bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fabrication and Static Bending Properties of 3D Printed Zirconia Part via Digital Light Processing Method
Authors: Wang Boran , Arab Ali , Xie Jing , Chen Pengwan
Published: December 2021

Zirconia is widely applied as an implant due to its’ excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties such as high hardness and extraordinary resistance to wear and corrosion. However, these outstanding mechanical properties make it challenging to fabricate Zirconia into complex shapes using conventional manufacturing techniques. In the current study, the digital light processing method was used to manufacture the Zirconia part. Its mechanical property was evaluated via a three-point bending test with digital image correlation and fractography analysis. The 3D-printed Zirconia sample had a relative density of approximately 98.8% and a Vickers hardness value of 1128 HV. The flexural strength under parallel and vertical bending loads (with respect to the printing direction) were 56.63±3.97MPa and 70.98±6.62MPa, respectively. Surrounding by a few dense layers, the interior of the sintered sample was interlaced with needle-like and winding cracks. Under the three-point bending, the cracks initiated at the bottom surface due to the tension effect and propagated faster along the width direction than the thickness direction. There was a large area of cleavage morphology in the dense boundary layers, whereas the plastic fracture mode also appeared in the interior of the sintered samples. The digital light processing method is expected to be comparable to other advanced ceramic processing techniques for fabricating spatial lattice structural products.
First Biphotochromic Fluorescent Protein moxSAASoti Stabilized for Oxidizing Environment
Authors: Marynich Nadya , Khrenova Mariya , Gavshina Alexandra , Solovyev Ilya , Savitsky Alexander
Published: December 2021

Biphotochromic proteins simultaneously possesses reversible photoswitching (on-to-off) and irreversible photoconversion (green-to-red). High photochemical reactivity of cysteine residues is one of the reasons for the development of “mox”-monomeric and oxidation resistant proteins. Based on site-saturated simultaneous two points C105 and C117 mutagenesis we have chosen the C21N/C71G/C105G/C117T/C175A as the moxSAASoti variant, since its on-to-off photoswitching rate is higher, off-to-on recovery is more complete and photoconversion rates are higher than for the mSAASoti. We analyzed the conformational behavior of the F177 side chain by classical MD simulations. The conformational flexibility of the F177 side chain is mainly responsible for the off-to-on conversion rate changes and can be further utilized as a measure of the conversion rate. Point mutations in the mSAASoti mainly affect the pKa values of the red form and the off-to-on switching. We demonstrate that the microscopic measure of the observed pKa value is the C – O bond length in the phenyl fragment of the neutral chromophore. According to the molecular dynamic simulations with the QM/MM potentials, larger C – O bond lengths are found for proteins with larger pKa. This feature can be utilized for prediction of the pKa values of red fluorescent proteins.
A Novel Method of Piggyback Jejunal Interposition Reconstruction Single-Tract Reconstruction After Proximal Gastrectomy for Siewert II and III Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagogastric Junction with a Diameter <4 cm
Authors: Ma Yuchao , Dong Jianhong , Ren Baoqing , Zhang Wanhong , Lei Liqiang , Xu Ning , Li Linjie
Published: December 2021

Background Digestive tract reconstruction after proximal gastrectomy (PG) has been extensively discussed. Herein, we introduce a novel method of PG with piggyback jejunal interposition reconstruction single-tract reconstruction (PJIRSTR) for Siewert II and III adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG) with a diameter <4 cm, and investigate its safety, practicability, and short-term and long-term clinical outcomes of this procedure. Method The clinical data of 33 patients with Siewert II or Siewert III AEG who underwent PJIRSTR in Shanxi Cancer Hospital from July 2013 to November 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Data of clinicopathologic characteristics, postoperative and surgical outcomes, and follow-up findings, especially postoperative reflux esophagitis and postoperative reflux symptoms, were analyzed.Results The mean operation time was 136.7±22.4 (range: 110-180) min, including 32.3 ± 5.0(range: 26-45) min of the digestive tract reconstruction; the mean estimated blood loss was 87.6±18.1 mL; the mean number of dissected lymph nodes was 14.7±5.1; and the mean duration of postoperative hospitalization was 7.5±1.2 days. The early complication rate was 9% (n=3), including one case each of anastomotic bleeding, incision infection, and ileus. The late complication rate was 6% (n=2): both patients had gastroesophageal reflux symptoms (Visick grade II), but only one patient had Los Angeles grade B reflux esophagitis by endoscopy. Conclusion PJIRSTR is a safe, feasible, and innovative reconstruction method after PG for patients with Siewert II and III AEG with a diameter <4 cm. Furthermore, it has excellent efficiency in terms of preventing reflux symptoms and reflux esophagitis after surgery.
Silicon Concentrations and Stoichiometry in Two Agricultural Watersheds: Implications for Management and Downstream Water Quality
Authors: Sethna Lienne R. , Royer Todd V. , Speir Shannon L. , Trentman Matt T. , Mahl Ursula H. , Hagemeier Leah P. , Tank Jennifer L.
Published: December 2021

Agriculture alters the biogeochemical cycling of nutrients such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and silicon (Si) which contributes to the stoichiometric imbalance among these nutrients in aquatic systems. Limitation of Si relative to N and P can facilitate the growth of non-siliceous, potentially harmful, algal taxa which has severe environmental and economic impacts. Planting winter cover crops can retain N and P on the landscape, yet their effect on Si concentrations and stoichiometry is unknown. We analyzed three years of biweekly concentrations and loads of dissolved N, P, and Si from subsurface tile drains and stream water in two agricultural watersheds in northern Indiana. Intra-annual patterns in Si concentrations and stoichiometry showed that cover crop vegetation growth did not reduce in-stream Si concentrations as expected, although, compared to fallow conditions, winter cover crops increased Si:N ratios to conditions more favorable for diatom growth. To assess the risk of non-siliceous algal growth, we calculated a stoichiometric index to quantify biomass growth facilitated by excess N and P relative to Si. Index values showed a divergence between predicted algal growth and what we observed in the streams, indicating other factors influence algal community composition. The stoichiometric imbalance was more pronounced at high flows, suggesting increased risk of harmful blooms as environmental change increases the frequency and intensity of precipitation in the midwestern U.S. Our data include some of the first measurements of Si within small agricultural watersheds and provide the groundwork for understanding the role of agriculture on Si export and stoichiometry.
Multi-track, Multi-layer Dendrite Growth and Solid Phase Transformation Analysis during Additive Manufacturing of H13 Tool Steel Using a Combined Hybrid Cellular Automata/Phase Field and Solid-state Phase Prediction Models
Authors: Bailey Neil , Shin Yung C.
Published: December 2021

Using an efficient hybrid Cellular Automata/Phase Field (CA-PF) dendrite growth modeling in combination with a solid phase transformation model, microstructure evolution and solid-phase transformation were predicted during laser direct deposition (LDD) of H13 tool steel powder across multiple tracks and layers. Temperature and surface geometry data were provided by a comprehensive physics-based laser deposition model. The computational efficiency of the CA-PF model allows for simulating domains large enough to capture dendrite growth across an entire molten pool and into neighboring LDD tracks. The microstructure of the target track is strongly affected by heat from neighboring tracks including re-melting and re-solidification, and martensite tempering. Dendrite size and growth direction across the entire fusion zone, as well as predicted hardness values, are found to be in good agreement with experimental results.
DnaJ, A Promising Vaccine Candidate Against Ureaplasma Urealyticum Infection
Authors: Guo Fangyi , Tang Yanhong , Zhang Wenjun , Yuan Hongxia , Xiang Jing , Teng Wenyou , Li Ranhui , Dai Guozhi
Published: December 2021

Background: Ureaplasma urealyticum (Uu) is an important sexually transmitted pathogen that is responsible for diseases such as non-gonococcal urethritis, chorioamnionitis and neonatal respiratory diseases. The rapid emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria threatens the effective treatment of U. urealyticum infections. Considering this, vaccination could be an efficacious medical intervention to prevent U. urealyticum infection and disease. As a highly conserved molecular chaperone, DnaJ is expressed and upregulated by pathogens soon after infection. Here, we assessed the potential of recombinant DnaJ vaccine in a mouse model and dendritic cells (DCs). Results: The results showed that intramuscular administration of recombinant DnaJ induced robust humoral- and T helper (Th) 1 cell-mediated immune responses and protected against cervical infection, inflammation, and the pathologic sequelae after U. urealyticum infection. Importantly, DnaJ also induced the maturation of mouse bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs), ultimately promoting naïve T-cell differentiation towards the Th1 phenotype. In addition, adoptive immunisation of DnaJ-pulsed BMDCs elicited antigen-specific immunoglobulin G2 antibodies as well as a Th1-biased cellular response in mice. Conclusion: We concluded that DnaJ can be a promising vaccine candidate to control U. urealyticum infections.
Active Optical Signal Conditioning and Monitoring System
Authors: Chatterjee Kalipada , Sahu Subrat , Arumuru Venugopal , jha Rajan
Published: December 2021

An optical signal conditioning technique for dynamic modulation of signals and real-time monitoring of events is pivotal for developing various optical systems at micro/nano dimensions. The utilities of such technique include controllable signal enhancement and distinctive response towards external stimuli, with reconfigurable operational range. Here, we propose and demonstrate an optical technique based on the parallel integration of fiber modal interferometers for optical response enhancement and multi-signal monitoring. Overlap of the interferometers’ characteristic spectra facilitates controllable signal filtering, attenuation, and amplification of interferometer’s response towards dynamic field over wide frequency range of 1 Hz – 1 kHz. Signal to noise ratio (SNR) enhancement of 9 dB is achieved by applying 1 volt about the reference interferometer. The system enables real-time modulation of optical signals and multipoint signal monitoring using machine learning for various applications such as mechanical vibrations, acoustic fields, biological samples, fluid movement, and other similar dynamic fields.
Optimal Design of a Standalone Hybrid Energy System for a COVID-19 Quarantine Center Energization
Authors: El-Khozondar Hala , El-batta Fady , EL-Khozondar Rifa , Alramlawi Mansour
Published: December 2021

This work is motivated by the need to overcome the electricity crises in Gaza that is initiated in Gaza due to political reasons. In addition, it is related to current situation in the world in particular the spread of COVID-19. Building quarantine centers is one of the most important means used in combating the Corona epidemic, but connecting these centers to the electricity distribution network at the appropriate time is not always possible and increases the burden on the local utility company. This paper proposed a Hybrid off-grid Energy System (HES) to effectively energies the quarantine centers economically and environmentally. To achieve this aim, the load profile of the quarantine center is estimated, the system components are modeled and the system design is optimized. In addition, the developed approach was tested using a real case study considering realistic input data. HOMER-pro program is used to simulate and optimize the system design. The results revealed the potential of the HES to provide environment-friendly, cost-effective, and affordable electricity for the studied quarantine center, as compared to only diesel generators system. For the considered case study, it is found that the PV-Wind-Diesel hybrid power system is able to cover the connected load with the lowest cost in comparison to other possible HES structures. It also environmentally friendly as it has the least harmful emissions. Finally, it is proved that the developed approach gives a reasonable solution to the decision-makers to find a fast, economic and reliable solution to energies the quarantine centers.
Clinical Analysis of NMOSD with Area Postrema Syndrome as Initial Symptom
Authors: Liu Ting , Li Lijuan , Liang BinJi , Li Xian , Ma Lin
Published: December 2021

Objective: Patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disease (NMOSD) with the initial manifestation of area postrema syndrome (APS) often have unexplained nausea and vomiting and are easily misdiagnosed for the NMOSD. The purpose of this study was to report and discuss clinical analysis, including diagnosis and treatment of 4 cases of NMOSD with APS as the first symptom.Methods: Four patients with intractable nausea and vomiting were selected for the analysis and finally the cases were confirmed for the NMOSD. All of these patients started with misdiagnosis and mismanagement initially.Results: Among the 4 patients included in this study, 3 were admitted to the department of gastroenterology at the onset of the disease, and 2 of them were not correctly diagnosed and treated on time due to misdiagnosis. Therefore, their symptoms worsened, and they needed to be transferred to ICU for life support. No obvious early medulla lesions were found in one patient. One patient was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin, methylprednisolone, and plasma exchange but there was no significant clinical improvement, and then the disease was relapsed during the treatment with low-dose rituximab.Conclusion: The clinical manifestations of NMOSD are complex and diverse, and the initial symptoms, onset age of the patient, and MRI findings can all influence the clinicians' judgment of the disease. Early identification of the APS and timely therapy can prevent visual and physical disabilities, even respiratory failure and cardiac arrest. Therefore, it is necessary to identify specific and sensitive serum and imaging markers for predicting the prognosis and recurrence of the disease.
Investigation on the Influence of Weld Position on the Deformation Behavior of Welded Tube During Free Bending Process
Authors: Cheng Cheng , Pan Chao , Bai Xueshan , Liu Chunmei , Guo Xunzhong
Published: December 2021

The non-uniform distribution of the mechanical properties of welded tube would affect the plastic deformation behavior of tube during the free bending process. To explore the influence of weld position on the forming quality and axis dimensional accuracy of welded tube, the free bending experiment and numerical simulation of welded tube were conducted in this paper. First, the principle of free bending was theoretical deduced and the stress distribution of bent tube was analyzed. Then the hardness test and uniaxial tensile test were conducted to obtain the mechanical properties of weld zone and parent zone of welded tube. The material strength in the weld zone of welded tube is significantly higher than that in the parent zone. Finally, the free bending experiment and numerical simulation with different weld position were carried out, and the influence of weld position on the bending radius, cross-sectional distortion and wall thickness of bent tube was discussed. All these findings advance the insight into the free bending deformation behavior of welded tube and help to improve the forming quality of welded tube and facilitate the application of free bending technology in welded tube.
Breast cancer awareness and downstaging practices among adult women in the Gulu City Main Market, Northern Uganda: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Ayugi Joyce , Ndagijimana George , Luyima Stanley , Kitara David Lagoro
Published: December 2021

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers that occur worldwide among women. There were more disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost to breast cancer among women worldwide than any other cancers, and DALYs occurred in women globally after puberty, with increasing rates later in life. Improvements in breast cancer survival began in the 1980s in countries where early detection programs combined with different modes of treatment to eradicate the invasive form of the disease were practiced. Recent data showed that there was a higher prevalence of breast cancer among women in Northern Uganda than among women in the rest of Uganda.The objective of this study was to determine factors associated with breast cancer awareness, breast self-examination (BSE), clinical breast examination (CBE), and other modalities for screening and early breast cancer detection among adult women in the Gulu main market.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Gulu main market in 2020. A total of 98 adult women were recruited for the study by a random sampling method. The questionnaire had an internal validity of Cronbach’s α=0.72. The study was approved by a local IRB. SPSS version 26.0 was used for data analysis, and a p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant.Results: Most participants were 20-29 years 41(41.8%), married 44(44.9%), monthly incomes of >UGX1 million shillings 51(52.2%), Acholi 81(82.7%), Catholics 46(46.9%), vendors 75(76.5%), duration of work in the market (1-10 years) 64(65.4%), primary level of education 39(39.8%), and had 1-2 pregnancies 37(37.8%). The independent factors associated with breast cancer awareness, breast self-examination, and clinical breast examination were vendor (primary occupation) (β=-0.130, t=-2.979, p<0.004), duration of work in the market (1-10 years) (β=-0.186, t=-2.452, p<0.016), and higher level of education (β=-0.091, t=-2.506, p<0.014).Conclusions: Breast cancer awareness and downstaging practices in adult women in the Gulu main market were thought-provoking. Women with better socioeconomic status (higher education, moderate work duration in the market and primarily vendors) in the Gulu main market were more likely aware and practiced breast cancer downstaging activities. There is a need to strengthen publicity on breast cancer-related knowledge for lower-income occupational groups and those with lower education levels to better understand the importance of conducting BSE, CBE, and mammography for early breast cancer detection.
Fracture Evolution Between Blasting Roof Cutting Holes in a Mining Stress Environment
Authors: Tu Min , Zhao Gaoming , Zhang Xiangyang , Bu Qingwei , Dang Jiaxin
Published: December 2021

Blasting roof cutting and pressure relief is an effective technical way to solve the problem of thick and hard roof. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to carry out research on the evolution of cracks between the cut holes of the blasting roof. The univariate comparative analysis method is used to analyze the evolution law of the fissures between the cuts under different factors. Furthermore, it is concluded that the broken zone and fissure zone of the surrounding rock of the single-hole blasting hole wall are symmetrically distributed in the confining pressure environment, and the fissure zone and the surrounding rock fissure zone between the holes show an "X"-shaped continuous ev olution. By analyzing the evolution law of cracks between blasting holes, the critical discriminant equation of penetration between blasting holes under mining stress environment is given, which is used to optimize the technical plan of blasting roof cutting. Engineering practice shows that the blasting roof cutting scheme has achieved a good seam effect, creating good initial conditions for the cutting of thick and hard roofs.
Photosynthetic enhancement, lifespan extension, and leaf area enlargement in flag leaves increased the yield of transgenic rice plants overproducing Rubisco under sufficient N fertilization
Authors: Tanaka Marin , Keira Mamoru , Yoon Dong-Kyung , Mae Tadahiko , Ishida Hiroyuki , Makino Amane , Ishiyama Keiki
Published: December 2021

Background: Improvement in photosynthesis is one of the most promising approaches to increase grain yields in crop plants. In our previous research using an isolated experimental paddy field, transgenic rice plants overproducing Rubisco by 30% (RBCS-sense rice plants) showed up to 28% increase in grain yields under sufficient nitrogen (N) fertilization. Furthermore, the plant N contents above-ground sections and Rubisco contents of the flag leaves were higher in the RBCS-sense rice plants than the wild-type rice plants during the ripening period, which may be reasons for the increased yields.Result: In this research, the photosynthetic capacity and canopy architecture were analyzed to explore factors for the increased yields of RBCS-sense rice plants. It was found that N had already been preferentially distributed into the flag leaves at the early ripening stage, contributing to maintaining higher Rubisco content levels in the enlarged flag leaves and extending the lifespan of the flag leaves of RBCS-sense rice plants throughout ripening periods under sufficient N fertilization. The higher amounts of Rubisco also improved the photosynthetic activity in the flag leaves throughout the ripening period. Although the enlarged flag leaves of the RBCS-sense rice plants occupied large spatial areas of the uppermost layer in the canopy, no significant prevention of light penetration to leaves below the flag leaves was observed. Additionally, since the CO2 assimilation rates of lower leaves between wild-type and RBCS-sense rice plants were the same at the early ripening stage, the lower leaves did not contribute to an increase in yields between the two genotypes.Conclusion: It was concluded that improvements in the photosynthetic capacity by higher leaf N and Rubisco contents, enlarged the leaf area, and extended the lifespan of flag leaves, causing an increase in grain yields of RBCS-sense rice plants grown under sufficient N fertilization.
Supervised learning techniques to predict compounds in pathway modules based on molecular properties
Authors: Juan Liu , Ali Hayat , Yang Zihyi , Zhang xiaolie , Feng Jing
Published: December 2021

Machine learning algorithms provide significant indications in metabolomics to predict chemical compounds in metabolic pathways and in their modules. The modules in the metabolic pathway are sub networks of functionally related genes based on rules such as protein-protein interactions, co-regulated expression, coordinated physiological activity, and successive reaction steps. Fully functional modules are helpful to improve the diseases process, drug discover, and prediction of missing reaction. All modules in the metabolic pathway are not functional due to missing reaction steps. The structural mapping of chemical compounds with the pathway module is helpful to understand the mechanism of prediction unknown reaction step. The main purpose of this paper to predict the chemical compounds in pathway modules and their classes. We have constructed binary and multi-label classification data sets to predict pathway module and module classes, respectively. In order to identify the pathway module and its classes, we have built an ensemble Extra trees classifier to learn the molecular and atomic properties of chemical compounds. We have also experimented with different ensemble machine learning algorithm for the prediction of pathway modules. The overall prediction rate of the classifier 98.59%, indicating extra tree classifier features are more interpretable and have a high predictive performance on various tasks.
Machine Learning Methods for Predicting Long-term Mortality in Patients after Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Yu Yue , Peng Chi , Zhang Zhiyuan , Shen Kejia , Zhang Yufeng , Xiao Jian , Xi Wang , Wang Pei , Jin Zhichao , Wang Zhinong
Published: December 2021

Background

Establishing a mortality prediction model of patients undergoing cardiac surgery might be useful for clinicians for alerting, judgment, and intervention, while few predictive tools for long-term mortality have been developed targeting patients post-cardiac surgery.
Objective

We aimed to construct and validate several machine learning (ML) algorithms to predict long-term mortality and identify risk factors in unselected patients after cardiac surgery during a 4-year follow-up.
Methods

The Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC-III) database was used to perform a retrospective administrative database study. Candidate predictors consisted of the demographics, comorbidity, vital signs, laboratory test results, prognostic scoring systems, and treatment information on the first day of ICU admission. 4-year mortality was set as the study outcome. We used the ML methods of logistic regression (LR), artificial neural network (NNET), naïve bayes (NB), gradient boosting machine (GBM), adapting boosting (Ada), random forest (RF), bagged trees (BT), and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGB). The prognostic capacity and clinical utility of these ML models were compared using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC), calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA).
Results

Of 7,368 patients in MIMIC-III included in the final cohort, a total of 1,337 (18.15%) patients died during a 4-year follow-up. Among 65 variables extracted from the database, a total of 25 predictors were selected using recursive feature elimination (RFE) and included in the subsequent analysis. The Ada model performed best among eight models in both discriminatory ability with the highest AUC of 0.801 and goodness of fit (visualized by calibration curve). Moreover, the DCA shows that the net benefit of the RF, Ada, and BT models surpassed that of other ML models for almost all threshold probability values. Additionally, through the Ada technique, we determined that red blood cell distribution width (RDW), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), SAPS II, anion gap (AG), age, urine output, chloride, creatinine, congestive heart failure, and SOFA were the Top 10 predictors in the feature importance rankings.
Conclusions

The Ada model performs best in predicting long-term mortality after cardiac surgery among the eight ML models. The ML-based algorithms might have significant application in the development of early warning systems for patients following operations.
“Taking Care of Your Pregnancy”: A mixed-methods study of group antenatal care in Kakamega County, Kenya
Authors: Somji Aleefia , Ramsey Kate , Dryer Sean , Makokha Fredrick , Ambasa Constance , Aryeh Brittany , Booth Kathleen , Xueref Serge , Moore Seneca , Mwenesi Ralpher , Rashid Shafia
Published: December 2021

Background

Traditional antenatal care (ANC) models often do not meet women’s needs for information, counseling, and support, resulting in gaps in quality and coverage. Group ANC (GANC) provides an alternative, person-centered approach where pregnant women of similar gestational age meet with the same health provider for facilitated discussion. There are few studies that show associations between GANC and various outcomes.
Methods

We used mixed methods to evaluate a contextualized GANC model (Lea Mimba Pregnancy Clubs) and to understand implementation experiences at six health facilities in Kakamega County, Kenya. Between April 2018 and January 2019, we tracked 1,652 women who were assigned to 162 GANC cohorts to assess ANC retention. Using an intention-to-treat approach, we conducted baseline (N = 112) and endline surveys (N = 360) with women attending immunization visits to assess outcomes and used time diaries to assess wait times. At endline, we conducted 29 in-depth interviews (IDIs) and three focus group discussions with women who were currently and previously participating in GANC, and 15 IDIs with stakeholders.
Results

GANC was associated with enhanced social support, with some evidence for improved knowledge, adoption of healthy behaviors, enhanced self-efficacy, and improved experience of care. Quantitatively, we found strong associations between GANC and knowledge of danger signs, women who shared their feelings with other women, knowledge and competence of health workers, respect shown by ANC providers, overall quality of care, and birth preparations; as well as an improvement in ANC retention. No changes were seen in knowledge of positive behaviors, empowerment, several aspects related to women’s experience of care, ANC retention, early initiation of ANC, and other healthy behaviors. Qualitatively, women and stakeholders noted improved interactions between health providers and women, improved counseling, increased feelings of empowerment to ask questions and speak freely, and strengthened social networks and enhanced social cohesion among women. Both wait times and counseling times increased in GANC compared to traditional ANC.
Conclusions

This is one of the few mixed-methods studies evaluating GANC and offers new measures for experience of care, empowerment, and adoption of healthy behaviors. While more research is required, GANC holds promise for enhancing women’s experiences during pregnancy. Modifications are needed for sustainability and scalability.
Circulatory Response to Rapid Volume Expansion and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Fontan Circulation
Authors: Möller Thomas , Klungerbo Vibeke , Diab Simone , Holmstrøm Henrik , Edvardsen Elisabeth , Grindheim Guro , Brun Henrik , Thaulow Erik , Köhn-Luque Alvaro , Rösner Assami , Døhlen Gaute
Published: December 2021

BackgroundThe role of dysfunction of the single ventricle in Fontan failure is incompletely understood.ObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate haemodynamic responses to preload increase in Fontan circulation, to determine whether circulatory limitations in different locations identified by experimental preload increase are associated with cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and to assess the impact of left versus right ventricular morphology.MethodsIn 38 consecutive patients (median age=16.6 years, 16 females), heart catheterisation was supplemented with a rapid 5-mL/kg body weight volume expansion. Central venous pressure (CVP), ventricular end-diastolic pressure (VEDP), and peak systolic pressure were averaged for 15‒30 s, 45‒120 s, and 4‒6 min (steady state), respectively. CRF was assessed by peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) and ventilatory threshold (VT).ResultsMedian CVP increased from 13 mmHg at baseline to 14.5 mmHg (p<0.001) at steady state. CVP increased by more than 20% in eight patients. Median VEDP increased from 10 mmHg at baseline to 11.5 mmHg (p<0.001). Ten patients had elevated VEDP at steady state, and in 21, VEDP increased more than 20%. The transpulmonary pressure difference (CVP‒VEDP) and CVP were consistently higher in patients with right ventricular morphology across repeated measurements. CVP at any stage was associated with VO2peak and VT. VEDP after volume expansion was associated with VT.ConclusionsPreload challenge demonstrates the limitations beyond baseline measurements. Elevation of both CVP and VEDP are associated with impaired CRF. Transpulmonary flow limitation was more pronounced in right ventricular morphology. Ventricular dysfunction may contribute to functional impairment after Fontan operation in young adulthood.ClinicalTrials.govidentifier: NCT02378857
Kinetic Study on Degradation of Micro-organics by Different UV-based advanced oxidation processes in EfOM Matrix
Authors: Yuan Donghai , Liu Guangyu , Qi Fei , Wang Jinggang , Kou Yingying , Cui Yanqi , Bai Minghui , Li Xinyu
Published: December 2021

Effluent Organic Matter (EfOM) contains a large number of substances that are harmful to both the environment and human health. To avoid the negative effects of organic matter in EfOM, advanced treatment of organic matter is an urgent task. Four typical oxidants (H2O2, PS, PMS, NaClO) and UV-combined treatments were used to treat micro-contaminants in the presence or absence of effluent organic matter (EfOM), because the active radical species produced in these UV-AOPs are highly reactive with organic contaminants. However, the removal efficiency of trace contaminants was greatly affected by the presence of EfOM. The degradation kinetics of two representative micro-contaminants (benzoic acid (BA) and para-chlorobenzoic acid(p-CBA)) was significantly reduced in the presence of EfOM, compared to the degradation kinetics in its absence. Using the method of competitive kinetics, with BA, p-CBA and 1,4-dimethoxybenzene (DMOB) as probes, the radicals (HO·, SO4-·, ClO·) proved to be the key to reaction species in advanced oxidation processes. UV irradiation on EfOM was not primarily responsible for the degradation of micro-contaminants. The second-order rate constants of the EfOM with radicals were determined to be (5.027±0.643)×102(SO4-·), (3.192±0.153)×104 (HO·) and 1.35×106 (ClO·) (mg-C/L)-1·s-1. In addition, this study evaluated the production of three radicals based on the concept of Rct, which can better analyze its reaction mechanism.
CoT-Enabled Robust Surveillance System using Fog Machine Learning
Authors: R Mohanasundaram , Mule Rishikesh Y , Gengavel Gowrison , Ghalib Muhammad Rukunuddin , Shankar Achyut , Singhal Abhishek
Published: December 2021

Surveillance system is a method of securing resources and loss of lives against fire, gas leakage, intruder, earthquake, and weather. In today’s time, people own home, farm, factory, office etc. It has become more crucial to monitor everything for securing resources and loss of lives against fire, gas leakage, intruder, earthquake. As a part of surveillance, monitoring weather is also essential. Climate change and agriculture are interrelated processes, Today's sophisticated commercial farming like weather monitoring, suffers from a lack of precision, which results huge loss in farm. Monitoring residential and commercial arenas throughout is an efficient technique to decrease personal and property losses due to fire, gas leakage, earthquake catastrophes. Internet of Things make it possible and can be implemented separately for each thing or site. But it is very difficult to monitor each site and have centralized access of it across the world. This arises the need of heterogenous system which will monitor all IoTs and perform decision making accordingly. IoT itself a large-scale thing. For single IoT application, sensors used are more in number. These sensors generate thousands of records for an instance of time, some of those are valuable and some requires just analysis. This huge amount of data on servers requires better data processing and analytics. Maintenance is also a critical task. Cloud extends these functionalities but storing all the data on cloud entail users to pay tremendous cost to the cloud service providers. This problem is catered by “CoTsurF” framework. This paper presents novel and cost effective “CoTsurF” framework, CoT-enabled robust Surveillance system using fog machine learning, a Proof-Of-Concept implementation of heterogenous and robust surveillance system based on internet of things and cloud computing by leveraging a groundbreaking concept of Fog machine learning that is Fog Computing and machine learning in Cloud of Things.
The Main Problems of Distance Learning in Vocational Education in the Russian Federation
Authors: Danilov Oleg , Korchak Elena , Ershteyn Leonid , Yugova Natalia
Published: December 2021

The article deals with various organizational issues of distance learning in vocational education. The authors applied the theory of distance learning to vocational education in Russia. The research featured teachers of more than 40 educational institutions, who mentioned such problems as the lack of equipment, personal computers, software, and Internet access. Most respondents believed that the quality of vocational education deteriorated during distance learning mostly as a result of poor technical support. Another problem is the absence of personal contact between teaching staff and students. The authors analyzed the current situation and propose various means of improvement, e.g. asynchronous teaching methods.
Modular Design in Distance Learning
Authors: Petlina Elena , Nesterov Denis
Published: December 2021

The current epidemiological situation requires new distance learning techniques, and modular design seems to be a good systematic approach to the formation of standards for distance learning. Modular approach makes it possible to provide students with knowledge and develop competencies in the current challenging social conditions. The authors analyzed the distance learning technologies used by various academic organizations during the pandemic, as well as some distance learning platforms for advanced training courses. The analysis showed that modular competence-based distance learning technologies are widely introduced in the domestic academic environment. Modular academic disciplines consist of interrelated modules and presuppose a large amount of programmed self-learning. The article also contains an analysis of particular distance learning techniques and introduces new various technologies of blended learning. The materials can be used to develop new distance learning and blended courses.
Orthodox Church Law in the Legal System of Russia: Historical and Legal Aspect
Authors: Pavlyuk Ivan
Published: December 2021

The relationship between the church and the secular law is one of the most complicated matters of law theory. The present research featured the law of the Russian Church and its structure with its internal and external church law. The article introduces the opinions of pre-revolutionary and contemporary authors, as well as a historical analysis of the main normative acts of the Russian Church that regulate its internal structure. The church law was defined as a special legal system, similar to public law. Historically speaking, the core of the Russian church law remained unaffected by the genesis of the state and legal structure, the changes in the system of church authorities, and the development of state-confessional relations. The central core of the church law still maintains the form of the rules of the apostles, the Ecumenical and Local Councils, and Holy Fathers.
Active Complicity in the Activities of an Undesirable Foreign or International Organization
Authors: Sheveleva Svetlana , Grigorova Irina , Grigorov Dmitriy
Published: December 2021

Federal Law No. 292-FZ adopted on July 1, 2021, amended Article 284.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The procedure expanded the term of active complicity in that part of the Criminal Code that is aimed at early prevention of crimes that may affect the constitutional foundations and security of Russian society, e.g. development of destructive tendencies among the population under the influence of foreign organizations. The research objective is was to determine the limits of liability for 1) participation in the activities of a foreign or international organization recognized as "undesirable" on the territory of Russia (Part 1 of Article 284.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation); 2) complicity by financing such an organization (Part 2); 3) organizing the activities of such an organization on the territory of Russia (Part 3). The authors defined a set of criteria for distinguishing "undesirable" international or foreign religious organizations from those recognized in Russia as extremist. The article introduces the authors’ vision of the three forms of active complicity. The authors explain the technical and legal flaws in Article 284.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and propose their own variant.
Interregional Competition for Strategic Economic Factors
Authors: Alimuradov Murad
Published: December 2021

The present research featured various ways to increase the investment attractiveness of regions, realize the potential of their development strategies, and assess the resource provision of their strategic priorities. The limited resources and ever-growing interregional competition mean that regions strive to increase their competitiveness and attract the missing resources. The paper introduces a new approach to the problem: the factors of economic development of regions should be divided into basic and mobile. These two groups are to be analyzed for the level of provision of the regional strategic development. Such approach can help local authorities to attract resources and implement the sustainability of the regional strategy, thus increasing the local strategic investment attractiveness and improving the quality of life in the region. Regional governments should select priorities that have a high potential for attracting mobile resources from other regions. The paper also contains an algorithm for analyzing the resource provision of strategic priorities.
A Strategic Approach to Russian Media System Analysis: Defining Mission, Values and Priorities
Authors: Vartanov Sergey
Published: December 2021

Modern media has transformed into a full-fledged industry, embedded in the national economy and inextricably linked with other industries. The strong dependence between the main economic indicators of the media industry and macroeconomic indicators determines the importance of a long-term media strategy. A successful strategy of media system development may improve the national economy and ensure social prosperity in the sense of Aristotelian eudaimonia. The research objective was to develop a new methodology for media strategizing with its mission, values, objectives, and strategic priorities. The study was based on strategy theory, media theory, mathematical economics, econometric methods of strategic media monitoring, and a new method of game-theoretic models of the three-sided market. The object of strategizing was a complex multi-level environment formed by media institutions in their interaction with each other and society, media market, infrastructure, manufacturers, developers, and distributors. The Russian media system was subjected to a primary OTSW analysis, which revealed five priorities. The author developed a quantitative assessment methodology for each priority. The research is a foundation for a separate interdisciplinary discipline “Theory of Media Strategy”.
Conservation of Biodiversity and Protection of Forest and Water Resources: a Strategy for Boreal Zone
Authors: Onuchin Aleksandr , Pimenov Aleksandr , Sokolov Vladimir
Published: December 2021

The article introduces a new system of boreal forest management that aims at preserving the biodiversity, resources, and ecological potential. The research results can help to develop regional strategies for large forest regions that experience significant man-made impact. Antropogenic factors destroy the resource potential of forests, as well as their biological diversity, not to mention the hydrological regime of rivers. The paper features various measures that make it possible to avoid risks and ensure sustainable long-term use of forests.
Fifteen-year strategy and fifty-year perspective in the nine-volume Kuzbass Strategy Library
Authors: Shamakhov Vladimir
Published: December 2021

Globalization triggered a number of socio-economic transformations in the regions of Russia. These processes require new approaches to determine any long-term prospects. Only progressive methods of long-term strategy and careful strategic prioritizing can improve the quality of life of people in the regions. Most regions have already gained certain experience of strategizing, but the programs have a limited implementation potential. However, some positive examples may help to adjust or revise the development strategies in other regions.
THE ROLE OF PARENTS IN THE FORMATION OF THE EDUCATIONAL AND COGNITIVE MOTIVATION OF CHILDREN
Authors: Karianova Daria Konstantinovna
Published: December 2021

The article considers the values ​​and tasks of parents to motivate the cognitive activity of schoolchildren.
Battered Woman Syndrome: Prospect of Situating It Within Criminal Law in India
Authors: Deb A.
Published: December 2021

In patriarchal cultures, like the one prevalent in India, rigid, polarised and hierarchical gender roles work to establish a strong normative relationship between gender and the treatment of offenders committing violent crimes such as homicide. While most of the common law countries have already undergone a social change towards making their criminal laws more gender-sensitive by accommodating the experiences of battered women, the situation in India is quite different. Indian courts have recognised Battered Woman Syndrome very recently in only three cases, much differently than courts in other jurisdictions. While in other countries, Battered Woman Syndrome has been adduced by the advocates of battered women to support defence pleas, Indian Courts have resorted to it only to explain the effects of a battering relationship. The fact that Battered Woman Syndrome has only been recognised in such a small number of cases and the lack of scholarship in this particular area clearly resonates the resistance of the Indian criminal law towards women’s accounts of their experiences. Drawing on the example of the three cases, the author makes an attempt to put forth feminist legal arguments and offer a fresh perspective on the possibility of using Battered Woman Syndrome as a defence to address the concerns of battered women who end the cycle of violence by ending the lives of the abuser in a “kill or be killed” situation. Since Battered Woman Syndrome as a subject has been extensively researched in other common law countries, the present study limits itself to the Indian jurisdiction only. This paper also challenges the effectiveness of the existing defences under the Indian Penal Code, 1860 in accommodating the cases of battered women, and highlights the need for the introduction of a new justificatory defence as a plausible solution.
Integrating literature lessons with the subject of mother tongue teaching
Authors: Khasanovna Niyozmetova Roza , Farkhodovna Fozilova Mohigul
Published: December 2021

In order to differentiate literary-speech competencies in literature lessons, the article develops the features of oral speech characterized by orthographic norms, other than biblical (written) speech, based on the norms of pronunciation and spelling of language phenomena studied in the native language.
Beyond Boundaries. Authorship and Readership in Life Writing: Introduction
Authors: Van Lierop-Debrauwer Helma , Mcveigh Jane , Soeting Monica
Published: December 2021

On 24 and 25 October 2019, a conference on life writing for young readers took place at Tilburg University, the Netherlands. This conference was organised by Helma van Lierop, Jane McVeigh and Monica Soeting. The main issue of the conference was that of boundaries with respect to authorship and readership in life writing.