bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examining Children's Interests in Divorce Conflict Resolution from an Islamic Family Law Perspective
Authors: Rahayu Iin
Published: August 2024

This research discusses the importance of taking into account the interests of children in the context of divorce from the perspective of Islamic family law. In divorce, children are often the vulnerable parties and are often direct witnesses to their parents' conflict, which can adversely affect their well-being physically, emotionally and psychologically. Although Islamic family law provides clear guidelines on children's rights, its implementation in practice is often complex and influenced by cultural, social and economic factors. This article explores how children's interests can be preserved and prioritized in the resolution of divorce conflicts according to Islamic family law, as well as the challenges and obstacles faced in implementing these principles. The research methods used include literature review, case studies, interviews and document analysis. The results of this research are expected to provide a more comprehensive understanding of how children's interests are championed in divorce from an Islamic family law perspective, as well as provide a stronger foundation for the development of legal policies and practices that favor the protection and welfare of children. To fulfill the objectives of this research, a qualitative method was used involving in-depth analysis of Islamic legal literature, case studies, interviews, and document analysis. The results of this research include an in-depth understanding of children's interests, analysis of legal practices, identification of challenges and barriers, recommendations for policy and practical action, contribution to academic literature, raising public awareness, developing a model approach based on child welfare, and influence on public policy. In conclusion, this research makes a significant contribution to understanding and protecting children's interests in divorce from an Islamic family law perspective, and provides direction for policies and practices that are more responsive to the protection and welfare of children.
Penalaran Dalil Ibn Hazm
Authors: Satria Zaki
Published: August 2024

Ibn Hazm berketurunan Persia, yaitu kakeknya Yazid berasal dari negri itu. Ibn Hazm dibesarkan dalam lingkungan keluarga kaya dan mempunyai status yang terhormat. Namun Ibn Hazm lebih tertaarik kepada ilmu, bukan kepada harta dan kemegahan, Ibn Hazm menghafal Alquran di istananya sendiri yang diajarkan oleh inang pengasuhnya. Kemudian dia diserahkan kepada seorang pendidik bernama Abdul Husen bin Ali al-FasiDari definisi ijtihad yang dinyatakan Ibn Hazm tersebut maka terdapat perbedaan yang sangat prinsipil dengan definisi ijtihad yang dikemukakan oleh para ulama lainnya. Untuk mempecahkan persoalan-persoalam yang belum diterjemahkan oleh Alquran, sunnah serta ijma’, Ibn Hazm mengembangkan konsep al-istishab, yakni menghukumkan atau menetapkan hukum mubah sebagai hukum asal bagi segala sesuatuAkibat dari pendekatan ijtihadnya yang berbeda, maka banyak pula hasil pendapat hukum yang berbeda dengan pendapat hukum kebanyakan ulama. Beberapa pendapat tersebut adalah Kebijakan (tasarruf) yang berkaitan dengan hak waris dan hibah misalnya, yang dilakukan oleh seorang yang dalam keadaan sakit, dalam hal ini sakit yang membawa kepada mati yang bersangkutan, adalah sah dan memiliki akibat hukum sebagaimana orang yang sehat.sedangkan menurut jumhur ulama hal tersebut tidak dapat dinyatakan sah.Sumber hukum menurut Ibn Hazm adalah Alquran, al-Sunnah dan Ijma’ para sahabat, dan al-Dalil, dengan menerapkan hukum-hukum yang dzahir, yaitu mengambil makna yang terlintas dihati sewaktu menyebut makna lafaz tanpa meneliti ‘illatnya dan tanpa mengisyaratkan sesuatu padanya.
Penerapan PAIKEM Dalam Mata Pelajaran Fiqih pada MTsN 5 Lhoong Kabupaten Aceh Besar
Authors: Hazal Fitri Hazal Fitri , Sarniyati Yusmanita Sarniyati Yusmanita
Published: August 2024

Pendidikan adalah proses untuk merancang out put siswa sehingga mereka dapat beradaptasi sebaik mungkin dengan lingkungan dan memiliki pengetahuan dan wawasan yang luas. Tanpa pendidikan, kehidupan manusia tidak akan pernah maju dan berkembang. Sukses pengajaran tidak hanya tergantung pada guru yang menguasai materi tetapi juga sangat banyak pada bagaimana guru menggunakan metode yang benar. Dalam hal ini, penulis mengangkat judul tentang penerapan PAIKEM dalam pembelajaran Fiqih. Tetapi apa yang menjadi rumus dari masalah ini adalah sebagai berikut: pertama, bagaimana menerapkan strategi PAIKEM pada subyek fiqih di MTsN 5 Lhoong Aceh Besar; kedua, faktor apa yang menjadi pendukung dan penghambat untuk implementasi PAIKEN dalam subjek Fiqi di MTsN 5 Lhuong Aceh besar; dan ketiga, apa saja upaya yang dilakukan oleh guru Fiqih dan stakeholder sekolah dalam mengaplikasikan PAIKEK di Mts N 5 Lhong Aceh Besar. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan metode deskriptif dari analisis kualitatif dan alat pengumpulan data seperti wawancara, observasi, dan studi, serta dokumentasi. Lokasi penelitiannya disesuaikan dengan MTS N 5 Lhong Ace Besar. Di antara hal-hal lain: (a) mata pelajaran fiqh yang lebih praktis; (b) umumnya, siswa mempelajari buku di malam hari di ruang tamu dan di tepi pantai; (c) minat tinggi siswa dalam belajar fiqih; (d) dukungan orang tua dalam studi agama; (e) sekolah terletak jauh dari kerumunan dan pasar. Ketiga, upaya yang dilakukan oleh guru Fiqih dalam implementasi PAIKEM di MTsN 5 Lhoong Aceh Besar adalah melalui analisis siswa, menentukan tujuan belajar, memilih metode, penggunaan media, administrasi kelas, dan evaluasi proses belajar.
OPTIMISATION OF A NEEM OIL BASED MINIMUM QUANTITY LUBRICATING (MQL) SYSTEM PARAMETERS FOR THE ORTHOGONAL MACHINING OF MILD STEEL
Authors: Gaminana J. O. , Muyideen O. A. , Adebisi A. A.
Published: August 2024

Cutting tools experience early failure and dimensional variation due to the high temperature developed
during machining. Conventional cutting fluid applications do not successfully remove heat because they do
not reach the chip-tool contact. Operators on the work floor may experience the adverse side effects of
cutting fluids, such as skin and respiratory issues. As a result, a different lubricating method is necessary
for machining without harming the tool-workpiece, which would also be advantageous for health and the
economy. This research aims to develop and evaluate the efficiency and optimization of minimal use of
Neem seed oils as lubrication for the Taguchi L9 array-based design for machining of mild steel. The
Taguchi optimization technique was used to examine the impact of the neem oil based Minimum quantity
lubrication (MQL) system (with flow rate, air pressure and nozzle diameter as factors) on the workpiece
temperature and chip thickness ratio at cutting speeds of 260 rpm and 470 rpm. The outcome demonstrated
that optimal settings at 260 rpm were a flow rate of 50 ml/hr, air pressure of 1.5 bars, and nozzle diameter
of 0.8 mm for workpiece temperature, and a flow rate of 100 ml/hr, air pressure of 1 bar, and nozzle
diameter of 0.8 mm for chip thickness ratio. At 470 rpm, optimal settings for workpiece temperature were
a flow rate of 50 ml/hr, air pressure of 1.5 bars, and nozzle diameter of 0.5 mm, while chip thickness ratio
optimization indicated a flow rate of 100 ml/hr, air pressure of 1 bar, and nozzle diameter of 0.5 mm.
GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION EFFECTS ON THE MECHANICAL AND CORROSION BEHAVIOUR OF BIODEGRADABLE METALLIC BIOMATERIALS
Authors: Obayi C. S. , Tolouei Ranna , Nnamchi P.S. , Amalu N.I. , Mantovani Diego
Published: August 2024

Maintaining a balance between mechanical and corrosion behaviours is a big challenge in the design and development of metallic biomaterials for biodegradable medical implant application. A current strategy to overcome this challenge is through grain refinement techniques as corrosion rate and mechanical properties of polycrystalline metals are significantly affected by average grain size. Recent studies suggest that grain size distribution (gsd) can also influence dissolution and mechanical behaviours of polycrystalline metals. This work investigated the effect of grain size deviation on the corrosion and mechanical behaviours of pure iron, one of the most studied biometallic materials for biodegradable medical implant application with a view to utilizing the outcome in controlling and adjusting these properties. Thermomechanical processing route of cold rolling and annealing was used to induce different average grain sizes and grain size distributions in pure iron. The grain sizes and gsd were measured with optical microscope. The mechanical properties of yield strength and ductility were evaluated using tensile testing while the corrosion rates were determined in Hank’s solution, a near-neutral (pH~7.4) simulated physiological fluid, using weight loss and potentiodynamic polarization methods. The results demonstrate that the corrosion rate decreases and the yield strength increases as the grain size distribution decreases and vice versa. An increase in gsd is accompanied by an increase in residual stress, which lowers strength, but increases corrosion rate due to more active sites of low activation energy. This finding could enable the optimization of mechanical and corrosion properties of biodegradable metallic biomaterials.
Understanding The Limitations Of Human Rights In Indonesia
Authors: Arief Fahmi Lubis
Published: August 2024

Every individual bears the responsibility of honoring the rights of others within the context of national and state life. This research aims to illustrate that while exercising their rights and freedoms, individuals are obligated to adhere to legal constraints. This adherence is intended to ensure the acknowledgment and respect for the rights and freedoms of others, as well as to fulfill equitable demands in alignment with moral considerations, security imperatives, and the maintenance of public order within a democratic society. This study employs a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach. The systematic, factual, and timely data collection is conducted following the research framework and objectives. The findings suggest that the current conceptualization of limitations on human rights may evolve in the future. The crucial question now pertains to how advocates for a shift in thought construction can effectively leverage the constitutional mechanisms available to them.
Law Enforcement Efforts Against Criminal Offences Of Fraud Based On Online / Electronic Transactions
Authors: Satria Muhammad  , Syiful Asmi Hasibuan
Published: August 2024

Fraudulent acts are currently flourishing following the era and technology advancement. Laws and regulations are made to anticipate this, but the existing laws and regulations seem like unable to combat the crime amid their increase in occurrences. This research aims to: firstly, to identify law enforcement against the e-commerce-based frauds; and secondly, to identify the obstacles in criminal law enforcement against e-commerce- based frauds. This research was conducted by using normative juridical method through literature research by examining secondary data including legislation, research results, scientific journals and references. The research results describe that the e-commerce- based fraudulent acts in principle are similar to the conventional frauds but differ in the evidences or means of action as the latter uses electronic systems (computers, internet, telecommunications equipment). Therefore, the legal enforcement against this kind of frauds is still under the applicability of the Indonesian Criminal Code and the Law No. 19 of 2016 regarding Amendments to the Law No. 11 of 2008 regarding Information and Electronic Transactions. Further, the law enforcement against the fraudulent acts in electronic-based transactions has been prevented at least by the following five factors, the laws and regulations, law enforcers, infra-structure or facilities that support the law enforcement, community and cultural factors.
Legal Review Of The Rights Of Child Prisoners At The Lubuk Pakam Correctional Institution
Authors: Bisbon Sibutar-Butar  , Yasmirah Mandasari Saragih
Published: August 2024

Children in conflict with the law (ABH) who enter the detention center still have the right to be protected by law. So that legal protection for ABH is very important to run. that the existence of a child protection must be sought if we want to seek national development that can be satisfactory. Therefore, to strengthen the legal protection of children even if they are already in detention, there are several regulations that apply in the ius constitutum in Indonesia. The regulation according to the doctrine is called Child Law, which is a set of legal regulations governing children. This research is descriptive analysis. Data collection is carried out using documentation studies where all secondary data used in this study are collected using library research. Data processing is carried out to facilitate the analysis of data that has been obtained in accordance with the problems studied. Data analysis used in this research is qualitative analysis. Qualitative analysis is a specification of the nature of research to examine between theory and practice on the protection and rights of child prisoners at Lubuk Pakam Correctional Institution. Special coaching institutions are regulated in Law Number 3 of 1997 concerning juvenile courts article 61 paragraph (2), Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System article 82 paragraph (1), and Law Number 23 of 2002 Article 9 paragraph (1) concerning child protection where in the education system provided to juvenile prisoners in accordance with their interests and talents, juvenile prisoners are entitled to obtain their rights such as education just like children who are not in conflict with the law or loss of independence in accordance with their interests and talents, and if there are juvenile prisoners who have abilities from others will get special education.
The Role and Function Of Pretrial In Criminal Law Enforcement
Authors: Dinda Ayu Ramadhani  , Rahul Ardian Fikri  , H. Abdul Razak Nasution
Published: August 2024

Corruption is a problem that needs to be taken seriously and is a legal issue in every country in the world, including Indonesia. The disease of corruption is increasingly rampant. The seriousness of the government in overcoming criminal acts of corruption is the establishment of Law Number 31 of 1999 as amended by Law Number 20 of 2001 concerning Eradication of Corruption Crimes. The formulation of the problem discussed in writing this thesis is Regarding the Application of the Criminal Act of Assistance in corruption. The research method used in writing this thesis is a research method carried out with a Normative Juridical Approach, namely Legal Principles and referring to Legal Norms contained in the library research method (library research), namely conducting research using data from various reading sources such as Laws - Invitations, books, magazines and the internet which are considered relevant to the problems that the author will discuss in this thesis. The assistance of corruption crimes committed by Widjokongko Puspoyo who helped Widjanarko Puspoyo receive gifts from Bulog partners caused Widjokongko Puspoyo to be punished for violating Article 11 Law No. 20 of 2001 concerning changes to Law no. 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Corruption in conjunction with Article 15 of Law no. 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Corruption in conjunction with Article 56 1 of the Criminal Code. Assistance in Corruption Crimes is regulated in Article 15 of Law No. 31 of 1999, in this article it states that the act of assisting corruption will be punished the same as the perpetrators of corruption in accordance with the provisions in Law No. 31 of 1999 as has been amended by Law No. 20 of 2001 concerning the Eradication of Corruption Crimes. In Article 15 Criminal Responsibility for Assistance Crimes in corruption cases is seen from the extent to which the act of assisting the Corruption Crime was carried out. In determining the amount of punishment for the assistant to the criminal act of corruption, it can be seen from the articles violated by the assistant to the criminal act of corruption
The Criminal Offence of Child Maltreatment By Parents in Terms of Child Protection
Authors: Rivando Sembiring  , Syaiful Asmi Hasibuan
Published: August 2024

This study aims to analyze and describe the crime of child abuse by parents in terms of child protection aspects. Current developments bring about the evils that society suffers from: violent crimes and maltreatment. One of the most common are crimes involving child victims. Such cases are known as child abuse. Two main problems arise from this declaration. That is, the regulation of criminal sanctions for criminal acts committed by parents and legal protection of children who are abused within the meaning of the Child Protection Act. This investigation uses a normative legal investigation type with a legal and conceptual approach. This research is included in normative research, which is sourced from primary legal materials. Data were collected by using literature and document study methods. The results show that. The imposition of criminal sanctions on criminal acts committed by parents if they meet the elements of Article 76C are child protection against abuse of political activities, involvement in armed conflict, involvement in social unrest, involvement in cases. From Law. Elements of violence, involvement in war and sex crimes.
Legal Analysis Of The Regulation Of Intellectual Property Rights In The Creative Industry Review From An International Legal Perspective
Authors: Simson Lasi
Published: August 2024

The creative industry is a sector that is growing rapidly in this era of globalization, but the development of the creative industry also poses challenges in protecting Intellectual Property Rights. This research aims to analyze the regulation of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) in the creative industry from an international legal perspective. The research method used is a normative approach by examining various international legal instruments related to Intellectual Property Rights (IPR). The research results show that the regulation of Intellectual Property Rights in the creative industry still has weaknesses and challenges, especially in terms of law enforcement and protection of copyrights, patents and brands. This research provides recommendations for improving legal regulations related to intellectual property rights in the creative industry, including increasing international cooperation and more effective law enforcement.
Differences In Interpretation Between The District KPU And BAWASLU Of Gorontalo District Related To Administrative Violations Of The 2020 Regional Elections In Gorontalo District
Authors: Nuna Moh. Maskun , Moonti Roy Marthen , Kadir Yusrianto , Bunga Marten , Kasim Muslim
Published: August 2024

The purpose of the research is to find out the causes of differences in interpretation between the Gorontalo Regency KPU and Bawaslu Gorontalo Regency regarding administrative violations of the 2020 elections in Gorontalo Regency and how the process of resolving administrative violations of the 2020 elections in Gorontalo Regency by the Gorontalo Regency KPU and Bawaslu Gorontalo Regency. This research uses two legal research methods, namely: Normative and empirical legal research to find answers to the differences in interpretation between the KPU and Bawaslu Gorontalo Regency regarding administrative violations of the 2020 Pilkada in Gorontalo Regency. The difference in interpretation between the Regency KPU and Bawaslu Gorontalo Regency regarding administrative violations is caused by overlapping statutory provisions. Where in Law Number 10 Year 201 concerning Pilkada, the two institutions are given the authority to examine and decide administrative violations, then the two institutions in deciding administrative violations have their own guidelines where Bawaslu is guided by Perbawaslu while the KPU itself is guided by KPU Regulations. This certainly does not provide legal certainty for justice seekers in election administration violations and the process of resolving administrative violations in the 2020 Pilkada in Gorontalo Regency, namely through DKPP and Constitutional Court decisions. We do not have to face different decisions between the two institutions because DKPP is an ethical judicial institution while the Constitutional Court is a legal judicial institution. Although there has been a decision from the Constitutional Court, it does not change the DKPP's decision because until now there has been no ethics court to appeal the DKPP's decision.
Bimbingan Mengelola Keuangan dan Strategi Pemasaran UMKM di Kota Ternate
Authors: Rizki Wahyu Utami Ohorella  , Sheila Kusumaningrum  , Mahardika Catur Putriwana Malik  , Suwito Suwito
Published: August 2024

Lack of capital and knowledge of technological development to raise capital, the purpose of this service activity is to provide guidance to MSME actors in Ternate city, the method used is FDG, and at the same time direct guidance to fostered MSME actors. The activity participants who attended were 30 people at the implementation of the service. good financial management and effective marketing strategies, MSEs in Ternate City can improve their business performance and contribute more to the national economy. Therefore, continuous training and mentorship are needed to support the growth and sustainability of the MSMEs in Ternate City.
Pengembangan Produk Agribisnis Unggulan Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Di Desa Batuputih Laok Kecamata Batuputih Kabupaten Sumenep
Authors: Ribut Santosa  , Purwati Ratna Wahyuni  , Amir Hamzah  , Bambang Hermanto
Published: August 2024

This community service aims to develop superior agribusiness products based on local wisdom in Batuputih Laok Village, Batuputih Subdistrict, Sumenep Regency. The implementation method includes five main stages: needs identification and analysis, program and action plan development, training and counseling, program implementation, and monitoring, evaluation, and follow-up. The results show a significant increase in agricultural productivity and quality due to the integration of modern agricultural technology with local knowledge. Corn productivity increased by 30%, and the quality of tobacco produced improved, leading to higher selling prices. Support from the government, research institutions, the private sector, and active community participation were key factors in the program's success. In conclusion, this program successfully improved farmers' welfare and strengthened the village's agribusiness capacity sustainably.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa Kandri Melalui Pembuatan Pupuk Kulit Durian sebagai Paket Wisata Edukasi di Omah Pinter Petani
Authors: Intan Fatihatul Wahidah  , Damai Sinar Pertiwi  , Ervando Tommy Al Hanif
Published: August 2024

Community empowerment through community-based tourism is applied in the tourism village concept. Omah Pinter Petani is one of the tourist destinations developed through the concept of a Tourism Village in the City of Semarang. OPP has an agricultural educational tourism concept. The aim of this research is to examine the sustainability of Community Empowerment in making educational tour packages on durian skin fertilizer. By applying three methods, namely community empowerment, local potential base, and comprehensive activities. This has been carried out in the form of socialization, training and program realization, and monitoring and evaluation. With the results of processing durian skin waste combined with agricultural outbound activities as a tourism package at Omah Pinter Petani with the name 'Mas Duren'.
Women Empowerment Through Girls Go Beyond Training In Teknokrat University
Authors: Shana Makhmood Khan  , Hj Tien Yulianti
Published: August 2024

Teknokrat University established the 'Girls Go Beyond' training program in response to the obstacles that many teen girls in Indonesia experience, notably in terms of access to education and opportunity. This program seeks to empower young women by providing them with the necessary skills, tools, and knowledge to successfully navigate their futures. The purpose is to make teenage girls develop a grasp of their innate skills and legal rights, allowing them to make educated life decisions. The program uses a variety of educational technologies, including WhatsApp, Google Classroom, and Google Forms, to deliver information and create interactive learning experiences. Through this campaign, teen girls aged 17-19 from the university's first semester cohort can learn about their rights, make informed decisions, and express themselves freely. This abstract summarizes the training program's aims and the participation of 39 female students, emphasizing the necessity of encouraging young women to reach their full potential.
Sistem Klampid New Generation Secara Mandiri Dalam Mengentaskan Permasalahan Pengurusan Kependudukan Dan Pencatatan Sipil Surabaya
Authors: Andrew Baihaqi Firdaus  , Mei Retno Adiwaty
Published: August 2024

Surabaya, one of the major cities in Indonesia, has shown progress in the implementation of e-government, particularly in the field of population services. The Surabaya City Government has developed the Klampid New Generation application to make it easier for the community to manage population administration online. The implementation of e-government in Surabaya is based on regional regulations that provide a strong legal basis for developing digital population services. The development of the Klampid New Generation application is a manifestation of the Surabaya City Government's commitment to realizing digital transformation in the field of population administration.
Pengaruh Kegiatan Peningkatan Minat Baca Diera Digitalisasi, dengan menggunakkan E-Book Secara Gratis di SMP Negeri 3 Tasik Payawan di Desa Hiang Bana
Authors: Aisya Fadila  , Akmal Adib Rahman  , Dendi Fransisko  , Hefi Hefi  , Jefny Afshera  , Julita Julita  , Leo Arya P  , Maya Anggraini C  , Messy Messy  , Rana Mustika  , Silvi Melinatha  , Stefanya Ketauraceta  , Yayu Yayu  , Yeheski Andre D  , Murniyati Yanur
Published: August 2024

This journal discusses the influence of activities to increase interest in reading in the era of digitalization, by using free e-books at SMP Negeri 3 Tasik Payawan in Hiang Bana Village. Interest in reading is a basic element in developing individual literacy. Literacy does not focus on aspects of reading and writing, but on the skills to understand, analyze and interpret information conveyed through writing. This socialization aims to increase reading interest in using e-books so that students can use them easily in the current era of digitalization. This activity was carried out by the KKN 105 team at Palangka Raya University. The socialization activity was held on Wednesday, August 7 2024. The activity started at 07.30 WIB until finished. Results and discussion of the implementation of activities by the Palangka Raya University KKN 105 team for Tasik Payawan Middle School 3 students with socialization regarding increasing students' interest in reading in the era of digitalization, using e-books for free can provide positive benefits and value for socialization participants, especially Tasik Payawan Middle School 3 students. After the socialization was held, the KKN team together with Class IX students formed a reading community via the social media WhatsApp. The aim of forming this community is for KKN students to be able to provide more detailed explanations that were not given during the socialization. This forum is also used as a medium for distributing various quality and enjoyable e-books to female students. It is hoped that with this socialization and the formation of a reading community, students' access to reading sources will become wider, students' interest in reading will increase, literacy levels will increase and the quality of human resources for the next generation of young people will improve.
Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Employment and Wages in the Philippines
Authors:   Philippine Institute for Development Studies, Debuque-Gonzales Margarita , Epetia Ma. Christina , Corpus John Paul
Published: August 2024

This study examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Philippine labor market, focusing on employment and real wages and their respective outcomes across sectors and various worker characteristics. To analyze the pandemic’s impacts on employment outcomes at various stages of the crisis, we estimate changes in the probability of employment through a set of logit and multinomial logit regressions and measure changes in daily working hours using ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions. We also estimate the effects on real daily wages through OLS regressions on subsamples of wage and salary workers. The empirical analyses reveal several important observations. First, the immediate impact of the pandemic crisis was much larger on employment than on real wages, in contrast to findings for previous crises, which found the reverse to be true. Second, workers in contact-intensive sectors experienced the worst effects in terms of wage declines and employment losses. As many of these sectors were male-dominated, male workers—especially older men with less education and in middle-skill jobs—suffered the most initially. Third, the recovery a year into the pandemic was uneven in terms of employment. Real wage trends during this period were generally less favorable for women, particularly young females and those in middle-skill and high-skill jobs. In contrast, male workers saw a recovery in real daily pay a year after the lockdowns, with the increase largely driven by outcomes in the rural sector—reflecting an uptick in real wages in agriculture. Our findings provide support for active labor market policies such as worker reskilling and training programs for the unemployed, as well as for social protection for vulnerable workers. The heterogeneous labor market effects of a crisis such as the pandemic also highlight the need for a focused fiscal response, targeting sectors and worker subgroups who are most likely to face the harshest impacts.
Long-Term Effects of Labor Migration in the Philippines: “Napakasakit, Kuya Eddie!”
Authors:   Philippine Institute for Development Studies, Albert Jose Ramon , Habitan Ma. Teresa , Tabuga Aubrey , Vizmanos Jana Flor , Muñoz Mika , Hernandez Angelo
Published: August 2024

As the country witnesses a steady export of its human resources, it becomes imperative to explore not only the immediate impacts of labor migration on the Philippine economy but also its long-term consequences on both the overseas Filipino workers and the families they leave behind. This study examines the various effects of labor migration on OFWs and their families, including the economic benefits and social costs (e.g., family dynamics, child outcomes in terms of labor, health, education) of the diaspora, and what the government has done to assist these modern-day heroes. Remittances sent home by OFWs have become a major contributor to the Philippine economy, representing around 10 percent of gross domestic product. This provides income for families and supports consumer spending. However, labor migration has led to divided families and complex transnational relationships between OFWs and their families in the Philippines. While remittances support loved ones, being miles away from loved ones can cause psychic pains. Findings from interviews with OFWs and their families also suggest that young OFWs dream of retiring early but may not be provided systematic support for financial literacy. The paper calls for strengthening the reinforcement of legal frameworks, enhancing the labor market, improving social protection programs for OFWs and their families, equipping them with the necessary skills to achieve financial sustainability, and regularly monitoring OFW conditions for evidence-informed policymaking.
Like, Comment, and Share: Analyzing Public Sentiments of Government Policies in Social Media
Authors:   Philippine Institute for Development Studies, Vizmanos Jana Flor , Siar Sheila , Albert Jose Ramon , Sarmiento Janina Luz , Hernandez Angelo
Published: August 2024

Social media has become an increasingly important tool for gauging public sentiment, offering real-time insights that can guide policy decisions. This study focuses on analyzing sentiments expressed on the Philippine Institute for Development Studies (PIDS) Facebook page, providing a window into public opinion on various development issues and governmental policies. By conducting opinion mining and sentiment analysis on comments from the top three viral Facebook posts of PIDS, which discuss education, the middle class, and social protection policies, the study reveals a range of public perspectives and highlights the challenges faced by the populace. Additionally, an online survey targeting PIDS' social media followers was conducted to understand their demographics and preferences in accessing development research. The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of social media analytics in capturing genuine public opinion, which can be instrumental in refining policies based on evidence. The study recommends enhancing analytics capabilities, systematically incorporating these insights while safeguarding data privacy, and continuously updating strategies to reflect changing public sentiments. This policy research study underscores the value of social media data in making governance more responsive and inclusive.
Transitioning to a Province-Wide Health System: Experience of the Provinces of Bataan and South Cotabato
Authors:   Philippine Institute for Development Studies, Pantig Ida Marie , Lorenzo Pauline Joy , Ramos Tatum ,   Technical Education and Skills Development Authority
Published: August 2024

The integration of different levels of local health systems into Province- or City-wide Health Systems (P/CWHS) in the Philippines is a reform that is designed to help the achievement of a responsive and efficient health system, financial and social risk protection, and better health outcomes. The majority of Universal Health Care Integration Sites (UISs) have already achieved the Key Result Areas (KRAs) for the Preparatory and Organized Levels. Using the case study approach, this study aimed to explore how local government units (LGUs) and other stakeholders have navigated through the transition process given existing policies and frameworks. It looked into the P/CWHS components and the experiences of the provinces of Bataan and South Cotabato in the integration process, and determined enabling and facilitating factors, innovations, and challenges. Enabling and facilitating factors include LGU initiative and appreciation of P/CWHS benefits; partnerships of provinces with national government agencies (NGAs), nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), development agencies, and private sector that provide technical and financial assistance; presence of legal instruments; and optimization of existing monitoring systems. LGUs have also carried out innovative practices such as documenting efforts during the initial stages and engaging development partners and NGOs that increase understanding of P/CWHS, help address challenging KRA and Health Care Provider Network (HCPN) requirements, and generally facilitate transition. Challenges have, nevertheless, been encountered. These obstacles include the limited awareness of the LGU roles and responsibilities, time and resource costs of requirements to fully integrate and transition, piecemeal understanding of P/CWHS and Universal Health Care (UHC) reforms among local leaders, lack of guidance on how the private sector can integrate, lack of technical assistance from the Central Office, and lack of interoperability of datasets from various health information systems of provinces. Given the findings, this study provides the following policy recommendations to scale up the integration efforts: ensure proper communication of accurate information to stakeholders; jumpstart discussions on private sector integration into the HCPN; implement, evaluate, and progressively enhance the financing reforms to be implemented; provide resources to augment LGU funding for transition requirements; and incorporate plans to ensure optimal participation of the population in the P/CWHS.
The Effects of CPTPP on Philippine Employment and Earnings: A CGE Approach
Authors:   Philippine Institute for Development Studies, Lanzona Leonardo
Published: August 2024

This Policy Note determines the potential impact of the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) on the Philippines using a computable general equilibrium (CGE) microsimulation model. It finds that the Philippines’ participation in the CPTPP will benefit workers, especially the unskilled, by raising their employment and earnings as export diversification is achieved. However, these benefits will come at a cost, as high-value-added industries favored by the existing trade barriers will experience a loss. This will cause a decline in the country’s gross domestic product. Hence, to optimize the benefits of CPTPP, the government must create the necessary conditions to improve technology, minimize the costs of export diversification, and differentiate its exports from the rest of the world.
Evaluating Energy Security in the Philippines: An Indicators-Based Assessment
Authors:   Philippine Institute for Development Studies, Navarro Adoracion , Ortiz Ma. Kristina , Camara Jethro El
Published: August 2024

This Policy Note provides an overview of the energy security situation in the Philippines. Looking at various indicators, it finds that the country is energy insecure owing to persisting issues on sufficiency, reliability, resiliency, affordability, accessibility, and sustainability. Thus, it recommends developing the country's indigenous resources and reducing its reliance on imports. The government must also implement reforms that will enable grid expansion and modernization, promote further competition in the market, assess the electrification program for unserved areas, and pursue a clean energy transition.
Setting an Agenda for the Philippine APEC Study Center Network
Authors:   Philippine Institute for Development Studies, Yap Josef
Published: August 2024

The Philippine APEC Study Center Network (PASCN), a key project of the Philippine Institute for Development Studies, could serve as an avenue for fostering collaboration within the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) framework. According to this Policy Note, the PASCN could act as an effective conduit for Track 2 diplomacy, facilitating discussions and initiatives on various fronts, from addressing political tensions in the West Philippine Sea to navigating the complexities of artificial intelligence regulation and energy transition. The Note recommends that programs be structured with the objective of narrowing both between- and within-country inequality.
School Infrastructure in the Philippines: Where Are We Now and Where Should We Be Heading?
Authors: Navarro Adoracion
Published: August 2024

This study assesses the adequacy of school infrastructure in the Philippine basic education sector while benchmarking it against developmental targets and other countries’ performance. It finds that with respect to classrooms, there has been progress in decongesting schools, but spatial inequality in the classroom-student ratio persists and requires attention. Spatial inequality is evident, given the congested classrooms in some administrative regions. Moreover, additional classrooms are needed, given that school buildings in certain remote areas do not meet quality and safety standards, enrollment is increasing, and existing classrooms deteriorate due to wear and tear and natural calamities. In terms of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) facilities, the gaps are huge and become more evident when benchmarked against other countries. The Philippines is lagging behind most Eastern and South-Eastern Asian countries in providing WASH facilities to schools, even when compared to neighboring countries with lower per capita incomes. Schools’ access to electricity is also an issue. Many countries in the Eastern and South-Eastern Asia region have already achieved universal access, yet the Philippines still struggles to complete the electrification of schools. This challenge is compounded by the need to upgrade the electricity connections of schools to stabilize electric current fluctuations and meet digital learning requirements. Information and communications technology (ICT) access is another area where the gaps are huge. Computer package delivery targets were not met, and to make things worse, the percentage of schools with computer packages declined. Philippine schools have low computer and internet access rates, unlike those in neighboring countries that have achieved universal access to computers and the internet. Moreover, efforts to increase computer and internet access rates have been marred by poor implementation of programs for ICT infrastructure in schools. All these imply the need to invest more in school infrastructure and pursue policy improvements. Both the public and private sectors must assume responsibility for improving the students’ learning environment through adequate and quality school infrastructure. After all, a good learning environment is a good investment, resulting in better student learning outcomes, higher productivity of workers in the future, and higher potential for endogenous economic growth.
EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN FIQIH
Authors: Faishol Riza , Sidon Bey Arifin , Rochman Taufiki , Wajdi Muh. Barid Nizarudin
Published: August 2024

Fiqh education at MTs Darul Amien Jajag often relies on conventional media, which tends to be less engaging and leads to low student achievement. In an effort to improve the quality of education, teachers face the challenge of incorporating more modern and engaging media, such as video learning. This study aims to measure the effectiveness of using video learning to enhance students' learning outcomes in the Fiqh subject. The research employed a Quasi-Experimental method with a pretest-posttest control group design. The population consisted of eighth-grade students at MTs Darul Amien Jajag, with class VIII A as the experimental group and class VIII B as the control group. The results indicate that the use of video learning significantly improved student learning outcomes. This is evidenced by the significant difference between pretest and posttest scores in the experimental class compared to the control class. The findings suggest that video media can be an effective alternative for improving the quality of Fiqh education.
BOSHLANG‘ICH SINFLARDA TUTUQ BELGISINI O‘RGATISH DARSLARIGA INNOVATSION VA INTEGRATSION YONDASHUV
Authors: Shukurullayeva Nodira
Published: August 2024

In this article, the methods that can be used to teach the apostrophe sign to primary school students are mentioned. At the same time, the methods innovativa and integrated approach to teaching the apostrophe sign are theoretically and methodolically justified. Also, the article provides ideas that the use of methods that ensure students’ creative thinking ensures the formation of students’ creative approach to the educational process,  the ability to think independently, thr ability to easily accept news and the tendency to create.
NEUROBLASTOMA CONGÊNITO – A IMPORTÂNCIA DO DIAGNÓSTICO PRECOCE NA NEONATOLOGIA – UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DA LITERATURA COM CASO ILUSTRATIVO
Authors: Mota Rebeca Guimarães , Cardoso Márcia Viana Carlos , Carvalho Aline Simone Dantas Siqueira , Gomes Adenilson Oliveira , Alvares Carolina Madalena Souza Pinto
Published: August 2024

Introduction: neuroblastoma (NBL) is a tumor derived from the neural crest (Fiscella et al., 2021), being the most common malignant tumor in the neonatal period (Oliveira et al., 2015). Responsible for 5% of NBL cases diagnosed annually (Minakova and Lang, 2020) and more than 20% of neonatal cancers (Fisher and Tweddle, 2012), with the majority of cases diagnosed within the first month after birth. The diagnosis may be based on a single finding, or manifest as aggressive metastatic disease. Its main location is in the adrenal region, with frequent liver involvement. The suspected diagnosis can be made in the fetal phase, due to ultrasound (USG) findings of the abdominal mass or in the postnatal period (Fiscella et al., 2021). About 20% of neonatal NBL present with spinal cord compression, requiring immediate diagnosis and treatment, with steroids and chemotherapy (Fisher and Tweddle, 2012). Objectives: analyze the various information regarding the early diagnosis of congenital NBL, focusing on children under one year of age. In addition to reporting the case of a newborn patient (NB) in the state of Rondônia. Justificative: evaluate the clinical, epidemiological characteristics and survival of newborns with NBL. The pathology is uncommon and has a non-specific clinical presentation, therefore it is necessary to establish differential diagnoses and appropriate treatment. Methodology: systematic review, with information collected through various portals such as SciELO, MEDLINE, LILACS and Google Scholar. Data from 2005 to 2022. Keywords: congenital neuroblastoma, neonatal tumor, metastasis, newborn, adrenal gland.
FATORES DE RISCO DE PARESTESIA DO NERVO ALVEOLAR INFERIOR EM DECORRÊNCIA DA EXODONTIA DOS TERCEIROS MOLARES INFERIORES - AVALIAÇÃO, PREVENÇÃO E TRATAMENTO: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Magalhães Byanka Paiva , Sousa Vitória Ferreira , Cunha Erlane De Vasconcelos , Carvalho Rebeca Coelho , Alves Jhon Lenon Braz , Souza Vinícius Lourenço De , Freitas Izabela De Souza , Miranda Kawelen Menezes Ponte , Santos Thaisa Maria Soares Dos , Albuquerque Carlos Eduardo Lopes
Published: August 2024

O artigo explora a parestesia do nervo alveolar inferior (NAI) como uma complicação potencialmente significativa após a extração de terceiros molares inferiores, destacando sua relevância na odontologia. O objetivo principal é examinar os fatores de risco associados, estratégias de prevenção e opções de tratamento para minimizar essa complicação. Os resultados demonstram que a parestesia pode ocorrer em uma faixa de 0,81% a 22% dos casos, sendo influenciada pela proximidade das raízes dos dentes ao canal mandibular, a experiência do cirurgião e a técnica utilizada. A conclusão sublinha a necessidade de uma avaliação radiológica detalhada e um planejamento cirúrgico rigoroso para reduzir o risco de lesões no NAI, além de enfatizar a importância de tratamentos adequados, como laserterapia e acupuntura, para manejar a parestesia e melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes.
O ATENDIMENTO EDUCACIONAL ESPECIALIZADO NA REDE MUNICIPAL DE ENSINO DE FOZ DO IGUAÇU - PR
Authors: Ressel Emily Rayana da Cruz , Aguirre Lissandra Espinosa de Mello
Published: August 2024

A presente pesquisa visa analisar de maneira interdisciplinar as políticas públicas implementadas na rede municipal de ensino em Foz do Iguaçu – PR no que tange ao Atendimento Educacional Especializado de alunos com deficiência, transtornos globais do desenvolvimento, transtornos funcionais específicos ou altas habilidades/ superdotação. Tal atendimento perpassa por uma visão inclusiva da educação, rompendo com a ideia de integração e, sobretudo, de segregação, destinando-se a assegurar aos alunos o desenvolvimento pleno de todas as suas potencialidades através de um trabalho individualizado e especializado. Verifica-se que atualmente o estado do Paraná é o único estado brasileiro a possuir turmas de classe especial como uma modalidade de Atendimento Educacional Especializado, contudo objetivou-se nesta pesquisa identificar a proporção da oferta de tal atendimento em turmas de Classe Especial e em turmas de Salas de Recursos Multifuncionais, a fim de se fazer uma análise do perfil das políticas públicas municipais quanto à educação inclusiva.