bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of provenance, pre-treatment and seeds’ mass on germinability and seedling growth of socio-economically important Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Delile and Ricinodendron heudelotii (Bail.) Pierre in Benin (West Africa)
Authors: HOUNSOU-DINDIN Guillaume , Idohou Rodrigue , Hounsode Marcel T. Donou , Adomou Aristide C. , Assogbadjo Achille E. , Kakaï Romain Glèlè
Published: June 2021

Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Delile and Ricinodendron heudelotii (Bail.) Pierre are socioeconomically important but endemic species to sub-Saharan Africa. This study was conducted to assess the germination capacity of their seeds and seedling growth according to seed provenance, seed mass and pre-treatment techniques as a contribution to the development of strategies for their conservation and domestication in Benin. The seeds were randomly collected in the species occurrence phytodistricts. A split-split plot design with three replicates was used. The survival analysis and generalized linear mixed effects models were implemented on the data. Findings were that the heaviest seeds ( B. aegyptiaca seed mass ≥ 3 g and R. heudelotii ≥ 1.50 g) , provided the highest germination rates (73.60 ± 5.19% and 62.50 ± 5.71%) with seeds scarified with a hammer first emerging at day-8 and day-10 for B. aegyptiaca and R. heudelotii respectively. For B. aegyptiaca seedlings, the seeds from North Borgou phytodistrict scarified with a hammer and the heaviest seeds showed the highest total height (36.43 ± 1.03 cm), basal diameter (2.84 ± 0.03 mm), the greatest number of leaves (32) and ramifications (1). The heaviest seeds of R. heudelotii showed also the highest total height from the day-28 after sowing (26.73 ± 13.56 cm) until the day-105 (151.97 ± 6.37 cm) and those from Pobe phytodistrict showed the highest basal diameter (12.53 ± 1.47 mm) and the greatest number of leaves (14), with almost no ramification during the trial period. These findings constitute a step towards upscaling the reproducibility of these species for better contribution to economies while serving for restoration plans.
Identification and characterization of a novel NAC transcription factor gene from triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack)
Authors: Wang Meng , Ren Litong , Wei Xiaoyong , Ling Yueming , Gu Haitao , Wang Shanshan , KONG Guagnchao
Published: June 2021

The NAM, ATAF, and CUC (NAC) family of transcription factors plays several important roles in plants, helping to regulate plant growth, development, senescence, and the response to biotic and abiotic stressors. NAC proteins also act as molecular switches, modulating hormonal responses to stress.A novel coding sequence (1059 bp) was cloned from hexaploid triticale. The putative protein encoded by this sequence (352 amino acids) was more than 95% similar to the amino acid sequence of a NAC protein from Aegilopsis tauschii (goatgrass; XP020161331), and phylogenetic analysis indicated that the novel gene formed a clade with goatgrass, Triticum turgidum , and barley. The novel protein contained a conserved nature actomyosin (NAM) domain (129 consecutive amino acids) between the 20 th and 148 th amino acids at the N-terminus and three transcriptional activation regions at the C-terminus. TwNAC01 was localized to the nucleus. Based on this evidence, the novel gene was identified as a triticale NAC gene and designated TwNAC01 (GenBank accession no. MG736919). After exposure to drought, Macrogol 6000 (PEG6000), NaCl, cold, methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and abscisic acid (ABA), TwNAC01 expression levels were greatest in triticale roots, followed by leaves and stems. Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana overexpressing TwNAC01 had significantly lower leaf water loss rates and significantly longer roots than wild-type A. thaliana. Virus-induced silencing of the TwNAC01 gene in triticale delayed root development and decreased taproot length. Under drought stress, leaves of TwNAC01- silenced triticale had higher levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) than the leaves of the wild type (WT), as well as lower relative water content (RWC), net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO 2 concentration, and transpiration rate.Gene overexpression and silencing experiments suggested that TwNAC01 improves plant stress tolerance by increasing taproot length, regulating the water content of the plant leaves, reducing MAD and H 2 O 2 content, and adjusting respiration rate.
Optimization of the Maintenance Factors in Ampel Mosque, Surabaya, Indonesia
Authors: Sedayu Agung
Published: June 2021

The Ampel Mosque in Surabaya is an important historical site for Muslims in Indonesia. The architecture of the Ampel mosque is strongly influenced by Javanese and Arabic culture. a very harmonious integration between Javanese architecture as a form of authenticity and local wisdom in buildings, while Arabic architecture as a complementary and additional component. This research was, therefore, conducted to optimize the maintenance factor in the mosque building to ensure it functions properly and sustainably towards serving as a historic worship place for future generations. Data were collected using questionnaires distributed to the congregants or users of the mosques and analyzed through optimization using a dynamic program based on the level of importance. The results showed seven maintenance factors including the complexity of construction and design, serviceability, building durability, security and safety, aesthetics of the building, user comfort, and maintenance capability. Moreover, the optimization process prioritized the ease in construction work, stability of the construction, durability against structural damage to the building, use of non-hazardous materials, aesthetics of the building, the comfort of indoor and outdoor spaces, and ease of maintenance. These are expected to be the focus of the mosque manager in maintaining the authenticity of the building components. This, therefore, means the Ampel Mosque building can be maintained as a religious tourism destination at the national and international levels in order to ensure its historical value is sustained while the local and national economy is improved.
Seroprevalence of Bovine Brucellosis and its Public Health Significance in Central High Land of Ethiopia
Authors: Getahun Temesgen Kassa , Mamo Gezahegn , Urge Beksisa
Published: June 2021

Background: Brucellosis is a serious zoonotic disease affecting human and all domestic animals. It is considered to be one of the great public health problems all over the world. Little attention has been paid to bovine brucellosis in small holder dairy farm and in animal owners and farm workers in central highland of Ethiopia. Result: The overall seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis were 1.2% (95%CI: 0.47-2.97) by RBPT alone and 0.6% (95%CI: 0.016-2.09) using combined RBPT and CFT tests. In human, the overall seroprevalence of zoonotic brucellosis was 4.2% (95%CI: 0.204-8.42) by RBPT and 1.2% (95%CI: 0.032-4.27) using combined RBPT and CFT tests. Statistical analysis of risk factors by univariable firth’s bias reduced logistic regression indicates that late stage of abortion (OR=14.74, p=0.0002), retained fetal membrane (OR=32.74, p=0.006), market based stock replacement (OR=16.55, p=0.002), and presence of parturition pen (OR=11.511, p=0.027) were found to be significantly associated with the seropositivity for Brucella infection in dairy cattle. The seropositivity of human brucellosis was significantly influenced by human housing (OR=1.8, p=0.002), contact with aborted fetus (OR=21.19, p=0.017), drinking raw milk from aborted (OR=5.72, 0.019) and retained fetal membrane (OR=4.22, p=0.029) cows. A structured interview question was administered to 284 respondents. Accordingly, most respondents had no knowledge on brucellosis (93.3%). Conclusion: The present seroprevalence study revealed that brucellosis is prevalent at lower rate among dairy cattle and in exposed individuals in the study areas. However, since there were no control strategies implemented in the area, there is a potential risk for transmission of brucellosis in dairy cattle and exposed human population of study areas. With the low prevalence of bovine brucellosis in government owned and small holder farms, implementation of test and slaughter strategy with compensation to farmers is recommended; while in case of human brucellosis, continuous social training with feedback assessments, implementing one health approach framework and since its presence is confirmed and the risk factors are identified, the medical personnel should give attention as to differential diagnosis of the disease which has been overlooked so far.
Sensitivity of western north Pacific summertime tropical synoptic- scale disturbances to extratropical forcing – A regional climate model study
Authors: Liu Ying Lung , Tam Chi-Yung , Au-Yeung Andie Yee Man
Published: June 2021

The role of extratropical forcing on the summertime tropical synoptic-scale disturbances (TSDs) in the western north Pacific has been investigated, by conducting parallel integrations of the Regional Climate Model (RegCM). The suite of experiments consists of a control run (CTRL) with European Centre for Medium Range Forecasts (ECMWF) Reanalysis data as boundary conditions, and an experimental run (EXPT) with the same setting, except that signals with zonal wavenumber > 6 were suppressed at the northern boundary (located at 42°N) of the model domain. Comparison between CTRL and EXPT showed that, without extratropical forcing, there is weaker TSD activity in the June-to-August season, with reduced precipitation over the TSD pathway. Associated with suppressed TSD, southeastward-directed wave activity is also reduced, leading to less active mixed Rossby gravity (MRG) waves in the equatorial western Pacific area. Further analysis revealed that extratropical forcing and associated circulation changes can modulate the TSD wavetrain and its coherence structure, in relation to low-level vorticity in far western north Pacific. In CTRL, west of about 140°E, TSD-related circulation tends to be stronger; in EXPT, vorticity signals and vertical motions are found to be slightly more coherent in the more eastern portion of the TSD wavetrain. The latter enhanced coherency of TSD east of 140°E, from the EXPT simulations, might be due to changes in wave activity transport channelled by modulated upper-level mid-latitude westerlies in EXPT. Energetics indicate that changes in low-level background circulation itself can also influence TSD characteristics. Our results serve to quantify how extratropical forcing and related general circulation features influence western north Pacific summertime TSD activities. Implications on understanding the initiation of TSD, as well as their variability on longer time scales, are discussed.
Identification of Key Genes And Pathways Associated With Mast Cells Resting In Meningioma
Authors: Xie Hui , Yuan Ce , Ding Xiao-hui , Li Jin-jiang , Li Zhao-yang , Lu Wei-cheng
Published: June 2021

Background: To identify candidate key genes and pathways related to mast cells resting in meningioma and the underlying molecular mechanisms of meningioma. Methods: Gene expression profiles of GSE43290 and GSE16581 datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. GO and KEGG pathway enrichments of DEGs were analyzed using the ClusterProfiler package in R. The protein-protein interaction network (PPI), and TF-miRNA- mRNA co-expression networks were constructed. Further, the difference in immune infiltration was investigated using the CIBERSORT algorithm. Results: A total of 1499 DEGs were identified between tumor and normal controls. The analysis of the immune cell infiltration landscape showed that the probability of distribution of memory B cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs), and resting mast cells in tumor samples were significantly higher than those in the controls. Moreover, through WGCNA analysis, the module related to mast cells resting contained 158 DEGs, and KEGG pathway analysis revealed that the DEGs were dominant in the TNF signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and IL-17 signaling pathway. Survival analysis of hub genes related to mast cells resting showed that the risk model was constructed based on 9 key genes. The TF-miRNA- mRNA co-regulation network, including MYC-miR-145-5p, TNFAIP3-miR-29c-3p, and TNFAIP3-hsa-miR-335-3p, were obtained. Further, 36 nodes and 197 interactions in the PPI network were identified. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed candidate key genes, miRNAs, and pathways related to mast cells resting involved in meningioma development, providing potential therapeutic targets for meningioma treatment.
Design of Smart Heart Rate Monitoring and Stress Detection System with Cloud Data Storage and Privacy
Authors: Fatima Neda , Siddiqui Salman Ahmad , Ahmad Anwar
Published: June 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic affected the entire world in various ways. It influenced the global order, lives, livelihoods, travel, workspace, digital systems and most importantly the health systems. One unarguably the most unusual and striking effect of the pandemic has been on the mental health of people worldwide as lives underwent drastic changes in the pandemic. As the pandemic continues, the demand for mental health treatment is only increasing with focus on more personalized and customized healthcare as each individual has his/her own sets of issues, fears and insecurities and ‘one size-fits-all’ approach cannot be practiced in such cases. This paper presents a comprehensive solution in the form of a novel stress monitoring system that detects stress levels and guides the person to relax by pursuing a hobby like watching a meditative video or distract for some time and play some soothing game. It also alerts his personal psychiatrist or doctor who can then check up on him and prescribe him appropriate treatment and medication in case of high stress levels.
Bodo Resources for NLP - An Overview of Existing Primary Resources for Bodo
Authors: Narzary Mwnthai , Muchahary Gwmsrang , Brahma Maharaj , Narzary Sanjib , Singh Pranav Kumar , Senapati Apurbalal
Published: June 2021

With over 1.4 million Bodo speakers, there is a need for Automated Language Processing systems such as Machine translation, Part Of Speech tagging, Speech recognition, Named Entity Recognition, and so on. In order to develop such a system it requires a sufficient amount of dataset. In this paper we present a detailed description of the primary resources available for Bodo language that can be used as datasets to study Natural Language Processing and its applications. We have listed out different resources available for Bodo language: 8,005 Lexicon dataset collected from agriculture and health, Raw corpus dataset of 2,915,544 words, Tagged corpus consisting of 30,000 sentences, Parallel corpus of 28,359 sentences from tourism, agriculture and health and Tagged and Parallel corpus dataset of 37,768 sentences. We further discuss the challenges and opportunities present in Bodo language.
Study of Horizontal Impact Forces Arising from Terrain on Off-Road Vehicles and Minimizing Their Effects on Ride Quality
Authors: Das Bitopan , Ghosh Rajdeep
Published: June 2021

Vehicles with off-road capabilities in the present times have begun to focus more on ride comfort. One of the most common uses of such vehicles is to help commuters travel on rough terrain, away from paved roads. Vertical suspensions carry out the work of minimizing the impact from objects like rocks and stones that comprise the terrain. However, such undulations in the terrain are not just vertically bulged. The geometry of the object, i.e., the rock/stone and the wheel coming in contact with the object gives rise to the familiar vertical impact forces for which vertical suspensions are provided. The other component of the impact force arising from the same irregular geometry of the undulation, i.e., the horizontal component of impact force which acts parallel to the axle of the wheels remains neglected. This might lead to passengers experiencing sideways swaying while inside the vehicle, even if there are independent vertical suspensions. In this paper, a study of the effects of horizontal component of impact forces on off-road vehicles was done and after that, spring-shock absorber arrangements to counter these forces were analyzed with springs of different spring-stiffness values.
Preserving Cultural Heritage with Mobile Augmented Reality – A survey
Authors: Midya Mrityunjoy , Maity Ranjan
Published: June 2021

A worldwide trend is the inclusion of multimedia in cultural heritage(CH) for preservation. This will increase the user perception as well. So the Mobile Augmented reality(MAR) technology is very much used in this respect. This paper survey the state-of-art of application of MAR in CH(MARCH). Besides, a comparative analysis of the different frameworks is done. Finally, this survey gives future research direction in this field.
Using Machine Learning to Predict Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) Attack
Authors: Adeshina Qozeem Adeniyi , Saha Baidya Nath
Published: June 2021

The IT space is growing in all aspects ranging from bandwidth, storage, processing speed, machine learning and data analysis. This growth has consequently led to more cyber threat and attacks which now requires innovative and predictive security approach that uses cutting-edge technologies in order to fight the menace. The patterns of the cyber threats will be observed so that proper analysis from different sets of data will be used to develop a model that will depend on the available data. Distributed Denial of Service is one of the most common threats and attacks that is ravaging computing devices on the internet. This research talks about the approaches and the development of machine learning classifiers to detect DDoS attacks before it eventually happen. The model is built with seven different selection techniques each using ten machine learning classifiers. The model learns to understand the normal network traffic so that it can detect an ICMP, TCP and UDP DDoS traffic when they arrive. The goal is to build a data-driven, intelligent and decision-making machine learning algorithm model that will use classifiers to categorize normal and DDoS traffic using KDD-99 dataset. Results have shown that some classifiers have very good predictions obtained within a very short time.
Machine Learning Driven IoT Based Smart Health Care Kit
Authors: Narayanagari Lekhasree , Saha Baidya Nath
Published: June 2021

This paper focuses on developing a machine learning driven IOT based smart healthcare kit. It plays an important role in emergency medical service like Intensive Care Units (ICU), by using an INTEL GALILEO 2ND generation development board. It facilitates to monitor and track different health indicators such as Blood Pressure, Pulses, and Temperature of the patient. This system allows to send the real time data of a patient to the physician and record it for future use. In this research we conducted two experiments: a)heart disease prediction from pathology data and b) lung disease prediction from X-ray images. For heart disease prediction we evaluate the performance of K-Nearest Neighbour and Random Forest Classifier and for lung disease prediction, we use VGG19 deep architecture. Experimental results demonstrate that machine learning can help to automate the IoT based smart healthcare kit and help doctors to diagnose the diseases.
A Machine Learning Based Approach for Software Test Case Selection
Authors: Cheruiyot Victor , Saha Baidya Nath
Published: June 2021

Testing is conducted after developing each software to detect the defects which are then removed. However, it is very difficult task to test a non-trivial software completely. Hence, it’s important to test the software with important test cases. In this research, we developed a machine learning based software test case selection strategy for regression testing. To develop the method, we first clean and preprocess the data. Then we convet the categorical data to its numerical value. The we implement a natural language processing to calculate bag of features for text feature such as testcase title. We evaluate different machine learning models for test case selection. Experimental results demonstrate that machine learning based models can aovid manual labour of the domain experts for test case selection.
Distribution System Fault Analysis Using MATLAB/SIMULINK
Authors: Hazarika Jyotirmoy , Roy O P
Published: June 2021

In this paper, the impacts of various faults in the distribution network system (DNS) have been analyzed. Modelling and simulation is done using MATLAB/Simulink software package. The proposed model is simple and it can be used by power engineers as a platform. The designed model is used to study various common faults in distribution network at different points. The waveform display due to the various faults gives us an idea of hazardousness of the respective fault. The response of the system after introducing protective device is also observed.
Customer satisfaction management: Exploring temporal changes in nonlinearities in satisfaction formation of skiers
Authors: Matzler Kurt , Mazanec Josef , Strobl Andreas , Teichmann Karin
Published: June 2021

Customer satisfaction is one of the most important success drivers. Managers need to understand how satisfaction is formed, which factors to focus on, and how to increase the performance. The Kano model offers useful guidance for managers to increase customer satisfaction. It assumes that there are three different factors, which influence overall satisfaction, and that the weight of these factors changes over time. This study adds to limited empirical evidence on temporal changes of nonlinear relationships between attribute performance and customer satisfaction. The data comprise two waves of a large-scale sample of more than 40,000 skiers in 55 Alpine ski resorts in 2012 and 2016. Applying nonlinear structural equation modeling, Ski Core and Value-for-Money were identified as basic factors (dissatisfiers) and Ski Peripherals as a performance factor. Change in skiers’ satisfaction levels operates at a slow pace and, besides general industry trends, time-related segmentation criteria like loyalty and skier skills play a salient role. Especially, the attribute Value-for-Money is prone to temporal changes.
AcknowledgmentsWe thank Michael Partel from Mountain-Management C. Est for granting access to the data.
Critical analysis and suggestions to improve the existing system of radiation control in X-ray rooms
Authors: Golikov V. Yu. , Vodovatov A. V.
Published: June 2021

This paper demonstrates the shortcomings of the existing method of radiation control in the X-ray rooms and the interpretation of the results of the measurements to assess the compliance of the working conditions of various groups of exposed individuals with radiation safety requirements. A new method of interpretation of the measurement results is proposed, considering the relative time spent by certain categories of exposed persons in the corresponding rooms during the use of the X-ray units, as well as the use of personal protective equipment (lead aprons). The interpretation of the measurement results in the treatment room according to the new approach has demonstrated the compliance of the working conditions to the Norms and Rules of radiation safety, provided that the worker is wearing a protective apron. The proposed approach to the interpretation of the results of the measurements in adjacent rooms leads to both reduced and stricter requirements for the stationary shielding. The paper includes a special focus on the incorrect calculation of stationary shielding for the installation of several X-ray units in one X-ray room within the framework of the current approach.
Content of cesium-137 in the soil cover of Central and Southern Tajikistan
Authors: Muminov S. V. , Barotov B. B. , Mirsaidov U. M. , Murodov S. R. , Salomov J. A. , Mirsaidzoda (Ilkhom U. Mirsaidov) I.
Published: June 2021

The content of cesium-137 in the soil cover of the central and southern parts of Tajikistan was studied. The study area of the regions of the republic is about 45,000 km2. 92 soil samples from the Central and Southern parts of the republic were collected from cultivated and uncultivated fields to a depth of 25 cm from the ground surface. Each sample at the sampling point was cleared of stones, roots and other inclusions. The sample was dried to an air-dry state, crushed and sieved through a sieve with a hole diameter of 2 mm. When measuring the samples, we used a standard 1 L Marinelli beaker. Measurements of the specific activity of cesium-137 in soil samples were carried out on a gamma spectrometer based on highly pure germanium. The maximum content of cesium-137 was observed in soil sample No. 1 of the Kamarob area of the Rasht district, which specific activity in the sample is 148 Bq / kg. The minimum specific activity of cesium-137 is observed in soil samples from the Tajikabad district. The dependence of the concentration of cesium-137 on the topography in the region under study has been established. In some of the investigated samples, the cesium-137 isotope was not detected (sample no. 2 from the Ayvaj area of the Shahritus district and sample no. 4 from the Farkhor district). The dynamics of the distribution of cesium-137 on the soils of uncultivated fields and soils of cultivated fields of the Khatlon region of Tajikistan has been studied. It was found that the content of the isotope of cesium-137 in the treated fields differs from the untreated ones. It has been determined that in the soils of cultivated lands, the content of cesium-137 is concentrated at a depth of 20-25 cm. At the foot of the mountains and clay soils, a relatively high content of the isotope of cesium-137 is observed in comparison with plains and sandy soils.
Evaluation of the applicability of the X-ray room technical passports in the medical facilities and approval of the X-ray department technical plans by the local radiological authorities
Authors: Berezin I. I. , Somov S. S. , Yakusheva К. V.
Published: June 2021

The technical passport for the X-ray room in accordance with the current sanitary legislation is a mandatory document certifying the technical condition of X-ray diagnostic equipment, devices for developing, fixing and drying X-ray films, additional equipment and accessories for performing special types of X-ray diagnostics, means of protection against ionizing radiation of workplaces of the office staff and adjacent to the office of the premises and confirming the compliance of their characteristics with the normative and technical documentation and domestic standards. The purpose of this work was to assess the relevance and necessity of issuing a technical passport for the X-ray room and to coordinate the project of the X-ray room with the X-ray department in the light of the current sanitary legislation. Registration of a technical passport by organizations that have special permits for these types of work, and not only by the X-ray and radiological department, would increase the legal value of the technical passport. The information contained in the technical passport is duplicated in the rest of the documentation for the X-ray room, the requirements for which are enshrined in the sanitary legislation, which generally casts doubt on the need for a technical passport as a mandatory document.
Detection and analysis of metal scrap in lubricating oil based on wear fault of spindle bearing of turboshaft engine
Authors: Wang Tengqiang , Guo Yingfu , Wang Guangbin , Wang Xiaohui
Published: June 2021

There is a large amount of information about the wear failure status in the particles, and the current wear failure status can be judged by monitoring them. In this paper, the main shaft bearing wear failure causes the change of metal particles in the lubricating oil and further causes the deterioration of the bearing condition. Based on the lubricating oil metal chip particle test system on the bearing testing machine, the particle size distribution change data in the bearing oil is obtained and the metal oil The main bearing fault prediction model with particle number and particle size as characteristic parameters realizes the fault diagnosis and condition evaluation of main shaft bearing wear based on the lubricating oil metal chip particle test, thereby effectively providing technical support for turboshaft engine fault diagnosis.
Prospects for vibromechanical spheroidization of metal powders
Authors: Samukov Alexander , Cherkasova Margarita , Kuksov Maksim , Dmitriev Sergei
Published: June 2021

The paper contains a review of the main technologies used for producing metal powders for 3D printing. The prospects are shown for the development of an energy-saving technology for mechanical spheroidization of metal powders using metal processing waste and vibration effects. The results of respective experiments are presented.
A novel calculation expression for the experimental friction coefficient of the ball screw
Authors: Zhang Yishen , Zhou Changguang , Feng Hutian
Published: June 2021

The friction coefficient inevitably affects the friction force between balls and raceway thus might significantly change the performance of the ball screw. However, the traditional methods for determining friction coefficient are based on different empirical values which may lead to different results. To this end, this paper studies the variation law of the friction coefficient by considering different lubrication states between balls and raceway. An experiment is carried out, through which a Stribeck tribology-based expression of the friction coefficient is proposed. The given results provide two obvious stages of lubrication, and the turning point of the two stages represents the minimum value of the friction coefficient. Moreover, the rotational speed is the main factor that influences the value of the friction coefficient based on the calculation of the average central film thickness.
Response spectrum method for spatial seismic ground motion
Authors: Poznyak Elena , Chirkov Viktor , Bugaevsky Alexei , Simbirkin Valery , Kurnavin Victor
Published: June 2021

For seismic analysis of wide structures (for example, airports, stadiums, bridges, etc.), it is important to consider the wave seismic motion of the ground with spatial variability. The differential seismic motion is described by the vector field of kinematic parameters at each point of the base. The differential model of seismic excitation is used for structures on a flexible foundation or discrete supports, if the short-length waves (compared to the size of the foundation) are dominated in seismic waves spectrum. Such excitation is accompanied by angular displacements due to uneven translational ground motions, and it is not yet possible to consider using standard seismic analysis. This paper presents a method of differential seismic analysis with the corresponding modification of the response spectrum (RSM) method. The proposed method requires three accelerograms at each reference point. These accelerograms can be obtained during detailed seismic zoning. To illustrate the method, a model of a stadium cover is considered, for which it is important to apply a spatial differential seismic excitation, and some properties of the excitation are described and analyzed.
Research on the effect of the charge diameter on the slow cook-off performance of HMX base explosive
Authors: Jian Yang , Penggang Jin , Hongbin Li , Songtao Ren
Published: June 2021

In order to study the effect of the charge diameter on the slow cook-off (SCO) performance of HMX (cyclotetramerthylenetetranitramine) based explosives, a typical cyclotetramerthylenetetranitramine based explosive was used as the research object, and the effect of the different charge diameters on the slow cook-off performance was studied. The research results show that: the charge diameter has no significant effect on the response level of the cyclotetramerthylenetetranitramine based explosives. The reaction time and ambient temperature increase with the increase of the charge diameter, and the center temperature decreases with the increase of the charge diameter. The ambient temperature and the center temperature change regularly with the increase of the charge diameter.
Research on key technology of automatic loading and unloading of dual pipe directional drilling
Authors: Li Kun , Yao Yafeng
Published: June 2021

Dual-tube directional drilling technology is an effective method to solve the problem of long directional drilling in soft coal seam. According to the requirements of double pipe directional drilling, this paper introduces the structure of the mainframe of double pipe drilling rig, and develops a kind of double pipe automatic loading and unloading device, which can load and unload of drill pipe and casing at the same time. According to the different working conditions of double pipe drilling, the process flow of double pipe automatic loading and unloading is introduced. The research of double pipe automatic loading and unloading device and its process method lays a foundation for the popularization and application of double pipe directional drilling technology in related fields of coal bed methane exploitation.
Active reduction of magnetic noise occurring in the stators of an induction motors
Authors: Ermolaev Artem , Erofeev Vladimir , Plekhov Alexandr , Titov Dmitriy
Published: June 2021

The article describes a method for active reduction of magnetic noise generated by a magnetic field that exists in the airgap of an induction motor. In this article a mathematical model of the process of magnetic noise excitation in a stators is presented. The model take into account that magnetic field waves, radial magnetic force waves (so-called Maxwell forces) and stator deformation waves (magnetic noise) are characterized by their own values of amplitude, mode number, frequency and phase shift. By comparing the equations for calculating the stator mechanical impedance, the amplitude of the radial magnetic force and the simplified magnetic noise equation, the relationships between these variables were established. The method of active reduction of magnetic noise proposed in the article is based on the use of these relationships. The novelty of the proposed method lies in the use of the filtered spectrum of output signal of the accelerometer installed on the stator to determine the most intense harmonics of the magnetic field in the motor airgap in order to further suppress them. The compensation signal generated by a special device adapts not only in frequency, but also in phase and amplitude of each vibration-disturbing harmonic.
Experimental measurement of thermal shock wave in C/Ph induced by electron beam radiation
Authors: Lin Yan-Jia , Lin Peng
Published: June 2021

The attenuation characteristic of thermal shock wave in a new type of carbon phenolic (C/Ph) radiated by pulsed electron beam were studied experimentally on “FLASH II” accelerator with PVDF transducer. The attenuation trend of thermal shock wave produced by electron beam radiation in the material is calculated by means of numerical simulation. Experimental results show that: when electron beam energy fluxes are in the range of 169-531 J·cm-2 and the electron’s mean energy is about 0.6 MeV, stress at 4 mm from the irradiation surface of C/PH are in the range of 0.12-2.22GPa. The experimental results of the attenuation trend of thermal shock waves are in good agreement with the simulation results.
A stochastic model of plane grinding dynamic for the texture formation analysis
Authors: Voronov Sergey A. , Kiselev Igor A. , Voronova Irina S.
Published: June 2021

A mathematical model of plane grinding by the tool which is modeled as a disc with distributed on its surface abrasive grains, owning random geometric characteristics in the paper is analyzed. Cutting is modeled separately by each grain under kinematically given tool motion. The system of equations, describing the relations between the surface coordinate cut by permanent grain and the surface coordinate machined by previous grain, is obtained. The solution for a single track is analyzed, determining the configuration of workpiece surface under multiple grains’ passages. An array of varying dimension is used, in order to store the change of all grains’ cutting thickness in grinding process. The interaction forces at each grain being in contact with the machined surface are summarized at each time step. The dynamic model is based on the consideration of insufficient rigidity of the technological system characteristics, which is inherent while grinding of complex parts in aircraft and space industry. The arising vibrations can significantly affect on precision and surface quality. The problem is especially important in processing complex parts, such as turbine blades, where the precision and surface roughness, residual stresses define the process efficiency. The estimation of system parameters and cutting conditions influence on the machined surface errors generated while processing simulation is analyzed. It was shown that system vibration is excited with the frequencies of grain pass (rotation frequency) and with the eigenfrequencies of the elastic dynamical system also, which are typical for the regenerative mechanism of excitation.
A new feature of magnetic memory signal for quantitative identification of stress concentration
Authors: Liu Shujun , Yong Qiwei , He Dean , Zuo Yonggang , Zhang Zhen , Zeng Guodong
Published: June 2021

Magnetic memory detection technology is a new nondestructive testing technology developed in recent 20 years, which can detect the stress concentration of ferromagnetic materials. At present, the quantification of stress concentration in magnetic memory testing is always a difficult problem. In the quantitative research of magnetic memory detection, the key is to extract the effective characteristics of magnetic memory signal. In this paper, a feature of magnetic memory signal based on wavelet packet energy spectrum is proposed. The experimental results show that the stress concentration of ferromagnetic materials is related to the wavelet packet energy spectrum distribution of magnetic memory signals. The lower the stress concentration, the more scattered the energy spectrum distribution of wavelet packet. The higher the stress concentration is, the more concentrated the energy spectrum of wavelet packet is, and the energy of wavelet packet is mainly concentrated in the low frequency band.
Experience of estimation of negative impact of noise to the human health in conditions of urban territories
Authors: Vasilyev Andrey V.
Published: June 2021

Russian methods and approaches to estimation of noise influence to the human health are described. Criteria of risks to health damage during noise impact are suggested. Method and results of correlation-regressive analysis of population illnesses from noise negative impact are described. Dependences of population illnesses from noise are shown. For noise perception by different groups of population special questionnaires were developed. Results of population questionnaire survey are analysed. It was obtained that the older the age of inhabitants the most negatively they are percepting noise impact in the same conditions with the people of other ages. It is possible to state that there is exist reliable statistically important dependence of growth of morbidity according to considering nosologies from acoustical pollution and the growth of perception of inhabitants or negative noise impact.
Some results of experimental research of low frequency gas dynamic pulsations in pipelines of compressor mounts
Authors: Vasilyev Andrey V.
Published: June 2021

Experimental researches of characteristic of low frequency gas dynamic gas pressure pulsations and caused by it noise and vibration were carried out on experimental compressor mount and in real industrial conditions. Analysis of results of experimental researches was carried out. According to results of experimental researches for compressor mount both in laboratory and in industrial conditions the maximal values of gas pressure pulsations were observed on the main frequency of compressor operation. It was experimentally shown that gas pressure pulsations are making the main contribution into forming of low frequency sound and vibration of compressor mount.
Dijital Çağda Mimarlık ve Süsleme İlişkisini Yeniden Düşünmek
Authors: Balkan Sevgin Aysu , Koca Arife
Published: June 2021

Süsleme, dönemin koşullarının ve toplumun estetik beğenilerinin bir yansıması olarak tasarım pratikleriyle yakından ilişkili bir ifade aracıdır. Tasarım ve üretim araçlarının teknolojik gelişmelerin etkileri doğrultusunda dönüşüme uğraması, mimarlıkta süsleme konusunda yeni tartışma konularının ortaya çıkmasına neden olmuştur. Çalışmanın amacı, mimarlık ve süsleme ilişkisini dijitalleşen dünya çerçevesinde tekrar düşünmektir. Tarihsel süreçte mimarlıkta süslemenin nasıl ele aldığına dair veriler ortaya konulmuştur. Bu veriler üzerinden, süslemenin mimarlık pratiği için ifade ettiği değişken durumdan bahsedilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında günümüz teknolojileri kullanılarak üretilen parametrik tasarımların, etkileşimli medya yüzeylerinin, kinetik cephelerin yapıdaki süsleme anlayışına nasıl etkileri olduğu, örnekler üzerinden açıklanarak çıkarımlar yapılmaktadır. Dijitalleşme ile tasarım sürecinde meydana gelen ekonomik, sosyal ve kültürel anlamdaki değişimlerin estetik algı ve dolayısıyla süsleme anlayışı üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Yapı teknolojilerinin gelişmesiyle soyut ve dinamik bir hal alan bu kavram; dijital çağın entelektüel yönelimi, tasarım–üretim yöntemleri ve estetik anlayışı bağlamında tartışılmaktadır.
FEATURES OF INNOVATIVE POLICY OF CHINA. EXPERIENCE FOR RUSSIA
Authors: Moliy G. M.
Published: June 2021

The article examines the features of China's economic and political reforms, which led to the country's transition to a new stage in the development of the national economy – a factor model based  on  investments.  The  absolute indicators demonstrating the level  of  scientific  and technological development of China make the country one of the modern leaders. The country strives to become a leader in innovation by 2035. The paper notes the intermediate successes achieved  by  the  Chinese  government  in  the  development  of  the  economy  of  innovation. The country's interest in technologies of the 6th technological order is noted, expressed in the growth of investment in venture capital. The crisis caused by COVID-19 has had an impact on the  global  innovation  sphere,  and  interest  in  developments  in  the  field  of  medicine  and healthcare has been noted. Expenditures for research in pharmaceuticals and biotechnology can be predicted to rise. In Russia, at present, in general, the main systems of the innovation system have  been  formed,  while  they  are  not  sufficiently  coordinated.  The  difficulty  lies  in  the introduction of innovative technologies into production. Relying on the scientific achievements of  the  USSR  period,  using  the  experience  of  China,  Russia  has  the opportunity to introduce innovative technologies. The article assesses the prospect of applying the experience of China in  the  national  innovation  system  of  Russia.  An  assessment  of  the  features  of  the  Russian innovation system is given.
BASIC TERMS OF DELIVERY AS A DECISIVE FACTOR AFFECTING THE VALIDITY OF A FOREIGN TRADE CONTRACT AND THE CORRECTNESS OF THE CALCULATION OF THE CUSTOMS VALUE OF GOODS
Authors: Sladkova A. A.
Published: June 2021

The article deals with some aspects of the legal regulation of relations between the counterparties of a foreign trade transaction. Based on the results of the analysis of the practice of the International Commercial Arbitration Court at the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation, conclusions are drawn on the application of the provisions of the UN Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods of 1980 in resolving disputes between the parties to a foreign trade contract. The features of using the delivery bases under INCOTERMS 2020 in order to form the transport conditions of a foreign trade contract are revealed, and also, using the example of several delivery bases, it is indicated what transport costs should be charged to the contract value of goods in order to form the correct customs value. Based on the consideration of some court decisions, the role and significance of the delivery basis were determined both for resolving disputes between counterparties in case of accidental damage or loss of cargo during transportation, and for correctly determining the amount of the customs value of goods. A specific example is used to calculate the amounts of transport costs, insurance and customs value for each product when they are delivered together, when the total transport costs and insurance are initially determined for them.
CURRENT STATE, TRENDS AND CHALLENGES OF CHINA’S DIGITAL TRADE
Authors: Geng Changjun
Published: June 2021

The digitalization of economy has a significant impact on the economic sector and on other activities. In recent years, there has been a sharp increase in the digitalization of the economy in China, primarily in such an area as digital trade. China's digital trade has grown steadily in recent years, and its share in China's trade has also increased. This article proposes the term “digital trade” and presents its characteristics. Analyze the state of the China’s digital trade, the features and  main  trends  in  the  development  of  digital  trade  in  goods  and  services.  In  addition,  put forward current problems in the development of digital trade in China. It is concluded that digital trade in China as a whole has a positive trend, but in the future, instead of digital trade in goods, digital  trade  in  services  will  become  a  major  driving  force  of  China's  digital  trade.  With  the development of cloud computing, cloud outsourcing and offshore services will become a new sector of digital services trade in the coming years. It was noted that China's digital trade is a driver  for  innovative  trade  growth  and  has  an  active  impact  on  China's  trade  and  economic activity.
CURRENT TRENDS IN INTERNATIONAL MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS OF PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES
Authors: Sinitsova Yana S.
Published: June 2021

The article analyzes the results of mergers and acquisitions of global pharmaceutical companies and  their  impact  on  the  global  pharmaceutical  industry.  The  relevance  of  this  research is determined by the high significance of mergers and acquisitions of global pharmaceutical companies on the global pharmaceutical industry and market. A comprehensive approach is used to assess the impact of mergers and acquisitions of pharmaceutical companies on the global pharmaceutical  industry.  The  article  presents  statistical  data  on  the  volume  and  number  of venture  investments  in  the  pharmaceutical  and  biotechnological  industries.  The  reasons  for mergers and acquisitions by pharmaceutical companies, as well as the dynamics of the activity of such transactions, are determined. The geographical structure of stock transactions and the total number of mergers and acquisitions of pharmaceutical companies are presented, as well as examples of the largest mergers and acquisitions of pharmaceutical companies.