bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Habitat based Pteridophyte diversity from Rajiv Gandhi National Park, Karnataka, India
Authors: Manikandan R. , Lakshminarasimhan P.
Published: February 2022

The Rajiv Gandhi National Park, Karnataka was thoroughly investigated to assess the diversity of Pteridophytes. In total 9 habitats were identified and the distribution of 29 species of Pteridophytes belonging to 21 genera under 17 families was recorded in these habitats. This paper provides habitat specificity of these Pteridophyte species spread over the three ranges of the park viz., Kalhalla, Nagarahole and Anechowk.
Four Mosses New to the Bryoflora of the Western Ghats and Collected after the type
Authors: Felix R. , Daniels A.E.D.
Published: February 2022

The mosses Dicranella macrospora, Entodon subplicatus, Fissidens ranuii and Leiodontium surculare are recorded for the Western Ghats from the Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuary in Kerala. Specimens of all species have been collected after the type. A detailed description and illustration are provided for each species.
Interaction of lower level westerly waves with Intertropical Convergence Zone over central Africa during summer season
Authors: KUMAR SURENDRA
Published: February 2022

The movement of the lower level westerly waves over southern Africa and its inuuence on Intertropical Convergence Zone over central Africa has been examined. The daily fluctuations in the intensity and northward displacement of ITCZ have been found to be associated with the passage of the lower level frontal systems. The southern edge of ITCZ becomes weak when two westerly waves move across South Africa in quick succession. This results in a spell of very little rainfall over Zambia.
Swell observations on Soviet research ships during Monsoon Experiment (MONEX) 1977 - Part I : The equatorial region
Authors: MUKHERJEE A. K. , SIVARAMAKRISHNAN T. R. , SATYANARAYANA P.
Published: February 2022

Observations of swell waves taken on board Soviet Research Ships, which worked during Monsoon Experiment of 1977 have been analysed. The first period is the end of May and the begining of June when the Ships moved in formation along Equator. Swells over equator during the onset of monsoon has been studied from these data. The second period when the ships again went to Equator and remained stationary were towards the end of July. Swells, during this period therefore represent those over equator when monsoon is in full swing. It is found that equator, is an area of low swells. Heights are less during monsoon than at the onset period.
Long term variations in equatorial strato-and mesospheric temperatures
Authors: NAIDU J. V. M. , MURTHY B. N. , CHANDRASEKHAR RAMA , RAMANA K. V. V.
Published: February 2022

M-100 Rocketsonde temperature data of Thumba in the 30 to 80 km height range for the period 1971-74 are analysed for studying the long term variations at 5 km altitude intervals. It is observed that the amplitude of the semi-annual oscillation dominates over that of the annual oscillation in the stratosphere and close to mesopause. However, the amplitude of the annual oscillation shows a quasi-peak around 70 Km altitude. The phase of the semi-annual oscillation is observed to propagate downward from mesopause while the phase of the annual component propagates on to either side from the stratopause. From a vertical time-section prepared after filtering out periods greater than 3 months wave disturbances of a few weeks period with vertical scale sizes greater than 20 Km sides are observed. A power spectral analysis shows a dominant period well, above the noise level at 52.5 days above the stratopause. Secondary peaks of lesser significance are observed with periods between 17.5 and 30.0 days.
The dynamic effects of barometric forcing on storm-surges in the Bay of Bengal
Authors: ALI ANWAR
Published: February 2022

The numerical model developed by Johns and Ali (1980a) has been used to study the dynamc contribution of atmospheric pressure anomaly on storm surges in the Bay of Bengal. The contribution due to this factor has also been compared with that due to wind-stress alone. It is found that dynamic effects of barometric forcing can to a reasonable approximation be represented by a statical corrections.
Agroclimatological assessment of intensity of proneness to and areal spread of crop droughts
Authors: VENKATARAMAN S. , KHAMBETE N. N.
Published: February 2022

The comparative nature of and drawbacks to be avoided in assessment of crop droughts are pointed out. The methodology of Venkataraman (1979) for assessing the extent of crop transpiration deficits from monthly rainfall data, is detailed. Criteria derived from these deficits for assessment of (i) crop-drought intensity, (ii) degree of proneness to drdughts and (iii) areal spread of droughts in a year are presented. The practical relevance and application of the study are mentioned.
Radar observation of thunderstorms from a cyclonic disturbance
Authors: ASTHANA H. J.
Published: February 2022

The details of radar echoes at reduced gain settings of severe convective storms have been studied with the help of 3 cm Selenia radar. Instances of the appearance of protuberance like 'Finger’ and 'Hook' shape echoes associated with squall line types of severe thunderstorms have been discussed and reported. The study showed that it is not necessary that hail or tornado should always occur with severe thunderstorms when these special echo features are seen.
A study of sea surface temperature and pressure patterns over the Indian Ocean regions in some years of contrasting SW monsoon rainfall in India
Authors: SINGH RANJIT
Published: February 2022

A study is made of the sea surface temperature and pressure patterns for different months over Indian Ocean (north of 15 deg. S and between 40 deg. E and 100 deg. E) with the help of marine annual summary data published for the years 1961, 1964 and 1965, 1966.

The zone of warmest sea surface waters during the months of April and May was observed to be located northward in the years 1961 and, 1964, the years of good monsoon over India as compared to 1965 and 1966, the years of bad monsoon over India. The values of SST were also higher for most of the oceanic areas in the years 1961 and 1964 as compared to 1965 and 1966.

Well defined pressure patterns with isobars 1008 and 1009 mb encircling and pressure gradient directed towards Indian Peninsula were observed during the months of April in 1961 and 1964 but in 1965 these features in the pressure pattern were absent.

A general fall of SST values ranging from 1 deg. to 3 deg. C was observed during the monsoon months in most of the oceanic areas. Besides, a study has been made of the seasonal variation of SST and pressure and some probable explanation has been offered for the appearance of coldest waters along north Somali coast to east Arabia coast during monsoon season (June to September).
Systematic review and meta-analysis of the action of gut microbiota and nutrology in celiac disease: state of the art
Authors: Longhini Giovana Sales , Santos Layra Rayanne de Oliveira Ferraz , Bonini Luca Campassi , Verdi Luiza Braile , Lourenço Marcela Vayego , Munhoz Thiago Salomão , Favaretto Vítor Afonso , Zotarelli-Filho Idiberto José , Vidanapathirana Janaki , Vidanapathirana Manudi , Ribas Filho Durval
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Celiac disease (CD) is one of the most common disorders related to diet, with a global prevalence of about 1%. The aggravations caused by CD promote an imbalance in the gut microbiota (GM). However, it is not yet known specifically how the gut microbiota plays a role in the pathogeny of this disease, and whether microbiota dysbiosis would be the cause or consequence of CD. Objective: The present study aimed to correlate the main results of the action of the gut microbiota and functional nutrition for the treatment of celiac disease. Methods: This study followed the rules of PRISMA. The research was carried out from June 2021 to 2022 and developed at Scopus, PubMed/Medline, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Ovid. The quality of the evidence was classified according to the GRADE. The Cochrane instrument was adopted to assess the risk of bias of included studies. For data analysis, Minitab 18® statistical program was used. A common descriptive statistical analysis was performed. The One-Way test (ANOVA) was applied, adopting the α level lower than 0.05 with a statistically significant difference for the 95% CI. Results: The present study found thirteen (13) important clinical studies, of which 12 were Randomized Controlled Studies (RCTs) and one (1) Cross-Sectional Observational study of the total of 113 studies evaluated, showing a high quality of scientific evidence in the studies addressed, with a level of scientific evidence AI. Also, the analyzed studies showed high homogeneity in the results (high association=>50%) to studies with larger sample sizes (greater precision), presenting 98.65%. The present study showed that certain diets/probiotics can promote the improvement of GM as well as DC, especially in patients on a gluten-free diet (GFD). Therefore, patients who follow a GFD may be prone to nutritional deficiencies. Conclusion: According to the results, although some studies have a small sample size, the main randomized clinical studies showed that the modulation of nutrients/probiotics and the gut microbiota improve the inflammatory process of celiac disease, especially in patients with a gluten-free diet.
A Cross Sectional Study to Estimate Occupational Stress among Higher Secondary School Teachers in Thalassery, Kerala
Authors: Raj Krishna , Neelopant Sushrit A , Wadhwa Manisha , Dabas Pratibha
Published: February 2022

Background: Changing norms have overburdened the educators. Our study aims to assess the levels of occupational stress among higher secondary school teachers and demographic, academic characteristics and relevant factors influencing it.

Methodology: Cross sectional study was conducted in Thalassery block of Kannur district, Kerala. The block comprised of 38 schools with 516 teachers. Overall, 484 teachers participated in the study. Modified ‘Manual for teacher’s occupational stress scale’ questionnaire was used. Results were analyzed using Chi square test, ‘t’ test and one way ANOVA.

Results: Males were 155 (32%) and females were 329 (68%). The mean age was 40.6 years. Four-fifth (81%) were from government and one-fifth (19%) were from private schools. Majority, 268 (55%), of teachers were found to have mild occupational stress. While, 171 (35%) had moderate stress and 45 (9%) had severe occupational stress. Stress was linked to vast syllabus, time constraint, outside interference, students’ behavior, poor infrastructure and favoritism from authorities. Increased teaching experience and rising position in school were significantly associated with stress.

Conclusion: All higher secondary school teachers in Thalaserry block of Kannur, Kerala felt occupational stress. Majority (55%) had mild stress, 35% had endured moderate and 9% suffered severe stress.
Assess and Evaluation the Quality Of Life (Qol) Among Cancer Patients Undergoing Treatment by Using EORTC QLQ-30 Scale
Authors: Agarwal Anil Kumar , Yadav Abhishek , Yadav Chanderpal Singh , Mahore Ramniwas , Dixit Prashant
Published: February 2022

Background: Cancer is a challenge for majority of population’s health-related quality of life (HRQoL), compromising their physical health and emotional well-being. QoL is equally distributed among different social groups. The aim of this study to analyze the impact of clinical characteristics and social determinants of health on the QoL of a cohort of persons diagnosed and/or treated for cancer.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study in a cohort of 155 with various stages of cancer at different stages of their disease. Data were obtained using questionnaires QLQ-C30 from the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), which include a set of functional and symptomatic scales. We conducted descriptive and bivariate analysis using the Chi-Square test, Anova Test and adjusted for relevant variables using logistic regression. The dependent variables were the functional scales of QoL and the independent variables were socio-demographic and clinical variables.

Results: Among the participants, 80(51.6%) were male and 75(48.4%) were female and majority 66(42.6%) in between the age of 40-60 years. Large proportion of patients were diagnosed with Oral cancer 67(43.2%), and Breast cancer 23(14.8%), and the clinical stages during the beginning of therapy were maximum at stage II a 104(67.1%). The mean of global health status/QoL was 52.34 (SD= 23.34). Quality of life was found to be significantly associated with some functional scales as role functioning (P≤0.001), social function, (P=0.00), and symptom scales as pain (P=0.00), loss of appetite (P=0.004) and financial impact (P=0.02) as well as associations were noted in relation to socio demographic characteristics. Women from the most disadvantaged class, and showed the poorest results for most of the function scales. In contrast, age, education, occupation and social status had differential effects depending on the function studied. The highest functional status was cognitive functioning (54.58±27.68).

Conclusions: The cancer diagnosis has become more prevalent and carries significant changes to the method of living with physical and emotional changes in term of quality of life (QoL) because of inconvenience, torment, disfigurement, reliance and loss of confidence. In addition, addressing the unmet needs of these patients and ensuring higher satisfaction rate are recommended to maintain adequate HRQoL.
Prevalence of Violence against Health Care Personnel in a Tertiary Care Centre, Hubballi, India
Authors: HR Sushma , Nekar Manjunath S , Bant Dattatreya D
Published: February 2022

Background: The sudden outburst of events in different parts of country like Dhule, Dharwad, Chennai and Jaipur led to the need of conducting a survey about violence against health care personnel. Health care personnel are at high risk of being victims of verbal and physical violence, its effect on them and their views on causes for sudden increase in such events.

Methodology: A semi-structured questionnaire regarding their experience with violence against health care personnel was prepared. Data was collected for two months –May and June 2017. Sample size of 200 was calculated which included doctors, nursing staff and group D workers from KIMS Hubballi and analysed using SPSS version 21.

Results: 99.5% were aware of increasing violent events.76% of them have experienced violence of which, Verbal abuse- 92.10% being the highest form, emotional abuse -17.76% and physical violence 6.58%. The common place of violence was the emergency department -62.09% during daily working hours. 92.10% have reported that patient attenders caused violence.

Conclusion: Verbal and emotional abuse against health care workers has significantly amplified which is deteriorating physician patient relationship. Violence against health care personnel is a serious issue that needs to be dealt with more safety measures at the hospital.
Participatory Collaboration in the Chinese Publishing Industry: Building Hierarchies to Express Value in a Virtual Collaborative Space
Authors: Cao Ruoxing , Zhang Yufeng
Published: February 2022

With the development of Internet technologies and the massive popularity of COVID-19, employee engagement in collaboration through digital technologies is increasing rapidly, by focusing on the basic practices of virtual collaborative work in the publishing industry, this essay (1) identifies new problems faced by traditional hierarchies in virtual collaboration from the perspective of participatory collaboration and critically assesses these problems. (2) attempts to propose a methodological solution that supports the stimulation of more participant creativity to facilitate collaborative creative activity in book products. The focus is on how to build more efficient work hierarchies in virtual spaces, making them a replicable means of gaining the ability to apply them in real work and organizations.
Research on the Improvement of Scallop Breeding Industry in Shandong Province based on the Stackelberg Model
Authors: Xu Xiaochun
Published: February 2022

Shandong is an important producing area of scallop in China, but its development has gradually entered the bottleneck period in recent years. According to the characteristics of scallop breeding industry, the Stackelberg expansion model is formed. After the model discussion, it is concluded that cost and knowledge spillover effect are two important factors affecting the income of scallop breeding industry. To a certain extent, industrial agglomeration is conducive to the reduction of costs and the production of knowledge spillover effects. It is necessary to improve the current situation of scallop bottle neck in Shandong Province with the help of cluster effects and promote the establishment of fishery professional cooperatives, guiding the healthy development of scallop breeding industry.
An Empirical Analysis of the Impact of Exchange Rates on Stock Prices
Authors: Wei Wenqi
Published: February 2022

With the deepening of economic openness, the domestic capital market is increasingly linked to the foreign exchange market, and changes in the exchange rate of a country's currency are often accompanied by significant fluctuations in the level of stock prices. This paper selects the panel data of the stock prices of different listed companies and the exchange rate of RMB to SDR from the first quarter of 2017 to the fourth quarter of 2020 to conduct regression analysis and robustness test. The results show that there is a significant negative relationship between exchange rate (under the direct markup method) and stock prices. Compared with stocks with lower stock prices and B shares, stocks with higher stock prices and A shares are more affected by exchange rate changes. Therefore, China should be cautious in the process of promoting capital account opening and deregulation of exchange rate, strengthen the management of fluctuations in the foreign exchange and stock markets to prevent stock market bubbles, and promote the reform of the B-share market to improve the efficiency of corporate financing and make China's financial market more complete.
New Retail: A Conversion of Business Mode from Online-To-Offline (O2O) to the Online-Merge-Offline (OMO)
Authors: Yang Xinyu
Published: February 2022

This research analyzes the reasons for the emergence of the conversion from Online-to-Offline to Online-to-Offline. A comparative model and case study, focusing on the successful outcome of Kellogg’s café and Pure Leaf, on the one hand, shows the advantages of the new offline experience store, while on the other hand, the feedback from CiCi Park visitors reminds the uncertainty of this merging strategy.
Application Research of BIM Technology in Project Cost Management in the Era of Big Data
Authors: Chen Bing , Wang Pengyue , Bi Lijinyu
Published: February 2022

In the era of big data, BIM technology has been widely applied in project cost management. The feasibility of applying BIM technology in project cost management in the era of big data is studied. Using BIM technology to manage project cost and apply it to every specific stage can effectively improve the efficiency of project cost management and promote the healthy and benign development of project cost management.
The Development Opportunities and Difficulties of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor in the Construction of the Belt and Road
Authors: Bian Haozheng , Wang Xiangyue , Xu Zihan , Zhang Xinge
Published: February 2022

This paper mainly studied the structural transformation of Pakistan’s power sector and the internal and external political problems encountered in its development, as well as the solutions. This study found that Pakistan changed from oil to coal to generate electricity, which can resolve its internal power shortage problem in  short term. However, the best way later in the cooperation is to develop green energy to match the green economy, such as wind power. The construction of the economic corridor can expand the import and export of goods and personnel exchanges between China and Pakistan, and promote the transit trade with Pakistan. Besides, it would effectively increase China’s energy import routes-bypassing the traditional chokepoints of the Malacca Strait and the disputed South China Sea, bringing Middle Eastern oil directly to its southwestern hinterland and reducing dependence on the China-Myanmar oil and gas pipelines under construction. From a broader perspective, the completion of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) will closely unite countries in South Asia, Central Asia, North Africa and the Gulf through economic and energy cooperation, forming economic resonance and strengthening Pakistan’s strategic position as a bridge connecting Eurasia and Africa.
The Analysis of Estee Lauder Group's Dominant Position Factors
Authors: Sun Qianhui , Tang Jinghan , Zhang Zheshu
Published: February 2022

This paper analyzes the factors that contribute to Estee Lauder's dominant position in the daily chemical industry. In this paper, we investigate the company’s strategies, accountings, risk estimates and future prospects. In the strategy analysis, the 4P analysis method is adopted to analyze its advantages from the aspects of the price, place, promotion and product and the company’s strategies under the COVID-19 pandemic. In accounting part, we have analyzed merging and acquisition, liquidity and efficiency of this company. We compare the debt-equity ratio, current ratio, quick ratio and turnover ratio to another company, Unilever, to analyze the advantages in accountings for Estee Lauder group. In the discussion part, this paper analyzes the risks faced by Estee Lauder group based on the real case, and makes an analysis of the future development prospects. This paper finds that Estee Lauder can remain invincible in the competition mainly due to its accurate market segmentation and effective financing strategies such as merger and acquisition of other companies. Through the analysis of Estee Lauder's competitive advantage, this paper provides some ideas for other small enterprises in decision-making and marketing.
Using Index model and Markowitz Model to analyze the Results of Retail Industries Before and After the Covid-19 Virus Outbroke
Authors: Chen Changjie
Published: February 2022

Since covid-19 outbroke in January 1st ,2020, many disasters happened in these two years, for example medical resources are in short supply for every patient. All those disasters caused chaos in all over the world, so caused investors lost confidence in financial market. The prices of stocks were dropped so rapidly, almost all markets influenced by covid-19 virus. This paper will focus on retail industries which have close connection with consumers lives, anyone cannot live without them. People still have faith in retail industries, but still these industries had impact from covid-19. To compare the changes of retail industries before covid-19 virus with after covid-19 virus, I used Index model and Markowitz Model computed their results, stand deviation and Maximum Sharpe ratio. From the results, it is no hard to tell risk of retail industries were small, their standard deviations all between 0% to 15% no matter before or after covid-19 virus, which can help investors strengthen confidence and did not lost money. In conclusion, if retail industries can complete transformation, they only be impacted by a short time and become great portfolio for investors.
An Introduction to MRI
Authors: Wolbarst Anthony , Yanasak Nathan
Published: February 2022

This introduction to the science and technology of MRI has been written at the beginning graduate level primarily for professional medical physicists and engineers in training. Others, such as physicians with physical science backgrounds, may well also find it to be of interest.

From Devon Godfrey in
Medical Physics International…

"The authors manage to successfully take the reader on a journey from the discovery and fundamentals of NMR all the way to novel k-space sampling and advanced MR imaging sequences—and their underlying molecular physics—in a manner that is quite thorough, yet should be approachable even to a reader with limited prior MRI knowledge. I believe this will be an excellent source for graduate students and professionals alike, and intend to incorporate it into my own teaching."

From Andrew Maidment in Medical Physics…"As with all of Wolbarst’s books, the figures are of high quality, and I am sure they will find their way into many PowerPoint presentations in the future."

This book will help readers understand not just the basics of MRI, but how recent variations on its original implementation have produced the many alternative interpretations of data that have made MRI such a powerful diagnostic tool.

Several more advanced topics—like Fourier analysis, k-space, and statistical distributions—are introduced as they are needed.
The Physics & Technology of Radiation Therapy
Authors: McDermott Patrick N. , Orton Colin G.
Published: February 2022

It's no wonder more and more colleges are adopting
The Physics & Technology of Radiation Therapyfor their radiology and medical physics programs. Radiation therapy is a difficult subject to understand and teach, so it helps to have a book written by two renowned experts who have explained the field's tough concepts to students for many years with the perfect mix of depth, insight, and humor. The critics agree. From Thomas Lowinger in
IOMP Journal..." This is an excellent book; the presentation of the book diagrams, figures, pictures (many in color), and selection of problems are clear and logical and make this book a classic. It is evident that the authors have taught this subject for a long time and were able to distill and explain concepts in a clear and interesting way. The authors have written a spellbinding textbook that belongs on the bookshelf of every medical physicist, both as a reference and as guide. …it surely belongs in the pantheon of great medical physics textbooks. I wish I had this book when I was a student." From Joseph P. Driewer in
JACMP..." The 2nd edition of
The Physics & Technology of Radiation Therapyby McDermott and Orton is an accessible textbook for radiation therapists, medical dosimetrists, and radiation oncology residents. It could be a great primary text for a first course in radiation therapy physics as well as a great study resource for board exams in these areas." The 2nd edition has been guided by the 2018 ASTRO core curriculum for radiation oncology residents. Novice physicists will find the book useful when studying for board exams, with helpful chapter summaries, appendices, and extra end-of-chapter problems and questions. It features new material on digital x-ray imaging, neutron survey meters, flattening-filter free and x-band linacs, biological dose indices, electronic brachytherapy, OSLD, Cerenkov radiation, FMEA, total body irradiation, proton therapy, and more. Also included: Updated graphics in full color for increased understanding. Appendices on board certifications in radiation therapy for ABR, AART, and Medical Dosimetrist Certification Board. Dosimetry Data A full index
Effectiveness Of Polyethylene on Hypothermic Events in Low Birth Weight
Authors: Haryoso Haryoso
Published: February 2022

Background: Treatment of low-birth-weight babies so far has mostly used incubators and swaddled babies using cloth whenever possible using the kangaroo method. While the kangoro method can be done if the mother and baby are both stable. Another way that can be done is to use a polyethylene blanket. The purpose of this study was to determine the use of polyethylene on the incidence of hypothermia in LBW.

Methods: This type of research is a quasi-experimental design with Pre-Posttest Only Control Design, a sample of 60 LBW infants was taken by means of Systematic Random Sampling. Data collection techniques using the method of observation. Statistical analysis using the General Linear Model with a significant level of : 0.05

Results: The results obtained in this study are based on the overall analysis obtained p-value 0.000 <0.05, it can be interpreted that giving blankets polyethylene to respondents is effective in increasing the temperature of infants and reducing the incidence of hypothermia. Furthermore, the results of research based on Partial Eta analysis can be seen that blankets made of polyethylene increase the body temperature of low-birth-weight babies by 91.1%, while the increase in the kangaroo method group with Partial Eta 0.861 by 86.1%.

Conclusion: This means that the use of blankets made from polyethylene increases the temperature higher than the kangaroo method.
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI PEMASARAN KOPI MELALUI DIGITALPRENEUR STUDI KASUS PADA CV. PUTRI CAHAYA CEMERLANG (KOPI ONCAK)
Authors: Angellia Filda , Riyantie Mayang
Published: February 2022

Area DKI Jakarta adalah area yang mempunyai potensi bisnis yang cukup besar untuk berkembang karena area tersebut merupakan area padat penduduk dan padat akan kegiatan bisnis serta perekonomian lainnya. Pertambahan jumlah penduduk juga terus meningkat sehingga kebutuhan akan bahan atau barang tertentu juga cenderung ikut meningkat. Seiring dengan era industrial 4.0 yang mengusung tema IoT (Internet of Things), maka sangat diperlukan penentuan strategi komunikasi yang sesuai.  Pemasaran berbasis digital merupakan salah satu strategi yang cukup vital dan sangat dominan untuk meningkatkan jumlah pangsa pasar (konsumen).Begitupun dengan usaha penjualan kopi, dimana kopi sudah menjadi ketuhan sehari-hari yang harus terpenuhi. Kopi telah dianggap memiliki pangsa pasar besar dalam industri. Sehingga untuk proses produksi dan penjualannya butuh strategi untuk ditingkatkan atau minimal bertahan di pasaran.  Penelitian ini tergolong penelitian kualitatif. Data yang diperlukan diperoleh dengan studi lapangan, dokumentasi survey lapangan, dan hasil wawancara. Hasil observasi dan survey lapangan memperlihatkan data bahwa usaha penjualan bahan kebutuhan sehari-hari seperti kopi menggunakan strategi pemasaran berbasis digital (digital marketing) yang terus dilakukan bersamaan dengan strategi pemasaran lain.
ANALISIS SWOT TERHADAP PT. CHANDRA SAKTI UTAMA LEASING DALAM MENGHADAPI PERSAINGAN BISNIS PEMBIAYAAN ALAT BERAT
Authors: Cahya Waskita
Published: February 2022

Perkembangan suatu usaha baik itu usaha yang berskala kecil, menengah maupun besar dalam upaya bertahan maupun pengembangan usaha dibutuhkan sumber dana  yang  besar. Oleh karena itu kemampuan finansial sangat dibutuhkan. Salah satu alternatif sumber dana yang dapat diperoleh oleh suatu perusahaan adalah dengan menggunakan jasa perusahaan pembiayaan dengan keunggulan proses yang cepat,syarat yang mudah  dan ketentuan yang fleksibel membuat perusahaan dapat memenuhi kebutuhan usaha.

Analisis dilakukan terhadap PT. Chandra Sakti Utama Leasing, salah satu perusahaan pembiayaan alat berat di Indonesia. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis SWOT sehingga dapat menghasilkan nilai IFAS (Internal  Factor  Analysis  Summary) dan EFAS (External Factor Analysis Summary) untuk menentukan posisi perusahaan tersebut dalam kuadran Matrik SWOT, serta strategi-strategi alternatif yang dapat digunakan perushaaan sebagai informasi dan bahan  pertimbangan  yang  dapat menunjang dalam menghadapi perkembangan dan kemajuan industri pembiayaan pada masa akan datang.
PENGELOLAAN ARSIP DIGITAL SURAT MASUK DAN KELUAR MENGGUNAKAN TEKNIK DOCUMENT SCANNING, OPTICAL CHARACTER RECOGNITION, DAN DATA INDEXING
Authors: Firmansyah Boy
Published: February 2022

Pengelolaan arsip (berkas) surat masuk dan surat keluar selama ini rata-rata dilakukan secara konvesional berupa hardcopy atau lembaran kertas yang menyusahkan dalam hal pencarian surat jika sewaktu –waktu diperlukan. Surat masuk dalam beberapa tahun yang lalu akan lebih susah ditemukan jika tempat penyimpanannya berupa hardcopy baik karena makin menumpuknya arsip ataupun karena arsip surat yang tersimpan sudah rusak. Kerumitan dan kesulitan ini dapat diselesaikan dengan memanfatkan kemajuan dibidang teknologi informasi yaitu komputerisasi untuk menangani arsip surat masuk dan keluar. Pengelolaan dengan pemanfaatan teknologi komputer tersebut bukan lagi berupa hardcopy (cetakan) atau lembaran kertas melainkan sudah berupa file (berkas) hasil pemindaian secara digital surat yang asli (sumber). Arsip hasil pemindaian akan direkam dengan kode tertentu agar memudahkan pada saat pencarian sehingga arsip (berkas) yang telah masuk pada beberapa tahun yang lalu tidak dalam keadaan rusak serta mudah dicari
Trends in Multilateral Peace Operations, 2019
Authors: Smit Timo , Sacks Ferrari Sofia , van der Lijn Jaïr
Published: February 2022

Despite evidence of their positive impacts, United Nations peacekeeping operations continue to face budget cuts, cynicism in the political arena and concern over personnel physical safety. This context underpins the global and regional trends in multilateral peace operations in 2019. This SIPRI Fact Sheet gives a snapshot of multilateral peace operations in 2019, with statistics on personnel, country contributions and fatalities for operations conducted by the UN, regional organizations or alliances, and ad hoc coalitions of states. Global and regional trends in 2019 follow developments from recent years, including the downward trends associated with the reductions and closures of many UN peace operations since 2015. Sub-Saharan Africa continues to host the majority of operations and personnel, although these numbers have decreased, while the Middle East and North Africa is drawing attention for increasing numbers of operations and personnel. Hostile death rates for 2019 are largely attributed to the UN Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali, the deadliest operation since its establishment in 2013, with all other operations demonstrating relatively low numbers of fatalities.
Trends in International Arms Transfers, 2020
Authors: Wezeman Pieter , Kuimova Alexandra , Wezeman Siemon
Published: February 2022

The volume of international transfers of major arms in 2016–20 was 0.5 per cent lower than in 2011–15 and 12 per cent higher than in 2006–10. The five largest arms exporters in 2016–20 were the United States, Russia, France, Germany and China. The five largest arms importers were Saudi Arabia, India, Egypt, Australia and China. Between 2011–15 and 2016–20 there were increases in arms transfers to the Middle East and to Europe, while there were decreases in the transfers to Africa, the Americas, and Asia and Oceania. From 15 March 2021 SIPRI’s open-access Arms Transfers Database includes updated data on transfers of major arms for 1950–2020, which replaces all previous data on arms transfers published by SIPRI. Based on the new data, this Fact Sheet presents global trends in arms exports and arms imports, and highlights selected issues related to transfers of major arms.
Trends in International Arms Transfers, 2014
Authors: Wezeman Pieter D. , Wezeman Siemon T.
Published: February 2022

The SIPRI Arms Transfers Database now contains information on all international transfers of major conventional weapons from 1950 to the end of 2014. It is the only publicly available resource providing consistent data on international arms transfers for this length of time. This Fact Sheet describes the trends in international arms transfers that are revealed by the new data. It lists the main suppliers and recipients for the period 2010-14 and describes the changes in regional trends.
Effect of Mg Content on Synthesis of TiC Powder from Leucoxene by Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis Method
Authors: Chanadee Tawat , Niyomwas Sutham , Patcharasit Kritsada , Singsarothai Saowanee
Published: February 2022

Titanium carbide (TiC) composite powder was synthesized via the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) method using leucoxene as a source of titanium oxide (TiO2) and magnesium (Mg) as an initiator. The effect of Mg content on synthesized TiC composite powder was characterized in terms of chemical composition and morphology by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. Results showed that adding 1.5 moles Mg into the reactant system leached with 0.1 M hydrochloric acid solution was the optimal condition, and TiC was apparent in the XRD analysis at a particle size of less than 150 μm.
Cutaneous Mucormycosis
Authors: Karyadi Erlinda , Agnes Leoni
Published: February 2022

Cutaneous mucormycosis is an emerging fungal infection caused by opportunistic fungi from phylum Glomeromycota. This disease is frequently found in poorly controlled diabetic patients and immunosuppressed individuals. It is usually acquired by direct inoculation through trauma.
The clinical presentation is nonspecific indurated plaque rapidly evolves to necrosis. Diagnosis should be confirmed by demonstration of the etiological agent and molecular tests. First-line therapy is amphotericin B combined with surgery; second line treatment include posaconazole
and isavuconazole.
Strategi Kreatif Iklan Kartu Kredit (Studi Kasus Iklan Kartu Kredit Bank BNI, Bank Mandiri, dan Bank BCA)
Authors: Riskavirwan Darfi , Budiwaspada Agung Eko
Published: February 2022

Credit card becomes one of the popular banking transaction media. One of the facts is that nowadays credit cards are used in most product and service businesses. Another fact is that credit cards can accommodate their user's lifestyle and shopping habit. In fact, in Indonesia the credit card advertisements have been so abundant that they give an impression of the aggressiveness of the companies producing them and the an impression that it is easy to get the advertised credit cards. Each established bank like BNI, BCA, and Mandiri has its own way of advertising its credit card. It was found that the three banks used each own creative strategy to market or advertise its own credit card and its other credit card-like products.The purpose of this research to see the similarities among the three banks' credit cards and among their other credit card-like products, both of which were the subjects of this study. The methodology used in this study is juxtaposition one. In addition, the approach employed was semiotics. The latter was used to analyze the message construction in each visual advertisement, particularly in its message meaning and visual sign. Since both the semiotics and creative strategy approach are not adequate to analyze the message construction, the interdisciplinary approach was used. Therefore, advertising, message, and persuasive psychology theory were employed in this study. The advertising theory was used to analyze the anatomy, type, and display of advertisement. As for the message theory, it was used to analyze both the message delivery techniques and the message styles that were used in the advertisements. As to the persuasive psychology, it was used to analyze the method each credit card advertisement employed in persuading its target audience.The analyses shows that the credit cards of the three banks shared some similarities and differences as far as the creative strategy is concerned. One of the similarities is that they tend to use emotional strategy in their advertisements although each bank, in fact, use different emotional strategy approach. BNI bank tends to use psychological approach in its creative strategy; Mandiri Bank tends to use psychological and sociological approach equally; and BCA bank tends to use sociological approach thoroughly in its creative strategy.
Representasi Perempuan pada Desain Kemasan "Kiranti"
Authors: Agustin Senja Aprela , Saidi Acep Iwan , Wiratmo Triyadi Guntur
Published: February 2022

Gender representation is often used as an attribute of a product differentiation in the current packaging design. One of the woman representation could be found on the packaging design of âKirantiâ, a herbal ready to drink which is better known as a traditional medicine by earlier Javanese culture. Kiranti as a text is combined by verbal and visual elements that are meaningful to the readers. How the representation of women and constructions as well as decoding by its consumer are the main questions of this research. Using of discourse analysis method, Kirantiâs text can be traced not only from the visualization, but also of ideas or opinions behind them, such as socio-cultural situation in which Kiranti disseminated. In addition, consideration of readers position as consumers are very important in interpreting the text of Kiranti, because implified particular knowledge in society. Decoding by readers are diverse, ranging from the interpretation of the same message as producerâs intention, differences in interpretation, until modify its message. Visual and verbal elements that appear are the result of the selected signs combination by the producer of meaning, that seeks to utilize conventions that can be accepted easily by society. The combination of the signs are also affected by the construction of discourses, such as codes of Javanese culture, the concept of beauty and menstruating women, as well as the inherent characteristics of femininity (gender), that represented by visual elements, both graphic imagery (photography and illustration), typography, color, and form of the bottle form.
Komunikasi: Nyata, Maya dan Hubungannya dengan Pendidikan
Authors: Tabrani Primadi
Published: February 2022

Human communication is the topic of this article. It begins with Direct-Contact Communication in prehistory and during childhood. Than follows Distance-Communication that begins with talking, than writing and reading follows. Since the beginning there are always criticism every time a new communication media emerge. This criticism accelerate with the habit of indulging reading literature in the train, chatting by amateur radio and end up in BB's cyberspace and its facebook. Besides its positive effect, we are intoxicated by this IT communication. So we loose many productive hours of working time. The IT (Information Technology) becomes frightening with its "clever" CDs in general education and so is the training of skills and competency with the help of IT simulators. Are we educating real human or virtual humans? Is this excess of IT happening a common happening, a risk of being modern? Or are there somekind of education missing? How to overcome it?
Identitas dan Karakter Budaya Lokal pada Kemasan Makanan Oleh-Oleh
Authors: Nurviana Nina , Sunarto Priyanto , Syarief Achmad
Published: February 2022

"Oleh-oleh"has become an important thing to buy. "Oleh-oleh" package with prominent characteristic of the local culture can be found in a small number of "oleh-oleh" shops or stalls. This characteristic might be hard to find in other areas. Nowadays, the number of such packaging is still limited. With its various cultures, Indonesia should have become a great source of inspiration to develop packaging design"oleh-oleh". This background triggered the idea that "oleh-oleh" packaging design has great potential to be developed. Such "oleh-oleh" packaging can be considered to have a unique position for several reasons. In addition to its design, its existence in the area of tourism activities and cultural environment has been continually living side by side with the identity where it is marketed. "Oleh-oleh" packaging will be deeply assessed by using a combination method of qualitative and quantitative approaches. Qualitative approach is used to identify the physical and graphic of it. The theory underlining this study is a packaging design theory and theories related to the form of culture. To identify the character of the packaging, theory associated with uniqueness, exotics and emotions are employed. Making use of questionnaire, consumer perceptions of the design are collated. To identify the average opinion of the respondents, a quantitative approach with Semantic Differential assessment method is adopted. The study of the food "oleh-oleh" packaging which can be useful source in design planning, shows that: (1) form, materials and how to package are the aspects influencing the construction of the package; (2) cultural context viewed at the packaging is cultural context seen as exotics, nostalgic experience, visual experience, (3) recognition from consumers is needed to show evidence of physical experience to the place visited and the desire to collect (4) aspects of culture on the packaging can be considered as an opportunity to increase sales; (5) the efforts of food manufacturers in decorating the package is considered quite successful in highlighting the uniqueness and the attractiveness of the appearance.
Perancangan Game "Galah Asin" untuk Memperkenalkan Budaya Tradisional Jawa Barat
Authors: Wiana Rama Dwissa , Mutiaz Intan Rizky , Mansoor Alvanov Zpalanzani
Published: February 2022

Galah Asin is a cultural product that is gradually displaced along with the changing time. This is due to the discontinuation of cultural inheritance that made the previous generation. Traditional childrenâs games as a product of cultural tradition are not registered, nor socialized to the succeeding generation. The advancement of various electronic media also distract the public, especially children, who tend to leave traditional games that are not considered practical, because they often require a game field. PC gaming is one of the popular media among urban community that can be used as a medium for introducing traditional games in a digital form. Designing game of Galah Asin for children 6-12 years on the PC platform aims to reintroduce Galah Asin as West Java traditional game through more interesting and fun media. Interesting and fun because by playing, players are not only obtaining verbal information, but also, but game is also capable of displaying simulation that is roughly equal to the original game, although not replace the experience of playing the original game. The methodology of design / research conducted was descriptive qualitative, research with problem solving orientation. The methods adopted including data searching, data processing, designing games (pre-production), game development (production), testing the game (post-production), and then draw conclusions from the findings. From this research, Galah Asin game application is produced which ready for socialization or can be developed further. We came to the conclusion that the existence of digital games can be used as a more interesting and fun medium of publication of information about traditional games. Thus, information about the traditional culture would be preserved, even in the demands of sustainable era.
The incidence of perioperative anemia and iron deficiency in patients undergoing gyne-oncology surgery
Authors: Jadunandan Saudia , Tano Ruby , Vicus Danielle , Callum Jeannie , Lin Yulia
Published: February 2022

Preoperative anemia is progressively being recognized as a risk factor for poor perioperative outcomes including increased length of hospital stay and increased blood transfusions. The growth in prevalence of preoperative anemia in patients undergoing gynecological oncology procedures warrants greater attention to early identification for optimal surgical outcomes. This was a quantitative retrospective observational study consisting of 284 patients undergoing gynecological oncology procedures. The study sought to determine the frequency of anemia, iron deficiency and the effect of anemia on the number of blood transfusions from January 1 to December 31, 2014. Patients with anemia had significantly higher transfusion rates (44% versus 11%, p < 0.0001), considerably higher number of units transfused per patient (mean 1.19 units versus 0.28 units, p < 0.0001) and longer length of stays post-operatively (mean 5.9 days versus 4.6 days, p=0.0008). It was concluded that early identification and treatment of anemia is a key opportunity to optimized surgical outcomes.