bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring UK medical students' views on the inclusion of healthcare and climate change within undergraduate medical education - a national survey
Authors: Oungpasuk Kanapath , Jegatheeswaran Lavandan , Nakhoul Maria , Choi Byung
Published: September 2022

Background
Climate change is increasingly threatening human health. This study aims to establish UK medical students’ opinions on climate change and health outcomes as well as their opinion on the respective medical school curricula inclusion of this topic.
Methods
An online survey consisting of multiple-choice, Likert-scale questions and free text questions was distributed nationally.
Results
206 medical students responded. 173 (84%) and 188 (91.3%) were in agreement that climate change currently impacts health outcomes and it is important for healthcare professionals to be aware of this impact respectively. However, only 39 students were in agreement that they are confident discussing this topic with the patients, with only 38 students reporting environmental health teaching in their school and 15 students subjectively reporting this as adequate. Female students and students aged 40-44 were significantly more likely to agree that their medical school provides adequate education on climate change. 153 (74.3%) believe the inclusion of climate change related health topics should be mandatory during their training.
Conclusions
A majority of UK medical students surveyed, lack the confidence to counsel patients on climate change related health topics and perceive their respective medical school’s curricula coverage of this topic inadequate. This study demonstrates students’ demand and the gap in medical schools’ curricula on climate change related health topics across the UK. With an increasing health threat due to climate change, there is a need to update and evaluate the current medical school curricula.
A study of reliability, validity and development of the teacher expectation scale
Authors: İĞDE Hasan , YAKAR Levent
Published: September 2022

This study aims to develop a ‘Teacher Expectation Scale’ (TES) to accurately and reliably measure teachers' expectations from their students. The development process of TES has an exploratory mixed method research design. The maximum variety sampling method was used when collecting qualitative data for the study, and the simple random sampling method was used for quantitative data. In the study groups of the research, there are 27 teachers for semi-structured interviews, 423 teachers for Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and 750 teachers for Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). For the content and face validity of the scale, six experts' opinions were obtained. A structure consisting of 36 items and 2 factors was revealed, which explains 73.54% of the total variance as a result of EFA. It has been seen that the items contained in TES show high levels of affiliation to the relevant factors and that all items are discriminative. The explored structure with EFA was evaluated using CFA. The following results were obtained when examining the compliance indices of the obtained model: χ²/df=4.53<5; CFI=0.99; TLI=0.99; RMSEA=0.07; SRMR=0.05. From the calculated reliability coefficients, McDonald's Omega (0.98) and stratified alpha coefficient (0.96) for the scale overall and Cronbach alpha coefficient (.98) for the dimensions were obtained. Reliability and validity results, obtained from TES showed that it is a valid and reliable measurement tool with two factors and 36 items. The subject of teacher expectation can be examined in terms of many variables using TES developed in the current research.
Do Islamic banks bear displaced commercial risk? Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Widarjono Agus , Suharto  , Wijayanti Diana
Published: September 2022

The market share of Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia is small despite the fact that Indonesia is a predominantly Muslim country. This paper investigates the asymmetric effect of the deposit rate of conventional banks on Islamic bank deposits in Indonesia applying a dual banking system. This study employs the Non-linear ARDL (NARDL), using monthly data and covering 2009:M1–2019:M7. The findings clearly confirm the long-run relationship between the Islamic deposit and conventional deposit rate for any maturity. Furthermore, the impact of conventional bank deposit rate is asymmetry on Islamic bank deposit for any maturity, implying that Islamic bank deposits react differently to up and down in conventional bank deposit rates, but it tends to weaken for longer maturity. More interestingly, based on asymmetric results, Islamic bank deposits adjust at a higher speed to an increase in conventional deposit rates compared to a rise in the Islamic deposit rates. The results imply that Islamic bank depositors may transfer their funds to conventional bank deposits as conventional bank deposit rates rise in a dual banking environment known as displaced commercial risk (DCR).
AcknowledgmentsThis work was funded by the Centre for Economic Studies, Department of Economics, Faculty of Business and Economics, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia under Grant Number: 164.a/Dir.PPE/VI/2020.
EFFECTS OF CROSSWIND ON THE DRAG OF MEDIUM SPEED TRAINS
Authors: Paramaputera David Prayoga , Tobing Sheila , Andika Matza Gusto
Published: September 2022

Aerodynamic research on medium-speed trains is trying to map the flow of fluid around trains. The train model testing is conducted to study Cd values experimentally using a closed-loop wind tunnel at the Balai Besar Teknologi Aerodinamika, Aeroelastika, dan Aeroakustika. In addition to the experimental method, the computational method can be used to validate the experimental results, map the fluid flow around the train model, and calculate Cd values. The computational results of Cd obtained using ANSYS are compared against Cd values from wind tunnel tests. Further analysis using the ANSYS program with variations in the yaw angle can predict crosswind effects on the train model. It is found that vortices are formed around the train body, and modifying the head shape and adding fairing increases Cd values.
KONVERSI MINYAK BIJI KAPUK MENJADI BIODIESEL MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS CaO/HTC
Authors: Mirzayanti Yustia Wulandari , Udyani Kartika , Cahyaningsih Rizky , Darmawan M. Puguh Tri
Published: September 2022

This research focuses on producing biodiesel through the transesterification process of Ceiba pentandra triglyceride acid using a CaO/Hydrotalcite (CaO/HTC) catalyst. This study aimed to determine the effect of adding catalyst mass, the mole ratio of oil: methanol to biodiesel yield, and knowing the FAME content of biodiesel yield and the highest impact of adding catalyst mass and the ratio kapok seed oil to FFA conversion results. Kapok seed oil was transesterified for 2 hours at a temperature of 65°C. The molar ratio of oil and methanol used is 1:5, 1:10, 1:15, 1:20, and 1:25 (%wt). The catalyst used is CaO/HTC, with 3.0977 grams of CaO and 30.9023 grams of hydrotalcite. The best results for biodiesel yield at the ratio of the oil: methanol molar ratio of 1:15 with a catalyst mass of 1.5% wt, which is 66%, while the best % conversion of FFA is in the ratio of oil: methanol molar ratio of 1:25 with a catalyst mass of 1.5%wt which is 90.674%. FAME content of the yield The highest biodiesel contains C15-C26 carbon chains and is dominated by Linoleic Acid Methyl Ester compounds.
STRUKTUR KRISTAL DAN MORFOLOGI PERMUKAAN – SINTESIS SNO2 MENGGUNAKAN METODE SOL-GEL
Authors: Arini Tri , Lalasari Latifa Hanum , Setiawan Iwan , Andriyah Lia , Natasha Nadia Chrisayu , Yunita Fariza Eka , Suharyanto Ariyo
Published: September 2022

SnO2 oxide powder was synthesized using the sol-gel method. SnO2 oxide powder was produced using a solution of tin(IV) chloride (SnCl4) and 25% ammonia (NH4(OH)) by annealing the final product for 4 hours at 900 °C. The pH variation was carried out at pH 7 and 9. XRD analysis showed that the structure of SnO2 formed was polycrystalline with a tetragonal crystal structure with crystal planes (110), (101); (200), (111), (210), (211), (220), (002), (310), (112), (301), (202), (321), (400), (222 ), (330) wherein the crystal plane (110) has the predominant structure. The crystal size using the Scherrer formula, varied from 56,204 and 54,936 nm for pH values ​​7 and 9. The size using HSP analysis, in the (110) plane the values ​​obtained were 561,594 and 543,901Å for pH 7 and 9. The crystal size decreased with increasing pH. Surface morphology was carried out by SEM analysis, obtained grain sizes of 71.5 and 62.32 nm at pH 7 and 9, respectively. The variation in pH mostly affected the size, shape, and morphology of SnO2.
AERODYNAMIC ANALYSIS IN THE DESIGN OF AN ELECTRIC VEHICLE MODEL TOBACCO STYLE M-164 WITH COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMIC (CFD) METHOD
Authors: Budiprasojo Azamataufiq , Firmansyah Mochammad Reza
Published: September 2022

The aerodynamic aspect is one of the most important things in the automotive sector which is used to find information on the performance of an aerofoil model design. The performance of an aerofoil through streamflow associated with fuel consumption which means the higher the air speed, the greater the resistance received, so that the fuel consumption will be greater. At this case, fuel consumption can be reduced by creating an aerofoil model design that maintain great aerodynamic to minimize drag forces. The affects of streamflow around the vehicle are discussed in this papper. This research simulated 3D electric vehicle Tobacco Style M-164 in steady condition with various velocities, i.e. 50 km/h, 60 km/h, 70 km/h, and 80 km/h. This simulation use the Tethahedron mesh model and run in SST k-omega turbulence model. The affects can be observed with the quantitative and qualitative data. The quantitative data used as measurable data were Maximum Fluid Pressure, Drag Force, and Coefficient of Drag (CD). The quantitative data is shown to provide a better visual explanation of the streamflow affects. The qualitative data shown in this paper are velocity contours, vectors, and pathlines. The value of the maximum fluid pressure and drag force is directly proportional to the increase in velocity stream. The coefficient of drag decreased as the free stream increased with a percentage decrease of 2.48%. The average value of the coefficient of drag (CD) from this research was 0.318.
ANALISIS TEGANGAN PISAU PENCACAH LIMBAH KAKAO DENGAN METODE BEDA HINGGA
Authors: Fahriansyah Fahriansyah
Published: September 2022

One of the vital components of a crushing machine is a crushing blade. Where the crusher blade works and is in direct contact with the cocoa waste to be crushed. Many crushing blades wear out quickly after being used for a short time because the blade material has low strength.The aim of this study was to analyze the blade in the crusher machine used by farmers to handling cocoa waste. The blade usings material of steel by utilizing waste car spring sheets with ASTM A29 steel type which is formed into a crusher blade because the price is cheap and easy to obtain. 3-D finite element design and analysis were carried out using Solidwork software. The blade is given a load variation from 100N - 1000N to determine the value of stress, deformation, and safety factor. The results of the simulation and analysis on the crusher blade show a downward trend starting at a load of 400 N, where the stress is 444,738 N/mm2, the maximum shape change is 3.48066 mm, and the safety factor seems to be low in the red distribution with FOS below 1, which is 0.989347.
REKAYASA DAN UJI PERFORMAN-SI KOMPOR LPG BERTEKANAN DENGAN TUNGKU SERBUK KAYU PADA PRODUKSI GULA KELAPA KRISTAL
Authors: Ritonga Abdul Mukhlis , Mustaufik Mustaufik , Andrian Andrian
Published: September 2022

Crystal coconut sugar is a local Indonesian food product that has enormous potential, not only domestically but also abroad. The temperature and cooking time in the production of ant sugar are things that need to be considered because they are related to the efficiency and quality of ant sugar products. Therefore, the required fuel has a high-efficiency value so as to produce high-quality ants. This study aims to compare the performance and energy efficiency as well as the quality of ant sugar products produced from cooking sap using a pressurized LPG stove with a sawdust-fueled stove. Parameters measured include temperature and production time, production rate, yield, fuel consumption rate, fuel demand, fuel cost, energy efficiency, physicochemical and sensory parameters. The method used in this research is an experimental method with the object of research namely coconut sap. Coconut sap used from coconut plantations in Gandatapa Village. From the data analysis carried out, the results showed that the sap cooked with a pressurized LPG stove had a higher energy efficiency (43.29%) compared to the sawdust-fueled stove (13.83%), but in terms of the quality produced using the stove LPG NPSO and furnace can produce granulated sugar with quality standards according to SNI 01-3743-1995.
STUDI PERANCANGAN KAPAL FERRY RO-RO MODEL KATAMARAN DI PERAIRAN DANAU TOBA
Authors: Samuel Samuel , Pardosi Binart Reynaldo
Published: September 2022

Samosir is an island in North Sumatra which is used as a tourist destination because of the beauty of its lake. Crossing to the island of Samosir requires a ship as sea transportation. Based on data from the Ministry of Transportation, Ajibata Port, the process of crossing vehicles on holidays has been delayed due to a surge in passengers during the high season. The purpose of this research is to design/plan a ship to overcome the accumulation of the number of vehicles in the high season. The method used is the comparison ship method. The number of comparison ships is ten ships of the same type and has met the design criteria as a reference in determining the main size of the new ship. Determination of resistance on this catamaran ferry using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method. The way CFD works is using the Navier-Stokes equation to describe the turbulence model with k-ε using multiphase water and air flows. The stability analysis was based on the conditions of the four different compartments following the IMO requirements. The motion analysis was based on the wave height on Lake Toba following the 1987 NORDFORSK rules. The results of the ro-ro ferry design resulted in the main dimensions of the LPP being 49.26 m long, 14.32 m wide, 2.4 m laden, and 4 m high. 9 m, Cb demihull 0.54 and a speed of 11 knots. The resistance value generated using CFD simulation is 68.8 KN. Based on the resistance value, two main engines of 253.3 HP are used.
THE EFFECT OF SPARK PLUG GROUND ELECTRODE ON SPARK IGNITION ENGINE PERFORMANCE
Authors: Lillahulhaq Zain , Mahmud Rizal , Safiullah Safiullah
Published: September 2022

Motorcycle performance is influenced by many factors, including combustion chamber dimension, fuel characteristic, type of spark plug, spray flame, ignition timing, and the combustion chamber's cooling system to avoid incomplete combustion and knocking processes. The spark plug is an essential component of SIE. Several studies, such as spark plug gap, material type, multiple-ground Electrode, roughness, etc., have been conducted to examine the effect of spark plug modifications on the combustion process. Some previous research investigates the impact of a multiple-ground electrode spark plug in biofuel combustion. However, a study about the effect of multiple-ground electrode spark plugs on the gasoline combustion process has not been conducted. This research was conducted to determine the impact of multiple-ground electrode on Supra 125 cc performance. The data displayed in this study are power, torque, BHP, and BMEP in single, double, and triple ground electrode. The results showed that the double ground electrode spark plug produced better performance than other variations.
ANALISA PENGARUH AERODINAMIKA PADA MARGIN STABILITAS MORTIR LATIH 81 MM DENGAN SISTEM KOMPRESI UDARA
Authors: Imron Akhmad Ali , Widodo Agung Sugeng , Purnowidodo Anindito
Published: September 2022

Mortar is one type of weapon used by Infantry units. One type of mortar that is widely used, especially in technical training, is the 81 mm mortar prototype produced by PT. Pindad, which has a 7.62 mm caliber munitions thruster with an average range of 110 meters. However, this mortar still has unstable aerodynamics. Therefore, this study was conducted to design a safe mortar prototype with a stability margin value, so it can determine the range and improve the troop skills. Computational fluid dynamic simulation was conducted through the ANSYS software to simulate important aerodynamic properties in this study. The angle variation of the barrel in firing used is 450,550 and 650 with compression pressure variation of 16,18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32 bar. Meanwhile, the angle modification of the mortar fin is 330,440,550 and the aerodynamic simulation was carried out at 20, 30, 40 m/s speeds. The results showed that the design of an 81 mm mortar prototype which has a fin angle of 330 at a simulated speed of 20,30,40 m/s, an angle of attack of 450,550, 650 has the smallest drag force and lift force and the smallest number of postive pitch moments, but still has a standard margin of stability of about 1.57-1.81 caliber.
APLIKASI GAS HHO PADA SEPEDA MOTOR INJEKSI DENGAN MODIFIKASI ECU AFTERMARKET (TIMING PENGAPIAN)
Authors: Puspitasari Indah , Wahyudi Noorsakti , Winangun Kuntang , Rofiq Fadil Noor
Published: September 2022

HHO gas is a gas produced from electrolysis, which is the decomposition of an electrolyte using an electric current which produces Hydrogen Gas and Oxygen Gas / Hydrogen Hydrogen Oxygen. The purpose of this study was to determine the application of HHO gas by increasing ignition timing by 3º, 6º, and 9º using an aftermarket ECU on engine performance and injection motor emissions. The method used in this study is an experiment, testing using a dinotest measuring instrument and a gas analyzer. The results obtained are the highest average power value in all tests obtained on the variable use of HHO Gas without variations in ignition timing using an aftermarket ECU of 5.90 HP at 3500 Rpm engine speed, an increase of 0.13% from the conditions of HHO Gas usage and forward time. . ignition of 3º and 6º, an increase of 0.27% from HHO gas usage conditions and a forward ignition time of 9º. Then the highest average torque value from all tests was obtained on the variable using HHO Gas and variations in ignition timing using an aftermarket ECU with an advance of 3º of 14.39 Nm at 3000 rpm engine speed, an increase of 0.29% from conditions using HHO Gas without using Variation ignition timing using aftermarket ECU.
OPTIMASI MULTIRESPON PADA PROSES 3D PRINTING MATERIAL PLA DENGAN METODE TAGUCHI GREY
Authors: Febrian Ronaldo , Tanoto Yopi Yusuf , Filbert Vincensius , Adriel Nicholas
Published: September 2022

The use of manufacturing additives or commonly known as 3D Printing is increasingly widespread. The type of additive manufacturing that is often used is FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling). The most frequently used filament for prototyping and research is PLA (Poly Lactide Acid) type filament. This research will use multiresponse optimization, namely Taguchi-grey. So that later in this study will use 9 conditions with 3 parameters and 3 levels. The parameters used were orientation (0 °, 45 °, 90 °), nozzle temperature (190 °C, 200 °C, 220 °C), and bed temperature (0 °C, 30 °C, 60 °C). The purpose of this study was to find the most optimal parameters based on response time, dimensional accuracy and tensile strength. Based on analysis using Taguchi-grey, ANOVA results show that the most significant contribution is nozzle temperature (51%) and orientation (42%). From ANOVA, it can be seen that the most optimal condition is condition 6 which has been printed, with orientation of 45°, nozzle temperature of 220°C and bed temperature of 0°C.
RANCANG BANGUN KOLEKTOR SURYA TIPE PARABOLIC TROUGH MENGGUNAKAN REFLEKTOR ALUMINIUM TAPE-POLIESTER UNTUK APLIKASI PEMANAS UDARA PADA LEMARI PENGERING
Authors: Robiandi Fadli , Hidayana Silmi , Hafid Hafid , Sastrawan Febrian Dedi , Shoodiqin Dian Mart , Mayantasari Menasita
Published: September 2022

Parabolic trough type solar collector is a potential heating device for use in a dryer. This instrument utilizes radiation or sunlight as a heat source. Generally, solar collector converts solar radiation energy in electromagnetic waves form into heat energy. In this research, a parabolic trough type solar collector had been made using an aluminum tape reflector which was coated with polyester as a protector. In this study, measurements of temperature and humidity in the absorber pipe were carried out, as well as the intensity of solar radiation and wind speed. Based on the reslut of measurement and data processing, it was found that the pattern of increasing the air and absorber temperature followed the pattern of solar radiation’s intensity. In other words, the temperature was directly proportional to change in the intensity of solar radiation. The highest air temperature in this experiment was 51.5 oC and the highest temperature of the absorber pipe was 56.6 oC. Moreover, the wind speed with a value above 0.6 m/s lowers the air temperature in the absorber. The increase in air temperature was inversely proportional to the value of the air humidity in the absorber.
EFEK HOLDING TIME PROSES AKTIVASI TERHADAP STRUKTUR PORI KARBON AKTIF DARI AMPAS KOPI SEDUH
Authors: Dewa Dewa Putra Negara , Made I Made Widiyarta , Tjokorda Tjokorda Gde Tirta Nindhia , Ferdinand Anton S Ferdinand
Published: September 2022

Activated carbon has a high adsorption capacity due to its high porosity. The pore structure of activated carbon is largely affected by the chemical composition of the raw material and the parameters of the manufacturing process. This article aims to determine the pore structure of activated carbon from brewed coffee. The manufacture of activated carbon is carried out in one step of carbonization and activation in the same reactor and furnace. The sample was carbonized by heating to a temperature of 650 ○C, then immediately activated at that temperature by flowing nitrogen with 30, 60, and 90 minutes variations. The resulting activated carbons are marked as K-A30, K-A60, and K-A90 for activation holding times of 30, 60, and 90 minutes, respectively. Then the activated carbon was characterized to determine their proximate composition, morphology, and surface pore structure. The results showed that activated carbon under an activation holding time of 60 minutes (K-A60) had the highest fixed carbon content of 71.67%. Meanwhile, generally, the activated carbon K-A30 has the best pore structure due to it having the highest pore surface area (121.765 m2/g), pore-volume (0.058 cc/g), and nitrogen adsorption capacity (37.692 cc/g) with an average pore diameter of 1.915 nm. This research is urgent because it can convert brewed coffee grounds into activated carbon with such pore structure characteristics and potently applied to various adsorption applications.
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH TANDAN KOSONG SAWIT (TKS) SEBAGAI MATERIAL ALTERNATIF DALAM PEMBUATAN BADAN WAHANA TERBANG TIPE FIXED WING ATHA MAPPER 2150
Authors: Anuar Kaspul , Fatra Warman , Susilawati Anita
Published: September 2022

To improve the application and use value of Palm Oil Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) waste as a composite material, the research team conducted research related to the utilization OPEFB fiber as an alternative material to replace carbon fiber in the manufacture of fuselage of Unmaned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The low price of OPEFB, low of specific density and it’s abundant availability are the basis of research to apply it’s fiber as material of UAV fuselage. This research begins with the processing of OPEFB into fiber through an alkali treatment process. Furthermore, the process of maleated natural rubber as a mixture of resin matrix. Afterward, the fuselage is molded use hybrid fiberglass-OPEFB fiber and resin epoxy that has been mixed with natural rubber. Fuselage of UAV is also molded with material of hybrid fiberglass-fibercarbon. Based on mass measurements, the fuselage of hybrid fiberglass-OPEFB fiber material and the fuselage of hybrid fiberglass-carbon fiber material have a mass of 510 grams and 540 grams respectively. For deflection measurement, fuselage of hybrid fiberglass-OPEFB fiber material has a maximum deflection as 2.01 mm, while the fuselage of hybrid fiberglass-fibercarbon material has a maximum deflection as 1.19 mm. In statis impact test, the two fuselage are able to withstand shock load.
PENGARUH MODE GETAR DAN ASPEK RASIO TERHADAP DISTRIBUSI TEGANGAN PADA FIBER METAL LAMINATES
Authors: Anam Khairul , Purnowidodo Anindito , Utama Tamara F. , Darmadi Djarot B. , Wahjudi Ari , Widodo Agung Sugeng
Published: September 2022

Fiber metal laminates (FMLs) are widely used in various fields such as automotive and aerospace due to their high stiffness and strength-to-weight ratios. Moreover, they also have high fatigue resistance. In some applications such as aircraft structures, it is crucial to do dynamic analysis of the FMLs structure. FMLs compose of aluminium and fiberglass reinforced polymers (FRPs) are used in this study. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of shape mode and aspect ratio on the stress distribution of FML by using finite element analysis software. Ten initial mode shapes and the aspect ratio of 1:1.5, 1:2, and 1:2.5 are used as the environmental conditions of the FMLs. The results indicate that the mode shape will change the stress distribution and the maximum stress position. Besides, the results have shown that a wider FMLs plate will increase the maximum stress and deformation. The maximum to minimum stress distribution occurs on the outer aluminium surface, the inner aluminium surface, and the FRPs surface, respectively.
SIMULASI PERUBAHAN BEBAN PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA UAP: STUDI KASUS DI GORONTALO UTARA
Authors: Teguh Nurdin Hasananto , Darmadi Djarot Bangun , Yuliati Lilis
Published: September 2022

Conceptual and design studies on 25 MW Northen Gorontalo steam based power plant are carried out under the existing comissioning data at four different load. The urgency of this study is related with supporting the prevention of greenhouse gass  emission and completing indonesian power plant energy map. This observation conducted by simulating those condition in Gatecycle  software and analyzing the output parameter to determine the power plant performance specifically heat rate, heat transfer duty, efficiency, power generated and fuel consumption.The study outcomes shows that heat rate at 50% TMCR was increased as much as 50 kcal/kwh as the load ramped down indicating power plant requires more energy to generate similar amount of  power. While the fuel consumption, power, and efficiency proportionally werer increased as the power plant load ramping up. Comparing thirteen equipments heat transfer, condenser was conducting the highest heat transfer duty followed by boiler and first stage of superheater.
RISK OF INJURY COMPARISON BETWEEN REGULAR AND KNUCKLE PUSH-UP BASED ON KINEMATIC PARAMETER ANALYSIS
Authors: Alvin Alvin , Fauzi Moch Fakhrul , Zia Jihad Ibnu , Mukhtar Eldita Fauzi , Putra Eki Dwi Juliansyah , Ferryanto Ferryanto
Published: September 2022

Nowadays, it is difficult to access physical exercise facilities because people spent most of their time at work. Therefore, physical exercises that could be done with less equipment and space are more likely needed, and a push-up is one of them. There are several kinds of push-up which two are regular push-up and knuckle push-up. Both of them differ in hand posture, which carries a different risk of injury. In this research, kinematic parameters of joints on both of the push-up method that was acquired from optical motion capture using 120 fps GoPro camera and six markers were compared to identify which method would lead to a higher risk of injury. From analyzing the elbow joints acceleration, it was observed that the maximum value of both the linear and angular acceleration of knuckle push-up was larger. This means that the elbow joints suffered more load during knuckle push-up, leading to a higher risk of injury.
PERMODELAN INVERSI PEREDAM MAGNET-REOLOGI BERBASIS JARINGAN SARAF TIRUAN UNTUK SISTEM KENDALI
Authors: Alwi Rafly Asprilla , Bahiuddin Irfan , Chazim Ryandhi Rofifu , Winarno Agustinus , Imaduddin Fitrian
Published: September 2022

The application of artificial neural network (ANN) models in magnet-rheological damper modeling is of great interest in recently challenges. Therefore, this study aims to propose a solution to overcome this problem by conducting inverse modeling using an artificial neural network. This inverse model is applied to a meandering magnet-rheological valve damper to predict the current to produce the appropriate damping force. The simulation scheme is selected with current as output and damping force, velocity, and displacement as input. The best model is formulated by varying the architecture of the artificial neural network. The best artificial neural network architecture is obtained after doing these variations. The data is divided into 80% training data, 10% validation data, and 10% test data. The activation function used is a logsig function using three hidden layers with the number of neurons in each layer [30-20-30]. The algorithm used in the chosen architecture is Levenberg-Marquardt. The regression value of 0.991 and the MSE value of 0.001 were obtained from the modeling results. The required damping force is ensured that it can be predicted well using the selected artificial neural network. The test proves that the results of the regression constant are 0.999 and the MSE value is 0.0005 when the current output value is inverted to the damper artificial neural network.
PENGARUH JARAK NOSEL UDARA DENGAN OUTLET TERHADAP DIS-TRIBUSI UKURAN BUBBLE YANG DIHASILKAN OLEH MBG TIPE SWIRL
Authors: Mawarni Drajat Indah , Indarto Indarto , Deendarlianto Deendarlianto , Budhijanto Wiratni
Published: September 2022

This research uses a swirl type MBG (MBG) with the gap variation between the air nozzle and the outlet of 1, 5 and10 mm. In this experiment, we used a tangential inlet of 25 mm and an outlet of 20 mm with a water flow rate of 20 – 70 l/min and an air flow rate range of 0.1 – 0.8 l/min, to determine the characteristics of MBG which include bubble distribution, pressure drop, hydraulic power, and efficiency. The probability of the diameter of the microbubble formed was in the range of 90 – 150 µm for all variations of the air nozzle gap. The larger the incoming water flow rate, the smaller the diameter of the bubbles formed, whereas if the water flow rate decreases, the diameter of the bubbles formed will increase. In contrast to the water flow rate, if the air flow rate increases, the diameter of the bubbles formed will increase, whereas if it decreases, the diameter of the bubbles will decrease. From the signal processing data, information was obtained about the comparison of the pressure drop of the three variations of the air nozzle gap, as follows: The higher the water flow rate, the pressure drop and hydraulic values increase significantly, while for air flow rate, the higher the air flow rate, the pressure drop and hydraulic power values will increase albeit not significantly. As for MBG efficiency, it will decrease significantly with increasing water flow rate and will increase insignificantly with decreasing water flow rate.
Worldwide Evolution of Vaccinable and Nonvaccinable Viral Skin Infections: Google Trends Analysis
Authors: Simonart Thierry , Lam Hoai Xuân-Lan , de Maertelaer Viviane
Published: September 2022

Background

Most common viral skin infections are not reportable conditions. Studying the population dynamics of these viral epidemics using traditional field methods is costly and time-consuming, especially over wide geographical areas.

Objective

This study aimed to explore the evolution, seasonality, and distribution of vaccinable and nonvaccinable viral skin infections through an analysis of Google Trends.

Methods

Worldwide search trends from January 2004 through May 2021 for viral skin infections were extracted from Google Trends, quantified, and analyzed.

Results

Time series decomposition showed that the total search term volume for warts; zoster; roseola; measles; hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD); varicella; and rubella increased worldwide over the study period, whereas the interest for Pityriasis rosea and herpes simplex decreased. Internet searches for HFMD, varicella, and measles exhibited the highest seasonal patterns. The interest for measles and rubella was more pronounced in African countries, whereas the interest for HFMD and roseola was more pronounced in East Asia.

Conclusions

Harnessing data generated by web searches may increase the efficacy of traditional surveillance systems and strengthens the suspicion that the incidence of some vaccinable viral skin infections such as varicella, measles, and rubella may be globally increasing, whereas the incidence of common nonvaccinable skin infections remains stable.
Behavior Change App for Self-management of Gestational Diabetes: Design and Evaluation of Desirable Features
Authors: Kytö Mikko , Koivusalo Saila , Ruonala Antti , Strömberg Lisbeth , Tuomonen Heli , Heinonen Seppo , Jacucci Giulio
Published: September 2022

Background

Gestational diabetes (GDM) has considerable and increasing health effects as it raises both the mother’s and the offspring’s risk for short- and long-term health problems. GDM can usually be treated with a healthier lifestyle, such as appropriate dietary modifications and sufficient physical activity. Although telemedicine interventions providing weekly or more frequent feedback from health care professionals have shown the potential to improve glycemic control among women with GDM, apps without extensive input from health care professionals are limited and have not been shown to be effective. Different features in personalization and support have been proposed to increase the efficacy of GDM apps, but the knowledge of how these features should be designed is lacking.

Objective

The aim of this study is to investigate how GDM apps should be designed, considering the desirable features based on the previous literature.

Methods

We designed an interactive GDM prototype app that provided example implementations of desirable features, such as providing automatic and personalized suggestions and social support through the app. Women with GDM explored the prototype and provided feedback in semistructured interviews.

Results

We identified that (1) self-tracking data in GDM apps should be extended with written feedback, (2) habits and goals should be highly customizable to be useful, (3) the app should have different functions to provide social support, and (4) health care professionals should be notified through the app if something unusual occurs. In addition, we found 2 additional themes. First, basic functionalities that are fast to learn by women with GDM who have recently received the diagnosis should be provided, but there should also be deeper features to maintain interest for women with GDM at a later stage of pregnancy. Second, as women with GDM may have feelings of guilt, the app should have a tolerance for and a supporting approach to unfavorable behavior.

Conclusions

The feedback on the GDM prototype app supported the need for desirable features and provided new insights into how these features should be incorporated into GDM apps. We expect that following the proposed designs and feedback will increase the efficacy of GDM self-management apps.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03941652; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03941652
From Testers to Cocreators—the Value of and Approaches to Successful Patient Engagement in the Development of eHealth Solutions: Qualitative Expert Interview Study
Authors: Jacob Christine , Bourke Steven , Heuss Sabina
Published: September 2022

Background

Research has shown that patient engagement is most commonly done at the beginning of research or to test readily available prototypes and less commonly done in other phases such as the execution phases. Previous studies have reported that patients are usually assigned a consultative rather than a decision-making role in health service planning and evaluation.

Objective

This study had 2 objectives: to better understand the challenges and opportunities in the inclusion of patients in the development of eHealth technologies and ideas on how to overcome the identified gaps and to create a research-based end-to-end practical blueprint that can guide the relevant stakeholders to successfully engage patients as cocreators in all human-centered design phases rather than mere testers of preplanned prototypes.

Methods

Key informant interviews were conducted using in-depth semistructured interviews with 20 participants from 6 countries across Europe. This was followed by a focus group to validate the initial findings. Participants encompassed all the relevant stakeholder groups including patient experts, eHealth experts, health technology providers, clinicians, pharma executives, and health insurance experts.

Results

This study shows that engaging patients in eHealth development can help provide different types of value; namely, identifying unmet needs, better usability and desirability, better fit into the patient journey, better adoption and stickiness, better health outcomes, advocacy and trust, a sense of purpose, and better health equity and access. However, the participants agreed that patients are usually engaged too late in the development process, mostly assuming a sounding role in testing a ready-made prototype. The justification for these gaps in engagement is driven by some prominent barriers, notably compliance risks, patient-related factors, power dynamics, patient engagement as lip service, poor value perception, lack of resources, mistrust, and inflexibility. On the positive side, the participants also reflected on facilitators for better patient engagement; for instance, engaging through engagement partners, novel approaches such as the rise of professional patient experts, embedding patients in development teams, expectation management, and professional moderation services.

Conclusions

Overcoming the current gaps in patient engagement in eHealth development requires consolidated efforts from all stakeholders in a complex health care ecosystem. The shift toward more patient-driven eHealth development requires education and awareness; frameworks to monitor and evaluate the value of patient engagement; regulatory clarity and simplification; platforms to facilitate patient access and identification; patient incentivization, transparency, and trust; and a mindset shift toward value-based health care.
Травматичні ушкодження грудопоперекового переходу. Класифікація Friedrich P. Magerl та співавт.
Authors: Nekhlopochyn O.S. , Cheshuk Ye.V.
Published: September 2022

Грудопоперековий перехід є зоною грудного і поперекового відділів хребта, на яку припадає понад 50 % переломів. Незважаючи на велику частоту ушкодження цієї зони, однозначної уніфікованої тактики терапії потерпілих не розроблено. Одним з найкритичніших чинників, що визначають як загальну стратегію надання допомоги потерпілому, так і тактику хірургічного втручання (за потреби), є патоморфологічна картина остеолігаментозних ушкоджень. При цьому основним інструментом стандартизації та уніфікації тактичних підходів є класифікація ушкоджень. Оскільки грудопоперековий перехід анатомічно належить до грудного та поперекового відділів, ушкодження цієї зони характеризують відповідно до класифікацій, які застосовують для ушкоджень зазначених відділів. Однак низка біомеханічних особливостей грудопоперекового переходу визначає тактику, відмінну від такої при ідентичних типах травматичних змін інших відділів. У цій серії публікацій розглянуто сучасні та найчастіше використовувані класифікації з метою визначення алгоритму, за допомогою якого на підставі запропонованих класифікаційних категорій можна було б обрати оптимальну тактику лікування постраждалих. Розглянуто класифікацію, запропоновану в 1994 р. F. Magerl та співавт., яка протягом тривалого періоду була стандартом при характеристиці травматичних ушкоджень грудного і поперекового відділів хребта. Класифікація ґрунтується на принципі двох опорних колон хребта. Для її розробки автори використали клінічний матеріал 1445 постраждалих. В основі класифікації лежать три основні типи ушкоджень — компресійний, дистракційний і ротаційний. Кожний тип поділяється на групи та підгрупи. Для низки підгруп передбачена деталізація. Окрім детального огляду класифікації, розглянуто основні параметри, що сприяють або запобігають застосуванню аналізованої системи ранжування в клінічній практиці. Велика увага приділена проблемі відтворюваності результатів, а також впливу додаткових чинників на вірогідність визначення характеру ушкодження. Установлено, що класифікація надає вичерпну характеристику для всіх можливих посттравматичних патоморфологічних змін та має доведене біомеханічне підґрунтя. Така деталізація може бути важливим інструментом при визначенні тактики терапії саме грудопоперекового переходу, оскільки високі вимоги до жорсткості фіксації зумовлені значним навантаженням на цю зону та особливостями біомеханіки, що потребує подальшого вивчення, оскільки аналіз літератури не виявив чіткої схеми терапії цих травм.
Аналіз результатів вібраційної терапії іммобілізаційних контрактур у пацієнтів після позасуглобових переломів верхньої кінцівки
Authors: Tyazhelov O.A. , Fishchenko V.O. , Karpinska O.D. , Karpinsky M.Yu. , Khasawneh Ayham Adli Mohammad
Published: September 2022

Актуальність. Стабільність і конгруентність є важливими передумовами ефективного функціонування ліктьового суглоба. Ліктьовий суглоб є одним з найбільш рухливих суглобів тіла і відіграє велику роль у точному позиціонуванні верхньої кінцівки у просторі й забезпеченні координованих рухів кисті. Ліктьовий суглоб дуже вразливий і схильний до посттравматичного й післяопераційного обмеження рухів. Показання до лікування контрактур або обмеження рухів у ліктьовому суглобі відносні й залежать від оцінки пацієнтами функціонального дефіциту. Будь-яке задане обмеження рухливості може мати різні наслідки для різних людей залежно від дискомфорту й бажаного рівня активності. У роботі розглянуто вплив низькочастотної вібрації і постізометричної релаксації на контрактуру ліктьового суглоба, що виникла внаслідок тривалої іммобілізації після хірургічного втручання, пов’язаного з позасуглобовими переломами плечової, променевої і ліктьової кісток, а також виростка плечової кістки. При всіх травмах не було ушкоджень тканин суглоба. Матеріали та методи. Проаналізовано результати вібротерапії двох груп пацієнтів. І група пацієнтів — термін обмеження рухливості суглоба від 21 до 45 діб. ІІ група пацієнтів — термін обмеження рухливості ліктьового суглоба від 90 до 180 діб. Пацієнтам проводили курс вібротерапії тривалістю 14–15 сеансів по 10 хв. Вимірювання обсягу рухів (розгинання/згинання) проводили до і після кожної процедури. Частота вібраційного впливу становила 20 Гц. Результати. Для розробки іммобілізаційних контрактур ліктьового суглоба поєднали метод низькочастотного локального вібраційного впливу з вправами з елементами постізометричної релаксації. Проведений аналіз даних вібротерапії показав, що пацієнти, у яких контрактури сформувалися після короткої (до 1,5 місяця) іммобілізації, краще відповідають на вібраційну розробку, приріст розгинання становить близько 50 % від початкового рівня, обсяг згинальних рухів збільшується до 30 %. У пацієнтів з контрактурами після тривалої іммобілізації понад 3 місяці розробка йде дуже повільно, досягнуті обсяги рухів дуже далекі від нормальних. Приріст згинання/розгинання в ліктьовому суглобі не перевищує 20 %.Висновки. Низькочастотна локальна вібраційна розробка рухів у ліктьовому суглобі й розтягувальні вправи з елементами постізометричної релаксації є прогресивним методом розробки іммобілізаційних контрактур, у тому числі застарілих. Дані процедури в більшості випадків не приводять до нормалізації обсягу рухів, але дають поштовх до подальшого відновлення класичними методами механо- і фізіотерапії. Низькочастотна вібрація є тим механізмом, який запускає процеси відновлення, тому доцільно починати її якнайшвидше після припинення лікувальної іммобілізації. Дана робота є першою в комплексному дослідженні впливу вібрації низької частоти на відновлення іммобілізаційних контрактур.
Karakterisasi Delapan Galur Harapan Sorgum Manis (Sorghum bicolor  L. Moench.)
Authors: Utami Indah Putri , Supriyanta Supriyanta , Fatmawati Fatmawati
Published: September 2022

Karakterisasi delapan galur harapan sorgum manis (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench.) hasil pemuliaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Serealia dilaksanakan pada Februari hingga Juni 2018 di Kebun Percobaan Tridharma Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. Percobaan ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai keragaman karakter morfologi dan agronomi delapan galur harapan sorgum manis, serta memperkirakan kemiripan karakter antar galurnya. Perlakuan yang diberikan berupa galur sorgum manis, yaitu SRM 11-2, SRM 42-3, SRM 47-1, SRM 48-1, SRM 51-2,  SRM 52-3, SRM 70-1, dan SRM 71-2, dibandingkan dengan dua varietas yaitu Numbu dan Super 1. Percobaan disusun dengan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan empat ulangan. Tanaman ditanam dengan jarak 75 x 20 cm pada petak percobaan berukuran 3 x 5 meter. Diamati sebanyak sepuluh tanaman perpetak sebagai sampel. Data kuantitatif dianalisis variansnya menggunakan uji anova dan diuji lanjut dengan uji HSD Tukey pada taraf 5%. Dari percobaan yang dilakukan, menunjukkan adanya keragaman karakter morfologi pada delapan galur harapan sorgum manis yang meliputi karakter warna hipokotil, warna biji, bentuk malai, kepadatan malai, tinggi tanaman, umur berbunga 50%, dan umur panen. Nilai heritabilitas karakter agronomi berkategori ‘sedang’ untuk diameter batang (0,41) dan kadar gula nira (0,36), dan berkategori ‘tinggi’ untuk karakter tinggi tanaman (0,94), umur berbunga 50% (0,67), dan umur panen (0,78). Berdasarkan analisis kemiripan, delapan galur harapan sorgum manis terbagi dalam lima kelompok besar berdasarkan kemiripan karakter di antara galur-galur.
Persilangan Backcross 2 (BC 2) Galur Harapan Padi Hitam/Jeliteng//Jeliteng
Authors: Husna Arifah - , Nandariyah Nandariyah - , Yuniastuti Endang - , Sakya Amalia Tetrani
Published: September 2022

Beras hitam saat ini mulai populer sebagai pangan fungsional seiring dengan kesadaran akan pentingnya kesehatan. Namun, beberapa kendala budidaya mempengaruhi minat petani dalam memproduksi beras hitam, seperti umur tanaman yang panjang, kerentanan terhadap WBC, dan produksi yang rendah. Persilangan dapat dilakukan untuk membentuk tanaman baru dengan sifat yang diinginkan. Metode silang balik digunakan untuk memperbaiki varietas yang sudah mempunyai karakter yang baik, tetapi kurang unggul pada beberapa karakter. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memperoleh hasil persilangan backcross 1 dengan tetua (Padi Hitam Jeliteng) sehingga dapat dihasilkan benih generasi backcross 2 untuk dilanjutkan pada backcross generasi berikutnya. Metode persilangan yang digunakan adalah persilangan balik antara 6 nomor (BC1GH8; BC1GH13; BC1GH44; BC1GH46; BC1GH51; BC1GH52) hasil persilangan BC1 antara galur-galur potensial galur padi hitam/Jeliteng//Jeliteng yang disilangkan lagi dengan salah satu tetua, yaitu varietas Jeliteng. Seluruh data hasil pengamatan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan hasil pada variabel umur berbunga, masa pengisian bulir gabah, dan persentase keberhasilan persilangan. Persilangan backcross 2 menghasilkan keturunan F1 Backcross 2 yang bersifat fertil dan dapat digunakan sebagai tetua untuk persilangan backcross generasi berikutnya. Rata-rata persentase keberhasilan dari keseluruhan hasil set persilangan backcross 2 adalah 44,18%. Penelitian ini diharapkan memperoleh hasil persilangan backcross 1 dengan tetua (Padi Hitam Jeliteng) sehingga dapat dihasilkan benih generasi backcross 2 untuk dilanjutkan pada backcross generasi berikutnya.