bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physiotherapy in patients with cranio-brain traumatism
Authors: Pinheiro Stellet Elisangela , da Silva Polidoro Cinthia , Degel Chaves Letícia , Costa Rosa Natália Maria , Matos Chicayban Luciano
Published: September 2021

Head trauma is a traumatic injury to the skull and, when it reaches the brain, it can produce bleeding and clots. Depending on the severity of the trauma, it can generate physical sequelae and behavioral changes, which may appear soon after the trauma or in the medium term.PURPOSE: to verify the effects of electrical stimulation (NMES) and exercise in post-traumatic brain injury patients. A non-systematic review was performed based on randomized clinical trials in the PEDro and PubMed databases, published between 2009 and 2020. The articles with the highest score in the PEDro score were selected. The following keywords were used: traumatic brain injury. Six studies were selected. In one RCT, NMES induced reductions in chronaxis in the tibialis anterior, with a 1.5-day reduction in MV. An RCT, high-frequency or low-frequency NMES equally improved balance, dynamic gait and sleep quality, falls and headache frequency. In home patients, exercise increased functional reach testing and reduced Time Up and Go time. NMES improved post-void residual urine volume, void volume, maximum urinary flow rate, and Barthel Index scores after 8 weeks. Continuous cardiovascular reconditioning and moderate intensity improved cardiovascular fitness. There was no difference between groups in psychosocial functioning in either group. Rehabilitation of 4 h/day for 5 days/week improved functional independence. Intensive rehabilitation improves the early functional outcome of patients with TBI, but it must be continuous. Neurostimulation and exercise achieved significant improvements in strength, balance and gait, with different types of intervention in patients with head trauma. There is also an improvement in the cardiovascular response.
Elaboration of neonatal and pediatric mechanical lungs
Authors: de Souza Lopes Palagar Anna Esther , de Souza Guimarães Katrine , Motta Vasconcelos Gabriela , Duarte Barreto Xavier Karla , Matos Chicayban Luciano
Published: September 2021

Pediatric patients or newborns admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) receive life support care due to various conditions and pathologies. The physiotherapist controls and applies medicinal gases, institutes and monitors invasive and non-invasive mechanical ventilation, as well as performs weaning, among others. Learning ventilatory management must be appropriate for the age and, therefore, consider different lungs for the proper simulations of compliance and resistance. Although the insertion of physical therapists is relatively recent, there are several postgraduate courses and training in this area. The creation of a mechanical lungthat covers, separately, neonatal and pediatric patients will be a fundamental tool for the learning and training of future professionals who will work in the area. To develop two neonatal and pediatric mechanical lungs, as well as to simulate different elastic and resistive behaviors inherent in clinical practice. Experimental study, bench, divided into two stages: creation of mechanical lungs and evaluation of mechanical characteristics. The lungs will be made on a two-story metallic base: on the upper floor, the pediatric lung and the lower floor, the neonatal. In the second stage, the mechanical lung will be connected to a mechanical ventilator, using its own ventilatory parameters used in both types of patients. For the neonatal, respiratory rate of 35rpm, inspiratory time of 0.45 and endotracheal tube of 3.0 mm. The pediatric lung will be ventilated with a volume between 100-120mL, 20-25 compliance and a 4.5mm orotracheal tube. The construction of the neonatal and pediatric mechanical lung will strongly add the teaching of the Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Physical Therapy specialty in the Undergraduate and Graduate settings, adding value to the teaching and training of professionals.
Thebenefitsofballetfitnessonthequality oflifeofitspractitioners
Authors: Pacheco de Lima Arthur , Gonçalves de Azevedo Priscilla
Published: September 2021

BalletFitnessisaphysicalactivitythatincludesclassicballetmovementsassociatedwithaerobic training, which may have gained in muscle hypertrophy. This work aims tounderstandthecontributionofBalletFitness,itsinfluence,andbenefitsforthequalityoflife of its practitioner, in the physical, social and mental aspects. As a methodologicalstrategy, we used a systematic literature review, as well as the analysis of works suchasarticles, dissertations, theses, and course completion papers researched through the term"Ballet Fitness" in Portuguese, between the years 2016 to 2021, in the database: GoogleAcademic, Scielo and BVS. Among the results obtained, it was found that Ballet Fitnesscanbeused topromotethe qualityoflifeofits practitioners,asit isanactivitythathas adirect relationship to personal achievement, through exercises typical of a classic balletclass associated with exercises practiced in gyms. It was possible to conclude that in thephysical aspects, Ballet Fitness provides a significant difference in the results of arm,chest,hipcircumference,increaseddisposition,bodydefinition,weightloss,improvementinphysicalconditioningandendurance,increasedflexibility,improvementin mobility, the enhancement of physical fitness and strength of the lower limbs. In thesocial aspects, the creation of bonds of friendship between the practitioners of BalletFitness was found, and the reason for making people more confident, not only in theclassroomenvironmentbutinsocietyingeneral. Inthementalaspects,itwaspossibletoobserve personal satisfaction through the realization of a dream, which is the practice ofballet through physical activity,reduction in the level of stress, pleasure in the practice,feeling of accomplishment, and, mainly, improvement in self-esteem. And in terms ofquality of life, it was possible to positively observe the perception of individuals abouttheirpositioninthepracticeofBalletFitness,withinthecontextofthecultureandvaluessystems in which it is inserted and in relation to its goals, expectations, standards, andconcerns.
Os efeitos da aprendizagem da esgrima sobre o controle executivo da memória
Authors: MenezesPaes Rodrigues Gabriel , Terra Arêas Neto Nilo
Published: September 2021

Treated as one of the biggest challenges in the Brazilian educational system, school failure, despite being multi-causal, is closely linked to learning difficulties associated with aspects of cognition, with special attention to the Executive Control of Memory, which in this study will be represented by the variables: Working Memory (MT), Concentrated Attention (AC) and Motor Reaction Time (TRM). Under neuropsychological aspects, the executive control of memory comprises closely linked phenomena and mechanisms and learning, such as: cognitive flexibility, decision making, attention mechanisms, inhibitory control, selection and integration of current information with information already memorized, in addition to planning and monitoring their own learning and performance. This form of cognitive ability is defined by renowned researchers in the “field” as being preponderant to human learning and performance. Dysfunctions in the executive control of memory are commonly a reflection of innate or non-innate psychopathological issues, may be associated with other comorbidities, and are determinants of school failure in a significant number of Brazilian students. Thus, the main objective of this research project is to verify the impact of the practice of the fighting modality Fencing on the executive control of the memory of students from the public school system, participants of this action research, included in psychopedagogical care for issues related to learning difficulties cognitive. The Field Research technique will be used in this study, with the process of testing the variables under study in moments before and after the intervention with fencing classes. The data obtained in the testing process will be treated in a descriptive statistical perspective. For the inference of the data obtained, the Student T Test for dependent samples will be used. To verify the distribution of data, the Shapiro-Wilk test will be used. As a result, research participants are expected to obtain statistically significant results in the studied variables.
Effect of the use of the mouthguardon anaerobic performance: a systematic review
Authors: Jeronymo Uébe Mansur Mayara , Paes Dias Gonçalves Victor , Pontes Morales Anderson , Rocha Calomeni Mauricio , Ribeiro Monteiro Marlana
Published: September 2021

The prevention of trauma is important not only because of the expressive and growing prevalence of this injury, but also because of the high impact on quality of life in terms of physical, psychological and social discomfort, negatively interfering in the athlete's life and career. The use of mouthguards (PB) is an important intraoral device used by athletes, especially those with high performance, with the objective of preventing dental and facial trauma during sports practice. In addition, some studies point to the advantage of using (BP) related to occlusal stability and muscle synergism that can influence muscle strength gain. However, some athletes still resist using it because they believe it can negatively influence their performance. The aim of this study was to analyze the acute effect of the use of mouthguards on muscle strength performance through a systematic review. An extensive article searchwas performed, with only articles published before May 2021, using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Latin American, and Caribbean Health Science Literature (LILACS) databases. 12 studies were selected for this systematic review. Five of the selected articles revealed that the use of mouthguard had significant beneficial effects on anaerobic performance tests, six showed no significant difference and only one had a negative impact. It is concluded that the present study supports and defends the use of mouthguards in athletes so that their performance is not affected.
Panorama da saúde mental da enfermagem durante a COVID-19 no Brasil: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Ferreira Alyci Christini Reis , Barros Francisco Railson Bispo de
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: Identificar a repercussão da pandemia do novo coronavírus (COVID-19) na saúde mental da enfermagem brasileira que atua na linha de frente do cuidado. Métodos: Trata-se de uma Revisão Integrativa da Literatura (RIL) realizada no mês de junho de 2021, mediante consulta as bases de dados BDENF, LILACS, PUBMED e SCIELO. Resultados: Dentre os onze artigos que foram incluídos na amostra, 4 foram da LILACS, 4 da SCIELO e 3 da PUBMED, os quais destacam os efeitos psicológicos da pandemia e a prevalência de níveis mais altos de sofrimento mental entre os profissionais de enfermagem na linha de frente do cuidado, assim como as estratégias adotadas para o combate ao estresse emocional. Considerações finais: Diante do cenário de calamidade vivido durante a pandemia de COVID-19, os enfermeiros foram bastante afetados quanto à sua saúde mental. Incentivos públicos como bom treinamento de uso de EPIs, oferta de terapia por profissionais de saúde mental e aumento de remuneração fizeram com que houvesse uma diminuição no quadro de transtornos mentais sofridos por esses profissionais.
Neonatal morbidity and mortality: A 5-year analysis at federal medical centre, Gusau, Zamfara State, Northwest Nigeria
Authors: Onazi Sunday O. , Akeredolu Festus Dele , Yakubu Musa , Jiya Mohammed Nma , Hano Ibrahim Jibrin
Published: September 2021

Objectives:

Neonatal morbidity and mortality have remained embarrassingly high in Nigeria compared to some countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. Nigeria ranked first in the burden of neonatal deaths in Africa. Therefore, there is need to know causes of newborn diseases and deaths in our neonatal unit. The objective of the study was to describe the morbidity and mortality of newborns admitted into Special Care Baby Unit of Federal Medical Centre, Gusau, Nigeria over a 5-year period.

Material and Methods:

This is a retrospective study covering January 2012 to December 2016. The case folders of all newborns admitted during this period were retrieved and the following information were extracted: Sex of babies, diagnoses, outcome in terms of discharges, deaths, referrals, and discharge against medical advice (DAMA).

Results:

A total of 3,553 neonates were admitted during the period under review. The sex ratio for males and females was 1.4:1, respectively. The major diagnoses were neonatal sepsis (NNS) 36.5%, birth asphyxia 25.6%, and prematurity 16.1%. Mortality rate was 6.6% with major contributions from birth asphyxia (35.6%), prematurity (28.1%), and NNS (12.0%). DAMA rate was 1.7%.

Conclusion:

This study has shown that NNS, birth asphyxia, and prematurity are the dominant causes of morbidity and mortality. These are largely preventable.
Intratumoral hemorrhage in jugular foramen schwannoma after stereotactic radiosurgery: A case report
Authors: Kawashima Mariko , Hasegawa Hirotaka , Shin Masahiro , Shinya Yuki , Saito Nobuhito
Published: September 2021

Background:

Clinically significant intratumoral hemorrhage is a rare complication of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for benign tumors.

Case Description:

Here, we present the case of a 64-year-old man who underwent SRS for a relatively large dumbbell-shaped left jugular foramen schwannoma (JFS) and thereafter developed intratumoral hemorrhage. On post-SRS day 3, he developed lower cranial nerve palsies with radiographically evident tumor expansion. His neurological conditions had gradually improved thereafter; however, he suddenly developed headache, dizziness, and mild hearing deterioration at 7 months due to intratumoral hemorrhage. We managed the patient conservatively, and eventually, his symptoms improved except for slight ataxia and hearing deterioration. Follow-up images at 4 years from SRS demonstrated significant tumor shrinkage. This is the first report describing intratumoral hemorrhage after SRS for JFS.

Conclusion:

Transient expansion of the tumor and subsequent venous stasis around the tumor may have played a role in the hemorrhage. Intratumoral hemorrhage should be considered as a rare, but potential complication of SRS for JFSs.
Persistence of communicating hydrocephalus post choroid plexus tumor resection: Case reports and review of literature
Authors: Basindwah Sarah A. , Alzahrani Basmah S. , Ajlan Abdulrazag M. , Alkhalidi Hiasham
Published: September 2021

Background:

Hydrocephalus is the most common presentation of choroid plexus tumors; it is thought to be caused either by mass effect obstructing the cerebrospinal fluid pathways or secretory properties of the tumor. In these case reports, we present two cases of choroid plexus tumors with persistence of communicating hydrocephalus postoperatively and review similar reports in the literature.

Case Description:

Case 1: a 2-month-old baby girl presented with bulging fontanelle, sunsetting eyes. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed large third ventricle mass with communicating hydrocephalus. She underwent complete excision of tumor through transcortical approach with perioperative intraventricular hemorrhage. Hydrocephalus persisted postoperatively and the patient required permanent ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt. Case 2: a 16-year-old boy presented decreased visual acuity, papilledema, and morning headaches. MRI showed a tumor in the right ventricle and communicating hydrocephalus. He underwent transparietal resection of the tumor. In both cases, hydrocephalus persisted postoperatively and patients required permanent VP shunt. Review of similar cases showed the majority of cases required permanent shunting.

Conclusion:

Choroid plexus tumor patients can present with communicating hydrocephalus that may persist post tumor resection for different etiologies. Careful follow-up to determine the need for cerebrospinal fluid diversion through a permanent VP shunt is important.
Will the high acceptance rate of coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine in Morocco accelerate the recovery of neurosurgical practice?
Authors: Zahrou Farid , M’barek Yassine Ait , Belokda Tarik , Drai Badr , Abdourafiq Hasna , Benantar Lamia , Aniba Khalid
Published: September 2021

Background:

In developing countries, where there is a chronic shortage of neurosurgeons and medical infrastructures, the pandemic has taken a heavy toll on neurosurgical activities. In the absence of a curative treatment, reaching herd immunity through mass vaccination campaigns is the best hope we have of ending this pandemic. Therefore, the purpose of our study was first to assess the effect of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak on neurosurgical services of a Moroccan tertiary hospital. Secondarily, we aimed to describe current vaccination compliance rate in our country, and its impact on the recovery of neurosurgical practice.

Methods:

To examine how COVID-19 challenged the neurosurgical delivery of care in our unit, we compared emergency and elective admissions during COVID-19 and pre-COVID-19 period using the registry of neurosurgery department. Second, after evaluating vaccine acceptance rates among 1463 healthcare workers and patients admitted to our hospital, we compared the number of surgeries performed in our department after implementation of a mass vaccination campaign.

Results:

The overall number of procedures dropped from n = 197 (pre-COVID-19) to n = 150 during COVID-19. The number of elective surgeries declined from an average of 10.5 operations per week before COVID-19 to four surgeries per week during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conversely, an average of 3.5 emergency operations was performed each week before COVID-19 compared to 5.6 per week during the pandemic. On the other hand, our results showed that willingness to get the COVID-19 vaccine among the participants was high (81.7%) with significantly less hesitant individuals among healthcare workers (P = 0.001). This successful vaccine rollout helped resuming gradually elective surgeries in our department.

Conclusion:

Our study found a high acceptance rate of COVID-19 vaccines among Moroccans, which gives a glimmer of hope of restoring all our neurosurgical services. However, despite the high acceptance rate, the authorities must address concerns among hesitant individuals and raise awareness on the importance of COVID-19 immunization.
SYNCHRONIZATION OF STORAGE TANK VOLUME, DISPOSAL WELL VOLUME AND ELECTRIC SUBMERSIBLE PUMP (ESP) PUMP CAPACITY IN DISPOSAL WELL FIELD A
Authors: Musnal Ali , Fitrianti
Published: September 2021

In producing oil, one of the common problems faced by oil and gas companies is the production of a lot of water. Increased water production causes the storage tank to be unable to accommodate the produced water. To overcome the excess water production, some of the water is injected back into the well. In Field A, an innovation has been made for a water injection pump with the driving force coming from the Electrical Submersible Pump (ESP) pump. The working principle of this ESP pump is to drain water from the disposal well to the injection well. Therefore, in order for the injection to run optimally, synchronization is carried out starting from the water entering the holding tank, the flow rate in the Disposal well and the pump capacity (ESP) for injecting from the holding well to the injection well.

The amount of water flow rate injected through the ESP pump is 9,500 BWPD. For this reason, the capacity of the ESP pump as an injection pump is calculated. First, determine the water level in the tank to control the amount of flow that enters the reservoir well.

Based on the results of the research that has been done, the water level in the holding tank to get a flow rate of 9,500 BWPD is 4.11 ft. And the results of the calculation of water will be injected using an ESP pump with a number of stages 22 with the TRW Reda Pump Devision pump type. The water will be channeled to the injection well with a type of galvanized iron pipe with a diameter of the main pipe (mainline) of 6 inches. From the disposal well, it flows with a 4 inch pipe as far as 45.93 ft and a 2 inch pipe as far as 2214.57 ft for well 07. As for wells 60, the flowline size is 4 inches as far as 708.66 ft and 2 inches as far as 987.53 ft.
Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis in a Diabetic Patient Treated with SGLT2 Inhibitor
Authors:   University of Incarnate Word/Laredo Medical Center, Laredo, Texas, USA, O Lavrynenko , H Santos ,   University of Incarnate Word/Laredo Medical Center, Laredo, Texas, USA, A Garza ,   University of Incarnate Word/Laredo Medical Center, Laredo, Texas, USA, R Qazi ,   University of Incarnate Word/Laredo Medical Center, Laredo, Texas, USA, L Cobos ,   University of Incarnate Word/Laredo Medical Center, Laredo, Texas, USA
Published: September 2021

Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) is a life - threatening complication and must be diagnosed and treated promptly and aggressively. The classic triad of DKA is hyperglycemia (Blood Glucose (BG) >250mg/dl; anion gap metabolic acidosis (pH <7.30 and bicarbonate <18mEq/L); and ketonemia. With Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of the sodium - glucose transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), DKA can occur with BG levels below 200mg/dl and has been defined as Euglycemic DKA (EuDKA). Due to the absence of hyperglycemia, the diagnosis of EuDKA is challenging and often delayed. This 60-year-old diabetic male, treated with Empagliflozin and pioglitazone, presented with diarrhea and abdominal pain, which started 20 days ago. He was admitted with dehydration and diagnosis of colitis. On admission laboratory evaluation revealed metabolic acidosis with elevated anion gap of 18mEq/L, bicarbonate of 19mEq/L, and BG of 146mg/dL. There was no history of ingestion of alcohol, salicylates, methanol, ethylene glycol and nothing to suggest lactic acidosis. The plasma creatinine was 0.79mg/dl. On the following day, he developed an increase in the anion gap to 22mEq/L and further decrease in bicarbonate to 13mEq/L, and serum ketones were detected. The patient was treated for EuDKA in ICU with intravenous insulin, dextrose (to prevent hypoglycemia), and normal saline with resolution of his symptoms and EuDKA in 3 days. With the widespread use of SGLT2i, physicians need to have a high suspicion of EuDKA in patients who present with an unexplained anion gap acidosis without or only modest elevation in BG concentration.
Occurrence and Distribution of an Invasive Octocoral, Carijoa riisei in Malaysia’s Marine Park of Pulau Payar
Authors:   Department of Fisheries, Putrajaya, Malaysia, S Normah , MS Ismail ,   Fisheries Research Institute, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, I Md. Nizam ,   Fisheries Research Institute, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, I Zaidnuddin ,   Fisheries Research Institute, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, GB Goeden ,   Blue Planet Environment PLT, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
Published: September 2021

The occurrence of the invasive snowflake coral, Carijoa riisei (Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1860) in Malaysian waters was reported after the species was first detected at Pulau Payar Marine Park in 2014. Its recent appearance in Pulau Payar highlights the need for baseline data concerning the distribution pattern and diversity of C. riisei within the Pulau Payar Marine Park and may enable effective remedial actions in controlling the overgrowth of this octocoral. The snowflake coral and other substrates were quantified over quadrats located randomly on a 50 m transects in three study sites, i.e. Coral Garden, Kaca Reef and Lembu Rock. The percent cover of each substrate category and diversity were determined using the Coral Point Count with Excel extensions (CPCe) software. The snowflake coral was most frequently observed at the depths of 10 to 20 m at each of the study sites. The area with highest coverage of this octocoral was in Kaca Reef at the depth of 20m. About one-third of the benthos and abiotic substrate at all sites was populated by C. riisei. Statistically, no significant differences were found between the distributions of C. riisei by sites. Using diversity indices, we were able to demonstrate the ability of this species to exploit a wide range of differing environments. This ability has allowed it to spread within this marine protected area. Based on this study, we suggested monitoring programs should be regularly conducted within Pulau Payar Marine Park, other reefs should be surveyed for its presence, and an effective mitigation program should be developed for the conservation of the marine ecosystems affected by this invasive species.
Quantitative Analysis of the Relationship between Maxillary Incisors and the Incisive Canal by Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in an Adult Population of Mangaluru
Authors:   Department of Orthodontics, A J Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangaluru, India, D Vaishnavi , V Harshitha ,   Department of Orthodontics, A J Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangaluru, India, K Kishore ,   Department of Orthodontics, A J Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangaluru, India
Published: September 2021

Background: Maxillary anterior teeth play a crucial role in aesthetics, phonetics, and mastication. For successful orthodontic treatment evaluating the morphology of the alveolar bone and incisive canal would help in avoiding root resorption, dehiscence, and fenestration. This study is aimed to research the configurational relationships among maxillary incisors, alveolar bone, and incisive canal through Cone Beam Computerated Tomography (CBCT). Methods: CBCT images of 35 orthodontic patients were evaluated for length of the canal (L); angles between the palatal plane and the maxillary alveolar border (01),the incisive canal (02), and maxillary incisor (03); distance from the right maxillary incisor to the incisive canal (D). All the measurements were performed on sagittal plane with the exception of (D) which was made on axial plane. Statistical analysis was performed on the above parameters using two sample test and Pearson’s correlation analysis. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between males and females for all the variables although there were large interindividual variation. There was a positive moderate correlation between 01 and 02 (0.480), 01 and 03 (0.487), 02 and 03 (0.345). The mean value for L and D were 10.38mm and 4.14mm respectively. Conclusion: There exists a large interindividual variability for incisive canal, proximity of incisors with that of incisive canal which could not be precisely predicted by the conventional cephalograms. The results of the study could be helpful clinically in planning orthodontic treatment for significant intrusion and retraction of maxillary incisors
Hepatitis B Envelope Antigen in Children and Adults with Hepatitis B Infection in Tertiary Health Facility in North East Nigeria During the Period 2000-2015
Authors:   Department of Paediatrics, College of Medical Sciences, Gombe State University, Nigeria, WE Isaac , I Jalo ,   Department of Paediatrics, College of Medical Sciences, Gombe State University, Nigeria, A Ajani ,   Department of Paediatrics, Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe, Nigeria, CO Oyeniyi ,   Infectious Diseases Training and Research group, Gombe, Nigeria, JD Abubakar ,   Department of Community Medicine, College of Medical Sciences, Gombe State University, Nigeria, JT Aremu ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe, Nigeria, MH Danlami ,   Department of Medical Microbiology, Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe, Nigeria
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Worldwide, most people living with chronic HBV infection are in in low- and middle-income countries. Most of the burden of disease from HBV infection comes from infections acquired before the age of 5 years. Materials and Methods: Records of Hepatitis B surface and envelope antigen results of children and adults in Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe between May 2000 and May 2015 were analyzed Results: 22,862 individuals were tested for Hepatitis B surface antigen. 19.5% (4456) tested positive. 24.7 % (3146) and 12.9% (1310) of males and females respectively were HBsAg positive. HBsAg Peak prevalence of 21.8% was in the age group 26-46 (2533) and the lowest prevalence in infancy (3.5%). Amongst males, the 19-25year age group had the peak prevalence of 28.6% and in females the age group 5-9 years constituted the highest (20.3%). 36% (1602/4456) of HBsAg positive children and adults were tested for HBeAg. 26.2% (420/1602) of individuals with HBsAg carriage were HBeAg. More males (307/1105) than females (113/495) were HBeAg positive but not statistically significant. (P=0.034). Prevalence of HBeAg was highest in infants (50%) and children 1-4 years (50%) age group and thereafter declined with increasing age. Females of the younger age group <1year, 1-4 years and 5-9 years and older age group, 56-65 and >65 years, compared to their male carriers of HBsAg had higher prevalence of HBeAg but these were not statistically significant. Conclusion: A fifth of HBsAg carriers were HBeAg positive and HBeAg positivity decreased with increasing age. Hepatitis B vaccination in Nigeria requires urgent strengthening. Keywords: Hepatitis, HBsAg, HBeAg Children, Adults, Nigeria.
External Beam Radiation Therapy for Metastatic Tumor to the Iris: A Case Report and Brief Literature Review
Authors:   Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, JW Clyde , G Sakthivel ,   Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, D Mulford ,   Department of Medical Oncology; University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA, DP Singh ,   Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
Published: September 2021

Tumor metastases involving the iris are rare and represent about 3% of metastases to the uveal tract. The typical presentation is a patient with a known history of carcinoma who develops blurry vision, ocular pain, and/or eye redness, which may be erroneously diagnosed as uveitis. In this case, we report the workup, diagnosis, and treatment of a 76 year old man with a history of node negative multi-focal adenocarcinoma of the lung who was found to have a left iris metastasis. He presented with blurry vision and left eye pain. Exam revealed a 7 x 7 mm amelanotic ciliary body mass, which was ultimately biopsied and found to be consistent with his lung primary. He was treated with external beam radiation therapy, 3000cGy in 10 fractions, to the left globe. His three and nine-month follow up MRIs showed good treatment response and he is clinically without disease progression. EBRT is a safe and effective modality for the treatment of iris metastases.
Virtud y mujer en la Ética a Nicómaco
Authors: Lovón Cueva Carolina Mirian
Published: September 2021

El presente artículo pretende analizar la virtud de la mujer desde el enfoque ético de Aristóteles. La mujer ha sido situada en un nivel inferior en comparación con el “hombre”. Esta clasificación puede identificarse cuando el filósofo estagirita plantea el proceso de cómo se forma el hombre virtuoso en los capítulos de la Ética a Nicómaco (EN). En estos capítulos se reconoce que el hombre alcanza la virtud con la práctica de las facultades intelectiva, electiva y deliberativa; en cambio, la virtud de la mujer es sometida a la aprobación del esposo o el padre, representantes de la autoridad familiar y social. Algunos extractos recogidos de la Ética a Nicómaco permiten reconocer la distinción de igualdad entre el “hombre” y la mujer. El análisis de esta investigación se concentra en revisar los aspectos básicos que considera Aristóteles para clasificar a un individuo como virtuoso; para ello, se recurre a algunos libros de la Ética a Nicómaco. En segundo plano, se intenta desarrollar la determinación de la mujer en el pensamiento aristotélico con el refuerzo de bibliografía secundaria. Finalmente, la investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la virtud aristotélica de la mujer a partir de la Ética a Nicómaco, aquella que se ha justificado e impuesto en un sistema social jerarquizado.
Mirador de ilusiones. Cuaderno de cine para la educación escolar (2020)
Authors: Núñez Alberca Alejandro
Published: September 2021

Reseña bibliográfica de "Mirador de ilusiones. Cuaderno de cine para la educación escolar" (2020) de Jorge Eslava. Universidad de Lima, Fondo Editorial.
El fatal destino de Roma (2019)
Authors: Mac Kay Fulle Martín
Published: September 2021

Reseña bibliográfica de "El fatal destino de Roma" (2019) de Kyle Harper. Editorial Crítica.
Palomas, cóndores y gallinazos (2019)
Authors: Machado Eliana
Published: September 2021

Reseña de Palomas, Cóndores y Gallinazos (2019) de Borka Sattler. Editorial Horizonte.
Human Resources and Islamic Microfinance Sustainability: An Empirical Study of Baitul Maal wat Tamwil in Indonesia
Authors:   Kulliyah of Economics and Management Sciences, International Islamic University, Selangor, Malaysia, Dawami Qosdan , Abdul Razak Dzuljastri ,   Kulliyah of Economics and Management Sciences, International Islamic University, Selangor, Malaysia, Hamdan Hamdino ,   Kulliyah of Economics and Management Sciences, International Islamic University, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to determine empirically the relationship between human resource adequacy and the sustainability of BMT in Indonesia. Methodology: This study used a triangulation design as research method. The total number of 285 questionnaires were distributed manually to BMT staffs and analyzed using SPSS. In addition, this study also conducted semi-structured interviews with some managers of BMT. Findings: The study findings exhibited that the relationship between human resource adequacy the sustainability of BMTs was significance and positive relationship. Originality: This study revealed the impact of human resources on the sustainability of BMT, which to the authors’ knowledge has not been conducted empirically. Research Implications: This study recommends managers of BMT to strengthen human resources management through conducting some training programs in order to improve BMT sustainability
LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS-PART 2 BIOCHEMISTRY, PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY, ANIMAL CELL CULTURE, GENETICS
Authors: K Gopi
Published: September 2021

The main purpose of this book is focused on laboratory practical skills are related to the life sciences including Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology. In the advanced Biological (life sciences) science practical skills and instrumentations are important to the students who studying life science in the area of Biochemistry microbiology and Biotechnology.
Eye movement analysis as a tool to evaluate virtual reality systems and human behaviour
Authors: Melo Miguel
Published: September 2021

Virtual Reality technologies are evolving at a fast pace. It is important to establish if these novel solutions met the goals they were developed for (i. e., to evaluate if they are effective). These technological-based products, whether based on a conventional PC setup or an immersive virtual reality setup, predominantly rely on the stimulation of the sight. With this, the eye movement analysis appears as an important metric to evaluate technological environments. Through eye movement analysis can establish how persons collect information and what influences their actions and decisions and determine certain preferences or behaviours.
Developing RF Power Sensor Calibration Station in Direct Comparison Transfer System using Vector Network Analyzer
Authors: Szatkowski Jarosław ,   National Institute of Telecommunications, Poland
Published: September 2021

Calibration of RF power sensors is crucial issue in RF power measurements. Many calibration laboratories use the direct comparison transfer system with a signal generator and a power splitter. Increasing performance of modern vector network analyzers makes it possible to perform a power sensor calibration with acceptable uncertainties. The main advantage when using a VNA is a simple measurement setup with a wide frequency range (up to 50 GHz, limited only by the VNA and the standard power sensor), where all of required components, i.e. signal generator, a directional coupler and a reference power indicator are built in the VNA technology. This paper reports performing a VNA-based RF power sensors calibration for 10 MHz – 18 GHz band, carried out in the Laboratory of Electric, Electronic and Optoelectronic Metrology at the National Institute of Telecommunications in Warsaw, Poland. In order to validate the proposed solution two of power sensors were calibrated at a reference laboratory. The validation consisted of two steps. At first, one of those characterized power sensors was calibrated at our laboratory in direct comparison transfer system. Finally, the results obtained from the VNA-based system were compared with the previously obtained ones.
Open Balloon Tamponade and Hepatic Angiography for Hemorrhage Control of Transhepatic Gunshot Wounds in a Hybrid Trauma Operating Room Environment
Authors: Harfouche Melike N , Morrison Jonathan , Kundi Rishi , DuBose Joseph J , Scalea Thomas M
Published: September 2021

The management of high-grade liver trauma is challenging and mortality rates are high. Balloon tamponade is a valuable tool for control of transhepatic penetrating injuries. We report three cases of hybrid management of penetrating liver trauma with balloon tamponade and hepatic angiography in a hybrid operating room environment. The combination of balloon tamponade with hepatic angioembolization provides an enhanced approach for the management of these injuries.
“Co-construction” to “Symbiosis”: Research on the Integrated Governance Mechanism of Industrial Colleges in Higher Vocational Colleges
Authors: Wang Yan
Published: September 2021

Industrial colleges are the connection point between higher vocational colleges and enterprises to carry out in-depth collaborative education. At present, there are three forms of industrial colleges: surface cooperative industrial college focusing on order cooperation, middle-level industrial college relying on industry development, and deep cooperative industrial college with integrated development. There are several common problems among the three forms of industrial colleges, such as vague positioning, unclear division of responsibilities and rights between both parties, and “free riding” at all levels. In order to establish symbiotic industrial colleges, there is a need to change the concept first, then establish and improve the system, and finally, establish a cross-border teacher pool.
The Approach of Major Players in Retail in Expanding Their Operations into Developing Markets – Taking Walmart as an Example
Authors: Zhang Wenyan
Published: September 2021

This research investigates the expansion behavior of international (giant) retailers, with a specific focus on the determinants of the entry mode choice in emerging markets based on the performance of Walmart in its venture into less developed markets. This research investigates the approach in which major players in retail are expanding their operations into other developing markets, specifically focusing on how the entry mode decisions of giant retailers moderate the risks and difficulties in making business in emerging countries. The objective of this study is to analyze and evaluate the potential causes and antecedents of large merchants’ entry mode (EM) choices by assessing Walmart’s business performance in less advanced nations in recent years.
Effectiveness of Context-Based Strategy for English Learning among Chinese Middle School Students
Authors: Luo Yibu , Chen Xiangting
Published: September 2021

Currently, a growing number of educators are aware of the need to look for new approaches to replace the “spoon-feeding” method. Therefore, the context-based strategy began to emerge. This study aims to investigate how students derive information through contextual clues by examining the progress of Chinese middle school EFL students in terms of word recognition. The participants of this study included 20 eighth grade students from the same middle school. The participants sat for two different quizzes: a contextual vocabulary quiz (quiz A) and a direct instruction quiz (quiz B). In quiz A, the participants inferred the meaning of the target words from the example sentences, whereas in quiz B, the students utilized the accompanying English explanation to guess other new words. These students were in the experimental and control conditions, respectively. The two quizzes comprised of 15 multiple choice questions (MCQ) which differentiated the participants’ word recognition response to two different learning methods. There were two significant findings from this study. First, the results showed that the context-based strategy leads to a better vocabulary learning performance compared to the direct instruction strategy. Second, although it is not as effective as the context-based strategy, the direct instruction strategy may assist EFL learners in remembering words in short term.
Analysis on the Construction of Enterprise Practice Base for Vocational Education Teachers – Taking Industrial Park as an Example
Authors: Wei Ke , Li Yanjun
Published: September 2021

Higher vocational education is the main place for cultivating high skilled talents. Only teachers with rich skills can cultivate excellent skilled talents. In order to promote the reform of vocational education, the focus should be on building a team of high-quality professional teachers. In the Opinions on Comprehensively Improving the Teaching Quality of Higher Vocational Education that was issued by the Ministry of Education, it has been proposed that professional teachers should be encouraged to practice in enterprises, accumulate practical work experience, and improve practical teaching ability. The purpose of the vocational education community is to establish an enterprise practice base to meet the needs of the modern industry as well as effectively cultivate technical and skilled talents in line with enterprises. The industrial park industry is used as an example in this article to explore the operation mode of enterprise practice base in adapting to the development of the modern industry as well as to better serve the development of vocational teachers and the improvement of students’ professional ability.
Research on the Influence of Early Experience on the Growth Rate of Science and Engineering Graduate Supervisors
Authors: Xia Yu
Published: September 2021

This research is based on three northeastern double first-class polytechnic universities. A total of 1628 science and engineering graduate supervisors’ resumes were referred to from an official website by the random sampling method, of which only 500 supervisors were included in consideration of complete information, key events, and time in terms of the educational background (undergraduate school, graduate school, doctoral school, number of masters, number for Dr.), early work background (number of postdocs, number of overseas visits, numbers of research work), and the growth rate (period from graduation to associate professor title). The higher education background and early work background were defined as early experience, and the database of these 500 science and engineering graduate supervisors with complete resume information from three double first-class universities in northeastern China was established. In this study, the growth rate of the growth period was divided into two at the critical period: the growth rate of the graduate supervisor to associate professors. Through stepwise multiple regression analysis, it was found that higher education background (undergraduate schools, graduate schools, doctoral schools, as well as the number of master’s and doctorate degrees) as well as early work background (number of postdoctoral work, research work, and overseas visits) have a significant impact on the growth rate of graduate supervisors to associate professors.
Xinli Wen’s Experience in Treating Chronic Gastritis with Insomnia
Authors: Ma Xueyan , Wen Xinli
Published: September 2021

Through reviews of chronic gastritis treatment literatures in the past 10 years, it has been found that most patients with chronic gastritis also have insomnia and other symptoms in addition to the manifestations of gastritis, in which modern medicine has found clear correlations between the two. In Professor Xinli Wen’s practice, the professor believes that the pathogenesis of this disease is a mixture of cold and heat. In regard to treating the disease, the characteristic of “the desire to solve Jueyin disease” is well-grasped. Professor Wen emphasizes on the harmonization of the liver and spleen as well as the restrain from following the original prescription and application of its medicine. Therefore, she used Mume pill to increase and decrease the upper temperature and lower temperature in regulating cold and heat.
Application of Intensive Pain Nursing in Postoperative Nursing of Clinical Patients with Lung Cancer
Authors: Sun Fangming
Published: September 2021

Objective: The intensive pain nursing was added to the surgical nursing of lung cancer and the clinical nursing effect was discussed. Methods: 50 patients with lung cancer received in our hospital from January 2020 to June 2021. The observation group was given intensive pain nursing and the control group was given routine nursing. The clinical nursing effects of the two groups were studied. Results: The pain degree of the two groups was improved after nursing. The pain relief effect of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the nursing effect of the two groups was different (P < 0.05). Conclusion: In the postoperative nursing of patients with lung cancer, the intervention of intensive pain nursing can relieve the pain of patients, which is worth popularizing.
The Causes of Individual Differences in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Jin Yufei
Published: September 2021

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by various symptoms including impaired social interactions, unusually repetitive behaviors, and highly restricted interests etc. People with ASD differ significantly on their clinical profiles and the causes of such individual differences are not yet fully understood. The present paper provides an overview of the causes of individual differences in ASD from three different perspectives: genetic, environmental, and neurobiological perspectives. The present paper also describes one study design in detail within each perspective (i.e., classical twin design, epidemiological case-control design, and magnetic resonance imaging), and explains how each study design is informative about the causes of ASD.