bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
WITHDRAWN: Evaluating the efficiency of simple T shaped microfluidic biosensor for multianalyte detection using computational based simulation
Authors: Ganesan Harshitha , Selvaraj Stalin
Published: December 2022

A combined model for a multi-analyte sensing microfluidic chip based on velocity, pressure, and concentration profiles are currently required for efficient sensing of multiple biomarkers. In this present study, we have simulated the 2D and 3D pressure-driven microfluidic chip with T shaped design – with three outlets each containing an active sensing surface area - and one inlet for an incompressible and Newtonian fluid. using COMSOL and evaluating the velocity, pressure, and concentration profiles. The velocity, pressure, and concentration are compared and studied for the real time analysis. The optimized model shows a uniform laminar flow profile with a high adsorption of the analyte to the active surface with less time and high sensitivity than the other reported simulated designs. The model also prevents the backflow of the analyte to enhance the performance and reliability of the sensor. The profile gradients are studied for a micro-total analysis system (µTAS) based on time-dependent biosensing. To prove the efficiency of adsorption by the ligand in the proposed design, various labels are studied. Thus velocity, pressure, and concentration profiles help in validating the design of the microfluidic biosensor. Furthermore, customized designs can be developed based on the requirement for microfluidic channel-based sensing applications.
A New Self-Shrinking Generator
Authors: Aggarwal Mudit , Gulliver T Aaron
Published: December 2022

Self-shrinking generators were introduced in 1994 and a modified self-shrinking generator was presented 2010.They employ a linear feedback shift register as the underlying sequence generator.In this article, a new self-shrinking generator is proposed that provides randomness similar to current self-shrinking generators but increases the security using an underlying non-linear feedback shift register.A generalization of the shrinking employed in previous generators is also given.It is shown both theoretically and experimentally using the NIST test suite that the proposed generator is more secure than current generators.
Mapping alterations in the local synchrony of the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia
Authors: Pujol Jesus , Pujol Nuria , Mané Anna , Martínez-Vilavella Gerard , Deus Joan , Pérez-Sola Víctor , Blanco-Hinojo Laura
Published: December 2022

Observations from different fields of research coincide in indicating that a defective gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) interneuron system could be among the primary factors accounting for the varied clinical expression of schizophrenia. GABA interneuron deficiency is locally expressed in the form of neural activity desynchronization. We mapped the functional anatomy of local synchrony in the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia using a novel functional connectivity MRI approach. Patients with schizophrenia showed weaker local functional connectivity (i.e., lower MRI signal synchrony) in a set of cerebral cortex areas largely coinciding with the synchronization effect of the GABA agonist alprazolam and the cortical areas showing higher density of parvalbumin and somatostatin GABA interneurons in humans. Our results provide detail of the functional anatomy of synchrony changes in the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia and suggest which elements of the interneuron system are affected. The information could ultimately be relevant in the search for specific treatments.
Adaptation and integration of the Thinking Healthy Programme into pregnancy schools in Istanbul, Turkey
Authors: Boran Perran , Dönmez Melike , Atif Najia , Nisar Anum , Barış Ezgi , Us Mahmut Caner , Altaş Zeynep Meva , Hıdıroğlu Seyhan , Save Dilsad , Rahman Atıf
Published: December 2022

Background
Perinatal mental health is a major public health concern. In Turkey, the public hospitals operate pregnancy schools which provides an opportunity to integrate an evidence-based Thinking Healthy Programme (THP) for perinatal depression. The aim of this study is to adapt the THP for universal use in the group setting, and to understand its acceptability and feasibility for integration into the existing antenatal care programme for both face-to-face and online delivery.
Methods
Following an expert-led adaptation process using the Bernal Framework, field-testing was conducted on a group of women and facilitators (n=21) followed by in-depth interviews and group discussions. Data were analysed using Thematic Framework Analysis.
Results
Minor but significant adaptations were made to the individually delivered THP for use in the universal group pregnancy schools. Initial findings indicate that the THP-group version was relatable and acceptable to its target population and could be integrated into the antenatal care plan for delivery during face-to-face and on-line group classes.
Conclusion
THP is transferable to the Turkish cultural and healthcare context. The THP – group version has the potential to add value to Turkey's existing perinatal healthcare programme.
Effect of 2,6-diketopiperazines derived from α-amino acids over MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line
Authors: González Flor Paulina Garrido , Jiménez Elvia Mera , Percino Teresa Mancilla
Published: December 2022

Diketopiperazines have attracted attention from the point of view of synthesis and biological properties for the treatment of various diseases, including cancer, although 2,6-DKPs have been less studied. In this work is present the inhibitory effects of various 2,6-DKPs derived from α-amino acids over the MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer cells by the MTT assay. It was found that IC50 values obtained for compounds 1 and (S) enantiomers were between 4.6 x 10− 3 and 4.944 (mM), where 1 and (S)-2a showed the lowest values, for (R) enantiomers were in the range 0.021 and 3.639 mM, where (R)-2b exhibited the lowest value. In addition, the apoptotic induction of the 2,6-DKPs was investigated over MDA-MB-231 cell line by flow cytometry, these results showed that all the compounds studied induced more apoptosis at 48 h than at 24 h in a range of 54.1 to 76.2%, except 12a that exhibited a 3% decrease compared to the 24 h test. According to the biological assays, all the evaluated 2,6-DKPs derivatives could be considered for further studies in vivo, principally those with the lowest IC50 value and (S) stereoisomers as possible antitumoral agents to mama cancer.
Überzeugungsmuster angehender Lehrpersonen zum Einsatz digitaler Medien im Unterricht
Authors: Braun Annika , Weiß Sabine , Kiel Ewald
Published: December 2022

Die vorliegende Studie ermittelt durch Clusterung Überzeugungsmuster zukünftiger Lehrpersonen (N = 504) zum Einsatz digitaler Medien im Unterricht. Übergreifend sind positive Überzeugungen zum Medieneinsatz geringer ausgeprägt. Negative erfahren mehr Zustimmung, fallen allerdings zwischen den Mustern divergenter aus. 40 % der Studierenden schätzen den Nutzen für die Unterrichtsentwicklung sowie Motivation und Förderung von Schüler:innen (noch) verhalten positiv ein. Dem stehen zwei Gruppen zukünftiger Lehrpersonen entgegen, deren Überzeugungen zu Überforderung, Zweifeln an der Förderung der ‹richtigen› Kompetenzen und gesundheitlichen Gefährdungen durch digitale Medien stärker ausgeprägt sind. Etwa ein Fünftel von ihnen stimmt solchen negativen Überzeugungen besonders zu. Die Muster und daraus folgende Implikationen werden hinsichtlich der schwierigen Veränderbarkeit von Überzeugungen diskutiert.
Hydrous wadsleyite crystal structure up to 32 GPa
Authors: Wang Fei , Thompson Elizabeth C. , Zhang Dongzhou , Xu Jingui , Alp Ercan E. , Jacobsen Steven D.
Published: December 2022

Hydroxylation of wadsleyite, β-(Mg,Fe)2SiO4, is associated with divalent cation defects and well known to affect its physical properties. However, an atomic-scale understanding of the defect structure and hydrogen bonding at high pressures is needed to interpret the influence of water on the behavior of wadsleyite in the mantle transition zone. We have determined the pressure evolution of the wadsleyite crystal symmetry and structure, including all O∙∙∙O interatomic distances, up to 32 GPa using single-crystal X-ray diffraction on two well-characterized, Fe-bearing (Fo90) samples containing 0.25(4) and 2.0(2) wt% H2O. Both compositions undergo a pressure-dependent monoclinic distortion from orthorhombic symmetry above 9 GPa, with the less hydrous sample showing a larger increase in distortion at increased pressures due to the difference in compressibility of the split M3 site in the monoclinic setting arising from preferred vacancy ordering at the M3B site. Although hydrogen positions cannot be modeled from the X-ray diffraction data, the pressure evolution of the longer O1∙∙∙O4 distance in the structure characterizes the primary hydrogen bond length. We observe the hydrogen-bonded O1∙∙∙O4 distance shorten gradually from 3.080(1) Å at ambient pressure to about 2.90(1) Å at 25 GPa, being still much longer than is defined as strong hydrogen bonding (2.5–2.7 Å). Above 25 GPa and up to the maximum pressure of the experiment at 32.5 GPa, the hydrogen-bonded O1∙∙∙O4 distance decreases no further, despite the fact that previous spectroscopic studies have shown that the primary O-H stretching frequencies continuously drop into the regime of strong hydrogen bonding (<3200 cm–1) above ~15 GPa. We propose that the primary O1-H∙∙∙O4 hydrogen bond in wadsleyite becomes highly nonlinear at high pressures based on its deviation from frequency-distance correlations for linear hydrogen bonds. One possible explanation is that the hydrogen position shifts from being nearly on the long O1-O4 edge of the M3 site to a position more above O1 along the c-axis.
Magnetism and equation of states of fcc FeHx at high pressure
Authors: Gomi Hitoshi , Hirose Kei
Published: December 2022

Hydrogen is a strong candidate for light alloying elements in terrestrial cores. Previous first-principles studies on non-stoichiometric hexagonal close-packed (hcp) and double hexagonal close-packed (dhcp) FeHx predicted a discontinuous volume expansion across the magnetic phase transition from non-magnetic (NM) or antiferromagnetic (AFM) to ferromagnetic (FM) state with increasing the hydrogen content, x at 0 K. However, previous high-pressure and -temperature neutron diffraction experiments on face-centered cubic (fcc) FeHx did not reveal such nonlinearity. The discrepancy between theory and experiment may be due to differences in the crystal structure, magnetism, or temperature. In this study, we computed the equation of states for fcc FeHx using the Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker method combined with the coherent potential approximation (KKR-CPA). In addition to the four types of ground-state magnetism (FM, AFM-I, AFM-II, and NM), we calculated the local magnetic disorder (LMD) state, which approximates the paramagnetic (PM) state with local spin moment above the Curie temperature. Our results show that even though FM, AFM-I, AFM-II, and NM calculations predict a discontinuity in the volume at 0 K, the volume becomes continuous above the Curie temperature, consistent with the previous neutron experiment. From the enthalpy comparison at 0 K, FM fcc FeH (x = 1) becomes the NM state above ~48 GPa. The magnetic transition pressure decreases with decreasing hydrogen content. Therefore, below the magnetic transition pressure, local spin moments affect the density and elastic wave velocity of fcc FeHx, which may be important for small terrestrial bodies such as Mercury and Ganymede. By contrast, at the Earth’s core pressure above 135 GPa, fcc FeHx becomes NM. Thus, we calculated the density and bulk sound velocity as a function of pressure at 0 K for NM fcc FeHx. The density at 360 GPa decreases with increasing hydrogen content, with FeH0.5 best matching the preliminary reference Earth model (PREM) of the inner core. Since the density decreases with increasing temperature, this value constrains the upper limit of hydrogen content, assuming that the inner core is fcc FeHx. On the other hand, the bulk sound velocity at 360 GPa increases with increasing hydrogen content, with FeH0.3 best matching the PREM, which may give a lower bound. Assuming that Poisson’s ratio of the FeHx alloy is equal to that of the inner core, we examined the effects of temperature on density and bulk sound velocity. The results suggest that the fcc FeHx alloy alone cannot explain the inner core density and bulk sound velocity simultaneously unless the temperature is extremely low (T < 4000 K).
“Belonging to my family, but still being myself”: The relationships between dimensions of attachment theory and personal authority in the family system
Authors:   University of Debrecen, Institute of Psychology, Debrecen, Hungary, Nistor Mihaela , Papp Gabor ,   University of Debrecen, Institute of Psychology, Debrecen, Hungary., Martos Tamas ,   University of Szeged, Institute of Psychology, Department of Personal, Clinical and Health Psychology, Hungary, Molnar Peter ,   University of Debrecen, Faculty of Public Health, Department of Behavioral Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary
Published: December 2022

This study investigated the associations between (a) the adult attachment in close relationships measured by attachment dimensions of avoidance and anxiety (Experiences of Close Relationships Inventory; Brennan, Clark, & Shaver, 1998), and (b) the intergenerational family patterns in terms of personal authority constructs (individuation, triangulation, intimacy, personal authority, and intergenerational intimidation; Personal Authority in the Family System Questionnaire, PAFS-Q; Bray, Williamson, & Malone, 1984a, 1984b). The study also examined gender differences in PAFS-Q dimensions using the data from 160 adult couples (N = 320). Our results showed that higher levels on Spousal Intimacy, Spousal Fusion/Individuation, Intergenerational Fusion/Individuation, and Personal Authority significantly predicted lower anxiety, while higher levels on Spousal Intimacy, and less Triangulation with spouses and children significantly predicted lower avoidance in close relationships. Gender differences were found only on Personal Authority scale, with men reporting greater ability to interact with their parents in an individuated and intimate manner than did females.
Psychometric properties of the Macedonian version of the Implicit Positive and Negative Affect Test (IPANAT–M)
Authors:   Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Department of Psychology, Blvd Goce Delcev No. 9A, Macedonia, Skopje, Sulejmanov Filip , Spasovski Ognen ,   Cyril and Methodius University, Department of Psychology, Blvd Goce Delcev No. 9A, Macedonia, Skopje
Published: December 2022

The aim of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Macedonian version of the Implicit Positive and Negative Affect Test (IPANAT–M; Quirin, Kazén, & Kuhl, 2009). First, in a pretest study, it was shown that two of the artificial words from the original test needed to be replaced, since they were not free of meaning in a Macedonian context. Two new artificial words were included in the IPANAT–M. Study 1 showed that the IPANAT–M had satisfactory test-retest reliability over a period of one week. In Study 2, the factorial validity of the test was explored. The two factor solution explained 63.91% of the total variance, and the factors could be easily interpreted as implicit positive and implicit negative affect. The results indicate that IPANAT–M has satisfactory psychometric properties. Keywords: implicit affect, IPANAT–M, psychometric properties
Optimal control for Hamiltonian parameter estimation in non-commuting and bipartite quantum dynamics
Authors: Qin Shushen , Cramer Marcus , Koch Christiane , Serafini Alessio
Published: December 2022

The ability to characterise a Hamiltonian with high precision is
crucial for the implementation of quantum technologies. In addition to
the well-developed approaches utilising optimal probe states and optimal
measurements, the method of optimal control can be used to identify
time-dependent pulses applied to the system to achieve higher precision
in the estimation of Hamiltonian parameters, especially in the presence
of noise. Here, we extend optimally controlled estimation schemes for
single qubits to non-commuting dynamics as well as two interacting
qubits, demonstrating improvements in terms of maximal precision,
time-stability, as well as robustness over uncontrolled protocols.
CLOUD COMPUTING: CREATION OF ENVIRONMENTS FOR SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT USING IAAS
Authors: Vinicius Captive of Aguiar Marcus , Pessoa Meira Renato , Mark Lobo De Oliveira Jean , Mary Moreira De Melo Alyne
Published: December 2022

Cloud computing technology has been expanding and refined over time, but organizations working in the field of information technology have a certain prejudice with this technology, not relying on the security proposed bythe same. This article, shows in a practical way, the construction of a secure, high-performance cloud infrastructure developed in VS Code using the Terraform platform tool, applied to the AWS cloud.
STUDY TO ASSESS THE LEVEL OF RISK FOR HYPERTENSION AMONG SCHOOL TEACHERS AND FIND THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SELF-INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING HYPERTENSION AMONG SCHOOL TEACHERS IN SELECTED SCHOOLS AT INDIRANAGAR, LUCKNOW
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Medical Surgical Nursing Department., Angelina David Manisha , Verma Sarika ,   Assistant Professor, Medical Surgical Nursing Department.
Published: December 2022

Hypertension is the commonest disorder of cardiovascular system, posing a major public health challenge to the population in socio-economic and epidemiological transition. It is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular mortality.Self-instruction module is an effective teaching strategy for giving information to school teachers. In the study Descriptive and evaluative approach and pre-experimental one group pre-test and post-test design is used.In the present study100 teachers were selected as sample from 25 schools with the help of non-probability convenient sampling technique.Pilot study was conducted on10school teachers for level of risk assessment and from them six school teachers are selected for assessing level of knowledge for hypertension.In the result31(51.7%) sample had inadequate knowledge on hypertension in pre-test and about 29(48.3%) sample had moderately adequate knowledge but in the post-test, it was observed that all 60(100%) sample were had adequate knowledge, on hypertension. The difference between the mean post-test and the mean pre-test knowledgescore was found to be statistically significant (t59 = 49.99) at 0.05 level of significance. The table value 1.67 for 0.05 level of significance, shows that the self-instruction module on knowledge regarding hypertension was effective in increasingthe level of knowledge regardinghypertensionamongschool teachers.So, the study was concluded as the knowledge of hypertension can assist them from level of risk for hypertension and they can practice in their daily living.
A METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH TO THE DEVELOPMENT AND MAPPING OF THEURBAN LAND COVER OF THE CITY OF SOFIA
Authors:   Assistant Professor PhD, Climate, Atmosphere and Water Research Institute - Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria., Ivanov Kaloyan
Published: December 2022

The present study presents for the first time the development of a methodology for the creation of an urban land cover of the city of Sofia, which will serve the needs of the study of the local climate zones of the Bulgarian capital. For the development of the nomenclature of the land cover, data from an orthophoto image, the Urban Atlas and cadastre of the city of Sofia were used, using a number of geospatial techniques. The end result is a classification of various objects from the urban landscape of the Bulgarian capital, divided into 11 classes and 22 sub-classes, which form the main mesoclimatic factors in the city. The results show a large percentage of low-rise buildings built of bricks with dark rooftops, which implies higher temperatures in the city and the formation of urban heat islands of different sizes and a big percentage of industrial sites (38.3%) which also affects the quality of the atmospheric air in the city of Sofia.
Transformation of the Tourism Industry after COVID-19 Pandemic and Sanctions
Authors: Shabanova Lyudmila , Yusupova Gul'nara , Kabirov Il'dar
Published: December 2022

The recent reforms of the domestic economy have increased the financial gaps between different regions of the Russian Federation. More and more territories suffer from slow socio-economic development and poor life quality. A strong tourism industry may be an excellent solution if treated as a dynamic multi-industrial complex of territories. The authors used content analysis, formal logic, expert, integral, rating, and program-targeted methods to predict the transformation of the tourism industry and determine the points of its further economic growth. The assessment included the impact of macroeconomic factors, as well as the effect of the regional tourism on the local social and economic development. The article also features the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic, the current sanctions, the global digitalization, and various regional specifics on the local tourism. The research resulted in a mechanism that could turn the tourism industry into an instrument of regional economic development. However, the regional tourism industry needs a sustainable state-managed development strategy.
Economic Efficiency Assessment of Oil Producers during the Transition to Added Income Tax
Authors: Kamdina Lyudmila , Simchenko Ol'ga
Published: December 2022

Additional income tax depends on the financial result, not on the gross production indicators, as is the case of the mineral extraction tax. The authors described the advantages and disadvantages of the new fiscal regime of additional income tax and calculated it for the oil producing company Udmurtneft JSC. They also assessed the operation efficiency for the Arkhangelsk oil field under two fiscal regimes and concluded that the transition could eventually reduce the tax burden for the company. The article introduces a new model for efficient mineral extraction during transition to the additional income tax regime. The model provides economic efficiency through such indicators as taxable profit, net profit, capital investments, net cash flow, and new present value. A stress analysis revealed various factors that affect the tax value, i.e., the dependence of the new present value on the production level under two fiscal regimes, the management system complex, unit costs per 1 well and 1 ton of oil, the production level and specific costs for 1 well and 1 ton of oil, etc. The efficiency calculations and stress tests showed that the proposed model can be used to control the value of various indicators to achieve optimal new present values. Switching to profit-based tax was found feasible in terms of economic indicators: a higher new present value, a lower tax burden, and more profit, even with increasing costs.
Predictive explicit expressions from data-driven models for estimation of scour depth below ski-jump bucket spillways
Authors: Shafagh Loron Reza , Samadi Mehrshad , Shamsai Abolfazl
Published: December 2022

Scour depth estimation is an essential factor in water-related engineering problems. Scouring below spillways may endanger a dam's stability and even lead to dam destruction. As a result, it has undesirable environmental effects due to dam failure. Hence, reliable and accurate scour depth estimation below spillways is an exciting topic for researchers. For this purpose, the published and reliable prototype data related to scour depth below ski jump bucket spillways (Ds) was used to develop data-driven models. This study employed two widely used decision tree (DT) methods, including the M5 model tree (M5MT) and the classification and regression tree (CART), and also multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) for the estimation of (Ds). The proposed methods provided explicit and clear equations with straightforward applications for estimating scour depth. For the quantitative assessments of the developed formulas, three common statistical metrics, namely root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and correlation coefficient (CC), were used. Moreover, comparison results with previous approaches existing in the literature indicated the efficacy of the suggested methods. The obtained results revealed that the MARS technique was the best approach for the estimation of scour depth.
WATER POLLUTION AS A FACTOR OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Konstantinova N.A.
Published: December 2022

The review deals with different types of potable water pollution and how they affect the human health. Under consideration are the basic pollutants such as heavy metals, waste waters, medical agents, radioactive isotopes etc., and sources. The author outlines the water purification technologies employed in the Russian Federation and abroad.
CONTRAST SENSITIVITY AND OCULAR TREMULOUS MICRO-MOTIONS: A MODEL STUDY OF CHANGED GRAVITY EFFECTS ON VISUAL PERCEPTION
Authors:   St.-Petersburg State University, Shoshina I.I. , Kotova D.A. ,   St.-Petersburg State University, Zelenskaya I.S. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Lyapunov S.I. ,   Prokhorov General Physics Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Lyapunov I.S. ,   Prokhorov General Physics Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Bekreneva M.P. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Tomilovskaya E.S. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: December 2022

Visual contrast sensitivity and tremulous micro-movements of eyes were evaluated in 10 human subjects (mean age 30.8 ± 4/6 yrs) volunteered for dry immersion (DI) as a model of the physiological effects of microgravity. Contrast sensitivity was registered using visocontrastmetry with presentation of the Gabor patches with spatial frequency 0.4, 1.0, 3.0, 6.0 and 10.0 c/deg. Amplitude and frequency of eye tremulous movements were measured using a high-frequency optical tweezer. Measurements were performed a day prior to immersion, on DI days 1, 3, 5 and 7, and on the next day after the DI completion. Contrast sensitivity was found altered within both the low and high spatial frequencies; ocular micro-motion amplitudes changed within a wide range. At this point in time, these findings are a step forward in search for a method of objective assessment of the central nervous system functioning in a changed environment.
CHARACTERIZATION OF A HEALTHY HUMAN BLOOD COMPOSITION IN THE COURSE OF A YEAR-LONG STAY ON THE ANTARCTIC STATION «VOSTOK»
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Pastuhkova L.Kh. , Goncharova A.G. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Kashirina D.N. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Chebotok A.N. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Kononikhin A.S. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Brzhozovsky A.G. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Larina I.M. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Ilyin Е.А. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Orlov O.I. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: December 2022

Chromatography-mass spectrometry of dried blood spots sampled during the year-long wintering of the 65th Russian expedition to the Antarctic station Vostok identified 6798 peptides. The maximal confidence level made possible the classification of 1239 proteins. Named were proteins that changed concentrations by months 4 and 12 of wintering. Crude proteins typical for these periods were identified, too. Methods of bioinformatics established period-specific as well as common changes in proteins on the level of confidentiality. The proteomic data allow discussion of signaling pathways and ways the organism adapts to extreme life environments. Our results suggest that professional activities in the conditions of long-term hypobaric hypoxia, isolation and hypokinesia on Antarctic station «Vostok» are accompanied by changes in the blood proteome affecting first and foremost the processes that control chemical and energy homeostasis on the molecular, cell, tissue, organ and system levels.
MICROBIAL STATUS OF DEEP DIVERS
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Ilyin V.K. , Starkova L.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: December 2022

The existing deep diving statistics shows that hyperbaria consequences to the human health increase as the dive gets deeper and longer. The most common reason for termination of occupational saturation dives and early decompression is mycotic otitis externa and otitis media. In 1980s IBMP carried out investigations of the microbial status of deep saturation divers working at various depths. The results point to the fact that regardless of diver's biotope from the beginning of the isopression phase, the commensal microflora decreases gradually and the count of opportunistic gram-negative bacteria rises. Administration of antibiotics during prolonged dives must be restricted as an accessory selection factor for resistant agent.
SMOOTH MUSCLE TISSUE – A POTENTIAL TARGET OF TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCHES IN SPACE BIOMEDICINE
Authors:   Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation,  Research Institute of Experimental Biology and Medicine, Voronezh, Samoilenko T.V. , Shishkina V.V. ,   Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation,  Research Institute of Experimental Biology and Medicine, Voronezh, Antakova L.N. ,   Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation,  Research Institute of Experimental Biology and Medicine, Voronezh, Atyakshin D.A. ,   Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation,  Research Institute of Experimental Biology and Medicine, Voronezh
Published: December 2022

This is an overview of the current knowledge of the structural and functional organization of the smooth muscle tissue (SMT) presenting equally fundamental and applied interest for space biomedicine. SMT is a structural component of the visceral organs involved in adaptive reactions or pathological developments. According to the evidence, cell populations of visceral SMT contain smooth myocites differing in histophysiological properties. Many investigators reason that the SMT morphological and embriological origin is organ-specific and can be an area of translational researches, including space biomedicine. In spite of the multisided analysis of animal and humans tissues exposed to the spaceflight factors, no effort has been made to study SMT in space microgravity or ground-based modeling experiments. However, space gastroenterology knows facts about morphological transformations in the digestive organs in the spaceflight environment. Clearly, SMT as a structural component of the gastrointestinal tract may contribute directly in a number of organ-specific changes during orbital missions. SMT studies will unveil mechanisms of adaptive cell, and molecular changes with stromal mediation due to microgravity, and reveal targets for enhancing health control in space missions.
VESTIBULOPROTECTIVE ACTION OF NEW NICOTINIC ACID DERIVATIVES
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Yasnetsov Vik.V. , Ivanov Yu.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Karsanova S.K. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Yasnetsov V.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: December 2022

Experiments with rats showed that two new nicotinic acid derivatives LKhT 6-20 and LKhT 7-20 at a dose of 50 mg/kg produce a vestibuloprotective effect involving an increased food intake after rotation in 1.3 and 1.9 times respectively, when compared to the control group. Effectiveness of LKhT 7-20 exceeded reference drug mexicor (ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate, equal dose) in 1.4 times, and previously tested LKhT 6-20 in 1.5 times.
Erosion of Quantitative Resistance in Wheat and Barley to fusarium Head Blight: Gene Pyramiding Achieves and Durability Study
Authors: Sakr Nachaat
Published: December 2022

Background:

Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by several fusarium species, is one of the diseases causing the greatest worldwide damage to small grain cereals, especially wheat and barley. FHB outbreaks can substantially diminish grain yield and end-use quality due to sterile florets and withered mycotoxin-contaminated grain kernels. Great effort has been accomplished to combat FHB in the past decades; however, solutions to prevent FHB damage are limited. The development of quantitative resistant cultivars is considered a sustainable and highly desired approach to reducing FHB damage.

Objective:

This review aims to combine novel data related to the potential ability of pathogens to evolve aggressiveness, erosion of quantitative head blight resistance in wheat and barley, and applying gene pyramiding which enhances host resistance to FHB infection to achieve durable head blight resistance.

Results:

Although FHB-resistance resources have been successfully utilized by resistant parents in wheat and barley breeding programs globally, this policy does not ensure high resistance to FHB since resistance will erode due to aggressiveness shifts of the head blight population. The increasing practice of monoculture wheat and barley cultivation has perhaps raised the rate of head blight pathogen evolution and obligated the natural balance shifting in favor of the pathogen, creating more repeated and grave epidemics, even in provinces where FHB has not been earlier recorded. More aggressive FHB populations have emerged in the field and under experimental laboratory conditions. It suggests adaptation followed by a spread of some strains in their environment, including adaptation to FHB-resistant breeds and possible erosion of wheat and barely resistance. Therefore, the pyramiding of several QTLs with high impact in one cereal cultivar may extend durability.

Conclusion:

If a pyramiding of multiple resistances improving QTL combined with selection against suspected susceptibility factors is achieved in novel cultivars, the evolution of FHB pathogens might be slowed owing to reduced exposure to the pathogen, disruptive selection on FHB populations and subsequently reduced fitness of fusarium fungi. This would stabilize the pathogen population and contribute to the durability of FHB resistance.
Epidemiological Patterns of Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam: an Ecological Study
Authors: Sivčo Patrik , Nguyen Giang Hoang , Melichová Juliana , Plančíková Dominika , Majdan Marek , Rusnák Martin
Published: December 2022

Background:

Hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus belong to the most costly chronic diseases worldwide. The Socialist Republic of Vietnam is a country with a high burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases, with hypertension and diabetes among the top contributors to premature mortality.

Objective:

The aim of the study was to describe and assess the scale of the burden of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.

Methods:

An ecological study employing secondary data analysis was conducted. Data from the Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation and Vietnamese Health Statistic Yearbooks were analysed by linear and polynomial regression analyses, Kendall rank correlation, and Pearson correlation.

Results:

From 1990 to 2017, on average, 22% of all deaths and 11% of all disability-adjusted life years were associated with high systolic blood pressure, and 3% of all deaths and 2% of all disability-adjusted life years were attributable to type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. The decrease in the number of elementary nurses, as well as the increase in health insurance expenditures per inpatient, seems to be, with the highest degree of certainty, correlated with type 2 diabetes mellitus death and disability-adjusted life years rates.

Conclusion:

If the tracked progress remains at the same pace, the Socialist Republic of Vietnam will likely be unable to achieve the targets related to Goal 3 of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Developing regulatory frameworks and social demand for professionalism could encourage nurses to pursue higher education.
The Politics of Vulnerability and Care: An Interview with Estelle Ferrarese
Authors: Schoonheim Liesbeth , Vervoort Tivadar , Ferrarese Estelle
Published: December 2022

In this interview, Estelle Ferrarese elaborates on her account of vulnerability and care to highlight its political and social, as opposed to its ethical, dimensions. Drawing on, amongst others, Adorno, Tronto, Castell, and Laugier, she argues that vulnerability and care should not be understood ontologically, as an antropological exposure of the body, but rather socially, as the normative expectations and material conditions under which care work takes place. Situating her approach in anglophone and francophone discussions on vulnerability and precarity, she discusses her approach to normative expectations and how it informs her account of vulnerability of living at the mercy of someone else's agency, as well as the politicization of vulnerability. She also discusses the political implications of her account of vulnerability and care with regard to a range of contemporary issues, such as the Men's Right Movement, the posthuman turn and the Antropocene, and mutual aid and the neoliberalization of the welfare state.
Development of an integrated ability assessment instrument in reaction rate material
Authors: Hania Wan Zahara Zaitu , Sutrisno Hari
Published: December 2022

This research aimed to develop a valid and reliable integrated ability assessment instrument (IAAI) to measure the multiple representations and chemical literacy of senior high school students related to the reaction rates. The framework developed in this research was implemented based on a 4-D model (defining, designing, developing, and disseminating). The integrated assessment consisted of five items of essay questions. The preliminary version of the IAAI was initially piloted on reviews by experts, and the paper-pencil test was given to a group of students. The obtained data were analyzed using Item Response Theory (IRT). In addition, Generalized Partial Credit Model (GPCM) model was conducted to examine the parameter quality, which estimated the test items. The content validity, construct validity, and quality of the items suggest that the integrated assessment ability instrument has a high score in validity and reliability. The analysis results of the instrument trial data indicate that the integrated abilities of students are in the medium category.
Student conceptual and epistemic quality improvement argumenation with scaffolding on argument-driven inquiry
Authors: Hasnunidah Neni , Susilo Herawati , Irawati Mimien H. , Suwono Hadi
Published: December 2022

This study is aimed at comparing the quality of students’ argumentation based on conceptual and epistemic aspects between learnings that implement argument-driven inquiry (ADI) and argument-driven inquiry with scaffolding (ADIS) models. The data were collected through dialogic argumentation observation sheets for the students and audio-visual recordings and were analyzed qualitatively. The study invoved 67 participants in the ADI group and 81 participants in the ADIS group. The quality of student argument with the ADI model differed significantly from the ADIS model. Results show that the students in the ADIS class were are better at providing sufficient data to support claims and coherent causal explanations to explain a certain phenomenon, and at organizing accurate rhetorical references when expressing data.
Получение стеклокерамики системы MgO-SiO-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=- методом плазменной плавки
Authors: Шеховцов В.В. , Волокитин О.Г. , Ушков В.А. , Зорин Д.А.
Published: December 2022

Results of experimental studies of the synthesis glass ceramics of the MgO–SiO2 system by plasma melting at atmospheric pressure are presented. According to electron microscopy data, during melt crystallization rate of 287 ± 5 K/s, the surface morphology is represented by dense packing of rhombic dodecahedral Mg2SiO4 crystals (there is no open porosity). In this case, the matrix is ​​characterized by the formation of dense framework with clear linear arrangement of spherical inclusions corresponding to the MgSiO3 phase. Result of synthesis by plasma melting, glass ceramics with density of 3.56 g/cm3 and microhardness of up to 15 GPa were obtained. It is assumed that glass-ceramics with such a composition can be considered as an excellent option for the development of economical high-quality refractory.
An Exploratory Trial of EPI-589 in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (EPIC-ALS): Protocol for a Multicenter, Open-Labeled, 24-Week, Single-Group Study
Authors: Haji Shotaro , Fujita Koji , Oki Ryosuke , Osaki Yusuke , Miyamoto Ryosuke , Morino Hiroyuki , Nagano Seiichi , Atsuta Naoki , Kanazawa Yuki , Matsumoto Yuki , Arisawa Atsuko , Kawai Hisashi , Sato Yasutaka , Sakaguchi Satoshi , Yagi Kenta , Hamatani Tatsuto , Kagimura Tatsuo , Yanagawa Hiroaki , Mochizuki Hideki , Doyu Manabu , Sobue Gen , Harada Masafumi , Izumi Yuishin
Published: December 2022

Background

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder, with its currently approved drugs, including riluzole and edaravone, showing limited therapeutic effects. Therefore, safe and effective drugs are urgently necessary. EPI-589 is an orally available, small-molecule, novel redox-active agent characterized by highly potent protective effects against oxidative stress with high blood-brain barrier permeability. Given the apparent oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction involvement in the pathogenesis of ALS, EPI-589 may hold promise as a therapeutic agent.

Objective

This protocol aims to describe the design and rationale for the EPI-589 Early Phase 2 Investigator-Initiated Clinical Trial for ALS (EPIC-ALS).

Methods

EPIC-ALS is an explorative, open-labeled, single-arm trial that evaluates the safety and tolerability of EPI-589 in patients with ALS. This trial consists of 12-week run-in, 24-week treatment, and 4-week follow-up periods. Patients will receive 500 mg of EPI-589 3 times daily over the 24-week treatment period. Clinical assessments include the mean monthly change of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale–Revised total score. The biomarkers are selected to analyze the effect on oxidative stress and neuronal damage. The plasma biomarkers are 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), neurofilament light chain (NfL), phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain (pNfH), homocysteine, and creatinine. The cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers are 8-OHdG, 3-NT, NfL, pNfH, and ornithine. The magnetic resonance biomarkers are fractional anisotropy in the corticospinal tract and N-acetylaspartate in the primary motor area.

Results

This trial began data collection in September 2021 and is expected to be completed in October 2023.

Conclusions

This study can provide useful data to understand the characteristics of EPI-589.

Trial Registration

Japan Primary Registries Network jRCT2061210031; tinyurl.com/2p84emu6

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/42032
Desempeño mecánico de concretos con agregados RCD, por método ACI y por volumen
Authors: Tahuiton Mora Antonio , Muciño Vélez Alberto , Guillén Guillén César Armando
Published: December 2022

Se diseñó concreto de 150 kg/cm2 mediante método ACI y por volumen utilizando agregados reciclados y naturales comparando la resistencia a compresión simple de distintas mezclas, empleando cemento portland tipo II 30r RS y agua de la red como constantes. La mezcla con sustitución de 100% RCD no cumplió, pero sustituciones parciales de agregados gruesos RCD con arenas naturales sí funcionan. La incorporación de concretos con RCD es menos densa y requiere mayor agua. La interacción de agregados naturales y RCD permite obtener resistencias diferenciadas, pero fue posible lograr resistencia esperada con sustituciones parciales de RCD. Los agregados naturales interactúan de manera diferente con los agregados reciclados. Se propone para concretos RCD utilizar diseño de mezcla por desempeño.
Material Relationship with Nias House Structural System in Response to Earthquake
Authors: Fantri Felicia , Buwono Ruth Aureline Marsha , Ongkojoyo Tiffany Aurelia , Santoso Josefira Jedine , Hariyanto Agus Dwi
Published: December 2022

Nias Island is located on plates that collide with each other so it is very vulnerable to earthquakes. This is what makes the Nias community built so that they can adapt to the environment by utilizing wood materials in the structural system of the house. This study aims to determine the pattern of loading on Nias houses, as well as the placement of wood types in the composition of the structural elements of the house. This is to answer the formulation of the research problem, namely how is the relationship between the material and the structural system of the house to respond to the earthquake problem. The research was conducted by collecting data from journals and other sources, and making models from the data obtained. Then the data obtained were analyzed quantitatively by comparing the specifications of the wood to its placement in the structure of the house. The placement of the type of wood on the Nias house structure depends on the strength and durability of the wood, the higher the grade of wood, the wood is used as the main structure of the house and in the foundation of the house.
CHARACTERISTICS OF WAKALAH CONTRACT IN FINANCING WITH MURABAHAH CONTRACT
Authors: Abdillah A. Junaidi , Susanti Dyah Ochtorina , Tektona Rahmadi
Published: December 2022

Act Number 21 of 2008 about Islamic Banking regulates that one of the businesses of Islamic commercial banks is to channel financing under a murabahah contract. Fatwa of the National Sharia Council – MUI No. 04/DSN-MUI/IV/2000 concerning Murabahah regulates the mechanism for granting authorization to customers by banks, to purchase goods from third parties and the murabahah sale and purchase contract must be carried out after the goods, in principle, become the property of the bank. The purpose of this study is to understand, describe, and find the suitability of the characteristic mechanism in financing with murabahah contracts with Fatwa and the provisions of Islamic bank regulators. This research method is normative juridical with a statutory and comparative approach. The research methodology used is doctrinal legal research. Doctrinal legal research is the study of legal rules, principles, concepts or doctrines. In this study, it was found that the characteristics of wakalah contracts in murabahah financing are as a means of granting power of attorney to purchase murabahah objects by customers as proxies from the bank, to then be handed back to the bank and then sold to customers under a murabahah contract.