bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using social marketing for the promotion of cognitive health: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Barbier Mathilde , Schulte Caroline , Kornadt Anna , Federspiel Carine , Steinmetz Jean-Paul , Vögele Claus
Published: October 2021

Introduction

The use of social marketing strategies to induce the promotion of cognitive health has received little attention in research. The objective of this scoping review is twofold: (i) to identify the social marketing strategies that have been used in recent years to initiate and maintain health-promoting behaviour; (ii) to advance research in this area to inform policy and practice on how to best make use of these strategies to promote cognitive health.

Methods and analysis

We will use the five-stage methodological framework of Arksey and O’Malley. Articles in English published since 2010 will be searched in electronic databases (the Cochrane Library, DoPHER, the International Bibliography of the Social Sciences, PsycInfo, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus). Quantitative and qualitative study designs as well as reviews will be considered. We will include those articles that report the design, implementation, outcomes and evaluation of programmes and interventions concerning social marketing and/or health promotion and/or promotion of cognitive health. Grey literature will not be searched. Two independent reviewers will assess in detail the abstracts and full text of selected citations against the inclusion criteria. A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses flowchart for Scoping Reviews will be used to illustrate the process of article selection. We will use a data extraction form, present the results through narrative synthesis and discuss them in relation to the scoping review research questions.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethics approval is not required for conducting this scoping review. The results of the review will be the first step to advance a conceptual framework, which contributes to the development of interventions targeting the promotion of cognitive health. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal. They will also be disseminated to key stakeholders in the field of the promotion of cognitive health.
Study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial studying the effect of a music intervention on anxiety in adult critically ill patients (The RELACS trial)
Authors: Kakar Ellaha , Van Mol Margo , Jeekel Johannes , Gommers Diederik , van der Jagt Mathieu
Published: October 2021

Introduction

Anxiety is common in critically ill patients and has likely become more prevalent in the recent decade due to the imperative of the recent Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Prevention and Management of Pain, Agitation/Sedation, Delirium, Immobility, and Sleep Disruption in Adult Patients (PADIS) to use low levels of sedation and strive for wakefulness. However, management of anxiety has not been included in the PADIS guidelines, and there is lack of evidence to treat it in spite of its growing importance. Administration of sedative and analgesic medication is often chosen to reduce anxiety, especially when associated with agitation. Sedatives are associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation, delirium and muscle wasting and are therefore preferably minimised. Previous studies have suggested positive effects of music interventions on anxiety in the critically ill. Therefore, we aim to study the effect of music intervention on anxiety in adult critically ill patients.

Methods and design

A multicentre randomised controlled trial was designed to study the effect of a music intervention on the level of anxiety experienced by adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). One hundred and four patients will be included in three centres in the Netherlands. Patient recruitment started on 24-08-2020 and is ongoing in three hospitals. The primary outcome is self-reported anxiety measured on the visual analogue scale. Secondary outcomes include anxiety measured using the six-item State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, sleep quality, agitation and sedation level, medication requirement, pain, delirium, complications, time spend on mechanical ventilation, physical parameters and ICU memory and experience.

Ethics and dissemination

The Medical Ethics Review Board of Erasmus MC University Medical Centre Rotterdam, The Netherlands, has approved this protocol. The study is being conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Results of this trial will be published in peer-reviewed scientific journals and conference presentations.

Trial registration number

NCT04796389.
Unmet needs in occupational health: prevention and management of viral hepatitis in healthcare workers in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Nguyen Tran , Pham Trang , Tang Hong K , Phan Loc , Mize Gary , Lee William M , Gish Robert , Trang Amy , Le Anh , Phan Hai T , Nguyen Binh T , Dao Doan Y
Published: October 2021

Objectives

Vietnam is an endemic area for hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection (HBV-HCV), yet its largest city, Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), has no comprehensive policy to educate, screen, treat and protect healthcare workers (HCWs) from viral hepatitis. We conducted a mixed-methods study to document HBV-HCV infection rates, risk factors, local barriers and opportunities for providing education, screening and medical care for HCWs.

Design

This mixed-methods study involved an HBV and HCV serological evaluation, knowledge, attitude and practice survey about viral hepatitis and many in-depth interviews. Descriptive statistics and thematic content analysis using inductive and deductive approaches were used.

Setting

HCMC, Vietnam.

Participants

HCWs at risk of viral hepatitis exposure at three hospitals in HCMC.

Results

Of the 210 invited HCWs, 203 were enrolled. Of the 203 HCWs enrolled, 20 were hepatitis B surface antigen-positive, 1 was anti-hepatitis C antibody (anti-HCV Ab)-positive, 57 were anti-hepatitis B core Ab-positive and 152 had adequate anti-hepatitis B surface Ab (anti-HBs Ab) titre (≥10IU/mL). Only 50% of the infected HCWs reported always using gloves during a clinical activity involving handling of blood or bodily fluid. Approximately 50% of HCWs were still not vaccinated against HBV following 1 year of employment. In-depth interviews revealed two major concerns for most interviewees: the need for financial support for HBV-HCV screening and treatment in HCWs and the need for specific HBV-HCV guidelines to be independently developed.

Conclusions

The high HBV infection rate in HCWs coupled with inadequate preventive occupational practices among the population in HCMC highlight the urgent needs to establish formal policy and rigorous education, screening, vaccination and treatment programmes to protect HCWs from HBV acquisition or to manage those living with chronic HBV in Vietnam.
Impact of COVID-19 on the digital divide: a rapid review
Authors: Litchfield Ian , Shukla David , Greenfield Sheila
Published: October 2021

Objective

The increased reliance on digital technologies to deliver healthcare as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic has meant pre-existing disparities in digital access and utilisation of healthcare might be exacerbated in disadvantaged patient populations. The aim of this rapid review was to identify how this ‘digital divide’ was manifest during the first wave of the pandemic and highlight any areas which might be usefully addressed for the remainder of the pandemic and beyond.

Design

Rapid review and narrative synthesis.

Data sources

The major medical databases including PubMed and Embase and Google Scholar were searched alongside a hand search of bibliographies.

Eligibility criteria

Original research papers available in English which described studies conducted during wave 1 of the COVID pandemic and reported between 1 March 2020 and 31 July 2021.

Results

The search was described using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and identified nine studies. The results are presented within a refined framework describing the three key domains of the digital divide: (1) digital access, within which one study described continuing issues with internet connectivity among vulnerable patients in the UK; (2) digital literacy, where seven studies described how ethnic minorities and the elderly were less likely to use digital technologies in accessing care; (3) digital assimilation, where one study described how video technologies can reduce feelings of isolation and another how elderly black males were the most likely group to share information about COVID-19 on social media platforms.

Conclusions

During the early phase of the pandemic in the developed world, familiar difficulties in utilisation of digital healthcare among the elderly and ethnic minorities continued to be observed. This is a further reminder that the digital divide is a persistent challenge that needs to be urgently addressed when considering the likelihood that in many instances these digital technologies are likely to remain at the centre of healthcare delivery.
Impact of mRNA vaccines in curtailing SARS-CoV-2 infection and disability leave utilisation among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: cross-sectional analysis from a tertiary healthcare system in the Greater Houston metropolitan area
Authors: Vahidy Farhaan S , Pan Alan P , Hagan Kobina , Bako Abdulaziz T , Sostman Henry Dirk , Schwartz Roberta L , Phillips Robert , Boom Marc L
Published: October 2021

Objectives

We provide an account of real-world effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines among healthcare workers (HCWs) at a tertiary healthcare system and report trends in SARS-CoV-2 infections and subsequent utilisation of COVID-19-specific short-term disability leave (STDL).

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting and participants

Summary data on 27 291 employees at a tertiary healthcare system in the Greater Houston metropolitan area between 15 December 2020 and 5 June 2021. The initial 12-week vaccination programme period (15 December 2020 to 6 March 2021) was defined as a rapid roll-out phase.

Main outcomes and measures

At the pandemic onset, HCW testing and surveillance was conducted where SARS-CoV-2-positive HCWs were offered STDL. Deidentified summary data of SARS-CoV-2 infections and STDL utilisation among HCWs were analysed. Prevaccination and postvaccination trends in SARS-CoV-2 positivity and STDL utilisation rates were evaluated.

Results

Updated for 5 June 2021, 98.2% (n=26 791) of employees received a full or partial dose of one of the approved mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. The vaccination rate during the rapid roll-out phase was approximately 3700 doses/7 days. The overall mean weekly SARS-CoV-2 positivity rates among HCWs were significantly lower following vaccine roll-out (2.4%), compared with prevaccination period (11.8%, p<0.001). An accompanying 69.8% decline in STDL utilisation was also observed (315 to 95 weekly leaves). During the rapid roll-out phase, SARS-CoV-2 positivity rate among Houston Methodist HCWs declined by 84.3% (8.9% to 1.4% positivity rate), compared with a 54.7% (12.8% to 5.8% positivity rate) decline in the Houston metropolitan area.

Conclusion

Despite limited generalisability of regional hospital-based studies—where factors such as the emergence of viral variants and population-level vaccine penetrance may differ—accounts of robust HCW vaccination programmes provide important guidance for sustaining a critical resource to provide safe and effective care for patients with and without COVID-19 across healthcare systems.
To dictate or collaborate? A phenomenological exploration of physiotherapists’ leadership styles
Authors: Smith Victoria , Maxwell Claire , Robinson Lisa
Published: October 2021

Objectives

Selection of effective leadership styles within healthcare is linked to high quality, safe care for patients. Within the literature attention has been given to medical and nursing professions, failing to acknowledge the contribution made by physiotherapy leaders. This study aims to consider the leadership styles used by physiotherapists in a designated leadership role, specifically exploring the barriers they face and the strategies employed to overcome current leadership dilemmas.

Design

A qualitative, phenomenological design was used. Consent was obtained from each participant for one semistructured interview which was audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Framework analysis was used to analyse the data.

Setting

A large National Health Service Foundation Trust within the North East of England.

Participants

A purposive sample of ten physiotherapy team leaders.

Results

The theoretical leadership framework that emerged demonstrated the daily tensions experienced by physiotherapy team leaders in regard to being a transactional or transformational leader. Within this, three superordinate themes exist: the individual, the team and the organisation and beyond. Each theme contained barriers and enablers which related to transactional and transformational leadership styles, respectively.

Conclusions

The framework identified gives insight into a group of clinical leaders not yet explored and provides a foundation for the development of leadership behaviours throughout physiotherapy. These clinicians should be supported by senior leaders to develop more transformational styles which have the potential to impact on staff well-being and patient care. Future research should compare these findings with studies involving larger sample sizes that span the health and social care system.
Symbiotic interactions between a newly identified native mycorrhizal fungi complex and the endemic tree Argania spinosa mediate growth, photosynthesis, and enzymatic responses under drought stress conditions
Authors: Outamamat Elmostapha , El Mrabet Said , Dounas Hanane , Bargaz Adnane , Duponnois Robin , Ouahmane Lahcen
Published: October 2021

Water deficit or drought is the most important abiotic stress limiting plant growth performance and plant community development; this is typical in the Mediterranean area where plants are often severely and permanently water limited. Such is the case of the argan tree (Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels), one of the tree species most affected by desertification and global warming. To advance knowledge on how this tree can withstand drought stress, inoculation with a native complex of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), composed mainly of the genus Glomus, was studied in connection with a set of growth and physiological parameters. Under controlled conditions, inoculated and non-inoculated argan seedlings were grown for 3 months under three water regimens: 25%, 50%, and 75% relative to the field capacity of used soil substrate. The results showed that the argan tree had different growth abilities to develop and withstand the various applied water limitations. The AMF complex stimulated the growth and mineral nutrition of argan seedlings under the different imposed levels of water deficiency. Relative water content (RWC) in leaves, water potential, and stomatal conductance in argan leaves showed a general improvement in inoculated seedlings compared to non-inoculated ones. Soluble sugar and proline contents significantly increased in non-inoculated seedlings compared with inoculated seedlings under water-limiting conditions (25%). Similarly, oxidative enzyme (catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase) activity increased significantly in drought-stressed seedlings. Non-inoculated seedlings showed the highest accumulation of these enzymes. Moreover, mycorrhizal symbiosis establishment positively correlated with argan tree seedlings in terms of growth, mineral nutrition, soluble sugar and proline contents, and enzymes activities. The main results from the current study suggest that AMF improve the ability of A. spinosa to tolerate drought by enhancing mineral nutrition and the transport of high levels of water by enhancing the RWC and water potential in leaves. Finally, the alleviation of the destructive effects of reactive oxygen species was modulated by enzymatic scavenging activity. Hence, the use of AMF in the technical process of argan seedlings production is highly recommended in different ecofriendly restoration strategies, with the aim of producing high quality seedlings capable of tolerating drought stress.
Task-based support in search engines
Authors: Garigliotti Darío
Published: October 2021

Darío Garigliotti is a postdoctoral researcher at Aalborg University, Denmark, where he works in collaboration with Prof. Katja Hose and Assoc. Prof. Johannes Bjerva, in the areas of information extraction, information retrieval and natural language processing. He completed his doctoral degree in Computer Science at University of Stavanger, Norway, under the supervision of Prof. Krisztian Balog. The website at https://dariogarigliotti.github.io/ contains more information about Garigliotti's work.

The research conducted by Garigliotti focused on utilizing and extending methods and techniques from semantic search within an information access paradigm that aims to support users in achieving their tasks. More specifically, to enhance search engines with functionalities for recognizing the underlying tasks in searches and providing support for task completion. The work presented in this thesis is organized in three grand themes: entity type information for entity retrieval, entity-oriented search intents, and task-based search. Alongside the theoretical and empirical contributions, a number of resource contributions were developed, including several corpora and test collections, and a knowledge base of entity-oriented search intents.
Grappling Spacecraft
Authors: Henshaw Carl Glen , Glassner Samantha , Naasz Bo , Roberts Brian
Published: October 2021

This article provides a survey overview of the techniques, mechanisms, algorithms, and test and validation strategies required for the design of robotic grappling vehicles intended to approach and grapple free-flying client satellites. We concentrate on using a robotic arm to grapple a free-floating spacecraft, as distinct from spacecraft docking and berthing, where two spacecraft directly mate with each other. Robotic grappling of client spacecraft is a deceptively complex problem: It entails designing a robotic system that functions robustly in the visually stark, thermally extreme orbital environment, operating near massive and extremely expensive yet fragile client hardware, using relatively slow flight computers with limited and laggy communications. Spaceflight robotic systems are challenging to test and validate prior to deployment and extremely expensive to launch, which significantly limits opportunities to experiment with new techniques. These factors make the design and operation of orbital robotic systems significantly different from those of their terrestrial counterparts, and as a result, only a relative handful of systems have been demonstrated on orbit. Nevertheless, there is increasing interest in on-orbit robotic servicing and assembly missions, and grappling is the core requirement for these systems. Although existing systems such as the Space Station Remote Manipulator System have demonstrated extremely reliable operation, upcoming missions will attempt to expand the types of spacecraft that can be safely and dependably grappled and berthed.
Cardiovascular Effects of Particulate Air Pollution
Authors: Bhatnagar Aruni
Published: October 2021

Inhalation of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), produced by the combustion of fossil fuels, is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Exposure to PM2.5 has been linked to increases in blood pressure, thrombosis, and insulin resistance. It also induces vascular injury and accelerates atherogenesis. Results from animal models corroborate epidemiological evidence and suggest that the cardiovascular effects of PM2.5 may be attributable, in part, to oxidative stress, inflammation, and the activation of the autonomic nervous system. Although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear, there is robust evidence that long-term exposure to PM2.5 is associated with premature mortality due to heart failure, stoke, and ischemic heart disease.
A Tale of Two Checkpoints: ATR Inhibition and PD-(L)1 Blockade
Authors: Ngoi Natalie Y.L. , Peng Guang , Yap Timothy A.
Published: October 2021

Innate immunity and the DNA damage response (DDR) pathway are inextricably linked. Within the DDR, ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) is a key kinase responsible for sensing replication stress and facilitating DNA repair through checkpoint activation, cell cycle arrest, and promotion of fork recovery. Recent studies have shed light on the immunomodulatory role of the ATR-CHK1 pathway in the tumor microenvironment and the specific effects of ATR inhibition in stimulating an innate immune response. With several potent and selective ATR inhibitors in developmental pipelines, the combination of dual ATR and PD-(L)1 blockade has attracted increasing interest in cancer therapy. In this review, we summarize the clinical and preclinical data supporting the combined inhibition of ATR and PD-(L)1, discuss the potential challenges surrounding this approach, and highlight biomarkers relevant for selected patients who are most likely to benefit from the blockade of these two checkpoints.
Evolutionary expansion of polyaspartate motif in the activation peptide of mouse cationic trypsinogen limits autoactivation and protects against pancreatitis
Authors: Orekhova Anna , Németh Balázs Csaba , Jancsó Zsanett , Geisz Andrea , Mosztbacher Dóra , Demcsák Alexandra , Sahin-Tóth Miklós
Published: October 2021

Unwanted autoactivation of the digestive protease trypsinogen can result in pancreatitis. The trypsinogen activation peptide contains a polyaspartate motif that suppresses autoactivation. This study demonstrates that evolutionary expansion of these aspartate residues in mouse cationic trypsinogen further inhibits autoactivation and enhances protection against pancreatitis.
Comparative impact of dietary carbohydrates on the liver transcriptome in two strains of mice
Authors: Chi Yuling , Youn Dou Yeon , Xiaoli Alus M. , Liu Li , Qiu Yunping , Kurland Irwin J. , Pessin Jacob B. , Yang Fajun , Pessin Jeffrey E.
Published: October 2021

Excessive long-term consumption of dietary carbohydrates, including glucose, sucrose, or fructose, has been shown to have significant impact on genome-wide gene expression, which likely results from changes in metabolic substrate flux. However, there has been no comprehensive study on the acute effects of individual sugars on the genome-wide gene expression that may reveal the genetic changes altering signaling pathways, subsequent metabolic processes, and ultimately physiological/pathological responses. Considering that gene expressions in response to acute carbohydrate ingestion might be different in nutrient sensitive and insensitive mammals, we conducted comparative studies of genome-wide gene expression by deep mRNA sequencing of the liver in nutrient sensitive C57BL/6J and nutrient insensitive BALB/cJ mice. Furthermore, to determine the temporal responses, we compared livers from mice in the fasted state and following ingestion of standard laboratory mouse chow supplemented with plain drinking water or water containing 20% glucose, sucrose, or fructose. Supplementation with these carbohydrates induced unique extents and temporal changes in gene expressions in a strain specific manner. Fructose and sucrose stimulated gene changes peaked at 3 h postprandial, whereas glucose effects peaked at 12 h and 6 h postprandial in C57BL/6J and BABL/cJ mice, respectively. Network analyses revealed that fructose changed genes were primarily involved in lipid metabolism and were more complex in C57BL/6J than in BALB/cJ mice. These data demonstrate that there are qualitative and antitative differences in the normal physiological responses of the liver between these two strains of mice and C57BL/6J is more sensitive to sugar intake than BALB/cJ.
Clinical Efficacy of Treating Endometrial Cancer with Xiaoaiping Tablets under Comprehensive Nursing Intervention and Their Effect on Quality of Life
Authors: Wang Juan , Liu Qingyan , Li Jianping , Nie Dan , Zhang Daiying
Published: October 2021

Objective. To explore the clinical efficacy of treating endometrial cancer with Xiaoaiping tablets under comprehensive nursing intervention and their effect on quality of life. Methods. The clinical data of 120 endometrial cancer patients treated at the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from February 2019 to February 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, and the patients were split into the experimental group and the control group according to their admission order, with 60 cases each. Conventional treatment and Xiaoaiping tablet regimen were received by all patients, those in the control group accepted the general nursing, and those in the experimental group accepted the comprehensive nursing intervention for 12 months, so as to compare their clinical efficacy, quality of life (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy, FACT), negative emotion scores (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, HAD), and Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire (MCMQ) scores between the two groups. Results. No statistical differences in the patients’ general information between the two groups were observed (

P
>
0.05

); compared with the control group after nursing, the experimental group obtained a significantly higher objective remission rate (80.0%), significantly higher disease control rate (90.0%) (

P
<
0.05

), significantly better QOL (

P
<
0.001

), significantly lower negative emotion scores (

P
<
0.001

), and significantly better MCMQ scores (

P
<
0.001

). Conclusion. Adopting Xiaoaiping tablets under comprehensive nursing intervention can improve the negative emotions of patients with endometrial cancer, enhance their confidence in medical treatment, present better efficacy, and obviously promote their QOL. Therefore, comprehensive nursing intervention should be promoted and applied in practice.
Experimental Study on Surface Roughness and Flank Wear in Turning of Nimonic C263 under Dry Cutting Conditions
Authors: Francis Xavier J. , Ravi B. , Jayabalakrishnan D. , Ezilarasan Chakaravarthy , Jayaseelan V. , Elias G.
Published: October 2021

Aircraft component manufacturing sector is looking for high precision machining in aircraft components. The present work explores the operability of green manufacturing of Nimonic C263 using dry turning. Nimonic C263 is tough to turn owing to its inherent quality like low conductivity and more work hardening. Therefore, in order to improve this machined surface/integrity, the controlling factors were optimized based on desirability approach for minimum of surface roughness and flank wear during turning of this alloy using CBN insert. L27 orthogonal array was chosen to carry out the experiment. The effects of controlling factors, such as cutting speed (

V

), feed rate (

S

), and cut penetration/depth of cut (

a

p

) on the outputs, were also explored. The feed rate was a major impact to affect surface finish and flank wear. The average error percentage between the experimental and RSM models for surface finish was 4.76 percent and 2.79 percent for flank wear.
Antimalarial Activity of Hydromethanolic Crude Extract and Chloroform Fraction of Brucea antidysenterica Leaves in Plasmodium berghei-Infected Mice
Authors: Aragaw Tezera Jemere , Getahun Kefyalew Ayalew
Published: October 2021

Background. Different parts of Brucea antidysenterica are used in traditional and alternative medicine in Ethiopia for the treatment of different health problems including malaria and have good in vitro antimalarial activity. However, no in vivo study was conducted to substantiate the claim. Our study planned to determine the antimalarial effect of B. antidysenterica extract. Methods. Swiss albino mice (6–8 weeks old, 20–28 g) were inoculated with Plasmodium berghei. Different doses of both hydromethanolic extract and chloroform fraction were orally given at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/day. Results. The parasitemia suppression percent of hydromethanolic crude extract and chloroform fraction in chemosuppressive tests ranged between 33.48 and 75.93% and 38.32 and 76.64%, respectively. The hydromethanolic crude extract and chloroform fraction exhibited the curative effect of 46.75–70.91% and 50.30–80.06% parasitemia suppression, respectively (

p

 < 0.001), compared with negative control. Conclusion. From our study, it is concluded that the hydromethanolic crude extract and chloroform fraction of B. antidysenterica leaves showed promising antiplasmodial effects against Plasmodium berghei. This upholds the folkloric use of B. antidysenterica leaves and the thought of as a possible source to develop new antimalarial agents.
Cu(II) Coordination Polymer Inhibits Liver Cancer Development via Targeting BCL-2 Protein and Activating Apoptotic Pathway
Authors: Zhou Jing , Peng Xiaowen , Li Xuejiao , Kong Xiaoyu
Published: October 2021

In the current study, a Cu(II) coordination polymer (CP) has been created in success with the solvothermal reaction between an asymmetrical rigid N-heterocyclic carboxylatic acid (HL) and Cu(NO3)2·3H2O in the existence of 1,3-H2bdc, the second assistant ligand (in which 1,3-H2bdc is benzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid and HL is 1-(4-carboxylphenyl)-3-(prazin-2-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole), and the chemical composition of this compound is [Cu2(L)2(1,3-bdc)(H2O)2]n (1). In the biological aspect, we screened the antiproliferation activity of the Cu(II) coordination polymer on five kinds of human cancer cell lines. IC50 and MTT assay results indicated that complex 1 had a spectral antiproliferative activity against liver cancer cells, peculiarly on human HepG2 liver cancer cells. From the data of Annexin V-FITC/PI assay and ROS detection, we can find that complex 1 exerts an antitumor effect by inducing ROS generation and cell apoptosis. Caspase-3 and caspase-9 activity detection revealed that activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9 plays vital roles in HepG2 cell apoptosis. These outcomes indicate that 1 is an excellent compound in treating cancer.
A Dynamic Declarative Composition Scheme for Stream Data Services
Authors: Zhang Zhongmei , Yang Zhongguo , Ali Sikandar , Asshad Muhammad , Slehat Shaher Suleman
Published: October 2021

With the fast development of Sensor Network, Internet of Things, mobile devices, and pervasive computing, enormous amounts of sensor devices are deployed in physical world. Data streams produced by these sensor devices, deployed broadly, can be used to create various value-added applications. Facing continuous, real-time, high-frequency, low-valued data streams, how to flexibly and efficiently cooperate them for creating valuable application is very crucial. In this study, we propose a service-oriented manner to realize flexible streams integration. It considers data stream produced by one sensor data as a stream data service and utilizes composing multiple services to realize the cooperation among sensor devices. Firstly, we propose a stream data service model based on Event-Condition-Action rules, which can encapsulate steam data as services and continuously and timely process stream data into value-added events. Then, we propose a declarative method which can dynamically compose stream data services. Based on two kinds of declarative rules, that is, sink-rules and connect-rules, multiple data streams can be dynamically integrated through flexible service composition. To ensure the performance of service composition, we also employ a sensor partition strategy and process multiple service compositions in parallel. Through comprehensive evaluations by experiments, our service composition method shows both good efficiency and effectiveness.
Evaluation of Renoprotective Effects of Our Locally Grown Green Coffee Beans against Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Swiss Albino Mice
Authors: Leta Bati , Kenenisa Chala , Wondimnew Tesaka , Sime Tariku
Published: October 2021

Introduction. Nephrotoxicity is the most common and severe side effect of cisplatin. Cisplatin causes nephrotoxicity through free radical production and debilitating cellular antioxidant capacity. Coffee is a commonly consumed drink and its ingredients have antioxidant roles that could bring benefits to patients affected by nephrotoxicity. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the renoprotective effects of our locally grown green coffee beans against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in Swiss albino mice. Methods. The posttest only control group design was employed on a total of thirty male Swiss albino mice. The mice were divided into five groups: group I (normal control group) received distilled water; group II (negative control group) received distilled water; and groups III–V (treatment groups) received 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg BW/day of green coffee bean extract for 14 days, respectively. Nephrotoxicity was induced in groups II–V by a single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (7.5 mg/kg). All mice were sacrificed after 14 days and blood was drawn to evaluate kidney function tests (serum creatinine and serum blood urea nitrogen). Besides, body weight, relative kidney weight, and kidney histopathology were investigated. Result. Our results showed that treatment of cisplatin alone (group II mice) significantly increased serum creatinine, serum blood urea nitrogen, relative kidney weight, and pathological damage to the kidney with a decrease in final body weight. However, low-dose green coffee beans (group III), medium-dose green coffee beans (group IV), and high-dose green coffee beans (group V) mice showed a significant dose-dependent decrease in serum creatinine, serum blood urea nitrogen, and relative kidney weight. Furthermore, the dose-dependent treatment with green coffee bean extract prevented the decrease in body weight gain and pathological damage to the kidney in mice. Conclusion. Our locally grown green coffee beans brought a dose-dependent ameliorative effect and a promising preventive approach against cisplatin-induced kidney damage in mice.
Clinical Observation on the Effect of Systematic Nursing Intervention on Cognitive Function, Life Activity Ability, and Quality of Life of Senile Dementia Patients
Authors: Zheng Yuan , Xu Xiaoyan , Zheng Birong
Published: October 2021

Objective. To explore the influence of systematic nursing intervention on the life ability and quality of senile dementia patients. Methods. Total of 82 senile dementia patients who were admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to January 2020 were divided into two groups according to the random number table, and the nursing intervention was analyzed. 41 patients in the control group were given routine nursing care, and 41 patients in the observation group were given systematic nursing intervention. Patients were assessed cognitively using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA). The Barthel index and SF-36 were used to evaluate the patients’ daily activity function and quality of life. A Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) was used to assess mental distress. The Social-Adaptive Function Rating Scale (SAFE) and Social Skills Inventory (SSC) were used to evaluate the patients’ social interaction ability before and after nursing intervention. Nursing satisfaction was distributed to patients in the form of a self-prepared nursing satisfaction questionnaire for scoring. Results. After the nursing intervention, the MoCA scores of patients in the two groups were higher than those before the nursing intervention, and the scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group

P
<
0.05

. After the nursing intervention, the Barthel index scores of patients in the two groups were higher than those before the nursing intervention, and the scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group

P
<
0.05

. After the nursing intervention, the SF-36 scores of patients in the two groups were higher than those before the nursing intervention, and the scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group

P
<
0.05

. After nursing intervention, the SCL-90-R scores of patients in the two groups were lower than those before nursing intervention, and the scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group

P
<
0.05

. After the nursing intervention, the SAFE scores of patients in the two groups were lower than those before the nursing intervention, and the safe scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group

P
<
0.05

. After the nursing intervention, the SSC scores of patients in the two groups were lower than those before the nursing intervention, and the scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group

P
<
0.05

. After nursing intervention, the total satisfaction degree of the control group (80.49%) was lower than that of the observation group (97.56%)

P
<
0.05

. Conclusion. The implementation of systematic nursing intervention is conducive to improve the cognitive function, activity of life, and quality of life of senile dementia patients who have a positive effect, and nursing satisfaction is higher.
The COVID-19 Prevalence among Children: Hypotheses for Low Infection Rate and Few Severe Forms among This Age Group in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Simeni Njonnou Sylvain Raoul , Noumedem Anangmo Nadia Christelle , Kemta Lekpa Fernando , Noukeu Njinkui Diomede , Enyama Dominique , Ngongang Ouankou Christian , Vounsia Balti Eric , Mbono Samba Eloumba Esther Astrid , Moulion Tapouh Jean Roger , Choukem Simeon Pierre
Published: October 2021

Despite some cases of severe or critical manifestations of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) described among children, the prevalence of this infection in the pediatric population is quite low worldwide, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Current data suggest indeed that, independent of the population considered overall, severe and critical cases of COVID-19 are rare among children. This observation prompted us to discuss the possible hypotheses which could explain the low prevalence of COVID-19 among children; amongst others, we discuss (1) immunomodulation by the Bacillus Calmette–Guerin vaccine or by some parasitic infections such as malaria, schistosomiasis, and helminthiasis and (2) cross immunization with other coronaviruses commonly found in the sub-Saharan African setting.
The Role of Lumen-Apposing Metal Stents in Transmural Endoscopic Drainage of Postinflammatory Pancreatic and Peripancreatic Fluid Collections
Authors: Jagielski Mateusz , Jackowski Marek
Published: October 2021

Rapid development of advanced gastrointestinal endoscopic techniques contributed to the appearance of new biomedical materials including polymers, which are used for the production of different types of endoprostheses. Endotherapy (ET) of postinflammatory pancreatic and peripancreatic fluid collections (PPFCs) with the use of lumen-apposing metal stent (LAMS) is an effective method of treatment. This paper describes the high efficacy of ET and its potential complications, which are mostly related to the design of the LAMS used. The high efficacy of LAMS in the transmural drainage of PPFCs is associated with lower safety of treatment. Complications of ET presented in the manuscript are mainly related to endoprosthesis’ construction. This paper presents possible directions of development in the field of transmural LAMSs, which in the future may contribute to the invention of an innovative type of LAMS based on new biomedical technologies. Possibly, subsequent novel endoprosthesis projects, based on the above results, will be able to meet the current needs and requirements associated with endoscopic transmural drainage procedures in cases of postinflammatory PPFCs. The ultimate goal is to improve safety of minimally invasive techniques for treatment of the local consequences of pancreatitis.
[Retracted] Study of Digital Painting Media Art Based on Wireless Network
Authors: Zhong Mengxue
Published: October 2021

Digital media art mainly studies the methods and techniques of using information technology for artistic processing and creation. Through theoretical study, professional skills training, etc., people can master the use of digital media software and have the ability to use digital technology to perform artistic processing on various types of works. This article is aimed at studying the art analysis of digital painting media based on wireless networks. In the past few years, as the country pays more and more attention to it, the level of science and technology in our country is constantly improving. At this stage, it has entered a new media environment using digital media. In the method part, this article proposes wireless network technology. It is believed that digital painting and traditional painting are very different in expression form and artistic concept. Digital painting transforms the static expression of traditional painting into digital form, so that they are no longer limited to the static expression of the plane. In the algorithm part, this article uses the algorithm of virtual technology to make a long‐term plan for the development of digital painting media art. The experimental results of this paper show that the proportions of digital media art materials in practical technology, visual experience, and Chinese painting are 50%, 61%, and 73%, respectively, and their proportions are constantly increasing, occupying an important role in the field of digital media art.
Salivary and Serum Interleukin-10, C-Reactive Protein, Mean Platelet Volume, and CRP/MPV Ratio in the Diagnosis of Late-Onset Neonatal Sepsis in Full-Term Neonates
Authors: Omran Ahmed , Sobh Hazem , Abdalla Mohamed Osama , El-Sharkawy Sonya , Rezk Ahmed R. , Khashana Abdelmoneim
Published: October 2021

Salivary markers could serve as potential noninvasive markers in the diagnosis of neonatal infections. We aimed to investigate the diagnostic role of salivary and serum interleukin 10 (IL-10), C-reactive protein (CRP), mean platelet volume (MPV), and CRP/MPV ratio in the diagnosis of late-onset neonatal sepsis in full-term neonates. Seventy full-term neonates were enrolled in this prospective case-control study, 35 with late-onset neonatal sepsis, and 35 controls. Salivary IL-10, serum IL-10, and CRP concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Complete blood (CBC) count was measured by an automated blood cell counter. The salivary IL-10, serum IL-10, CRP, MPV, and CRP/MPV ratio levels were much higher in neonates with late-onset sepsis than in control (

220
±
150

vs.

18
±
9
 
pg
/
ml

,

P
<
0.001

), (

316
±
198

vs.

23.7
±
14
 
pg
/
ml

,

P
<
0.001

), (

78.2
±
34

vs.

3.3
±
1.7
 
mg
/
L

,

P
<
0.001

), (

11.2
±
0.9

vs.

8.6
±
0.4
 
fL

), and (

7.08
±
3.3

vs.

0.4
±
0.2

,

P
<
0.001

), respectively. At the cutoff point of >31 pg/ml, salivary IL-10 showed 97.1% sensitivity and 94.3% specificity. Serum IL-10 at a cutoff value of ≥33.6 pg/ml had a sensitivity of 97.1% and specificity of 80%. MPV showed a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 94.4% at a

cutoff
 
value
≥
9.2
 
fL

. CRP/MPV ratio showed a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 97.1% at a

cutoff
 
value
>
0.9

. Salivary and serum IL-10 showed a positive correlation with CRP and CRP/MPV ratio in septic neonates. The current study shows for the first time that both salivary IL-10 and CRP/MPV showed statistically significant differences between neonates with late-onset sepsis and controls. Accordingly, salivary IL-10 could serve as a potential noninvasive biomarker for the diagnosis of late-onset sepsis in full-term neonates.
Reidel’s Thyroiditis, a Diagnostic and Management Challenge: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Er-Rahali Yassine , Massine El Hammoumi Mohammed , Issouani Jad , Nfad Colna Antonio , El Moussaoui Souad , Kabiri El Hassane , Guerboub Ahmed Anass
Published: October 2021

Riedel's thyroiditis is a very rare inflammatory condition. It affects not only the thyroid gland but also the adjacent vital structures. It may also be associated with different forms of systemic fibrotic disorders. The exact etiology is unknown, but currently, the most favorable opinion is that it is a localized form of the systemic fibrotic process. We report the case of a 38-year-old woman, presented with a 10-month history of progressive hypothyroidism, dysphonia, and dysphagia. A Doppler ultrasound study revealed massive thyroid enlargement with multiple Eu TIRADS 3 and 4 nodules. Fine needle aspiration was noncontributive on two occasions. A hard subtotal thyroidectomy was performed. Pathological study confirmed Riedel's thyroiditis with the presence of IgG4 antibodies in immunohistochemistry. The patient was successfully treated with levothyroxine replacement and corticosteroid therapy with rapid resolution of obstructive symptoms. The case descriptions highlight the diagnostic challenge of this disease, describe the response to surgical management and corticosteroid therapy, and give a short review of the subject.
An Experimental Validation of Phase‐Based Motion Magnification for Structures with Developing Cracks and Time‐Varying Configurations
Authors: Civera M. , Zanotti Fragonara L. , Antonaci P. , Anglani G. , Surace C.
Published: October 2021

In this study, Computer Vision and Phase‐Based Motion Magnification (PBMM) are validated for continuous Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) purposes. The aim is to identify the exact instant of occurrence for damage or abrupt structural changes from video‐extracted, very low amplitude (barely visible) vibrations. The study presents three experimental datasets: a box beam with multiple saw cuts of different lengths and angles, a beam with a full rectangular cross section and a mass added at the tip, and the spar of a prototype High‐Aspect‐Ratio wing. Both mode‐shape‐ and frequency‐based approaches are considered, showing the potential to identify the severity and position of the damage as well A high‐definition, high‐speed camera and a low‐cost commercial alternative have been successfully utilised for these video acquisitions. Finally, the technique is also preliminarily tested for outdoor applications with smartphone cameras.
Systematic Review of Medicinal Plants Used for Treatment of Diabetes in Human Clinical Trials: An ASEAN Perspective
Authors: Salleh Nazurah Hamizah , Zulkipli Ihsan Nazurah , Mohd Yasin Hartini , Ja’afar Fairuzeta , Ahmad Norhayati , Wan Ahmad Wan Amir Nizam , Ahmad Siti Rohaiza
Published: October 2021

Traditionally, there are some medicinal plants believed to treat diabetes, as they have been proven in research studies to possess antidiabetic properties, such as improved insulin sensitivity and hypoglycemic activities, due to their high level of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and glycosides. We conducted a systematic review to identify potential medicinal plants used during human clinical trials in the Association of Southeast Asian Nation (ASEAN) countries on prediabetic or type 2 diabetic individuals and to potentially identify any bioactive compounds involved in effectively treating symptoms of diabetes such as lowering of blood glucose. A total of 1209 reference titles were retrieved from four selected databases (Science Direct, Scopus, Springer Link, and PubMed) and only three met the inclusion criteria. Upon evaluation of the selected articles, four medicinal plants were identified: turmeric (Curcuma longa), garlic (Allium sativum L.), bitter melon (Momordica charantia), and Rosella flower (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). Of these, only the bitter melon study did not show any significant change in the blood glucose of participants after intervention. This review demonstrates the limitations in published articles of human clinical trials for medicinal plants’ intervention for diabetes. Upon further investigations on the four identified medicinal plants included in the animal studies, the findings showed positive effects in the management of diabetes, such as hyperglycemia. Hence, further testing and standardization of the methods in the studies can be suggested for human clinical trials for reliable data collections such as methods of extract preparation, duration of intervention, and conditions set for the study design.