bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Cross-Sectional Study Evaluating the Impact of One Year versus Two Years of Exposure to Interprofessional Education on Student Perceptions of Physician-Pharmacist Interprofessional Clinical Education (SPICE)
Authors: Rotz Melissa E , Grover Anisha B. , Burden Amanda , Pontiggia Laura , Dueñas Gladys G.
Published: January 2018

Background: Evaluating student perceptions of interprofessional education (IPE) is important to meet accreditation standards. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of one year versus two years of exposure to IPE on student perceptions, as well as evaluate differences between professions.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, first and second year medical and pharmacy students enrolled in an interprofessional experiential course series at each of their respective institutions completed a perceptions instrument prior to a standardized objective behavioral assessment. Student demographics and perception scores were summarized using descriptive statistics. Chi-squared tests and Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel tests were used to assess differences in demographic variables. Between-group differences in perception scores were assessed using Wilcoxon Rank-Sum tests.

Results: 155 students completed the instrument out of the 163 students enrolled in the course series. Overall, the median scores were ≥4 (4=Agree, 5=Strongly Agree) for all SPICE items and factors. No significant differences were observed between first and second year students in response to any of the SPICE items or factors. When comparing professions, significant differences were observed between pharmacy students and medical students that IPE “enhances my education” (p=0.003), “improves patient satisfaction” (p=0.001), and “enhances my future ability to collaborate” (p=0.001). Significant differences were also observed between pharmacy students and medical students for 2 of the 3 factors: teamwork (p=0.001) and patient outcomes (p=0.005). For all of the differences in items and factors, pharmacy students reported higher levels of agreement.

Conclusions: Two years of exposure to IPE compared to one year (i.e. second year students vs. first year students) did not result in higher levels of agreement; however, agreement was high across all students which may have limited the ability to detect a difference. When perceptions are high early in the curriculum, maintaining the same level of agreement longitudinally may be a more appropriate educational outcome. Pharmacy students had higher levels of agreement compared to medical students for certain items. Further research is needed to determine if these differences have an impact on interprofessional collaboration.

Conflict of Interest

We declare no conflicts of interest or financial interests that the authors or members of their immediate families have in any product or service discussed in the manuscript, including grants (pending or received), employment, gifts, stock holdings or options, honoraria, consultancies, expert testimony, patents and royalties.

 

Type: Original Research
Developing Students as Advocates through a Pilot Advocacy Curricular Thread within a PharmD Curriculum
Authors: Mospan Cortney M , Calhoun McKenzie
Published: January 2018

There is a need for education about and development of advocacy skills within student pharmacists. Pharmacy literature describes experiences incorporating advocacy education within curricula; however, these are often singular, limited experiences. To increase student pharmacists’ awareness, knowledge, and skills, effective advocacy curricular threads are necessary within curricula. This paper provides rationale for the need for a greater emphasis on development of these skills within student pharmacists, evidence of curricular experiences surrounding advocacy from the literature, initial observations from a piloted curricular thread at one school, and implications for the academy.

Conflict of Interest

Dr. Calhoun is a Board member of the Tennessee Pharmacists Association.

 

Type: Idea Paper
Policy Matters: Development of a Legislative Advocacy Week to Engage Student Pharmacists in Policy Discussions
Authors: Mospan Cortney M , Alexander Katelyn M , Cox Caden W , Jones Tyler , Hawks Nicole
Published: January 2018

Policy and advocacy discussions and activities are generally topics that student pharmacists are less excited to engage in during their PharmD curriculum. These can also be challenging to integrate within a curriculum in a meaningful, impactful, and engaging manner. At a college of pharmacy, two student organization chapters (American Pharmacists Association-Academy of Student Pharmacists and National Community Pharmacists Association) partnered together to host a Legislative Advocacy Week centered on the primary elections for the 2016 presidential race. This Note discusses the conceptualization, planning, events, impact, and analysis of this week.

Conflict of Interest

At the time of this activity, Dr. Mospan was a faculty member at East Tennessee State University Bill Gatton College of Pharmacy.

 

Type: Note
Next Generation Sequencing Claims in Precision Medicine: Questions a Formulary Committee Should Ask
Authors: Langley Paul C
Published: January 2018

The enthusiasm with which precision medicine has been embraced over the past 15 years has obscured the fact that the evidence base for biomarker-driven assessments, in particular for next generation sequencing (NGS), is limited. This applies both to the comparative performance of the various assessment tools as well as to the impact of biomarker driven decisions at the patient level. Where a genetic test is being evaluated there are five key questions a formulary committee should ask when assessing whether or not to recommend coverage and reimbursement for the test in target patient populations:

(i) has the test met required standards for analytic and clinical validity?

(ii) has the test been evaluated against competing tests for analytic and clinical validity?

(iii) have the test-based claims met standards for credibility, evaluation and replication?

(iv) has the test been accepted as part of the standard of care for patient management in the target disease state?

(v) has the introduction of the test improved outcomes, including survivorship, adverse events, quality of life and costs, in the targeted population?

The purpose of this commentary is twofold: first, to consider the appropriate evidentiary standards for the evaluation of a test and comparator tests; and, second, to identify questions that a formulary committee should address in submissions made for a test in health care systems. A critical issue is not only comparative claims for the test against the standard of care and comparator tests, but the assessment of test performance for the identified treatment pathways where mutations or variants are linked to recommendations for therapy options. Unless these issues are addressed it is unlikely that the promise of personalized medicine will be realized. The absence of an evidence base will deter both physicians and their patients from adopting NGS based recommendations.

 

Type: Commentary
Pharmacy Practice: Exploring the Relationship between SSRIs and Sodium Levels in an Older Adult Population
Authors: Anderson Sonya L , Johnston Nita
Published: January 2018

I was asked to examine the presence of hyponatremia (<130 mEq/L) in older patients (>65 years) taking Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) at Moses Cone Hospital. The presence of hyponatremia in older patients using SSRIs indicates potentially inappropriate use according to the STOPP (Screening Tool of Older Persons’ Potentially Inappropriate Prescriptions) and START (Screening Tool to Alert Doctors to Right Treatment) criteria6. This study was done to assess possible risk factors for potentially inappropriate use of SSRIs by older patients at Moses Cone Hospital. Data collected included the patient’s sex, age, sodium level, and the date the sodium level was drawn. Data also included the specific SSRI and the starting date for the SSRI. The study showed no relationship between age, sex, SSRI prescribed and hyponatremia. However, patients that were prescribed an SSRI for less than a year were more at risk for hyponatremia. Therefore, in order to minimize the risk of hyponatremia, additional monitoring may need to be added at SSRI initiation, three months, six months, and one year, especially in patients with other medications that may lower sodium levels.

Conflict of Interest

We declare no conflicts of interest or financial interests that the authors or members of their immediate families have in any product or service discussed in the manuscript, including grants (pending or received), employment, gifts, stock holdings or options, honoraria, consultancies, expert testimony, patents and royalties.

 

Type: Student Project
Collaboration between Hospital and Community Pharmacists to Improve Medication Management from Hospital to Home
Authors: Kristeller Judith , Snyder Felicia , Kong Fanhui , Musheno Michele
Published: January 2018

Objective: The objective of this study is to determine if a model for patient-centered care that integrates medication management between hospital and community pharmacists is feasible and can improve medication adherence. Design: This was a randomized, non-blinded, interventional study of 69 patients discharged from a hospital to home. Process measures include the number and type of medication-related discrepancies or problems identified, patient willingness to participate, the quality and quantity of interactions with community pharmacists, hospital readmissions, and medication adherence. Setting: A 214-bed acute care hospital in Northeastern Pennsylvania and seventeen regional community pharmacies. Patients: Enrolled patients were hospitalized with a primary or secondary diagnosis of heart failure or COPD, had a planned discharge to home, and agreed to speak to one of seventeen community pharmacists within the study network (i.e., a network community pharmacist) following hospital discharge. Intervention: Information about a comprehensive medication review completed by the hospital pharmacist was communicated with the network community pharmacist to assist with providing medication therapy management following hospital discharge. Results: Of 180 patients eligible for the study, 111 declined to participate. Many patients were reluctant to talk to an additional pharmacist, however if the patient’s pharmacist was already within the network of 17 pharmacies, they usually agreed to participate. The study enrolled 35 patients in the intervention group and 34 in the control group. An average of 6 medication-related problems per patient were communicated to the patient’s network community pharmacist after discharge. In the treatment group, 44% of patients had at least one conversation with the network community pharmacist following hospital discharge. There was no difference in post-discharge adherence between the groups (Proportion of Days Covered 0.76 treatment group vs. 0.73 control group, p=0.69), but there was a reduction in hospital readmissions (43% treatment group vs. 62% control group). Conclusion: The feasibility of this model can be improved by integrating medication management with the patient’s existing community pharmacist, rather than an additional network community pharmacist. While there was no difference in medication adherence, collaboration between the hospital and community pharmacists can potentially reduce hospital readmissions, improve medication safety, and facilitate medication therapy management across care transitions.

Conflict of Interest

"We declare no conflicts of interest or financial interests that the authors or members of their immediate families have in any product or service discussed in the manuscript, including grants (pending or received), employment, gifts, stock holdings or options, honoraria, consultancies, expert testimony, patents and royalties".

 

Type: Original Research
A Conversation with Archbishop Desmond Tutu: Leaders Transforming Cultures
Authors: Eisler Riane
Published: January 2018

Riane Eisler talks with Nobel laureate Archbishop Desmond Tutu about transforming cultures from domination to partnership and progress in this direction, including changing traditions of violence against women and children, gender equality, and the role of religious leaders and scholars in transforming cultures.
Glossary for Cultural Transformation: The Language of Partnership and Domination
Authors: Mercanti Stefano
Published: January 2018

When global and interdisciplinary scholars share a field of inquiry, terms must be defined so that there is a common understanding of key concepts to guide research. Similarly, applied knowledge requires accepted definitions of terms so that a cohesive message can be disseminated. The “Glossary for Cultural Transformation: The Language of Partnership and Domination” defines key terms related to cultural transformation and the partnership/domination continuum, to provide a resource for research, practice, and community applications of Riane Eisler’s partnership paradigm.

Erratum

Issued March 15, 2016. On page 21, the definition of "Matrilineal, matrifocal, matristic, matrilocal" should read:

Matrilineal, matrifocal, matristic, matrilocal: Matrilineal refers to societies in which descent and inheritance are traced for children in terms of their mother rather than their father. In family organizations, matrifocal and matristic mean mother-centered; these families are generally also matrilocal, meaning that both daughters and sons reside in their mothers’ households, and of men entering into women’s family houses or villages upon marriage. According to Eisler, the shift from matriliny to patriliny played a major role in establishing dominator social and sexual relations which led to the invention of one-sided monogamy, along with prostitution, adultery, and illegitimacy, as well as the harsh punishment of women for any sexual and personal independence, along with the institutionalization and glorification of warfare.
Findings from the Caring International Research Collaborative: Using Caring Science To Assess and Support Food Sustainability Systems for Women Living with HIV/AIDS in a Village in Cameroon
Authors: Moffor Relindis Oyebog , Nelson Jared , Jahn Molly , Nelson John
Published: January 2018

This study proposes Caring Science as an innovative way to facilitate food systems sustainability in areas of the world that continue to suffer from food insecurity and food shortages. An interdisciplinary group that included a nurse, an agronomist, an environmentalist, and a statistical analyst collaborated to study food sustainability in a village in Bambui, Cameroon. The village was composed of only women and children, and all the women were diagnosed with HIV/AIDS. This interdisciplinary approach not only met the food needs of the village, but, within the assessment process, identified other needs as well. This interdisciplinary approach facilitated holistic assessment of food, finances, personal self-worth and health.
Themes in Health Care Culture: Application of Cultural Transformation Theory
Authors: Kennedy Oehlert Julie
Published: January 2018

Key aspects of culture change include familiarizing oneself with how relationships are structured and encouraging an awareness of how people relate to one another on a domination/partnership continuum (Eisler & Potter, 2014). In 2013, 200 nurse leaders were asked to rate their own cultures on a continuum of domination to partnership based on Eisler’s Cultural Transformation Theory (1987). Of those nurse leaders, 37.5% rated their organizations as being closer to a domination culture than a partnership culture. These findings prompted the development and delivery of a webinar series that applied Cultural Transformation Theory to healthcare culture. The attendees noted an overall change in self-rating of their healthcare culture as they learned about domination and partnership culture. This shift in rating could indicate Cultural Transformation Theory’s usefulness in understanding healthcare culture, and in identifying domination and partnership relationships. In discussions during the webinar three themes emerged: 1) Healthcare culture inclines toward domination and this has an impact on patients, 2) Leadership impacts organizational culture, and 3) Leaders are unaware of domination tendencies within their own cultures. Further discussion is needed to identify strategies that support cultural changes, ultimately leading to improvements in safety, quality, and patient experience within healthcare.
A Conversation with Jennifer Buffett: The Power of Philanthropy to Transform Cultures
Authors: Eisler Riane
Published: January 2018

IJPS Editor-in-Chief Riane Eisler talks with Jennifer Buffett, co-president of the NoVo Foundation, about her ideas, her life, and the role of philanthropy in the cultural transformation toward partnership.
Lessons from Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology for a Partnership Society
Authors: Levine Daniel
Published: January 2018

This century has seen explosive growth in our knowledge about the human brain and mind due to recent advances in neuroscience, experimental psychology, and neural network modeling, and convergence between those fields. The scientific findings that have emerged confirm that humans have evolved for partnership and cooperation at least as much as they have evolved for domination and competition. Moreover, the findings suggest that partnership interactions promote optimal brain functioning.
Artist's Statement: Upwelling: Underwater Garden
Authors: Schillace Ellen
Published: January 2018

Artist's Statement for the cover art of IJPS volume 3, issue 1: Upwelling: Underwater Garden, 2014. Acrylic on canvas.
Collaboration Guidelines to Transform Culture
Authors: Heslop Benjamin , Bailey Kylie , Paul Jonathan , Drew Antony , Smith Roger
Published: January 2018

Positive-sum behaviour arises when people expect a benefit from cooperation. This article argues that positive-sum behaviours give rise to a fairer, more civilized society; however, adoption of these behaviours is impeded by their complexity. For example, others’ actions may seem unpredictable, while individual benefit may seem intangible. Consequently, adoption of positive-sum behaviours could be encouraged by explicit instructions. This article proposes guidelines and outcomes for healthy collaboration, which is a positive-sum behaviour.
Getting Back on Track to Being Human
Authors: Narvaez Darcia
Published: January 2018

Cooperation and compassion are forms of intelligence. Their lack is an indication of ongoing stress or toxic stress during development that undermined the usual growth of compassion capacities. Though it is hard to face at first awareness, humans in the dominant culture tend to be pretty unintelligent compared to those from societies that existed sustainably for thousands, sometimes tens of thousands, of years. Whereas in sustainable societies everyone must learn to cooperate with earth’s systems to survive and thrive, in the dominant culture this is no longer the case. Now due to technological advances that do not take into account the long-term welfare of earth systems, humans have become “free riders” until these systems collapse from abuse or misuse. The dominant human culture, a “weed species,” has come to devastate planetary ecosystems in a matter of centuries. What do we do to return ourselves to living as earth creatures, as one species among many in community? Humanity needs to restore lost capacities—relational attunement and communal imagination—whose loss occurs primarily in cultures dominated by child-raising practices and ways of thinking that undermine cooperative companionship and a sense of partnership that otherwise develops from the beginning of life. To plant the seeds of cooperation, democracy, and partnership, we need to provide the evolved nest to children, and facilitate the development of ecological attachment to their landscape. This will take efforts at the individual, policy, and institutional levels.
A Conversation with Ruah Swennerfelt: The Transition Movement and People of Faith
Authors: Eisler Riane
Published: January 2018

Riane Eisler talks with Ruah Swennerfelt, author of Rising to the Challenge: The Transition Movement and People of Faith and president of the Transition Town Charlotte board, about the role of faith and faith communities in the Transition Town Movement, dedicated to localized ways of living in harmony with our Earth.
From Domination to a Caring Ecology: Healing Paradigms and Creative Practices for the Apprenticene
Authors: Brigham Jonee Kulman
Published: January 2018

This article explores, in four main sections, the idea of designing and applying human-environment paradigms. First, Caring Ecology criteria for human-environment paradigms are proposed that combine the principles of caring in Partnership Studies, with compatible ecological conceptions of humans’ dependent and integrated relationship within Earth systems. Next, these criteria are used to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of five environmental paradigms which sets the stage for the following section critiquing the current “Anthropocene” paradigm and proposing a counter-paradigm: the “Apprenticene.” Paradigms suggest roles and actions and “Apprenticene Practices” are proposed, calling for humans to see our dependence on Earth systems, heal our story as we accept past failures, and learn by apprenticing ourselves to the Earth system. Finally, these Apprenticene Practices are illustrated in an example of a creative practice called Earth Systems Journey that engages youth with an integrated experience of their human-natural environment. The paper concludes with reflections on how Partnership Studies and ecological principles can work together to support a thriving future for humans and the rest of nature.
A Conversation with Sally Coxe: A Primate Partnership Culture
Authors: Eisler Riane
Published: January 2018

IJPS Editor-in-Chief Riane Eisler talks with Sally Coxe, founding director of the Bonobo Conservation Initiative (BCI), dedicated to protecting these uniquely peaceful primates who share more than 98 percent of our human species’ genes and are on the brink of extinction, as well as protecting their rainforest home.
Enhancing the Impact of Research: Experimenting with Network Leadership Strategies to Grow a Vibrant Nature-Based Learning Research Network
Authors: Jordan Catherine , Charles Cheryl , Cleary Avery
Published: January 2018

Research can fall short of having societal impact due to traditions of the research enterprise as well as the perceptions of researchers about their appropriate role. What if researchers saw their work as part of a social movement to make change, and the research enterprise was designed to encourage that view and to facilitate relevance, rigor, activation of research, and a collaborative approach to address research questions aligned with a common goal? What would such a research enterprise look like? In this article, we describe the application of “network leadership strategies” to develop a “generative, social-impact network” to support the efforts of a nature-based learning research network to advance knowledge of the natural environment's impact on children's learning and educational outcomes. The activities and achievements of the nature-based learning research network are examined through the lens of network-building approaches aiming to create social impact. Though inspired by and grounded in these approaches, the reality is that certain constraints influenced our ability to function collaboratively as a generative, social-impact network and to fully realize the potential of this approach. We describe these challenges and offer recommendations for other researchers interested in enhancing the social impact of research.
Cover Art: River's Edge: Downward, Outward, Upward
Authors: Brigham Jonee Kulman
Published: January 2018

Artist's Statement for the cover art of IJPS volume 4, issue 3: River's Edge: Downward, Outward, Upward, 2015. Mixed Media: photograph, inkjet printed on presentation matte of colored pencil over photograph.
A MAÇONARIA EM PERNAMBUCO E AS CONDIÇÕES DE ESCRITA DE SUA HISTÓRIA
Authors: Silva Giselda Brito , De Oliveira Carmem Lopes
Published: January 2018

O presente trabalho trata das atuais condições de escrita da história da maçonaria em Pernambuco, destacando as abordagens mais em voga, as fontes impressas, orais, imagéticas e virtuais hoje disponíveis aos pesquisadores do tema. No trabalho, também procuramos destacar alguns posicionamentos historiográficos acerca dos estudos da maçonaria no Brasil e aspectos mais centrais de sua atuação na sociedade.
MÚSICA É IDENTIDADE! ELEMENTOS DE (RE)CONSTRUÇÃO NA ROMARIA AO DIVINO PAI ETERNO
Authors: Ecco Clóvis , Martins Filho José Reinaldo Felipe
Published: January 2018

Este artigo discute a relação entre os catolicismos “oficial” e “popular”. Para isso, toma a música como interface articuladora de dimensões como fé e vida, valendo-se do projeto de reconstrução da identidade da Romaria ao Divino Pai Eterno empreendido através da composição de um repertório litúrgico que leva em conta a música popular goiana como fonte primordial de inspiração. Desse modo, as análises que seguem tomam como objeto excertos escolhidos dos manuscritos que integram o caderno Deus vivo e verdadeiro, composto por Wallison Rodrigues, realçando a possibilidade de uma leitura conciliadora entre os polos da liturgia e do devocionalismo. Trata-se de uma discussão paralela à pesquisa que mantemos em curso, cujo horizonte de interesses visa o papel da música como constituinte da identidade dos catolicismos populares em Goiás – com resultados que envolvem não apenas a devoção ao Divino Pai Eterno, realizada no município de Trindade, mas também outros expoentes da religiosidade goiana.
OS BISPO DA PROVÍNCIA ECLESIÁSTICA PAULISTA E O PROTESTANTISMO DE MISSÃO
Authors: Freitas Nainora Maria Barbosa de
Published: January 2018

Este texto analisa alguns aspectos da ação dos bispos da Província Eclesiástica Paulista diante do que a hierarquia da Igreja católica considerava como uma ameaça: o avanço do protestantismo e suas diferentes denominações. As primeiras décadas do século XX, após a separação do Estado com a Igreja, a liberdade de culto permitiu a inserção cada vez maior dos protestantes sob protestos da Igreja católica.
Cuidado enfermero a usuario con Cardiopatía Isquémica mediante la interrelación de las Taxonomías NANDA, NIC y NOC
Authors: Robles Pérez Alondra , Jesús Hernández Yuridia , Quintero Monterrubio Reyna
Published: January 2018

La disminución del flujo sanguíneo en las arterias coronarias es debida casi siempre a la aterosclerosis, que provoca una isquemia en el que parte del miocardio recibe una cantidad insuficiente de sangre y oxígeno, lo que conlleva a una cardiopatía isquémica. Se integra una valoración de enfermería constituida por once patrones funcionales de salud de M. Gordon, donde se anexan diagnósticos enfermeros y problemas de colaboración, además de intervenciones de enfermería fundamentales para la práctica asistencia de la profesión.
Caracterización de la cadena de valor del maíz
Authors: Santana Robles Francisca , Granillo Macías Rafael , Espinoza Sánchez Frida Ivonne , Aguilar Ortega Juan Carlos , Ortega Zavala José Guadalupe
Published: January 2018

El maíz es uno de los principales cultivos a nivel mundial debido a su importancia en el consumo humano, alimentación de ganado y uso industrial. Sin embargo, presenta grandes retos debido a la escasez de recursos para su cultivo; además, existe la necesidad de nuevas herramientas y métodos para poder mejorar su rendimiento. En este trabajo, se realiza un análisis del comportamiento de la producción a nivel mundial y nacional; además, se identifican los eslabones que conforman la cadena de valor, así como atributos de sustentabilidad y gobernanza. La metodología utilizada es descriptiva con enfoque cualitativo, con información obtenida de fuentes nacionales e internacionales.
La mecánica del hueso. Una revisión de los modelos de remodelación óseo
Authors: Flores Rentería Miguel Ángel , Ortiz Domínguez Martín , Cruz Avilés Arturo , López Sánchez Francisco
Published: January 2018

El hueso, al igual que las demás estructuras biológicas se adaptan continuamente a su entorno físico, se ha

aceptado ampliamente que el tejido óseo responde a la estimulación mecánica, se reabsorbe en regiones

expuestas a estímulos mecánicos de baja intensidad, mientras que se renueva donde estos son altos. Se cree

que el proceso de adaptación permite al hueso realizar sus funciones mecánicas con un mínimo de masa.

A partir de esta idea muchos modelos teóricos para la remodelación ósea utilizan este concepto como parte

de la estrategia para simular la adaptación estructural ósea.

Lo que implican la existencia de un estado de equilibrio donde la estructura ósea se adapta al medio ambiente.

Esto ha dado origen al desarrollo de modelos computacionales que, por una parte, suponen una estructura trabecular isotrópica, cuyos resultados muestran las similitudes en la distribución de densidad del hueso in vivo, aun así se considera que no es posible obtener una solución convergente, por otra parte se han desarrollado modelos considerando la naturaleza anisotrópica del hueso trabecular en el nivel continuo haciendo uso de los principios de optimización; Sin embargo, a pesar de las similitudes con el comportamiento

real, los modelos, representan simplemente una abstracción matemática de la arquitectura trabecular.

El objetivo de este trabajo es mostrar los modelos de adaptación ósea que emplean una a proximación

matemáticos para caracterizar las propiedades mecánicas de la estructura del hueso.
Estrategias de crecimiento en una recesión económica
Authors: González Hernández Isidro Jesús , Granillo Macías Rafael
Published: January 2018

Una recesión económica independientemente de la intensidad, alcance y tamaño provoca un fuerte aumento de los precios que van desde los alimentos a la energía, además de reducir el valor del petróleo crudo por barril. Esto significa que los países no alcanzan el equilibrio financiero y el crecimiento económico. Sin embargo, en cualquier economía, la inversión extranjera y el crecimiento económico dependen de las palancas institucionales y de las acciones de otros actores económicos. El crecimiento económico sostenible implica un papel importante que se concede a la innovación y al progreso tecnológico del país. Por lo tanto, la mejor estrategia para las economías en desarrollo es encontrar su camino en los sistemas de producción de las cadenas mundiales de valor y desarrollar mejores capacidades industriales y tecnológicas locales.
Análisis físico-químicos en mermeladas elaboradas a base de nopal (Opuntia ficus indica) y aguamiel enriquecidas con harina de chía (Salvia hispanica L.)
Authors: Gutiérrez Fernández Ana Karen , Güemes Vera Norma , Piloni Martini Javier , Quintero Lira Aurora
Published: January 2018

Uno de los productos de consumo masivo más conocidos y aceptados en el mundo son las mermeladas; son de fácil elaboración, existen de diversos tipos y se elaboran en base a distintas frutas. El análisis fisicoquímico de los alimentos, es uno de los aspectos principales en el aseguramiento de su calidad. Ya que es importante en la determinación del valor nutricional, en el control del cumplimiento de los parámetros exigidos por los organismos de salud pública y también para el estudio de las posibles irregularidades como adulteraciones; tanto en alimentos terminados como en sus materias primas. Por lo anterior se plantea el siguiente trabajo de investigación donde el objetivo fue determinar las características físico-químicas que se presentan en las mermeladas elaboradas a base de nopal (Opuntia ficus indica) y aguamiel enriquecidas con harina de chía (Salvia hispanica L.) en diferentes concentraciones (0,1, 2, 3 y 5%) en comparación con una mermelada elaborada a base de nopal (Opuntia ficus indica), pectina, sacarosa y ácido cítrico; a las cuales se les determinó humedad, cenizas, grasa, fibra, proteína, acidez, pH y Aw. La mermelada adicionada con el 5% de harina de chía presentó los mejores resultados (cenizas 14.42%, grasa 0.21%, fibra 1.46% y proteína 7%) con respecto a los otros tratamientos.
Détermination de la peine dans le système de justice pénale pour adolescents : examen des dilemmes éthiques vécus par les acteurs judiciaires québécois
Authors: Linteau Isabelle , Lafortune Denis , Leclerc Chloé
Published: January 2018

La détermination de la peine est à la base une décision complexe, et ce, particulièrement sous le régime de la Loi sur le système de justice pénale pour les adolescents. Elle implique la prise en compte de facteurs multiples et requiert un équilibre entre des principes et des finalités qui, dans certaines circonstances, peuvent sembler conflictuels, en plus de faire l'objet de certains débats. Les acteurs judiciaires qui ont à se prononcer sur la peine au tribunal sont donc susceptibles de faire face à des dilemmes éthiques. L'objectif de cette étude est de mieux comprendre ces derniers. Pour ce faire, des entretiens semi-dirigés ont été menés auprès d'un échantillon de 31 acteurs judiciaires, dans sept régions administratives du Québec. L'analyse de contenu a fait ressortir trois grandes catégories de situations menant à l'apparition de dilemmes éthiques. Ces derniers reflètent surtout un conflit entre, d'une part, l'imposition d'une sanction juste et, d'autre part, l'objectif de réadaptation et de réinsertion sociale. Cette étude apporte un éclairage sur la nature des dilemmes vécus et les situations dans lesquelles ils apparaissent. Celles à venir devront explorer leur résolution.
The Evolution(s) of Wilfrid Laurier University Press: Toward Library–University Press Integration
Authors: Quinn Lisa , Innerd Charlotte
Published: January 2018

In March 2015, Wilfrid Laurier University administration announced that Wilfrid Laurier University Press (WLU Press) would be integrating with the Laurier Library. Media coverage of this announcement has been mixed and is an indication of the ambivalent response to library–press collaborations or integrations, in both the university press and library communities. This article considers the case of WLU Press at its current early stage of integration, discussing this transformation not necessarily as ‘progress' but as one response to a rapidly shifting scholarly environment. By examining the pressure points of the negotiations to merge the press and the library at Wilfrid Laurier University, this article considers the question of how to maximize opportunities and minimize the potential negative impacts of such integration. For such a partnership to be successful, both partners must be willing to evaluate their business models, their core missions within the scholarly ecosystem and the market-place, and their ways of measuring professionalization and success.
The Social Text and Networked Knowledge: New Modes of Scholarly Book Publishing in Indigenous Studies
Authors: Cullen Darcy , Bell Allan
Published: January 2018

Initiatives in the digital humanities; advances in library, archiving, and information sciences; and innovative First Nations community-based language and cultural heritage projects demand that the scholarly communications infrastructure evolve to improve access to and mobilize knowledge in its written, oral, and visual forms. The field of Indigenous studies raises interesting challenges and opportunities for multimodal publishing and for new kinds of partnerships to support research and publication. This paper discusses the collaborative efforts of the University of British Columbia Press, University of British Columbia Library, and University of Washington Press to develop a dynamic new resource for Indigenous research, education, and cultural programs, which places the scholarly book at its centre. It considers the changing nature of scholarly publishing, the expanding definition of the scholarly record, and the specific context of cultural heritage projects.
The Scholarly Publishing Community Should Support Changes to US Copyright Law
Authors: Greco Albert N.
Published: January 2018

US copyright law protects authors and publishers. The law has not been updated in decades despite dramatic changes in the production and distribution of printed and digital scholarly books and articles. What was the evolution of current copyright law? What calls for copyright reform are now gaining traction? Where should the scholarly publishing community come down on the question of reform? This paper provides some recommendations in response to these questions.
Bobble-head doll syndrome: report of 2 cases and a review of the literature, with video documentation of the clinical phenomenon
Authors: Renne Bryan , Rueckriegel Stefan , Ramachandran Sudheesh , Radic Julia , Steinbok Paul , Singhal Ash
Published: January 2018

Bobble-head doll syndrome (BHDS) is a rare pediatric movement disorder presenting with involuntary 2- to 3-Hz head movements. Common signs and symptoms also found on presentation include macrocephaly, ataxia, developmental delay, optic disc pallor or atrophy, hyperreflexia, tremor, obesity, endocrinopathy, visual disturbance or impairment, headache, and vomiting, among others. The syndrome is associated with suprasellar cysts, third ventricular cysts, or aqueductal obstruction, along with a few other less common conditions. The cause of involuntary head motions is not understood. Treatment is surgical. The authors present 2 cases of BHDS. The first is a 14-year-old boy with BHDS associated with aqueductal obstruction and triventricular hydrocephalus secondary to a tectal tumor. He was successfully treated by endoscopic third ventriculostomy, and all symptoms resolved immediately in the recovery room. This case is unusual in its late age of symptom onset, the primacy of lateral (“no-no”) involuntary head rotations, and the associated tectal tumor. The second case is a 7.5-year-old girl with BHDS associated with a suprasellar cyst. She was successfully treated with an endoscopic fenestration but preexisting endocrinopathy persisted, and the patient was diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder at age 12 years. This second case is more typical of BHDS. A comprehensive and up-to-date review of the literature of BHDS and video documentation of the phenomenon are presented.
The Meaning of Uncertainty: Debating Climate Change in the Gilded-Age United States
Authors: Giacomelli Joseph
Published: January 2018

Scholars of American history have sometimes characterised late nineteenth-century theories about anthropogenic climate change as testaments to Manifest Destiny hubris and runaway boosterism. But many Gilded-Age climate theorists acknowledged both the uncertainty of their scientific claims and their ambivalence toward capitalist development and its influence on climates and landscapes. Gustavus Hinrichs, George Curtis, and other climate thinkers invoked uncertainty for a wide range of reasons. Sometimes they voiced frustration at their inability to grasp the mysterious agencies shaping climatic change. At other times, they embraced uncertainty as a key component of modern science. This article examines the role of scientific and cultural uncertainty in late nineteenth-century debates about climate and environment. The writings produced over the course of these debates reveal a series of tensions and dialectics at the core of nineteenth-century culture: tensions between visions of environmental utopia and fears of degradation and catastrophe, between positivist science and insecurity about the illusory nature of scientific knowledge, between the confident rhetoric of Manifest Destiny and a persistent ambivalence about the tenability of extractive capitalism.
Transglutaminase 2 Promotes Migration and Invasion of Lung Cancer Cells
Authors: Lee Hung-Tsung , Huang Cheng-Hsieh , Chen Wuan-Chun , Tsai Chi-Shan , Chao Yu-Lin , Liu Szu-Han , Chen Jun-Hong , Wu Yi-Ying , Lee Yi-Ju
Published: January 2018

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Given that the major threat of cancer is metastasis, delineation of the molecular mechanism underlying it would help devise therapeutic strategies. Transglutaminase 2 (TG2), belonging to the transglutaminase superfamily, is
a versatile protein with enzymatic and nonenzymatic functions. It mainly localizes inside the cell, but also appears extracellularly. Recent findings have demonstrated the involvement of TG2 in cancer development. Here we examine the role of TG2 in metastasis of lung cancer using a lung cancer
cell line CL1-0, which exhibits low invasiveness, and its invasive subline CL1-5. Our results show that CL1-5 cells express a higher amount of TG2 than CL1-0 cells. Overexpression of TG2 in CL1-0 enhances cell migration and invasion, and lowering TG2 expression in CL1-5 cells reduces their
ability to do so. The transamidase activity of TG2 is not required since cells expressing the inactive TG2 mutant or treated with a TG2 inhibitor are still able to migrate and invade. TG2-stimulated migration and invasion are, at least in part, mediated by Rac, as inhibition of Rac activity
suppresses cell migration and invasion. Lastly, exogenous application of recombinant TG2 protein to CL1-0 cells substantially augments cell migration and invasion, suggesting the significance of extracellular TG2 in promoting these events. Collectively, our results show that TG2 plays a positive role in cell migration and invasion, and this might help metastasis of lung cancer cells.
Observational Evidence for Self-generation of Small-scale Magnetic Flux Ropes from Intermittent Solar Wind Turbulence
Authors: Zheng Jinlei , Hu Qiang
Published: January 2018

We present unique and additional observational evidence for the self-generation of small-scale coherent magnetic flux rope structures in the solar wind. Such structures with durations between 9 and 361 minutes are identified from Wind in situ spacecraft measurements through the Grad–Shafranov (GS) reconstruction approach. The event occurrence counts are on the order of 3500 per year on average and have a clear solar-cycle dependence. We build a database of small-scale magnetic flux ropes from 20 yr worth of Wind spacecraft data. We show a power-law distribution of the wall-to-wall time corresponding well to the inertial range turbulence, which agrees with relevant observations and numerical simulation results. We also provide the axial current density distribution from the GS-based observational analysis, which yields a non-Gaussian probability density function consistent with numerical simulation results.
Regularized Biot–Savart Laws for Modeling Magnetic Flux Ropes
Authors: Titov Viacheslav S. , Downs Cooper , Mikić Zoran , Török Tibor , Linker Jon A. , Caplan Ronald M.
Published: January 2018

Many existing models assume that magnetic flux ropes play a key role in solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). It is therefore important to develop efficient methods for constructing flux-rope configurations constrained by observed magnetic data and the morphology of the pre-eruptive source region. For this purpose, we have derived and implemented a compact analytical form that represents the magnetic field of a thin flux rope with an axis of arbitrary shape and circular cross-sections. This form implies that the flux rope carries axial current I and axial flux F, so that the respective magnetic field is the curl of the sum of axial and azimuthal vector potentials proportional to I and F, respectively. We expressed the vector potentials in terms of modified Biot–Savart laws, whose kernels are regularized at the axis in such a way that, when the axis is straight, these laws define a cylindrical force-free flux rope with a parabolic profile for the axial current density. For the cases we have studied so far, we determined the shape of the rope axis by following the polarity inversion line of the eruptions’ source region, using observed magnetograms. The height variation along the axis and other flux-rope parameters are estimated by means of potential-field extrapolations. Using this heuristic approach, we were able to construct pre-eruption configurations for the 2009 February 13 and 2011 October 1 CME events. These applications demonstrate the flexibility and efficiency of our new method for energizing pre-eruptive configurations in simulations of CMEs.
Penser la relation avec les parents pour les bébés placés : le protocole « Maintien du lien »
Authors: Deprez Alexandra , Wendland Jaqueline
Published: January 2018

Les effets du contact entre les enfants placés pour leur protection et leurs parents sont sujets à de nombreux débats. Cette question est encore plus aigüe quand il s’agit de bébés placés, du fait de la phase particulière du développement dans laquelle l’enfant se trouve. Après un bref survol des apports de la recherche à la compréhension de l’importance des trois premières années de la vie pour le développement socio-émotionnel de l’individu, cet article se propose de présenter le « protocole Maintien du lien » dont l’objectif est de pouvoir documenter le vécu du bébé lors des visites parentales et de faciliter pour les professionnels de terrain, la prise de décision dans l’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant, dans un contexte toujours complexe.
Pourquoi les enfants adoptables se trouvent-ils seulement au tiers-monde ?
Authors: Cirillo Stefano
Published: January 2018

Cet article aborde la question suivante : pourquoi est-il si difficile de trouver un enfant à adopter en Europe alors que cela permettrait d’éviter de nombreuses difficultés ultérieures qui compliqueront le processus de filiation adoptive. En particulier, cela permettrait à bien des enfants européens de ne pas entrer dans le triste cheminement du placement.
En institutions, on n’est pas obligé de subir sa vie
Authors: Vander Borght Christine , Bougheriou Philippe , Cornil Maurice , Heunders Céline
Published: January 2018

Que ce soit dans le sous-système des intervenants entre eux ou dans leurs interactions avec les patients, nous cherchons à mettre en évidence des pratiques innovantes afin d’initier un changement dans les boucles répétitives qui emprisonnent les différents protagonistes. L’accent se porte à chaque fois sur le développement d’outils de pensée, le renforcement de l’estime de soi ou la prise de responsabilité par chacun des acteurs. Une enveloppe institutionnelle structurante et sécurisante constitue un préalable au développement de ces pratiques de médiations.
« La vie en bleu ». La construction de l’engagement organisationnel des cadres d’une enseigne de la grande distribution d’articles de sport
Authors: Dalla Pria Yan , Leroux Nathalie
Published: January 2018

Cet article traite de l’engagement organisationnel des cadres en magasin dans la grande distribution d’articles de sport. À partir d’une enquête menée dans sept magasins Décathlon, le sentiment quasi fusionnel d’identification à l’enseigne qui anime une majorité d’entre eux est analysé. Ce mode de construction de l’engagement organisationnel, qui articule promesse de carrière, responsabilisation individuelle et mobilisation du sport témoigne d’un type original de régénération du système de production capitaliste.
Évaluer l’efficience des dispositifs socio-sportifs : de la fausse pertinence technologique à l’innovation sociale de compétition
Authors: Brisset Lucie
Published: January 2018

L’article analyse les résistances et effets auxquels donne lieu l’évaluation d’un dispositif d’insertion par le sport et son instrumentation. L’ethnographie de la co-construction et des usages d’un « carnet de bord » montre comment cet instrument à finalités gestionnaires et technocratiques est détourné en référentiel du métier d’éducateur « socio-sportif ». Il permet en outre de normaliser et réguler, mais aussi d’institutionnaliser et rationaliser le dispositif et sa « gouvernance territoriale », tout en exerçant un contrôle infrapolitique sur l’activité professionnelle de ses « metteurs en œuvre ».