bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of metabolic traits, lifestyle factors, and pharmacological interventions on liver fat: mendelian randomisation study
Authors: Yuan Shuai , Chen Jie , Vujkovic Marijana , Chang Kyong-Mi , Li Xue , Larsson Susanna C , Gill Dipender
Published: December 2022

Objective

To investigate the effects of metabolic traits, lifestyle factors, and drug interventions on liver fat using the mendelian randomisation paradigm.

Design

Mendelian randomisation study.

Setting

Publicly available summary level data from genome-wide association studies.

Participants

Genome-wide association studies of 32 974 to 1 407 282 individuals who were predominantly of European descent.

Exposures

Genetic variants predicting nine metabolic traits, six lifestyle factors, four lipid lowering drug targets, three antihypertensive drug targets, and genetic association estimates formagnetic resonance imaging measured liver fat.

Main outcome measures

Mendelian randomisation analysis was used to investigate the effects of these exposures on liver fat, incorporating sensitivity analyses that relaxed the requisite modelling assumptions.

Results

Genetically predicted liability to obesity, type 2 diabetes, elevated blood pressure, elevated triglyceride levels, cigarette smoking, and sedentary time watching television were associated with higher levels of liver fat. Genetically predicted lipid lowering drug effects were not associated with liver fat; however, β blocker and calcium channel blocker antihypertensive drug effects were associated with lower levels of liver fat.

Conclusion

These analyses provide evidence of a causal effect of various metabolic traits, lifestyle factors, and drug targets on liver fat. The findings complement existing epidemiological associations, further provide mechanistic insight, and potentially supports a role for drug interventions in reducing the burden of hepatic steatosis and related disease. Further clinical study is now warranted to investigate the relevance of these genetic analyses for patient care.
Macrophage GSK3β-deficiency inhibits the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma and enhances the sensitivity of anti-PD1 immunotherapy
Authors: Sun Guangshun , Liu Hanyuan , Zhao Jie , Zhang Jinyu , Huang Tian , Sun Guoqiang , Zhao Siqi , Zhang Zihao , Cao Hengsong , Rong Dawei , Kong Xiangyi , Ji Qinghua , Liu Li , Wang Xuehao , Tang Weiwei , Xia Yongxiang
Published: December 2022

Background

Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) was originally discovered to regulate glycogen synthesis and show a relationship to tumors. However, the biological functions of GSK3β in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear.

Methods

The enrichment of GSK3β in tumor tissues was assessed by Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The in vitro and in vivo assays assisted in evaluating how GSK3β in TAMs affected HCC in terms of proliferation, invasion and migration. Immunofluorescence was used to assess GSK3β expression in TAMs in the anti-PD1 therapy non-responsive HCC group and the responsive group. Western blot and coimmunoprecipitation were performed to demonstrate the interaction between GSK3β and PD-L1. We carried out in vivo experiments in a C57BL/6 mouse model of HCC established through subcutaneous injection.

Results

GEO single-cell RNA sequencing data suggested that GSK3β was highly enriched in TAMs of HCC. According to in vitro and in vivo experiments, reducing GSK3β in TAMs inhibits the cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. The immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry results confirmed that the GSK3β is significantly upregulated in TAMs of the anti-PD1 therapy non-responsive group in comparison with the responsive group. In vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed that reduced GSK3β in TAMs are capable of enhancing the sensitivity of anti-PD1 immunotherapy for HCC by decreasing PD-L1 ubiquitination. Mass spectrometry results suggested that high expression of CD14+GSK3β+in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) can predict non-responsive to anti-PD1 treatment. Moreover, escitalopram is confirmed to act as GSK3β inhibitor that can increase the sensitivity of anti-PD1 immunotherapy for HCC.

Conclusions

This study revealed that macrophage GSK3β deficiency can inhibit the development of HCC by inhibiting the M2 phenotype and enhance the sensitivity of anti-PD1 immunotherapy for HCC by decreasing PD-L1 ubiquitination. The expression of CD14+GSK3β+in PBMC can noninvasively predict anti-PD1 sensitivity in HCC patients, which provides novel strategies to predict anti-PD1 sensitivity, increase anti-PD1 therapeutic effect, and bring new hope for HCC patients.
Systemic cellular viroimmunotherapy for canine high-grade gliomas
Authors: Cloquell Ana , Mateo Isidro , Gambera Stefano , Pumarola Martí , Alemany Ramon , García-Castro Javier , Perisé-Barrios Ana Judith
Published: December 2022

Background

Oncolytic viruses constitute a growing field of interest, both in human and veterinary oncology, given that they are particularly helpful for treating non-surgical tumors and disseminated cancer, such as high-grade gliomas. Companion dogs present malignant gliomas with biological, genetic, phenotypic, immunological, and clinical similarities to human gliomas. These features favor comparative approaches, leading to the treatment of canine oncological patients to achieve translational applications to the human clinic. The systemic administration of oncolytic viruses presents a challenge due to their limitations in effectively targeting tumors and metastases. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the safety and antitumor activity of a virotherapy used in spontaneous canine tumors.

Methods

Ten dogs with high-grade rostrotentorial gliomas underwent weekly systemic endovenous cellular virotherapy with dCelyvir (canine mesenchymal stem cells infected with the canine oncolytic adenovirus ICOCAV17) for 8 weeks. Efficacy was determined in seven dogs according to the Response Assessment in Veterinary Neuro-Oncology criteria considering clinical status and MRI measurements. Medical history, physical and neurological examinations, and vaccination status were evaluated prior to and during follow-up. Safety was evaluated by physical examinations and hematological and biochemical changes in peripheral blood. Immune populations were analyzed by flow cytometry in peripheral blood and by gene expression and immunohistochemistry in the tumor microenvironment.

Results

The treatment was well tolerated and major adverse effects were not observed. Two dogs had partial responses (76% and 86% reduction in tumor size), and 3/7 showed stable disease. ICOCAV17 was detected in peripheral blood in nine dogs, and a correlation between the ICOCAV17 particles and anti-canine adenovirus (CAV) antibodies was observed. ICOCAV17 was detected in 3/9 tumor tissues after necropsies. Regarding tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, the dogs with disease stabilization and partial response tended to have reduced memory B-cell infiltration and increased monocyte/macrophage lineage cells.

Conclusions

These findings indicate that dCelyvir is safe and presents efficacy in canine rostrotentorial high-grade gliomas. These data are relevant to the ongoing phase Ib regulated human clinical trial that is administering this virotherapy to children, adolescents, and young adults with diffuse pontine glioma. Celyvir should be further explored as a treatment in veterinary and human neuro-oncology.
Shortcuts to Edge-of-Chaos Domains of Memristive Circuits and Historic Measurement of Contiguous Triple-Branch V – I Curve of Chua Corsage Memristor
Authors: Jin Peipei , Liang Yan , Wang Guangyi , Chen Long , Iu Herbert Ho-Ching , Chua Leon O.
Published: December 2022

Locally-active memristors blessed with an edge-of-chaos domain, which can be destabilized for generating action potentials, are natural candidates for emulating biological neurons. Pinpointing the edge-of-chaos domain, where neuromorphic behaviors may occur, is important for studying neuromorphic dynamics of memristors. This paper proposes a short-cut method for locating the edge-of-chaos domains in two kinds of generic memristors, and in several typical memristive 1-port circuits using only the Jacobian matrix in terms of their equations. Taking the Chua Corsage Memristor (CCM) and several CCM-based memristive 1-port circuits as examples, we verify the proposed new methods, and calculates their edge-of-chaos domains. Also, we carry out a complete classification of all the parameter regions of the CCM and several CCM-based memristive 1-port circuits, namely the locally-passive, locally-active but unstable, and edge-of-chaos domains, under both voltage and frequency control. Near the calculated edge-of-chaos domain, we uncover some new neuromorphic behaviors.

To confirm the physical interpretations and predictions of the edge-of-chaos theorem, this paper presents an inexpensive electronic circuit realization of the complete set of equations defining the CCM using only off-the-shelf circuit components. When this poor-man’s memristor is connected to various linear passive R, L, C circuits, and a battery, the resulting circuit can be tuned to generate action potentials, and a garden variety of neuromorphic phenomena, including chaos.

But the highlight of this paper is reserved for the CCM itself where the world’s first oscilloscope picture of a contiguous self-intersecting triple-branch DC V–I curve of the CCM is displayed in real time.
Economic Proof-Testing Intervals for E/E/Pe Safety-Related System with Harmful Risk
Authors: Inoue Shinji , Maki Kousuke , Fujiwara Takaji , Yamada Shigeru
Published: December 2022

E/E/PE safety-related systems play an important role in ensuring the functional safety especially for the safety-critical systems. In fact, the E/E/PE safety-related systems are widely implemented in several types of systems, such as automotive and chemical plant control systems, for the safe operation of them. In the operation of the systems, proof-testing, which is known as scheduled periodic inspections or maintenance activities, is conducted for maintaining certain level of safety integrity required to the E/E/PE safety-related system. However, the proof-testing needs a lot of time and cost for checking and proofing whether the safety-related system satisfies the safety requirement in operation. We discuss economic strategies for supporting design of proof-testing interval by focusing on the trade-off relationship between the maintenance cost and the risk at harmful event occurrence.
INVESTIGATION OF CHIP MORPHOLOGY ON TURNING OF MONEL UNDER NANOGRAPHENE AND NANO CuO COOLANTS
Authors: ARUL K. , SENTHILKUMAR V. S.
Published: December 2022

This paper deals with experimental investigation on chip formation of machining of Monel K500 and its characteristics are studied. Two different nanocutting fluids namely nanoCuO and nanographenes are used for turning operation and the performance of the two cutting fluids is evaluated and the corresponding responses are recorded for the selection of better cutting fluid. This experiment is carried out with the help of SEM which picturizes the microstructure and surface distribution of the chips. The various output responses like chip thickness, chip compression ratio, and surface roughness are portrayed. The desirable effects on the properties of the machined material obtained by the variation of process parameters like cutting speed, cutting depth, and feed rate are analyzed. Results show that the thickness of chips (corresponding metal removal rate) is reduced considerably by 10–15% and the surface roughness is reduced by 20–30% when nanographene cutting fluids are used.
Revisited aspects of the local set in CHSH Bell scenario
Authors: Gigena Nicolás , Scala Giovanni , Mandarino Antonio
Published: December 2022

The Bell inequalities stand at the cornerstone of the developments of quantum theory on both the foundational and applied side. The discussion started as a way to test whether the quantum description of reality is complete or not, but it developed in such a way that a new research area stemmed from it, namely quantum information. Far from being and exhausted topic, in this paper, we present a constructive and geometrically intuitive description of the local polytope and its facets in a bipartite Bell scenario with two dichotomic measurements per party.
Fault Tolerant Control Based on Thau Observer of a Reconfigurable Quadrotor with Total Loss of Actuator
Authors: Salmi Abdenour , Guiatni Mohamed , Bouzid Yasser , Derrouaoui Saddam Hocine , Boudjema Farés
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we propose a Fault Tolerant Control (FTC) strategy for a reconfigurable quadrotor with foldable arms, to deal with a total loss of one of its rotors. The proposed strategy allows adapting the configuration of the quadrotor when one of its rotors is lost. It consists of: (i) a Fault Detection and Isolation (FDI) module, (ii) a robust controller, and (iii) a reconfiguration module. The FDI module is designed based on the nonlinear Thau observer in order to detect and identify the rotors faults. Once a rotor fault is detected based on the residual analysis, the quadrotor changes its shape by rotating the two adjacent arms in the direction of damaged one in order to form a trirotor configuration. This transformation induces a variation of vehicle’s center of gravity (CoG), inertia, and consequently the control matrix. To deal with this issue, a sliding mode controller (SMC) is designed based on the control allocation matrix, where the control efforts are redistributed among healthy actuators. Numerical simulations are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The obtained results show that the proposed strategy is successful in controlling the damaged quadrotor by trajectory tracking.
The Many Faces of Resilience
Authors: Lewis Ted G.
Published: December 2022

A review of network science and complexity theory as they apply to the ability of systems to resist stress and recover from faults.
From Quantum Computing to Quantum Communications
Authors: Cusumano Michael A.
Published: December 2022

Attempting to disentangle mechanical principles.
Nitrogen and Oxygen Dual-doped Porous Carbon from Nature Macromolecular Chitosan for Fast and Stable Zinc-ion Hybrid Supercapacitors
Authors: Yang Xiaoman , Huang Peng , Zhao Peng , Xie Shilei , Xie Dong , Wang Shoushan , Cheng Faliang
Published: December 2022

Zinc ion hybrid capacitors (ZIHCs) with carbon-based material cathodes have shown considerable potential in many energy-related applications since they have the advantages of supercapacitors and batteries. However, these carbon-based materials still suffer from the limitations of low energy density and poor cycle stability as cathodes in ZIHCs because of their low surface areas and unsatisfied chemical structures. Herein, nitrogen and oxygen dual-doped porous carbon materials were prepared in situ by using the precursors of nature macromolecular chitosan with abundant amino and hydroxyl groups. Due to the developed mesopores, solid structures, and fast redox response from the dual-doped N and O heteroatoms, the prepared ZIHCs based on these novel carbon materials show high specific capacity of 100 mAh g−1, outstanding energy density of 172.24 Wh kg−1 and good stability over 20,000 cycles at large charging/discharging current density of 5 A g−1. These findings will contribute greatly to the development of environmentally friendly Zn-based energy devices.
Neonatal hyperoxia induces activated pulmonary cellular states and sex-dependent transcriptomic changes in a model of experimental bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Authors: Xia Sheng , Vila Ellis Lisandra , Winkley Konner , Menden Heather , Mabry Sherry M. , Venkatraman Aparna , Louiselle Daniel , Gibson Margaret , Grundberg Elin , Chen Jichao , Sampath Venkatesh
Published: December 2022

Hyperoxia disrupts lung development in mice and causes bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in neonates. To investigate sex-dependent molecular and cellular programming involved in hyperoxia, we surveyed the mouse lung using single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), and validated our findings in human neonatal lung cells in vitro. Hyperoxia-induced inflammation in alveolar type (AT) 2 cells gave rise to damage-associated transient progenitors (DATPs). It also induced a new subpopulation of AT1 cells with reduced expression of growth factors normally secreted by AT1 cells, but increased mitochondrial gene expression. Female alveolar epithelial cells had less EMT and pulmonary fibrosis signaling in hyperoxia. In the endothelium, expansion of Car4+ EC (Cap2) was seen in hyperoxia along with an emergent subpopulation of Cap2 with repressed VEGF signaling. This regenerative response was increased in females exposed to hyperoxia. Mesenchymal cells had inflammatory signatures in hyperoxia, with a new distal interstitial fibroblast subcluster characterized by repressed lipid biosynthesis and a transcriptomic signature resembling myofibroblasts. Hyperoxia-induced gene expression signatures in human neonatal fibroblasts and alveolar epithelial cells in vitro resembled mouse scRNA-seq data. These findings suggest that neonatal exposure to hyperoxia programs distinct sex-specific stem cell progenitor and cellular reparative responses that underpin lung remodeling in BPD.
Enzyme Inhibitory Activities of Extracts and Carpachromene from the Stem of Ficus benghalensis
Authors: Rauf Abdur , Ibrahim Muhammad , Muhammad Naveed , Naz Saima , Wadood Abdul , Khan Bilal , Ali Toseef , Saleem Muhammad , Alsahammari Abdulrahman , Alharbi Metab , Suleria Hafiz Ansar Rasul
Published: December 2022

Ficus benghalensis is one of the potential medicinal plants which is used locally for the treatment of various ailments such as diabetes, antiasthmatic, and wound healing. To provide a scientific background to these folklores, the current study was designed to evaluate the extract and isolated compound against various enzymes such as ureases, tyrosinase, and phosphodiesterase. The methanolic extract and carpachromene demonstrated a significant urease inhibition effect with maximum percent inhibition of 72.09 and 92.87%, respectively. Regarding the tyrosinase inhibition, the percent antagonist effect of carpachromene and the methanolic extract was 84.80 and 70.98%, respectively. The phosphodiesterase was also significantly antagonized by crude extract and carpachromene with a maximum percent inhibition of 82.98% and 89.54%, respectively. The docking study demonstrated that the carpachromene fits well into the active site of all three enzymes with significant interactions. Carpachromene might possess the potential to inhibit all three enzymes and can effectively treat different diseases associated with the hyperactivity of these enzymes. In conclusion, the crude extract and carpachromene exhibit significant urease, tyrosinase, and phosphodiesterase inhibitory activity which might be used against various diseases. In conclusion, the crude extract and carpachromene exhibit significant urease, tyrosinase, and phosphodiesterase inhibitory activity which might be used against diabetes and bronchoconstriction. Further, the current study provides scientific backup to the folklore (antidiabetic and antiasthmatic) of Ficus benghalensis.
Compressed Sensing Photoacoustic Imaging Reconstruction Using Elastic Net Approach
Authors: Liu Xueyan , Dai Shuo , Wang Mengyu , Zhang Yining
Published: December 2022

Photoacoustic imaging involves reconstructing an estimation of the absorbed energy density distribution from measured ultrasound data. The reconstruction task based on incomplete and noisy experimental data is usually an ill-posed problem that requires regularization to obtain meaningful solutions. The purpose of the work is to propose an elastic network (EN) model to improve the quality of reconstructed photoacoustic images. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, a series of numerical simulations and tissue-mimicking phantom experiments are performed. The experiment results indicate that, compared with the [Formula: see text]-norm and [Formula: see text]-normbased regularization methods with different numerical phantoms, Gaussian noise of 10-50 dB, and different regularization parameters, the EN method with [Formula: see text] has better image quality, calculation speed, and antinoise ability.
Identification and Analysis of Plastic Microparticles in the Inlet and Outlet of the Wastewater Treatment Plant and Investigation of the Relationship between Different Seasons of the Year with the Amount of Production and Emission of Particles
Authors: Darvishi Gholamreza , Ehteshami Majid , Mehrdadi Naser , Abedini Reza
Published: December 2022

Microplastics are found in various environments with the increasing use of plastics worldwide. These particles can cause serious injuries. These damages not only affect water, soil, and air but also can cause irreversible problems for human beings and other living creatures. According to this, sampling, separation, detection, and characterization of microplastics (MPs) dispersed in water and wastewater bodies are a challenging and critical issue for a better understanding of the hazards for the environment posed by such nearly ubiquitous and still largely unknown form of pollution. Plastics can exist in different forms in nature, among which microplastics are extremely harmful. Importantly, conventional wastewater treatment plants cannot remove microplastics and drain them into the aquatic and terrestrial accepting environments, which in turn can endanger living creatures. Therefore, the studies oriented to their detection and extraction are of great importance. In the present study, an optimized method is introduced to efficiently detect and extract microplastics from the input effluent and output waste streams of the wastewater treatment plants. First, the seasonal sampling was performed in three seasons: spring, summer, and autumn, to determine the season with the most microplastic production. Then, the acid washing using the 30% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and 0.05 M divalent iron was performed on the prepared samples. Also, since this method is based on creating density gradient, the sodium iodide (NaI) salt was used. Notably, the performance of the studied wastewater treatment plant in terms of the microplastic removal efficiency was also evaluated using this method. Accordingly, the wastewater treatment plant was able to remove microplastics by 94–96%, which means that about 5% of the residual microplastics are drained into the aquatic and terrestrial environments. Moreover, it was revealed that microfibers have a lower percentage of removal in wastewater treatment process than microparticles. The result of the method used has shown that more than 95% of the particles can be detected.
Association between Carbonic Anhydrase VI Gene Copy Number Variations and Dental Caries Experience
Authors: Al-Mahdi Rania , Stangvaltaite-Mouhat Lina , Aleksejuniene Jolanta , Stankeviciene Indre , Tommeras Berit , Puriene Alina , Al-Haroni Mohammed
Published: December 2022

The current study examined the association between the carbonic anhydrase VI (CA VI) copy number variations (CNVs) and dental caries experience in adults. In total, 202 of 35–72 years old subjects participating in the Lithuanian National Oral Health Survey (LNOHS) agreed to provide saliva samples; thus, their data were included in the current study. Information about sociodemographic, environmental, and behavioural determinants was acquired via the self-administered World Health Organization (WHO) questionnaire. Fluoride levels in the drinking water were recorded based on information provided by water suppliers. Dental caries experience was recorded by one calibrated examiner using the WHO criteria for recording caries on smooth (including proximal, buccal, and oral) or occlusal surfaces. Caries experience was measured as the total number of decayed (D3), missing (M), filled (F) surfaces. DNA was extracted from saliva samples to examine CA VI CNVs using the QX200 Droplet Digital PCR system. Negative binomial regression and Poisson regression analyses were employed for data analyses. Based on multivariable regression analyses, higher copy number of CA VI were associated with higher caries experience on smooth surfaces (IRR 1.04, 95% CI: 1.005–1.08) and occlusal surfaces (IRR 1.02, 95% CI: 1.003–1.04). Positive associations between higher copy number of CA VI and higher caries experience on smooth and occlusal surfaces were found, suggesting that the CA VI coding gene may be associated with caries development. Future studies are needed to validate our results and to examine the underlying mechanisms of such associations.
Positive Predictive Value of Diagnosis Codes for Hidradenitis Suppurativa and Cutaneous Abscess
Authors: Smiley Catherine , Strunk Andrew , Butt Melissa , Kirby Joslyn , Garg Amit
Published: December 2022

Background: Requisite to the application of clinical databases for observational research in hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is the identification of an accurate case cohort. There is limited information on the validity of using diagnosis codes to identify HS and cutaneous abscess (CA) case cohorts. Objectives: The objective of the study was to assess the validity in utilizing diagnosis codes to establish the HS and CA cohorts from an integrated health system clinical database. Methods: In this retrospective study, we evaluated a case-finding algorithm for HS which included the presence of at least one diagnosis code for HS and no diagnosis codes for CA of the axilla, groin, perineum, or buttock at any time. We evaluated a case-finding algorithm for CA which included the presence of at least one diagnosis code for abscess in the axilla, groin, perineum, or buttock and no codes for HS at any time. Medical records for a random sample of 100 patients meeting algorithm criteria were reviewed and adjudicated by dermatologists for accuracy of diagnosis. The positive predictive values (PPVs) of the ICD code-based case definitions were calculated, using the dermatologist’s chart-based adjudication as the reference standard. Results: Among 100 HS patients, median age (interquartile range) in the HS cohort was 33 (24.75, 43.25) years. HS patients were predominantly female (82%) and white (70%). Median age among 100 CA patients was 31.5 (95% CI 6.75, 47.25) years. The majority of CA patients were female (56%) and white (69%). The PPVs of the ICD-based case-finding algorithms for HS and CA were 88% (95% CI 81.6–94.4%) and 75.0% (95% CI 66.5–83.5%), respectively. Conclusion: The case-finding algorithms employing at least one diagnosis code for HS and CA of the axilla, groin, perineum, or buttock, with the exclusion of the other’s diagnosis codes, has good to strong PPV and may provide balance in achieving accuracy and adequate power for cohorts identified within clinical databases.
Proficient matrix codes for error detection and correctionin 8-port network on chip routers
Authors: Koppala Neelima , Ashok Kumar Nagarajan , Satyam Satyam , Vikram Teja Neeruganti
Published: December 2022

This paper verifies the applicability of the proposed code to dynamic Network on Chips that have variable faulty blocks with runtime suggesting an online error detection mechanism with adaptive routing algorithm that bypasses faulty components dynamically and the router architecture uses additional diagonal state indications for the reliable network on chip (NoC) operation. In NoC, the permanently faulty routers are disconnected to enable high runtime throughput as data packets are not lost due to self-loopback mechanism. The proposed proficient matrix codes use the capabilities of decimal matrix code technique with minimum check bits for maximum error correction capability. The proposed code is compared with existing codes such as decimal matrix codes, modified decimal matrix codes and parity matrix codes. The codes are developed in verilog hardware description language and simulated in the Xilinx ISE 14.5 tool. This proficient matrix code proves to be efficient for multiple adjacent error detection and correction with trade off in delay. Also 65% code rate is achieved with 22.73% less redundant bits that occupy less area by atleast 11.78%. The codes when used for increased data sizes like 8, 16, 32, and 64 bits, the power delay product decreased by atleast 1.74%.
Performance analysis of frequent pattern mining algorithm on different real-life dataset
Authors: Khajuria Rakshit , Sharma Anuj , Sharma Sunny , Sharma Ashok , Narayan Baliya Jyoti , Singh Parveen
Published: December 2022

The efficient finding of common patterns: a group of items that appear frequently in a dataset is a critical task in data mining, especially in transaction datasets. The goal of this paper is to look into the efficiency of various algorithms for frequent pattern mining in terms of computing time and memory consumption, as well as the problem of how to apply the algorithms to different datasets. In this paper, the algorithms investigated for mining the frequent patterns are; Pre-post, Pre-post+, FIN, H-mine, R-Elim, and estDec+ algorithms. These algorithms have been implemented and tested on four real-life datasets that are: The retail dataset, the Accidents dataset, the Chess dataset, and the Mushrooms dataset. From the results, it has been observed that, for the Retail dataset, estDec+ algorithm is the fastest among all algorithms in terms of run time as well as consumes less memory for its execution. Pre-post+ algorithm performs better than all other algorithms in terms of run time and maximum memory for the Mushrooms dataset. Pre-Post outperforms other algorithms in terms of performance. And for Accident datasets, in terms of execution time and memory consumption, the FIN method outperforms other algorithms.
Distributed localization using normalized quad lateration in LoRa networks: application for tourist position estimation
Authors: Musayyanah Musayyanah , Kristalina Prima , Triwidyastuti Yosefine , Susanto Pauladie , Zen Samsono Hadi Mochammad
Published: December 2022

The tourism sector has been growing rapidly along with the decline of COVID-19. This sector should pay attention to safety and security, which is by tracking the position of tourists. In this work, we propose a tourist positioning tracking system. A node containing a microcontroller with LoRa wireless communication called unknown node (UN) is assembled as a wearable device. We use the received signal strength indicator (RSSI)-based localization technique with an additional normalization method to correct the error rate in position estimation. This method estimates the distance between the anchor node (AN) and UN to approximate the actual distance value. Three-dimensional position tracking (longitude, latitude, altitude) of five UN surrounded by four AN was performed using the quadlateration method. The estimation process was carried out by the UN whereas receiving information is transmitted from the four AN. The communication between AN and UN used a scheduling algorithm on all AN. The position estimation error of the five UNs was measured using mean square error (MSE) yields 20.73 m, 50.32 m, 32.92 m, 21.40 m, and 16.89 m respectively. The accuracy of the estimated distance obtained by the proposed normalization quadlateration method is increased up to 15.22%.
Liver fibrosis processing, multiclassification, and diagnosis based on hybrid machine learning approaches
Authors: Sattar Jabbar Zainab , Qusai Al-Neami Auns , A. Khawwam Ahmed , Munther Salih Sufian
Published: December 2022

The cirrhosis and cirrhosis-related problems are connected to the degree of fibrosis in the liver. The purpose of this paper is to propose an automated method for identifying liver fibrosis using ultrasound shear wave elastography (700) images that is based on a hybrid machine learning approach using a convolutional neural network (CNN) with two types of classifier (SoftMax and support vector machine (SVM)). The dataset gathered from hospitals is used in the training and testing phases of the model. The objective is to develop a hybrid machine learning model that can classify images based on their stage of fibrosis. The suggested system comprises three stages. The first is the preprocessing step, which starts with countor detection and continues with the "contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE)" technique to show the properties of liver tissue. In the second step, the CNN algorithm was utilized, which was based on several images to extract deep features and identify shear wave elastography (SWE) samples. In the third step, SVM and SoftMax functions are used to classify liver fibrosis. A five-class model (normal, F1, F2, F3, and F4) was developed. The result illustrates how successfully the CNN-SoftMax and CNN-SVM classifiers classified liver fibrosis in the test dataset, with 97.18% and 98.59% accuracy, respectively.
Complex networks analysis: centrality measures
Authors: Saber Ali Ali , Hamid Noor Kaylan
Published: December 2022

The centrality of an edge in a graph is proposed to be the degree of sensitivity of a graph distance function to the weight of the edge under consideration. Many centrality metrics are available in network analysis and are effectively used in the investigation of social network properties. Node position is one of them. In this paper, we propose a novel importance of nodes showing how to locate the most essential nodes in a network and to construct a centrality measure for each node in the network, sort the nodes by centralities, and focus on the top ranked nodes, which are the most relevant in terms of this centrality measure. Our research aims to explain how to identify the most important nodes in networks. A centrality metric should be established for each node in the network, and then the nodes based on their centralities, focusing on the top-ranked nodes, which in light of this importance, might be regarded as the most pertinent measure.
An evolutionary- convolutional neural network for fake image detection
Authors: Jasim Retaj Matroud , Atia Tayseer Salman
Published: December 2022

The fast development in deep learning techniques, besides the wide spread of social networks, facilitated fabricating and distributing images and videos without prior knowledge. This paper developed an evolutionary learning algorithm to automatically design a convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture for deepfake detection. Genetic algorithm (GA) based on residual network (ResNet) and densely connected convolutional network (DenseNet) as building block units for feature extraction versus multilayer perceptron (MLP), random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM) as classifiers generates different CNN structures. A local search mutation operation proposed to optimize three layers: (batch normlization, activation function, and regularizes). This method has the advantage of working on different datasets without preprocessing. Findings using two datasets evidence the efficiency of the suggested approach where the generated models outperform the state-of-art by increasing 1% in the accuracy; this confirms that intuitive design is the new direction for better generalization.
Text prediction recurrent neural networks using long short-term memory-dropout
Authors: Iparraguirre-Villanueva Orlando , Guevara-Ponce Victor , Ruiz-Alvarado Daniel , Beltozar-Clemente Saul , Sierra-Liñan Fernando , Zapata-Paulini Joselyn , Cabanillas-Carbonell Michael
Published: December 2022

Unit short-term memory (LSTM) is a type of recurrent neural network (RNN) whose sequence-based models are being used in text generation and/or prediction tasks, question answering, and classification systems due to their ability to learn long-term dependencies. The present research integrates the LSTM network and dropout technique to generate a text from a corpus as input, a model is developed to find the best way to extract the words from the context. For training the model, the poem "La Ciudad y los perros" which is composed of 128,600 words is used as input data. The poem was divided into two data sets, 38.88% for training and the remaining 61.12% for testing the model. The proposed model was tested in two variants: word importance and context. The results were evaluated in terms of the semantic proximity of the generated text to the given context.
Hespanha e uma crítica do liberalismo português
Authors: Wehling Arno
Published: December 2022

A proposta deste estudo, que se constitui antes de mais numa homenagem ao grande historiador que foi António Manuel Hespanha, é a de situar algumas de suas contribuições para o conhecimento do liberalismo em Portugal. A análise dessas contribuições permite não apenas levantar questões nessa temática, como estendê-las à problemática geral do liberalismo e a aspectos do próprio conhecimento histórico.
Early Outcomes of Heart Transplantation Using Donation After Circulatory Death Donors in the United States
Authors: Kwon Jennie H. , Ghannam Alexander D. , Shorbaji Khaled , Welch Brett , Hashmi Z.A. , Tedford Ryan J. , Kilic Arman
Published: December 2022

Background:

Limited donor availability and evolution in procurement techniques have renewed interest in heart transplantation (HT) with donation after circulatory death (DCD). The aim of this study is to evaluate outcomes of HT using DCD in the United States.

Methods:

The United Network for Organ Sharing registry was used to identify adult HT recipients from 2019 to 2021. Recipients were stratified between DCD and donation after brain death. Propensity-score matching was performed. Cox proportional hazards was used to identify independent predictors of 1-year mortality. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate 1-year survival.

Results:

Of 7496 HTs, 229 DCD and 7267 donation after brain death recipients were analyzed. The frequency of DCD HT increased from 0.2% of all HT in 2019 to 6.4% in 2021 (
P
<0.001), and the number of centers performing DCD HT increased from 3 of 120 centers to 20 of 121 centers (
P
<0.001). DCD donors were more likely to be younger, male, and White. After propensity matching, 1-year survival was 92.5% for DCD versus 90.3% for donation after brain death (hazard ratio, 0.80 [95% CI, 0.44–1.43];
P
=0.44). Among DCD HTs, increasing recipient age and waitlist time predicted 1-year mortality on univariable analysis.

Conclusions:

Rates of DCD HT in the United States are increasing. This practice appears safe and feasible as mortality outcomes are comparable to donation after brain death. Although this study represents early adopting centers, outcomes of the experience for DCD HT in the United States is consistent with existing international data and encourages broader utilization of this practice.
An employable graduate: Essential awareness factors to the preparation of sport management practical experiences
Authors: Grant Mary T , Hanlon Clare , Young Janet A
Published: December 2022

Managers in the sport management industry sector expect graduates from undergraduate sport management programs to have extensive practical experience and to demonstrate employability. This Australian-based study explored how practical experience can align undergraduate sport management industry sector learning with associated graduate employment. Specifically, the study identified awareness factors essential in the preparation of sport management (SM) undergraduates for undertaking practical experiences and developing employability. A job advertisement audit of 200 graduate-entry SM positions stipulating practical experiences and a tertiary qualification were analysed. The findings revealed six industry awareness and four self-awareness factors – each is associated with SM industry sector employment and requisites for developing employability. Collectively, these factors formed a Pre-Condition Phase developed as a preparatory phase to the established Experiential Learning Cycle (Kolb, 1984). Practically, 22 recommendations have evolved and are proposed to guide the SM industry and higher education sectors to collaboratively develop undergraduate employability through industry exploration, self-awareness and practical experience.
Novel method for load acquisition for the shock absorber upper strut mount of an automotive suspension system
Authors: Zheng Guofeng , Chen Baixian , Chen Wen , Wei Hanbing , Zhao Shuen , Yang Chaofeng
Published: December 2022

A novel method for loads acquisition to the shock absorber upper strut mount by two three-component column-type sensor and spring sensor is proposed in this research. The strain gauge configuration and the decoupling balanced bridge circuit of the proposed column-type sensor are designed and analyzed theoretically. In order to verify the theoretical analysis of the measurement bridge output, simulations, and experimental tests were performed. It was shown that the measurement bridge outputs from the theoretical analysis, simulations and experiments were basically consistent. Then, the calibration of the designed sensors was conducted according to the SAE J2570 standard specification requirements, which were then employed to measure the lateral and impact force of the shock absorber upper strut mount. Taking the loads acquired on pothole road as an example, the signal of each sensor was described and the lateral and impact force loads on the upper strut mount is finally calculated.
Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) intronic variant (rs2430561) is a risk factor for systemic lupus erythematosus: Observation from a meta-analysis
Authors: Sarangi Surjyapratap , Nahak Suraj K , Padhi Sunali , Pradhan Bidyutprabha , Nayak Nisha , Pati Abhijit , Panda Aditya K
Published: December 2022

Background

The role of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in autoimmune disorders has been well documented. Elevated levels of IFN-γ are observed in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and are linked with disease severity. Single nucleotide polymorphism in the intronic region of the IFN-γ gene (+874 T>A rs2430561) has been associated with susceptibility to the development of RA and SLE; however, the reports remained contradictories. We conducted a meta-analysis using earlier published articles to reach a valid conclusion on the role of IFN-γ polymorphism (+874 T>A) in autoimmune diseases.

Materials and methods

Various online databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Scopus were searched to find eligible reports for inclusion in the present analysis. Two independent authors extracted eligible studies and data. The meta-analysis was performed by comprehensive meta-analysis software (CMA) v.3.1. Trial sequential analysis was performed to test whether enough case-control studies have already been conducted worldwide to reach a valid observation.

Results

Six published reports on the role of IFN-γ +874 T>A in SLE and four in RA were found after searching various databases. However, out of those six studies in SLE, in one study, the distribution of genotypes was not following the hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. In RA, three studies were deviated out of four reports. Thus, a total of five studies comprising 1440 SLE patients and 1748 controls were considered for the present meta-analysis. Meta-analysis showed a significant association between IFN-γ +874 T>A variants with susceptibility to SLE (homozygous comparison: p = 0.036, OR = 1.592, heterozygous model: p = 0.042, OR = 1.507, dominant model: p = 0.002, OR = 1.309).

Conclusions

IFN-γ +874 T>A variant is associated with predisposition to SLE development.
Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva: A Case Report with Pseudo-Ankylosis of the Temporomandibular Joint
Authors: Chaisrisawadisuk Sarut , Oliver Kelly J. , Constantine Sarah , Azzopardi Jonathan , Anderson Peter J. , Moore Mark H.
Published: December 2022

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare condition characterized by progressive heterotopic ossifications and congenital hallux valgus deformities. The common underlying genetic cause is an ACVR1 mutation, resulting in altered bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) regulation. Trauma and/or minor procedures aggravate the abnormal bony formation in soft tissues. This report presents a 3-year-old child with this condition who presented pseudo-ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) after minor craniofacial trauma. Abnormal ossification in the medial pterygoid muscle was identified as the causative abnormality for the presentation with trismus.
Impact simulations for high-performance fiber-reinforced cement composites using a coupled finite element and smoothed particle Galerkin method
Authors: Lee MinJoo , Kwak Hyo-Gyoung
Published: December 2022

This paper presents a projectile impact analysis of high-performance fiber-reinforced cement composite (HPFRCC) structures based on the coupling of the finite element method (FEM) and the smoothed particle Galerkin (SPG) model in the LS-DYNA program. The K&C material model is calibrated for the HPFRCC. Through a quasi-static analysis using the calibrated model, the criteria for the element size of a FEM and the nodal particle distance of the SPG model are determined. Numerical simulations of the coupled SPG-FEM model are conducted to predict the structural responses of HPFRCC structures subjected to high impact velocities ranging from 342 m/s to 808 m/s. The results for the coupled model are compared with experimental data as well as numerical results for a pure FEM model to determine the relative accuracy and efficiency of a coupled FEM and SPG model for the large deformation problem. The convergence of the numerical results is also investigated in terms of the residual velocity and penetration depth. Moreover, the effects of various parameters on the models are discussed through a sensitivity analysis, and suitable parameter ranges that improve the accuracy of the numerical results are suggested.
The need of rebubbling in case of small graft detachments after Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK)
Authors: Kramer Nane , Unterlauft Jan Darius , Girbardt Christian
Published: December 2022

Purpose

To investigate the need of rebubbling for small graft detachments after Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK).

Methods

In this retrospective study we evaluated 111 eyes from 111 patients that showed graft detachment after DMEK surgery and have achieved graft adherence by injection of air or 20% sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) to the anterior chamber (rebubbling group; n = 57) or by spontaneous adherence without intervention (control group; n = 54) at final examination. Subgroups in terms of the maximum height and in terms of the detachment area in relation to graft area were formed. Outcome measures were the increase in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and the decrease in central corneal thickness (CCT) from the measurement before DMEK to six months after surgery and postoperative endothelial cell density.

Results

BCVA increased in the rebubbling group and the control group, the difference being 0.22 logMAR, p = 0.048. For eyes with a maximum height less than 500  µm, the increase of BCVA was 0.39 ± 0,36 logMAR in the control group and 0.62 ± 0,53 logMAR in the rebubbling group, p = 0.045. There was no difference of statistical significance of BCVA between both groups regarding the detachment area of less than 20% in relation to graft area. The mean decrease in CCT and postoperative endothelial cell density showed no significant difference between the rebubbling group and the control group.

Conclusion

Compared to spontaneous graft adherence, a rebubbling shows no beneficial effect on the clinical outcome for small detached DMEK grafts. Rebubbling does not decrease postoperative endothelial cell density.