bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Potential of Mangrove Forest as Natural Tourism Area Based on the Flora-Fauna Characteristics and Social Aspect Case Study: Mangrove forest in Angsana Village
Authors: Kissinger  , Alfi Syahrin Noor , Muhayah NP Rina , Violet
Published: June 2020

Mangrove forests as natural resources have potential value as natural tourism. This research aims to analyze the potential of mangroves based on the ecological perspective of flora fauna and socio-cultural to be a natural tourism area. The object of this research is the mangrove forest and its resources. The research location was Angsana Village, Angsana District, Tanah Bumbu Regency, South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. The equipment used was a set of survey tools and questionnaires. The flora and fauna characteristics of the mangrove forest were determined by the species compositions analysis with a tabulation matrix method. The socio-cultural aspects were analyzed descriptively. The potential of mangrove forests as natural tourism was analyzed using a tabulation matrix and narrative descriptive. The composition of tree species as a whole consisted of 14 species. There were 19 species of birds, 6 species of mammals, and 7 species of fish found in the mangrove forest area. The community strongly agree that mangroves can be used as a tourist area. Angsana Village has mangrove vegetation around the river which has approximately 43.61 Ha in size was naturally undisturbed and accessible by a road. The mangrove forest of the village of Angsana is estimated about 200 meters far from Angsana Beach. Based on an analysis of the potential of mangrove forests, this area has the potentials to be developed as natural tourism and even ecotourism. Mangrove natural tourism area can be developed as additional tourism objects that are already running from Angsana Beach tourist destinations.
The Benefits of Chalcone and Its Derivatives as Antibacterial Agents: A Review
Authors: Mustikasari Kamilia , Trisno Santoso Uripto
Published: June 2020

Chalcone is a secondary metabolite compound found in plants. Chalcones contain two aryl rings, namely ring A and B which connected to the α,β unsaturated ketones. Chalcone derivatives are synthesized by various substituent groups in both rings, as well as the types of rings. These variations make chalcone and its derivatives, have interesting bioactivity, one of which is antibacterial. This review is considered the chalcone-derived compounds that have antibacterial bioactivity, including methoxy, hydroxy, prenyl, and halogen groups in ring A or B. Besides, there are two forms of these rings as well such as pyrroly l-furany l-chalcones and indoly l-thiopheny l-chalcone. We hope this review is useful for the development of the synthesis of organic compounds and the discovery of new drug design.
Locomotion Study of Bekantan (Nasalis larvatus)
Authors: Rachma Jadi Arvendi , Rezeki Amelia , Dwi Ariana , Kusindarta Liliek , Wijayanto Hery
Published: June 2020

The locomotion system in the primate is developed and diverged following the pressure of the environment. To survive, each species of primate will push their locomotor’s evolution to accommodate their foraging activities. Generally, the primate locomotion system is classified into vertical clinging and leaping (such as Tarsius), quadrupedalism (such as guenon), brachiation (such as gibbon), and bipedalism (human). Classification is usually based on the intermembral index, the ratio between the arm and leg length in percentage. The intermembral index of bekantan is about 90 on average; means the arm length is 90% of leg length. Based on the intermembral index, bekantan's locomotion system is hindlimb dominated gait and supposed to be quadrupedal terrestrial. However, in their natural habitat, bekantan spend their daily activities mostly on the trees. Terrestrial and arboreal movements were observed during foraging. Arboreal movements of bekantan are dominant where the forest canopy is remaining good. On the other hand, in open areas and where they have adapted to human existence, quadrupedal terrestrial behaviors will be dominant during foraging. Further observation in various areas is still needed to strengthen the type of locomotion system of bekantan.
Molecular Bird Sexing on Fischeri Lovebird (Agapornis fischeri) by Using Polymerase Chain Reaction
Authors: Dyah Argarini Azalea , Ari Nugroho Herjuno , Purwaningrum Medania , Haryanto Aris
Published: June 2020

Fischeri Lovebird (Agapornis fischeri) found originally in Africa which has spread to many countries. In Indonesia, Fischeri Lovebird is popular as a pet animal. This lovebird is a monomorphic bird, so it is difficult to differentiate morphologically between male and female birds. In general, a male lovebird has ZZ homozygotes, whereas females' lovebird has ZW heterozygous of their sex chromosome. These sex chromosomes set used as study targets for molecular bird sexing of many species of birds because this method is effective and simple to perform. This method targeted to amplify the Chromodomain Helicase DNA-binding (CHD) gene, which found into the sex chromosome of male and female birds. The objective of this study was to rapid molecular bird sexing of Fischeri Lovebird by using PCR methods. Research samples were collected from feather calamus of A. fischeri. The total sample was 11 feathers from A. fischeri. which were collected three to six feathers for each lovebird. Then the research was followed by DNA extraction from calamus feathers, DNA amplification by PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis of PCR products and visualization of PCR predicts by UV-Transilluminator in darkroom. It concluded that PCR amplification using NP, MP and P2 primers produced double DNA bands in size of 400 bp on Z chromosome and bp on W chromosome for female Fischeri Lovebird, whereas for male Fischeri Lovebird only produced a single DNA band in size of 400 bp on Z chromosome. From eleven samples of Fischeri Lovebird showed a total of five females and six male Fischeri Lovebirds.
Effect of sample size on habitat suitability estimation using random forests: a case of bluegill, Lepomis macrochirus
Authors: Shiroyama Risa , Wang Manna , Yoshimura Chihiro
Published: June 2020

Species distribution models (SDMs) have been used to understand the habitat suitability of key species. Habitat suitability plots, one outcome from SDMs, are valuable for understanding the habitat suitability and behavior of organisms. The sample size is often constrained by budget and time, and could largely influence the reliability of habitat suitability plots. To understand the effect of sample size on habitat suitability plots, the present study utilized random forests (RF) combined with partial dependence function. And the bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), a main exotic fish species in the Japan rivers, was selected as target species in this study. Total of 1010 samples of bluegill observations along with four environmental variables were surveyed by the National Censuses on River Environments. The area under curves was calculated after generating RF models, to assess the predictive model performance, and this process was repeated 1000 times. To draw habitat suitability plots, we applied partial dependence function to the formulated RF models, and 15 different sample sizes were set to examine the effect on habitat suitability plots. We concluded that habitat suitability plots are affected by sample size and prediction performance. Notably, habitat suitability plots drawn from the sample size of 50 greatly varied among the 1000-time iterations, and they are all different from the observations. Furthermore, to deal with the case of limited samples, we proposed a novel approach “averaged habitat suitability plot” for delineating habitat suitability plots. The proposed approach enables us to assess the habitat suitability even with a small sample size.
Validation of a rabbit model of irradiated bone healing: preliminary report
Authors: Desoutter Aline , Langonnet Stephan , Deneuve Sophie , Bera Jean-Christophe , Chaux-Bodard Anne-Gaëlle
Published: June 2020

Introduction: External radiotherapy can lead to severe bone alteration. The aim of this pilot study was to validate a model for assessment of postextractional bone healing in the irradiated rabbit mandible. Material and method: The radiation protocol consisted of 5 sessions delivering 8.5 Gy each. Surgery was performed immediately after completion of radiotherapy. Sacrifices were performed from Day 0 to Day 42. Results: The bone mineral density and the trabecular number were decreased after radiotherapy whereas trabecular separation increased. The main differences between irradiated and non-irradiated rabbits were observed at Day 28 and 42. Discussion: Radiation seems to cause a delay in bone healing. It decreases bone quality and bone mineral density. Five sessions seem to be a valuable compromise between tissues effect and feasibility of the experiment. Conclusion: This model seems to be valuable for evaluating postextractional bone healing in the irradiated rabbit mandible.
Measurement of the steady state tearing in thin sheets using the contactless system
Authors: Ambriško Ľubomír , Pešek Ladislav
Published: June 2020

The purpose of the present paper is the diagnostic method of the steady state tearing tests in thin steel sheets. The camera-based contactless system was used in the experimental research. The MATLAB software was used for the processing of real-time images. The data collected in the experiments were used to establish the R-curves in terms of the CTOD (crack tip opening displacement) based resistance curves. The innovative techniques allow extracting a large amount of geometrical information about the entire tearing process and the crack tip development. The steady state tearing was evaluated using automotive steel sheets and the tearing resistance was determined for three grades of thin sheets. The paper describes a comprehensive method of obtaining the material properties necessary for modelling and simulation. The proposed methodology for the testing and evaluation of the steady state tearing is applicable to thin sheets. The measurement method within the test for the determination of the tearing resistance was based on the image analysis.
Diagnostik und Differenzialdiagnostik von Erkrankungen der Hirnhäute
Authors: Langner Sönke , Henker Christian
Published: June 2020

Erkrankungen der Hirnhäute gehen mit einem pathologischen Signal auf T2w und nativen T1w Aufnahmen einher und zeigen eine pathologische (durale oder leptomeningeale) Mehranreicherung. In diesem Beitrag werden typische Erkrankungen der Meningen vor allem anhand der MRT dargestellt: Die Veränderungen selbst zeigen sich am besten auf kontrastmittelverstärkten T1w und die extrazerebrale Lage am besten auf hochauflösenden T2w Aufnahmen.
A Concise and Modular Three-Step Synthesis of (S)-Verapamil using an Enantioselective Rhodium-Catalyzed Allylic Alkylation Reaction
Authors: Evans P. Andrew , Tom Mai-Jan , Turnbull Ben W. H.
Published: June 2020

A concise and modular asymmetric synthesis of the calcium channel blocker (S)-verapamil is described. This approach employs an enantioselective rhodium-catalyzed allylic alkylation reaction between an α-isopropyl-substituted benzylic nitrile and allyl benzoate to construct the challenging acyclic quaternary stereocenter. The terminal olefin then serves as a convenient synthetic handle for a hydroamination to introduce the phenethylamine moiety, furnishing (S)-verapamil in three steps and 55% overall yield, thus providing the most efficient synthesis of this important pharmaceutical reported to date. Furthermore, given the modular nature of the synthesis, it can be readily modified to prepare structurally related bioactive agents.
Effect of Casein Phosphopeptide–Amorphous Calcium Phosphate on Fracture Resistance of Reattached Tooth Fragments Using Conventional and Self-Adhesive Bioactive Flowable Composite
Authors: Firouzmandi Maryam , Afzali Neda , Parsaie Zahra , Mohammadi Najmeh
Published: June 2020

Objectives The present study aimed to investigate the effect of casein phosphopeptide–amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) complex and the type of flowable composite (conventional or self-adhesive bioactive) on the fracture resistance of fractured incisors restored through reattachment technique.

Materials and Methods In this experimental in vitro study, 60 extracted bovine central mandibular incisors were randomly divided into six groups (n = 10) according to the reattachment technique. Their incisal edges were cut off to represent an enamel–dentin fracture. The fragment edges were reattached as follows: Group 1—selective etching and bonding followed by conventional flowable composite; Group 2—selective etching and bonding followed by bioactive flowable composite; Group 3 was like Group 2 but without applying bonding; Groups 4, 5, and 6 were similar to Groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively, but both tooth fragments were pretreated with CPP-ACP-containing paste for 3 minutes. Fracture resistance was assessed by a universal testing machine.

Statistical Analysis Data were analyzed by SPSS—Statistical Package for the Social Sciences—software using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey post-hoc tests (α= 0.05).

Results The highest and lowest fracture resistance was recorded in Groups 5 (15.96 MPa) and Group 6 (1.95 MPa), respectively, being significantly different from the other groups. The mean fracture resistance of Groups 3 and 6 was significantly lower than the other groups (p < 0.05). However, Groups 1, 2, and 4 showed no difference in fracture resistance.

Conclusion Bioactive composite was not superior to conventional composite for fragment reattachment, but using it in self-adhesive mode reduced the fracture strength significantly. Yet, pretreatment with CPP-ACP, followed by application of adhesive, improved the fracture resistance of bioactive composite.
Homeopathic Clinical Features of 18 Patients in COVID-19 Outbreaks in Hong Kong
Authors: To Ka Lun Aaron , Fok Yuen Ying Yvonne
Published: June 2020

Background Hong Kong is geographically located in the province of Guangdong which, after Hubei, has been the region of China second-most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Compared to the pathognomonic symptoms of the named disease, homeopathic symptoms are always more helpful for homeopathic prescriptions.

Aim This study reports and summarizes the homeopathic symptoms observed in 18 confirmed/suspected epidemiologically related cases in cluster outbreaks of COVID-19 in Hong Kong in early 2020.

Methods Homeopathic symptoms from this case series were collected from 18 consecutive patients who, in addition to their concurrent conventional treatment or traditional Chinese medicine, actively sought help from homeopathy as an adjunctive measure for symptomatic relief from COVID-19. Cases were categorized according to outbreak clusters, focusing mainly on the homeopathic symptoms. In the analysis, frequency of all homeopathic medicines, common rubrics in all the cases, common rubrics in each of the top-ranked remedies, and differentiating symptoms for each top-ranked remedy were determined.

Results Homeopathic symptoms of 18 cases, each identified as mild and belonging to one of six separate clusters, are reported. Eighteen common symptoms screened out of 79 selected rubrics constituted two sets of homeopathic symptom pictures: Bryonia alba (n = 4) and Gelsemium sempervirens (n = 12). Eight and seven differentiating features, respectively, were identified for Bryonia alba and Gelsemium sempervirens.

Conclusion The common symptoms of 18 mild COVID-19 cases constituted two sets of homeopathic symptom pictures, indicating Bryonia alba or Gelsemium sempervirens; they were indicated in 4 and 12 cases, respectively, out of the 18 in total.
Will We Miss the Opportunity Again?
Authors: Oberbaum Menachem
Published: June 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by a new coronavirus, first appeared in late 2019. What initially seemed to be a mild influenza quickly revealed itself as a serious and highly contagious disease, and the planet was soon faced with a significant morbidity and mortality associated with this pathogen. For homeopathy, shunned during its 200 years of existence by conventional medicine, this outbreak is a key opportunity to show potentially the contribution it can make in treating COVID-19 patients. This should be done through performance of impeccably controlled, prospective, randomized clinical trials, with publication of their findings in well-ranked conventional medicine journals. If the homeopathy community fails to take advantage of this rare opportunity, it might wait another century for the next major pandemic.
Klinik unternehmen: Auf-/Absteiger des Monats
Authors: Schmidt Hartmut
Published: June 2020

Börsenexperte Hartmut Schmidt analysiert für kma die Jahresabschlüsse ausgewählter Kliniken
Corona-Zwischenbilanz: Wir sind gewappnet
Authors: Ehrhardt-Joswig Jana , Heeser Alexandra
Published: June 2020

Erleben wir die Ruhe vor dem Sturm? Oder können wir uns beruhigt zurücklehnen, weil alle notwendigen Vorkehrungen getroffen worden sind? Anfang Mai, sechs Wochen nach dem Shutdown, haben wir unser Herausgebergremium – völlig kontaktfrei in einer Videokonferenz – um eine Zwischenbilanz gebeten.
Veranstaltungsmanagement: Nicht über Compliance-Fallstricke stolpern
Authors: Döring Birgit , Sache Rainer , Rilk Robert , Fischer Jessica , Lehne Martin , Hochmuth Tim
Published: June 2020

Trotz sich verschärfender Compliance-Vorgaben fließt immer mehr Geld von der Industrie an die Krankenhäuser. Wer sich nicht den Vorwurf der Bestechlichkeit einhandeln will, sollte beim Veranstaltungssponsoring, der Beauftragung von Agenturen und der Vergütung von Referenten tunlichst die bestehenden rechtlichen Vorgaben beachten.
Notfallversorgung: Rettungskette goes digital
Authors: Kohrs Jens
Published: June 2020

Das deutsche Rettungswesen ist ein bunter Fleckenteppich – föderal organisiert, von unzähligen Interessen bestimmt. Veränderungen haben es schwer. Mancherorts wird noch immer handschriftlich dokumentiert. Mehr und mehr bestimmen jedoch digitale Anwendungen den Alltag der Retter.
Online-Psychotherapie: Therapie auf der eigenen Couch
Authors: Rößing Sabine
Published: June 2020

Die Nachfrage nach psychotherapeutischen Behandlungen steigt. Nicht überall reicht das Angebot: Wartezeiten von bis zu einem Vierteljahr sind keine Seltenheit. Online-Angebote können Entlastung bringen.
Zwischenruf aus der Branche: Strukturierte Videokonferenzen helfen, Strahlenschutzgestz umzusetzen
Authors: Möller Torsten
Published: June 2020

Das neue Strahlenschutzgesetz (StrlSchG) fordert eine „regelmäßige und enge Einbindung des Teleradiologen in den klinischen Betrieb des Strahlenschutzverantwortlichen“ des betreuten Krankenhauses. Was „eng“ und regelmäßig“ heißt, wird allerdings nicht genau definiert. In seinem Gastkommentar fordert Dr. Torsten Möller, Vorsitzender der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Teleradiologie (DGfTr) und Vorstand von Reif und Möller – Netzwerk für Teleradiologie, einheitliche Regelungen für alle Bundesländer.
Sektorenübergreifende versorgung: „Wer Visionen hat …
Authors: Spitzer Stefan G.
Published: June 2020

… sollte zum Arzt gehen.“ Auch wenn wohl nicht mehr geklärt werden kann, ob dieser berühmte Satz dem Altbundeskanzler österreichs Frank Vranitzky oder Deutschlands Helmut Schmidt zugeschrieben werden darf – nie war dieses Bonmot anachronistischer als in der Corona-Krise.
An Analysis of Technical Efficiency in the Presence of Developments Toward Commercialization: Evidence from Tanzania’s Milk Producers
Authors: Bahta Sirak , Omore Amos , Baker Darek , Okike Iheanacho , Gebremedhin Berhanu , Wanyoike Francis
Published: June 2020

The level and determinants of technical efficiency in milk-producing households are examined in connection with households’ level of commercialization. A sample of 469 milk producers are modeled using Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA). Average Technical Efficiency (TE) is estimated to be 80%, with variation among regions and generally reflecting levels of commercialization. Results show that assuming milk producers are rational, TE is increased by increasing the number of cattle, cows, and crossbreeds, and by additinal veterinary and feed inputs. These results support much existing research, and our contribution is the extension of analysis to actions and characteristics of the value chain due to commercial behaviors. We identify both direct and indirect potential effects of commercialization and identify mechanisms for their operation in development programs for commercial value chains. We find that credit access, training, group membership, market participation, and female household all improve TE while non-cattle income would reduce TE. We present sub-groups of households to better contrast levels of productivity and compare a limited number of the sub-groups' characteristics and actions. We provide commentary and explanation regarding commercialization and its direct and indirect connections to productivity. Recommendations include partnerships and facilitating actions that support commercialization, in association with improving efficiency in Tanzanian dairy.
Double-graded supersymmetric quantum mechanics
Authors: Bruce Andrew James , Duplij Steven
Published: June 2020

A quantum mechanical model that realizes the Z2×Z2-graded generalization of the one-dimensional supertranslation algebra is proposed. This model shares some features with the well-known Witten model and is related to parasupersymmetric quantum mechanics, though the model is not directly equivalent to either of these. The purpose of this paper is to show that novel “higher gradings” are possible in the context of non-relativistic quantum mechanics.
A new symmetry-based method for constructing nonlocally related PDE systems from admitted multi-parameter groups
Authors: Bluman George W. , de la Rosa Rafael , Bruzón María Santos , Gandarias María Luz
Published: June 2020

Nonlocally related partial differential equation (PDE) systems can play an important role in the analysis of a given PDE system. In this paper, a new systematic method for obtaining nonlocally related PDE systems is developed. In particular, it is shown that if a PDE system admits q point symmetries whose infinitesimal generators form a q-dimensional solvable Lie algebra, then, for each resulting q-dimensional solvable algebra chain, one can obtain systematically q nonlocally related PDE systems. Such nonlocally related systems are obtained for a general class of nonlinear reaction–diffusion equations admitting two- to four-dimensional solvable algebras.
Global solution and blow-up of the stochastic nonlinear Schrödinger system
Authors: Zhang Qi , Duan Jinqiao , Chen Yong
Published: June 2020

We study a stochastic nonlinear Schrödinger system with multiplicative white noise in energy space H1. Based on deterministic and stochastic Strichartz estimates, we prove the local well-posedness of a mild solution. Then, we prove the global well-posedness in the mass subcritical case and the defocusing case. For the mass subcritical case, we also investigate the global existence when the L2 norm of the initial value is small enough. We also study the blow-up phenomenon and give a sharp criterion via a general virial identity.
Magnetohydrodynamic Richtmyer–Meshkov instability under an arbitrarily oriented magnetic field
Authors: Shen Naijian , Wheatley Vincent , Pullin D. I. , Samtaney Ravi
Published: June 2020

The effect of an initially uniform magnetic field of arbitrary orientation on the Richtmyer–Meshkov instability in Hall-magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and ideal MHD is considered. Attention is restricted to the case where the initial density interface has a single-mode sinusoidal perturbation in amplitude and is accelerated by a shock traveling perpendicular to the interface. An incompressible Hall-MHD model for this flow is developed by solving the relevant impulse-driven linearized initial value problem. The ideal MHD theory is naturally obtained by taking the limit of vanishing ion skin depth. It is shown that the out-of-plane magnetic field component normal to both the impulse and the interface perturbation does not affect the evolution of the flow. For all field orientations other than strictly out-of-plane, the growth of interface perturbations is suppressed. However, the suppression is most effective for near tangential fields but becomes less effective with increasing ion skin depth and Larmor radius. The modeled suppression mechanism is transport of vorticity along magnetic field lines via Alfvén fronts in ideal MHD, and via a dispersive wave system in Hall-MHD. Oscillation of the interface growth rate is caused by a continuous phase change of the induced velocities at the interface due to vorticity transport parallel to the perturbation direction in ideal MHD, while it can also result from interfacial vorticity production associated with the ion cyclotron effect in Hall-MHD with a finite Larmor radius. The limiting flow behavior of a large ion-skin-depth is explored. To assess the accuracy and appropriateness of the incompressible model, its ideal MHD predictions are compared to the results of the corresponding shock-driven nonlinear compressible simulations.
Magnetization dynamics in a 2D van der Waals ferromagnet
Authors: Kim Meeri
Published: June 2020

Results suggest that semi-insulating van der Waals ferromagnets may be promising candidates for low-dissipation magnetic devices.
Isomonodromic deformations of a rational differential system and reconstruction with the topological recursion: The sl2 case
Authors: Marchal Olivier , Orantin Nicolas
Published: June 2020

In this paper, we show that it is always possible to deform a differential equation ∂xΨ(x) = L(x)Ψ(x) with L(x)∈sl2(C)(x) by introducing a small formal parameter ℏ in such a way that it satisfies the topological type properties of Bergère, Borot, and Eynard [Annales Henri Poincaré 16(12), 2713–2782 (2015)]. This is obtained by including the former differential equation in an isomonodromic system and using some homogeneity conditions to introduce ℏ. The topological recursion is then proved to provide a formal series expansion of the corresponding tau-function whose coefficients can thus be expressed in terms of intersections of tautological classes in the Deligne–Mumford compactification of the moduli space of surfaces. We present a few examples including any Fuchsian system of sl2(C)(x) as well as some elements of Painlevé hierarchies.
Numerical investigations of parametric decay into trapped waves in magnetized plasmas with a non-monotonic density background
Authors: Senstius M. G. , Nielsen S. K. , Vann R. G. L.
Published: June 2020

Parametric decay instabilities (PDIs) exciting daughter waves trapped inside a magnetized plasma with a non-monotonic density profile are investigated numerically. The investigation is motivated in particular by observations of low threshold PDI signatures during second harmonic electron cyclotron resonance heating experiments in magnetically confined fusion experiments. We use the particle-in-cell code EPOCH to study conversion of a fast X-mode pump wave into a combination of half frequency X-mode and electron Bernstein waves and identify two regimes where PDIs can excite trapped electrostatic waves. Above the second harmonic upper hybrid (UH) density, a PDI known also as a two plasmon decay (TPD) instability excites a pair of UH waves that we locate in frequency and wavenumber space. At lower densities, a PDI known as stimulated Raman scattering may produce one trapped and one returning X-mode daughter wave with a much slower growth rate than the TPD instability. In both cases, we show that the frequency separation of the daughter waves depends on the density in a predictable manner. With little loss from the decay region, the trapped daughter waves become unstable with respect to secondary parametric instabilities (PIs), leading to distinctly different phases of the UH spectrum. Unlike the primary instability, the secondary PIs are shown to depend on ion dynamics. Furthermore, we observe escaping waves near the 3/2 pump frequency resulting from tertiary PIs in agreement with recently proposed backscattering during magnetically confined fusion experiments.
A modified self-tuning fuzzy logic temperature controller for metal induction heating
Authors: Chang Chia-Jung , Chiang Tung-Hua , Tai Cheng-Chi
Published: June 2020

This paper presents a method to build a dynamic target curve producer corresponding to the rising time setting and the ultimate target temperature as a reference for a fuzzy logic controller that is used in the metal heating process application. To achieve this goal, there are some quantization factors in a fuzzy controller that must be set according to the system situation, as well as the experience of experts that will cause the controller to have a lack of adaptivity. To solve this problem, in this paper, all the quantization factors are analyzed thoroughly, and a self-tuning module is designed to make it possible for the controller to perform real-time adjustments based on the system situation and, eventually, make it more adaptive. During the design process, a simulation comparing the control capabilities of the conventional fuzzy logic controller and the self-tuning fuzzy logic controller (STFLC) is made using a finite element analysis. Finally, experiments are carried out on the induction heating system to verify the effect of the proposed STFLC. The results show that, with the proposed self-tuning module, the control capability and adaptivity of the controller were drastically improved.
Brazed carbon fiber fabric field emission cathode
Authors: Hoff Brad W. , Beeson Sterling , Simon David , Tang Wilkin , Smith Ronald , Exelby Steven C. , Jordan Nicholas M. , Sayir Ali , Gilgenbach Ronald M. , Lepell P. David , Montoya Tom
Published: June 2020

Field emission cathodes, comprised of commercially available carbon fiber fabrics directly brazed to metal substrates, were fabricated and tested. Cathodes fabricated in this manner eliminate the need for an epoxy bond between the carbon fibers and the substrates and can be baked, in a vacuum, at high temperatures, limited by the re-melt temperature of the braze. Preliminary testing at mildly relativistic voltages (200 kV–300 kV) yielded average current emission densities of 100’s of A/cm2, which are in line with previously published results on epoxy-bonded carbon fiber field emission cathodes.
Anchoring the hydrogen sulfide dimer potential energy surface to juxtapose (H2S)2 with (H2O)2
Authors: Perkins Morgan A. , Barlow Kayleigh R. , Dreux Katelyn M. , Tschumper Gregory S.
Published: June 2020

Twelve stationary points have been characterized on the (H2S)2 potential energy surface using the MP2 and CCSD(T) methods with large, correlation consistent basis sets. To the best of our knowledge, five of the structures have not been identified elsewhere and are presented here for the first time. A similar analysis was performed on the ten, well-known structures of the water dimer in order to facilitate direct comparisons between the corresponding (H2O)2 and (H2S)2 configurations. Harmonic vibrational frequency computations identify three (H2S)2 configurations as minima, four as transition states, and five as higher-order saddle points (ni = 0, ni = 1, and ni ≥ 2, respectively, where ni is the number of imaginary frequencies). The two local minima and four transition state structures identified have electronic energies within 0.73 kJ mol−1 of the global minimum near the CCSD(T) complete basis set (CBS) limit, and the five higher-order saddle points range from 1.90 kJ mol−1 to 4.31 kJ mol−1 above the global minimum at the same level of theory. One of the more substantial differences observed between the H2S and H2O systems is that (H2O)2 has only a single minimum, while the other nine stationary points are significantly higher in energy ranging from 2.15 kJ mol−1 to 14.89 kJ mol−1 above the global minimum near the CCSD(T) CBS limit. For (H2S)2, the electronic dissociation energy of the global minimum is only 7.02 kJ mol−1 at the CCSD(T) CBS limit, approximately three times smaller than the dissociation energy of (H2O)2.
Skyrmions in antiferromagnets: Thermal stability and the effect of external field and impurities
Authors: Potkina Maria N. , Lobanov Igor S. , Jónsson Hannes , Uzdin Valery M.
Published: June 2020

Calculations of skyrmions in antiferromagnets (AFMs) are presented, and their properties compared with skyrmions in corresponding ferromagnets (FMs). The rates of skyrmion collapse and escape through the boundary of a track, as well as the binding to and collapse at a non-magnetic impurity, are calculated as a function of an applied magnetic field. The activation energy for skyrmion annihilation is the same in AFMs and corresponding FMs in the absence of an applied magnetic field. The pre-exponential factor in the Arrhenius rate law is, however, different because skyrmion dynamics is different in the two systems. An applied magnetic field has opposite effects on skyrmions in the two types of materials. In AFMs, the rate of collapse of skyrmions as well as the rate of escape through the edge of a magnetic strip decreases slightly with increasing field, while these rates increase strongly for a skyrmion in the corresponding FMs when the field is directed antiparallel to the magnetization in the center of the skyrmion. A non-magnetic impurity is less likely to trap a skyrmion in AFMs, especially in the presence of a magnetic field. This, together with the established fact that a spin polarized current moves skyrmions in AFMs in the direction of the current, while in FMs skyrmions move at an angle to the current, demonstrates that skyrmions in AFMs have several advantageous properties over skyrmions in FMs for memory and spintronic devices.
A bird’s-eye view of naming game dynamics: From trait competition to Bayesian inference
Authors: Marchetti Gionni , Patriarca Marco , Heinsalu Els
Published: June 2020

The present contribution reviews a set of different versions of the basic naming game model, differing in the underlying topology or in the mechanisms regulating the interactions between agents. We include also a Bayesian naming game model recently introduced, which merges the social dynamics of the basic naming game model with the Bayesian learning framework introduced by Tenenbaum and co-workers. The latter model goes beyond the fixed nature of names and concepts of standard semiotic dynamics models and the corresponding one-shot learning process by describing dynamically how agents can generalize a concept from a few examples, according to principles of Bayesian inference.
On the evolution equation for finite amplitude sound in relaxing media
Authors: Kozlov Alexander I.
Published: June 2020

The evolution equation for finite amplitude acoustic waves in a relaxing medium is usually analyzed approximately or numerically. Attempts to find exact solutions to that equation using different approaches including classical and non-classical symmetries and conservation laws are described in this work. All obtained solutions are essentially non-limited in the space coordinate, and this fact had led to the proposition that validity of the initial equation in the general case should be revised. A correction of the evolution equation is proposed in the present work, and solutions in the form of weak shocks are derived for different boundary conditions.
Domain wall diode based on functionally graded Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction
Authors: Yershov Kostiantyn V. , Kravchuk Volodymyr P. , Sheka Denis D. , van den Brink Jeroen , Saxena Avadh
Published: June 2020

We present a general approach for studying the dynamics of domain walls in biaxial ferromagnetic stripes with functionally graded Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI). By engineering the spatial profile of the DMI parameter, we propose the concept of a diode, which implements the filtering of domain walls of a certain topological charge and helicity. We base our study on the phenomenological Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equations with additional Zhang–Li spin-transfer terms using a collective variable approach. In the effective equations of motion, the gradients of DMI play the role of a driving force, which competes with the current driving. All analytical predictions are confirmed by numerical simulations.
The yielding behavior of SiC under high pressure and temperature conditions
Authors: Wang Yuejian
Published: June 2020

A large volume cubic anvil press integrated with synchrotron energy-dispersive x-ray diffraction was employed to study the yielding behavior of powdered beta silicon carbide (SiC) under high pressure and high temperature conditions up to 7.4 GPa and 1400 °C. During compression and heating, the x-ray pattern was collected at each pressure–temperature point, and, then, via assessing the peak width of the x-ray diffraction pattern, the strains/stresses developed inside the sample under varied pressure–temperature conditions were determined. From the constitutive response of the sample as a function of pressure and temperature, we did not observe the yielding occurrence in SiC at cold compression. In contrast, high temperature induces a yielding at 1100 °C with a constant loading pressure of ∼7.4 GPa. By comparison, we found that this material is the most stable, compared with the other three strong ones (diamond, moissanite, and alfa silicon nitride), in terms of the yielding under high pressure and temperature conditions. Along with its much higher pressure and temperature requirements for phase transition and decomposition, SiC is a competent material for the development of novel tools/devices to be used in the harshly extreme working environment, such as deep drilling, high-speed cutting, and aerospace engineering.
Photodetachment spectroscopy and resonant photoelectron imaging of the 2-naphthoxide anion via dipole-bound excited states
Authors: Qian Chen-Hui , Zhu Guo-Zhu , Zhang Yue-Rou , Wang Lai-Sheng
Published: June 2020

We report a photodetachment spectroscopy and high-resolution resonant photoelectron imaging study of cryogenically cooled 2-naphthoxide anions (C10H7O−). The photodetachment spectrum revealed a dipole-bound state (DBS) 202(4) cm−1 below the detachment threshold and 38 resonances corresponding to the vibrational levels of the DBS. By tuning the detachment laser to these above-threshold resonances, we obtained 38 resonantly enhanced photoelectron spectra, which were highly non–Franck–Condon as a result of mode-selective vibrational autodetachment from the DBS. The resonances were assigned by comparing the resonant and non-resonant photoelectron spectra, assisted by the computed vibrational frequencies. Specifically, vibrational features with low Franck–Condon factors or from Franck–Condon-forbidden vibrational modes were significantly enhanced in the resonant photoelectron spectra, resulting in much richer spectroscopic information. The electron affinity of the 2-naphthoxy radical was measured accurately to be 19 387(4) cm−1 or 2.4037(5) eV. In addition, a total of 17 vibrational frequencies were obtained for the 2-naphthoxy radical. In particular, seven Franck–Condon-forbidden out-of-plane bending modes, including the two lowest frequency modes (ν48 at 102 cm−1 and ν47 at 171 cm−1), were observed, demonstrating the advantages of combining photodetachment spectroscopy and resonant photoelectron spectroscopy in obtaining vibrational information for polar radical species via DBS.
Waiting for Caesar
Authors: Avezzù Guido
Published: June 2020

Caesarism is a complex category, often interpreted as synonymous with imperialism and identified with the rule of strong authoritarian figures such as Napoleon, Bismarck, and Mussolini. Adopting a Gramscian perspective, this chapter argues that Caesarism identifies a far more articulated phenomenon which should not be reduced to simplified ideas of authoritarianism or to the grotesque theatrics of Fascist power. Caesarism in the twenty years of the Fascist regime was a response to a pervasive crisis in Italy, which it did not solve, but maintained alive and contained through an institutionalised form of instability based on revolutionary and populist premises. The contradictory paradigm of Caesar as a ‘democratic dictator’, reproposed by recent criticism, was in fact first expressed by Enrico Corradini in his 1902 play Giulio Cesare, later revised in the 1920s, which in many respects dialogues with Shakespeare’s more famous play. This chapter explores the formation of regimes of expectations about ‘Caesarism’ in the first three decades of twentieth-century Italy by examining the dynamic intersection of different narratives about the ‘historical Caesar’ and what Gramsci calls the ‘myth of Caesar’, both literary and cultural at large. The discussion sets Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar against this rich mythopoietic background, investigating, on the one hand, its complex dialogue with the contemporary Italian ‘Caesar plays’, and, on the other, their implicit responses to it.
Fascist crises
Authors: Bigliazzi Silvia
Published: June 2020

Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar was a play that Italian Fascism accurately exploited during various transitions in the history of its regime. Although in many respects a difficult play, full of thorny ambiguities for Fascist ideology, it offered good possibilities for propaganda, if appositely manipulated, at least until the Ethiopian Empire was proclaimed. This chapter contends that Shakespeare’s fortune with Fascism coincides with some of the most critical phases in the transformation and establishment of Fascist power between 1924–1925 and 1939. It also argues that although after the 1935 Maxentius production, and the 1936 Genoa performance of Malipiero’s opera drawn from Julius Caesar, its fortune suddenly dropped, the play continued to haunt the Italian stages. It became the ‘Stone Guest’ of other subsequent Italian Caesar plays which sought to erase its memory in order to contribute to new propaganda trends. By also exploring practices of manipulation and censorial excision, the essay discusses how Shakespeare offered at the time the litmus test of critical moments in the history of the Fascist regime.
Allegorising and minoritising Richard III
Authors: Bigliazzi Silvia , Avezzù Guido
Published: June 2020

Against the backdrop of widespread topical readings of Richard III as post-war allegories of totalitarianisms ‘reconciling’ us with painful memories of trauma and monstrosity, this chapter discusses Carmelo Bene’s experiment in minoritisation as a form of political disengagement but also political challenge. It reappraises Bene’s dialogue with Deleuze by situating his 1977 anti-theatrical experiment with Shakespeare’s play within the context of contemporary forms of theatrical contestation and, contrariwise, connivance with political power in the 1970s. Finally, it investigates Bene’s experimental minoritisation of Shakespeare’s history play by contrasting a subversive conception of history with official history, and to this end exploiting the dynamic resources of the eventfulness of the performance. It also assesses Bene’s own claimed anarchic way of transcending power games by examining his interpretation of ‘essential minority’ as opposed to ‘actual minority’ in relation to a notion of immanent politics that refuses transcendental justifications.
Notes on Shakespeare, simulacra, and the aporias of ‘acting’
Authors: Bigliazzi Silvia
Published: June 2020

The essay explores selected examples of theatrical and philosophical Italian responses to Shakespeare in relation to a diffused sense of crisis of representation, entailing a crisis of the subject, from the early 1980s to 2016. It investigates how after about more than three decades that sense of crisis is still present with us, and the different forms it has taken: from the inception of the ‘culture of simulacra’, to its magnification in the Berlusconi age, and to a belated postmodern awareness of a crisis extending globewise to entropy point. It discusses different uses of Shakespeare, contrasting strategies of intermedial appropriation as critiques of a culture of simulacra with allegorical forms of ‘hyperreal’ adaptations that by recuperating ideas of ‘transparent representation’ sidestep preoccupations about the hyperreal. Central to the discussion is a reading of Massimo Cacciari’s interpretation of Hamlet as the inaugural point of the ‘crisis of modernity’ viewed as a longue-durée historical category.
Narrating and unravelling Italian crises through Shakespeare (2000–2016)
Authors: Montironi Maria Elisa
Published: June 2020

Contemporary Italian theatre has witnessed a wide range of Shakespearean productions, whose significance with respect to the theme of crisis has been twofold. On the one hand, Shakespeare has been employed in Italy to face the radical reduction in economic support suffered by theatre professionals, who have then relied on the marketability of the Bard’s ‘brand’ for funding and to draw audiences to the theatre. On the other hand, Shakespeare’s plays have proved functional to unravelling cultural, social and political problems in Italy. Accordingly, this chapter investigates the function of Shakespeare both as a marketing strategy and as an intellectual tool to tackle the different crises which have traversed Italy since the beginning of the new millennium.
Using an Arduino microcontroller to build a Planetary Scale for study
of weight force
Authors: O Silva Valesca Taciele , de Medeiros Jr Raimundo Nonato , O Silva Willemberg , Medeiros Stella R R
Published: June 2020

In order to contribute towards making the teaching of physics more playful and
less abstract, we conceived to develop an educational equipment called Planetary
Scale. To build it, we used an Arduino microcontroller to assist the teachers of
physics in their approach of the ratio between mass, weight force and normal
force. To that end, this article constitutes the description of the building
process of this educational resource, and the discussion of the purpose, carried
out by accessible materials and free software, which can be reapplied by
teachers in their routines. The Planetary Scale was designed to simulate the
weight changes and mass invariance in any planet of our solar system, and has
nine buttons to select the planet desired, in addition to the
‘Reset’ function. The device is an example of technology applied to
physics education and was built to make it possible for the teacher to develop
and use it in the classroom, in addition to act as an incentive to use new
educational resources.
Publication of the society’s sensitive personal data in the legitimate site of the general election committee
Authors: Parwata A , Aryanto K Y E , Divayana D G H
Published: June 2020

It is highly important to protect the society’s sensitive personal data. The reason is that many personal data are published by the government institution without paying attention to the prevailing regulations. In this current study, the search for the data in the form of hyperlink with its contents in the legitimate site of the General Election Committees was conducted with the assistance of Crawling Web. The obtained contents were preprocessed using the Preprocessing Text, which were then weighted using the TF-IDF method before they were classified using the Naїve Bayes method. After that, an analysis on the types of the published sensitive personal and the extent of the publication based on the area groups was conducted. Out of 6,700 instances of the personal data which were analyzed, 6.430 were published. The personal data which were published were full name, place and date of birth, religion, marital status, ID Number of the government civil servants, identity card number, number of the tax payer, account number, mobile number, e-mail, address, position, and face photo. The level of publication based on the total data found was as follows: 11.45% in the Central General Election Committee, 21.60% in the eastern area, 17.01% in the central area and 49.94% in the eastern area. The accuracy of the Naїve Bayes method averaged 96.99%. Prior to publication, the General Election Committee is recommended to respect someone’s personal data as privacy and the data which would be published should obtain approval and an easily-contacted contact person.