bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH KONDISI EKONOMI KELUARGA TERHADAP TINGKAT PENDIDIKAN ANAK DI DESA SIHABORGOAN BARUMUN
Authors: Rambey Mara Judan
Published: November 2023

This study aims to find out whether there is a significant influence between family economic conditions on children's education levels. For this reason, this study includes two variables, namely family economic conditions as variable X and the level of education of children variable Y. This research was conducted at Sihaborgoan Barumun Jl. Binanga, Barumun Tengah District, Padang Lawas Regency. The population in this study is the entire sihaborgoan Barumun village community, and the sampling method used in this study is incidental sampling or coincidentally, the sample taken in this study is as many as 30 people. In analyzing the data, guttman scale method questionnaires were used for family economic conditions (variable X) and variable child education level (Y). Then the results are analyzed with inferential analysis. From the results of the analysis obtained the average value of family economic conditions is 84.5 in the category of "Excellent", the average value of the child's education level is 82.33 in the category of "Excellent". Based on the t test conducted on table 16 shows that the calculated value is 5,800 with a confidence level of 95% or an error rate of 5% thus 5,800>1,699 then H0 rejected Ha accepted. Based on these results it can be concluded that the hypothesis is acceptable. This means that there is a significant influence between the Economic Condition of the Family on the Level of Children's Education in Sihaborgoan Barumun Village.
PARTISIPASI POLITIK PEMILIH PEMULA DALAM PELAKSANAAN PEMILU DI DESA HILIZOMBOI KECAMATAN LAHUSA KABUPATEN NIAS SELATAN TAHUN 2020
Authors: Zai Eka Periaman , Zagoto Hemat , Wau Fitriyanti
Published: November 2023

Partisipasi politik merupakan aspek penting dalam sebuah tatanan negara demokrasi, sekaligus merupakan ciri khas adanya moderniasi politik. Partisipasipolitik merupakan kegiatan seseorang atau sekelompok orang untuk ikut serta secara aktif dalam kehidupan politik,dengan jalan memilih pimpinan negara dan daerah secara langsung mempengaruhi kebijakan pemerintah. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk melihat partisipasi atau keterlibatan peserta pemilih pemula dalam pelaksanaan di Desa Hilizomboi Kecamatan Lahusa Kabupaten Nias Selatan. Lokasi penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Hilizomboi Kecamatan Lahusa Kabupaten Nias Selatan denganjumlah masyarakat 870 jiwa laki-laki terdiri dari 440 orang, dan perempuan berjumlah 430 orang.Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif.Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini yaitu (1) observasi; (2) interview; dan (3) dokumentasi.Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu (1) Reduksi data; (2) penyajian data; (3) penyimpulan dan verifikasi; (4) kesimpulan akhir.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa partisipasi pemilih pemula dalam pelaksanaan pemilu khususnya di Desa Hilizomboi Kecamatan Lahusa dapat dikategorikan rendah, disebabkan karena rata-rata pemilih pemulasedang menduduki bangku sekolah dan belum mampu berpolitik.Sehingga peserta pemilih pemula tersebut tidak terlibat dalam kegiatan pemilu serta belum mampu memahami makna yang sesungguhnya pelaksanaan pemilu yang dilaksanakan di dalam desa.Beberapa saran yang diajukan peneliti yaitu (1) hendaknya peserta pemilih pemula di setiap desa dapat dibekali, diarahkan sehingga mampu menunjukan hak pilihnya pada kegiatan pemilihan di dalam desanya; (2) hendaknyapemilih pemula disetiap desa memiliki keterlibatan dirinya (berpartisipasi) dalam penyelengaraan pemilu yang dilaksanakan di dalam desa.
PENGGUNAAN MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING TERHADAP PENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN KONEKSI DAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIK
Authors: Dedi Presli Halawa  , Derman Buulolo  , Magdalena Susanti Telaumbanua  , Hardi Tambunan  , Firman Pangaribuan
Published: November 2023

This study aims to determine the better improvement of students' mathematical connection and communication abilities between those participating in learning with the Discovery Learning model and those participating in direct learning, as well as to find out the differences in increasing the mathematical connection and communication abilities of students in high, medium and low groups who take learning with Discovery Learning models. Data analysis used a two-mean difference test to determine better improvement between the experimental class and the control class and one-way ANOVA with the Scheffe test to determine better improvement between the high, medium and low groups. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the increase in the mathematical connection and communication skills of students who take part in learning with the Discovery Learning model is better than students who take part in direct learning. The improvement of students' mathematical connection and communication skills in the middle group was better than the high and low groups who took part in learning using the Discovery Learning model
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL FUNGSI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIKA
Authors: Dandi Apdusmel Gowasa
Published: November 2023

Penelitian0ini bertujuan0untuk mengetahui0bagaimana modul0matemamtika yang0valid, praktis,0dan efektif0serta mengetahui0bagaimana peningkatan0pemahaman00konsep matematika0siswa pada0materi0fungsi. Metode0penelitian00yang digunakan00dalam penelitian0ini adalah pengembangan (R&D) dengan model 4D (Define, Design, Develop dan Disseminate). Subjek0penelitian ini0adalah siswa0kelas X SMA0N 1 Toma00Tahun0Ajaran 2022/2023. Modul0dikatakan0layak digunakan0apabila memenuhi0kriteria0valid, praktis, dan0efektif. Instrumen0pengumpulan data0yang digunakan0adalah angket0validitas, pre-test0dan post-test, dan0angket kepraktisan. Kevalidan0modul mencakup 30aspek yaitu materi, 0media, dan0bahasa. Berdasarkan0hasil uji validitas, diperoleh0persentase pada aspek0materi 75%, media 75% dan bahasa091% dengan0kriteria0valid. Kepraktisan diperoleh0melalui angket0respon peserta0didik dengan0perolehan persentase 73% pada kelas0terbatas dan 70% pada0kelas lapangan dengan0kriteria praktis. Tingkat0keefektifan modul0dilihat dari0ketuntasan hasil belajar0siswa dengan memberikan0tes akhir (post-test). Dari0tes yang0diberikan, 65,31% dari 23 siswa0mencapai skor0yang diharapkan dengan0skor rata-rata076,62 dengan0kriteria0efektif. Hasil0analisis N-gain0yang diperoleh pada0kelas terbatas 0,6 kriteria0sedang dan0pada kelas0lapangan 0,57 kriteria sedang, yang berarti0terdapat peningkatan pemahaman kosep matematika. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa, modul fungsi layak0digunakan karena telah memenuhi0kriteria valid, praktis0dan efektif serta0meningkatkan pemahaman konsep matematika. Peneliti0menyarankan agar hasil dari0penelitian ini dapat menjadi0referensi dalam0pengembangan modul0fungsi0lainnya
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INQUIRY-DISCOVERY TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR IPA-BIOLOGI PADA MATERI STRUKTUR DAN FUNGSI ORGAN TUMBUHAN
Authors: Aryo Sugeng
Published: November 2023

Siswa kurang memiliki motivasi dalam belajar sehingga hasil belajar siswa kurang optimal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran inquiry-discovery terhadap hasil belajar IPA-Biologi pada materi  struktur dan fungsi organ tumbuhan siswa kelas VIII-A SMP Negeri 239 Jakarta Tahun Pembelajaran 2022/2023. Untuk mengumpulkan data dalam penelitian ini, maka peneliti menggunakan metode eksperimen. Desain penelitian menggunakan teknik pretest dan posttest group desain. Hasil uji hipotesis diperoleh harga t= 4.474 sedangkan harga ttabel pada taraf signifikan 5% dan dk = 24-2 = 22, maka diperoleh nilai ttabel = 2.074 ternyata harga thitung = 4.474 > 2.074 atau thitung > ttabel sehingga Ho ditolak, dan Ha diterima. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan tersebut, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran inquiry-discovery berpengaruh positif terhadap hasil belajar IPA-Biologi pada materi struktur dan fungsi organ tumbuhan siswa kelas VIII-A SMP Negeri 239 Jakarta Tahun Pembelajaran 2022/2023.. Saran yang dapat diajukan peneliti adalah hendaknya guru menerapkan model pembelajaran inquiry-discovery dalam kegiatan pembelajaran IPA-Biologi.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TEAM ASSISTED INDIVIDUALIZATION DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI POKOK KETENAGA KERJAAN
Authors: Suka Darman Ndruru
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) untuk mengetahui Pelaksanaan model pembelajaran Team Assisted Individulization (TAI) dengan materi pokok ketenagakerjaan, (2) untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPS. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII-A SMP Negeri 1 Huruna dengan jumlah 22 siswa. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data diperoleh persetase ketuntasan dan ketidaktuntasan siswa setiap siklus, dimana pada siklus I persentase ketuntasan siswa sebesar 54,54% dan persentase ketidaktuntasan sebesar 45,46% sehingga rata-rata hasil belajar siswa sebesar  67,22. Sedangkan pada siklus II persentase  ketuntasan siswa sebesar  90,90% dan persentase ketidaktuntasan sebesar 9,1% sehingga rata-rata hasil belajar siswa pada siklus II adalah  80,22 hasil memuaskan. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran Team Assisted Individulization (TAI) dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Peneliti memberikan saran, hendaknya model pembelajaran ini digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran karena mampu meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa
Propuesta de itinerario de glotodidáctica teatral: desde el texto a la puesta en escena
Authors: Danzi Donatella
Published: November 2023

Existen diferentes estrategias didácticas en la glotodidáctica teatral. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo proponer una de ellas: la creación de un itinerario para el aprendizaje del idioma extranjero que, a partir del texto teatral, llegue a la construcción de una puesta en escena o momento participativo común, creado y organizado por los discentes. Se delinearán las principales fases de este proceso didáctico y se presentarán elementos teóricos y prácticos para la creación de un dispositivo teatral capaz de generar un aprendizaje significativo. Síntesis de una investigación teórico-práctica de dos décadas sobre la glotodidáctica teatral, este itinerario didáctico quiere promover tanto una visión holística, global y multisensorial como una visión analítica en el aprendizaje, buscando siempre la participación activa y creativa del alumno-persona en un entorno formativo tranquilo que priorice el diálogo y la reflexión. Un recorrido que no descuide las competencias extralingüísticas, socio-pragmáticas e interculturales como parte integral de la competencia comunicativa, respetando los diversos estilos de aprendizaje.
Consideraciones en torno al concepto de sensibilidad artística en su concreción didáctica
Authors: Takkal Fernández Aixa
Published: November 2023

La sensibilidad artística, cuestión escurridiza y compleja desde la Modernidad estética, forma parte de las competencias recogidas en los programas del área artística en la formación superior de maestras y maestros. Con el fin de explorar posibles derivas del concepto y su posible concreción en la praxis, se presenta un proyecto desarrollado mediante materiales y técnicas textiles en el contexto de la asignatura de Expresión plástica y visual. A modo de base conceptual del proyecto, se recogen algunas consideraciones relativas a la deriva etnográfica del arte y la desafección por los objetos materiales propia de nuestro tiempo. Como principio metodológico, y de acuerdo con la Investigación Basada en las Artes (IBA), la observación de la dinámica de trabajo en el aula, los trabajos resultantes y las valoraciones expresadas por al alumnado en el portafolio del proyecto se han considerado como elementos desde los que lo retroalimentar al marco teórico.
Madonna gewinnt Sampling-Streit, Stockfoto-Panne der AfD, Currywurst-Index
Authors: Fischer Georg
Published: November 2023

Wenige Tage nach dem Urteil des Bundesverfassungsgerichts gab es auch vor einem US-amerikanischen Gericht eine

Sampling-freundliche Entscheidung

. Bereits 1990 stellte der Musikproduzent Shep Pettibone für Madonna das Stück „Vogue“ her, das zwei unlizenzierte Trompeten- und Posaunen-Samples der Plattenfirma Valsoul enthalten soll.
Catalytic making of ethylene‐1‐hexene elastomers: Thermodynamic guide to process development
Authors: Atiqullah Muhammad , Abdelaal Ahmed F. , Adamu Sagir , Alasiri Hassan S.
Published: November 2023

Ethylene‐alpha olefin elastomers have versatile applications. Solution copolymerization makes them, using ethylene and alpha olefin‐rich comonomer feed and metallocene and postmetallocene precatalysts, at laboratory and industry conditions. Hence, this study models ethylene solubility in toluene‐1‐hexene and n‐hexane‐1‐hexene mixtures using VLE criterion, Peng–Robinson EoS, vdW1f mixing rule, and Shulgin's activity coefficient‐Henry's constant formalism. Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm, with initial conditions comprising quasi‐ideal K factor correlation and Tait liquid phase EoS, solved the model equations. This eliminates present cumbersome literature approach. The predicted solubilities well match the experimental values at all temperature and pressure. Ethylene solubility correlates the liquid phase fluid compressibility to the corresponding catalyst active center residential environment. This offers a new approach to investigate catalyst and copolymerization phenomena and develop ethylene‐1‐hexene elastomer process. Evaluating copolymerization and microstructural property, using ethylene solubility ignoring that in 1‐hexene, introduces significant errors. The present work corrects them and solves a long‐standing polymer reaction engineering problem.
Extracting the truth through chemical analyses: Early life histories of Victorian‐era dental patients in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Sudron Emma L. , Kinaston Rebecca L. , Cawte Hayden , Kleffmann Torsten , Kumar Abhishek , Kramer Robyn , Stirling Claudine , Reid Malcolm , Barr David , McStay Amy , Lawrence Megan , King Kathryn , Halcrow Siân E.
Published: November 2023

Objectives

There are few bioarcheological analyses of life experiences in colonial period Aotearoa New Zealand, despite this being a time of major adaptation and social change. In our study, early life histories are constructed from multi‐isotope and enamel peptide analysis of permanent first molars associated with Victorian era dental practices operating between AD 1881 and 1905 in Invercargill. Chemical analyses of the teeth provide insight into the childhood feeding practices, diet, and mobility of the people who had their teeth extracted.

Materials and Methods

Four permanent left mandibular first molars were analyzed from a cache of teeth discovered at the Leviathan Gift Depot site during excavations in 2019. The methods used were: (1) enamel peptide analysis to assess chromosomal sex; (2) bulk (δ13Ccarbonate) and incremental (δ13Ccollagen and δ15N) isotope analysis of dentin to assess childhood diet; and (3) strontium (87Sr/86Sr) and oxygen (δ18O) isotope analysis of enamel to assess childhood residency. Two modern permanent first molars from known individuals were analyzed as controls.

Results

The archaeological teeth were from three chromosomal males and one female. The protein and whole diets were predominately based on C3‐plants and domestic animal products (meat and milk). A breastfeeding signal was only identified in one historic male. All individuals likely had childhood residences in Aotearoa.

Discussion

Unlike most bioarcheological studies that rely on the remains of the dead, the teeth analysed in this study were extracted from living people. We suggest that the dental patients were likely second or third generation colonists to Aotearoa, with fairly similar childhood diets. They were potentially lower‐class individuals either living in, or passing through, the growing colonial center of Invercargill.
Cost effectiveness analysis of drug coated balloon only angioplasty for de novo coronary artery disease
Authors: Merinopoulos Ioannis , Gunawardena Tharusha , Corballis Natasha , Tsampasian Vasiliki , Vassiliou Vassilios , Eccleshall Simon , Ryding Alisdair , Xydopoulos George
Published: November 2023

Aims

We aimed to perform a cost analysis of drug coated balloon (DCB)‐only angioplasty versus drug eluting stent (DES), for de novo disease of all vessel sizes and all clinical indications.

Background

DCB angioplasty is an emergent technology for the treatment of coronary artery disease. There is lack of data regarding the cost‐effectiveness of DCB‐only angioplasty for treatment of de novo coronary artery disease as compared with second generation DES.

Methods

We compared total costs of patients treated with DCB or DES for first presentation of ST‐elevation myocardial infarction, non‐ST‐elevation myocardial infarction, or stable angina due to de novo disease between January 1, 2018 and November 15, 2019. We defined total cost as the sum of (1) procedural devices‐cost, (2) procedural staff‐cost, (3) post‐percutaneous coronary intervention hospital stay cost, and (4) antiplatelet regime cost. A cost minimization analysis was performed to compare the costs of DCB and DES.

Results

We present 1952 all‐comer, consecutive patients; 902 (1064 lesions) treated with DCB and 1050 (1236 lesions) treated with DES for de novo coronary artery disease. The cost per patient was estimated to be £9.02 more expensive in the DCB group (£3153.00 vs. £3143.98). However, the cost per lesion treated was calculated to be £15.51 cheaper in the DCB group (£3007.56 vs. £3023.07). The results were consistent irrespective of duration of long‐term antiplatelet medications.

Conclusion

We have compared the cost‐effectiveness of DCB‐only angioplasty to DES‐angioplasty and showed that the per patient and per lesion results were not different and hence cost should not be implicated in the decision to choose DCB or DES.
Prognostic implication of hemoglobin reduction with and without clinical bleeding after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute coronary syndromes
Authors: Aladin Amer I. , Wermers Jason P. , Zhang Cheng , Case Brian C. , Ben‐Dor Itsik , Bhogal Sukhdeep , Waksman Ron
Published: November 2023

Background

Bleeding events are associated with higher mortality rates in patients with cardiovascular diseases, including patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing coronary revascularization. We aimed to determine whether a reduction in hemoglobin (Hgb) from pre‐ to postpercutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), with or without evidence of clinical bleeding, is a correlate of in‐hospital mortality for patients presenting with ACS who underwent primary PCI.

Methods

We divided 33816 consecutive patients with ACS who underwent PCI into three categories: (1) target group (defined as Hgb reduction without overt bleeding [n = 112]); (2) Hgb reduction with overt bleeding (n = 48); and (3) control group (defined as no Hgb reduction and no overt bleeding [n = 3156]). Hgb reduction was defined as a drop of >3 g/dL in Hgb value from preprocedure and postprocedure during the index hospitalization. The primary outcome was in‐hospital mortality. We used logistic regression to examine the relationship between Hgb reduction with and without bleeding and in‐hospital mortality.

Results

In crude analysis, the Hgb reduction with overt bleed group had a higher in‐hospital mortality rate (16.7%) than the target (9.8%) and control groups (0.6%). Adjusted logistic regression estimates a 0.393 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.137, 1.869) odds ratio for in‐hospital death of the target group over the Hgb reduction with bleed group, and a 54.517 (95% CI: 2.07, >1000) odds ratio of the target group over the control group.

Conclusions

In patients presenting with ACS undergoing PCI, Hgb reduction with and without overt bleeding were both independently associated with in‐hospital mortality.
ChemInform Abstract: IPSO NITRATION. USE OF IPSO NITRATION PRODUCTS AS SOURCES OF CARBON ELECTROPHILES IN REGIOSPECIFIC SYNTHESES OF AROMATIC DERIVATIVES
Authors: FELDMAN K. S. , MYHRE P. C.
Published: November 2023

Nach bekanntem Verfahren reagiert das Ipso‐Produkt (I) mit Mesitylen (II) über das Intermediäre (III) zum Biphenyl (IV).
Low interspecific variation and no phylogenetic signal in additive genetic variance in wild bird and mammal populations
Authors: Young Euan A. , Postma Erik
Published: November 2023

Evolutionary adaptation through genetic change requires genetic variation and is a key mechanism enabling species to persist in changing environments. Although a substantial body of work has focused on understanding how and why additive genetic variance (VA) differs among traits within species, we still know little about how they vary among species. Here we make a first attempt at testing for interspecific variation in two complementary measures of VA and the role of phylogeny in shaping this variation. To this end, we performed a phylogenetic comparative analysis using 1822 narrow‐sense heritability (h2) for 68 species of birds and mammals and 378 coefficients of additive genetic variance (CVA) estimates for 23 species. Controlling for within‐species variation attributable to estimation method and trait type, we found some interspecific variation in h2 (~15%) but not CVA. Although suggestive of interspecific variation in the importance of non‐(additive) genetic sources of variance, sample sizes were insufficient to test this hypothesis directly. Additionally, although power was low, no phylogenetic signal was detected for either measure. Hence, while this suggests interspecific variation in VA is probably small, our understanding of interspecific variation in the adaptive potential of wild vertebrate populations is currently hampered by data limitations, a scarcity of CVA estimates and a measure of their uncertainty in particular.
Energy decay for a coupled wave system with one local Kelvin–Voigt damping
Authors: Zhang Hua‐Lei
Published: November 2023

In this paper, we study the energy decay of a coupled wave system with one local Kelvin–Voigt damping. The system consists of two wave equations locally coupled by zero‐order terms. When the damping coefficient function and the coupling coefficient function satisfy suitable assumptions, by Carleman estimate and the frequency‐domain method, we show that the energy of the system decays logarithmically for sufficiently smooth initial data.
Analysis on continuity of the solution map for the Whitham equation in Besov spaces
Authors: Liu Zhengyan , Wu Xinglong
Published: November 2023

This paper is devoted to studying the continuity of the solution map for the Cauchy problem of the Whitham equation. First, the continuity dependence of solution is established in in the sense of Hadamard. Next, by constructing approximate solutions, we show that the data‐to‐solution map is not uniformly continuous in Besov spaces () on the periodic case and on the line. The crucial technical tool used to prove this result is Lemma 5.1, which generalizes the result of Lemma 3 in [23].
On the birational geometry of conic bundles over the projective space
Authors: Massarenti Alex , Mella Massimiliano
Published: November 2023

Let be a general minimal ‐fold conic bundle with a hypersurface of degree as discriminant. We prove that if , then is not pseudo‐effective, and that if , then none of the integral multiples of is effective. Finally, we provide examples of smooth unirational ‐fold conic bundles with a discriminant of arbitrarily high degree.
Testing the correct specification of a system of spatial dependence models for stock returns
Authors: Kutzker Tim , Wied Dominik
Published: November 2023

This paper provides two specification tests for the system of spatial autoregressive model of order m. We derive the theoretical limit distributions and show in a detailed Monte Carlo simulation study that the tests result in reasonable sized testing procedures with large power. In the empirical application, we analyze Euro Stoxx 50 returns in two different time spans, looking for insights how well models with different specifications of the spatial weighting matrices (local, country, industry and country-industry specific dependencies including interaction effects) fit to the data. The analyzes also demonstrate the ability of the tests to detect inaccurate Value-at-Risk forecasts.
Isolation and characterization of highly active keratinolytic microorganisms with promising potential for waste sheep wool processing
Authors: Petek Blaž , Vodušek Maja , Accetto Tomaž , Zorec Maša , Zalar Polona , Oberčkal Jernej , Marinšek Logar Romana
Published: November 2023

The huge amounts of keratin-rich waste generated daily by various industries, slaughterhouses, and processing plants need to be properly managed. Most keratin degradation-related research focuses on keratin from bird feathers, but a vast minority focuses on keratin from sheep wool, which also presents a serious environmental problem. In this article, we describe the isolation, identification, and characterization of new keratinolytic microorganisms capable of sheep wool degradation from sheep wool and soil enriched with wool keratin. We isolated four bacterial species from the genus Bacillus (B. subtilis, B. altitudinis, B. mycoides, and B. wiedmannii), one streptomycete species Streptomyces coelicoflavus identified by whole genome sequencing, and a fungal species Aphanoascus reticulisporus. In some of the isolated microorganisms, we detected keratinolytic activity for the first time, and for most of them, the ability to degrade sheep wool has not been previously demonstrated. The keratinases of the new isolates are active in a wide range of temperatures (25–85 °C) and pH (6.0–10.0), so all isolates show great potential for further biotechnological use in industry and in various environmental and agricultural applications to reduce and recycle keratin-rich wastes such as sheep wool and waste woollen textiles.
Baseline markers of cortical excitation and inhibition predict response to theta burst stimulation treatment for youth depression
Authors: Dhami Prabhjot , Moreno Sylvain , Croarkin Paul E. , Blumberger Daniel M. , Daskalakis Zafiris J. , Farzan Faranak
Published: November 2023

Theta burst stimulation (TBS), a specific form of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), is a promising treatment for youth with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) who do not respond to conventional therapies. However, given the variable response to TBS, a greater understanding of how baseline features relate to clinical response is needed to identify which patients are most likely to benefit from this treatment. In the current study, we sought to determine if baseline neurophysiology, specifically cortical excitation and/or inhibition, is associated with antidepressant response to TBS. In two independent open-label clinical trials, youth (aged 16–24 years old) with MDD underwent bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) TBS treatment. Clinical trial one and two consisted of 10 and 20 daily sessions of bilateral DLPFC TBS, respectively. At baseline, single-pulse TMS combined with electroencephalography was used to assess the neurophysiology of 4 cortical sites: bilateral DLPFC and inferior parietal lobule. Measures of cortical excitation and inhibition were indexed by TMS-evoked potentials (i.e., P30, N45, P60, N100, and P200). Depression severity was measured before, during and after treatment completion using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression—17. In both clinical trials, the baseline left DLPFC N45 and P60, which are believed to reflect inhibitory and excitatory mechanisms respectively, were predictors of clinical response. Specifically, greater (i.e., more negative) N45 and smaller P60 baseline values were associated with greater treatment response to TBS. Accordingly, cortical excitation and inhibition circuitry of the left DLPFC may have value as a TBS treatment response biomarker for youth with MDD.

Clinical trial 1 registration number: NCT02472470 (June 15, 2015).

Clinical trial 2 registration number: NCT03708172 (October 17, 2018).
m6A modification of AC026356.1 facilitates hepatocellular carcinoma progression by regulating the IGF2BP1-IL11 axis
Authors: Wei Huamei , Yang Jinhun , Lu Rongzhou , Huang Yanyan , Huang Zheng , Huang Lizheng , Zeng Min , Wei Yunyu , Xu Zuoming , Li Wenchuan , Pu Jian
Published: November 2023

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common RNA modification in eukaryotic RNAs. Although the important roles of m6A in RNA fate have been revealed, the potential contribution of m6A to RNA function in various diseases, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is still unclear. In this study, we identified a novel m6A-modified RNA AC026356.1. We found that AC026356.1 was increased in HCC tissues and cell lines. High expression of AC026356.1 was correlated with poor survival of HCC patients. m6A modification level of AC026356.1 was also increased in HCC and more significantly correlated with poor survival of HCC patients. Functional assays showed that m6A-modified AC026356.1 promoted HCC cellular proliferation, migration, and liver metastasis. Gene set enrichment analysis showed that AC026356.1 activated IL11/STAT3 signaling. Mechanistic investigation showed that m6A-modified AC026356.1 bound to IGF2BP1. The interaction between m6A-modified AC026356.1 and IGF2BP1 promoted the binding of IL11 mRNA to IGF2BP1, leading to increased IL11 mRNA stability and IL11 secretion. Functional rescue assays showed that depletion of IL11 reversed the oncogenic roles of AC026356.1. These findings revealed the potential influences of m6A modification on RNA biological functions and suggested that targeting m6A modification may be a novel strategy for HCC treatment.
Deficiency of histone variant macroH2A1.1 is associated with sexually dimorphic obesity in mice
Authors: Chiodi Valentina , Rappa Francesca , Lo Re Oriana , Chaldakov George N. , Lelouvier Benjamin , Micale Vincenzo , Domenici Maria Rosaria , Vinciguerra Manlio
Published: November 2023

Obesity has a major socio-economic health impact. There are profound sex differences in adipose tissue deposition and obesity-related conditions. The underlying mechanisms driving sexual dimorphism in obesity and its associated metabolic disorders remain unclear. Histone variant macroH2A1.1 is a candidate epigenetic mechanism linking environmental and dietary factors to obesity. Here, we used a mouse model genetically depleted of macroH2A1.1 to investigate its potential epigenetic role in sex dimorphic obesity, metabolic disturbances and gut dysbiosis. Whole body macroH2A1 knockout (KO) mice, generated with the Cre/loxP technology, and their control littermates were fed a high fat diet containing 60% of energy derived from fat. The diet was administered for three months starting from 10 to 12 weeks of age. We evaluated the progression in body weight, the food intake, and the tolerance to glucose by means of a glucose tolerance test. Gut microbiota composition, visceral adipose and liver tissue morphology were assessed. In addition, adipogenic gene expression patterns were evaluated in the visceral adipose tissue. Female KO mice for macroH2A1.1 had a more pronounced weight gain induced by high fat diet compared to their littermates, while the increase in body weight in male mice was similar in the two genotypes. Food intake was generally increased upon KO and decreased by high fat diet in both sexes, with the exception of KO females fed a high fat diet that displayed the same food intake of their littermates. In glucose tolerance tests, glucose levels were significantly elevated upon high fat diet in female KO compared to a standard diet, while this effect was absent in male KO. There were no differences in hepatic histology. Upon a high fat diet, in female adipocyte cross-sectional area was larger in KO compared to littermates: activation of proadipogenic genes (ACACB, AGT, ANGPT2, FASN, RETN, SLC2A4) and downregulation of antiadipogenic genes (AXIN1, E2F1, EGR2, JUN, SIRT1, SIRT2, UCP1, CCND1, CDKN1A, CDKN1B, EGR2) was detected. Gut microbiota profiling showed increase in Firmicutes and a decrease in Bacteroidetes in females, but not males, macroH2A1.1 KO mice. MacroH2A1.1 KO mice display sexual dimorphism in high fat diet-induced obesity and in gut dysbiosis, and may represent a useful model to investigate epigenetic and metabolic differences associated to the development of obesity-associated pathological conditions in males and females.
A time-consistent stabilized finite element method for fluids with applications to hemodynamics
Authors: Jia Dongjie , Esmaily Mahdi
Published: November 2023

Several finite element methods for simulating incompressible flows rely on the streamline upwind Petrov–Galerkin stabilization (SUPG) term, which is weighted by $$\tau _{\text{SUPG}}$$

τ
SUPG

. The conventional formulation of $$\tau _{\text{SUPG}}$$

τ
SUPG

includes a constant that depends on the time step size, producing an overall method that becomes exceedingly less accurate as the time step size approaches zero. In practice, such method inconsistency introduces significant error in the solution, especially in cardiovascular simulations, where small time step sizes may be required to resolve multiple scales of the blood flow. To overcome this issue, we propose a consistent method that is based on a new definition of $$\tau _{\text{SUPG}}$$

τ
SUPG

. This method, which can be easily implemented on top of an existing streamline upwind Petrov–Galerkin and pressure stabilizing Petrov–Galerkin method, involves the replacement of the time step size in $$\tau _{\text{SUPG}}$$

τ
SUPG

with a physical time scale. This time scale is calculated in a simple operation once every time step for the entire computational domain from the ratio of the L2-norm of the acceleration and the velocity. The proposed method is compared against the conventional method using four cases: a steady pipe flow, a blood flow through vascular anatomy, an external flow over a square obstacle, and a fluid–structure interaction case involving an oscillatory flexible beam. These numerical experiments, which are performed using linear interpolation functions, show that the proposed formulation eliminates the inconsistency issue associated with the conventional formulation in all cases. While the proposed method is slightly more costly than the conventional method, it significantly reduces the error, particularly at small time step sizes. For the pipe flow where an exact solution is available, we show the conventional method can over-predict the pressure drop by a factor of three. This large error is almost completely eliminated by the proposed formulation, dropping to approximately 1% for all time step sizes and Reynolds numbers considered.
DNA hypomethylation characterizes genes encoding tissue-dominant functional proteins in liver and skeletal muscle
Authors: Maehara Hideki , Kokaji Toshiya , Hatano Atsushi , Suzuki Yutaka , Matsumoto Masaki , Nakayama Keiichi I. , Egami Riku , Tsuchiya Takaho , Ozaki Haruka , Morita Keigo , Shirai Masaki , Li Dongzi , Terakawa Akira , Uematsu Saori , Hironaka Ken-ichi , Ohno Satoshi , Kubota Hiroyuki , Araki Hiromitsu , Miura Fumihito , Ito Takashi , Kuroda Shinya
Published: November 2023

Each tissue has a dominant set of functional proteins required to mediate tissue-specific functions. Epigenetic modifications, transcription, and translational efficiency control tissue-dominant protein production. However, the coordination of these regulatory mechanisms to achieve such tissue-specific protein production remains unclear. Here, we analyzed the DNA methylome, transcriptome, and proteome in mouse liver and skeletal muscle. We found that DNA hypomethylation at promoter regions is globally associated with liver-dominant or skeletal muscle-dominant functional protein production within each tissue, as well as with genes encoding proteins involved in ubiquitous functions in both tissues. Thus, genes encoding liver-dominant proteins, such as those involved in glycolysis or gluconeogenesis, the urea cycle, complement and coagulation systems, enzymes of tryptophan metabolism, and cytochrome P450-related metabolism, were hypomethylated in the liver, whereas those encoding-skeletal muscle-dominant proteins, such as those involved in sarcomere organization, were hypomethylated in the skeletal muscle. Thus, DNA hypomethylation characterizes genes encoding tissue-dominant functional proteins.
Potential for Person-to-Person Transmission of Henipaviruses: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Hegde Sonia T , Lee Kyu Han , Styczynski Ashley , Jones Forrest K , Gomes Isabella , Das Pritimoy , Gurley Emily S
Published: November 2023

Nipah virus Bangladesh (NiVB) is a bat-borne zoonosis transmitted between people through the respiratory route. The risk posed by related henipaviruses, including Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah virus Malaysia (NiVM), is less clear. We conducted a broad search of the literature encompassing both human infections and animal models to synthesize evidence about potential for person-to-person spread. More than 600 human infections have been reported in the literature, but information on viral shedding was only available for 40 case-patients. There is substantial evidence demonstrating person-to-person transmission of NiVB, and some evidence for NiVM. Less direct evidence is available about the risk for person-to-person transmission of HeV, but animals infected with HeV shed more virus in the respiratory tract than those infected with NiVM, suggesting potential for transmission. As the group of known henipaviruses continues to grow, shared protocols for conducting and reporting from human investigations and animal experiments are urgently needed.
Epithelial Cell NOD1/IRGM Recruits STX17 to Neisseria gonorrhoeae–Containing Endosomes to Initiate Lysosomal Degradation
Authors: Gao Shuai , Yuan Dailin , Gao Lingyu , Yang Fan , Lin Xu’ai , van der Veen Stijn
Published: November 2023

Neisseria gonorrhoeae establishes tight interactions with mucosal epithelia through activity of its type IV pilus, while pilus retraction forces activate autophagic responses toward invading gonococci. Here we studied pilus-independent epithelial cell responses and showed that pilus-negative gonococci residing in early and late endosomes are detected and targeted by nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1 (NOD1). NOD1 subsequently forms a complex with immunity-related guanosine triphosphatase M (IRGM) and autophagy-related 16–like 1 (ATG16L1) to activate autophagy and recruit microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) to the intracellular bacteria. IRGM furthermore directly recruits syntaxin 17 (STX17), which is able to form tethering complexes with the lysosome. Importantly, IRGM-STX17 interactions are enhanced by LC3 but were still observed at lower levels in an LC3 knockout cell line. These findings demonstrate key roles for NOD1 and IRGM in the sensing of intracellular N gonorrhoeae and subsequent directing of the bacterium to the lysosome for degradation.
Traumatic Stress, Social Work Education, Child Welfare, and Research
Authors: Pryce Josephine G , Shackelford Kimberly K , Pryce David H
Published: November 2023

Social Work Professionals Work With People Who Have Experienced trauma and victimization. The traumatic events may include the sexual or physical abuse of children, rape, domestic and familial abuse and violence, crime, genocide, and wars. And as recent events have shown, environmental and natural disasters such as floods, storms, and fires also result in trauma. McCann, Sakheim, and Abrahamson (1988) reviewed prevalence studies that indicate the world is full of human suffering. Child welfare practitioners intervene daily in situations in which children and adults are suffering from traumatic experiences. In many different client populations, workers encounter burns, broken bones, cuts, and bruises on people who have experienced powerful and potentially destructive emotions such as despair, terror, and feelings of worthlessness.
Psychoeducation and Human Behavior Theory
Authors: Walsh Joseph
Published: November 2023

As described in the last chapter, psychoeducation can be effective with a variety of life challenges and in a variety of formats. This chapter identifies the common elements of psychoeducation programs that contribute to their overall effectiveness. Practitioners should keep these in mind as essential for any program in which they are participating.
Group Development and Leadership
Authors: Walsh Joseph
Published: November 2023

Psychoeducation programs are often provided in group formats. This practice is compatible with the goals of the modality because all intervention groups set out to provide members with education and new skills, behaviors, and ways of understanding themselves and their surroundings (Toseland & Rivas, 2006). All groups also attend to the interpersonal needs of members through mutual support and perhaps social learning (see exhibits 5.1 and 5.2). Although group interventions may feature a variety of theoretical perspectives, almost all groups can be provided in formats based on the cognitive, behavioral, and psychodynamic theories described in chapter 2. The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of psychoeducational group development, leadership, and assessment. (Because this is a chapter on groups, the practitioner will be referred to as the leader.)
Schizophrenia
Authors: Walsh Joseph
Published: November 2023

Schizophrenia was the first mental illness to become the subject of psychoeducational interventions on a widespread basis. It was first because the disorder is chronic, highly disabling, and caused by a yet-unknown nervous system pathology. It was once believed to be caused by pathological family systems. Early family theorists used such terms as emotional divorce (Bowen, 1960), communication deviance (Lynne, Cromwell, & Matthysse, 1978), the double-bind (Bateson, Jackson, Haley, & Weakland, 1956), and family schisms and skewes (Lidz, 1975) to describe problematic parent-child interactions that supposedly caused a child to withdraw into psychosis. When the biological theories of schizophrenia became prominent in the 1970s, family advocacy groups organized to provide mutual education and support programs. They often had antagonistic feelings toward mental health providers, whom they viewed as stigmatizing (Vine, 1982). This chapter reviews the mental disorder of schizophrenia and a range of psychoeducational programs that have been shown to be helpful to the client’s and his or her family’s adjustment to the disorder.
Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Walsh Joseph
Published: November 2023

Bipolar disorder is a disorder of mood in which, over time, a person experiences one or more manic episodes that are usually accompanied by one or more major depressive episodes (APA, 2000). Bipolar disorder is primarily a disorder of brain functioning and is both recurrent and chronic. Medication is always a major, and sometimes the only, intervention for this disorder because of its demonstrated effectiveness. Still, the medicalization of bipolar disorder has tended to obscure the fact that it has an uncertain etiology and psychosocial risk influences. Research has continued to support hypotheses that there are psychological and social, as well as biological, components to the onset and course of the disorder. The person at times seems normal but at other times behaves in bizarre, even psychotic, ways. Persons afflicted with the disorder benefit from understanding and learning to cope with it. Psychoeducation has become a primary intervention for persons with bipolar disorder and their significant others. What follows is an overview of the disorder and material that can be useful in educating persons with bipolar disorder and their significant others.
Disruptive Behavior Disorders
Authors: Walsh Joseph
Published: November 2023

The disruptive behavior disorders involve a child’s or adolescent’s consistent patterns of behaviors that break the rules of social convention. It is common, of course, for young people to break some rules, and even serious oppositional behavior may be a normal part of those stages of development. Youths who develop disruptive behavior disorders, however, engage in behaviors that create serious and perhaps long-lasting problems for themselves and others. In these circumstances, the children and their caregivers, teachers, and other persons in positions of authority may benefit from an array of intervention, including psychoeducation, so that they can learn ways to help the young people in their care and secure adequate support from others in managing those challenges. The purpose of this chapter is to discuss psychoeducation programs that can be beneficial to participants in correcting the three primary disruptive behavior disorders: oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
Narrative In The Hebrew Bible
Authors: Gunn David M , Fewell Danna Nolan
Published: November 2023

After almost two centuries of historical criticism, biblical scholarship has recently taken major shifts in direction, most notably towards literary study of the Bible. Much germinal criticism has taken as its primary focus narrative texts of the Hebrew Bible (the `Old Testament'). This book belongs in this movement and provides a lucid guide to its interpretative possibilities. It tries to be both theoretical and practical, combining discussion of method and the business of reading in general with numerous illustrations through readings of particular texts. The opening chapter indicates how literary criticism is related to other dominant ways of reading the text over the last two thousand years, using as an example the story of Cain and Abel. In subsequent methodological chapters, the authors discuss characters, not excluding the narrator and God; plot, modifying recent theory to accommodate the peculiar complexity of biblical narratives; and the play of language through repetition, ambiguity, multivalence, metaphor and intertextuality. The concluding chapter, on readers and responsibility, explores the ideological dimension of narrative interpretation, with particular attention to Genesis 1-3, a story which has generated much discussion about gender and social hierarchy. Does this text define or challenge the statusquo (of either the ancient or the modern world)? The authors lay out some of the debate and question what values are at work when we and others read and champion readings. Other extended readings include: the stories of Abraham and Sarah, and of Tamar and Judah in Genesis, the book of Jonah, and the account of Nebuchadnezzar and the three Jews thrown into the fiery furnace, fromthe book of Daniel. An extensive bibliography completes the book, arranged by subject and biblical text.
Strategies for Reading
Authors: Gunn David M , Fewell Danna Nolan
Published: November 2023

Stories are a staple of human life. And stories abound in the Hebrew Bible. For many people in biblically influenced cultures, vague recollections of Abraham and Sarah journeying to the promised land or David felling the giant Goliath are a large part of their small conscious acquaintance with the Bible. For others, however, some of those stories are intimately known. The Jewish community constantly reaffirms its identity by retelling the Passover story from Exodus, just as Christians tell and retell the story of Jesus’ last supper from the New Testament. African-Americans, too, have deeply embraced the story of Moses and the children of Israel seeking freedom from slavery. The list could be extended indefinitely.
Abraham and Sarah: Genesis 11–22
Authors: Gunn David M , Fewell Danna Nolan
Published: November 2023

For some readers who have read selected stories about the first patriarch, Abraham is the man of faith, the man who obeyed God even when it meant leaving his home, even where it meant sacrificing his son. For readers who are willing to read the whole story in its final form, however, Abraham can be seen as a man of frequent surprise and great contradiction. Waffling between faith and unfaith, courage and cowardice, he meanders along supposedly in search of the fulfilment of God’s promise.