bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seasonal variation of phycoerythrin chromophores of Synechococcus spp. in the East Sea/Japan Sea
Authors: Yona Defri , Park Mi Ok
Published: February 2019

The very small size of Synechococcus spp. as one important contributor of ocean primary productivity can be identified using its phycoerythrin pigment chromophores, phycourobilin (PUB) and phycoerythrobilin (PEB). Seasonal variation of the excitation (EX) ratio of PUB and PEB in the surface water of East Sea/Japan Sea was observed. This study aimed to describe the effects of environmental factors during different season to the excitation ratio of PUB and PEB contained Synechococcus spp.  Summer and winter showed slightly similar distributional pattern with PUBEX:PEBEX ratio > 1, while PUBEX:PEBEX ratio < 1 could be found in autumn and spring. The results of this study showed seasonal patterns of phycoerythrin pigment from Synechococcus were highly related with variability of environmental factors. High light intensity during summer and high salinity during winter were the reasons of high PUB:PEB ratio of Synechococcus spp. Moreover, high PUB type of Synechococcus spp. was also dominated the offshore study areas as the result of higher water clarity compared to the one in the coastal areas.
Scientific Knowledge in Sociology: Problem Statement
Authors: Kanygin Gennady V. , Poltinnikova Maria S.
Published: February 2019

The article opens a cycle of publications, which analyze the similarities and differences between the two wide spread modern approaches to the description of society - sociological and informational ones. Both approaches have the same methodological problem to be solved. The problem of expressing hidden knowledge about society that participants in social processes operate with the help of natural language in the course of social communication. In order to harmonize sociological and informational approaches of describing society, it was proposed any natural language statements involved in describing society to be arranged according to the basic principle of information technology - modularity. The proposed way of harmonizing informational and sociological methods of building knowledge about society is invoked by the need to solve two scientific problems formulated in sociology itself - the constructability of social objects and the complexity of social relationships. The paper's methodological proposals are embodied in their computer realization, which practical application is demonstrated in other publications of the authors.
Biography of a sociologist and its manifestation in his professional activities. Searches for methodology and analysis of the study
Authors: Doktorov Boris
Published: February 2019

It is argued that the work of a sociologist is determined by his biography. This provision is revealed by examples of the biographies of Soviet sociologists and the author of this article.
Are High Renewable Energy Shares In Large Power Grids In Indonesia Too Expensive?
Authors: Günther Matthias
Published: February 2019

High shares of power from renewable resources in large power supply grids do not imply insurmountable technical problem anymore. A question is rather whether, besides the technical feasibility, it is also economically viable to go for a high share of power from sun, wind, water, geothermal resources and biomass. This paper scrutinizes the costs of a renewable-energy based power supply in the Java-Bali grid, by far the largest grid in Indonesia. The study refers to a challenging power supply scenario in which 100% of the power in the Java-Bali grid comes from renewable resources. This scenario is expressed in a one-year modeling of the load and the respective power supply in the grid. The modeling identifies possible sets of installed capacities of the different power plant types and storage systems that allow the supply of the required electricity. A cost scenario is applied to these sets, which renders the system costs, and finally the power generation costs. All scenarios refer to the year 2050. The results show that, assuming moderate financing costs, the cost of the electricity generation in the possible supply systems would not be higher than that in currently existing systems in developed countries; and it would even not be far away from the power generation cost in the current Java-Bali grid. A secondary result of the study is that the usage of special long-term storage systems for the balancing of seasonal power supply fluctuations, additionally to pumped storages and batteries, is not economically necessary in the considered grid.
Search for Compounds Suppressing Intestinal α-Glucosidase Expression in Caco-2 Cells
Authors: Noda Kota , Kato Eisuke , Kawabata Jun
Published: February 2019

Diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose level.Reducing carbohydrate absorption from the intestinal tract is an effective strategy to control post-meal blood glucose level. Inhibition of intestinal α-glucosidase, involved in digestion of carbohydrates, is known as an approach to accomplish this. On the other hand, reduction of α-glucosidase amount is expected to work in the similar manner. However, none of the previousstudy pursues this approach. A convenient assay was developed to evaluate α-glucosidase amount employing Caco-2 cells, the intestinal epithelial cell model reported to express α-glucosidase. Sixty plants were screened and two candidate plants, Calluna vulgaris and Perilla frutescens var. crispa were found to reduce α-glucosidase expression. C. vulgaris extract was subjected to activity guided isolation. Proanthocyanidin was identified as the active principle which was analyzed by thiol decomposition to reveal the components as a mixture ofcatechin, epicatechin, epigallocatechin, and A type procyanidin dimer. The proanthocyanidin suppressed about 30% of α-glucosidase amount evaluated through convenient assay, and suppressed bulk of mRNA expression level of sucrase-isomaltase (SI) at 0.125 mg/mL. Several flavan-3-ol monomers were also tested, and epicatechin gallate and epigallocatechin gallate were found to suppress α-glucosidase amount significantly.
Benchmarking Study of Cymbopogon citratus and C. nardus for Its Development of Functional Food Ingredient for Anti-diabetic Treatment
Authors: Widiputri Diah Indriani , Gunawan-Puteri Maria DPT , Kartawiria Irvan S.
Published: February 2019

Cymbopogon citratus and Cymbopogon nardus are two species of Cymbopogon that are commonly cultivated in Indonesia. Studies have shown Cymbopogon activities and potencies for development for various diseases including diabetic treatment. Both C. citratus and C. nardus have long history for culinary and medicinal herb in Indonesia and therefore have a sustainable commercial production that will support their development for functional food ingredient. This work provides a study about industrial observation in several herbal industries along with literature review of herbal industries condition in Indonesia as a benchmarking study to summarize the required research or technical development of Cymbopogon as functional food ingredients. During industrial observation it was shown that Cymbopogon usage in herbal industries were more popular as flavorings rather than for its functionalities. The industrialobservation to several reputable herbal industries showed that despite the similar infrastructure used for extraction and pulverization method, the industries might have different supply procurement and quality requirement, extraction principle, product character and quality control, and therefore market character. The literature review have shown several studies of Cymbopogon functionalities in organic solvents, empirical uses of Cymbopogon as medicinalherbs in water extract, optimization in Cymbopogon cultivation. Heavy studies have been done in the extraction, usage, and characterization of essential oils from Cymbopogon. Many literature showed formulation of Cymbogon for culinary purpose but there are yet formulation based on its functional activities. Both industrial observation and literature review called in the requirement of more study of activities and stabilities of the Cymbopogon aqueous andethanolic extracts, optimization of post-harvest processing, extraction, and further processing to produce Cymbopogon ingredients based on activities and efficiency, and the determination of active fraction/compound(s) responsible for the activity and formulation of food that will enable the usage direction of functional food ingredients.
The Study Using of Colostrum Milk and Edamame to Increase Human Growth Hormone
Authors: Pandjaitan Maruli , Sucianto Natasha Amadea
Published: February 2019

From many years, researchers try to solve problems involves examining the solution of human aging phase. Growth Hormone (GH) is a hormone inside our body that known can regenerate and stimulates cell growth. Growth hormone levels decline as we grow older as a result, gene stops working and our bodies are less capable of repairing damage cells. Nowadays, it is believed that Growth Hormone releaser can be obtain from external sources, a natural source. Colostrum milk is a first milk that produced by mammals during pregnancy. It is a thick yellow liquid and rich in carbohydrates, protein, and antibodies to help keep the newborn healthy. It is also full of antibodies and immunoglobulins that can help protect newborns as they come into our world of bacteria and viruses. With the help of Edamame, that is one of the biggest vitamin B sources and amino acids, both of this external sources of ingredients will help to increase Growth Hormone (GH) inside human body. This research was done by give asubject (human) treatment and observe their physical reaction and Growth Hormone level. From the test conducted, subjects body shows a positive reaction such as healthier according to the health observation. For the HGH level, subjects showed an increase of HGH in the test result that conducted in laboratories. Hence, the treatment of using colostrum milk and edamame with additional ingredients (royal jelly, carrot, zinc tablet) still needs to be develop and deeply study in the future.
The Appropriate Way to Serve Butterfly Pea Flower Drink at Home
Authors: Marpaung Abdullah Muzi , Chiang Samuel
Published: February 2019

This study conducted to find the appropriate way to serve butterfly pea flower drink at home. The colorless, red, purple, and green transparent glass and colorless glass covered by aluminum foil used to contain four grams butterfly pea petal. A 250 ml of boiling water poured to the glass to soak the petal for 60 minutes. The color intensity and total anthocyanin of the liquid measured every five minutes. The regression slope analysis exhibited that light gave no significant decrease in color intensity and total anthocyanin. About 83% of color and anthocyanin extracted within 5 minutes. There was no significant increase of the color and anthocyanin after 30 minutes. Therefore, the maceration of butterfly pea flower in boiling water for five minutes was appropriate to serve the drink. Furthermore, to reach the maximum color and anthocyanin content the 30 minutes maceration is needed. The maximum anthocyanin content of the drink was 19.57 ± 1.16 mg/l or equal to 1.22 ± 0.07 mg per gram fresh petal.
Developing a Web-based Application for Energy Supply Systems
Authors: Faza Mohammed , Galinium Maulahikmah , Guenther Matthias
Published: February 2019

An energy supply system consists of a system of power plants and transmission anddistribution systems that supply electrical energy. The present project is limited to the modellingof the generation system. Its objective is the design and implementation of a web-basedapplication for simulating energy supply systems using the Laravel framework. The projectfocuses on six modules representing geothermal energy, solar energy, biopower, hydropower,storage, and fossil-based energy that are allocated to satisfy a given power demand. It isexecuted as a time series modelling for an exemplary year with hourly resolution. Thedevelopment of the software is divided into four steps, which are the definition of the userrequirements, the system design (activity, use case, system architecture, and ERD), the softwaredevelopment, and the software testing (unit testing, functionality testing, validity testing, anduser acceptance testing). The software is successfully implemented. All the features of thesoftware work as intended. Also, the software goes through validity testing using three differentinput data, to make sure the software is accurate. The result of the testing is 100% accuracy withrespect to the underlying model that was implemented in an excel calculation.
The Impact of Online Reviews and Ratings on Customer Hotel Preferences, Case Study: Tripadvisor
Authors: Natasha Isabella , Are Robert La
Published: February 2019

Online hotel reviews is an important source for customers to find out the products and service quality. Online hotel reviews consist of reviews and ratings. The best online reviews website in TripAdvisor. In this era, online reviews are really important and could affect customer preferences in choosing a hotel. The aim of this research is to analyze in what extent do online reviews and ratings affect customer preferences. This study use survey by distributing a total of 100 questionnaires in order to gain the data. Then, the data will be proceed through SPSS to test the validity, reliability, classical assumption, and multiple regression analysis. The results indicatedthat both of the variables (online reviews and ratings) positively impact customer preferences in choosing a hotel. However, online reviews has a bigger impact towards customer preferences rather than online ratings. It is recommended for TripAdvisor to weed out the fake reviews and guarantee the trustworthy reviews. For the hotel managers, it is recommended to response both, positive and negative reviews that made by customers in TripAdvisor, because it could change someone’s perceptions into the good feeling of the hotel.
Simone de Beauvoir et son père: un « amour de tête » déçu
Authors: Rodgers Catherine
Published: February 2019

Cet article analyse en détail comment, principalement dans Mémoires d'une jeune fille rangée, mais aussi dans d'autres textes autobiographiques, Simone de Beauvoir construit la relation à son père pour élaborer sa propre « belle histoire », quitte à simplifier le portrait de son père et à ignorer l'influence qu'il a pu avoir sur son parcours d'intellectuelle, de femme et de théoricienne féministe. Beauvoir, qui se flattait d'unir « un cœur de femme, un cerveau d'homme » se conduit à la fois en fille bafouée dans son amour pour son père et en fils rival de ce dernier.
The Value of Histological Algorithms to Predict the Malignancy Potential of Pheochromocytomas and Abdominal Paragangliomas—A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Stenman Adam , Zedenius Jan , Juhlin Carl Christofer
Published: February 2019

Pheochromocytomas (PCCs) and abdominal paragangliomas (PGLs), collectively abbreviated PPGLs, are neuroendocrine tumors of the adrenal medulla and paraganglia, respectively. These tumors exhibit malignant potential but seldom display evidence of metastatic spread, the latter being the only widely accepted evidence of malignancy. To counter this, pre-defined histological algorithms have been suggested to stratify the risk of malignancy: Pheochromocytoma of the Adrenal Gland Scaled Score (PASS) and the Grading system for Adrenal Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma (GAPP). The PASS algorithm was originally intended for PCCs whereas the GAPP model is proposed for stratification of both PCCs and PGLs. In parallel, advances in terms of coupling overtly malignant PPGLs to the underlying molecular genetics have been made, but there is yet no combined risk stratification model based on histology and the overall mutational profile of the tumor. In this review, we systematically meta-analyzed previously reported cohorts using the PASS and GAPP algorithms and acknowledge a “rule-out” way of approaching these stratification models rather than a classical “rule-in” strategy. Moreover, the current genetic panorama regarding possible molecular adjunct markers for PPGL malignancy is reviewed. A combined histological and genetic approach will be needed to fully elucidate the malignant potential of these tumors.
OLFM4 Inhibits Epithelial‐Mesenchymal Transition and Metastatic Potential of Cervical Cancer Cells
Authors: Li Juan , Liu Chunyan , Li Dawei , Wan Meng , Zhang Hong , Zheng Xiaoxia , Jie Xuemei , Zhang Pengju , Li Jingjing , Hou Hongchun , Sun Qing
Published: February 2019

OLFM4 has been shown to play an important role in tumor initiation and progression. This study aims to investigate the role of OLFM4 in metastatic cervical cancer and its underlying mechanism. Here we discover that OLFM4 expression is significantly reduced in metastatic cervical cancer.
Accordingly, overexpression of OLFM4 inhibits epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration, and invasion in human cervical cancer cells. To further explore its molecular mechanisms, we reveal that OLFM4 augmentation interferes with mTOR signaling pathway, and the suppressive effects
of OLFM4 on cell migration and invasion are largely weakened by phosphatidic acid (PA)-induced mTOR signal activation, which implicates the potential role of the mTOR pathway in OLFM4-related cervical metastasis. In conclusion, our results confirm OLFM4 as a tumor suppressor that inhibits
cervical cancer metastasis by regulating mTOR signal pathway.
The Interaction Between lncRNA SNHG1 and miR-140 in Regulating Growth and Tumorigenesis via the TLR4/NF-κB Pathway in Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Li Zhen , Li Xin , Du Xiao , Zhang Henghui , Wu Zhengyang , Ren Kewei , Han Xinwei
Published: February 2019

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the second most common primary hepatobiliary carcinoma. The long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 (SNHG1) has been reported to contribute to the progression of multiple cancers. Nonetheless, the functions and hidden mechanism of SNHG1
remain unclear in CCA. In this study, the SNHG1 levels were boosted in CCA cell lines, and knockdown of SNHG1 repressed CCA cell proliferation and invasion in vitro. The data also demonstrated that miR-140 could act as a target of SNHG1 in CCA and inhibited CCA cell proliferation and invasion,
whereas the inhibition effects were relieved by overexpression of SNHG1. In addition, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), an NF-κB-activating signal, was identified to be a target of miR-140. SNHG1, as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-140, enhanced TLR4 expression and activated NF-κB
signaling, thereby regulating growth and tumorigenesis in CCA. Animal experiments further confirmed this conclusion. Collectively, these findings not only uncovered a key role of SNHG1/miR-140/TLR4/NF-κB signaling axis in CCA tumorigenesis and progression but also denoted the probable
utilization of SNHG1 as a therapeutic target for CCA.
Microwave-assisted synthesis of N,N-bis(phosphinoylmethyl)amines and N,N,N-tris(phosphinoylmethyl)amines bearing different substituents on the phosphorus atoms
Authors: Bálint Erika , Tripolszky Anna , Hegedűs László , Keglevich György
Published: February 2019

A family of N,N-bis(phosphinoylmethyl)amines bearing different substituents on the phosphorus atoms was synthesized by the microwave-assisted and catalyst-free Kabachnik–Fields reaction of (aminomethyl)phosphine oxides with paraformaldehyde and diphenylphosphine oxide. The three-component condensation of N,N-bis(phosphinoylmethyl)amine, paraformaldehyde and a secondary phosphine oxide affording N,N,N-tris(phosphinoylmethyl)amine derivatives was also elaborated. This method is a novel approach for the synthesis of the target products.
Suicide in Children and adolescents: a review of articles about this topic
Authors: Viana Bruna Magalhaes , Guimarães Fabiana Gouveia , Silva Carlos César Messias
Published: February 2019

Nowadays, depression in adolescents is understood to be a common, disabling and recurrent disease, with a high level of morbidity and mortality. Thus, it is an important public health problem. Suicide is the act of intentionally ending one’s own life. It is related to biological, social, environmental factors and to the personal history, so, is a complex and multifactor phenomenon. The lack of research and literature with this population hinders the comprehension of the phenomenon and so the improvement of interventions in the field of prevention and care for survivors.  This paper reviews on clinical and epidemiological aspects of suicide in Children, definitions and expressions of suicide among adolescents people are presented, identifying possible risk factors and prevention interventions are discussed.
Astrometry and Occultation Predictions to Trans-Neptunian and Centaur Objects Observed within the Dark Energy Survey
Authors: Banda-Huarca M. V. , Camargo J. I. B. , Desmars J. , Ogando R. L. C. , Vieira-Martins R. , Assafin M. , Costa L. N. da , Bernstein G. M. , Carrasco Kind M. , Drlica-Wagner A. , Gomes R. , Gysi M. M. , Braga-Ribas F. , Maia M. A. G. , Gerdes D. W. , Hamilton S. , Wester W. , Abbott T. M. C. , Abdalla F. B. , Allam S. , Avila S. , Bertin E. , Brooks D. , Buckley-Geer E. , Burke D. L. , Carnero Rosell A. , Carretero J. , Cunha C. E. , Davis C. , Vicente J. De , Diehl H. T. , Doel P. , Fosalba P. , Frieman J. , García-Bellido J. , Gaztanaga E. , Gruen D. , Gruendl R. A. , Gschwend J. , Gutierrez G. , Hartley W. G. , Hollowood D. L. , Honscheid K. , James D. J. , Kuehn K. , Kuropatkin N. , Menanteau F. , Miller C. J. , Miquel R. , Plazas A. A. , Romer A. K. , Sanchez E. , Scarpine V. , Schubnell M. , Serrano S. , Sevilla-Noarbe I. , Smith M. , Soares-Santos M. , Sobreira F. , Suchyta E. , Swanson M. E. C. , Tarle G. ,   DES Collaboration
Published: February 2019

Trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) are a source of invaluable information to access the history and evolution of the outer solar system. However, observing these faint objects is a difficult task. As a consequence, important properties such as size and albedo are known for only a small fraction of them. Now, with the results from deep sky surveys and the Gaia space mission, a new exciting era is within reach as accurate predictions of stellar occultations by numerous distant small solar system bodies become available. From them, diameters with kilometer accuracies can be determined. Albedos, in turn, can be obtained from diameters and absolute magnitudes. We use observations from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) from 2012 November until 2016 February, amounting to 4,292,847 charge-coupled device (CCD) frames. We searched them for all known small solar system bodies and recovered a total of 202 TNOs and Centaurs, 63 of which have been discovered by the DES collaboration as of the date of submission. Their positions were determined using the Gaia Data Release 2 as reference and their orbits were refined. Stellar occultations were then predicted using these refined orbits plus stellar positions from Gaia. These predictions are maintained, and updated, in a dedicated web service. The techniques developed here are also part of an ambitious preparation to use the data from the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST), that expects to obtain accurate positions and multifilter photometry for tens of thousands of TNOs.
Fast Algorithms for Slow Moving Asteroids: Constraints on the Distribution of Kuiper Belt Objects
Authors: Whidden Peter J. , Kalmbach J. Bryce , Connolly Andrew J. , Jones R. Lynne , Smotherman Hayden , Bektesevic Dino , Slater Colin , Becker Andrew C. , Ivezić Željko , Jurić Mario , Bolin Bryce , Moeyens Joachim , Förster Francisco , Golkhou V. Zach
Published: February 2019

We introduce a new computational technique for searching for faint moving sources in astronomical images. Starting from a maximum-likelihood estimate for the probability of the detection of a source within a series of images, we develop a massively parallel algorithm for searching through candidate asteroid trajectories that utilizes graphics processing units (GPU). This technique can search over 1010 possible asteroid trajectories in stacks of the order of 10–15 4K × 4K images in under a minute using a single consumer grade GPU. We apply this algorithm to data from the 2015 campaign of the High Cadence Transient Survey (HiTS) obtained with the Dark Energy Camera (DECam). We find 39 previously unknown Kuiper belt objects (KBOs) in the 150 square degrees of the survey. Comparing these asteroids to an existing model for the inclination distribution of the Kuiper belt we demonstrate that we recover a KBO population above our detection limit consistent with previous studies. Software used in this analysis is made available as an open source package.
Baseline Ocular Characteristics of Patients Undergoing Initiation of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy for Diabetic Macular Edema
Authors: Ansari Waseem H. , Han Michael M. , Haq Siraj , Conti Felipe F. , Silva Fabiana Q. , Singh Rishi P.
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) have variable anatomic and visual responses to anti-vascular endothelial growth (VEGF) treatments based on their presenting visual acuity (VA). The aim of study is to report the baseline ocular and imaging characteristics of patients presenting with DME who were treatment-naïve and who initiated anti-VEGF in routine clinical practice.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Single-center, cross-sectional study of 638 patients. Subjects were divided into two VA groups: Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) less than 70 and ETDRS greater than 70 and ocular variables were compared between groups.

RESULTS:

Average central subfield thickness (CST) was 363.5 μm, cube volume was 11.7 mm
3
, and cube average thickness (CAT) was 326.1 μm. Additionally, 21.5% had subretinal fluid (SRF), and 50.5% had hard exudates on presentation. Eyes with ETDRS less than 70 had greater CAT (338.5 μm
3
vs. 313.2 μm
3
;
P
< .001), greater cube volume (12.2 mm
3
vs. 11.3 mm
3
;
P
< .001), greater CST (383.5 μm vs. 350.0 μm;
P
< .001), and SRF (25.5% vs. 17.3%;
P
= .012). Furthermore, 7.64% had glaucoma, 1.3% had dry age-related macular degeneration, 4.5% of patients were vitrectomized, and 28.7% were pseudophakic. Regarding diabetic stage, 37% had proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and 63% presented with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. Patients presenting with ETDRS less than 70 were more likely to have a history of vitrectomy (7.1% vs. 1.9%,
P
= .002) and presence of PDR (42.3% vs. 31.4%,
P
= .004).

CONCLUSION:

The results describe a population of patients from a routine clinical practice not entirely represented in clinical trials, with key differences in ocular characteristics seen between VA groups.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2019;50:69–75.]
High-Resolution Retinal Imaging Reveals Preserved Cone Photoreceptor Density and Choroidal Thickness in Female Carriers of Choroideremia
Authors: Suzuki Kai , Gocho Kiyoko , Akeo Keiichiro , Kikuchi Sachiko , Kubota Daiki , Katagiri Satoshi , Fujinami Kaoru , Tsunoda Kazushige , Iwata Takeshi , Yamaki Kunihiko , Igarashi Tsutomu , Nakano Tadashi , Takahashi Hiroshi , Hayashi Takaaki , Kameya Shuhei
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To characterize the photoreceptors and choroidal morphology of heterozygous female carriers of choroideremia who typically do not have any visual defects but can have severe funduscopic changes.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

This was a clinical case series study. Detailed ophthalmic examinations were performed on six female carriers from four families with choroideremia. The subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) was determined by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and the cone photoreceptor density by adaptive optics (AO) retinal imaging. SFCT and cone densities of the carriers were compared to that of normal eyes of healthy subjects.

RESULTS:

The mean age of the carriers was 42.5 years. Fundus photographs showed diffuse, patchy depigmentation; however, the SFCT was within the normal limits. AO retinal imaging revealed preserved cone densities at temporal eccentricities from 2 to 8 angular degrees.

CONCLUSIONS:

The findings indicate that despite the presence of distinctive depigmentation of the retinal pigment epithelium in female carriers of choroideremia, their cone photoreceptor densities and SFCT are well-preserved. These observations may account for the good visual acuity and lack of an awareness of visual disturbances.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2019;50:76–85.]
Characterization of Patients With Geographic Atrophy in Routine Clinical Practice
Authors: Conti Felipe , Han Michael M. , Song Weilin , Wai Karen M. , Silva Fabiana Q. , Singh Rishi P.
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

Geographic atrophy (GA) affects millions of patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) worldwide, leading to significant, irreversible visual impairment. This study aims to characterize the visual impairment of patients with GA in a routine clinical practice.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

This single-center, cross-sectional study used a novel natural language processing to select 1,045 GA cases utilizing the macula examination records from 19,359 patients with AMD.

RESULTS:

Patients were classified based on the diagnosis of the fellow-eye as follow: 502 in group 1 (GA:GA), 403 in group 2 (GA : choroidal neovascularization), and 234 in group 3 (GA : early / intermediate AMD). Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in the affected eye was 50.3 (± 22.1) letters in group 1, 52.5 (± 21.3) letters in group 2, and 48.5 (± 23.6) letters in group 3 (
P
< .05). Visual impairment (ineligibility for an unrestricted driver license) was present in 70.5% of group 1, 59.7% of group 2, and 39.6% of group 3. Legal blindness (BCVA < 20 letters in the best-seeing eye) was seen in 2.2% of group 1, 3% of group 2, and 0.8% of group 3.

CONCLUSION:

Differences in visual impairment between subgroups of patients with GA can be seen in routine clinical practice.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2019;50:93–98.]
Clinical Features and Multi-Modality Imaging of Isolated Retinal Astrocytic Hamartoma
Authors: Stacey Andrew W. , Pefkianaki Maria , Ilginis Tomas , Michaelides Michael , Hykin Phill , Webster Andrew , Moore Anthony T. , Sagoo Mandeep S.
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To identify the clinical and imaging characteristics of isolated retinal astrocytic hamartomas (IRAH).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

A case series of eight patients diagnosed with IRAH.

RESULTS:

The average age at diagnosis was 32 years (range: 9 years to 80 years). After a median follow-up time of 59 months, none of the lesions had demonstrated any change or growth. Fundus fluorescein angiogram identified hyperfluorescence in five of six imaged lesions. Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) changes were seen in all eight cases. Ocular ultrasound was able to identify a lesion in only five of the seven cases. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was able to document the tumor thickness and level of retinal invasion in all cases.

CONCLUSIONS:

Multimodal imaging is useful for the diagnosis and monitoring of IRAH. OCT and FAF are sensitivity tools for identifying IRA and can be used to follow the thickness and margins of these lesions.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2019;50:e1–e9.]
Evaluation of Abicipar Pegol (an Anti-VEGF DARPin Therapeutic) in Patients With Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Studies in Japan and the United States
Authors: Kunimoto Derek , Ohji Masahito , Maturi Raj K. , Sekiryu Tetsuju , Wang Ying , Pan Grace , Li Xiao-Yan , Schneider Susan ,   For the BAMBOO and CYPRESS Study Groups
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate comparability of abicipar pegol (abicipar) effects in patients with treatment-naïve neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in Japan and the United States.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Phase 2, multicenter, randomized, double-masked, 20-week studies (BAMBOO, Japan; CYPRESS, United States). Patients (n = 25 each study) received three monthly intravitreal injections of abicipar 1 mg or 2 mg or five monthly intravitreal injections of ranibizumab 0.5 mg.

RESULTS:

Mean best-corrected visual acuity change from baseline at week 16 (primary endpoint) for abicipar 1 mg, abicipar 2 mg, and ranibizumab was +7.8 letters, +8.9 letters, and +17.4 letters (BAMBOO); +4.4 letters, +10.1 letters, and +15.2 letters (CYPRESS). Mean central retinal thickness change from baseline was −187.3 μm, −196.5 μm, and −230.4 μm (BAMBOO); −106.5 μm, −112.8 μm, and −124.4 μm (CYPRESS). Uveitis or vitritis was reported in three abicipar-treated patients.

CONCLUSION:

Abicipar demonstrated extended duration of effect and safety that were comparable between Japanese and non-Japanese patients with nAMD. Abicipar effectively treated Japanese patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2019;50:e10–e22.]
The islamic statute of the Mudejars in the light of a new source
Authors: Van Koningsveld P. S. , Wiegers G. A.
Published: February 2019

El trabajo expone, analiza, y evalúa los datos de una nueva fuente sobre las visiones jurídicas de los ‛ulamā’ con respecto al estatuto islámico de las comunidades islámicas bajo dominio cristiano en la Península Ibérica desde el siglo XII hasta el siglo XVI. Se trata de (1) una fetua desconocida e inédita del sabio andalusí Ibn Rabī‛ (m. 719/1320) y (2) fetuas desconocidas de los principales cadíes de los cuatro madhabs sunníes en El Cairo hacia 1510 A.D. Muy probablemente, hay que relacionar la primera fetua con los acontecimientos en Murcia tras la sublevación mudejar de 1265 y la reconquista cristiana de la ciudad en 1266. El muftí subraya que los musulmanes que viven bajo dominio cristiano están imperativamente obligados a emigrar a territorio islámico. Los principales cadíes de los cuatro madhabs sunníes en El Cairo al principio del siglo XVI, sin embargo, defienden un modo de ver mucho más pragmático. Probablemente, las preguntas fueron planteadas por mudejares de Valencia, que estaban en El Cairo camino de la peregrinación. Finalmente, los autores plantean que hay que distinguir dos tipos coexistentes de visiones con respecto al estatuto del Islam bajo dominio cristiano en la Península Ibérica desde principios del siglo xii; (1) una visión pragmática, equivalente a un reconocimiento de facto del Islam bajo dominio cristiano, y (2) una visión «de rechazo», que asume la obligación de emigrar de la España cristiana a Dār al-Islām. El impacto variable de estas visiones jurídicas merece un estudio más profundo dentro del ambiente histórico de las complejas y cambiantes relaciones políticas entre Islam y Cristiandad en esa época.
Algunas consideraciones espaciales y toponímicas sobre Bobastro
Authors: Martínez Enamorado Virgilio
Published: February 2019

El análisis historiográfico sobre la ciudad de ‛Umar b. Ḥafṣūn, Bobastro (Mesas de Villaverde, Árdales-Málaga) va a permitir la caracterización de este enclave como uno de los más complejos de al-Andalus. No existe, según la documentación que poseemos, ningún otro asentamiento en época emiral que reciba un número tan elevado de aplicaciones terminológicas (ṣajra, ŷabal, madīna, ḥiṣn, qal‛a, qaṣaba, ma‛qil), indicio bastante elocuente de una realidad topográfica muy compleja. Con todo, pocos de estos calificativos tienen un perfil conceptual plenamente delimitado. Con el triunfo del Estado islámico encarnado en el Califato de Córdoba, la situación del lugar de Bobastro va a cambiar radicalmente y la que fuera sede de los ḥafṣūnies se convertirá en refugio circunstancial de algunos gobernantes malagueños.
El arco del Pópulo. En torno al Cádiz musulmán
Authors: Pavón Basilio
Published: February 2019

El antiguo recinto de Cádiz, conocido por el Pópulo, tenía muralla con torres y una puerta en cada uno de sus lados; era presidido por las ruinas del teatro romano que ocupa un tercio de la total extensión superficial del habitat; se cree que en el Pópulo y sus arrabales estaba la ciudad romana. Una de las puertas, hoy llamado Arco del Pópulo, tiene arco apuntado, enjarjado y con la dovela clave destacada en altura de factura árabe erigido probablemente en el siglo XII cuando era gobernador de la plaza Abū l-Ḥasan, que abrazó la causa almohade. Esta puerta y las murallas fueron restauradas en el reinado de Al-fonso X. El Pópulo encerraba una mezquita orientada a SE, suplantada por la actual iglesia de Santa Cruz o Catedral Vieja. Es probable que el Pópulo fuera un ribāṭ o lugar de concentración de guerreros de la Guerra Santa. En el centro de la isla de Cádiz estaría el célebre ídolo o almenara —faro antiguo— descrito por los cronistas árabes. La torre tiene aspecto semejante al Faro de Alejandría y sería modelo de los alminares de mezquitas occidentales.
Souverains, saints et fuqahā’: le pouvoir en question
Authors: Ferhat Halima
Published: February 2019

Este artículo intenta demostrar la falta de sacralidad de los soberanos magrebíes, a los que no se atribuye ningún tipo de poder taumatúrgico o milagroso. Antes bien, el poder es considerado como algo pernicioso, sujeto siempre a la oposición de los círculos religiosos, santos y alfaquíes, oposición que se resuelve en el rechazo del contacto con el sultán o en las críticas a la fiscalidad del Majzan.
La Maqāma de Tarifa de al-Saraqusṭī
Authors: Ferrando Ignacio
Published: February 2019

La colección de 59 maqāmāt escritass por al-Saraqusṭī (siglos XI-XII), aún gozando de reconocido prestigio en círculos literarios antiguos y modernos, ha recibido poca atención de la crítica occidental. Este breve artículo trata de aportar su grano de arena a la tarea de divulgar el contenido y forma de tal obra. Se ha procedido, para ello, a la traducción anotada de la maqāma de Tarifa, una de las más interesantes en lo que atañe a la estructura narrativa, precedida de una serie de consideraciones sobre dos aspectos que no son sino otras tantas vías propuestas para el estudio: la disposición estructurada del material narrativo y los moldes rítmicos que gobiernan la prosa rimada empleada, de acuerdo con la longitud y cualidad silábica de los versículos y los pares.
Los baños extramuros de San Sebastián
Authors: Passini Jean , Rojas Rodríguez-Malo Juan Manuel , Villa J. Ramón
Published: February 2019

Al sur de la iglesia San Sebastián se perciben restos en los cuales se pueden ver dos baños islámicos. El baño de Suso apareció en el curso de excavaciones arqueológicas tras haber documentado unas tenerías de época posterior. En el baño de Yuso se han conservado tres salas abovedadas de medio cañón. Además, en la sala del poniente, identificada como sala caliente, está un arco de herradura, un ábside, y la traza de un arco geminado. El contacto entre la caldera y la sala caliente se ha conservado bajo la forma de un arco de medio punto. En el baño de Suso se han conservado el hipocausto y las toberas. Estos dos baños tienen muchas similitudes. Nos revelan, por primera vez en Toledo, el modo de calefacción de la sala caliente. Hasta el momento, no son conocidos en los documentos medievales.
Numismática y propaganda almohade
Authors: Fontenla Ballesta Salvador
Published: February 2019

Los almohades utilizaron sus monedas para difundir sus mensajes religiosos e ideológicos, no constituyendo una excepción en este aspecto. La nueva forma cuadrada, la metrología y las leyendas de la numismática almohade reflejan la situación histórica y sus posicionamientos sociales y políticos. La forma cuadrada equipara la moneda con su correspondiente dineral y fue un elemento de identificación política. Las leyendas religiosas proclaman la teología almohade de la unicidad de Dios y el lema de la dinastía. Las leyendas genealógicas tuvieron gran importancia para evidenciar la legitimidad dinástica del soberano.
Muslims from al-Andalus in the madrasas of late Fāṭimid and Aiyūbid Egypt
Authors: Leiser Gary
Published: February 2019

Este artículo describe el papel representado por los musulmanes andalusíes en el desarrollo temprano y posterior función pedagógica de las madrasas (colegios de ley islámica) en Egipto, desde el período fāṭimí tardío (495-567/1101-1171) hasta el final de la época ayyūbí (567-648/1101-1250). Este papel está relacionado con la riḥla, el viaje que hacían los andalusíes a Oriente «en busca de la ciencia». El artículo se inicia con una breve exposición de la situación de las escuelas legales (maḏhad) en el Egipto fāṭimí. A esto sigue el estudio de los andalusíes que participaron en el movimiento de las madrasas en Alejandría (bajo los fāṭimíes) y la difusión de esta institución en Fusṭāṭ, El Cairo y otros lugares en Egipto, bajo Saladino y sus sucesores ayyūbíes. La presencia de andalusíes en las madrasas mālikíes más importantes subraya su doble contribución, en general, a la ortodoxia en Egipto y, en particular, a la comunidad mālikí.
La Mezquita de Bāb al-Mardūm y el proceso de consagración de pequeñas mezquitas en Toledo (s. XII-XIII)
Authors: Calvo Capilla Susana
Published: February 2019

Partiendo de un nuevo documento que fecha la conversión de la antigua mezquita de Bāb al-Mardūm en capilla en 1183, un siglo después de la conquista de Toledo por Alfonso VI, se ha tratado de indagar en el proceso de cristianización de las mezquitas urbanas y rurales de Toledo entre los siglos XI y XIII: el papel desempeñado en su reparto y el de sus habices por el Rey, la Iglesia y los diferentes grupos de población, el destino de aquellas mezquitas que no se consagraron, o las semejanzas y las particularidades del proceso toledano respecto al llevado a cabo en otras regiones andalusíes. Para acabar, se plantean algunas preguntas e hipótesis sobre la función y el carácter de la propia mezquita, fundada por Aḥmad ibn al-Ḥadīdī en el año 390/999-1000.
El Patio del Crucero de los Reales Alcázares de Sevilla
Authors: Almagro Antonio
Published: February 2019

El presente artículo es una consecuencia de los trabajos de levantamiento planimétrico realizados en los Reales Alcázares de Sevilla. En él se analiza una de las varias unidades residenciales que integraron este conjunto áulico en época medieval, cuya construcción inicial se remonta al período islámico aunque ha sufrido varias y profundas transformaciones. Del análisis de las distintas estructuras, especialmente a través de la planimetría y la documentación, se deduce la especial originalidad de esta construcción para la que se proponen hipótesis de su forma original en los distintos períodos.
Inscripciones árabes inéditas en el Museo Provincial de Almería
Authors: Lirola Delgado Jorge
Published: February 2019

En este artículo se estudian 25 fragmentos inéditos que forman parte de 19 inscripciones árabes conservadas en el Museo Provincial de Almería. Todas ellas son de Almería, sin que conste el lugar exacto de procedencia, salvo en dos casos. La mayoría, en concreto trece inscripciones, son de carácter funerario; dos son conmemorativas o fundacionales; y el resto, cuatro, son decorativas. Su cronología va desde el segundo cuarto del siglo X al XII, predominando las de época almorávide, que es la época de mayor desarrollo económico de la ciudad.
Sobre los cometas en el Rawḍ al-qirṭâs
Authors: Vaquero J. M. , Gallego M. C. , Cobos J. M.
Published: February 2019

No disponible
El Tahḏīb de al-Barāḏi‛ī en al-Andalus: a propósito de un manuscrito aljamiado de la Real Academia de la Historia
Authors: Fierro Maribel
Published: February 2019

No disponible
Different conceptions of religious practice, piety and God-man relations in the epistles of the Ikhwān al-Ṣafā’
Authors: Baffioni Carmela
Published: February 2019

Not available
Le saint et son corps: une lutte constante
Authors: Ferhat Halima
Published: February 2019

Les corpus hagiographiques du Moyen Age offrent un catalogue impressionant de maladies car Dieu met les fidèles à l'épreuve en les accablant de maux spectaculaires, signes visibles qui marquent l'élection spirituelle. Le saint est, quant à lui, en pérpétuelle lutte avec le corps: port d'un vêtement qui meurtrit la peau, privation de nourriture, de sommeil, des plaisirs les plus innocents. En dépit de la faiblesse physique, les performances de ce corps sont impressionantes. Plus le corps est maîtrisé, plus spectaculaires sont les miracles et plus le saint domine le monde materiel. L'article examine aussi les vertus et le charisme de la dépouille mortelle du saint ainsi que la relation entre maître et disciple, fortement émotionelle et quasiment physique
La dynastie Langlois – Lordelle – Canivet – Lennel, « fabricateurs » d’instruments de mathématiques à Paris au xviiie siècle
Authors: Rocca Patrick , Launay Françoise
Published: February 2019

Grâce à l’étude croisée de très nombreux instruments, en particulier ceux de mathématiques et de dessin en argent insculpés de poinçons permettant de les dater, et de près d’une centaine de documents d’archives nouvellement repérés, principalement aux Archives nationales, dont plusieurs inventaires après décès porteurs d’informations détaillées, la vie et la production des célèbres constructeurs de la dynastie Langlois – Lordelle – Canivet – Lennel qui se sont remarquablement illustrés au xviiie siècle, sont enfin documentées avec précision.
Visiones de la guerra futura en Vicente Huidobro
Authors: García-Romeu José
Published: February 2019

Radicado en Francia a partir de 1916, Vicente Huidobro fue testigo de los estragos de la Gran Guerra. Representando las destrucciones bélicas y vaticinando la radical tabula rasa de la revolución social, plasmó primero su preocupación pacifista y revolucionaria en su poesía antes de desarrollar en dos textos en prosa una visión pormenorizada de las guerras futuras : las guerras de descolonización en Finis Britannia (1923) y la guerra terminal en La próxima (1934).
A Modified Peric Model for Al-Mg Alloy Sheet with Rate-Independent Initial Yield Stress at Warm Temperatures
Authors: Zhang Yong , Zhang Qing , Sun Yuan Tao , Qin Xian Rong
Published: February 2019

The constitutive modeling of aluminum alloy under warm forming conditions generally considers the influence of temperature and strain rate. It has been shown by published flow stress curves of Al-Mg alloy that there is nearly no effect of strain rate on initial yield stress at various temperatures. However, most constitutive models ignored this phenomenon and may lead to inaccurate description. In order to capture the rate-independent initial yield stress, Peric model is modified via introducing plastic strain to multiply the strain rate, for eliminating the effect of strain rate when the plastic strain is zero. Other constitutive models including the Wagoner, modified Hockett–Sherby and Peric are also considered and compared. The results show that the modified Peric model could not only describe the temperature-and rate-dependent flow stress, but also capture the rate-independent initial yield stress, while the Wagoner, modified Hockett–Sherby and Peric model can only describe the temperature-and rate-dependent flow stress. Moreover, the modified Peric model could obtain proper static yield stress more naturally, and this property may have potential applications in rate-dependent simulations.