bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A hierarchical combination algorithm for real-time cycle slip detection and repair in low satellite elevation and ionospheric scintillation conditions
Authors: Ban Haofei , Li Kezhao , Wang Kai , Jiao Yingxiang , Liang Lingfeng , Tian Chendong , Yue Zhe
Published: September 2023

To enhance the accuracy and robustness of cycle slip detection and repair for triple-frequency data while minimizing the adverse effects of low satellite elevation and ionospheric scintillation, a hierarchical combination algorithm for real-time cycle slip detection and repair is proposed. This algorithm begins by prioritizing the reduction of noise and ionospheric delay coefficients. It determines the optimal coefficients for the combination of observations from the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System's (BDS) Extra-Wide Lane (EWL), Wide Lane (WL), and Narrow Lane (NL). Leveraging the longer wavelength characteristics of the EWL combination, it simultaneously conducts cycle slip detection on the EWL combination alongside pseudo-range combinations. Following this, based on the detection outcomes from the EWL combination, cycle slip detection is carried out on the WL combination. Finally, using the detection findings from the WL combination, cycle slip detection is executed on the NL combination. Given the NL combination's shorter wavelength and higher susceptibility to ionospheric delay, a dynamic ionospheric prediction model is applied to the NL combination to further mitigate the impact of ionospheric disturbances. After completing the cycle slip detection process, the results from the EWL, WL, and NL combinations are integrated and solved. Experimental results clearly demonstrate that, even in scenarios characterized by low satellite elevation and active ionospheric conditions, this algorithm consistently delivers outstanding detection performance for cycle slip instances, particularly for small cycle slip(less two cycle). Remarkably, this performance is achieved without the need for intricate searches during cycle slip repair. In comparison to conventional combination methods, this algorithm significantly enhances the accuracy of cycle slip repair, improving it by an impressive 42.2%.
Screening Copy Number Variations in 35 unsolved Inherited Retinal Disease Families
Authors: Liu Xiaozhen , Dai Hehua , Li Genlin , Jia Ruixuan , Meng Xiang , Yu Sicheng , Yang Liping , Hong Jing
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study was to screen Copy Number Variations (CNVs) in 35 unsolved Inherited Retinal Dystrophy (IRD) families. Initially, Next generation sequencing, including a specific Hereditary Eye Disease Enrichment Panel or Whole exome sequencing, was employed to screen (likely) pathogenic Single-nucleotide Variants (SNVs) and small Insertions and Deletions (indels) for these cases. All available SNVs and indels were further validated and co-segregation analyses were performed in available family members by Sanger sequencing. If not, after excluding deep intronic variants, Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA), quantitative fluorescence PCR (QF-PCR) and Sanger sequencing were employed to screen CNVs. We determined that 18 families who had heterozygous SNVs/indels or whose parents were not consanguineous but had homozygous SNVs/indels in autosomal recessive IRDs genes had CNVs in another allele of these genes, 11 families had disease-causing hemizygous CNVs in X-linked IRD genes, six families had (likely) pathogenic heterozygous CNVs in PRPF31 gene. Of 35 families, 33 different CNVs in 16 IRD-associated genes were detected, with PRPF31, EYS and USH2A the most common disease-causing gene in CNVs. Twenty-six and seven of them were deletion and duplication CNVs, respectively. Among them, 14 CNVs were first reported in this study. Our research indicated that CNVs contribute a lot to IRDs, and screening of CNVs substantially increases the diagnostic rate of IRD. Our results indicate that MLPA and QF-PCR are ideal methods to validate CNVs, and the novel CNVs reported herein expand the mutational spectrums of IRD.
New N-heterocyclic aroyl hydrazone containing 4-oxopiperidine nucleus and its metal complexes: synthesis, spectroscopic, thermal, DFT, molecular docking and antimicrobial studies
Authors: Dongare Gajanan , Aswar Anand
Published: September 2023

In order to resist the growth of human pathogenic microorganisms, we have synthesized a new N-heterocyclic hydrazone ligand of (E)–N'–(2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)methylene-4-oxopiperidine-1-carbohydrazide (H2L) from the condensation reaction of 4-oxo-1-carbopiperidone hydrazide and 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde. The ligand reacted with metal salt of (M(II/III).Cl2).nH2O formed the two types of complexes [M(III)C17H19N3O5Cl] and [M(II)C17H20N3O5Cl] adopted octahedral geometry; where M = Cr(III), Fe(III), Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) ion. The ligand was thoroughly characterized by elemental analysis, FT − IR, UV − Vis, NMR (1H, 13C), HR-mass spectroscopy. Furthermore, the structural properties of metal complexes have been established on the basis of elemental analysis, UV-vis spectra, molar conductivity, magnetic susceptibility, ESR, TG-DTA analysis. The ligand behaves dibasic, linkages via phenolic-O, azomethine-N, enolic-O atoms in metal (III) complexes and monobasic in metal(II) complexes. The decomposition pattern were ascertained by thermal analysis, and kinetics accountability from Coats–Redfern relation. The compounds were excited at λex = 380 nm and observed good emission intensity at λem = λ527–533 nm. The surface morphology of ligand was distinct from complex proven an imaging by SEM analysis. The molecular geometry optimization, and quantum chemical properties have been retrieved from DFT. ADMET score have been predicted as a drug-likeness prospect from admetSAR method. The molecular docking outcomes displayed the good binding score of ligand with Adenylate kinase, Peptide deformylase (bacterial enzyme) and DNA polymerase (fungal enzyme).The in vitro antimicrobial potency of ligand and its complexes were showed the promising activity against the bacterial colony (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus substilis), and fungal colony (Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger).
Study on the degradation behavior of collagen in electrolytic copper foil and its efficacy
Authors: Yu Jie , Liu Eryong , Bai Zhongbo , Jiao Yang , Wang Ming
Published: September 2023

Collagen, as the additive during the process of Electrodeposition of Copper, commonly used to be a leveling agent in the production of electrolytic copper foil (ECF), is effective in refining grain and enhancing mechanical properties of copper foil. However, hydrolysis and electrodeposition cause the loss of collagen may easily arise fluctuation of the additive composition, thus affect the quality of copper foil. For improving the production stability of ECF, it is necessary to explore the hydrolysis properties and mechanism of collagen during copper electrodeposition. Here, we research the efficacy of action and hydrolysis properties of collagen during copper electrodeposition by means of a combination of real-time monitoring and multiple analysis, at the same time, explore the evolution behavior of microstructure, mechanical properties and electrical conductivity in the hydrolysis process of collagen. By the hydrolysis and adsorption of collagen, a significant inhibitory deposition process during copper electrodeposition occurs. Importantly, the inhibitory effect and content of collagen showed a power-index relationship. With the prolongation of hydrolysis time or the volum increase of copper deposition, the hydrolysis rate of collagen decreased sensibly. More, with the addition of collagen, the prepared ECF exhibited a microstructural transformation and its mechanical properties also changed significantly. Therefore, our work reveals the hydrolysis properties and mechanism of collagen in copper foil electrodeposition, which provides an important theoretical reference for the development and application of high performance copper foil.
Representation of the relative position between objects in the image: histogram of position sensing forces
Authors: Tian Zeyu
Published: September 2023

Let the computer apprehend and describe the representation of the relative position between objects of the image by the way of the common intuition of the human is an important task of the computer vision and pattern recognition. To complete this task, the position sensing parameter and histogram of position sensing forces are proposed in this paper. The position sensing parameter can represent the spatial relative position of the point with regard to the reference object, and the point is from the argument object. The histogram of position sensing forces is composed of the position sensing parameter of each point in the argument object and the gravitational forces between each point of the argument object and each point of the reference object. The histogram of position sensing forces can simulate the human perception for the directional spatial relations between the argument object and reference object of the image, considering the shape, size, angular and metric information of the spatial object.
Assigning Patients to Healthcare Centers Using Dispatching Rules
Authors: Teymourifar Aydin , Trindade Maria A. M.
Published: September 2023

This study proposes a model for the balanced assignment of patients to healthcare centers in a region. In the suggested model, it is supposed that patients want to go to the nearest center, which causes an imbalance in the workloads of resources between centers. This disproportion is undesirable not only for the centers but also for the patients. Thus, balancing assignments is targeted. This goal is expressed in a model with a multi-objective function. Since balancing is one of the main goals of the sectorization concept, we characterize the model based on it. Unlike studies in the literature, we do sectorization employing dispatching rules. This diminishes the problem's complexity and makes it suitable for solving actual, large, and dynamic problems. We simulated the system using the Rockwell Arena software. We consider the effect of different seasons, days, and hours on the system. The dispatching rule used for sectorization is optimized using the OptQuest software. The numerical results demonstrate that by optimizing the dispatching rule, it is possible to enhance the objective function significantly.
Design and optimisation of two-terminal InGaP/Si tandem solar cell through numerical simulation
Authors: Kharchich Fatima Zahra , Khamlichi Abdellatif
Published: September 2023

The two-terminal III-V/Si double junction solar cells were recognized to achieve comparable performance with lower cost of fabrication than the III-V/III-V tandems. They have already yielded an efficiency of 35.9% of power conversion. However, this performance still remains below the theoretically limit which is stated to be beyond 43%. Considering monolithic InGaP/Si based tandem designed with double back surface field layers, this work dealt with optimization of efficiency as a function of the structure layers thicknesses and dopings. Numerical simulations were conducted for this purpose by using Silvaco/ATLAS TCAD software and were sorted according to a multi-step optimization procedure. The obtained optimum tandem InGaP/Si solar cell reached an unprecedented power conversion efficiency of 38.16% under 1.5G spectrum. Furthermore, a realistic analysis of performance of this structure was performed under different temperatures and illumination levels. The effect of InGaP band gap variation on efficiency was also investigated.
New Constructions of Approximately Symmetric Informationally Complete Positive Operator-Valued Measures by Character Sums over Galois Rings
Authors: Gao You , Xie Ming-Yue , Wang Gang , Fu Fang-Wei
Published: September 2023

In quantum information theory, symmetric informationally complete positive operator-valued measures (SIC-POVMs) are related to quantum state tomography, quantum cryptography and foundational studies. It is difficult to construct SIC-POVMs and remains unknown whether SIC-POVMs exist for infinitely dimension. Therefore, researchers have proposed the solution to construct approximately symmetric informationally complete positive operator-valued measures (ASIC-POVMs). This paper proposes a construction of ASIC-POVMs using character sums over Galois rings. The dimension of this ASIC-POVMs is q-1, where q is a prime power. Also, our constructions include partial results about ASIC-POVMs constructed by X. Cao et al (X. Cao, J. Mi and S. Xu: Two constructions of approximately symmetric informationally complete positive operator-valued measures. J. Math. Phys., 58(6), 062201 (2017)).
Mathematics Subject Classification (2020) 81P15 · 81P45
The optical and electrochemical characteristics of silver nanoparticles, besides antibacterial and antifungal properties using Crocus sativus.L petals
Authors: Preethi A. Cathirin , Hariharakrishnan V.
Published: September 2023

The manufacture of silver nanoparticles using plant extract is a simple, worthwhile, and ecologically friendly method. We present the use of in this study Crocus sativus .L petal extract is being used to create environmentally friendly nanoparticles. In the green approach, UV-Vis spectroscopy is utilised to characterise and confirm the presence of silver nanoparticles containing reduced silver ions. The XRD confirms the silver nanoparticles' crystalline structure formed in this process. Scanning electron microscopy reveals predominantly spherical and triangular shapes of the nanoparticles, with sizes ranging from 20 to 45 nm. To examine electrochemical properties, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance studies were utilised. Consequently, when subjected to the disc diffusion method, the synthesized silver nanoparticles exhibit enhanced antibacterial activity [1] against various strains such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus Mutans, Enterococcus aeruginosa, and Bacillus subtilis.
Visual Analytics for NASCAR Motorsports
Authors: Bastin Kornelia , Healey Christopher
Published: September 2023

The National Association of Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) is consistently ranked among the top ten most popular sports in the United State1,2 . It is the most lucrative, generating an estimated $3 billion annually3 . Teams are financially well-supported and competitive in all areas where an advantage might be gained. NASCAR events are characterized by on-track racing punctuated by pit stops since cars must refuel, replace tires, and modify their setup throughout a race. A well-executed pit stop can allow drivers to gain multiple seconds on their opponents. Strategies around when to pit and what to perform during a pit stop are under constant evaluation. One currently unexplored area is publically available communication between each driver and their pit crew during the race. Due to the many hours of audio, manual analysis of even one driver’s communications is prohibitive. We propose a fully automated approach to analyze driver–pit crew communication. Our work was conducted in collaboration with NASCAR domain experts—a simulation manager, a crew chief, and a software engineering manager—to validate our findings. Audio communication is converted to text and summarized using cluster-based Latent Dirichlet Analysis (LDA) to provide an overview of a driver’s race performance. The transcript is then analyzed to extract important events related to pit stops and driving balance: whether a car is understeering (pushing) or oversteering (over-rotating). Named entity recognition (NER) and relationship extraction provide context to each event. A combination of the race summary, events, and real-time race data provided by NASCAR are presented using Sankey visualizations. Statistical analysis and evaluation by our domain expert collaborators confirmed we can accurately identify important race events and driver interactions, presented in a novel way to provide useful, 1 important, and efficient summaries and event highlights for race preparation and in-race decision-making.
Genotypic characterization and detection of resistance mechanisms in carbapenem- resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from four tertiary care hospitals in Iran
Authors: Davoodi Neda Razavi , Soleimani Neda , Hosseini Seyed Masoud , Rahnamaye-Farzami Marjan
Published: September 2023

Background
The global emergence of genes responsible for carbapenemases and the production of mcr in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates pose a serious threat to public health. The study of carbapenem and colistin resistance (CLR) in K. pneumoniae has a high priority for the infection control committee. The purpose of this study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance rate and evaluate the pattern of CLR in carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKP) isolated from four tertiary care hospitals in Iran, as well as to describe the clonal relationship of multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae strains. Fifty clinical isolates of CRKP were obtained from four hospitals in Iran. The mcr-harboring isolates and carbapenemase-encoding genes were screened by PCR amplification, and molecular typing (PFGE) was used to assess their spread. Among the total isolates, 38% were identified as CLR by colistin disk elution.
Results
Among positive isolates for carbapenemase genes, the most frequent gene was blaOXA−48. Additionally, the mcr-1 gene was detected in 6% of the obtained isolates; none of the other mcr genes were detected in the studied isolates. All isolates were grouped under four clusters (A-D). The major cluster was related to the C cluster with 23 isolates.
Conclusions
The prevalence of CLR K. pneumoniae was estimated to be 18% in our ICU. Colistin-resistant CRKP is becoming an emerging threat in ICU settings, limiting further treatment options. Additionally, we observed a common molecular signature among CRKP isolates. Therefore, hospitals need to implement an effective infection control system to prevent the outbreak of diverse carbapenem- and colistin-resistant isolates in the future.
Etiology, Clinical Characteristics and Surgical Indications in Traumatic Eyelid Injuries: Experience of a Tertiary Referral Center
Authors: ÖZER Ömer , GÜÇLÜ Emin Serbülent
Published: September 2023

Purpose
The aim of this study was to investigate the cause of injury and clinical outcomes in patients with traumatic eyelid injury.
Methods
Patients aged 18 years and older who underwent eyelid injury repair between January 01, 2021 and March 01, 2023 were included in this study.
Results
One hundred sixty-four of the patients were male (84.1%) and the mean age was 42.5 ± 5.6 years. The most common etiology of injury was accidents (35.9%). While 9 patients (4.6%) had no additional injury and 11 patients (5.6%) had open globe injury.
Conclusion
In conclusion, traumatic eyelid injuries can be prevented with a series of precautions. Pre-detection of certain risk factors can prevent potential loss of labor in the productive population. The shape of the eyelids and facial expression are also important for social communication. Therefore, prevention of eyelid trauma can prevent lack of self-confidence in individuals and contribute to social well-being.
Does capital income increase long-term inequality? The case of Sweden 1991-2017
Authors: Bergh Andreas , Nordin Martin
Published: September 2023

Capital income is known to add to income inequality when measured on an annual basis, but the role of capital income in long-run inequality is rarely studied. We examine, using Swedish register data, the evolution of annual and long-term income inequality in Sweden 1991–2017, using disposable income with and without capital income. Capital income had a marginally equalizing effect on long-term inequality for the period 1991 to 2004 but added substantially to long-term inequality for the period 2004 to 2017. To properly understand the distributional effects of capital income, a long-term perspective is needed.
JEL-codes: D31, D63, E22
A Meta-Learner Framework to Estimate Individualized Treatment Effects for Survival Outcomes
Authors: Bo Na , Wei Yue , Zeng Lang , Kang Chaeryon , Ding Ying
Published: September 2023

One crucial aspect of precision medicine is to allow physicians to recommend the most suitable treatment for their patients. This requires understanding the treatment heterogeneity from a patient-centric view, quantified by estimating the individualized treatment effect (ITE). With a large amount of genetics data and medical factors being collected, a complete picture of individuals’ characteristics is forming, which provides more opportunities to accurately estimate ITE. Recent development using machine learning methods within the counterfactual outcome framework shows excellent potential in analyzing such data. In this research, we propose to extend meta-learning approaches to estimate individualized treatment effects with survival outcomes. Two meta-learning algorithms are considered, T-learner and X-learner, each combined with three types of machine learning methods: random survival forest, Bayesian accelerated failure time model and survival neural network. We examine the performance of the proposed methods and provide practical guidelines for their application in randomized clinical trials (RCTs). Moreover, we propose to use the Boruta algorithm to identify risk factors that contribute to treatment heterogeneity based on ITE estimates. The finite sample performances of these methods are compared through extensive simulations under different randomization designs. The proposed approach is applied to a large RCT of eye disease, namely, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), to estimate the ITE on delaying time-to-AMD progression and to make individualized treatment recommendations.
Nachnutzung von Forschungsdaten für qualitative Forschungen
Authors: Franken Lina , Egger Nils , Fischer Luis , Lillich Katharina , Schmid Florian
Published: September 2023

Forschungsdaten werden zunehmend in digitalen Repositorien gespeichert und Dritten zur Nachnutzung zugänglich gemacht, teils beschränkt auf wissenschaftliche Anliegen. Es stellt sich die Frage, wie entsprechende Datensätze genutzt werden können, nachdem alle ethischen Dimensionen berücksichtigt sind. Dies wird anhand der exemplarischen Bearbeitung eines umfangreichen Datensatzes aufgezeigt, der lebensgeschichtliche Interviews mit Sozialwissenschaftler:innen des 20. Jahrhunderts enthält. Während der Schwerpunkt in der Erhebung auf Lebenserzählungen lag, wird in der Nachnutzung nach Veränderungen der Berufsbiografien im 20. Jahrhundert gefragt. Der Beitrag beschreibt, wie die Datensätze explorativ mit digitalen Methoden untersucht werden und geht der Frage nach, welche Erkenntnisse aus dieser Nachnutzung von Interviewtranskripten gezogen werden können. Wie viel Aussagekraft haben die Interviewpassagen, welche zur eigenen Fragestellung identifizierbar sind? Welche Leerstellen bleiben in der Interpretation? Hierbei werden verschiedene Standardverfahren des Text Mining im Rahmen von digitalen Methodenanwendungen, wie Wortfrequenzen, n-Gramme und Topic Modeling, auf ihre Nutzbarkeit und Nützlichkeit für die Bearbeitung der Datensätze hin befragt.
Multi-präsentes Ethnografieren
Authors: Eggel Ruth Dorothea
Published: September 2023

Zeitgenössische Forschungsfelder konfrontieren Ethnograf:innen mit multiplen digitalen und medialen Praktiken. Ethnografische Anwesenheit beschreibt dabei nicht nur vor Ort zu sein (co-location), sondern folgt Prozessen und Praktiken in multi-lokalen, multi-temporalen und multimodalen Ethnografien. Anhand einer Forschung zu Computerspielevents wird gezeigt, wie in lokaler Feldforschung vor Ort auch digitale und virtuelle Präsenzen wichtig werden, um ein dichtes Verständnis für das Feld zu entwickeln. Die Praktiken vor Ort inkludieren eine Vielzahl unterschiedlicher digitaler Schauplätze und erfordern multiple Ko-Präsenzen online und offline. Verschiedene Modi ethnografischer Anwesenheiten produzieren auch multimediales Material in der Erhebung, Dokumentation und Auswertung. Die Logiken und Komplexitäten der Praktiken des Forschungsfeldes bilden dabei die Grundlage für die Schnürung eines ethnografischen Methodenbündels. Der Ansatz von multi-präsenter Ethnografie versucht die Trennung von digitalen und analogen Praktiken zu überwinden und ihren Verflechtungen und Relationen in mehr-als-digitalen Feldern zu folgen.
Social-Media-Ethnografie
Authors: Bareither Christoph , Schramm Pia
Published: September 2023

Social Media-Plattformen sind Teil des Alltags vieler Menschen und die Erforschung von Medienpraktiken auf solchen Plattformen ist entsprechend etablierter Gegenstand ethnografischer Forschung. Doch wie forscht man eigentlich ethnografisch auf und mit Social Media? Und welche ethischen Implikationen hat die digitale Feldforschung? Dieser Beitrag skizziert die Grundlagen einer solchen Forschung anhand konkreter Schritte und nimmt dabei verschiedene Dimensionen in den Blick. Neben der Frage, wie sich ein ethnografisches Forschungsfeld im digitalen Raum überhaupt konstituiert und abgrenzt bespricht der Artikel, inwiefern teilnehmende Beobachtung und Chat-Interviews für ethnografische Forschung auf Social Media produktiv gemacht werden können. Für eine reflexive Analyse erhobener Daten und gemachter Beobachtungen eignet sich die Nutzung von QDA-Software – die Codierung ist hier nicht als nachgelagert, sondern als integrativer Bestandteil der ethnografischen Interaktion zu verstehen. Mögliche weitere Problemfelder in der Erforschung digitaler Räume sind der Umgang mit der (Un-)Sichtbarkeit von Algorithmen und die Analyse von big ethnographic data, die in diesem Beitrag angeschnitten werden. Da Ethnografie stets adaptiv ist, soll der Artikel nicht als statische Anleitung, sondern eher als Angebot zur Orientierung und als Übersicht verstanden werden.
Internal boundaries of the loop amplituhedron
Authors: Dian Gabriele , Heslop Paul , Stewart Alastair
Published: September 2023

The strict definition of positive geometry implies that all maximal residues of its canonical form are ±1±1. We observe, however, that the loop integrand of the amplitude in planar N=4 super Yang-Mills has maximal residues not equal to ± 1±1. We find the reason for this is that deep in the boundary structure of the loop amplituhedron there are geometries which contain internal boundaries: codimension one defects separating two regions of opposite orientation. This phenomenon requires a generalisation of the concept of positive geometry and canonical form to include such internal boundaries and also suggests the utility of a further generalisation to 'weighted positive geometries’. We re-examine the deepest cut of N=4 amplitudes in light of this and obtain new all order residues.
Food Contamination with Micro-plastics: Occurrences, Bioavailability,
Human Vulnerability, and Prevention
Authors: Lakshmayya Nunna Sai Venkata , Panday Ashoutosh , Yadavalli Rajasri , Reddy Chintakunta Nagendranatha , Mandal Sanjeeb Kumar , Agrawal Dinesh Chand , Mishra Bishwambhar
Published: September 2023

Microplastics (MPs) are emergent environmental contaminants that are designated as either primary or secondary dependent on their origins. Formulation, morphology, dimensions, and
colour scheme, along with other features, are connected with their propensity to reach the food
webs and their dangers. Whilst ecological adversities of MPs have drawn considerable interest, the
hazards to individuals from dietary exposure have yet to be determined. The aim of this review is
to gauge existing understanding concerning MPs in foodstuffs and to explore the problems and inadequacies for threat assessment. The prevalence of MPs in foodstuffs and sugary drinks has been
detected all over the world, but most researchers judged the existing information to be not only inadequate but also of dubious value, owing to the notable lack of agreement on a regulated quantification methods and a consistent appellation. Most published papers have highlighted potable water
and condiments such as sugars, salts, and nectar as significant food components of MPs for humans. The threat assessment reveals significant discrepancies in our understanding of MP toxicity
for human consumption, which hinders the estimate of risk-based regulations regarding food safety. The lack of comparators for evaluating MPs food consumption prohibits dietary MPs risk description and risk mitigation. Researchers and Food Safety Administrators confer various obstacles
along with possibilities linked to the appearance of MPs in foodstuffs. Further investigation on the
MPs categorization and exposures is essential considering that any subsequent threat evaluation record can contain a comprehensive dietary viewpoint.
Solvent-free Approaches towards the Synthesis of Therapeutically
Important Heterocycles
Authors: Priyadarshan Ambarish , Tripathi Garima , Singh Anil Kumar , Rajkhowa Sanchayita , Kumar Abhijeet , Tiwari Vinod Kumar
Published: September 2023

The development of synthetic methodologies to obtain a diverse range of heterocyclic scaffolds
has been a very attractive area of research due to their vast therapeutic importance. Conventional approaches
that require the use of organic solvents, which are generally flammable, toxic, and not ecofriendly,
are replaced either with greener alternatives or by completely avoiding their use. In literature,
several solvent-free methods have already been reported for the synthesis of vast varieties of organic
compounds. This review focuses on the solvent-free methods developed for the synthesis of different
types of nitrogen and oxygen heterocycles which have exhibited diverse therapeutic applications.
New Proxy Signature Scheme over Elliptic Curves using Chaotic Maps Applicable during Pandemic COVID-19
Authors: Tiwari Namita , Rahul Mayur , Prakash Ayushi , Jha Sonu Kumar , Yadav Vikash
Published: September 2023

Digitalization has attracted the world to collect increasing data.

Background:

Proxy signature is a digital alternative for signing documents in the absence of the
original signer.

Methods:

In this paper, we have used the mathematical methods and concepts of Chaotic maps
(CMs) and elliptic curve cryptography.

Results:

We have proposed a new proxy signature scheme (PSS). Security of our PSS relies on "elliptic
curve discrete logarithm (ECDL) and integer factorization (FAC) problems". It requires only
low-complexity computation, which increases efficiency.

Conclusion:

It is the first PSS in such a security setting and can also be assumed to be secure in
the post-quantum cryptographic world. It can be highly used digitally during thePandemic conditions
like COVID-19.
Barriers and Motivating Factors in Receiving COVID-19 Vaccination
Among the Healthcare Workers of Tehran Military Hospitals
Authors: Rafsanjani Mahmoudreza Hashemi , Nouri Majid , Nava Ali Omrani , Darvishi Mohammad
Published: September 2023

Background:

Despite the availability of the vaccine, achieving collective immunity requires the acceptance of the vaccine among the general population. However, the acceptance of vaccines is a constant concern in countries due to their potential side effects. According to current observations, there is not enough evidence about the COVID-19 vaccination acceptance and hesitancy in Iran.

Objective:

Due to the insufficient evidence regarding the reluctance to accept COVID-19 vaccination in Iran, the current study was designed to evaluate barrier and motivator factors in receiving COVID-19 vaccination among the healthcare workers of Tehran military hospitals.

Methods:

In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 272 healthcare workers of Tehran military hospitals were enrolled. Their demographic, as well as barrier and motivating factors, were prospectively recorded and analyzed. The chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used to compare the qualitative variables between groups. Also, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to evaluate the normal distribution of all quantitative parameters.

Results:

We found that 11 % had a history of vaccination against COVID-19, and 89.3% were willing to be vaccinated if the Covid vaccine was available. As obtained, the highest scores for barrier factors in receiving COVID-19 vaccine among the healthcare workers of Tehran military hospitals were belief in having a sufficient immune system (93.4 %), limitation to the number of vaccines (71 %), enough knowledge about all types of available vaccines (70.2 %), and the side effects of the vaccine (44.5 %), respectively. Furthermore, the highest scores for motivator factors in receiving COVID-19 vaccination were believing in the effect of vaccination (89 %) and the free vaccine available for staff (72.8 %), respectively.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, our study suggests that early on in a vaccination campaign, most healthcare workers prefer to be vaccinated with an available vaccine, whether in the present or in the future and also identifies several reasons underlying vaccine acceptance and hesitancy. These results could be used in the future to promote campaigns to increase vaccine acceptance. Thus, increasing healthcare workers’ knowledge and consultations are strictly recommended for preventing vaccine hesitancy. In this study, the healthcare workers of military hospitals were more willing to use vaccines for emerging diseases due to their awareness and the higher risk of deadly infectious diseases.
Flourishing Demand for shopping websites as an opportunity forforthcoming Entrepreneurs
Authors: Singh Bhagwan
Published: September 2023

The government initiative to make a Digital Bharat i.e. India is booming the demand for shopping websites for the entrepreneurs. The Customer's approach towards shopping is also shifting form stores to online, as store shopping is stressful and time consuming. This shift towards online is not only for shopping goods and services but for receiving latest information and market trends too. The research is a primary analysis of 90 respondents i.e. 50 respondents of Snapdeal and 40 respondents of Flipkart. The study rated the factors of online purchasing and found that cash back benefits, accessibility, delivery time, varieties of products and discounts on products. Results of this study provide a valuable reference for entrepreneurs using online shopping websites. The Entrepreneurs must make it sure that their company websites should be easy and convenient to use.
Encarnizamiento terapéutico en pacientes de cuidados intensivos: justo o innecesario. Visibilidad del profesional de enfermería
Authors: Herrera Sánchez Priscila Jaqueline , Muñoz Guanga Alisson Patricia , Jimenez Barrera Maricelys , Ortiz Vega Mariela Lizeth , López Andrade Jonathan Alexis
Published: September 2023

To analyze the perspectives of nursing professionals regarding therapeutic incarceration. Method: The approach was qualitative descriptive with a phenomenological design. Fourteen nursing professionals participated with a non-probabilistic sampling by convenience with category saturation. A semi-structured interview and focus group were used as data collection techniques. Colaizzi's method was used for data analysis. Results: Six categories emerged: nursing professionals' perspectives, experience in the care process, knowledge about therapeutic incarceration, prolongation of death with futile treatment, living with dignity and the right to a good end, spirituality, God and resilience. Conclusion: It can be indicated that professionals perceive unfavorably that their opinion is not valued, generating an unhealthy work environment and revealing the harsh reality in Intensive Care Units (ICU). Conceptual ignorance about bioethics, dysthanasia, euthanasia and orthothanasia is a responsibility of self-preparation and of the Health Institutions where they work. In addition, dysthanasia is forged with the holistic conception that God is the only supreme entity that grants and withdraws life from beings.

Keywords: Resilience; death; treatment.
The REDATAM program: an approach to the Sustainable Development Goals in the Galapagos Islands
Authors: Heredia-R Marco , Acurio-Gallardo Mateo , Torres Emma , Heredia-Silva Jamil , Loyola-Barbosa Paterson , Torres Alexandra , Villacis Karolina , Toulkeridis Theofilos
Published: September 2023

Computer programs are an essential ally for fulfilling the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). They offer enormous potential for accelerating said fulfillment and reducing the cost of implementation processes. Our objectives in this Galapagos Islands case study were: i) to quantify the proportion of male and female inhabitants, separated by ethnicity, ii) to identify the number of dwellings distributed at urban and rural levels according to their typology, and iii) to determine the proportion of dwellings that are supplied with water. The Galapagos Islands are located 1000 km from mainland Ecuador. The program used was REDATAM Version 7 (Microcomputer Data Recovery for Small Areas), which specializes in processing microdata from population and housing censuses. The unit of investigation was the dwellings, and within them, the households and household members who are habitual residents in the province of Galapagos and who were in the 2015 census. It was identified that at the provincial level, 51.20% are male and 48. 80% are female, and the most populous canton is Santa Cruz. The population is divided into six ethnic groups heterogeneously between urban and rural sectors and between cantons. There are no group housing projects at the rural level for preventive or remedial assistance for the population, and there is a deficit in terms of water supply to the rural sector. Therefore, local authorities must promote programs to improve the living conditions of rural and urban dwellers to work toward complying with the goals of the Sustainable Development Goals, as outlined in the 2030 Agenda.

Keywords: 2030 Agenda; census, development, demography sustainable.
Moving Forward With Telehealth in Cancer Rehabilitation: Patient Perspectives From a Mixed Methods Study
Authors: O'Neill Linda , Brennan Louise , Sheill Grainne , Connolly Deirdre , Guinan Emer , Hussey Juliette
Published: September 2023

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the use of telehealth in cancer care and highlighted the potential of telehealth as a means of delivering the much-needed rehabilitation services for patients living with the side effects of cancer and its treatments.

Objective

This mixed methods study aims to explore patients’ experiences of telehealth and their preferences regarding the use of telehealth for cancer rehabilitation to inform service development.

Methods

The study was completed in 2 phases from October 2020 to November 2021. In phase 1, an anonymous survey (web- and paper-based) exploring the need, benefits, barriers, facilitators, and preferences for telehealth cancer rehabilitation was distributed to survivors of cancer in Ireland. In phase 2, survivors of cancer were invited to participate in semistructured interviews exploring their experiences of telehealth and its role in cancer rehabilitation. Interviews were conducted via telephone or video call following an interview guide informed by the results of the survey and transcribed verbatim, and reflexive thematic analysis was performed using a qualitative descriptive approach.

Results

A total of 48 valid responses were received. The respondents were at a median of 26 (range 3-256) months after diagnosis, and 23 (48%) of the 48 participants had completed treatment. Of the 48 respondents, 31 (65%) reported using telehealth since the start of the pandemic, 15 (31%) reported having experience with web-based cancer rehabilitation, and 43 (90%) reported a willingness for web-based cancer rehabilitation. A total of 26 (54%) of the 48 respondents reported that their views on telehealth had changed positively since the start of the pandemic. Semistructured interviews were held with 18 survivors of cancer. The mean age of the participants was 58.9 (SD 8.24) years, 56% (10/18) of the participants were female, and 44% (8/18) of the participants were male. Reflexive thematic analysis identified 5 key themes: telehealth improves accessibility to cancer rehabilitation for some but is a barrier for others, lived experiences of the benefits of telehealth in survivorship, the value of in-person health care, telehealth in cancer care and COVID-19 (from novelty to normality), and the future of telehealth in cancer rehabilitation.

Conclusions

Telehealth is broadly welcomed as a mode of cancer rehabilitation for patients living with and beyond cancer in Ireland. However, issues regarding accessibility and the importance of in-person care must be acknowledged. Factors of convenience, time savings, and cost savings indicate that telehealth interventions are a desirable patient-centered method of delivering care when performed in suitable clinical contexts and with appropriate populations.
Machine Learning Model for Predicting Mortality Risk in Patients With Complex Chronic Conditions: Retrospective Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Hernández Guillamet Guillem , Morancho Pallaruelo Ariadna Ning , Miró Mezquita Laura , Miralles Ramón , Mas Miquel Àngel , Ulldemolins Papaseit María José , Estrada Cuxart Oriol , López Seguí Francesc
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND

The health care system is undergoing a shift toward a more patient-centered approach for individuals with chronic and complex conditions, which presents a series of challenges, such as predicting hospital needs and optimizing resources. At the same time, the exponential increase in health data availability has made it possible to apply advanced statistics and artificial intelligence techniques to develop decision-support systems and improve resource planning, diagnosis, and patient screening. These methods are key to automating the analysis of large volumes of medical data and reducing professional workloads.

OBJECTIVE

This article aims to present a machine learning model and a case study in a cohort of patients with highly complex conditions. The object was to predict mortality within the following 4 years and early mortality over 6 months following diagnosis. The method used easily accessible variables and health care resource utilization information.

METHODS

A classification algorithm was selected among 6 models implemented and evaluated using a stratified cross-validation strategy with k=10 and a 70/30 train-test split. The evaluation metrics used included accuracy, recall, precision, F1-score, and area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve.

RESULTS

The model predicted patient death with an 87% accuracy, recall of 87%, precision of 82%, F1-score of 84%, and area under the curve (AUC) of 0.88 using the best model, the Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) classifier. The results were worse when predicting premature deaths (following 6 months) with an 83% accuracy (recall=55%, precision=64% F1-score=57%, and AUC=0.88) using the Gradient Boosting (GRBoost) classifier.

CONCLUSIONS

This study showcases encouraging outcomes in forecasting mortality among patients with intricate and persistent health conditions. The employed variables are conveniently accessible, and the incorporation of health care resource utilization information of the patient, which has not been employed by current state-of-the-art approaches, displays promising predictive power. The proposed prediction model is designed to efficiently identify cases that need customized care and proactively anticipate the demand for critical resources by health care providers.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD). Early detection and intervention in primary health care
Authors: Authors No
Published: September 2023

No abstract
Karakteristik Hidrokimia dan Model Konseptual Sistem Akuifer di Desa Sumberarum, Kecamatan Tempuran, Kabupaten Magelang, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Putra Doni Prakasa Eka
Published: September 2023

Di Desa Sumberarum, Kecamatan Tempuran, Magelang, Jawa Tengah terdapat kemunculan mata air panas. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik fisika-kimia dan kandungan kimiawi air tanah dengan maksud untuk menentukan model konseptual sistem akuifer di daerah penelitian berdasarkan hidrokimia. Observasi hidrogeologi dan pengambilan sampel air tanah dilakukan secara periodik per-bulan selama 6 bulan. Karakteristik fisika-kimia air panas menunjukkan nilai pH 6.7-7, nilai suhu 33.7-35.7°C, nilai TDS 1650-2000mg/l dan nilai DHL 3300-4000µS/cm. Sedangkan, sumur gali memiliki nilai pH 4.6-6, nilai suhu 27.1-29°C, nilai TDS 90-295mg/l dan nilai DHL 180-590µS/cm. Tipe air tanah pada area penelitian terbagi menjadi 3 yaitu Tipe Na-Cl, Tipe Ca-HCO3 dan Tipe Ca-HCO3-Cl. Secara umum, kandungan hidrokimia pada mata air panas relatif konstan dibanding sumur gali. Berdasarkan hasil diatas, diketahui sistem akuifer pada area penelitian terbagi menjadi sistem akuifer dangkal (sumur gali) dan sistem akuifer dalam (mata air panas) yang diperkirakan berada pada kedalaman kurang lebih 200m dari permukaan tanah.
Come to be stranded: the dynamics of refugee influx in three Indonesian government regimes
Authors: Aditya Bagas , Pitoyo Agus Joko
Published: September 2023

Abstrak. Indonesia telah menjadi salah satu negara transit pengungsi sejak abad ke-20. Namun, hanya beberapa sarjana yang mempelajari dinamikanya. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan dinamika pengungsi internasional di Indonesia dari tahun 1978 hingga 2022 dengan menggunakan pendekatan geografi sejarah dan desktop research. Studi ini menemukan bahwa pengungsi yang masuk ke Indonesia pada masa Orde Baru dan masa Transisi mayoritas berasal dari Asia Tenggara. Krisis besar yang terjadi pada masa itu antara lain krisis manusia perahu, krisis pengungsi Kamboja, pengusiran warga Timor Timur, dan krisis pengungsi MENA. Pada era reformasi hingga saat ini, jumlah pengungsi dan sebaran negara asal semakin meningkat dengan krisis utama adalah krisis laut Andaman dan krisis Rohingya. Faktor-faktor yang mendasari para pengungsi internasional memilih Indonesia sebagai negara suaka adalah kedekatan geografis, konflik regional, kedekatan sosial, sejarah, dan budaya, serta kebijakan anti pengungsi dari negara penerima.  Sementara itu, kebijakan internal terkait pengungsi antar pemerintahan tidak terlalu berpengaruh pada dinamika pengungsi sebab indonesia konstan pada posisinya sebagai non penerima pengungsi.  Abstract. Since the twentieth century, Indonesia has been a refugee transit country. However, only a few academics have investigated its dynamics. This study uses historical geography and desktop research methods to explain the dynamics of international refugees in Indonesia from 1978 to 2022. According to this study, most refugees who arrived in Indonesia during the New Order era and the crisis transition period were from Southeast Asia. The boat people crisis, the Cambodian refugee crisis, the East Timorese refugees, and the MENA refugee crisis were all major crises at the time. The number of refugees and the distribution of countries of origin have increased during the reform era, with the main crises being the Andaman Sea and the Syrian refugee crises. Geographic proximity, regional conflicts, social, historical, and cultural proximity, as well as the receiving country's anti-refugee policies, all contribute to international refugees choosing Indonesia as a country of asylum. Meanwhile, internal refugee policies have little impact on the dynamics of refugees because Indonesia continues to be a non-recipient of refugees.