bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perceived Color Gamut in Images: From Boundary to Difference
Authors: Xie Hao , Wanat Robert , Fairchild Mark D.
Published: June 2022

A larger display color gamut volume (CGV) is expected to produce higher perceived brightness and colorfulness of the images displayed. However, display control algorithms such as gamut mapping and color conversion need to be carefully controlled to fully take advantage of the higher luminance and more saturated display primaries. Using RGBW displays (RGB plus a white channel) as a special case in contrast to RGB displays, it is demonstrated that a larger RGB display gamut enclosed by the boundary did not guarantee a larger color gamut perceived in images. Five gamuts with different white channel contributions were simulated, and seven different image contents were curated and rendered on each display. Using a paired comparison experiment with 33 observers, the perceived scales of color gamut as perceived brightness and colorfulness were derived. The results show more correlation with the image-wise than display-wise CGV and can be explained with image color differences. Our findings highlight the importance of considering image contents when optimizing display gamut volume, which can be guided by such image-wise analysis.
Intrinsic Noise Improves Speech Recognition in a Computational Model of the Auditory Pathway
Authors: Schilling Achim , Gerum Richard , Metzner Claus , Maier Andreas , Krauss Patrick
Published: June 2022

Noise is generally considered to harm information processing performance. However, in the context of stochastic resonance, noise has been shown to improve signal detection of weak sub- threshold signals, and it has been proposed that the brain might actively exploit this phenomenon. Especially within the auditory system, recent studies suggest that intrinsic noise plays a key role in signal processing and might even correspond to increased spontaneous neuronal firing rates observed in early processing stages of the auditory brain stem and cortex after hearing loss. Here we present a computational model of the auditory pathway based on a deep neural network, trained on speech recognition. We simulate different levels of hearing loss and investigate the effect of intrinsic noise. Remarkably, speech recognition after hearing loss actually improves with additional intrinsic noise. This surprising result indicates that intrinsic noise might not only play a crucial role in human auditory processing, but might even be beneficial for contemporary machine learning approaches.
Exosomal miR-4800-3p Aggravates the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Regulating the Hippo Signaling Pathway by Targeting STK25
Authors: Lin Haoming , Peng Jicai , Zhu Taifeng , Xiong Meihong , Zhang Rui , Lei Liming
Published: June 2022

Background

Emerging evidence has shown that exosome microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, the influences of miR-4800-3p on the progression of HCC were explored.

Materials and Methods

The expression of miR-4800-3p in the exosome derived by transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)-treated HCC cells and the serum exosome isolated from HCC patients were identified by real-time PCR. The effects of TGF-β1 and the influences of Huh7-secreted exosomes and the effects of miR-4800-3p combined with/without STK25 on cell functions were explored using the EdU assay cloning experiments, wound healing assay, and Transwell assay. The corresponding molecular mechanisms were further detected using Western blot and real-time PCR assays. The combination of miR-4800-3p and STK25 was verified by the dual-luciferase and RNA pulldown assays. The influences of miR-4800-3p on the growth and epithelial–mesenchymal transformation (EMT) of implanted tumors were tested in vivo and further confirmed by Western blot.

Results

The miR-4800-3p expression was highly expressed in both exosomes derived by TGF-β1-treated HCC cells and the serum exosomes of HCC patients. In the cases of treatment with both Huh7-derived exosomes, the level of miR-4800-3p expression was highest, and the treatment of TGF-β1 could greatly promote the proliferation, stemness, migration, and invasion of HCC cells via upregulating the markers of stemness and EMT, including CD44, CD133, OCT4, N-cadherin, E-cadherin, and ZO-1. Similar results could be obtained when miR-4800-3p was overexpressed in HCC cells. Furthermore, downregulation of STK25 expression, a direct target gene of miR-4800-3p, could greatly rescue the malignant biological behaviors aggravated by overexpression of miR-4800-3p. This was achieved by suppressing the expression of CD44, CD133, OCT4, N-cadherin, and PCNA and activating the Hippo pathway while increasing E-cadherin and ZO-1. Similar results were also obtained in vivo that knockdown of miR-4800-3p expression suppressed tumor growth induced by Huh7-derived exosomes by mediating the EMT markers and the Hippo signaling pathway.

Conclusion

Exosomal miR-4800-3p could accelerate HCC development by regulating the Hippo signal by targeting STK25, which could be used as a new therapeutic target for HCC treatment.
Deep Learning Model for Predicting the Pathological Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy of Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
Authors: Lou Xiaoying , Zhou Niyun , Feng Lili , Li Zhenhui , Fang Yuqi , Fan Xinjuan , Ling Yihong , Liu Hailing , Zou Xuan , Wang Jing , Huang Junzhou , Yun Jingping , Yao Jianhua , Huang Yan
Published: June 2022

Objective

This study aimed to develop an artificial intelligence model for predicting the pathological complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) using digital pathological images.

Background

nCRT followed by total mesorectal excision (TME) is a standard treatment strategy for patients with LARC. Predicting the PCR to nCRT of LARC remine difficulty.

Methods

842 LARC patients treated with standard nCRT from three medical centers were retrospectively recruited and subgrouped into the training, testing and external validation sets. Treatment response was classified as pCR and non-pCR based on the pathological diagnosis after surgery as the ground truth. The hematoxylin & eosin (H&E)-stained biopsy slides were manually annotated and used to develop a deep pathological complete response (DeepPCR) prediction model by deep learning.

Results

The proposed DeepPCR model achieved an AUC-ROC of 0.710 (95% CI: 0.595, 0.808) in the testing cohort. Similarly, in the external validation cohort, the DeepPCR model achieved an AUC-ROC of 0.723 (95% CI: 0.591, 0.844). The sensitivity and specificity of the DeepPCR model were 72.6% and 46.9% in the testing set and 72.5% and 62.7% in the external validation cohort, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the DeepPCR model was an independent predictive factor of nCRT (P=0.008 and P=0.004 for the testing set and external validation set, respectively).

Conclusions

The DeepPCR model showed high accuracy in predicting pCR and served as an independent predictive factor for pCR. The model can be used to assist in clinical treatment decision making before surgery.
Murine Models of Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Kurtz Kristen J. , Conneely Shannon E. , O’Keefe Madeleine , Wohlan Katharina , Rau Rachel E.
Published: June 2022

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a phenotypically and genetically heterogeneous hematologic malignancy. Extensive sequencing efforts have mapped the genomic landscape of adult and pediatric AML revealing a number of biologically and prognostically relevant driver lesions. Beyond identifying recurrent genetic aberrations, it is of critical importance to fully delineate the complex mechanisms by which they contribute to the initiation and evolution of disease to ultimately facilitate the development of targeted therapies. Towards these aims, murine models of AML are indispensable research tools. The rapid evolution of genetic engineering techniques over the past 20 years has greatly advanced the use of murine models to mirror specific genetic subtypes of human AML, define cell-intrinsic and extrinsic disease mechanisms, study the interaction between co-occurring genetic lesions, and test novel therapeutic approaches. This review summarizes the mouse model systems that have been developed to recapitulate the most common genomic subtypes of AML. We will discuss the strengths and weaknesses of varying modeling strategies, highlight major discoveries emanating from these model systems, and outline future opportunities to leverage emerging technologies for mechanistic and preclinical investigations.
Relationship Between Thyroid Autoantibodies and Recurrence of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Huang Dongmei , Zhi Jingtai , Zhang Jinming , Qin Xuan , Zhao Jingzhu , Zheng Xiangqian , Gao Ming
Published: June 2022

Background

Numerous studies reported connection between papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and thyroid autoantibody in adults, but few of them have investigated whether there is a similar link in children and adolescents. The purpose of this research was to explore the relationship between clinicopathological features, prognosis and preoperative thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) as well as thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) status in children and adolescents with PTC.

Methods

This study retrospectively reviewed 179 patients of PTC who underwent a thyroidectomy from January 2000 to June 2021 at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital. We compared preoperative TgAb and TPOAb status with the clinicopathological features and prognosis of children and adolescents with PTC in different age groups.

Results

Patients with positive preoperative TPOAb and TgAb had lower recurrence rate in the younger group (P = 0.006, 0.047, respectively). Patients with positive TPOAb preoperatively had normal level of preoperative Tg and less cervical LNM than patients with negative TPOAb in children and adolescents (P < 0.05). Positive TPOAb preoperatively of PTC patients had a longer median DFS (113.4 months) than negative TPOAb (64.9 months) (P = 0.009, log-rank). Univariate analyses showed age, maximal tumor size, T stage, multifocality, lateral LNM and N staging were predictors for cancer recurrence in children and adolescents (P<0.05). Cox regression analysis found younger age (HR 0.224, P < 0.001), lateral LNM (HR 0.137, P = 0.010), N stage (HR 30.356, P < 0.001) were independent risk factors for recurrence.

Conclusions

Our study found that presence of preoperative TPOAb and TgAb could serve as novel prognostic factors for predicting recurrence of PTC in children.
Nomograms for Predicting Disease-Free Survival in Patients With Siewert Type II/III Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagogastric Junction Receiving Neoadjuvant Therapy and Radical Surgery
Authors: Guo Zhenjiang , Guo Honghai , Tian Yuan , Zhang Ze , Zhao Qun
Published: June 2022

Objective

This study aimed to develop prognostic prediction models for patients with Siewert type II/III adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG) who received neoadjuvant therapy (neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy or neoadjuvant chemotherapy) and radical surgery. A baseline nomogram and a post-operative nomogram were constructed before neoadjuvant therapy and after surgery. The predictive performance of the constructed nomograms was internally validated and compared to the TNM staging system.

Materials and Methods

A total of 245 patients diagnosed with Siewert type II/III AEG and treated with neoadjuvant therapy followed by radical surgery at The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University between January 2011 and December 2017 were enrolled. The variables before neoadjuvant therapy were defined as baseline factors, while the variables of baseline factors along with the variables of treatment and postoperative pathology were defined as post-operative factors. To construct the corresponding nomograms, independent predictors of baseline and post-operative factors were identified. The C-index and a time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve were used to evaluate the model’s discrimination ability. The calibration ability of the model was determined by comparing the probability of predicted free-recurrence to the actual free-recurrence. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to determine the clinical usefulness of the nomogram.

Results

Among the baseline factors, age, cT stage, cN stage, Borrmann type, and staging laparoscopy were independent prognostic predictors. In contrast, among the post-operative factors, age, cN stage, staging laparoscopy, ypT stage, clinical response, number of positive lymph nodes, number of negative lymph nodes, laurén classification, and lymphatic, or perineural invasion (VELPI) were independent prognostic predictors. The two nomograms were constructed using the independent predictors of prognosis. The C-indexes for the baseline and post-operative nomograms were 0.690 (95% CI, 0.644-0.736) and 0.817 (95% CI, 0.782-0.853), respectively. The AUCs of the baseline nomogram at 3 and 5 years were both greater than cTNM (73.1 vs 58.8, 76.1 vs 55.7). Similarly, the AUCs of the post-operative nomogram were both greater than ypTNM (85.2 vs 69.1, 88.2 vs 71.3) at 3 and 5 years. The calibration curves indicated that both models had a high degree of calibration ability. By comparing the DCA at 3 and 5 years, we determined that the two nomograms constructed had better clinical utility than the TNM staging system.

Conclusions

The constructed nomograms have a more accurate predictive ability than the eighth edition TNM staging system, which can be useful for treatment selection and follow-up monitoring of patients.
Authentication of Marantodes pumilum (Blume) Kuntze: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ibrahim Ida Syazrina , Mohd Said Mazlina , Mohammad Zainoor Noraida , Jamal Jamia Azdina
Published: June 2022

Botanical drug products consist of complex phytochemical constituents that vary based on various factors that substantially produce different pharmacological activities and possible side effects. Marantodes pumilum (Blume) Kuntze (Primulaceae) is one of the most popular Malay traditional botanical drugs and widely recognized for its medicinal use. Many studies have been conducted focusing on the identification of bioactive substances, pharmacological and toxicological activities in its specific varieties but less comprehensive study on M. pumilum authentication. Lack of quality control (QC) measurement assessment may cause different quality issues on M. pumilum containing products like adulteration by pharmaceutical substances, substitution, contamination, misidentification with toxic plant species, which may be detrimental to consumers’ health and safety. This systematic literature review aims to provide an overview of the current scenario on the quality control of botanical drug products as determined by pharmacopoeia requirements specifically for M. pumilum authentication or identification. A systematic search for peer-reviewed publications to document literature search for M. pumilum authentication was performed using four electronic databases: Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus and ScienceDirect for related studies from January 2010 to December 2021. The research studies published in English and related articles for identification or authentication of M. pumilum were the main inclusion criteria in this review. A total 122 articles were identified, whereby 33 articles met the inclusion criteria. Macroscopy, microscopy, chemical fingerprinting techniques using chromatography, spectroscopy and hyphenated techniques, and genetic-based fingerprinting using DNA barcoding method have been used to identify M. pumilum and to distinguish between different varieties and plant parts. The study concluded that a combination of approaches is necessary for authenticating botanical drug substances and products containing M. pumilum to assure the quality, safety, and efficacy of marketed botanical drug products, particularly those with therapeutic claims.
Cytotoxicity of Amphotericin B and AmBisome: In Silico and In Vivo Evaluation Employing the Chick Embryo Model
Authors: Khosravi Ahmad , Sharifi Iraj , Tavakkoli Hadi , Molaakbari Elaheh , Bahraminegad Sina , Salarkia Ehsan , Seyedi Fatemeh , Keyhani Alireza , Salari Zohreh , Sharifi Fatemeh , Bamorovat Mehdi , Afgar Ali , Dabiri Shahriar
Published: June 2022

Leishmaniasis has been identified as a significant disease in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, with Iran being one of the disease-endemic areas. Various treatments have been applied for this disease, and amphotericin B (Amp B) is the second line of treatment. Side effects of this drug have been reported in various organs. The present study investigated the effects of different types of Amp B on fetal organs using in silico and in vivo assays (chicken embryos). In vivo analysis was done by checking pathological changes, angiogenesis, and apoptosis alterations on eggs treated by Amp B and AmBisome. In silico approach was employed to predict the affinity of Amp B and AmBisome to the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), its receptor (KDR1), apoptotic-regulator proteins (Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), B-cell lymphoma (Bcl-2), and Caspase-8. The ADME-toxicity prediction reveals that AmBisome possesses a superior pharmacological effect to Amp B. The best result of all the dockings in the Molegro Virtual Docker (MVD) was obtained between Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-8, KDR1, and VEGF-A targets. Due to the lower Egap (HOMO–LUMO) of AmBisome, the chemical reactivity of AmBisome was higher than that of Amp B. In vivo analysis showed that embryos that received Amp B exhibited less vascular density than AmBisome. Amp B alone significantly increased the expression of apoptosis and decreased angiogenesis genes compared to AmBisome. The histopathology analysis of the treated embryos showed a reduction in the blood vessel collapse and an increase in degenerative and apoptotic–necrotic changes in the embryonic tissues. Overall, the results suggest the potential benefits of AmBisome over Amp B, which might be a better treatment strategy to treat leishmaniasis during pregnancy.
Behavioral Phenotypes of Foxg1 Heterozygous Mice
Authors: Younger Skyler , Boutros Sydney , Cargnin Francesca , Jeon Shin , Lee Jae W. , Lee Soo-Kyung , Raber Jacob
Published: June 2022

FOXG1 syndrome (FS, aka a congenital variant of Rett syndrome) is a recently defined rare and devastating neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by various symptoms, including severe intellectual disability, autistic features, involuntary, and continuous jerky movements, feeding problems, sleep disturbances, seizures, irritability, and excessive crying. FS results from mutations in a single allele of the FOXG1 gene, leading to impaired FOXG1 function. Therefore, in establishing mouse models for FS, it is important to test if heterozygous (HET) mutation in the Foxg1 gene, mimicking genotypes of the human FS individuals, also manifests phenotypes similar to their symptoms. We analyzed HET mice with a null mutation allele in a single copy of Foxg1, and found that they show various phenotypes resembling the symptoms of the human FS individuals. These include increased anxiety in the open field as well as impairment in object recognition, motor coordination, and fear learning and contextual and cued fear memory. Our results suggest that Foxg1 HET mice recapitulate at least some symptoms of the human FS individuals.
The Suitability of Propolis as a Bioactive Component of Biomaterials
Authors: Lesmana Ronny , Zulhendri Felix , Fearnley James , Irsyam Ilham A. , Rasyid Renaldi P. H. N. , Abidin Trimurni , Abdulah Rizky , Suwantika Auliya , Paradkar Anant , Budiman Arief S. , Pasang Timotius
Published: June 2022

Propolis is a resinous product collected by bees from plant exudates to protect and maintain hive homeostasis. Propolis has been used therapeutically for centuries as folk medicine. Modern research investigating the diversity of the chemical composition and plant sources, biological activity, extraction processes, analytical methods, and therapeutic properties in clinical settings have been carried out extensively since the 1980s. Due to its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and immuno-modulator properties, propolis appears to be a suitable bioactive component to be incorporated into biomaterials. This review article attempts to analyze the potential application of propolis as a biomaterial component from the available experimental evidence. The efficacy and compabitility of propolis depend upon factors, such as types of extracts and types of biomaterials. Generally, propolis appears to be compatible with hydroxyapatite/calcium phosphate-based biomaterials. Propolis enhances the antimicrobial properties of the resulting composite materials while improving the physicochemical properties. Furthermore, propolis is also compatible with wound/skin dressing biomaterials. Propolis improves the wound healing properties of the biomaterials with no negative effects on the physicochemical properties of the composite biomaterials. However, the effect of propolis on the glass-based biomaterials cannot be generalized. Depending on the concentration, types of extract, and geographical sources of the propolis, the effect on the glass biomaterials can either be an improvement or detrimental in terms of mechanical properties such as compressive strength and shear bond strength. In conclusion, two of the more consistent impacts of propolis across these different types of biomaterials are the enhancement of the antimicrobial and the immune-modulator/anti-inflammatory properties resulting from the combination of propolis and the biomaterials.
JBP485, A Dual Inhibitor of Organic Anion Transporters (OATs) and Renal Dehydropeptidase-I (DHP-I), Protects Against Imipenem-Induced Nephrotoxicity
Authors: Wang Chong , Wang Changyuan , Wu Jingjing , Meng Qiang , Jin Huan , Sun Huijun , Kaku Taiichi , Chen Jing , Huo Xiaokui , Liu Kexin
Published: June 2022

Imipenem (IMP) possesses a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity; however, nephrotoxicity limits its clinical application in patients with renal insufficiency. In our previous studies, a dipeptide, JBP485, a dipeptide with the chemical structure cyclo-trans-4-L-hydroxyprolyl-L-serine, was found to attenuate drug-induced kidney injury. The current study aimed to explore whether JBP485 could relieve IMP-induced kidney injury and clarify the potential molecular pharmacokinetic mechanism. The effects of JBP485 on IMP nephrotoxicity were evaluated in rabbits and human kidney 2 (HK-2) cells. Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) mediated by organic anion transporters (OATs) and dehydropeptidase-I (DHP-I) were explored through pharmacokinetic studies in rats, metabolism assays in the kidney, and uptake studies in OAT-over-expressing cells. The results revealed that JBP485 significantly ameliorated IMP-induced nephrotoxicity in rabbits. Further, incubation of HK-2 cells with JBP485 or cilastatin markedly improved the cell survival rate, inhibited apoptosis and attenuated mitochondrial damage by improving the stability of IMP and reducing its intracellular accumulation. This suggests that DHP-I and OATs might be involved in the protective effect of JBP485. Furthermore, coadministration with JBP485 significantly increased the IMP’s plasma concentration as well as the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC), while decreasing IMP renal clearance and cumulative urinary excretion. Moreover, JBP485 reduced IMP uptake in kidney slices and OAT1/3-human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells. At the same time, the metabolism of IMP by DHP-I was inhibited by JBP485 with an IC50 value of 12.15 ± 1.22 μM. Finally, the molecular docking assay revealed a direct interaction between JBP485 and OAT1/3 or DHP-I. In conclusion, JBP485 protected against IMP nephrotoxicity in rabbits and HK-2 cells by improving IMP stability and reducing its intracellular accumulation via simultaneous inhibition of renal OATs and DHP-I. JBP485 is a promising renoprotective agent and could serve as an effective supplement to reduce IMP-induced adverse renal reactions in the clinical setting.
Detailed Simulation of Single-Bounce Capillaries for Various X-Ray Sources
Authors: Shao Shangkun , Li Huiquan , Yuan Tianyu , Zhang Xiaoyun , Hua Lu , Sun Xuepeng , Liu Zhiguo , Sun Tianxi
Published: June 2022

In order to draw a high-quality single-bounce capillary (SBC) to meet various applications, there is an increasing demand for detailed simulations of the SBC. In this study, a code based on the ray-tracing method was developed to simulate SBCs in detail for various X-ray sources to optimize their performances by considering factors such as attenuation of X-rays, coating, X-ray source characteristics (spot-size, distribution of energy, and intensity), surface shape errors, centerline errors, surface roughness, and absorption edges of X-rays. This code has monochrome and polychrome modes which were usually used to simulate the monoenergetic and polyenergetic performances of the SBC.
Unextendible Entangled Bases With a Fixed Schmidt Number Based on Generalized Weighing Matrices
Authors: Tao Yuan-Hong , Yong Xin-Lei , Bai Ya-Ru , Xu Dan-Ni , Wu Shu-Hui
Published: June 2022

We systematically study the constructions of unextendible entangled bases with a fixed Schmidt number k (UEBk) in a bipartite system Cd⊗Cd′. Motivated by the methods of [J. Phys. A 52 : 375,303, 2019], we construct (dd’ − v)-member UEBks in Cd⊗Cd′ by using generalized weighing matrices and thus generalize the results of [arXiv: 1909.10043, 2020]. We also present the corresponding expressions of our constructions and graphically illustrate UEB3s in C5⊗C6 and C6⊗C6.
HIF1α-Dependent Induction of TFRC by a Combination of Intestinal Inflammation and Systemic Iron Deficiency in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Fagundes Raphael R. , Bourgonje Arno R. , Hu Shixian , Barbieri Ruggero , Jansen Bernadien H. , Sinnema Nienke , Blokzijl Tjasso , Taylor Cormac T. , Weersma Rinse K. , Faber Klaas Nico , Dijkstra Gerard
Published: June 2022

Background and Aims: Iron deficiency (ID) is a frequent extra-intestinal manifestation in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), who often do not respond to iron supplementation. Iron is a cofactor for hydroxylases that suppress the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α), a transcription factor regulating iron homeostasis. We hypothesized that iron deficiency affects mucosal HIF1α activity in IBD.

Methods: IBD patients (n = 101) were subdivided based on iron status (ferritin levels or transferrin saturation) and systemic inflammation (C-reactive protein levels). 154 corresponding ileal and colonic biopsies were analyzed for differential expression of 20 HIF1α pathway-associated genes and related to iron and inflammation status. In vitro expression of selected HIF1α pathway genes were analyzed in wild-type and HIF1A-null Caco-2 cells.

Results: Gene expression of the mucosal HIF1α pathway was most affected by intestinal location and inflammatory status. Especially, ileal mucosal TFRC expression, encoding the transferrin receptor TFR1, was increased in inflamed tissue (p < 0.001), and further enhanced in ID. Accordingly, TFRC expression in inflamed tissue associated negatively with serum iron levels, which was not observed in the non-inflamed mucosa. The HIF1α pathway agonist DMOG increased TFRC expression in Caco-2 cells, which was blunted in HIF1A-null cells.

Conclusion: We demonstrate that inflammation and anatomical location primarily determine HIF1α pathway activation and downstream TFRC expression in the intestinal mucosa. IBD patients with ID may benefit from treatment with HIF1α-agonists by 1) increasing TFRC-mediated iron absorption in non-inflamed tissue and 2) decreasing mucosal inflammation, thereby improving their responsiveness to oral iron supplementation.
Plant Population and Row Spacing Affects Growth and Yield of Rainfed Maize in Semi-arid Environments
Authors: Haarhoff Stephanus J. , Swanepoel Pieter A.
Published: June 2022

Increased tolerance to competition for soil resources of modern maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids increases soil resource use efficiency and yield. Yet little information is available on the relationship between maize population density and yield under no-tillage in semi-arid environments. A 2-year field trial was conducted in South Africa during the 2017/2018 (Season 1) and 2018/2019 (Season 2) production seasons to evaluate growth and water use productivity of rainfed maize established at seven diverse plant population (20,000–60,000 plants ha−1) and row spacing (0.52 and 0.76 m) configurations. In Season 1, light interception was 6.8% greater at 0.76 m row spacing compared to 0.52 m row spacing (p < 0.05). In Season 2, despite dry and hot growing conditions, a well-developed leaf canopy cover was present at 0.52 m row spacing indicating a 10.4% greater intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (IPAR) compared to 0.76 m row spacing. In Season 1, with more uniform rainfall distribution, no biomass or yield benefits were found with increased plant population, except at 50,000 plants ha−1 at 0.76 m row spacing. In Season 2, plant populations at 0.76 m row spacing out-yielded any given plant population at 0.52 m row spacing. The optimal plant population and row spacing will ultimately be a compromise between obtaining high maize grain yield and minimizing the potential for crop failure in semi-arid environments.
Emotions Modulate Affordances-Related Motor Responses: A Priming Experiment
Authors: Giocondo Flora , Borghi Anna M. , Baldassarre Gianluca , Caligiore Daniele
Published: June 2022

Traditionally, research on affordances and emotions follows two separate routes. For the first time, this article explicitly links the two phenomena by investigating whether, in a discrimination task (artifact vs. natural object), the motivational states induced by emotional images can modulate affordances-related motor response elicited by dangerous and neutral graspable objects. The results show faster RTs: (i) for both neutral and dangerous objects with neutral images; (ii) for dangerous objects with pleasant images; (iii) for neutral objects with unpleasant images. Overall, these data support a significant effect of emotions on affordances. The article also proposes a brain neural network underlying emotions and affordance interplay.
A Bibliometric Analysis of Child Language During 1900–2021
Authors: Guo Xingrong
Published: June 2022

This study purposed to provide a bibliometric overview of child language (CL) research from 1900 to 2021 and identify major trends in CL. A total of 48,453 research articles related to the CL were identified from the Web of Science. Co-authorship, co-word, and co-citation analysis was conducted by using VOSviewer and CiteSpace. The following was analyzed: annual distribution of related papers; related disciplines; mainstream journals; geographical and institutional distribution; hot topics; keyword burst detection; and co-citation analysis of journals, authors, and references. Results showed that, under the impact of new empirical methods and new theories, the field of CL is undergoing great changes. Research hotspot and the research trends mainly concentrated on autism spectrum disorder, school readiness, oral language, reading comprehension, exposure, bilingualism, vocabulary, input, skills, kindergarten, cochlear implants, and intervention. More and more pieces of research focus on the individual difference in CL development and the importance of intervention in language education by typically developing children and some children with disabilities or language disorders. Besides, child second language acquisition also attracted a lot of attention. This bibliometric analysis is of great reference significance for researchers to understand the progress and discipline development trend in this field.
Case Study of Recognition Patterns in Haunted People Syndrome
Authors: Houran James , Laythe Brian
Published: June 2022

Haunted People Syndrome (HP-S) denotes individuals who recurrently report various “supernatural” encounters in everyday settings ostensibly due to heightened somatic-sensory sensitivities to dis-ease states (e.g., marked but sub-clinical levels of distress), which are contextualized by paranormal beliefs and reinforced by perceptual contagion effects. This view helps to explain why these anomalous experiences often appear to be idioms of stress or trauma. We tested the validity and practical utility of the HP-S concept in an empirical study of an active and reportedly intense ghostly episode that was a clinical referral. The case centered on the life story of the primary percipient, a retired female healthcare worker. Secondary percipients included her husband and adult daughter, all of whom reported an array of benign and threatening anomalies (psychological and physical in nature) across five successive residences. Guided by prior research, we administered the family online measures of transliminality, sensory-processing sensitivity, paranormal belief, locus of control, desirability for control, and a standardized checklist of haunt-type phenomena. The primary percipient also completed a measure of adverse childhood events and supplied an event diary of her anomalous experiences. We found reasonably consistent support for HP-S from a set of quantitative observations that compared five proposed syndrome features against the family members’ psychometric profiles and the structure and contents of their anomalous experiences. Specifically, the reported anomalies both correlated with the family’s scores on transliminality and paranormal belief, as well as elicited attributions and reaction patterns aligned with threat (agency) detection. There was also some evidence of perceptual congruency among the family members’ anomalous experiences. Putative psi cannot be ruled out, but we conclude that the family’s ordeal fundamentally involved the symptoms and manifestations of thin (or “permeable”) mental boundary functioning in the face of unfavorable circumstances or overstimulating environments and subsequently acerbated by poor emotion regulation, histrionic and catastrophizing reactions, and active confirmation biases.
Pharmacokinetics of Cannabidiol Following Intranasal, Intrarectal, and Oral Administration in Healthy Dogs
Authors: Polidoro Dakir , Temmerman Robin , Devreese Mathias , Charalambous Marios , Ham Luc Van , Cornelis Ine , Broeckx Bart J. G. , Mandigers Paul J. J. , Fischer Andrea , Storch Jan , Bhatti Sofie F. M.
Published: June 2022

The therapeutic potential of cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychtropic component of the Cannabis sativa plant, is substantiated more and more. We aimed to determine the pharmacokinetic behavior of CBD after a single dose via intranasal (IN) and intrarectal (IR) administration in six healthy Beagle dogs age 3–8 years old, and compare to the oral administration route (PO). Standardized dosages applied for IN, IR and PO were 20, 100, and 100 mg, respectively. Each dog underwent the same protocol but received CBD through a different administration route. CBD plasma concentrations were determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry before and at fixed time points after administration. Non-compartmental analysis was performed on the plasma concentration-time profiles. Plasma CBD concentrations after IR administration were below the limit of quantification. The mean area under the curve (AUC) after IN and PO CBD administration was 61 and 1,376 ng/mL*h, respectively. The maximal plasma CBD concentration (Cmax) after IN and PO CBD administration was 28 and 217 ng/mL reached after 0.5 and 3.5 h (Tmax), respectively. Significant differences between IN and PO administration were found in the Tmax (p = 0.04). Higher AUC and Cmax were achieved with 100 mg PO compared to 20 mg IN, but no significant differences were found when AUC (p = 0.09) and Cmax (p = 0.44) were normalized to 1 mg dosages. IN administration of CBD resulted in faster absorption when compared to PO administration. However, PO remains the most favorable route for CBD delivery due to its more feasible administration. The IR administration route is not advised for clinical application.
Changes in Acute Myocardial Infarction, Stroke, and Heart Failure Hospitalizations During COVID-19 Pandemic in Tuscany—An Interrupted Time Series Study
Authors: Wang Sophie Y. , Seghieri Chiara , Vainieri Milena , Groene Oliver
Published: June 2022

Objectives: We evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on unplanned hospitalization rates for patients without COVID-19, including their length of stay, and in-hospital mortality, overall, and for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), stroke, and heart failure in the Tuscany region of Italy.

Methods: We carried out a population-based controlled interrupted time series study using segmented linear regression with an autoregressive error term based on admissions data from all public hospitals in Tuscany. The primary outcome measure was weekly hospitalization rates; secondary outcomes included length of stay, and in-hospital mortality.

Results: The implementation of the pandemic-related mitigation measures and fear of infection was associated with large decreases in inpatient hospitalization rates overall (−182 [−234, −130]), unplanned hospitalization (−39 [−51, −26]), and for AMI (−1.32 [−1.98, −0.66]), stroke (−1.51 [−2.56, −0.44]), and heart failure (−8.7 [−11.1, −6.3]). Average length of stay and percent in-hospital mortality for select acute medical conditions did not change significantly.

Conclusion: In Tuscany, Italy, the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with large reductions in hospitalization rates overall, as well as for heart failure, and the time sensitive conditions of AMI and stroke during the months January to July 2020.
Professional burnout syndrome for young doctors during a pandemic COVID-19
Authors:   FSBEI HE Saratov State Medical University named after V. I. Razumovsky of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Saratov, Russia, Pakhomova Svetlana Aleksandrovna , Barylnik Yuliya Borisovna ,   FSBEI HE Saratov State Medical University named after V. I. Razumovsky of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Saratov, Russia, Abrosimova Yuliya Sergeevna ,   FSBEI HE Saratov State Medical University named after V. I. Razumovsky of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Saratov, Russia, Kargina Natalya Aleksandrovna ,   FSBEI HE Saratov State Medical University named after V. I. Razumovsky of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Saratov, Russia
Published: June 2022

The article presents the results of a study devoted to identifying the dependence of emotional burnout syndrome and maladaptive coping strategies in young doctors who worked in specialized hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020–2021. An experimental psychological study was conducted, in which 40 young specialists of various medical specialties from 24 to 30 years old took part using the Maslach Burnout Inventory questionnaire (Maslach Burnout Inventory, MVI) and E. Heim’s coping reaction techniques. As a result of the study, it was found that the majority of young professionals are characterized by the presence of emotional burnout syndrome, the frequency of occurrence of maladaptive coping strategies in the group of people with this syndrome is significantly higher.
Communication issue between medical staff and patients in the digital age
Authors:   Privolzhsky Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Nizhny Novgorod, Romanova Tatyana Evgenievna , Berdutina Eleonora Vladimirovna ,   British Association for Psychological Type (BAPT), Israel
Published: June 2022

The issues of the relationship between medical workers and patients have never lost their relevance, since they largely determine: the effectiveness of treatment, adherence of patients to the implementation of medical prescriptions, patient satisfaction from visiting the clinic and, ultimately, the attitude of society towards the healthcare system. The effectiveness of treatment is much higher if the communication style of the doctor corresponds to the type of informational metabolism of the patient. The immutability of the principle of matching the communication styles of two interacting persons lies not only in the fact that this principle is both a guarantee of the patient’s positive mood and an intrinsic component of the healing process, which produces a powerful psychotherapeutic effect. Digital medicine is a new direction in healthcare that is growing by leaps and bounds, which requires scientifically verified communication models that will be adequate to the rapid digital transformation of society and the increased importance of the medical profession. The article provides a brief overview of the latest Russian and foreign literature on interpersonal communications in healthcare and the replacement of outdated models of doctor-patient interaction under the influence of the global digital revolution.
Effectiveness of antifibrinolytic therapy in knee replacement
Authors:   National Center for Rehabilitation and Prosthetics of the Disabled, Tashkent, Uzbekistan,, Ruzibaev Dilmurod Ruzimetovich , Nurimov Gairat Kadamboevich ,   First Clinic of the Tashkent Medical Academy, Glazunov Stanislav Yurievich ,   FSBEI HE BSMU, Kabirov Rakhimbai Dzhalolovich ,   FSBEI HE BSMU
Published: June 2022

The use of antifibrinolytic drugs during knee arthroplasty significantly reduces inter- and postoperative blood loss - by 50% compared to the cases when these drugs are not used. The use of Trenaxa makes it possible to reduce the duration of knee arthroplasty by reducing bone blood loss. In our practice, the use of Trenaxa did not provoke a possible complication, such as thrombus formation in the veins of the lower extremities.
Representatives of the Union of medical professionals organizations participated in the XII forum of children’s nurses, Moscow
Authors:   Union of Medical Professional Organizations, Moscow, Averin Alexander Valerievich
Published: June 2022

On March 5–7, 2022, the 19th Congress of Russian Pediatricians with international participation «Actual Problems of Pediatrics» (hereinafter referred to as the Congress) was held in Moscow at the World Trade Center. The congress was held in a hybrid format with the support of the International Pediatric Association (IPA), the European Pediatric Association (EPA/UNEPSA) and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). The technical organizer of the Congress is Citiforum LLC. Among the numerous organizers of the Congress was the Sverdlovsk Regional Medical College.
Control measures of the effectiveness of procurement expenses of public sector organizations
Authors:   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Kovalenko S.N. , Kovalenko Y.N. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics
Published: June 2022

This article discusses the general scheme of the functioning of the public procurement process in the Russian Federation with an emphasis on the analysis and verification of the effectiveness of spending money during procurement, provides justification for the need for this activity, the consequences of its implementation and some of the goals and objectives for which it is carried out, also identifies factors that increase the economic efficiency of public procurement. In addition, the article contains the definition of factors of competitive procurement in public sector organizations, quantitative indicators used in the analysis of optimal costs in the procurement procedure, the parameters of evaluation of existing market prices for the declared goods, works, or services in order to form the purchase price and indicate the terms of the contract.
Improving the efficiency of the organization of labor relations in medical institutions: a note to the accountant
Authors:   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Lebedev V.A. , Lebedeva E.I. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Non-profit Partnership “Institute of Professional Accountants and Auditors of Russia”, Moscow
Published: June 2022

Practical issues and dynamics of legislation regulating borrowed labor are considered; the possibility of using borrowed labor in the activities of budgetary institutions, including the specifics of using borrowed labor in medical institutions; restrictions on the timing and special procedures for concluding contracts for the provision of employees (personnel). A comparative analysis of civil and labor mechanisms of the use of borrowed labor is carried out, taking into account the restrictions and prohibitions regulated by the current labor legislation. The established requirements for organizations providing personnel, conditions and limitations of such activities are considered.
EVALUATING THE RESULTS OF TREATING ZYGOMATICOMAXILLARY COMPLEX FRACTURES USING CORONAL INCISION
Authors: Nguyen Thi Anh Phuong , Tran Tan Tai , Huynh Van Duong
Published: June 2022

Background: Zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture is a complex form of facial trauma, accounting for a high proportion in facial fractures. The objective of this study was to evaluate the results of zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture surgery using the coronal incision. Subjects and Methods: Clinical and radiographic data were collected from 45 patients (average age 30.73 ± 12.64) who were diagnosed with zygomaticomaxillarycomplex fracture, went through surgery with coronal incision and internal fixation with plates and miniplates. This study assessed the overall treatment results of: anatomy, aesthetics and
function at the time of discharge, 3 months, 6 months postoperatively. Results: Using 4 plates on one patient accounted for 37.8%. The duration of surgery from 90 to 120 minutes constitutes 44.4% and the post-operative time within 1 week makes up 62.2%. The overall treatment results after surgery were: at 1 week postoperatively: good: 48.9%, fair: 40%, acceptable: 8.9%, poor: 2.2%; at 3rd month after surgery: good: 75.5%, fair: 13.4%, acceptable: 8.9%, poor: 2.2%; at 6th month after surgery: good: 75.5%; fair: 17.8%, acceptable: 6.7%.Conclusions: Applying the coronal incision in the treatment of zygomaticomaxillarycomplex fracture with comminuted fracture and deformed bones helps to fully restore the function and aesthetic needs of the patient
Key words: Zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture, coronal incision.
SPERM DNA FRAGMENTATION AND THE RELATIONSHIP WITH SEMEN PARAMETERS
Authors: Nguyen Thi Hiep Tuyet , Nguyen Van Trung , Nguyen Thi Thai Thanh , Dang Thi Hong Nhan , Dang Cong Thuan , Le Minh Tam
Published: June 2022

Objective: To evaluate the level of sperm DNA fragmentation and its association with semen parameters. Material and methods: this cross-sectional study recruited 289 semen samples from the husband of infertile couples who were examined at the Center for Reproductive Endocrinology & Infertility, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital. Evaluated values include semen parameters, sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI). Results: The mean of DFI was 28.37 ± 20.38 (4 - 91)%, the rate of DFI < 30% group was 64.0% and DFI ≥ 30% was 36.0%: Progressive motility in DFI <30% group was higher than DFI ≥ 30% group, statistically significant, (29.87 ± 11.33 vs 26.85 ± 12.61, p = 0.038). DFI was positive correlated with progressive motility
(r = - 0.132, p = 0.025), and tends to be positively correlated with the abnormality head sperm (r = 0.111, p = 0.061). Conclusion: High levels of sperm DNA fragmentation are observed in infertile couples. The sperm DNA fragmentation index is not strongly correlated with semen parameters. Sperm DNA fragmentation test should be performed as an additional step in evaluating male fertility
Key words: semen parameters, sperm, sperm DNA fragmentation index - DFI, big halo