bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cataloguing Phytosociological Pattern of Flora in Nilgiris Biosphere Reserve, Western Ghats, Southern India
Authors: M Packialakshmi , Divya M. P. , Baranidharan K. , Geetha S. , Ganesan K. N. , Ravi R , Manivasakan S.
Published: July 2022

Background
During April, 2021-April, 2022, the field survey was conducted in Mettupalyam Forest range of Coimbatore Forest Division which is an integral part of Nilgiris Biosphere Reserve and it was approached in a systematic random sampling method with 60 sample plots of 20x 20 m and 8 transect line survey at 0.2% sampling intensity were laid out in which study area were catalogued with 54 trees, 25 shrubs, 22 herbs and 22 grasses.
Results
The result revealed that the maximum dominance were observed in Atlantia monophylla (32.20), Lantana camara (43.02), Abutilon indicum (54.87) and Oplismenus burmanii (19.34%) and minimum in Glycosmis pentaphylla (12.32), Euphorbia heterophylla (2.18), Mimosa pudica (2.82) and Melinis repens (0.18%) in tree, shrubs, herbs and grass layer, respectively. Furthermore, the highest Shannon D index (H = 3.08) observed in TL, followed by GL (H = 2.76), HL (2.28) and SL (2.25) along with Simpson index also higher in GL (1-D = 0.92), TL (1-D = 0.91), HL (1-D = 0.86) and SL (1-D = 0.84), respectively.
Conclusion
Cataloguing flora in Mettupalayam Reserve Forest is the pioneer study which gives scientific and baseline information for conservation of flora in the forest.
The brain activity of individuals with or without motivation to change: A preliminary study among cigarette smokers
Authors: Kalayasiri Rasmon , Srisukl Sakol , Chatdon Attapong , Sungkarat Witaya
Published: July 2022

Background: Cigarette smoking is an addictive behavior which requires high motivation to change, a phenotype related to the functional activity of the brain. Methods: Motivation to change smoking behaviors of 107 current smokers receiving services at a university hospital was obtained by using the Stage of Change Readiness and Treatment Eagerness Scale (SOCRATES). Brain activities related to motivation to change were also explored in a subgroup by using the functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). Results: The results showed that most current cigarette smokers (n=68, 63.6%) had low motivation to change despite them receiving health-related services. Brain activities in the left of the temporal, frontal gyrus, and superior medial gyrus of smokers with motivation were greater activated than those without. In contrast, the brain activity in the left precentral gyrus and bilateral paracentral lobules of smokers without motivation were greater activated. Conclusions: These preliminary results show the differences of brain activity between smokers with and without motivation to change and are warranted for further research.
How Does Consumer Quality Misperception Change European Antidumping Actions?
Authors: Mamadou Thiam
Published: July 2022

The European Union is increasingly using anti-dumping procedures to better regulate international trade. At a time when we are talking about the progressive rise of a globalization among friends, it is necessary to clarify all the economic mechanisms that lead to the adoption of an anti-dumping duty. This paper shows that the misperception of the quality of an imported good is an effective explanation of anti-dumping duties. In particular, we show that questioning the quality of goods imported from a country significantly increases the probability of initiating anti-dumping investigations against that country. The evidence is both theoretical and empirical and focuses on trade relations between the European Union and China.
Role of Cation Size on Order-Disorder Phase Transition and Cation Hopping Mechanism based on LiCB11H12
Authors: Sau Kartik , Takagi Shigeyuki , Ikeshoji Tamio , Kisu Kazuaki , Sato Ryuhei , Orimo Shin-ichi
Published: July 2022

Complex hydrides are of great interest for being potential candidates for the solid electrolyte of all-solid-state batteries owing to their exceptionally high ionic conductivity at a high-temperature phase. Hereafter, we study a model system (LiCB11H12) using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations based on a reported force field to investigate the role of cation size in the order-disorder phase-transition temperature (Ttran) and cationic diffusion. The MD results indicate that the lowering of Ttran is due to the high cell volume (by introducing a large-size cation) that eases the anionic rotation. The results are further confirmed by performing a few additional MD simulations by keeping fixed cation size while varying cell volumes. In addition, we obtain comparative insights into cationic density distribution, the bottlenecks of the cationic path, and its hopping mechanism when increasing cationic sizes. These findings are of fundamental importance for guiding a lower transition temperature and higher cationic diffusion for practical applications.
TO EPISTOLARY BY KOST’ MATSIYEVYCH AND ANDRIY NIKOVSKY
IN 1920-1921
Authors: Vlasenko V. M
Published: July 2022

In the published documents (18 letters and 3 telegrams), which are kept in the fund 3696
«The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Ukrainian People's Republic, 1918-1924» in the Central state archive of highest authorities and management of Ukraine, the information is provided about the activities of Ukrainian diplomats Kost’ Matsiyevych and Andriy Nikovsky. At that time the first one headed the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Ukrainian People's Republic, the latter was the head of the UPR extraordinary diplomatic mission in Romania. The documents cover the period from April 7, 1920 to November 21, 1921. The sender of 13 letters and 2 telegrams is Kost’ Matsiyevych while the author of 5 letters and 1 telegram is Andriy Nikovsky. The documents concern a wide range of foreign policy issues on the eve and during the first year of the UPR government’s immigration. The most important problems mentioned there include the following items: financing the activities of the UPR government, the Ukrainian delegation at the Prague Peace Conference, the Ukrainian embassy in Turkey, the UPR extraordinary diplomatic mission in Romania, the UPR military mission in Romania; the return of prisoners of war, World War I disabled persons and refugees; negotiations about the joint actions of the UPR army and Wrangel’s “Russian army” against the Bolsheviks; the imposition of the UPR embassy in Bulgaria governor’s duties on Kost’ Matsiyevych; the development of relations with Bulgaria, Poland and Romania, the review of the political and social-economic situation in those countries; the issue of the UPR’s joining the League of
Nations, discussing the Ukrainian issue in the League of Nations; the supply of arms and
ammunition to Ukraine; the implementation of the cultural diplomacy; ensuring the tour of the Ukrainian republican choir’s headed by O. Koshits; providing the organizational and financial support for the Bessarabian group during the second winter military campaign of the UPR army; termination of the UPR diplomatic mission in Romania activities and its functions transfer to the Civilian assistance of Ukrainian immigration committee.
PROLOGUES AND EPILOGUES IN THE RITUAL STRUCTURE OF UKRAINIAN
WEDDING
Authors: Kukharenko O. O
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to the construction and study of the structure of the cycle of
Ukrainian wedding rites, and it is a kind of continuation of the author’s publications, who uses a structural and functional method to study the national family ritualism.
In the course of the study, it turned out that, after the division of rites, there were extra
episodes that cannot be attributed to any of the rites in which they occur - neither matchmaking, nor wedding, nor dowry. And since such unaccounted episodes are at the beginning of pre-wedding, wedding and post-wedding small cycles, the researcher proposes to include them in the prologues of each of these cycles. At the same time, these three prologues should be considered full-fledged rites to give the structure greater harmony and functionality. The correctness of the division of prologues into episodes is checked using five criteria of division: new-level or generalized repetition of the event, material and spiritual metamorphosis of the characters of sacred action, change of sacred chronotope, the principle of constant renewal and change of character of the action. According to the latter criterion, episodes that are adjacent but do not change the nature of the action cannot be considered as individual episodes, but only as variations of the same episode. The prologues created in this way for the three small cycles of the Ukrainian wedding took the first, eighth and fourteenth places in the structure, respectively, and the cycle of fourteen rites increased to seventeen.
Two of the three prologues - wedding and post-wedding - have no culminating episodes.
The prologue of the pre-wedding cycle is at the same time the general prologue to the whole great cycle of rites. The presence of prologues implies the need to identify epilogues for both the large ritual cycle and each of the small cycles. Such epilogues, according to one version, can be considered the last rites in small cycles - hiltse, komora and perezva. On the other hand, the epilogues may be the final episodes of the said rites, which are after the culmination. This version is supported by the absence of culmination episodes in two of the three prologues. But none of the options is important for the existence and functioning of the structure, because the created structure does not need to be divided into epilogues, and prologues are important from the point of view to include all the available episodes in the ritual action.
ANCIENT HISTORY OF UKRAINE IN THE TEACHING OF L. ZALIZNYAK
Authors: Nesterenko V. A.
Published: July 2022

Review of the monograph: Ancient History of Ukraine. 2nd ed., Supplement. K.: Tempora,
2021. 640 s. [Recenzija na monografiju: Starodavnja istorija Ukrai'ny.2-ge vyd., dopovn. K. :
Tempora, 2021. 640 s.]
Identification of Mollusc Remains (Bivalve and Gastropod) from Archaeological Sites in Semporna, Sabah
Authors:   Centre for Global Archaeological Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, Albert Deejay Daxter A. , Bujeng Velat ,   Centre for Global Archaeological Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, Chia Stephen ,   Centre for Global Archaeological Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
Published: July 2022

This paper discusses the identification of mollusc (bivalve and gastropod) remains from three archaeological sites in Semporna, Sabah, namely Bukit Tengkorak, Melanta Tutup and Bukit Kamiri, dated to the prehistoric period, from 3,000 to 800 years ago. Samples of mollusc remains used in this study were obtained from a series of archaeological excavations conducted at these three sites by the Centre for Global Archaeological Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia (CGAR, USM), Penang in collaboration with the Sabah Museum Department (SMD) from 1994 to 2007. In total, 90 taxa of molluscan species, of which 30 are bivalves and 60 are gastropods, had been identified. Out of 90, there were 55 taxa identified to the species level, of which 18 are bivalves and 37 are gastropods. They consisted mainly of marine species with small numbers of freshwater, brackish and terrestrial species. This study had provided new data and insights into the distribution and exploitation of molluscs by ancient human societies in different environments in Semporna, which will be useful not only for malacological research in the tropics but also for future biological and environmental studies in Sabah, Malaysia as well as for the Southeast Asian and Pacific regions.
Low temperature quantum bounds on simple models
Authors: Pappalardi Silvia , Kurchan Jorge
Published: July 2022

In the past few years, there has been considerable activity around a set of quantum bounds on transport coefficients (viscosity) and chaos (Lyapunov exponent), relevant at low temperatures. The interest comes from the fact that Black-Hole models seem to saturate all of them.
The goal of this work is to gain physical intuition about the quantum mechanisms that enforce these bounds on simple models.
To this aim, we consider classical and quantum free dynamics on curved manifolds. These systems exhibit chaos up to the lowest temperatures and -- as we discuss -- they violate the bounds in the classical limit. First of all, we show that the quantum dimensionless viscosity and the Lyapunov exponent only depend on the de Broglie length and a geometric length-scale, thus establishing the scale at which quantum effects become relevant. Then, we focus on the bound on the Lyapunov exponent and identify three different ways in which quantum effects arise in practice. We illustrate our findings on a toy model given by the surface of constant negative curvature — a paradigmatic model of quantum chaos — glued to a cylinder. By exact solution and numerical investigations, we show how the chaotic behaviour is limited by the quantum effects of the curvature itself. Interestingly, we find that at the lowest energies the bound to chaos is dominated by the longest length scales, and it is therefore a collective effect.
Benchmarking LHC searches for light 2HDM+a pseudoscalars
Authors: Argyropoulos Spyros , Haisch Ulrich
Published: July 2022

Using two suitable benchmark scenarios that satisfy the experimental constraints on the total decay width of the 125 GeV Higgs boson, we determine the bounds on light CP-odd spin-0 states in the 2HDM+a model that arise from existing LHC searches. Our work represents the first thorough study that considers the parameter space with m_a \lesssimma≲ 100 GeV and should prove useful for 2HDM+a interpretations of future ATLAS, CMS and LHCb searches for pseudoscalars with masses below the electroweak scale.
A CASE REPORT OF ERUPTIVE SYRINGOMA: CLINICAL, DERMOSCOPIC AND HISTOLOGICAL FEATURES
Authors:   Service de Dermatologie et Venerologie, Hopital Ibn Sina -Universite Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc., S. Kerroum , K. Znati ,   Service dAnatomo-pathologie, Hopital Ibn Sina - Universite Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc., Z. Zeggwagh ,   Service de Dermatologie et Venerologie, Hopital Ibn Sina -Universite Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc., M. Asermouh ,   Service de Dermatologie et Venerologie, Hopital Ibn Sina -Universite Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc., M. Meziane ,   Service de Dermatologie et Venerologie, Hopital Ibn Sina -Universite Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc., N. Ismaili ,   Service de Dermatologie et Venerologie, Hopital Ibn Sina -Universite Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc., L. Benzekri ,   Service de Dermatologie et Venerologie, Hopital Ibn Sina -Universite Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc., K. Senouci ,   Service de Dermatologie et Venerologie, Hopital Ibn Sina -Universite Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc.
Published: July 2022

Syringoma is a benign adnexal tumor that originates from the acrosyringium. Eruptive syringoma is a rare variant that manifests in the form of skin-colored or brownish, shiny, angulated papules that occur in successive crops. Dermoscopic evaluation reveals brownish regular pigment network and tiny whitish dots between adjacent papules that correspond histologically to multiple eccrine ducts lined by a double-layered epithelium, giving a paisley tie appearance. This case of eruptive syringomas highlights the importance of histopathological and dermoscopic evaluation.
Electrical resistivity tomography applied for monitoring backwash efficiency in drinking water filters
Authors: Lund Majbritt Deichgræber , Bording Thue , Andersen Theis Raaschou
Published: July 2022

Sustainable production of drinking water requires safe and efficient production, operation, and maintenance of the entire production line. Rapid gravity granular filters in water production require periodic backwash to ensure water quantity and quality. Therefore, an efficient backwash strategy plays a key role in ensuring a sustainable operation of the filters. In this study, a real-time monitoring method based on electrical resistivity tomography has been developed and tested at full scale for a period of six months in a rapid gravity granular filter during drinking water production. It provides proof of concept for a developed equipment and monitoring strategy within the given production environment. The time series of collected data, with different depth sensitivities of the upper 40 cm filter bed, demonstrates the temporal and spatial resolution capability of the method. Results show temporal development related to dynamic operation and backwash which in this study is combined with snapshot diagnostic tools and operational parameters to increase the spatial understanding of the active processes within the filter. These results suggest electrical resistivity tomography to be a suitable method for monitoring backwash efficiency.
L-Proline: A Versatile Organo-Catalyst in Organic Chemistry
Authors: Thorat Bapu R. , Mali Suraj N. , Wavhal Swati S. , Bhagat Devidas S. , Borade Ravikumar M. , Chapolikar A. , Gandhi Ajaykumar , Shinde Pawan
Published: July 2022

Background:

L-proline is a natural amino acid having secondary amine functionality
and acts as a bifunctional catalyst (organo-catalyst). The amino-functional group acts as Lewis
base type while carboxylic acids act as Brønsted acid type catalysts. It catalyzed different asymmetric
syntheses, including known reactions such as Aldol condensation, Mannich reaction, Michael
Addition, Knoevenagel condensation, Hantzsch synthesis, OXA-Michael Henry tandem,
Ullmann reactions, Wieland-Miescher ketone synthesis, Robinson annulation, Biginelli reaction, α-
amination. It is also an essential catalyst for synthesizing heterocyclic skeletons such as coumarin,
spiro-oxindoles, imidazoles, benzimidazoles, quinoxalines, podophyllotoxin, benzothiazoles, isoxazolidines,
phenothiazines, aziridine, indole, 1,5-benzodiazepines, pyridine, and quinazolines.

Objective:

In this review, we had the objective to critically summarize the use of proline and proline
derivatives as catalysts of multicomponent reactions performed in various media and leading
to synthetically and biologically relevant heterocycles, a very important class of compounds that
constitutes over 60% of drugs and agrochemicals.

Methods:

All scholarly articles for L-Proline catalyzed reactions were retrieved from ScienceDirect,
Google Scholar , PubMed, etc.

Results and Conclusion:

Given the importance of L-Proline based reactions, it has been observed
to have tremendous applications in organic chemistry. It can also act as a 'Green catalyst'.
Perspectives on Genetic Medicine for Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Smirnikhina Svetlana A.
Published: July 2022

Like any inherited protein deficiency disease, cystic fibrosis (CF) is a good candidate for
gene replacement therapy. Despite the tremendous efforts of scientists worldwide invested in developing
this approach, it did not lead to the expected results for various reasons discussed in this review. At
the same time, the emergence of new methods of genome editing, as well as their latest modifications,
makes it possible to bypass some of the problems of “classical” CF gene therapy. The review examines
potential therapeutic agents for CF gene therapy, methods and routes of delivery, as well as discusses
the problem of target cells for defect correction. Based on the results of these studies, editing
genetic defects in the basal cells of the lungs and their counterparts in other organs will make it possible
to create a drug for treating CF with a single administration.
Role of Glycine and Glycine Receptors in Vascular Endothelium: A New
Perspective for the Management of the Post-Ischemic Injury
Authors: Valdés-Jorquera Ricardo , Oviedo-Castro Leticia , Oliva Carolina A. , Mariqueo Trinidad A.
Published: July 2022

Glycine Receptors (GlyRs) are cell-surface transmembrane proteins that belong to the Cys-loop ligand-gated ion channels superfamily (Cys-loop LGICs). Functional glycine receptors are conformed only by α-subunits (homomeric channels) or by α- and β-subunits (heteromeric channels). The role of glycine as a cytoprotective is widely studied. New information about glycine modulation of vascular endothelial cells (ECs) function emerged last year. Glycine and its receptors are recognized to play a role as neurovascular protectors by a mechanism that involves α2GlyRs. Interestingly, the expression of α2GlyRs reduces after stroke injury. However, glycine reverses the inhibition of α2GlyRs by a mechanism involving the VEGF/pSTAT3 signaling. On the other hand, consistent evidence has demonstrated that ECs participate actively in the innate and adaptive immunological response. We recently reported that GlyRs are modulated by interleukin-1β, suggesting new perspectives to explain the immune modulation of vascular function in pathological conditions such as cerebrovascular stroke. In this work, we distinguish the role of glycine and the allosteric modulation of glycine receptors as a new therapeutic target to confront post-ischemic injury.
Effect and Mechanism of Resveratrol on Neurovascular Units in Rats with
Acute Cerebral Ischemia
Authors: Zhang Jin-Xia , Zhang Zhi-Yong , Li Shi-Ying , Liu Bin
Published: July 2022

The current study aimed to investigate the protective effect of resveratrol (RSV) on neurovascular
units (NVUs) in rats induced by acute cerebral ischemia. RSV could reduce the damage to I/R rats,
and the optimal concentration was 40 mg/kg/d. RSV may improve the permeability of the BBB and the
destruction of its ultrastructure by upregulating ZO-1, claudin-5, and occludin to reduce the degree of
brain edema after IR. Many structures in the NVUs were also damaged after I/R. RSV was found to have
a protective effect on NeuN, GFAP, and LN in the NVUs. With the extension of RSV administration
time, the protective effect became more significant. This protective effect may be related to the upregulation
of NeuN and LN and the inhibition of the expression of GFAP. RSV could reduce neuronal apoptosis
by upregulating XIAP and downregulating Smac and caspase-9. The inhibition of RSV on the increase in
glial cells may be related to the inhibition of connexin 43 protein expression. RSV could inhibit the content
of inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the brain tissue of IR rats. RSV has a protective
effect on the NVUs-induced injury, which may be related to the regulation of apoptosis and inflammatory
signal pathway.
Network Pharmacology-Based Prediction of Active Ingredients and Mechanisms
of Zanthoxyli Bungeanum Against Lung Carcinoma
Authors: Yang Qian , Shi Xiao-peng , Ma Shanbo , Chen Yuhan , Wang Jin , Li Long , Miao Shan
Published: July 2022

Background:

Zanthoxyli Bungeanum (ZB) has been reported to have an effect on lung
carcinoma (LC). However, the defined pharmacological mechanism of ZB on LC has not been expounded
completely because of the complicated ingredients.

Objective:

The aim of this work was to explore the active ingredients and mechanisms of ZB
against LC by network pharmacology.

Methods:

In this study, systemic network pharmacology was used to explore the underlying mechanism
of ZB, including pivotal components collection, target prediction, networks construction, Gene
Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment
analyses. At last, molecular docking was carried out to elucidate the involved pharmacological
mechanisms.

Results:

Twenty-eight potential active compounds with 317 related targets and 598 LC-related targets
were collected. Finally, 79 intersection targets were obtained use GO and KEGG pathway enrichment
analyses. Based on component-target-pathway network, quercetin, β-sitosterol, and β-
amyrin, and 6 targets were selected, including RAC-alpha serine/thre-onine-protein kinase (AKT1),
mitogen-active protein kinase1 (MAPK1), Transcription factor p65 (RELA), Caspase-9 (CASP9),
G1/S-specifi cyclin-D1 (CCND1), and PI3-kinase subunit gamma (PIK3CG); these six predicted
targets were highly involved in the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.

Conclusion:

The active ingredients and mechanisms of ZB against LC were firstly investigated using
network pharmacology. This work provides scientific evidence to support the clinical effect of
ZB on LC, new insights into the anti-LC mechanism of ZB, and guidance for further study.
WITHDRAWN: Second Cancer after Breast Cancer in Men
Authors: Geranpayeh Loabat , Rahimpour Ehsan
Published: July 2022

Since the authors are not responding to the editor’s requests to fulfill the editorial requirement, therefore, the article has been
withdrawn from the journal Current Cancer Therapy Reviews.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.

The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php.

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of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication.
Social Environment as a Precursor to Coronary Artery Disease in a Small, Resource-Limited Country
Authors: Bahall Mandreker
Published: July 2022

Background:

Coronary artery disease has been the most prevalent chronic disease over the last two decades. In Trinidad and Tobago—a small, high-income, resource-limited country the median age of presentation of, and premature death from, acute myocardial infarction is more than 12 years earlier to that in high-income, developed countries. This may be attributed to the increased risk of coronary artery disease that stem from the presence of precursors in the social environment.

Objective:

We aimed to explore the association between “social environment” and coronary artery disease in Trinidad and Tobago.

Methods:

This is a descriptive ecological study that assessed secondary data. Data were collected from multiple search engines and websites. Data on Trinidad and Tobago’s social environment were also accessed from the World Databank and the Central Intelligence Agency fact book and analyzed.

Results:

Coronary artery disease was fueled by personal choices that were influenced by the social environment (“fast food” outlets, inadequate sporting facilities, increased use of activity-saving tools [vehicles, phones, and online activities], smoking and alcohol accessibility, and social stressors [murder, family disputes, divorce, child abuse, kidnapping, and rape]). Food imports, as a percentage of merchandise imports, were at 11.42% (2015); the level of physical activity was low (<600 MET-minutes per week; 38 in 2016), and social stressors were high.

Conclusion:

The social environment has encouraged a “cardiotoxic” or “atherogenic” environment influencing behavior, eventually resulting in a continued high risk of coronary artery disease, presenting at a younger age.
A Mechanistic Study of the Antibacterial Activity of Phytoconstituents of
Pyracantha crenulata by Using Molecular Docking Studies
Authors: Bisht Gunjan , Singh Ankit Kumar , Kumar Adarsh , Kumar Pradeep
Published: July 2022

Background:

Bacteria cause various infections and are a threat to the health system.
This threat is increased due to the resistance of bacteria towards antibacterial drugs. Plants are an
important source of drugs including antibacterial agents. Pyracantha crenulata is one important
plant known for its different medicinal uses. It contains different phytoconstituents responsible for
its medicinal properties.
In cholera, ToxT (PDB ID: 3GBG) regulates the expression of virulence factors in Vibrio cholerae.
FtsZ (PDB ID: 6RVN) is a protein involved in cell division and septal wall synthesis in bacteria.
MurA (PDB ID: 3SWQ) is critical for the biosynthesis of the bacterial cell wall. Flavin
mononucleotide (FMN) (PDB ID: 3F2Q) is involved in the biosynthesis and transport of several
protein cofactors. In most of the studies on phytoconstituents, the mechanism of action is not
described. Therefore, in this study, the above target proteins were selected and specific target
inhibitors were used as standard drugs. In light of the above-mentioned facts, we have proposed a
mechanism of antibacterial action of phytoconstituents of Pyracantha crenulata based on
molecular docking studies.

Objective:

To propose a mechanism of antibacterial action of phytoconstituents of Pyracantha
crenulata based on molecular docking studies.

Methods:

Molecular docking studies of phytoconstituents of Pyracantha crenulata were performed
using the Maestro 12.8 module of Schrodinger software

Results:

Molecular docking results indicated that many constituents including rutin and phloridzin
had better dock scores than standard drugs against different antibacterial targets.

Conclusion:

From the molecular docking, different constituents may act as good inhibitors of
different proteins like phloridzin may act as potent inhibitors of 3GBG, 6RVN, and 3SWQ, which
can be used further for the development of new antibacterial agents
The Symbiotic Relationship Between Fungi and Plants
Authors: Roy Souvik , Choudhury Lopamudra
Published: July 2022

There are many non-saprophytic fungi that are involved in symbiotic
relationships with higher plants, which include both mutualism and parasitism. The
most common mutualistic relationship involving fungi belonging to Ascomycota,
Basidiomycota, or Zygomycota, and roots of 90% of all vascular land plants is termed
mycorrhiza. In this association, the fungus grows on ectomycorrhiza or in
endomycorrhiza, the roots of most terrestrial plants. The mycorrhizal fungus benefits
from the carbohydrates that the host plant provides, whereas the latter is benefitted
from the extensive fungal mycelia that have a greater surface area and penetrate not
only deep down but also go distantly within the soil to procure water and water-soluble
essential nutrients, especially nitrogen and phosphorus, for the host. Also, the
mycorrhizal fungi offer increased protection to their host plants against some
phytopathogens. As mycorrhizal associations are found in early fossil records, it is
believed that they allowed the early terrestrial plants to colonize and survive. Another
fungus–plant mutualism involves the endophytic fungi that usually dwell inside the
tissues of the host plant, release toxins to repel the herbivores, and also impart
resistance to the plant against environmental stresses. On the other hand, fungi parasitic
on host plants live in or on them, use specialised structures called haustoria to procure
nutrients from them, and produce necrosis-promoting enzymes. This may lead to some
of the most devastating diseases in the crop plants, eventually killing them and severely
affecting the country’s economy.
Plant Growth-promoting Fungi: Mechanisms and Applications
Authors: Sreedevi S. , Padmalatha P. , Shukla Anjana
Published: July 2022

Soil is one of the main habitats of fungi and bacteria, and their interactions
with the host plant help and promote plant growth and productivity in agriculture.
Agronomists and environmentalists are focussing on sustainably managing the
agroecosystem by using plant growth-promoting microbes (PGPM). They include
bacteria called plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and fungi referred to as
plant growth-promoting fungi (PGPF). Plant growth-promoting fungi (PGPF) are
nonpathogenic soil-borne fungi that establish a positive interaction with plants in the
rhizosphere. PGPF can improve crop productivity by improving seed germination
vigour root and shoot morphogenesis, and flowering through direct or indirect
mechanisms, which include solubilizing nutrients, regulating hormones, producing
enzymes, organic compounds, resistance to abiotic stress, and suppressing
phytopathogens. The utilization of PGPF can be considered an eco-friendly method of
improving crop production. The potential effective microbes may also be added in the
form of biopesticides and biofertilizers promoting the growth of plants. The use of new
biotechnological tools to aid genetic engineering of the PGPF has resulted in genetic
transformation and overexpression of synergistic action of one or more traits, which
could enhance plant growth, confer improved crop benefits, and produce sustainable
yield. The chapter describes the diversity of PGPF found in the soil and their role in
promoting plant growth and yield. The chapter also discusses the various mechanisms
of PGPF interactions with plants and their beneficial roles in promoting crop
productivity leading to sustainable agriculture.
Marine Fungal Metabolites: Source of Nextgeneration Antibiotics for Human Microbial Pathogens
Authors: Suresh. J Immanuel , S Abinayalakshmi
Published: July 2022

Fungi are heterotrophic eukaryotes that feed on dead and decaying matter. The relationship that Fungi hold with their hosts is mutualistic and beneficial for both. Fungi usually grow in a terrestrial place that has moisture content and a carbon source. In marine microorganisms, fungi have great importance due to their significance in pharmacology and ecology. Marine fungi have high chemical and biological properties and are rich in secondary metabolites. They possess antibiotic, antiviral, antifungal, anti-yeast, and stimulant properties. Biological factors are mainly either antibiotic or anticancer. The strains of the genera Penicillium, Emericellopsis, and Simplicillums show high action, whereas the species Aspergillus oryzae (G3) and Penicillium chrysogenum (AN12) have high antioxidant properties. In ecology, the straminipile fungi of mangrove habitats play a very good role in recycling nutrients. The antibacterial property of marine fungi can be determined with the help of a scanning electron microscope. Marine fungi act against parasites at various tropical levels. Auxiliary parasitic metabolites are assumed to be a significant part, especially against horrendous infections. The bioactive compounds from fungi are known for their activities against various pathogens, particularly as potential sources for new anti-plasmodial drugs. Studies suggest that the annual number of new fungal metabolites is getting increased.
Red Oleaginous Yeast: Powerhouse of Basidiomycetes
Authors: Sinha Sweta , Jawed Arshad , Reddy D. Madhusudhan , Paul Debarati
Published: July 2022

Oleaginous red yeast belongs to the group basidiomycetes. The oleaginous yeast(s) of genus Rhodosporidium/ Rhodutorula is a single-cell mono or di-morphic, teleomorphic, and anamorphic yeast that reproduce sexually and asexually. Numerous species from these “red yeast” generate industrial bioproducts such as lipids, carotenoids, enzymes, biosurfactants, etc.. Their potential to grow on various carbon sources, comparatively simple large-scale cultivation, plethora of knowledge, and availability of several genetic tools encourage their use for devising sustainable biomanufacturing processes. Oleaginous red yeast can accumulate more than 70% of lipids as compared to other fungi. This property makes it attractive to produce 3rd generation biofuel. They accumulate high concentrations of carotenoid pigments that can be employed as nutraceuticals, giving their colonies a distinctive color range of orange, red, or pink. Carotenoids are a set of bioactive compounds that are synthesized by plants and microorganisms in response to different environmental conditions. In general, the chemical synthesis of biofuels generates hazardous wastes; therefore, the microbial production of carotenoids has garnered huge interest due to its benefits, e.g., low-cost substrates, lower production costs, minimal hazardous waste or by-products, etc.. Its color and antioxidant properties make carotene remarkably interesting in the food, feed, and pharmaceutical industries. The basidiomycete oleaginous red yeast accumulates and stores hydrocarbon-rich fats, also known as lipids, as primary metabolites during the early log phase and pigments like carotenoids as their secondary metabolite during the late stationary phase of growth from varied carbon sources, thus making it a powerhouse of yeast.
Communication in the teaching-learning process in linguistic expression in high school students
Authors: Chinga-Zambrano Lizzed Enedina , Muñoz-Ponce Holger José
Published: July 2022

The objective of the work consists of offering an analytical contribution linked to the problem of communication as part of the teaching-educational process, in the interest of motivating teachers in the reflection and study of the theoretical components that provide the improvement of the linguistic expression of the students of the medium basic level. The importance of the work lies in the very fact that oral communication and language are primary processes to develop knowledge, since the work of learning where teachers and students intervene starts from them. The deductive method was applied, which allowed starting from the general situation presented by communication in the teaching-learning process in the linguistic expression of the students, considering that the results of the analysis related to the training process and within this the role it plays. the teacher, is key to improving students' linguistic expression.
"Waarom praten we niet met elkaar?"
Authors: AGORA Hoofdredactie
Published: July 2022

Er kunnen verschillende perspectieven op erfgoed bestaan. Met name rondom standbeelden ontstaat de laatste tijd veel discussie over welke perspectieven op de geschiedenis een plek in de publieke ruimte verdienen. Hoog tijd om uit te zoeken hoe je verschillende perspectieven kunt meenemen in beleid rondom standbeelden.
Early Language Learning in Context
Authors: Hayes David
Published: July 2022

This book critically analyzes early school foreign language teaching policy and practice across six geographical contexts. Criticizing the worldwide trend for a focus on English, it argues for a broader perspective that values multilingualism and knowledge of regional and indigenous languages alongside a more diverse range of foreign languages.
Playground Inclusivity for Children With a Disability: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Taylor Leah G , Vanderloo Leigh M , Arbour-Nicitopoulos Kelly P , Leo Jennifer , Gilliland Jason , Tucker Patricia
Published: July 2022

Background

Although playgrounds are designed to promote outdoor play, children with disabilities may be unable to engage in these spaces due to intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Previous research has examined inclusive/accessible playground design when developing new playgrounds; however, it is unclear if there is a best-practice tool for evaluating the inclusivity of existing playground structures.

Objective

A scoping review of both peer-reviewed and grey literature will be employed to explore evaluation tools for playground inclusivity, to enable the participation of children with disabilities.

Methods

The conduct of this study will adhere to the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. A search for peer-reviewed research studies will be conducted in the following electronic databases: MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL, and Embase. Grey literature will be examined via a three-step process: (1) a search in the Canadian Health Research Collection Database; (2) a targeted Google search; and (3) reference list searching. Titles, abstracts, keywords, and full texts of identified studies will be independently screened for inclusion by two reviewers. A synthesis of included articles will describe the publication and auditing tool details. A summary of the findings will highlight the types of playgrounds measured, types of disability considered, measures of inclusion used, and psychometric properties.

Results

Database searches for peer-reviewed articles were completed in December 2021. A total of 1471 unique records were returned after the removal of 559 duplicate records. Full texts of 167 studies meeting eligibility criteria will be reviewed. The peer-reviewed research search will guide the grey literature search. The scoping review is planned for completion in 2022.

Conclusions

A rigorous search of the literature will determine the availability of tools for evaluating existing playground structures for the inclusivity of children with disabilities. The results will inform recommendations on tool applications, and applicable knowledge translation activities.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/37312
Strengthening the One Health Approach in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (Preprint)
Authors: Hailat Ekhlas , Amiri Mirwais , Debnath Nitish , Rahman Mahmudur , Nurul Islam Md , Fatima Zahida , Khader Yousef , Al Nsour Mohannad
Published: July 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

One Health aims to use a multidisciplinary approach to combat health threats at animal, human, and environmental health interfaces. Among its broad focus areas are issues related to food safety, the control of zoonoses, laboratory services, neglected tropical diseases, environmental health, biosafety and biosecurity, and combatting antimicrobial resistance. A roundtable session was conducted on November 18, 2021, as part of the Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network's (EMPHNET) seventh regional conference to highlight what role Global Health Development (GHD)|EMPHNET can play to strengthen the One Health approach. This viewpoint summarizes the findings of the roundtable discussion to highlight the experts’ viewpoints on strengthening the One Health approach, including the extent of zoonotic diseases and the dynamics of pathogens and emerging diseases; the occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens as a silent pandemic; issues surrounding the globalization of trade and food safety; the importance of integrated solutions as a new norm; issues around the institutionalization and governance toward effective operationalization of the One Health approach in the region; and how the One Health approach can be operationalized at global, regional, and local levels. The panel concluded that One Health is an integrated unifying approach that aims to sustainably balance and optimize the health of people, animals, and ecosystems, and provided recommendations to strengthen the One Health approach. It also discussed how GHD|EMPHNET can play its role in transferring the concept of One Health from theory to practice via a solid operationalization road map guide at the Eastern Mediterranean region level. The five broad priority areas of this operational guide include (1) establishing and strengthening a governance architecture, legal framework, and policy and advocacy structure for One Health operationalization in the region; (2) fostering coordination, communication, and collaboration for One Health actions across the region and beyond; (3) building the workforce capacity for effective One Health operationalization in the region; (4) supporting regional platforms for timely, effective, and efficient data sharing and exchange on all One Health–related issues; and (5) supporting risk communication, behavior change communication, and community engagement efforts in the region.
High-dimensional analysis of finger motion and screening of cervical myelopathy with a non-contact sensor: a diagnostic case-control study (Preprint)
Authors: Koyama Takafumi , Matsui Ryota , Yamamoto Akiko , Yamada Eriku , Norose Mio , Ibara Takuya , Kaburagi Hidetoshi , Nimura Akimoto , Sugiura Yuta , Saito Hideo , Okawa Atsushi , Fujita Koji
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

Cervical myelopathy (CM) causes several symptoms such as clumsiness of the hands, and often requires surgery. Screening and early diagnosis of CM are important because some patients are unaware of their early symptoms and consult a surgeon only after their condition has become severe. The 10-second hand grip and release (10-s) test is commonly used to check for the presence of CM. The test is simple, but would be more useful for screening if it could objectively evaluate the changes in movement specific to CM. A previous study analyzed finger movements in the 10-s test using the Leap Motion, a non-contact sensor, and a system was developed that can diagnose CM with high sensitivity and specificity using machine learning. However, the previous study had limitations in that the system recorded a few parameters and did not differentiate CM from other hand disorders.

OBJECTIVE

To develop a system that can diagnose CM with higher sensitivity and specificity, and distinguish CM from carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), a common hand disorder. We then validated the system with a modified Leap Motion that can record the joints of each finger.

METHODS

In total, 31, 27, and 29 participants were recruited into the CM, CTS, and control groups, respectively. We developed a system using Leap Motion that recorded 229 parameters of finger movements while participants gripped and released their fingers as rapidly as possible. A support vector machine was used for machine learning to develop the binary classification model and calculated the sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC). We developed two models, one to diagnose CM among the CM and control groups (CM/control model), and the other to diagnose CM among the CM and non-CM groups (CM/non-CM model).

RESULTS

The CM/control model indexes were as follows: sensitivity, 74.2%; specificity, 89.7%; AUC, 0.82. The CM/non-CM model indexes were as follows: sensitivity, 71.0%; specificity, 72.8.7%; AUC, 0.74.

CONCLUSIONS

We developed a screening system capable of diagnosing CM with higher sensitivity and specificity. This system can differentiate CM from CTS patients as well as healthy subjects and has the potential to screen for CM in a variety of subjects.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.1097/BRS.0000000000004243
On the Translation of Chinese Webcomics: A Case Study of My Dear Highness
Authors: Liu Peng , Yu Fu-ting
Published: July 2022

This paper discusses how to translate Chinese webcomic strips using My Dear Highness as an example. In our translation practice, such methods as variation translation, omission, and shift were adopted to deal with address forms or lengthy sentences, while free translation was used to deal with four-character structures and culture-loaded words or phrases in the original text to the effect that the intended meaning of the source text can be accurately conveyed to target readers under a multimodal context. We believe that whatever methods are used, the ultimate purpose of translation remains the same, and that is, the reading experience provided by the original text can be restored to the greatest possible extent.
The Living Predicaments of Chinese-Australians in Brian Castro’s Birds of Passage
Authors: Zhang Qi , Tang Lijun
Published: July 2022

This thesis studies the two protagonists in Birds of Passage: Lo Yunshan and Seamus O’Young, analyzing their living predicaments and the fate of being discriminated against in Australian. With Said’s Orientalism as its guiding theory, this thesis analyzes from two perspectives: individual and society. It reveals that the essence of living predicaments of Chinese-Australians is the imbalance of relationship between man and society, man and the self. Meanwhile, the loss of discourse power leads them to be discriminated against in the whites dominated society. The aim of this thesis is to enable readers to understand the living predicaments of Chinese-Australian in different times and inspire people to care about the living conditions of Chinese-Australian in modern times.