bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teoría de la mente y esquizofrenia: una revisión de la literatura disponible en los últimos cinco años (2010-2014)
Authors: NAVARRO GÓMEZ Noelia
Published: September 2024

La Teoría de la Mente (ToM), conceptuada como la habilidad de atribuir creencias, intenciones o emociones a uno mismo o a otros y ver estos estados mentales como la base de las acciones, así como las implicaciones de su afectación en la cognición social, se han puesto de relevancia en los últimos años en el ámbito de la esquizofrenia. Se presenta una revisión teórica de la literatura disponible publicada en los últimos cinco años (2010-2014). Se observa el predominio del modelo biomédico, interesado en encontrar las relaciones entre los déficits en habilidades de ToM y estructuras cerebrales. En líneas generales, puede concluirse que las habilidades de ToM, constituyen una variable predictora del funcionamiento social y global, pudiendodar cuenta de la pobre comprensión del sarcasmo, el lenguaje figurativo y el humor en pacientes con esquizofrenia. Se determina la necesidad de establecer nuevos paradigmas, de corte interactivo y validez ecológica, superando las limitaciones de las medidas tradicionalmente utilizadas para evaluar la ToM, siendo fundamental la continuidad y el desarrollo de líneas de intervención.
La infancia de Miracle Cómo la pobreza, la inmigración y el racismo han hecho mella en un niño de cinco año
Authors: MORENO RODRÍGUEZ Mª Carmen
Published: September 2024

Al dejarlos con su padre se quedan mirando con esosojos, tan expresivos, como diciendo tantas cosas, que es imposiblequitárselos de la cabeza. Me he sentido mal porqueal padre le han dicho que querían volverse conmigo. Sé, sabemoslos dos, que no es una cuestión de sentimientos; sóloquieren decir que durante el rato que han estado conmigohan comido. No que hayan comido a las horas de sentarse ala mesa, sino que podían hacerlo cuando y cuanto quisieran,porque en la despensa o el frigorífico siempre había algo-unas galletas, unas natillas- que llevarse a la boca.
Experiencias e interacciones de la familia de origen y su influencia en las relaciones afectivas de los adultos jóvenes
Authors: SMITH ETXEBERRIA Klara , ORTIZ BARÓN María José , APODACA URQUIJO Pedro
Published: September 2024

Esta investigación consistió en analizar la influencia relativa del conflicto interparental y de la historia de apego enlas representaciones mentales del apego actual (confianza en el self y en los demás), y en las relaciones parento-filialesactuales de adultos jóvenes. Participaron 241 adultos jóvenes (M edad = 21,68 años). Los resultados revelaron que losjóvenes pertenecientes a familias altamente conflictivas refieren peores relaciones con ambos progenitores y menorconfianza en sí mismos en las relaciones afectivas que aquellos cuyos padres mantienen niveles de conflicto bajo.A pesar de ello, la historia de apego es la variable que mejor explica las relaciones afectivas de los adultos jóvenes,encontrándose que aquellos con una historia segura tienen relaciones afectivas más positivas. Es reseñable también laausencia de diferencias encontradas entre los niveles de conflicto bajo y alto-resuelto, lo que sugiere que ambas puedenser igualmente positivas en las relaciones afectivas de los jóvenes. Estos resultados subrayan la importancia de estudiar lahistoria de apego y de considerar la resolución del conflicto a la hora de determinar los efectos del conflicto interparental.
Celos y envidia en el trabajo: una revisión de los últimos 20 años
Authors: GIRBÉS LLÁCER Begoña , MARTÍN JULIÁN Roberto
Published: September 2024

No cabe duda que las organizaciones pueden verse afectadas por las respuestas afectivas de sus miembros, y que el modo en que se gestionen estas respuestas influirá de manera decisiva en su desempeño laboral. Dos de las emociones que influyen de manera directa en el rendimiento son los celos y la envidia. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo realizar una revisión bibliográfica de los últimos 20 años sobre los celos y la envidia en el ámbito laboral. Tras una búsqueda exhaustiva de 41 artículos relevantes, se procedió a explorar las principales definiciones dadas, los métodos de medida utilizados para su evaluación y las variables antecedentes y consecuentes con las que se han relacionado estas dos emociones. Para terminar, se presentan las limitaciones de estos estudios y las propuestas de futuro para este campo de investigación. Los resultados apuntan que las futuras investigaciones deberían centrarse en el estudio de las variables moduladoras entre los celos y la envidia, además de tener en cuenta la utilización de metodología cualitativa y los estudios longitudinales.
Comunicación interpersonal e incidencia del burnout en la interacción entre sanitarios y pacientes
Authors: LUCAS-MILÁN Mª Guadalupe , MORENO-MANSO Juan Manuel , SUÁREZ-MUÑOZ Ángel
Published: September 2024

Se analiza la calidad de la atención y comunicación al paciente, teniendo en cuenta las características personales intrínsecas de los profesionales sanitarios (en este caso el burnout) que puedan incidir y afectar esta relación. La muestra está compuesta por 760 sanitarios divididos en tres perfiles: médicos, enfermeros y auxiliares técnicos. La propuesta metodológica de este trabajo se desarrolla en el contexto del Servicio Extremeño de Salud. Los resultados manifiestan que los sanitarios no perciben dificultades en la calidad de la atención y la comunicación con el paciente, destacando que su principal habilidad radica en la empatía que muestran hacia el usuario (se perciben cercanos, comprensivos, amistosos…). Lo mismo que en la adecuada calidad de la atención y comunicación con el paciente. En cuanto al burnout, los profesionales consideran que no manifiestan cansancio emocional y despersonalización en su puesto de trabajo; además, se sienten muy realizados en su labor profesional.
Ciberacoso en la adolescencia y revelación de las agresiones
Authors: RODRÍGUEZ DOMÍNGUEZ Carmen , MARTÍNEZ-PECINO Roberto , DURÁN SEGURA Mercedes
Published: September 2024

El ciberacoso, sobre todo el que acontece entre adolescentes, es una problemática social que de forma creciente concentra los esfuerzos investigadores de la comunidad científica. Una estrategia de afrontamiento que puede amortiguar sus efectos es la revelación de la experiencia vivida a personas cercanas. Este trabajo analiza por un lado, la frecuencia e intensidad de ciberacoso y cibervictimización en una muestra de 394 adolescentes españoles, y por otro, la revelación de la cibervictimización como estrategia de afrontamiento del fenómeno de ciberacoso. Además se examinan las diferencias de género en estas variables. Los principales resultados obtenidos muestran un alto porcentaje de participantes implicados en el fenómeno del ciberacoso, bien como ciberagresores o como cibervíctimas. El 52.4% de los adolescentes victimizados reveló su experiencia a alguna persona cercana, siendo las personas a las que mayoritariamente recurrían sus amistades frente a otras personas adultas. Estos hallazgos sugieren la necesidad de intervenir con los adolescentes y sensibilizarlos sobre la necesidad de comunicar las situaciones de ciberacoso a personas adultas que puedan ayudarles a poner fin a la situación y superar la experiencia vivida.
Cartografiando la pedofilia: eficacia de los tratamientos y estrategias futuras
Authors: BALBUENA RIVERA Francisco
Published: September 2024

ResumenPara orientar el trabajo de los profesionales de la salud mental que trabajan con pedófilos se necesitan evaluacionesclínicas rigurosas que aporten evidencias de la eficacia de las intervenciones psicoterapéuticas y/o psicofarmacológicas.Con ese propósito, se revisan aquí distintos hallazgos obtenidos hasta hoy en el tratamiento de los pedófilos. Aunque loshallazgos son incipientes, la literatura científica sugiere ciertas anomalías en el neurodesarrollo asociadas a tal parafilia.También hay evidencia empírica que avala la eficacia del abordaje multimodal que combina los tratamientos cognitivo-conductuales usados con medidas psicosociales y/o jurídicas. Los avances que puedan producirse en la explicaciónetiológica de la pedofilia ayudarán en el futuro a adoptar programas de prevención y tratamiento más eficaces.
Estimulación del potencial de aprendizaje en niños y niñas con discapacidad intelectual
Authors: RÍOS GALLARDO Ángela Magnolia , VALLEJO CUÉLLAR Lisimaco , MARÍN ZAMBRANA Andrea Milena , BERMEO LOSADA María Alejandra
Published: September 2024

Una de las alternativas para medir la inteligencia no influenciada por el lenguaje, la cultura y las necesidades especiales es la evaluación del potencial de aprendizaje a través del aprendizaje mediado. Esta investigación busca evidencias del efecto de la estimulación en la mejora en el potencial de aprendizaje de niños con discapacidad intelectual. Se llevó a cabo un estudio cuasi-experimental con diseño pretest-postest-postest1mes, con un grupo único compuesto por 21 niños con Síndrome de Down que asisten al Programa de Inclusión Educativa para las Necesidades Educativas Especiales. Los resultados muestran evidencias de mejora en el potencial de aprendizaje.
Hacer realidad un derecho: una experiencia de inclusión de alumnado con discapacidad cognitiva en una institución educativa
Authors: RÍOS GALLARDO Ángela Magnolia , GIL VARGAS Isabel Cristina , HERNÁNDEZ VANEGAS Carolina , BERMEO LOSADA María Alejandra
Published: September 2024

La inclusión del alumnado con algún tipo de discapacidad es uno de los retos pendientes en el ámbito escolar. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo comprender las experiencias subjetivas de los estudiantes con discapacidad cognitiva leve, padres de familia, pares y docentes, frente al proceso de inclusión escolar en una institución educativa de la ciudad de Neiva. Es un estudio cualitativo-etnográfico que utilizó la observación participante y el dibujo libre en 27 personas distribuidas en 6 grupos (entidades gubernamentales, grupo de apoyo, profesores, padres de familia, estudiantes con discapacidad e iguales). Los resultados evidencian que son las entidades gubernamentales las encargadas de garantizar el derecho a la educación y a la inclusión escolar desde la normatividad reconociendo que existen dificultades en la implementación de estos programas. Las demás personas involucradas en el proceso requieren tener mucho compromiso para que la inclusión pueda realizarseen un ambiente de igualdad quepermita la construcción del proyecto de vida. Los estudiantes con discapacidad cognitiva se sienten bien ya que tienen la oportunidad de iniciar un proceso de socialización con los pares los cuales los han aceptado, acogido y establecido un trato con igualdad.
Soledad social y emocional, factores de riesgo asociados en personas que ejercen la prostitución
Authors: PINEDO GONZÁLEZ Ruth , LÓPEZ SÁNCHEZ Félix
Published: September 2024

El estigma asociado al ejercicio de la prostitución y las condiciones en las que se realiza favorece la exclusión de este colectivo que puede interferir en la adecuada satisfacción de sus necesidades emocionales y sociales favoreciendo la aparición del sentimiento de soledad. Este estudio relaciona las condiciones en las que se lleva a cabo la prostitución con los sentimientos de soledad. Se ha encontrado que la muestra presenta condiciones de vida que favorecen la aparición de sentimientos de soledad, los cuales son más altos que la población general. Mejorar los vínculos socioemocionales de este colectivo es necesario para mejorar su salud.
Exploring Strategies to Facilitate Student Participation in Speaking Classes
Authors: Achekzai Pohanwal Zarghona , ADIB Abdul Rahman
Published: September 2024

Speaking is one of the essential skills for learning a language that should be learned through practice and participation. The goal of this research is to find out strategies that facilitate students’ participation in speaking classroom. The participants of the study were 20 students (10) male and 10 females) from junior class of English department of Kabul Education University. It has been found that there are good strategies for increasing student’s participation in speaking classroom. Data showed that 21% of the participants strongly agreed that promoting self-confidence will facilitate their participation in speaking classroom, different percentage of the participants also agreed on stimulating task and present them properly, pleasant and supportive environment, positive way to error correction, employing cooperative work stimulate them to participate in speaking classroom. 5% of the participants agreed that teacher establish a supportive relationship and familiarizing students with English related values increase their participation in speaking classroom.  4% of the participants agreed with Promote group cohesiveness. These facilitating strategies will help instructors to increase their students’ participation in speaking classroom.
Effective Factors for Promoting Student Engagement in Educational Activities
Authors: Darmal Hassan Khan , Weyar Sayed Shah Gul
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the Effective Factors for Promoting Student Engagement in Educational Activities at the Faculty of Education, Helmand University. The research employed a quantitative approach and utilized a sample of (278) students from a total population of (995), selected using the Rao Soft Sample Size Calculator. The study had a (95%) confidence interval and a (5%) error level. The primary objective of this research was to explore the effective factors for promoting students engagement in educational activities. Two questionnaires were used, one focusing on students' educational activities and the other on teachers' emotional behavior. Simple linear regression was applied to analyze the effects of the independent variable (teachers' emotional behavior) on the dependent variable (students' educational activities), with data analyzed using SPSS and Excel. The findings indicate that teachers' emotional behavior significantly influences students' educational performance and activities. Specifically, the study found that teachers' strict and serious behavior (83%), establishing communication with students' parents (80%), and friendly and sincere relationships between students and teachers (76%) have notable effects on students' educational activities. This suggests that when teachers exhibit a gentle, sincere, friendly, and supportive attitude towards students during the teaching process, students are more likely to attend classes enthusiastically and actively participate in their lessons.
Exploring Resveratrol Intervention in Managing Menopausal Symptoms: A Comprehensive Systematic Review of Clinical Trials
Authors: Bernadine Tiara Maharani  , Wahidatur Rosyidah  , Muhammad Daffa' Naufal  , Hervani Putri  , Leny Silvia Farida
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Menopause, a significant event in a woman's reproductive lifespan, entails hormonal changes and a range of symptoms affecting various bodily systems. Conventional treatments like hormone replacement therapy (HRT) have limitations and associated risks, prompting interest in alternative therapies such as resveratrol.
Materials/Methods: The literature search was conducted in six databases. The outcome of interest measures the mean changes in bone mineral density (BMD), Quality of Life (QoL), bone biomarkers, menopause symptoms, and cognitive and mood functions pre- and post-interventions. Resveratrol was administered in various forms and doses, including trans-resveratrol 75 mg twice or once daily, 250/500/1000 mg resveratrol tablets, and a combination of fermented soy containing 10 mg equol and 25 mg resveratrol. Quality appraisal was done using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2.
Results: Resveratrol supplementation in post-menopausal women, involving 745 participants across various studies, has shown remarkable health benefits. These include improved cerebral vasoreactivity (CVR) to hypercapnia, a 10% decrease in overall pain, and enhanced quality of life. Additionally, resveratrol boosts flow-mediated dilation (FMD) by 23% and increases serum sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) concentrations by 10%, benefiting bone mineral density (BMD). Over the long term, it leads to a significant 35% increase in FMD and a substantial 33% enhancement in overall cognitive performance, highlighting its diverse benefits.
Conclusion: For women in the post-menopausal stage, resveratrol supplementation shows potential for improving cardiovascular health, relieving pain, enhancing quality of life, supporting bone health, boosting cognitive function, and promoting overall mental well-being.
Perancangan dan Pengembangan Treker Shock Breaker dengan Pendekatan Metode Rasional
Authors: Anwardi  , Nadia Gita Pratiwi  , Wibowo Ryan Prayoga , Meiliati Herriyzka , Akbar Prama Muadzin , Rahmayanti Fina
Published: September 2024

Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) memainkan peran penting dalam kemajuan ekonomi dan teknologi di Indonesia, khususnya dalam menciptakan peluang kerja dan inovasi yang terus meningkat setiap tahun. Bengkel Motor ABC, salah satu UMKM yang bergerak di bidang otomotif, menawarkan jasa servis pemasangan dan penggantian shock breaker. Namun, proses pembukaan shock breaker di Bengkel Motor ABC masih menggunakan alat treker tradisional yang berisiko menyebabkan goresan pada shock breaker dan cedera pada tenaga kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengembangkan alat treker shock breaker yang lebih aman dan efisien menggunakan metode rasional. Hasil pengembangan mencakup penambahan dua penyangga di bagian atas, dua pengunci, serta bantalan pada body treker yang dilapisi plat baja pada lubang tempat peletakan shock breaker. Uji coba dilakukan pada 40% dari 50 bengkel servis motor, dengan hasil menunjukkan peningkatan efisiensi kerja rata-rata sebesar 52,51%. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan alat treker shock breaker memberikan dampak positif, memudahkan pekerja, dan meningkatkan keselamatan kerja.
Analisis Material Requirement Planning (MRP) untuk Perencanaan dan Pengendalian Persediaan Bahan Baku Produksi Saus
Authors: Martinus Wisnu Saputra  , Ayudyah Eka Apsari
Published: September 2024

PT XYZ merupakan perusahaan di wilayah Yogyakarta yang memproduksi saos sebagai produk utamanya. Saat ini sistem perencanaan kebutuhan bahan baku perusahaan belum optimal karena tidak memperhitungkan kebutuhan masa depan, sehingga perlu melakukan perencanaan tingkat produksi dan pengelolaan bahan baku baik dalam hal pembelian maupun pemakaian yang didahului dengan perhitungan peramalan permintaan konsumen. Titik fokus atau yang menjadi objek penelitian adalah tingkat pemakaian dan kebutuhan bahan baku saos. Pengumpulan data dilaksanakan dengan observasi dan wawancara serta pengolahan data dilakukan dengan metode Material Requirement Planning (MRP) dengan membandingkan teknik lot sizing seperti Lot for Lot (LFL) dan Economic Order Quantity (EOQ). Teknik lot sizing yang menghasilkan biaya lebih rendah adalah teknik LFL, sehingga keputusan yang diambil adalah perencanaan kebutuhan bahan baku di PT XYZ dengan metode MRP akan menggunakan teknik LFL. Perhitungan MRP dengan teknik LFL dapat diimplemetasikan karena lead time bahan baku tidak lama serta pemasok bahan baku tidak mensyaratkan ukuran lot tertentu. Perencanaan kebutuhan bahan baku dengan metode MRP lebih optimal dibandingkan metode konvensional. Penggunaan metode MRP dapat menghemat biaya persediaan hingga sebesar Rp 1.983.657,33 atau hampir 2 kali lipat dari metode konvensional.
Impacto de Storybird en el desarrollo de la escritura creativa por estudiantes de Básica Superior
Authors: Torres-Alvarez Dollys Anabel , Suarez-Andrade Gladys Andrea , Figueroa-Corrales Eufemia , Tapia-Bastidas Tatiana
Published: September 2024

Este estudio investiga el impacto de la herramienta digital Storybird en el desarrollo de habilidades de escritura creativa en estudiantes de décimo año de la Unidad Educativa Particular “Jesús Martínez de Ezquerecocha”. Su objetivo principal fue diseñar un sistema de actividades para el uso de la herramienta Storybird en el desarrollo de escritura creativa por estudiantes de décimo año paralelo 'A' de la Unidad Educativa Particular “Jesús Martínez de Ezquerecocha”. A través de un enfoque metodológico que incluye cuestionarios, observaciones y análisis de producciones escritas, se busca evaluar cómo la integración de tecnologías en el aula puede mejorar la motivación y el compromiso de los estudiantes en la escritura. Los resultados indican que el uso de Storybird no solo facilita la creación de escritura visualmente atractiva, sino que también promueve un ambiente de aprendizaje colaborativo donde los estudiantes pueden intercambiar retroalimentación y reflexionar sobre su proceso creativo. A pesar de los beneficios observados, se identificaron desafíos, como la resistencia de algunos estudiantes a utilizar la herramienta y la necesidad de apoyo adicional en la estructuración de sus ideas. Las conclusiones sugieren que Storybird es una herramienta efectiva para mejorar las habilidades de escritura, pero se recomienda que los educadores ofrezcan capacitación y recursos adicionales para maximizar su potencial. Además, se plantea la necesidad de realizar investigaciones futuras que exploren el uso de otras herramientas digitales en la enseñanza de la escritura creativa.
Gestión de conocimiento y sustentabilidad en una empresa vitivinícola
Authors: Herrera López León Daniella , Garfias Sánchez Juan Carlos
Published: September 2024

Esta investigación muestra un estudio de caso dentro del sector vitivinícola de la Ruta del Queso y el Vino en Tequisquiapan, Querétaro, México. El objetivo fue identificar la relación entre la gestión del conocimiento y la sustentabilidad de sus métodos. Además, se consideró la variabilidad de empresas vitivinicultoras que usan prácticas de reacondicionamiento, reutilización y reciclaje dentro de sus procesos para minimizar residuos y cuidar los recursos. Esto con el fin de fomentar una economía circular traducida en organizaciones sustentables operando en el estado de Querétaro. Además de generar valor y capital contable como en activos intangibles. Asimismo, la investigación analizó por medio de un enfoque mixto los principales problemas que existen en la gestión del conocimiento y la sustentabilidad en San Juanito Vitivinícola. Se aplicó por medio de Google Forms una encuesta de 20 reactivos a 10 personas en diferentes puestos de la vitivinícola. Los primeros 10 reactivos se enfocaron en la variable dependiente de gestión de conocimiento, y los otros 10 en la variable independiente de sustentabilidad. Se identificó un patrón en el crecimiento sostenido y sustentable dentro de San Juanito Vitivinícola.
Continuing education on prostate cancer in primary care: An experience report
Authors: Vieira Juliana Sofia Silva , Cavalcanti Iva Mariana Pereira , Cavalcanti Joana Ribeiro dos Santos , de Sousa Sarah Gomes , Girard Bruna Peixoto , de Carvalho Laís Dantas Torres , Quevedo Liz Camila Labrada , Medeiros Alba Letícia Peixoto
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Prostate cancer is a condition in which malignant cells develop in the prostate, a gland in the male reproductive system responsible for producing part of the seminal fluid. It is one of the most common types of cancer among men aged 50 and over, leading to more resistant patients with complications and deaths. The “Blue November” public health campaign aims to raise awareness about this disease, focusing especially on raising awareness about the adoption of healthier lifestyle habits that act as prevention factors, and early diagnosis through routine exams. Objective: To report the experience of a health action on prostate cancer within the Primary Care system. Method: This is an experience report on a health action on prostate cancer, carried out in November 2022 at the Basic Health Unit in the city of Belém, Alagoas, in which an interdisciplinary health team composed of professionals such as a doctor, nurse, nursing technician, nutritionist, dentist and social worker works, providing care, lectures and educational dynamics in the waiting room. Results: The health professionals who worked in an educational manner in this action were able to promote health knowledge to the men treated at that UBS, the target audience of the campaign, increasing their attendance at multidisciplinary consultations and early diagnosis of prostate cancer, in addition to emphasizing the influence of good lifestyle habits in maintaining positive clinical evaluations, such as a balanced diet and regular physical activity. Conclusion: Since there is still some resistance to achieving comprehensive public health for men, the challenge of diagnosing prostate cancer early is clear, which justifies the importance and relevance of actions such as the one carried out in this action, enabling improvements in health indicators in the long term.
Effects of domestic trauma on infant mortality: An analysis of the impacts on pediatric health
Authors: Lima Bianca de Souza , Monção Gabriela Dezan , Rodrigues Filho João Nelson dos Santos , Furlaneto Jéssica Vanessa Iglesias , Candia Bruna Franco , Carneiro Felipe Sanches , Rodrigues Barbara dos Reis Dal Lago , Rodrigues Neto Celso Dal Lago , Coll Victor Santos , Jorge João Pedro da Silva Miranda
Published: September 2024

Childhood trauma resulting from domestic accidents is a serious public health problem in Brazil, where traffic accidents and drowning are the main causes of infant mortality. Approximately 4,700 children die annually and 125,000 are hospitalized due to accidents. These events are often predictable and preventable. Domestic accidents involving children are associated with social and cultural factors such as lack of family knowledge, absence of a preventive culture, inadequate surveillance, and unsafe environments. The review seeks to compile data on childhood trauma to promote discussions that encourage future studies and public policies aimed at protecting children. The literature review was conducted based on data from 2020 to 2024, using terms such as "Childhood trauma" and "Childhood burn trauma", and selecting complete and relevant articles. The results indicate that drownings are most common among children aged one to five, with peaks at two and four years. Drowning is the leading cause of death among children aged five to fourteen and can occur quickly, even in small volumes of water. Preventive measures include physical barriers in swimming pools and strict supervision. Falls and local trauma are the most frequent types of accidents at all ages, with a predominance among boys and in the 10- to 13-year-old age group. Burns are also a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, with hot liquids being the main cause. Factors such as lack of running water and low income increase the risk of burns. In conclusion, lack of family supervision is a critical factor in domestic trauma, often resulting from an overconfidence in safety.
Bacteriophages in the treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Pereira Clarice de Abreu , Bandeira Amanda Souza , Pozzan Gabriel Luis , Lima Luis Guilherme Fernandes Costa , dos Santos Junior Adeni Ferreira
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Inflammatory bowel diseases are the result of an interaction between environmental, genetic and immunological factors, which result in a persistent inflammatory process in the intestines. The relationship between the intestinal microbiota and its influence and possible changes in IBD is not completely clear, however it is believed that the existence of a local inflammatory process generates changes, i.e. intestinal dysbiosis, often associated with the development of symptoms. The treatment of IBD depends on the signs and symptoms presented by the patient and may include aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, immunosuppressants and anti-TNF biological therapy. Objective: To address and synthesize information on the use of bacteriophages in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Methodology: This is a literature review, the bases of which were taken from the SciELO and PubMed databases. The research period was from August 2023, meeting the inclusion criteria of articles from 2003 to 2023, in Portuguese and English, online texts and in full texts. Literature review: Currently, the search for the use of Bacteriophages, which are viruses that parasitize specific bacteria and are capable of invading the membrane and participating in the regulation of activity and can act by decreasing the response to inflammation. Thus, the search is for their use to control and regulate the process of intestinal dysbiosis and reduce the symptoms of IBD, since it controls multidrug-resistant bacteria. As well as being a controlled and monitored treatment, which has already proven to be an efficient treatment. Since the use of bacteriophages as antimicrobial agents has been increasing, it is necessary to understand their fields of application, since they are currently used from water and food safety to animal health. At the same time, the sensory and nutritional properties of food must always be preserved, and therefore, bacteriophages play an important role, as they are an alternative measure for this pathology. Conclusion: Thus, it is understood that IBD has increased in incidence, due to several factors existing in today's society, as well as new pharmacological measures being necessary, therefore, treatments should be encouraged and monitored, such as the use of bacteriophages, which has shown positive results.
What death is this?
Authors: Otuka Tatiane Lurie Rodrigues , Schliemann Ana Laura
Published: September 2024

Medicine has evolved significantly, with an emphasis on defending life and prolonging existence, which led to the creation of Palliative Care in 1967. This aims to maintain the dignity and autonomy of patients with terminal illnesses, promoting humanized care. The study aims to evaluate the perception of medical students about terminal illness and Palliative Care, considering the influence of teaching these topics throughout the undergraduate course.
Stroke: Symptom identification, FAST protocol and initial management
Authors: de Lacerda Dhiego Alves , Honorato Pedro Fechine , de Albuquerque José George Ferreira , de Araujo Luennia Kerlly Alves Rocha , Rocha Francisco Glauter Araujo , de Lucena Cícera Luciana Pereira , Leite Ingrid Michelle de Moura , Celeste Heitor Estrela , de Freitas Neto Valentim Fragoso , Cavalcante Ayla Alves , Gomes Thays Costa
Published: September 2024

INTRODUCTION: Stroke is a prevalent medical emergency characterized by the obstruction or rupture of cerebral blood vessels, resulting in acute neuronal injury. Prompt identification of clinical signs is essential for immediate therapeutic intervention and minimization of sequelae. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to review and synthesize recent literature on the characteristic symptoms of stroke, the use of the FAST protocol for rapid screening, and recommended initial management. METHODOLOGY: An integrative review was conducted using the search terms "Stroke," "symptoms," "FAST protocol," and "initial management" in the SCIELO and PubMed databases. Twenty-two articles were initially identified, of which 14 were selected as relevant for this study. RESULTS: Common symptoms of stroke include abrupt unilateral weakness, difficulty speaking, and visual loss. The FAST (Face, Arms, Speech, Time) protocol is an effective tool for initial screening, allowing the identification of signs of stroke such as facial asymmetry, weakness in one arm, difficulty speaking, and determining the time of onset of symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Diligent implementation of the FAST protocol in the initial management of stroke is crucial to optimize clinical outcomes. Continuous education of health professionals and public awareness are essential to promote early recognition of symptoms and prompt seeking of medical care.
Pharmacology of general anesthetic agents in cardiac surgery: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties
Authors: de Lacerda Dhiego Alves , Honorato Pedro Fechine , de Albuquerque José George Ferreira , de Araujo Luennia Kerlly Alves Rocha , Rocha Francisco Glauter Araujo , de Macêdo Maria Gabrielly Fernandes , de Freitas Neto Valentim Fragoso , Cavalcante Ayla Alves , Leite Ingrid Michelle de Moura , Celeste Heitor Estrela , Gomes Thays Costa
Published: September 2024

INTRODUCTION: General anesthetic agents play a crucial role in cardiac surgery, providing analgesia, amnesia, muscle relaxation and control of autonomic responses. The appropriate choice of these agents is essential to ensure hemodynamic stability and minimize perioperative risks. Understanding the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of general anesthetics is essential to optimize anesthetic management in patients undergoing cardiac procedures. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to review and synthesize the recent literature on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the main general anesthetic agents used in cardiac surgeries, aiming to provide a knowledge base for clinical practice. METHODOLOGY: An integrative review was performed using the search terms "general anesthetics", "cardiac surgery", "pharmacokinetics" and "pharmacodynamics" in the SCIELO and PubMed databases, focusing on studies published in the last five years in Brazil. Sixty articles were initially identified, of which 35 were selected for detailed analysis based on their relevance and contribution to the topic. RESULTS: The main general anesthetic agents used in cardiac surgery include propofol, sevoflurane, and midazolam. Propofol, an intravenous agent, is widely used due to its rapid induction and recovery, as well as its antiemetic effect. Pharmacodynamically, propofol acts as a positive modulator of GABA-A receptors, promoting sedation and amnesia. Pharmacokinetically, it has a short half-life and rapid elimination. Sevoflurane, an inhalational anesthetic, is preferred due to its rapid induction and low blood solubility, allowing rapid adjustment of anesthetic depth. Pharmacodynamically, it reduces systemic vascular resistance and maintains hemodynamic stability. Pharmacokinetically, sevoflurane is eliminated predominantly by the lungs, with minimal hepatic metabolism. Midazolam, a benzodiazepine used as an adjuvant, provides anxiolysis and preoperative sedation. Pharmacodynamically, midazolam acts on GABA-A receptors, similar to propofol, but with a longer action. Pharmacokinetically, it has an intermediate half-life and is metabolized by the liver. CONCLUSIONS: The choice of general anesthetic agents should consider the specific pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of each drug to ensure hemodynamic stability and patient safety during cardiac surgeries. Individualization of the anesthetic plan, based on the patient's clinical profile and the characteristics of the anesthetic agents, is crucial to optimize surgical outcomes.
Role of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEIs) in Heart Failure: Mechanism of Action and Benefits of ACEIs
Authors: de Lacerda Dhiego Alves , Honorato Pedro Fechine , Vale Renata Braga , de Araujo Luennia Kerlly Alves Rocha , Rocha Francisco Glauter Araujo , de Lucena Cícera Luciana Pereira , Barreto Ellen da Costa , de Moura Thiago Dias Quirino , Cavalcante Ayla Alves , de Freitas Neto Valentim Fragoso , Gomes Thays Costa
Published: September 2024

INTRODUCTION: Heart failure is a chronic condition characterized by the inability of the heart to pump blood effectively. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) are essential in the treatment of this condition, due to their vasodilatory, antihypertensive and cardioprotective effects. OBJECTIVE: This summary explores the mechanism of action of ACEIs and the benefits associated with their use in the management of heart failure, based on information from renowned academic sources. METHODOLOGY: A literature review was performed using works such as: Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, Katzung's Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, among others, to identify the mechanisms of action of ACEIs and clinical data that support their efficacy in heart failure. RESULTS: ACEIs act by inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor. Furthermore, they promote vasodilation and reduce sodium and water retention, improving cardiac function and reducing symptoms such as dyspnea and edema. CONCLUSIONS: ACE inhibitors represent a crucial intervention in the treatment of heart failure, offering significant benefits to patients' quality of life. A detailed understanding of their mechanism of action and clinical benefits is essential for contemporary medical practice.
Dual antiplatelet therapy in patients with acute coronary syndrome: Rationale and treatment regimens with aspirin and clopidogrel
Authors: de Lacerda Dhiego Alves , Honorato Pedro Fechine , Ferreira Maria Nanizia de Andrade , de Lucena Cícera Luciana Pereira , Teles Isabelle Rodrigues , de Mendonça Letícia Karen Pires , Pereira Ayrton Fernandes , Duarte Tais Targino de Oliveira Virginio , Duarte Tais Targino de Oliveira Virginio , de Freitas Neto Valentim Fragoso , Cavalcante Ayla Alves , de Oliveira José Olivandro Duarte
Published: September 2024

INTRODUCTION: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a serious medical condition characterized by an abrupt reduction in blood flow to the heart, usually due to thrombus formation in the coronary arteries. Effective treatment of ACS is essential to prevent complications such as myocardial infarction and sudden death. Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), which involves the combined use of aspirin and clopidogrel, has been shown to be an effective approach for the prevention of cardiovascular events in patients with ACS. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore the rationale and treatment regimens of DAPT in patients with ACS, using aspirin and clopidogrel, based on bibliographic references from renowned pharmacology textbooks. METHODOLOGY: A literature review was performed using the books "The Pharmacological Bases of Therapeutics by Goodman and Gilman" (Brunton et al., 2018), "Basic and Clinical Pharmacology" by Katzung and Vanderah (2017), "Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics" by Fuchs and Wannmacher (2015), among others. RESULTS: Aspirin, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, acts by irreversibly inhibiting cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), decreasing the production of thromboxane A2, a potent inducer of platelet aggregation. Clopidogrel, an ADP receptor (P2Y12) inhibitor, prevents ADP-mediated platelet activation and aggregation. The combination of aspirin and clopidogrel results in a more robust inhibition of platelet function than the isolated use of each drug, significantly reducing the risk of adverse cardiovascular events in patients with ACS. CONCLUSIONS: ADT with aspirin and clopidogrel is a well-established therapeutic strategy for patients with ACS, providing additional protection against recurrent thrombotic events. A detailed understanding of the mechanisms of action and clinical benefits of these drugs is essential to optimize treatment and improve clinical outcomes.
Atuação da Enfermagem na prevenção de lesões por pressão em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva
Authors: Dos Santos Danivia Maria , Zanon Adriane , Ritter Simone Konzen , Moreira Isadora dos Santos , Catalan Vanessa Menezes
Published: September 2024

Introduction: The prevention of pressure injuries in the Intensive Care Unit is essential to reduce patient complications and minimize the length of hospital stay. It is up to the nurse to evaluate, prescribe preventive care and train the nursing team. Objective: To investigate the role of the nursing team in the prevention of pressure injuries in patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit. Methods: This is an integrative literature review, with scientific articles available in full, published in Brazil, in the last five years, in the BDENF, LILACS and SCIELO databases. Results: A total of 71 scientific articles were found, of which 11 articles were included. The nurse's work encompasses the following nursing care to prevent pressure injuries: physical examination of the patient's skin, use of risk prediction scales, changes in decubitus and support of bone prominences. The findings show that the nursing team's knowledge about the prevention of pressure injuries is insufficient, and the nurse has the role of keeping the team trained. Final Considerations: It is necessary to have permanent education of nursing team professionals, which is strategic for the prevention of pressure injuries in the Intensive Care Unit.
Hanok: Architectural and Cultural Aspects of the Korean Traditional House
Authors: Donoso Maria Daniela
Published: September 2024

This article seeks to approach Korean culture through the description and critical analysis of the house in hanok architecture, in addition to highlighting its technical-constructive and cultural aspects. Hanok is the term used to refer to buildings in the traditional Korean style. These had their main features crucially developed during the Joseon Dynasty (1392 -1897). Then, a critical analysis of the residential design typologies that make up this culture is developed. From these reflections, the repercussions of these architectural traditions and their contributions to the present day of this culture are also analyzed.
Pigmentações dentárias extrínsecas negras em paciente oncológicos infantis: Etiologia, prevalência e modalidades de tratamento. Uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Vasconcelos Rafaela Brito , Vasconcelos Gabriela Brito , Lima Emylly Evyn Oliveira da Silva Matos , Silva Giovanna de Lima , da Silva Luiz Antônio Evangelista , Colares Viviane
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Revisar a literatura sobre pigmentações dentárias extrínsecas negras em pacientes oncológicos pediátricos, no que se refere a sua etiologia, prevalência e modalidades de tratamento. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, o qual foi realizada através da leitura de artigos, resumos e relatos de caso em português, inglês e espanhol disponíveis nas bases de dados Scielo, Pubmed, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Acervo+ Index base e LILACS. Os descritores utilizados na busca, para o idioma português foram “Descoloração de dente” “Oncologia” e “Criança”, e suas respectivas traduções para o idioma inglês e espanhol. Resultados: As manchas extrínsecas nos dentes podem ser causadas por substâncias cromógenas, bactérias como Porphyromonas gingivalis e Prevotella spp., e medicamentos com ferro. Essas manchas variam de marrom a preto, e a sua relação com a cárie dentária é controversa. Pacientes oncológicos pediátricos frequentemente apresentam alterações dentárias devido à quimioterapia, como descoloração e hipoplasia do esmalte. Esses efeitos impactam a autoestima e a socialização das crianças, necessitando de tratamento especializado. O manejo das manchas inclui remoção para evitar irritações, com tratamentos como profilaxia e raspagem dental. Conclusão: São necessários mais estudos sobre essas alterações pigmentares, especialmente em relação à sua etiologia. Além disso, é crucial aumentar a conscientização entre os cirurgiões-dentistas sobre a distinção entre manchas causadas por bactérias cromogênicas e outras que afetam a cavidade bucal. Finalmente, a questão é relevante, pois tem um impacto significativo na estética infantil.
Survey of insects with yellow adhesive traps in environments of the Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro
Authors: Pelli Afonso , Waki Arthur Kenji , Tristão Caio Luigi Antunes Moura , Travaini Débora Dibbern , Silva Gabriel Paiva , Manuel Gabriel Ribeiro , Magalhães Maria Fernanda Machado , Leal Mariana Luiza , Bianculli Victória
Published: September 2024

To evaluate the entomological biodiversity of some sites at the Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, in Uberaba-MG, a study was carried out with traps arranged in three environments. The objective of this study was to verify both the quantity and the biodiversity of insect species. After the analysis of the material, a high species richness was observed in a room lit with natural and artificial light, with open windows and daily movement of people in the environment. In a room lit with natural and artificial light, with closed windows and daily movement of people, only one specimen of Coleoptera was collected. In a room lit only with artificial light, with closed windows, no movement of people and strict sanitary control, no specimen was sampled. This is a place focused on the area of clinical analysis. It was found that the institution had partial success in the evaluated areas, especially about the cleanliness of the Laboratory.
Crisis management: A priority on the school board's agenda
Authors: de Carvalho Aline dos Santos Moreira , Perozini Vanir Carvalho , Pazetto Flavia Maria , de Mesquita Thaís Barros , dos Santos Ednai Bispo , Barone Elder da Silva , Melanias Paulo Raphael Pereira , Monteiro Ytalo Cristiam Barbosa , Silva Diego de Almeida , Borges Libânia Maria Pinheiro , Fraga Priscila da Silva
Published: September 2024

This article addresses the importance of crisis management in educational institutions, highlighting it as a crucial priority on the agenda of school management. Throughout the study, practices and strategies for preparedness, response, and recovery in the face of adverse situations, such as natural disasters, incidents of violence, and pandemics, are explored. The analysis underscores the relevance of effective communication, competent leadership, and emotional support in building the resilience of the school community. The overall objective of this work is to critically examine crisis management approaches and provide recommendations for the implementation of effective plans that ensure the safety, educational continuity, and well-being of students and staff. By integrating these practices into the school board's agenda, institutions will be better prepared to face unforeseen challenges, strengthening their responsiveness and adaptability in the face of emerging crises. This study highlights the need for a proactive and integrated approach to crisis management, which includes staff training, transparent communication, empowered leadership, and emotional support. By adopting preventive measures and long-term strategies, schools can build a culture of preparedness and resilience that benefits the entire school community. Thus, investment in crisis management not only protects the lives and well-being of those involved, but also strengthens the foundations for quality and sustainable education in an ever-changing world.
Prevention and control of infections in the hospital environment: Occupational health and safety
Authors: da Silva Maria Luiza Ferreira Imburana , de Farias Shirlley Jackllanny Martins , dos Santos Isadora Sabrina Ferreira , Silva Maria Graziele Gonçalves , de Oliveira Emília Carolle Azevedo
Published: September 2024

Introduction: The correct performance and expanded knowledge of health professionals are essential due to the high incidence and complications of nosocomial infections, which can delay the patient's recovery and increase the risk of nosocomial infection. This problem is one of the great challenges of public health in Brazil and must be managed competently to ensure patient safety and care in health units. Objective: This study aims to disseminate knowledge and encourage the correct practice of hand hygiene, the proper use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and hospital cleaning, reflecting on health and safety at work in the prevention and control of infections in the hospital environment. Methodology: This is a bibliographic review, of a narrative, exploratory and descriptive nature, based on scientific articles indexed in Google Scholar and in the Virtual Health Library (VHL) platform, using the PubMed and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) databases. Conclusion: Nosocomial infection represents a major challenge for public health, exposing patients to possible infections caused by bacteria and microorganisms, sometimes acquired due to the patient's own low immunity and resistance or due to failures in infection control processes and biosafety measures.