bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penerapan Project Based Learning dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Mahasiswa pada Mata Kuliah Matematika Diskrit
Authors: Prihandini Rafiantika Megahnia , Adawiyah Robiatul
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar mahasiswa dalam mata kuliah matematika diskrit melalui model project based learning. Objek penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa semester 4 program studi pendidikan matematika FKIP Universitas Jember. Metode penelitian merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan dua siklus yaitu siklus I dan siklus II. Sedangkan tes dipilih sebagai teknik penelitian yang kemudian dianalisis dengan bantuan software SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebelum tindakan terdapat 9 orang mahasiswa dengan persentase 28% yang memenuhi standar minimal kelulusan. Setelah dilakukan tindakan, terdapat peningkatan hasil belajar mahasiswa yaitu dari 22 orang dengan persentase 69% menjadi 30 orang dengan persentase 94%. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa model project based learning dapat membantu dalam proses peningkatan hasil belajar mahasiswa.
The Coupler
Authors: Castanha Rafael Gutierres
Published: December 2022

Introdução: O uso de linguagens de programação no contexto dos Estudos Métricos da Informação tem conquistado espaço junto à comunidade científica da área devido sua praticidade, gratuidade e possivelmente, baixo custo computacional. Objetivos: Apresenta uma ferramenta bibliométrica nova, gratuita e alternativa, voltada para análises relacionais de citação, com foco no acoplamento bibliográfico, construída sobre a linguagem de programação R, intitulada The Coupler. Metodologia: Fundamenta as análises relacionais de citação, cocitação e acoplamento bibliográfico sob a ótica matemática e apresenta o código fonte da ferramenta e as condições em que foi construída e disponibilizada ao público. Para testagem da ferramenta, utiliza dados genéricos e expõe todas suas funcionalidades. Para demonstração de uso com dados reais, opera dados bibliométricos, patentométricos, altmétricos e linguagem natural. Resultados: A ferramenta é capaz de construir matrizes de citação, acoplamento e cocitação além de calcular os valores normalizados via Cosseno de Salton e Índice de Jaccard das frequências de acoplamento bibliográfico. Ainda, constrói a rede de acoplamento bibliográfico e identifica as unidades de acoplamento responsáveis por cada par de acoplamento. Este último, resultado incomum aos tradicionais softwares bibliométricos. Conclusão: Conclui que a ferramenta se comporta de maneira esperada e satisfatória ao processar tanto os dados genéricos quanto os dados bibliométricos, patentométricos, altmétricos e de linguagem natural. Dentre os resultados, constata como principal resultado, e diferencial dos demais softwares, a identificação das unidades de acoplamento, bem como os cálculos das frequências de acoplamento normalizadas via Cosseno de Salton e Índice de Jaccard.
use of amniotic membrane for wound healing in burn injuries
Authors: Prawoto Almas Nur , Dachlan Ishandono
Published: December 2022

Background: Burn injuries are associated with significant mortality and morbidity around the world. The care of burn wounds requires a great amount of medical resources therefore it is important to find a wound dressing that accelerates wound healing and is readily available.
Objectives: This review article will provide an overview of the literature and background of the usage of amniotic membranes in burn patients. We will also discuss its properties of preventing infections, relieving pain, how it promotes and accelerates wound healing.
Discussion: Human amniotic membrane is now used around the world as a relatively cheap temporary dressing for burn wounds. It has been shown to promote wound healing, create a moist environment, reduce pain intensity, reduce scar formation, prevent water and electrolyte disturbances and also reduce the risk of infections. Research has also shown that it contains antimicrobial properties that could be of great benefit in burn patients and is compatible to use in developing countries because it is readily available, easy to obtain and sterilize, able to cover wounds of large size, protects the wound from excessive water and electrolyte loss, reduces pain intensity, requires fewer dressing changes and is also more cost effective than conventional dressings.
Conclusion: Amniotic membrane is a biological dressing that can be useful in the treatment of burn wounds. Further research should be conducted to investigate and understand the mechanisms of amniotic membrane for burn and wound care.
Management of a rare case of pediatric deep sternal wound infection with vacuum-assisted closure (VAC)
Authors: Ramli Rianto Noviady , Kusumaputri Ayu Prima , Prabowo Arif Yudho , Kurnia Yunanto , Prawoto Almas Nur
Published: December 2022

Background: Deep sternal wound infection (DSWI) or mediastinitis is a severe and life-threatening infection with high morbidity and mortality rates. Vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) provides good results and is very useful in wound closure. VAC therapy is a safe and affordable method for managing complex sternal and thoracic injuries. The use of VAC has been shown to increase parasternal blood flow by dilating arterioles, reducing bacterial load, and accelerating granulation tissue formation. It also helps with facilitating wound edge closure.
Case and Operation Technique: A 6-month-old baby presented with an ulcer 2 cm deep in the thorax region. The wound had an exposed bone surrounded by slough and hyperemic edges. Bone destruction was seen to have reached the costochondral joint with a gross visible appearance of the pleura. Management of this patient included debridement, sternotomy, internal fixation of the sternum using the Robiscek technique, and application of the Water Shield Drainage (WSD) and VAC. The tobacco-sack technique was used to close the open wound. The Robiscek technique was used in this patient because of the bone destruction to the costochondral joints causing the sternum to become unstable. The VAC dressing was then connected to a suction with an intermittent negative pressure of 75mmHg. After a significant decrease in the wound surface area, a local rotational flap was used to close the wound.
Conclusion: The use of modified VAC for deep sternal wound infection (DSWI) is effective, simple, and affordable with minimal complications.
O pentecostalismo quadrangular em diálogo com a pneumatologia de Comblin
Authors: Grijo Brasil Jefferson , Aguiar Nobre José
Published: December 2022

O pentecostalismo da Igreja do Evangelho Quadrangular é estudado aqui numa comparação com a pneumatologia de José Comblin. Este ensaio objetiva estabelecer o diálogo entre uma prática popular pentecostal e a pneumatologia de Comblin. O método é a pesquisa de revisão bibliográfica e entende que o crescimento da Igreja do Evangelho Quadrangular está diretamente associado à pneumatologia estudada por Comblin, envolvendo o leigo e a sua espiritualidade. A pneumatologia de Comblin proporciona um diálogo por sua reflexão sobre o leigo e os pentecostais em alguns de seus textos. O estudo analisa os escritos de Comblin sobre o tema, averiguando se o seu pensamento contribui com a reflexão pneumatológica pentecostal. Indagamos: podem-se aproximar os conceitos de espiritualidade pentecostal da Igreja do Evangelho Quadrangular e do Espírito em Comblin, com a proposição de diálogo entre parte do pentecostalismo e parte da pneumatologia católica? A expectativa é que este ensaio pode, ao final, contribuir para a melhor compreensão da ação do Espírito pelos leigos.
RELIGIÃO E TEOLOGIA: A quem interessa? É relevante na sociedade? Ensaio sobre a postura social da religião protestante nos clássicos
Authors: Cavalcante Ronaldo
Published: December 2022

O Brasil de hoje, sem entrar em juízo de valor, é um espaço de “Inundação religiosa”; é o que perguntava, anos atrás, o teólogo jesuíta João B. Libânio: “Que atitude crítica a fé cristã, de corte libertador, estabelece com essa inundação religiosa?”. Por isso, desde a década de 1980, os estudos de religião tornaram-se campo de pesquisa e produção acadêmicas, tanto na graduação quanto na pós-gradução, presentes em todas as regiões do país. Simultaneamente, a tradição teológica brasileira que em sua totalidade filiava-se a uma ou outra confessionalidade religiosa (católica ou protestante), oferecendo cursos livres, inicia o seu percurso na busca de autorização e reconhecimento da academia, junto a universidades públicas ou mesmo comunitárias e confessionais, muito embora ainda ficasse, durante anos, sob a tutela da filosofia, portanto, sem um status de maioridade.
Graphene Introduces the Second Negative Fine Structure Constant, Negative Speed of Light, and the Imaginary Set of Base Planck Units
Authors: Łukaszyk Szymon
Published: December 2022

The reflectance $R$ of monolayer graphene for the normal incidence of electromagnetic radiation is known to be remarkably defined only by $\pi$ and the fine structure constant $\alpha$. It is shown in this paper that the reflectance (or the sum of transmittance and absorptance) of monolayer graphene, expressed as a quadratic equation with respect to the fine structure constant $\alpha$ must unsurprisingly introduce the 2$^\text{nd}$ fine structure constant $\alpha_2$, as the 2$^\text{nd}$ root of this equation. It turns out that this 2$^\text{nd}$ fine structure constant is negative, and the sum of its reciprocal with the reciprocal of the \emph{physical} fine structure constant $\alpha$ is independent of the reflectance value $R$ and remarkably equals $-\pi$. Particular algebraic definition of the fine structure constant $\alpha^{-1} = 4\pi^3 + \pi^2 + \pi$, containing the free $\pi$ term, when introduced to this sum, yields $\alpha_2^{-1} = -4\pi^3 - \pi^2 - 2\pi < 0$. Assuming universal validity of the physical definition of $\alpha$, $\alpha_2$ defines the negative speed of light in vacuum $c_n$ and introduces the imaginary set of base Planck units. The average of this speed and the speed of light in vacuum is in the range of the Fermi velocity ($10^6$ m/s).
Investigation of GOx Stability in Chitosan Matrix: Application for Enzymatic Electrodes
Authors: Chmayssem Ayman , Shalayel Ibrahim , Marinesco Stéphane , Zebda Abdelkader
Published: December 2022

In this study, we designed a new biosensing membrane for the development of an electrochemical glucose biosensor. To proceed, we used a chitosan-based hydrogel that entraps glucose oxidase enzyme (GOx) and we crosslinked the whole matrix using glutaraldehyde, which is known for its quick and reactive crosslinking behavior. Then, the stability of the designed biosensors was investigated over time according to different storage conditions (in PBS solution at temperatures of 4 °C and 37 °C and in the presence or absence of glucose). In some specific conditions, we found that our biosensor is capable to keep its stability for more than six months of storage. We also included catalase to protect the biosensing membranes from the enzymatic reaction by-products (e.g., hydrogen peroxide). This design protects the biocatalytic activity of GOx and enhances the biosensor lifetime.
Quantum Logic Locking for Security
Authors: Topaloglu Rasit Onur
Published: December 2022

Having access to a unique quantum circuit that one wants to protect against use by others is a very likely scenario. However currently users rely on classical computer security schemes, which have known shortcomings. In this chapter we introduce a novel protection scheme along with a survey of other known methods to protect quantum information. In particular we review physically unclonable functions (PUFs), obfuscation, and introduce quantum logic locking.
Unique Amphibole Bearing Mantle Column Beneath the Lenin-Grad Kimberlite Pipe, West Ukukit field, NE Yakutia.
Authors: Ashchepkov Igor Victorovich , Babushkina Svetlana Anatolievna , Mevedev Nikolai Sergeevich , Oleinikov Oleg Borisovich , Yudin Denis Sergevich , Karmanov Nikolai Semenovich
Published: December 2022

In the subcratonic lithospheric mantle (SCLM) beneath Leningrad pipe (West Ukukit field), Yakutia garnet thermobarometry allows us to identify seven horizons (paleo subduction slab). Microprobe data for Cr-bearing amphiboles >500 grains from mantle xenoliths and concentrates reveal a broad range of compositions changing from Cr- pargasitic hornblendes to pargasites, edinites, kataforites, К-richterites with increasing pressure determined with new amphibole ther-mobarometer constructed by the first author The low pressure (LP) Cr-hornblendes and pargasites compiles the high-temperature branch (90-60 mw/m2) from 3.5 GPa to Moho traced by basaltic cumulates. In the middle part of SCLM edinites mark 35 to 40 mw/m2 geotherms. At high pres-sures kataforites also vary in thermal conditions. Richterites near the lithosphere base trace both low –and high temperature convective branches. The amphiboles reveal divisions into 9 chemical groups. The melts coexistion with amphiboles have concave patters typical for subduction related melts. LP varieties reveal Eu inflection U, Rb, Ba, Sr peaks and deep troughs in HFSE (except Zr), Pb. The pargasites show high U peaks and relativle less HFSE depressions. Encreasing in pressure for edinites, kataforites and richterise are accompanied byrise in U and Zr peak gentling of depressions in Th, Sr, Nb and Hf and less in Nb,Ta, Hf and peak in Zr and also decrease in LREE and REE. Clinopyroxenes and garnets show variable trace element patterns and divisions in groups with the plume and subduction signatures. The contrasting behaviour of Ta and Nb is regulated by the rutile partition coefficients likely for primary eclogites. Subduction and Na and K (siliceous) types of fluids percolated through the mantle with abundant eclogites possibly was accompanied by amphibolization at the different levels through all the mantle column. The plume melts produced hybridism with the mantle metasomatic assembleges which created more smooth trace element patterns in reacted minerals, clinopyroxene. The new version of monomineral amphibole thermobarometry is suggested
Lab-On-a-Chip Technologies for Microgravity Simulation and Space Applications
Authors: Vashi Aditya , Sreejith Kamalalayam Rajan , Nguyen Nam-Trung
Published: December 2022

Gravity played an important role in the development of life on earth. The effect of gravity on a living organisms can be investigated by controlling the magnitude of gravity. Most reduced gravity experiments are conducted on the lower earth orbit (LEO) in the International Space Station (ISS). However, running experiments in ISS face challenges such as high cost, extreme condition, lack of direct accessibility, and long waiting period. Therefore, researchers have developed various ground-based devices and methods to perform reduced gravity experiments. However, the search for life outside the earth requires more intensive research. Advancements in conventional methods and the development of new tools are required for this purpose. The advantages of Lab-on-a-Chip (LOC) devices make them an attractive option for simulating microgravity. This paper briefly reviews the advancement of LOC technologies for simulating microgravity in a earth-based laboratory.
Contribution of High-Resolution Digital Twins for the Definition of Rockfall Activity and Associated Hazard Modelling
Authors: Robiati Carlo , Mastrantoni Giandomenico , Francioni Mirko , Eyre Matthew , Coggan John , Mazzanti Paolo
Published: December 2022

The increased accessibility of drone technology and the wide use of Structure from Motion 3D scene reconstruction have transformed the approach for mapping inaccessible slopes undergoing active rockfalls. The Poggio Baldi landslide offers the possibility for many of these techniques to be deployed and integrated with the aim of defining a suitable workflow for the analysis of hazards in mountainous regions. The generation of multitemporal digital slope twins (2016 – 2019), informed a rockfall trajectory analysis that was carried out with a physical-based GIS model. We tested the rockfall scenario reconstructed and calibrated on the analysis of the rock mass characteristics and the geometrical and physical constraints given by the multi-temporal analysis of the SfM point clouds. This time-independent rockfall hazard analysis is a critical component to any subsequent holistic risk analysis on this case study, and any potential similar mountainous setting.
Social Behaviour of Domestic Yaks in Manang, Nepal: An Etho-ethnographic Study
Authors: Johnson Théophile , Pilleboue Emma , Herbrich Maxime , Garine Eric , Sueur Cedric
Published: December 2022

Herdsmen use different techniques, as per varying geographies and cultures, to keep the cohesion within herds and avoid animals getting lost or predated. However, there is no study on the social behaviour of yaks and on herdsmen management practices. Therefore, this ethology study was initiated by ethnographic inquiries. In Manang, the success of the shepherd is dictated by his personal attribute of “Khula man” or open-heartedness. This attribute refers to good intentions and emotions such as empathy that allows the shepherd to focus more on others than on ownself. This cultural method of assessing the skills required to become a successful and knowledgable shepherd guided us to study the effect of cultural values on the herd’s social behavior. We collected data from two herds living at the same settlement (Yak kharka, 4,100 m altitude, Nepal) by equipping them with loggers. One of the herdsman used the tether rope while other did not. Moreover, the Thaku herd had a more proactive shepherd than the Phurba one. In each herd, 17 animals were equipped with one actigraph wgt3x-BT to measure activity using accelerometer and spatial associations using proximity recorder. One of the herds was equipped with GPS (N=11) as well. Using GPS locations and activity, we showed that the two herds were cohesive and synchronised their activities but the herd with the tether rope was more cohesive. The shepherds also have personal knowledge of the social relationships of their herds and use these relationships to keep the group cohesive and to well manage cattle.
The Effects of Social Support on Depression and Vital Exhaustion during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rekenyi Viktor , Garbóczy Szabolcs , Szemán-Nagy Anita , Al-Tammemi Ala’a B. , Sayed-Ahmad Mohamed , Kolozsvári László Róbert
Published: December 2022

Background: Our study aimed to assess the differences between domestic and international students in terms of social support, vital exhaustion, and depression during the time of COVID-19. Methods: The online cross-sectional survey was conducted via Google Forms® at three time intervals during the pandemic. Results: Respectively 1320, 246, and 139 students completed our questionnaires in the different time intervals. International students reported significantly lower values of perceived social support. Women reached higher scores regarding vital exhaustion in both samples. Concerning depression, international female students had higher values than their male counterparts but the difference diminished with time. No differences could be found in the comparison of depression between domestic female and male students. Significant correlations were found between depression, perceived social support, and vital exhaustion. Discussion: International students perceive diminished social support just when they need more. Decreased levels of perceived social support may contribute to the development of their psychological problems.
Insurance-Based Discrimination Reports and Access to Care Among Nonelderly US Adults, 2011–2019
Authors: Call Kathleen Thiede , Alarcon-Espinoza Giovann , Arthur Natalie Schwer Mac , Jones-Webb Rhonda
Published: December 2022

Objectives. To report insurance-based discrimination rates for nonelderly adults with private, public, or no insurance between 2011 and 2019, a period marked by passage and implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) and threats to it.

Methods. We used 2011–2019 data from the biennial Minnesota Health Access Survey. Each year, about 4000 adults aged 18 to 64 years report experiences with insurance-based discrimination. Using logistic regressions, we examined associations between insurance-based discrimination and (1) sociodemographic factors and (2) indicators of access.

Results. Insurance-based discrimination was stable over time and consistently related to insurance type: approximately 4% for adults with private insurance compared with adults with public insurance (21%) and no insurance (27%). Insurance-based discrimination persistently interfered with confidence in getting needed care and forgoing care.

Conclusions. Policy changes from 2011 to 2019 affected access to health insurance, but high rates of insurance-based discrimination among adults with public insurance or no insurance were impervious to such changes.

Public Health Implications. Stable rates of insurance-based discrimination during a time of increased access to health insurance via the ACA suggest deeper structural roots of health care inequities. We recommend several policy and system solutions. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(2):213–223. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.307126 )
Graft Options for Hip Labral Reconstruction
Authors: DeFroda Steven F. , Hanish Stefan , Muhammad Maaz , Cook James L. , Crist Brett
Published: December 2022

➢ Arthroscopic hip labral reconstruction is a complex procedure which is growing in use as indications, techniques, and surgical expertise advance.

➢ Graft selection is an important component of labral reconstruction based on relative advantages and disadvantages of available types of autografts and allografts.

➢ The ideal graft should mimic the native acetabular labrum form and function while also being affordable, readily available, and associated with low morbidity.

➢ High rates of patient satisfaction and positive patient-reported outcomes have been reported after labral reconstruction using several graft types.
NEXUS OF RISK AND STABILITY IN ISLAMIC BANKS DURING THE PANDEMIC: EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA
Authors: Sunarsih Sunarsih , Al Hashfi Rizqi Umar , Munawaroh U’um , Suhari Endang
Published: December 2022

This paper analyzes the effect of liquidity risk and credit risk on Islamic bank stability and whether the risk-stability nexus changes during the Covid-19 pandemic. Using a panel quarterly dataset of 14 Islamic banks from 2017 to 2020, a total of 224 quarterly-bank observations in total and the system generalized method of moment, we find that credit risk and liquidity risk are negatively associated with bank stability. Moreover, the COVID-19 does not alter the negative relationship between liquidity risk and stability. To validate the results, we also estimate the model using the LSDVC. The LSDVC results remain consistent. These results provide new insight into understanding risk management implementation for minimizing these risks.
ECONOMIC OUTPUT, MONETARY POLICY TRANSMISSION AND THE ROLE OF ISLAMIC BANKS: EVIDENCE FROM PAKISTAN DUAL BANKING SYSTEM
Authors: Ali Azam , Zulkhibri Muhamed , Kishwar Tanveer
Published: December 2022

Using co-integration analysis, this study evaluates the role of Islamic banks in monetary transmission and the economic growth of Pakistani economy. More specifically, it investigates the role of Islamic bank deposits and financing in the transmission of monetary policy impacts to the real economy. The findings suggest that Islamic bank financing and deposits play key roles in Pakistan's monetary transmission process. The bank lending channel has the potential to become a major channel of monetary transmission in Pakistan's economy. The bank lending channel highlights the significance of Islamic financial institutions in disseminating the effects of monetary policy across the economy. Therefore, more efforts should be made to establish a more effective Islamic money market, which might offer Islamic banks with an alternative funding source.
Deformation Response of Tunnel Lining in Geological Area of Coal Seam Group Caused by Explosion Stress Wave
Authors: Xie Caijin , Tao Tiejun , Tian Xingchao
Published: December 2022

To study the influence of drilling and blasting on the deformation of the tunnel lining in a multimedium surrounding rock section, this paper constructs the deformation calculation theory of the explosion stress wave of the tunnel lining. We select single-medium surrounding rock, multimedium surrounding rock, different explosion accelerations, and different surrounding rock grades as research variables and analyse in depth the causes of the deformation response of the tunnel lining. It is found that the stress wave causes more damage to the surrounding rock closer to the explosion point, and the disturbance to the surrounding rock increases with the increase of the acceleration of the explosion stress wave. And the better the surrounding rock grade, the more obvious the creep effect formed by the explosion stress wave, and the more damaging the stress wave propagation is to the tunnel lining. After the stress wave propagation medium changes from soft to hard, the energy will produce a “nest effect” at the interface between the two media, and the energy will accumulate briefly at the interface. When a certain amount of energy has accumulated, it propagates into the hard medium in an excited state, which causes large vibration of the tunnel lining in the soft medium area. The stress wave propagation medium changes from hard to soft, and the excessive energy in the hard medium produces huge vibration only at the junction of the hard–soft media, and there is no “nest effect.”
Organic neuromorphic spiking circuit for retina-inspired sensory coding and neurotransmitter-mediated neural pathways
Authors: Matrone Giovanni Maria , Doremaele Eveline van , Griggs Sophie , Ye Gang , McCulloch Iain , Santoro Francesca , de Burgt Yoeri van
Published: December 2022

The fundamental mechanisms of signal communication within the human body rely on the spiking frequency of action potentials.1,2 Through biological receptors and afferent neuronal cells, stimuli from the external world are encoded into a spiking pattern and transmitted to the central nervous systems where they are processed via interneurons. Replicating the interdependent functions of receptors, afferent neurons and interneurons with spiking circuits 1, sensors3 and biohybrid synapses4 is an essential first step towards merging neuromorphic circuits and biological systems, crucial for computing at the biological interface. We present a novel adaptive spiking circuit that replicates afferent neurons sensory coding from external physical stimuli. We emulate the neuromodulatory activity of interneurons by associating the spiking circuit with biohybrid synapses demonstrating an interdependent chemical synaptic connection. To establish a full neuronal pathway, we combine these key biological functions, showing the signal transduction from light stimulus to spiking frequency and to dopamine-mediated plasticity: a retinal pathway primitive.
Risk Factors of Type2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Prospective Cohort Studies
Authors: Sara Geravandi , Sara Emamgholipour , Yuanyuan Gu , Kompal Sinha , Mohsen Pakdaman , Ali Akbari Sari , Amin Salehi-Abargouei
Published: December 2022

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is rapidly increasing across the world and so is the related academic research. This study undertook a systematic review of extant systematic reviews and meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies, to identify, summarise, and synthesise the available evidence on the factors associated with the risk of T2DM incidence. A systematic literature search across three databases and Google Scholar, as well as hand-searching of reference lists and citations of eligible papers were conducted for systematic reviews that included a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Methodological quality of eligible reviews was assessed with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) recommendations and a Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) technique. Forty eligible systematic reviews and meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies examining factors that may be associated with the risk of T2DM were published between 2007 and 2020. Results suggest that adherence to healthy dietary patterns, coffee intake, tea consumption more than 3–4 cups per day, normal quality and quantity of sleep, regular physical activity, low to moderate alcohol consumption (specially wine) were associated with reduced risk of T2DM, while low socio- economic position, smoking, poor quality and quantity of sleep, unhealthy lifestyles, exposure to some air pollutants and noise traffic were associated with increased risk of T2DM. Further prospective studies with well design and sufficient follow-up period (> 10 years) are needed to confirm the available evidence.
The influence and impact of livelihood capitals on livelihood diversification strategies in developing countries: A systematic literature review
Authors: Habib Nusrat , Ariyawardana Anoma , Aziz Ammar Abdul
Published: December 2022

Livelihood diversification is an essential strategy for managing economic and environmental shocks and reducing rural poverty in developing countries. This article presents a comprehensive two-part literature review on livelihood capital and livelihood diversification strategies. Firstly, it identifies the role of livelihood capital in determining livelihood diversification strategies, and secondly, it assesses the role of livelihood diversification strategies in reducing rural poverty in developing countries. Evidence suggests that human, natural and financial capitals are the primary determining assets of livelihood diversification strategies. However, the role of social and physical capital with livelihood diversification have not widely been studied. Education, farming experience, family size, land holding size, access to formal credit, access to market and membership in village organizations were the major influencing factors in the adoption process of livelihood diversification strategies. The contribution of livelihood diversification in poverty reduction (SDG-1) was realized through improved food security and nutrition, increased income level, sustainability of crop production and mitigating climatic vulnerabilities. This study suggests enhanced livelihood diversification through improved access to and availability of livelihood assets is vital in reducing rural poverty in developing countries.
Effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) - based paste as intracanal dressing, in matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 in dog’s periapical lesions
Authors: De Rossi Andiara , Pradela Tadeu , Liévana Fernanda Souza , Segato Raquel Assed Bezerra , Esquiche Jorge , Silva Léa Assed Bezerra da , Nelson-Filho Paulo
Published: December 2022

Objectives: High expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in periapical lesions plays an important role in the degradation of the extracellular matrix. This study aimed to investigate the effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG)-based endodontic paste as an intracanal dressing on the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in periapical lesions.
Materials and Methodss: Periapical lesions were experimentally induced in 35 mature beagle dog premolars randomly divided into healthy teeth, untreated periapical lesions, periapical lesionstreated in a single session, and periapical lesions treated in two sessions with EGCG or calcium hydroxide-based pastes. The operator monitored the animals and performed euthanasia after 120 days for histopathologic and immunofluorescence analyses to assess the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Then we perform the statistical analysis.
Results: Endodontic treatment in two sessions using EGCG and calcium hydroxide-based pastes provided similar levels of repair of the apical and periapical tissues and neoformation of periodontal ligament fibers, cementum and alveolar bone. In both groups, the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was minimal,and it was observed in the cytoplasm of fibroblasts, osteoblasts, cementoblasts, cementocytes and vascular endothelium. In healthy teeth, the expression of MMPs was minimal and was found in odontoblasts. Endodontic treatment in a single session did not result in full repair of periapical lesions, and they presented intense expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9, including in the cytoplasm of persistent inflammatory cells, similar to untreated lesions. In both groups treated in two sessions, the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was similar to that in healthy teeth, and it was significantly lower than that in periapical lesions treated in a single session or untreated (p <0.001).
Conclusions: The use of EGCG-based endodontic paste reduced the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and allowed for the repair of periapical lesions, similar to calcium hydroxide-based paste, and it was superior to treatment performed in a single session.
Clinical Relevance: This study was the first one that evaluated the use of EGCG- based paste as intracanal treatment resulted in a reduction of the expression of MMPs 2 and 9 and repair
of periapical lesions, similarly to calcium hydroxide-based paste.
To what extent do college students cooperate with pandemic prevention and control policies? Compliance behaviours of young Chinese intellectual elites
Authors: Huang Yuanyuan , Zhang Hua , Peng Zixuan , Fang Min
Published: December 2022

Background: During a crisis the COVID-19 pandemic, it is vital for young people, who always actively engage in more social activities, to comply with the government’s prevention and control measures.
Methods: An online questionnaire was administered to people aged 18 years and above from mainland Chinese from February to May 2022. We used student's t test and chi-square tests to analyse the college students’ compliance behaviours. Compliance motivation was divided into calculated, motivation and social motivations. We compared young people’s compliance motivations across different age and education groups.
Results: This study includes four key findings. First, the college students reported a high degree of compliance with COVID-19 pandemic prevention policies, especially those regarding obtaining vaccinations and providing codes or cards as a proof of health status, followed by wearing mask, taking nucleic acid tests, and maintaining a physical distance of at least 1 metre from every other person at public places. Second, older college students tended to comply with the pandemic prevention policies, while no significantly different variation was found among different education groups. Third, the primary motivations of the college students’ compliance were duties and obligations (77.5%), risk perception (63.7%), previous experience (56.7%), and trust in the government (52.1%); less important were bandwagon effect (5.4%), authoritative values (5%) and fear of being punished (2.8%). Fourth, compared with older college students, young college student were more likely to comply control policy because of government trust (52.1% vs 40.9%) and sense of responsibility (77.5% vs 72.7%), while older graduated students were more strongly motivated by risk perception (75.3% vs 63.7%) and past experience (61.8% vs 56.7%).
Conclusion: Although college students’ compliance behaviour during the pandemic were motivated by a wide range of factors, our study identified that normative and calculated motivations were the most influential ones. Deterrence from calculated motivation and conformity from social motivation played only minor roles in impacting college students’ compliance.
The Newcomer Well Woman Clinic: A Cross-Sectional Evaluation of an Innovative Care Model to Support the Sexual and Reproductive Health Needs of Refugee Women
Authors: Sivakumar Aditi , Willows Karla , Maguire Finlay , Stairs Jocelyn
Published: December 2022

Background: The Newcomer Well Woman Clinic (NWWC) was developed as a partnership between primary care physicians and obstetrics and gynecology residents to ensure timely provision of sexual and reproductive healthcare for refugee patients. Since 2015, the NWWC has provided monthly clinics offering contraceptive counselling, cervical cancer screening, and intrauterine device insertions with accompanying education sessions. This study aimed to evaluate women’s experiences at the clinic and with interpretation services.
Methods: A sample of patients who attended appointments at the NWWC between January 2015-December 2020 were invited to participate in a telephone survey facilitated by an interpreter to evaluate their clinic experience. The survey was adapted from two validated survey measures: the PSQ-18 and CAHPS. Survey results were reported using descriptive statistics. Clinic audit data was used to summarize patient demographics and service delivery during this period.
Results: Since 2015, 288 patients have attended the clinic. Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of appointments increased annually. 76% of eligible invitees consented to participate. Most patients were highly satisfied (74%) or satisfied (10%) with their care and found the education sessions helpful (80%). Frequently requested education topics included cervical cancer prevention (54%) and contraception (36%). 80% of patients used an interpreter at the clinic and 88% felt that their concerns were always conveyed appropriately to the physician.
Conclusion: Refugee patients were highly satisfied by the sexual and reproductive healthcare provided by the NWWC and with interpretation services. To meet the needs of refugees, innovative care models such as the NWWC could be adopted by healthcare systems.
Investigating the relationship between meteorological and hydrological drought for present and future using the in the semi-arid basins using SWAT model based on Climate Change Toolkit (CCT)
Authors: Mokhtari Fahimeh , Honarbakhsh Afshin , Soltani Saeed
Published: December 2022

Water resources are strongly affected by periods of low rainfall. Previous studies have rarely examined the association between meteorological and hydrological droughts in the future. In this paper, SPEI and SRI indices for the base period (1991–2019) were calculated. By introducing the microscale results of 5 climate models in the CCT program under RCP 2.6 and RCP8.5 scenarios to the SWAT model, SPEI and SRI indices were simulated for the near future (2043 to 2071) and the distant future (2072 to 2100). Then, in both the baseline period and in the future, the correlation between these two indices in the periods of 3, 6 and 12 months was examined using Pearson coefficient. Finally, the Pearson correlation was utilized to analyze the relationship between meteorological drought and the time of hydrological drought between the SPEI index of each period with the SRI index within the same period and for a lag time of one, two, three and four months. The results of the correlation between the two drought indices showed that both in the baseline period and in the future; there was the greatest significance between the hydrological and meteorological drought indices of 12 months. The results of delays in most stations showed that the highest correlation was observed between 12-month SPEI and 12-month SRI with 3 to 4 months delay. Knowing the time interval between the occurrence of meteorological drought and other droughts helps managers to take the necessary management measures to deal with drought.
Non-POU Domain-Containing Octomer-Binding (NONO) protein expression and stability promotes the tumorigenicity and activation of Akt/MAPK/β-catenin pathways in human breast cancer cell Running title: NONO promotes the tumorigenicity of breast cancer
Authors: Lone Bilal Ahmad , Siraj Fouzia , Sharma Ira , Verma Shweta , Karna Shibendra Kumar Lal , Ahmad Faiz , Nagar Preeti , Sachidanandan Chetana , Pokharel Yuba Raj
Published: December 2022

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers with high mortality, highlighting the vital need to identify new therapeutic targets. Here we report that Non-POU Domain-Containing Octamer-Binding (NONO) Protein is overexpressed in breast cancers and validated the interaction of WW domain of PIN1 with c-terminal Threonine-Proline (thr-pro) motifs of NONO. The interaction of NONO with PIN1 enhances NONO’s stability by inhibiting its proteasomal degradation, and this identifies PIN1 as a positive regulator of NONO to promote breast tumor development. Functionally, silencing of NONO inhibits the growth, survival, migration and invasion, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and stemness of breast cancer cells in vitro. A human metastatic breast cancer cell xenograft was established in transparent zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos to study the metastasis inability of NONO silenced breast cancer cells in vivo. Biochemical analysis indicated NONO as a master regulator of the molecules associated with different hallmarks of cancer. Mechanistically, depletion of NONO promotes the expression of PDL1 cell surface protein in breast cancer cells. The identification of novel interactions of NONO with c-Jun and β-catenin proteins and activating the Akt/MAPK/β-catenin signalling suggests NONO as novel regulator of Akt/MAPK/β-catenin signalling pathways. Taken together, our results demonstrated an essential role of NONO in the tumorigenicity of breast cancer and could be a potential target for anti-cancerous drugs.
Effect of phosphotungstic acid on surface properties and bond strength of resin cement to zirconia
Authors: Metwaly Menntallah , Al-Zordk Walid , El-Dafrawy Shady , Dawood Lamia
Published: December 2022

Background
The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of phosphotungstic acid pre-treatment on the surface properties of zirconium oxide ceramics and the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) between zirconium oxide ceramics and resin cement.
Methods
A total of 26 sintered zirconia blocks were randomly divided according to surface pre-treatment into four groups; group C (n = 6): no treatment (control), group S (n = 6): air-borne particle abrasion followed by Silano Pen treatment, group P1 (n = 7): Phosphotungstic acid 1gm/ 50 mL, and group P2 (n = 7): Phosphotungstic acid 2gm/50 mL. From each group, one zirconia block was examined using X-Ray Diffraction and scanning electron microscope. Also, one zirconia block from groups P1 and P2 was examined using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. A total of 20 zirconia blocks were bonded to corresponding pre-constructed composite blocks using adhesive resin cement. Each zirconia-composite assembly was sectioned to obtain microbars of 1 mm2. A 20 microbars from each group were selected and aged (3500 thermocycles between 5°C and 55°C), then the µTBS test was performed using a universal testing machine (0.5 mm/min). The µTBS results was analyzed using one-way ANOVA test.
Results
Group P2 recorded the highest µTBS (23.824 ± 5.9 MPa) between all studied groups, while Group C recorded the lowest µTBS (12.19 ± 4.67 MPa). One-way ANOVA revealed a significant difference (P < 0.05) between all groups. The mode of failure was predominantly adhesive in Groups C, P1, and S, while group P2 showed cohesive and adhesive failures.
Conclusions
The phosphotungstic acid (2gm/50 mL) improved the bond strength of zirconia ceramics without phase transformation and composition changes.
Knowledge and Practices Regarding the Prevention Principles of Covid-19 Among Third Year Degree Nursing Students at a University Khomas Region, Namibia
Authors: Nyanya Tulela Phophy Tuna-tate , Kadhila Joseph Galukeni
Published: December 2022

Background:The rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for the global pandemic. Since the outbreak of COVID-12 began, necessary measurements and policies were provided to the public for prevention of the transmission of the disease. This measures and polies included: mandatory wearing of a mask in public, social distancing, regular hand sanitizing, and avoidance of overcrowded places etc. This study assessed the knowledge and practices regarding the prevention principles of covid-19 among third year degree nursing students at a University Khomas region, Namibia.
Methods: A quantitative study was conducted on 77 study population and participants who were chosen using simple random sampling. The data was collected with the use of questionnaires. A pilot study was done on 5 participants to assess reliability of the data collection tool/questionnaire, or if there would be any changes that have to be made in the questionnaires and to note down time spent on answering the questionnaires. Data was analyzed with Microsoft excel version and descriptive analysis. The findings are presented in pie charts, bar graph and tables.
Results:The findings showed that, most of the students 91% have good knowledge and practices regarding the prevention principles of OVID-19. Although the findings indicated overall good knowledge and good practices regarding applications of the preventive principles for COVID-19, the findings nevertheless indicated that 71% of the participants had average knowledge, 23,4% had poor knowledge while, 90% had average practices and 32% had poor practice regarding applications of the preventive principles for COVID-19. Out of the 77 participants, only 1% of the student know that COVI-19 is disease and the whole 99% don’t know which, apart from that poor knowledge, 25 participants from the 77, think getting vaccinated will prevent getting infected by COVID-19, but it only reduces getting infected.
Conclusion:Some knowledge and practice gaps were identified about the students not having average or poor knowledge whether COVID-19 is a disease or virus and that getting vaccinated prevent one from getting infected or reduce the risk of getting infected. Apart from that, third year nursing degree students have good knowledge and practices on COVID-19 prevents
Ultra-stable radioactive microspheres enabled by radiation-induced graft polymerization for imaging-guided intra-arterial brachytherapy
Authors: Xu Xiao , Chen Hu , Wang Yangjie , He Pan , Zhao Zhenwen , Cheng Hongwei , Gao Xing , Shi Yesi , Li Yesen , Huang Jinxiong , Peng Yisheng , Chu Cheng-Chao , Zhang Yang , Liu Chao , Li Bo , Mao Jingsong , Ma Hongjuan , Liu Gang
Published: December 2022

Intravascular brachytherapy requires advances in radio-embolization technologies that combine brilliant radiostability efficacy with a facile and green synthesis route. We report a hybrid-integrated radioactive microsphere strategy using phosphorylcholine-modified lutetium-177 coordinated polymeric microspheres (177Lu-PCMs) that were fabricated via radiation-induced graft polymerization for imaging-guided locoregional intravascular brachytherapy. The underlying formation mechanism of 177Lu-PCMs is elucidated using first-principles computations and density functional theory calculations and 177Lu loading mechanisms was investigated with Near-edge and extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. The engineered 177Lu-PCMs exhibit excellent mechanical properties, good hydrophilicity, and controlled sphere diameter. These features provide advantages of ultra-stable and ultra-selective embolic radio-theranostics, which is demonstrated in different preclinical rodent models and isolated human liver tumor tissues. During locoregional intra-arterial brachytherapy, 177Lu-PCMs can be visualized via SPECT to validate the in vivo biodistribution and retention in real time, achieving precise delivery, effective anti-cancer treatment, and a distinguished safety profile without degradation, ectopic embolization, and adverse reactions. Therefore, this study may offer a new avenue for the development of a highly innovative and translational approach for precision intravascular brachytherapy.