bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study to assess the Effectiveness of Information Booklet on Knowledge regarding First aid and Safety Measure among Early Adolescent age
(10 – 14 years) Children in selected schools at Udaipur
Authors: Soni Navin , Soni Jayesh
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Basic first aid knowledge helps children to deal with emergency situations. Everyone needs to teach children about being mentally prepared for emergencies. Children should be taught about different first aid measures, both at home and at school, which helps emphasize the importance of child safety. This enables them overcome difficult situations like injuries, burns and outdoor emergencies. First aid is all about using common sense in the hour of need. Objectives of the study: To evaluate the effectiveness of self Instructional module by comparing the pretest and post test knowledge of school children. Method and Material: quantitative pre experimental one group pre test post test research design was used. by using Simple random sampling technique. This study was also done on 120 samples; data was collected by semi structured questionnaire to assess the knowledge regarding First aid and safety measure among Early Adolescent age (10-14 year). Results: The pre test means score was 10.58, standard deviation was 1.71 and the mean % was 52.9. The post test means score was 14.94, standard deviation was 1.39 and the mean % was 74.7. The difference in mean% was 21.8. The calculated ‘t’ value of 22.31 which showed high statistical significance at p<0.001 level. There was no significant association of post test level of knowledge with any of the demographic variables. Regarding First aid and safety measure. Conclusion: The present study assessed the knowledge of school children regarding first aid and safety measures, the school children had inadequate knowledge regarding first aid safety measures. After reading Self Instructional Module, there was a significant improvement in school children knowledge regarding first aid and safety measures.
A Study to assess the Prevalence of Menopausal Symptoms and Effectiveness of Structured Teaching programme on Knowledge and Attitude regarding Menopausal symptoms and its management among women at selected wards of Kadapra Grama Panchayat in Pathanamthitta District
Authors: Ashok Asha , Paul Anu
Published: June 2021

A quantitative study was to assess the prevalance of menopausal symptoms and effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge and attitude of menopausal symptoms among women at selected wards of Kadapra Grama Panchayat, Pathanamthitta district. The objectives of the study was to assess the prevalance of menopausal symptoms, to assess the pretest level knowledge and attitude regarding menopausal symptoms and its management, to find out the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge and attitude regarding menopausal symptoms and its management and association of pretest level of knowledge with selected demographic variables. Non-probability purposive sampling was used to select 100 Sample. The conceptual framework developed based on Rosenstock’s modified health belief model. Modified menopausal symptoms checklist is used to assess prevalance of menopausal symptoms. A structured knowledge questionnaire and attitude scale is used to assess the knowledge and attitude of sample regarding menopausal symptoms and its management. The collected data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The post-test was done 7 days after pretest using same tool. The result revealed that paired t test value of knowledge was 29.34 and that of attitude was 32.50. It was concluded that structured teaching programme was effective in increasing knowledge and change in attitude. Chi square was used to find out association of pretest level of knowledge with selected demographic variables. The results showed that there is no association with pretest level knowledge and selected demographic variables.
Hamman's Syndrome: A Rare cause of Peri partum chest pain
Authors: E Shanees.
Published: June 2021

Hamman’s syndrome is a potentially life-threatening clinical condition characterized by peripartum subcutaneous emphysema and pneumo mediastinum. This obstetric complication typically occurs in late pregnancy and labor and is frequently observed in young healthy primi parous women.1. Excessive Valsalva maneuver during vaginal delivery and excessive retching, coughing, and straining are frequently reported causes2. Subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum in labour and delivery is a rare but potentially serious occurrence that must be identified and managed appropriately to avoid unnecessary investigations and interventions. Published reports indicate that subsequent pregnancies pose no additional risk for recurrence3.
Alka Ptonuria Disorder
Authors: Bhende Bhawan B.
Published: June 2021

Alkaptonuria (AKU) is a rare disorder of autosomal recessive inheritance. It is caused by a mutation in a gene that results in the accumulation of homogentisic acid (HGA). Characteristically, the excess HGA means sufferers pass dark urine, which upon standing turns black. This is a feature present from birth. Over time patients develop other manifestations of AKU, due to deposition of HGA in collagenous tissue namely ochronosis and ochronotic osteoarthropathy. Although this condition does not reduce life expectancy, it significantly affects quality of life. The natural history of this condition is becoming better understood, despite gaps in knowledge. Clinical assessment of the condition has also improved along with the development of a potentially disease-modifying therapy. Furthermore, recent developments in AKU research have led to new understanding of the disease, and further study of the AKU arthropathy has the potential to influence therapy in the management of osteoarthritis.
Tác động của quản trị công ty đến hiệu quả hoạt động doanh nghiệp: nghiên cứu thực nghiệm từ các công ty niêm yết trên thị trường chứng khoán VIệt Nam
Authors: Thị Thu Thủy Nguyễn , Văn Thuận Nguyễn
Published: June 2021

Nghiên cứu này kiểm chứng tác động của quản trị công ty đến hiệu quả hoạt động của các công ty niêm yết trên thị trường chứng khoán (TTCK) Việt Nam giai đoạn 2008 – 2018. Tác giả sử dụng phương pháp GMM với bộ dữ liệu gồm 479 công ty gồm 5.269 quan sát. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy có mối tương quan thuận chiều giữa quyền kiêm nhiệm (CEOKN), quy mô ban kiểm soát (QMBKS) với hiệu quả hoạt động doanh nghiệp và mối tương quan ngược chiều giữa thành viên hội đồng quản trị độc lập (TVHĐQTĐL) với hiệu quả hoạt động doanh nghiệp. Nghiên cứu xem xét đến mối quan hệ phi tuyến giữa sở hữu tập trung và hiệu quả hoạt động doanh nghiệp. Kết quả cho thấy không có bằng chứng kết luận về mối quan hệ phi tuyến giữa sở hữu tập trung và hiệu quả hoạt động doanh nghiệp.
Đo lường các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến chất lượng dịch vụ đào tạo các trường đại học tư thục trên địa bàn Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh
Authors: Đức Tân Văn
Published: June 2021

Nghiên cứu này nhằm đo lường chất lượng dịch vụ đào tạo các trường đại học tư thục trên địa bàn Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh (TPHCM), trên cơ sở đó đề xuất một số hàm ý chính sách và quản trị nâng cao chất lượng dịch vụ đào tạo các trường đại học này. Mô hình nghiên cứu đề xuất kế thừa từ mô hình nghiên cứu của Abdullah (2006) và được kiểm định bằng phương pháp nghiên cứu định tính kết hợp nghiên cứu định lượng. Nghiên cứu định tính được thực hiện bằng kỹ thuật thảo luận nhóm tập trung, gồm các sinh viên năm 3, năm 4 và chuyên viên làm việc ở trường đại học. Nghiên cứu định lượng nhằm kiểm định mô hình nghiên cứu và các giả thuyết nghiên cứu, dữ liệu nghiên cứu được thu thập bằng hình thức phỏng vấn bảng câu hỏi, được thu thập từ 308 sinh viên. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy chất lượng dịch vụ đào tạo của các trường đại học tư thục trên địa bàn TPHCM gồm các thành phần được xếp theo thứ tự quan trọng giảm dần: (1) Chuyên môn giảng viên, (2) Cảm nhận học phí, (3) Chương trình đào tạo, (4) Môi trường học tập, (5) Quản lý phục vụ, (6) Hình ảnh thương hiệu.
Chất lượng đào tạo giáo dục thể chất tại trường Đại học Tài chính – Marketing
Authors: Nam Khánh Giao Hà , Văn Út Đặng
Published: June 2021

Nghiên cứu này được thực hiện nhằm đánh giá chất lượng đào tạo giáo dục thể chất tại Trường Đại học Tài chính – Marketing (UFM), bằng việc khảo sát 327 sinh viên năm 3 và năm 4. Công cụ Cronbach’s alpha, EFA và phân tích hồi quy bội được sử dụng, với phần mềm SPSS 20.0.

Kết quả đã đưa ra được mô hình chất lượng đào tạo giáo dục thể chất tại UFM gồm 6 nhân tố, sắp xếp theo thứ tự độ mạnh giảm dần: (1) Chương trình đào tạo, (2) Cơ sở vật chất, (3) Hoạt động thể dục thể thao (TDTT) ngoại khóa, (4) Hoạt động chuyên môn, (5) Cung cấp thông tin, (6) Hoạt động ngoài chuyên môn. Từ đó, nghiên cứu đề xuất các hàm ý quản trị đến Ban lãnh đạo Khoa Giáo dục quốc phòng (GDQP) và Giáo dục thể chất (GDTC) của UFM nhằm nâng cao chất lượng đào tạo.
A fixed point theorem without a Picard operator
Authors: KARAPINAR Erdal
Published: June 2021

In this short note, we propose a fixed point theorem in the setting of a Banach space without using a Picard operator.
Gastrointestinal complications in critical care patients and effects of mechanical ventilation on the gastrointestinal tract
Authors: Obeidat Adham , Randhawa Sandeep
Published: June 2021

Patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) especially those who require mechanical ventilation are at increased risk for developing gastrointestinal (GI) complications such as bleeding, infection, and motility dysfunction. It is estimated that the prevalence of GI complications in those patients is approximately 50-80% and lots of those go undiagnosed. Complications can affect different parts of the GI system, including the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, and pancreas. Effects might include dysmotility, diarrhea, inflammation, infection, direct mucosal injuries, ulcerations, and bleeding, and it can be associated with high mortality rates. Moreover, it is believed that the GI tract has a significant contribution in the development of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) in critically ill patients. Mechanical ventilation either alone or in association with other critical illness may have a multitude of effects on almost all the organs of the gastro-intestinal tract. Attention of those interaction and side effects can improve outcomes and potentially mortality. In this review, we describe the mechanisms proposed for mechanical ventilation induced GI complications and different GI complications which can affect the critically ill patient. Keywords: PEEP, Prone position, Dysmotility, GERD, GI bleeding, Ileus, Aspiration, Acalculous cholecystitis
https://www.journalmechanicalventilation.com/the-pressure-volume-curve-how-to-set-peep/
Authors: Youakim Andro , daoud ehab
Published: June 2021

Figure 1: Pressure-Volume curve. Horizontal axis is airway pressure in cmH2O, vertical axis is resultant tidal volume in ml. LIP: Lower inflection point, HIP: high or upper inflection point, PMC: point of maximum curvature or expiratory inflection point.
Paradigm Shifting From Bio-Medical to Bio-Psycho-Social and Role of Medical Social Work
Authors: Sajid Ibadullah , Ashiq Uzma , Sajid Raja Imran
Published: June 2021

The health miseries emerged after the horrific incident of Second World War challenged the bio-medical model dominating the healthcare perceptions during the 19th century. The healthcare interventions in post war years have had to change toward a new idea, the social perspective of health. In 1977, Engel introduced a new approach “bio-psycho-social” (BPS) which emphasized that merely bio-medical intervention by ignoring the psycho-social determinants cannot be helpful in achieving absolute recovery. Although this paradigm shift in healthcare was widely acknowledged but the application of the approach is limited. In the context, the role of Medical Social Work, a profession focused on the reduction of the psycho-social and environmental determinants of health for absolute recovery, is considerable. This review study concludes that the interventions of Social work profession with its unique attributes such as breadth, holistic care and believe in absolute rehabilitation, can make the health system more responsive. Keywords: Healthcare, determinants, Medical Social Work, Social, Psychological
Outcome and Complications of Phacoemulsification Combined with Pars Plana Vitrectomy
Authors: Abidin Ali Zain Ul , Rehman Munib Ur , Dayal Shahid Mahmood
Published: June 2021

Aim: To determine the outcomes of phacoemulsification also examine the complications associated to phacoemulsification combined with pars plana vitrectomy. Study design: Observational study Place and duration of study: Department of Ophthalmology, Khawaja Muhammad Safdar Medical College, Allama Iqbal Memorial Teaching Hospital, Sialkot, from 15th July 2020 to 14thJanuary 2021. Methodology: Twenty patients of both genders whom had undergoing phacovitrectomy were included. Patient’s ages were ranging from 20 to 80 years. Patient’s detailed medical histories were examined after taking informed consent. Patient’s retinal diagnosis, intraocular pressure, visual acuity, intra and post-operative complications were recorded. All the patients had received clear corneal phacoemulsification and 23-guage pars plana vitrectomy. Results: There were 15(75%) male patients while 5(25%) female patients with mean age was 54.52±12.45 years. Five patients (25%) had vitreos hemorrhage, 7(35%) patients had rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, 3(15%) patients had intraocular foreign body, 2(10%) had epiretinal membrane, 2(10%) had macular hole and 1(5%) had tractional retinal detachment. Miosis and rupture of posterior capsule were the most common intraoperative complications found in 85% and 10%. Fibrin was found in 3 (15%) cases, posterior synechia was found in 2 (10%) cases. Conclusion: The phacoemulsification with pars plana vitrectomy is safe and effective treatment modalities in patients with cataract coexist with vitreoretinal disease. Keywords: Phacoemulsification, Pars plana vitrectomy, Cataract, Complications, Outcomes
Overview of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis among Children
Authors: Ahmad Alia , Hussain Mahvish , Yaseen Shazia , Mushtaq Asma , Bibi Ayesha , Dogar Iqbal Hussain , Khan Fauzia Shafi
Published: June 2021

Aim: To analyze clinical manifestations, course and outcome of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in children in resource limited settings lacking salvage therapy. Study design: Observational retrospective study Place and duration of study: Department of Haematology/Oncology, The Children’s Hospital, Lahore Pakistan from 1st January 2011 to 31st December 2018. Methodology: Sixty-five patients with age range from<1 to 8 years included analysing their age, gender, clinical classification, course of therapy and outcome. The major treatment was composed of either prednisolone and vinblastine or cytarabine pulses. Results: There were 59% males and 41% females. Forty-seven (72%) patients presented with multi system-LCH with 49% Risk Organ involvement. Most of them 42 (65%) had bone lesions while 15patients (23%) presented with central nervous system involvement. Forty patients (61%) have completed treatment, 11(17%) left against medical advice and 12(18%)patients expired due to progressive disease and worsening infection. Only 2 patients were put on palliation with progressive brain parenchyma disease. 22 patients (34%) had reactivations of disease requiring therapy for more than one-year (p-value=0.06), while 15 (23%) patients received two cycles of initiation therapy before continuation therapy started. The treatment initiated >6 months after the onset of symptoms in 48 (74%) patients. Conclusion: Early diagnosis and timely initiation of therapy are of utmost importance to reduce mortality and morbidity. There is a dire need of social support to reduce treatment abandonment in low-middle-income countries LMIC. Keywords: Paediatric Langerhans cell histiocytosis, Resource-limited settings, Delayed diagnosis, Abandonment
Role of Labetalol in Control of Hypertension during Pregnancy
Authors: Ramzan Farzana , Qadir Sara , Zarin Sardar Gul , Tahir Fatima , Malik Sajid
Published: June 2021

Aim: To valuate the effectiveness of labetalol in controlling hypertension during pregnancy. Study design: Descriptive case series Place and duration of study: Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Allama Iqbal Medical College/Jinnah Hospital Lahore from 1st September 2018 to 31st March 2019. Methodology: Sixty four patients were enrolled. All the patients were started with lowest effective dose of100mg orally three times daily and if required after 72 hours, the escalation dose up to 200mg every 8hours. When adequate reduction in blood pressure was obtained it was labelled as achievement of primary end point. Results: The age range between 18-35 years with mean age 25.8±5.0 years. There were 12 primigravida (18.8%) and multigravida 52(81.2%). Reduction in blood pressure was observed in56 cases (87.5%). Conclusion: The labetalol appears to be an effective agent in controlling hypertension during pregnancy with possible advantages and no apparent disadvantage during its use. Keywords: Pregnancy-induced hypertension; Labetalol, Control of hypertension
Single Center Analysis of Incidence and Outcome of COVID-19 Infection in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients
Authors: Rana M Asim , Qayyum M Ahad , Latif Amer , Bhatti M Afzal , Khalid Syed Arsalan , Saleem Muhammad , Rehan Irtiqa
Published: June 2021

Aim: To determine overall mortality, outcome and mortality of COVID 19 infection in solid organ transplant pts. Study design: Retrospective study. Place and duration of study: Department of Medicine, Bahria International Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan15thApril 2020 to 31stDecember 2020. Methodology: Twenty-three patients 18 out of which were kidney transplant recipients while 5 were liver transplant recipients. All the solid organ transplant patients who were admitted with Sars CoV2 (Corona virus) infection were recorded. Their charts were reviewed regarding clinical course, management, and outcome of COVID-19 infection in recipients of solid organ (liver and kidney) transplant. Results: Mean age was 44.8±10.9 years. Median time lapsed from transplant surgery to admission was 2.88 years (interquartile range 2.25, 7.33). Median hospital stay was 15 days (interquartile range 13, 28). All 23 patients were admitted and managed, with 17 (73.91%) admitted in ICU. Over half of the cases (58.2%) presented with raised serum creatinine due to acute kidney injury. 80% received azithromycin, Tocilizumab and 50% received Remdesivir.Antimetabolites with or without calcineurin inhibitors were held or reduced. A total of 5 patients had died while the others 18 patients (78.26%) were discharged home. Conclusion: There is a theoretical high risk of getting Sars CoV-2 infection in post-transplant patients but we did not find any increase in overall mortality in solid organ transplant recipients receiving immunosuppressive therapy who acquired Sars CoV2 infection as compared with mortality in the general patients with SARS-CoV-2. We had favorable outcome in solid organ transplant COVID 19 patients in our center. Keywords: Incidence, Outcome, COVID-19, Infection
Workplace Bullying and Harassment among Health Care Professionals
Authors: Channa Shehla , Khan Sarosh , Tunio Zamir Hussain , Jhatiyal Rizwan Ali , Tunio Ikram Ahmed , Umrani Khanwad Bux
Published: June 2021

Aim: To determine prevalence of workplace bullying and its effects on doctors at LUMHS Jamshoro. Study design: Cross sectional survey. Place and duration of study: Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences Jamshoro from 1stJanuary 2021 to 31stMarch. Methodology:Seventy five postgraduate residents, house officers and medical officers were selected randomly, all were interviewed by questionnaire. Questions were asked regarding any incident of bullying, aggression, violence, and harassment during hospital duty hours. Which behavior they faced and what was the reason of that behavior; asked from participants. The data was entered and analyzed using the SPSS 22. Results: Seventy four (98.66%) were females and 1(1.33%) was male with mean age of 27.3±4.7 years. 51 [68%] have been subjected to being bullied. Main source of harassing was by administration in 12%, faculty in 34.66%, senior colleagues in 42.66% colleagues 16%, paramedics15%, and patient’s attendants in 13%. Effects noticed on personality/ behavior were sadness in 41.33%, aggression 32%, confrontation change in sleep 12%, health complaints in headache/ palpitations 34.66%, loss of interest in activities 41.33%, poor performance at work 18.66%, lack of confidence 46.66%, fear to go to work place 20% and avoiding bullier in 29.33%. Conclusion: Prevalence of bullying was 68% among health care professionals interviewed in this study. Violence towards medical caretakers is expanding day by day.Serving in safe and healthy surroundings is the basic right of every health care worker to take healthy decisions to give quality patient care. Keywords: Bullying, harassment, Violence, Doctors, Heath care worker
Isolation of Multi Drug Resistant Escherichia coli from drinking water of Lahore City, Pakistan
Authors: Mir Nazia , Saleem Sidrah , Imran Muhammad , Ghazal Ayesha , Usman Muhammad
Published: June 2021

Background: The major faecal coliform is Escherichia coli which contaminates the drinking water from human and animal faecal waste. In developing regions drinking water is a vital source of microbiological pathogens. Multi-drug resistant (MDR) is defined as resistance to one or more antibiotic groups. An E. coli count greater than 4/dl in municipal drinking water is indicative of unacceptable fecal contamination. Aim: To find out the frequency of MDR E. coli in water system of Lahore, Pakistan. Methodology: Drinking water was collected from different towns of Lahore. The samples were processed using Membrane Filtration Technique. In the present study, Multidrug Resistant E.coli was isolated and antibiotic resistant pattern was seen against 16 most commonly antimicrobials, using Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: Total 100 water samples were collected, frequency of Escherichia coliisolated was 27% and frequency of MDR E.coli was 19%. The highest resistance showed by the organism towards Ampicillin (AMP) 21(81.48%), Augmentin (AMC), and Ceftazidime (CAZ) 14(51.85%) respectively. In this study also frequency of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamases were seen. Most common organisms isolated were E. coli 7% and Klebsiella 5%. Frequency of other coliforms isolated from drinking water other than E. coli was Klebsiella species 26%, Pseudomonas species 27%, Enterobacter 7%, Citrobacter species 8% and Acinetobacter species 5%. Conclusion: This study revealed that drinking water of Lahore city is heavilycontaminated with pathogenic microorganisms. A high proportion of antibiotic resistant is due to overuse of antibiotics, in patients with mild infections and secretion of these resistant bacteria from patients to environment. One of the reasons could be the mixing of sewage lines with drinking water supply. So, there is solely requirement for further studies for the identification of the sources for these contaminants. Keywords: Isolates, E. coli, Klebsiella, Multi-drug resistant (MDR)
Investigation of HRCT Chest Severity in Patients with COVID-19: A Study of Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan
Authors: Sarfraz Saulat , Waheed Kh. Bilal , Akhtar Masood , Latif Sarfraz , Asif Muhammad , Malik Abdus Sami
Published: June 2021

Background: High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) chest has a key role in diagnosis COVID-19, as it provides specific imaging features, i.e., bilateral, peripheral and sub-pleural, ground-glass opacity (GGO), consolidation and many associated findings. Aim: To provide the detailed chest HRCT findings along with clinical information in patients with COVID-19. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Radiology SZPGMI, Lahore. Information on clinical data, chest radiography appearance and comorbidities were recorded ona designed proforma. HRCT chest findings were recorded in terms of pattern, distribution, laterality, and other findings. HRCT chest severity was calculated using a 25 point CT severity score. Kendall’s Tau test applied to investigate the correlation between the severity of HRCT chest with clinical severity levels of COVID-19. Results: Fever (74%) was the most reported presenting symptom, followed by dry cough (70%). The majority of patients had abnormal chest X-ray (57%) as well as abnormal HRCT chest (90%). The majority of patients were in mild clinical scoring levels of disease (61%) and mild category (49%) of HRCT chest severity. In majority of the patients (46%), all five pulmonary lobes were involved, whereas the right lower lobe was most frequently affected. The pattern of ground-glass opacity (GGO) was found in 82% of patients. Most common distribution was ‘peripheral’, reported in 90% patients. Multiple lobe involvement was found in 82% of patients. The unilateral pulmonary involvement was observed in 12% of patients, whereas, bilateral was found in 78% of patients. Reticulations were reported in 22% followed by atelectasis in 18% patients. Conclusion: COVID-19 patients usually present with abnormal HRCT chest, mostly with a benign course. Multiple pulmonary lobes are commonly involved, especially basal lobes with ground glass opacities. Clinical severity of the disease is reflected in HRCT findings. Keywords: COVID-19 Pandemic, HRCT Chest Findings, Ground Glass Opacity (GGO), Consolidation
Ludwig’s Angina: Management of 32 Cases at Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Akhtar Masood , Wakeel Nasir , Shafique Muhammad Asim , Sarfraz Saulat , Varachue M Younas , Qayyum Fouzia
Published: June 2021

Background: Ludwig’s angina is a rapidly expanding cellulitis involving the floor of mouth and sub mandibular space predominantly due to dental / periodontal infections. Aim: To determine the management outcomes in the patients of Ludwig’s Angina. Place and duration of study: Department of Otorhinolaryngology Bahawal Victoria Hospital Bahawalpur. Duration was two years from August 2018 to July 2020. Study design: Hospital based cross sectional descriptive type of study Methodology: Patients of any age and gender who were clinically diagnosed as Ludwig angina and required hospitalization during the study duration were included in the study. Data regarding age, gender underlying cause, mode of presentation, treatment and complications were collected and analyzed. Patients with mild infection who did not require hospital admission were excluded from the study. Results: Out of total 32 cases, 20(62.5%) were males and 12(37.5%) were females. Age range was 10 to 70 years. In 28 (87.5%) cases, the cause was dental infection. All patients presented with pain and swelling of sub mandibular region. Four (12.5%) patients were improved with conservative treatment while 28(87.5%) underwent incision and drainage. Two (6.25%) patients needed tracheostomy. One (3.1%) patient developed complication (mediastinitis) and could not revive. Conclusion: Ludwig's angina is a disease of any age and gender commonly seen among the patients of preexisting dental infection. It can be life threatening if presented late with complication. Early diagnosis and aggressive treatment decrease morbidity and mortality. Key words: Angina, Ludwing, Cellulitis, Submandibular region.
Prognosis of Anosmia in Patients of COVID-19
Authors: Abbas Najaf , Mahmood Maria , Chaudhry Kamran , Bhatti Hassan Majid , . Rehana , Ali Sajid
Published: June 2021

Background: The novel Corona virus (SARS COV-2) causes respiratory tract infection that has been labeled as Covid-19. It was declared a pandemic by WHO on 30th of January 2020. So far, COVID-19 has involved 218 countries and territories with 135,338,376 total cases and 2,929,315 total deaths. This virus causes severe respiratory distress syndrome and usually present with dry cough, fever, respiratory distress, and myalgia. Interestingly, patients have shown various nonspecific presentations and Anosmia is also a prominent nonspecific feature. Aim: To find out the overall progress, duration and recovery of Covid-19 related loss of smell (anosmia). Methods: This is a retrospective online study in which 45 patients were included. Data was collected by using ‘Google survey form’. Only those patients, who were confirmed cases of Covid-19 (diagnosed by PCR) and who lost their smell at least 3 month earlier, were included in this study. The Statistical analysis of collected data was then carried out by using SPSS software. Results: Out of 45 patients 17(37.8%) were male and 28(62.2%) were female (male to female ratio of 1:1.6). 71.2% of the respondents were up to 40years of age. 12(26.7%) patients were between 41 to 50 years, while only one patient (2.2%) was between 51 to 60 years. In 43 patients (95.6%) the anosmia was reversible. In two of our respondents (4.4%), the smell sensation didn’t return even after 3 months. Conclusion: The anosmia in Covid-19 is mostly reversible and in most of the patients its duration is less than 2 weeks. Keywords: Anosmia, Covid-19, SARS COV-2
Ovarian risk factors of female infertility by transvaginal ultrasonography
Authors: Tul-Sughra Syeda Khadija- , Gilani Syed Amir , Hanif Asif , Butt Sabar , Hasan Zain-Ul- , Awais Waheeda
Published: June 2021

Aim: To determine the Ovarian risk factors of female infertility by transvaginal ultrasonography Study design: Cross sectional validation study Methods: The study comprised women visiting the department with unexplained infertility for treatment during the period of 2018 to 2020. A total of 550 cycles were inducted primarily referred for ovarian assessment by ultrasound with patent tubes and normal utero-ovarian morphology. All those women having no conception with normal semen analysis of their husbands. Male factor infertility was also excluded. Baseline transvaginal sonography (TVS) was performed at proliferative phase, of the cycle. Mature follicles were studied by TVS. On an individual basis, the following parameters, that is, follicle size, ovarian volume and ovarian artery Doppler PI, RI were studied. Follicle size and ovarian artery Doppler flow were highly significant for a pregnancy. Results: In this research two types of infertility was compared with normal group as for as the primary infertile females were 99 (18.00%) and secondary infertile females were 144 (26.18%) and normal were 307 (55.82%). Out of 550 patients 243 (44.18%) patients were infertile and 307 (55.82%) were normal. Discussed in this research. Conclusions: Ovarian ultrasound assessment proved to be a simple, noninvasive and authentic to predict the ovarian environment and thereby helping in the prediction of the outcome in infertility. Keywords: Infertility, Doppler ultrasonography, Transvaginal ultrasonography, Resistive index, Pulsatility index
Adaptation of Hoarding Rating Scale Interview in Urdu for Use in Pakistan
Authors: Malik Fauzia , Kamal Anila
Published: June 2021

Background: Hoarding Rating Scale Interview (HRS-I) is a brief five item instrument to assess symptoms of hoarding in both clinical and non-clinical population. Aim: To adapt and validate HRS-I in Urdu language for its convenient use in Pakistan. Methods: Sample consisted of 112 adults from both clinical and a control group. The scale was translated in Urdu following standard translation procedure and data was collected to determine the psychometric properties of translated version. Reliability and validity estimates were established using different statistical analysis. Results: Cronbach alpha value (.82) suggested an acceptable level of internal consistency. Factor structure was found to be consistent with original English version of HRS-I and correlations were found to be high for like subscales than other subscales except for a positive but non-significant correlation between acquisition item of HRS-I and acquisition subscale of SI-R. Though it significantly correlated with total scale score on HRS-I. Conclusion: The results of the study provide evidence for preliminary acceptable psychometric properties of Urdu version of Hoarding Rating Scale-Interview and proves it to be a time efficient and promising tool to assess hoarding in cultural context of Pakistan. MeSH words: HRS-I, Validation study, Assessment of Hoarding, Cultural adaptation
Correlation of intercanthal and interalar distance to intercanine distance for selection of maxillary ant. teeth
Authors: Ayyub Qazi Muhammad Shoaib , Inayat Naveed , Ahmad Afsheen , Munir Nadia , Muddassar M. , Rauf Mirza Abdul
Published: June 2021

Background: Maxillofacial region’s reference points like interpupillary distance, intercanthal distance, interalar distance and bizygomatic width can significantly contribute toward reconstruction of two-dimensional (2D) facial profiles. Aim: To find correlation between intercanthal to intercanine and interalar to intercanine distance for maxillary anterior teeth selection. Methodology: This study was conducted at de’ Montmorency College of Dentistry/ Punjab Dental Hospital, Lahore from 29-08-2013 to 28-04-2014. Sampling technique was non-probability purposive. 200 subjects are estimated for correlation of intercanthal distance to intercanine distance and correlation of interalar distance to intercanine distance as r=0.302. Results: Out of 200 cases, 102(51%) were 20-40 years of age while 98(49%) were ranging between 41-60 years of age, mean±SD was calculated as 41.01±11.90 years, 135(67.5%) were male and 65(32.5%) were females, correlation among maxillary intercanine distance with other facial land marks shows the distance of intercanine was 37.26±3.91, it was 41.26±4.57 for interalar and 34.50+2.51 was recorded for intercanthal, the value of R2, the coefficient of determination, is 0.0893 for intercanine to intercanthal and 0.0018 for intercanine to interalar. Conclusion: We concluded that intercanthal distance to intercanine distance is more correlated as compared to interalar distance to intercanine distance in Pakistani population. Keywords: Maxillary anterior teeth, intercanthal distance, intercanine distance, interalar distance, correlation
Feedback on Teaching and Assessment Methodologies, being practiced in Islam Dental College
Authors: Inayat Naveed , Munir Nadia , Sajjad Mehvish , Muneer Muhammad Usman , Muddassar Muhammad , Rauf , Mirza Abdul
Published: June 2021

Background: The students are in the best position to judge the effectiveness of any teaching system. They may comment logically to assess the teaching and evaluation methods. Aim: To analyze the student's feedback on teaching methodologies and effectiveness of methods being practiced in department of Prosthodontics in Islam Dental College Sialkot. Methods: The cross sectional study was conducted in Islam Dental College Sialkot with a specially designed questionnaire. The study subjects were 100 students, 50 each from 3rd year and final year BDS. The questionnaire was based on methods of teaching and assessments, in terms of content, time and relevance. Results: Majority (85%) agreed on the reliability of multimedia and digital methods of teaching .A huge number (73%) were also satisfied with delivery and content of the lectures.80% students were satisfied with teaching in lecture halls. 30% and 40% were not satisfied with teaching in clinics and OPDs respectively. Multiple Choice questions were the most favored type of assessment methods with 45% agreement. Conclusion: Students were satisfaction with the teaching methods being practice in Islam dental College. MCQs were considered preferred assessment tools. There is a dire need to innovate Clinical and OPD Teaching regime in the dental colleges. As the lapse has a significant impact on knowledge and skill of the students. Keywords: Blended Learning, Assessment tools, Feedback, teaching methods
Association between Sucrose Intake in Coke and Root or Coronal Caries among Teenagers
Authors: Haider Syed Ammar , Irfan Mohammad , Rashid Amina , Ejaz Anooshay , Arslan Afra , Hassan Muhammad , Tariq Amina
Published: June 2021

Aim: To examine the associations between sucrose intake in coke and the prevalence of root or coronal caries in teenagers. Methods: Crossectional survey design was used to achieve the aim of the study. Participants with the age ranging from 13 to 19 years were recruited using consecutive sampling technique. 60 participants were recruited in the study who take coke as carbonated drink regularly. Results: The results revealed that there was a significant difference in the prevalence of teeth with root caries or restoration in terms of levels of intake of sucrose in coke (X2=6.205, P=.045). Teeth with root caries or restoration were found higher among participants with medium sucrose intake in the form of coke (58.33%). Teeth with coronal caries or restoration were found higher among participants with high sucrose intake in the form of coke (66.66%). Conclusion: A significant positive relationship was observed between sucrose intake in coke and the number of coronal or root caries lesions in teenagers Keywords: Root caries, Coronal caries, Sucrose intake, Coke
Post-Acute Covid-19 Syndrome
Authors: Ali Shah Syed Zulfiquar , Ujjan Ikram Din , Lashari Naveed Aslam
Published: June 2021

The coronaviruses (CoVs) belongs to the subgroup Orthocoronavirinae in the family Coronaviridae, Order Nidovirales.1 During 2002, the China reports first outbreak of SARS quickly spread worldwide, leads to approximately 11% fatality rate while during 2012;2 Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) originates in Saudi Arabia followed by its spread worldwide with 37% mortality.3 During December 2019, an pneumonia of unknown etiology has been detected in vast majority of patients resides in Wuhan City, Central China and Hubei Province.4 The Genomic research has been identified that this pneumonia considered as coronavirus disease 2019 caused by novel corona virus (CoV) labeled as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), formerly called as 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV).5 The screening and management strategies are not sufficient to end the battled against COVID-19.6 The survivors face various long terms symptoms produced by COVID-19 which are still the matter of debate.7 The literature reported 50-90% individuals have persistent symptoms and considered as long-haulers but due to confounders as gender, age, race, duration and severity of infection, short term study period and follow ups the results are hampered and limited.8
PENGARUH CARA PENGERINGAN SIMPLISIA TERHADAP KADAR FENOLIK DAN AKTIVITAS TABIR SURYA EKSTRAK ETANOL 70% DAUN CINCAU HIJAU (Cyclea barbata Miers.)
Authors: Rusmawati Lisa , Rahmawan Sjahid Landyyun , Fatmawati Sofia
Published: June 2021

Extract cincau leaves green according to previous studies have the value of the antioxidant IC50 49,45±0,64 µg/mL. According to researchers the phenol formerly produced through a method of drying oven with higher than the drying with sunlight and dried use wind. The research aims to understand the influence of means drying simplisia against phenolic levels total and the activity of a natural sunscreen on extract ethanol 70 % cincau leaves green (Cyclea barbata Miers). Drying simplisia in research is divided into three which is drying with the dry wind, the sun, and an oven. Green leaves cincau simplisia extracted by using the method maceration. Testing the phenolic committed using the folin ciocalteu method. The determination is based on the SPF value Mansur. The results of the value of phenolic or on the program have managed to extract by the difference means drying simplisia dry wind, the rays of the sun and an oven respectively namely 32,7089;  46,2500 and 59,5500 mgGAE / g.  The SPF value obtained from each extract with different methods of drying simplisia showed significant differences in various concentration test.
EFEK PEMBERIAN SEDUHAN SERBUK HERBA SELEDRI (Apium graviolens L.) TERHADAP KADAR ASAM URAT SERUM DARAH AYAM LEGHORN JANTAN HIPERURIKEMIA
Authors: Kristiyani Ani
Published: June 2021

Apium graviolens L. is a medicinal plant that is useful for treating gout. Flavonoids are components of chemical compounds found in celery because they can work as antioxidants and inhibit the action of the xanthine oxidase enzyme to form uric acid. This study aims to determine the effect of giving celery herb powder on the blood serum uric acid levels of hyperuricemia male leghorn chickens. This study used twenty-five male leghorn chickens which were randomly divided into 5 groups. All groups were made hyperuricemia by being given 100% chicken liver juice 5 mL/l kg BW once a day orally during treatment. Group 1 was given 0.5% CMC suspension solution as a negative control group. Group 2 was treated with allopurinol 14 mg/1.5 kg BW in CMC 0.5% as a positive control. Groups 3, 4, 5 received infusion of celery herb powder in the order of doses (0.6 g/1.5 kg BW), (1.2 g/1.5 kg BW), (1.8 g/1.5 kg BW). Examination of uric acid levels was carried out on days 0, 4, 8, 12. The results showed that steeping celery could reduce uric acid levels in proportion to the dose. The greater the dose given, the greater the decrease in uric acid levels. The dose of celery herb group 3 (1.8 g/1.5 kg BW) was the most effective doses because it had the same value as the positive control.
UJI KANDUNGAN PROTEIN FORMULASI KERANG/KOTENG (Pilsbryoconcha exilis) MENJADI MP-ASI DI DESA LAMASI PANTAI
Authors: Hamdan Dian Furqani , Mardiana
Published: June 2021

Based on RISKESDAS data on the amount of stunting in children under five in Indonesia, this study conducted a test of the nutritional content of protein in local foodstuffs of the coastal Lamasi village community, namely Koteng mussels (Pilsbryoconcha exilis). This is to support the government of South Sulawesi to reduce the prevalence rate of stunting (very short and short) who experience malnutrition and malnutrition. This study only focuses on testing the protein content as the main substance and nutrition for the growth and development of toddlers, while the method used in this study is the shellfish formulation which is done manually where the raw material is boiled and dried then smashed into powder and then tested for protein content using the Kjeldahl method in the Sucofindo laboratory weighing 500 grams. The results of the protein content test of the formulation of Koteng shellfish (P.exilis) resulted in a protein content of 56.66%. As for the preparation of MP-ASI recipes with a collection of river clams worth 70 g, 4 g skim milk, 6 g rice flour, and 2 g vegetable oil, each containing protein worth 7,9% successively 6,5%; 9,6%; 2%
Editorial
Authors: García Beatriz
Published: June 2021

A pesar de la determinación de la UNESCO de asumir la equidad de género como objetivo global, y de las diversas iniciativas en torno a la erradicación de esta grave problemática social, es indudable que falta mucho por hacer para construir un mundo donde los hombres y mujeres podamos convivir sin discriminaciones.
El ecofeminismo
Authors: Palop Vicente
Published: June 2021

El Ecofeminismo, más allá de una tendencia, es un modo de ver la vida y los pro­cesos que de ella subyacen, es por tanto una filosofía de trabajo. Este modo de entender la existencia, basado en la reivindicación de modelos no patriarcales y holísticos, está surcado por diferentes tendencias, desde experiencias diversas, pero nacen de un tronco común y complementan un modo de estar del mundo: la conciencia de ser naturaleza. Estos principios de trabajo, por la riqueza de los mismos, podrían muy bien ayudar a hilvanar el discurso transversal de un progra­ma formativo basado en el humanismo muy en sintonía con la Educación Popular.
Los intersticios escolares
Authors: Calderón Vélez Milton Leonel
Published: June 2021

El siguiente artículo analítico aborda los intersticios escolares como espacios de expresión juvenil de biorresistencia en tanto se enmarcan en relaciones de poder. El trabajo es el resultado de una micro investigación realizada con jóvenes de diferentes contextos culturales y económicos en el ámbito escolar, visto aquel como uno de los espacios en que se configuran las identidades de las subjetividades juveniles. Las relaciones existentes en este significativo espacio de estudio revelan relaciones de poder que se ven alteradas gracias a los intersticios, desde los cuales puede resignificarse la categoría juventud, y junto a ella, las políticas públicas sobre juventudes. El estudio tiene una mirada sociológica y al mismo tiempo pedagógica respecto de cómo entender la escuela más allá de los espacios comúnmente definidos por el mundo adulto en el ámbito escolar.
Presentación
Authors: Vargas Carlos
Published: June 2021

Cuando hablamos de educación y juventud, uno de los problemas que se vislumbran es el de los ambientes de aprendizaje, y otro el comunicacional. Respecto a los ambientes de aprendizaje, es fundamental comprender que en el aprender a aprender, en el enseñar a mirar al mundo, juega un papel importante el construir el espacio y el espíritu desde donde se aborda los saberes. Aquí es fundamental tener como horizonte de sentido la participación como un eje de interacción democrática que ayuda a los jóvenes, en su propia praxis, a descubrir en sí mismos valores, cualidades y destrezas, que al ponerlos al servicio del otro, de la comunidad, cobran mucho más valor porque llevan un significado que trasciende su propia vida.
¡Mis manos enseñan, tus ojos aprenden!
Authors: Sarmiento Jaime , Llumiquinga Leonardo
Published: June 2021

Sistematización de la práctica educativa y comunicacional ¡Mis manos enseñan, tus ojos aprenden!, revista audiovisual desarrollada por un gru­po de estudiantes sordos de la Unidad de Educación Especial Fe y Ale­gría de Santo Domingo, con el apoyo de sus docentes. Esta propuesta inició con un programa de formación en fotografía y en producción de video. El resultado del programa de formación fue una revista educativa visual que demuestra de qué forma se pueden desarrollar contenidos en donde oyentes y sordos compartan y aprendan juntos, más allá de las barreras del lenguaje. Adicionalmente, la revista está articulada al proceso educativo de jóvenes sordos y potencia las capacidades para la planificación, el trabajo en equipo, el uso de las TIC y la promoción de los derechos lingüísticos y educativos de las personas sordas. Además, abre las puertas al mundo de las personas sordas, refuerza su identidad y promueve el uso de la lengua de señas en la educación y en la produc­ción de material educativo.
Presentación
Authors: Vargas Carlos
Published: June 2021

Ante preguntas como: ¿Dónde están tus hermanos, tus hermanas?, ¿dónde duermen?, ¿en qué mar se están ahogando?, ¿qué pedazo de pan tienen para llevarse a la boca?, ¿dónde están los derechos de niñas, niños y jóvenes?… la Educación tendrá que preguntarse si su tarea responde a los desafíos que estos cuestionamientos plantean; y la Educación Popular tendrá que insistir en palabras y acciones que se hagan carne en las angustias de los desesperados y nutran la esperanza de una educación en justicia, en libertad y en el derecho a la convivencia solidaria, justa y equitativa.
Editorial
Authors: García Beatriz
Published: June 2021

En los últimos años la Educación Popular como propuesta política, ética y pedagógica se ha colocado entre debates que cuestionan la continuidad y vigencia de sus postulados teóricos y sus prácticas. Un elemento que ha incidido en este cuestionamiento tiene que ver con el anuncio del fin de las utopías, convertido en bandera con la caída de los socialismos, y refrendado más recientemente con los fracasos o contradicciones de gobiernos de izquierda que han tenido lugar en diversos países de América Latina. Otro elemento tiene relación con una especie de invisibilidad del sentido de lo “popular” que se ha forjado de la mano con una banalización o desconocimiento de su significado y la institucionalización de propuestas pedagógicas innovadoras introducidas en los currículos con poco sentido crítico.