bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Aspects Of Hyperprolactinemia Syndrome
Authors:   D.M.S., Prof. , Department Of Endocrinology And Pediatric Endocrinology, Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Khalimova Z.Y. , Uralova D.U. ,   Master, Department Of Endocrinology And Pediatric Endocrinology, Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Safarova M.S. ,   RSNPMCE Named After Y.Kh. Turakulov, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Juraeva Y.O. ,   RSNPMCE Named After Y.Kh. Turakulov, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Gumarova A.A. ,   RSNPMCE Named After Y.Kh. Turakulov, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Published: May 2021

Hyperprolactinemia syndrome is one of the most common neuroendocrine disorders. In the structure of endocrine pathology, it ranks third after diabetes mellitus and thyroid diseases. The article is devoted to the topical issues of diagnosing hyperprolactinemia syndrome depending on the cause of the development of this syndrome.
Effective Metods Of Treatment For Chronic Heart Failure In Elderli Women
Authors:   Bukhara State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan, D.R. Adizova
Published: May 2021

To study the effectiveness of teaching "self-care" and "self-control" in elderly and senile patients with chronic heart failure. The study included 107 patients with chronic heart failure. The training program was attended by 54 patients who made up the study group. 53 untrained patients made up the control group. These sessions were conducted with patients for 7 days, 1 hour per day. To assess the effectiveness of the training program, adherence to treatment was assessed using the Morisky-Green scale and the quality of life was assessed using the Minnesota questionnaire on the quality of life of patients. Results. During 1 year of follow-up, feedback was interrupted with 17 patients (15,8%) due to various reasons. Out of 90 subjects of observation, only 6 patients (6,7%) died due to the deterioration of their condition and the development of associated conditions. The assessment of the number of visits by patients to family polyclinics showed a generally satisfactory level of clinical examination in the study group - the average rate of planned visits was 3,2. In the control group, the average number of visits was 2,5 per year. There was a statistically significantly lower number of unplanned visits to the study group compared to patients from the control group. As a result, there was a significant decrease in the number of unplanned visits in the intervention group as a whole. Conclusion. The program of training elderly and senile patients on the aspects of self-medication and self-control in chronic heart failure is effective in improving the control of their adherence to therapy and the prognosis of the disease.
Treatment Of Sexual Dysfunctions In The "Doctor D" Hospital In Uzbekistan
Authors:   Psychiatrist, Associate Professor Of The Department Of Therapeutic Directions III, Tashkent State Dental Institute. Multidisciplinary Hospital ", Nikolaos Sakellion Dimitrios ,   Doctor D",   , Uzbekistan, Saatovich Irgashev Dilmurad ,   Director, Multidisciplinary Hospital "Doctor D", Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Khudoyarovich Alimov Ulugbek ,   Tashkent Institute For Advanced Medical Education, Prof. Head Department, Uzbekistan, Khabibullaevich Sultanov Shokhrukh ,   Tashkent State Dental Institute, Associate Professor Of The Department "Therapeutic Directions III", Head. Department, Uzbekistan, Farruhovna Gopurova Gulchehra ,   Tashkent State Dental Institute, Associate Professor Of The Department "Therapeutic Directions III", Head. Department, Uzbekistan
Published: May 2021

Long-term studies of clinical hypnosis at the "Doctor D" hospital in Uzbekistan demonstrate the effectiveness of this method in the treatment of various sexual disorders. This is confirmed by the change in the behavior of the subject in interpersonal relationships. Neurophysiological monitoring objectively confirms the change in the biorhythmic activity of the brain towards positive emotions, with the resurrection of feelings in the relationship of spouses.
Improvement Of Methods Of Providing Dental Care For Children With Mental Delayed Development
Authors:   Assistant At The Department Of Pediatric Dentistry, Samarkand State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan, Indiaminova Gavkhar Nuriddinovna , Zoirov Tulkin Elnazarovich ,   Head Of The Department Of The 2nd Dentistry, Candidate Of Medical Sciences, Samarkand State Medical Institute, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
Published: May 2021

In modern society, diseases of the oral cavity are of humanitarian, socio - economic significance. Today, tooth decay and periodontal disease remain the most common dental disease not only among adults, but also among younger populations around the world. According to recent epidemiological studies conducted on healthy children, the incidence of dental pathology is high, with the prevalence of caries among healthy age groups 12-15 years old is 63.3-83 years, 4% and 81.7-88.7%, intensity 3.02 -3.75 and 4.6-5.73, and the prevalence of periodontal tissue diseases in the group of healthy 12-year-old children ranged from 37.8% to 50%, in the 15-year-old group of children it ranged from 57.7% to 84, 7%. The prevalence of caries is also high in children with mental retardation of preschool and school age, while the intensity of caries is higher in children aged 13–18 years with mild mental retardation (MAD). These indicators increase with age and depend on the severity of the underlying disease. We carried out a program for the prevention of dental diseases in children with disabilities, however, most of them were focused on children with mild and moderate mental retardation, where not only the degree of mental retardation was taken into account, but also teaching them oral care skills, the degree of socialization and the child's diet.
History Of The Emergence Of Information Ethics
Authors:   Navoiy State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan, Tilavova Umida Qahramonovna
Published: May 2021

This article discusses the history of the field of information ethics, which is of global importance today. It also contains methodological approaches, scientific and theoretical conclusions of experts conducting research in this field.
A Paradigm Shift From "Teaching" To Learning "
Authors:   Acting Professor Of Tashkent State Technical University Named After Islam Karimov, Doctor Of Pedagogical Sciences, Uzbekistan, Khimmataliev Dustnazar Omonovich , Khakimov Jamshid Oktyamovich ,   Associate Professor Of Tashkent State Technical University Named After Islam Karimov, Doctor Of Philosophy In Pedagogical Sciences (PhD), Uzbekistan, Omonova Mukhlisa Dustnazar Qizi ,   Tashkent State Technical University Named After Islam Karimov 1 Course Master, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Published: May 2021

The article discusses the learner-centered and creative approaches, which is directed to improve educational process. The author describes approaches, methods and techniques, which develop cognitive activities of different levels.
Communicative Competence Of The Bachelor Of Economic Direction Regulator Of Professional Competence
Authors:   Independent Researcher Of The Institute Of Pedagogical Innovations, Vocational Education Management And Retraining And Advanced Training Of Teachers, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Kurbonov Bakhodir Ergashevich
Published: May 2021

This article provides information on the communicative competence of students of economics, its content, the role of professional competence as a regulator in students.
Goals And Objectives Of Organizing Independent Work Of Students
Authors:   Namangan Institute Of Civil Engineering, Namangan, Uzbekistan, Zokirova Dilnoza Ne'matillaevna
Published: May 2021

The article describes the goals and objectives of the organization of independent work of students, the content, the forms of independent learning.
Professional Development Of A Teacher Of Foreign Languages - Electronic Educational Resources
Authors:   Assistant, Branch Of Tashkent Institute Of Irrigation Engineers And Mechanization Of Agriculture, Bukhara, Uzbekistan, Sharopova Shahlo Kahramonovna , Khimmataliev Dustnazar Omonovich ,   Doctor Of Pedagogical Sciences, Acting Professor, Tashkent Institute Of Irrigation Engineers And Mechanization Of Agriculture, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Published: May 2021

Currently, the use of electronic educational resources in the field of teaching foreign languages in higher educational institutions has evolved from a fashion curiosity into an extremely effective tool. Possession of modern technology has become a mandatory requirement for university specialists. This article describes the general principles of the effective use of information technologies, as well as the classification of teachers in accordance with the approach to their use in the learning process, which is designed to simplify the choice of direction of professional development and suggest possible ways to correct deficiencies in the use of electronic resources, depending on the characteristics of the specialist.
Positive Attitudes To "Dev" In Central Asian People
Authors:   Term DU, PhD Student Of Termez State University, Uzbekistan, Abdulloev Shukhratjon Boboismoilovich
Published: May 2021

The article examines the attitude of the ancient population of Central Asia to the culture of Daevаs (Diwas), as well as factors influencing the formation of Zoroastrianism.
Methodology Of Determination Of Knowledge And Skills Of Teacher-Surdopedagogy On Pedagogical Technologies
Authors:   Doctoral Student Of Tashkent State Pedagogical University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Yakubjanova Dilobar
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to the issues of teacher-deaf pedagogues in higher education institutions. The author gives his views and comments on the training of deaf educators.
General Didactic And Pedagogical Foundations Of Teaching Russian As A Foreign Language
Authors:   Lecturer, Tashkent State Technical University Named After I. Karimov, Uzbekistan, Usmanovna Sirajitdinova Nargiza , Tafikovna Xolmatova Shahida ,   Lecturer, Tashkent State Technical University Named After I. Karimov, Uzbekistan, Yusupovna Zaitova Ozoda ,   Lecturer, Tashkent State Technical University Named After I. Karimov, Uzbekistan, Leonidovna Babaeva Lyudmila ,   Lecturer, Tashkent State Technical University Named After I. Karimov, Uzbekistan
Published: May 2021

The paper will help improve the level of teaching Russian as a foreign language and the successful mastery of this subject (and the language itself) by students. Although it is addressed primarily to future teachers, it can be useful for teachers of the Russian language, graduate students, trainees, as well as anyone interested in methodology as a science.
Significance of Environmental Genomics Research
Authors: Beslin LG
Published: May 2021

Environmental Genomics serves as a guide for an environmental scientist who wishes to squeeze genomics to solve environmental problems. Environmental genomics try to find out the approach of an organism or group of organisms to the changes in their external environment at the genetic level [1]. Since the genome responses are diverse, environmental genomics has the necessity integrate molecular biology, physiology, toxicology, ecology, systems biology, epidemiology and population genetics into an interdisciplinary research program [2].
EKONOMİK BÜYÜME TEORİLERİ
Authors: HACIYEV MURAD
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to modern theories of economic growth. The analysis of the article shows that economic growth is an increase in a country's ability to produce the required goods and services. Economic growth is directly related to the development and expansion of these indicators, as these opportunities include the quantity and quality of goods and services, as well as the technologies used. Economists around the world group the factors that affect economic growth in different ways. The main factors of economic growth are direct and indirect, extensive and intensive, managed and unmanaged, economic and non-economic, etc. divide into groups. In general, our perception of the situation in the economy is often formed on the basis of changes in economic activity from year to year. Usually, recession leads to despair and pessimism, and monetary expansion leads to hope and optimism. However, when you look at the overall economic situation over a long period of time, the picture changes. In this case, the fluctuations lose their significance, and growth - the long-term continuous growth of aggregate emissions - is the only indicator that attracts attention in the overall picture. From this we can conclude that a well-developed economy is one in which employment is encouraged, individuals are given the opportunity to decide their own destiny, govern and control, fair welfare is ensured, social cooperation and associations are ensured, and the future of human development is protected. has. The article extensively studies these or other issues and shows the directions of solving the problems.
The ZTF Source Classification Project. I. Methods and Infrastructure
Authors: van Roestel Jan , Duev Dmitry A. , Mahabal Ashish A. , Coughlin Michael W. , Mróz Przemek , Burdge Kevin , Drake Andrew , Graham Matthew J. , Hillenbrand Lynne , Bellm Eric C. , Kupfer Thomas , Delacroix Alexandre , Fremling C. , Golkhou V. Zach , Hale David , Laher Russ R. , Masci Frank J. , Riddle Reed , Rosnet Philippe , Rusholme Ben , Smith Roger , Soumagnac Maayane T. , Walters Richard , Prince Thomas A. , Kulkarni S. R.
Published: May 2021

The Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) has been observing the entire northern sky since the start of 2018 down to a magnitude of 20.5 (5σ for 30 s exposure) in the g, r, and i filters. Over the course of two years, ZTF has obtained light curves of more than a billion sources, each with 50–1000 epochs per light curve in g and r, and fewer in i. To be able to use the information contained in the light curves of variable sources for new scientific discoveries, an efficient and flexible framework is needed to classify them. In this paper, we introduce the methods and infrastructure that will be used to classify all ZTF light curves. Our approach aims to be flexible and modular and allows the use of a dynamical classification scheme and labels, continuously evolving training sets, and the use of different machine-learning classifier types and architectures. With this setup, we are able to continuously update and improve the classification of ZTF light curves as new data become available, training samples are updated, and new classes need to be incorporated.
Evolution of the Exoplanet Size Distribution: Forming Large Super-Earths Over Billions of Years
Authors: David Trevor J. , Contardo Gabriella , Sandoval Angeli , Angus Ruth , Lu Yuxi (Lucy) , Bedell Megan , Curtis Jason L. , Foreman-Mackey Daniel , Fulton Benjamin J. , Grunblatt Samuel K. , Petigura Erik A.
Published: May 2021

The radius valley, a bifurcation in the size distribution of small, close-in exoplanets, is hypothesized to be a signature of planetary atmospheric loss. Such an evolutionary phenomenon should depend on the age of the star–planet system. In this work, we study the temporal evolution of the radius valley using two independent determinations of host star ages among the California–Kepler Survey (CKS) sample. We find evidence for a wide and nearly empty void of planets in the period–radius diagram at the youngest system ages (≲2–3 Gyr) represented in the CKS sample. We show that the orbital period dependence of the radius valley among the younger CKS planets is consistent with that found among those planets with asteroseismically determined host star radii. Relative to previous studies of preferentially older planets, the radius valley determined among the younger planetary sample is shifted to smaller radii. This result is compatible with an atmospheric loss timescale on the order of gigayears for progenitors of the largest observed super-Earths. In support of this interpretation, we show that the planet sizes that appear to be unrepresented at ages ≲2–3 Gyr are likely to correspond to planets with rocky compositions. Our results suggest that the size distribution of close-in exoplanets and the precise location of the radius valley evolve over gigayears.
Ultraviolet radiation levels over Bulgarian high mountains
Authors: Werner Rolf , Guineva Veneta , Atanassov Atanas , Valev Dimitar , Danov Dimitar , Petkov Boyan , Kirillov Andrey
Published: May 2021

The UV-index (UVI) is a measure of the erythemally effective solar radiation reaching the Earth surface and it was introduced to alert people about the need of Sun protection. The present study applies a model that estimates the UVI over the high Bulgarian mountains for clear sky conditions considering the Total Ozone Content (TOC), which was taken from satellite measurements. The results show that during the periods from May to August at altitudes above 2 000 m a.s.l. very high UVI's (greater than 8) were observed for more than 18 days per month. The UVI values were very high practically for every day of July at altitudes higher than 1 500 m. Extremely high UVI result from episodes with TOC lower than 290 DU during June and July at the highest mountain parts with elevations greater than 2 500 m. High radiation risks were observed during April, especially when the preceding polar vortex was strong and the mountains were snow covered.
Crop type mapping in Bulgaria using Sentinel-1/2 data
Authors: Dimitrov Petar , Filchev Lachezar , Roumenina Eugenia , Jelev Georgi
Published: May 2021

Advanced possibilities have emerged in the recent years for semi-automatic crop type mapping at national level due to the availability of Sentinel-1 and -2 satellite data. In this study, 14 crop type classes were mapped over Bulgaria using three bi-monthly composite image mosaics for 2019 generated in the Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud computing platform. The overall accuracy, when both Sentinel-1 and -2 mosaics were used, was 78%, while the accuracy was slightly less when only Sentinel-2 data was used (75%). The accuracy was highest for "Cereals", "Maize", "Sunflower", "Winter rapeseed", and "Rice" - over 80% for both user's and producer's. However, the accuracy for classes such as "Vegetables", "Technical crops", "Forage crops", "Fallow", etc. was low. These classes represent categories suitable for the agricultural practice and statistics but are too general and difficult to distinguish using satellite data. It was found also that accuracy tend to be higher for larger parcels. Using composites with higher frequency and adapting the legend classes to include only crops which are similar in phenology and morphology are suggested as possible ways forward.
Applying the constant strength doublet method to resolve a steady flow around an airfoil
Authors: Metodiev Konstantin
Published: May 2021

In the paper hereby, a numerical (panel) method is applied to analyze steady two-dimensional flow of ideal gas around an airfoil. Initially, the airfoil is divided into a finite number of panels. Then the panels are replaced by doublets with constant strength. In addition, a wake panel is added to fulfill Kutta condition at the airfoil trailing edge. In order to implement this, a numerical realization is developed and built by means of Tiny C Compiler. To work out a solution to the linear non-homogeneous algebraic system, direct schemes for lower-upper factorization/decomposition of matrix of coefficients were applied, namely Crout, Doolittle, and Cholesky. The obtained results are validated against exact solution and shown for various values of angle of attack and Reynolds number.
Human reliability increasing approach in aircraft maintenance technician’s training process
Authors: Tanev Angel
Published: May 2021

This article presents an approach for increasing the maintenance technician’s reliability by considering the human fault rate as utility function’s maximization problem in the technician’s training process. Adequately trained technicians are capable to perform a maintenance and manage the reliability of their assigned assets within the complex aircraft systems. In general, a degradation of aircraft reliability, due to maintenance tecnician’s competency, typically leads to significant, undesirable safety and economic consequences. In this article, an optimal control theory is applied on the purpose of finding of a fault rate reduction series in the training process which leads to highest technician’s reliability in the maintenance process of the complex aircraft systems.
Usage of eye tracker technology in examining attention distribution of operators of unmanned aerial vehicles
Authors: Hubenova Zoya , Metodiev Konstantin , Dimitrova Svetla , Alexiev Liubomir
Published: May 2021

This article proposes yet another approach towards looking into causes for attention distribution of an operator of unmanned aerial vehicle. During examination, the operator is being tested at dedicated flight simulator while data are gathered and visualized through a mobile eye tracker. Two work stages are considered sequentially, i.e. building a geometric 2D transformation of region of interest (homography) within an image, and overlaying a dynamic heatmap as well. In the former stage, spontaneous movements of the operator’s head, recorded by the video, are eliminated thus enabling the operator to use the mobile eye tracker instead of a desktop-based one. During the latter stage, the distribution of operator’s attention over time is displayed. In order to implement the current research, a source code has been developed in C++ for some features readily available in OpenCV library to be used. In addition, data gathered after carrying out flight session are processed and discussed thoroughly.
Analysis of the military application of unmanned aircraft and main direction for their development
Authors: Zagorski Nikolay
Published: May 2021

Modern military unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are assigned a wide range of functions, for the implementation of which they perform many tasks in various military conflicts. The results of the analysis give them the opportunity to reveal the problems in the use of UAVs, make changes in their functions and tasks and identify areas for further development. At present, this requires the introduction of the achievements of artificial intelligence, the introduction of expert systems and microelectronics on board UAVs, as well as their integration with various other means of conducting armed struggle. At the same time, some of the technological solutions for the creation and improvement of UAVs for military purposes can be applied in the civilian sector.
A review of earth observation resources for secondary school education – part 2
Authors: Filchev Lachezar , Manakos Ioannis , Reuter Rainer , Mardirossian Garo , Srebrova Tsveta , Kraleva Lubomira , Dimitrov Dimitar , Marini Kalliroi , Rienow Andreas
Published: May 2021

This article is a continuation of an overview of the contemporary resources for Earth Observation (EO) education for secondary schools. The themes covered by the sequel are the main EO education initiatives supported by international, EU and national organizations, outreach activities, citizen scientists’ projects and free and open source software (FOSS) EO tools. The article elaborates on future prospects of EO resources developments in the education system its relevance for the society and its connection with STEM subjects.
Life history of the rare boreal tiger moth Arctia menetriesii (Eversmann, 1846) (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in the Russian Far East
Authors: Koshkin Evgeny S.
Published: May 2021

A thorough description and detailed photographs of all developmental stages of one of the rarest Palaearctic moths, Menetries’ tiger moth Arctia menetriesii (Eversmann, 1846) (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae), are presented. Eggs were obtained from a female collected in the Bureinsky Nature Reserve, Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. Data relating to specimens from this region significantly supplements previously published data, which was derived exclusively from more westerly parts of the species’ range. Larvae were reared mainly on dandelion (Taraxacum campylodes G.E.Haglund) in laboratory conditions. Some larvae were fed on Aconitum consanguineum Vorosch. leaves and larch (Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Kuzen.) needles during certain periods of their lives. It is hypothesized that toxic compounds found in these plants resulted in high mortality rates among larvae prior to pupation. Metamorphosis anomalies in the form of larva-pupa intermediates and various morphological defects of pupae are documented for A. menetriesii for the first time. The assumptions of some researchers about the important role of Larix and Aconitum in larval development are questioned.
Accounting for General Anesthesia: A Pre-Op Primer and Post-Op Factor
Authors: Kornfeld Benjamin , Wild Bridget M.
Published: May 2021

Infants and young children are in a period of rapid neurodevelopment, making them more vulnerable to neurotoxic agents. A topic of much debate is how persistent and pervasive cognitive delays are for children exposed to anesthesia at a young age. The US Food and Drug Administration issued a warning in late 2016 calling for providers to share information about such risks with families before any medical interventions requiring use of anesthetics. This article offers the pediatric generalist some background on the warning and tips for counseling families before a procedure as well as reminders for surveilling beyond a procedure.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2021;50(5):e187–e189.]
Alunos egressos do centro socioeducativo: uma análise linguístico-discursiva
Authors: De Carvalho Vieira Batista Pereira Jussivania , Maria de Barros Solange
Published: May 2021

O artigo tem como objetivo analisar as representações de adolescentes egressos do sistema socioeducativo acerca do retorno dos mesmos às escolas. O estudo desvela a reintegração desses adolescentes no novo ambiente escolar. Quando os jovens saem da medida socioeducativa de internação para a medida de liberdade assistida, têm encontrado dificuldades para que a sua educação aconteça como um instrumento de ressocialização. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas e observações de campo. Como suporte teórico, utilizamos a análise crítica do discurso de Fairclough (2003), a linguística sistêmico-funcional de Halliday (2004) e a filosofia do realismo crítico de Bhaskar (1989). Os dados desvelam as dificuldades encontradas pelos adolescentes egressos do sistema socioeducativo em continuar estudando e quais os caminhos encontrados por eles e por seus familiares para conseguir uma vaga nas escolas.
Arte y educación, claves/llaves en la construcción de ciudadanía
Authors: Umpierrez Analia
Published: May 2021

¿Es tarea de la Universidad pública trabajar en la cárcel? Uno de los propósitos de la tarea de la universidad en la cárcel es aportar a construir ciudadanía. ¿En qué momentos, bajo qué prácticas podemos dar cuenta de que el paso por la universidad incidió en esa conformación, en esa toma de decisiones que dan autonomía a los actores sociales? Se presenta aquí la experiencia y la reflexión sobre el trabajo académico y de extensión desplegado por la Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires a través de un colectivo conformado por docentes, investigadores, talleristas y estudiantes en los últimos diez años da cuenta de dispositivos, recurrencias y reflexiones sobre la ampliación del acceso a derechos educativos y al disfrute y producción de las artes y las trazas de este encuentro en la formación ciudadana
Biomass of unconventional plants from Brazilian semiarid as substrate for hydrolytic enzymes production by Aspergillus niger under solid and submerged fermentation
Authors: Menezes Bruna dos Santos , Morais Kátia dos Santos , Conceição Aparecido Almeida , Leite Juliana Gomes Barreto Souza , Assis Fábia Giovana do Val de , Siqueira Félix Gonçalves , Leal Patrícia Lopes
Published: May 2021

Aspergillus niger KIJH was grown in solid and submerged fermentation using leaves and roots (with and without bark) of plants typically from Brazilian semiarid as substrate to produce a multienzymatic extract, which was characterised for its potential biotechnological applications. Solid-state fermentation (SSF) was applied to select the most promising plants biomass as induction substrates for the production of hydrolytic enzymes by fungus. The best biomasses were used as substrate in submerged fermentation (SmF) assays at two scales. Samples of up scale fermented culture were partially purified by ultrafiltration and activity and pH and temperature stability of CMCase and xylanase were evaluated. A. niger KIJH produced hydrolytic enzymes under SSF containing unconventional plants biomass from Brazilian semiarid. In SmF conditions, maximum CMCase (0.264 U mL-1) and xylanase (1.163 U mL-1) activities were induced by Jacaratia corumbensis. Scaling up the SmF to 500 mL of medium was able to maintain constant the production of CMCase (0.346 U mL-1) and xylanase (1.273 U mL-1) on the fermented culture. Ultrafiltered and concentrated extract presented CMCase activities practically constant in all temperature ranges (30-80°C) and pH (3.0-9.0), while xylanase optimum activity temperature was 50°C and pH in the range of 3.0 to 5.0. CMCase activity remained stable for 24 hours at 50°C and xylanase was reduced in 53% after two hours incubation at the same temperature. CMCase and xylanase obtained by A. niger KIJH cultivated in submerged culture containing J. corumbensis as carbon source may have application in biotechnology processes that require enzymes that remain active under routine extreme conditions.
In vitro multiplication of wild Manihot species with different naphthaleneacetic acid and benzylaminopurine concentrations
Authors: Santos Karen Cristina Fialho dos , Silveira Deyse Maria de Souza , Souza Antônio da Silva , Sá Jucieny Ferreira de , Ledo Carlos Alberto da Silva , Carvalho Mariane de Jesus da Silva de
Published: May 2021

In vitro multiplication is an important tissue culture technique that is capable of efficiently producing seedlings at any scale. It is a propagation method based on the aseptic culture of small propagules in a suitable culture medium to enable plant regeneration. Multiplication experiments conducted in vitro to set protocols adapted to wild Manihot species have used modified mineral salts and MS vitamins as basic culture medium. Here, 25 treatments based on combinations of the regulators benzylaminopurine (BAP) and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) at 0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, and 0.1 mg L-1 were used for in vitro multiplication of three genotypes of wild Manihot species (M. violaceae Pohl Müll. Arg., M. pseudoglaziovii Pax & Hoff., and M. flabellifolia Pohl). Plant height and the number of 1 cm minicuttings, number of roots, shoots, green leaves and senescent leaves were recorded 120 days after explant inoculation. M. violaceae Pohl. Müll. Arg. and M. flabellifolia Pohl. presented favorable results with 0.05 and 0.025 mg L-1 NAA, respectively. Culture medium lacking NAA and BAP favored the in vitro growth of M. pseudoglaziovii Pax & Hoff.
Microbiological water quality monitoring of four ponds from Lagoa do Sino Farm located in São Paulo State, Brazil
Authors: Evangelista Patrícia Alexandre , Souza Mayara Andrade  Martins de , Ferreira Iuri Emanuel de Paula , Pimentel-Filho Natan de Jesus
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the microbiological quality of the water of four ponds used for irrigation on the Lagoa do Sino Farm, as well as to perform the genotypic characterization of virulence factors in Escherichia coli isolates. Sampling was conducted for 11 months, between 2015 and 2016. Samples were analyzed for the presence of thermotolerant coliforms, E. coli and heterotrophs. DNA was extracted from E. coli isolates, followed by genotypic characterization by polymerase chain reaction. Agricultural activities and pesticides used in the sampling period were documented in order to assess possible relationships between agricultural activities and microbiological water quality. The absence of suitable riparian vegetation around all the ponds was observed, benefiting the entry of organic matter and contaminants in the water body. A high index of thermotolerant coliforms in some months indicated the possibility of the transmission of pathogenic microorganisms in these ponds. The values found in some months were above the regulatory limits for water potability and water intended for irrigation. The agrochemicals used in the period seem to influence the results obtained. All 17 E. coli isolates showed at least one of the virulence genes estA, stx1, stx2, and aatA, indicating enterotoxigenic, enterohaemorrhagic or enteroaggregative nature. The presence of E. coli in the waters may be associated with the presence of animals. The water samples analyzed are not suitable for irrigation of vegetables that are consumed raw and/or low lying fruits ingested without skin removal. It is essential to broaden the control of the use of chemicals, as well as the preservation of riparian vegetation to improve the quality of water used in the farm's agricultural activities.
Evaluation of an alternative technique for preserving crustaceans in dry conditions with joint mobility: a proposal for didactic purposes
Authors: Costa Amanda Brito , Silva Márcio Borba da , Fraga Ricardo Evangelista , Rocha Agda Alves da , Nishiyama Patrícia Belini , Anjos Matheus Santos dos , Buchaim Joaquim Jorge Silveira , Rocha Mariane Amorim
Published: May 2021

Although crustaceans are traditionally preserved in liquids (formaldehyde and/or ethyl alcohol), those substances tend to alter their morphological aspects. Glycerin, used in human anatomy, is considered a good substitute for formaldehyde, as it preserves animals in states similar to in vivo conditions. There are no records in the literature, however, concerning the use of glycerin for conserving invertebrates. The objective of this work was to elaborate and evaluate alternative techniques for conserving the crustacean Ucides cordatus (Linnaeus, 1763). Six fixatives (1, 3, 4 and 5% formaldehyde, 70% alcohol, and dietrich solution) and two controls (positive and negative) were tested, as well as the effects of freezing before fixation on the integrity of U. cordatus specimens. Our results were evaluated with respect to nine variables. The treatments that demonstrated the best aesthetic results were 4% formaldehyde and 70% ethyl alcohol. The freezing of the animals resulted in brittle organs in all treatments tested. The technique discussed here is extremely promising for the conservation of animals for educational purposes, as it produces preserved specimens that are aesthetically similar to their in vivo conditions.
Floral and reproductive biology and pollinators of Campomanesia guazumifolia (Cambess.) O. Berg., neglected species
Authors: Guollo Karina , Wagner Junior Américo , Kosera Neto Carlos , Radaelli Juliana Cristina
Published: May 2021

Studies on the Myrtaceae family are mainly distributed in floristic surveys, reproductive studies of plant communities or related to family taxonomy. Based on this, the objective of the present study was to elucidate aspects of floral and reproductive biology and, of floral visitors from Campomanesia guazumifolia (Cambess.) O. Berg., a neglected species. Information was obtained on floral morphology and morphometry, anthesis, nectary, and structures attractive to pollinators, characterization of pollinators, receptiveness of stigma and maturing of the androecium components, and characterization of the reproductive system. Sete-capote tree has hermaphrodite flowers, and the floral opening occurs mainly during the daytime. Pollen grains was the main resource offered to pollinators. The flowers had mellow sweet odor, attracting mainly native bees and Apis melifera, which was characterized as effective pollinators. The species presents high reproductive efficiency and could be considered self-compatible; however, fertilization also occurs by cross-pollination.
Pedagogical theories and the process of internalization of moral values
Authors: Vieira Juliana Santos Monteiro , Feldens Dinamara Garcia
Published: May 2021

The present article proposes to reflect on the process of internalization of moral values as the primary objective of Education, through historical and philosophical sources, analyzing, for this, theoretical frameworks of Pedagogy, such as: Comenius, Pestalozzi, Herbart and Durkheim. Our methodology was based on the bibliographic and authorial writings of these theorists and we try to question the logic established in pedagogical discourses, starting from the critic of moral values formulated by Friedrich Nietzsche, emphasizing aspects present in the referred theories and their reverberations in singularities and collectivities. The process of internalizing moral values had as its priority making education an instrument for the ordering of subjects, making it useful to the interests of state culture. It is understood that subjectivities are constituted inside and outside for the moral field and that the same is not alien or should be non-existent in school. However, it has been attempted to demonstrate in this article, how the moral field has been reduced to a process of disciplining and ordering, according to pre-determined models, virtues and values, which shows the limited pedagogical perspective in the vision of the moral field, which from its conception responds to interests and prioritizes the maintenance of the status quo.
Profesionalización docente en el Ecuador: una experiencia de justicia e inclusión social
Authors: Pérez-Morales Patricia , Zambrano-Vacacela Luis Leonardo , Mejía-Vera Johanna Grace
Published: May 2021

El presente artículo parte de una aproximación conceptual que toma como referencia los enfoques de Fraser y Honneth; Martín, Pineda, y Rodríguez; Murillo y Castilla y Escudero, entre otros autores que han investigado temáticas relacionadas con la justicia y la inclusión social, para luego contextualizarlas en el Ecuador desde una experiencia de formación docente ofertada por la Universidad Nacional de Educación (UNAE) en convenio inicialmente suscrito con el Ministerio de Educación (MINEDUC), y posteriormente con la Secretaria Técnica de la Circunscripción Territorial Especial Amazónica (STCTEA), ejecutándose en las nueve provincias correspondientes a las distintas zonas administrativas durante el período 2016-2019. Seguidamente se examinaron bases de datos, gubernamentales y educativas, para luego analizar e interpretar la información referente a la formación y el acceso a la educación por parte de grupos vulnerables que requieren la profesionalización docente. Desde una mirada que reivindica la justicia y la inclusión social en el marco de las políticas de aseguramiento para el ingreso y permanencia de grupos vulnerables en el sistema educativo del Ecuador, se planteó la necesidad de este estudio cuyo objetivo fue el de caracterizar a la población participante en el Proyecto Néopass@ction©: una experiencia colaborativa de video-formación para la profesionalización docente en Ecuador, relacionando las variables: autodefinición étnica, género y edad, con la necesidad de formación docente a nivel nacional y la cobertura dada mediante la modalidad de educación a distancia.
Literatura, tradução, adaptação e intermidialidade: entrevista com Thaïs Flores Nogueira Diniz
Authors: Luz Cleber da Silva , Wallau Vanessa Luiza de , Marins Liliam Cristina
Published: May 2021

Na entrevista que segue, a professora discorre sobre as relações entre traduzir e adaptar, assim como apresenta sua compreensão sobre a relação entre literatura e outras artes. Comenta e avalia o trabalho com as mídias em sala de aula e os desafios da área de estudos da intermidialidade no processo de formação de leitores diante da circulação e do contato com diferentes mídias e arquiteturas textuais que representam as transformações da arte contemporânea. Discute, também, a expansão dos estudos intermidiáticos na academia brasileira ao recuperar os percalços do passado, ao problematizar as adversidades do presente e ao instigar a reflexão em torno dos desdobramentos futuros.
The Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase SHP-1 (PTPN6) but Not CD45 (PTPRC) Is Essential for the Ligand-Mediated Regulation of CD22 in BCR-Ligated B Cells
Authors: Alborzian Deh Sheikh Amin , Akatsu Chizuru , Abdu-Allah Hajjaj H. M. , Suganuma Yuki , Imamura Akihiro , Ando Hiromune , Takematsu Hiromu , Ishida Hideharu , Tsubata Takeshi
Published: May 2021

CD22 is an inhibitory B cell coreceptor that regulates B cell development and activation by downregulating BCR signaling through activation of SH2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-1 (SHP-1). CD22 recognizes α2,6 sialic acid as a specific ligand and interacts with α2,6 sialic acid-containing membrane molecules, such as CD45, IgM, and CD22, expressed on the same cell. Functional regulation of CD22 by these endogenous ligands enhances BCR ligation-induced signaling and is essential for normal B cell responses to Ags. In this study, we demonstrate that CD45 plays a crucial role in CD22-mediated inhibition of BCR ligation-induced signaling. However, disruption of ligand binding of CD22 enhances CD22 phosphorylation, a process required for CD22-mediated signal inhibition, upon BCR ligation in CD45−/− as well as wild-type mouse B cells but not in mouse B cells expressing a loss-of-function mutant of SHP-1. This result indicates that SHP-1 but not CD45 is required for ligand-mediated regulation of CD22. We further demonstrate that CD22 is a substrate of SHP-1, suggesting that SHP-1 recruited to CD22 dephosphorylates nearby CD22 as well as other substrates. CD22 dephosphorylation by SHP-1 appears to be augmented by homotypic CD22 clustering mediated by recognition of CD22 as a ligand of CD22 because CD22 clustering increases the number of nearby CD22. Our results suggest that CD22 but not CD45 is an endogenous ligand of CD22 that enhances BCR ligation-induced signaling through SHP-1–mediated dephosphorylation of CD22 in CD22 clusters.
Geospatial modelling to estimate the territory at risk of establishment of influenza type A in Mexico - An ecological study
Authors: Ibarra-Zapata Enrique , Gaytán-Hernández Darío , Gallegos-García Verónica , González-Acevedo Claudia Elena , Meza-Menchaca Thuluz , Rios-Lugo María Judith , Hernández-Mendoza Héctor
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study was to estimate the territory at risk of establishment of influenza type A (EOITA) in Mexico, using geospatial models. A spatial database of 1973 outbreaks of influenza worldwide was used to develop risk models accounting for natural (natural threat), anthropic (man-made) and environmental (combination of the above) transmission. Then, a virus establishment risk model; an introduction model of influenza A developed in another study; and the three models mentioned were utilized using multi-criteria spatial evaluation supported by geographically weighted regression (GWR), receiver operating characteristic analysis and Moran’s I. The results show that environmental risk was concentrated along the Gulf and Pacific coasts, the Yucatan Peninsula and southern Baja California. The identified risk for EOITA in Mexico were: 15.6% and 4.8%, by natural and anthropic risk, respectively, while 18.5% presented simultaneous environmental, natural and anthropic risk. Overall, 28.1% of localities in Mexico presented a High/High risk for the establishment of influenza type A (area under the curve=0.923, P<0.001; GWR, r2=0.840, P<0.001; Moran’s I =0.79, P<0.001). Hence, these geospatial models were able to robustly estimate those areas susceptible to EOITA, where the results obtained show the relation between the geographical area and the different effects on health. The information obtained should help devising and directing strategies leading to efficient prevention and sound administration of both human and financial resources.
GLI OBIETTIVI DI SVILUPPO SOSTENIBILE DELLE NAZIONI UNITE 2015-2030
Authors: Martinelli Alberto
Published: May 2021

Non disponibile.
AGRICOLTURA SOSTENIBILE
Authors: Sorlini Claudia
Published: May 2021

Non disponibile.
ACCESSO UNIVERSALE ALL’ISTRUZIONE DI QUALITÀ
Authors: Kostoris Fiorella
Published: May 2021

Non disponibile.
Ethylacetate fraction of Anthocleista vogelii Planch demonstrates antiobesity activities in preclinical models
Authors: Anyanwu Gabriel O. , Qamar Hafiz Misbah ud Din , Iqbal Jamshed , Ejaz Syeda A. , Onyeneke Eusebius C. , Khan Shafi U. , Rauf Khalid , Rahman Nisar-ur
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To assess the anti-obesity effect of liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LCMS) profiled ethylacetate fraction (EF) of Anthocleista vogelii Planch on pancreatic lipase activity in vitro, and on obesity-related hormones in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats.

Methods: Chromatographic analysis of EF to identify bioactive compounds was performed using LCMS electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) positive mode. Thirty Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups (n = 6). Group 1 was fed normal pellet diet, while groups 2 - 5 were fed high-fat diet (HFD) for 14 weeks. The rats were treated for 4 weeks from week 10 with 125 mg/kg of EF (group 3), 250 mg/kg of EF (group 4) or 100 mg/kg of orlistat (group 5).

Results: Seven alkaloids were identified in EF, namely, 10-hydroxycamtothecin, moschamindole, camptothecin, moschamine, N6-cis-p-coumaroylserotonin, sinomenine and desacetylcolchicine. The EF of A. vogelii exhibited inhibitory activity against pancreatic lipase with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 8.76 ± 0.110 µg/mL. Rats treated with EF (125 and 250 mg/kg) of A. vogelii showed significantly (p < 0.05) decreased feed intake, body weight, leptin and insulin, when compared to HFD controls. Cortisol, serotonin and noradrenaline were significantly (p < 0.05) increased, but changes in thyroid hormones levels in EF-treated rats were not significant (p > 0.05) when compared to HFD controls.

Conclusion: The EF of A. vogelii demonstrate anti-obesity activities by inhibiting pancreatic lipase, elevating serotonin and noradrenaline, and increasing leptin sensitivity, leading consequently to decreased body weight of rats. However, the clinical use of EF of A. vogelii as an antiobesity herbal remedy requires further studies on its mechanisms of action.