bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Equilibrium in the problem of choosing the meeting time for N persons
Authors:   Institute of Applied Mathematical Research, Karelian Research Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences,, Mazalov Vladimir V. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Yashin Vladimir V. ,   Institute of Applied Mathematical Research, Karelian Research Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences,
Published: March 2023

A game-theoretic model of competitive decision on a meet time is considered. There are n players who are negotiating the meeting time. The objective is to find a meet time that satisfies all participants. The players' utilities are represented by linear unimodal functions ui(x), x∈ [0, 1], i=1,2,...,n. The maximum values of the utility functions are located at the points i/(n-1), i=0,...,n-1. Players take turns 1 → 2→ 3 → ...→ (n-1) → n → 1→... . Players can indefinitely insist on a profitable solution for themselves. To prevent this from happening, a discounting factor δ is greater than 1 is introduced to limit the duration of negotiations. We will assume that after each negotiation session, the utility functions of all players will decrease proportionally to δ. Thus, if the players have not come to a decision before time t, then at time t their utilities are represented by the functions δt-1ui(x), i = 1, 2,..., n. We will look for a solution in the class of stationary strategies, when it is assumed that the decisions of the players will not change during the negotiation time, i. e. the player i will make the same offer at step i and at subsequent steps n+i, 2n+i, ... . This will allow us to limit ourselves to considering the chain of sentences 1 → 2 → 3 → ... →(n-1) → n→ 1. We will use the method of backward induction. To do this, assume that player n is looking for his best responce, knowing player 1's proposal, then player (n-1) is looking for his best responce, knowing player n's solution, etc. In the end, we find the best responce of the player 1, and it should coincide with his offer at the beginning of the procedure. Thus, the reasoning in the method of backward induction has the form 1 ← 2← 3← ... ←(n-1)← n← 1. The subgame perfect equilibrium in the class of stationary strategies is found in analytical form. It is shown that when δ changes from 1 to 0, the optimal offer of player 1 changes from 1/2 to 1. That is, when the value of δ is close to 1, the players have a lot of time to negotiate, so the offer of player 1 should be fair to everyone. If the discounting factor is close to 0, the utilities of the players decreases rapidly and they must quickly make a decision that is beneficial to player 1.
Working groups: Creation and management
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Lezhnina Elena A. , Khitrov Gennady M. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Kalinina Elizaveta A. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Kononov Ivan A. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: March 2023

In modern management, one of the most popular and effective approaches to organizing activities is the creation of temporary working groups. An important indicator is the effectiveness of such groups, which strongly depends on the internal structure of the working group and the relationship between team members. For the effective functioning of the group, it is necessary that the group consists of a leader and subordinates. The artificial appointment of a team leader often proves ineffective. The article solves the problem of dividing the team into working groups, taking into account the relationship between individual personalities. Two algorithms are proposed: the first one divides the team into separate groups of possible leaders and subordinates, the second one makes effective working groups. The effectiveness of the group is calculated based on the ee efficiency function, which takes into account interpersonal relationships. Practical and numerical experiments were carried out to verify the adequacy of the model.
Multi-purpose robotic arm control system
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Smirnova Maria A. , Smirnov Mikhail N. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Smirnov Nikolay V. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this work is to create methods and algorithms for the formation of multi-purpose automatic control systems for the robotic arm, as well as to develop specialized software for computer modeling of the developed algorithms on the example of a real robotic arm. The methods of forming multi-purpose automatic motion control systems for various objects are developed, and the features of using a multi-purpose structure for control dynamic objects are studied.
Central bank digital currencies: An innovative tool for enhancing domestic and cross-border payments and settlements
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Nesterov Igor
Published: March 2023

“Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs)” is a relatively new but very fast developing story. The rush of central banks all over the world toward CBDCs proof-of-concept studying and piloting in recent years, as well as somewhere already the practical implementation of their own digital currencies have been motivated by a number of factors that are analyzed in this study. The potential gains of CBDC domestic issue and application can be distinctly outlined today. But, the leading central banks, following to the basic principle “do no harm!”, are acting as carefully and slowly as possible in order to avoid the negative consequences of an abrupt shifts in the contemporary financial landscape. However, successful progress of the People’s Bank of China in piloting the digital yuan, as well as the launch of CBDCs in the Bahamas, Nigeria, Jamaica and the countries of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States, not only stimulate other states to intensify their own research developments for CBDC, but also raise the question of future implementation of CBDCs for international settlements. The study’s key hypothesis, put forward by the author, is that the inevitable approaching issue of central bank digital currencies will create unique opportunities to enhance significantly the quality of settlement and payment systems not only domestically, but, and especially, internationally. CBDCs’ implementation for cross-border transactions will help to overcome the long-known but still unresolved hurdles of the existing archaic infrastructure of international settlements: low speed, high costs, limited access and insufficient transparency.
Reflection of the concept of energy transfer in the development strategies of industries and regions of Russia
Authors:   Research Financial Institute of the Ministry of Finance of Russia, Ershov Dmitry ,   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Sigova Maria ,   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Nikitina Irina ,   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration,   International Banking Institute named after Anatoliy Sobchak
Published: March 2023

The article discusses the reasons and factors that make it necessary to transform the structure of the energy sector and approaches developed to implement the state policy of energy transition in modern conditions without creating an additional burden on the environment. The relevance of the topic is confirmed by the global trend of transition to the use of alternative energy sources, the development of low-carbon technologies and considerations of the exhaustibility of sources of fossil raw materials with the objective need to find ways to develop alternative energy, as well as increased external sanctions pressure. A brief review of approaches to the development of energy strategies in several foreign countries is presented including relevant documents of the USA, European Union, Germany and France. The conclusion is made about the global nature of the energy transition processes and the seriousness of the challenges facing Russia in the context of current trends in the transformation of the world energy industry and attempts to use the energy transition factor to increase external pressure. The current Russian strategic planning documents at the federal, sectoral and regional levels are analyzed in terms of reflecting the state policy measures for the development of renewable energy and the decarbonization of the economy. Among the documents of the federal level, the strategies of national security, economic security, the strategy of socio-economic development with low greenhouse gas emissions (low-carbon strategy) and the strategy for the development of the Arctic zone are considered. Industry strategies for the development of metallurgy, energy, transport, construction, science and technology are analyzed, as well as regional strategies for some subjects of the Russian Federation. The conclusion is made that it is necessary to develop a systemic long-term state policy in the field of energy transition and its introduction in the strategies of industries and regions of Russia
Neuro-oncology, 2021. Brief analysis of the new World Health Organization classification of tumors of the central nervous system
Authors:   St Petersburg Clinical Scientific-Practical Center of Oncology, Matsko Marina ,   St. Petersburg State University,   St Petersburg Medical Social Institute, Matsko Evgeny ,   St. Petersburg State University,   St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology
Published: March 2023

The author’s translation of the new World Health Organization classification (2021) of tumors of the central nervous system is presented. Its fundamental differences from the previous edi100 tion are considered with a list of the main new nosological units. It is important to note that central nervous system tumors were divided into “adult-type diffuse gliomas” and “paediatric-type diffuse gliomas” (low-grade and high-grade). A new section has appeared — “gliomas, glioneuronal tumors, and neuronal tumors”. This rubric includes “ependymal tumors” and “glioneuronal and neuronal tumors”. In the fifth-edition Central Nervous System Tumours volume of the Classification, the sections have disappeared: “other astrocytic tumors” and “other gliomas”. Many nosologies from these sections, according to growth patterns, have formed a new rubric — “сircumscribed astrocytic gliomas. The approach to the classification of ependymomas has been fundamentally changed. Now it is based on anatomical localization and its corresponding genetic aberration. Attention is paid to the growing role of molecular diagnostics, which is fundamental in terms of nosology, and to the difficulties associated with the transition to the new version of classification. Information about the degree of malignancy of the most common neoplasms of this localization is given.
Assessment of the population health risk under the impact of climatic factors in the territory of St Petersburg
Authors:   I. I. Menshikov North-Western State Medical University, Noskov Sergei ,   North-West Public Health Research Center, Mironenko Olga ,   I. I. Menshikov North-Western State Medical University,   St. Petersburg State University, Yeremin Gennady ,   North-West Public Health Research Center, Golovina Elena ,   Russian State Hydrometeorological University, Stupishina Olga ,   St. Petersburg State University, Fedorova Ekaterina ,   I. I. Menshikov North-Western State Medical University, Kargatova Galina ,   I. I. Menshikov North-Western State Medical University
Published: March 2023

In recent years, climate change has been considered one of the leading factors affecting the health of the population, one of the conditions for the implementation of this concept for specific risk factors in St Petersburg is the development and use of adequate methods. In this work, as a methodological basis for assessing the state of health of the population, taking into account climatic conditions, the methodology of MR 2.1.10.0057-12 “The state of health of the population in connection with the state of the environment and living conditions of the population. Assessing the risk and damage from climate change affecting the increase in morbidity and mortality in high-risk population groups. Guidelines” was used. The presence of statistically significant correlations between the effective air temperature in St Petersburg and the primary incidence of diabetes mellitus in people older than working age has been established (Spearman rank correlation coefficient –0.829, p = 0.042); primary incidence of acute respiratory infections of the upper respiratory tract in children 0–14 years old (Spearman rank correlation coefficient –0.886, p = 0.019); primary incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in children 15–17 years (Spearman rank correlation coefficient –0.943, р = 0.005). The presence of established direct and inverse statistically significant correlations can be explained logically based on modern ideas about the impact of climatic parameters on human health, however, in this case, the logical connection seems doubtful due to the highest deviation of the average annual air temperature from the norm in 2020 and the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection COVID-19. Therefore, a decrease in morbidity (in the case of a negative correlation) can be explained by a reduction in planned medical care.
Features of pathology of mothers
Authors:   Astrakhan State Medical University, Shapovalova Marina , Boyko Yuri ,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Ugurchieva Khyadi ,   Children’s Republican Clinical Hospital
Published: March 2023

Within the framework of the “Concept of Demographic Policy of the Russian Federation for the Period until 2025”, the state introduced a number of measures designed to influence the birth rate towards its increase: monthly childcare allowance for non-working women, an increase in maternity allowance and monthly childcare allowance for working women, the introduction of a birth certificate and tax benefits, preferential mortgage programs, an increase in the duration of sick leave for childcare, etc. Assessing the measures of state support for motherhood and childhood, measures aimed at increasing the birth rate, a systematic, dynamic, and promising analysis of the health status of women of childbearing age, actively participating in childbearing, demographic indicators reflecting the socio-economic effectiveness of national and federal programs, economic stability, and national security are important. The health indicators of women mothers who have given birth and accumulate many socio-economic and organizational and medical factors serve as a medical assessment of the effectiveness of the implementation and achievement of the targets of the specialized National Projects Health and Demography of the Territory. In this regard, it is extremely necessary to calculate and dynamically assess the incidence rates of pregnant women and maternity patients.
Logical fallacies in medical practice
Authors:   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Skryabin Valentin Yu. ,   Moscow Scientific and Practical Center of Narcology
Published: March 2023

Clinical reasoning as a method of problem-solving in routine medical practice is the basis of all decisions made by physicians to understand the disease and choose appropriate therapeutic tactics. The interaction between physicians and the exchange of opinions can often lead to disagreements about diagnostic and treatment priorities. The quality of the arguments presented is critical, which makes it necessary to be aware of the most common logical errors, i. e. faulty reasoning. Logical fallacies can have a negative effect, leading to incorrect medical decisions. Understanding the features according to which arguments may be considered valid or, conversely, untenable is therefore an important skill for clinicians of all specialties and an integral part of the ability to process incoming information effectively and correctly. This article provides a description of some of the most common types of logical fallacies, along with examples to help clarify their content. While the number of possible logical fallacies in reasoning and debate is vast, most invalid arguments tend to fall into one of the most common stereotypical patterns. By learning about the most common logical fallacies, clinicians will be better prepared to recognize fallacious arguments when faced with them in their clinical practice.
The Association Between Social Determinants of Health and Population Health Outcomes: Ecological Analysis
Authors: Vo Ace , Tao Youyou , Li Yan , Albarrak Abdulaziz
Published: March 2023

Background

With the increased availability of data, a growing number of studies have been conducted to address the impact of social determinants of health (SDOH) factors on population health outcomes. However, such an impact is either examined at the county level or the state level in the United States. The results of analysis at lower administrative levels would be useful for local policy makers to make informed health policy decisions.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the ecological association between SDOH factors and population health outcomes at the census tract level and the city level. The findings of this study can be applied to support local policy makers in efforts to improve population health, enhance the quality of care, and reduce health inequity.

Methods

This ecological analysis was conducted based on 29,126 census tracts in 499 cities across all 50 states in the United States. These cities were grouped into 5 categories based on their population density and political affiliation. Feature selection was applied to reduce the number of SDOH variables from 148 to 9. A linear mixed-effects model was then applied to account for the fixed effect and random effects of SDOH variables at both the census tract level and the city level.

Results

The finding reveals that all 9 selected SDOH variables had a statistically significant impact on population health outcomes for ≥2 city groups classified by population density and political affiliation; however, the magnitude of the impact varied among the different groups. The results also show that 4 SDOH risk factors, namely, asthma, kidney disease, smoking, and food stamps, significantly affect population health outcomes in all groups (P<.01 or P<.001). The group differences in health outcomes for the 4 factors were further assessed using a predictive margin analysis.

Conclusions

The analysis reveals that population density and political affiliation are effective delineations for separating how the SDOH affects health outcomes. In addition, different SDOH risk factors have varied effects on health outcomes among different city groups but similar effects within city groups. Our study has 2 policy implications. First, cities in different groups should prioritize different resources for SDOH risk mitigation to maximize health outcomes. Second, cities in the same group can share knowledge and enable more effective SDOH-enabled policy transfers for population health.
Artificial Intelligence in Health Care—Understanding Patient Information Needs and Designing Comprehensible Transparency: Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Robinson Renee , Liday Cara , Lee Sarah , Williams Ishan C , Wright Melanie , An Sungjoon , Nguyen Elaine
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a branch of computer science that uses advanced computational methods, such as machine learning (ML), to calculate and predict health outcomes and address patient and provider health needs. While these technologies show great promise for improving health care, especially in diabetes management, there are usability and safety concerns for both patients and providers about the use of AI/ML in health care management.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to support and ensure safe use of AI/ML technologies in health care; thus, the team worked to better understand (1) patient information and training needs, (2) the factors that influence patients’ perceived value and trust in AI/ML health care applications, and (3) how best to support safe and appropriate use of AI/ML-enabled devices and applications among people living with diabetes.

METHODS

To understand general patient perspectives and information needs related to the use of AI/ML in health care, we conducted a series of focus groups (n=9) and interviews (n=3) with patients (n=41) and interviews with providers (n=6) in Alaska, Idaho, and Virginia. Grounded theory guided data gathering, synthesis, and analysis. Thematic content and constant comparison analysis were used to identify relevant themes and subthemes. Inductive approaches were used to link data to key concepts, including preferred patient-provider interactions and patient perceptions of trust, accuracy, value, assurances, and information transparency.

RESULTS

Key summary themes and recommendations focused on (1) patient preferences for AI/ML-enabled device and application information, (2) patient and provider AI/ML-related device and application training needs, (3) factors contributing to patient and provider trust in AI/ML-enabled devices and applications, and (4) AI/ML-related device and application functionality and safety considerations. A number of participants (patients and providers) made recommendations to improve device functionality to guide information and labeling mandates (eg, link to online video resources and provide access to 24/7 live in-person or virtual emergency support). Other patient recommendations included (1) providing access to practice devices, (2) providing connections to local supports and reputable community resources, and (3) simplifying the display and alert limits.

CONCLUSIONS

Recommendations from both patients and providers could be used by federal oversight agencies to improve utilization of AI/ML monitoring of technology use in diabetes, improving device safety and efficacy.
Gamification of medication adherence: A platform for testing behaviour change interventions (Preprint)
Authors: Taj Umar , Grimani Aikaterini , Read Daniel , Vlaev Ivo
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

There is consistent evidence that non-adherence is a significant problem associated with worse clinical outcomes, higher downstream re-hospitalization rates and a higher use of resources. A potential innovative strategy that has been found successful at improving patient medication adherence is the use of gamification.

OBJECTIVE

The study carries out a behavioural diagnosis of the medication adherence problem through a theoretically informed framework and then develops a gamification platform to simulate the non-adherence behaviour.

METHODS

A lab experiment was conducted, using a modified popular and addictive open-source video game called ‘2048’, which created an abstract model for the medication adherence behaviour observed in real life. Five hundred and nine participants assigned to the control and the four intervention groups (“incentive” group, “reminder” group, “commitment device” group and “elongated duration for symptoms” group).

RESULTS

The results of the modelling experiment showed that having theoretically informed interventions can increase the likelihood for them to be successful. In particular, there is evidence that the use of reminders improves the medication adherence rates for patients, and the same result was found in the modelling experiment. However, providing an incentive didn’t improved the adherence rate. We also tested the use of commitment devices, which, in line with real-world evidence, did not improve adherence rates. The fourth treatment tested elongated duration for symptoms, which attempted to show the power of modelling experiments where we test a ―what-if ―scenario that is extremely difficult to test in a real setting. The results indicated that if symptoms last longer, people didn’t adhere more to their medication regimen.

CONCLUSIONS

Gamified behavioural modelling, especially by using reminders, could be consider as a useful tool to explain real health behaviours and help in identifying which interventions are most likely to work in a randomised trial.
Best Practices in Evolving Privacy Frameworks for Patient Age Data: Census Data Study (Preprint)
Authors: Moffatt Colin , Leshin Jonah
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Over the previous 4 decennial censuses, the population of the United States has grown older, with the proportion of individuals aged at least 90 years old in the 2010 census being more than 2 and a half times what it was in the 1980 census. This suggests that the threshold for constraining age introduced in the Safe Harbor method of the HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) in 1996 may be increased without exceeding the original levels of risk. This is desirable to maintain or even increase the utility of affected data sets without compromising privacy.

OBJECTIVE

In light of the upcoming release of 2020 census data, this study presents a straightforward recipe for updating age-constrained thresholds in the context of new census data and derives recommendations for new thresholds from the 2010 census.

METHODS

Using census data dating back to 1980, we used group size considerations to analyze the risk associated with various maximum age thresholds over time. We inferred the level of risk of the age cutoff of 90 years at the time of HIPAA’s inception in 1996 and used this as a baseline from which to recommend updated cutoffs.

RESULTS

The maximum age threshold may be increased by at least 2 years without exceeding the levels of risk conferred in HIPAA’s original recommendations. Moreover, in the presence of additional information that restricts the population in question to a known subgroup with increased longevity (for example, restricting to female patients), the threshold may be increased further.

CONCLUSIONS

Increasing the maximum age threshold would enable the data user to gain more utility from the data without introducing risk beyond what was originally envisioned with the enactment of HIPAA. Going forward, a recurring update of such thresholds is advised, in line with the considerations detailed in the paper.
Utilizing Bersatu Lawan COVID-19 (BLC) Integrated System to Monitor Micro-level Community Actions as Pandemic Control Strategy in Indonesia: Evaluation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Nur Aisyah Dewi , Kiasatina Thifal , Heri Setiawan Agus , Rezki Wahyuni Indira , Fawwaz Lokopessy Alfiano , Adisasmito Wiku , Naman Maryan , Manikam Logan , Kozlakidis Zisis
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

In efforts to control the COVID-19 pandemic, the Government of Indonesia issued policies of micro-scale activity restrictions (PPKM Mikro/Micro PPKM) to limit community mobility by building COVID-19 command posts (Posko) at micro-scale (RT/RW) level and implementing Micro PPKM through community participation as a bottom-up approach.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to describe the monitoring results of Micro PPKM implementation through the Bersatu Lawan COVID-19 digital mobile application, and the impact such granular information might have in curbing the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

Data was collected from front-line public order forces (police and military) and Behavioral Change Ambassadors reports submitted using the BLC apps. The data was reported in real-time and analyzed by the integrated system of the Indonesia National Task Force for the Acceleration of COVID-19 Mitigation.

RESULTS

As of February 28, 2022, the total of COVID-19 command posts established were 29,913. A total of 151 million reports of micro PPKM activities were recorded using the BLC application in 44,770 villages/wards, 5,502 sub-districts, and 474 regencies/cities throughout the province. The top 5 most reported activities were 3M education and outreach, distribution of masks, enforcement of discipline, support for vaccination programs, and supervision of entering and exiting areas.

CONCLUSIONS

Indonesia adopted a bottom-up approach strategy to control the COVID-19 pandemic by utilizing a reporting system linked to community-driven activities at the lowest national administrative level. The reports were made available to different institutional users enabling uniformity in understanding of public health information. The system can potentially be repurposed for future healthcare emergency events.

CLINICALTRIAL

N/A
Why Is Russia Backward?
Authors: Lane Jan-Erik
Published: March 2023

Russia is a peculiar country. The Russian people is governed by a president who violates the constitution of the country, embezzling enormous sums of money and has begun a war with big losses. How did it then come to all of this?
A Seismological Study of the Michoacán-Colima, Mexico, Earthquake of 19 September 2022 (Mw7.6)
Authors: Singh Shri Krishna , Iglesias Mendoza Arturo , Arroyo D. , Pérez-Campos Xyoli , Ordaz M. , Mendoza C. , Corona-Fernández R. D. , Espíndola V. H. , González-Ávila D. , Martínez-López R. , Castro-Artola O. , Santoyo M. A. , Franco S. I.
Published: March 2023

El sismo de Michoacán-Colima el 19 de septiembre de 2022 (Ms 7.6, Mw 7.6) rompió el límite NW de la interface entre las placas de Cocos y norteamericana, causando daño severo a muchas poblados y ciudades en los estados de Michoacán y Colima. El daño fue además agravado por una réplica de magnitud importante (Mw 6.7) el 22 de septiembre. El sismo principal inició debajo de la costa a una distancia hipocentral de 22 km de la estación sísmica de Maruata (MMIG) donde las aceleraciones y velocidades máximas registradas, PGA y PGV, fueron de 1g y 28 cm/s, respectivamente. El epicentro de la réplica más grande se localizó a ~30 km al SE del sismo principal. El modelado de falla finita del sismo principal presentado por el Servicio Geológico de los Estados Unidos (USGS), revela una propagación de la ruptura a lo largo del rumbo de la falla hacia la dirección NW con una caída de esfuerzos estáticos Δσs, of 3.7 MPa. Nuestra estimación de energía radiada, ER, es 3.44x1015J, de tal manera que ER /M0 es de 1.27 × 10−5  valor similar al calculado para otros grandes sismos de subducción cuyas área de ruptura no se extienden hacia la trinchera.El área que contiene las réplicas del sismo principal de 2022 se traslapa con el área de réplicas del sismo del 30 de enero de 1973 (Mw7.6). Los sismográmas Galitzin de los dos sismos registrados en la estación DeBilt (DBN) localizada en los Países Bajos son razonablemente similares de tal manera que pueden ser clasificados como eventos quasi-repetidos. Por otro lado, el sismograma DBN del sismo del 15 de abril de 1941 (MS 7.7), cuya localización no se conoce bien del todo, aunque se sabe que ocurre en la misma región, difiere sustancialmente de los sismogramas de 1972 y 2022, sugiriendo que el primero rompió un área diferente de la del sismo de 1941.Un análisis extensivo de registros regionales exhibe el efecto de directividad observada en los datos de movimientos fuertes y en los cocientes de aceleraciones del sismo principal y de las aceleraciones de la réplica mayor. La directividad explica la dependencia azimutal observada en los cocientes de PGA y PGV, los cocientes espectrales, la distribución de PGA y la respuesta espectral a 2s Sa (T = 2 s). Debido a la directividad, los valores de PGA, PGV y Sa (T = 2 s) en el Valle de México durante el sismo principal y la réplica mayor fueron muy similares a pesar de la diferencia en magnitud de 0.9. En CU (el sitio de roca firme de referencia en la Ciudad de México), PGA y PGV durante ambos eventos fueron de ~ 6 cm/s2 and 2 cm/s, respectivamente, valores más bajos que los esperados para el sismo principal y más altos que los esperados para la réplica mayor.
Advanced Blind helper Android Application Using Text-to-speech synthesis
Authors: Kasthuri A. Meena , Kesavan Mr. Barath
Published: March 2023

Abstract: This project aims to develop an Android application that enables blind people to detect currency denominations and make phone calls using handwritten text recognition and voice commands. The application uses image processing techniques and a trained TensorFlow model to recognize the denomination of banknotes, and an ML model to recognize handwritten text and convert it to a phone number. The user can initiate a phone call by saying a voice command, and the application provides audio feedback throughout the process.
IKIGAI AMONG THE PEOPLE OF LANGKAWI ISLAND
Authors: Sazali Noor Syahirah , Paidi Rohayati
Published: March 2023

This research has proposed to determine how Langkawi Island people perceived worthwhile life in (ikigai) the face of pandemic challenges. To assess their level of ikigai (energy or strength to continue living or moving forward), current research employs three constructs: satisfaction, significance, and happiness. A combination of modified Q-method, the Time-use Survey based on the Questionnaire A of the 2021 Survey on Time-use and Leisure Activities, the English version of Ikigai- 9, and the elements of the Ikigai Venn Diagram were used to build the research instruments. The five-page Q-data sheet was distributed to 24 participants which were selected using stratified sampling. The outcome implies that not all the locals’ ikigai were affected during the pandemic. Some of them even experienced an increase in ikigai during the period. Overall, the study also confirms that being able to do what we want to do is linked with an increase in life satisfaction, significance and happiness and eventually linked to an increase in well-being.
Evaluación del impacto económico, social y cultural que el modelo turístico sol y playa ha introducido en la zona del litoral del departamento de Sucre
Authors: Zubiría Lara Mario , Paredes Stave René , Ramos Pérez Licette
Published: March 2023

Este capítulo presenta los resultados parciales de una investigación que busca hacer un análisis de los cambios en los 102 kilómetros de litoral del departamento de Sucre, Colombia, introducidos por el modelo turismo de sol y playa. El interés es evaluar los impactos sociales, económicos y culturales que la actividad turística ha provocado en los últimos veinte años. Esta investigación es de corte explora-torio correlacional y busca acercarse a una realidad poco explorada y relacionar la influencia del turismo en la población de una región; además se realizará una revisión documental, observaciones y entrevistas, lo que da un corte mixto cualitativo cuantitativo y un diseño contemporáneo transeccional. Se inicia con la parte observacional analizando la realidad turística en la región, identificando las actividades turísticas hacia finales del siglo pasado, cuáles persisten hasta el presente, cuáles predominan en la actualidad y cómo han transformado la cultura de la población, así como su economía y lo social en los últimos veinte años. Para el logro de lo anterior se usa el modelo teórico de Beni, el cual es un modelo bastante reciente y que resalta los motivos y factores que hacen atractivo a un lugar para ser destino turístico, además de la categorización de factores presentes en un sistema turístico. Se anota que solo se trabaja la línea del litoral, por lo cual se excluye la subregión insular, dado que presenta características diferentes y, a pesar de estar estrecha-mente conectado a las actividades continentales, difiere en múltiples factores que ameritan un estudio aparte. Hasta el momento, se ha avanzado en la observación y recolección de datos primarios a través de entrevistas abiertas a tres tipos de pobladores: los locales de antaño, los locales de la actualidad y los que provienen y tienen este espacio geográfico como segunda residencia. Destacamos en esta primera etapa la intensa variación en la tenencia de la propiedad, con cambio de dueños que se decrece en la medida que se aleja de la franja de la zona de playas.
Perfil de los egresados del programa de administración de empresas de la UNAD su situación laboral frente a la oferta de trabajo existente en la ciudad de Popayán
Authors: Caicedo Yudith , Velasco Dora Silvana , Beltrán Rodríguez Fabiola , Villaquirán Juan Pablo , Gómez Arango Óscar
Published: March 2023

El semillero de investigación Administradores del Conocimiento identifica el des-empleo de la ciudad de Popayán como un problema que la aqueja constantemente. El desempleo afecta a los sectores empresariales, sectores académicos y a los egresados de las universidades; específicamente, a los egresados del programa de administración de empresas. Por estas razones, se propone realizar un estudio que formule un diagnóstico para determinar la situación laboral de los egresados del programa de Administración de Empresas de la UNAD, tomando como referencia la oferta laboral en la ciudad de Popayán entre los años 2010 – 2016. Para llevar a cabo este estudio se toma como criterio el perfil del egresado de administración de empresas de la UNAD. La investigación se enmarca en la teoría del capital humano y la incorporación de teorías más recientes como la Teoría de la Fila (TF), la Teoría de la Devaluación de los Certificados (TDC), la Teoría de la Educación como Bien Posicional (TEBP), la Teoría de la Segmentación (TS) y la Teoría del Enfoque Alterna-tivo (TEA) que incluye los enfoques de las capacidades humanas y de la libertad humana. El estudio se desarrolla con un enfoque cuantitativo de alcance descriptivo. Se utiliza la encuesta y fuentes secundarias como técnicas para la recolección de información correspondiente a cada uno de los objetivos planteados. Por último, la mayoría de los egresados que se encuentran laborando actualmente pertenecen a una empresa bajo la condición de empleados, y solo un selecto grupo ha creado su propia empresa. Sin embargo, las cifras más alarmantes indican que un porcentaje menor, pero importante, equivalente al 17%, se encuentran desempleados. Esto indica que no todos los egresados del programa de administración forman parte activa del entorno laboral. De esta manera, se puede interpretar que el porcentaje de estudiantes en condición de desempleo no ha variado significativamente, debido a que el mismo porcentaje que se encuentra trabajando en la actualidad, lo hacía al iniciar el programa. No obstante, los empleados en condición de desempleo manifiestan que la razón por la cual permanecen en tal situación es porque las empresas no les ofrecen honorarios profesionales que se ajusten a sus expectativas salariales. Esta realidad lamentablemente afecta a muchos profesionales egresa-dos dejándolos al margen del ambiente laboral.
Representaciones sobre la educación infantil: infancias en contingencia
Authors: Pedraza Ramírez Carmen Eugenia , Morales Mantilla Sandra Milena , Gómez Bohórquez Pilar Tatiana , Rodríguez Bernal Yolanda , Pérez Ospina Joyce Mildred , Villamizar Parada Nini Johana , Rodríguez Perdomo Camila Andrea , Ramírez Bonilla Gerardo , Dueñez Mahecha Yineth Lizeth , Cardona Barbosa Paula Andrea , Reyes Gonzales Daniela
Published: March 2023

“Representaciones sobre la educación infantil: infancias en contingencia”, es el primer producto académico derivado del proyecto de investigación interinstitucional “Representaciones sobre la educación infantil: develaciones en los sentires en tiempos de pandemia”, en el que participan investigadoras de cuatro universidades colombianas (Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia (UNAD), Universidad de San Buenaventura, sede Bogotá, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga y la Institución Universitaria Iberoamericana). El proyecto surge del interés de cuatro universidades con programas de formación de educadores infantiles animadas por las reflexiones permanentes que como miembros de la Junta Directiva de la Asociación Colombiana de Educación Preescolar ACDEP filial de la Organización Mundial para la Educación Preescolar (OMEP) realizan para contribuir al fortalecimiento de la educación infantil como campo de conocimiento, profesión en la intención de coadyuvar a las instituciones educativas, jardines infantiles y otros agentes educativos de la primera infancia para la promoción de prácticas educativas pertinentes y de calidad. El presente libro divulga reflexiones y resultados del proyecto, realizando un recorrido por las representaciones sobre la educación infantil en el intento de develar cómo la contingencia vivida por la pandemia del COVID-19 ha incidido en ellas, en la vida de los niños, en su proceso educativo, su familia, sus maestros, su institución, especialmente en unos tiempos en que se ha hablado mucho de los niños, pero no con ellos.
Desarrollo de una aplicación móvil para el control de vacunación de covid-19
Authors: Soto Soto Lizbeth , Hinojosa Rodríguez Carlos Jesús , Palacio Cinco Ramón René
Published: March 2023

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue desarrollar una aplicación móvil para el control de vacunación de Covid-19, que permita hacer eficiente los procesos e impactar en la toma de decisiones de los diferentes sectores, para la reactivación de las actividades y minimizar los riesgos. Para ello, se analizó la situación actual referente a la existencia de sistemas de vacunación digital, iniciando con una búsqueda de conocimientos individua-les apoyada en sitios web, foros y la página de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Se desarrolló un estudio cualitativo, transversal descriptivo a través de grupos de discusión para conocer diferentes perspectivas y necesidades, así como los requerimientos con los cuales debe cumplir el sistema de vacunación, donde el objeto de estudio fue el personal del sector educativo, empresarial, de salud y personas vacunadas. Finalmente, se logró diseñar la solución y el desarrollo del prototipo de alta fidelidad de la aplicación móvil, beneficiando la toma de decisiones de las organizaciones relacionadas con retomar labores, reubicar a su personal en los diferentes puestos de trabajo e incluso volver a sus actividades de manera normal.
Formulación y evaluación de una propuesta de planta deshidratadora de jitomate en palmar de Bravo, Puebla
Authors: Pérez González Ana Cristina , Espinoza Reyes Francisco Javier , Alcántara Abundio Alejandro
Published: March 2023

En el Tecnológico Nacional de México (TecNM/I.T.S.) de la Sierra Negra de Ajalpan se realizó la formulación y evaluación de un proyecto de inversión cuya idea principal es conocer la viabilidad de instalar una empresa dedicada a la deshidratación de jitomate en Palmar de Bravo, Puebla. Es una zona meramente agrícola, el 80% de los productores siembra y cultiva hortalizas, se destaca el jitomate en invernadero y a cielo abierto; con la propuesta se reducirá en un 3% el desecho por merma. La metodología que se aplicó fue realizar un análisis prospectivo del entorno, para desarrollar el estudio de mercado, mediante la aplicación de encuestas de manera digital a 382 personas. Se diseñó la distribución de planta y se plasmaron los aspectos técnicos y legales; finalmente, se realizó todo el análisis financiero, para concluir que el 75% de los encuestados sí compraría los jitomates deshidratados y los estudios tanto técnicos como económicos son favorables.
Gestión de conocimiento en una empresa de desarrollo de software
Authors: Fuentes Vasconcelos Fernando Iván , Payró Campos Pablo
Published: March 2023

El objetivo del trabajo es describir una propuesta de gestión de conocimiento para una empresa de desarrollo de software, que consistió en generar un modelo a la medida y la adopción de herramientas tecnológicas con el fin de lograr la mejora de su proceso de producción. La metodología utilizada fue un estudio de caso que requirió el uso de diversas fuentes de información disponibles en la empresa y la recolección de datos a través de cuestionarios, entrevistas, observación y análisis documental. Los resultados permitieron la obtención de un modelo de gestión de conocimiento ad hoc para la empresa y la utilización de diversas herramientas tecnológicas de apoyo a la gestión de conocimiento. Las conclusiones apuntan a que el perfil tecnológico de la organización y de su personal, y la intervención de un agente externo a través de la consultoría, fueron factores que facilitaron el compromiso de la alta dirección y la adopción de la gestión de conocimiento.
The relationship between inflation and gross domestic product: Albania case
Authors: Ramallari Alba , Merko Flora
Published: March 2023

This paper shows the relationship between inflation and gross domestic product (GDP) and their effects on the country’s economy, as well as changes that have occurred in the economic growth of our country by studying the changes in GDP and inflation. In this paper, we make an attempt to understand what happens to GDP when it encounters problems, such as inflation, in the development and growth phases and what government policies are chosen in this regard. In the economy of our country there are several external factors that influence, but what is important is that even though the present situation lays out controlled inflation, there is, however, an incentive for economic growth. Through the analytical studies we show that in the current economy, there is an increase in GDP generated not only from the increase in prices but from an increase in production, consumer consumption, and development of markets and investments, and this impact may not appear directly but after a period of time, two years or more. The important issue is upholding sustainable development of the country’s economy. This remains the economic objective to manage economic problems, simultaneously promoting stability and economic growth in our country.
Neumatosis quística intestinal con neumoperitoneo encapsulado no quirúrgico: presentación de caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Blanco Avellaneda Camilo , Prieto Ortiz Robin German
Published: March 2023

Introducción: la neumatosis quística intestinal es una entidad infrecuente, caracterizada por la presencia de quistes o burbujas de aire en la pared intestinal, usualmente asintomática. Sus formas no complicadas son manejadas conservadoramente y las graves requieren intervención quirúrgica. La presencia de neumoperitoneo es un hallazgo radiológico inquietante, pero no es indicador de intervención quirúrgica.
Caso clínico: hombre de 23 años con pérdida de peso, diarrea y rectorragia, la colonoscopia mostró múltiples quistes violáceos localizados en el sigmoide y descendente que colapsaron tras la punción y biopsias, la tomografía axial computarizada (TAC) confirmó el diagnóstico y la presencia de un neumoperitoneo encapsulado. La ausencia de signos de potencial letalidad permitió un tratamiento conservador con remisión clínica durante los primeros 8 meses de seguimiento.
Discusión: la fisiopatología de la neumatosis quística intestinal no está bien definida. En el paciente presentado el diagnóstico se realizó de forma incidental al realizar una colonoscopia por una rectorragia. El neumoperitoneo asintomático encapsulado debe interpretarse como un signo importante pero no determinante de intervención quirúrgica y su presencia junto con los antecedentes médicos, examen físico, bioquímico, endoscópico e imagenológico puede evitar cirugías innecesarias.