bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The prevalence of urogenital and intestinal schistosomiasis among school age children (6–13 years) in the Okavango Delta in Botswana
Authors: Phaladze Nthabiseng A. , Molefi Lebotse , Thakadu Olekae T. , Tsima Onalenna , Ngwenya Barbara N. , Molefi Tuduetso L. , Tshiamo Wananani B.
Published: May 2023

This study sought to investigate prevalence of urogenital and intestinal schistosomiasis among school age children 6–13 years in selected communities in the Okavango Delta. The termination of the Botswana national schistosomiasis control program in 1993 contributed to its neglect. An outbreak of schistosomiasis in 2017 at one of the primary schools in the northeastern part of the country resulted in 42 positive cases, indicating that the disease exists. A total of 1,611 school age children 6–13 years were randomly selected from school registers in 10 primary schools; from which 1603 urine and 1404 stool samples were collected. Macroscopic examination of urine and stool for color, odor, blood; viscosity, consistency, and the presence of worms. Urine filtration and centrifugation methods were used to increase sensitivity of detecting parasite ova. Kato-Katz and Formalin-Ether were used for the examination of stool samples. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Results were expressed as odds ratio (OR) with their 95% CI and statistical significance set at p < 0.05. A total of (n = 1611) school age children 6–13 years participated in the study, mean age 9.7years (SD 2.06), females (54%) and males (46%). Results indicated an overall prevalence of SS. hematobium and S.mansoni at 8.7% and 0.64% respectively. Intensity of SS. hematobium was generally light (97.6%) and heavy intensity (2.4%). Results also revealed a knowledge deficit, about 58% of children had never heard of bilharzia even though they lived in communities where the disease was previously endemic. Learners who had a family member who previously suffered from schistosomiasis had higher knowledge than those who did not. Interestingly, these learners were likely to engage in risky behaviors compared to those with lower knowledge of the disease. An integrated approach that emphasizes health education, mass drug administration, water, sanitation, and hygiene infrastructure should be prioritized for prevention and control of schistosomiasis.
An unbroken network of interactions connecting flagellin domains is required for motility in viscous environments
Authors: Nedeljković Marko , Kreutzberger Mark A. B. , Postel Sandra , Bonsor Daniel , Xing Yingying , Jacob Neil , Schuler William J. , Egelman Edward H. , Sundberg Eric J.
Published: May 2023

In its simplest form, bacterial flagellar filaments are composed of flagellin proteins with just two helical inner domains, which together comprise the filament core. Although this minimal filament is sufficient to provide motility in many flagellated bacteria, most bacteria produce flagella composed of flagellin proteins with one or more outer domains arranged in a variety of supramolecular architectures radiating from the inner core. Flagellin outer domains are known to be involved in adhesion, proteolysis and immune evasion but have not been thought to be required for motility. Here we show that in the Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 strain, a bacterium that forms a ridged filament with a dimerization of its flagellin outer domains, motility is categorically dependent on these flagellin outer domains. Moreover, a comprehensive network of intermolecular interactions connecting the inner domains to the outer domains, the outer domains to one another, and the outer domains back to the inner domain filament core, is required for motility. This inter-domain connectivity confers PAO1 flagella with increased stability, essential for its motility in viscous environments. Additionally, we find that such ridged flagellar filaments are not unique to Pseudomonas but are, instead, present throughout diverse bacterial phyla.
Genomes of the autonomous parvovirus minute virus of mice induce replication stress through RPA exhaustion
Authors: Haubold MegAnn K. , Aquino Jessica N. Pita , Rubin Sarah R. , Jones Isabella K. , Larsen Clairine I. S. , Pham Edward , Majumder Kinjal
Published: May 2023

The oncolytic autonomous parvovirus Minute Virus of Mice (MVM) establishes infection in the nuclear environment by usurping host DNA damage signaling proteins in the vicinity of cellular DNA break sites. MVM replication induces a global cellular DNA Damage Response (DDR) that is dependent on signaling by the ATM kinase and inactivates the cellular ATR-kinase pathway. However, the mechanism of how MVM generates cellular DNA breaks remains unknown. Using single molecule DNA Fiber Analysis, we have discovered that MVM infection leads to a shortening of host replication forks as infection progresses, as well as induction of replication stress prior to the initiation of virus replication. Ectopically expressed viral non-structural proteins NS1 and NS2 are sufficient to cause host-cell replication stress, as is the presence of UV-inactivated non-replicative MVM genomes. The host single-stranded DNA binding protein Replication Protein A (RPA) associates with the UV-inactivated MVM genomes, suggesting MVM genomes might serve as a sink for cellular stores of RPA. Overexpressing RPA in host cells prior to UV-MVM infection rescues DNA fiber lengths and increases MVM replication, confirming that MVM genomes deplete RPA stores to cause replication stress. Together, these results indicate that parvovirus genomes induce replication stress through RPA exhaustion, rendering the host genome vulnerable to additional DNA breaks.
Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, infected cell binding and neutralization by antibodies to the SIV envelope glycoprotein
Authors: Grunst Michael W. , Ladd Ruby A. , Clark Natasha M. , Gil Hwi Min , Klenchin Vadim A. , Mason Rosemarie , Franchini Genoveffa , Roederer Mario , Evans David T.
Published: May 2023

Antibodies specific for diverse epitopes of the simian immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoprotein (SIV Env) have been isolated from rhesus macaques to provide physiologically relevant reagents for investigating antibody-mediated protection in this species as a nonhuman primate model for HIV/AIDS. With increasing interest in the contribution of Fc-mediated effector functions to protective immunity, we selected thirty antibodies representing different classes of SIV Env epitopes for a comparison of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), binding to Env on the surface of infected cells and neutralization of viral infectivity. These activities were measured against cells infected with neutralization-sensitive (SIVmac316 and SIVsmE660-FL14) and neutralization-resistant (SIVmac239 and SIVsmE543-3) viruses representing genetically distinct isolates. Antibodies to the CD4-binding site and CD4-inducible epitopes were identified with especially potent ADCC against all four viruses. ADCC correlated well with antibody binding to virus-infected cells. ADCC also correlated with neutralization. However, several instances of ADCC without detectable neutralization or neutralization without detectable ADCC were observed. The incomplete correspondence between ADCC and neutralization shows that some antibody-Env interactions can uncouple these antiviral activities. Nevertheless, the overall correlation between neutralization and ADCC implies that most antibodies that are capable of binding to Env on the surface of virions to block infectivity are also capable of binding to Env on the surface of virus-infected cells to direct their elimination by ADCC.
Sense of fairness or hunger for revenge? It does make a difference
Authors: Ormos Mihály , Timotity Dusán
Published: May 2023

We analyze the driving factors of anomalistic patterns found in experimental studies related to bargaining games. In particular, we investigate whether the well-documented deviation from self-interested behavior can be partly, or entirely, attributed to revenge rather than fairness. Although, in general, related literature does not distinguish between the two latter notions, we highlight their differences and show that revenge significantly, and independently from the sense of fairness, contributes to decision-making in ultimatum games. Moreover, we show that, when controlling for various attributes, the hunger for revenge becomes the sole driving factor for both positively and negatively reciprocal behavior, rendering the sense of fairness insignificant. Our further cross-sectional analysis yields that gender differences are also very significant; however, the measured effects of fairness and revenge remain unaffected by this latter finding.
The preferences for economic growth in the post-Soviet countries. A multicounty study
Authors: Ortikov Akhmadjon , Čábelková Inna , Rotterova Svitlana , Zhytna Olesya , Smutka Luboš
Published: May 2023

Although economic growth is always one of the priorities for a country, an ever-growing economy is unsustainable in the long run. Environment protection, public participation in decision-making, and, nowadays, even strong defense forces gain increasing importance for country sustainability. The paper studies trade-offs between national goals as impacted by the population values and attitudes in the post-soviet region. We study a representative dataset from eleven countries (N=20006, age 18+, M ± SD: 46,04 ± 17,07; 58% women, 46,8% upper education). Two indicators are utilized to determine the preferences for economic growth – the growth as the most important priority (the other three being military spending, public participation in social life, and aesthetics of city and countryside) and economic growth at the expense of environmental protection. Methodologically, we rely on correlations and confidence intervals for mean values (95%) analyses to study the associations and the country differences in preferences for economic growth. The results suggest that (1) post-Soviet countries are largely heterogeneous in their preference for economic growth as compared to other priorities, and geographically close countries may have opposing attitudes, and (2) the country-level correlations of the two indicators of preferences for economic growth produced opposite statistically significant correlations in different countries.
The role of sustainable finance in achieving sustainable development goals
Authors: Streimikiene Dalia , Mikalauskiene Asta , Burbaite Greta
Published: May 2023

In the article, the analysis of scientific literature leads to the definition of sustainable finance and identification of its types. This distinction allows for a more detailed examination of sustainable finance in different contexts, especially when only one type of sustainable finance is considered. The empirical study that has been carried out in the Baltic Sea states confirms that sustainable finance has an impact on the implementation of sustainable development goals. The countries that use more sustainable finance have better results in terms of the SDGs. The created research model reflects the sequence of data collection and the process of determining the relationship between sustainable development and sustainable finance. The correlation between the two is confirmed by the conducted research. The more sustainable is the country's financial model, the better is the implementation of sustainable development goals.
Sustainable e-commerce and environmental impact on sustainability
Authors: Oláh Judit , Popp József , Khan Muhammad Asif , Kitukutha Nicodemus
Published: May 2023

Sustainability is one of the most important socio-economic-environmental topics of the time. Consumers are increasingly demanding companies to have eco-friendly approaches that ensure sustainable e-commerce. There is a great challenge to e-commerce business, taking into account that e-commerce is connected with frequent shipping, high return rates, and non-recyclable packaging, which cause a negative impact on the environment. The studies show that e-commerce is rapidly growing and widely accepted. However, the challenge is how to sustain the growth of e-commerce in the long run considering the environmental impact. Therefore, the research gap on sustainable e-commerce should be considered in the light of the environmental impact. Qualitative, quantitative and cluster analysis methods are applied in this study. The results indicate that investing in more sustainable processes has a positive environmental impact. According to the survey, two out of three customers find online retailers adopting sustainability policies important. Only one out of four customers has decided to refuse firms that do not meet sustainability practices. Therefore, the studies of sustainable e-commerce are crucial. The findings indicate that most European countries have adopted e-commerce sustainability policies while countries in Africa have adopted only few (Kenya). Thus, theoretical and managerial implications are proposed in this study. In addition, all stakeholders should apply policies governing sustainable e-commerce and environmental impact: the government, retailers, and consumers.
Descrição da cinética de desidratação osmótica de fatias circulares de banana com casca
Authors: Brito Juliana Gomes , Palmeira Gomes Josivanda , Pereira da Silva Wilton , Diniz Pereira da Silva e Silva Cleide Maria , Cavalcante Almeida  Farias Aires Kalina Ligia , Farias Aires Juarez Everton
Published: May 2023

A cinética de desidratação osmótica é uma técnica comumente utilizado no processamento de frutas imersas em soluções de sacarose concentradas sob diferentes temperaturas. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a cinética de desidratação osmótica de fatias circulares de banana Pacovan com casca, a 5 mm de espessura, submetidas às temperaturas de 40 e 70 °C, com solução de sacarose nas concentrações de 40, 50 e 60 °Brix. Acompanhadas no período de 4 horas e as condições de equilíbrio foram determinadas após 24 horas de imersão. A perda de água e ganho de sacarose durante a desidratação osmótica foram ajustados aos modelos de Lewis, Henderson e Pabis, Page, Peleg e Silva et alii, através do programa LAB Fit para descrever o processo, e os melhores indicadores estatísticos foram obtidos com os modelos de Peleg e Silva et alii, para descrever o fenômeno de transferência de água, já os modelos de Page e Peleg descrevem satisfatoriamente o ganho de sacarose. A inspeção gráfica da quantidade de água (e de sacarose) indicou que a remoção de aproximadamente 80% de água contida no produto ocorreu em até 800 min. A análise das superfícies de resposta obtidas em 800 min revelou que o tratamento a 70 °C e 60 °Brix foi o responsável pela maior perda de água e ganho de sacarose.
APLICAÇÃO DE ZEÓLITAS COMO ALTERNATIVA PARA MINORAR EFEITOS DO ESTRESSE SALINO EM Ixora coccínea L.
Authors: De Sousa Humberto Gildo , Feitosa de Lacerda Claudivan , Damasceno da Silva Lindomar Roberto , Ferreira de Medeiros Wiliana Júlia , Santos Cavalcante Eduardo , Mendonça de Sousa Alfredo
Published: May 2023

Zeólitas são aluminossilicatos cristalinos com capacidade de adsorção de cátions em solos e águas. Nesse contexto, objetivou-se avaliar o potencial de uma zeólita sintética do tipo A, aplicada ao substrato, em reduzir a extração de Na+ por plantas da espécie ornamental Ixora coccínea L., e, consequentemente, mitigar os efeitos negativos da salinidade na fisiologia e no crescimento dessa espécie. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em casa de vegetação, no período de abril a junho de 2018. O experimento foi realizado sob um delineamento em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 4×2, correspondendo a quatro níveis de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação - CEa (0,6; 2,0; 3,4 e 5,0 dS m-¹), com presença e ausência de zeólita e quatro repetições. A salinidade da água de irrigação apresentou efeitos deletérios à espécie ornamental I. coccínea, provocando reduções nas trocas gasosas foliares, na produção de flores e no crescimento das plantas. Não se observou acúmulo de Na+ nos tecidos foliares, sugerindo que os efeitos negativos da salinidade foram associados principalmente ao componente osmótico do estresse salino. Interação entre salinidade e zeólitas foi observada para produção de biomassa da parte aérea e total, observando-se, todavia, baixo acúmulo de sódio nas folhas, o que impossibilitou concluir sobre algum efeito benéfico da zeólita em I. coccínea sob estresse salino.
Substâncias húmicas e formas de aplicação no enraizamento de estacas semilenhosas de oliveira
Authors: Ritter Giovana , Villa Fabíola , Silva Daniel Fernandes da , Eberling Tatiane , Guimarães Vandeir Francisco , Silva Edvan Costa da , Dória Joyce
Published: May 2023

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o enraizamento de estacas semilenhosas de oliveiras por meio de substancias húmicas e forma de aplicação. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos sob condições de telado com 30% de retenção da radiação e em canteiro de alvenaria, completo com areia. Sobre o canteiro foi construído um túnel baixo nas dimensões de 5 x 0,80 m e 0,55 m de altura, coberto com plástico transparente, dentro do túnel havia um sistema de irrigação como nebulização intermitente. O primeiro experimento foi o enraizamento de estacas das cultivares Maria da Fé e Ascolano. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 2 x 5 com 3 repetições de 25 estacas. O segundo experimento constituiu-se no enraizamento das duas cultivares por meio de três formas de aplicação do produto comercial SoloHumics® mais a testemunha. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 2 x 4. Os dados foram coletados 75 dias após a montagem e foram realizadas algumas avaliações fitotecnias. As estacas da cultivar Ascolano 315 apresentaram o melhor enraizamento no tratamento com ácidos húmicos. O produto comercial favoreceu maior comprimento médio da maior raiz para a cultivar Maria da Fé e os ácidos fúlvicos favoreceram para a Ascolano 315. O melhor método de aplicação de substâncias húmicas deu-se na forma de irrigação do leito para a cultivar Maria da Fé.
Advances in the bladder cancer research using 3D culture models
Authors: Gu Yexin , Lu Ye , Xiong Yunqiang , Zhan Xiangpeng , Liu Taobin , Tang Min , Xie An , Liu Xiaoqiang , Fu Bin
Published: May 2023

Bladder cancer represents the most common malignancy of the urinary system, posing a significant threat to patients' life. Animal models and two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures, among other traditional models, have been used for years to study various aspects of bladder cancer. However, these methods are subject to various limitations when mimicking the tumor microenvironment in vivo, thus hindering the further improvement of bladder cancer treatments. Recently, three-dimensional (3D) culture models have attracted extensive attention since they overcome the shortcomings of their traditional counterparts. Most importantly, 3D culture models more accurately reproduce the tumor microenvironment in the human body because they can recapitulate the cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions. 3D culture models can thereby help us gain deeper insight into the bladder cancer. The 3D culture models of tumor cells can extend the culture duration and allow for co-culturing with different cell types. Study of patient-specific bladder cancer mutations and subtypes is made possible by the ability to preserve cells isolated from particular patients in 3D culture models. It will be feasible to develop customized treatments that target relevant signaling pathways or biomarkers. This article reviews the development, application, advantages, and limitations of traditional modeling systems and 3D culture models used in the study of bladder cancer and discusses the potential application of 3D culture models.
El proceso político de las derechas en Colombia y los imaginarios sobre las guerras internacionales 1940-1955: Un análisis desde la perspectiva de La Violencia colombiana y su conexidad con el acontecer europeo.
Authors: Del Valle Villarreal Neil
Published: May 2023

El proceso político de las derechas en Colombia y los imaginarios sobre las guerras internacionales 1940-1955 es una obra publicada en el año 2014 por Javier Guerrero Barón, doctor y magister en historia de laUniversidad Nacional de Colombia. El doctor Guerrero es presidente de la comisión de asesoría para laenseñanza de la historia del Ministerio de Educación Nacional colombiano.
School Art Murals Reflecting the Immigrant Experience: A Mixed-methods Social-ecological Approach to Assess Perceptions of Staff and Students
Authors: Shegog Ross , Zhao Michelle , Raja Jamila , Shegog Evan , Leass Elizabeth , Siddiqui Aisha
Published: May 2023

Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the perceived social-ecological impacts of school-based art mural installations that represented the immigrant and refugee experience in a major urban center in southeast Texas. Methods: We adapted surveys (ixia and National School Climate Center) to assess 4 theory-based individual- and community-level constructs with school personnel (N = 9) and students (N = 23) in 3 ethnically diverse inner-city schools in Houston, Texas. Focus groups and interviews captured their perceptions and experiences with the art murals in their own voice. Results: Most participants (> 90%) agreed that the art murals were socially valuable to the school community, neighborhood, and interpersonal relationships, in addition to providing increased economic value (p < .01). Participants responded that there were better relationships between the school communities and their neighborhoods and increased school pride. Student reflections and behaviors were commensurate with the murals’ inspirational messages. Conclusion: Findings contribute to understanding the benefits of public art in predominantly minority school settings that reflect the immigrant and refugee experience and aspirations for improving health within a community.
Systematic Review of College-based Bystander Interventions to Reduce Sexual Violence
Authors: Banton Kelsey , Williams Ronald , Housman Jeff
Published: May 2023

Objective: Up to 20% of female students experience some form of sexual violence while attending college. Bystander intervention programs to reduce sexual violence among university students are increasingly common, yet their effectiveness is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review of literature on issues of sexual violence on college campuses, as well as the role of bystander intervention programs and bystander behavior. Methods: Using PRISMA guidelines, database and reference list reviews generated a total of 530 resources from 1972 to 2020. Results: Screenings resulted in a total of 106 resources including peer-reviewed articles, governmental reports, and other scholarly references. Conclusions: Research into campus-based sexual violence has documented the increasing popularity of bystander intervention programs. Although these bystander programs are popular, literature highlights their limited effectiveness in reducing campusbased sexual violence. Future research should explore methods to increase understanding of how bystander intervention programs impact immediate and long-term behavior. Research also should explore motivations to intervene during lower risk situations on the sexual violence continuum which could help explain motivations to intervene during higher-risk situations.
Petri net analysis of a queueing inventory system with orbital search by the server
Authors: Ikhlef Lyes , Hakmi Sedda , Lekadir Ouiza , Aïssani Djamil
Published: May 2023

In this article, a queueing inventory system with finite sources of demands, retrial demands, service time, lead time,

(

s
,
S

)

\left(s,S)

replenishment policy, and demands search from the orbit was studied. When the lead time is exponentially distributed (resp. lead time is generally distributed), generalized stochastic Petri net (GSPN) (resp. Markov regenerative stochastic Petri net [MRSPN]) is proposed for this inventory system. The quantitative analysis of this stochastic Petri net model was obtained by continuous time Markov chain for the GSPN model (resp. the supplementary variable method for the MRSPN model). The probability distributions are obtained, witch allowed us to compute performance measures and the expected cost rate of the studied system.
The specific and the ambiguous: what can we say of royal ideology of bronze coin types of the earliest Seleucid kings?
Authors: Shearer Jenny Parr
Published: May 2023

This article argues that the bronze coin types of the earliest Seleucid kings clearly illustrate the royal ideology of Seleucus I and his co-rulership with Antiochus I. This article considers the audience and meaning of the bronzes, as well as their minting patterns. After a discussion of the obverse and reverse types, this article focuses on two images: that of the bull and the anchor. The bull being both highly produced, and open to interpretation, and the anchor being a symbol more personal and specific to Seleucus I. This article then goes on to put forward that the bull/anchor types produced at Aï Khanoum/Bactra were a deliberate link on the part of Antiochus to the types produced by Seleucus I to create an imperial image.
Citizenship for sale?
Authors: Dmitriev Sviatoslav
Published: May 2023

Reexamining inscriptional and literary sources on grants ofpoliteiaby ancient Greek cities in exchange for money allows us to rethink the commonly accepted interpretation of these grants as the sale of citizenship. This article argues that such grants actually reciprocated benefactions that involved a financial expenditure in the interests of the city. These grants could be interpreted as a sale ofpoliteia, similar to today’s grants of citizenship offered by many countries in return for investments. However, like these modern gifts of citizenship, the grants in ancient Greece reflected a basic norm thatpoliteiacould only be conferred on benefactors.
Cultural unit blue in the Old Testament
Authors: Almalech Mony
Published: May 2023

The paper describes and analyzes the full presence of blue in the Old Testament – in Hebrew and translations. The interdisciplinary approach includes the treatment of color as a cultural unit according to of Eco’s idea, lexical and contextual semantics, distinguishing visual and verbal color languages. The interface between verbal and visual color language is the prototype. Prototypes are universal natural visual objects – sky, sea, fire, blood, the sun at noon, all plants, light, milk, snow, darkness, and coal and have evolved into cultural units (Eco 1996 [1985]) in all cultures and languages. Basic Color Terms (BCT – blue), Prototype Terms (PT – sky and sea), Rivals Terms of prototypes (RT – sapphire, blue skins), Terms for Basic Features of the Prototypes (TBFP – breadth, infinite, boundless) are examined. Translation is a criterion for semiotic value, cultural and linguistic context. Norm of Test of Free Word-Associations is a source of non-color (secondary) meanings of verbal colors. Test results allow us to flesh out the hidden links ‘prototype color─most typical feature of the prototype─secondary meanings of color’ in text and visual culture. The secondary cultural meanings of BCTs and RTs are specified in color compounds. The color blue tehèlet is used in most cases in synergy (not in opposition) with the other three colors in a tetrad: purple argamàn─scarlet tolàat shanì─linen shesh. Analysis on the synergic relations is performed. The same applies to duads blue-linen, blue-purple, blue skins-scarlet, blue skins-red skins. Color compounds are elements of the Priestly Code, therefore a hypothesis on compounds at semiotic axes is developed. The PT sky is involved in religious heritage. Themes as Hebrew substitute shamàim for the Tetragrammaton, the Hierarchy of heavens complete the areas of cultural unit blue in the Old Testament.
Global analysis and control for a vector-borne epidemic model with multi-edge infection on complex networks
Authors: Ding Yanlin , Jiao Jianjun
Published: May 2023

In this study, a vector-borne epidemic model with multi-edge infection on complex networks is built. Using the method of next-generation matrix, the basic reproduction number

R

0

{R}_{0}

is calculated, and if

R

0

<
1

{R}_{0}\lt 1

, the disease-free equilibrium

E

0

{E}_{0}

is globally asymptotically stable; if

R

0

>
1

{R}_{0}\gt 1

, there exists a unique endemic equilibrium

i

∗

=

(

i

1

∗

,

i

2

∗

,

…

,

i

n

∗

)

{i}^{\ast }=\left({i}_{1}^{\ast },{i}_{2}^{\ast },\ldots ,{i}_{n}^{\ast })

that is globally attractive. Moreover, three control strategies are proposed to control the spread of infectious diseases. Finally, some numerical simulations are given to illustrate our theoretical results.
Crystal structure of triaqua-(5-bromoisophthalato-κ1
O)-(2,2′-bipyridine-κ2
N:N′)nickel(II) hydrate, C18H19BrN2NiO8
Authors: Shi Zhen-Zhen , Chen Jun-Ling
Published: May 2023

C18H19BrN2NiO8, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 16.7861(4) Å, b = 7.0732(2) Å, c = 17.1041(4) Å, β = 

102.674

(
2
)

°

$102.674(2){}^{\circ}$

, V = 1981.31(9) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0340, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0670, T = 293(2) K.
The crystal structure of 2-amino-4-carboxypyridin-1-ium perchlorate, C6H7ClN2O6
Authors: Zhang Tao , Luo Yingchun , Hu Hailiang
Published: May 2023

C6H7ClN2O6, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 5.3033(6) Å, b = 8.8875(10) Å, c = 10.3403(12) Å, α = 

73.427

(
10
)

°

$73.427(10){}^{\circ}$

, β = 85.158(10)°, γ = 73.284(10)°, V = 447.38(9) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0370, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0900, T = 292.99(10) K.
The crystal structure of 2,2-bis(3-methoxyphenyl)-1-tosyl-1,2-dihydro- 2λ4,3λ4 -[1,3,2]diazaborolo[4,5,1-ij]quinoline - dichloromethane (1/1)
Authors: Ding Siyi
Published: May 2023

C31H29N2BO4Cl2, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 1), a = 8.7365(3) Å, b = 11.9533(4) Å, c = 14.3566(5) Å, α = 85.7280(10)°, β = 74.8450(10)°, γ = 85.1990(10)°, V = 1439.88(9) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt
(F) = 0.0478, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1176, T = 298 K.
Electroporation effect of ZnO nanoarrays under low voltage for water disinfection
Authors: Yin Yingzheng , Ding Jie , Cao Yue , Li Shaozhi , Ma Qingbo , Li Jinyang , Xu Xiaoling , Hui David , Zhou Zuowan
Published: May 2023

It is quite necessary to develop a safe and efficient technique for disinfection of drinking water to avoid waterborne pathogens of infectious diseases. Herein, ZnO nanoarray electrodes with different sizes were investigated for low-voltage and high-efficiency electroporation disinfection. The results indicated that the ZnO nano-pyramid with small tip width and proper length exhibited over 99.9% disinfection efficiency against Escherichia coli under 1 V and a flow rate of 10 mL/min (contact time of 1.2 s). The suitable size of the nanoarray for electroporation disinfection was optimized by establishing the correlation between four kinds of ZnO nanoarrays and their efficiency of electroporation disinfection, which can guide the preparation of next-generation electroporation-disinfecting electrodes.
Grade-C kenaf fiber (poor quality) as an alternative material for textile crafts
Authors: Ciptandi Fajar , Puspitasari Citra
Published: May 2023

This research focuses on the development of utilizing Grade-C kenaf fibers (poor quality) produced from plantations in Pesanggarahan village, Lamongan regency, Indonesia, to produce alternative textile materials for textile craft and textile products. High-quality kenaf fibers have been utilized in the automotive, pulp and paper, and geotextile industries, while low-quality kenaf fibers are considered less potential and have only been used as gunny sacks. This research was conducted through an exploration and experimental approach, dividing the process into four stages, namely: (1) scouring stage using standard degumming of cellulose fibers; (2) testing strength and elongation of fibers; (3) bleaching stage of fibers; and (4) textile exploration stage with design and craft approach to create yarn and fabric weaving and crochet techniques, and the results were quantitatively tested to identify their mechanical and physical properties. This is beneficial as a solution to add value to a material to produce material trends for the development of textile craft products.
Presentational relative clauses introduced byżein Polish
Authors: Guz Wojciech
Published: May 2023

In this article, I examine relative uses of Polishże, which is normally regarded as a ‘that’-type complementizer. As is shown with corpus data,żeis in some contexts used as a non-canonical relativizer in colloquial spoken language, a use which may be seen as a relic function reflecting the historical origin of the subordinator. Crucially, I argue that contemporary relative uses ofżeare restricted to a specific functional variety, i. e. the presentational relative construction, as developed by, among others, Lambrecht (1988a, 1988b), Duffield et al. (2010), and Murelli (2011). Additional issues that will be addressed are the varying degrees of clausal integration and the rather fluid continuum of the very functions performed byże: its relative uses, general subordinator uses,żemarking elaboration/reformulation, as well as the relativization/complementation contrast.
Strawberry Additive Increases Nicotine Vapor Sampling and Systemic Exposure But Does Not Enhance Pavlovian-Based Nicotine Reward in Mice
Authors: Patten Theresa , Johnson Natalie L. , Shaw Jessica K. , Dossat Amanda M. , Dreier Allison , Kimball Bruce A. , Wesson Daniel W. , De Biasi Mariella
Published: May 2023

Nicotine is an addictive drug whose popularity has recently increased, particularly among adolescents, because of the availability of electronic nicotine devices (i.e., “vaping”) and nicotine e-liquids containing additives with rich chemosensory properties. Some efforts to understand the role of these additives in nicotine reward suggest that they increase nicotine reward and reinforcement, but the sensory contributions of additives, especially in their vapor forms, are largely untested. Here, to better understand how a fruit-flavored (i.e., strawberry) additive influences nicotine reward and aversion, we used a conditioned place preference (CPP) procedure in which nicotine and a strawberry additive were delivered as a vapor to male and female adolescent mice. We found that nicotine vapor alone can lead to a dose-dependent CPP when using a biased design. The strawberry additive did not produce CPP on its own, and we did not observe an effect of the strawberry additive on nicotine vapor-induced reward. Nevertheless, mice exposed to nicotine plus strawberry additive vapor had higher plasma cotinine concentrations, which did not appear to reflect altered nicotine metabolism. Instead, by directly measuring vapor sampling through respiration monitoring, we uncovered an increase in the amount of sniffing toward strawberry-containing nicotine vapor compared with nicotine vapor alone. Together these data indicate that chemosensory-rich e-liquid additives may enhance the perceived sensory profile of nicotine vapors rather than the reward value per se, which leads to overall increased nicotine exposure.
WRF-Chem quantification of transport events and emissions sensitivity in Korea during KORUS-AQ
Authors: Tang Beiming , Saide Pablo E. , Gao Meng , Carmichael Gregory R. , Stanier Charles O.
Published: May 2023

To quantify the relative roles of long-range transport (LRT) versus locally emitted aerosol and ozone precursors during polluted periods in Korea, high-resolution (4 km) Weather Research and Forecasting with Chemistry model simulations were performed. The model was evaluated using surface and airborne observations collected during the KORea and United States Air Quality campaign. Ozone above 40 ppb had mean bias of −5.9 ppb. PM2.5 was biased high (8.2 µg/m3), with a relative bias of 30% given the mean observed value of 26.8 µg/m3. The absolute amounts and shifts between phases for all PM2.5 species except nitrate reasonably match observations across all 4 phases. Notable limitations include an underestimation of nighttime planetary boundary layer height. Transport versus domestic emissions influence was studied by model runs with perturbed emissions and by comparing east-west fluxes over the Yellow Sea to Korean emissions and other normalization metrics. Domestic anthropogenic emission contributions to surface air quality were quantified by location across Korea, segregated by synoptic meteorological phase. The largest contributions from Korean emissions were found under high-pressure stagnant conditions and the smallest for conditions with strong westerly winds. For example, at Seoul, domestic contributions of PM2.5 averaged 49% and 29% in the aforementioned meteorological phases, respectively. Surface concentrations of NOx and toluene in Seoul were over 85% due to domestic emissions. CO and black carbon had both local and remote contributions. Nitrate and ammonium contributions varied greatly by phases in Seoul, with 7%–51% nitrate and 42%–70% of ammonium from remote sources. Variation in direction (west-to-east vs. east-to-west) and magnitude of fluxes support the model sensitivity results. Analysis using fluxes facilitates the quantification of source contributions for secondary species and, in many cases, can be done using a single model run or reanalysis result. The analysis presented shows the importance of using models with high spatial resolution to capture pollutant transport and mixing around Korea. However, there remain uncertainties in secondary aerosol production mechanisms and indications that local production at times could be higher than those modeled in this analysis. Therefore, the results presented here should be viewed as an upper limit on the importance of LRT.
Global Social Sciences? Introducing a Series of Special Collections on the State and the Potential of the Social Sciences across the Globe
Authors: Anheier Helmut K.
Published: May 2023

Nominally, the social sciences maintain the ideological aspiration of a unified, global endeavor for a better understanding of human societies, their economies, cultures, and polities. Over 150 years after their founding period, there is significant fragmentation and unevenness in this quest to understand the human condition. Distinct hierarchies and exclusionary structures emerged between the “West” and regions like Latin America, Africa, the Middle East, China and India and many parts of Asia. Some countries, even entire regions, are terra incognita from a Western vantage point and relegated to “area studies.” At the same time, distinct social science traditions have formed in countries and regions outside the West, with a new interest in developing approaches that rely less on Western foundations and conventional academic practices.

The questions become: Are the social sciences drifting further apart, or is there a possibility of greater dialogue, even cohesiveness, to advance our knowledge and understanding globally rather than only in some regions or countries? And if so, why, how, and for what? What are the main foci in research and teaching? What is the degree of institutionalization, and how could the global, regional, and national potentials of the social sciences be better realized?

To approach these questions, Global Perspectives launches systematic assessments of the state and the potential of the social sciences in different parts of the world. They address five key issue clusters: Western hegemony and fragmentation; basic conceptual and epistemological considerations; ideologies and normative foundations; academic freedom; and professionalization and commercialization. Given the significant scale and complex scope of the social sciences with their many specific subfields, methodologies, and curricula as well as varying degrees of professional institutionalization and different political backgrounds, the special collections present reflective essays on the state and the potential of the social sciences rather than comprehensive empirical stock-taking.
Bulls fed a high-gain diet decrease blastocyst formation after in vitro fertilization
Authors: Seekford Zachary K , Davis Dylan B , Dickson Mackenzie J , Melo Gonçlaves Lucas , Burato Samir , Holton Matthew P , Gordon Julie , Pohler Ky G , Cliff Lamb G , Pringle Timothy D , Stewart Robert L , Ferrer Maria S , Fontes Pedro L P , Bromfield John J
Published: May 2023

In brief

Paternal high-gain diet reduces blastocyst development following in vitro fertilization and embryo culture but does not affect gene expression or cellular allocation of resultant blastocysts.

Bulls used in cattle production are often overfed to induce rapid growth, early puberty, and increase sale price. While the negative consequences of undernutrition on bull sperm quality are known, it is unclear how a high-gain diet influences embryo development. We hypothesized that semen collected from bulls fed a high-gain diet would have a reduced capacity to produce blastocysts following in vitro fertilization. Eight mature bulls were stratified by body weight and fed the same diet for 67 days at either a maintenance level (0.5% body weight per day; n = 4) or a high-gain rate (1.25% body weight per day; n = 4). Semen was collected by electroejaculation at the end of the feeding regimen and subjected to sperm analysis, frozen, and used for in vitro fertilization. The high-gain diet increased body weight, average daily gain, and subcutaneous fat thickness compared to the maintenance diet. Sperm of high-gain bulls tended to have increased early necrosis and had increased post-thaw acrosome damage compared with maintenance bulls, but diet did not affect sperm motility or morphology. Semen of high-gain bulls reduced the percentage of cleaved oocytes that developed to blastocyst stage embryos. Paternal diet had no effect on the number of total or CDX2-positive cells of blastocysts, or blastocysts gene expression for markers associated with developmental capacity. Feeding bulls a high-gain diet did not affect sperm morphology or motility, but increased adiposity and reduced the ability of sperm to generate blastocyst-stage embryos.
MAIN ASPECTS OF THE MANUFACTURER OF ORGANIC PRODUCTS IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Liviv National Environmental University, Ukraine, Оhоrоdnyk Nataliia
Published: May 2023

The article is devoted to highlighting the state and prospects for the development of organic production in Ukraine. The main requirements for the production, classification and labeling of organic products of animal and plant origin are presented. The current legal norms governing their certification and circulation are emphasized. The key provisions regarding evaluation and regulation in this field of activity are reflected. The stages of improvement of the domestic legislative framework of organic production are shown on the way of adaptation to European standards.Purpose. To highlight the state and prospects for the development of organic production in Ukraine and the improvement of the legislative framework of organic production on the way to adaptation to European standards. Materials and methods. Methodical analysis and abstract-logical method for summarizing the criteria for evaluating the formation, development and integration of domestic organic production into the structure of the world production of safe products of animal husbandry and crop production. Results. The article describes in detail the development of the organic movement, which is a promising lever for food security in Ukraine. Therefore, the work on the legal regulation of the activities of domestic producers of organic products does not stop. The legislation is improving in the direction of introducing effective state support in this area at the regional and national levels. Of course, organic feed production, animal husbandry and crop production will continue to exist in parallel with non-organic production. However, the principles and relationship of these systems will depend significantly on the availability of energy sources, plant protection products, fertilizers, soil fertility, care for the preservation of the natural environment, ensuring welfare population and its needs in healthy nutrition. In addition, for the restoration of agricultural lands, demining and bioremediation with the use of bacterial and phytoremediation of soil and water resources should be applied. For this, after the liberation of our state, a return to the peaceful management of the national economy is necessary. We believe in the victory and restoration of Ukraine with the help of allied states and people of good will.
ULTRASOUND-ASSISTED AND ENZYMATIC-BASED METHOD FOR ISOLATION OF β-GLUCANS FROM OAT BRAN
Authors:   Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Korsa V. V.
Published: May 2023

β-Glucans are a group of non-starchy polysaccharides, or (1,3),(1,4)-β-D-glucans, that can be found in the cell walls of several species of bacteria, algae, lichens, fungi, and cereal grains. These carbohydrates are extensively used in food industry, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and healthcare, therefore optimization of the extraction and isolation of β-glucans from grain sources has an especial importance in various fields of biotechnology, drug design, food science and technology. The aim of the study was to develop an optimized technological scheme for isolation of β-glucans from oat bran based on ultrasonic and enzymatic processing of raw material. Materials and methods. β-Glucans were isolated from grinded oat cereals during multi-stage process, which includes extraction of grain fats, hydrobarothermic processing, ultrasonification, enzymatic hydrolysis of concomitant starch and proteins, precipitation of β-glucan fraction by ethanol, centrifugation, and dry-freezing. Yield of β-glucans from raw material and its concentration in the final product were determined after hydrolysis by sulfuric acid or enzymatic cleavage by endo-1,3(4)-β-glucanase. Results. As shown by acidic hydrolysis of the final product, the yield of β-glucans was 10.8 ± 0.23% and concentration was 79.6 ± 3.89%, while enzymatic hydrolysis gave 8.7 ± 0.82% and 65.1 ± 4.72%, respectively. Thus, the use of hydrobarothermic and ultrasound pre-treatment of raw material in combination with proteolytic digestion of ballast lipids and proteins allowed producing oat β-glucans in amounts comparable with those in case of acid- or alkali-based procedures. Conclusions. The described technological scheme of β-glucan isolation from oat bran based on sequential hydrobarothermic processing, ultrasonification, and enzymatic removing starch and proteins can be widely used for routine β-glucan production for various purposes in food technology, pharmacological industry, and medicine.