bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electronic Data Capture Versus Conventional Data Collection Methods in Clinical Pain Studies: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Jibb Lindsay A , Khan James S , Seth Puneet , Lalloo Chitra , Mulrooney Lauren , Nicholson Kathryn , Nowak Dominik A , Kaur Harneel , Chee-A-Tow Alyssandra , Foster Joel , Stinson Jennifer N
Published: March 2020

Background

The most commonly used means to assess pain is by patient self-reported questionnaires. These questionnaires have traditionally been completed using paper-and-pencil, telephone, or in-person methods, which may limit the validity of the collected data. Electronic data capture methods represent a potential way to validly, reliably, and feasibly collect pain-related data from patients in both clinical and research settings.

Objective

The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare electronic and conventional pain-related data collection methods with respect to pain score equivalence, data completeness, ease of use, efficiency, and acceptability between methods.

Methods

We searched the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) from database inception until November 2019. We included all peer-reviewed studies that compared electronic (any modality) and conventional (paper-, telephone-, or in-person–based) data capture methods for patient-reported pain data on one of the following outcomes: pain score equivalence, data completeness, ease of use, efficiency, and acceptability. We used random effects models to combine score equivalence data across studies that reported correlations or measures of agreement between electronic and conventional pain assessment methods.

Results

A total of 53 unique studies were included in this systematic review, of which 21 were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, the pain scores reported electronically were congruent with those reported using conventional modalities, with the majority of studies (36/44, 82%) that reported on pain scores demonstrating this relationship. The weighted summary correlation coefficient of pain score equivalence from our meta-analysis was 0.92 (95% CI 0.88-0.95). Studies on data completeness, patient- or provider-reported ease of use, and efficiency generally indicated that electronic data capture methods were equivalent or superior to conventional methods. Most (19/23, 83%) studies that directly surveyed patients reported that the electronic format was the preferred data collection method.

Conclusions

Electronic pain-related data capture methods are comparable with conventional methods in terms of score equivalence, data completeness, ease, efficiency, and acceptability and, if the appropriate psychometric evaluations are in place, are a feasible means to collect pain data in clinical and research settings.
All Our Data Will Be Health Data One Day: The Need for Universal Data Protection and Comprehensive Consent
Authors: Schneble Christophe Olivier , Elger Bernice Simone , Shaw David Martin
Published: March 2020

Tremendous growth in the types of data that are collected and their interlinkage are enabling more predictions of individuals’ behavior, health status, and diseases. Legislation in many countries treats health-related data as a special sensitive kind of data. Today’s massive linkage of data, however, could transform “nonhealth” data into sensitive health data. In this paper, we argue that the notion of health data should be broadened and should also take into account past and future health data and indirect, inferred, and invisible health data. We also lay out the ethical and legal implications of our model.
Use of Apps to Promote Childhood Vaccination: Systematic Review
Authors: de Cock Caroline , van Velthoven Michelle , Milne-Ives Madison , Mooney Mary , Meinert Edward
Published: March 2020

Background

Vaccination is a critical step in reducing child mortality; however, vaccination rates have declined in many countries in recent years. This decrease has been associated with an increase in the outbreak of vaccine-preventable diseases. The potential for leveraging mobile platforms to promote vaccination coverage has been investigated in the development of numerous mobile apps. Although many are available for public use, there is little robust evaluation of these apps.

Objective

This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness of apps supporting childhood vaccinations in improving vaccination uptake, knowledge, and decision making as well as the usability and user perceptions of these apps.

Methods

PubMed, Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) databases were systematically searched for studies published between 2008 and 2019 that evaluated childhood vaccination apps. Two authors screened and selected studies according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were extracted and analyzed, and the studies were assessed for risk of bias.

Results

A total of 28 studies evaluating 25 apps met the inclusion criteria and were included in this analysis. Overall, 9 studies assessed vaccination uptake, of which 4 reported significant benefits (P<.001 or P=.03) of the implementation of the app. Similarly, 4 studies indicated a significant (P≤.054) impact on knowledge and on vaccination decision making. Patient perceptions, usability, and acceptability were generally positive. The quality of the included studies was found to be moderate to poor, with many aspects of the methodology being unclear.

Conclusions

There is little evidence to support the use of childhood vaccination apps to improve vaccination uptake, knowledge, or decision making. Further research is required to understand the dichotomous effects of vaccination-related information provision and the evaluation of these apps in larger, more robust studies. The methodology of studies must be reported more comprehensively to accurately assess the effectiveness of childhood vaccination apps and the risk of bias of studies.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.2196/16929
Toward Earlier Diagnosis Using Combined eHealth Tools in Rheumatology: The Joint Pain Assessment Scoring Tool (JPAST) Project
Authors: Knitza Johannes , Knevel Rachel , Raza Karim , Bruce Tor , Eimer Ekaterina , Gehring Isabel , Mathsson-Alm Linda , Poorafshar Maryam , Hueber Axel J , Schett Georg , Johannesson Martina , Catrina Anca , Klareskog Lars ,   JPAST Group
Published: March 2020

Outcomes of patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases have significantly improved over the last three decades, mainly due to therapeutic innovations, more timely treatment, and a recognition of the need to monitor response to treatment and to titrate treatments accordingly. Diagnostic delay remains a major challenge for all stakeholders. The combination of electronic health (eHealth) and serologic and genetic markers holds great promise to improve the current management of patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases by speeding up access to appropriate care. The Joint Pain Assessment Scoring Tool (JPAST) project, funded by the European Union (EU) European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT) Health program, is a unique European project aiming to enable and accelerate personalized precision medicine for early treatment in rheumatology, ultimately also enabling prevention. The aim of the project is to facilitate these goals while at the same time, reducing cost for society and patients.
Digital Divide in Perceived Benefits of Online Health Care and Social Welfare Services: National Cross-Sectional Survey Study
Authors: Heponiemi Tarja , Jormanainen Vesa , Leemann Lars , Manderbacka Kristiina , Aalto Anna-Mari , Hyppönen Hannele
Published: March 2020

Background

The number of online services in health care is increasing rapidly in developed countries. Users are expected to take a more skilled and active role in taking care of their health and prevention of ill health. This induces risks that users (especially those who need the services the most) will drop out of digital services, resulting in a digital divide or exclusion. To ensure wide and equal use of online services, all users must experience them as beneficial.

Objective

This study aimed to examine associations of (1) demographics (age, gender, and degree of urbanization), (2) self-rated health, (3) socioeconomic position (education, experienced financial hardship, labor market position, and living alone), (4) social participation (voting, satisfaction with relationships, and keeping in touch with friends and family members), and (5) access, skills, and extent of use of information and communication technologies (ICT) with perceived benefits of online health care and social welfare services. Associations were examined separately for perceived health, economic, and collaboration benefits.

Methods

We used a large random sample representative of the Finnish population including 4495 (56.77% women) respondents aged between 20 and 97 years. Analyses of covariance were used to examine the associations of independent variables with perceived benefits.

Results

Access to online services, ICT skills, and extent of use were associated with all examined benefits of online services. ICT skills seemed to be the most important factor. Poor self-rated health was also consistently associated with lower levels of perceived benefits. Similarly, those who were keeping in touch with their friends and relatives at least once a week perceived online services more often beneficial in all the examined dimensions. Those who had experienced financial hardship perceived fewer health and economic benefits than others. Those who were satisfied with their relationships reported higher levels of health and collaboration benefits compared with their counterparts. Also age, education, and degree of urbanization had some statistically significant associations with benefits but they seemed to be at least partly explained by differences in access, skills, and extent of use of online services.

Conclusions

According to our results, providing health care services online has the potential to reinforce existing social and health inequalities. Our findings suggest that access to online services, skills to use them, and extent of use play crucial roles in perceiving them as beneficial. Moreover, there is a risk of digital exclusion among those who are socioeconomically disadvantaged, in poor health, or socially isolated. In times when health and social services are increasingly offered online, this digital divide may predispose people with high needs for services to exclusion from them.
User Retention and Engagement With a Mobile App Intervention to Support Self-Management in Australians With Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes (My Care Hub): Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Adu Mary D , Malabu Usman H , Malau-Aduli Aduli EO , Drovandi Aaron , Malau-Aduli Bunmi S
Published: March 2020

Background

Mobile health apps are commonly used to support diabetes self-management (DSM). However, there is limited research assessing whether such apps are able to meet the basic requirements of retaining and engaging users.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate participants’ retention and engagement with My Care Hub, a mobile app for DSM.

Methods

The study employed an explanatory mixed methods design. Participants were people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes who used the health app intervention for 3 weeks. Retention was measured by completion of the postintervention survey. Engagement was measured using system log indices and interviews. Retention and system log indices were presented using descriptive statistics. Transcripts were analyzed using content analysis to develop themes interpreted according to the behavioral intervention technology theory.

Results

Of the 50 individuals enrolled, 42 (84%) adhered to the study protocol. System usage data showed multiple and frequent interactions with the app by most of the enrolled participants (42/50, 84%). Two-thirds of participants who inputted data during the first week returned to use the app after week 1 (36/42, 85%) and week 2 (30/42, 71%) of installation. Most daily used features were tracking of blood glucose (BG; 28/42, 68%) and accessing educational information (6/42, 13%). The interview results revealed the app’s potential as a behavior change intervention tool, particularly because it eased participants’ self-care efforts and improved their engagement with DSM activities such as BG monitoring, physical exercise, and healthy eating. Participants suggested additional functionalities such as extended access to historical analytic data, automated data transmission from the BG meter, and periodic update of meals and corresponding nutrients to further enhance engagement with the app.

Conclusions

The findings of this short-term intervention study suggested acceptable levels of participant retention and engagement with My Care Hub, indicating that it may be a promising tool for extending DSM support and education beyond the confines of a physical clinic.
Development of a Short Instrument for Measuring Health-Related Quality of Life in Oncological Patients for Clinical Use: Protocol for an Observational Study
Authors: Schrage Theresa , Görlach Mirja , Betz Christian Stephan , Bokemeyer Carsten , Kröger Nicolaus , Mueller Volkmar , Petersen Cordula , Krüll Andreas , Schulz Holger , Bleich Christiane
Published: March 2020

Background

Cancer patients often suffer from the physical and psychological burden of their disease and its treatment. This is frequently insufficiently identified and addressed in clinical practice. In the context of improving patient-centered care in oncological patients, patient-reported outcomes (PROs) represent an important addition to current routine care. So far, available PRO questionnaires for cancer patients are unsuitable for routine procedures due to their length and complexity.

Objective

This study aimed to develop and psychometrically test a short questionnaire to measure health-related quality of life (HrQoL) in cancer patients for use in routine care.

Methods

This observational study consists of two parts: (1) a qualitative study to develop a short questionnaire measuring HrQoL and (2) a quantitative study to psychometrically test this questionnaire in five oncological departments of a comprehensive cancer center. In part 1 of the study, semistructured interviews with 28 cancer patients, as well as five focus groups with 22 clinicians and nurses, were conducted to identify clinically relevant dimensions of HrQoL. The identified dimensions were complemented with related dimensions from empirical studies and reviewed via expert discussion. Based on this, a short instrument was developed. In part 2 of the study, the developed questionnaire was tested in cancer in- and outpatients at five participating oncological clinics using additional standardized questionnaires assessing HrQoL and other important PROs. The questionnaire was presented to more than 770 patients twice during treatment.

Results

The project started in May 2017 with recruitment for study phase I beginning in December 2017. Recruitment for study phases I and II ended in April 2018 and February 2019, respectively. After study phase II and psychometrical analyses, the newly developed questionnaire measuring the HrQoL of all cancer entities in routine care was finalized.

Conclusions

With five to six dimensions and one item per dimension, the developed questionnaire is short enough to not disrupt routine procedures during treatment and is profound enough to inform clinicians about the patient’s HrQoL impairments and status.

Trial Registration

Open Science Framework Registries 10.17605/OSF.IO/Y7XCE; https://osf.io/y7xce/

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR1-10.2196/17854
Comprehensive Telestroke Network to Optimize Health Care Delivery for Cerebrovascular Diseases: Algorithm Development
Authors: Bayona Hernán , Ropero Brenda , Salazar Antonio José , Pérez Juan Camilo , Granja Manuel Felipe , Martínez Carlos Fernando , Useche Juan Nicolás
Published: March 2020

Background

Health care delivery for cerebrovascular diseases is a complex process, which may be improved using telestroke networks.

Objective

The purpose of this work was to establish and implement a protocol for the management of patients with acute stroke symptoms according to the available treatment alternatives at the initial point of care and the transfer possibilities.

Methods

The review board of our institutions approved this work. The protocol was based on the latest guidelines of the American Heart Association and American Stroke Association. Stroke care requires human and technological resources, which may differ according to the patient’s point of entry into the health care system. Three health care settings were identified to define the appropriate protocols: primary health care setting, intermediate health care setting, and advanced health care setting.

Results

A user-friendly web-based telestroke solution was developed. The predictors, scales, and scores implemented in this system allowed the assessment of the vascular insult severity and neurological status of the patient. The total number of possible pathways implemented was as follows: 10 in the primary health care setting, 39 in the intermediate health care setting, and 1162 in the advanced health care setting.

Conclusions

The developed comprehensive telestroke platform is the first stage in optimizing health care delivery for patients with stroke symptoms, regardless of the entry point into the emergency network, in both urban and rural regions. This system supports health care personnel by providing adequate inpatient stroke care and facilitating the prompt transfer of patients to a more appropriate health care setting if necessary, especially for patients with acute ischemic stroke within the therapeutic window who are candidates for reperfusion therapies, ultimately contributing to mitigating the mortality and morbidity associated with stroke.
Digital Care for Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: 10,000 Participant Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Bailey Jeannie F , Agarwal Vibhu , Zheng Patricia , Smuck Matthew , Fredericson Michael , Kennedy David J , Krauss Jeffrey
Published: March 2020

Background

Chronic musculoskeletal pain has a vast global prevalence and economic burden. Conservative therapies are universally recommended but require patient engagement and self-management to be effective.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a 12-week digital care program (DCP) in a large population of patients with chronic knee and back pain.

Methods

A longitudinal observational study was conducted using a remote DCP available through a mobile app. Subjects participated in a 12-week multimodal DCP incorporating education, sensor-guided exercise therapy (ET), and behavioral health support with 1-on-1 remote health coaching. The primary outcome was pain measured by the visual analog scale (VAS). Secondary measures included engagement levels, program completion, program satisfaction, condition-specific pain measures, depression, anxiety, and work productivity.

Results

A total of 10,264 adults with either knee (n=3796) or low back (n=6468) pain for at least three months were included in the study. Participants experienced a 68.45% average improvement in VAS pain between baseline intake and 12 weeks. In all, 73.04% (7497/10,264) participants completed the DCP into the final month. In total, 78.60% (5893/7497) of program completers (7144/10,264, 69.60% of all participants) achieved minimally important change in pain. Furthermore, the number of ET sessions and coaching interactions were both positively associated with improvement in pain, suggesting that the amount of engagement influenced outcomes. Secondary outcomes included a 57.9% and 58.3% decrease in depression and anxiety scores, respectively, and 61.5% improvement in work productivity. Finally, 3 distinct clusters of pain response trajectories were identified, which could be predicted with a mean 76% accuracy using baseline measures.

Conclusions

These results support the efficacy and scalability of a DCP for chronic low back and knee pain in a large, diverse, real-world population. Participants demonstrated high completion and engagement rates and a significant positive relationship between engagement and pain reduction was identified, a finding that has not been previously demonstrated in a DCP. Furthermore, the large sample size allowed for the identification of distinct pain response subgroups, which may prove beneficial in predicting recovery and tailoring future interventions. This is the first longitudinal digital health study to analyze pain outcomes in a sample of this magnitude, and it supports the prospect for DCPs to serve the overwhelming number of musculoskeletal pain sufferers worldwide.
Road to Hierarchical Diabetes Management at Primary Care (ROADMAP) Study in China: Protocol for the Statistical Analysis of a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Li Xian , Duolikun Nadila , Cheng Fengzhuo , Billot Laurent , Jia Weiping , Zhang Puhong
Published: March 2020

Background

As the management of type 2 diabetes remains suboptimal in primary care, the Road to Hierarchical Diabetes Management at Primary Care (ROADMAP) study was designed and conducted in diverse primary care settings to test the effectiveness of a three-tiered diabetes management model of care in China.

Objective

This paper aims to predetermine the detailed analytical methods for the ROADMAP study before the database lock to reduce potential bias and facilitate transparent analyses.

Methods

The ROADMAP study adopts a community-based, cluster randomized controlled trial design that compares the effectiveness of a tiered diabetes management model on diabetes control with usual care among patients with diabetes over a 1-year study period. The primary outcome is the control rate of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) <7% at 1 year. Secondary outcomes include the control rates of ABC (HbA1c, blood pressure, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], individual and combined) and fasting blood glucose, and the change in each outcome. The primary analysis will be the log-binomial regression with generalized estimating equation (GEE), which accounts for the clustering within communities, for binary outcomes and linear regression with GEE for continuous outcomes. For both, the baseline value of the analyzed outcome will be the covariate. The other covariate further adjusted models and the repetitive models after multiple imputation (when more than 10% of observations in HbA1c after 1 year are missing) will be used for sensitivity analysis. Five prespecified subgroup analyses have also been planned to explore the heterogeneity of the intervention effects by adding the subgroup variable and its interaction with the intervention to the primary model.

Results

This plan has been finalized, approved, and signed off by the principle investigator, co-principle investigator, and lead statisticians as of November 22, 2019, and made public on the institutional website without any knowledge of intervention allocation. Templates for the main figure and tables are presented.

Conclusions

This statistical analysis protocol was developed for the main results of the ROADMAP study by authors blinded to group allocation and with no access to study data, which will guarantee the transparency and reduce potential bias during statistical analysis.

Trial Registration

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR-IOC-17011325; https://tinyurl.com/ybpr9xrq

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/18333
Skin Lesion Classification With Deep Convolutional Neural Network: Process Development and Validation
Authors: Ray Arnab , Gupta Aman , Al Amutha
Published: March 2020

Background

Skin cancer is the most common cancer and is often ignored by people at an early stage. There are 5.4 million new cases of skin cancer worldwide every year. Deaths due to skin cancer could be prevented by early detection of the mole.

Objective

We propose a skin lesion classification system that has the ability to detect such moles at an early stage and is able to easily differentiate between a cancerous and noncancerous mole. Using this system, we would be able to save time and resources for both patients and practitioners.

Methods

We created a deep convolutional neural network using an Inceptionv3 and DenseNet-201 pretrained model.

Results

We found that using the concepts of fine-tuning and the ensemble learning model yielded superior results. Furthermore, fine-tuning the whole model helped models converge faster compared to fine-tuning only the top layers, giving better accuracy overall.

Conclusions

Based on our research, we conclude that deep learning algorithms are highly suitable for classifying skin cancer images.
Artificial Intelligence–Based Neural Network for the Diagnosis of Diabetes: Model Development
Authors: Liu Yue
Published: March 2020

Background

The incidence of diabetes is increasing in China, and its impact on national health cannot be ignored. Smart medicine is a medical model that uses technology to assist the diagnosis and treatment of disease.

Objective

The aim of this paper was to apply artificial intelligence (AI) in the diagnosis of diabetes.

Methods

We established an AI diagnostic model in the MATLAB software platform based on a backpropagation neural network by collecting data for the cases of integration and extraction and selecting an input feature vector. Based on this diagnostic model, using an intelligent combination of the LabVIEW development platform and the MATLAB software-designed diabetes diagnosis system with user data, we called the neural network diagnostic module to correctly diagnose diabetes.

Results

Compared to conventional diagnostic procedures, the system can effectively improve diagnostic efficiency and save time for physicians.

Conclusions

The development of AI applications has utility to aid diabetes diagnosis.
Structure and properties of high strength low alloyed cold-resistant steel after reheat and direct quenching with tempering
Authors: Sych O. V. , Khlusova E. I. , Yashina E. A. , Svyatysheva E. V. , Vasilyeva E. A.
Published: March 2020

The paper shows comparative investigations of structure of rolled plates from low alloyed coldresistant steel 08CrNi2MoCuNb with guaranteed yield strength 750 MPa after traditional reheat quenching and quenching from rolling heat (direct quenching) with subsequent high temperature tempering. The research is carried out by means of optical metallography, SEM and TEM. The peculiarities of parameters of bainitemartensite structure, which influence the strength level in initial (quenched) state, are revealed. Also, the impact of tempering on structure and properties of rolled plates after reheat and direct quenching is shown.
Technology for producing vessel structures of the main circulation pump for BREST reactor
Authors: Blank E. D. , Guerasimov V. A. , Sharapov M. G. , Vodovozov A. N. , Kashtanov A. D. , Shchutsky S. Yu. , Plakidin A. N.
Published: March 2020

One of the important joints of a liquid metal fast reactor is the main circulation pump. In the course of the present research, a preproduction model of the pressure chamber, the most labor-consuming unit of the main circulation pump, was manufactured. This complex welded structure was made of 10Kh15N9S3B3 (EP-302Sh) steel sheets; fixtures and accessories were also manufactured, and as a result the metal consumption of the structure decreased. Technological documentation was made for bending, stamping of parts of the pressure chamber, welding of components, their heat and mechanic treatment, and its assembling. According to the results of this work, the existing technological documentation was adjusted in the context of the new data for pressure chamber of the main pump.
On the experimental lead-cooled installation
Authors: Aleksandrov N. V. , Blank Ye. D. , Kashtanov A. D. , Stepanov V. V. , Lemekhov V. V. , Lemekhov Yu. V. , Melnikov A. N.
Published: March 2020

Extensive experience in operating nuclear power plants convincingly proves that fast liquid metal cooled reactors are among the most promising. The advantages of using liquid lead coolants in nuclear power industry are shown. In Russia, lately, much attention has been paid to the natural safety of fast reactors. At the stage of testing materials for components of reactor plants, a number of problems arose for basic systems. An experimental lead-cooled installation was developed for testing large structures, continuous monitoring and maintaining specified technical parameters. For reliable coolant circulation (lead coolant circulation speed up to 200 kg/s), a magnetohydrodynamic pump (MHD pump) has been developed, which is distinguished by high efficiency and reliability, it is also ease in operation and maintenance. Currently, the experimental setup is successfully used in scientific research of materials for RU BREST-OD-300. All its systems showed high reliability, maintainability and the possibility of further modernization.
Research of material of damaged poly-V pulleys for increasing the service life of promising automotive generators
Authors: Aliev A. A.
Published: March 2020

The material of the deteriorated poly-V pulleys made of cold-rolled steel strip 08kp and 08ps was studied using electron microscopy with an X-ray microanalyzer and the causes of their fatigue failure were determined. The main reasons for their destruction can be heterogeneous structure and properties and non-optimal mode of annealing and, as a result, the low hardness on the transitional zone of the pulley, through which they are damaged in service. So, to avoid pieces deterioration, cold-rolled tape made of 035Yu steel with a homogeneous structure and properties was developed. The study also proposes a new mode of its recrystallization annealing, which increases the hardness at the transition zone of the poly-V pulley and the service life of promising automotive generators.
Synthesis of nanocomposite coating of electrodeposed amorphic layers of the Ni–P–W system
Authors: Krasikov A. V.
Published: March 2020

The processes of the formation of the nanocomposite coating of Ni–11.5% P–5%W were studied during the heat treatment of amorphous electrodeposited layers. Using the method of differential scanning calorimetry, the temperature of the onset of crystallization of the nanocrystalline phase Ni3P was determined. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that heat treatment produces Ni3P phosphides and, presumably, Ni5P2, the size of which, according to electron microscopy, is 5–50 nm. The influence of the duration of heat treatment on the phase composition and microhardness of coatings is investigated.
Formation of antifriction coatings on titanium by electrospark alloying with metal ceramic anodes
Authors: Markov M. A. , Persinin S. A. , Krasikov A. V. , Bykova A. D. , Belyakov A. N. , Fadin Yu. A.
Published: March 2020

The paper presents the results of experimental studies in the field of the formation of anti-friction coatings on VT-1.0 titanium alloy by electrospark alloying.
An Investigation into the Transferable Skills of Non-Commissioned Officers (NCOs) in the Defence Forces of Ireland (Army Only) on Retirement
Authors: Whelan Ray , Feeney Sharon
Published: March 2020

The Irish Defence Forces currently employs approximately 8,750 personnel, with some 7,300 employed in the army. Approximately 3,139 Non-Commissioned Officers (NCOs) have changed career paths into civilian roles between the years 2000-2015. Many of these individuals found the transition from a military career to a civilian career challenging, despite having obtained some useful transferable skills. One of the most pertinent challenges has been the lack of any appreciation by employers of the range of transferrable skills that were gained by NCOs during their military careers. This paper aims to identify what transferable skills contribute to the transition from a military career to a civilian career from the perspective of a small sample of former army NCOs. The methodology consists of a qualitative study involving semi-structured interviews with key personnel who previously served in the Irish Defence Forces. The findings indicate that the range of transferable skills gained in a military career have important and timely relevance to careers in a civilian context. Recommendations are proposed in relation to how the Defence Forces might assist retiring personnel to target civilian employers and jobs.
Workplace Violence in Social Care Settings: Traumatic Stress and Burnout in Staff
Authors: Dowling Daniel , Banka Prakashini
Published: March 2020

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between frequency of exposure to physical violence/aggression and traumatic stress and burnout in social care workers (SCWs). One hundred SCWs were surveyed using non-experimental, cross-sectional, quantitative correlational study design with three questionnaires: Demographic Questionnaire, Revised Impact of Events Scale and Maslach Burnout Inventory. Responses were analysed using SPSS quantitative software and utilised descriptive statistics, and non-parametric correlational tests. Results indicated statistically significant positive relationships between the frequency of exposure to physical aggression/violence and traumatic stress and burnout measures. Results also indicated significant positive correlations between traumatic stress and burnout. Furthermore, exposure to workplace violence/aggression, traumatic stress, and burnout also positively correlated with SCWs desire to leave the profession in the next five years. Finally, results indicated a significant relationship between frequency of self-care and levels of traumatic stress and burnout subscales in SCWs.)
Building Confidence in Employees with Dyslexia and other Neurodiverse Conditions: An Interview with Nicola James, CEO and Founder of Lexxic
Authors: James Nicola , Buggle Jane
Published: March 2020

I first met Nicola James when, at the invitation of a student, she ran a free workshop on Building Confidence in Students with Disabilities at Dublin Business School in February 2017. At this workshop, Nicola described her own experiences as a student with undiagnosed dyslexia, how she began to thrive academically after diagnosis and how this experience led to her founding Lexxic. Lexxic is a specialist consultancy that employs a team of psychologists to run workshops and interventions with neurodiverse employees within companies, providing them with strategies and techniques to build confidence in order to drive performance. Lexxic has now grown to a flourishing business whose clients include Deloitte, AXA Healthcare, the NHS, the UK Cabinet Office, and the General Medical Council, among many others. Lexxic recently launched the Neurotalent Unlocked online learning platform. Nicola has continued to deliver a free workshop in DBS annually.
Increasing the production capacity of copper drawing machine in the cable industry using SMED method: A case study in Indonesia
Authors: Setyawan Lilik
Published: March 2020

Indonesian Government has electricity program of 35,000 Megawatt. To make this program successful, all cable companies begin to implement strategies to satisfy these needs. Increasing the production capacity is the main program implemented by cable companies in Indonesia. One of the cables companies has production output on copper drawing machine of 11 unit of bobbins per shift with the production process cycle time of 32.32 minutes per bobbin. To improve production capacity, improvements need to be performed to reduce the cycle time of the production process. This research was conducted by applying fishbone and Pareto analysis resulting in three main research problems. SMED methodology was implemented in this research by separating two activities, namely internal setup and external setup, then turning the internal setup to external setup in order to reduce the overall processing duration. From the three main research problems, it results in processing duration reduction from 32.32 minutes to 23.18 minutes or a reduction of 28.28 percent. This reduction can improve the production capacity from 11 unit of bobbins to 16 unit of bobbins per shift or 360 unit of bobbins monthly or increasing the production capacity of 45.45 percent. This SMED program is very suitable for similar companies in cabling field and having old machines so that they do not need to invest by purchasing a new machine.
Model pengendalian kualitas produk cover bottom (electronic part) menggunakan metode lean six sigma
Authors: Wijaya Dendhy Indra , Khair Fauzi
Published: March 2020

Company shall give full attention to the quality of the products. In the electronics industry, quality control is the key to gain the loyalty of the customer. This is the basis for making improvement at the production activities, especially in controlling the quality in order to reduce the problem of scratch on the cover bottom using the six sigma DMAIC method. The purpose of this research is to analyze the factor that will cause defect to the product. The aimed target is to reduce the lower problem of defective products cover bottom 50%, it also to get the best result where previous defective products amounted to 8183 ppm has downed to 291 ppm and the level of the previous sigma 3,89σ rose to 4,94σ, the target is 4,14σ. This was result an exceed achievement from the Company’s target more than 50%. Six Sigma is the most effective tools at the present time, this will affect to eliminate defects, cut the time of making the product, eliminate unnecessary costs and the principal concept of science to support the sustainability of business which is focused on improving quality and customer satisfaction. The key success of improving quality depends on the ability to identify and solve the problems. This application may be useful and align with the company's philosophy, so that it can be expected to get the final outcome of the company.
Simulasi runway untuk mengoptimalkan kapasitas runway di Juanda International Airport dengan metode time space
Authors: Dewi Oki Anita Candra , Narulidea Winda , Kurniawan Muhammad Eka , Riza Faisal , Riza Faisal
Published: March 2020

Transportasi saat ini merupakan bagian yang sangat fundamental dalam kehidupan untuk melakukan perpindahan. Salah satu moda transportasi yang sering digunakan adalah pesawat terbang yang memiliki keuntungan secara ekonomis dibandingkan jenis transportasi lain. Teknologi pada pesawat terbang memungkinkan terjadinya peningkatan demand dari tahun ke tahun. Padatnya demand dari penumpang di Bandara Internasional Juanda Surabaya membuat antrian pesawat pada runway, salah satunya runway 10. Runway tersebut adalah ujung dari landasan pacu yang digunakan untuk take off dan landing. Runway capacity dari bandara Internasional Juanda Surabaya mempunyai kapasitas yang terbatas. Mengkaji perubahan jadwal pesawat dengan menggunakan simulasi di Bandara diharapkan dapat mengoptimalkan antrian pesawat pada single runway Bandara Internasional Juanda Surabaya. Selain itu, penelitian ini dapat meminimasi waktu tunggu pesawat di runway sebelum keberangkatan dan sebelum landing di udara. Metode yang digunakan Time Space Diagram. Untuk menguji metode tersebut dikembangkan program berbasis Microsoft Excel. Dengan melakukan penelitian menggunakan program dan metode tersebut diharapkan mendapatkan hasil yang optimal dan harapannya menjadi masukan terhadap pihak Air Navigation, sehingga lebih memudahkan pihak perusahaan untuk mengambil keputusan.
Perbaikan fasilitas kerja dengan pendekatan ergonomi di UD. Kelapa Kering Bagian Pengamplasan
Authors: Sartono Sartono
Published: March 2020

UD. Kelapa Kering merupakan salah satu IKM perusahaan home industry yang berada di wilayah sentra industri Klaten, produk yang dibuat merupakan pesanan dari pihak konsumen, seperti kerajinan-kerajinan tangan  yang terbuat dari bahan dasar kelapa. Pada UD. Kelapa Kering ini masih banyak dijumpai berbagai kondisi yang tidak ergonomis.  Hal ini dapat dilihat dari pada bagian pengamplasan kayu penggunaan fasilitas kerja yang salah berupa meja yang diduduki langsung oleh operator tanpa kursi, setiap proses kerja memiliki faktor risiko yakni Postural stress, Repetitive exertions, Sustained (static) exertion Localized mechanical (contact) streses, dan Vibration.Sehingga perlu dilakukan perbaikan secepatnya untuk meminimalkan paparan ergonomic terhadap karyawan (pekerja). pengukuran resiko kerja dengan RULA sebelum perancang ini didapatkan score 6 untuk postur tubuh tersebut,  maka postur tubuh bagian pengamplasan berada pada level 3, yaitu sangat beresiko, dan setelah melakukan pengukuran ulang tingkat resiko cidera pada bagian pengamplasan dengan menggunkan usulan perbaikan fasilitas baru maka diperoleh skor 3 yang artinya tinggkat resiko cidera rendah. sebelum bekerja dan sebelum dilakukan perancangan adalah sebesar 2.38 Kkal dan setelah bekerja sebesar 4.48 Kkal. Artinya bahwa energi yang dikeluarkan pada saat sebelum bekerja adalah sebesar 2.38 Kkal dan energi yang dikeluarkan setelah bekerja adalah sebesar 4.48 Kkal. Dengan perancangan alat meja kerja dan kursi kerja yang baru ternyata sangat berpengaruh terhadapkerja operator, dimana terjadi peningkatan padaKonsumsi energi dan oksigen pada pekerja pengamplasan semula 4,48 kkal/menit menjadi 3,54 kkal/menit.
Endozoocoria por el zorro gris pampeano, Lycalopex gymnocercus, (Carnivora: Canidae) y germinación del tala (Celtis ehrenbergiana) (Rosales: Cannabaceae)
Authors: Duarte Candela , Dellafiore Claudia M.
Published: March 2020

Introducción: Se ha observado que los zorros (Lycalopex gymnocercus) consumen frutos de “tala” (Celtis ehrenbergiana), una especie nativa de Córdoba, Argentina. Esto no implica que exista una relación mutualista, ya que las semillas pueden sufrir daños al pasar a través del tracto digestivo. Objetivos: a) Conocer si las semillas sufren daño físico al pasar a través del tracto digestivo, b) Conocer si dicho paso afecta la viabilidad, el poder germinativo, el inicio y tasa de germinación, y c) Conocer si dicho efecto cambia luego de largos períodos de permanencia de las semillas en el interior de las fecas. Métodos: Comparamos las variables en estudio entre las semillas de frutos y las obtenidas de fecas frescas y de fecas de seis años de antigüedad. Resultados: El 100% de las semillas estaban sanas, pero el inicio de germinación fue mas rápido en semillas provenientes de las fecas. Conclusión: Los zorros pueden dispersar semillas de C. ehrenbergiana y acelerar su germinación, que conservan su viabilidad aún luego de largos períodos de tiempo en las fecas.
“Jardinería” para la restauración coralina en el Golfo Dulce, Costa Rica: Una prueba práctica
Authors: Vargas Ugalde Rodolfo , Gómez Salas Cristian , Pérez Reyes Carlos , Umaña Vargas Erick , Acosta Nassar Marco
Published: March 2020

Introducción: Los corales del Golfo Dulce del Pacífico Sur de Costa Rica están desapareciendo debido a la contaminación y sedimentación por origen antrópico. Objetivo: Desarrollar una guardería de corales en Punta Encanto con el fin de establecer su viabilidad y replicarlo en otras partes del Pacífico costarricense, el estudio se realizó entre diciembre del 2014 y mayo del 2016. Metodología: Construimos una estructura de jardinería que colocamos a media columna de agua, utilizamos fragmentos de oportunidad de las especies de coral Porites lobata, Psammocora stellata y Pavona varians que colocamos en galletas de cemento y de esta forma realizamos una medición de su crecimiento en cm3 y tomamos además muestras de agua para su análisis físico químico. Resultados: Determinamos que la especie Psammocora stellata fue la de mostró mejor crecimiento, la menor concentración de nutrientes tuvo lugar a media columna de agua, los silicatos fueron los más abundantes en todo el periodo del estudio. En general, podemos decir que los niveles concentración en nutrientes son normales respecto a los reportados en otros estudios similares. La alta concentración salina y de fosfato afectó negativamente el crecimiento en todas las especies evaluadas. Conclusión: El estudio demostró la factibilidad de realizar jardinerías de coral en el Golfo Dulce como una técnica de restauración ecológica.
Pelatihan Cara Berpikir Simbolik-Matematik di SMA BOPKRI 2 Yogyakarta
Authors: Santosa Raden Gunawan , Tampubolon Junius Karel
Published: March 2020

Symbolic-Mathematical Thinking is a technique of thinking to solve mathematical problems. This technique is the result of a combination of Symbolic Logic and Mathematics. In general there are three symbolic logic activities that are applied to Mathematics, namely reading symbols, logical equivalents and logical implications.                 This Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM)  has activities to train Symbolic-Mathematical  thinking using 15 strategies for BOPKRI 2 high school students.                 The results of this training are three important things. The first result is the type of problem that is most difficult for students to face is the type of problem that requires drawing conclusions that refer to standard mathematical definitions. The second thing is for the type of use of model settlement strategies in a system and the type of seeing patterns, students tend to be able to solve problems after being given instructions on how the model fits the problem and the pattern the problem has. Whereas the third is from two groups of students the class turns out that the continuous class attending the training gets more symbolic-mathematical thinking skills improvement than the other classes.
“Leave No One Behind” in Education: Empowering Vulnerable Youth towards Self-Sustainability and Social Development
Authors: Suryani Adi , Soedarso Soedarso
Published: March 2020

Every human being has equal right to obtain proper education which prospectively promotes decent employment and life prosperity. Vulnerable children and youth are potential human resources who should be encouraged to develop themselves and meaningfully contribute to society. This study aims to explore education service and learning for encouraging orphanage youth at Panti Asuhan BJ Habibie-Surabaya to be self-sustained and potentially contributes to society. Qualitative method is adopted to meet research objectives. The data are collected through direct participant observation in a community service. The study indicates that life skill education promotes life values which support the orphans to face life challenges. Being able to be self-educated, developed and discover positive life meaning can be potential investment for the orphans to survive. The growth of contributing and meaningful vulnerable youth requires a caring society who provides just and encouraging climate for the vulnerable to learn, develop and promote intergenerational learning.
KELOMPOK PENDAMPING MAKANAN PENDAMPING ASI (KP-MPASI) DI RUMAH SEHAT ANTI STUNTING (RS-AS)
Authors: Puspita Sari Dyah Wiji
Published: March 2020

Stunting telah menjadi permasalahan gizi serius yang perlu segera ditangani. status gizi balita jawa tengah tahun 2017 pada kategori balita gizi kurang  sebanyak 17%, balita pendek sebanyak 28,5%, dan balita kurus sebanyak 9,3%. Metode yang digunakan untuk menjalankan kegiatan ini yaitu metode empowerment. Metode ini dilakukan dalam 4 (empat) tahapan, yaitu (1) sosialisasi, (2) peningkatan kompetensi, (3) pelaksanaan kegiatan, serta (4 ) monitoring dan evaluasi. Hasil dari pelaksanaan kegiatan ini yaitu KP-MPASI memberikan peran yang besar pada pemantauan status gizi ibu hamil dan baduta dalam mencegah resiko stunting. Kesimpulan dalam kegiatan ini yaitu KP-MPASI  menjadi strategi yang tepat untuk memberdayakan masyarakat dalam rangka meningkatkan kesiapan anggota keluarga untuk mencegah resiko stunting dan menjadikan KP MPASI ini sebagai salah satu program kesehatan unggulan pencegahan stunting.