bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extremist group and global journalism
Authors: Σελτσούκ Μουσταφά
Published: July 2024

Αυτή η μελέτη εξέτασε το περιεχόμενο των εξτρεμιστικών ομάδων στα μέσα κοινωνικής δικτύωσης, ιδιαίτερα του ISIS. Η κατανόηση της φύσης της εξτρεμιστικής ομάδας είναι απαραίτητη για την ανάλυση των μέσων ενημέρωσης του ISIS. Η παγκόσμια Τζιχάντ και το ιδεολογικό της υπόβαθρο συσχετίζονται με τη ρητορική θρησκευτικού δόγματος, που έχει χρησιμοποιηθεί καλά για την εικονική εκστρατεία του ISIS. Αυτή η μελέτη επιχείρησε να αντιμετωπίσει τους ακόλουθους κύριους στόχους Πρώτον, η κατανόηση της ιδεολογικής γνώσης της εξτρεμιστικής ομάδας και ο προσδιορισμός της ερμηνείας τους για το θρησκευτικό δόγμα μέσω ενός συνειρμού. Δεύτερον, η κάλυψη των κυρίαρχων μέσων ενημέρωσης και η σχέση της με εξτρεμιστικές ομαδικές εικονικές εκστρατείες. Τρίτον, οπτική ανάλυση περιοδικών και βίντεο του ISIS με μετάφραση από τα τουρκικά, τα μπαχάσα ινδονησιακά και τα αραβικά. Ορισμένα βίντεο είναι στα αλβανικά, τα βοσνιακά (βοσνιακά) και τα γαλλικά με υπότιτλους και στα αγγλικά στα βίντεο του ISIS και επομένως δεν χρειάζεται επιπλέον προσπάθεια για τη μετάφραση αυτών των γλωσσών. Αυτή η μελέτη χρησιμοποίησε επίσης ανάλυση περιεχομένου για να εξετάσει τον αριθμό των προηγούμενων εργασιών από τη βιβλιογραφία, τις προοπτικές πλαισίωσης ειδήσεων, το θεματικό πλαίσιο και την κάλυψη των μέσων ενημέρωσης για την τρομοκρατία. Επιπλέον, εφαρμόζεται ανάλυση λόγου για την κατανόηση της λεκτικής πρακτικής εξτρεμιστικών ομάδων. Αυτή η μελέτη διαπίστωσε ότι τα μέσα ενημέρωσης του ISIS έχουν το ίδιο μήνυμα σε διαφορετικό πλαίσιο εξετάζοντας την εσωτερική περίπτωση των ομιλητών κάθε γλώσσας αναφέροντας την εσωτερική πολιτική και τα ιστορικά τους γεγονότα. Αυτή η έρευνα ανακαλύπτει τα επιτεύγματα του ISIS μέσω διαδικτυακών τεχνολογιών. Επιπλέον, αντιμετωπίζει τις περιφερειακές επιπτώσεις του ISIS. Το πιο σημαντικό είναι ότι οι εξτρεμιστικές ομάδες γνώριζαν τις εφαρμογές των μέσων κοινωνικής δικτύωσης και την ψηφιακή τεχνολογία που διευκολύνει την παγκόσμια εκστρατεία τους. Τα ευρήματα δείχνουν ότι τα κυρίαρχα μέσα ενημέρωσης είναι βοηθητικά στη διάδοση του παγκόσμιου μηνύματος του ISIS δίνοντας έμφαση στις ειδήσεις. Τραβάει την προσοχή της νεολαίας να ψάξει και να διαβάσει για το ISIS. Η στρατηγική των μέσων ενημέρωσης του ISIS που παραμένει παράλληλα στα κύρια μέσα ενημέρωσης στοχεύει στη διάδοση των πηγών του μέσω των μέσων κοινωνικής δικτύωσης για να προσεγγίσει περισσότερους υποστηρικτές σε όλο τον κόσμο.
Επίδραση της πανδημίας της νόσου του νέου κορωνοϊού 2019 -2020 (Covid -19) στην εμφάνιση, διάρκεια και έκφραση του χρόνιου πόνου
Authors: Σμυρνιώτη Μαρία-Ελένη
Published: July 2024

Στις 10 Μαρτίου 2020 ανεστάλη για 42 μέρες η λειτουργία όλων των υγειονομικών υπηρεσιών, συμπεριλαμβανομένων των υπηρεσιών πόνου. Τα προγραμματισμένα ραντεβού αναβλήθηκαν επ’αόριστον, προκειμένου να αναχαιτιστεί το πρώτο κύμα της πανδημίας Covid-19. Σκοπός της παρούσας μελέτης κοόρτης ήταν η διερεύνηση της επίδρασης της πανδημίας Covid-19 και των επακόλουθων περιοριστικών μέτρων στους ασθενείς με χρόνιο πόνο κατά τη διάρκεια των πρώτων τριών κυμάτων της πανδημίας Covid-19 στην Ελλάδα. Απώτερος στόχος υπήρξε η διερεύνηση των ψυχολογικών και συμπεριφορικών μεταβολών που επέφερε το πρώτο έτος της πανδημίας Covid-19 στους πάσχοντες από χρόνιο πόνο, και η ανίχνευση των λειτουργικών και οργανωτικών μεταβολών που υπέστη το δημόσιο σύστημα υγείας κατά τη διάρκεια του έτους. Στην έρευνα συμμετείχαν 101 ασθενείς την Άνοιξη του 2020 και 100 ασθενείς την Άνοιξη του 2021. Η επίδραση της πανδημίας στον πόνο και την ποιότητα ζωής των ασθενών αξιολογήθηκε με ειδικά διαμορφωμένο ερωτηματολόγιο. Η μέτρηση της συναισθηματικής διάθεσης των ασθενών πραγματοποιήθηκε με την χορήγηση (α) της κλίμακας κατάθλιψης, άγχους και στρες DASS42, (β) του Ελληνικού Ερωτηματολογίου Προσωπικότητας 10 ερωτημάτων (ΕΕΠ10) και (γ) της κλίμακας Personal Wellbeing Index (PWI). Η πανδημία επηρέασε αρνητικά τα επίπεδα, την ένταση και διάρκεια του πόνου, και την ποιότητα ζωής. Παρόλο που η επισκεψιμότητα της Μονάδας Πόνου αποκαταστάθηκε σε μεγάλο βαθμό, μειώθηκε η συχνότητα των επισκέψεων στη Μονάδα Πόνου και αυξήθηκαν οι νέοι ασθενείς. Κατά τη διάρκεια της πανδημίας μειώθηκαν σημαντικά η αίσθηση ασφάλειας, συνδεσιμότητας/ κοινότητας, πνευματικότητας/ θρησκευτικότητας και η γενικότερη ικανοποίηση από τη ζωή, και επηρεάστηκε η οικογενειακή κατάσταση. Σημαντικό ρόλο στις αντιδράσεις των ασθενών έπαιξαν τα χαρακτηριστικά του νευρωτισμού, της ανοιχτότητας σε εμπειρίες και της ευσυνειδησίας.
Proposal of a domain model for 3D representation of buildings in Ecuador.
Authors: Velastegui Cáceres Luis Alejandro , Velastegui Cáceres Julia Desirée , Carretero Poblete Pedro A , Moyón Gusqui Manuel Fabian , Cevallos Díaz María Alejandra
Published: July 2024

The accelerated urban sprawl of cities around the world presents major challenges for urban planning and land resource management. In this context, it is crucial to have a detailed 3D representation of buildings enriched with accurate alphanumeric information. A distinctive aspect of this proposal is its specific focus on the spatial unit corresponding to buildings. In order to propose a domain model for the 3D representation of buildings, the national standard of Ecuador and the international standard (ISO 19152:2012 LADM) were considered. The proposal includes a detailed specification of attributes, both for the general subclass of buildings and for their infrastructure. The application of the domain model proposal was crucial in a study area located in the Riobamba canton, due to the characteristics of the buildings in that area. For this purpose, a geodatabase was created in pgAdmin4 with official information, taking into account the structure of the proposed model and linking it with geospatial data for an adequate management and 3D representation of the buildings in an open-source Geographic Information System. This application improves cadastral management in the study region and has wider implications. This model is intended to serve as a benchmark for other countries facing similar challenges in cadastral management and 3D representation of buildings, promote efficient urban development and contribute to global sustainable development.
ASSESSMENT OF TRILATERAL ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE FOR SOLAR APPLICATIONS WITH INNOVATIVE TURBOEXPANDER CONCEPT
Authors: Romei Alessandro , Giostri Andrea , Spinelli Andrea
Published: July 2024

Low-temperature solar collectors coupled with thermal energy storage can enable stable and carbonfree energy production. The key issue is to efficiently convert solar energy into electricity without resorting to complex architecture that may hinder the technical and economic feasibility of the entire system. In this work, we propose a fully integrated organic Rankine cycle (ORC) with the solar field and energy storage, targeting 200 kW. The system consists of a single circuit of the selected organic fluid that passes through the solar collectors, the thermocline thermal energy storage, and the ORC unit. The organic fluid remains liquid inside the solar field and the thermal energy storage, leading to a trilateral thermodynamic cycle. Leveraging the thermodynamic behavior of molecularly complex fluids, the radial-inflow turbine expands from saturated liquid to superheated vapor. Following the idea of White (App. Therm. Eng., 192 (2021), 116852), the nozzle cascade expands the two-phase flow mixtures and delivers superheated vapor to the rotating cascade. In this way, the rotor processes dry organic vapors without incurring mechanical damage or suffering from additional losses due to twophase interactions. Three maximum temperatures are investigated, and each of them entails a different fluid selection to have the liquid-to-vapor expansion through the stator. Preliminary designs of the radial-inflow turbines are carried out by employing a meanline code, validated for single-phase organicfluid flows, revealing that feasible designs can be obtained. Based on these results, the proposed technology appears feasible and promising on the technical ground.
Optimization of a Partially Evaporating Organic Rankine Cycle with thermal non-equilibrium expansion.
Authors: van Heule Xander , Skiadopoulos Tasos , Manolakos Dimitris , De Paepe Michel , Lecompte Steven
Published: July 2024

The Trilateral Flash Cycle (TFC) is an alternative to the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC). The TFC have been shown to have greater exergy efficiencies compared to the ORC in low-grade heat-to-power conversion. This is a result of the more efficient heat transfer from the heat carrier to the working fluid, even though the TFC has inherently a lower thermal efficiency. However, these results are based on cycle modeling assuming equilibrium conditions, but the actual two-phase expansion process is a nonequilibrium process. Thermal non-equilibrium between vapour and liquid occurs during the evaporation (or flashing) of the working fluid during the two-phase expansion process. The liquid phase has a temperature greater than the corresponding pressure’s saturation temperature and the equilibrium assumption overestimates the actual vapour quality. In a previous work, this non-equilibrium expansion was modeled and predicted based on the homogeneous relaxation model (HRM). In this work, the impact of the non-equilibrium process on the efficiency of the TFC is investigated and compared to the equilibrium model. The overall power recuperation is around 86% lower when including the thermal non-equilibrium nature of the expansion process. Therefore, the thermodynamic non-equilibrium losses should thus be incorporated when predicting the performance of a TFC.
COST-EFFECTIVE OPTION OF COLD ENERGY UTILIZATION IN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
Authors: Daniarta Sindu , Sowa Dawid , Havas Ádám , R. Imre Attila , Kolasiński Piotr
Published: July 2024

In pharmaceutical industries, nitrogen is used for several purposes, including inerting storage containers to prevent chemical reactions with oxygen at a temperature range of 2 to 8 °C. To meet these specifications, the regasification of liquefied nitrogen (LIN), transforming the liquefied nitrogen into gas phases at certain temperatures and pressures, is necessary. One potential solution that can be applied to increase efficiency and reduce costs while maintaining strict quality and safety standards in the pharmaceutical industry is a replacement of the conventional LIN regasification process with an organic Rankine cycle (ORC). This process could utilize cold energy from the process while using nitrogen as a cooling source and ambient air as the hot side of the thermodynamic cycle. Using the ORC system for this cold energy utilization is promising as the technology is now more developed, compact, relatively reasonable cost, and reliable. Since there are few investigations in cold energy utilization as power generation, this article discusses the techno-economic feasibility of the ORC system in the case of its application in pharmaceutical industries with a particular focus on cold energy utilization in LIN regasification. In this analysis, propane was selected as the working fluid of the ORC system as it has good criteria such as thermal properties, zero ozone depletion potential, and low global warming potential. The analysis was optimized for different heat source conditions. Several designs (with and without the direct expansion system) were developed. In the end, their techno-economic performances and cost-effectiveness were compared. The obtained results show that replacing the conventional LIN regasification in the pharmaceutical industry with an ORC system may improve the efficiency of the system and reduce power consumption. The results of the study additionally indicate that, in terms of cost-effectiveness, reusing existing components of the prior system – specifically, the nitrogen vaporizers and pump – would result in a 23.81% reduction in investment costs and a 22.00% decrease in levelized cost of energy (LCOE).
NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF A TRANSONIC DENSE GAS FLOW OVER AN IDEALIZED BLADE VANE CONFIGURATION
Authors: Bienner A. , Gloerfelt X. , Cinnella P. , Hake L. , andaus der Wiesche S.
Published: July 2024

A joint numerical and experimental investigation of an idealized blade vane configuration, representative of an ORC turbine, is undertaken using Novec649 as the working fluid. First laminar-turbulent transition over the blade is studied by means of large-eddy simulation (LES). The geometry of the leading edge is modified to avoid an incipient separation. Afterwards, RANS simulations are carried out for both air and Novec649. The dense gas flow achieves a lower pressure ratio and exit Mach number compared to air, while shock waves generated at the blade leading edge are weaker. However, the dense gas induces a lower base pressure resulting in higher losses. Qualitative and quantitative comparisons with experiments and with a wall-modeled LES are also planned.
ORC SYSTEM USING R1233ZD(E) FOR WASTE HEAT RECOVERY FROM THE UPSTREAM PROCESS
Authors: Chiong M.S. , Mahyon N.I. , Nyakuma B.B. , Rajoo S. , Alvarez-Regueiro E. , Barrera-Medrano M.E. , Martinez-Botas R.F. , Laoonual Y.
Published: July 2024

The upstream is an energy-intensive sector of the petroleum industry. Nearly one-third of the industry's energy is discharged as thermal losses via cooling systems or into the environment. Waste heat recovery (WHR) from upstream processes could significantly reduce current fossil energy's carbon footprint and competitiveness and stimulate the transition to carbon-neutral renewable energy sources by utilizing the free energy generated from WHR to support renewable energy production. In the WHR system, the working fluid selection is critical to the design, thermodynamic performance, operation practicality, and environmental impact of organic Rankine cycles (ORC). This study comparatively examined the ORC performance of six working fluids (easily accessible in Malaysia) for WHR from upstream processes using a thermodynamic model. Results showed that R1233zd(E) is a promising working fluid for WHR due to its zero Global Warming Potential (GWP). The single-loop ORC cycle using R1233zd(E) delivered 6.2% thermal efficiency at a 250°C temperature difference by maintaining an operating pressure ratio of 9:1. These conditions ensured a practical turbine expander design for mechanical work recovery. The WHR process reduced the overall carbon footprint of the upstream product by 6.2%.
Comparison of Different Evaporator Topologies for Industrial Heat Pumps
Authors: Vermani Sanjay ,   1* ,  1,   1,  2,   2,, Anand Nitish , Van Bael Johan , Touliankine Evgueni , Serafino Aldo , De Servi Carlo
Published: July 2024

Reducing the energy consumption associated with industrial process heating is one of the crucial steps toward building a green and climate-neutral Europe, as the thermal energy demand of industry accounts for a significant portion of the total primary energy consumption and carbon emissions of this sector. In this regard, waste heat utilization using high-temperature heat pump systems is one of the most promising solutions to increase industrial energy efficiency. To efficiently recover and convert the available waste heat, the performance of the individual heat pump components, in particular the heat exchangers, is key. This paper reports a comparison between two different evaporator concepts considered for high-temperature heat pump systems, namely the shell and tube and the falling film evaporator. Four key characteristics of the two evaporator concepts are analyzed and compared: the overall heat transfer coefficient, the induced pressure losses, the footprint, and the required refrigerant charge. The results indicate that the falling film evaporator features a higher overall heat transfer coefficient and enables approximately a 77% reduction of the required working fluid charge with respect to the shell and tube evaporator.
A Moment-Sum-of-Squares Hierarchy for Robust Polynomial Matrix Inequality Optimization with Sum-of-Squares Convexity
Authors: Guo Feng , Wang Jie
Published: July 2024

We study a class of polynomial optimization problems with a robust polynomial matrix inequality (PMI) constraint where the uncertainty set itself is also defined by a PMI. These can be viewed as matrix generalizations of semi-infinite polynomial programs because they involve actually infinitely many PMI constraints in general. Under certain sum-of-squares (SOS)-convexity assumptions, we construct a hierarchy of increasingly tight moment-SOS relaxations for solving such problems. Most of the nice features of the moment-SOS hierarchy for the usual polynomial optimization are extended to this more complicated setting. In particular, asymptotic convergence of the hierarchy is guaranteed, and finite convergence can be certified if some flat extension condition holds true. To extract global minimizers, we provide a linear algebra procedure for recovering a finitely atomic matrix-valued measure from truncated matrix-valued moments. As an application, we are able to solve the problem of minimizing the smallest eigenvalue of a polynomial matrix subject to a PMI constraint. If SOS convexity is replaced by convexity, we can still approximate the optimal value as closely as desired by solving a sequence of semidefinite programs and certify global optimality in case that certain flat extension conditions hold true. Finally, an extension to the nonconvexity setting is provided under a rank 1 condition. To obtain the above-mentioned results, techniques from real algebraic geometry, matrix-valued measure theory, and convex optimization are employed.

Funding: This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China [Grant 2023YFA1009401] and the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 11571350 and 12201618].
A nasopalatine duct cyst in an orthodontic patient: a case report
Authors: Hook Hannah , Power Gavin
Published: July 2024

This case report describes the presentation of a nasopalatine duct cyst in a 27-year-old orthodontic patient. The patient presented with pain in the anterior hard palate and a Class II division 2 occlusion with a complete overbite. The cyst was discovered upon further radiographic investigation. Following discussion at a joint orthognathic clinic, the decision was made to leave the cyst under active monitoring and review the patient clinically and radiographically after 12 months.

CPD/Clinical Relevance:

Nasopalatine duct cysts are common, therefore awareness of their clinical and radiographic features and treatment options is essential.
Racial trauma as an unlaid ghost of empire
Authors: Aiyegbusi Anne
Published: July 2024

The persistence of racism is explored intersectionally, through a personal narrative or herstory, which includes extracts of childhood, professional experiences within forensic mental health services, and in relation to group analytic roles. Reflections are underpinned by two theories; Freud’s seminal theory of trauma as an unlaid ghost and Foulkes’s group analytic premise that human beings are permeated to the core with social context, including that which is transgenerationally transmitted. Thus, it is proposed that racial trauma may be thought about as an unlaid ghost of Empire, the dynamics of which are continuously re-enacted during interactions between people and, it is suggested, can be understood as internal working models laid down at an unconscious level and arguably integrated within our attachment systems. Hence, the emergence of racist attitudes and behaviour during intense attachment experiences, whether personal, group or societal in origin.
How are feminist policy frames challenged and resisted, and with what effects? Exploring the Scottish domestic abuse policy case
Authors: McCabe Leah
Published: July 2024

The recent rise in anti-feminist resistance in Europe, occurring within a longer history of unravelling feminist policy gains, poses significant challenges for feminists. While scholars have closely examined resistance in cases characterised by significant equality backsliding, little is known about the contexts where anti-feminist actors are marginal and resistance is more inconspicuous. This article contributes to gender and politics scholarship, applying an integrated feminist institutionalist framework to a best-case scenario of progressive policymaking sustained over two decades: Scottish domestic abuse policymaking. Using documentary analysis and expert interviews, it traces the evolution of a form of anti-feminist resistance known as ‘whataboutery’ from 1998 to 2018. It argues that despite being positioned as losers in the debate, resistors have achieved considerable success in shaping policy trajectories and feminist strategies. The study sheds light on how feminist actors navigate real and anticipated threats to equality, illuminating the unintended consequences of women’s movements’ framing strategies.
El impacto de la victimización secundaria en víctimas de violencia sexual: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Iborra Marmolejo Isabel , Lloret Martín Paula , Moret Tatay Carmen , Bernabé Valero Gloria , Beneyto Arrojo María José
Published: July 2024

Muchas víctimas de violencia sexual experimentan un daño añadido a aquel producido por el delito vivido al entrar en contacto con el sistema legal. Esto se denomina victimización secundaria, e incluye un trato inadecuado por parte de policías, jueces y abogados, entre otros, además de aspectos estructurales del propio sistema. El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática por pares fue analizar el impacto, especialmente psicológico, que la victimización secundaria puede tener en víctimas de violencia sexual, usando tanto una búsqueda manual como la herramienta Rayyan para revisar los resultados de búsquedas en tres bases de datos (EBSCOhost, Dialnet y Scopus). Tras el cribado de estos artículos, el número de estudios analizados se redujo a nueve, incluyendo tres cualitativos y seis cuantitativos. Por tanto, el primer resultado de la búsqueda fue la escasa documentación que existe con respecto a este tema. Asimismo, los resultados evidenciaron que la incidencia de la victimización secundaria tiende a ser mayor en víctimas de violencia sexual y que esta suele tener un impacto psicológico negativo, sobre todo en esta población. También se encontró que esta puede llegar a producir otros efectos, como una disminución del número de denuncias y una pérdida de confianza en el sistema legal.
bRAin: Modelo de Cerebro en Realidad Aumentada para la Enseñanza de Desórdenes de la Memoria a Estudiantes de Psicología
Authors: Sánchez-Sordo José Manuel , Teodoro-Vite Sergio
Published: July 2024

Este trabajo presenta el desarrollo e implementación de un modelo interactivo de cerebro humano con realidad aumentada (bRAin) para enseñar desórdenes de la memoria a estudiantes de Psicología. La aplicación bRAin permite a las y los estudiantes explorar estructuras cerebrales relacionadas con la memoria y comprender la amnesia anterógrada basada en el caso del paciente H.M. Se llevó a cabo un estudio preexperimental con diseño pretest-postest, utilizando una muestra de 61 estudiantes de Psicología de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Los resultados revelaron un incremento significativo (.000) en los niveles de conocimiento sobre desórdenes de la memoria tras utilizar la aplicación bRAin, confirmado mediante análisis estadísticos descriptivos y la prueba t de Student. La tecnología de realidad aumentada ha demostrado ser una herramienta efectiva para mejorar el aprendizaje de conceptos complejos de neurociencias en estudiantes de psicología. bRAin brinda una experiencia educativa inmersiva y significativa al combinar teoría neurocientífica con tecnología digital. Además, destaca la importancia de adaptar enfoques educativos a la era digital y aprovechar el potencial de tecnologías digitales en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje.
Impacto de la aplicación de un Modelo de Intervención Multinivel en pequeños grupos en el aula para la mejora de la lectura en alumnos de tercer grado
Authors: Pearson Rufina , Le Rose Lucila , Juárez Melina
Published: July 2024

Este estudio examina la viabilidad e impacto de adaptar el modelo de intervención multinivel de Respuesta a la Intervención (RTI) al contexto de las aulas argentinas, enfocándose específicamente en la mejora de la lectura en estudiantes de tercer grado a partir de la capacitación a docentes. El modelo RTI tradicional, que generalmente presenta intervenciones escalonadas en el tiempo, fue reestructurado juntando la propuesta de tier1 y tier2, para permitir que los docentes planifiquen y ejecuten secuencias de instrucción de tres niveles simultáneamente dentro del mismo ambiente del aula. Esta adaptación tuvo como objetivo abordar la trayectoria de aprendizaje única de cada estudiante proporcionando andamiaje a medida. La investigación se llevó a cabo con 164 estudiantes de tercer grado de dos escuelas privadas en la Provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina. Se empleó un diseño cuasi-experimental para evaluar el impacto de la intervención en las habilidades de lectura. Los docentes fueron capacitados en prácticas de lectura y escritura basadas en la evidencia, así como en el modelo RTI adaptado, que proponía enseñanza explícita a todo el grupo y luego el trabajo en pequeños grupos por niveles dentro del aula, bajo la guía del mismo maestro. La efectividad de la intervención se evaluó mediante la herramienta de evaluación digital "Screening del Nivel Lector" en tres momentos: al inicio de la intervención, después de su aplicación y seis meses más tarde sin intervención adicional. Los hallazgos iniciales revelaron que los estudiantes del grupo de intervención, en comparación con un grupo de control, mostraron una mejora significativa en el rendimiento lector inmediatamente después de la intervención. Este progreso se mantuvo en el tiempo, con una disminución en el número de estudiantes en riesgo de dificultades de lectura. El estudio respalda la efectividad de la instrucción explícita y el trabajo en pequeños grupos para mejorar la competencia lectora. Además, el modelo RTI adaptado demuestra ser un enfoque prometedor para entornos educativos con recursos limitados donde el apoyo docente adicional es escaso.
Emergence of Confidence with Principles of Curiosity and Information Processing
Authors: Pathak Vikas , Lal Verma Kundan
Published: July 2024

Researchers in cognitive neuroscience, developmental cognitive neuroscience, educational psychology, educational technology, education theory, and other related fields collaborate in the emerging field of educational neuroscience, also known as neuroeducation. This interdisciplinary approach aims to explore the connections between psychological processes and education. By integrating basic discoveries in cognitive neuroscience with educational technology, researchers in neuroeducation strive to enhance curricula to foster curiosity and boost confidence levels in learners. The ultimate objective of neuroeducation is to generate both theoretical insights and practical applications that offer a fresh perspective on learning across various disciplines. The development of confidence is closely related to the principles of curiosity and information processing. When people are interested in a topic, they are more likely to seek out information and engage in learning experiences that can lead to deeper understanding. This information process allows people to analyze and understand the information they encounter, which in turn can increase their confidence in their knowledge and abilities. By embracing curiosity and honing their information-processing skills, people can develop a strong self-confidence that empowers them to take new challenges and pursue their goals with determination. This review study on curiosity have uncovered a fascinating insight into its mechanisms. Researchers found that curiosity aligns with a confidence function resembling an inverted U-shape, peaking when individuals have moderate confidence in their knowledge. Moreover, heightened curiosity drives individuals to actively seek out new information, showcasing the profound impact of curiosity on knowledge acquisition. This revelation holds immense promise for understanding human behavior and learning processes. This study focuses on boosting confidence in individuals through the application of curiosity and information knowledge processing techniques to elevate the standards of education and training across both traditional and modern methodologies. The integration of these principles is poised to revolutionize the learning experience, fostering a more dynamic and effective approach to knowledge acquisition and skill development. This innovative strategy holds immense potential to empower learners, educators, and trainers alike, paving the way for a more enriched and impactful educational landscape.
Rainbow Fever: Running after the Archive in Carolina Maria de Jesus, Conceição Evaristo and Ana Maria Gonçalves
Authors: Martins Ana Margarida Dias
Published: July 2024

Abstract: This study traces the myth of the rainbow serpent both around the world and in the work of three Brazilian writers — Carolina Maria de Jesus ( Quarto de Despejo and Diário de Bitita ), Conceição Evaristo ( Ponciá Vicêncio ) and Ana Maria Gonçalves ( Um Defeito de Cor ). It proposes that writing with the rainbow challenges an entire critical apparatus concerning conceptualizations of memory, the nation, and the archive, as well as perceptions — now common — of a transatlantic aesthetic of mobility. Drawing on these texts' distinct engagements with the rainbow, I argue that the writers' works accentuate a location above the oceans (and the land) that has yet to be named in diaspora studies. Pursuing this unfathomable location may, in fact, take us in a new direction, away from the mainstream, arguably masculinist, routes described by Paul Gilroy in The Black Atlantic: Modernity and Double Consciousness (1993). Resumo: Este estudo delineia os significados atribuídos ao mito da serpente arco-íris em várias regiões do mundo e, mais especificamente, no trabalho de três escritoras brasileiras: Carolina Maria de Jesus ( Quarto de Despejo e Diário de Bitita ), Conceição Evaristo ( Ponciá Vicêncio ) e Ana Maria Gonçalves ( Um Defeito de Cor ). Propõe-se que escrever com o arco-íris desafia todo um aparato crítico relativo a conceptualizações de memória, nação e arquivo, bem como percepções (atualmente comuns) relativas a uma estética transatlântica de mobilidade. Centrando-se nos compromissos distintos que estas obras assumem com o arco-íris, argumento que as escritoras em questão acentuam uma localização acima dos oceanos (e da terra) que está ainda por nomear nos estudos da diáspora. Perseguir essa localização insondável poderá conduzir-nos numa nova direção, afastando-nos das rotas mais convencionais e masculinistas descritas por Paul Gilroy em O Atlântico Negro: Modernidade e Dupla Consciência (1993).
Narrating Impossible Lives: Critical Fabulation in Brazilian Black-Authored Fiction
Authors: de Oliveira Lucas Amaral , Flaherty-Echeverría Satty
Published: July 2024

Abstract: This essay analyses Ana Maria Gonçalves' novel Um Defeito de Cor and Eliana Alvez Cruz's chronicle Um Vespeiro Histórico , highlighting the role of Black-authored fiction in reassessing the legacies of Slavery. By centring the narrative on the enslaved perspective, the authors employ critical fabulation to narrate the 'impossible lives' of Slavery, confronting the continuous erasure of the Black experience in Brazil. An analysis of the speculative processes within both works reveals their ability to 'think into the gaps' of the national archive, framing 'the racial event' as an arc originating in Slavery's past yet reverberating in the contemporary lives of Afro-descendants. The essay underscores the imperative to engage with the 'afterlife of Slavery' through the transformative potential of speculative fiction, which involves a dual movement: resisting antiBlack violence and racial ideologies in contemporary Brazil while recognizing Black-authored critical fabulation's ability to envision alternative futures. Resumo: O ensaio analisa o romance Um Defeito de Cor , de Ana Maria Gonçalves, e a crônica Um Vespeiro Histórico , de Eliana Alves Cruz, destacando o papel da ficção escrita por autoras negras na reavaliação dos legados históricos da escravidão. Ao mudar o foco narrativo para a perspectiva dos escravizados, as autoras utilizam a 'fabulação crítica' para narrar as 'vidas impossíveis' da escravidão, enfrentando o contínuo apagamento da experiência negra no Brasil. Uma análise dos processos especulativos das obras revela seu potencial de tensionar e preencher as lacunas do arquivo nacional, enquadrando 'o evento racial' como arco que se origina no passado da escravidão mas que ressoa na vida contemporânea de pessoas negras. Nesse sentido, o ensaio se insere no debate a respeito das 'sobrevidas da escravidão' ao avaliar o potencial transformativo da ficção especulativa, o que implica um movimento duplo: de um lado, uma resistência contra a violência anti-negra e as ideologias raciais no Brasil contemporâneo; de outro, perceber na ficção negra a capacidade de vislumbrar alternativas para o futuro.
Pulp Theology: Disputation and Divine Intervention in Pulp Fiction
Authors: Oberrieder Matthew , Udwin Victor
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Pulp Fiction (1994) prompts its viewer to consider the possibility of divine intervention and to explore the issue of divine justice to which that possibility gives rise. The anachronic plot presentation allows the audience to ponder Vincent and Jules' dispute about whether they experienced a miracle with the knowledge that Vincent will later be killed by Butch. This then prompts a review and reevaluation of Butch's character in relation to the gold watch for which he risks his life. Thus, the audience experiences an increasing capacity to make sense of the theological details that construct the characters, scenes, and dialogue.
Optical tracking and size estimation of a moving object via time-division multiplexing ghost imaging
Authors: Feng Wenshan , Zhang Chongyang , Chen Pengbing , Li Xiaowei
Published: July 2024

Tracking and imaging a moving target via single-pixel imaging requires completion within a short period. Therefore, a low sampling rate is necessary to prevent imaging failure. This paper proposes a method utilizing time-division multiplexing ghost imaging, employing geometric moment patterns and Fourier fringe patterns to obtain real-time target trajectories and Fourier coefficient slices of the scene. After calculating the target’s displacement relative to the initial moment, we perform motion compensation on the slices to gradually estimate the size of the target. The method has been validated as effective and adaptive through optical experiments, requiring only a small amount of sampling relative to the image resolution. Our approach can achieve real-time tracking and estimate the region occupied by the object in the scene and the centroid position relative to the object. It considers the sparsity of objects in space, offering a promising solution for future low-sampling-rate and high-resolution single-pixel imaging of a moving target.
Schrödinger cats coupled with cavities losses: the effect of finite and structured reservoirs
Authors: Lira J. , Sanz L.
Published: July 2024

We discuss the generation of a Schrödinger cat in a nanocavity created by the coupling of an electromagnetic mode with an exciton in a quantum dot considering the dispersive limit of the Jaynes–Cummings model. More than the generation itself, we focus on the effects of the environment over the bosonic state in the nanocavity, which has losses simulated by coupling with two different kinds of reservoirs. In the first case, the interaction of the system with a finite reservoir shows that fragments of different sizes of the reservoir deliver the same amount of information about the physical system in the dynamics of the birth and death of the Schrödinger cat. The second case considers a structured reservoir, whose spectral density varies significantly with frequency. This situation becomes relevant in solid-state devices where quantum channels are embedded, as memory effects generally cannot be neglected. Under these circumstances, it is observed that the dynamics can differ substantially from the Markovian, presenting oscillations related to the average number of photons. These oscillations influence the information flow between the system and the environment, evidenced here by the measurement of non-Markovianity.
Gold nanoparticle-mediated nanosecond laser-induced polystyrene carbonization with luminescent products
Authors: Kudryashov Andrey , Gusev Sergey , Tatarskiy Dmitry , Nadtochenko Victor A. , Bityurin Nikita
Published: July 2024

A highly soluble Au(I) gold precursor is used to produce a nanocomposite material
consisting of a polystyrene matrix and gold nanoparticles. Irradiation
of such a material with nanosecond laser pulses at the plasmon
resonance wavelength leads to the formation of black spots containing
luminescent products of carbonization. HR TEM analysis and Raman
spectroscopy confirm disordered carbon. A simple model, based on laser
heating of a nanoparticle to a temperature of more than 2000 K
and stabilization of this temperature by the endothermic process of
polystyrene carbonization, fits well with the dependence of the
luminescent signal increment on the laser fluence.
Transitions between triplet Rydberg states of the alkaline-earth-metal atoms for precision measurements of microwave fields
Authors: Glukhov Igor L. , Kamenski Aleksandr A. , Kornev Aleksei S. , Manakov Nikolai L. , Ovsiannikov Vitaly D. , Palchikov Vitaly G.
Published: July 2024

We calculated the frequencies and amplitudes of the microwave (µw) dipole transitions between triplet Rydberg states of n3S1, n3P1, n3D2, and n3F3 series in the alkaline-earth atoms. Numerical values of the amplitudes determine the µw electric-field-dependent Rabi frequency of the Rydberg level shift in the field of a resonance radiation. This shift, observed as splitting of resonance in electromagnetically induced transparency for intensely absorbed probe radiation, enables measuring the µw electric field strength. For numerical calculations, we used single-electron methods and the most reliable data on quantum defect values from the literature. We derived the asymptotic approximation formulas of the µw frequencies and amplitudes.
Untrained physics-driven aberration retrieval network
Authors: Li Shuo , Wang Bin , Wang Xiaofei
Published: July 2024

In the field of coherent diffraction imaging, phase retrieval is essential for correcting the aberration of an optic system. For estimating aberration from intensity, conventional methods rely on neural networks whose performance is limited by training datasets. In this Letter, we propose an untrained physics-driven aberration retrieval network (uPD-ARNet). It only uses one intensity image and iterates in a self-supervised way. This model consists of two parts: an untrained neural network and a forward physical model for the diffraction of the light field. This physical model can adjust the output of the untrained neural network, which can characterize the inverse process from the intensity to the aberration. The experiments support that our method is superior to other conventional methods for aberration retrieval.
Observation of spectral splitting of whispering-gallery modes in asymmetrical photonic molecules
Authors: Wang Jianwei , Sun Jiapeng , Zhang Yu , Liu Zhihai , Li Hanyang
Published: July 2024

This Letter investigates mode splitting via whispering gallery modes (WGMs) in asymmetrical photonic molecules (PMs) composed of size-mismatched dual microspheres fabricated from fused silica. The characteristics of asymmetrical PMs were analyzed both numerically and experimentally, focusing specifically on the separation and intensity differences of splitting peaks. The splitting spectra exhibited a redshift, and the separation of two splitting peaks reached a maximum in symmetrical PMs, with a minimal difference in intensity also observed. It was noted that the splitting peaks shifted in opposite directions for the same PMs when coupling points with the tapered fibers were varied. This phenomenon can be applied to select similarly sized microparticles and to recognize PMs in optical devices.
Stiffener and staggered-square honeycomb structure design for lobster eye x ray micro pore optics
Authors: Li Longhui , Zhang Chen , Wang Jian , Cong Xiaoqing , Ling Zhixing , Jia Zhenqing , Hu Zexun , Cheng Yan
Published: July 2024

Lobster eye x ray micro pore optics (MPO) is a novel bionic optical technology with a unique microchannel structure. All square microchannels point to the same spherical center position, providing a wide field of view and high focusing and imaging capabilities. Enhancing the optical performance of MPO has been a significant challenge. This study introduces what we believe is a novel approach using a stiffener and staggered-square honeycomb structure design to enhance the optical properties of the MPO devices. The x ray test results show that the multifiber stiffener design enhances optical quality by approximately 20% during the melt pressing stage. The staggered-square honeycomb structure design reduces channel errors by nearly 67% in the thermal forming and coating stage. Consequently, the angular resolution of the MPO has been significantly enhanced, reducing from 4.25 to 2.68 arc min. This innovative structure design shows promise for enhancing lobster eye optics performance and has potential applications in the related field.
Computational underwater ghost imaging based on scattering-and-absorption degradation
Authors: Gao Xiangang , Zhang Chongyang , Li Xiaowei
Published: July 2024

In underwater computational ghost imaging, the presence of scattering and absorption introduces significant degradation, leading to blurring and distortion of illuminating patterns. This work proposes an anti-degradation underwater computational ghost imaging (AUGI) method based on the physical degradation model of underwater forward degradation caused by scattering and absorption. Through AUGI, we can enhance the quality of a reconstructed image by about 10% compared to differential ghost imaging (DGI) as measured by peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity (SSIM), as a result of simulations. We experimentally demonstrate the superior effectiveness of this method in the artificial submarine environment. Additionally, benefitting from its simplicity, this method is expected to be applied across a wide range of underwater ghost imaging applications.
“Best Paper” awards lack transparency, inclusivity, and support for Open Science
Authors: Lagisz Malgorzata , Rutkowska Joanna , Aich Upama , Ross Robert M. , Santana Manuela S. , Wang Joshua , Trubanová Nina , Page Matthew J. , Pua Andrew Adrian Yu , Yang Yefeng , Amin Bawan , Martinig April Robin , Barnett Adrian , Surendran Aswathi , Zhang Ju , Borg David N. , Elisee Jafsia , Wrightson James G. , Nakagawa Shinichi
Published: July 2024

Awards can propel academic careers. They also reflect the culture and values of the scientific community. But do awards incentivize greater transparency, inclusivity, and openness in science? Our cross-disciplinary survey of 222 awards for the “best” journal articles across all 27 SCImago subject areas revealed that journals and learned societies administering such awards generally publish little detail on their procedures and criteria. Award descriptions were brief, rarely including contact details or information on the nominations pool. Nominations of underrepresented groups were not explicitly encouraged, and concepts that align with Open Science were almost absent from the assessment criteria. At the same time, 10% of awards, especially the recently established ones, tended to use article-level impact metrics. USA-affiliated researchers dominated the winner’s pool (48%), while researchers from the Global South were uncommon (11%). Sixty-one percent of individual winners were men. Overall, Best Paper awards miss the global calls for greater transparency and equitable access to academic recognition. We provide concrete and implementable recommendations for scientific awards to improve the scientific recognition system and incentives for better scientific practice.
Increased cancer risk in HIV-infected individuals occupationally exposed to chemicals: Depression of p53 as the key driver
Authors: Udah Donald C. , Bakarey Adeleye S. , Anetor Gloria O. , Omabe Maxwell , Edem Victory F. , Ademowo Olusegun G. , Anetor John I.
Published: July 2024

The growing exposure to occupational chemicals and the spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are major global health issues. However, there is little data on the carcinogenic risk profile of HIV-infected individuals who have been occupationally exposed to chemical mixtures. This study therefore investigated the levels of cancer risk biomarkers in HIV-infected individuals exposed to occupational chemicals, exploring the relationship between apoptotic regulatory and oxidative response markers as a measure of cancer risk. Study participants (mean age 38.35±0.72 years) were divided into four groups according to their HIV status and occupational chemical exposure: 62 HIV-positive exposed (HPE), 66 HIV-positive unexposed (HPU), 60 HIV-negative exposed (HNE), and 60 HIV-negative unexposed (HNU). Serum p53, β-cell lymphoma-2 (bcl2), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured using standard methods. Clusters of differentiation 4 (CD4+) T-lymphocytes were enumerated using flow cytometry. Serum p53 and bcl2 levels in HPE (0.91±0.11ng/ml and 122.37±15.77ng/ml) were significantly lower than HNU (1.49±0.15ng/ml and 225.52±33.67ng/ml) (p < 0.05), respectively. Wildtype p53 and bcl2 were positively and significantly correlated with 8-OHdG (r = 0.35, p<0.001; r = 0.36, p<0.001) and SOD (r = 0.38, p<0.001; r = 0.39, p<0.001). After controlling for gender, age, BMI, and cigarette smoking, both HIV status and SOD activity were significantly associated with wildtype p53 and bcl2 (p < 0.05). Malondialdehyde was significantly higher in the HPE (0.72 ± 0.01 mg/ml) than in the HNE (0.68 ± 0.01 mg/ml) and HNU (0.67 ± 0.01 mg/ml) groups (p < 0.05). The HPE group showed significantly lower CD4 counts than the HNE and HNU groups. Individuals who are HIV-infected and occupationally exposed to chemicals have a constellation of depressed immunity, elevated oxidative stress, and loss of tumour suppressive functions, which together intensify cancer risk, providing valuable scientific and public health bases for preventive measures in this vulnerable population.
Measurement and analysis of the distortion of factor prices in China
Authors: Lan Guanxiufeng , Li Sumin
Published: July 2024

This study uses the extended C-D production function method to measure the total distortion of factor prices and the distortion of capital, labor and land factor prices in China’s provinces and cities. The results indicate that between 2000 and 2019, due to factors such as the dual economic structure between urban and rural areas, human intervention in the capital market, and lagging land marketization reform, both capital and land factor prices showed negative distortions, except for positive distortions in labor factor prices. The degree of this positive distortion began to gradually weaken, and even showed a negative distortion trend in some regions.