bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Nutritional Value of Milkfish Shredded with Milkfish Bone Shredded (Chanos Chanos)
Authors: Karim Mutemainna , Susilowati Aryanti , Saokani Jawiana , Lawi Yeni Savitri Andi
Published: September 2021

The use of fishbone waste as shredded product is one of the right alternatives to provide a source of calcium-rich food that is cheaper, easier to obtain and of course easily absorbed and reduces the adverse effects of environmental pollution. The purpose of this research is to create a diversified product of milk fishbone shredded as an alternative use of fishery byproducts and to compare the chemical or nutritional characteristics of fishbone shredded and shredded milkfish (Chanos chanos). This study uses a comparative method. The results showed that the nutritional content of fish bone shredded was not much different from shredded milkfish products. The nutritional value of fishbone shredded are: 6.86% water content, 38.71% protein content, 17.16% fat content, 23.63% carbohydrate content and 1.59% crude fiber content, 12.04% ash content, 1.70% calcium content, and 1.51% phosphorus content. While the nutritional value of milkfish shredded is: 7.89% water content, 42.2% protein content, 31.48% fat content, 9.30% carbohydrate content, 1.64% crude fiber content, 7.49% ash content, 2.54% calcium content, and 1.34% phosphorus content. The nutritional value of fishbone shredded is higher in carbohydrate content, crude fiber content, and ash content compared to milkfish shredded products. The nutrient content of fishbone shredded is lower in water content, protein content, and fat content when compared to milkfish shredded products. High levels of ash in milkfish floss have the potential to be a source of calcium and phosphorus minerals. Thus fishbone shredded can be used as a mineral food source to meet the nutritional needs of the community.
A Literature Review on Design of Mini Rice Milling Machine
Authors: Jamal Atif
Published: September 2021

Rice mill is important step in post production of rice, past studies had proven that supply of rice can be increased by additional conversion of paddy to rice through use of modern paddy processing techniques. Aim of this project will be to provide an alternative solution to farmers in form of a portable rice mill machine and decrease dependency on rice mill industries and own a feasible solution for rice milling and own the byproduct obtained from milling process such as bran and husk. A pair to leather roller will be used to remove the husk and mini huller mill will be used for whitening of rice. In this study, we will use conventional method as well as CAD model for designing a portable rice mill machine. Then analysis of design will be performed comparing to study and existing models. After final analysis, when result is found to be safe, design will be finalized.
Precise Fault Location Detection Using IOT
Authors: Naimuddin Prof. Sayyad , Khan Prof. Nahid , Gupta Vaishali , Farhat Tuba , Ansari Deepak Singh Mujeebuddin , Khan Mohsin , Chaware Shubhangi
Published: September 2021

Transmission and distribution lines are used to transmit and distribute electrical power throughout load center. The problem with these lines are, because the loads are unbalanced and their attraction towards various faults as a results of lightning, short circuits, faulty equipment’s, miss-operation, human errors, overload, and aging. To avoid this case and that we need the precise location of fault occurrence. To avoid this situation, we need the exact location of fault occurrence. This problem is handled by a set of resistors representing cable length in KMs and fault creation is made by a set of switches at every known KM to cross check the accuracy of the same. Only way to solve this problem is to come up with a mechanism that can detect the fault in an electricity transmission line automatically and intimate the authorities with a precise location. Through this project we develop a device that uses sensors to sense the incoming & outgoing values and detect healthy and faulty condition. And, the system will be integrated with IoT mechanism, to intimate the responsible people real time with the location information. Moreover technical losses occur naturally and are caused because of power dissipation in transmission lines, transformers, and other equipments. The system prevents the illegal usage of electricity.
Underwater Image Enhancement with a Deep Residual Framework
Authors: Phapale Anuja , Kasture Puja , Katkar Keshav , Karale Omkar , Deshmukh Atal
Published: September 2021

This paper focuses on framework developed with the goal to enhance the quality of underwater images using machine learning models for the Underwater Image enhancement system. It also covers the various technologies and language used in the development process using Python programming language.
The developed system provides two major functionality such as feature to provide input as image or video and returns enhanced image or video depending upon user input type with focus on more image quality, sharpness, colour correctness etc.
Measurement and Co-Relation of Hand Span and Dexterity Function in Paediatric Population
Authors: Shah Dr. Vidhi , Pangde Renuka , Guruprasad Padmaja , Padhi Sunita , Panchal Bhakti , Pokar Pooja
Published: September 2021

Background

The measure of handgrip strength is influenced by several factors including age, gender, different angle of shoulder, elbow,wrist and grip span . there is an optimal grip span at which maximum handgrip strength is obtained in adult.Hand span affect maximal and submaximal handgrip strengths. It was found that hand span affect grip strength, grip force and dexterity function in adult as well as geriatric population. In geriatric population hand grip function decreased with age.

Methodology

Screening was done in 3 schools near PCMC area and students were selected as per the inclusion criteria. Total 150 children’s age from 6 to 16 years were selected from the convenient places. Hand span was measured in both hands (Dominant and Non-dominant) from the tip of the thumb to the tip of the small finger with the hand open as wide as possible. And the results of hand span measurement were rounded to nearest whole. The dexterity function was measured using Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test. There were 7 subtests performed in the Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test.

Results :

The results shows that there was a strong negative correlation between the hand span and subtest1,2,3,7 of Jebsen Taylor Hand Function test. There was a moderate negative correlation between the subtest 4,5,6 of Jebsen Taylor Hand Function test.

Conclusion :

In pediatrics, as the age increases, the hand span and hand grip strength increases but the time required to complete the subtest in Jebsen Taylor hand function test decreases. So the dexterity function improves.
Student's Performance Analysis with EDA and Machine Learning Models
Authors: Kumar Dr. A. Senthil , Joshna K.
Published: September 2021

Educational data analytics is used to study the data which is available in the educational institutions and bring out the insights from it. Analytics is a process of discovering, analyzing, and interpreting meaningful patterns from large amounts of data. Predictive analytics can help in improving the quality of education by providing right information for decision makers to take better decisions. This paper focuses on the need for implementing the data analytics in educational system, suggests some strategies to use these needs. While implementing any system, the understanding of different components and their functions is necessary. The educational data analytics has potential to discover, analyze and predict meaningful knowledge from educational data which will help to education management system for flexible planning, execution and prediction for future.
An Assessment of Occurrences of Thunderstorm as an Indicator of Climate Change : A Case Study of Potiskum and its Environs, Yobe State, Nigeria
Authors: Akilu Muhammad Sani , Ibrahim Muhammad
Published: September 2021

This study examines the occurrences of thunderstorm and rainfall as indicator of climate change in Potiskum and its environs through exploring the decadal recorded data of rainfall and thunderstorm. The data obtained were used to analyze the changes and activities of thunderstorms with rainfall, and thunderstorms without rainfall for each month of the 30 years under study. A descriptive and Inferential statistics was employed to determine the frequency and trend of thunderstorm activities as well as the intensity of rainfall. The analysis indicated that there was decrease in thunderstorm occurrences from first decade (1987 - 1996), second (1997 - 2006) to third decade (2007 - 2016). The results also showed that there was an increase of rainfall intensity in the third decade and decrease in second decade. The results further indicated that there was a climatic change in thunderstorm and rainfall activities in Potiskum and its environs during the study period, and this serves as good indicator of climate change in the study area. Therefore, it is recommended that Nigeria should develop capacity for research and data collection, to monitor climate change impacts, formulate and implement policies to protect natural resources, including forests, and conserve energy based on clean and low carbon technologies.
Confidentiality of Data using Hash Function
Authors: Ramprakaash K. , Ramkumar S. , Santhosh R. K. , Priya P. Shanmuga
Published: September 2021

Steganography and Cryptography are two major fields which is widely used for data security. With the help of these technologies, data security is provided in banking system. In the proposed method, the online transactions are done virtually using hash function. Encryption of data is done by using the cryptographic hash function algorithm. The proposed approach implements an efficient algorithm for embedding the data in an image using steganography which provides the better security pattern for sending messages through a network. The authentication details of the sender and the receiver is hidden to achieve a secure transmission. The proposed approach provides better integrity and confidentiality. This paper implemented a novel methodology which can be used as a secure and highly efficient method of data hiding and data extracting.
A Comparative Anthelmentic Studies on Jasminum Grandiflorum and Cordia Diachotoma
Authors: Bhaldar Muskan M. , Kane Sandeep R. , Mali Hanmant S. , Kandle Hemant S.
Published: September 2021

Anthelmintics are a class of antiparasitic drugs that eliminate parasitic worms (helminths) and other internal parasites from the body by stunning or destroying them without harming the host. They're also known as vermifuges (stun drugs) or vermicides (drugs that destroy vermin) (those that kill). Anthelmintics, a disease called helminthiasis, are used to treat individuals that are infected by helminths. For the care of infected animals, these medications are sometimes used. The extraction from leaves of Jasminum Grandiflorum and Cordia Dichotoma was done by soxhlet apparatus for 3 days by using alcohol (Ethanol) as solvent. After that the evaporation of solvent was done for obtaining solid form of extract. Phytochemical screening of solid form of extract was performed to study its contents ( Eg. Tannins, Alkaloids, Anthocynin, steroids, etc.)Cordia Dichotoma and Jasminum Grandiflorum extracts in ethanol were taken for anthelmintic activity against Parthitima Postuma which is an Indian earthworm. Various quantities of both extract were monitored and the results were expressed for paralysis and bacterial death time. Distilled water used as acontrol group. Dependent Activity of the dose of both plants was observed But Jasminum grandiflorum shows more activity than Cordia diachotoma .It was concluded that Both the studied plants had some anthelmintic activity, therefore, in vivo trials may be conducted for further.
Comparison of Poisson’s Ratio Measurement Methods: The Extensometer and the Universal Tensile Testing Devices
Authors: TİRİTOĞLU Mehmet , TEZEL Serkan , KAVUŞTURAN Yasemin
Published: September 2021

Auxetic materials with a negative Poison’s ratio (PR) have the potential to meet the demand for different materials, especially technical textiles. In the literature, Universal Tensile Test (UTT) devices and various experimental setups developed by researchers have been used in PR measurements. This study aims to investigate the PR of knitted fabrics with UTT and extensometer devices comparatively by using the same measurement parameters according to ASTM E132. Knitted fabrics with zigzag and foldable patterns were produced in the study because of their auxetic behaviour. It has been determined that the extensometer device can be used as an alternative to the UTT device for PR measurements. While the PR of foldable fabrics cannot be measured with the UTT device because of the fabrics' folding on themselves, it has been observed that it can be easily measured with the extensometer device thanks to the horizontal axis principle.
Correlation Between Carbon Monoxide Level In Exhaled Air and Pulmonary Function On Grill Street-Vendors In Medan City
Authors: Chen Jery , Noni Novisari Soeroso  , Syamsul Bihar  , Lambok Siahaan
Published: August 2021

Background. Air pollution is the result of household waste responsible for 3.8 million death and 7.7% of all mortality over the world. One air pollutant which tends to increase year by year is carbon monoxide (CO). CO is produced as the result of the imperfect combustion of machines and the combustion of charcoal. The purpose of this study is to assess the correlation between CO level in exhaled air and pulmonary function on grill street-vendors in Medan city.
Method: This study is an observational analytic with a cross-sectional approach. The subjects were grill in Medan city who fulfilled certain inclusion and exclusion criteria with the consecutive sampling method. This study data is primary data which is collected using a questionnaire, smokerlyzer, and spirometry.
Result: The subjects of this study are 25 grill street-vendors. Most subjects in this study have red (40%) and green (32%) zone in CO exhaled test and as in pulmonary function test, restrictive (56%) and mixed-type (40%) are the most. The Spearman correlation result between CO level in exhaled air and pulmonary function  FEV1 and FVC are not significant (p=0.068 and p=0.251).
Conclusion: There is no significant correlation between CO levels in exhaled air and pulmonary function
A importância da elaboração e da divulgação dos demonstrativos sociais
Authors: Cavalcante Daiana de Fátima Moreira
Published: September 2021

As mudanças ocorridas no cenário econômico trazem consigo um novo desafio às entidades e, paralelamente, à Contabilidade e ao profissional contador. As entidades são cobradas para além de seu desempenho econômico e financeiro ao assumirem inúmeras funções e responsabilidades sociais e ambientais. No entanto, visa-se descobrir se a divulgação dos projetos e ações socioambientais agrega valor à marca institucional. Partindo deste questionamento, o foco do presente estudo é ressaltar a importância de as organizações elaborarem e divulgarem os demonstrativos sociais para fortalecerem sua imagem no mercado. Adicionalmente, destacam-se, também, as principais informações que devem subsidiar a confecção e constar nestes demonstrativos. A metodologia adotada foi a pesquisa exploratória com revisão de bibliografias que tratam das temáticas abordadas. Com o estudo, identificou-se que os demonstrativos sociais visam à evidenciação das origens e da destinação dos recursos auferidos e essa transparência dá visibilidade à organização, bem como posiciona esta como socialmente responsável perante à sociedade e ao meio ambiente que integra. Por fim, concluiu-se que a atuação responsável dessas entidades se dá por meio de projetos e da distribuição adequada da riqueza gerada pelos diversos públicos envolvidos, bem como pela elaboração e divulgação dos demonstrativos sociais pelo profissional contabilista. Tais aspectos podem tanto agregar valor quanto fortalecer a imagem institucional.
Mesossistema escola-família: impacto no desenvolvimento integral da criança
Authors: Roos Marcia Sabrina Roos de , Truccolo Adriana Barni
Published: September 2021

A família e a escola são microssistemas por onde a criança transita levando consigo as experiências ora vivenciadas no ambiente familiar, ora vivenciadas nas interações construídas no ambiente escolar. Vínculos afetivos são criados nesses dois potentes e potenciais espaços de desenvolvimento da criança. Na família irão ocorrer as primeiras e principais interações sociais da criança, sendo considerada sua primeira fonte de informação. A Escola é o segundo espaço de convívio social das crianças e onde serão estabelecidas as interações com os pares e os professores. Tanto a família quanto a escola são as referências da criança e será o grau de afinidade entre ambas, que impactará positivamente no seu desenvolvimento e formação. Assim, surgiu a seguinte questão de pesquisa: Existe interação entre as famílias de escolares do terceiro ano do ensino fundamental e a escola estadual a que pertencem? O objetivo geral deste estudo foi identificar em que situações ocorre a participação das famílias de escolares do terceiro ano do ensino fundamental junto à escola. Pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa, descritiva com relação aos objetivos, de campo com relação aos procedimentos técnicos, tendo como instrumento de coleta dos dados a observação não participante e entrevistas semiestruturadas. A amostra foi composta por 17 crianças, uma professora e nove pais ou responsáveis. Os dados foram coletados em uma escola pública estadual e foram analisados a partir da construção de eixos de análise: eixo criança, eixo professora e eixo família. Constatou-se que a participação ativa da família no ambiente escolar promove conforto e segurança para as crianças, e os procedimentos pedagógicos adotados pela equipe diretiva levam em conta sugestões de algumas famílias, no sentido de promover às crianças um ambiente favorável ao desenvolvimento de suas capacidades. As famílias comparecem à escola principalmente para saber acerca do grau de aproveitamento da criança nas aulas, sendo importante o aprendizado de conteúdo. Conclui-se que o mesossistema escola-famílias impacta diretamente no desenvolvimento integral da criança, sendo o ambiente familiar um potente influenciador do aprendizado da criança e a escola o local de acolhimento dessa criança que é única em experiências vividas.
Varón senegalés de 28 años con fiebre e imposibilidad para la deambulación
Authors: Torres-Arrese Marta , Santos-Franco Laura , Ibáñez-Sanz Laín , Castro-Arias Lorena
Published: September 2021

Este caso presenta una patología excepcional cuya demora en el tratamiento puede generar secuelas a largo plazo. Así mismo el tratamiento tiene peculiaridades que conviene conocer. Varón senegalés de 28 años con datos flogóticos en la sacroilíaca izquierda y maniobras de provocación sacroilíacas positivas acompañado de fiebre y aumento de reactantes de fase aguda. El tratamiento precoz en nuestro caso permitió una evolución favorable.
The Impact of Sports Diplomacy on Improving Kosovo's International Image
Authors: REXHEPI Rinor , SAHITI Vigan
Published: September 2021

Public diplomacy which is part of soft power is a branch of diplomacy which has recently taken place and importance in the agendas of large and small states. This segment of diplomacy includes a series of methods and maneuvers which bring positive results to the country it uses and promotes for its own interests. Sports diplomacy is an important dimension of a country's public diplomacy, which has an important and influential role. Different countries aim to use sports diplomacy in the most effective way in favor and profit of their country, and one of these countries is the state of Kosovo. During our work we have tried to present the impact of Kosovo sports diplomacy and its role in improving the international image. Through descriptive, comparative, analytical methods as well as through interviews we have tried to shed light on how much sports diplomacy has influenced the improvement of Kosovo's international image. With the method of interviews, we have interviewed 3 experts in sports diplomacy, and we have analyzed these interviews by implementing the comparison with materials and scientific facts which are related to public diplomacy, with an emphasis on sports diplomacy. In conclusion, we can say that sports diplomacy in Kosovo should be given great importance in order to achieve greater results. Kosovo and its competent institutions need to develop specific strategies and investments for its sports diplomacy.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TOWER BASE TRANSCEIVER STATION (BTS) FOOT 4 BETWEEN BRACING TYPE V WITH BRACING TYPE X
Authors: Sumaidi
Published: September 2021

The development of an area must be followed by the development of adequate facilities and infrastructure to support the activities of that area. Therefore, an effective and efficient transportation service is needed. The bridge is a means of transportation that functions to connect roads that have been cut off due to obstacles either natural or man-made. The existence of the bridge is expected to facilitate and speed up the trip. The Brantas Bridge that connects Sukoanyar and Krembung Villages uses the warren bridge type, in this analysis a modification is made using a parking type bridge. The modification of the bridge shows that the warren type has a displacement joint of 0.80 cm with a total weight of 2861.475 kN while the parker type has a displacement joint of 29.34 cm with a total weight of 3190.945 kN. In this research, the modified type of warren is suitable for use because it is stronger and more economical than the type of parker.
The Interaction between Linguistics and Computational Linguistics
Authors: Baldwin Timothy , Kordoni Valia
Published: August 2021

Our purpose in this special issue is partly to reflect on the status quo and, in the process, identify potential areas where greater crossover between the fields of linguistics and computational linguistics can and perhaps should occur. It is also, however, to highlight sub-areas of computational linguistics where that crossover is happening, and can be seen to have enhanced the linguistic and computational linguistic impact of the research.
Romantics and Revolutionaries
Authors: Steedman Mark
Published: August 2021

In every field in which progress beckons, romantics and revolutionaries find themselves in an uneasy alliance. The role of the romantics is to define the often unattainable goal. That of the revolutionaries is to advance towards it. Each needs the other, and constantly fears they are forsaken. Sometimes they are right.

Theoretical linguists are the romantics of our field: They seek to understand language for its own sake, intuitively, and on its own terms. Computational linguists are the revolutionaries: They want to make things work better. How are they getting along, these days?
Treebanks: Linking Linguistic Theory to Computational Linguistics
Authors: Frank Anette , Zaenen Annie , Hinrichs Erhard
Published: August 2021

Treebanks are language resources that provide annotations at various levels of linguistic structure starting from the word level. They typically provide syntactic constituent or dependency structures for sentences, but increasingly extend to annotation beyond syntactic structure, including semantic, pragmatic and rhetorical annotation, or go beyond a single language, as in parallel treebanks.

Experience in building treebanks has shown that there is a close relation between formal linguistic theory and the design and practice of annotation. With increasing complexity of annotations, the design of annotation schemes becomes more and more theory-dependent. At the same time, linguistically motivated treebank annotations have become crucially important for the development of data-driven approaches to natural language processing and for linguistic research in general.

Treebanks therefore constitute an important link between linguistic theory and computational linguistics.

The International Workshop on Treebanks and Linguistic Theories provides a forum for researchers working on treebanks from both perspectives. The present volume presents the contents of the 10th edition of this workshop series, held in 2012 at the University of Heidelberg.
Analyzing Parser Errors
Authors: Husain Samar , Agrawal Bhasha
Published: August 2021

We present a detailed error analysis of a transition-based dependency parser trained on a Hindi dependency treebank. Parser error analysis has not been systematically examined from the point of view of treebanking before and this work intends to contribute in this area.

We address two main questions in this paper:

Can the parsing of certain structures be made easier by using alternative analyses for these structures?

Are there certain linguistic cues implicit (or missing) in the current treebank that can be made explicit (or added) in order to make the parsing of complex constructions easier?

These questions will guide us in examining the potential benefits of parser error analysis during treebanking. Through our experiments and analysis we were able to shed light on the causes of errors and subsequently have been able to improve the performance of the parser.
Husband Support Correlates with Maternal Anxiety Levels During Pregnancy in The Third Trimester
Authors: Abidah Siska Nurul , Dwi Anggraini Fritria , Nisa' Fauziyatun , Nuriyana Mierda , Halwa Rahimah
Published: September 2021

Husband support reduces psychosocial stress on pregnant mothers before delivery. However, many people do not comprehend how essential husband support is for psychology in pregnant women. This study investigates the correlation between husband support and maternal anxiety levels during pregnancy in the third trimester. It was a correlational analysis using a cross-sectional approach. The population was pregnant mothers in the third trimester from May to July 2020 at Jagir Public Health Center, Surabaya. Meanwhile, the samples were 40 pregnant mothers in the third trimester with consecutive sampling. In addition. the independent variable was husband support, and the dependent variable was maternal anxiety levels. The instrument to measure husband support was a Likert scale questionnaire, and to assess maternal anxiety levels was Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS). The analysis utilized the Rank's Spearman test with a significant p<0.05. The results showed a correlation between husband support and maternal anxiety levels with p=0.000 (p<0.05). In conclusion, husband support significantly reduces maternal anxiety levels during pregnancy in the third trimester.
The Correlation Between Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infections in Pregnancy and Low Birth Weight Infants
Authors: Shodikin Muhammad Ali , Kusumastuti Inke , Nur Indasyah Wahidah
Published: September 2021

Background: The prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection in pregnancy were increase in developing countries. The existence of infection interferes with the absorption of nutrients due to accumulation of inflammatory cells in the placenta can cause the infant born with low birth weight.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation of HIV infections in pregnancy and low birth weight infant.

Methods: This research used an observational analytic design with a retrospective approach. The samples were positive and negative HIV mother with their infants that hospitalized at dr. Soebandi Hospital, Jember, from August 2014 - July 2017. The data were analysed by Fisher's Exact.

Results: This study was found 52 positive HIV mother with their infants and 52 negative HIV mother with their infants. Nine from 52 infants (17.3%) who born from positive HIV mother were low birth weight. Only 3 from 52 infants (5.8%) who born from negative HIV mother were low birth weight. Data analysis using Fisher’s Exact was obtained p value = 0.06.

Conclusion: There was no significant correlation of HIV infections in pregnancy and low birth weight infant.
Study of Congenital Malformation in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Sahoo Swaranjika , Ganguly Ria , Dash Mrutunjay , Pradhan Antaryami , Priya Thambi Gayathri , Mohanty Mamata Devi
Published: August 2021

Objective: Congenital anomaly is one of the most important causes & being the 5th most common cause of neonatal mortality & morbidity. It may present as a structural or functional abnormality. These defects occur due to defective embryogenesis. Associated factors may be maternal age, maternal TORCH infection, drugs, genetic factors. Antenatal USG reduces the incidence.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was done in the Pediatric department over 1 year. Diagnosis of all congenital anomalies was done by the concerned pediatrician& pediatric surgeon. Data was collected in the specified format.Results: A total of 10205 cases of age group 1 month to 5 years presented to the paediatric OPD, out of which 193 children were diagnosed as congenital anomalies in 1 year. Males were found to be affected the most. The most common system involved was found to be the genitourinary system (36.78%). The second most common system involved was the gastrointestinal system (33.67%). The least common system involved was the musculoskeletal system.Conclusion: Congenital anomalies are a major cause of neonatal & infantile mortality & morbidity. Routine screening with a level II targeted scan for all the pregnant mothers should be mandatory. Adequate nutrition, parental education & Rubella vaccination of the mother can decrease the prevalence of congenital anomalies to some extend.
'TEACHING TO THE HALO-EFFECT': SOCIAL JUSTICE ISSUES AMONG TRAINEE-TEACHERS AT ONE TEACHER TRAINING INSTITUTION IN JAMAICA
Authors: Miller Paul , Roofe Carmel G.
Published: August 2021

Social Justice themes have dominated education discourses over the decade of the 2000s with ideas ranging from equality in terms of gender, access to resources, teacher quality and the quality of students. These debates are not easily resolved and whereas concerns from policy makers and teacher-educators were often spotlighted, the opinions of teacher-trainees themselves were more or less absent from the discourse. This research sought to find out the views of teacher-trainees about their training experiences and how their interpretations of these experiences lead them to feel and act. This exploratory study therefore was conducted by collecting data from 41 third year teacher-trainees enrolled in a four year teacher training programme in Jamaica. Data was collected through two focus group interviews which were transcribed, sorted, coded and themes identified. The study was framed in the context of Rotter’s Locus of Control (1966) and Bourdieu’s (1977) Institutional Habitus. The main findings reveal that local students feel international students are treated more favourably; adequate learning resources are not always available (for labs especially) and some students are believed to be disadvantaged by lecturers because of how they speak and how they carry themselves (physical appearance). The researchers conclude that these are social justice issues that must be resolved to ensure a system that is built on the values of enabling rather than constraining. Key words: favouritism, exclusion, trainee-teachers, social justice, teaching quality.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs induced acute kidney injury: incidence, clinical presentation, management and outcomes of patients at Tertiary Hospital based longitudinal study in Mymensingh, Bangladesh
Authors: Sattar Shamima , Hasan Mahmud Javed , Ray Nitai Chandra , Quddus ASM Ruhul
Published: September 2021

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly prescribed in primary care for their analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. Twelve percent of individuals currently report taking a NSAID daily. Renal injury caused by these agents can present in various forms, resulting from either acute or chronic use. Historically approximately five percent of patients initiated on NSAIDs experience a kidney-related adverse event. Drug-induced renal injury accounts for twenty percent of episodes of acute kidney injury (AKI). Patients requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) have experienced an increased length of stay with associated healthcare costs per incident. The adverse effects of NSAIDs contribute to a significant economic burden, both to the patient and to the healthcare system.This study of NSAIDs induced AKI was carried out to highlight this issue. To find out the incidence, risk factors, diagnostic approach, clinical course, management and outcome of patients, this longitudinal study was carried out at Nephrology Department in Community Based Medical College Hospital Bangladesh from July 2015 to June 2016.Total 65 patients of NSAIDs induced AKI were included in this study. Any patient having pre existing renal pathology or chronic kidney disease was excluded from the study. Mean age of the patient was 36±7.12 yrs. Forty nine patients (74.38%) took NSAIDs at their own and 16 patients (24.61%) were prescribed by physician. Fifty six patients (86.15%) took NSAIDs because of musculoskeletal pain. Dehydration due to physical exertion (29.23%) gastroenteritis (16.92%) and nil per os (NPO) (6.15%)were the common predisposing factors. Common symptoms were swelling of the body (36.9%) headache (26.15%) fatigue (21.53%) and vomiting (13.84%) Oedema was the most common sign (36.9%) Blood urea and serum creatinine were raised in all patients. Treatment includes drug withdrawal (100%), fluid resuscitation (83.07%) fluid restriction (13.85%) short course of steroid (15.38%) and haemodialysis (10.76%) . Fifty one patients (78.46%) had complete recovery within two weeks of therapy whereas ten patients (15.38%) required more than two weeks to one month for complete recovery. Three patients (4.61%) developed chronic kidney disease (CKD). NSAIDs induced AKI carries a good prognosis with early diagnosis and proper management and it can be prevented by limiting the availability of over the counter drugs and creating awareness both in physicians and patients. These medications should be prescribed for the shortest duration, the lowest effective dose, and with careful surveillance to monitor nephrotoxicity precisely. NSAIDs should be used with special caution in elderly patients.

CBMJ 2018 July: Vol. 07 No. 02 P: 09-16
Sanitation status of a rural area of Mymensingh
Authors: Hasan AHM , Alam Fakir Sameul , Hossain Md Tufael , Begum Maksuda
Published: September 2021

In Bangladesh majority of people live in rural area. Sanitation is important for health promotion, and disease prevention. To know sanitary condition of rural people of Mymensingh, a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted and the sampling technique was purposive. Data were collected on a pre-designed questionnaire by direct interviewing the respondents. Sanitation status was assessed by scoring on selected components of personal hygiene and environmental sanitation. Data analysis was done by SPSS version 20. A total of 514 villagers (202 male, 312 female) participated in the study. Age of respondents ranged from 10 years to 75 years; mean age was 36.23 years with a standard deviation of ±13.736 years. Females were mostly housewives (92%), males were mostly farmers (37%). Among respondents 96% had own house, 58% had cultivable land and 26% were poor. Sanitation in this study included personal hygiene and environmental sanitation. Scoring was done based on correct response on selected items of personal hygiene and environmental sanitation (80% and more: excellent, 60 to 79 percent: good, below 60 percent: bad). Personal hygiene practices included were daily bathing, hand washing with soap and water in relevant occasions, washing vegetables, fruits, covering cooked and served food. About 95% had excellent score on personal hygiene. This excellent score was more observed among respondents with increasing age, female sex, service holders, housewives and better socioeconomic condition. Environmental sanitation included safe water supply, sanitary latrine, good house, no animal in house and if present kept in cattle shed in safe distance, hygienic disposal of animal excreta and refuse. 95% had safe water supply, 75% had water seal latrine, 44% had good house and 26% had no animals. Those who kept animals only 23% kept them in cattle shed in safe distance. Hygienic disposal of animal excreta and refuse were 25% and 43.4% respectively. Environmental sanitation based on safe water supply and water seal latrine was excellent and good respectively but based on other 4 components the status was not satisfactory. Despite hardship,sanitary conditions were better thanthe results of other studies in Bangladesh and in other developing countries. Hygiene practices were praiseworthy. Improvement of socioeconomic condition and continuous health education will further improve the situation.

CBMJ 2018 July: Vol. 07 No. 02 P: 34-41
Clinicopathological Study on Cutaneous Vasculitis
Authors: Siraj Md Shajahan , Rahman Mohammad Maksudur , Karim ATM Rezaul , Wahab Md Abdul
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Cutaneous vasculitis is an inflammatory process directed primarily at vessels which results in the destruction of the vessel walls leading to hemorrhage, ischemia, and/or infarction. Cutaneous involvement in cutaneous vasculitis may be primary or reflector of a systemic disease.
Aim: To find out the aetiology and clinicopathologic features of cutaneous vasculitis in Chattogram costal area.
Methods: A total of 50 patients diagnosed clinically and confirmed histologically as cutaneous vasculitis were selected for this descriptive cross-sectional study from March 2016 to August 2017. Detailed history, clinical examination and the baseline investigations along with special tests such as Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) profile, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies (ANCA) and Antistreptolysin O (ASO) titer were conducted in all patients.
Results: Out of 50 cases, 20% of the patients had (Henoch-Schonlein purpura) HSP and 10% had Urticarial vasculitis (UV), collagen vascular disease associated vasculitis were present in 2%, Cutaneous polyarteritisnodosa (C-PAN), eosinophilic vasculitis and nodular vasculitis were present in 4% of the patients each. Rests of the patients (54%) were designated as idiopathic cutaneous small vessels vasculitis (SVV). The commonest lesion was palpable purpura. Infection was the commonest cause of cutaneous vasculitis for about 22%, followed by drugs (20%), malignancy (2%) and connective tissue disease (2%). Two patients with HSP had positive ANCA, 3 without any overt manifestations and 1 with systemic sclerosis. Histologically Leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV) was the commonnest pattern (72%), lymphocytic in 20%, granulomatous in 4% and eosinophilic vasculitis in 4% of patients.
Conclusion: Cutaneous SVV is the commonest form of vasculitis. The heterogenecity of this group of disorders is well represented in this study. To reach an etiological diagnosis of vasculitis, clinical and pathological features need to be correlated and supplemented by laboratory investigations.
JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 15, No 1 (June) 2020: 61-64
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) Associated with Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) Infection: A Report on Two Cases
Authors: Fatema Begum Nurun Nahar , Amin Abdullah Al , Begum Maksuda , Rahman Sarker Md Ferdousur , Bhuiyan Nazmul Islam , Khan Ashfaque Ahmmed , Chowdhury Sayla , Ferdous Jannatul
Published: September 2021

We report two critically ill children (aged 5–8 years), presented with features of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) from January 1 to February 2, 2021 at a tertiary-care center (Combined Military Hospital) in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Both of the previously healthy children tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections. Clinical presentations were similar in both with fever, gastrointestinal complaints, respiratory distress, rash, headache and myalgia. Laboratory values were high levels of C-reactive protein, D-dimers, B-type natriuretic peptide (Pro-BNP), troponin I and low albumin levels in both patients. Evaluations for other infectious diseases werenegative. Both the patients were critically ill, requiring admission to the pediatric intensive care unit (P-ICU) due to circulatory shock and needed inotropes. One of the patients had respiratory failure and required mechanical ventilation. Both patients received steroids, Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG), Remdesivir, Tocilizumab. MIS-C is a recently recognized pediatric illness spectrum in association with SARS-CoV-2 infection. As for manifestations of COVID-19 infection and its consequences in children is myriad and knowledge about MIS-C is evolving, reporting is essential for better understanding of clinical clues of MIS-C and finding out a panacea through experience sharing.
JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 15, No 1 (June) 2020: 76-79
Relación entre anemia ferropénica y metales pesados o parásitos en adolescentes que consumen agua subterránea
Authors: Bustinza-Salas Daisy Rossy
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre anemia ferropénica y la presencia de metales pesados o parásitos en adolescentes que consumen agua subterránea en la ciudad de Juliaca, Puno. Material y métodos: Estudio prospectivo y analítico. Se analizó la concentración de arsénico y aluminio en agua subterránea por espectrofotometría por emisión óptica en 24 muestras, la concentración de arsénico y aluminio en orina por espectrofotometría de masas acoplado en plasma inductivo en 24 muestras; presencia o ausencia de Giardia lamblia y Entamoeba histolytica en análisis parasitológicos directos en 24 muestras de agua subterránea; exámenes hematológicos de hemoglobina, hematocrito y constantes corpusculares en 92 adolescentes residentes de la Urbanización Taparachi, durante el año 2019. Resultados: Se encontró niveles permisibles de arsénico en agua subterránea, se encontró niveles de hemoglobina, hematocrito y constantes corpusculares dentro de los valores de referencia considerados como normales en los adolescentes. Sin embargo, se encontró niveles de arsénico por encima de los valores aceptables en orina de los adolescentes, estos valores encontrados son por un tipo de arsénico orgánico o los adolescentes están siendo tolerantes a niveles muy bajos de arsénico inorgánico siendo permisibles en agua subterránea. Se encontraron niveles aceptables de aluminio en orina en los adolescentes, mientras que los valores no permisibles de aluminio en agua subterránea son por cualquier otra causa externa. Se demostró que no existe presencia de Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica en agua subterránea. Conclusión: No existe relación entre anemia ferropénica y consumo de agua subterránea en adolescentes.
Pembekalan Explainer Video bagi Siswa dalam Menghadapi Era Revolusi Industri 4.0
Authors: Handoko Handoko , Angela Angela , Gunawan Gunawan
Published: September 2021

Abstract: The 4.0 Industrial Revolution is marked by rapid advances and technological changes in various fields, including education. To welcome the era of the 4.0 Industrial Revolution, learning curriculum in schools must follow the technological advancement. Teachers generally provide group assignments to be presented by students. The main obstacle faced is that students are less capable to create and deliver presentation content. Therefore, it is necessary to provide insight about presentation ability and the use of technology to make presentations. The activity began by compiling a training module on using Explaindio Video Creator to make explainer video. Training is provided in the form of tutorials and workshops, so students can directly practice the material being discussed. Before and after the training, pre-test and post-test was conducted to test the students' understanding of the presentation using an explainer video. The results found that the average participants before attending this training did not understand the presentation technique and did not know about the presentation assisted by explainer video. After attending the training, the average participants have already understood the presentation techniques and already known about the presentation assisted by explainer video and made it on their own.           Keywords: explainer video; industrial revolution; presentationAbstrak: Revolusi Industri 4.0 ditandai dengan kemajuan dan perubahan teknologi yang pesat di berbagai bidang, tidak terkecuali bidang pendidikan. Untuk menyongsong era Revolusi Industri 4.0, kurikulum pembelajaran di sekolah harus mengikuti kemajuan teknologi. Guru mata pelajaran umumnya memberikan tugas kelompok untuk dipresentasikan oleh siswa-siswi. Kendala utama yang dihadapi adalah siswa-siswi kurang mampu membuat dan menyampaikan konten presentasi. Karena itu, perlu adanya pemberian wawasan terkait kemampuan presentasi dan pemanfaatan teknologi untuk melakukan presentasi. Kegiatan dimulai dengan menyusun modul pelatihan mengenai penggunaan Explaindio Video Creator untuk mengembangkan explainer video. Pelatihan diberikan dalam bentuk tutorial dan workshop, sehingga siswa-siswi bisa mempraktikkan secara langsung materi yang dibahas. Sebelum dan sesudah pelatihan, dilakukan pre-test dan post-test untuk menguji pemahaman siswa-siswi terkait presentasi dengan menggunakan explainer video. Hasilnya ditemukan bahwa rata-rata peserta sebelum mengikuti pelatihan ini belum memahami tentang teknik presentasi serta belum mengetahui tentang bantuan presentasi dengan menggunakan explainer video. Setelah mengikuti pelatihan, rata-rata peserta sudah dapat memahami tentang teknik presentasi serta sudah mengetahui tentang bantuan presentasi dengan menggunakan explainer video dan sudah dapat membuatnya.Kata kunci: explainer video; presentasi; revolusi industri
A case report of caesarean scar endometriosis
Authors: Tingi Efterpi
Published: September 2021

Although it is uncommon, extrapelvic endometriosis can form a discrete mass known as an abdominal wall endometrioma. The incidence of abdominal wall endometriomas has been estimated to be 0.03% to 0.15% of all cases of endometriosis. We report a case of scar endometriosis in Pfannesteil scar in a 31 year old woman, who presented six years following an emergency Caesarean Section, complaining of some lumps on her incision scar. The patient underwent laparotomy followed by the excision of five endometriotic nodules.
Biodiversity Assessment of Chironomids (Diptera: Chironomidae) in Rajsamand Lake (Rajsamand, Rajasthan, India)
Authors: Gyata Prajapat , Deepak Rawal
Published: September 2021

Present study was performed for taxonomic identification, assemblage, richness, spatial distribution and
abundance analysis of chironomid larvae in the benthic and lentic shoreline habitat of Rajsamand Lake, India.
Chironomids play an important role in shallow water aquatic ecosystems, so this study will give an idea about
ecology of this area. Topographical and environmental factors are strongly correlated with the composition of
chironomid communities. No information is available regarding these organisms in this defined area, so this study
would provide data for comparison with chironomid community present in nearby and other ar ea, where study on
chironomids is already done or will be done. This study on chironomids was conducted for the first time in
Rajsamand Lake, India. Specimens were collected at seven sampling sites along shoreline of the Lake. A total of four
genera (viz. Chironomus, Cryptochironomus, Einfeldia and Polypedilum) were reported. Polypedilum was the most
dominant genus reported followed by Chironomus, Einfeldia and Cryptochironomus. Genus Cryptochironomus was
reported for the first time in Rajasthan.