bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sinking fate and carbon export of zooplankton fecal pellets: insights from time-series sediment trap observation in the northern South China Sea
Authors: Wang Hanxiao , Liu Zhifei , Li Jiaying , Lin Baozhi , Zhao Yulong , Zhang Xiaodong , Cao Junyuan , Zhang Jingwen , Song Hongzhe , Wang Wenzhuo
Published: July 2023

Abstract. The sinking of zooplankton fecal pellets is a key process in the marine biological carbon pump, facilitating the export of particulate organic carbon (POC). Here, we analyzed zooplankton fecal pellets collected by two time-series sediment traps deployed on mooring TJ-A1B in the northern South China Sea (SCS) from May 2021 to May 2022. The results show a seasonal variability in both fecal pellet numerical (FPN) flux and fecal pellet carbon (FPC) flux, with peaks in November to April and June to August. It implies that the fecal pellet flux is largely regulated by the East Asian monsoon system. Vertical analysis further shows that FPN and FPC fluxes are higher at 1970 m than at 500 m water depth, with larger pellets occurring in the deeper water, indicating a significant influence of mesopelagic/bathypelagic zooplankton community and lateral transport on deep-sea fecal pellet carbon export. However, the biovolume of amorphous pellets decreases significantly from 500 m to 1970 m water depth, implying that these fecal pellets are broken and fragmented during the sinking process, possibly due to zooplankton grazing and disturbance by deep-sea currents. The contribution of fecal pellets to total POC export in the northern SCS is in average 3.4 % and 1.9 % at 500 m and 1970 m water depths, respectively. This study highlights that the sinking fate of fecal pellets is regulated by marine surface productivity, deep-dwelling zooplankton community, and deep-sea currents in the tropical marginal sea, thus providing a new perspective for exploring the carbon cycle in the world ocean.
Magmatic underplating associated with Proterozoic basin formation: insights from gravity study over the southern margin of Bundelkhand craton, India
Authors: Mukherjee Ananya P. , Mandal Animesh
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Extension tectonics responsible for intracratonic rift basin formation are often the consequences of active or passive tectonic regimes. The present work puts forth a plume-related rifting mechanism for the creation and evolution of two Proterozoic sedimentary basins outlining the Bundelkhand craton, namely the Bijawar and Vindhyan basins. Using global gravity data, a regional scale study is performed over the region encompassing the southern boundary of the Bundelkhand craton consisting of Bijawar basin, Vindhyan basin and Deccan basalt outcrops. The gravity highs in the central part of the observed Bouguer gravity anomaly as well as the upward continued regional anomaly, derived from global gravity grid data, suggests that the Vindhyan sedimentary basin overlies a deeper high-density crustal source. The deepest interface as obtained from the radially averaged power spectrum analysis is observed to occur at a depth of ~30.3 km, indicating that the sources responsible for the observed gravity signatures occur at larger depths. 3D inversion of Bouguer gravity anomaly data based on Parker-Oldenburg’s algorithm revealed the Moho depth of ~32 km below the Vindhyan basin, i.e., south of the craton. 2D crustal models along two selected profiles showcase a thick underplated layer with maximum thickness of ~12 km beneath the southern part of the Bundelkhand craton. The inferred large E–W trending underplating and deciphered shallower Moho beneath the regions south of the exposed Bundelkhand craton points to crustal thinning compensated by magmatic emplacement due to a Paleoproterozoic plume activity below the craton margin.
Employing the Generalized Pareto Distribution to Analyze Extreme Rainfall Events on Consecutive Rainy Days in Thailand's Chi Watershed: Implications for Flood Management
Authors: Phoophiwfa Tossapol , Chomphuwiset Prapawan , Prahadchai Thanawan , Park Jeong-Soo , Apichottanakul Arthit , Theppang Watchara , Busababodhin Piyapatr
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Extreme rainfall events in the Chi watershed of Thailand have significant implications for the safe and economic design of engineered structures and effective reservoir management. This study investigates the characteristics of extreme rainfall events in the Chi watershed, Northeast Thailand, and their implications for flood risk management. We apply extreme value theory to historical maximum cumulative rainfall data for consecutive rainy days from 1984 to 2018. The Generalized Pareto Distribution (GPD) was used to model the extreme rainfall data, with the parameters estimated using Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE) and Linear Moment Estimator (L-ME) methods based on specific conditions. The goodness-of-fit tests confirm the suitability of the GPD for the data, with p-values exceeding 0.05. Our findings reveal that certain regions, notably Udon Thani, Chaiyaphum, Maha Sarakham, Tha Phra Agromet, Roi Et, and Sisaket provinces, show the highest return levels for consecutive 2-day (CONS-2) and 3-day (CONS-3) rainfall. These results underscore the heightened risk of flash flooding in these regions, even with short periods of continuous rainfall. Based on our findings, we developed 2D return level maps using the Q-geographic information system (Q-GIS) program, providing a visual tool to assist with flood risk management. The study offers valuable insights for designing effective flood management strategies and highlights the need for considering extreme rainfall events in water management and planning. Future research could extend our findings through spatial correlation analysis and the use of copula functions. Overall, this study emphasizes the importance of preparing for extreme rainfall events, particularly in the era of climate change, to mitigate potential flood-related damage.
Ciudad y sociedad contemporánea. Enfoques, prácticas y reflexiones desde su comprensión territorial
Authors: Sousa González Eduardo
Published: July 2023

El propósito del presente proyecto editorial se enfoca en la profundización teórica y la aplicación práctica de lo urbano-metropolitano, visualizando a este espacio "sui generis" desde la óptica de múltiples investigaciones científicas, originales e inéditas, las cuales lo explican no sólo desde las diferentes orientaciones disciplinares aplicadas en el "locus typicus" de cada copartícipe; sino también a partir de la utilización de variadas metodologías operativas, vinculadas a la línea de investigación de cada autor. Dicho sea de paso, todos los capítulos incluidos están firmados por académicos-investigadores de carrera, los cuales cuentan con una amplia y probada experiencia en su línea disciplinar de investigación. Para el propósito inicialmente declarado, se evidencia que todos los capítulos contenidos en este libro están concebidos por científicos expertos, quienes cuentan con sendas certificaciones, entre ellas, la del Sistema Nacional de Investigadores del CONAHCYT, México. El cuerpo de autores es el siguiente: Dr. Eduardo Sousa González, Dr. Jorge Gasca Salas, Dr. Carlos E. Flores Rodríguez, Dr. Raymundo Ramos Delgado, Dr. Mario Alberto Jurado Montelongo, Dra. Rebeca Moreno Zúñiga, Dr. Carlos Montero Pantoja, Dra. Yesenia Hernández García, Dra. Ana Cristina García Luna Romero, Dra. Elfide Mariela Rivas Gómez y el Dr. Carlos Estuardo Aparicio Moreno. Finalmente, se tiene la certeza de que no solamente el investigador vinculado a la temática de la ciudad o la metrópoli encontrará una diversidad de posiciones teóricas y de estudio de caso; seguramente, otros lectores descubrirán también un tópico de interés con una visión original, interdisciplinar y sobre todo de actualidad sobre estas concentraciones humanas.
Session 1 (Part 1) - Making the most of Next Generation Scientists (a panel discussion)
Authors: Knowlton Anne , Ng Carl , Sperschneider Jana , Öpik Maarja , Lennon Sarah
Published: July 2023

This panel session and Q A will introduce the Next Generation Scientists Symposium, and how you as a delegate can make the most of your time, as well as additional career insights and perspectives.

Alistair Hetherington will chair the discussions.
Session 4
Authors: Huong To Thi Mai , Wang Han-Qing
Published: July 2023

Exploring the hidden half - A surprising role of a plasmodesmal protein controlling the root development in rice under abiotic stress

In plants, the root system plays many important roles, including anchorage, water, and mineral uptake, and responding to environmental signals. The mechanisms underlying root system development are complex and involve many phytohormones of which auxin is the most important one. However, the role of plant stress hormone Jasmonic acid in root development remained elusive. Here, we report that Jasmonic acid promotes crown root development in rice by regulating OsGER4, a Germin-like protein. This gene was discovered by a Genome-Wide Association Study while observing the increase of crown root under Jasmonic acid-stimulated stress. OsGER4 was confirmed to be a hormone-responsive gene involved in various stress responses and its expression coincided with the auxin distribution pattern for lateral root initiation and crown root emergence. Further studies revealed that OsGER4 is targeted in plasmodesmata, suggesting how OsGER4 could be involved in regulating plasmodesmata permeability to regulate the auxin flow as a part of stress responses that results in changes in root development. Overall, the study provides significant novel insights on auxin homeostasis via uncharted roots through plasmodesmata with the involvement of OsGER4 during root formation in rice under perturbation conditions.

Rice roots avoid asymmetric heavy metal and salinity stress via a RBOH-ROS-auxin signaling cascade

Root developmental plasticity is critical for plants to adapt to changing soil environment, where nutrients and abiotic stress factors are distributed heterogeneously. How plant roots sense and avoid heterogeneous abiotic stress in soil remains unclear. Here, we show that, in response to asymmetric stress of heavy metals (Cd, Cu or Pb) and salt (NaCl), rice roots rapidly proliferate lateral root branching in the stress-free area, thereby remodeling root architecture to avoid localized stress. Imaging and quantitative analyses of reactive oxygen species (ROS) show that asymmetric stress induces ROS burst in the tips of the exposed roots, simultaneously triggering rapid systemic ROS signaling to the unexposed roots, which is prerequisite to stress-induced lateral root branching. We identify two respiratory burst oxidase homologs, OsRBOHA and OsRBOHI, as key players for ROS generation and systemic signaling in response to asymmetric stress. Auxin signaling and cell wall remodeling act downstream of the systemic ROS signaling to promote lateral root development. Our study reveals a RBOH-ROS-auxin signaling cascade that enables rice roots to avoid localized stress of heavy metals and salt and provides new insight into root system plasticity in heterogenous soil.
NGS 2022 - Taking the next step in your career
Authors: Bogdziewicz Michał , Grossiord Charlotte , Trugman Anna , Lundgren Marjorie
Published: July 2023

Panel discussion and Q A – Taking the next step in your career.
Financial Profitability Analytics of Selected Fertilizer Companies in India
Authors: Parmar Mitulkumar T.
Published: July 2023

Governments of every country formulates their policies which enhance the growth of the agriculture sector and thereby push the availability of the resources for the growth of the industrial sectors and thereby generates the real income for the livelihood of their citizens. The current market value of the Indian chemical and fertilizer companies is approximately around Rs. 898.5 billion for the financial year 2021-2022 and its projected growth is probably 4.7% of CAGR during the period 2023 to 2028 and the market growth is being witnessed by increased demand for food manufacturing industries. The Indian government consistently acting proactively to tap the projected grow of the chemical and fertilizer companies which leads to achieve the objectives of Atmanirbhar Bharat and become most efficient player all over the world. The below chart clearly indicates that the Indian fertilizer market will reach US$ 1460.8 billion by the end of the year 2029 from US$ 937 billion which is quite remarkable. For the study five fertilizer and chemical companies which are listed at the recognized stock exchange in India have been selected randomly and profitability ratio in relation to selected elements of financial statement used for the period from March 2016 to March 2022. Single Factor Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) has been used for testing the hypothesis and the results derived. The results shows that there is positive relationship between investment in fixed assets and generation of profit and for achieving desired profit the management should be aggressive to increase the investments over the fixed assets rather than focusing on net worth, capital employed and total assets.
Data Science: Trends and Its Role in Various Fields
Authors: Iskamto Dedi
Published: July 2023

Data Science is a field that has developed rapidly in recent years, which utilizes technology and data analysis methods to produce useful information for various fields. In this paper, we will explain the latest trends in the field of Data Science and their role in various fields, including the fields of business, health, finance, and the public sector and discuss the technologies and algorithms used in Data Science, such as Machine Learning, Natural language Processing., data visualization, Big Data Analytics, and provides examples of how this technology can be used to solve problems in various fields. This paper aims to explore that Data Science has a very important role in various fields, and will continue to develop along with technological developments. The literature study methodology was carried out to collect data and information related to this topic, which aims to ensure that the data analysis carried out is accurate, and can be trusted. The results of the study found that Data Science science and technology has helped a number of parties with its application to certain aspects related to their fields. Thus, this paper can be a useful source of information for professionals and researchers who are interested in Data Science and its role in various fields.
Sosialisasi Cara Sehat Mengelola Keuangan Keluarga Kepada Para Ibu di GKPI Jemaat Khusus Teladan
Authors: Loo Petrus , Situmorang Irvan Rolyesh , Simarmata Asiana , Nainggolan Susan G
Published: July 2023

Managing finances is one of the things that is difficult to do for some people. This is said to be difficult due to various factors, namely, high needs and wants, as well as incompatibility of income and expenditure. This situation often occurs in families, where the high demands of life must be met. Some financial principles that must be applied in the family easily and simply are spending must be smaller than income, avoiding debt, living simply, managing finances simply, saving, paying bills as soon as possible when getting income and the agreement of family members in managing finances. Finances can be managed properly if there is consistency in the household against the agreement that has been previously set.
Clinician Interruptions and Patient-Rated Clinician Empathy in Specialty Visits
Authors: Pierson S. Ryan , Lam Ryan , Ngoue Marielle , Rajagopalan Dayal , Ring David , Ramtin Sina
Published: July 2023

Introduction:

Clinicians tend to interrupt patients when they are describing their problem, which may contribute to feeling unheard or misunderstood. Using transcripts of audio and video recordings from musculoskeletal (MSK) specialty visits, we asked what factors are associated with (1) Perceived clinician empathy, including the time a patient spends describing the problem and time to the first interruption, (2) duration of patient symptom description, and (3) duration between the end of greeting and first nonactive listening interruption.

Methods:

We analyzed transcripts of 194 adult patients seeking MSK specialty care with a median age (Interquartile range [IQR]) of 47 (33 to 59) years. Participants completed postvisit measures of perceived clinician empathy, symptoms of depression, accommodation of pain, and health anxiety. A nonactive listening interruption was defined as the clinician unilaterally redirecting the topic of conversation. Factors associated with patient-rated clinician empathy, patient problem description duration, and time until the first nonactive listening interruption were sought in bivariate and multivariable analyses.

Results:

The patient's narrative was interrupted at least one time in 144 visits (74%). The duration of each visit was a median of 12 minutes (IQR 9 to 16 minutes). The median time patients spent describing their symptoms was 139 seconds before the first interruption (IQR 84 to 225 seconds). The median duration between the end of the initial greeting and the first interruption was 60 seconds (IQR 30 to 103 seconds). Clinician interruption was associated with shorter duration of symptom description. Greater perceived clinician empathy was associated with greater accommodation of pain (regression coefficient [95% confidence interval] = 0.015 [0.0005-0.30]; P = 0.04).

Discussion:

Clinician interruption was associated with shorter symptom presentation, but not with diminished perception of clinician empathy. Although active listening and avoidance of interruption are important communication tactics, other aspects of the patient-clinician relationship may have more effect on patient experience.
Assessment of a Private Payer Bundled Payment Model for Lumbar Decompression Surgery
Authors: Issa Tariq Z. , Lee Yunsoo , Lambrechts Mark J. , Mazmudar Aditya S. , D'Antonio Nicholas D. , Iofredda Patrick , Endersby Kevin , Kalra Andrew , Canseco Jose A. , Hilibrand Alan S. , Vaccaro Alexander R. , Schroeder Gregory D. , Kepler Christopher K.
Published: July 2023

Introduction:

Although bundled payment models are well-established in Medicare-aged individuals, private insurers are now developing bundled payment plans. The role of these plans in spine surgery has not been evaluated. Our objective was to analyze the performance of a private insurance bundled payment program for lumbar decompression and microdiskectomy.

Methods:

A retrospective review was conducted of all lumbar decompressions in a private payer bundled payment model at a single institution from October 2018 to December 2020. 120-day episode of care cost data were collected and reported as net profit or loss regarding set target prices. A stepwise multivariable linear regression model was developed to measure the effect of patient and surgical factors on net surplus or deficit.

Results:

Overall, 151 of 468 (32.2%) resulted in a deficit. Older patients (58.6 vs. 50.9 years, P < 0.001) with diabetes (25.2% vs. 13.9%, P = 0.004), hypertension (38.4% vs. 28.4%, P = 0.038), heart disease (13.9% vs. 7.57%, P = 0.030), and hyperlipidemia (51.7% vs. 35.6%, P = 0.001) were more likely to experience a loss. Surgically, decompression of more levels (1.91 vs. 1.19, P < 0.001), posterior lumbar decompression (86.8% vs. 56.5%, P < 0.001), and performing surgery at a tertiary hospital (84.8% vs. 70.3%, P < 0.001) were more likely to result in loss. All readmissions resulted in a loss (4.64% vs. 0.0%, P < 0.001). On multivariable regression, microdiskectomy (β: $2,398, P = 0.012) and surgery in a specialty hospital (β: $1,729, P = 0.096) or ambulatory surgery center (β: $3,534, P = 0.055) were associated with cost savings. Increasing number of levels, longer length of stay, active smoking, and history of cancer, dementia, or congestive heart failure were all associated with degree of deficit.

Conclusions:

Preoperatively optimizing comorbidities and using risk stratification to identify those patients who may safely undergo surgery at a facility other than an inpatient hospital may help increase cost savings in a bundled payment model of working-age and Medicare-age individuals.
SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT CONTRIBUTION TO ORGANISATIONAL SUSTAINABILITY
Authors:   ”Nicolae Balcescu” Land Forces Academy Sibiu, STAN Sebastian-Emanuel , GIURGIU Tiberiu ,   ”Nicolae Balcescu” Land Forces Academy Sibiu, TODĂRIȚĂ Elida ,   ”Nicolae Balcescu” Land Forces Academy Sibiu, TRIF Robert-Cristian ,   ”Nicolae Balcescu” Land Forces Academy Sibiu
Published: July 2023

Sustainability is an element that is increasingly considered within the organisation. Therefore, the aim of this scientific article is to explore the contributions of supply chain management (SCM) to organisational sustainability. The study was based on a closed-ended question distributed to strategic managers from eleven business sectors, and the answers to this question were selected according to our objectives and grouped to generate six questions that were applied through a questionnaire to a total of 220 companies from the three economic sectors, companies that have implemented sustainable SCM practices. The main findings from the descriptive analysis used for the data show that sustainability practices integrated into SCM, such as sustainable sourcing, green design, and supply chain loop. Improving relationships with suppliers and customers by promoting closed-loop corporate social responsibility (CSR) values has a positive impact on organisational sustainability. These practices reduce environmental impact, improve financial performance, enhance reputation, and increase stakeholder satisfaction. The main conclusion of this study is that the adoption of sustainable SCM practices is critical to organisational sustainability. Organisations must prioritise sustainability in their SCM decisions to ensure their long-term success.
THE USE OF MARKETING STRATEGIES IN INCREASING THE EXPORT POTENTIAL OF ENTERPRISES OF THE VITICULTURAL INDUSTRY
Authors: Usmonova Diyora
Published: July 2023

This article shows the role, importance of the viticultural industry in the country's economy, prospects for the production and export of exportable products using marketing strategies in the field, analyzes the opinions of a number of scientists, thoroughly examines the main problems and shortcomings in the development of the industry. Proposals have been cited for the development of viticulture prospects and the use of a marketing strategy for its export.
Diretrizes para o leiaute do canteiro de obras de áreas preliminares para produção de pré-moldados de concreto
Authors: De Andrade Junior Luiz Velloso , Serra Sheyla Mara Baptista , Mitidieri Filho Cláudio Vicente , Yoshida Olga Satomi
Published: July 2023

O artigo tem como objetivo apresentar os resultados de uma pesquisa que visa estabelecer diretrizes para dimensionamento preliminar de áreas para implantação de leiaute de canteiros de obras voltados à produção de elementos pré-moldados de concreto para a construção de edifícações de shopping centers e industriais. Como método de pesquisa, adotou-se a pesquisa construtiva denominada Constructive Research ou Design Science Research (DSR), como sendo uma metodologia para condução de pesquisas científicas, em uma abordagem que alia aplicação prática com o rigor científico, ou seja, trata da proposição para resolução de uma questão concreta de ordem prática, baseada em resultados. Os estudos de casos foram obtidos, por intermédio de coleta de dados em campo, mediante entrevistas e visitas técnicas a canteiros de obras, sendo após realizado um estudo simulado, com definições de equações preditivas, como resultados do contexto em estudo.
Thematic Construction of Digital Visual Arts: Implications for Digital Pedagogy
Authors: Bañez Richard Mendoza
Published: July 2023

This paper attempts to describe the signifier choice of student artists in thematic representations of digital visual arts and determine its implications for digital pedagogy. Utilising a qualitative approach to research and covering a corpus of six digital artworks of student artists, the semiotic analysis utilising Peirce’s (1991) sign modes showed the student artists’ preference for mostly indexical and symbolic signifiers in thematic representations of Filipinos’ resiliency to the pandemic. This signifier choice of student artists was influenced by their experience, family, self, other artists, and their initiatives for finding information and drawing inspiration from online sources, as revealed in the conducted Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with the participants. Moreover, the individual interviews with the participants demonstrated that the student artists’ choice of signifiers served as a vehicle for expression, representation, and impression of ideas, themes, and abstractions dominating their artworks. This study calls for the integration of digital artmaking tools into pedagogy to provide opportunities for artistic expression and support diverse representation. Teachers can introduce various digital tools and platforms, create assignments that encourage creative experimentation, and foster a safe and inclusive classroom environment. Future research could explore the practical applications of digital pedagogy in visual arts education.
The Canaries in the Human DNA Mine
Authors: Gillespie Julian
Published: July 2023

Decades of sophisticated and detailed legislation created to safeguard humanity from exposure to genetically modified organisms was ignored or legislated away in an instant when SARS-CoV-2 arrived. It seems this banishment was done with intention and not for the good of humanity. The lipid nanoparticles containing modified RNAs, the so-called “vaccines”, from the beginning fulfilled the legal definitions for being categorized as genetically modified organisms. Pfizer, Moderna, and regulators all knew this. The claims by Pfizer and Moderna repeated by regulators and complicit politicians that modified RNAs do not enter the cell nucleus and reverse transcribe into the human genome were lies constructed knowingly. Over four decades of scientific knowledge marked with Nobel Prizes pointed to modified RNAs integrating into the human genome. The knowledge of retroposition preceded the use of modified RNAs in response to the pandemic, but the WHO and regulatory experts did not inform the global population about these facts. This article retraces the steps in what appears to be a sophisticated deception played out in legal language, technical scientific jargon, and by medical regulatory bodies acting as if they were serving public health.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Video Pembelajaran Menggunakan Renderforest Berbasis Pengajaran Blended Learning
Authors: Harahap Yunita Mutiara , Rahmawati Wiki Tedi , Lubis Sofia Idawati
Published: July 2023

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pelatihan kepada guru–guru tentang penggunaan aplikasi Renderforest berbasis pembelajaran blended learning pada SMK Karya Setia Pegajahan Medan. Kegiatan ini bermula dari permasalahan yang dimiliki mitra terkait dengan minimnya pengetahuan guru-guru tentang penggunaan aplikasi pembelajaran berbasis media online. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah berupa pelatihan secara intens kepada guru–guru dimana didalam sesi pelatihan juga dilakukan penerapan hasil pelatihan. Guru-guru diminta membuat video pembelajaran dengan menggunakan aplikasi Renderforest. Hasil dari kegiatan ini sangat bermanfaat. Guru-guru sangat antusias sekali dalam menyerap dan menerapkan aplikasi Renderforest berbasis pembelajaran blended learning ini. Mereka mampu memberikan pembelajaran yang lebih bervariasi kepada siswa dan siswi mereka.
La evaluación de los PNIEC definitivos: la planificación sobre clima y energía como base de la recuperación económica
Authors: Pascual Núñez María
Published: July 2023

Palabras clave: Cambio climático. Recuperación económica. Energía. Medio
rural. Eficiencia energética. Planificación.
AFGANİSTAN’DA YAŞANAN İŞGALLERİN SEBEPLERİ VE NEDEN OLDUĞU ZORUNLU GÖÇ SÜRECİ
Authors: ÇAKMAK Serdar
Published: July 2023

Yüzyıllardır güvenlik problemlerinin yaşandığı ve istikrarsız bir ülke konumunda olan Afganistan’daki işgal ve göç süreçlerini iyi anlayabilmek için, öncelikle tarihsel konjonktür ve ‘Büyük Oyun’ bağlamında ne tür bir siyasi perspektif oluştuğundan bahsetmek gerekmektedir. Sonrasında ise, hem SSCB hem de ABD işgali ile yaşanan düzensiz göç hare-ketlerinden yola çıkarak ‘Yeni Büyük Oyun’a değinmek mantıklı olacaktır. 1979’da yaşanan SSCB işgali ile Pakistan, İran ve Türkiye gibi ülkelere yönelen Afgan sığınmacıların, hangi metot ve yollarla bu ülkelere kabul edildiklerinin anlatılacağı bu çalışmada, çok fazla gündeme gelmeyen düzensiz göç hareketlerine de vurgu yapılacaktır. Özellikle 1982 yılında ‘2641 Sayılı İskan Kanunu’ aracılığıyla Pakistan üzerinden Türkiye’ye gelen 5 bine yakın Türk kökenli sığınmacının anlatılacağı alt başlıklarda, tarihin derinliklerinde kalan sığınma eylemleri ön plana çıkarılmaya çalışıla-caktır. Bu makalede: ‘Taliban’ın kurulmasında ve güçlenmesinde Afganistan’da yaşanan işgaller ve sınır ülkelerindeki sığınmacı ve mülteci politikaları (Pakistan-Peşaver vb.) etkili oldu mu?; sırasıyla İngiltere, SSCB ve ABD’nin hüküm sürmeye çalıştığı bu topraklarda, terörün ve düzensiz göç akışının oluşmasının nedeni neydi?; meydana gelen bu göç sürecinden Türkiye gibi ülkeler nasıl etkilendi?; Afgan sığınmacı hareketinin önlenmesi için ne tür çözüm önerileri sunulabilir?’ gibi sorulara cevap aranacak, karşılaştırmalı bakış açısıyla analiz yapılmaya çalışılacaktır
Desain Media Pembelajaran Game Edukasi pada Mata Pelajaran Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam Kelas X di MAN Sibolga
Authors: Wardhana Teguh Syach Putra  , Supratman Zakir  , Zulfani Sesmiarni  , Iswantir
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi dalam proses pembelajaran belum adanya media khusus yang berisi tentang Game Edukasi pada Mata Pelajaran Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam, sehingga siswa tidak tahu tentang materi-materi yang akan diajarkan oleh guru. Dan media yang digunakan sebelumnya masih tradisional, sihingga siswa sulit dalam memahami materi yang dijelaskan oleh guru. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian dan pengembangan dikenal dengan istilah Research and Development (R&D) dengan menggunakan pendekatan versi 4D, yaitu yaitu Define, Design, Develop, dan Disseminate. menggunakan model pengembangan multimedia luther sutopo yang terdiri dari 6 tahap yaitu concept, design, material collecting, assembly, testing dan distribution. Uji produk yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah uji validitas, uji pratikalitas dan uji efektifitas. Hasil dari penelitian media pembelajaran Game Edukasi yang bisa digunakan oleh guru dan siswa pada mata pelajaran Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam. Bentuk dari media pembelajaran ini berupa sebuah Software untuk menjalankannya. Hasil uji validitas penulis mendapatkan rata-rata nilai 0,84 dengan kriteria valid, dan Hasil uji pratikalitas penulis mendapatkan rata-rata nilai 1,00 dengan kriteria sangat tinggi, dan Hasil uji efektivitas penulis mendapatkan rata-rata nilai 0,95 dengan kriteria sangat efektif.
Abstract
This research is motivated by the fact that in the learning process there is no special media that contains Educational Games on Islamic Cultural History Subjects, so that students do not know about the materials that will be taught by the teacher. And the media used previously was a blackboard to explain, and students found it difficult to understand what was explained by the teacher. The research method used in this study is a research and development method known as Research and Development (R&D) using a 4D version approach, namely Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate. using a multimedia development model luther sutopo which consists of 6 stages, namely concept, design, collecting material, assembly, testing and distribution. The product test used in this research is the validity test, practicality test and effectiveness test. The results of the research on educational games learning media that can be used by teachers and students in the subject of Islamic Cultural History. The form of this learning media is in the form of a software to run it. The author's validity test results get an average value of 0.84 with valid criteria, and the author's practicality test results get an average value of 1.00 with very high criteria, and the author's effectiveness test results get an average value of 0.95 with very effective criteria.
The Role of Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit Fly) in Managing Neurodegenerative Disease in Functional Food and Neutraceuticals Research
Authors: M. Ayodele-Asowata Abiola , Olumoye Oyetunji Ezekiel , Peter Olatunji Babawale
Published: July 2023

Fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) has emerged as a very useful model of neurodegenerative disease and could be more effective for therapeutic screening for neuroprotective properties of functional food and nutraceuticals. There have been no adequate screening models on functional food research in Africa. Limited studies have been reported on the use of D. melanogaster an alternative to the use of rodents and other animals in therapeutic screening of functional foods and nutraceuticals. The genomic similarities between D. melanogaster and humans, quick generation time, low maintenance requirements, and the accessibility of effective genetic tools, make the fruit fly a suitable research subject for complicated neurodegenerative ailments. However, there is more to be done in understanding complexity in human disease modeling, where the use of fly models will be the best alternative has not been explored. More outcry to conduct studies in disease-related models, the chronic diseases, such as cancer, GI disorders, and cardiovascular diseases, which are causes of death in most industrialized countries are required, although most of the diseases are linked with the intake of dietary fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. So the role of research models cannot be overemphasized, more studies are expected in finding better alternatives to the use of animals in the study of neurodegenerative diseases.
Perspective Chapter: Pheromone-Based Techniques in Sustainable Pest Management
Authors: Yalçın Melis
Published: July 2023

The intensive use of insecticides can result in environmental pollution and adverse effects on human health due to the issue of insecticide residue in the environment. To mitigate this, various control techniques, including cultural, biological, and biotechnical methods, or their combinations, can be employed to manage invasive species. One such biotechnical method that has become popular is the use of pheromones. Pheromone techniques enable early pest detection, population monitoring, mass trapping or annihilation, and mating disruption. To maximize their effectiveness, it is important to determine the exact pheromone component, optimization rate, trap design, and saturation rate for each species. In conclusion, implementing these different pheromone-based strategies is essential for providing effective pest management strategies that take regional variations in pheromones into account.
Innovation and Entrepreneurship: The Role of Prospect Theory in Decision-Making
Authors: Chavaglia José , António Filipe José
Published: July 2023

This chapter discusses prospect theory, which describes how people evaluate choices in terms of potential gains and losses and tend to be loss-averse. When it comes to innovation, the theory suggests that people are risk-averse, but may be more likely to take risks if they perceive potential losses instead of gains. The theory can also help understand how entrepreneurs make decisions. This chapter also mentions advances in behavior genetics and epigenetics that may influence innovation-promoting behaviors, but culture and how ideas spread are also important. To move innovation forward, it is important to carefully analyze risks, benefits, costs, and potential impacts and involve all relevant stakeholders in the process of innovation development and implementation.
A Survey of Cryptography and Key Management Schemes for Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Sen Jaydip
Published: July 2023

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are made up of a large number of tiny sensors, which can sense, analyze, and communicate information about the outside world. These networks play a significant role in a broad range of fields, from crucial military surveillance applications to monitoring building security. Key management in WSNs is a critical task. While the security and integrity of messages communicated through these networks and the authenticity of the nodes are dependent on the robustness of the key management schemes, designing an efficient key generation, distribution, and revocation scheme is quite challenging. While resource-constrained sensor nodes should not be exposed to computationally demanding asymmetric key algorithms, the use of symmetric key-based systems leaves the entire network vulnerable to several attacks. This chapter provides a comprehensive survey of several well-known cryptographic mechanisms and key management schemes for WSNs.
Expression of Biofilm-Related Genes in Extensively Drug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Khosravy Maryam , Hosseini Farzaneh , Razavi Mohamad Reza , Khavari Ramazan Ali
Published: July 2023

Background: Acinetobacter baumannii is an important cause of nosocomial pneumonia in patients requiring long-term mechanical ventilation. Besides, extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains cause infection in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Chronic infections of A. baumannii and antimicrobial resistance are associated with biofilm formation. Several virulence genes, such as blaPER-1, pgaA, and bap, are involved in biofilm formation. Objectives: The current study examines the expression levels of biofilm formation-related genes in pneumonia patients. Methods: The sputum samples were collected from patients hospitalized in the ICU, and A. baumannii ATCC 19606, the reference strain, was isolated and cultured on blood agar, eosin methylene blue agar, and chocolate agar medium. The media were then incubated at 37°C for 18 - 24 hours. Next, Gram-Thirty XDR A. baumannii isolates were collected from the sputum samples of ICU patients at Besat Hospital in Tehran, Iran. Bacterial isolates were characterized for antibiotic resistance patterns and biofilm-forming ability. Subsequently, RNA was extracted from the biofilm-forming isolates. A real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was performed to evaluate the expression levels of the blaPER-1, pgaA, and bap genes. Transcripts were normalized to 16S rRNA as an internal control, and gene expression fold changes were calculated. Statistical analysis was performed using an unpaired two-tailed t-test (P < 0.05) with SPSS (V. 16). Results: The disk diffusion susceptibility test revealed that all 30 (100%) isolates were resistant to piperacillin-tazobactam, cefepime, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, gentamicin, imipenem, meropenem, levofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. All 30 isolates from ICU-admitted patients (100%) were classified as XDR, and 27 (90%) isolates demonstrated the ability to form biofilms. The obtained results indicated a significant difference in gene expression levels. The fold change in expression for blaPER-1, bap, and pgaA was 7.473, 11.964, and 5.277, respectively. Conclusions: In our study, XDR A. baumannii primarily caused ventilator-associated pneumonia, and an observed increase in the expression of biofilm-related genes was noted in these strains. Healthcare centers should implement appropriate infection control programs to manage nosocomial infections, particularly in the ICU.
Comparative Profile of Celiac Disease Between Children and Adults in Western Algeria Region
Authors: El Mehadji Douniazad , Noria Harir , Yekrou Djamila , Charef Latroche , Bouziane Nedjadi Karim , Ouali Siheme , Hamri Walid Hassene , Benaissa Zahira , Sellam Feriel
Published: July 2023

Background: This study was performed to describe the main differences and similarities of celiac disease according to age and highlight the clinical features, diagnosis, associations of the disease, complications, and response to a gluten-free diet in children and adults. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on a series of patients (n = 223) diagnosed with celiac disease during infancy (< 2 years) and childhood (≥ 2 years) versus a series of adult patients (≥ 17 years). Results: A total of 223 patients were included in this study, 40, 109, and 74 of whom were infants, children, and adults, respectively. The age of diagnosis was delayed in adults, with a mean value of 21.07 ± 12.49 years versus 03.37 ± 3.93 and 6.53 ± 3.77 years in infants and children, respectively (P < 0.001). The clinical manifestations in infants and children were defined as digestive disorders, mainly chronic diarrhea (P = 0.004), similar in adults. Nevertheless, the extra digestive manifestations were predominant in adults, and anemia was the most frequent manifestation (51.4%) versus 30% (n = 12) and 33.9% (n = 37) in infants and children, respectively (P = 0.026), while weight loss in adults affected 52.7% (P for the difference between the three age groups = 0.004). In adults, there was a higher frequency of associated autoimmune diseases, including hypothyroidism (8.1% versus 4.6% in children), Crohn’s disease (5.4% versus 0.0% in children), and lupus (0.9% versus 0.0% in children) (P < 0.001). Serology was strongly positive in all three age groups but with no significant difference between them (P = 0.184). The difference between the three age groups concerning the immunoglobulin G (IgG) anti-transglutaminase (a-tTG) assay positivity was statistically significant (P < 0.001). The partial grade of villous atrophy was dominant in all three groups. Good adherence to the diet was more noticeable in children than adults (P = 0.001). Conclusions: Celiac disease presents differences between adults and children. The atypical clinical presentation is dominant in adults. Children present a positive serology and good adherence to the diet.
A multicore emulator with a profiling infrastructure for transactional memory on FPGA
Authors:   , Sönmez Nehir
Published: July 2023

This thesis attempts to bring together two recent topics by presenting a flexible Transactional Memory environment on a multicore prototype that is realized on FPGA fabric. For this, we devise a MIPS-compatible shared-memory multicore emulator with Hybrid Transactional Memory support, based on the Plasma open source soft processor core. We present the design and implementation of the TMbox system, which features an emulation system of up to 16 soft processor cores interconnected with a bi-directional ring bus, running at 50 MHz on a Virtex5-155t FPGA. Additionally, we build the first comprehensive infrastructure to profile Hybrid TM systems, an extensive visualization environment that enables examining complete transactional executions in detail.

TMbox is a completely modifiable architecture implementing a multicore prototype with support for STM, HTM and Hybrid TM. It was written in various common design languages, and enables modifying the complete stack, down from the ISA, through the software toolchain, up to the well-optimized parallel code. With such an infrastructure, fast execution and quick performance evaluation can be made possible for studies in computer architecture.

En esta tesis se propone juntar dos temas recientes a través de la creación de un sistema de memoria transaccional en un circuito programable (un FPGA). Para ello, ha sido diseñado un emulador de multinúcleo, con soporte para memoria transaccional híbrida y núcleos MIPS basados en el procesador de código libre Plasma. Presentamos el diseño y la implementación del sistema TMbox, que implementa un sistema de emulación de hasta 16 núcleos MIPS interconectados con un bus en anillo bidireccional, funcionando a 50 MHz en un FPGA Virtex5-155t. Adicionalmente, hemos construido la primera infraestructura para perfilado y visualización de memoria transaccional híbrida, que permite ver con un alto detalle ejecuciones transaccionales completas. TMbox es una arquitectura completamente modificable, e implementa un prototipo de un multinúcleo con memoria transaccional en software, hardware e híbrido. Está compuesto de varios lenguajes de diseño muy comunes, y habilita modificar el stack completo, desde la ISA, pasando por el toolchain de software, hasta el código paralelo altamente optimizado. Con una infraestructura como TMbox, es posible la ejecución veloz y la evaluación rápida del rendimiento en investigaciones de arquitectura de computadores.
Resource, data and application management for cloud federations and multi-clouds
Authors:   , Xhagjika Vamis
Published: July 2023

Distributed Real-Time Media Processing refers to classes of highly distributed, delay no-tolerant applications that account for the majority of the data traffic generated in the world today. Real-Time audio/video conferencing and live content streaming are of particular research interests as technology forecasts predict video traffic surpassing every other type of data traffic in the world in the near future. These applications are very sensitive to both communication properties such as latency, jitter, packet loss, bit rate as well as backend stream processing load profiles. In this work we provide a novel and generalized large-scale Multi-Cloud architectural blueprint for ISP and Carrier providers, that permits smart geo-distributed service placement in order to optimize latency/locality of stream processing applications. We provide as a well self-managed Intra-Cloud federation algorithm based on gradient topologies in order to optimize routes in a live media streaming backend. Additionally we introduce a novel distributed Network Bandwidth Manager that optimizes system stability by arbitrating network bandwidth between multiple Cloud services sharing the same network infrastructure. At last, an empirical study is provided connecting media quality parameters and Cloud backend load profiles, including an algorithm for stream allocation on Cloud Selective Forwarding units.

El procesamiento de medios en tiempo real distribuido se refiere a clases de aplicaciones altamente distribuidas, no tolerantes al retardo, que representan la mayoría del tráfico de datos generado en el mundo actual. Las conferencias de audio y video en tiempo real y la transmisión de contenido en vivo tienen especial interés en investigación, ya que la prospectiva tecnológica estima que el tráfico de video supere a cualquier otro tipo de tráfico de datos en el futuro cercano. La transmisión en vivo se refiere a aplicaciones en las que flujos de audio/vídeo de una fuente se han de entregar a un conjunto de destinos en lugares geográficos diferentes mientras se mantiene baja la latencia de entrega del flujo (como por ejemplo la cobertura de eventos en vivo). Las plataformas de conferencia en tiempo real son plataformas de aplicación que implementan comunicaciones de audio/video en tiempo real entre muchos participantes. Ambas categorías presentan una alta sensibilidad tanto al estado de la red (latencia, jitter, pérdida de paquetes, velocidad de bits) como a los perfiles de carga de la infraestructura de procesamiento de flujo (latencia y jitter introducidos durante el procesamiento en la nube de paquetes de datos multimedia). Esta tesis trata de mejorar el procesamiento de datos multimedia en tiempo real tanto en los parámetros de nivel de red como en las optimizaciones en la nube.