bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cohort profile of PLUTO: a perioperative biobank focusing on prediction and early diagnosis of postoperative complications
Authors: de Mul Nikki , Verlaan Diede , Ruurda Jelle P , van Grevenstein Wilhelmina M U , Hagendoorn Jeroen , de Borst Gert-Jan , Vriens Menno R , de Bree Remco , Zweemer Ronald P , Vogely Charles , Haitsma Mulier Jelle L G , Vernooij Lisette M , Reitsma Johannes B , de Zoete Marcel R , Top Janetta , Kluijtmans Jan A J , Hoefer Imo E , Noordzij Peter , Rettig Thijs , Marsman Marije , de Smet Anne Marie G A , Derde Lennie , van Waes Judith , Rijsdijk Mienke , Schellekens Willem Jan M , Bonten Marc J M , Slooter Arjen J C , Cremer Olaf L
Published: April 2023

Purpose

Although elective surgery is generally safe, some procedures remain associated with an increased risk of complications. Improved preoperative risk stratification and earlier recognition of these complications may ameliorate postoperative recovery and improve long-term outcomes. The perioperative longitudinal study of complications and long-term outcomes (PLUTO) cohort aims to establish a comprehensive biorepository that will facilitate research in this field. In this profile paper, we will discuss its design rationale and opportunities for future studies.

Participants

Patients undergoing elective intermediate to high-risk non-cardiac surgery are eligible for enrolment. For the first seven postoperative days, participants are subjected to daily bedside visits by dedicated observers, who adjudicate clinical events and perform non-invasive physiological measurements (including handheld spirometry and single-channel electroencephalography). Blood samples and microbiome specimens are collected at preselected time points. Primary study outcomes are the postoperative occurrence of nosocomial infections, major adverse cardiac events, pulmonary complications, acute kidney injury and delirium/acute encephalopathy. Secondary outcomes include mortality and quality of life, as well as the long-term occurrence of psychopathology, cognitive dysfunction and chronic pain.

Findings to date

Enrolment of the first participant occurred early 2020. During the inception phase of the project (first 2 years), 431 patients were eligible of whom 297 patients consented to participate (69%). Observed event rate was 42% overall, with the most frequent complication being infection.

Future plans

The main purpose of the PLUTO biorepository is to provide a framework for research in the field of perioperative medicine and anaesthesiology, by storing high-quality clinical data and biomaterials for future studies. In addition, PLUTO aims to establish a logistical platform for conducting embedded clinical trials.

Trial registration number

NCT05331118.
Evaluation of the US detention standards to protect the health and dignity of migrants: a systematic review of national health standards
Authors: Tejkl Lauren , Tellez David , McLaughlin Dana , Savold Jordan , Vasquez Cyndy , Abrahim Orit , Spiegel Paul
Published: April 2023

Objective

The US government detains hundreds of thousands of migrants across a network of facilities each year. This research aims to evaluate the completeness of standards across US detention agencies to protect the health and dignity of migrants.

Design

Five documents from three US agencies were examined in a systematic review: Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE; 3), Customs and Border Protection (CBP; 1) and Office of Refugee Resettlement (ORR; 1). Standards within five public health categories (health, hygiene, shelter, food and nutrition, protection) were extracted from each document and coded by subcategory and area. Areas were classified as critical, essential or supportive. Standards were measured for specificity, measurability, attainability, relevancy and timeliness (SMART), resulting in a sufficiency score (0%–100%). Average sufficiency scores were calculated for areas and agencies.

Results

711 standards were extracted within 5 categories, 12 subcategories and 56 areas. 284 standards of the 711 standards were included in multiple (2–7) areas, resulting in 1173 standards counted as many times as each was included. On average, 85.4% of standards were specific, 87.1% measurable, 96.6% attainable and 74.9% time-bound. All standards were considered relevant. CBP standards were the least sufficient across all other SMART components, when compared with ICE and ORR.

Conclusions

There are disparate detention standards based on agencies’ mandates and type of facility contracts. Migrants should be ensured of their public health rights and services in all spaces they occupy, and for any length of time regardless of who manages the facility. As long as detention remains a policy, the US should develop comprehensive, consistent and complementary standards for all detention facilities or pursue alternatives to detention.
Behavioural factors associated with fear of litigation as a driver for the increased use of caesarean sections: a scoping review
Authors: Elaraby Sarah , Altieri Elena , Downe Soo , Erdman Joanna , Mannava Sunny , Moncrieff Gill , Shamanna B R , Torloni Maria Regina , Betran Ana Pilar
Published: April 2023

Objective

To explore the behavioural drivers of fear of litigation among healthcare providers influencing caesarean section (CS) rates.

Design

Scoping review.

Data sources

We searched MEDLINE, Scopus and WHO Global Index (1 January 2001 to 9 March 2022).

Data extraction and synthesis

Data were extracted using a form specifically designed for this review and we conducted content analysis using textual coding for relevant themes. We used the WHO principles for the adoption of a behavioural science perspective in public health developed by the WHO Technical Advisory Group for Behavioural Sciences and Insights to organise and analyse the findings. We used a narrative approach to summarise the findings.

Results

We screened 2968 citations and 56 were included. Reviewed articles did not use a standard measure of influence of fear of litigation on provider’s behaviour. None of the studies used a clear theoretical framework to discuss the behavioural drivers of fear of litigation. We identified 12 drivers under the three domains of the WHO principles: (1) cognitive drivers: availability bias, ambiguity aversion, relative risk bias, commission bias and loss aversion bias; (2) social and cultural drivers: patient pressure, social norms and blame culture and (3) environmental drivers: legal, insurance, medical and professional, and media. Cognitive biases were the most discussed drivers of fear of litigation, followed by legal environment and patient pressure.

Conclusions

Despite the lack of consensus on a definition or measurement, we found that fear of litigation as a driver for rising CS rates results from a complex interaction between cognitive, social and environmental drivers. Many of our findings were transferable across geographical and practice settings. Behavioural interventions that consider these drivers are crucial to address the fear of litigation as part of strategies to reduce CS.
Gaining consensus on clinical quality outcomes for eating disorders: Framework for the development of an Australian national minimum dataset
Authors: Bryant Emma , Broomfield Catherine , Burrows Jennifer , McLean Sian , Marks Peta , Maloney Danielle , Touyz Stephen , Maguire Sarah
Published: April 2023

Objectives

Eating disorders (EDs) are complex psychiatric illnesses requiring multidisciplinary care across both mental and medical healthcare settings. Currently, no nationally comprehensive, consistent, agreed on or mandated data set or data collection strategy exists for EDs in Australia: thus, little is known about the outcomes of care nor treatment pathways taken by individuals with EDs. InsideOut Institute was contracted by the Australian Government Department of Health to develop a minimum dataset (MDS) for the illness group with consideration given to data capture mechanisms and the scoping of a national registry.

Design

A four-step modified Delphi methodology was used, including national consultations followed by three rounds of quantitative feedback by an expert panel.

Setting

Due to social distancing protocols throughout the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the study was conducted online using video conferencing (Zoom and Microsoft Teams) (Step 1), email communication and the REDCap secure web-based survey platform (Steps 2–4).

Participants

14 data management organisations, 5 state and territory government departments of health, 2 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander advising organisations and 28 stakeholders representing public and private health sectors across Australia participated in consultations. 123 ED experts (including lived experience) participated in the first quantitative round of the Delphi survey. Retention was high, with 80% of experts continuing to the second round and 73% to the third.

Main outcome measures

Items and categories endorsed by the expert panel (defined a priori as >85% rating an item or category ‘very important’ or ‘imperative’).

Results

High consensus across dataset items and categories led to the stratification of an identified MDS. Medical status and quality of life were rated the most important outcomes to collect in an MDS. Other items meeting high levels of consensus included anxiety disorders, depression and suicidality; type of treatment being received; body mass index and recent weight change.

Conclusions

Understanding presentation to and outcomes from ED treatment is vital to drive improvements in healthcare delivery. A nationally agreed MDS has been defined to facilitate this understanding and support improvements.
Neural network reconstructions for the Hubble parameter, growth rate and distance modulus
Authors: Gómez-Vargas Isidro , Medel-Esquivel Ricardo , García-Salcedo Ricardo , Vázquez J. Alberto
Published: April 2023

This paper introduces a new approach to reconstruct cosmological functions using artificial neural networks based on observational measurements with minimal theoretical and statistical assumptions. By using neural networks, we can generate computational models of observational datasets, and then we compare them with the original ones to verify the consistency of our method. This methodology is applicable to even small-size datasets. In particular, we test the proposed method with data coming from cosmic chronometers, $$f\sigma _8$$

f

σ
8

measurements, and the distance modulus of the Type Ia supernovae. Furthermore, we introduce a first approach to generate synthetic covariance matrices through a variational autoencoder, using the systematic covariance matrix of the Type Ia supernova compilation.
Dark matter fluid constraints from galaxy rotation curves
Authors: Perković Dalibor , Štefančić Hrvoje
Published: April 2023

Galaxy rotation curves are considered to be convincing evidence for dark matter or some dynamically equivalent alternative mechanism. Starting only from the rotation curve data, we present a model independent approach of testing a general hypothesis that dark matter has the properties of a barotropic fluid. It is shown how the speed of sound squared can be expressed in terms of rotation curve data and their radial derivatives and how model independent constraints can be obtained from the requirements that it is confined between 0 and $$c^2$$

c
2

. Using the Milky Way rotation curve data available in the literature, we obtain the constraints on the barotropic fluid speed of sound and illustrate the potential of this approach. Technical challenges, limitations and possible future extensions and improvements of the proposed approach are discussed.
Update of Muonium 1S–2S transition frequency
Authors: Cortinovis Irene , Ohayon Ben , de Sousa Borges Lucas , Janka Gianluca , Golovizin Artem , Zhadnov Nikita , Crivelli Paolo
Published: April 2023

We present an updated value of the Muonium 1S–2S transition frequency, highlighting contributions from different QED corrections as well as the large uncertainty in the Dirac contribution, stemming from the uncertainty of the electron to muon mass ratio. Improving the measurement of this spectral line would allow to extract a more accurate determination of fundamental constants, such as the electron to muon mass ratio or, combined with the Muonium hyperfine splitting, an independent value of the Rydberg constant. Furthermore, we report on the current status of the Mu-MASS experiment, which aims at measuring the Muonium 1S–2S transition frequency at a $$10\hbox {kHz}$$

10
kHz

uncertainty level.

Graphic abstract
Multi-party semiquantum private comparison of size relationship with d-dimensional Bell states
Authors: Lian Jiang-Yuan , Li Xia , Ye Tian-Yu
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we utilize d-dimensional Bell states to construct a multi-party semiquantum private comparison (MSQPC) protocol with two supervisors, which can determine the size relationship of more than two classical users’ private inputs under the control of two supervisors within one round implementation. The two supervisors, i.e., one quantum third party (TP) and one classical TP, are both semi-honest, which means that they can misbehave at their own wishes but are not permitted to conspire with anyone else. Neither quantum entanglement swapping nor unitary operations are required in the proposed MSQPC protocol. The security analysis certifies that the proposed MSQPC protocol can overcome both the outside attacks and the participant attacks.
China’s Space Policy: An Australian Perspective
Authors: DAVIS Malcolm
Published: April 2023

China’s rapid rise in strategic power extends into the domain of space. That space exploration is bound to continue, but for Beijing, space is ever more important for defence and for growing comprehensive national power to challenge US leadership. China aims to become the dominant space actor by 2049, a status which will encompass both military capability in space, as well as “presence” on key astrostrategic locations within the Earth-Moon system. For the United States, this challenge, although not—yet—a “space race” in the context of Apollo and the US–Soviet space race of the 1960s, looms large and may become significant as China builds astrostrategic power. For Australia, China’s growing capabilities in space, particularly its military space capabilities, are driving new policy development in relation to Australian space capability.
Long-Read DNA Sequencing: Recent Advances and Remaining Challenges
Authors: Warburton Peter E. , Sebra Robert P.
Published: April 2023

DNA sequencing has revolutionized medicine over recent decades. However, analysis of large structural variation and repetitive DNA, a hallmark of human genomes, has been limited by short-read technology, with read lengths of 100–300 bp. Long-read sequencing (LRS) permits routine sequencing of human DNA fragments tens to hundreds of kilobase pairs in size, using both real-time sequencing by synthesis and nanopore-based direct electronic sequencing. LRS permits analysis of large structural variation and haplotypic phasing in human genomes and has enabled the discovery and characterization of rare pathogenic structural variants and repeat expansions. It has also recently enabled the assembly of a complete, gapless human genome that includes previously intractable regions, such as highly repetitive centromeres and homologous acrocentric short arms. With the addition of protocols for targeted enrichment, direct epigenetic DNA modification detection, and long-range chromatin profiling, LRS promises to launch a new era of understanding of genetic diversity and pathogenic mutations in human populations.
Sidewall Electrical Damage in β-Ga2O3 Rectifiers Exposed to Ga+ Focused Ion Beams
Authors: Xia Xinyi , Al-Mamun Nahid Sultan , Ren Fan , Haque Aman , Pearton S.J.
Published: April 2023

The energy and beam current dependence of Ga+ focused ion beam milling damage on the sidewall of vertical rectifiers fabricated on n-type Ga2O3 was investigated with 5–30 kV ions and beam currents from 1.3–20 nA. The sidewall damage was introduced by etching a mesa along one edge of existing Ga2O3 rectifiers. We employed on-state resistance, forward and reverse leakage current, Schottky barrier height, and diode ideality factor from the vertical rectifiers as potential measures of the extent of the ion-induced sidewall damage. Rectifiers of different diameters were exposed to the ion beams and the “zero-area” parameters extracted by extrapolating to zero area and normalizing for milling depth. Forward currents degraded with exposure to any of our beam conductions, while reverse current was unaffected. On-state resistance was found to be most sensitive of the device parameters to Ga+ beam energy and current. Beam current was the most important parameter in creating sidewall damage. Use of subsequent lower beam energies and currents after an initial 30 kV mill sequence was able to reduce residual damage effects but not to the point of initial lower beam current exposures.
The Impact of Gamma Radiation on the Structural, Optical, and Dielectric Properties of Polyacrylamide/Barium Titanate Nanocomposites
Authors: Zaghlool R. A. , Abdel Moghny A. S. , Mohamed F.
Published: April 2023

In the present study, polyacrylamide (PAM) was used as a matrix material for preparing nanocomposite samples filled with different weight fractions (1, 3, 5, 7, and 15%) of barium titanate (BaTiO3) by casting method. The PAM/7% BaTiO3 has been irradiated with gamma radiation at a dose of 200 Gy in order to investigate its impact on the structure as well as its optical and dielectric properties. The results show that the BaTiO3 nanoparticles are well incorporated inside the PAM matrix and the crystallite size of BaTiO3 has been decreased upon filling inside the PAM matrix as confirmed by the analysis of Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), respectively. The prepared films show direct forbidden optical transition. Moreover, filling PAM with 7% BaTiO nanoparticles has increased the dielectric permittivity from 1.07 to 2.44 (at 100 kHz) with a slight increase in the loss factor from 0.015 to 0.020. In the other side, gamma radiation has decreased the crystallite size in relative to the un-irradiated sample with increased dielectric permittivity (2.89) and a slight decrease in the loss factor (0.019) at 100 kHz.
Late integration of vision and proprioception during perturbed reaches
Authors: Keyser Johannes , Medendorp W. Pieter , Oostwoud Wijdenes Leonie , Selen Luc P. J.
Published: April 2023

Both visual and proprioceptive signals provide information about arm state during reaching. By perturbing the perceived, but not the actual, position of the hand in both modalities using visual disturbances and muscle vibration, we examined multimodal integration and state estimation during reaching. Our results suggest that the early reach corrections are based on separate state estimates from the two sensory modalities and only later are based on a combined state estimate.
Conventional Mercury Penetration and Constant Velocity Mercury Penetration Experiments Are Used to Quantitatively Characterize the Difference in Micropore Structure in Low Permeability Reservoirs and Its Influence on Movable Fluid Saturation
Authors: Yuan Kaitao , Li Yan , Shi Tiaotiao , Huang Husheng , Li Yanfei , He Minglei
Published: April 2023

There are many research methods and experimental means for quantitative and semiquantitative evaluation of low permeability reservoirs. Generally, people do not use a single means to study them but use a variety of experimental means to verify and complement each other. Conventional mercury penetration and constant velocity mercury penetration are two important experimental methods for the quantitative evaluation of tight reservoirs. The micro characteristic parameters of reservoirs obtained by them are quite different, which bring some difficulties to people’s research. This paper first analyzes the reasons for the differences between the two from the aspects of experimental theory and model, experimental conditions, and experimental process. Taking C 6 and C 7 reservoirs in Ordos Basin as an example, a total of 13 representative pairs of samples were selected to analyze the difference in capillary pressure curve shape and pore throat distribution characteristics between the two experiments and to clarify the reasons for the difference in microscopic pore characteristic parameters measured by the two experiments. Finally, the correlation between the microscopic pore characteristic parameters and the movable fluid saturation parameters is analyzed. The results show that the theoretical model of conventional mercury penetration experiment is a capillary tube bundle model with different radii. The maximum injection pressure of experimental mercury is high and the experimental speed is fast. The theoretical model of constant velocity mercury penetration experiment is the pore and throat capillary model with different radii. The maximum injection pressure is low, the experimental speed is very slow, and the process is quasistatic. The parameters such as displacement pressure, total mercury saturation, and separation coefficient obtained by the latter are smaller than those measured by the former; however, the maximum throat radius, average throat radius, and other parameters obtained by the latter are larger than those measured by the former. According to the correlation chart drawn, it can be concluded that the correlation between the microscopic pore throat characteristic parameters and the movable fluid saturation in the constant velocity mercury penetration experiment is better than that in the conventional mercury penetration experiment. The influencing factors mainly include permeability, porosity, displacement pressure, maximum pore throat radius, and sorting coefficient. The maximum mercury injection saturation has little correlation.
Domestic Organic Waste: A Potential Source to Produce the Energy via a Single-Chamber Microbial Fuel Cell
Authors: Yaakop Amira Suriaty , Ahmad Akil , Hussain Fida , Oh Sang-Eun , Alshammari Mohammed B. , Chauhan Raju
Published: April 2023

Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a method that is both effective and environmentally friendly for producing renewable electricity. Several studies have shown that one of the major challenges is the generation of electrons as a result of poor exploitation of organic substrates. One of the most talked about issues in modern molecular fusion is the reutilization of biological organic waste in an MFC. In this article, the effective utilization of domestic organic waste as an organic supply for bacterial species to generate energy was highlighted. The findings that were obtained corresponded to the one-of-a-kind MFC operation in which a voltage of 110 mV was generated in a time span of 12 days during operation with an external resistance of 500 ῼ. With an internal resistance of 117 ῼ, the maximum power density and the current density were recorded 0.1047 mW/m2 and 21.84 mA/m2, respectively. According to the results of the biological study, strains of bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter schindleri, and Pseudomonas nitroreducens are the ones responsible for producing energy. In addition, final remarks with proposals for the future have been enclosed.
Effect of Adding Goat Milk Protein and Ginseng Powder on Quality and Storage Characteristics of Emulsion-Type Pork Sausages
Authors: Oh Sehyuk , Park Sanghun , Kim Yun-a , Park Yunhwan , Park Gyutae , Lee Juho , Seo Hyunseok , Choi Jungseok
Published: April 2023

The aim of this study was to find the appropriate level of goat milk protein powder (GMPP) and ginseng powder (GP) as natural binding agent and antioxidant added for emulsion-type pork sausages. Six groups of pork sausages were prepared: (1) pork sausage with 0.2% phosphate and 0.1% ascorbic acid (C2), (2) negative control (C3), (3) with 0.2% GMPP and 0.1% GP (T1), (4) 0.2% GMPP and 0.3% GP (T2), (5) 0.4% GMPP and 0.1% GP (T3), and (6) 0.4% GMPP and 0.3% GP (T4). Proximate analysis, water holding capacity (WHC), emulsion stability, cooking loss, color, texture properties, and sensory properties of sausages were performed. pH, DPPH radical scavenging, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), volatile basic nitrogen (VBN), and total microbial count (TMC) were measured for pork sausages after storage at 4°C for 0, 7, 14, and 21 days. The results showed that water and total exudation showed significantly lower values in T3. Cooking loss also showed a significantly lower value in T3. T3 showed a significantly higher value of springiness of textural properties than C2. With increasing level of GMPP added, protein content and pH value of pork sausages were also increased. There were no significant differences in WHC or sensory properties between C2 and T3. TBARS and VBN values of T3 were significantly lower than those of other experimental groups during all storage periods. T3 presented higher DPPH radical scavenging values during all storage periods. These results indicate that adding 0.4% GMPP and 0.1% GMPP can effectively improve quality and storage characteristics of pork sausages.
Couple Stress Sodium Alginate-Based Casson Nanofluid Analysis through Fick’s and Fourier’s Laws with Inclined Microchannel
Authors: Khan Dolat , Almusawa Musawa Yahya , Hamali Waleed , Akbar M. Ali
Published: April 2023

Casson nanofluid plays a vital role in food industries with sodium alginate nanoparticles. That is why many researchers used Casson nanofluid in their study. Due to this, the main objective of this study is to investigate the inclined microchannel flow of a Casson nanofluid based on sodium alginate (SA) under a few stresses. Because the plate at

y
=
d

is stationary and the plate at

y
=
0

is in motion, the fluid flows. Physically existent things utilize partial differential equations as a method of derivation. By using dimensionless variables, the underlying PDEs are dimensionless. Applying Fourier’s and Fick’s laws to the time-fractional model makes the classical model dimensionally stable by generalization. A generalized fractional model is solved using the Laplace and Fourier integral transformations. In addition, the parametric influence of other physical elements, such as the Casson parameter, coupling velocity, temperature, and stress parameters, is considered (Grashof, Schmidt, and Prandtl numbers). Concentration distributions are shown using graphs and discussed with accompanying text. We compute and describe the Sherwood number, rate of heat transfer, and skin friction. It is concluded that skin friction and Nusselt number can be enhanced by adding nanoparticle. Also, the fractional derivative makes the study more realistic by incorporating Fick’s and Fourier’s laws as compared to the classical one.
Effect of Mulberry Leaf Tea on Texture, Microstructure, Starch Retrogradation, and Antioxidant Capacity of Rice Noodles
Authors: Makchuay Tanaporn , Tongchitpakdee Sasitorn , Ratanasumawong Savitree
Published: April 2023

The effect of mulberry leaf tea (MT) on texture, microstructure, starch retrogradation, and antioxidant capacity of rice noodles was investigated. Addition of MT powder at 5 to 25% increased protein, fiber, and antioxidant capacity of rice noodles. The presence of phenolic compounds in MT enhanced firmness and elongation of rice noodles, while fiber disrupted the noodle microstructure, resulting in lower firmness and elongation at high concentration. MT noodles kept for 7 days at 4°C had total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity 7 times and 5 times higher than the control rice noodles at day 0, respectively. Addition of MT reduced the retrogradation enthalpy of rice flour and retarded increase in firmness and decrease in elongation of rice noodles during storage. Addition of MT improved the nutritional benefits and antioxidant capacity of rice noodles and also the textural properties during storage.
A Fast and Efficient Estimation of the Parameters of a Model of Accident Frequencies via an MM Algorithm
Authors: Geraldo Issa Cherif , Katchekpele Edoh , Kpanzou Tchilabalo Abozou
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we consider a multivariate statistical model of accident frequencies having a variable number of parameters and whose parameters are dependent and subject to box constraints and linear equality constraints. We design a minorization-maximization (MM) algorithm and an accelerated MM algorithm to compute the maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters. We illustrate, through simulations, the performance of our proposed MM algorithm and its accelerated version by comparing them to Newton-Raphson (NR) and quasi-Newton algorithms. The results suggest that the MM algorithm and its accelerated version are better in terms of convergence proportion and, as the number of parameters increases, they are also better in terms of computation time.
Adaptive Active Disturbance Rejection Control for Path Tracking of Intelligent Vehicle
Authors: Lu Mingyu , Li Jin
Published: April 2023

The path tracking controller often cannot maintain the lateral stability of vehicles on large curvy roads with low adhesion road, which is easy to cause vehicle instability. In this paper, an adaptive active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) is designed to generate a front wheel angle and an additional yaw moment at the same time to guarantee the vehicle tracking accuracy and vehicle stability at the same time. The vehicle two‐degree‐of‐freedom reference model and the path tracking error model are built to derive the error dynamics state equation. The multiinput multioutput ADRC decoupling control is studied. The BP neural network is designed to online adjust the four output parameters that are difficult to be determined in the nonlinear state feedback to form an adaptive ADRC. The yaw moment distribution scheme is studied next. By the joint simulation and hardware‐in‐the‐loop experiment, the results show that the proposed adaptive ADRC can obtain good vehicle tracking accuracy and vehicle stability at the same time not only on both high and low adhesion roads but on the road with large curvatures.
Effect of Calcium and Osmotic Pretreatments on Mass Transfer and Texture Parameters during Processing of Chilacayote (Cucurbita ficifolia Bouché)
Authors: Rodríguez-Ramírez Juan , Barragán-Iglesias Josué , Ramírez-Palma Atenea J. , Méndez-Lagunas Lilia L.
Published: April 2023

The aim of this work was to analyze the effect of calcium and osmotic pretreatments on mass transfer and texture parameters of chilacayote (Cucurbita ficifolia Bouché). Samples were immersed in Ca(OH)2 solutions at concentrations of 0.5, 1, and 1.5 g/100 mL water; solution temperature of 20, 35, and 50 °C; and immersion times of 1.5, 3, and 4.5 h. Subsequently, pretreated samples with a Ca solution were osmotically dehydrated for 2 h with sucrose solutions at 30, 45, and 60 °Brix and temperatures of 30, 50, and 70 °C. Chilacayote tissue showed a positive response to interaction with Ca2+ ions, increasing the calcium content in the samples. The osmotic effect increased the water loss and the solute gain in the calcium impregnated samples. However, the calcium gained was leached, so the calcium retained decreased considerably. The hardness and adhesiveness increased significantly during calcium pretreatment, and it was maintained during osmosis by impregnated sucrose on the surface. Also, calcium increased the cohesiveness, but its values decreased after osmosis due to brittle behavior acquired. Samples acquired a more plastic than elastic behavior because the springiness decreased during both pretreatments. The gumminess and chewiness were affected by the decrease in cohesiveness and springiness, so less work is required to digest the osmosed samples. Calcium pretreatment (1 g/100 mL water, 35 °C, and 3 h) and osmosis (45 °Brix, 50 °C, and 2 h) were selected as appropriate process conditions for adequate calcium content, mass transfer, and texture parameters.
Mathematical Modeling of Microwave-Assisted Foam-Mat Drying of Kefir
Authors: Yüksel Ayşe Nur , Pandiselvam Ravi
Published: April 2023

Kefir is a traditional drink produced by the fermentation of milk with kefir grain. In this study, foam-mat drying of kefir using a microwave oven was made, and drying kinetics was determined at various microwave power levels (100, 180, and 300 W). Values of

D

eff

were calculated between

4.8394
×

10

−
10

and

1.8603
×

10

−
9

 m2 s-1. Besides,

E

a

was calculated as 5.28 W g-1. Furthermore, increased drying rates were obtained with increasing microwave powers. In addition, seven drying models were fitted to the moisture ratios obtained from experiments, and Midilli and others’ model was found to be the best-fitted model with the highest values (0.9983, 0.9983, and 0.9985 for 100, 180, and 300 W, respectively) of

R

2

and the lowest values of

χ

2

, RSS, and RMSE.
Flapless and Conjunctiva‐Sparing Technique for Transscleral Fixation of Intraocular Lens to Correct Refractive Errors in Eyes without Adequate Capsular Support
Authors: Lou Wei , Chen Ziang , Huang Yang , Jin Haiying
Published: April 2023

Purpose. To evaluate refractive outcomes, intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation, and IOL position following a novel conjunctiva‐sparing transscleral fixation technique. Methods. Forty‐one eyes of 40 patients managed with a flapless transscleral‐sutured technique were included. Preoperative and postoperative refractive errors (spherical equivalents, SE) were compared. IOL position was assessed on the Scheimpflug images. IOL power was calculated by SRK/T, Holladay 1, and Hoffer Q formulas. Results. The mean age was 57.39 ± 14.83 years (range: 26 to 79 years), and the mean follow‐up was 7.46 ± 6.42 months (range: 1 to 24 months). Surgical indications were aphakia (n = 14), subluxated lenses (n = 3), and IOL dislocation (n = 24). The SE was 4.50 ± 6.38 diopter (D) (range: −3.75 to 13.75 D) preoperatively and −1.68 ± 1.57 D (range: −5.50 to 1.13 D) postoperatively (P < 0.001). The mean tilt angle and decentration were 2.90° ± 1.93° (range: 0.39° to 9.10°) and 0.23 ± 0.19 mm (range: 0.02 to 0.94 mm) vertically, and 1.75° ± 1.41° (range: 0.24° to 7.65°) and 0.18 ± 0.19 mm (range: 0.02 to 1.06 mm) horizontally, which were clinically insignificant. All three IOL formulas produced myopic errors (range: −0.29 to −0.50 D). The SRK/T had the lowest median absolute error (0.55 D), followed by the Holladay 1 (0.70 D) and the Hoffer Q (0.74 D). The three formulas had the same percentage of prediction errors (PEs) within ±0.5 D (43.48%), while the Hoffer Q had the highest percentage of PEs within ±1.0 D (82.61%). Conclusion. The present technique can serve as an alternative approach for transscleral IOL fixation and refractive correction in eyes with compromised capsular support, ensuring the stability of IOLs and reasonable IOL power calculation accuracy.
Assessment and Relationship between Chemical Composition and Microbial Load in Corn Tortillas Sampled from Different Vending Points in Two Regions of Mexico
Authors: de la Rosa-Millan J.
Published: April 2023

During tortilla production, different heating stages help to ensure low bacterial loads that contribute to their safety. However, there is an increasing concern about these products’ stability. This work is aimed at analyzing corn tortillas collected at different vending points from two regions of the country, Nuevo Leon and Guanajuato. A total of 80 samples were analyzed, and the bacterial presence was related to the origin of the raw materials. Guanajuato region resulted with the highest concentration (

6.04
±
0.07

Log UFC/g). Tortillas made with nixtamalized corn masa flour (NMF) had significantly lower microbial loads (

p
<
0.05

) than those made with 100% nixtamal masa or mixtures of NMF/nixtamal masa. In all samples, there were no pathogenic bacteria. On 28 selected samples, through PCA analysis, a strong influence of the microbial loads (which include foodborne bacteria) and their changes in chemical composition being reflected in the free sugars, free amino nitrogen (FAN), and peroxides contents, respectively, could be related with the vending point good manufacturing practices.
Analysis of Oil-Water Distribution Law and Main Controlling Factors of Meandering River Facies Reservoir Based on the Single Sand Body: A Case Study from the Yan 932 Layer of Y Oil Area in Dingbian, Ordos Basin
Authors: Shi Tiaotiao , He Shengping , Yuan Kaitao , Liu Mingjun , Wang Min , Tu Xingping , Chang Liwen
Published: April 2023

After the oilfield development enters the medium and high water cut stage, the fine three-dimensional description of the single sand body, the distribution rules of the remaining oil, and its main controlling factors have become the focus of research. The premise is to understand the original oil and water distribution characteristics and the important influencing factors of the reservoir. Taking the Yan 932 reservoir of Y oil area in Dingbian as an example, combined with the meandering river sedimentary model, this paper uses dense well pattern logging data to dissect single sand body on the foundation of the core and logging results. The conclusion shows that, first, Yan 932 layer is divided into two stages: Yan 932-1 and Yan 932-2, which constitute four single sand body superposition configuration modes, namely, type I, type II, type I & II, and type I/II. Second, type I & II is mainly developed in the sand body of the main channel. In the west of the main channel sand body, type I, type II, and type I/II are developed. Only type II is developed in the east of the main channel sand body. Thirdly, sedimentary microfacies, sand body thickness, sand body configuration, and structural characteristics are the key factors influencing the oil-water distribution law of the Yan 932 reservoir.
Oxidative Stability and Microbial Ecology of Fresh Beef with Extremely Long Shelf-Life
Authors: Imazaki Pedro Henrique , Taminiau Bernard , Fall Papa Abdoulaye , Elansary Mahmoud , Douny Caroline , Scippo Marie-Louise , Daube Georges , Clinquart Antoine
Published: April 2023

This study was aimed at assessing the pigment and lipid stability and characterising the microbial ecology by classical methods and metagenetics in beef with an extremely long shelf-life. Bovine longissimus thoracis et lumborum subprimals from different origins (Australia, Brazil, Ireland, and United Kingdom), displaying a shelf-life from 35 to 140 days in vacuum packaging, were aged at −1 (subzero storage) or a −1/+4°C two-level stepwise scheme. At different times, samples were repackaged under a high-oxygen atmosphere (70/30% O2/CO2) and stored at 4°C for two days and then 8°C for five days to simulate retail distribution. Subzero storage inhibited the growth of total aerobic mesophilic flora and Enterobacteriaceae during ageing in vacuum (

p
<
0.001

). During simulated retail distribution, the shelf-life was limited by metmyoglobin formation and excessive lactic acid bacteria growth. Classical microbiological methods underestimated the lactic acid bacteria count. Nonetheless, metagenetics evidenced, specifically in Australian samples, high proportions of Carnobacterium maltaromaticum, a lactic acid bacterium that may have contributed to the extremely long shelf-life of Australian beef.
Anaerobic Codigestion of Tuber Waste and Fruit Waste: Synergy and Enhanced Biogas Production
Authors: Mrosso Register , Kiplagat Joseph , Mecha Achisa C.
Published: April 2023

Increased urbanization and consumerism have resulted in the excessive release of food waste and municipal solid waste. Such wastes contain abundant organic matter that can be transformed into energy, addressing the twin challenges of waste management and energy insecurity. In recent years, different studies have investigated ways of producing biogas through the codigestion of organic wastes. In this work, different food wastes were codigested and the biogas yield was determined. The effect of feedstock mixing ratios, temperature, and pH was studied. A mixing ratio of 1 : 1 produced the highest biogas yield (2907 ± 32 mL), nearly twice, which was obtained at a ratio of 1 : 4 (1532 ± 17 mL). The biogas yield increased with the temperature rise. The lowest yield of 2907 ± 32 mL was obtained at 20°C, while the highest yield of 4963 ± 54.6 mL was obtained at 40°C. Regarding pH, the yield was 2808 ± 31 mL at pH 6.5 and 7810 ± 86 mL at pH 7.3. This indicated a 178.1% increase in the biogas yield. The CN ratio for tuber waste and fruit waste was 18 and 28, respectively, while the corresponding pH was 6.7 and 6.9. A positive synergy index of 4.5 was obtained, which is higher than what is reported in the literature of codigested substrates. Irish potato peels and banana peels produced the highest biogas yield and are recommended for use as codigested feedstock.
Synbiotic Encapsulation: A Trend towards Increasing Viability and Probiotic Effect
Authors: Jiménez-Villeda Brenda Esmeralda , Falfán-Cortés Reyna Nallely , Rangel-Vargas Esmeralda , Santos-López Eva María , Gómez-Aldapa Carlos Alberto , Torres-Vitela Ma. Refugio , Villarruel-López Angelica , Castro-Rosas Javier
Published: April 2023

Probiotics are effective coadjuvancy against human affections. To confer their beneficial effects to humans, probiotics adhere and colonize the intestine. Then, they must survive the gastrointestinal conditions (~108–1010 cfu/day). However, their concentration and the dose to produce the beneficial effect are reduced. Synbiotics are the combination of probiotics and prebiotics, and they can increase the beneficial effect of probiotics. Microencapsulation is an efficient approach to protect synbiotics during their passage through the intestinal tract. In this article, we thoroughly reviewed the different encapsulation techniques of synbiotics. The most common were ionic gelation, emulsification, extrusion, spray drying, coacervation, freeze drying, and their combination in some cases. These techniques focus on survival under gastrointestinal conditions. The aim of this work was to review the different techniques of synbiotic encapsulation and discuss the effect of microencapsulation on viability and probiotic properties in in vitro and in vivo models of microencapsulated synbiotics.
Trends of Novel Functional Nanomaterials for Analysis of Sulfonamide Residues in Food Products
Authors: Zhou Dongren , Tan Mengmeng , Li Zhanming
Published: April 2023

The residues of sulfonamides (SAs) may transfer to the human body through the food chain, causing risks to human health. Therefore, it is of significance to address the SA residues in food products. Recently, the development of nanomaterial adsorbents with fast adsorption, low toxicity, robustness, and reusability has attracted much attention. CiteSpace software was used in this work to analyze studies on the detection of SAs in the past five years. Furthermore, novel nanomaterials, including magnetic nanomaterials, metal_organic framework materials (MOFs), and covalent organic framework materials (COFs), are reviewed in detail for extraction and analysis of SAs in food, showing the advantages in the adsorption and analysis performance of these nanomaterials. Challenges and prospects of related research are also discussed to clarify the future directions for the achievement of food safety. This review is expected to provide new insights for the development of efficient adsorbents and analytical methods for food pollutants with potential applications.
Platelet‐Rich Fibrin as an Effective Method of Skin Revitalization
Authors: Majewska Lidia
Published: April 2023

The objective of this retrospective study was to verify with the use of high‐frequency ultrasonography whether Platelet‐Rich Fibrin (PRF) can increase skin density and become an effective method of skin revitalization as well as to determine an optimal procedure protocol for the use of Platelet‐Rich Fibrin to revitalize skin of the periorbital region. Ten patients (women, age 32–45) were assigned for the observation. They reported thinning and wrinkles of the skin in the periorbital area. For each individual two vials (18 mL) of peripheral blood were collected and placed in preprogrammed centrifuge (60g, 3 minutes). After centrifugation injectable‐PRF (i‐PRF, 2 mL) was collected and injected intradermally in the periorbital area, using the mesotherapy technique with 4 mm 30 G needles. The patients underwent four procedures in one month intervals. A high‐frequency ultrasound device was used to measure skin density. Skin density analyses were performed before PRF administration, a month after the second and a month after the third procedure in the crow’s feet area. The results demonstrated an increase in skin density in all patients after just one procedure: on average it was 1.66 times higher compared to the baseline after the second and 5.08 times higher after the third treatment which was visualized using the DUB SkinScanner imaging. The enrolled patients’ satisfaction with their facial skin appearance was measured with the visual analogue scale (VAS). Digital photographs were taken before the first treatment and a month after the last treatment. The VAS assessment results were as follows: the average score before the treatment was 4 and the average score after the treatment was 8.5, indicating a significant increase in patient satisfaction. i‐PRF seems to be a promising treatment modality for skin rejuvenation in the periorbital area and might be a solution for those seeking natural methods. Although the results of this observation are very promising, there is need for larger controlled research to definitely confirm Platelet‐Rich Fibrin efficacy in the skin revitalization processes.
Nonlinear Hypothesis Generation Strategy of Management Accounting Data Mining
Authors: Jia-sheng Zhang
Published: April 2023

Management accounting plays a greater role in providing business decisions for enterprises. As the core technology of big data processing, data mining technology can process a large amount of complex, structured, and unstructured information very efficiently. In this paper, the nonlinear system is taken as the research object, and the obtained system data is directly used. In the framework of divide and conquer strategy, multi‐model method is combined with data clustering and a local modeling algorithm to study the nonlinearity of management accounting data mining. Through online adaptive estimation of parameters, aiming at the zero dynamic problem of the non‐minimum phase system, through the decoupling matrix analysis of the nonlinear system, the state of the original strategy is dynamically extended to make the estimated parameters asymptotically approach the true value. The estimated parameters are applied to the nonlinear hypothesis strategy to achieve the goal of linearization control. It is assumed that the generation strategy is applied to the mining of different related types of rules without manually setting parameters, which greatly improves the efficiency of rule discovery. Through case analysis, this paper demonstrates the feasibility of applying nonlinear hypothesis strategy of data mining technology to management accounting and puts forward the relevant application process framework. The validity and feasibility of nonlinear hypothesis strategy data mining technology in management accounting are verified.
Supplemental Table 6 from Nitrated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (Nitro-PAH) Signatures and Somatic Mutations in Diesel Exhaust-Exposed Bladder Tumors
Authors: Gonzalez Nicole , Rao Nina , Dean Michael , Lee Donghyuk , Hurson Amber N. , Baris Dalsu , Schwenn Molly , Johnson Alison , Prokunina-Olsson Ludmila , Friesen Melissa C. , Zhu Bin , Rothman Nathaniel , Silverman Debra T. , Koutros Stella
Published: April 2023

Ever diesel and nitro-PAH signatures adjusted for smoking
Supplemental Table 1 from Nitrated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (Nitro-PAH) Signatures and Somatic Mutations in Diesel Exhaust-Exposed Bladder Tumors
Authors: Gonzalez Nicole , Rao Nina , Dean Michael , Lee Donghyuk , Hurson Amber N. , Baris Dalsu , Schwenn Molly , Johnson Alison , Prokunina-Olsson Ludmila , Friesen Melissa C. , Zhu Bin , Rothman Nathaniel , Silverman Debra T. , Koutros Stella
Published: April 2023

Genes on panel