bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fusing graph transformer with multi-aggregate GCN for enhanced drug–disease associations prediction
Authors: He Shihui , Yun Lijun , Yi Haicheng
Published: February 2024

Background

Identification of potential drug–disease associations is important for both the discovery of new indications for drugs and for the reduction of unknown adverse drug reactions. Exploring the potential links between drugs and diseases is crucial for advancing biomedical research and improving healthcare. While advanced computational techniques play a vital role in revealing the connections between drugs and diseases, current research still faces challenges in the process of mining potential relationships between drugs and diseases using heterogeneous network data.

Results

In this study, we propose a learning framework for fusing Graph Transformer Networks and multi-aggregate graph convolutional network to learn efficient heterogenous information graph representations for drug–disease association prediction, termed WMAGT. This method extensively harnesses the capabilities of a robust graph transformer, effectively modeling the local and global interactions of nodes by integrating a graph convolutional network and a graph transformer with self-attention mechanisms in its encoder. We first integrate drug–drug, drug–disease, and disease–disease networks to construct heterogeneous information graph. Multi-aggregate graph convolutional network and graph transformer are then used in conjunction with neural collaborative filtering module to integrate information from different domains into highly effective feature representation.

Conclusions

Rigorous cross-validation, ablation studies examined the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed method. Experimental results demonstrate that WMAGT outperforms other state-of-the-art methods in accurate drug–disease association prediction, which is beneficial for drug repositioning and drug safety research.
Lateral line system diversification during the early stages of ecological speciation in cichlid fish
Authors: Edgley Duncan E. , Carruthers Madeleine , Gabagambi Nestory P. , Saxon Andrew D. , Smith Alan M. , Joyce Domino A. , Vernaz Grégoire , Santos M. Emília , Turner George F. , Genner Martin J.
Published: February 2024

Background

The mechanosensory lateral line system is an important sensory modality in fishes, informing multiple behaviours related to survival including finding food and navigating in dark environments. Given its ecological importance, we may expect lateral line morphology to be under disruptive selection early in the ecological speciation process. Here we quantify the lateral line system morphology of two ecomorphs of the cichlid fish Astatotilapia calliptera in crater Lake Masoko that have diverged from common ancestry within the past 1,000 years.

Results

Based on geometric morphometric analyses of CT scans, we show that the zooplanktivorous benthic ecomorph that dominates the deeper waters of the lake has large cranial lateral line canal pores, relative to those of the nearshore invertebrate-feeding littoral ecomorph found in the shallower waters. In contrast, fluorescence imaging revealed no evidence for divergence between ecomorphs in the number of either superficial or canal neuromasts. We illustrate the magnitude of the variation we observe in Lake Masoko A. calliptera in the context of the neighbouring Lake Malawi mega-radiation that comprises over 700 species.

Conclusions

These results provide the first evidence of divergence in this often-overlooked sensory modality in the early stages of ecological speciation, suggesting that it may have a role in the broader adaptive radiation process.
Unprofessional behaviour of GP residents leading to a dismissal dispute: characteristics and outcomes of those who appeal
Authors: Godschalx-Dekker Judith A. , Sijbom Charlotte A. M. , Barnhoorn Pieter C. , van Mook Walther N. K. A.
Published: February 2024

Background

Recognition of poor performance in General Practice trainees is important because underperformance compromises patients’ health and safety. However, in General Practice, research on persistent underperformance while in training and its ultimate consequences is almost completely lacking. We aim to explore the unprofessional behaviours of residents in General Practice who were dismissed from training and who litigated against dismissal.

Methods

We performed a structured analysis using open-source data from all General Practice cases before the Conciliation Board of the Royal Dutch Medical Association between 2011 and 2020. Anonymised law cases about residents from all Dutch GP training programmes were analysed in terms of the quantitative and qualitative aspects related to performance.

Results

Between 2011 and 2020, 24 residents who were dismissed from training challenged their programme director’s decision. Dismissed residents performed poorly in several competencies, including communication, medical expertise and most prominently, professionalism. Over 90% of dismissed residents failed on professionalism. Most lacked self-awareness and/or failed to profit from feedback. Approximately 80% failed on communication, and about 60% on medical expertise as well. A large majority (more than 80%) of dismissed residents had previously participated in some form of remediation.

Conclusions

Deficiencies in both professionalism and communication were the most prevalent findings among the dismissed General Practice residents. These two deficiencies overlapped considerably. Dismissed residents who challenged their programme director’s decision were considered to lack self-awareness, which requires introspection and the appreciation of feedback from others.
Reasons for hospitalisation and cumulative mortality in people, 75 years or older, at high risk of hospital admission: a prospective study
Authors: Lundgren Moa , Segernäs Anna , Nord Magnus , Alwin Jenny , Lyth Johan
Published: February 2024

Background

A small proportion of the older population accounts for a high proportion of healthcare use. For effective use of limited healthcare resources, it is important to identify the group with greatest needs. The aim of this study was to explore frequency and reason for hospitalisation and cumulative mortality, in an older population at predicted high risk of hospital admission, and to assess if a prediction model can be used to identify individuals with the greatest healthcare needs. Furthermore, discharge diagnoses were explored to investigate if they can be used as basis for specific interventions in the high-risk group.

Methods

All residents, 75 years or older, living in Östergötland, Sweden, on January 1st, 2017, were included. Healthcare data from 2016 was gathered and used by a validated prediction model to create risk scores for hospital admission. The population was then divided into groups by percentiles of risk. Using healthcare data from 2017–2018, two-year cumulative incidence of hospitalisation was analysed using Gray´s test. Cumulative mortality was analysed with the Kaplan–Meier method and primary discharge diagnoses were analysed with standardised residuals.

Results

Forty thousand six hundred eighteen individuals were identified (mean age 82 years, 57.8% women). The cumulative incidence of hospitalisation increased with increasing risk of hospital admission (24% for percentiles < 60 to 66% for percentiles 95–100). The cumulative mortality also increased with increasing risk (7% for percentiles < 60 to 43% for percentiles 95–100). The most frequent primary discharge diagnoses for the population were heart diseases, respiratory infections, and hip injuries. The incidence was significantly higher for heart diseases and respiratory infections and significantly lower for hip injuries, for the population with the highest risk of hospital admission (percentiles 85–100).

Conclusions

Individuals 75 years or older, with high risk of hospital admission, were demonstrated to have considerable higher cumulative mortality as well as incidence of hospitalisation. The results support the use of the prediction model to direct resources towards individuals with highest risk scores, and thus, likely the greatest care needs. There were only small differences in discharge diagnoses between the risk groups, indicating that interventions to reduce hospitalisations should be personalised.

Trial registration

clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT03180606, first posted 08/06/2017.
Systematic review of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples’ experiences and supportive care needs associated with cancer
Authors: Gilroy John , Henningham Mandy , Meehan Drew , Nila Farhana , McGlone Joanna , McAtamney Amanda , Whittaker Kate , Brown Bena , Varlow Megan , Buchanan Tanya
Published: February 2024

Background

Persistent disparities exist between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples (the Indigenous peoples of Australia) and non-Indigenous Australians associated with cancer, with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples experiencing a longer time to treatment, higher morbidity rates, and higher mortality rates. This systematic review aimed to investigate findings and recommendations in the literature about the experiences and supportive care needs of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples with cancer in Australia.

Methods

A qualitative systematic review was conducted using thematic analysis. Database searches were conducted in CINAHL, Informit, MEDLINE, ProQuest, Scopus, and Web of Science for articles published between January 2000 and December 2021. There were 91 included studies which were appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. The included studies reported on the experiences of cancer and supportive care needs in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander populations.

Results

Six key themes were determined: Culture, family, and community; cancer outcomes; psychological distress; access to health care; cancer education and awareness; and lack of appropriate data. Culture was seen as a potential facilitator to achieving optimal cancer care, with included studies highlighting the need for culturally safe cancer services and the routine collection of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander status in healthcare settings.

Conclusion

Future work should capitalize on these findings by encouraging the integration of culture in healthcare settings to increase treatment completion and provide a positive experience for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples with cancer.
Efficacy and safety of double endoscopy combined with exploration in the treatment of elderly patients with cholecystolithiasis complicated with choledocholithiasis
Authors: Zhao Jin , Liu Xin , Huang Tao
Published: February 2024

Objective

To investigate the efficacy and safety of laparoscopy combined with choledochoscopy in the treatment of elderly patients with cholecystolithiasis complicated with choledocholithiasis.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of 114 patients admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to January 2023 was conducted. These patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy combined with choledocholithiasis and were divided into an elderly group (≥ 60 years old) of 63 cases and a young and middle-aged group (< 60 years old) of 51 cases according to age. The efficacy and safety indicators of the two groups of patients were observed, and complications were followed up by telephone within 6 months after surgery. The follow-up deadline was June 2023.

Results

Among the eligible patients (53 men, 61 women, average age 57 years), all were successfully operated, and 1 case was converted to laparotomy. The elderly and young and middle-aged groups were compared concerning hospitalisation time, bowel sound recovery time, and total postoperative complications, and the differences were statistically significant (P-values were 0.009, 0.006, and 0.039). However, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups of patients in terms of hospitalisation costs, intraoperative blood loss, operation time, drainage tube removal time, conversion to laparotomy rate, and stone clearance rate (P-values > 0 0.05).

Conclusion

Strict adherence to surgical standards and enhanced postoperative care resulted in similar efficacy and safety results for double endoscopy combined with the exploration of treatment for elderly and young patients with cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis.
Fear of hypoglycemia and illness perception in type II diabetes patients
Authors: Fariba Abdollahi , Amerzadeh Mohammad , Banazadeh Marjan , Rashidi Saba , Myaneh Zahra Tayebi
Published: February 2024

Background

Hypoglycemia, a prevalent acute complication among individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D), manifests with varied symptoms. Those with diabetes who have previously encountered hypoglycemic episodes commonly develop a Fear of Hyperglycemia (FOH). Illness perception (IP) significantly affects self-care behaviors and health outcomes in individuals diagnosed with T2D.

Objective

This study examined the correlation between IP and FOH among T2D patients and predictors of FOH.

Methods

The present study employed a descriptive-analytical design. The target population for this investigation comprised patients diagnosed T2D who sought medical care at the clinic and endocrinology departments of a hospital affiliated with Alborz University of Medical Sciences. The data collection period spanned from August 2019 to March 2021. A total of 300 individuals were included in the sample. Questionnaires were administered to measure both IP and FOH. Statistical analysis was conducted to examine the association between IP and FOH, as well as to identify the predictors of FOH.

Results

The results of the study indicated a statistically significant relationship between FOH and the mean score of IP among patients with diabetes (p = 0.001, r = 0.393), suggesting a moderate positive correlation between these variables. Additionally, the duration of illness, IP, and level of education were identified as variables that predicted FOH (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

The numerous factors that influence FOH in individuals diagnosed with T2D highlight the necessity for strategic planning and training initiatives aimed at enhancing IP and reducing FOH within this specific population. Healthcare providers should prioritize interventions that not only address patients’ concerns but also contribute to the improvement of their overall well-being. By implementing such interventions, healthcare providers can optimize diabetes management strategies and ultimately enhance patient outcomes.
MiR-23a-5p alleviates chronic obstructive pulmonary disease through targeted regulation of RAGE-ROS pathway
Authors: Chang Chenli , Huang Ke , Xu Xia , Duan Ruirui , Yu Tao , Chu Xu , Chen Chen , Li Baicun , Yang Ting
Published: February 2024

Background

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common respiratory disease and represents the third leading cause of death worldwide. This study aimed to investigate miRNA regulation of Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-products (RAGE), a causal receptor in the pathogenesis of cigarette smoke (CS)-related COPD, to guide development of therapeutic strategies.

Methods

RAGE expression was quantified in lung tissue of COPD patients and healthy controls, and in mice with CS-induced COPD. RNA-sequencing of peripheral blood from COPD patients with binding site prediction was used to screen differentially expressed miRNAs that may interact with RAGE. Investigation of miR-23a-5p as a potential regulator of COPD progression was conducted with miR-23a-5p agomir in COPD mice in vivo using histology and SCIREQ functional assays, while miR-23a-5p mimics or RAGE inhibitor were applied in 16-HBE human bronchial epithelial cells in vitro. RNA-sequencing, ELISA, and standard molecular techniques were used to characterize downstream signaling pathways in COPD mice and 16-HBE cells treated with cigarette smoke extract (CSE).

Results

RAGE expression is significantly increased in lung tissue of COPD patients, COPD model mice, and CSE-treated 16-HBE cells, while inhibiting RAGE expression significantly reduces COPD severity in mice. RNA-seq analysis of peripheral blood from COPD patients identified miR-23a-5p as the most significant candidate miRNA interaction partner of RAGE, and miR-23a-5p is significantly downregulated in mice and cells treated with CS or CSE, respectively. Injection of miR-23a-5p agomir leads to significantly reduced airway inflammation and alleviation of symptoms in COPD mice, while overexpressing miR-23a-5p leads to improved lung function. RNA-seq with validation confirmed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling is increased under CSE-induced aberrant upregulation of RAGE, and suppressed in CSE-stimulated cells treated with miR-23a-5p mimics or overexpression. ERK phosphorylation and subsequent cytokine production was also increased under RAGE activation, but inhibited by increasing miR-23a-5p levels, implying that the miR-23a-5p/RAGE/ROS axis mediates COPD pathogenesis via ERK activation.

Conclusions

This study identifies a miR-23a-5p/RAGE/ROS signaling axis required for pathogenesis of COPD. MiR-23a-5p functions as a negative regulator of RAGE and downstream activation of ROS signaling, and can inhibit COPD progression in vitro and in vivo, suggesting therapeutic targets to improve COPD treatment.

Graphical Abstract
Anti-cancer effects of Coix seed extract through KCTD9-mediated ubiquitination of TOP2A in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Jiang Jiuyang , Li Xue , Zhang Chun , Wang Jiafu , Li Jin
Published: February 2024

Background

Coix seed extract (CSE), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been reported as an adjunctive therapy in cancers. However, the molecular targets are largely unclear. The study is designed to unveil its function in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and the possible molecular mechanism.

Methods

The HERB database was utilized to predict the molecular targets of the Coix seed, followed by prognostic value prediction in the Kaplan–Meier Plotter database. LUAD cells were infected with sh-KCTD9 after co-culture with CSE, and cell viability, growth, proliferation, and apoptosis were determined. The substrates of KCTD9 were predicted using a protein–protein interaction network and verified. The expression of PD-L1, the contents of TNF-α, IFN-γ, CXCL10, and CXCL9 in the co-culture system of LUAD cells and T cells and the proliferation of T cells were evaluated to study the immune escape of LUAD cells in response to CSE and sh-KCTD9. Lastly, tumor growth and immune escape were observed in tumor-bearing mice.

Results

CSE inhibited malignant behavior and immune escape of LUAD cells, and the reduction of KCTD9 reversed the inhibitory effect of CSE on malignant behavior and immune escape of LUAD cells. Knockdown of KCTD9 expression inhibited ubiquitination modification of TOP2A, and knockdown of TOP2A suppressed immune escape of LUAD cells in the presence of knockdown of KCTD9. CSE exerted anticancer effects in mice, but the reduction of KCTD9 partially compromised the anticancer effect of CSE.

Conclusion

CSE inhibits immune escape and malignant progression of LUAD through KCTD9-mediated ubiquitination modification of TOP2A.
Incremental values of AOPP, IL-6, and GDF15 for identifying arteriosclerosis in patients with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Li Xinxin , Liu Wen , Wang Yonghuai , Zhao Cuiting , Zhu Qing , Dong Zhishuang , Ma Chunyan
Published: February 2024

Background

The objective of this study was to determine the independent and incremental values of advanced oxidative protein product (AOPP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) in identifying arteriosclerosis in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Methods

A total of 104 individuals diagnosed with OSA by polysomnography were recruited in our study. Arteriosclerosis was defined by measuring the ultrafast pulse wave velocity of the carotid artery. Peripheral venous blood samples were collected to analyze the levels of AOPP, IL-6, and GDF15 utilizing commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.

Results

Compared to OSA patients without arteriosclerosis, those with arteriosclerosis exhibited significantly higher levels of AOPP, IL-6, and GDF15. GDF15 remained significantly associated with arteriosclerosis even after accounting for clinical factors such as age, gender, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, smoking, and the apnea–hypoxia index (AHI). GDF15 demonstrated the largest area under the curve (AUC) for identifying arteriosclerosis in OSA patients (AUC, 0.85 [0.77–0.94]). The logistic regression model, combining clinical factors and AHI, was enhanced by the inclusion of AOPP and IL-6 (Chi-square = 25.06), and even further improved when GDF15 was added (Chi-square = 50.74). The integrated discrimination index increased by 0.06 to 0.16 when GDF15 was added to the models including clinical factors, AOPP, and IL-6.

Conclusions

This study verified the independent and incremental value of GDF15 in identifying arteriosclerosis in OSA patients, surpassing clinical risk factors and other serum biomarkers such as AOPP and IL-6.
Volatility spillovers among leading cryptocurrencies and US energy and technology companies
Authors: Alamaren Amro Saleem , Gokmenoglu Korhan K. , Taspinar Nigar
Published: February 2024

This study investigates volatility spillovers and network connectedness among four cryptocurrencies (Bitcoin, Ethereum, Tether, and BNB coin), four energy companies (Exxon Mobil, Chevron, ConocoPhillips, and Nextera Energy), and four mega-technology companies (Apple, Microsoft, Alphabet, and Amazon) in the US. We analyze data for the period November 15, 2017–October 28, 2022 using methodologies in Diebold and Yilmaz (Int J Forecast 28(1):57–66, 2012) and Baruník and Křehlík (J Financ Economet 16(2):271–296 2018). Our analysis shows the COVID-19 pandemic amplified volatility spillovers, thereby intensifying the impact of financial contagion between markets. This finding indicates the impact of the pandemic on the US economy heightened risk transmission across markets. Moreover, we show that Bitcoin, Ethereum, Chevron, ConocoPhilips, Apple, and Microsoft are net volatility transmitters, while Tether, BNB, Exxon Mobil, Nextera Energy, Alphabet, and Amazon are net receivers Our results suggest that short-term volatility spillovers outweigh medium- and long-term spillovers, and that investors should be more concerned about short-term repercussions because they do not have enough time to act quickly to protect themselves from market risks when the US market is affected. Furthermore, in contrast to short-term dynamics, longer term patterns display superior hedging efficiency. The net-pairwise directional spillovers show that Alphabet and Amazon are the highest shock transmitters to other companies. The findings in this study have implications for both investors and policymakers.
Fibular free flap with proximal perforator skin paddle due to aberrant anatomy — a case report
Authors: Kim Kyu-Bum , Ryu Jihye , Lee Jae-Yeol
Published: February 2024

Background

The fibular free flap is considered one of the most valuable options for mandible reconstruction. A perforator flap has gained widespread acceptance in oral and maxillofacial reconstruction. Typically, the fibula flap is obtained primarily with the distal perforator due to its reliable blood supply, with less attention given to the proximal perforators during the harvesting process. Normally, the distal perforator of the fibula exhibits stability and shows limited anatomical variations. However, there have been reported cases in which the distal perforator is absent. At times, these vascular abnormalities remain undetectable through Doppler examination or preoperative angiography evaluation. Therefore, this case details the experience of encountering the rare event of vascular abnormality in oral cancer surgery.

Case presentation

This article reports the case of a patient who presented with a congenital absence of the distal perforator in the peroneal artery, attributed to a vascular abnormality. Additionally, we provide a review of the concept of utilizing the proximal perforator as an alternative approach in the flap harvesting process.

Conclusions

While the distal perforator of the peroneal artery is typically utilized for fibula free flap procedures, surgeons must remain cognizant of the potential for its absence due to aberrant anatomy. Recognizing an alternative approach in such cases can be pivotal for precise surgical planning and favorable outcomes in oral and maxillofacial reconstruction
Knowing by Ear
Authors: Hoffmann Anette
Published: February 2024

During World War I, thousands of young African men conscripted to fight for France and Britain were captured and held as prisoners of war in Germany, where their stories and songs were recorded and archived by German linguists. In Knowing by Ear, Anette Hoffmann demonstrates that listening to these acoustic recordings as historical sources, rather than linguistic samples, opens up possibilities for new historical perspectives and the formation of alternate archival practices and knowledge production. She foregrounds the archival presence of individual speakers and positions their recorded voices as responses to their experiences of colonialism, war, and the journey from Africa to Europe. By engaging with the recordings alongside written sources, photographs, and artworks depicting the speakers, Hoffmann personalizes speakers from present-day Senegal, Somalia, Togo, and Congo. Knowing by Ear includes transcriptions of numerous recordings of spoken and sung texts, revealing acoustic archives as significant yet under-researched sources for recovering the historical speaking positions of colonized subjects and listen to the acoustic echo of colonial knowledge production.
In the Land of the Unreal
Authors: Messeri Lisa
Published: February 2024

In the mid-2010s, a passionate community of Los Angeles-based storytellers, media artists, and tech innovators formed around virtual reality (VR), believing that it could remedy society’s ills. Lisa Messeri offers an ethnographic exploration of this community, which conceptualized VR as an “empathy machine” that could provide glimpses into diverse social realities. She outlines how, in the aftermath of #MeToo, the backlash against Silicon Valley, and the turmoil of the Trump administration, it was imagined that VR—if led by women and other marginalized voices—could bring about a better world. Messeri delves into the fantasies that allowed this vision to flourish, exposing the paradox of attempting to use a singular VR experience to mend a fractured reality full of multiple, conflicting social truths. She theorizes this dynamic as unreal, noting how dreams of empathy collide with reality’s irreducibility to a “common” good. With In the Land of the Unreal, Messeri navigates the intersection of place, technology, and social change to show that technology alone cannot upend systemic forces attached to gender and race.
The Color Black
Authors: Baghoolizadeh Beeta
Published: February 2024

In The Color Black, Beeta Baghoolizadeh traces the twin processes of enslavement and erasure of Black people in Iran during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. She illustrates how geopolitical changes and technological advancements in the nineteenth century made enslaved East Africans uniquely visible in their servitude in wealthy and elite Iranian households. During this time, Blackness, Africanness, and enslavement became intertwined—and interchangeable—in Iranian imaginations. After the end of slavery in 1929, the implementation of abolition involved an active process of erasure on a national scale, such that a collective amnesia regarding slavery and racism persists today. The erasure of enslavement resulted in the erasure of Black Iranians as well. Baghoolizadeh draws on photographs, architecture, theater, circus acts, newspapers, films, and more to document how the politics of visibility framed discussions around enslavement and abolition during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. In this way, Baghoolizadeh makes visible the people and histories that were erased from Iran and its diaspora.
Acute Resistance Exercise Modifies Extracellular Vesicle miRNAs Targeting Anabolic Gene Pathways: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: CONKRIGHT WILLIAM R. , KARGL CHRIS K. , HUBAL MONICA J. , TIEDE DAKOTA R. , BECKNER MEAGHAN E. , STERCZALA ADAM J. , KRAJEWSKI KELLEN T. , MARTIN BRIAN J. , FLANAGAN SHAWN D. , GREEVES JULIE P. , O’LEARY THOMAS J. , WARDLE SOPHIE L. , SAHU AMRITA , AMBROSIO FABRISIA , NINDL BRADLEY C.
Published: February 2024

Background

Resistance training confers numerous health benefits that are mediated in part by circulating factors. Toward an enhanced molecular understanding, there is growing interest in a class of signaling biomarkers called extracellular vesicles (EV). EVs support physiological adaptations to exercise by transporting their cargo (e.g., microRNA (miRNA)) to target cells. Previous studies of changes in EV cargo have focused on aerobic exercise, with limited data examining the effects of resistance exercise. We examined the effect of acute resistance exercise on circulating EV miRNAs and their predicted target pathways.

Methods

Ten participants (5 men; age, 26.9 ± 5.5 yr; height, 173.4 ± 10.5 cm; body mass, 74.0 ± 11.1 kg; body fat, 25.7% ± 11.6%) completed an acute heavy resistance exercise test (AHRET) consisting of six sets of 10 repetitions of back squats using 75% one-repetition maximum. Pre-/post-AHRET, EVs were isolated from plasma using size exclusion chromatography, and RNA sequencing was performed. Differentially expressed miRNAs between pre- and post-AHRET EVs were analyzed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis to predict target messenger RNAs and their target biological pathways.

Results

Overall, 34 miRNAs were altered by AHRET (P < 0.05), targeting 4895 mRNAs, with enrichment of 175 canonical pathways (P < 0.01), including 12 related to growth/metabolism (p53, IGF-I, STAT3, PPAR, JAK/STAT, growth hormone, WNT/β-catenin, ERK/MAPK, AMPK, mTOR, and PI3K/AKT) and 8 to inflammation signaling (TGF-β, IL-8, IL-7, IL-3, IL-6, IL-2, IL-17, IL-10).

Conclusions

Acute resistance exercise alters EV miRNAs targeting pathways involved in growth, metabolism, and immune function. Circulating EVs may serve as significant adaptive signaling molecules influenced by exercise training.
Επιτεύγματα των Αρχαίων Ελλήνων
Authors: Αδάμ Κωνσταντίνα , Αντερριώτη Μαρία , Αρχοντάκη Ιωάννα , Βαγενά Δάφνη
Published: February 2024

Οι Αρχαίοι Έλληνες είχαν πολλές ιδέες και ανέπτυξαν τις θεωρίες και τις σκέψεις τους με τρόπο σοφό, που μέχρι και σήμερα έχουμε καταφέρει με πολλές αρχαιολογικές έρευνες, ανασκαφές και με πολλά αλλά μέσα να μπορέσουμε να μελετήσουμε. Με αυτή την εργασία μας θα προσπαθήσουμε να γυρίσουμε πίσω τον χρόνο και να απολαύσουμε με μια γρήγορη μάτια όσα κατάφεραν οι αρχαίοι πρόγονοι μας να μας προσφέρουν. Για την σύντομη αυτή παρουσίαση έχουμε επιλέξει να εργαστούμε, κάνοντας μια έρευνα πάνω στα επιτεύγματα τους στους τομείς της φιλοσοφίας, των επιστημών, του θεάτρου και της πολιτικής.
Πανδημίες και οι τρόποι αντιμετώπισης τους
Authors: Γενεράλη Ηλέκτρα , Δημαράκη Άννα Μαρία , Ανδρούτσου Λήδα , Γιαννουλέας Γιώργος
Published: February 2024

Η ομάδα μας επέλεξε να ασχοληθεί με το θέμα των πανδημιών. Συγκεκριμένα σκεφτήκαμε να αναλύσουμε τρεις από τις πιο επικίνδυνες ασθένειες, με βάση το ποσοστό θνησιμότητάς τους, οι οποίες είναι: η βουβωνική πανώλη, η ισπανική γρίπη και η νόσος του Χάνσεν. Στην εργασία μας παρουσιάζονται οι τρεις αυτές πανδημίες, καθώς και τρόποι αντιμετώπισής τους.
Η Επιστήμη της νανοτεχνολογίας
Authors: Γκίνης Ερμής , Κάλφας Γιώργος , Ιωαννίδης Λευτέρης
Published: February 2024

Η εργασία μας αφορά την επιστήμη της νανοτεχνολογίας. Μιας επιστήμης σύγχρονης που συνεχώς ωφελεί την ανθρωπότητα με διάφορες τεχνολογικές εφευρέσεις και ανακαλύψεις σε πολλούς τομείς της καθημερινότητας. Για να ολοκληρώσουμε την εργασία μας αναζητήσαμε πληροφορίες από το διαδίκτυο και μελετήσαμε την βιβλιογραφία. Τα αποτελέσματα της εργασίας μας παρουσιάζονται παρακάτω.
Η ΘΕΣΗ ΤΗΣ ΓΥΝΑΙΚΑΣ ΜΕ ΤΟ ΠΕΡΑΣΜΑ ΤΩΝ ΧΡΟΝΩΝ
Authors: Δεμέστιχα Έλλη , Καραδήμου Μαρία , Δακτυλίδη Μαριέττα , Γουλιερμή Τζωρτζίνα
Published: February 2024

Σαν ομάδα αποφασίσαμε να ασχοληθούμε με το θέμα «Η θέση της γυναίκας με το πέρασμα των χρόνων». Πιο συγκεκριμένα θα ασχοληθούμε με την εξέλιξη της θέσης του γυναικείου φύλου από την αρχαία Ελλάδα ως το σήμερα. Αρχικά, θα αναλύσουμε τον ρόλο της γυναίκας στην αρχαία Ελλάδα, στην Αθήνα και τη Σπάρτη. Στη συνέχεια, θα παρουσιάσουμε τη θέση της γυναίκας στον 20ο αιώνα και τις προκλήσεις που αντιμετωπίζει σήμερα, με τη βοήθεια ερευνητικών δεδομένων. Συγκρίνοντας τη θέση της γυναίκας στην αρχαία Ελλάδα και σήμερα θα παρουσιάσουμε τα συμπεράσματά μας.
Η ΤΕΧΝΗ ΚΙΝΕΙ ΤΟΝ ΚΟΣΜΟ
Authors: Κερκύρα Κέλλυ , Καραγιαννοπούλου Αγγελική
Published: February 2024

Η εργασία αφορά το ρόλο της τέχνης στη ζωή μας. Συγκεκριμένα, εξετάζονται οι εξής άξονες: Καταρχάς, παρουσιάζεται οι ρόλος της τέχνης στην επιστήμη της ψυχολογίας. Έπειτα εστιάζουμε στην επίδραση της τέχνης στην ιστορία και την εξέλιξή της μέσα από αυτήν. Ακόμη, παρουσιάζεται η ενεργή συμμετοχή της τέχνης σε πολιτικές εξελίξεις. Τέλος, αναφέρεται ο σημαντικός ρόλος της τέχνης στο εκπαιδευτικό πεδίο.
Οι υπηρεσίες της τεχνητής νοημοσύνης στην ιατρική: Συνέντευξη με ένα ρομπότ
Authors: Καραογλάνης-Δικαίος Ηλίας , Εξάρχου Σπυρίδων , Zολώτας Aνδρέας
Published: February 2024

Αποφασίσαμε να κάνουμε αυτή την παρουσίαση με αφορμή τη γνωστοποίηση της προόδου που έχει σημειωθεί στον τομέα της τεχνητής νοημοσύνης στην ιατρική. Η ομάδα μας αποτελείται από 3 μέλη, μαθητές της Ελληνογερμανικής Αγωγής. Η εργασία μας θα αποτελείται από διάφορες πληροφορίες για την τεχνητή νοημοσύνη στον κλάδο της ιατρικής, πολλαπλών τύπων γραφήματα που συγκρίνουν το παρελθόν και το παρόν και στατιστικών. Τέλος, η παρουσίασή μας θα εμπεριέχει τη συνέντευξη με ένα πρόγραμμα τεχνητής νοημοσύνης που θα αποδίδει τη γνώμη του για αυτό το θέμα. Για την παρουσίαση αυτή χρησιμοποιήσαμε τα παρακάτω εργαλεία, τον κειμενογράφο Word, την πλατφόρμα Google από την οποία αντλήσαμε πληροφορίες ως προς το σε ποιες πηγές να απευθυνθούμε και το πρόγραμμα τεχνητής νοημοσύνης για τη συνέντευξη του.
Στρατηγικές μελέτης
Authors: Ίτσιου Ίρις , Γονιδάκη Έμιλυ , Ιωσηφίδη Έλενα , Δημητράκα Μαρίνα
Published: February 2024

Η εργασία μας αποσκοπεί στην καταγραφή των μεθόδων που χρησιμοποιούν οι μαθητές του Λυκείου, όταν διαβάζουν για το σχολείο. Στόχος μας είναι να εντοπίσουμε τα προβλήματα που αντιμετωπίζουν οι συνομήλικοί μας μέσω ενός ερωτηματολογίου που συμπλήρωσαν στους συμμαθητές μας. Στη συνέχεια, καταγράψαμε τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας, στην οποία περιλαμβάνονται παράγοντες όπως το άγχος, η διαχείριση του χρόνου και η απόσπαση της προσοχής κατά τη διάρκεια της μελέτης. Με βάση τα αποτελέσματα προτείνουμε διαφορετικούς τρόπους διαβάσματος στον κάθε τύπο μαθητή. Με λίγα λόγια, η ομάδα μας στοχεύει να περιορίσει τη μόνιμη αυτή ανησυχία των μαθητών για την επιτυχία τους στις πανελλαδικές εξετάσεις και να τους προσφέρει ποικίλους τρόπους, έτσι ώστε να εξασφαλίσουν την επίτευξη των στόχων τους.
Η Τεχνητή Νοημοσύνη στο Μάρκετινγκ
Authors: Κουμαντάκης Κωνσταντίνος , Λασκαρίδη Έρρικα , Κουτσώνα Χρυσηίδα , Μάρθας Γιώργος , Μαραγκάκη Στέλλα
Published: February 2024

Η ομάδα μας επέλεξε να ασχοληθεί με το ζήτημα της τεχνητής νοημοσύνης στον τομέα του μάρκετινγκ. Η εργασία μας θα περιλαμβάνει όλους τους σχετικούς ορισμούς αλλά και τις εφαρμογές της τεχνητής νοημοσύνης στο μάρκετινγκ. Βασικά εργαλεία για την έρευνά μας αποτέλεσαν η έρευνα στο διαδίκτυο και η αναζήτηση στη βιβλιογραφία. Η δομή της εργασίας μας περιλαμβάνει την ανάλυση των ορισμών και τις εφαρμογές που εντοπίσαμε να χρησιμοποιούνται πιο συχνά.
ΕΦΑΡΜΟΓΕΣ ΤΗΣ ΚΥΚΛΙΚΗΣ ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΙΑΣ
Authors: Παπαζαρίφη Έλενα , Παπαθανασίου Στέλλα , Παπαδοπούλου Αγγελική
Published: February 2024

Σε αυτήν την έρευνα αναλύουμε την κυκλική οικονομία στους τομείς της αγροτροφίας, της φαρμακευτικής βιομηχανίας, και στις ηλεκτρικές συσκευές. Περιγράφουμε τα προβλήματα που προκύπτουν σε αυτούς τους τομείς όπως τα φαρμακευτικά απόβλητα και η μόλυνση νερού λόγο των βλαβερών μετάλλων που περιέχονται στις ηλεκτρικές συσκευές, αναφέρουμε λύσεις που έχουν εφαρμοστεί και προτείνουμε πρωτότυπες λύσεις για την ελάττωση των προβλημάτων.
Ο ρόλος της Τεχνητής Νοημοσύνης στο τομέα της Εγκληματικότητας
Authors: Μικρός Κωνσταντίνος , Παναγιωτόπουλος Νικόλας , Νικολαδός Παναγιώτης
Published: February 2024

Η Τεχνητή Νοημοσύνη (ΤΝ) είναι μία από τις τεχνολογικές καινοτομίες της εποχής μας. Η παρούσα εργασία εστιάζει στις εφαρμογές της τεχνητής νοημοσύνης στην αντιμετώπιση της εγκληματικότητας. Για να εξυπηρετήσουμε τον σκοπό της εργασίας μας , αντλήσαμε πληροφορίες από τον καθηγητή Υπολογιστικής Γλωσσολογίας στο Πανεπιστήμιο Hamad Bin Khalifa του Κατάρ κ. Γεώργιος Μικρό, o οποίος είναι εξειδικευμένος στον τομέα της Τεχνητής Νοημοσύνης. Στην εργασία αναλύονται οι εφαρμογές της ΤΝ στην καταπολέμηση της εγκληματικότητας, καθώς και τα πλεονεκτήματα και μειονεκτήματα της αξιοποίησης της ΤΝ.
ΝΑΝΟΤΕΧΝΟΛΟΓΙΑ
Authors: Πατέλης Γρηγόρης , Σταμούλης Μάριος
Published: February 2024

Στα πλαίσια του 2ου μαθητικού Συνεδρίου της Ελληνογερμανικής Αγωγής, εκπονήσαμε μια εργασία σχετικά με ένα σύγχρονο και πάντα επίκαιρο θέμα: την Νανοτεχνολογία. Η επιστήμη της νανοτεχνολογίας είναι πολύ πρόσφατη, επομένως και σύγχρονη, και προσπαθήσαμε μέσα από αυτή την εργασία να παρουσιάσουμε τις βασικές της εφαρμογές σε διάφορους κλάδους της καθημερινότητας.
Τεχνητή Νοημοσύνη στην Ιατρική
Authors: Χρυσοχόου Καρολίνα , Χριστοφιλέα Ιωάννα , Φιλιππάκη Μυρτώ , Φελούκα Αλεξάνδρα , Μανουσάκη Ελευθερία
Published: February 2024

Η τεχνητή νοημοσύνη στην ιατρική είναι ένας πολλά υποσχόμενος κλάδος υπό εντατική έρευνα. Σκοπός της έρευνας είναι η βασική ενημέρωση του ευρύτερου κοινού για τη δυναμική διείσδυση της τεχνητής νοημοσύνης στην ιατρική, καθώς και για τα στοιχειώδη θετικά και αρνητικά στοιχεία αυτής της μεθόδου.
Σύγχρονες πρακτικές και αντιστάσεις των εκπαιδευτικών Πρωτοβάθμιας Εκπαίδευσης στη διδασκαλία της Ιστορίας
Authors: Ανδρίκου Ασημίνα , Ματσκαλίδης Χαράλαμπος
Published: February 2024

Η σχολική πραγματικότητα για τη διδασκαλία του μαθήματος της Ιστορίας διαφαίνεται να μη συνάδει με τις σύγχρονες θεωρίες μάθησης και τις επιταγές του επιστημονικού ακαδημαϊκού χώρου. Για τον λόγο αυτό διενεργήθηκε η παρούσα μελέτη με σκοπό να αποτυπώσει τις απόψεις των εκπαιδευτικών της Πρωτοβάθμιας Εκπαίδευσης, εν γένει, τις διδακτικές πρακτικές που αξιοποιούν και τα μαθησιακά οφέλη που επιδιώκουν στη διδασκαλία της Ιστορίας. Η έρευνα κατέδειξε ότι παρά τη φίλα προσκείμενη στάση των εκπαιδευτικών στις νέες μεθόδους, οι ίδιοι/ες αξιοποιούν πιο παρωχημένες μεθόδους όταν καλούνται να διδάξουν πρακτικά το μάθημα, επομένως κρίνεται αναγκαία η συστηματική επιμόρφωση των εν ενεργεία εκπαιδευτικών ώστε να εξοικειωθούν με τις σύγχρονες θεωρίες μάθησης στη Διδακτικής της Ιστορίας.
Ο βαθμός αποδοχής του παιδιού από τους γονείς και το επίπεδο της συναισθηματικής του νοημοσύνης αναφορικά με το άγχος και την κατάθλιψη
Authors: Ραφτούλης Γεώργιος , Κόνιαρη Δήμητρα
Published: February 2024

Η παρούσα εργασία αποτελεί μια διερευνητική προσπάθεια καθορισμού και περαιτέρω διερεύνησης του ρόλου που πιθανόν να παίζουν η αντίληψη που έχει το παιδί για το βαθμό αποδοχής του από τους γονείς του, καθώς και το επίπεδο της συναισθηματικής του νοημοσύνης στον τρόπο με τον οποίο βιώνει το άγχος και την κατάθλιψη. Στο θεωρητικό πλαίσιο εξετάζονται οι μεταβλητές της αποδοχής- απόρριψης του παιδιού από το γονέα, της ελληνικής κλίμακας συναισθηματικής νοημοσύνης και της κλίμακας κατάθλιψης και άγχους συνυφασμένες με σχετικές έρευνες. Η συγκεκριμένη μελέτη πραγματοποιήθηκε κατά το σχολικό έτος 2021-2022, εν μέσω την πανδημίας Covid 19. Διενεργήθηκε με τη χρήση ερωτηματολογίου στην οποία συμμετείχαν 250 παιδιά, ηλικίας 12-17 ετών από το νομό Λάρισας. Ο βαθμός αποδοχής από τη μητέρα συμβάλλει καθοριστικά στην συναισθηματική νοημοσύνη του παιδιού καθώς και στη διαχείριση του άγχους. Βέβαια, υπήρχαν αρκετοί περιορισμοί σχετικά με την έρευνα κι έτσι διατυπώνονται προτάσεις για μελλοντική διερεύνηση.
Re-sequencing of the complete chloroplast genome of Cinnamomum burmanni (Nees & T.Nees) Blume (Lauraceae) from Indonesia using MinION Oxford Nanopore Technologies
Authors: Salindeho Richard Andreas , Dwiyanti Fifi Gus , Pratama Rahadian , Matra Deden Derajat , Majiidu Muhammad , Siregar Iskandar Z.
Published: February 2024

Cinnamomum burmanni (Nees & T.Nees) Blume (Lauraceae) belongs to the Magnoliids group and is mainly distributed in Indonesia and Southeast Asia. The complete chloroplast (cp) genome of C. burmanni sampled from Indonesia was assembled and annotated for the first time in this study. The length of the cp genome is 152,765 bp with a GC content of 39%, and it consists of four subregions: a large single-copy (LSC) region of 93,636 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 18,893 bp and two inverted repeats (IR) regions (IRA 20,121 bp; IRB 20,115 bp) . The cp genome of C. burmanni encodes a total of 173 unique genes, which are 96 protein-coding genes, 19 rRNA genes, and 68 tRNA genes that can be utilized for advanced genetic and genomic studies of the species.
How to face disciplinary measures at work
Authors: Peate Ian
Published: February 2024

Disciplinary measures are an important part of maintaining safe and effective health systems, ensuring patients receive the highest quality of care. There are a number of disciplinary measures that can be enforced by the employer. Misconduct in health and care can have serious consequences for patients and health and care workers, and can result in disciplinary action or even criminal charges. This article provides an overview of the disciplinary process. It highlights key points and describes action that can be taken if there are any issues of concern that could be deemed misconduct.
Cholelithiasis management during hepatitis C treatment: a case report including pathophysiology and literature review
Authors: Gardner Dean
Published: February 2024

This case reports a 56-year-old male attending a nurse-led hepatitis C (HCV) clinic complaining of abdominal pain. Right upper quadrant abdominal tenderness on palpation with a positive Murphy's sign (pain on inspiration during palpation to the right subcostal area) encouraged timely investigation and diagnosis of non-obstructive cholelithiasis (gallstones). This was managed with interval review and regular clinical assessment pending successful HCV treatment and surgical referral. The main lessons from this case study emphasise the importance of considering concurrent diagnoses for patients complaining of abdominal pain when presenting with a primary diagnosis of HCV. This case also supports a pragmatic approach in considering the treatment of HCV before the surgical intervention of uncomplicated gallstones. Furthermore, it also highlights the value of advanced nurse practice within the multi-disciplinary team.
Pulmonary rehabilitation: Overview and future directions
Authors: Bevan-Smith Elaine , Eurton Maria
Published: February 2024

Elaine Bevan-Smith and Maria Eurton explain the importance of this intervention for patients with COPD
Development of a virtual reality simulation education program for nursing students to care for agitation (VRSEPforNSA) in patients with dementia
Authors: Seo Yeji , Park Heeok , Joung Ji Hun
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop a virtual reality simulation education program for nursing students to care for agitation (VRSEPforNSA) in patients with dementia). Method: The VRSEPforNSA was developed using the ADDIE model (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation). Result: Analysis was performed using the nursing journal database from 2017 to 2021 with keyword of virtual reality, nursing, nursing education and program. Design was consisted based on the Jeffries’ 5E learning cycle model. VRSEPforNSA was developed with 3 stages: the assessment and care for agitation in patients with dementia, patient falls to floor, and back to bed in room. The VRSEPforNSA is run for a total of 100 minutes and the module is consisted of a pre-test, VR simulation running, debriefing, nursing record and reflection, and so on. Conclusion: There is a need to apply the VRSEPforNSA for senior nursing students and to test the effects on agitation care performance, self-efficacy and decision making.
Nursing students’ awareness and performance of patient medical information protection
Authors: Shin Soomin , Lee Kyungmin , Lee Myeongah , Choi Seyeon , Choi Woojung , Shon Soonyoung , Choi Jongrim
Published: February 2024

Purpose: This study aims to understand the awareness, and practices of nursing students regarding patient medical information protection (PMIP). Methods: This study is a descriptive correlational research to determine the relationship between awareness and practice of PMIP. Data collection took place from August 1 to 15, 2022, with 119 nursing students from a nursing college in Daegu, South Korea. Differences in awareness and practice of PMIP according to general characteristics were analyzed using independent t-tests and one-way ANOVA. The correlation between awareness and practices was analyzed using Pearson correlation. Results: The awareness for PMIP of nursing students (4.35±0.43) was significantly higher than the performance score (4.20±0.57). By domain, the Awareness in the management domain was the highest, linked with the performance in the referral of tasks domain. However, the perception and performance scores were lower in the communication domain. PMIP awareness showed significant differences based on education type, direct lectures, and religion. Performance were higher when the education venue was the university. There was a strong correlation between nursing students’ awareness and practice of PMIP. Conclusion: To enhance nursing students’ awareness and practices in patient personal information protection, the development of educational programs reflecting the higher effectiveness of school-based education compared to hospital-based education is necessary.