bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synapse-Specific Modulation of Synaptic Responses by Brain States in Hippocampal Pathways
Authors: Rampon Manon , Carponcy Julien , Missaire Mégane , Bouet Romain , Parmentier Regis , Comte Jean-Christophe , Malleret Gael , Salin Paul A.
Published: January 2023

Synaptic changes play a major role in memory processes. Modulation of synaptic responses by brain states remains, however, poorly understood in hippocampal networks, even in basal conditions. We recorded evoked synaptic responses at five hippocampal pathways in freely moving male rats. We showed that, at the perforant path to dentate gyrus (PP-DG) synapse, responses increase during wakefulness compared with sleep. At the Schaffer collaterals to CA1 (SC-CA1) synapse, responses increase during non-REM sleep (NREM) compared with the other states. During REM sleep (REM), responses decreased at the PP-DG and SC-CA1 synapses compared with NREM, while they increased at the fornix to nucleus accumbens synapse (Fx-NAc) during REM compared with the other states. In contrast, responses at the fornix to medial PFC synapse (Fx-PFC) and at the fornix to amygdala synapse (Fx-Amy) were weakly modulated by vigilance states. Extended sleep periods led to synaptic changes at PP-DG and Fx-Amy synapses but not at the other synapses. Synaptic responses were also linked to local oscillations and were highly correlated between Fx-PFC and Fx-NAc but not between Fx-Amy and these synapses. These results reveal synapse-specific modulations that may contribute to memory consolidation during the sleep–wake cycle.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSurprisingly, the cortical network dynamics remains poorly known at the synaptic level. We tested the hypothesis that brain states would modulate synaptic changes in the same way at different cortical connections. To tackle this issue, we implemented an approach to explore the synaptic behavior of five connections upstream and downstream the rat hippocampus. Our study reveals that synaptic responses are modulated in a highly synapse-specific manner by wakefulness and sleep states as well as by local oscillations at these connections. Moreover, we found rapid synaptic changes during wake and sleep transitions as well as synaptic down and upregulations after extended periods of sleep. These synaptic changes are likely related to the mechanisms of sleep-dependent memory consolidation.
Synthesis of Mxene-PVDF Composite Nanofiber Cloth
Authors: Sugaseni Sounderajan  , Rajan Jose , Ling Jin Kiong
Published: January 2023

Electrospinning is a versatile and low-cost technology in producing polymer fibers with diameter ranging from a few microns to nanometers, which can be suitably twisted to make yarns. The aim of this research is to synthesize MXENE-incorporated poly(vinylidene fluoride) (MXENE@PVDF) nanofiber using electrospinning method. The effect of MXENE-to-PVDF ratio on the properties of the nanofiber is studied to investigate its suitability as the separator for energy storage devices. The formation of MXENE@PVDF nanofibers through electrospinning method was confirmed through Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM).  X-ray powder diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) was utilized to study the sample crystallinity and to confirm presence of MXENE. The presence of MXENE was further validated through observing the interaction of functional group between MXENE and PVDF through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The main purpose of this project is to formulate a polymeric solution using MXENE and PVDF with desirable rheological properties such that a polymeric mat can be synthesized using electrospinning.
Regenerated Cellulose from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch using Ionic Liquids Mixture
Authors: Hassin Noor Syafiqah , Misnon Izan Izwan , Roslan Rasidi , Ahmad Mohd Rozi , Jasmani Latifah , Rajan Jose
Published: January 2023

This work focused on the synthesis of regenerated cellulose (RC) using ionic liquids (ILs) mixture of 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (EMIMAc) and 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIMCl) with oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) cellulose pulp. The IL-OPEFB mixture were prepare at temperature of 100 oC and stirring speed of 270 rpm; subsequently undergoes dry-jet wet spinning using self-designed water coagulation bath. The morphology, structural, and mechanical properties of regenerated cellulose filament (RCF) were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), optical microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and tensile machine. An Ioncell-type RCF was obtained is showing good mechanical properties with a tensile strength of 160.45 ± 0.699 MPa, a tenacity of 8.774 ± 0.699 cN/tex, Young’s modulus of 83.245 ± 1.183 MPa and 12.92% elongation at break.  The RCF had a smooth surface with a round, rigid and hard to break structure are foreseen to have wide applications in sustainable material technology.
Mengukur Ketercapaian Kualitas Pendidikan Perguruan Tinggi Era Pandemi dan Liyan dalam Perspektif Fenomenologis
Authors: Indrawati Lilik
Published: January 2023

Pentingnya suatu pendidikan sudah ada sejak masa Thomas Aquinas seperti Socrates yang mempercayai bahwa manusia tidak akan melakukan suatu perbuatan yang jahat dengan tujuan jahat, Riyanto (2013:136). Namun beberapa realitas sosial di Indonesia hari ini menunjukkan di sisi lain krisis moral juga semakin meningkat. Hal ini tentu menjadi sebuah kepincangan dalam dunia pendidikan. Liyan adalah mereka yang tersisihkan, bisa jadi mahasiswa yang tidak dapat mengikuti kuliah dengan efektif, dikarenakan berada di daerah terpencil, atau dapat pula liyan yang dimaksud adalah dosen yang sudah berusia, tidak mampu mengikuti teknologi yang ada. Analisis data penelitian ini menggunakan model analisis Miles Huberman (1992) yang terdiri dari tiga tahapan, yaitu reduksi data, display data, serta penarikan dan verifikasi kesimpulan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menggambarkan pembelajaran daring yang diselenggarakan di Prodi Manajemen Universitas Katolik Darma Cendika Surabaya sebagai upaya dalam mengukur ketercapaian kualitas pendidikan perguruan tinggi era pandemi dan liyan dalam perspektif fenomenologis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, dengan menggunakan wawancara melalui informan, yaitu 4 mahasiswa (semester 1, 3, 5 dan 7) serta 3 dosen tetap pada Universitas Katolik Darma Cendika Surabaya. Untuk selanjutnya mahasiswa akan disebut mahasiswa 1, 2, 3 dan 4. Begitu pula dosen  disebut dosen 1, 2 dan 3. Wawancara dimaksudkan agar mampu menggali peristiwa-peristiwa yang seakan tidak lain merupakan makna itu sendiri (Riyanto, 2018:139). Hasil dari penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa kualitas pendidikan perguruan tinggi makin menurun pada era pandemi dan liyan dalam perspektif fenomenologis.
NATIONAL NARRATIVES AND CULTURAL DIPLOMACY. THE SPANISH PAVILION AT THE VENICE BIENNALE DURING THE FRANCO DICTATORSHIP'S APERTURA IN THE FIFTIES
Authors: Ledo Arias Agar
Published: January 2023

This article proposes an approach to the Spanish presence at the Venice Biennale from the perspectives of Art History and International Relations. The article examines the image conveyed by Spanish participation in the Biennale, always via the Spanish Pavilion and in the political context of the Franco dictatorship's aperturismo [openness] in the fifties, to prove how the dictatorship favoured the attainment of political interests through a carefully planned soft power cultural diplomatic strategy. The text introduces the distinctive features of the Venice Biennale and examines its unique layout in national pavilions, which makes it an appropriate case study for addressing the connection between artistic production and national identity, on the one hand, and for analysing the role played by art and culture in international relations, on the other. What role did the Spanish Pavilion play at the Venice Biennale in the construction of national narratives during the Franco regime? How did the dictatorship use cultural diplomacy to construct its image on the international stage?
CIENCIA Y CULTURA POPULAR EN EL IMAGINARIO SURREALISTA. CONFLUENCIAS ENTRE EL SURREALISMO Y LA CIENCIA FICCIÓN
Authors: Mañero Rodicio Javier
Published: January 2023

Surrealismo y ciencia ficción se perfilan en el mismo momento histórico. Más allá de sus muy diversos planteamientos literarios y vitales, comparten imaginarios, ámbitos, autores e incluso metodologías creativas. A través tanto del surrealismo bretoniano y disidente, como de figuras periféricas influyentes en el movimiento, se destacan determinados momentos o aspectos significativos para analizar, por una parte, la consideración y uso de lo científico y sus derivaciones tecnológicas en el surrealismo, y por otra, la dimensión ficcional de la propia ciencia y de lo fantástico considerado desde la asimilación surrealista de la cultura popular, especialmente del cine. En estos aspectos científicos y populares concretos de la sensibilidad surrealista pueden hallarse, precisamente, los puntos de encuentro entre este y la ciencia ficción, e identificar las mitologías compartidas que confluyen y se ponen de manifiesto en sus respectivos campos. Y con ello, ampliar los contextos de estudio del surrealismo histórico.
EL MONASTERIO DE NUESTRA SEÑORA DE PRADO DE VALLADOLID Y EL LINAJE DE LOS INFANTES DE GRANADA: INTERVENCIONES Y PATRONAZGO
Authors: Herguedas Vela Miguel , Pascual Molina Jesús F.
Published: January 2023

Los infantes de Granada, don Juan y don Fernando –hijos de Muley Hacen y su esposa, la cristiana convertida al islam Zoraya (Isabel de Solís)–, gozaron de la protección de los Reyes Católicos y lograron emparentar con las élites castellanas. Convertidos al cristianismo, ejercieron su patronazgo sobre la capilla mayor del monasterio jerónimo de Nuestra Señora de Prado de Valladolid, que devino panteón de la familia. En este texto se aportan nuevos datos para conocer las acciones que los Granada emprendieron a lo largo del siglo XVI para dotar y embellecer el lugar de descanso eterno de sus cuerpos en lo que no fue solo un simple enterramiento, sino la proyección de su integración en la sociedad nobiliaria.
CUANDO EL HABLA ESTÁ AUSENTE: CRÍTICA INSTITUCIONAL Y MEMORIA HISTÓRICA EN LA OBRA CARTA A ANGELINA ESTÉVEZ (2008), DE MARIA EICHHORN
Authors: De Llano Neira Pedro
Published: January 2023

Este artículo está dedicado a una obra realizada por Maria Eichhorn (Bamberg, 1962) en Vigo en 2008. Carta a Angelina Estévez es representativa de un momento de cambio en la trayectoria de esta artista alemana, que ha sido reconocida como una de las principales exponentes de las prácticas posconceptuales contemporáneas, en especial en lo que tiene que ver con la reformulación de la crítica institucional. En la primera parte, se contextualiza y documenta el proceso de la obra, que ejemplifica la importancia de los archivos en el arte actual. En la segunda, se analiza la obra a través de un doble marco teórico, que contempla las teorías del filósofo Derrida sobre los conceptos de “suplemento” y “herencia”, por un lado, y los debates historiográficos alrededor de la “memoria histórica”, por otro, para dar lugar, en la última sección de este estudio, a una reflexión sobre la relación crítica que establece Carta a Angelina Estévez con el medio escultórico y la idea de monumento.
EDUCACIÓN Y PRAXIS ARTÍSTICO-VISUAL DE LA NOBLEZA HISPANA EN LOS TRATADOS Y PLANES DE ESTUDIOS DEL SIGLO XVIII
Authors: González Ramos Roberto
Published: January 2023

La educación artística y en la praxis artístico-visual de la nobleza en la España del siglo XVIII se refleja en diversas fuentes, continuando o cambiando los presupuestos desarrollados en centurias anteriores. Los tratados de educación de las elites, e incluso los planes de estudios de instituciones centradas en la educación aristocrática, nos señalan las líneas principales de un conocimiento y ejercicio de las artes visuales que se convirtieron finalmente en una de las caracterizaciones culturales más sobresalientes del estamento nobiliario.
HUELLAS E INDICIOS: IMAGEN E IMAGINARIOS DEL CUERPO EN EL ARTE MEDIEVAL
Authors: Lahoz Gutiérrez Mª Lucía
Published: January 2023

En este artículo se traza un recorrido sobre el cuerpo y sus imágenes medievales, con especial énfasis en la escultura, representación tridimensional que potencia la experiencia corpórea, y la recepción activa de sus perfomaciones. Portadas monumentales y sepulcros son empeños institucionales y personales, públicos y privados, que cubren necesidades de representación del poder, capaces de generar ritos y fenómenos sociales. Ello demuestra la reciprocidad arte/vida, arte/realidad, y descubre el cuerpo, no sólo dotado de gestualidad moralizada y cubierto de ropajes simbólicos, sino proyectado desde las miradas educadas por esas representaciones, filtradas por valores implicados en situaciones políticas de época (la nuestra, y las del pasado que observamos en sus vestigios). De manera que, el propio cuerpo, se construye como imagen histórica y cultural, que vela el cuerpo biológico o natural, materializando ideologías
Ver es creer. La Inmaculada Concepción y España en el siglo XVII. Pablo González Tornel, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Col. Historia del Arte, Serie Biblioteca de Historia del Arte, 34, Madrid, 2021. 201 págs. ISBN 978-84-00-10815-1
Authors: Taín Guzmán Miguel
Published: January 2023

Reseña de la nueva y valiente monografía de Pablo González Tornel, actual director del Museo de Bellas Artes de Valencia, sobre la Inmaculada Concepción y sus implicaciones devocionales, artísticas e iconográficas en la España del barroco. La misma es fruto del trabajo, reflexiones e investigaciones desarrollados por el autor gracias al comisariado de la exposición Intacta María. Política y religiosidad en la España Barroca (Valencia, Generalitat Valenciana, 2017), celebrada en el citado museo. Como es ampliamente conocido, España es el país en el que la doctrina concepcionista tuvo un mayor peso social, una devoción de origen medieval que no se convirtió en dogma de fe de la Iglesia hasta la publicación de la bula Innefabilis Deus por el papa Pío IX en 1854.
Arte ecosocial. Otras maneras de pensar, hacer y sentir. Tonia Raquejo, Verónica Perales (Eds.), Plaza y Valdés Editores, S. L., 2022. 337 págs. ISBN 978-84-17121-50-1
Authors: Linaza Vivanco Genoveva
Published: January 2023

El libro Arte Ecosocial. Otras maneras de pensar, hacer y sentir, recoge las reflexiones de un grupo de artistas, docentes e investigadoras que abordan la problemática y necesidad de cambio que, como especie, debemos abordar para habitar nuestro entorno de forma sostenible. Las prácticas artísticas aquí presentadas se convierten en eficaces mediadoras entre nuestro hábitat, la cultura, la política y la sociedad, subrayando la interconexión e inevitable interdependencia entre las partes. El conjunto de estos textos que forman el presente libro son el resultado de un hacer común desarrollado en un proyecto I+D+I titulado «Arte y cognición corporeizada en los proyectos de creación: sensibilización ecológica del yo en el entorno» HAR2017-85485-P con sede en la Facultad de Bellas Artes UCM.
Procida, isola del re: splendori e crisi di un Sito Reale nel regno di Napoli tra XVIII e XIX secolo
Authors: Di Liello Salvatore
Published: January 2023

Antico possedimento dei da Procida e poi dei Cossa, Procida fu feudo dei d’Avalos tra il 1504 e il 1734, anno in cui rientrò nei beni della corona borbonica che inaugurò nell’isola l’amministrazione dei Siti Reali, presto estesa a molti territori del regno di Napoli. Se la retorica dell’isola del re è stata al centro di studi, meno note sono le vicende del Sito Reale di Procida successive ai fasti dell’età borbonica (1734-1806). Mentre le numerose Caccette, almeno durante l’Ottocento, conservarono i caratteri architettonici e paesaggistici, diverso fu il destino del palazzo reale di Procida, un’idea vagheggiata per alcuni decenni, ma che non trovò seguito nel futuro del Sito Reale, a cominciare dai primi anni del XIX secolo.
Evaluation of the factors affecting opening-closing performance of wooden cabinet doors
Authors: Erdinler Emine Seda , Seker Sedanur , Hazır Ender , Koc Kucuk Huseyin
Published: January 2023

This study determined the deflection performance of wooden cabinet doors during opening and closing by using different material types, opening-closing angle, and load force. The independent variables consisted of material type, opening-closing angle, and load force, and the dependent variable was determined as deflection value. Medium density fiberboard (MDF) and particleboard (PB), both melamine faced, were used as two different material types. Opening and closing angles and directions of forces were performed as directed in BS EN 16122 (2012) and TSE EN 9215 (2005) and the doors were loaded by forces of 300N, 375N and 450N. The factors affecting deflection value and the interaction between them were investigated by multivariate analysis of variance. The results showed that the material type, angle, load force, and the mean between the material type and load force was significant. As the loading force increased, the deflection value increased. As the moisture increased, the deflection value increased, and as the material density increased, deflection value decreased. The adequacy of models was evaluated by the R-square (R²) and Adjusted R-square (Adj-R2) values. The results for these values were 88.23% and 86.58%, respectively.
Some Remarks on Bernardo Segni’s Translation of Ethica Nicomachea
Authors: Cufalo Domenico
Published: January 2023

In the middle of the sixteenth century, Bernardo Segni (Florence, 1504 – Florence, 1588) published some Italian translations with commentaries on some works of Aristotle. He was not a scholar nor did he have a university affiliation nor could he boast a deep knowledge of Greek language, but he worked in the cultural climate of Duke of the Florentine Republic Cosimo I (Florence, 1519 – Florence, 1574) and of the Florentine Academy, whose aim was to raise the cultural centrality of Florence and its dialect. In this paper I analyze some passages of his translation and commentary on Aristotle’s Ethica Nicomachea (Florence 1550; reprint Venice 1551). Through this examination some characteristics of the author’s work emerge, such as his didactic purposes, which may be related to the type of his audience, his (poor) knowledge of classical authors and sources, and his tendency towards continuous dialogue with the present.
Emotional Violence from the Page to the Screen: Moral Abuse and Psychological Manipulation in The Age of Innocence from Edith Wharton to Martin Scorsese
Authors: Festa Beatrice Melodia
Published: January 2023

Martin Scorsese declared that The Age of Innocence is the most violent film he ever made. This contribution aims to examine Scorsese’s representation of emotional violence on screen as opposed to Wharton’s illustration of psychological and emotional abuse in the novel. The essay aims to explore violence in The Age of Innocence, represented both in the novel and in the film as a subtle and crucial theme, so as to examine how Scorsese’s adaptation contrasts with Wharton’s narrative. As such, this interpretation aims to prove how The Age of Innocence stands apart, because of its significance in Scorsese’s career, and how both novel and film go way beyond the conventions of romance by illustrating female emancipation through an exquisite display of moral abuse and psychological manipulation, which Scorsese re-elaborates on screen through a devastating sense of moral frustration. Charting parallels between the novel and the film, the analysis will show how Scorsese re-elaborates a non-graphic form of violence, earlier outlined in the novel by Wharton, through a devastating visual tension. Ultimately, this analysis seeks to offer a reinterpretation of Wharton’s novel through Scorsese’s film adaptation.
Ligações perigosas
Authors: Tejada Bruna Vitória , Vinhas Luciana Iost
Published: January 2023

Na formação social atual, dominada pelo capitalismo em sua versão neoliberal, notícias referentes a práticas de reprodução da violência contra a mulher têm se tornado frequentes. Essas práticas ganham diferentes formas, sendo possível, inclusive, observar a reprodução dessa violência através do discurso humorístico, naturalizado socialmente como espaço onde tudo pode ser dito. Tomamos como centro da nossa discussão sobre a relação entre violência contra a mulher e discurso um vídeo produzido por um humorista brasileiro, no qual, através do modo riso, coloca em circulação discursos que mantém a relação de dominação calcada na diferença entre homem e mulher. O presente estudo apresenta como objetivo principal refletir sobre a relação entre humor, violência contra a mulher e funcionamento discursivo, tendo como objeto o vídeo produzido por Danilo Gentili em resposta à deputada Maria do Rosário. Para a discussão, mobilizamos autores de diferentes campos do conhecimento, os quais trabalham teoricamente com a questão da violência, para, em diálogo com o material de análise, desenvolver uma concepção discursiva sobre a opressão de gênero, em relação com as modalidades de subjetivação propostas por Michel Pêcheux. Tal proposta se alinha à questão mais ampla colocada em jogo no estudo, a saber, a forma naturalizada como discursos discriminatórios (e, portanto, violentos) são colocados em circulação na formação social brasileira. Apesar das diferentes opressões a que as mulheres são submetidas, entendemos que a resistência ainda é possível de ocorrer, através de diferentes práticas que permitem a reivindicação pelo fim das diferentes violências que circundam o ser mulher nesta sociedade.
Az „Alsóban az élet” című hazai talajállapotot célzó közösségi tudomány program első tapasztalatai és eredményei
Authors: Árvai Mátyás , Takáts Tünde , Kovács Zsófia Adrienn , Takács Katalin , Balog Kitti , László Péter , Imréné Takács Tünde , Mészáros János , Pásztor László
Published: January 2023

A közösségi tudomány – citizen science – már évtizedek óta működő kutatási forma, ahol egy-egy kutatás a lakosság segítségével valósul meg. Az „Alsóban az élet” kampány az érdeklődők bevonásával 2021 tavaszán indult hazánkban. A kutatásban résztvevők kézhez kaptak egy pamut alsóneműt, amelyet kb. 20 cm-es mélységben kellett elásniuk, ezzel „táplálékot” szolgáltatva a talajlakó élőlények számára. Több mint két hónap elteltével az alsónemű kiásása után megfigyelhetők a bomlási jelek, amelyek mint indikátor jelzik a talajélet aktivitását, közvetett módon a talaj egészségi állapotát. A visszamaradt alsóneműk digitális fotójának elemzésével becsülhető a talajlakó élőlények munkája az alsónadrágok bomlásának százalékos aránya alapján.

A közösségi médiában megjelent felhívások és célzott csoporthirdetések segítségével mintegy 1193-an jelentkeztek a programra összesen 1966 helyszínnel, ezzel országos lefedettséget biztosítva a kutatás részére. Az adatok elemzése alapján a gondozott konyhakertekben elásott pamut alsók mutatták a legnagyobb átlagos bomlási értékeket (27,67%). Talajtípust tekintve a réti talajok és a közép- és délkeleteurópai barna erdő-, valamint a csernozjom-, és a váztalajok (köztük nagyrészt a humuszos homoktalajok) esetén tapasztaltuk a legmagasabb, közel azonos, 25,47%; 25,43%; 24,22%; 24,21%-os bomlási értéket. A programban résztvevő helyszínek közül a legnagyobb mértékű bomlás (93%) konyhakert hasznosítású (mulcsozott veteményes és polikultúra ágyás) váztalajon (homoktalajon) volt megfigyelhető. Az országos átlagos bomlási érték 24,57% volt. A bomlási adatok alapján eredménytérképet szerkesztettünk Magyarország teljes területére, melyet nyilvánossá tettünk, s a résztvevőknek a visszaküldött fotó feldolgozása alapján rövid, a saját talajának biológiai aktivitását minősítő válaszlevelet küldtünk.
The dissemination of science news in social media platforms during the COVID-19 crisis: Characteristics and selection criteria
Authors: Maniou Theodora-A. , Papa Venetia
Published: January 2023

This study explores the specific characteristics of science news stories posted on social media platforms during the first phase of the global pandemic crisis (the first semester of 2020). The focus of the study is to enhance our understanding of the selection criteria for science-related news content posted on social media platforms. Our approach takes into consideration the evolving technological environment of these platforms and the new relationships between media professionals and social media users. Our findings indicate that, under specific circumstances, scientific discoveries may be prioritized in the selection of news stories. We also suggest specific additions to the framework proposed by Harcup and O’Neil (2017), indicating that news stories during crisis situations are more internationally oriented, where audience proximity is created not around “nearby” events but those occurring in other countries around the world. In times of crisis, the main target of news stories is not simply to attract the audience’s interest with classic clickbait tactics but to respond to the immediate socio-political context in a meaningful way.
INVESTIGATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF SPECIMEN MANUFACTURING PARAMETERS BY THE SELECTIVE LASER MELTING (SLP) METHOD AND COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ALUMINUM ALLOY AlSi10Mg
Authors: Adjamskiy S. , Kononenko G. , Podolskyi R.
Published: January 2023

Purpose. To work out the modes of manufacturing samples from aluminum alloy AlSi10Mg with a layer thickness of 40 microns using SLP technology, studying their mechanical properties, and comparing them with the traditional method of production.

Research methods. To determine the structural state of  alloys, optical microscopy was used, granulometric analysis was performed using a scanning electron microscope, mechanical properties were determined according to the standard method using a tearing machine; porosity was determined based on the results of microstructural analysis as a percentage of the area occupied by pores.

Results. It was established that when the scanning speed is increased to 1200 mm/s, the distance between the tracks plays a significant role in obtaining high density. From the analysis of mechanical properties, it was established that the samples made by SLP technology have a higher value of tensile strength by 28%, and smaller plastic characteristics (relative elongation and relative reduction) by 17.4% and 31.7%, respectively, compared to the traditional production method.

Scientific novelty.  The dependence of the change in the density of the experimental samples made by the SLP technology with AlSi10Mg on the manufacturing parameters is shown. It was established that at a scanning speed of 1000...1100 mm/s, the pore size is on average from 2...7 μm and for samples made at a scanning speed of 1200 mm/s - from 1 to 5 μm.

Practical value.  Application of the obtained results will lead to the manufactured parts with increased strength characteristics.
Contextualising the marriage of Bona Sforza to Sigismund I of Poland: Maximilian I’s diplomacy in Italy and Central Europe
Authors: Von Güttner-Sporzyński Darius
Published: January 2023

This article will focus on the circumstances which contributed to the 1517 dynastic marriage of Bona Sforza of Milan to Sigismund I the Elder of Poland. It will examine the decline of Sforza and Neapolitan Aragon influence on the Apennine Peninsula in the face of Valois and Habsburg claims to supremacy. This article aims to place Habsburg diplomatic manoeuvring to secure the installation of Maximillian I’s niece as Queen of Poland in the context of Habsburg-Valois rivalry in Italy and Habsburg ambitions for dominance in Central Europe where they challenged the Jagiellon dynasts of Bohemia and Hungary, and of Poland and Lithuania. This article will demonstrate that the contracting of the Sforza-Jagiellon marriage was initiated by Maximillian I as an extension of a deliberate and assertive Habsburg policy. Habsburg policy objectives included removal of the prime claimant to the throne of Milan and the placing of a queen acquiescent to Habsburg strategy at the Jagiellon court in Poland. This article will conclude that the marriage was used by the Habsburgs as a dynastic and political tool to limit the Jagiellon dynasty’s power and authority in Central Europe.
CENTRIFUGAL HIGH-TEMPERATURE SYNTHESIS OF Cox-CrNbWMoAlC CAST ALLOYS
Authors: Andreev Dmitrii E. , Zakharov K. V. , Yukhvid V. I. , Schukin A. S. , Golosova O. A.
Published: January 2023

Cox-CrNbWMoAlC cast high-temperature materials were prepared from mixtures containing Co3O4/Cr2O3/Nb2O5/WO3/MoO3/Al/C and additive of 5% Al2O3 by centrifugal self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS). As Co3O4 + Al was added, the burning velocity grew by five times. CrNbWMoAlC alloy was shown to have a multiphase structure consisting of NbC, Cr23C6, and Cr0.53Mo0.14Al0.33. Introduction of Co3O4 and Al was found to yield Cox-CrNbWMoAlC alloy with a dendritic structure containing Co and NbC phases as a basis.
Nd-modified BaSn oxide nanorods and their photocatalytic activity toward gentian violet
Authors: Cong Qianmin , Feng Chenxu , Tao Feihu , Zhou Jiong , Wang Xiaoyu , Pei Lizhai
Published: January 2023

Neodymium (Nd)-modified barium tin (BaSn) oxide composite nanorods (NdBSCNRs) with different neodymium contents were synthesized by using an in situ photodeposition process. The composite nanorods were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, solid diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The composite nanorods consist of monoclinic barium hexahydroxy stannate (BaSn(OH)6), orthorhombic tin (IV) oxide (SnO2), monoclinic barium hydroxide (Ba(OH)2), cubic neodymium (III) oxide (Nd2O3) and hexagonal neodymium phases. The composite nanorods, with diameters of 50–150 nm and a polycrystalline structure, are covered with nanoparticles with a size of about 50 nm. Compared with the band gap of barium tin oxide composite nanorods (BSCNRs), that of the NdBSCNRs decreases to 3.34 eV, increasing the light absorption ability. The NdBSCNRs exhibit enhanced photocatalytic performance toward gentian violet (GV) under ultraviolet light illumination owing to neodymium modification. The photocatalytic activity of the NdBSCNRs is closely related to the dosage of composite nanorods and neodymium content. The reaction rate constant k value of the NdBSCNRs for GV degradation increases obviously, with the highest k value (0.037 min−1) being 7.4 times that (0.005 min−1) of the BSCNRs. Superoxide ion radicals, hydroxyl radicals and holes are the main reactive species, and NdBSCNRs are stable and recoverable for GV degradation.
Modifying the optical properties of hydrogen-beam-irradiated flexible PVA polymeric films
Authors: Alotaibi Badriah M , Atta Ali , Atta Mervat R , Abdeltwab Eslam , Abdel-Hamid Mostafa M
Published: January 2023

In this study, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) films were irradiated with hydrogen beams with fluences of 8 × 1017, 16 × 1017 and 24 × 1017 ions/cm2 using a handmade cold beam ion source. The resulting changes in the structural characteristics and functional groups of irradiated PVA films were studied using the X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy methods, respectively. Besides, the optical bandgaps and Urbach energies of untreated and irradiated PVA were calculated using Tauc’s equation. The tail is 1.29 eV for PVA, which improved to 1.59 and 4.17 eV when PVA was exposed to 8 × 1017 and 24 × 1017 ions/cm2 beams, respectively. Furthermore, the parameters of untreated and treated samples, including refractive index, extinction coefficient, conductivities and permittivity, were calculated. Furthermore, the dispersion characteristics of unirradiated and treated films were evaluated. With an increase in hydrogen fluence from 8 × 1017 to 24 × 1017 ions/cm2, the relaxation time was reduced from 2.75 × 10−14 to 0.045 × 10−14 s. Moreover, the optical susceptibility of pure and treated PVA was calculated. The modification induced in the optical characteristics of the irradiated films suggests that these films can be applied in different uses such as in optoelectronic devices.
Concessive scalar particles: Symmetric vs. non-symmetric alternatives. The case of Spanish siquiera
Authors: Alonso-Ovalle Luis , Heredia Murillo Elizabeth
Published: January 2023

Polarity items have been analyzed as existential quantifiers that introduce alternatives into the semantic derivation (Krifka 1991; 1995; Kratzer & Shimoyama 2002; Chierchia 2013). Under this approach, variation in the polarity system can be reduced to variation in the types of alternatives that polarity items introduce (Chierchia 2013). We present a case of dialectal variation within the polarity system that can be treated along these lines. The paper focuses on Spanish siquiera, a concessive scalar particle. Concessive scalar particles (Slovenian magari, Greek esto, and Spanish siquiera) (Crnič 2011a; b) are polarity items licensed in a variety of downward entailing environments, where they can be paraphrased with English even, and in modal environments, where they can be paraphrased with English at least. The paper shows that the interpretation and distribution of Spanish siquiera differs between Iberian and Andean Spanish. We propose that siquiera shares the same assertive core across dialects, but differs in the types of alternatives that it introduces.
Hypothesis of the nature of cross-sectional shape distortion of the cold-pilgering mill die groove during dry pipe rolling
Authors: Pilipenko S. V.
Published: January 2023

The paper provides results on the further development of a method for calculating heat emissions during plastic strain in its instantaneous deformation zone in the course of cold pilgering of pipes, such as the ones that affect the working tool deflection in coldpilgering mills and mechanical properties of wrought pipe metal. It was determined that a decrease in the cross-sectional depth of the coldpilgering mill die groove due to thermal distortions (thermal effect) caused by plastic strain of a pipe in the instantaneous deformation zone is in direct proportion to the distance of the die groove longitudinal section considered to the roll barrel edge. It was found that sections located closer to the roll barrel receive thermal distortion of a lesser degree. A method is proposed for thermal distortion compensation in roll-pass design calculation. Experiments on applying marks on the roll barrel surface near the groove taper showed that the maximum galling of marks takes place directly near tapers. This indicates the local nature of thermal expansion. Dependencies are presented to determine the value of tool geometry variation depending on the heating temperature. The presented dependencies were tested experimentally and were introduced as a basis for developing the method of calculating the transversal die groove parameters for the cold-pilgering mill taking into account local thermal expansion in the instantaneous deformation zone. The inferred law allows taking into account the influence of cold pilgering peculiarities on the variation of the die groove cross-section geometry in the cold-pilgering mill, pipe dimensions and performance parameters.
Statistical analysis of the distribution of impurities during copper electrorefining
Authors: Ostanin N. I. , Rudoy V. M. , Demin I. P. , Ostanina T. N. , Nikitin V. S.
Published: January 2023

Electrolytic copper refining makes it possible to obtain high purity metal, so the analysis of the main ways of impurity transition into electrolysis products is an actual problem. If it is solved, the process can be controlled when changing the composition of raw materials and, as a result, the content of impurities in the anodes. This paper uses the comprehensive analysis and synchronization of a large array of data on impurities concentrations in various process media (anodes, electrolyte, slime, and cathode metal) obtained on the series of commercial cells to identify the directions of impurity flows and relationship between their content in these media. It is shown that the transition of impurities from one process medium (source) to another (receiver) is implemented according to four main patterns: linear increase, no visible dependence, the presence of a limit concentration in the receiver and the presence of a threshold concentration in the source. The paper provides the results obtained in the statistical analysis of the distribution of six impurities (bismuth, arsenic, lead, sulfur, nickel and silver) belonging to different groups in four main pairs of the impurity source – receiver: anode – solution, anode – slime, slime – cathode, solution – cathode. The coefficients of linear regression equations are determined and their significance is estimated for all dependencies of the impurity concentration in the source on the content in the receiver. The coefficients obtained make it possible to explain the impurity transition paths observed in the commercial cells and predict the quality of cathode copper and the composition of slimes when the anode composition changes. The calculations showed that impurities are accumulated in cathodes due to the occlusion of slime particles and incomplete solution removal from the surface of commercial cathodes rather than due to electrochemical reactions. The copper electrorefining technology should be improved and developed so as to find surface-active additives that would prevent the adsorption of suspended slime particles on the cathode surface, as well as better wash them from the electrolyte.
Heat treatment effect on corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of EP718 precipitation-hardened nickel-based alloy
Authors: Alekseeva E. L. , Ermakov B. S. , Gyulikhandanov E. L. , Alhimenko A. A. , Lapechenkov A. А. , Galata L.
Published: January 2023

The paper investigates the effect of heat treatment modes on the corrosion resistance and strength properties of the EP718 precipitation-hardened nickel-based alloy originally developed for the aircraft industry and currently used in the oil and gas industry. The effect of the annealing temperature (980–1130 °C), holding time (1–2 h) and the time of intermediate and final aging (4–20 h) at 780 °C and 650 °C was studied. It was found that EP718 alloy strength and corrosion properties are determined by the hardening temperature. Highest strength properties are achieved at a hardening temperature of 980 °C (yield strength σy = 950 MPa) due to a higher grain score equal to 3.5 and the presence of inclusions of different size. However, in this case corrosion rate reaches V = 5.88 g/(m2·h). The temperature of 1130 °C ensures the best corrosion performance (V = 2.04 g/(m2·h)) due to the dissolution of undesirable phases (volume fraction of non-metallic inclusions is 0.47 %), but strength performance is reduced (σy = 756 MPa) in this case as a result of the lower grain score – 2.7. Aging mode consisting of an intermediate aging stage with holding at t = 780 °C for 5 h and a final stage at 650 °C for 16 h with air cooling ensures maximum hardening, which is expressed in an increase in hardness to 37.5–38.5 HRC. Electrochemical studies demonstrated that an increase in the aging time leads to a decrease in the stability of the passive state.
In blessed memory of Yu.S. Karabasov
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: January 2023

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Viscosity of molten salts based on the LiF–BeF2 system
Authors: Tkacheva O. Yu. , Rudenko A. V. , Kataev A. A. , Mushnikov P. N. , Kholkina A. S. , Zaikov Yu. P.
Published: January 2023

Rotational viscometry with the FRS 1600 (Anton Paar, Austria) high-temperature rheometer was used to obtain temperature dependences of the dynamic viscosity of molten lithium and beryllium fluoride salts considered as candidate fuel and coolant compositions for the molten salt reactor (MSR) for burning long-lived actinides from the spent nuclear fuel of the PWR 1000/1200 pressurized water reactor. 0.66LiF–0.34BeF2 and (0.73LiF–0.27BeF2)+UF4 molten salt mixtures containing 1 and 2 mol.% UF4 were investigated with regard to the MSR intermediate and fuel circuits. Salt mixtures were prepared by the direct melting of components and certified using X-ray phase and elemental analysis. The «shear rate» parameter was selected according to the viscosity curves obtained in the studied melts at 700 °C. It was found that the viscosity does not depend on the shear rate in the range of γ = 6÷20 s–1. When measuring the temperature dependence of viscosity, the shear rate was 11 s–1. Viscosity values of LiF–BeF2–UF4 melts obtained from experiments in the temperature range from liquidus to 800 °C are described by the linear equation logη = a + b/t, but their temperature coefficients differ evidently, which indicates a significant dependence of the viscosity of these melts on composition and temperature. Viscosity values obtained for the 0.66LiF–0.34BeF2 melt agree with the available literature data within 7–10 % in the temperature range of 650–750 °C. With an increase in the LiF content, melt viscosity decreases: it is lower by 20 % in the 0.73LiF–0.27BeF2 melt at t = 650 °C. However, when 2 mol.% UF4 is added, the 0.73LiF–0.27BeF2+UF4 fuel salt viscosity increases by 10 % at the same temperature.
Efficiency of using ozone for extraction of metals from mineral raw materials
Authors: Krylova L. N.
Published: January 2023

The paper summarizes the results of studies on the use of ozone for the extraction of non-ferrous, rare and noble metals from ores, beneficiation concentrates and technogenic raw materials identified from world scientific publications and in patent literature since the early 20th century. Ozone is a strong oxidizing agent with an oxidizing potential 1.5 times higher than the potential of chlorine in an acidic environment. Even refractory metals and minerals dissolve with ozone. Metal extraction from mineral raw materials using ozone does not contaminate processed products or generate any hazardous waste. The paper presents a significant number of studies on the use of ozone to dissolve gold and other noble metals in mineral acids showing an increase in the extraction of metals into the solution. The cyanide and thiourea leaching of gold from mineral raw materials with the replacement of oxygen with ozone was investigated. The paper provides the results of the vat and heap leaching of non-ferrous and noble metals using ozone obtained by air or oxygen irradiation with ultraviolet light, in particular with the use of photoelectrochemical treatment. These results were used as a basis for patenting new technologies. The effectiveness of ozone used in the flotation concentration of mineral raw materials, purification and detoxification of solutions and solid products of metallurgical processing, regeneration of other oxidants, metal extraction from process solutions was evaluated. The results of studies on using ozone for the vat leaching of metals from refractory sulfide ores and sulfide beneficiation concentrates in an acid solution, and the study of the ozone-assisted oxidation kinetics of copper, iron, zinc, and molybdenum sulfide minerals are summarized. The paper provides and analyzes the results of using ozone in a combination with other oxidants – hydrogen peroxide and iron (III) ions – for metal extraction from sulfide mineral raw materials in a sulfuric acid. According to the results of most of the studies carried out, it can be concluded that the use of ozone is effective for metal extraction from mineral raw materials as it improves process performance (metal extraction into the solution, selectivity of metal extraction from complex raw materials), and reduces processing time.
Analysis of temperature-deformation conditions for rolling aluminum alloy Al–Mg–Sc based on FEM modeling
Authors: Gamin Yu. V. , Galkin S. P. , Nguyen X. D. , Akopyan T. K.
Published: January 2023

The article discusses the features of Al–Mg–Sc aluminum alloy radial shear rolling (RSR). The RSR process was modeled by the finite element method in the QForm 3D program with the variable elongation ratio per pass and rolling speed. The results obtained were used as a basis for studying the temperature field of the rod in the deformation zone taking into account the cyclic nature of deformation and the configuration of flow paths. It was found that the temperature field in the deformation zone is determined by significant differences in the metal flow path geometry in surface layers and in the axial zone. When the elongation ratio is varied from 1.6 to 2.4, heating occurs inconsistently from the center to the surface. The highest temperature rise occurs for an area that is located ~0.3R from the surface. For the axial zone, temperature variation in the deformation zone occurs smoothly and with an insignificant temperature difference of 5–10 °C. Highest temperature fluctuations are observed on the rod surface, and this is explained by deformation heating and simultaneous contact with a cold roll during each deformation cycle. As the rolling speed decreases, a picture of the rod temperature field distribution in the deformation zone is observed with the temperature in central layers exceeding the surface temperature. Due to the long time of the rod contact with the roll, the surface temperature fluctuates up to 40–50 °C at each deformation cycle. As the rolling speed rises, the amplitude of temperature fluctuations on the surface decreases, and deformation heating increases. The data obtained on the relationship between control process parameters and rod temperature field variation can be useful in the design of rolling process modes.
Effect of high-energy ball milling on the microstructure, phase composition and microhardness of the Al–Mn–Cu alloy
Authors: Yakovtseva O. A. , Prosviryakov A. S. , Cheverikin V. V. , Zanaeva E. N. , Mikhaylovskaya A. V.
Published: January 2023

X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy methods were used to study the effect of the planetary ball mill treatment time on the morphology, phase composition and microstructure of the Al–Mn–Cu-based alloy granules with and without nanodiamond particles. The phase composition of the alloy was determined by X-ray diffraction after casting and milling for 5–20 h. It was shown that nanodiamond particles promote granule coarsening, and this is especially noticeable with an increase in the milling time up to 20 h. At the same time, the size of initial alloy granules weakly depends on the processing time. Cu-bearing phases of crystallization origin dissolve during mechanical alloying. The lattice constant of the aluminum solid solution decreases after 5-hour treatment to 0.4028–0.4030 nm, and increases with further increasing milling time. Exothermic effects associated with the precipitation of secondary phases were revealed for mechanically alloyed granules during heating. An increase in the milling time reduces the intensity of peaks. The solidus temperature of samples decreased after mechanical alloying. For the nanodiamond-bearing sample, an exothermic effect is observed which can be ascribed to the aluminum carbide formation or oxidation reactions in nanodiamond particles. The maximum microhardness is achieved after 5–10 h of mechanical alloying, and the nanodiamond particles slightly increase the maximum microhardness from 316 to 330 HV. The results indicate the dissolution of copper and manganese in the aluminum solid solution after 5 h of treatment and their precipitation with the increasing milling time. Nanodiamond particles have no effect on the dissolution of elements but accelerate the solid solution decomposition with the increasing treatment time.