bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
D-Dimer Level and Neutrophils Count as Predictive and Prognostic Factors of Pulmonary Embolism in Severe Non-ICU COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Thoreau Benjamin , Galland Joris , Delrue Maxime , Neuwirth Marie , Stepanian Alain , Chauvin Anthony , Dellal Azeddine , Nallet Olivier , Roriz Melanie , Devaux Mathilde , London Jonathan , Martin-Lecamp Gonzague , Froissart Antoine , Arab Nouara , Ferron Bertrand , Groff Marie-Helene , Queyrel Viviane , Lorut Christine , Regard Lucile , Berthoux Emilie , Bayer Guillaume , Comarmond Chloe , Lioger Bertrand , Mekinian Arsène , Szwebel Tali-Anne , Sené Thomas , Amador-Borrero Blanca , Mangin Olivier , Sellier Pierre , Siguret Virginie , Mouly Stéphane , Kevorkian Jean-Philippe ,   Lariboisière COVID Group, Vodovar Dominique , Sene Damien
Published: April 2021

The incidence of pulmonary embolism (PE) is high during severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to identify predictive and prognostic factors of PE in non-ICU hospitalized COVID-19 patients. In the retrospective multicenter observational CLOTVID cohort, we enrolled patients with confirmed RT-PCR COVID-19 who were hospitalized in a medicine ward and also underwent a CT pulmonary angiography for a PE suspicion. Baseline data, laboratory biomarkers, treatments, and outcomes were collected. Predictive and prognostics factors of PE were identified by using logistic multivariate and by Cox regression models, respectively. A total of 174 patients were enrolled, among whom 86 (median [IQR] age of 66 years [55–77]) had post-admission PE suspicion, with 30/86 (34.9%) PE being confirmed. PE occurrence was independently associated with the lack of long-term anticoagulation or thromboprophylaxis (OR [95%CI], 72.3 [3.6–4384.8]) D-dimers ≥ 2000 ng/mL (26.3 [4.1–537.8]) and neutrophils ≥ 7.0 G/L (5.8 [1.4–29.5]). The presence of these two biomarkers was associated with a higher risk of PE (p = 0.0002) and death or ICU transfer (HR [95%CI], 12.9 [2.5–67.8], p < 0.01). In hospitalized non-ICU severe COVID-19 patients with clinical PE suspicion, the lack of anticoagulation, D-dimers ≥ 2000 ng/mL, neutrophils ≥ 7.0 G/L, and these two biomarkers combined might be useful predictive markers of PE and prognosis, respectively.
Atypical Porcine Pestiviruses: Relationships and Conserved Structural Features
Authors: Riedel Christiane , Aitkenhead Hazel , El Omari Kamel , Rümenapf Till
Published: April 2021

For two decades, the genus pestivirus has been expanding and the host range now extends to rodents, bats and marine mammals. In this review, we focus on one of the most diverse pestiviruses, atypical porcine pestivirus or pestivirus K, comparing its special traits to what is already known at the structural and functional level from other pestiviruses.
Contributions of Ubiquitin and Ubiquitination to Flaviviral Antagonism of Type I IFN
Authors: Hay-McCullough Erika , Morrison Juliet
Published: April 2021

Flaviviruses implement a broad range of antagonism strategies against the host antiviral response. A pivotal component of the early host response is production and signaling of type I interferon (IFN-I). Ubiquitin, a prevalent cellular protein-modifying molecule, is heavily involved in the cellular regulation of this and other immune response pathways. Viruses use ubiquitin and ubiquitin machinery to antagonize various steps of these pathways through diverse mechanisms. Here, we highlight ways in which flaviviruses use or inhibit ubiquitin to antagonize the antiviral IFN-I response.
Contaminant Transport and Fate
Authors: Boving Thomas B. , Blanford William J.
Published: April 2021

This Special Issue highlights many of the predominant contaminant transport and fate processes that redistribute solutes through natural and engineered surface and subsurface environments [...]
Runoff Projection from an Alpine Watershed in Western Canada: Application of a Snowmelt Runoff Model
Authors: Siemens Kyle , Dibike Yonas , Shrestha Rajesh , Prowse Terry
Published: April 2021

The rising global temperature is shifting the runoff patterns of snowmelt-dominated alpine watersheds, resulting in increased cold season flows, earlier spring peak flows, and reduced summer runoff. Projections of future runoff are beneficial in preparing for the anticipated changes in streamflow regimes. This study applied the degree–day Snowmelt Runoff Model (SRM) in combination with the MODIS to remotely sense snow cover observations for modeling the snowmelt runoff response of the Upper Athabasca River Basin in western Canada. After assessing its ability to simulate the observed historical flows, the SRM was applied for projecting future runoff in the basin. The inclusion of a spatial and temporal variation in the degree–day factor (DDF) and separation of the DDF for glaciated and non-glaciated areas were found to be important for improved simulation of varying snow conditions over multiple years. The SRM simulations, driven by an ensemble of six statistically downscaled GCM runs under the RCP8.5 scenario for the future period (2070–2080), show a consistent pattern in projected runoff change, with substantial increases in May runoff, smaller increases over the winter months, and decreased runoff in the summer months (June–August). Despite the SRM’s relative simplicity and requirement of only a few input variables, the model performed well in simulating historical flows, and provides runoff projections consistent with historical trends and previous modeling studies.
Water Distribution and Silt Clogging in the Strong-Seepage Zone Infiltration Process of Yufuhe River from Yellow River Water Based on the Two-Dimensional Sand Tank Model
Authors: Zhao Weidong , Wang Weiping , Liu Shuai , Qu Shisong , Sun Xiuxiu , Meng Yujie
Published: April 2021

A two-dimensional sand tank experiment was designed to explore the mechanism of water distribution and silt clogging of Yellow River water whilst replenishing groundwater in ‘open window’ reach of the piedmont river and strong seepage area consisting of a gravel and karst layer from top to bottom. Water released through the reach was divided into surface, pore and fracture karst water, of which karst water was an effective recharge from the surface water. A reasonable released water plan is necessary in recharging to avoid invalid recharge. The karst water accounted for 60–70% of the amount of water released before clogging, and this value was reduced to approximately 10–20% whilst a thin clay layer formed from suspended particles on the surface layer of the medium after clogging. The removal rate of suspended solids along vertical and lateral directions in the medium can reach over 96%. The retained amount of suspended particles was mainly distributed on the surface and upper layer region of the medium. A rubber dam can improve effective infiltration whilst promoting suspended solid deposition in the medium. The fitting degree of the numerical simulation and measured results was above 0.9, which proves the reliability of the sand tank model results.
Landscapes and Landforms of Terrestrial and Marine Areas: A Way Forward
Authors: Soldati Mauro , Prampolini Mariacristina , Foglini Federica , Savini Alessandra
Published: April 2021

In the last decade, the interest to jointly analyze landscapes and landforms of emerged and submerged areas has been expanding [...]
The Role of Ponds in Pesticide Dissipation at the Agricultural Catchment Scale: A Critical Review
Authors: Imfeld Gwenaël , Payraudeau Sylvain , Tournebize Julien , Sauvage Sabine , Macary Francis , Chaumont Cédric , Probst Anne , Sánchez-Pérez José-Miguel , Bahi Aya , Chaumet Betty , Gilevska Tetyana , Alexandre Hugues , Probst Jean-Luc
Published: April 2021

Ponds in agricultural areas are ubiquitous water retention systems acting as reactive biogeochemical hotspots controlling pesticide dissipation and transfer at the catchment scale. Several issues need to be addressed in order to understand, follow-up and predict the role of ponds in limiting pesticide transfer at the catchment scale. In this review, we present a critical overview of functional processes underpinning pesticide dissipation in ponds. We highlight the need to distinguish degradative and non-degradative processes and to understand the role of the sediment-water interface in pesticide dissipation. Yet it is not well-established how pesticide dissipation in ponds governs the pesticide transfer at the catchment scale under varying hydro-climatic conditions and agricultural operation practices. To illustrate the multi-scale and dynamic aspects of this issue, we sketch a modelling framework integrating the role of ponds at the catchment scale. Such an integrated framework can improve the spatial prediction of pesticide transfer and risk assessment across the catchment-ponds-river continuum to facilitate management rules and operations.
WaterCoG: Evidence on How the Use of Tools, Knowledge, and Process Design Can Improve Water Co-Governance
Authors: Borowski-Maaser Ilke , Graversgaard Morten , Foster Natalie , Prutzer Madeleine , Roest Allard , Boogaard Floris
Published: April 2021

The European Union Water Framework Directive (WFD) encourages water managers to implement active stakeholder involvement to achieve sustainable water management. However, the WFD does not describe in detail how member states should operationalize participation. The need for local experience and local understanding of collaborative governance (co-governance) processes remains. The WaterCoG project evaluated 11 local pilot schemes. Building on the participatory, qualitative evaluation of pilot schemes from Sweden, United Kingdom, Denmark, The Netherlands, and Germany, the authors take a closer look at how co-governance can improve water governance, how water managers can make best use of tools and knowledge, and how they can improve process designs. The results reflect how social learning and successful co-governance are linked. Social learning as a shared understanding of complex ecosystem and water-management issues can be supported with active stakeholder involvement and citizen science. As such, in co-governance processes, stakeholders need technical access to data and knowledge and a shared process memory. This enables them to develop a shared understanding and facilitates bringing together competing interests and finding new solutions. Participatory tools became part of successful processes by building trust and knowledge based on commitment. However, proficient process design and facilitation make these tools more effective.
Retraction: Kwon et al. Cooperative Control Algorithm for Friction and Regenerative Braking Systems Considering Temperature Characteristics. World Electr. Veh. J. 2015, 7, 287–298
Authors:   World Electric Vehicle Association
Published: April 2021

The journal retracts the article, ”Cooperative control algorithm for friction and regenerative braking systems considering temperature characteristics” [...]
Radikalios rusų monarchistinės organizacijos ir jų veikla Vilniuje 1906–1914 metais
Authors: Petronis Vytautas
Published: April 2021

RADICAL RUSSIAN MONARCHIST ORGANISATIONS AND THEIR ACTIVITIES IN VILNIUS IN 1906–1914

The article analyses the branches of imperial radical political parties that operated in Vilnius between 1906 and 1914, their history, members, ideology and activities. The research is divided into two periods of activity, 1906 to 1912, and 1912 to 1914. The first period saw the formation of branches of political parties, their political activities, and differentiation; whereas in the second period, after the 1912 elections to the Fourth Duma, radical monarchists withdrew from the political arena, and focused mostly
on social, economic and religious spheres of urban life. The nucleus of the political movement was formed by the Orthodox clergy, teachers in public and private schools, junior civil servants, reservists, and railway workers. An important role when establishing branches of radical monarchist movements was played by certain members of the Old Believer community. With no support in the city, which was dominated by a foreign-born infidel population, they tried to penetrate the local Russian community and promote the old, monarchist, traditionalist and patriarchal dogmas declared in the ideologeme they advocated: ‘Orthodoxy, Autocracy, Nationalism’. When participating in the political struggle for a place in local dumas, radical monarchists in Vilnius not only
distanced themselves from their more liberal counterparts, the nationalists, but also became involved in internal conflicts. The end of the 1905 revolution, the turn towards more secular Russian nationalism by Prime Minister Pyotr Stolypin, and disagreements between local monarchists, resulted in the torpidity of monarchism on the eve of the First World War.
VERIFICATION AND ASSESMENT OF AN EXPERT’S CONCLUSION IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS
Authors: Baulin O. , Izotov O.
Published: April 2021

The article considers the procedural and forensic aspects of the verification and assessment of an expert’s conclusion in criminal proceedings, its regulation under the current legislation of Ukraine.
The authors define the assessment of the expert’s conclusion and indicate its structural elements and features, as well as what is its difference from the verifying the expert’s conclusion, since the latter is characterized not only by the operations of mental activity, but also by the conduct of investigative (search) and other procedural actions. It is noted that the verification of the expert’s conclusion in criminal proceedings always precedes its assessment.
The assessment of the expert’s conclusion includes the analysis of the follows:
– compliance with the procedural rules for the appointment, conduct and execution of the xamination;
– competence and adequacy of an expert;
– expert’s conclusions on compliance with the tasks assigned to him/her;
– completeness and scientific validity of the conclusion;
– the data of the conclusion regarding its relevance;
– compliance of the expert’s conclusion with other evidence collected in criminal proceedings.
The subjects carrying out criminal proceedings pay particular attention to the modern practice of assessing the expert’s conclusion. The approach is perceived critically, according to which only the categorical conclusion of the expert has evidentiary value, and the court cannot base the judgment on the probabilistic conclusion. Based on the provisions of the principle of the presumption of innocence, and on the example of the assessment of the conclusions of the forensic medical examination on the probabilistic cause of the death of the victim, which was made by the Supreme Court, applying the standard of proof beyond reasonable doubt, the authors point to the obligatory use of probabilistic expert conclusions by courts to justify its acquittals.
The article draws conclusions about the current state and limits of legal regulation of the assessment of an expert’s conclusion in criminal proceedings, the rules of which, according to the authors, do not need to be fixed in a separate article of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine.
THE CAUSES AND CONDITIONS OF CRIME IN THE FIELD OF ECONOMY
Authors: Denysov S. , Filei Yu.
Published: April 2021

The article examines the issue of combating criminal offenses in the field of economics. It is emphasized that economic crime is caused by destructive tendencies in the development of market relations in the economy and social sphere. Lack of real protection of legitimate economic relations, lag of law-making activity from the needs of economic practice, unsystematic adoption of legal acts concerning certain elements of the economic system.
Recently, there has been a process of merging economic and criminal offenses, as well as merging with organized crime. Penetrating into various spheres of the economy, criminal associations seek not only to establish control over the activities of specific enterprises but also to create their own structures capable of occupying a leading position in the infrastructure of individual industries. The intellectual level of criminal activity increases, the scope, and methods of encroachment expand.
The reasons for committing mercenary crimes in the economic sphere are both objective and subjective. Thus, in the determination of crime involved both biological and social characteristics of man.
An economic criminal does not perceive himself as a criminal, although he admits that he is breaking the law. The problem here is that the media is very one-sided coverage of the image of the traditional criminal, as well as the fact that economically criminal behavior is difficult at first glance to distinguish from socially obedient. Economic criminals justify their crimes by committing them with the tacit consent or approval of public opinion. They deny causing harm to citizens, and also claim that almost all businessmen do the same.
If the profit significantly exceeds the possible punishment, then such a crime becomes profitable. Criminal behavior should not be economically or socially profitable. At the same time, it is important to improve the economic and social living conditions of the people.
Proceso de mejora continua en empresas procesadoras de plásticos de la Costa Oriental del Lago
Authors: Castillo Cinthia
Published: April 2021

La investigación tuvo como propósito analizar el proceso de mejora continua presente en la gestión de calidad de las empresas procesadoras de plásticos de la Costa Oriental del Lago. La metodología fue de tipo descriptiva, bajo un diseño no experimental, de campo y transeccional. La población quedó conformada por tres (3) empresas procesadoras de plásticos ubicadas en la Costa Oriental del Lago. Para la recolección de datos se empleó la encuesta mediante un cuestionario, el mismo quedó conformado por 20 ítems con escala dicotómica. La validez se realizó a través del juicio de expertos, y para calcular su confiabilidad se empleó el coeficiente de Küder-Richardson, obteniéndose 0,923. El análisis de datos se realizó mediante la estadística descriptiva, con base en las frecuencias relativas. Se concluye mediana presencia del proceso de mejora continua, dentro de la gestión de calidad, a través de planificar, hacer o ejecutar, verificar y actuar.
Proceso logístico en las empresas de movilización de equipos de perforación de PDVSA occidente
Authors: Nárvaez Luis
Published: April 2021

La gestión logística implica una nueva forma de integrar, gestionar y controlar todos los procesos de la empresa, desde esta perspectiva, la investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar el proceso logístico presente en las empresas que prestan servicio de movilización de equipos de perforación a PDVSA occidente. La metodología empleada fue de tipo descriptiva, con un diseño de campo, no experimental y transversal. La información se recolectó a través de la aplicación de un cuestionario contentivo de 22 ítems, con escala de frecuencias. El cuestionario fue validado por cinco expertos y la confiabilidad calculada por la formula Alfa de Cronbach, cuyo resultado fue de 0,95. El análisis de datos se realizó con base a la media y desviación estándar. Se concluye que estas empresas, poseen muy alta presencia de las funciones básicas del proceso logístico y flujos del proceso logístico en su gestión logística.
Estrategias de la gestión de calidad en las empresas mixtas venezolanas
Authors: Ygcibel Garrido
Published: April 2021

Se identificaron las estrategias de la gestión de calidad que aplican las empresas mixtas venezolanas. La metodología fue descriptiva, con diseño no experimental, de campo y transeccional. La población quedó constituida por las gerencias de yacimientos pertenecientes a las tres empresas mixtas filiales de PDVSA que hacen vida activa en la Costa Oriental del Lago. Para la recolección de datos se empleó la encuesta mediante un cuestionario, conformado por 10 ítems con escala de frecuencia. La validez se realizó a través del juicio de expertos, y en su confiabilidad se empleó el Coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach, obteniéndose 0,812. El análisis de los datos se realizó con estadística descriptiva, basado en la media aritmética. Se concluye que: estas gerencias ostentaron baja aplicación de la planificación de la calidad, diseño de la calidad, despliegue funcional, análisis modo de fallas y efectos, control de los procesos, como estrategias de la gestión de calidad.
Padmaavat (2018)
Authors: Souza de Oliveira Michele
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo explorar as possibilidades de análise do filme Padmaavat do diretor Sanjay Leela Bhansali, que estreou em janeiro de 2018. O filme narra a história da rainha Padmini, uma personagem que supostamente viveu no século XIV e ainda hoje permanece popular no imaginário subcontinente indiano, contudo a produção e exibição do longa metragem gerou uma série de conflitos na sociedade indiana pela forma como essa história foi exibida e em virtude de estar ligada ao seio de diversas comunidades e da identidade nacional. Procuro contextualizar o surgimento dessa personagem e desenvolver três linhas principais de leitura e interpretação do filme, com enfoque no seu processo de politização da narrativa e o seu uso para a manutenção de questões ligadas à gênero, islamofobia e a formação da nação indiana, principalmente no decorrer do século XIX e XX.
presença africana registrada por meio do comércio interno de escravos em Juiz de Fora, MG (1870-1880)
Authors: De Oliveira da Silva Dayana
Published: April 2021

O objetivo desse artigo é examinar a presença de cativos de origem africana através do comércio interno de escravos na cidade de Juiz de Fora (MG) durante a década de 1870. Busca-se compreender, com base em análises qualitativas e quantitativas, a constituição do processo operacional e da logística relacionados à comercialização dos escravizados. Neste sentido, atenta-se para o lugar de origem desses indivíduos, quem eram seus transmitentes e adquirentes, qual o perfil dos cativos comercializados, entre outras questões. Para tal desígnio, são analisados quatro Livros de Notas e Escrituras Públicas de compra e venda de escravos, referentes a Juiz de Fora, entre os anos de 1870-1880.
Meu avô não foi qualquer um
Authors: Mendes Lorraine
Published: April 2021

O artigo visa a uma análise afrocentrada do quadro A Redenção de Cam de ModestoBrocos que priorize as relações raciais tensionadas a partir da figura da avó. Para tanto é necessário teorizar sobre as relações raciais na construção da identidade nacional. Utilizarei um arsenal teórico diverso para, em uma crítica às narrativas hegemônicas da história da arte brasileira, enunciar a presença de uma Sankofa na tela. É essa Sankofa, como agência epistêmica e narrativa, o conceito a ser desenvolvido no corpo do texto.
Biblical Virtues in Thearo Short Stories
Authors: Shobana H , Maheshwari P
Published: April 2021

Religion is the symbol of the human way of life. Religion can be considered as a morality that takes one to the heights of human life. Religion is a way to make life happier, more fulfilling, and more refined. Throughout human history, religions have emerged and flourished in various parts of the world in an attempt to refine man’s depravity. They have established their movement in various media as arts, literature and philosophy that have taught the sweet meanings of life. Religion teaches man the superiority of human values. That is, it teaches many more classic qualities, such as love, kindness, compassion, empathy, and honesty.
Shiva’s Heroic Deeds on Atta Veerattana Places
Authors: Thangaraj C
Published: April 2021

Literature to the development of Tamil literature is immense. The Panniruthirumuraigal, which are prominent in devotional literature, are the revisions of Lord Shiva; Not only the specialties, but also the various special ideas about the deeds performed by Lord Shiva at different times in these sites. Among them are the heroic deeds of Lord Shiva in eight places including Thirukandiyur, Tirukovalur, Travancore, Tirupariyalur, Thiruvirkudi, Thiruvalur, Thirukurukkai, Thirukkadavur, which are revered as eight heroic Saiva holy places told in the Tamil tradition. According to the Tamil tradition, Brahman, Imayan, Andagan, Kayamugan, Dakkan, Chalandaran, Manmadhan and Tripura Asuras destroyed the arrogance of Enmar through the heroic deeds of Lord Shiva. It is revered as the card heroism as the act of heroism of Lord Shiva manifested in these places. Let me inform you that this article is based on comments taken from texts that have appeared in the Panniruthirumuraigal.
PENGEMBANGAN PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS WEB PADA MATERI TINGKAT BUNGA SEDERHANA DAN TINGKAT BUNGA MAJEMUK
Authors: Bulukaya Supriono K. , Ismail Yamin , Zakiyah Siti
Published: April 2021

This research aims to produce good mathematics learning media for Simple Interest Rate and Compound Interest Rates and find out the media's response and role towards students. This type of research is development research that begins with the development of web-based media. The development model used is a modified Four-D (4D) development model, namely the definition stage, the design stage, and the development stage. The research subjects were students of the Gorontalo State University mathematics study program. The results showed that the quality of the media based on the results of the validation by media experts was very valid. Students give a positive response. This shows that learning media can be used in the learning process, and learning media can increase student understanding.
Migren Hastalığının Patogenezinde Oksidatif Stres, Damar Fizyopatolojisini Etkileyen Faktörler ve Enflamasyonun Rolü
Authors: GÜLER Eray Metin , ANADOL Ülker , POLAT Hayriye , KILINÇ Ahmet , YALÇIN Destina , YALÇIN A. Suha
Published: April 2021

Amaç: Çalışmamızda migren tanısı konmuş hastalar ile sağlıklı kontrol grubu arasında oksidatif stres, damar fizyopatolojisi ve enflamasyon biyobelirteçleri açısından bir fark olup olmadığının araştırılması amaçlandı.Materyal ve Metod: SBÜ Ümraniye Eğitim Araştırma Hastanesi Nöroloji Polikliniğine başvuran, 18 - 49 yaş arasında olup migren tanı kriterlerine uyan ve sistemik herhangi bir hastalığı olmayan 27 hasta ile 27 sağlıklı kişiden kan ve idrar örnekleri alındı. İdrarda malondialdehit, eritrositlerde glutatyon, glutatyonla ilgili enzimler, süperoksit dismutaz, katalaz, malondialdehit ve protein karbonilleri, plazmada malondialdehit, bilirubin, ürik asit ve albümin gibi oksidatif stres biyobelirteçlerine, damar fizyopatolojisi biyobelirteçlerinden trombosit ve fibrinojene, enflamasyon biyobelirteçlerinden ise interkökin (IL) 1β, IL6, IL10, tümör nekrozis faktör (TNF) α, c reaktif protein (CRP) ve ferritin düzeyleri ölçüldü.Bulgular: Hasta grubunda glutatyon ve glutatyonla ilgili enzimlerin yanında süperoksit dismutaz ve katalaz değerleri kontrol grubuna kıyasla istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düşük (p<0,001) bulundu. Plazma albümin düzeylerinde gruplar arasında istatistiksel fark görülmedi. Ürik asit ve total bilirubin düzeylerinde ise hasta grubundaki düzeyler istatistiksel olarak anlamlı yüksek (p<0,001) bulundu. Benzer şekilde oksidatif hasar belirteçleri olan protein karbonilleri ile plazma, eritrosit ve idrar malondialdehit düzeyleri hasta grubunda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı yüksek (p<0,001) bulundu. Damar fizyopatolojisi belirteçlerinden trombosit sayısı ve fibrinojen düzeylerinin hasta grubunda anlamlı olarak arttığı (p<0,001) gözlendi. Enflamasyon belirteçlerinden IL1β, IL6, IL10 ve TNFα düzeyleri hasta grubunda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı yüksek (p<0,001) bulunurken, CRP ve ferritin düzeyleri düşüktü.Sonuç: Migren hastalarında oksidatif stres, damar fizyopatolojisi ve enflamasyon belirteçleri birlikte değerlendirildiğinde, hastalardaki baskılanan ve azalan antioksidan düzeylerinin oksidatif stresi arttırdığı dolayısıyla enflamasyon ve damar fizyopatolojisi değişikliklerine neden olduğu sonucuna varıldı.
Keanekaragaman dan Pemanfaatan Tanaman Obat pada Pekarangan di Dumoga Utara, Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow, Sulawesi Utara
Authors: Lestari Dewi , Koneri Roni , Maabuat Pience Veralyn
Published: April 2021

(Article History: Received January 12, 2021; Revised March 8, 2021; Accepted April 7, 2021) ABSTRAKTanaman obat merupakan tanaman yang memiliki komponen aktif dan diyakini oleh masyarakat dapat menyembuhkan penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keanekaragaman dan pemanfaatan tanaman obat pada pekarangan di Dumoga Utara, Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow, Sulawesi Utara. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Pemilihan responden dilakukan dengan metoda snowball sampling. Hasil penelitian didapatkkan sebanyak 25 famili, yang terdiri dari 46 spesies dan 2691 individu tanaman obat. Famili yang banyak ditemukan jumlah spesies dan individunya adalah Zingeberaceae, merupakan famili yang banyak ditemukan jumlah spesies dan individunya. Spesies yang memiliki kelimpahan tertinggi adalah Sauropus androgynus, kemudian Zingiber officinale dan Curcuma longa. Indek kekayaan, keanekaragaman dan kemerataan spesies tertinggi pada pekarangan Suku Jawa. Bentuk hidup tanaman obat yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah herba dan perdu. Daun merupakan bagian tanaman yang banyak dimanfaatkan untuk tanaman obat dan proses pengolahan umumnya dengan cara direbus.  Pemanfaatan tanaman obat pekarangan oleh masyarakat dapat digunakan untuk mengobati 18 jenis penyakit.Kata kunci: Tanaman obat; Zingiberaceae, Sauropus androgynus, herba.  ABSTRACTMedicinal plants are plants that have active components and are believed by the community to cure diseases. This study aims to analyze the diversity and utilization of medicinal plants in the yard in North Dumoga, Bolaang Mongondow Regency, North Sulawesi. The sampling method used was purposive sampling. The selection of respondents was carried out using the snowball sampling method. The results of the study were 25 families, consisting of 46 species and 2691 individual medicinal plants. The family with the highest number of species and individuals was Zingeberaceae, which was the family with the highest number of species and individuals. The species with the highest abundance were Sauropus androgynus, then Zingiber officinale and Curcuma longa. The highest index of species richness, diversity and evenness was in the Javanese tribe. The most common forms of medicinal plant life are herbs and shrubs. Leaves are part of a plant that is widely used for medicinal plants and in general processing by boiling. The use of yard medicinal plants by the community can be used to treat 18 types of diseases.Key words: Medicinal plants; Zingiberaceae, Sauropus androgynus, herb.
Some Cultural Foundations of Financial Macroeconomics
Authors: Correa Amelia , Correa Romar
Published: April 2021

Mainstream economists concede that finance tests the deductive powers of the microfoundations model. Accordingly, we attempt to derive a structural model inductively through use of empirical studies and history. Culture is the means by which a task is set about. The term consists of the following elements. The unit of analysis is groups or classes as found in National Income accounts. The connection between them does not consist of substitution effects or conflict but complementarities and cooperation. Secondly, the economy is defined as the inseparable composite of the fiscal and the monetary authorities and the components of the private sector. Finally, finance eases the flow of production and consumption and investment. However, banks are beset with problems of asymmetric information and runs. Additionally, market finance is prone to bubbles and crashes. Elements of culture are required to hold fast during the interactions between the financial and the real world.
Cultural Perspectives of Financial and Non-Financial Incentives
Authors: Kafka Kyriaki , Kanzola Anna Maria , Petrakis Panagiotis E.
Published: April 2021

The present paper delineates an explanatory framework for the defining factors of incentives, both financial and nonfinancial, through the theory of human economic action and that of personality traits, which shape human goals and, ultimately, social identity. It is ascertained that three types of variables affect incentives: basic conditions (cultural change, etc.), basic values and needs (tradition, external values, etc.) and the dynamism of social identity, which includes the goals that are set. More specifically, the two basic variables that shape the incentives for human action and imbue dynamism in behavior relate to megalothymia—i.e., the need for acknowledgement of a person’s integrity along with the predisposition to be thought superior to others as well as the aspiration to a certain level of quality in life.
CLINICAL AND INVESTIGATIVE FEATURES OF SEIZURE IN CHILDREN ADMITTED IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF NORTHERN INDIA
Authors: Kumari Nikki , Kumar Rajesh , Saran Gopal , Jaiswal A. K.
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Convulsions are one of the most common paediatric neurological disorders worldwide, with its incidence being highest among
children younger than 3 years of age. It is also one of the most frequent causes for visit to the pediatric emergency department and could either be
idiopathic or secondary to disease process of brain. Seizures lead to alterat Aims and objectives: ions in the laboratory values and reect changes in
different organ systems. This study was done to evaluate the clinical, laboratory, EEG and CT ndings in cases of seizure among children between
1month to15years of age. It was a descriptive study conducted in patients admitt Materials and methods: ed in emergency and indoor of
department of paediatrics, Patna Medical College and Hospital, over a period of 2 years from October 2014 to September 2016. Children from 1
month to 15 years of age with seizures were studied to know the proportion of idiopathic or secondary seizures and to evaluate various laboratory,
EEG and CT ndings in these cases. During study period, 200 children between ages Results: 1 month to 15 years, with convulsion, were enrolled.
Seizures were found to be more common in males (67.5%). Secondary seizures were present in 90% cases and idiopathic epilepsy accounted only
for 10%. GTCS was the commonest type of seizure both in idiopathic epilepsy (100%) as well as in secondary seizure group (87.77%). Family
history of seizure disorders was present in 13% of cases. Developmental delay was found in 11.5% cases, whereas 88.5% children were
developmentally normal. Commonest symptoms associated with secondary seizures were fever (86.11%), altered sensorium (77.22%), and cough
(38.89%). Headache, vomiting, ear discharge, rashes were other symptoms. Altered sensorium (69.5%), neck stiffness (33%), cranial nerve
involvement (16%) were commonest signs. Hypocalcemia, hyponatremia and hypoglycaemia were found in 4.5%, 1.67% and 1.11% cases
respectively, in cases of secondary seizures. CSF analysis was done in all 200 cases and was found to be normal in all cases (100%) of idiopathic
epilepsy, whereas it was abnormal in 81% cases of secondary seizures. Abnormal CSF ndings included low CSF glucose (24.69% cases), high
CSF proteins (100%) and CSF pleocytosis in 82.71% cases. EEG was also done in all cases, and was found to be abnormal in 85% cases of
idiopathic epilepsy, whereas 43.89% cases of secondary seizures had abnormal recordings. Abnormal EEG recordings were abnormal background
activity in 60.41%, generalised interictal discharges (IED) in 77.08% and focal IED in 21.87%. Abnormal CT scan ndings were seen in 60(45.8%)
cases. Out of these 60 cases, commonest CT scan abnormalities seen were cerebral oedema (45%), cerebral atrophy (20%), and hydrocephalus
(16.7%). Other CT ndings were ring enhancing lesions, basal exudates, infarcts etc.
FACTORS AFFECTING EXPOSURE IN TOTAL KNEE REPLACEMENT USING SUBVASTUS APPROACH
Authors: Bose Abhirup , Malhan Kaushal
Published: April 2021

INTRODUCTION: A key factor in minimally invasive knee surgery is protecting and preserving muscles. The muscles provide strength and control of our knee range of motion. The muscles are also an important factor in regaining motion. As one would expect, not cutting or detaching muscles around the knee results in less pain, better motion and faster recovery as in Subvastus approach of TKR. This study is Randomized prospective observational study, in which few signicant patient factor like :- FFD, BMI, Insall-Salvati score, muscle to bone ratio and varus valgus deformity got studied with respect to the Exposure level achieved by surgeon during knee replacement operation via Subvastus approach. This study in near future would help surgeons to decide whether a particular patient for knee replacement can be considered for surgery via Subvastus approach ,which is superior in terms of postop – rehabilitation and pain score than conventional approaches. 60 MATERIALS AND METHODS: patients with difculty in walking or pain in knee, requiring replacement are taken in this study from January 2019 to December 2019. DISCUSSION: The study shows that the exposure level for the surgeons gets restricted when the patient is Obese, muscularand one having xed exion deformity of his knee. Recurvatum on the other hand positively related to exposure level , which means patient with knee recurvatum had better exposure level in Tkr via Subvastus approach. Subvastus approach for Total knee re CONCLUSION: placement has benets of early postop recovery and better patient compliance but greater surgical skills of operating surgeon required because of reduced exposure level in surgery and muscle bulk is preserved.
A STUDY ON CLINICAL PROFILE AND LABORATORY PROFILE CHANGES OF ENTERIC FEVER
Authors: Chandra Das Krushna , Jana Debarshi
Published: April 2021

AIM:The aim of the study is to asses study the clinical and laboratory prole. Culture positive & sensitivity pattern of Salmonella enteric and its
response to antimicrobial therapy admitted in SSKM Hospital in Kolkata. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This is a prospective, observational
study of paediatric aged between 5-12 years who are admitted in SSKM Hospital in Kolkata, West Bengal, India during the period of Sep 2016-
Sep2018 the study includes 104 pediatric who were suffering from Enteric fever.RESULT:We found that 22(21.2%) patients had
lymphadenopathy, 83(79.8%) patients had positive widal test (O antigen), 18(17.3%) patients had positive widal test (H antigen) and 42(40.4%)
patients had positive blood culture. According to blood culture, 5(4.8%) patients had S.para typhi and 36(34.6%) patients had S.typhi.
CONCLUSION: Leucopenia, eosinopenia and mildly elevated liver enzymes are common laboratory ndings. Widal is though a good screening
test but has poor specicity for diagnosing culture positive enteric fever cases.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH CONVERSION OF LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY TO OPEN CHOLECYSTECTOMY; OUR EXPERIENCE
Authors: Amlani Heet , Singhal Sakshi , Gupta Neelkamal , K. Mangtani Jitendra
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND:LC has become the gold standard for treating symptomatic cholelithiasis. It is important to keep in mind that the primary goal of LC
is the safe removal of the GB, Therefore conversion to open should not be deemed a failure. Conversion to laparotomy may denitively be
identied with surgical anatomy in difcult dissection or to address intraoperative complications such as bleeding, biliary or bowel injury. Ideally
conversion should be carried out before complication arises Method and material: The present study was done on 100 patients undergoing
laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the Department of General Surgery at Mahatma Gandhi Hospital. Factors(brief history, preoperative
investigation and ultrasound ndings) that could help predict convertion of lap. Cholecystectomy to open were idened and were analysised with
IBM.SPSS statistics software Result: Observation and analysis of all the parameters studied. Total 6 patients out of 100 cases were converted to
open cholecystectomy i.e. conversion rate is 6%. Association of conversion with age was signicant. Association of BMI with conversion rate was
signicant. no signicant association of acute cholecystitis with conversion rate. no signicant association of history of jaundice with conversion
rate. Association of previous abdominal surgery with conversion rate was signicant. Association of wbc count with conversion rate was not
signicant. There was signicant association between GB wall thickness and conversion rate. No signicant association of impacted stone with
conversion rate. No signicant association of pericholecystic uid with conversion rate. Colclusion:In our study signicant correlation was found
between the following parameters and conversion BMI, Previous abdominal surgery and GB wall thickness rest factors were not signicant.
USE OF SLIDENAFIL CITRATE IN CASES OF INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RESTRICTION AT OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF JLNMCH, BHAGALPUR, BIHAR
Authors: Anshu Anshu , Kumari Usha , Jana Debarshi
Published: April 2021

Objective: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is one of the most serious complications of pregnancy. Up to date, there is no evidence of
achieving antenatal treatment of IUGR with abnormal placentation. Although, Sildenal citrate has shown promising results, there are no rm
conclusion till now. The aim of our study is to evaluate the use of Sildenal citrate in the treatment of IUGR cases associated with impaired
placental circulation.
Materials And Methods: this was a prospective non-randomized study conducted at JLNMCH, Bhagalpur, Bihar starting from February 2019 to
January 2020. The studied population included singleton pregnancy and suffering from IUGR associated with impaired placental circulation.
Results: This study included 30 pregnant women. Cases were divided into two groups. The rst group received sildenal citrate and the second
control group did not receive sildenal citrate. After 4 weeks after the 1st dose of Sildenal signicant decrease in umbilical artery Doppler indices.
There was a statistically signicant difference in the mean birth weight at delivery and neonatal admission to the NICU in sildenal group.
Conclusion: sildenale citrate treatment may present a new hope towards better perinatal outcomes for pregnancies complicated by IUGR and
impaired placental circulation that may help to decrease neonatal admission to the NICU.
Raccolte librarie e archivi di persona alla Biblioteca di scienze sociali dell’Università di Firenze: stato dell’arte
Authors: Conigliello Lucilla
Published: April 2021

The text examines the mission of an academic library in order to develop its collections and services, but also to preserve and enhance the archives, donated by professors or associations.
Hydroponic Garlic Production: An Overview
Authors: Ali Muhammad Fraz , Ali Ummar , Jamil Muhammad Ahsan , Awais Muhammad , Khan Muhammad Jazib , Waqas Muhammad , Adnan Muhammad
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Garlic is an important crop growing all around the globe for its nutritional and medicinal purpose. Due to climate change soil production of garlic is affected and thus lower in yield. For improving the yield and increasing the quality of vegetables a new technique was developed is called hydroponic technology.

Review results: In hydroponic, garlic can be produced on condition basis by providing proper nutrition and growth environment including air, light, soilless mediums, and water requirements. Methods like deep water culture, nutrient film technique, drip irrigation, bubble ponics are very common under different soilless mediums which includes organic, inorganic and synthetic. A detailed overview on production technology, nutrition, medium and hydroponic techniques which are discussed in details are given below in this review.
Fertilization the Omission One Test as Determination Limiting Factors for Maize Biomass (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Tampubolon Koko , Azmi Bagus Fitra , Tamba Perdana Andriano , Lestari Ayu Widya , Kamaruddin Kamaruddin , Lestari Eka , Ginting Tommy Suranta
Published: April 2021

Introduction: The research was aimed to obtain information on the impact of omission one test fertilization as a determination limiting factors for the growth and biomass of maize in variety Bonanza F1.

Materials and Methods: The research was located in the experimental field, Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien, Medan from December 2020 until February 2021. The research was applied by Randomized Block Design in non-factorial through fertilization of omission one test that has been converted (urea : SP-36 : KCl = 0.75 : 0.50 : 0.125 g polybag-1). The treatment of this research include P0 = non-fertilization; P1= N+P+K; P2= P+K; P3= N+K; P4= N+P using three replications. The parameters include plant height, leaf growth, total fresh weight, total dry weight, and the percentage of relative yield then processed using ANOVA and continued with DMRT at 5% ± standard error with SPSS v.20 software.

Results: Informed that the omission one test technique significantly improved all the characteristics of maize in the variety Bonanza F1. The highest increase in plant height was found in the N+P of 83.65%, meanwhile, the highest leaf and biomass growth characters were found in N+P+K, ranged of 50.00 to 177.81% and 487.60 to 507.37%, respectively. It was obtained that the limiting factor for the maize growth in variety Bonanza F1 was found in the un-fertilization of nitrogen.
USING Sargassum SEAWEEDS GROWN IN COASTAL AREAS OF SOUTH ASIA, AS COATING MATERIALS AND ASSESSING THE SURVIVABILITY OF MICROENCAPSULATED PROBIOTIC BACTERIA IN DAIRY BASED FOOD PRODUCTS
Authors: Silva Makawita Galabadage Indika Pavithrani , Wickramasinghe Indira , Wijesekara Isuru
Published: April 2021

Purpose of the conducted study was to evaluate the possibility of using underutilized seaweed (Sargassum sp.) to encapsulate prebiotics in dairy food applications. This will enable dairy based industries to utilize local materials instead of imports, whereas direct crude exports of the seaweeds can also be consumed for more valued added purposes. For encapsulation purposes, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum strains were selected. When considering the surviving ability of the two strains of bacteria in 0.5% bile solution and gastric solution followed by intestinal juice and inclusive and non-inclusive of bile salt, it was evident that the strains coated with Sodium alginate from Sargassum provide a positive protection and therefore is foreseen as a better natural solution for probiotic encapsulation in dairy based food products. Extraction and utilization of local seaweeds in South Asia, has not been an exploited area so far, and therefore this research will form a base to formulate probiotics in local dairy industry by using Sargassum seaweed.
ISOLATION AND MORPHOLOGICALLY IDENTIFICATION OF ASPERGILLUS FLAVUS INCIDENCES FROM MAIZE SEEDS IN ABUJA, NIGERIA
Authors: Yusuf Hajara Oyiza , Olu Joshua , Alu A.J. , Anjorin T.S.
Published: April 2021

Food safety and security well implemented could help in making more crops available for consumption. Maize seed is a crop well known to be attacked by fungi such as Aspergillus flavus and reduce its nutrients. This study intends to isolate and morphologically identify the Aspergillus flavus from maize seeds from Abuja, Nigeria. The experimental design was complete randomized design involving untreated yellow (Y) and white (W) maize seeds from7 locations in Abuja, Nigeria. Pure culture of fungal isolate was prepared using Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) and Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA). Isolates obtained were characterized and identified on the basis of their colonial and morphological characteristics which include macroscopic and microscopic examinations. All maize seeds from the Abaji had no fungi incidences in both SDA and PDA, while all maize seeds from the experimental field show fungi incidences in both SDA and PDA. On SDA, the maize color yellow and white had F (2, 6) static values of 7.083 and 0.212 at p=0.129 and 0.941 respectively. For the PDA, white maize seeds and yellow maize seeds from all the locations had F (2, 6) static values of 0.377 and 0.521 at p=0.850 and 0.773. Aspergillus flavus was isolated in this study. The maize seeds from Kuje district and the experimental field 2 show a high incidence records. All growth of the Aspergillus in the two media used were not significant at p>0.05.