bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ashwat's Teaching Strategies and Their Implications In The Learning of Maharah Istima'
Authors: Imawan Yuli , Rahmatan Madah , Hania Irfan , Alimudin Alimudin
Published: February 2023

One component of the language that Arabic learners first face is ashwat or sound. with sound teaching strategies that the teacher does correctly and precisely, will help students overcome difficulties in learning ashwat arabiyah. mastery of language sounds becomes important, because sounds are the basic thing for mastering listening skills. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to describe the strategies and steps of teaching ashwat arabiyah and their influence on the mastery of maharah istima'. Using a descriptive-qualitative design, this study reveals three basic steps in ashwat teaching, namely: presentation of pronunciation models, giving exercises/drills, and practicing language use. as for The teaching of language sounds is the most basic activity to develop listening skills. there are five phases of listening learning, including; Phase recognition, initial comprehension, mid-comprehension, advanced comprehension and Assessment/taqwim. there are 13 steps of listening learning related to ashwat teaching, including hearing and saying, listening-writing (dictation), listening-doing, hearing-guessing, expanding sentences, finding objects, whispering chains, completing stories, identifying keywords, identifying topic sentences, abbreviating/summarizing, paraphrases, and answering questions.
Relationship of External Factors Caused Student’s Learning Difficulties and Biology Learning Outcomes in Class XI IPA MAN 3 Padang City
Authors: Rusli Adithia , Gusmaweti Gusmaweti , Hendri Wince , Sari Rona Taula
Published: February 2023

This study aims to determine the external factors that cause student learning difficulties and their influence on the biology learning outcomes of class XI IPA MAN 3 Padang City students. In general, students have learning difficulties due to several factors. One of the influencing factors is external factors, where external factors consist of family, school and community factors. These factors are very influential on student learning outcomes. This type of research is descriptive with quantitative research methods. The research was conducted at MAN 3 Padang City. The sample is all students of class XI IPA as many as 33 students. The sampling technique is a random sampling technique. Collecting data using research instruments in the form of a valid questionnaire of 3.38. The results showed that the external factors of students' learning difficulties, family factors, were 2.42, schools were 2.39 and community factors were 1.8. The highest external factor of learning difficulties is the family factor. There is a significant relationship external factors of learning difficulties to learning outcomes on the 0.05 t test. It can be concluded that t table (3,638>2,040), where Hi is accepted, Ho is rejected, meaning that there is a significant relationship between external factors causing learning difficulties and students' biology learning outcomes. So it is expected for teachers and parents to be able to recognize the learning difficulties that students have, so that learning can run smoothly.
Analysis of the TGT Cooperative Learning Model in Physics Learning: In Terms of The Implementation of Procedures and Principles
Authors: Adha Alfajri , Rera Affan , Farisi Salman Al
Published: February 2023

This study aims to analyze the implementation of procedures and principles in the TGT type cooperative learning model used by MAN 1 Jambi City teachers in learning Physics. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research. The subject of this research is the Physics teacher of MAN 1 Jambi City. The method used in collecting data is interview. The results showed that the implementation of the procedure was according to the syntax of the TGT type cooperative model in the Good category with an average value of 3 . The principles that the teacher most often uses in the TGT type cooperative learning model are group discussions in the Fairly Good category with a percentage score of 38.4%.
Visual Support Based on Indonesian Local Wisdom for Personal Hygiene Learning of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Ardianingsih Febrita , Ashar Muhammad Nurul , Budiyanto Budiyanto
Published: February 2023

The degree of severity of autism can cause deficits in the development of activities of daily living, one of which is personal hygiene skills (bathing, toileting, washing hands, brushing teeth). The development of personal hygiene skills is important for children with autism spectrum disorders for health promotion and ensuring opportunities for increased socialization and participation in various environments. Strategies that incorporate visual support are considered evidence-based practices that capitalize on the strengths of children with ASD. Sources of images for creating visual support are actually quite a lot available on the internet, but they are still rarely suitable for Indonesian culture. This study aims to (1) develop visual support products based on local wisdom as a personal hygiene learning strategy for children on the autistic spectrum, and (2) determine the feasibility of visual support products based on local wisdom in learning personal hygiene for children with autism spectrum disorders. This study adapted the ADDIE approach to only 3 stages: Analyze, Design, and Develop. The findings of this study are: (1) this development resulted in an electronic catalog book and visual supports on personal hygiene based on Indonesian local wisdom, and (2) the electronic catalog book and visual supports based on Indonesian local wisdom in learning personal hygiene for children with autism spectrum disorders are very feasible based on expert validation.
Effect of Corn Oil Methyl Ester and Exhaust Gas Recirculation on Per-formance and Emission Characteristics of Diesel Engine
Authors: Varudharajan Gopinath , R Periyasamy
Published: February 2023

The current research work on the effect of exhaust gas recirculation on the diesel engine for the analysis of performance and emission characteristics with corn oil methyl ester blends. The engine was tested with three fuels are 100diesel, 20B (20%COME + 80% Diesel) and 40B (40%COME + 60% Diesel) with EGR condition of 0% and 20% rate. The engine was evaluated with performance characteristics such as thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption, exhaust gas temperature and emissions such as carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon and oxides of nitrogen. The analysed results of the brake thermal efficiency was reduced with increased brake specific consumption and the exhaust emissions are decreased with increase of biodiesel blend and increased EGR rate.
Multiscale analysis and numerical simulation of hydrodynamic inclined fixed pad thrust bearing with ultra low surface separation
Authors: Zhu Weiwei , Huang Chen , Wang Chao , Zhang Yongbin
Published: February 2023

In the hydrodynamic inclined fixed pad thrust bearing, when the surface separation is ultra low, there will be the special hydrodynamic mode where in the inlet zone occur both the adsorbed boundary layer flows and the intermediate continuum fluid flow i.e. the multiscale flow and in the outlet zone only occurs the physical adsorbed boundary layer flow. This new mode of hydrodynamic bearing has not been addressed before. Here, we present the corresponding multiscale hydrodynamic analysis for this bearing. The inlet zone flow is described by the closed-form explicit multiscale flow equations. The outlet zone flow is described by the nanoscale flow equation. First, the analytical derivations for the pressure distribution and carried load of the bearing were feasibly made by making a reasonable assumption. Then, full numerical solutions to the bearing were obtained to verify the analytical solution. It was found that there are significant differences between the analytically calculated pressure distribution and the numerically solved pressure distribution for the same operating condition; however for the studied different fluid-bearing surface interactions, when the surface separation is relatively large, the analytically derived load equation can be used to calculate the carried load of the bearing. Numerical solutions clearly show that stronger the fluid-bearing surface interaction, higher the generated hydrodynamic pressure in the bearing, and larger the carried load of the bearing. The study not only provides the mathematical tools for studying the bearing but also gives the indication of the strong adsorbed boundary layer effect in this bearing.
Obtaining The Fracture Resistance Curve Using The General Displacement
Authors: Saracoglu Goksel
Published: February 2023

In this paper, the energy release energy corresponding to the unit crack propagation obtained from the displacement controlled load-displacement plot is equalized to the elastic energy release rate, and the variation of stiffness based on the crack length is obtained. For this purpose, instead of measuring the amount of crack mouth opening in the single edge-cracked tensile specimen, the extensiometer elongation amount was taken in the middle part of the specimen. Thanks to the equality of the stiffness to the crack length, the transformation of the load-displacement curve into the material resistance curve was realized.
Oilseed Brassica Responses and Tolerance to Salt Stress
Authors: Rakib Hossain Raihan Md. , Nahar Kamrun , Nowroz Farzana , Siddika Ayesha , Hasanuzzaman Mirza
Published: February 2023

Salinity interrupts osmoregulation, hinders water uptake, reduces water content, causes ionic toxicity, reduces chlorophyll content, alters stomatal conductance/movement, decreases enzymatic activity, alters transpiration and photosynthesis, disrupts the antioxidant defense system, and results in the oxidative burst. In turn, seed and oil yield is greatly declined. To overcome salinity-induced osmotic and ionic stress, plants evolve avoidance or tolerance mechanisms in order to protect the cellular components from sustaining growth and development. Ion homeostasis, vacuolar compartmentalization, accumulation of secondary metabolites, hormonal regulation, osmolytes production and by activating defensive responses, plants endure the salinity-induced damages, and enhance the stress tolerance. However, these salt-tolerant traits are greatly varied with species and genotypes as well as the extent of salt stress. Therefore, precise studies in understanding the physiology and molecular biology of stress are important to understand Brassica oilseed crops’ responses and tolerance to salt stress. In this chapter, we summarize the recent findings on the Brassica plants’ response to salt stress and later discuss the possible ways to enhance salt stress tolerance.
Neurodegeneracy
Authors: Tazeen Safiya , Ibrahim Mohammed
Published: February 2023

Despite its vulnerability to neurodegenerative diseases, the neuromuscular junction has developed powerful ways to withstand injury and regenerate. Individuals with neurodegenerative diseases have a shorter life expectancy. Most existing treatments for neurodegenerative diseases only address symptoms. In order to limit the harmful effects, it is important to develop successful therapies to setback the symptoms of these debilitating diseases. Though some neurodegenerative disorders are fatal, most lead to health complications that are associated with high mortality rates. Although this difference might be a matter of semantics, we consider it significant, not only for managing the patient but also for our understanding of the actual consequences of the neurodegenerative process.
Updates on Laryngo-Pharyngeal Reflux (LPR) and Its Management
Authors: Singh Gendeh Hardip , Singh Gendeh Balwant
Published: February 2023

Laryngo-pharyngeal reflux (LPR); esophageal reflux; pharyngolaryngeal reflux; or reflux laryngitis refers to the backflow of acid from the stomach to the upper aerodigestive tract of the larynx and pharynx. Repetitive reflux of these contents may lead to LPR. It has been estimated that half of the otolaryngology patients with laryngeal and voice disorders have LPR. The pattern of reflux is different in LPR and gastroesophageal reflux. LPR usually occurs during the daytime in the upright position, whereas gastroesophageal reflux disease more often occurs in the supine position at nighttime or during sleep. Laryngeal edema is an important indicator of LPR that is most often neglected. LPR was previously deemed a controversial topic in laryngology but is now clearer with a better understanding of the pathogenesis. Diagnosis is made based on symptoms, and laryngoscopy aided with investigations and confirmed the response to treatment.
Mechanical Ventilation in the Burn Patient
Authors: Manuel Araiza-Sanchez José , Yasfir González-Noris Pedro , José Espinoza-Espinosa Juan , Alfonso Rosas Marcos
Published: February 2023

Among the most difficult to treat are severely burned, patients. We examined the conditions of these patients individually and the organ involvement. It is impossible to manage them because they are dealing with multi-organ dysfunction, which affects all system homeostasis. This chapter focuses on the respiratory system, specifically the mechanical ventilation strategies to improve the outcome in the onset of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and inhalation injury in severely burned patients, beginning with initial airway management and progressing to new ventilation strategies and modes to assist health providers in choosing what is best for their patients.
Treatment Technologies and Guidelines Set for Water Reuse
Authors: Abou-Shady Ahmed , El-Araby Heba
Published: February 2023

Water reuse is considered a practice that is currently embraced worldwide owing to the exacerbated water crisis, which is the result of several factors such as the increasing world population, urbanization, industrial sector, global climate change, limited water resources, and agricultural activities. Water reuse is not used intensively only in arid and semi-arid regions, which are characterized by limited water supply but can also be applied in countries that possess sufficient water resources (e.g., Brazil and Canada are implementing policies for water reuse). This chapter discusses the treatment technologies proposed for water reuse and presents some recent guidelines set for water reuse. Treatment technologies typically have three main processes: primary, secondary, and tertiary. There are several set guidelines worldwide for water reuse, however, a universal standard guideline to facilitate the reuse of reclaimed water has not been established. No federal regulations for reusing recycled water have been established in the United States; however, several individual states and territories have established specific regulations to manage reclaimed water for various purposes, including agricultural irrigation, animal watering, and crop production.
Blood Transfusion and Associated Factors in Pregnant Women Admitted to a Tertiary Care Hospital in Southeast Iran
Authors: Arzani Abede , Tabatabaei Seyed Mehdi , Mohammadi Mahdi , Behmanesh Pour Fateme
Published: February 2023

Background: Effective blood transfusion is a life-saving practice in obstetrics and gynecology emergencies that can prevent blood product wastage in hospitals. Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate the appropriateness of the use of blood products in pregnant women in a tertiary care hospital in Zahedan, southeast Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out from September 2019 to March 2020 to assess the patterns of blood utilization in a tertiary care hospital in Zahedan, Iran. Blood bank registries and the data of 1,500 pregnant women were used for data analysis, using blood transfusion indices, including cross-matched to transfusion (C/T) ratio, transfusion probability (T), and transfusion index (TI). Results: Out of 1,064 units of requested blood products, 581 (54.6%) were cross-matched, and 774 (72.7%) were transfused to patients. The blood transfusion indices of C/T, T%, and TI were 2.11, 48.48%, and 0.76, respectively. The transfusion rate was 6.2%, and the commonest associated obstetrics complication requiring transfusion was uterine atony (32.2%), followed by anemia (17.2%). There was a statistically significant relationship between the type of delivery, uterine and placental problems, coagulation disorders during pregnancy, number of deliveries, and residence place, and the probability of blood transfusion (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The overall blood utilization indices were encouraging; however, the proportion of blood wastage was relatively high. Regular auditing is needed to optimize the use of blood and blood products in obstetrics and gynecology departments.
Una investigación para abordar y entender nuestro patrimonio desde la perspectiva de la diversidad
Authors: Marín Cepeda Sofía
Published: February 2023

En torno a un 15% de la población según la Organización Mundial de la Salud, presenta algún tipo de capacidad diferente. Nuestra realidad so¬cial es compleja y la concienciación social está teniendo un gran impacto en la educación, donde la diferencia y la diversidad de capacidades pro¬vocan una necesidad de cambio en los métodos educativos. La preocupación y búsqueda de un espacio so¬cial y un enfoque educativo global para todos se extiende, más allá del ámbito formal, a las expe¬riencias de educación en espacios de patrimonio. Esto supone una diversificación en los plantea¬mientos educativos para atender a las diferencias individuales. Nos encontramos, por tanto, en un momento clave y propicio para poner en marcha metodologías que guíen la educación patrimonial hacia la inclusión y la educación personalizada, haciendo uso de nuestro rico patrimonio cultural. Nuestra investigación, tesis doctoral actualmente en desarrollo en el campo de la educación pa¬trimonial desde la Universidad de Valladolid, se caracteriza por abordar el patrimonio compren¬diendo al sujeto que aprende desde la dimensión psicológica, para diseñar un modelo educativo propio, con el objetivo de generar igualdad en la posibilidad de enlazar y vincular el patrimonio y las personas.
Descubrir el pasado para construir el presente: «La Excavación» como manifestación de identidades
Authors: Suárez Quijada Beatriz
Published: February 2023

Esta experiencia propone mostrar el acto educativo como un intercambio de individualidades (entendido como transferencia al otro y el compartir a través del vínculo personal) en el que cada persona implicada: niños, niñas, adultos referentes y otros significativos, definan o dibujen un paisaje donde todos los aspectos inherentes a la personalidad propia, generen experiencias que den lugar al desarrollo de aprendizajes significativos. Todo ello consolida la trama que define y aborda las verdaderas prioridades educativas a partir de intereses e imaginarios que se vinculan, construyendo pues, un modelo de referencia en interacción con los otros, dando lugar a experiencias innovadoras. La propuesta es llevar la vida real al aula a partir de la significación de espacios y tiempos para la acción experiencial, así como desde la transformación en diferentes contextos de aprendizaje. Surge así un macroespacio de experiencias que toma la forma de una Excavación Arqueológica, en la que a partir de un método usado comúnmente en Arqueología, los niños y niñas descubren sus propias vidas para poder compartirlas a través de diversos códigos y lenguajes: orales, escritos, visuales, artísticos y sobre todo desde la propia identidad, que se define a través de actitudes y acciones compartidas.
La realidad de los videojuegos ¿una nueva dimensión social?
Authors: Fandos Igado Manuel , Pérez Rodríguez María Amor , Aguaded Gómez José Ignacio
Published: February 2023

En este artículo los autores abordan el tema de la ficción interactiva o de las aventuras conversacionales desde una reflexión que parte de los clásicos y nos asoma a la posibilidad de que las «realidades» que nos presentan los ciberjuegos pueden llegar a constituir una «realidad» en sí misma, de tal manera que el jugador-usuario está presente en una «doble vida», y como con las sombras del mito de la caverna de Platón, sea difícil determinar cuál de las dos vivencias son la auténtica realidad que el sujeto vive. Por otro lado, los autores, llaman la atención y hacen algunas observaciones al respecto del interés educativo de este tipo de aventuras conversacionales, y se atreven a sugerir algunas consideraciones al respecto, así como potenciales líneas de interés también para la industria de los medios.
UPAYA PENANGKAPAN PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI YANG KABUR KE LUAR NEGERI
Authors: Muhammad Daffa Izzulhaq
Published: February 2023

This research was conducted with the aim of unraveling the efforts that can be made in arresting corruption criminals who fled abroad. Using normative juridical research methods, the author will present a legal study based on positive law in force in Indonesia, which will then be further elaborated in this study. Corruption Crime is a special criminal act which has different arrangements compared to general criminal acts, it is contained in UU No. 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Corruption Crimes as amended by UU No. 20 of 2001 concerning Amendments to UU No. 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Corruption Crimes. In efforts to arrest perpetrators of corruption crimes who flee abroad, it can be done with applicable procedures, namely; extradition treaty contained in Law No. 1 of 1979 on Extradition, and also through the Mutual Legal Assistance agreement contained in Law No. 1 of 2006 on Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters, UU No. 15 of 2008 on Ratification of the Treaty on Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters, dan ASEAN Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters 2004. In the context of corruption crimes, this Extradition Treaty is used as an effort and procedure for arresting perpetrators of corruption crimes who commit corruption crimes outside the territory of the state jurisdiction, And it is also used as an effort to arrest perpetrators of corruption who flee outside the jurisdiction of a country, so that this extradition treaty is an alternative that can be taken by law enforcement officials to arrest perpetrators of corruption crimes. In the context of corruption, Mutual Legal Assistance is an arrangement for cooperation between countries (bilateral and multilateral) in preventing and eradicating transnational crimes, especially corruption crimes.
УЛЬТРАДЫБЫСТЫҚ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ЖӘНЕ ОЛАРДЫ ТЕМІРЖОЛ ҚҰРЫЛҒЫСЫНДА ҚОЛДАНУ
Authors: ОРЫНБЕКОВ М.О. , СУЛТАНГАЗЫ А.С. , ЖУМАДИЛ Ж.К.
Published: February 2023

Основным вопросом на железной дороге является обеспечение безопасности тягово-подвижного состава, что обеспечивается повышением качества ремонта, которое не в последнюю очередь, зависит от качества очистки различных деталей и механизмов. В представленной работе предлагается установка для ультразвуковой очистки деталей и расчет параметров.

Теміржолдағы негізгі мәселе-тарту және жылжымалы құрамның қауіпсіздігін қамтамасыз ету, бұл жөндеу сапасын жақсартумен қамтамасыз етіледі, бұл әр түрлі бөлшектер мен механизмдерді тазарту сапасына байланысты. Ұсынылған жұмыста бөлшектерді ультрадыбыстық тазарту және параметрлерді есептеу үшін орнату ұсынылады.

The main issue on the railway is ensuring the safety of traction and rolling stock, which is ensured by improving the quality of repairs, which, not least, depends on the quality of cleaning of various parts and mechanisms. In the presented work, an installation for ultrasonic cleaning of parts and calculation of parameters is proposed.
ИЕРАРХИЯЛЫҚ ЖҮЙЕЛЕРДЕГІ БӨЛІНГЕН ТЕПЕ-ТЕҢДІКТІ БАСҚАРУ ҮЛГІЛЕРІ
Authors: УМБЕТОВ У. , ШИНЫКУЛОВА А.Б.
Published: February 2023

Рассматривается класс задач оптимального управления, характерных для крупномасштабных производственных процессов, в частности химических производств. Они представляют практический интерес для создания автоматизированных систем управления (АСУ) в химической и смежных отраслях промышленности. Предлагаемый декомпозиционный подход к их решению предполагает создание распределенных систем управления с многоуровневой иерархической структурой. Данный подход послужил основой для разработки теории санкционирования иерархических систем управления. В сущности, любая задача планирования может быть интерпретирована или как задача распределения совокупного производства между отдельными производителями, или как распределение производственных ресурсов среди потребителей. При этом задачи распределения ресурсов возникают на различных уровнях иерархии в системах управления и отличаются лишь размерностью и числом подсистем – потребителей.

Ауқымды өндірістік процестерге, атап айтқанда, химиялық өндіріске тән оңтайлы басқару есептерінің класы қарастырылады. Олар химия және онымен байланысты салаларда автоматтандырылған басқару жүйелерін (АБЖ) құру үшін практикалық қызығушылық тудырады. Оларды шешуге ұсынылған декомпозициялық тәсіл көп деңгейлі иерархиялық құрылымы бар бөлінген басқару жүйелерін құруды қамтиды. Бұл тәсіл басқарудың иерархиялық жүйелерін авторизациялау теориясының дамуына негіз болды. Негізінде кез келген жоспарлау мәселесін не жалпы өнімді жеке өндірушілер арасында бөлу мәселесі ретінде, не өндірістік ресурстарды тұтынушылар арасында бөлу ретінде түсіндіруге болады. Бұл жағдайда ресурстарды бөлу мәселелері басқару жүйелеріндегі иерархияның әртүрлі деңгейлерінде туындайды және ішкі жүйелердің – тұтынушылардың өлшемі мен саны бойынша ғана ерекшеленеді.

A class of optimal control problems typical for large-scale production processes, in particular, chemical production, is considered. They are of practical interest for the creation of automated control systems (ACS) in the chemical and related industries. The proposed decomposition approach to their solution involves the creation of distributed control systems with a multilevel hierarchical structure. This approach served as the basis for the development of the theory of authorization of hierarchical control systems. In essence, any planning problem can be interpreted either as the problem of distributing total production among individual producers, or as distributing production resources among consumers. In this case, the problems of resource allocation arise at various levels of the hierarchy in control systems and differ only in the dimension and the number of subsystems - consumers.
ПОЕЗДАР ҚОЗҒАЛЫСЫН АРАЛЫҚ РЕТТЕУ ЖҮЙЕСІ (СИРДП-Е)
Authors: СУЛТАНГАЗИНОВ С.К. , ЕСЕНАЛИЕВА Д.А. , БЕЙСЕНБЕКОВ А.Б. , ОМИРГАЗИНОВ А.А.
Published: February 2023

Система интервального регулирования движения поездов с применением цифрового радиоканала стандарта ТЕТRА (СИРДП-Е) производство компании Bombardier (Швеция) обладает функциональными возможностями ETCS уровня 3 и полностью адаптирована к эксплуатационным требованиям «пространства 1520». Эта система направлена на улучшение эффективности работы железнодорожного транспорта за счет повышения пропускной способности линий, сокращения эксплуатационных расходов и энергопотребления, при обеспечении требований уровня безопасности движения поездов.

Bombardier (Швеция) компаниясының өндірісі 3-деңгейдегі ETCS функционалдық мүмкіндіктеріне ие және «1520 кеңістігі» пайдалану талаптарына толық бейімделген. Бұл жүйе поездар қозғалысы қауіпсіздігі деңгейінің талаптарын қамтамасыз ете отырып, желілердің өткізу қабілетін арттыру, пайдалану шығыстары мен энергия тұтынуды қысқарту есебінен теміржол көлігі жұмысының тиімділігін жақсартуға бағытталған.

The system of interval control of train traffic using a digital radio channel of the TETRA standard (SIRDP-E) manufactured by Bombardier (Sweden) has the functionality of ETCS level 3 and is fully adapted to the operational requirements of the "space 1520". This system is aimed at improving the efficiency of railway transport by increasing the capacity of lines, reducing operating costs and energy consumption, while meeting the requirements of the level of train safety.
МНОГОМЕРНЫЕ ДАННЫЕ И ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ OLAP КУБОВ
Authors: КАМАЛОВА Г.А. , ГУМАРОВА А.А. , ТҮТКІШБАЕВА М.Н.
Published: February 2023

Бұл мақалада зерттеу аймағы ретінде көп өлшемді деректер базасының құрылымы, қалыптастыру кезеңдері және реляциялық деректерді OLAP жүйесі арқылы көп өлшемді мәліметтерге түрлендіру мәселелері қарастырылды. Мақсаты жаңа деректер текшелерін құру кезінде пайдаланушылардың жұмысын автоматтандыру үшін жоғары деңгейін қамтамасыз ету. Сонымен қатар талдаудың интелектуалды әдістері саласындағы теориялық базаны зерттеп және шешім қабылдауды қолдаудың ақпараттық технологияларымен байланысты бағдарламалар мен жобаларды іске асыруға тікелей қатысуға мүмкіндік беретін түрлі практикалық әдістер меңгерілді. Жүргізілген зерттеулер барысында мынадай міндеттер шешілді: талдау кезінде деректерді сақтау технологиясын зерттеу, деректер базасы ретінде дерек қорынан алынатын реляциялық модельдер, Analysis Manager талдау менеджерінің аналитикалық мүмкіндіктерін игеру, есеп берудің мамандандырылған құралдары. Нәтижесінде көп өлшемді деректерді қалыптастыру және OLAP текшелерімен жұмыс атқару технологиясы ұсынылды.

В этой статье были рассмотрены структура многомерной базы данных, этапы формирования и проблемы преобразования реляционных данных в многомерные данные с помощью системы OLAP в качестве области исследования. Цель состоит в том, чтобы обеспечить высокий уровень автоматизации работы пользователей при создании новых кубов данных. Также изучены теоретические основы в области интеллектуальных методов анализа и освоены различные практические методы, позволяющие непосредственно участвовать в реализации программ и проектов, связанных с информационными технологиями поддержки принятия решений. В ходе проведенных исследований были решены следующие задачи: изучение технологии хранения данных при анализе, реляционные модели, получаемые из базы данных в качестве базы данных, освоение аналитических возможностей аналитического менеджера Analysis Manager, специализированные средства отчетности. В результате была предложена технология формирования многомерных данных и работы с OLAP-кубами.

In this article, the structure of a multidimensional database, the stages of formation and the problems of converting relational data into multidimensional data using the OLAP system were considered as an area of research. The goal is to provide a high level of user automation when creating new data cubes. We also studied the theoretical foundations in the field of intelligent analysis methods and mastered various practical methods that allow us to directly participate in the implementation of programs and projects related to information technologies for decision support. In the course of the conducted research, the following tasks were solved: the study of data storage technology in analysis, relational models obtained from the database as a database, the development of analytical capabilities of the analytical manager Analysis Manager, specialized reporting tools. As a result, a technology for generating multidimensional data and working with OLAP cubes was proposed.
ЕКІНШІ ДЕҢГЕЙДЕГІ БАНКТІ ТІРКЕУ ТӘРТІБІ ЖӘНЕ БАНКТІҢ МЕНШІКТІ КАПИТАЛЫН ҚАЛЫПТАСТЫРУ АСПЕКТІЛЕРІ
Authors: БАЙМУХАНБЕТОВ А.Б.
Published: February 2023

В работе рассматриваются понятия собственного капитала, процесса формирования и использования, структура, оценка достаточности банковского капитала, а также анализ собственных средств коммерческого банка, т.е. анализ фондов и прибыли банка, даны некоторые коэффициенты, с помощью которых проводится данный анализ. Собственный капитал банка выступает важнейшим источником финансирования его деятельности на начальных этапах развития и средством гарантии финансовой устойчивости при наступлении кризисных ситуаций, что обуславливает необходимость его тщательного изучения. Значение и роль банковского капитала отражены в его функциях, к классификации которых не выработан единый подход в банковской теории. В статье рассмотрены виды собственного капитала банков: уставный, балансовый, регулятивный, экономический (рыночный).

Жұмыста меншікті капитал ұғымдары, қалыптастыру және пайдалану процесі, құрылымы, банк капиталының жеткіліктілігін бағалау, сондай-ақ коммерциялық банктің меншікті қаражатын талдау, яғни банктің қорлары мен пайдасын талдау қарастырылады, осы талдау жүргізілетін кейбір коэффициенттер беріледі. Банктің меншікті капиталы дамудың бастапқы кезеңдерінде оның қызметін қаржыландырудың маңызды көзі және дағдарыстық жағдайлар туындаған кезде қаржылық тұрақтылыққа кепілдік беру құралы болып табылады, бұл оны мұқият зерттеуді қажет етеді. Банк капиталының мәні мен рөлі оның функцияларында көрінеді, оларды жіктеуге банк теориясында бірыңғай тәсіл әзірленбеген. Мақалада банктердің меншікті капиталының түрлері қарастырылған: жарғылық, баланстық, реттеуші, экономикалық (нарықтық).

The paper discusses the concepts of equity, the process of formation and use, structure, assessment of bank capital adequacy, as well as the analysis of own funds of a commercial bank, i.e. the analysis of funds and profits of the bank, some coefficients are given by which this analysis is carried out. The bank's own capital is the most important source of financing for its activities at the initial stages of development and a means of guaranteeing financial stability in the event of crisis situations, which necessitates its careful study. The importance and role of bank capital are reflected in its functions, the classification of which has not developed a unified approach in banking theory. The article considers the types of equity capital of banks: authorized, balance sheet, regulatory, economic (market).
ПОДДЕРЖКА МАЛОГО ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВА В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ КАЗАХСТАН СО СТОРОНЫ ГОСУДАРСТВА
Authors: ИСКАКОВА П.А.
Published: February 2023

Қазақстанда шағын кәсіпкерлікті қолдау жүйесі қалыптасты және әлде де қызмет етуде. Дегенмен Қазақстанда шағын кәсіпкерлік қызметін қолдау бойынша қызмет ету саласы біркелкі дамып жатқан жоқ. Әлемдік тәжірибе көрсететіндей, оның табысты дамуы мемлекеттік қолдауға, осы қызметтерді қажет ететін кәсіпкерлерге, жеке кәсіпкерлікті дамытуды көздеген тұлғалар тең дәрежеде тәуелді. Шағын бизнес iрi бизнеске қарағанда нарыққа тез бейiмдi, өзгермелi жағдайларға байланысты икемдi, жаңадан жұмыс істеп тұрған өндiрiс секторларында жұмыс iстеуге қабілеттi.

В Казахстане сложилась и функционирует система поддержки малого предпринимательства. Тем не менее сфера деятельности по поддержке малого предпринимательства в Казахстане развивается неравномерно. Как показывает мировой опыт, его успешное развитие в равной степени зависит от государственной поддержки, предпринимателей, нуждающихся в этих услугах, лиц, нацеленных на развитие частного предпринимательства. Малый бизнес быстрее адаптируется к рынку, чем крупный, гибок в связи с меняющимися условиями, способен работать в новых действующих секторах производства.

A system of support for small businesses has been formed and is still functioning in Kazakhstan. However, the sphere of support for small businesses in Kazakhstan is not developing evenly. As world experience shows, its successful development depends equally on state support, entrepreneurs in need of these services, and individuals who intend to develop private entrepreneurship. Small businesses are more market-oriented than large businesses, more flexible due to changing conditions, and more capable of operating in newly established manufacturing sectors.
Training and Assistance for Increasing Accounting Skills at MSMEs “Sala Lauak Kito”
Authors: Herman Lisa Amelia , Sudiman Josephine , Djefris Dedy
Published: February 2023

The existence of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia is quite dominating and is the backbone that supports economic growth and provides jobs. Its existence needs to be appreciated and developed by providing access to financing, guidance and assistance so that it can develop its business. Training and mentoring activities are carried out in order to improve accounting skills for one of the micro businesses in Padang City "UD. Sala Lauak Kito. There is a need for partners to gain knowledge and understanding of accounting books and the ability to make financial reports. Until now, partners have not carried out the bookkeeping process so that cost and income information is not generated accurately. Implementation of activities consists of three stages: planning, implementation and final stage. Overall, all stages were carried out for 2 months. From planning to final stage. The training was carried out for 1 day and mentoring was carried out 1 month after the training. The method of implementation is in the form of material explanation presentations, exercises, discussions, question and answer discussions and independent learning through modules. The training material provided is in the form of knowledge related to the accounting cycle from recording to financial reporting. After the implementation of the activities there is an increase in accounting knowledge, the creation of complete and valid financial information, the existence of documented bookkeeping, the preparation of financial reports as information from the business. The output of this activity is the publication of print/digital newspapers and activity videos via YouTube media.
Atypical autism: Cure of the major autistic features and the need for cognitive improvement and rehabilitation
Authors: Jalal Al-Mosawi Aamir
Published: February 2023

Background: We have previously reported our extensive experiences with autism disorders and their treatments, and we showed the possibility of curing the major autistic features with a new therapeutic approach which included individualized courses of intramuscular cerebrolysin as the main therapy for the main autistic features. Our previously published experiences included demonstrating the cure of autism in two brothers with autosomal recessive disorder. We emphasized that cure of autism in older children has never been expected to totally normalize them, as the patients have already lost several years of learning, social adaptation, and maturation of personality and behavior. In addition, patients with atypical autism associated with some degree of mental retardation need further interventions to improve their cognitive abilities. Patients and methods: Our previously published experiences included demonstrating the cure of autism in two brothers with autosomal recessive disorder. We emphasized that cure of autism in older children has never been expected to totally normalize them, as the patients have already lost several years of learning, social adaptation, and maturation of personality and behavior. In addition, patients with atypical autism associated with some degree of mental retardation need further interventions to improve their cognitive abilities. This paper reports further treatments received the older of two brothers with autosomal recessive autism who were reported to achieve cure of the major autistic features. Results: After eighth months of treatment, the boy experienced significant improvements in cognitive functions, as he was understanding and responding to simple commands well. Conclusion: Cure of autism has been achieved in two boys with autosomal recessive disorder. However, cure of autism in older children has never been expected to totally normalizes them, as the patients have already lost several years of learning, social adaptation, and maturation of personality and behavior.
Diseño y rehabilitación de edificios
Authors: Fajardo Virginia
Published: February 2023

El presente proyecto nace del interés por el diseño de interior en la recuperación de edificios históricos que se encuentran en desuso y generalmente en condiciones de precariedad, y desarrolla la propuesta de acondicionamiento del Edificio de la Compañía Granadina de Industria y Comercio. El edificio, diseñado por Fernando Wilhelmi Manzano en 1934, es considerado como referente de la arquitectura del Movimiento Moderno en la ciudad de Granada y se encuentra catalogado como inmueble perteneciente al Patrimonio Histórico Andaluz, por lo que, con el fin de abordar el proyecto de forma adecuada, se lleva a cabo la investigación necesaria para conocer aquellos aspectos que ayudan a comprender la conformación del edificio, los conceptos a partir de los que fue diseñado y su funcionamiento. Dicha investigación, realizada de forma extensiva partiendo del propio edificio hasta los orígenes de los conceptos del Movimiento Moderno, da como resultado el análisis del uso de la retícula como elemento que organiza la estructura del conjunto arquitectónico y a partir de la cual se generan los espacios. La propuesta de diseño desarrolla el proyecto de acondicionamiento del edificio aplicando la conceptualización de la retícula como base identitaria del mismo, poniendo en valor aquellos elementos que le confieren su carácter, sin perjuicio de las condiciones de funcionalidad exigibles en la actualidad, y cuyo objetivo final es la rentabilización del patrimonio por parte de la propiedad.
Diseño de moda y sostenibilidad
Authors: Funes Elena
Published: February 2023

Agricostura es una colección de moda femenina de Alta Costura que, mediante el soporte artístico que la propia moda produce, pretende narrar la historia que ha acontecido en el campo almeriense. Agricostura pretende darle mayor alcance a esta historia, de una forma en la que no se había hecho hasta ahora. Pasando por sus tres fases principales, se han elaborado diseños que hablen del pasado, del presente y del posible futuro del sector hortofrutícola. La colección está inspirada en la ciencia, el progreso, la culturalidad y la sostenibilidad. Como resultado, se ha realizado una colección de moda de un total de treinta diseños de mujer que, incorporando los materiales propios del campo almeriense con los intrínsecos al mundo de la moda, evocan valores de artesanía, tradición, saber hacer y respeto por el medio ambiente.
PENGELOLAAN WILAYAH PESISIR PANTAI OLO YANG DISEBABKAN LIMBAH DOMESTIK MASYARAKAT
Authors: Harefa Meilinda Suriani , Manalu Selly Marcelina , Sinaga Novida Hensary , Lubis Siti Nurhaliza
Published: February 2023

Timbulan sampah dari hari ke hari cenderung meningkat dan bervariasi, sehingga seringkali sampah menjadi masalah karena pengelolaan yang belum baik. Pola pikir, pola sikap, dan pola tindak yang masih keliru terhadap sampah telah menimbulkan permasalahan sosial, lingkungan, dan kesehatan. Permasalahan lingkungan antara lain terjadinya kerusakan dalam sistem air, sehingga terjadi pencemaran air yang disebabkan aktivitas membuang sampah ke badan air. Ditinjau dari segi kualitas, kondisi perairan sungai di wilayah pantai olo semakin menurun. Menurunnya kondisi tersebut salah satunya disebabkan karena pembuangan sampah ke sungai. Kegiatan pembuangan sampah ke sungai umumnya dilakukan oleh penduduk yang tinggal dan/atau beraktivitas di bantaran sungai. Oleh karena itu, prioritas untuk mengurangi jumlah sampah yang dibuang ke sungai lebih ditekankan kepada masyarakat yang tinggal dan/atau beraktivitas di dekat sungai. Upaya pengendalian pencemaran sungai yang diakibatkan oleh sampah masih terbatas dan diperparah dengan rendahnya kesadaran masyarakat dalam menjaga lingkungannya serta kurangnya penegakan hukum bagi pelanggar pencemaran lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pendekatan yang komprehensif dan holistik bagi pengendalian pencemaran sungai yang diakibatkan oleh sampah, agar dapat dipertahankan kualitas lingkungan perairan yang baik. Pemerintah hendaknya mengeluarkan kebijakan yang pada dasarnya merangsang penduduk untuk melakukan pengelolaan sampah dengan pendekatan 3R (Reduce, Reuse dan Recycle)
Strategi Pengendalian Masalah Aktivitas Masyarakat Pesisir Pantai Cermin Akibat Pencemaran Lingkungan
Authors: Syahfitri Nasha Astrid , Sihombing Adesiana , Yana Rafika , Harefa Meilinda Suriani
Published: February 2023

Sebagian besar wilayah Indonesia terdiri dari laut sangat luas. Artinya wilayah Indonesia terletak di zona pesisir. Tidak dapat disangkal bahwa kawasan pesisir memiliki potensi yang besar untuk menjadikan kawasan pesisir sebagai rumah bagi masyarakat yang tinggal di lingkungan tersebut. Selain berkembang. Selain mengembangkan hasil laut, warga pesisir juga berkesempatan menjadikan daerahnya sebagai destinasi wisata. Lokasinya yang strategis dapat menjadikannya pusat perdagangan dan perdagangan di pesisir pariwisata Karena letaknya yang strategis. Hasil penelitian kami di Pantai Cermin di Desa Pantai Cermin Kanan Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai menemukan masalah pencemaran lingkungan disekitar hujan deras. Sebagian besar tidak menata dengan teratur sehingga kualitas lingkungan pesisir masih terjaga, banyak terjadi pencemaran yang mengancam perkembangan kawasan pesisir tersebut. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan suatu sistem pengelolaan dalam bentuk pengelolaan, pemantauan dan pengendalian lingkungan berkelanjutan. Hal ini karena sumber pencemaran berasal dari aktivitas darat dan laut. Upaya pencegahan pencemaran lingkungan harus dilakukan dengan cara mencegah, menanggulangi dan memulihkan pencemaran yang terjadi.
Measurement of LAG-3 Expression Across Multiple Staining Platforms With the 17B4 Antibody Clone
Authors: Wojcik John B. , Desai Keyur , Avraam Konstantinos , Vandebroek Arno , Dillon Lloye M. , Giacomazzi Giorgia , Rypens Charlotte , Benci Joseph L.
Published: February 2023

Context.—

An immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay developed to detect lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3), a novel immune checkpoint inhibitor target, has demonstrated high analytic precision and interlaboratory reproducibility using a Leica staining platform, but it has not been investigated on other IHC staining platforms.

Objective.—

To evaluate the performance of LAG-3 IHC assays using the 17B4 antibody clone across widely used IHC staining platforms: Agilent/Dako Autostainer Link 48 and VENTANA BenchMark ULTRA compared to Leica BOND-RX (BOND-RX).

Design.—

Eighty formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded melanoma tissue blocks were cut into consecutive sections and evaluated using staining platform–specific IHC assays with the 17B4 antibody clone. Duplicate testing was performed on the BOND-RX platform to assess intraplatform agreement. LAG-3 expression using a numeric score was evaluated by a pathologist and with a digital scoring algorithm. LAG-3 positivity was determined from manual scores using a 1% or greater cutoff.

Results.—

LAG-3 IHC staining patterns and intensities were visually similar across all 3 staining platforms. Spearman and Pearson correlations were 0.75 or greater for interplatform and BOND-RX intraplatform concordance when LAG-3 expression was evaluated with a numeric score determined by a pathologist. Correlation increased with a numeric score determined with a digital scoring algorithm (Spearman and Pearson correlations ≥0.88 for all comparisons). Overall percentage agreement was 77.5% or greater for interplatform and BOND-RX intraplatform comparisons when LAG-3 positivity was determined using a 1% or greater cutoff.

Conclusions.—

Data presented here demonstrate that LAG-3 expression can be robustly and reproducibly assessed across 3 major commercial IHC staining platforms using the 17B4 antibody clone.