bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Functioning of the Banking System of Ukraine: Problems and Prospects
Authors:   Lutsk National Technical University, Chyzh Natallia M.
Published: June 2022

The article is aimed at analyzing the state of the banking system and forming perspective directions for its development. The main attention in the article is paid to the study of the peculiarities in the functioning of the banking system of Ukraine, its problems and prospects. The carried out analysis showed that the banking system of Ukraine has a sufficient reserve of financial sustainability. The pandemic of 2019 and the war with Russia negatively affected the entire banking system of Ukraine, the number of domestic banking institutions is rapidly decreasing. At the same time, the banking system in the context of war operates smoothly, the level of liquidity of domestic banks remains at a sufficient level due to the presence of significant reserves of highly liquid assets and a slight outflow of banking deposits of the population and business. The dominant tendency in the banking system of Ukraine is the unprecedented crisis caused by the war started by Russia, as result of which significant losses are expected in the banking sector of our State, which is already characterized by high credit risk, large amounts of deductions to reserves and poor quality of loan portfolios and their depreciation. A number of promising directions as to operation of the banking system of Ukraine are proposed, in particular, banks need to apply loan holidays on a weighted basis, carefully assess the financial condition of borrowers, accurately restructure debts, develop cybersecurity, and the NBU should weaken regulatory requirements in case of violation of capital or liquidity standards by banks, stimulate the introduction of various new technologies for various banking payments. Credit risk is the main indicator of the effective activity of domestic banks, which as of today has its negative impact on the entire banking system. The NBU needs to continue to implement anti-crisis measures to increase the profitability, solvency and liquidity of Ukrainian banks.
Approaches to Modeling the Operational Risk of Bank
Authors:   Kyiv National Economic University named after V. Hetman, Krasnova Iryna V. , Lavreniuk Vladyslav V. ,   Kyiv National Economic University named after V. Hetman
Published: June 2022

The purpose of the article is to study the economic essence and approaches to taxonomy and quantitative assessment of the bank’s operational risk, taking into account the evolution of standards defined by international institutions. The development of financial technologies, along with stochastic factors, require banks to adapt their own operations in response to new challenges or changes in existing threats affecting the operational sustainability of banking institutions. The statistics of the threatening impact of the frequency of events and cumulative losses from operational risk events are presented. It is noted that operational events can be quite diverse in nature, very unpredictable and threatening in general financial impact. This requires continuous improvement of the risk management system and timely validation of the bank’s operational risk assessment models. The article discloses the essence, sources, factors and operational events that are constantly evolving. Also the content of the model instrumentarium is disclosed. It is noted that the economic nature of operational risk has internal and external sources, several levels of their manifestation, covers all processes, products and systems of bank, including the human factor. The article generalizes taxonomy of operational risk according to various criteria. It is proved that it is the distribution of business lines that helps banks to more easily identify the types of operational risk events inherent in each individual bank, taking into account the peculiarities of their own business models. The multiplicity of operational risk events justifies the need for their adequate assessment and use of new methods for predicting and eliminating threats. The advantages of an actuarial approach are substantiated. Actuarial models can be used both at the level of «top – down» and the level of «bottom – up», have significant advantages in both methodological and practical aspects in calculating the amount of capital required to absorb risks from the implementation of risk events. The major shortcomings of the three main approaches proposed to the assessment of operational risk in Basel II (AMA, TSA, BIA) are highlighted. Updated by the Basel Committee, the standardized approach is a combination of best practices for assessing operational risk that can be applied in any bank, regardless of jurisdiction, size, and business model.
Comparative Analysis of Trends in the Ukrainian and Chinese Economies
Authors:   Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, Su Rui
Published: June 2022

Nowadays, the global economic environment is full of uncertainties. Affected by the novel coronavirus epidemic, the economies of various countries are developing slowly or falling into recession. In this case, countries face different uncertainties. The article analyzes the economic development direction of China and Ukraine. Judging from the GDP per capita of both Ukraine and China in the past ten years, China has been growing steadily every year, while Ukraine has changed more. Therefore, the article analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of the 12 pillars of the Global Competitiveness Index for the two countries through the period of 2018–2019, an indicator that measures a country’s ability to grow in the medium and long term. It is found that Ukraine has problems in stability and macroeconomic stability, while China has problems in social cohesion and innovation ability, and puts forward corrective opinions to determine the direction of development. In addition, by analyzing the overall ranking of China and Ukraine in the Global Competitiveness Index from 2009 to 2019, it is found that the economic growth capacity of these countries has partially developed in the same direction in the past decade. However, due to the influence of political and macroeconomic factors, the focus of the development of these countries is to hope that the countries will correct the existing problems as soon as possible, formulate corresponding policy plans, and strengthen and ensure the implementation of the relevant policy. In addition, our countries will continue to strengthen the construction of global integration, reduce trade barriers, increase the liquidity of commodities, speed up the processes, promote the circulation of production factors, accelerate economic growth, and enhance competitiveness. The future can be expected.
The Advantages and Gaps of the Existing Models of Innovation Commercialization
Authors:   Sumy State University, Syhyda Liubov O.
Published: June 2022

Reducing the number of failures in the implementation of innovations is the goal of most enterprises engaged in innovative activities. This should allow them to get higher performance and move to the level of innovative leaders. This can be facilitated by a well-organized and introduced at the enterprise model of commercialization of innovations, which would contain a minimum number of «bottlenecks». Accordingly, the purpose of the article is to establish the main advantages and gaps of existing models of innovation commercialization. In the course of the study five models of commercialization were examined. The essence and specificity of each of these models are described. A critical analysis of the models was also carried out. Grouping of advantages has demonstrated that the directions of strengthening commercialization models are as follows: 1) preliminary valuation of innovation ideas from different points of view, for example, the technical possibility of developing an innovation, its market and marketing values and commercial feasibility of its implementation; 2) presentation of the idea of innovation as a valued proposition with a consumer component; 3) taking into account the influence of external groups of factors on the process of commercialization, in particular economic, ecological and social; 4) prediction of various options for commercialization and further spread of innovations. It is determined that the common gaps of most models are: 1) insufficient attention to the opinions of consumers; 2) separateness from the participants of the commercialization process; 3) lack of intellectual property protection. In addition, the following «bottlenecks» are identified: the model is focused on the rapid introduction of innovation, otherwise it may lose relevance; a large number of stages, which can complicate and delay the process of commercialization; high dependence between participants, which can delay decision-making. Further research will be aimed at developing a new model for the commercialization of innovation. Certain advantages of models can be used in the construction of a model in order to strengthen the result. The identified gaps will reduce the number of weaknesses in the model.
Analyzing the Contextual and Temporal Patterns in the Development of Views on Priorities for Ensuring the Defense Capability of World Countries
Authors:   O. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Kyzym M. O. , Hubarieva Iryna O. ,   Research Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine, Khaustova Viktoriia Ye. ,   Research Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine, Manoilenko Oleksandr V. ,   Educational and Scientific Institute of Economics, Management and International Business of the National Technical University
Published: June 2022

The article is aimed at defining contextual and temporal patterns in the development of presentation in the scientific literature of research in the field of ensuring the country’s defense capability using bibliometric and trend analysis. A certain divergence of the trends of scientists’ and users’ interest in ensuring the country’s defense capability is observed. The formalization of the contextual features of the concept of «defense capability of the country», distinguished by the results of bibliometric analysis, allowed to determine that the analysis of the impact of the national and collective security system on the country’s defense capability, also countering cyber threats, and choosing a strategy for combating military conflicts and terrorism is becoming increasingly popular. Seven clusters of scientific research dedicated to the issues of ensuring the country’s defense capability are identified. The first one is focused on the formation of a national defense system; the second – on military medicine and emergency medicine; the third – on the organization of the system of national and collective security; fourth – on the substantiation of the strategy for countering military aggression and terrorism; the fifth – on ensuring the cyber defense; sixth – on determining the peculiarities of ensuring the defense capability of individual world countries; the seventh – on identifying the relationship between the country’s defense capability and the introduction of innovative developments. The theoretical principles of identification of trends of scientific research on ensuring the country’s defense capability have become further elaborated, that, unlike existing ones, are based on the results of structuring the present research work (using the instrumentarium of VOSviewer v. 1.6.10 and GoogleTrends) on two criteria: the level of closeness of scientific research and the evolutionary-temporal dimension, which allowed to cluster the directions of interdisciplinary researches.
From Result to Efficiency: The Socioeconomic Context of Improvement of Priority Development Territories
Authors:   V. Mamutov Institute of Economic and Legal Research of the NAS of Ukraine, Martynovych Nataly O.
Published: June 2022

The position of Ukraine on the world stage is determined by regional development, which increases the saturation and relevance of regional topic in scientific economic research. The acquisition of economic independence by the regions causes the need for reassessment of their position and place in the economic space. One of the instruments for improving the efficiency of regional development is the creation of priority development territories (PDT), which is based on special economic and legal regimes facilitating the intensification of investment activities, the creation of additional jobs, upgrading the standard of living of the population, the profitability of business entities, the completeness of local budgets, etc. The research is directed towards substantiating the theoretical and methodological principles and developing conceptual approaches to the efficiency of PDT development. The theoretical basis constituted the scientific works of domestic and foreign authors. In the process of research, the historical and logical method of general scientific cognition, system approach, analysis, induction, deduction were used. Generalization of different scientific points of view regarding the concepts of «result», «effect», «effectiveness», «efficiency» allowed to conclude that they have significant differences. It was observed that in modern science the issues of delimitation of these categories are debatable. In this regard, the subordination of the result, effect, effectiveness and efficiency is outlined. The author’s vision of the essence of socioeconomic efficiency of the territories of priority development is proposed, which means the state of social and economic conditions, as well as territorial disparities in development before and after the introduction of special economic and legal regimes. The author’s approach allows to expand the scientific vision of the essence and content of efficiency in contemporary realities. The conceptual provisions presented in the article form the basis for further systematization of the indicators of the result and content of effectiveness of improvement of priority development territories, which, in turn, be included in the basis of the methodology for assessing the efficiency of the development of PDT.
Revenues of Local Budgets in the Context of War: Transformation of the Structure, Prospects for Further Formation
Authors:   Institute of Regional Research named after M. I. Dolishniy of the NAS of Ukraine, Leshchukh Iryna V.
Published: June 2022

The article names the factors that now affect the formation of the revenue side of local budgets in the context of Russia’s full-scale war against Ukraine, namely: budget and tax liberalization; deregulation of business; loss of potential for paying taxes by enterprises located in regions where active hostilities are currently underway; narrowing of the tax base. The dynamics of formation of the revenue part of local budgets in January – April 2022 is analyzed, its comparison with the same period of the previous year is carried out. The rating of the regions of Ukraine by the volume of formation of revenues in the general fund of local budgets per 1 resident in January – April 2021 and January – April 2022 is carried out. The rating of the regions of Ukraine by the amount of collected tax on personal income per 1 resident in January – April 2021 and January – April 2022 is carried out. The author analyzes the level of implementation of the planned indicators of collection of individual taxes to local budgets (in terms of regions). The results are as follows: the decrease in the revenues of the general fund of local budgets of Ukraine in the share of regions where active hostilities were conducted or are being conducted; underperformance of annual income tax collection lists (in half of the regions of the country less than 30% of the annual plan was collected, of which less than 20% was collected in three regions); significant reduction in the role of excise tax; significant reduction in the role of land payments in the formation of the revenue side of local budgets. The transformation of the structure of the revenue part of local budgets towards strengthening the budget-forming role of personal income tax and, accordingly, reducing the share of excise tax and land payments in all regions of Ukraine, as well as reducing the share of single tax in almost half of the regions, is shown. Prospects for further formation of the revenue side of local budgets are emphasized, taking into account particularly – on the one hand, liberalization of budget and tax legislation, and on the other – further active hostilities in Ukraine.
Seasonal Variation of Water Qualities in River, Lake and Waterfall in Rangamati and Khagrachhari Hill Tracts, Bangladesh
Authors:   Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh. Email: islammstazu@yahoo.com, Islam Md. Sirajul , Chakma Natun Basu ,   Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh. Email: zonichakma0@gmail.com, Chakma Prayasi ,   Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh. Email: prayasichakma00@gmail.com, Kabir Md. Humayun ,   Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh. Email: kabirmh07@gmail.com, Shammi Rifat Shahid ,   Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh. Email: rifatshammi1996@gmail.com, Hoque Mir Md. Mozammal ,   Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh. Email: huqmbstu@gmail.com, Iqubal Kazi Farhed ,   EQMS Consulting Limited, House # 76, Road # 5, Block # F, Banani, Dhaka-1213, Bangladesh.  Email: eqmsbd@gmail.com
Published: June 2022

This study was conducted to investigate the seasonal variation of water qualities for drinking and conservation of aquatic organisms from river, lake and waterfalls in Chattogram Hill Tracts of Bangladesh during pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon seasons from the period of March 2021 to February 2022. Water samples were collected from four sampling locations and analysed in the research laboratory of the Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University. Results were recorded on the parameters like temperature, EC, TDS, DO, BOD, pH, total alkalinity and total hardness in Kaptai Lake, Chengi River, and Shuvolong and Risang Waterfalls. The study revealed that the temperature, EC, TDS, BOD and pH were higher in pre-monsoon than monsoon followed by post-monsoon seasons. On the other hand, total alkalinity and total hardness were higher in post-monsoon than monsoon followed by pre-monsoon seasons. In the waterfalls, DO was higher in monsoon season when compared to pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. The study provides baseline data on physiochemical water qualities in lake, river and waterfalls at the Chattogram Hill Tracts, which contributes to the long-term conservation of those aquatic ecosystems for human consumption and fisheries management.
Monitoring of Water Quality with Trophic State Index (TSI) in the Chalan Beel Wetland Ecosystem of Bangladesh
Authors:   Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh. Email: islammstazu@yahoo.com, Islam Md. Sirajul , Khatun Shapla ,   Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh. Email: Shapla.mbstu@gmail.com, Kabir Md. Humayun ,   Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh. Email: kabirmh07@gmail.com, Ahammed Md. Shakir ,   Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh. Email: shakiresrm@gmail.com, Hoq Md. Enamul ,   Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh-2201, Bangladesh.  Email: hoq_me@yahoo.com, Iqubal Kazi Farhed ,   EQMS Consulting Limited, House # 76, Road # 5, Block # F, Banani, Dhaka-1213, Bangladesh.  Email: eqmsbd@gmail.com
Published: June 2022

This study was conducted to investigate the status of water quality for fisheries and aquatic environment in Chalan Beel, the largest wetland ecosystem in Bangladesh. Water samples were collected from five sampling stations over the period from February 2020 to January 2021 during the pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon seasons, respectively. Surface water controlling parameters such as temperature, transparency, pH, DO, TDS, EC, total hardness, total alkalinity, Chlorophyll a, and TSI of Chalan Beel were monitored seasonally. The study revealed that temperature, transparency, pH, DO, TDS, EC, total alkalinity, total hardness, PO4, and NO3 exceeded the recommended level for fish culture. On the other hand, NH3, SO4, NO2, Chlorophyll a, and trophic state index (TSI) were within the standard limits for aquaculture. Concentrations of Chlorophyll a and TSI (CHL) indicated no definite trend with seasons. In conclusion, the wetland is in mesotrophic condition as the TSI (CHL) was within 40, and apparently, there was a positive relationship between Chlorophyll a and TSI. To conserve a healthy environment of the beel ecosystem, it is necessary to promote knowledge about water quality issues and beel management through monitoring and research.
Analisis Korelasi dan Sidik Lintas Karakter Pertumbuhan dan Komponen Hasil terhadap Hasil Bawang Merah (Alllium Cepa L. Var Aggregatum) di Dataran Tinggi
Authors: Waluyo Nurmalita , Wicaksana Noladhi , Anas Anas , Sulastrini Ineu , Pinilih Joko , Hidayat Iteu M.
Published: June 2022

Komoditas bawang merah merupakan komoditas strategis dan memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi serta tidak dapat disubstitusi dengan komoditas lain. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui korelasi dan pengaruh langsung dan tidak langsung antara karakter pertumbuhan dan komponen hasil terhadap hasil bawang merah di dataran tinggi. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan September sampai dengan November 2019 di Lembang (Kab. Bandung Barat), Pacet (Kab. Bandung), dan Samarang, (Kab. Garut). Materi penelitian ini meliputi 12 genotipe bawang merah yaitu klon B1, klon B19, klon B63, klon B72, klon B77, klon B102, klon B222, Trisula, Bali karet, Maja cipanas, Bima brebes dan Sumenep. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan di setiap lokasi adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK),diulang 3 (tiga) kali. Hasil analisis korelasi menunjukkan terdapat korelasi positif sangat nyata antara karakter panjang daun, dan berat basah umbi per rumpun terhadap hasil umbi basah per hektar di semua lokasi pengujian. Karakter panjang daun merupakan karakter yang berkorelasi positif sangat nyata dan memiliki pengaruh langsung positif sangat tinggi terhadap hasil umbi basah per hektar di seluruh lokasi pengujian di dataran tinggi. Seleksi bawang merah untuk meningkatkan hasil umbi basah per hektar di dataran tinggi dapat dilakukan secara langsung melalui karakter pertumbuhan yaitu panjang daun.
Pengaruh Viral Marketing dan Kepercayaan Konsumen Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Online Melalui Media Sosial Instagram Pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Bangka Belitung Angkatan 2016-2018
Authors: Sandi Kurnia , Thoyib Sumar , Christianingrum Christianingrum
Published: June 2022

Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui: pengaruh viral marketing terhadap keputusan pembelian online;  pengaruh kepercayaan konsumen terhadap keputusan pembelian online; dan pengaruh viral marketing dan kepercayaan konsumen secara bersama-sama terhadap keputusan pembelian online.

Penelitian ini dapat dikategorikan dalam penelitian kuantitaif karena data yang diperoleh berupa angka yang berasal dari kuesioner. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 136 responden dengan menggunakan metode Proportionate stratified random sampling. Model analisis data yang digunakan regresi linear berganda, dengan uji f, uji t dan koefisien determinasi.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1) viral marketing berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian, dapat diterima. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan nilai signifikan uji t lebih kecil dari 0,05 dan nilai t hitung lebih besar dari t tabel sebesar 5,681; 2) kepercayaan konsumen berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian, dapat diterima. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan nilai signifikan uji t lebih kecil dari 0,05 dan nili t hitung lebih besar dari t tabel sebesar 7,818; 3) viral marketing dan kepercayaan konsumen secara simultan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian, dapat diterima. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan nilai F sebesar 389,682 dengan nilai signifikan 0,000. Hasil analisis koefisien determinasi (R2) menunjukan determinasi R2 pada penelitian ini 85,2% dan masih ada 14,8% variabel lain diluar penelitian yang masih bisa dikembangkan untuk penelitian berikutnya.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENINGKATAN LOYALITAS PELANGGAN BLIBLI.COM
Authors: Aqmala Diana , Putra Febrianur Ibnu Fitroh Sukono , Wijayani Rika
Published: June 2022

The rapid development of technology in Indonesia which is accompanied by an increase of public intelligence to utilizing technology encourages the e-commerce entreprises to further increase the complexity of their business, so it will makes the competitors difficult to imitate and makes the customers become more loyal. The factors which can increase the customer loyalty including ease of use, quality of information, and trust. This strategic variables have significant effect on the existence of e-commerce enterprises in the industry, thus makes the companies need to prioritize these variables in decision making process. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the effect of ease of use, information quality, and trust on increasing the customer loyalty at blibli.com. The sampling method used was purposive sampling by drawing a sample size of 200 respondents. The analytical tool used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results of this research indicate that ease of use, information quality, and trust mediated by customer satisfaction significantly increase customer loyalty.
Financial Performance Analysis Using Economic Value Added (EVA) Method (Contextual investigation on PT. Taman Wisata Candi Borobudur, Prambanan and Ratu Boko (Persero)
Authors:   Universitas Tidar, Hidayati Fidi , Sijabat Yacobo ,   Universitas Tidar
Published: June 2022

The research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the financial performance of PT. Borobudur, Prambanan & Ratu Boko (Persero) Temple Tourism Parks for the period 2019 and 2020. The research data was obtained from documentation using NOPAT analysis tools, capital costs, and Economic Value Added (EVA) analysis. The type of data used in this study is quantitative data, namely data in the form of numbers in the true sense. The source of data in this study is secondary data. The results of this study indicate that using the Economic Value Added (EVA) method in the research period has been able to provide added economic value for the company as evidenced by the value of the calculation results, namely the EVA value > 0 is positive. Keywords: Net Operating After Tax (NOPAT), Invested Capital, Weighted Average Cost of Capital, Capital Charges, and Economic Value Added (EVA)
The Role of Coagulation and Microfiltration in Seawater Pre-treatment
Authors: Shaheen Reem , Cséfalvay Edit
Published: June 2022

Power industry needs make-up water in power plant processes to compensate for the constant water loss during work. Mediterranean Seawater samples are studied to obtain pretreated water to use as a feed for the desalination stage. A comparison of coagulation with two coagulants, namely Poly aluminum chloride and ferric chloride in a one wt% stock solution, followed by microfiltration, was evaluated to obtain an efficient pre-treatment method. The lowest dosage of PACl positively affected all the measured parameters, especially the total suspended solid content was reduced to below 10 mg/L. The addition of FeCl3 resulted in 2.5-times higher total suspended solid content (23.5±4.58 mg/L) than the initial value measured for seawater (10.8±1.03 mg/L). Considering the flux values, two-steps of microfiltration and the lowest dosage of PACl followed by microfiltration resulted in the same high flux (3500 L /(m2 h) at the initial stage and 2500 L/(m2 h) at the 90% recovery rate). The flux after FeCl3 dosage seemed to be the highest, but it should be emphasized that the flocs were filtered via two consecutive 5–13 μm microfiltration stages, so this flux is not entirely comparable with those measured in other cases. Considering the chloride concentration, after microfiltration without coagulation, it remained constant; using coagulants it showed a slight reduction (~4%). From environmental point of view, the two-steps of microfiltration is recommended to be used since no chemicals are required for the operation; it can provide a steady flux of the cleanest pretreated water based on total suspended solid content.
Green Growth Analysis of Social Development in OECD Countries
Authors: Poyraz Anıl Yıldırım
Published: June 2022

This paper seeks to elucidate the inter and intrarelationships between a selected set of OECD green growth indicators (GGI). In addition to the selected GGI, the analysis includes the Human Development Index (HDI) and its sub-indicators. The novelty of the analysis comes from the incorporation of these established indicators, which have been utilised and developed to reflect human well-being and prosperity for decades. Production-based CO2 intensity and emission change are significantly correlated to average length of schooling across the 36 countries that were members of the OECD in the year 2019. Longer years spent in school on average can facilitate the green transition of countries. The correlations among intra-GGI also suggest where OECD countries are lagging in terms of green transition. For example, renewable energy supply share in energy and air transport-related CO2 per capita are positively correlated in the countries. This indicates that countries with a successful path toward green energy are not paying much attention to their high level of CO2 emissions caused by aviation. Infrastructural and technological advancement as well as increased public awareness are needed to challenge such issues.
The efficacy of combination treatment with elotuzumab and lenalidomide is dependent on crosstalk between natural killer cells, monocytes and myeloma cells
Authors: Richardson Kelden , Keam Simon P. , Zhu Joe Jiang , Meyran Deborah , D’Souza Criselle , Macdonald Sean , Campbell Kerry , Robbins Michael , Bezman Natalie A. , Todd Kirsten , Quach Hang , Ritchie David S. , Harrison Simon J. , Prince H. Miles , Trapani Joseph A. , Jenkins Misty R. , Beavis Paul A. , Darcy Phillip K. , Neeson Paul J.
Published: June 2022

Patients with refractory relapsed multiple myeloma respond to combination treatment with elotuzumab and lenalidomide. The mechanisms underlying this observation are not fully understood. Furthermore, biomarkers predictive of response have not been identified to date. To address these issues, we used a humanized myeloma mouse model and adoptive transfer of human natural killer (NK) cells to show that elotuzumab and lenalidomide treatment controlled myeloma growth, and this was mediated through CD16 on NK cells. In co-culture studies, we showed that peripheral blood mononuclear cells from a subset of patients with refractory relapsed multiple myeloma were effective killers of OPM2 myeloma cells when treated with elotuzumab and lenalidomide, and this was associated with significantly increased expression of CD54 on OPM2 cells. Furthermore, elotuzumab- and lenalidomide-induced OPM2 cell killing and increased OPM2 CD54 expression were dependent on both monocytes and NK cells, and these effects were not mediated by soluble factors alone. At the transcript level, elotuzumab and lenalidomide treatment significantly increased OPM2 myeloma cell expression of genes for trafficking and adhesion molecules, NK cell activation ligands and antigen presentation molecules. In conclusion, our findings suggest that multiple myeloma patients require elotuzumab- and lenalidomide-mediated upregulation of CD54 on autologous myeloma cells, in combination with NK cells and monocytes to mediate an effective anti-tumor response. Furthermore, our data suggest that increased myeloma cell CD54 expression levels could be a powerful predictive biomarker for response to elotuzumab and lenalidomide treatment.
Clinical features of hepatitis E infections in patients with hematologic disorders
Authors: Ghandili Susanne , Lindhauer Cecilia , Pischke Sven , Zur Wiesch Julian Schulze , Von Kroge Philipp H. , Polywka Susanne , Bokemeyer Carsten , Fiedler Walter , Kröger Nicolaus , Ayuk Francis , Adjallé Raissa , Modemann Franziska
Published: June 2022

Hepatitis E virus is increasingly being reported to cause chronic infection in immunocompromised patients. However, less is known about patients with an underlying hematologic disease. In particular, the impact of hepatitis E infection on oncological therapy has been poorly described. In this retrospective single-center study, we analyzed 35 hematologic patients with hepatitis E, including 20 patients under active oncological treatment and 15 patients who were in the posttreatment follow-up or under active surveillance. The primary aim was to describe the clinical courses with particular focus on any hepatitis E-related therapy modifications of cancer-directed therapy. In the majority (60%) of patients who were under active oncological treatment, hepatitis E-related therapy modifications were made, and 25% of deaths were due to progression of the hematologic disease. In patients receiving concomitant oncological treatment, no hepatitis Erelated deaths occurred. In contrast, two patients in the follow-up group died from hepatitis E-associated acute-onchronic liver failure. Chronic hepatitis E was observed in 34% of all cases and 43% received ribavirin therapy; of those, 27% achieved a sustained virological response. CD20-directed therapy was the only independent risk factor for developing chronic hepatitis E. We conclude that CD20-directed treatment at any time point is a risk factor for developing chronic hepatitis E. Nevertheless, since mortality from the progression of hematologic disease was higher than hepatitis E-related mortality, we suggest careful case-by-case decisions on modifications of cancer treatment. Patients in the posttreatment follow-up phase may also suffer from severe courses and hepatitis E chronicity occurs as frequently as in patients undergoing active therapy.
ОБҐРУНТУВАННЯ ДОДАТКОВИХ ЗАХОДІВ ЩОДО ОПЕРАТИВНИХ ДІЙ ПІД ЧАС ГАСІННЯ ПОЖЕЖ НА СКЛАДАХ НАФТОПРОДУКТІВ В УМОВАХ БОЙОВИХ ДІЙ
Authors: Одинець Алла , Ніжник Вадим , Сізіков Олександр , Фещук Юрій , Балло Ярослав , Климась Руслан , Жихарєв Олександр
Published: June 2022

Проведено аналітичні дослідження чинних нормативно-правових актів, що регламентують вимоги до організації оперативних дій стосовно гасіння пожеж на складах нафти і нафтопродуктів. Виявлено необхідність їх удосконалення з урахуванням особливостей організації гасіння пожеж у районах постійних обстрілів та після них, можливої обстановки після обстрілу. Проаналізовано оперативні дії органів управління та пожежно-рятувальних підрозділів під час гасіння пожеж на території складів нафти і нафтопродуктів, що сталися внаслідок ракетно-артилерійських обстрілів російськими військами, щодо залучення підрозділів ДСНС до виконання завдань за призначенням з урахуванням максимального дотримання вимог нормативно-правових актів та заходів безпеки для учасників гасіння. Розглянуто додаткові заходи, які були вжиті під час організації гасіння пожеж внаслідок зовнішнього впливу бойових засобів ураження, а також визначено чинники, що ускладнювали їх ліквідацію в умовах динамічної зміни обстановки. Встановлено необхідність врахування під час гасіння пожеж на складах нафти і нафтопродуктів низки наявних або можливих додаткових потенційних загроз, пов’язаних з обстрілами або їх наслідками. Зокрема, таких як нестача тиску в мережі через ураження електричних і водонапірних мереж, пошкодження насосного обладнання, забруднення територій боєприпасами, відсутність обслуговуючого персоналу на об’єкті пожежі, можливість повторного обстрілу, одночасне пошкодження декількох резервуарів або всього складу нафтопродуктів, руйнування пожежних водойм та місць зберігання піноутворювача тощо. Визначено перелік додаткових заходів для кожного з етапів організації оперативних дій органів управління та пожежно-рятувальних підрозділів під час гасіння пожеж на території складів нафти та нафтопродуктів. Обґрунтовано необхідність розроблення методичних рекомендацій з урахуванням набутого практичного досвіду щодо організації оперативних дій підрозділів ДСНС під час гасіння пожеж на складах нафти і нафтопродуктів, що сталися внаслідок обстрілів в умовах ведення бойових дій.
ВПЛИВ ТЕПЛОФІЗИЧНИХ ВЛАСТИВОСТЕЙ ВОГНЕЗАХИСНИХ МАТЕРІАЛІВ НА ТЕПЛОВИЙ СТАН СТАЛЕВИХ КОЛОН ЗА СТАНДАРТНОГО ТЕМПЕРАТУРНОГО РЕЖИМУ
Authors: Новак Сергій , Дріжд Варвара , Добростан Олександр , Новак Михайло
Published: June 2022

Зважаючи на необхідність оптимізації параметрів систем вогнезахисту будівельних конструкцій для подальшого удосконалення і розвитку технології таких систем, актуальним є дослідження, спрямоване на визначення впливу теплофізичних властивостей вогнезахисних матеріалів, які є компонентами систем вогнезахисту, на тепловий стан сталевих колон в умовах стандартного температурного режиму. За мету ставилось з’ясування залежностей між необхідною мінімальною товщиною систем вогнезахисту, теплофізичними властивостями вогнезахисних матеріалів, які є компонентами систем вогнезахисту, критичною температурою сталі, коефіцієнтом поперечного перерізу і проміжком часу збереженості вогнестійкості сталевих колон. Для досягнення цього було вирішено завдання з визначення даних щодо необхідної мінімальної товщини вогнезахисних покриттів для досліджуваних систем вогнезахисту, узагальнення отриманих розрахункових даних і виявлення залежності цієї товщини від теплофізичних властивостей вогнезахисних матеріалів та інших параметрів систем вогнезахисту. Встановлено, що значення цієї товщини як для систем із вогнезахисним екраном, так і без нього, суттєво залежить від коефіцієнта теплопровідності застосованих вогнезахисних матеріалів lр, коефіцієнта поперечного перерізу Am/V,, критичної температури сталі θcr і проміжку часу збереженості вогнестійкості tfr. З підвищенням lр, Am/V, tfr і зменшенням θcr товщина dp,min збільшується. Показано, що у разі застосування для сталевих колон систем вогнезахисту з вогнезахисним екраном закономірним є зменшення товщини вогнезахисту dp,min порівняно із системами без екрана. Абсолютна різниця Δd,AB і відносна різниця δd,AB між значенням товщини покриття, отриманим для системи без вогнезахисного екрана, і значенням товщини покриття, отриманим для системи з вогнезахисним екраном без вогнезахисного покриття на його поверхні, змінюються в діапазонах від 0,06 мм до 15,5 мм і від 0,35 % до 51,6 % відповідно. Для систем вогнезахисту з екраном і вогнезахисним покриттям на його поверхні та/або на поверхні колони величина необхідної мінімальної товщини вогнезахисту є найбільш зменшеною порівняно із системами без екрана для малих значень коефіцієнта поперечного перерізу (Am/V)min і проміжку часу збереженості вогнестійкості tfr,min. Визначено дані щодо різниці між значеннями необхідної мінімальної товщини вогнезахисту, отриманими для систем із вогнезахисним покриттям на зовнішній поверхні екрана і без нього.
Diversity and Seasonal Occurrence of Vertebrate Wildlife at A Rural Site of Bangladesh: Threats and Conservation Issue
Authors: AR Shome , Jaman MF
Published: June 2022

Due to local people's misconceptions, a large number of wildlife species are facing threats in Bangladesh. From July 2017 to June 2021 a research work was conducted in Kashipur Union, under Barishal district of Bangladesh. In total, 191 vertebrate wildlife species were recorded. 141 species (74.35%) were bird, 18 species (9.42%) mammals, 17 species (8.90%) reptiles and 15 species (7.85 %) were amphibians. The largest diversity of animals (148 species) and their abundance (n=1477) were counted in winter. Bird species diversity was high in winter (H=4.699, Ds=0.989) with winter migrants (24 species). The summer season had the most evenness (E= 0.7652). Among them, 82 (42.93 %) species of wildlife were very common, 20 (10.47 %) common, 36 (18.32 %) uncommon and 54 (28.27 %) were few. An amphibian species Euphlyctis kalasgramensis had the highest (24.95 %) relative abundance; Hemidactylus frenatus (22.60 %) (reptile); Turdoides striata (3.23 %) (bird); and Rattus rattus (21.94 %) (mammalian) species. Among the observed wildlife species, 183 (95.81 %) were classified as least concern followed by 4 (2.09 %) near threatened, 2 (1.04%) vulnerable and only one (0.52%) endangered.
J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2021, 7(2): 61-72
Poli(?)teizm(?). Filozoficzna obrona racjonalności wielobóstwa
Authors: Paszkowski Piotr
Published: June 2022

W świadomości społecznej religie politeistyczne uchodzą za „mniej dojrzałe” niż inne typy religijności. Również w starszych opracowaniach naukowych można napotkać przyjmowaną wprost gradację religii, która sytuuje wielobóstwo niżej niż monoteizm. Uznawanie istnienia wielu bogów jest jednak nieracjonalne tylko z perspektywy teologii monoteistycznej i wizji świata przyjętej pod jej wpływem. W rzeczywistości z wierzeń politeistycznych można wyabstrahować ciekawe założenia metafizyczne, są one zdolne również do wytworzenia bogatej, racjonalnej teologii. W artykule postaram się obronić politeizm przed zarzutami dotyczącymi jego filozoficznej jałowości. Najpierw spróbuję zdiagnozować błędy w powszechnej interpretacji wielobóstwa, następnie przedstawię różnice w mono- i politeistycznym rozumieniu pojęcia boga, by ostatecznie przedstawić możliwe strategie uzasadnienia wiary w osobowy i intencjonalny charakter bogów.
La elección de la Presidencia del Parlamento en la España contemporánea (1810-2021)
Authors: Urquijo Goitia Mikel
Published: June 2022

El trabajo que presentamos analiza la elección o designación de la Presidencia del Parlamento en España desde las Cortes de Cádiz (1810) hasta la actualidad (2021). Se estudia esta elección o designación en ambas Cámaras del Parlamento, teniendo en cuenta las modificaciones que se producen en la regulación de este proceso. Para ello se consideran tres aspectos: quién elige al presidente de la Cámara (la Corona, el Gobierno o los propios parlamentarios), cómo se elige (por nombramiento del Poder Ejecutivo o por votación de los miembros de la Cámara) y cuál es el resultado de la elección si la hacen los parlamentarios (cuántos votan, si la elección es competida o consensuada). Con todo ello se define el modelo de elección de la Presidencia teniendo en cuenta los tres aspectos citados y se establece el papel del Ejecutivo en la misma y se muestra la influencia del Ejecutivo en este proceso con la finalidad de controlar la Cámara.
Generalized Rayleigh-Quotient Formulas for the Real Parts, Imaginary Parts, and Moduli of Simple Eigenvalues of Compact Operators
Authors: KOHAUPT Ludwig
Published: June 2022

In an earlier paper, the author derived generalized Rayleigh-quotient formulas for
the real parts, imaginary parts, and moduli of the eigenvalues of diagonalizable
matrices. More precisely, max-, min-max-, min-, and max-min-formulas were
obtained. In this paper, we extend these results to the eigenvalues of linear
nonsymmetric compact operators with simple eigenvalues in a Hilbert space. As
an application, a new formula for the spectral radius is derived. An example
arising from a boundary value problem in Mathematical Physics illustrates the
general results, and numerical computations underpin the theoretical findings.
In addition, the Euler column is treated from the area of Elastomechanics, which
is complemented by references to other examples from this area.
Dynamics and Bifurcation of	$x_{n+1}=\frac{\alpha+\beta x_{n-1}}{A+Bx_{n}+C x_{n-1}}$
Authors: SALEH Mohammad , RADDAD Batool
Published: June 2022

The main goal of this paper is to study the bifurcation of a second order rational difference equation
$$x_{n+1}=\frac{\alpha+\beta x_{n-1}}{A+Bx_{n}+Cx_{n-1}}, ~~n=0, 1, 2, \ldots$$
with positive parameters $\alpha, \beta, A, B, C$ and non-negative initial conditions $\{x_{-k}, x_{-k+1}, \ldots, x_{0}\}$. We study the dynamic behavior and the direction of the bifurcation of the period-two cycle. Numerical discussion with figures are given to support our results.
Association and comparison of physical activity with cardiovascular health, quality of life and anthropometric measurements in adult women
Authors: Silva Pedro Henrique de Almeida , Venâncio Patrícia Espindola Mota , Silva Maria Sebastiana , Borges Amanda Rodrigues , Cosme Ayse Suzel Martins , Bernardes Péricles Soares , Soares Viviane
Published: June 2022

Objective: To associate and compare the level of physical activity with cardiovascular health (CVH), quality of life, cardiorespiratory fitness, anthropometric variables and workload of active and sedentary women working in a university environment. Methods: Cross-sectional study, carried out with employees of a higher education institution. The sample was for convenience and 51 healthy adult women participated. Seven metrics were evaluated for CVH, using the international physical activity questionnaire and the Mediterranean diet questionnaire. Quality of life was assessed using the Short Form-36 instrument and cardiorespiratory fitness using the shuttle run test. The Student-t test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to analyze the data, and a multiple linear regression was performed with data adjusted for age and the climacteric period. Results: Active women had lower values for waist-hip ratio (WHR) (p=0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (p<0.001), and higher results for maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) (p<0.001), CVH score (p<0.001), functional capacity (p=0.004), and general health (p=0.009). There was a direct relationship with the CVH score (p= 0.018) and VO2max (p= 0.012), and an inverse relationship for workload (p=0.013). Conclusion: The level of physical activity contributes to lower values of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (WHR and DBP) and higher values of VO2max, SCV scores and quality of life in active women.