bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Safety and efficacy of Curcumin versus Diclofenac in Knee Osteoarthritis: a randomized open label parallel arm study
Authors: Shep Dhaneshwar , Khanwelkar Chitra , Gade Prakashchandra , Karad Satyanand
Published: March 2019

Background: To compare the efficacy and safety of curcumin with diclofenac in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA).
Methods: In this randomized, open label, parallel, active controlled clinical study, 139 knee OA patients were randomized to receive either curcumin 500 mg (Curcugreen®) capsule thrice daily or diclofenac 50 mg tablet twice daily for 28 days. Patients underwent assessment at baseline, day 7, day 14 and day 28. Main outcome measure was severity of pain using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at day 14 and day 28. Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS) (at day 14 and day 28), anti-flatulent effect (at day 7), anti-ulcer effect, weight lowering effect, patient and physician’s global assessment of therapy at day 28 were included as secondary outcome measures. Safety after treatment was evaluated by recording adverse events and laboratory investigation.
Results: At day 14 and day 28, patients receiving curcumin showed similar improvement in severity of pain and KOOS scale when compared to diclofenac, and the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). At day 7, the patients treated with curcumin experienced significantly greater reduction in number of episodes of flatulence compared with diclofenac (p < 0.01). At day 28, weight lowering effect (p < 0.01) and anti-ulcer effect (p < 0.01) of curcumin were observed. None of the patients required H2 blockers in curcumin group and 19 patients required H2 blockers in diclofenac group (0% vs. 28%, respectively; p < 0.01). Adverse effects were significantly less in the curcumin group (13% vs. 38% in diclofenac group; p < 0.01). Patient’s and physician’s global assessment of therapy was similar in both treatment groups.
Conclusion: Curcumin has similar efficacy to diclofenac, but demonstrated better tolerance among patients with knee OA. Curcumin can be an alternative treatment option in the patients with knee OA who are intolerant to the side effects of NSAIDS.
Trial Registration: ISRCTN, ISRCTN10074826, Registered 21 November 2017 - Retrospectively registered, http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN10074826
Keywords: Knee osteoarthritis; Pain; Curcumin; Diclofenac; Anti-flatulent; Weight lowering; Anti-ulcer
Real-Time Foot Clearance Biofeedback to Assist Gait Rehabilitation Following Stroke: a Randomised Controlled Trial Protocol
Authors: BEGG REZAUL , Galea Mary , James Lisa , Sparrow Tony , Levinger Pazit , Khan Fary , Said Catherine
Published: March 2019

Background

The risk of falling is significantly higher in people with chronic stroke and it is, therefore, important to design interventions to improve mobility and decrease falls risk. Minimum Toe Clearance (MTC) is the key gait cycle event for predicting tripping-falls because it occurs mid-swing during the walking cycle where forward velocity of the foot is maximum.

High forward velocity coupled with low MTC increases the probability of unanticipated foot-ground contacts. Training procedures to increase toe-ground clearance (MTC) have potential, therefore, as a falls prevention intervention. The aim of this project is to determine whether augmented sensory information via real-time visual biofeedback during gait training can increase MTC.

Methods

Participants will be over 18 years, have sustained a single stroke (ischaemic or hemorrhagic) at least 6 months previously, able to walk 50 metres independently and capable of informed consent. Using a secure web-based application (REDCap) 150 participants will be randomly assigned to either no-feedback (Control) or feedback (Experimental) groups, all will receive 10 sessions of treadmill training for up to 10 minutes at a self-selected speed over five to six weeks. The intervention group will receive real-time, visual biofeedback of MTC during training and will be asked to modify their gait pattern to match a required “target” criterion. Biofeedback is continuous for the first six sessions then progressively reduced (faded) across the remaining four sessions. Control participants will walk on the treadmill without biofeedback. Gait assessments are conducted at baseline, immediately following the final training session and then during follow-up, at 1, 3 and 6 months. The primary outcome measure is MTC. Monthly falls calendars will also be collected for 12 months from enrolment.

Discussion

The project will contribute to understanding how stroke-related changes to sensory and motor processes influence gait biomechanics and associated tripping risk. The research findings will guide our work in gait rehabilitation following stroke and may reduce falls rates. Treadmill training procedures incorporating continuous real-time feedback may need to be modified to accommodate stroke patients who have greater difficulties with treadmill walking.
The effect of a heel-unloading orthosis in short-term treatment of calcaneus fractures on physical function, quality of life and return to work – study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Schmal Hagen , Larsen Anders Holsgaard , Froberg Lonnie , Erichsen Julie Ladeby , Madsen Carsten Fladmose , Pedersen Lasse
Published: March 2019

Background
Neither for operative nor non-operative therapy standardized guidelines for rehabilitation of calcaneus fractures are existing. While there is consensus for non- or partial weight bearing, the use of supporting devices such as specific foot ankle orthosis is still a matter of debate. Recently, a heel-unloading orthosis (‘Settner shoe’) was introduced for aftercare of these fractures, allowing walking by shifting the load to the middle- and forefoot. This orthosis enables early mobilization of patients suffering from both one-and two-sided fractures. The ‘Settner shoe’ can be applied in non-operative therapy and following operations. Specifically in calcaneus fractures, early regain of physical activity has been highlighted as one of the key factors for quality of life and the ability to return to work. Thus, we hypothesize that mobilization with the ‘Settner shoe’ results in higher physical activity within the first 3 months, which is the primary outcome criterion.
Methods
This is going to be analyzed by a randomized controlled study comparing treatment with and without this specific orthosis. The secondary outcome measures are the time point of return to work in calcaneus fracture patients aged between 18 and 60 years. Furthermore, the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society's (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score, a 3-dimensional gait analysis, and the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire for quality of life are assessed.
Discussion
It is the first trail applying a standardized rehabilitation protocol in patients suffering from calcaneus fractures aiming to improve the non-operative part of treatment by the use of an orthosis.
Trial registration: NCT03572816
The DREAM Initiative: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial testing an integrated electronic health record and community health worker intervention to promote weight loss among South Asian patients at risk for diabetes
Authors: Lim Sahnah , Wyatt Laura C , Mammen Shinu , Zanowiak Jennifer M , Mohaimin Sadia , Goldfeld Keith S , Shelley Donna , Gold Heather T , Islam Nadia S
Published: March 2019

Background

Electronic health record (EHR)-based interventions that use registries and alerts can improve chronic disease care in primary care settings. Community health worker (CHW) interventions also have been shown to improve chronic disease outcomes, especially in minority communities. Despite their potential, these two approaches have not been tested together, including in small primary care practice (PCP) settings. This paper presents the protocol of Diabetes Research, Education, and Action for Minorities (DREAM) Initiative, a 5-year randomized controlled trial integrating both EHR and CHW approaches into a network of PCPs in New York City (NYC) in order to support weight loss efforts among South Asian patients at risk for diabetes.

Methods

The DREAM Initiative was funded by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (National Institutes of Health). A total of 480 individuals at risk for type 2 diabetes will be enrolled into the intervention group, and an equal number will be included in a control group based on EHR records. The EHR intervention components include the provision of technical assistance to participating PCPs regarding prediabetes-related registry reports, alerts, and order sets. The CHW intervention components entail group education sessions on diabetes prevention, including weight loss and nutrition. A mixed-methods approach will be used to evaluate the feasibility, adoption, and impact (≥5% weight loss) of the integrated study components. Additionally, a cost effectiveness analysis will be conducted using outcomes, implementation costs, and healthcare claims data to determine the incremental cost per person achieving 5% weight loss.

Discussion

This study will be the first to test the efficacy of an integrated EHR-CHW intervention within an underserved, minority population and in a practical setting via a network of small PCPs in NYC. The study’s implementation is enhanced through cross-sector partnerships, including the local health department, a healthcare payer, and EHR vendors. Through use of a software platform, the study will also systematically track and monitor CHW referrals to social service organizations. Study findings, including those resulting from cost-effectiveness analyses, will have important implications for translating similar strategies to other minority communities in sustainable ways.
Recruitment Effort and Costs from a Multi-Center Randomized Controlled Trial for Treating Depression in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Myers Barbara A , Pillay Yegan , Hornsby Guy , Shubrook Jay , Saha Chandan , Mather Kieren J. , Fitzpatrick Karen , de Groot Mary
Published: March 2019

Background

Participant recruitment for clinical trials is a significant challenge for the scientific research community. Federal funding agencies have made continuation of funding of clinical trials contingent on meeting recruitment targets. It is incumbent on investigators to carefully set study recruitment timelines and resource needs to meet those goals as required under current funding mechanisms. This paper highlights the cost, labor, and barriers to recruitment for Program ACTVE II, a successful multi-site randomized controlled trial of behavioral treatments for depression in adults with type 2 diabetes, conducted in rural and urban settings in three states.

Methods

Quantitative and qualitative data on recruitment were gathered from study staff throughout the study recruitment period and were used to calculate costs and effort. The study utilized two main approaches to recruitment: 1.) relying on potential participants to see ads in the community and call a toll-free number, and 2.) direct phone calls to potential participants by study staff.

Results

Contact was attempted with 18,925 people to obtain the enrolled sample of 140. The cost of recruitment activities during the 4.5-year recruitment period totaled $190,056, an average cost of $1,358 per enrolled participant. Qualitative evaluations identified multiple barriers to recruitment.

Conclusions

Recruitment for Program ACTIVE II exemplifies the magnitude of resources needed to reach recruitment targets in the current era. Continuous evaluation, flexibility, and adaptation are required on the part of investigators, community partners, and funding agencies to successfully reach high risk populations in rural and urban areas.
Corneal wavefront guided versus aberration free transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy in myopic patients with high pre-existing corneal higher order aberrations
Authors: Ellakwa Amin Faisal , Zaki Marwa Ali , Ashour Rana Mohammed
Published: March 2019

Objectives

to compare the efficacy, safety and predictability of corneal wavefront guided (WFG) and aberration free ablation in single-step transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (TransPRK) in myopic patients with high pre-existing corneal higher order aberrations (HOAs).

Background

Corneal WFG and aberration free treatments have been proposed as methods to achieve better visual, refractive, and optical outcomes.

Methods

Non-randomized controlled trailwas conducted in El-HekmaEye-LASIK center, Menoufia governorate, Egypt during the period from January 2017 to December 2017. TransPRK was performed to eligible myopic patients with or without astigmatism with corneal HOAs ≥ 0.35 µ utilizing either aberration free or corneal WFG patterns provided by ORKCAM software (SCHWIND eye-tech-solutions, Kleinostheim, Germany). Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), manifest and cycloplegic refractions, best spectacle corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), thorough slit lamp examination and corneal topography were assessed and repeated six months postoperatively.

Results

Six months postoperatively, 97.6% and 100% of patients achieved MRSE within ± 1D with 76.2% and 66.67% of patients achieved UDVA of ≥20/20 in aberration free and corneal WFG groups respectively. Both groups showed increase in spherical and total corneal HOAs, with no significant difference in corneal WFG (p=0.08, p=0.28 respectively) while significantly higher postoperatively in aberration free group (p<0.001, p=0.001 respectively). Coma and trefoil aberrations declined after corneal WFG technique, yet increased after aberration free one.

Conclusions

both aberration free and corneal WFG TransPRK were safe, effective and predictable in treatment of myopia in patients with high pre-existing corneal HOAs with better aberrometric outcomes in corneal WFG group.
`Little hedgehog' (Paeonia suffruticosa `Xiao Ci Wei')—A Unique Chinese Tree Peony Cultivar Possessing Special Bicolored Petals With Tubular Tip Structure (Paeoniaceae)
Authors: Suo Zhi-li , Zhao Xiao-qing , Sun Jing-yu , Sun Wen-hai
Published: March 2019

There exist large accumulations of natural genetic diversifications under the natural and artificial selections on the flower among the Chinese tree peony cultivars incited by ornamental and medicinal uses in the past over 1500 years in China. Paeonia suffruticosa `Xiao Ci Wei' is a unique Chinese tree peony cultivar possessing special bicolored petals with tubular tip structure (Paeoniaceae). This natural mutant is not only a unique ornamental, but also a valuable material for scientific researches in Evodevotics.
Flower Age Affects Fruit Set and Stigmatic Receptivity in Rabbiteye Blueberry
Authors: Brevis Patricio A. , NeSmith D. Scott , Wetzstein Hazel Y.
Published: March 2019

Rabbiteye blueberry (Vaccinium ashei Reade) often exhibits problems with low fruit set. Little is known about the duration of flower receptivity in this species. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of flower age at pollination on fruit set, seed number per fruit, and stigmatic receptivity. `Brightwell' and `Tifblue' rabbiteye blueberry plants were kept under controlled conditions in a growth chamber. Day/night temperatures during pollination were 23 °C/10 °C. Flowers were hand pollinated with self- or cross-pollen at 2-day intervals ranging from 0 to 8 days after anthesis (DAA). Flower age at pollination had a significant effect on both fruit set and seed number per fruit. Rabbiteye blueberry flowers were able to produce optimum fruit set during a period of at least five days. Fruit set was markedly reduced 6 to 8 DAA, depending on the cultivar. Flower age at pollination also had a significant effect on stigmatic receptivity, which was assessed as the number of germinated tetrads on the stigma 24 hours after pollination. Stigmas pollinated 0 DAA had a significantly lower number of germinated tetrads than those pollinated 8 DAA. Flower age at pollination and stigmatic receptivity were positively associated. To our knowledge, this is the first quantitative evidence of delayed stigma maturation in blueberry. Stigmatic receptivity and fruit set were not correlated. Overall, the data strongly suggest that stigmatic receptivity was not a limiting factor for fruit set of `Brightwell' and `Tifblue'. It is hypothesized that ovule longevity determines the duration of flower receptivity in these two rabbiteye blueberry cultivars.
Cultivar and Plant Arrangement Effects on Yield and Fruit Quality of Bell Pepper
Authors: Kahn Brian A. , Leskovar Daniel I.
Published: March 2019

Single- and double-row arrangements of a fixed population (one plant every 0.285 m2) were compared in factorial combination with two (2002) or five (2003) cultivars for effects on yield and fruit quality of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Arrangements for 2002 were S30, single rows 0.95 m apart, plants within rows 30 cm apart; D30, 1.9 m between centers of double-row beds, double rows 30 cm apart on beds, plants within rows 30 cm apart; S37.5, single rows 0.76 m apart, plants within rows 37.5 cm apart; and D37.5, 1.52 m between centers of double-row beds, double rows 24 cm apart on beds, plants within rows 37.5 cm apart. Only the S30 and D30 arrangements were used in 2003 after 2002 results showed almost no differences between S30 and S37.5 or between D30 and D37.5. Choice of cultivar was more critical in Texas, where `X3R Wizard' consistently outperformed `King Arthur', than in Oklahoma. Single rows resulted in more full-season total marketable fruit weight than double rows in three experiments out of four, primarily as a result of an increased weight of U.S. No. 1 fruit with single rows. Average weight per marketable fruit was consistently unaffected by plant arrangement. Single rows also resulted in a greater full-season weight of sunburned fruit than double rows in two experiments out of four. Cultivar × plant arrangement interactions were not evident in Oklahoma and never involved full-season marketable fruit weights at either location in either year. Given the tested population, a single-row arrangement is likely to result in increased full-season production of U.S. No. 1 bell pepper fruit compared with a double-row arrangement, despite an increased potential for sunburned fruit with single rows.
Effect of Fertilizer Application Level on Pectin Composition of Hakuho Peach (Prunus persica Batsch) During Maturation
Authors: Jia H.J. , Mizuguchi K. , Hirano K. , Okamoto G.
Published: March 2019

Effects of fertilizer application levels on fruit texture and flesh pectin compositions of a melting peach were investigated. Hakuho trees (Prunus persica Batsch) were supplied with normal (M), high (H; M × 2), and superhigh (SH; M × 4) levels of complete liquid fertilizer twice a week. Flesh firmness of the H and SH treatment fruit was lower than that of M treatment fruit at the hard-mature and firm-mature stages, although no difference was detected at the full ripe stage. Sensory scores for flesh texture at the full ripe stage were highest in the N treatment fruit and lowest in the SH treatment fruit. The content of water-soluble polyuronides (WSP) in flesh was highest in SH fruit and lowest in M fruit at the hard-mature stage, although the difference became smaller at the full ripe stage. Molecular mass analysis using a gel filtration column revealed that water-soluble polysaccharides in alcohol-insoluble solids (AIS) of the H and SH fruits had a peak of high molecular mass, ≈200 kDa, at the hard-mature stage, and the molecular mass decreased gradually to ≈23 kDa at the full ripe stage. In the M fruit, however, the molecular mass was rather constant during the ripening period, 112 kDa even at the full ripe stage. The analysis of acidic fractions (pectin) in the polysaccharides using an ion exchange column, as well as juice gellation test by adding Ca and Tris buffer, also indicated that high levels of fertilizer application impairs an early degradation of flesh polyuronides resulting in the accumulation of low-molecular-weight WSP. This may ultimately cause the inferior flesh texture of overfertilized peach fruit.
Consumer Interest in Fresh, In-shell Edamame and Acceptance of Edamame-based Patties
Authors: Montri Dru N. , Kelley Kathleen M. , Sánchez Elsa S.
Published: March 2019

Two studies were conducted to determine consumer interest in fresh, in-shell edamame [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] and acceptance of two edamame-based patties. An in-store consumer research study was conducted in metropolitan Philadelphia to determine consumer demand for and interest in fresh, in-shell edamame. In fall 2004, plastic clamshells of edamame were placed in the produce department of four supermarkets. Consumers who purchased the clamshells were asked to return a survey that was attached to the container. Of the 480 clamshells that were delivered to the four selected supermarkets, 312 (65.0%) were purchased and 33 (10.6%) of the surveys were returned. All respondents indicated that they had heard of or were familiar with edamame before purchasing the container, and 81.2% had previously purchased edamame. Results indicate that 51.6% of respondents were more likely to purchase the edamame because it was grown in Pennsylvania, and 84.4% were more likely to purchase it because it was grown without the use of pesticides. In addition, a friend's recommendation, price, and sample of the product at the supermarket were rated highest among factors likely to affect respondents' purchasing decisions regarding new produce items. Based on the total number of packages sold and conversations with produce department managers, there appears to be a demand for fresh, in-shell edamame among supermarket consumers in metropolitan Philadelphia. A second study involving a consumer sensory evaluation was conducted in Feb. 2005 to determine consumer acceptance of two edamame-based patties. A total of 209 adults were involved, with 106 participants sampling the edamame-based patties on the first day and 103 sampling on the second day. Participants were asked to rate the patty they sampled on overall appeal, appearance, and flavor on a scale of 1 to 9 points (1 point being “dislike extremely” and 9 points being “like extremely”). Overall mean liking for the two patties was 6.38 points and 6.58 points, and mean liking for flavor was 6.44 points and 6.83 points on days 1 and 2 respectively. Based on the sample evaluated, 43.4% and 35.9% of participants, each day, indicated that they “probably would buy” or “definitely would buy” this item from a supermarket. Results suggest that consumers found the two edamame-based patties acceptable, indicating the potential for commercial production. Across the two studies, consumers expressed interest in purchasing fresh, in-shell edamame and edamame-based patties from a supermarket.
Effect of Watering Regimen on Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Growth of Selected Green Roof Plant Taxa
Authors: Durhman Angela K. , Rowe D. Bradley , Rugh Clayton L.
Published: March 2019

Green roofs, or vegetative or living roofs, are an emerging technology in the United States. Because environmental conditions are often more extreme on rooftops, many xerophytic plants, especially Sedum, are ideal for extensive green roofs because they are physiologically and morphologically adapted to withstand drought. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine the effect of watering regimens on plant stress as measured by chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm), biomass accumulation, substrate moisture, and evapotransipiration on succulent plants of Sedum acre L., S. reflexum L., S. kamtschaticum ellacombianum Fisch., and non-Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) plants of Schizachyrium scoparium Nash and Coreopsis lanceolata L. Plants were grown at a substrate depth of 7.5 cm. Results indicate even after the 4-month period, Sedum spp. survived and maintained active photosynthetic metabolism to a greater extent than Schizachyrium and Coreopsis. Furthermore, when Sedum was watered after 28 days of drought, chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) values recovered to values characteristic of the 2 days between watering (DBW) treatment. In contrast, the non-CAM plants required watering frequency every other day to survive and maintain active growth and development. Regardless of species, the greatest increase in total biomass accumulation and fastest growth occurred under the 2 DBW regimens.
Characterization of Isolates of Phytophthora infestans from Four Solanaceous Hosts Growing in Association With Late Blight-infected Commercial Potato Crops
Authors: Deahl Kenneth L. , Jones Richard W. , Perez Frances M. , Shaw David S. , Cooke Louise R.
Published: March 2019

The oomycete, Phytophthora infestans, is a devastating pathogen of potato worldwide. Several genotypes of P. infestans are able to infect other cultivated and weed species of the family Solanaceae and cause symptoms similar to late blight. Changes in P. infestans populations have stimulated investigations to determine if potato strains from new immigrant populations infect nonpotato hosts more often than those from the older population. Expansion of the effective host range may be one of the mechanisms involved in pathogenic changes in natural populations of P. infestans and to determine its significance, it is necessary to establish if the pathogen strains on nonpotato hosts represent distinct genotypes/populations or are freely exchanging with those on potato. This article reports characterization of P. infestans isolates from four solanaceous hosts (black nightshade, hairy nightshade, petunia, and tomato) growing within and around fields of blighted potatoes in four U.S. locations and one U.K. location and their comparison with isolates collected from adjacent infected potatoes. Isolates were characterized for mitochondrial DNA haplotype, mating type, metalaxyl resistance, allozymes of glucose-6-phosphate isomerase and peptidase, and DNA fingerprint with the RG57 probe. Analysis showed close similarity of the petunia, hairy and black nightshade isolates to potato isolates. However, tomatoes from New Jersey and Pennsylvania, respectively, were infected by two distinct and previously unreported pathogen genotoypes, which had quite different fingerprints from P. infestans isolates recovered from nearby infected potatoes. Potato growers should be aware that both weed and cultivated solanaceous species can be infected with P. infestans and may serve as clandestine reservoirs of inoculum. Because some of these plants do not show conspicuous symptoms, they may escape detection and fail to be either removed or treated and so may play a major role in the introduction and spread of pathogens to new locations.
Kozlu Deresinde (Zonguldak) Su Kalitesinin İncelenmesi
Authors: ZEYDAN Özgür , ÖZDOĞAN Nizamettin , TAŞTEPE Pınar Şeyma , DEMİRTAŞ Dilek
Published: March 2019

Günümüzde su
kullanımı nüfusa bağlı olarak her geçen gün artmaktadır. Su ihtiyacının
artması, su kaynaklarının kontrolsüzce kullanımına sebep olmaktadır. Genellikle
az gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerde atık sular, arıtılmadan doğrudan alıcı
ortamlara deşarj edilmektedir. Bu durum su kaynaklarının kalitesini düşürmekte
ve akarsulardan sağlanacak faydayı kısıtlamaktadır. Bu çalışma, Zonguldak Kozlu
Deresinde yapılan ilk kapsamlı su kalitesi çalışmasıdır. Derenin su kalitesini
belirleyebilmek için 2017 Haziran ve Aralık aylarında olmak üzere 2 farklı
zamanda belirlenen 6 farklı noktadan numuneler alınmıştır. Alınan numunelerde
Kimyasal Oksijen İhtiyacı, Biyokimyasal Oksijen İhtiyacı, Askıda Katı Madde,
pH, Toplam Kjeldahl Azotu, fosfor, iletkenlik ile yağ ve gres tayini yapılmıştır. Kimyasal
Oksijen İhtiyacı ve Askıda Katı Madde değerleri için Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemi
yazılımı kullanılarak su kirliliğini gösteren tematik haritalar hazırlanmıştır.
Yapılan analizler sonucunda, Kozlu Deresi’ndeki su kalitesinin Yerüstü Su
Kalitesi Yönetmeliği’ne göre 4. Sınıf olduğu görülmüştür.
Generational links between entrepreneurship, management and puritanism
Authors: Honningdal Grytten Ola , Bjørn Minde Kjell
Published: March 2019

This paper deals with relationships between puritanism, management and entrepreneurship. As this is an on-going debate among economic historians, it focuses on the period from the early 1800s until present times, where Norwegian high profile puritan entrepreneurship serves as the case. The theoretical framework is that entrepreneurship is seen as an important liaison factor representing multifactor productivity in a Solow growth model. The paper provides new insight within different areas on the basis of utilization of available sources. Firstly, it gives new estimates of the entrepreneurship of the puritan leader, Hans Nielsen Hauge (1771–1824). Secondly, it organizes his followers in three generations. The first is those who directly took up his heritage, i.e. Haugeans. Their heydays lasted until the middle of the 19th century. The second generation is characterized as Haugean descendants. These were highly influenced by the movement’s values. They dominated the scene from the late 1800s to the late 1900s. The third generation is called Neo-Haugeans, largely a fruit of the revival of Haugean values during the last decades. Thirdly, the paper maps attributes and motivation of this puritan entrepreneurship during generations. The authors conclude that it was guided by high degree of innovation, family ownership, wide portfolios, and continuity, when stewardship seems to be an important motivational factor.
Expression of Aspergillus aculeatus β-mannanase in Pichia pastoris Yeast and Analysis of Industrially Important Properties of Enzyme
Authors: Lazareva M.N. , Semenko E.I. , Sineoky S.P.
Published: March 2019

β-Mannanases are enzymes for the industrial application and they can be used, in particular, in the feed industry. The most important requirements for feed enzymes are broad pH range, thermal stability and high specific activity. The efficient expression of the man1 gene encoding Aspergillus aculeatus β-1,4-mannanases in Pichia pastoris yeast cells has been obtained for the first time. The industrially valuable properties of the enzyme were confirmed. The obtained data indicate that the man1 gene from A. aculeatus is potentially useful for the construction of industrial mannanase producers on the basis of the Pichia pastoris yeast.

recombinant β-mannanase, Pichia pastoris, Aspergillus aculeatus, overexpression.
The work was financially supported by State project №595-00004-18 PR and used the help of the National Bioresource Center - Russian National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms NRC «Kurchatov Institute» - GosNIIgenetika (Moscow, Russia).
Efekt abskopalny – mechanizm i znaczenie we współczesnej radioterapii.
Authors: Deja Adam
Published: March 2019

Choroba oligometastatyczna pozostaje istotnym problemem klinicznym współczesnej radioterapii. Wyzwaniem dla onkologa radioterapeuty jest zarówno kwalifikacja chorych do leczenia, jak i odpowiedni dobór leczenia. Nadzieją na poprawę wyników leczenia tej specyficznej grupy pacjentów niesie, jak się wydaje, wykorzystanie efektu abskopalnego. Niniejsza praca poglądowa przybliża mechanizm zjawiska oraz jego zastosowanie w klinice. Oligometastatic disease remains an essential clinical issue in modern radiotherapy. Both proper patients selection and optimal therapy approach are a chalange for radiation oncologist. It seems that abscopal effect may improve treatment outcome. This review paper presents the mechanism of the phenomenon and its application in the clinic.
Zastosowanie brachyterapii HDR u chorych z rakiem jelita grubego w leczeniu choroby oligometastatycznej w wątrobie – przegląd technik i wskazań.
Authors: Burchardt Wojciech , Burchardt Ewa
Published: March 2019

Wprowadzenie: W leczeniu rak jelita grubego (RJG), mimo zdiagnozowania stadium IV ( przerzuty nowotworu np. do wątroby) podejmuje się próby leczenia radykalnego, co może dawać długoletnie przeżycia , a nawet wyleczenia. W ostatnich latach rozróżniono w stopniu IV choroby nowotworowej chorobę oligometastatyczną (OLM). Choroba OLM oznacza etap w przebiegu choroby nowotworowej , kiedy liczba i objętość ognisk przerzutowych jest policzalna.Metoda: Przeanalizowano obecny stan w wiedzy w oparciu o dostępne publikacje i doniesienia z onkologicznych konferencji międzynarodowych , dotyczących leczenia zmian przerzutowych raka jelita grubego (RJG) w wątrobie. Przedstawiono techniki przezskórnej brachyterapii HDR zmian w wątrobie i przedstawiono jej zastosowanie.Wyniki:  RJG daje przerzuty do wątroby w ok. 50 % przypadków. W opublikowanych badaniach wykazano, że połączenie leczenia miejscowego z leczeniem systemowym daje lepsze wyniki leczenia oraz wydłuża przeżycie u chorych z nieresekcyjnymi przerzutami do wątroby w porównaniu do samodzielnego leczenia systemowego . Przezskórna brachyterapia zmian w wątrobie to bezpieczna i skuteczną metodą leczenia, której zastosowanie ciągle wzrasta. Ma szczególne zastosowanie w guzach wątroby , które są nieoperacyjne i nie mogą być poddane leczeniu termicznym lub teleradioterapii. W odróżnieniu od technik termicznych brachyterapia cechuje się wysoką kontrolą miejscową zmian nawet > 5 cm,  w guzach położonych blisko narządów krytycznych i dużych naczyń. Jest to metoda, która uzupełnia możliwości leczenia zmian w wątrobie RJG.Wnioski: Brachyterapia choroby oligometastatycznej RJG w odróżnieniu od technik termicznych cechuje się wysoką precyzją leczenia z niską toksycznością w narządach krytycznych. Jednakże to postępowanie nie jest odpowiednie dla chorych z mnogimi przerzutami.
Multi-component Preparation of Pyrazolo[3,4-d]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidines Using Solvent-free and HSBM Techniques
Authors: Roudbaraki Seyyed Jalal , Ziyaadini Morteza , Ghashang Majid
Published: March 2019

Simple and clean access to pyrazolo[3,4-d]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine derivatives using solvent-
free and HSBM techniques through the multi-component reaction of 3-methyl-1-phenyl-1Hpyrazol-
5-amine, 1-aryl-2-thiocyanatoethan-1-one and aromatic aldehydes are reported. Using
2-hydroxyethan-1-aminium acetate as an ionic liquid, the product in high yields is obtained.
Herpes Zoster Onset 9 Years After First Varicella Zoster Vaccination in an 11-year-old Child - A Case Report
Authors: Plachouri Kerasia-Maria , Gkentzi Despoina , Varvarigou Anastasia , Georgiou Sophia , Dimitriou Gabriel
Published: March 2019

Background:

Herpes zoster (HZ) tends to affect the elderly population and immunocompromised
younger patients. However, HZ cases in healthy children have also been reported.

Objective:

This paper is a reminder to physicians, that Herpes Zoster can still be present in children,
even in the era after the development of the varicella vaccine and its introduction in the national
immunization programs globally.

Methods:

We present the case of an immunocompetent 11-year old vaccinated male patient, who
developed a HZ infection. The child had received two doses of the VZV vaccination (Varivax®),
nine years (first dose) and six years (second dose) prior to the infection.

Results:

Together with the case presentation, we summarize in this report the most recent published
data, concerning the HZ prevalence in healthy varicella zoster vaccinated children.

Conclusion:

Vaccinated pediatric patients are not completely free of risk concerning HZ. Physicians,
especially pediatricians and dermatologists, should be alert in order to recognize and treat
HZ early, so as to avoid further complications.
Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 2-Aminobenzimidazole Derivatives as DPP4 Inhibitors
Authors: Sunil Sreeja , Smith Arul G.D.A. , S. Mathan
Published: March 2019

Background:

The objective of the research was to examine the DPPIV inhibitor activity of synthetic derivatives of 2-aminobenzimidazole derivatives by the in-vivo method.

Methods:

Molecular docking was performed using homology model of receptors to identify the binding sites for the inhibitory activity of diabetes by means of- CDocker energy using the Discovery Studio (DS) 4.5 Novel 2-amino benzimidazole derivatives were synthesized from orthophenylene diamine with cyanogens bromide. The synthesized compounds were identified by IR,1HNMR,13CNMR, and MASS spectroscopic techniques. The products were analyzed for their DPPIV inhibitory effects on Wistar Albino rat.

Results:

The results revealed that benzimidazole with para-aminobenzoic acid possesses best DPPIV inhibitor activity. 2- amino benzimidazole incorporated with aromatic compounds were synthesized and assessed for their DPP-IV inhibitor activity.

Conclusion:

2- amino benzimidazole with para-aminobenzoic acid can be used as a lead compound for the development of a new class of DPP-IV inhibitor.
Biosynthesis of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Using Lactobacillus casei Subsp. Casei and its Anticancer and Antibacterial Activities
Authors: Kouhkan Mehri , Ahangar Parinaz , Babaganjeh Leila Ashrafi , Allahyari-Devin Maryam
Published: March 2019

Background:

The present study reveals the synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) by probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei) and demonstrates the cytotoxic effects of these nanoparticles against gram negative and positive bacteria and cancer cell lines.

Methods:

The CuO NPs are biosynthesized from Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei (L. casei) in an eco-friendly and cost-effective process. These nanoparticles are characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and transmittance electron microscope (TEM) analysis. The antibacterial activity is examined by Well-diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) assays using Broth microdilution. Anticancer effects of these nanoparticles are evaluated by methyl thiazolyl diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and Griess test.

Results:

Our results confirm the biosynthesis of CuO NPs from L. casei. Antibacterial assays demonstrate that treatment of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria with CuO NPs inhibits the growth of these bacteria. Furthermore, the cell viability of human cancer cells decreases while treated by nanoparticles. These nanoparticles increase nitric oxide (NO) secretion determined by NO production measurement.

Conclusion:

These results suggest that CuO NPs may exert antibacterial effects as well as cytotoxic effects on cancer cells by suppressing their growth, increasing the oxidative stress and inducing apoptosis.
Stress-Induced Hyperthermia in Translational Stress Research
Authors: H. Vinkers Christiaan , Penning Renske , M. Ebbens Marieke , Hellhammer Juliane , C. Verste Joris , J. Kalkman Cor , Olivier Berend
Published: March 2019

The stress-induced hyperthermia (SIH) response is the transient change in body temperature in response to
acute stress. This body temperature response is part of the autonomic stress response which also results in tachycardia and
an increased blood pressure. So far, a SIH response has been found in a variety of species (including rodents, baboons,
turtles, pigs, impalas and chimpanzees), and there are indications that stress exposure alters body temperature in humans.
This review aims to assess the translational potential and the different aspects of the body temperature reaction in
response to stress. If stress-induced temperature changes are consistent across species, the SIH paradigm may be
employed in preclinical and clinical setups and provide a tool to examine the pharmacological, genetic and mechanistic
background of stress at both the preclinical and the clinical level.
The Relationship Between Organizational Climate, Organizational Commitment and Job Burnout: Case Study Among Employees of the University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Seyyedmoharrami Iman , Dehaghi Behzad Fouladi , Abbaspour Sedigheh , Zandi Anahita , Tatari Maryam , Teimori Gholamheidar , Torbati Abbas Ghodrati
Published: March 2019

Background and Objective:

Organizational climate and organizational commitment have a tangible effect on organizational performance. This study aims to investigate organizational climate in a university of medical sciences along with organizational commitment and job burnout in the university staff.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study is carried outviadescriptive-analytical method on 250 employees of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Iran in 2016. Data collection tools include standard questionnaires of organizational climate, organizational commitment, and Maslach burnout inventory. Data analysis was carried out with SPSS software version 21 and Man-Whitney statistical tests, Kruskal-Wallis analysis, ANOVA, Chi-2, and Spearman’s correlation tests.

Results:

Average age of the participants was 34.52 ± 7.70 including 55.6% men and 44.4% women. In the present study, organizational climate of employees was medium and high, and also, mean score of the organizational commitment of subjects was 66.11 ± 16.35. The highest amount of employees job burnout was related to low level (66%). Organizational climate among the employees lead to higher organizational commitment (r=0.472, P<0.001), and greater organizational climate and commitment contributes significantly towards a decrease in job burnout (r=-0.227, P<0.001; r=-0.335, P<0.001).

Conclusion:

If the managers of these deputies pay more attention to the importance of the services of the health staff and manpower employed in this organization, they can improve the organizational commitment of healthcare workers and prevent their burnout, in order to maximize the quality of service delivery.
Targeting Breast Cancer Stem Cells (BCSCs) with Liposomal Formulations
Authors: Al-Mahmood Sumayah
Published: March 2019

Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are a small proportion of cells that may be responsible
for improving the resistance of cancer cells to the treatment and metastasis of breast cancer (MBC).
Nanovehicles such as liposomes are extensively explored for diagnosis, treatment, and imaging of
cancer. Targeted therapy with nanoparticles can be used to overcome the chemoresistance problem of
cancer stem cells. Liposomes are lipid bilayer nanocarriers that have the ability to inhibit Pglycoprotein
to overcome multidrug resistance that makes liposome ideal choice for using in BCSCs
therapy. The main objective of this review is to describe novel liposomal formulations that are used in
targeting BCSCs, which help in improving breast cancer treatment.
Dependence of the passive force Fp from the revolutions, back engagement of cutting edge ae, working engagement of the cutting edge ap during milling
Authors: Javorek Lubomir
Published: March 2019

In this contribution is analysed the force component of final force (passive force) by peripheral milling operation. Therefore, the main parameters that had influence to independent variable were revolutions, back engagement of a cutting edge ae, working engagement of the cutting edge ap. The article deals with the issue of milling in material AlMgSi0.5 (aluminium alloy). Specifically evaluates the force component with respect to change of revolutions (4000/min., 5000/min., 6000/min.), working engagement of the cutting edge ap (1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm) and back engagement of a cutting edge ae (5 mm, 10 mm, 15 mm). The Alfaflex process fluid with 7% concentration was supplied in an amount of about cca 10 l/min.
Exhaust System Muffler Volume Optimization of Light Commercial passenger Car Using Transfer Matrix Method
Authors: Mohamad Barhm , Jalics Károly , Kermani Milad
Published: March 2019

Nowadays, the automotive industry is focused on weight and size reduction. Main advantage of this weight and size reduction are improving the fuel economy. The specific fuel consumption of a vehicle can be improved through e.g. downsizing area of heat loss, if we focus on vehicle with weight reduction. Weight reduction can be done by replacing material or by changing the size (dimensions) of components. In the present work we have focused on Audi A6 muffler, troubleshooting and optimizing the muffler by changing pipe length of inlet and outlet, also by replacing the original mesh plate to porous pipe. Based on optimization, prototype has been built with the help of 3D design tool CATIA V5 and the calculations of transmission loss (TL) have been performed by MATLAB. Plane wave-based models such as the transfer matrix method (TMM) can offer fast initial prototype solutions for muffler designers. The principles of TMM for predicting the transmission loss of a muffler was used. Result of this present study of an existing muffler has been analysed and then compared with vehicle level test observation data. Noise level have been optimized for new muffler design. Other literatures were played significant rule for validate our results.
Numerical Model Analysis of Myring–Savonius wind turbines
Authors: Saleh M. , Szodrai Ferenc
Published: March 2019

Nowadays the importance of renewable energy is growing, and the utilization of the low wind energy potential is getting crucial. There are turbines with low and high tip speed ratio. Turbines with low tip speed ratio such as the Savonius wind turbine can generate adequate amount of torque at low wind velocities. These types of turbines are also called drag machines. The geometry of the blade can greatly influence the efficiency of the device. With Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method, several optimizations can be done before the production. In our paper the Savonius wind turbine blade geometry was based on the so-called Myring equation. The primary objective of this paper was to increase the power coefficient by modelling the effect of the wind on the turbine blade. For the sake of simplicity, a 2D cross-sectional area was investigated in the simulation with ANSYS CFX 19.1.
Local Annealing of Cold Rolled Aluminum Sheets by LASER Treatment
Authors: Bubonyi Tamás , Bánóczy Zsuzsanna , Barkóczy Péter , Buza Gábor
Published: March 2019

LASER treatment widely used in material processing technologies. The annealing is not the typical application of the LASER treatment, but this is possible to apply in case of cold deformed metals. In the article a cold rolled EN AW 8006 aluminum sheet is annealed by LASER treatment. The microstructure of the annealed sheets is observed by optical microscopy. An existing cellular automata simulation of recrystallization process is modified to study the LASER annealing. The observed microstructure and the simulated results are compared to determine the further development of the developed automaton.
Properties of Cellulose Sheets Modified with Potassium-Humate and Copper (II)-Sulfate
Authors: Tóth Annamária , Halász Katalin
Published: March 2019

Throughout our research we have made potassium-humate from brown coal of Dudar. With potassiumhumate and copper(II)-sulfate we made test sheets of linter cellulose fibers. The surface energy, surface wettability, CIE Lab color-coordinates changing, bending resistance and tensile strength of the produced test sheets has been examined. There was no big difference in the different samples during surface energy and wettability testing. Examination of mechanical properties suggests that potassium-humate content increases bending resistance of the test sheets. The bending resistance of samples increased by 32%, 100% and 336% compared to the control test sheets while adding potassium-humate.