bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reduction of arrhythmias in primary hyperparathyroidism, by parathyroidectomy, evaluated with 24-h ECG monitoring
Authors: Pepe Jessica , Cipriani Cristiana , Curione Mario , Biamonte Federica , Colangelo Luciano , Danese Vittoria , Cecchetti Veronica , Sonato Chiara , Ferrone Federica , Cilli Mirella , Minisola Salvatore
Published: June 2018

Objective

Hypercalcemia may induce arrhythmias. There are no data on the prevalence of arrhythmias in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in daily life. Aim of the study was to investigate both the prevalence of arrhythmias in patients with PHPT compared to controls and the impact of parathyroidectomy, evaluated by 24-h electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring.

Design

This is a randomized study.

Methods

Twenty-six postmenopausal women with PHPT and 26 controls were enrolled. PHPT patients were randomized to two groups: 13 underwent parathyroidectomy (Group A) and 13 were followed up conservatively (Group B). After 6 months, patients were studied again. Each patient underwent mineral metabolism biochemical evaluation, bone mineral density measurement, standard ECG and 24-h ECG monitoring.

Results

PHPT patients showed higher calcium and parathyroid hormone compared to controls and a higher prevalence of both supraventricular (SVBPs) and ventricular premature beats (VPBs) during 24-h ECG monitoring. Groups A and B showed no differences in mean baseline biochemical values and ECG parameters. Mean value of QTc in PHPT groups was in the normal range at baseline, but significantly shorter than controls. A negative correlation was found between QTc and ionized calcium levels (r = −0.48,P < 0.05). After parathyroidectomy, Group A had a significant reduction in SVPBs and VPBs compared to baseline and restored normal QTc. Group B showed no significant changes after a 6-month period.

Conclusions

The increased prevalence of SVPBs and VPBs is significantly reduced by parathyroidectomy, and it is mainly related to the short QTc caused by hypercalcemia.
Trastuzumab inhibits pituitary tumor cell growth modulating the TGFB/SMAD2/3 pathway
Authors: Petiti Juan Pablo , Sosa Liliana del Valle , Picech Florencia , Moyano Crespo Gabriela Deisi , Arevalo Rojas Jean Zander , Pérez Pablo Anibal , Guido Carolina Beatriz , Leimgruber Carolina , Sabatino María Eugenia , García Pedro , Bengio Verónica , Papalini Francisco Roque , Estario Paula , Berhard Celina , Villarreal Marcos , Gutiérrez Silvina , De Paul Ana Lucía , Mukdsi Jorge Humberto , Torres Alicia Inés
Published: June 2018

In pituitary adenomas, early recurrences and resistance to conventional pharmacotherapies are common, but the mechanisms involved are still not understood. The high expression of epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) signal observed in human pituitary adenomas, together with the low levels of the antimitogenic transforming growth factor beta receptor 2 (TBR2), encouraged us to evaluate the effect of the specific HER2 inhibition with trastuzumab on experimental pituitary tumor cell growth and its effect on the antiproliferative response to TGFB1. Trastuzumab decreased the pituitary tumor growth as well as the expression of ERK1/2 and the cell cycle regulators CCND1 and CDK4. The HER2/ERK1/2 pathway is an attractive therapeutic target, but its intricate relations with other signaling modulators still need to be unraveled. Thus, we investigated possible cross-talk with TGFB signaling, which has not yet been studied in pituitary tumors. In tumoral GH3 cells, co-incubation with trastuzumab and TGFB1 significantly decreased cell proliferation, an effect accompanied by a reduction in ERK1/2 phosphorylation, an increase of SMAD2/3 activation. In addition, through immunoprecipitation assays, a diminution of SMAD2/3-ERK1/2 and an increase SMAD2/3–TGFBR1 interactions were observed when cells were co-incubated with trastuzumab and TGFB1. These findings indicate that blocking HER2 by trastuzumab inhibited pituitary tumor growth and modulated HER2/ERK1/2 signaling and consequently the anti-mitogenic TGFB1/TBRs/SMADs cascade. The imbalance between HER2 and TGFBRs expression observed in human adenomas and the response to trastuzumab on experimental tumor growth may make the HER2/ERK1/2 pathway an attractive target for future pituitary adenoma therapy.
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF BACTERIAL FAECAL POLLUTION MARKERS IN OVERLYING WATERS FROM AN EARTHEN FISH POND
Authors: Olalemi Adewale , Oluyemi Busayo
Published: June 2018

This study was carried out to examine the sanitary quality of overlying waters in an earthen pond containing African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) in both wet and dry seasons. Water samples were collected twice weekly at different times of the day (i.e., morning and afternoon) from the earthen pond in Akure, Nigeria in August, September 2016, and February, March 2017 (n=48). Levels of faecal indicator bacteria were determined using membrane filtration method and physicochemical properties (such as temperature, pH, salinity etc.) of the overlying water samples were determined using standard methods. The results revealed that the concentration of E. coli in the overlying waters ranged from 0.78 to 1.40 Log10 CFU 100 ml-1 in morning samples and 0.85 to 1.38 Log10 CFU 100 ml-1 in afternoon samples while the concentration of faecal coliforms in the overlying waters ranged from 1.30 to 1.86 Log10 CFU 100 ml-1 in morning samples and 1.26 to 1.88 Log10 CFU 100 ml-1 in afternoon samples. Faecal coliforms showed the highest prevalence in both seasons compared to E. coli and intestinal enterococci and their levels were greater in the wet periods than the dry periods. The findings from this study suggest that the sources of faecal contamination of the overlying waters in the earthen pond originate mainly from non-human sources and the adoption of microbial source tracking techniques would further elucidate the appropriate management and mitigation strategies to control faecal contamination of the overlying waters in the earthen pond especially for human health protection.
Ensuring Timely Connection to Early Intervention for Young Children With Developmental Delays
Authors: Conroy Kathleen , Rea Corinna , Kovacikova Gabriella Ika , Sprecher Eli , Reisinger Ellen , Durant Hannah , Starmer Amy , Cox Joanne , Toomey Sara L.
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Timely provision of developmental services can improve outcomes for children 0 to 3 years old with developmental delays. Early Intervention (EI) provides free developmental services to children under age 3 years; however, data suggests that many children referred to EI never connect to the program. We sought to ensure that 70% of patients referred to EI from an academic primary care clinic serving a low-income population were evaluated within 120 days of referral.

METHODS:

Recognizing that our baseline system of EI referrals had multiple routes to referral without an ability to track referral outcome, we implemented a multifaceted referral process with (1) a centralized electronic referral system used by providers, (2) patient navigators responsible for processing all EI referrals submitted by providers, and (3) a tracking system postreferral to facilitate identification of patients failing to connect with EI.

RESULTS:

The percentage of patients evaluated by EI within 120 days increased from a baseline median of 50% to a median of 72% after implementation of the systems (N = 309). After implementation, the centralized referral system was used a median of 90% of the time. Tracking of referral outcomes revealed decreases in families refusing evaluations and improvements in exchange of information with EI.

CONCLUSIONS:

Rates of connection to EI improved substantially when referrals were centralized in the clinic and patient navigators were responsible for tracking referral outcomes. Knowledge of EI intake processes and relationships between the practice and the EI site are essential to ensure successful connections.
Проектний підхід до створення іміджу території
Authors: Zinchenko Olha
Published: June 2018

Мета роботи – обґрунтувати вплив проектного підходу на створення позитивного іміджу регіону.

Результати дослідження. Висунуто гіпотезу про позитивний вплив проектного підходу на формування іміджу території. Доведено, що регіони, в яких спостерігається активне впровадження проектів розвитку території, є більш привабливими як для інвесторів, так і для туристів. Розроблено алгоритм створення іміджу території з позиції проектного підходу на основі моделі бізнес-інжинірингу, який передбачає діагностичний, проектний, контрольний етапи. Кожний етап розкрито в стадіях та конкретних роботах. Доведено необхідність застосування клієнтоорієнтованих технологій у розробці іміджу території: проект повинен спиратися на очікування населення, влади, інвесторів, гостей регіону від тих можливостей, що надає територія. Показано, як розкриваються функції менеджменту іміджу завдяки проектному підходу.

Практичне значення дослідження. Результати дослідження можуть бути цікавими для практиків державного менеджменту в Україні, оскільки комплексної концепції іміджмейкінгу територій не має жодний регіон цієї держави.

Оригінальність/цінність/наукова новизна дослідження. Вперше запропоновано адаптувати практику проектного підходу в розробці іміджу економічних регіонів України.

Перспективи подальших досліджень. У подальшому доцільно дослідити можливості управління проектними ризиками при створенні іміджу регіону, комунікативні технології взаємодії влади, бізнесу і населення для просування регіонального бренду, систематизувати світовий досвід регіональних проектів іміджмейкинга.

 Тип статті – емпірична.
Determination and pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of O-demethyl nuciferine in mice by UPLC–MS/MS
Authors: Wu Haiya , Lu Mengrou , He Jiamin , Huang Miaoling , Zheng Aote , Zhang Meiling , Wen Congcong , Ye Jufen
Published: June 2018

In this study, a precise, rapid, and accurate ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometer (UPLC–MS/MS) method for the quantitation of O-demethyl nuciferine in mouse blood was developed, and pharmacokinetics of O-demethyl nuciferine was studied for the first time after sublingual injection and gavage. The study was performed with an UPLC ethylene bridged hybrid (UPLC BEH) (2.1 mm × 50 mm, 1.7 μm) column at 30 °C, using diazepam as the internal standard (IS). The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile–10 mmol/L ammonium acetate (containing 0.1% formic acid), with a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min for 4 min run time. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) modes of m/z 282.1→219.0 for O-demethyl nuciferine and m/z 296.2→265.1 for IS were utilized to conduct quantitative analysis. Protein in mouse blood was directly precipitated with acetonitrile for sample preparation. The linear range was 1–500 ng/mL with r > 0.995, and the lower limits of quantification (LLOQ) was 1 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-day precision of O-demethyl nuciferine in mouse blood were RSD < 14% and RSD < 15%, respectively.r The accuracy ranged from 89.0% to 110.7%, with a recovery higher than 88.9%, while the matrix effect was between 103.1% and 108.7%. We further applied this UPLC–MS/MS method to the pharmacokinetic study on O-demethyl nuciferine after sublingual injection and gavage and determined the bioavailability to be 6.4%.
Application of mobile phases containing ionic liquid for the analysis of selected psychotropic drugs by HPLC–DAD and HPLC–MS
Authors: Petruczynik A. , Wróblewski K. , Waksmundzka-Hajnos M.
Published: June 2018

In reversed-phase liquid chromatography, in case of the absence of additives, cationic basic compounds give rise to asymmetrical and broad peaks as a result of interactions of analyte cations with residual free silanols on silica-based stationary phases. Ionic liquids, added to the mobile phase, have been suggested as alternatives to amines to block the activity of free silanols. The different parameters affecting the retention behavior, symmetry of peak, system efficiency, and separation selectivity of selected psychotropic drugs, especially the effect of concentration of ionic liquid, kind and concentration of organic modifiers of mobile phases, and kind of stationary phases were investigated. The most selective and efficient systems are used for separations of psychotropic drug standards' mixture and for determination of selected psychotropic drugs in human serum.
Gerontomotricidade e idoso praticante de atividades físicas: um estudo teórico
Authors: Miranda Vinícius Bittencourt
Published: June 2018

Tem-se como proposta apresentar conceituações sobre o envelhecimento, enumerando aspectos decorrentes deste processo natural ao ser humano, tratando de questões neuromusculares, cardiorrespiratórias, da composição corporal, da endocrinologia e de fatores patológicos do envelhecimento inerentes à essas ocorrências,abordando a realização de atividades físicas durante a velhice, apontando as consequências dessas ao indivíduo idoso. A seguir, aborda-se a psicomotricidade e a gerontomotricidade, correlacionando essas informações com a realização de atividades físicas na concepção do ser idoso. As considerações finais unem essas perspectivas sob a ótica do autor, verificando a importância da realização das atividades psicomotoras na melhora da qualidade de vida do idoso, bem como elucidando a responsabilidade do profissional de Educação física que orienta esse programa de treinamento, criando um impacto social positivo na saúde física e mental de seus alunos, fundamental na terceira idade.
Difusão da política cicloviária no município de São Paulo: resistências, apoios e o papel da mídia
Authors: Leite Cristiane Kerches da Silva , Cruz Maurício Feijó , Rosin Lucas Bravo
Published: June 2018

Resumo São Paulo é uma megalópole com um padrão de ocupação marcado pelo protagonismo do automóvel, mas, recentemente, a agenda de mobilidade urbana ganhou novos significados e mobilizou novos atores. A partir da perspectiva teórica pós-positivista e das teorias de difusão de políticas públicas, buscou-se discutir como a ideia da política cicloviária se originou, se adaptou e enfrentou resistências no contexto político e social do município de São Paulo no governo Fernando Haddad (Partido dos Trabalhadores). Como resultado de pesquisa destacam-se, de um lado, o papel da comunidade política e epistêmica dos cicloativistas e o papel empreendedor do prefeito Haddad como elementos de apoio político. Em contraste, a imprensa paulistana desempenhou papel opositor à implementação da política, agindo como ator político no subsistema da política cicloviária, por meio do ataque sistemático à imagem das infraestruturas implantadas para as bicicletas.
Policy mobilities as comparison: urbanization processes, repeated instances, topologies
Authors: Robinson Jennifer
Published: June 2018

Abstract Following on from calls to reformat comparative urban methods to support global urban studies, this paper draws inspiration from policy mobilities to explore how the genetic interconnectedness of urban processes and outcomes can be mobilised methodologically to critique and extend concepts in urban theory through comparison. What might be the scope and tactics for a practice of comparison through connections, which can start anywhere and build comparisons and analytical insights across a very great diversity of urban experiences? This paper explores three possible ways to take this forward. Firstly, tracing a specific connection, such as a policy link, from one context to another or across a number of different contexts contributes to understanding specific urbanization processes. Secondly, following connections brings into view the range and variety of processes and outcomes in different contexts. In the highly transnationalised world of urban policy this method potentially links a very wide variety of diverse urban contexts and draws attention to a multiplicity of repeated instances of urban forms. Finally, the paper considers the potential to work with the array of transnational processes shaping distinctive policy outcomes and development paths as they come together in one specific place - to explore how “elsewhere” is folded in to localised growth paths. Thus, comparative practices could follow policy mobilities to explore the potential of a more topological imagination of thinking across different contexts, and bringing a diversity of urban contexts into analytical conversation. Along these lines, the invention of concepts and understandings of the urban might emerge anywhere, and perhaps find wider relevance across different situations. Following the trajectories of policy mobilities is thus not only a pathway to inventing new methods but also potentially new grounds for theorizing the urban.
LA VIDA DE DOMINGUITO: CIUDADANÍA, PATERNIDAD Y GUERRA EN DOMINGO FAUSTINO SARMIENTO
Authors: Josiowicz Alejandra
Published: June 2018

Resumen Este artículo analiza La vida de Dominguito (1886) de Domingo Faustino Sarmiento, biografía del hijo adoptivo, Domingo Fidel Sarmiento, muerto en la Guerra del Paraguay. La vida de Dominguito está ligada a la última etapa de la trayectoria intelectual y política de Sarmiento y escenifica el lugar central de la Guerra del Paraguay en el proceso de consolidación del Estado nacional argentino. La vida de Dominguito es examinada en relación con los textos biográficos, autobiográficos y pedagógicos de Sarmiento. La biografía del hijo revela los desafíos en el proceso de consolidación nacional, el papel central que Sarmiento adjudica a las élites militares e ilustradas y las tensiones de su ideal democrático de educación. El foco del análisis es la representación del acceso precoz del hijo a la ciudadanía, a partir de tres modalidades fundamentales: el sufragio, las armas y las letras. En la conclusión, se reflexiona sobre el sentido histórico-político de la paternidad, la infancia y la filiación.
AS CONCEPÇÕES MARXISTAS DA PEDAGOGIA HISTÓRICO-CRÍTICA DE DERMEVAL SAVIANI EM RELAÇÃO À TEMÁTICA DO CONHECIMENTO: CONTRIBUIÇÕES AO CURRÍCULO
Authors: Ribeiro Márden de Pádua , Zanardi Teodoro Adriano Costa
Published: June 2018

RESUMO: O presente artigo traz à tona as contribuições do educador brasileiro Dermeval Saviani ao campo do currículo. Para isso, utiliza de pesquisa bibliográfica resgatando os princípios marxistas de sua obra, articulando-os ao campo do currículo tendo como pano de fundo a temática do conhecimento. O trabalho utiliza também comentadores de Saviani de modo a tornar mais completa e diversificada a análise. Resgatar as contribuições de Saviani ao currículo é importante em um momento que o campo se afasta da temática do conhecimento (MOREIRA, 2001, 2002, 2007, 2010, 2012) ao priorizar as articulações com a cultura sob viés marcadamente pós-estruturalista. Assim, as concepções de Dermeval Saviani se mantêm atuais e polêmicas ao campo, ao defender uma concepção de conhecimento que acolhe princípios de universalidade, e que prioriza a necessidade do currículo como um vetor de transmissão dos conhecimentos tidos como patrimônios da humanidade.
Indicadores de desempenho e redes sociais: existe algo em comum?
Authors: Gomide Marcia , Rodrigues Carina Lino
Published: June 2018

Resumo Introdução Este artigo objetiva identificar a relação entre o desempenho de um Programa de Controle da Hanseníase (PCH) e a sua relação com a rede social, em um município brasileiro. Método Foram realizadas coleta de dados secundários, visitas para observação e entrevistas com o coordenador local do programa (PCH), o secretário de saúde, outros dois coordenadores e com profissionais por estes citados, seguindo a técnica de gerador de nomes. Dezesseis entrevistas originaram a elaboração de seis redes individuais e três coletivas, configurando três momentos: (I) identificação do problema, (II) demonstração do problema e (III) tentativa de reestruturação. Resultados Observou-se uma centralidade de cliques, em que o coordenador do PCH e o da Vigilância Epidemiológica compartilhavam funções no PCH, com fortes laços pessoais. As demais ligações identificadas foram caracterizadas como fortes ou frágeis, e profissionais. Conclusão Foi identificada relação entre o desempenho do PCH (indicadores) e os diferentes tempos das redes sociais, o que acabou por influenciar no funcionamento deste.
Integração ensino-serviço-comunidade nos cenários de práticas na formação interdisciplinar em Saúde: uma experiência do Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para a Saúde (PET-Saúde) no sul da Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Faria Lina , Quaresma Márcia Alves , Patiño Rafael Andrés , Siqueira Raquel , Lamego Gabriela
Published: June 2018

A proposta do Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para a Saúde (PET-Saúde) da Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia (UFSB) focaliza as relações entre saberes e práticas acadêmicas, profissionais e populares, desenvolvendo uma postura crítica e reflexiva na formulação de problemas com base nas demandas concretas da comunidade, por meio do trabalho em equipe, fortalecendo a articulação entre universidade e Rede de Atenção à Saúde. O objetivo foi relatar a experiência do PET-Saúde em um curso de Bacharelado Interdisciplinar em Saúde na UFSB, em Porto Seguro, sul da Bahia, no período entre maio de 2016 e março de 2017. Valoriza-se aqui a importância do processo ensino-aprendizagem vinculado aos cenários das práticas na formação em saúde. A experiência relatada esteve orientada pelos princípios da pesquisa-ação na elaboração do diagnóstico participativo da situação de saúde do território para mudanças no contexto social e sanitário e debate da relevância social do ensino na formação para o exercício profissional.
Concursos Públicos Docentes em uma Universidade Federal: Proposta de Melhorias em Software
Authors: Barbosa Matheus Boni , Silveira-Martins Elvis
Published: June 2018

Resumo O presente trabalho propõe um plano de intervenção para a solução de dificuldades e de melhorias relativas ao processo de realização de provas em Concursos Públicos e Processos Seletivos em uma Universidade Federal. As propostas foram motivadas, principalmente, devido a uma série de equívocos pontuais encontrados em registros documentais, provenientes da interação entre o Software que gerencia as tarefas das seleções e os usuários desse sistema, levando a necessidade de confecção de documentos específicos para regularização dos processos. Embora não trazendo prejuízos do ponto de vista finalístico, essas ações elevam o tempo despendido e o número de atividades anteriores à homologação dos resultados dos certames. Identificou-se, portanto, a necessidade de compreensão dos problemas de forma mais aguda, e o foco do diagnóstico foi direcionado àqueles fatores que estavam trazendo maior impacto ao processo. A metodologia adotada envolveu pesquisa bibliográfica, análise documental e a observação participante sobre os fluxos dos processos. O resultado foi uma proposta de intervenção para atuar sobre as funcionalidades atuais do Software, para se criarem novas funcionalidades e para promover a integração do Software ao portfólio institucional, permitindo atuar eficazmente na correção e na prevenção de equívocos, bem como na melhoria dos processos.
Envolvimento Estratégico da Média Gerência: Analisando o Passado e Projetando o Futuro
Authors: Vaz Samir Lótfi , Bulgacov Sergio
Published: June 2018

Resumo Embora exista uma crescente literatura que destaca o papel de indivíduos da média gerência na estratégia, já se passaram cerca de 10 anos desde que ela foi revisada. Este artigo tem o objetivo de analisar essa literatura e sugerir oportunidades futuras. Para tal, foi conduzida uma revisão narrativa envolvendo 63 trabalhos publicados desde 1970, cada qual classificado de acordo com as suas questões de pesquisa, principais variáveis e correntes teóricas. Tais informações foram a base para uma análise de conteúdo por meio da qual foi possível identificar uma nova tipologia com seis categorias centrais de estudos. As categorias descrevem diferentes tipos de envolvimento da média gerência na estratégia, indicando maior diversidade de possíveis caminhos teóricos, metodológicos e contextuais sobre o tema.
Fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento da flebite: revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Urbanetto Janete de Souza , Freitas Ana Paula Christo de , Oliveira Ana Paula Ribeiro de , Santos Jessica de Cassia Ramos dos , Muniz Franciele de Oliveira Minuto , Silva Renata Martins da , Schilling Maria Cristina Lore
Published: June 2018

Resumo OBJETIVO Descrever as evidências científicas publicadas na literatura acerca dos fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento das flebites. MÉTODO Revisão integrativa da literatura com inclusão de 14 artigos originais encontrados nas bases LILACS, Scielo e Pubmed de janeiro de 2004 a abril de 2015 e analisados quanto ao nível de evidência e frequência, fatores associados, grau e tratamento das flebites. RESULTADOS A frequência/incidência/taxa mínima de flebite foi 3% e a máxima foi 59,1%. A maioria dos artigos (57,14%) relataram associação da flebite com fatores de risco, dentre eles, o tempo de permanência, local de punção e/ou região anatômica, tempo de internação, quantidade de acessos, motivo de retirada, sexo, antibióticos, manutenção intermitente e inserção de emergência. CONCLUSÕES Identificou-se a necessidade uniformização da quantificação deste evento e uma baixa consonância entre os fatores de risco associados a flebites. Outros estudos necessitam ser desenvolvidos para o real entendimento deste agravo no cotidiano hospitalar.
EFFECT OF SAMPLE RE-SATURATION ON SOIL-WATER CHARACTERISTIC CURVE
Authors: NASCIMENTO ÍCARO VASCONCELOS DO , ALENCAR THIAGO LEITE DE , SANTOS CARLOS LEVI ANASTÁCIO DOS , ASSIS JÚNIOR RAIMUNDO NONATO DE , MOTA JAEDSON CLÁUDIO ANUNCIATO
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT Soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) is an important tool for water management in irrigated agriculture. However, factors such as texture and structure of soils influence SWCC behavior. According to the literature, wetting and drying cycles alter SWCC. A similar process of re-saturation and drying occurs during SWCC obtainment under laboratory conditions. Based on the hypothesis that re-saturation process alters SWCC due to clay loss in the sample, this study aimed to obtain the SWCC, S index, and pore size distribution from samples submitted to re-saturation cycles, as well as from not re-saturated samples but under higher matric potentials (-2, -4, -6, -8, and -10 kPa). For this, disturbed and undisturbed soil samples, collected from the A (sandy texture) and Btg (sandy clay loam texture) horizons of a Argissolo Acizentado, were used. After obtaining SWCC, each air-dried soil sample was submitted to particle size and clay dispersed in water analyses to verify whether the soil lost clay. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with two methods of SWCC constructing (with and without re-saturation) and eight replications. The re-saturation process generates a loss of clay in the sample, not causing significant changes in SWCC considering the assessed textural soil classes. In addition, sandy soil samples are more sensitive to changes in pore size distribution when submitted to re-saturation.
Are Brazilian cities ready to develop an efficient urban freight mobility plan?
Authors: Dias José Maria , Sobanski Gabriel Bugan , Silva João Eduardo Azevedo Ramos da , Oliveira Leise Kelli de , Vieira José Geraldo Vidal
Published: June 2018

Abstract According to the Urban Mobility National Policy (UMNP), Brazilian cities with more than 20,000 inhabitants are obligated to elaborate Urban Mobility Plans (UMPs). The literature shows a lack of national research on urban freight planning and a need for better understanding issues on cargo transportation for authorities, especially regarding decision-making on policies and on urban freight transportation planning. City Logistics solutions can be considered on UMPs to reduce the problematic urban freight transport. Therefore, a survey was applied to investigate the resources available within cities to draw UMPs, the solutions for cargo movement in Brazilian cities, and the perceptions of public managers about freight transportation. The results show that “restrictions” are the solutions most adopted by Brazilian authorities, including the representative sample for cities within the São Paulo State with more than 250,000 inhabitants. The conclusions point out that Brazilian cities are not prepared to develop an efficient urban freight plan, as public managers seem to be unconscious about urban logistics demands within their cities or have neglected aspects regarding urban freight within the UMNP.
Planejamento e orçamento municipal de Teresina para o crescimento econômico e meio ambiente no período de 2014 a 2016
Authors: Nascimento Sanny Maria dos Milagres Garcia do , Gomes Jaíra Maria Alcobaça
Published: June 2018

Resumo A construção de cidades sustentáveis parte da perspectiva de compatibilidade entre crescimento econômico e prudência ecológica. Nesse âmbito, o presente estudo analisou a incorporação desse paradigma aos instrumentos de planejamento urbano do município de Teresina. Para tanto, selecionaram-se as diretrizes do plano diretor da cidade que atuam diretamente sobre o crescimento econômico e o meio ambiente e examinaram-se a provisão e a execução orçamentária para essas normas, nos exercícios de 2014, 2015 e 2016. Os resultados apontaram para um município que compatibilizou a promoção de atividades produtivas com medidas que diminuíssem as pressões sobre o meio ambiente ao prever no plano diretor critérios relativos à gestão de resíduos sólidos, ao zoneamento ambiental, às áreas verdes, à drenagem urbana, aos rios limpos e ao esgotamento sanitário. Também se percebeu alinhamento entre os instrumentos investigados ao identificar a provisão de recursos para gestão ambiental, saneamento básico, serviços urbanos de limpeza pública e coleta de resíduos, assim como para a promoção de setores produtivos. Mas, ao examinar a execução financeira, verificou-se que menos de 50% do orçamento previsto para essas áreas foi executado, tendo o município concentrado a execução orçamentária em áreas como Previdência Social, encargos especiais e saúde. Concluiu-se que Teresina incorporou nos instrumentos de planejamento urbano analisados os princípios de cidade sustentável, mas nos exercícios de 2014 a 2016 não priorizou essas áreas com recursos financeiros.
The enigma of aluminum deposition in bone tissue from a patient with chronic kidney disease: a case report
Authors: Meira Rodrigo Dias de , Carbonara Cinthia Esbrile Moraes , Quadros Kélcia Rosana da Silva , Santos Carolina Urbini dos , Schincariol Patrícia , Pêssoa Gustavo de Souza , Arruda Marco Aurélio Zezzi , Jorgetti Vanda , Oliveira Rodrigo Bueno de
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT About four decades ago, the relationship between dialysis-dementia and aluminum (Al) began to be established. The restriction of drugs containing Al and improvements on water quality used for dialysis resulted in the clinical disappearance of Al intoxication. However, high prevalence of Al deposition in bone tissue from Brazilian dialysis patients is still being detected. Through the case report of a patient on hemodialysis (HD) for one year, presenting significant Al deposition in bone tissue, we speculated if this problem is not being underestimated. We used extensive investigation to identify potential sources of Al exposure with a careful review of medication history and water quality controls. Al concentration was measured by different methods, including mass spectrometry, in poly-electrolyte concentrate solutions and solution for peritoneal dialysis, in an attempt to elucidate the possible sources of contamination. The objective of this case report is to alert the medical community about a potential high prevalence of Al deposition in bone tissue and to discuss the possible sources of contamination in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Cow manure ash particle size distribution's effect on concrete paste rheological properties
Authors: Wang Hao , Zhou Shuguang , Zhang Haiyu
Published: June 2018

The influence of cow manure ash (CMA) particle size distribution on some rheological properties of cement paste is the experimental basis for the application of CMA to concrete. Some research studies have been conducted with the purpose of studying this influence. The particle size distribution of CMA particles was measured by laser particle size analyser. The CMA particles in the cement paste samples constituted 5, 10, 15 and 20% of the total cement mass. The apparent viscosity of cement paste was measured with a rotational viscometer; the yield stress and plastic viscosity were calculated by fitting method. Correlations between CMA particle size distribution and some rheological properties (especially steady flow properties) were tested using a grey correlation analysis. The results of the correlation analysis show that: increasing the particle content of 3–32 μm and 32–65 μm size, especially the former, reduces the yield stress value, and increases the plastic viscosity of the slurry viscosity, except for at the level of 15% addition.
Influence of graphene oxide on hydration characteristics of tricalcium silicate
Authors: Li Xiangguo , Liu Zhuolin , Lv Yang , Cai Lixiong , Jiang Wenguang , Zhou Yang
Published: June 2018

Graphene oxide (GO) has attracted increasing research attention as a reinforcing material in cement-based materials. In this work, the influences of GO on the hydration and microstructure characteristics of tricalcium silicate (C3S) were investigated by hydration heat studies, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis and field emission scanning electron microscopy. It was found that C3S hydration was accelerated by the incorporation of GO and that GO may have a catalytic effect on the C3S hydration process at early age. Moreover, the addition of GO can enhance the formation of nuclei and the growth of calcium hydroxide crystals at an early age and can also provide a template for calcium silicate hydrate gel, which thus changes the morphology of the hydration products.
Criteria and guidance for the design of integral bridges
Authors: Al-Ani Moustafa , Murashev Alexei , Palermo Alessandro , Andisheh Kaveh , Wood John , Goodall Darren , Lloyd Nigel
Published: June 2018

The design and implementation of integral and semi-integral bridges has grown in prominence in New Zealand practice over the last two decades, and bridge designers in the country refer to the New Zealand Transport Agency (NZTA) Bridge Manual for design guidance. However, several issues related to the design and construction of integral bridges were identified as requiring either further investigation or clearer guidance for local design practice. These included non-seismic effects such as concrete creep, shrinkage and temperature, seismic effects and geotechnical issues including soil–structure interaction. Particularly, it was noted that there are no well-established earthquake design procedures for bridges with integral abutments and that the topic of soil–structure interaction required further guidance. NZTA research report 577, published in November 2015, was developed to sit alongside the Bridge Manual and provide local engineers with the necessary guidance for the design of integral bridges, including a description of the issues that need consideration to ensure excellent long-term performance. Report 577 also contains details of a review of the performance of numerous existing integral bridges in both New Zealand and California that have been subject to strong seismic events. This paper discusses the key issues for consideration in the design of integral bridges in non-seismic and seismic regions and the key recommendations for addressing these issues, and also provides examples of documented performance of some integral bridges in New Zealand.
Delivering urban energy and transport links using offshore structures
Authors: Jackson Gordon
Published: June 2018

Offshore engineering can play a vital role in meeting the needs of future cities without increasing their onshore footprint. Growth in population and changes in how citizens interact will create demand for energy and transport solutions in the near term. This paper shows how large coastal cities in Asia can deliver transitional base-load power generation capacity within 2–3 years using floating liquefied natural gas units. This will give city authorities time to develop energy from renewable sources, including wider use of floating solar power plants. Airport use is also expected to increase in line with urban growth. Established concrete caisson technologies can be readily adapted from floating highway bridges to provide international-standard floating runways.
Urban and landscape design in the Arabian Gulf region: a new paradigm for sustainability
Authors: Cooke Robert
Published: June 2018

Globally humans consume 150% of naturally replenished assets, which is unsustainable, but in parts of the Arabian Gulf region the figure is up to 2000%. Furthermore, the population of the region’s cities is set to increase dramatically. As discussed in this paper, the growth will have an impact on urban buildings, spaces and surrounding environments as well as on the areas used to fuel and feed these populations and the products they employ. While this can never be truly ‘sustainable’ in the traditional sense, there is significant scope for inherent reduction in demands, massive efficiency gains and deployment of non-consumptive renewable resources. A new paradigm for sustainable design in the Gulf is proposed.
Meeting Report: Supervising Engineer Forum 2017
Authors: Kennedy Colleen
Published: June 2018

SEPA presentation summary
Sensitivity of concrete properties to compressive strength
Authors: Vakhshouri Behnam , Nejadi Shami
Published: June 2018

Concrete is generally classified by compressive strength (CS) grade, which signifies the characteristic strength required. Other mechanical parameters of concrete are expressed in terms of the CS. Depending on design objectives, economic issues and available materials, normal-strength concrete, high-strength concrete (HSC) or ultra-high-strength concrete (UHSC) might be used in design and construction. Due to the non-linear nature of concrete, there is no proportional relation between properties of concrete, even in corresponding characteristics in different types of concrete. Although design codes and experimental investigations define different limits for HSC and UHSC and present relations for properties of various concrete classes, predicted values are sometimes significantly imprecise. This study broadly presents equations to estimate modulus of elasticity, splitting tensile strength and modulus of rupture for different CS classifications and validates them by comparing with empirical relations and international design codes' formulae.
Delivering temporary flood defence deployment plans: lessons learned from case studies in the UK
Authors: Cartwright Alexander , Tsavdaris Alexandros , Burton Russell , Matthews Daniel
Published: June 2018

Temporary flood barriers can be used to create short-term, artificial walls blocking water flow across a floodplain as an alternative to permanent heavy-engineering solutions. However, to be successful, there needs to be an effective plan for the deployment of temporary flood defences. The authors of this paper highlight the lessons learned and knowledge gained through producing site-specific temporary flood defence deployment plans at Torksey Lock and St Neots in the UK. A deployment plan should operate at operational, strategic and tactical levels, with limitations at each level considered. It should also aim to resolve the risks associated with previous experiences of operational failure of temporary barriers. Limitations nevertheless remain, including awareness of and response to a structural failure. Testing of deployment plans is beneficial to flood risk engineers, emergency planning practitioners and the wider community.
Global commitment towards sustainable energy
Authors: Umar Tariq , Egbu Charles
Published: June 2018

Energy is crucial to economic and social development and improves quality of life. However, fossil fuel energy produces greenhouse gases (GHGs) and cannot be sustained for a long time. It is essential to tackle these problems by moving towards renewable and sustainable energy. Some countries, including those in the Arabian Gulf region, are still in the appraisal stage of adopting different forms of renewable energy. This paper reviews the business potential and likely GHG reductions associated with adopting renewable energy in Oman. It is revealed that 1·9 Mt of annual carbon dioxide emissions could be cut by producing 10% of the country’s electricity from renewables. The paper further discusses the global sustainable energy commitment under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and reviews the 2030 targets of some countries that are high producers of GHGs. It is anticipated that if all these planned targets are achieved, the total sustainable energy contribution could grow by nearly 11 000 TWh by 2030. These plans provide guidance for those countries still preparing to submit their plans to the UN.
Characterisation of jarofix for use in geotechnical projects
Authors: Sinha Anil K. , Havanagi Vasant G. , Shahu Jagdish T.
Published: June 2018

A detailed laboratory study was carried out to evaluate the physical, chemical and geotechnical characteristics of jarofix (a waste material generated by the zinc industry) before assessing its applicability for embankment construction. Mineralogical and morphological properties, shape, crystallinity and the concentration of inorganic and heavy metals were evaluated. The stress–displacement behaviour of jarofix was studied by conducting a series of direct shear tests at different normal stresses and dry densities. The parameters studied were the shear stress, shear stress ratio, horizontal and vertical displacements, peak and critical friction angles and dilation. These parameters were compared with those of other suitable embankment materials. It was found that jarofix has a polycrystalline structure with cuboidal particles and a non-hazardous nature. The peak shear stress values at higher density were significantly higher than those at lower density. The stress–strain and volume-change behaviour of the jarofix was found to be similar to those of silty soil, fly ash, sandy soil and dense sand. It is concluded that jarofix can be utilised as an alternative embankment material for sustainable road construction.
Case studies of circular shaft construction in London
Authors: Faustin Njemile E. , Elshafie Mohammed Z. E. B. , Mair Robert J.
Published: June 2018

At present, there are few well-documented case studies of circular shaft construction, making it difficult for designers to estimate reliable ground movements arising from such construction. This paper describes field observations of ground surface settlement assembled during the construction of 27 circular shafts built for three major tunnelling projects in London: Crossrail, National Grid's London Power Tunnels project and Transport for London's Northern line extension. Two categories of shaft construction were identified: support before excavation (SBE) and excavation before support (EBS). For the SBE category, the shaft was first supported by pre-installed walls followed by excavation of the soil between the pre-installed walls. For the EBS category, the ground was progressively excavated in sections followed by construction of the shaft lining. Interpretation of the field observations showed the importance of the shaft construction method on ground movements. Settlements were much more significant for EBS shaft construction than for SBE shaft excavation, although settlement arising from the installation of pre-installed walls or dewatering operations should not be overlooked. Normalised charts are presented to help the industry make estimates of settlements due to circular shaft construction in London, with due consideration for different shaft geometries and construction methods.
Effects of biochar on water retention and matric suction of vegetated soil
Authors: Ni J. J. , Chen X. W. , Ng C. W. W. , Guo H. W.
Published: June 2018

Biochar is the pyrolysed biomass which has been used as a soil amendment to improve plant performance. This study aims to investigate the effects of biochar–plant interaction on soil water retention and matric suction in silty sand (SM). In total, four soil conditions, namely soil with and without tree (Schefflera heptaphylla), biochar-amended soil (BAS) with and without tree, were subjected to drying. Three replicates were considered for each vegetated soil. By adding 10% (v/v) of biochar, the optimum water content of soil increased from 12 to 17%, while the maximum dry density decreased from 1890 to 1740 kg/m3. For both bare and vegetated soils with biochar, desorption rates of soil water-retention curves were smaller than those without biochar, while there were almost no changes in air-entry value (AEV). Biochar reduced matric suction in bare soil by 35–70% and in vegetated soil by 12–36%.
Taylor's slope stability chart for combined effects of horizontal and vertical seismic coefficients
Authors: Sahoo P. P. , Shukla S. K.
Published: June 2018

Design standards and codes of practice on earth slope stability often recommend the pseudo-static method of analysis for determining the factor of safety of a slope subjected to seismic forces. In most pseudo-static methods of analysis, the horizontal seismic force is considered without due weightage to vertical seismic force. In the past, Taylor's stability chart for a homogeneous cohesive-frictional soil slope has been extended to consider the effect of horizontal seismic force only. In this paper, an attempt is made to develop an analytical formulation considering both horizontal and vertical seismic forces in order to estimate the factor of safety of the homogeneous, cohesive-frictional soil slopes with simple profiles using Taylor's stability chart. The analytical formulation is based on the friction circle method, which is one of the methods of static slope stability analysis. Several field cases have been analysed considering slope geometry, soil properties and seismic loading conditions so that Taylor's stability chart can be routinely used by practising engineers considering the effects of both horizontal and vertical seismic forces. An illustrative example is included in order to explain how practising engineers can use the graphical presentations developed in this paper as the design charts for stability analysis. This illustrative example has also been solved using Plaxis 2D, a commercially available finite-element software, as a comparison.
The parkable piezoprobe for determining cv and strength – modelling and interpretation methods
Authors: Schneider M. A. , Stanier S. A. , Chatterjee S. , White D. J. , Randolph M. F.
Published: June 2018

The parkable piezoprobe is a site investigation tool for measuring the coefficient of consolidation, in situ offshore, at shallow embedment depths. The device applies a similar bearing pressure to subsea infrastructure so it reaches a comparable self-weight penetration when ‘parked’ at the seabed, representative of an unburied pipeline. Instrumentation on the device allows the dissipation of penetration-induced excess pore pressure to be recorded at various locations on the surface. From these dissipation responses the coefficient of consolidation can be inferred, which is a key parameter in the design of many offshore structures founded in surficial soil, such as pipelines or shallow foundations. The intent is that this device is deployed from a seabed frame, while other activities such as penetrometer testing or sampling take place in parallel. This paper presents robust interpretation methods for the parkable piezoprobe by using a combination of centrifuge experiments and large deformation finite-element analyses. The centrifuge tests demonstrate that the penetration response of the parkable piezoprobe is adequately captured by existing bearing capacity models, allowing the optimum device weight to be identified. A comprehensive interpretation method is then developed for the dissipation stage. This yields accurate estimates of the coefficient of consolidation, even for cases where there is no prior knowledge of the soil parameters or the depth to which the device embeds under its own self-weight.