bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Robert Falco, exclu sous Vichy parce que Juif, puis juge des criminels nazis à Nuremberg
Authors: Jean Jean-Paul
Published: April 2021

Résumé Robert Falco (1882-1960) a connu un destin exceptionnel. Homme de culture, avocat puis brillant magistrat du parquet, il a été exclu par le Régime de Vichy en 1940 parce que Juif. Réintégré à la Libération, il a négocié pour la France les accords de Londres créant le Tribunal militaire international avant de siéger à Nuremberg comme juge adjoint dans le procès des dignitaires nazis. Son Journal , publié en 2012, constitue un témoignage inédit du procès, vu de l'intérieur. Robert Falco termina sa carrière à la Cour de cassation où il fût le rapporteur inspiré de l'arrêt de révision de la condamnation de Baudelaire en 1857 pour Les fleurs du mal .
Les décisions disciplinaires du Conseil supérieur de la magistrature vues par le Conseil d'État (II)
Authors: Lapouble Jean-Christophe
Published: April 2021

Résumé L'examen des décisions rendues par le Conseil d'État fait apparaître un contrôle restreint qui n'est pas sans interroger compte tenu de la nature des décisions prises et des personnes visées. Parfois, le pourvoi en cassation n'est même pas admis alors même que le nombre de décisions examinées est faible. Par ailleurs, il est possible de s'interroger sur le fait que l'insuffisance professionnelle relève du régime des sanctions disciplinaires, alors que cela relève d'un régime différent pour les fonctionnaires.
Juger les juges des juges
Authors: Gillet Jean-Louis
Published: April 2021

Résumé Ce développement procède d'une réflexion sur le régime actuel des recours juridictionnels dont peuvent être assorties les décisions disciplinaires prises à l'égard des juges de l'ordre judiciaire. Il fait suite à la chronique de Jean-Christophe Lapouble, « Les décisions disciplinaires du Conseil supérieur de la magistrature vues par le Conseil d'État » , publiée dans le n° 3/2020 des Cahiers de la justice 1 , page 507 et suivantes et dont la seconde partie figure dans ce numéro. Cet auteur, dans une analyse détaillée et opportune constituant à notre connaissance une première, se réfère aux textes des codes et des décisions rendues, esquissant notamment un intéressant parallèle avec les principes disciplinaires applicables aux juges administratifs.
La visioconférence en procédure pénale à l'heure de la Covid-19
Authors: Rousvoal Laurent
Published: April 2021

Résumé La gestion de la crise sanitaire conduit au développement de la visioconférence en procédure pénale. La dérogation au droit commun en forme un instrument privilégié. Cependant, l'analyse technique en termes d'exception ne doit pas tromper. Le dispositif conçu pour le temps singulier de la crise s'inscrit dans la politique juridique déployée avec constance depuis bientôt vingt ans. Partant, le droit spécial forme une étape de la transformation du système juridique plutôt qu'une suspension de celle-ci, ce malgré les insuffisances du droit d'exception pointées par Conseil d'État et Conseil constitutionnel. La chose peut inquiéter : le défi que cette mutation pose au modèle du procès équitable n'est toujours pas relevé.
La fin de l’exception allemande ?
Authors: Fœssel Michaël
Published: April 2021

Longtemps épargnée par les crises, l’Allemagne est rattrapée, depuis quelques mois, par les conséquences de l’épidémie. Le pays fait ainsi l’apprentissage de sa propre vulnérabilité, qui se traduit par l’émergence de tendances eurosceptiques.
Changer d’État
Authors: Schmid Lucile
Published: April 2021

Changer d’État est une ardente obligation face au malaise démocratique. Il est indispensable que l’État quitte son entre-soi et se rapproche de la société.
L’État face à son impuissance
Authors: Febvre-Issaly Matthieu
Published: April 2021

La gestion politique de la crise sanitaire, marquée par un réflexe autoritaire et centralisateur, pourrait disposer d’une plus grande légitimité démocratique en partant du local, à l’inspiration du socialisme municipal.
Que peuvent faire les collectivités ?
Authors: Rolland Johanna , Dujin Anne , Régnier Quentin , Schmid Lucile
Published: April 2021

Pour la maire de Nantes, la crise sanitaire a révélé la capacité à faire des collectivités territoriales, d’un point de vue stratégique, opérationnel, mais aussi démocratique. Elle plaide ainsi pour plus de décentralisation.
Les impasses de l’État stratège
Authors: Soriano Sébastien
Published: April 2021

L’État stratège, inspiré de l’entreprise privée dans les années 1990, connaît une tendance technocratique. Il pourrait laisser place à un État en réseau, qui mette en mouvement les forces du terrain, en particulier dans la transition écologique.
De nouveau, un homme
Authors: Farhi William
Published: April 2021

La culture juive, comme la littérature rabbinique, véhiculent des conceptions alternatives de l’homme, qui font office de « masculinités de résistance » face aux modèles occidentaux. Or l’État d’Israël paraît rompre avec cet héritage pour embrasser des idéaux conventionnels de virilité, marqués par trois figures symboliques : le soldat, le pionnier et le chef.
L’entrée de l’apatridie dans le droit international
Authors: Goussef Catherine
Published: April 2021

L’effondrement des empires dans le contexte de la Première Guerre mondiale est à l’origine d’un afflux de réfugiés à travers l’Europe. Les plus nombreux sont les Russes qui, en fuyant l’État bolchevique, se voient déchus de leur nationalité. Cette situation impose à la toute nouvelle Société des Nations d’instaurer d’urgence des mécanismes de protection pour ces sans-papiers et de créer, dans le cadre du droit international, un statut juridique de l’apatride.
L’apatridie rrom en Europe
Authors: de Verneuil Maylis
Published: April 2021

Aujourd’hui, on compte encore 15000 personnes dépourvues de documents d’identité et de toute forme de protection étatique en Europe. Si la dissolution de l’Union soviétique et de la Yougoslavie, et l’attribution partielle de nouvelles nationalités par les États successeurs aux populations résidant sur leur territoire peuvent expliquer l’existence d’apatrides sur le continent, le problème persiste au sein de la communauté rrom en raison des discriminations qu’elle subit.
La mer montera, des États disparaîtront…
Authors: Piguet Étienne
Published: April 2021

Est-ce qu’un État submergé cesse d’être un État ? Dans ce cas, à quel moment ses resssortissant·es risquent-ils ou elles l’apatridie ? Ces questions n’ont rien de rhétorique dans un contexte où le réchauffement climatique – induit par l’activité humaine – entraîne l’élévation du niveau des mers. Plusieurs États insulaires sont d’ores et déjà concernés. L’apatridie climatique n’est toujours pas reconnue dans le droit international et aucune solution n’a encore émergé quant à l’installation – spatiale et juridique – des populations menacées.
Dénaturaliser au risque de l’apatridie ?
Authors: Fargues Émilien
Published: April 2021

Sous prétexte de lutter contre le terrorisme et contre la fraude dans les procédures d’immigration, de nombreux gouvernements remettent aujourd’hui en question la prévention de l’apatridie en menaçant les personnes jugées indésirables de dénaturalisation. Au cours de ces vingt dernières années, malgré des engagements internationaux et des débats politiques similaires, la France et le Royaume-Uni ont suivi des trajectoires différentes et les protections que chacun accorde aux personnes naturalisées en matière de prévention de l’apatridie diffèrent significativement.
Change and Continuity in Economic Methodology and Philosophy of Economics
Authors: Davis John B.
Published: April 2021

Cet article présente mes réflexions en leur état au début de l’année 2020 quant à la situation de la méthodologie économique et de la philosophie de l’économie (ou philosophie économique), après quinze années passées à la co-direction (avec Wade Hands) du Journal of Economic Methodology . J’y constate les changements des méta-champs de recherche que sont la méthodologie et la philosophie de l’économie, depuis leur surgissement comme sous-domaines au sein des sciences économiques durant les années 1980. En usant d’une analyse qui prend en considération l’évolution technologique, j’y distingue deux scenarii envisageables pour l’avenir du champ, en rapport aux facteurs de l’environnement l’impactant, et quant à l’influence de la spécialisation croissante de la recherche, à la fois sur ce champ même et sur les sciences économiques ; j’élabore enfin une argumentation transdisciplinaire touchant son évolution future vers la diversité et la pluralité dans la recherche académique.
Transitions and bifurcations of Darcy-Brinkman-Marangoni convection
Authors: Pan Zhigang , Mao Yiqiu , Wang Quan , Yang Yuchen
Published: April 2021

This study examines dynamic transitions of Brinkman equation coupled with the thermal diffusion equation modeling the surface tension driven convection in porous media. First, we show that the equilibrium of the equation loses its linear stability if the Marangoni number is greater than a threshold, and the corresponding principle of exchange stability (PES) condition is then verified. Second, we establish the nonlinear transition theorems describing the possible transition types associated with the linear instability of the equilibrium by applying the center manifold theory to reduce the infinite dynamical system to a finite dimensional one together with several non-dimensional transition numbers. Finally, careful numerical computations are performed to determine the sign of these transition numbers as well as related transition types. Our result indicates that the system favors all three types of transitions. Unlike the buoyancy forces driven convections, jump and mixed type transition can occur at certain parameter regimes.
Thermal Nationalism: the Climate and House Design Program in Australia (1944-1960)
Authors: Ryan Daniel J.
Published: April 2021

Uncovering how the mitigation of heat came to dominate discussions on the thermal performance of buildings in Australia provides an entry into how climate and comfort became politicized, scientized and instrumentalized in the middle of the twentieth century. The paper examines research on Climate and House Design in Australia at the end of World War Two and looks at how research connected with the problem of heat in homes served Australia’s interests both at home and abroad. Concentrating on the efforts of Douglas H.K. Lee, the Commonwealth Housing Commission and Commonwealth Experimental Building Station, the article examines tensions between ideas of nation, region, and climate and how attempts to rationalize material choice according to physiological and thermal criteria served to create a range of hybrid forms of construction and house designs. This hybridity can also be seen in how Australian building research at this time helped straddle discourses on tropical and bioclimatic architecture.
Geospatial Technology in Urban Sprawl Assessment
Authors: Mohanty Srutisudha , Panda Jagabandhu , Rath Sudhansu S.
Published: April 2021

The emergence of alienated patch in the periphery of the city or fragmentation of the main city are the results of irresponsible and poor planning. This global problem of sprawl is strengthening even more with the hasty pace of urbanization. Despite the existing policies and regulations, it is a huge failure to control the sprawl. Hence, city planners and policy makers need to be more efficient in designing the cities to achieve sustainable development goals. For that purpose, adequate and informative data of the urban morphology, growth pattern, sprawl characteristics are required. Geospatial technology is a cost-effective measure and best among currently available techniques for collecting real-time/near real-time geographical data of the entire globe. The geographic information system (GIS) provides numerous tools for assessment of multidimensionality of urban sprawl. This chapter discusses various urban models, different forms of urban expansion, and a few existing methods to quantify sprawl.
Application of Conventional UAVs for the Identification and Classification of Dense Green Spaces
Authors: Roca Josep , Arellano Blanca
Published: April 2021

The objective of this chapter is to show the usefulness of conventional UAVs for the identification, inventory, and classification of trees in the context of dense green spaces. The aim is to demonstrate the potential of low-cost drones (with traditional red, green, blue [RGB] sensors) to identify and classify trees in public parks. A case study is discussed on Turó Parc in Barcelona, in which a 3D model was developed and an exercise to identify and classify the vegetation was carried out using the information provided by a UAV. The example confirms that conventional drones could be useful for studying green urban spaces characterized by a high density of plant species. Non-professional UAVs have a potential that should not be undervalued, as they enable three-dimensional point clouds to be obtained of high spatial density.
Corporate Governance as a Tool for Fraud Mitigation
Authors: Maravelaki Antonia , Zopounidis Constantin , Lemonakis Christos , Passas Ioannis
Published: April 2021

Financial fraud through the falsification of financial statements is an evident problem. The restatement is enormous, and there have been developed many approaches to confront it. Profits manipulation has reached alarming proportions worldwide. The tendency of management to present a misleading image based on accounting weaknesses and gaps, to present accounting results as it wishes and not as it should according to the accounting standards, is essentially a key feature of profit manipulation. The executives' motives to falsify financial results and creative accounting practices have concerned researchers and their efforts to identify the necessary changes and improvements in accounting systems to protect the stakeholders and the public from misleading information.
What Did We learn?
Authors: Curry Kristal , Horn Suzanne Elizabeth
Published: April 2021

In this chapter, the authors present reflections on survey data completed by spring 2020 student teachers whose placement was interrupted by the early months of the COVID-19 crisis. The authors studied three phenomena of interest. First, how prepared the spring 2020 student teachers feel they were during the mandated switch to virtual instruction. Second, what were the specific concerns and triumphs of student teachers during this time period? And third, what do student teachers think their program should do to prepare future teachers for the situation in which they found themselves? The study found that respondents were less concerned with skills and tools related to technology and more in need of practice considering the expectations and accountability requirements in virtual learning. In addition, the survey revealed areas of concern related to social emotional learning, suggesting intentional coursework in these strategies would benefit future teachers in times of uncertainty.
COVID-19 and the Impact on the UK's HEI Students From an Imposed Virtual Learning Environment
Authors: Khan Muzammal Ahmad
Published: April 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has witnessed an unprecedented disruption in global education. The sudden imposition of a lockdown led to rapid changes being made to learning, teaching, and assessment (LTA) approaches used by universities and other educational institutions, and added stress and anxiety to many students and academics. This chapter uses the findings from an online questionnaire to assess the impact of these changes on students at UK universities. It considers both their quantitative and qualitative responses to identify the key issues they faced and, in examining their experiences, allowing recommendations to be made to universities on how they can improve the support for their students. These recommendations are developed from those which the student participants themselves suggest.
A Reflection of Transitioning to Online Learning
Authors: Horn Suzanne Elizabeth
Published: April 2021

This chapter is one teacher's reflection of moving from totally in-person teaching to online teaching. In her chapter, she discusses key items to consider when teaching online and resources that are helpful to teachers. Teachers that are searching for information from a colleague's perspective would benefit from reading this chapter. Those that have started online teaching and have had some missteps will also find this chapter helpful. The author offers insights and resources for teachers to examine in their own journey of teaching during a pandemic.
Optimizing Student Engagement in a Virtual Environment
Authors: Petroff Patrice D. , Bush Stacey
Published: April 2021

The purpose of the chapter was to investigate current student engagement in a virtual classroom with the lens of exploring high engagement strategies in conjunction with learning styles and diversity in a virtual classroom. The authors researched three different educators' experiences with virtual learning and strategies they have used including their current learning management system (LMS). The chapter highlights potential strategies and next steps for moving forward and increasing the reflection on creation of new lessons for students both asynchronous and synchronous that include strategies, and tasks educators with refocusing to include learning styles and diversity.
Breakthroughs in Information Technology and Their Implications for Education and Health
Authors: Shi Xinwei , Lei Jian
Published: April 2021

This chapter reviews the major developments in information technology (IT) since 2000 and the contributions these developments have made to industrial growth. Recently, big data, the internet of things, artificial intelligence, the fifth-generation mobile communications (5G), and other new network-based IT are accelerating the promotion and application of new business models, new formats, and new sectors. IT has become the main driving force of the digital economy. The chapter also discusses likely IT breakthroughs during 2021-40 and the potential opportunities these developments might bring in the education, health, and other sectors. It is expected that the new generation of IT will be driven by the 5G/6G, the internet of everything, and artificial superintelligence.
Removing the Constraints of Disability
Authors: Tannous Wadad Kathy , McGrew Laney
Published: April 2021

One billion people globally live with disabilities that are physical, sensory, psychiatric, neurological, cognitive, or intellectual. Their disabilities are dynamic and can be temporary or permanent, singular or plural, from birth or developed, and can change over time. People with disabilities face barriers to economic, social, political, and cultural participation. Assistive technology, artificial intelligence, and broader technology can amplify their inclusion, participation, and independence. This chapter will highlight emerging and evolving technologies, rooted in machine learning and neural networks, which assist across different disabilities and seek to improve the user's sense of ability and independence. These include Seeing AI app, OXSIGHT, OrCam, Envision smart glasses, and Dot Watch for vision impairment; Ava app and cognitive hearing aid for hearing impairment; Liftware self-stabilising utensils for limited hand mobility; Eyegaze and Tobii – assistive technologies that allow users to control computer and smartphone screens with their eyes; and 3D printed prosthetics.
Analyzing Jordan Peele's Get Out With Fanonism
Authors: Akiner Nurdan
Published: April 2021

The colonial discourse racially defined the others and distinguished between people regarded as barbarous, infidels, and savage, such as the inhabitants of America and Africa. The formal abolition of slavery has not been the solution for Blacks, but they have often been subjected to the domination of sovereign ideology at different social life levels. The dominant ideology in USA is also influential in representing Blacks in the cultural industry. This chapter examines the 2017 film Get Out, directed by Jordan Peele, as an example of the recent diversity positive trend in Hollywood. Peele is the first Black screenwriter to win the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay. The film was analyzed by Roland Barthes's semiotics theory and Frantz Fanon's critical theory Fanonism. This research shows that Get Out is truly a Black renaissance in Hollywood. The signs of racism skillfully placed in the film were analyzed by focusing on denotative and connotative meanings, and the racial oppression faced by African-Americans throughout history was revealed by regarding Fanonism.
Aguirre, Caché, and Creating Anti-Colonialist Puzzles
Authors: Yüksekdağ Yusuf
Published: April 2021

This chapter explores the anti-colonial narrative potential of certain works of cinema taking Aguirre, the Wrath of God and Caché as a case in point. To do so, this chapter first and mainly draws upon the theoretical and normative lens put forward by Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak on the representation of the colonized other and her resulting political and intellectual call for self-reflection on one's privileged Western intellectual positioning. This lens has many normative implications for the ways in which the colonized subject and colonial history are discussed and represented. The partial lack of representation of the colonized other in Aguirre, the Wrath of God leaves the subjectivity of the colonizer in crisis and madness. Second, the narrative of Caché is explored and it is suggested that it resembles the rhetoric of Foucauldian disciplinary power of surveillance turned upside-down thus enforcing the complicit of colonialism to question her privilege.
Orientalism and Hollywood
Authors: Sinha Subir
Published: April 2021

Orientalism is a broad concept of cultural studies which is nurtured with the fabricated stereotypical images of the Middle East and the Eastern world that were developed or imagined by the West. Edward. W. Said strengthens the concept of the ‘Orientalism' by his wide explanation and discussion about the Orient. However, Hollywood cinema shows an imprint of Orientalism while depicting the Indian scenario. Hollywood cinema with Indian set up shows several fabricated stereotypical concepts related to India and Indian society. The stereotypical concepts are mainly related to the Indian tradition, customs, rituals, poverty, illiteracy, etc. Even they use various beautiful landscape and Indian music in their own ways to give mystic charms to their cinema. Recently it was recognised that the stereotypical concepts about India and Indian society are changing rapidly in Hollywood cinemas which try to justify that the concept of Orientalism is changing with the passage of time or with the arrival of modernity.
Representing and Othering Oriental Women After 9/11
Authors: Telseren Aslı
Published: April 2021

This chapter aims to analyze the reconstruction of the otherness of oriental women in the post-9/11 era via an analysis of the representations of the oriental women in Body of Lies (2008). To examine this subject, the shifts in orientalist discourse in this period, the neo-orientalist context, and ideological functions of Hollywood are considered from a postcolonial feminist approach. Considering the specific position attributed to oriental women in the post-9/11 era, this chapter examines how Hollywood conveys gender and race relations through the construction and reconstruction of oriental women images and attempt to show how these images have participated in the reconstruction of the otherness of oriental women after the 9/11 attacks through the analysis of Body of Lies.
Reiterative Presentation of the East in Western-Produced Video Games
Authors: Al Halabi Gina , Süngü Ertuğrul
Published: April 2021

Today's video game industry is full of examples of games that showcase Oriental stereotypes repetitively and portray them with the typical passive, barbaric, and violent perception. The methodology of this study builds its structure on that problem by gathering data from a conducted survey that focuses on video gamers based in the Middle East, with the aim of exploring how the reiteration of the stereotypical portrayal of the Orient in video games produced by the West affect people's perception of the Orient. The data then gathered will be analyzed according to Carla Willig's approach of the Foucauldian discourse analysis using six stages: (1) discursive constructions, (2) discourses, (3) action orientation, (4) positionings, (5) practice, and (6) subjectivity. The analysis's main limits and strengths will then be taken into consideration, and recommendations will be suggested based on the results of the analysis.
Transmedia Storytelling in Advertising
Authors: Karcı Huri Deniz
Published: April 2021

Otherization has been executed in both Orientalism and Occidentalism for a long time. People have always been expected to choose either side in a binary opposition such as “mother or father,” “male or female,” “destiny or coincidence,” “pasta or pizza,” “Fenerbahce or Galatasaray,” etc. However, the human itself is the balance of those binary oppositions such as “good and bad,” “normal and abnormal,” “optimistic and pessimistic,” etc. In this respect, this chapter offered a new term, “medientalism,” indicating advertizing as a possible alternative medium to mediate between otherized opposites such as gender, race, ideology, lifestyle, religion within the fame of the opposition between Orientalism and Occidentalism. As a result, transmedia storytelling, a persuasive multiplatform strategy to reach the audience by telling stories, was suggested as a functional tool to employ in spreading the idea of mediation between otherized opposites.
The West-East From Two Children's Points of View
Authors: Özdemir Murat
Published: April 2021

This study discussed whether the media is a tool that produces orientalist representations and whether the media is effective in the internalization of orientalism. The aim of the study is to identify the orientalist discourse in the language and culture of the media through discourse analysis method, and to discuss the effects of the media on the formation of self-orientalism as well as the instrumentality of the media on this issue. In the study, a sample of the documentary named Istanbul and Bristol in 1971 From Two Children's Point of View, which is a co-production of BBC-TRT, was taken, and the documentary was analysed with the orientalist discourse analysis method of Edward Said. As a result of the research, it was seen that the media has a discourse that alienates Eastern culture and is also a tool in the production and internalization of orientalism.
The History of Unreason
Authors: Teague Samuel , Robinson Peter
Published: April 2021

This chapter reflects on the importance of the historical narrative of mental illness, arguing that Western countries have sought new ways to confine the mentally ill in the post-asylum era, namely through the effects of stigma and medicalization. The walls are invisible, when once they were physical. The chapter outlines how health and illness can be understood as socially constructed illustrating how mental health has been constructed uniquely across cultures and over time. To understand this process more fully, it is necessary to consider the history of madness, a story of numerous social flashpoints. The trajectories of two primary mental health narratives are charted in this chapter. The authors argue that these narratives have played, and continue to play, an important role in the social construction of mental illness. These narratives are “confinement” and “individual responsibility.” Drawing on the work of Michel Foucault and Roy Porter, the authors describe how Western culture has come to consider the mentally ill as a distinct, abnormal other.
Special Issue
Authors: Bender Sara , Hill Karlie
Published: April 2021

Misconceptions regarding the cause(s) of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) has led to a number of prejudices against those with such diagnoses. A fear of being the object of prejudicial attitudes and behaviors leaves many individuals concerned about the social stigma of a STI diagnosis. This, in turn, may leave people unwilling to get tested or hesitant to disclose their diagnosis to others, which may fuel the spread of such infections. In addition to the numerous medical concerns associated with STIs, the psychological consequences of STIs are notable as well. Understanding the stigma related to STIs is an important step towards improving the mental health of people with such diagnoses. This chapter provides the reader with an overview of STI diagnoses, and an explanation of their physical and mental health consequences. The chapter continues by examining the three types of stigma as well as their components. Finally, the chapter offers a number of suggestions regarding how to combat STI stigma, which may be extrapolated to combat other forms of stigma affecting mental health.
Mental Health
Authors: Ali Shazia , Samie Amat Us , Ali Asma , Bhat Aashiq Hussain , Mir Tariq , Prasad Barre V.
Published: April 2021

Global health issues are a global burden and are relatively common in industrialized societies. The World Health Organization and researchers have developed and rebuilt tools to report the burden of disease affecting mortality and health of the people. Apart from America and Europe, which are at an average of global burden for mental health disease, in some regions it is a major priority to be addressed globally. In South East Asia, one of the affected regions is Kashmir, Northern Indian. Disasters have manifested in various forms encompassing the natural calamities of earthquake, flood, landslides and manmade calamities of violence. Trauma due to manmade calamities has taken over as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among the most productive working age group of 12-35 years. The chapter aims to understand the patterns of resilience in people surviving war and conflict in Kashmir over last 60 years. The focus is on the young population of society. Generations in Kashmir have faced the psychosocial impact of ongoing political conflict since the 1980's.
Attitude Training for Police Cadets
Authors: Mann Bruce L.
Published: April 2021

The news has not been good for mental health training programs for police in Australia, Canada, the U.S., and the UK. Police training is seen as inadequate to prepare police officers to identify and deal with persons with a mental illness. This chapter describes one approach of writing a proposal to conduct a comparison of attitude-training programs with police cadets. The main aspects of writing a proposal are covered: the background, problem statement, hypothesis, and the design of the treatments for comparison. Isolating the main features of each treatment requires designing some instruction based on factors that can influence police attitude toward suspects with a mental illness. Contemporary design guidelines are recommended, which should be informed by the designer's personal assumptions about how people learn from multimedia.
Digital Heath Interventions in Mental Health
Authors: Stanimirovic Aleksandra
Published: April 2021

Technological renaissance of the last century stimulated the application of digital interventions in the healthcare domain. Digital healthcare interventions (DHIs) could be implemented through smartphone applications (apps), remote monitoring and tracking devices, and wearable computers. Technology is positioned to transform how mental healthcare is delivered and accessed. In fact, remote active and passive monitoring of parameters, such as mood, activity, and sleep, could be integrated with therapeutic interventions. However, the transformation entails combined conscription of science, regulation, and design. Implementation, adoption, and evaluation of DHI present special challenges. This chapter presents brief history of DHIs in mental health and frameworks an evaluation strategy in terms of the appropriate methods required for appraisal of DHIs.
Narrative Therapy to Address Trauma for Emergency Medical Services and Firefighters
Authors: DeDiego Amanda C. , Farrell Isabel C. , McGrath Andrea M.
Published: April 2021

First responders, including Emergency Medical Services personnel and firefighters, support community members in times of crisis. When responding to emergencies, first responders often experience both direct and vicarious trauma. Over time, the pace and intensity of a career as a first responder leads to poor health habits and high risk for mental health issues including posttraumatic stress disorder. Due to concern about peer perception and mental health stigma, these professionals are less likely to seek mental health supports to manage and process trauma. This chapter explores Narrative Therapy as an ideal option for mental health treatment of first responder trauma, providing a collaborative approach to therapy using the natural coping strategy of storytelling.
Activism and College Student Mental Health
Authors: Bjornsen-Ramig Abby L. , Kissinger Daniel B.
Published: April 2021

Activism on college campuses in the United States is a long-standing phenomenon rooted in the counterculture movements of the 1960s. Today, local, regional, and national issues and sociopolitical influences remain closely aligned with activism in higher education, with contemporary issues shaping student activism efforts on campus. College student activism ranges from organized marches and protests to more widespread social media campaigns, targeting issues ranging from inclusion and diversity to sexual assault and intimate partner violence. Involvement in activism can influence the mental health and overall wellness of college students who engage in these activities. This chapter focuses on contemporary activism in higher education, specifically as related to the potential impact of activism on the mental health and wellness of college student activists. Also discussed are implications for student affairs professionals, university-based mental health professionals, and higher education administrators.
Healing Together
Authors: Vuocolo Kristine
Published: April 2021

This chapter emphasizes several key concepts concerning mental illness in today's society. The author strongly believes that mental health recovery is possible and that it is an individualized journey. People struggling with mental health issues can find hope and healing through the use of artistic expression. This chapter is designed to encourage and inspire others to use everyday items and turn them into art. The author describes how collaboration can be a key ingredient to the success of the healing that takes place while doing art together.
Mental Health Issues, Wellbeing, and Related Issues Among Caregivers of Individuals With Intellectual Disability
Authors: Maiti Tanay
Published: April 2021

Caregivers are the important and integral part in the lives of people with intellectual disability. As caregiving is extensive and mostly lifelong for this population, the associated burden, stigma, and also wellbeing of the caregivers are also equally important as these are often very directly correlated with the wellbeing of the individuals with intellectual disability. The chapter focused on the issues and impacts of caregiving, mental health problems, wellbeing, and related issues of caregivers. The authors also discuss the various facets of stigma caregivers do face and ways to deal with the stigma.
From Medical Student to Medical Resident
Authors: McDonald Warren G. , Martin Matt , Salzberg Lenard D.
Published: April 2021

The transition from medical school to board-certified medical practice includes a period of intense, practical training known as medical residency. Medical residents are at risk for greater mental health distress than the general population. Interns, which are first year residents, are most at risk for, at worst, depression and suicidal ideation, and, at best, negative outlooks on the medical profession. Risk factors include role transition, decreased sleep, relocation, isolation, stigma toward mental health problems and treatment, and health care industry changes. Untreated mental health problems can lead to burnout later during a physician's career. Residents thrive on social and organisational support which can include systematic screening and treatment of mental health problems. Although research regarding best practices for addressing mental health problems during residency is limited, we offer four core strategies for preventing and addressing mental health problems in medical residents: education, screening, treatment, and support.
Interpreting in Mental Health, Anything Special?
Authors: Bot Hanneke
Published: April 2021

This article discusses some of the key issues of mental health talk in general, both in attitude as well as in words, and dwells upon the difficulties this can pose for interpreters. Subsequently, ways to deal with these difficulties are given. The issue of empathic stress is touched upon. It is argued that, with general background knowledge of disorders and treatment methods and with support to deal with emotional situations, interpreting in mental healthcare will be a very rewarding type of work. Without such preparation and ongoing support, interpreters may not always be able to join into the therapeutic communication properly, which may harm the progress of the treatment and may also hamper their own feelings of well-being and job satisfaction.
Health and Mental Health
Authors: Green Cheryl
Published: April 2021

As healthcare organizations use approaches such as structural empowerment theory and nurse residency programs to engage new graduate nurses in becoming productive members of the organizational culture, bullying and incivility experienced by these nurses can undermine organizations' efforts. Chapter 3 introduces the Reporting of Uncivil Conduct Chain of Command to provide support and direction to nurses that are experiencing bullying by perpetrators in the workplace. Unresolved and persistent uncivil conduct can result in health and mental health problems for affected nurses. Hence, in order to protect nurses' overall health and safety, it is necessary for organizations to adopt zero tolerance for bullying and incivility. Additionally, nurses may benefit from screening programs that can identify risks for self-harm secondary to stress and depression that could be caused by incivility in the workplace.
FinTech Strategies in the GCC
Authors: Tsanis Konstantinos
Published: April 2021

The Gulf states, attempting to diversify their economies, have focused largely on transforming their economies. Part of their transformation focus areas is the technology sector. FinTech is a generic term used for all financial technology developments, and has gained a lot of traction in the recent years. As Financial services is one of the main sources of GDP for the GCC states, the GCC governments have focused in promoting the FinTech entrepreneurship spirit, through different initiatives. In the chapter, the authors analyze the FinTech ecosystem development mode for all the GCC countries, focusing on understanding the reason that have made it one of the most successful FinTech ecosystems globally.
Paving the Way for the Development of FinTech Initiatives in ASEAN
Authors: Hamdan Mahani , Anshari Muhammad
Published: April 2021

Financial technology (FinTech) is not one to be ignored under any circumstances. It is not only growing as a concept but a phenomenon that has been manifested in non-financial sectors using innovative technology to bring financial services straight to the customers. The creation and practical applications of FinTech supported by government regulations and financial policies, high mobile adoption, rising rates of internet penetration, and increasingly literate and millennial generation, strongly indicates that the various scopes of FinTech in ASEAN are very promising in supporting economic growth and financial inclusion. This chapter will provide an overview of FinTech and examine the development of FinTech initiatives to shed light on some challenges and solutions facing the ASEAN's financial landscape today and in the future.
A Survey of Recent Variants and Applications of Antlion Optimizer
Authors: Dinkar Shail , Deep Kusum
Published: April 2021

This work proposes a review of a recently developed swarm intelligence-based metaheuristic algorithm called Antlion Optimizer (ALO), its variants, and applications. The suitable blending of a random walk with an adaptive shrinking of hypersphere radius makes this algorithm more effective and impressive over other recent optimization algorithms. This paper elaborates on the recent variants of ALO by reviewing the concerned publications. It also summarized the applications of ALO for solving real-world complex optimization problems of a wide variety of areas. So, this paper comprises of summarized review of various recently published ALO papers. Firstly, the natural phenomena of ALO and the working principle of its various operators are described. Then the recently developed variants of ALO are described in detail depicting in various categories. The real-world applications using ALO and its variants are also described under global optimization, power and system engineering, electronics and communication engineering, machine learning, environmental engineering, and networking.
Implementation and Optimal Sizing of TCSC for the Solution of Reactive Power Planning Problem Using Quasi-Oppositional Salp Swarm Algorithm
Authors: Raj Saurav , Mahapatra Sheila , Shiva Chandan Kumar , Bhattacharyya Biplab
Published: April 2021

In this article, innovative algorithms named as salp swarm algorithm (SSA) and hybrid quasi-oppositional SSA (QOSSA) techniques have been proposed for finding the optimal coordination for the solution of reactive power planning (RPP). Quasi-oppositional based learning is a promising technique for improving convergence and is implemented with SSA as a new hybrid method for RPP. The proposed techniques are successfully implemented on standard test systems for deprecation of real power losses and overall cost of operation along with retention of bus voltages under acceptable limits. Optimal planning has been achieved by minimizing reactive power generation and transformer tap settings with optimal placement and sizing of TCSC. Identification of weakest branch in the power network is done for optimal TCSC placement and is tendered through line stability index method. Optimal TCSC placement renders a reduction in transmission loss by 8.56% using SSA and 8.82% by QOSSA in IEEE 14 bus system and 7.57% using SSA and 9.64% by QOSSA in IEEE 57 bus system with respect to base condition.
A Hybrid Approach for Feature Selection Based on Genetic Algorithm and Recursive Feature Elimination
Authors: Rani Pooja , Kumar Rajneesh , Jain Anurag , Chawla Sunil Kumar
Published: April 2021

Machine learning has become an integral part of our life in today's world. Machine learning when applied to real-world applications suffers from the problem of high dimensional data. Data can have unnecessary and redundant features. These unnecessary features affect the performance of classification systems used in prediction. Selection of important features is the first step in developing any decision support system. In this paper, the authors have proposed a hybrid feature selection method GARFE by integrating GA (genetic algorithm) and RFE (recursive feature elimination) algorithms. Efficiency of proposed method is analyzed using support vector machine classifier on the scale of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, F-measure, and execution time parameters. Proposed GARFE method is also compared to eight other feature selection methods. Results demonstrate that the proposed GARFE method has increased the performance of classification systems by removing irrelevant and redundant features.
A Hyperbolic Arnold's Cat Map-Based System for Multimedia Data Encryption
Authors: Rahmani Amine
Published: April 2021

Cryptography is one of the most used techniques to secure data since antiquity. It has been largely improved by introducing several mathematical concepts. This paper proposes a new asymmetric cryptography approach using combined Arnold's cat map with hyperbolic function and Chebyshev chaotic map for audio and image encryption. The proposed scheme uses Chebyshev map for public and secrete keys generation and the same equation with Arnold's cat map for encryption and decryption. Hyperbolic functions are also introduced replacing regular integer values in Arnold's map. The results show a good and promising efficiency as well as the theoretical discussion. Several future possible improvements are presented in the conclusion.
Study on Extraction of Procyanidins from Grape Seeds by Aqueous Two-Phase System
Authors: Zhong Ying Lan , Xie Xiao Dong , Wu Jiang
Published: April 2021

Discussed with the method of the aqueous two-phase extraction of grape seed procyanidins optimum extraction conditions and extraction efficiency. Methods: Procyanidins extraction experimental conditions were optimized with the single, calculate the content and extraction rate of procyanidins from grape seeds with catechin standard curve comparison method. Results: Experiments show that: aqueous two-phase systems are made up of water 3.0 mL, ethanol 3.5 mL, ammonium sulfate 2.5 g, grape seed 0.5 g, centrifuged 10 min at 3600 r/min speed, placed 120 minutes, procyanidins at a rate of 0.23%, extraction rate reached 97.86%. Conclusions: This aqueous two-phase systems extraction rate, simple operation, environmental conservation, conditions required in practical applications easily met.
Glycolipid-Containing Nanoparticle Vaccine Engages Invariant NKT Cells to Enhance Humoral Protection against Systemic Bacterial Infection but Abrogates T-Independent Vaccine Responses
Authors: Shute Travis , Amiel Eyal , Alam Noran , Yates Jennifer L. , Mohrs Katya , Dudley Elizabeth , Salas Briana , Mesa Chloe , Serrata Adriana , Angel Daniel , Vincent Brandy K. , Weyers Amanda , Lanthier Paula A. , Vomhof-Dekrey Emilie , Fromme Rachel , Laughlin Mitchell , Durham Olivia , Miao Jianjun , Shipp Devon , Linhardt Robert J. , Nash Kelly , Leadbetter Elizabeth A.
Published: April 2021

CD4+ T cells enable the critical B cell humoral immune protection afforded by most effective vaccines. We and others have recently identified an alternative source of help for B cells in mice, invariant NK T (iNKT) cells. iNKT cells are innate glycolipid-specific T cells restricted to the nonpolymorphic Ag-presenting molecule CD1d. As such, iNKT cells respond to glycolipids equally well in all people, making them an appealing adjuvant for universal vaccines. We tested the potential for the iNKT glycolipid agonist, α-galactosylceramide (αGC), to serve as an adjuvant for a known human protective epitope by creating a nanoparticle that delivers αGC plus antigenic polysaccharides from Streptococcus pneumoniae. αGC-embedded nanoparticles activate murine iNKT cells and B cells in vitro and in vivo, facilitate significant dose sparing, and avoid iNKT anergy. Nanoparticles containing αGC plus S. pneumoniae polysaccharides elicits robust IgM and IgG in vivo and protect mice against lethal systemic S. pneumoniae. However, codelivery of αGC via nanoparticles actually eliminated Ab protection elicited by a T-independent S. pneumoniae vaccine. This is consistent with previous studies demonstrating iNKT cell help for B cells following acute activation, but negative regulation of B cells during chronic inflammation. αGC-containing nanoparticles represent a viable platform for broadly efficacious vaccines against deadly human pathogens, but their potential for eliminating B cells under certain conditions suggests further clarity on iNKT cell interactions with B cells is warranted.