bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the Corresponding Relationship Between the Characteristics of Resource Utilization and the Level of Urbanization：A Case Study in Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle, China.
Authors: Zhou Ying , Li Zhuolu , Chen Yuan , Wei Wei
Published: September 2021

The Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle is an important center for promoting economic growth in the western region. Clarifying the driving force and restrictive factors of the urbanization development in Chengdu-Chongqing area is conducive to the further development of the region. First, this study uses piecewise linear regression to determine the characteristics of resource consumption. Then use Moran index to test the spatial agglomeration relationship. Finally, combining the characteristics of resource utilization and spatial agglomeration effects in Chengdu-Chongqing area, 143 cities are classified. The results show that: (1) The Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle as a whole presents the characteristics of high resource utilization pressure and abundant resource content. (2) In areas with obvious agglomeration effects, most cities have less pressure on natural resources, lower resource levels, less investment in environmental protection, and higher levels of urbanization. (3) The pressure on the use of natural resources and the expropriation of environmental protection measures are matched with each other in areas with significant concentration. (4) With the development of cities, the characteristics of resource utilization in various regions will tend to be unified. Researching and exploring the characteristics of resource utilization in the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle will help the government to formulate relevant policies to ensure the coordinated development of regional ecology and the city.
Effect of N (N=Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ce) Loaded on Blast Furnace Slag in Low-temperature NH3-SCR
Authors: Lei Zhang , Shu Hao , Yusu Wang , Yang Jia , Zhang Lei
Published: September 2021

Using low-value solid waste blast furnace slag as a catalyst carrier, the active component N (N = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Ce) was loaded by impregnation method to study its effect on the denitration and sulfur resistance of the Mn-based blast furnace slag catalyst. BET, XRD, XPS, SEM and FT-IR characterization methods were used to analyze the denitration mechanism. The results show that: (1) Mn-Ce/GGBS catalyst has better denitration and sulfur resistance; (2) Mn-Ce/GGBS catalyst has a significant denitration effect when load ratio is 2:1; (3) The catalyst can reduce the poisoning and deactivation of S and prolong the catalyst service life; (4) MnO, MnO2, Mn2O3, CeO2 and Ce2O3 play an important role; (5) The larger the ratio of Mn4+/Mn3+, Ce4+/Ce3+, Oα/Oβ, the stronger the catalyst activity and the better denitration effect, and the introduction of SO2 will increase the acid sites on the catalyst surface and increase the catalyst activity.
A New Model for the Prediction of Preeclampsia in Twin Pregnancy：a Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Han Qing , Zheng Shuisen , Chen Rongxin , Zhang Huale , Yan Jianying
Published: September 2021

Objective: To develop an effective nomogram model with which to predict the risk of preeclampsia in twin pregnancies. Material and Methods: The study was a retrospective cohort study of women pregnant with twins who attended antenatal care and labored between January 2015 and December 2020 at the Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, China. We extracted Maternal demographic data and clinical characteristics. Then we performed the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression combined with clinical significance to screen variables. Thereafter, multivariate logistic regression was used to construct a nomogram that predicted the risk of preeclampsia in twin pregnancies. Finally, the nomogram was validated using C-statistics (C-index) and calibration curves.Results: A total of 2 469 women with twin pregnancies were included, of whom 325 (13.16%) women had preeclampsia. Multivariate logistic regression models revealed that serum creatinine, uric acid, mean platelet volume, high density lipoprotein, lactate dehydrogenase, fibrinogen, primiparity, pre-pregnancy body mass index, and regular prenatal were independently associated with preeclampsia in twin pregnancies. The constructed predictive model exhibited a good discrimination and predictive ability for preeclampsia in twin pregnancies (concordance index 0.821).Conclusion: The model for the prediction of preeclampsia in twin pregnancies has high accuracy and specificity. It can be used to assess the risk of preeclampsia in twin pregnancies.
Multi Criteria Decision Analysis Technique for Solar Power Sites Selection in Duhok Governorate – Iraq
Authors: Ibrahim Gaylan Rasul Faqe
Published: September 2021

Fossil fuels are non-renewable sources of energy, used particularly in developing countries. There are insufficient fossil fuels and their availability is gradually declining. This leads to a steady increase in prices. Renewable energy is clean, cost-effective and limitless. The considerable population growth and industrial growth have made the construction of solar power plants essential in developing countries. The study used Boolean logical-AHP techniques to select a suitable site for solar power in Duhok Governorate. The result indicated that 68.5% of the area in the governorate of Duhok is available for solar power station construction, especially the most appropriate zone which has 132.2 sq. km and can provide more than 8000 megawatts of solar energy. Most of the appropriate areas are in the south and southwest regions of the governorate, located mostly in the districts of Bardarash, Shekhan and Semel, situated between the major cities of Mosul, Erbil and Duhok. These locations can supply a significant amount of clean, renewable energy for these areas.
Digital Interventions for Subjective and Objective Social Isolation Among Individuals with Mental Health Conditions: A Scoping Review
Authors: Toh Gigi , Pearce Ellie , Vines John , Ikhtabi Sarah , Birken Mary , Pitman Alexandra , Johnson Sonia
Published: September 2021

BackgroundSocial isolation encompasses subjective and objective concepts. Both are associated with negative health consequences and are more prevalent among people with mental health problems than among the general population. To alleviate social isolation, digital interventions have potential as accessible alternatives or supplements to face-to-face interventions. This scoping review aimed to describe the types of digital interventions evaluated in research to alleviate social isolation among individuals with mental health problems, and to present an overview of the evidence yielded. MethodsWe systematically searched five electronic databases for quantitative and mixed methods studies published between January 2000 and July 2020. Studies were included if they evaluated digital interventions for individuals with mental health conditions and had subjective and/or objective social isolation as their primary outcome, or as one of their outcomes if no primary outcome was specified. Feasibility studies were included if feasibility outcomes were the primary outcomes and social isolation was among their secondary outcomes. A narrative synthesis was conducted to present our findings. The protocol was registered on Open Science Framework (OSF) (doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/CNX8A).ResultsThirty-two studies were identified as meeting criteria for our review: there were 16 feasibility studies, seven single-group studies and nine effectiveness trials. There was great variation in the interventions, study designs and sample populations. Interventions included web-based programmes, phone-based programmes, blended interventions, socially assistive robots and virtual reality interventions. Many were feasibility studies, or otherwise not fully powered to detect an effect if one were present, thus preventing clear conclusions about clinical effectiveness. Satisfactory feasibility outcomes indicated potential for future trials to assess these interventions.ConclusionOur scoping review identified a range of digital approaches utilized to alleviate social isolation among individuals with mental health disorders. Conclusions regarding clinical effectiveness cannot be reached due to variability of approaches and the lack of large-scale randomized controlled trials. To make clear recommendations for digital social isolation interventions, future research needs to use rigorous methods to conduct studies with larger samples. Future studies should also focus on utilizing theory-driven approaches and improving existing approaches to advance the field.
αvβ3-Targeted sEvs for Efficient Intracellular Delivery of Proteins Using MFG-E8
Authors: Mai Junxin , Wang Kai , Liu Chenxuexuan , Xiong Sheng , Xie Qiuling
Published: September 2021

Background: Small extracellular vesicles (sEvs) are nanometer-sized membranous particles shed by many types of cells and can transfer a multitude of cargos between cells. Recent studies of sEvs have been focusing on their potential to be novel drug carriers due to natural composition and other promising characteristics. However, there are challenges in sEvs-based drug delivery, one of which is the inefficient loading of drugs into sEvs, especially for large biomolecules. Results: In this study, we proposed a membrane-associated protein milk fat globule–epidermal growth factor 8 protein (MFG-E8) to produce αvβ3-targeted sEvs with high delivery efficiency of interested protein. MFG-E8 is a secreted protein with NH2-terminal epidermal growth factor (EGF)–like domains, containing an Arg-Gly-Asp sequence that binds αvβ3 and αvβ5 integrins, and COOH terminal domains C1 and C2, which can bind to lipid membrane with strong affinity. Firstly, we transiently expressed MFG-E8 in HEK293F cells and found that this protein could be secreted and adhere to the cell membrane. The recombinant MFG-E8 is also secreted into sEvs and located at the outer membrane of sEvs. Then we generated engineered sEvs by expressing high levels of the EGFP fused to MFG-E8 in HEK293F cells and showed that MFG-E8 could increase the delivery efficiency of EGFP into sEvs. Further delivery of Gaussia luciferase（GL） by fusion expression with MFG-E8 in donor cells demonstrated that target proteins fused with MFG-E8 still kept their activity. Finally, we identified the sEvs’ target to αvβ3 by comparing the transfection efficiency with MFG-E8 loaded sEvs(Exo-MFG-E8) in αvβ positive cells and αvβ3 negative cells. Analysis showed higher target protein could transfect into αvβ positive cells with Exo-MFG-E8 than with sEvs only with EGFP(Exo-EGFP), meaning the engineered sEvs with MFG-E8 not only could target the αvβ positive cells, but also could increase the delivery of target protein into sEvs.Conclusion: this study suggests that recombinant MFG-E8 is an ideal protein to increasingly deliver the drug into sEvs and give sEvs the ability to target the αvβ positive cells.
Gender Differences in Outpatients with Dementia from a Large Psychiatric Hospital in China
Authors: Zhou Jiaojiao , Guo Chengwei , Ren Li , Zhu Dandi , Zhen Wenfeng , Zhang Saina , Zhang Qing’e
Published: September 2021

Background: The sociodemographic characteristics and clinical features of dementia patients in psychiatric hospitals have not been well discussed in China. This study was to explore gender differences in outpatients with dementia from a psychiatric hospital in China.Methods: This retrospective study examined outpatients with dementia from January 2013 to August 2019 using data in the OMOP common data model (OMOP-CDM) in Beijing Anding Hospital. Age, sex, number of visits, use of drugs and comorbid conditions were recorded by medical records.Results: 9,004 patients were recruited, and the mean number of visits weas 6.92. There were 3,433 (38.13%) male patients and 5,571 (61.87%) female patients. The most common comorbidities were generalized anxiety disorder, nonorganic insomnia, delusional disorder and depressive disorder. The proportion of use of drugs was highest in antidementia (68.30%), followed by benzodiazepines (48.83%), antipsychotics (45.43%), antidepressants (22.24%) and nonbenzodiazepines (19.96%). Patients with dementia showed a significant gender difference in average age (t=6.36, P＜0.0001). Compared to male patients, female patients had a higher number of visits (7.40±12.90 vs 6.15±10.50, t=4.81, P＜0.0001). There were significant differences in comorbidity composition between male and female patients (t=23.09, P＜0.0001).Conclusions: Our present findings suggested significant gender differences in the proportion of age, number of visits and comorbidity composition in outpatients with dementia.
Quercetin: Silent Retarder of Fatty Acid Oxidation in Breast Cancer Metastasis Through Steering of Mitochondrial CPT1
Authors: Ruidas Bhuban , Sur Tapas Kumar , Mukhopadhyay Chitrangada Das , Sinha Koel , Chaudhury Sutapa Som , Sharma Pramita , Bhowmick Sovonlal , Saha Achintya , Majumder Rabindranath
Published: September 2021

Recent evidence concreted that maximum energy in metastatic breast cancer progression is supplied by fatty acid oxidation (FAO) governed by a rate-limiting enzyme, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1). Therefore, active limitation of FAO could be an emerging aspect to inhibit breast cancer progression. Herein, for the first time we have introduced Quercetin (QT) from a non-dietary source (Mikania micrantha Kunth) to seize the FAO in triple-negative breast cancer cells (TNBC) through an active targeting of CPT1. Apart from successive molecular quantification, QT has resulted a significant reduction in the intracellular mitochondrial respiration and glycolytic function limiting extensive ATP production. In turn, QT has elevated the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and depleted antioxidant level to induce anti-metastatic and cell apoptosis activities. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) investigated the FAO associated gene expression resulting significant depletion in FAO which were further confirmed through the successful in-silico molecular docking prediction for active binding potentiality of QT to CPT1. Subsequently, QT has shown an excellent in-vivo antitumor activities through the altered lipid profile and oxidative stress healing capabilities in female breast cancer BALB/c mice model. Therefore, all the obtained data significantly grounded the fact that QT could be a promising metabolism-targeted breast cancer therapeutics.
The Relationship Between Short-Term Exposure To Air Pollution With Hospitalization and Mortality of Cardiovascular (CVD) and Respiratory Diseases in Shahrekord, Iran
Authors: Neisi Abdolkazem , Dastoorpoor Maryam , Godarzi Gholamreza , Fadaei Abdolmajid , Angali Kambiz Ahmadi , Naghan Davood Jalili
Published: September 2021

Background and objectives: Air pollution has been widely considered as an important factor in causing heart disease, respiratory disease, and death. This study sought to determine the relationship between short-term exposure to air pollutants and hospital admissions, cardiovascular and respiratory deaths and total mortality rate in Shahrekord, Iran.Procedure: This is a time series and ecological research. We collected data on hospital admissions and cardiovascular mortality and total mortality from 2012 to 2018. The study used the quasi-Poisson regression combined with linear distributed lag models, adjusted for trend, seasonality, temperature, relative humidity, weekdays and holidays.Results: Our results show a direct and significant statistical relationship between: O3 exposure in lag4 for total mortality, PM10 exposure in lag1 for total mortality and in lag4 and lag1 for respiratory death, PM2.5 exposure for total cardiovascular admissions in lag5, respiratory mortality in lag4, total respiratory admissions in lag3, NO2 exposure to respiratory mortality in lag1, and cardiovascular mortality in lag0, increased risk of death and pathogenesis.The results show a statistically significant inverse relationship between: NO and total admissions in lag3 and for respiratory mortality in lag1 between PM2.5 and cardiovascular mortality in lag1, NO with respiratory mortality in lag1 and cardiovascular admissions in lag3, NO2 with cardiovascular admissions in lag1 and NOX with respiratory death in lag0, which reduces the risk of death and pathogenesis.Conclusion: Air pollution has a significant relationship with the number of hospital admissions and mortality in Shahrekord, Iran.
High PANX1 Expression Leads To Neutrophil Recruitment And Formation of A High Adenosine Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment In Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Chen Wuzhen , Li Baizhou , Ni Chao , Jia Fang , Li Jiaxin , Huang Huanhuan , Xia Wenjie
Published: September 2021

High adenosine levels are an important characteristic of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Pannexin 1 (PANX1) can release intracellular ATP to the extracellular space and elevate extracellular ATP (exATP) levels under physiological conditions. We performed public database bioinformatics analysis, surgical specimen histological validation, RNA sequencing, and exATP/extracellular adenosine (exADO) assays in vitro and in vivo to reveal the role of PANX1 in regulating the immune microenvironment of TNBC. Our results revealed that PANX1 was highly expressed and acted as a poor prognostic factor in TNBC. The PANX1 expression level was positively correlated with exATP and exADO levels in the TNBC TME. PANX1 promoted infiltration of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) through exATP, and TANs highly expressed ENTPD1 (CD39) / NT5E (CD73). This study suggests that high PANX1 expression could promote TAN accumulation and adenosine production in the TNBC TME which have been shown to induce local immunosuppression.
Ethanol Extract from Astilbe Chinensis Inflorescence Suppresses Inflammation in Macrophages and Growth of Key Oral Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Han Jong Min , Yun Ina , Yang Kyung Mi , Kim Hye-Sung , Kim Young-Youn , Jeong Wonsik , Hong Seong Su , Hwang Inseong
Published: September 2021

Dysregulation of infection-derived inflammatory responses has been one of the crucial pathological causes of oral diseases. Even though the organic extracts of Astilbe chinensis have been frequently reported to have anti-inflammatory activity, the study on the extract of A. chinensis inflorescence has yet to be reported. Here, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory efficacy of A. chinensis collected from a variety of regions and seasons and successfully demonstrated that GA-13-6, an ethanol extract of A. chinensis inflorescence collected in a flowering season, inhibited the production of inflammatory mediators and proinflammatory cytokines, such as nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and suppressed the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) both in mRNA and protein levels in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Importantly, we for the first time confirmed that GA-13-6 efficiently inhibited the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Streptococcus mutans, showing that GA-13-6 possesses antibacterial activity against these pivotal oral pathogens. Thus, GA-13-6 is a potential active ingredient not only for the treatment or prevention of periodontal and dental diseases but many other inflammation-related diseases.
A Computational Framework for Transmission Risk Assessment of Aerosolized Particles in Classrooms
Authors: Tan Kendrick , Gao Boshun , Yang Cheng-Hau , Johnson Emily , Hsu Ming-Chen , Passalacqua Alberto , Krishnamurthy Adarsh , Ganapathysubramanian Baskar
Published: September 2021

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has rendered confined spaces as high-risk areas. There is an increasing push to resume in-person activities, for instance, teaching in K-12 and university settings. It becomes important to evaluate the risk of airborne disease transmission while accounting for the physical presence of humans, furniture, and electronic equipment, as well as ventilation. Here, we present a computational framework based on detailed flow physics simulations that allows straightforward evaluation of various seating and operating scenarios to identify risk factors and assess the effectiveness of various mitigation strategies. These scenarios include seating arrangement changes, presence/absence of computer screens, ventilation rate changes, and presence/absence of mask-wearing. This approach democratizes risk assessment by automating a key bottleneck in simulation-based analysis--creating an adequately refined mesh around multiple complex geometries. Not surprisingly, we find that wearing masks (with at least 74% inward protection efficiency) significantly reduced transmission risk against unmasked and infected individuals. The availability of such an analysis approach will allow education administrators, government officials (courthouses, police stations), and hospital administrators to make informed decisions on seating arrangements and operating procedures.
Optimising for equity: Sensor coverage, networks and the responsive city
Authors: Robinson Caitlin , Franklin Rachel S. , Roberts Jack
Published: September 2021

Decisions about sensor placement in cities are inherently complex, balancing structural inequalities with the differential needs of populations, local stakeholder priorities and the technical specificities of the sensors themselves. Rapid developments in urban data collection and Geographic Data Science have the potential to support these decision-making processes, yet even the most cutting-edge algorithms cannot deliver on complete and equitable sensor coverage. Focusing on a case study of air-quality sensors in Newcastle-upon-Tyne (UK), we employ spatial optimisation algorithms as a descriptive tool to illustrate the complex trade-offs that produce sensor networks that miss important groups—even when the explicit coverage goal is one of equity. The problem is not technical; rather it is demographic, structural and financial. Despite the considerable constraints that emerge from our analysis, we argue the data collected via sensor networks is of continued importance when evidencing core urban injustices (e.g., air pollution or climate-related heat). We therefore make the case for a clearer distinction to be made between sensors for monitoring and sensors for surveillance, arguing that a wider presumption of bad intent for all sensors potentially limits the visibility of positive types of sensing. For the purpose of monitoring, we also propose that basic spatial optimisation tools can help to elucidate and remediate spatial injustices in sensor networks.
YY1 lactylation in microglia promotes angiogenesis through transcription activation-mediated upregulation of FGF2
Authors: Wang Xiaotang , Fan Wei , Li Na , Wang Guoqing , He Siyuan , Li Wanqian , Tan Jun , Lu Qi , Hou Shengping
Published: September 2021

Ocular neovascularization is a leading cause of blindness. Retinal microglia have been implicated in hypoxia-induced angiogenesis and vasculopathy, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we report that lactylation in microglia is critical for retinal neovascularization. Using lactylome and proteomic analyses, we identified a list of hyperlactylated proteins in the context of increased lactate under hypoxia. Yin Yang-1 (YY1), a transcription factor, is lactylated at lysine 183 (K183) under hypoxia, which is regulated by p300. Furthermore, hyperlactylated YY1 directly enhances fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) transcription and promotes angiogenesis. YY1 mutation at K183 eliminates these effects. Notably, clinical retrospective analysis shows that lactate concentrations in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) infants are significantly increased compared with those in controls. Taken together, our results demonstrate that YY1 lactylation in microglia promotes FGF2 expression and plays a pivotal proangiogenic role, providing new insights into retinal neovascular diseases.
CSDVP: Compressed Sensing for Drug-Virus Prediction
Authors: Besharatifard Milad , Gharagozlou Arshia
Published: September 2021

The 2019 Coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic has recently hit most countries hard. Therefore, many researchers around the world are looking for a way to control this virus. Examining existing medications and using them to prevent this epidemic can be helpful. Drug repositioning solutions can be effective because designing and discovering a drug can be very time-consuming. Although no drug has been definitively approved for the treatment of this disease, the effectiveness of a few drugs for the treatment of the disease has been observed. In this study, with the help of computational matrix factorization methods, the associations between drugs and viruses have been predicted. By combining the similarities between the drugs and the similarities between the viruses and using the compressed sensing technique, we investigated the association between the drug and the virus. The Compressed Sensing approach to Drug-Virus Prediction (CSDVP) can work well. We compared the proposed method with other methods in this field and found its accuracy is more desirable than other methods. In fact, the CSDVP approach with the Human drug virus database (HDVD) and evaluation through 5-fold CV, with AUC = 0.87 and AUPR = 0.37, can identify the relationship between drugs and viruses. We also investigated the effect of drug properties on model performance improvement using autoencoder. Thus, with each decrease in the size of the characteristics in different sizes, we examined the performance of the CSDVP model in predicting the drug-virus relationship. The relationship between drugs and coronavirus infection is also analyzed, and the results are presented.
Enhancing Occupant Safety by Pre-active Seat Control for Out-of-seat Position before Autonomous Emergency Braking Operation
Authors: Kang Myeongkwan , Kim Hyungjoo , Cho Youngkuen , Kim Seonglae , Lim Dohyung
Published: September 2021

The pre-active safety seat (PSS) is a recently developed active safety system for securing occupant safety in out-of-seat position (OOSP), which was applied in the Hyundai Genesis G80 in 2020. However, there has not been sufficient quantifiable verification supporting the effectiveness of the PSS. The present study was performed to determine the effectiveness of the PSS for occupant safety in OOSP and to identify areas for additional improvement. Six test conditions were considered to determine the effectiveness of the PSS for augmentation of occupant safety in OOSP. Ten healthy men participated in the tests. Compared with the no PSS condition, maximum head excursion and neck rotation were significantly decreased in the PSS condition by 0.31–0.79-fold and 0.33–0.48-fold, respectively (p < 0.05). The PSS condition in which the seat pan was moved forward to the mid position showed a greater effect in reducing the characteristic motions related to submarining, compared with the condition in which the seat pan was moved rearward to the mid position (p < 0.05). These results suggested that PSS augments occupant safety in OOSP. This study provides valuable insights in ameliorating risks to the occupant in unintended seat positions before braking and/or collision.
Performance Investigation of Cooperative Green Underground Wireless Systems
Authors: Kanthavel R , Dhaya R
Published: September 2021

Diversity is a well-known strategy for preventing the negative consequences of fading in Underground wireless communication systems. Space diversity is one of numerous diversity approaches that uses multiple antennas for transmitting and receiving.. Accomplishing spatial diversity in a versatile unit calls for the utilization of different antennas, which, thusly, builds its equipment multifaceted nature and size. Appropriated spatial diversity: versatile units which are circulated in various topographical areas produce numerous correspondence ways. Down to earth execution of dispersed spatial variety necessitates a type of participation among the portable units. A cooperative diversity approach with a sources, multiple transfer, and a purpose is considered in this research. Due to the failure of traditional choice of combination algorithms to consider for the impact of source-to-relay connections in the error analysis of cooperative multiplicity networks, their effectiveness is suboptimal. We have proposed in this research a novel plan which receives another determination system at the goal subsequently giving ideal execution. The start to finish image blunder likelihood (SEP) of a proposed choice technique plot for such a framework, with unravel and forward transferring and parallel stage move entering in a level Rayleigh blurring condition, is broke down. This platform's effectiveness has been investigated using a methodology. This technique was evaluated to a non-cooperative selection combined approach and a standard selection combined strategy. The suggested methodology gives a large sign to-commotion proportion improvement over traditional decision joining and noncooperation, according the results.
The ER protein Creld regulates ER-mitochondria contact dynamics and respiratory complex 1 activity
Authors: Paradis Marie , Kucharowski Nicole , Edwards Gabriela , Palacios Santiago Maya , Meyer Christian , Stümpges Birgit , Jamitzky Isabell , Kalinowski Julia , Thiele Christoph , Bauer Reinhard , Paululat Achim , Sellin Julia , Bülow Margret
Published: September 2021

Dynamic contacts are formed between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria that enable the exchange of calcium and phospholipids. Disturbed contacts between ER and mitochondria impair mitochondrial dynamics and are a molecular hallmark of Parkinson’s disease. Cystein-rich with EGF-like domain (Creld) are ER-proteins associated with atrioventricular septal defects, but human CRELD1 is also a poorly characterized risk gene for Parkinson’s disease. Here we show that Creld is required for ER-mitochondria communication. Loss of Creld leads to mitochondrial hyperfusion and reduced ROS signaling in Drosophila melanogaster, Xenopus tropicalis and human cells. We found that reduced respiratory complex I activity lowers hydrogen peroxide levels, which disturbs neuronal activity and leads to impaired locomotion in Creld mutants. Our study presents a new paradigm of neuron dysfunction as a result of impaired ER-mitochondria communication and a new model for Parkinson’s disease.
Fully Coupled Numerical Methods for Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication Line Contact Problems by the High Order Finite Difference Methods
Authors: SHEN QUAN , Wu Bing , XIAO GUANGWEN
Published: September 2021

In this paper a high order finite difference method is constructed to solve the elastohydrodynamic lubrication line contact problems, whose cavitation condition is handled by the penalty method. The highly nonlinear equations from the discretization of the high order finite difference method are solved by the trust-region dogleg algorithm. In order to reduce the numerical dissipation and dispersion brought by the high order upwind finite difference scheme, a high order biased upwind finite difference scheme is also presented. Our method is found to achieve more accurate solutions using just a small number of nodes compared to the multilevel methods combined with the lower order finite difference method.
Study on the Influence of Rainfall Infiltration on the High rock Slope of Open-pit Mine Stability using a New Nonlinear Strength Reduction Method
Authors: Zhou Tianbai , Zhang Lingfan , Cheng Jian , Wang Jianming , Zhang Xiaoyu , Li Maoyuan
Published: September 2021

Due to long-term mining, a series of high and steep rock slopes have been formed in the open-pit mine. For high rock slopes, rainfall infiltration is the main cause of landslide. Therefore, the stability analysis of high rock slope under rainfall has become a key issue in the open-pit mine engineering. In this work, aiming at the high stress condition of high rock slope, the instantaneous internal friction angle and instantaneous cohesion of rock mass under different stress states are deduced, and the a nonlinear strength reduction method for high rock slope is established according to the relationship between normal stress and shear stress of rock mass under the Hoke-Brown criterion. The numerical calculation results show that the factor of safety (FOS) for high rock slope calculated by the proposed method is more reasonable. Taking the southwest slope of Dagushan Iron Mine as the research background, the safety factors of high rock slope under different rainfall conditions are calculated by COMSOL Multiphysics. And the stability analysis of high rock slope in open-pit mine under rainfall are carried out.
Network Flow and Flood Routing Model for Water Resources Optimization
Authors: Tahiri Ayoub , Che Daniel , Ladevèze David , Chiron Pascale , Archimède Bernard
Published: September 2021

Real-time management of hydraulic systems composed of multi-reservoir involves conflicting objectives. Its representation requires complex variables to consider all the systems dynamics. Interfacing simulation model with optimization algorithm permits to integrate flow routing into reservoir operation decisions and consists in solving separately hydraulic and operational constraints, but it requires that the water resource management model is based on an evolutionary algorithm. Considering channel routing in optimization algorithm can be done using conceptual models such as the Muskingum model. However, the structure of algorithms based on a network flow approach, inhibits the integration of the Muskingum model in the approach formulation. In this work, a flood routing model, corresponding to a singular form of the Muskingum model, constructed as a network flow is proposed, so that it can be easily integrated into the water management problem. A genetic algorithm is involved for the calibration of the model. The proposed flood routing model was applied on the standard Wilson test and on a 40 km reach of the Arrats river (southwest of France). The results were compared with the results of the Muskingum model. Finally, operational results for a water resource management system including this model are illustrated on a rainfall event.
Optical Mapping of the Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae Genome
Authors: Ates Duygu , Altinok Hacer Handan , Tanyolaç Bahattin
Published: September 2021

Optical mapping approaches are widely preferred and applied in different branches of genomic studies because of their accuracy, low cost, and high efficiency. In the current study, a sequence orientation of the Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae (FOMG) genome that is deposited in GenBank NCBI under accession number MPIL00000000 was used as the reference genome, which we checked with Bionano Genomics (BNG) optical mapping approaches. BNG optical mapping produced 103 contigs, the longest of which was 3.05 Mb. The N50 value of BNG contigs is 0.85 Mb. The sequences of the FOMG reference genome and BNG optical map mainly match each other. Results obtained in the current study indicate that BNG optical mapping can be used to construct complete and gapless assemblies of the FOMG genome. It also can be applied to validate a previous genome assembly.
Static And Fatigue Tensile Properties of High-Strength Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-Based Carbon And Electrical-Class Glass Hybrid Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Matrix Composites
Authors: Naito Kimiyoshi
Published: September 2021

The static and fatigue tensile properties of high-strength polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based carbon (IMS60) and electronic (E)-class glass (E-glass) hybrid fiber-reinforced epoxy matrix composites (HFRPs) were investigated. The fiber orientations of the HFRP specimens were set to unidirectional with [(0(IMS60))/(0(E−glass))]S (subscript S means symmetry and [(0(IMS60))/(0(E−glass))/(0(E−glass))/(0(IMS60))]), [(0(E−glass))/(0(IMS60))]S, [(0(E−glass))/(0(IMS60))2]S, [(0(E−glass))/(0(IMS60))3]S, [(0(E−glass))/(0(IMS60))5]S, [(0(E−glass))2/(0(IMS60))]S, [(0(E−glass))3/(0(IMS60))]S, and [(0(E−glass))5/(0(IMS60))]S. Under static loading for the [(0(IMS60))/(0(E−glass))]S, [(0(E−glass))/(0(IMS60))]S, [(0(E−glass))/(0(IMS60))2]S, [(0(E−glass))/(0(IMS60))3]S, and [(0(E−glass))/(0(IMS60))5]S HFRP specimens, the stress applied to the specimen was almost linearly proportional to the strain until failure. However, the tensile stress–strain curves of the [(0(E−glass))2/(0(IMS60))]S, [(0(E−glass))3/(0(IMS60))]S, and [(0(E−glass))5/(0(IMS60))]S HFRP specimens had a complicated shape (jagged trace). The Weibull statistical distributions of the tensile strength values were also examined. The Weibull moduli for the [(0(E−glass))/(0(IMS60))]S, [(0(E−glass))/(0(IMS60))2]S, [(0(E−glass))/(0(IMS60))3]S, [(0(E−glass))/(0(IMS60))5]S, [(0(E−glass))2/(0(IMS60))]S, [(0(E−glass))3/(0(IMS60))]S, and [(0(E−glass))5/(0(IMS60))]S HFRP specimens were higher than those for the mono carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy (CFRP) and glass fiber-reinforced epoxy (GFRP) specimens. Under fatigue loading, the fatigue properties of the HFRP specimens showed CFRP-dominant behaviour at high stress levels and GFRP-dominant behaviour at low stress levels. The fatigue properties of the HFRP specimens increased with increasing volume fraction of CFRP in the following order: ([(0(E−glass))/(0(IMS60))5]S > [(0(E−glass))/(0(IMS60))3]S > [(0(E−glass))/(0(IMS60))2]S > [(0(IMS60))/(0(E−glass))]S > [(0(E−glass))/(0(IMS60))]S > [(0(E−glass))2/(0(IMS60))]S > [(0(E−glass))3/(0(IMS60))]S > [(0(E−glass))5/(0(IMS60))]S).
Growth hormone receptor controls adipogenic differentiation of chicken bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by affecting mitochondrial function
Authors: Zhao Changbin , Hu Bowen , Wei Haohui , Luo Wen , Zhao Yongxia , Liang Jinping , Nie Qinghua , Luo Qingbin , Zhang Dexiang , Zhang Xiquan , Li Hongmei
Published: September 2021

Background

Growth hormone receptor (GHR), a member of the type I cytokine receptor family, activates several downstream signaling pathways after binding to growth hormone (GH) to regulate cell growth and development. However, in poultry, the relations among the GHR gene, mitochondrial function, and adipocyte differentiation remain unclear.
Methods

In this study, we used sex-linked dwarf (SLD) chickens and normal chickens as research objects and overexpression or knockdown of GHR in bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) at the stage of adipogenic differentiation, to investigate the effects of the GHR gene on mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial function and adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs.
Results

Yellow bone marrow in SLD chickens was higher than that in normal chickens, and lipid droplets and triglyceride content also increased in SLD bone marrow tissue. Mitochondrial biogenesis and function in BMSCs were compared between SLD and normal chickens, mitochondrial membrane potential decreased, mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) and ATP contents increased. Expression of genes associated with mitochondrial biogenesis and function, including ND1, ND2, CYTB, COX1, COX2, ATP6, ATP8, PGC1α, NRF1, and TFAM, also increased in BMSCs of SLD chickens. In addition, GHR was overexpressed and knocked down in chicken BMSCs to verify results in vitro. Overexpression of GHR increased mitochondrial membrane potential but decreased mtROS and ATP contents, oxidative phosphorylation complex enzyme activity, and mitochondrial number. Expression of genes associated with mitochondrial biogenesis and function was also repressed during adipogenic differentiation in chicken BMSCs. After overexpression of GHR, changes in adipogenic differentiation capacity of chicken BMSCs were also examined, and expression of genes associated with adipogenic differentiation, including PPARγ, C/EBPα, and C/EBPβ, decreased. Triglyceride production and number of lipid droplets (oil red O staining) also decreased after GHR overexpression. With knockdown of GHR, opposite results were observed.
Conclusions

GHR inhibited adipogenic differentiation of chicken BMSCs by suppressing mitochondrial function. This suppression might explain the clinical manifestation of severe fat deposition in SLD chickens.
Honokiol alleviates LPS-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis via Nrf2 activation in vitro and in vivo
Authors: liu yuhan , zhou jiabin , luo yingying , li jinxiao , shang luorui , zhou fangyuan , yang shenglan
Published: September 2021

Background
Honokiol (HKL) has been reported to ameliorate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). However, its potential mechanism imparting the protective effects remains unclear. In this study, the protective mechanism of HKL on LPS-induced ALI was explored in vivo and in vitro.
Methods
In vivo, the SD rats were intratracheally instilled with LPS (5 mg/kg) to establish an acute lung injury model and then treated with HKL (1.25/2.5/5 mg/kg) or ML385 (30 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. In vitro, the human bronchial epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B) was stimulated with LPS and ATP to induce pyroptosis and treated with HKL (12.5/25/50 µM). Small interfering RNA (siRNA) technique was used to knockdown Nrf2 in BEAS-2B cells. The protein and mRNA expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1, NLRP3, ASC, CASP1, and GSDMD in cells and lung tissues were detected by western blot and real time-PCR. The expression levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, MPO, MDA, and SOD in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and supernatant were determined by ELISA. The degree of pathological injury of lung tissue was evaluated by H&E staining.
Results
The results showed that HKL could alleviate the oxidative stress and inflammatory responses by regulating the levels of MPO, MDA, SOD, IL-1β, IL-18 in supernatant. And HKL inhibited the expression levels of NLRP3, ASC, CASP1, GSDMD via activation of Nrf2 in BEAS-2B cells. Further studies revealed that HKL could attenuate the pathological injury in LPS-induced ALI rats and the molecular mechanism was consistent with the results in vitro.
Conclusions
Our study demonstrated that HKL could alleviate LPS-induced ALI by reducing the oxidative stress and inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis, which was partly dependent on the Nrf2 activation.
The Small Molecule Components of Human Synovial Fluid and Bovine Calf Serum that Correlate with Cobalt Chrome (CoCrMo) Wear
Authors: Jaggard Matthew , Stevenson Harriet , Boulange Claire , Graca Goncalo , Akhbari Pouya , Vaghela Uddhav , Bhattacharya Rajarshi , Williams Horace , Lindon John , Cann Philippa , Gupte Chinmay
Published: September 2021

Background:Implant wear in joint replacements is influenced by the chemical and physical properties of human synovial fluid (HSF). In vitro testing for implant wear uses 25% weight bovine calf serum (25BCS) to substitute for HSF, due to similar rheology and total protein content. However, previous studies have shown differences in the macromolecular composition. We aimed to evaluate the differences in small molecule composition between fluids and correlate these differences with their effects on implant material wear.Methods:HSF was harvested from osteoarthritis patients undergoing primary knee replacement (n=14). Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy with linear regression modelling analysed the metabolites present in HSF and commercially sourced 25BCS and investigated the differences. Wear properties of the fluids were evaluated using a validated quantitative laboratory bench-test utilising a cobalt/chromium/molybdenum (CoCrMo) ball oscillating against a CoCrMo disc and analysing the resulting wear scar. The variation in metabolite levels in both HSF and 25BCS was correlated to the wear properties of the fluids.Results:Differences in the levels of metabolites, lipids, and glycosaminoglycans (GAG) were observed between HSF and 25BCS: significance was confirmed by O-PLS-DA (p<0.05). The wear of CoCrMo was found to strongly correlate with the macromolecules GAG and proteins that potentially bind to glucose and citrate. Conclusions:The small molecule concentration differences between the fluids questions the validity of 25BCS as a model for wear analysis. The demonstration of variable metabolites present in HSF which correlate with material wear has implications for implant failure and targeted therapeutic manipulation of these metabolites. Trial Registration:Ethical approval was granted by the NRES Committee London, Chelsea, UK on the 12th May 2015. The study was performed in accordance with the ethical standards in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki.
A Simple Fluorescent Aptasensing Platform Based on Graphene Oxide for Dopamine Determination
Authors: Teniou Ahlem , rhouati amina , Catanante Gaëlle
Published: September 2021

Dopamine (DA) is a catecholamine neurotransmitter playing an important role in different biological functions including central nervous, renal, cardiovascular, and hormonal systems. The sensitive and selective detection of this neurotransmitter plays a key role in the early diagnosis of various diseases related to abnormal levels of dopamine. Therefore, it is of great importance to explore rapid, simple, and accurate methods for detection of dopamine with high sensitivity and specificity. We propose in this work, a fluorescent aptasensor based on graphene oxide (GO) as a quencher, for the rapid determination of dopamine. The principle of this aptasensor is based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), where GO was used as energy donor, and a carboxyfluorescein (FAM)-labeled aptamer as acceptor. In the absence of DA, FAM-aptamer was adsorbed on the surface of GO through π-π stacking interactions between nucleotide bases and the carbon network, leading to a weak FRET and a quenching of the FAM fluorescence. However, by adding the target, the aptamer undergoes a conformational change to bind to DA with high affinity, resulting in a fluorescence recovery. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the fluorescence recovery was linearly proportional to the concentration of DA in the range of 3-1680 nM, with a limit of detection of 0.031 nM. Moreover, the developed assay exhibited minor response in the presence of various interferents and it revealed a satisfactory applicability in human serum samples.
Access to Facility-Based Childbirth: Women’s Experience on Enablers and Obstacles to the Utilisation of Waiting Mothers’ Shelters in Rural Zimbabwe
Authors: Muchabveyo Brenda
Published: September 2021

This article explores experiences and perceptions of women concerning the utilising a waiting mothers’ shelter at Bonda Mission Hospital in the Manicaland province of Zimbabwe. It draws on a phenomenological qualitative research design. This incorporated in-depth interviews and key informant interviews with purposively selected fifteen women who have used the waiting mothers’ shelter since 2015 and eight healthcare practitioners respectively. The paper is guided by Alfred Schutz’s (1972) social phenomenology. While the findings reveal that most women acknowledged the importance of waiting mothers’ shelters in improving access to skilled birth attendance and maternal health outcomes, there are still factors that militate the use of such innovations. Several socio-cultural and economic factors such as constrained decision making among women, mistreatment and lack of privacy in the shelters are some of the deterrent factors. The article concludes that, although waiting mothers’ shelters are facilities proven to be beneficial in rural communities, they continually face the risk of not being used. There is a need for a multi-stakeholder approach to address the barriers that deter women from utilising the waiting mothers’ shelters and improve access to facility-based delivery, access to skilled birth attendants and enhance the maternal health outcomes in rural communities in Zimbabwe.