bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Congenital malformations and preeclampsia associated with integrase inhibitor use in pregnancy: A single-center analysis
Authors: Smith Christiana , Fought Angela J. , Sung Joyce F. , McKinney Jennifer R. , Metz Torri D. , Fetters Kirk B. , Lazarus Sarah , Capraro Shannon , Barr Emily , Glenny Carrie , Buehler Jenna , Weinberg Adriana ,   for the CHIP Perinatal Medical Team
Published: June 2023

Background

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) decreases perinatal HIV transmission, but concerns exist regarding maternal and infant safety. We compared the incidence of congenital malformations and other adverse outcomes in pregnancies exposed to integrase inhibitor (INSTI) versus non-INSTI ART.

Setting

Single-site review of all pregnancies among women living with HIV between 2008 and 2018.

Methods

We used binomial family generalized estimating equations to model the relationship of congenital anomalies and pregnancy outcomes with exposure to INSTI or dolutegravir (DTG) versus non-INSTI ART.

Results

Among 257 pregnancies, 77 women received ≥1 INSTI (54 DTG, 14 elvitegravir, 15 raltegravir), 167 received non-INSTI, and 3 had missing data. Fifty congenital anomalies were identified in 36 infants. Infants with first-trimester DTG or any first-trimester INSTI exposure had higher odds of congenital anomalies than infants with first-trimester non-INSTI exposure (OR = 2.55; 95%CI = 1.07–6.10; OR = 2.61; 95%CI = 1.15–5.94, respectively). Infants with INSTI exposure after the second trimester had no increased odds of anomalies. Women with INSTI exposure had higher odds of preeclampsia (OR = 4.73; 95%CI = 1.70–13.19). Among women who received INSTI, grade ≥3 laboratory abnormalities were noted in 2.6% while receiving the INSTI and 3.9% while not receiving the INSTI, versus 16.2% in women who received non-INSTI. There was no association between INSTI exposure and other pregnancy outcomes.

Conclusion

In our cohort, first-trimester INSTI exposure was associated with increased rates of congenital anomalies and use of INSTI during pregnancy was associated with preeclampsia. These findings underscore the need for continued monitoring of the safety of INSTI in pregnancy.
Understanding the impact of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith) leaf damage on maize yields
Authors: Chisonga Chipo , Chipabika Gilson , Sohati Philemon H. , Harrison Rhett D.
Published: June 2023

Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith), a serious pest of maize and other cereals, recently invaded the Old World potentially threatening the food security and incomes of millions of smallholder farmers. Being able to assess the impacts of a pest on yields is fundamental to developing Integrated Pest Management (IPM) approaches. Hence, working with an early maturing, medium maturing and late maturing variety, we inoculated maize plants with 2nd instar S. frugiperda larvae at V5, V8, V12, VT and R1 growth stages to investigate the effects of FAW induced damage on yield. Different plants were inoculated 0–3 times and larvae were removed after 1 or 2 weeks to generate a wide range of damage profiles. We scored plants for leaf damage at 3, 5 and 7 weeks after emergence (WAE) using the 9 point Davis scale. While at harvest we assessed ear damage (1–9 scale), and recorded plant height and grain yield per plant. We used Structural Equation Models to assess the direct effects of leaf damage on yield and indirect effects via plant height. For the early and medium maturing varieties leaf damage at 3 and 5 WAE, respectively, had significant negative linear effects on grain yield. In the late maturing variety, leaf damage at 7 WAE had an indirect effect on yield through a significant negative linear effect on plant height. However, despite the controlled screenhouse conditions, in all three varieties leaf damage explained less than 3% of the variation in yield at the plant level. Overall, these results indicate that S. frugiperda induced leaf damage has a slight but detectable impact on yield at a specific plant developmental stage, and our models will contribute to the development of decision-support tools for IPM. However, given the low average yields obtained by smallholders in sub-Saharan Africa and the relatively low levels of FAW induced leaf damage recorded in most areas, IPM strategies should focus on interventions aimed at improving plant vigour (e.g. through integrated soil fertility management) and the role of natural enemies, as these are likely to result in greater yield gains at lower cost than a focus on FAW control.
Arabic translation and cultural adaptation of sedentary behavior, dietary habits, and preclinical mobility limitation questionnaires: A cognitive interview study
Authors: Alaqil Abdulrahman I. , Gupta Nidhi , Alothman Shaima A. , Al-Hazzaa Hazzaa M. , Stamatakis Emmanuel , del Pozo Cruz Borja
Published: June 2023

Background

Developing global evidence on the influence of health-related behaviors (e.g., sedentary behavior, diet) and mobility limitations on health requires global consortia from diverse sets of countries. Thus, the purpose was to translate and culturally adapt (i) the Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ); (ii) the Dietary Habits Questionnaire adapted from the Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) study; (iii) the Preclinical Mobility Limitation questionnaire for use in the Saudi Arabian context.

Method

50 adult Saudi participants (mean age 41.7±9.6, 48% female) participated in this study. We followed a systematic cross-cultural adaptation process that involved forward translation, synthesis, back-translation, expert panel, and pre-testing (cognitive interviewing). Four rounds of cognitive interviews were held with 40 participants for the SBQ, SHARE questionnaire, and the Preclinical Mobility Limitation questionnaire, an additional round was needed for the Preclinical Mobility Limitation questionnaire. Descriptive data (means ± standard deviations and frequencies with percentages) were reported for characteristics.

Result

With some minor changes to the questionnaires, the SBQ, Dietary Habits, and Preclinical Mobility Limitation questionnaires were translated and cross-culturally adapted into Arabic. 100% of the participants confirmed that the resulting Arabic versions of the SBQ, Dietary Habits questionnaire, and Preclinical Mobility Limitation questionnaires were appropriate and fully understandable for Arabic speakers in communicating the intended meanings of the items in each. For example, item SBQ1, ‘Watching television (including videos on VCR/DVD)’ was changed to ‘Sitting and watching television or videos (including smartphones, tablets)’.

Conclusion

The SBQ, Dietary Habits questionnaire, and Preclinical Mobility Limitation questionnaire were successfully cross-culturally adapted into Arabic and are now ready for use in Saudi Arabian.
News media brands’ value within polarized media markets: Perceived quality vs. political congruence
Authors: Victoria-Mas María , Lacasa-Mas Ivan , Fernández-Planells Ariadna , Justel-Vázquez Santiago
Published: June 2023

This study measures the consumer-based brand equity (CBBE) of news firms in Catalonia (Spain). The aim is to determine the dimensions of news media brands that are most important to their audiences. We surveyed more than 15,000 readers of two legacy and three native online brands. We conducted an array of exploratory factor analyses (EFAs) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) to identify the dimensions with more impact on CBBE. Since empirical research on news firms’ CBBE is scarce and focuses on legacy news media, our project provides an updated and more comprehensive scale that measures both legacy and native brands. Moreover, the study finds that in a polarized media market, the journalistic quality perceived by the audience has the strongest impact on CBBE. However, most consumers also prefer news firms that they perceive as politically congruent with their opinions. Theoretical and managerial implications of these findings are discussed.
Information on refugees in the European Parliament’s virtual press room: A critical analysis
Authors: Labio-Bernal Aurora , Taboada-Castell Claudia
Published: June 2023

This research offers a critical perspective on the news coverage by the European Parliament’s virtual press room (VPR) of the refugee issue during the European migrant crisis, from 2015 to 2017. Recent social media research has focused on systematizing a theoretical approach to VPRs, but there is a remarkable lack of critical approaches that link news production to the institutional ideologies operating in the news industry. A content analysis is conducted on the characteristics and tone of news articles published by the VPR, followed by a comparison with the European Union’s regulatory framework and actual response to the issue. The research reveals a positive treatment in news coverage of the refugee issue, which suggests an imbalance between the European Union’s institutional news policy on refugees and the weak and fractured response of European organizations when taking action on the issue.
Film festivals in times of COVID-19: Online vs. live events – The case of Alicante region
Authors: Jurado-Martin Montserrat
Published: June 2023

COVID-19 caused many cultural events to change, also encouraged by the demand of an audience that would otherwise no longer have had access to culture. Among the diverse types of film festivals, it was the festival-driven form that appeared most vulnerable in pandemic times. Consequently, many of them faced important challenges to try to maintain their status and continuity. From personal interviews to directors or coordinators of film festivals in the Alicante region (Spain) this viewpoint aims at knowing how they managed their events in 2020 to use this experience for the future.
Amongst the bramble and the bones: An interview with T. C. Eglington and Simon Davis
Authors: Rose James
Published: June 2023

An interview with the writer T. C. Eglington and artist Simon Davis about their horror comic Thistlebone. Serialized in the British comic 2000AD from June to August 2019, the interview takes folk horror as its focus to explore the symbolic nature of the comic’s imagery, the importance of the British landscape to the narrative, alongside the subtle psychogeographic dimensions of this landscape that the myth of Thistlebone generates.
Undkomic #2
Authors: Nyyssönen Miika
Published: June 2023

In my black-and-white comic Undkomic 2, I combine the abstract elements of my art, different genres and ways of doing things. The transformation and repetition of the elements bring to the comic an atmosphere where the pictorial continuums intersect with each other. The division of traditional comics into squares is included in my comic as a background element and as an object of composition.
‘I wanted to bring readers outside of the English experience’: An interview with Harmony Becker
Authors: DeHart Jason D.
Published: June 2023

Harmony Becker is a cartoonist and illustrator. She illustrated George Takei’s graphic novel They Called Us Enemy (Top Shelf, 2019), which won an Eisner Award in 2020. Her first solo graphic novel, Himawari House, was published in 2021 by First Second and received the Kirkus Prize in 2022. Becker is also the creator of the comics Love Potion and Anemone and Catharus. According to Top Shelf, she has spent time living in South Korea and Japan. This interview took place by Zoom in July 2022.
‘I don’t see any limitations when it comes to comics’: An interview with Simon Lamouret
Authors: Sarkar Ritam , Bhattacharya Somdatta
Published: June 2023

In this interview, Ritam Sarkar and Somdatta Bhattacharya talk to the French comics artist Simon Lamouret, to discuss his comics The Alcazar. Lamouret is a graphic novelist and illustrator based out of Toulouse, France. He has produced two graphic novels: Bangalore (part of the Angouleme International Comics Festival selection) and L’Alcazar (Winner of the debut award ADAGP/Quai des Bulles, France, 2021). L’Alcazar was published in India in 2022 as The Alcazar. In this conversation, Lamouret talks about his creative process, his experiences of living in Bangalore and the relationship comics share with cities. The interview was conducted on 3 July 2022 via Microsoft Teams. It has been edited for length and clarity.
Cuteness and everyday humour in Nathan W. Pyle’s Strange Planet
Authors: Schneider Greice , Teixeira João Senna
Published: June 2023

This article analyses the elements that contribute to the specific kind of humour central to the comic strip series Strange Planet, one that combines humorous components with everyday situations. We will examine the main strategies behind the comic disjunction that dominates the work of Nathan W. Pyle. On the one hand, the graphic representation of cuteness enhances the candid banality of its everyday themes. On the other hand, the verbal discourse approaches the everyday with cold neutrality of the enunciations, provoking an ironic effect. In order to understand how these concepts apply to narrative in comics the article employs theories of humour and academic work on cuteness. The article also looks at how the strip optimizes its distribution through the internet.
A Oficina de Gil Vicente
Authors: Bernardes José Augusto Cardoso
Published: June 2023

Permanecendo ao serviço da corte régia durante 35 anos, Gil Vicente escreveu e encenou cerca de meia centena de peças, abrangendo os diferentes géneros do teatro europeu de finais da Idade Média. Apesar da diversidade que caracteriza a sua obra do ponto de vista temático e formal, nela sobressaem linhas de coerência que permitem estabelecer importantes ligações entre os autos. Assim sucede desde a Visitação e o Auto Pastoril Castelhano (ambos representados em 1502) até Floresta de Enganos representada em 1536, que constitui o epílogo de uma criação invulgarmente extensa, regular e continuada. Ao longo dos diferentes ensaios que compõem o presente volume, procura demonstrar-se a unidade e a singularidade de uma obra que, por motivos vários, não mais se repetiu na história da cultura portuguesa e peninsular.
Six-Food Elimination Diet Is Less Effective During Pollen Season in Adults With Eosinophilic Esophagitis Sensitized to Pollens
Authors: Visaggi Pierfrancesco , Savarino Edoardo , Del Corso Giulio , Hunter Hannah , Baiano Svizzero Federica , Till Stephen J. , Dunn Jason , Wong Terry , de Bortoli Nicola , Zeki Sebastian
Published: June 2023

INTRODUCTION:

The role of inhaled and swallowed aeroallergens in treatment outcomes of adult patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is unclear. We hypothesized that the pollen season contributes to the failure of the 6-food elimination diet (SFED) in EoE.

METHODS:

We compared outcomes of patients with EoE who underwent SFED during vs outside of the pollen season. Consecutive adult patients with EoE who underwent SFED and skin prick test (SPT) for birch and grass pollen were included. Individual pollen sensitization and pollen count data were analyzed to define whether each patient had been assessed during or outside of the pollen season after SFED. All patients had active EoE (≥15 eosinophils/high-power field) before SFED and adhered to the diet under the supervision of a dietitian.

RESULTS:

Fifty-eight patients were included, 62.0% had positive SPT for birch and/or grass, whereas 37.9% had negative SPT. Overall, SFED response was 56.9% (95% confidence interval, 44.1%–68.8%). When stratifying response according to whether the assessment had been performed during or outside of the pollen season, patients sensitized to pollens showed significantly lower response to SFED during compared with outside of the pollen season (21.4% vs 77.3%;P= 0.003). In addition, during the pollen season, patients with pollen sensitization had significantly lower response to SFED compared with those without sensitization (21.4% vs 77.8%;P= 0.01).

DISCUSSION:

Pollens may have a role in sustaining esophageal eosinophilia in sensitized adults with EoE despite avoidance of trigger foods. The SPT for pollens may identify patients less likely to respond to the diet during the pollen season.
Poliprotect vs Omeprazole in the Relief of Heartburn, Epigastric Pain, and Burning in Patients Without Erosive Esophagitis and Gastroduodenal Lesions: A Randomized, Controlled Trial
Authors: Corazziari Enrico Stefano , Gasbarrini Antonio , D'Alba Lucia , D'Ovidio Valeria , Riggio Oliviero , Passaretti Sandro , Annibale Bruno , Cicala Michele , Repici Alessandro , Bassotti Gabrio , Ciacci Carolina , Di Sabatino Antonio , Neri Matteo , Bragazzi Maria Consiglia , Ribichini Emanuela , Radocchia Giulia , Iovino Paola , Marazzato Massimiliano , Schippa Serena , Badiali Danilo
Published: June 2023

INTRODUCTION:

In the treatment of upper GI endoscopy-negative patients with heartburn and epigastric pain or burning, antacids, antireflux agents, and mucosal protective agents are widely used, alone or as add-on treatment, to increase response to proton-pump inhibitors, which are not indicated in infancy and pregnancy and account for significant cost expenditure.

METHODS:

In this randomized, controlled, double-blind, double-dummy, multicenter trial assessing the efficacy and safety of mucosal protective agent Poliprotect (neoBianacid, Sansepolcro, Italy) vs omeprazole in the relief of heartburn and epigastric pain/burning, 275 endoscopy-negative outpatients were given a 4-week treatment with omeprazole (20 mg q.d.) or Poliprotect (5 times a day for the initial 2 weeks and on demand thereafter), followed by an open-label 4-week treatment period with Poliprotect on-demand. Gut microbiota change was assessed.

RESULTS:

A 2-week treatment with Poliprotect proved noninferior to omeprazole for symptom relief (between-group difference in the change in visual analog scale symptom score: [mean, 95% confidence interval] −5.4, −9.9 to −0.1; −6.2, −10.8 to −1.6; intention-to-treat and per-protocol populations, respectively). Poliprotect's benefit remained unaltered after shifting to on-demand intake, with no gut microbiota variation. The initial benefit of omeprazole was maintained against significantly higher use of rescue medicine sachets (mean, 95% confidence interval: Poliprotect 3.9, 2.8–5.0; omeprazole 8.2, 4.8–11.6) and associated with an increased abundance of oral cavity genera in the intestinal microbiota. No relevant adverse events were reported in either treatment arm.

DISCUSSION:

Poliprotect proved noninferior to standard-dose omeprazole in symptomatic patients with heartburn/epigastric burning without erosive esophagitis and gastroduodenal lesions. Gut microbiota was not affected by Poliprotect treatment. The study is registered in Clinicaltrial.gov (NCT03238534) and the EudraCT database (2015-005216-15).
Predicting the chemotherapeutic response of colorectal cancer liver metastasis using shear-wave elastography
Authors: Bae Jae Seok , Lee Jae Young , Lee Dong Ho , Han Sae-Won , Lim Yoojoo , Kim Tae-You
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the role of the shear-wave velocity (SWV) value in predicting chemotherapeutic response and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM).Methods: In this prospective single-center study, participants with CRLM scheduled for chemotherapy were enrolled between May 2018 and June 2021. SWV measurements were obtained using shear-wave elastography at the CRLM site before and after initiating chemotherapy. Based on the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, the participants were categorized by chemotherapeutic response into responders (complete remission and partial remission) and non-responders (stable disease and progressive disease). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to evaluate the performance of changes in SWV measurements in predicting the chemotherapeutic response of CRLM. In addition, a Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify variables associated with PFS.Results: In total, 67 participants (40 men; mean age, 62.3±10.1 years) were enrolled, including 34 responders and 33 non-responders. The area under the ROC curve, sensitivity, and negative predictive value of the SWV measurement in predicting non-responders were 0.840, 97.0%, and 95.2%, respectively, using a cutoff value of a 13% decrease. Additionally, a change in SWV values was independently associated with PFS (hazard ratio, 1.020), non-responder status, and the presence of five or more CRLMs.Conclusion: A change in SWV values measured after chemotherapy demonstrated meaningful diagnostic performance in predicting non-responsiveness among patients with CRLM. Additionally, a change in SWV values was independently associated with PFS.
Surface deformation and damage of 2022 (M6.8) Luding earthquake in China and its tectonic implications
Authors: Chen Baixu , Yu Zhongyuan , Li Luwei , Zheng Rongying , Wu Chuanyong
Published: June 2023

The 2022 (M6.8) Luding earthquake on the Xianshuihe Fault Zone (XFZ) caused severe casualties and property losses, and surface deformation and damage of which is crucial for studying the earthquake hazard assessment. However, few intensive scientific understanding has obtained to date because of widespread coronavirus transmission, strong vegetation coverage, and post-earthquake paralyzed traffic. By integrating high-resolution satellite images, large-scale geomorphic mapping, and UAV surveys, we constrain coseismic fractures and ruptures along an NW-SE-trending surface deformation zone, with discontinuous geomorphic scarps,en echeloncracks, and bulges concentrated in the areas of Yanzigou, Moxi, Menghugang, and Xingfu villages near the epicenter. Field observation also shows that the zone extends nearly parallel to the pre-existing XFZ with a length of ∼35 km with variable widths and a maximum vertical displacement of ∼100 ± 10 cm. The earthquake-induced surface coseismic effects, such as landslides, rock falls, and collapses, caused damage to the area. The amplification effect of the topography and the improper aseismic design and poor constructions may be responsible for the spatial distribution of MM Intensity IX, which is larger than other previous earthquakes that occurred in the surrounding area with a similar tectonic setting.
“Waiter, there’s a fly in my soup!”: tipping behavior in restaurants as a function of food servers’ humor, opinion conformity, and other-enhancement
Authors: Seiter John S. , Weger Harry
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this field experiment was to examine whether food servers who used other-enhancement, opinion conformity, or humor would be rewarded with higher tips from restaurant customers than food servers who did not use such ingratiation tactics. Consistent with predictions, humor and simple opinion conformity resulted in significantly higher tip percentages compared to the control condition. In contrast, other-enhancement (i.e., compliments) and exaggerated opinion conformity did not. Humor also resulted in higher tips than all other tactics, except simple opinion conformity. These results and their implications are discussed.
International study on the prevalence of malnutrition in centralized care for colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Meissner Carl , Tiegges Svenja , Broehl Martin , Otto Ronny , Ridwelski Karsten
Published: June 2023

Objectives

Patients with different diseases may show signs of malnutrition both before and during the hospital stay. The presence of malnutrition may impact the recovery and length of stay and consequently the costs. Early identification of malnutrition is thus a critical factor. The objective of this multicenter study is to determine the prevalence of malnutrition in colorectal cancer centers. Another objective is to investigate possible consequences, such as complications or length of stay. In addition, the study aims to demonstrate the relevance of nutrition management in colorectal cancer centers. At the same time, relevant requirements clearly demanded by the Certification Commission for Certified Colorectal Cancer Centers are met through implementation of the study.

Methods

Between 2019 and 2021, patients in colorectal cancer centers were examined in the preoperative phase. In addition to questions about patients’ state of health and nutrition, the validated screening forms—Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) and Nutritional Risk Screening Tool 2002 (NRS 2002)—were used to assess malnutrition. The data were processed by univariate analysis.

Results

In total, data records of 3,102 patients were evaluated. The mean age of the participants was 68.5 ± 11.9 years, and their average body mass index (BMI) was 26.8 ± 5.3 kg/m2. The SGA questionnaire indicated that 23 % of the participants suffered from malnutrition and 38 % were at risk of malnutrition (NRS≥3). Malnutrition was found more frequently in patients with colorectal carcinomas than in patients with rectal carcinomas (53.1 vs. 32.1 %). The length of stay in hospital and the rate of complications were significantly higher when malnutrition was identified.

Conclusions

Approximately one in three to four patients with a colorectal carcinoma has an increased risk of malnutrition. The two screening methods calculated a different prevalence (23 and 38 %). Any malnutrition that is present demonstrably has a significant impact both on the rate of complications and the length of stay and may therefore have a decisive influence on the costs. The results of this multicenter study underscore the need for systematic screening for malnutrition and at the same time should increase clinics awareness of the importance of establishing a nutrition management policy.
A symmetry-protected exceptional ring in a photonic crystal with negative index media
Authors: Isobe Takuma , Yoshida Tsuneya , Hatsugai Yasuhiro
Published: June 2023

Non-Hermitian topological band structures such as symmetry-protected exceptional rings (SPERs) can emerge for systems described by the generalized eigenvalue problem (GEVP) with Hermitian matrices. In this paper, we numerically analyze a photonic crystal with negative index media, which is described by the GEVP with Hermitian matrices. Our analysis using COMSOL Multiphysics® demonstrates that a SPER emerges for photonic crystals composed of split-ring resonators and metal-wire structures. We expect that the above SPER can be observed in experiments as it emerges at a finite frequency.
Molecular and solid-state topological polaritons induced by population imbalance
Authors: Pannir-Sivajothi Sindhana , Stern Nathaniel P. , Yuen-Zhou Joel
Published: June 2023

Strong coupling between electronic excitations in materials and photon modes results in the formation of polaritons, which display larger nonlinearities than their photonic counterparts due to their material component. We theoretically investigate how to optically control the topological properties of molecular and solid-state exciton–polariton systems by exploiting one such nonlinearity: saturation of electronic transitions. We demonstrate modification of the Berry curvature of three different materials when placed within a Fabry–Perot cavity and pumped with circularly polarized light, illustrating the broad applicability of our scheme. Importantly, while optical pumping leads to nonzero Chern invariants, unidirectional edge states do not emerge in our system as the bulk-boundary correspondence is not applicable. This work demonstrates a versatile approach to control topological properties of novel optoelectronic materials.
Scalable high Q-factor Fano resonance from air-mode photonic crystal nanobeam cavity
Authors: Sun Fujun , Li Zhihua , Tang Bo , Li Bin , Zhang Peng , Liu Ruonan , Yang Gang , Huang Kai , Han Zhe , Luo Jun , Wang Wenwu , Yang Yan
Published: June 2023

Fano resonance from photonic crystal nanobeam cavity (PCNC) is important building block for large-scale photonic integrated circuits (PICs) to enable photonic switches and sensors with superior characteristics. Nevertheless, most state-of-the-art demonstrations rely on electron beam lithography (EBL) and operate in dielectric mode. Hence, we theoretically, numerically and experimentally present the characteristics of Fano resonance from optical interference between the discrete state of air-mode PCNC and the continuum mode of side-coupled line-defect waveguide with partially transmitting element (PTE) using deep ultraviolet (DUV) lithography for the first time. Experimentally high average Q-factor of ∼1.58 × 104 is achieved for 30 measured devices, which indicates the feasibility of mass manufacture of high-Q Fano resonance from air-mode PTE-PCNC. Additionally, the thermo-optic bi-stability and thermal tuning characterizations of the proposed device are discussed. This work will contribute to building ultra-compact lab-on-chip resonance-based photonic components.
Nanoparticles for the potential treatment of Alzheimer’s disease: A physiopathological approach
Authors: Navarro Martínez Nicolás , Toledo Hernández Jorge , Morales Javier O.
Published: June 2023

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative central system disease with a high prevalence among the elderly and is the most common form of dementia. Oxidative stress is crucial on AD pathogenesis and leads to deposition of neurofibrillary tangles and Aβ plaques; therefore, the use of natural antioxidants or ROS scavengers could help avoid the formation of these aggregates. Similarly, Aβ-degrading/anti-aggregating molecules could help arrest AD progression. Otherwise, traditional anti-Alzheimer drugs such as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors help improve memory and attention deficits. Nevertheless, all these drugs are extensively metabolized, have low plasma concentration, and cannot cross the blood–brain barrier freely. This review discusses different strategies for nanocarrier conjugation of these drugs for brain targeting and delivery, and new approaches on AD treatment according to the most accepted hypotheses of AD pathogenesis. Although none of the existent compounds or drugs can completely arrest the disease’s progression, nanocarrier development of anti-Alzheimer drugs could help delaying the initial or late stages of neurodegeneration. The discovery of new and more complex nanosystems with multiple approaches in AD treatment is needed and will be the next step in AD treatment in the near future.
Investigation of different nanoparticles properties on the thermal conductivity and viscosity of nanofluids by molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Zhang Ruihao , Qing Shan , Zhang Xiaohui , Luo Zhumei , Liu Yiqing
Published: June 2023

The mechanisms of thermal conductivity enhancement and the factors influencing viscosity are of great interest in the study of nanofluids, while molecular dynamics (MD) simulations considering nanofluids provide more accurate predictions of microscopic properties than conventional experimental studies. MD simulations of non-equilibrium molecular dynamics and reversing perturbation non-equilibrium molecular dynamics methods were used to study thermal conductivity and viscosity, taking into account a variety of influencing factors, as well as nanoparticle material and volume fraction. Through the analysis of the number density distribution, radial distribution function (RDF), and mean square displacement (MSD), the influences of different nanoparticles (Ag, Cu, Au, and Fe) were described and investigated: Ag particles contribute to 47.0% increase in thermal conductivity of 2.5 vol% nanofluids; Au particles improved the viscosity of 2.5 vol% nanofluids by 20.2%; the number density distribution showed positive linear relationship with the atomic mass; the results of MSD and RDF (mean square displacement and radial distribution function) in combination indicated a positive effect of interfacial nanolayer. The results of this research provide important perspectives for comprehending the impacts of multiple nanoparticles on the micro-thermal properties of nanofluids and also highlight the simulation potential of Au–Ar nanofluids.
Consensus and Ideology in Courts: An Application to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council
Authors: Amaral-Garcia Sofia , dalla Pellegrina Lucia , Garoupa Nuno
Published: June 2023

This article supports the view that, while judges suppress dissent when dissenting is too costly, the cost of dissenting depends on the political dimension of the issue broached. It contends that judges who disagree may nevertheless try to safeguard integrity and legitimacy in political disputes by presenting a public impression of unity. We muster evidence from the United Kingdom, specifically, votes from the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (JCPC) between 1998 and 2011. We demonstrate through statistical analysis that judges are likelier to suppress dissent in devolution cases, which are characterized to be more political in character, than in Commonwealth appeals, which are more mundane in nature. We find that, while consensus on domestic issues reflects the absence of disagreement across judicial ideologies, judges have stronger conflicting positions on issues concerning devolution, but tend to suppress their propensity to dissent. This finding confirms that the JCPC wants to appear cohesive to give an image of greater authority on decisions of predominantly political content.
Die
Gesetze der Form
aus der Sicht kategorientheoretischer Methoden
Authors: Tydecks Walter
Published: June 2023

In der Mathematik hat sich seit dem 19. Jahrhundert eine graphische Wende vollzogen. Mit der Kategorientheorie werden statt Zahlen ihre Beziehungen zueinander zum Gegenstand der Wissenschaft. Sie werden mit Pfeilen dargestellt. Das wird auf den Formkalkül von Spencer-Brown übertragen: (i) Ablösung der Markierung  durch den Pfeil → und seiner Verlaufsformen. (ii) Ablösung des Re-entry-Zeichens durch kommutative Diagramme der Kategorientheorie und ihrer Bewegungsrichtungen. (iii) Einbeziehung der Dynamik von Beobachtern und ihrer Sichtweisen in ein erweitertes, dreistufiges Geschehen.
Mann-Dotson's algorithm for a countable family of non-self Lipschitz mappings in hyperbolic metric space
Authors: Patel Prashant , Shukla Rahul
Published: June 2023

The aim of this article is to present some

Δ

\Delta

-convergence and strong convergence results for a countable family of non-self mappings. More precisely, we employ Mann-Dotson’s algorithm to approximate, common fixed points of a countable family of non-self

L

n

{L}_{n}

-Lipschitz mappings in hyperbolic metric spaces.
Temperature and pressure effects on the response behavior of anemometers
Authors: Roß Alina , Balaresque Nicholas , Fischer Andreas
Published: June 2023

Cup anemometers are within the most used wind speed sensors for the wind energy industry. Wind tunnel calibrations under controlled conditions are required, but during operation uncontrolled environmental conditions occur. This is accounted for in the IEC 61400-50-1:2022 international wind measurements standard, which specifies sensor classification based on their response to external conditions, due to the influence parameters turbulence, air temperature, density, and upflow angle. Temperature and density effects are not covered appropriately in the IEC 61400-50-1:2022, since it assumes that air temperature only influences the bearing friction of a cup anemometer. No guidance is provided on evaluating variations in density, which depends on temperature and pressure. To investigate this, two cup anemometers are measured in Deutsche WindGuard’s Climatic Wind Tunnel, where density is changed by varying pressure and temperature independently. The results show that the sensor’s response to temperature can have other effects than an increase in ball bearing friction. Using pressure or temperature to modify density can even cause opposing results. Hence, varying temperatures and pressures independently is crucial to characterize a sensor’s response. The results correspond to cup anemometers, but the methodology is applicable on all sensors.
SRSF3 shapes the structure of miR‐17‐92 cluster RNA and promotes selective processing of miR‐17 and miR‐20a
Authors: Ratnadiwakara Madara , Bahrudeen Mohamed NM , Aikio Erika , Takabe Piia , Engel Rebekah M , Zahir Zileena , Jardé Thierry , McMurrick Paul J , Abud Helen E , Änkö Minna‐Liisa
Published: June 2023

MicroRNA (miRNA) biogenesis is tightly regulated to maintain distinct miRNA expression patterns. Almost half of mammalian miRNAs are generated from miRNA clusters, but this process is not well understood. We show here that Serine‐arginine rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3) controls the processing of miR‐17‐92 cluster miRNAs in pluripotent and cancer cells. SRSF3 binding to multiple CNNC motifs downstream of Drosha cleavage sites within miR‐17‐92 is required for the efficient processing of the cluster. SRSF3 depletion specifically compromises the processing of two paralog miRNAs, miR‐17 and miR‐20a. In addition to SRSF3 binding to the CNNC sites, the SRSF3 RS‐domain is essential for miR‐17‐92 processing. SHAPE‐MaP probing demonstrates that SRSF3 binding disrupts local and distant base pairing, resulting in global changes in miR‐17‐92 RNA structure. Our data suggest a model where SRSF3 binding, and potentially its RS‐domain interactions, may facilitate an RNA structure that promotes miR‐17‐92 processing. SRSF3‐mediated increase in miR‐17/20a levels inhibits the cell cycle inhibitor p21, promoting self‐renewal in normal and cancer cells. The SRSF3‐miR‐17‐92‐p21 pathway operates in colorectal cancer, linking SRSF3‐mediated pri‐miRNA processing and cancer pathogenesis.
Nedostatak radnika u Hrvatskoj
Authors: Bakotić Danica , Veber Natali
Published: June 2023

Cilj ovoga rada je analizirati aktivnosti poduzeća iz djelatnosti trgovine usmjerene na umanjenje problema nedostatka radnika na hrvatskom tržištu rada. Rad istražuje veze između nedostatka radnika, nekvalificiranih, niskokvalificiranih i visokokvalificiranih, i različitih aktivnosti koje poduzeća mogu poduzimati radi smanjenja ovoga problema. Empirijsko istraživanje provedeno je putem samostalno kreiranog upitnika, na uzorku od trideset velikih hrvatskih poduzeća iz djelatnosti trgovine. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da su aktivnosti poduzeća u domeni rješavanja problema nedostatka radnika izrazito skromne. Od niza analiziranih aktivnosti, koje mogu pomoći smanjenju problema nedostatka radnika, rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da jedino poduzeća iz djelatnosti trgovine poduzimaju stipendiranje studenata; i u slučaju žena, podjelu radnog mjesta. Rezultati ovoga rada pridonose razumijevanju situacije na tržištu rada u Republici Hrvatskoj što se tiče nedostatka radnika. Koliko je poznato, ovo je prvo ovakvo istraživanje u Hrvatskoj te stoga može biti određeno polazište za daljnja istraživanja ove aktualne problematike. Zbog ograničenja rada koji se odnose na mali uzorak, usmjerenost na poduzeća samo iz djelatnosti trgovine, samostalno kreirani anketni upitnik koji može imati određene manjkavosti i obradu prikupljenih podataka samo korelacijskom analizom, dobivene rezultate potrebno je razmatrati u skladu s tim.
Kelayakan Produk Lenan Rumah Tangga dari Limbah Tekstil dengan Teknik Paquiw
Authors: Arsetyaji Siswanti Ade , Widowati Widowati , Mandasari Agistiana
Published: June 2023

Kelayakan diartikan sebagai kepantasan atau kepatutan, kelayakan produk lenan rumah tangga dari limbah tekstil dengan teknik paquiw diuji kelayakan oleh validator produk untuk mengetahui bagaimana tingkat kelayakan terhadap produk tersebut. Kelayakan produk dapat dilihat dari mutu barang atau produk dengan menggunakan bahan baku yang ada di kampus unnes khususnya jurusan Tata Busana yang ada sekitar 30% sisa limbah tekstil yang tidak digunakan.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kelayakan hasil dari produk lenan rumah tangga yang berupa sarung bantal dan taplak meja dari limbah tekstil dengan mengaplikasikan berbagai macam teknik paquiw yang di tinjau dari aspek estetika maupun ekonomi dengan menggunakan teori tentang kelayakan yang berupa desain, bahan baku, cara pembuatan, merek, kemasan, dan harga. Obyek pada penelitian ini menggunakan sampling insidental  yang artinya teknik penentuan sampel yang berdasarkan kebetulan, yaitu siapa saja yang secara kebetulan/insidental bertemu dengan peneliti dapat digunakan sebagai sampel.

Uji kelayakan dengan melibatkan 1 validator produk dan 2 panelis ahli dilakukan untuk mengetahui kualitas kelayakan apakah layak atau tidak untuk digunakan dan sebelum angket disebar kepada para responden. Untuk soal kelayakan apakah valid atau tidak itu dilakukan dengan melibatkan 20 responden ujicoba tidak terlatih untuk mengetahui lebih dalam tingkat dari soal dan produk tersebut. Angket uji kelayakan dilakukan oleh 30 responden untuk mengetahui tingkat kelayakan tertentu. Data hasil uji kelayakan dianalisis dengan menggunakan rumus korelasi product moment dilanjutkan dengan data distribusi frekuensi. Hasil uji kelayakan menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang nyata pada produk lenan rumah tangga dari aspek desain, bahan baku, cara pembuatan, merek, dan harga namun tidak dengan kemasan. Tingkat kelayakan paling tinggi didapatkan oleh aspek desain, bahan baku, dan cara pembuatan. Hasil dari uji kelayakan menunjukkan bahwa hasil dari panelis 91,11% sangat layak, Ujicoba 100% valid, dan Responden 94,22% sangat layak
Agresi Militer Belanda I Dalam Perspektif Sejarah Lokal Untuk Pembelajaran Sejarah di SMA
Authors: Dumadi Slamet , Romadi Romadi
Published: June 2023

Pembelajaran sejarah akan menarik perhatian peserta didik manakala dapat memberikan keberartian terhadap topik yang sedang dibahas. Salah satu strategi yang dapat dilakukan oleh guru adalah dengan mengaitkan dan ”membidik” materi dari sisi sejarah lokal atau kedaerahan. Peristiwa-peristiwa yang jauh dalam pemahaman peserta didik didekatkan oleh guru dengan tinggalan yang terdapat di daerah sekitar. Materi sejarah tentang Mempertahankan Kemerdekaan dan Agresi Militer Belanda di kelas XI semester 1 dapat diupayakan oleh guru dengan tinjauan Sejarah Lokal. Langkah yang dapat dilakukan oleh seorang guru agar dapat melakukan ini adalah memperbanyak literasi dengan membaca dan menggali informasi dari orang-orang di lingkungan sekitar, karena dimungkinkan peristiwa-peristiwa itu belum tertulis pada buku-buku paket. Dengan strategi ini peserta didik akan merasakan keberartian dan sekaligus memberikan kebanggaan terhadap daerahnya.

Kata Kunci: mempertahankan kemerdekaan, agresi militer, sejarah lokal

The teaching of history will capture the attention of students when it can provide significance to the topics being discussed. One strategy that teachers can employ is by connecting and “targeting” the material from a local or regional historical perspective. Distant events that may be difficult for students to grasp are brought closer by the teacher through artifacts found in the surrounding area. The history curriculum on the Defense of Independence and Dutch Military Aggression in the first semester of eleventh grade can be approached by teachers with a focus on Local History. To accomplish this, a teacher can increase literacy by reading and gathering information from individuals in the local community, as it is possible that these events have not been documented in textbooks. Through this strategy, students will experience the significance of the subject matter and simultaneously develop pride in their region.

Keywords: defense of independence, military aggression, local history
Modulus of elasticity and hardness of compression and opposite wood cell walls of Masson pine
Authors: Huang Yanhui , Fei Benhua , Yu Yan , Wang Siqun , Shi Zengqian , Zhao Rongjun
Published: June 2023

Compression wood is commonly found in Masson pine. To evaluate the mechanical properties of the cell wall of Masson pine compression and opposite wood, nanoindentation was used. The results showed that the average values of hardness and cell wall modulus of elasticity of opposite wood were slightly higher than those of compression wood. With increasing age of the annual ring, the modulus of elasticity showed a negative correlation with microfibril angle, but a weak correlation was observed for hardness. In opposite and compression wood from the same annual ring, the differences in average values of modulus of elasticity and hardness were small. These slight differences were explained by the change of microfibril angle (MFA), the press-in mode of nanoindentation, and the special structure of compression wood. The mechanical properties were almost the same for early, transition, and late wood in a mature annual ring of opposite wood. It can therefore be inferred that the average modulus of elasticity (MOE) and hardness of the cell walls in a mature annual ring were not being affected by cell wall thickness.
Aspects on bleaching and tempo-mediated oxidation of wheat straw pulp fractions
Authors: Heijnesson Hultén Anette , Basta Jiri , Samuelsson Marie , Greschik Thomas , Ander Paul , Daniel Geoffrey
Published: June 2023

This study outlines research concerning wheat straw fines, including their impact on pulp bleachability, their modification by chemical means, and their use as a dry strength enhancer in a paper application. Results show that primary fines constituting about 23% of the whole wheat straw pulp had a large negative impact on pulp bleachability. The differences in response to bleaching were due to the different properties of the fines, i.e. higher kappa number, higher metal ion content, lower brightness, and lower viscosity compared to that of fibers. It was also shown that the fines fraction is more difficult to oxidize and does not reach as high fiber charge levels as that of the other fractions. However, at a dosage of ≥ 3 mmol hypochlorite/g it was possible to prepare nanofibers from wheat straw fines that showed a good strength-enhancing effect in a paper product. The fact that removal of fines from wheat straw pulps by fractionation improves bleachability and also drainage properties at the same time, while simultaneously the fines can be modified and used as a strength enhancer, is very interesting when evaluating the potential of this type of annual plant as a source for production of different paper products.
Tool materials: from the natural stone to the artificial diamonds
Authors:   V. Bakul Institute for Superhard materials of NAS of Ukraine, Lavrinenko V.I.
Published: June 2023

The evolution of the tool materials from natural stone up to steel products, hard alloys, ceramics, superhard polycrystalline and crystalline materials is described. The necessity of transition to the new type of tool materials is shown. An idea of the effective processes of their processing with abrasive tools made of superhard materials is shown through the development results of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The book is intended for pupils, students, engineering and technical workers who are interested in the correct and effective use of tool materials for processing various products in everyday life and industrial conditions.