bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hematological parameters of pig blood following the use of essential oils
Authors: Vuhliar V. , Vuhliar Y. , Syrovatko I.
Published: August 2023

Purpose. To study the morphological and biochemical parameters of the pig blood fed with essential oils as part of the protein-vitamin-mineral supplement “Efiprot” in a dose of 150 and 200 g per 1 ton of compound feed. Methods. In the research general scientific methods were used: zootechnical (experiments on animals), physiological (blood tests), statistical (biometric materials), analytical. Results. The use of a new feed component in the rations of experimental groups of pigs leads to an increase in the number of erythrocytes by 2.4-2.8%, leukocytes in the blood of animals of the experimental groups relative to the control indicator – by 1.37-4.94% (Р < 0.001). The leukocyte blood formula of all animals remained at the physiological level, but in the third group, an increase in basophils by 30.64% was observed, as well as a slight increase in eosinophils in both groups – by 9.28-6.55%. According to the research results, the number of platelets was higher in the second and third groups of animals by 1.31-2.9% (P < 0.01). The total protein content increased in the second group by 3.27% (Р < 0.001) and the third one – by 8.62% (Р < 0.001) relative to the control. Indicators of hemoglobin content in one erythrocyte in the experimental groups exceeded the control by 7.82 (Р < 0.001)-12.65% (Р < 0.001). Therefore, according to the results of laboratory studies, the number of albumins increased in both groups by 12.15 (Р < 0.001)-17.15% (Р < 0.001) relative to the control, and the level of bilirubin in the blood of pigs had a slight increase only in the third group – by 7, 41% (P < 0.01). The amount of glucose in the second and third groups increased by 8.84 (Р < 0.001)-6.81% (Р < 0.001). Conclusions. Complex feeding of the protein-vitamin-mineral supplement “Efiprot” with essential oils causes: stimulation of erythropoiesis (increase in the number of erythrocytes) in the blood of pigs and respiratory function of the blood (increase in hemoglobin level); activation of cellular immunity (increase in the number of leukocytes within the physiological norm).
Perceived Health Risks among Teachers Working Remotely in the Era of Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ramirez Sheryl Haduca
Published: August 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic gained prominence and posed a threat to the traditional education system when quarantine was implemented. The teachers' workload increased as work from home was mandated. As a result of working remotely, the teachers experience challenges in their physical, mental, and socio-emotional health. This study evaluated the health risks as perceived by teachers in a tertiary educational institution working remotely during the era of the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of physical, mental, and socio-emotional health. It also aimed to describe the socio-demographic profile of the respondents and determined their current health problems.

 

A cross-sectional descriptive study design was utilized. The respondents were selected using a non-probability convenience sampling technique and data were collected using a researcher-made Likert-type questionnaire adapted from the Occupational Safety and Health Standards by DOLE (2022). Content and construct validity were accomplished through expert reviews and reliability testing was established through a Cronbach alpha coefficient value of 0.950. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics as well as Z-test and ANOVA for the test of difference. The demographic profile of the respondents indicated a majority belonging to the College of Arts and Sciences, mostly of married civil status, and predominantly female with ages ranging from 41 to 50. The dominant ranks showed Instructors I, II, and III while time engagement in educational technology ranged from 3 hours and above but not greater than 6 hours. The respondents' perceived physical, mental, and socio-emotional health risks revealed a moderate risk as supported by an overall grand mean of 2.629. The physical risk was primarily associated with musculoskeletal problems and had the highest grand mean of 3.038, signifying a moderate level of risk. On the other hand, mental and socio-emotional dimensions were both perceived as low risks, with corresponding grand means of 2.525 and 2.323 respectively. Further results highlighted that level of health risks has a significant difference when grouped according to age (p-value of 0.0012) and academic rank (p-value of 0.0019), thus rejecting the null hypothesis. Sex, marital status, college affiliation, and time engagement in education technology demonstrated no significant difference at all. Health Optimization Practices for Educators (HOPE) was crafted to address health risks by promoting health and wellness through knowledge enhancement. Future studies akin to teachers’ health risks while working remotely need to be explored in the areas of ergonomics and occupational hazards.
Organoleptic Test of Boba Flour Substitution of Pumpkin Seeds High in Fiber and Protein
Authors: Septia Maurizka Sabrina , Katmawanti Septa , Supriyadi Supriyadi
Published: August 2023

In 2013, the obesity rate in Indonesia for people over the age of 18 was 14.8 percent; by 2018, the obesity rate had risen to 21.8%. The significant number of fat people in Indonesia is caused by high sugar consumption and low fiber consumption regularly. 100 grams of pumpkin seeds contain 6 grams of fiber, 30.23 grams of protein, 7.2 mg/100 zinc, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and phytosterols. The purpose of this study is to identify the panelists' level of preference for four formulations of pumpkin seed flour boba using assessment factors such as taste, color, texture, and aroma. The procedural model was used in this research and development. This development study utilizes an opinion-based process, which is then modified based on research needs. Organoleptic testing on boba products without added milk drinks on untrained panelists revealed a significant difference in color and texture parameters. There was no significant difference in panelist acceptability of aroma and taste characteristics. The findings of the untrained panelist's appraisal of boba added to a milk companion drink were then presented, revealing significant changes in the color and texture parameters. Furthermore, there were no statistically significant changes in the aroma and taste indices.
Purslane (Portulaca Oleracea): A Prospective plant Source of Nutrition and its waste utilization in traditional product
Authors: Jamal Ayesha , Pareek Navita
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this review is to study powder leaves of purslane (Portulaca oleracea). It is one of India's most widely cultivated and popular vegetables. Purslane (P. oleracea) leaves are rich in beta-carotene, iron, and calcium source. This leaves categories as waste products, however, can be used for the treatment of anemia and people with micronutrient inadequacies in value-added products. This analysis evaluated the nutritional profile of powder and its use in purslane leaves. For drying leaves at different temperatures for a particular period there are a variety of drying methods, such as dryers for hot oven and sun drying methods. It can be stored in the lean season after drying. They are also rich in beneficial plant metabolities, including sulfur that contains glucosinolates, anthocyanin, flavonoids, and other compounds for improving nutrient, physical-chemical, sensorial, and health benefits. Purslane leaves phytochemicals are more powerful antioxidants that can reduce the risk of chronic diseases by protecting against free radicals.
Evaluation of Laboratory Methods for the Diagnosis of Entamoeba histolytica Among Children in Port Harcourt, Rivers State
Authors: Chiladi Isomah , Mbata U Christian , Huoma Priya , Chiladi Isomah Abiye
Published: August 2023

The prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica using different methods in detecting the causative pathogens causing amoebic dysentery among children in Rivers State was carried out using standard laboratory procedures. This research was carried out in some selected health establishments in Port Harcourt City, the capital of Rivers State, Nigeria. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of E. histolytica among children in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. The study which involved about one thousand stool samples were collected from consented subjects in Rivers State hospitals, of which 533 fecal specimens from male and 467 from female children were collected. Stool sample examined using the three diagnostic methods which were microscopic methods using normal saline and lugol’s iodine, formol-ether sedimentation technique and Entamoeba culture methods. The results showed that, out of the 1000 stool samples examined, 54 (5.4%) were positive for cyst and or trophozoites of E. histolytica when examined by direct saline and lugol’s iodine bright light microscopy. Twenty-one (2.1%) showed presence of E. histolytica when processed by sedimentation method, whereas 87 (8.7%) showed presence of E. histolytica in all the samples processed by culture method. These results implementing 89%, 81% and 95% specificity for microscopy, sedimentation and culture method respectively. Furthermore, culture method, microscopy method and sedimentation method showed sensitivity of 95% 62% and 40% respectively. Data analysis of kappa statistics showed culture method have the highest value of (0.75) followed by microscopy (0.55) and sedimentation (0.33). Finally, culture method which is the most reliable test method could be a very useful tool in the routine assessment as well as surveillance of E. histolytica in a developing country like Nigeria. Therefore, public and personal health hygiene should be taken seriously to avoid and control the infection in Rivers State.
Enhancing Contact Tracing for Serratia marcescens Biofilm on High-Usage Body Towels in Rivers State Bathrooms
Authors: Ikpa Amadi , KH Ogbonda
Published: August 2023

The placement of body towels before and after use in bathrooms where Serratia marcescens proliferates calls for concern, as Serratia marcescens, an airborne opportunistic pathogen has been reported keratinolytic.  Serratia marcescens, a bacterium commonly noticed with a pink or red slimy appearance in toilet sinks, bowls, and tiles presents an aesthetically, unappealing and disgusting appearance in the toilet surroundings. The study aimed to trace the presence of Serratia marcescens on frequently used body towels hung in the bathroom doors. Swabs from forty (40) differently used towels were collected from twenty (20) volunteered homes and analyzed using standard microbiological procedures. Microbiological procedures involved inoculating the swab sample on a prepared peptone broth and plating on MacConkey agar media, followed by identification and streak of the recovered isolate onto Congo red agar media for biofilm formation.  Results showed the recovery of Serratia marcescens isolates. The three homes showed a Serratia marcescens count of 3 X 10, 1 X 102, and 7 X 10 CFU per swab for house units C, I, and P respectively.  Serratia marcescens could form a biofilm, a basic feature that allowed it to strive on a body towel. The results derived strongly identified the presence of Serratia marcescens biofilm on body towels hung in the bathrooms. This could have health implications for towel users due to the bacteria's keratolytic properties. Hence, the need for constant surveillance to support effective measures of hygiene, aimed at preventing the spread of Serratia marcescens is recommended.
Modern Contraceptive Use and Associated Factors In USSA Local Government Area Of Taraba State, Nigeria
Authors: Andeskebtso Adaki Yohanna
Published: August 2023

With the high rate of unintended pregnancy in the world, encouraging the use of contraceptives has become necessary. However, some factors may influence whether a woman agrees to utilize contraceptives or not. This paper examines the impact of individual factors, sociocultural factors, and health system factors on the utilization of contraceptives in Ussa Local Government Area of Taraba State, Nigeria. Through a literature-based analysis and the application of rational choice theory, the findings highlight the complex interplay of these factors in shaping contraceptive utilization patterns in Ussa Local Government Area. Individual hurdles to uptake were identified as a lack of information about contraception, socioeconomic status, misconceptions, and unfavorable attitudes. Individuals' decision-making processes are influenced by sociocultural variables such as religion and cultural traditions that oppose contraception. Furthermore, a lack of contraceptive availability, a shortage of skilled healthcare practitioners, and a weaker healthcare infrastructure all restrict access to and utilization of contraceptive therapies. The paper recommended that focused interventions should address these various challenges to boost contraceptive usage in Ussa LGA. Individuals, communities, and religious leaders should be targeted for education and awareness efforts to debunk misunderstandings, enhance knowledge, and encourage favorable attitudes regarding contraception. Engaging community leaders and religious organizations in family planning advocacy can assist transform sociocultural norms in favour of family planning. Improving the availability, price, and quality of contraception, as well as training healthcare practitioners, will be crucial for boosting the utilization of contraceptives.
Kültürel Üretim Mekânlarında Kenti Üreten Kadınlar: Kadifekale Örneği
Authors: ACAT Nupelda Sibel , İPEK EK Fatma
Published: August 2023

Göç sırasında genellikle pasif durumda olan göçmen kadınlar, göç alanlarının kullanılması ve dönüştürülmesi söz konusu olduğunda, aktif birer özneye dönüşmektedir. Kimlik, toplumsal cinsiyet, sosyokültürel normlar ve ekonomik kaygılar kadınların mekânla ilişkisini anlamlandırmada değerlendirilmesi gereken unsurlardandır. Bu unsurlar, kadınlar için pek çok yaşamsal zorluğa yol açarken mekânsal yeniden üretimleri de beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu bağlamda, İzmir kent merkezinde önemli bir göç bölgesi olan Kadifekale, kentsel dönüşüm politikaları ile birçok akademik ve yerel yönetim temelli araştırmaya da konu olmuştur. Önceden yapılan tüm çalışmalara ek olarak bu makale, iç göçün yaşam/üretim mekânları üzerindeki etkisini ele almakta, Kadifekale ve çevresi odağında incelemektedir. İlgili yerleşimin mevcut mekânsal durumunu anlamak için kültürel kodların kökenine karşılık gelen Mardin'in özgün dokusundaki mekânsal kodlar da incelenmiş, Mardin’de yaşanılan mekânsal dilin, İzmir’de yaşanılan mekânsal dile nasıl dönüştüğü ve özellikle kadınlar tarafından nasıl aktarıldığı araştırılmıştır. Yöntem olarak etnografik temele oturan incelemelerde, yerinde gözlem tekniğinin yanı sıra, İzmir ve Mardin’in ilgili mahallelerinde yaşamakta olan kadınlarla yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Görüşmelerin en önemli çıktısı, göçmen kadınların “varış” noktasındaki mekânları yeniden örgütleme ve tasarlama konusundaki örtük fakat etken rollerine dairdir. Bu çerçevede, varış ve menşe mekânların/mekânsal elemanların birbiriyle gösterdiği benzerlik ve farklılıklar, göçmenlerin kültürlerini mekânlara yansıtabilme esnekliklerine dair de önemli verilere işaret etmektedir.
Presented intention and free will
Authors: Le Tam-Tri
Published: August 2023

I discuss some recent findings in neuroscience on free will as well as from the information processing perspective.
ETIKA POLITIK DALAM PEMENUHAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA
Authors: Rahayu Sri Suci
Published: August 2023

Tujuan dari pendekatan etika politik ini dalam pemenuhan hak asasi manusiaadalah mendorong tindakan politik yang adil, berkeadilan, dan menghormati-hakindividu, tanpa diskriminasi dan pelanggaran hak asasi manusia. Dengan mempertimbangkan implikasi etika dalam setiap langkah kebijakan dan tindakanpolitik diharapkan masyarakat dapat menciptakan sistem politik yang menjunjung tinggi hak asasi manusia sebagai prinsip utama dalam menjaga keadilan.Penelitian dan penerapan konsep etika dalam pemenuhan hak asasi manusia berfungsi sebagai pijakan bagi para pemimpin, pemerintahan, dan mayarakat sipiluntuk memastikan hak-hak dasar setiap warga negara terlindungi dan terjamindalam masyarakat yang inklusif dan berpegang pada nilai-nilai kemanusiaan yang universal. Dengan demikian, abstrak ini menyajikan gambaran tentang pentingnyaetika dalam mencapai tujuan yang menghormati hak asasi manusia dalam konteks politik dan pemerintahan.
Chinese EFL Teachers’ Perceptions of the Effects of Subtitles Types on English Comprehension and Vocabulary Acquisition of Chinese Students in Secondary Education
Authors: Xu Yilan
Published: August 2023

This dissertation focuses on Chinese EFL teachers’ perceptions of the effects of four different subtitling modes on English comprehension and vocabulary acquisition of students in secondary schools of China. The four types of subtitles include no subtitles, Chinese subtitles, English subtitles and bilingual subtitles. This qualitative study employed the semi-structured interview to investigate five Chinese EFL teachers’ attitudes toward how subtitles affect English learning. The results indicated that the effectiveness of these subtitling modes was related to two key factors: learners’ English proficiency and learning autonomy. Participants also provided several suggestions about choosing appropriate subtitling mode to support language learning.
Female gaze: challenging male gaze orthodox
Authors: Jin Ruining
Published: August 2023

Women have been historically objectified via erotic images in art, advertisements, and photography. Therefore, the so-called male gaze is an orthodox way to structure visual publications in movies, arts, and even games. However, as the feminist movement gained ground, many artworks now are based on the female gaze [1].
Who are the Election Skeptics? Evidence from the 2022 Midterm Elections
Authors: Grimmer Justin , Holliday Derek , Lelkes Yphtach , Westwood Sean
Published: August 2023

Faith in American elections is eroding, with politicians frequently questioning the legitimacy of election results and spreading misinformation about voter fraud. Substantial work has been done to refute misinformation and increase confidence in elections, but often without a clear picture of who skeptics are and why they are skeptical. Using extensive polling data from around the 2022 midterm election (N=5,244), we provide a comprehensive profile of election skeptics: their prevalence, views, and justification. We rely on a large nationally-representative survey and use a mix of quantitative and qualitative data. We find that while skepticism is widespread in the American electorate, its underpinnings are not necessarily deep-seated. Over half of skeptics claim they are skeptical because of how elections are run and nearly one-in-five skeptics claim they are skeptical because of the other party's performance in recent elections, which we corroborate through an event study of the 2022 election.
INTERBASIN HIGHS IN SOUTH-CENTRAL IDAHO
Authors: Palmquist Robert
Published: August 2023

This paper reevaluates the concept of basin highs at the Basin and Range scale. Large positive topographic features dominate the hanging walls of the segmented mountain-front faults along the west sides of the Lost River, Lemhi and Beaverhead Ranges in south central Idaho (three ranges area). The fault segment boundaries (SB) have positive structural features (basin highs) at the fault tips where fault displacement is minimal. The basin highs separate the adjacent subsiding half graben. This paper recognizes two types of basin highs. They are the intrabasin high that forms at linked SB and which subside with the consolidated half graben surrounding it and the interbasin high that forms at unlinked SB at which the half graben subside independently such that the SB area remains a surface landform. The cross-valley interbasin high is the largest landform at unlinked SB with a median length of 9.4 km, width of 9 km and height of 344 m. It blocks the hanging wall valley to form either a drainage divide or is breached by a water gap.The three ranges area lies within a salient of the Eastern Snake River Plain (ESRP). The salient is seismically inactive and has a thicker crust, higher Vp/Vs ratios, and higher heat flow than the adjacent Basin and Range crust. These properties result from an underlying sill extending northward from the Heise Volcanic Center. The size and prominence of the cross-valley interbasin highs are the result of the isostatic buoyancy of the overlying crustal blocks on the semi-liquid sill wherein the heavier blocks with thick basin fills in the half graben sink and thereby cause the adjacent interbasin highs to isostatically rise. Prominent interbasin highs are rare elsewhere in the Basin and Ranges although gravity data indicate the presence of buried intrabasin highs in Idaho south of the ESRP and in the Dixie Valley in Nevada. The proposed origin of interbasin highs are either displacement deficits at SB or distributed strain by small fault across the interbasin high. Neither origin explains the extension of an cross-valley interbasin high from the mountain front across the hanging wall valley. Detailed mapping of the Grover Relay in Star Valley Wyoming indicates the cross-valley part of the interbasin is an extension of the minimal subsidence area at the SB across the area lying between and outside of the adjacent half graben boundaries. The rarity of interbasin highs elsewhere makes the three ranges area unique and generalizations based on them somewhat limited in scope.
National Identity and Migration Policy Dynamics: Analysing the Effect of Swedish National Identity on Its Granting Asylum Policy to Syrian Refugees in 2013
Authors: Desak Sinta Putu Suryani Abdul Razaq Cangara
Published: August 2023

The Syrian conflict in 2011 has inevitably led to the massive forced migration of asylum seekers and refugees. Most of them fled to neighbouring and several countries in Europe. As a result of the European Union (EU) 's open border policy, their influx into Europe was reckoned a problem for many European countries due to increasing crimes and threats to its members' national security. Some European Union countries chose to be cautious by refusing or only providing financial assistance. Contrastingly, as an EU member state, Sweden received thousands of Syrian refugees until 2013. On October 3, 2013, the Swedish government announced an asylum policy of guaranteed housing provision and the right to bring families to Syrian asylum seekers until they obtain UNHCR refugee status. Such granting asylum policy to Syrian refugees shows differences in the identity of social security construction both in the society and its decision-makers compared to other EU countries. This article exposes the identity influence on the Swedish government's decision to grant asylum to Syrian refugees in 2013. This article employs the "aspirational constructivism" theory by Anne Clunan, arguing that a state's policy is based on a national identity sourced from society's historical reflections and the political elite's future aspirations. This article finds that Swedish society's history experienced cultural homogenization, known as a multicultural country, and the Social-Democracy and folkhemmet ("Home for the People") idea of the political elites resulted in the granting of asylum policy to Syrian refugees in October 2013.
S M Nazmuz Sakib’s Hypothesis of Post-Exercise Hypotension Modulation by Nitric Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Sakib S M Nazmuz
Published: August 2023

The magnitude and duration of post-exercise hypotension (PEH) can be modulated by the administration of nitric oxide (NO) nanoparticles before, during, or after exercise. NO is a potent vasodilator that can lower blood pressure by relaxing the smooth muscle cells in the blood vessels. NO nanoparticles are tiny particles that can deliver NO to specific target tissues or organs, enhancing its bioavailability and efficacy.My hypothesis is based on the following assumptions and facts:•PEH is influenced by several factors, such as exercise intensity, duration, mode, frequency, and individual characteristics (age, sex, health status, etc.).•PEH is mediated by various mechanisms, such as changes in cardiac output, peripheral vascular resistance, sympathetic nervous system activity, baroreflex sensitivity, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activity, and endothelial function.•NO plays a key role in regulating vascular tone and blood pressure by modulating some of the mechanisms involved in PEH.•NO nanoparticles have been shown to lower blood pressure in animal models of hypertension and improve endothelial function in humans.
Implementation and Evaluation of the Automated Model Reduction (AMORE) Version 1.1 Isoprene Oxidation Mechanism in GEOS-Chem
Authors: Yang Benjamin , Wiser Forwood , McNeill V. , Fiore Arlene , Tao Madankui , Henze Daven , Sen Siddhartha , Westervelt Daniel
Published: August 2023

Detailed chemical mechanisms are computationally challenging to include in large-scale chemical transport models such as GEOS-Chem. Employing a graph theory-based automated model reduction (AMORE) algorithm, we developed a new reduced (12 species and 23 reactions) gas-phase isoprene oxidation mechanism. We performed GEOS-Chem simulations for a full year (June 2018 – May 2019) with the default (BASE) and AMORE version 1.1 isoprene mechanisms at 2° × 2.5° horizontal resolution globally and 0.25° × 0.3125° resolution over the eastern United States (EUS). Additionally, we conducted BASE and AMORE sensitivity simulations in which biogenic isoprene and anthropogenic emissions were sequentially set to zero in the model. For the entire year simulated, GEOS-Chem was faster by 10% in total and 25% in the chemical solver (KPP) with the AMORE mechanism. Evaluating GEOS-Chem against surface observations from the Air Quality System (AQS) and Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) networks as well as satellite columns from the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) and Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS), our results show comparable accuracy in BASE and AMORE nested-grid simulations of air pollutants, with annual mean model bias changes of 1% for both PM2.5 and O3 over the EUS. From the sensitivity simulations, we find that US biogenic isoprene contributes to 7-9% of PM2.5 and 3-4% of O3 on average in summer over the EUS. This study indicates that AMORE is an attractive option for future GEOS-Chem modeling studies, especially where detailed isoprene chemistry is not the focus.
Smartphone Reminders to Study: A Double-Edged Sword?
Authors: Nobbe Lea , Breitwieser Jasmin , Biedermann Daniel , Brod Garvin
Published: August 2023

Reminders are a popular feature in smartphone apps designed to promote desirable behaviors that are best performed regularly. But can they also promote students’ use of effective study strategies such as distributing study sessions? In the present study with 85 lower secondary school students aged 10-12, we combined a smartphone-based micro-randomized trial with logfile data of a vocabulary learning app. Students received reminders on some days during the 36-day intervention period. Findings suggest that reminders can be a double-edged sword: Students were more likely to study on days they received a reminder compared to days when they did not receive a reminder. However, when compared to a control group that never received reminders, the effect was not due to students studying more frequently on days with reminders. Instead, they studied less frequently on days without reminders than students in the control group. This effect increased over the study period, with students becoming increasingly less likely to study on days without reminders. Taken together, these results suggest a detrimental side effect of reminders: students become overly reliant on them.
A Seat at the Table: A New Data Set of Social Movement Organization Representation before Congress during the Twentieth Century
Authors: Seguin Charles , Maher Thomas V. , Zhang Yongjun
Published: August 2023

The authors ask descriptive questions concerning the relationship between social movement organizations (SMOs) and the state. Which movement’s SMOs are consulted the most by the state? Do only a few “spokes-organizations” speak for the whole of movements? Has the state increasingly consulted SMOs over time? Do the movements consulted most by the state advise only a few state venues? The authors present and describe a new publicly available data set covering 2,593 SMOs testifying at any of the 87,249 public congressional hearings held during the twentieth century. Testimony is highly concentrated across movements, with just four movements giving 64 percent of the testimony before Congress. A very few “spokes-organizations” testify far more often than typical SMOs. The SMO congressional testimony diversified over the twentieth century from primarily “old” movements such as Labor to include “new” movements such as the Environmental movement. The movements that testified most often did so before a broader range of congressional committees.
Predicting Smokeless Tobacco Consumption Behavior of Adolescent Students Through Protection Motivation Theory
Authors: Mandal Anil Kumar
Published: August 2023

Smokeless tobacco, a type of tobacco product that is consumed without burning, is detrimental to health but its consumption among youths of Nepal is increasing. In this regard, the main purpose of this paper is to predict SLT consumption behavior of students based on protection motivation theory (PMT), which is mostly used to study health related protective behaviors. For this study, descriptive research design was followed. Adolescent students of Class 9 and 10 of community schools of Siraha districts comprised the population of the study and the sample was selected by applying multiple-cluster sampling method. Although the sample size was 240, which was determined by using Yamane formula, only data of 225 students were analyzed due to discarding 15 incomplete questionnaires. Anonymous questionnaire was the tool of data collection that contained behavioral, socio-demographic and PMT scale sections. Data were collected through enumerators. The study found that threat appraisal was significant predictor of SLT consumption behavior of students and their intention to consume it. It is concluded that higher proportion of students consumes SLT that should be minimized by developing and implementing tobacco cessation policies and programs based on threats related to its consumption at local and national level.
अनलाइन शिक्षामा विद्यार्थीको पहुँच र धारणा {Student Access to and Perceptions of Online Education}
Authors: शेर्पा Sherpa दावा Dawa , सिँतान Singtan सन्जिता Sanjita
Published: August 2023

कोरोना महामारी पश्चात् त्रिभुवन विश्वविद्यालयले अनलाइन माध्यमवाट शिक्षण गर्ने योजना बमोजिम माइक्रोसफ्ट टिम्स मार्फत शिक्षण गराउने गरी देशभरका प्राध्यापकतथा विद्यार्थीहरूको व्यक्तिगत विवरण (आइ. डी.) तयार गरी शिक्षण सिकाइ सञ्चालनमा ल्याउन सफल भयो । यसै सन्दर्भमा यस अध्ययन अनलाइन शिक्षामा विद्यार्थीको पहुँच र अनलाइन शिक्षाप्रति विद्यार्थीको धारणासँग कस्तो रह्यो भन्ने प्रश्नमा यस अध्ययन केन्द्रित रहेको छ । यस अध्ययन सर्वे विधिमा आधारित भई स्नातकोत्तर तह प्रथम सेमेस्टरमा अध्ययनरत विद्यार्थीहरूलाई गुगल फर्ममा प्रश्नावली पठाई आवश्यक तथ्याङ्क सङ्कलन गरिएको छ । यस अध्ययनमा जम्मा ५० जना विद्यार्थीहरूलाई प्रश्नावली पठाइएकोमा ३५जनाले प्रश्नावली फारम भरेका थिए । उक्त तथ्याङ्कलाई प्रतिशतमा र रेटिङ स्केलमा उल्लेख गरी व्याख्या गरिएको छ । अधिकांश विद्यार्थीहरू ग्रामीण क्षेत्रका रहेको र उनीहरूको इन्टरनेटको पहुँच राम्रो नभएको उनीहरू मध्ये अधिकांशले स्मार्ट फोनद्वारा नै कक्षा लिन बाध्य भएको पाइयो । अनलाइन कक्षा सञ्चालनमा अधिकांश विद्यार्थीहरू सन्तुष्ट रहेको पाइयो । यसबाट इन्टरनेट र विद्युतीय साधनको व्यवस्था राम्रो भएमा अनलाइन कक्षा प्रभावकारी हुने निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ । यसका लागि विद्यार्थी, प्राध्यापक, पाठ्यक्रम निर्माता, स्थानीय तह, केन्द्रीय तहको सक्रियता हुनु अति आवश्यक देखिन्छ ।
Staff-Student Exchange between MMIHS and Bournemouth University (UK)
Authors: Marahatta S. , Regmi P. , Knight A. , Kuncova J. , Asbridge E. , Khanal D.P. , Van Teijlingen E.
Published: August 2023

The world is rapidly becoming a smaller place with globalisation occurring everywhere.  The process of internationalising higher education institutions through partnerships like ours, brings benefits to both MMIHS and BU and to both staff and students. For the latter, it offers new ideas, alternative ways of thinking, insights in the other people’s value systems and cultures, etc.  It equips students and staff with knowledge, skills and dispositions to work in culturally diverse and international contexts, providing them with a wider diversity of knowledge and greater understanding of global issues and challenges.  In short, the partnership offers many opportunities to gain new experiences, explore new sources and perspectives, and improve their cross-cultural capabilities and, ultimately, their employability
Health Related Quality of Life of Hypertensive Patients attending a Tertiary Level Hospital in Kathmandu
Authors: Chhetri R. , Bista B. , Pandeya P. , Khanal S.P. , Neupane A.
Published: August 2023

Background: Hypertension among cardiovascular disease is one of the major components of non-communicable disease emerging as a global public health problem leading the risk for disability and death globally impairing health related quality of life (HRQoL). The objective of study was to find out the health related quality of life of hypertensive clients attending a tertiary level hospital.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Manmohan Cardiothoracic Vascular and Transplant Center among 153 hypertensive clients attending outpatient department. Simple random sampling technique was used to collect data. Face to face interview was done for data collection, using structured questionnaire that included socio-demographic variables, health related variables, lifestyle related variables and RAND Short Form (SF)-36 questionnaire. Data analysis was done by using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics.

Results: More than half of respondents (61.4%) had good level of health related quality of life in physical component score while 86.3% had good level of health related quality of life in mental component score. The level of HRQoL was significantly associated with health related variables such as comorbidities, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and lifestyle related variables such as sleeping pattern, type of exercise in physical component and sleeping pattern in the mental component.

Conclusion: The level of HRQoL of hypertensive clients is found to be good. Hypertensive clients could improve HRQoL through prevention and treatment of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.
Awareness on Mental Illness among Adults of a Community in Ilam
Authors: Giri S. , Chhetri P.K. , Sherpa P.G.
Published: August 2023

Background: Mental illness is an increasing public health problem globally, especially in developing countries which affects overall quality of life. It is a neglected area of health which is highly stigmatized. The objective of the study was to find out awareness on mental illness among community people of Ilam District.
Method: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among 80 respondents of Ilam District using non-probability purposive sampling technique. Face to face interview technique was used to collect data by using self- developed structured questionnaire. Data management, analysis and interpretation as done using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS and represented in tabulated form.
Result: The findings of the study showed that (61.2 %) of the respondents had adequate level of awareness. Adequate level of awareness was present on meaning (71.2%), common type of mental illness in adults (77.50%), treatment (76.2%) and continue medicine and timely follow up are relapse prevention (96.2%). However inadequate awareness was present on brain injury as a biological risk factors (20.0%), Seeing/hearing things that no one else can see or hear (7.5%) and violent behavior (10%) as sign symptoms and impairment of family relation as complications (31.3.%).
Conclusion: The study revealed that more than 3/5 of the respondents had adequate level of awareness on mental illness.
Occupational Accident and Occupational Disease as an Obstacle to Work on the Employee’s Side – the Czech Perspective
Authors: Štěpánková Kateřina
Published: August 2023

In the paper, the author deals with the issue of the current jurisprudence of the Supreme Court of the Czech Republic regarding the employee’s right to wage compensation due to an obstacle to work on the employer’s side in the case the employer does not assign work to this employee according to the employment contract due to his or her common illness. She then assesses the relevance and applicability of these opinions in relation to occupational accidents and occupational diseases. At the same time, she bases her conclusions not only on the interpretation of the applicable Czech legislation, but also on a whole range of case law. In the conclusions, she also deals in detail with the employer’s obligation to transfer such an employee to another suitable job for him or her. The fact whether the employer has another suitable job available for the employee (and decides of his or her own free will not to transfer the employee to it) or, on the contrary, does not have another suitable job available for the employee is, in the opinion of the author, a key distinguishing criterion for considering whether the non-assignment of work by the employer should be assessed as an obstacle to work on the employer’s side (with the right to wage compensation) or as an obstacle to work on the employee’s side.
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Inventory Safety Tools pada PT. Kumpul Mas Abadi
Authors: Ayumida Surtika , Hakim Lukmanul , Dewi Sely Fitria
Published: August 2023

PT Kumpul Mas Abadi merupakan perusahan yang bergerak dalam bidang supplier safety tools. Pengelolaan inventory saat ini mengalami kendala karena masih dilakukan secara manual. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang sistem informasi inventori terkomputerisasi berbasis website menggantikan sistem manual. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pengembangan perangkat lunak dengan Metode Water Fall. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: Pertama, perancangan sistem informasi persediaan di PT Kumpul Mas Abadi telah selesai disusun dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan framework Laravel; Kedua, perancangan sistem informasi menggunakan Metode Waterfall terdiri dari tiga tahap yaitu perancangan sistem, perancangan perangkat lunak, dan perancangan implementasi; Ketiga, implementasi sistem informasi berbasis website ini perlu segera dilaksanakan agar perusahaan mendapatkan berbagai manfaat yaitu pengelolaan persediaan menjadi lebih efektif dan efisien yang pada akhirnya dapat mendukung peningkatan produktivitas dan kinerja perusahaan
Fenomena Meme dan Ruang Publik Dalam Media Sosial
Authors: Wahyudi R Firdaus
Published: August 2023

Social media is communication space allowing person to discus about an issue, especially public issues interactively. One of the unique social media messages is Meme. Meme is a term in explaining a phenomenon of communication messages by modified images, text and so on to convey the messages, views, opinions to the ideology of the creator. Memes spread and become viral through redistribution by other. This article aims to explain memes and its spreading (mimetic communication) in the social media. The main source of this research is a book entitled “communicating with memes: consequences in post truth civilization” written by Grant Kien. From analysis of this book, then it is used to describes the phenomena of Memes in the virtual public sphere. The results of analysis show that memes are a manifestation of the the social media development. Social media allows each individual have freedom to design and create the content of social media especially memes. Memes is a messages that created by individuals intentionally, then it is distributed in social media with various characters and functions. In the virtual public space, memes is used to convey messages regarding the Creator’s and disseminator’s view, stance and opinion about social issues. However, memes sometimes tend to break the standard of ethic, might get offensive for some people, and shallow. Keywords :Memes, Social Media And Virtual Public Speher
Financial literacy and quality of life amongst cancer patients in Sri Lanka
Authors: Dissanayake D.M.R.
Published: August 2023

Purpose: The quality of life has been widely examined by social science researchers with reference to different lifestyle-related issues of people across the world. It has made an eye-opening contribution by many authors educating the importance of quality of life for patients suffering from different diseases including cancers as one of the critical scopes. Alongside this, this study aimed to examine how financial literacy and social support could impact the quality of life of cancer patients in Sri Lanka with a rationale for its social and community impacts.

Design/methodology/approach: The variable of financial distress was considered the main independent variable within the scope of financial literacy to examine its influence on the quality of life of cancer patients. Additionally, this study investigated how social support influences the quality of life of cancer patients supported by empirical evidence. It followed a quantitative research method in line with the required inclusions for an acceptable methodology. Respondents were selected for the survey with a questionnaire followed by a convenient sampling method. The final analysis was limited to 187 respondents due to the incompletion of the questionnaires filled in by the sample units. The hypotheses were tested by using the CB-SEM model supported by Amos-23 software and the descriptive analysis was executed by using the SPSS-21 package.

Findings: The main findings of the study were discussed in the article in line with the two hypotheses tested. In brief, results proved that financial distress (FD) has a significant impact on the quality of life (QoL) of cancer patients. Additionally, it has tested the hypotheses related to how social support (SS) impacts on quality of life (QoL) of cancer patients. The results verified that social support experienced by cancer patients significantly influences the quality of life of cancer patients.

Originality: The cancer patients in Sri Lanka should be supported by a holistic approach besides the treatments. Alongside this, this paper contributes new knowledge of examining how the quality of life of cancer patients has been influenced by financial distress and social support in line with the empirical and practice gaps noticed. In addition, this study contributes to the main scopes mentioned by sustainable development goals (SDG) with reference to the local context as it provides new knowledge for social and community-related issues.

Implications: The findings of the study could be used by the health sector authorities and social welfare service organizations to come up with policies and programs to make life better for cancer patients in terms of financial and social aspects.  

Keywords: Quality of Life, Financial Literacy, Financial Distress, Social Support, Sri Lanka
Sustainable consumer behaviour in clothes disposal in the Sri Lankan context
Authors: Prathibhani H.K. K. , Lakshika V.G.P.
Published: August 2023

Purpose: Interest in sustainability has developed in recent decades and individuals are being encouraged to shift toward consumption that is more socially and environmentally sustainable. Sustainable consumption encompasses the acquisition, use, and disposal of goods as a subset of general consumption. The phrase "disposal" in the context of apparel consumption refers to whether a garment is merely discarded, resold, reused, or recycled. This study investigates how consumers can be persuaded to adopt sustainable practices when disposing of clothes.

Design/methodology/approach: The study has been conducted by using 366 respondents in Sri Lanka as a quantitative study. This study used the Fogg Behavior Model to investigate what would stimulate consumers to include sustainability criteria. There are three independent variables of the study namely; motivation- sensation anticipation, motivation-social evaluation, and ability which have tested the influence on the dependent variable sustainable clothing disposing behavior while investigating the moderation effect from the trigger. 

Findings: The results of the study indicated that variables motivation- sensation anticipation, motivation- social evaluation, and ability have a significant positive impact on sustainable clothing disposing behaviour. Furthermore, the trigger has no moderation impact on the relationship between motivation- sensation anticipation, motivation- social evaluation, ability and sustainable clothing disposing behaviour.

Originality: Even though clothing disposal has become a significant area for marketing research, especially in post-consumption behaviour, no research has been found on how consumers sustainably dispose of clothing in the Sri Lankan context.

Implications: This research provides recommendations, suggestions, and insights for marketers and fashion retailers to design their strategies when introducing a novel approach like sustainable clothing disposal.

Keywords: Clothing Disposal, Fashion, Post Consumption, Sustainable Consumption
Understanding How Materials Corrode in Nuclear Reactors
Authors: Sridharan Kumar
Published: August 2023

The corrosion of structural materials and control of coolant chemistry are key factors that impact the lifetime of nuclear reactors and the development of future reactors. This article reviews corrosion issues in four reactor concepts that use vastly different coolant types: light water reactors, lead fast reactors, high temperature gas-cooled reactors, and fluoride salt-cooled high temperature reactors.
Induction Coupled High Magnetic Field Expands Processing Envelope for Heat Treat Innovations
Authors: Pfaffmann George , Ahmad Aquil
Published: August 2023

Coupling a high magnetic field environment with an applied induction elevated temperature capability can achieve stronger, more durable components and materials with improved performance. This article describes work to develop high magnetic field processing technology.
Plasma Transferred Wire Arc Process Fortifies Aluminum Engine Blocks
Authors: Villafuerte Julio
Published: August 2023

One of the most recent success stories for thermal spray in the automotive industry involves the development of plasma transferred wire arc (PTWA) for aluminum engine blocks. Driven by the demand to increase fuel efficiency, automakers are placing emphasis on decreasing overall vehicle weight as well as improving engine efficiency by reducing internal friction losses. The surface structure of the composite coating created by the PTWA process promotes favorable lubrication, low friction, wear resistance, improved heat transfer, and decreased bore distortion in engine block cylinders.
Nondestructive Variable Temperature Materials Characterization for Semiconductor Research
Authors: Phillips Andy
Published: August 2023

To meet the rigorous demands of next-generation computer technology, new approaches to nondestructive measurement for early stage, temperature dependent materials characterization are needed. Terahertz spectroscopy bypasses the limitations of other characterization techniques by enabling nondestructive measurement under variable temperature and high magnetic field conditions.
Femtosecond Laser Processing Overcomes Barriers for Use in Medical Device Manufacturing
Authors: Hypsh Steven
Published: August 2023

Ultra-short femtosecond laser technology offers sub-400 fs pulses, high beam quality, and peak power that enables a high quality, cold ablation cutting process rather than a melt ejection process. Resulting cuts require minimal post processing and the small beam size allows machining of very fine details. The edge quality possible with a femtosecond laser for both metals and plastics makes it useful for machining heart, brain, and eye stents (both nitinol and cobalt-chrome), catheters, heart valves, and polymer tubing.