bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Tractor Steering System Simulation Based on Virtual Prototype Technology
Authors: Fan Qin Man
Published: October 2014

Steering system directly determines the tractor steering characteristics. It has great influence on the driving comfort of a tractor and the life of the tire, etc. Based on the platform of the virtual prototype software ADAMS, the virtual prototype model of tractor steering system and the motion simulation were established. The parameters such as the tractor steering angle displacement were measured and the steering performance of tractor was analyzed. The model and simulation method this article used has significant references on the performance analysis of other vehicle steering system.
The Multi-Objective Optimization Design of a Forklift Steering Mechanism
Authors: Fan Qin Man , Wu Yong Hai
Published: October 2014

The design and quality of steering mechanism is directly related to forklift traction, mobility, steering stability and safe operation. A multi-objective optimization model of the forklift steering mechanism is established in this paper. The objective function is minimum oil cylinder stroke difference and the minimum power oil pump. Steering torque, geometrical angles, geometry size and the hydraulic system pressure are used as constraint conditions. We use non dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA II) based on the Pareto optimal concept to optimize and calculate model and get the optimal design of steering mechanism.
Improvement of the Scraper Stem Humidifying Machine
Authors: Li Zhe Kun , Han Zi Wei , Zou Yu Sheng , Xu Yong Kang , Luo Yong
Published: October 2014

This paper analyzes the defects of a scraper stem humidifying machine, reforms the equipment structural and solves the problem of leaking steam and water, which effectively improved the reliability and increased the temperature and humidity of tobacco stem at the discharge end. It has a good reference value for analyzing and improving tobacco humidifying equipments.
Study on the Shape Target Curve Setting Model for Cold Rolling Strip
Authors: Zhao Zhang Xian , Wang Dong Cheng , Liu Hong Min
Published: October 2014

In order to automatically set the shape target curve, a model based on shape control theory is put forward. By coupling the shape forecast model and the shape discrimination model, the practical and strict shape target curve is researched. By combining strip plastic deformation model and rolls elastic deformation model, the shape forecast model is built. The shape discrimination is based on the strip element method. The main idea of the shape target curve is to minimize the shape crown in the first few passes on the condition that the strip is not unstable, in the last two passes to keep the good shape under the natural shape crown. Taking five-pass six-high rolling mill as an example, the convex strip is analyzed. The simulation and calculation results prove the validity and feasible of the shape target curve setting model. This model develops the shape target theory and lays the foundation of application of shape target curve in the rolling process of cold rolling.
Fuzzy Reliability-Optimization Design for Differential Mechanism Based on Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Wang Jun , Yin Xin Quan
Published: October 2014

To the widely used simple symmetric bevel gear differential, a fuzzy reliability-optimization mathematical model of a pair of bevel gear transmission is established, which used the bevel gear transmission as the research object, used the smallest volume of the gear transmission as the objective function, and used the end face module, the number of teeth and the coefficient of tooth face width as the design variables. Considering the randomness and fuzziness of the design parameters, an genetic algorithm control scheme was proposed for the optimal design, the numerical simulation results show that the volume of the gear transmission can be decreased by 3.36%, and the optimization design algorithm is more corresponded to engineering practice.
CSVS Method for Spacecraft with Two Flexible Appendages during Attitude Maneuver
Authors: Wang Guan Yu , Ge Wei Ping , Yang Guang Wei , Wang Sheng Chao
Published: October 2014

An angle maneuver control strategy of spacecraft with two flexible appendages based on component synthesis vibration suppression (CSVS) method is put forward. Unwanted flexible vibration modes can be eliminated while desired rigid motion can be achieved by this method. Jet device and Momentum wheel system are used as the actuator of the spacecraft’s angle maneuver. Several time-fuel control strategies are designed for spacecraft with flexible appendages. Simulation results validate the feasibility of the CSVS method. The DC motor control method is researched in order to combine momentum wheel system with CSVS method.
Double Loop Transmission Dynamics Simulation Analysis
Authors: Feng Ming Jia , Dong Zhen
Published: October 2014

This article focuses on double loop transmission dynamics simulation analysis based on ADAMS. The translation of double loop transmission gear transmission mechanism from the establishment of the model, edit component and add constraint is introduced in detail, finally it is concluded that the rotating speed and meshing force simulation results. From the simulation results can be concluded that the speed has consistency with the theoretical value, confirmed that the gear parametric modeling and the rationality of the transmission system modeling process. From the simulation results can be concluded that two inner gear meshing force between the ring plate and the outer gear meshing force always close to constant, two plate respectively on the annular gear meshing force of equal size.
Review of Fractional Order Control
Authors: Leng Bo Yang , Qi Zhi Dong , Shan Liang , Bian Hui Juan
Published: October 2014

With the development of mathematical theory of fractional order, fractional order control system is more widely studied and discussed. In order to make the theory system of fractional order control systems perfect,this paper give out the review of fractional order control systems.The fractional order controller is divided into five categories to be described.
Dynamic Thrust Allocation of Dynamic Positioning Vessel Based on Model Predictive Control
Authors: Liu Fu Rong , Tang Shuang Qing , Chen Cong Ping
Published: October 2014

The dynamic positioning (DP) vessel maintains its position and heading by active thrusters. For safety reasons, DP vessels are typically designed with redundancy thrusters more than needed for motion control. Optimization theories are useful in finding thrust allocation solutions that minimize fuel consumption and reduce “wear and tear” on a thruster. But several challenges exist such as uncertain thruster model, thruster dynamics characters and the individual limitations of the thrusters. In this paper, a dynamic thrust allocation scheme is presented based on model predictive control (MPC) that directly takes thrusters with dynamics characters and various constraints into account. It is shown in simulations that the MPC dynamic thrust allocation scheme performs better in comparison with an existing static allocation method. Its main advantage is the ability to handle thruster dynamics characters and various constraints.
Two-Step Annealing for Solution-Based Metal Induced Crystallization of Amorphous Silicon Films
Authors: Jin Jing , Qu Xiao Lei , Shi Wei Min
Published: October 2014

Solution-based nickel (Ni)-induced crystallization (S-MIC) of amorphous silicon (a-Si) films has been studied with a two-step annealing process. We especially introduced Ethyl cellulose (EC) into the Ni-salt solution, so the viscous Ni-salt solution can be uniformly spin-coated on the a-Si film prepared by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). The annealing temperature can be first set from room temperature (RT) to 400°C and kept at 400°C for 2 h in nitrogen ambience. And then, it is increased from 500°C to 550°C and kept for several hours in the following annealing. The correlations among crystallization, the concentrations of Ni-salt solution and annealing conditions can be discussed. The experimental results show that with the help of the two-step annealing, the a-Si films can be crystallized at a low temperature of 500°C. The crystalline fraction gets up to 81.2% after annealing at 520°C for 2 h and the grain size of the polycrystalline Si film is approximately 0.2 μm. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis shows that very little Ni metal atoms reside in the crystallized Si film for S-MIC.
The Study of Electromagnetic Steel Sheet High Cycle Fatigue Properties
Authors: Ho Ming Hsiung , Lee Ping Kun , Wang Pin Ning , Chang Chih Yi , Shen Ping Chen
Published: October 2014

In this study, the brand name 35CS300 and 50CS400 electromagnetic steel with tensile and high cycle fatigue properties were investigated. The specimens were prepared in rolling and transverse directions. In the first, the material basic properties were built from tensile test. The high cycle fatigue was performed under stress ratio 0.1 and two sampling direction. The tensile result showed that the specimens in rolling direction (L) are slight greater than in transverse direction (T). About the fatigue test results, the 35CS300 and 50CS400 sampling direction had less effect in fatigue limit. The fracture mechanism was showed that 35CS300 has void and brush like pull out under ductile failure. But the results showed in the 50CS400 specimens had splitting fracture surface with brittle fractograph. The electromagnetic steel surface of the insulating layer under dynamic fatigue loading would cause fragmentation; if the electromagnetic steel for long-term use will reduce the efficiency.
High Speed Extrusion Rheological Behavior Analysis of Marine ABS/PC Alloy
Authors: Liu Yuan , Yao Wen Long , Li Xiang Qi
Published: October 2014

The ABS/PC alloy was prepared, and the extrusion characteristics of the alloy melt was studied by a constant speed Double-capillary rheometer. The micromorphology of the blend was characterized by SEM, and extrusion processing property was also analyzed. The results show that, the ABS/PC alloy with the optimum processability properties can be obtained when the ratio of ABS to PC is 90/10, and mechanical properties of the alloy can meet the requirement of ship's magnetic compass cover. Morover, the processability properties of the alloy are sharply declined with the higher PC ratio in ABS/PC.
First-Principle Study on Half-Metallic Ferromagnetism and Structural Stability of C-Doped Alkaline-Earth Chalcogenides under Pressure
Authors: Zhao Hui , Han Qian
Published: October 2014

Three half-metallic ferromagnets with NaCl structure, X4CS3(X = Mg, Ca and Sr) are investigated by the first principle calculations based on the density functional theory in thegeneralized gradient approximation. Non-spin and spin polarized calculations are done to obtain the lattice constants, the equilibrium cell volumes, the stable energies and the magnetic moments of X4CS3, and band structure and density of states for X4CS3at high pressure are calculated. From the calculations it has been found that X4CS3is stable in the FM state. The corresponding lattice constants and the equilibrium cell volumes in FM are greater than that in NM. The magnetic moment of X4CS3decrease as pressure increases, and a second order magnetic phase transition of Sr4CS3from FM to NM state at pressure of 140GPa, but a second order magnetic phase transitions of Mg4CS3and Ca4CS3have not been found. According to the band and the density of states, as the pressure increases the half-metallic nature of X4CS3destroyed.
Study on Synthesis Technology of Dibutyl Phosphate
Authors: Nie Zhao Guang , Hu Yan Fang , Xu Qian , Hu Ji Ming
Published: October 2014

The method of the synthesis of dibutyl phosphate from phosphorous acid and n-butanol has been explored. Effects of reaction conditions, such as the ratio of raw materials, reaction temperature, reaction time, catalyst type, and reaction time were investigated. The methods of analysis were studied. The composition of product was analyzed by titration method. The result showed: the best temperature was 125-135°C,the mole ratio of n-butanol / phosphorous acid was 3.6, the best reaction time without catalyst was 3h, the yield of dibutyl phosphate was 68%. The product can be separated by the agent of n-butanol/benzene 10:1 in TLC.
A Facile Synthesis and Optical Properties of Novel 2-substituted-5-naphthylmethylene Thiadiazole Derivatives
Authors: Tan Ting Feng , Li Yan Xia , Bai Li Gang , Wu Bian Peng , Guo Hua Yan , Suo Zhi Cheng
Published: October 2014

Three aryl and three naphthylmethylene derivatives containing thiadiazole ring have been synthesized. The structures of target compounds were characterized on the basis of spectral (FT-IR, 1H NMR, and MS). The optical properties were detected using UV-vis absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. The absorption spectra of 1a, 2a and 3a substituted by naphthylmethylene are primarily characterized by a peak around 284 nm originating from naphthalene, which is different from that of compounds 1b, 2b and 3b. Compared to 1a and 2a (separated by a saturable atomic cluster −CH2−), the maximum absorption wavelength of 1b and 2b takes on obvious red-shifted, which is from thiadiazole and benzene with more large conjugated system. The fluorescence intensity of 2-(4-aminobenzoyl) amide-5-naphthylmethylene-1,3,4-thiadiazole (3a) was significantly higher than that of 5-(4-aminobenzoyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole (3b) due to the presence of naphthalene.
Well-Defined LaBO3:Tb3+ Hierarchical Architectures: Facile Synthesis and Luminescence Properties
Authors: Jia Guang , Liu Jing Yi , Dong Dong Bing , Zhang Cui Miao
Published: October 2014

Well-defined LaBO3hierarchical architectures have been successfully synthesized by a designed hydrothermal conversion method. La (OH)3nanowires were prepared through a simple hydrothermal process. Subsequently, uniform 3D LaBO3architectures were synthesized at the expense of the La (OH)3nanowires during a hydrothermal process. The whole process was carried out under aqueous conditions without the use of any organic solvent, surfactant, or catalyst. The as-obtained LaBO3:Tb3+product shows strong characteristic green emission under ultraviolet or low-voltage electron beam excitation, which might find potential applications in fields of fluorescent lamps, display systems, and optoelectronic devices.
Study on Carbon Fiber Reinforced Chloroprene Rubber Composites
Authors: Wu Wei Li , Li Jiang Kun
Published: October 2014

Due to the low strength of ordinary rubber, poor high temperature resistance and abrasion resistance, limit their service life. In this paper, the high-performance carbon fiber (CF) was used as a reinforcement, the chloroprene rubber (CR) as the matrix, and coupling agent as a compatilizer, prepared carbon fiber/rubber composite materials. The content of carbon fiber was determined by testing the mechanical and thermal properties. The effect of coupling agent on the compatibility between rubber and carbon fiber was studied by using as a bonding agent. The compatibility of the carbon fiber and rubber were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that the formula obtained best mechanical properties is 100 phr chloroprene rubber, 12 phr carbon fiber, and 2.5 phr KH-550. And further demonstrate that compatibility of carbon fiber / chloroprene rubber with adding 12phr CF by SEM analysis.
Unsaturated Polyesters with Pendant Double Bonds and Investigation of their Self Curable Activity
Authors: Li Hai Yan , Chen Yi Yu , Zhu Fang Fang , Li Chong Wen
Published: October 2014

In this paper, the self-curable unsaturated polyester was put forward as a new solution to air pollution problems caused by the cross-linking monomer’s volatilization in unsaturated polyesters (UP) industry. Two kinds of unsaturated polyesters with the vinyl double bonds at the side chain were synthesized with Itaconic acid (IA) or Itaconic anhydride (ITA) as raw materials. The first one was prepared with IA, isophthalic acid and propylene glycol (IPP-UP), and the second one was synthesized with glycidol (GL) and ITA (IG-UP). Investigation demonstrates that the latter UP resin could be self-cured through the nucleophilic addition reaction of hydroxyl groups with double bonds or the free-radical homopolymerization of double bonds when they were heated without cross-linking monomers. However, the former couldn’t. Factors on self-crosslinking activity and crosslinking mechamism of pendant vinyl bonds from IA or ITA were explored.1H-NMR and FT-IR were used to characterize.
Aggregation of Nano- and Micro-Crystallites in Urine of Uric Acid Stone Formers and Healthy Controls
Authors: Tan Cai Yan , Gan Qiong Zhi , Xue Jun Fa , Ouyang Jian Ming
Published: October 2014

The aggregation of urine crystallites with different sizes in the urines of 5 cases of uric acid (UA) calculi patients and 5 cases of healthy controls were comparatively investigated by means of nanoparticle size analyzer. Different sizes of urine crystallites were obtained by filtrating the urine through microporous membrane with different pore sizes (0.22, 0.45, 1.2, 3, and 8 μm), respectively. The average particle size () increased rapidly with placement time (t) in the lithogenic patients. The values of the urine crystallites of the controls increased more slowly with t. When t was increased, the autocorrelation curves in the two types of urine crystallites became less smooth and the decay of the correlation curve became slower, and decay time of different sizes of urine crystallites both for the calculi patients and the controls increased. These results indicated that the urine crystallites of the controls were more stable than those of the patients. The rapid aggregation of urine crystallites may be an important factor affecting the growth of crystallites in UA stone patients.
Study on Storage Conditions of Greening of Garlic Purees
Authors: Liang Cai Yun , Xiong Jian , Ye Jun
Published: October 2014

Garlic puree turns green easily during the storage. And temperature is one of the greatest affects on degree of greening of garlic puree. The greening of garlic purees was evaluated by sensory analysis. It showed that 35°C was the best temperature to prevent garlic from greening. At the same storage time, different kinds of garlics were at different degree of greening. Organic garlic didn’t show absolutely advantage at preventing garlic from greening.
The Micro-Analysis about the Morphology and Characteristics of the Ball Mill Slag Powder
Authors: Ye Tao , Jia Peng , Jiang Bin
Published: October 2014

In this paper, we prepare the samples by the particle image processing technology of the high adhesiveness of blast furnace slag powder. Then we used the ball-mining grinding samples for its microstructure analysis. The results suggest that the index of the shape of micro-fine slag can reflect the characteristics of the particle outlines perfectly. When the clustered particle was split, the index of shape decrease obviously, however the roundness coefficient has no obvious change at the same time. The projected area is closed after split. In additional, the increase of the flatness, the decrease of the surface roughness and the edge angle indicate that the shape of the particle tended to elongated and the irregularity and complexity of the boundaries are decreased.
Comparatives on the Characteristics between Vernicia Fordii(Hesml) and Aleurites Montana
Authors: Wan Pan , Meng Xiang Jiang , Zhou Kai
Published: October 2014

Tung oil tree is deciduous trees, which belongs to euphorbiaceae. It is a important woody oil species used to producing bio-diesel. In China, tung oil tree mainly have two species includingVernicia fordiiandAleurites montana, they have obviously different characteristics. This paper compares the differences between these two species, including botany characteristics, ecological characteristics, reproductive mode and application, which provides bases on the selection and promotion of the tung oil tree in different places.
An Experimental Research for Developing Prediction Program for Time to Corrosion Reinforcing Steel
Authors: Kim Do Gyeum
Published: October 2014

This research has attempted to predict the level of corrosion of reinforcing bar depending on diffusion speed of chloride in concrete to develop prediction program for the time in which corrosion of reinforcing bar in concrete structure at coast occurs. Based on the results, diffusion algorithm of chloride has been formulated and corrosion prediction system has been developed by utilizing the prediction model for diffusion of chloride. The results from experiment and field investigation on coastal structure indicate that the developed program can predict diffusion speed of chloride relatively accurately, The majority of estimated values are coincide with experimental value apart from those of the surface regarding prediction on content of chloride according to different depth. Therefore, the newly developed program has been found to be useful for interpreting and predicting diffusion of chloride.
Analysis on Chloride Diffusion According to the Change of Physical, Geometric Properties in Concrete
Authors: Kim Do Gyeum
Published: October 2014

This study analyzed the impact caused by the change in the physical properties and fine structure of concrete by setting compressive strength, void ratio and permeability as the index to express the physical properties and geometric structure of concrete and then by analyzing the physical properties according to the mix properties of concrete, and secured the data to estimate the corrosion time of structure rebar by analyzing the chloride diffusion speed according to the change in the chloride diffusion speed and physical properties depending on mix properties.
Fabrication of TiB2/TiC Duplex Particles Reinforced Carbon Steel Matrix Surface Composite
Authors: Guo Chang Qing , Hua Xiao Yan , Han Ji Wei
Published: October 2014

A process that combines a vacuum expandable pattern casting V-EPC with self-propagation high-temperature synthesis SHS of TiB2/TiC particles for the fabrication of the TiB2+TiC duplex particulates reinforced carbon steel matrix surface composite are introduced in this paper. The effect of ferrotitanium addition in the SHS reactants on the macro and micro structures as well as hardness is investigated. It has been found that with the increase of ferrotitanium addition, the concentration of synthesized particles in the layer gradually increases to maximum, then decreases. The hardness gradually decreases from the surface compound layer to core and the maximum hardness of 1682HV is obtained on the composite surface.
Legs of Ocean Platform in the Gulf of Bohai Ice Load Safety Analysis
Authors: Zhao Tian Yu , Li Fan Chun , Ren Hong
Published: October 2014

Ocean engineering structures often suffer from ice disaster damages, and the mechanism of interaction between sea ice and ocean structures is complex, the sea ice own properties are also changeful. Based on field researches and statistical results we can know the ice force amplitude. The solid model was established by the ANSYS Workbench module, then simulate the interaction of ice load and ocean engineering structures to verify the safety of ocean engineering structure. This kind of treatment provides an effective method for solving the similar problems, to guarantee the safety of ocean engineering building objective. Keywords:Ocean engineering structures; anti icing safety; ice force amplitude statistics; finite element method
The Application of ACF Inorganic Fibers Wool Board as External Thermal Insulation for Energy-Efficient Retrofit Project
Authors: Lu Guo Zhong , Gao Tong Yu , Lv Hang , Zhao Wei Xuan , Liu Chen Zhao , Wang Hai Wang
Published: October 2014

This paper introduces the composition, function, system construction and construction technology of ACF Inorganic Fibers Wool Board External Thermal Insulation System (Abbreviation: ACF System), and also evaluated its properties. Results showed that all the performance indexes of this system meet the requirement of company standard. The good effect has been achieved in its application in energy-efficient retrofit in existing building of Xicheng District, Beijing. It demonstrates that the ACF System not only satisfies the building energy efficiency requirements but also owns a good fire resistance property as a new building fire-resistant insulation system. It possesses a prospect market and extending significance.
The Influence of the Punch Shape on the Socket Spanner Extrusion Process
Authors: Diao Wei Long , Hu Xin Ping
Published: October 2014

Punch is a key component in Socket-Spanner extrusion and its shape influence the extrusion molding heavily. Using the FEA software DEFORM, the paper simulated the extrusion process of three kinds of upper and lower extrusion punch combinations which have different shape and studied the influences of the punch shape on metal flowing, Z direction punch load and equivalent stress. By contrasting the simulation data, the best punch shape was chosen. Our results could provide theory evidence for optimization design of Socket-Spanner extrusion punch. It was shown that the tapered bottom punch is the most suitable shape for the socket-spanner extrusion than the flat tapered and the flat one.
Study on Injection Molding of Single Polymer Composites
Authors: Chen Jin Nan , Mao Qian Chao , Wang Jian
Published: October 2014

This article gives an overview of study on injection molding process of thermoplastic polymer SPCs. The thermoplastic polymer Polypropylene (PP) was selected as the experimental materials. Our study proves that advantages of the PP SPCs are friendly recyclability and excellent fire/matrix adhesion. PP SPCs samples had good interfacial compatibility and bonding properties. The one-component SPCs have better interfacial bonding than the multi-component SPCs. Injection molding is the most effective method with a large process window and short cycle time for processing a thermoplastic SPC. Injection molding could be developed to realize PP SPCs production.
Study on the Abrasive Wear of Mo-Alloy Sprayed Piston Ring
Authors: Gao Wen Wei , Zheng Zhi , Wang Ya Jun
Published: October 2014

This paper takes the SRV friction and wear tester, conducts the research on the abrasive principle of the tribomate pairs (Mo-alloy sprayed piston ring/P-B cylinder bore) under the condition that there lies a certain amount of quartz sand in the lubricant and find that the surface structure, chemical component of tribomate materials can have a huge influence on its capability of resisting abrasion.
Water Modeling Study on Dispersed Phase Size Distribution and Interface Areas in Metallurgical Multiphase Reactor
Authors: Chen Ren , Huang Yan , Li Ling Ling , Luo Zhi Guo
Published: October 2014

The combined blowing process of metallurgical multiphase reactor was simulated by water modeling. The effects of operation conditions on dispersed phase size distribution were studied and an empirical formula was obtained. Based on the law of additive codimensions, the interface areas under different operation conditions were calculated by means of box counting and projection relationship. The results show that the frequency of dispersed phase with certain granularity level are in a certain proportion to its size level, and the dispersed phase areas are influenced by the top and bottom combined blowing.
The Research of Internal Corrosion Location Prediction Technology in the Typical Pipeline Components of Natural Gas Gathering Pipeline
Authors: Ma Hong Lian , Huang Hui , He Ren Yang , Li Han Qiu , Yang Yong , Liu Shu Jun
Published: October 2014

Gathering pipeline is used for transporting crude gas without purification in natural gas mine, it has short transmission distance, small diameter, pressure changes and other characteristics . In the natural gas gathering and transportation process, the carrying effect of high pressure and high speed gas, water, sand, acidic medium and other untreated impurities could induce flow corrosion in gas pipeline, pipeline components (referred to as the tube), and other ancillary facilities interior. According to the actual failure case of an acidic gas mine pipeline, based on the CO2 corrosion mechanism, internal flow field analysis of the model and the actual test results, through comparison of numerical results and actual test results, the article gives a research on corrosion location prediction technology in the typical components of natural gas gathering pipeline. The technology has an important significance to guide field inspection, improve the detection efficiency and defect detection rate, and protect the natural gas mine gathering safety.
Performance Improvement of Hydrogen Peroxide Sensor via Cadmium Doped Nickel Oxide Modifying N-Silicon Electrode
Authors: Li Huai Xiang , Shen Chong Yin , Wu Qiong , Xia Wen Sha
Published: October 2014

Cadmium ion doping was carried out during electrochemically cathodic plating nickel hydroxide on platinum films coated n-silicon (Pt/n-n+-Si electrode) in 0.1 M nickel nitrate solution containing 0.035 M cadmium nitrate. The morphology and composition of the products were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. A two-electrode cell based on Cd-doped NiO/Pt/n-n+-Si electrode and a platinum counter has been used for determination of hydrogen peroxide in absence of reference electrode by photocurrent measurement at a zero bias. The emphasis is laid on that the cadmium doping remarkably improves the sensibility of the photoelectrochemical hydrogen peroxide sensor. Under optimizing conditions a sensitivity of 254.6 μA mM-1 cm-2 and a linear response range from 0.02 mM up to 0.12 mM with a determination limit of 2.0 μM were achieved in a potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution at pH =13.3.
A Novel Method for Co-Simulating 1-3 Piezocomposite Performance
Authors: Cui Ming Tao , Duan Yuan Xing
Published: October 2014

The paper provides a novel method for co-simulating 1-3 piezocomposites performance. Both equivalent parameter model (EPM) and finite element mode (FEM) are utilized in the method, and a co-simulation software is developed based on the method. The performance of 1-3 piezocomposite can be conveniently calculated by the software. Therefore the method and software involved in this research can be applied to the design of 1-3 piezocomposite.
Different Carbon Nanotube Content and Dispersant on the Preparation of Fe3O4 / CNTs
Authors: Cheng Yuan , Sun Kang Ning , Li Ai Min
Published: October 2014

This article mainly introduced the preparation and properties of the thermal seed composite. And multiple groups of experiments have been done, which controlled by different content of carbon nanotubes, different surfactants. The results showed that: Fe3O4/CNTs can be made through chemical co-precipitation. Using the same surfactant and under the same experimental conditions, the carbon nanotubes’ surface coating is best and most homogeneous, when the content of the carbon nanotubes is 12.5%. When the content of carbon nanotubes is 12.5% and the experimental conditions are same, choosing CTAB as the surfactant, rather than SDS, finally get the better performance of sample. So the optimal parameters for the experiment are that the content of CNTs is 12.5%, and the choice of surfactant is CTAB. At this time, the surface of carbon nanotubes coats uniformly and the magnetic properties meet the requirements of tumor hyperthermia. In addition, as the carbon nanotubes contain varying degrees of nanocarbon particles, graphite fragments, amorphous carbon and other impurities, Therefore, in this paper, the carbon nanotubes are carbon nanotubes which have been purified with concentrated nitric acid.
The Research of Hydrophilic Modification of PVC/PES Blended Membrane by the Additive of CA
Authors: Jiang Shu Hong , Wu Jun , Zhou Hong Zhong , Jiang Chuan Wei , Wang Jun
Published: October 2014

In order to improve the performance of Poly(vinyl chloride)(PVC)/ polyethersulfone (PES) blended membranes, cellulose acetate (CA) was used as a hydrophilic enhancer to blend with PVC and PES for membrane preparation by phase inversion method. In this study, the results of equilibrium water content (EWC), contact angle and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the addition of CA could effectively improve the hydrophilicity of PVC/PES blended membrane. It was also found that water flux of PVC/PES/CA blended membranes increased with the increase of CA concentration.
Temperature Influences on Preparation and Tribological Characteristics of Electrostatically Sprayed PTFE/PEEK Composite Coatings
Authors: Zhang Jian Qun , Ming Er Yang , Zhang Chao Hui
Published: October 2014

Composite coatings of PTFE/PEEK (Polytetrafluoroethylene/Polyetheretherketone) were prepared by electrostatic powder spraying method. The factors were investigated on the preheating temperature and working temperature by the orthogonal experimental method. The results show that 250°C preheating temperature and 100°C working temperature are better conditions for playing good performance of PTFE/PEEK coatings.
Study on Preventing Springback for Nanoporous Thermal Insulating Composites
Authors: Feng Jin Peng , Huang Qiang , Feng Xia
Published: October 2014

nanosilica porous thermal insulating composites belong to super thermal insulations, which are prepared by dry molding technology. They have many advantages in comparison with aerogel such as easy preparation and good mechanical property. However, springback phenomenon is found in the process of molding. The springback is easy to lead to cracking of the samples, which directly affects applications of the composites. In order to solve this problem, steam curing method is introduced and the effects of steam curing medium and steam curing time on springback ratio are investigated. The results show that the springback ratio of composites is only 6.45% when water is selected as steam curing medium and the optimum steam curing time is 30 min.
Preparation and Experimental Study of Composite Phase Change Material for Building Energy Conservation
Authors: Yan Hong Yuan , Yang Ying
Published: October 2014

The building energy conservation has an important role in the energy field. Lightweight materials have been extensively used. By compositing the capric acid (CA) and lauric acid (LA) eutectic and using the expanded perlite (EP) as the matrix, a phase change material (PCM) was prepared and studied in laboratory. The mass fraction of this PCM reached at 60% through direct immersion for 24 hours. Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) testing results indicated that the melting temperature of the PCM is 18.0°C, and the latent heat is 73.77J/g. From 1000 times cycling and heat-release characteristic test, this PCM was found to be stable well. After 2(wt)% graphite added in, solidification time of the PCM decreased by some 30%, the thermal conductivity improved. Application showed that the PCM has a positive effect on improving indoor environmental temperature.
Experimental Study and Numerical Simulation on Thermal Energy Storage Characteristics of Composite Phase Change Materials in Annular Space of Vertical Double-Pipe Heat Exchanger
Authors: Liu Xiao Hong , Ling Zi Ye , Sun Peng , Fang Xiao Ming , Xu Tao , Zhang Zheng Guo
Published: October 2014

Experimental system on thermal energy storage characteristics of phase change materials (PCMs) in annular space of a vertical double-pipe heat exchanger was set up. The thermal storage performance of paraffin and paraffin/expanded graphite composite PCM with the mass fraction of 70% paraffin was compared. The Fluent software was used to simulate the temperature field of the composite PCM during the thermal storage process. The results show that, for the paraffin, in the sensible heat storage phase, because the heat transfer process is controlled by the heat conduction, the temperature in paraffin gradually reduces from the inside to the outside of the annular space. But for the phase change thermal storage phase, solid-liquid phase change heat transfer is controlled by natural convection and the effect of buoyancy, the temperature in paraffin reduces from top to bottom, from the inside to the outside of the annular space. For the composite PCM, heat transfer is controlled only by the heat conduction process, both the sensible and latent heat storage process, the temperature in the composite PCM decreases from bottom to top, from inside to outside of the annular space. As the thermal conductivity of composite PCM is 15.65 times of paraffin, the thermal energy storage time is shortened by 86.6% than paraffin. The temperature fields of composite PCM in different time are obtained by numerical simulation method, the measured temperatures and simulation results are in good agreement.
Preparation of Al2O3-SiO2 Composite Powder by Sol–Gel Method
Authors: Zhu Chun Xiao , Zhu Shao Feng
Published: October 2014

Al2O3-SiO2 composite powder was prepared by sol-gel method, using TEOS and AlNO3 as the main raw material .XRD, SEM and the specific surface analyzer were used to characterize the powder. The results showed that powder obtained by calcining xerogel of the molar ratio of SiO2/Al2O3=1:1.5 at 1200°C had high crystallinity and purity , homogeneous distribution and small particle size that was 100-200nm. Its specific surface area decreased with the increase of the calcining temperature. The main phase of xerogel was amorphous silica. After xerogel was calcined at 400°C, 600°C and 800°C respectively, the phase of obtained powder was also amorphous silica. But at 1000°C and 1100°C respectively, small amounts of Al-Si spinel were produced. At 1200°C, the powder was all mullite and Al-Si spinel did not exist completely.
Synthesis of Porous SnO2 with Superior Acetone Sensing Properties
Authors: Zhang Hui Hui , Han Dan , Song Peng , Wang Qi
Published: October 2014

Porous structures represent a unique class of functional nanomaterials with many applications. In this work, porous SnO2 with 3D networks structures were synthesized by a facile Lewis acid catalytic template method. Techniques of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the structure and morphology of the products. The porous SnO2 posses large macroscopic scale and porous nanostructure with huge pore volume and large surface exposure area. The sensor based on SnO2 with porous structures exhibited high response to acetone gas (CH3COCH3). It suggests that the as-prepared porous SnO2 is promising candidate for good performance acetone sensor.
Surface Properties of TiNi Alloy Treated by Micro-Arc Oxidation under Different Voltages
Authors: Zhu Li Hua , Xu Xiao Jing , Niu Xiao Ya , Chen Ting Zhuo , Liu Min
Published: October 2014

The effects of micro-arc oxidation (MAO) voltage (370V, 400V, 420V) on the surface morphology, adhesion of film/substrate, corrosion resistance and fretting friction and wear properties after micro-arc oxidation and heat-treatment for 48h of TiNi alloy were investigated. The results show that, as the voltage gradually increases: (1) micro-arc oxidation coatings form, when the voltage increase to 420V, the coating shows a significant micro-arc oxidized porous characteristics; (2) the Ca/P ratio in the coatings also increases, so the Ca/P ratio can be controlled by adjusting the voltage of micro-arc oxidation; (3) the corrosion resistance of MAO coatings can be significantly improved by increasing the output voltage, the corrosion rate and the corrosion potential of 420V are smaller two magnitude than 370V’s; (4) the coating of 420V shows lower friction coefficient with higher resistance, narrower wear scar width; (5) the MAO coatings have formed different types of hydroxyapatite crystals (HA) after immersed in high temperature and pressure reactor for 48h, and the phase composition of the coating are mainly apatite.
Porous Poly(5-Cyanoindole) Electrode with High Capacitance
Authors: Zhou Wei Qiang , Huang Dong Lan , Ma Xiu Mei , Xu Jing Kun , Jiang Feng Xing , Lu Bao Yang , Zhu Dan Hua
Published: October 2014

A porous poly (5-cyanoindole) film was easily electrodeposited and for the first time evaluated as an active electrode material in 1.0 M H2SO4. The poly (5-cyanoindole) film was investigated using scanning electron microscope, cyclic voltammetry, impedance spectroscopy and charge-discharge test. The specific capacitance of poly (5-cyanoindole) electrode was 336 F g-1 under the current density of 2.4 A g-1 and decreased by 30% after 1000 cycles, which indicated that poly (5-cyanoindole) electrode had good cycle stability. Additionally, the specific energy of poly (5-cyanoindole) electrode reached 23 Wh kg-1 when the specific power was 190 W kg-1. These results indicated the feasibility of poly (5-cyanoindole) as electrode material for supercapacitors.
Kinetics Study of Thermal Degradation of Epoxy Resins Modified with 2-(Diphenylphosphinyl)-1, 4-Benzenediol
Authors: Tian Xiu Juan , Wang Zhong Wei , Gao Jun
Published: October 2014

Phosphorus-containing epoxy resins with different phosphorus content were obtained from 2-(Diphenylphosphinyl)-1, 4-benzenediol (DPO-HQ) and biphenyl-A epoxy resin by crosslinking with 4, 4’-diaminodiphenylsulfone (DDS). The thermal degradation kinetics of the modified epoxy resins containing different phosphorus content were investigated by dynamic thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) under air atmosphere with different heating rate. The degradation of epoxy resins containing flame retardant components were found to be changed. The additive of phosphorus increases the carbon residue and improves the thermal stability at elevated temperature. The kinetics of thermal degradation was evaluated by Kissinger method and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method, which do not require knowledge of the reaction mechanism. The results showed that the activation energies at lower degree of the degradation decreased with increasing of phosphorus content, while increased at higher degree of the degradation.
The Electrosynthesis and Characterization of Thienyl-Group-Bearing Acrylic Polymer as Precursor for Electrochemical Reaction of Thiophene Side-Chain
Authors: Han Lu , Qiao Yong Luo , Zhou Wei Qiang , Shen Liang , Xu Jing Kun
Published: October 2014

The precursor thienyl-group-bearing acrylic polymer (TE-PAA-co-PMMA), obtained with 3-Ethyl acrylate-thiophene (TE-AA) and methyl methacrylate through free radical polymerization, was prepared electrochemically to free-standing, processible and conducting conjugated PTE-PAA-co-PMMA film by direct anodic oxidation in CH2Cl2 containing 50% boron trifluoride diethyl etherate (BFEE). The structure, electrochemical, optical, thermal properties and morphology of as-formed electropolymer were systematically investigated by FT-IR, cyclic voltammetry, UV-vis, thermogravimetry and scanning electron microscopy. Cyclic voltammetry studies demonstrated that the precursor can be reversibly oxidized and reduced accompanied by obvious color changes from dark blue to transmissive yellow-green and the electropolymer has good redox activity as well as excellent electrochemical stability. Additionally, fluorescence spectra show that the so-obtained crosslinked polymer is still good blue-light emitter.
Thermal Stabilities and the Thermal Degradation Kinetics Study of the Flame Retardant Epoxy Resins
Authors: Tian Xiu Juan
Published: October 2014

Thermal stability and thermal degradation kinetics of epoxy resins with 2-(Diphenylphosphinyl)-1, 4-benzenediol were investegated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) at different heating rates of 5 K/min, 10 K/min, 20 K/min and 40 K/min. The thermal degradation kinetic mechanism and models of the modified epoxy resins were determined by Coast Redfern method.The results showed that epoxy resins modified with the flame retardant had more thermal stability than pure epoxy resin. The solid-state decomposition mechanism of epoxy resin and the modified epoxy resin corresponded to the controlled decelerating ځ˽̈́˰̵̳͂͆ͅ˼˰̴̱̾˰̸̵̈́˰̵̸̳̱̹̽̾̓̽˰̶̳̹̾̈́̿̾̓ͅ˰̶˸ځ˹˰̵̵͇͂˰̃˸́˽ځ˹2/3. The introduction of phosphorus-containing flame retardant reduced thermal degradation rate of epoxy resins in the primary stage, and promote the formation of carbon layer.
Synthesis of Macromolecular Coupling Agent and its Effects on Polystyrene Composites
Authors: Zhang Hong Wen , Zhou Shi Long , Zhang Yang , Jiang Yan , Yu Qiang
Published: October 2014

Different molecular weight of block coupling agents with well-defined structures have been synthesized successfully by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) from styrene (St), butyl methacrylate (BMA) and 3-methoxyacryloyl-propyltrimethoxyl silicon (KH-570) are as monomer. The structures and compositions of macromolecular coupling agents have been characterized by means of infrared spectrum (FT-IR), ultraviolet spectrum (UV), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). And their effects on the polystyrene/silica (PS/SiO2) composite materials have been studied. The results show that interface compatibility and mechanical properties of composite materials containing macromolecule coupling agents are improved significantly. The composite materials with block macromolecular coupling agents possess more excellent comprehensive performance. Furthermore, the impact strength increased by 110% when comparing with composite materials which are not modified by the coupling agents.
Preparation of Hydrophobic Zeolite 13X@SiO2 and their Adsorption Properties of CO2 and H2O
Authors: Liu Li Ying , Du Tao , Fang Xin , Che Shuai , Wang Xu Guang
Published: October 2014

Zeolite 13X@SiO2 composites have been prepared using TEOS and CTAB as the silica source and template respectively, via hydrothermal reaction. The approach of synthesizing zeolite 13X@SiO2 core-shell structures has been adopted followed by external surface modification by silane to achieve hydrophobicity. The materials were characterized by XRD, SEM, FTIR, etc. The results show that the zeolite 13X@SiO2 core-shells structures have been prepared and their properties are maintained even after the modification. The CO2 adsorption capacity was well maintained after silylation, however, the adsorption of water on samples was effectively inhibited by the surface modification.
DC Magnetron Sputtering Deposition of Room-Temperature Phase Transition Vanadium Oxide Film
Authors: Qiao Ya , Lu Yuan , Yang Hua , Ling Yong Shun
Published: October 2014

Low valence vanadium oxide thin film was deposited on ordinary glass substrates by direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering from a vanadium metal target. And then it was annealed in an atmosphere of oxygen/argon mixture at the temperature of 450°C for 2hours to obtain VO2thin film possessing the ability of phase transition. The XRD patterns and resistance-temperature (R-T) curves of the film before and after the annealing were given. The results show that: the as-deposited film, whose main component is V2O3, presents no phase transition and its resistance changes from 1.26 kΩ~1.01kΩ while its temperature rising from room temperature to 80°C; the annealed film, whose main component is VO2, presents a phase transition when its temperature rising from room temperature to 80°C and its resistance changes from 10kΩ to 60Ω, more than two orders. And the phase transition temperature of the film deposited is only 30°C.
Preparing γ-Crystalline Controlling Thickness's Zn-Ni Coating and Studying Corrosion Performance
Authors: Zheng Kai , Yang Wei Ben , Han Yu Hua , Li Hong Yi
Published: October 2014

This paper aimed to prepare a kind of γ-phase crystal Zn-Ni coating outside the surface of low carbon steel, to investigate the relationship between coating's thickness and electrochemical parameters and to testify its corrosion performance. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrogram of coating was almost the same as that of standard. The data of scanning electron microscope spectrogram (SEM) showed that coating was made from 16 percents Ni and 84 percents Zn. During the coating developing, the thickness of coating unfolded a regulation that was fast in the beginning of 0.5 hour and slow afterwards. The anti-corrosion performance of the coating was also studied by analyzing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data. The analyzing result indicated that the impedance of γ-shape crystal Zn-Ni coating with was stable.