bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HOLOTHURIOIDEA (ECHINODERMATA) DE AGUAS SOMERAS EN LA COSTA NORTE DE COLOMBIA
Authors: Caycedo Iván Enrique
Published: October 2017

Systematic and ecological remarks are presented on 14 species of shallow water holothurians of the northern coast of Colombia. The material was collected from Islas del Rosario off the coast southwest of Cartagena (10° 08' 39" Lat. N 75° 43, 21" Long. W) and from Tayrona National Park to the north east of Santa Marta (11° 20, Lat. N and 74 05, Long. W). Ten species are new records to Colombia, one of them appeared to be undescribed as yet (Holothuria thomaú sp. nov. Pawson & Caycedo, in preparation). A key to these species is given. The occurrence of some species in abundance in different habitats is discussed in order to elucidate ecological interrelationships and facilitate field identification.
NOTES ON THE BIOLOGY OF Oncideres bouchardii BATES (Coleóptera: Cerambycidae), A TRUPILLO TWIG GIRDTER FROM SANTA MARTA, COLOMBIA
Authors: Koster Friedemann
Published: October 2017

Aspects of the biology of Oncideres bouchardii Bates from Santa Marta, Colombia are described. Imagines of this twig girdler appear shortly after the rainy season during the months of November to February, ringing twigs and branches of trupillo trees, Prosopis juliflora (L.) and aromo bushes, Acacia fameÿiana Willd. Observations showed that this activity is only performed by the females, which commonly copulate at the same time. After girdling the twig, the females lay their white eggs one by one into especially prepared egg cavities that are sealed after oviposition. There is evidence that locating the entrance to the future egg chamber with the ovipositor is greatly facilitated by means of a marking on the bark made with the ovipositor while making the entrance with the mandibles. The eggs are deposited by means of the telescopic and inflatable ovipositor which is inserted deeply under the bark through hemolymph pressure and acts to force open the egg chamber between bark and wood. After approximately a week the larvae hatch and soon dig into the drying twig. The lifecycle of Oncideres bouchardii lasts one year, the longest part of it belonging to the larval stage. Most imagines live less than a week or two, although a few survive as long as 45 days. In places where much destruction of the trees is caused by this twig girdler, it is recommended to collect and burn the girdled twigs or branches that contain the woodboring larvae or eggs of the species.
ALGUNOS TREMATODOS (DIGINEA) DE PECES MARINOS DEL NORTE DE COLOMBIA
Authors: Vélez Imelda
Published: October 2017

During a study of the digenea (Trematoda) of the snappers (Lutjanidae), there was an opportunity to examine marine fishes from other families. The trematodes found in the latter are here described ailong with their life cycles and their distributions in the Caribbean.
ANOTACIONES ECOLOGICAS Y SISTEMATICAS SOBRE LOS PECES DE LA FAMILIA POMACENTRIDAE EN EL CARIBE COLOMBIANO*
Authors: Acero P. Arturo
Published: October 2017

Hasta el momento se han identificado catorce especies de peces de la familia Pomacentridae en el Caribe colombiano. Siete de ellas en el género Eupomacentrus, incluyendo E. dorsopunicans, E. planifrons, E. pariitus, E. leucostictus, £. <mellis, E. variabilis y la estuarina E. otophorus. Las dos especies de Abudefduf del Caribe son conocidas en Colombia, A. saxatilis y A. taurus. Microspathodon chrysurus es uno de los pomacéntridos más abundantes en los arrecifes coralinos colombianos, destacándose los juveniles de esta especie, pues desarrollan un comportamiento especial, que se expresa picando los costados de los pec2S que solicitan limpieza., disturbándolos. Chromis posee cuatro especies conocidas en el área, C. cyanea y C. multilmeata, que habitan en aguas más o menos someras, y C. scotti y C. insolata, moradores d,e aguas más profundas.
COMENTARIOS PRELIMINARES SOBRE LOS CLINIDOS (TELEOS TEI: PERCIFORMES: CLINIDAE) DEL CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Acero P. Arturo
Published: October 2017

Included is a list of the 26 clinid species known from the Colombian Caribbean. Labrisomus sp., L. albigenys, L. bucciferus, Starksia atlantica, Acanthemblemaria rwasi, Coralliozetus sp., Ekemblemaria nigra, Emblemariopsis sp. and Enneanectes sp., are new reports from the northern Caribbean coast of South America. Malacoctenus macropus and Stathmonotus stahli (subespecies tekla) are new reports from the Colombian Caribbean. The richness of species of clinid fishes of the southern Caribbean is demostrated since there are 49 species known, of which 13 are supposed to be exclusive to this zone. This restricted zoogeographical distribution is clearly shown for the chaenopsids, since one fourth of the Caribbean species are known only from the south. The genera Ekemblemaria, Coralliozetus and Protemblemaria have been speciated principally in the American Pacific and in the Caribbean next to the Isthmus of Panama.
CONTRIBUCION AL CONOCIMIENTO DE PARASITOS DE PECES DE LA CIENAGA GRANDE DE SANTA MARTA
Authors: Galeano Maria Lupe , Romero María
Published: October 2017

A taxonomic study for parasites found in 19 mostly economically important fish species was carried out in the Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta (Northern Colombia) from January 1978 until June 1979. Six species of fish parasites belonging to the family Acanthocolpidae are described and illustrated herein.
INTERRELACIONES ENTRE SALINIDAD Y TEMPERATURA EN LA BAHIA DE SANTA MARTA
Authors: Muller Klaus
Published: October 2017

This paper shows that, due to the powerful* winds from the East (up to 30 m/sec) that prevail in the Santa Marta region from December to March, the warm surface waters of the Santa Marta bay are constantly blown out to the open sea, while deeper and cooler waters the bay. These constant changes have a strong influence in its temperatures and salinity. Likewise, Manzanares river, within the Santa Marta area, was shown to have an effect upon the bay salinity and temperature, as well as on its turbidity.
UNA REVISION DE LAS FICHAS DE IDENTIFICACION DE LA FAO PARA PECES MARINOS DEL ATLANTICO CENTRO-OCCIDENTAL, INCLUYENDO NUEVOS REGISTROS PARA EL CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Acero P. Arturo , Garzón F. Jaime
Published: October 2017

FAO,s five volumes on the commercial fishes of the western central Atlantic are reviewed. The existence of 39 species not reported from certain areas of the southern Caribbean is confirmed in this paper. Six of these are reported for the first time from the Colombian Caribbean.
UNA CLAVE PARA LAS ESPECIES DEL GENERO HALIMEDA (UDOTEACEAE, CHLOROPHYTA) DEL ATLANTICO OCCIDENTAL
Authors: Bula Meyer Germán
Published: October 2017

A key has ben elaborated for the 13 species of green algae of the genus Halimeda reported until now for the western Atlantic Ocean and the species found until now in the Caribbean coast of Colombia are indicated. Ilustrations are given for a better understanding.
HALLAZGO DE ISAURUS DUCHASSAINGI (COELENTERATA: ZOANTHARIA) EN LA REGION DE SANTA MARTA
Authors: Manjarrés Gustavo
Published: October 2017

Isaurus duchassaingi is a brachynemid zoanthid that lives solitary or forms small colonies. Tipically it is found on coral formations or rocky shores. An information on its morphology is given by Duerden (1898).The present article gives a short description of the species and some complementary notes on its internal morphology, together with ecological field observations.
CERATIUM SCHRANK (DINOFLAGELLATAE, PERIDINIALES) DE LAS ISLAS DEL ROSARIO, CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Carbonell Maria Consuelo
Published: October 2017

The species of Ceratium Schrank (Dinoflagellatae, Peridiniales) of Rosario Islands, Colombian Caribbean Sea, are pointed out in relation to physical parameters of sea ÿwater for three climatic periods. It is found that the species also correspond to three different populations, some of them being common for the three periods.29 species are reported, 12 are for the first time for the Colombian Caribbean Sea: Ceratium praelongum, C. kofoidii, C. incisum, C. longiroztrum, C. contrarium, C. inclinaturn, C. vultur, C. ranipes, C. reflexum, C. gibberum, C. limulus and C. schranki).Species like C. praelongum, C. ranipes, C. tenue, C. inclinatum, C. vultur and probably C. reflexum and C. lunula usually regarded as shade species, captured in surface tows may show a renewed water caused by strong winds or by small upwellings.Finally, the conservation of C. tenue and C. inclinatum as valid species and not as synonyms of C. horridum is proposed.
LOS CANGREJOS DE LA FAMILIA PORTUNIDAE (DECAPODA: BRACHYURA) DEL CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Rodríguez G. Blanca Damira
Published: October 2017

During the years 1977-1978 a systematic, zoogeographic and ecological study of the swimming crabs of the Caribbean coast of Colombia was made. 5 genera and 18 species were identified; from these 10 spqeies are new records for Colombia. A key for the identification of genera and species is given.
A NEW SPECIES OF FISH OF THEÜENUS Stellifer (PERCIFORMES: SCIAENIDAE) FROM THE SOUTH CARIBBEAN SEA
Authors: Aguilera Orangel , Solano Oscar David , Valdez Julio
Published: October 2017

The genus Stellifer is charaterized by its lack of mental barbels, interorbital width 3.5 or less in head, swim bladder with two chambers, the anterior with a pair of diverticula located posterolateralÿ, cavernous head, gill rakers long and slender; otoliths sagittae and lapillus enlarged. A new species of Stellifer is described. This species is characterized by the presence of a pair of small bulb-like diverticula in the anterior chamber of the swim bladder, dark first gill arch, with 42-49 gill rakers, the longest of them larger in length than the gill filament located at angle of arch, and four mental pores. Differs from other species of the genus by the number of gill rakers. The more similar species is S. rastrifer of which differs in that it has different number of preopercular spines and mental pores.
LA VEGETACION MARINA DEL PARQUE NACIONAL TAYRONA, COSTA CARIBE COLOMBIANA, II: TIPOS DE VEGETACION
Authors: Márquez C. Germán E. , Guillot M. Gabriel
Published: October 2017

The benthic marine vegetation of the Parque Nacional Tayrona, Caribbean Coast of Colombia, II: Vegetation types. The benthic marine vegetation types of the littoral of the Parque Nacional Tayrona (Magdalena Department, Colombia) were studied during the rainy season. The methods used were modified from terrestrial phytosociology; appraisals of abundance and presence were made according to Braun-Blanquet (1965). Vegetation types are vertically distributed following the zonation patterns in each of the habitats studied: rocky, sandy-rocky and sandy-muddy. Habitats are divided according to the degree of surf exposure. The name of each vegetation type is that of the dominant species; a dominant species is considered to be the most outstanding one. 31 vegetation types have been described their distribution along the littoral in function of the ecological characteristics has been studied based on this description, the spatial complexity of the Tayrona littoral is great, as expresed by the irregular distribution of the species and vegetation types. The ecological characteristics of different areas of the Tayrona littoral, specially the bays ofChengue, Gayraca and Nenguange and the Cañaveral and Arrecifes sector, are analized and compared. The spatial complexity is atributed to oceanographic causes, specially the circulation patterns in the bays; Chengue is considered to have the most peculiar vegetation. Some considerations about the methods used and its convenience in ecological analysis are made.
THE CONDITION FACTOR OF Mugil incilis HANCOCK (PISCES: MUGILIDAE) AND ITS SEASONAL CHANGES IN THE CIENAGA GRANDE DE SANTA MARTA (COLOMBIA)
Authors: Blanco Racedo Jacobo A.
Published: October 2017

The annual variation in condition of the mullet Mugil incilis Hancock has been studied in the Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta (CGSM), The largest coastal lagoon on the Colombian Caribbean, with emphasis on the influence of such environmental factors as salinity, temperature and trasparence of the waters on the condition of this species of Mugilidae. Seasonal differences observed in condition of M. incilis are evidently related to gonadal development and depend on food availability. The diet of M. incilis is based on detritus and its food supply seems to be very influenced by river discharge which also accounts for the salinity changes in the lagoon, this explains the inverse correlation (r = -0.82) found between salinity and condition of the mullets expressed as C = 0.9949 - 0.0057 S (°/oo). Annual salinity variation follows a rhythmic pattern of seasonal changes, not precisely "in situ", but in distant continental regions: the headwaters of the tributaries of the CGSM. These mullets spawn in Caribbean waters adjacent to the CGSM and their migration period (Dec-March) begins with their best physical condition, returning to their feeding areas in the CGSM 2 or 4 weeks later, until the end of the migration, with their lowest condition since these mullets apparently do not feed at all during the spawning migration. No change related to temperature variations was observed, and turbid waters were the rule in M. incilis feeding sites.
PRIMER REGISTRO DE Gecarcinus (Johngarthia) planatus STIMPSON, 1860 (CRUSTACEA: GECARCINIDAE) PARA COLOMBIA Y NOTAS SOBRE SU ZOOGEOGRAFIA EN EL PACIFICO AMERICANO
Authors: Von Prahl Henry
Published: October 2017

The gecarcinid crab Gecarcinus (Johngarthia) planatus is reported for the first time for Gorgona Island, extending its distributional range more than 3,200 km to the south. The zoogeography of the crab and the role of the California Current and the Ecuatorial Countercurrent in its distribution are discussed briefly.
CULTIVO EXPERIMENTAL DE DOS ESPONJAS MARINAS EN CONDICIONES DE LABORATORIO
Authors: Sánchez M. Hernando
Published: October 2017

Two species of sponges, Desmapsamma anchorata (Carter, 1882) and Aplysina fistularis insularis (Duch. and Mich., 1864) were observed and collected in the Santa Marta region (Colombian Caribbean). These sponges present special characteristics such as fast encrusting growth in D. anchorata, and asexual reproduction by budding in A. fistularis insularis. These processes were used to cultivate them on glass slides and simultaneously observe their behavior in laboratory conditions at different light exposures.
OBSERVACIONES SOBRE UNA POBLACION DE Strombus gigas L. EN LA ENSENADA DE NENGUANGE, CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Botero Leonor
Published: October 2017

A population of Strombus gigas located at 12 m of depth in Ensenada de Nenguange is studied. The population occupies an area of approximately 98400 m2 The highest average density registered was 1 snail/14 m2 and the lowest was 1 snail/33 m 2 . These density variations seem to be related to environmental conditions, especially water temperature and turbulence. Snails of this population have a massive shell totally covered by algae, corals, sponges and other epifauna; its thick outer lip is constantly eroded by burrowing organisms and continuosly replaced in thickness by the mantle of the snail. Only one size-class of individuals was found, and an almost complete absence of juveniles was observed. Snails were reproductively active in April, May, June an July. Egg masses are described. The importance of protecting rosources like this one, whic in other Caribbean locations are almost extinct by now, is emphasized.
PRIMER REGISTRO DE ANORMALIDADES EN LA COLUMNA VERTEBRAL DE UN TIBURON CAPTURADO EN EL CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Rey Carrasco Iván , Alvarez León Ricardo
Published: October 2017

The S deformation of the backbone of a shark (Carcharhinidae: Carcharhinus) is reported for the irst time in the Caribbean Sea and this is apparently the third record of the anomaly in the genus in the western Atlantic.
ESTUDIO TAXONOMICO PRELIMINAR DE LA ICTIOFAUNA DE BAHIA DE MALAGA (PACIFICO COLOMBIANO)
Authors: Rubio R. Efraín Alfonso
Published: October 2017

A taxonomic study of the ichthyofauna in the Málaga Bay is presented. 123 species of fishes from 84 genera and 49 families were collected in three different stations between March 1980 and March 1981. The majority species were Lile stolifera (Clupeidae) and Euconostomus caliionicnsis (Gerreidae). The families Sciaenidae and Carangidae have the greatest number of species. This paper presents the scientific and common names of the collected fishes, as well as their sizes and season of juvenile abundance.
RELACION DEL ELEMENTO FOSFORO CON ALGUNOS FORAMINIFEROS BENTONICOS DE LAGUNAS COSTERAS, ISLA BARU, CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Caro Caro Clara Inés , Parada Ruffinatti Carmen
Published: October 2017

In the coastal lagoons Barú, Pelado and cafio del Ahorro, the numbers of specimens of two species of benthic foraminifera, Ammotium salsum and Arenoparrella mexicana, have shown a close relationship to the amount of organic phosphorous in the sediments.
DISTRIBUCION DEL FORAMINIFEROAmmonia beccani (Linné) Y SU RELACION CON ALGUNOS PARAMETROS SEDIMENTOLOGICOS EN LA CIENAGA DE LOS VASQUEZ (ISLA BARU, COLOMBIA)
Authors: Miranda Constanza , Parada Ruffínatti Carmen
Published: October 2017

The living benthic foraminifera in ciénaga de los Vásquez, Barü island,was studied. The distribution of Ammonia becarii is closely related to some sedimentological parameters like grain size, organic matter and others.
LOS PECES MARINOS HALLADOS DURANTE LA EXPEDICION URABAII AL CARIBE CHOCOANO (COLOMBIA)
Authors: Acero P. Arturo , Garzón F. Jaime
Published: October 2017

A list of the 146 species of marine fishes collected or observed in February 1985 between Ensenada de Pinorroa and Ensenada de Sapzurro (Colombian Caribbean coast, Departamento del Chocó) is presented. A detailed analysis of nine species which are new records for the Colombian fish fauna is made; some of them are remarkable: Acyrtus rubiginosus, new report for the Southern Caribbean, and Anchoviella perfasciata, Parophidion schimidti and Elacatinus multifasciatum, new records for the northern coast of South America.
ESTUDIO DE ALGUNOS ASPECTOS ECOLOGICOS Y DE LA CONTAMINACION BACTERIANA EN LA BAHIA DE SANTA MARTA, CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Escobar Nieves Alfonso
Published: October 2017

The fecal contamination of the Bay of Santa Marta was investigated between July 1979 and March 1980. The organisms used were total coliforms, faecal coliforms and faecal streptococci. Abiotic factors such as temperature, salinity and water transparency were also measured. The presence of Sdmonella in recreational waters was investigated sporadically. The results of this study have indicated severe contamination in the port zone (station 5), the mouth of Manzanares river (station 11), and around the Boquerón sector (station 22), where the raw sewage is discharged . Significant values of total coliforms above the international standard lower limits were detected at themunicipal beach (station 10) during the rainy season months. The levels of total coliforms fluctuated betwwn 0 and 1.4x10t colonies/ml. The biochemical identification of bacteria of the genus Salmonella gives evidence for the potencial danger that exists,at the bathing sectors near the sewage discharge sites.
ANALISIS DEL CONTENIDO ESTOMACAL DEL CAMARON TITI Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (HELLER) (CRUSTACEA: NATANTIA: PENAEIDAE)
Authors: Cortés Martha L. , Críales María M.
Published: October 2017

Juveniles and adults of the seabob Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller) were collected at monthly invervals between September 1988 and June 1988. The food items were determined in order of descending importance as: detritus and fragments of bivalve shells, polychaete worms, foraminiferans, and crustaceans. There was a difference in the feeding habits between the rainy seasson (September to December) and the dry season (January to June) with items like rotifers, sponges and radiolarians appearing only during the dry season. Analysis of the frequency of occurrence of different food items showed that groups like rotifers and bryozoans appear more frequently in juveniles. Measurements of protein and carbohydrate levels in the stomach contents revealed the highest peaks of proteins for adults in September (92.03 ug/mg dry weight of stomach contents) and for juveniles in December (81.27 ug/mg), and of carbohydrates for adults in October (45.81 ug/mg) and for juveniles in December (35.25 ug/mg). Quantitative differences in proteins and carbohydrates between the two size groups were not statistically significant.
LAS ESPECIES DE Conus (MOLLUSCA: GASTROPODA: CONIDAE) EN LA REGION DE SANTA MARTA, CARIBE COLOMBIANO, CON NOTAS SOBRE SU ECOLOGIA Y DISTRIBUCION
Authors: Díaz Juan Manuel
Published: October 2017

Fourteen species and subspecies of Conus from the Santa Marta area, Caribbean Sea of Colombia, are recorded and illustrated. The taxonomic status of some of them are briefly discussed; their habitat preferences (substrates, depths) and theirdistributional patterns inthe western Atlantic are comparatively analyzed.
COMPARACION EXPERIMENTAL DE LAS CEPAS COLOMBIANAS DE Artemia (GALERAZAMBA, MANAURE Y POZOS COLORADOS)
Authors: Newmark Umbreit Federico
Published: October 2017

The effect of sowing density and water salinity on biomass production, growth and sexual maturity of Colombian Artemia strains, was examined. In the laboratory, it was found that (P<0.05) when a low sowing density (10 nauplii/liter) and a salinity of 130°/oo are combined, there is a significant increase in growth, sexual maturity and biomass production in the three studied strains. However, the behavior of the Galerazamba strain was slightly different, showing higher biomass production and number of sexually mature females at 130°/oo and 50 nauplii/liter. Finally, based upon biometric differences and behavior under experimental culture, it is concluded that the Galerazamba strain is significantly different to the Manaure and Pozos Colorados strains.
REEF ASSOCIATED MOLLUSCAN FAUNA OF THE SANTA MARTA AREA, CARIBBEAN COAST OF COLOMBIA
Authors: Díaz J. M. , Escobar L. A. , Velásquez L. E.
Published: October 2017

A total of 263 molluscan species (201 of them found alive), collected from 1982 to 1989, is reported from seven coral reef localities of the Santa Marta area, Colombia. Species were arranged according to the reef zones in which they were found, their feeding habits and mode of life. Cluster analysis of faunal similarity between reef zones revealed the ocurrence of three molluscan assemblages (settled respectively in shallow environments, reef-slope zones, and sand-coral rubble zones), plus one containing few species and limited toa small zone dominated by lettuce coral (Agaricia tenuifoiia). There are some differences between reef zones in the distribution of species with respect to feeding habits. Vagrant, carnivore gastropods constitute the most diverse group, but filter-feeding bivalves and herbivore gastropods reach high numbers in some zones. Some species were not recorded previously from the Caribbean coast of Colombia.
GOBIOIDES BROUSSONETI LACEPEDE (PISCES: GOBIIDAE) EN EL CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Acero P. Arturo , Arenas Granados Pedro
Published: October 2017

The violet goby Gobioides broussoneti is reported trom the area around the mouth of the Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta (Colombian (Caribbean). Twenty-nine specimenswere collected, 28 juveniles (48-51 mm) and a ripe male (553 mm); the content of the gut of the adult indicates that the species eats basically vegetal detrítica I material, complemented by small invertebrates.
PRIMER REGISTRO DE Dardanus insignis (SAUSSURE) (CRUSTACEA: DECAPODA: DIOGENIDAE) PARA EL CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Campos Néstor Hernando , Sánchez Hernando
Published: October 2017

The hermit crab Dardanus insignis {Saussure, 1858) is reported from the Santa Marta región (Colombia), extending its known range to the southern Caribbean.
CRUSTACEOS DECAPODOS DEL PACIFICO COLOMBIANO: LISTA DE ESPECIES Y CONSIDERACIONES ZOOGEOGRAFICAS
Authors: Lemaitre Rafael , Alvarez León Ricardo
Published: October 2017

The Pacific coast of Colombia has been poorly explored, and its fauna is one of the least known in the tropical eastern Pacific. Although knowledge of the decapod fauna from this coast has recently increased, the information is scattered in numerous sources. A review of the literature showed that 378 decapods have been reported from this coast, including the islands of Gorgona and Malpelo. The numbers of species are distributed as follows; Dendrobranchiata, 18; Caridea,79; Thalassinidea, 13; Palinura, 6; Anomura, 61; and Brachyura, 201 .Twenty-seven species are known exclusively from the Colombian coast, three of which are endemic to the islands of Malpelo or Gorgona. A list of nominal species is presented, including information on distribution, important references, and synonyms under which the taxa have been reported for this coast. A summary of the history of explorations of the Pacific coast of Colombia as it relates to decapods, is presented. Zoogeographic affinities are briefly discussed for the marine species based on published distributions. Affinities are greatest with the Gulf of California (51.8%), followed by the Galápagos (28.6%), the Indo-Pacific (8.8%), and the Caribbean- Atlantic (7.7%).
EQUINODERMOS DEL PARQUE NACIONAL NATURAL ENSENADA DE UTRIA (PACIFICO COLOMBIANO)
Authors: Neira O. Raul , Barba R. Perla , Pardo A. Roberto
Published: October 2017

Fifteen species of echinoderms (5 asteroids, 5 echinoids and 5 ophiuroids) are reported for Natural National Park Ensenada deUtria in the Pacific coast of Chocó, Colombia. For each species, we report its size and ecological observations. Two species, Mithrodia bradleyi and Encope ecuadorensis are new records for the Colombian Pacific coast and are described shortly., Most of the echinoderms found were associated to rocky shores, coral reef and sometimes sandy shores, except Ophiothríx spicuiata and Ophiactis savignyi, which were found living in association with the gorgonia Lophogorgia alba. Hesperocidaris asteriscus and Centrostephanus coronatus live in holes in coral or rock. These are mainly intertidal or shallow subtidal species.
OCCURRENCE OF GRUBEULEPIS WESTONI PETTIBONE (ANNELIDA: POLYCHAETA: EULEPETHIDAE) IN THE COLOMBIAN CARIBBEAN
Authors: Laverde Castillo Juan J. A.
Published: October 2017

Se registra la presencia en el Caribe colombiano del poliqueto Eulepethidae Grubeulepis westoni, ampliando su rango de distribución al Caribe sur. Se examinaron tres especímenes adultos colectados en sedimentos blandos a 12 y 60 m de profundidad en la bahía de Pórtete y la bahía de Santa Marta respectivamente.
VARIACIONES NICTEMERALES EN LA COMUNIDAD DE ZOOPLANCTON DE LA BAHIA DE SANTA MARTA, MAR CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: BernaI V. Alvaro Ramiro , Zea Sven
Published: October 2017

Day-night and between-day variation in surficial zooplankton composition and its relationship to environmental parameters were analyzed in the Santa Marta Bay, Colombian Caribbean, by Principal Components Analysis. Sampling was carried out every four hours in three different days between August and October 1989. The greatest variation in abundance (first principal component) was due to an increase over the mean in most groups at nightfall and during night hours. This variation was inversely and significantly correlated with incident light intensity, and was interpreted as consequence of the vertical migration out of the surface zone. On the other hand, the second and third principal components showed differences amog days for groups and within groups; those that existed in the first sampling day with respect to the other two were highlighted by the second component,, and were negatively correlated with temperature and positively correlated with disolved nitrates. These results were interpreted as a consequence of movements of water masses with different physical-chemical characteristics and zooplankton composition over the sampling site. However, a case of close association between these parameters and the changes in migrating movements could not be ruled out.
DISTRIBUCION ESPACIAL DE LA TAXOCENOSIS ANNELIDA-MOLLUSCA EN LA PLATAFORMA CONTINENTAL DEL GOLFO DE SALAMANCA, CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Guzmán Alvis Angela , Díaz Juan Manuel
Published: October 2017

A preliminary characterization of macrozoobenthic assemblages on the continental shelf off southwestern Santa Marta, Colombian Caribbean, is made on the basis of bottom samples taken at 17 stations, in depths between 15 and 100 m. Only families of the most abundant groups, Mollusca and Polychaeta, were taken into account for the analysis. Cluster analysis of similarity between stations and between families revealed the ocurrence of three assemblages, whose spatial distribution is related with sediment type, depth, and some biological features: one assemblage is found on bottoms with fine to very fine sand and muds at dephts between 15 and 60 m, showing the greater abundances and families diversity; the second assemblage is found at about 60 m depth in muddy bottom; a last assemblage inhabits also muddy bottom below 100 m depth and exhibits the lowest numbers of abundance and diversity.
ASPECTOS BIOLOGICOS Y ECOLOGICOS DEL MACABI ELOPS SAURUS LINNAEUS (PISCES: ELOPIDAE) EN LA CIENAGA GRANDE DE SANTA MARTA Y COSTA ADYACENTE, CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Santos Martínez Adriana , Arboleda Santiago
Published: October 2017

A sample of 1535 individuals of Elops saurus Linnaeus, 1766, from Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta (CGSM) and the adjacent sea was examined between February 1987 to January 1988 and May 1990 to February 1992. The main meristic and rriorphometric aspects of the species, as well as the size frequency, are presented. The Lenght-Weight relationship obtained was TW= 2.7399*10-ÿLT5 Q931, and the average condition factor K was 4.74. It was determinated that 96% of the sexed individuals were inmature and sexually undifferenciated and that the female-male ratio was 1.5:1. The smallest mature females collected was 520 mm in TL. We conclude that juveniles live in the CGSM and the adults in the sea, where spawning probably takes place during the whole year. Fecundity was estimated in 519400 eggs for 950 mm TL female. Stomach contents analysis suggest that the main component of the diet are engraulidids fish and penaeids shrimp. Some differences were detected in the diet in relation with seasons and size. The permanent capture of juveniles in the CGSM must be controlled in order to protect the population and avoid further unbalance in the fisheries and the ecosystem.
COMPARING K-DOMINANCE CURVES: YET ANOTHER SUGGESTION
Authors: Garcia Camilo B.
Published: October 2017

A simple procedure is presented which facilitates the comparison of k-dominance curves and permits statistical comparison of replicated curves. Two indices are proposed, one for diversity (KDI) and one for dominance (KDO), which summarize the relationships in terms of diversity between one assemblage and all the others in a given set of data, as it is depicted by k-dominance curves.
CRUSTACEOS ANFIPODOS (GAMMARIDEA) COLECTADOS EN LAS COSTAS DEL CARIBE COLOMBIANO, AL SUR DE CARTAGENA
Authors: Ortiz Manuel , Lemaitre Rafael
Published: October 2017

During studies of the crustacean fauna from the Caribbean coast of Colombia, a number of samples were obtained in March and July of 1991 at various localities south of Cartagena. A qualitative study of the samples revealed the existence of 43 species of amphipods, 25 of which (58%) had not been previously reported for this coast. A systematic list is presented as well as a description of the substrate where the species were found. The majority were collected from seagrass-bed habitats. Considering that sampling was limited almost exclusively to these habitats, the number of species found is high when compared to other areas in the Caribbean.
ASPECTOS BIOLOGICOS DEL CALAMAR ARGENTINO ILLEXARGENTINUS (CASTELLANOS) CAPTURADO POR LA FLOTA CUBANA DE PESCA EN EL TALUD PATAGONICO DURANTE 1987.
Authors: TizoI Rafael , García Claudio , López Julio
Published: October 2017

In 1987 a program for the biological sampling of squid ///ex argentinus, was begun on board of a fishing ship belonging to the Cuban Fisheries Fleet, wich operates in the Patagonian Shelf. The lengths of both sexes presented a estratified pattern with individuals of larger size found in higher depths and viceversa; this pattern is adjusted to a regression line (r2 = 0.88; a = 0.05). Females reached average length larger than males and the rate of males in catches increased from january to april. The first maturation average length was estimated about 20.5 cm for males and 26.5 cm for females. An increase of the rate of mature individuals was observed between february and april emphazasing in males which showed abundant espermatophores in the sac.
USO DE LA LEVADURA TORULA (TORULOPSIS UTILIS) EN LA OBTENCION DE BIOMASA DE ARTEMIA.
Authors: Tizol Correa Rafael
Published: October 2017

Studies were carried out to determine the possibilities of use torula yeast (Torulopsisutilis), as a source of feed in intensive cultured Artemia. Maximum biomass yields of 5.14 g/l and8.43 mm of average total length were obtained for the treatment with the best results. Yeastconcentration of 1 g/l/day in the initial 6 days period, can be considered adequate for Artemiagrowth while the concentration of 1 g/l/day is insufficient to obtain a satisfactory growth. Thegrowth equations in the described culture conditions were as follow: treatment 1 g/l/day, L= -0.5214+ 0.4837 T; treatment 3 g/l/day, L = -1.1707 + 0.738 T.
EVALUACION DE DIFERENTES DENSIDADES DE LA MICROALGA NANNOCHLOROPSIS OCULATA COMO ALIMENTO PARA ARTEMIA
Authors: Tizol Correa Rafael
Published: October 2017

Laboratory experiments were carried out to determine the possibility of using the microalgae Nannochloropsis oculata as a food source for brine shirmp. Among the range concentrations studied (3 x 105 to 14 x 105 cells/ml), 12 x 105 cells/ml offered the best results of survival and growth rate and it is recommended as the most effective. From correlation matrix, high values (r > 0.90; a = 0.05) were obtained for the relation of microalgae concentration and survival, growth rate and the variation of average lenght. The minimum cellular concentration of microalgae which is necessary for brine shrimp culture is 5.6 x 105 cells/ml.
REGENERACION DE COLONIAS Y TRANSPLANTE DE FRAGMENTOS DE ACROPORA PALMATA (CNIDARIA: SCLERACTINIA) EN EL PARQUE NACIONAL NATURAL CORALES DEL ROSARIO, CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: García U. Rocío Del Pifar , Alvarado Ch. Elvira María , Acosta Alberto
Published: October 2017

The present study was done in order to study the posibility of recovering the coral species Acropora palmata in the Natural Park Corales del Rosario. The percentage of regeneration of 42 mechanically fragmented colonies, as well as the percentage of survival of 53 fragments of this species, was determined. The regeneration of tissue for 25 colonies fragmented between September and december 1992 {period 1) was obtained in three months; for the 17 colonies fragmented between march and may 1993 (period 2) the time was of two months. The fragments obtained from the donor colonies were submitted to 4 treatments. Treatment 1 consisted in tying the fragments with a cord to dead coral and transported to Kalua Island. For treatment 2 the fragments were put on sandy substrate and were tyed to a pole in Grande Island. In treatment 3 the fragments were tyed to dead coral by a cord and were transported to Grande Island. For treatment 4, the fragments were cemented to dead coral with the epoxic "Rally" cement. Treatment 1 showed a survival of 30% in 3 months and of 0% for the rest of the research. In treatment 2 the survival was of 0% on the first month. In treatment 3, the survival was of 40% in 3 months and 0% was found in the seventh month. In treatment 4, the survival was of 90% in the first month, 80% in two months and 70% in three months. The results obtained show that the donor colonies of the studied specie recovers rapidly to physical wounds and that the use of the technique with epoxic cement on the fragments for the recovery of the specie is recommended.
ALTERACIONES FISICO-QUIMICAS DE LA COLUMNA DE AGUA, GENERADAS POR EL USO DEL BOLICHE (METODO DE PESCA ARTESANAL) EN LA CIENAGA GRANDE DE SANTA MARTA, CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Rueda Mario Enrique , Mancera P. José Ernesto
Published: October 2017

With the purpose of assessing the impact generated by the use of an artisanal fishing method populary called "boliche", in the tropical coastal lagoon Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, different aspects were quantified; being one of them designed to analyze some physical-chemical alterations of the water column, produced during the fishing operations. The dissolved oxygen concentration, water transparency and seston composition and concentration, before and after of 70 boliche's thrusts were determinated. The results showthat fishing operations generate some momentary changes of little repercution to the ecosystem, such as particle resuspention principally inorganic an increase in seston concentration and a consequen water column transparency decrease. The dissolved oxygen concentration does not show appreciable alteration.
SUCCESSIONAL PATTERNS ON FOULING PLATES IN THE BAY OF SANTA MARTA, COLOMBIAN CARIBBEAN
Authors: Garcia Camilo B. , Salzwedel Horst
Published: October 2017

Successional progress was followed in fouling communities, developing under tropical conditions. Primary succession was simulated by immersing asbestos plates. The plates represent small, discrete, isolated parts of habitat. According with expectations, a trend of increasing space dominancy by colonial forms was detected as succession progressed. High within-habitat diversity but global persistency was confirmed for this tropical system. Several mechanisms of succession were found to operate simultaneously. In this Caribbean fouling system thestrong self-replacement tendencies of solitary forms and the low recruitment and growth rates of the potential space dominants (colonial forms) were mostly responsible for the successional patterns observed
ESTRUCTURA DEL MANGLAR EN EN EL DELTA EXTERIOR DEL RIO MAGDALENA-CIENAGA GRANDE DE SANTA MARTA , UNA ZONA TENSIONADA POR ALTERACIONES DEL EQUILIBRIO HIDRICO
Authors: Serrano Díaz Liz Adriana , Botero Leonor , Cardona Pablo , Mancera Pineda José Ernesto
Published: October 2017

With the main purpose of providing a baseline for future evaluations of ecosystem changes as a consequence of the reopening of freshwater canals from the Magdalena River, the structure of mangrove forests of the Exterior Delta of the Magdalena River-Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta (DERM-CGSM land several soil properties were quantified. Mangrove forests surrounding the lagoonal complex exhibit from low and almost null structural development (completely dead) to complex structures. Best structural development was found on Caño El Jobo (JOB) and Ciénaga de la Aguja (AGU) in the southwestern part of the study area. JOB showed only two mangrove species but individual trees exhibited large sizes. In ARA, on the eastern side of Ciénaga Grande, the three species were present and structural development can be considered intermediate with several individuals of large size. These three stations (JOB, AGU, ARA) still receive fresh water flow from either the Magdalena River or from rivers of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. The areas most isolated from freshwater flow (stations on Ciénaga de Pajaral and on the western end of Caño Clarín) showed the lowest structural development of the vegetation and a large part of it completely dead. It is concluded \Y\a\ Avicenniagerminans is the dominant species in the study area. In general, Rhizophoramangle was only found on the edges of canals or lagoons and towards the western side this species was almost all dead. An inverse relationship was demonstrated between soil salinity and basal area, height and foliar area and a direct one between redox potentials and the same attributes. The low foliar area values of A. germinans in the stations with highest soil salinities reflect in part the "aggressiveness"of the environment in which the species lives and specially its response to the stress imposed by the difficulty of obtaining water from the soil.
MACROALGAS DEL BANCO DE LAS ANIMAS Y NUEVOS REGISTROS PARA EL CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Bula Meyer Germán , Díaz Pulido Guillermo
Published: October 2017

Forty nine macroalgal species (7 Chlorophyta, 4 Phaeophyta and 38 Rhodophyta) are reported for the first time for the Banco de las Animas, at the southwest of Santa Marta City (Salamanca Gulf, Colombia). The collections were made between 20 and 30 m depth. The green alga Halimeda gracilis Harvey ex J. Agardh and the red ones Corynomorpha clavata (Harvey) J. Agardh, Cryptonemia sp., Acrothamnion butleriae (Collins) Kylin, Antithamnion ogdeniae Abbott, Antithamnionella breviramosa (Dawson) Wollaston in Womersley and Bailey, Hypoglossum simulans Wynne, Price et Ballantine and H. subsimplex Wynne, are new records for the Caribbean coast of Colombia. Thefloristiccompositionof thebankhasasimilarityof 81 % with the one present at the same depths in the Tairona Natural National Park. Due to this characteristic and to the exuberance of certain species, the Banco de las Animas is considered a refuge, in which these plants avoid the herbivorous fishes and urchins of the shallow rock-coral reefs.
FECUNDIDAD EN ARGOPECTEN CÍRCULARIS (SOWERBY, 1835) (BIVALVIA: PECTINIDAE) DE BAHIA CONCEPCION, BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR, MEXICO
Authors: Villalejo Fuerte Marcial
Published: October 2017

Argopecten circularis (Sowerby, 1835) fecunddity was estimated during spawnings of February-March 1989 and March-May 1990 in Bahía Concepción, Baja California sur, México. In general, the number of oocytes released during the spawning of Argopecten circularis were potentially related to shell height. The calculated average oocyte wet weight during the maturity period was 8.9033x10A-8 g. Spawning ocurred in individuals 44 to 77 mm in height. The highest fecundity occurred in bivalves 58 to 77 mm in height. Mean fecundity obtained for all heigts by regression analysis during spawning in February-march 1989 was 12, 102, 243 oocytes. In April- May of the same year, there were 17, 917, 006 oocytes, and during March-May 1990, 16, 938, 117 oocytes.
TEMPORAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL YIELD PATTERNS OF SEMI-INTENSIVE SHRIMP CULTURE (PENAEUS VANNAMEI (BOONE)) DURING THE PERIOD 1991-1993 IN THE CARIBBEAN COLOMBIA
Authors: Moreno Amezquita Lovana , Newmark Federico , Garcia Camilo B.
Published: October 2017

Temporal and geographical patterns of yield and selected factors affecting it: growth (von Bertalanffy K and L90: length reached after 90 days culture), survival, feed conversion rate and stocking density, were analyzed for shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) cultured in the Caribbean Colombia for the period 1991-1993. Yield did not vary between years, but it did between sites, showing the Bahía de Cispatá farm the statistically highest yield in the period considered. This pattern can be explained by the fact that shrimp there grew slowly to attain a good size, concomitantly with the highest stocking density and good feed conversion rate. In contrast, shrimp of the other sites tended to grow quicker but to stagnate at smaller sizes, stocking density tended to be lower and feed conversion rate was not so good. The growth performance index 0 of P. vannamei cultured in the Caribbean Colombia were much higher than 0 values of wild penaeids, but (transformed as 0") comparable with 0, values of P. vannamei cultured in Perú.
SEVEN NEW AMPHIPODS (CRUSTACEA: PERACARIDA: GAMMARIDEA) FROM THE CARIBBEAN COAST OF SOUTH AMERICA
Authors: Ortiz Manuel , Lemaltre Rafael
Published: October 2017

A study of gammaridean amphipod samples obtained from coral reefs and estuarine environments south of Cartagena, Colombia, revealed the existence of seven undescribed species. These are described and illustrated in detail under the names: Ampithoe hirsutimanus, Batea schotti, Caribboecetes justi, Cerapus thomasi, Lembos scolosternum, Nasageneia comisariensis, and Seba robusta.
CONFIRMATION OF THE PRESENCE OF THE ELEGANT TERN STERNA ELEGANS (AVES: LARIDAE) IN COLOMBIA
Authors: Naranjo Luis Germán , Franke Rebeca
Published: October 2017

Four individuals were collected in the Gorgona National Park, confirming the occurrence of Sterna elegans in the Colombian Pacific. In addition, field notes from Tumaco and northern Chocó are provided extending the range of this species to the entire Pacific coast of Colombia. The meanings of these records is discussed in terms of the residence status of the species.
EDAD, CRECIMIENTO Y MORTALIDAD DE LUTJANUS PURPUREUS POEY, 1867 (PISCES: LUTJANIDAE) DE LA REGION DE GUAYANAS
Authors: González Leo W. , Eslava Nora , Silva Carlos
Published: October 2017

Age, growth and mortality of the red snapper, Lutjanus purpureus Poey, 1867, were estimated based on lecture of 152 urohials of 1561 individuals caught in the region of Guianas, located between 06° - 10° LN and 54° - 61° LW, in 1988, by means of a research survey of the B/l "Dr. Fridtjof Nansen". Seven age groups could be distinguished within the annual zones of the urohial. The theoretical growth curves was adjusted according to the values of the von Bertalanffy growth model parameters: L„ = 91.99 cm ; K = 0.245 per year; to = - 0.499 yr. The values of natural mortality M = 0.255, were obtained using the equation of Taylor; and total mortality Z = 0.703 per year, by aplication of the linearized catch curve method.
LAS LANGOSTAS CHINAS (CRUSTACEA: DECAPODA: SCYLLARIDAE) DEL CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Navas S. Gabriel R. , Campos C. Néstor Hernando
Published: October 2017

Six slipper lobsters (Crustacea: Scyllaridae) are reported from the Colombian Caribbean and a diagnosis for each species, and a key for their identification is included. It reported for the first time from this area: Scyllarides aequinoctialis, S. delfosi, Scyllarus depressus and Parribacus anctarcticus.
RELACIONES CONTEMPORANEAS Y REZAGADAS ENTRE VARIABLES FISICOQUIMICAS Y BIOLOGICAS EN LA CIENAGA GRANDE DE SANTA MARTA, CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Zea Sven , Giraido H. Ramón , Mancera P José Ernesto , Martínez C. Jorge
Published: October 2017

From available data from four sampling stations at Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta coastal lagoon (Colombian Caribbean), contemporary and time-lagged cross-correlations between biweekly series of "biological" variables (chrolophyll a, primary productivity) and "physical-chemical" variables (salinity, transparency, inorganic nutrientes, total nitrogen and phosphorous, phaeopigments, seston proteins) were explored. In contrast with the original analyses, turning series stationary (constant mean and variance) eliminated variations in trend and magnitude associated with climate, and emphasized variation at the scale of weeks. As a result, changes in primary production were not related either with contemporary changes in phytoplankton biomass (measured as chlorophyll a) or with previous or contemporary changes in physical chemical variables. This apparent lack of effect of the inorganic nutrients regime on the primary production may occur because nutrient availability is the dinamyc result of uptake and recycling. Only, increases in total nitrogen were associated with rises in primary production 4 weeks later, possibly from lagged used of reserves by phytoplankton. Variations in phytoplankton biomass were positively correlated with contemporary changes in dissolved phosphorous, and negatively with changes in transparency. The first relation could be caused by phosphorous liberation from the benthos in nocturnal anoxic conditions during massive blooms. The second may occur because the main agent conditioning water transparency is phytoplankton. In contrast, increases in primary production were followed by decreases in dissolved nitrogen and phosphorous two weeks later, again possibly in relation to phytoplankton generation times and the dynamics of uptake and recycling.