bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spin-glass dynamics in the presence of a magnetic field: exploration of microscopic properties
Authors: Paga I , Zhai Q , Baity-Jesi M , Calore E , Cruz A , Fernandez L A , Gil-Narvion J M , Gonzalez-Adalid Pemartin I , Gordillo-Guerrero A , Iñiguez D , Maiorano A , Marinari E , Martin-Mayor V , Moreno-Gordo J , Muñoz-Sudupe A , Navarro D , Orbach R L , Parisi G , Perez-Gaviro S , Ricci-Tersenghi F , Ruiz-Lorenzo J J , Schifano S F , Schlagel D L , Seoane B , Tarancon A , Tripiccione R , Yllanes D
Published: March 2021

The synergy between experiment, theory, and simulations enables a microscopic analysis of spin-glass dynamics in a magnetic field in the vicinity of and below the spin-glass transition temperature T
g. The spin-glass correlation length, ξ(t, t
w; T), is analysed both in experiments and in simulations in terms of the waiting time t
w after the spin glass has been cooled down to a stabilised measuring temperature T < T
g and of the time t after the magnetic field is changed. This correlation length is extracted experimentally for a CuMn 6 at. % single crystal, as well as for simulations on the Janus II special-purpose supercomputer, the latter with time and length scales comparable to experiment. The non-linear magnetic susceptibility is reported from experiment and simulations, using ξ(t, t
w; T) as the scaling variable. Previous experiments are reanalysed, and disagreements about the nature of the Zeeman energy are resolved. The growth of the spin-glass magnetisation in zero-field magnetisation experiments, M
ZFC(t, t
w; T), is measured from simulations, verifying the scaling relationships in the dynamical or non-equilibrium regime. Our preliminary search for the de Almeida–Thouless line in D = 3 is discussed.
The effect of inquiry learning model and logical mathematical intelligence on the learning outcomes of high school students
Authors: Herawati A , Astra I M , Supriyati Y
Published: March 2021

This research aimed to determine the differences in student learning outcomes through the Inquiry learning model, to see the influence of the interaction between learning models and logical-mathematical intelligence on student learning outcomes, and to find out differences in student learning outcomes through the inquiry learning model in the logical-group mathematical intelligence high and low. The research was conducted at Public High School 2 in South Tangerang City with a sample of 74 students consisting of 37 students in the experimental class and 37 students in the control class. This study used the quasi-experiment method and the research design was treatment by level 2x2. Based on the research results obtained by data analysis and hypothesis testing, it can be concluded that: (1) there are differences in the learning outcomes of students when given the inquiry learning model; (2) there is an interaction effect between inquiry learning models and logical-mathematical intelligence on student learning outcomes; (3) the learning outcomes of students who are taught with the guided inquiry learning model are higher than those taught with the self inquiry learning model in both the high and low logical-mathematical intelligence groups.
Study in determining of junction point value for shifting measurement method on line scale calibration in SNSU BSN
Authors: Alfiyati N , Kartika N L , Nugraha A R
Published: March 2021

Calibration of line scale in the National Standards Measurement-National Standardization Agency in Indonesia (SNSU-BSN) is carried out by using one dimensional measuring machine (SIP machine) which traceable to the laser interferometer or laser interferometer itself. Although line scale calibrated using laser interferometer, the system needs SIP machine as linear movable carriage and SIP table as the base on line scale. Length measurement of the SIP machine covers only up to 400 mm and for line scale above 400 mm, measurement can be extended to 1000 mm using shifting methods. When the scale is shifted, the position of the last point of previous measurement might not be on the same position, even though it has been well alignment for the second measurement. There is an error due to a junction between position scale on the first measurement to the second measurement. This error is added to the uncertainty budget as a junction point error because of the shifting. This paper described how to determine an appropriate value that should be attached on the uncertainty budget. It was found the error value of junction point due to shifting method in line scale calibration is 0.42 µm and the expanded uncertainty of line scale calibration for 1000 mm is 2.5 µm.
Localization of scalar field on f(R, T) thick Robertson-Walker brane
Authors: Rohman M T , Triyanta
Published: March 2021

The braneworld model provides a solution to the hierarchy problem in cosmology. Based on its thickness, braneworld models are classified into a thin brane model (RandallSundrum (RS) and the RS-like models) and a thick brane model. The thin brane model has a problem according to the zero-width brane and some fields localization. Meanwhile, thick brane is quite good in explaining fields localization and there is no problem related to brane thickness. In this article, we re-examine the thick brane in a modified gravity, that is f(R,T) gravity. The equation of motion for the y-dependence scalar field and the f(R,T) field equation for a conformally flat brane and Robertson-Walker brane are derived. We also investigate the localization of scalar field on the f(R,T) thick brane, for a specific f(R,T) form. As the results, the formulation of Robertson-Walker thick brane is obtained. It can be reduced and has similarities to the previous f(R,T) brane consideration. It has a possibility to trap the field ϕ(y) in a thick brane with specific conditions of brane’s scale factor. It was shown that the expanding or contracting universe affects the localization conditions of the scalar fields.
I-V characteristic of Poly(dA)-poly(dT) DNA molecule: the role of internal electric field
Authors: Yudiarsah E
Published: March 2021

The effect of an internal electric field built up along the Poly(dA)-poly(dT) DNA molecule on the electron transport in the molecule has been studied. The electric field dependent electron hopping amplitude has been used in the tight-binding Hamiltonian model of a Poly(dA)-poly(dT) DNA molecule. Green’s function technique is used in calculating electron transmission probability, which is then used for computing current as a function of voltage by employing the Landauer-Büttiker formalism. It is observed that the internal electric field can cause the current decreases with voltages. The current reaches its maximum at a lower voltage as the internal electric field increases.
Structure and optical properties study of annealed CuO films for development of perovskite-based solar cells
Authors: Cahyono Y , Ramadhanti S , Fatimah S , Rasmianti  , Dewi Y N K , Asrori M Z
Published: March 2021

Synthesis and growth of CuO films have been carried out to be used as constituent materials for perovskite-based solar cells. The film was made using a spin-coating and heat treatment sol-gel method with variations in temperatures of 400 °C, 500 °C, and 600 °C, each for one hour. CuO films were then characterized using UV-Vis, XRD, and FTIR. The analysis was carried out to determine the effect of annealing temperature on the absorbance, thickness, gap energy, crystal size, crystallinity, and functional group bonds of compounds found in CuO films. In general, there is a decrease in thickness, and energy bandgap, as the annealing temperature is increased. Conversely, the absorbance, the mean grain size, and crystallinity increased as the annealing temperature was increased. The increase in grain size is one of the causes of decreasing energy bandgap when the annealing temperature is increased. Annealing treatment increases absorbance in the visible and the near-infrared spectrum (photons with lower energy levels). This is very advantageous as solar cell material. CuO film is planned to be used as a tandem for Barium Titanate (BaTiO3) to form a solar cell system.
Curve splitting analysis of synthetic MT data to identify permeable zone at geothermal field “X”
Authors: Rosid M S , Ghufron E
Published: March 2021

The permeable zone is one of the important parameters in the geothermal system. Its existence is influenced by fractures or faults generated within the geothermal reservoir. Due to the continuous influence of both high temperature and pressure, reservoir rocks are stressed and tend to cause a fracture. Unfortunately, some fractures are generally not continuous to the surface, so that geological data are not able to map out the presence of this structure. While the presence of the fracture zone greatly facilitates fluid mobility in the reservoir including heat transfer from the heat source convectively. Mapping the presence of a subsurface fracture zone is not easy. The study aims to identify the existing fracture zone through curve splitting analysis of MT data (magnetotelluric). The data used here is synthetic MT data. The fracture zone is a heterogeneous zone and anisotropy for EM waves. Splitting TE and TM curves will happen when the MT wave passes through this zone. The analysis of curve splitting provides depth penetration value. Therefore, the existence of fault as the cause of curve splitting can be mapped. From the results of forward modelling, the curve splitting approach can map very well the existence of the subsurface fault. For medium/rock resistive, the deviation of its dip value is only 1.36%. When the rock medium is highly conductive the deviation of its dip value up to about 3.48%. This is due to the absorption of EM waves by the conductive layer so that it is not effective in mapping the underlying layer.
Reservoir identification at Dieng geothermal field using 3D inversion modeling of gravity data
Authors: Rosid M S , Sibarani C
Published: March 2021

It was well known, the reservoir is one of the important parameters in a geothermal system. In general, a geothermal reservoir can be characterized as a graben structure with low to moderate rock density relative to its surroundings. Dieng is a geothermal field that is located in Banjarnegara and Wonosobo regency, Central Java province. The existence of a geothermal system in Dieng is identified by the appearance of surface manifestations such as crater and hot spring. This study was conducted to identify reservoir zones in the Dieng geothermal field using gravity data. To justify the location of reservoir rock, subsurface structure analysis using derivatives analysis which is the First Horizontal Derivatives (FHD) and Second Vertical Derivatives (SVD) method is done. The subsurface structure has an important role as the recharge and discharge zone of the geothermal system that aims towards and leaves the reservoir rock. Three-dimension inversion modeling is also applied because it is more objective and appropriate with the real condition rather than the forward method. The result of this study shows that ten structures are identified by the derivative analysis. The structures are dominated by normal faults. There are identified two grabens that are indicated as the two separated reservoirs in the South and center of the Dieng geothermal field. The results are verified by both geology and magnetotelluric data which have different characteristics and both reservoirs are separated by a low resistivity igneous rock that has been altered with the thermal effect of the surrounding reservoir.
Photoproduction mechanism for charged reaction of K*A with nucleon
Authors: Putra A W , Salam A , Fachruddin I
Published: March 2021

The photoproduction of vector meson K*(892) on the nucleon has been investigated in the framework of the effective Lagrangian model by utilizing the Feynman diagram of the lowest orders in calculating the transition amplitudes. Beside the Born and the contact terms, we consider the Σ*(1780) as an additional hyperon resonance alongside with the Σ*(1385) in the M-channel. It is found that the Σ*(1780) has remarkable effects in the backward scattering region where there are still discrepancies between the theoretical predictions and the experimental data.
Effectiveness of using computer aided detection based on convolutional neural network for screening microcalcification On USG Mammae
Authors: Nasution N , Prajitno P , Soejoko D S
Published: March 2021

Breast cancer is a very common cancer in women, affects millions of women each year, and is also one of the leading causes of cancer deaths among women. Early-stage cancer detection can reduce breast cancer mortality significantly in the long term. Breast ultrasound is a cost-effective and widely available screening tool. Breast ultrasound can be used for women who are at high risk of developing breast cancer but cannot undergo MRI examinations or for pregnant women who should not be exposed to X-rays, and also for women who have dense breast tissue. Although ultrasound is considered to be used for breast screening, its use is highly dependent on the doctor’s experience in reading the images. Therefore, to diagnose breast cancer using ultrasound images automatically can use computer assistance, namely Computer-Aided Detection (CADe). This study discusses a deep learning-based CADe system, namely the convolutional neural network (CNN), CNN is desired to evaluate several ultrasound images to make a microcalcification diagnosis. Microcalcifications are fine white spots, similar to grains of salt. They are not usually cancer, but certain patterns can be an early sign of cancer. Detecting microcalcification using CNN can be used as a routine breast screening, which can help doctors find signs of breast cancer earlier than is currently possible. The best MSE(Mean Squared error) loss value obtained is achieved at 0.24 with an accuracy of 0.76.
Estimation of main and total effect of PBPK parameters in Meningioma patients
Authors: Ittaqa A N , Pawiro S A , Riana A , Misrawati  , Mas’udi L D H A , Hardiansyah D
Published: March 2021

This study aims to identify the most important parameters in the Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model of Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy (PRRT). By knowing the size of the contribution of physiological parameters to the PBPK model, it can reduce the variability of the absorbed dose (AD) in organs at risk, such as the kidney and tumor between individuals. The small variability has the potential to increase the accuracy of planning individual radionuclide therapy treatments. This study uses the extended Fourier Amplitude Sensitivity Test (eFAST) Global Sensitivity Analysis method, the best variance-based global method in analyzing the PBPK model. A whole-body PBPK model that has been developed for treatment planning in PRRT therapy for meningioma patients (n = 7). The parameters of interest analyzed were organ receptor densities Rdens, organ flows f, organ release rates, and peptide binding rate. AD as the desired output from the eFAST algorithm by calculating Si
and STi
from each AD Kidney and AD Tumor. All parameters of interest are converted into the lognormal distribution. The sampling strategy based on eFAST sampling, the interference factor is equal to 4. To see the convergence of the convergence value of Si
and STi
, a simulation was performed with a total evaluation of 129, 257, 513, 1025, 2049, 4097, and 8193. The results of the simulation, inter-individual variability of tumor AD (coefficient of variation CV up to CV = 73%) was higher than that organ at risk (e.g. kidneys CV around 22%). Based on GSA analysis, the most important parameter determined the AD of tumors, tumors receptor density (Si
= 0.8, S
Ti
= 0.93), kidneys AD was kidneys receptor density (Si
= 0.66, STi
= 0.71). After validating Si
by fixing every parameter considered important, the results can reduce the CV of the kidney AD from 22% to 1%, with a decrease in CV presentation of around 95%. CV AD tumor 1 was reduced by 68% from CV 44% to 14%, and CV in tumor AD 2 from 72% to 17% with a reduced CV presentation of about 77%. It was concluded that receptor measurement is important because it can improve the accuracy of radionuclide therapy treatment.
Local wisdom in Lombok island with the potential of ethnoscience for the development of learning models in junior high school
Authors: Hikmawati  , Suastra I W , Pujani N M
Published: March 2021

This study aims to describe local wisdom on the island of Lombok that has the potential for ethnoscience to develop a learning model at Junior High School. This research uses a qualitative approach. The data collection method is done by using observation, interview, documentation, and literature study. The results showed that local wisdom on the island of Lombok that has the potential for ethnoscience is Sasak Sade Village, Bau Nyale Tradition, Sesek Weaving, Gendang Beleq, and Poteng Reket. Sasak Sade Village has a traditional house using certain sizes, namely length (Sedepa), width (Sesata), and height (Sprunjung). The Bau Nyale tradition is the hunting tradition of Nyale (sea worms). Sesek Weaving has various motifs and philosophies, various preparation processes, weaving and finishing processes to traditional waste utilization. Gendang Beleq is a traditional musical instrument made of animal skin and the two sides are closed, when it is hit the sound will bounce off the other side and go through a damping process so the resulting sound will sound smoother. Poteng Reket is a conventional biotechnology product. This local wisdom that has the potential for ethnoscience can be utilized in the development of learning models, especially in science subjects at Junior High School.
Analysis of the subsurface minerals of Bantimurung-Bulusaraung National Geopark: Leang Lonrong Cave in Maros-Pangkep regencies based on its characteristics of rainfall intensity
Authors: Arsyad M , Palloan P , Malago J D , Suharna A
Published: March 2021

Leang Lonrong Cave with underground river flowing in it is located in Maros-Pangkep karst area known with a high level of annual rainfall. That condition affects the surrounding environment including water discharge and subsurface mineral types. This study aims at analyzing the impact of rainfall on sub-surface mineral types around the area of Leang Lonrong Cave. The data used are rainfall intensity of Tondong Tallasa, Bungoro and Ballocci stations in 2015-2019 which are analyzed using Oldeman and Schmidt-Ferguson methods to find out the characteristics of rainfall occuring in Pangkep Regency. As for water discharge in June 2020 and rock resistivity data, they are examined using geo-electric method by Wenner’s through IP2Win and Res2DinV. The results of this study show that the area is dominated by wet months in November to April with rainfall intensity above 100mm per year and dry months which generally occurring in July to September where the others are considered as humid months with low water discharge flows in dry months. Moreover, the subsurface minerals are dominated by groundwater, clay and sand with resistivity extends from 0 to 27Ωm.
Computational investigation of deploying microtabs on airfoil wortmann FX63-137
Authors: Wiratama I K , Yudhyadi G N K , Sayoga M A , Ramdani M A
Published: March 2021

Flow on the airfoil with deploying microtabs was performed to investigation aerodynamic performance airfoil modified with microtabs. Computer Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulation has already been conducted to study the effects of heights deploying tab to the aerodynamic performance characteristics of airfoil sections. The aim of this study was performed to determine the effect of tab heights under variations of angle of attack againt the behaviour of stall airfoil and determine the effect of tab heights on the lift coefficient (CL) and drag coefficient (CD) on tab heights of 1.1% C, 2,2% C and 3.3% C for upper and lower surfaces airfoil. The angle of attach airfoil was from -4° to 32° with interval 20. From the results of CFD simulations showed that the addition of microtabs on the airfoil Wortmann FX63-137 for the lower surface had the effect of increasing the lift force and lift coefficient, the increase occurred consistently and stall occurred at an angle of 26° for tab heights of 1.1% C and 2,2%C while the tab height of 3.3% C a stall occurred at an angle of 20°. For upper surface, microtabs caused a decrease in lift force and stalls occurred at angle of 22° for all tab heights. The drag coefficient also increased under the increasing angle of attack with highest value was at tab height of 1.1% C of 2.542 and an angle of attack of 280, while on the lower surface the largest drag coefficient was at a tab height of 3.3% C of 2.73.
Viewing buoyant force as an application of principle of minimum potential energy
Authors: Sabaryati J , Utami L S , Hasanah A W , Viridi S
Published: March 2021

Principle of minimum potential energy (PMPE) as one of the fundamental concept in physics and engineering will be used in this work to explain the phenomenon of buoyancy, why object with lower mass density can float on fluid with higher mass density, while object with higher mass density can sink in fluid with lower mass density. Before that some examples in mecahnics, e.g. object with different vertical position, object on incline, object with spring moving in vertical direction, and final condition of seesaw-like system, will be discussed to show the consequence of PMPE. Then, in the system of solid object and fluid, including the surrounding fluid with the object and treat them as a whole object or system we can easily show that the floating or sinking phonomena are simply a state where system potential energy is miniumum (both object and fluid). For simplicity, the theoretical demonstration will only use the form of block, where the other form, e.g. cylinder, sphere, cone, irregular form, are the matter of geometry difficulty only. Students engagement to the topic has not been performed but the instrument is proposed for future work.
Synthesize of CdS nanoparticles using liquid-gas method
Authors: Suryajaya  , Habibah  , Husain S , Haryanti N H
Published: March 2021

In this paper, Cadmium Sulfide (CdS) nanoparticles (NPs) was synthesized using Liquid-Gas method. After CdCl2 mixed with surfactant in liquid phase, the mixture was exposed to S2 gas from brimstone. The solution changes color to yellow which means that the CdS NPs semiconductor has been formed. It was approved by the blue-shifted of the absorption spectra of CdS colloid solution then the size (radius) of CdS NPs would be determined by using the Efros equation. The radius yielded was about 2 nm. FTIR result also confirmed the CdS bond at 509 cm−1.
Microstructure study of bismuth oxyiodide thin film prepared by SILAR dip coating
Authors: Abdul-Manaf N A , Azmi A H
Published: March 2021

Bismuth Oxyiodide (BiOI) has been recognized as a suitable candidate of non-toxic material to replace lead in perovskite solar cells without reducing its performance. BiOI has been synthesized and deposited using modified successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) dip coating method at room temperature on the microscope glass, as a substrate. The microscope glass was dipped consecutively in 0.1M of bismuth(III) nitrate pentahydrate (BiNO3)2.5H2O diluted in nitric acid (HNO3) and 0.05M of potassium iodide (KI) in 50 ml deionized water. This process has been repeated for 30 times and finally the sample was dripped and dried in air. The sample was annealed at various annealing temperature from 350, 400, 425 and 450oC, for 1 hour. The physical observation, morphological and thickness of BiOI thin films have been characterized using field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and surface profiler, respectively. From the physical observation, the as deposited BiOI thin film shows a thick layer with dark orange colour. The colour of the film changed to the orange-yellow after annealed at 350oC for 1 hour. It was observed that the film become more yellowish with increasing annealing temperature. SEM images demonstrated that the BiOI thin films have flakes morphology structure with the grain sizes around 1μm. The flakes agglomerates and formed a flower platelet. The agglomeration increased with higher annealing temperature and finally shattered when the BiOI was annealed at 450oC.
Influences of low dose gamma radiation on hardness and microstructure properties of green solder joint
Authors: Yusoff W Y W , Lehan N F N M , Sobri N S , Ahmad K Z K , Jalar A , Rahman I A
Published: March 2021

Microelectronic packaging is frequently used in almost every application involving radiation-related industry. In the present work, the effect of the low dose gamma radiation on hardness and microstructural properties of Sn3Ag0.5Cu solder was explored using triboindenter test and optical microscope. The solder paste was placed onto the printed circuit board utilizing stencil printing method and reflow soldering process. The solder samples were exposed to the gamma irradiation with various low doses (from 5 to 25 Gy). Prior to indentation test, the sample undergoes the standard metallographic procedure. The hardness properties were determined through indentation test while the microstructureof the sample was observed using an optical microscope. In this study, indentation technique was used to understand the evolution of hardness properties of solder sample subjected to gamma radiation. The results show that the hardness increased after exposure to gamma radiation. However, the hardness decreased as the increment of radiation dose. Exposure to the gamma irradiation resulted the microstructure instability of solder joint which increases the intermetallic compound layer and reductionin the properties of hardness.
Studying of loss energy For Protons And alpha particle in the polymers C2H4, C12H22O2N2and C43H38O7
Authors: Hussien Ahlam Habeeb , Tarkhan Widad Hamza
Published: March 2021

In this research the electronic stopping power was calculated theoretically by use modified Bethe-Bloch theory(Bloch’s, Barkas and shell corrections). Protons and alpha particle loss energy were calculated in the polymers (C2H4, C12H22O2N2 and C43H38O7) at energy range of [0. 3-1000] MeV, The equations were programmed by using (MATLAB) language. The calculations were compared with the practical results of the SRIM 2013 There is some Simple difference between practical and theoretical results. the effect of Bloch is the highest in consistency with the practical results and the Shell correction and Barkas correction values are convergent, but they move away at the practical values from the beginning of the period to the range of approximately 10MeV.
Investigation on μ-opioid receptor in Sera of Iraqi Male addiction Tramadol or Methamphetamine
Authors: Sabah Rulla , Al-Kazazz Fatin F. , Al-Ameri Salam A.H.
Published: March 2021

In Iraq, Drug addiction especially on Methamphetamine, (Meth); common name Crystal, and Tramadol (Tra) has increased after the year 2003. It becomes a dangerous issue, due to their multi dangerous negative effects on the health, economic, social for human, finally, it causing death. The aim of the present study is too sought out and to investigate the μ-opioid receptor (MOR) in Sera of Iraqi Male Addiction Tra or Meth. To do this, the work enrolled on 180 heavy smokers Iraqi male individuals at aged range 15-43 years (from January 2018 to December 2018) they were classified to 3 groups: G1 who were healthy control; G2 who was addicted on Meth with a dose ranged (1 - 5.0 gm for duration 1 -5 years); G3 who were addicted on Tra with an average dose (2 - 5.0 g) for duration 1 -5 years. The addiction individuals were admitted to Ibn-Rashid Hospital in Baghdad city to get the treatment. The MOR Concentration was determined by ELISA Technique while the drug level in the serum was determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The results showed a highly significant decrease (p<0.0001) in the level of MOR of the two addicted groups in comparison with the healthy group, especially those who addicted to Meth more than the others who addicted to Tra. Also the results also showed a strong negative correlation between MOR and dose (r = - 0.9022, - 0.8989) and duration of addiction (r = - 0.8989, - 0.8809) the serum of G2, G3 from the above results, The biochemical factor MOR can be used as a good marker to identify and follow up the addicted person.
Electrochemical Performance Enhancement Zinc Cobaltite-Reduced Graphene Oxide for Next Generation Energy Storage Applications
Authors: AbdAli Noor Hussien , Al-Rubaye Shaymaa Hadi , Rabee Bahaa H , Abass Kalid Haneen
Published: March 2021

Recently, metal oxide decorated reduced graphene oxide based nanosheets have gained much attention because of their widespread applications in electrochemical energy storage devices, particularly in supercapacitors. Motivated by this, in the present study, zinc cobaltite-reduced graphene oxide ZnCo2O4-rGO (reduced graphene) nanoporous arrays were developed directly on a Ni foam piece by using a specific hydrothermal method, which is simple, cost-effective, and facile and followed by a process for annealing purpose. The nanocomposite of the as-prepared ZnCo2O4-rGO involves ZnCo2O4 wrapped in conducting rGO sheets in order to maintain short distance for the ion diffusion process, stable structural integrity, and pathways for percolating electron conducting. As a result, this nanocomposites displays an impressive overall electrochemical performance, such as a promising capacitance (1242 F g-1 )at a current density of 2 A g-1) and remarkable cycling stability (92% capacitance retention after 10000 charge-discharge cycles at 2 A g-1). The device showed highest energy density of ∼32W h kg−1 at a power density of 1252 W kg−1The feasible design presented in this paper delivers a good synergism between the ZnCo2O4 and rGO that providing superior electrochemical performance.
Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activity Studies of Cadmium (II) Complex Derived from Azo Ligand 2-[2\-(5-Bromo Thiazolyl) Azo]-5-Dimethyl Amino Benzoic Acid
Authors: Jaber Sudad A. , Kyhoiesh Hussein A. K. , Jawad Sajjad H.
Published: March 2021

This study focuses on the synthesis of the 2-[2\-(5-bromo thiazolyl) azo]-5-di-methyl amino benzoic acid (5-BrTAMB) and Cd(II) coordinate complex. Diazotization by 2-amino-5-bromo thiazole and mixation by an alkaline alcohol solution of the 3-dimethyl amino benzoic acid. Various analytical techniques, including 1H-NMR, mass spectral, FT-IR spectra, UV-Vis, elemental analysis (C.H.N.S), measurement of electrical conductivity, magnetic susceptibility, TGA, XRD data and SEM spectra support azo ligand structures and their metal complex. The ligand is the trident N, N, O donor and forms the ML2 [metal-ligand] stoichiometry complex. Cd(II)-complex is found to have exhibited octahedral geometry. The ligand and its metal complex were screened against A. Niger for their antifungal activity and antibacterial activity against S. Aurores and E. Coli.
Coefficient Estimates and Some Properties for Class of Uniformly Convex Functions
Authors: Mouajeeb Emad Kadhim
Published: March 2021

This paper defines a new class of convex functions. We obtain certain geometrical properties, such as: like, coefficients estimates, integral means closure theorem, Hadamard product and arithmetic mean.
Baer and Quasi-Baer Gamma Modules
Authors: Kamil Mubarak Mohammad , Al-Saadi Saad Abdulkadhim
Published: March 2021

In this paper we present the concept of (Quasi-) Baer Gamma Module, and as in the class of rings and modules, we provide that : (1) An Γ − ring
R is right nonsingular and right (FI-extending) extending if and only if R is (Quasi-) Baer and right cononsingular. (2) An R
Γ − Module
M is (FI-extending) extending and (FI-K-nonsingular) K-nonsingular if and only if M is (Quasi-) Baer and K-(FI-K-cononsingular) cononsingular. (3) Any direct summand of a (quasi-)Baer R
Γ-module is (Quasi-)Baer.(4) The endomorphism Γ − ring
S = End(M) of (Quasi) Baer R
Γ − Module
M is (Quasi) Baer.(5) If M be retractable R
Γ − Module. Then the endomorphism Γ − ring of M, S, is (Quasi-) Baer if and only if M is a (Quasi-) Baer. Furthermore, other results are introduced.
Using Trust Region Method with BFGS Technique for Solving Nonlinear Systems of Equations
Authors: Dwail Hasan H. , Shiker Mushtak A. K.
Published: March 2021

The major aim of this paper is to find a solution for systems of non-linear equations, a new method is suggested by combining the trust region method (TRM) with BFGS technique, which will help us to find the solution of the non-linear system in less time and less effort, by using BFGS in a new equation based on [Xiangrong Li, Bopeng Wang & Wujie Hu]. Then the convergence of the new algorithm was provided and also calculate the numerical results. By comparing the suggested method with three other methods in terms of time, functions evaluation and number of iterations, the numerical result will tell us that our method is the best.
Prediction of Chemical Oxygen Demand from The Chemical Composition of Wastewater by Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Saleh Basim Ahmed , Kayi Hakan
Published: March 2021

In our era, many technical applications are being used. Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) as one of the artificial intelligence tools have emerged to learn and discover a model of dynamic nonlinear. In this study, six input parameters were taken to predict the value of the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) in the wastewater before and after the treatment at the North Gas Company/Kirkuk, by using the standard back propagation algorithm. The network was trained with the 150 data collected from the quality indices of the untreated and treated wastewater, such as total chloride ions Cl-, nitrate ions NO3
−, phosphate ions PO4
−3, sulfate ions SO4
−2, ammonia NH3, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) to predict one element, that is the COD. After properly training of the neural network, it was tested by using the test data, and the best results were selected by the consideration of the mean square error and the regression coefficient, where the best result appeared before wastewater treatment is 0.98235 and the best result after wastewater treatment is 0.99999. The findings of this study suggest that artificial neural networks are accurate and effective tools for predicting the COD values of treated wastewater.
Design and Implementation of Real Time Health Care Monitoring System Based on IoT
Authors: Abed N. J. , Hussein Ehab Abdulrazzaq
Published: March 2021

Patient health monitoring is an important and rapidly growing field, nowadays with opportunities for advancing technologies; many researchers have come up with different designs for patient healthcare monitoring systems according to technological development. The proposed business plan consists of various devices such as web-based sensors or mobile-based applications that communicate over the network and make the system he builds to monitor and record patient medical data and health information more efficient. A health system has been designed consisting of sensors and monitoring devices capable of collecting medical data from patients and then transmitting them via the Internet to specialist doctors in order to accurately assess the patient’s health status. Currently, the Internet of Things (IoT) in healthcare is the most important part that provides better patient health monitoring and makes doctors and hospitals work better and less difficult. This scheme aims to develop an appropriate monitoring system that provides better medical service to patients as well as patients who live in remote areas where there are no hospitals close to their residential areas by connecting them via the Internet in order to collect data related to their health through devices capable of recording the patient’s heart rate and percentage Oxygen in the patient’s blood and temperature.
The Scientific Research Impediments According to The Viewpoint of Karbala University Academics
Authors: Mohammed Nibras Talib , Mohammed Enas Ali , Abutiheen Zinah A.
Published: March 2021

Given the importance of scientific research, which has become very crucial in this era and an important task for the university professor. Scientific research has an advantage for the university professor in rising the annual evaluation degree and in promoting to a higher academic rank and many others. In addition, it contributes in increasing the degree of evaluation of the department in the faculty as well as growing a university rank. There are a number of obstacles facing the university professor on the personal level and on the organizational level. This study attempts to determine the type of obstacles that a university professor faces as a scientific researcher, and suggests effective solutions and recommendations that assist boosting the number of annual researches for the scientific researcher. A questionnaire was constructed, with a total of (24) items based on previous studies, divided into four dimensions approved for its construction on several available studies. This research presented a section of them. The questionnaire was applied to a random sample of (143) individuals, faculty members at the University of Karbala. The results indicated that highest average for the obstacles are the personal obstacles with a relative importance of 2.90, followed by the data-related obstacles with 2.5, then the administrative obstacles with 1.96 and the last financial obstacles with 1.40. Several strategies can be applied to develop scientific research. the results of the study indicated that the most important ways to develop it from the viewpoint of faculty members were to provide the necessary financial support to finance research procedures, provide financial rewards in exchange for publishing research, provide modern references, cooperation between colleagues of faculty members in conducting research Joint, the university’s participation in global databases, increasing cooperation between the university and the concerned authorities in scientific research (such as ministries, institutions, and companies).
Theoretical Properties of Ni2Ti alloys Studied :by Gaussian 09 Program
Authors: Taha Dukra Kamal , Hilal Israa Hadi , Jabbar Rashid Hashim
Published: March 2021

The results obtained from theoretical calculations using the Gaussian 09 program using density functional (DFT) theory through calculated each of structural, electronic, thermal, and mechanical properties such as Poisson’s ratio, Young’s modulus, and shear modulus from the elastic constants calculated for Ni2Ti. Also, that prepared these alloys and tested on people of both sexes to learn how important it is to improve orthodontic treatments and found that the results obtained in experimental and theoretical compatible to some extent.
Generalizing Uniform Distribution Using the Quantile Function
Authors: Hussein Sarmad Rahman , Al-Kadim Kareema Abad
Published: March 2021

A New Distribution in this paper was derived. The generalization of the uniform distribution using the quantile function of the T-X family depends on the reliability of the exponential distribution, then the quantile function reliability function. We studied the properties (moment s, some reliability analysis, moment generating function, quantile and median, order statistics, entropy). Then estimate the parameters using the maximum likelihood method.
The Bipolar-valued of Fuzzy Ideals on AT-algebra
Authors: Hameed Areej Tawfeeq , Ali Saba Hussein , Flayyih Rusul Ahmed
Published: March 2021

We introduced the bipolar-valued fuzzy subset to AT-algebras. We gave the concepts of bipolar fuzzy on AT-subalgebras, AT-ideals and strongly AT-ideals of AT-algebras and prove their generalization s. Furthermore, we discuss the relation between bipolar fuzzy of them.
Classical Methods to Estimate the Parameters of Exponentiated Weibull Distribution
Authors: Ali Aseel H. , Al Kanani Iden H.
Published: March 2021

In this article the Exponentiated Weibull distribution with some of its properties is considered. Classical methods, Maximum likelihood estimator method, ordinary least squares estimator method and rank set sampling estimator method are proposed to estimate all the unknown parameters (β,Ψ,θ) of the distribution. Newton–Raphson method is used to solve the above three methods, simulation procedure is used to generated some sample sizes and finally mean squares error measure are used to compare between them. We find Maximum likelihood estimator method has the smallest mean square error.
New Programmatic OTP Algorithm
Authors: Kadum Sahar Adill , Kadum Jawad Shaimaa Mehdi
Published: March 2021

The huge improvement in the field of data innovation and the web presentation to a surge of infringement to go around and take data, the earnest requirement for the development of information assurance advancements and information encryption procedures. A new Programmatic OTP Algorithm using an unsystematic key generation for ciphering plaintext presented in this paper. This method, based on create randomly a number (n) called add number, where the plaintext characters converted to a binary form and splits into equal parts according to n value with 2n ciphering keys generated. The keys will be distributed on these parts to get ciphered text. Accordingly, one of these keys its generation number will be set for all different n’s. The different n’s occurred Consecutively to the number of characters consist the plain message unlike the traditional OTP algorithm. This method characterized by a facility that the same generated key can produce different ciphering text using 2n probability. The proposed methodology has been proved as perfect ciphering method compared with OTP using statistical tests
An Application Comparison of Two Negative Binomial Models on Rainfall Count Data
Authors: Hashim L. H. , Dreeb N. K. , Hashim K. H. , Shiker Mushtak A. K.
Published: March 2021

Counts data models cope with the response variable counts, where the number of times that a certain event occurs in a fixed point is called count data, its observations consists of non-negative integers values {0,1,2,}. Due to the nature of the count data, it is generally considered that response variables do not follow normal distribution. Therefore, because of the skewed distribution, linear regression is not an effective method for analyzing counting results. And hence, the use of the linear regression model to analyse count data is likely to bias the outcomes, “Negative binomial regression” is likely to be the optimal model for analyzing count data under these limitations. Researchers may sometimes count more zeros than expected. Going to count data with several Zeros gives rise to the “Zero-inflation” concept. In health, marketing, finance, econometrics, ecology, statistical quality control, geographical and environmental fields, data with abundant zeros is common when counting the incidence of certain behavioural and natural events, such as the frequency of alcohol consumption, drug consumption, the amount of cigarettes smoked, the incidence of earthquakes, rainfall, etc. The Negative Binomial, “Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial” (ZINB), and “Zero-Altered Negative Binomial” (ZANB) models were used in this paper to analyse rainfall data.
Using a New Projection Approach to Find the Optimal Solution for Nonlinear Systems of Monotone Equation
Authors: Dreeb N. K. , Hashim L. H. , Hashim K. H. , Shiker Mushtak A. K.
Published: March 2021

There are many algorithms are used to solve systems of nonlinear monotone equations with various advantages and disadvantages, including the line search algorithm, trust region algorithm, projection algorithm and others. In this paper we used a new projection algorithm to solve these systems. The projection methods are considered one of the effective free derivative methods to solve systems of nonlinear monotone equations. The framework of this method is that the current iterate is separated strictly from the solution set of the problem in each iteration by a suitable hyperplane which constructs by the new algorithm. Then, in order to determine the new approximation, the current iteration is projected on this hyperplane. The global convergence of the proposed algorithm is proven under standard assumptions. The numerical results showed that the suggested algorithm is very efficiency and promising.
Mathematical Programming Computational for Solving NP-Hardness Problem
Authors: Alridha Ahmed , Al-Jilawi Ahmed Sabah
Published: March 2021

In this paper we will introduce a new approach for solving K-cluster problem which is one of the NP-hardness problem, in combinatorial optimization problems. In addition, P is NP-hardness if and only if the polynomial time of each NP problem is reduced to P. Actually, our study was focused on the two methods which is Penalty and Augmented Lagrangian methods base on the numerical result. Moreover, we tested the K-cluster problem and found the Augmented Lagrangian Method faster than Penalty method. Finally, our research is not just focus on the numerical computational but also improving the theoretical converges properties.
Qausi-Copulas on Orthomodular Lattice
Authors: Al-Adilee Ahmed , Nouri Adel Hashem
Published: March 2021

One of the possible mathematical systems to represent non-compatible random events is a quantum logic. In this paper, we propose and illustrate function called quasi-copula on an orthomodular lattice (briefly QO-copula). Also, we compare such function to its classical definition. Finally, we present several relations and calculations that involve QO-copula and its relationship to a function known by s-map, which has firstly been presented by [4].
Development and Characterization of Al-15%Mo Binary Alloys
Authors: Bouhamla Khedidja , Gharbi Amel , Ghelloudj Oualid , Debili Mohamed Yacine , Remili S.
Published: March 2021

In this work, a binary Al-Mo alloy was made from aluminum and molybdenum elementary powder. The carefully homogenized samples were mechanically compacted to obtain a pastille of circular cross section (Φ=15 mm X 10 mm) under a load of 10 tons. Subsequently, the Al-Mo sample was melted in a high-frequency induction melting furnace. The resulting sample was polished and etched with a Keller reagent.

The sample was subjected to metallographic observation on an optical and scanning electron microscope. An EDS analysis was performed on the different areas of the microstructure. A diffraction X-ray characterization was also performed in order to identify the different existing phases. This study showed that the studied alloy presents a microstructure with needle-like and plate-like precipitations of different sizes homogeneously distributed and randomly oriented. The EDS microanalysis showed the presence of the Al-5Mo phase and an alpha aluminum matrix with a proportion of molybdenum. X-ray diffraction revealed the presence of several AL-Mo phases’ namely alpha aluminum, molybdenum, Al12Mo, Al8Mo3 and Al3Mo.
Effect of Austenitizing Temperature on The Structural Evolution of Hot Forged Steel Grinding Balls
Authors: Bouhamla K. , Gharbi A. , Ghelloudj O. , Mebrek A. , Chouchane T. , Remili S.
Published: March 2021

This paper reports the influence of heat treatment temperature on the microstructural changes that may occur in an XC38 forged steel grinding ball. Three austenitizing temperatures (870°C, 950°C and 1150°C) were used and a tempering at 250 °C followed by air cooling was carried out. Optical and scanning electron microscopies, as well as X-ray diffraction, were performed to investigate the microstructure and phase of the different samples. Microstructural analysis using the Rietveld method was conducted to access, for each temperature, the type and proportion of phases as well as crystallites size and microstrain. The obtained results were compared to those recorded on as forged steel. The effect brought by the variation of the austenitization temperature was well highlighted by the obtained results. The nature and proportion of microstructural phases were significantly affected by the increase of the austenitization temperature which was in favour of the increase of martensite content in a mixed microstructure consisting of bainite and martensite. A rising amount of martensite is noticed, with the increase of temperature, at the expense of the bainite content. An effect was also noticed on phase’s proportions, microstructural parameters, crystallites size and mircostrain.