bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATORS BASED ON A PRACTICE-ORIENTED APPROACH
Authors: Ibragimova G , Sattibayeva R
Published: December 2024

Мақала мектепке дейінгі ұйымдар педагогтерінің біліктілігін практикаға бағдарланған тәсіл негізінде арттыру мәселелеріне арналған. Бұл жұмыста «Өрлеу» біліктілікті арттыру ұлттық орталығы әзірлеген үздіксіз кәсіби даму моделі ұсынылған.
Модель теория мен практиканы ықпалдастыруға, заманауи андрагогиялық әдістерді пайдалануға және коллаборативті білім беру ортасын құруға негізделген. Зерттеу нәтижелері практикаға бағдарланған бағдарламаның педагогтердің кәсіби құзыреттерінің айтарлықтай өсуіне, олардың қазіргі заманғы мектепке дейінгі педагогика міндеттерін шешуге дайындығына ықпал ететінін дәлелдейді.
Зерттеудің мақсаты – осы тәсілді таңдауды негіздеу, оның педагогтердің кәсіби дамуында қолданылуын талдау және олардың біліктілігін тиімді арттыруға ықпал ететін іс-әрекет түрлері мен формаларын айқындау.
Модельдің тиімділігі «Мектепке дейінгі ұйым педагогтерінің ойын құзыреттілігін дамыту» білім беру бағдарламасының үлгісінде талданған. Бағдарламаның құрылымы квазикәсіби қызметті, практикалық дайындықты, әрекеттегі зерттеуді және курстан кейінгі қолдау кезеңін қамтиды. Нәтижені бағалау үшін диагностикалық әдістер қолданылған: сауалнамалар, тестілеу және ойын құзыреттілігі деңгейін бағалау әдістері (автор – Е. И. Рзаева).
Зерттеу нәтижелерi педагогтердің кәсiби құзыреттерiнiң едәуiр артқанын, олардың қазiргi заманғы мектепке дейiнгi педагогика мiндеттерiн шешуге дайындығын көрсетедi. Басты назар рефлексияға, квазикәсіби қызметке және қалыптасқан кәсіби дағдылардың тұрақтылығына аударылған.
Мақала материалдары педагогтерге, білім беру бағдарламаларын әзірлеушілер мен зерттеушілерге, мектепке дейінгі білім беру саласында мамандар даярлауды жетілдірумен айналысатындарға пайдалы болады.
MODERN ASPECTS OF MILITARY-PATRIOTIC EDUCATION REGULATION IN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Ramashov N , Shegenbayev N , Bekbossunov A , Basynbekov K
Published: December 2024

В основе стратегического направления государственной политики Казахстана по развитию военно-патриотического воспитания молодежи лежит анализ текущих вызовов и задач, обусловленных глобальными угрозами и геополитической нестабильностью в мире. Военно-патриотическое воспитание молодежи рассматривается как инструмент укрепления гражданской идентичности, единства народа и уважения к национальным ценностям. Концептуальное видение развития военно-патриотического воспитания молодежи в республике представлено в Концепции военно-патриотического воспитания молодежи до 2030 года, принятой в 2023 году.
Целью статьи является обзор нормативных документов и определение тенденций развития военно-патриотического воспитания в стране.
Для достижения цели использовался метод экспертной оценки, включающий анализ нормативно-правовых документов, историко-педагогический и сравнительно-аналитический методы, направленные на изучение опыта военно-патриотического воспитания в Казахстане на современном этапе.
В статье авторы представили анализ развития системы военно-патриотического воспитания молодежи в Казахстане, выделив два ключевых периода: ранние годы независимости с акцентом на первые нормативные программы и современный этап, основанный на международном опыте и новых концепциях. Особое внимание уделено Концепции военно-патриотического воспитания молодежи до 2030 года.
Авторы приходят к выводу, что данная Концепция, в целом, предлагает комплексное видение развития военно-патриотического воспитания молодежи, но требует доработки в части четкой терминологии и межведомственного взаимодействия.
В заключении авторы констатируют, что военно-патриотическое воспитание молодежи в Казахстане, основанное на государственной поддержке, межведомственном взаимодействии и образовательных инновациях, стало ключевым элементом национальной стратегии, направленной на укрепление патриотического сознания, безопасности и суверенитета страны.
The End of Humanity in Herbert George Wells’ The Island of Doctor Moreau: An Unpredictable Encounter of Evolution and Posthumanism
Authors: Tahir Rana Farhan , Hadaegh Bahee
Published: December 2024

This study attempts to scrutinize Herbert George Wells’ The Island of Doctor Moreau according to Francesca Ferrando’s Posthumanism Theory (2009). It approaches vital issues and questions via the posthumanist criticism of the main character Dr. Moreau in the novel depending on the application issues of Ferrando’s theory. Wells’ The Island of Doctor Moreau (1896) presents a realistic reading of the modern debate of Posthumanism according to the moral and social world of human identity. Furthermore, this study exposes the importance of Posthumanism as an essential concept in highlighting techno-science in current studies and futuristic ones. Thus, Wells’ novel deals with the effect of biotechnology and medicine on human identity, reflected in the theory of evolution and the posthuman theory. Embodied by Ferrando’s work, the study significantly aims to stimulate a new dimension of understanding, sympathy, interconnectedness, like-mindedness, and honor all species. Such a standpoint exposes the historical and scientific technology context of the novel. On the other hand, it shows the conceptual foundations of posthumanity embedded in the delusion of Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species (1859). The novel mirrors the impossible ethics of evolution theory in addition to the common problematic sympathy for all species whether human or nonhuman.
PENERAPAN STANDAR AKUNTANSI KEUANGAN (SAK) PADA PT CAMAR ERA MANDIRI: ANALISIS KEPATUHAN DAN DAMPAKNYA
Authors: Ubaidillah Rufeiqy , Prasetyo Agus
Published: December 2024

Penerapan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan (SAK) sangat penting bagi PT Camar Era Mandiri untuk memastikan laporan keuangannya transparan, akurat, dan konsisten. Dengan mengikuti SAK, perusahaan dapat memenuhi regulasi pemerintah dan meningkatkan kredibilitas laporan keuangannya, yang pada gilirannya memberikan informasi berharga bagi manajemen dan pemangku kepentingan dalam pengambilan keputusan.
Namun PT Camar Era Mandiri menghadapi berbagai tantangan dalam penerapan SAK, seperti kurangnya pemahaman terhadap standar tersebut dan kurangnya etos kerja. Faktor internal perusahaan dan perubahan peraturan eksternal juga dapat mempengaruhi seberapa baik penerapan SAK. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan SAK dan mengidentifikasi kendala-kendala yang dihadapi.
Penerapan SAK berkontribusi terhadap efisiensi dan efektivitas pengelolaan uang serta meningkatkan kepatuhan hukum. Penyusunan laporan keuangan lebih sistematis dan dapat dianalisis dengan standar yang lebih terstruktur. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan saran praktis kepada dunia usaha dan menambah literatur mengenai penggunaan standar di Indonesia.
Lékárna telčské koleje a její správci
Authors: Holubová Markéta
Published: December 2024

Telč college pharmacy and its custodians

The study maily concerns itself wirth the staffing of the Telč pharmacy and the fates of its custodians, including the last secularized pharmacist. Having excerpted thouroughly the order documents, we may try to sum up the function of a pharmacist both in the other order posts hierarchy and from the viewpoint of a monastic institution member. Eventually, we may draw several portraits of important Telč pharmacists.
Klaudyánově mapě je 500 let
Authors: Martínek Jiří
Published: December 2024

Klaudyan’s map is 500 years old

500 years ago, in 1518, the first printed map of Bohemia was published. Its author was Mikuláš Klaudyán († cca 1521), physician and printer from Mladá Boleslav. The cca 1:618 000 scale map is rich in decoration and is not only a cartographic but also an art piece.
Dopravní trasa, zdroj obživy i strategický prvek Labe za třicetileté války
Authors: Ďurčanský Marek
Published: December 2024

The transportation route, the source of livelihood and the element of strategy

The Elbe river during the Thirty Years’ War. The aim of the study is to show, how the events of the Thirty Years’ War influenced the forms of the transport at the Elbe river and the situation of the towns on the riverside. During the war the river was intensively used for the transport of the nourishment and military material for the troops operating in the Empire; later in the 30’s and 40’s the Elbe river presented significant element of strategy, as it divided the North-Western Bohemia in two parts. The study focuses also on the problem of bridges and ferries which were used by the fighting armies for crossing of the river and with the aims of the opponents to prevent it.
Geografický ústav Německé univerzity v Praze
Authors: Martínek Jiří
Published: December 2024

The Institute of Geography of the German University in Prague

This institute was one of the research centres of geography in Prague in late nineteenth and the first half of the twentieth century. Although relatively small, employing mostly just one professor and one assistant, it left a mark on the history of geography in the Czech Lands.
Epigeneze, nástup preformismu a recepce aristotelismu v raném novověku
Authors: Liepoldová Tereza , Figura Roman
Published: December 2024

Epigenesis, the emergence of preformism and the reception of Aristotelianism in the early modern times

The paper focuses on the exploration of the development of embryo with early modern thinkers. The examples of Girolamo Fabrici d’Acquapendente and William Harvey capture the ways in which the return to Aristotelian legacy in biology influenced their thoughts about living creatures. Further, we demonstrate how this legacy was modified by authors of future generations, Marcello Malpighi and Jan Swammerdam, who opposed the tradition represented by Fabrici and Harvey and even Aristotle himself and how they themselves contributed to the emerging debate on epigenesis and preformationism.
Jak jsem odhaloval periodickou geologickou časovou tabulku
Authors: Květ Radan
Published: December 2024

How I was formulating the periodical geologial scale

In the article, the author summarizes with hindsight his journey towards the formulation of a geologic time scale, in which he gradually summarised his knowledge from various fields into a coherent result.
Microfluidic chip-based nano-carrier-based drug delivery systems and their efficacy assessment using tumor organ chips
Authors: Sun Ying , Jin Feng , Gao Dan
Published: December 2024

This mini-review explores advancements in the synthesis of nano-carrier-based drug delivery systems using microfluidic chip technology and their evaluation using tumor organ-on-a-chip models. We discuss the principles and advantages of hydrodynamic fluid focusing (HFF) and micromixer for synthesizing polymeric nano-carriers, highlighting their ability to precisely control particle size, shape, and surface properties. The functionalization of nano-carriers for targeted drug delivery is also explored, emphasizing the potential for personalized medicine. The review emphasizes the use of tumor organ-on-a-chip models for evaluating nano-carrier-based drug delivery systems, highlighting their ability to simulate physiological environments and provide dynamic and controllable evaluation platforms. This approach holds great promise for enhancing our understanding of drug behaviors and accelerating the translation of nanomedicines from bench to bedside.
Current advances in stem cell sources and therapies: a review of ongoing clinical investigations
Authors: Hyndavi Trylockya Nagumantri , Nakkina Nakkina Veera Naga Lalitha , S Naga Subrahmanyam , Panchadi Anusha , Meruva Swathi , Indu Harini Sagineedi
Published: December 2024

The ability of stem cells to self-renew and specialize into distinct cell lineages is very amazing. They have been thoroughly researched and used in regenerative and repair therapy throughout the last few decades. They can give rise to any cell in an embryo as well as extra-embryonic tissues, depending on their capacity for differentiation. Amniotic fluid, bone marrow, and-more recently discovered-menstrual blood and adipose tissue are among the tissues from which stem cells can be obtained. With the first bone marrow transplant, they played a pioneer role in medicine. Today, stem cell therapies are recommended for a variety of clinical problems, going beyond their conventional uses to treat genetic blood abnormalities, where they have demonstrated notable efficacy. New applications for stem cells include the treatment of neurological illnesses like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's as well as pain management. By regenerating injured neurons, stem cells may provide hope in situations of neurodegeneration. The clinical studies on the therapeutic effects and different sources of stem cell extraction are highlighted in this review, which lays the groundwork for further clinical research.
Comparison of Anteroposterior Vs. Axial X-rays for Assessing Bone Loss in Recurrent Shoulder Dislocation
Authors: Muhammad Shoaib  , Muhammad Nadeem  , Ahmed Mushtaq Khan  , Muhammad Nauman Iqbal  , Azhar Yasin
Published: December 2024

Background: Recurrent shoulder dislocation frequently causes the glenoid and humeral head to gradually lose bone, which decreases joint stability and raises the risk of another dislocation. Treating bone loss accurately is crucial, especially when it comes to surgical procedures. The diagnostic precision of axial and anteroposterior (AP) X-rays in identifying and measuring bone loss in patients with repeated shoulder dislocations was examined in this study. Methods: 30 individuals who experienced recurrent shoulder dislocations had axial and anteroposterior (AP) radiography. The humeral head bone loss was measured in millimeters, whereas the glenoid bone loss was expressed as a percentage of the total glenoid surface area. The images were evaluated by two separate radiologists who determined the images' sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for both modalities. The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) was utilized to assess inter-observer reliability, and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was employed to assess overall diagnostic performance. Results: The sensitivity of axial X-rays was found to be much higher (85%) than that of AP X-rays (70%; p < 0.05). Additionally, axial X-rays demonstrated higher accuracy (83% vs.68%) and specificity (80% vs. 65%). Using Axial X-rays, the mean glenoid bone loss was 16.5%, whereas using AP X-rays, it was 14.2%. For axial X-rays, the humeral head bone loss was 5.6 mm, but for AP X-rays, it was 4.8 mm. Compared to AP X-rays, the ICC for inter-observer reliability was greater for axial X-rays (0.88 and 0.85). Axial X-rays performed better diagnostically than AP X-rays (AUC = 0.71), according to ROC analysis. However, Gold standard investigation for bone loss in recurrent sholder dislocation is always a CT scan. Conclusion: When it comes to identifying and measuring bone loss in repeated shoulder dislocations, axial X-rays provide better diagnostic accuracy than AP X-rays, which is why they are the preferred imaging modality for preoperative evaluation.
Association of Forward Head Posture and Hand Grip Strength Among Mobile Users
Authors: Namra Riaz  , Warda Saeed  , Sehar Nouman  , Kiran Haq  , Naseebullah Sheikh  , Shumaila Batool  , Noor Ul Eman
Published: December 2024

Objective: To determine the association between forward head posture (FHP) and hand grip strength among smartphone users. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 130 participants aged 18-30 years. Non-probability purposive sampling was used. Demographics (age, gender, daily smartphone usage) were recorded. Forward head posture was assessed using the craniovertebral angle (CVA) measured with a goniometer. Hand grip strength was evaluated using a handheld dynamometer with participants seated, the elbow flexed at 90°, and the forearm in neutral position. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relationship between CVA and grip strength in SPSS version 25, with a p-value <0.05 considered significant. Results: The mean age of participants was 24.02±3.5424.02±3.54 years, with an average smartphone usage of 8.47±1.708.47±1.70 hours. The mean CVA was 36.92±2.8636.92±2.86 degrees, and the mean hand grip strength was 22.07±6.6622.07±6.66 kg. A significant positive correlation was found between CVA and hand grip strength (r=0.459, p=0.01r=0.459, p=0.01). Subgroup analysis showed stronger correlation in males (r=0.482r=0.482) than females (r=0.443r=0.443). Conclusion: FHP significantly affects hand grip strength, with prolonged smartphone use being a major contributor. Ergonomic interventions are needed to reduce musculoskeletal risks.
Analysis of The Implementation of The Project Based Learning Model on Students' Learning Motivation in The Use of Technology
Authors: Syahrul Amrin  , Ali Sadikin Ritonga
Published: December 2024

This research explores the effectiveness of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model integrated with technology in enhancing student learning motivation. PBL is an instructional approach that places students at the center of the learning process, where they are confronted with real problems that require solutions. In this study, qualitative methods were used to analyze descriptive data in the form of oral and written information as well as observed behavior. The research results show that the integration of technology in PBL provides various significant benefits. Technology enables broad and rapid access to information, making learning more interactive and engaging, as well as facilitating effective collaboration and communication. Additionally, technology allows for quick and personalized feedback, self-directed learning, and individual adjustments according to students' pace and learning styles. The use of gamification elements in learning has also been proven to enhance students' intrinsic motivation. Overall, the integration of technology in Project-Based Learning (PBL) has a positive impact on students' learning motivation, as well as improving critical, creative, and collaborative thinking skills. This research emphasizes that the effectiveness of technology as a supportive tool greatly depends on its use in the appropriate and directed learning context. This finding highlights the importance of implementing PBL integrated with technology to enhance the quality of education in the digital age, as well as to prepare students with the 21st-century skills needed to face global challenges.
Psicología del Deporte y Desarrollo del Estudiante
Authors: Natali Estefania Bohorquez German , Jordy Abel Correa Burgos , Nelly Yolanda Criollo Jácome , Anibal Alexis Prias Villena
Published: December 2024

La psicología del deporte ha sido definida desde diversas perspectivas debido a la amplitud de su campo. Según Weinberg y Gould (2019), la psicología del deporte se centra en “el estudio científico de las personas y su comportamiento en contextos deportivos y de ejercicio, así como la aplicación práctica de ese conocimiento para mejorar el rendimiento y el bienestar de los atletas”. Esta definición subraya el enfoque tanto científico como aplicado, donde la mejora del rendimiento físico y el bienestar mental son las prioridades.
Reading Socio-cultural Contexts Through Photography; the Case of Women Photos, Taken in Early Republican Era of İzmir
Authors: YURT Canberk , TÜRKMEN Doruk , GÜNDURU Beliz , DESTİCİ Orkun , AŞICI Burçin
Published: December 2024

Individuals reflect the socio-cultural, economic and political changes in their society with their appearances, like a mirror. From the late Ottoman period, through the proclamation of the Republic, several modernization steps have
taken place in Turkish society. During that period, photography has taken a crucial role in society, both as a profession and social innovation instrument, by being a representative of the societal changes. Through that, regulations
such as Dress Reform and Women’s Suffrage Code, and western fashion have influenced women’s image and re-defined their roles in modern Turkish society. These reforms provided more self-confıdence and freedom to modern Turkish women.
By that, the way women express themselves via photographs has been changed. This study aims to analyze the socio-cultural contexts, from the perspective of 5 randomly selected women photographs from Ipek Cabadak’s private collection,
which is named ‘Photographs Entrusted to the Future’. As a research method, iconographic visual analysis has been conducted, by considering social, historical and cultural incidents at that era, with the guidance of İpek Cabadak.
Visual analysis of the selected photographs has been made based on some fashion clues, pre-iconographic data and historical facts from the early republic period. The analysis provides useful information about the roles and positions
of Turkish women, their interactions and positionings among the society, in order to define the time and place that photographs have been taken and links between socio-cultural incidents. According to this study, photography can
be considered a beneficial and efficient tool for visual analysis in historic socio-cultural studies.
Local Flaps for Reconstruction of Retromolar Trigone Defects: A Literature Review
Authors: Iyer G Abhishek , Kumar V Raj , Yadav Priya , Murthy Narasimha HP , Gupta Sohini
Published: December 2024

Restoring the soft and hard tissue continuity following mandibular resection due to various causes is one of the most demanding aspects of head and neck reconstructive surgery. A vascularised flap does not always suffice for restoration, especially in the region of the Retromolar Trigone (RMT). This highlights the versatility of local flaps in restoring the RMT. The article aims to collect and evaluate data to present salient notes on various local flaps in terms of their features, techniques for flap elevation, reviews of studies, and the advantages and disadvantages to assist clinicians in choosing a viable flap for RMT reconstruction. In the pursuit of restoring the RMT, small and medium-sized defects can benefit from local flaps such as the Buccinator flap, Masseter flap, Facial Artery Myomuscular Flap (FAMM), tongue flap, palatal flap, and Buccal Fat Pad (BFP) or Bichat’s flap. Being in close proximity to the RMT, these local flaps offer a broad range of productivity and richness comparable to vascularised free flaps. The wide applicability and adaptability of local flaps make them an excellent choice for oral and maxillofacial surgeons, facilitating functional and aesthetic restorations with a high success rate.
Screening of Pearl Millet Hybrids, Parents and their Performance in Hybrids against Blast Disease under Field Conditions
Authors: Moghariya A. A. , Parmar S. K. , Chaudhari R. J. , Patoliya B. V. , Mungra K. D. , Patel J. K. , Bhatiya B. D.
Published: December 2024

In pearl millet, incidence of blast disease caused by Pyricularia grisea Sacc., has increased at a considerable rate in the recent past, especially on the commercial hybrids in various Pearl millet growing states of India. The experimental material comprised of five female lines, ten male (restorer) lines of pearl millet, their 50 hybrids developed by line × tester design and one standard check hybrid (GHB 1231). They were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications at Main Pearl Millet Research Station, J.A.U., Jamnagar during kharif 2023 for field screening of foliar blast disease. Among the total hybrids, 19 hybrids were found to be highly resistant, one was hybrid found resistant, 10 were hybrids found moderately resistant, 20 hybrids were found susceptible and none of the hybrid was found highly susceptible to blast. Crosses reveal that female parent decides blast reaction of their hybrids. Among the parents JMSA5 20212 is highly resistant against the foliar blast disease as well as high per se performance and good general combiner for all the characters
Gender Inequality, Intersectionality, Human Trafficking and Development: An Explorative-Analytical Perspective on Bangladesh
Authors: Zafarullah Habib , Swarna Jannatul Ferdous
Published: December 2024

The article delves into the intricate link between gender inequality, human trafficking, and development in Bangladesh. It reveals that women, particularly those in underprivileged areas, are disproportionately affected by patriarchal norms, economic inequalities, and inadequate legal systems. Drawing from the theoretical literature, the study suggests that conventional development strategies often overlook these structural inequalities, disproportionately affecting women. It also highlights how commodification of labor, deregulation, and market-oriented policies can exacerbate gender inequalities, increasing women's vulnerability to exploitation. The article calls for a comprehensive strategy to address these systemic issues, advocating for substantial investments in education, healthcare, social protection, and legislative reform. It also underscores the importance of collaboration between governments, civil society organizations, and local communities in combating trafficking and raising awareness. The article provides policymakers and stakeholders with significant insights and recommendations to accomplish Sustainable Development Goal-5 of gender equality and empower all women and girls. By highlighting the complicated relationship between gender inequality, trafficking, and development, it emphasizes the necessity for gender-sensitive policies and initiatives to address women’s vulnerability and their exploitation. An intersectional approach, integrating multiple sectors, can create comprehensive policies and actions to prevent trafficking, empower women, and promote inclusive, sustainable development to attain the targets of Sustainable Development Goal-5.
Geospatial Analysis of Land Use and Land Cover Dynamics Using Landsat Data: A Case Study of Ferozpore Nallah Watershed in Kashmir Valley
Authors: Mohan Deepasri , Lone Farooq Ahmad , Bhat Javeed Iqbal Ahmad , Bangroo Shabir Ahmad , Murtaza Imtiyaz , Nedumaran Sethupathi , Aijaz Areeba , Rose Helen Mary
Published: December 2024

Findings of LULC change detection are important for understanding the influence and impacts of natural and anthropogenic activities on the watershed resource management. The present study utilizes the Remote Sensing (RS) & Geographic Information System (GIS) technology to categorize and identify changes in the Ferozpore nallah watershed in district Baramulla of Kashmir valley in India from 2001 to 2021. Supervised classification with maximum likelihood approach was employed to classify and generate the LULC maps. High-resolution Google Earth Pro historical images were used to evaluate the accuracy of the classified maps and were validated using overall accuracy and Kappa statistics. Nine LULC classes (agriculture, horticulture, forest, built-up, barren land, marshes, waterbodies, pastures and scrubs) were mapped from the Landsat imagery obtained for the period 2001 and 2021. The findings of change detection analysis shows that the area under agriculture, forest and marshes decreased by 18.77%, 1.79% and 5.48%, respectively from 2001 to 2021. Whereas, area under horticulture, built-up, barren land, waterbodies, pastures and scrubs increased by 19%, 4.22%, 1.24%, 0.60%, 0.31% and 0.67%, respectively at the same time. The overall accuracy of the classified maps was 88.89% for 2001 and 94.44% for 2021 while the kappa co-efficient was 0.87 and 0.94 for 2001 and 2021, respectively. The results of this study provide data to the planners and policy makers in understanding the Land Use and Land cover scenario and insights towards formulating policies for an effective and eco-friendly natural resource management and sustainable land use in the watershed region.
Status of Anthracnose Disease Caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum in Major Mungbean Growing Area of Rajasthan, India
Authors: Choudhary Sunita , Bagri Rajesh Kumar , Mishra Bhavya , Sharma Ridhi Sankar , Yadav Pinki Devi
Published: December 2024

Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum is one of the most important diseases in the mungbean. A roving survey to assess the intensity of anthrcnose of mungbean was carried out at 60 locations comprising five districts of Rajasthan state during the Kharif season of 2022-23. The most extreme disease frequency was seen in plants at the flowering and podding stages. The overall mean disease intensity was observed to be 22.60%. Among the five districts, the lowest anthracnose intensity was noticed in Sikar (17.88%) followed by Nagaur (18.90%), while the highest anthracnose intensity was recorded in Jaipur district (28.93%) followed by Ajmer (24.64%) and Tonk (22.65%).
Design and Implementation of a Battery Temperature Display System Built on the MC9S12XS128 Platform
Authors: Kou Xiangyang
Published: December 2024

With the rapid development of society, people's awareness of environmental protection is becoming stronger and stronger. Due to the greater demand for energy, new energy has become the object of attention. Now electric energy is widely used in all aspects of people's production and life. As a kind of device to store electric energy, battery has been paid more and more attention. How to extend the battery life and ensure the normal and stable operation of the battery has become the focus of research. This design carries on the analysis to the battery, uses the MC9S12XS128 single chip microcomputer. The hardware design and software design of the single-chip microcomputer complete the collection and display of the battery temperature parameters, so as to grasp the performance parameters of the battery, After debugging the display system, the results show that the battery temperature display system can display the temperature status in real time, meeting the working requirements. The system can intuitively understand and master the working status of the battery. So that the battery can work safely and stably.
Evaluating the Antibacterial Potential of Commercial Herbal Mixtures against Clinical Isolate of Salmonella typhi: An In-vitro Experimental Analysis
Authors: Awuah Isaac Baffour , Bardoe Dennis , Wepia Nelson Danyomah , Yar Denis Dekugmen , Hayford Daniel , Bio Robert Bagngmen , Ofosu Simms , Eng Collins Saanle , Kantanka Osei-Sarfo , Ahiaka George , Oppong Francisca Serwaa , Azupero James , Acheampong Paul
Published: December 2024

Background: Typhoid fever incidence has continuously increased, particularly in developing countries. As a result, there has been an influx of preference for herbal remedies to meet the growing demand. However, the increasing demand for these herbal preparations has created room for false claims.
Aim: This study investigated the in vitro activity of commercial herbal mixtures against a clinical isolate of S. typhi.
Study Design: The study employed an experimental design to evaluate the vitro activity of four commercial herbal mixtures against a clinical isolate of S. typhi.
Methods: Four herbal mixtures (IBA-ENTR5, DB-TYFO222, DY-PHB, and BIA-TABH) were screened for phytochemical and antimicrobial activity. Screening and identification of bioactive secondary metabolites were performed using standard procedures. The antimicrobial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were determined using the agar well diffusion and dilution method.
Results: Based on photochemical screening, apart from the absence of glycosides in IBA-ENTR5, all other phytochemicals were present in the herbal mixtures. The highest activity per agar well diffusion was observed for IBA-ENTR5, followed by DB-TYFO222, DY-PHB, and BIA-TABH. The minimum inhibitory concentration values ranged from 150 to 250 mg/L, with IBA-ENTR5 and DY-PHB possessing 150 mg/L, DB-TYFO222 possessing 200 mg/L, and BIA-TABH possessing 250 mg/L. Compared with the positive control IAG-CPRO, only IBA-ENTR exhibited a higher inhibition zone.
Conclusion: This study revealed that herbal mixtures contain rich phytochemical constituents. The results also confirmed that the antimicrobial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration of the herbal mixtures were concentration-dependent. That is, the herbal mixtures sampled provided good results when their concentrations were increased. In conclusion, herbal mixtures in open Ghanaian markets may provide good antimicrobial efficacy.
The Effect of Demographic Factors on Employee Productivity and Safety Programmmes in Oil and Gas and Construction Industries in the Niger Delta Area, Nigeria
Authors: Sala Lazarus Tsado , Nwaogazie Ify L. , Inyang Ugbong John , Eyenike Nelson , Onofeghara Caleb O.
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study was to examine how demographic variables affect employee productivity in the selected Oil & Gas and Construction companies in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Structured questionnaire was the research instrument administered to 390 employees by random sampling; while the selection of the Oil & Gas and construction companies was by purposive method. Demographic variables captured in the questionnaire included Gender, Age, Level of education, Marital status and Years of experience. The collated data were analyzed using Xlstat version 16 for descriptive statistics and reliability test using Cronbach alpha. Also, Z-test and Analysis of Variance were carried out to check for significant difference in the employee productivity across the demographic variables. Principal Component Analysis was further used to understand the relationship between the demographic variables and safety programs. The result from the study showed that female had slightly higher employee productivity than male employee. The overall productivity might be slightly geared toward cognitive diversity rather than physical work demand. The result further showed that there was no significant difference in the employee productivity with respect to gender. Similarly, the finding from the study showed that employee between the ages of 42 to 49 and workers with 17 - 24 years of working experience had the highest employee productivity. While workers between the ages of 18 to 25 and workers with experience above 25 years had the least employee productivity. No significant difference was found in the ages and working experience with respect to productivity. However, significant difference was observed in the marital status with respect to productivity. Single and divorced workers had significantly higher employee productivity than their counterpart. Given that workers above 50 years also showed high productivity, it is recommended that pairing employees above the age of 50 years and younger workers (below 25) will be beneficial in increasing the overall productivity in the company. However, the need for succession planning and knowledge transfer as they approach retirement should be carried out by the companies.
Disease progression in Parkinson‘s disease patients with subjective cognitive complaint
Authors: Han Lin‐Lin , Wang Lan , Xu Zhi‐Heng , Liang Xiao‐Niu , Zhang Meng‐Wei , Fan Yun , Sun Yi‐Min , Liu Feng‐Tao , Yu Wen‐Bo , Tang Yi‐Lin
Published: October 2021

Objective

Little is known about the disease progression of Parkinson's disease patients with subjective cognitive complaint (PD‐SCC). This longitudinal cohort study aims to compare the progression of clinical features and quality of life (QoL) in PD patients with normal cognition (NC), SCC, and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods

A total of 383 PD patients were enrolled, including 189 PD‐NC patients, 59 PD‐SCC patients, and 135 PD‐MCI patients, with 1–7 years of follow‐up. Linear mixed models were applied to evaluate longitudinal changes in motor symptoms, nonmotor features (cognitive impairment, depression, and excessive daytime sleepiness), and QoL in PD.

Results

At baseline, PD‐SCC patients had lower Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores and Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire‐39 (PDQ‐39) scores than PD‐NC patients (all p < 0.05). Longitudinal analyses revealed that the PD‐SCC group exhibited faster progression in terms of BDI scores (p = 0.042) and PDQ‐39 scores (p = 0.035) than the PD‐NC group. The PD‐MCI group exhibited faster progression rates in the Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores (p = 0.001) and PDQ‐39 scores (p = 0.005) than the PD‐NC group. In addition, the PD‐SCC group exhibited a greater reduction in attention (Trail Making Test Part A, p = 0.047) and executive function (Stroop Color‐Word Test, p = 0.037) than the PD‐NC group.

Interpretation

PD‐SCC patients exhibited faster deterioration of depression and QoL than PD‐NC patients, and SCC may be an indicator of initial attention and executive function decline in PD. Our findings provided a more accurate prognosis in PD‐SCC patients.
Copper Catalyzed Synthesis of 3‐Nitro‐Quinolines from Nitro‐Olefins and Anthranils: Its Application in the Synthesis of Quindoline
Authors: Awasthi Annapurna , Yadav Pushpendra , Yadav Sourabh , Tiwari Dharmendra Kumar
Published: October 2021

Copper‐catalyzed routes have been achieved for the synthesis of 3‐nitroquinolines from readily available nitroolefins and anthranils. This reaction proceeds via the [4+2] cycloaddition between anthranils and nitro‐styrenes under mild reaction conditions to obtain biologically important heterocycles. A wide range of diversely substituted nitro‐olefins and anthranils are successfully employed in this reaction to access a series of 3‐nitro‐quinolines in 81–93% yields. The synthetic utility of the present methodology is also illustrated in this manuscript.

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Cobalt Catalyst‐Controlled Selective Dioxygenation of Styrenes Using N‐Hydroxyphthalimide with Molecular Oxygen
Authors: Hao Xiaosong , Ji Huihui , Zhan Hongju , Zhang Qian , Li Dong
Published: October 2021

A cobalt‐catalyzed selective dioxygenation of styrenes with N‐hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) was developed using molecular oxygen as the terminal oxidant. Alcohol and ketone products can be selectively formed from identical substrates by catalyst control. The reaction was applicable to a broad range of styrenes and exhibited good functional group tolerance. It provided a method for preparation of 1,2‐diol or α‐hydroxyketone derivatives.

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Recent Total Syntheses of Cephalotaxine‐Type Alkaloids (2016–2021)
Authors: Jeon Hongjun
Published: October 2021

Over the past decades, scientists have obtained a diverse range of interesting natural products, including alkaloids, terpenoids, and flavonoids from the genus Cephalotaxus. Among them, cephalotaxine‐type alkaloids have attracted considerable attention from chemists because of their intriguing pentacyclic structures as well as the diversity of naturally occurring analogs. Notably, homoharringtonine (Trade name: Synribo®) is a pharmaceutical drug, which was approved by the FDA in 2012 for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia, implying that cephalotaxine‐type alkaloids have medicinal value. Since the first total synthesis of cephalotaxine, almost 70 total syntheses of cephalotaxine‐type alkaloids have been reported, involving various synthetic methodologies. Because of their potential as molecular platforms for the development of organic chemistry, the total synthesis of cephalotaxine‐type alkaloids has been extensively studied. This review focuses on the recent 10 total syntheses of cephalotaxine‐type alkaloids reported in the period, 2016–2021. In addition, synthetic hallmarks, such as common synthetic routes and ring‐opening features of this class, were also addressed.
Multiple‐Site Concerted Proton–Electron Transfer in a Manganese‐Based Complete Functional Model for [FeFe]‐Hydrogenase
Authors: He Shuanglin , Huang Fang , Wu Qianqian , Zhang Ping , Xiong Ying , Yang Jie , Zhang Rong , Wang Fang , Chen Lin , Liu T. Leo , Li Fei
Published: October 2021

The active site of [FeFe]‐hydrogenase (H2ase) is preorganized with an amine (azadithiolate) as a proton relay and a [4Fe4S] subunit as an electron reservoir, which together lower the overpotential for proton reduction and hydrogen oxidation by multiple‐site concerted proton–electron transfer (MS‐CPET). Herein, we report a mononuclear manganese complex,fac‐[Mn(CO)3(6‐(2‐hydroxyphenol)‐2‐pyridine‐2‐quinoline) Br] (1), as a rare model to fully mimic the functions of the H2ase. In1, a redox‐active bidentate ligand with a pendent phenol replicates the roles of the electron reservoir and the proton relay in the enzyme. Experimental and theoretical studies revealed two consecutive MS‐CPET processes in the catalytic cycle, in each of which an electron stored in the reductive ligand and a proton at the proximal phenol moiety are transferred to the Mn center in a concerted way. By virtue of this mechanism, complex1exhibited a low overpotential comparable to that of natural enzyme in electrochemical hydrogen production using phenol as a proton source.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of 3‐Benzoylaminocoumarins for the Synthesis of Chiral 3‐Amino Dihydrocoumarins
Authors: Xu Yunnan , Liu Delong , Deng Yu , Zhou Yi , Zhang Wanbin
Published: October 2021

An asymmetric hydrogenation of 3‐benzoylaminocoumarins was achieved for the first time using our BridgePhos‐Rh catalytic system, providing chiral 3‐amino dihydrocoumarins in high yields (up to 98 %) and with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99.7 %ee). The relationship between the enantioselectivities of the hydrogenations and the dihedral angles and the resulting π‐π stacking effects of the BridgePhos‐Rh complexes, which were determined by X‐ray diffraction analysis, are discussed. The corresponding hydrogenated products allow for many transformations, providing several chiral skeletons with important physiological and pharmacological activities.
Acceptorless Dehydrogenation of Methanol to Carbon Monoxide and Hydrogen using Molecular Catalysts
Authors: Kaithal Akash , Chatterjee Basujit , Werlé Christophe , Leitner Walter
Published: October 2021

The acceptorless dehydrogenation of methanol to carbon monoxide and hydrogen was investigated using homogeneous molecular complexes. Complexes of ruthenium and manganese comprising the MACHO ligand framework showed promising activities for this reaction. The molecular ruthenium complex [RuH(CO)(BH4)(HN(C2H4PPh2)2)] (Ru‐MACHO‐BH) achieved up to 3150 turnovers for carbon monoxide and 9230 turnovers for hydrogen formation at 150 °C reaching pressures up to 12 bar when the decomposition was carried out in a closed vessel. Control experiments affirmed that the metal complex mediates the initial fast dehydrogenation of methanol to formaldehyde and methyl formate followed by subsequent slow decarbonylation. Depending on the catalyst and reaction conditions, the CO/H2 ratio in the gas mixture thus varies over a broad range from almost pure hydrogen to the stoichiometric limit of 1:2.
Dual‐Ion Intercalation and High Volumetric Capacitance in a Two‐Dimensional Non‐Porous Coordination Polymer
Authors: Banda Harish , Dou Jin‐Hu , Chen Tianyang , Zhang Yugang , Dincă Mircea
Published: October 2021

Intercalation is a promising ion‐sorption mechanism for enhancing the energy density of electrochemical capacitors (ECs) because it offers enhanced access to the electrochemical surface area. It requires a rapid transport of ions in and out of a host material, and it must occur without phase transformations. Materials that fulfil these requirements are rare; those that do intercalate almost exclusively cations. Herein, we show that Ni3(benzenehexathiol) (Ni3BHT), a non‐porous two‐dimensional (2D) layered coordination polymer (CP), intercalates both cations and anions with a variety of charges. Whereas cation intercalation is pseudocapacitive, anions intercalate in a purely capacitive fashion. The excellent EC performance of Ni3BHT provides a general basis for investigating similar dual‐ion intercalation mechanisms in the large family of non‐porous 2D CPs.
Can morphotaxa be assessed with photographs? Estimating the accuracy of two‐dimensional cranial geometric morphometrics for the study of threatened populations of African monkeys
Authors: Cardini Andrea , de Jong Yvonne A. , Butynski Thomas M.
Published: October 2021

The classification of most mammalian orders and families is under debate and the number of species is likely greater than currently recognized. Improving taxonomic knowledge is crucial, as biodiversity is in rapid decline. Morphology is a source of taxonomic knowledge, and geometric morphometrics applied to two dimensional (2D) photographs of anatomical structures is commonly employed for quantifying differences within and among lineages. Photographs are informative, easy to obtain, and low cost. 2D analyses, however, introduce a large source of measurement error when applied to crania and other highly three dimensional (3D) structures. To explore the potential of 2D analyses for assessing taxonomic diversity, we use patas monkeys (Erythrocebus), a genus of large, semi‐terrestrial, African guenons, as a case study. By applying a range of tests to compare ventral views of adult crania measured both in 2D and 3D, we show that, despite inaccuracies accounting for up to one‐fourth of individual shape differences, results in 2D almost perfectly mirror those in 3D. This apparent paradox might be explained by the small strength of covariation in the component of shape variance related to measurement error. A rigorous standardization of photographic settings and the choice of almost coplanar landmarks are likely to further improve the correspondence of 2D to 3D shapes. 2D geometric morphometrics is, thus, appropriate for taxonomic comparisons of patas ventral crania. Although it is too early to generalize, our results corroborate similar findings from previous research in mammals, and suggest that 2D shape analyses are an effective heuristic tool for morphological investigation of small differences.
An extensive critique of sliding mode control and adaptive neuro‐fuzzy inference system for nonlinear system
Authors: George Jim , Mani Geetha , Alexander Stonier Albert
Published: October 2021

Nonlinear control hypothesis is the region of control hypothesis which manages frameworks that are nonlinear, time‐variant, or both. Nonlinear control structures have extended high prevalence fundamentally because of the wide use of hypothetical intends to deal with credible issues in different zones of engineering and medical aspects. Sliding mode control (SMC) is a nonlinear control strategy applied when the deterministic model of the nonlinear system is discrepant with actual plant in terms of plant parameters and undetermined external disturbances. SMC is a sort of nonlinear control that accentuates zero error convergence modeling error, demonstrating nonlinearities and outside aggravations. Adaptive neuro‐fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) captures neural associations and soft reason guidelines in a single framework. ANFIS causes fewer errors and is more obvious to the customer isolated from the ANN. The paper centers that neural organizations accept a critical capacity in controlling nonlinear frameworks. This review aims an overview of existing methods for nonlinear control and application of SMC for nonlinear system based on ANFIS.
Predictive display for teleoperation with virtual reality fusion technology
Authors: Fu Yongqing , Lin Weiyang , Huang Junsong , Gao Huijun
Published: October 2021

A virtual reality (VR) fusion technology of matching a virtual environment of simulated graphics models with actual camera views of the slave station task environment has been developed. This fusion technology enables high‐fidelity predictive displays with calibrated graphics overlay on the live video. Reliable and accurate parameters are achieved by camera calibration and feature point detection. Since the object pose becomes known through the virtual model, the operator can use the teleoperation system effectively. Predictive displays are very useful for both noncontact and contact tasks, providing an effective VR interface with immediate visual prediction to the operator. Besides, the feature points detection avoids the exacerbation of maneuverability caused by outside interference. Lastly, the experiment of endoscopic penetration is conducted to validate the system.