bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Selective magnetic resonance imaging of antibiotic-resistant bacteria leveraging ATP-binding cassette sugar transporter-responsive probes
Authors: He Yao , Zhu Mengna , Zhao Yadan , Zhang Jiawei , Wang Pengcheng , Zhang Jialiang , Zhao Yingying , Lu Xing , Song Bin , Wang Houyu
Published: January 2025

Current magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods often fail to differentiate bacterial infections from nonbacterial inflammatory conditions because of their poor specificity. To address this limitation, we synthesized two MRI probes that exploit bacterial-specific ATP-binding cassette (ABC) sugar transporters for the selective delivery of manganese porphyrin-based nanoparticles into antibiotic-resistant bacteria. These probes were synthesized via click chemistry by coupling azide-functionalized maltotriose with alkyne-modified manganese hematoporphyrin, which formed self-assembling nanoparticles. Our studies revealed ~ 65% probe uptake in gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, with negligible uptake (~ 1%) in ABC transporter-deficient mutants. The probes demonstrated high longitudinal and transverse relaxivities (up to 11.56 mM⁻¹s⁻¹ and 102.0 mM⁻¹s⁻¹, respectively), enabling ultrasensitive MRI detection of human-derived methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli at concentrations as low as 10⁶ CFU. In murine models, the probes differentiated bacterial nephritis from nonbacterial inflammation and visualized bacteria within tumour tissues, outperforming clinically used gadolinium-based agents. This study provides a promising approach for precise magnetic resonance imaging of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections in deep tissues.
A three-dimensional histological cell atlas of the developing human brain
Authors: Mitra Partha , Jayakumar Jaikishan , Sivaprakasam Mohanasankar , Verma Richa , Bota Mihail , Joseph Jayaraj , Mulay Supriti , Kumutha Jayaraman , Sriniva Chitra , S Suresh , S Latha , Kumar Harish , Bhaduri Aparna , Nowakowski Tomasz , Roy Prasun , Savoia Stephen , Bannerjee Samik , Tward Daniel
Published: January 2025

The human brain is believed to contain a full complement of neurons by the time of birth together with a substantial amount of the connectivity architecture, even though a significant amount of growth occurs postnatally. The developmental process leading to this outcome is not well understood in humans in comparison with model organisms. Previous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies give three-dimensional coverage but not cellular resolution. In contrast, sparsely sampled histological or spatial omics analyses have provided cellular resolution but not dense whole brain coverage. To address the unmet need to provide a quantitative spatiotemporal map of developing human brain at cellular resolution, we leveraged tape-transfer assisted serial section histology to obtain contiguous histological series and unbiased imaging with dense coverage. Interleaved 20μ thick Nissl and H&E series and MRI volumes are co-registered into multimodal reference volumes with 60μ isotropic resolution, together with atlas annotations and a stereotactic coordinate system based on skull landmarks. The histological atlas volumes have significantly more contrast and texture than the MRI volumes. We computationally detect cells brain-wide to obtain quantitative characterization of the cytoarchitecture of the developing brain at 13-14 and 20-21 gestational weeks, providing the first comprehensive regional cell counts and characterizing the differential growth of the different brain compartments. Morphological characteristics permit segmentation of cell types from histology. We detected and quantified brain-wide distribution of mitotic figures representing dividing cells, providing an unprecedented spatiotemporal atlas of proliferative dynamics in the developing human brain. Further, we characterized the abundance and distribution of Cajal-Retzius cells, a transient cell population that plays essential roles in organizing glutamatergic cortical neurons into layers. Together, our study provides an unprecedented quantitative window into the developing human brain and the reference volumes and coordinate space should be useful for integrating spatial omics data sets with dense histological context.
Distinct Phosphorylation Mechanisms as Dynamic Switches for Hsp90 Regulation
Authors: Huang Chengdong , Wan Chanjuan , Zhu Lei , Wang Simin , Zhang Xueqing , Zhao Jun , Qu Xiaozhan
Published: January 2025

Phosphorylation, a critical post-translational modification, modulates protein function on demand without altering the genetic code. In Hsp90, an essential ATP-dependent molecular chaperone, phosphorylation plays a pivotal regulatory role, though the mechanisms underlying this regulation are not fully understood. Using solution NMR spectroscopy, we examined the conformational dynamics of Hsp90 at atomic resolution throughout its chaperone cycle. Our findings reveal distinct, phosphorylation-specific pathways that regulate Hsp90 activity. The phospho-mimetic mutation T115E induces widespread structural and dynamic perturbations across the N-terminal domain, enhancing flexibility while destabilizing key conformations. In contrast, T36E causes localized dynamic changes without significant structural perturbations, potentially disrupting the optimal conformational sampling required for efficient ATP hydrolysis. These distinct yet convergent pathways reshape the chaperone's dynamic landscape, enabling fine-tuned activity regulation. Our study underscores Hsp90's intrinsic plasticity in ATPase activity and establishes phosphorylation as a critical modulator within its functional network.
Accuracy Assessment of Derived Ortho-photo Using Drone-Based Survey
Authors: Ijaware Victor Ayodele , Nzelibe Ifechukwu Ugochukwu , David Micheal Deji
Published: January 2025

The increasing use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) equipped with Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) for generating orthophotos has highlighted the need for comprehensive accuracy assessments. This study assesses the accuracy of orthophotos derived using RTK survey drones and compare them with other remote sensing sources. The research focuses on a selected area of Federal University of Technology Akure (FUTA) in Ondo State, Nigeria, and employs a high-resolution RTK-enabled drone, DJI Phantom 4 RTK, to capture images with optimal image overlap. Ground control points (GCPs) are measured using high-precision RTK GPS, and the orthophoto is generated using photogrammetric software. The accuracy of the orthophoto ịs evaluated by comparịng the derịved coordịnates of the GCPs wịth the coordịnates obtaịned from the GNSS survey usịng Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The results show that the orthophotos derived using RTK survey drones exhibit high horizontal accuracy, with a low Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.039cm value indicating minimal positional errors while that of other source is 0.216cm. The results indicate that RTK-equipped drones offer substantial improvements in positional accuracy and efficiency, reducing the need for extensive ground control points (GCPs) and post-processing steps. These findings underscore the potential of RTK technology to streamline surveying workflows, particularly in inaccessible or hazardous terrains. The study concludes with recommendations for optimizing RTK drone operations and suggestions for future research directions. The study contributes to the body of knowledge in UAV-based photοgrammetry and remοte sensịng, valịdating the efficacy οf RTK technology in achieving high positional accuracy in orthophotos.
Application of MRI 3 D reconstruction of anal fistula in the standardized training of anorectal residents
Authors: LI Yikun , Yao Yibo , Zhang Shijie , Weng Feiyang , Ma Kai , Wang Chen
Published: January 2025

Objective: To explore the practical application effect of MRI 3D reconstruction technology of anal fistula in anorectal teaching.
Methods: 30 doctors who received standardized resident training in the anorectal department in Longhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January to June 2024 were selected as the research subjects. According to the order of entry, randomly divided into control group and 3 D group, 15 physicians in each group. The control group read only the two-dimensional images of the anal fistula MRI, and the 3 D group read both the two-dimensional MRI images and the 3 D reconstruction model. The two groups watched the imaging data of the same 10 patients with anal fistula, and compared the reading ability of doctors (the correct rate of fistula structured report, the time spent by reading), and the physician self-evaluation (the difficulty of reading, the help of 3 D reconstruction model).
Results: In the report of fistula structure: internal and external mouth location of fistula, AGA classification, Parks classification, presence of branch duct, rectal scrotal sac / vaginal fistula, The accuracy of the 3 D group was higher than that of the control group (p <0.01); 3 D group average reading time 239.89s, The 409.28s was significantly shorter compared with the control group (p <0.01); The 3 D group had less self-rated of difficulty (p <0.01), And 73.08% of the doctors thought that the 3 D reconstruction model was very helpful for the reading film (73.08% was helpful), The main manifestations in the anal fistula fistula direction, fistula classification and whether there is a branch tube is more obvious.
Conclusion: The three-dimensional reconstruction technology of anal fistula MRI can significantly improve the MRI reading ability of resident doctors in the standardized training of anorectal department, shorten the reading time, cultivate the spatial thinking ability, and improve the clinical teaching effect of anorectal department.
Cell-free Long Noncoding RNAs as Potential Biomarkers in Bone Marrow and Cerebrospinal Fluid Samples of Paediatric B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia
Authors: Almási Laura , Szabó Rita Oláhné , Péterffy Borbála , Horváth Ágoston , Novák Nikolett , Pálóczi Krisztina , Csanádi Krisztina , Egyed Bálint , Kovács Gábor T. , Semsei Ágnes F. , Kutszegi Nóra , Hegyesi Hargita , Erdélyi Dániel J.
Published: January 2025

In paediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL), bone marrow (BM) minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring is well standardised but requires invasive sampling, while cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) assessments for central nervous system (CNS) infiltration remain unreliable. This study investigates extracellular long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) as potential biomarkers for B-ALL. BM, peripheral blood (PB), and CSF samples from B-ALL patients under 18 years were fractionated to isolate cell-free components. An 89-target lncRNA screening panel was developed through a literature review. RNA isolation methods were optimised, and screening was conducted on cell-free BM samples from 11 patients at days 0 (diagnosis) and 33 (remission) of induction therapy. Using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR), we analysed five selected lncRNAs in body cell-free CSF. Five lncRNAs—LINC01013 (p = 0.007), AC002464.1 (p = 0.013), AC002454.1 (p = 0.035), BX293535.1 (p = 0.006), and LINC00958 (p = 0.036)—were significantly overexpressed in day 0 cell-free BM samples compared to day 33 remission samples. These lncRNAs were detectable by ddPCR in BM and PB samples but not in CSF. Extracellular lncRNAs show promise as less invasive MRD biomarkers in BM and PB. However, low CSF concentrations limit their use for monitoring CNS infiltration.
Correlation between clinical medication and adverse transfusion reactions
Authors: Zhou Enxiang , Luo Yanwei , Li Guocai , Liu Fengxia
Published: January 2025

Objective The topic was to study the link between clinical medication and adverse transfusion reactions.Methods Patients who received transfusion were selected to include 461 cases as study subjects to study the association between clinical medication and adverse transfusion reactions.Results Analysis yielded the following results: 1. Adverse transfusion reactions were most common in the form of allergic reactions, followed by FNHTR(P < 0.001).2. The incidence of adverse transfusion reactions was highest in patients with plasma transfusion, at 57.23% (P < 0.001).3. There may be a greater correlation between drug adverse reactions and that of transfusion adverse reactions. 4. The incidence of adverse transfusion reactions was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the group with phenylethylamide, which was only 73.8% of that in the unadministered group; the incidence of adverse transfusion reactions in the group with glucocorticoids and vasoactive medications was significantly higher (P < 0.05), which was close to 172.2% and 138.5% of that in the unadministered group, respectively.Discussion There is a link between clinical medication and adverse transfusion reactions, with the most significant relationship being with the use of glucocorticoids and vasoactive drugs, which can lead to an increased probability of adverse transfusion reactions.
Evaluation of AES-256 Encryption and Machine Learning for Securing GSM Communications against Sniffing Attacks
Authors: Hussein Zaid Ali , Naser Omer Abdulhaleem
Published: January 2025

Long notorious as one of the most popular mobile communication standards to be found around the world, the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) has been in widespread use for a long time now. A GSM network has been designed to have security in mind but there is still a large number of security threats to the GSM network including GSM sniffing attacks. GSM attacks rely on the weaknesses in the encryption protocols, such as A5/1, and A5/2 which can be brute forced to succeed. Sensitive data including voice calls, text messages, and location information are at great risk of interception by unauthorized parties and vulnerabilities. This research examines GSM network vulnerabilities, sniffing attacks, and the boundaries of conventional encryption protocols. This analyzes current mitigation strategies and further presents advanced countermeasures, such as mandating the use of AES 256 encryption that offers a more powerful defense against brute force attacks. It also investigates the use of machine learning for real-time detection of sniffing attacks. However, machine learning algorithms can detect unusual network activity and allow timely intervention to prevent unauthorized access. The implications of these attack methodologies and performance metrics are also included in the study, along with a complete analysis of different mitigation strategies and their performance to enhance GSM security. Increasing threats motivate the research to enhance the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of GSM communications.
CYP2D6 allele frequencies and copy number variants in Chinese Han population: a large retrospective study
Authors: Sun Qixuan , Luan Yueyao , Tong Binliang , Duan Liguang , Wang Jiaqi , Yan Yuhang , Chen Chaoli , Lun Yang , Yu Jing , Zhao Yuanyuan , Zhao Mengqiang , Zhou Chunhua
Published: January 2025

Objectives
This study aims to disclose the distribution characteristics of CYP2D6 polymorphisms among the Han population and provide essential data to support the future development of pharmacogenomics.
Methods
This study retrospectively analyzed the genetic data of 6,964 patients with mental disorders who received CYP2D6 gene testing at the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University from March 2021 to August 2024.The initial phase of the experiment entailed the genotyping and copy number determination of CYP2D6, which were performed, respectively, using an Agena MassARRAY Assay and target-specific TaqMan® real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) Assays.
Results
Among the 6,964 Han Chinese patients, the allele frequency of *10 was the highest (65.84%), followed by *36 (39.10%) and *5 (8.26%). In the phenotype distribution, the proportion of normal metabolizers (NM) was the highest (60.20%), followed by intermediate metabolizers (IM, 38.31%), while ultrarapid metabolizers (UM, 0.86%) and poor metabolizers (PM, 0.63%) were relatively less. The proportion of complete deletion of the CYP2D6 gene was 0.57%, the proportion of single copy was 13.96%, the proportion of double copy was 83.41%, and the proportion of triple or more copies was 2.31%.
Conclusions
The occurrence of CYP2D6 Copy number variations (CNVs) in the Han Chinese population was comprehensively analyzed in this study, and provide essential data to support the future development of pharmacogenomics. Detecting CNVs is also a critical phase in the process of CYP2D6 genotyping.
Characteristics of femtosecond laser pulses propagating in atmospheric scattering media with spherical and nonspherical particles
Authors: KEJIN ZHANG , QINGWEI ZENG , LEI LIU , SHUAI HU , LIZHI YANG , QIANG CUI , TAICHANG GAO , JIFANG MENG
Published: January 2025

To explore the propagation of ultrashort laser pulses in real atmospheric scattering media like fog and cloud, the influences of nonspherical and spherical particles on the propagation properties of 800 nm femtosecond laser pulses at different initial powers (Pin/Pcr = 100, 50, 10) were simulated with the stratified medium model developed based on the T-matrix method. The results indicated that the scattering properties of different particles indirectly influence the evolution of the laser intensity and the plasma concentration at a different propagation position z. For the same initial incident power, the intensities in the cylindrical particles were always higher than those in the spherical particles and the ellipsoidal particles due to the former weaker scattering attenuation. Additionally, as the energy of the incident pulse increases higher, the beam transmitted in the cylindrical particles gradually splits into distinct multifilament structures, while the fluence of the filament in the spherical particles and the ellipsoidal particles evolved into an irregular shape. Accordingly, the influences of the nonspherical and spherical particles on the filaments were obviously different.
Differential effects of lifestyle interventions on continuous glucose monitoring metrics in persons with type 2 diabetes: a randomized cross-over trial
Authors: de Hoogh Iris M. , Snel Tim , Kamstra Regina J.M. , Krone Tanja , de Graaf Albert A. , Pijl Hanno
Published: January 2025

Background
The effects of lifestyle on glucose metabolism significantly differ between individuals. Hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes is driven by tissue-specific insulin resistance and reduced beta-cell capacity, whose relative contribution varies between persons, potentially affecting the impact of lifestyle interventions. We quantified effects of lifestyle on continuously measured glucose (CGM) metrics and evaluated how these differ between type 2 diabetes phenotypes.
Methods
Forty persons with type 2 diabetes wore a CGM for 11 periods of 4 days, of which 3 control and 4 duplicated intervention periods (2x low carbohydrate diet, 2x Mediterranean diet, 2x walking after each meal and 2x ‘active day’ (hourly 5-minute exercise bouts)). Tissue-specific insulin resistance and beta-cell function were quantified using an OGTT. A linear mixed effects model quantified lifestyle impact on CGM metrics.
Results
On overage, low carbohydrate diet, walking after meal and active day, but not the Mediterranean diet, resulted in lower mean glucose (7.74, 8.37, 8.40 and 8.70 mmol/L, respectively) as compared to control (8.66 mmol/L) in participants who did not restrict carbohydrate intake at baseline. Notably, the magnitude and direction of effects varied between individuals. For instance, the low carbohydrate diet had more beneficial effects for persons who had liver- or combined insulin resistance with poor beta-cell function than for individuals who only had poor beta-cell function.
Conclusions
On average, traditional lifestyle interventions improved CGM metrics within 4 days. Importantly, the effects appear to vary depending on the diabetes phenotype, thus pointing to the need for personalized lifestyle treatment.
Dutch Trial Register: NL7848.
Correlation between Body Mass Index (BMI) and Early Postoperative Pain in Adults Undergoing Arthroscopic Partial Meniscectomy
Authors: Liu Songlang , Liao Hongxing , Yang Yali , Sun Jianguang
Published: January 2025

Background
Arthroscopic partial meniscectomy surgery has become a common treatment for meniscal injuries; however, early postoperative pain significantly affects patient satisfaction with this surgery. Previous studies have largely explored the differences between arthroscopic partial meniscectomy and conservative rehabilitation, as well as factors affecting postoperative quality of life, with less focus on the relationship between the preoperative body mass index (BMI) and early postoperative pain following arthroscopic partial meniscectomy. This study is based on early feedback from patients after arthroscopic meniscal repair surgery, where the primary concern is early postoperative pain, to analyze the correlation between preoperative BMI and early postoperative pain after arthroscopic meniscal repair in adults.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed clinical data from 221 adult patients who underwent arthroscopic partial meniscectomy at Meizhou People's Hospital, Guangdong Province, China, in 2023. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, stratified analysis, and threshold effect assessment were employed to evaluate the impact of preoperative BMI, age, sex, disease duration, cartilage injury severity, and meniscal injury grade on postoperative pain. A fitted curve between BMI and postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) score was plotted to visualize the correlation, and the model's efficacy was analyzed via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.
Results
After adjusting for confounding factors through univariate and multivariate analyses, preoperative BMI (β = 0.20, P < 0.01), with an odds ratio of 1.23 and a 95% confidence interval of 1.09–1.38, was identified as a significant factor influencing early postoperative pain. The relationship between the two variables was nonlinear, with a threshold effect revealing BMI = 25.7 as a critical inflection point, where pain significantly changed. The ROC curve analysis indicated that BMI has moderate predictive power for postoperative pain risk (AUC = 0.67).
Conclusion
A significant correlation exists between preoperative BMI and early postoperative pain following arthroscopic partial meniscectomy, with a nonlinear relationship and a key inflection point at BMI = 25.7. This finding can aid in the creation of personalized treatment, management and rehabilitation plans, thus improving patient satisfaction after surgery.
Enhancing Quantum Key Distribution Efficiency and Security
Authors: Ajlouni Naim , Almassri Abdelrahman , Atallah Rasha Ragheb
Published: January 2025

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a cornerstone of next-generation cryptographic technologies, offering unparalleled security by utilizing the principles of quantum mechanics. However, practical implementations of QKD face significant challenges, including inefficiencies in key generation, susceptibility to noise, and vulnerabilities to eavesdropping. This work addresses these challenges by proposing a machine learning (ML)-driven approach to optimize QKD protocols, focusing on enhancing both efficiency and security. In this work it is intended to evaluate three advanced protocols Adaptive, Entanglement-Based, and Hybrid under varying conditions such as key length, noise levels, and channel stability. The ML models will include ensemble learning models namely Random Forest and XGBoost, the models will analyze the impact of key parameters on protocol performance and predict efficiency with high accuracy. The results reveal that the Adaptive protocol significantly outperforms the Entanglement-Based and Hybrid protocols, achieving an efficiency of up to 0.80 for a key length of 2500 bits, compared to 0.24 for the Entanglement-Based protocol and 0.26 for the Hybrid protocol. The Adaptive protocol also demonstrates superior detection probability (ranging from 0.84 to 0.85) and a higher probability of detecting eavesdropping (ranging from 0.43 to 0.45). Furthermore, correlation analysis shows a strong positive relationship (r = 0.9985) between key length and efficiency for the Adaptive protocol, highlighting its scalability. In contrast, the Entanglement-Based protocol shows consistent but lower performance across all metrics, while the Hybrid protocol offers a compromise but remains less efficient than the Adaptive protocol. By integrating ML with quantum cryptography, this work bridges the gap between theoretical advancements and practical implementations, providing a scalable framework for optimizing QKD systems in real-world applications. The findings underscore the importance of protocol design and optimization in achieving secure and efficient quantum communication, paving the way for the quantum internet of the future.
Hypertensive choroidopathy with bilateral serous retinal detachment as the presenting finding in malignant hypertension
Authors: KILINÇ Ali Kutay , AYDIN Ali , BURKE Cahit
Published: January 2025

Background
Secondary hypertension, particularly in young patients, can manifest as malignant hypertension with ocular complications. We report a case of hypertensive choroidopathy with serous retinal detachment as the initial presentation of malignant hypertension in a young woman with renal failure secondary to antimalarial treatment.
Case Presentation:
A 19-year-old woman with a history of renal failure following antimalarial treatment treatment presented with sudden, bilateral vision loss (right eye: 20/200, left eye: 20/40). Fundus examination revealed asymmetrical choroidal involvement with serous retinal detachment, more pronounced in the right eye. Her blood pressure was markedly elevated at 230/130 mmHg. Following blood pressure control with the patient's vision improved to 20/20 in both eyes, and the serous retinal detachments resolved completely.
Conclusion
This case highlights the importance of considering hypertensive choroidopathy in young patients with secondary hypertension presenting with sudden vision loss. Prompt diagnosis and blood pressure management can lead to complete visual recovery.
Progressive speech impairment as the first manifestation of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Case report and literature review
Authors: Bernales Jhordan Alexis Paredes , Navarro Henry Flores , Serruto Andre Nelson Sotomayor
Published: January 2025

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a rare neurodegenerative disease with an incidence of 1.59 per 100,000 people per year. It is characterized by the progressive loss of upper and lower motor neurons, leading to muscle weakness, neuromuscular dysfunction, and eventual severe disability. This case report presents a 62-year-old male patient from Tarapoto who initially exhibited progressive dysarthria as his sole symptom. Two months later, he developed dysphagia for solids and liquids and weakness in his right lower limb. The diagnosis of ALS was established using the revised El Escorial and Awaji-Shima criteria, supported by electromyography findings indicative of acute denervation and chronic reinnervation in multiple segments, including bulbar and thoracic areas. Complementary studies, such as brain tomography, revealed cortico subcortical frontoparietal atrophy without significant findings suggesting other associated pathologies. The patient’s management included physical and speech therapy over multiple sessions, resulting in mild improvements in dysarthria and dysphagia, allowing greater fluency in speech and better tolerance to liquid intake. However, specific pharmacological therapies for ALS, such as riluzole, edaravone, or mitochondrial dysfunction-targeted combinations, were unavailable, limiting the potential to delay disease progression. During his evolution, the patient developed episodes of bronchitis treated with antitussive and mucolytic therapy, with no significant pulmonary complications. Bulbar phenotype ALS, present in 25–30% of cases, poses a diagnostic challenge due to its variable clinical presentation and inevitable progression. This case highlights the importance of comprehensive, multidisciplinary management, including early interventions to address physical, psychological, and social symptoms, as well as palliative strategies to optimize the quality of life for the patient and their family. Although non-pharmacological therapy achieved partial improvements, early access to approved treatments and specialized resources could have provided greater functional and survival benefits.
PERAN TAKMIR MASJID DALAM PENCEGAHAN PERILAKU KORUPSI DI LINGKUP PEMERINTAHAN DAERAH
Authors: Wattimena Abdul Khair , Ferricha Dian
Published: January 2025

The role of corruption prevention carried out by mosque takmirs is in the secondary prevention category, namely the role in the form of facilitating preachers and ulama to take a religious approach. This article aims to analyze the role of mosque takmirs in preventing corrupt behavior in the scope of regional government. This article is organized based on descriptive qualitative research approach, the results of the research show that: there are two forms of activities that are generally carried out in government-wide mosques as a form of prevention against corrupt behavior. The first activity that researchers categorize as "heart control activities" is activities that sharpen the heart or activities that increase dhikr (remembering Allah) in the form of reading ratibul hadad, istigosah, tahlilan or sholawatan. In these two mosques, these activities are carried out as routine activities after morning prayers and on Friday nights. Controlling the heart with these dhikrs is a form of preventing deviant behavior that is most decisive for a person's behavior. Secondly, the activity that researchers categorize as "mind control" is thought processing activities which are mostly carried out in the form of presenting religious speakers (kiyai, ustazd) to convey religious advice. This preventive activity is carried out regularly every Friday and at on major Islamic religious holidays, the speakers presented in this activity are Islamic figures from Islamic organizations who have religious knowledge in the fields of fiqh, ushul fiqh, tafsir and other Islamic knowledge. So, the religious messages that are often conveyed by preachers are how humans have a fear of God's law which has been promised in the Koran and hadith as well as books of fiqh and tafsir.
MENAKAR KEADILAN DALAM PENYELESAIAN UTANG BERSAMA PASCA PERCERAIAN MELALUI PUTUSAN HAKIM DI PENGADILAN AGAMA BLITAR
Authors: R Rohmawati , Adila Queen
Published: January 2025

This article examines the decision of the Blitar Religious Court in a joint debt case in terms of the principle of justice. The lack of clarity regarding the provisions for sharing joint debt in Indonesian civil law has encouraged judges to do legal reasoning. The subjectivity of judges in interpreting the values ​​of justice has given rise to disparities in the legal construction of judges in joint debt cases. This research is an empirical juridical research using a case approach and a philosophical approach. The results of the study show that the panel of judges at the Blitar Religious Court determines the distribution of shared debt equally (half-half) in all cases. The division of joint debt at the Blitar Religious Court can be classified into two. First, the decision is considered to have given a sense of justice because each party has made an equal contribution to the family and the division of debt is given in a balanced manner. Second, the decision is considered to lack justice because the contribution of each party in the family is not the same but the distribution of the debt is given equally.
THE IMPACT OF US INTEREST RATES OF THE INDIAN SECTORAL INDICES
Authors: Sai Arvind Guthikonda , Chatterjee Priyonkon
Published: January 2025

The study explores the influence of fluctuations in U.S. interest rates on some crucial economic indicators in India and provides evidence of the ever-deepening interconnectivity of global economies. Analyzing data from 2000 to 2023, the study utilizes regression techniques to assess how it affects Indian inflation, repo rates, GDP growth, stock market indices, and fiscal deficits. According to the results, variations in U.S. interest rates have a strong impact on Indian inflation and repo rates. Higher U.S rates push capital out of the country, weaken the rupee, and increase borrowing costs lower rates attract inflows, boost liquidity, and consumption.There was a negative correlation between the U.S. rates and Indian GDP and stock market performance, though not always statistically significant. The rate cuts of the U.S during global crises have lowered the borrowing costs of India thereby aiding fiscal stability. RBI aligns policies with trends in the global arena in order to stabilize markets and to attract foreign investments.This comprehensive review will detail complex implications of U.S. monetary policies on the Indian economy, providing policymakers and investors with vital insights into risks and opportunities.
Confinamiento, educación y pandemias: una lectura ética a la educación superior después del Covid-19
Authors: Palta Velasco Willian Fredy
Published: January 2025

El presente artículo pretende realizar una crítica a la realidad de la educación superior, desde una mirada ética. A partir de la dinámica vivida durante la emergencia de salud producida por el covid-19, se toman las categorías “confinamiento” y “pandemia”; con ello se evidencia que, en la educación, ambas realidades no las causa el SARS-CoV-2. Dese hace tiempo, la educación superior vive un confinamiento que no la deja avanzar; además, padece varias pandemias que amenazan su existencia.
La cultura: herramientas para la educación ambiental
Authors: Palomino Ceballos Adrian Ernesto , Orozco Hernández Betty Sofia , Diaz Muegue Luis Carlos
Published: January 2025

El presente estudio utiliza la cultura, como herramienta para lograr territorios sostenibles, está enfocado en el diseño e implementación de un modelo de innovación pedagógica que permite transformar el pensar y actuar de los individuos para que reflejen un mayor grado de conciencia ambiental. La metodología consiste en integrar el patrimonio cultural que aporta la cosmovisión de las comunidades ancestrales, la narrativa y otras expresiones de la cultura en una estrategia para formar ciudadanos con mayor empatía al cuidado del medio ambiente. El fortalecimiento de la identidad cultural genera sentido pertenencia y apropiación del territorio.
La Coordinadora Nacional de cultivadores de coca, amapola y marihuana del Norte de Santander (COCCAM), una experiencia en la defensa y el desarrollo territorial
Authors: Carvajal Rodriguez Diana Carolina , Alba Maldonado José Manuel , Rodríguez Colorado Nancy
Published: January 2025

Este artículo presenta un análisis cualitativo de las estrategias de resistencia y desarrollo territorial implementadas por la Coordinadora Nacional de Cultivadores de Coca, Amapola y Marihuana (COCCAM), frente a las políticas antidrogas punitivas del Estado colombiano. A través de una perspectiva histórica, se documenta cómo la COCCAM ha denunciado sistemáticamente los efectos adversos de estas políticas, las cuales han criminalizado a los campesinos y agravado la situación en la región. En respuesta, la COCCAM ha promovido diálogos participativos y procesos de construcción colectiva para transformar su economía y defender su territorio. Los hallazgos de esta investigación revelan que la COCCAM ha desarrollado propuestas de sustitución de cultivos ilícitos basadas en las necesidades y potencialidades endógenas de cada comunidad, desafiando así los modelos estatales centrados en la erradicación forzada. Estas iniciativas, al reconocer la diversidad de los territorios y fomentar la participación comunitaria, ofrecen una alternativa viable y sostenible para abordar el problema de los cultivos de coca y construir una paz duradera en el Catatumbo.
Transformación y desafíos de la política exterior colombiana: un análisis comparativo de los gobiernos 2018-2023
Authors: Urrego Estrada Gleidy Alexandra , Orozco Restrepo Gabriel Antonio , Gutiérrez Ossa Jahir Alexander , García Tamayo Yadi Marcela
Published: January 2025

El presente escrito es reflexivo sobre la evolución de la política exterior colombiana durante los periodos de gobierno de Iván Duque (2018-2022) y Gustavo Petro durante el año 2023, con un enfoque reflexivo, de tipo cualitativo que aborda el cómo estos gobiernos han respondido a los desafíos internacionales y cómo han articulado sus prioridades al ámbito internacional. En tal sentido, se discuten las continuidades y rupturas en las estrategias de política exterior, destacando los cambios en las relaciones bilaterales, la participación en foros multilaterales, las políticas de seguridad regional, el comercio internacional y el enfoque ambiental.
Megaproyectos de infraestructura como mausoleos del necroceno capitalista: El Corredor del Istmo de Tehuantepec
Authors: Barrios Rodríguez David
Published: January 2025

El trabajo pone en relación la construcción de megaproyectos de infraestructura con la devastación ambiental propia del capitaloceno. Esto se hace a partir de la construcción en el Sureste de México del Corredor Interoceánico del Istmo de Tehuantepec (CIIT). Se realiza una aproximación geopolítica y de la participación de corporaciones en la obra que se sitúa en una región del país de enorme importancia natural y cultural, tanto por la riqueza y biodiversidad de sus ecosistemas, como por la presencia de los grupos indígenas que las han preservado. Se reflexiona sobre esta ofensiva en los territorios en una convergencia entre grandes potencias, estados, corporaciones, así como estructuras de la economía criminal.
La construcción de paz como cuarta función sustantiva: Una posible transformación del rol de las Universidades Colombianas
Authors: Insuasty Rodríguez Alfonso , Espinosa Menéndez Nicolás
Published: January 2025

Este artículo propone la incorporación de la construcción de paz como cuarta (nueva) función sustantiva en las universidades colombianas. En el contexto del prolongado conflicto armado colombiano, se argumenta que las instituciones de educación superior están en capacidad de asumir un papel más activo en la construcción de paz. La propuesta implica transformaciones en las funciones sustantivas tradicionales en currículos (docencia), líneas de investigación y programas de vinculación con la sociedad (extensión), analizando las implicaciones, desafíos y posibles críticas de esta iniciativa. El estudio concluye que, pese a los retos, esta nueva función sustantiva podría transformar significativamente el rol de las universidades en la consolidación de una paz duradera en Colombia.
Educação para o desenvolvimento sustentável: um estudo sobre a percepção dos docentes e discentes da área de administração
Authors:   , Mesquita Álisson Caio Abrantes de
Published: January 2025

As primeiras discussões a respeito da Educação para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável (EDS)
ocorreram nos anos 70, com foco na questão ambiental. Posteriormente, as Instituições de
Ensino Superior (IES), especialmente as que oferecem cursos na área de negócio, passaram a
tratar sobre a sustentabilidade sob uma perspectiva mais holística e focada nos eixos
ambiental, social e econômico. Considerando esses aspectos, o presente estudo objetiva
investigar qual a percepção dos docentes e discentes da área de Administração sobre a
temática “Educação para o desenvolvimento sustentável”. Tudo isso porque ao se inserir os
preceitos da EDS no processo formativo dos discentes e preparação do corpo docente,
entende-se que ambos podem estar aptos para solucionar situações-problema no ambiente
organizacional. Para tanto, cabe fazer uso da análise documental dos instrumentos utilizados
para fins de organização institucional e da pesquisa descritiva, com a aplicação de dois
questionários, um direcionado aos docentes (18) e outro para os discentes da graduação (169)
e pós-graduação (47), os dois com vínculo ativo na graduação ou pós-graduação em
Administração, da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN). Ante o exposto, os
dados coletados apontam que os documentos institucionais possuem uma abordagem
superficial acerca da temática da EDS. Na percepção dos discentes e docentes quanto às
dimensões do DS, observa-se certa semelhança, já em relação ao conceito da EDS, os
discentes o confundem com a EA, ao passo que os docentes apresentam uma boa
compreensão sobre a EDS. Em relação às dimensões do DS, os discentes e docentes têm a
mesma percepção sobre os ODS, sendo apontados como os mais urgentes aqueles que estão
relacionados com a vida em comunidade: “erradicação da pobreza”, “água potável e
saneamento”, “fome zero e agricultura sustentável” e “educação de qualidade”
Amphibian-Derived Antimicrobial Peptides: Essential Components of
Innate Immunity and Potential Leads for New Antibiotic Development
Authors: O Ebru TANRIVERDİ
Published: January 2025

Like other vertebrates, amphibians possess innate and adaptive immune systems. At the
center of the adaptive immune system is the Major Histocompatibility Complex. The important
molecules of innate immunity are antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). These peptides are secreted by
granular glands in the skin and protect the animal against microorganisms entering its body
through the skin. AMPs offer an effective and rapid defense against pathogenic microorganisms
and have cationic and amphiphilic structures. These peptides are small gene-encoded molecules of
8-50 amino acid residues synthesized by ribosomes. These small molecules typically exhibit activity
against bacteria, viruses, fungi, and even cancer cells. It is known that today's amphibian AMPs
originated from a common precursor gene 150 million years ago and that the origin of these peptides
is preprodermaseptins. Today, antibiotic resistance has occurred due to the incorrect use of
antibiotics. Traditional antibiotics are becoming increasingly inadequate. AMPs are considered
promising candidates for the development of new-generation antibiotics. Therefore, new antibiotic
discoveries are needed. AMPs are suitable molecules for new-generation antibiotics that are both
fast and have different killing mechanisms. One of the biggest problems in the clinical applications
of AMPs is their poor stability. AMPs generally have limited tropical applications because
they are sensitive to protease degradation. Coating these peptides with nanomaterials to make
them more stable can solve this problem.
Emerging Combinatorial Drug Delivery Strategies for Breast Cancer: A
Comprehensive Review
Authors: Singhai Harshita , Raikwar Sarjana , Rathee Sunny , Jain Sanjay K.
Published: January 2025

Breast cancer remains the second most prevalent cancer among women in the United
States. Despite advancements in surgical, radiological, and chemotherapeutic techniques, multidrug
resistance continues to pose significant challenges in effective treatment. Combination chemotherapy
has emerged as a promising approach to address these limitations, allowing multiple
drugs to target malignancies via distinct mechanisms of action. Increasingly, the use of phytoconstituents
alongside chemotherapeutic agents has shown promise in enhancing treatment outcomes.
This combination therapy acts on key signaling pathways such as Hedgehog, Notch, Wnt/β-
catenin, tyrosine kinases, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), which play critical roles in cellular
proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, differentiation, invasion, and metastasis. This review
explores various signaling pathways involved in breast cancer progression, discusses conventional
treatment methods like surgery, adjuvant radiotherapy, hormonal therapy, and chemotherapy, and
highlights emerging nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems (DDS). Liposomes, dendrimers, exosomes,
polymeric micelles, and nanoparticles (organic, inorganic, gold, magnetic, carbon-based,
and quantum dots) are examined as innovative strategies for enhancing drug delivery efficacy. Furthermore,
stimuli-responsive DDSs, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), enzyme-, and hypoxia-
responsive systems, are presented as cutting-edge approaches to overcoming drug resistance.
Special emphasis is placed on the co-delivery of chemotherapeutic agents and plant-based
compounds, particularly in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer. This review aims to
provide a comprehensive overview of novel combinatorial strategies and advanced nanocarriers
for the effective and targeted treatment of breast cancer.
Diabetic Wound Healing: Factors, Mechanisms, and Treatment Strategies Using Herbal Components
Authors: Porwal Sejal , Malviya Rishabha , Sundram Sonali , Sridhar Sathvik Belagodu , Shareef Javedh
Published: January 2025

Managing diabetic wounds is a significant challenge for healthcare professionals since
severe complications and delayed recovery greatly impact the patients' quality of life. This article
aimed to explore various factors affecting diabetic wound healing, the mechanism of wound healing,
and potential natural products having wound healing capability. It focuses on mechanisms of
action and the therapeutic effectiveness of the compounds employed in the management of diabetic
wounds. The review discusses the function of nutrition in wound healing, emphasizing the significance
of consuming adequate amounts of protein, energy, lipids, amino acids, vitamins, minerals,
and water to promote healing. Several herbs, including Rosmarinus officinalis, Carica
papaya, Aloe vera, Annona squamosa, and Punica granatum, are being tested for wound healing
qualities in diabetes circumstances. These plants have a variety of modes of action, including antioxidant,
anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and immunomodulatory activities that help to speed up
wound healing, stimulate collagen formation, and promote tissue regeneration. The variety of action
mechanisms seen in natural products, especially in plants, offers hope for the treatment of diabetic
wounds. It may also be possible to improve healing results and the quality of life of diabetes
individuals with chronic wounds by including these herbal treatments in wound care programs.
Bioanalysis, Analysis, Chemistry, and Pharmacological Aspects of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitors
Authors: Jain Sunidhi , Patil Roshani , Sharma Sanjay
Published: January 2025

The development of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitors (HIFPHIs),
such as Roxadustat (ROX), Enarodustat (ENA), Desidustat (DES), Vadadustat (VAD), Molidustat
(MOL), and Daprodustat (DAP), has significant effects on anemia in chronic kidney disease.
This review presents comprehensive information about the synthesis, pharmacology, and
analysis of HIF-PHIs across several matrices. The literature has presented several approaches for
quantifying HIF-PHIs in diverse sample matrices. Furthermore, HIF-PHIs exhibit similar modes of
action, demonstrating distinct pharmacokinetic parameters. The pharmacological insights encompass
their half-life, mechanism of action, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and therapeutic
uses. Research indicates that most studies concentrate on hyphenated methodologies for
drug estimation in various biological fluids. Consequently, this study assesses the biological efficacy
of HIF-PHIs and elucidates the analytical methodologies currently employed for measurement
across various matrices.