bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incidence of chronic kidney disease in patients undergoing arthroplasty: A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Contreras Kateir , Rodriguez Dayany , Bernal-Gutiérrez Marcela , Villamizar Juan Pedro , Baquero-Galvis Romar , Argüello-Morales Oscar , Montoya-Cardenas Carlos , Buitrago Giancarlo
Published: December 2019

Patients undergoing arthroplasty are exposed to different interventions that can lead to renal dysfunction. There is abundant evidence of the incidence and factors associated with acute kidney injury (AKI); however, the incidence and the factors associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are not clear. The objective of this study is to determine the incidence and associated factors in arthroplasty patients. A systematic review of the literature was carried out following the recommendations of PRISMA and the Cochrane Collaboration (PROSPERO Protocol CRD42018075929). The search was carried out in Medline, Embase, Cochrane and LILACS. No language or date limits were set. Observational studies were included: cases and controls, and cohorts. The revision of titles and abstracts and the reading of the full texts was performed in a paired manner. The quality of the evidence was evaluated with the Newcastle-Ottawa tool. The initial search found 1279 titles and abstracts. We excluded 115 duplicates, and 1153 in the reading of titles and abstracts. Three articles met the inclusion criteria and were of acceptable quality. The incidence of severe CKD after hip or knee arthroplasty was 1.2% at 1 year up to 6.5% at 9 years. The evidence of the incidence and risk factors associated with CKD in patients undergoing arthroplasty is very scarce and heterogeneous. Further primary studies are required in order to have more valid and trustable results.
Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh, James Lind Library and Fair Tests of Treatment
Authors: Clarke Mike , Ravindran Vinod
Published: December 2019

Financial and Competing Interests: MC is the Coordinating Editor of the James Lind Library, Editor in Chief of the Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine and serves as an Editor/ Editorial Board Member/Reviewer for other international journals. VR is the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh ( JRCPE) and serves as Editor/ Editorial Board Member/Reviewer for several other international journals. This paper has undergone peer review in accordance with JRCPE's policies.
L-Carnitine Supplementation as a Potential Therapy for Suspected Hyperammonaemic Encephalopathy
Authors: Khakwani Alex , Gannon David
Published: December 2019

A 44-year-old female, with a background of cerebral palsy, epilepsy and learning disabilities, presented with multiple seizures and a persistently reduced consciousness level secondary to valproate-induced hyperammonaemic encephalopathy (plasma levels >50 μg/dl). Withdrawal of valproate and subsequent infusion of L-carnitine led to full recovery. Nonhepatic hyperammonaemia has been shown to be effectively treated by intravenous L-carnitine therapy by a series of case reports. To date, no randomised controlled trials have demonstrated this. Hyperammonaemic encephalopathy is possibly a more common presentation than expected that is currently underdiagnosed and exacerbated by valproate.
A History of Stoke Mandeville Hospital and the National Spinal Injuries Centre
Authors: Silver John R
Published: December 2019

Stoke Mandeville Hospital and the National Spinal Injuries Centre (NSIC) are renowned worldwide for the successful treatment of spinal injuries and as the birthplace of the Paralympic movement. The emergence of the spinal centre was a direct result of the setting up of the Emergency Medical Services in the Second World War to treat injured soldiers. This paper documents the history of the hospital as a whole and the influence of the NSIC in particular on the overall facilities leading up to and after the building of the modern NSIC in 1983.
A racionalidade da Dogmática-Penal e sua função como estrutura normativa garantidora de liberdades: uma abordagem sistêmica do Direito Penal
Authors: Machado Júnior Elisio Augusto de Souza , Costa Daniela Carvalho Almeida da
Published: December 2019

O artigo trata da racionalidade da dogmática-penal e sua importância, segundo uma leitura fundada na teoria dos sistemas, como estrutura normativa que cumpre a função social de garantir liberdades e conter o avanço do poder punitivo. Partindo do debate epistemológico sobre a condição científica, por meio da revisão bibliográfica, o objetivo é analisar a importância que a dogmática-penal assume como critério de racionalização, condicionando a construção do conhecimento à observância de pressupostos teóricos que equacionam a necessidade de tutela de bens jurídicos. Conclui-se que há relevância em reconhecer seu caráter científico como estratégia para lhe conferir maior legitimidade.
Desafios da Inovação Tecnológica para a Sustentabilidade Intergeracional
Authors: Boff Salete Oro
Published: December 2019

A inovação tecnológica causa inquietações entre preservar os valores de sustentabilidade ou atender à pressão de agentes econômicos pela exploração do “novo”. Com esses pressupostos, utilizando-se o método dedutivo, serão analisados os desafios da inovação tecnológica para a sustentabilidade intergeracional. Considera-se que esses temas estão relacionados a valores e a direitos fundamentais do ser humano que superam as percepções do presente, envolvendo a responsabilidade com as futuras gerações.
Ukraine
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
Published: December 2019

In the aftermath of Euromaidan revolution early 2014, the public demand for local selfgovernment
and devolution of power, brought fiscal decentralization to the top of the reform
agenda. As a result, a decentralization reform was introduced in late 2014, which helped to
improve subnational government’s financial capacity, self-sufficiency, and flexibility.
The reform resulted in an overall improvement of subnational government finances. Compared
with 2014, own revenues of subnational governments increased, while current expenditure
declined. This created additional space for capital expenditure, which almost doubled as a
percent of GDP, from 2014 to 2016. Overall subnational governments recorded a combined
surplus of 1.0 and 0.7 percent of GDP in 2015 and 2016, respectively.
Despite these significant reforms and positive fiscal outcomes, Ukraine’s subnational finance
system is still facing important challenges, which are described below, together with proposed
measures to address them.
Ukraine
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
Published: December 2019

The mission examined the latest proposal to substitute the current Corporate Profit Tax (CPT) for
a Distributed Profit Tax (DPT), in Ukraine also referred to as the Exit Capital Tax (ECT). The mission
did not find any new elements to change the position expressed in FAD’s previous technical
report on tax policy (May 2017): the proposal is bad tax policy, detrimental for Ukraine on several
fronts.
Ukraine
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
Published: December 2019

Ukraine has made good progress over the past three years in implementing reforms to strengthen medium-term budget planning and improve the quality of public spending. Following amendments to the Budget Code in late 2018, a medium-term budget framework (MTBF) has been adopted. A Budget Declaration, covering 2020 to 2022 was submitted to Cabinet, outlining medium-term fiscal prospects and expenditure ceilings for key spending units. To strengthen accountability and spending outcomes, multi-year performance targets for programs were included in the Budget Declaration and spending reviews have been initiated in five ministries. Still, there are several technical aspects of MTBF implementation that, if not handled carefully, have the potential to undermine the effectiveness of these important reforms.
Relationship between anthropometric and electromyographic variables of the scapular muscles
Authors: Mendez-Rebolledo Guillermo , Guzman-Muňoz Eduardo , Concha-Araya Juan , Aravena-Falcon Matias , Galvez-Gonzalez Victor , Berral de la Rosa Francisco Jose
Published: December 2019

Purpose

To determine the relationship between skinfolds and onset latency of scapular muscles in healthy young adults.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was carried out at the Biomechanics and Motor Control Laboratory of Saint Thomas University, Talca, Chile. Overall, 36 participants between 18 and 24 years of age were selected. The axillary, pectoral, and subscapular skinfolds were measured, as well as the electromyographic onset latency of the scapular muscles (serratus
anterior and trapezius) when performing a voluntary arm abduction task. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used.

Results

There was a positive correlation between the axillary skinfold and the lower trapezius (r = 0.51, p = 0.002) and serratus anterior (r = 0.53, p = 0.001) muscle onset latencies, and also between the subscapular skinfold and the lower trapezius (r = 0.38, p = 0.022) and serratus anterior (r = 0.73, p < 0.001) muscle onset latencies.

Conclusions

During a voluntary abduction arm movement, a greater thickness of axillary and subscapular skinfolds is related to an increase in the lower trapezius and serratus anterior muscle onset latencies.
Can multimedia enhance tactical teaching-learning-training in soccer? The case of Sphero™
Authors: Hallé Petiot Grégory , Aquino Rodrigo , Lehmann Valérie
Published: December 2019

Purpose

The study aimed to compare the players’ and coach’s individual perception of tactical competence before and after an intervention based on imagery techniques and a multimedia resource (SpheroTM).

Methods

SpheroTM, a teleguided miniature ball rolling in any direction, was applied to teach tactics before and during training sessions and games over a 5-week specific training program. The ball was used to represent a game ball, and cones were placed on a miniature soccer pitch to simulate the play and explain the coach’s directives. The execution and the understanding of pre-game directives were respectively evaluated by the coach and the players themselves, before and after the training program. An empirical pre-post treatment was used to compare 245 rates provided by 14 players of an under-14 amateur soccer team in Canada. Descriptive analysis was performed and the t-test or Wilcoxon test (z) were used for pairedcomparison (pre- vs. post-training). The statistical significance of the results was set at p < 0.05.

Results

After 5 weeks of training with the use of SpheroTM, results showed that the players appreciated their ability to play in accordance with directives, and that the coach was able to observe his directives through how they played, although the assessment scores of understanding remained the same.

Conclusions

A teaching setup involving SpheroTM allowed a good understanding but training was necessary to reach better assessment scores for the actual application of the directives.
Effect of Mulligan upper cervical manual traction in the treatment of cervicogenic headache: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Khalil Mohamed A. , Alkhozamy Hamed , Fadle Salwa , Hefny Abdelsalam M. , Ismail Mostafa A.
Published: December 2019

Introduction

Cervicogenic headache (CGH) is a serious condition manifested by upper cervical facet joints dysfunction. Mulligan upper cervical sustained natural apophyseal glide was noted to be effective in CGH but Mulligan upper cervical manual traction (MUCMT) has not yet been investigated. The purpose of the study was to compare the effect of MUCMT vs. traditional treatment (TT) in patients with CGH.

Methods

A randomized controlled prospective parallel single-blind trial was performed. Overall, 30 patients with CGH aged 30–55 years were randomly and equally allocated into the MUCMT group (A) and TT group (B) by using permuted block randomization. Group A participants were treated by TT and MUCMT while group B received hot packs, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, and deep cervical flexors strengthening exercise. Patients gained 3 sessions every week for 3 weeks followed by home exercise for 3 months. Pre-treatment, post-treatment, and follow-up values for all outcome measures were recorded. The primary outcome was headache intensity. Secondary outcomes involved headache frequency, headache duration, neck disability index, and upper cervical rotation range of motion.

Results

Within groups, statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in the comparison of pre- vs. post-treatment and post-treatment vs. follow-up mean values of all outcomes. Between groups, no statistical significance was observed in post-treatment and follow-up data, with 1 exception regarding upper cervical range of motion in favour of MUCMT.

Conclusions

MUCMT is an effective treatment in patients with CGH, mainly with regard to upper cervical rotation range of motion.
Optical properties and molecular compositions of water-soluble and water-insoluble brown carbon (BrC) aerosols in Northwest China
Authors: Li Jianjun , Zhang Qi , Wang Gehui , Li Jin , Wu Can , Liu Lang , Wang Jiayuan , Jiang Wenqing , Li Lijuan , Ho Kin Fai , Cao Junji
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Brown carbon (BrC) contributes significantly to aerosol light absorption, thus can affect the earth's radiation balance and atmospheric photochemical processes. In this study, we examined the light absorption properties and molecular compositions of water-soluble (WS) and water-insoluble (WI) BrC in PM2.5 collected from a rural site in the Guanzhong Basin – a highly polluted region in Northwest China. Both WS-BrC and WI-BrC showed elevated light absorption coefficients (Abs) in winter (4–7 times of those in summer) mainly attributed to enhanced emissions from residential biomass burning (BB) for heating. While the average mass absorption coefficients at 365 nm (MAC365) of WS-BrC were similar between daytime and nighttime in summer (0.99 ± 0.17 and 1.01 ± 0.18 m2 g−1, respectively), the average MAC365 of WI-BrC was more than a factor of 2 higher during daytime (2.45 ± 1.14 m2 g−1) than at night (1.18 ± 0.36 m2 g−1). This difference was mainly attributed to enhanced photochemical formation of WI-BrC species, such as oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OPAHs). In contrast, the MACs of WS-BrC and WI-BrC were generally similar in winter and both showed little diel differences. The Abs of WS-BrC correlated strongly with relative humidity, sulfate, and NO2, suggesting that aqueous-phase reactions is an important pathway for secondary BrC formation during the winter season in Northwest China. Nitrophenols on average contributed 2.44 ± 1.78 % of the Abs of WS-BrC in winter, but only 0.12 ± 0.03 % in summer due to faster photodegradation reactions. WS-BrC and WI-BrC were estimated to account for 0.83 ± 0.23 % and 0.53 ± 0.33 %, respectively, of the total down-welling solar radiation in the UV range in summer, and 1.67 ± 0.72 % and 2.07 ± 1.24 %, respectively, in winter. The total absorption by BrC in the UV region was about 55–79 % relative to the elemental carbon (EC) absorption.
How many solar wind data are sufficient for accurate fluxgate magnetometer offset determinations?
Authors: Plaschke Ferdinand
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Accurate magnetic field measurements by fluxgate magnetometers onboard spacecraft require ground and regular in-flight calibration activities. Therewith, the parameters of a coupling matrix and an offset vector are adjusted; they are needed to transform raw magnetometer outputs into calibrated magnetic field measurements. The components of the offset vector are typically determined by analyzing Alfvénic fluctuations in the solar wind if solar wind measurements are available. These are characterized by changes in the field components, while the magnetic field modulus stays constant. In this paper, the following question is answered: how many solar wind data are sufficient for accurate fluxgate magnetometer offset determinations? It is found that approximately 40 h of solar wind data are sufficient to achieve offset accuracies of 0.2 nT, and about 20 h suffice for accuracies of 0.3 nT or better if the magnetometer offsets do not drift within these time intervals and if the spacecraft fields do not vary at the sensor position. Offset determinations with uncertainties lower than 0.1 nT, however, would require at least hundreds of hours of solar wind data.
A regional atmosphere–ocean climate system model (CCLMv5.0clm7-NEMOv3.3-NEMOv3.6) over Europe including three marginal seas: on its stability and performance
Authors: Primo Cristina , Kelemen Fanni D. , Feldmann Hendrik , Akhtar Naveed , Ahrens Bodo
Published: December 2019

Abstract. The frequency of extreme events has changed, having a
direct impact on human lives. Regional climate models help us to predict
these regional climate changes. This work presents an atmosphere–ocean
coupled regional climate system model (RCSM; with the atmospheric component
COSMO-CLM and the ocean component NEMO) over the European domain, including
three marginal seas: the Mediterranean, North, and Baltic Sea. To
test the model, we evaluate a simulation of more than 100 years
(1900–2009) with a spatial grid resolution of about 25 km. The simulation was
nested into a coupled global simulation with the model MPI-ESM in a
low-resolution configuration, whose ocean temperature and salinity were
nudged to the ocean–ice component of the MPI-ESM forced with the NOAA
20th Century Reanalysis (20CR). The evaluation shows the robustness of
the RCSM and discusses the added value by the coupled marginal seas over an
atmosphere-only simulation. The coupled system is stable for the complete
20th century and provides a better representation of extreme
temperatures compared to the atmosphere-only model. The produced long-term
dataset will help us to better understand the processes leading to
meteorological and climate extremes.
A global Budyko model to partition evaporation into interception and transpiration
Authors: Mianabadi Ameneh , Coenders-Gerrits Miriam , Shirazi Pooya , Ghahraman Bijan , Alizadeh Amin
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Evaporation is a crucial flux in the hydrological cycle and links the water
and energy balance of a catchment. The Budyko framework is often used to
provide a first-order estimate of evaporation, as it is a straightforward
model with only rainfall and potential evaporation as required input. Many
researchers have improved the Budyko framework by including more physics and catchment characteristics in the original equation. However, the
parameterization of these improved Budyko models is not so straightforward,
is data demanding, and requires local knowledge that is difficult to obtain at
the global scale. In this paper we present an improvement of the previously
presented Gerrits' model (“Analytical derivation of the Budyko curve based
on rainfall characteristics and a simple evaporation model” in Gerrits et
al., 2009 WRR), whereby total evaporation is calculated on the basis of
simple interception and transpiration thresholds in combination with
measurable parameters like rainfall dynamics and storage availability from
remotely sensed data sources. While Gerrits' model was previously
investigated for 10 catchments with different climate conditions and where
some parameters were assumed to be constant, in this study we applied the
model at the global scale and fed the model with remotely sensed input data. The output of the model has been compared to two complex land-surface
models, STEAM and GLEAM, as well as the database of Landflux-EVAL. Our
results show that total evaporation estimated by Gerrits' model is in good
agreement with Landflux-EVAL, STEAM, and GLEAM. The results also show that
Gerrits' model underestimates interception in comparison to STEAM and
overestimates it in comparison to GLEAM, whereas the opposite is found for
transpiration. Errors in interception can partly be explained by differences in the definition of interception that successively introduce errors in the calculation of transpiration. Relating to the Budyko framework, the model shows a reasonable performance for the estimation of total evaporation. The results also found a unimodal distribution of the transpiration to precipitation fraction (EtP), indicating that both increasing and decreasing aridity will result in a decline in the fraction of transpired rainfall by plants for growth and metabolism.
Financial Impedance Matching Method for Enhancing University-Firm Technology Transfer
Authors: Vega-Gonzalez Luis Roberto
Published: December 2019

Universities and R&D institutions undertake projects to create technological solutions, and at the same time, they teach, produce new knowledge, and learn. Since most universities in the developing world lack industrial production capacities, the technology they create is considered pre-competitive. However, a major goal of technological development is to create products and make them available in the market to different economic sectors in order to help people to solve problems and improve their quality of life. Due to its limitations to accomplish this goal, the university needs to transfer its propriety technology to industrial or entrepreneurial partners. Nevertheless, the definition of technology transfer agreement terms represents a complex communication problem, particularly the appraisal of the value of the technology made by both counterparts. This is partly because current technology valuation methods often disregard the point of view of both counterparts, even though the university’s interests are completely different from the firm’s interests. This paper proposes a technology valuation method using an analogy taken from physical systems, the method of impedance matching in electrical circuits, which intends to engage both parties in a common project with a common aim. The proposed method is tested using a technology transfer contract signed between the Applied Sciences and Technology Institute (UNAM) and a producer of biomedical prostheses.
The Allocation of Conditional Cash Transfer Programs: Political Motives and Voting Effects
Authors: Nupia Oskar
Published: December 2019

This article reports evidence concerning both the political manipulation in the regional allocation of the largest conditional cash transfer program in Colombia, and the political rewards that the incumbent national government obtained in the presidential elections by providing this program. To do this, we use a comprehensive data set for Colombian municipalities during the expansion period of the program between 2005 and 2009. Our evidence shows that, although the incumbent government followed the preestablished criteria for program allocation across municipalities, this manipulated the allocation of subsidies by targeting intensively swing municipalities and less intensively loyal municipalities. Our findings also show that, even after controlling for the effect of the political manipulation of the program on the incumbent vote share, the incumbent national government was politically rewarded by the electorate for providing subsidies through the program. Taken together, our results suggest that voters rewarded the incumbent governing coalition not only for redirecting the subsidies of the program but also for the allocation of subsidies in itself.
Safety Analysis of Continuous Green Through Lane Intersections
Authors: Sando Tobias , Chimba Deo , Kwigizile Valerian , Walker Holly
Published: December 2019

This paper examines safety characteristics of continuous green through lane (CGTL) intersections using paired-t test and ordered probit (OP) statistical models. The results suggest that there is a significant difference between the proportions of sideswipe crashes in the CGTL direction compared with the opposite direction. However, the results did not suggest a significant difference between the proportions of rear-end and right-angle crashes for the CGTL and normal directions. The results further suggest that angle crashes and crashes involving lane changing maneuvers are significantly more severe compared with rear-end crashes.
Economic Analysis of the Forest Promotion, Forest-Saving Program, Installed in the Southern Half of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil
Authors: Bortolotto Guilherme Casassola , Junior Romano Timofeiczyk , Buratto David , Oliveira Gustavo Silva
Published: December 2019

This study aimed to analyze economically the forest promotion, forest-saving program installed in the southern half of Rio do Grande do Sul State, Brazil, as an income alternative and potential supplier of raw material in the forest production segment. Cost data were calculated for the total of 269 projects per hectare and divided into Inputs and Services. The revenues were derived from the sale of standing timber at the end of the forest production cycle, not including harvesting costs. For economic analysis, criteria from Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit Cost Ratio (B/C), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Equivalent Annual Value (EAV) were used. The interest rate used was 7.0% per year according to the promotion program. The project presents at seven years a NPV of $542.90 and an IRR of 16.0%, showing to be feasible and attractive. The costs and revenues from the year seven planting were analyzed and with addenda at years 8, 9, and 10, demonstrated that greater project profitability gains are achieved between years 8 and 9 with an increase of $463.18 in relation to year 8. This represents a profitability of 49.0% which had an increase of $229.61 when compared to year 7. The sensitivity analysis demonstrated the inverse relationship trend that exists between the NPV and the interest rate.

The project’s return capacity from the seventh year is precisely referenced by the freezing of the debt, which did not accrue an interest rate adjustment, as well as the price per cubic meter of timber, which remains readjusting as zero bases.
Correlations Between Stability Statistics of Forage Production in Elephant Grass
Authors: Daher Rogerio F. , Menezes Bruna R. S. , Gravina Geraldo A. , Filho Benedito F. de Souza , Vidal Ana Kesia Faria , Stida Wanessa Fracesconi , Freitas Rafael Souza , Souza Alexandre Gomes de , Novo Antonio Alonso Cecon , Pereira Antonio Vander , Santos Paulo Ricardo dos
Published: December 2019

Elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) is an important forage plant in the tropics and the potential of genotypes depends on the genotype × environment interaction effects. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare different stability methods of forage production of 53 elephant grass genotypes, in Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. The experiment lasted two years, a total of ten cuts with randomized block experimental design with two replications. The analysis of variance was applied to data from dry matter production (DMP), subjected to stability analysis using the following methods: Yates and Cochran, Plaisted and Peterson, ecovalence Wrickie, Kang and Phan, Lin and Bins, and Annicchiarico. The Yates and Cochran method showed more stable genotypes but being less productive. Plaisted and Peterson and ecovalence Wrickie methods presented a Spearman correlation equal to 1, so it is not recommended to implement them concurrently. Lin and Bins showed a strong negative correlation with the average being a method that indicates the genotype also very stable and productive. This method correlates with Annicchiarico, which also indicates productive genotypes by the confidence index. The genotypes most stable among the methods were: Pusa Napier 2, Taiwan A-143 and Merckeron Comum.
Effect of Food Attractants and Insecticide Toxicity for the Control of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Adults
Authors: Justiniano Wagner , Fernandes Marcos Gino
Published: December 2019

An alternative for the population suppression of Spodoptera frugiperda is the use of toxic baits. The objective of this study was to evaluate the dietary preference and toxic effect of insecticides associated with the attractiveness of S. frugiperda adults as a pest management method. The following attractions were tested: 1) 5% sucrose solution, 2) 10% sugarcane syrup, 3) 10% honey, 4) 5% hydrolyzed protein, 5) Noctovi® 43sb, 6) Noctovi® OVI PLU 1-3, 7) Noctovi® OVI PHE/PAL 50-50 in the study with choice. Attractions: 1) sugarcane syrup 10%, 2) Noctovi® 43sb, 3) Noctovi® 43sb + sugarcane syrup 10%, 4) Noctovi® OVI PLU 1-3 in the study with no chance of choice. For the toxicity study, the food attraction associated with insecticides was used: methomyl 2%, lambda-cyhalothrin 1%, chlorpyriphos 2%, spinosad 1%, chlorantraniliprole 2% and chlorfenapyr 2%. The experimental design was the completely randomized design (CRD) with chance of choice, without chance of choice and toxicity. The following parameters were evaluated: number of insects that fed; time in minutes that remained in the attractive food and mortality. The molasses (10%) and Noctovi® 43sb food attractiveness were significantly more efficient in relation to feeding time and the highest number of landings was observed in the Noctovi® 43sb treatment, both in females and total adults. Methomyl, lambda-cyhalothrin and spinosad insecticides associated with food attractiveness are promising toxic baits for the management of S. frugiperda.
Effect of Water Deficit on Gas Exchange Responses to Intercellular CO2 Concentration Increase of Quercus suber L. Seedlings
Authors: Baraket Mokhtar , Fkiri Sondes , Taghouti Ibtissam , Kachout Salma Sai , Ennajah Amel , Khaldi Abdelhamid , Nasr Zouhair
Published: December 2019

In north Tunisia, the Quercus suber L. forests have shown a great decline indices as well as a non-natural regeneration. The climate changes could accentuate this unappreciated situation. In this study, the effect of water deficit on physiological behavior of Quercus suber seedlings was investigated. Photosynthetic responses of 15 months old Cork oak seedlings grown for 30 days under 40% and 80% soil water water content (control) were evaluated. Results showed a negative effect of water deficit and a positive effect of the intercellular CO2 concentration increase both on photosynthesis and transpiration. Stomata conductance might play a major role in balancing gas exchanges between the leaf and its environment. Moreover, global warming could negatively affect carbon uptake of Cork oak species in northern Tunisia. Elevated CO2 leaf content will benefit Cork oak growing under water deficit by decreasing both photoysnthesis and transpiration, which will decrease either the rate or the severity of water deficits, with limited effects on metabolism. the results suggest that high intercellular CO2 concentration could increase water use efficiency among Cork oak species.
The Influence of Oxidizing Agent in the Chemical Deposition of Polypyrrole on Lead Alloy Surface
Authors: Pinheiro Inês Moreira Vilanova , Cho Liu Yao
Published: December 2019

Polypyrrole (PPy) layers were deposited on lead metallic surface using hydrogen peroxide or benzoyl peroxide as oxidizing agent associated with different types of dopants: phosphoric acid, stearic acid and dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid. Lead alloy was chosen because of its importance in energy industrial application and also because its primary source of extraction is running out, there is an increasingly urgent need to extend its life cycle. For the in situ chemical deposition of PPy, it was considered the combination of only one oxidizing agent and one dopant, being the experiment performed with the combination of these reagents. The morphology and corrosion protection effectiveness of the PPy layer was studied by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Open Circuit Potential (OCP) and Potentiodynamic Polarization. The experimental results demonstrate that PPy layer was effectively formed as a coating layer and Hydrogen Peroxide performed better and consistent protection efficiency when compared to Benzoyl Peroxide.
The revised method for calculating of the optimal train control mode
Authors: Zhelieznov Konstantyn I. , Akulov Artem S. , Zabolotniy Oleksandr M. , Ursulyak Lyudmila V. , Chabanuk Evgenij V. , Shvets Angela O. , Kuznetsov Valeriy G. , Radkevych Anatolii V.
Published: December 2019

Development of a method for calculating the optimal mode of conducting a train in terms of energy saving meet the safety requirements and schedules. The method of calculation must solve the assigned tasks without significant time spent on the calculation. To implement this method of calculation was used a simplified model of the train as a controlled system. The existing mathematical and algorithmic methods for solving isoperimetric problems of finding the optimal solution in the presence of restrictions on resources were the information base for methodology development. Scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists, professional periodicals, materials of scientific and practical conferences, methodical and normative materials, currently in force on Ukrainian Railways. The results of these studies were used to create simulators on the basis of computer technology for the training of locomotive drivers. The scientific novelty of the proposed calculation method consists in applying the simplified calculations of the status of the train as a controlled system, without the use of differential equations of motion that allows to significantly increase the speed of the calculations. This, in turn, will solve the problems of finding optimal control in real time, taking into account changing conditions during the movement of the train. The practical significance of the obtained results is the use of such a calculation method that does not require significant time for its implementation and can be used as a subsystem of the on-board train control system capable of per-forming calculations taking into account changes in the current train situation.
Simulation and comparison of two fusion methods for macroscopic fundamental diagram estimation
Authors: Lin Xiaohui , Xu Jianmin , Cao Chengtao
Published: December 2019

Accurate estimation of macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) is the precondition of MFD’s application. At present, there are two traditional estimation methods of road network’s MFD, such as the loop detector data (LDD) estimation method and the floating car data (FCD) estimation method, but there are limitations in both traditional estimation methods. In order to improve the accuracy of road network MFD estimation, a few scholars have studied the fusion method of road network MFD estimation, but there are still some shortcomings on the whole. However, based on the research of adaptive weighted averaging (AWA) fusion method for MFD estimation of road network, I propose to use the MFD’s two parameters of road network obtained by LDD estimation method and FCD estimation method, and establish a back-propagation neural network data fusion model for MFD parameters of road network (BPNN estimation fusion method), and then the micro-traffic simulation model of connected-vehicle network based on Vissim software is established by taking the intersection group of the core road network in Tianhe District of Guangzhou as the simulation experimental area, finally, compared and analyzed two MFD estimation fusion methods of road network, in order to determine the best MFD estimation fusion method of road network. The results show that the mean absolute percent error (MAPE) of the parameters of road network’s MFD and the average absolute values of difference values of the state ratio of road network’s MFD are both the smallest after BPNN estimation fusion, which is the closest to the standard MFD of road network. It can be seen that the result of BPNN estimation fusion method is better than that of AWA estimation fusion method, which can improve the accuracy of road network MFD estimation effectively.
Berth allocation problem: formulation and a Tunisian case study.
Authors: Kallel Lobna , Benaissa Ezzeddine , Kamoun Hichem , Benaissa Mounir
Published: December 2019

This paper examines one of the most important operational problems in seaport terminals, namely the Berth Allocation Problem (BAP) which finds an optimal assignment of ships to the berths that minimize the total waiting time of all ships and reduce congestion in ports. Our problem is to affect and schedule n ships on m berths to minimize the processing time and the waiting time for all the ships in the port. Therefore, ships stay time in the port known by the flow time, while respecting the physical constraints existing at the port (such as the depth of the water berth and the draft of the ship’s water), knowing that each ship can only accommodate one ship at a time. It is as if it was a case of n tasks and m machines in parallel, and we wanted to schedule the passage of different tasks on different machines, knowing that each task can only pass on one machine and that the interruption of the task is not allowed. For example, if a job started on a machine, it will remain on this machine up to its completion. In our case, tasks are ships and machines are berths that are opting to minimize the total flow time and, therefore, to decrease the residence time of all the ships in the port. In a first step, a Mixed Integer Linear Program model is designed to address the BAP with the aim of minimizing the flow time of the ships in the port, our sample can be used for both static and dynamic berth allocation cases.
In a second step, this model is illustrated with a real case study in the Tunisian port of Rades and solved by a commercial solver CPLEX. Calculation results are presented and compared with those obtained by port authorities in Radès.
Elements of the model positioning of aircraft on the apron
Authors: Gołda Paweł , Kowalski Mirosław , Wasser Cezary , Dygnatowski Paweł , Szporka Aleksander
Published: December 2019

The design of airports and the organization of their work requires the recognition of the basic components of the air transport process, consisting of an "aerial" part, including the landing phase and the landing operation itself, as well as take-off, the "ground" part, including the task of taxiing aircraft on apron, ground handling tasks, "terminal" part, including passenger handling tasks. These elements form a cause-and-effect sequence, or a series-parallel structure that determines the quality of services provided by the airport, their efficiency, reliability and price. The article presents the issues of decision support for the operation and maintenance of airport infrastructure and traffic management on the ramp and within the airport, i.e. the operation of allocating aircraft to the gates of "gates" using simulation tools. Aircraft taxiing operations on the tarmac integrate the flight phase (along with its components and its problems, such as arriving and departing sequencing) with the ground handling phase of aircraft and passengers at terminals. The model presented in the article is a single element of a holistic approach to the operation of an airport. The overall model consists of the development of decision models for the organization of aircraft traffic on the apron, algorithms for their solution and the possibility of practical application as a simulation tool for analyzing and assessing aircraft traffic processes in the take-off, taxiing and landing phase. To describe the model, a formal mapping of the structure of the necessary airport elements was proposed. A formal record of boundary conditions and criteria relevant to aircraft allocation processes is presented due to the minimization of travel time of passengers transferring between two aircraft assigned to two different gates.
Test results can be used in practice, among others by airspace controllers and airport designers for: analyzing and assessing the possibilities of increasing airport capacity, analyzing and assessing the determination of taxiway lengths, maintaining high safety reserves, etc.
Analysis of Ultimate Load-Carrying Capacity of Combined Connection with Bolts and Welds
Authors: LAN Tao
Published: December 2019

In this paper, load-carrying and deformation capacity of tension lap splices that have both welds and bolts acting in the same shear plane are studied using numerical method. The failure criterion of bolts and welds are given based on the finite element calculation and compared with existing experiment results, it shows that the established numerical model is correct and reliable. The strength of longitudinal welds and the bearing capacity of the high-strength bolts before slipping can be fully used in the combined joints, the bolts and welds fail almost simultaneously. The deformation of welds in combined connections is less uniform than its’ deformation in welded joints as the welds fails, and it causes the deformation of welds as failure is larger in combined connections than in welded connections. The deformation capacity of the combined joint are slightly increased contrasted with bolts joint and welds joint because of the interplay of bolts and welds acting in the same shear plane. The strengths of welds and bolts performed in combined connections can reach 0.95 and the deformation of combined connection is increased at least 1.10 times as the welds connection or the bolts connection.
Les idées linguistiques de Lucien Tesnière. Deuxième partie
Authors: Bidaud Samuel
Published: December 2019

Cet article constitue la deuxième partie de notre étude sur les idées linguistiques de Lucien Tesnière, dont la première partie a paru dans le numéro précédent de Studies about languages. Après avoir analysé les idées linguistiques les plus théoriques de Tesnière, notamment sa syntaxe structurale, nous nous intéressons ici à l’aspect plus « appliqué » de sa linguistique, même si théorie et application sont souvent liées chez Tesnière et peuvent parfois être difficiles à dissocier. Nous analysons tout d’abord la conception de la didactique des langues étrangères et du français que Tesnière développe, en partie en se fondant sur les acquis de la syntaxe structurale. Nous nous penchons ensuite sur la place de la géographie linguistique dans l’œuvre de Tesnière, puisque ce dernier s’y consacre dès le début de sa carrière avec son doctorat sur le duel en slovène et l’Atlas linguistique qui en découle. Enfin, nous revenons sur l’intérêt que Tesnière a toujours témoigné pour la littérature et sur la traduction et l’analyse qu’il propose du poète Oton Joupantchitch dans son ouvrage Oton Joupantchitch, poète slovène : l’homme et l’œuvre de 1931. Nous nous interrogeons pour conclure sur les conseils aux jeunes linguistes formulés par Tesnière.
Incongruity-specific British and American Humour from the Perspective of Translation Studies
Authors: Nikonova Vira , Boiko Yana , Savina Yuliia
Published: December 2019

The aim of this study is to reveal the interrelation between the national character of the comic, its cognitive mechanisms and the choice of the strategy while representing the comic in Ukrainian translations of J. K. Jerome’s and O. Henry’s flash fiction. First, using the methodological principles of Linguoculturology, we determine how sociocultural context influenced the British and American authors’ consciousness which determined the cultural aspect of their individual worldview and the specifics of their sense of humour. Then we identified the comically marked contexts in J. K. Jerome’s and O. Henry’s flash fiction using the methodology of linguopoetic research, and revealed the features of incongruity as the cognitive mechanisms of the comic in their works applying the methods of cognitive linguistics. At the final stage, we performed the translation analysis of the distinguished comically marked contexts evaluating the strategies used for representing the comic in Ukrainian translation.

The analysis of the research material elucidates the following conclusions. The cultural background of the British or American writer determines the specifics of incongruity (logical, notional, valorative and ontological) as the cognitive mechanisms of the comic embodied in their flash fiction which, in its turn, strongly influences the choice of the translation strategy. The comic in J. K. Jerome’s fiction is represented in Ukrainian translations mostly by using the strategies of preservation and localization, while O. Henry’s humour is rendered by using localization and addition. Hence, the strategies of representing the comic in Ukrainian translation highly depend on the comic pictures of the world of the author and the target reader.
Frame Semantics and Translation of Intertextuality
Authors: Tatsakovych Uliana
Published: December 2019

The article investigates intertextuality and its translation in the context of frame semantics and R. Schank’s dynamic memory theory. The study provides an overview of linguistic and psychological theories examining the role of frames and visualisation in conceptualising reality and discusses their application to the understanding and translation of intertextuality. The theory of dynamic memory is used to explain the nature of textual and intertextual frames and build visual models of their mappings. Based on the analysis of 70 examples of the translation of intertextuality (quotations and allusions) from M. Atwood’s novel The Handmaid’s Tale and its Ukrainian translation, six translation techniques are identified. They are outlined on the basis of the transference of linguistic elements and the conceptual information activated by them (frame mappings, mental images). The examples are compared in terms of cognitive equivalence, which is also defined within the presented approach. The study generally adopts a broader view of intertextuality as a cognitive category and translation as a cognitive process to contribute to the development of cognitive poetics and cognitive translatology.
Eleonore Stump’s Critique of Penal Substitutionary Atonement Theories
Authors: Craig William Lane ,   The Society of Christian Philosophers
Published: December 2019

The first three chapters of Eleonore Stump’s Atonement are devoted to a critique of atonement theories she styles “Anselmian,” including penal substitutionary theories. I focus on her critique of the latter. She presents three groups of objections labeled “internal problems,” “external problems,” and “further problems,” before presenting what she takes to be “the central and irremediable problem” facing such accounts. The external and further problems are seen to be irrelevant to penal substitutionary theories once they are properly understood. Her four internal problems are shown to be far from conclusive. Finally, her identified central problem is seen to be spurious because (i) given Stump’s definitions of love and forgiveness, it is not true that God, as characterized by penal substitutionary theories, fails to be perfectly loving and forgiving, and (ii) Stump’s entire approach to the doctrine of the atonement is mistakenly predicated on construing God as a private party involved in a personal dispute rather than as a Judge and Ruler.
Novelty in Twentieth-Century French and Process Philosophy
Authors: Macallan Brian Claude ,   The Center for Process Studies
Published: December 2019

This article explores the thesis that novelty is central to a wide and diverse range of French philosophers in the twentieth century. Often these philosophers are seen on different sides of philosophic divides, but novelty brings them together. I will explore some of the fruitful areas for dialogue between French and process philosophy, particularly around the theme of novelty.