bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modern Slavery Pada Anak Buah Kapal (Abk) Perikanan Dalam Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia
Authors: Prisnasari Indah
Published: July 2020

Tujuan pertama dari penelitian ini adalah menjelaskan konsep dari anti modern slavery dan mengetahui parameter dari pencegahan modern slavery berdasarkan hukum hak asasi manusia internasional maupun nasional. Tujuan yang kedua adalah untuk menjelaskan hasil analisa tiga Peraturan Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan terhadap pencegahan modern slavery dalam industriperikanan. Penelitian ini merupakan tipe penelitian yuridis normatif. Adapun permasalahan yang dikaji yaitu anti modern slavery dalam perspektif hukum hak asasi manusia dan analisa Peraturan Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan terhadap pencegahan modern slavery dalam industri perikanan. Hasil penelitian ini menjabarkan bahwa terdapat tiga cara yang harus ditempuh dalam rangka pencegahan modern slavery dalam industri perikanan yaitu menerapkan SistemHAM Perikanan, memiliki Sertifikat HAM Perikanan dan mengadakan Perjanjian Kerja Laut bagi Awak Kapal Perikanan.
Perlindungan Hak Cipta Atas Streaming Lagu Dalam Joox
Authors: Purbawati Retno
Published: July 2020

Hak cipta merupakan hak kekayaan intelektual yang dimiliki oleh pencipta karya untuk melindungi keaslian karya dari seorang pencipta atau penerima hak melaksanakan hak ekonominya. Perlindungan hak cipta dibutuhkan agar karya cipta lagu terhindar dari penyiaran, pameran, penjualan, pengedaran, serta penyebaran hasil karya dengan cara apapun oleh pihak yang tidak bertangung jawab. Terutama pada aplikasi streaming “JOOX” yang rentan sekali terhadap pelanggaran hak cipta, sehingga perlu diadakannya penelitian tentang pelanggaran hak cipta dan tanggung gugat dari penyedia layanan streaming “JOOX”. Hal tersebut dilakukan untuk mengetahui kriteria pelanggaran yang terjadi pada layanan musik ini serta dapat mengetahui tanggung gugat penyedia layanan steaming “JOOX”. Proses mengetahui tanggung gugat penyedia layanan streaming ini menggunakan dua metode yaitu dengan tanggung gugat secara perdata yang telah diatur dalam Pasal 96 UU Hak Cipta dan tanggung gugat secara pidana yang telah diatur dalam Pasal 120 UU Hak Cipta. Hal tersebut dilakukan supaya pencipta atau pemegang hak cipta dapat mengajukan gugatan terhadap pihak penyedia layanan streaming “JOOX” apabila merasa dirugikan.
Prinsip Mengenal Pemilik Manfaat Sebenarnya (Beneficial Owner) dalam Pengadaan Barang/Jasa Pemerintah
Authors: Martak Muchammad Usama
Published: July 2020

Pengadaan Barang/Jasa Pemerintah memiliki posisi yang begitu penting dalam mencapai tujuan bangsa Indonesia sebagaimana tercantum dalam Undang-undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia. Pengadaan Barang/Jasa Pemerintah didefinisikan sebagai proses pengadaan yang dilakukan oleh Kementerian/Lembaga/Perangkat daerah yang dibiayai oleh Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara (APBN)/Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah (APBD). Dalam kegiatan pengadaan barang/jasa, sering terjadi praktik KKN, utamanya dalam bentuk persekongkolan, baik secara horizontal maupun vertikal. Hal ini disebabkan adanya pihak yang menjadi pengendali dari beberapa perusahaan peserta pemilihan penyedia barang/jasa, baik yang berasal dari sesama peserta maupun berasal dari pihak pemerintah sendiri. Belum ada pengaturan khusus untuk menerapkan prinsip mengenal pemilik manfaat sebenarnya (beneficial owner) dalam pengadaan barang/ jasa pemerintah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisa ruang lingkup pengaturan pemilik manfaat sebenarnya di Indonesia dan menganalisa penerapan Prinsip Mengenal Pemilik Manfaat Sebenarnya dalam Tahapan Pemilihan Penyedia Pengadaan Barang/Jasa Pemerintah di Indonesia.
Perlindungan Hukum bagi Pelaku Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah Melalui Perjanjian Kemitraan Antara Carrefour dan Pemasoknya
Authors: Choirunnisa Novia
Published: July 2020

Salah satu bentuk kerjasama yang dapat dilakukan oleh pelaku Usaha Mikro, kecil dan Menengah ialah kerjasama dengan pola kemitraan perdagangan umum. Adapun pelaksanaan kemitraan dengan pola perdagangan umum ialah dapat berupa kerjasama pemasaran, penyediaan lokasi usaha, atau penerimaan pasokan dari Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah. Salah satu pelaku usaha yang melakukan kemitraan dengan pola perdagangan umum ialah kerjasama yang dijalin antara Carrefour dan para pemasoknya. Dalam pelaksanaannya, seringkali terjadi masalah yang timbul dari adanya kerjasama kemitraan tersebut, yang mana permasalahan ini seringkali menimbulkan kerugian bagi pihak pelaku usaha Mikro, kecil dan Menengah, oleh karena tersebut diharapkan perlu adanya upaya perlindungan hukum yang tegas dan adil. Dalam hal ini pihak yang berwenang dapat mendukung secara aktif atau pasif menegakkan norma dan peraturan kontrak sebagaimana menjadi landasan dalam penyusunan kerjasama kemitraan, sehingga tujuan setiap pihak dapat tercapai. Kontrak perdagangan umum dibuat dalam bentuk akta tertulis sebagai bentuk upaya perlindungan, kepastian hukum dan sehingga kontrak tersebut menjadi perjanjian yang memiliki pembuktian yang sempurna bagi para pihak. Dalam hal terjadi sengketa maka upaya penyelesaian sengketa yang dapat digunakan oleh para pihak dalam kontrak perdagangan umum ini adalah dengan melalui dua cara yaitu jalur nonlitigasi yaitu konsultasi, negosiasi, konsiliasi, mediasi, dan arbitrase apabila tidak menemukan kesepakatan maka dapat diajukan ke jalur litigasi.
Anak di Bawah Umur 12 Tahun yang Terlibat Dalam Tindak Pidana Terorisme
Authors: Octadela Miranda
Published: July 2020

Artikel ini berjudul “Anak Di Bawah Umur 12 Tahun Yang Terlibat Dalam Tindak Pidana Terorisme”, yang dalam penulisannya menggunakan metode penelitian normatif, dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach). Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini yaitu : (1) Bagaimana pertanggungjawaban pidana anak di bawah umur 12 (dua belas) tahun yang terlibat dalam tindak pidana terorisme?, (2) Bagaimana perlindungan hukum bagi anak di bawah umur 12 (dua belas) tahun yang terlibat dalam tindak pidana terorisme?. Dari penelitian hukum yang telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan penelitian yang disebutkan diatas dapat disimpulkan bahwa pada rumusan masalah yang pertama mengenai pertanggungjawaban pidana anak di bawah umur 12 (dua belas) tahun yang terlibat dalam tindak pidana terorisme yaitu anak tidak dapat dimintai pertanggungjawaban pidana karena tidak semua syarat dalam unsur kesalahan terpenuhi (bersifat kumulatif) dan juga berdasarkan teori pertanggungjawaban pidana, dengan tidak dapatnya anak di proses hukum dapat dimaknai sebagai bentuk perlindungan hukum, namun anak perlu mendapatkan perlindungan hukum khusus agar anak tidak lagi terpapar paham radikal terorisme. Sedangkan pada rumusan masalah yang kedua membahas mengenai dasar pertimbangan pemberian perlindungan hukum bagi anak dan perlindungan hukum yang relevan dan tepat untuk diberikan kepada anak di bawah umur 12 (dua belas) tahun yang terlibat dalam tindak pidana terorisme. Perlindungan hukum dan pemenuhan hak-hak anak sangat penting untuk diperoleh anak agar kehidupan anak dapat pulih seperti anak-anak pada umumnya.
Zero Hour Rule Terhadap Perikatan Berdasarkan UndangUndang Nomor 37 Tahun 2004 Tentang Kepailitan dan PKPU
Authors: Pratama Risma Cahya Yudita
Published: July 2020

Zero hour rule adalah sebuah aturan dalam Pasal 24 Ayat (2) Undang-Undang No. 37 Tahun 2004 tentang Kepailitan dan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang yang membahas mengenai tanggal putusan pailit yang dihitung pukul 00.00 waktu setempat. Rasionalitas aturan ini adalah untuk melindungi harta pailit debitor karena sebelum putusan pailit diucapkan, debitor tetap dapat melakukan perikatan dengan pihak ketiga. Jika perikatan merugikan kreditor, dapat diajukan gugatan Actio Pauliana dan pihak yang menerima benda bagian dari harta kekayaan debitor wajib mengembalikan kepada kurator. Kreditor akan dilindungi dan pihak ketiga dapat meminta kepastian terhadap perikatan yang dilakukan kepada kurator, menggugat ganti kerugian, dan menjadi kreditor konkuren. Dengan menggunakan metode yuridis normatif serta pendekatan perundangundangan dan pendekatan konseptual artikel ini akan membahas tentang akibat hukum zero hour rule terhadap perikatan yang dilakukan pada tanggal yang sama sebelum putusan pailit diucapkan dan perlindungan hukum pihak ketiga apabila terjadi perikatan yang dilakukan pada tanggal yang sama sebelum putusan pailit diucapkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terhadap perikatan yang dilakukan sebelum putusan pailit diucapkan akibat hukum yang timbul adalah dimintakan pembatalan perikatan. Selain itu, pihak ketiga juga merasa dirugikan karena jumlah ganti kerugian yg diterima dari pembatalan tidak sebanding nilainya dengan nilai barang yang telah dikembalikan akibat pembatalan.
Pelanggaran Bea Perolehan Hak Atas Tanah Dan Bangunan Dalam Jual Beli Tanah
Authors: Ramadhan Aldi Luna
Published: July 2020

Sebagai negara yang sedang menyelenggarakan pembangunan, Negara Indonesia membutuhkan dana yang cukup besar dalam menyelenggarakan pembangunan tersebut. Salah satu cara meningkatkan pemasukan Negara salah satunya dapat melakukan pemungutan pajak kepada masyarakat. Bea Perolehan Hak Atas Tanah dan Bangunan (BPHTB) merupakan salah satu pajak yang dipungut oleh Pemerintah Daerah dan digunakan untuk menyelenggarakan pembangunan didaerah. Dalam proses pemungutannya sering kali wajib pajak melakukan pengakuan harga dalam membayar BPHTB. Pengakuan harga yang dimaksud yaitu wajib pajak tidak menghitung dengan dasar pengenaan yang seharusnya yang telah diatur dalam Undang-Undang. Permasalahan mengenai pengakuan harga pun seakan akan diabaikan begitu saja oleh wajib pajak. Metode penelitian skripsi ini adalah penelitian yuridis normative, yaitu penelitian yang difokuskan untuk menganalisa suatu permasalahan hukum terhadap norma-norma atau kaidah-kaidah hukum positif yang berlaku. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa masih ada pelanggaran yang dilakukan oleh wajib pajak terhadap pelaksanaan pembayaran BPHTB. Disarankan untuk wajib pajak agar melakukan pembayaran dengan sebenarbenarnya berdasarkan dengan aturan yang ada serta dapat dilakukan sosialisasi terhadap masyarakat mengenai pentingnya pajak BPHTB dalam pemasukan Negara.
Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Pemberi Keterangan Ahli Dalam Persidangan Dalam Konteks Undang-Undang No 31 Tahun 2014
Authors: Riskinda Fiki Maulana
Published: July 2020

Pembuktian dalam kasus pidana adalah proses persidangan di mana esensi mencari kebenaran materiil (materiile waarheaid) untuk kasus tersebut. bukti dalam memeriksa suatu kasus tidak dapat dipisahkan dari salah satu aspek terpenting dari pembuktian adalah bukti. Salah satu bukti bukti sesuai dengan 184 KUHAP adalah kesaksian ahli, informasi ahli menjadi sangat diperlukan jika informasi peradilan dianggap perlu dengan adanya ahli yang cukup diperhitungkan dalam persidangan, dan bagaimana kategori untuk menjadi ahli,diperlukan pandangan, perlindungan diberikan oleh ahli yang terkandung dalam Undang-Undang No.31 tahun 2014 diberikan kepada seorang ahli, dan bagaimana penerapannya di dunia peradilan, bagaimana penerapan perlindungan ahli berlaku hanya untuk peradilan pidana ataukah di semua peradilan, oleh karena itu perlu untuk memiliki analisis yang lebih mendalam dan komperhensif tentang para ahli yang menyampaikan keterangan ataupun hasil penelitian di pengadilan dan perlindungan yang diberikan kepada seorang ahli.dan apa saja instrumen hukum yang dapat digunakan dalam upaya perlindungan ahli,sehingga upaya perlindungan ahli menjadi maksimal.
Akibat Hukum PTN BH yang Tidak Memenuhi Evaluasi Kinerja
Authors: Sutini Lia
Published: July 2020

Semenjak diundangkannya Undang-undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2012 tentang Pendidikan Tinggi atau yang biasa disebut dengan UU Dikti mengatur bahwa PTN yang berstatus BHMN berubah menjadi PTN BH. Hingga saat ini terdapat 11 perguruan tinggi berstatus sebagai PTN BH disebut sebagai model PTN BH dalam Sistem Pendidikan Tinggi di Indonesia. Namun penetapan status ke-sebelas PTN BH ini mempunyai perbedaan yaitu ada yang ditetapkan langsung dari UU Dikti, ada yang ditetapkan berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah (PP). Kendati demikian pengelolaan 11 PTN BH tersebut sama-sama diatur dalam Peraturan Pemerintah (PP) tentang Statuta masing-masing PTN BH. Setelah resmi menjadi PTN BH, terdapat kewajiban PTN BH yaitu meyusun dan menyampaikan laporan kinerja ke Majelis Wali Amanat (MWA) dan Menteri. Laporan kinerja tersebut lalu akan dievaluasi secara berkala oleh Menteri. Hasil evaluasi kemudian menjadi rujukan PTN BH yang bersangkutan telah memenuhi evaluasi kinerja yang sudah ditetapkan atau tidak. Apabila PTN BH tidak sesuai maka Menteri berhak mengusulkan untuk melakukan perubahan status PTN BH sebagai bentuk sanksi tidak dipenuhinya evaluasi kinerja.
Keberlakuan Sanksi Pidana terhadap Perusahaan yang Tidak Memiliki Izin Menggunakan Tenaga Kerja Asing
Authors: Fairus Ahmad
Published: July 2020

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang tergabung dalam program Masyarakat Ekonomi Asean (MEA). MEA merupakan salah satu komponen yang bertujuan untuk menciptakan kawasan ASEAN yang stabil, makmur dan memiliki daya saing tinggi, kompetitif dengan perkembangan ekonomi yang merata, serta mengurangi angka kemiskinan. Adanya Masyarakat Ekonomi Asean (MEA) pada akhir tahun 2015 menyebabkan arus keluar masuknya tenaga kerja asing (TKA) semakin gencar di Indonesia. Hal tersebut menyebabkan Indonesia wajib untuk beradaptasi dengan berbagai bidang, salah satunya bidang tenaga kerja. Kehadiran tenaga kerja Asing (TKA) yang nantinya akan menduduki jabatan atau kedudukan di perusahaan-perusahaan yang membutuhkan merupakan tantangan yang harus dihadapi oleh tenaga kerja lokal. Dalam Peraturan Presiden No. 20 Tahun 2018 recana penggunaan tenaga kerja asing (RPTKA) sekaligus merupakan izin mempekerjakan TKA. Sedangkan menurut Undang-Undang No. 13 Tahun 2003 Tentang Ketenagakerjaan menyatakan bahwa setiap Tenaga Kerja Asing harus memiliki ijin tertulis dari Menteri atau pejabat yang ditunjuk (IMTA) setelah memiliki RPTKA yang merupakan proses persyaratan yang harus dipenuhi dan akan dikenakan sanksi pidana sesuai dengan Pasal 185 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Ketenagakerjaan jika melanggar ketentuan tersebut.
Wewenang Pemerintah dalam Penentuan Kriteria Tanah Terlantar
Authors: Yunior Lianton Vicco
Published: July 2020

Banyaknya masalah mengenai Tanah Terlantar di Indonesia kini semakin meningkat, pada dasarnya banyak pemilik tanah yang kurang mengerti hukum mengenai pertanahan dan juga pendayagunaan tanahnya. Di dalam hukum tanah nasional yang diatur dalam undang-undang No. 5 Tahun 1960 tentang Peraturan Dasar Pokok Agraria (UUPA), telah ditetapkan bahwa tanah mempunyai fungsi sosial. Dari interpretasi tersebut menjelaskan bahwa Tanah Terlantar bertentangan dengan pengertian tanah sebagai fungsi sosial. Penelitian ini menngunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan melalui pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Pendekatan ini berusaha menjawab terkait keabsahan tindakan pemerintah dalam mengeluarkan keputusan terkait penetapan tanah terlantar. Dan peran pemerintah disini sebagai penyelenggara fungsi pemerintahan, yang mempunyai kewenangan dalam tugasnya untuk mengambil keputusan dan/atau tindakan di bidang pertanahan juga harus berdasar pada peraturan perundang-undangan dan juga harus memperhatikan Asas-Asas Umum Pemerintahan Yang Baik (AUPB) sesuai undang-undang No. 30 Tahun 2014 tentang Administrasi Pemerintahan.
Penghindaran Pajak Pada Potensi Pajak Perjanjian Nominee Dalam Pengalihan Hak Atas Tanah Dan/Atau Bangunan
Authors: Rafif Zulfikar Muhammad
Published: July 2020

Banyaknya badan dan orang asing yang ingin memulai usaha dengan melakukan investasi di Indonesia secara masif menimbulkan suatu fenomena dimana investor tersebut membutuhkan celah untuk mengatasi sistem hukum agrarian yang menganut asas nasionalisme. Salah satu cara yang paling umum dilakukan oleh para investor adalah dengan perjanjan nominee dimana para pihak yakni antara Warga Negara Asing dan Warga Negara Indonesia sebagai pemberi kuasa (nominee) yang dibuat melalui satu paket perjanjian termasuk di dalamnya terdapat perjanjian tambahan, pada hakikatnya bermaksud untuk memberikan segala kewenangan yang mungkin timbul dalam hubungan hukum antara seseorang dengan tanahnya kepada Warga Negara Indonesia selaku penerima kuasa untuk bertindak layaknya seorang pemilik yang sebenarnya dalam hal ini adalah Warga Negara Asing dari sebidang tanah dan atau bangunan. Pada perjanjian tambahan tersebut terdapat potensi penghindaran pajak melalui skema sewa menyewa berupa pajak PPh atas Penghasilan Persewaan Tanah dan/atau Bangungan sebesar 10% yang sudah tertuai dalam Pasal 4 (1) Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 34 Tahun 2017 tentang Pajak Penghasilan atas Penghasilan Dari Persewaan Tanah dan/atau Bangunan. Dan/atau utang piutang berupa pajak penghasilan atas bunga pinjaman sebesar 15% sesuai dengan Pasal 23 (1) Undang – Undang Nomor 38 Tahun 2007 tentang Perubahan Ke Empat Atas Undang – Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 1983 tentang Pajak Penghasilan. Dikarenakan perjanjian tersebut hanya sebatas untuk meminimalisir wanprestasi dan untuk lebih mengikat antara WNA selaku beneficial owner dan WNI selaku nominee.
Analisis Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Gangguan Jiwa pada Tenaga Kerja Indonesia yang Mengalami Deportasi di Kabupaten Nunukan Kalimantan Utara
Authors: Irwansyah Ady , Muljohardjono Hanafi , Konginan Agustina
Published: July 2020

Latar Belakang: Tiap tahun ribuan Tenaga Kerja Indonesia (TKI) dideportasi menuju Shelter Nunukan, Kalimantan Utara, dengan status TKI bermasalah terkait legalitas, terlibat konflik kekerasan fisik, masalah gaji, hingga tidak terpenuhinya hak. TKI korban deportasi mengalami gejala gangguan jiwa, yang dicetuskan dan dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor potensial.Tujuan Penelitian: Menganalisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian gangguan jiwa pada TKI yang mengalami deportasi di Kabupaten Nunukan, Kalimantan Utara.Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini adalah analitik observasional korelasi klinis dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Shelter, Kabupaten Nunukan, Kalimantan Utara, selama bulan Februari – Maret 2018. Subyek yang memenuhi kriteria akan diambil datanya secara total sampling melalui instrumen kuesioner dan dianalisis secara statistik.Hasil Penelitian: Seluruh subyek penelitian, 67 orang, didapatkan  gangguan jiwa, didominasi episode depresif (14,9%), gangguan anxietas menyeluruh (14,9%), dan distimia (13,4%). Hasil Oneway Anova pada variabel religiusitas (Spiritual Well Being; Religious Well Being; Existential Well Being) dan kategori gangguan jiwa, didapatkan berturut-turut nilai p = 0,962; p = 0,853; p = 0,523 (p > 0,05). Hasil uji Fisher’s exact antara variabel tipe kepribadian dengan gangguan kejiwaan didapatkan nilai signifikansi sebesar p=0,306 (p > 0,05). Hasil uji Fisher’s Exact antara variabel dukungan sosial dan gangguan kejiwaan didapatkan nilai signifikansi p=0,686 (p>0,05). Hasil uji Fisher’s Exact variabel stresor psikososial dengan gangguan jiwa, didapatkan nilai signifikansi sebesar p=0,328 (p > 0,05).Simpulan: Seluruh subyek penelitian didapati mengalami gangguan jiwa dengan tipe yang bervariasi. Tidak didapatkan hubungan antara tipe kepribadian, stresor psikososial, dukungan sosial,daan tingkat religiusitas dengan kejadian gangguan jiwa pada Tenaga Kerja Indonesia yang mengalami deportasi di Kabupaten Nunukan, Kalimantan Utara.
Sexual exploitation and violence of prostituted children
Authors: Suyanto Bagong , Hidayat Medhy Aginta , Wadipalapa Rendy Pahrun
Published: July 2020

This study examines sexual exploitation and violence against prostituted children in East Java, Indonesia. Children who are involved in the commercial sex industry are generally prone to become victims of exploitation, violent acts, and other child abuse. This case study employs a qualitative research method to examine the various hardships experienced by prostituted children in East Java, Indonesia. The researchers interviewed ten prostituted children, seven “grey chickens” (female high school students doubling as prostituted children), eight former prostituted children, five pimps, eight procurers, and seven male customers in Surabaya City and Pasuruan Regency. This study found that, in the Indonesian commercial sex industry, prostituted children generally experience severe exploitation and violent acts. The children’s struggle to survive in the Indonesian prostitution business is a challenging condition because of their weak bargaining position: their subordinate status in the Indonesian patriarchal ideology, their weak position as children confronting adults, as well as their low socioeconomic position. The efforts to make policies to prevent exploitation and violence against prostituted children by the government and non-government agencies thus should take into account the conditions of the prostituted children as well as the driving factors for the child prostitution business that takes place in Indonesia.
Police conduct toward complainants of crime: Cross-sectional study of Punjab Police
Authors: Abbas Zaheer , Akram Muhammad Babar , Saud Muhammad
Published: July 2020

The continual debate about the purpose, role, and function of the police for making the well-known organization is of keen interest for scholars. The present study aimed to explore the role of police conduct and its relationship with the complainants of crime in Pakistan’s geographical area. The study utilized a quantitative research design to gather data from the field. A research instrument prepared to collect the data from respondents who have ever interacted with the police. The sample size of 385 respondents selected for the known population and multistage and proportionate random sampling techniques were applied to draw the sample. The study was limited to Gujrat District in Punjab Province, and respondents selected through this universe. The study revealed significant barriers that restrict the police department’s efficiency and gain public trust in them. Theoretically, it was beneficial for elevating Pakistani criminology on the subject and practice; the research provides insights for taking the appropriate measures for better police-public liaison. The study’s findings revealed that the complainants generally agreed that they have limited trust in the police and that political interference is one of the major causes of lack of public trust.
Problems with the implementation of Adat Basandi Syarak Syarak Basandi Kitabullah philosophy
Authors: Asrinaldi Asrinaldi , Yoserizal Yoserizal
Published: July 2020

This study discusses the problems of West Sumatra’s local governments in the practice and implementation of Adat Basandi Syarak Syarak Basandi Kitabullah (ABS-SBK) tradition philosophy in the West Sumatra regional medium-term development plan in 2016-2021. The purpose is to organize the program and activities developed in the regional budget. This study analyzes the ABS-SBK tradition philosophy practice in West Sumatra government administration. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method; moreover, the data collection in this study uses semi-structured interviews related to the practice of ABS-SBK tradition philosophy. This study interviewed 14 informants consisting of customary stakeholders, religious leaders, bureaucrats, academics, women (bundokanduang), and community leaders. In determining the informants, this study uses a purposive sampling method conducted in Agam Regency and Limapuluh Kota Regency in West Sumatra Province. This study found that four factors influence the implementation and practice of the ABS-SBK tradition philosophy in the government level: 1) the absence of apparent ABS-SBK tradition philosophy substance values, 2) the traditional transcendental and profane values of the traditional and sharia institution did not work very well in maintaining and preserving Minangkabau traditional values, 3) the absence of individual consensus and commitment toward ABS-SBK philosophy, and 4) the poor and minimum ABS-SBK tradition philosophy implementation at the government level. People interpret and translate this philosophy according to their understanding since no specific guidelines govern their interaction. This fact is understandable and reasonable since it is part of their life. The same goes for the government level, the absence of the guidelines causes a poor and minimum effort in their development program using ABS-SBK tradition philosophy as the basic. It also leads to a consensus between customary and religious institutions. The government finds it challenging to translate this philosophy into their programs and activities development so that they cannot directly refer their programs to this original philosophy from Minangkabau.
The development of Bojongsari Water Attractions (Owabong)
Authors: Kusumanegara Solahuddin , Soebiantoro M. , Ahdiati Triana
Published: July 2020

The local government of Purbalingga and society develops Owabong to increase their economic condition.  The development has set as a model for other regions. This study aims to describe the policy evaluation of Owabong development as a leading tourist attraction in Purbalingga, Central Java. The study uses a qualitative method with a case-study approach equipped with quantitative data in the form of survey results— the data collected through the observation, in-depth interviews, and document studies. There are 15 informants taken purposively for the interviews, and 76 respondents were randomly selected for the survey sample. The research uses the interactive analysis technique from Miles & Huberman and descriptive statistics analysis to analyze it. The result shows that a low Human Development Index (HDI) associated with a low economic level encourages the government to develop tourism in Purbalingga. The compilation of the particular regulation on Owabong becomes the basis for planning leading tourism development and its implementation compiled by the authorities (87.72%). Based on the regional regulation, the local government, through the regional company of Owabong, succeeds in developing Owabong as a leading tourist attraction and has a positive impact on the local government itself as well as the surrounding communities. Throughout 2016, the regional company of Owabong has contributed to the original regional income of Purbalingga up to 6.684.178.335 IDR. The existence of Owabong has guaranteed business opportunities to the surrounding communities (85%) and increased their income (90%), the level of community support for the existence of Owabong is 100%, the leaders have succeeded in establishing the cooperation of top and bottom line (82.46%). The main factors of being successful are the existence of special regional regulation on leading tourist attractions managed by regional companies, apparatus compliance in carrying out the development as planned, the support from the communities around the tourism object, and leadership. So, the policy of developing tourism through regional regulation before a leading tourist attraction has successfully achieved the goals. In conclusion, the government has succeeded in using social capital as well as the power to reach the goals.
ASPECTOS JURÍDICOS DO MARKETING MULTINÍVEL
Authors: Marques Silva Anderneide , Alves Gonçalves Mota Karine
Published: July 2020

A economia mundial está em constante mudança, na qual estas vem agregando cada vez mais na sociedade. O marketing multinível pode ser considerado como um sistema que vem impactando de forma significativa essa economia, apesar de não ser um modelo de negócio tão recente, somente nos últimos anos que no Brasil esse sistema vem criando mais força, onde empresas que antes atuavam somente com a venda direta, passaram então a agregar o marketing multinível em seu sistema de negócio, majorando de forma expressiva seus resultados. Contudo, junto a essa ascendência, faz-se presente também outro sistema, o de pirâmide financeira. O fato é que, ainda há uma associação desses sistemas como se fossem a mesma coisa. Diante desse problema, este estudo tem por objetivo estabelecer as diferenças entre o marketing multinível e o sistema de pirâmide financeira, como também apontar os aspectos jurídicos que os permeiam. Para construção desse trabalho, foi realizado uma pesquisa de cunho bibliográfico e descritivo. Por fim, o que se pode concluir é que o marketing multinível é um sistema legal, ao contrário do sistema de pirâmide financeira, além de já ser considerado o negócio do século XXI.
Escolas da Ilha de Mosqueiro e a relação com a Educação Especial
Authors: Fernandes Ana Paula Cunha dos Santos , Oliveira Iranildo da Silva
Published: July 2020

O presente artigo é um recorte de uma pesquisa de campo financiada pela FAPESPA/CAPES e objetiva analisar a estrutura e o funcionamento das escolas da ilha de Mosqueiro que relacionam a formação e o trabalho docente na escolarização do aluno público-alvo da Educação Especial, vinculadas ao sistema municipal de ensino de Belém. Realizou-se entrevista semiestruturada com professores da Educação Especial que atuam na sala de recursos multifuncional, professores de sala de aula comum e coordenadores pedagógicos. Os resultados revelam a insuficiência dos recursos materiais; formação dissociada contrapondo o Plano Nacional de Educação 2014-2024 (PNE); planejamento conjunto entre professor de Educação Especial e Sala de aula comum, dentre outros.
Palavras-chave: Educação, Educação Especial, Escolas de Mosqueiro.
 
Mosqueiro Island Schools and the relationship with Special Education
ABSTRACT. This article is an excerpt from a field research funded by FAPESPA/CAPES and aims to analyze the structure and functioning of schools on the island of Mosqueiro that relate the training and the teaching work in the schooling of the target audience of Special Education, linked to the municipal education system in Belém. A semi-structured interview was conducted with Special Education teachers who work in the multifunctional resource room, common classroom teachers and pedagogical coordinators. The results reveal the insufficiency of material resources; dissociated training against the National Education Plan 2014-2024 (PNE); joint planning between Special Education teacher and common classroom, among others.
Keywords: Education, Special Education, Mosqueiro Schools.
 
Escuelas de la Isla Mosqueiro y la relación con la Educación Especial
RESUMEN. Este artículo es un extracto de una investigación de campo financiada por FAPESPA/CAPES y tiene como objetivo analizar la estructura y el funcionamiento de las escuelas en la isla de Mosqueiro que relacionan la capacitación y el trabajo docente en la escolarización del público objetivo de Educación Especial, vinculado al sistema educativo municipal en Belém. Se realizó una entrevista semiestructurada con maestros de educación especial que trabajan en la sala de recursos multifuncionales, maestros comunes de clase y coordinadores pedagógicos. Los resultados revelan la insuficiencia de recursos materiales; formación disociada contra el Plan Nacional de Educación 2014-2024 (PNE); planificación conjunta entre docentes de educación especial y aula común, entre otros. Palabras clave: Educación, Educación Especial, Escuelas de Mosqueiro.
Palabras clave: Educación, Educación Especial, Escuelas de Mosqueiro.
Dossiê Temático: Formação e Trabalho Docente no Campo e Educação Especial: uma interface necessária
Authors: Barbosa Marily Oliveira , Fernandes Ana Paula Cunha dos Santos , Melo Júnior Arlindo Lins de
Published: July 2020

O ano de 2020 tem dentre seus registros a Pandemia do novo coronavírus (COVID 19) - uma doença causada pelo coronavírus SARS-CoV-2, que apresenta um quadro clínico que varia de infecções assintomáticas a quadros respiratórios graves – que também atingiu ferozmente os povos do campo, reacendendo a desigualdade e que impacta pela devassidão. Nosso agradecimento a todos que lutaram veementemente por seu povo, suas terras, suas identidades, quer professor, trabalhador rural, alunos, pais ou lideranças.
De modo singular, unimo-nos a Revista Brasileira de Educação do Campo e apresentamos esse dossiê que aborda a Educação Especial e a Educação do Campo. A Educação Especial é uma modalidade de educação escolar que perpassa todos seus níveis e modalidades e que deve ser ofertada preferencialmente na rede regular de ensino para alunos com deficiência, transtornos globais de desenvolvimento e altas habilidades/superdotação. Já a Educação do Campo destina-se ao atendimento das populações do campo, como: agricultores familiares, assalariados, assentados da Reforma Agrária, remanescentes de quilombolas, ribeirinhos, caiçaras, indígenas e tantos outros que vivem do e no campo. A interface entre Educação Especial e Educação do Campo, sobretudo, no que tange à formação e trabalho docente impõe a comunidade acadêmica o desafio de pensar a educação de sujeitos cujas demandas sociais foram recentemente colocadas nas agendas públicas.
Os artigos desse dossiê foram organizados de maneira encadeada a fim de que se somem em conhecimento e experiências. Ao todo são onze artigos desta instigante temática que perpassa pela formação de professores, currículo, prática pedagógica e as políticas educacionais da educação básica ao superior.
Asymmetric properties of heart rate microstructure
Authors: Guzik Przemysław , Piskorski Jarosław
Published: July 2020

The duration of each cardiac cycle is measured on ECG as the distance between the peaks of consecutive R waves (RR interval). Its inverse value corresponds to the heart rate (HR) changing in a beat-to-beat manner. HR accelerations are reflected as the shortenings of RR intervals while HR decelerations as the lengthening of RR intervals. HR asymmetry is a physiological phenomenon caused by an unequal input of HR decelerations and accelerations to the HR variability. Naturally occurring consecutive values of RR intervals create time series which are composed of acceleration and deceleration runs of different length. Some examples are a single HR acceleration, a pair of HR decelerations, a run consisting of five consecutive HR decelerations or a run composed of eight accelerations in a row. These runs make up the so-called heart rate microstructure that has asymmetric properties due to unequal contribution of acceleration and deceleration runs. Asymmetry of HR microstructure is a physiological finding in healthy people. However, the asymmetric properties of HR microstructure have been shown to significantly alter in some clinical conditions such as myocardial infarction, obstructive sleep apnea, chronic obturatory pulmonary disease or sepsis in infants. An abnormal HR microstructure has predictive value in survivors of myocardial infarction or patients with clinical indications for exercise treadmill stress test, e.g., for total mortality. In this review, we present and explain how the asymmetric properties of HR microstructure can be quantified, and summarise available data on the clinical and predictive value of this phenomenon and its analysis.
A Critical Discourse Analysis of News Construction on Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia’s Disbandment
Authors: Listianingsih Saptorini
Published: July 2020

This study uses van Dijk’s version of Critical Discourse Analysis perspective to examine the news construction of Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia’s disbandment in two online newspapers. The two online newspapers used in this study are the Jakarta Post and Jakarta Globe. From the analysis, it shows us that based on textual analysis, the government and HTI are portrayed as two opposing parties. The government is described as ruling regime having authority to maintain national interests that is Pancasila as well as national unity, diversity, and security, while HTI is described as the organization against national interest. Thus, the disbandment of HTI is a correct step to defend national interests. This is in accordance with the developing discourse in society that the existence of HTI is considered to endanger Pancasila. Furthermore, this research revealed that the history, vision mission, previous experience and the political interest of special political elites in media has had decisive influence in transforming reality into news texts.
Diversificação e Elasticidade das Fontes de Recursos dos Estados Brasileiros e suas Relações com os Déficits de Arrecadação
Authors: Bartoluzzio Alann Inaldo Silva de Sá , Rodrigues Sabrina Vasconcelos Mota , Dos Anjos Luiz Carlos Marques
Published: July 2020

Os déficits recorrentes e a dependência de recursos oriundos de transferências intergovernamentais são desafios que demandam uma discussão sobre o atual modelo de planejamento da receita pública, assim como alternativas que possibilitem previsões mais equilibradas. Nesse sentido, a pesquisa buscou verificar os papéis e a influência da diversificação e da elasticidade da receita corrente na ocorrência e magnitude dos déficits de arrecadação. Para tanto, foram utilizados dados da previsão e arrecadação das receitas orçamentárias dos estados brasileiros entre 2008 e 2016, analisados por meio de modelos Logit e Tobit com Dados em Painel. Os resultados evidenciam baixa diversificação da receita própria, indicando a dependência de fontes específicas de recursos. Esse resultado é reforçado com a análise da elasticidade das receitas, que não acompanham o crescimento da renda pessoal do estado, reforçando a sujeição por recursos oriundos das transferências intergovernamentais na manutenção das suas atividades e atendimento das demandas sociais.
Continuing Medical Education among resident physicians in Abha , Saudi Arabia : Current Practice and Existing Gaps
Authors: Alsaleem Safar , Almoalwi Najwa , Siddiqui. Aesha Farheen , Alsaleem Mohammed A , Alsamghan Awad S , Mahfouz Ahmed A
Published: July 2020

Background: Continuing Medical Education (CME) is concerned with the maintenance, improvement, and promotion of the health care and exhausts the physicians’ working life-span. Although international research is extensive, only a dearth of studies exists in Saudi Arabia and the Middle East. This study aims to explore CME practices of resident physicians in Abha City, south western Saudi Arabia and the existing gaps.Method: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based descriptive study conducted on residents training in various health-care facilities in Abha city. Results: Three-hundred resident physicians participated in the study (response rate of 75%). Out of them 79,7% (239) reported attending lectures and seminars for their CME needs followed by those who attended case presentations 39.7% (119). Electronic CMEs were used by a minority of residents (n = 24, 8%), and only 27.3% (n = 82,) attended journal clubs. Being busy was the main barrier against self-reading as reported by 70.7% (212) of participants, and by 51.7 % (155) for lectures and seminars, and 41.3% (124) for attending courses. There were no significant differences in satisfaction with CME activities by gender, nationality and training level (p = 0.982, 0.924, and 0.540, respectively). Satisfaction scores with CME activities were variable across different specialties (p = 0.039). The lowest satisfaction scores were among psychiatry residents and the highest was among the restorative dentistry and surgery residents. Workshops and courses were significantly perceived by residents as the most effective method in retention of knowledge, improving attitudes, improving clinical skills, improving managerial skills, and in proving practice behaviors. On the other hand, inter-departmental activities were significantly perceived by residents as most effective in improving academic skills and improving departmental image.Conclusion: The participant physicians favoured contact CME activities. In consistence with global research findings, being busy was the main barrier against CME goals attainment. Participants affirmed that CME activities improved their clinical practice, clinical skills and academic skills. Promotion of online learning in Saudi Arabia. Support of residents with protected time for their CME activities. Encouragement of trainees into further advice about their preference in terms of CME forms to help boost their engagement.
Psychiatric, Cognitive Functioning and Socio-cultural Views of Menstrual Psychosis in Oman: An Idiographic Approach
Authors: Al-Sibani Nasser , Al-Maqbali Mandhar , Mahadevan Sangeetha , Al-Huseni Salim , Al-Muzeni Muna , Al-Adawi Samir
Published: July 2020

Background: Most documented cases of menstrual psychosis have been from Euro-American populations with reports from cross-cultural populations being only a few in number. Objective: To determine whether the cyclical/episodic nature of menstrual psychosis among case series observed at a tertiary care unit in Oman fulfills the diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) and diverge into Brockington’s sub-types (World Psychiatry. 2005;4(1):9-17). Related aims were to solicit measures of psychometric functioning of those with menstrual psychosis and narrated idioms of distress. Results: The spectrum of distress among people with menstrual psychosis does not fit existing psychiatric nosology. Evaluations revealed that a majority of the participants displayed something akin to morbid phenomena relating to manic and psychotic symptoms. In the parlance of traditional Omani society, this would be termed “spirit possession”. In terms of classification by timing within the menstrual cycle as expounded by Brockington, the present case series in Oman fulfilled the definition of catamenial psychosis and paramenstrual psychosis. With regard to psychometric function, all participants performed adequately on indices of intellectual functioning but appeared to have impairments in neuropsychological functioning, including the dimensions of processing speed, episodic memory, and executive functioning. Within the given society, the periodicity of mind alteration has been attributed to spirit possession. Conclusions: This is one of the first case series of its kind in the country elucidating whether the manifestation of menstrual psychosis among individuals in Oman fulfills the subtypes postulated by Brockington. The present case series suggests that menstrual psychosis is marked with neuropsychological impairments that were previously observed in other phasic manic episodes or brief psychotic disorders.
Measuring and reducing biofilm in mosquito rearing containers
Authors: Hunt Catherine , Collins Catherine Matilda , Benedict Mark Q.
Published: July 2020

Background: Mosquito rearing containers contain organic-rich water that nourishes numerous bacteria, some of which are capable of forming biofilms. Biofilm is broadly an extracellular polymeric matrix (EPS) in which living bacteria occur, and the accumulation of biofilm is possible during routine stock-keeping as most of these containers are re-used. Whether biofilm has an effect on the mosquito rearing is not a question that has been investigated, nor have measures to reduce biofilm in this context been systematically studied. Methods: We measured biofilm accumulation in standard rearing containers by staining with crystal violet and determining the OD using a spectrophotometer. We also treated rearing containers with 0.1% sodium hypochlorite to determine its effectiveness in reducing biofilm abundance. Lastly, we performed an analysis of the relationship between the occurrence of biofilm and the likelihood of microbial blooms that were associated with larval death during trials of larval diets. Results: We observed that soaking rearing containers overnight in 0.1% sodium hypochlorite greatly reduced biofilm, but we observed no relationship between the use of containers that had not been treated with bleach and subsequent microbial blooms.Conclusions: Larva rearing leaves detectable biofilm. While we were unable to correlate microbial blooms with the presence of biofilm, as a precaution, we recommend that plastic containers that are re-used be treated with 0.1% sodium hypochlorite bleached occasionally.
Multi-Methodical Study of Early Modern Age Archaeological Glazed Ceramics from Prague
Authors: Kloužková Alexandra , Kohoutková Martina , Kolářová Mária , Blažková Gabriela , Šefců Radka , Dvořáková Pavla , Kmoníčková Martina Bajeux
Published: July 2020

A series of scientific methods (X-ray analyses, optical and electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and thermal analyses) was used to research the ceramic bodies and glazes of forty vessels from Renaissance Prague. The set of Early Modern Age archaeological glazed ceramics contained tableware, kitchenware and technical ceramics. The main aim was to characterise ceramic materials and glazes used over two centuries. Attention was also paid to the identification of defects and corrosion products of the glazes. The research was conducted with an emphasis on the context of the original use of the ceramic artefacts and the environment of the waste pits from which they were excavated. The archaeological finds include three technical ceramic vessels (a rectifier, a bowl and a jar), which together could have formed a distillation apparatus. Since these vessels represent a rare finding, they were subjected to a detailed investigation. Based on the similarity of ceramic bodies and glazes, it was proved that the three technical ceramic vessels were made in the same workshop and were parts of one distillation apparatus. The results of the performed analyses determined that the studied vessels were manufactured from raw materials with a high content of a plastic component and that the raw materials did not change significantly during the period from the 15th to 18th centuries. The firing temperature of most of the vessels did not exceed 1000 °C. It was proved that all the glazes were medium- or high-lead content glazes and were coloured with ionic pigments.
Sexual dimorphism and sex-biased gene expression in an egg parasitoid species, Anastatus disparis
Authors: Liu P.C. , Hao DeJun , Hu Hao-Yuan , Wei Jian-Rong
Published: July 2020

Background: Differences in the expression of genes present in both sexes are assumed to contribute to sex differences including behavioural, physiological and morphological dimorphisms. For enriching our knowledge of gender differences in an important egg parasitoid wasp, Anastatus disparis (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae), sex-biased differences in gene expression were investigated using Illumina-based transcriptomic analysis. Results: A total of 15812 resulting unigenes were annotated, and a large set of genes accounting for 50.09% of the total showed sex-biased expression and included 630 sex-specific genes. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analyses showed that the functional categories associated with sex-biased genes were mainly related to reproduction. In addition, the transcriptome data provided evidence that sex pheromones in A. disparis are produced by the female, and activity of D12-desaturases appear to have been replaced by D9-desaturases playing roles in sex pheromone production. The large set of sex-biased genes identified in this study provide a molecular background for sexually dimorphic traits such as flyability, longevity, and aggression in this species and suggests candidate venom proteins expressed only in females that could be used for biological control.Conclusions: This study provides comprehensive insight into sexually dimorphic traits of a parasitoid wasp and can inform future research into the molecular mechanisms underlying such traits and the application of parasitoids to the biological control of pest species.