bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comprehensive, Community-Based Coalition to Address Racial Disparities in Chronic Disease: REACH in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania
Authors: Gary-Webb Tiffany L. , Christian Stephanie N. , Casas Andrea D. , Hardy Hannah E. , Feldmiller Josh , Scott Samantha , Harris Roderick , Mendez Dara D.
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Background: Funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health Initiative, Live Well Allegheny: Lifting Wellness for African Americans (LWA) in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, aims to enhance health equity by addressing chronic disease in six African American communities via three key strategies: nutrition, physical activity, and community–clinical linkages. Objectives: This manuscript describes the coalition's partnership dynamics and evaluation methods with a focus on nutrition strategies. Methods: We have a network of committed partners implementing the strategies and we are evaluating our efforts using community asset mapping, county population-based survey data, qualitative process interviews, focus groups, and program performance measures. Results: The LWA coalition is the culmination of years of partnership building, which allows for more targeted activities related to health equity in the region. Thus far, the LWA coalition is thriving. The network of committed and talented partners in the nutrition strategy (healthy nutrition standards, food systems, and breastfeeding) reached 22 sites and more than 46,000 people during the first 2 years of the project. Process interviews conducted as part of the evaluation identified challenges and successes of implementation, and development of the coalition. Conclusions: This comprehensive evaluation approach supports formative processes, evaluation metrics, and prolonged sustainability plans of this community-based coalition.
In the Thick of the Woods: Contemporary Obscurity in the RSC’s 2021 Virtual Dream
Authors: Habermann Ina
Published: September 2023

Abstract: This essay discusses the Royal Shakespeare Company’s virtual Dream that was streamed in March 2021, reaching over 53,000 people from more than seventy countries. Led by publicity to expect a dazzling virtual spectacle, many spectators found the experience underwhelming, feeling baffled by a Puck avatar who groped around an artificial looking nighttime wood, whipped about by a storm. This article suggests that, instead of dismissing this project too easily, it can be read as a truly contemporary rendering of the play in Giorgio Agamben’s sense. Shakespeare becomes contemporary through a dramatic exploration of obscurity, showing how characters are compelled to act, to make decisions, and to abandon themselves to a potentially dangerous environment that they do not fully understand or control. Like Shakespeare’s mechanicals, tripped up in their rehearsal process by the strange workings in the woods near Athens, the RSC’s Dream cast were groping towards an expression of their present predicament, sending out a flickering message from their COVID-19 lockdown. The production captured contemporary obscurity and anxiety caused by the challenges of climate change, the pandemic, and digital transformation.
“I name all my plays after places”: David Greig in conversation with Elisabeth Angel-Perez
Authors: Angel-Perez Elisabeth
Published: September 2023

Abstract: This interview between Elisabeth Angel-Perez and David Greig, which took place on 16 January 2023 over WhatsApp, was conducted specifically for this special issue of Shakespeare Bulletin . The conversation focuses on Greig’s use of Shakespeare as a matrix for contemporary drama. Greig stresses the geographical and linguistic displacements in his play Dunsinane (2010), a sequel to Shakespeare’s Macbeth , which allowed him to map out a conflictual contact zone between an imperialistic power and a country that has been colonized. He explains how Dunsinane serves as a political parable—for contemporary Scotland, but also the wars in the Middle East and Ukraine—while at the same time decentering Shakespeare as a cultural hegemonic matrix.
“[A] time / Of pell-mell havoc and confusion”: Shakespeare and the 2016 Paris Protests
Authors: Dulac Anne-Valérie
Published: September 2023

Abstract: This article looks at several graffiti based on translated quotations from Shakespeare’s plays which appeared on the walls of Paris in the spring of 2016, during the many protests against the government’s proposed labor law. After a discussion of Shakespeare’s own sense of the importance of visual communication strategies and painterly media in times of insurrection, it then moves on to the particularly tense political context in which these French graffiti were staged on the city surfaces. Based on detailed descriptive coding of these acts of writing, this article analyzes them as a modality of radical performance, showing that these words from The Tempest or Romeo and Juliet were staged as part of a visual political theater, and thereby allowing audiences to rediscover the full affective power and scope of such graffiti. The article finally turns to a close reading of the translated quotations in order to better grasp their time/site-specificity and topical relevance. Considering the parallel occupation of Paris’s main theaters at the time, it reassesses the growing gap between theater and protest as well as between performance and drama, while trying to account for Shakespeare’s ubiquitous presence in such contemporary discussions.
Preparation and luminescence properties of Ce3+/Sm3+ codoped A-Lu2SiO5@SiO2 core-shell nanospheres
Authors: Jiang Yiming , Huang Xinyi , Hu Sikun , Zhao Weijun , Wang Jing , Ma Decai , Zhong Jiuping
Published: September 2023

X-ray induced photodynamic therapy (X-PDT) has been applied as an effective strategy against cancer. A novel nanoscintillator A-Lu2SiO5:Ce3+,Sm3+@SiO2 core-shell nanosphere was fabricated and its practicability in X-PDT has been demonstrated in this work. The emission and excitation spectra of the co-doped samples were measured, and the energy transfer (ET) from Ce3+ to Sm3+ was investigated using the Inokuti-Hirayama (I-H) model, revealing that the dominant mechanism of ET in the sample Lu2SiO5:Ce3+,Sm3+@SiO2 nanospheres would be electric dipole-dipole interaction. In particular, the corresponding spectra demonstrated ET between Ce3+ and Sm3+ under X-ray excitation, while light yield has been estimated for a representative co-doped sample. It was concluded that the as-prepared A- Lu2SiO5:Ce3+,Sm3+@SiO2 core-shell nanospheres have potential applications for the simultaneous excitation of blue and red activated photosensitizers in X-PDT as material for nanoscintillators.
Transcription factor competition facilitates self-sustained oscillations in single gene genetic circuits
Authors: Landman Jasper , Verduyn Lunel Sjoerd M. , Kegel Willem K.
Published: September 2023

Genetic feedback loops can be used by cells to regulate internal processes or to keep track of time. It is often thought that, for a genetic circuit to display self-sustained oscillations, a degree of cooperativity is needed in the binding and unbinding of actor species. This cooperativity is usually modeled using a Hill function, regardless of the actual promoter architecture. Furthermore, genetic circuits do not operate in isolation and often transcription factors are shared between different promoters. In this work we show how mathematical modelling of genetic feedback loops can be facilitated with a mechanistic fold-change function that takes into account the titration effect caused by competing binding sites for transcription factors. The model shows how the titration effect facilitates self-sustained oscillations in a minimal genetic feedback loop: a gene that produces its own repressor directly without cooperative transcription factor binding. The use of delay-differential equations leads to a stability contour that predicts whether a genetic feedback loop will show self-sustained oscillations, even when taking the bursty nature of transcription into account.
How to develop young physical activity leaders? A Delphi study
Authors: Steward Isobel P. , Young Emma S. , Dogra Sufyan Abid , Stamp Elizabeth , Daly-Smith Andy , Siddique Kammy , Morgan Kelly , Crowther Jamie , Hall Jennifer ,   on behalf of the JU:MP research & development team
Published: September 2023

The International Society for Physical Activity and Health advocates for increased capability of the physical activity workforce as a key ingredient to a system-based approach. Young leader programmes are gaining traction globally as peers are a primary influence on young people and positive role models are important for increasing or maintaining physical activity. Yet, there is limited understanding of ‘what works’ for training young physical activity leaders. This study aims to develop a consensus on how to identify and support young people to become physical activity leaders. An iterative three-phased mixed methods Delphi consensus approach. A rapid review focused on the feasibility, acceptability and impact of existing young leader physical activity training (phase one); focus groups (n = 3) and interviews (n = 6) with 15 practitioners and young leaders to examine young physical activity leader training needs (phase two); and a three-round questionnaire process (phase three). Stakeholders (n = 43) from across the public, voluntary and education sectors, academics and young leaders completed all questionnaires. A consensus was reached for 75 statements related to: young leader traits prior to and following training, recruitment methods, training content, delivery format and context, relationships, incentives, and skill development. The Delphi process, combining insight from multi-sectoral stakeholders, identified a range of factors that underpin young leader training programmes. These factors should be applied to develop a curriculum and comprehensive training programme to provide young leaders with the required capability to be effective within their roles, and ultimately support an increase in physical activity amongst children and young people.
Effects of Cymatocarpus solearis (Trematoda: Brachycoeliidae) on its second intermediate host, the Caribbean spiny lobster Panulirus argus
Authors: Franco-Bodek Tomás , Barradas-Ortiz Cecilia , Negrete-Soto Fernando , Rodríguez-Canul Rossanna , Lozano-Álvarez Enrique , Briones-Fourzán Patricia
Published: September 2023

Many digenean trematodes require three hosts to complete their life cycle. For Cymatocarpus solearis (Brachycoeliidae), the first intermediate host is unknown; the Caribbean spiny lobster Panulirus argus is a second intermediate host, and the loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta, a lobster predator, is the definitive host. Trophically-transmitted parasites may alter the behavior or general condition of intermediate hosts in ways that increase the hosts’ rates of consumption by definitive hosts. Here, we examined the effects of infection by C. solearis on P. argus by comparing several physiological and behavioral variables among uninfected lobsters (0 cysts) and lobsters with light (1–10 cysts), moderate (11–30 cysts), and heavy (>30 cysts) infections. Physiological variables were hepatosomatic index, growth rate, hemocyte count, concentration in hemolymph of cholesterol, protein, albumin, glucose, dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT). Behavioral variables included seven components of the escape response (delay to escape, duration of swimming bout, distance traveled in a swimming bout, swim velocity, acceleration, force exerted, and work performed while swimming). There was no relationship between lobster size or sex and number of cysts. Significant differences among the four lobster groups occurred only in concentration of glucose (lower in heavily infected lobsters) and 5-HT (higher in heavily and moderately infected lobsters) in plasma. As changes in 5-HT concentration can modify the host’s activity patterns or choice of microhabitat, our results suggest that infection with C. solearis may alter the behavior of spiny lobsters, potentially increasing the likelihood of trophic transmission of the parasite to the definitive host.
Comparative analysis of potential drug-drug interactions in a public and private hospital among chronic kidney disease patients in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: A retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Zafar Roheena , Rehman Inayat Ur , Shah Yasar , Ming Long Chiau , Goh Hui Poh , Goh Khang Wen
Published: September 2023

Introduction

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant public health challenge due to its rising incidence, mortality, and morbidity. Patients with kidney diseases often suffer from various comorbid conditions, making them susceptible to potential drug-drug interactions (pDDIs) due to polypharmacy and multiple prescribers. Inappropriate prescriptions for CKD patients and their consequences in the form of pDDIs are a major challenge in Pakistan.

Aim

This study aimed to compare the incidence and associated risk factors of pDDIs among a public and private sector hospital in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Method

A retrospective cross-sectional study design was conducted to compare pDDIs among public and private sector hospitals from January 2023 to February 2023. Patients profile data for the full year starting from January 1 2022 to December 302022, was accessed All adult patients aged 18 years and above, of both genders, who currently have or have previously been diagnosed with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) were included. For assessing pDDIs, patient data was retrieved and checked using Lexicomp UpToDate® for severity and documentation of potential drug-drug interactions.

Results

A total of 358 patients’ data was retrieved (with n = 179 in each hospital); however, due to incomplete data, n = 4 patients were excluded from the final analysis. The prevalence of pDDIs was found to be significantly higher in private hospitals (84.7%) than in public hospitals (26.6%), with a p-value <0.001. Patients in the age category of 41–60 years (AOR = 6.2; p = 0.008) and those prescribed a higher number of drugs (AOR = 1.2; p = 0.027) were independently associated with pDDIs in private hospitals, while the higher number of prescribed drugs (AOR = 2.9; p = <0.001) was an independent risk factor for pDDIs in public hospitals. The majority of pDDIs (79.0%) were of moderate severity, and a significant number of patients (15.1%) also experienced major pDDIs, with a p-value <0.001. The majority of pDDIs had fair documentation for reliability rating in both public and private hospitals.

Conclusion

The prevalence of pDDIs was higher among CKD patients at private hospitals, and most of the pDDIs were of moderate severity. A considerable number of patients also experienced major pDDIs. The risk of experiencing pDDIs was found to be higher in older patients and among those prescribed a higher number of drugs.
Stationary distribution of a reaction-diffusion hepatitis B virus infection model driven by the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process
Authors: Zhang Zhenyu , Liang Guizhen , Chang Kangkang
Published: September 2023

A reaction-diffusion hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection model based on the mean-reverting Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process is studied in this paper. We demonstrate the existence and uniqueness of the positive solution by constructing the Lyapunov function. The adequate conditions for the solution’s stationary distribution were described. Last but not least, the numerical simulation demonstrated that reversion rates and noise intensity influenced the disease and that there was a stationary distribution. It was concluded that the solution tends more toward the stationary distribution, the greater the reversion rates and the smaller the noise.
Artistic pedagogies in an emergency: Perspectives from nine visual arts teachers in the north, centre and south of Chile
Authors: Orbeta-Green Alejandra , Doren-Tello Marcela , Sanhueza-Vega Claudia
Published: September 2023

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020–21, schools in Chile suspended face-to-face activities. This led to an ‘educational emergency’, generating proposals for what some authors have called Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT). This article describes the teaching experiences of nine visual arts teachers from northern, central and southern Chile, who implemented their pedagogical proposals by dispensing with the workshops and materials commonly used in visual arts classes. The study examined the processes of uncertainty experienced by the teachers by collecting and analysing ‘in situ’ accounts and arguments using a qualitative approach. The main results indicate that the teachers showed agency and a great capacity to be flexible in response to changing scenarios. It can also be observed that ERT emphasizes the ambivalent position of visual arts as a subject in schools and demonstrates the difficulty that some students experience accessing and using certain technologies, questioning the belief that they are ‘digital natives’.
La BBC en guerra en España: Una misión especial para el Servicio Español, 1939-1945
Authors: García González Gloria
Published: September 2023

El estudio de las emisiones de la BBC en diferentes idiomas durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial revela la extraordinaria confianza que el gobierno británico depositó en la radio, persuadido de su potencial influencia sobre la sociedad civil, como ya lo había hecho desde 1934 con la puesta en marcha del British Council, en un interesante avance de lo que a partir de los años 90 Joseph Nye denominaría Soft Power.Este trabajo aborda el estudio del departamento ocupado dentro de la BBC de las emisiones dirigidas a España y conocido como Servicio Español desde su creación en 1939 hasta el final de la Segunda Guerra Mundial. En este contexto, al Servicio Español se le encomienda la difícil labor de afianzar el vínculo de sus oyentes españoles con la causa aliada sin por ello inmiscuirse en la política española, en un difícil equilibrio que desencadenará no pocas tensiones políticas y que llevará al límite la política de contención hacia España marcada por Churchill.A fin de dar curso al enfoque narrativo de este trabajo, se ha hecho uso de Memorias, de fuentes de archivo del War Cabinet y del Foreign Office, de publicaciones periódicas, así como de fuentes bibliográficas.
Pengaruh modal sosial terhadap kebahagiaan generasi sandwich di Indonesia
Authors: Rahman Amelia , Wongkaren Turro Seltris
Published: September 2023

The measure of welfare is not only about material prosperity but also about happiness. The sandwich generation has a dual role to play in influencing their happiness. On the other hand, social capital also affects happiness. There are several mechanisms by which social capital affects happiness, including health conditions, household income, and education. This study aims to analyze specifically how social capital influences the happiness of the sandwich generation in Indonesia. This study uses SPTK 2017 data, analyzing the head of household or partner of the sandwich generation and non-sandwich generation. Using OLS estimation, the study found that the happiness index in the sandwich and non-sandwich generations are not significantly different. However, social capital generally has a significant effect on happiness. In addition, health conditions were found to be a variable that becomes a mechanism for how social capital affects happiness. Increasing the value of social capital in the poor health sandwich generation will be more beneficial in increasing their happiness. Meanwhile, household income and education were not found to be mechanisms for social capital.
Kontribusi hubungan kemiskinan dan disabilitas netra: Studi kasus di Indonesia dengan menggunakan Data IFLS tahun 2014
Authors: Sritutur Fera Febriana
Published: September 2023

Various studies have explored the relationship between visual impairment and poverty. This study aims to enrich understanding on the relationship between poverty and visual disability in the Indonesian context. This study uses data from Wave 5 of the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS), focused on individuals aged 25 and above in 2014. The method used in this study consists of descriptive analysis and logistic regression. This study found that there is no relationship between poverty and visual impairment. The empirical result shows that people who experienced visual disability tend to have a lower probability of being poor in 2014 compared to people without visual disability. Poor persons also have lower probability to be visually disabled in 2014. This finding tends to be slightly different from previous research which showed the bidirectional relationship between poverty and visual disability. This difference might be due to the indicator of visual disability used in this study. Based on the IFLS data, people with visual disability come from a non-poor family so that they were able to perform medical check up, including eye health check. The results of this study indicate that a person with visual disability is capable of performing various activities, including productive activities. They are also able to work and create income. Thus, there is the possibility that they do not experience severe visual disability
Pemikiran Tasawuf Beudizzaman Said Nursi: Problematika dan Gagasannya
Authors: Pamungkas Limpad Tuhu
Published: September 2023

Despite its various shortcomings, Sufism is still needed for religious life today in an increasingly secular world. Considering the various attacks launched against Sufism by Islamic puritan and modernist movements, Said Nursi's thoughts can be considered as a middle way to clear up the clouded pre-judgments of Sufism. This study aims to look at the main ideas of Bediuzzaman Said Nursi related to Sufism and the problematic background behind it, as well as to review the challenges faced by Sufism itself.  To describe Said Nursi's thoughts on Sufism in this paper, the author will describe objectively Said Nursi's writings that speak explicitly about Sufism, then the author also includes interpretive and analytical elements to reach a broader meaning from those texts. The results of the study found that, for Said Nursi, Sufism is very important for the manifestation of the truth of Islam itself, although it cannot be denied that there are also practices in certain Sufism traditions that are not in accordance with the Sunnah. Therefore, by still referring to the legacy of the Sufism tradition, he offered a new Sufistic path (tariqah) which he named haqiqah, which he considered safer and less risky. Yet, the problem is modernism itself has eroded the esoteric dimension of Sufism itself, while puritanism has textually rejected it. Thus, Said Nursi's thought of Sufism which places a strong emphasis on Shari'a should be brought up.
Keywords: Said Nursi, Sufism, Haqiqah, tariqah, shari’a, sufism problematics
Exposing Feminist, Orientalist Western Literary Portrayals of Islam and Muslims: From the Monstrous ‘Saracens’ to the Oppressed Muslim Women
Authors: El Fida Brahim
Published: September 2023

Orientalism and its legacies still exercise tremendous influence on how Arabs/Muslims, previously called 'Saracens,' are perceived and represented in different Christian European, then American narratives and contexts. The Prophet Muhammad was targetdd to discredit him as 'false' Prophet and and 'ambitious' leader. The Images of sexual potency and debauchery was first addressed to Muhammad, and then trasferred to 'Turks', Arabs and 'Moors'. The continuity of the very images hinder any sincere attempts at mutual understanding. These conceptions are reiterated and reproduced in political discourses and campaigns. They have a negative influence how Islam and Msulisms are conceived and treated.
Comparison of the physical properties of different polyimide nanocomposite films containing organoclays varying in alkyl chain lengths
Authors: Lee Seon Ju , Choi Moon Young , Kwac Lee Ku , Kim Hong Gun , Chang Jin-Hae
Published: September 2023

Poly(amic acid) (PAA), a precursor of polyimide (PI), is synthesized by reacting dianhydride 4-(2,5-dioxotetrahydrofuran-3-yl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-1,2-dicarboxylic anhydride with diamine 3,3′-dihydroxybenzidine in N,N′-dimethylacetamide. Organoclays with different alkyl chain lengths were dispersed in PAA, and the weight percentages (wt%) of the organoclays varied. The PI hybrid films were prepared over multiple steps under heat treatment conditions. Bentonite (BTN) was used as the pristine clay, and octylamine (C8) and hexadecylamine (C16) were used to chemically modify the surface of BTN to obtain the desired organoclay samples. Organoclays C8-BTN and C16-BTN were dispersed in a PI matrix, and the organoclay content varied in the range of 1–9 wt%. The thermal, morphological, and optical properties of the PI hybrid films were investigated based on the organoclay content. Although the thermal stability of the PI hybrid film improved when a small amount of organoclay was added, it decreased when the nano-filler content exceeded a certain critical content. Specifically, in the hybrid containing C8-BTN, the critical content is 5 wt%, while in the hybrid with C16-BTN, the critical content is 7 wt%. In addition, the morphology of the clay dispersed in the matrix at the critical content showed the best dispersed phase. The physical properties (thermal characteristics, dispersibility, and optical transparency) of the PI hybrid film containing C16-BTN were better than those of the hybrid film containing C8-BTN. However, the thermal expansion of the C8-BTN hybrid was lower than that of the C16-BTN film at the same content.
Compressive Deformation of Hot-Applied Rubberized Asphalt Waterproofing
Authors: Simmons Nicholas C. , Moser Philip S. , Niles David L.
Published: September 2023

Hot-applied rubberized asphalt (HRA) waterproofing is widely used for plaza decks, terraces, and vegetative roofs. Its thick, seamless application and soft, sticky consistency, which promotes crack bridging, adhesion, and possible self-sealing or gasketing at incidental penetrations, make it an attractive choice for many projects. However, its softness limits its ability to support concentrated loads on some projects, such as masonry veneer or precast concrete bearing points, parking lot wheel loads, or even pavers on undersized pedestals. On some projects, we observed that the HRA assembly deformed to negligible thickness, which created alignment problems for the overburden and raised concerns about whether the membrane would remain watertight. An initial review suggests that HRA exhibits a variety of deformation mechanisms, including elastic, plastic, creep, and viscous fluid flow. We hypothesize that deformation depends on pressure, temperature, time, and confinement. These complexities make it challenging to quantify compressive resistance in terms that are adequate to address real-world applications. Limited compressive deformation data are available from manufacturers. To address these challenges, the authors conducted two phases of research. First, we compiled anecdotal data from projects where HRA had experienced significant thickness loss under concentrated loads. Then we prepared laboratory test specimens of an HRA assembly, applied compressive loads, and measured deformation periodically over approximately three years. The laboratory testing phase investigated deformation as a function of bearing area, pressure, and temperature. We concluded the following: bearing area, pressure, temperature, and time have quantifiable effects on the HRA compressive deformation; our 38-year case study (compared to our laboratory experiment) shows that long-term deformation continues to increase well beyond the first three years; and new industry standards could be developed to help manufacturers establish time-deformation curves for a range of commonly encountered loading conditions and to help project teams avoid problems caused by excessive deformation.
Performance of Aged Asphalt Shingles and Development of Climate-Dependent Durability Index
Authors: Shyti Flonja , Baskaran Bas , Dragomirescu Elena
Published: September 2023

Over 80% of the North American residential (steep-slope) roofs are covered with asphalt shingles. As the water-shedding layer, shingles are exposed to a wide range of weather elements. Weather shocks can negatively impact the field performance of a shingle. Existing North American standards do not provide specifications to quantify properties subjected to the weather shock aging process, and no protocol exists to determine the long-term durability of a shingle. To demonstrate the effects of field and laboratory aging and to develop a framework for the durability of shingles, the National Research Council of Canada undertook a long-term experimental program to evaluate the performance of fiberglass shingles from four different sources. The experimental program studied three aging processes: as-purchased, lab-conditioned, and field-aged. Over 325 specimens were evaluated while focusing on three key properties: tear strength, tensile strength, and fastener pull-through resistance. Properties of the as-purchased samples were used as a baseline to quantify the effect of aging on the shingles’ durability. This paper includes the statistical significance of the measured data. Nevertheless, for simplicity, mean values are used to derive observations and conclusions. Based on those data, the field-aged shingles displayed a maximum reduction of over 50% in tear strength. The majority of the evaluated properties after aging no longer met the minimum requirements that are specified by the North American standards that are referenced in the building codes. Based on these limited data, a framework for a climate-dependent durability index has been proposed for developing a performance-based classification. Demonstration of the framework uses measured mean values. The ongoing experimental program will expand the database and revise, if needed, the presented classifications with data that will be statistically significant.
Distinguishing Fine Structure and Summary Representation of Sound Textures from Neural Activity
Authors: Berto Martina , Ricciardi Emiliano , Pietrini Pietro , Weisz Nathan , Bottari Davide
Published: September 2023

The auditory system relies on both local and summary representations; acoustic local features exceeding system constraints are compacted into a set of summary statistics. Such compression is pivotal for sound-object recognition. Here, we assessed whether computations subtending local and statistical representations of sounds could be distinguished at the neural level. A computational auditory model was employed to extract auditory statistics from natural sound textures (i.e., fire, rain) and to generate synthetic exemplars where local and statistical properties were controlled. Twenty-four human participants were passively exposed to auditory streams while the electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded. Each stream could consist of short, medium, or long sounds to vary the amount of acoustic information. Short and long sounds were expected to engage local or summary statistics representations, respectively. Data revealed a clear dissociation. Compared with summary-based ones, auditory-evoked responses based on local information were selectively greater in magnitude in short sounds. Opposite patterns emerged for longer sounds. Neural oscillations revealed that local features and summary statistics rely on neural activity occurring at different temporal scales, faster (beta) or slower (theta-alpha). These dissociations emerged automatically without explicit engagement in a discrimination task. Overall, this study demonstrates that the auditory system developed distinct coding mechanisms to discriminate changes in the acoustic environment based on fine structure and summary representations.
Comparison of Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN) and k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN) Algorithms for Diabetes Classification
Authors: Azzahrah Diah Siti Fatimah , Alamsyah Alamsyah
Published: September 2023

Purpose: This study aims to compare algorithms to determine the accuracy of the algorithm and determine the speed of the algorithm used for diabetes classification.
Methods: There are two algorithms used in this study, namely Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN) and k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN). The data used is the Pima Indians Diabetes Database. The data contains 768 data with 8 attributes and 1 target class, namely 0 for no diabetes and 1 for diabetes. The dataset has been divided into 80% training data and 20% testing data.
Result: Accuracy is obtained after implementing k-fold cross validation with a value of k = 4. The accuracy results show that the k-Nearest Neighbor algorithm is superior and has better quickness compared to the Probabilistic Neural Network. The k-Nearest Neighbor algorithm obtains an accuracy of 74.6% for all features and 78.1% for four features
Novelty: The novelty of this paper is optimizing and improving accuracy which is implemented with by focusing on data preprocessing, feature selection and k-fold cross validation in the classification algorithm
Stock Return Prediction Using Voting Regressor Ensemble Learning
Authors: Arrohman Ramadhan Ridho , Arifudin Riza
Published: September 2023

Abstract. The value of return on stock prices is often used in predicting profits in the process of buying and selling shares based on the calculation of the return on investment. The calculation of the value of return on stock prices can be predicted automatically at certain periods, both weekly and daily
Purpose: The problem faced is determining a good algorithm for making predictions due to fluctuating data on stock prices making it difficult to predict.
Methods: The stages carried out by the researcher include the data preprocessing stage and then proceed to the Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) stage to get a pattern from the data, followed by the modeling stage on the data. This research was developed using the Python programming language where the models used to make predictions can be obtained in real-time.
Result: The results obtained in this study show that the Voting Regressor has the best model with an error rate of 0.032523 using Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The results of this study can be further developed to automatically predict stock return values in the future.
Bending stiffness of unsymmetrical multilayered corrugated board: Influence of boundary conditions
Authors: Mrówczyński Damian , Pozorska Jolanta , Garbowski Tomasz , Pozorski Zbigniew
Published: September 2023

In laboratory practice, several standards for testing the bending stiffness of corrugated board are used. There are often cases of tests where the results depend on the way the sample is placed on the supports. The problem arises when the board is five-ply (with two corrugated layers with different corrugation heights) or when the board has asymmetrically selected papers on the flat layers. This article focuses on the problem related to boundary conditions, with particular attention to the local effects of the support of the sample. Because the cardboard layers, both flat and corrugated, have a small thickness, a slight deformation of the papers can always be observed at the point of contact between the sample and the support, which affects the readings of the measured stiffness. The paper presents theoretical and numerical analyses showing how much the method of supporting the sample affects the measured bending stiffness of various samples. Numerical observations were compared with the results of analyses presented by other scientists as well as with experimental results.
African Diaspora Protection: Amulets in New Spain, New Granada, and the Caribbean
Authors: Guerrero Mosquera Andrea
Published: September 2023

Objective: To underline that beyond the territories under Portuguese rule, evidence of the use of protective amulets can also be found in places under Hispanic control and the Caribbean. This study aims to enrich historiography on the subject and dialogue with it regarding source analysis and a rereading based on the descriptions of central-western Africa from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century. Methodology: It interrogates sources widely used for the study of African matrix cultures in America from a different perspective and reviews non-written sources that allow visualizing written ones in theircontext. Originality: This paper contributes to the understanding of how sources can be reread to research African Diaspora cultures in the light of their connected history, tracing the use of these amulets in specific socio-cultural contexts. Conclusions: By considering and interrogating diverse sources on the conversion of Africans and the African diaspora in the Americas, these stories transcend the immutable benevolence of Catholicism and Eurocentrism and question the myopia of the Jesuits and inquisitors in New Spain and New Granada when observing African customs.
Las Bellas Artes, el legado artístico colombiano y la Exposición de 1886
Authors: Villegas Gómez Gustavo Adolfo
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: estudiar la Primera Exposición de Bellas Artes en Colombia (1886), teniendo en cuenta su organización y las discusiones críticas que generó, con el fin de comprender las distintas nociones sobre el arte de la época y la concepción de la tradición artística colombiana. Metodología: para ello se analizan algunos textos de teoría estética publicados durante el periodo, los debates críticos referidos a la exposición, los documentos relativos a su organización, su catálogo y algunas de las obras expuestas. Originalidad: las exposiciones artísticas en Colombia han sido estudiadas primordialmente a partir de los discursos críticos. En este caso, se intenta un análisis que reúna las discusiones, las disposiciones normativas, las obras exhibidas y las ideas estéticas al respecto, lo que permite un acercamiento complejo al fenómeno de la exhibición artística. Conclusiones: podemos afirmar que, dada la debilidad del medio artístico colombiano de finales del siglo XIX, la Exposición de Bellas Artes de 1886 fue de gran trascendencia, por cuanto permitía construir un discurso sobre la antigüedad del arte en el país y, al mismo tiempo, expresaba la intención de continuar y fortalecer la tradición artística colombiana.
Ricardo D. Salvatore. La Confederación Argentina y sus subalternos. Integración estatal, política y derechos en el Buenos Aires posindependiente (1820-1860). Santiago de Chile: Ediciones Biblioteca Nacional, 2020. 333 páginas.
Authors: Santilli Daniel
Published: September 2023

El libro de Ricardo Salvatore viene a completar en un solo volumen sus numerosas investigaciones sobre los innominados —desde el punto de vista historiográfico— de la primera mitad del siglo XIX; además, condensa una extensa y persistente investigación archivística de muchos años. La fallida proletarización rosista, el estudio de los adherentes a la federación —de bolsillo o poniendo el cuerpo—, las masas indígenas, el accionar de los paisanos ante el poder judicial, etc., son los hitos que fueron conformando este libro. Esa persistencia hace que su conocimiento de los sujetos que analiza sea impecable. Los y las que accedimos a sus trabajos desde los inicios de los años noventa podemos dar testimonio de ello. Pero el autor no solo unifica investigaciones previas, sino que incorpora bajo el paraguas conceptual de los estudios subalternos sujetos antes no estudiados particularmente.
Educação contemporânea
Authors: Rodrigues Karoline Santos , Teixeira Zenaide Dias , Silva Ronaldo Rodrigues da
Published: September 2023

Versar sobre educação inclusiva na sociedade atual requer uma reflexão sobre as rupturas pelas quais essa temática vem passando. Outrossim, com base no que for construtivo, considerar estratégias ou práticas de ensino as quais contemplem a desejada inclusão de qualidade para estudantes com deficiência é imprescindível. A proposta deste trabalho é guiada pela pergunta: quais os desafios da educação inclusiva para a pós-modernidade? No presente artigo, portanto, enfatiza-se a relação do pensamento pós-moderno com o modelo biopsicossocial de inclusão, analisando o contexto atual. Nosso objetivo geral é discutir o cenário da pós-modernidade, utilizando-o como um eixo para pensarmos a construção da diversidade e seus desafios quanto às questões direcionadas à educação inclusiva. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, de cunho qualitativo e caráter teórico, que abrange discussões voltadas aos paradigmas da educação inclusiva e das concepções pós-modernas no campo da educação. Como resultados, apontamos o potencial da interdisciplinaridade entre diferentes áreas, que em conjunto com a pedagogia da diferenciação, considera uma prática que implica na valorização das individualidades, sem omissão do trabalho coletivo.
Transglutaminase induced whey cheese production: impact of different ratios on yield, texture, and sensory properties
Authors:   Ankara University Faculty of Agriculture Department of Dairy Technology, Turkey, Ceren Akal H.
Published: September 2023

The yield of whey cheese production is often low, and its texture is often soft. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of different ratios (2 U/g protein and 5 U/g protein) of microbial transglutaminase (mTG) on composition (dry matter, ash, protein, and fat), yield, and acidity (pH and lactic acid), microbiological properties (Lactococcus, Lactobacillus and total aerobic mesophilic bacteria counts), texture profile, electrophoretic properties (SDS-PAGE) and sensory properties (appearance, texture and taste) of whey cheese. The samples with 2 U/g protein mTG had better properties in terms of yield, hardness and sensory values. The results from SDS-PAGE also showed that the sample with 2 U/g protein mTG had more cross-linking than the sample with 5 U/g protein mTG. In comparison, the sample with 5 U/g protein mTG had a lower number of lactic acid bacteria and poor sensory characteristics. These results indicate that the addition of mTG in an appropriate amount (2 U/g protein) can improve the yield, texture profile, and sensory properties of whey cheese, while excessive addition of mTG can negatively affect these properties.
A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis of the Relationships between Perceived Occupational Stress, Burnout, and Teacher Resilience
Authors: Karimi Mohammad Nabi , Adam Shahla Bani
Published: September 2023

Challenged with the task of effectively performing a wide range of roles and obligations in their work, teachers are believed to have one of the most stress-provoking professions (Johnson, Cooper, Cartwright, Donald, Taylor, & Millet, 2005). Closely associated with teacher stress and role complexity, teacher burnout can be considered a professional plight which is likely to afflict every teacher during his/her career. This study aimed to investigate the interrelationships of teaching context, perceived occupational stress, and burnout, with the mediating role of teacher resilience among Iranian EFL teachers. To this end, validated versions of four questionnaires were administered to 400 Iranian EFL teachers. The collected data were analyzed via Structural Equation Modeling. The results showed that lack of supervisory support, as a dimension of teaching context, can lead to teachers’ occupational stress more than other dimensions. Moreover, significant positive relationships were found between teachers’ occupational stress and their burnout level. There were also significant negative relationships between teacher resilience and occupational stress and burnout. Teacher resilience can be assumed to have a mediatory role in the relationship between occupational stress and burnout, in that it reduces occupational stress and results in the reduction of burnout.
Hygienic assessment of palm oil content in dairy products as a measure of health protection
Authors: Matviichuk Olena , Yeromenko Rymma , Dolzhykova Olena , Matviichuk Anatolii , Karabut Larysa
Published: September 2023

Nutrition provides the most important function of the human body, providing it with the energy it needs for an active life and longevity. Experts of the World Health Organization have proven that eating palm oil leads to obesity and the development of chronic diseases on a global scale.
The aim of the study was to examine different types of dairy products of brands popular on the modern Ukrainian market for the content of palm oil.
Materials and methods. To carry out the research, we purchased the following dairy products: pasteurized milk, pasteurized milk-containing drink, sour cream, milk-containing sour cream product, hard cheese and cheese product, processed cheese and processed cheese product, as well as sweet cream butter and vegetable cream product of popular brands. The research was carried out using the methods described in the educational literature on the hygienic examination of milk and dairy products. The choice of methods was based on ease of implementation and reproducibility at home.
Results. As a result of the use of selected research methods, characteristic differences between natural products and those containing palm oil have been established. The conducted research will allow consumers to quickly determine the content of vegetable fats in dairy products under normal conditions and choose natural, healthy and safe products for their nutrition.
Conclusion. After analyzing the milk and milk-containing products of the most popular brands for the presence of palm oil in their composition, we found that no vegetable fats were found in dairy products (milk, cheese, butter, and sour cream). The presence of vegetable fat was detected in milk-containing products, which was indicated on the packaging as part of the products. So, as a result of the conducted research, we came to the conclusion that manufacturers comply with the requirements of current legislation and warn consumers about the presence of fats of vegetable origin in milk-containing products
Free radical scavenging effect of extracts from \(\textit{Isaria cicadae}\) F0004 in Vietnam
Authors: Lam Khac Ky , Huynh Thi Nguyet , Dinh Minh Hiep , Ngo Hung Dai
Published: September 2023

Isaria cicadae, currently identified as Paecilomyces cicadae (Miq.) Samson (Cordycipitaceae, Hypocreales, Ascomycetes), is a parasitic fungus on cicadas and is considered a folk medicine in traditional medicine. In this research, the antioxidant activity of some extracts from the biomass and fruit bodies of Isaria cicadae F0004 isolated in Vietnam was investigated. The results showed that the Ethyl acetate (EA) fraction extract of the biomass of Isaria cicadae F0004 exhibited the best antioxidant activity in vitro, with IC50 values of 159.73 ± 7.33 μg/mL (DPPH assay) and 379.25 ± 7.33 μg/mL (ABTS assay). Meanwhile, the EA fraction extract of the fruit bodies of I. cicadae F0004 showed antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 90.8 ± 2.36 μg/mL (xanthine oxidase inhibition), 68.631 ± 0.632 μg/mL (protein membrane protection), 19.042 ± 1.072 μg/mL (lipid membrane protection). Furthermore, the EA fraction extract of the fruit bodies of I. cicadae F0004 exhibited a strong capability for DNA damage protection at 100 μg/mL concentration and ∆OD4000 μg/mL = 0.422 ± 0.014 (reducing power). Therefore, the EA fraction extract of I. cicadae F0004 serves as an effective free radical scavenger and a potential source of natural antioxidants, and this study contributes more information on the biological activities of I. cicadae F0004 from local raw materials.