bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Distal Cervical Caries in Mandibular Second Molar caused by impacted third molar
Authors: Khan M Arshman , Hussain Talib , Babar Bilal Z. , Bajwa Sikandar J. , Ghani S. , Gulfam Faiza , Khan Afrasiab , Khurshid M. , Fayyaz M
Published: December 2021

Aim: To analyse early recognition of the distal cervical caries of mandibular second molar caused by impacted mandibular third molar, to correlate oral health and caries status and to find out the average age groups and gender affected by impacted third molar Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 300 participants was conducted over a 15-month period at Rehmat Memorial Hospital, Abbottabad. 300 participants having impacted third molar having distal cervical caries in mandibular second molar were analyzed clinically and radiographically. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23.0 Results: the demographic data of 300 patients with impacted mandibular third molars were analyzed. 64% were male and 36% female that have extractions due to impaction. Caries caused in more than half of participants by mesioangular impaction, which was 52%, 3% due to distoangular, 26% due to distal, and 18% due to horizontal impaction. In 63.25% of cases, teeth were lost due to caries, periodontitis caused 20.25% of tooth loss, pericoronitis 7.75%, orthodontics 3.75%, prosthodontics 1.2%, trauma 1%, and other factors were 2.5%. study reveals that 30.5 % of the extractions were done from 21 and 30 years and 23 %of extractions were performed. 40% of those who took part in the study did not brush their teeth. Socioeconomic status also has a great impact on tooth extractions. Conclusion: After conducting this study, it was concluded that there was a relationship between the prevalence of distal cervical caries in mandibular second molars and the placement of neighbouring impacted mandibular third molars. As a result, the extraction of mandibular third molars should be done to avoid cavities and premature tooth loss in the neighboring molar. Key words: Third molar impaction, distoangular, distal cervical caries, extraction, 2nd molar caries
Modified Lift Versus Cutting Seton for Transphincteric Fistula -Experience at Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Najam Iqbal Muhammad , Nasir Ashfaq
Published: December 2021

Background: Fistula in ano is a common disease which has high recurrence rate and high fecal incontinence rate after surgery. We compared modified LIFT (Ligation of the intersphincteric fistula tract (LIFT) through lateral approach ) with cutting seton for transphincteric fistula. Aim: This study is aimed at which procedure is better with respect to postoperative complications Study design: It was a prospective comparative study. Methods: This was a prospective comparative study from 01-01-2019 to 30-06-2021 which was conducted on 50 patients who presented with transsphincteric fistula in ano (FIA) in surgical ward of Bahawal Victoria Hospital Bahawalpur. Patients were divided into two groups .Patients of Group A underwent modified lift procedure and patients of group B underwent cutting seton procedure. Data was collected on a proforma which included patients’ name ,age ,sex, age group, comorbid disease like diabetes mellitus ,chronic liver disease, cardiovascular disease and chronic renal failure, fistula tract involving less than 50% or more than 50% external sphincter ,procedure done, healing time of wound, complications like recurrence and incontinence. Patients were followed for 6 months for healing rate ,recurrence and incontinence. Data was analysed on spss 22 version Results: In Group A, complete healing (fistula closure without recurrence) was achieved in 20 patients (80%) out of 25. There was no case of anal incontinence after the procedure. 5 (20%) patients experienced recurrence in 6 months . In Group B, complete healing (fistula closure without recurrence) was achieved in 21 patients (84%), in 6 months follow up . 4(16%) patients were diagnosed as a case of anal incontinence. There were 4 (16%) patients with recurrence. Conclusion: Modified LIFT is better in terms of incontinence where as cutting seton is better in terms of recurrence.it is suggested that for high lying fistula modified LIFT is better procedure and for low lying fistula involving less than 50% sphincter cutting seton is better procedure.. Keywords: Modified LIFT (ligation of ineter sphincteric fistula tract) ,Cutting seton , transphincteric fistula.
Incidence and Knowledge of Occupational Health Hazards in Prosthodontic Practice at a Tertiary Hospital in Islamabad
Authors: Riaz Hira , Zaki Salva , Athar Nadia Muhammad , Ghafoor Chaudhary Muhammad Aamir , Ishaq Waleed , Farooq Kamran Muhammad
Published: December 2021

Aim: To explore various occupational hazards and assess the level of awareness among dental students Methods: Data was prospectively collected from 80 under-graduate and post-graduate students on voluntary basis. A questionnaire pertaining to the occupational hazards was handed over to the subjects and their responses were then tabulated for statistical analysis. The study design was descriptive cross sectional. Results: Among 80 participants, chemical burns was reported by 18(22.5%), thermal burns via hot instrument by 72(90%), injuries from spirit lamp by 64(80%) , needle prick injury by 37(46.3%), injuries from sharp instruments by 74(92.5%), injuries from micro-motor by 48(60%), allergic dermatitis by 25(31.3%), hot material injury by 63(78.8%) and eye irritation by 31(38.8%). While performing daily procedures and handling patients, 100% wore gloves, 95% of the participants wore masks, 32% used protective eye wear, 97.5% followed safety protocols and 92.5% washed their hands post-operatively. Adequate knowledge regarding occupational safety was reported by 100% of participants. The source of knowledge was found to be electronic media among 50% participants, social media among 27.5% participants and social media among the remaining 22.5%. Alarmingly, only 7.5% participants had received training regarding occupational safety. 48.8% followed occupational safety protocols and 93.8% were aware of the system that existed in case of any accidents happened. Conclusion: The findings of this study are consistent with the previous studies indicating a high risk of occupational health hazards in dentistry. Keywords: Occupational accidents, Prosthodontics, Allergic dermatitis
Hydration Matters - Role of body Hydration in pain control during Endodontic Therapy
Authors: Sana Usman , Arshad Rizwan , Ahmed Khan Zubair , Muddassar Muhammad , Hoti Kamal Khan , Zahid Nabeel
Published: December 2021

Aim: To assess the relationship of body hydration levels and its impact on pain control during endodontic therapy. Methods: 500 patients were included who required endodontic therapy for irreversible pulpitis. Patient’s body weight was measured in kilograms, while their hydration was calculated the number of glasses of water consumed daily. The pain was measured using the numeric pain for the level of pain perceived during endodontic treatment. Data collection and analysis was done using SPSS version 23. Results: A significant correlations exist between patient’s pain perception during endodontic therapy and their body hydration levels. Our findings suggest that pain levels during endodontic procedures can be reduced with adequate body hydration. Conclusion: Pre-operative assessment of patient’s hydration can help reduce pain during endodontic treatment. Hence, it is important to consider adequately water intake to reduce pain during the endodontic treatment. Keywords: Water intake, body hydration, endodontic treatment, pain.
Diabetic COVID -19 Patients are prone to Respiratory Distress Syndrome as compared to Non-Diabetic COVID -19 Patients.
Authors: Memon Ali Raza , Akram Muhammad , Shaikh Farheen , Zohaib Shaikh Muhammad , Memon Rizwan Ahmed , Rizwan Fazeela
Published: December 2021

Background: COVID-19 is the alarming problem for all over the world due to its fast spread infection mode and uncertainty in mortality rate. The diabetic population is prone for comorbidity with COVID-19 due to injurious fashion develops in respiratory system. Aim: To compare the serum Lactate dehydrogenase levels in diabetic patients with COVID-19 & non diabetic patients with COVID-19. Methodology: This comparative study was done at Ali medical center Hala New District Matiari Sindh. 42 diabetic & non diabetic clinically suspected cases COVID -19 with fever, cough, shortness of breath, non-pneumonic opacities on digital X.ray with raised TLC, ESR & CRP. The data analyzed for significance on SPSS 19 by applying student t test. Results: The serum LDH levels was significantly raised (p<0.001) in group A contained COVID-19 patients with diabetes as compared to COVID-19 patients with no diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: COVID -19 diabetic population will be more prone to develop the respiratory complications. Keywords: COVID-19, Serum LDH, Diabetes Mellitus, Respiratory Distress Syndrome.
embB Gene association with Ethambutol drug Resistance in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Patients
Authors: Hafeez Sana , Sajid Haleema , Qamar Malik Farouk , Zaidi Imran Ali , Niaz Sobia , Iqtidar Amna
Published: December 2021

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is fatal and life threatening infectious disease. The transmission rate of tuberculosis is very high. Various drugs are used as treatment for TB. Recently it has been observed that one of the most important factor for fast TB spread is development of anti-TB drug resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Various combination of drugs like isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RIF), Streptomycin(SM), pyrazinamide (PZA) or ethambutol (EMB) are in global use for TB treatment. Improper usage of these drugs makes the person prone to develop anti-TB drug resistant tuberculosis. Aim: To evaluate association of embB gene with ethambutol resistance in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. Methods: 104 Specimens of sputum from suspected tuberculosis patients were processed for inoculation in Lowenstein J Medium after it has been decontaminated properly. Kit method by using QIAamp DNA Mini kit was utilized for extraction of DNA. Then region from base 6953 to 10249 of embB gene was amplified through PCR and then followed by sequencing with the aid of softwares blast2seq and ClustalW2. Three primer sets were utilized to amplify embB gene. Ethambutol (EMB) Resistant MTB specimens were processed to study mutation in embB gene. Results: Out of the total 104 sputum specimens, 14 samples were found to have ethambutol resistance. These 14 samples were then processed for mutational analysis. DNA sequence analysis of these 14 samples confirmed embB gene mutation in 10 samples. Mutational analysis revealed that 08 samples showed mutation at codon 306 and two samples showed mutation at 319 codon. The reported mutation Methionine →Isoleucine was seen in 07 samples with ATG codon replaced by ATA codon at codon position 306. One sample showed mutation as Methionine →Isoleucine with ATG codon replaced by ATC codon at codon position 306. Two samples showed mutation as Tyrosine →Serine with TAT codon replaced by TCT at 319 codon position in embB gene. Conclusion: This study concludes that mutation of certain genes particularly point mutation of embB gene at codon 306 and 319 is associated with drug resistance of ethambutol in ethambutol resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis patients. Keywords: Ethambutol, embB gene, Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Technical Quality Assessment of Root Canal Treatment on ETP by Pre-Clinical Students at Fatima Jinnah Dental College
Authors: Ruaaz Rafia , Bilal Bashir Muhammad , Basim Maryam , Allana Zohra , Askary Hussain , Askary Gulrukh
Published: December 2021

Background: Students at pre clinical level at Fatima Jinnah Dental College are taught root canal treatment on endodontic typodonts. Technical quality of the root canal treatments performed by these students was assessed to determine success of teaching methodology and reinforcement of tooth morphology concepts. Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, obturation quality of 20 anterior and 30 posterior endodontic typodonts were evaluated on the parameters of length, density and taper. The collected data was evaluated using SPSS software, version 20.0. Chi square analysis was applied to compare the quality of root canal obturation between types of tooth. Kappa statistics was used for inter examiner reliability. Results: After assessing the three variables, adequate length control was observed in (92.9%), while 7.1% of under filling was seen in both groups. Percentage of teeth showed homogeneity in obturation density that is 30%, 60% teeth showed acceptable, whereas 10% showed unacceptable obturation homogeneity. 55.6% teeth showed perfect obturation taper and 4% showed acceptable. Conclusion: The obtained results showed root canal treatment quality done by Fatima Jinnah Dental College undergraduate dental students to be adequate on anterior endodontic typodont teeth as compared to posterior endodontic teeth. This will guide us in utilizing further demonstration hours and more practice time on posterior endodontic teeth. Our study also displayed the need of incorporating hands on practice of root canal treatments on extracted teeth before students are allowed to work on patients. Keywords: Root Canal Treatment, Endodontic Typodont, Obturation, Preclinical.
Long Term Evaluation of Paraumbilical Hernioplasty by Onlay Technique
Authors: Ahmad Aqeel , Muhammad Shah Syed Tahir , Rizwan Qadir Muhammad , Usman Aslam Muhammad , Yousaf Imran , ussain Khan Abid
Published: December 2021

Objective: To evaluate long term results of paraumbilical hernioplasty by onlay technique. Material & Methods: This prospective study was started in Jan 2017 and completed in Oct 2021. A total number of 196 patients having paraumbilical hernia were included in the study by convenient sampling. Patients with recurrent, strangulated and obstructed hernia as well as patients with ulcerated skin over the hernia were excluded from the study. All the patients were operated under general anesthesia with muscle relaxants. A non-absorbable standard prolene mesh (15x15 cm or 30x30 cm) was used and fixed with prolene 3-0 suture. Redivac drain was used over the mesh for minimum of three days. After discharge, all the operated cases were advised to visit the outpatient department after one week, one month, three months, six months, one year and two years. Maximum follow-up was two years and minimum was one year to assess the long term complication including recurrence. Demographic data along with diagnosis, complication, were collected and analyzed with Excel 2019. Results: Total 196 patients were operated for paraumbilical hernia. From which 53 were male and 143 were female. Minimum age was 18 years old and oldest patient was 78 years old. Average age was 40.19± 10 years, median age was 38 years. Seroma was seen in 04 patients. Superficial wound infection was observed in 02 patient no deep-seated infection was reported in our study. During three months of follow-up, numbness was noted in 03 patients and 02 patients had pain at the operation site during manual work. After two years recurrence was observed in two female patients, who failed to control their weight. Conclusion: Paraumbilical hernia is very common presentation in female patients. In order to prevent complication of hernia like, incarceration, strangulation and obstruction, early repair of the hernia is recommended in all the cases. Onlay mesh hernioplasty is one of the safest techniques which is relatively easy procedure, has a short learning curve with promising results. It has a low recurrence rate. Keywords: Onlay Mesh hernioplasty, Paraumbilical Hernia, PUH.
To Study the Deteriorating Effects of Lithium Carbonate on Thyroid Gland - A Study in Albino Rats
Authors: Kohari Tazeen , Iqbal Malik Zaffar , Ahmad Aftab , Asad Khan Rana M.
Published: December 2021

Background: The human thyroid gland is located in the front of neck. It consists of two lobes. The two lobes are joined with each other by isthmus. The mood stabilizer Lithium Caronate has deleterious effects on the thyroid gland. Aim: To observe and report the data of the harmful effect of Lithium on the weight changes of thyroid gland. Methods: Sixteen rats were selected for this experimental study. The rodents were divided into two groups. Group A comprised of eight animals which were given laboratory diet, Group B contained eight albinos who were given Tablet Lithium Carbonate in powder form at a dose of 60 mg/day for four weeks. After completion of the study time animals were sacrificed and thyroid gland weight were recorded and compared in both groups. Results: The results in both groups were recorded and compared .It was reported that Group B animals had a highly significantly decreased thyroid weight after four weeks Lithium ingestion than Group A control group. Conclusion: The results of our study concluded that Lithium Carbonate damages thyroid glandular tissue and causes its weight to decline. Key words: Thyroid gland, Isthmus, deteriorating
Association of AVPR1A Polymorphism with Criminal Intent
Authors: Iqbal Anam , Shahid Butt Usman , Akhtar Nasreen , Ali Riasat , Ali Tooba , Zaheer Sadia
Published: December 2021

Background: The human behavior is influenced by genetic as well as environment components. Likewise, the aggressive behavior having an intent of criminality is also governed by both environmental and genetic makeup. Aim: The genetic element has been explored by analyzing the microsatellite RS1 and RS3 of AVPRIA gene which showed strong variations in short tandem repeats (STRs) of convicted offenders when they were compared with normal population. Methods: Blood samples of 100 convicted offenders were taken and DNA was extracted using PCI protocol. The PCR was then carried out using primers and the products were send for gene sequencing. The results were compared with that of general population having no history of crime or psychological abnormality. Results: The microsatellite RS1 and RS3 of AVPRIA gene showed strong variations in short tandem repeats (STRs) of convicted offenders when they were compared with normal population. Keywords: AVPR1A, criminal intent, PCR
Incidence of Pregnancy Induced Hypertensive Women and its Associated Factors
Authors: Saifullah Samia , Shoaib Maryam , Sohail Tareen Muhammad , Sikander Baloch Nosheen
Published: December 2021

Background: Pregnancy induced hypertension is a fetal disease resulting into morbidity and mortality of female as well as its neonate. Objective: To find the incidence of pregnancy induced hypertension in Pakistani women. Study Design: Cross sectional study Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Sandeman Provincial Hospital, Quetta from 1st March 2019 to 31st March 2021. Methodology: Seven hundred and twenty eight females were identified with pregnancy induced hypertension from all the pregnant women attending the outdoor were enrolled. Each female was checked for their protein urea as well as systolic and diastolic blood pressure according to standard operating protocol. Socio-demographic, clinical and family history were documented. Results: Among all pregnant women, 150 were identified as pregnancy induced hypertensive with a 20.6% incidence of pregnancy induced hypertension. The mean value systolic blood pressure value was 144.3±5.2 and of diastolic as 83.1±5.2 in pregnancy induced hypertension women. Conclusion: Family history, obesity and renal diseases are the main factors associated with pregnancy induced hypertension with an incidence of 20.6% among pregnant women. Keywords: Pregnancy induced hypertension, Body mass index, Pregnant women, Hypertension
Effect of Maternal Migraine during Gestation and Delivery Outcomes
Authors: Shoaib Maryam , Sohail Tareen Muhammad , Saifullah Samia , Umar Fahmida
Published: December 2021

Background: Migraine is defined as a condition accompanied with head ache, nausea, visual and sound sensitivity. Objective: To determine the effect of migraine on maternal and neonatal health. Study Design: Case control study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Sandeman Provincial Hospital, Quetta from 1st August 2018 to 31st August 2021. Methodology: One hundred pregnant women divided into migraine and non-migraine groups were enrolled. Both groups were assessed for their sociodemographic, clinical and biochemical status. Their information was documented. Results: Group I females were above 36 years of age and were in their first trimester. There were 56% women who did not presented visual aura. More irritability, pre-term labour and preeclampsia, risk of C section and hypertension was noticed in group I than Group II. Conclusion: Migraine is linked with higher risk of hypertension, preeclampsia, C section and low birth weight new born. Key words: Migraine, Pregnancy, Low birth weight
The Effects of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Women Wrestlers Preparing for the Olympics
Authors: Karayazi Tulay
Published: December 2021

Background: While the whole world is struggling with COVID-19, the world of sports is also struggling with an unprecedented situation. The postponement of the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games by the International Olympic Committee and the cancellation or postponement of all competitions and sports activities in Turkey adversely affected the success of the athletes who will take part in these organizations, both psychologically and physically. Aims: In the study, the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic process on five female wrestlers in the Tokyo 2020 Olympics were investigated. Method: In the study conducted with the athletes in the Olympic team, the phenomenology design was used. The study group of the research consists of 5 female wrestlers in the Tokyo 2020 Olympic team. Results: As a result of the research, it is seen that the negative effects of the process are seen in general, and the training obstacle in particular hinders their work. The fact that they lost their form due to the restriction of training and quarantine due to catching Covid-19 is among the research findings that negatively affect the preparation processes for the Olympic competitions. Conclusion: Athletes can be provided with additional psychological support through the clubs they are affiliated with. Various trainings/camps, etc., are organized in order for the athletes to regain their lost physical performance during the said period. can be planned. Various motivational activities can be organized in order to eliminate the negative effects of the pandemic process. Keywords: Covid-19, Female Wrestler, Olympic
Investigation of perceived stress situations in university students during the corona virus outbreak process
Authors: Aksoy Yener
Published: December 2021

Background: Stress is defined as the body's mental and physical action and reaction to any physical or psychological stimulus in order to achieve the necessary adaptation. Aim: In this study, it was aimed to investigate the perceived stress situations of university students during the corona virus outbreak process. Methods: The perceived stress scale filled by 489 university students was evaluated. Independent t-test, paired t-test, unidirectional variance analysis and LSD tests were used in statistical operations. Results: Perceived stress is statistically different in both pre-epidemic and throughout the epidemic cases by gender (p <0.001). It was also found that the perceived stress was higher during the outbreak compared to the pre-outbreak situation (p <0.001). There was a statistically significant difference between the perceived stress scores of the students who said that the sleep patterns of the students did not change, I slept more or less (p <0.001). Stress level changed according to the state of doing sports (p<0.001).There was no significant difference in stress scores between watching TV and watching corona virus news on the internet (p> 0.05). There was a significant difference in perceived stress scores in social media according to the frequency of exposure (p <0.001). Conclusion: During the corona virus epidemic, students' perceived stress levels increased. People who do not do sports were more affected by this process. Perceived stress situations have changed according to the level of exposure to coronavirus news on social media. In order to get rid of the stress of the corona virus epidemic, it is recommended to do sports, strengthen the immune system and be less exposed to scary news on social media. Keywords: Corona virus, perceived stress, student, sport
Effects of time-of-day on repeated sprint performance of aromatherapy massage applied young futsal players
Authors: Bayer Ramazan , Eken Özgür
Published: December 2021

Background: Different protocols are applied in order to increase the performance of athletes in sports that include high-intensity activities such as futsal. Massage protocols applied before or after exercise are frequently used for performance improvement. The differences in oils used in the massage and the time of day may vary performance levels of the futsal players. Aim: This study was planned to determine the effects of time-of-day on repeated sprint performance of aromatherapy massage applied young futsal players. Methods: Twelve male athletes between the age of 18-25, who exercised regularly for five days a week and played futsal for at least 4 years, participated in the study (age, 20.50± 1.78 years; height, 171.92± 2.23 cm; 67.92 ± 2.42 kg; BMI 23.06±.77). The research protocols consisted of three different protocols as single group, non-massage protocol (NM), Swedish massage applied protocol (SM), and aromatherapy massage applied protocol (ATM). In addition, three measurements were taken for each protocol and measurements were made at different times of the day (09.00 in the morning; 13.00 in the afternoon; 17.00 in the evening). After each measurement, the Repetitive Sprint Test (RST) (6x20m) measurements of the athletes were taken. While evaluating RST results, the fastest sprint time (FS), total sprint time and percent change (PC) from the first sprint to the last sprint were calculated. Results: It was determined that there was a statistical difference between RST values observed at different times of the day after NM, SM and ATM protocols. In addition, among all protocols, ATM protocol was found to be more effective. Conclusion: It was determined that ATM had a positive effect on RST performance compared to NM and SM protocols and the ATM protocol applied in the evening was more effective than the ATM protocol applied in the morning and afternoon. Keywords: Futsal, Diurnal Variation, Aromatherapy Massage, Repetitive Sprint.
Destinasyon Rekabetçiliği ile Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımlar Arasındaki İlişki: Panel Veri Analizi
Authors: BURNAZ Ersin , KAROĞLU Ertuğrul
Published: December 2021

Ülkeler arasındaki önemli rekabet konularından birisi dünya turizminden daha yüksek oranda pay almak ve turizm yatırımlarından azami düzeyde faydalanmaktır. Bu çalışmada ülkelerin turizm alanındaki rekabetçi güçlerinin, yabancı yatırım çekme konusunda ne derece etkili olduğunun Dunning’in OLI paradigması çerçevesinde tespiti amaçlanmıştır. Bir ülkenin turizm alanındaki rekabet gücünü belirlemek için Dünya Ekonomik Forumu tarafından oluşturulan “Turizm ve Seyahat Rekabetçilik Endeksi (TSRE)”nin 4 ana kriteri (Çevresel Faktörler, Turizm Politikalarının ve Koşullarının Etkinleştirilmesi, Altyapı, Doğal ve Kültürel Kaynaklar), OLI paradigması kapsamında kavramsallaştırılan lokasyona özgü faktörler olarak ele alınarak bağımsız değişkenler belirlenmiştir. Bağımlı değişken olarak belirlenen doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar (DYY) verilerine ise UNCTAD veri tabanı kullanılarak erişilmiştir. 8 yıl ve 114 ülkeyi kapsayan zaman uzanımlı veriler panel regresyon analizi kullanılarak test edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, destinasyon rekabetçiliğinin altyapı ile doğal ve kültürel kaynaklar değişkenlerinin DYY girişleri üzerinde anlamlı ve pozitif yönlü etkilere sahip olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.
A Unified System for Processing News and Detecting Advertisements in TV Streams
Authors: AMRANE Abdesalam , MEZİANE Abdelkrim , BOULKRİNAT Nour El Houda , ATİK Ali
Published: December 2021

Media monitoring plays an important role in the success of companies by protecting their corporate, staff, and brand reputation. With the emergence of ICT, monitoring has emerged as an inevitable means of covering various fields of media: newspapers, online news, broadcast news (TV, radio), and social networks. Companies need a 360-degree view of media sources in near real-time that reports what's going on. In this paper, we proposed a unified system for processing news and detecting advertisements in TV streams. The system architecture is completely described, and the automatic processing has been detailed. Our contributions include a TV stream segmentation method, a news topics segmentation method, and an advertisements classification model. These methods have been evaluated and given promising results. However, more improvements can be made in the future.
Deprived of Second Derivative Iterated Method for Solving Nonlinear Equations
Authors: Qureshi Umair Khalid , Jamali Sanaullah , Kalhoro Zubair Ahmed , Jinrui Guan
Published: December 2021

Non-linear equations are one of the most important and useful problems, which arises in a varied collection of practical applications in engineering and applied sciences. For this purpose, in this paper has been developed an iterative method with deprived of second derivative for the solution of non-linear problems. The developed deprived of second derivative iterative method is convergent quadratically, and which is derived from Newton Raphson Method and Taylor series. The numerical results of the developed method are compared with the Newton Raphson Method and Modified Newton Raphson Method. From graphical representation and numerical results, it has been observed that the deprived of second derivative iterative method is more appropriate and suitable as accuracy and iteration perception by the valuation of Newton Raphson Method and Modified Newton Raphson Method for estimating a non-linear problem.
Termal turizm işletmelerinde müşteri değerlendirmelerinin analizi üzerine bir araştırma: Bingöl ili örneği
Authors: ARIGTEKİN Ömer , NAS Zekeriya
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Bingöl’de bulunan termal işletmeleri ziyaret eden müşterilerin değerlendirmelerini incelemektir. Bu amaca ulaşabilmek için, kolayda örnekleme aracılığıyla 392 termal otel müşterisine anket uygulanmıştır. Toplanan anketler betimsel ve çapraz tablo analizleri ile değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen veriler değerlendirildiğinde, Bingöl termal işletmelerine gelen kişilerin % 51’nin il dışından geldiği ve bunların çoğunun da Doğu ve Güney Doğu Anadolu bölgesi illerinden olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bingöl termal işletmelerine gelenlerin çoğunlukla günübirlik olarak aile bireyleriyle birlikte şifa bulmak, dinlenmek, spor yapmak ve eğlenmek amacıyla bu turizmi tercih ettikleri tespit edilmiştir. Genel olarak işletmelere gelen müşterilerin Bingöl termal işletmelerine tekrardan gelmek istedikleri belirlenmiş olmakla birlikte bu çalışmayla termal işletmelerde verilen hizmetten memnun kalmayan bir ziyaretçi kitlesinin de olduğu ortaya koyulmuştur. Ki kare testinin sonuçlarına göre; cinsiyete göre müşterilerin geliş sayıları, tavsiye etme düşünceleri ve odaların temizliğinin yeterliliğini değerlendirmeleri bakımından anlamlı farklılık olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Diğer yandan cinsiyete göre kaplıca ve çevresinde eksikliği hissedilen faaliyetler ve memnun kalınan faaliyetler bakımından anlamlı farklılık olmadığı ortaya çıkmıştır.
ՍՈՑԻԱԼԱԿԱՆ ՊԵՏՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՀԱՍԿԱՑՈՒԹՅՈՒՆԸ ԵՎ ՍԱՀՄԱՆԱԴՐԱԿԱՆ ՍԿԶԲՈՒՆՔՆԵՐԸ/THE CONCEPT OF SOCIAL STATE AND ITS CONSTITUTIONAL PRINCIPLES/ПОНЯТИЕ СОЦИАЛЬНОГО ГОСУДАРСТВА И ЕГО КОНСТИТУЦИОННЫЕ ПРИНЦИПЫ
Authors: Jomardyan Nune
Published: December 2021

The given article is aimed at revealing the content of the social state as a constitutional category. The analyses are thence based on the approaches of scientific literature and the author's own interpretations. It should be mentioned that the main peculiarities of social state has been analyzed taking into deep consideration of its constitutional and legal principles together with its relation to other constitutional principles․
ՀԱՇՏՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՀԱՄԱՁԱՅՆՈՒԹՅՈՒՆԸ ՀԱՇՏԱՐԱՐԱԿԱՆ ԳՈՐԾԸՆԹԱՑՆԵՐՈՒՄ ՈՐՊԵՍ ՎԵՃԻ ԼՈՒԾՄԱՆ ՄԻՋՈՑ/SETTLEMENT AGREEMENT AMONG CONCILIATION PROCEDURES AS A DISPUTE OF RESOLUTION/МИРОВОЕ СОГЛАШЕНИЕ СРЕДИ ПРИМИРИТЕЛЬНЫХ ПРОЦЕДУР КАК СРЕДСТВО РАЗРЕШЕНИЯ СПОРОВ
Authors: Chobanyan Armine
Published: December 2021

The given article analyzes the main issues of peaceful settlement of civil law disputes in the Republic of Armenia. The definitions of the concept of a settlement agreement, as well as the features and advantages of its application in conciliation procedures for the settlement of dispute have been presented. Hence, we try to propose some steps to improve legislative issues.
ՎԵՃԵՐԻ ՈՉ ԴԱՏԱԿԱՆ ԼՈՒԾՄԱՆ ՆԱԽԱԴԱՏԱԿԱՆ ԿԱՐԳԸ ՀՀ ՔԱՂԱՔԱՑԻԱԿԱՆ ԴԱՏԱՎԱՐՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՈՒՄ/NOT JUDICIAL RESOLUTION OF DISPUTES IN PRE-TRIAL ORDER IN RA CIVIL PROCEEDINGS/НЕСУДЕБНОЕ РЕШЕНИЕ СПОРОВ В ПРЕДСУДЕБНОМ ПОРЯДКЕ В ГРАЖДАНСКОМ СУДОПРОИЗВОДСТВЕ РА
Authors: Avetisyan Edgar
Published: December 2021

This article touches upon the pre-trial procedures for resolving civil disputes. The study of this issue in the light of the new out-of-court settlement of disputes set out in the current Civil Procedure Code of the Republic of Armenia is becoming more than relevant. When establishing a non-judicial dispute resolution procedure for individuals, the issue of unjustified restriction of the human right to judicial protection becomes quite important. The purpose of the study is the effective and targeted application of the pre-trial procedure prescribed by law, which should not lead to unreasonable restriction of judicial protection.
The approaches presented as a result of our research increase the effectiveness of pre-trial dispute resolution and reduce the risk of unjustified restriction of the right to judicial protection. And in some cases, the correct and targeted use of the pre-trial order is more conducive to the effective protection of human rights.
ОСНОВНЫЕ КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ ВНЕШНЕЙ ПОЛИТИКИ РОССИИ НА ЮЖНОМ КАВКАЗЕ/THE MAIN CONCEPTUAL DIRECTIONS OF RUSSIAN FOREIGN
POLICY IN THE SOUTH CAUCASUS/ՌՈՒՍԱՍՏԱՆԻ ԱՐՏԱՔԻՆ ՔԱՂԱՔԱԿԱՆՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՀԻՄՆԱԿԱՆ ՀԱՅԵՑԱԿԱՐԳԱՅԻՆ ՈՒՂՂՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆԵՐԸ ՀԱՐԱՎԱՅԻՆ ԿՈՎԿԱՍՈՒՄ
Authors: Hovasapyan Ani
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article is to present new priorities in the foreign policy of modern Russia in the South Caucasus. The study of the current directions of the Russian Federation foreign policy in the South Caucasus is especially relevant in light of the ongoing process of transformation of the balance of forces in the South Caucasus region. In the article, the author re-considers the main conceptual directions of the foreign policy of the Russian Federation with the countries of the South Caucasus, herein.
HAND GESTURE RECOGNITION IN REAL-TIME
Authors: Gupta Priyanshi , Goel Amita , Sengar Nidhi , Bahl Vashudha
Published: December 2021

Hand gesture is language through which normal people can communicate with deaf and dumb people. Hand gesture recognition detects the hand pose and converts it to the corresponding alphabet or sentence. In past years it received great attention from society because of its application. It uses machine learning algorithms. Hand gesture recognition is a great application of human computer interaction. An emerging research field that is based on human centered computing aims to understand human gestures and integrate users and their social context with computer systems. One of the unique and challenging applications in this framework is to collect information about human dynamic gestures. Keywords: Tensor Flow, Machine learning, React js, handmark model, media pipeline
Lecturas y señales
Authors: Matusevich Daniel
Published: December 2021

En esta ocasión hemos preparado una serie de sugerencias de lectura alineadas con los cambios en los hábitos culturales: reseñas mínimas, con dos o tres ideas muy breves, buscando capturar la esquiva atención de lectores atiborrados de estímulos.
Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacteria isolated from urinary tract infection in Federal Teaching Hospital Ido Ekiti
Authors: Oguntunnbi Damilola Esther  , Oyekale Oluwalana Timothy  , Ojo Bola Oluwatosin  , Adegbile Samsudeen Adeniran
Published: December 2021

The problem of antibiotic resistance remains a major concern among the patients and health care provider. This study was carried out therefore to determine the antibiotics resistance susceptibility pattern bacteria with urinary tract infections among patients attending Federal Teaching Hospital Ido-Ekiti. A total of 200 patients suspected of having a UTI were recruited for the study. The urine samples were cultured on Cysteine Lactose Electrolyte Deficient Agar (CLED) and the colonies were identified using colonial morphology and biochemical test. Antibiotics susceptibility testing was carried out using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion techniques. Out of 200 urine samples analysed 82 (41.0%) yielded significant bacteria growth belonging to 4 different genera with Escherichia coli having the highest isolation rate 42 (81.2%) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 16 (19.5%), Staphylococcus aureus 14 (17.0%) and Klebsiella aerogenes 10 (12.1%). Female patients had the highest isolation rate of 48 (58.5%) compare to their male counterpart with 34 (41.5%) isolation rate. Age group 31-40yrs had the highest isolation, rate of 20 (24.4%). The antibiotic resistance pattern exhibited by all the bacteria ranged from 14.3% to 90.5%. Gentamicin exhibited the least resistance rate. However, antibiotics resistance is frightening; therefore, there is a need for antibiogram before prescription of antibiotics for the treatment of urinary tract infection.
Varieties of English language in Lexical, Grammatical and Spelling Domain in Bosnian Highschool Context
Authors: Ahmetović Emnijeta
Published: December 2021

Classified as a Germanic language and evidently a common language, a lingua franca of the world, after years of development, English has formed a number of varieties differing in many areas, including vocabulary, pronunciation, spelling, grammar, and in some cases, accent. As a result of its widespread, it is crucial to know which variety is used, yet preferred by learners, and observe differences between them. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine the two most commonly used, often mixed, varieties of English, namely American English and British English, in one high school in central Bosnia and Herzegovina. Moreover, we aimed , to see whether students are aware of the significant differences in spelling, vocabulary, and grammatical structure. In doing so, 50 randomly selected high school students were given a test consisting of written differences related to lexical items, spelling, as well as differences visible in grammar. The findings revealed that the majority of participants prefer British English, though they are not totally aware of the differences in the mentioned areas between these two varieties; as a result, they are frequently mixing them. Lacking knowledge about these two primary varieties of English would, undeniably in some cases, lead to misunderstanding; thus, teachers should pay more attention and give more effort to raise the learners’ awareness of different varieties and their distinctive aspects.
The Problems of Halal Certification Regarding Consumer Protection in Malaysia and Indonesia
Authors: Sofiana Ratna , Utama Satria , Rohim Abdur
Published: December 2021

Halal certification is a form of the State's protection for Muslim society. Malaysia and Indonesia are two Muslim-majority countries. These two countries are concerned about providing a guarantee for the right of their people to obtain foods, drugs, and cosmetics following their Islamic beliefs. Therefore, they are to ensure halal certification as part of the efforts. In order to scrutinize the two countries' policies on halal products, this article aims to explore the problems of halal certification on consumer protection they face. This study applies a comparative approach. Data were collected by literature study in the related topics. The findings of this study conclude that, in terms of governance systems, halal certification performed by Malaysia is more organized and systematic than by Indonesia. The law enforcement of the Republic of Indonesia, compiled in Omnibus Law 2020, has a positive impact on the halal certification processes. However, it is not an appropriate guarantee of excellent governance systems due to its status after the decision of the Constitutional Court in 2020, which suspended the Â constitutionality of this Omnibus Law.
Should Trade Remedies be Eliminated from WTO: A Response to Tania Voon
Authors: K. Mishra Utkarsh , Negi Abhishek
Published: December 2021

This work is a reflection of a critical viewpoint on the academic work of Tania Voon. She argues on the elimination of trade remedies from the multilateral trading system of the World Trade Organization on the basis of various considerations, including on the basis of some lessons from Regional Trade Agreements. The article makes no attempt to strike a balance between consumer and domestic industry interests. Additionally, it must be recognized that eliminating a structural protection mechanism is not always the best course of action because, in a global market such as that of trade, there are numerous players with disparate interests. If trade remedies are eliminated, a void will exist in which there will be nothing to regulate short-term issues, which will also affect the WTO's long-term objectives.
Implementation of Halal Product Assurance in the Pharmaceutical Sector in Indonesia
Authors: Dian Luthviati Resti , Jenvitchuwong Suviwat
Published: December 2021

The goal of this research is to determine and assess the implementation of halal certification for the pharmaceutical business in accordance with Law Number 33 of 2014 on Halal Product Assurance, as well as the variables that hinder and support its implementation. The impact of the JPH Law on the process value chain and supply chain of drugs and vaccines results in a total change in the pharmaceutical industry, including changes in ingredients resulting in reprocessing of quality, safety, and efficacy, changes in the distribution process, addition of personnel or staff, decreased economic capacity of the industry due to increased production costs, and there is a decrease in the industry's economic capacity due to increased costs of production. The halal status of a product has become a must-have for all consumers, particularly Muslims. Some parties, particularly the pharmaceutical business, continue to oppose to the existence of Law No. 33 of 2014 concerning Halal Product Guarantee. The supply of special facilities, such as rooms, equipment, and human resources, will significantly raise costs, resulting in higher drug prices and a reduction in people's access to the items they truly require for health care. Currently, the pharmaceutical sector must import 95 percent or more of its raw materials, totaling 150,000 items, in order to make about 30,000 different types of pharmaceuticals in the country.
Right to Sanitation: Case Study of Indonesia
Authors: Triasari Devi
Published: December 2021

Sanitation is a basic human right which shows that someone is dignified and deserves to be respected as a human being. The international community has recognized the importance of this right. However, this right has not been explicitly recognized. This is because the legal status of the right to sanitation is unclear. The right to sanitation is derived from the "right to health" and "right to a decent standard of living". The results concluded that the fact that Indonesia is the 4th country with the largest population in the world puts Indonesia in the top 10 of the category of "country with the longest queue order of toilets" and "the country with the number of defecating in open area". International law which is often criticized for its weak enforcement in reality has been able to respond to the issue of the right to sanitation in Indonesia, mainly through 3 main mechanisms, namely reporting, country missions, and cooperation with civil Societies and NGOS. However, there are still some challenges from the three international human rights law capacities. By improving this capacity, his expectation of Goal 6 on sanitation rights can be realized by 2030.
Recent Advances in Development of Gold Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery Systems
Authors: Abu-Dief Ahmed M. , Salaheldeen M. , El-Dabea Tarek
Published: December 2021

Nano particles are arguably used in the biomedical field. Cancer remains a significant public health threat. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are a natural choice for treatment of cancer, due to their simplicity of preparation, their unique optical characteristics, stability, electronic structure, nanostructure, biocompatibility, flexibility in sensing and detection. AuNPs can be conjugated with all the human body’s physiological mechanisms. Various nanomaterials strategies have been approached to increase tumor selectivity, therapeutic index, and anticancer activity, as the standard drug delivery method lacks proper distribution of chemotherapeutics given the complexity of the cancer cells. Recent studies have revealed that AuNPs can readily be modified to allow direct pharmaceutical drug delivery to the target tissue. AuNPs can also deliver their contents in response to external or internal stimuli after approaching their target site. Accordingly, we discussed advanced AuNPs features that showed great potential in improving precision treatments in both non-personalized and high accuracy applications and highlighted the in-depth role of nanotechnology-based medication delivery as well as the most difficult aspect of medicinal effectiveness and safety.
A Review of Elemental Mass Origin and Fundamental Forces Unification for Nuclear and Aerospace Industries
Authors: Hussain Abrar , Abbas Muhammad Mujtaba
Published: December 2021

The current study explored the implementation of the Standard Model theoretically on the atomic elements of the periodic table. Theoretically, the pure elemental mass was probed first time from the perspectives of elemental mass origin and forces unification. In-depth elemental analyses will have vital applications in nuclear, aerospace, electronics, semiconductor, and defense industries. The literature deals with elemental materials mass origin. Elemental mass origin and fundamental forces unification are unresolved concepts of the twenty first century. In this study, the Standard Model was used to describe the mass origin and forces unification. The traditional and modern quantum literature review proved that elemental mass originates from higgs field and higgs bosons. Higgs bosons, leptons, quarks, and gauge bosons interact and mediate through higgs field, bosons, photons, and gluons to transfer and gain mass. Moreover, higgs bosons, photons, gauge bosons and gluons interact through gravitational, electromagnetic, weak, and strong forces. In conclusion, at the minimum energy level, the forces unification (interactions) causes the atom formation (elemental mass origin). Shortly, forces unification and elemental mass origin demonstrate great potential in their applications in medical, semiconductor, defense, and nuclear industries.