bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Humik Asit ve Mikrobiyal Gübre Uygulamalarının Toprak Biyokimyasal Özellikleri ve Agregat Stabilitesine Etkisi
Authors: ETEM Furkan , TÜRKMEN Cafer
Published: December 2023

Çalışmamızda topraklara Bitki Gelişimini Teşvik Edici Bakteriler (PGPB)’den iki ticari (A, B) ve bir yerli izolat karışımı (C) olmak üzere üç mikrobiyal gübre, yerli bir Humik Asitle (HA:TKİ-Humas) veya tek başlarına uygulanmıştır. İnkübasyon şartlarında üç dönemde (60., 90. ve 120. günler) örneklenen topraklarda; toprak enzimlerinden üreaz (Ürz), katalaz (Kat), dehidrogenaz (Dhg), alkali fosfataz (Aft) ve beta-glikozidaz (B-Gli) enzim aktiviteleri ile topraklarda solunum (CO2), mikroorganizma sayıları (Mos), amonyum (NH4), nitrat (NO3) ve agregat stabilitesi (Ast) analizleri yapılmıştır. Sonuçların HA ve Mikrobiyal Gübre Uygulamaları (MGU)’na bağımlı değişimleri örnekleme dönemlerine göre istatistiksel olarak incelenmiştir. HA uygulamasının 60. günde tek başına; Kat, B-Gli ve NH4, özelliklerine etkisi önemsiz olmuşken; yalnız MGU uygulamalarıyla tüm toprak özelliklerinin değişimi önemli olmuştur. HAxMGU dikkate alındığında yine tüm özelliklerin değişimi önemli olmuştur. İkinci dönemde tek başına MGU’a göre Aft değişimleri önemsiz olmuşken; HAxMGU‘nda yalnızca Kat. değişimleri önemsiz, diğer tüm özellikler önemli seviyelerde değişim göstermiştir. Üçüncü örneklemede ise HA uygulamasıyla CO2, Aft ve B-Gli değişimleri önemsizken; diğer özellikler önemli seviyelerde değişmiştir. Bu dönemde MGU tek başına ve HAxMGU’nda yine tüm özelliklerin değişimi önemli olmuştur (p
How the Nineteenth-century Evangelical Revival Strengthened Faith and Undermined Christendom
Authors: Gelfgren Stefan
Published: December 2023

This article deals with the paradoxical relationship between the nineteenth-century Evangelical Revival and secularization. It is argued here that the revival and its worldview played a role in increasing pluralism and choice in the nineteenth century – a process often related to secularization. The Evangelical movement both attempted to oppose modernity and rationalism and emphasized religious freedom, voluntarism, and individualism. It therefore induced and popularized self-reflection, doubt, and deconversion. It also favoured religious democracy in opposition to a state-imposed religious monopoly (at least in northern Europe). Furthermore, by dividing people into believers and nonbelievers, it emphasized religious polarization. This contributed to an undermining of established religious structures, fragmenting and pluralizing the religious landscape and giving people the option to abstain completely from religious commitment. The Swedish confessional (inner mission) revivalist denomination Evangeliska Fosterlands-Stiftelsen (EFS – approx. the Swedish Evangelical Mission Society), founded in 1856, is used as a case. The popular literature they published and distributed manifested an evangelical worldview. In this article four themes, based on the popular literature, are used to study empirically the changing role of religion in relation to nineteenth-century revivalism: ‘the dualistic worldview’; ‘conversion’; ‘activism’; and ‘self-reflection’.
Imagine There is no Death…
Authors: Sokolova Anna
Published: December 2023

The idea of human mortality and the funerary practices that derive from it seems to be one of the most enduring aspects of culture. What if we stated that death means nothing but pure organic decomposing, leaving nothing behind but the chemical constituents? What if such an approach became the basis of an active reformatory policy of a state? Soviet practices of death and attitudes toward dead bodies can be mentioned among the most significant changes that have taken place in Russian society over the past 150 years. While Soviet leaders have been given lavish state funerals, the death of an ‘average’ person has become less and less visible. Although the state made considerable efforts to reform the funeral sphere, this did not lead to the development and enhancement of brand-new funeral rituals. Rather this policy gradually diminished the social value of funerals and facilitated a transition to DIY funerals. Following Robert Hertz and Arnold van Gennep, I consider funerary practices as a social phenomenon and a social mechanism that allows society and its members to adapt to mortality, experience loss, and restore their integrity. In my talk, I will show how a new understanding of human nature and human mortality transformed the social fabric of Soviet society. Will the lecture be based on my recently published book ‘A New Death for a New Man? Funeral Culture of Early USSR’.
Discursive Study of Religion
Authors: Kyyrö Jere
Published: December 2023

This article reviews the state of the art of the discursive study of religion (DSR) in Finland through two recent monographs and an edited volume. These are approached from the point of view of a potential user of the conceptual tools of DSR, as well as a teacher of qualitative methods. The article summarizes the definitions of, variations within, as well as typologies and levels of DSR as they are portrayed in the three books. Finally, attention is paid to some practicalities of doing DSR.
Åke Hultkrantz on Method
Authors: Larsson Göran
Published: December 2023

In this text I focus on what I see as a shift that took place in Study of Religions in Sweden in the early 1970s. There are, of course, many ways to illustrate this change, but in this short article I will place the focus on the Swedish scholar Åke Hultkrantz (1920–2006) and on how his interest in methodological questions illustrates this turn.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN TINGKAT KESEHATAN BANK BUMN DAN BANK SWASTA DENGAN METODE RGEC
Authors: Lulu Amalia Nusron
Published: December 2023

The research aims to determine the assessment of the soundness level of state-owned banks and private banks book IV using the RGEC method during 2015-2019. The population of this research is all banks registered with the Financial Services Authority. This research is descriptive with a quantitative approach. The sample performance in this research used purposive sampling technique with certain criteria. The criteria are 1) The sample conventional commercial banks & state-owned enterprises are those included in book IV in 2015 - 2019. 2) National private banks & state-owned enterprises with core capital of more than 30 trillion & included in book IV during 2015-2019. 3) State-owned banks and conventional banks with a ratio of large and small core capital that are proportional to the value of the analysis method used is the different test with the independent sample test. The results of this research on the health assessment of the bank show that the NPL, LDR and ROA ratios are significant differences between private banks IV and state-owned banks, while for GCG, CAR and NIM there is no significant difference between the soundness level of state- owned banks and private banks BUKU IV.
Asuhan Kebidanan Berkelanjutan (Continuity of Care) dengan Nyeri Punggung Pada Ibu Hamil
Authors: Anggraeni Da Shilva Tristania , Fitriani Ardhita Listya
Published: December 2023

Menurut data yang dikumpulkan di PMB Bd. Riyanti ada sebanyak 10 ibu hamil yang mengalami nyeri punggung. Bidan mempunyai peran berkelanjutan dalam memberikan pelayanan kepada ibu hamil selama kehamilan, persalinan, persalinan, dan masa nifas. Deskripsi observasional adalah pendekatan yang digunakan untuk studi kasus ini. Ny D mengalami nyeri punggung sedang selama trimester ketiga kehamilannya,  telah dilakukan empat kali pemeriksaan kehamilan. Penulis merekomendasikan olahraga sebagai terapi nonfarmakologis bagi ibu hamil karena membantu menjaga dan meningkatkan kesehatan fisik, meningkatkan aliran darah, mengurangi nyeri dan nyeri, serta menyiapkan otot dan dasar panggul untuk melahirkan. Pada proses persalinan mengalami kecemasan. Penulis memberikan terapi low back efflurage massage sebagai cara non-farmasi untuk menjadikan keadaan tenang dan relaksasi. Masa nifas dan asuhan pada bayi dalam keadaan normal. Hasil dari teori-teori yang ada konsisten dengan pelayanan kebidanan yang diberikan secara berkelanjutan.
Futbol Kaleci Antrenörlerinin Kendi Algılarına ve Çalıştırdıkları Kalecilerin Algılarına Göre Liderlik Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi: İstanbul Gelişim Ligi’nde Bir Karma Yöntem Çalışması
Authors: Keskin Melih , Pehlivan Aysel , Albayrak Kuruoğlu Melek Yeşim , Akın Gökçe
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışma, futbol kaleci antrenörlerinin kendi algılarına ve çalıştırdıkları kalecilerin algılarına göre liderlik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi ve karşılaştırılması amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmada, nitel ve nicel araştırma yöntemlerinin bir arada kullanıldığı, karma araştırma yöntemi desenlerinden eş zamanlı paralel desen kullanılmıştır. Kaleci antrenörlerinin algıları nitel yöntemle, çalıştırdıkları kalecilerin antrenörleri hakkındaki liderlik algıları ise nicel yöntemle incelenmiştir. Çalışmaya Türkiye Futbol Federasyonu İstanbul Gelişim Ligi’ne katılan futbol takımlarında görev yapan sekiz (8) kaleci antrenörü ve çalıştırdıkları otuz sekiz (38) kaleci gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Kalecilere, antrenmandan önce “Spor İçin Liderlik Ölçeği” (Toros ve Tiryaki, 2006) uygulanılmış, eş zamanlı olarak diğer bir araştırmacı tarafından, kaleci antrenörlerine, araştırma grubunun hazırladığı nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu soruları sorulmuş, verdikleri cevaplar kayıt altına alınmıştır. Bundan sonra araştırmacılar tarafından düz metne çevrilen görüşmeler, içerik analizi yöntemiyle çözümlenerek, ana kategorilere ve bu kategoriler altında ortaklaşan kodlara ulaşılmıştır. Spor İçin Liderlik Ölçeğinde kalecilerin ortalama puanının en yüksek olduğu alt boyut, otokratik davranış alt boyutu (±3.46), en düşük olduğu alt boyut ise eğitmen öğretici davranış (±1.55) alt boyutudur. Bu araştırmaya göre, sporcuların antrenörlerini otokratik olarak tanımlamaktadır. Antrenörler ise kendilerini eşit ve adil, pozitif iletişim kuran, hata önleyen, geri bildirim alan olarak tanımladılar. Sonuç olarak, kaleci antrenörlerinin kendi liderlik özelliklerine dair algıları ile, kaleci sporcuların antrenörlerinin liderlik özelliklerine dair algılarının uyuşmadığı belirlenmiştir.
Osmanlı Merkez ve Taşrasında Fetva: Minkârîzâde Yahyâ Efendi ve Hayredin er-Remlî’nin Kitâbu’s-Siyer Fetvaları Örneğinde
Authors: ÇELİK Ahmet Faruk
Published: December 2023

Osmanlı Devleti’nin merkez ve taşra bölgelerindeki fetva pratiğini karşılaştırmalı olarak incelemek bu çalışmanın temel amacıdır. Makale, Osmanlı’nın geniş toprakları üzerindeki hukuki yapı ve merkez-taşra arasındaki fetva farklılıklarını ortaya koymaktadır. Osmanlı merkezini temsil eden Minkârîzâde Yahyâ Efendi’nin (ö.1088/1678) fetvaları ile Osmanlı taşrasını temsil eden Hayreddin er-Remlî’nin (ö.1081/1671) fetvalarını mukayese ederek, bu fetvaların kaynakları, içerikleri ve yapılarına dair bir inceleme sunmaktadır. Çalışma özellikle Kitâbu’s-Siyer yani uluslararası hukukla ilgili fıkhî hükümlere tekabül eden fetvalara odaklanmaktadır. Ayrıca, fetva metinlerinin içeriğinin, kişilerin sosyal, ekonomik ve kültürel koşullarıyla nasıl şekillendiğini ele almaktadır. Makalede öncelikle merkez ve taşra fetvalarının mukayesesi kapsamında fetva kaynaklarının karşılaştırılması yapılmaktadır. Gerek Yahya Efendi’nin fetvalarına yazılan nakiller gerekse er-Remlî’nin fetvalarında referans gösterilen eserler oldukça geniş bir kaynak çeşitliliğine sahiptir. Yahya Efendi ile er-Remlî’nin mecmualarında yer alan fetvaların soru-cevap yapıları karşılaştırıldığında iki mecmua arasında belirgin bir hacim farklılığı olduğu görülmektedir. er-Remlî’nin fetvaları hem soru hem de cevap olarak Yahyâ Efendi’nin fetvalarına göre daha geniş bir kapsama sahiptir. Konu ve sayı açısından ise Yahyâ Efendi’nin fetvaları hem nicelik hem de konu çeşitliliği bakımından Hayreddin er-Remlî’nin siyer fetvalarından daha geniş bir yelpazeye sahiptir. Bu durum, her ne kadar her iki alim de benzer konularda fetvalar vermiş olsalar da Yahyâ Efendi’nin eserlerinin daha geniş bir konu alanını kapsadığını göstermektedir. Minkârîzâde Yahyâ Efendi ve Hayreddin er-Remlî, birçok benzer konuda fetvalar vermişlerdir. İkisinin de Hanefi mezhebine göre fetva vermesi ve benzer hukuki kaynaklara başvurmaları benzer konularda benzer hükümler vermelerini sağlamıştır. Fetva konularındaki çeşitliliğin arkasında pek çok neden zikredilebilecek olsa da makalede bu çeşitlilik temelde şeyhülislamlık makamından kaynaklanan farkla açıklanmaktadır.
EVALUASI PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK PROFILAKSIS PADA PASIEN BEDAH DI RUMAH SAKIT BALA KESELAMATAN BOKOR DENGAN METODE DEFINE DAILY DOSE DAN GYSSENS
Authors: Kirana Alda Galuh , Susanto FX Haryanto , Nugraha Dhanang Prawira
Published: December 2023

Infectious diseases remain a significant public health concern, especially in developing countries. Infection involves the transmission and multiplication of infectious agents within the host's body. An infection is a condition caused by pathogenic microorganisms, with or without accompanying clinical symptoms (Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, 2017). The aim of this study is to provide an overview of surgical patients and the pattern of antibiotic use based on the DDD and Gyssen methods at Bala Keselamatan Bokor Hospital. This observational study was conducted retrospectively by reviewing patients' medical records at the hospital from January 1 to March 31, 2023. The data were then analyzed using the Gyssens and ATC/DDD methods. The results of the study showed that surgical patients have two main characteristics based on age and gender. The highest age range was 56 to 65 years, accounting for (25%) of the cases, with the majority being male, constituting (28%) of the cases. The second-highest age range was 46 to 56 years, making up (23%) of the cases, with females comprising (29%) of the cases. Regarding the evaluation of the quantity of antibiotic use using the ATC/DDD method, the highest DDD value was observed for ceftriaxone with a percentage of (7.6%).
Amino acid nitrogen isotopic compositions show seep copepods gain nutrition from host animals
Authors: Ishikawa NF , Chen C , Hashimoto R , Ogawa NO , Uyeno D , Nomaki H
Published: December 2023

Deep-sea chemosynthetic ecosystems harbour high biomass centred around animals with chemoautotrophic symbionts. Despite being intensively studied over the last 4 decades, microscopic animals associated with and/or parasitic on dominating holobionts remain understudied. Here, we combine bulk tissue isotope analysis for carbon and nitrogen and compound-specific isotope analysis of amino acids (CSIA-AA) for nitrogen to elucidate the relationship between 2 copepod-host pairs from the Off Hatsushima hydrothermal seep in Sagami Bay, Japan: the vesicomyid clam Phreagena okutanii and Hyphalion sagamiense living on its mantle, and the tubeworm Lamellibrachia columna and Dirivultus kaiko found on its plume. Bulk tissue isotope analyses found overall large variations in δ13C and δ15N values across both associations, and did not allow conclusions on the trophic relationship between each pair. In contrast, CSIA-AA for Phreagena-Hyphalion clearly showed trophic positions (TPGlu/Phe) increasing from gill (symbiont) to adductor muscle (host tissue) to H. sagamiense. In the case of Lamellibrachia-Dirivultus, a similar increase in TPGlu/Phe was found from the plume to D. kaiko. These results show that both H. sagamiense and D. kaiko are nutritionally dependent on their respective hosts and therefore should be considered parasites despite being from copepod families that are typically not recognised as parasitic. Our CSIA-AA results represent the first use of this technique to document host-parasite relationships in chemosynthetic ecosystems. Understanding the role of parasites is of great importance in reconstructing energy flow in ecosystems, and our results underscore the promising nature of CSIA-AA in revealing their otherwise hidden relationships.
Postprandial Triglyceride, Glucose and Insulin Levels 10 Years After Bariatric Surgery in Women With Severe Obesity – A Pilot Study: Part 1 – Laparoscopic Greater Curvature Plication
Authors: Metelcová T , Hainer V , Hill M , Kalousková P , Vrbíková J , Šrámková P , Fried M , Taxová Braunerová R , Kunešová M
Published: December 2023

The long-term effects of bariatric surgery on postprandial profiles in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) have not yet been investigated. Therefore, this study examined postprandial profiles before laparoscopic greater curvature plication (LGCP), and then at 2 and 10 years after surgery.The studied cohort included 10 women (mean age= 54.4±5 years) with obesity (mean BMI= 42.5±7.8 kg/m²) and T2D who underwent LGCP. All subjects underwent a standardized liquid mixed-meal test. For statistical evaluation, ANOVA with Bonferroni multiple comparison was used. Mean postprandial levels were significantly decreased 2 years after surgery. Responses 10 years after the surgery also remained significantly lower than before surgery. Changes observed during the follow-up were significant: glucose: F=34.5, p<0.001; insulin: F=49.3, p<0.001; triglycerides F=9.2, p<0.001. The long-term favorable effects of bariatric surgery on cardiometabolic health may be partly mediated by reductions in postprandial glucose, insulin, and triglyceride levels.
The Endocannabinoid System and Its Relationship to Human Reproduction
Authors: Pařízek A , Suchopár J , Laštůvka Z , Alblová M , Hill M , Dušková M
Published: December 2023

The endocannabinoid system is among the most important regulators of human reproduction. It already applies at the level of the sperm and the egg, plays an important role in the fertilization of the egg, its implantation, regulates the function of the placenta and participates in childbirth. The aim of this work is to summarize the knowledge accumulated so far and to show that the endocannabinoid system must be perfectly regulated in order to maintain a physiological pregnancy from implantation to delivery. Only an exceptional interplay of enzymes such as NAPE-PDL or FAAH, endogenous cannabinoids and cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2 can ensure the proper functioning of the reproductive organs and thus lead to delivery on time. Changes in the endocannabinoid system can lead to a number of pathological conditions, e.g., during blastocyst implantation, retardation of embryo development, impaired placental function or miscarriage. Soon, we can expect not only an understanding of all the regulatory events associated with the endocannabinoid system and other regulatory systems that participate in reproduction, but also several possibilities for pharmacotherapeutic interventions that can modify the formation, degradation and effect of endocannabinoids. It cannot be ruled out that some components of the endocannabinoid system could become a marker for monitoring pregnancy and childbirth.
Molecular Regulation of the CNS by Vitamin D
Authors: Máčová L , Kancheva R , Bičíková M
Published: December 2023

Vitamin D is a lipid-soluble vitamin that can be found in some foods. It is also produced endogenously (in the presence of ultraviolet light), transported through the blood to the targets organs and this is the reason to consider vitamin D as a hormone. It is known that vitamin D has genomic and non-genomic effects. This review is focused mainly on the vitamin D receptors, the importance of vitamin D as a neuromodulator, the role of vitamin D in the pathophysiology of devastating neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease and the benefit of vitamin D and its derivates in alleviating these disorders.
Molecular Genetic Aspects of Sporadic Multiglandular Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Včelák J , Šerková Z , Zajíčková K
Published: December 2023

Multiglandular primary hyperparathyroidism (MGD) represents a rare form of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). MGD is associated with hereditary PHPT, but the sporadic MGD is more common and affects a similar patient profile as single gland parathyroid disease (SGD). The distinction between SGD and MGD is of great clinical importance, especially for the strategy of parathyroidectomy. Based on the limited knowledge available, MGD is likely to be a genetically heterogeneous disease resulting from the interaction of germline and somatic DNA mutations together with epigenetic alterations. Furthermore, these events may combine and occur independently in parathyroid tumors within the same individual with MGD. Gene expression profiling has shown that SGD and MGD may represent distinct entities in parathyroid tumorigenesis. We are waiting for studies to analyze exactly which genes are different in SGD and MGD in order to identify potential biomarkers that can distinguish between the two forms of the disease.
Az agyi neuronhálózatok szerepe a dementiák kialakulásában: vizsgálati módszereink az optogenetikától a mesterséges intelligenciáig
Authors: Hangya Balázs
Published: December 2023

A Kísérleti Orvostudományi Kutatóintézet Rendszer-Neurobiológia Ku­tatócsoportjában a fő célkitűzésünk a kognitív folyamatok agyi mechanizmusainak jobb megértése. A tanulás, memória, figyelem és döntéshozás idegrendszeri alapjait nemcsak normális körülmények között, hanem kóros állapotokban is vizsgáljuk, különös tekintettel a neurodegeneratív dementiákra, mint az Alzheimer- és a Par­kinson-kór.
Cemil Koçak (2022), 27 Mayıs’ın Kayıp Anayasası, VakıfBank Kültür Yayınları, 198 sayfa
Authors: DUMAN Enis
Published: December 2023

Türkiye’de tek parti dönemini ele alan çalışmalarıyla öne çıkan Cemil Koçak’ın 27 Mayıs’ın Kayıp Anayasası kitabı, Türk anayasacılık tarihinde saf dışı bırakılan, onun deyimiyle “unutulan” bir anayasal tecrübeyi tekrar hatırlatmaktadır. Koçak, 27 Mayıs 1960 askerî darbesinin hemen sonrasında Millî Birlik Komitesi tarafından görevlendirilen Sıddık Sami Onar başkanlığındaki bir ilim heyetinin hazırladığı anayasa tasarısını; muhteviyatı, tasarıdaki maddelere heyet içinden sunulan şerhler ve bu düzenlemelere sebep olan siyasal bağlamla birlikte ele almaktadır. Koçak’ın eseri münhasıran Onar’ın tasarısına, onun oluşum sürecine, heyet içerisindeki karşıt görüşlere yer vermesi ve bahse konu tasarının gözden düşme sebebini ele alması bakımından ilgili diğer çalışmalardan ayrılmaktadır.
DEVELOPMENT OF POWERPOINT-BASED INTERACTIVE LEARNING MEDIA ON CLASS VIII EXCRETORY SYSTEM MATERIAL SMP
Authors: Ahmad Hasyim Asy'ari  , Af'idah Noer
Published: December 2023

Learning media had an important role in the learning process. The selection of appropriate learning media can increased students motivation and understanding in the teaching and learning process. One of the media that often used was PowerPoint, which can presented text, images, and animated videos. However, in one SMPN Riau, still used whiteboard as a learning. The aims of this research was to produced PowerPoint-based interactive learning media on the excretory system material that was feasible to used. This research followed the ADDIE development procedure through analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The validator declared the results of this study were very valid with an average score of 3.72. The practical test results obtained from the implementation of the media usage sheet and questionnaire responses of students achieved an average score of 92.16%, indicating very practical criteria. The effectiveness of the media was then evaluated based on the results of the post-test, which showed an average value of 87.5, which indicated very effective criteria. Thus the PowerPoint-based interactive learning media that has been developed is deemed fit to be used as a learning media.
ANALISIS RASIO FINAL GEAR DAN KEMIRINGAN JALAN TERHADAP DAYA, EFISIENSI MEKANIS, WAKTU AKSELERASI DAN SPECIFIC FUEL CONSUMPTION (SFC) PADA MOTOR 110 INJEKSI
Authors: Iqbaal Fawwaz Thoriq Fadhlullah
Published: December 2023

The community perceives that vehicles used in daily activities, especially when carrying heavy loads such as going uphill or transporting goods, experience a lack of power and torque.
The objective of this study is to determine the results of calculations and experiments on power, mechanical efficiency, acceleration time, and Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC) between using standard factory gears and modified gears.
In the power test, using gear 38 resulted in the highest power output of 8.85 hp at 7500 rpm. Regarding mechanical efficiency, gear 38 achieved the highest value of 0.9987 at 6500 rpm. As for acceleration time, the steeper the road gradient, the lower the maximum achievable speed. Moreover, in terms of SFC, particularly in the test involving road gradient, the most fuel-efficient result was obtained at a 5° gradient using gear 40 with an SFC value of 0.04127 Kg/Hp.hour at 6000 rpm, while the highest fuel consumption was recorded at a 30° gradient using gear 38, with an SFC value of 0.1158 Kg/Hp.hour at 8000 rpm
RANCANG BANGUN BAGIAN PNEUMATIK MESIN PEWARNA BENANG TENUN IKAT SEMI OTOMATIS
Authors: Mutiara Bahtiar Ahmad Dony , Hendarti Devina Rosa , Cahyono Hiding , Setiawan Deny
Published: December 2023

Untuk Meningkatkan produksi kain tenun dan efisiensi produksi kain tenun, alternatif yang dapat mewujudkan peningkatan itu yaitu dengan membuat Rancang Bangun Mesin Pewarna Benang Tenun. Metode perancangan Mesin Pewarna Benang Tenun Ikat Menggunakan sistem pneumatik dan motor listrik sebagai sumber pengerak, meliputi perancangan desain, perancangan elemen mesin (rangka mesin, Bak penampung cairan pewarna, pemutar benang tenun ikat, pulley, v-belt dan sistem pneumatik). Mesin pewarna benang tenun ikat semi otomatis bagian pneumatik mengunakan piston pneumatik Diameter 32 mm dan kebutuhan udara yang dibutuhkan 0,000746 m3/s.
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF SPACER LENGTH CHANGES ON TORQUE MOTORCYCLE 110 cc
Authors: Yuwan Dirta Ficky Yuwan Dirta
Published: December 2023

As the age of a vehicle increases, the performance of its 110 cc automatic transmission engine tends to decline. This decline in performance becomes especially noticeable when less of responsive or attempting to navigate uphill terrains. Consequently, it becomes necessary to take measures to enhance the torque of the motorcycle. One such measure involves replacing the spacer length. This study aims to investigate the impact of spacer length adjustments on torque. The research methodology employed was experimental, involved variations in spacer lengths of 37.5 mm, 38.5 mm, and 40.0 mm. The findings reveal that the highest torque of 30.1 N.m was achieved with the 37.5 mm spacer, whereas the 38.5 mm spacer yielded a torque of 27.9 N.m, and the 40.0 mm spacer resulted in a torque of 23.8 N.m.
Construction of recombinant adenovirus-5 vector to prevent replication-competent adenovirus occurrence
Authors: Xie Wenbo , Yuan Yifei , Liu Bo , Liang Min
Published: December 2023

Human adenovirus-5 (hAd5) is an important gene delivery vector, which has been widely used in various fields of biomedicine, such as gene therapy, cancer therapy, and vaccine development. However, replication-competent adenovirus (RCA) generated when adenoviral vectors are prepared in HEK293 cells has remained a concern. In this study, the human adenovirus-5 was modified to shorten the length of homologous sequence between the adenovirus and HEK293 genomic DNA, thereby reducing the production of RCA. The recombinant hAd5 was amplified and serially passaged 12 times in HEK293 cells. The amounts of RCA at passage 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 were detected by quantitative real-time PCR. The results demonstrated that the modification of adenoviral vector could effectively reduce the production of RCA during serial passages in HEK293 cells.
Analysis of associations between the TLR3 SNPs rs3775291 and rs3775290 and COVID-19 in a cohort of professionals of Belém-PA, Brazil
Authors: Silva Marcos Jessé Abrahão , Vieira Marcelo Cleyton da Silva , Souza Alex Brito , Santos Everaldina Cordeiro dos , Marcelino Beatriz dos Reis , Casseb Samir Mansour Moraes , Lima Karla Valéria Batista , Lima Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa
Published: December 2023

The objective of this article was to verify associations between the SNPs rs3775291 (Cytosine [C]>Thymine [T]) and rs3775290 (C>T) of TLR3 in professionals from Health Institutions (HI) who worked during the first pandemic wave and COVID-19. A case-control study was carried out with workers from HI in Belém-PA, Brazil, divided into symptomatology groups (Asymptomatic-AS, n=91; and Symptomatic-SI, n=121), and severity groups, classified by Chest CT scan (symptomatic with lung involvement – SCP, n=34; symptomatic without lung involvement – SSP, n=8). Genotyping was performed by Sanger sequencing and statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS program. In the analysis of SNP rs3775291, the homozygous recessive genotype (T/T) was not found and the frequency of the mutant allele (T) was less than 2% in the cohort. For the rs3775290 SNP, the frequency of the mutant allele (T) was greater than 42% in the cohort. No significant associations were found for these SNPs in this cohort (N= 212 individuals). The scientific community and physicians can use these facts to find new methods of managing COVID-19.
Exploring fMRI RDMs: enhancing model robustness through neurobiological data
Authors: Pickard William , Sikes Kelsey , Jamil Huma , Chaffee Nicholas , Blanchard Nathaniel , Kirby Michael , Peterson Chris
Published: December 2023

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are sensitive to perturbations and adversarial attacks. One hypothesized solution to adversarial robustness is to align manifolds in the embedded space of neural networks with biologically grounded manifolds. Recent state-of-the-art works that emphasize learning robust neural representations, rather than optimizing for a specific target task like classification, support the idea that researchers should investigate this hypothesis. While works have shown that fine-tuning ANNs to coincide with biological vision does increase robustness to both perturbations and adversarial attacks, these works have relied on proprietary datasets—the lack of publicly available biological benchmarks makes it difficult to evaluate the efficacy of these claims. Here, we deliver a curated dataset consisting of biological representations of images taken from two commonly used computer vision datasets, ImageNet and COCO, that can be easily integrated into model training and evaluation. Specifically, we take a large functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) dataset (BOLD5000), preprocess it into representational dissimilarity matrices (RDMs), and establish an infrastructure that anyone can use to train models with biologically grounded representations. Using this infrastructure, we investigate the representations of several popular neural networks and find that as networks have been optimized for tasks, their correspondence with biological fidelity has decreased. Additionally, we use a previously unexplored graph-based technique, Fiedler partitioning, to showcase the viability of the biological data, and the potential to extend these analyses by extending RDMs into Laplacian matrices. Overall, our findings demonstrate the potential of utilizing our new biological benchmark to effectively enhance the robustness of models.
Sinus arrest in a p.Arg160X-DSP-positive patient without evidence of desmoplakin-mediated cardiomyopathy: a case report
Authors: Tan Nicholas Y. , Giudicessi John R. , Harvey Jason R. , Asirvatham Samuel J. , Siontis Konstantinos C.
Published: December 2023

Background

Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic variants in DSP-encoded desmoplakin are strongly associated with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM). However, their contribution towards sinus node dysfunction has not been well-delineated.

Case summary

A 74-year-old man with a pathogenic variant of DSP-encoded desmoplakin (c.478C >T; p.Arg160X) but no evidence of ACM presented with one episode of syncope in the setting of a gastrointestinal illness. Workup including echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and Holter monitor did not show evidence of ACM or significant arrhythmias. One month later, he experienced several closely-spaced episodes of syncope associated with long sinus pauses and sinus arrest documented on telemetry. He underwent urgent dual chamber pacemaker implantation, during which a ventricular programmed stimulation study was performed and was negative for sustained ventricular arrhythmias. His syncopal episodes resolved and he had no recurrent events on three-month follow-up.

Discussion

As highlighted here, DSP-encoded desmoplakin pathogenic/Likely pathogenic variants may contribute to isolated sinus node dysfunction. This clinical link should be further explored in larger studies involving patients with DSP variants.
Beyond-accuracy: a review on diversity, serendipity, and fairness in recommender systems based on graph neural networks
Authors: Duricic Tomislav , Kowald Dominik , Lacic Emanuel , Lex Elisabeth
Published: December 2023

By providing personalized suggestions to users, recommender systems have become essential to numerous online platforms. Collaborative filtering, particularly graph-based approaches using Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), have demonstrated great results in terms of recommendation accuracy. However, accuracy may not always be the most important criterion for evaluating recommender systems' performance, since beyond-accuracy aspects such as recommendation diversity, serendipity, and fairness can strongly influence user engagement and satisfaction. This review paper focuses on addressing these dimensions in GNN-based recommender systems, going beyond the conventional accuracy-centric perspective. We begin by reviewing recent developments in approaches that improve not only the accuracy-diversity trade-off but also promote serendipity, and fairness in GNN-based recommender systems. We discuss different stages of model development including data preprocessing, graph construction, embedding initialization, propagation layers, embedding fusion, score computation, and training methodologies. Furthermore, we present a look into the practical difficulties encountered in assuring diversity, serendipity, and fairness, while retaining high accuracy. Finally, we discuss potential future research directions for developing more robust GNN-based recommender systems that go beyond the unidimensional perspective of focusing solely on accuracy. This review aims to provide researchers and practitioners with an in-depth understanding of the multifaceted issues that arise when designing GNN-based recommender systems, setting our work apart by offering a comprehensive exploration of beyond-accuracy dimensions.
Spatiotemporal variation of habitat quality and its response to fractional vegetation cover change and human disturbance in the Loess Plateau
Authors: Shi Nana , Yang Huicai , Wang Qi , Han Yu , Yan Haiming , Xiao Nengwen
Published: December 2023

It is of great practical significance to regional ecological conservation and restoration to explore the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of habitat quality in the ecologically fragile Loess Plateau. This study firstly explored the habitat quality in the Loess Plateau during 2000-2020 with the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs model. Then this study revealed the response characteristics of habitat quality to the fractional vegetation cover (FVC) change and human disturbance with the geographically weighted regression (GWR) model. Results showed habitat quality tended to improve in 51.16% of the study area, and area of high or very high habitat quality increased by 1.78%. Besides, FVC showed dominantly significant increase (62.42%) and high stability (69.66%) in the study area, and human disturbance increased remarkably in 18.11% of the study area but maintained the same level in 91.83% of the study area. Additionally, areas with positive correlation between habitat quality change and FVC and between habitat quality change and human disturbance change accounted for 52.56% and 37.38% of the study area, respectively, indicating FVC played dominant role in affecting the regional habitat quality variation. This study can provide important decision support information for the future ecological conservation of the Loess Plateau.
Positive association between omega-3/6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a mendelian randomization study
Authors: Li Jilai , Huang Ning , Zhang Xiang , Peng Jie , Huang Qin
Published: December 2023

Background: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a common disease among the elderly, which brings great harm to the health of patients and imposes a huge economic burden on the healthcare system. Research has shown that it is possible to prevent iNPH through nutritional and dietary interventions. Intake of omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can reduce the risk of many diseases. In this study, we aimed to explore the association between omega-3/6 PUFAs and iNPH.

Methods: We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study using summary data from publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to evaluate the potential impact of omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs on the risk of iNPH in European populations. Inverse variance weighting was used as the main method for MR analysis, with Wald ratio, weighted median, MR-Egger, simple mode, and weighted mode as supplementary methods. In addition, we performed a series of instrument variable strength evaluations and sensitivity analyses to test the reliability of the study results. Finally, we also conducted a linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) analysis to assess the genetic correlation and distinguish between causal associations and shared genetic variants between PUFAs and iNPH.

Results: One SD increase in genetically predicted levels of total omega-3 PUFAs (OR: 0.748; 95% CI: 0.597–0.937; p = 0.012; IVW), DHA (OR: 0.709; 95% CI: 0.532–0.945; p = 0.019; IVW), ALA (OR: 0.001; 95% CI: 1.17E-06–0.423; p = 0.026; Wald ratio), and DHA (OR: 0.709; 95% CI: 0.532–0.945; p = 0.019; IVW) were associated with a reduced iNPH risk. LDSC did not reveal any significant genetic correlations.

Conclusion: Higher genetically predicted levels of total omega-3 PUFAs, ALA, DHA, and DPA are associated with a reduced risk of iNPH. These findings have important implications for preventing iNPH and future nutritional guidance.
Implications of tRNA abundance on translation elongation across bovine tissues
Authors: Goldkamp Anna K. , Hagen Darren E.
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Translation is a crucial stage of gene expression. It may also act as an additional layer of regulation that plays an important role in gene expression and function. Highly expressed genes are believed to be codon-biased to support increased protein production, in which quickly translated codons correspond to highly abundant tRNAs. Synonymous SNPs, considered to be silent due to the degeneracy of the genetic code, may shift protein abundance and function through alterations in translational efficiency and suboptimal pairing to lowly abundant tRNAs.

Methods: Here, we applied Quantitative Mature tRNA sequencing (QuantM-tRNAseq) and ribosome profiling across bovine tissues in order to investigate the relationship between tRNA expression and slowed translation.

Results: Moreover, we have identified genes modulated at transcriptional and/or translational levels underlying tissue-specific biological processes. We have also successfully defined pausing sites that depict the regulatory information encoded within the open reading frame of transcripts, which could be related to translation rate and facilitate proper protein folding. This work offers an atlas of distinctive pausing sites across three bovine tissues, which provides an opportunity to predict codon optimality and understand tissue-specific mechanisms of regulating protein synthesis.
Concurrent remission of lymphoma and Sjögren’s disease following anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapy for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a case report
Authors: Sheng Lingshuang , Zhang Yilun , Song Qi , Jiang Xufeng , Cao Weiguo , Li Lei , Yi Hongmei , Weng Xiangqin , Chen Sheng , Wang Zhongmin , Wu Wen , Wang Li , Zhao Weili , Yan Zixun
Published: December 2023

Anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells not only target CD19-positive malignant lymphoma cells but also normal B cells. The utility of CAR-T cell therapy has been reported in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus; however, its use in Sjögren’s disease (SjD) remains unknown. In this study, we describe the case of a 76-year-old woman with active SjD for 10 years who was diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. After receiving anti-CD19 CAR-T cell therapy, she achieved complete remission (CR) on day 28. Since the onset of her 10-year history with SjD, she was negative for antinuclear antibodies and anti-Ro-52 for the first time on day 90 after CAR-T cell therapy. Six months after CAR-T cell therapy, the CR status was maintained, serum cytokine levels returned to their normal levels, and dry mouth symptoms improved. The EULAR Sjögren’s Syndrome Disease Activity Index score decreased from 5 to 2, indicating a partial remission of SjD activity compared with that before CAR-T cell treatment. In the early stage of treatment, she presented with grade 2 cytokine release syndrome and grade 1 neurotoxicity, which were completely controlled after an active intervention. This case highlights the potential application of CAR-T cells in treating autoimmune diseases, such as SjD.
Growth and natural mortality of Maurolicus muelleri and Benthosema glaciale in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Vastenhoud Berthe M. J. , Mildenberger Tobias K. , Kokkalis Alexandros , Paoletti Silvia , Alvarez Paula , Garcia Dorleta , Wieczorek Alina M. , Klevjer Thor , Melle Webjørn , Jonsson Sigurður T. , Nielsen J. Rasmus
Published: December 2023

Mesopelagic fish are considered a possible future fisheries resource, but the biological sustainability of their potential exploitation has not yet been assessed. Sustainability should be evaluated at the population level, for which accurate stock-specific life-history parameters are required. Here, we use a length-based model to estimate life-history parameters related to growth and natural mortality, and their uncertainty, for the assessment of Northeast Atlantic populations of Maurolicus muelleri (Gmelin, 1789, Mueller’s Pearlside) and Benthosema glaciale (Reinhardt, 1837, glacier lantern fish). We compare three different approaches to estimate natural mortality rates and provide recommendations for future data collection and monitoring programs. For M. muelleri, we estimated an asymptotic length of 57.98 mm and a von Bertalanffy growth constant of 1.28 year−1, while for B. glaciale, we estimated an asymptotic length of 78.93 mm and a von Bertalanffy growth constant of 0.41 year−1. Estimates of natural mortality rates for M. muelleri were around 1.29 year−1 and 1.80 year−1 based on empirical formulae with the estimated growth parameters and maximum age, respectively, and around 1.51 year−1 with the length-converted catch curve method for B. glaciale estimates ranged between 0.5, 0.68, and 0.75 year−1, with the three respective methods. Due to limited data availability, the estimated uncertainty of the provided life-history parameters is large and should be considered in the evaluation of the sustainability of potential mesopelagic exploitation following the precautionary approach.
Taxonomic and functional diversity of subtidal benthic communities associated with hard substrates at Crozet archipelago (sub-Antarctic, Southern Ocean)
Authors: Lelièvre Yann , Specq Léa , Lamy Thomas , Boyé Aurélien , Downey Rachel V. , Saucède Thomas
Published: December 2023

Sub-Antarctic coastal marine ecosystems harbor rich and diverse benthic communities. Despite their ecological uniqueness and vulnerability to global changes, studies on benthic communities remain limited. Using underwater video-imagery, we investigated the taxonomic and functional diversity of benthic communities associated with hard substrates at Baie du Marin (Ile de la Possession, Crozet archipelago). The Baie du Marin species richness and diversity were additively partitioned to evaluate spatial patterns of species through the following spatial scales: within images, among images within transects, and among transects. We analyzed imagery data from seven transects located at different sites inside Baie du Marin and covering contrasting natural rocky habitats and underwater artificial cable substrates. A total of 50 faunal (mainly represented by Echinodermata and Porifera phyla) and 14 algae (mainly represented by Rhodophyta phylum) taxa were identified. Rocky substrates were dominated by high densities of the polychaetes Parasabella sp. and Lanice marionensis, whereas submarine cables were dominated by high densities of the bivalve Kidderia sp. attached to macroalgae. Our results show contrasted distribution patterns in the faunal and algal assemblages within the Baie du Marin, with significant ecological differences between submarine cables and natural rocky substrates. Larger spatial scale (i.e., among transects) accounted for most of the bay richness and diversity, highlighting a high-level of habitat heterogeneity within the bay. Through a trait-based approach, our findings revealed that Crozet benthic communities are characterized by low functional richness, evenness, and redundancy, highlighting a potential vulnerability to current and future natural and anthropogenic changes. This study provides a novel bentho-ecological baseline for future assessments of natural and anthropogenic impacts on the marine environment of the Crozet archipelago; and for the conservation management of these remote habitats that make part of the French Southern Territories Marine Protected Area, recently inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage list.