bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimation of peak dosage of kinetic acoustic measures from pressure measurements as derived from time-limited signal waveforms
Authors: Drinnan Robert W. , Dahl Peter H. , Dall'Osto David R.
Published: December 2024

This study builds on Dahl, Bonnel, and Dall'Osto [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 155(5), 3291–3301 (2024)] by empirically demonstrating the equivalence between peak kinematic values (acoustic displacement, velocity, acceleration) and peak dynamic values (pressure). Methods for estimating peak levels from pressure are developed and tested on signals from impulsive sources used in the Seabed Characterization Experiment (2022) and a towed narrow band sonar source from the Target and Reverberation Experiment (2013). The comparison between peak kinematic levels and peak pressure falls within the calibration uncertainty of the vector sensor. The analysis shows that, for typical monitoring scenarios, peak pressure measurements are sufficient to monitor peak kinematic dosages.
Corneal bee sting injury: a clinical conundrum
Authors: Tara Divya , Thigale Uma Y , Vuyyuru Sowjanya , Bhalerao Sushank Ashok
Published: December 2024

This study outlines the clinical features and comprehensive management of three cases of corneal injury by a bee sting. The stinger removal was attempted, and in two cases, the stinger was successfully removed. In one case, a portion of the stinger broke and was left in situ without inciting any further inflammation. In all the cases, the surrounding infiltrate was scraped, and after microbiological evaluation was found to be negative, topical corticosteroids were started. The management of corneal bee sting injuries should include appropriate surgical intervention along with the judicious use of corticosteroids after infective pathology has been excluded.
Embolisation of an acquired uterine arteriovenous malformation
Authors: Coffey Aidan John , Galvin Daniel , Power Stephen , Hayes-Ryan Deirdre
Published: December 2024

A G5P2+2 woman in her 30s presented to hospital with per vaginum (PV) bleeding, approximately 2 weeks post electric vacuum aspiration (EVA) for retained products of conception. Ultrasound and MRI demonstrated a large vascular myometrial lesion, suggestive of a uterine arteriovenous malformation (UAVM). She underwent digital subtraction angiography (DSA) with interventional radiology and simultaneous uterine artery embolisation (UAE). She represented 2 weeks later with recurrent PV bleeding and anaemia. She underwent repeat DSA, demonstrating persistent UAVM, and a repeat embolisation was performed. Symptoms resolved following the second embolisation, and a repeat MRI performed 12 weeks later demonstrated complete resolution of the UAVM.

Although UAVMs are rare lesions, they can cause significant haemorrhage and morbidity. The presence of UAVM should particularly be considered after uterine intervention such as EVA or caesarean section.

UAE is a safe and effective therapy, which preserves fertility.
Giant cell arteritis following SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Fekrazad Sepehr , Micieli Jonathan A
Published: December 2024

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a vasculitis characterised by arterial inflammation, with permanent vision loss being a feared complication. The association between GCA and viral infections is well-known, but there is limited data regarding its relationship to COVID-19. A man in his 80s with a recent history of COVID-19 developed sudden vision loss, persistent headaches and jaw claudication. Ophthalmological findings raised the suspicion of a GCA diagnosis, which was confirmed by temporal artery biopsy. Treatment with prednisone stabilised vision and resolved systemic symptoms. Reports suggest a potential temporal correlation between GCA onset and COVID-19 infection, warranting further investigation into potential mechanisms and clinical implications. This case supports an infectious trigger for GCA, which is a leading theory regarding its pathogenesis.
Autologous simple limbal stem cell transplantation with conjunctival autograft in chronic unilateral total LSCD with severe symblepharon due to severe alkali burn
Authors: Mazumdar Shefali , Chauhan Richa , Chaudhary Shelly
Published: December 2024

This report details the case of a middle-aged man with chronic unilateral total limbal stem cell deficiency with severe symblepharon in his left eye with upper lid mechanical ptosis, restricted ocular movements and visual acuity limited to counting fingers at 2 feet. 9 months prior to his first visit, he sustained an accidental unilateral alkali injury to the left eye. He underwent autologous simple limbal epithelial transplantation combined with conjunctival autograft in the left eye. Complete ocular surface epithelialisation was achieved within 24 days post surgery. After 24 months of follow-up, the patient exhibited a stable ocular surface, normal palpebral fissure and full range of eye movements, with a best-corrected visual acuity of 6/12p in the left eye.
Interdisciplinary rehabilitation for the transition out of homelessness with a traumatic brain injury
Authors: Lam Julia , Hurwitz Max , Ngankam Deklerk , Leland Natalie
Published: December 2024

People experiencing homelessness (PEH) face higher rates of traumatic brain injury (TBI), which is associated with greater unmet healthcare and social needs and increased difficulty transitioning out of homelessness. While efforts have emerged to address this TBI disparity via screening, staff training and case management, gaps exist in the delivery of evidence-based TBI rehabilitation to PEH. This case report describes the delivery of interdisciplinary TBI rehabilitation to a male patient experiencing homelessness within a US context. Physical medicine and rehabilitation and occupational therapy focused on managing cognitive and chronic pain symptoms to improve daily life function across community settings (ie, outdoors, shelter, the transition to stable housing). After 4 months, the patient demonstrated improved daily life function with changes in objective measurements and housing status from unsheltered homelessness to housed. This case demonstrates the feasibility of delivering equitable TBI rehabilitation to PEH to mitigate health and housing disparities.
Page kidney in a solid-organ transplant recipient with acute renal failure and arterial hypertension
Authors: Bentham Malissa , Jurawan Nerissa , Belle Lisa , O'Shea Margaret
Published: December 2024

Page kidney (Page phenomenon) is a rare and treatable cause of hypertension which can occur if a haematoma, leading to extrinsic compression, occurs after renal transplant biopsy. The renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system is activated leading to hypertension. This case report is that of a male in his 70s who had a renal transplant biopsy of his transplanted kidney and subsequently developed Page phenomenon as a result of an expanding haematoma. He developed elevated blood pressure (BP) along with a decrease in his renal function. Surgical intervention was used to salvage his transplanted kidney. The index case highlights the importance of being aware of the signs of Page kidney to ensure early recognition and intervention. To our knowledge, this is the first case of a Page kidney in a renal allograft documented in the Caribbean region.
Laparoscopic excision of a spontaneously infected mesenteric duplication cyst
Authors: Cauchi Daphne , Caruana Gayle , Camenzuli Christian
Published: December 2024

Mesenteric cysts are rare intra-abdominal masses which can occur at any point in the gastrointestinal tract from the duodenum to the rectum. These cysts may remain asymptomatic or may present with an abdominal mass, abdominal pain, or fever. Management may be conservative, percutaneous, or surgical excision. Here we present a case of a spontaneously infected mesenteric cyst in a male in his early 70s who was undergoing surveillance of the cystic mass yearly following its incidental finding on CT 4 years prior.
Spontaneous transvaginal evisceration of small intestine in a case of long-standing uterine and rectal prolapse
Authors: Pattanaik Prasoon , Pattanaik Sushila Kumar
Published: December 2024

Spontaneous transvaginal small bowel evisceration, without recent trauma or surgery, is extremely rare. Complications include bowel obstruction, perforation, gangrene, septicaemia and death, requiring urgent surgical intervention. We report a case of a woman in her late 60s, who presented with 70–75 cm of small intestine eviscerated through the vagina, alongside a long history of uterine and rectal prolapse. Due to oedema in the intestine and mesentery, a vaginal reduction attempt failed. An emergency lower midline laparotomy was performed with a gynaecologist present. The eviscerated ileum was reduced, viability confirmed and repairs were made to the posterior vaginal vault defect and the peritoneal rent in the Douglas pouch. A Thiersch procedure was performed for the prolapsed rectum. Definitive surgery for the prolapsed uterus and rectum was deferred due to low condition. She recovered and was discharged on the 10th postoperative day but died from a myocardial infarction 3 months later.
Identifying essential resource parameters for pandemic preparedness and response: an international Delphi study within the EU PANDEM-2 project
Authors: Beishuizen Berend H. H. , Stein Mart L , Buis Joeri S , Tostmann Alma , Green Caroline , Duggan James , Connolly Máire A , Rovers Chantal P , Timen Aura
Published: December 2024

Objective

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the crucial role of healthcare and public health resource management, where scarcity impairs pandemic response resulting in increased disease transmission, delayed patient care and poorer health outcomes. In the EU PANDEM-2 project, we aimed to identify essential resource parameters for pandemic preparedness and response in the context of an emerging viral respiratory illness.

Design

After performing a systematic literature review, we conducted a Delphi study consisting of a structured questionnaire and consensus round with two separate panels of European public health experts (PHEs) and clinicians, respectively. Resources were categorised as material (n=23), human (n=18) or pharmaceutical (n=12). Data were analysed descriptively for both panels.

Results

Participants were 17 PHEs and 16 clinicians from nine countries. Consensus between the two panels was found on 40 resource parameters (17 material, 14 human, 9 pharmaceutical; 33 accepted and 7 rejected). Notably, clinicians selected three home care resources while PHEs did not, and PHEs selected two pharmaceutical resources which clinicians did not. No consensus was observed on 13 resources. Eleven additional resources were suggested and included (five for PHE and six for clinicians) among which were personal protective equipment for mobile teams, resources for primary care and resources related to mechanical ventilation.

Conclusions

The high level of consensus between the two expert panels indicates common goals in pandemic resource planning. The disagreement on 13 resource parameters reflects the different priorities between PHEs and clinicians in pandemic planning. This study has demonstrated the core components of resource modelling required for pandemic preparedness planning and shows the importance of consulting experts with both public health and clinical backgrounds. Including our proposed resources in pandemic models allows for more enhanced planning and training activities for future pandemics.
Assessment of a colposcopic scoring system (Swedescore) to reduce the number of cervical biopsies: a protocol for a clinical multicentre non-randomised intervention study in Denmark
Authors: Knudsen Ane-Kersti Skaarup , Randrup Tina Hovgaard , Kesmodel Ulrik Schiøler , Booth Berit , Gustafson Line , Tropé Ameli , Strander Björn , Nieminen Pekka , Hammer Anne
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Colposcopy is a standard procedure for evaluating cervical abnormalities and collecting cervical biopsies. The procedure is associated with intra- and inter-observer variation. A colposcopic scoring system, Swedescore, has been designed to standardise and facilitate colposcopy training. Swedescore has performed well in a routine clinical setting when used by expert colposcopists to find or exclude high-grade lesions. Danish clinical guidelines for colposcopy differ from other countries, as they recommend collecting four cervical biopsies in all women regardless of risk factors or colposcopy findings. Swedescore has never been examined to assess the reduction of cervical biopsies in a real-world clinical setting. This study aims to investigate whether the implementation of Swedescore can optimise the diagnostic work-up for whom the collection of biopsies can be safely omitted or reduced.

Methods and analysis

The design is a clinical multicentre non-randomised intervention study in Denmark. According to a power calculation, we will need to include 586 women referred for colposcopy. Colposcopy with Swedescore will be compared with conventional colposcopy with no Swedescore. Cervical biopsies will be divided into two separate vials (target and random biopsies). The primary outcome will be normal or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 detected in cervical biopsies. χ2and logistic regression will be used to compare estimates between arms.

Ethics and dissemination

The study protocol has been submitted to the Ethical Committee in Central Denmark region and is not notifiable to the Committee (j.no.: 1-10-72-124-22). Results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at scientific meetings.

Trial registration number

NCT05870787.

Protocol version

Version 3 (date 12. November 2024).
Family participation in dignity interventions for patients with cancer receiving palliative care: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Cai Qian , Wang Hangsai , Zhang Yue , Wang Liuqing , Zhao Le , Xu Xinfen
Published: December 2024

Introduction

The global burden of cancer is escalating, with Asia accounting for over half of cancer-related deaths worldwide. As cancer often diminishes patients’ quality of life and sense of dignity, dignity-related interventions have gained prominence in palliative care for patients with cancer. However, a more in-depth exploration of the involvement of families, as the fundamental social units in Confucian Asian cultures, and cultural considerations is currently lacking. This scoping review focuses specifically on patients with cancer receiving palliative care and aims to offer a comprehensive synthesis of the existing evidence on family participatory dignity interventions, addressing the need for a holistic understanding of this emerging field to guide future research and clinical practice.

Methods and analysis

This scoping review will be meticulously structured according to the five-stage framework established by Arksey and O’Malley, complemented by the scoping review methodology of the Joanna Briggs Institute. Our search will encompass a comprehensive array of databases, including PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Scopus, CNKI and Wanfang Data, from their inception up to August 2024, targeting both English and Chinese relevant literature. To ensure a thorough exploration, we will also delve into grey literature via OpenGrey, Google Scholar and citation chaining. This scoping review will include all types of quantitative or mixed methods designs and qualitative studies. We will extract data on study design, sample size, intervention details, outcome measures and any other relevant information. The screening process will be conducted by two independent reviewers, who will meticulously assess the titles and abstracts, followed by a full-text review to select relevant studies. Discrepancies will be resolved through consensus discussions with a third reviewer. Data extraction will be executed using a standardised tool, and the findings will be systematically presented in tabular form with an accompanying narrative to summarise all relevant interventions, their characteristics, outcomes and key findings.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approval for this scoping review is not required, since the methodology merely involves the collection and review of publicly available literature. Our findings will not only be presented and discussed in a peer-reviewed article but also shared at conferences relevant to the topic.

Trial registration

Our scoping review protocol has been formally registered with the Open Science Framework. Registration details can be accessed at the provided link:https://osf.io/fyhrm/.
Resource-aware research on Universe and Matter: call-to-action in digital transformation
Authors: Bruers Ben , Cruces Marilyn , Demleitner Markus , Duckeck Guenter , Düren Michael , Eich Niclas , Enßlin Torsten , Erdmann Johannes , Erdmann Martin , Fackeldey Peter , Felder Christian , Fischer Benjamin , Fröse Stefan , Funk Stefan , Gasthuber Martin , Grimshaw Andrew , Hadasch Daniela , Hannemann Moritz , Kappes Alexander , Kleinemühl Raphael , Kozlov Oleksiy M. , Kuhr Thomas , Lupberger Michael , Neuhaus Simon , Niknejadi Pardis , Reindl Judith , Schindler Daniel , Schneidewind Astrid , Schreiber Frank , Schumacher Markus , Schwarz Kilian , Streit Achim , von Cube R. Florian , Walker Rodney , Walther Cyrus , Wozniewski Sebastian , Zhou Kai
Published: December 2024

Given the urgency to reduce fossil fuel energy production to make climate tipping points less likely, we call for resource-aware knowledge gain in the research areas on Universe and Matter with emphasis on the digital transformation. A portfolio of measures is described in detail and then summarized according to the timescales required for their implementation. The measures will both contribute to sustainable research and accelerate scientific progress through increased awareness of resource usage.
Extending hh→bb̄bb̄ searches into the HL-LHC era
Authors: Paredes Sáenz Santiago
Published: December 2024

Searches for pairs of Higgs bosons are the best tools to precisely measure the Higgs boson self-coupling [Formula: see text] in future colliders. We study various strategies for the [Formula: see text] search in the HL-LHC era with focus on constraining [Formula: see text]. We implement a machine-learning-based approach to separate signal and background and apply recent advances in machine learning interpretability, compare the traditional 4 b-jet reconstruction to final states with 1 or 2 large-radius jets, and test scenarios with different top-quark Yukawa couplings, among other factors. This talk was presented as part of the Mini-workshop on Machine Learning at the 10th International Conference on New Frontiers in Physics (ICNFP-2021). a
Crustal properties beneath the northeastern United States shaped by past tectonic processes
Authors: Bourke James R. , Long Maureen D. , Link Frederik , Karabinos Paul , Webb Laura , Luo Yantao , Espinal Kimberly , Arce Roberto Masis , Li Yiran
Published: December 2024

Constraints on the thickness, transitional boundaries, and composition of Earth's crust are pivotal in studying its formation and evolution. We use data from 132 seismic installations throughout the northeastern US to explore how tectonic events, such as orogenesis and rifting, have altered the crust of the northeastern US and southeastern Canada, and to distinguish between Laurentia and the Appalachian terranes. We include data from seismic installations from the NEST and SEISConn experiments, spanning the Laurentia–Appalachian boundary, and present estimates of crustal thickness,
V
p
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, and thickness of the transition between crustal and mantle rocks using Ps receiver functions. We find some first-order differences between Laurentia and Appalachian terranes, with Laurentia exhibiting thicker crust (
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39 v.
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33 km) and a broader crust–mantle transition thickness (
c.
3 v. <1.5 km). Average
V
p
/
V
s
values are similar between Laurentia (
c.
1.77) and Appalachian terranes (
c.
1.74); however, we identify anomalous
V
p
/
V
s
in a few regions, including high
V
p
/
V
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around the Adirondack Mountains and low
V
p
/
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in southern New England. The southern New England region is also anomalous in terms of its systematically thinner crust and sharper crust–mantle transition, which may be a consequence of the formation and collapse of the Acadian altiplano during the mid-to-late Paleozoic.
Listen to Your Face: A Face Authentication Scheme Based on Acoustic Signals
Authors: Chen Huimin , Gu Chaojie , Xu Lilin , Tan Rui , He Shibo , Chen Jiming
Published: December 2024

Face authentication (FA) schemes are widely adopted in smart homes nowadays. However, existing FA systems for smart appliances are commonly camera-based and hence experience performance degradation in poor illumination conditions. Mainstream FA systems based on radio frequency require dedicated hardware that is inaccessible to many appliances. In this paper, we propose an acoustic signals-based FA scheme that extracts acoustic signal features associated with facial 3D geometries to achieve FA named
SoundFace
. This scheme can be widely deployed on most appliances in home environments. We propose a novel two-stage locating approach based on acoustic sensing to capture the signal variation of the user’s face and separate the face region echoes from multipath interferences in the distance dimension. To obtain distinguishable facial features, we design a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based feature extractor. In addition, the acoustic signal is highly susceptible to different changes in practical authentication. To overcome it, we utilize a transfer learning technique with little training overhead to enable SoundFace resilient to various authentication changes. Extensive evaluations demonstrate that SoundFace achieves an average true authentication rate of over 96.2% and an equal error rate of 4.2%, and it is robust to various real-world settings.
Equity, Diversity and Inclusion at ACM MMSys 2023
Authors: Karimi Ouldooz Baghban , De Moor Katrien , Hefeeda Mohamed , Shirmohammadi Shervin
Published: December 2024

The 14th ACM Multimedia Systems Conference (MMSys 2023) took place from June 7-10, 2023 in Vancouver, Canada. To continue the significant efforts from the last years, and building on the strong commitment of the MMSys community to create a diverse, inclusive and accessible forum to discuss advancements in the area of multimedia systems and the technology experiences they enable, several EDI measures were adopted. The main goals were to (1) raise awareness around the importance of diversity and inclusion for both the MMSys community and the research fields represented at MMSys and (2) to enable diverse participation and inclusion of underrepresented groups. In this column, we provide a brief overview of the main EDI activities and a number of key numbers, as well as short testimonials from two participants.
JPEG Column: 100th meeting in Covilha, Portugal
Authors: Pinheiro Antonio
Published: December 2024

The 100th JPEG meeting was held in Covilhã, Portugal, from July 17th to 21st, 2023. At this meeting, in addition to its usual standardization activities, the JPEG Committee organized a celebration on the occasion of its 100th meeting. This face-to-face meeting, the second after the pandemic, had a record amount of face-to-face participation, with more than 70 experts attending the meeting in person.

Several activities reached important milestones. JPEG AI became a committee draft after intensive meeting sessions with detailed analysis of the core experiment results and multiple evaluations of the considered technologies. JPEG NFT issued a call for proposals, and the first JPEG XE use cases and requirements document was also issued publicly. Furthermore, JPEG Trust has made major steps towards its standardization.
Detection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Saliva Using a Nickel-Based Electrocatalyst
Authors: Saha Dipu , Ramanujam Ashwin , Botte Gerardine G.
Published: December 2024

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is an ongoing and chronic condition caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Early detection is one way to minimize the spread of AIDS. Current methods cannot reliably detect HIV in saliva samples due to the low concentration of viral particles in oral fluid. A simple, label-free, rapid response and unprecedented nickel-based electrochemical biosensor was developed to detect HIV in saliva using a NiOOH electrocatalyst. The current response difference at an applied potential vs a reference electrode in the presence of HIV was the trait of this sensor. It is hypothesized that the HIV p24 protein blocks the active surface area of the sensor, causing the current response to drop, which increases as the concentration of HIV increases in saliva. Comparative analyses using proteins with varying chemical moieties demonstrated that the sensor’s response was triggered by the functional group’s presence in the HIV p24 protein. The sensor’s limit of detection in saliva is ∼48.40 × 10–5 TCID50 ml−1 HIV culture fluid. The sensor was utilized to successfully distinguish the current response of HIV in saliva from twelve different pathogens. Finally, the sensor replicated similar attributes with HIV-positive patient’s saliva during a clinical study, which makes it a state-of-the-art non-invasive rapid response HIV sensor.
Do a Clinical Practice Guideline Facilitate Shared Decision‐Making? Development of a French Assessment Tool Using the Delphi Consensus Method
Authors: Vincent Yves-Marie , Daron Alienor , Harper Luke , Joseph Jean-Philippe , Giguere Anik , Blot François , Moumjid Nora
Published: December 2024

Background: Evidence‐based medicine (EBM) is a prime component of medical practice. EBM often translate into clinical practice guidelines (CPG) widely used by healthcare providers. However, CPGs are often focused on a specific pathology, and they rarely make a room for shared decision‐making (SDM) another key dimension, centered on the information exchange between the physician and the patient, the deliberation/discussion, and the decision made based on a common agreement. An assessment tool is therefore needed to determine whether the structure of CPGs allows or not the integration of SDM.

Objectives: To develop an assessment tool in French that could quantify the degree to which CPG facilitate SDM by translating and adapting the elements developed in international consensus studies.

Method: A Delphi consensus method including seven experts selected from the leading scientific community on the topic. Consensus was considered to have been reached when the approval rate reached 70%.

Results: A consensus for the adaptation, relevance, and adjustment of 19 strategies was reached after three rounds. Based on these strategies, 17 criteria were developed. They include general strategies such as adding a specific chapter on SDM, using wording that makes patient involvement explicit, presenting outcomes, benefits and harms of all options including “doing nothing,” and recommendation‐specific strategies such as giving to the patient a copy of his/her personalized treatment plan, recommending which patient decision aid could be used and when, or encouraging the patient to exchange with close relatives and friends for the discussion.

Conclusion: We developed a 17‐item tool to assess whether or not a CPG facilitates sustainable development. This tool will have to be tested to ensure that it is easy to use, relevant and reproducible, and thus meets the expected quality criteria. Such a tool would enable researchers and patients alike to assess CPGs using a common benchmark, would support national and international benchmarking processes, and provide a starting point for future improvement. Translations into other languages could broaden the scope of use.
Supplementary Source Data1 from Targeting Fatty Acid Metabolism Abrogates the Differentiation Blockade in Preleukemic Cells
Authors: Liu Xiaoyu , Liu Yu , Rao Qing , Mei Yihan , Xing Haiyan , Gu Runxia , Mou Junli , Chen Manling , Ding Fan , Xie Wanqing , Tang Kejing , Tian Zheng , Wang Min , Qiu Shaowei , Wang Jianxiang
Published: December 2024

all metabolite intensities(mouse model)
Table S9 from Combined Autophagy Inhibition and Dendritic Cell Recruitment Induces Antitumor Immunity and Enhances Immune Checkpoint Blockade Sensitivity in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Oyama Koki , Nakata Kohei , Tsutsumi Chikanori , Hayashi Masataka , Zhang Bo , Mochida Yuki , Shinkawa Tomohiko , Hirotaka Kento , Zhong Pingshan , Date Satomi , Luo Haizhen , Kubo Akihiro , Higashijima Nobuhiro , Yamada Yutaka , Abe Toshiya , Ideno Noboru , Koikawa Kazuhiro , Iwamoto Chika , Ikenaga Naoki , Ohuchida Kenoki , Onishi Hideya , Morisaki Takashi , Kuba Keiji , Oda Yoshinao , Nakamura Masafumi
Published: December 2024

Gene lists and sources for each CD8+ T-cell-associated gene set used in the scRNA-seq analysis of CD45+ immune cells in the KPC1 shNC/shATG7 syngeneic PDAC tumors
Table S2 from Combined Autophagy Inhibition and Dendritic Cell Recruitment Induces Antitumor Immunity and Enhances Immune Checkpoint Blockade Sensitivity in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Oyama Koki , Nakata Kohei , Tsutsumi Chikanori , Hayashi Masataka , Zhang Bo , Mochida Yuki , Shinkawa Tomohiko , Hirotaka Kento , Zhong Pingshan , Date Satomi , Luo Haizhen , Kubo Akihiro , Higashijima Nobuhiro , Yamada Yutaka , Abe Toshiya , Ideno Noboru , Koikawa Kazuhiro , Iwamoto Chika , Ikenaga Naoki , Ohuchida Kenoki , Onishi Hideya , Morisaki Takashi , Kuba Keiji , Oda Yoshinao , Nakamura Masafumi
Published: December 2024

Lists of autophagy-related genes used to calculate the autophagy signature scores of ductal cells
Figure S5 from Combined Autophagy Inhibition and Dendritic Cell Recruitment Induces Antitumor Immunity and Enhances Immune Checkpoint Blockade Sensitivity in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Oyama Koki , Nakata Kohei , Tsutsumi Chikanori , Hayashi Masataka , Zhang Bo , Mochida Yuki , Shinkawa Tomohiko , Hirotaka Kento , Zhong Pingshan , Date Satomi , Luo Haizhen , Kubo Akihiro , Higashijima Nobuhiro , Yamada Yutaka , Abe Toshiya , Ideno Noboru , Koikawa Kazuhiro , Iwamoto Chika , Ikenaga Naoki , Ohuchida Kenoki , Onishi Hideya , Morisaki Takashi , Kuba Keiji , Oda Yoshinao , Nakamura Masafumi
Published: December 2024

In vitro coculture assays reveal that autophagy-deficient cancer cells directly induce DC activation
Figure S3 from Combined Autophagy Inhibition and Dendritic Cell Recruitment Induces Antitumor Immunity and Enhances Immune Checkpoint Blockade Sensitivity in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Oyama Koki , Nakata Kohei , Tsutsumi Chikanori , Hayashi Masataka , Zhang Bo , Mochida Yuki , Shinkawa Tomohiko , Hirotaka Kento , Zhong Pingshan , Date Satomi , Luo Haizhen , Kubo Akihiro , Higashijima Nobuhiro , Yamada Yutaka , Abe Toshiya , Ideno Noboru , Koikawa Kazuhiro , Iwamoto Chika , Ikenaga Naoki , Ohuchida Kenoki , Onishi Hideya , Morisaki Takashi , Kuba Keiji , Oda Yoshinao , Nakamura Masafumi
Published: December 2024

scRNA-seq analysis of orthotopic syngeneic KPC1 shNC and shATG7 tumors
Supplementary Table S2 from Induction of the TEAD Coactivator VGLL1 by Estrogen Receptor–Targeted Therapy Drives Resistance in Breast Cancer
Authors: Gemma Carolina , Lai Chun-Fui , Singh Anup K. , Belfiore Antonino , Portman Neil , Milioli Heloisa Z. , Periyasamy Manikandan , Raafat Sara , Nicholls Alyssa J. , Davies Claire M. , Patel Naina R. , Simmons Georgia M. , Fan Hailing , Nguyen Van T.M. , Magnani Luca , Rakha Emad , Martin Lesley-Ann , Lim Elgene , Coombes R. Charles , Pruneri Giancarlo , Buluwela Laki , Ali Simak
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Table S2
Supplementary Table 5 from Induction of the TEAD Coactivator VGLL1 by Estrogen Receptor–Targeted Therapy Drives Resistance in Breast Cancer
Authors: Gemma Carolina , Lai Chun-Fui , Singh Anup K. , Belfiore Antonino , Portman Neil , Milioli Heloisa Z. , Periyasamy Manikandan , Raafat Sara , Nicholls Alyssa J. , Davies Claire M. , Patel Naina R. , Simmons Georgia M. , Fan Hailing , Nguyen Van T.M. , Magnani Luca , Rakha Emad , Martin Lesley-Ann , Lim Elgene , Coombes R. Charles , Pruneri Giancarlo , Buluwela Laki , Ali Simak
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Table 5
Supplementary Figures from Induction of the TEAD Coactivator VGLL1 by Estrogen Receptor–Targeted Therapy Drives Resistance in Breast Cancer
Authors: Gemma Carolina , Lai Chun-Fui , Singh Anup K. , Belfiore Antonino , Portman Neil , Milioli Heloisa Z. , Periyasamy Manikandan , Raafat Sara , Nicholls Alyssa J. , Davies Claire M. , Patel Naina R. , Simmons Georgia M. , Fan Hailing , Nguyen Van T.M. , Magnani Luca , Rakha Emad , Martin Lesley-Ann , Lim Elgene , Coombes R. Charles , Pruneri Giancarlo , Buluwela Laki , Ali Simak
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Figures
Resource Table from C-Reactive Protein Induces Immunosuppression by Activating FcγR2B in Pulmonary Macrophages to Promote Lung Metastasis
Authors: Feng Jun-Rui , Li Xue , Han Cong , Chang Yue , Fu Yu , Feng Gong-Chang , Lei Yutiantian , Li Hai-Yun , Tang Patrick Ming-Kuen , Ji Shang-Rong , Hou Yuzhu , Wu Yi
Published: December 2024

Key resource table
Data from Selective Enhancer Gain-of-Function Deregulates MYC Expression in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Rahmat Mahshid , Clement Kendell , Alberge Jean-Baptiste , Sklavenitis-Pistofidis Romanos , Kodgule Rohan , Fulco Charles P. , Heilpern-Mallory Daniel , Nilsson Katarina , Dorfman David , Engreitz Jesse M. , Getz Gad , Pinello Luca , Ryan Russell J.H. , Ghobrial Irene M.
Published: December 2024

Abstract
MYC deregulation occurs in the majority of multiple myeloma cases and is associated with progression and worse prognosis. Enhanced MYC expression occurs in about 70% of patients with multiple myeloma, but it is known to be driven by translocation or amplification events in only ∼40% of myelomas. Here, we used CRISPR interference to uncover an epigenetic mechanism of MYC regulation whereby increased accessibility of a plasma cell-type–specific enhancer leads to increased MYC expression. This native enhancer activity was not associated with enhancer hijacking events but led to specific binding of cMAF, IRF4, and SPIB transcription factors that activated MYC expression in the absence of known genetic aberrations. In addition, focal amplification was another mechanism of activation of this enhancer in approximately 3.4% of patients with multiple myeloma. Together, these findings define an epigenetic mechanism of MYC deregulation in multiple myeloma beyond known translocations or amplifications and point to the importance of noncoding regulatory elements and their associated transcription factor networks as drivers of multiple myeloma progression.

Significance: The discovery of a native developmental enhancer that sustains the expression of MYC in a subset of myelomas could help identify predictive biomarkers and therapeutic targets to improve the outcomes of patients with multiple myeloma.
Data from CircRREB1 Mediates Metabolic Reprogramming and Stemness Maintenance to Facilitate Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Progression
Authors: Rong Zeyin , Xu Jin , Yang Jianhui , Wang Wei , Tang Rong , Zhang Zifeng , Tan Zhen , Meng Qingcai , Hua Jie , Liu Jiang , Zhang Bo , Liang Chen , Yu Xianjun , Shi Si
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal tumor with limited treatment options and poor patient survival. Circular RNAs (circRNA) play crucial regulatory roles in the occurrence and development of various cancers, including PDAC. In this study, using circRNA sequencing of diverse PDAC samples, we identified circRREB1 as an oncogenic circRNA that is significantly upregulated in PDAC and is correlated with an unfavorable patient prognosis. Functionally, loss of circRREB1 markedly inhibited glycolysis and stemness, whereas elevated circRREB1 elicited the opposite effects. Mechanistically, circRREB1 interacted with PGK1, disrupting the association between PTEN and PGK1 and increasing PGK1 phosphorylation to activate glycolytic flux. Moreover, circRREB1 promoted WNT7B transcription by directly interacting with YBX1 and facilitating its nuclear translocation, consequently activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to maintain PDAC stemness. Overall, these results highlight circRREB1 as a key regulator of metabolic and stemness properties of PDAC.

Significance: CircRREB1 stimulates PGK1 to induce glycolysis and activates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to maintain stemness in pancreatic cancer, indicating the potential of circRREB1 as a biomarker and therapeutic target.
Data from Induction of the TEAD Coactivator VGLL1 by Estrogen Receptor–Targeted Therapy Drives Resistance in Breast Cancer
Authors: Gemma Carolina , Lai Chun-Fui , Singh Anup K. , Belfiore Antonino , Portman Neil , Milioli Heloisa Z. , Periyasamy Manikandan , Raafat Sara , Nicholls Alyssa J. , Davies Claire M. , Patel Naina R. , Simmons Georgia M. , Fan Hailing , Nguyen Van T.M. , Magnani Luca , Rakha Emad , Martin Lesley-Ann , Lim Elgene , Coombes R. Charles , Pruneri Giancarlo , Buluwela Laki , Ali Simak
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Resistance to endocrine therapies (ET) is common in estrogen receptor (ER)–positive breast cancer, and most relapsed patients die with ET-resistant disease. Although genetic mutations provide explanations for some relapses, mechanisms of resistance remain undefined in many cases. Drug-induced epigenetic reprogramming has been shown to provide possible routes to resistance. By analyzing histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation profiles and transcriptional reprogramming in models of ET resistance, we discovered that selective ER degraders, such as fulvestrant, promote expression of vestigial-like 1 (VGLL1), a coactivator for TEF-1 and AbaA domain (TEAD) transcription factors. VGLL1, acting via TEADs, promoted the expression of genes that drive the growth of fulvestrant-resistant breast cancer cells. Pharmacological disruption of VGLL1–TEAD4 interaction inhibited VGLL1/TEAD-induced transcriptional programs to prevent the growth of resistant cells. EGFR was among the VGLL1/TEAD-regulated genes, and VGLL1-directed EGFR upregulation sensitized fulvestrant-resistant breast cancer cells to EGFR inhibitors. Taken together, these findings identify VGLL1 as a transcriptional driver in ET resistance and advance therapeutic possibilities for relapsed ER+ breast cancer patients.

Significance: Transcriptional reprogramming mediated by the upregulation of the TEAD coactivator VGLL1 confers resistance to estrogen receptor degraders in breast cancer but provides alternative therapeutic options for this clinically important patient group.
Data from The Innate Immune System and the TRAIL–Bcl-XL Axis Mediate a Sex Bias in Lung Cancer and Confer a Therapeutic Vulnerability in Females
Authors: May Lauren , Hu Bin , Jerajani Preksha , Jagdeesh Akash , Alhawiti Ohud , Cai Lillian , Semenova Nina , Guo Chunqing , Isbell Madison , Deng Xiaoyan , Faber Anthony C. , Pillappa Raghavendra , Bandyopadhyay Dipankar , Wang Xiang-Yang , Neuwelt Alexander , Koblinski Jennifer , Bos Paula D. , Li Howard , Martin Rebecca , Landry Joseph W.
Published: December 2024

Abstract
There is a significant sex bias in lung cancer, with males showing increased mortality compared with females. A better mechanistic understanding of these differences could help identify therapeutic targets to personalize cancer therapies to each sex. After observing a clear sex bias in humanized mice, with male patient-derived xenograft lung tumors being more progressive and deadlier than female patient-derived xenograft lung tumors, we identified mouse tumor models of lung cancer with the same sex bias. This sex bias was not observed in models of breast, colon, melanoma, and renal cancers. In vivo, the sex bias in growth and lethality required intact ovaries, functional innate NK cells and monocytes/macrophages, and the activating receptor NKG2D. Ex vivo cell culture models were sensitized to the anticancer effects of NKG2D-mediated NK cell and macrophage killing through the TRAIL–Bcl-XL axis when cultured with serum from female mice with intact ovaries. In both flank and orthotopic models, the Bcl-XL inhibitor navitoclax (ABT-263) improved tumor growth control in female mice and required NK cells, macrophages, and the TRAIL signaling pathway. This research suggests that navitoclax and TRAIL pathway agonists could be used as a personalized therapy to improve outcomes in women with lung cancer.

Significance: Lung cancers in females are more susceptible to killing through a TRAIL–Bcl-XL axis, indicating that targeting this axis therapeutically could represent a personalized approach to treat female patients with lung cancer.
Data from Simultaneous Targeting of NQO1 and SOD1 Eradicates Breast Cancer Stem Cells via Mitochondrial Futile Redox Cycling
Authors: Luo Ming , Shen Na , Shang Li , Fang Zeng , Xin Ying , Ma Yuxi , Du Min , Yuan Yuan , Hu Chenchen , Tang Yun , Huang Jing , Wei Wei , Lee Myung Ryul , Hergenrother Paul J. , Wicha Max S.
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) contains the highest proportion of cancer stem-like cells (CSC), which display intrinsic resistance to currently available cancer therapies. This therapeutic resistance is partially mediated by an antioxidant defense coordinated by the transcription factor NRF2 and its downstream targets that include NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). In this study, we identified the antioxidant enzymes NQO1 and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) as therapeutic vulnerabilities of ALDH+ epithelial-like CSCs and CD24−/loCD44+/hi mesenchymal-like CSCs in TNBC. Effective targeting of these CSC states was achieved by using isobutyl-deoxynyboquinone (IB-DNQ), a potent and specific NQO1-bioactivatable futile redox cycling molecule, which generated large amounts of reactive oxygen species including superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. Furthermore, the CSC killing effect was specifically enhanced by genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of SOD1, a copper-containing superoxide dismutase highly expressed in TNBC. Mechanistically, a significant portion of NQO1 resides in the mitochondrial intermembrane space, catalyzing futile redox cycling from IB-DNQ to generate high levels of mitochondrial superoxide, and SOD1 inhibition markedly potentiated this effect, resulting in mitochondrial oxidative injury, cytochrome c release, and activation of the caspase-3–mediated apoptotic pathway. Treatment with IB-DNQ alone or together with SOD1 inhibition effectively suppressed tumor growth, metastasis, and tumor-initiating potential in xenograft models of TNBC expressing different levels of NQO1. This futile oxidant-generating strategy, which targets CSCs across the epithelial–mesenchymal continuum, could be a promising therapeutic approach for treating patients with TNBC.

Significance: Combining NQO1-bioactivatable futile oxidant generators with SOD1 inhibition eliminates breast cancer stem cells, providing a therapeutic strategy that may have wide applicability, as NQO1 and SOD1 are overexpressed in several cancers.
Data from C-Reactive Protein Induces Immunosuppression by Activating FcγR2B in Pulmonary Macrophages to Promote Lung Metastasis
Authors: Feng Jun-Rui , Li Xue , Han Cong , Chang Yue , Fu Yu , Feng Gong-Chang , Lei Yutiantian , Li Hai-Yun , Tang Patrick Ming-Kuen , Ji Shang-Rong , Hou Yuzhu , Wu Yi
Published: December 2024

Abstract
C-reactive protein (CRP) is a liver-derived acute phase reactant that is a clinical marker of inflammation associated with poor cancer prognosis. Elevated CRP levels are observed in many types of cancer and are associated with significantly increased risk of metastasis, suggesting that CRP could have prometastatic actions. In this study, we reported that CRP promotes lung metastasis by dampening the anticancer capacity of pulmonary macrophages in breast cancer and melanoma. Deletion of CRP in mice inhibited lung metastasis of breast cancer and melanoma cells without significantly impacting tumor growth compared with wild-type mice. In addition, the lungs of CRP-deficient mice were enriched for activated pulmonary macrophages, which could be reduced to the level of wild-type mice by systemic administration of human CRP. Mechanistically, CRP blocked the activation of pulmonary macrophages induced by commensal bacteria in a FcγR2B-dependent manner, thereby impairing macrophage-mediated immune surveillance to promote the formation of a premetastatic niche in the lungs of tumor-bearing mice. Accordingly, treatment with specific CRP inhibitors activated pulmonary macrophages and attenuated lung metastasis in vivo. These findings highlight the importance of CRP in lung metastasis, which may represent an effective therapeutic target for patients with advanced solid cancers in clinics.

Significance: CRP maintains host–commensal tolerance by inhibiting pulmonary macrophage activation and can be targeted to remodel the premetastatic niche in the lung to lower the risk of cancer metastasis.

See related commentary by Saal et al., p. 4121
Data from Inhibition of JNK Signaling Overcomes Cancer-Associated Fibroblast-Mediated Immunosuppression and Enhances the Efficacy of Immunotherapy in Bladder Cancer
Authors: Cui Chengying , Zhang Haojie , Yang Congcong , Yin Mingwei , Teng Xinkun , Yang Miaomiao , Kong Dejie , Zhang Jinzhi , Peng Weidong , Chu Zhimin , Wang Jingjing , Sun Yating , Kang Liping , Lyu Bin , Gao Qian , Wu Mingqing , Wang Yongqiang , Li Yang
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Currently, only 20% to 40% of patients with cancer benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and characterizing dynamic changes in the immunologic landscape during treatment are critical for improving responsiveness to immunotherapy. In this study, we identified JNK signaling in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) as a regulator of the immunosuppressive TME. Single-cell RNA sequencing of bladder cancer samples treated with a JNK inhibitor revealed enhanced cytotoxicity and effector functions of CD8+ T cells. In untreated tumors, CAFs interacted frequently with CD8+ T cells and mediated their exhaustion. JNK inhibition abrogated the immunosuppression function of CAFs by downregulating the expression of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), thereby restoring CD8+ T-cell cytotoxicity. In addition, blockade of CAF-derived TSLP in combination with anti–PD-1 treatment promoted tumor elimination by CD8+ T cells in vivo. Collectively, these results indicate that JNK signaling plays an important immunosuppressive role in the TME by promoting expression of TSLP in CAFs and suggest that inhibiting JNK signaling could be a promising immunotherapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.

Significance: JNK signaling promotes the secretion of TSLP by bladder cancer–associated fibroblasts to impede CD8+ T-cell activity, which can be circumvented by combination treatment targeting JNK signaling and PD-1.
C-Reactive Protein Facilitates Premetastatic Niche Formation in the Lungs
Authors: Saal Jonas , Klümper Niklas , Hölzel Michael
Published: December 2024

C-reactive protein (CRP) has long been recognized as a marker of inflammation, but its evolving role in immunomodulation and cancer has increasingly been recognized. In recent years, multiple studies have explored CRP as a biomarker for prognosis and therapy response, particularly in the context of cancer immunotherapy. In this issue of Cancer Research, Feng and colleagues investigate the role of CRP in the development of lung metastasis. They provide evidence for a direct role of CRP acting together with commensal bacteria to instruct an immune-tolerant state of pulmonary macrophages through Fc gamma receptor IIb signaling. By suppressing immune surveillance in the lungs, CRP facilitates the formation of a premetastatic niche, allowing circulating tumor cells to establish metastases.

See related article by Feng et al., p. 4184
Supplementary Table S9 from Large-Scale Comparative Analysis of Canine and Human Osteosarcomas Uncovers Conserved Clinically Relevant Tumor Microenvironment Subtypes
Authors: Patkar Sushant , Mannheimer Joshua , Harmon Stephanie A. , Ramirez Christina J. , Mazcko Christina N. , Choyke Peter L. , Brown Gregory Thomas , Turkbey Baris , LeBlanc Amy K. , Beck Jessica A.
Published: December 2024

Gene set enrichment analysis results of cancer Hallmark pathways enriched in the ID (Immune Desert) TME subtype