bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aluminium leaching in fluid warming devices – A Review
Authors: Bayoro Danielle K. , Hoolihan Daniel , Pedro Michael J , Rose Edward A. , Waldmann Andreas D.
Published: January 2022

Current guidelines recommend the use of an intravenous fluid warmer to prevent perioperative hypothermia. Among the various methods of warming intravenous fluids, contact warmers are among the most effective and accurate, particularly in clinical conditions requiring rapid infusions of refrigerated blood or fluids. Contact warmers put the infusate in direct contact with a heating block. Some fluid warmers use heating blocks manufactured from aluminium. Several recent publications, however, have shown that uncoated aluminium blocks can leach potentially toxic amounts of aluminium into the body.
In this review we performed a systematic literature review on aluminium leaching with contact fluid warmers and describe what manufacturer and competent authorities did in the past years to ensure patient safety. The search resulted in five articles describing the aluminium leaching. Four different devices (Level 1 Fluid Warmer from Smiths Medical, ThermaCor from Smisson-Cartledge Biomedical, Recirculator 8.0 from Eight Medical International BV, enFlow from Vyaire) were shown to leach high levels of aluminium when heating certain intravenous fluids. One manufacturer (Vyaire) voluntarily removed their product from the market, while three manufacturers (Eight Medical International BV, Smisson-Cartledge Biomedical, and Smiths Medical) revised the instructions for use for the affected devices. The enFlow fluid warmer was subsequently redesigned with a parylene coating over the heating block. The scientific literature shows that by using a thin parylene layer on the heating block, the leaching of aluminium can be nearly eliminated without affecting the heating performance of the device.
S ilencing of SCD and SREBP1 Genes by Short Hairpin RNAs in Chicken Hepatic Cells in Vitro
Authors: Sagar N Govardhana , Prasad A Rajendra , Kumar Pushpendra , Bhushan Bharat , Vishnu P Guru , Bhattacharya Tarun K
Published: January 2022

RNA interference by short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) is a widely used post transcriptional silencing mechanism for suppressing expression of the target gene. In the current study, five shRNA molecules each against SCD and SREBP1 genes involved in denovo lipid biosynthesis were designed upon considering parameters such as secondary structures of shRNAs, mRNA target regions, GC content and thermodynamic properties (ΔG overall, ΔG duplex and ΔG break-target), synthesized and cloned in pENTR/U6 entry vector to knockdown the expression of SCD and SREBP1 genes. After transfection of these shRNA constructs into the chicken embryonic hepatocytes, expressions of the target genes were monitored by real time PCR. Significant reduction (P<0.05) in the expression of SCD and SREBP1 genes was observed in hepatocytes. The shRNAs against SCD gene showed the knock down efficiency ranged from 20.4% (shRNA5) to 74.2% (shRNA2). In case of SREBP1 gene, the shRNAs showed knock-down efficiency ranging from 26.8% (shRNA4) to 95.85% (shRNA1). The shRNAs against both the genes introduced in chicken hepatocyte cells did not show any significant impact on expression of immune response genes (IFNA and IFNB) in those cells. These results clearly demonstrated the successful down regulation of the expression of SCD and SREBP1 genes by the shRNA molecules against both the target genes under in vitro condition. It is concluded that the shRNA molecules against SCD and SREBP1 genes showed great potential to silence the expression of these genes under in vitro chicken embryonic hepatocyte cells.
Attribute Reduction Algorithm of Neighborhood Rough Set Based on Supervised Granulation and Its Application
Authors: zou li , Ren Siyuan , Sun Yibo , Yang Xinhua
Published: January 2022

In neighborhood rough set theory, attribute reduction based on measure of information has important application significance. The influence of different decision classes was not considered for calculation of traditional conditional neighborhood entropy, and the improvement of algorithm based on conditional neighborhood entropy mainly includes of introducing multi granularity and different levels, while the mutual influence between samples with different labels is less considered. To solve this problem, this paper uses the supervised strategy to improve the conditional neighborhood entropy of three-layer granulation. By using two different neighborhood radii to adjust the mutual influence degree of different label samples, and by considering the mutual influence between conditional attributes through the feature complementary relationship, a neighborhood rough set attribute reduction algorithm based on supervised granulation is proposed. Experiment results on UCI data sets show that the proposed algorithm is superior to the traditional conditional neighborhood entropy algorithm in both aspects of reduction rate and reduction accuracy. Finally, the proposed algorithm is applied to the evaluation of fatigue life influencing factors of titanium alloy welded joints. The results of coupling relationship analysis show that the effect of joint type should be most seriously considered in the calculation of stress concentration factor. The results of influencing factors analysis show that the stress range has the highest weight among all the fatigue life influencing factors of titanium alloy welded joint.
Doğal Olayların Tetiklediği KBRN-p Tehlikesi ve Riski: Türkiye Örneği
Authors: DÖKMECİ Ayşe Handan , AKDUMAN Öznur
Published: January 2022

Jeostratejik konumu ve küresel iklim değişikliği nedeniyle ülkemizde son 10 yıldır doğal olaylar daha sık ve şiddetli yaşanmaktadır. Doğa kökenli olayların tetiklemesiyle birlikte ardışık etkilerle ortaya çıkabilecek büyük ölçekli Kimyasal, Biyolojik, Radyolojik, Nükleer ve Patlayıcı (KBRN-p) felaketlerin gerçekleşme olasılığı genellikle düşüktür. Ancak, insanlar, çevre, altyapı, belirli alanların ekonomisi ya da tüm bölge/ülke üzerinde potansiyel etkileri yüksek olmaktadır. Ülkemizde deprem, sel, heyelan ve çığ gibi doğa kökenli olaylara yönelik haritalar bulunmaktadır. Fakat KBRN-p tehlikelerine yönelik hazırlanmış haritalar bulunmamaktadır. İklim değişikliğinin, hava ile ilgili doğal tehlikelerin sıklığını ve yoğunluğunu artırdığı düşünüldüğünde mevcut KBRN-p maddelerinden kaynaklanabilecek tehlikelerin envanterinin bilinmesi risklerin azaltılmasında ve olası faciayı önlemede kilit rol oynayabileceği düşünülmektedir. Çalışmamızda ardışık afet kavramı ve ardışık afetlerden kaynaklanabilecek KBRN-p tehlike ve riskler ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca KBRN-p olaylarının gerçekleşme olasılığı bulunan illerdeki endüstrileri ve enerji tesislerini içeren haritalar, T.C. İçişleri Bakanlığı Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Başkanlığı (AFAD) tarafından oluşturulmuş deprem, sel/su basması, heyelan ve çığ tehlike haritaları üzerinde örtüştürülerek hazırlanmış ve ardışık etkiler sonucu açığa çıkabilecek riskler literatür taramasına dayandırılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bu değerlendirme sonucunda, doğal olaylar ile KBRN-p olaylarının karşılıklı bağımlılıkları; güvenlik açıklarının azaltılması, dirençliliğin artırılması, ikincil afetlerin değerlendirilmesi ve kritik altyapılarda risk azaltma uygulamaları gibi kritik adımların ele alınması gerektiği ve risk değerlendirmesi yaparken karşılıklı etkileşen, birleşik, birbirine bağlı, ardışık tehlikelerin oluşturacağı risklerin göz ardı edilmemesi gerekliliği ortaya konmuştur. Çalışmamızın, ülkemizdeki doğa kökenli olayların tetikleyebileceği KBRN-p olaylarının ardışık afete dönüşmesini önlemede literatüre katkı sağlaması ve KBRN-p tehlike ve risk haritalarının hazırlanmasında yol gösterici olması beklenmektedir.
Development of fermented product using dispersion from domestic breeding peas
Authors: Veber A. L. , Leonova S. A. , Nikiforova T. A. , Giarno M. , Badamshina E. V. , Lisin P. A.
Published: January 2022

Currently, there is a steady trend in the world aimed at finding new raw protein sources and their industrial processing into functional food products. The modern food market is represented among other things by non-alcoholic beverages from plant raw materials (vegetable "milk", fermented plant drinks), combined fermented milk products of complex raw materials, which are becoming popular among consumers and are in high demand among the population. The study shows the possibility of using pea grains of Bashkir Research Institute of Agriculture BashSC RAS (BRIA, Republic of Bashkortostan) varieties in the technology of obtaining fermented products. Consumer qualities, the chemical composition of pea varieties of the BRIA selection (Chishminsky 95, Chishminsky 229, Pamyati Khangildin, Yuldash) and their ability to germinate have been investigated. The possibility of their use for obtaining a plant dispersion intended for manufacturing fermented products from plant raw materials has been established.
Fatty acid composition of yogurt drink based on mare's milk
Authors: Kanareykina S. G. , Kanareykin V. I. , Chernyshenko Yu. N. , Rakhmatullina I. F.
Published: January 2022

In accordance with the local climatic conditions and folk traditions in the Republic of Bashkortostan, dairy horse breeding occupies a leading position. Mare's milk is a unique raw material for the production of a wide variety of highly nutritious, complete and easily digestible food products. Scientists recommend mare's milk as a medicinal and dietary product. The paper presents a yogurt recipe developed on the basis of a composition using mare's milk. The composition received patent No 2677219 ( Composition…, 2019 ). It is known that mare's milk fat is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are of particular physiological importance for the human body. There is a need to ration and ensure a constant intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids of the ω-3 family with food. The purpose of this work is to study the fatty acid composition of yoghurt. To obtain a fermented milk product, milk from Bashkir mares was used as raw material. The production and research of prototypes of yoghurt were carried out on the basis of the Faculty of Food Technologies of the Bashkir State Agrarian University. The determination of the fatty acid composition of the yoghurt sample took place in the accredited testing laboratory centre "Federal Research Centre for Nutrition and Biotechnology" (Moscow). The use of mare's milk allows one to change the fatty acid composition of the finished fermented milk product. Analysis of the fatty acid composition of the sample has showed that it has a high content of oleic, γ-linolenic, α-linolenic and arachidonic acids.
Rank one HCIZ at high temperature: interpolating between classical and free convolutions
Authors: Mergny Pierre , Potters Marc
Published: January 2022

We study the rank one Harish-Chandra-Itzykson-Zuber integral in the
limit where \frac{N\beta}{2} \to cNβ2→c, called the high-temperature regime and show that it
can be used to construct a promising one-parameter interpolation family,
with parameter c
between the classical and the free convolution. This
c-convolution
has a simple interpretation in terms of another associated family of
distribution indexed by c,
called the Markov-Krein transform: the c-convolution
of two distributions corresponds to the classical convolution of their
Markov-Krein transforms. We derive first cumulant-moment relations, a
central limit theorem, a Poisson limit theorem and show several
numerical examples of c-convoluted
distributions.
OS PRINCIPAIS DESAFIOS E PERSPECTIVAS DA LIDERANÇA FEMININA NA CONTEMPORANEIDADE
Authors: Figueredo Rogério Carvalho de
Published: January 2022

Apesar das incansáveis lutas e conquistas, as mulheres são segregadas e discriminadas no mercado de trabalho. Devido às fortes influências socioculturais a mulher trabalhadora ainda está vulnerável a constantes questionamentos sobre sua capacidade profissional, principalmente enquanto líder. Objetivou-se caracterizar os principais desafios e perspectivas para a liderança da mulher no mercado de trabalho no contexto atual. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, exploratória, descritiva, de abordagem qualitativa, que utilizou artigos, dissertações e e-books publicados entre 2016 e 2020. Os materiais foram extraídos do SciELO, Google Acadêmico, Biblioteca Virtual da Fundação Getúlio Vargas e repositórios institucionais. Os estudos que compõem a discussão teórica foram organizados em categorias que discorrem sobre bases conceituais e históricas sobre a desigualdade de gênero e o mercado de trabalho; principais características do perfil e atuação da mulher no mercado de trabalho; os principais desafios para liderança feminina contemporânea e as perspectivas do mercado de trabalho para a líder mulher do futuro. Entre os desafios a serem enfrentados e superados, a literatura aponta para uma grande e longa batalha contra a desigualdade de gênero na sociedade. Que suas perspectivas de atuação não se restrinjam apenas ao empreendedorismo, mas que elas estejam presentes em todos os setores da sociedade.
PORONGO COMO BIOSSORVENTE: CARACTERÍSTICAS FÍSICO-QUÍMICAS, APLICAÇÕES TECNOLÓGICAS E AMBIENTAIS
Authors: De Lima Kethleenn Drusina , Da Silva Yasmin Araujo , Nicolini Keller Paulo , Nicolini Jaqueline
Published: January 2022

O uso de biossorventes em estudos de adsorção é uma estratégia que permite reduzir os impactos ambientais causados por espécies ambientalmente tóxicas ou nocivas. O uso de biossorvente permite agregar valor à subprodutos da matriz regional no que se refere as aplicações tecnológicas, promovendo sustentabilidade e desenvolvimento local e regional. Neste estudo foi utilizado o exocarpo e o mesocarpo do porongo (Lagenaria spp.) como biossorvente alternativo para remoção do corante alizarina, o qual é utilizado para avaliar a estabilidade térmica e a acidez do leite. Os estudos foram conduzidos a 25C, tendo sido gerados os parâmetros de equilíbrio a partir das isotermas de Freundlich e de Langmuir. A isoterma de Freundlich indica biossorção com baixa heterogeneidade, representada pelos valores de n = 7,76 (2 < n < 10). A isoterma de Langmuir indica biossorção linear, com valor de RL = 1, sendo favorável ao modelo em monocamada. Os parâmetros cinéticos indicam que a sorção ocorre na interface sólido/líquido se ajustando ao modelo de pseudossegunda ordem (R2 = 0,98). Este estudo demonstra potencial para o uso de porongo como biossorvente alternativo para a remoção de corantes provenientes da indústria de laticínios, uma alternativa que pode ser empregada como estratégia para a gestão ambiental visando a Produção mais Limpa (P+L).
BUSINESS PROCESS MANAGEMENT: ANÁLISE DO PROCESSO DE ELABORAÇÃO DE PROJETO DE ESTAÇÃO DE TRATAMENTO DE ESGOTO (ETE) EM UMA EMPRESA DE GOIÂNIA
Authors: Reis Marco Túlio Souza , Barboza Renato Monteiro , Machado Vieira Glaucia Rosalina
Published: January 2022

O projeto de engenharia é um processo iterativo de aprimoramento contínuo de informações para que no fim se obtenha solução exequível, segura e otimizada. A gradativa complexidade desses projetos demanda cada vez mais equipes projetistas de diferentes especialidades trabalhando juntas, exigindo boa gestão para que não impere o improviso e o caos. Um exemplo é o projeto de uma Estação de Tratamento de Esgoto (ETE), que geralmente conta com milhares de metros quadrados construídos e com grandes equipamentos que necessitam de cuidados com suas especificidades. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo realizar a análise do processo de elaboração de projeto de ETE em uma empresa de Goiânia que realiza projetos de saneamento. Baseando-se na disciplina BPM (Business Process Management) e sua notação por meio da aplicação de questionários, entrevistas, visitas in loco e pesquisa documental foi possível mapear os processos atuais de projeto de ETE e diagnostica-los. Foram identificadas oportunidades de melhorias do processo, modelado o processo futuro propondo soluções para os problemas encontrados e foram definidos métricas e indicadores de desempenho e monitoramento da produtividade dos processos. Propõe-se a criação de um novo cargo e/ou equipe que será responsável por monitorar a produtividade das equipes, além de garantir uma melhor comunicação para evitar desperdícios e guiar as equipes para a melhoria contínua com auxílio da metodologia ágil scrum.
Framework for Furniture and Wood Processing Industry Polytechnic in Era Disruption of Covid-19
Authors: Kristianto Fesa Putra , Fariz Nuthqy , Saputra Deni , Athirah Salwa Islami
Published: January 2022

In the era of the Covid-19 pandemic, all activities are forced to adapt to the Disruption Era, one of which is the education sector. The era of Disruption Covid-19 changed the learning system from face to face to online and did not change the quality of the learning process. Therefore, the Furniture and Wood Processing Industry Polytechnic must create a new framework in order to survive. This study aims to create a new framework that has the perspectives of various stakeholders such as government, industry, academic institutions, certification institutions, students and technological developments. The making of this framework is based on PEST analysis and a drives competitive for universities according to (Panday, 2014). The result of the framework for the Wood Furniture and Processing Industry Polytechnic are implementation health protocol for Covid-19, improvement of facilities dan infrastructure, creating income from teaching factory, SDM adaptation for improvement facilities and infrastructure, and quality assurance of graduates. The next step is to carry out monitoring and evaluation (MONEV) so that the implementation of framework runs according to the references and targets.
Organizational Change in Public Service
Authors: Ekowati Dian
Published: January 2022

This study aims to investigate institutional logic underlying the initiation of the change management process in public sector organizations. Organizational Institutionalism is used to frame the analysis. The study itself took place in three different public organizations in the Province of East Java, including a one-stop service for licensing as well as that of vehicle registration, taxing, and insurance and also from the local health authority. The qualitative method was employed to analyze information gathered through semi-structured interviews with 35 respondents. Data were analyzed by using an approach informed by grounded theory. The study unveiled various institutional logics underlying the adoption of changes and innovation in organizations. It ranged from the most common reason for improving performance gaps up to the need to clean the organization’s name and build a better image. The study contributes to the idea that an organization’s previous experiences, as well as perceived institutional character, affect the need to conduct changes.
Forecasting of Tourism Companies Before and During Covid-19
Authors: Sarkar Asima
Published: January 2022

For about last two years, the whole world is suffering from a novel disease i.e. Covid-19. When it was first diagnosed in China, even the giant health agencies could not predict the severity and spread of this disease. Slowly, when this novel corona virus had an outbreak the countries stopped all kinds of communication be it interstate or intercountry and so the tourism companies started facing huge loss due to lockdown in every single country. In this paper, the stock prices of the multinational tourism companies that operate in India, have been forecasted and using an online learning algorithm known as Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU). As we know that predicting stock prices is not an easy task to do, it requires extensive study of the stock market and intervention of statistical and machine learning models. We will try to spot whether the forecasting before pandemic is better than the forecasting during the pandemic for each of the six leading multinational tourism companies.
Antibacterial Activity of Ethyl Acetate and Cream Formulation of Coleus atropurpureus leaves Against Staphylococcus aureus
Authors:   Kimia, MIPA, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Jambi, Lasmana Tarigan Indra , Muadifah Afidatulx ,   Farmasi, STIKes Karya Putra Bangsa, Tulungagung, Clourisa Clourisa Amaris Susanto Nindita ,   Kimia, MIPA, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Jambi, Huda Choirul ,   Farmasi, STIKes Karya Putra Bangsa, Tulungagung
Published: January 2022

Infectious diseases caused by Staphylococcus aureus (Sa) bacteria reaching 70% of cases in Asia and can attack and survive in epithelial cells including endothelial cells. Attempts to overcome the infection caused by Sa by giving antibiotics, which work as antibacterial. Myana (Coleus atropurpureus L. Benth) leaves contain several active compounds that might act as antibacterial agents. This study aimed to analyze the antibacterial activity of Coleus Extract in vitro and to evaluate the formulation of the extract cream against the bacteria causing infection, Sa. Coleus leaves ethyl acetate extract contains alkaloids and tannins, the absorbance of Sa at the 3rd hour was getting smaller, from 0.668 to 0.552, this showed that the longer the incubation time of the extract against bacterial inoculation, the more bacteria died. Our cream formulation with criteria: the pH value, homogeneity, spreadability, adhesion, and protection power. Our cream formulation results were then evaluated based on the standard, with criteria: the pH value, homogeneity, spreadability, adhesion, and protection power. It seems that our cream is per the cream standards. It is semi-solid, brownish-white in color, smells typical of Coleus, and pH 6. Moreover, the cream is homogeneous with 5 cm of spreadability, 7 seconds for adhesion, and colorless. Moreover, we found that Coleus extract cream has better antibacterial activity than positive control with a wound closure time of 7-14 days for extract while more than 14 days for positive control.
Rapid screening analysis of antioxidant activities in green tea products using DPPH and FRAP
Authors:   Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia, Setiawan Vendra , Phangestu Sherlly ,   Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia, Grace Soetikno Agatha ,   Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia, Arianti Angelina ,   Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia, Kohar Indrajati ,   Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
Published: January 2022

Free radicals are formed inside and outside the body. Free radicals inside the body can be created in the cell compartments. The reactions are complex through the initiation, propagation, and termination stages. On the other hand, free radicals in the outer body can be formed from pollutions and environmental damage action. Excessive free radicals cause oxidative stress and use destructive cellular to affect health conditions. Antioxidants are known as essential agents in biological systems against diseases triggered by free radicals. One of the many antioxidants found in tea plants (Camellia sinensis) is polyphenols. A colorimetry method was employed to evaluate the dominant antioxidant compound of the total phenolic and flavonoid content in two selected tea products. The total phenolic content was determined by utilizing the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. In addition, an aluminum colorimetric assay is applied to assess flavonoid content. Rapid screening of antioxidant activity using a spectrophotometric method is employed to determine IC50 values of tea extracts utilizing DPPH and FRAP. The FRAP method showed more sensitivity in determining antioxidant activities with the feasibility of working in low analyte concentrations than the DPPH method. The high total phenolic and flavonoid contents found in this experiment are in line with low IC50 values. It was also found out that brewed green tea has lower total phenol content than green tea bags.
Analisis Perbandingan Biaya Perawatan (Cost of illness Stroke Iskemik dan Stroke Hemoragik Pasien Rawat Inap di SUD Pannembahan Senopati
Authors:   Program Studi Sarjana Farmasi, Fakultas Ilmu-Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Alma Ata, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Setiani Setiani , Radne Rimba Imram ,   Program Studi Administrasi Rummah Sakit, Fakultas Ilmu-Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Alma Ata, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Dwinta Eliza ,   Program Studi Sarjana Farmasi, Fakultas Ilmu-Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Alma Ata, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Published: January 2022

Stroke termasuk dalam penyakit katarostropik yang dapat mengancam jiwa, dan memiliki resiko tinggi serta membutuhan pertolongan segera. Stroke dapat menyebabkan penderitanya memiliki faktor resiko morbiditas seusia hidupnya yang dapat menimbulkan Burden disease sehingga menyebabkan kematian, cedera, hilangnya produktifitas dan membutuhkan biaya penanganan yang cukup tinggi. Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui total biaya perawatan dan selisish biaya perawatan stroke iskemik dan stroke hemoragik pasien rawat inap di RSUD Panembahan Senopati Bantul. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian deskriptif analitik non-eksperimental dengan pendekatan cross sectional study menurut perspektif penyedia layanan kesehatan (provider). Biaya yang diperhitungkan adalah biaya langsung (direct cost) menggunakan pendekatan bottom up. Subyek penelitian adalah semua pasien stroke rawat inap yang terdaftar sebagai pasien umum di rumah sakit yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Data dianalisis menggunakan software Excel dan SPSS. Hasil penelitian melibatkan 50 sampel yang terdiri dari 32 pasien stroke iskemik dan 18 pasien stroke hemoragik menunjukan dengan analisis regresi linear variabel bebas berpengaruh terhadap biaya stroke sebesar 49,1%. Lama rawat inap menjadi faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap tingginya biaya dengan nilai p 0,00 (<0,05). Total direct health cost perawatan stroke adalah sebesar Rp151.633.600,00 Sedangkan material cost sebesar Rp113.954.918,00. Total rata-rata biaya stroke iskemik Rp4.625.511.006, stroke hemoragik Rp6.531.786.277 dengan selisih Rp1.906.275.271.
Exploring Ancient Networks
Authors: Veldhuis Niek
Published: January 2022

A small archive of texts from ancient Iraq is used to demonstrate an approach to network analysis in which traditional close reading and computational text analysis go hand-in-hand. The computational methods produce tables and graphs that link back to online editions of the primary material, enabling the user to check the results.
Costos de plantación y siembra directa de Prosopis flexuosa var. depressa (Fabaceae) para restauración ecológica
Authors: Pérez Daniel R. , Ceballos Cristian , Oneto María Elena
Published: January 2022

Antecedentes y Objetivos: La capacidad para llevar a cabo una restauración ecológica en forma práctica requiere que sea considerada tanto la probabilidad de éxito en términos ecológicos como los costos económicos. Como aporte al estudio que integra dichos aspectos, los objetivos de este trabajo fueron: (i) estimar los costos directos de la siembra de semillas y la plantación de ejemplares de vivero de P. flexuosa var. depressa, una especie considerada “marco” o “fundante” de la restauración en zonas áridas del territorio biogeográfico del Monte de Argentina, (ii) evaluar la incidencia de los porcentajes de germinación y/o establecimiento de plántulas en los resultados, y (iii) comparar dos escenarios económicos, uno rural y otro petrolero. Métodos: Los cálculos se efectuaron a partir de costos directos. Para determinar la incidencia en el porcentaje de establecimiento, se realizó una reducción a valores unitarios (una semilla o planta). Se apropiaron costos para cada insumo y/o actividad de siembra de semillas o plantación a estas unidades, considerando la mortalidad. Para obtener el costo total, se redujo a valor unitario (una semilla o plántula) la incidencia de cada actividad o insumo, y se multiplicó por la cantidad de ejemplares esperados por hectárea. Resultados clave: Si bien el establecimiento en campo de plántulas de vivero de P. flexuosa var. depressa es muy superior al porcentaje de sobrevivencia a partir de siembras de semillas (91% vs. 11%), la siembra resultó en una reducción de costos de 40% en relación con la plantación. La diferencia muy notable de salarios de empresas privadas del sector hidrocarburífero vs. empleados rurales, genera un incremento de cuatro veces el valor directo en dólares en el escenario petrolero. Conclusiones: Se concluye que la siembra directa debe recibir prioridad en investigación científica y asistencia técnico-económica para productores rurales.
Identifying the Socioeconomic, Demographic, and Political Determinants of Social Mobility and Their Effects on COVID-19 Cases and Deaths: Evidence From US Counties
Authors: Jalali Niloofar , Tran N Ken , Sen Anindya , Morita Plinio Pelegrini
Published: January 2022

Background

The spread of COVID-19 at the local level is significantly impacted by population mobility. The U.S. has had extremely high per capita COVID-19 case and death rates. Efficient nonpharmaceutical interventions to control the spread of COVID-19 depend on our understanding of the determinants of public mobility.

Objective

This study used publicly available Google data and machine learning to investigate population mobility across a sample of US counties. Statistical analysis was used to examine the socioeconomic, demographic, and political determinants of mobility and the corresponding patterns of per capita COVID-19 case and death rates.

Methods

Daily Google population mobility data for 1085 US counties from March 1 to December 31, 2020, were clustered based on differences in mobility patterns using K-means clustering methods. Social mobility indicators (retail, grocery and pharmacy, workplace, and residence) were compared across clusters. Statistical differences in socioeconomic, demographic, and political variables between clusters were explored to identify determinants of mobility. Clusters were matched with daily per capita COVID-19 cases and deaths.

Results

Our results grouped US counties into 4 Google mobility clusters. Clusters with more population mobility had a higher percentage of the population aged 65 years and over, a greater population share of Whites with less than high school and college education, a larger percentage of the population with less than a college education, a lower percentage of the population using public transit to work, and a smaller share of voters who voted for Clinton during the 2016 presidential election. Furthermore, clusters with greater population mobility experienced a sharp increase in per capita COVID-19 case and death rates from November to December 2020.

Conclusions

Republican-leaning counties that are characterized by certain demographic characteristics had higher increases in social mobility and ultimately experienced a more significant incidence of COVID-19 during the latter part of 2020.
Perceptions and Needs of Artificial Intelligence in Health Care to Increase Adoption: Scoping Review
Authors: Chew Han Shi Jocelyn , Achananuparp Palakorn
Published: January 2022

Background

Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of health care service delivery. However, the perceptions and needs of such systems remain elusive, hindering efforts to promote AI adoption in health care.

Objective

This study aims to provide an overview of the perceptions and needs of AI to increase its adoption in health care.

Methods

A systematic scoping review was conducted according to the 5-stage framework by Arksey and O’Malley. Articles that described the perceptions and needs of AI in health care were searched across nine databases: ACM Library, CINAHL, Cochrane Central, Embase, IEEE Xplore, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies that were published from inception until June 21, 2021. Articles that were not specific to AI, not research studies, and not written in English were omitted.

Results

Of the 3666 articles retrieved, 26 (0.71%) were eligible and included in this review. The mean age of the participants ranged from 30 to 72.6 years, the proportion of men ranged from 0% to 73.4%, and the sample sizes for primary studies ranged from 11 to 2780. The perceptions and needs of various populations in the use of AI were identified for general, primary, and community health care; chronic diseases self-management and self-diagnosis; mental health; and diagnostic procedures. The use of AI was perceived to be positive because of its availability, ease of use, and potential to improve efficiency and reduce the cost of health care service delivery. However, concerns were raised regarding the lack of trust in data privacy, patient safety, technological maturity, and the possibility of full automation. Suggestions for improving the adoption of AI in health care were highlighted: enhancing personalization and customizability; enhancing empathy and personification of AI-enabled chatbots and avatars; enhancing user experience, design, and interconnectedness with other devices; and educating the public on AI capabilities. Several corresponding mitigation strategies were also identified in this study.

Conclusions

The perceptions and needs of AI in its use in health care are crucial in improving its adoption by various stakeholders. Future studies and implementations should consider the points highlighted in this study to enhance the acceptability and adoption of AI in health care. This would facilitate an increase in the effectiveness and efficiency of health care service delivery to improve patient outcomes and satisfaction.
Investigating #covidnurse Messages on TikTok: Descriptive Study
Authors: Yalamanchili Bhavya , Donelle Lorie , Jurado Leo-Felix , Fera Joseph , Basch Corey H
Published: January 2022

Background

During a time of high stress and decreased social interaction, nurses have turned to social media platforms like TikTok as an outlet for expression, entertainment, and communication.

Objective

The purpose of this cross-sectional content analysis study is to describe the content of videos with the hashtag #covidnurse on TikTok, which included 100 videos in the English language.

Methods

At the time of the study, this hashtag had 116.9 million views. Each video was coded for content-related to what nurses encountered and were feeling during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results

Combined, the 100 videos sampled received 47,056,700 views; 76,856 comments; and 5,996,676 likes. There were 4 content categories that appeared in a majority (>50) of the videos: 83 showed the individual as a nurse, 72 showed the individual in professional attire, 58 mentioned/suggested stress, 55 used music, and 53 mentioned/suggested frustration. Those that mentioned stress and those that mentioned frustration received less than 50% of the total views (n=21,726,800, 46.17% and n=16,326,300, 34.69%, respectively). Although not a majority, 49 of the 100 videos mentioned the importance of nursing. These videos garnered 37.41% (n=17,606,000) of the total views, 34.82% (n=26,759) of the total comments, and 23.85% (n=1,430,213) of the total likes. So, despite nearly half of the total videos mentioning how important nurses are, these videos received less than half of the total views, comments, and likes.

Conclusions

Social media and increasingly video-related online messaging such as TikTok are important platforms for social networking, social support, entertainment, and education on diverse topics, including health in general and COVID-19 specifically. This presents an opportunity for future research to assess the utility of the TikTok platform for meaningful engagement and health communication on important public health issues.
Smartphone Ownership and Interest in Mobile Health Technologies for Self-care Among Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: Cross-sectional Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Leigh Jonathan W , Gerber Ben S , Gans Christopher P , Kansal Mayank M , Kitsiou Spyros
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND

Heart failure (HF) is a highly prevalent chronic condition that places a substantial burden on patients, families, and health care systems worldwide. Recent advances in mobile health (mHealth) technologies offer great opportunities for supporting many aspects of HF self-care. There is a need to better understand patients’ adoption of and interest in using mHealth for self-monitoring and management of HF symptoms.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study is to assess smartphone ownership and patient attitudes toward using mHealth technologies for HF self-care in a predominantly minority population in an urban clinical setting.

METHODS

We conducted a cross-sectional survey of adult outpatients (aged ≥18 years) at an academic outpatient HF clinic in the Midwest. The survey comprised 34 questions assessing patient demographics, ownership of smartphones and other mHealth devices, frequently used smartphone features, use of mHealth apps, and interest in using mHealth technologies for vital sign and HF symptom self-monitoring and management.

RESULTS

A total of 144 patients were approached, of which 100 (69.4%) participated in the study (63/100, 63% women). The participants had a mean age of 61.3 (SD 12.25) years and were predominantly Black or African American (61/100, 61%) and Hispanic or Latino (18/100, 18%). Almost all participants (93/100, 93%) owned a cell phone. The share of patients who owned a smartphone was 68% (68/100). Racial and ethnic minorities that identified as Black or African American or Hispanic or Latino reported higher smartphone ownership rates compared with White patients with HF (45/61, 74% Black or African American and 11/18, 61% Hispanic or Latino vs 9/17, 53% White). There was a moderate and statistically significant association between smartphone ownership and age (Cramér V [ΦC]=0.35; P<.001), education (ΦC=0.29; P=.001), and employment status (ΦC=0.3; P=.01). The most common smartphone features used by the participants were SMS text messaging (51/68, 75%), internet browsing (43/68, 63%), and mobile apps (41/68, 60%). The use of mHealth apps and wearable activity trackers (eg, Fitbits) for self-monitoring of HF-related parameters was low (15/68, 22% and 15/100, 15%, respectively). The most popular HF-related self-care measures participants would like to monitor using mHealth technologies were physical activity (46/68, 68%), blood pressure (44/68, 65%), and medication use (40/68, 59%).

CONCLUSIONS

Most patients with HF have smartphones and are interested in using commercial mHealth apps and connected health devices to self-monitor their condition. Thus, there is a great opportunity to capitalize on the high smartphone ownership among racial and ethnic minority patients to increase reach and enhance HF self-management through mHealth interventions.
Monitoring Symptoms of COVID-19: Review of Mobile Apps (Preprint)
Authors: Schmeelk Suzanna , Davis Alison , Li Qiaozheng , Shippey Caroline , Utah Michelle , Myers Annie , Reading Turchioe Meghan , Masterson Creber Ruth
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND

Mobile health (mHealth) apps have facilitated symptom monitoring of COVID-19 symptoms globally and have been used to share data with health care professionals and support disease prediction, prevention, management, diagnostics, and improvements in treatments and patient education.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this review is to evaluate the quality and functionality of COVID-19 mHealth apps that support tracking acute and long-term symptoms of COVID-19.

METHODS

We systematically reviewed commercially available mHealth apps for COVID-19 symptom monitoring by searching Google Play and Apple iTunes using search terms such as “COVID-19,” “Coronavirus,” and “COVID-19 and symptoms.” All apps underwent three rounds of screening. The final apps were independently assessed using the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS), an informatics functionality scoring system, and the Center for Disease Control and World Health Organization symptom guidelines. The MARS is a 19-item standardized tool to evaluate the quality of mHealth apps on engagement, functionality, aesthetics, and information quality. Functionality was quantified across the following criteria: inform, instruct, record (collect, share, evaluate, and intervene), display, guide, remind or alert, and communicate. Interrater reliability between the reviewers was calculated.

RESULTS

A total of 1017 mobile apps were reviewed, and 20 (2%) met the inclusion criteria. The majority of the 20 included apps (n=18, 90%) were designed to track acute COVID-19 symptoms, and only 2 (10%) addressed long-term symptoms. Overall, the apps scored high on quality, with an overall MARS rating of 3.89 out of 5, and the highest domain score for functionality (4.2). The most common functionality among all apps was the instruct function (n=19, 95%). The most common symptoms included in the apps for tracking were fever and dry cough (n=18, 90%), aches and pains (n=17, 85%), difficulty breathing (n=17, 85%), tiredness, sore throat, headache, loss of taste or smell (n=16, 80%), and diarrhea (n=15, 75%). Only 2 (10%) apps specifically tracked long-term symptoms of COVID-19. The top 4 rated apps overall were state-specific apps developed and deployed for public use.

CONCLUSIONS

Overall, mHealth apps designed to monitor symptoms of COVID-19 were of high quality, but the majority of apps focused almost exclusively on acute symptoms. Future apps should also incorporate monitoring long-term symptoms of COVID-19 and evidence-based educational materials; they should also include a feature that would allow patients to communicate their symptoms to specific caregivers or their own health care team. App developers should also follow updated technical and clinical guidelines from the Center for Disease Control and the World Health Organization.
A SİMULATİON STUDY TO DETERMİNE THE RESPONSE OF MORKARAMAN SHEEP RAİSED İN CENTRAL AND EASTERN ANATOLİAN TO CHANGİNG CLİMATE CONDİTİONS
Authors: Karadavut Ufuk , Bahadır Burhan , Karadavut Volkan , Şimşek Galip
Published: January 2022

Climate change has begun to affect the whole world seriously. If necessary and sufficient measures are not taken, it seems possible that much bigger disasters will occur in the future. The agricultural sector, which forms the basis of food production, is affected the most and rapidly by this change. Significant decreases have been observed in plant and animal production. Our primary purpose is to determine the reproductive potential of animals and the amount of resistance to climate change and evaluate the economic situation. The study was carried out within ten years, covering 2009-2019. In this study, morkaraman sheep bred in the province of Kırşehir in the Central Anatolian Region and the province of Bingöl in the Eastern Anatolia Region is considered material in Turkey. In order to obtain the data used, a total of 296 sheep, 145 sheep in the Eastern Anatolia Region and 151 sheep in the Central Anatolia Region, were evaluated. The simulation study was carried out using the polygenic model. The variables examined are as follows; Lactation time (days), Average daily milk yield (ml), Daily amount of feed consumed for 1 kg live weight (kg), Yield (%), Incidence of Mastitis, Daily oil yield (g/day), Daily protein yield ( g/day), Fertility (%), Fertility time (productivity) (Days), Change in milk yield for each degree above 22 °C and Protein change for each degree above 22 °C (g/°C /day). As a result, in a one-degree increase in temperature, the highest negative effect is seen in the average daily milk yield and lactation period. Fertility and the amount of feed consumed per kg of weight had the lowest value. The preliminary work to be done with the work is that the selection of animals that are resistant/tolerant to climate change should be made. Keywords: Genotypic effects, climatic change, morkaraman sheep, simulation, sustainability.
La formación de pares moleculares en el proceso de mezclado y desmezclado
Authors: Garcia Mario Alberto Alanis , Novelo Torres Alma Miriam , Gracia Fadrique Jesus
Published: January 2022

Las combinaciones de n elementos tomados de dos en dos, cuantifican el número total de pares posibles formados a partir de los n elementos. Si a cada uno de estos pares se le asigna un potencial atractivo, entonces se puede calcular la magnitud atractiva total entre pares de una misma especie y la magnitud atractiva entre pares diferentes. Este tratamiento puede extenderse a un número mayor de primeros vecinos y entonces responder a la pregunta sobre la solubilidad total o parcial entre líquidos diferentes a través de la construcción de la función de energía libre de Gibbs de mezclado correspondiente.

 
Mobility Paulo Freire: internationalization of chemistry teacher training
Authors: Feliciano Junfanlee Manoel Oliveira , Feliciano dos Santos Jefale Gonçalves
Published: January 2022

Este artículo es el resultado del análisis del Proyecto Paulo Freire de Movilidad Académica para Estudiantes de Programas de Formación Docente Universitaria con un enfoque en la reflexión sobre las carreras de Química, para tal fin el presente autor utiliza su experiencia e informe para desarrollar la escritura mientras participa. de este programa, estando vinculado a la Universidad Federal del Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM) en la carrera de Química. En este trabajo pretendemos abordar cuestiones que involucran problemas que están asociados a la relación entre Ciencia, Tecnología y Sociedad (CTS) y la indispensabilidad de esta dimensión para ser parte del proceso de internacionalización de los cursos de Ciencias de la Naturaleza y de la Tierra, principalmente en lo que se refiere al curso. Licenciada en Química. La estrategia metodológica utilizada para el análisis del documento fue Análisis de Contenido (AC) y Análisis Textual Discursivo (ATD), en la etapa de análisis se utilizó el software Atlas.ti, que permite el uso de la función Word Count, en la que se pretende trabajo facilitando el análisis a nivel textual. en la búsqueda de comprender los conceptos involucrados y empleados en el documento y el núcleo de las propuestas que atraviesan las especificidades de la carrera de Química. De esta manera, este estudio aporta elementos para reflexionar sobre el actual proceso formativo de los estudiantes de pregrado en Química y sobre la necesidad de introducir dispositivos educativos para una formación amplia e integral de los docentes en el proceso de internacionalización de los cursos de pregrado.
Interpretaciones erróneas inducidas: el caso del diagrama de fases del azufre
Authors: Andrade-Gamboa Julio José , R. Donati Edgardo
Published: January 2022

Los diagramas de fases de sustancias puras, a modo de gráficos de presión versus temperatura, suelen introducirse en cursos universitarios de química iniciales. Por lo general, se emplean diagramas esquemáticos, fuera de escala, para poder cubrir un rango completo de presiones y temperaturas. En ellos se acentúan o exageran ciertos detalles, con el fin de resaltar ciertos comportamientos de la sustancia considerada. Esto lleva el riesgo de inducir errores conceptuales que no están presentes en un diagrama en escala. Las representaciones gráficas son una herramienta especial para la adquisición de conceptos y el reconocimiento de fenomenologías físicas y químicas. Por esta razón, es necesario que en la enseñanza se preste atención y se realicen las aclaraciones suficientes a los estudiantes, para evitar concepciones erróneas producto de la distorsión inherente a un diagrama de fases esquemático. En el presente trabajo se toma como ejemplo el diagrama de fases del azufre, debido a que, tanto en libros de texto como en artículos científicos, suele mostrarse con algunos errores cualitativos.