bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 Şüpheli Hastalarda Total Antikor Testlerinin Bilgisayarlı Tomografi ve Polimerize Zincir Reaksiyon Test Sonuçları ile Değerlendirmesi
Authors: İŞLER Hacer , BİLGİN Melek , BAŞBULUT Eşe , GÖRGÜN Selim , AYGÜN Cemanur , TAHMAZ Alper , KÖKSAL Eda , REŞÖRLÜ Eylem Burcu , YALÇINKAYA Mirsad
Published: March 2023

Amaç: COVID-19’un erken tanımlanması, hastalık tedavisi ve yönetiminde çok önemlidir. Kanda spesifik antikorların tespitiyle solunum yolu örneklerinden kaynaklanan yanlış negatif sonuçların önüne geçilebilir. Çalışmada COVID-19 şüphesi olan hastaların nazofaringeal sürüntülerinden alınan Hızlı Antikor Testleri, Akciğer BT taramaları ve polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu testlerinin sonuçlarını değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: 15.03.2020-15.06.2020 tarihleri arasında COVID-19 şüphesi olan hastalardan ve şikayeti olan sağlık çalışanlarından alınan venöz kan örnekleri, Hodget Card Hızlı Antikor Testi (IgM + IgG) ile SBU Samsun Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi mikrobiyoloji laboratuvarımızda test edildi. Çalışmada 295 kişinin hızlı antikor testi yapıldı.

Bulgular: Hastaların yaş ortalaması 52±17,9 olup %55,4’ü erkekti. %39,3’ü poliklinikte, %39’u serviste, %19’u yoğun bakımda hastasıydı. Hızlı antikor testi yapılan 295 hastanın %56,6’sında PCR testinin pozitif çıktığı, %9,8’inde negatif olduğu, %33,6’sında PCR testi çalışılmadığı belirlendi.

Sonuç: Çalışmamızda toraks BT’nin COVID-19’u tanımlamada PCR’den duyarlı olduğu gösterildi. Altın standart olan PCR testi negatif kişilerde hızlı antikor testlerinin pozitifliği , antikor testinin, CT veya PCR testi ile gözden kaçan hastalarda hasta doğrulaması için yararlı olduğunu, PCR testinin antikor testleri ile kombine kullanılmasının gerekliliğini göstermiştir.
Evaluation of Serum Allopregnanolone Levels in Acute Stroke Patients Presenting to The Emergency Department and Undergoing Mechanical Thrombectomy
Authors: YANIK Hüseyin Tufan , GÖRGÜN Selim , YÜCEL Murat , GÜZEL Murat , YADİGAROĞLU Metin , AKPINAR Kürşat Çetin
Published: March 2023

Objectives: Ischemic stroke is a disease that occurs as a result of impaired perfusion of the brain and is the second most common cause of death after cardiovascular diseases. Biochemical marker studies for early diagnosis of stroke patients and predicting the prognosis of patients have been the focus of the attention of researchers. Our primary aim in this study was to examine the change in serum Allopregnanolone levels in patients with ischemic stroke who underwent mechanical thrombectomy.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke and underwent mechanical thrombectomy in Samsun Training and Research Hospital Emergency Service between December 2020 and February 2021 were included in the study. Serum Allopregnanolone levels from blood samples were measured by Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA) method.

Results: Twenty-two stroke patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy and 20 healthy volunteers were included in the study. The mean serum Allopregnanolone value at 0h was 56,439 (31.71-253.07), and the median serum Allopregnanolone value of the healthy control group was 51.219 (23.43-87.98), and no statistically significant difference was found (p=0.078). No significant difference existed between the patient group's 0th-hour, 12th-hour, and 5th-day Allopregnanolone levels (p=0.554). There was no significant relationship between the serum Allopregnanolone levels at the 0th hour, 12th hour, and 5th day of the patient group and the 3rd-month mRS scores (p=0.713, p=0.616, p=0.867, respectively).

Conclusion: Serum Allopregnanolone levels do not help diagnose, treat, and prognosis of patients with acute ischemic stroke who underwent mechanical thrombectomy. A clinical study with more patients should be updated with our findings.
Effect of spraying with the extract of the local anemone coronaria flowers and isoflurane in reducing the economic losses caused by stress of transporting broiler
Authors: Al Tamimi Mohammed , Shanoun ammar , Mohammed Mohsin
Published: March 2023

The effect of the extract on the transport stress of broiler chickens transported during different seasons of the year was experimentally studied. During the months of February, March, July, August, and different regions of Iraq, with a density of 10 or 12 birds per cage, as the Ross 308 birds were divided into 10 treatments per move and three replicates for each treatment. The T1 treatment was control without spraying, and the number of birds was 10 in the cage. T2 control without spraying and the number of birds 12 in the cage. T3 Spraying the birds with an extract of local Anemone coronaria flowers at a concentration of 2% and the number of birds is 10 in the cage. T4 Spraying the birds with an extract of local Anemone coronaria flowers at a concentration of 4% and the number of birds 10 in the cage. T5 Spraying the birds with an extract of local Anemone coronaria flowers at a concentration of 6% and the number of birds 10 in the cage. T6 Spraying the birds with an extract of local Anemone coronaria flowers at a concentration of 2%. The number of birds is 12 in the cage. T7 Spraying the birds with an extract of local Anemone coronaria flowers at a concentration of 4%. The number of birds is 12 in the cage. T8 Spraying the birds with an extract of local Anemone coronaria flowers at a concentration of 6% and the number of birds is 12 in the cage. T9 Spraying birds with isoflurane at a concentration of 6%, the number of birds is 10 per cage. T10 Spraying birds with isoflurane at a concentration of 6%. The number of birds is 12 per cage ,The birds were sprayed for 5 minutes before the transfer process, according to the above treatments, and the duration of one transfer was 240 minutes ± 10 minutes, from the results of the field experiment, it can be noted that there was a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the rate of weight loss during the months of February and March, as the spraying treatments T5, T9, T10 recorded (81, 76, 78) grams, respectively, compared with the treatments T1, T2 (108, 109) grams, respectively, and this was reflected in the percentage of weight loss, as it recorded T5,T9, and T10 (3.01, 2.90, 3.19)% compared to the treatments T1, T2 (4.04, 4.07)%. While T5,T9 and T10 recorded (319.95,300.20, 308.10) Iraqi dinars are the least financial losses for the month of March, but during the summer season, it is noted that the lost weight decreased during the months of July and August in transactions T5,T9and T10 (186,180, 187,) gm, respectively, compared with T1, T2 (216, 220) gm Respectively, it is also noted that the percentage of loss in these transactions decreased, as it recorded T5,T9, T10, (7.71,7.11, 7.36,)%, respectively. It is noted that financial losses decreased in these transactions during the month of August, as it recorded T5, T9 and T10 (734.70, 711.00, 738.65) Iraqi dinars, respectively, compared with T1, T2 (853.200, 869.00) Iraqi dinars, respectively
Estimation of Heterosis of Flax (Linum Usitatissimum L.) by in half diallel cross
Authors: Hamid Saya , Aziz Jasim
Published: March 2023

In this study, eight genotypes of flax (Linum Usitatissimum L.) were used (Sakha 1, Sakha 2, Sakha 3, Sakha 5, Sakha 6, Syrian, Giza and Poloni) and their half crosses obtained according to the second method proposed by Griffing (1956). Genotypes (8 parents + 28 hybrids) were planted in the fields of the College of Agriculture / University of Kirkuk in the winter season (2021-2022) according to randomized complete design (RCBD) with three replications to study the studied traits (plant height, number of days flowering 50%, and number of days contracting 50 %, number of days of physiological maturity, number of branches, number of capsules, number of capsule seeds, weight of 1000 seeds, biological yield, seed yield, and harvest index). The hybrids (Sakha 5 × Sakha 6), (Sakha 1 × Giza 8) and (Sakha 1 ×thorshansity72) outperformed in hybrid heterosis based on the deviation of the second generation of the mean parents in the desired direction in the number of days to flowering, set, maturity, seed yield and harvest index. The hybrid (Sakha 2 × thorshansity72) excelled in the vigor of the hybrid based on the deviation of the second generation of the best parents for the traits of the number of days, flowering, knot, maturity, the number of seeds in the capsule and the biological yield, enables the follow-up of solitary generations and selection according to the breeding method determined by the genetic action of these traits.
O QUE SERÁ: NOTAS SOBRE A FUNÇÃO INFORMACIONAL PROSPECTIVA DA ATIVIDADE DE INTELIGÊNCIA
Authors: Anna Cruz
Published: March 2023

A missão estratégica da Atividade de Inteligência envolve uma mirada para o futuro a fim de fornecer ao mais alto nível decisório de um país conhecimentos que possam evitar ameaças ou explorar oportunidades. Seja por meio de Estimativas, Apreciações, na prevenção da contrainteligência seja pela difusão de comunicados e relatórios descritivos do passado, o conhecimento de Inteligência busca embasar uma decisão, e toda decisão racional avalia consequências futuras. É importante, então, diferenciar o trabalho analítico criterioso e metódico que busca explicar fatos, delinear tendências e apresentar hipóteses de futuro da pretensão clarividente infalível. Assim, este trabalho procura discutir as potencialidades da função informacional prospectiva e seus limites individuais, organizacionais e sistêmicos a partir de revisão bibliográfica pertinente.
A VIGILÂNCIA EM SAÚDE SOB A PERSPECTIVA DA BIODEFESA UM DIAGNÓSTICO SITUACIONAL
Authors: Lodi Maria Luiza Lawinsky
Published: March 2023

Este trabalho busca uma aproximação entre o conceito de Biodefesa e a atuação do Ministério da Saúde (MS) em vigilância à saúde, e sua relação com a atividade de inteligência no órgão, nos termos da Política Nacional de Inteligência – PNI. Métodos: Abordagem qualitativa, descritiva; revisão bibliográfica, na qual foram selecionados artigos que abordam saúde pública e biodefesa, e inteligência sanitária. Objetivos: Descrever a atuação do MS quanto ao monitoramento e resposta a eventos de importância para a saúde pública, e como se configura a atividade de inteligência no âmbito do órgão, sob um enfoque de Biodefesa. Resultados: o MS possui uma extensa e organizada rede de monitoramento e resposta a eventos de saúde pública, atuando como uma unidade de inteligência epidemiológica, contribuindo para a Biodefesa do país; todavia, mesmo com excelente estrutura de vigilância, a inexistência de uma estrutura formal de inteligência, nos termos da PNI, é uma fragilidade do órgão, com provável impacto no resultado das suas atividades. Conclusão: Fortalecer ações de inteligência estratégica no MS, adicionadas à já existente inteligência epidemiológica, pode contribuir para o assessoramento da alta gestão da Pasta; a criação de uma unidade de inteligência, é altamente recomendável; ademais, o fomento de uma agência independente de controle de doenças pode contribuir de forma significativa para a atividade de combate às ameaças ao país, fortalecendo as estruturas de biodefesa nacionais.
desmaterialización en el arte como reacción a los procesos de consumo
Authors: Padilla Córdova Arturo Joel
Published: March 2023

Provocadora reflexión en torno a la desmaterialización del arte como resultado de la crisis del objeto artístico tradicional y la evolución que ha sufrido en las últimas décadas el arte contemporáneo, el cual tiende a ser un proceso observable y no vendible; finalmente, resultado del espíritu del hombre.
Evolución educativa
Authors: Contreras Lobato Roxana
Published: March 2023

El objetivo de este documento es analizar y cuestionar los efectos del Movimiento Educativo Abierto, el cual está promoviendo el cambio hacia una educación que contempla el desarrollo y utilización de los Recursos Educativos Abiertos (REA). Este texto invita a reflexionar sobre los efectos de estas iniciativas y nuevos movimientos a nivel internacional y nacional; una educación abierta y de calidad representa un gran reto para la mayor parte de las comunidades académicas de Latinoamérica, en donde es evidente la necesidad fomentar la innovación de la práctica docente y también es vital para poder experimentar plenamente los beneficios del Movimiento Educativo Abierto.
Ola k ase: escribiendo o k ase
Authors: Camacho Madrigal Omar Eduardo
Published: March 2023

Un mensaje de texto, un tuit, una publicación en Facebook o cualquier producción textual de los jóvenes como el famoso meme “ola k ase”, podrían revelar una carencia de conocimientos en redacción, ortografía, sintaxis y demás deficiencias escolares. Sin embargo, visto desde otra óptica, pueden ser el reflejo de una nueva cultura provocada por los vertiginosos cambios que lo digital y la convergencia están generando, una cultura volcada en el presente y en la gestión de la interconexión más que en el pasado y sus técnicas de conservación. Al respecto hay muchas cosas por hacer y discutir ante una realidad que ya nos desbordó.
La (nueva) biblioteca de Babel
Authors: Valenzuela Navarrete Gabriela
Published: March 2023

Ha llegado el momento en el que nos resulta difícil concebir la vida sin computadoras e Internet; sin embargo, a menudo se desconoce el origen de un invento que se ha hecho tan omnipresente en nuestros días. En este artículo, se hace primero un repaso de cómo surgieron los primeros intentos por compactar la información en microchips hasta llegar a los actuales lectores electrónicos, tipo Kindle o Papyre. En segundo lugar, se hace referencia breve a la manera en la que Internet y las tecnologías relacionadas están transformando la literatura. Además, se propone al final una nueva manera de considerar los elementos básicos del ejercicio literario, lector, autor y editor.
Preliminary Study on Hard Ticks ( Acari: Ixodidae) of Sheep in Some Areas of Thamar Governorate, Yemen
Authors: AL-Shaibani Ibrahim R. M.
Published: March 2023

The objective of this study was to identify and determine the prevalence of tick species infesting sheep in some areas of Thamar governorate, Yemen. A total of 392 indigenous sheep breeds of either sex and different age were randomly selected and examined for presence of ticks using standard parasitological techniques from December, 2010 to May, 2011. The results revealed that the overall prevalence of tick infestations on sheep was 43.37 %. Of total 875 ticks collected, Seven species of ixodid ticks were identified. The species on hierarchy of overall prevalence abundance were Rhipicephalus sanguineus (13.01%), Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus (9.69%), Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi (5.87 %), Hyalomma marginatum (4.59 %), Amblyomma variegatum (4.34%), Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus (3.06%), Haemaphysalis sulcata (2.04%). Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus species is recorded for first time in Thamar governorate and Yemen as well as. Statistically, there was significance difference (P
Evaluation of the inpatient satisfaction in public and private hospitals in Sana'a about the services provided to them
Authors: Alemad Adel Ahmed
Published: March 2023

To determine the level of the patients’ satisfaction in Sana'a hospitals, We did a cross-sectional study on patients who spent 3 or more days in 6 of the largest hospitals (public and private), who are above 15 years old, during the period from Aug. 2007 to July 2009. They were 1045 patients. The level of satisfaction was high for doctors, nurses, hygiene, calm, visit, equipments and nutrition. The level of the satisfaction about the calm and the equipments was higher among rural. While The medical patients were more satisfied with the admission procedures, the nurses and the time taken by the physician; the surgical patients showed more satisfaction with the explanation of the physician for their complains, the availability of the investigations, and hygiene. In contrast, the satisfaction level for the cost of service was low, especially in the private hospitals, which just care about money according to the patients. However, most of the participants still advised the others to the same hospital. So we recommend the hospitals to apply a suitable interventions which increase the level of patients’ satisfaction and to do a regular evaluations about patients’ satisfaction and assessing the role of those interventions.
"EINBLICKE IN DIE ÜBERSETZUNG DER BILDUNGSSPRACHE: RUMÄNISCH-DEUTSCH "
Authors:   Politehnica University Timişoara, Dejica-Carțiș Anca
Published: March 2023

Der vorliegende Beitrag ist Teil des Forschungsprojektes PCD-TC Nr. 16183/21.11.2017-2018, Code 30 mit dem Ziel, unterschiedliche Übersetzungsmöglichkeiten der Bildungssprache aus dem Rumänischen ins Deutsche hervorzuheben. In seinem Vorhaben wird der Übersetzer/die Übersetzerin hauptsächlich mit Äquivalenzproblemen als auch mit kontextuellen und sprachlichen Besonderheiten konfrontiert, wobei ihm/ihr eine Palette kultureller Bedeutungen offenbart werden. Der Beitrag zeigt einige Problemstellungen beim Übersetzen von Bildungssprache im Schul- und Hochschulwesen auf und gibt Lösungen für den Gebrauch der Bildungssprache im multikulturellen Kontext an.
"IST DAS ZUM LACHEN?!? DER EINSATZ VON HUMOR ALS STRATEGIE IN WERBEANZEIGEN"
Authors:   Babeș-Bolyai University, Cȃmpian Veronica
Published: March 2023

Der Beitrag „Ist das zum Lachen?!? Der Einsatz von Humor als Strategie in Werbeanzeigen“ nimmt sich vor mit dem Phänomen Humor in der Werbung zu beschäftigen und setzt den Fokus auf den Zusammenhang zwischen den beiden Bereichen. Untersucht werden die Merkmale und Besonderheiten von Humor, seine Erscheinungsformen und die Vor- und Nachteile seiner Nutzung in den Werbeanzeigen. Das Analysekorpus setzt sich aus Anzeigen zu Kategorien wie Lebensmittel, Spielsachen und Haushaltsgegenstände zusammen. Die Forschungsfrage, von der man ausgeht, nimmt sich vor zu klären, wie die Umsetzung der Humorformen in den Werbeanzeigen zu den oben genannten Produktkategorien aussieht. Die Forschungsmethode ist keine klassische qualitative Inhaltsanalyse nach bestimmten Kriterien, sondern eine Interpretation der ausgewählten Werbeanzeigen aus der Perspektive des Gebrauchs von Humor als Schlüsselkomponente der Werbebotschaft.
"TRANSLATING ECONOMIC COLOUR IDIOMS AS A WAY OF DEVELOPING CROSS-CULTURAL ECONOMIC DISCOURSE "
Authors:   Technical University of Civil Engineering Bucharest, Marina-Cristiana Marina-Cristiana
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this paper is two-fold: first, it aims to investigate to what extent colour idioms in economic language can generate discourse. As metaphorical constructions, economic colour idioms can help conceptualize experience by means of the conceptual metaphor. They also help frame economic reality linguistically, thus developing discourse-generating power. Second, it seeks to indicate the degree to which the translation of these idioms can accommodate the linguistic forms of the reality illustrated by the economic discourse in the target language. The numerous calques used in the translation of economic colour idioms indicate that new cultural forms disseminated by English language worldwide have been linguistically assimilated and accommodated in other languages, contributing to the process of acculturation and the development of cross-cultural discourse.
TINJAUAN HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP PEMBERIAN HADIAH (BONUS) DALAM AKAD WADI’AH DI TABUNGAN iB HIJRAH BANK MUAMALAT INDONESIA CABANG TEGAL
Authors: Hidayat Roni , Abdullah Muhammad Ismail
Published: March 2023

Salah satu produk tabungan di Bank Muamalat Indonesia Cabang Tegal adalah    tabungan iB Hijrah yang menggunakan akad wadi’ah atau titipan. Dalam praktiknya bank bertindak sebagai penerima titipan dan nasabah sebagai penitip. Lalu dalam syarat dan  ketentuan tertulis bahwa “Untuk tabungan dengan akad wadi’ah, bank dapat (tetapi tidak wajib) memberikan bonus. Besarnya bonus sesuai dengan kebijakan bank”. Kemudian rumusan masalah yang diambil dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana praktik pemberian hadiah (bonus) pada tabungan iB Hijrah dengan akad wadi’ah dan bagaimana tinjauan hukum Islam terhadap pemberian hadiah (bonus) pada tabungan iB Hijrah di Bank Muamalat Indonesia Cabang Tegal. Dengan tujuan penelitian ingin mengetahui bagaimana praktik pemberian hadiah (bonus) pada tabungan iB Hijrah dengan akad wadi’ah dan ingin mengetahui bagaimana tinjauan hukum Islam terhadap pemberian hadiah (bonus) pada tabungan iB Hijrah dengan akad wadi’ah di Bank Muamalat Indonesia Cabang Tegal. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif. Adapun jenis penelitian yang akan digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan dengan metode pengumpulan data melalui metode wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Dengan analisis data deskriptif yaitu dengan cara memaparkan dan menjelaskan tentang permasalahan penelitian dan menggunakan alat hukum untuk membahas permasalahan kajian dalam penelitian ini yaitu hukum Islam. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian hadiah (bonus) dalam akad wadi’ah di tabungan iB Hijrah Bank Muamalat Indonesia Cabang Tegal sudah sesuai dengan ketentuan syariat Islam. Karena dalam praktiknya tidak terjadi kesepakatan di awal.
Analisis Praktik Jual Beli Paket Sembako Lebaran Berdasarkan Hukum Islam dan UU No. 8 Tahun 1999
Authors: Hidayat Endang Mukhlis
Published: March 2023

Praktik jual beli sembako lebaran menjadi praktik yang cukup marak dilakukan oleh masyarakat, khususnya masyarakat yang tinggal di pedesaan. Salah satu masyarakat desa yang melakukan praktik jual beli sembako lebaran adalah masyarakat Desa Lebakwangi Kecamatan Lebakwangi Kabupaten Kuningan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui praktik jual beli sembako lebaran di Desa Lebakwangi dan bagaimana tinjauannya berdasarkan Hukum Islam dan UU No. 8 Tahun 1999. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif. Teknik pengambilan data yang digunakan adalah melalui wawancara dan dokumentasi. Adapun hasil dari penrlitian ini adalah bahwasannya praktik jual beli paket sembako lebaran di Desa Lebakwangi Kecamatan Lebakwangi Kabupaten Kuningan tidak sesuai dengan Hukum Islam dan UU No 8 Tahun 1999. Hal disebabkan oleh beberapa hal diantaranya adanya ketidakjelaskan terhadap barang yang diperjualbelikan, adanya ketidakadilan yang dilakukan oleh penjual terhadap konsumen satu dengan konsumen lainnya, dan adannya ketidaksesuaian antara barang yang dipesan dengan barang yang didapatkan.
YENİ SİLAHLARIN TABİ TUTULMASI GEREKEN HUKUKÎLİK DENETİMİ VE OTONOM SİLAH SİSTEMLERİ
Authors: GÜNEYSU Gökhan
Published: March 2023

Uluslararası insancıl hukuk kuralları gereği bir silah sisteminin dizayn edilmesi, geliştirilmesi, üretilmesi, satın alınması süreçlerinin hepsi için geçerli olacak bir denetim yükümü mevcuttur. Bu denetim ile söz konusu silahın normal ve beklenen kullanımının uluslararası hukuk kuralları aykırılık teşkil edip etmeyeceğinin incelenmesi gerekmektedir. Bu denetim, otonom silah sistemleri için de hukukî bir zorunluluktur. Ancak bu sistemlerin kendisine özgü özelliklerinden ötürü denetimin başarı vaad edip etmediğinin ayrıca ele alınması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışma bu konuya hasredilmiştir. Öngörülebilirlik ve güvenilirlik gibi vasıfların eksikliği veya yokluğu nedeniyle bu denetimin istenen seviyede icrasının zorluğu çalışmanın temel önermesini teşkil etmektedir.
Effect of gender on symptomatic gallstone
Authors: Shah S , Shrestha S , Adhikari S , Agrawal CS
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is generally preferred over conventional open cholecystectomy (OC) for cholelithiasis. This study was conducted to analyze the effect of gender on the severity of symptomatic gallstone disease and difficulties in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Method: This was a cross-sectional study from February 15, 2007 to February 14, 2008 in the department of surgery at B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (BPKIHS), Dharan, Nepal. All the patients with symptomatic gallstone disease who were underwent cholecystectomy were included in the study. Those patients, who underwent cholecystectomy in association with other abdominal surgery, were excluded from the study.

Result: The peak age of patients who underwent cholecystectomy for gallstone in male was 41 to 60 years and in female 21 to 40 years. Acute cholecystitis was common in male i.e. 28 (39.44%). Distended gallbladder, thickened gallbladder wall, adhesion to gallbladder, and frozen calotâ€™s triangle were common intraoperative findings in male. Duration of surgery, conversion, blood loss, and post-operative complications were similar in both gender.

Conclusion: Male are a risk factor for severe symptomatic gallstone disease which causes difficult dissection but we did not find increased morbidity or complications (intraoperative or post-operative).
Severe life threatening cardiovascular complications following spinal anaesthesia: A case series
Authors: Pantha S , Basnet NB , Piya R , Shrestha A , Baskota D , Shrestha G , Singh RM , Subba TN , Ghimire B
Published: March 2023

Spinal anaesthesia, one of the safe and commonly given regional anaesthesias throughout the world1 was introduced by Dr August Bier in 1899. It is faster, easier to perform and patients are more comfortable than with general anaesthesia. Patan Hospital is one of the tertiary care referral hospital where many surgeries are performed every year. Obstetric, orthopaedic and general surgical cases are done under spinal anaesthesia in this hospital. We present here, a series of two life threatening complications following spinal anaesthesia in our patients who had undergone surgery under spinal anaesthesia.
Disease pattern in women of mountain Area â€œ A study of women attending gynaecological health camp at district hospital, Jumlaâ€
Authors: Pantha S , Gartoulla P
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The study aims in finding out the basic reproductive health condition of the women in rural areas of Nepal who are lacking far behind in access to basic health facilities and to fill in the gap of the evidence present in these areas.Methods: This study is the descriptive analysis of women who attended the 10 day long gynaecological Health camp organized at the premises of District Hospital, Jumla during October 2008, led by a Gynaecologist from Kathmandu.The diagnosis was made on clinical evaluation. A carbon copy of the prescription was made at the time of examination and was later analysed using Epi Info 4.3.3.Results: 565 of 640 women had attended the camp were included in the study. Majority of them were suffering from RTI, followed by infertility and pelvic organ prolapse. Most of them had adopted the permanent methods for family planning and the average family size for adopting permanent method was 2.9Conclusion: Major Reproductive Health (RH) morbidity in the study was Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID), cervicitis and vaginitis. A significant number of the women were suffering from urinary tract infection, acid peptic disorder. Drugs as per protocol for STI treatment was most frequently used while ranitidine was the most common drug besides antibiotics. Most of them adopted vasectomy as the method of family planning, showing the increasing trend for awareness about family planning.
Perspective on management of Transient Ischemic Attack in the emergency department
Authors: Das Sunil kumar , Sah Sunny , Chaudhary Sharda Nanda , Luitel Aayash , Gurung Raju
Published: March 2023

Transient ischemic attack (TIA) is commonly presented at the emergency department as transient and nonspecific symptoms, which are difficult to localize and interpret. It is often required to have strong clinical suspicion to diagnose TIA. Optimal blood pressure control is of utmost importance to minimize hazardous consequences of TIA and stroke. There have been many scoring systems to predict stroke after TIA but none of them are reliable to access low or high risk for early recurrent stroke. There is emerging evidence among association between high D Dimer level and acute ischemic stroke followed by TIA but a dose-dependent relationship between D-dimer and the risk of stroke is yet to be established. Until now neuroimaging has been the investigation of choice for detecting TIA and stroke.
Atypical presentation of molar pregnancy at third trimester- A case report from eastern Nepal.
Authors: Dangal Binod , Dangal Rajkumar , Rajbhandari Swaraj
Published: March 2023

A 20 years old primi-gravida lady at 35 weeks of gestation presented to a remote mountainous district hospital with the complaint of per vaginal bleeding on and off with the passage of clots for 10 days. On further examination with an ultrasound scan, she was found to have heterogeneous cystic lesions inside the uterine cavity suggestive of molar pregnancy. She underwent dilatation and evacuation using Bier's forceps after initial resuscitation. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of partial molar pregnancy. The postoperative period was uneventful and the patient was discharged on the third day with the advice of close monitoring and to follow up with beta-HCG and Chest X-ray.
Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in Lalitpur Nepal
Authors: R.C Laxmi , Koirala Srijana
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Sunlight exposure is the most important source of vitamin D for human beings. We can get vitamin D from other sources such as diet and dietary supplements as well. Human body synthesizes most of the vitamin D from exposure to direct ultraviolet sunlight. The deficiency of vitamin D is a major public health problem worldwide. It is deficiency of vitamin D level when blood serum which is below 30ng/ml. The deficiency is associated with various musculoskeletal diseases and autoimmune diseases. The early detection of deficiency plays an important role to prevent those diseases. The aim of the study is to find the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency.

Method: A retrospective study was conducted in Star Hospital Sanepa, Lalitpur, Nepal, from first January 2018 to 31 December 2018. All patients attended outpatient door with multiple complaints like; backache, muscle pain, leg pain was tested for Vit D3.

Result: A total of 786 patients had tested vitamin D levels, where 717 (91.2%) had deficiency and 69 had normal levels. Adult females were found to be vitamin D deficient than the adult male population.

Conclusion:  Vitamin D deficiency was found to be higher in females than males in Lalitpur district Nepal.
Access to pre-hospital care among patients visiting emergency department of a tertiary hospital in Nepal: A Mixed Methods pilot study
Authors: Bhattarai Noney , Bhandary Shital , Thapa Pachya Ambika
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Pre-hospital care covers assistance and immediate care to injured and seriously ill patients at the scene and during transfer to health facilities. Pre-hospital care demands skills and preparedness. Medical emergencies involve use of a range of transports other than ambulances in Nepal. The current pilot study aimed to explore the access to pre-hospital care and factors associated with it from both users and providersâ€™ perspective.

Method: Cross sectional concurrent parallel mixed method study was done in emergency department (ED) of Patan Hospital, Nepal. Semi-structured questionnaire and interview guides were used. Thirty patients and visitors arriving at ED and seven key informants participated. Permission was taken from ED and written informed consent was taken. Descriptive and inferential statistics was done using R software and thematic analysis was done using EZR package.

Result: Proportion of access to pre-hospital (PH) care was found to be 13.3% (4 out of 30). Concept of pre-hospital care itself is not popular among users. Limited PH care and service was found in the study site. Cost of transportation and distance between site and hospital were found to be associated with access. Further to it, barriers and facilitators were related with service delivery, workforce, financing, infrastructure, communication, coordination and information.  

Conclusion: Access to pre-hospital services was found only in 4 out 30 patients. Awareness among the usersâ€™ and integrated governance of ambulances is recommended for improvement of pre-hospital services.

Keywords: Ambulance, emergency medical services, pre-hospital care, tertiary hospital, Nepal
COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Health Care Workers
Authors: Pradhananga Sneha , Shrestha Trishna , Hada Batajoo Kabita , Pandey K.C Bindu , Shrestha Roshan
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Vaccination is one of the best ways to flatten the curve of COVID 19 infection and success of vaccination is achieved when vaccine hesitancy is minimal. The aim of this study is to analyze reasons for vaccine hesitancy among health care workers of a tertiary care hospital in Kathmandu Valley scheduled for COVID-19 vaccination.

Method: This is a descriptive cross sectional study conducted at KIST Medical College and Teaching Hospital from 25th February 2021 to 15th March 2021.This study included 156 health care workers of KIST Medical College who did not opt for the first dose of vaccination for COVID-19.

Result: The majority of health care workers hesitant for vaccination belonged to age group 18-29 years 67(42.9%)and females 117(75%) were more hesitant to vaccine than males. Helper and cleaning staffs 45(28.8%) were found to be more hesitant for vaccination followed by nursing staffs 29(18.6%). The reasons for vaccine rejection were due to safety issues 65(41.7%), followed by willingness to get vaccination at a later date 17(10.9%), misunderstanding the need of vaccination if already infected 14(8.9%), planning for pregnancy 14(8.9%), lactating mothers 14(8.9%) and pregnancy 11(7.1%).

Conclusion: This study emphasizes on the need of more advocacies in the safety of Covid19 vaccination. Its safety during pregnancy and lactation is to be addressed to increase the vaccination rate.

Keywords: COVID-19, health care workers, vaccine hesitancy
Quality improvement of triage accuracy in the Emergency Department
Authors: Adhikari Sunil , Rijal Suraj
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Triage is the sorting of patients into priority groups according to their need and severity of clinical condition. The study aims to present outcome of complete audit cycle of triage by the triage nurse for quality improvement of triaging in Emergency.

Method: 150 patients were randomly selected over 2 weeks who were triaged by the Emergency triage nurse into Emergency (Red), Priority (Yellow) and Queue (Green) in the Emergency Department at Patan Hospital.We followed the WHO quick check triage and assessed those who were accurately triaged, over triaged and those who were under triaged.The necessary changes were done after analysis of data from first cycle and same process was repeated for second cycle. In the second cycle, 150 patients were selected randomly over 2 weeks who were triaged by the Emergency triage nurse. Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle was used for quality improvement cycle.

Result: Data were collected from 150 patients in the first cycle and 150 patients in the second cycle. In the first cycle, 48.7 % of patients were correctly triaged, 48.7% were over triaged and 2.7% were under triaged. After the second PDSA cycle, it was found that 65.3% of patients were correctly triaged, 33.3 % were over triaged and 1.3% were under triaged.

Conclusion: Accuracy of triage can be improved by continuous quality improvement audit and necessary interventions. Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle is a useful tool for quick detection of problems and acting on necessary interventions for improvement
Metoclopramide and acute dystonia: A case report
Authors: Thapa Ashish , Pant Manish Nath
Published: March 2023

Metoclopramide is one of the frequently used antiemetic and prokinetic. The aim of this case report is to emphasize the occurrence of metoclopramide induced acute dystonic reaction. Its prevalence is increasing and can be life threatening. We present a case of 18 years old female, who presented to the emergency of Kathmandu Medical College with the complaints of pain and stiffness of the neck and inability to keep her tongue in her mouth. She developed acute dystonic reactions after her fourth dose of Metoclopramide; which was prescribed for her vomiting associated with dysmenorrhea. The drug was discontinued and 25 mg of intravenous Chlorpheniramine was administered. The symptom subsided in two hours and was discharged with oral Chlorpheniramine. Metoclopramide can cause severe adverse reaction such as acute dystonic reaction, which is of unpredictable nature, physicians should be aware of this bizarre effect and the treatment.
Using pointwise mutual information for breast cancer health disparities research with SEER-Medicare claims
Authors: Egleston Brian L. , Chanda Ashis Kumar , Bai Tian , Fang Carolyn Y. , Bleicher Richard J. , Vucetic Slobodan
Published: March 2023

Identification of procedures using International Classification of Diseases or Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System codes is challenging when conducting medical claims research. We demonstrate how Pointwise Mutual Information can be used to find associated codes. We apply the method to an investigation of racial differences in breast cancer outcomes. We used Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) data linked to Medicare claims. We identified treatment using two methods. First, we used previously published definitions. Second, we augmented definitions using codes empirically identified by the Pointwise Mutual Information statistic. Similar to previous findings, we found that presentation differences between Black and White women closed much of the estimated survival curve gap. However, we found that survival disparities were completely eliminated with the augmented treatment definitions. We were able to control for a wider range of treatment patterns that might affect survival differences between Black and White women with breast cancer.
X matters too: How the blended slope problem manifests differently in unilevel vs. multilevel models
Authors: Sanders Elizabeth A. , Konold Timothy R.
Published: March 2023

Aside from multilevel models (MLMs), several analytic approaches are available for handling cluster-induced dependencies. Nevertheless, the literature on MLM alternatives has called less explicit attention to the potential bias in level-1 (L1) slope coefficients resulting from the “blended slope” problem—a problem that arises when dependencies in predictors (Xs) exist and when L1 predictor-outcome (X-Y) relations differ from those at level-2 (L2). As such, applied researchers may be drawing incorrect inferences about their L1 predictor effects when they specify models without considering clustering in Xs. The present paper reviews this “blended slope” problem and uses Monte Carlo simulation to illustrate how the problem manifests more for unilevel models compared with MLMs. In short, analyses of clustered data should always: 1) report outcome and predictor ICCs, 2) cluster-mean center L1 predictors or incorporate L2 aggregate predictors, and 3) employ a model that takes clustered residuals into account.
Editorial
Authors: Lohn Reinaldo Lindolfo , Arend Silvia Maria Fávero , Cubas Caroline Jaques
Published: March 2023

Editorial: Volume 14, Número 37, Ano 2022
Poetic Awakenings
Authors: Williams Britton
Published: March 2023

Phillis Wheatley, Paul Laurence Dunbar, Langston Hughes, Audre Lorde, Lucille Clifton… It was when I met you through your poetry, that I found out… words can lift off the page… and lift me. My heart. My history. My spirit. My consciousness… -Revelation! As an African-American woman, poetry is integral to how I see, understand, and make meaning of the world. My first teacher, my mother, taught me about the world and her/our history through poetry. By extension, my greatest teachers, the scholars to whom I often turn, are artists. Incorporating poetic reflexivity into my research engages a Black epistemology and challenges the rigid notion(s) of what (and who) constitutes academic/scholarly writing. In this essay, I argue that poetry – which I use expansively here - allows qualitative researchers to reveal, distill, and illuminate their thoughts and findings. In the Black MAP research project (www.thebmp.org) - designed as an online historic archive of black aesthetics as healing, resistance, and liberatory practice - poetry sits at the core and fills the soul of the work. My essay will draw from the archive, the assemblage, and the offerings of participants.
A Goat Track Review
Authors: Grocott Lisa
Published: March 2023

What happens when the invitation to wonder off the beaten track is extended to the very act of criticalpeer review? This piece of performative writing is the peer review for x paper. The wandering andwondering presents a pluriversal way of peering, of being with, of relating to authors who are comingfrom another place, another world.
Remote health monitoring services in nursing homes
Authors: Kim Jiwon , Kim Hyunsoo , Im Sungil , Park Youngin , Lee Hae-Young , Kwon Sookyung , Choi Youngsik , Sohn Linda , Oak Chulho
Published: March 2023

Aged people are challenged by serious complications from chronic diseases, such as mood disorder, diabetes, heart disease, and infectious diseases, which are also the most common causes of death in older people. Therefore, elderly care facilities are more important than ever. The most common causes of death in elderly care facilities were reported to be diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and pneumonia. Recently, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have a great impact on blind spots of safety where aged people were isolated from society. Elderly care facilities were one of the blind spots in the midst of the pandemic, where major casualties were reported from COVID-19 complications because most people had one or two mortality risk factors, such as diabetes or cardiovascular disease. Therefore, medical governance of public health center and hospital, and elderly care facility is becoming important issue of priority. Thus, remote health monitoring service by the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) sensors is more important than ever. Recently, technological breakthroughs have enabled healthcare professionals to have easy access to patients in medical blind spots through the use of IoT sensors. These sensors can detect medically urgent situations in a timely fashion and make medical decisions for aged people in elderly care facilities. Real-time electrocardiograms and blood sugar monitoring sensors are approved by the medical insurance service. Real-time monitoring services in medical blind spots, such as elderly care facilities, has been suggested. Heart rhythm monitoring could play a role in detecting early cardiovascular disease events and monitoring blood glucose levels in the management of chronic diseases, such as diabetes, in aged people in elderly care facilities. This review presents the potential usefulness of remote monitoring with IoMT sensors in medical blind spots and clinical suggestions for applications.
La pérdida del legado con la transformación digital
Authors: Labrador Emiliano
Published: March 2023

Quien esté leyendo este texto y tenga una cierta edad recordará los singles de 45 revoluciones que regalaban con la Mirinda. A una mayoría, sin embargo, esta frase le habrá resultado, cuanto menos, desconcertante. Volveremos a ella más tarde. Tengo una hermana y un hermano mayores que yo, en ese orden y separados de mí por siete y seis años, respectivamente. Esto me ha permitido tener una herencia de discos, libros, juegos, juguetes, cómics (o tebeos) y otros cachivaches con cerca de una década de diferencia con los objetos culturales que me corresponden por edad. Y no solo eso, sino que llegaron en la etapa en la que yo me estaba formando como ser humano y como persona, por lo que tuvieron una enorme influencia en mí. Puedo decir, sin temor a equivocarme, que en una gran parte soy como soy gracias a que esos objetos cambiaron de manos. Ahora, la mayoría tenemos plataformas digitales donde compramos y almacenamos nuestros libros, música y juegos, y estos están ligados a nuestras cuentas personales (e intransferibles), y los objetos culturales no son objetos, sino conjuntos de ceros y unos que no podemos tocar ni prestar. Gran parte de lo que soy ahora, de lo que me hace vibrar y de lo que me inspira morirá conmigo y no será referente para nadie después de mí.
Impacts of Meteorological Parameters on Tropospheric Ozone Concentrations in Çanakkale
Authors: ARSLAN Hilal
Published: March 2023

Meteorological factors have a significant impact on the formation and transport of tropospheric ozone. In addition to the meteorological factors, solar radiation and associated chemical reactions, topography, and pollution sources also affect the ozone concentration levels (O3). In this study, the influences of the meteorological factors (temperature, wind speed, relative humidity, solar radiation) on O3 were investigated for Çanakkale throughout the 2014-2018 period. It was found that O3 concentration levels in summer season are linked with the high humidity and, especially high temperature. The statistical analysis indicated that O3 concentrations at Çan district (SE Çanakkale) were positively correlated with temperature during summer and autumn seasons (r=0.53). Similarly, a statistically significant positive correlation was found at Lapseki station of Çanakkale during autumn (r=0.48), spring (r=0.41), and summer months (r=0.40), respectively. On the other hand, relative humidity (RH) displayed negative correlations with O3 at Çan and Lapseki stations. In addition, negative correlation was observed between nitrogen oxides (NOX) and O3 values measured at Lapseki station. The main important factors affecting ozone concentration levels in Çanakkale were found as local meteorological conditions and long-range transportation of pollutants from anthropogenic sources (e.g. vehicle, industrial emissions, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from solvents and industry).
Web Tarayıcıları için Etkili Tohum URL Seçimi ve Kapsam Genişletme Algoritması
Authors: ALANOĞLU Zülfü , AKÇAYOL Mehmet
Published: March 2023

Web, hızla büyüyen ve her türden verilerin bulunduğu devasa bir veri kaynağıdır. Kullanıcılar bu veri kaynağından istedikleri verileri almak için arama motorlarını kullanırlar. Arama motorları bu verileri web tarayıcıları ile elde ederler. Web tarayıcıları web sayfalarındaki tek düzen kaynak bulucuları (URL-Uniform Resource Locator) izleyerek ulaştıkları tüm sayfalardaki verileri alır, ayrıştırır ve indekslerler. Web tarama sürecindeki en önemli konular hangi URL’lerden başlanacağı ve taramanın kapsamıdır. Bu yazıda kapsamı tüm web olan genel bir tarayıcının tohum URL seçim ve kapsam genişletme yöntemleri sunulmuştur. Tohum URL seçiminde 102 farklı ülkede ziyaretçinin günlük harcadığı saat, ziyaretçi başına günlük sayfa görüntüleme sayısı, aramadan gelen trafiğin yüzdesi ve toplam bağlı site sayısı temel alınarak oluşturulmuş üç farklı tohum URL seti oluşturulup detaylı bir şekilde performansları analiz edilmiştir. Ayrıca kapsamı hızlı bir şekilde genişletmek için link skoruna dayalı yeni bir tarama algoritması önerilmiş, tohum URL setleri kullanılarak taramalar yapılmış, karşılaştırılmış ve detaylı analizleri yapılmıştır.