gardan in the Taroudant region, highlights the diversity and functionality of these intermediate spaces. It demonstrates how they contribute to both thermal regulation and the facilitation of social interactions while emphasizing the importance of local materials such as rammed earth and mud in their construction. Traditional techniques showcase how vernacular architecture meets contemporary needs while preserving its cultural identity. The central hypothesis of this research is that the climate and communal ways of life largely influence the typology of intermediate spaces in Moroccan vernacular architecture. Through a documentary approach and case studies, the study aims to deepen the understanding of spatial and social dynamics within communities, while underscoring the need to preserve this often underestimated cultural heritage. Thus, intermediate spaces are not merely architectural elements but dynamic vectors of Moroccan cultural heritage, capable of adapting to socio-economic and historical changes, reinforcing their relevance in the discourse on sustainable development and cultural heritage conservation.
Endangered building cultures in Morocco: The case of Tazotas in Doukkala region
Authors: Nakkouch Samia
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Moroccan vernacular architecture reflects the diversity of cultural, social, and environmental specificities of local communities and regions. Authentic local know-how utilizing various techniques such as rammed earth, adobe, and stone building is contextually developed by local traditions, materials, and climate conditions. The survival of these traditional building cultures, in a contemporary context of modernization of construction techniques, depends on several anthropogenic factors. The replacement or extinction of these traditions would imply a significant loss of cultural heritage, architectural diversity, and local knowledge concerning sustainability and environmental adaptation. The Doukkala region known for its vast agricultural plains, situated in the east-southern countryside of Casablanca-Settat region, has witnessed the development of a unique dry stone construction technique known as Tazotas. The remaining structures featuring this specific architecture are currently facing constant transformations and destruction due to inhabitants' practices and adaptations, which endanger the remaining traces of this unique local vernacular tradition. This study aims to explore the characteristics of this exceptional building culture identifying practices and transformations likely to conserve or imperil its remaining landmarks. The results are based on an empirical study that involved extensive fieldwork, surveys, material samples testing, and interviews with residents and Tazotas owners.
Probiotic Lactobacillus sp. as a Substitute for Growth Antibiotic (AGP): Its Effects on Production Performance and Contribution Margin Value in Broilers Infected with Escherichia coli
Authors: Firdaus Muhammad Aviv , Soeharsono Soeharsono , Lokapirnasari Widya Paramita , Hidanah Sri , Kusnoto Kusnoto , Safitri Erma , Silfia Himatul Ilma , Lisnanti Ertika Fitri
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to show that the probiotic Lactobacillus sp. could increase production performance (feed consumption, feed conversion, feed efficiency, body weight gain and body weight) and the contribution margin value in broiler chickens infected with Escherichia coli. This experimental study utilized a completely randomized design and involved 40 male broilers. The broilers were infected with Escherichia coli at the age of 21 days, and the study lasted for 35 days. The study consisted of 4 treatment groups, with 10 chickens in each group. The treatment groups were as follows: P0 (negative control; no feed additive; no E. coli infection), P1 (positive control; no feed additive; E. coli infection), P2 (AGP (zinc bacitracin) added at 1 g/kg mixed through commercial feed; no probiotic Lactobacillus sp.; E. coli infection), and P3 (commercial feed no AGP; probiotic Lactobacillus sp. added at 5 mL/L through drinking water; E. coli infection). The data were analysed via a general linear model (repeated measures) test of ANOVA followed by Duncan's multiple distance test. The results revealed significant differences (p<0,05) in production performance, including feed efficiency and final body weight. The highest contribution margin value shown by the P3 treatment group (administering probiotic Lactobacillus sp. in drinking water) was IDR 81,570, and the lowest value shown by the P2 treatment group (administering AGP to feed) was IDR 35,468. In conclusion, the addition of the probiotic Lactobacillus sp. at a concentration of 5 mL/L through drinking water improved production performance and increased the contribution margin value in broilers infected with E. coli.
Effects of the Commercial Yogurt Starter on the pH, aw, TPC, TotalBacteria of Lactic Acid, Yeast Mold Numbers and Organoleptic inFermented Sausages
Authors: Susilo Agus , Widati Aris Sri , Evanuarini Herly , Apriliyani Mulia Winirsya , Rahayu Premy Puspitawati , Tyas Dewi Septi Ayuning , Rafly Raihan , Pramudita Ananda Diah
Published: January 2025

Yogurt culture has never been used as a probiotic to produce fermented sausages. The microorganisms that make up the starter culture play a role in the release of bioactive peptides during sausage production. This research aimed to determine the effect of
yogurt starters on chicken meat and the best percentage of fermented chicken sausage made with yogurt starters as lactic acid bacteria. The variables used are pH, water activity, total plate number, total LAB, yeast mold number, and organoleptic tests. The research method was experimental via a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The yogurt starter addition amounts used were 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3%. The data were analyzed via analysis of variance (ANOVA). If there is a significant effect, it will be tested via Duncan's multiple range test (DMRT). The results revealed that there was a highly significant difference
(P<0.01) in pH and that there was a significant difference (P<0.05) in total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and organoleptic aroma, taste and texture. Moreover, there were no significant differences (P>0.05) in water activity, total plate number, yeast mold number, or organoleptic tests on the color of fermented sausage
Analysis of Potential Assets of Brangus Cattle in Sragen Regency: Total Economic Value Approach
Authors: Ikhsan Aulia Fauziah , Andarwati Siti , Kusumastuti Tri Anggraeni
Published: January 2025

This research aims to analyze the Direct Use Value (DUV) of the population, production, and by-products, the Indirect Use Value (IUV) of employment and multiplier effects, the Option Value (OV) through the Willingness To Pay of farmers and influencing factors, as well as the Total Economic Value required to maintain the existence of Brangus cattle as a crossbreed in Sragen Regency. The research was conducted in Sragen Regency in January-February 2024 with the consideration that this is the largest population in Sragen Regency, Central Java of Brangus cattle. The respondents were determined by census as many as 170 respondents. Data collection was carried out through interviews using a questionnaire as a research instrument, 10 informants from slaughterhouses and cattle traders each were taken using the snowball sampling method based on the number of slaughterhouses and livestock markets in the area. Quantitative descriptive analysis by calculating DUV, IUV, OV, and the Contingent Valuation method is used to estimate the farmer's Willingness To Pay (WTP) in maintaining the existence of Brangus cattle. The DUV value is IDR11,316,615,446/year or in UT IDR1.11631E+11/year, IUV is IDR1.7900E+12/year or in UT IDR2.7254E+12/year and OV is IDR1,635,500,000/year or in UT IDR87,172,150,000/year. The largest TEV value is DUV which consists of a live cattle population of IDR2,991,000,681/year, total carcass and non-carcass of IDR6,755,207,690/year, sales of livestock manure IDR1,570,407,075/year. The TEV value of Brangus cattle in head units is IDR1.80294E+12/year or in UT IDR2.9242E+12/year. The DUV value on the production side shows the highest results because it is supported by the interest of breeders in maintaining livestock using a breeding system and this is an effort to continue raising Brangus cattle as a form of preserving cross-breed livestock because they have the potential for good meat yields. However, to increase the TEV value, it is necessary to add complete infrastructure, especially slaughterhouses, and utilize by-products through improving technology and strengthening institutions
Consolidated financial statements in light of the Hungarian regulations and the IFRS standards
Authors: Szekeres Alexandra , Dienes Angelika
Published: January 2025

Companies today have diverse relationship systems. In a legal sense, individual companies exercising influence on each other engage in significant transactions with each other during their operations. Market participants require knowledge of the financial, monetary, and income status of these corporate groups. Therefore, in addition to individual annual reports, it is also important to prepare consolidated financial statements that present the group as a single entity, following either national or international accounting standards.
In our study, the legal background of consolidation will be presented, as well as the rules of consolidation based on Hungarian regulations and the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Two IFRS consolidated financial statements will be compared, with a particular focus on the consolidated notes on the accounts (Notes), highlighting those intangible assets whose representation and evaluation are significantly different from Hungarian rules. While the selected parent companies present their corporate groups to varying extents and levels of detail, the requirements of the standards are reflected throughout.
JEL code: M40
Teaching in the Digital Age—Developing a Support Program for Nursing Education Providers: Design-Based Research
Authors: Walzer Stefan , Barthel Carolin , Pazouki Ronja , Marx Helga , Ziegler Sven , Koenig Peter , Kugler Christiane , Jobst Stefan
Published: January 2025

Background

Health care systems and the nursing profession worldwide are being transformed by technology and digitalization. Nurses acquire digital competence through their own experience in daily practice, but also from education and training; nursing education providers thus play an important role. While nursing education providers have some level of digital competence, there is a need for ongoing training and support for them to develop more advanced skills and effectively integrate technology into their teaching.

Objective

This study aims to develop a needs-based support program for nursing education providers to foster digital competencies and to test this intervention.

Methods

We used a design-based research approach, incorporating iterative development with expert consultation to create and evaluate a support program for nursing education providers. Focus groups were conducted online to assess needs, and thematic content analysis was used to derive key insights. The support program was then refined through expert feedback and subjected to a feasibility and satisfaction test, with participant evaluations analyzed descriptively.

Results

Six main categories emerged from the focus groups, highlighting key areas, including the use of digital technology, ongoing support needs, and the current state of digitalization in nursing education. The support program was developed based on these findings, with expert validation leading to adjustments in timing, content prioritization, and platform integration. Preliminary testing showed good overall satisfaction with the support program, although participants suggested improvements in content relevance and digital platform usability.

Conclusions

Although the feasibility test showed high satisfaction with the support program, low participation rates and limited perceived knowledge gain were major concerns. The results suggest that while the program was well received, further refinements, including a focus on competency-based approaches and addressing workplace barriers, are needed to increase participation and effectiveness of such interventions. The findings of this research can be used as a basis for the development of similar programs in other educational and health care contexts.
Incidence of Hospital-Acquired Toxin-Producing Clostridioides difficile Infection Between the Pre-Pandemic (2017–2019) and Pandemic (2020–2022): A Retrospective Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Garcia Rodriguez Raquel , Pereira Rodriguez María José , García Lopez Alejandra Pilar , Freijedo Fariñas Fabián , Nogueira Gómez Angela
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

In 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared SARS-CoV-2 a global public health emergency, driving healthcare systems worldwide to reorganize activities and adopt stringent infection prevention protocols. Among nosocomial infections, toxin-producing Clostridioides difficile infection (TCDI) remains a significant concern in hos-pitalized patients, primarily transmitted through contact. Efforts to mitigate TCDI fo-cus on minimizing in-hospital bacterial transmission, as the infection control measures implemented during the pandemic.

OBJECTIVE

Objective: to evaluate the incidence of nosocomial TCDI during the pandemic, compar-ing the impact of non-pharmacological measures implemented during this period with prior years and identify associations between risk factors in these periods.

METHODS

A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted at A Coruña University Hos-pital from 2017 to 2022. Patients were categorized into pre-pandemic (2017-2019) or pandemic (2020-2022) groups based on nosocomial TCDI criteria. Descriptive analyses evaluated age, sex, antibiotic use, and comorbidities. Incidence rates were calculated, and risk factor associations were analyzed for both periods.

RESULTS

The study identified 249 nosocomial TCDI cases: 89 pre-pandemic and 160 during the pandemic, reflecting a 79.8% increase. Patients hospitalized during the pandemic faced a 92% greater risk of TCDI (RR=1.92, p=0.001). The incidence density of TCDI during the pandemic years was 1.44 CDI/10,000 patient-days Predisposing factors in-cluded solid organ neoplasms (pre-pandemic 33.7%; pandemic 33.1%), secondary im-munosuppression (pre-pandemic 31.5%; pandemic 40.6%).

CONCLUSIONS

In conclusion, despite implementing precautionary measures, nosocomial TCDI inci-dence increased during the pandemic. Understanding the factors contributing to TCDI acquisition in hospitalized patients is crucial for designing effective preventive inter-ventions and strategies

CLINICALTRIAL

not a clinical trial
Engagement in Academic-Based Comparisons on Social Networking Sites and Mental Health Outcomes among Post-secondary Students in Canada: A Cross-sectional Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Rafiq Amna , Linden Brooke
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Post-secondary students are the largest age demographic using social networking sites (SNS). Since students are placed in competitive environments surrounded by peers with similar goals, they are more prone to engaging in upward academic-based comparisons. Given that post-secondary students are already at increased risk of developing mental disorders, determining the link between engagement in online comparisons and mental health outcomes among this population is warranted.

OBJECTIVE

This paper investigates the relationship between engagement in upward academic-based comparisons on SNS and mental health outcomes among a sample of Canadian post-secondary students.

METHODS

A secondary analysis of data collected through a national cross-sectional study of post-secondary student mental health and wellbeing was conducted to assess this relationship, controlling for the effects of demographics, SNS platform used, and other comparison-based stressors.

RESULTS

Four main findings are reported: (1) Associations between engaging in upward academic-based comparisons on SNS and other comparison-based stressors were all statistically significant (P<.001) and students who engaged in upward academic-based comparisons on SNS rated other comparison-based stressors as significantly higher in both severity and frequency compared to those who did not, (2) the association between engaging in upward academic-based comparisons on SNS and the type of SNS platform used was statistically significant across all platforms except Facebook (X2=4.84, P=0.30) and Twitter (X2=4.61, P=0.33), (3) the use of TikTok was linked to worsened mental health outcomes (psychological distress ß = 0.50, P=.26; anxiety ß = 0.32, P=.03; depression ß = 0.45, P=.01) whereas the use of LinkedIn was associated with improved mental health outcomes (psychological distress ß = -1.11, P=.003; anxiety ß = -0.39, P=.05; depression ß = -0.48, P= .04), (4) engagement in upward academic-based comparisons on SNS was significantly related to increased anxiety scores, but not depression or general psychological distress scores.

CONCLUSIONS

Since the study sample consisted of students attending a single university in Eastern Ontario, these findings are not generalizable to the broader Canadian post-secondary student population. However, they provide evidence that helps contribute to further exploration of this topic area. Future research should explore the effects of online academic-based comparisons on the mental health of post-secondary students in more diverse samples as well as interventions that may help address the mental health impacts of students’ SNS usage.