bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of Serious Adverse Events in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injuries, from Prehospital Care to Intensive-Care Unit, Using Early Warning Scores
Authors: Martín-Rodríguez Francisco , López-Izquierdo Raúl , Mohedano-Moriano Alicia , Polonio-López Begoña , Maestre Miquel Clara , Viñuela Antonio , Durantez Fernández Carlos , Gómez Correas Jesús , Marques Gonçalo , Martín-Conty José Luis
Published: February 2020

Traumatic brain injuries are complex situations in which the emergency medical services must quickly determine the risk of deterioration using minimal diagnostic methods. The aim of this study is to analyze whether the use of early warning scores can help with decision-making in these dynamic situations by determining the patients who need the intensive care unit. A prospective, multicentric cohort study without intervention was carried out on traumatic brain injury patients aged over 18 given advanced life support and taken to the hospital. Our study included a total of 209 cases. The total number of intensive-care unit admissions was 50 cases (23.9%). Of the scores analyzed, the National Early Warning Score2 was the best result presented with an area under the curve of 0.888 (0.81–0.94; p < 0.001) and an odds ratio of 25.4 (95% confidence interval (CI):11.2–57.5). The use of early warning scores (and specifically National Early Warning Score2) can help the emergency medical services to differentiate traumatic brain injury patients with a high risk of deterioration. The emergency medical services should use the early warning scores routinely in all cases for the early detection of high-risk situations.
Relationships between Parenting Skills and Early Childhood Development in Rural Households in Western China
Authors: Zhong Jingdong , He Yang , Chen Yuting , Luo Renfu
Published: February 2020

This paper empirically investigates the relationships between caregivers’ parenting skills and early cognitive, language, motor, and social-emotional development of children aged 6–24 months. The study is based on data from a survey conducted in 100 villages in a typical poor rural area in western China. A total of 1715 households were enrolled in the study. In the study, Parent and Family Adjustment Scales (PAFAS), Bayley Scales of Infant Development version III (BSID-III), and a socioeconomic questionnaire were used to measure caregiver’s parenting skills, child’s development outcomes, and socioeconomic characteristics in sample households, respectively. Multivariate regression was used to estimate the relationship between a caregiver’s parenting skills and the child’s development outcomes. The results show that, first, parenting skills are positively and significantly associated with children’s cognitive, language, motor, and social-emotional development, and the link between parenting skills and social-emotional development is the strongest; second, the correlation between parenting skills and development outcomes varies across socioeconomic characteristics and parenting skill dimensions. The results provide evidence for the relationship between parenting skills and early childhood development in rural households in western China. Our findings also suggest that interventions aimed at improving caregivers’ parenting skills during the early stages are necessary for human capital development in rural China.
Heavy Metal Content in PolyfloralHoney and Potential Health Risk. A Case Study of Copșa Mică, Romania
Authors: Bartha Szilárd , Taut Ioan , Goji Győző , Vlad Ioana Andra , Dinulică Florin
Published: February 2020

Honey is both a complex food and medicine as well as a healthy alternative to refined sugar. Besides a complex mixture of carbohydrates, honey contains other minor substances which may threaten human health in excess concentrations. Several environmental conditions can affect the quality of honey. This research paper aims to measure the degree of heavy metals (Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Zinc (Zn), and Copper (Cu)) in some polyfloral honey from an industrial area of Romania, considered to be one of the most polluted regions in Eastern Europe. The samples were collected from six stationary apiaries and analysed using the atomic absorption spectrometry method. The content of Pb was higher in the sampling areas exposed directly to the polluted air masses. Cd concentration decreases exponentially while Cu concentration increases as the distance from the source of pollution increases. The checking of the quality of polyfloral honey from local producers is imperative because this product is intended to be consumed by the beekeeper’s family or the local community without being sold to an authorised processor. The results of the study can help to set a threshold for the concentration of Pb and Cd in honey marketed in the European Union.
Study on Differences between Patients with Physiological and Psychological Diseases in Online Health Communities: Topic Analysis and Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Liu Jingfang , Kong Jun , Zhang Xin
Published: February 2020

The development of online social platforms has promoted the improvement of online health communities (OHCs). However, OHCs often ignore differences in user discussions caused by the characteristics of diseases. The purpose of this research was to study differences in the topics and emotions of patients with physiological and psychological diseases by mining the text that they posted in OHCs as well as to discuss how to satisfy these differences. The data came from Baidu Post Bar, the world’s biggest Chinese forum. We collected 50,230 posts from heart disease, hypertension, depression and obsessive-compulsive bars. Then, we used topic modeling and sentiment analysis techniques on these posts. The results indicate that there are significant differences in the preferences of discussion and emotion between patients with physiological and psychological diseases. First, people with physiological diseases are more likely to discuss treatment of their illness, while people with psychological diseases are more likely to discuss feelings and living conditions. Second, psychological disease patients’ posts included more extreme and negative emotions than those of physiological disease patients. These results are helpful for society to provide accurate medical assistance based on disease type to different patients, perfecting the national medical service system.
The Influence of Left-Behind Experience on College Students’ Mental Health: A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study
Authors: Liu Haixia , Zhou Zhongliang , Fan Xiaojing , Wang Jiu , Sun Hongwei , Shen Chi , Zhai Xiangming
Published: February 2020

China’s rapid development and urbanization have created large numbers of migrant laborers, with increasing numbers of young adults and couples migrating from rural areas to large cities. As a result, a large number of children have become left-behind children (LBC), who were left behind in their hometown and cared for by one parent, grandparents, relatives or friends. Some of these LBC have a chance to be college students, who are called college students with left-behind experience. Some studies have indicated that the absence of these college students’ parents during childhood may cause them to have some mental health problems. Therefore, we want to examine the effects of left-behind experience on college students’ mental health and compare the prevalence of mental health problems in left-behind students and control students (without left-behind experience). For this purpose, a cross-sectional comparative survey was conducted in a coastal city of Shandong province, Eastern China. First, 1605 college students from three universities (national admissions) were recruited, including 312 students with left-behind experience and 1293 controls. Their mental health level was measured using Symptom Check-list 90 (containing ten dimensions: somatization, obsessive-compulsion (OCD), interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, terror, paranoia, psychoticism, and other symptoms). The results showed that left-behind experience was a significant risk factor for the mental health problems of college students (OR = 2.27, 95%CI: 1.73 to 2.97). A comparison of the two groups, after controlling the confounding factors using the coarsened exact matching (CEM) algorithm, showed that the prevalence of mental health problems was 35.69% (n = 311) among the left-behind students, while it was 19.68% (n = 1194) among the controls. The two groups were significantly different in terms of these ten dimensions of the SCL-90 scale (p < 0.001), and the prevalence of each dimension among the left-behind students was consistently higher than that among the controls. In addition, different left-behind experiences and social supports during childhood had different effects on mental health problems.
Effect of Lance Structure on Behavior of Coherent Jet in EAF Steelmaking Process
Authors: Liu Fuhai , Zhu Rong , Wei Guangsheng , Fan Shiliang
Published: February 2020

During the electric arc furnace steelmaking process, the coherent jet technology was widely used to protect the kinetic energy of the supersonic oxygen jet and achieve better mixing effects. Comparing with the conventional oxygen lance, the coherent lance could increase the surface area of impaction cavity, resulting in a better stirring effect and higher reaction rate. However, there was limited research about the effect of restriction structure for the coherent lance tip on the flow field characteristic of the main oxygen jet. In this research, three kinds of restriction structures have been investigated by numerical simulation and combustion experiment at room and high ambient temperature conditions. Then an optimum restriction structure would be tested in a 75 t electrical arc furnace steelmaking process to verify its metallurgical property.
Glass–Ceramics in Dentistry: A Review
Authors: Fu Le , Engqvist Håkan , Xia Wei
Published: February 2020

In this review, we first briefly introduce the general knowledge of glass–ceramics, including the discovery and development, the application, the microstructure, and the manufacturing of glass–ceramics. Second, the review presents a detailed description of glass–ceramics in dentistry. In this part, the history, property requirements, and manufacturing techniques of dental glass–ceramics are reviewed. The review provided a brief description of the most prevalent clinically used examples of dental glass–ceramics, namely, mica, leucite, and lithium disilicate glass–ceramics. In addition, we also introduce the newly developed ZrO2–SiO2 nanocrystalline glass–ceramics that show great potential as a new generation of dental glass–ceramics. Traditional strengthening mechanisms of glass–ceramics, including interlocking, ZrO2–reinforced, and thermal residual stress effects, are discussed. Finally, a perspective and outlook for future directions in developing new dental glass–ceramics is provided to offer inspiration to the dental materials community.
Glycine Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Regulating NLRP3 Inflammasome and NRF2 Signaling
Authors: Zhang Yunchang , Ma Xiaoshi , Jiang Da , Chen Jingqing , Jia Hai , Wu Zhenlong , Kim In Ho , Yang Ying
Published: February 2020

Glycine supplementation has been reported to alleviate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung injury in mice. However, the underlying mechanisms responsible for this beneficial effect remain unknown. In the present study, male C57BL/6 mice were treated with aerosolized glycine (1000 mg in 5 mL of 0.9% saline) or vehicle (0.9% saline) once daily for 7 continuous days, and then were exposed to aerosolized LPS (5 mg in 5 mL of 0.9% saline) for 30 min to induce lung injury. Sera and lung tissues were collected 24 h post LPS challenge. Results showed that glycine pretreatment attenuated LPS-induced decreases of mucin at both protein and mRNA levels, reduced LPS-triggered upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferons, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and interleukins. Further study showed that glycine-reduced LPS challenge resulted in the upregulation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), nucleotide binding domain (NOD)-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. In addition, LPS exposure led to the downregulation of NRF2 and downstream targets, which were significantly improved by glycine administration in the lung tissues. Our findings indicated that glycine pretreatment prevented LPS-induced lung injury by regulating both NLRP3 inflammasome and NRF2 signaling.
Monocarboxylate Transporter 6-Mediated Interactions with Prostaglandin F2α: In Vitro and In Vivo Evidence Utilizing a Knockout Mouse Model
Authors: Jones Robert S. , Parker Mark D. , Morris Marilyn E.
Published: February 2020

Monocarboxylate transporter 6 (MCT6; SLC16A5) is a recently studied drug transporter that currently has no annotated endogenous function. Currently, only a handful of compounds have been characterized as substrates for MCT6 (e.g., bumetanide, nateglinide, probenecid, and prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α)). The objective of our research was to characterize the MCT6-specific transporter kinetic parameters and MCT6-specific in vitro and in vivo interactions of PGF2α. Murine and human MCT6-mediated transport of PGF2α was assessed in MCT6-transfected oocytes. Additionally, endogenous PGF2α and a primary PGF2α metabolite (PGFM) were measured in plasma and urine in Mct6 knockout (Mct6−/−) and wild-type (Mct6+/+) mice. Results demonstrated that the affinity was approximately 40.1 and 246 µM respectively, for mouse and human, at pH 7.4. In vivo, plasma PGF2α concentrations in Mct6−/− mice were significantly decreased, compared to Mct6+/+ mice (3.3-fold). Mct6-/- mice demonstrated a significant increase in urinary PGF2α concentrations (1.7-fold). A similar trend was observed with plasma PGFM concentrations. However, overnight fasting resulted in significantly increased plasma PGF2α concentrations, suggesting a diet-dependent role of Mct6 regulation on the homeostasis of systemic PGF2α. Overall, these results are the first to suggest the potential regulatory role of MCT6 in PGF2α homeostasis, and potentially other PGs, in distribution and metabolism.
Automatic Detection System of Olive Trees Using Improved K-Means Algorithm
Authors: Waleed Muhammad , Um Tai-Won , Khan Aftab , Khan Umair
Published: February 2020

Olive cultivation over the past few years has spread across Mediterranean countries with Spain being the world’s largest olive producer among them. Because olives are a major part of the economy for such countries keeping records of their tree count and crop yield is of high significance. Manual counting of trees over such large areas is humanly infeasible. To address this problem, we propose an automatic method for the detection and enumeration of olive trees. The algorithm is a multi-step classification system comprising pre-processing, image segmentation, feature extraction, and classification. RGB satellite images were acquired from the Spanish territory and pre-processed to suppress the additive noise. The region of interest was then segmented from the pre-processed images using K-Means segmentation, through which statistical features were extracted and classified. Promising results were achieved for all classifiers, namely Naive Bayesian, Support Vector Machines (SVMs), Random Forest and Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLPs), at various division ratios of data samples. In a comparison of all the classification algorithms, Random Forest outperformed the rest by an overall accuracy of 97.5% at the division ratio of 70 to 30 for training to testing.
Spatio-Temporal Evolution of Urban Morphology in the Yangtze River Middle Reaches Megalopolis, China
Authors: Zheng Duo , Zhang Guanshi , Shan Hui , Tu Qichao , Wu Hongjuan , Li Sen
Published: February 2020

The Yangtze River Middle Reaches Megalopolis (YRMRM) is the primary urban cluster in central China, which is of vital ecological and economic importance over the Yangtze River basin. To fill the gap on updated evidence needed to support sustainable spatial planning and development in the YRMRM, we systematically characterise its urban spatial patterns and analyse their changes from 2000 to 2015 from two levels. At the regional level, landscape indices are used to depict urban morphology from four aspects, including fragmentation, complexity, contiguity and dispersion. At the local level, spatial autocorrelation analysis is conducted to detect whether the urban morphological patterns, as described by the four landscape indices, are clustered locally. The results showed an increasingly accelerated urban expansion in the YRMRM (approximately 250 km−2/a), contributed mainly by agricultural land conversion (60–80%, depending on subdivisions). An uneven spatial development pattern is identified in the three key metropolitan areas in the YRMRM. The Wuhan Metropolitan Area develops in a continuous and less fragmented fashion, with increased shape complexity and local dispersion. The spatial pattern of the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Metropolitan Area seems to be increasingly fragmented, complex and dispersed. The spatial development pattern in the Poyang Lake Metropolitan Area is overall continuous with an increasingly complex shape and severe local dispersion. Using landscape indices as indicators of sustainability, we discuss the potential environmental and climatic challenges in the YRMRM and the three metropolitan areas. Our results could help to raise awareness and concern for well-targeted management and planning in specific areas.
Bridging the Action Gap by Democratizing Climate Change Education—The Case of k.i.d.Z.21 in the Context of Fridays for Future
Authors: Deisenrieder Veronika , Kubisch Susanne , Keller Lars , Stötter Johann
Published: February 2020

Formal schooling frequently lacks both democratic learning culture and effective climate change education (CCE). This study analyzes the effects of the participatory CCE initiative k.i.d.Z.21 and the impacts of the current Fridays For Future (FFF) climate protests on teenagers’ climate change awareness. The mixed-methods approach comprises online pre-and post-tests, and personal interviews with selected students. k.i.d.Z.21 follows moderate constructivist, inquiry-based learning approaches and addresses 14-year old students from secondary schools in Austria and southern Germany. Considering the effectiveness of the CCE intervention of school year 2018/2019 (N = 169), quantitative findings reveal an increased mean of major components of climate change awareness, including climate-friendly behavior. When separating participants and non-participants in Fridays For Future, personal concern and refusing meat have both increased significantly only among protest participants. A closer examination of this group identifies an enhanced feeling of self-efficacy that might be triggered by perceived collective efficacy. Besides, more climate-friendly consumption behavior, as well as enhanced multiplicative action, are detected. The interviewed students also clearly assigned increased action-related components of climate change awareness to the attendance of FFF. From the findings, we conclude that democratic learning in and out of school can enhance action-related components of climate change awareness, and a combination of both can have an even stronger effect.
A Didactic Pedagogical Approach toward Sustainable Architectural Education through Robotic Tectonics
Authors: Shi Xinyu , Fang Xue , Chen Zhoufan , Phillips Tyson Keen , Fukuda Hiroatsu
Published: February 2020

Robotic tectonics have been integrated into the architectural profession through automated construction for more than a decade, advancing sustainability initiatives in the industry and increasing the quality of building construction. Over the years, avant-garde architects have explored the feasibility of this new design paradigm through the integration of newly-developed digital design software into automated construction. This robotic digital workflow continues to push designers to re-think the complete architecture process (from design conception to physical construction) and guides the building industry towards more precise, efficient, and sustainable development. However, in the current environment of architectural education, professional courses can be fragmented, thematic, and overly academic. Such content is not inherently compatible with the latest technological developments. The lack of understanding and application of digital technological can subsequently lead to the lack of sustainable development in architectural education. In this paper, we aim to introduce a new didactic pedagogical approach that is reliant on the principles of robotic tectonics and is defined through linear development in four distinct, developmental stages (based on information gleaned from four “Robotic Tectonics” workshops and various other rich teaching practices). This pedagogical framework provides interdisciplinary knowledge to architecture students and enables them to use advanced digital tools such as robots for automated construction, laying the groundwork for the discovery of new and complex building processes that will redefine architecture in the near future.
Threshold Analysis and Stationary Distribution of a Stochastic Model with Relapse and Temporary Immunity
Authors: Liu Peng , Meng Xinzhu , Qi Haokun
Published: February 2020

In this paper, a stochastic model with relapse and temporary immunity is formulated. The main purpose of this model is to investigate the stochastic properties. For two incidence rate terms, we apply the ideas of a symmetric method to obtain the results. First, by constructing suitable stochastic Lyapunov functions, we establish sufficient conditions for the extinction and persistence of this system. Then, we investigate the existence of a stationary distribution for this model by employing the theory of an integral Markov semigroup. Finally, the numerical examples are presented to illustrate the analytical findings.
Comparative Analysis of Child Restraint Systems Safety Parameters in Relation to the New Regulation No. 129 of the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations (UN/ECE)
Authors: Muszyński Artur , Łuszczek Jakub , Szymaniuk Rafał
Published: February 2020

This study presents a comparison of the common Child Restraint Systems (CRS) which reduces the value of dynamic loads affecting the child’s body during car accidents. The analyzed systems were: child seats, booster seats, and straps—adjustable vehicle seat belts adapted to children’s stature. The effectiveness of the analyzed devices was assessed on the basis of experimental tests carried out in the accredited laboratory approving the Child Restraint Systems. The tests were carried out in accordance with the new Regulation No. 129 UN/ECE. The authors examined whether the tested devices meet the guidelines of the new Regulations No. 129 despite approval in accordance with Regulation No. 44. Based on the research results, better safety parameters of some new solutions dedicated to children’s safety could be observed. Almost all the selected CRS met requirements stated in Regulation No. 129. The only exception was for abdominal pressure in one of the tested devices. Head Resultant Acceleration in tested devices was 14.7–39.0% less than the limit determined in Regulation No. 129 whereas Chest Resultant Acceleration was 17.4–37.6% less. Abdominal pressure was 46.4–81.4% beneath the limit (apart from one case which did not meet the requirements). The HPC parameter (Head Performance Criterion) was 45.4–74.5% less. The final results show that there are still some possibilities for improving the safety of young vehicle passengers.
Improving Princeton Forcing Dataset over Iran Using the Delta-Ratio Method
Authors: Zhang Qinghuan , Tang Qiuhong , Liu Xingcai , Hosseini-Moghari Seyed-Mohammad , Attarod Pedram
Published: February 2020

In this study, we corrected the bias in the Princeton forcing dataset, i.e., precipitation, maximum and minimum temperatures, and wind speed, by adjusting its long-term mean monthly climatology to match observations for the period 1988–2012 using the delta-ratio method. To this end, we collected meteorological data from 97 stations covering the domain of Iran. We divided Iran into three climatic zones based on the De Martonne classification, i.e., Arid, Humid, and Per-Humid zones, and then applied the delta-ratio method for each climatic zone separately to adjust the bias. After adjustment, the new datasets were compared to the observations in 1958–1987. Results based on four skill scores, including the Nash Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), percent bias (PBIAS), root-mean-square error (RMSE), and R2, indicate that the adjustment greatly improved the quality of the gridded dataset, specifically, precipitation, maximum temperature, and wind speed. For example, NSE for annual precipitation during the validation time period increased from −0.03 to 0.72, PBIAS reduced from 29.2% to 6.6%, RMSE decreased by 182.44 mm, and R2 increased from 0.06 to 0.75. Assessing the results in different climatic zones of Iran reveals that precipitation improved more significantly in the Per-Humid zone followed by the Humid zone, while maximum temperature improved better in the Arid areas. For wind speed, the values improved comparably in the three climate zones. However, the delta values for monthly minimum temperature calculated during the adjustment time period cannot be applied in the validation time period, due to the fact that the Princeton climate data cannot follow the behavior of minimum temperature during the validation phase. In short, we showed that a simple bias adjustment approach, along with minimum observed station data, can significantly improve the performance of global gridded datasets.
Applying the Systems Approach to Decompose the SuDS Decision-Making Process for Appropriate Hydrologic Model Selection
Authors: El Hattab Mohamad H. , Theodoropoulos Georgios , Rong Xin , Mijic Ana
Published: February 2020

Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SuDS) have gained popularity over the last few decades as an effective and optimal solution for urban drainage systems to cope with continuous population growth and urban sprawl. A SuDS provides not only resilience to pluvial flooding but also multiple other benefits, ranging from amenity improvement to enhanced ecological and social well-being. SuDS modelling is used as a tool to understand these complex interactions and to inform decision makers. Major developments in SuDS modelling techniques have occurred in the last decade, with advancement from simple lumped or conceptual models to very complex fully distributed tools. Several software packages have been developed specifically to support planning and implementation of SuDS. These often require extensive amounts of data and calibration to reach an acceptable level of accuracy. However, in many cases, simple models may fulfil the aims of a stakeholder if its priorities are well understood. This work implements the soft system engineering and Analytic Network Process (ANP) approaches in a methodological framework to improve the understanding of the stakeholders within the SuDS system and their key priorities, which leads to selecting the appropriate modelling technique according to the end-use application.
Parametric Terracing as Optimization of Controlled Slope Intervention
Authors: Berčič Tomaž , Ažman-Momirski Lucija
Published: February 2020

With the introduction of mechanization in agriculture, the area of terraced slopes has increased. However, in most cases, the planning of terracing in practice remains experience-based, which is no longer effective from an agricultural, geological, and hydrological point of view. The usual method of building terraces, especially terraces with earth risers, is therefore outdated, and a new method must be found for planning and building terraced areas. In addition to geographical information system (GIS) tools, parametric design tools for planning terraced landscapes are now available. Based on the design approaches for a selected plot in the Gorizia Hills in Slovenia, where we used a trial-and-error method, we improved previous results by defining a model using a computer algorithm that generates a terraced landscape on a selected slope depending on various input parameters such as the height of the terrace slope, the inclination of the terrace slope, the width of the terrace platform, and the number of terraces. For the definition of the algorithm we used the visual program tool Grasshopper. By changing the values of the input data parameters, the algorithm was able to present combinatorial simulations through a variety of different solutions with all the corresponding statistics. With such results it is much easier to make a conscious decision on which combination of parameters is optimal to prevent landslides, plan adequate drainage, and control soil movements when building terraces. The controlled slope intervention is further optimized by the introduction of a usage index (Tx), defined as the quotient of the sum of all flat areas (terrace platforms) and the total area of the plot.
Programa de Fisioterapia Respiratória Para Indivíduos com Síndrome de Down
Authors: Arias Amabile Vessoni
Published: February 2020

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Qualidade de Vida
Authors: Souza Dayane Soares , Sá Mayara Dinéro , Borges Maria Beatriz Silva e
Published: February 2020

Objetivo. Analisar através da escala Autoquestionnaire Qualité de Vie Enfant Imagé (AUQEI) a Qualidade de Vida (QV) de crianças por­tadoras de Paralisia Cerebral (PC) e seu nível de satisfação durante a fisioterapia. Método. A escala foi aplicada em 21 crianças com diag­nóstico de PC, sendo 10 meninas e 11 meninos, com idades entre 4 e 12 anos e diferentes níveis de comprometimento motor, avaliadas na Clínica-escola de Fisioterapia da Universidade Católica de Brasília (UCB). Resultados. O escore geral obtido com a aplicação da escala foi de 48,9+/-9,7 pontos, acima da nota de corte o que evidencia boa QV, com um elevado grau de satisfação durante a fisioterapia. Con­clusão. A partir dos resultados desse estudo é possível inferir que as crianças possuem uma boa percepção acerca de sua QV e sentiam-se muito felizes durante a fisioterapia.
Comparação do Equilíbrio de Crianças com Paralisia Cerebral e Crianças com Desenvolvimento Motor Normal
Authors: Nakaya Luciana , Mazzitelli Carla , Sá Cristina dos Santos Cardoso de
Published: February 2020

A Paralisia Cerebral (PC) refere-se ao déficit neuromuscular causa­do por uma lesão não-progressiva do encéfalo imaturo resultando em uma variedade clínica, porém apresentando em comum o déficit mo­tor e de integridade sensorial. Objetivo. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar descritivamente o desempenho de equilíbrio entre crianças com PC hemiparéticas espásticas classificadas em nível I pelo Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) e crianças em desen­volvimento normal (DN) de mesma idade, por meio da posturografia dinâmica. Resultados. Como resultados encontramos similaridade entre os grupos tanto para as variáveis de estabilidade quanto de ajus­te postural, porém pode-se perceber maior dificuldade das crianças com PC em manter e recuperar o equilíbrio no eixo anteroposterior. O grupo PC em algumas condições apresentou melhor desempenho quando comparados as crianças com desenvolvimento normal. Con­clusão. Concluímos que as similaridades encontradas devem-se ao fato de ambos os grupos apresentarem-se ainda em fase neuronal de maturação do controle postural, e que as crianças com PC apresenta­ram maior oscilação e deslocamento do centro de pressão no sentido anteroposterior.
Tapping de Deslizamento Sobre o Tônus e o Recrutamento Muscular Após Acidente Vascular Cerebral
Authors: Silva José Cláudio da , Silva Maria do Desterro Costa e , Teixeira Geraldo Magella , Anjos Clarissa Cotrim dos , Filho Euclides Maurício Trindade
Published: February 2020

Objetivo. Verificar a eficácia da técnica Tapping de deslizamento so­bre a espasticidade e recrutamento muscular em portadores de Aci­dente Vascular Cerebral. Método. Amostra de 20 pacientes, idade entre 40-90 anos, ambos os sexos e que apresentavam espasticidade. Foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em 2 grupos: Controle que re­cebeu o tratamento fisioterápico convencional, e experimental que recebeu tratamento convencional e a técnica do Tapping de desliza­mento no músculo flexor superficial dos dedos da mão. Tratamento de dez sessões, duração de 40 minutos, duas vezes por semana. As variáveis estudadas foram: espasticidade: medida através da escala de Ashworth modificada, recrutamento muscular: avaliado através da amplitude do sinal eletromiográfico. Resultados. O tratamento com o Tapping de deslizamento reduziu a espasticidade no grupo experi­mental (1,4±1,50/0,4±0,51; Controle/Experimental-depois; p<0,03). Não houve diferença da amplitude de onda eletromiográfica entre os grupos. Mas, a comparação do grupo experimental antes e após o tratamento mostrou uma diminuição significante da amplitude de onda eletromiográfica (35±42,14/21±9,69; Experimental-antes/Expe­rimental-depois; p<0,03), o que também foi observado no grupo con­trole (Controle-antes/Controle-depois: 22±12,24/18±7,46; p<0,05). Conclusão. Sugerimos que a técnica do Tapping de deslizamento re­duz a espasticidade e diminui o recrutamento muscular, e que a apli­cação clínica da técnica pode ser realizada.
Fisioterapia Respiratória na Miastenia Grave
Authors: Brito Anderson Rolim de , Souza Kamilla Zenóbya Ferreira Nóbrega de , Oliveira Ana Maria Braga de , Sousa Milena Nunes Alves de , Freitas Junior José Humberto Azevedo de , Assis Elisangela Vilar de
Published: February 2020

A Miastenia Grave (MG) é uma doença de causa desconhecida que possui um caráter auto-imune. Compromete a musculatura esquelé­tica causando diminuição da força e fadiga muscular aos movimentos voluntários. Objetivo. verificar a interferência da fisioterapia respi­ratória na função pulmonar no paciente com Miastenia Grve. Este trabalho foi realizado com uma paciente do sexo feminino, com 21 anos, portadora de MG, submetida a um conjunto de atividades fisio­terapêuticas voltadas para a função pulmonar. Foram realizadas duas sessões semanais totalizando 12 sessões, que abordavam técnicas de alongamento dos músculos da mecânica respiratória, exercícios dos membros superiores realizados em diagonais e treinamento da mus­culatura respiratória. A força muscular respiratória foi avaliada por meio do manovacuômetro; o volume corrente, a capacidade vital e o volume-minuto foram avaliados por meio do ventilômetro; o pico de fluxo expiratório por meio do peakflow; e o grau de dispneia por meio da escala de Borg. Observou-se uma melhora no volume corrente, na capacidade vital lenta, no pico de fluxo expiratório e na força muscular inspiratória quando comparado os valores iniciais com os finais. A fisioterapia respiratória melhorou a capacidade ventilatória e a força muscular respiratória da paciente, contribuindo para a redução da fa­diga respiratória e minimizando as crises miastênicas.
Neuropatia Periférica em Pacientes com Câncer Colorretal em Tratamento com Oxaliplatina
Authors: Mathias Helena Maria de Cerqueira , Machado Maria Cecília Mathias , Rodrigues Adriano Celso
Published: February 2020

Introdução. A neuropatia periférica representa uma das principais queixas dos pacientes com câncer colorretal submetidos à quimiotera­pia com oxaliplatina, sendo necessária uma maior compreensão sobre o tema pela comunidade de saúde. Objetivo. Revisar a literatura re­ferente à ocorrência de neuropatia periférica secundária à oxaliplatina em pacientes com câncer colorretal. Método. Pesquisa realizada nas bases de dados Medline e Science Direct, com período de coleta entre novembro de 2010 a fevereiro de 2011. Foram utilizados artigos cien­tíficos publicados nos últimos seis anos sobre o tema, sendo excluídos artigos de revisão de literatura e estudos experimentais em laborató­rio. Resultados. Após a pesquisa, foram selecionados 29 artigos para compor esse estudo, todos no idioma inglês. Nos artigos selecionados, observou-se que as principais manifestações clínicas descritas foram parestesia distal, disestesia perioral e laringofaríngea, incapacidade funcional, diminuição ou ausência de reflexos tendíneos, hipersensibi­lidade ao frio, dor e contração muscular. Conclusões. A frequência de neuropatia periférica em pacientes com câncer colorretal submetidos à quimioterapia com oxaliplatina é significativamente alta. Dessa forma, é essencial que os profissionais de saúde estejam atentos aos possíveis efeitos adversos dessa droga. Recomendam-se novos estudos com a finalidade de facilitar a busca de estratégias de prevenção e tratamento para o mesmo.
O Uso das Escalas Funcionais para Avaliação Clínica da Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne
Authors: Barra Tallita Marins Fittipaldi , Baraldi Karen Fernanda
Published: February 2020

Distrofia muscular de Duchenne é uma doença genética na qual ocor­re uma degeneração progressiva e irreversível do tecido muscular, sen­do de rápida evolução. O tratamento visa preservar o quadro clínico funcional e motor, postergando o processo degenerativo. Objetivo. Demonstrar a aplicabilidade do uso das escalas de Vignos, para o es­tadiamento da doença, a escala Egen Klassifikation para quantificar o grau de limitações funcionais e respiratórias e a Medida de Função Motora para averiguar a gravidade e progressão da doença. Método. Realizou-se um levantamento bibliográfico de artigos científicos, livros e dissertações publicadas no período de 2000 a 2011, em português, inglês e espanhol. Utilizando as bases de dados Medline, Lilacs e Scie­lo. Selecionou-se um total de 25 artigos científicos, 1 dissertação e 2 livros. Conclusão. a aplicabilidade destas escalas auxilia o profissional da saúde a definir as condutas terapêuticas, acompanhar a evolução clínica, avaliar o resultado do tratamento ou a necessidade de alterará­-lo, além de possibilitar a realização de novas pesquisas, com o escopo de fornecer uma melhor qualidade de vida aos portadores da doença.
The Potentials Recorded Around the Spinal Cord
Authors: Giuliano Lydia Maria Pereira , Nunes Karlo Faria , Manzano Gilberto Mastrocola
Published: February 2020

Introduction. Clinical Neurophysiology is strongly based on the interpretation of electric potential fields. Such interpretations may sometimes create different conceptual objects that over time end up as different sides of the same phenomenon. An instructive example is represented by the potential fields recorded around the spinal cord viewed from a historical perspective. Method. A brief historical ac­count is given of the potentials recorded around the spinal cord. Re­sults. Dorsal root reflex, dorsal root potential, cord dorsum potential and primary afferent depolarization are described. Conclusion. all these potentials are mainly different aspects of the same generator - the segmental spinal cord activities - secondary to the recordings by different leads.
Caracterização clínica e motora-funcional de idosos hospitalizados pós-Acidente Vascular Cerebral
Authors: Silva Maria Clarice Lopes da , Polese Janaíne Cunha , Starling Juliana Maria Pimenta , Pereira Leani Souza Máximo
Published: February 2020

Objetivo. Caracterizar uma amostra de idosos pós Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) agudo internados em uma unidade de AVC de um hospital universitário quanto a variáveis clínicas e motora-funcionais, bem como verificar possíveis ganhos motores durante o período de internação. Método. Estudo observacional retrospectivo com cole­ta de dados a partir de fichas de avaliação padronizadas do setor de fisioterapia. Foram coletados o sexo e idade dos pacientes, além de variáveis clínicas e motora-funcionais. Estatísticas descritivas para ca­racterização da amostra foram realizadas. Resultados. De um total de 349 idosos que passaram pela unidade entre maio de 2012 a agosto de 2013, 52% eram homens, a média de idade foi de 73±8,1 anos, sendo que 85% sofreram AVC isquêmico. Os pacientes receberam uma média de 8±9,6 sessões de fisioterapia e foi observado aumento percentual nas variáveis motora- funcionais: controle de tronco sem apoio, equilíbrio estático bom e deambulação sem apoio no momen­to da avaliação fisioterápica final em comparação à avaliação inicial (aumentos em 13%, 12% e 13%, respectivamente). Conclusões. A identificação clínica e motora-funcional de indivíduos idosos em uma unidade de AVC pode possibilitar o planejamento e implantação de estratégias de reabilitação eficazes tanto na internação quanto após a alta hospitalar.
Perfil de pacientes internados por Acidente Vascular Cerebral em hospital do Vale do Taquari/RS
Authors: Sá Barbara Passos de , Grave Magali TQ , Périco Eduardo
Published: February 2020

Objetivo. O objetivo do estudo foi caracterizar o perfil de pacientes com Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) internados via Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) em hospital de médio porte do Vale do Taquari/RS entre 2010 a 2013. Método. Pesquisa causal, quantitativa, descritiva, transversal de censo, realizada através da coleta de dados dos prontuá­rios de internações por AVC, considerando-se o tipo, principais doen­ças associadas, faixa etária acometida, manifestações clínicas e tempo de internação. Para análise estatística foi utilizada a correlação de Spe­arman e o teste de Qui-Quadrado. Resultados. Foram identificados 125 pacientes com diagnóstico de AVC, dos quais 6,4% com Ataque Isquêmico Transitório, 78,4% com AVC Isquêmico e 15,2% com AVC Hemorrágico, sendo 50,4% do sexo feminino e 49,6% do sexo masculino. Entre as principais doenças associadas destacam-se Hiper­tensão Arterial Sistêmica, Diabetes Mellitus e Insuficiência Cardíaca Congestiva. Conclusões. Observou-se maior incidência do AVC is­quêmico, sendo a principal sequela motora a hemiplegia esquerda, não havendo diferenciação de sexo dos pacientes acometidos.
Escolaridade, idade e perdas cognitivas de idosas residentes em instituições de longa permanência
Authors: Domiciano Bruno Ricarth , Braga Darling Kescia Araújo Peixoto , Silva Paula Negrão da , Vasconcelos Thiago Brasileiro de , Macena Raimunda Hermelinda Maia
Published: February 2020

Objetivo. Analisar a relação entre idade, escolaridade e potenciais perdas cognitivas em idosas residentes em instituições de longa per­manência para idosos (ILPIs). Método. Estudo transversal, descritivo e quantitativo realizado com 24 idosas residentes em duas ILPIs na cidade de Fortaleza/CE, utilizando o Mini-Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM). Amostra foi dividida em três faixas etárias (65-69, 70-79 e 80-90 anos) e três níveis educacionais (analfabetas, baixo nível escolar e médio/alto nível escolar). Resultados. A pontuação média geral no MEEM das idosas foi de 19,2±6,8 escores [mín=8 e máx=30]. Con­siderando apenas a idade, a menor média no MEEM foi do grupo de 80-90 anos (16,9±6,9) e a maior no grupo de 70-79 anos (21,7±6,9). O grupo de idosas analfabetas (14±6,3) apresentou a menor média e as idosas com nível escolar médio/alto (23,6±6,7) apresentaram as maiores médias de escores. Na análise combinada das variáveis, cons­tatou-se menor pontuação média no grupo de idosas analfabetas com idade entre 80-90 anos (13,5±6,2) e maior média nas idosas com es­colaridade média/alta e idade de 70-79 anos (26,5±4,9). Conclusão. Escolaridade e idade influenciam no desempenho do MEEM.
Equoterapia como recurso terapêutico na mielomeningocele:
Authors: Gomes Tatiane Targino , Hassunuma Renato Massaharu , Silva Luciana Marçal da
Published: February 2020

Objetivo. Avaliar o ganho de força muscular e medida de indepen­dência funcional de uma praticante do sexo feminino com mielo­meningocele e hidrocefalia realizando equoterapia. Método. Sessões semanais de 30 minutos de equoterapia, totalizando 31 sessões; na primeira avaliação foi aplicado o Teste de Sensibilidade; o Tes­te de Força Muscular e o Formulário de Medida de Independência Funcional foram aplicados no início e aos 3, 6 e 10 meses de tra­tamento. Resultados. O teste de sensibilidade classificou o nível da lesão em T10, considerada uma lesão completa, não havendo função motora ou sensitiva nos segmentos sacros. O teste de força muscu­lar mostrou ganhos de força em alguns músculos, o que possibilitou uma melhora no estado de independência funcional da praticante. Conclusão. Baseado na constatação de melhora na condição mus­cular e funcional da praticante estudada sugere-se a realização de futuras pesquisas que contribuam para estabelecer definitivamen­te a equoterapia como método terapêutico na mielomeningocele.
Treino Muscular Respiratório Associado à Eletroestimulação Diafragmática em Hemiparéticos
Authors: Queiroz Antonio Gabriel Chagas , Silva Daiane Dias da , Lira Rosemary Amorim Correa , Bassini Sílvia Ramos Fróes , Uematsu Edna de Souza Cruz
Published: February 2020

Objetivo. Verificar a efetividade um programa de fortalecimento muscular respiratório associado com eletroestimulação diafragmática transcutânea (EDET) na força respiratória de hemiparéticos. Méto­do. Ensaio clínico randomizado com duração de um mês, no qual participaram 12 indivíduos com hemiparesia decorrente de acidente vascular cerebral. Estes foram divididos em: Grupo A, realizavam um programa de fisioterapia convencional desenvolvido em grupo com duas sessões semanais de 50 minutos cada; Grupo B, realizavam um programa de fortalecimento muscular respiratório com frequência de 3 sessões semanais de 30 minutos cada; e Grupo C, realizavam o mes­mo programa do Grupo B associado à aplicação de EDET por 10 minutos. Os participantes foram avaliados antes e após o programa de tratamento pela manovacuometria e pela diferença das medidas torácicas e abdominais. Resultados. Houve aumento estatisticamente significante da força inspiratória nos indivíduos do grupo B (p=0,02) e grupo C (p=0,01). Conclusão. Tanto o treino muscular respiratório isolado quanto o mesmo associado com a aplicação de EDET repercu­tiu em melhora significativa da força inspiratória dos indivíduos deste estudo. O uso do threshold IMT parece ser fundamental para o suces­so do programa de fortalecimento muscular respiratório.
Máscara de CPAP Neuro-Sono (Neuro-Sono Mask™):
Authors: Toscano Leandro Gottardo , Dias Carolina W. , Balsalobre Rafael de Andrade , Machado Marco Antonio Cardoso , Carvalho Luciane Bizari Coin de , Silva Júlio Marcionílio da , Brandão Beatriz Helena Bueno , Camargo Eleida Pereira , Prado Gilmar Fernandes do , Lima Daniel , Prado Lucila Bizari Fernandes do
Published: February 2020

Contexto. Os aparelhos de pressão aérea positiva (APAPs) vêm sendo utilizados como Padrão Ouro no tratamento da Síndrome da Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono (SAOS). No entanto, estudos demonstram uma baixa aderência dos pacientes a esse tipo de tratamento. Objetivo. O presente estudo dedicou-se ao desenvolvimento de um projeto de máscara de APAPs, que agregasse conforto ao paciente e baixos cus­tos de fabricação. Método. O desenvolvimento do projeto baseou-se em dados relevantes sobre diferentes quesitos relacionados às máscaras de APAP. Foram pesquisados fatores como o tipo de máscara pre­ferida pelos usuários, medidas antropométricas faciais da população, materiais e processos de fabricação que pudessem ser empregados na confecção da máscara. Resultados. Desenvolveu-se um projeto de máscara do tipo nasal, com desenho anatômico, propondo-se como materiais de confecção do corpo da máscara, presilhas e testeira o Po­lietileno Tereftalado modificado com Glicol e para confecção da bolsa o silicone líquido e poliestileno. O processo de fabricação sugerido foi a moldagem à vácuo. Conclusão. O projeto desenvolvido no estudo, propõe uma máscara de APAPs que visa ergonomia e principalmente baixo custo de produção.