bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Internet-based grief therapy program for bereaved individuals at risk: A case series study
Authors: Baş Samet , Yorulmaz Orçun
Published: March 2023

Interest in internet-based interventions has increased considerably. The effectiveness of these applications continues to be investigated for the treatment of Prolonged Grief Disorder. This study includes preliminary findings of the internet-based and therapist-supported prolonged grief intervention program developed in Turkish. The internet-based program consists of 10 written sessions, and after each session the participants receive written feedback from the therapist. The program takes approximately 6-8 weeks. The preliminary findings of the program were handled in a proof-of-concept study style based on a case series design. Self-report measures were taken from the first eight participants who completed the program at four different times (pre-test, post-test, 1st and 3rd month follow-ups). In addition, the written contents of the first and last sessions were analyzed by content analysis. As a result of the descriptive findings, remarkable decreases were observed in traumatic grief, global meaning violation, depressive symptoms, and stress levels in a significant part of the participants between pre-post and follow-up measurements. Also, five of the participants had considerable increases in meaning reconstruction scores. In addition, the results of the content analysis indicated that following the intervention, the bereaved individuals expressed less negative and more positive content, as expected. These two data show that the intervention program is promising in reducing the symptoms of Prolonged Grief Disorder in bereaved individuals and may yield good results with controlled designs for a broader range of participants.
ZAKAT ACCOUNTING GUIDELINES BASED ON COMPARISON BETWEEN ZAKAT ACCOUNTING PSAK 109 AND FAS (9) AAOIFI
Authors: M. Sudirman  , Zaenal Muhammad Hasbi , Pramono Sigid Eko
Published: March 2023

This research will analyze the Sharia Accounting as specifically which deals with the Zakat based on comparative analysis of PSAK 109 with FAS (9) AAOIFI. The method that used in this research is qualitative research and comparative descriptive that is a method which describes, compares a data and a situation and explains a situation so that a conclusion can be drawn, with in-depth interviews.
Can Firm Size, Business Growth, Capital Structure and Social Responsibility Affect Earnings Response Coefficients?
Authors: Tangngisalu Jannati
Published: March 2023

This study aims to analyze the factors that affect the Earnings Response Coefficient. The focus of this research is 52 companies from 170 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Sampling using the purposive sampling method by considering the presence of data outliers. The data was collected using documentation techniques (secondary data) and analyzed through several stages, including descriptive analysis, inferential analysis, classical assumption test (consisting of normality test, multicollinearity test, and heteroscedasticity test) multiple linear regression analysis, hypothesis testing (simultaneous test). Partial and coefficient of determination test). The results showed that this study showed that company size, company growth, capital structure, and corporate social responsibility had a positive but not significant effect on the Earnings Response Coefficient. Theoretically, this study implies that it can provide additional knowledge, as a source of information, and as a contribution to ideas in terms of developing accounting disciplines, financial management, and contributing to research development, especially regarding company size, company growth, capital structure, and CSR to ERC as input and additional references for readers. Practically, the results of this study can be used by investors who want to invest in manufacturing sector companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange to pay attention to the variables that affect ERC
Can Operating, Investment and Funding Cash Flow Increase the Stock Price of a Food and Beverage Company
Authors: Wahono Budi , Khalikussabir
Published: March 2023

This study analyzes the effect of operating, investment, and funding cash flows on stock prices in food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This study involved six companies from 14 food and beverage industry companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sampling technique used purposive sampling, with sample criteria (e.g., the company's shares remained actively operating until December 2012; the company publishes its financial statements regularly and earns a profit every year; the company has never been delisted from the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the estimation period, and financial statements have been audited and have been submitted until December 2012). Research data in the form of quantitative and qualitative data sourced directly from the respondents' responses and related documents. Data were collected using the methods of observation, interviews, and documentation. After the data was collected, data analysis was carried out consisting of classical assumption test (normality test, heteroscedasticity test, and multicollinearity test), multiple linear regression analysis, F test, and t test. The results show that operating cash flow has a positive and significant effect on stock prices, while investment and funding cash flows have a negative and significant effect on stock prices in Food and Beverage Industry Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.
The Influence of Fiscal and Monetary Policy on Indonesia's Economic Growth
Authors: Syakur Ririn Mardhani , Reviane Indraswati Tri Abdi , Paddu Abdul Hamid
Published: March 2023

The government has two policies in promoting economic growth, namely monetary policy, and fiscal policy. The purpose of this research is to see the extent to which the effectiveness of fiscal and monetary policies in influencing economic growth in Indonesia, as well as to see the effect of unemployment and investment in mediating the relationship between the dependent variables (taxes, government spending, credit interest rates, and the money supply) on economic growth. in Indonesia for the period 2000-2019. The research approach uses a quantitative approach which is carried out in the form of path analysis with time-series data in the annual period, namely from 2000 to 2019. The data used is secondary data obtained from various sites of the Indonesian Central Statistics Agency, Bank Indonesia, World Bank, etc. The results of this study are direct taxes and government spending have a positive effect on economic growth, but credit interest rates and the money supply have a negative effect. While the indirect effect of taxes and government spending on economic growth through unemployment and investment has a negative effect, interest rates and the money supply have a positive effect.
The Determinants of Exports of Leading Commodities in Encouraging Economic Growth in South Sulawesi Province
Authors: Lestari Andi Bau Kasturi , Abdireviane Indraswati Tri , Paddu Abdul Hamid
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of investment on exports, competitiveness of commodities, bilateral agreements on exports, market penetration of commodities, and the exchange rate on exports to encourage economic growth in South Sulawesi Province. Using a quantitative method with a descriptive analysis approach, carried out by the Province of South Sulawesi in 2021. The data used in this study is secondary, which is time series data for the last 20 years. Secondary data for this study were obtained from a variety of sources, including the World Bank, Uncomradely, and the BPS statistical portal, among others. The data analysis model uses the Revealed Comparative Advantage Index (RCA), the Index of Export Market Penetration (IEMP), and Two Stage Least Square (2SLS). The results of this study are: 1) investment has no significant effect on exports in encouraging economic growth; 2) competitiveness has a significant negative effect on exports in encouraging economic growth; 3) bilateral agreements do not significantly affect exports in encouraging economic growth; 4) market penetration has a significant effect on exports in encouraging economic growth; and 5) the exchange rate has a significant effect on exports in encouraging economic growth.
The Influence of Motivation, Social Media, and the Social Environment on Interest in Entrepreneurship
Authors: Husain Amiruddin
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the relationship between social media motivation and the social environment on interest in entrepreneurship. Data was obtained by distributing questionnaires to respondents, namely students of the Faculty of Economics and Business, Muslim University of Indonesia, with a total of 83 respondents. Data analysis used linear regression analysis. Data processing is done using the IBM SPSS 24 program. The results showed that motivation had a negative and significant effect on interest in entrepreneurship, social media had a positive and significant effect on interest in entrepreneurship, and the social environment had a positive and significant effect on entrepreneurial interest in students of the Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Muslim Indonesia.
The Effect of Financial Performance on the Stock Return of Consumer Goods Sector Companies
Authors: Nurpadila
Published: March 2023

This type of research is called comparative causal research. The population of this study is consumer goods companies for the period 2016-2020. Samples were taken using a purposive sampling technique. The sample consisted of 6 companies from 16 consumer goods companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2017-2020 so the research data analyzed amounted to 30. The data collection method used was documentation. The data analysis techniques used are descriptive statistics, classical assumption tests, and multiple linear regression analysis. Based on hypothesis testing using the t-test, it is concluded that the current ratio has a positive but not significant effect on stock return, the return on assets has a negative and insignificant effect on stock return, and the debt-to-equity ratio has a negative and insignificant effect on stock return.
The Influence of Dividend Policy and Net Profit Margin on Stock Prices in Pharmaceutical Sub-Sector Manufacturing Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX)
Authors: Yusuf Nurhaya , Dewi A Ratna Sari
Published: March 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of the dividend policy on stock prices of pharmaceutical sub-sector manufacturing companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange; to determine the effect of NPM on stock prices of pharmaceutical sub-sector manufacturing companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, and to determine the effect of both the dividend policy and NPM together on stock prices of pharmaceutical sub-sector manufacturing companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The population in this study are pharmaceutical companies that carry out dividend policies and net profit margins for the 2016-2020 period by selecting samples using the purposive sampling method so that a sample of five pharmaceutical companies is taken. This research uses the literature study and documentation method. The results showed that the dividend policy (DPR) had a positive and significant effect on the stock prices of pharmaceutical companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, while net profit margin (NPM) had no positive and significant effect on the stock prices of pharmaceutical companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, and the dividend policy (DPR) and net profit margin (NPM) simultaneously had a significant effect on the stock prices of pharmaceutical companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.
The Financial Technologies Utilization to Increase the Competitive Advantage of Product Marketing
Authors: Maryam Maryam Nadir , Dewi A Ratna Sari
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze the formation of an optimal stock portfolio and provide the expected rate of return and minimum portfolio risk. This type of research is descriptive with a quantitative approach. The data used in this study is secondary data, consisting of closing prices, market index (LQ45 index), seven-day repo rate, beta and alpha for the periods June 2019-June 2020 and June 2020-June 2021. The data analysis method uses Microsoft Excel program to calculate LQ45 stock index in optimal portfolio formation. The results of the study show that there are seven stocks that perform well and form an optimal portfolio, which can be sorted by stock performance, namely: MIKA (44%); JPFA (24%); ITMG (12%); INKP (11%); INDF (6%); PGAS (1%), and PTPP (2%). which produces an expected portfolio return of 13.00% and a portfolio risk level of 19.22%. Of the ten sample companies used in the study, there were three issuers that were not optimal, namely:INTP;MNCN;and PTBA, due to the value of ERB C.
The Effect of Organizational Climate and Work Motivation on Employee Performance at Sawerigading Hospital Palopo
Authors: Syarief Ahmad Syarief Iskandar , Iskandar Nurul Inayah , Muhajir Muhammad Nur Alam , Takdir
Published: March 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of organizational climate and work motivation on employee performance. This research was conducted at Sawerigading Hospital, Palopo City, South Sulawesi. This study uses a population of all employees in Sawerigading Hospital, Palopo city as many as 378, people with a sample of 194 employees drawn by the Simple Random Sampling technique using the Slovin formula. Data collection techniques are carried out to obtain the required data and information using a questionnaire. Data analysis in this study used Multiple Linear Regression Analysis through the Statistical Package for Social Setence (SPSS.23) Program. The results of this study indicate that organizational climate has a positive and significant effect on the performance of employees at Sawerigading Hospital, Palopo City,
The Influence of Transformational Leadership Style and Work Discipline on Job Performance among Maros District Education Office Employees
Authors: Rosdiana Rosdiana , Andi Syahrum  , Rina
Published: March 2023

This study aims to analyze the effect of transformational leadership style and work discipline on the work performance of employees of the Maros District Education Office. This study uses a descriptive approach (descriptive research) and an explanatory approach (explanatory research). The population in this study was 120 employees, and the sample was 92 people. The sample technique used was stratified proportional random sampling. The analysis technique used was multiple regression analysis through the SPSS 25 program. The results showed that leadership style variables, especially charisma, individual consideration, and intellectual stimulation, had a positive but not significant relationship to employee performance, and work discipline had a positive and significant relationship to employee achievement.
Current Approach to Undifferentiated Neoplasms, With Focus on New Developments and Novel Immunohistochemical Stains
Authors: Borch William R. , Monaco Sara E.
Published: March 2023

Context.—

Workup of the poorly differentiated or undifferentiated tumor remains a significant and challenging entity in the practice of anatomic pathology. Particularly in the setting of small biopsies and limited material, these cases demand a balanced approach that considers the patient’s clinical and radiologic presentation, a basic assessment of tumor morphology, a reasonably broad immunohistochemical panel, and diligent preservation of tissue for prognostic and therapeutic studies.

Objective.—

To illustrate some of the new and emerging immunohistochemical markers in the evaluation of tumors with undifferentiated or poorly differentiated morphology, with a focus on the workup in limited tissue samples to raise awareness of the issues involved with the pathologic workup in these challenging tumors.

Data Sources.—

A literature review of new ancillary studies that can be applied to cytologic specimens was performed.

Conclusions.—

Knowledge of the patient’s history and communication with the patient’s clinical team is essential in formulating a differential diagnosis that can appropriately limit the differential diagnosis based on morphology, especially in small specimens. This information, in conjunction with classifying the tumor morphology (eg, epithelioid, spindled, neuroendocrine, basaloid/biphasic, mixed) gives a logical approach to choosing an initial immunohistochemical panel. Fortunately, immunohistochemistry is evolving quickly in the wake of groundbreaking molecular studies to develop new and better markers to further classify these difficult tumors beyond where we traditionally have been able to go.
Sketsa Minoritas dan Hak di Aceh
Authors: Abdullah Otto Nur
Published: March 2023

Dari segi bahasa, rivalitas itu terjadi di dalam masyarakat berumpun bahasa Western  Malayo  Polyneisian.  Rivalitas  muncul dalam era kolonial yang  mulai memperkenalkan kategori etnis pasca kesultanan. Hal itu semakin kuat, setelah Aceh menjadi bagian dari Republik Indonesia pada 1945, karena mendefinisikan manusia Kreol  ini sebagai suku Aceh,  yang  di masa konflik  lalu  (1976-2005), sebagai bagian dari  taktik  untuk melemahkan kekuatan Aceh  Merdeka, maka diperkenalkan dikotomi baru antara suku Aceh  pesisir dan suku-suku lainnya yang  berada di   punggung Pegunungan Bukit  Barisan, dan di  pesisir Barat- Selatan.
Memahami Pembangunan Berbasis HAM
Authors: Buhaerah Pihri , Augusta Cherry
Published: March 2023

Tujuan dari  makalah ini  adalah untuk menyajikan konsep, prinsip- prinsip, dan nilai  tambah dari  pendekatan pembangunan berbasis hak   asasi  manusia  (HRBA). HRBA adalah  suatu  kerangka kerja konseptual  untuk  proses  pembangunan  manusia  yang    secara normatif didasarkan pada standar HAM internasional dan secara operasional diarahkan untuk memajukan dan melindungi hak asasi manusia. Dari perspektif ini, tujuan akhir  dari  pembangunan adalah untuk menjamin hak asasi manusia bagi semua orang. Artinya, hak asasi manusia merupakan sasaran, tujuan akhir, fokus utama pembangunan, dan mekanisme dalam perencanaan, kebijakan, dan proses pembangunan. Oleh   karena  itu,   HRBA akan  meningkatkan dan  memperbaiki kualitas pembangunan manusia karena menempatkan kesejahteraan manusia sebagai subyek pembangunan.  Kesejahteraan manusia  akan lebih   terjamin karena difokuskan pada rasa hormat terhadap martabat dan kebebasan manusia. HRBA menekankan pentingnya penguatan  pemangku kewajiban untuk memenuhi kewajiban mereka dan memberdayakan pemegang hak untuk mengklaim hak- hak mereka. Hal ini akan mengurangi kerentanan pada masyarakat yang paling terpinggirkandantermarjinalkan.Dalamsituasisepertiitu,HRBAdapatmembantu mencegah banyak konflik akibat kemiskinan, diskriminasi dan pengucilan (sosial, ekonomi dan politik)  yang  akan menurunkan derajat kualitas pembangunan itu sendiri. Akhirnya, upaya-upaya pembangunan akan menghasilkan kualitas pembangunan yang lebih baik secara berkelanjutan dengan fokus pada keadilan sosial dan pembangunan manusia yang berkelanjutan.
Islamisasi dan Kristenisasi: Isu-isu krusial di Seputar Proselitisme dan Hak Kebebasan Beragama
Authors: Djafar Alamsyah M.
Published: March 2023

Tulisan ini hendak menguji argumen bahwa segala bentuk proselitisme (penyiaran agama) khususnya yang  ditujukan kepada “yang  sudah beragama” adalah pelanggaran hukum dan karena itu harus dilarang. Sebaliknya, tulisan  ini  hendak menegaskan, proselitisme seperti dalam bentuk aktivitas islamisasi dan kristenisasi yang  dilakukan dengan cara damai kepada umat lain, menjadi elemen dasar kebebasan beragama yang  dijamin UUD 1945  dan instrumen internasional yang  sudah diratifikasi. Pelarangan proselitisme kepada yang  sudah beragama adalah pelanggaran kebebasan  beragama.  Proselitisme hanya sah  dilarang jika  ditujukan  di antaranya, dan tidak   terbatas,  kepada anak-anak yang   berbeda agama/ keyakinan, ditujukan kepada orang dewasa yang berbeda agama di antaranya dengan cara-cara intimidatif, menciptakan ketergantungan  antara  pelaku proselitisme dengan sasaran proselitisme, mengambil jalan  kekerasan, dan cuci otak. Namun untuk memastikan agar aktivitas tidak  melahirkan sikap- sikap  intoleransi bahkan konflik berbasis agama/keyakinan, diperlukan nilai- nilai etik bersama proselitisme yang  bersifat universal.
Kehutanan, Sumber Daya Alam dan Masyarakat Adat di Papua Pasca Keputusan MK No.35/PUU- X/2012 tentang Hak Masyarakat Adat Atas Wilayah Kehutanan
Authors: Franky Yafet Leonard
Published: March 2023

Keputusan Mahkamah Konstitusi (MK) atas perkara Nomor 35/PUU-X/2012 untuk Undang-Undang Nomor 41 tentang Kehutanan menegaskan bahwa definisi hutan adat telah berubah menjadi “hutan adat adalah hutan yang berada dalam wilayah masyarakat hukum adat” dan hutan adat bukan lagi bagian dari hutan negara, melainkan bagian dari hutan hak. Keputusan MK ini   mengubah   konstelasi   politik   hukum   dibidang   kehutanan,   semula mengabaikan  keberadaan  dan  hak  masyarakat  adat,  menjadi  mengakui masyarakat adat sebagai subjek hukum serta hak-haknya atas tanah, hutan dan sumber daya alam lainnya. Namun demikian keputusan MK Nomor 35 tersebut  menolak  mengenai  pengakuan  bersyarat  terhadap  keberadaan masyarakat hukum adat dan hak-haknya atas hutan, sebagaimana diatur dalam pasal 67. Semestinya politik rekognisi ini tidak berlaku bagi provinsi yang  sudah  mengakui  keberadaan  masyarakat  hukum  adat  khususnya Provinsi Papua dan Papua Barat yang memiliki Undang-Undang Nomor 21Tahun 2001 tentang Otonomi Khusus Papua. Papua juga memiliki beberapa Perdasus yang mengatur mengenai pengakuan masyarakat hukum adat, tapi hal ini justru malah menghambat pengembalian hak ulayat. Tentu saja keputusan MK Nomor 35 ini juga berimplikasi pada kepentingan investasi di sektor  kehutanan  yang  selama  puluhan  tahun  mendapat  konsesi  dari negara.
Komparasi Nilai Penguatan Hak Penyandang Disabilitas dalam Lex Posterior dan Lege Priori
Authors: Daming Saharuddin
Published: March 2023

Pembaharuan  hukum  merupakan   sebuah   keniscayaan  dalam  setiap negara maupun masyarakat. Selain sebagai respon atas tuntutan dinamika masyarakat  yang terus berubah,  juga merupakan  agen  perubahan sosial dalam memperkuat dan menyempurnakan sistem kelembagaan masyarakat tersebut. Penyandang Disabilitas sebagai bagian yang tak terpisahkan dari semua  elemen  bangsa,  kini telah  memperoleh pencerahan secara  legal formal dengan hadirnya  UU Nomor 8 Tahun  2016 tentang Penyandang Disabilitas sebagai hukum baru (Lex Posterior) menggantikan hukum lama (Lege  Priori) yaitu UU Nomor  4 Tahun 1997 tentang Penyandang Cacat dengan peraturan pelaksanaannya. Nilai perbandingan keduanya, sangat terasa  pada  aspek  penguatan hak  Penyandang  Disabilitas itu  sendiri. Betapa  tidak  karena    materi  muatan   Lege Priori  masih  menggunakan paradigma  pendekatan berbasis  belas kasihan, terlalu umum,  segregatif dan  limitatif dalam  penghormatan,  perlindungan, dan  pemenuhan  hak Penyandang Disabilitas. Sedangkan  materi muatan  Lex Posterior telah menggunakan paradigma  pendekatan berbasis  HAM, perlakuan  khusus, inklusif, dan bersifat meluas (ekstensif ). Kita berharap  Lex Posterior dapat menjadi instrumen  strategis dalam mendobrak segala bentuk diskriminasi, marjinalisasi  dan   kerentanan  yang   mendera  Penyandang  Disabilitas menuju  taman  sari kehidupan  yang  benar-benar sejahtera,  inklusif dan bermartabat.
Pendidikan dan Penyuluhan Hak Asasi Manusia: Refleksi Program Komnas HAM Periode 2012-2017 1
Authors: Hartono Mimin Dwi
Published: March 2023

Pendidikan HAM dapat didefinisikan sebagai pendidikan, pelatihan, dan penyebaran informasi yang bertujuan membangun budaya universal mengenai HAM. Pendidikan HAM yang efektif tak hanya memberikan pengetahuan tentang HAM dan mekanisme melindunginya, tetapi juga mengembangkan kemampuan yangdibutuhkanuntukmendorong,mempertahankandanmengimplementasikan HAM dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Tulisan ini memaparkan perjalanan dari pelaksanaan fungsi pendidikan dan penyuluhan Komnas HAM selama periode 2012-2017, evaluasi, dan rekomendasi. Sepanjang lima tahun terakhir, Subkomisi Pendidikan dan Penyuluhan telah melakukan  berbagai  bentuk  kegiatan,  meliputi  pelatihan,  Training of Trainers (ToT), penyuluhan, kampanye, pameran, pengelolaan website dan media sosial, serta kegiatan kerja sama. Secara garis besar, refleksi kegiatan selama lima tahun dipaparkan dibawah dengan membaginya menjadi dua periodisasi, yaitu 2012-2014 dan 2015-2017.
Mengintegrasikan Ham Ke Dalam Kebijakan Dan Praktik Perusahaan
Authors: Mulyana Asep
Published: March 2023

Perdebatan tentang bisnis dan  HAM menyeruak dalam  diplomasi internasional pada  1990-an. Debat  itu didorong  oleh makin kuatnya  peran  dan posisi ekonomi- politik perusahaan-perusahaan multinasional, utamanya perusahaan yang bergerak di sektor pertambangan yang bersifat ekstraktif. Di sisi lain, kontrol negara terhadap operasi perusahaan-perusahaan itu juga kian melemah. Operasi perusahaan multinasional di berbagai  belahan  dunia dapat  memberi efek positif bagi kemajuan ekonomi,  namun  juga  berdampak negatif  bagi  penikmatan HAM. Fenomena ini mendorong inisiatif dari Perserikatan Bangsa Bangsa (PBB) untuk menyusun kerangka dan  panduan  bagi  komunitas   bisnis  dalam  penghormatan, perlindungan, dan pemulihan  HAM. Kerangka kerja PBB ini menjadi alat yang memandu perusahaan untuk  mengintegrasikan HAM dalam  kebijakan dan praktik perusahaan, sehingga di masa  depan,  perusahaan bukan  saja dapat  meminimalisasi resiko dan  dampak terhadap HAM dalam  operasinya,  tetapi  bahkan  dapat  berkontribusi  positif bagi penikmatan HAM.
Bioremediation: Review on oil spill management using oil eating microorganisms, and spill effects on marine and terrestrial environment
Authors: Ain Qurat Ul , Rehman Aziz Ur , Abbasi Madiha
Published: March 2023

With never ending increase in usage and demand of petroleum products worldwide chances of its spill also increase. Oil spills directly affect marine as well as terrestrial ecosystem, as petroleum product became source of water pollution. Marine shorelines serve as home to variety of wildlife oil spills thus destroying habitat of different animals by polluting coastline. Fishes and birds being the main victims. Different physical and chemical methods are used to manage oil spills. However bioremediation is considered as best procedure to manage oil spills around the world. Bioremediation uses the oil loving microbes (lyophilic) to cope oil spills, microbes are cable of destroying complex chemical compounds, some bacteria consume hydrocarbon as their ultimate energy and carbon source. Although process is considered as highly effective the rate at which degradation occur is very slow to prevent oil effecting shore and marine ecosystem, generally  due to limitation of availability of nutrients which are generally nitrogen and phosphorous. Two type of methods are generally involved in bioremediation, these include bio augmentation and bio stimulation. In bio augmentation biodegradable bacteria are added to existing population at effected site while in bio stimulation, is addition of nutrients to make process more effective and efficient. Latest technology introduce use of nanoparticles in bioremediation. Along with bacteria some microalgae are under consideration for effective bioremediation. Challenges involve in biodegradation include slow bioremediation of polycyclic hydrocarbons of high molecular weight, i.e. asphaltenes can be difficult to deal .While failure of some techniques which are successful in laboratory at effected site is another problem .The review focus on oil spill effects, new trends in bioremediation developing technique and microbial bioremediation agents.
Investigating the Problems in Speaking English as a Second Language: A Study of Sindh University Undergraduate Students
Authors: Ahmedani Mir Muhammad , Zafar Ammara , Munir Sadia , Komal Hira
Published: March 2023

The present study aimed to investigate the problems in speaking English as a second language in the Institute of English language and literature at the University of Sindh Jamshoro. The research paradigm was qualitative, and the tool for this study was an open-ended questionnaire that was distributed among the 40 students of IELL, including both male and female students who participated in this work and had their previous education from both private and public academic sectors. The results revealed the problems occurred to the students while speaking. This research explains the problems faced by the students of IELL by dividing them into three categories. The first category is linguistic problems, including vocabulary, pronunciation, and grammar. The second category is psychological and external problems, including low motivation, anxiety, negative attitude towards the target language, and no environment for second language English. The last category is teaching methods and materials problems, including untrained teachers, traditional teaching methods, and syllabus problems. These problems are common in the ESL context due to the faulty education system. The last part of the study recommends some steps to be taken by the students, schools, and future researchers regarding speaking skills improvements.
Critical Discourse Analysis of Emma Watson’s Speech at ‘He for She’ Campaign
Authors: Mehmood Shabeena Tahir
Published: March 2023

Critical Discourse analysis (CDA) is an important approach to analyzing language and its relationship with power and dominance. Generally, the methodology of CDA claims that the discourse is socially constructed, and most politicians, social counselors, and speakers use discourse in their speeches and lectures to promote their ideologies, to have a great dominancy on the audience or listeners, social orders and to exert power. The  urrent study has been conducted for the CDA of Emma Watson’s speech delivered at the United Nation’s (UN) campaign ‘’HeforShe’ by applying the Fairclough 3-Dimentional model. It mainly focuses on the ideological context behind the discourse of a speaker, the researcher also seeks to identify the economical and  ociopolitical reasons that may influence the speaker to deliver that speech in a selected manner.
Exploring the Role of English Language Teachers in Developing Reading Habits among Secondary School Students through Libraries
Authors: Khan Nasir Ullah , Shabbir Nida , Zaman Tahira Adeel
Published: March 2023

Reading culture enables people to learn, grow, strive for personal betterment, and pursue innovative goals. The school library has a significant impact on its users' love of reading and serves as a source of inspiration. This study sought to understand how the secondary school section's pupils could develop a reading culture through the use of the school library. The goals were to research how secondary school students use the school library to establish their reading habits and how English language teachers can help students develop their reading habits. The network diagram of the variables' conceptual framework served as the study's compass. The research used a descriptive survey methodology. Conveniently, a school was chosen. In addition, 25 English teachers from the school were identified in order to collect information about how they help pupils develop good reading habits. A total of 80 students from secondary schools were employed in the sample, including 80 students chosen using purposive sampling in the Secondary Section. Both open-ended and closed-ended questionnaires were used to obtain the data. It was determined that students used the library to do their projects, do research, and take notes, but they also visited the library at a distinct time slot once a week when they could read and write reviews. English language teachers had a variety of responsibilities, such as encouraging pupils to read; proposing books to librarians from various genres, and helping students create in-class libraries. The conclusion is that because of their exam-focused curriculum, kids don't have enough time for leisure reading. As a result, schools should add more library time to their class schedules to encourage students to develop a reading habit.
Assessing the Technology and Innovation Used for Business Development by Albanian SME
Authors: VOKA Ismet , RUXHO Filip
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the technology and innovation used for business development by Albanian SMEs. This paper investigates if Albanian companies use innovation or integrate technology components into their daily activities with the purpose of developing their business. The instrument used was a questionnaire of 50 items and the participants where Albanian organizations (N = 163) from different sectors of the economy. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 20. Findings show that the sales team of these companies uses computer systems on the ground to manage customerrelated business activities such as sales, billing, at a rate of 25.5% at a time when 74.5% of them do not use it purpose. The trade sector uses these systems the most (45.8%) followed by the Manufacturing sector (40%). Other data show that 95.1% of businesses think they have improved their products/services satisfactorily over the past 12 months, while only 4.9% of them do not think so. As far as product design/services are concerned, 40.5% choose to apply international standards, 37.4% of them think and create their own, while 19% of them use a mix of both methods.
Trademark, the marketing name of the business
Authors: BELLO Kreshnik , ILOLLARI Orkida , NDOKA Sokol
Published: March 2023

Any sign which is „capable of distinguishing“ the products or services of one business from the products or services of another business is capable of constituting a trademark. As the essential function of a trademark is to exclusively identify the commercial origin of products or services, any sign which fulfills this purpose may be registrable as a trademark. The symbol (™) is a symbol to indicate that the preceding mark is a trademark. It is usually used for unregistered trademarks, as opposed to the registered trademark symbol (®) which is reserved for trademarks registered with the appropriate government agency. Trademarks and the rights they grant, are seen as one of the most important issues in the strategic mangement of the business organizations. Under this general framework, it is important for us to understand the role of mark in the marketing of product/service the level of importance of the trademarks and their rights management, in business organizations in Albania. So, the purpose of this research is to investigate the role of mark in the marketing of product/servicein business organizations in Albania, as well as to find out if a relationship between role of mark in the marketing of product/service and other specified managerial issues, is present in such organizations. The research is based on the testing of the main Hypothesis, expressed as: H0. Trademark does not play an important role in the marketing of product/service in the business organizations in Albania; and on the testing of six other Sub-Hypotheses, trying to find out if a relationship, between role of mark in the marketing of product/service and other specified variables, is present in such organizations. The research is based on primary and secondary data collection. Some conclusions are also specified at the end of this paper.
©, the protector of the original intellectual works
Authors: BELLO Kreshnik , SELAJ Bledi
Published: March 2023

Imagination feeds progress in the arts as well as science. Music, painting, sculpture, architecture, novels and other works of art, are created by individuals who are not content with the old, and instead see and express ideas and emotions in new ways. Copyright protects original works of authorship fixed in a tangible medium of expression. It protects literature (e.g. poetry, musical lyrics, writings, software, etc.), drama, music and choreographic works, pictorial, graphic and sculptural works (e.g. drawings, photos, blue prints, computer screen displays associated with software, buildings, etc.), and many other intellectual works. Original works are protected upon fixation. Notice, e.g. „© Name, Year, All Rights Reserved“, is not required, but is recommended. It bars innocent infringement defenses and may deter some copying. The copyrighted work may also be registered at the Copyright Office. Registration is generally required for filing an infringement action and provides enhanced remedies. Copyright registration is therefore recommended for works having commercial significance. Copyright management (protection) is seen as an important issue in the management of the firms and institutions, whose key products include written or audio and video materials. Those firms use copyright actively for protection. Under this general framework, it is important for us to understand (research) if the Copyright/s is/are important, for those entities. The methodology used in this paper is unfolded with its own dimensions as: specification of the research subjects, tools used for the research, sampling, implementation plan, ethical issues and presentation of the research findings. The research is based on primary and secondary data collection and on the testing of the main Hypothesis. Some important conclusions are given at the end of the paper.
The use of debt as a tax avoidance form in Albania
Authors: MEKA Elvin , ISA Ilva , NGJELA Krisela
Published: March 2023

Under the Albanian law, the entrepreneurship may be organized in any of the following forms: the sole entrepreneur, general partnerships, Limited Liability Companies (Shpk), Joint Stock Companies (SH.A). Limited Liability Companies, otherwise known in Albanian law as “sh.p.k”, are companies founded by natural or legal persons whose liability for obligations undertaken by company are limited to their contribution and the share is divided in proportion of the contribution. The basic capital of a “sh.p.k” (or LLC) is fixed to ALL 100 and cannot offer its shares in public. Our research interest will be focused on Limited Liability Companies and their financing activities. These activities include financing in forms of debts or loans and owner’s contribution. Otherwise, the owner may grant funds to the business, the loan is formal with a contract including interest; interest on the loan is taxable to the owner personally when it is repaid. The repayment of the principal is not taxable, since one has already paid the taxes on it and this is the first reason why we often find “Owners Liabilities/loans” in the liability section of the balance sheet. As this item, found in the balance sheet can be included, funds are withdrawn by the owner for “an illegal” purpose, such as bribery. Many companies face bribery and other non-declared transactions. There appears to be no unified definitions of bribery that specifically states what is considered bribery. However, it is globally recognized as giving a reward or ‘knockback’ to a person, in an attempt to sway opinions or behaviors for personal advantages. In this paper, we look through a descriptive and comparative analysis at how companies use debt to avoid tax, actions and policies government is expected to take and what is the current approach to combating this form of tax avoidance, and what more needs to be done. The focus of this paper is to consider debt as a deductible cost, but many of the same issues arise for other deductible costs, such as management fees, insurance contracts or intellectual property fees. The aim will be to have a look at how companies account for bribes paid to third parties in their financial statements and what should be done to detect and prevent this phenomenon?
Developing a Strategy to facilitate Knowledge Transfer across Muli-Generation Workforce
Authors: MARGILAJ Edlira
Published: March 2023

Demographic changes have influenced that the companies around of the world to have an increasingly diverse workforce. This is in terms of experience, culture, age groups (generations), level of knowledge etc. Differences between the generations of the workforce and the aging of the workforce, carry the risk of losing the knowledge, that experts or knowledge workers possess when they leave the organization (retirement or voluntary dismissals). The transfer of knowledge from knowledge workers or experts to new or less experienced employees is an important issue for organizations, particularly with regard to the transfer of hidden knowledge. Despite the importance of the issue, few articles examine how to use knowledge management to transfer knowledge in today’s multi-generational workforce. Recognizing the differences between the generations of the workforce will help the managers of the organizations to determine strategies and methods for transferring knowledge across these multi-generational workforce. The purpose of the paper is to draw attention to the necessity of creation and maintenance of organization memory across transferring knowledge and to provide guidelines for organization management to transferring knowledge across multigenerational workforce. To recognize the characteristics between the generations of the workforce, as one of the success factors for the transfer of knowledge, the field literature has been explored. Thereafter statistical data have served to support the imperative importance of transferring knowledge from older (holders) to younger (needy). Mentoring has been introduced as the most used method for incorporating knowledge within the organization.
Subvertendo a gramática
Authors: Silva Bárbara Amaral da
Published: March 2023

A partir das noções de paródia, credibilidade e legitimidade, vindas principalmen­te dos estudos em Análise do Discurso e de ideias da Sociolinguística, pretendemos desenvolver uma breve comparação entre a Grammatica Expositiva – Curso Supe­rior (46ª ed.:1926), de Eduardo Carlos Pereira, que a princípio se coloca como uma gramática apenas descritiva, e a Grammatica Portugueza pelo Methodo Confuso, escrita por Mendes Fradíque (4ª ed.: 1985). Observamos que a primeira afirma ser expositiva quando é claramente prescritiva. A obra de Mendes Fradique, por sua vez, parodia as gramáticas prescritivas, criticando esse bom uso. Para isso, utiliza-se do humor e da ironia. Com o objetivo de comprovar o que foi dito acima, se­lecionamos alguns conceitos apresentados pelas obras em questão, verificando o posicionamento que cada uma assume. Entre eles estão os próprios conceitos de gramática e de língua.
Índices linguísticos e para-linguísticos da gestão da emoção e da projeção de ethos no discurso de Marina Silva, no programa Jô 11/2
Authors: Lessa Cláudio Humberto
Published: March 2023

Estudos têm mostrado como a mídia transformou profundamente a eloquência política: cf. Rubim (2004) e Courtine (2006). Passou-se a adotar uma retórica mar­cada por um estilo dialogado e familiar; valorizam-se mais as imagens e a vida pri­vada dos políticos que suas ideias. Neste artigo, apresento o resultado de uma aná­lise de uma entrevista concedida pela ex-ministra Marina Silva ao apresentador Jô Soares em seu talk show. Observo como a entrevistada busca, por meio de recursos verbais e para-verbais, exercer um controle de suas emoções, fundamentando-se mais em argumentos baseados no logos. Para analisar a diversidade plurissemiótica desse discurso, opero com os conceitos de modalização e modulação abordados por Vion (1992; 2003). Entendo o discurso como uma atividade dialógica de pro­dução textual, determinada por fatores históricos e culturais, sempre relacionada a uma situação de comunicação na qual os sujeitos comunicantes exercem papeis sociais, manifestam posicionamentos, assumem uma atitude ativa e responsiva no processo comunicativo: respondem a enunciados anteriores (interdiscursos) e pro­jetam sua comunicação prevendo destinatários potenciais.
Strategi Pembinaan Gereja Pada Keluarga Kristen Dalam Pembentukan Karakter Anak Remaja Era Milenial Di Jemaat GKI Siloam Perumnas II Waena
Authors: Nadia Siloinyanan Selviana
Published: March 2023

Karakter merupakan bagian penting dalam hidup manusia. Karakter seseorang akan mempengaruhi status sosial dan kesuksesan yang diperoleh. Pembentukan karakter selalu dimulai dalam keluarga, sebab keluarga merupakan lingkungan primer tempat manusia bertumbuh. Namun, pembentukkan dan pembinaan karakter ini perlu disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan zaman, sebab perkembangan zaman akan mempengaruhi pandangan masyarakat sosial dalam menerima karakter individu atau kelompok yang tercermin melalui pola pikir, tindakan, serta ucapan. Oleh karena itu, keluarga yang merupakan dasar bagi seorang individu perlu mengetahui peran dan fungsinya dalam pembentukkan karakter. Dasar pembentukkan karakter, khususnya dalam keluarga Kristen perlu disesuaikan dengan ajaran Yesus Kristus yang termuat dalam Alkitab, dan dikontekstualisasikan, direkonstruksi, dan direalisasikan sesuai dengan kebutuhan setiap jemaat, sehingga pembentukkan dan pembinaan karakter anak remaja menjawab kebutuhan zaman yang terus mengalami perubahan.
Peranan Freidrech Tometten Di Sekolah Alkitab Apahapsili-Yalimo Tahun 1989 - 1997
Authors: Mesak Irianto Katiho Stefano
Published: March 2023

Jurnal ini mengulas peranan dari Freidrech Tometten yang mengajar di Sekolah Alkitab Apahapsili-Yalimo. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah melihat pola pendidikan yang dipakai oleh Freidrech Tometten dalam mengajar para murid yang dipersiapkan untuk menjadi Guru Injil dipelosok tanah Papua. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan bertatapan langsung dan berinteraksi dengan subject dan objeck penelitian. Sumber data dari penelitian ini adalah hasil wawancara dengan Freidrech Tometten sebagai object utama dan beberapa guru Injil yang pernah menjadi muridnya. Adapun hasil yang didapatkan ialah ada beberapa pola yang digunakan oleh Tometten dalam mengajar yaitu, dengan metode percakapan atau  diskusi, metode gambar dan metode drama. Metode ini sangat efektif digunakan oleh para murid karena lebih mudah dan cepat dipahami dan dapat digunakan secara langsung.

Dalam peranannya sebagai pengajar pola pendidikan yang digunakan merupakan pola pendidikan yang sudah digunakan atau dilakukan oleh beberapa pengajar sebelumnya hanya beberapa hal yang ditambahkan oleh Tometten dalam mengajar para murid. Pola pendidikan yang dipakai oleh Tometten merupakan pola pendidikan yang mengajarkan siswa untuk mandiri dan menjadi penginjil yang hebat.
Propuesta de intervención para favorecer la convivencia y la comunicación, a través de la Musicoterapia, en Educación Primaria.
Authors: Alonso Marta
Published: March 2023

La presente propuesta de intervención abarca un trabajo musicoterapéutico a nivel educativo, el cual propone una actuación para la mejora de la convivencia y la comunicación de niños entre 10 y 12 años que cursan actualmente tercer ciclo de Educación Primaria. Para este fin, se exponen a continuación el estado de las intervenciones musicoterapeuticas en el ámbito educativo, el entorno y las características de sus participantes, así como los recursos necesarios para llevar a cabo el proyecto. De igual forma, se detallan una serie de actividades con las que se trabajarán componentes sociales para la mejora de las relaciones personales. El desarrollo de este trabajo perseguiría alcanzar los siguientes objetivos: mejorar la convivencia del grupo y su interacción, fomentar la creación de un espacio de comunicación y expresión de sentimientos, prevenir futuros problemas en las relaciones sociales, y desarrollar, mediante habilidades musicales, la inteligencia emocional.