bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Synthesis of Spiro[isoxazole‐pyrazoloquinoline] Derivatives under Catalyst‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Feng Bin‐Bin , Xu Jing , Zhang Mei‐Mei , Wang Xiang‐Shan
Published: May 2016

The operationally simple procedure is based on the three‐component reaction between 1H‐indazol‐6‐amines, 3‐arylisoxazol‐5(4H)ones, and aryl aldehydes, and depending on the electronic properties of the aryl aldehyde used, two types of pyrazoloquinoline derivatives are obtained selectively.
ChemInform Abstract: A Neber Approach for the Synthesis of Spiro‐Fused 2H‐Azirine‐Pyrazolone.
Authors: Yue Deng‐Feng , Zhao Jian‐Qiang , Wang Zhen‐Hua , Zhang Xiao‐Mei , Xu Xiao‐Ying , Yuan Wei‐Cheng
Published: May 2016

A base‐mediated Neber reaction of enaminopyrazolones (I) and tosyl chloride affording title compounds (II) is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Vinyl Selenone‐Based Domino Approach to Spirocyclopropyl Oxindoles Endowed with anti‐HIV RT Activity.
Authors: Palomba M. , Rossi L. , Sancineto L. , Tramontano E. , Corona A. , Bagnoli L. , Santi C. , Pannecouque C. , Tabarrini O. , Marini F.
Published: May 2016

Title compounds such as (III), (V), and (VII)/(VIII) are prepared by a domino Michael/intramolecular nucleophilic substitution pathway with vinyl selenones (II), (IV), (VI), and enolizable oxindoles (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Boronic Acid‐Catalyzed, Highly Enantioselective Aza‐Michael Additions of Hydroxamic Acid to Quinone Imine Ketals.
Authors: Hashimoto Takuya , Galvez Alberto Osuna , Maruoka Keiji
Published: May 2016

The enantioselective aza‐Michael addition of hydroxamic acid (II) to quinone imine ketals (X) leads to a mixture of isomeric N,O‐acetals (XI) and (XII), which are converted into diamine (XIII) with NaBH3CN.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Catalyzed Vinylogous Mukaiyama Aldol Reaction of α‐Keto Esters and α‐Trifluoromethyl Ketones.
Authors: Wang Ying , Xing Fen , Xue Mei , Du Guang‐Fen , Guo Xu‐Hong , Huang Kuo‐Wei , Dai Bin
Published: May 2016

The novel transition metal‐free protocol offers an efficient access to γ‐substituted butenolides which may often be isolated as single anti‐diastereomers.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 3‐Aminooxindoles via Acid‐Promoted Cyclization of α‐Imino‐N‐arylamides and α‐Azido‐N‐arylamides.
Authors: Li Dianjun , Ma Haichao , Yu Wei
Published: May 2016

α‐Imino‐N‐arylamides [e.g. (I)] undergoes Friedel—Crafts cyclization to give 3‐aminooxindoles [e.g. (II)] in high yields and the products can also be obtained from α‐bromo‐N‐arylamides [e.g. (X)] in a one‐pot fashion.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective Michael Addition of Malononitrile to α,β‐Unsaturated Pyrazolamides Catalyzed by a Bifunctional Thiourea.
Authors: Zheng Yuanqin , Yao Yongqi , Ye Ling , Shi Zhichuan , Li Xuefeng , Zhao Zhigang , Li Xinying
Published: May 2016

The Michael addition of malononitrile (II) to α,β‐unsaturated pyrazolamides [(I), (IV), (VI), or (VIII), resp.] is accomplished by the use of bifunctional thioureas as catalysts.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Synthetic Approach to the Imidazo[1,5‐a]imidazole‐2‐one Scaffold and Effective Functionalization Through Suzuki—Miyaura Cross Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Loubidi M. , Pillard C. , El Hakmaoui A. , Bernard P. , Akssira M. , Guillaumet G.
Published: May 2016

A wide range of 7‐substituted imidazoimidazole derivatives are synthesized.
ChemInform Abstract: DABCO‐Catalyzed Consecutive One Pot Four‐Component Protocol for the Synthesis of a Novel Class of (Z)‐5‐(3‐Hydroxy‐2‐oxoindolin‐3‐yl)‐2‐iminothiazolidin‐4‐ones.
Authors: Bejjam Madhu Babu , Kumar G. Santhosh , Swetha A. , Meshram H. M.
Published: May 2016

The reaction is conducted under metal‐free conditions and gives a wide range of the title compounds by using simple and readily available starting materials.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Synthesis of N‐Unsubstituted 4‐Aryl‐1,2,3‐triazoles Mediated by Amberlyst‐15.
Authors: Zhang Hui , Dong Dao‐Qing , Wang Zu‐Li
Published: May 2016

The scalable method tolerates various functional groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalyzed Enantioselective [3 + 3] Annulation for the Direct Synthesis of Conformationally Constrained Cyclic Tryptophan Derivatives.
Authors: Wu L.‐L. , Zheng Y. , Wang Y.‐M. , Zhou Z.‐H.
Published: May 2016

15 Title tryptophan derivatives of type (III) are prepared by an enantioselective [3 + 3] annulation of 1‐methylindoline‐2‐thiones (II) and 4‐arylmethylideneoxazolin‐5(4H)‐ones (I).
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Convenient Synthesis of Pyridinyl and Quinolinyl Triflates and Tosylates via One‐Pot Diazotization of Aminopyridines and Aminoquinolines in Solution.
Authors: Kassanova Assiya Zh. , Krasnokutskaya Elena A. , Beisembai Perizat S. , Filimonov Victor D.
Published: May 2016

In the case of aminoquinolines only 2‐aminoquinoline gives the 2‐trifyloxy derivative while 3‐ and 6‐aminosubstrates give only the diazonium triflates which can easily be converted into the corresponding iodo compounds, e.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Mediated Trifluoromethylthiolation of Heteroaryl Bromides.
Authors: Zhang Mengjia , Weng Zhiqiang
Published: May 2016

A straightforward synthetic method for the synthesis of heteroaryl trifluoromethyl sulfides from readily available, simple starting materials with a broad substrate scope tolerating a wide array of functional groups is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Utility of Dihydropyridine Boronic Esters.
Authors: Panda Santanu , Coffin Aaron , Nguyen Q. Nhu , Tantillo Dean J. , Ready Joseph M.
Published: May 2016

When activated by an acylating agent, pyridine boronic esters react with organometallic reagents to form a dihydropyridine boronic ester.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐Aminoquinolines via Palladium‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Oxidative Cyclization of 2‐Vinylanilines with Isocyanides.
Authors: Zheng Qiang , Ding Qiuping , Wang Cong , Chen Wenfan , Peng Yiyuan
Published: May 2016

2‐Aminoquinolines [(III), (V), and (VII)] are efficiently synthesized via palladium‐catalyzed intermolecular oxidative cyclization of 2‐vinylanilines with isocyanides.
ChemInform Abstract: P,S Ligands for the Asymmetric Construction of Quaternary Stereocenters in Palladium‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative [4 + 2] Cycloadditions.
Authors: Wei Yi , Lu Liang‐Qiu , Li Tian‐Ren , Feng Bin , Wang Qiang , Xiao Wen‐Jing , Alper Howard
Published: May 2016

A hybrid P,S—ligand is designed by combining a chiral β‐amino sulfide and diphenyl phosphite.
ChemInform Abstract: Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling Reaction Using Copper Oxide Impregnated on Magnetite in Deep Eutectic Solvents.
Authors: Marset Xavier , Perez Juana M. , Ramon Diego J.
Published: May 2016

Various tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives are prepared by a cross‐dehydrogenative coupling reaction using choline chloride/ethylene glycol (1:2) as a deep eutectic solvent (DES).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Substituted Benzo[ij]imidazo[2,1,5‐de]quinolizine by Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed Multiple C—H Activation and Annulations.
Authors: Ge Qingmei , Li Bin , Wang Baiquan
Published: May 2016

A novel method is elaborated for the preparation of benzo[ij]imidazo[2,1,5‐de]quinolizines (III) and (VII) by a Rh‐catalyzed cascade oxidative annulation of N‐arylimidazoles with two molecules of disubstituted alkynes.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Assembly of Fused Heterocycles via Oxidative Palladium‐Catalyzed Cyclization of Arylols and Iodoarenes.
Authors: Hong Fenglin , Chen Yingwen , Lu Beili , Cheng Jiajia
Published: May 2016

This efficient one‐pot reaction leads to a wide range of heterocycles via sequential oxidation, iodination, isomerization, and cyclization steps without purification of any reaction intermediates.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of Polycycles Containing an Aziridine Group: Intramolecular Aza‐Diels—Alder Reactions of Unactivated 2H‐Azirines with Unactivated Dienes.
Authors: Xu Hua‐Dong , Zhou Hao , Pan Ying‐Peng , Ren Xin‐Tao , Wu Hao , Han Mei , Han Run‐Ze , Shen Mei‐Hua
Published: May 2016

The pyrolysis of vinyl azides containing a diene moiety gives rise to a variety of aziridine‐containing trans‐fused tricyclic core structures (28 examples).
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Consecutive Reaction to Construct Quinazolin‐4(3H)‐ones and Pyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidin‐4(3H)‐ones.
Authors: Li Ting , Chen Minglu , Yang Lei , Xiong Zhengxin , Wang Yongwei , Li Fei , Chen Dongyin
Published: May 2016

The title reaction starts from easily available 2‐halobenzamides [e.g. (I)] or 2‐halonicotinamides (X) and proceeds probably via aromatic nuleophilic substitution of azide/copper catalyzed reduction/imine formation/cyclization/oxidation sequence.
ChemInform Abstract: Three‐Component [3 + 2 + 1] Cyclizations Leading to Densely Functionalized Benzo[4,5]thiazolo[1,2‐a]pyrimidines.
Authors: Bao Ming , Jiang Bo , Wang Haiying , Li Liang
Published: May 2016

Title compounds [(IV), (VI), and (VIII)] are conveniently synthesized by three‐component cyclization reaction in fairly good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Regio‐ and Stereoselective Biocatalytic Monoamination of a Triketone Enables Asymmetric Synthesis of Both Enantiomers of the Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid Xenovenine Employing Transaminases.
Authors: Payer Stefan E. , Schrittwieser Joerg H. , Grischek Barbara , Simon Robert C. , Kroutil Wolfgang
Published: May 2016

For example, the (‐)‐enantiomer of xenovenine (IV) is prepared starting from triketone (I) through a short and high‐yielding total synthesis without the need for protecting strategies.
ChemInform Abstract: Designing a Dual‐Mode Broadband Solar Spectral Converter: The Example of Bi3+, Cr3+, Yb3+‐Tridoped Perovskite.
Authors: Lin Li‐Tian , Wu Xuan‐Ming , Wang Ting , Chen Dong‐Ju , Deng Chao , Meng Jian‐Xin , Cao Li‐Wei
Published: May 2016

The dual‐mode solar spectral converter CaTiO3: Bi3+, Cr3+, Yb3+ is prepared by firing stoichiometric amounts of CaCO3 and the metal oxides in air (1.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Photophysical Application of Functionalized 2,2′:6′,2“‐Terpyridine Metal Complexes
Authors: Dhar P. C. , Mohanty P.
Published: May 2016

Review: 37 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Applications of Hypervalent Iodine(III) Reagents Enabled by Visible Light Photoredox Catalysis
Authors: Wang Lianjie , Liu Jun
Published: May 2016

Review: [48 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Carboxylation Reactions Using Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Wang Sheng , Du Gaixia , Xi Chanjuan
Published: May 2016

Review: [35 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Multiscale and Multicomponent Layer by Layer Assembly of Optical Thin Films Triggered by Electrochemical Coupling Reactions of N‐Alkylcarbazoles
Authors: Zhang Jian , Kang Shu‐Sen , Zhang Zhe , Li Mao
Published: May 2016

Review: [46 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Visible Light Photoredox‐Controlled Reactions of N‐Radicals and Radical Ions
Authors: Chen Jia‐Rong , Hu Xiao‐Qiang , Lu Liang‐Qiu , Xiao Wen‐Jing
Published: May 2016

Review: 50 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Polyaromatic N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands and π‐Stacking. Catalytic Consequences
Authors: Peris Eduardo
Published: May 2016

Review: [40 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Cyclic 2‐Oxazolidenes by Chemical CO2 Fixation
Authors: Niemi Teemu , Perea‐Buceta Jesus E. , Fernandez Israel , Repo Timo
Published: May 2016

Review: 22 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Organic Chemistry: No Double Bond Left Behind
Authors: Sarlah David
Published: May 2016

Review: synthesis of alkenyl halides from widely available alkenes using the cross‐metthesis reaction; 12 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Speeding Up Sigmatropic Shifts‐To Halve or to Hold
Authors: Tantillo Dean J.
Published: May 2016

Review: 69 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselective Access to Substituted Butenolides via a Radical Cyclization Pathway: Mechanistic Study, Limits and Application
Authors: Boussonniere Anne , Beneteau Romain , Rouaud Jean‐Christophe , Despiau Carole , Lebreton Jacques , Denes Fabrice
Published: May 2016

Review: 64 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Approaches to Aryl Halomethyl Sulfones
Authors: Borys Krzysztof M. , Ochal Zbigniew
Published: May 2016

Review: 82 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Deoxygenation of Phosphine Oxides under Green Chemical Conditions
Authors: Kovacs Tamara , Keglevich Gyorgy
Published: May 2016

Review: 47 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Trends in Applying C—H Oxidation to the Total Synthesis of Natural Products
Authors: Qiu Yuanyou , Gao Shuanhu
Published: May 2016

Review: 193 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Biomimetic Assembly Lines Producing Natural Product Analogues: Strategies from a Versatile Manifold to Skeletally Diverse Scaffolds
Authors: Oguri Hiroki
Published: May 2016

Review: [37 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Understanding How DNA Enzymes Work
Authors: Wirmer‐Bartoschek Julia , Schwalbe Harald
Published: May 2016

Review: 7 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Construction of Smart Inorganic Nanoparticle‐Based Ultrasound Contrast Agents and Their Biomedical Applications
Authors: Ma Ming , Chen Hangrong , Shi Jianlin
Published: May 2016

Review: 71 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Methane Activation Mediated by a Series of Cerium—Vanadium Bimetallic Oxide Cluster Cations: Tuning Reactivity by Doping
Authors: Ma Jia‐Bi , Meng Jing‐Heng , He Sheng‐Gui
Published: May 2016

Review: [34 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Surface‐ and Tip‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy in Catalysis
Authors: Hartman Thomas , Wondergem Caterina S. , Kumar Naresh , van den Berg Albert , Weckhuysen Bert M.
Published: May 2016

Review: 122 refs.
Secure cyber incident analytics framework using Monte Carlo simulations for financial cybersecurity insurance in cloud computing
Authors: Gai Keke , Qiu Meikang , Hassan Houcine
Published: May 2016

The remarkable increasing demands of mitigating losses from cyber incidents for financial firms have been driving the rapid development of the Cybersecurity Insurance (CI). The implementations of CI have covered a variety of aspects in cyber incidents, from hacking to frauds. However, CI is still at its exploring stage so that there are a number of dimensions that are uncovered by the current applications. The cyber attack on critical infrastructure is one of the serious issues that prevents the expansions of CI. This paper addresses CI implementations focusing on cloud‐based service offerings and proposes a secure cyber incident analytics framework using big data, named as Cost‐Aware Hierarchical Cyber Incident Analytics (CA‐HCIA). The approach is designed for matching different cyber risk scenarios, which uses repository data. We use Monte Carlo simulations for extracting the incident features based on the training datasets. The main algorithms in CA‐HCIA include Monte Carlo Cyber Feature Extraction (MC2FE) and Optimal Cost Balance (OCA) Algorithms. Our experimental evaluation has provided the theoretical proof of the adoptability and feasibility. Results show that our proposal improves the cost of existing techniques in 7.98% and 15.39%. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Forest restoration: a global dataset for biodiversity and vegetation structure
Authors: Crouzeilles Renato , Ferreira Mariana S. , Curran Michael
Published: May 2016

Restoration initiatives are becoming increasingly applied around the world. Billions of dollars have been spent on ecological restoration research and initiatives, but restoration outcomes differ widely among these initiatives in part due to variable socioeconomic and ecological contexts. Here, we present the most comprehensive dataset gathered to date on forest restoration. It encompasses 269 primary studies across 221 study landscapes in 53 countries and contains 4,645 quantitative comparisons between reference ecosystems (e.g., old‐growth forest) and degraded or restored ecosystems for five taxonomic groups (mammals, birds, invertebrates, herpetofauna, and plants) and five measures of vegetation structure reflecting different ecological processes (cover, density, height, biomass, and litter). We selected studies that (1) were conducted in forest ecosystems; (2) had multiple replicate sampling sites to measure indicators of biodiversity and/or vegetation structure in reference and restored and/or degraded ecosystems; and (3) used less‐disturbed forests as a reference to the ecosystem under study. We recorded (1) latitude and longitude; (2) study year; (3) country; (4) biogeographic realm; (5) past disturbance type; (6) current disturbance type; (7) forest conversion class; (8) restoration activity; (9) time that a system has been disturbed; (10) time elapsed since restoration started; (11) ecological metric used to assess biodiversity; and (12) quantitative value of the ecological metric of biodiversity and/or vegetation structure for reference and restored and/or degraded ecosystems. These were the most common data available in the selected studies. We also estimated forest cover and configuration in each study landscape using a recently developed 1 km consensus land cover dataset. We measured forest configuration as the (1) mean size of all forest patches; (2) size of the largest forest patch; and (3) edge:area ratio of forest patches. Global analyses of the factors influencing ecological restoration success at both the local and landscape scale are urgently needed to guide restoration initiatives and to further develop restoration knowledge in a topic area of much contemporary interest.
Isoniazid‐induced control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by primary human cells requires interleukin‐1 receptor and tumor necrosis factor
Authors: Yamashiro Lívia H. , Eto Carolina , Soncini Marina , Horewicz Verônica , Garcia Magno , Schlindwein Aline D. , Grisard Edmundo C. , Rovaris Darcita B. , Báfica André
Published: May 2016

Proinflammatory cytokines are critical mediators that control Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) growth during active tuberculosis (ATB). To further inhibit bacterial proliferation in diseased individuals, drug inhibitors of cell wall synthesis such as isoniazid (INH) are employed. However, whether INH presents an indirect effect on bacterial growth by regulating host cytokines during ATB is not well known. To examine this hypothesis, we used an in vitro human granuloma system generated with primary leukocytes from healthy donors adapted to model ATB. Intense Mtb proliferation in cell cultures was associated with monocyte/macrophage activation and secretion of IL‐1β and TNF. Treatment with INH significantly reduced Mtb survival, but altered neither T‐cell‐mediated Mtb killing, nor production of IL‐1β and TNF. However, blockade of both IL‐1R1 and TNF signaling rescued INH‐induced killing, suggesting synergistic roles of these cytokines in mediating control of Mtb proliferation. Additionally, mycobacterial killing by INH was highly dependent upon drug activation by the pathogen catalase‐peroxidase KatG and involved a host PI3K‐dependent pathway. Finally, experiments using coinfected (KatG‐mutated and H37Rv strains) cells suggested that active INH does not directly enhance host‐mediated killing of Mtb. Our results thus indicate that Mtb‐stimulated host IL‐1 and TNF have potential roles in TB chemotherapy.
An Empirical Comparison of Joint and Stratified Frameworks for Studying G × E Interactions: Systolic Blood Pressure and Smoking in the CHARGE Gene‐Lifestyle Interactions Working Group
Authors: Sung Yun Ju , Winkler Thomas W. , Manning Alisa K. , Aschard Hugues , Gudnason Vilmundur , Harris Tamara B. , Smith Albert V. , Boerwinkle Eric , Brown Michael R. , Morrison Alanna C. , Fornage Myriam , Lin Li‐An , Richard Melissa , Bartz Traci M. , Psaty Bruce M. , Hayward Caroline , Polasek Ozren , Marten Jonathan , Rudan Igor , Feitosa Mary F. , Kraja Aldi T. , Province Michael A. , Deng Xuan , Fisher Virginia A. , Zhou Yanhua , Bielak Lawrence F. , Smith Jennifer , Huffman Jennifer E. , Padmanabhan Sandosh , Smith Blair H. , Ding Jingzhong , Liu Yongmei , Lohman Kurt , Bouchard Claude , Rankinen Tuomo , Rice Treva K. , Arnett Donna , Schwander Karen , Guo Xiuqing , Palmas Walter , Rotter Jerome I. , Alfred Tamuno , Bottinger Erwin P. , Loos Ruth J. F. , Amin Najaf , Franco Oscar H. , van Duijn Cornelia M. , Vojinovic Dina , Chasman Daniel I. , Ridker Paul M. , Rose Lynda M. , Kardia Sharon , Zhu Xiaofeng , Rice Kenneth , Borecki Ingrid B. , Rao Dabeeru C. , Gauderman W. James , Cupples L. Adrienne
Published: May 2016

Studying gene‐environment (G × E) interactions is important, as they extend our knowledge of the genetic architecture of complex traits and may help to identify novel variants not detected via analysis of main effects alone. The main statistical framework for studying G × E interactions uses a single regression model that includes both the genetic main and G × E interaction effects (the “joint” framework). The alternative “stratified” framework combines results from genetic main‐effect analyses carried out separately within the exposed and unexposed groups. Although there have been several investigations using theory and simulation, an empirical comparison of the two frameworks is lacking. Here, we compare the two frameworks using results from genome‐wide association studies of systolic blood pressure for 3.2 million low frequency and 6.5 million common variants across 20 cohorts of European ancestry, comprising 79,731 individuals. Our cohorts have sample sizes ranging from 456 to 22,983 and include both family‐based and population‐based samples. In cohort‐specific analyses, the two frameworks provided similar inference for population‐based cohorts. The agreement was reduced for family‐based cohorts. In meta‐analyses, agreement between the two frameworks was less than that observed in cohort‐specific analyses, despite the increased sample size. In meta‐analyses, agreement depended on (1) the minor allele frequency, (2) inclusion of family‐based cohorts in meta‐analysis, and (3) filtering scheme. The stratified framework appears to approximate the joint framework well only for common variants in population‐based cohorts. We conclude that the joint framework is the preferred approach and should be used to control false positives when dealing with low‐frequency variants and/or family‐based cohorts.
Phase II trial of everolimus in patients with previously treated recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Geiger Jessica L. , Bauman Julie E. , Gibson Michael K. , Gooding William E. , Varadarajan Prakash , Kotsakis Athanasios , Martin Daniel , Gutkind Jorge Silvio , Hedberg Matthew L. , Grandis Jennifer R. , Argiris Athanassios
Published: May 2016

Background

Patients with recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) demonstrate aberrant activation of the phosphotidylinositol‐3‐kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. We examined the efficacy of everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, in patients with recurrent or metastatic HNSCC.

Methods

This single‐arm phase II study enrolled biomarker‐unselected patients with recurrent or metastatic HNSCC who failed at least 1 prior therapy. Everolimus was administered until progressive disease or unacceptable toxicity. Primary endpoint was clinical benefit rate (CBR). Secondary endpoints included progression‐free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and evaluation of tissue and serum biomarkers related to the PIK3CA pathway.

Results

Seven of 9 patients treated in the first stage were evaluable. No objective responses were seen; CBR was 28%. Three patients discontinued everolimus because of toxicity. Median PFS and OS were 1.5 and 4.5 months, respectively. No activating PI3K mutations were identified in available tumor tissue.

Conclusion

Everolimus was not active as monotherapy in unselected patients with recurrent/metastatic HNSCC. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: 1759–1764, 2016
Self‐Regulation: Relations with Theory of Mind and Social Behaviour
Authors: Korucu Irem , Selcuk Bilge , Harma Mehmet
Published: May 2016

It is argued that self‐regulation skill is necessary both for displaying constructive behaviour and for controlling negative social behaviour, and self‐regulation might affect social behaviours by increasing the ability to understand others' minds. In this research, in order to examine different aspects of self‐regulation and their similarities and differences in terms of their relations with other constructs, we focused on both effortful control and executive function and investigated their concurrent associations with socially competent and aggressive behaviours and theory of mind (ToM). The participants were 212 preschool children in Turkey. We assessed executive functions with behavioural measures and effortful control with mother reports. We used six tasks for comprehensive assessment of mental state understanding. Children's social competency and aggressive behaviour were assessed with teacher reports. Structural equation modelling results showed that when age and receptive language were controlled, ToM was significantly associated with social competence but not aggressive behaviour. Both effortful control and executive functions were significantly related to social competency and ToM; the pathways from each self‐regulation skill were similar in strength. ToM was linked with social competence, but it did not have a mediating role in the relations of self‐regulation with social competence. The findings highlighted the importance of self‐regulation for socio‐cognitive and social development in the preschool years. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Formulation of an Emitter Clogging Control Strategy for Drip Irrigation with Reclaimed Water
Authors: Bo Zhou , Yunkai Li , Peng Song , Tianzhi Wang , Yinguang Jiang , Honglu Liu
Published: May 2016

Controlling emitter clogging by reducing clogging substances is commonly used nowadays, but it is merely applied in clogged emitters, so establishing a convenient and pre‐treated emitter clogging control strategy is essential. In this paper, four types of non‐pressure‐compensating emitters were selected for a drip irrigation experiment using reclaimed water. Furthermore, suspended particles' components in reclaimed water treated with four technologies were tested, and then their components' relations with emitter clogging substances were studied. The results showed that clogging substances inside emitters and suspended particles both showed the complicated biofilm structure. The mineral components, relative phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) concentrations and dominant microbial communities of clogging substances inside emitters were consistent with those of suspended particles in the same reclaimed water. Mineral components were quartz, alkali‐feldspar and illite (total exceeding 88.0%). The relative PLFA concentrations were 0.7–0.8‰, while the main PLFAs were 12:0, i15:0, 16:0 and 18:0. Moreover, bacteroides, bacillus and cellvibrio were the dominant bacteria. However, solid particles in four types of reclaimed water represented more differences. The mineral components, relative PLFA concentrations and dominance indexes varied by 9.7–29.9, 57.9–253.0 and 2.6–49.0%, respectively. Therefore, an emitter‐clogging control strategy could be established according to suspended particles' components in the same reclaimed water. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessing the accuracy of improved force‐matched water models derived from Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Köster Andreas , Spura Thomas , Rutkai Gábor , Kessler Jan , Wiebeler Hendrik , Vrabec Jadran , Kühne Thomas D.
Published: May 2016

The accuracy of water models derived from ab initio molecular dynamics simulations by means on an improved force‐matching scheme is assessed for various thermodynamic, transport, and structural properties. It is found that although the resulting force‐matched water models are typically less accurate than fully empirical force fields in predicting thermodynamic properties, they are nevertheless much more accurate than generally appreciated in reproducing the structure of liquid water and in fact superseding most of the commonly used empirical water models. This development demonstrates the feasibility to routinely parametrize computationally efficient yet predictive potential energy functions based on accurate ab initio molecular dynamics simulations for a large variety of different systems. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
miR‐29a associates with viro‐immunological markers of HIV infection in treatment experienced patients
Authors: Rosca Adelina , Anton Gabriela , Botezatu Anca , Temereanca Aura , Ene Luminita , Achim Cristian , Ruta Simona
Published: May 2016

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non‐coding RNA species essential for the post‐translational regulation of gene expression. Several miRNA have been proposed to contribute to Human immunodeficiency virus‐1 (HIV‐1) infection establishment, progression and latency. Among them, miR‐29a seems to be of particular interest. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between miR‐29a expression and immunologic and virologic markers of HIV infection progression in long‐term antiretroviral‐treated individuals. In a homogenous group of 165 young adults, with chronic HIV infection, parenterally acquired during childhood, the expression level of miR‐29a was found to be inversely correlated with HIV viral load and the degree of immunosuppression, expressed by both CD4 cell count and the CD4/CD8 ratio. There was a significant difference in miR‐29a expression according to the patient's response to treatment, with the lowest levels expressed by patients with treatment failure, defined as detectable viremia and CD4 < 350 cells/mm3. No significant correlation was found between miRNA level and the nadir CD4 count or zenith HIV viral load. This study establishes the association between miR‐29a expression and markers of HIV infection in long‐term survivors, treatment‐experienced patients, suggesting its potential use as an indicator for the on‐treatment disease evolution. J. Med. Virol. 88:2132–2137, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Optimal response to habitat linkage of local fish diversity and mean trophic level
Authors: Xu Jun , Zhang Huan , Cai Yongjiu , García Molinos Jorge , Zhang Min
Published: May 2016

Spatially segregated ecosystems are frequently subsidized by cross‐habitat linkages, but the extent to which the functional links between habitats influence local community attributes, such as consumer and food web structure is still poorly understood. Using the bidirectional linkage between benthic and pelagic habitats in floodplain lakes, we address this important question by looking for evidence of an optimal extent of habitat linkage supporting maximum taxonomic richness and mean trophic level. We then ask if there are significant changes in these local community attributes between historical and current communities, and if these reflect the history of species loss resulting from the intense human alteration of these lakes. We found a strong optimal response of maximum richness and mean trophic level along the pelagic‐benthic gradient, both across and within individual lakes. This is consistent with the expectation of optimal resource availability along the habitat linkage gradient supporting more and taxonomically richer communities. Comparison between historical and current assemblages revealed a significant decrease in the optimal linkage for maximum richness in response to the history of species loss, but not for maximum mean trophic level, probably a response to the increased habitat homogenization and enhanced productivity caused by the recent history of nutrient‐enrichment and habitat alteration. Our study provides strong evidence of high diversity and trophic level occurring at intermediate levels of coupling between pelagic and benthic resources, suggesting assemblage reliance on multiple production sources, and offers novel insight into the responses of this relationship to species loss due to human activities.
Bilateral Delegation in Duopoly Wage and Employment Bargaining
Authors: Chatterjee Ishita , Saha Bibhas
Published: May 2016

We study bilateral delegation in wage and employment bargaining between firms and unions in a Cournot duopoly. Incentive delegation creates frictions for each party between its objectives of within‐firm rent extraction and market/job stealing from the rival firm. The net effect is restraint in production, resulting in a larger bargaining pie. But each player's payoff will be inversely related to his bargaining power. We also show that if players are given a choice to delegate, they will not resort to delegation when their bargaining power is sufficiently high. This is in contrast to the scenarios commonly assumed in many models. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Boundary value problems of multi‐term fractional differential equations with impulse effects
Authors: Liu Yuji
Published: May 2016

We point out some mistakes in a known paper. Some existence results for solutions of two classes of boundary value problems for nonlinear impulsive fractional differential equations are established. Our analysis relies on the well‐known Schauder fixed point theorem. Examples are given to illustrate the main results. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Singularity formation for the inhomogeneous nonlinear wave equation with damping
Authors: Liu Jianli , Zhang Xiaodan
Published: May 2016

It is well known that the damping term will give more smooth effect to obtain global solutions. In this paper, we consider the effect of damping term on the solutions to system of inhomogeneous wave equation with damping term. We can obtain the singularity that will be formed in finite time for some large initial data. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stability and L2‐gain analysis for switched singular linear systems with jumps
Authors: Tao Wei , Liu Yang , Lu Jianquan
Published: May 2016

In this paper, we study the stability problems and L2‐gain analysis for switched singular linear systems with jumps. Based on the concept of average impulsive interval, some novel sufficient conditions on the stability and L2‐gain for switched singular linear systems with jumps are developed. Two examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the results. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On closed timelike and spacelike ruled surfaces
Authors: Önder Mehmet , Ekinci Zehra
Published: May 2016

In this study, by using the concepts and results on spherical curves in dual Lorentzian space, we give the criterions for ruled surfaces with non‐lightlike ruling to be closed (periodic). Moreover, we obtain the necessary and sufficient conditions to guarantee that a timelike or a spacelike ruled surface is closed (periodic). Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reduction of the head effect in mobile devices
Authors: Lee Hongkoo , Jeon Jihwan , Qu Longyue , Shin Hyunwoong , Kim Hyeongdong
Published: May 2016

This letter compares two types of antennas for Bluetooth applications in mobile handsets; in the presence and absence of a human head. A Planar Inverted F Antenna (PIFA) and a three dimensional loop‐type antenna were designed to fully cover Bluetooth services. The antennas are designed on a Frame Retardant Type 4 (FR‐4) substrate (ɛr = 4.4, tan δ = 0.02) with the size of 140 mm × 45 mm printed circuit board (PCB) with 1 mm thickness. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:1806–1808, 2016
Fabrication tolerance and gain improvements of microstrip patch antenna at terahertz frequencies
Authors: Rabbani M. S. , Ghafouri‐Shiraz H.
Published: May 2016

In this paper, a technique has been proposed to design microstrip antenna arrays at terahertz (THz) frequencies with improved gain and fabrication tolerance. The antenna is designed at 100GHz frequency and fabricated with simple laboratory based PCB etching process. The gain is improved to 13.4dBi with the help of only three patch elements. The measured −10dB return loss bandwidth (BW) is 5.55% of the central frequency. The measured and the simulation results are all in good agreement. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:1819–1824, 2016
A compact MIMO antenna system for WLAN with enhanced isolation
Authors: Li Jiaqiang , You Xiaolong , Ge Junxiang , Li Peng , Chen Jinli
Published: May 2016

A compact multiple‐input and multiple‐output (MIMO) monopole antenna system for WLAN (2.45 GHz) with enhanced isolation is proposed. The proposed MIMO antenna system consists of two identical monopole antenna elements operating at the same frequency of 2.45 GHz. In order to improve the isolation performance, each antenna element is individually placed on one side of the substrate. With meandered strips, the size of the proposed antenna system is dramatically decreased to 15.9 mm × 9 mm. The isolation between the two antenna elements exceeds 18.29 dB by employing the orthogonal polarization diversity technique and the physical isolation method. The 10 dB bandwidth of the proposed antenna system reaches 120 MHz, which is wide enough for the practical application. Measured results are in close agreement with the simulated ones. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:1968–1973, 2016
Miniaturized high‐selectivity microstrip bandpass filter using capacitively coupled stub‐loaded stepped‐impedance resonators
Authors: Kim Eun Seong , Adhikari Kishor Kumar , Kim Nam Young
Published: May 2016

This paper presents a high‐selectivity compact microstrip bandpass filter (BPF) based on electromagnetically coupled, stub‐loaded, folded, asymmetric stepped‐impedance resonators (SIRs). The main advantage of the proposed BPF lies in its highly miniaturized effective size (0.2985 × 0.2298 λg2) and a wide upper‐stop‐band response. The high‐impedance sections of the SIRs were loaded with edge‐coupled, fork‐shaped stub loads in order to exploit the enhanced electromagnetic coupling of the SIRs, miniaturize the BPF effective size, and improve the skirt selectivity. In addition, the capacitive coupling of the SIRs with input and output as well as the use of fork‐shaped stubs and simple uniform‐impedance stubs generated three transmission zeros in the upper‐stop‐band, resulting in a wide stop‐band response. The measured pass‐band minimum return loss (26.6 dB) and maximum insertion loss (1.21 dB) for a protocol BPF with a central frequency of 5.17 GHz, three upper‐stop‐band transmission zeros with a minimum suppression level of 30.31 dB, and good agreement between the simulated and measured results verified the validity of the proposed high‐selectivity BPF. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2004–2010, 2016
Is Nephron Sparing Surgery Justified in Wilms Tumor With Beckwith–Wiedemann Syndrome or Isolated Hemihypertrophy?
Authors: Scalabre Aurélien , Bergeron Christophe , Brioude Frederic , Dainese Linda , Cropet Claire , Coulomb L'hermine Aurore , Pasqualini Claudia , Auber Frederic , Verschuur Arnauld , Schleiermacher Gudrun , Le Bouc Yves , Audry Georges , Irtan Sabine
Published: May 2016

Background

Patients with Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) or isolated hemihypertrophy (HH) treated for a Wilms tumor (WT) carry an increased risk of developing metachronous lesion. There are no guidelines on precise indications for nephron sparing surgery (NSS) in unilateral WT (UWT). The objective of this retrospective study was to delineate the indications of NSS in patients with BWS/HH treated for WT and to evaluate their outcome.

Procedure

All cases of BWS/HH treated for a WT according to SIOP protocols from 1980 to 2013 were reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups (G): isolated UWT (G1) and bilateral lesions (G2) with two subgroups: bilateral tumors suspected of malignancy (G2a), and unilateral tumor suspected of malignancy with contralateral nephroblastomatosis (G2b).

Results

Forty‐six patients were included (34 G1, three G2a, and nine G2b). Nine NSS and 25 total nephrectomies (TN) were performed in G1, two bilateral NSS and one NSS with contralateral TN in G2a, and eight NSS and one TN in G2b. The 3‐year event‐free survival was 92.3% (95% CI [77.9–97.5%]). One death occurred after a local relapse following a TN for a stage III stromal WT (G1) and another after a combined local and distant relapse following a NSS for a stage I diffuse anaplastic WT (G2b). There were two metachronous WT (4%), 3 years after a TN (G1) and 12 years after a NSS (G2b).

Conclusions

NSS is recommended in bilateral WT and may be an option in selected UWT patients with BWS/HH because it was not associated with an increased risk of local relapse.
Genome sequence of Candida versatilis and comparative analysis with other yeast
Authors: Hou Lihua , Guo Lin , Wang Chunling , Wang Cong
Published: May 2016

The genome of Candida versatilis was sequenced to understand its characteristics in soy sauce fermentation. The genome size of C. versatilis was 9.7 Mb, the content of G + C was 39.74 %, scaffolds of N50 were 1,229,640 bp in length, containing 4711 gene. There were predicted 269 tRNA genes and 2201 proteins with clear function. Moreover, the genome information of C. versatilis was compared with another salt-tolerant yeast Zygosaccharomyces rouxii and the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae. C. versatilis and Z. rouxii genome size was close and both smaller than 12.1 for the Mb of S. cerevisiae. Using the OrthoMCL protein, three genomes were divided into 4663 groups. There were about 3326 homologous proteins in C. versatilis, Z. rouxii and S. cerevisiae.
Correction of ankle valgus by hemiepiphysiodesis using the tension band principle in patients with multiple hereditary exostosis
Authors: van Oosterbos M. , van der Zwan A. L. , van der Woude H. J. , Ham S. J.
Published: May 2016

Background

Ankle valgus is a common deformity in patients with multiple hereditary exostoses (MHE) and a potential risk factor for early degenerative arthritis. In children, medial hemiepiphysiodesis of the distal tibia is a relatively simple surgical technique used to correct this deformity. We present here the first results of applying this procedure using the eight-Plate guided growth system (eight-Plate) for growth guidance.

Methods

Between 2006 and 2011 we performed hemiepiphysiodesis of the distal medial tibia in 30 ankles of 18 children with MHE using the eight-Plate. Weight-bearing total leg radiographs were obtained preoperatively, during follow-up and at the time of implant removal or when the distal tibial physis had closed. The lateral distal tibia angle (LDTA) was measured and fibular shortening assessed using the Malhotra classification. To evaluate the effect of hemiepiphysiodesis, we correlated the LDTA with age.

Results

The mean age at time of surgery was 12.6 (range 9.5–15.0) years, and the mean preoperative LDTA was 76.9° (range 68.5°–83.5°). During follow-up, the implant was removed in 12 extremities and the physis had closed in 18 extremities. The mean LDTA at the time of implant removal or at closure of the physis was 83.6° (range 76.5°–90.0°). Mean correction of LDTA was 6.9° after a mean follow-up period of 22 (range 3–43) months. During follow-up, no changes in the Malhotra classification were found in any of the patients. Correction of the valgus deformity of the ankle was significantly correlated ( r = −0.506) ( p = 0.004) with age in all patients.

Conclusion

Temporary medial hemiepiphyseodesis of the distal tibia seems to be an effective strategy for correcting ankle valgus in children with MHE. Timing of the intervention is, however, of importance. Hemiepiphyseodesis alone has no effect on the Malhotra classification.

Level of evidence

IV, retrospective review.
FORUM ON JOHN CORRIGAN'S EMPTINESS: FEELING CHRISTIAN IN AMERICA: Introductory Remarks
Authors: Bowler Kate
Published: May 2016

An open frontier imagined by restless pioneers. A bleeding back punished by Lenten mortification. A troubled soul leaning over the anxious bench. John Corrigan's groundbreaking book looks over the wide landscape of American religious history with a new dialectic in mind: empty and full. Emptiness is not simply felt but nurtured, imagined, mourned, inculcated, and even welcomed as an individual and communal experience. After his wide-lens introduction of the feeling of emptiness from settlement to the present, he concludes, “In America, the regulation of the feeling of emptiness, the management of that feeling, is accomplished through performance of a multifaceted social drama involving ongoing positioning and repositioning of the Christian in-group vis-à-vis groups perceived as competitors or opponents. The regulating of the feeling of emptiness as a part of the broader dynamics of social differentiation can be observed in groups representing a wide range of Christian ideas and behaviors.” This book then is not only a history of an emotion, but a complex account of group identity and boundary-making, a kind of Rorschach test in which a form of truth emerges in interpreting the shape of darkness against the light.
Filled with the Spirit—Of John Corrigan's Emptiness
Authors: Sutton Matthew Avery
Published: May 2016

I first encountered the work of John Corrigan in graduate school. Catherine L. Albanese had assigned his book Business of the Heart in a seminar I was taking. I loved the book, but also felt troubled by it. It focused on religious revivals, a topic I was very interested in. But his approach to revival was clearly not my approach to revival. Corrigan used a mid-nineteenth century religious awakening to offer a compelling and innovative look at a subject I had never considered historically—emotions. Corrigan was asking different questions of his sources than I did, and as a result, he came to very different conclusions than I would have.
Christian Bodies, Blood, and Feelings in America
Authors: DeRogatis Amy
Published: May 2016

In Emptiness: Feeling Christian in America, John Corrigan delivers a sweeping study of the dialectic between emptiness and fullness in American Christianities. He draws from an impressive breadth of sources both over time and within different forms of American Christianity to explore how Christians have integrated the feelings of emptiness and, in turn fullness, as central to their identities, beliefs and practices. At the outset of the book Corrigan explains, “The practice of Christianity that was grounded in the feeling of emptiness, however, was not ambiguous. Christians determinedly chased the feeling of emptiness, valorized it as a longing for God, and performed devotions to prompt and deepen it.” He unpacks this argument in five chapters devoted to feelings, bodies, spaces, times, and believers.
Enlightened Piety during the Age of Benevolence: The Christian Knowledge Movement in the British Atlantic World
Authors: Roberson Rusty
Published: May 2016

By the 1690s, a religious initiative for benevolence and reform had taken firm hold throughout both England and Scotland. For roughly the next fifty years, a coherent movement for enlightened piety operated in the British Atlantic world that would emphasize institutional stability, social reform, and personal improvement. Constituting this movement were transatlantic religious networks that established unprecedented personal and institutional partnerships among traditionally antagonistic religious rivals. These collaborators sought to cultivate piety through traditional forms such as the enrichment of the liturgy, a refinement of architecture, and a fuller development of the faith through the application of the new learning to received revelation. Other efforts included prison reform alongside educational measures to promote Christian knowledge such as evangelism and missions, the teaching of the catechism, the circulation of libraries, and the establishment of charity schools. This was Britain's age of benevolence; at its core was a trans-denominational effort for spiritual renewal and social reform.