bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DOES MORAL HAZARD OCCOUR IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SOCIAL HEALTH INSURANCE? EVIDENCE FROM PUBLIC HOSPITALS IN A RURAL PROVINCE OF INDONESIA
Authors: Machmud Rizanda , Syafrawati Syafrawati , Aljunid Prof. Syed Mohamed , Semiarty Rima
Published: June 2020

Indonesia is now encountering moral hazard problems in the implementation of social health insurance. BPJS, as the administrator of Indonesia’s National Health Insurance, reported that there was an increase in deficit in the 4 years of the implementation of National Health Insurance from US$ 228 million in 2014 to US$ 470 million in 2016. Despite efforts conducted to overcome the problem, no evidence-based predictor that might be significantly associated with moral hazard in a rural province hospital in Indonesia. The purpose of this research is to identify the incidence of moral hazard in the implementation of National Health Insurance in Indonesia. Data consisting of 180 medical records obtained from three public hospitals in rural province of Indonesia were selected as samples in this study. These medical records were reviewed by Independent Senior Coder (ISC) who had more than 5 years experiences as a coder. The indicators of moral hazard in this study were upcoding, readmission, and possible unnecessary admission. Logistic regression was used to explore determinant of moral hazard from patient, coder, and physician side. The results show that rate of moral hazard cases for upcoding is 10%, readmission is 2.8%, and possible unnecessary admission is 18.9%. It can be seen from multivariate analysis that discharge status, severity level and LOS have a significant relationship with moral hazard. Illness severity level, Discharge against Medical Advice, and higher Length of Stay are risk factors for moral hazard incidence.
ANALYSIS OF THE READINESS OF INDONESIAN PEOPLE AND REGULATIONS IN HANDLING FRAUD ON TECHNOLOGY EXPLOITATION
Authors: Kusumawati Mustika Prabaningrum , Rahman Ari Nur , Rahman Panzi Aulia , Sumule Henry Adrian , Triyono Endrojoyo Sigit
Published: June 2020

The development of information technology has a big influence in supporting business continuity among producers, consumers, distributors, and financial service institutions. The development of Financial Technology (Fintech) has now become a trend in modern society that follows the current developments. The positive side of technological development, especially in supporting fast and smooth financial services, can actually create a large gap in the readiness of the use of technology in the industrial revolution 4.0. Without strong preparation, this will increasingly create a big gap in the formation of the Fintech technology-based fraud chain. This paper discusses how a qualitative research using the grounded research model can find out the use of recht vacuum loopholes to commit fraud in the exploitation of technology. In addition, it also encourages the establishment of a regulation that supports the creation of a healthy Fintech ecosystem which is the main key in increasing Indonesia's economic growth. Factors influencing the occurrence of fraud include the lack of public knowledge about how to transact using Fintech, the looseness of applicable regulations, the arrogance of Fintech consumer in utilizing bug software Fintech to get profit as much as possible without thinking about legal consequences, the arrogance of the Fintech company in minimizing the large risks that will occur, and not maximum formation of the Fintech ecosystem with other traditional financial service institutions. The situation is exacerbated by the unavailability of the Whistleblowing System (WBS) through a complaint channel specifically for Fintech. The establishment of the Fintech ecosystem, with the adoption of an anti-fraud system as one of the factors that drive Indonesia's economic growth, can be done by creating a technology-savvy community, especially Fintech; making an integrity pact to support anti-fraud and anti-money laundering among regulators, the Fintech association, and the Fintech companies at the time of making official registration with the regulator; Regulators need to get rid of egotism between institutions by synchronizing verbally or nonverbally through technology channels that are automatically integrated between state institutions and preparing special channels for whistleblower systems or consumer complaints channel specifically for Fintech.
THE IDENTIFICATION OF MONEY LAUNDERING ON DRUG TRAFFICKING
Authors: Nurhadiyanto Lucky
Published: June 2020

Drug trafficking is a holistic process. The involvement of various parties linked with law enforcement efforts. The number of drug trade reaches millilons of tons. This number equivalent to billions of fund that circulating in trading transactions. The one alternative ways to eradicate drug trafficking is to track the cash flow. Because of the financial transactions as the main chain to running this business. Tracking the flow of drug trafficking funds through money laundering approach can be done by indetifying various placement, layering, and integration activities of suspicious financial transactions. The placement pattern becomes the entrance of financial transactions through the participation of the providers of financial services. The layering pattern can consist od smurfing, money changer, and buying a stock portofolio. Meanwhile, the integration pattern enters various business activities with minimal risk. The prediction of money laundering tren based on drug trafficking leads three aspects, that is utilization of technologies, the role of third parties, and the involvement of unscrupulous government and law enforcement.
Analisis Bahan Ajar Textbooks For High School Student Studying The Sciences Chemistry Materi Pokok Hidrokarbon (Dalam Perspektif Kurikulum 2013)
Authors: Rizqiana Fika Atina , Siddiq Mahfudz , Rahmawati Atik
Published: June 2020

Penguasaan bahasa Inggris dalam berbagai bidang, termasuk pendidikan, bersifat sangat penting. Maka dari itu, dalam proses pembelajaran diperlukan adanya variasi bahan ajar berupa buku teks berbahasa Inggris untuk mengembangkan ilmu pengetahuan peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana sajian materi hidrokarbon (kelengkapan materi, akurasi, pemecahan masalah, komunikasi, koneksi, dan penyampaian) pada bahan ajar Textbooks For High School Students Studying The Sciences Chemistry yang diterbitkan oleh FHSST Author Afrika Selatan serta relevansinya dengan kurikulum 2013 untuk SMA Kelas X. Metode : Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode analisis dokumen (documentary analysis) atau analisis isi (content analysis). Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu dokumentasi dan wawancara. Adapun sumber data yang digunakan yaitu bahan ajar berupa textbook yang berjudul Textbooks For High School Students Studying The Sciences Chemistry pada materi hidrokarbon dan kompetensi dasar pelajaran kimia materi hidrokarbon kelas X kurikulum 2013. Hasil penelitian : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aspek kelengkapan materi sebesar 62,5 % (cukup); aspek akurasi sebesar 58,3 % (kurang); aspek pemecahan masalah sebesar 75 % (baik); aspek komunikasi sebesar 62,5 % (cukup); aspek koneksi (keterkaitan) sebesar 50 % (kurang); aspek penyampaian (represent) sebesar 62,5 % (cukup). Adapun relevansi materi hidrokarbon pada Textbooks For High School Students Studying The Sciences Chemistry dengan kurikulum 2013 adalah sebesar 31,2 % (sangat kurang). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat diketahui bahwa materi pokok hidrokarbon pada Textbooks For High School Students Studying The Sciences Chemistry terbitan FHSST Authors dari Afrika Selatan tidak memenuhi dari segi isi materi, relevansi dengan kurikulum, dan pembahasannya belum lengkap untuk pembelajaran di SMA kelas X. Namun, textbook ini dapat menambah pengetahuan istilah kimia dalam bahasa inggris dan dapat mendorong siswa maupun guru untuk dapat secara bijak memanfaatkan teknologi sebagai media pendidikan untuk memperoleh informasi pengetahuan sebanyak-banyaknya.
Pengembangan Blog Pembelajaran Kimia Berbasis Contextual Teaching Learning (CTL) Materi Reaksi Oksidasi-Reduksi
Authors: Sulistyani Yeni , Nirwana Ratih Rizqi
Published: June 2020

Pelaksanaan pembelajaran harus mampu menyesuaikan diri agar tujuan pendidikan dapat tercapai. Kegiatan pembelajaran peserta didik tidak hanya dapat dilakukan di sekolah dan pada jam pelajaran saja. Kemudahan akses internet seharusnya dapat dimanfaatkan peserta didik sebagai salah satu sumber belajar. Saat ini sudah tersedia banyak situs yang menampilkan materi-materi pelajaran, namun masih banyak informasi yang tidak sesuai. Sehingga diperlukan pengembangan secara optimal agar bahan ajar yang diakses siswa tepat. Penggunaan blog sebagai media  diharapkan dapat memudahkan peserta didik untuk mengakses materi pelajaran. Materi konsep reaksi oksidasi reduksi merupakan salah satu materi yang dianggap sulit peserta didik. Pengembangan blog pembelajaran ini diharapkan mampu meningkatkan pemahaman peserta didik mengenai konsep reaksi oksidasi reduksi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengembangan Research and Development (R n D), dengan model Reisser dan Molenda (1990-an) yaitu model ADDIE yang meliputi analysis, design, development, implementation, dan evaluation. Blog pembelajaran yang telah dikembangkan mempunyai kategori sangat tinggi atau sangat efektif berdasarkan hasil belajar peserta didik yang meliputi kognitif sebesar 80,04%, afektif sebesar 85,8 %, psikomotorik sebesar 84%, dan tanggapan peserta didik sebesar 85,83 %.  Blog pembelajaran ini layak digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran penunjang pembelajaran kimia berbasis contextual teaching and learning pada materi konsep reaksi oksidasi-reduksi
Keterampilan Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi Peserta Didik Kelas XI dengan Model (Experiential Learning) pada Materi Titrasi Asam Basa
Authors: Khoirussaadah Khoir Saadah , Hakim Fachri
Published: June 2020

Tren dalam studi matematika dan sains internasional menunjukkan 95% peserta didik Indonesia berada pada kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi yang rendah. Upaya untuk menyikapi hal ini, perlu dilakukan inovasi untuk meningkatkan berpikir tingkat tinggi peserta didik. Model pembelajaran (Experiential Learning) merupakan salah satu model pembelajaran yang menciptakan suasana pembelajaran yang kondusif, dan pembelajaran yang dikaitkan dengan pengalaman lansung mampu meningkatkan penguasaan konsep peserta didik dan akan berpengaruh terhadap berpikir tingkat tinggi peserta didik. Jenis penelitian eksperimen, sampel penelitian yaitu peserta didik kelas XI IPA 1 kelas kontrol dan kelas XI IPA 2 kelas eksperimen. Instrumen pengumpulan data berupa soal pretest, posttest dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan berpikir tingkat tinggi peserta didik yang menggunakan model pembelajaran berbasis pengalaman (Experiential Learning) dengan peserta didik yang menggunakan metode konvensional. Hal tersebut sesuai dengan hasil pretest  peserta didik mampu  menjawab 25% soal jenjang  C4, 51%  soal jenjang C5, dan 52% soal jenjnag C6, setelah   menggunakan model pembelajaran berbasis pengalaman (Experiential Learning) mengalami kenaikan dimana peserta didik kelas eksperimen mampu menjawab 44% soal jenjang C4, 74% soal jenjang C5, dan 72% jenjang soal C6.
Pengembangan Modul Kimia Berbasis Teaching Factory pada materi Redoks Terintegrasi Kompetensi Keahlian Teknik Fabrikasi Logam dan Manufaktur
Authors: Fahmi Khoerussani Nur
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini didasarkan karena kurangnya sumber belajar kimia yang dihubungkan dengan materi kejuruan SMK serta didasarkan pada pembelajaran teaching factory yang diterapkan di sekolah belum berjalan maksimal karena tidak ada produk yang dihasilkan dalam pembelajaran kimia. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah menghasilkan modul pembelajaran kimia berbasis teaching factory pada Materi Redoks Terintegrasi Kompetensi Keahlian Teknik Fabrikasi Logam dan Manufaktur serta untuk mengetahui kualitas modul yang dikembangkan. Penelitian pengembangan ini menggunakan jenis penelitian RnD (Research and Development) dengan model pengembangan 4D yang dikembangkan oleh Thiagarajan meliputi tahapan define, design, develop, dan disseminate. Tetapi pada penelitian ini hanya sampai pada tahap develop bagian initial testing. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas X SMK Negeri 7 Semarang kompetensi keahlian TFM. Hasil uji kualitas modul menunjukkan bahwa modul dikategorikan sangat layak oleh validator materi dan media dengan nilai koefisien Aiken’s V sebesar 0,89. Hasil respon angket tanggapan peserta didik dikategorikan baik dengan nilai skor rata-rata  83,11. Berdasarkan data tersebut, modul kimia berbasis teaching factory terintegrasi kompetensi kahlian TFM dinyatakan layak untuk digunakan.
The theory of endobiogeny: biological modeling using downstream physiologic output as inference of upstream global system regulation
Authors: Hedayat Kamyar M.
Published: June 2020

Living organisms are physical, chemical and biological systems organized in fractal hierarchies of structure and function. Various levels of organization may be the object of study: cell, tissue, organ or whole system. The theory of endobiogeny is a global systems approach to living systems in which the patient as a whole is the object of study. It is a global living systems theory of terrain. The essential activity of the terrain is metabolism: the continuous transformation of energy and matter. According to this theory, the neuroendocrine system is the manager of metabolism and hence the terrain. Modeling the neuroendocrine elements of regulation of the terrain is a key tool in clinical assessment of patients. There are various limits to a strictly quantitative measurement of hormone levels and metabolic activity. Therefore, a modeling system has been developed which uses downstream biomarker output from tissues to assess upstream elements of management of the terrain. This method is called the Biology of Functions. Direct and indirect ratios of biomarkers and indexes have been developed to use quantized data to generate a qualitative analysis of relative capability of the organism. The construction of two direct indexes (genital ratio and genito-thyroid), and one indirect index (evoked histamine) are discussed.
Brain CT image segmentation based on 3D slicer
Authors: Wang Yuxuan , Wang Han , Shen Keqin , Chang Jincai , Cui Jianzhong
Published: June 2020

This article focuses on CT images of human brain. Based on the characteristics of CT, 3D Slicer software was used to segment the brain CT images. First, the functions and features of 3D Slicer software are briefly introduced. Second, the principles of threshold segmentation and FCM algorithm are described. Using the Segment Editor module of 3D Slicer software to perform image segmentation, the threshold segmentation method and FCM algorithm are compared.
Development environment construction of medical imaging software 3d slicer
Authors: Jin Shuhan , Yu Guoqing , Song Jingyu , Chang Jincai , Cui Jianzhong
Published: June 2020

3D Slicer is an open source software platform for medical image informatics, image processing and 3D visualization. Due to different medical functional requirements, a 3D slicer tailored to the doctor's needs is a great choice for people. However, the development of open source software has some difficulties in environment construction and other aspects. In this paper, after repeated attempts, literature review and research, GitHub download, CMAKE compilation and VS generation of the appropriate version were found. It can quickly build a 3D Slicer programming environment, which is of great significance for the subsequent modification and development of 3D Slicer.
Process analysis and application summary of surgical navigation system
Authors: Wu Weina , Su Zhao , Ma Liyuan , Chang Jincai , Cui Jianzhong
Published: June 2020

In recent years, with the rapid development of computer image processing technology, medical image technology and location tracking technology, computer-aided navigation system helps doctors to determine the best surgical path through preoperative diagnosis, operation path planning, registration and intraoperative navigation, which makes the operation more accurate, rapid and safe, and opens up a new field for the development of surgery. In this paper, the key technologies, process analysis, function realization and clinical application progress of surgical navigation system are briefly summarized. Finally, this paper also makes a prospect for the development trend of surgical navigation technology.
Control performance of suspension system of cars with PID control based on 3D dynamic model
Authors: Tian Mei , Nguyen Vanliem
Published: June 2020

To evaluate the control performance of the PID controller for the cars, a 3D car dynamic model with 8-DOF which can fully reflect the pitch and roll of the car body is proposed in this study. The PID controller is then researched and applied to control the active suspension system of the cars under the different excitations of the road surface and the various car speeds. The control performance for improving the ride comfort of the driver is evaluated via the root-mean-square (RMS) of acceleration responses of the vertical driver’s seat, pitching and rolling car body angles. The research results show that the PID controller for the car suspension system have an obvious impact on reducing the vibration and controlling the car body shaking in comparison with the passive suspension system.
Qualities of a vibrator, the elastic element of which has different coefficients of stiffness in the two intervals of displacements, in a separate case
Authors: Ragulskis K. , Spruogis B. , Bogdevičius M. , Matuliauskas A. , Mištinas V. , Ragulskis L.
Published: June 2020

Generators of mechanical vibrations with nonlinear stiffness of the elastic element in the conservative case are investigated. It is shown that the vibrator of this type generates several harmonic components and that the number of those multiple harmonics can be controlled. One period of motion is investigated. The presented analytical relationships and numerically obtained graphical relationships reveal the qualities of the system and enable to choose the desirable parameters of motions. The performed investigation of this system showed that eigenvibrations take place with linear spectrums when the system in separate intervals consists from two linear parts. This takes place in the case when the border of difference of coefficients of stiffness is located in the position of equilibrium of the system. In both intervals vibrations by separate partial frequencies take place and general motion depends on the eigenfrequency of the whole system. Of course the latter frequency depends on both partial frequencies. General motion of the whole system takes place according to the infinite linear spectrum of eigenfrequencies. All this enables to create enhanced vibrators by using those qualities and to use them in technologies.
Performance evaluation of potential inland flood management options through a three-way linked hydrodynamic modelling framework for a coastal urban watershed
Authors: Ghosh Mousumi , Mohanty Mohit Prakash , Kishore Pushpendra , Karmakar Subhankar
Published: June 2020

This study proposes a novel comprehensive hydrodynamic flood modelling framework over Mithi river watershed in Mumbai, India, a coastal urban area, to reduce the inundation extent by incorporation of different inland hydraulic scenarios. First, the study addresses the issue of data scarcity by adapting alternate robust techniques to estimate design rainfall, tidal elevation and discharge, the key inputs for a flood model. Following that, a three-way linked flood model has been developed in the MIKE FLOOD platform, considering river, stormwater, overland flow and tidal influence to generate flood inundation and subsequently hazard maps for various inland hydraulic scenarios, by incorporating different feasible cross-sections and lining materials. The flood inundation and hazard maps have been derived for 10-, 50- and 200-year return periods of design rainfall, discharge and tide to identify the best possible flood-reducing hydraulic scenario. It is observed that a ‘trapezoidal river cross-section lined with concrete’ relatively maximizes the reduction in flooding extent. The proposed framework can be implemented as an effective flood mitigation strategy in data-scarce, densely populated and space-constrained areas.
Removal of COD, NH4-N, and perfluorinated compounds from wastewater treatment plant effluent using ZnO-coated activated carbon
Authors: Tang Jiawei , Liu Yu , Su Peidong , Quan Jingwei , Hu Yufeng , Wang Wenqian , Zhang Chunhui
Published: June 2020

This study investigated the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), NH4-N, and perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in the effluent from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) using ZnO coated activated carbon (ZnO/AC). Results suggested that the optimal dosage of the ZnO/AC was 0.8 g/L within 240 min of contact time, at which the maximum removal efficiency of COD was approximately 86.8%, while the removal efficiencies of PFOA and PFOS reached 86.5% and 82.1%. In comparison, the removal efficiencies of NH4-N, PFBA, and PFBS were lower, at approximately 47.9%, 44.0%, and 55.4%, respectively. In addition, COD was preferentially adsorbed before PFCs and NH4-N, when the contact time ranged from 0 to 180 min, and the order of PFCs removal showed a positive correlation with C-F chain length. The kinetic study revealed that the removal of COD, NH4-N, and PFCs could be better depicted and predicted by the Lagergren quasi-second order dynamic model with high correlation coefficients, which involved liquid membrane diffusion, intraparticle diffusion, and photocatalytic reactions. The saturated ZnO/AC was finally regenerated using ultrasound for 3 h and retained excellent performance, which proved it could be considered as an effective and alternative technology.
Immunosuppressive Therapy in Lung Transplantation
Authors: Fernandez-Castillo Juan C. , Cypel Marcelo
Published: June 2020

Long term survival and quality of life after lung transplantation are still affected by the development of
chronic lung graft dysfunction (CLAD). CLAD is the number one cause of death one year after transplant; and
there is no effective therapy available to date. Transplant centers’ approaches include perioperative immunosuppression,
maintenance immunosuppression, and the treatment of eventual rejection. This review will focus on
maintenance immunosuppression and the available data that support these strategies, as well as a brief description
of our desensitization protocol and immunologic risk stratification. Optimization of immunosuppression is key to
increase survival and graft function in transplant recipients, mostly through the combination of drugs. Since the
therapeutic options to manage CLAD are still very limited, more studies are necessary to test new therapies and to
clarify the potential role of new agents.
Exercise and Supplementation of Black Mulberry Fruit Extract, Sunflower Seed and Pumpkin Seed Enhance Cognitive Performance among Sedentary University Students
Authors: Shalan Nor A.A.M. , Rahim Norhazira A. , Mohamad Nur I.
Published: June 2020

Background:

sedentary lifestyle has been found to influence cognitive impairment,
whereas physical activity and diet have been found to reduce the negative impacts of a sedentary lifestyle.

Objectives:

This study aims to examine the synergistic effects of the black mulberry, sunflower seed,
and pumpkin seed supplements, including exercise on cognitive performance among sedentary university
students.

Subjects and Methods:

Participants (n=36) were randomly assigned to receive black mulberry, sunflower seed,
and pumpkin seed with and without exercise for 60 days. Then, they were required to complete cognitive
task assessment for domain attention (visual reaction time and auditory reaction time), perception
(fast counting and basic music) and executive (Eriksen flanker task and Stroop test) on day 0
(baseline), 30, and 60 of the experiment. Following that, blood samples were collected and analyzed
for malondialdehyde serum concentration as an oxidative stress marker.

Results:

All participants showed significant faster reaction time in cognitive tasks for domain attention
and basic music test for domain perception on day 30 and 60 compared to day 0. However, no
significant changes were observed within group, on cognitive task for domain executive. In comparison
between the groups, participants in group treatment showed significant faster reaction time for
cognitive tasks for domain attention and for Erikson flanker task for domain executive as compared
to group exercise alone, and group treatment with exercise. For domain perception (basic music test),
participants in group treatment with exercise achieved faster reaction time compared to group treatment
and exercise alone. Despite the reduction of malondialdehyde concentration in all groups, no
significant difference was found between them.

Conclusion:

It was indicated from the findings that the consumption of black mulberry fruit extract,
sunflower seeds, and pumpkin seeds with and without exercise independently enhanced attention,
perception, and executive function among sedentary young adults.
Synthesis of New Zerumbone Hydrazones and Their In-vitro Anticancer Activity
Authors: Vu Vu V. , Vu Tran K.
Published: June 2020

Background:

A series of new zerumbone hydrazones 5a-f and 9a-f have been synthesized
in via an in situ procedure in high yields. The structure of synthesized compounds has been
confirmed using 1H, 13C NMR and HR-MS. The bioassay result showed that several compounds exhibited
cytotoxic effects against three human cancer cell lines, including HepG-2, SK-LU-1, and
MCF-7. Compound 9a showed the best cytotoxic effect against HepG-2, SK-LU-1, and MCF-7
with IC50 values of 8.20, 6.66, and 9.35 μM, respectively.

Objective:

This study aims at developing new zerumbone hydrazones as anticancer agents based
on zerumbone, a natural compound wildly growing in Vietnam.

Methods:

A series of new zerumbone hydrazones was designed, synthesized, and evaluated for cytotoxicity
against three human cancer cell lines, including HepG-2, MCF-7, and SKLu-1, using the
MTT method.

Results:

The bioassay result showed that several compounds exhibited cytotoxic effects against
three human cancer cell lines, including HepG-2, SK-LU-1, and MCF-7. Especially, compound 9a
displayed the best cytotoxic effect against HepG-2, SK-LU-1, and MCF-7 with IC50 values of 8.20,
6.66, and 9.35 μM, respectively.

Conclusion:

The research results suggest that some compounds could be considered as leads for
the future design of zerumbone hydrazones in which bio-isosteric replacements in theortho position
of the phenyl ring could be performed to improve the cytotoxic activity.
An Overview on Resistivity, Diagnostic Challenges and Zoonotic Significance of: Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP)
Authors: Adhikari Niran
Published: June 2020

Background:

Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is a gram-positive, contagious, rod-shaped intracellular pathogen.

Methods:

MAP is the etiologic agent of Johne’s disease in cattle, and has tremendous economic effect in the ruminant industry. Simultaneously, the MAP has also been suspected as a cause of Crohn’s disease in humans.

Results:

There has been a challenge in the diagnosis of MAP due to its long incubation period, unknown pathogenesis & cross-reactivity among its closely related sub-species. The survival of MAP inside the host macrophages & monocytes, is still unclear. Resistivity & survival of MAP in the outside environment is also high.

Conclusion:

Thus, more research about its pathogenesis, control, and potential role as a zoonotic pathogen must be carried out in future.
Rhanterium suaveolens, Vitamin E and C Pretreatment Prevents Valproic Acid Induced Renal Oxidant Damage
Authors: Amrani Amel , Benaissa Ouahiba , Boubekri Nassima , Benayache Fadila , Benayache Samir , Zama Djamila
Published: June 2020

Background:

Long-term administration of valproic acid (VPA) is known to promote renal
tubular injury mediated by an increase in renal oxidative stress. Recent evidence indicates that natural
antioxidants are alternative to attenuate oxidative stress and kidney damage.

Objective:

This study was performed to investigate the protective effects of n-butanol extract of
Rhanterium suaveolens, vitamin E (Vit E), and vitamin C (Vit C) against VPA induced nephrotoxicity
in mice.

Methods:

Mice were randomly divided into 6 groups (n: 8) and treated daily for 12 days. They received
VPA (300 mg/kg intraperitoneally (ip)), buthanolic extract (100 mg/kg), Vit E (100 mg/kg),
and Vit C (16.66 mg/kg) 1h prior to administration of VPA. On day 13, blood and Kidneys samples
were analyzed for biomarker levels and histopathological changes. Kidneys homogenates were used
for the determination of oxidative stress parameters that include malondialdehyde (MDA),
glutathione (GSH) level and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) activity.

Results:

Treatment with VPA showed a significant increase in the levels of serum creatinine, urea
and malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreasing the enzymatic activity (GPx) as well as GSH levels in
the kidney with marked necrotic epithelial cells and infiltration in kidney sections as compared to the
control group. Pretreatment with the n-butanol extract of R. suaveolens, Vit C or Vit E 1 h prior to
administration of VPA showed a significant decrease in the levels of serum creatinine, urea, and
MDA, as well as an improvement in the antioxidant elements and histological changes compared to
those previously seen in the group treated with VPA alone.

Conclusion:

It is concluded that n-butanol extract of R. suaveolens, Vit C and Vit E pretreatment effectively
improved renal function and tissue oxidative damage caused by VPA.
A Glance on Rare Earth Oxides: Importance, Reserves, De mand,
Applications, Critical Uncertainties, Global Economy, and Zeta Potential
Characterization
Authors: Santos Silas , Rodrigues Orlando , Campos Letícia
Published: June 2020

Background:

Innovation mission in materials science requires new approaches to form functional materials,
wherein the concept of its formation begins in nano/micro scale. Rare earth oxides with general form (RE2O3; RE from
La to Lu, including Sc and Y) exhibit particular proprieties, being used in a vast field of applications with high
technological content since agriculture to astronomy. Despite of their applicability, there is a lack of studies on surface
chemistry of rare earth oxides. Zeta potential determination provides key parameters to form smart materials by
controlling interparticle forces, as well as their evolution during processing. This paper reports a study on zeta potential
with emphasis for rare earth oxide nanoparticles. A brief overview on rare earths, as well as zeta potential, including
sample preparation, measurement parameters, and the most common mistakes during this evaluation are reported.

Methods:

A brief overview on rare earths, including zeta potential, and interparticle forces are presented. A practical
study on zeta potential of rare earth oxides - RE2O3 (RE as Y, Dy, Tm, Eu, and Ce) in aqueous media is reported.
Moreover, sample preparation, measurement parameters, and common mistakes during this evaluation are discussed.

Results:

Potential zeta values depend on particle characteristics such as size, shape, density, and surface area. Besides,
preparation of samples which involves electrolyte concentration and time for homogenization of suspensions are
extremely valuable to get suitable results.

Conclusion:

Zeta potential evaluation provides key parameters to produce smart materials seeing that interparticle forces
can be controlled. Even though zeta potential characterization is mature, investigations on rare earth oxides are very
scarce. Therefore, this innovative paper is a valuable contribution on this field.
Investigating the Antitumor Activities of Curcumae Rhizoma by Building HepG2 Tumor-bearing Nude Mice Models and Exploring its Anticancer Mechanism by Observing Glycoprotein Expression of Tumor Tissues Using Lectin Microarray Technology
Authors: Gu Wei , Meng Fanwang , Tong Huangjin , Ji De , Li Lin , Liu Lu , Lu Tulin , Mao Chunqin
Published: June 2020

Background:

Curcumae Rhizoma (CR) comes from Curcuma genus, functional breaking blood stasis,
detumescence and acesodyne for treatment of Zhengjia accumulation, amenorrhea, traumatic injury and bruising pain.
Modern pharmacological studies have shown that the main monomer compositions of Curcumae Rhizoma, such as
curcumol, β-elemene, curcumin, have good anti-tumor effects. However, the mechanisms are not clear yet. Previous
studies have revealed that the associated glycoprotein showed significant differences with normal people after the
development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods:

In this study, the anticancer activities of CR extract were investigated by constructing HepG2 tumor bearing
nude mice models. Furthermore, glycan profiles of tumor tissues were thoroughly characterized by lectin microarrays, a
high-throughput technique, in an effort to explore the anticancer mechanism of Curcumae Rhizoma.

Results:

It is indicated that CR extract might inhibit the tumor proliferation in tumor-bearing model and the potential
mechanisms might be CR treatment altered protein glycosylation of tumor cell, which plays an important role in the
pathogenesis and progression of HCC. In detail, fucosylation (identified by PSA and UEA-I), bisecting GlcNAc or multianternnary (identified by PHA-E+L) and terminal GalNAc (identified by BPL) decreased, while sialylation (identified by
WGA and SNA), high-mannose (identified by ConA) and T-antigen/TN-antigen/sialyl-T antigen (identified by ACA)
increased in CR treatment group compared to model group. Similar phenomenon also occurred in two positive groups,
western medicine cyclophosphamide (CTX) and Chinese medicine monomer β-elemene administration groups, especially
in β-elemene administration one. The liver contains various receptors on sinusoidal and hepatocyte surfaces, and many
proteins that bind to these receptors reply on carbohydrate moieties during the development of HCC.

Conclusion:

In this point of view, a search for the biological significance of glycosylation expression and its function
after Chinese Medicine administration in HCC may open a new direction in glycobiology.
Stacking Regression Algorithms to Predict PM2.5 in the Smart City Using Internet of Things
Authors: Banga Alisha , Ahuja Ravinder , Sharma Subhash C.
Published: June 2020

Background:

With the increase in populations in urban areas, there is an increase in pollution also. Air pollution is one of the challenging environmental issues in smart cities.

Objective:

Real-time monitoring of air quality can help the administration to take appropriate decisions on time. Advancement in the Internet of Things based sensors has changed the way to monitor air quality.

Methods:

In this paper, we have applied two-stage regressions. In the first stage, ten regression algorithms (Decision Tree, Random Forest, Elastic Net, Adaboost, Extra Tree, Linear Regression, Lasso, XGBoost, Light GBM, AdaBoost, and Multi-Layer Perceptron) is applied and in second stage best four algorithms are picked and stacking ensemble algorithms is applied using python to predict the PM2.5 pollutants in air. Data set of five Chinese cities (Beijing, Chengdu, Guangzhou, Shanghai, and Shenyang) has taken into consideration and compared based on MAE (Mean Absolute Error), RMSE (Root Mean Square Error), and R2 parameters.

Results:

We observed that out of ten regression algorithms applied, extra tree algorithm exhibited the best performance on all the five datasets, and further stacking improved the performance.

Conclusion:

Feature importance for Sheyang and Beijing city was computed using three regression algorithms, and we found that the four most important features are humidity, wind speed, wind direction and dew point.
Giant Relapse Sigmoid Volvulus: Case Report
Authors: Badak Bartu , Aslaner Erhan , Gambarov Nahid
Published: June 2020

Sigmoid volvulus is one of the acute abdomen that requires endoscopic intervention and/or surgery. High recurrence rates after detorsion require patients to be operated under elective conditions. A 32 year oldmental retarded male patient was operated for recurrent sigmoid volvulus. In this study, we aimed to present a giant recurrent sigmoid volvulus case accompanied by diaphragmatic hernia.
Chiari Network in Patient with Interatrial Septal Defect and Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Manetska Olha , Tarchenko Inna
Published: June 2020

Chiari network is a moving fibrous mesh-like structure that is visualized in 2% of cases in the right atrium. It is attached on one side to the valve of the inferior vena cava and on the other to different parts of the right atrium. In most cases this structure has no clinical significance and may be an accidental finding during echo- imaging. But sometimes it can be a source of thrombosis and in the future – the cause of thromboembolism, or, conversely, be an obstacle to the movement of thrombus.
State of Comorbidity in Patients with Hypertension under Conditions of Industrial Production
Authors: Levchenko Valerii , Vakaliuk Ihor , Hordiichuk Liubov , Ovchar Anna , Maksymiak Mariana , Svystun Ivanna , Levchenko Lesia
Published: June 2020

Comorbid conditions in patients with hypertension on the background of occupational hazards create additional problems in the treatment of hypertension. An analysis of working conditions in 76 workers of the Ivano-Frankivsk armature factory who underwent regular medical check-ups regarding first-/second-degree hypertension (the main group) showed that they were exposed to occupational hazards of chemical (acrolein carbon, iron oxide, chromium, fluorine compounds, sulfuric acid) and physical (high temperature, noise, vibration, electromagnetic radiation, dust) nature for a long period of time (from 4 to 11 years). Comorbid conditions were most often observed among the patients of the main group as compared to the patients of the control group (n = 17), who were not exposed to occupational hazards - 82.06% and 73.34% of cases, respectively. In the patients of the main group, chronic bronchitis was detected in 26.56% of cases and coronary artery disease was diagnosed in 25.09% of cases as compared to 8.33% and 18.34% of cases in the control group. At the same time, 38.89% of hypertensive patients of the main group were diagnosed with chronic bronchitis and concomitant coronary artery disease, which were not observed in the patients of the control group. The patients of the main group were more likely to have dyslipidemia, left ventricular hypertrophy, aortic fibrosis, hypertensive retinopathy as compared to the patients of the control group. In the control group, patients with overweight and type 2 diabetes mellitus prevailed. Quality of life assessment using the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey among the patients of the main group revealed a significant decrease in the indicators of physical and vital activity, fulfillment of daily professional duties. In the control group, a worsening emotional state prevailed.
Generación automática de frases literarias
Authors: Moreno Jiménez Luis Gil , Torres-Moreno Juan Manuel , S. Wedemann Roseli , SanJuan Eric
Published: June 2020

En este artı́culo abordamos el tema de la generación automática de frases literarias, que es una parte importante de los estudios relacionados al área de la Creatividad Computacional (CC). Proponemos tres modelos de generación textual guiados por un contexto, basados principalmente en algoritmos estadı́sticos y análisis sintáctico superficial. Los textos generados fueron evaluados por siete personas a partir de 4 criterios: gramaticalidad, coherencia, relación con el contexto y una adaptación del test de Turing, en donde se pidio a los evaluadores clasificar los textos en: textos generados automáticamente y textos generados por humanos. Los resultados obtenidos son bastante alentadores.
Subjetividade em correções de redações
Authors: Cançado Márcia , Amaral Luana , Amorin Evelin , Veloso Adriano , Mello Heliana
Published: June 2020

As redações são instrumentos avaliativos muito importantes para os estudantes brasileiros. Mesmo que seja assumido que a subjetividade esteja presente em todo e qualquer texto, espera-se que as correções dessas redações sejam feitas com o mínimo de subjetividade possível. Entretanto, a partir da análise de uma amostra de correções de redação, percebemos um alto grau de subjetividade nesses textos. Baseados nessa pré-análise, feita de forma manual, levantamos a hipótese de que o gênero "correção de redação" é mais subjetivo do que se esperaria. Para corroborar essa hipótese, elaboramos uma lista de operadores linguísticos, marcadores de viés, dividida em quatro categorias: operadores argumentativos, operadores de pressuposição, operadores de modalidade e operadores de opinião e valoração. Essa lista foi aplicada, através de uma metodologia de detecção automática de linguagem enviesada, a um corpus de correções de redação. A partir disso, quantificamos os operadores de viés presentes nesses textos. Foram também analisados esses operadores de viés em dois outros corpora: de resumos acadêmicos e de resenhas de produtos publicadas em sites de vendas na internet. A ideia dessa análise foi compararmos a distribuição dessas marcas de viés nas correções de redação e em gêneros reconhecidamente menos subjetivos (resumos acadêmicos) e reconhecidamente mais subjetivos (resenhas). Para tal comparação, lançamos mão de uma ferramenta estatística muito utilizada na análise de comparação de dados, os boxplots. Os nossos resultados mostraram que a distribuição de operadores de viés linguístico nas correções de redação se aproxima mais da distribuição desses itens em resenhas do que em resumos acadêmicos. Isso corrobora nossa hipótese e indica que o grau de subjetividade das correções é alto, estando mais próximo do grau de subjetividade de um texto como as resenhas. Concluímos, portanto, que essas correções refletem pontos de vista do corretor, que se afastam dos critérios de correção, o que coloca dúvidas sobre a consideração desse gênero como um instrumento avaliador isento e justo.
Editorial
Authors: Simões Alberto Manuel Brandão , Gómez Guinovart Xavier , Almeida José João
Published: June 2020

Caras lectoras e caros lectores,

Chegamos ao duodécimo volume da Linguamática, sumando xa vinte e catro exemplares da revista nos seus doce anos de vida. Nesta longa xeira, tentamos sempre fornecer unha publicación académica de calidade con artigos científicos orixinais que presentasen, en cada momento, o estado da cuestión da investigación no eido do procesamento da linguaxe natural no dominio lingüístico específico das nosas linguas peninsulares: portugués, galego, catalán, castelán, éuscaro, asturiano, mirandés ou aranés. Alén diso, promovemos que os artigos estivesen sempre escritos preferentemente nunha desas nosas linguas, coa aspiración de crear conciencia de comunidade científica e favorecer sinerxías entre os diversos grupos de investigación dentro deste ámbito.

Aínda que non todos os nosos obxectivos foron atinxidos aínda na súa totalidade, o certo é que a Linguamática foi aumentando a súa valoración nos distintos índices mundiais creados para a avaliación da calidade das revistas científicas, o que consideramos un recoñecemento para todos e todas as que colaboramos en levar adiante este proxecto. Neste senso, logo de Scimago/Scopus actualizaren os indicadores SJR das revistas para 2019 e o seu Journal & Country Rank, na nova clasificación a Linguamática ascendeu á clase Q1, isto é, ao primeiro "cuartil" de Scopus no que se catalogan as mellores revistas en cada categoría.

Neste número que xa fai vinte e catro, incluímos oito artigos de investigación elaborados por equipos de investigación en PLN das linguas da Península Ibérica procedentes de Chile, Francia, Brasil, Noruega, España, Galiza, Portugal e o País Vasco. Esperamos que a súa lectura resulte de interese e sexa ben proveitosa.

Finalmente, queremos agradecer de corazón, coma sempre, o labor inmenso desenvolvido por autoras, autores, revisoras e revisores na realización deste número. Sen vós, a Linguamática simplemente non existiría. Obrigados!
Curitiba, minha linda: média digitais, identidade e cidadania
Authors: Kistmann Virginia Borges
Published: June 2020

Este artigo trata da comunicação via design voltada para as cidades inteligentes. Ser uma

cidade inteligente tem sido uma estratégia adotada por várias cidades. Com base nas tecnologias

da informação e comunicação (TIC), cidades inteligentes visam atrair investimentos, aumentando

a competitividade, e, assim, melhorar a qualidade de vida de seus moradores e visitantes. Por

isso, a geração de objetos e elementos de comunicação disponibilizados pelos municípios, tanto

na forma física quanto na digital, faz parte desse processo. Nesse sentido, estudos sobre o papel

do design nas cidades vêm sendo desenvolvidos, principalmente na Europa, com repercussões

recentes no Brasil. Porém, pouco se sabe como os municípios se apropriaram dessas novas

tecnologias para fortalecer a identidade local e promover a cidadania, caracterizando-as como

cidades inteligentes. Assim, este artigo discute o papel do design associado aos média digitais

atualmente em uso, buscando entender sua contribuição para o comportamento do cidadão

auto consciente, independente e atento. Considerando que Curitiba se auto nomeia uma cidade

inteligente, o estudo aqui apresentado tem como objetivo identificar a maneira pela qual o governo

da cidade considera os elementos de comunicação associados aos seus projetos. Como método,

realiza um estudo de campo, levando em consideração as imagens postadas no Instagram,

link da mesma cidade, e os estudos sobre a sociedade em rede (Castells, 2006), os conceitos de

não-lugar (Augé, 1994) e de “enxame digital” (Han, 2018). Como resultado, o estudo aponta a

relevância no avanço de pesquisas que considerem o papel político dessas inserções, para que o

resultado das ações venha a contribuir para a construção da cidadania.
As novas técnicas de pesquisa em comunicação visual: uma proposta metodológica da videografia
Authors: Marín Alba , Contreras Fernando
Published: June 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho é mostrar a aplicação da videografia na pesquisa em comunicação

e especificamente a proposta de um modelo metodológico para produções audiovisuais de

não-ficção. Superados os debates sobre a fragilidade epistémica da antropologia audiovisual, podemos

adotar essas ferramentas visuais caracterizadas pela diversidade de formatos e suportes

à pesquisa social. Para o estudo do documentário, a interdisciplinaridade permite um trabalho

flexível baseado na inter-relação de elementos das diversas disciplinas envolvidas. Propomos um

modelo metodológico composto pela aplicação de análise visual, entrevista em profundidade

e videografia para o estudo do documentário audiovisual. Aplicamos o plano metodológico a

uma amostra de documentários em diferentes formatos. A natureza expandida ou imersiva dos

documentários que analisamos levou-nos à criação de categorias de análise específicas para

esses novos formatos como o interativo, o transmedia ou o imersivo. Além disso, introduzimos

o vídeo em 360º num de nossos estudos de caso para conhecer as suas possibilidades. O artigo

fornece uma comparação entre os formatos de vídeo e uma reflexão teórica em torno do olhar

do pesquisador e da natureza autorreferencial da pesquisa que compartilha o audiovisual simultaneamente

como objeto e método.