bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ZnO Nanostructure Based Gas Sensors: Critical Review Based on their
Synthesis and Morphology Towards Various Oxidizing and Reducing
Gases
Authors: Shaikh Tarannum , Jain Shilpa
Published: December 2022

Nanotechnology has enabled sensors to detect and sense a very small amount of chemical
vapors. Sensors play a major role in our daily life. The use of sensors has made human life easy. One
such type of sensor is the Gas sensor made up of Semiconducting metal oxides. These sensors have
their own unique features which help in the easy monitoring of toxic gases. Out of all the metal oxide
present, the gas sensors made up of ZnO nanostructures are mostly used in the gas sensing industry.
ZnO has become a research hotspot of gas-sensing material because of the variation in resistance observed
on the surface. These resistance changes are observed due to the adsorption & desorption of
gases. In this review, we will be discussing the ZnO nanostructures, their preparation and their applications
in the sensing of various toxic and flammable gases.
Revisiting the English Textbook Accessibility based on the Universal Design Learning Principles
Authors: Asanantha Emeraldine , Lintangsari Alies Poetri
Published: December 2022

Textbooks based on the teaching and learning process should be relevant to any students including students with disability, there are a lot of textbooks that are not suitable enough to provide accessible material. The goal of this study was to evaluate Universal Design for Learning (UDL) concepts in 2 online modules on UDL that were taught over one semester alongside English as a Foreign Language (EFL) lectures. The module is divided into 10 chapters that each discuss one of five categories of exploratory texts. To clarify the ULD concepts used in the curriculum, this research applied Textbook analysis using the Center for Applied Special Technology (CAST 2018) design framework. The results demonstrate that more ULD concepts, which notably provide multiple means of engagement, representation, and action & expression, can be used to provide better accommodation for blind students to support inclusion in educational materials. In addition, a strong desire to use the UDL concepts in their future teaching is encouraged through university modules. There is a discussion of restrictions and repercussions.
Kajian Penambahan Madu dan Pati Kimpul (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) pada Snack Bar Buah Kering dan Serealia
Authors:   Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jawa Timur, Rosida Dedin Finatsiyatull , Priyanto Anugerah Dany ,   Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jawa Timur, Ristanti Devi Wahyu ,   Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jawa Timur
Published: December 2022

Snack bar merupakan camilan berbentuk batangan yang sehat dengan kandungan gizi cukup tinggi dan minimum kalori sebesar 129 kkal. Pembuatan snack bar membutuhkan bahan buah-buahan seperti pisang dan pepaya, serealia berupa emping jagung untuk memperkaya gizi serta bahan pengikat berupa pati kimpul dan madu agar tekstur semakin kompak. Pati kimpul memiliki kandungan amilosa yang cukup tinggi sehingga mampu mengurangi penyerapan air dan membuat tekstur sedikit lebih keras. Sedangkan madu memiliki kandungan monosakarida berupa glukosa dan fruktosa yang mampu memberi rasa manis lebih tinggi dari sukrosa serta tekstur lunak dan chewy pada snack bar. Penggunaan bahan-bahan tersebut dinilai mampu mempengaruhi kualitas snack bar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penambahan madu dan pati kimpul terhadap kualitas snack bar yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial dengan dua faktor. Faktor pertama proporsi pati kimpul 15, 20 dan 25%. Faktor kedua adalah proporsi madu 10, 15, dan 20%. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA taraf 5%. Jika ada perbedaan dilanjutkan dengan Uji Duncan (DMRT) 5%. Hasil penelitian dengan perlakuan optimal berdasarkan nilai tertinggi pada uji organoleptik disertai kandungan gizi yang memenuhi adalah pada perlakuan proporsi pati kimpul dan madu 15:15. Pada perlakuan ini didapatkan kadar air 16%, kadar abu 1.62%, kadar protein 7.71%, kadar lemak 5.89%, kadar karbohidrat 68.70%, tekstur 23.48 mm/g.s, kalori 362.18 kkal, kadar serat pangan 5.76%, dan uji organoleptik (rasa, aroma, warna, tekstur) menunjukkan nilai rasa 4.16 (suka), aroma 4.04 (suka), warna 4.28 (suka), dan tekstur 4.40 (suka).
Pengaruh Jarak dan Warna Lampu Led (Light Emitting Diode) Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produktivitas Microgreen Brokoli (Brassica oleracea L.)
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Lutfi Musthofa , Hanum Siti Hamidah ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Pudjiono Ekoyanto ,   Universitas Brawijaya
Published: December 2022

Microgreen merupakan kelas baru sayuran yang dipanen dalam waktu 7-14 hari setelah semai, memiliki banyak potensi gizi dan menjadi tren terbaru dalam industri makanan. Penyinaran sangat berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman. Pendapatan cahaya yang optimum pada budidaya tanaman secara indoor sangat mempengaruhi proses fotosintesis tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengaruh warna dan jarak vertikal lampu LED terhadap pertumbuhan dan produktivitas microgreen brokoli, sehingga mendapatkan warna dan jarak vertikal lampu LED yang baik untuk budidaya microgreen brokoli. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial (RALF), terdiri dari 3 kali pengulangan dan 2 faktorial. Faktor pertama adalah jarak vertikal/tinggi lampu LED (T) yang digunakan yaitu 20 cm (T1), 40 cm (T2) dan 60 cm (T3), faktor kedua yaitu warna cahaya lampu LED (W) yang digunakan berwarna warm white (W1), merah (W2) dan biru (W3). Selain itu ada 3 tanaman pembanding (kontrol) pada jarak vertikal lampu 20 cm (T1) dengan lampu LED putih (W0). Parameter yang diamati yaitu intensitas cahaya, energi lampu LED, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, tingkat kehijauan daun dan berat basah microgreen brokoli. Berdasarkan penelitian ini disarankan untuk budidaya sayuran microgreen brokoli dilakukan pada warna lampu LED putih (W0) atau warm white (W1), menggunakan jarak vertikal lampu LED terhadap tanaman 20 cm (T1) dengan lama penyinaran 16 jam/hari agar mendapatkan hasil yang maksimal.
DERİN ÖĞRENME TEKNİĞİ KULLANILARAK KARS İLİNİN HAVA SICAKLIK TAHMİNİ
Authors: KARABULUT Muhammet Ali , TOPÇU Emre
Published: December 2022

Hava sıcaklığının doğru tahmini, su kaynakları yönetiminde, kara-atmosfer etkileşiminde ve tarımda önemli bir rol oynar. Ancak, doğrusal olmayan ve kaotik doğası nedeniyle hava sıcaklığını doğru bir şekilde tahmin etmek zordur. Son yıllarda hava sıcaklığını tahmin etmek için derin öğrenme teknikleri önerilmiştir. Bu çalışma, hava sıcaklığını tahmin etmek için kullanılan yapay sinir ağı (YSA) tabanlı yaklaşımlarından uzun kısa süreli bellek (LSTM) kapsamlı bir incelemesini sunmaktadır. Hava durumu verileri, ortalama rüzgâr hızı, yağış, kar yağışı, kar derinliği, ortalama sıcaklık, maksimum sıcaklık ve minimum sıcaklığı içeren veriler bu algoritmaya girdi olmuşturlar. Çıktı olarak ise, bir sonraki gün için ortalama sıcaklık olarak belirlenmiştir. Odak noktası Kars ilinin Merkez ilçesinin 2010-2021 dönemindeki meteorolojik ölçümlerdir. İnceleme, sinir ağı modellerinin hava sıcaklığını tahmin etmek için umut verici araçlar olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir. YSA tabanlı yaklaşımlar, hızlı işlem kabiliyeti ve karmaşık problemlerle başa çıkma yetenekleri nedeniyle hava sıcaklığını tahmin etmek için yaygın olarak kullanılmasına rağmen, mevcut en iyi yöntem üzerinde henüz bir fikir birliği yoktur. Aylık ve günlük olarak hesaplanan modelin tahmin doğruluğunun yüksek olması, sıcaklık tahmini çalışmalarında bu modelin başarılı bir şekilde uygulanabileceğini göstermiştir.
TOPLU TAŞIMA YOLCULARININ SOSYO-DEMOGRAFİK ÖZELLİKLERİNİN ERİŞİLEBİLİRLİK, BEKLEME VE SEYAHAT SÜRESİ ALGISINA ETKİSİ
Authors: ÇAPALI Buket , TERZİ Serdal , SALTAN Mehmet
Published: December 2022

Toplu taşıma hizmetinin kalitesini belirleyen faktörlerden en önemlileri seyahat süresi, bekleme süresi ve erişilebilirlik süresidir. Bu çalışmada, Isparta ili toplu taşıma sistemi incelenmiş ve yolcuların algılarına dayalı hizmet kalitesinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu nedenle en çok kullanılan beş hat seçilmiştir. Hatlarda araç içi anket çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Metodoloji, yolcuların duraklara erişim süresi, duraklarda bekleme süresi ve seyahat süresi olmak üzere üç parametrenin ağırlıklarının yolcuların sosyo-demografik özelliklerine göre istatistiksel araçlarla belirlenmesini içermektedir. Bu çalışmada, hizmet kalitesini iyileştirmek ve toplu taşımaya daha fazla yolcu çekmek için parametrelerin ağırlıklarının çok terimli logit modeli ile etkileşimi araştırılmıştır. Pearson modeli kullanılarak birbirleri ile anlamlılık dereceleri tespit edilmiştir. İkiden fazla değeri olan çalışma durumu (çalışıyor, öğrenci, emekli, çalışmıyor, öğrenci ve çalışıyor), eğitim durumu (ilköğretim, lise, üniversite) bağımlı değişken olarak ele alınırken, bağımsız değişkenler erişilebilirlik süresi, bekleme süresi ve seyahat süresidir. Bunlara ek olarak yolcuların yaşı, seyahat amacı, cinsiyeti, kent kart kullanımı ve özel araç sahipliği açıklayıcı değişkenler olarak yorumlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak çok terimli logit modelinde çalışma durumu bağımlı değişken seçildiğinde erişilebilirlik süresi (βerişilebilirlik=0.0808), bekleme süresi (βbekleme=-0.0709) ve seyahat süresi (βseyahat=0.1246) bağımsız değişken katsayıları elde edilmiştir. Eğitim durumu bağımlı değişken seçildiğinde erişilebilirlik süresi (βerişilebilirlik=0.0518), bekleme süresi (βbekleme=-0.1963) ve seyahat süresi (βseyahat=0.1711) bağımsız değişken katsayıları elde edilmiştir.
OPTIMIZATION OF ALKALINE–THERMAL HYDROLYSIS TO OBTAIN STRUVITE FROM DIGESTED SLUDGE USING A BOX–BEHNKEN DESIGN: SOLUBILIZATION OF NUTRIENTS AND METALS
Authors: UYSAL Ayla , AYDOĞAN Mehmet
Published: December 2022

In this study, we investigated ways by which to optimize metals and nutrients solubilization from sewage sludge using alkaline–thermal hydrolysis and the Box–Behnken design. We also examined through struvite crystallization the recovery of solubilized nutrients from hydrolyzed liquid and determined the effect of NaOH concentration, the liquid/solid ratio, and temperature on the hydrolysis process. Nutrients solubilization was positively affected by decreasing liquid/sludge ratio and increasing NaOH concentration. Ca, Al, and Zn solubilization increased with increasing temperature. The optimum condition for solubilization of nutrients and metals was 0.7 M NaOH and a 5/1 mL/g liquid/solid ratio at 35 °C. EDS analyses of hydrolyzed sludge obtained under optimum conditions showed that the mass percentage of C, P, Fe, Al, and K decreased compared to that of the digested sludge. Under optimum conditions, the removal efficiencies of NH4+ and PO43- from hydrolyzed liquid by struvite precipitation were 57.43 and 79.22% at a N:Mg:P molar ratio of 1:1:1, and 73.31 and 99.02% at a N:Mg:P molar ratio of 1:1.5:1, respectively. XRD analyses of the dry precipitate showed hazenite in addition to struvite formation at a molar ratio of N:Mg:P of 1:1:1.
CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF A TRANSPORT MACHINE FOR CONVEYING BALL-LIKE MATERIAL
Authors: PARLAR Zeynep
Published: December 2022

Conveying of granular material in the manufacturing process is quite common. The transport system design directly affected by the properties of the material and the transport conditions. Grainy materials can be transported not only by mechanical methods such as belt, screw, bucket and so on but also by pneumatic and hydraulic systems. It is a general requirement for the conveying equipment to allow both horizontal and vertical conveying to be able to transport the material with minimum energy cost. The main goal of this work is to design a special machine which transports ball-like materials from one source to another. The well-known systematic design approach is used to reach the optimum design satisfying design constraints. This design process includes clarify the task (problem definition), conceptual design (establish solution principles), embodiment design (achieve concept variants and selection) and detail design of selected variant. In present study, by following systematic design approach, a transport machine with a rotary plate was designed.
THE EFFECT OF USING PHASE CHANGE MATERIALS AND EXAMINING THE ASPECT RATIO IN AN AIR-COOLED SYSTEM OF A PLATE BATTERY CONNECTED TO A SOLAR SYSTEM
Authors: AKKURT Nevzat
Published: December 2022

Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in the electronics industry to store electrical energy. One of the challenges with these batteries is that they heat up during operation, which can damage the battery. For this reason, this paper simulates the cooling process of a plate-type (BTP) lithium-ion battery pack. To control the temperature of the battery (T-B), a laminar air flow and a phase change material (PCM) are used. The PCM is placed in a heat sink around the battery. This evaluation is performed temporarily for four different dimensions of the PCM pack. The hot outlet of this system is used to provide the thermal energy required for a small residential building (THE) at a mild temperature. The BTP was also simulated using COMSOL. The results show that the use of larger heat sinks can increase the maximum (MAX) and average (AVE) temperature of the battery. The minimum T-B occurs at different times for the smaller PCM heat sinks. Also, when using a heatsink with a larger PCM volume, it takes longer for the PCM to fully solidify. A BTP with 5 or 50 battery cells can provide up to 3% or 30% of the THE required for the building.
The effect of ultrasonic processing on physical and chemical properties of milk‐based soft, brine cheese
Authors: Kadi Ammar , Bagale Uday , Potoroko Irina
Published: December 2022

Many earlier studies have documented pasteurization problems in the dairy industry. As a result, ultrasonic processing has been researched as a non‐heat alternative to pasteurization. In this study, milk‐based soft cheese was treated using various sonication times (0, 1, and 3 min) at a set frequency (22 kHz) with an amplitude of 60% of 630 W and different ripening periods (0, 15, 30, and 60 days) in brine (15%), stored at 4 °C, to reduce heat treatment and increase yield. The physicochemical parameters of white cheeses were examined over next 60 days and compared with a control cheese. The result showed that ultrasound had no significant effect on the cheeses in terms of their fat and protein content on storage. Compared to the control sample, ultrasound treatment improved the taste and aroma ratings due to increased lipolysis and proteolysis. In terms of overall acceptability, the ultra‐filtrate cheese sonicated for 3 min received the highest marks compared to the control. Sonication for 3 min treated fresh milk showed the maximum yield (190.5 g/L milk) compared to untreated raw milk yields (150.32 g/L).
Perbandingan Volume Stockpile Batu Bara Hasil UAV Fotogrametri dan UAV Lidar
Authors: Aji Antonius Raditya Seno , Djurdjani Djurdjani -
Published: December 2022

Survei volumetrik merupakan kegiatan rutin yang memiliki fungsi pengawasan dalam area stockpile (tumpukan material) batu bara. Karena itu hasil pengukuran volume yang akurat sangat diperlukan. Akurasi pengukuran volume ditentukan oleh metode dan peralatan yang digunakan. Perangkat survei yang umum digunakan dalam pengukuran volume adalah alat Total Station (TS), GPS/ GNSS, atau Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS). Pemanfaatan wahana Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) metode fotogrametri dan Light Detection and Ranging (Lidar) populer digunakan untuk pengukuran volume stockpile. Karakteristik tekstur dan warna pada stockpile batu bara yang cenderung homogen menjadi tantangan dalam pengambilan data fotogrametri. Penelitian dilakukan dengan membandingkan hasil hitungan volume dari akuisisi data UAV Fotogrametri, UAV Lidar, dan survei GPS yang dilakukan pada periode waktu yang sama. Uji volume dilakukan dengan membandingkan volume keseluruhan (bulk volume) hasil UAV Fotogrametri, UAV Lidar, dan survei GPS merujuk pada ASTM D6172-98. Uji-t juga dilakukan dengan data volume blok uji hasil UAV Fotogrametri dengan UAV Lidar menggunakan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil uji signifikansi antara blok uji UAV Fotogrametri dengan UAV Lidar menunjukan bahwa selisih hitungan volume kedua metode berbeda secara signifikan. Artinya pengukuran volume dengan UAV Lidar tidak bisa disamakan dengan UAV Fotogrametri, dan metode UAV Lidar disarankan untuk pengukuran stockpile batu bara. Tahapan image matching yang tidak maksimal menjadi faktor volume UAV Fotogrametri tidak masuk toleransi, yang disebabkan adanya under-exposure dan over-exposure pada hasil foto udara serta citra stockpile yang umumnya homogen.
Kondisi Psikologis dan Kualitas Tidur pada Lansia Kelompok Prolanis
Authors: Susanto Joko , Makhfudli Makhfudli , Ilkafah Ilkafah , Sairozi Ali , Tyas Anestasia Pangestu Mei , Wijayanti Endah Sri , Iswatun Iswatun , Umam Khotibul
Published: December 2022

Latar Belakang: Prevalensi penyakit kronis terutama diabetes melitus (DM) dan hipertensi pada lanjut usia (lansia) terus meningkat. Hal ini berisiko menimbulkan kecacatan, penurunan kualitas hidup, bahkan kematian. Sebagian besar lansia mengeluh mengalami gangguan tidur sehingga mempengaruhi status kesehatan dan kualitas hidup. Aspek psikologis diidentifikasi sebagai salah satu faktor penyebab utama masalah tidur pada lansia penderita DM dan hipertensi.Tujuan: Menganalisis hubungan kondisi psikologis dengan kualitas tidur lansia penderita DM dan hipertensi.Metode: Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan cross sectional di Puskesmas Sukodadi Kabupaten Lamongan pada bulan Oktober‒Desember 2019. Sampel penelitian adalah 104 lansia kelompok prolanis secara purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner psychological distress dan Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Analisis data dengan uji Spearman.Hasil: Sebagian besar 65,4% lansia mengalami tekanan psikologis ringan, dan 54,8% lansia memiliki kualitas tidur baik. Hasil uji Spearman rho p=0,004 dan r=0,282, berarti terdapat hubungan kondisi psikologis dengan kualitas tidur lansia penderita penyakit kronis, kekuatan korelasi lemah dan bersifat positif.Kesimpulan: Kondisi psikologis secara statistik berhubungan dengan kualitas tidur pada lansia penderita penyakit kronis pada kelompok prolanis.
ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS' CRITICAL THINKING ABILITY IN TEMPERATURE AND HEAT
Authors:   UIN Sunan Gunung Djati, Fitriyani Dina , Malik Adam ,   UIN Sunan Gunung Djati, Chusni Muhammad Minan ,   UIN Sunan Gunung Djati
Published: December 2022

In learning, the ability to think critically must be trained and familiarized. The goal is for learners to understand the concepts of science and not just remember formulas. Critical thinking is the ability to think with high curiosity about information to gain insights. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method that aims to describe the critical thinking ability of students. the results showed that the critical thinking ability of students is still low, so they still have to be trained and familiarized. To help improve students' critical thinking skills, they can use the right learning models and learning methods. Keywords : critical thinking ability, learning model, learning method
Sensory Profile of Cocoa Powder Using Analytical Hierarchy Process
Authors: Tunjung-Sari Ariza Budi , Prameswari Fitrih Salsabilah , Belgis Maria , Amilia Winda
Published: December 2022

Cocoa powder comes with various attributes in its taste affecting consumer acceptance. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) approach can be used to identify the effect of each attribute on the sensory profile of cocoa powder. This present study used the AHP approach to determine the degree of importance of sensory attributes on several types of cocoa powder and find the type with the best sensory profile. Cocoa powder comes from cocoa beans made through fermentation and non-fermentation process. In addition, we used non-fermented cocoa powder treated with water and incubated at 45oC for 4, 8, and 16 hours later named as incubated cocoa powder. Then, the sensory attributes of fermented cocoa powder were used as the reference in assessing the sensory profile of incubated cocoa powder, including the one going through the treatment. The sensory analysis performed by trained panelists revealed 11 attributes that made up the flavor profile of cocoa powder. Of these 11 attributes, only 4 were considered primary attributes with a high degree of importance, including chocolate (23.7%), sweet (19.9%), caramel (11.8%), and nutty (10.9%). Other attributes had a lower degree of importance, including creamy (7.4%), fruity (6.5%), green (5.4%), flowery (4.8%), astringent (4.5%), bitter (3.1%), and acid (2.2%). AHP also ranked the incubated cocoa powder based on the similarity of the flavor profile with fermented cocoa powder. Nonfermented cocoa powder without treatments fell into the lowest rank, while nonfermented cocoa powder with treatments fell into a higher category in the following order: 8 hours > 16 hours > 4 hours. To summarize, AHP can be used in decisionmaking affected by many factors. AHP has been proven effective in determining the sensory profile of cocoa powder, especially in choosing the attribute withthe highest effect. In addition, AHP helps determine the best treatment for incubated cocoa powder to produce the most similar sensory profile to fermented cocoa powder.
Antioxidant Content of Tisane of Cocoa Bean Shells as Affected by Roasting Temperatures
Authors: . Gumelar , Firmanto Hendy , Nurcholis Mochamad
Published: December 2022

Cocoa bean shell is a by-product of processing chocolate products that can be used as a tea infusion because it contains bioactive compounds such as polyphenols which act as antioxidants. Roasting plays a very important role in the development of aromas and flavors. The temperature commonly used in roasting is about 100 – 150 ºC. Phenolic content plays a role in the formation of sensory properties of the product due to the presence of interaction with proteins through the Maillard reaction that occurs in the roasting process. This study aims to determine the effect of roasting temperature on the antioxidant activity of tea infusions from cocoa bean shells. The methods used in this study are the folin-ciocalteu method and the DPPH method. Cocoa bean shell tea with a roasting temperature of 100ºC, 20 minutes has the highest total phenols, antioxidant levels, and radical scavenging activity of 21.54 ± 0.37 mg GAE/g; 12.80 ± 0.17 mg AA/g; and 85.18 ± 1.28%. The total amount of phenols has a very strong correlation to antioxidant levels, radical scavenging, the color value of the brew L*, b*, and is inversely proportional to the color value of a*. Cocoa bean shell tea roasting temperature of 140ºC, 18 minutes has the highest IC50 value of 22.76 mg /ml. In addition, the roasting temperature can affect the sensory attribute character of cocoa bean shell tea.
Absorption of Cadmium and its Effect on the Growth of Halfsib Family of Three Cocoa Clones Seedling
Authors: Zakariyya Fakhrusy , Iman Santoso Teguh , Abdoellah Soetanto
Published: December 2022

The issue of cadmium in cocoa beans has become one of the primary considerations in setting quality criteria in chocolate-consuming countries. Using rootstock genotypes that are tolerant to cadmium uptake can provide data on the absorption of cadmium into shoots for recovery. This study examined cocoa plants’ growth and physiological response to cadmium (Cd) accumulation. The research was carried out using polybags in the Greenhouse of the Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Center using a half-sib family of cocoa aged 4 months after sowing. The study was designed using a completely randomized split-plot design with 3 replications. The parent plots were the half-sib families of Sulawesi 1, Sulawesi 2, and Scavina 6. The subplots were added with cadmium solution at 0 (control), 2, 4, and 8 ppm. The results showed that adding cadmium up to 8 ppm did not affect the growth and biomass of cocoa seedlings; however, it had a negative effect on plant physiological processes of the net assimilation rate and relative growth rate. Cadmium content in the tissue increased with increasing cadmium concentration in the growing medium. The accumulation of cadmium in roots was higher than that of shoots. Absorption of cadmium in the root tissue of Sulawesi 1 was higher than that of Scavina 6 and Sulawesi 2; genetic factors did not affect cadmium uptake in the shoots. There was a positive correlation between root dry weight and cadmium concentration in the tissue; the higher the dry weight of the root tissue, the higher the cadmium uptake in plants.
Несущая способность коррозионно-поврежденных изгибаемых железобетонных элементов, подвергнутых огневому воздействию
Authors: Тамразян Ашот
Published: December 2022

Одной из основных причин ремонта и восстановления жилых домовжилых домов и сооружений является коррозия железобетонных конструкции. В статье приводятся резуль­таты экспериментальных исследований по огнестойкости корродированного высокопрочного железобетона. Для этого были изготовлены железобетонные балки различной прочности и бетонные призмы для испытания на сжатие (ГОСТ 10180-2012).
После набора прочности все балки подвергались корро­зии в два этапа с применением электрического тока, затем производилась оценка трещин от коррозии, после чего 50% образцов подвергались воздействию огня, следуя кривой времени-температуры по ГОСТ 30247.0-94 (ИСО 834-75).
Повреждения от огня были оценены и сравнены между образцами с использованием метода ультразвуковой им­пульсной диагностики (УИД). Все образцы были проверены по прочности на изгиб с использованием ГОСТ 10180-2012. Влияние огневых воздействий на корродированные балки анализировалось по уровню коррозии. Потери несущей способности изгибаемых корродированных балок со­ставляли от 78 % до 84% в зависимости от целостности корродированной балки после воздействия огня, которая имела прочность на сжатие 70МПа и средний уровень коррозии 9,3%. Такая большая потеря несущей способ­ности результат сильного растрескивания бетона из-за совместного действия коррозии и огневого воздействия. Кроме того, образцы с трещинами в целом демонстрируют линейную зависимость от уровня коррозии стальной ар­матуры, связанной с потерей массы.
“Dastur al-katib” as a source on history of state, law and chancellery culture of the Golden Horde (by the example of yarlighs on the appointment of emirs of the ulus)
Authors:   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Abzalov Lenar F. , Gatin Marat S. ,   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Mustakimov Ilias A. ,   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University,   National Library of the Republic of Tatarstan, Pochekaev Roman Yu. ,   HSE University in St. Petersburg,   Scientific and Educational Center of Altaistics and Turkology “The Great Altai”
Published: December 2022

Research objectives: To use historical monuments of Persian origin from the 14th c. as a possible source for the political, legal, and chancellery history in the Jochid Ulus and for specific features of the status of “emir of ulus”, a type of high official in Chinggisid states. Materials and methods of research: The basic materials are yarlighs included into the “Dastur al-katib” of Muhammad b. Hindushah Nakhchivani in its Persian original as well as in German translation by J. von Hammer-Purgstall. The present work also employs other medieval sources on history of the Golden Horde and Iran in the Hulaguid and Jalayir epochs. The methods of research are historical, diplomatic, historical, legal, and comparative historical analysis which amount to an interdisciplinary approach which allows to study historical documents with the highest effectiveness. Scientific novelty: This represents the first Russian translation of the first yarligh on the appointment of the emir of ulus from the “Dastur al-katib” which is studied as a historical source, an example of Mongol chancellery practices, and as a legal monument. Results of the research: The analysis of this document allows one to reconstruct the legal status of the emir of ulus as a high official in Chinggisid states, the requirements for candidates of this position, the rights and obligations of this official, while drawing parallels between similar positions in Iran and the Golden Horde. Comparative diplomatic analysis allows one to clarify similarities in the official paper work in uluses of Hulaguids and Jochids and to confirm the common roots of chancellery traditions in these states that were heirs of the Mongol Empire.
Mongolian page of the Ulus Jochi’ history
Authors:   National University of Mongolia, Urangua Khereid Jamsran
Published: December 2022

This review article discusses a new scientific publication of the Institute of Mongolian Studies and the Department of History of the Mongolian State University. In 2019, Steppe Publishing published a collective monograph entitled «History of the Mongol Empire» in 5 volumes. The titles of the volumes correspond to the names of the states that made up the Mongol Empire in the XIII–XIV centuries: «Mongol Empire», «Yuan Empire», «Ulus Jochi», «Ulus Ilkhanate», and «Chagatai ulus». The third volume of the monograph covers the history of the Mongols in the 13th–16th centuries. It is about the state founded by Jochi, the eldest son of Genghis Khan. This book «Ulus Jochi» is the 6th book to be published on the history of the «Golden Horde» in Mongolia, being a new fundamental work of young historians of the country. The оbjective of the study was to highlight the content of the monograph and to reveal the novelty of the recent work by Mongolia’s historians. Research materials: In the course of writing a review, the author sought to find comparative historiographic works on the topic, including those that touch on controversial issues in the history of Ulus Jochi. Results and novelty of the research from the point of view of research methodology, the collective monograph “Ulus Jochi” is written with novelty, namely in regard to its conceptual apparatus. The author of this work agrees with the main provisions and conclusions of the book under review and believes that this work has made many steps forward in studying the history of the Ulus Jochi [Golden Horde].
Problem questions in studying of the Golden Horde city Mokhshi
Authors:   Penza State University, Belousov Sergey V. , Stavitsky Vladimir V. ,   Penza State University
Published: December 2022

Research objectives: To analyze the problematic issues of the chronology, periodization, historical development, and economic development of the administrative center of the northeastern ulus of the Golden Horde – the Mokhshi city (Narovchatsky settlement). Research materials: Data from archaeological excavations of the Narovchatsky settlement, numismatic collections of the Golden Horde coins, and previously published works on this issue which need a critical approach and the addition of supplementary details. Results and novelty of the research: The history of the existence of this city covers the period from the XII century to the beginning of the XV century. The main sources are materials from archaeological excavations, including numismatic collection of coins minted in the Mokhshi city. Urban development objects are represented by mausoleums, mosques, industrial sites, and residential buildings, information about which is supplemented by finds of jewelry, household items, and weapons. In the pre-Mongol period, a Mordovian settlement arose here and at the beginning of the 14th century, the ulus center was transferred from the city of Ukek to Mokhshi. From that point, the city experienced its most flourishing period when it became not only an administrative but also a trade and craft center. Copper and silver coins were minted in the city. Buildings made of burnt bricks were erected, a white-stone mosque likewise being built. The development of the production traditions of the local Mordovian population continued, influenced by Volga Bulgaria, and noted changes in the spiritual culture of the site can be associated with the spread of Islam. From the mid-1360s, the decline of both the city itself and its rural districts can be observed.
Budget revenues in the regions of the Russian Far East: issues and opportunities
Authors:   he Federal Autonomous Research Institution «The Eastern State Planning Center», Veprikova E.V. , Novitskiy A.A. ,   The Federal Autonomous Research Institution «The Eastern State Planning Center», Shevchenko I.A. ,   The Federal Autonomous Research Institution «The Eastern State Planning Center»
Published: December 2022

In the emerging new economic conditions, the role of the Russian Far East as a critical element in the implementation of the Eastern vector of the development of the Russian economy is growing. Increased attention to the Far Easter uncovers opportunities for the growth of its investment attractiveness and raises issues of economic and social development of the Far-Eastern territories. An essential element of regional development is the conditions of the budgetary systems of the Far-Eastern regions – their ability to develop their own sources of revenue and increase their self-sufficiency. The article considers the current state and problems of tax and non-tax revenues of budgets in the regions of the Russian Far East. The Far-Eastern regions are significantly differentiated in terms of the size and structure of budgetary revenues, which leads to different reactions to changes in the economic situation and tax regulation. Over the past ten years, the regions of the Russian Far East have demonstrated modest growth in tax revenues, which is a joint result of both economic development trends and the tax policy pursued by the state. An estimate of the size of shortfalls in revenues of regional budgets for corporate income tax as a result of preferential tax regimes is assessed. The dynamic development of the economy’s resource and raw materials sector enabled a significant tax potential in the macro-region that can be used as a source of additional financial support for regional budgets and the formation of “development budgets”. Impacts on the budgets of the Far-Eastern regions in the case of partial decentralization of the federal part of the mineral extraction tax are considered.
Approaches to the assessment improving of effectiveness of the local government (using the example of the Khabarovsk territory)
Authors:   The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, the  Far-Eastern  institute of management – branch of RANEPA, Khvan I.S.
Published: December 2022

Bodies of the Local government are the level of public power that is «closest» to the people. By and large, their powers are to organize the basic issues of life of the population: preschool and general education, landscaping, electrical, heat, gas and water supply, organization of leisure for the population and much more. At the same time, the assessment of the activities of public authorities is a tool made to improve the effectiveness of this activity, and, as a result, increase satisfaction of the residents with the quality of providing of the state and municipal services. Despite the fact that the official methodology for assessing the effectiveness of activities of the local self-government bodies, approved by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation in 2008 No. 607 is constantly being adjusted, in practice, attempts to improve it, including for the more accurate accounting of the specifics of each territory continue. Thus, the purpose of this article was to assess the need and opportunities to improve the methodology for assessing the effectiveness of local governments in the Khabarovsk territory. Consideration of this issue on the example of specific subject is due to the fact that the modern official methodology assumes it before setting it up in the region. The article analyzed the genesis of the methodology and the results of assessing the effectiveness of activities of the local self-government bodies of the Khabarovsk territory in the period from 2017 to 2021. The analysis made it possible to put forward the assumption that introduction of an indicator of the degree of achievement of strategic goals for development of the municipality in the methodology for assessing the effectiveness of activities of the local self-government bodies of the Khabarovsk territory will make it possible to more accurately take into account the specifics of each territory.
Brand social functions in the age of digital transformation
Authors:   South Ural State University, Milyaeva Ekaterina
Published: December 2022

Introduction. Digital transformation transforms all spheres of society. Digital technologies are gradually changing the interaction between producers and consumers, creating new forms of communication. The priorities of individual consumption have become of greater importance for public relations. Consumption is being individualized as the consumption of meanings, and not just the functions of things and services. Prosumers are being emerged, joint and responsible consumer practices — sharing, recycling, etc. are being spread. In the context of digitalization, the need for a person to create a “demand for himself” in order to be recognized / to be let into social relations (work, family, friendship, hobbies, etc.) is actualized. A brand as a sociocultural phenomenon and its functions are undergoing significant changes under the influence of digitalization. The purpose of the study is to identify and characterize the social functions of the brand in a situation of total digitalization. Methods. The author uses general scientific methods — analysis, comparison, generalization, classification. Classification of the brand function is carried out on the basis of structural and functional analysis and a systematic approach. Scientific novelty of the study. The article presents the specifics of functioning of the brand as a sociocultural phenomenon of the consumer society in the context of digitalization. The author identifies and characterizes social functions of the brand in the digital space. Results. Consumption in the digital space is characterized by the growing importance of not only the manufacturer’s activity, but also the cultural-creative practices of consumers that set trends in the digital and material market, determine and create Web 2.0 Internet content. Brands, due to their symbolic nature, have actualized their functions in the digital environment. Conclusion. Brand research from the standpoint of social, humanitarian and philosophical sciences can reveal its humanistic potential for developing man and society in the digital age. The social functions of the brand in the digital space contribute to the self-development of a person and the evolution of social relations due to the focus on individuality and creativity.
Pengaruh keberadaan fasilitas kesehatan terhadap penemuan kasus tuberkulosis di Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu tahun 2019
Authors: Hasibuan Winarty Natalia , Sembiring Wulan Sari Rasna Giri , Fakhrizal Deni
Published: December 2022

Tuberkulosis (TB) merupakan penyebab kematian tertinggi ke-10 di dunia. Kasus TB di Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu tahun 2019 yaitu 344 kasus. Salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan penyebaran TB Paru yaitu fasilitas kesehatan yang sulit diakses karena keadaan  geografis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah  untuk melihat gambaran dan pengaruh sacara spasial  kondisi wilayah dan fasilitas kesehatan dengan kasus Tuberkulosis (TB) di Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu. Penelitian ini adalah analisis data sekunder yang dilakukan pada sepuluh kecamatan di wilayah Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu secara agregat. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Spasial Autoregression (SAR) untuk melihat keterkaitan wilayah terhadap  kasus TB dan faktor lainnya. Dari empat variabel independen yang diuji (luas wilayah, kepadatan penduduk, fasilitas kesehatan dan tenaga kesehatan) didapatkan hasil bahwa yang mempengaruhi kasus TB di wilayah Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu adalah keberadaan fasilitas kesehatan (p-value 0,0001), sementara tiga variavel lainnya tidak berpengaruh.
Reflexões sobre estilos de aprendizagem na formação em Engenharia de Produção
Authors: Pizzolato Morgana , Falavigna Braghirolli Lynceo , Weber Righi Angela , Alebrant Mendes Angélica , Taina Marczewski Leticia
Published: December 2022

Os estilos de aprendizagem relacionam-se à maneira pela qual as pessoas interagem com as condições de aprendizagem, abrangendo aspectos cognitivos, afetivos, físicos e ambientais relacionados ao processamento de informações. Este estudo objetivou identificar os estilos de aprendizagem predominantes em estudantes de um curso de Engenharia de Produção na Região Sul do Brasil, utilizando o Inventário de Estilo de Aprendizagem de Kolb. Para tal, foi realizado um estudo de caso descritivo com uma amostra de 332 estudantes nos anos de 2012 a 2018. Verificou-se que mais de 80% dos estudantes ingressantes no curso tem o perfil assimilador ou convergente. Estudantes do sexo masculino tem, percentualmente, um perfil convergente, enquanto o sexo feminino tem perfil assimilador. Este estudo é fundamental em tempos de adaptação dos currículos de graduação em Engenharia e necessidade de reavaliação das metodologias de ensino provocada pelo ensino remoto imposto pela Pandemia da Covid-19.
Optimal Control and Adaptive Learning for Stabilization of a Quadrotor-type Unmanned Aerial Vehicle via Approximate Dynamic Programming
Authors: De Souza Joelson Miller Bezerra , Rêgo Patrícia Helena Moraes , Sousa Guilherme Bonfim , Lima Janes Valdo Rodrigues
Published: December 2022

The development of an optimal controller for stabilization of a quadrotor system using an adaptive critic structure based on policy iteration schemes is proposed in this paper. This approach is inserted in the context of Approximate Dynamic Programming and it is used to solve optimal decision problems on-line, without requiring complete knowledge of the system dynamics model to be controlled. The main feature of the adaptive critic design method that allows for on-line implementation is that it solves the Bellman optimality equation in a forward-in-time fashion, whereas traditional dynamic programming requires a backward-in-time procedure. This feedback control design technique is able to tune the controller parameters on-line in the presence of variations in plant dynamics and external disturbances using data measured along the system trajectories. Computational simulation results based on a quadrotor model demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
SEGBEE: Mobile Application for Honey Segmentation in Apiary Boards
Authors: Rocha Daniel W. S. , Melo Eduardo Cardoso , Oliveira Bruno Alberto Soares
Published: December 2022

Beekeeping is one of the most important activities for humans. Since ancient times, honey has been used in the treatment of several diseases and is an extremely powerful antioxidant. The process of visual analysis of the apiary requires trained specialists who try to obtain relevant information to make a decision about what to do with the honeycomb. Since the process is performed manually, given the complexity of the task, opportunities arise for the application of automated systems that can assist the beekeeper's decision making. Thus, this paper presents the development of the application \textit{SegBee}, a computational tool that performs the segmentation in the apiary plates, where there is the presence of honey, in an accessible, fast and practical way. To do this, the OpenCV library was used for the digital image processing part, and the Kivy library was used to develop the interface of the mobile application. The tests performed showed that the images were adequately segmented by \textit{SegBee}, indicating where the honey is located on each analyzed plate. A visual comparison was made between results obtained by \textit{SegBee} and another commercial application, demonstrating the effectiveness of the developed tool. The proposed solution contributes to the improvement of the beekeeping professionals' work, once the application is simple to use and fast to process, being able to help in the honey identification task in apiaries plates.
IMAGINANDO O FUTURO PARA EXISTÊNCIAS QUARE
Authors: Morais Fernando Luís de , Ceneviva Nigro Claudia Maria , Arseneault Jesse
Published: December 2022

O Norte e o Sul globais oferecem desafios distintos? Se a elaboração de uma resposta a essa questão tocar, ainda que minimamente, a problemática do colonialismo e de seus impactos, ela será categoricamente afirmativa. Considerando, portanto, produções literárias de escritores e escritoras dissidentes sexuais negros (quare), localizados nesses dois espaços geográficos, abordaremos seus textos a partir da temática das constituições de família/parentesco. Enfocando o desmantelamento de modelos pré-concebidos dessas formações, mas também de raça/etnia, gênero e sexualidade, empreendemos uma reflexão que possibilite pensar um futuro – ou futuros – para existências quare, ainda cerceadas pela hegemonia branca e cis-heterocentrada. As análises desenvolvidas tomam como aporte crítico-teórico os trabalhos de hooks (1995; 2019), Johnson (2005), Kehl (2013), Young (2016), Macharia (2019), De Morais (2020) e Nigro e Soares (2022).
Entre gauchos negros y próceres putos
Authors: Morrison Ryan
Published: December 2022

En 1810: La revolución de mayo vivida por los negros, el afro-argentino Washington Cucurto (Quilmes, 1973-) rinde una radiografía punzante de la sociedad argentina racista y de supremacía blanca. El sardonicismo cucurtiano deconstruye la hipersexualización del cuerpo negro dentro de la epistemología rioplatense. Tal desconstrucción necesariamente conlleva una crítica de la heteronormatividad. Presenciamos estas estrategias de concientización racial y sexual através de una reescritura de la fundación de la nación argentina y sus proceres. Al desacralizar a los próceres y símbolos nacionales, exhibir personajes antipatrióticos y presentar el sexo como aparato de liberación racial, Cucurto expone una lectura de la historia nacional que se caracteriza por y se abre a miradas sumamente más inclusivas y diversas.
RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA E RESULTADOS PRELIMINARES DO ESTUDO PRO-EVA: UMA PROPOSTA PARA O MANEJO DA CADERNETA DE SAÚDE DA PESSOA IDOSA
Authors: Gonçalves Rafaella Silva dos Santos Aguiar , De Andrade Luiz Eduardo Lima , Fernandes Sabrina Gabrielle Gomes , De Albuquerque Isabelle Silva , Guerra Ricardo Oliveira , Maciel Álvaro Campos Cavalcanti
Published: December 2022

Introdução: a Política Nacional de Saúde da Pessoa Idosa estabelece a importância da realização de estratégias voltadas para a saúde, principalmente em relação à preservação da capacidade funcional. No conjunto de iniciativas estabelecidas por essa política, encontra-se a implementação da Caderneta de Saúde da Pessoa Idosa (CSPI). Objetivo: relatar a experiência de implantação e desenvolvimento do estudo “Pro-Eva” e apresentar seus resultados preliminares quanto àaplicação da CSPI. Métodos: o estudo está sendo desenvolvido em cinco Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) em Parnamirim (RN). Foi criada uma versão digital da CSPI, em formato de sistema on-line, com o intuito de inserir as informações coletadas por meio da caderneta, seguindo uma metodologia própria de preenchimento do instrumento. Os critérios de inclusão são: ter pelo menos 60 anos de idade; estar cadastrado em uma das UBS participantes do estudo; aceitar participar da avaliação do estudo em sua totalidade. Resultados: 996 pessoas idosas já participaram do processo de preenchimento da CSPI e tiveram seus dados lançados no sistema de monitoramento on-line. A média de idade da amostra foi de 70,3 (±7,1), sendo a maioria composta por mulheres (61,3%). Aproximadamente metade dos idosos eram pardos (49,5%) e estavam em uma união estável (51,2%). Conclusão: o presente artigo possui pertinência por conduzir um relato de experiência da implementação e do fortalecimento da CSPI, enquanto política de saúde, em um município do Nordeste brasileiro e por ter desenvolvido um fluxograma de preenchimento dacaderneta que poderá ser base para futuros estudos nesta temática.