bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Highest methane concentrations in an Arctic river linked to local terrestrial inputs
Authors: Castro-Morales Karel , Canning Anna , Arzberger Sophie , Overholt Will A. , Küsel Kirsten , Kolle Olaf , Göckede Mathias , Zimov Nikita , Körtzinger Arne
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Large amounts of methane (CH4) could be released as a result of the
gradual or abrupt thawing of Arctic permafrost due to global warming. Once
available, this potent greenhouse gas is emitted into the atmosphere or
transported laterally into aquatic ecosystems via hydrologic connectivity at
the surface or via groundwaters. While high northern latitudes contribute up
to 5 % of total global CH4 emissions, the specific contribution of
Arctic rivers and streams is largely unknown. We analyzed high-resolution
continuous CH4 concentrations measured between 15 and 17 June 2019
(late freshet) in a ∼120 km transect of the Kolyma River in
northeast Siberia. The average partial pressure of CH4
(pCH4) in
tributaries (66.8–206.8 µatm) was 2–7 times higher than in the
main river channel (28.3 µatm). In the main channel, CH4 was up
to 1600 % supersaturated with respect to atmospheric equilibrium. Key
sites along the riverbank and at tributary confluences accounted for 10 %
of the navigated transect and had the highest pCH4 (41 ± 7 µatm) and CH4 emissions (0.03 ± 0.004 mmolm-2d-1)
compared to other sites in the main channel, contributing between 14 % to 17 % of the total CH4 flux in the transect. These key sites were
characterized by warm waters (T>14.5 ∘C) and low
specific conductivities (κ<88 µS cm−1). The
distribution of CH4 in the river could be linked statistically to T and
κ of the water and to their proximity to the shore z, and these
parameters served as predictors of CH4 concentrations in unsampled
river areas. The abundance of CH4-consuming bacteria and
CH4-producing archaea in the river was similar to those previously
detected in nearby soils and was also strongly correlated to T and κ. These findings imply that the source of riverine CH4 is closely
related with sites near land. The average total CH4 flux density in the
river section was 0.02 ± 0.006 mmolm-2d-1, equivalent to an
annual CH4 flux of 1.24×107 g CH4 yr−1 emitted during a 146 d open water season. Our study highlights the
importance of high-resolution continuous CH4 measurements in Arctic
rivers for identifying spatial and temporal variations, as well as providing
a glimpse of the magnitude of riverine CH4 emissions in the Arctic and
their potential relevance to regional CH4 budgets.
Mesoscale observations of temperature and salinity in the Arctic Transpolar Drift: a high-resolution dataset from the MOSAiC Distributed Network
Authors: Hoppmann Mario , Kuznetsov Ivan , Fang Ying-Chih , Rabe Benjamin
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Measurements targeting mesoscale and smaller-scale processes in the ice-covered part of the Arctic Ocean are sparse in all seasons. As a result, there are significant knowledge gaps with respect to these processes, particularly related to the role of eddies and fronts in the coupled ocean–atmosphere–sea ice system. Here we present a unique observational dataset of upper ocean temperature and salinity collected by a set of buoys installed on ice floes as part of the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) Distributed Network. The multi-sensor systems, each equipped with five temperature and salinity recorders on a 100 m long inductive modem tether, drifted together with the main MOSAiC ice camp through the Arctic Transpolar Drift between October 2019 and August 2020. They transmitted hydrographic in situ data via the iridium satellite network at 10 min intervals. While three buoys failed early due to ice dynamics, five of them recorded data continuously for 10 months. A total of four units were successfully recovered in early August 2020, additionally yielding internally stored instrument data at 2 min intervals. The raw data were merged, processed, quality controlled, and validated using independent measurements also obtained during MOSAiC. Compilations of the raw and processed datasets are publicly available at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.937271 (Hoppmann et al., 2021i) and https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.940320 (Hoppmann et al., 2022i), respectively. As an important part of the MOSAiC physical oceanography program, this unique dataset has many synergies with the manifold co-located observational datasets and is expected to yield significant insights into ocean processes and to contribute to the validation of high-resolution numerical simulations. While this dataset has the potential to contribute to submesoscale process studies, this paper mainly highlights selected preliminary findings on mesoscale processes.
New insights into the decadal variability in glacier volume of a tropical ice cap, Antisana (0°29′ S, 78°09′ W), explained by the morpho-topographic and climatic context
Authors: Basantes-Serrano Rubén , Rabatel Antoine , Francou Bernard , Vincent Christian , Soruco Alvaro , Condom Thomas , Ruíz Jean Carlo
Published: November 2022

Abstract. We present a comprehensive study of the evolution of the glaciers
on the Antisana ice cap (tropical Andes) over the period 1956–2016. Based on
geodetic observations of aerial photographs and high-resolution satellite
images, we explore the effects of morpho-topographic and climate variables
on glacier volumes. Contrasting behaviour was observed over the whole
period, with two periods of strong mass loss, 1956–1964 (−0.72 m w.e. yr−1) and 1979–1997 (−0.82 m w.e. yr−1), and two periods with
slight mass loss, 1965–1978 (0.10 m w.e. yr−1) and 1998–2016 (−0.26 m w.e. yr−1). There was a 42 % reduction in the total surface area of
the ice cap. Individually, glacier responses were modulated by
morpho-topographic variables (e.g. maximum and median altitude and surface
area), particularly in the case of the small tongues located at low
elevations (Glacier 1, 5 and 16) which have been undergoing accelerated
disintegration since the 1990s and will likely disappear in the coming
years. Moreover, thanks to the availability of aerial data, a surging event
was detected on the Antisana Glacier 8 (G8) in the 2009–2011 period; such an event is
extremely rare in this region and deserves a dedicated study. Despite the
effect of the complex topography, glaciers have reacted in agreement with changes
in climate forcing, with a stepwise transition towards warmer and
alternating wet–dry conditions since the mid-1970s. Long-term decadal
variability is consistent with the warm–cold conditions observed in the
Pacific Ocean represented by the Southern Oscillation index.
THE HISTORY OF “KULAK EXILE” AND THE ELIMINATION OF LABOR VILLAGES
Authors:   Andizhan State University, Andizhan, Republic of Uzbekistan, Khudoyorov N.M.
Published: November 2022

This article is devoted to the study of the process of the emancipation of the exiled people as “kulaks” from labor villages and elimination of such destinations. The paper provides detailed information on issuing passport for labor immigrants and their family members in the example of certain state farm immigrants. The peak period of exiling labor immigrants and their harsh living conditions in labor villages have been described. Most of the examples to provide data are obtained from state archives and books of experts on this subject. Besides, the research covers the issues of production activities of special resettlers in labor settlements established in Uzbekistan on the basis of primary sources and special literature as well. These works have kept detailed action of each “labor immigrant” and the records which provide appropriate information about who were these people in their past lives.
THE NON-GOVERNMENTAL NON-COMMERCIAL ORGANIZATIONS OF KARAKALPAKSTAN IN THE 90-s OF THE XX CENTURY - IN THE BEGINNING OF THE XXI CENTURY
Authors:   Tashkent State Agrarian University, Karakalpakstan, City of Nukus, Ametov T.A.
Published: November 2022

he activities of many non-governmental non-commercial organizations have been launched in Karakalpakstan. Of particular importance in solving social problems in society and in carrying out a humanitarian mission belongs to NGOs of an international level. Among them, the most significant and authoritative are the international non-governmental charity foundation «Soglom avlod uchun» (For a Healthy Generation), the Karakalpak branch of the Association for Supporting Children and Families, «Daulet», «Atamakan», the Center for Public Research (TSOI), the Union protection of the Aral and Amudarya (SZAA), «Perzent», «Women for Sustainable Development», «Aydin «keleshek» (Bright future), Karakalpak Republican Society of Disabled Persons. Their activities are aimed at protecting the interests of citizens, increasing the activity of women and youth in society social and political life of the republic. With the active participation of non-governmental non-commercial organizations in Karakalpakstan, There is the creation of new jobs.
MATERIALS OF THE ARCHIVE OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN ON THE HISTORY OF KAZAKHSTAN-RUSSIAN RELATIONS IN THE 1990S
Authors:   Institute of History of the State of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Lapin N.S. , Akanov K.G. ,   Institute of History of the State of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
Published: November 2022

The purpose of the article is analysis of identified documentary sources on the history of Kazakh-Russian relations in the 1990s.The article analyzes the materials of the 75-N fund (“Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan”) of the Archive of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan (hereinafter – AP RK) to study the history of Kazakhstan-Russian relations in the 1990s. The authors of the article identified and studied 91 documents of the fund 75-N AP RK with a total volume of 212 sheets. Systematization of documents and their analysis made it possible to identify five groups of bilateral cooperation, for which there is an array of identified sources: 1) economics; 2) politics; 3) culture and the humanitarian sphere; 4) regional ties; 5) the activities of the Embassy of Kazakhstan in Russia.Most of the data is introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, and its usage will contribute to an objective study of the history of Kazakhstan-Russian relations in the 1990s.
FROM THE HISTORY OF THE KAZAKH REGIONAL SANITARY AND BACTERIOLOGICAL INSTITUTE
Authors:   Institute of history and ethnology named after Ch.Ch.Valikhanov, Kazakhstan, Almaty, Shildebay S. , Kokebaeva G. ,   Institute of history and ethnology named after Ch.Ch.Valikhanov, Kazakhstan, Almaty, Junisbayev A. ,   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University. Kazakhstan, Almaty
Published: November 2022

The article analyzes the history of the Regional Sanitary and Bacteriological Institute, which played a special role in the history of the formation and development of the health care system in the Autonomous Kazakh Socialist Soviet Republic. Sanbacin headed the scientific organization of the fight against infectious diseases and epidemics. It was an advisory institution of the People’s Commissariat of Health. For the first time in the research work, the history of the creation, formation and development of the Sanbacin is highlighted, its historical role in the fight against infectious diseases and epidemics is systematically analyzed. The work of doctors and employees of Sanbacin became an example of courage in the history of medicine in Kazakhstan.
EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF THE FIRST PUBLIC ORGANIZATIONS IN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   Institute of History and Ethnology named after Ch.Ch. Valikhanova, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Shashaev A.K. , Zikirbaeva V.S. ,   Institute of History and Ethnology named after Ch.Ch. Valikhanova, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Murzakhodzhayev K.M. ,   Institute of History and Ethnology named after Ch.Ch. Valikhanova, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Mrzabaeva R.Z. ,   National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: November 2022

The article examines the history of the formation of public organizations and its initial stages of scientific and educational activities in Kazakhstan in the first quarter of the twentieth century. It is clear that the consequences of the February-October revolutions of the Soviet period, the civil war and subsequent political and social events had a negative impact on the culture and education of Kazakhstan. When everything that remained of the imperial colonial system was destroyed as a relic of the old, it became necessary to create values that would meet the requirements of the new system. Representatives of the national intelligentsia understood this and rallied on a voluntary basis in all areas necessary for the people, despite the lack of funding. The article analyzes the activities of these public organizations on the basis of archival sources.
KAZAKH KHANATE AND MOGULISTANIN XV - BEGINNING OF XVI C.
Authors:   Central State Museum of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Atygayev N.A. ,   State Historical and Cultural Museum-Reserve «Saraychik», Atyrau, Kazakhstan
Published: November 2022

The article is devoted to the relationship between the Kazakh Khanate and Moghulistan in the 15th - early 16th centuries.In the historical literature, the Turkic-speaking tribes who lived in the XIII-XVII centuries were called moguls in the eastern part of the Chagatai ulus. In the middle of the XIV century Mogul tribes formed the state of Moghulistan, which included the territory of modern South-East Kazakhstan (Zhetysu), Kyrgyzstan and East Turkestan (XUAR of the PRC), Tashkent and Sairam. The early history of the Kazakh Khanate is also closely connected with the history of Moghulistan.The main source for the study of the relationship between the Kazakh Khanate and Mogulistan in the 15th - early 16th centuries is the famous historical work of Muslim historiography «Tarikh-i Rashidi», which written by the famous historian and Mogul politician Mirza Mohammed Khaidar from the Duglat (Dulat) tribe. His information was supplemented by materials from other Muslim historical works and compared with the results of special scientific research. Based on the analysis of historical materials, the author comes to the conclusion that the relationship between the Kazakh Khanate and Mogulistan in the 15th - early 16th centuries was peaceful and good-neighborly. For a long time, Kazakhs and Moguls even jointly opposed political opponents, until at the end of the 15th century a conflict arose between their rulers, which began to be settled at the beginning of the 16th century. However, the complete victory of Muhammad Sheibani Khan over the rulers of Mogul Sultan Mahmud Khan and Sultan Ahmad Khan in 1503 led to the fall of the Mogulstan. As a result, a significant land part of the Mogulistan became part of the Kazakh Khanate, the Mogul tribes remaining in this territory joined the Kazakh people, becoming one of its significant ethnic components.
GRAIN PROCUREMENT CAMPAIGN AND MANIFESTATIONS OF INTERETHNIC CONFLICTS IN ZHETYSU (1928-1932)
Authors:   Ch.Ch. Valikhanov Institute of History and Ethnology. Kazakhstan, Almaty, Stamshalov E.I.
Published: November 2022

The article considers the forms of manifestation of interethnic conflicts in the late 20s and early 30s of the XX century, during the state grain procurement campaign, violent measures against peasants in Zhetysu. The study, based on archival documents, presents the facts of interethnic conflicts in the implementation of the Bolshevik agrarian policy, analyzes the violent mechanism of procurement campaigns. On the basis of actual data, the prerequisites for inciting interethnic discord, aggravation of interethnic relations in the construction of Turksib are outlined. The national composition of the communist detachments, “25 thousand people”, working brigades mobilized to the Region to promote procurement measures is also demonstrated.
THE MAIN TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SPHERE OF EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITY IN KAZAKHSTAN IN THE 20-30S OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
Authors:   Kazakh national academy of arts named after T.K. Zhurgenov, Kazakhstan, Almaty, Nurmukhambetov A.A.
Published: November 2022

The article identifies the main trends in the development of education in Kazakhstan in the 20-30s of the twentieth century on the basis of the analysis of archival material. The author uses as an evidentiary argument the government resolutions on the management of the educational sphere in the 20-30s of the twentieth century, revealing the features of the development of this industry, analyzes the regional indicators of schools organized in the country, reflects their statistical data. Using the documentary base, it identifies the main reasons for the failure of plans to open schools. Examines the factors that hinder the development of education, such as the shortage of specialists and the low material and technical condition of schools. The article gives a specific description of how the leadership of those years tried to solve the problems that arose as much as possible, however, there was still a gap between the set plan and the specific work. This is especially noticeable in the training of specialists. It is noteworthy that the author highlights the merits of the national intelligentsia in providing schools with author’s textbooks and educational materials.
ELECTIONS IN THE CONDITIONS OF REBUILDING BY M.S. GORBACHEV. ELECTION OF THE FIRST SECRETARY OF THE CENTRAL COMMISSION OF KAZAKHSTAN N.A. NAZARBAYEV
Authors:   Institute of History of the State, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Burkitbay A.G.
Published: November 2022

The article analyzes the history of the election as the First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan N.A. Nazarbayev. A historiographic review of works on the subject under study is carried out, including the works of famous scientists Z. Bzezinski, M.B. Olcott, F. Fukuyama, as well as memoirs of public and political figures of that time: M.S. Gorbachev, B.N. Yeltsin, N.A. Nazarbayev, K.K. Tokayev, E.A. Shevardnadze, T. Suleimenov and others. Based on the analysis of the sources of the Archive of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan (PA RK), an attempt is made to recreate the historical situation associated with the elections of the First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan. The main goal of the researcher was to impartially and objectively reproduce the situation and relations in the Center-Republic format during the period of completion of the restructuring of union relations, when the Soviet republics acquired a new status of sovereign states, but the Center, represented by Moscow, still tried to retain certain power. The article also briefly analyzes the results of the activities of the former head of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan G.V. Kolbin and the tasks that faced the new leader of Kazakhstan N.A. Nazarbayev are determined.
SOME ASPECTS OF THE PUBLIC AND POLITICAL LIFEOF S. SADUAKASSOV
Authors:   Ch.Ch. Valikhanov Institute of History and Ethnology, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Kabuldinov Z.E. , Oralova A.A. ,   Ch.Ch. Valikhanov Institute of History and Ethnology, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Tylakhmetova A.S. ,   Ch.Ch. Valikhanov Institute of History and Ethnology, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: November 2022

In this article, the authors examine the poorly covered pages from the life and activities of the famous statesman and public figure Smagul Saduakasuly. He devoted his life to true service to his people and republic. Despite the fact that at that time the Stalinist model of the command-administrative system began to form, he tried to protect the territorial integrity of the republic, the people’s language and culture. He made an attempt to soften the blow of the confiscation and expulsion of the bays. He actively opposed the transformation of Kazakhstan into a raw material appendage of the center.The article was prepared on the basis of new archival and written sources and is designed for specialists interested in the issues of the national history of Kazakhstan in the 1920-1930s.
«CLEANING OF COLLECTIVE FARNS FROM «KULATSKO-BAYSKY ELEMENT...»: REPRESSIVE POLICY OF THE SOVIET POWER IN THE TELMANOVSK DISTRICT OF THE KARAGANDA REGION IN 1932-1933
Authors:   Eurasian national university L.N. Gumilev, Kazakhstan, Nur-Sultan, Mussagaliyeva A.S.
Published: November 2022

On the basis of archival materials, the article examines some aspects of the daily life of the local population of the Telmanovsky district of the Karaganda region in 1932-1933. The article studies the policy of the Soviet government during the dispossession of kulaks, under the name "cleansing collective farms from the "kulak-bay element" in Telmanovskiy district, Karaganda region. Particular attention is paid to the repression by the authorities during meat procurement and grain procurement, the relationship between local government and the people, the results of these reforms in the demographic and economic sphere in 1933. The archive of Temirtau, including documents of the regional and district administration: decisions and decrees of the committees of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks), reports of the executive committees, and documents on the eviction of bays and kulaks, directed against the bays and the kulaks. Statistical data were compiled on the quantitative composition of the district's residents after the repressions and dispossession of kulaks, as well as lists of the evicted kulak bays during this campaign. The study shows the course of events of force collectivization, that is, the transformation of collective farms in the Telmanovsky region of livestock production into grain production.
ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXCAVATIONS OF THE LARGE UNDERGROUND MOSQUE “HILVET” NEAR THE MAUSOLEUM OF KHOJA AHMED YASAWI
Authors:   Azret Sultan state historical and cultural museum, Kazakhstan, Turkistan, Tuyakbayev M.K. , Тursun K.M. ,   International Kazakh-Turkish University named after Khoja Ahmet Yesevi, Kazakhstan, Turkistan, Issayev M.S. ,   International Kazakh-Turkish University named after Khoja Ahmet Yesevi, Kazakhstan, Turkistan, Baybolov B.K. ,   Azret Sultan state historical and cultural museum, Kazakhstan, Turkistan, Shametov S.T. ,   Azret Sultan state historical and cultural museum, Kazakhstan, Turkistan
Published: November 2022

The article is devoted to the archeological study of the underground mosque "Hilvet", which was founded in the XII century and continued to operate until the first half of the XX century, has a special place in the formation of Sufism in the Islamic world and is one of the largest centers.Differences in the results of research related to determining the history and activities of the underground mosque "Hilvet", the years of construction, several changes in the construction, improvement made it difficult to determine the exact period. Determining the history and date of construction of underground mosques allows us to accurately summarize the typological function of these structures. The analysis of historical data on the underground mosque "Hilvet" was carried out using the methods of historical-comparative and historical-typological, inductive analysis. Priority was given to methods of comparison and analysis of data related to the period of activity and construction of the underground mosque "Hilvet", aimed at revealing the content of scientifically formulated facts.Although there are many legends and stories about the underground mosque "Hilvet", there is very little scientific literature and records of world travelers, historical information, only the results of archeological research, which began in 1972-1973, allowed to determine the date of construction of the ancient artifact and its original appearance.The accumulated results of archeological excavations are analyzed and submitted for scientific circulation.
THE IMPACT OF THE ETHNIC ENVIRONMENT ON THE TRADITIONAL CULTURE OF CHINESE MUSLIMS (DUNGAN) IN CENTRAL ASIA.
Authors:   Narxoz University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Imyarova Z.S. , John A.A. ,   Center of Dungan Studies and Sinology of the Institute of History and Cultural Heritage of the National Academy of Sciences of the Kyrgyz Republic
Published: November 2022

This article is devoted to the economic and socio-cultural adaptation of the Dungans in Central Asia from the end of the 19th century till the end of the Soviet Union. The traditional culture of the Dungan ethnic group, who migrated to the region from the northwestern provinces of China at the end of the XIX century, had all the signs of the culture of the former places of residence and they differed significantly from the surrounding peoples of Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan both in language and in material culture, and economic activities. Over time, the Dungans mastered the languages of local peoples, adopted some of their traditions, customs and adapted to the values, norms, lifestyle of the host country and identification with the new environment. Thus, there is a process of integration (acculturation), which consists in the preservation of small ethnic groups of their culture and the parallel internalization of foreign cultural attributes.
FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF THE NOMADIC UZBEK STATE IN THE CONTEXT OF CONSTRUCTIVISM
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies named after R.B. Suleimenov. Almaty, Kazakhstan, Kutulukov S.P.
Published: November 2022

The peculiarities of the formation of medieval Turkic states are of particular interest dueto the political conditionality of the issue for the region. The revision of national histories gives rise to a lot of distortions, inaccuracies and manipulations both among professional historians and specialists in other fields. A constructivist approach in exploring and determining the main features of the formation of nomadic states in Central Asia is a prerequisite for further effective research of the idea of the Turkic Renaissance. The article attempts to constructivist understanding of the formation of the State of nomadic Uzbeks on the territory of modern Kazakhstan.
THE HEROIC PERSONALITY OF KENESARY KHAN IN KAZAKH HISTORY
Authors:   Ch. Valikhanov Institute of history and ethnology, Kazakhstan, Almaty, Apendiyev T.A.
Published: November 2022

The history of the Kazakh statehood will undoubtedly be of great importance in the current political situation of Kazakhstan and the development of the national idea, strengthening the support of the country. The Kazakh people were recognized as a heroic people – there were many heroic personalities in its history. In Kazakh history, the study of political, heroic activity and personal qualities of khans and biys, leaders and batyrs, generals has always been relevant. One of the topics that became a big scientific problem in Kazakhstani historiography was the political activity of the last Kazakh Khan Kenessary Kassymuly, his heroic activity in Kazakh society. The article examines the history of the national liberation uprising of the Kazakh people led by Kenessary Kassymuly, his socio-political activities and his personal characteristics, as well as examines the political measures implemented by Kenessary Kassymuly in the Kazakh steppe, gives a historical assessment of the actions of a national character.
NATIONAL HUMAN CAPITAL IN KAZAKHSTAN AT THE BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY: STUDY OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE ALASH INTELLIGENCE
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Kaumen D.I. , Sadykov T.S. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Maxutova A.A. ,   M.Kh. Dulati Taraz Regional University. Taraz, Kazakhstan
Published: November 2022

The article analyzes the study of the activities of the Alash intelligentsia, formed in the early twentieth century and formed the basis of human capital of Kazakhstan.The study of the history of the «Alash» movement, the «Alash» party and the «Alash» government is characterized by a comprehensive and profound scientific approach. Focusing attention on the study of historical events in the analysis of the activities of the intelligentsia, scientific analysis of many important issues in the historiography of Kazakhstan, including historical and cultural preconditions for the development of Kazakh intellectualism. in their socio-political views.In addition, the role and place of the national intelligentsia in the socio-political life of Kazakhstan began in the twentieth century.In order to highlight the role of the national intelligentsia in writing this article, the main role of the newspaper «Saryarka», «Kazakh» and the magazine «Aikap» was determined.
REFLECTION OF SOCIAL CHANGES IN THE KAZAKH NOMADIC SOCIETY IN OFFICE DOCUMENTATION AND VISUAL SOURCES OF THE XIX CENTURY
Authors:   al Farabi KazNU, Almaty,Kazakhstan, Sultangalieva G.S.
Published: November 2022

In this article, through the analysis of office documentations (petitions, letters, reports of sultans-rulers, distant and local chiefs) and visual materials (portraits,artistic images), the process of social changes in the Kazakh nomadic society during the 19th century is considered. The social transformation of the Kazakh nomadic society began with the introduction of new administrative-territorial structures in the Steppe (district area, divisions, volosts, distances, auls) and, accordingly, new symbols of power appeared. In the first half of the XIX century the symbolic representation of the new system of power (the institution of senior sultans and sultan-rulers) wasthe spread of ranking order in the Steppe (assignment of a military or civil rank), the award system of the Russian Empire (medals, orders of St. Anna, St. Stanislav, St. Vladimir), the construction of a single uniform for officials -Kazakhs. The introduction of imperial standards and values in the Steppe contributed to the gradual inclusion of the Kazakh elite in this process and the emergence of new attributes of power in the Steppe.
"FURTHER SUPERVISION ESTABLISHED." AKHMET BAYTURSYNOV UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF THE TSAR'S GUARD (1907-1910)
Authors:   Kostanay Regional University named after A. Baitursynova, Kostanay, Kazakhstan, Ibrayev Y.Y.
Published: November 2022

This article examines the period of Akhmet Baitursynov's life from 1907 to 1910, when he was under the supervision of the tsarist secret police, labeled “politically unreliable”.The article provides data from such sources as a letter from Baitursynov's wife Badrisafa to the Steppe Governor-General Shmit E. O. and articles by Alikhan Bukeikhanov, which provide arguments about the need to release Akhmet Baitursynov from the walls of the Semipalatinsk prison. Archival documents of the office of the Orenburg Governor are also subjected to scientific analysis, including data from the Orenburg gendarmerie about the need for “special supervision” of A. Baitursynov, as a result of his political calls to stop paying taxes and taxes to representatives ofthe colonial regime. The article indicates the reason why Baitursynov's surname was distorted in the police archives of the tsarist period. Thus, even before the events of the February Revolution of 1917 began, Akhmet Baitursynov aroused well-founded fears of the tsarist secret police.
ROLE AND PLACE OF THEORENBURG MUFTI IN THE PUBLIC-POLITICAL AND CULTURAL LIFE OF KAZAKHS (VALUE XVIII -BEGINNING XX CENTURIES )
Authors:   Sh. Sh.Ualikhanov Institute of history and Ethnology. Almaty, Kazakhstan, Rustemov S.K. , Burkhanov B.B. ,   Sh. Sh.Ualikhanov Institute of history and Ethnology. Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: November 2022

This article examines the role of the Orenburg Muftiate (Orenburg Muslim Spiritual Assembly) in the socio-political and cultural life of Kazakhstan in the late XVIII-early XX centuries. In 1788, Empress Catherine II created the first and only body that united all Muslims of Inner Russia and Kazakhstan –the Orenburg Muftiate. On September 22, 1788, a nominal decree of the Empress was adopted "On the definition of mullahs and other spiritual ranks of the Mohammedan law, and on the establishment of a spiritual assembly in Ufa to manage all spiritual ranks." Thus, the Muslim clergy was placed under the control of the state, which completely determined its personnel composition. If we take into account that freedom of religion already existed in Russia, then this decree established a mechanism for the supervision of clergy, while the main focus was on their loyalty to the Russian state. According to the status, the Orenburg Muftiate was entrusted with the following issues: to give fatwas on the fidelity or wrongness of acts in religious affairs, the acceptance of examinations from persons appointed to thepositions of akhuns, mukhtasibs, mudaris, khatibs, imams and muezzins who were appointed to the positions of performing duties under Sharia. In the eyes of the missionaries, it was the Orenburg Muftiate represented by the Muslim clergy that was the main tool for turning the sedentary and nomadic population of the Lower Volga, Steppes and Siberia into Muslims.
THE HISTORY OF THE FORMATION OF THE KAZAKH-RUSSIAN BORDER IN THE 20-s OF THE XX CENTURY
Authors:   Center  for  Chinese  and  Asian  Studies  of  the  Astana  International  Scientific  Complex.  Republic  of Kazakhstan, Nur-Sultan, Kozhirova S.B. , Bykov A.Y. ,   Singapore Academy of Corporate Management, Russian Federation, Moscow, Nechayeva Y.L. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Republic of Kazakhstan, Nur-Sultan
Published: November 2022

In the history of the formation of Kazakhstan's borders, the period of the 20s of the twentieth century is of particular importance. After the October Revolution of 1917, it was important for the new Soviet state to change the existing administrative-territorial division, taking into account the political and economic tasks that it faced. The article shows the contradictory and ambiguous process of national-territorial demarcation of the Soviet republics, which resulted in the ethnic-territorial and state consolidation of the Kazakh people. Based on the analysis of extensive historiography, various approaches to understanding the processes of transformation of state borders and border territories, conditions and factors determining them are analyzed. The study of archival materials and documentary sources made it possible to reconstruct the complex and nonlinear process of the formation of the Kazakh-Russian border and to show the contribution of the leaders of "Alash" to the unification of the Kazakh lands as part of the Kyrgyz (Kazakh) Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic.
CONTRIBUTION OF THESTATE PROGRAMS OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN "MADENI MURA" ("CULTURAL HERITAGE"), "HALYK TARIKH TOLKYNINDA" ("PEOPLE IN THE FLOW OF HISTORY"), "RUKHANI ZHANGYRU", "ARCHIVE –2025" TO THE STUDY OF THE HISTORY AND CULTURE OF THE KAZAKH STATEHOOD
Authors:   Republican  Center  for  the  Study  of  Historical  Materials  at  the  R.B.  Suleimenov  Institute  of  Oriental Studies MES RK. Almaty, Kazakhstan, Abuseitova M.K.
Published: November 2022

The specifics of the problems of Kazakh Oriental studies are connected with the historical and perspective role of the country, which occupies a key position in the system of interrelations of civilizations of the East and West. The geopolitical situation of Kazakhstan, the multinational composition of the population, the state of development of ethnic identity and national idea pose the problem of a deep, versatile, free from speculative, abstract and simplified approaches to studying the history and dynamics of the development of statehood and problems in the context of the history of the countries and peoples of Eurasia. Over the past thirty years, the historical science in the post-Soviet space has been actively working on an objective revision of many issues, in particular, related to the problems of statehood, identity, preservation of cultural identity, historical cultural heritage. Historical science has acquired a new qualitative characteristic, defined in the form of new approaches to scientific problems, free creative search, as well as increased interest in the problems of ethnogenesis, statehood, nomadic studies, religious studies, international relations and common historical heritage.
Mean-Based Efficient Hybrid Numerical Method For Solving First-Order
Ordinary Differential Equations
Authors: Ram Tulja
Published: November 2022

The center of interest of this work is to introduce a mean-based efficient hybrid numerical method for solving first-order ordinary differential equations with initial conditions. This method is generated by the mean of the modified slope of modified Euler’s method and the mean of main incremental functions of RK-2 method and a second-order
contra harmonic mean method. The factors related to the numerical method have been analyzed to observe its performance and found that the method satisfies all its factors. It also performs with better accuracy than modified Euler’s methods, a second stage second-order contra harmonic mean method, and RK-2 method. The proposed
method performed with better accuracy than the existing methods, but it is also better workable on some other second-order well-known methods.
Research status of vitiligo models
Authors:   Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, 233000, China., Zhao Yi-lu , Kang Ge ,   Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, 233000, China., Zhang Ru-zhi ,   Department of Dermatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China.
Published: November 2022

Vitiligo is a multifactorial autoimmune disease characterized by depigmentation of the skin and mucous membranes. The etiology and pathogenesis of vitiligo are not yet fully understood. The establishment of suitable vitiligo models will facilitate studies of the pathogenesis and therapeutic treatments of vitiligo. At present, vitiligo models have usually been established by treatment with chemical substances such as monobenzone and hydroquinone, and by the exogenous injection of CD8+ T cells into transgenic mice. Those models have their own advantages and disadvantages, and are suitable for different types of research. In addition to animal models, many drug-induced types of vitiligo have been found clinically, such as vitiligo-like skin lesions caused by some chemotherapy drugs, antiepileptic drugs and antifungal drugs. This article will describe some methods used to establish vitiligo models, to detect biomarkers associated with vitiligo, and will discuss the application of vitiligo models.
Post-COVID-19 polyautoimmunity (pancytopenia, hypothyroidism): A case report
Authors:   Resident PGY1, Department of Internal Medicine, KPC Global Health, Hemet, California, USA., Felix Roman H , Barve Pranav R ,   Associate Program Director, Department of Internal Medicine, KPC Global Health, Hemet, California, USA.
Published: November 2022

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-associated pancytopenia and hypothyroidism are known but rare complications of COVID-19 syndrome that are not well described in literature, particularly when manifested simultaneously. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has shown the potential to affect any organ including the hematopoietic and endocrine system, which then results in a decrease in all three blood cell lines, hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. These cases usually resolve with the passage of time and treatment of underlying risk factors. As COVID pneumonia rates continue to increase worldwide, it is crucial to be able to recognize these complications. Additionally, deeper investigation into a patient’s response to COVID infection can be complicated by unexpected underlying diseases.
Digital communication through COVID: A free NHS app for patients with type 1 diabetes improves accessibility and self-management
Authors:   Forth Valley Royal Hospital, Larbert, UK., KE Griffin , M Jabbal ,   Forth Valley Royal Hospital, Larbert, UK., E Turtle ,   Forth Valley Royal Hospital, Larbert, UK.
Published: November 2022

Self-management of chronic disease is increasingly being recognised as an essential tool in chronic disease management. During the pandemic, face-to-face diabetes clinics were suspended, and resources were focussed on delivery of urgent care only. A free NHS app was created to virtually deliver information on every aspect of type 1 diabetes management and to promote patient self-management. The App included an Alerts function to keep patients up-to-date with changes to the service. The aim of this study is to investigate patient perceptions of the App.
STEM Education-Based Learning Management for Creative Thinking Development: Length Measurement Lessons of Grade 3 Students
Authors: Prasertsang Parichart , Komal Autchareya , Nilvon Sayfon , Worapun Wittaya , Lamjuanjit Yuttachak
Published: November 2022

The main purpose of this research was to develop 3rd grade students’ creativity to meet a criterion of 70% by using the STEM Education-based learning management. The target sample included six 3rd grade students of Dongsankaewdongsamran School, Chanuman District, Amnat Charoen Province, Thailand. This research took place in the second semester in the academic year 2020. The design of this research was action research conducted in two cycles. The research instruments were 1) two lesson plans based on the STEM Education-based learning management, 2) the Torrance Test of Creative Thinking (TTCT), 3) a student behavior observation form, and 4) an interview form. Statistics for data collection were mean and percentages. The results showed that in cycle 1 the STEM Education-based learning management improved four students (66.67%) to pass the criterion of 70%. In cycle 2, two students passed the criterion of 70%. All of them finally passed the criterion (100.00%). In conclusion, the STEM Education-based learning management can promote and develop students’ creativity in each cycle.
Assessment of Mental Training Levels of Individual and Team Athletes in Terms of Some Variables
Authors: Yüksel Öznur , Orhan Özlem
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine whether individual and team athletes’ mental training levels differ in terms of variables such as age, gender, sports age and being a national team athlete. This study used quantitative research methods, relational survey and descriptive survey models. A total of 700 individual and team athletes, 358 women (ages 22.48±3.20 years) and 342 men (ages 22.36±18-28 3.27 years), participated in the study voluntarily. “The Sport Mental Training Questionnaire (SMTQ)”, adapted into Turkish by Yarayan and Ilhan (2018), and demographic information form were applied as a data collection tool. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test and one-way variance analysis ANOVA tests were used in the analysis and interpretation of the obtained data. After the Anova test, Tukey test was performed as a complementary post-hoc analysis to determine the differences. According to the statistical analysis results, the interpersonal skill scores of persons doing team sports were determined to be higher than those doing individual sports. It was revealed that the scores of male athletes’ mental performance and mental basic skills were higher than that of women athletes while women’s interpersonal skills and self-talking points were higher than men. A statistically significant difference was established in the mental training scores of the athletes according to the variables of age, sports age and being a national team athlete (p < 0.05).
Rapporto INAPP 2022
Authors:   Inapp
Published: November 2022

A seguito dell’emergenza sanitaria, che ha stravolto il sistema economico e sociale del nostro Paese, riaffiorano gli scogli di un mercato del lavoro in cui l’occupazione sembra essersi incagliata da anni. Malgrado la spinta delle nuove tecnologie e delle nuove modalità organizzative, restano i nodi di un’occupazione sempre più atipica e con sofferenze retributive. Un supporto potrebbe venire dalla formazione, che mostra una ricca offerta di percorsi, cui tuttavia non corrisponde una altrettanto forte partecipazione, mentre le competenze stentano ad allinearsi alle esigenze produttive. In tale contesto, le categorie più deboli restano più esposte al rischio crescente di disagio e povertà, mentre aumentano le disuguaglianze e si manifesta la necessità di un aggiornamento dei sistemi di welfare. A questo si aggiunge una congiuntura eccezionalmente sfavorevole che va a incidere su debolezze ormai croniche e dove emerge chiara l’urgenza di interventi mirati e strutturali.
Seriously Comic Vision: “Hop-Frog” and the Book of Esther
Authors: Anderson Judith Ellen
Published: November 2022

It is a “terrible” subject Poe admits in a letter to Annie Richmond about his latest story, “Hop-Frog.” It may seem surprising, therefore, to find that the book of Esther is an influential source for this tale and its subject. Yet, as this article argues, this biblical story’s footprints are discernable. Esther’s comedic characterizations, motifs, diction, and stylistic approaches reappear in Poe’s story, often with striking similitude. However, in accordance with his stated criteria for originality and his bent toward ironic opposition, Poe upends the biblical account. Esther’s story of heroic reversals aided by divine providence in a joyful triumph over monarchical oppression and death becomes a dark counternarrative of human madness and vengeance on a godless stage. The seriocomic vision in “Hop-Frog” retains the outlines and substance of its original source but in the form of a negative image with a distinctly original effect.
Influence of Face Mask and Tropical Climate on Subjective States: Affect, Motivation, and Selective Attention
Authors: Robin Nicolas , Dominique Laurent , Hue Olivier
Published: November 2022

We investigated whether face mask wearing in a hot and humid environment would influence subjective states: motivation, affect, and the performance of cognitive tasks requiring attentional processes. Forty volunteers performed the tasks under 4 repeated conditions: in an air-conditioned (AC) room or a tropical climate (TC; hot and wet environment) while wearing a mask or not (counterbalanced). For each condition, they completed questionnaires on subjective states (affect, motivation, and attentional processes) by performing the Bells and d2 tests, and a comparison of men and women was an indirect focus of this study. Results showed that the participants had higher sensations of fatigue, thermal discomfort, and a negative affect when wearing a mask in the TC condition. Additionally, lower performance scores were noted in the Bells test when participants wore a mask in a TC compared with all other conditions. Lastly, the participants’ performance on the d2 test involving selective and sustained attention improved without a mask in AC and in TC conditions. Consequently, the results revealed that wearing a mask in a TC can induce anxiety, headaches, discomfort, and lower motivation.