bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Review of Cryptocurrencies as Financial Assets
Authors: Manjare Sagar O. , Ningule Surekha
Published: September 2024

A cryptocurrency is a type of digital money used as a medium of exchange
over a computer network that is not always backed and maintained by a country's
central bank or government. Since the introduction of Bitcoin in 2009, hundreds of
different “cryptocurrencies” have been created and accepted for a variety of
transactions in top online marketplaces, the “sharing economy,” as well as more
conventional retailers, producers, charities, and political organisations. This paper will
take a thorough look at the qualities of cryptocurrencies as financial assets. We talk
about how crypto generates value, as well as trading and information platforms. Then
we look at crypto-currencies as alternative financial assets, looking at their returns and
how they interact with bitcoin and each other. We assess their inclusion to investors'
portfolios and demonstrate that, due to their small co-movements with existing assets
as well as with each other, they can certainly improve portfolio diversity. In addition,
we assess three pure crypto-currency portfolios: an equally weighted, a value-weighted,
and one based on the CRIX. The CRIX portfolio has a lower risk than any of the
tradable crypto-currencies individually. We also keep track of how the crypto-currency
sector is evolving. A growth in market value is accompanied by increased liquidity, and
a rising number of cryptos are contributing bigger sums to the total crypto market
capitalization. (Determining the value, size, or quality of) Bitcoin's role and influence
are the emphasis of this chapter. Techno-Indians are discussing, investing, and owning
Bitcoin at a time when India is at its most technologically advanced in history. This
article is the outcome of an investigation on the current and potential role of Bitcoin in
the Indian economy (the process through which individuals make, trade, and purchase
goods). New definitions argue that cryptocurrency is a replacement for fiat currency.
The attention of legal/law-based entities is focused on cryptocurrencies because of the
global interest in it (now under different control). In another country, it is seen as
distinct and distinct. The status of bitcoin in India is now being tested/evaluated. As a
result of this study, it is determined that bitcoin is neither a money or legal tender under
Indian law, but rather a product that may be traded.
Unraveling the Role of Maternal Thyroid Hormones on Fetal Development
Authors: Bernal Juan
Published: September 2024

Over the past four decades, a substantial body of evidence has emerged
demonstrating the permeability of the placenta to thyroid hormones. Maternal thyroid
hormones cross the placental barrier, becoming present in embryonic tissues well
before the onset of thyroid gland function in both rodents and humans. This raises a
fundamental question regarding the extent to which certain early developmental
processes rely on maternal hormonal influence. While this concept is firmly supported
by robust experimental data in rodents, the situation in humans is more nuanced.
Numerous clinical observations suggest that a reduction in T4 levels in the blood of
otherwise euthyroid pregnant women, a condition known as hypothyroxinemia, may
have adverse effects on fetal development. However, clinical trials aimed at assessing
the impact of treating maternal hypothyroxinemia with T4 have yielded disappointing
results thus far, leaving the matter unresolved.
The Allan-Herndon-Dudley Syndrome: Pathophysiology and Mouse Models of MCT8 Deficiency
Authors: Bernal Juan
Published: September 2024

Mutations of the thyroid hormone cell-transporter gene, monocarboxylate
transporter 8, or MCT8, cause an X-linked syndrome characterized by altered thyroid
hormone concentrations in serum, profound neuromotor impairment, and cognitive
deficits. This chapter describes the clinical features of the syndrome and analyzes the
mechanisms of disease from studies of MCT8 deficiency in mice. The final section of
the chapter describes the available treatments and experimental therapies.
Mechanisms of Thyroid Hormone Action on Adult Neurogenesis
Authors: Bernal Juan
Published: September 2024

In adult mammals, neurogenesis persists throughout life in two active sites:
the ventricular-subventricular zone along the lateral ventricles and the subgranular zone
of the hippocampus. In rodents, postnatal neural stem cells with astrocytic properties,
originating from embryonic ventricular radial glia, generate a continuous, lifelong
supply of neurons for the olfactory bulb and glia for the corpus callosum. Thyroid
hormones play a regulatory role in this process. In humans, ventricular neurogenesis is
minimal, but hippocampal neurogenesis extensively remodels the dentate gyrus,
influencing memory and mood. Hippocampal neurogenesis begins with stem cells in
the dentate gyrus subgranular layer, generating a sequential lineage of intermediate
precursors and neuroblasts. These neuroblasts migrate to the granular layer,
differentiate into granular cells, and integrate into the existing dentate gyrus neuronal
pool. Thyroid hormone specifically regulates the late stages of this process, promoting
the terminal differentiation of neuroblasts and facilitating their functional integration.
Hypothyroidism disrupts hippocampal neurogenesis, impacting learning, memory, and
mood. The intricate regulation of adult neurogenesis by thyroid hormone highlights
their crucial role in maintaining cognitive and emotional functions.
Digital Library Revolution: Welcoming the Era of AI Robots as Future Knowledge Assistants
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Cuikitalia Cuikitalia , Prayitno Heri ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Gusra Dedi ,   Universitas Brawijaya
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI) technology has permeated various sectors, including libraries. While AI robots have been extensively studied in many fields, research on their application in libraries remains limited. This study explores the potential, challenges, and impact of AI robot integration in future libraries. Methods: A systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted using the Scopus database. Content analysis was applied to identify the use, challenges, and impact of AI robot integration in libraries, including current technologies and future projections. Results: From 592 initial articles, 21 were selected for data extraction after screening and quality assessment. The research reveals AI robots' potential to enhance service efficiency, personalization, and user experience while promoting innovation in libraries. Implementation challenges include technical, social, economic, legal, ethical, educational, and environmental aspects. Impacts include improved services, operational efficiency, and transformed staff roles. Discussion: AI robot integration in future libraries focuses on enhancing customer service, collection management, and security. Major challenges lie in educational, social, legal, and ethical domains. While significant impacts on service quality and efficiency are expected, changes in user experience and overall operations may be less dramatic. Conclusion: AI robot integration in libraries has the potential to significantly improve services and efficiency. While technical challenges can be addressed, social and legal aspects require careful consideration. A balanced approach to AI implementation is necessary to maximize benefits while minimizing disruption in the library environment.
Toward Better Semantic Interoperability of Data Element Repositories in Medicine: Analysis Study
Authors: Hu Zhengyong , Wang Anran , Duan Yifan , Zhou Jiayin , Hu Wanfei , Wu Sizhu
Published: September 2024

Background

Data element repositories facilitate high-quality medical data sharing by standardizing data and enhancing semantic interoperability. However, the application of repositories is confined to specific projects and institutions.

Objective

This study aims to explore potential issues and promote broader application of data element repositories within the medical field by evaluating and analyzing typical repositories.

Methods

Following the inclusion of 5 data element repositories through a literature review, a novel analysis framework consisting of 7 dimensions and 36 secondary indicators was constructed and used for evaluation and analysis.

Results

The study’s results delineate the unique characteristics of different repositories and uncover specific issues in their construction. These issues include the absence of data reuse protocols and insufficient information regarding the application scenarios and efficacy of data elements. The repositories fully comply with only 45% (9/20) of the subprinciples for Findable and Reusable in the FAIR principle, while achieving a 90% (19/20 subprinciples) compliance rate for Accessible and 67% (10/15 subprinciples) for Interoperable.

Conclusions

The recommendations proposed in this study address the issues to improve the construction and application of repositories, offering valuable insights to data managers, computer experts, and other pertinent stakeholders.
Clinical Decision Support and Natural Language Processing in Medicine: Systematic Literature Review (Preprint)
Authors: Eguia Hans , Sánchez-Bocanegra Carlos Luis , Vinciarelli Franco , Alvarez-Lopez Fernando , Saigí-Rubió Francesc
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Ensuring access to accurate and verified information is essential for effective patient treatment and diagnosis. Although health workers rely on the internet for clinical data, there is a need for a more streamlined approach.

OBJECTIVE

This systematic review aims to assess the current state of artificial intelligence (AI) and natural language processing (NLP) techniques in health care to identify their potential use in electronic health records and automated information searches.

METHODS

A search was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science online databases for articles published between January 2000 and April 2023. The only inclusion criteria were (1) original research articles and studies on the application of AI-based medical clinical decision support using NLP techniques and (2) publications in English. A Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool was used to assess the quality of the studies.

RESULTS

The search yielded 707 articles, from which 26 studies were included (24 original articles and 2 systematic reviews). Of the evaluated articles, 21 (81%) explained the use of NLP as a source of data collection, 18 (69%) used electronic health records as a data source, and a further 8 (31%) were based on clinical data. Only 5 (19%) of the articles showed the use of combined strategies for NLP to obtain clinical data. In total, 16 (62%) articles presented stand-alone data review algorithms. Other studies (n=9, 35%) showed that the clinical decision support system alternative was also a way of displaying the information obtained for immediate clinical use.

CONCLUSIONS

The use of NLP engines can effectively improve clinical decision systems’ accuracy, while biphasic tools combining AI algorithms and human criteria may optimize clinical diagnosis and treatment flows.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO CRD42022373386; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=373386
Exploring Racial Disparities in Awareness and Perceptions of Oncology Clinical Trials: Cross-Sectional Analysis of Baseline Data From the mychoice Study (Preprint)
Authors: Hoadley Ariel , Fleisher Linda , Kenny Cassidy , Kelly Patrick JA , Ma Xinrui , Wu Jingwei , Guerra Carmen , Leader Amy E , Alhajji Mohammed , D’Avanzo Paul , Landau Zoe , Bass Sarah Bauerle
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Black/African American adults are underrepresented in oncology clinical trials in the United States, despite efforts at narrowing this disparity.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to explore differences in how Black/African American oncology patients perceive clinical trials to improve support for the clinical trial participation decision-making process.

METHODS

As part of a larger randomized controlled trial, a total of 244 adult oncology patients receiving active treatment or follow-up care completed a cross-sectional baseline survey on sociodemographic characteristics, clinical trial knowledge, health literacy, perceptions of cancer clinical trials, patient activation, patient advocacy, health care self-efficacy, decisional conflict, and clinical trial intentions. Self-reported race was dichotomized into Black/African American and non–Black/African American. As appropriate, 2-tailed t tests and chi-square tests of independence were used to examine differences between groups.

RESULTS

Black/African American participants had lower clinical trial knowledge (P=.006), lower health literacy (P<.001), and more medical mistrust (all P values <.05) than non–Black/African American participants. While intentions to participate in a clinical trial, if offered, did not vary between Black/African American and non–Black/African American participants, Black/African American participants indicated lower awareness of clinical trials, fewer benefits of clinical trials, and more uncertainty around clinical trial decision-making (all P values <.05). There were no differences for other variables.

CONCLUSIONS

Despite no significant differences in intent to participate in a clinical trial if offered and high overall trust in individual health care providers among both groups, beliefs persist about barriers to and benefits of clinical trial participation among Black/African American patients. Findings highlight specific ways that education and resources about clinical trials could be tailored to better suit the informational and decision-making needs and preferences of Black/African American oncology patients.
Development of a Data-Based Method for Predicting Nursing Workload in an Acute Care Hospital: A Methodological Study (Preprint)
Authors: McMahon Mark , Plate Sylvie , Herz Tobias , Brenner Gabi , Kleinknecht-Dolf Michael , Krauthammer Michael
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Determining effective nurse staffing levels is crucial for ensuring quality patient care and operational efficiency within hospitals. Traditional workload prediction methods often rely on professional judgment or simple volume-based approaches, which can be inaccurate. Machine learning offers a promising avenue for more data-driven and precise predictions.

OBJECTIVE

This methodological study aims to use nursing activity data, specifically LEP (Leistungserfassung in der Pflege; “documentation of nursing activities”), to predict future workload requirements using machine learning techniques.

METHODS

We conducted a retrospective observational study at the University Hospital of Zürich, using nursing workload data for inpatients across eight wards, collected between 2017 and 2021. Data were transformed to represent nursing workload per ward and shift, with three shifts per day. Variables used in modeling included historical workload trends, patient characteristics, and upcoming operations. Machine learning models, including linear regression variants and tree-based methods (Random Forest and XGBoost), were trained and tested on this dataset to predict workload 72 hours in advance, on a shift-by-shift basis. Model performance was assessed using mean absolute error (MAE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and results were compared against a baseline of assuming no change in workload from the time of prediction. Prediction accuracy was further evaluated by categorizing future workload changes into decreased, similar, or increased workload relative to current shift levels.

RESULTS

Our findings demonstrate that machine learning models consistently outperform the baseline across all wards. The best-performing model achieved an average 24.99% improvement in accuracy compared to the baseline. Key variables identified as important for predictions include historical shift workload averages and overall ward workload trends.

CONCLUSIONS

This study suggests the potential of machine learning to enhance nurse workload prediction, while highlighting the need for refinement. Limitations due to potential discrepancies between recorded nursing activities and the actual workload highlight the need for further investigation into data quality. To maximize impact, future research should focus on: 1) utilizing more diverse data, 2) more advanced machine learning architecture that perform time-series modelling, 3) addressing data quality concerns, and 4) conducting controlled trials for real-world evaluation.
The Elastic EHR: A Five-Tiered Framework for Applying AI to Electronic Health Record Maintenance, Configuration, and Use (Preprint)
Authors: Uptegraft Colby , Black Kameron Collin , Gale Jonathan , Marshall Andrew , He Shuhan
Published: September 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Properly configuring modern electronic health records (EHRs) has become increasingly challenging for human operators, failing to fully meet the efficiency and cost-saving potential seen with the digitization of other sectors. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) offers a promising solution, particularly through a comprehensive governance approach that moves beyond front-end enhancements like user- and patient-facing co-pilots. These co-pilots, although useful, are limited by the underlying EHR configuration, leading to inefficiencies and high maintenance costs. To address this, we propose the concept of an "Elastic EHR," which proactively suggests and validates optimal content and configuration (C&C) changes, significantly reducing governance costs and enhancing user experience, reducing many of the common frustrations including documentation burden, alert fatigue, system responsiveness, outdated content, and unintuitive design.

Our five-tiered model details a structured approach to AI integration within EHRs. Tier I focuses on autonomous database reconfiguration, akin to Oracle Autonomous Database functionalities, to ensure continuous system improvements without direct edits to the production environment. Tier II empowers EHR clients to shape system performance according to predefined strategies and standards, ensuring coordinated and efficient EHR solution builds. Tier III optimizes EHR choice architecture by analyzing user behaviors and suggesting C&C changes that minimize clicks and keystrokes, thereby enhancing workflow efficiency. Tier IV maintains the currency of EHR clinical content and decision support by linking C&C to updated guidelines and literature, ensuring the EHR remains evidence-based and compliant with evolving standards. Finally, Tier V incorporates context-dependent AI co-pilots to enhance care efficiency, quality, and user experience.

Despite the potential benefits, major limitations exist. The market dominance of a few major EHR vendors—Epic Systems, Oracle Health, and MEDITECH—poses a challenge as any enhancements require their cooperation and financial motivation. Furthermore, the diverse and complex nature of healthcare environments demands a flexible yet robust AI system that can adapt to various institutional needs that has not yet been developed, researched, or tested.

The Elastic EHR model proposes a five-tiered framework for optimizing EHR systems and user experience with AI. By overcoming the identified limitations through vendor-led, collaborative efforts, AI-enabled EHRs could improve the efficiency, quality, and user experience of healthcare delivery, fully delivering on the promises of digitization within healthcare.
A quantitative study on Videoconferencing Psychotherapy: the more control clinicians want, the more features they need. (Preprint)
Authors: Cataldo Francesco , Chang Shanton , Mendoza Antonette , Buchanan Geroge , Van Dam Nicholas
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Covid-19 forced psychologists and other mental health professionals to use videoconference platforms. Previous research highlights therapists’ hesitation towards adopting the medium since they find it hard to establish control over Videoconference Psychotherapy.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to investigate whether the introduction of new technical features might improve clinicians’ control over Videoconference Psychotherapy

METHODS

In total, 121 mental health professionals responded to our survey, but only 86 participants provided complete data. We used Exploratory Factor Analysis to scrutinise the data collected. Three factors were identified: Challenges in providing Videoconference Psychotherapy, Features to enhance Therapeutic Relationship and Enhancing Control. Path analysis was used to observe the relationship between factors on their own and with adjustment to participants’ areas of expertise and year in practice.

RESULTS

This study highlighted a relationship between the three factors identified. It emerges that the introduction of features reduces therapists’ challenges in the provision of Videoconferencing Psychotherapy. Moreover, the additional features help therapists to enhance control over their Videoconference Psychotherapy sessions.

CONCLUSIONS

This study has shown how by augmenting therapists’ control over their Videoconference Psychotherapy, clinicians would be able to impact patients’ reality, and facilitate successful therapy outcomes. Moreover, this study confirms the Video as a third agent which prevents therapists from influencing clients’ reality due to technical and relational limits. Additionally, this study supports the General System Theory which permitted to incorporate the Video in our exploration and to explain its agency in Videoconference psychotherapy.
Optimizando la evaluación de la mano desde una perspectiva de funcionalidad
Authors: Chávez Delgado Alberto , Galarza Chávez Víctor Iván , Ramírez Vera Bianca Elena , Urresta Tascón Sebastián
Published: September 2024

The primary goal of this manuscript is to provide a functional perspective on hand physical examination. Therefore, the key points that are considered necessary to make a functional approach to the hand were compiled from bibliographic sources and the experience of the authors. Since it is an anatomical structure with high relevance for functionality, it is commented that it represents 33 % of the functionality of an upper extremity, for this it is relevant to know how to approach it based on the functionality, which is why the evaluation of the hand and fingers is essential, emphasizing their mobility, performing quantitative and qualitative measurements such as the use of indices of mobility and the useof a finger goniometer, the measurement of force can be measured in the same ways with the use of manual muscle examination and hand dynamometry, respectively, and thus consider biomechanical concepts such as the use of levers .For these reasons, it is necessary to implement an assessment of the hand and fingers focused on functionality, keeping in mind the factors that could modify the examination and thus be able to report an assessment more oriented to the patient's deficiencies and needs. Keywords: Hand; fingers; functionality; strength; evaluation
La Patria y su autor
Authors: Fortoul van der Goes Teresa I.
Published: September 2024

If, dear reader, you belong to the generations that received free textbooks during their primary education, on the cover of which the figure of a woman wrapped in a tunic white with indigenous features was observed,. Or if you belong to more recent generations, you will certainly recognize the work by Jorge González Camarena, who was not only the author of La Patria, but also of others national icons such as the Independence Monument, and many more. His work has transcended borders and his legacy endures. He was inspired by the splendor of the culture and history of Mexico to produce the most fascinating works that became him a defender of the arts whose imprint is still present.
Asynchronous Pulse vs. Synchronous Rhythm: Choosing the Right System Architecture
Authors: Pathuri Revanth
Published: September 2024

This article explores the fundamental paradigms of event-driven and synchronous systems in software architecture, examining their key features, ideal use cases, benefits, and challenges. It delves into the asynchronous nature of event-driven systems, highlighting their scalability and flexibility, while also discussing the predictability and consistency offered by synchronous approaches. The article presents statistical data on adoption rates, performance metrics, and industry trends, drawing from reputable sources such as Microsoft Azure, Gartner, and IEEE studies. It further investigates the factors influencing architectural choices and introduces the concept of hybrid approaches that combine elements of both paradigms. By providing a comprehensive comparison, this article aims to equip software architects and developers with the knowledge to make informed decisions in designing modern, efficient, and scalable systems.
Ethical Considerations in Clinical Trials: Ethical Dilemmas in Patient Consent and Animal Testing
Authors: H Mehamrita
Published: September 2024

Clinical trials are indispensable to the advancement of medical science, providing a framework for evaluating the safety and efficacy of new treatments, interventions, and technologies. However, they present profound ethical challenges, particularly in relation to patient consent and the use of animals in preclinical testing. Informed consent is central to safeguarding patient autonomy, yet practical difficulties arise from issues such as patient comprehension, vulnerability, and cultural differences. Animal testing, while traditionally viewed as a necessary component of preclinical research, prompts serious ethical concerns regarding animal welfare and the broader moral implications of causing harm to animals for human benefit. This review examines these ethical dilemmas, tracing their historical evolution, analysing current regulatory frameworks, and evaluating potential alternatives to both patient consent challenges and animal testing. Through the examination of case studies like the Tuskegee Syphilis Study and the Henrietta Lacks case, as well as debates surrounding animal rights, this article emphasizes the need for continuous ethical vigilance and adaptive frameworks that can balance scientific progress with moral responsibility.
Combining Fuzzy MCDM and Machine Learning for Predictive Analytics in Diabetes Management
Authors: Yasodha Dr. P.
Published: September 2024

This study utilizes the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) to evaluate the factors influencing the risk of diabetes-related complications. Data was collected from diabetes specialists in Coimbatore, each with over 15 years of experience, to construct a pairwise comparison matrix based on expert opinions. The analysis identified six key criteria: Age (C1), Cardiopulmonary function (C2), Cardiovascular disease (C3), Family history of sudden death (C4), Smoking (C5), and Blood glucose (C6). The results reveal that Cardiopulmonary function (C2) is the most critical factor, with a weight of 0.1193, followed by Age (C1) and Family history of sudden death (C4). While long-term health indicators are more influential than immediate lifestyle factors, the contributions of Smoking (C5) and Alcoholism (C6) are still relevant. These findings emphasize the need for a comprehensive approach to diabetes management that balances inherent and lifestyle-related risks.
Synopsis on Experimental and Finite Element Analysis of Brake-Shoe
Authors: Mane Mr. Balkrishna Dinkar
Published: September 2024

Design engineers always aim at improvement in each and every part of the automobile system. The automobile industry has continued improving for many years with the efforts conducted for the purpose of modification of the mechanical parts of vehicles in order to improve their performance and vibration response. These characteristics have a vital impact on the mechanical performance of the overall system balance. In addition, redesigning the mechanical models plays an important role in improving the sustainability of the system against the resultant stresses and strains; therefore, significant consideration should be taken for this when designed by engineers. A brake shoe is the part of a braking system that has brake lining used in automobiles. It is a device put on a track to slow down a bike; it is also called a brake shoe. When the brake is applied, the shoe moves and presses the lining against the inside of the drum. The friction between the lining and drum provides the braking effort. Energy is dissipated as heat
Economic Growth in Indonesia: Dynamics of Poverty, Unemployment, and Health Budgets
Authors: Sulaeman Maman , Suharno Suharno , Ahmad Abdul Aziz
Published: September 2024

Even with Indonesia's impressive recent economic expansion, issues including poverty, unemployment, health care spending, housing, education, and labor productivity continue to be serious problems. International organization databases, government reports, academic publications, national statistics agencies, and academic publications are some of the sources that can be used for secondary quantitative data analysis encompassing 34 provinces from 2018 to 2022. The results show that unemployment, poverty all have a detrimental effect on economic growth. On the other hand health budget allocations all have a favorable impact. The study concludes that while investments in health budgets positively influence growth by enhancing human capital and, poverty, unemployment negatively impact economic growth. This study's conclusion about the correlation between the variables can offer insightful information to practitioners across a range of fields and public policy.
Sustainable public procurement for supply chain resilience and competitive advantage
Authors: Benchekroun Houda , Benmamoun Zoubida , Hachimi Hanaa
Published: September 2024

Public procurement plays a crucial role in national economies, as it represents a significant share of public spending. Governments can thus use this considerable purchasing power to promote environmental sustainability, social responsibility, and economic efficiency, while encouraging the supplier market to innovate and adopt more sustainable practices to remain competitive, and to generate more resilient supply chains. Given the interdisciplinary nature of the subject of sustainable public procurement (SPP), the documentation is abundant and diverse, hence the need for an updated literature review especially in the aftermath of the COVID-19 crisis period. This article consists of a systematic literature review focusing on articles with an empirical approach. The results reveal, among other things, 8 main research themes subdivided into 19 sub-themes, with a dominance of literature on the obstacles and incentives related to the implementation of SPP, while those concerning e-procurement and the analysis of the social life cycle remain relatively limited. The study also underscores the role of local economies and SMEs in public procurement strategies. It highlights a trend towards geographical diversification, indicating the global significance of SPP, with noticeable differences in adoption between developed and developing countries. The review calls for future research to focus on developing practical frameworks and tools for integrating sustainability more comprehensively in public procurement. The findings illuminate the pivotal role of SPP as a mechanism steering societies towards a sustainable, resilient, and equitable future, particularly in a post-pandemic world.
Location selection for logistics centre using PROMETHEE method
Authors: Fabry Jan , Zapletal Frantisek , Machacova Tereza
Published: September 2024

Logistics and distribution centres are essential to the supply chains of many manufacturing and logistics companies. Efficiently locating logistic centres involves thorough search for optimal place, prioritizing proximity to suppliers and minimizing costs. Companies’ management often solves the location problem of new halls, mostly to minimise the associated costs. Such a problem is solved in the automotive industry as part of the launch of a new international project. The key factor for the decision of where to locate the logistics centre is the location of the suppliers, since material deliveries generate a large part of the project costs. The aim of this study is to define a methodology for the location of the logistics centre, considering several alternative locations and relevant criteria. The location alternatives and criteria are defined in terms of minimising project costs and sustainability elements. The problem is solved using the multi-criteria decision-making approach. First, the AHP method is used to assign weights to the criteria. Then the PROMETHEE method is applied to find a suitable location for the logistics centre and to perform a thorough sensitivity analysis. The sensitivity analysis is focused on the impact of values of weights on the solution. Consequently, the analysis proves the correctness of the selected alternative. Based on the case study, a general methodology for locating a logistics centre is proposed.
Dynamics of gender justice in the state’s negation of victims of sexual violence
Authors: Meiliana Trinita , Mayrudin Yeby Ma'asan
Published: September 2024

This article examines the complexities surrounding the construction and understanding of gender justice for women victims of sexual violence who are overlooked by the state. Addressing the need for justice for these victims is vital, as women frequently face discriminatory treatment that can lead to victim-blaming. The study uses a qualitative, phenomenological approach based on Creswell's framework, emphasizing the interpretation of 'Gender Justice' through the experiences of key informants, which highlight varied perspectives influenced by their life experiences. The research primarily incorporates Gender and Feminism Theory and Gender Justice to analyze the issue. Key findings reveal a lack of empathy and insufficient training among law enforcement regarding sexual violence cases, along with stigma and intimidation from officers, coupled with inadequate legal protections for victims. Additionally, the legal bureaucracy is convoluted and unresponsive, making the current legal system ineffective in achieving gender justice and often neglecting the rights and needs of sexual violence survivors. These results indicate that the existing legal and governmental frameworks fail to provide equitable gender justice, often overlooking the requirements and rights of survivors. Legal certainty should be clear and consistent; however, in reality, victims often do not experience this certainty. The injustices faced by survivors stem not only from legal shortcomings but also from entrenched discriminatory and patriarchal social norms.
Empowering family resilience: Muslim women’s impact in Perbaungan
Authors: Arifianti Sari Maharani , Nasution Yenni Samri Julianti , Atika Atika
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to explore the contributions of women in Melati I Village, Perbaungan District, who engage in trade to support their family economy. The objective was to examine how these women manage the dual roles of working while maintaining their household responsibilities. A qualitative research methodology was employed, with data collected through semi-structured interviews involving five respondents. The findings indicated that women worked for a variety of reasons, including self-development, social engagement, and economic necessity. Their participation in work had a positive impact on the family's financial stability, but also posed challenges, particularly in balancing time between work, family, and community obligations. The study revealed that despite the difficulties, women were able to manage these dual roles through strategies such as open communication with their husbands, maintaining a balance between their domestic and public responsibilities, and ensuring that their work aligned with Islamic values, which emphasize the preservation of their honor and fulfillment of household duties. The research concluded that with the right strategies, women could make significant contributions to the family economy without compromising family relationships or societal values. These findings underscore the importance of further empowering women in the family economy to enhance their potential in strengthening family economic resilience.
Synthesis, characterization and electrochemical properties of iron doped phosphate tungsten heteropoly acid (Fe-PWA) and it’s bronze (Fe-PWB): Comparative study
Authors: Ackovic Jovana , Micic Ruzica , Nedic Zoran , Petrovic Tamara , Sencanski Jelena , Pagnacco Maja , Tancic Pavle
Published: September 2024

In this work, synthesized 12-tungstenphosphoric acid (H3PW12O40 ? nH2O; PWA) was further ionically exchanged with Fe3+ ions, which led to the formation of the 12- tungstophosporic acid iron salt, (FePW12O40 ? nH2O; Fe-PWA). Fe-PWA was then subjected to thermal analysis (TGA/DTA), determining the phase transition temperature of 576?C from Fe-PWA to its corresponding phosphate tungsten bronze doped with iron, Fe-PWB. Using the X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning electron microscopy with an energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) method, the obtained Fe-PWA and Fe-PWB were additionally characterized, and compared. Due to channels and cavities in their structures, Fe-PWA and Fe-PWB were next examined as electrode materials for aqueous rechargeable batteries. Electrochemical measurements were done in aqueous solutions of 6 M LiNO3 by cyclic voltammetry. Fe-PWA and Fe-PWB exhibit different redox processes, which are discussed thoroughly in this work. Electrochemical results are showing that within the Fe-PWA structure, more Li+ ions can be intercalated in the first discharge cycle, but consecutive cycling leads to a fast capacity fade. While the Fe- PWB redox process was stable during cycling, its specific capacity is limited by the material's poor electrical conductivity. Improvements in Fe-PWB conductivity must be addressed in future studies in order to boost material?s electrochemical performance.
2024-25 Guide to Medications for the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Neumiller Joshua J.
Published: September 2024

The 2024-25 Guide to Medications for the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus is a complete and newly revised reference for every physician, clinician, and educator treating people with diabetes. Compiled and edited by a team of noted pharmacology experts specializing in diabetes care, this guide addresses all aspects of diabetes drug classes including insulins, biguanides, thiazolidinediones, sulfonylureas, glinides, SGLT2 inhibitors, α-glucosidase inhibitors, DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 RAs, pramlintide, bile acid sequestrants, and dopamine-2 RAs. Each discussion reflects the latest guidance of the American Diabetes Association’s Standards of Care in Diabetes. This guide also features chapters on medication management of comorbidities such as: Neuropathy Chronic Kidney Disease Retinopathy Hypoglycemia Obesity Depression
Overview of Medications Used to Treat Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: White, Jr. John R. , Ramsbacher Nathan C.
Published: September 2024

Highlights: Introduction Choice of Medication Oral Therapy Injectables Conclusion References
Biguanides
Authors: Odegard Peggy Soule , Winter Abigail , Capoccia Kam L.
Published: September 2024

Introduction Pharmacology Treatments Advantages/Disadvantages Therapeutic Considerations Dosage and Administration Combination Products Monographs References
Glinides
Authors: Kroon Lisa , Zhou Crystal
Published: September 2024

Highlights: Introduction Pharmacology Treatment Advantages/Disadvantages Therapeutic Considerations Dosage and Administration Combination Pills Containing a Glinde Monographs References
α-Glucosidase Inhibitors
Authors: McKeirnan Kimberly C. , Rodin Nicole M.
Published: September 2024

Highlights: Introduction Pharmacology Treatment Advantages/Disadvantages Therapeutic Considerations Dosage and Administration Monographs References
Dopamine-2 Receptor Agonists
Authors: Buckman Christina R.
Published: September 2024

Highlights: Introduction Pharmacology Treatment Advantages/Disadvantages Therapeutic Considerations Monographs References
Lipids
Authors: Frazier Cheyenne
Published: September 2024

Highlights: Introduction Goals of Treatment Overview of Medications and Rationale For Use Overview of Combination Therapy Important Combination Products Monographs (Combination Products Excluded) References
Antiplatelets
Authors: Willson Megan , McKeirnan Kimberly C.
Published: September 2024

Highlights: Introduction Goals of Treatment Antiplatelet Therapy Combination Therapy Monographs References
Medications for the Management of Depression
Authors: Wilson Megan
Published: September 2024

Highlights: Introduction SSRIs SNRIs Tricyclic Antidepressants Atypical Depressants Serotonin Modulators Common Precautions Combination Therapy Monographs References
Medications for the Management of Obesity
Authors: Giruzzi Nicholas R.
Published: September 2024

Highlights: Introduction Pharmacological Management of Obesity Combination Products Novel Products for the Management of Obesity Summary Monographs References
Assessment of B2-Microglobulin Analysis for Renal Insufficiency in Iraqi β-Thalassemia Major Patients
Authors: Alwan Estabraq Salman , Juda Thana Mohammed , Majed Liqaa M.
Published: September 2024

Background: Beta-thalassemia is the most prevalent genetic hemoglobin apathy in the world. It is caused by a reduction or absence of beta-globin chain production, which is typically a portion of adult hemoglobin (HbA, which is α2β2). This genetic anomaly will lead to a rapid erythrocyte turnover, severe anemia, and compensatory ineffective erythropoiesis. The purpose of the current research is to reveal diagnostic, and predictive biomarkers that can be performed to detect the decline in renal function in β-thalassemia major patients with early stage renal impairment with  high sensitivity and specificity, ascertain changes in B2-microglobulin as a biomarker in β-thalassemia patient. Objective: The samples were collected from Karama Hospital-Genetic Hematology Center/Baghdad during the period from the 1st of September 2022 until the 1st of January 2023. Methods: The patient group consisted of 45 patients with β-thalassemia major with repeated blood transfusion and the control group consisted of 45 individuals who seemed to be healthy. Age ranged between (18-35) years (for patients and control). The serum samples were used to measure biochemical parameters, S.Creatinine, blood urea, and Urine B2-microglobulin were measured from urine samples. B2-microglobulin level in Urine was estimated by Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique, while serum Blood Urea and Serum Creatinine concentration were calculated by Colorimetric Kit by Spectrophotometer method, and Ferritin level in blood was estimated by BioMrieux Mini Vidas. Results: The statistical examination was carried out using SPSS software. B2-microglobulin biomarkers in the thalassemia Patient group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p<0.001). While serum ferritin, B.Urea and S.Cr increased in patient groups compared to the control group (p<0. 005). Conclusions: All parameters included in this study are significantly higher in β-thalassemia patients than in healthy subjects. Renal hemosiderosis and asymptomatic renal dysfunction are prevalent among β-thalassemia major patients with repeated blood transfusions, which are not found in routine renal investigations.
Prevalence of Metallo β-Lactamase Genes Among MDR Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolated from Different Sources in Baghdad
Authors: Saidmurad Mustafa Azm , Al-Jubori Sawsan Sajid , Edbeib Mohamed Faraj
Published: September 2024

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram-negative apportunistic pathogen that has ability to couse different type of infections and charecterised by their high resistance to commonly used antibiotics via different stratiges. Objective: The objective of this study is to detect the prevalence rate of MβL gene among MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methods: Forty clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were obtained from different hospitials in Baghdad/Iraq. Their identification was confirmed by using 16s rDNA as a housekeeping gene (reference gene). Specific primers were used to detect 3 types of Metallo β-lactamase (MβL) genes vim, spm1, and imp1 genes followed by sequencing the amplified fragment which was analyzed by Geneious software. Antibiotic sensitivity test for 15 antimicrobial agents was done using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: The revealed resistance pattern was as following: 100% for the combination of Trimethoprim/Sulphamethoxazole and Nitrofurantoin, 95% for Tigecycline, 82.5% for Ciprofloxacin, 67.5% for Cefepime, 60% for Levofloxacin, 57.5% for Carbenicillin, 55% for Piperacillin, 50% for Amikacin, 47.5% for Tobramycin, 45% for both Imipenem and Ceftazidime, 27.5% for piperacillin/tazobactam, 22.5% for Aztreonam and 7.5% for Colistin. More than half (55%) of isolates were positive for MβL enzymes production during phenotypically assessed by combined disc test. The MIC of meropenem ranged from 16µg/ml to 32 µg/ml. The percentage of MβL genes among the total isolates during conventional PCR was as follows: 95% for vim, 25% of the isolates harbored both vim and imp1, while spm 1 are negative in all isolates. The result of the study explained that 10 isolates from the antibiotic susceptibility test were resistant to 10-14 antimicrobial agents that harbored both vim and imp1 genes. Conclusions: MβL gene could be used as a genetic marker to determine the degree of resistance in MDR P. aeruginosa which are more resistant than other isolates that have one gene of MβL responsible for break the β-lactam ring then inactivating the β-lactam antibiotic.
Focusky Application-Based Learning Media in the “Merdeka” Curriculum in Elementary Schools
Authors: Sutisna Atang , Zaenal Reza Muhamad , Nur’alim Muhamad
Published: September 2024

Curriculum changes in schools necessitate prompt responses, as they significantly impact the learning process. Within the framework of the “Merdeka” Curriculum, teachers must adopt a more creative approach to instruction. The development of Focusky-assisted learning media presents a viable alternative for implementing the “Merdeka” Curriculum in schools. This research employs a developmental methodology using the ADDIE model, with data collection techniques that include observation, interviews, and paired sample t-test analysis. The findings indicate that Focusky-based learning media was validated by subject matter experts and media specialists, achieving approval ratings of 95% and 88.9%, respectively. Additionally, the results from field testing demonstrated high practicality, with a rating of 81.8%. Furthermore, the average difference test, conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of student learning outcomes before and after the implementation of Focusky media, yielded a significance value of 0.000, which is less than the threshold of 0.05. These results conclusively demonstrate the effectiveness of Focusky-based learning media in enhancing student learning outcomes within the “Merdeka” Curriculum. The implications of this research underscore the potential of Focusky-assisted learning media to support teachers in delivering creative and innovative instruction. For students, this media is expected to facilitate more effective learning experiences.