bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computer modeling of the processes of formation of a blending warehouse of a mining enterprise
Authors:   Apatity branch of the Murmansk Arctic State University, Voronin Roman P. ,   Putilov Institute for Informatics and Mathematical Modeling of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bystrov Vitaliy V. ,   Apatity branch of the Murmansk Arctic State University,   Putilov Institute for Informatics and Mathematical Modeling of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2023

The work is devoted to the issues of applied use of the concept of digital twins for the problems of averaging the quality of ore in mining enterprises. The authors consider the problem of automation of the processes of formation of the blending ore stockpile with the help of computer simulation. It is proposed to use matrix structures as a formal basis for representing a warehouse stack. The article describes an algorithm for determining the sequence and position of unloading a vehicle in a stack when forming a blending warehouse, taking into account the schedule of movement of transport units, as well as the procedure for checking the possibility of unloading a vehicle into a given cell of a stack, which is implemented using a modification of the branch and bound algorithm. A brief description of the processes for visualizing the results of the work of the developed algorithms using 3D animation in the Unity environment is also given.
Overview of modern simulation tools
Authors:   Putilov Institute for Informatics and Mathematical Modeling of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Malygina Svetlana N. ,   Apatity branch of the Murmansk Arctic State University, Neupokoeva Elena O. ,   Putilov Institute for Informatics and Mathematical Modeling of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences,   Apatity branch of the Murmansk Arctic State University
Published: February 2023

The article deals with domestic environments for the development of simulation models. The software products, available to Russian users, are compared with each other, as well as with the most popular Anylogic development tool. The comparison is carried out according to the selection criteria identified in the course of multi-year experience.
Microbial Quality of Sliced and Packaged Fruits in Polyethylene Sold in Port Harcourt Rivers State, South-South Nigeria
Authors: Omorodion Nnenna , Nwiyege Soniabari
Published: February 2023

Fresh fruits promote good health but harbor a wide range of microbial contaminants. This study assessed the microbial quality of fruits and safety of Polyethylene packed sliced fruits sold in Port-Harcourt markets. 36 samples of freshly cut fruit comprising of Pawpaw (Carica papaya), Pineapple (Ananas comosus) and Water Melon (Citrullus lanatus) were randomly collected from different sellers within Port Harcourt metropolis. Samples were analyzed using standard microbiological methods. Mean Total viable count ranged from Log10cfu/g5.85 – 6.34, mean Total Fungi Count Log10cfu/g 3.23– 3.85. Nine bacteria were identified. Staphylococcus aureus (27.4%) was the most frequently isolated followed by Shigella spp (19.4%), Escherichia coli (16.1%), Bacillus spp(14.5%), Aeromonas Sp(8%), Enterobacter sp(4%),  Klebsiella spp and Salmonella spp (4.8%) respectively. Samples of Pawpaw had high microbial contamination when compared to other fruit samples. The study comes to the conclusion that consumers' awareness of the risks of eating packed sliced fruits should be increased, and that they should once again insist on properly processed/packaged sliced fruits.
Absolute Calibration. III. Improved Absolute Calibration for the Visible through the Mid-infrared
Authors: Rieke G. H. , Engelke Charles , Su Kate , Casagrande Luca
Published: February 2023

We propose Sirius as an improved zero-point-defining star and calibrate its spectrum to an accuracy of ∼0.6% in both the visible and infrared. This result is based on a newly derived independent calibration in the visible of similar accuracy to the previous standard one, with which it is combined. We use a large variety of approaches in the infrared to reach about three times smaller error than for previous absolute calibrations. The results in the two wavelength regimes are in agreement, providing a consistent link from the visible throughout the near- and mid-infrared. The Sirius-based zero-point at 5557.5 Å (in vacuum) is 13.436 ± 0.081 × 10−12 W cm−2
μm−1, based on the improved value for Vega of 3.473 ± 0.018 × 10−12 W cm−2
μm−1 and the measured magnitude difference between the two stars. At 2.1603 μm, the zero-point is 4.225 ± 0.025 × 10−14 W cm−2
μm−1 taking Sirius at a magnitude of −1.395. A jackknife analysis indicates that there are no serious systematic errors in these results. We consider selection of secondary standards that can extend the calibration over the sky. Despite more than a century in this role, normal A-stars are not suitable, although Am and Ap stars may be. G-stars older than ∼1 Gyr are good candidates if accurate temperatures can be measured. White dwarfs are suitable from the visible through the near-infrared, but their properties are unexplored at the necessary level at the longer infrared wavelengths, and for most facilities they are too faint there. Finally, as a further test of the calibration, we demonstrate an upgraded infrared flux method to determine accurate stellar diameters from K-band photometry.
Do Central Compact Objects have Carbon Atmospheres?
Authors: Alford J. A. J. , Halpern J. P.
Published: February 2023

Only three of the dozen central compact objects (CCOs) in supernova remnants (SNRs) show thermal X-ray pulsations due to nonuniform surface temperature (hot spots). The absence of X-ray pulsations from several unpulsed CCOs has motivated suggestions that they have uniform-temperature carbon atmospheres (UTCAs), which adequately fit their spectra with appropriate neutron star (NS) surface areas. This is in contrast to the two-temperature blackbody or hydrogen atmospheres that also fit well. Here we investigate the applicability of UTCAs to CCOs. We show the following: (i) The phase-averaged spectra of the three pulsed CCOs can also be fitted with a UTCA of the appropriate NS area, despite pulsed CCOs manifestly having nonuniform surface temperature. A good spectral fit is therefore not strong support for the UTCA model of unpulsed CCOs. (ii) An improved spectrum of one unpulsed CCO, previously analyzed with a UTCA, does not allow an acceptable fit. (iii) For two unpulsed CCOs, the UTCA does not allow a distance compatible with the SNR distance. These results imply that, in general, CCOs must have hot, localized regions on the NS surface. We derive new X-ray pulse modulation upper limits on the unpulsed CCOs, and constrain their hot spot sizes and locations. We develop an alternative model that accounts for both the pulsed and unpulsed CCOs: a range of angles between hot spot and rotation axes consistent with an exponential distribution with scale factor λ ∼ 20°. We discuss the physical mechanisms that could produce such small angles and small hot spots.
Feature Identification and Statistical Characteristics of Quasi-periodic Pulsation in Solar Flares using the Markov-Chain-Monte-Carlo Approach
Authors: Guo Yangfan , Liang Bo , Feng Song , Yuan Ding , Nakariakov Valery M. , Dai Wei , Yang Yunfei
Published: February 2023

Quasi-periodic pulsation (QPP) is a common phenomenon in solar flares. Studying QPP is important to further our understanding of the physical processes operating in flares. However, detection of QPP is complicated by the presence of noise in flaring lightcurves. In this study, we apply the Bayesian-based Markov-Chain-Monte-Carlo (MCMC) technique to the QPP detection. We use MCMC to fit the Fourier power spectral density (PSD) profiles of flaring lightcurves, aiming to determine a quasi-periodic component by model comparison and test statistics. Two models fitting the PSD were compared: the first model consists of colored and white noise only, and the second model adds a spectral peak of a Gaussian shape representing a short-living oscillatory signal. To evaluate MCMC of the QPP detection, we test it on 100 synthetic signals with spectral properties similar to those observed in flares. Subsequently, we analyzed QPP events in 699 flare signals in the 1–8 Å channel recorded by the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite from 2010 to 2017, including 250 B-class, 250 C-class, 150 M-class, and 49 X-class flares. Approximately 57% X-class, 39% M-class, 20% C-class, and 16% B-class flares are found to show a strong evidence of QPP, whose periods range mainly from 6.2 to 75.3 s. The results demonstrate that QPP events are easier to detect in more powerful flares. The distribution of the detected QPP periods is found to follow a logarithmic normal distribution. The distributions in the four flare classes are similar. This suggests that the established distribution is a common feature for flares of different classes.
Taxonomic revision of the Merodon tarsatus species group (Diptera, Syrphidae)
Authors: Vujić Ante , Radenković Snežana , Barkalov Anatolij , Kočiš Tubić Nataša , Likov Laura , Tot Tamara , Popov Grigory , Prokhorov Alex , Gilasian Ebrahim , Anjum Shehzad , Djan Mihajla , Kakar Banafsha , Andrić Andrijana
Published: February 2023

The phytophagous hoverfly genusMerodonMeigen, 1803 (Diptera, Syrphidae) presently comprises 205 described species distributed in the Palaearctic and Afrotropical regions, and it is differentiated into multiple species groups. In this work, we revise theMerodon tarsatusspecies group, providing an illustrated key to species, a detailed discussion on relevant taxonomic characters, and a morphological diagnosis. We summarize morphological characteristics of the 12 species in theM. tarsatusgroup, together with available distributional data. Moreover, we provide descriptions for five new species, namelyMerodon angustitarsisVujić & Gilasiansp. nov.,M. dumosusVujić, Likov & Radenkovićsp. nov.,M. latiantennatusVujić, Popov & Prokhorovsp. nov.,M. namaghijamiiVujić, Likov & Radenkovićsp. nov.andM. pakistanicusVujić, Likov & Radenkovićsp. nov.Additionally, we describe one more species,Merodon nigroalatusVujić, Likov & Radenkovićsp. nov., that belongs to the same lineage and is related to theMerodon tarsatusgroup based on molecular markers and structure of male genitalia, but lacks modifications of the metatarsus and sternum 4 that are the main diagnostic features of the group. Furthermore, we redefine and redescribe seven taxa of theM. tarsatusgroup. Following detailed analyses of type material, we revise the status of all available taxa related toM. tarsatusand we propose the following new synonyms:M. ankylogasterHurkmans, 1993syn. nov.(junior synonym ofM. hypochrysosHurkmans, 1993);M. persicusHurkmans, 1993syn. nov.(junior synonym ofM. oidipousHurkmans, 1993); andM. xanthipousHurkmans, 1993syn. nov.(junior synonym ofM. marginicornisHurkmans, 1993). We apply Maximum Parsimony and Maximum Likelihood analyses of the 5′ end of the mitochondrialCOIgene sequences to genetically characterize species in theM. tarsatusgroup and the related species,M. nigroalatusVujić, Likov & Radenkovićsp. nov.
Long Farewell: Bureaucracy of Transnational Death in (Post)-Mortal Practices of Russian-Speaking Immigrants in Finland
Authors: Davydova-Minguet Olga , Pöllänen Pirjo
Published: February 2023

The article analyses the confusions around dealing with death-related bureaucracies that Russian-speaking immigrants living in Finland’s border areas have to carry out. Death of their loved ones puts migrants in contact with officials of different levels in their Finnish localities of dwelling and Russian localities of origin. The fulfilment of all bureaucratic requirements feels unfamiliar and laborious and turns to a “long farewell” in the experiences of immigrants. The study makes use of different ethnographic materials by the authors and presents them in a form of “typical story” that is compiled from diverse, but yet alike experiences of Russian-speaking immigrants. Main confusions derive from the digitalization of bureaucratic services in Finland and the need to present paper certificates in Russia, as well as the dominant role of Lutheran church in Finnish burial administration. These encounters and experiences add to our understanding of Russian-speaking migrants’ transnationalism, which seems to be highly dependent on both Finnish and Russian welfare services and authorities, as well on the deteriorating conflict between Russia and “the West”.
Le poids des dispositions pour survivre et préparer les épreuves de l’asile. Enquête auprès des demandeurs d’asile homosexuels exclus du dispositif national d’accueil
Authors: Bouchet-Mayer Cyriac , Ferez Sylvain
Published: February 2023

Cet article s’intéresse aux hommes demandant l’asile au motif de leur orientation sexuelle ou identité de genre qui ne sont pas hébergés dans le dispositif d’accueil prévu à cet effet et qui, de fait, doivent compenser l’absence d’hébergement et de suivi socioadministratif sérieux. Les stratégies qu’ils mobilisent pour compenser ce déficit sont décrites à partir d’une enquête ethnographique dans deux associations accompagnant des requérants au statut de réfugié. Ces stratégies sont influencées par la diversité des statuts administratifs, mais aussi des ressources dont disposent les enquêtés. Cet article montre in fine comment les dispositions économiques, scolaires et sociocommunautaires pèsent sur les chances d’obtenir le statut de réfugié pour les requérants ne bénéficiant pas d’un hébergement.
Brain Tumor Segmentation Using Deep Learning Technique
Authors: Khan Muhammad Hashir , iftikhar Aksam , Wahab Tayyab
Published: February 2023

Cancer is one of the most lethal diseases in the world. A brain tumor is a form of cancer that develops in the brain's glial cells. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a prominent imaging tool for detecting brain tumors. It includes four different modalities that neurologists use to determine the location and kind of tumor. The suggested approach uses a 2D U-Net model to separate the brain tumors sub regions. To prevent excessive preprocessing and GPU utilization, the authors utilize the patching approach to partition the picture slices into distinct patches in this study. Second, they leverage the squeeze and excitation blocks to more effectively map low-level features to high-level features than a basic U-Net. The suggested technique yields DICE scores of 0.85, 0.87, and 0.90 for the three tumor categories of enhancing tumor, whole tumor, and tumor core, respectively. The results outperform the most recent approaches, including the major papers from the Brats 2019 competition.
Using Pulse Oximetry Measurements for Disease Monitoring
Authors: Sendra Sandra , Viciano-Tudela Sandra , Ivars-Palomares Alberto , Lloret Jaime , Belda-Ramirez Jose
Published: February 2023

Chronic diseases are diagnosed using medical devices, which are essential for good and quick detection. Generally, those devices are expensive. This chapter offers a global vision of both respiratory diseases, cardiac diseases, and other types of diseases in which the heart and respiratory system are involved. It also discusses the pulse oximeter and its functions, as well as the plethysmographic curve and the information provided by the dicrotic fissure, the ascending and descending branches of the graph. Characterizing the curve both quantitatively and qualitatively, they can obtain the oxygen saturation values, vasodilation values, vasoconstriction, anemia, and so on. This device gained relevance in 2020 due to SARS-CoV2 pandemic. It is used as a first screening when the patient arrives at the hospital. Finally, the authors show a low-cost pulse oximeter proposal based on different sensors. Thanks to the development of low-cost devices, more people can be monitored without the need to go to medical consultations, thus reducing the collapse in hospitals and avoiding unnecessary patient travel.
Evolution and Tendency on the Feature Extraction Process for Diagnostic Aid in Healthcare
Authors: Escobar-Linero Elena , Muñoz-Saavedra Luis , Luna-Perejón Francisco , Civit-Masot Javier , Rivas-Pérez Manuel , Domínguez-Morales Manuel , Balcells Anton Civit
Published: February 2023

Diagnostic support systems based on artificial intelligence are of great interest in the field of healthcare since they offer an early and highly accurate diagnosis. In recent years, the use of machine learning models that are less complex than the most widely used ones, such as deep neural networks, has been of interest. For this purpose, it is necessary to apply previous steps of feature extraction of different types, according to the problem that has to be solved. In this chapter, the authors intend to provide an overview of the current panorama of these systems, differentiating between those that extract features and those that do not. An exhaustive analysis is made of the works carried out in the last five years, checking the artificial intelligence models used, the features extracted, and the countries responsible for each work.
Framework for Remotely Monitoring Patients Using Embedded Devices
Authors: Limbo Anton , Limbo Selma , Kautwima Paulus Shidiladileni
Published: February 2023

With current technological advancements, it is now possible to monitor and control certain aspects in daily lives using digital devices. One such area is in healthcare where it is now possible to measure vital signs using sensors attached to an embedded device. This chapter looks at the development of a framework for monitoring patients in remote areas using embedded devices. The chapter outlines a design as well as requirements for deploying a monitoring system. The design includes three modules, a sensor module responsible for measuring vital signs of the patient such as body temperature, blood pressure, heart-rate, and respiratory rate; a processing module that analyses the measured vital signs for storing and transmitting; and a transmitting module for sending and receiving data thus enabling the system to be part of IP networks. The chapter concludes with a conceptual model of the framework outlining the operations of the system in terms of measuring vital signs of patients as well as how healthcare professionals access these measured signs.
A High-Speed Architecture for Lung Cancer Diagnosis
Authors: Ratnakumar Rahul , K. Shilpa , Nanda Satyasai Jagannath
Published: February 2023

Here the authors propose a simplified technique and its architecture for blind segmentation of histopathological images of lung cancer, combining the K-Means and Histogram analysis. An improved version of Otsu's algorithm is introduced for performing histogram analysis to determine the number of clusters for executing the automatic segmentation of histopathological images. The architecture is input with Biopsy images of cancer patients suffering from different stages of Lung cancer, procured from standard hospital databases to evaluate the performance. The results obtained are compared with the existing works from the literature showing considerable improvement in the overall efficiency of the image segmentation process. Segmentation output in terms of quantitative parameters like PSNR, SSIM, time of execution, etc., as well as qualitative analysis, clearly reveals the usefulness of this technique in high-speed cytological evaluation. The proposed architecture gives promising results in terms of its performance with a time of execution of 192.25ms.
Fragment Assembly Based Fast and Optimal DNA Sequencing
Authors: G. Raja , U. Srinivasulu Reddy
Published: February 2023

Growth of healthcare systems has resulted in growth of personalized medicine. Genome sequencing is one of the major players that can enable personalized medicine. The huge computational requirement of this process has made this facility costly and unaffordable for many. DNA sequencing methods that can be performed at computationally low cost and with better performance are sought. The first model presents particle swarm optimization (PSO) and cuckoo search (CS) based models and analyzes their performance levels on sequencing DNA. The sequence assembly is performed using particle swarm optimization (PSO) and cuckoo search (CS). The work then analyzes the pros and cons of using PSO and CS to determine the most effective model. The second method presents the approximate matching model for DNA sequence assembly. The third technique proposes a MapReduce based highest exact matches which successfully exploits and maps between DNA sequences using parallel index method.
Cyberwars and National Business Systems From a Macro-Institutional Perspective
Authors: Bekar Fevziye
Published: February 2023

From the past to the present, strategies have been developed for business internationalization in the context of strategic management. These strategies have been examined theoretically and practically. To give an example of these approaches, the internationalization processes of businesses were primarily examined under two sub-headings, static and dynamic. A process where globalization affects national culture, social life, and borders is lived. Therefore, macro theory literature is another field that deals with the globalization process and internationalization strategies. The aim of this study is to examine how cyber wars will affect national business systems, based on the macro theory literature, with the interpretive paradigm.
A Study on the Determination of Family Structure and Economic Status of Families Immigrated from Syria to Turkey due to the War
Authors: Tüfekci Nurcan , Hazer Oya
Published: February 2023

This research was planned and conducted to determine the family structure and economic status of families who migrated from Syria due to the war. The data of this descriptive study were collected as a result of face-to-face interviews with 200 women aged 18 and over, who were married or experienced marriage, among Syrian immigrant women in Ankara, Turkey, selected by Stratified Random Sampling Method. The questionnaire form used in the research was applied to women in the family because of the high probability of answering the questions on the subject. There are questions examining the demographic characteristics of women such as age and education level; questions about family structure of immigrant families examining family type, marital status, age at first marriage, number of children, and questions examining women's working status, spouse's working status, those who bring regular income to the family, perceived income level, comparing their income with their income in Syria, income sources of the family, the expenditure group that receives the highest share of family income, tools and equipment owned at home, and the situation of saving, the economic situation of immigrant families in the questionnaire form. It was determined that the education level of the women included in the study was very low (73.0% in primary school and less), and 43.5% of them lived in an extended family type. Among women (13 people) working in any job outside, 53.8% of them work in different daily/ intermittent jobs and among women living with their spouses (121 people), 36.3% of their spouses work in full-time jobs. It was revealed that among the income sources of the family, the most (94.5%) social aids (in-kind and cash benefits from the state, foundations, municipalities, and associations) were included, and the spending group that received the highest share from the family income (94.3%) spends on housing (house rent, heating, electricity and water bills), the most (94.0%) cooker among the appliances owned at home, and almost all of them (96.0%) could not save. As a result of the findings obtained in the research, valid suggestions were made.
Lawfare or the War Behind the Curtains
Authors: Casado Gutiérrez Fernando , Oliván López Fernando , Luque González Arturo
Published: February 2023

This study provides a general framework of the processes of lawfare from a critical and propositional perspective. The concept deployed here derives from previous international studies that relate it to the war between East and West as manifested in the Ukraine-Russia conflict, taking into account its etymology and academic scope within Anglo-Saxon and European contexts. Lawfare processes, in addition to being a weapon to wear down an opponent, also involve the manipulation of public opinion by relying on the mass media, social networks, and supranational organizations to serve specific interests. The analysis presented here shows that this polysemic term can take numerous and sometimes ambiguous forms that inadvertently become interwoven. Clearly, since wider society is not privy to lawfare processes, they often go undetected, and there is a lack of preparedness, such as effective tools, to deal with them and provide redress.
Possible Geopolitical Consequences of the Russia-Ukraine War
Authors: Chitadze Nika
Published: February 2023

Russia–Ukraine relations are the bilateral ties between the Russian Federation and Ukraine. Following the Ukrainian Revolution of Dignity in 2014, Ukraine's Crimean Peninsula was occupied by unmarked Russian forces, and later annexed by Russia, while pro-Russia separatists simultaneously engaged the Ukrainian military in an armed conflict for control over eastern Ukraine; these events marked the beginning of the Russo-Ukrainian War. In a major escalation of the conflict on 24 February 2022, Russia launched a full-scale invasion of the Ukrainian mainland across a broad front, causing Ukraine to sever all formal diplomatic ties with Russia. Throughout 2021 and 2022, a Russian military buildup on the border of Ukraine escalated tensions between the two countries and strained their bilateral relations. Ukraine broke diplomatic relations with Moscow in response to Russia's invasion of Ukraine. Streets bearing the names of Russian figures and monuments symbolising Russian and Ukrainian friendship were removed from various locations across Ukraine.
The Nexus of War, Violence, and Rights
Authors: Gupta Naina Eve , Kumar Kishlay , Sinha Keshav
Published: February 2023

Afghanistan is a land that is known for its war, violence, and instability. Called a rogue state, Afghanistan has been living with violence and war as part of its reality for the last four decades. The ordinary lives of civilians have been marred by violent and unwelcoming foreign involvement, invasion, and tussle for power. Afghanistan has historically been caught up between foreign powers and treated like a pawn in a larger global conflict. At different times in history, parties have tried to get control over this landlocked, strategically important country. As a result, Afghanistan has never really seen a stable, long-lasting, democratically functioning government leading it to be called the Graveyard of Empires. In its political history, it has worked like a puppet in the hands of foreign powers and has been able to function only with their support and aid. Afghanistan is a fragile state struggling to form a stable polity and clamouring for world recognition and, more importantly, support. This chapter takes the reader on a journey to war-torn Afghanistan.
Applying Data Mining in Surveillance
Authors: Harrag Fouzi , Alshehri Ali
Published: February 2023

In the current times where human safety is threatened by man-made and natural calamities, surveillance systems have gained immense importance. But, even in presence of high definition (HD) security cameras and manpower to monitor the live feed 24/7, room for missing important information due to human error exists. In addition to that, employing an adequate number of people for the job is not always feasible either. The solution lies in a system that allows automated surveillance through classification and other data mining techniques that can be used for extraction of useful information out of these inputs. In this research, a data mining-based framework has been proposed for surveillance. The research includes interpretation of data from different networks using hybrid data mining technique. In order to show the validity of the proposed hybrid data mining technique, an online data set containing network of a suspicious group has been utilized and main leaders of network has been identified.
Heterogeneity of Islet-Infiltrating IL-21+ CD4 T Cells in a Mouse Model of Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Ciecko Ashley E , Wang Yu , Harleston Stephanie , Drewek Amber , Serreze David V , Geurts Aron M , Lin Chien-Wei , Chen Yi-Guang
Published: February 2023

IL-21 is essential for type 1 diabetes (T1D) development in the NOD mouse model. IL-21–expressing CD4 T cells are present in pancreatic islets where they contribute to T1D progression. However, little is known about their phenotype and differentiation states. To fill this gap, we generated, to our knowledge, a novel IL-21 reporter NOD strain to further characterize IL-21+ CD4 T cells in T1D. IL-21+ CD4 T cells accumulate in pancreatic islets and recognize β cell Ags. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that CD4 T effector cells in islets actively express IL-21 and they are highly diabetogenic despite expressing multiple inhibitory molecules, including PD-1 and LAG3. Islet IL-21+ CD4 T cells segregate into four phenotypically and transcriptionally distinct differentiation states, that is, less differentiated early effectors, T follicular helper (Tfh)–like cells, and two Th1 subsets. Trajectory analysis predicts that early effectors differentiate into both Tfh-like and terminal Th1 cells. We further demonstrated that intrinsic IL-27 signaling controls the differentiation of islet IL-21+ CD4 T cells, contributing to their helper function. Collectively, our study reveals the heterogeneity of islet-infiltrating IL-21+ CD4 T cells and indicates that both Tfh-like and Th1 subsets produce IL-21 throughout their differentiation process, highlighting the important sources of IL-21 in T1D pathogenesis.
Comparative efficacy of coconut oil-pulling therapy versus 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthrinse on dental plaque and gingival health
Authors: Malik Arun , Chopra Priyanka , Kapoor Shalini , Massamati Sujata
Published: February 2023

Introduction:

Periodontitis is an inflammatory microbial disease caused by complex of microbes. Prevention and control of periodontal disease must be based on the regular and complete removal of bacterial plaque n. Various modes of mechanical and chemical means of plaque control exist Conventionally, essential oils have also been used to cure many oral conditions. Many oils have been investigated for their effectiveness as anti plaque and anti gingivitis agents. Very few studies have used coconut oil or this purpose.

Aim:

The present study was undertaken with the aim to investigate the efficacy of virgin coconut oil pulling therapy versus 0.2% CHX mouthrinse and their effect on clinical parameters and total microbial load in salivary sample of periodontally healthy volunteers.

Material and Methods:

A total of 30 periodontally healthy volunteers with the age range of 18–45 years were randomly divided into two groups:-Group 1:virgin coconut oil mouthrinse (Plant Lipids®, Cochin, India) and Group 2: 0.2% CHX mouthrinse (Clohex Plus®, Dr Reddy's, India). Clinical parameters such as Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), and Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI) were recorded for all the subjects. An unstimulated salivary sample was collected in a sterile calibrated bottle and sent for baseline examination of oral microbial load. Subjects were asked to perform oil pulling in (Group 1) and 0.2% CHX rinse in (Group 2) in front of the instructor and were asked to continue for rest of the trial period in the same manner.

Results:

The mean PI at day 10, day 21, and day 30 was significantly more among coconut oil than CHX group. The mean CFU at day 10, day 21, and day 30 was significantly more among coconut oil than the CHXgroup.

Conclusion:

Both the study groups showed reductions in PI, GI, and GBI scores, higher reductions were seen in the CHX group. It was observed that CHX and virgin coconut oil were effective against microorganisms, thus causes a reduction in CFU and thus serve as a good alternative.
Effect of 1-Month Structured Yoga Training Program on Perceived Stress Scale in Adults
Authors: Muley Parikshit Ashok , Muley Pranjali Parikshit , Mandlik Vishwas Vasant , Deshpande Vidya Pravin
Published: February 2023

Background:

Human health is primarily affected by stress leading to various noncommunicable diseases. The study was conducted to analyze whether yoga in daily routine improves perceived stress scores.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of yoga training on Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) in adult population.

Objectives:

The objective of this study was to analyze and compare stress scale during pre- and postyoga sessions.

Materials and Methods:

The study was conducted on 70 healthy adults of age group 18–50 years coming to Yoga center under Yoga Vidya Gurukul. PSS was administered in those subjects on two occasions that is before starting the yoga sessions (pre yoga) and after completing the 5 weeks of structured yoga protocol sessions (post yoga).

Results:

Our study showed significant improvement in perceived stress scores upon completion of 1 month of yoga training, which highlights the importance of yoga in stress management and possible mechanism of effect of yoga on psychological level.
Unraveling the Quantification of Intrabony Defect
Authors: Natarajan Rajakumari , Arunachalam Muthukumaraswamy , Krishnamurthi Malathi , Raj Steffy Selastin
Published: February 2023

Periodontitis a chronic inflammatory disease caused by dysbiotic plaque biofilm is characterized by the destruction of periodontal supporting structures. Based on the direction and angle, interproximal bone loss can either be horizontal or vertical. The identification and evaluation of these defects are imperative to ascertain therapeutic intervention. In this review, a detailed discussion about various methods adopted in evaluating interproximal bone defect is scrutinized.
A Rare Case of Morel-Lavallee Lesion
Authors: Lochini M. Naga Meena , Johnson Thanka , Suresh Natarajan , Selvaraj Karthikeyan
Published: February 2023

Morel-Lavallee lesion (MLL) is a closed soft-tissue degloving injury caused by shearing force abruptly separating the skin and superficial fascia from the deep fascia and creating a potential space. Blood, lymphatic fluid, and debris collect and fill the space. The thigh, hip, and pelvic regions are the most commonly affected regions. Apart from the classic location over the region of the greater trochanter, MLLs have been described in other parts of the body. We present the case of a 67-year-old female patient with a past medical history of hypertension presented with a gradually growing swelling of the right gluteal region of 4-week duration, associated with pain on movement and relieved on rest and with no previous history of trauma, pain, or inability to walk. Ultrasonography of the right gluteal region revealed a well-defined localized collection measuring 8.0 cm × 5.1 cm × 2.6 cm with internal septations and few solid components with peripheral vascularity noted in the right gluteal region. Surgical excision specimen of the same was sent for histopathological examination, and a diagnosis of MLL was made. Early diagnosis and management is essential as any delay in diagnosis or missed lesion will lead to the effusion becoming infected or leading to extensive skin necrosis.
Work from Home – A Growing Trend in IT Companies Benefits, Drawbacks, Opportunities, and Challenges
Authors: Ugemuge Pratiksha Tulshiram , Shingankar Sneha , Joshi Shobha
Published: February 2023

Objective:

The objective of this study was to describe the threaten situation in the COVID-19 scenario and to know the benefits, drawbacks, opportunities, and challenges of trend work from home. It will be a golden opportunity for people who work from home in an organized way to enjoy with family and earn money together.

Background:

In past decades, lots of changes of working methods have occurred. These revolutionary changes are very useful and it is a need of time.

Methods:

This is a narrative review of literature compiling the findings of literature from searches of computerized databases, textbooks, and discussion with community.

Discussion:

The collected data from the literature review are presented into themes to get clear scenes and ideas. Some recommendations are discussed to use it in a proper way.

Conclusion:

This study identifies elements that affect workers' physical, mental, and emotional health and well-being while working from home, and it lays the groundwork for thinking about how to best support a pleasant work from home experience. As per ideas establish a routine, be organized, have a sufficient workspace, boost your productive work, be responsible, avoid lot of multitasking, enhance communication and network, be balanced, study remote research possibilities, and learn from issues.
Gastroduodenal Artery Pseudoaneurysm
Authors: Pavanan Asish , Vaidya Shirish V , Harshith Gowda K. B. , Dhande Rajasbala Pradeep
Published: February 2023

Gastroduodenal artery pseudoaneurysms are rare complications of pancreatitis and commonly manifest as abdominal pain and gut bleeding due to rupture. Usually, these vascular complications are asymptomatic and are thus diagnosed incidentally on magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography examination. Pseudoaneurysms should be treated immediately after diagnosis because of the higher rate of mortality (90%) in untreated cases, whereas 12% in treated cases. Herein, we describe a unique case of gastroduodenal artery pseudoaneurysm in a 29-year-old male patient with chronic pancreatitis, which was treated successfully with embolization.
Submandibular Sialolithiasis USG Diagnosis
Authors: Phatak Suresh Vasant , Madurwar Kaustubh A. , Harshith Gowda K. B. , Nagendra Vadlamudi
Published: February 2023

Submandibular sialolithiasis is an uncommon pathology characterized by the presence of calculi in the salivary ducts. Ultrasonography is highly sensitive and specific for its diagnosis and helps in patient management.
Periosteal Pedicle Graft
Authors: Maity Snigdha , Priyadharshini Vidya , Nisha Swet , Shashikumar Pratibha
Published: February 2023

Gingival recession is a very common periodontal defect where gingiva moves apically and results in the exposure of root surface causing hypersensitivity, root caries that further leads to shallow vestibule and narrowing the amount of attached gingiva. Various surgical techniques are performed multiple times to get predictable results. In order to avoid patients' discomfort and number of invasive procedures, an intense need for an autograft is required, which has an adequate vascular supply and can be obtained from the same surgical site. Hence, we presented a case series where periosteal pedicle graft is used in treating Miller's class I and II single and multiple recession defects and its effectiveness over a 6-month period.
Intraindividual Comparison of MRIs with Extracellular and Hepatobiliary Contrast Agents for the Noninvasive Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using the Korean Liver Cancer Association–National Cancer Center 2022 Criteria
Authors: Yoon Ja Kyung , Han Dai Hoon , Lee Sunyoung , Choi Jin-Young , Choi Gi Hong , Kim Do Young , Kim Myeong-Jin
Published: February 2023

Purpose The aim of the present study was to evaluate the per-lesion sensitivity and specificity of the Korean Liver Cancer Association–National Cancer Center (KLCA-NCC) 2022 criteria for the noninvasive diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with intraindividual comparison of the diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance imaging with extracellular agents (ECA-MRI) and hepatobiliary agents (HBA-MRI).Materials and Methods Patients at high risk for HCC who were referred to a tertiary academic institution for hepatic lesions with size ≥ 10 mm between July 2019 and June 2022 were enrolled. A total of 91 patients (mean age, 58.1 years; 76 men and 15 women) with 118 lesions who underwent both ECA-MRI and HBA-MRI were eligible for final analysis. The per-lesion sensitivities and specificities of the KLCA-NCC 2022 criteria using ECA-MRI and HBA-MRI were compared using McNemar’s test.Results The 118 lesions were 93 HCCs, 4 non-HCC malignancies, and 21 benign lesions. On HBA-MRI, the “definite” HCC category showed significantly higher sensitivity than ECA-MRI (78.5% vs. 58.1%, p < 0.001), with identical specificity (92.0% vs. 92.0%, p > 0.999). For “probable” or “definite” HCC categories, there were no differences in the sensitivity (84.9% vs. 84.9%, p > 0.999) and specificity (84.0% vs. 84.0%, p > 0.999) between ECA-MRI and HBA-MRI.Conclusion The “definite” HCC category of the KLCA-NCC 2022 criteria showed higher sensitivity in diagnosing HCC on HBA-MRI compared with ECA-MRI, without compromising specificity. There were no significant differences in the sensitivity and specificity of “probable” or “definite” HCC categories according to ECA-MRI and HBA-MRI.
ECOTOXICOLOGICAL STUDIES OF PESTICIDE FORMULATIONS ON SOIL SENTINEL'S MICROFLORA (NITROSOMONAS AND NITROBACTER SPP.) AND MESOFAUNA (EPHYRIODRILUS SPP.)
Authors: Aborisade Wakili Tope , Atuanya Ernest Ikenna
Published: February 2023

The ecotoxicological effect of pesticide formulations at the concentration range of half of the normal field rate (0.5FR), normal field rate (FR), 2FR, 4FR and 8FR respectively on representative microflora and mesofauna soil sentinels was investigated. Inhibition effects over the 1, 2, 3 and 4 hr period of exposure in Winogradsky media were observed for microflora. Avoidance responses were observed for mesofauna in pesticide spiked soils after a 48 hr exposure period. Generally, there was a corresponding decrease in mesofauna population with increase in pesticide concentrations. The LC50 values after 4 hrs of exposure indicated that endosulfan (4.37 µg/l) and paraquat (10.02 µg/l) formulations had more toxic effect on Nitrosomonas sp. Cypermethrin and glyphosate showed more toxic effects on Nitrobacter sp. with LC50 values of 10.21 µg/l and 10.50 µg/l respectively. Ephyriodrilus spp. were observed to avoid all the pesticide treated soils at different concentrations as compared to pesticide free soils with less than 20 % observed in the soil spiked with 4FR and 8FR for endosulfan and cypermethrin and 8FR for glyphosate and paraquat. Pesticide formulation at the concentration above the recommended rate could adversely affect the soil organisms and affect their important ecological functions.
ASSOCIATION OF APHIDS (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE) WITH THE FLOWERING PLANTS OF NITROGEN-FIXING CLADE OF FABIDS (ANGIOSPERMS: EUDICOTS) IN INDIA
Authors: Singh Rajendra , Singh Garima , Agrawal Ruhi
Published: February 2023

The present checklist deals with the association of aphids with the plants belonging to the four orders of nitrogen-fixing clade of fabids eudicot angiosperms, i.e. Cucurbitales, Fabales, Fagales and Rosales recorded in India. Total 294 species of plants of these orders belonging to 124 genera and 13 families are associated with 239 species of aphids put into 102 genera and 7 subfamilies of aphids. The aphids are related with only two families of Cucurbitales, Begoniaceae and Cucurbitaceae. Single species of Begoniaceae and 21 species of Cucurbitaceae are associated with 2 and 25 species of aphids, respectively. Almost 67 species of aphids are associated with 111 species of plants belonging to Fabaceae. Fagales includes 3 families, Betulaceae, Fagaceae and Juglandaceae and 38, 89 and 20 species of aphid use 6, 16 and 3 species of plants of these families, respectively. Among Rosales, maximum species of plants (89 species) of Rosaceae are infested by 166 species of aphids followed by Moraceae (17 species of plants by 27 species of aphids), Urticaceae (13 species of plants by 28 species of aphids), Cannabaceae (6 species of plants by 7 species of aphids), and less than it on Rhamnaceae, Ulmaceae and Elaeagnaceae. Aphis (Aphis) gossypii Glover is highly polyphagous on this clade of eudicots infesting 73 plant species, followed by Aphis (Aphis) spiraecola Patch (36 plant species), Myzus (Nectarosiphon) persicae (Sulzer) (27 plant species), Aphis (Toxoptera) aurantii Boyer de Fonscolombe and Brachycaudus (Brachycaudus) helichrysi (Kaltenbach) (26 plant species each) and Myzus (Myzus) ornatus Laing (25 plant species).
Y ellos qué? La fecundidad masculina en España
Authors: Miret Gamundi Pau
Published: February 2023

El descenso de la fecundidad en España ha sido uno de los fenómenos demográficos que por su rapidez, intensidad y relevancia más atención ha recibido durante los últimos años. La fecundidad ha caído de los 2,8 hijos e hijas por mujer en 1976 a los 1,1 en 1998. Sin embargo, el estudio de la fecundidad se ha centrado en la perspectiva femenina, sin pronunciarse, pensando que era irrelevante, en qué pasaba con la masculina. En este número de Perspectives Demogràfiques realizado por el CED de la UAB, introducimos al varón en el análisis de la fecundidad a través, por un lado, del Índice Sintético de Fecundidad (ISF) masculino y, por otro, de la caracterización de los padres (hombres) primerizos. De los resultados se colige: primero que la fecundidad masculina y femenina en el siglo XXI, aunque con una evolución paralela, muestra un mayor descenso entre los hombres; segundo, que la razón
de este diferencial se encuentra en el desequilibrio de efectivos entre sexos, con mayor presencia de varones en relación a las mujeres en edades reproductivas y; en tercer lugar, que entre los hombres no es el nivel de instrucción el que determina las diferencias en la fecundidad, sino el acceso al mercado laboral
IDENTIFIKASI PERFORMA ALGORITMA BLAKE3 UNTUK VALIDASI DATA
Authors: Muhammad Thabrani Ariq , Miftahuddin Yusup
Published: February 2023

This study aims to test the ability and performance of the BLAKE3 algorithm in determining data integrity. The test will conduct a series of trials using the checksum method to obtain the hash value of a data using the BLAKE3 algorithm. The parameters tested are computation time, power consumption, CPU thread, and data size. This test shows that the BLAKE3 algorithm is able to validate data. With this test, the use of the BLAKE3 algorithm has optimal parameters that can be set in order to get the fastest and most efficient results of computing time and power consumption.
PERANCANGAN VIRTUAL REALITY TOUR SEBAGAI MEDIA INFORMASI TATA LETAK GEDUNG KAMPUS II IAIN BUKITINGGI
Authors: Anang Wijaya  , Musril Hari Antoni , Okra Riri , Khairuddin Khairuddin
Published: February 2023

The research was motivated by the problem of the number of students who did not recognize each campus building and sometimes some students were late for lectures because they did not know the location of the lecture hall. The method used is Research and Development (R&D). The development model applied by Luther Sutopo's that is Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC) has 6 stages, the first is Concept, the second is Design, the third is Material Collection, the fourth is Assembly, the fifth is Testing, and the sixth is Distribution. The tests carried out in this study were product validity tests, product practicality tests, and product effectiveness tests. The results of the study are in the form of information media based on virtual reality tours as information media for IAIN Bukitinggi campus layout II that can be used by students wherever and whenever they have internet access