bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discovery of the Aminated Quinoxalines as Potential Active Molecules
Authors: Bener Sedef , Bayrak Nilüfer , Mataracı-Kara Emel , Yıldız Mahmut , Sever Belgin , Çiftçi Halilibrahim , Tuyun Amaç Fatih
Published: January 2024

Background:

In recent years, as the biological activity of the quinoxaline skeleton has
been revealed in numerous studies, interest in synthesizing new prototype molecules for the treatment
of many chronic diseases, especially cancer, has increased.

Methods:

The desired alkoxy substituted aminoquinoxalines (AQNX1-9) were synthesized by the
reaction of QNX and alkoxy substituted aryl amines such as 2-methoxyaniline, 4-methoxyaniline, 2-
ethoxyaniline, 3-ethoxyaniline, 4-ethoxyaniline, 4-butoxyaniline, 2,4-dimethoxyaniline, 3,4-
dimethoxyaniline, and 3,5-dimethoxyaniline according to the previously published procedure. QNX
was aminated in DMSO at 130°C. We synthesized various alkoxy-substituted aminoquinoxaline
compounds (AQNX1-9) and evaluated their anticancer and antimicrobial activities in order to expand
the search to related structures. In particular, two aminoquinoxaline (AQNX5 and AQNX6)
compounds, coded as NSC D-835971/1 and NSC D-835972/1 by the National Cancer Institute in the
USA, were screened for anticancer screening at a dose of 10-5 M on a full panel of 60 human cell
lines obtained from nine human cancer cell types (leukemia, melanoma, non-small cell lung, colon,
central (nervous system, ovarian, kidney, prostate, and breast cancer).

Results:

Further in silico studies were also conducted for the compound AQNX5 (NSC D-
835971/1), which was found to be the most active antiproliferative agent, especially against leukemia
cell lines. Molecular docking studies showed that AQNX5 interacted with Glu286 and Lys271
through hydrogen bonding and π-stacking interaction in the ATP binding region of Abl kinase,
which is indicated as a potential target of leukemia. Besides, AQNX5 occupied the minor groove of
the double helix of DNA via π-stacking interaction with DG-6.

Conclusion:

According to in silico pharmacokinetic determination, AQNX5 was endowed with
drug-like properties as a potential anticancer drug candidate for future experiments. In the light of
these findings, more research will focus on aminated quinoxalines' ability to precisely target leukemia
cancer cell lines.
Metal-organic Frameworks: Emerging Luminescent Sensors
Authors: Sahu Meman , Sharma Vanshika , Patra Goutam Kumar
Published: January 2024

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), a crystalline material, are a new type of inorganicorganic
hybrid material. MOFs are of great interest to researchers in chemistry and material science
due to their various chemical and physical properties, and features include their remarkable surface
area, high porosity, flexibility, structural variety, flexibility, extreme porosity, a large surface area,
augmented adsorption/desorption kinetics, biocompatibility and functional tunability. MOFs are
multi-dimensional crystals and have extended net-like frameworks from molecular building units
such as inorganic metal nodes and organic linkers. The structurally diverse MOFs have found applications
in chemical sensing and several other fields, such as energy applications, biomedicine, and
catalysis. Numerous researchers from other fields have been drawn to this topic by the intrinsic potential
to absorb gas molecules, which has led to the applications of gas storage and heterogeneous
catalysis. Because of their low framework density, open metal sites for interaction, adjustable pore
size, fast response with high sensitivity and selectivity, and real-time monitoring, luminescent metalorganic
frameworks, or LMOFs, have piqued the interest of a large scientific community as a promising
candidate for sensor applications. A number of characteristics, including non-toxicity, biodegradability,
and reasonably priced, varied functionality, are important factors in the use of MOFs in
chemo- and biosensing. MOFs can be very promising candidates as selective and sensitive
chemosensors for the detection of cations, anions, small molecules, gases and explosives. In this
manuscript, we address recent research advances in the use of metal-organic-framework-based luminescent
sensors for detecting some small molecules and various metal ions in aqueous biological and
environmental samples. A wide range of materials may be reached in the emerging field of synthetic
and material chemistry, thanks to the capacity to change the pore size and chemically functionalize
its nature without changing its architecture.
Label-free Electrochemical Nanobiosensors Using Au-SPE for COVID-19
Detection: A Comparative Review of Different Biomarkers and Recognition
Elements
Authors: Kangarshahi Babak Mikaeeli , Naghib Seyed Morteza
Published: January 2024

An immediate and precise diagnosis is required due to the COVID-19 outbreak. Labelfree
electrochemical biosensors show promise as potentially valuable instruments for detecting
COVID-19. These biosensors are distinguished by their lack of complexity, high speed, sensitivity,
and relatively low cost. The precise COVID-19 biomarkers may be recognized without labeling or
amplification by detecting the electrical signal created by direct contact between the target analyte
and the identification element positioned on the electrode surface. This can be done by placing the
electrode in contact with the target analyte, which will amplify the signal. It has been shown that
using gold screen printed electrodes, also known as Au SPE, is beneficial when used as an electrode
material in label-free electrochemical biosensors. This review study examines and contrasts the performance
of several label-free electrochemical biosensors that use Au SPE to detect COVID-19. The
merits and limitations of each biosensor will also be discussed. These biosensors use recognition
components like DNA, RNA, antibody, aptamer, and MIP and depend on various indicators, such as
viral RNA, viral protein, and host antibody. In addition, an analysis of the difficulties and possibilities
that may present within this burgeoning subject is carried out. This includes the enhancement of
sensor selectivity and stability, optimizing sensor manufacture and design, integrating the sensor
with portable readout equipment, and validating the sensor's effectiveness via the use of genuine
clinical samples. It can be reasoned out that label-free electrochemical biosensors that make use of
gold screen-printed electrodes (Au SPE) have a significant amount of potential for the detection of
COVID-19. However, further study is required to address various difficulties, improve their dependability,
and broaden the range of applications for these technologies.
Natural Flavonoids: Fortifying Renal Defence Mechanism
Authors: Jain Tanya , Singh Manish Pal , Gohil Kashmira J.
Published: January 2024

Background:

The kidneys, intricate organs responsible for maintaining fluid and electrolyte
balance, are susceptible to damage from diverse nephrotoxic insults, including drugs, toxins,
and metabolic disorders. In recent years, flavonoids, bioactive compounds abundant in fruits,
vegetables, and herbal extracts, have emerged as promising candidates for renal protection due to
their potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Methods:

We have collected the data that supported this idea to conduct a comprehensive review
by using scientific databases, such as Pub Med ®, ScienceDirect ®, Google Scholar ®, and
MEDLINE ®. An attempt was made to refer to all English-language articles published between
2000 to 2020 using keywords like flavonoids potential in nephrotoxicity and nephrotoxicity
treatment approaches with herbal remedies.

Conclusion:

This comprehensive review delves into the molecular mechanisms underlying the
reno-protective effects of flavonoids. By scavenging reactive oxygen species, inhibiting inflammatory
mediators, and modulating intracellular signalling pathways, flavonoids can mitigate oxidative
stress and inflammation, thereby preserving renal function and integrity. Preclinical studies
have demonstrated the potential of specific flavonoids in ameliorating drug-induced nephrotoxicity,
renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, diabetic nephropathy, and other kidney diseases.
Furthermore, epidemiological evidence highlights the inverse relationship between flavonoid intake
and the risk of developing kidney diseases. Nevertheless, understanding the molecular
mechanisms of flavonoids in nephroprotection offers exciting prospects for developing novel
therapeutic strategies to combat kidney diseases and promote kidney health.
Design, Synthesis, and In vitro Anti-cervical Cancer Activity of a Novel MDM2-p53
Inhibitor Based on a Chalcone Scaffold
Authors: Alimujiang Yusupuwajimu , Maimaiti Aikebaier , Ablise Mourboul , Yang Zheng , Liu Zhengye , Wang Yu , Mutalipu Zuohelaguli , Yan Tong
Published: January 2024

Objective:

Several novel fluorinated chalcone derivatives were synthesized, and their in vitro anticervical
cancer activity and mechanism of action were investigated using the parent nucleus of licorice chalcone
as the lead compound backbone and MDM2-p53 as the target.

Methods:

In this study, 16 novel chalcone derivatives (3a–3r) were designed and synthesized by molecular docking
technology based on the licorice chalcone parent nucleus as the lead compound scaffold and the cancer apoptosis
regulatory target MDM2–p53. The structures of these compounds were confirmed by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR,
and HR-ESI-MS. The inhibitory effects of the compounds on the proliferation of three human cervical cancer cell
lines (SiHa, HeLa, and C-33A) and two normal cell lines (H8 and HaCaT) were determined by MTT assay, and
the initialstructure–activity relationship was analyzed. Transwell and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the
effects of target compounds on the inhibition of cancer cell migration and invasion, apoptosis induction, and cell
cycle arrest. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot (WB) were used to
detect the effects of candidate compounds on mRNA, p53, and Murine double minute 2 (MDM2) protein expression.
The binding characteristics of the target compounds to the MDM2 protein target in the p53–MDM2 pathway
were evaluated by molecular docking technology.

Results:

The target compounds had considerable inhibitory activity on the proliferation of three cervical cancer
cell lines. Among them, compound 3k (E)-3-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)-2-methyl-1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)
prop-2-en-1-one) showed the highest activity against HeLa cells (IC50=1.08 μmol/L), which was better than that
of the lead compound Licochalcone B, and 3k showed lower toxicity to both normal cells. Compound 3k strongly
inhibited the migration and invasion of HeLa cells and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase.
Furthermore, compound 3k upregulated the expression of p53 and BAX and downregulated the expression of
MDM2, MDMX, and BCL2. Moreover, molecular docking results showed that compound 3k could effectively
bind to the MDM2 protein (binding energy: −9.0 kcal/mol). These results suggest that the compounds may activate
the p53 signaling pathway by inhibiting MDM2 protein, which prevents cancer cell proliferation, migration,
and invasion and induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in cancer cells.

Conclusion:

This study provides a new effective and low-toxicity drug candidate from licochalcone derivatives
for treating cervical cancer.
Design and Synthesis of Aspirin-chalcone Mimic Conjugates as Potential Anticancer
Agents
Authors: Mohamed-Ezzat Reham A. , Srour Aladdin M.
Published: January 2024

Background:

Extensive research has been conducted on aspirin, a widely recognized NSAID medication,
regarding its potential as an anticancer agent. Studies have revealed its ability to trigger cell death in different
types of cancer cells.

Methods:

A set of aspirin-chalcone mimic conjugates 5a-k and 6a-d utilizing the freshly prepared acid chloride
of aspirin moiety has been designed and synthesized. To evaluate the newly developed compounds, the NCI 60-
cell line panel was employed to assess their anti-proliferative properties. Subsequently, cell cycle analysis was
conducted along with an examination of the compounds' impact on the levels of p53, Bax, Bcl-2, active caspase-
3, and their inhibition mechanism of tubulin polymerization.

Results:

Derivative 6c displayed the best anticancer activity among the tested series while 6d was the best against
breast cancer MDA-MB-468, therefore both of them were selected for the 5-dose stage, however, targeting
MDA-MB-468, PI-flow cytometry of compound 6d proved the triggered cell growth arrest at the G1/S phase
avoiding the mitotic cycle in MDA-MB-468 cells. Similarly, the upregulation of oncogenic parameters such as
caspase-3, p53, and Bax/Bcl-2, along with the inhibition of PARP-1 enzyme level, was observed with compound
6d. This compound also exhibited a significant ability to induce apoptosis and disrupt the intracellular microtubule
network through a promising activity as a tubulin polymerization inhibitor with IC50 = 1.065 ± 0.024 ng/ml.
Furthermore, to examine the manner in which compound 6d binds to the active pocket of the tubulin polymerization
enzyme, a molecular docking study was conducted.

Conclusion:

The study indicated that compound 6d could be a powerful microtubule-destabilizing agent. Therefore,
further research on 6d could be worthwhile.
Differential Gene Expression and Immune Cell Infiltration in Patients with
Steroid-induced Necrosis of the Femoral Head
Authors: Ren Guowu , Han Jie , Mo Jian , Xu Zhiwei , Feng Xinjian , Chen Feng , Wu Yukun , Peng Qinglin
Published: January 2024

Objective:

The study aimed to study the differential gene expression and immune cell
infiltration in patients with steroid-induced necrosis of the femoral head (SANFH), identify the
key genes and immune cells of SANFH, and explore the relationship between immune cells and
SANFH.

Methods:

The high-throughput gene chip dataset GSE123568 was downloaded from the GEO
database, and the differential gene expression was analyzed with the R language. The STRING
database and Cytoscape software were used to analyze the protein interaction network and
screen key genes, and enrichment analysis was carried out on key genes. The infiltration of immune
cells in SANFH patients was analyzed and verified by immunohistochemistry.

Results:

EP300, TRAF6, STAT1, JAK1, CASP8, and JAK2 are key genes in the pathogenesis
of SANFH, which mainly involve myeloid cell differentiation, cytokine-mediated signaling
pathway, tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway, and cellular response to tumor necrosis
factor through JAK-STAT, NOD-like receptor, toll-like receptor, and other signaling
pathways, leading to the occurrence of diseases; immune infiltration and immunohistochemical
results have shown the expression of memory B cells and activated dendritic cells as reduced in
SANFH patients, while in the same SANFH samples, M1 macrophages have been positively
correlated with monocytes, and neutrophils have been negatively correlated with monocytes
expression.

Conclusion:

EP300, TRAF6, STAT1, JAK1, CASP8, and JAK2 have exhibited significant differences
in SANFH (spontaneous osteonecrosis of the femoral head). Memory B cells, activated
dendritic cells, M1 macrophages, monocytes, and neutrophils have shown abnormal expression
in SANFH.
Approaches to Enhance the Stability of Colloidal Quantum Well Light-
Emitting Diodes
Authors: Fang Wenhui , Liu Baiquan
Published: January 2024

Colloidal quantum well light-emitting diodes (CQW-LEDs) show great potential for
applications in displays and lighting due to their advantages, such as high color purity, spectral
tunability and compatibility with flexible electronics. So far, attention has been mainly devoted to
pursuing device efficiencies rather than achieving device stability, leading to the fact that the lifetime
of CQW-LEDs is far from the demand for practical applications. In this perspective, various
approaches to enhance the stability of CQW-LEDs have been discussed, including the synthesis
of stable CQW materials, the selection of stable transport layers, the improvement of charge balance,
and the introduction of advanced encapsulation techniques.
CT-guided Percutaneous Microwave Ablation Combined with Local
Radiotherapy or Chemotherapy of Malignant Pulmonary Tumors
Authors: Xu Rongde , Chen Jingjing , Chen Daohua , Zhang Xiaobo , Cui Wei , Deng Yi , Sun Danxiong , Yuan Bing , Li Jing
Published: January 2024

Background and Objective:

The study aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy of
CT-guided microwave ablation (MWA) combined with 125I seed implantation or bronchial arterial
infusion (BAI) chemotherapy in the treatment of malignant pulmonary tumors.

Methods:

A total of 56 patients who underwent MWA, MWA combined with 125I particle implantation,
or MWA combined with BAI chemotherapy for advanced lung cancer or metastatic
lung cancer from January 2015 to June 2021 in Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital were
enrolled. Among them, 21 patients were treated with MWA (MWA), 18 with MWA combined
with 125I seed implantation (MWA+125I), and 17 with MWA combined with BAI chemotherapy
(MWA+BAI). The short-term outcomes, complications, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group
(ECOG) performance score (Zubrod-ECOG-WHO, ZPS), survival, and factors related to survival
were compared between the three groups.

Results:

The response rate of the MWA group (9.52%) was significantly lower than that of the
MWA+125I group (50.00%) and MWA+BAI chemotherapy group (47.06%), and the differences
were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The incidence of complications in the MWA,
MWA+125I, and MWA+BAI chemotherapy groups was 47.62%, 55.56%, and 52.94%, respectively,
with no significant difference (p > 0.05). Three months after the treatment, the ZPS of
the MWA+125I and MWA+BAI chemotherapy groups was significantly lower than before
treatment and significantly lower than that of the MWA group in the same period; the differences
were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The median survival time of the MWA+125I group
was 18 (9.983, 26.017) months and that of the MWA+BAI chemotherapy group was 21 (0.465,
41.535) months, both of which were higher than that of the MWA group [11 (6.686, 15.314)
months]; the differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Cox regression analysis was
performed on the factors related to survival and revealed treatment mode as a protective factor
[HR = 0.433, 95% CI = (0.191, 0.984), p = 0.046]. Other factors, such as gender, age, and tumor
size, did not independently affect survival.

Conclusion:

CT-guided MWA combined with 125I seed implantation and MWA combined with
BAI chemotherapy are safe and effective for the treatment of advanced lung cancer and metastatic
lung cancer, and can control tumor progression and prolong survival time.
Biological Activities of Aurones: A Brief Summary
Authors: Zhu Qiang , Zheng Xing , Tan Yan , Luo Zhongqin , Yao Xu , Chen Hongfei
Published: January 2024

Aurones are structural isomers of flavones and flavonols with the basic C6–C3–C6 skeleton
arranged as (Z)-2-benzylidenebenzofuran-3(2H)-one, which contain an exocyclic carbon-carbon
double bond bridging the benzofuranone and phenyl rings. In aurone, a chalcone-like group is closed
into a 5-membered ring instead of the 6-membered ring more typical of flavonoids, which forms the
core for a family of derivatives that are known collectively as aurones. As a kind of flavonoids, aurones
are widely distributed in many plants which provide yellow color to some popular ornamental
flowers. For a long time aurones had not got enough attention, while in recent years, finally this
chemical is coming into researchers' view. As the secondary metabolite in the family of flavonoids,
aurones displayed various biological activities, including antioxidant, antiparasitic, antitumor, antiviral,
antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-SARS-CoV-2 and neuropharmacological activities. Therefore,
aurones have attracted the attention of more and more chemists and pharmaceutical chemists,
who realized that it is possible to get lead compounds with better activities via structural modifications
of aurones. In some research works, aurone and its derivatives have exhibited good activity,
e.g., Xie discovered the heterocyclic variant of the (Z)-2-benzylidene-6-hydroxybenzofuran-3(2H)-
one scaffold that possessed low nanomolar in vitro potency in cell proliferation assays using various
cancer cell lines, in vivo potency in prostate cancer PC-3 xenograft and zebrafish models, and absence
of appreciable toxicity, which proved that aurones are valuable compounds worthy of further
study. Herein, the biological activities of aurone derivatives are reviewed, which covers the literature
since 2000, in which the strategies to develop bioactive aurone derivatives and the structureactivity
relationship are highlighted.
A representação feminina no Congresso Nacional De Arquivologia (CNA)
Authors: Rodrigues Glenda Silva , Casagrande Beatriz Barroso , Braga Eduarda de Oliveira , Santos Luciana Oliveira dos
Published: January 2024

Women, for a long time, were in a position of caring for the home and raising children. Having as direction the research sought to analyze their role as researchers. We analyze its progress in the archival field, the basis for such analysis is the National Archives Congress (NCA) during the last eight editions. And for this research, we aimed atunderstandingand verifyingthe female representation in publications with regard to authorship, co-authorship and collaboration, in addition to the main themes in which they have been dedicated in the scientific field. The data were analyzed in a quali-quantitative, descriptive and explanatory way in crucial points of the tabulated data. In this way, we found an active participation, however, still in aprocess of growth compared to male authors.
Astaxantina: El antioxidante natural con múltiples beneficios para la salud. Una revisión
Authors: Galarza Janeth I. , Pillacela Zhunio Bryan , Arredondo-Vega Bertha O. , Ríos Tomalá Sara
Published: January 2024

Astaxantina es un carotenoide C40 natural con numerosas funciones biológicas reportadas, la mayoría de ellas asociadas con su actividad antioxidante y antiinflamatoria, destacándose de entre otros antioxidantes la alta capacidad de absorción de radicales de oxígeno y una actividad inhibidora de radicales libres. El estrés oxidativo, causado por factores ambientales y un estilo de vida poco saludable, puede dañar las células y el ADN, lo que conduce al incremento de diversas enfermedades relacionadas con el estrés. Por lo anterior, existe un gran interés en descubrir bioproductos beneficiosos en la salud humana. La presente información se fundamenta en la revisión de 32 artículos científicos más relevantes descargados desde las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science y Google Scholar que permitieron conocer el efecto potencial de la astaxantina. Se resumió la importancia de la actividad biológica de astaxantina y presentó los efectos antiinflamatorios, hepatoprotectores, neuroprotectores, protectores oculares, protectores de la piel, efectos en la fertilidad y en el sistema inmune. Además, se ha investigado su actividad antidiabética, antioxidante, cardiovascular, anticancerígena, en modelos experimentales in situ, in vivo y en humanos. La presente revisión sugiere que astaxantina es un candidato prometedor para la prevención y el tratamiento de varias enfermedades asociadas con el estrés oxidativo.
HealthySMS Text Messaging System Adjunct to Adolescent Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in the Context of COVID-19 (Let’s Text!): Pilot Feasibility and Acceptability Study
Authors: Haack Lauren M , Armstrong Courtney C , Travis Kate , Aguilera Adrian , Darrow Sabrina M
Published: January 2024

Background

The widespread occurrence and devastating impact of adolescent depression warrant health service research focused on feasible and acceptable digital health tools to supplement evidence-based intervention (EBI) efforts, particularly in the context of shelter-in-place guidelines disrupting youth socialization and service use in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the promise of SMS text message interventions to enhance EBI engagement, our team developed the HealthySMS system as an adjunct to one of the most empirically supported interventions for adolescent depression: cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) group services. The system sends daily SMS text messages requesting responses assessing mood, thoughts, and activities; weekly attendance reminder messages; daily tips about adherence (eg, a prompt for activity completion); and personalized responses based on participants’ texts.

Objective

This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of HealthySMS in a real-world setting and explore potential mechanisms of change in EBI engagement, before evaluating the system’s impact on adolescents’ group CBT engagement and, ultimately, depression outcomes.

Methods

Over the course of 2020, we invited all 20 adolescents receiving CBT group services for depression at an outpatient psychiatry clinic to enroll in our HealthySMS study; ultimately, 17 (85%) adolescents agreed to participate. We tracked participant initiation and engagement with the HealthySMS system as well as the content of SMS text message responses to HealthySMS. We also invited each participant to engage in a semistructured interview to gather additional qualitative inputs on the system.

Results

All (n=17, 100%) research participants invited agreed to receive HealthySMS messages, and 94% (16/17) of the participants maintained use during the first month without opting out. We uncovered meaningful qualitative themes regarding the feasibility and acceptability of HealthySMS, as well as its potential impact on EBI engagement.

Conclusions

Taken together, the results of this pilot study suggest that HealthySMS adjunct to adolescent CBT group depression services is feasible and acceptable, as evidenced by high rates of HealthySMS initiation and low rates of dropout, as well as meaningful themes uncovered from participants’ qualitative feedback. In addition, the findings provide evidence regarding iterative improvements to the HealthySMS system and research protocol, as well as potential mechanisms of change for enhanced EBI engagement and, ultimately, adolescent depression outcomes, which can be used in future effectiveness research.
Identification of Predictors of Mood Disorder Misdiagnosis and Subsequent Help-Seeking Behavior in Individuals With Depressive Symptoms: Gradient-Boosted Tree Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Benacek Jiri , Lawal Nimotalai , Ong Tommy , Tomasik Jakub , Martin-Key Nayra A , Funnell Erin L , Barton-Owen Giles , Olmert Tony , Cowell Dan , Bahn Sabine
Published: January 2024

Background

Misdiagnosis and delayed help-seeking cause significant burden for individuals with mood disorders such as major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder. Misdiagnosis can lead to inappropriate treatment, while delayed help-seeking can result in more severe symptoms, functional impairment, and poor treatment response. Such challenges are common in individuals with major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder due to the overlap of symptoms with other mental and physical health conditions, as well as, stigma and insufficient understanding of these disorders.

Objective

In this study, we aimed to identify factors that may contribute to mood disorder misdiagnosis and delayed help-seeking.

Methods

Participants with current depressive symptoms were recruited online and data were collected using an extensive digital mental health questionnaire, with the World Health Organization World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview delivered via telephone. A series of predictive gradient-boosted tree algorithms were trained and validated to identify the most important predictors of misdiagnosis and subsequent help-seeking in misdiagnosed individuals.

Results

The analysis included data from 924 symptomatic individuals for predicting misdiagnosis and from a subset of 379 misdiagnosed participants who provided follow-up information when predicting help-seeking. Models achieved good predictive power, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.75 and 0.71 for misdiagnosis and help-seeking, respectively. The most predictive features with respect to misdiagnosis were high severity of depressed mood, instability of self-image, the involvement of a psychiatrist in diagnosing depression, higher age at depression diagnosis, and reckless spending. Regarding help-seeking behavior, the strongest predictors included shorter time elapsed since last speaking to a general practitioner about mental health, sleep problems disrupting daily tasks, taking antidepressant medication, and being diagnosed with depression at younger ages.

Conclusions

This study provides a novel, machine learning–based approach to understand the interplay of factors that may contribute to the misdiagnosis and subsequent help-seeking in patients experiencing low mood. The present findings can inform the development of targeted interventions to improve early detection and appropriate treatment of individuals with mood disorders.
Web-Based Emotion Regulation Training for Sexual Health: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Jobim Fischer Vinicius , Rossato Holz Maila , Billieux Joël , Andersson Gerhard , Vögele Claus
Published: January 2024

Background

Effective emotional regulation (ER) skills are important for sexual function, as they impact emotional awareness and expression during sexual activity, and therefore, satisfaction and distress. Emotion regulation interventions may offer a promising approach to improve sexual health. Web-based emotion regulation may be a therapeutic strategy for men and women with sexual health concerns. Nevertheless, there is a scarcity of intervention trials investigating its effects in this context, much less using the internet.

Objective

This study aims to investigate the effects of a web-based emotion regulation training program for sexual function in both men and women.

Methods

The participants were recruited based on their self-reported sexual problems, which for men was defined by a score of <25 on the International Index Erectile Function (IIEF) and for women by a score of <26.55 on the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). The final sample included 60 participants who were randomized to either a web-based emotion regulation training for sexual function or to a waitlist control group. The treatment consisted of an 8-week web-based emotion regulation training for sexual function. The participants were assessed at baseline, post intervention, and the 3-month follow-up.

Results

Of the 60 participants included, only 6 completed all 3 assessment points (n=5, 20% in the treatment group and n=1, 5% in the waitlist control group) after receiving the intervention. At follow-up, there were no significant differences between groups in any measure. Among the intervention completers, large-to-moderate within-group effect sizes were observed between the assessment points on measures of emotion regulation, depression, lubrication, orgasm, thoughts of sexual failure, and abuse during sexual activity. The adherence rate was very low, limiting the generalizability of the findings.

Conclusions

Participants who completed the intervention showed improvements in both sexual function domains and emotion regulation. Nonetheless, due to a high dropout rate, this trial failed to collect sufficient data to allow for any conclusions to be drawn on treatment effects.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04792177; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04792177
Office Workers’ Views About the Uses, Concerns, and Acceptance of Hand Hygiene Data Collected From Smart Sanitizers: Exploratory Qualitative Interview Study (Preprint)
Authors: Rutter Sophie , Sanger Sally , Madden Andrew D , Ehdeed Sukaina , Stones Catherine
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

COVID-19 and the prospect of future pandemics have emphasized the need to reduce disease transmission in workplaces. Despite the well-established link between good hand hygiene (HH) and employee health, HH in nonclinical workplaces has received little attention. Smart sanitizers have been deployed in clinical settings to motivate and enforce HH. This study is part of a large project that explores the potential of smart sanitizers in office settings.

OBJECTIVE

Our previous study found that for office workers to accept the deployment of smart sanitizers, they would need to find the data generated as useful and actionable. The objectives of this study were to identify (1) the potential uses and actions that could be taken from HH data collected by smart sanitizers (2) the concerns of office workers for the identified uses and actions and (3) the circumstances in which office workers accept HH monitoring.

METHODS

An interview study was conducted with 18 office workers from various professions. Interview questions were developed using a framework from personal informatics. Transcripts were analyzed thematically.

RESULTS

A wide range of uses of smart sanitizer data was identified including managing hygiene resources and workflows, finding operating sanitizers, communicating the (high) standard of organizational hygiene, promoting and enforcing organizational hygiene policies, improving workers’ own hygiene practices, executing more effective interventions, and identifying the causes of outbreaks. However, hygiene is mostly considered as a private matter, and it is also possible that no action would be taken. Office workers were also concerned about bullying, coercion, and use of hygiene data for unintended purposes. They were also worried that the data could be inaccurate or incomplete, leading to misrepresentation of hygiene practices. Office workers suggested that they would be more likely to accept monitoring in situations where hygiene is considered important, when there are clear benefits to data collection, if their privacy is respected, if they have some control over how their data are collected, and if the ways in which the data will be used are clearly communicated.

CONCLUSIONS

Smart sanitizers could have a valuable role in improving hygiene practices in offices and reducing disease transmission. Many actionable uses for data collected from smart systems were identified. However, office workers consider HH as a personal matter, and acceptance of smart systems is likely to be dynamic and will depend on the broad situation. Except when there are disease outbreaks, smart systems may need to be restricted to uses that do not require the sharing of personal data. Should organizations wish to implement smart sanitizers in offices, it would be advisable to consult widely with staff and develop systems that are customizable and personalizable.
Identification of Predictors of Mood Disorder Misdiagnosis and Subsequent Help-Seeking Behavior in Individuals With Depressive Symptoms: Gradient-Boosted Tree Machine Learning Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Benacek Jiri , Lawal Nimotalai , Ong Tommy , Tomasik Jakub , Martin-Key Nayra A , Funnell Erin L , Barton-Owen Giles , Olmert Tony , Cowell Dan , Bahn Sabine
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Misdiagnosis and delayed help-seeking cause significant burden for individuals with mood disorders such as major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder. Misdiagnosis can lead to inappropriate treatment, while delayed help-seeking can result in more severe symptoms, functional impairment, and poor treatment response. Such challenges are common in individuals with major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder due to the overlap of symptoms with other mental and physical health conditions, as well as, stigma and insufficient understanding of these disorders.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we aimed to identify factors that may contribute to mood disorder misdiagnosis and delayed help-seeking.

METHODS

Participants with current depressive symptoms were recruited online and data were collected using an extensive digital mental health questionnaire, with the World Health Organization World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview delivered via telephone. A series of predictive gradient-boosted tree algorithms were trained and validated to identify the most important predictors of misdiagnosis and subsequent help-seeking in misdiagnosed individuals.

RESULTS

The analysis included data from 924 symptomatic individuals for predicting misdiagnosis and from a subset of 379 misdiagnosed participants who provided follow-up information when predicting help-seeking. Models achieved good predictive power, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.75 and 0.71 for misdiagnosis and help-seeking, respectively. The most predictive features with respect to misdiagnosis were high severity of depressed mood, instability of self-image, the involvement of a psychiatrist in diagnosing depression, higher age at depression diagnosis, and reckless spending. Regarding help-seeking behavior, the strongest predictors included shorter time elapsed since last speaking to a general practitioner about mental health, sleep problems disrupting daily tasks, taking antidepressant medication, and being diagnosed with depression at younger ages.

CONCLUSIONS

This study provides a novel, machine learning–based approach to understand the interplay of factors that may contribute to the misdiagnosis and subsequent help-seeking in patients experiencing low mood. The present findings can inform the development of targeted interventions to improve early detection and appropriate treatment of individuals with mood disorders.
The Paradoxes of Digital Tools in Hospitals: Qualitative Interview Study (Preprint)
Authors: Wosny Marie , Strasser Livia Maria , Hastings Janna
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Digital tools are progressively reshaping the daily work of health care professionals (HCPs) in hospitals. While this transformation holds substantial promise, it leads to frustrating experiences, raising concerns about negative impacts on clinicians’ well-being.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of this study was to comprehensively explore the lived experiences of HCPs navigating digital tools throughout their daily routines.

METHODS

Qualitative in-depth interviews with 52 HCPs representing 24 medical specialties across 14 hospitals in Switzerland were performed.

RESULTS

Inductive thematic analysis revealed 4 main themes: digital tool use, workflow and processes, HCPs’ experience of care delivery, and digital transformation and management of change. Within these themes, 6 intriguing paradoxes emerged, and we hypothesized that these paradoxes might partly explain the persistence of the challenges facing hospital digitalization: the promise of efficiency and the reality of inefficiency, the shift from face to face to interface, juggling frustration and dedication, the illusion of information access and trust, the complexity and intersection of workflows and care paths, and the opportunities and challenges of shadow IT.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study highlights the central importance of acknowledging and considering the experiences of HCPs to support the transformation of health care technology and to avoid or mitigate any potential negative experiences that might arise from digitalization. The viewpoints of HCPs add relevant insights into long-standing informatics problems in health care and may suggest new strategies to follow when tackling future challenges.
Emergency care for psychogenic paranoids in modern environment
Authors: Kozidubova V.M. , Goncharova O.Y. , Doluda S.M. , Barycheva E.M. , Gurnytskyi O.V.
Published: January 2024

The work presents data on the main modern variants of reactive paranoids. Clinical manifestations, differential diagnostic criteria, features of the dynamics, modern approaches to treatment of this pathology are described. The possibility of distinguishing modern variants of psychogenic paranoids is emphasized, taking into account the existing pathomorphosis of manifestations of this pathology. Currently, the most common forms are paranoids of attitude, persecution, litigious, somatogenic-reactive, induced, deprivation variants of psychogenic delusions. The patterns for the development of delusional psychogenic disorders are presented. The manifestations of attitude and persecution paranoid are described, with emphasis on the reflection of psychotraumatic experiences in patients’ statements and behavior. When considering litigious reactive psychosis, the importance of paranoid personality traits is emphasized, which contribute to the formation of a “struggle for justice” with a psychotic interpretation of real events. Information is given about the emergence of a relatively new variant of somatogenic-reactive paranoid in patients with combat injuries. Psychogenic deprivation hallucinosis with paranoid interpretation of experiences in premorbidly healthy individuals is described. Differential diagnosis of reactive paranoids and similar pathology is carried out. A special place is given to emergency care for psychomotor agitation of patients with the need to comply with the requirements of current legislation in psychiatry. Recommendations are given for further treatment of patients after relief of acute conditions, with the need to add psychocorrective measures to restore mental health.
Application and Assessment of GIS Technology in Flash Flood Risk Management
Authors: Yang Cheng
Published: January 2024

This paper aims to explore the application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology in the risk management of flash flood disasters and its role in safety assessment. Initially, the article briefly introduces the basic principles and functionalities of GIS technology, as well as how it can be effectively used in the monitoring, analysis, and prediction of flash flood disasters. Subsequently, the paper delves into the key applications of GIS in the risk assessment of flash floods, including the identification of disaster-prone areas, classification of risk levels, and planning of response strategies. The article also emphasizes the advantages of GIS technology in integrating multi-source data, achieving dynamic monitoring, and enhancing the efficiency of emergency response. Finally, through an analysis of existing research, the paper points out the potential and future directions of GIS in the field of safety evaluation of flash flood disasters. This study aims to provide more effective technical support and decision-making references for the risk management of flash flood disasters.
An Intelligent System for Real Time Crop Monitoring and Yield Estimation using Machine Learning
Authors: Polavarapu Saketh , Yelagada Praneeth
Published: January 2024

Abstract: This ongoing effort aims to revolutionize the agricultural domain through the utilization of a microservices framework that leverages Spring Boot, REST API, and Bootstrap technologies. Its main goal is to offer real-time monitoring solutions, which are facilitated by an Oracle database for storing data acquired from various sensors, including those for weather, soil, and crop production. The overarching objectives include equipping farmers with instant insights into crop health and soil conditions, with a specific focus on increasing crop yields, reducing farming costs, and minimizing the environmental impact. The core functions of the project encompass data analysis to generate tailored farming recommendations, tracking the movements of pests and diseases, and predicting future crop yields. Expected advantages for farmers involve heightened productivity, costeffectiveness, sustainability enhancements, well- informed decision-making, and improved operational efficiency. As development advances, this endeavor holds significant promise for effecting a transformative influence on the agricultural sector.
Enhancing Student Placement with Cross-Platform Application
Authors: Kale Anand , Joshi Shreyas , Rajyaguru Tatvam , Borgaonkar Isha , Jadhav Dr. Chaya , Sakunde Prof. Pooja
Published: January 2024

Abstract: We are developing cross-platform application for training and placement activities where we are using React Native and Spring Boot. React Native provides an efficient way to develop applications using a single code base for all operating systems and it is widely used by many firms for cross-platform application development. We are using Spring Boot for managing all back end operations and creating APIs and we can say it is middle ware between the user and database. In our application we are trying to implement three instances, which are 1. Student Module, 2. Admin Module, 3. Master Admin Module, where the Master Admin Module has all control and super access to the application. We are introducing new features like image preprocessing for document verification and we are also implementing Excel to PDF converter in our application to convert student data into a pdf file. We are also trying to get students data when once the student get registered at Training and Placement activities, by using this feature we are trying to manage our storage efficiently and try to avoid repeating data collection from students.
A Critical Review on co-relation of Agni and Mensturation
Authors: Asha Dr. , Sharma Dr. Vishal
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The science of Ayurveda focuses on the prevention and cure of illness. The Tridoshas, Sapta Dhatus, and Trimalas all endorse it. Apart from the Sapta Dhatus, Upadhatus play an important role. It is Artava, the Upadhatu of Rasa Dhatu, that causes conception in females. Therefore, Artava's health is very important in terms of reproductive health. The menstrual cycle is known in Ayurveda as Rituchakra and is separated into three phases: Ritukaala, Rituvyatitkaala, and Rajahsravakaal. The most significant is Jatharagni, which breaks down four different kinds of food into Rasa and Mala. Every Dhatu is divided into three parts by the seven Dhatvagni acting on its corresponding dhatus. Thus, the whole transformation process yields two different kinds of products: Kitta (excrete) and Prasad (essence). The former is consumed for sustenance, whereas the latter is discarded because, if it remains in the body longer, it defiles it. Since all of the Artava Dushti falls under the category of impaired Agni function, this Agni serves as a crucial foundation for the creation of Artava in the tree.