bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase in the basolateral amygdala is required for reconsolidation of heroin-associated memory
Authors: Li Haoyu , Hu Ting , Zhang Yanghui , Zhao Zijin , Liu Qing , Chen Zihua , Chen Si
Published: November 2022

Reconsolidation of heroin-associated memory is an independent memory process that occurs following retrieval, which is essential for the sustained capacity of an associative drug stimulus to precipitate heroin-seeking. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) mediates the reconsolidation of drug memory. In the present study, we utilized a rat model of drug craving and relapse to verify the hypothesis that the reconsolidation of heroin-associated memory requires ERK in an instrumental heroin-seeking behavior, focusing on the BLA brain region, which is crucial for synaptic plasticity and memory processes. We found that bilateral intra-BLA infusions of U0126 (1 μg/0.5 μl), an ERK inhibitor, immediately after retrieving heroin-associated memory significantly reduced cue-induced and drug-induced reinstatement and spontaneous recovery of heroin-seeking compared to the vehicle. Furthermore, this inhibitory effect was related to the characteristic of reconsolidation. Conversely, no effect was observed on the heroin-seeking behavior when the intra-BLA infusion of U0126 was administered 6 h after the heroin-associated memory retrieval or without memory retrieval. Together, these data suggest that disrupting the reconsolidation of heroin-associated memory via an ERK inhibitor may serve as a promising option for treating relapse in opiate addicts.
The mechanism of exercise for pain management in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Yu Wen-Ye , Yang Qi-Hao , Wang Xue-Qiang
Published: November 2022

The research and clinical applications of exercise therapy to the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD) are increasing. Pain is among the important symptoms affecting the daily motor function and quality of life of PD patients. This paper reviewed the progress of research on different exercise therapies for the management of pain caused by PD and described the role and mechanism of exercise therapy for pain relief. Aerobic exercise, strength exercise, and mind-body exercise play an effective role in pain management in PD patients. The pain suffered by PD patients is divided into central neuropathic, peripheral neuropathic, and nociceptive pain. Different types of pain may coexist with different mechanistic backgrounds and treatments. The analgesic mechanisms of exercise intervention in PD-induced pain include altered cortical excitability and synaptic plasticity, the attenuation of neuronal apoptosis, and dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic analgesic pathways, as well as the inhibition of oxidative stress. Current studies related to exercise interventions for PD-induced pain suffer from small sample sizes and inadequate research of analgesic mechanisms. The neurophysiological effects of exercise, such as neuroplasticity, attenuation of neuronal apoptosis, and dopaminergic analgesic pathway provide a sound biological mechanism for using exercise in pain management. However, large, well-designed randomized controlled trials with improved methods and reporting are needed to evaluate the long-term efficacy and cost-effectiveness of exercise therapy for PD pain.
A stable and sensitive Au metal organic frameworks resonance Rayleigh scattering nanoprobe for detection of SO32– in food based on fuchsin addition reaction
Authors: Lv Xiaowen , Liu Yue , Zhou Shuangshuang , Wu Menglei , Jiang Zhiliang , Wen Guiqing
Published: November 2022

A stable Au metal organic frameworks (AuMOF) nanosol was prepared. It was characterized by electron microscopy and molecular spectral techniques. In pH 6.8 PBS buffer solution, AuMOF nanoprobes exhibit a strong resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) peak at 330 nm. After basic fuchsin (BF) adsorbing on the surface of AuMOF, the RRS energy of the nanoprobe donor can be transferred to BF receptor, resulting in a decrease in the RRS intensity at 330 nm. Both sulfite and BF taken place an addition reaction to form a colorless product (SBF) that exhibit weak RRS energy transfer (RRS-ET) between AuMOF and SBF, resulting in the enhancement of the RRS peak. As the concentration of SO32–increases, the RRS peak is linearly enhanced. Thus, a new and sensitive RRS-ET method for the detection of SO32– (0.160–5.00 μmol/L) was developed accordingly using AuMOF as nanoprobes, with a detection limit of 0.0800 μmol/L. This new RRS method was applied to determination of SO32– in food and SO2 in air samples. The recoveries of food and air samples were 97.1–106% and 92.9–106%, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 2.10–4.80% and 2.10–4.50%, respectively.
Emerging roles of selenium on metabolism and type 2 diabetes
Authors: Zhao Jiuxiang , Zou Hong , Huo Yanling , Wei Xiaoyi , Li Yu
Published: November 2022

Selenium is recognized as an essential element for human health and enters human body mainly via diet. Selenium is a key constituent in selenoproteins, which exert essential biological functions, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Several selenoproteins including glutathione peroxidases, selenoprotein P and selenoprotein S are known to play roles in the regulation of type 2 diabetes. Although there is a close association between certain selenoproteins with glucose metabolism or insulin resistance, the relationship between selenium and type 2 diabetes is complex and remains uncertain. Here we review recent advances in the field with an emphasis on roles of selenium on metabolism and type 2 diabetes. Understanding the association between selenium and type 2 diabetes is important for developing clinical practice guidelines, establishing and implementing effective public health policies, and ultimately combating relative health issues.
Biological activity of extracts and hydrolysates from early- and adult-stage edible grasshopper Sphenarium purpurascens
Authors: Marín-Morales M. Selene , Ibarra-Herrera Celeste C. , Luna-Vital Diego A. , Monribot-Villanueva Juan L. , Guerrero-Analco José A.
Published: November 2022

Edible insects have become a promising food source because they are rich in protein, fatty acids, minerals, among others. In recent years, edible insects have been proposed to be used as innovative functional ingredients in terms of biological activity. The present study aimed to determine and compare biological activities of the extracts and hydrolysates obtained from early- and adult-stage edible grasshoppers Sphenarium purpurascens to evaluate their potential as a source of bioactive compounds. Proximal analyses showed that in adult grasshoppers (AGs), the percentage of protein (48.9% ± 1.2), crude fat (13.1% ± 0.09), and chitin (15.6% ± 0.81) was significantly higher than early grasshoppers (EGs) (42.2% ± 0.55, 9.35% ± 0.08, and 10.5% ± 0.15, respectively). Total phenolic compounds, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•), and 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS•+) free radical scavenging were analyzed and reported. Enzymatic hydrolysis increased the concentration of total phenolic compounds and higher antioxidant capacity (up to 252.78 mM trolox). Once fractionated by ultrafiltration, the fraction that presented the highest antioxidant activity against DPPH• and ABTS•+ was that with molecules ≤ 10 kDa. Furthermore, the bioaccessibility of the samples was analyzed by in vitro protein digestion using a multienzymatic method, and a recovery index (RI) was reported. Extracts and hydrolysates were analyzed by UPLC-MS, and this allowed the identification of phenolic acids and flavonoids. The results obtained in this work suggest that the grasshopper can be used as a possible source of bioactive compounds that can be used in the food or pharmaceutical industry.
Case report: Deterioration of infantile hemangioma related to oral or nebulized administration of β2-AR agonist: Three cases reports
Authors: Chen Qiang , Zhang Yunxuan , Sun Chenyu , Liu Li , Luo Xiaoyan , Wang Hua , Ni Sili
Published: November 2022

Infantile hemangioma (IH) is a benign vascular tumor, characterized by a unique sequence of non-linear growth and spontaneous involution. Some hemangiomas require intensive treatment to avoid functional and aesthetic insufficiency. Although β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) antagonists have been increasingly used as the first-line treatment since 2008, the IH rebound still exists with uncertain mechanism. Here, we report three cases of abrupt IH deteriorations that are mainly related to β2-AR agonist administration. Potential IH proliferation induced by β2-AR agonists, especially from oral or nebulized approaches, should be recognized more widely by healthcare providers. Additionally, it is necessary to carry out large sample studies to analyze the influence of β2-AR agonist administration on the deterioration of IH.
Case report: Atypical spindle cell/pleomorphic lipomatous tumor masquerading as a myxoid liposarcoma or intramuscular myxoma
Authors: Ichikawa Jiro , Kawasaki Tomonori , Imada Hiroki , Kanno Satoshi , Taniguchi Naofumi , Ashizawa Tomoyuki , Haro Hirotaka
Published: November 2022

Atypical spindle cell/pleomorphic lipomatous tumors (ASPLTs) were recently categorized as benign lipomatous tumors. However, accurate and complete preoperative diagnosis of ASPLTs may be difficult. Furthermore, diagnosis based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings is uncertain because of the varying ratios of the fat component within the tumor. Here, we report a case of ASPLT masquerading as a myxoid tumor. Although MRI findings were consistent with a myxoid liposarcoma, needle biopsy findings suggested a myxoma, and we performed marginal resection. Histopathological findings revealed infiltrating spindle cells with atypia. In addition, immunohistochemistry (IHC) showed positive staining for CD34 and heterogeneous retinoblastoma deficiency, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) showed no amplification of mouse double minute 2 homolog and no rearrangement of FUS or EWSR1. When MRI and histopathological findings suggest a myxoid tumor, IHC and FISH should be considered and performed for a precise and accurate diagnosis.
Towards clinical implementation of circulating tumor DNA in metastatic prostate cancer: Opportunities for integration and pitfalls to interpretation
Authors: Kwan Edmond M. , Wyatt Alexander W. , Chi Kim N.
Published: November 2022

Plasma circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) represents short fragments of tumor-derived DNA released into the bloodstream primarily from cancer cells undergoing apoptosis. In metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), characterizing genomic alterations in ctDNA identifies mutations, copy number alterations, and structural rearrangements with predictive and prognostic biomarker utility. These associations with clinical outcomes have resulted in ctDNA increasingly incorporated into routine clinical care. In this review, we summarize current and emerging applications for ctDNA analysis in metastatic prostate cancer, including outcome prediction, treatment selection, and characterization of treatment resistance. We also discuss potential pitfalls with interpreting ctDNA findings, namely false negatives arising from low tumor content and optimal assay design, including correction for clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential and germline variants. Understanding the influence of these limitations on interpretation of ctDNA results is necessary to overcome barriers to clinical implementation. Nevertheless, as assay availability and technology continue to improve, recognizing both opportunities and shortcomings of ctDNA analysis will retain relevance with informing the implementation of precision-oncology initiatives for metastatic prostate cancer.
Transarterial chemoembolization plus apatinib with or without camrelizumab for unresected hepatocellular carcinoma: A two-center propensity score matching study
Authors: Zhu Di , Ma Kun , Yang Wei , Zhou Hai-Feng , Shi Qi , Ren Jian-Wu , Xie Yu-Guan , Liu Sheng , Shi Hai-Bin , Zhou Wei-Zhong
Published: November 2022

Purpose

To compare the effectiveness and safety of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with apatinib and camrelizumab with those of TACE as well as apatinib among patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Materials and methods

The data of patients with unresectable HCC (uHCC) who received TACE-apatinib-camrelizumab combination (TACE + AC group) and TACE-apatinib combination (TACE + A group) were collected from two centers between January 2018 and January 2022. Propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted to diminish the bias between the two groups. The primary outcome measures of the study were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), and the secondary outcome measures were response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and adverse events (AEs).

Results

A total of 102 patients were enrolled in this study after PSM, with 34 patients in the TACE + AC group and 68 patients in the TACE + A group. Compared to the TACE + A group, TACE + AC had a significantly longer median OS (25.5 months, interquartile range [IQR], 23.5–33.0) than 18.5 months (IQR, 13.0–25.0; P = 0.001). Similarly, the PFS of the TACE + AC group was significantly improved (14.0 months, IQR, 9.0–NA) compared to that of the TACE + A group (5.0 months, IQR, 2.5–9.0; P = 0.001). The ORR rates (55.9% vs. 51.5%), and DCR rates (79.4% vs. 72.1%) were comparable between groups (P > 0.05). All treatment-related adverse events were tolerable and manageable, and no serious adverse events were observed.

Conclusion

TACE combined with apatinib plus camrelizumab demonstrated superior efficacy to TACE plus apatinib for patients with unresectable HCC. The two combination therapies showed similar safety profiles.
Terfenadine resensitizes doxorubicin activity in drug-resistant ovarian cancer cells via an inhibition of CaMKII/CREB1 mediated ABCB1 expression
Authors: Huang Wei , Yang Shu , Cheng Yu-Shan , Sima Ni , Sun Wei , Shen Min , Braisted John C. , Lu Weiguo , Zheng Wei
Published: November 2022

Ovarian cancer is one of the most lethal gynecological malignancies. Recurrence or acquired chemoresistance is the leading cause of ovarian cancer therapy failure. Overexpression of ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1), commonly known as P-glycoprotein, correlates closely with multidrug resistance (MDR). However, the mechanism underlying aberrant ABCB1 expression remains unknown. Using a quantitative high-throughput combinational screen, we identified that terfenadine restored doxorubicin sensitivity in an MDR ovarian cancer cell line. In addition, RNA-seq data revealed that the Ca2+-mediated signaling pathway in the MDR cells was abnormally regulated. Moreover, our research demonstrated that terfenadine directly bound to CAMKIID to prevent its autophosphorylation and inhibit the activation of the cAMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 (CREB1)-mediated pathway. Direct inhibition of CAMKII or CREB1 had the same phenotypic effects as terfenadine in the combined treatment, including lower expression of ABCB1 and baculoviral IAP repeat-containing 5 (BIRC5, also known as survivin) and increased doxorubicin-induced apoptosis. In this study, we demonstrate that aberrant regulation of the Ca2+-mediated CAMKIID/CREB1 pathway contributes to ABCB1 over-expression and MDR creation and that CAMKIID and CREB1 are attractive targets for restoring doxorubicin efficacy in ABCB1-mediated MDR ovarian cancer.
Survival analysis and development of a prognostic nomogram for patients with malignant mesothelioma in different anatomic sites
Authors: Shao Shengteng , Sun Lei , Qin Kun , Jin Xiangfeng , Yi Tengfei , Liu Yuhong , Wang Yuanyong
Published: November 2022

Background

Malignant mesothelioma (MMe) is a rare and fatal cancer with a poor prognosis. Our study aimed to compare the overall survival (OS) of MMe patients across various sites and develop a prognostic model to provide a foundation for individualized management of MMe patients.

Methods

From the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, 1,772 individuals with malignant mesothelioma (MMe) were identified. The X-tile software was used to identify the optimal cut-off point for continuous variables. The Kaplan–Meier method was employed to compare the survival of MMe across different sites. The Cox proportional hazards model was applied to identify the independent risk factors of overall survival (OS) and a nomogram was constructed.

Results

In the survival analysis, MMe originating from the reproductive organs and hollow organs showed a relatively better prognosis than those originating from soft tissue, solid organs, and pleura. Age, gender, location, histological type, grade of differentiation, extent of disease, lymph node status, lymph node ratio (LNR), and chemotherapy were all found to be independent risk variables for the prognosis of MMe patients (P<0.05) in a multivariate Cox analysis and were included in the construction of nomogram. In the training and testing sets, the C-index of the nomogram was 0.701 and 0.665, respectively, and the area under the ROC curve (AUROC) of the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rate was 0.749, 0.797, 0.833 and 0.730, 0.800, 0.832, respectively. The calibration curve shows that the nomogram is well-calibrated.

Conclusions

This is the first research to examine the prognosis of MMe patients based on the location. However, previous studies often focused on malignant pleural mesothelioma or malignant peritoneal mesothelioma with high incidence. Furthermore, a nomograph with good prediction efficiency was established according to the variables that influence patient survival outcomes, which provides us with a reference for clinical decision-making.
Effect of histology on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Feng , Zhai Suokai , Lv Zhuoheng , Yuan Ligong , Wang Shuaibo , Jin Donghui , Yi Hang , Fu Li , Mao Yousheng
Published: November 2022

Background

Little is known about the effect of histology on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the potential differences in the efficacy of ICIs between squamous NSCLC (SQ-NSCLC) and non-squamous NSCLC (non-SQ-NSCLC).

Methods

Systematic searches of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases were conducted. All randomized clinical trials of ICIs with available hazard ratios (HR) for progression-free survival (PFS) or overall survival (OS) according to histology were included. The primary endpoint was to assess the difference in the efficacy of ICIs between SQ-NSCLC and non-SQ-NSCLC, measured by the ratio of the HR in SQ-NSCLC to the HR in non-SQ-NSCLC (RHR).

Results

A total of 40 trials were included in the meta-analysis. ICI monotherapy could improve OS in both SQ-NSCLC (OS-HR 0.71, 95% CI 0.65-0.77) and non-SQ-NSCLC (OS-HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.73-0.87) while OS benefit was larger in SQ-NSCLC (OS-RHR 0.89, 95% CI 0.80-0.99). In terms of PFS, ICI monotherapy could reduce the risk of progression by 35% (PFS-HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.56-0.77) in SQ-NSCLC while the PFS benefit was smaller (10%) and not statistically significant in non-SQ-NSCLC (PFS-HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.76-1.07). Similarly, ICI-based combination treatments could reduce the risk of both progression and death in SQ-NSCLC (OS-HR 0.70, 95% CI 0.61-0.80; PFS-HR 0.56, 95% CI 0.48-0.65) and non-SQ-NSCLC (OS-HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.74-0.83; PFS-HR 0.63, 95% CI 0.57-0.69) while the survival benefits were larger in SQ-NSCLC (OS-RHR 0.83, 95% CI 0.70-0.99; PFS-RHR 0.82, 95% CI 0.70-0.96).

Conclusions

ICIs could deliver survival benefits in both SQ-NSCLC and non-SQ-NSCLC while the magnitude of survival benefits was histology-dependent. Future researches should consider the effect of histology on the efficacy of ICIs.

Systematic Review Registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier [CRD42022299603].
Postoperative circulating tumor DNA detection is associated with the risk of recurrence in patients resected for a stage II colorectal cancer
Authors: Grancher Adrien , Beaussire Ludivine , Manfredi Sylvain , Le Malicot Karine , Dutherage Marie , Verdier Vincent , Mulot Claire , Bouché Olivier , Phelip Jean-Marc , Levaché Charles-Briac , Deguiral Philippe , Coutant Sophie , Sefrioui David , Emile Jean-François , Laurent-Puig Pierre , Bibeau Frédéric , Michel Pierre , Sarafan-Vasseur Nasrin , Lepage Côme , Di Fiore Frederic
Published: November 2022

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is reported to be promising in localized colorectal cancer (CRC). The present study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the impact of ctDNA in patients with a resected stage II CRC from the PROGIGE 13 trial with available paired tumor and blood samples. A group of recurrent patients were matched one-to-one with nonrecurrent patients according to sex, tumor location, treatment sequence, and blood collection timing. CtDNA was analyzed by digital PCR according to NGS of tumors. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed based on ctDNA, and the risks of recurrence and death were determined. A total of 134 patients were included, with 67 patients in each group. At least one alteration was identified in 115/134 tumors. Postoperative ctDNA was detected in 10/111 (9.0%) informative samples and was detected more frequently in the recurrent group (16.7% versus 1.8%; p = 0.02). The median DFS of ctDNA+ versus ctDNA- patients was 16.8 versus 54 months (p = 0.002), respectively, and the median OS was 51.3 versus 69.5 months (p = 0.03), respectively. CtDNA was associated with recurrence (ORa = 11.13, p = 0.03) and death (HRa = 3.15, p = 0.01). In conclusion, the presence of postoperative ctDNA is associated with both recurrence and survival in stage II CRC.
A systematic review of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 and [18F]FDG PET/CT in the diagnostic value of malignant tumor bone metastasis
Authors: Li Lanying , Hu Xin , Ma Jiao , Yang Songsong , Gong Weidong , Zhang Chunyin
Published: November 2022

Objective

This study aims to perform a systemic analysis of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 positron emission tomography (PET)/computerized tomography (CT) and [18F]FDG PET/CT for the diagnosis of malignant tumor bone metastasis based on existing clinical evidence.

Methods

This systematic review followed the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Project (PRISMA) for systematic reviews and meta-analysis. This is a retrospective study of articles published in PubMed. Embase was searched online from the start of May 2022. The main endpoints were the maximum standardized uptake value and the tumor-to-background ratio to determine the examination performance of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 and [18F]FDG for bone transfer stoves. Based on the entry and discharge standards, two researchers extracted documents and data and then performed the quality evaluation.

Results

A total of eight studies on the metastasis of malignant tumors on bone were included, which involved 358 patients in the final analysis.

Conclusion

[68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 showed better detection performance for bone metastasis. The sensitivity of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 for the diagnosis of the primary tumor was higher than that of [18F]FDG, whereas the specificity of [18F]FDG was higher than that of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04. However, further randomized controlled trials and prospective clinical trials are warranted to compare the diagnostic performance of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT and [18F]FDG PET/CT.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier (CRD42022313019)
Inhibition of O-GlcNAc transferase sensitizes prostate cancer cells to docetaxel
Authors: Xia Mingyue , Wang Shuyan , Qi Yannan , Long Kaili , Li Enjie , He Lingfeng , Pan Feiyan , Guo Zhigang , Hu Zhigang
Published: November 2022

The expression of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and its catalytic product, O-GlcNAcylation (O-GlcNAc), are elevated in many types of cancers, including prostate cancer (PC). Inhibition of OGT serves as a potential strategy for PC treatment alone or combinational therapy. PC is the second common cancer type in male worldwide, for which chemotherapy is still the first-line treatment. However, the function of inhibition of OGT on chemotherapeutic response in PC cells is still unknown. In this study, we show that inhibition of OGT by genetic knockdown using shRNA or by chemical inhibition using OGT inhibitors sensitize PC cells to docetaxel, which is the most common chemotherapeutic agent in PC chemotherapy. Furthermore, we identified that microRNA-140 (miR-140) directly binds to OGT mRNA 3′ untranslated region and inhibits OGT expression. Moreover, docetaxel treatment stimulates miR-140 expression, whereas represses OGT expression in PC cells. Overexpression of miR-140 enhanced the drug sensitivity of PC cells to docetaxel, which could be reversed by overexpression of OGT. Overall, this study demonstrates miR-140/OGT axis as therapeutic target in PC treatment and provides a promising adjuvant therapeutic strategy for PC therapy.
Application of 3D navigation for osteotomy of DDH in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Yunlong , Yang Yancai , Ding Sheng
Published: November 2022

Objective

To systematically review the current articles to compare the efficacy and safety of 3D navigation-assisted osteotomy of DDH with conventional osteotomy of DDH in children. Study design Databases such as PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library were searched, from inception to April, 2022, for studies applying 3D navigation-assisted osteotomy in DDH children.

Methods

There were 626 articles identified. According to the search strategy and inclusion criteria, 7 studies were finally included, with a total of 288 cases. Study screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were conducted by two reviewers independently. Data analyses were performed using RevMan 5.4 software.

Results

There were 7 retrospective cohort studies included. Meta-analysis showed that 3D navigation-assisted DDH osteotomy resulted in shorter duration of surgery [I2 = 88%, REM, MD = 22.86, 95%CI (−27.29, −18.43), p < 0.00001], less radiation exposure during surgery [I2 = 53%, REM, MD = 2.76, 95%CI (−3.15, −2.37), p < 0.00001], and less intraoperative bleeding [I2 = 94%, REM, MD = 26.83, 95%CI (−39.24, −14.41), p < 0.0001], compared with conventional DDH osteotomy. There was a significant difference in the number of patients with McKay clinical function graded as poor between the two groups [I2 = 0%, FEM, RR = 0.20, 95%CI (0.05, 0.74), p = 0.02], whereas there were no significantly statistical differences in the corrected acetabular index angle, postoperative leg length discrepancy, and number of patients with Severin x-ray graded as poor between the two groups (p > 0.05).

Conclusion

3D navigation-assisted pelvis and thighbone osteotomy for DDH children could shorten duration of surgery and reduce intraoperative bleeding and x-ray exposure, presenting definite therapeutic effect.

Systematic Review Registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#myprospero, identifier: CRD42022333767.
Parental knowledge and usage of air quality in childhood asthma management
Authors: Reyes-Angel Jessica , Han Yueh-Ying , Forno Erick , Celedón Juan C , Rosser Franziska J
Published: November 2022

Background

The current United States asthma management guidelines recommend usage of the Air Quality Index (AQI) for outdoor activity modification when air pollution is high. Little is known about parental knowledge and usage of air quality including the AQI in managing childhood asthma.

Methods

Forty parents (or legal guardians) of children with persistent asthma completed a questionnaire designed to assess 4 areas related to outdoor air pollution: awareness, perception, behavioral modification, and prior healthcare provider discussion. Descriptive statistics were obtained and Fisher's exact test was used for analysis of behavioral change by selected variables.

Results

Almost all parents reported awareness of air quality alerts or AQI, however, only 20% checked the AQI on the AirNow app or website. Most parents reported air pollution as a trigger (65%), yet few parents reported behavioral modification of their child's outdoor activity based on the perception of poor air quality (43%) or based on AQI or alerts (40%). Over half of parents reported a healthcare provider had ever discussed air pollution as a trigger, with few parents (23%) reporting recommendations for behavior change. Perception of air pollution as a trigger, healthcare provider discussion and recommendations, and usage of AirNow were associated with increased reported activity change.

Conclusion

Healthcare providers should discuss outdoor air pollution during asthma management in children and should discuss AirNow as a source for AQI information and behavioral recommendations.
Natural compounds targeting glycolysis as promising therapeutics for gastric cancer: A review
Authors: Zhao Maoyuan , Wei Feng , Sun Guangwei , Wen Yueqiang , Xiang Juyi , Su Fangting , Zhan Lu , Nian Qing , Chen Yu , Zeng Jinhao
Published: November 2022

Gastric cancer, a common malignant disease, seriously endangers human health and life. The high mortality rate due to gastric cancer can be attributed to a lack of effective therapeutic drugs. Cancer cells utilize the glycolytic pathway to produce energy even under aerobic conditions, commonly referred to as the Warburg effect, which is a characteristic of gastric cancer. The identification of new targets based on the glycolytic pathway for the treatment of gastric cancer is a viable option, and accumulating evidence has shown that phytochemicals have extensive anti-glycolytic properties. We reviewed the effects and mechanisms of action of phytochemicals on aerobic glycolysis in gastric cancer cells. Phytochemicals can effectively inhibit aerobic glycolysis in gastric cancer cells, suppress cell proliferation and migration, and promote apoptosis, via the PI3K/Akt, c-Myc, p53, and other signaling pathways. These pathways affect the expressions of HIF-1α, HK2, LDH, and other glycolysis-related proteins. This review further assesses the potential of using plant-derived compounds for the treatment of gastric cancer and sheds insight into the development of new drugs.
A comprehensive comparison of medication strategies for platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer: A Bayesian network meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Yuanzhi , Huang Yilan , Li Jingyan , Wan Shengli , Jiang Nan , Yang Jie , Chiampanichayakul Sawitree , Tima Singkome , Anuchapreeda Songyot , Wu Jianming
Published: November 2022

Background: The Platinum-based combination has been proven to have an outstanding effect on patients with platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer (PSROC), but the best scientific combination has not been established yet. The present study is aimed to seek the best treatment plan for PSROC.

Methods: We did a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis, during which lite before March 2022 were retrieved on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled databases. We included randomized controlled clinical trials comparing chemotherapy combinations with other treatments for patients with PSROC. The important outcomes concerned were progression-free survival (PFS) (the primary outcome), overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), adverse events (AEs), and AEs-related discontinuation. All outcomes were ranked according to the surface under the cumulative ranking curve.

Results: 26 trials involving 10441 patients were retrieved in this study. For the initial treatment of PSROC, carboplatin plus pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) plus bevacizumab had the best PFS [hazard ratio (HR) 0.59, 95% credible interval (CI) 0.51–0.68]; Carboplatin plus paclitaxel plus bevacizumab resulted in the best OS (HR 1.22, 95% CI 1.09–1.35) and ORR [odds ratio (OR) 1.22, 95% CI 1.09–1.35]. For the maintenance therapy in PSROC, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) following platinum-based chemotherapy provided the best PFS (HR 0.64, 95% CI 0.61–0.68), the highest frequency of adverse events of grade three or higher (OR 0.18, 95% CI 0.07–0.44) but the treatment discontinuation was generally low. Subgroup analysis suggested that trabectedin plus PLD was comparable to single platinum in prolonging PFS in the platinum-free interval (6–12 months).

Conclusion: Both platinum-based chemotherapy plus PARPi and platinum-based chemotherapy plus bevacizumab had higher survival benefits than other treatments in PSROC. Trabectedin plus PLD might be a potential alternative treatment strategy for the partially platinum-sensitive subpopulation with intolerance to platinum.

Systematic Review Registration: [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?], identifier [CRD42022326573].
Antioxidant therapy for patients with oral lichen planus: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bao Jie , Chen Chu , Yan Jiayu , Wen Yueqiang , Bian Jiamin , Xu Mengting , Liang Qin , He Qingmei
Published: November 2022

Aims: This study aimed to systematically review the efficacy and safety of antioxidants for patients with Oral lichen planus (OLP).

Methods: Databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Google Scholar, were searched up to 30 April 2022, for randomized controlled trials on the antioxidant therapy of OLP. The following endpoints were analyzed: pain score, clinical score, pain resolution rate, clinical resolution rate, and adverse effects.

Results: A total of 19 studies met the inclusion criteria, and 17 studies with 704 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The findings showed that antioxidant therapy could significantly reduce the pain score [standardized mean difference −0.72 (−1.36, −0.07), P = 0.03, I2 = 87%, PI2 < 0.00001] and clinical score [SMD −2.06 (−3.06, −1.06), P < 0.0001, I2 = 94%, PI2 < 0.00001] of patients with OLP and improve the pain resolution rate [risk ratio (RR) 1.15 (1.01, 1.31), P = 0.04, I2 = 45%, PI2 = 0.09] and clinical resolution rate [RR 1.40 (1.10, 1.78), P = 0.006, I2 = 72%, PI2 = 0.002].

Conclusion: The study demonstrated that antioxidant therapy was beneficial for patients with OLP, and antioxidants might be used to treat OLP.

Systematic Review Registration:https://clinicaltrials.gov/, identifier CRD4202233715.
A new strategy for osteoarthritis therapy: Inhibition of glycolysis
Authors: Tan Chunmei , Li Lanqing , Han Juanjuan , Xu Kang , Liu Xianqiong
Published: November 2022

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative disease of the joints. It is primarily caused by age, obesity, mechanical damage, genetics, and other factors, leading to cartilage degradation, synovial inflammation, and subchondral sclerosis with osteophyte formation. Many recent studies have reported that glycolysis disorders are related lead to OA. There is a close relationship between glycolysis and OA. Because of their hypoxic environment, chondrocytes are highly dependent on glycolysis, their primary energy source for chondrocytes. Glycolysis plays a vital role in OA development. In this paper, we comprehensively summarized the abnormal expression of related glycolytic enzymes in OA, including Hexokinase 2 (HK2), Pyruvate kinase 2 (PKM2), Phosphofructokinase-2/fructose-2, 6-Bisphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3), lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), and discussed the potential application of glycolysis in treating OA. Finally, the natural products that can regulate the glycolytic pathway were summarized. Targeting glucose transporters and rate-limiting enzymes to glycolysis may play an essential role in treating OA.
Efficacy and safety of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome: A network meta-analysis of different injection treatments
Authors: Hong Pan , Zheng Yu , Rai Saroj , Ding Yuhong , Zhou Yeming , Liu Ruikang , Li Jin
Published: November 2022

Purpose: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common form of median nerve compression in the wrist caused by focal peripheral neuropathy. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy could improve the healing ability by exposing the injured tissues to high concentrations of autologous growth factors. Our study aims to compare all injective treatments for CTS and assess the efficacy and priority of PRP therapy.

Methods: We searched Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane databases, and Clinicaltrial.gov until 17 October 2022. We only included data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated PRP injection therapy or drug injection therapy. The included RCTs measured at least one of the following three outcomes with validated instruments: in the visual analog scale (VAS), symptom severity scale (SSS), and functional status scale (FSS).

Results: Overall, 19 studies with 1,066 patients were included in this study. We used the SUCRA rankings to determine the merits of various therapies. In all, 5% dextrose injections were the best treatment strategy for the VAS (MD −1.22, 95% CI −2.66 to 0.23; SUCRA = 79.2%), followed by triamcinolone (high-dose) injections (MD −0.69, 95% CI −2.11 to 0.73; SUCRA = 62.7%) and PRP injections (MD −0.39, 95% CI −1.67 to 0.89; SUCRA = 60.0%). In the SSS, the most effective intervention was hydroxyprogesterone injections (MD −0.62, 95% CI −1.09 to −0.16; SUCRA = 91.0%). The SUCRA ranking of PRP was second only to steroids and estrogen (MD −0.39, 95% CI −0.60 to −0.18; SUCRA = 60.8%). In the FSS, the best regimen strategy was hydroxyprogesterone injections (MD 0.12, 95% CI −0.30 to 0.54; SUCRA = 99.5%), followed by triamcinolone (low-dose) injections (MD −0.02, 95% CI −0.54 to 0.49; SUCRA = 87.4%) and PRP injections (MD −0.26, 95% CI −0.43 to −0.09; SUCRA = 77.1%).

Conclusion: PRP is an alternative choice for CTS treatment. PRP injection is second only to steroids and estrogen in the treatment efficacy of CTS, with a wide indication and safe outcome.
Integrating network pharmacology and experimental validation to clarify the anti-hyperuricemia mechanism of cortex phellodendri in mice
Authors: Xu Lieqiang , Cheng Juanjuan , Lu Jieyi , Lin Guoshu , Yu Qiuxia , Li Yucui , Chen Jiannan , Xie Jianhui , Su Ziren , Zhou Qi
Published: November 2022

Hyperuricemia (HUA), a common metabolic disease, is treated as the second-largest metabolic disease after diabetes in China. Cortex Phellodendri (CP) is one of the most frequently used herbal medicines for treating gout or HUA. However, the mechanism underlying the anti-HUA effect of CP is still unrevealed. Hence, this study aimed to explore the pharmacological mechanism of CP against HUA using network pharmacology coupled with in vivo experimental validation. Active compounds and potential targets of CP, as well as the potential targets related to HUA, were retrieved from multiple open-source databases. The drug-disease overlapping targets were obtained by Venn diagram analysis and used to construct the herb-component-target (HCT), protein-protein-interaction (PPI), and component-target-pathway (CTP) networks. The functional enrichment analysis was also performed for further study. Furthermore, a HUA mouse model was induced by a combination of intraperitoneal injection of potassium oxonate (PO, 300 mg/kg) and intragastric administration of hypoxanthine (HX, 300 mg/kg) daily for 10 days. Different dosages of CP (200, 400, and 800 mg/kg) were orally given to mice 1 h after modeling. The results showed that 12 bioactive compounds and 122 drug-disease overlapping targets were obtained by matching 415 CP-related targets and 679 HUA-related targets, and berberine was one of the most important compounds with the highest degree value. The core targets of CP for treating HUA were TP53, MAPK8, MAPK3, IL-6, c-Jun, AKT1, xanthine oxidase (XOD), and ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2). The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment results showed that the anti-HUA effect of CP mainly involved the pathways of inflammation and apoptosis, such as PI3K/Akt, TNF, MAPK, TLR, AMPK, NF-κB, and NLRP3 signaling pathways. In vivo animal experiment further confirmed the hypouricemic effect of CP in a HUA mouse model, as evidenced by significantly restored kidney histological deteriorations, and considerably decreased levels of serum uric acid (sUA), creatinine (Cre), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and hepatic UA. Furthermore, the hypouricemic action of CP in vivo might be attributed to its suppression of XOD activity in the liver, rather than ABCG2 in the kidney. Real-time qPCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blot analysis also confirmed the key roles of the hub genes in CP against HUA. In conclusion, CP exhibited therapeutic effect against HUA via multi-compounds, multi-targets, and multi-pathways. It possessed anti-HUA and nephroprotective effects via suppressing XOD activity, and reversed the progression of renal injury by exerting anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects.
3,3′-diindolylmethane inhibits LPS-induced human chondrocytes apoptosis and extracellular matrix degradation by activating PI3K-Akt-mTOR-mediated autophagy
Authors: Tang Hao , Qin Kunpeng , Wang Anquan , Li Shuang , Fang Sheng , Gao Weilu , Lu Ming , Huang Wei , Zhang Hui , Yin Zongsheng
Published: November 2022

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease characterized by articular cartilage destruction. The pathological mechanisms are complex; in particular, inflammation, autophagy, and apoptosis are often involved. 3,3-Diindolylmethane (DIM), a phytoconstituent extracted from cruciferous vegetables, has various effects such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic. However, the effects of DIM on osteoarthritic chondrocytes remain undetermined. In this study, we simulated a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced osteoarthritis model in human primary chondrocytes. We found that LPS stimulation significantly inhibited autophagy, induced chondrocyte apoptosis and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, which could be ameliorated by DIM. DIM inhibited the expression of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif 5 (ADAMTS-5), matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13), cleaved caspase-3, Bax, and p62, and increased the expression level of collagen II, aggrecan, Bcl-2, light chain 3 Ⅱ (LC3 Ⅱ), and beclin-1. Mechanistic studies showed that DIM increased chondrocyte autophagy levels by inhibiting the activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. In mice destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) model, immunohistochemical analysis showed that DIM inhibited the expression of p-PI3K and cleaved caspase-3, increased the expression of LC3 Ⅱ. Furthermore, DIM relieved joint cartilage degeneration. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate for the first time that DIM inhibits LPS-induced chondrocyte apoptosis and ECM degradation by regulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR-autophagy axis and delays OA progression in vivo.
Effects of phytocompound Precocene 1 on the expression and functionality of the P450 gene in λ-cyhalothrin-resistant Spodoptera litura (Fab.)
Authors: Shyam-Sundar Narayanan , Ramasubramanian Ramakrishnan , Karthi Sengodan , Senthil-Nathan Sengottayan , Chanthini Kanagaraj Muthu-Pandian , Sivanesh Haridoss , Stanley-Raja Vethamonickam , Ramkumar Govindaraju , Narayanan Kilapavoor Raman , Mahboob Shahid , Al-Ghanim Khalid Abdullah , Abdel-Megeed Ahmed , Krutmuang Patcharin
Published: November 2022

Spodoptera litura(Fabricius) is an agriculturally significant polyphagous insect pest that has evolved a high level of resistance to conventional insecticides. A dietary assay was used in this work to assess the resilience of field populations ofS. liturato λ-cyhalothrin. Analysis of the function and expression of the cytochrome P450 gene was used to test the sensitivity ofS. lituralarvae to sub-lethal concentrations of the insecticidal plant chemical Precocene 1, both by itself and in combination with λ-cyhalothrin. The activity of esterase enzymes (α and β) was found to decrease 48 h post treatment with Precocene 1. The activity of GST enzyme and cytochrome P450 increased with Precocene 1 treatment post 48 h, however. Expression studies revealed the modulation by Precocene 1 of cytochrome P450 genes,CYP4M16,CYP4M15,CYP4S8V4,CYP4G31, andCYP4L10. WhileCYP4M16expression was stimulated the most by the synergistic Precocene 1 + λ–cyhalothrin treatment, expression ofCYP4G31was the most down-regulated by Precocene 1 exposure. Hence, it is evident that λ–cyhalothrin-resistant pest populations are still sensitive to Precocene 1 at a sublethal concentration that is nevertheless capable of hindering their development. Precocene 1 can therefore be considered a potent candidate for the effective management of insecticide-resilientS. litura.
Artemisia argyi water extract promotes selenium uptake of peach seedlings
Authors: Lin Lijin , Wang Jiangyue , Liao Ming’an , Hu Rongping , Deng Qunxian , Wang Zhihui , Wang Xun , Tang Yi
Published: November 2022

Soil in most areas of the world is selenium (Se) deficient, which results a low Se content in agricultural products. To improve the fruit tree Se accumulation, the effects of different Artemisia argyi water extract concentrations (0, 100, 200, 300, and 400-fold dilutions) on the growth and Se accumulation of peach seedlings were studied by a pot experiment. A 300- and 400-fold dilution of A. argyi water extract increased the root and shoot biomass (dry weight), leaf chlorophyll a content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and peroxidase (POD) activity of peach seedlings, but decreased the leaf chlorophyll a/b. Different A. argyi water extract concentrations had no significant effects on peach leaf chlorophyll a content of peach seedlings, but increased the leaf carotenoid content, catalase (CAT) activity, and soluble protein content. Different A. argyi water extract concentrations increased the total Se, inorganic Se, and organic contents in roots and shoots of peach seedlings to some extent. Furthermore, A. argyi water extract concentration exhibited a linear relationship with the root and shoot total Se contents. Compared with the control, the 100-, 200-, 300-, and 400-fold dilutions of A. argyi water extract increased the shoot total Se content by 18.95%, 31.31%, 39.32%, and 51.59%, respectively. Different A. argyi water extract concentrations also increased the leaf Se metabolism-related enzyme activities of peach seedlings, including the activities of adenosine triphosphate sulfurase (ATPS), adenosine 5’-phosphosulfate reductase (APR), and serine acetyltransferase (SAT), as well as selenocysteine methyltransferase (SMT) to some extent. Moreover, correlation and grey relational analyses revealed the root total Se content, CAT activity, and ATPS activity to be closely associated with the total shoot Se content. Therefore, applying A. argyi water extract can thus promote the growth and Se uptake of peach seedlings, and the future study should focus on the application effects of Se uptake in peach fruits.