bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphological and molecular characterization of Encotyllabe vallei Monticelli, 1907 (Monopisthocotylea, Monogenea) from the gilthead seabream Sparus aurata Linnaeus (Teleostei, Sparidae) from the southwestern Mediterranean and notes on host specificity of the genus Encotyllabe Diesing, 1850
Authors: Zedam Fatima-Zohra , Bouguerche Chahinez , Ahmed Mohammed , Tazerouti Fadila
Published: November 2023

Incomplete original descriptions, the unavailability or poor conditions of specimens and the lack of detailed redescriptions have caused the validity of several species of the genus Encotyllabe Diesing, 1850 to be questioned. To date, seven of the recognized species were described upon one or two specimens, hindering study of intraspecific variations. This was made worse by considering few morphoanatomical differences sufficient to erect new species. Among Encotyllabe spp. occurring in Mediterranean waters, E. vallei was first described from the gilt-head bream Sparus aurata (Sparidae) off Italy. Although beautifully illustrated for a paper from that century, morphometric data for E. vallei from the type-host S. aurata remain unavailable. Previous records of E. vallei provided either morphometrical or molecular data, and its validity was questioned. We provide a redescription of E. vallei based on newly collected specimens from the S. aurata from the southwestern Mediterranean (off Algeria) using integrative taxonomy. Analysis of cox1 sequences of E. vallei from S. aurata, compared to sequences from other sparid hosts, mainly Pagellus bogaraveo, revealed a divergence not exceeding 2%, suggesting a stenoxenic specificity for this monogenean. Given that P. bogaraveo is the type-host for Encotyllabe pagelli, we were tempted to suggest a synonymy between E. vallei and E. pagelli. We refrained from doing so because E. pagelli was first described from the Atlantic coast off Brest, France. Morphological data for Encotyllabe from P. bogaraveo are warranted assessing the host specificity of E. vallei and whether there might be a species complex within individual sparid fish species.
Systematic Bias Correction in Ocean Mesoscale Forecasting Using Machine Learning
Authors: Liu Guangpeng , Bracco Annalisa , Brajard Julien
Published: November 2023

The ocean circulation is modulated by meandering currents and eddies. Forecasting their evolution is a key target of operational models, but their forecast skill remains limited. We propose a machine learning approach that improves the output of an ocean circulation model by learning and predicting its systematic biases. This method can be applied a priori to any region, and is tested in the Gulf of Mexico, where the Loop Current (LC) and the large anticyclonic eddies that detach from it are major forecasting targets. The LC dynamics are recurrent and lie on a low‐dimensional dynamical attractor. Building upon the information gained analyzing this low dimensional attractor, we improve the representation of sea surface anomalies in model outputs through information from satellite altimeter data using a Sequence‐to‐Sequence model, which is a special class of Recurrent Neural Network. Building upon the HYCOM‐NCODA analysis system, we deliver a correction to the forecast at the observation resolution. For at least 15 days the proposed method learns to forecast the systematic bias in the HYCOM‐NCODA, outperforming persistence, and improving the forecast. This data‐driven approach is fast and can be implemented as an added step to any dynamical hindcasting or forecasting model. It offers an interesting avenue for further developing hybrid modeling tools. In these tools, fundamental physical conservations are preserved through the integration of partial differential equations which obey them. In addition, the method highlights specific deficiencies of the hindcast system that deserve further investigation in the future.
RECCAP2 Future Component: Consistency and Potential for Regional Assessment to Constrain Global Projections
Authors: Jones Chris D. , Ziehn Tilo , Anand Jatin , Bastos Ana , Burke Eleanor , Canadell Josep G. , Cardoso Manoel , Ernst Yolandi , Jain Atul K. , Jeong Sujong , Keller Elizabeth D. , Kondo Masayuki , Lauerwald Ronny , Lin Tzu‐Shun , Murray‐Tortarolo Guillermo , Nabuurs Gert‐Jan , O’Sullivan Mike , Poulter Ben , Qin Xiaoyu , von Randow Celso , Sanches Marcos , Schepaschenko Dmitry , Shvidenko Anatoly , Smallman T. Luke , Tian Hanqin , Villalobos Yohanna , Wang Xuhui , Yun Jeongmin
Published: November 2023

Projections of future carbon sinks and stocks are important because they show how the world's ecosystems will respond to elevated CO2 and changes in climate. Moreover, they are crucial to inform policy decisions around emissions reductions to stay within the global warming levels identified by the Paris Agreement. However, Earth System Models from the 6th Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) show substantial spread in future projections—especially of the terrestrial carbon cycle, leading to a large uncertainty in our knowledge of any remaining carbon budget (RCB). Here we evaluate the global terrestrial carbon cycle projections on a region‐by‐region basis and compare the global models with regional assessments made by the REgional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes, Phase 2 activity. Results show that for each region, the CMIP6 multi‐model mean is generally consistent with the regional assessment, but substantial cross‐model spread exists. Nonetheless, all models perform well in some regions and no region is without some well performing models. This gives confidence that the CMIP6 models can be used to look at future changes in carbon stocks on a regional basis with appropriate model assessment and benchmarking. We find that most regions of the world remain cumulative net sources of CO2 between now and 2100 when considering the balance of fossil‐fuels and natural sinks, even under aggressive mitigation scenarios. This paper identifies strengths and weaknesses for each model in terms of its performance over a particular region including how process representation might impact those results and sets the agenda for applying stricter constraints at regional scales to reduce the uncertainty in global projections.
The Multi‐Scale Interactions of Atmospheric Phenomenon in Mean and Extreme Precipitation
Authors: Prein Andreas F. , Mooney Priscilla A. , Done James M.
Published: November 2023

Climate change increases the frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation, which in combination with rising population enhances exposure to major floods. An improved understanding of the atmospheric processes that cause extreme precipitation events would help to advance predictions and projections of such events. To date, such analyses have typically been performed rather unsystematically and over limited areas (e.g., the U.S.) which has resulted in contradictory findings. Here we present the Multi‐Object Analysis of Atmospheric Phenomenon algorithm that uses a set of 12 common atmospheric variables to identify and track tropical and extra‐tropical cyclones, cut‐off lows, frontal zones, anticyclones, atmospheric rivers (ARs), jets, mesoscale convective systems (MCSs), and equatorial waves. We apply the algorithm to global historical data between 2001–2020 and associate phenomena with hourly and daily satellite‐derived extreme precipitation estimates in major climate regions. We find that MCSs produce the vast majority of extreme precipitation in the tropics and some mid‐latitude land regions, while extreme precipitation in mid and high‐latitude ocean and coastal regions are dominated by cyclones and ARs. Importantly, most extreme precipitation events are associated with phenomena interacting across scales that intensify precipitation. These interactions are a function of the intensity (i.e., rarity) of extreme events. The presented methodology and results could have wide‐ranging applications including training of machine learning methods, Lagrangian‐based evaluation of climate models, and process‐based understanding of extreme precipitation in a changing climate.
The Indo‐Pacific Maritime Continent Barrier Effect on MJO Ensemble Prediction
Authors: Abhik S. , Zhang Chidong , Hendon Harry H.
Published: November 2023

The barrier effect of the Indo‐Pacific Maritime Continent (MC) on the Austral summertime Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO) is explored using retrospective forecasts from subseasonal‐to‐seasonal (S2S) prediction models. The general MJO prediction skills in the S2S models are evaluated and the top‐performing models are identified. We select two sets of observed MJO events ‐ continuously propagating across the MC into the western Pacific (WP) and blocked by the MC. The continuously propagating MJO events are better predicted than the blocked MJO events for their systematic eastward propagating behavior, especially in the ocean‐atmosphere coupled models. Although the best four models and their ensemble consistently produce greater prediction skills of the continuously propagating MJOs, the all‐model ensemble is not better than the top‐performing models. Our analysis suggests that a realistic representation of air‐sea interaction over the WP is crucial for better MJO prediction.
A novel flow-cytometric based method to assess post-HSCT donor chimerism exploiting RNA hybridization
Authors: Nucera Silvia , Sindoni Marco M. , Bugarin Cristina , Villa Tiziana , Biondi Andrea , Balduzzi Adriana , Gaipa Giuseppe
Published: November 2023

Analysis of donor-recipient chimerism after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is of pivotal importance for patient’s clinical management, especially in the context of mixed chimerism. Patients are routinely monitored for chimerism in sorted subsets of peripheral blood cells. However, measurement of chimerism in sorted immune cell subsets is technically challenging and time consuming. We here propose a novel, flow cytometry-based approach to detect donor cell chimerism in sex-mismatched HSCT. We exploit RNA PrimeFlow™ system, based on RNA hybridization, to detect mRNA from a lysine demethylase encoded by Y chromosome, KDM5D. This approach allows to distinguish male and female derived cells with around 1% sensitivity. The procedure can be coupled with multiparametric immunophenotyping to assess chimerism in specific immune cell subsets without the need for prior FACS-sorting. We apply this method to a cohort of HSCT patients (n = 10) and we show that it is consistent with standard PCR-based method. We also show that different T lymphocyte subsets display variable degrees of donor chimerism, especially in CD8+ T cell compartment where we observe an enrichment for recipient chimerism in central memory T cells. This method can be exploited to advance current knowledge on immune reconstitution focusing on specific subsets avoiding prior FACS-sorting.
Breast cancers with high proliferation and low ER-related signalling have poor prognosis and unique molecular features with implications for therapy
Authors: Licata Luca , Barreca Marco , Galbardi Barbara , Dugo Matteo , Viale Giulia , Győrffy Balàzs , Karn Thomas , Pusztai Lajos , Gianni Luca , Callari Maurizio , Bianchini Giampaolo
Published: November 2023

Background

Luminal breast cancers with high proliferation (MKShi) and low ER-related signalling (ERSlo) have a poor prognosis. We investigated treatment responses and molecular features of MKShi/ERSlo tumours to inform potential therapies.

Methods

Gene expression data from patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) without (MDACC, N = 199) or with pembrolizumab (I-SPY2, N = 40), or endocrine therapy (NET) without (POETIC, N = 172) or with palbociclib (NeoPalAna, N = 32) were analyzed to assess treatment response by MKS/ERS-subgroups. TCGA was used to assess the mutational landscape and biomarkers associated with palbociclib-resistance (Cyclin-E, RBsig, IRPR) and immunotherapy-response (TMB, TILs, T-cell inflamed) by MKS/ERS-subgroups.

Results

Compared to MKShi/ERShi tumours, MKShi/ERSlo tumours had higher pathological response rates to NAC (22% vs 8%, p = 0.06) but a higher recurrence risk (4-year metastasis-free survival 70% vs 94%, p = 0.01). MKShi/ERSlo tumours frequently harboured TP53 (34%) and PIK3CA (33%) mutations, and showed high expression of Cyclin-E, RBsig and IRPR, high TMB and elevated TIL and T-cell inflamed metagene expression. MKShi/ERSlo tumours retained high proliferation after NET with or without palbociclib but had higher pathological complete response rates when pembrolizumab was added to NAC (42% vs 21%, p = 0.07).

Conclusions

MKShi/ERSlo tumours have dismal outcomes and are enriched in chemotherapy-sensitive but ET- and palbociclib-resistant tumours. Biomarker analysis and clinical data suggest a potential role for immunotherapy in this group.
A criterion for strange metallicity in the Lorenz ratio
Authors: Tulipman Evyatar , Berg Erez
Published: November 2023

The Wiedemann-Franz (WF) law, stating that the Lorenz ratio L = κ/(Tσ) between the thermal and electrical conductivities in a metal approaches a universal constant $${L}_{0}={\pi }^{2}{k}_{B}^{2}/(3{e}^{2})$$

L

0

=

π

2

k

B

2

/

(

3

e

2

)

at low temperatures, is often interpreted as a signature of fermionic Landau quasi-particles. In contrast, we show that various models of weakly disordered non-Fermi liquids also obey the WF law at T → 0. Instead, we propose using the leading low-temperature correction to the WF law, L(T) − L0 (proportional to the inelastic scattering rate), to distinguish different types of strange metals. As an example, we demonstrate that in a solvable model of a marginal Fermi-liquid, L(T) − L0 ∝ − T. Using the quantum Boltzmann equation (QBE) approach, we find analogous behavior in a class of marginal- and non-Fermi liquids with a weakly momentum-dependent inelastic scattering. In contrast, in a Fermi-liquid, L(T) − L0 is proportional to − T2. This holds even when the resistivity grows linearly with T, due to T − linear quasi-elastic scattering (as in the case of electron-phonon scattering at temperatures above the Debye frequency). Finally, by exploiting the QBE approach, we demonstrate that the transverse Lorenz ratio, Lxy = κxy/(Tσxy), exhibits the same behavior.
Capsaicin alleviates neuronal apoptosis and schizophrenia-like behavioral abnormalities induced by early life stress
Authors: Xu Shilin , Hao Keke , Xiong Ying , Xu Rui , Huang Huan , Wang Huiling
Published: November 2023

Early life stress (ELS) is associated with the later development of schizophrenia. In the rodent model, the maternal separation (MS) stress may induce neuronal apoptosis and schizophrenia-like behavior. Although the TRPV1 agonist capsaicin (CAP) has been reported to reduce apoptosis in the central nervous system, its effect in MS models is unclear. Twenty-four hours of MS of Wistar rat pups on postnatal day (PND9) was used as an ELS. Male rats in the adult stage were the subjects of the study. CAP (1 mg/kg/day) intraperitoneal injection pretreatment was undertaken before behavioral tests for 1 week and continued during the tests. Behavioral tests included open field, novel object recognition, Barnes maze test, and pre-pulse inhibition (PPI) test. MS rats showed behavioral deficits and cognitive impairments mimicking symptoms of schizophrenia compared with controls. MS decreased the expression of TRPV1 in the frontal association cortex (FrA) and in the hippocampal CA1, CA3, and dentate gyrus (DG) regions compared with the control group resulting in the increase of pro-apoptotic proteins (BAX, Caspase3, Cleaved-Caspase3) and the decrease of anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2). The number of NeuN++TUNEL+ cells increased in the MS group in the FrA, CA1, CA3, and DG compared with the control group. Neuronal and behavioral impairments of MS were reversed by treatment with CAP. Exposure to ELS may lead to increased neuronal apoptosis and impaired cognitive function with decreased TRPV1 expression in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in adulthood. Sustained low-dose administration of CAP improved neuronal apoptosis and cognitive function. Our results provide evidence for future clinical trials of chili peppers or CAP as dietary supplements for the reversal treatment of schizophrenia.
The application value of high-frequency ultrasound in the feasibility assessment of endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy in children with appendicitis
Authors: Guo Xiaoya , Yang Hengli , Zhao Ping , Li Jinghua , Zeng Lingchao , Wang Chunhui , Yang Yilin , Yang Ruijing
Published: November 2023

Acute appendicitis is one of the common acute abdominal diseases in pediatrics. However, the implementation of radiological examination guided endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy (ERAT) in adults is limited in children. Our previous research explored the non-invasive guidance of high-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) for ERAT and achieved good therapeutic effects. This study mainly focuses on exploring the application value of HFUS in the feasibility assessment of ERAT in children with appendicitis. 163 children with appendicitis received ERAT guided by HFUS were analyzed retrospectively. According to the parameters evaluated by HFUS before and during ERAT, the results indicated that the distance between the appendix orifice and the ileocecal valve significantly affected the time required for the guidewire to enter the appendix cavity (P < 0.05). The diameter and the texture of the fecalith, the thickness of the intestinal wall of the appendiceal orifice all had significant effects on the successful removal of the fecalith (P < 0.05). The success rate, treatment time and final flushing effect of the guidewire to reach the blind end of the appendix were significantly affected by the tortuosity of the appendix and whether there was adhesion with surrounding tissues (P < 0.05). HFUS can accurately assess the feasibility of ERAT in children with appendicitis.
Optimized backpropagation neural network for risk prediction in corporate financial management
Authors: Gu Lingzi
Published: November 2023

Corporate financial management is responsible for constructing, optimizing, and modifying finance-related structures for an unremitting function. The finance optimization model incorporates risk prediction and fund balancing for distinguishable corporate operations. This risk prediction is handled using sophisticated computing models with artificial intelligence and machine learning for self-training and external learning. Therefore, this article introduces a Backpropagation-aided Neural Network for designing an Optimal Risk Prediction (ORP-BNN) to pre-validate existing and new financial imbalances. The risk prediction model is designed to cope with corporate standards and minimum riskless financial management. This is designed as a linear snowfall model wherein the BNN decides the significance between fund allocation and restraining. The snowfall model significantly relies on allocation or restraining, which is achieved by assigning significant weights depending on the previous financial decision outcome. The weight factor is determined using gradient loss functions associated with the computing model. The training process is pursued using different structural modifications used for successful financial management in the past. In particular, the risk thwarted financial planning using a snowfall-like computing model, and its data inputs are used for training optimization. Therefore, the proposed model's successful risk mitigation stands high under prompt decisions.
Mechanisms and heterogeneity in the construction of network infrastructure to help rural households bridge the “digital divide”
Authors: Meng Xiangtai , Wang Xinting , Nisar Ubair , Sun Shiying , Ding Xin
Published: November 2023

Addressing the digital divide that plagues rural areas has become an important issue in narrowing the urban–rural gap and achieving common prosperity. This article examines the impact of network infrastructure on rural households’ ability to cross the digital divide by using the "broadband rural" strategy as a proxy variable for network infrastructure and combining data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) with a score propensity matched difference-in-differences model (PSM-DID). The results show that network infrastructure can help farmers cross the access and use divide, but does not contribute significantly to crossing the ability divide in the current period. A triple difference model (DDD) was introduced to test the effect of network technology training on the contribution of network infrastructure to the ability gap, and the ability gap needs to be based on the use gap, so there is a delay in the response of the ability gap to policy. Further analysis reveals that network infrastructure mainly facilitates non-farm occupational groups to cross the capability divide, and facilitates middle-aged and young people to cross the digital divide, and does not have significant effects on groups involved in agricultural work and older people. In view of this, the network infrastructure should be continuously promoted, public service training on digital skills should be organized, electronic products and information services should be created exclusively for the elderly group and the group involved in agricultural production, and the ability of farmers to apply the network to their production life should be strengthened.
Increasing densities of Pacific crown-of-thorns starfish (Acanthaster cf. solaris) at Lizard Island, northern Great Barrier Reef, resolved using a novel survey method
Authors: Chandler Josie F. , Burn Deborah , Caballes Ciemon F. , Doll Peter C. , Kwong Sarah L. T. , Lang Bethan J. , Pacey Kai I. , Pratchett Morgan S.
Published: November 2023

Recurrent population irruptions of Pacific crown-of-thorns starfish (CoTS,Acanthastercf.solaris) are among the foremost causes of coral mortality on Australia’s Great Barrier Reef (GBR). Early intervention during the initiation of new population irruptions represents the best opportunity to effectively manage this threat. However, current survey methods are not sufficiently sensitive to detect changes in CoTS densities during the early onset of population irruptions. Using scooter-assisted large area diver-based (SALAD) surveys, this study revealed increasing densities of CoTS at Lizard Island from 2019 to 2022. Inferred densities of adult CoTS (which account for distinct sets of observed feeding scars where starfish were not detected) increased from 4.90 ha−1(± 0.85 SE) in 2019 to 17.71 ha−1(± 2.3 SE) in 2022. A wide range of size classes were recorded suggesting that recruitment over several years is contributing to increasing densities. Importantly, the sustained density increases reported here denote that renewed CoTS population irruptions may soon become fully established at Lizard Island and more broadly in the northern GBR, especially without early intervention through effective population management.
Disease specific urinary biomarkers in the central nervous system
Authors: Duggins-Warf Micah , Ghalali Aram , Sesen Julie , Martinez Tyra , Fehnel Katie P. , Pineda Steven , Zurakowski David , Smith Edward R.
Published: November 2023

Urinary biomarkers can diagnose and monitor pathophysiologic conditions in the central nervous system (CNS). However, focus is often on single diseases, with limited data on discriminatory capability of this approach in a general setting. Here, we demonstrate that different classes of CNS disease exhibit distinct biomarker patterns, evidence of disease-specific “fingerprinting.” Urine from 218 patients with pathology-confirmed tumors or cerebrovascular disease, controls (n = 33) were collected. ELISA and/or bead-based multiplexing quantified levels of 21 putative urinary biomarkers. Analysis identified biomarkers capable of distinguishing each disease from controls and other diseases. Mann–Whitney U tests identified biomarkers with differential expression between disease types and controls (P ≤ 0.001). Subsequent receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analyses revealed distinguishing biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity. Areas under the curve (AUCs) ranged 0.8563–1.000 (P values ≤ 0.0003), sensitivities ranged 80.00–100.00%, and specificities ranged 80.95–100.00%. These data demonstrate proof-of-principle evidence that disease-specific urinary biomarker signatures exist. In contrast to non-specific responses to ischemia or injury, these results suggest that urinary biomarkers accurately reflect unique biological processes distinct to different diseases. This work can be used to generate disease-specific panels for enhancing diagnosis, assisting less-invasive follow-up and herald utility by revealing putative disease-specific therapeutic targets.
High-level production of nervonic acid in the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica by systematic metabolic engineering
Authors: Su Hang , Shi Penghui , Shen Zhaoshuang , Meng Huimin , Meng Ziyue , Han Xingfeng , Chen Yanna , Fan Weiming , Fa Yun , Yang Chunyu , Li Fuli , Wang Shi’an
Published: November 2023

Nervonic acid benefits the treatment of neurological diseases and the health of brain. In this study, we employed the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica to overproduce nervonic acid oil by systematic metabolic engineering. First, the production of nervonic acid was dramatically improved by iterative expression of the genes ecoding β-ketoacyl-CoA synthase CgKCS, fatty acid elongase gELOVL6 and desaturase MaOLE2. Second, the biosynthesis of both nervonic acid and lipids were further enhanced by expression of glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferases and diacylglycerol acyltransferases from Malania oleifera in endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Third, overexpression of a newly identified ER structure regulator gene YlINO2 led to a 39.3% increase in lipid production. Fourth, disruption of the AMP-activated S/T protein kinase gene SNF1 increased the ratio of nervonic acid to lignoceric acid by 61.6%. Next, pilot-scale fermentation using the strain YLNA9 exhibited a lipid titer of 96.7 g/L and a nervonic acid titer of 17.3 g/L (17.9% of total fatty acids), the highest reported titer to date. Finally, a proof-of-concept purification and separation of nervonic acid were performed and the purity of it reached 98.7%. This study suggested that oleaginous yeasts are attractive hosts for the cost-efficient production of nervonic acid and possibly other very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs).
Redox-responsive peptide-based complex coacervates as delivery vehicles with controlled release of proteinous drugs
Authors: Wang Jiahua , Abbas Manzar , Huang Yu , Wang Junyou , Li Yuehua
Published: November 2023

Proteinous drugs are highly promising therapeutics to treat various diseases. However, they suffer from limited circulation times and severe off-target side effects. Inspired by active membraneless organelles capable of dynamic recruitment and releasing of specific proteins, here, we present the design of coacervates as therapeutic protocells, made from small metabolites (anionic molecules) and simple arginine-rich peptides (cationic motif) through liquid-liquid phase separation. These complex coacervates demonstrate that their assembly and disassembly can be regulated by redox chemistry, which helps to control the release of the therapeutic protein. A model proteinous drugs, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), can rapidly compartmentalize inside the complex coacervates, and the coacervates formed from peptides conjugated with arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) motif (a fibrinogen-derived peptide sequence), show selective binding to the thrombus site and thus enhance on-target efficacy of tPA. Furthermore, the burst release of tPA can be controlled by the redox-induced dissolution of the coacervates. Our proof-of-principle complex coacervate system provides insights into the sequestration and release of proteinous drugs from advanced drug delivery systems and represents a step toward the construction of synthetic therapeutic protocells for biomedical applications.
Lubricin (PRG-4) anti-fouling coating for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy biosensing: towards a hierarchical separation system for analysis of biofluids
Authors: Han Mingyu , Silva Saimon M. , Russo Matthew J. , Desroches Pauline E. , Lei Weiwei , Quigley Anita F. , Kapsa Robert M. I. , Moulton Simon E. , Stoddart Paul R. , Greene George W.
Published: November 2023

A fouling-resistant SERS sensor was demonstrated, enabled by the anti-adhesive and size-selective transport properties of self-assembled lubricin brushes. R6G was successfully identified in unprocessed whole blood using LUB-SERS.
Ferrocene/air double-mediated FeTiO3-photocatalyzed semi-heterogeneous annulation of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones in EtOH/H2O
Authors: Ouyang Wen-Tao , Ji Hong-Tao , Jiang Jun , Wu Chao , Hou Jia-Cheng , Zhou Min-Hang , Lu Yu-Han , Ou Li-Juan , He Wei-Min
Published: November 2023

With natural ilmenite as the heterogeneous photocatalyst, ferrocene and air as the homogeneous redox-catalysts, H-bonds as the promoter, and EtOH/H2O as the solvent, a semi-heterogeneous decarboxylative annulation of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones was developed.
Trace-level chronopotentiometric detection in the presence of a high electrolyte background using thin-layer ion-selective polymeric membranes
Authors: Li Jinghui , Zhang Wenting , Qin Wei
Published: November 2023

A thin-membrane-based chronopotentiometric sensor is reported for the first time for reversible trace-level detection in a high electrolyte background.
An environment friendly electrochemical synthesis of 1,1,4,4-tetramethyl-2-tetrazene energetic materials from undimethylhydrazine
Authors: Xue Qi , Zhang Mi , He Liang , Bi Fu-Qing , Wang Bo-Zhou , Liu Bin
Published: November 2023

A simple, clean, and electrochemical synthesis suitable for industrial production of 1,1,4,4-tetramethyl-2-tetrazene energetic materials from undimethylhydrazine.
Rational design of a direct Z-scheme β-AsP/SiC van der Waals heterostructure as an efficient photocatalyst for overall water splitting under wide solar spectrum
Authors: Zhang Yan , Xie Kang-Xin , Qiang Zhi-Bo , Ding Jian-Xin , Duan Li , Ni Lei , Fan Ji-Bin
Published: November 2023

The solution to the issue of energy scarcity lies in the search for an effective photocatalyst.
Two isostructural complexes of Ni(ii) and Zn(ii) with violurate and pyridine: a detailed structural, theoretical, magnetic, and NMR investigation
Authors: Roy Subhadip , Mal Susital , Banik Rupak , Das Subrata , Dlháň Ľubor , Titiš Ján , Boča Roman , Kirillov Alexander M. , Novikov Alexander S. , Hazendonk Paul , Butcher Ray J. , Bauza Antonio , Frontera Antonio
Published: November 2023

Synthesis and detailed investigation of two dimethylviolurate complexes are reported herein.
Structural, electronic, optical, elastic, thermodynamic and thermal transport properties of Cs2AgInCl6 and Cs2AgSbCl6 double perovskite semiconductors using a first-principles study
Authors: Zhang Keqing , Zhang Lijun , Saravana Karthikeyan S. K. S. , Kong Chang Yi , Zhang Fuchun , Guo Xiang , Dang Nam Nguyen , Ramaraj Sankar Ganesh , Liu Xinghui
Published: November 2023

The thermal conductivity values of CAIC and CASC compounds exhibit quantum mechanical characteristics, with values of 0.075 and 0.25 W m−1 K−1, respectively, at 300 K.
Lanthanide complexes facilitate wound healing by promoting fibroblast viability, migration and M2 macrophage polarization
Authors: Ali Wajid , Jamshidi-Adegani Fatemeh , Mirsanei Zahra , Al-Kindi Juhaina , Vakilian Saeid , Al-Broumi Mohammed , Al-Hashmi Sulaiman , Rawson Jeremy M. , Al-Harrasi Ahmed , Anwar Muhammad Usman
Published: November 2023

We report structural and wound healing studies on seven tetranuclear lanthanide complexes. Among the series, complex 2 (Eu) displayed the most potent anti-inflammatory effect on macrophage cells, while simultaneously promoting fibroblast viability and migration.
The facile synthesis of and light-driven water splitting on a hetero-metallic bismuth oxide catalyst
Authors: Iqbal Arshia , Iftikhar Mehak , Awais Muhammad , Bilal Anas , Javaria  , Aslam Sidra , Mirza Misbah , Safdar Muhammad
Published: November 2023

The process of water photo-electrolysis possesses the capability to generate sustainable and renewable hydrogen fuels, consequently addressing the challenge of the irregularity of solar energy.
Novel stable ytterbium acetylacetonate–quinaldinate complexes as single-molecule magnets and surprisingly efficient luminophores
Authors: Gavrikov Andrey V. , Ilyukhin Andrey B. , Taydakov Ilya V. , Metlin Mikhail T. , Datskevich Nikolay P. , Buzoverov Mikhail E. , Babeshkin Konstantin A. , Efimov Nikolay N.
Published: November 2023

Novel heteroleptic Yb quinoline-2-carboxylate complexes exhibiting properties of field-induced single-molecule magnets (SMMs) and near IR luminophores are reported. Despite a lot of C–H quenchers, high photoluminescence quantum yield can be achieved.
Selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3 over copper-based catalysts: recent advances and future prospects
Authors: Liu Guoquan , Zhang He , Li Yi , Wang Pengfei , Zhan Sihui
Published: November 2023

This review presents the important progress of Cu-based catalysts for the NH3-SCR reaction. Special attention is given to elucidating the design of high-performance catalysts, as well as anti-inactivation measures in industrial applications.
A metamaterial based sensor for moisture and density of cereal flours
Authors: P. V. Aswathi , Sebastian Anju , Varghese Lulu , V. P. Joseph , Andrews Jolly
Published: November 2023

The dielectric properties of cereal grain flours are studied by varying the moisture content and density, using a novel metamaterial Wire Split Ring Resonator (WSRR) based sensor working in the microwave frequency range at room temperature.
Nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes embedded with nitrogen-doped carbon black anchoring Pd nanocrystals to boost ethanol electrooxidation
Authors: Li Shuwen , Wu Li , Zhao Jinjuan , Li Ruxia , Yang Honglei , Zhao Limin , Jin Ruifa
Published: November 2023

N-doped CNTs embedded with N-doped carbon black anchoring surface-clean Pd NCs exhibit exceptionally improved electrocatalytic behavior towards EOR, due to their unique 3D network architecture and abundant N-containing functional groups.
Highly selective hydrogenolysis of lignin β-O-4 models by a coupled polyoxometalate/CdS photocatalytic system
Authors: Zhang Mo , Li Zheng , Feng Yeqin , Xin Xing , Yang Guo-Yu , Lv Hongjin
Published: November 2023

A mild, efficient, and selective photocatalytic system was developed for the hydrogenolytic cleavage of lignin β-O-4 models to value-added products (phenols and ketones) with over 95% conversion and >93% selectivity.
Transition-metal- and solvent-free regioselective hydrosilylation of alkenes and allenes enabled by catalytic sodiumtert-butoxide
Authors: Saini Suresh , Gupta Dharmendra Kumar , Bhawar Ramesh , Siddiqui Sheema , Mane Manoj V. , Bose Shubhankar Kumar
Published: November 2023

An efficient and sustainable method involving alkali metal Lewis base NaOtBu as a catalyst and diphenyl silane as a silane reagent for the hydrosilylation of vinylarenes, aliphatic alkenes and allenes with high regioselectivity has been developed.
Recycling and recovery of fiber-reinforced polymer composites for end-of-life wind turbine blade management
Authors: Shen Yafei , Apraku Sarkodie Emmanuel , Zhu Yupeng
Published: November 2023

This review highlights the progress and challenges in the mechanical, thermal and chemical recycling and recovery of end-of-life WTBs, which are mainly composed of fiber-reinforced polymer composites.
Kinetics vs. thermodynamics: walking on the line for a five-fold increase in MnSi Curie temperature
Authors: Benedit-Cárdenas Adrián , Bruyère Stéphanie , Migot Sylvie , Hauet Thomas , Petit-Watelot Sébastien , Boulet Pascal , Muller Dominique , Zuev Dmitry A. , Horwat David , Nominé Alexandre
Published: November 2023

Green and digital transitions will induce tremendous demand for metals and semiconductors.
Numerical study of thermal and solutal advancements in ZnO–SAE50 nanolubricant flow past a convergent/divergent channel with the effects of thermophoretic particle deposition
Authors: B. Shilpa , Srilatha Pudhari , Khan Umair , R. Naveen Kumar , Ben Ahmed Samia , Kumar Raman
Published: November 2023

The study focuses on the significance of thermophoretic particle deposition on a ZnO–SAE50 nanolubricant flow in a stretchable/shrinkable convergent/divergent channel in the presence of an applied magnetic field and nonlinear heat radiation.
Electronic structural studies of newly synthesized sterically hindered analogues of meta-benziporphodimethene and its metal complexes
Authors: Kumar Sachin , Ahluwalia Deepali , Kubba Ritika , Bag Arijit , Warkar Sudhir Gopalrao , Kumar Anil
Published: November 2023

meta-BPDM is a new type of discrete conjugated porphyrinoid system and shows tremendous properties related to fluorescence and different behaviors with substituents on the sp3meso carbons.
Enhancement of the electrochemical oxygen reduction performance by surface oxygen vacancies on hematite nanosheets
Authors: Lan Gongxu , Fan Huilin , Wang Yuan , Arandiyan Hamidreza , Bhargava Suresh K. , Shao Zongping , Sun Hongyu , Liu Yanguo
Published: November 2023

The surface atomic arrangement and defective structures of electrocatalysts play a crucial role in determining their catalytic activity and selectivity.
Kinetics and mechanism of halide exchange in reactions of CpRu(PPh3)2Cl with alkyl halides: evidence for radical pairs
Authors: Carney Katherine , Polito Lauren , Reid Kamilya , Srinivasan Surbhi , Blake Gabrielle , Chintala Nithin , Dong Sijia S. , Kirss Rein U.
Published: November 2023

Halide exchange reactions between CpRu(PPh3)2Cl (1) and CBr4, CHBr3, CBr3CO2Et or CHBr2CO2Et yielding CpRu(PPh3)2Br (3) are facile and appear to proceed by a radical pair intermediate in a second order reaction.
A photochromic Cd(ii)-organic framework showing highly efficient dual-response sensing properties
Authors: Zhang Jinfang , Lin Zhuo , Yue Yinlong , Chen Qinghan , Yin Dejing , Zhang Chi
Published: November 2023

A photochromic Cd(ii)-organic framework shows highly efficient dual-response sensing behavior towards TNP and MnO4−.
Dual-aptamer-based colorimetric assay for the accurate identification of circulating tumor cells via Fe3O4@Pt NP nanozymes and G-quadruplex/hemin for signal amplification
Authors: He Ye , Wang Panlin , Wu Zhuzheng , Chen Yating , Gan Xiaohao , Li Fangjie , Wang Wenxiang
Published: November 2023

A colorimetric sensor based on dual aptamers and a novel hybrid nanozyme was constructed for the accurate identification of circulating tumor cells.
Polyoxometalates combined polypyrrole induced bimetallic phosphides for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Shi Tiancong , Men Linglan , Zhen Xiaohan , Li Xiao , Li Jiao , Wang Dongmei , Su Zhongmin
Published: November 2023

MoP/MoNiP@C is synthesized by combining polypyrrole, phosphomolybdate (PMo12) and nickel ions as supramolecular precursors through mutual electrostatic attraction, followed by a one-step high-temperature calcined phosphating process. MoP/MoNiP@C exhibits high HER activity.
Vinylogous propargylation of α,α-dicyanoalkenes: construction of an all-carbon quaternary center
Authors: Lu Shuhui , Zhao Yujie , Xie Su , Li Wei , Li Shi-Wu
Published: November 2023

Vinylogous propargylation of α,α-dicyanoalkenes for construction of an all-carbon quaternary center.
Base-promoted tandem synthesis of 2-azaaryl indoline
Authors: Chen Shuguang , Tan Jiahong , Wu Hao , Zhao Quansheng , Shang Yongjia
Published: November 2023

A novel strategy involving base-promoted tandem SN2 substitution and intramolecular SNAr addition from 2-azaaryl methyl amine and ortho-fluoro benzyl bromide was designed.
Acceptor–donor–acceptor based thermally activated delayed fluorescent materials: structure–property insights and electroluminescence performances
Authors: C P Keshavananda Prabhu , Naveen Kenkera Rayappa , Hur Jaehyun
Published: November 2023

Thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) materials shown great attention in Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Herein, we have systematically reviewed the Acceptor–Donor–Acceptor based TADF materials with electroluminescent characteristics.
Correction: Real-time, smartphone-based processing of lateral flow assays for early failure detection and rapid testing workflows
Authors: Colombo Monika , Bezinge Léonard , Rocha Tapia Andres , Shih Chih-Jen , deMello Andrew J. , Richards Daniel A.
Published: November 2023

Correction for ‘Real-time, smartphone-based processing of lateral flow assays for early failure detection and rapid testing workflows’ by Monika Colombo et al., Sens. Diagn., 2023, 2, 100–110, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2SD00197G.
Studies on bimetallic Cu–Ag supported alumina catalysts for hydrodeoxygenation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-dimethylfuran
Authors: Lakshmi D. Dhana , Yogita  , Srinivasa Rao B. , Lingaiah N.
Published: November 2023

Selective synthesis of 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF) from 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) by hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) was studied over Ag-promoted Cu/γ-Al2O3 catalysts.
A new design approach of hardware implementation through natural language entry
Authors: Yang Kaiyuan , Liu Haotian , Zhao Yuqin , Deng Tiantai
Published: November 2023

OpenAI's ChatGPT (GPT‐4) ushers in a superior mode of computer interaction through natural language dialogues. Notably, it generates not only engaging dialogues but also codes aligned to queries and requirements. The potential of ChatGPT in hardware implementation via natural language is implemented and a strategy for “asking the right questions” is outlined. The versatility of ChatGPT is demonstrated through three mainstream hardware designs – systolic array, ResNet and MobileNet accelerators – comparing these with hand‐coded designs. The evaluation metrics include design quality, design efforts, and limitations of code generated by ChatGPT/GPT‐4/Cursor against prevalent High‐Level Synthesis or hand‐coded HDL designs. Consequently, a novel design workflow is proposed and the constraints of using GPT, particularly in AI accelerators, are highlighted.
The multi-spacecraft high-energy solar particle event of 28 October 2021
Authors: Kouloumvakos A. , Papaioannou A. , Waterfall C. O. G. , Dalla S. , Vainio R. , Mason G. M. , Heber B. , Kühl P. , Allen R. C. , Cohen C. M. S. , Ho G. , Anastasiadis A. , Rouillard A. P. , Rodríguez-Pacheco J. , Guo J. , Li X. , Hörlöck M. , Wimmer-Schweingruber R. F.
Published: November 2023

Aims. We studied the first multi-spacecraft high-energy solar energetic particle (SEP) event of solar cycle 25, which triggered a ground level enhancement on 28 October 2021, using data from multiple observers (Parker Solar Probe, STEREO-A, Solar Orbiter, GOES, SOHO, BepiColombo, and the Mars Science Laboratory) that were widely distributed throughout the heliosphere and located at heliocentric distances ranging from 0.60 to 1.60 AU.

Methods. We present SEP observations at a broad energy range spanning from ∼10 to 600 MeV obtained from the different instruments. We performed detail modelling of the shock wave and we derived the 3D distribution and temporal evolution of the shock parameters. We further investigated the magnetic connectivity of each observer to the solar surface and examined the shock’s magnetic connection. We performed velocity dispersion analysis and time-shifting analysis to infer the SEP release time. We derived and present the peak proton flux spectra for all the above spacecraft and fluence spectra for major species recorded on board Solar Orbiter from the Suprathermal Ion Spectrograph (SIS). We performed 3D SEP propagation simulations to investigate the role of particle transport in the distribution of SEPs to distant magnetically connected observers.

Results. Observations and modelling show that a strong shock wave formed promptly in the low corona. At the SEP release time windows, we find a connection with the shock for all the observers. PSP, STEREO-A, and Solar Orbiter were connected to strong shock regions with high Mach numbers (>4), whereas the Earth and other observers were connected to lower Mach numbers. The SEP spectral properties near Earth demonstrate two power laws, with a harder (softer) spectrum in the low-energy (high-energy) range. Composition observations from SIS (and near-Earth instruments) show no serious enhancement of flare-accelerated material.

Conclusions. A possible scenario consistent with the observations and our analysis indicates that high-energy SEPs at PSP, STEREO-A, and Solar Orbiter were dominated by particle acceleration and injection by the shock, whereas high-energy SEPs that reached near-Earth space were associated with a weaker shock; it is likely that efficient transport of particles from a wide injection source contributed to the observed high-energy SEPs. Our study cannot exclude a contribution from a flare-related process; however, composition observations show no evidence of an impulsive composition of suprathermals during the event, suggestive of a non-dominant flare-related process.
Technologies of cultivation of red onion varieties
Authors: Puchkov M.Yu. , Shagapov M.M. , Eshajieva Kh.Kh.
Published: November 2023

Red onion varieties are among the richest sources of food flavonoids derived from quercinus. This study presents material on agrotechnological evaluation of red onion samples. Field experiments were carried out on typical light chestnut soils of the right-bank part of the Lower Volga in the zone of a sharply continental climate with a drip irrigation method. 9 samples of onion of red color of integumentary scales of selection BEJO ZADEN B.V., NETHERLANDS (4 samples) were studied: Red Bull F1, Red Baron F1, Red Ram F1, Robin F1; NUNHEMS B.V., NETHERLANDS (3 samples): NUN 9003 F1 (Merenge), Countach F1, NUN 9005 F1; HAZERA SEEDS, ISRAEL (1 sample): Retano F1; ENZA ZADEN, NETHERLANDS (1 sample): Monastrell F1. The samples were studied according to: characteristics of bulb coloration, morphometric parameters of the bulb, yield and ripeness.
Isolation and identification of bacteria isolated from cabbage seeds in the Ulyanovsk region
Authors: Maiorov Pavel , Feoktistova Natalia , Suldina Ekaterina , Khasanova Vladislava
Published: November 2023

Bacteriosis caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris is considered one of the most dangerous for cultivated plants. The problem is particularly sharp during favorable agricultural seasons for the development of pathogens. At the same time, effective and modern methods of combating these bacterioses are currently lacking for their effective control. One of the suggested solutions to this problem is the use of phage biopreparations, for which the activity towards “field” cultures of microorganisms is important. In this regard, 22 strains of Xanthomonas campestris bacteria were isolated from 36 samples of seed material. Despite the differences in the seed material, all the isolated strains had typical biological properties for the species and corresponded both to each other and to the reference strains used in work. At the same time, the pathogenicity of isolated microorganisms in relation to cabbage was established in 21 strains. Page layout