bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIGITAL LITERACY: IMPLEMENTATION OF GOOGLE CLASSROOM TO IMPROVE THE ABILITY OF EDUCATORS #NGAJARDARIRUMAH
Authors: Sundah Pierre Mauritz , Purba Herman
Published: March 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic that has occurred in Indonesia since March 2020 indirectly forced educators to switch from face-to-face teaching activities to online activities. Seeing the unrest experienced by educators, especially teachers and lecturers, who are not familiar with online teaching activities, the Online Learning Communication Science study program from Universitas Pelita Harapan held community service activities with the theme of digital literacy that can be followed by educators throughout Indonesia. Google Classroom is a medium that is raised in this activity because of the ease provided through its features even though Google Classroom cannot yet be categorized as a Learning Management System. Moreover, Google Classroom can be obtained for free and can be used through smart devices or computers that have an internet connection. With large-scale social restrictions (PSBB), this activity was held online using the digital platform Zoom Meeting. The result of this activity is that educators experience improved ability and understanding to carry out online teaching activities using Google Classroom such as creating classes, assignments, and quizzes, sharing teaching materials to conduct evaluations in the hope that educators are ready to do #ngajardarirumah.

ABSTRACT (INDONESIAN): Pandemi Covid-19 yang terjadi di Indonesia sejak Maret 2020 secara tidak langsung memaksa para tenaga pendidik untuk beralih dari kegiatan belajar mengajar secara tatap muka menjadi kegiatan secara dalam jaringan (daring). Melihat keresahan yang dialami oleh para tenaga pendidik, khususnya guru dan dosen, yang belum terbiasa dengan kegiatan pengajaran secara daring maka program studi pendidikan jarak jauh (PJJ) Ilmu Komunikasi Universitas Pelita Harapan mengadakan kegiatan PkM dengan tema literasi digital yang dapat diikuti oleh tenaga pendidik di seluruh Indonesia. Google Classroom menjadi media yang diangkat dalam kegiatan ini karena kemudahan yang diberikan melalui fitur-fitur yang dimilikinya meskipun Google Classroom belum dapat dikategorikan sebagai sebuah Learning Management System. Selain itu Google Classroom dapat diperoleh secara gratis dan dapat digunakan melalui gawai pintar ataupun komputer yang memiliki koneksi internet. Dengan adanya Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) maka kegiatan ini diselenggarakan secara daring dengan menggunakan platform digital Zoom Meeting. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah tenaga pendidik mengalami peningkatan kemampuan dan pemahaman untuk melaksanakan kegiatan belajar mengajar secara daring menggunakan Google Classroom seperti membuat kelas, tugas dan kuis, membagikan materi ajar hingga melakukan evaluasi dengan harapan para tenaga pendidik siap untuk melakukan #ngajardarirumah.

 
Marketplaces que personalizan precios a través del big data y de los algoritmos: ¿esta práctica es legal en atención al derecho de la competencia europeo?
Authors: Antón Juárez Isabel
Published: March 2021

Las personas a nivel individual generamos día tras día una gran cantidad de datos. También los aparatos conectados (el internet de las cosas) generan mucha información cada segundo. En teoría, la información masiva sobre nosotros, no es buena ni mala, son datos. Sin embargo, los datos no sólo se generan, también se almacenan y se analizan y el problema reside en su uso. Los usos pueden ser muy variados entre sí, fines comerciales, empresariales, estratégicos, de seguridad nacional… En este trabajo analizaremos una práctica concreta, la personalización de precios y en atención a una disciplina, el Derecho de la competencia europeo. En particular, en atención al art. 102 TFUE.
El reconocimiento en España del scheme of arrangement de derecho inglés tras el Brexit
Authors: Ballesteros Barros Ángel María
Published: March 2021

Este estudio analiza la posibilidad de reconocer y ejecutar en España un Scheme of Arrangement de Derecho inglés sancionado por un tribunal del Reino Unido en el doble escenario de que se haya iniciado antes o después del 31 de diciembre de 2020, fecha de finalización del período transitorio para el Brexit. El mecanismo de reconocimiento y ejecución en España de esta figura estará condicionado a su previa calificación desde una doble perspectiva: respecto de la naturaleza jurídicomaterial de la institución como una cuestión de derecho civil o comercial, concursal o societaria; y, desde la perspectiva procesal, respecto de la consideración de la court’s order como una resolución judicial, una transacción judicial o un acto de jurisdicción voluntaria.
Responsabilidad de la filial por los daños derivados de infracciones del derecho de la competencia de la matriz ¿está en juego el principio de efectividad del Derecho europeo?
Authors: Herrero Suárez Carmen
Published: March 2021

Una de las cuestiones más controvertidas en relación a la aplicación de las normas de competencia a empresas pluricorporativas es la eventual utilización del principio de unidad económica como vía de extensión de responsabilidad entre las distintas sociedades. Actualmente, asistimos a una nueva inquietud que valora la extensión de responsabilidad aguas abajo, es decir, la posible legitimación pasiva de la filial para soportar el ejercicio de una acción follow on por una infracción cometida por su matriz y por la que ella no ha sido sancionada. La cuestión es objeto de un encendido debate doctrinal y judicial entre defensores de una responsabilidad del grupo como tal y posturas más apegadas a las categorías tradicionales de imputación de responsabilidad. El objeto de este trabajo es el examen de dicho debate y la valoración crítica de las diferentes posiciones y argumentos utilizados.
La elección implícita de la ley aplicable a la cláusula de arbitraje en el common law
Authors: Pérez Font Javier
Published: March 2021

A la hora de determinar la ley aplicable al convenio de arbitraje, el common law prevé que, a falta de elección expresa, se aplicará la ley implícitamente elegida. Con relación a las cláusulas de arbitraje, en el caso Sul América la Corte de Apelación de Inglaterra y Gales estableció la presunción de que la ley expresamente elegida como ley aplicable al contrato se entendería implícitamente elegida como ley aplicable a la cláusula de arbitraje. Recientemente, en el caso Enka la misma Corte de Apelación ha enmendado esta presunción, disponiendo que independientemente de la ley elegida para el contrato, la elección expresa de sede implicará la elección implícita de su ley como ley aplicable a la cláusula de arbitraje.
El derecho contractual antidiscriminatorio: drittwirkung y libertad negocial
Authors: Vivas Tesón Inmaculada
Published: March 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo es abordar el estudio de las situaciones discriminatorias en el seno de la contratación privada. La actitud de uno de los contratantes hacia las características personales o sociales del otro (como la raza, el género, la orientación sexual, la nacionalidad, la religión o la condición de salud) puede influir en el ejercicio de la autonomía privada que preside las relaciones contractuales, bien impidiéndole el acceso a bienes y servicios mediante la negativa a contratar o bien imponiéndole condiciones más gravosas que a otra persona con rasgos distintivos diferentes. Se analiza el Derecho contractual antidiscriminatorio europeo y español, así como los mecanismos de tutela ante un trato discriminatorio.
Kafala y adopción. El auto de la Audiencia Provincial de Barcelona (Sección 18) núm. 220/2020 de 10 de junio
Authors: Adroher Biosca Salomé
Published: March 2021

La constitución de una adopción en España tras una kafala en origen, prohibida por el artículo 19.4 de la LAI, ya no se plantea por familias españolas como alternativa a la adopción internacional,sino por familias musulmanas de origen extranjero residentes en España probablemente para superar algunas barreras del Derecho de extranjería. El Auto de la AP de Barcelona recuerda que tal prohibición no vulnera el CEDH y que su aplicación no contradice el orden público español, desde laperspectiva del interés superior del niño, toda vez que su protección familiar está garantizada a través de la kafala. Sin embargo, el caso pone de relieve que la legislación de extranjería en la materia debe garantizar el derecho a vivir en familia, contenido esencial del interés superior del niño, en línea con lo apuntado por el TJUE en la sentencia de 26 de marzo de 2019.
Extensión al consignatario de los efectos de una cláusula de elección de foro prevista en un conocimiento de embarque. Comentario al auto de la Audiencia Provincial de Barcelona nº 62/2020, de 24 de abril de 2020
Authors: Casado Abarquero Marta
Published: March 2021

En el presente auto la Audiencia Provincial de Barcelona resuelve de forma poca acertada el recurrente problema de extender al consignatario los efectos de un acuerdo de elección de foro recogido en el dorso de un conocimiento de embarque. Más allá de consideraciones de política legislativa, lo cierto es que en la resolución analizada el órgano jurisdiccional se equivoca al identificar la norma aplicable (Convenio de Lugano, en lugar del Reglamento Bruselas I bis) y al fijar el valor normativo de los usos y costumbres en el ámbito marítimo.
Competencia para conocer de una demanda de oposición a la ejecución de una resolución extranjera sobre alimentos: a propósito de la Sentencia del TJUE 4 de junio de 2020, FX C. Gz, C-41/19
Authors: Castellanos Ruiz María José
Published: March 2021

La Sentencia del TJUE de 4 de junio de 2020, FX c. GZ, C-41/19, resuelve la cuestión de si la demanda de oposición a la ejecución de una resolución extranjera en materia de alimentos, por parte del deudor de dichos alimentos, se encuentra dentro del ámbito de aplicación del Reglamento 4/2009. Pues bien, en primer lugar, el TJUE tiene que decidir si se trata de un asunto que se encuentra del capítulo II del Reglamento 4/2009, que regula la competencia judicial internacional; o, se incluye dentro del capítulo IV, con lo cual serían de aplicación al litigio las normas sobre reconocimiento y ejecución de resoluciones; o bien se excluye del ámbito de aplicación del Reglamento 4/2009 y pudiera ser de aplicación el Reglamento 1215/2012.En segundo lugar, el TJUE ha de resolver la competencia para conocer de una demanda de oposición a la ejecución por parte del deudor de alimentos, cuando el motivo en el que se basa dicha demanda de oposición a la ejecución es la liquidación de la deuda.
Using Asynchronous, Online Discussion Forums to Explore How Life Sciences Students Approach an Ill-Structured Problem
Authors: Yeong Foong May
Published: March 2021

To foster students’ learning of critical-thinking skills, I previously introduced ill-structured problems to provide students opportunities to apply content knowledge and thinking skills. However, I noted that my third-year, life sciences students were not solving such problems effectively. Therefore, I used a grounded approach and conducted content analysis of students’ forum discussions to understand their problem-solving approaches. The students worked in small groups using asynchronous, online discussion forums (AODFs) to discuss their approaches to solving an ill-structured problem posed. Each group submitted their solution to the problem in an essay. From my analysis of students’ posts at AODFs, students seemed fairly competent in using domain-specific knowledge and certain domain-general skills in scientific argumentation. However, they lacked the ability to properly define the problem scope and, consequently, failed to address the problem adequately. The study illuminated students’ challenges and provided me possible ways to plan relevant scaffolds in subsequent iterations of the activity.
SOTL under STRESS: Rethinking Teaching and Learning Scholarship during a Global Pandemic
Authors: Cruz Laura , Grodziak Eileen
Published: March 2021

This essay considers how the current age of multiple crises is leading to changes in questions we ask of teaching and learning, questions we ask in SoTL, and the role of SoTL scholars.
Examining the Focus of SoTL Literature—Teaching and Learning?
Authors: Manarin Karen , Adams Christine , Fendler Richard , Marsh Heidi , Pohl Ethan , Porath Suzanne , Thomas Alison
Published: March 2021

Although the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (SoTL) claims to focus on student learning, some have argued that SoTL studies often adopt a narrow view of learning and focus more on teaching than on learning. In this paper, we explore whether teaching is the primary focus of recent articles published from 2013-2017 in three international, self-identified SoTL journals: Teaching and Learning Inquiry: The ISSOTL Journal (TLI), The International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (ijSOTL), and The Journal of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (JoSoTL). Based on our analysis of the 299 empirical articles, we argue that they portray SoTL as a field focused primarily on teacher activity rather than student learning, despite efforts to broaden its scope.
Review of Writing about Teaching and Learning in Higher Education
Authors: Chick Nancy , Martensson Katarina
Published: March 2021

A review of Mick Healey, Kelly E. Matthews, and Alison Cook-Sather’s Writing about Learning and Teaching in Higher Education: Creating and Contributing to Scholarly Conversations across a Range of Genres
What Type of Debrief is Best for Learning during Think-Pair-Shares?
Authors: Hershock Chad , Barrett Martin , McCarthy Michael , Melville Michael , Mertz Joe
Published: March 2021

Copious research demonstrates the benefits of adding active learning to traditional lectures to enhance learning and reduce failure/withdrawal rates. However, many questions remain about how best to implement active learning to maximize student outcomes. This paper investigates several “second generation” questions regarding infusing active learning, via Think-Pair-Share (TPS), into a large lecture course in Computer Science. During the “Share” phase of TPS, what is the best way to debrief the associated course concepts with the entire class? Specifically, does student learning differ when instructors debrief the rationale for every answer choice (full debrief) versus only the correct answer (partial debrief)? And does the added value for student outcomes vary between tasks requiring recall versus deeper comprehension and/or application of concepts? Regardless of discipline, these questions are relevant to instructors implementing TPS with multiple-choice questions, especially in large lectures. Similar to prior research, when lectures included TPS, students performed significantly better (~13%) on corresponding exam items. However, students’ exam performance depended on both the type of debrief and exam questions. Students performed significantly better (~5%) in the full debrief condition than the partial debrief condition. Additionally, benefits of the full debrief condition were significantly stronger (~5%) for exam questions requiring deeper comprehension and/or application of underlying Computer Science processes, compared to simple recall. We discuss these results and lessons learned, providing recommendations for how best to implement TPS in large lecture courses in STEM and other disciplines.
What Do SoTL Practitioners Need to Know about Learning?
Authors: Steiner Hillary H. , Hakala Christopher M.
Published: March 2021

What does someone embarking on a scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL) project need to know about how students learn? And how can the SoTL novice reconcile their goals to improve teaching and learning with the vastness of the literature on the science of learning? In this article, we consider the complexity of this literature and its intersection with SoTL. We also review several popular books and websites that might be used by the SoTL novice as entry points for grounding their SoTL studies, informing the questions they ask and narrowing the literature they read. In these brief reviews, we offer practical tips and advice on how to use these resources effectively so that one does not have to become an expert in the science of learning to perform outstanding SoTL research.
Challenges of Shaping Student Study Strategies for Success
Authors: Maurer Trent , Shipp Catelyn
Published: March 2021

This paper reports results from a mixed-methods intervention conducted in partnership between a faculty member and an undergraduate to shape student study strategies for success in an introductory course. The instructor provided students with information on the effectiveness of the successive relearning study strategy, conducted an in-class demonstration of the strategy, and explained how students could apply the strategy to their study plan for the first exam. Students were asked about their planned study behaviors for the first exam before the intervention and exam and about their actual study behaviors for the exam after the intervention and exam. Students were asked before the intervention what an instructor could do to convince them to try a new strategy, and again after the intervention whether or not they adopted the new strategy and why. Quantitative results indicated that the intervention had no effect on students’ study behaviors, contrary to the predictions of the prior literature. Qualitative analyses suggested that students were open to learning more effective ways to study and thought that interventions like the one used in this investigation would convince them to try a new strategy. However, students were unable to use successive relearning because of procrastination and time management issues.
Manual de procedimentos fundamentais do processo do cuidado em enfermagem
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Sousa Thainara Rocha de , São-João Thaís Moreira ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Lima Maria Helena Melo ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Araujo Eliana Pereira ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Rodrigues Roberta Cunha Matheus ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Gomes Ana Ruth Assumpção ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas
Published: March 2021

Este manual foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de apoiar o conteúdo prática da disciplina EN322 - Aspectos fundamentais no processo de cuidar em enfermagem, como intuito de auxiliar o aluno em relação à assistência ao paciente e nos procedimentos fundamentais que envolvem a prática diária de um enfermeiro. Esta disciplina visa capacitar o aluno para o cuidado de clientes em diferentes unidades de saúde, no ambiente hospitalar, por meio do desenvolvimento e implementação de aspectos específicos do processo de enfermagem. O conteúdo que será aqui apresentado foi desenvolvido baseado no livro Fundamentos de Enfermagem, o qual faz parte das referências da disciplina. Esse material dispõe de Procedimentos Operacionais Padrão (POP), desenvolvido pelas alunas do Programa de Apoio Didático (PAD), com o intuito de auxiliar o aprendizado das técnicas aqui presentes, e como material de apoio para práticas nas demais atividades práticas durante a graduação.
Kedudukan Hukum Lembaga Penyalur Dalam Pembiayaan Ultra Mikro Sebagai Instrumen Investasi Pemerintah
Authors: Dewantha Andhra
Published: March 2021

Pembiayaan Ultra Mikro bertujuan untuk menyediakan fasilitas pembiayaan kepada usaha ultra mikro. Pusat Investasi Pemerintah (PIP) ditunjuk oleh Menteri Keuangan untuk melaksanakan kewenangan operasional investasi pemerintah dalam Pembiayaan Ultra Mikro tersebut. Dalam menyalurkan Pembiayaan Ultra Mikro, PIP dibantu oleh Penyalur yang merupakan Lembaga Keuangan Bukan Bank (LKBB) yang ditunjuk dan ditetapkan berdasarkan perjanjian kerja sama penyaluran dengan PIP. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah klasifikasi Pembiayaan Ultra Mikro dari perspektif hukum administrasi dan kewenangan baik PIP maupun Penyalur dalam Pembiayaan Ultra Mikro. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa Pembiayaan Ultra Mikro termasuk dalam instrumen investasi langsung lainnya atau investasi non permanen. Dari perspektif hukum administrasi, Pembiayaan Ultra Mikro merupakan tindakan hukum privat yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah dan berupa perjanjian perdata dengan syarat-syarat standar antara PIP dan Penyalur dalam rangka membantu pelaksanaan tugas-tugas pemerintahan tertentu.
Urgensi Penerapan Sistem Pre-Merger Notification sebagai Sistem Pengawasan Merger, Akuisisi, dan Konsolidasi di Indonesia
Authors: Dhaneswara Audi Naura
Published: March 2021

Globalisasi dan revolusi industri mendorong kemunculan berbagai pelaku usaha dengan skema usaha yang inovatif dan adaptif disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan dan perkembangan zaman yang menyebabkan iklim persaingan usaha di Indonesia semakin ketat. Agar pelaku usaha dapat bersaing dan mempertahankan usahanya di dalam pasar, banyak dari pelaku usaha yang melakukan merger, akuisisi, dan konsolidasi. Pelaku usaha yang melakukan transaksi merger, akuisisi, dan konsolidasi yang memenuhi persyaratan tertentu wajib untuk memberikan notifikasi kepada KPPU paling lambat 30 (tiga puluh) hari setelah transaksi tersebut berlaku efektif secara yuridis atau dikenal dengan istilah sistem post-merger notification. Berlakunya sistem post-merger notification yang telah dianut Indonesia selama 21 tahun sejak pertama kali diatur dalam UU No. 5 Tahun 1999 dianggap tidak lagi sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman.
Dewan Pengawas Dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2019 Tentang Perubahan Kedua Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2002
Authors: Septiani Cris
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perubahan substansi yang terdapat dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2019. Salah satunya kewenangan serta independensi yang dimiliki oleh Dewan Pengawas. Dewan Pengawas dibentuk dalam rangka untuk melaksanakan fungsinya yaitu mengawasi pelaksanaan tugas dan wewenang KPK. Kewenangan Dewan Pengawas disebutkan dalam Pasal 37 B. Dalam kewenangan tersebut Dewan Pengawas yang seharusnya menjadi pengawas tetapi memiliki fungsi Pro Justitia yang harusnya dimiliki oleh Aparat Penegak Hukum. Fungsi pro justitia yang dimiliki oleh Dewan Pengawas adalah pemberian izin penyadapan, penggeledahan dan penyitaan. Kewenangan yang dimiliki oleh Dewan Pengawas dinilai melemahkan dan membatasi ruang gerak KPK dalam menangani Tindak Pidana Korupsi. Selain itu kekhawatiran publik mengenai izin penyadapan kepada Dewan Pengawas yang rawan adanya kebocoran serta membuat birokrasi menjadi panjang. Selain itu independensi Dewan Pengawas sebagai pengawas KPK juga menjadi pertanyaan.
Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Pencemaran Nama Baik Melalui Media Sosial
Authors: Hutomo Firman Satrio
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaturan mengenai pemidanaan dan delik penghinaan melalui media sosial di dalam sistem hukum pidana Indonesia dan penegakan hukum dalam perkara penghinaan melalui media social. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif, bersifat preskriptif dengan menggunakan sumber bahan hukum, baik bahan hukum primer maupun bahan hukum sekunder. Pendekatan ini yang digunakan adalah pendekatan undang-undang dan pendekatan kasus. Hasil penelitian yakni pertama, konstruksi hukum dan efektifitas pertanggungjawaban bagi pelaku tindak pidana penceamran namabaik melalui media social telah diatur dalam pasal 27 ayat (3) Undang-undang nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik jo Pasal 45 ayat (3) Undang-undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik. Di dalam KUHP tindak pidana pencemaran nama baik diatur dalam Pasal 310 ayat (1) KUHP. Kedua bahwa perbuatan pada beberapa putusan diatas dimana terdakwa mengupload pada akun facebook yang menunjukkan adanya motif atau niat untuk melakukan penghinaan dan/atau pencemaran nama baik terhadap pelaku. Dan dengan demikian perbuatan tersebut memenuhi unsur pidana dalam Pasal 45 ayat (3) UU ITE.
Model Pemilihan Umum Serentak Nasional Pasca Pelaksanaan Pemilihan Umum 2019
Authors: Paendong Octara Steni
Published: March 2021

Artikel ini berjudul “Model Pemilihan Umum Serentak Nasional Pasca Pelaksanaan Pemilihan Umum 2019”, metode penulisan yang digunakan bersifat normatif, dengan menggunakan pendekatan undang-undang, pendekatan konseptual, serta pendekatan kasus. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk memberikan model Pemilihan Umum alternatif pada Pemilihan Umum serentak nasional yang akan datang. Dari penelitian hukum yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan model Pemilihan Umum serentak yang dapat menjadi alternatif untuk Pemilihan Umum serentak selanjutnya adalah Pemilihan Umum serentak yang membedakan penyelenggaraan Pemilihan Umum serentak di tingkat lokal untuk memilih memilih Gubernur, Bupati/Walikota, DPRD Provinsi, dan DPRD Kabupaten/Kota dan Pemilihan Umum di tingkat nasional untuk memilih memilih Presiden, DPR, dan DPD dengan disertai jeda waktu selama 24-30 bulan antara Pemilihan Umum di tingkat nasional dan Pemilihan Umum di tingkat lokal.
An Overview of Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Chen Patrick , Pusica Yanna , Sohaei Dorsa , Prassas Ioannis , Diamandis Eleftherios
Published: March 2021

Since its initial outbreak in late 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly affected the global community. In addition to the negative health consequences of contracting COVID-19, the implementation of strict quarantine and lockdown measures has also disrupted social networks and devastated the global economy. As a result, there is rising concern that the pandemic has taken a toll on the mental health of the general population. To better understand its impact, an increasing number of studies examined the effects of the pandemic on mental health and psychosocial implications of enforced quarantine and lockdown. In this article, we aim to review and summarize the findings from a variety of studies that have explored the psychosociological effects of the pandemic and its impact on the mental well-being of the general population. We will also examine how various demographic groups, such as the elderly and youth, can be more susceptible or resilient to the pandemic’s mental health effects. We hope to provide a broader understanding of the underlying causes of mental health issues triggered by the pandemic and provide recommendations that may be employed to address mental health issues in the population over the long-term.
Optimization of the Proportion of Surfactant, Co-Surfactant, and Candlenut Oil for Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) of Secang Heartwood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) Methanolic Extract
Authors: Artanti Anif Nur , Prihapsara Fea , Mas'ud Nugraha , Ermawati Dian Eka
Published: March 2021

This study aimed to determine the optimum proportion of hazelnut oil, surfactants, and cosurfactants for SNEDDS of Secang Heartwood using the simplex lattice design (SLD) method using the Design-Expert software. The SNEDDS formula was prepared using Tween 80 and Croduret 50 ss as surfactants, propylene glycol as cosurfactant, and candlenut oil based on physical stability parameters: formula transmittance (%), separation phase, and emulsification time. The optimum SNEDDS formula was compared with the predictive value [p> 0.05] provided by the SLD; then extract the loading dose, accelerated stability test, analysis of particle size, and zeta potential. The optimum proportion of Tween 80-Croduret 50 ss, propylene glycol, and hazelnut oil, based on the SLD, was 62.43%; 22.57%; and 15.0%. The results showed that the transmittance was 93.2%; emulsification time was 74.67 seconds, and; separation phase was 0.89. The SLD's predictive values of the transmittance percentage, emulsification time, and separation phase were 94.98%, 78.97 seconds, 0.84, respectively. The results of the one-sample t-test statistical analysis showed no significant difference between the observative and predictive results. SNEDDS was found capable of loading 25.0 mg of secang heartwood methanolic extract in each system, with a particle size of 23.2 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.142, and zeta potential of +20.8 mV.
Calculation of the charcteristic electronenergy for mercury
Authors: Rasheed Farhan Lafta , Faiadh Ibrahim Gittan , Mahood Hameed Balsssim
Published: March 2021

numerical study is applied to the mercury-argon mixture by solving the boltzman transport equation for different mixture percentage.
The General Relativistic Perspective
Authors: Taylor David
Published: March 2021

This paper formulates additional General Relativistic [GR] equations. They do not contradict General Relativity. They examine Dr. Einstein’s equations from a Relativistically distorted Perspective. The equations examine the distorted Escape velocity [vesc]a GR object, determining its Real vesc after the distortions of Relativity slow Bosons||Gravitons. In contrast to the variables in the Classical equations of Relativity, variables are more specific in their own respect and in their relationship to vesc, not simply the Time distortion. The values for the quantities of rate (Time and Velocity) are the quantities for zero vesc ||zero deformation. The slowdown of all Bosons also can be showed to mean an absolute limit to vesc. The form of all atoms is not the permanent thing supposed in current thinking. Slowdown of atomic structure Bosons would mean all elements subject to decay. The energy in Boson Structure particles would mean a increase in in particle velocity. With a light speed limit to vesc, all Elements could eventually escape. Hydrogen would be the most likely, with a transformation of free energy into the Kinetic energy needed for escape.
Impact of Climate Change on Cereal Production: Evidence from Lower-Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Kumar Pushp , Sahu Naresh Chandra , Kumar Siddharth , Ansari Mohd Arshad
Published: March 2021

This study empirically examines the impact of climate change on cereal production in selected lower-middle-income countries with a balanced panel dataset spanning the period 1971-2016. The study uses average annual temperature, average annual rainfall, and CO 2 emissions to measure climate change. Besides this, cultivated land under cereal production, and rural population are also used as the control variables. Second generation unit root tests, i.e., CIPS, and CADF, are used to test the stationarity of the variables. Feasible Generalized Least Square (FGLS) model is used to overcome the issues of cross-sectional dependence, serial correlation, and group-wise heteroscedasticity. The findings show that a rise in the temperature reduces the cereal production in lower-middle-income countries. While other climate variables, i.e., rainfall and CO 2, affect cereal production positively. The sensitivity of long run elasticity has been checked with the help of Driscoll-Kraay standard regression. The adverse effects of temperature on cereal production are likely to pose severe implications for food security. In conclusion, the paper recommends that governments and cereal producers should carry out adaptation activities and programmes to cope with the negative effects of temperature on cereal production.
Near-resonant dynamics, period doubling and chaos of a 3-DOF vibro-impact system
Authors: Fritzkowski Pawel , Awrejcewicz Jan
Published: March 2021

A mechanical system composed of two weakly coupled oscillators under harmonic excitation is considered. Its main part is a vibro-impact unit composed of a linear oscillator with an internally colliding small block. This block is coupled with the secondary part being a damped linear oscillator. The mathematical model of the system has been presented in a non-dimensional form. The analytical studies are restricted to the case of a periodic steady-state motion with two symmetric impacts per cycle near 1:1 resonance. The multiple scales method combined with the sawtooth-function-based modelling of the non-smooth dynamics is employed. The approximate analytical solutions allow for stability analysis of the periodic motions. Moreover, the frequency-response curves and force-response curves with stable and unstable branches are determined, and the interplay between various model parameters is investigated. The theoretical predictions related to the motion amplitude and the range of stability of the periodic steady-state response is verified via a series of numerical experiments and computation of Lyapunov exponents.
Pilot study on the treatment of low carbon and nitrogen ratio municipal sewage by AOAAO sludge-membrane coupling process with multi-point inflow
Authors: Zhang Dewei , Zheng Jun-Tian , Zheng Jun , Zhao Meng-Ke , Wang Meng-Lin , Zhang Shi-Hua
Published: March 2021

A new multi-point inflowA1/O2/A3/A4/O5 sludge-membrane coupling process and pilot plant were developed and designed to solve the problem of nitrogen and phosphorus removal of low C/N domestic sewage in southern China. By changing the distribution ratio of multi-point influent, the removal effect and transformation rule of organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus in the system were studied. Results showed that when the average low C/N ratio of influent was 2.09 and the influent distribution ratio was 1:1, the average concentrations of COD, NH4+- N, TN and TP in the effluent were 21.31 mg/L, 0.60 mg/L, 12.76 mg/L and 0.34 mg/L, respectively, and the average removal rates are 87.3%, 98.7%, 74.1% and 88.1% respectively. When the low temperature was 12–15℃, the average removal rates were 87.3%, 98.7%, 74.1% and 88.1%, respectively. Compared with the traditional A2O process under the same conditions, the TN removal rate was increased by 15.4%, and the TP removal rate was increased by 22.2%. This system has obvious advantages in treating wastewater with low carbon and nitrogen ratio, which solved the problem that the effluent of biological phosphorus removal from low C/N ratio domestic sewage was difficult to be lower than 0.5 mg/L.
A Quality of Service (Qos) Load Balanced Hybrid Simulated Annealing -Stochastic Diffusion Search (Sa-Sds) Network Backbone for Manet
Authors: V.R KAVITHA , M Moorthi
Published: March 2021

The Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANET) are those networks that do not have the infrastructure and are formed dynamically by means of an autonomous system of some mobile nodes connected through wireless links. All routers are left free to be able to randomly move and arbitrarily organize themselves. So, the wireless topology of the network can have unpredictable and rapid changes. In these types of networks, the provisioning of services based on Quality of Service (QoS) can pose to be very challenging. The work further presented a newer approach that was based on a hybrid Simulated Annealing (SA) along with a Stochastic Diffusion Search (SDS) based multi-path routing network which backbones in giving support to the enhanced QoS in the MANETs. This multipath routing had the objective of improving the dependability and the throughput along with load balancing. The SA is used for solving the problem of the Minimum Dominating Set (MDS). This SDS heuristic gives an algorithm which is simple in its structure and also provides a high exploration level along with fast convergence in comparison with the other algorithms. SA algorithms are also used for improving the diversity of agent and for avoiding it from being trapped within the local optimum. The results of the experiment proved that the SA-SDS method proposed had a better performance compared to the Connected Dominating Set (CDS)-SA.
De novo design of ACE2 based peptide; a potential candidate for COVID-19 therapeutics
Authors: Basit Abdul , Asif Muhammad , Rehman Shafiq ur
Published: March 2021

To date, the current Covid-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has infected 99.2 million while killed 2.2 million people throughout the world and is still spreading widely. The unavailability of potential therapeutics against this virus urges to search and development of new drugs. It enters human cells by interacting with ACE2 and Glucose Regulated Protein 78 (GRP78) receptors expressed on human cell surface through utilizing receptor binding domain (RBD) of its Spike glycoprotein. The RBD domain is highly conserved and is also a potential target for blocking its interaction with human cell surface receptors. We extended our previously proposed tACE2 inhibitory peptide approach (that inhibits RBD and ACE2 interaction) to de novo design of shorter peptides. These peptides can selectively bind to RBD with much higher affinities than the cell surface receptors. Thus, these can block all the binding residues required for binding to cell surface receptors. We used selected amino acid regions (21–40 and 65–75) of ACE2 as scaffold for peptide design using EvoDesign. The method mutates the scaffold residues keeping Cα-backbone of the designed mutant fix, while favorable positioning of mutant R group results in increased binding affinity towards its partner protein. Our designed peptides Pep1 showed interactions with RBD covering almost all of its binding residues with significantly higher binding affinity (-13.2 kcal mol− 1) than the wild type receptors. The MD simulation results showed that designed peptides form a stabilized complex with RBD. We suggest that blocking the RBD through de novo designed peptides can serve as a potential candidate for COVID-19 treatment after been experimentally validated.
Organic farming - Deep genotyping reveals specific selection footprints in barley populations
Authors: Schneider Michael , Barbosa Marissa , Ballvora Agim , Leon Jens
Published: March 2021

Organic farming has the potential to tackle the imminent task of sustainable food production, if the yields could be raised. Here, the benefits of additional exotic alleles, the necessity of increased genetic heterogeneity in organically farmed systems and the buffering capacities by the pronounced plasticity of root traits are demonstrated. Two barley populations, naturally adapted for more than two decades to organic and conventional farming systems, were compared by a novel strategy of whole genome resequencing of pooled samples. Substantial allele frequency deviations between the farming systems were uncovered (for various agronomically relevant chromosomal regions) by testing multiple generations. In contrast to the organic adapted population, an early equilibrium in the conventional population was observed, accompanied reduced genetic diversity. Differences between the populations were revealed in root morphology, developmental processes and abiotic stress responses. These findings indicate that wild genetic resources play a critical role in the development of organically adapted varieties and distinct variations in ecosystems demand different genetic compositions.
Study of blood levels of Lactate, Vitamin D and Nucleated Red Blood Cells for early prediction of Hypoxic–Ischemic Encephalopathy: A cross-sectional case-control study
Authors: Saad Ahmed , thabet Ahmed , Soliman Mohamed , Abdel-Aziz Alyaa
Published: March 2021

Background

Perinatal asphyxia is a serious medical condition in which there is a lack of oxygen or blood flow during, or even after the labor process.
Methods

A cross-sectional case-control study was conducted on 20 neonates with HIE comprising the cases (APGAR ≤ 5) and another 20 neonates representing the control group with their age, sex, and weight matched, admitted to NICU. Sarnat score was used to assess the severity of HIE.
Results

Venous blood levels of lactate and nucleated red blood cells per 100 white blood cells (NRBC/100 WBC) counts were significantly higher in HIE neonates than in the control group with a highly significant difference (p-value < 0.001). While serum Vitamin D was significantly lower in the HIE group than in the control (p-value < 0.001).
Conclusion

Serum lactate level, vitamin D level and NRBCs/100 WBCs might be used as biomarkers in the early prediction of HIE.
Visitor’s willingness to pay for cultural ecosystem services in Bangladesh: an assessment for Lawachara National Park, a biodiversity hotspot
Authors: Saha Narayan , Mukul Sharif A.
Published: March 2021

The valuation of natural ecosystems helps policymakers in allocate adequate resources for the provision of ecosystem services they provide. Cultural ecosystem services are the non-material benefits we obtain from nature, which include but are not limited to recreation, aesthetic enjoyment, physical and mental health benefits. They are essential for a proper sense of a place, human health, and wellbeing. We quantified the recreational and other non-material benefits of Lawachara National Park (LNP), one of the oldest and most diverse forest protected area and touristic attractions in northeast Bangladesh. A Modified Travel Cost Method (MTCM) was applied for quantifying the recreational and other non-material values of LNP. Altogether 309 respondents were interviewed, covering both peak season and slack season. In our MTCM, we considered several additional factors, unlike the commonly used Travel Cost Method (TCM). The value of cultural ecosystem services of LNP was estimated to be Taka 1 476.70 million and Taka 476.44 million per annum using MTCM and TCM, respectively. The value estimated using MTCM was marginally higher than the value estimated using TCM and was due to the additional variables we considered in our modified approach. We believe our estimates using MTCM will guide policymakers to properly value natural ecosystems and facilitate adequate resource allocation for ecotourism in LNP and elsewhere.
Ursodeoxycholic Acid Suppresses The Malignant Progression of Colorectal Cancer Through TGR5-YAP Axis
Authors: Zhang Huan , Xu Huanji , Zhang Chenliang , Tang Qiulin , Bi Feng
Published: March 2021

Background: The Hippo/YAP pathway plays an important role in the development of cancers. Previous studies have reported that bile acids can activate YAP (Yes Associated Protein) to promote tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is a long-established old drug used for cholestasis treatment. So far, the effect of UDCA on YAP signaling in colorectal cancer (CRC) is not well defined. The study means to explore relationship of UDCA and YAP in CRC.Methods: The effect of UDCA on CRC cells proliferation was examined by MTT and clonogenic assay, western blotting (WB), real-time PCR, seperation of nucleoprotein and cytoplasmic protein and immunofluorescence (IF) assays were used to detect expression of YAP, WB, real-time PCR, GST-pull down assay and rhodamine-labeled phalloidin staining assays were used to detect activity of RhoA. After transfection of YAP5SA plasmids and RhoAV14 plasmids respectively, MTT, clonogenic assay, EdU incorporation assays and WB were performed. WB and ELISA were used to detect activity of cAMP/PKA axis, after blocking cAMP/PKA axis with siRNA and inhibitors, MTT, WB, IF and clonogenic assay were performed to test effect of UDCA on CRC cells. WB, IF and real-time PCR assays were used to detect expression of TGR5 in CRC cells after UDCA treatment, and then TGR5 agonist, TGR5 antagonist and siRNA were used to detect effect of UDCA on CRC cells. AOM/DSS-induced primary model was used to detect effect of UDCA, WB and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to detect expression of related proteins.Results: UDCA suppressed YAP signaling by activating the membrane G‐protein‐coupled bile acid receptor (TGR5). TGR5 mainly regulated cAMP/PKA signaling pathway to inhibit RhoA activity, thereby suppressing YAP signaling. Moreover, the restoration of YAP expression alleviated the inhibitory effect of UDCA on CRC cell proliferation. In AOM/DSS-induced CRC model, UDCA inhibited tumor growth in a concentration-dependent manner and decreased expression of YAP and Ki67.Conclusion: UDCA plays a distinguished role in regulating YAP signaling and CRC growth from the primary bile acids and partial secondary bile acids, demonstrating the importance of maintaining normal intestinal bile acid metabolism in cancer patients. It also presents a potential therapeutic intervention for CRC.
Comparison of Major Bleeding Events of Uninterrupted Novel Oral Anticoagulants Versus Uninterrupted Vitamin K Antagonist During Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Yang Qian , Chen Xuefeng , Zhai Jianlong , Dang Yi
Published: March 2021

Background: Previous meta-analyses comparing efficacy and safety of uninterrupted novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) versus uninterrupted vitamin K antagonist (VKA) during catheter ablation (CA) of atrial fibrillation (AF) had no consensus in major bleeding, and didn’t perform subgroup analyses for different types of major bleeding events. This meta-analysis was performed to comprehensively evaluate the risk of major bleeding events of these two anticoagulant strategies during CA of AF.Methods: We searched online databases for randomized controlled trials that compared major bleeding events of uninterrupted NOACs and VKA during CA of AF up to January 2021. A fixed-effect model was used if the chi-squared test P-value was > 0.10 and I2 was < 50%, otherwise a random- effect model was used.Results: Six published studies including 2392 patients were identified for inclusion in the analysis. The overall incidence of major bleeding events was lower in the NOACs group than in the VKA group (OR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.34 – 0.93, I2 = 38%, P = 0.15). Subgroup analyses showed that the incidence of severe puncture site complications was lower in the NOACs group than in the VKA group (OR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.30 – 0.96, I2 = 16%, P = 0.32). But the incidence of cardiac tamponade (OR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.23 – 1.26, I2 = 0%, P = 0.46), intracranial (OR = 0.25, 95% CI = 0.03 – 2.23, I2 = 0%, P = 0.82) and gastrointestinal bleeding (OR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.18 – 5.39, I2 = 0%, P = 0.43) had no statistically significant differences between the two groups.Conclusion: This meta-analysis suggests that compared to uninterrupted VKA, uninterrupted NOACs are superior in major bleeding and severe puncture site complications during CA of AF, but are not superior in cardiac tamponade, intracranial and gastrointestinal bleeding.
Process Parameters Optimization for Thin-walled Tube Push-bending Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Xie Wenlong , Jiang Weihao , Wu Yunfeng , Song Hongwu , Deng Siying , Lăzărescu Lucian , Zhang Shihong , Banabic Dorel
Published: March 2021

In this paper, the response surface methodology (RSM) and finite element (FE) simulation were applied to optimize the push-bending process parameters of the thin-walled tube with polyurethane mandrel. The objective of the present work is to predict the optimal set of process parameters including the relative length of the mandrel (L/D), the friction coefficient between die and tube (μ1), the friction coefficient between polyurethane and tube (μ2) and Poisson’s ratio of polyurethane (υ) to obtain qualified bent tubes. Three empirical models were developed to describe the relationship between process parameters and quality parameters of the bent tubes. In addition, the significant factors affecting the forming quality were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) of each model. Response surfaces were constructed to study the effect of each process parameter on the quality of the bent tubes. Finally, the process optimization window with the maximum thinning rate (ϑ) less than 20%, the maximum thickening rate (ψ) less than 17%, and the maximum cross-section ovality (ξ) less than 5% of the bent tube was established. Qualified bent tubes with diameter of 144 mm, wall thickness of 2 mm, and bending radius of 280 mm were formed experimentally by following the established process window.