bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In the moonlight: non-catalytic functions of ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteases
Authors: Campos Alonso Marta , Knobeloch Klaus-Peter
Published: February 2024

Proteases that cleave ubiquitin or ubiquitin-like proteins (UBLs) are critical players in maintaining the homeostasis of the organism. Concordantly, their dysregulation has been directly linked to various diseases, including cancer, neurodegeneration, developmental aberrations, cardiac disorders and inflammation. Given their potential as novel therapeutic targets, it is essential to fully understand their mechanisms of action. Traditionally, observed effects resulting from deficiencies in deubiquitinases (DUBs) and UBL proteases have often been attributed to the misregulation of substrate modification by ubiquitin or UBLs. Therefore, much research has focused on understanding the catalytic activities of these proteins. However, this view has overlooked the possibility that DUBs and UBL proteases might also have significant non-catalytic functions, which are more prevalent than previously believed and urgently require further investigation. Moreover, multiple examples have shown that either selective loss of only the protease activity or complete absence of these proteins can have different functional and physiological consequences. Furthermore, DUBs and UBL proteases have been shown to often contain domains or binding motifs that not only modulate their catalytic activity but can also mediate entirely different functions. This review aims to shed light on the non-catalytic, moonlighting functions of DUBs and UBL proteases, which extend beyond the hydrolysis of ubiquitin and UBL chains and are just beginning to emerge.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the well-being, work conditions, and education of early career psychiatrists in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region: study protocol
Authors: Hosseini Seyedeh Reihaneh , Hajebi Ahmad , Shalbafan Mohammadreza , Ghannadi Farnaz , Larnaout Amine , Nofal Marwa , Gondek Tomasz M. , Pinto da Costa Mariana
Published: February 2024

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic placed great strain on healthcare professionals, leading to a substantial impact and a redistribution of the workforce. Despite the active involvement of the Eastern Mediterranean Region Office (EMRO) and the World Health Organization in managing mental health crises, there is a knowledge gap concerning the working conditions and training opportunities available for early career psychiatrists (ECPs) during the pandemic period.

Objectives

This study aims to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on ECPs and how it affected their well-being, employment, and educational opportunities.

Methods

A mixed methods study has been conducted in Iran, Egypt, and Tunisia, three EMRO member countries. It includes a cross-sectional survey with self-reported questions, and a qualitative study with individual in-depth interviews.

Discussion

The findings of this study will raise awareness to the working conditions of ECPs within the EMRO region and its member societies, both during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. The results will serve as a basis for encouraging supervisors and policymakers to mitigate the pandemic’s impact on psychiatric training, strengthen healthcare systems’ preparedness, and equip early career psychiatrists with the necessary skills to deal with the mental health consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Whole-Genome Scanning for Selection Signatures Reveals Candidate Genes Associated with Growth and Tail Length in Sheep
Authors: Li Taotao , Jin Meilin , Wang Huihua , Zhang Wentao , Yuan Zehu , Wei Caihong
Published: February 2024

Compared to Chinese indigenous sheep, Western sheep have rapid growth rate, larger physique, and higher meat yield. These excellent Western sheep were introduced into China for crossbreeding to expedite the enhancement of production performance and mutton quality in local breeds. Here, we investigated population genetic structure and genome-wide selection signatures among the Chinese indigenous sheep and the introduced sheep based on whole-genome resequencing data. The PCA, N-J tree and ADMIXTURE results showed significant genetic difference between Chinese indigenous sheep and introduced sheep. The nucleotide diversity (π) and linkage disequilibrium (LD) decay results indicated that the genomic diversity of introduced breeds were lower. Then, Fst & π ratio, XP-EHH, and de-correlated composite of multiple signals (DCMS) methods were used to detect the selection signals. The results showed that we identified important candidate genes related to growth rate and body size in the introduced breeds. Selected genes with stronger selection signatures are associated with growth rate (CRADD), embryonic development (BVES, LIN28B, and WNT11), body size (HMGA2, MSRB3, and PTCH1), muscle development and fat metabolism (MSTN, PDE3A, LGALS12, GGPS1, and SAR1B), wool color (ASIP), and hair development (KRT71, KRT74, and IRF2BP2). Thus, these genes have the potential to serve as candidate genes for enhancing the growth traits of Chinese indigenous sheep. We also identified tail-length trait-related candidate genes (HOXB13, LIN28A, PAX3, and VEGFA) in Chinese long-tailed breeds. Among these genes, HOXB13 is the main candidate gene for sheep tail length phenotype. LIN28A, PAX3, and VEGFA are related to embryonic development and angiogenesis, so these genes may be candidate genes for sheep tail type traits. This study will serve as a foundation for further genetic improvement of Chinese indigenous sheep and as a reference for studies related to growth and development of sheep.
Propulsion and Suspension Concept of the Technical University of Munich Hyperloop Full-Scale Demonstrator
Authors: Radeck Domenik , Hsu Felix He-Mao , Janke Florian , Semino Gabriele , Hofmann Tim , Rink Sebastian , Jocher Agnes
Published: February 2024

The hyperloop concept envisions a low pressure tube and capsules, called pods, traveling at the speed of commercial aircraft as a sustainable, future-proof mass transportation system between cities. However, in contrast to the use case of such a system, the detailed technical concept is still under development. One challenging difference in comparison to other modes of transportation lies in the technical concept of the infrastructure, which is hard to change in the long term and therefore allows a few iterations only. This study’s key contribution is to showcase the conceptual design decisions of the 24 m full-scale Hyperloop Demonstrator at the Technical University of Munich (TUM) for the propulsion and suspension system, featuring the design decision tree (DDT) method as a framework to visualize and explain the technical design decisions and dependencies of complex hardware systems. The construction of the full-scale demonstrator not only proved the feasibility of the concept but also provided valuable concept-level experiences, which are shared within this work. Compared to existing maglev and hyperloop concepts, the presented concept features a separated air-cored long stator propulsion system and a homopolar electromagnetic suspension at the bottom with the track wrapping around the vehicle, revealing promising advantages like the structural simplification of the infrastructure and the independence of the guideway and tube.
Giant Aufeis in the Pangong Tso Basin: Inventory of a Neglected Cryospheric Component in Eastern Ladakh and Western Tibet
Authors: Schmitt Tobias , Brombierstäudl Dagmar , Schmidt Susanne , Nüsser Marcus
Published: February 2024

Cryosphere studies in High Mountain Asia (HMA) typically focus on glaciers, seasonal snow cover, and permafrost. As an additional and mostly overlooked cryosphere component, aufeis occurs frequently in cold-arid regions and covers extensive areas of the Trans-Himalaya and Tibetan Plateau. This largely neglected cryosphere component generally forms in winter from repeated freezing of seepage or overflow. In this article, the occurrence of aufeis fields in the endorheic Pangong Tso Basin (PTB), with a total area of 31,000 km2, is inventoried and examined. Based on a semi-automatic remote sensing approach using Sentinel-2 imagery, about 1000 aufeis fields were detected in the spring of 2019, covering a total area of approximately 86 km2 and with an average individual size of 0.08 km2, while the largest field covered an area of 14.8 km2. A striking contrast between the northern and southern portions of the PTB characterized the spatial distribution of large aufeis fields. All large (>0.5 km2) and 13 persisting aufeis fields were located along broad valleys in the northern portion. Furthermore, a multi-temporal comparison between 1994 and 2023 shows that the number of remaining aufeis fields in autumn varied between 8 and 29, with a maximum in 2019. Their total area ranged between about 0.3 km2 in 1994 and 2023 to about 1.2 km2 in 2015 and 2019. This study complements recent aufeis inventories from the Trans-Himalayan region of Ladakh and closes the gap to the Tibetan Plateau.
Bimetallic Coordination Polymers: Synthesis and Applications in Biosensing and Biomedicine
Authors: Sun Yanping , Ma Jianxin , Ahmad Faisal , Xiao Yelan , Guan Jingyang , Shu Tong , Zhang Xueji
Published: February 2024

Bimetallic coordination polymers (CPs) have two different metal ions as connecting nodes in their polymer structure. The synthesis methods of bimetallic CPs are mainly categorized into the one-pot method and post-synthesis modifications according to various needs. Compared with monometallic CPs, bimetallic CPs have synergistic effects and excellent properties, such as higher gas adsorption rate, more efficient catalytic properties, stronger luminescent properties, and more stable loading platforms, which have been widely applied in the fields of gas adsorption, catalysis, energy storage as well as conversion, and biosensing. In recent years, the study of bimetallic CPs synergized with cancer drugs and functional nanomaterials for the therapy of cancer has increasingly attracted the attention of scientists. This review presents the research progress of bimetallic CPs in biosensing and biomedicine in the last five years and provides a perspective for their future development.
Influence of the Al Content on the Electrochemical Behavior of Zn-Al Cold-Sprayed Coatings in the Context of the Deep Geological Disposal of Radioactive Waste
Authors: Martin Alice , Charrier Gaëlle , Maillot Valérie , Crusset Didier , Gouraud Fanny , Verdy Christophe , Conforto Egle , Sabot René , Creus Juan , Refait Philippe
Published: February 2024

For high-level radioactive waste, the French National Radioactive Waste Management Agency is currently developing a 500 m deep geological disposal facility called Cigéo. Carbon steel containers will be used to contain the wastes in the specific conditions of the disposal. The use of a sacrificial coating was studied as an additional protection for the containers against corrosion. A previous work had shown the possibility to use Zn-Al coatings in this specific medium. To optimize the coatings’ performance, the cold-spraying process was considered instead of the previously used wire arc spraying because it can increase the cohesion between the particles in the coating. Moreover, three aluminum contents, i.e., 5, 15 and 25 wt.%, were considered. The characterization of the obtained coatings revealed a strongly heterogeneous composition for the lower Al content (5 wt.%), with local Al contents from 1.3 wt.% Al to 44.5 wt.% Al. The corrosion study was carried out in a specific solution mimicking the pore solution of the surrounding cementitious material designed for disposal at a temperature of 50 °C. First, the polarization curves acquired with coated steel electrodes revealed the pseudo-passive behavior of the 25 wt.% Al coating, while for the other compositions, the coating remained active. Moreover, the higher aluminum content (25 wt.%) induced an important decrease in potential, with a possible risk of hydrogen embrittlement for the protected steel. Secondly, the sacrificial properties were investigated through 6 months of experiments using coated electrodes with cross-like defects and coated electrodes coupled with bare steel electrodes. Whatever the composition of the coating, the protection was maintained, with the 15 wt.% Al coating giving the best performance.
Two-Dimensional SiH/g-C3N4 van der Waals Type-II Heterojunction Photocatalyst: A New Effective and Promising Photocatalytic Material
Authors: Wang Qi , Zhu Qian , Cao Lei , Fan Lanlan , Gu Feng , Zhang Ying , Zheng Chenglin , Xiong Shixian , Xu Liang
Published: February 2024

The two-dimensional layered heterostructure have been demonstrated as an effective method for achieving efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production. In this work, we propose, for the first time, the creation of van der Waals heterostructures from monolayers of SiH and g-C3N4 using first-principle calculations. We also systematically investigated additional properties for the first time, such as the electronic structure and optical behavior of van der Waals heterostructures composed of SiH and g-C3N4 monolayers. The results of this study show that the SiH/g-C3N4 heterostructure is categorized as a type-II heterostructure, which has a bandgap of 2.268 eV. Furthermore, the SiH/g-C3N4 heterostructure interface was observed to efficiently separate and transfer photogenerated charges, resulting in an enhanced photocatalytic redox performance. Moreover, the calculation of HOMO (Highest occupied molecular orbital) and LUMO (Least unoccupied molecular orbital) and charge density difference can further confirm that the SiH/g-C3N4 heterojunction is a type-II heterojunction, which has excellent photocatalytic hydrogen production and water decomposition performance. In addition, the SiH/g-C3N4 heterostructure exhibited excellent HER (Hydrogen evolution reaction) efficiency. This is essential for the process of photocatalytic water splitting. In SiH/g-C3N4 heterojunctions, the redox potential required for water splitting is spanned by the band edge potential. Calculating the absorption spectra, it was discovered that the SiH/g-C3N4 heterostructure possesses outstanding optical properties within the visible-light range, implying its high efficiency in photocatalytic hydrogen production. This research provides a broader research direction for the investigation of novel efficient photocatalysts and offers effective theoretical guidance for future efficient photocatalysts.
Frictional Study on 30CrNi2MoVA Steel Based on Experiments and Finite Element Simulation: Wear Prediction
Authors: Wei Ao , Li Yiyi , Feng Lianghai , Feng Yongjun , Xie Zhiwen
Published: February 2024

30CrNi2MoVA steel demonstrates excellent performance, meeting the requirements of a crucial material for high-load structural parts. However, after experiencing high loads and thermal cycling, the material undergoes wear on its contact surfaces, resulting in a certain wear depth that determines its service life. Therefore, accurately predicting and evaluating the wear performance and wear depth of this material is of paramount importance. This study employs a combined approach of experimental and simulation methods. Initially, friction and wear tests were conducted to investigate the wear behavior of the 30CrNi2MoVA steel. The experimental results reveal a significant influence of thermal cycling temperature on the material’s wear resistance, with wear mechanisms primarily attributed to adhesive wear and abrasive wear. Subsequently, a ball-on-disc wear model was established. Based on experimental data, the modified Archard model was implemented as a user subroutine in finite element software (ABAQUS version 2020) to assess the material’s wear volume. The simulation results demonstrate a close agreement with the experimental wear depths. Furthermore, a fitting formula was developed to correlate the wear depth of the material with the number of wear cycles, enabling accurate wear depth prediction. This study provides theoretical support for enhancing the performance and extending the service life of 30CrNi2MoVA steel.
Effect of Electron Beam Surface Modification on the Plasticity of Inconel Alloy 625
Authors: Valkov Stefan , Kotlarski Georgi , Parshorov Stoyan , Ormanova Maria , Stoyanov Borislav , Padikova Fatme , Parshorov Ivan
Published: February 2024

In the present work, we present results on the influence of electron beam surface modification on the resistance to plastic deformation and plasticity of Inconel alloy 625. During the treatment procedure, the electron beam currents were 10 and 20 mA, corresponding to beam powers of 600 W and 1200 W. The structures of the modified specimens were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The nanohardness and Young’s modulus were studied through nanoindentation experiments. The plasticity of the treated materials as well as of the untreated ones was studied through an evaluation of H3/E2, which points to resistance to plastic deformation. The results obtained show that the electron beam surface modification procedure leads to a reorientation of microvolumes and the formation of a preferred crystallographic orientation. The surface treatment of the samples using an electron beam with a power of 600 W did not lead to major changes in the structures of the samples. However, the use of a beam with a power of 1200 W led to the formation of a clearly separated modified zone with a thickness in the range of 13 to 15 μm. The Young’s modulus increased from about 100 to 153 GPa in the case of electron beam surface modification using the lower-power electron beam. The application of the higher-power electron beam did not lead to a significant change in the modulus of elasticity as compared to the untreated specimen. Also, it was found that the treatment procedure pointed to a decrease in nanohardness when the maximum power of the electron beam was applied. The resistance to plastic deformation, i.e., the H3/E2 ratio, showed that the ratio decreased significantly in both cases of electron beam surface modification, pointing to an improvement in the plasticity of the surface of the Inconel alloy 625.
Correction: Foss et al. The Rise of Population Genomic Screening: Characteristics of Current Programs and the Need for Evidence Regarding Optimal Implementation. J. Pers. Med. 2022, 12, 692
Authors: Foss Kimberly S. , O’Daniel Julianne M. , Berg Jonathan S. , Powell Sabrina N. , Cadigan Rosemary Jean , Kuczynski Kristine J. , Milko Laura V. , Saylor Katherine W. , Roberts Megan , Weck Karen , Henderson Gail E.
Published: February 2024

There was an error in the original publication [...]
The Effect P Additive on the CeZrAl Support Properties and the Activity of the Pd Catalysts in Propane Oxidation
Authors: Feng Feng , Li Hong , Yang Xingxia , Wang Chengxiong , Zhao Yunkun , Wang Hua , Du Junchen
Published: February 2024

The properties of a catalyst support are closely related to the catalyst activity, yet the focus is often placed on the active species, with little attention given to the support properties. In this work, we specifically investigated the changes in support properties after the addition of P, as well as their impact on catalyst activity when used for catalyst preparation. We prepared the CeO2-ZrO2-P2O5-Al2O3 (CeZrPAl) composite oxides using the sol–gel, impregnation, and mechanical mixing methods, and characterized the support properties using techniques such as XRD, XPS, SEM-EDS, N2 adsorption–desorption, and Raman spectra. The results showed that the support prepared using the sol–gel method can exhibit a more stable phase structure, larger surface area, higher adsorption capacity for oxygen species, and greater oxygen storage capacity. The addition of an appropriate amount of P is necessary. On the one hand, the crystallization and growth of CePO4 can lead to a decrease in the Ce content in the cubic phase ceria–zirconia solid solution, resulting in a phase separation of the ceria–zirconia solid solution. On the other hand, CePO4 can lock some of the Ce3+/Ce4+ redox pairs, leading to a reduction in the adsorption of oxygen species and a decrease in the oxygen storage capacity of the CeZrPAl composite oxides. The research results indicated that the optimal P addition is 6 wt.% in the support. Therefore, we prepared a Pd/CeZrPAl catalyst using CeZrAl with 6 wt.% P2O5 as the support and conducted the catalytic oxidation of C3H8. Compared with the support without P added, the catalyst activity of the support loaded with P was significantly improved. The fresh and aged (1000 °C/5 h) catalysts decreased by 20 °C and 5 °C in T50 (C3H8 conversion temperature of 50%), and by 81 °C and 15 °C in T90 (C3H8 conversion temperature of 90%), respectively.
The Beneficial Impact of Mineral Content in Spent-Coffee-Ground-Derived Hard Carbon on Sodium-Ion Storage
Authors: Harizanova Sonya , Uzunov Ivan , Aleksandrov Lyubomir , Shipochka Maria , Spassova Ivanka , Kalapsazova Mariya
Published: February 2024

The key technological implementation of sodium-ion batteries is converting biomass-derived hard carbons into effective anode materials. This becomes feasible if appropriate knowledge of the relations between the structure of carbonized biomass products, the mineral ash content in them, and Na storage properties is gained. In this study, we examine the simultaneous impact of the ash phase composition and carbon structure on the Na storage properties of hard carbons derived from spent coffee grounds (SCGs). The carbon structure is modified using the pre-carbonization of SCGs at 750 °C, followed by annealing at 1100 °C in an Ar atmosphere. Two variants of the pre-carbonization procedure are adopted: the pre-carbonization of SCGs in a fixed bed and CO2 flow. For the sake of comparison, the pre-carbonized products are chemically treated to remove the ash content. The Na storage performance of SCG-derived carbons is examined in model two and three Na-ion cells. It was found that ash-containing carbons outperformed the ash-free analogs with respect to cycling stability, Coulombic efficiency, and rate capability. The enhanced performance is explained in terms of the modification of the carbon surface by ash phases (mainly albite) and its interaction with the electrolyte, which is monitored by ex situ XPS.
Advances in Fatigue Performance of Metal Materials with Additive Manufacturing Based on Crystal Plasticity: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Zhang Wei , Wang Anheng , Wang Jianbin , Wang Qiaoyu , Li Fan , Lu Kuai
Published: February 2024

Using metal additive manufacturing processes can make up for traditional forging technologies when forming complex-shaped parts. At the same time, metal additive manufacturing has a fast forming speed and excellent manufacturing flexibility, so it is widely used in the aerospace industry and other fields. The fatigue strength of metal additive manufacturing is related to the microstructure of the epitaxially grown columnar grains and crystallographic texture. The crystal plasticity finite element method is widely used in the numerical simulation of the microstructure and macro-mechanical response of materials, which provides a strengthening and toughening treatment and can reveal the inner rules of material deformation. This paper briefly introduces common metal additive manufacturing processes. In terms of additive manufacturing fatigue, crystal plasticity simulations are summarized and discussed with regard to several important influencing factors, such as the microstructure, defects, surface quality, and residual stress.
Determination of IL-6 Gene Promoter Polymorphism in Patients with Hepatitis C and Its Impact on RNA Secondary Structure
Authors: Sadiq Sarah , Anwar Mohammad Zeeshan , Shafique Huma , Manzoor Syed Mohsin , Shoaib Shaiza , Hamid Rabia , Hashmi Shoaib Naiyer , Ashraf Naeem Mahmood , Afsar Tayyaba , Bhat Mashooq Ahmad , Razak Suhail
Published: February 2024

Background and Objectives: A polymorphism in the promoter region of the IL-6 gene would influence the level of IL-6 expression in patients with HCV, resulting in a pro-inflammatory response. Few studies have shown the association between −174G>C (rs1800795) and −1363G>T (rs2069827) polymorphisms and HCV infection, and their results have been contradictory. There are no data published in our population to study such an IL-6 stimulus against HCV infection and its impact on RNA secondary structure. Therefore, we isolated human subjects from the province of Punjab, Pakistan. The objective was to screen for IL-6 gene promoter polymorphisms −174G/C and −1363G/T and those correlated with serum concentrations of IL-6 in patients with HCV and compared with a control. Materials and Methods: In conventional PCR, measurement of serum IL-6 by CLIA and statistical analysis were performed to observe the genotype association studies. By integrating bioinformatics and computational tools, our study aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of how variations in the promoter region of IL-6 may have functional implications on gene expression. Results: The −174G>C and −1363G>T genotypes in the promoter region of patients with HCV were in strong allelic association (Δ = 0.97, p < 0.001). Interestingly, the bioinformatics analysis was well aligned with our experimental data. Conclusions: Based on the data, it can be inferred that IL-6 gene promoter polymorphisms are important in the dysregulation of IL-6 levels in patients with HCV.
Multiple Keratoacanthoma-like Syndromes: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Karampinis Emmanouil , Kostopoulou Christina , Toli Olga , Marinos Leonidas , Papadimitriou George , Roussaki Schulze Angeliki Victoria , Zafiriou Efterpi
Published: February 2024

Keratoacanthoma (KA) is a fast-growing skin tumor subtype that can be observed as a solitary lesion or rarely as multiple lesions in the context of rare genetic syndromes. Syndromes with multiple keratoacanthoma-like lesions have been documented as multiple self-healing squamous epithelioma (Ferguson–Smith syndrome), eruptive keratoacanthoma of Grzybowski, multiple familial keratoacanthoma of Witten and Zak Muir–Torre syndrome, and incontinentia pigmenti. The treatment approach of those entities is challenging due to the numerous lesions, the lesions’ undefined nature, and the co-existence of other malignant skin tumors. Herein, we report a case of a 40-year-old woman who developed multiple treatment-resistant Ferguson–Smith-like keratoacanthomas with a co-existing large and ulcerated invasive squamous cell carcinoma and microcystic adnexal carcinoma on the scalp. Multiple keratoacanthomas on her extremities were successfully treated with oral acitretin (0.5 mg/kg/day) in combination with topical Fluorouracil (5-FU) 5%, while excision and plastic surgery restoration were performed to treat the ulcerated cancer lesion on her scalp. Due to the interesting nature of this rare syndrome, we performed a literature review including case reports and case series on multiple-KA-like lesions syndromes and focusing on diagnosis and therapy approaches. We also conducted a comparison of patient reports, which included assessing the clinical appearance of the lesions and evaluating the success and progress or the failure of various treatment approaches that were implemented.
Physicians’ Practices in Diabetic Nephropathy in Primary Healthcare Centers in Jazan City, Saudi Arabia, 2023
Authors: Alfaifi Amal J. , Abdaly Ahmed Y. , Ghazwani Bashaer M. , Gosadi Ibrahim M.
Published: February 2024

Background and Objectives: Diabetes is one of the most common diseases dealt with by physicians in primary healthcare centers (PHCs). The disease is associated with macrovascular and microvascular complications, especially in those with long disease duration and uncontrolled diabetic nephropathy, which is one of the most common microvascular complications among diabetic patients. This investigation assessed the practices of physicians working at PHCs in terms of diabetic nephropathy screening, management, and referral. Materials and Methods: This study is a cross-sectional investigation targeting physicians working at PHCs in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia between March and August of 2023. Data were collected via a self-administered questionnaire, which was distributed via online platforms. The questionnaire included sections measuring physicians’ demographic data and associated factors regarding training, the availability of resources, and practices in diabetic nephropathy, including screening, management, and referral. Chi-squared tests were used to assess associations between the practices of physicians and the measured demographics. Result: A total of 234 physicians participated in the investigation. The median age of the participants was 35 years. The adherence level of practice toward diabetic nephropathy according to American Diabetes Association (ADA) guidelines ranged from 40 points (the highest adherence level of participants) to 19 points (the lowest adherence level of participants), with a median of 33 points. Higher adherence levels were noted among physicians in Saudi Arabia, physicians with higher education levels, physicians specializing as family physicians or diabetologists, physicians who reported attending online and on-site training at diabetic centers, physicians who reported continuous access to urine and serum creatinine tests, and physicians who reported continuous access to the American Diabetes Association guidelines (p < 0.05). Conclusions: There are several factors associated with the level of adherence in diabetic nephropathy practice, such as physicians’ education level, specialty, training, and access to guidelines. The findings suggest the need for more training for PHC physicians in the care of patients affected by or at risk of diabetic nephropathy.
Analyzing the Precipitation Effects in Low-Alloyed Copper Alloys Containing Hafnium and Chromium
Authors: Dölling Julia , Kuglstatter Moritz , Prahl Ulrich , Höppel Heinz Werner , Ortner Patrick , Ott Benedict , Kracun Stefanie Felicia , Fehlbier Martin , Zilly Andreas
Published: February 2024

Copper alloys containing chromium and hafnium combine elevated mechanical strength and high electrical and thermal conductivity. For the simultaneous enhancement of both material properties, precipitation hardening is the utilized mechanism. Therefore, the aim is to analyze the influence of chromium and hafnium in binary and ternary low-alloyed copper alloys and to compare the precipitation processes during temperature exposure. Atom probe tomography (APT) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements enable to understand the precipitation sequence in detail. CuCr0.7 starts to precipitate directly, whereas CuHf0.7 is highly influenced by prior diffusion facilitating cold rolling. Within the ternary alloy, hafnium atoms accumulate at the shell of mainly Cr-containing precipitates. Increasing the local hafnium concentration results in the formation of intermetallic CuHf precipitates at the sites of mainly Cr-containing precipitates. Indirect methods are utilized to investigate the materials’ properties and show the impact of cold rolling prior to an aging treatment on binary alloys CuCr and CuHf. Finally, ternary alloys combine the benefits of facilitated precipitation processes and decelerated growing and coarsening, which classifies the alloys to be applicable for usage at elevated temperatures.
Dynamic Recrystallization, Texture Evolution, and Improved Mechanical Properties of Mg-Y-Zn-V Alloy during Forging and Subsequent Extruding Deformation
Authors: Liu Wenjie , Zhang Changjiang , Shi Qun , Han Fuyin , Cao Peng
Published: February 2024

In this paper, the electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique was used to analyze the dynamic recrystallization (DRX), twinning, slip behavior, and texture evolution during forging and subsequent extruding deformation. The results show that, as the degree of strain increased (forging to extruding), the degree of DRX increased, and the DRX mechanism changed from discontinuous DRX (DDRX) during forging to DDRX and continuous DRX (CDRX) during extruding. Particle stimulation nucleation (PSN) promoting DRX occurred during deformation. The deformation process mainly produced {10–12} twins (TTW) and played a role in coordinating the deformation. The slip behavior also changed according to an analysis of in-grain misorientation axes (IGMA) results, changing from slip-dominated with a basal  slip to co-dominated with multiple slip modes, with the activation of mainly prismatic  and pyramidal  slip. Meanwhile, the strong basal texture at the beginning of the deformation also changed, and the texture strength decreased from 24.81 to 15.56. The weakening of the texture was mainly due to the formation of DRX grains and twins, as the newly formed DRX and twins reoriented. In the later stages of deformation, the activation of prismatic  slip and pyramidal  slip changed the basal texture component. Based on microstructural analysis, the improvement in mechanical properties was due to fine-grain strengthening and load-transfer strengthening. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) was 370.5 MPa, the yield strength (YS) was 340.1 MPa, and the elongation (EL) was 15.6%.
Geochronology, Petrogenesis, and Tectonic Setting of the Late Triassic Banpo Pluton from the Western Part of the North Qinling Orogenic Belt
Authors: Li Shuqin , Li Zuochen , Pei Xianzhi , Lin Hao , Qin Li , Ji Shang , Yang Yajie , Ren Jinghong
Published: February 2024

Precise determination of the tectonothermal events at the Qinling–Qilian junction is significant for understanding the tectonic evolution of the eastern branch of the Paleo-Tethys. The Banpo pluton outcrops in the northern margin of the North Qinling were chosen as the research subject and their formation and tectonic environment were investigated using zircon U-Pb age and geochemical compositions. The weighted average values of 206Pb/238U ages of samples from three sites of the Banpo pluton corresponded to 213.4 ± 2.1 Ma (MSWD = 0.56), 213.0 ± 1.6 Ma (MSWD = 0.92), and 216.3 ± 2.3 Ma (MSWD = 2.0). All the samples are rich in light rare earth elements, exhibiting a seagull-type right-leaning partitioning curve, with obviously negative Eu anomalies. In addition, based on the regional geological data, it can be concluded that the Banpo pluton was formed during the transition period from a post-Orogenic environment to an anorogenic environment. The results indicated the final stage of the Triassic orogeny and the closure phase of the Paleo-Tethys. Also, it shows closure of the Paleo-Tethys-Mianxian-Lueyang Ocean by the Late Triassic period as well as the completion of the collision between the North China and Yangtze Blocks along the Qinling Orogenic Belt.
High Energy Density of Ball-Milled Fluorinated Carbon Nanofibers as Cathode in Primary Lithium Batteries
Authors: Colin Marie , Petit Elodie , Guérin Katia , Dubois Marc
Published: February 2024

Sub-fluorinated carbon nanofibers (F-CNFs) can be described as a non-fluorinated core surrounded by a fluorocarbon lattice. The core ensures the electron flux in the cathode during the electrochemical discharge in the primary lithium battery, which allows a high-power density to be reached. The ball-milling in an inert gas (Ar) of these F-CNFs adds a second level of conductive sp2 carbons, i.e., a dual sub-fluorination. The opening of the structure changes, from one initially similar multi-walled carbon nanotube to small lamellar nanoparticles after milling. The power densities are improved by the dual sub-fluorination, with values of 9693 W/kg (3192 W/kg for the starting material). Moreover, the over-potential of low depth of discharge, which is typical of covalent CFx, is suppressed thanks to the ball-milling. The energy density is still high during the ball-milling, i.e., 2011 and 2006 Wh/kg for raw and milled F-CNF, respectively.
Mediatization of Religion and Its Impact on Youth Identity Formation in Contemporary China
Authors: Wei Mengxue
Published: February 2024

In response to the trend of information technology development, religions in China are undergoing a process of mediatization. This study takes the popular Chinese animated films Ne Zha: Birth of the Demon Child (哪吒之魔童降世) (2019) and New Gods: Yang Jian (新神榜: 杨戬) (2022) as research cases of mediatization of religion and conducts a focused study of the respective protagonists Ne Zha (哪吒) and Yang Jian (杨戬), both prominent figures in Chinese religious and folk traditions. Through text analysis and empirical research on the two movies and their fans, this study examines how religion is being mediatized in contemporary China in the transformation to Religion 2.0 or a type of amalgamation of real- and virtual-world practices that enact a relationship with the divine, and how this shapes identity formation for fans, who are mostly young individuals in their teens and twenties. This research argues that to obtain permission for dissemination in mainstream media and thrive in the cultural context of China, religion chooses to assume the form of media products that can bypass scrutiny that forbids “supernatural phenomena” and aligns with the mainstream ideology. It has to be a “contributory religion” that contributes to the “revitalization” of national spirit and inherited Chinese culture, not a potential “superstitious” threat to the Marxist orthodoxy. In the context of official promotion of atheism and the regulation of public discourse, animated films with themes adapted from traditional mythological and religious stories, such as Ne Zha: Birth of the Demon Child and New Gods: Yang Jian, have become a major cultural form through which people in China engage with religious symbols and narratives. The enormous success of the two movies resulted in a large population of young fans. Influenced by these films, their fans have developed an egoistic religious perspective rather than assimilating the religious or cultural messages contained in the movies. These fans may experience solace and a call to faith to some extent in their consumption of the movies, but they selectively enhance religious literacy that only meets their personal needs. Interest in divine individuals far outweighs interest in or loyalty to the religious doctrine or sect itself. Pilgrimages are undertaken to fulfill personal fantasies, and the promotion of the divine is aimed at vying for influence within fan communities. The second part of this study examines the activities of the fans that I argue are characteristic of the age of Religion 2.0.
Paid-Leave Availability and Public Health and Nutrition Program Participation Following a Birth in the U.S.
Authors: Ybarra Marci , Stanczyk Alexandra B. , Bellisle Dylan J. F.
Published: February 2024

This study examines the relationships between state-provided paid-leave availability and enrollment in public health and nutrition programs (SNAP, Medicaid, WIC) among single low-income women following a birth in the U.S. We hypothesize that women in paid leave states will be less likely to participate in publicly available health and nutrition programs. Data are from the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP), a nationally representative panel survey data set (N = 1168). Descriptive tests of significance and probit regression models are used to examine the relationship between paid-leave availability and participation in SNAP, Medicaid, and WIC following a birth. A descriptive analysis suggests significantly lower enrollment in SNAP but not Medicaid or WIC for single low-income women in paid-leave states compared to those in non-paid-leave states. The finding of significantly lower post-birth SNAP participation in paid-leave states holds in probit models that include potentially relevant mother, household, and state controls.
La imperiosa tarea de retomar los movimientos sociales como praxis de liberación y Derechos Humanos en América Latina
Authors: Villarreal Salazar Jéssica
Published: February 2024

Este escrito tiene como propósito propiciar el pensamiento crítico en materia de Derechos Humanos desde un enfoque latinoamericanista, por lo cual toma como base el pensamiento crítico de la Escuela de Frankfurt para luego efectuar una exposición del pensamiento de autoras y autores de la región. Al tiempo que busca incentivar la discusión crítica más allá de los postulados teóricos, dado que ante nuevas formas de dominación se necesitan nuevas formas de liberación. Si la razón instrumental propició la barbarie durante la Gran Guerra en Europa, se perdió de vista lo que estaba ocurriendo (y todavía ocurre) en América Latina, por lo que con este escrito se pretende visibilizar la necesidad de retrotraer ese pensamiento e incentivar la praxis mediante la integración de movimientos sociales.
La metodología STEAM y su aporte en el aprendizaje matemático
Authors: Tomalá-Vera Viviana Vanessa
Published: February 2024

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo general analizar la metodología steam y su aporte en el aprendizaje matemático. Dentro de la metodología, se trabajó un enfoque cuantitativo con diseño descriptivo. Entre las técnicas destacaron la entrevista y la observación directa. La muestra estuvo conformada por 40 estudiantes de Ingeniería del nivel universitario. Como instrumentos se emplearon cuestionarios con preguntas semiabiertas y registros descriptivos. En los resultados se precisaron hallazgos importantes, tales como: acciones intrínsecas del ingeniero, STEAM como parte de las tecnologías de aprendizaje, integración disciplinar en el aprendizaje de la matemática, STEAM con una visión innovadora, STEAM como un enfoque interdisciplinario y constructivo e influencia STEAM en el rendimiento académico. Se pudo concluir entonces que su enfoque interdisciplinario demostró un impacto positivo en la comprensión y aplicación de conceptos matemáticos.
El desarrollo de la identidad cultural mediante la obra de Guayasamín, “La Capilla del Hombre”
Authors: Hernández-Infante Rafael Carlos , Infante-Miranda María Elena , Pupo-Pupo Yudith , Isea-Argüelles Josía Jeseff
Published: February 2024

El objetivo general de la investigación fue analizar el desarrollo de la identidad cultural mediante la obra de Guayasamín, “La Capilla del Hombre”. El método empleado en la investigación se basó en el enfoque cualitativo, apoyado en la recolección y análisis de una tipología documental-bibliográfica, lo cual permitió organizar un análisis del objeto de estudio. Se tomó en consideración un fenómeno que se manifiesta en la esfera subjetiva de la realidad. Se concluye que, la obra de Guayasamín es un reservorio de cultura e identidad. Constituye un medio de reconocimiento y de defensa del indígena ecuatoriano, discriminado a lo largo del tiempo. Trasmite el artista, a través de su pincel, la realidad que le tocó vivir y llama la atención sobre la necesidad de comprenderla, solidarizarse con ella y transformarla; su arte se presenta como una síntesis de diversos aspectos característicos del Ecuador.
La excursión docente y sus implicaciones educativas
Authors: Infante-Miranda María Elena , Hernández-Infante Rafael Carlos , Pupo-Pupo Yudith , Isea-Argüelles Josía Jeseff
Published: February 2024

El objetivo general de la investigación fue analizar la excursión docente y sus implicaciones educativas. La investigación se llevó a cabo desde una perspectiva cuantitativa mediante la recuperación, recopilación y análisis de referencias documentales y bibliográficas. En este sentido, los investigadores utilizaron un diseño bibliográfico de tipo documental para llevar a cabo un proceso de investigación en el que la población de estudio se basa principalmente en documentos escritos como trabajos arbitrados, normas y leyes, además de tener en cuenta el análisis del contenido de la información recopilada. Igualmente, se empleó el enfoque inductivo-deductivo. Se aplicó un cuestionario a 26 estudiantes de Primer nivel de la Carrera de Derecho, UNIANDES, Ibarra, Ecuador, en la Modalidad Híbrida, período académico mayo–septiembre de 2023. Se concluye que, la excursión docente, ya sea de manera presencial o virtual, constituye una estrategia educativa adecuada para el estudio de valores culturales representativos de la localidad.
Aproximación conceptual a la vinculación y el servicio universitario en la Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, México
Authors: Noriero-Escalante Lucio
Published: February 2024

El objetivo general de la investigación fue analizar la aproximación conceptual a la vinculación y el servicio universitario en la universidad autónoma Chapingo, México. El estudio se realizó desde la perspectiva cuantitativa, mediante la recuperación, recopilación y análisis crítico de referencias documentales y bibliográficas. En este sentido, desde un diseño bibliográfico de tipo documental. Se apoyó, además, en los métodos analítico–sintético e inductivo-deductivo. Se concluye que, las funciones sustantivas Vinculación, Extensión y Servicio, es necesario en materia de identidad institucional definirlas, en el marco de la razón de la UACh, el medio rural mexicano, así como en el contexto de sus transformaciones económicas, socioculturales y tecnológicas que ameritan una relación eficaz, que potencie el vínculo de la Universidad mediante estrategias de intervención a través de proyectos que potencien el desarrollo agrícola y rural.
Ungewissheit als 'Treiber' von Professionalisierungsprozessen? Interpretationen von Gruppendiskussionen mit Lehramtsstudierenden zu Beginn von Veranstaltungen forschenden Lernens
Authors: Hinzke Jan-Hendrik , Boldt Vanessa-Patricia , Damm Alexandra
Published: February 2024

Forschendes Lernen kann mittlerweile als etablierter Bestandteil universitärer Lehrer:innenbildung im deutschsprachigen Raum angesehen werden, insbesondere auch in den erziehungswissenschaftlich-schulpädagogischen Studienteilen. Mit diesem hochschuldidaktischen Ansatz sind eine Vielzahl an Professionalisierungserwartungen verbunden, darunter auch, eine forschende Haltung oder einen forschenden Habitus zu entwickeln, die es erlauben, professionell mit Ungewissheit im (künftigen) Berufsalltag umzugehen. Theoretisch betrachtet erscheint forschendes Lernen als Möglichkeit, um beim Forschen Ungewissheit zu erfahren und sich zugleich Ungewissheit in der Lehrer:innentätigkeit forschend zu nähern. Vor diesem Hintergrund präsentiert der Beitrag zwei empirische Ausprägungen von Unsicherheit bei Lehramtsstudierenden in Bezug auf Forschen und wie die Studierenden mit diesen Unsicherheiten umgehen. Sodann wird diskutiert, in welchem Verhältnis rekonstruierte Orientierungsrahmen zu den Formen von Unsicherheit stehen und inwiefern diese empirisch vorfindbaren Formen von Unsicherheit auf strukturelle Ungewissheit verweisen. (DIPF/Orig.)