bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Barriers to Effective Healthcare for Patients Who Have Smell or Taste Disorders
Authors: Ball Stephen , Boak Duncan , Dixon Joanne , Carrie Sean , Philpott Carl
Published: February 2021

Objectives: Smell/taste disturbances are a common but underrated,
under-researched and under treated sensory loss and an independent risk
factor for reduced longevity. This study aimed to characterise the
experience of patients these disorders in seeking help. Design: The
study was designed by patients together with clinicians through a
dedicated workshop and conducted as a cross-sectional survey to capture
experiences in public and private healthcare settings internationally.
Setting: Primary, secondary and tertiary care. Participants: Any members
of the public self-reporting a smell/taste disorder were invited to
participate. Main outcome measures: The survey captured information
including experience of getting consultations and referrals to medical
professionals, treatments offered, costs incurred and related problems
with mental health. Results: Of 673 participants; 510 female, 160 male,
self-reported aetiology included sinonasal disease (24%), idiopathic
(24%) and post-viral olfactory dysfunction (22%); true gustatory
disorders were typically rare. Failure of medical professionals to
recognise the problem was a key concern - 64%, 76% and 47% of GPs,
ENT specialists and Neurologists acknowledged respectively. Other issues
included repeated ineffective treatments, difficulties getting referrals
to secondary/tertiary care, mental health problems (60%) and a mean
personal cost of £421 to seeking advice and treatment. Whilst the
participants were self-selecting, however they do represent those who
are seeking help and intervention for their disorders. Conclusion: There
is an unmet need for these patients in accessing healthcare including a
clear need to improve education of and engagement with the medical
profession in Otorhinolaryngology, General Practice and other
specialties, in order to remove the current barriers they face.
Categorización cualitativa para diseñar marketing semiótico estratégico en consumo sustentable: storytelling y universitarios
Authors: Estupiñán Villanueva Andrea , Molina Carmona Edith
Published: February 2021

Los diversos esfuerzos por detener el daño ambiental en el mundo deben ir más allá de hacer conciencia y enfocarse a desarrollar contenido comunicativo que genere acciones y cambios conductuales de los individuos. En este trabajo la comunidad conformada por universitarios fue utilizada para identificar categorías de análisis cualitativas aplicables en el desarrollo de estrategias que impulsen acciones que favorezcan el consumo sustentable. El objetivo fue definir el tipo de estrategias que pudieran significar empatía y por ende, efectividad para el envío de mensajes que conlleven el actuar a favor del medio ambiente. Se recurrió a la fenomenología, al pragmatismo, al interaccionismo simbólico y al marketing semiótico utilizando como base metodológica entrevistas en profundidad realizadas a sujetos en etapa universitaria. Los diferentes códigos que emanaron para dar lugar a los contenidos efectivos en vías de acciones sustentables, fueron conciencia, conductas, interacciones sociales, impacto, persuasión, selectividad, satisfacción de necesidades y convivencia. Con base en ello se propuso desarrollar historias que narraran mensajes a través de diferentes piezas de storytelling como una opción viable ante el tipo de contenido comunicativo empático con la comunidad de consumo elegida, y la urgencia de respuesta que se requiere por parte de los individuos. Se concluyó que las técnicas de alto impacto logran persuadir al público receptor hacia tomar elecciones de acción a favor de satisfacer sus necesidades sin poner en riesgo la integridad de terceros ni futuras generaciones.
Efektivitas Roadmap Program Corporate Social Responsibility pada IPC II (Indonesia Port Corporation) tahun 2018 - 2020
Authors:   Universitas Lampung, Anggriyani Helvivi , Meutia Intan Fitri ,   Universitas Lampung, Yulianti Devi ,   Universitas Lampung
Published: February 2021

Corporate Social Responsibility is an obligation carried out by the company and regulated in article 74 paragraph (1) of Law No. 40 of 2007 on Limited Liability Companies. Social responsibility carried out by IPC is realized through the IPC Peduli program. The purpose of this research is to find out the effect of roadmap csr programs on IPC II.. The method used in this research is a type of descriptive study with a qualitative approach. Data collection is conducted using observation techniques, interviews and documentation. The results showed that there are three areas of programs that become the main focus of CSR in IPC, namely in the field of environment, education and health. The effectiveness of the roadmap CSR programs at IPC can be shown that the implementation is considered quite effective on several indicators such as target accuracy, goal achievement and real change indicators. Indicators whose implementation is not optimal are focused on understanding related to CSR programs. The peoples around the portof panjang has not fully understand every CSR programs in IPC due to the lack of socialization carried out by the IPC to the community, and the lack of timeliness in the implementation of activities in the environmental and health fields. In the implementation of CSR programs there are inhibitory factors and supporting factors from internal and external aspects.
Model Good Comunity dalam Program Bantuan Pangan Non Tunai (BPNT) di Desa Rejosari Kecamatan Natar Lampung Selatan Tahun 2019
Authors:   Universitas Lampung, Fatonah Azri Nurul , Utoyo Bambang ,   Universitas Lampung, Mulyana Nana ,   Universitas Lampung
Published: February 2021

The Group or community is one that exists in society order at this time group or comunity is always contribute for local society. The group comunity that exist at this time contribute for help local society in rejosari by providing some assistance. Therefore, with the presence of BPNT, the non cash food assistance can become good comunity in rejosari village. With the qualitative reasearch method this study will disscuss about detail commodity model in non cash food comunity assistance in rejosari village. The results showed that to be a good community group, each member of the community interacts based on personal relationships and group relationships. The community has the authority and ability to manage its interests responsibly. Having viability, namely the ability to solve problems on their own. Each member has the same opportunity to participate in the common interest, There is heterogeneity and differences of opinion. And the existence of conflict and managing conflict
Työterveyshuollon kirjaamiskäytännöt sairauden liittymisestä työhön ja vaikutuksesta työkykyyn
Authors: Nissinen Sari Päivikki , Soini Satu , Tarvainen Kimmo , Kangas Pauliina , Leino Timo
Published: February 2021

Työterveyshuollossa on pitkään suositeltu, että työntekijöiden sairauksien liittyminen työhön on aina selvitettävä ja tehtävä siitä kirjaus potilastietojärjestelmään seurannan helpottamiseksi. Kirjaukset tulee tehdä systemaattisesti sisältäen arvioinnit sairauden työhön liittyvyydestä ja vaikutuksesta työkykyyn.

Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää, kuinka työterveyslääkärit ja työterveyshoitajat kirjaavat potilastietojärjestelmiin arvioinnit sairauden työhön liittyvyydestä ja vaikutuksesta työkykyyn. Sähköinen kysely lähetettiin työterveyslääkäreille ja työterveyshoitajille vuonna 2017 ja siihen vastasi 295 henkilöä.

Tulokset osoittivat, että suurella osalla vastaajista sairauden työhön liittyvyys ja vaikutus työkykyyn arviointien kirjaaminen potilastietojärjestelmään oli pakotettu toiminto. Työterveyslääkäreille pakotettu toiminto näytti olevan yleisempää kuin työterveyshoitajille. Moni vastaajista ilmoitti kirjaavansa arvioinnin käyttäen potilastietojärjestelmässä olevan valmiin luokituksen oletusvalintaa, kuten ”ei arvioitu” -valintaa. Työterveyshuollon erikoislääkäreitä ja erikoistuvia yleisempää tämä oli työterveyshuollossa työskentelevien yleislääkäreiden keskuudessa.

Yhtenäinen tapa kirjata sairauden työhön liittyvyyttä ja vaikutusta työkykyyn edistää potilaan työkykyriskien tunnistamista. Kun tieto sairauden työhön liittyvyydestä ja työkyvystä tallennetaan yhteneväisesti potilaskertomukseen, hyödyttää tämä myös työterveyshuollon toteuttamaa ehkäisevää työtä ja työkyvyn tukemista. Tutkimustulosten perusteella voidaan todeta olevan kehitettävää sekä eri potilastietojärjestelmien kirjaamisrakenteissa että työterveyslääkäreiden ja työterveyshoitajien kirjaamistavoissa.
Penerapan Metode 5S Untuk Kenyamanan Operator di Laundry X
Authors: Hidayat Danu Ari , Sarvia Elty
Published: February 2021

Sebuah laundry dapat bertahan apabila dapat bersaing dengan laundry lainnya, salah satunya dengan cara memberikan pelayanan baik, agar konsumen merasa puas, namun kenyamanan kerja untuk karyawan perlu diperhatikan juga, agar suasana kerja aman dan nyaman, dimana rasa aman dan nyaman bekerja dilihat dari fasilitas fisik, kondisi lingkungan kerja, lingkungan fisik dan juga kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja laundry. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan memberikan usulan mengenai fasilitas fisik kondisi lingkungan kerja, lingkungan fisik, serta kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja laundry. Digunakan data antropometri sebagai acuan dalam analisis dan perbaikan fasilitas fisik laundry, kondisi lingkungan kerja dianalisis dan diperbaiki dengan mengacu pada 5S. Selanjutnya, kondisi lingkungan fisik dianalisis dan diperbaiki dengan mengacu pada studi lingkungan fisik, serta diagram fishbone dalam menganalisis kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja. Fasilitas fisik yang diusulkan memiliki dimensi yang sesuai dengan data antropometri, dimana dimensi meja setrika baru adalah 123 cm x 67 cm x 90 cm, dimensi meja packing baru adalah 65 cm x 44 cm x 81 cm, dan dimensi rak penyimpanan baru adalah 140 cm x 35 cm x 147 cm. Tata letak usulan merubah letak fasilitas fisik yang ada, sehingga tidak mengakibatkan backtrack. Berdasarkan data kecelakaan kerja, diusulkan tempat penyimpanan alat setrika pada meja setrika usulan dan pengadaan keranjang baru dengan handle.
Evaluation of Tree Species Composition for Sustainable Eco-Tourism Development of Maladumba Lake and Forest Reserve, Bauchi-Nigeria
Authors: Umar Ibrahim , Auwalu Lamido , Zakari Ali , Fatima Ibrahim , Kubura Yahaya Umar , Justina Talatu Dibilang
Published: February 2021

Ecotourism refers to travelling to relatively undisturbed or uncontaminated natural areas, such as protected areas, with the aim of studying, admiring, and enjoying the scenery and the faunal and floral composition along with its existing cultural aspects. This paper evaluated Tree species composition of Maladumba Lake and Forest Reserve, Bauchi-Nigeria for sustainable eco-tourism development. Wandering quarter method of vegetation analysis was employed for the study where five sampling sites were studied to determine species richness, percentage frequency, basal area, relative density, relative dominance, importance value indices, mean distance between trees, mean area of trees and number of individual stem per hectare of tree species encountered. Results obtained indicated total of eighteen different Tree species in the protected area with Mitragyna inermis (126732.9 cm), Adansonia digitata (31714.9 cm), Balanites aegyptiaca (29727.3 cm), and Piliostigma thonningii (28697.7 cm) as species with the highest basal area. While Funtumia elastica presented the highest frequency of occurrence (80%) followed by Acacia nilotica, Anogeissus leiocarpus, Balanites aegyptiaca and Cassia singueeana with 60% each. Relative densities of Mitragyna inermis (18.1%) stood as the highest, followed by Funtumia elastica (16.6%) and Balanites aegyptiaca (12.5%). Relative dominance suggested Mitragyna inermis (18.1%) with the highest value seconded by Adansoni digitata (12.4%) and Balanites aegyptiaca (11.7%). Mitragyna inermis (49.8) had the highest IVI followed by Balanites aegyptiaca (24.4) then Piliostigma thonningii (11.7). Very low values of mean distance between trees (6.9 m), mean area occupied by individual trees (47.6 m), and density of trees per hectare (210) suggested sparsely populated vegetation cover in the protected area. It was concluded that Maladumba Lake and Forest Reserve is under serious deforestation. As an Ecotourism attraction, serious reforestation program was recommended to salvage the situation before the whole protected lose its value.
Isolation of a Mycobacteriophage against Mycobacterium smegmatis
Authors: Pereira Raquel M. M. , Oliveira Hugo V. C. , Andrade Suanni L. , Kitajima Elliot W. , Procopio Rudi E. L.
Published: February 2021

The Mycobacterium genus has important pathogenic species, such as M. leprae and M. tuberculosis, with high incidence in the human population. The number of bacterial strains resistant to antibiotics is steadily increasing, and in particular no new antibiotics have been developed for Mycobacterium. Mycobacteriophages have been shown to be viable alternatives, mainly to counteract antibiotic-resistant bacteria. A new mycobacteriophage (Myms-1) was isolated from sewage in Manaus, Amazonas state, Brazil, with lytic activity against M. smegmatis. Morphological analysis of the Mysm-1 phage shows that it probably belongs to the genus Fromanvirus (family Siphoviridae). It has an icosahedral head with approximate diameter of 50 nm and a long non-contractile tail with approximate length of 200 nm. M. smegmatis is a fast-growing mycobacterium found in the environment that is normally non-pathogenic, so it is a promising bacterium for initial tests of this genus.
Surgical Approach to the Treatment of Advanced Periimplantitis: Case Report
Authors: Tavares Thaynara Patrícia , Cunha Fabiano Araújo , Esteves Lima Rafael Paschoal
Published: February 2021

Periimplantitis is a destructive inflammatory disease that affects peri-implant tissues after osseointegration. It is a prevalent condition and does not present an established and consensual therapeutic protocolyet. The objective of this study was to report a case of advanced periimplantitis treated with the implantoplasty technique. The patient presented the diagnosis of generalized periodontitis stage 3 and peri-implantitis in the implants installed in the region of teeth 24 and 25. After periodontal therapy, the implantoplasty procedure was performed, aiming to obtain a smooth and decontaminated surface and favor the insertion of periimplant tissues in the implant body after healing. Photodynamic therapy was also performed. The results showed improvement in the periimplant condition, characterized by significant reduction in the probing depth and bleeding.
Performance Assessment of Phase Change Materials Integrated with Building Envelope for Heating Application in Cold Locations
Authors: Al-Yasiri Qudama M. Q. , Szabó Márta
Published: February 2021

Phase change materials (PCMs) are increasingly investigated in the last years as successful in many thermal energy storage applications. In the building sector, PCMs are utilised to improve building efficiency by reducing cooling/heating loads and promoting renewable energy sources, such as solar energy. This paper shows the recent research works on integrating PCMs with building envelope for heating purposes. The main PCM categories and their main characteristics are presented, focusing on PCM types applied for building heating applications. The main methods adopted to incorporate PCMs with building elements and materials are mentioned, and the popular passive and active incorporation techniques are discussed. Lastly, the main contribution to building energy saving is discussed in terms of heating applications. The analysed studies indicated that all PCMs could improve the building energy saving in the cold climates by up to 44.16% regardless of their types and techniques. Several conclusions and recommendations are derived from the analysed studies that are believed to be a guideline for further research.
Assessment of Groundwater Mineralization Processes in Mbakaou Area (Adamawa Plateau – Cameroon), by Using Conventional Diagrams and Multivariate Statistical Analysis
Authors: Kopa Njueya Adoua , Tonang Zebaze Arnaud , Kengni Lucas , Temgoua Emile , Nkouathio David Guimolaire , Dannou Chezie Stéphanie
Published: February 2021

Management of groundwater require knowing their qualities and hydrogeochemical processes whereby these waters acquire their mineralization. The population of Mbakaou in Adamawa Plateau consumes groundwater from a doubtful quality water supply structures (wells, boreholes and catchments). This study was carried out to highlight groundwater quality and processes that govern water mineralization. So, to achieve this, 11 water samples were analyzed (1 rain water, 1 well, 3 springs and 6 boreholes). After analyzing the samples and comparing the obtained values to World Health Organization (WHO) standards, multivariate statistical analysis including Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were applied. Results show that these waters samples are fresh, generally of good quality compared to WHO standards and weakly mineralized (35 to 247.9 mg/l), due to the short residence time. Calcium and magnesium bicarbonate facies is the main water type. Nitrates are the most common pollutants and reveal high vulnerability of saprolite aquifer than fractured aquifer. The groundwater mineralization is influenced by precipitation, base ion exchange process, anthropogenic activities and water-rock interaction through silicate weathering. The PCA analysis yielded three factors that explained 89.33 % of the total variance. Factor 1 (62.60 %), factor 2 (15.54 %) and factor 3 (11.19 %) made respectively the difference between water samples influenced by precipitation or water rock interaction from those influenced by both water-rock interaction with precipitation or anthropogenic activities and those for water rock interaction with ion exchange process.
Divorce in the Side of a Marriage Counselling Values
Authors: Andrean Tonny , Ming David , Sahertian Novita Loma
Published: February 2021

At the annual conference of The American Psychiatric Association (APA) in Miami, there was a workshop entitled "Family Crisis". The results of a study said that in the last 30 years, 60% of families in the United States ended in divorce, and 70% of their children did not develop well, behave deviant or antisocial. For example seen juvenile delinquency, abuse of NAZA (Narcotics, Alcohol, and other Addictive Substances), promiscuity, deviant sexual behavior and so on. It was also stated that divorce rates are increasing, marriages are decreasing because many people choose to live together without marriage or single life and free sex. Disloyalty (abuse) among families in the US turned out not to be the monopoly of husbands alone, but 40% of the wives there were also involved in affair with third parties. Of the five marriages in the first five years, three divorces occurred. The author gives the purpose of writing to discuss the crisis in the household, rebuild the household and give Christian values ​​in counteracting divorce. The author uses descriptive literature research method data and provides research results: How a harmonious family can be established dynamically if we base our family building on the basis of strong Christian spirituality values ​​accompanied by a fabric of good communication between us and our children. Surprisingly few studies have explored the implications of divorce happened because family can not be established, especially in young adulthood. This study addresses several theoretical arguments linking divorce in the side of spiritual value with reduced religious involvement in young adulthood and tests relevant hypotheses using data from a unique sample. Results show that divorce in the side of spiritual value is associated with substantially lower communicate religious involvement among young adults in their families house.
DETERMINANT ANALYSIS OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX IN OF NORTH SUMATERA PROVINCE
Authors: Butar Butar Ribka Sari , Rahmanta Mrs
Published: February 2021

The results showed that the number of poor people and government expenditures from the aspect of health funds had a significant effect on the HDI. While open unemployment and government spending from the aspect of education fund did not significantly affect the Human Development Index. The success of the economic development of a region can be seen from the high economic growth, with the increase of economic growth is expected also can improve the welfare of society and increase human development with indicator of Human Development Index (HDI).
ZAKAT AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: STUDY IN THREE MUSLIM COUNTRIES IN SOUTHEAST ASIA
Authors: Kafabih An’im , Wahyudi Setyo Tri
Published: February 2021

The objective of this study is to analyze the effect of zakat on per capita income as one indicator of economic development. The data is analyzed by Cobb-Douglas production function and panel data analysis model. Study findings show that zakat significantly and positively affect on per capita income. This study also found that compared to Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), most popular instrument of government to increase economic development, zakat has a greater coefficient. In addition, Muslims as a majority population on average unable to contribute significantly to economic development. However, they could contribute to zakat as seen from increase in amount of zakat collection.
THE INFLUENCE ANALYSIS OF HUMAN RESOURCES, CAPITAL INCOME, DEVELOPMENT EXPENDITURE BUDGET AND REAL GRDP ON HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX IN MANDAILING NATAL REGENCY
Authors: Nasution Hamonangan , Nugrahadi Eko Wahyu
Published: February 2021

Quality of Human Resources in developing countries and poor countries is a very serious issue to be addressed . When the quality of human resources do not keep pace with the progress of time involved will lead to underdevelopment , poverty and unemployment which in turn trigger the overflow gap , inequality and adversity . This study aims to look at and determine how much influence Number of Qualified Persons , Budget Development, Real Gross Domestic Product and Shopping Structural Transformation of the Human Development Index in Mandailing Natal Regency . Used in measuring and analyzing time series data       ( time series ) in the form of quarters in the period 2003 : Q1 - 2012 : Q4 . Data analysis using OLS ( Ordinary Least Square ) which is multiple regression . The results showed RHQ variable positive and significant effect on the HDI Mandailing Natal district , ABP variablespositive and significant effect on the HDI Mandailing Natal Regency ,any one significant negative effect on the HDI in Mandailing Natal Regency is Shopping Structural Transformation , while variable GRDPCP positive and significant impact on HDI of Mandailing Natal Regency. in α = 5%. The result of the regression model of HDI policy is R-squered=0,8967 whereas the presence of the model is R-squered BTS= 0,8907 in Mandailing Natal Regency, after the classic test. This means that in thebase stations are very well organized affect HDI, whereas if done deviation will adversely affect the HDI.
ANALYSIS OF BASE AND COMPETITIVE COMMODITIES OF CROP SUBSECTOR AND ITS EFFECT ON GDRP GROWTH OF LANGKAT REGENCY
Authors: Khairina Khalish , Fitrawaty Mrs
Published: February 2021

Economic Growth is one of indicator which commonly used to observe economic development in a region. Conceptually, economic growth of a region is determined by sector values in producing goods and services. GDRP of Langkat regency is mostly dominated by agriculture, forestry and fisheries sector. Food security that Langkat Regency plan to be achieved really depends on food crops’ supply. However crops’ contribution is decreased every year. Therefore, it’s needed to examine which leading and highly competitive crops’ commodities. This study aimed to determine and analyze a base and competitive crops’ subsector and its effect on GDRP Langkat Regency. LQ was used to determine the base and non base commodities. While the analysis of RCA and MCI were used to see the commodities competitiveness. and to analyse its effect by using Ordinary Least Square. The type of data used was time series since 1996 to 2015 by using Eviews 7.0. Data was obtained from BPS Langkat Regency and Agriculture Department of Langkat Regency. The result of this study showed that paddy, corn, soybean and mungbean were base commodities of crops with average LQ > 1. This study also showed that paddy, corn, soybean and mungbean were highly competitive commodities with average RCA > 1. Average MCI each commodities is > 0,75 showed that commodities trade’s less spread (concentrated). Regression result showed that paddy  has positive effect on GDRP growth in supply side (prob RCA 0,0035 < 0,05). Corn also showed that has positive effect on GDRP growth in supply and demand side (prob RCA 0,0016 < 0,05 and MCI 0,0193 < 0,05). Soybean showed that has positive effect on GDRP growth in production supply (LQ 0,0032 < 0,05) and Mungbean also showed that has positive effect on GDRP growth in production supply (LQ 0,0001 < 0,05).
THE FACTORS AFFECTING LABOR DEMAND IN THE FOOD AND TOBACCO INDUSTRY IN NORTH SUMATERA PROVINCE
Authors: Wulandari Sari , Ayu Sari Fajar
Published: February 2021

Labor demand in North Sumatra during the period 1991 to 2012 showed a fluctuating condition, where in 2001 is decline. This research aims to analyze the influence of the investment sector, the number of industries, the regional minimum wage and inflation on labor demand sectors of the food industry, beverages and tobacco in North Sumatra Province simultaneously and partially. The data used are secondary data source from Statistics Indonesia of  North Sumatra Province namely variable investment industry, the number of industries, the minimum wage, inflation and labor amount of food beverages and tobacco industry in North Sumatra province in the time series from 1991 till 2012 Data analysis wasper formed using OLS (Ordinary Least Square) with multiple linear regression models estimated with the help of the program E-views 7. The results of this study simultaneously changes in industry investment variables, the number of industries, RMW, and inflation significantly influence demand labor sector food industry, beverages and tobacco in North Sumatra Province. While partially concluded that the investment variable number of industry sectors and industries and a significant positive effect, negative effect variables and minimum significant wage, while the inflation variable and no significant negative effect on the demand for labor in the industrial sector of food, beverages and tobacco in North Sumatra Province. The results of this study also showed that the most dominant variable effect on labor demand sectors of the food industry, beverages and tobacco in North Sumatra Province is the minimum wage.
Hudson Strait ice dam collapse: An explanation for the onset of the Younger Dryas cold climate in Europe in only one year
Authors: Johnson Robert Glenn
Published: February 2021

The Younger Dryas cold climate event in Europe began abruptly at about 12,679 years BP. The abruptness of the onset was caused by the rapid collapse of a dynamic ice dam that had existed because of ice stream flow across the east end of Hudson Strait in northern Canada. The resulting flood of icebergs into the southern half of the Northern Gyre adjacent to the Gulf Stream converted western Europe’s mild climate to an arctic climate. The collapse event was caused by the last large accumulation of glacial ice in the thick ice dome of Hudson Bay. The accumulation created a pressure gradient that forced an ice stream flow eastward in Hudson Strait. A highly saline sub-glacial lake had formed earlier in the western part of the strait. The ice stream flow entrained saline lake water in a network of channels at the seabed between the lake and the ice dam, melting and extending the network eventually to and beneath the ice dam. This detached much of the ice dam from its frozen bed and caused its catastrophic collapse and the onset of the Younger Dryas in only one year.
New insights into the strong formulation finite
element method for solving elastostatic and
elastodynamic problems
Authors: Fantuzzi Nicholas
Published: February 2021

This present paper has a complete and homogeneous
presentation of plane stress and plane strain problems
using the Strong Formulation Finite Element Method
(SFEM). In particular, a greater emphasis is given to the
numerical implementation of the governing and boundary
conditions of the partial differential system of equations.
The paper’s focus is on numerical stability and accuracy
related to elastostatic and elastodynamic problems.
In the engineering literature, results are mainly reported
for isotropic and homogeneous structures. In this paper, a
composite structure is investigated. The SFEM solution is
compared to the ones obtained using commercial finite element
codes. Generally, the SFEM observes fast accuracy
and all the results are in very good agreement with the
ones presented in literature.
Innowacyjność polskiego przemysłu na tle przemysłu światowego
Authors: Gajda Waldemar
Published: February 2021

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest próba oceny innowacyjności polskiego przemysłu na tle przemysłu światowego. Jako metodę badawczą wykorzystano metodę analizy. W artykule przedstawiono dorobek myśli ekonomicznej odnoszący się do innowacji, od koncepcji prezentowanych przez A. Smitha po najnowszą teorię opartą na metodologii Oslo. Przy wykorzystaniu metod statystycznych oraz wskaźników pośrednich, opartych na intensywności badawczo-rozwojowej, a także wskaźników bezpośrednich bazujących na rezultatach innowacji produktowych, procesowych, organizacyjnych i marketingowych, określono poziom innowacyjności polskiej gospodarki. Następnie dokonano analizy aktywności innowacyjnej, nakładów na działalność innowacyjną oraz przychodów ze sprzedaży produktów nowych lub istotnie ulepszonych, wprowadzonych na rynek przez małe, średnie i duże polskie przedsiębiorstwa. Uzyskane wyniki poddano ocenie i porównano je z gospodarką światową. Na bazie dokonanych w artykule analiz i ocen w podsumowaniu określono determinanty działalności innowacyjnej polskiego przemysłu, wskazując źródła, główne bariery oraz rekomendacje.
Wybrane aspekty przemian strukturalnych i innowacyjności przemysłu Śląska - ujęcie przestrzenne
Authors: Brezdeń Paweł
Published: February 2021

Zmiany strukturalne i innowacyjność produkcji przynoszą wzrost wydajności pracy i mają pozytywny wpływ na wzrost gospodarczy krajów i ich poszczególnych regionów. Celem opracowania jest ukazanie wybranych zagadnień dotyczących przemian w strukturze i poziomie innowacyjności tradycyjnie wysoko uprzemysłowionego regionu Śląska (trzech województw: dolnośląskiego, opolskiego i śląskiego) oraz dokonanie oceny stopnia zmian przestrzennych przemysłu w skali całego analizowanego obszaru w okresie 2005–2012. Zakres przyjętych do obserwacji zagadnień uzależniony był od dostępności danych na poziome lokalnym. W artykule zaprezentowano analizy dotyczące przemian w strukturze przestrzennej Śląska: pracujących w przemyśle, wartości produkcji sprzedanej przemysłu, wartości dodanej brutto. Badanie działań innowacyjnych w województwach i powiatach regionu Śląska zostało przeprowadzone na podstawie czterech wskaźników. Charakteryzują one: aktywność innowacyjną, nakłady na nią, jej efektywność w postaci przychodów z produkcji wyrobów nowych lub istotnie ulepszonych oraz stopień wyposażenia w środki automatyzacji produkcji. Wymienione parametry były podstawą do skonstruowania syntetycznych wskaźników przemian strukturalnych i innowacyjności, które ilustrują konkurencyjność intraregionalną powiatów Śląska. Analizy dotyczące przemian strukturalnych i innowacyjności przemysłu Śląska zaprezentowano w odniesieniu do sytuacji ogólnokrajowej, umożliwiającej określenie pozycji regionu na tle kraju.
Centra handlowe jako miejsca usług turystycznych w zakresie… spędzania wolnego czasu przez mieszkańców Kielc
Authors: Wójtowicz Bożena Elżbieta
Published: February 2021

Centra handlowe pojawiły się w przestrzeni miejskiej Polaków jako miejsce zakupów. Jednak współczesne społeczeństwo nieco inaczej widzi rolę zakupów w centrach handlowych. Z czynności obowiązkowych zakupy przemieniły się w przyjemność oraz formę zagospodarowywania i spędzania wolnego czasu. Wizyty w centrach handlowych stały się generatorem przemieszczeń ludności oraz zachowań związanych z czasem wolnym wielu konsumentów. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie na podstawie badań diagnostycznych roli, jaką we współczesnym świecie ogrywają zakupy dla mieszkańców średnich miast, oraz wskazanie, na ile centra handlowe stanowią dla nich formę usług turystycznych, np. spędzania wolnego czasu. Przedstawiono model zachowań konsumenckich, który stanowi przejaw nowego stylu życia wykreowanego przez młode pokolenie w galeriach handlowych.
Kulturowe bariery rozwoju innowacyjności polskiej gospodarki
Authors: Nowak Paweł
Published: February 2021

Celem niniejszego opracowania jest identyfikacja przeszkód kulturowych hamujących rozwój innowacyjności polskiej gospodarki oraz wskazanie działań publicznych osłabiających ich negatywny wpływ. W artykule przedstawiono ocenę zdolności do współpracy polskiego społeczeństwa, niezbędnej do tworzenia i upowszechniania innowacji. Ocenę zdolności do kooperacji przeprowadzono na podstawie wyników badań społecznych zawartych w Europejskim sondażu społecznym i Diagnozie społecznej. Wśród barier podstawowe znaczenie mają: niezdolność do współpracy, niski poziom zaufania i negatywne nastawienie społeczne do biznesu. Rozwój przedsiębiorczości można traktować jako warunek wstępny rozwoju innowacyjności. Mimo licznych deklaracji i realizacji pewnych pozytywnych działań przez rząd obecny model rozwoju prowadzi polską gospodarkę i społeczeństwo w przeciwnym kierunku. Model ten polega na ograniczaniu wolnego rynku, zwiększaniu udziału państwa w gospodarce i zdejmowaniu odpowiedzialności z jednostki. Buduje i utrwala się w ten sposób postawy roszczeniowe, a tym samym pozbawia społeczeństwo zdolności do konkurowania w globalnej gospodarce. Państwa jest coraz więcej tam, gdzie jego obecność wydaje się dyskusyjna. Natomiast tam, gdzie nie ma go kto zastąpić, państwo niejako abdykowało (wymiar sprawiedliwości, służba zdrowia).W tych warunkach bardzo pożądane stają się działania publiczne polegające na rozwijaniu umiejętności współpracy, zaufania i kapitału społecznego.
Przemysł offshore w Polsce – próba definicji, stan i możliwości rozwoju
Authors: Czapliński Paweł
Published: February 2021

Celem artykułu jest analiza krytyczna funkcjonującego w polskich realiach pojęcia „przemysł offshore” oraz próba uporządkowania wiedzy dotyczącej stanu i możliwości jego rozwoju z geograficznego punktu widzenia. Obecnie pod pojęciem „offshore” kryją się działania o bardzo zróżnicowanym zakresie merytorycznym, organizacyjnym i czasowym oraz o często nieskoordynowanym, fragmentarycznym i doraźnym charakterze, z którego wynika wiele konsekwencji natury organizacyjnej, technologicznej, zarządczej, a ostatecznie także przestrzennej.
PENGEMBANGAN PEMBELAJARAN BIOLOGI BERORIENTASI MODEL PEMAKNAAN UNTUK MENGAJARKAN KEMAMPUAN AKADEMIK DAN SENSITIVITAS MORAL
Authors: Habibi Habibi
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam dua tahap yakni tahap pertama, mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran Biologi SMA berorientasi Model Pembelajaran Pemaknaan. Metodenya mengacu pada model pengembangan define, design, and develop. Tahap kedua, mengujicobakan perangkat pembelajaran yang telah dikembangkan pada siswa SMA Negeri 3 Pamekasan. Bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan aktivitas siswa, respon siswa, hasil belajar siswa berupa kemampuan kognitif dasar, kemampuan berpikir, keterampilan ilmiah dan sensitivitas moral siswa. Rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan one group pretest-posttest design. Hasil Penelitian ini dianalisis dengan statistik deskriptif  kuantitatif dan diperoleh beberapa temuan yakni: respon siswa setelah pembelajaran adalah positif dengan prosentase positif 94%. Persentase skor siswa dalam tes kemampuan kognitif dasar adalah 90%. Perolehan skor kemampuan berpikir siswa rata-rata sebesar 2,9, berdasarkan rubrik kemampuan berpikir termasuk pada katagori berpikir kritis. Skor keterampilan ilmiah berkatagori baik sebesar 3,64. Dalam tes sensitivitas moral secara keseluruhan siswa mendapatkan skor rata-rata 3,8 dengan katagori sensitif. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat dideskripsikan secara umum bahwa perangkat pembelajaran yang telah dikembangkan dapat mengajarkan kemampuan kognitif dasar, kemampuan berpikir, keterampilan ilmiah, dan sensitivitas moral.
Study of Î²-Catenin as Immunohistochemistry Marker in Women with Breast Cancer
Authors: Salman Ruqayah Ali , AlBairuty Genan Adnan Abdullatef , Abdul-Rasheed Omar F.
Published: February 2021

Background & Objective: Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent disease among women around the world, considered the world's leading cause of death (15% of the total cancer deaths) in women in 2018. Î²-catenin is a multifunctional protein located in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of the cell. Several studies suggested that Î²-catenin expression plays a critical role in cancer invasion and metastasis. This research sought to examine Î²-catenin expression in breast cancer and its associations with clinico-pathological features (such as histopathological types, grade, and invasion depth of tumor as well as lymph node involvement) and breast cancer patient survival. Methods: The study was performed in the period from 1 January to July 2019 on 40 female breast cancer patients. The control group involved 40 healthy females with no history of cancer. Tissue blocks from histologically confirmed patient and control subjects were fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin . Î²-catenin was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results: The immunohistochemical study of the subcellular localization of Î²-catenin demonstrated that 75% of the patients showed 1-3 score for Î²- catenin compared to only 27.5% of controls who had such score, with a highly significant difference. Conclusions: The use of Î²-catenin IHC markers can be effective throughout the treatment of progressive BC.
Antibacterial Susceptibility of Clinical Isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae in Nigeria to Carbapenems
Authors: Oladipo Elijah Kolawole , Awoyelu Elukunbi Hilda , Adeosun Idowu Jesulayomi , Ayandele Abiodun A
Published: February 2021

The emergent bacterial resistance to antibiotics, most especially Carbapenems, has become a common phenomenon. The aim of the recent study was the observation and evaluation of the antibacterial susceptibility of Klebsiella pneumoniae in clinical specimens to different Carbapenems. One hundred isolates of K. pneumoniae isolated from different clinical sites, such as leg, caesarean section (CS), head, buttock, breast, thigh, and arm were tested. Using disc diffusion method, the isolates were tested for susceptibility to different antibiotics including Tobramycin, Ciprofloxacin, Aztreonam, Colistin sulphate, Ceftriaxone, Cefepime, Cefoxitin, Ceftazidime, Ertapenem, Meropenem, and Imipenem. The results were interpreted according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute disk diffusion standard. All K. pneumoniae isolates were highly susceptible to all classes of Carbapenems: Imipenem (99%), Meropenem (96%) and Ertapenem (91%). However, they were highly resistant to Ciprofloxacin (97%), Ceftriaxone (91%) and Tobramycin (73%).  Despite the recent emergence of multi-drug resistant bacteria to Carbapenems, this study showed that Carbapenems could still be used in treating different infections caused by multi-drug resistant K. pneumoniae.
Developing an E-book with Past Tenses Materials for the Students of English Education Study Program in the Indonesian Context
Authors: Almunawaroh Nurul Fitriyah , Trilestari Kuntum , Riani Ayu
Published: February 2021

An e-book is one type of instructional materials that play important roles to ensure learning interactivity by integrating technology to its context. However, studies on the integration of an e-book in English language teaching mostly focus on its implementation process, not its developing process which in fact may influence the validity quality of an e-book. Thus, this study aims to use expert’s review to develop an e-book with past tenses materials for students of English study program. Development research design proposed by Akker was used to develop the e-book. Expert’s reviews on the past tenses materials and the e-book media design were used to determine the validity of the e-book. The results showed that the e-book with past tenses materials was valid which indicated that it can be employed in teaching and learning simple past tense and past continuous to the students of English education study program.
The Effect of Google Classroom in Blended Learning on University Students’ English Ability
Authors: Warman Liya Astarilla Dede
Published: February 2021

This research aimed to investigate Google Classroom's effect on blended learning on university students’ English ability. This research utilized a quasi-experimental design which included experimental and control group design.  The study participants comprised 68 students in the first semester at STMIK-AMIK Riau in Pekanbaru-Riau, Indonesia. This research instrument was an achievement test in multiple-choice questions administered to the participants in pre-test and post-test.  The quantitative data were collected by using pre-test and post-test to gauge the students’ English ability before and after conducting the treatments in both groups. The finding revealed that statistically, there was a significant difference in the mean score between the experimental and control group in the post-test. The experimental group that learned English through Google Classroom in blended learning achieved a significantly higher score than control group that learned English through the conventional method.  It was proved that the t-test was higher than the t-table value (5.270>2.042) at the level of significance 0.05 and p=0.000. This study concluded that blended learning through Google Classroom had contributed to the improvement of students’ English ability.
Efficient Clifford+T approximation of single-qubit operators
Authors: Selinger Peter
Published: February 2021

We give an efficient randomized algorithm for approximating an arbitrary element of $\SU(2)$ by a product of Clifford+$T$ operators, up to any given error threshold $\epsilon>0$. Under a mild hypothesis on the distribution of primes, the algorithm's expected runtime is polynomial in $\log(1/\epsilon)$. If the operator to be approximated is a $z$-rotation, the resulting gate sequence has $T$-count $K+4\log_2(1/\epsilon)$, where $K$ is approximately equal to $10$. We also prove a worst-case lower bound of $K+4\log_2(1/\epsilon)$, where $K=-9$, so that our algorithm is within an additive constant of optimal for certain $z$-rotations. For an arbitrary member of $\SU(2)$, we achieve approximations with $T$-count $K+12\log_2(1/\epsilon)$. By contrast, the Solovay-Kitaev algorithm achieves $T$-count $O(\log^c(1/\epsilon))$, where $c$ is approximately $3.97$.
A limit theorem for a 3-period time-dependent quantum walk
Authors: Grunbaum F. Alberto , Machida Takuya
Published: February 2021

We consider a discrete-time 2-state quantum walk on the line. The state of the quantum walker evolves according to a rule which is determined by a coin-flip operator and a position-shift operator. In this paper we take a 3-periodic time evolution as the rule. For such a quantum walk, we get a limit distribution which expresses the asymptotic behavior of the walker after a long time. The limit distribution is different from that of a time-independent quantum walk or a 2-period time-dependent quantum walk. We give some analytical results and then consider a number of variants of our model and indicate the result of simulations for these ones.
Group theoretic, Lie algebraic and Jordan algebraic formulations of the SIC existence problem
Authors: Appleby D. M. , Fuchs Christopher A. , Zhu Huangjun
Published: February 2021

Although symmetric informationally complete positive operator valued measures (SIC POVMs, or SICs for short) have been constructed in every dimension up to 67, a general existence proof remains elusive. The purpose of this paper is to show that the SIC existence problem is equivalent to three other, on the face of it quite different problems. Although it is still not clear whether these reformulations of the problem will make it more tractable, we believe that the fact that SICs have these connections to other areas of mathematics is of some intrinsic interest. Specifically, we reformulate the SIC problem in terms of (1) Lie groups, (2) Lie algebras and (3) Jordan algebras (the second result being a greatly strengthened version of one previously obtained by Appleby, Flammia and Fuchs). The connection between these three reformulations is non-trivial: It is not easy to demonstrate their equivalence directly, without appealing to their common equivalence to SIC existence. In the course of our analysis we obtain a number of other results which may be of some independent interest.
Polyestimate: a library for near-instantaneous surface code analysis
Authors: Fowler Austin G.
Published: February 2021

The surface code is highly practical, enabling arbitrarily reliable quantum computation given a 2-D nearest-neighbor coupled array of qubits with gate error rates below approximately 1\%. We describe an open source library, Polyestimate, enabling a user with no knowledge of the surface code to specify realistic physical quantum gate error models and obtain logical error rate estimates. Functions allowing the user to specify simple depolarizing error rates for each gate have also been included. Every effort has been made to make this library user-friendly. Polyestimate provides data essentially instantaneously that previously required hundreds to thousands of hours of simulation, statements which we discuss and make precise. This advance has been made possible through careful analysis of the error structure of the surface code and extensive pre-simulation.
Minimum weight perfect matching of fault-tolerant topological quantum error correction in average O(1) parallel time
Authors: Fowler Austin G.
Published: February 2021

Consider a 2-D square array of qubits of extent $L\times L$. We provide a proof that the minimum weight perfect matching problem associated with running a particular class of topological quantum error correction codes on this array can be exactly solved with a 2-D square array of classical computing devices, each of which is nominally associated with a fixed number $N$ of qubits, in constant average time per round of error detection independent of $L$ provided physical error rates are below fixed nonzero values, and other physically reasonable assumptions. This proof is applicable to the fully fault-tolerant case only, not the case of perfect stabilizer measurements.
Quantum lower bound for inverting a permutation with advice
Authors: Nayebi Aran , Aaronson Scott , Belovs Aleksandrs , Trevisan Luca
Published: February 2021

Given a random permutation $f: [N] \to [N]$ as a black box and $y \in [N]$, we want to output $x = f^{-1}(y)$. Supplementary to our input, we are given classical advice in the form of a pre-computed data structure; this advice can depend on the permutation but \emph{not} on the input $y$. Classically, there is a data structure of size $\tilde{O}(S)$ and an algorithm that with the help of the data structure, given $f(x)$, can invert $f$ in time $\tilde{O}(T)$, for every choice of parameters $S$, $T$, such that $S\cdot T \ge N$. We prove a quantum lower bound of $T^2\cdot S = \tilde{\Omega}(\eps N)$ for quantum algorithms that invert a random permutation $f$ on an $\eps$ fraction of inputs, where $T$ is the number of queries to $f$ and $S$ is the amount of advice. This answers an open question of De et al. We also give a $\Omega(\sqrt{N/m})$ quantum lower bound for the simpler but related Yao's box problem, which is the problem of recovering a bit $x_j$, given the ability to query an $N$-bit string $x$ at any index except the $j$-th, and also given $m$ bits of classical advice that depend on $x$ but not on $j$.