bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The importance of the soap tree plant (Kelreiteria Paniculata) in environmental protection and landscaping in the climatic conditions of the Namangan region
Authors: Melanova Nazira R.
Published: June 2023

Soapwood grows in countries with a warm climate, but northern India is the main area of its location. Sapindus is a tree with 5-10 pairs of leaves, somewhat reminiscent of our mountain flower. The tree can grow up to 25 meters in height and has beautiful green-white flowers. After that, beautiful fruits appear, similar to nuts in the shell. Then they are used instead of soap and shampoo, because they contain 40 percent of saponin. It is this substance that actively removes dirt from any fabric and surface.
The Potential Application of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Hospitals
Authors: Rani Sunanda , Jining Dong , Shah Dhaneshwar , Xaba Siyanda , Singh Prabhat Ranjan
Published: June 2023

This study focuses on the potential application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare and hospitals to improve the quality of services for patients. The research objectives include the investigation of existing AI use cases in healthcare, exploration of potential areas in which AI can best be applied, and identification of the challenges to successful AI application. This research utilizes both primary and secondary data sources to investigate the potential of AI in healthcare and hospitals. The primary data is collected through published research papers, technical reports, and industry news to gain an understanding of the current state of AI applications in healthcare. The secondary data is gathered from expert opinions with experienced healthcare professionals such as physicians, hospital administrators, and IT experts to gain insights into existing use cases and potential applications of AI in healthcare and hospitals. The results of the study demonstrate that AI has a significant potential to deliver enhanced outcomes in various aspects of healthcare and hospitals, including diagnosis, treatment, and management. However, the successful integration of AI requires overcoming numerous challenges such as regulatory standardization, privacy protection, and data availability. To foster a positive development of AI in healthcare, it is recommended that healthcare organizations enhance their digital capabilities, enable secure data sharing and collaboration, and use AI tools to deliver a more comprehensive and personalized patient care experience.
Generating Human-Like Descriptions for the Given Image Using Deep Learning
Authors: Laddha Tanvi S. , Thakore Darshak G. , Jaliya Udesang K.
Published: June 2023

One of the most prominent applications in the field of computer vision and natural language processing research is image captioner. The paper includes an exhaustive review of the literature on image captioning and the implementation using attention-based encoder-decoder model. The process of depicting an image with textual explanations is known as image captioning. The problem has seen extensive use of encoder-decoder frameworks. In this study, Deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for image classification and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) for sequence modeling are combined to build a single network that creates descriptions of images using the Microsoft Common Objects in Context Dataset (MSCOCO Dataset). Because of RNNs being computationally expensive to train and assess, memory is often restricted to a few items. By highlighting the most important components of an input image, the Attention model had been used to address this issue. The model was developed using Nvidia Quadro RTX5000 GPU (CUDA), which received the Bleu-1 score of 0.5793 for the 100 generated sentences. The captions generated by the model on the testing dataset labeled nearly all of the objects in the image and were sufficiently like the actual captions in the annotations, even on images outside of the testing dataset.
Vision-Based Quality Control Check of Tube Shaft using DNN Architecture
Authors: Kulkarni Uday , Patil Abhishek , Devaranavadagi Rohit , Devagiri Shreya B. , Pamali Sneha K. , Ujawane Raunak
Published: June 2023

Quality control is the process of ensuring that a product or service meets certain predetermined standards of quality. This can involve testing, inspection, and other methods to ensure that the product or service is fit for its intended use. The tube shaft is a component used in the drive shaft of a vehicle. It undergoes several stages from raw material to final product to increase its structural properties. Following the first step, which is hardening, preliminary quality control is done by cutting the tube shaft into two parts lengthwise to check the intensity of hardening and decide whether to accept or reject the part. We present a machine vision-based quality control system that uses You Only Look Once (YOLO) v5 to assess hardening intensity by analyzing the pattern formed on the cut piece’s surface.
Depth Estimation using DNN Architecture and Vision-Based Transformers
Authors: Kulkarni Uday , Devagiri Shreya B. , Devaranavadagi Rohit B. , Pamali Sneha , Negalli Nishanth R. , Prabakaran V.
Published: June 2023

Depth Estimation is the process of estimating the depth of objects with a 2D image as an input. The importance of Depth Estimation is that it provides some critical information about the 3D structure of a scene given a sequence of 2D images. This is helpful in various applications like robotics, virtual reality, autonomous driving, medical imaging, and so on and so forth. Our main objective here is to make the environment more perceivable by autonomous vehicles. Unlike the traditional approaches which try to extract depth from the input image, we apply instance segmentation to the image and then use the segmented image as an input to the depth map generator. In this paper, we use a fully connected neural network with dense prediction transformers. As mentioned above, the image after instance segmentation is given as an input for the transformers. The Transformer is the backbone for producing high-resolution images. Our experimentation results have shown many improvements related to the details and sharpness of the image as compared to the traditional depth estimation techniques. The architecture is applied and tested on the KITTI data set.
Efficient algorithm for globally computing the min–max linear fractional programming problem
Authors: Jiao Hongwei , Wang Wenjie , Ge Li , Shen Peiping , Shang Youlin
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we consider the min–max linear fractional programming problem (MLFP) which is NP-hard. We first introduce some auxiliary variables to derive an equivalent problem of the problem (MLFP). An outer space branch-and-bound algorithm is then designed by integrating some basic operations such as the linear relaxation method and branching rule. The global convergence of the proposed algorithm is proved by means of the subsequent solutions of a series of linear relaxation programming problems, and the computational complexity of the proposed algorithm is estimated based on the branching rule. Finally, numerical experimental results demonstrate the proposed algorithm can be used to efficiently compute the globally optimal solutions of test examples.
Asymptomatic Bone Marrow Edema in Weight-bearing Bones in Athletes
and Military Trainees: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Karimi Amir , El-Abtah Mohamed , Sinkler Margaret , Faraji Navid , Voos James , Harlow Ethan , Miskovsky Shana
Published: June 2023

Asymptomatic bone marrow edema (aBME) is a non-specific radiographic finding
often found in athletes. Although aBME may represent the body's
physiological response to training load, the etiology, MRI characteristics, and
natural history of aBME remain unknown. To better characterize aBME in the lower
extremities of military trainees and athletes. A systematic literature review in
accordance with PRISMA guidelines was performed to identify primary research
articles reporting on aBME in the lower extremities of athletes and military
trainees. We identified 347 unique articles and after applying inclusion and
exclusion criteria, 10 articles were included for qualitative synthesis. There
were a total of 444 patients with an average age of 28.4±9.6 included.
The most commonly used MRI sequences were proton-density with fat-saturation and
T1-weighted imaging. The pattern of BME was inconsistently described, with
various classification schemas used. The changes in aBME during longitudinal
follow-up were dynamic and demonstrated both radiographic progression and
regression. aBME is a highly prevalent and radiographically dynamic entity
observed in high-level athletes and military trainees. Although follow-up was
limited in the included studies, aBME may represent a natural, non-pathologic,
reaction in response to specific biomechanical stressors.
Base-Promoted 1,6-Aza-Michael Addition of Azauracils to para-Quinone Methides
Authors: Dash Rupashri , Hota Sudhir Kumar , Murarka Sandip
Published: June 2023

We report an efficient higher order conjugate addition of azauracils to substituted para-quinone methides (p-QMs) mediated by triethylamine to furnish hitherto unknown diarylmethane scaffolds through construction of a C–N bond. The protocol features mild conditions, high atom economy, and broad scope, and enables convenient access to biologically relevant new chemical entities (NCEs) comprised of p-QM and azauracil hybrids in good to excellent yields.
Investigation of MHD instabilities and related dynamic interactions during the major disruption in the HL-2A tokamak
Authors: Li Y. C. , Jiang M. , Xu Y. , Wang X. Q. , Hu S. L. , Hao G. Z. , Shi Z. B. , Tong R. H. , Xu J. Q. , Zhang B. F. , He Y.
Published: June 2023

Avoiding the major disruption is of paramount importance in future reactor-level devices, for which understanding the disruption mechanism is essential. In this work, MHD instabilities and related dynamic interactions during the major disruption have been investigated in the ohmically heated plasmas in the HL-2A tokamak. It is reported that the interaction between a kind of edge-oscillating-mode (EOM) perturbation and a rotating m/n = 2/1 tearing mode (TM) inside the plasma plays an important role in inducing the mode locking and the subsequent disruption. The EOM perturbation is oscillating in the laboratory frame, which is proposed to be originally generated by the penetrated error field at the plasma edge and is modulated by the rotating 2/1 TM mode. Before mode locking, the 2D electron cyclotron emission imaging shows that the momentary coupling of the EOM and the 2/1 mode can be decoupled each other and the mode structure does not alter significantly. After the mode locking, the EOM and the 2/1 mode expand and couple each other and induce the heat transfer from the core to the edge. The influence of the TM instability and the EOM perturbation on surrounding plasmas prior to the mode locking has also been presented. The results deepen our understanding of the disruption dynamics related to the external field perturbations, especially in the presence of TMs inside the plasma.
A new type restricted quantum group
Authors: Xu Yongjun , Chen Jialei
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we define a new type restricted quantum group Ūq(sl2*) and determine its Hopf Poincaré-Birkhoff-Witt-deformations Ūq(sl2*,κ) in which Ūq(sl2*,0)=Ūq(sl2*) and the classical restricted Drinfeld–Jimbo quantum group Ūq(sl2) is included. We show that Ūq(sl2*) is a basic Hopf algebra, then uniformly realize Ūq(sl2*) and Ūq(sl2) via some quotients of (deformed) preprojective algebras corresponding to the Gabriel quiver of Ūq(sl2*). Moreover, we obtain a uniform tensor-categorical realization of Ūq(sl2*) and Ūq(sl2), which is consistent with the above-mentioned Hopf-algebraic realization.
Nonsolvent-induced phase separation inside liquid droplets
Authors: Alhasan Rami , Wilcoxson Tanner A. , Banks Dakota S. , Jung Sion , Tree Douglas R.
Published: June 2023

Nonsolvent-induced phase separation (NIPS) is a popular method for creating polymeric particles with internal microstructure, but many fundamental questions remain surrounding the kinetics of the complex coupled mass transfer and phase separation processes. In this work, we use simulations of a phase-field model to examine how (i) finite domain boundaries of a polymer droplet and (ii) solvent/nonsolvent miscibility affect the NIPS process. To isolate the effects of phase separation kinetics and solvent/nonsolvent mass transfer on the NIPS process, we study two different cases. First, we investigate droplet concentrations that originate inside the two-phase region, where phase separation kinetics alone governs the microstructure. Second, we investigate the effects of solvent/nonsolvent mass transfer by studying droplet concentrations that begin outside the two-phase region, where both phase separation kinetics and mass transfer play a role. In both cases, we find that qualitative NIPS behavior is a strong function of the relative location of the initial droplet composition with respect to the phase diagram. We also find that polymer/nonsolvent miscibility competes with solvent/nonsolvent miscibility in driving NIPS kinetic behavior. Finally, we examine polymer droplets undergoing solvent/nonsolvent exchange and find that the model predicts droplets that shrink with nearly Fickian diffusion kinetics. We conclude with a brief perspective on the state of simulations of NIPS processes and some recommendations for future work.
Effects of external magnetic and electric field on multipactor and plasma breakdown of high-power microwave window
Authors: Zuo Chun-Yan , Gao Fei , Dai Zhong-Ling , Wang You-Nian
Published: June 2023

In this work, we investigated the effects of an external magnetic field, a DC electrostatic field, and a normal rf electric field on the multipactor and plasma ionization breakdown process near a microwave window by performing kinetic particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collision simulations, and the underlying mechanism is also given. The magnetic field, parallel to the surface and perpendicular to the tangential rf field, can effectively suppress the electron multipactor process by delaying the electron incidence on the dielectric window and push the plasma breakdown bulk away from the dielectric window. However, when the magnetic field is too strong, the mitigation effect is not significant, and may even enhance the multipactor process at the beginning of the plasma breakdown. The external DC electrostatic field, perpendicular to the surface, can inhibit electron multipactor when it points toward the surface. On the other hand, when the DC electric field direction is reversed, then the electron multipactor process is found to be promoted, and the gas ionization bulk is closer to the dielectric window. The external normal rf electric fields perpendicular to the surface with small amplitudes are found to be capable of promoting the multipactor process. With increasing the amplitude of normal rf electric field, the multipactor process can be suppressed to some degree at the initial stage of the plasma breakdown and the gas ionization bulk region is kept away from the dielectric window surface.
Ultrahigh thermal stability of dielectric permittivity in 0.6Bi(Mg1/2Ti1/2)O3–0.4Ba0.8Ca0.2(Ti0.875Nb0.125)O3
Authors: Chen Kaiyuan , Rodríguez Amaia Zarandona , Lanceros-Méndez Senentxu , Lei Xiuyun , Fang Liang , Zhang Hongfang , Gao Shuyu , Liu Laijun , Zhang Qi
Published: June 2023

0.6Bi(Mg1/2Ti1/2)O3–0.4Ba0.8Ca0.2(Nb0.125Ti0.875)O3 ceramics with a pseudo-cubic structure and re-entrant dipole glass behavior have been investigated via x-ray diffraction and dielectric permittivity–temperature spectra. It shows excellent dielectric–temperature stability with small variations of dielectric permittivity (±5%, 420–802 K) and dielectric loss tangent (tanδ < 2.5%, 441–647 K) in a wide temperature range. Three dielectric anomalies are observed from 290 to 1050 K. The low-temperature, weakly coupled re-entrant relaxor behavior was described using the Vogel–Fulcher law and the new glass model. The mid- and high-temperature dielectric anomalies are characterized by isothermal impedance and electrical modulus. The activation energy of both dielectric relaxation and conductivity follows the Arrhenius law in the temperature ranges of 633–753 and 833–973 K, respectively. The ultrahigh thermal stability of dielectric permittivity is attributed to the weak coupling of polar clusters, the formation of diffuse phase transition, and the local phase transition of calcium-containing perovskite. The results provide new insights into the defects behavior and the modification way of re-entrant relaxor behavior.
Predictive understanding of the surface tension and velocity of sound in ionic liquids using machine learning
Authors: Mohan Mood , Smith Micholas Dean , Demerdash Omar , Kidder Michelle K. , Smith Jeremy C.
Published: June 2023

Knowledge of the physical properties of ionic liquids (ILs), such as the surface tension and speed of sound, is important for both industrial and research applications. Unfortunately, technical challenges and costs limit exhaustive experimental screening efforts of ILs for these critical properties. Previous work has demonstrated that the use of quantum-mechanics-based thermochemical property prediction tools, such as the conductor-like screening model for real solvents, when combined with machine learning (ML) approaches, may provide an alternative pathway to guide the rapid screening and design of ILs for desired physiochemical properties. However, the question of which machine-learning approaches are most appropriate remains. In the present study, we examine how different ML architectures, ranging from tree-based approaches to feed-forward artificial neural networks, perform in generating nonlinear multivariate quantitative structure–property relationship models for the prediction of the temperature- and pressure-dependent surface tension of and speed of sound in ILs over a wide range of surface tensions (16.9–76.2 mN/m) and speeds of sound (1009.7–1992 m/s). The ML models are further interrogated using the powerful interpretation method, shapley additive explanations. We find that several different ML models provide high accuracy, according to traditional statistical metrics. The decision tree-based approaches appear to be the most accurate and precise, with extreme gradient-boosting trees and gradient-boosting trees being the best performers. However, our results also indicate that the promise of using machine-learning to gain deep insights into the underlying physics driving structure–property relationships in ILs may still be somewhat premature.
Probabilistic spin wave computing with quasistatic magnetic inputs
Authors: Rivkin Kirill A.
Published: June 2023

Spin wave computing device where an algorithm can be encoded by recording a corresponding magnetization pattern onto a hard magnetic material was previously proposed [K. Rivkin and M. Montemorra, “Spin wave computing using pre-recorded magnetization patterns,” J. Appl. Phys. 132, 153902–153911 (2022)] and a particular implementation of a vector-matrix algorithm was demonstrated. In the present article, we analyze the conditions allowing for implementation of complex algorithms which can combine multiple additive, multiplicative, and conditional operators including logic expressions. Special attention is given to how the input data are provided. Rather than relying on a set of independent sources of the RF field, as is common with the existing spin wave computing methods, we demonstrate usability of more simple solutions using adjustable external quasistatic magnetic fields. We also show how, for the given setup, probabilistic switching of magnetic elements at elevated temperatures can be used to convert deterministic algorithms into a probabilistic form.
Site-selective heat current analysis of α-helical protein with linear-homopolymer-like model
Authors: Wang Tingting , Yamato Takahisa , Sugiura Wataru
Published: June 2023

Although thermal transport is among the essential biophysical properties of proteins, its relationship with protein structures, dynamics, and functions is still elusive. The structures of folded proteins are highly inhomogeneous, giving rise to an anisotropic and non-uniform flow of thermal energy during conformational fluctuations. To illustrate the nature of proteins, we developed a theoretical framework for analyzing local thermal transport properties based on the autocorrelation function formalism, constructed a linear-homopolymer-like model, and applied it to a small α-helical protein, the villin headpiece subdomain (HP36), using equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. As a result, the model reproduced the exact value of the protein’s thermal conductivity with an error of less than 1%. Interestingly, the site-selective analysis of the local, residue-wise, thermal conductivity demonstrated its distinct residue-type dependence, i.e., its magnitude decreased in the order of charged, polar, and hydrophobic residues. In addition, the local density dependence of the residue-wise thermal transport property was also discussed.
A phase transition approach to elucidate the propagation of shear waves in viscoelastic materials
Authors: Torres J. , Laloy-Borgna G. , Rus G. , Catheline S.
Published: June 2023

In the field of acoustics, a medium has traditionally been considered a liquid if shear waves cannot propagate. For more complex liquids, such as those containing polymer chains or surfactant aggregates, this definition begins to be unclear. By adopting a rheological model-independent approach, this work investigated by means of dynamic elastography, the liquid–solid phase transitions in viscoelastic liquid media. When the storage shear modulus G′ dominated the loss shear modulus G″, a minimal shear wave attenuation frequency region was defined and the medium was considered solid. When G″ dominated G′, the shear waves were strongly attenuated and the medium was considered liquid. The investigated medium, an aqueous solution of xanthan gum, behaved as a bandpass filter with transition bands, showing liquid–solid–liquid behavior from low to high frequency. During these transitions bands, shear waves still propagated but highly attenuated. The limiting values where shear waves were no longer observed were identified as the low and high cutoff frequencies. Finally, the ability of various rheological models to predict the phase transition frequencies and describe the dispersion curves was tested. A three-element rheological model, the Jeffreys model, was required to accurately fit the experimental response of the medium at different concentrations over the entire frequency range. Shear wave propagation methods can overcome the technical limitations of traditional rheometry and explore higher frequencies, rarely investigated in viscoelastic liquids.
High unimer concentration and asymmetric bilayer observed in small unilamellar vesicles of mixed surfactants TDMAO/LiPFO
Authors: Hörmann Anja F. , Feoktystov Artem , Narayanan Theyencheri , Gummel Jeremie , Gradzielski Michael
Published: June 2023

The mixed surfactant system of tetradecyldimethylamine oxide (TDMAO) and lithium perfluorooctanoate (LiPFO) is known to spontaneously self-assemble into well-defined small unilamellar vesicles. For a quantitative analysis of small-angle x-ray scattering on this model system, we complemented the measurements with densitometry, conductimetry, and contrast-variation small-angle neutron scattering. The analysis points to two main findings: first, the vesicles formed to contain a much higher mole fraction (0.61–0.64) of TDMAO than the bulk sample (0.43) and predicted by Regular Solution Theory (RST, 0.46). In consequence, the unimer concentration of LiPFO is more than 5 times higher than predicted by RST. Second, the vesicle bilayer is asymmetric with a higher fraction of LiPFO on the outside. These findings on a model system should be of broader relevance for the understanding of similar mixed surfactant vesicle systems and thereby also be of importance for their use in a number of applications.
Extraction of photoluminescence with Pearson correlation coefficient from images of field-installed photovoltaic modules
Authors: Vuković M. , H. Liland K. , Indahl U. G. , Jakovljević M. , S. Flø A. , Olsen E. , Burud I.
Published: June 2023

Photoluminescence imaging of field-installed photovoltaic modules has the potential to be a high throughput on-site inspection technique. A contribution to this development is a noninvasive photoluminescence imaging method that has been proposed recently. It is based on acquiring images during a progressing current–voltage curve sweep, resulting in a detection of a continuously changing photoluminescence signal. From this follows the necessity to employ an alternative algorithm based on the Pearson correlation coefficient, which will contribute to efficient, unsupervised image processing and, thus, easier (in real-time) implementation. The new algorithm separates photoluminescence from the reflected sunlight, similar to the conventional subtraction algorithm. However, it is robust to varying solar irradiance and can process the photoluminescence signal emitted from multiple asynchronized strings. We predict that it will enable unsupervised real-time surveillance and detection of functional anomalies at a low computational cost. It is also more sensitive at segmenting ground-reflected photoluminescence.
Reduction of helium permeation in microfabricated cells using aluminosilicate glass substrates and Al2O3 coatings
Authors: Carlé C. , Keshavarzi S. , Mursa A. , Karvinen P. , Chutani R. , Bargiel S. , Queste S. , Vicarini R. , Abbé P. , Abdel Hafiz M. , Maurice V. , Boudot R. , Passilly N.
Published: June 2023

The stability and accuracy of atomic devices can be degraded by the evolution of their cell inner atmosphere. Hence, the undesired entrance or leakage of background or buffer gas, respectively, that can permeate through the cell walls, should be slowed down. In this work, we investigate helium permeation in microfabricated alkali vapor cells filled with He and whose windows are made of borosilicate glass (BSG) or aluminosilicate glass (ASG). The permeation is then derived from routine measurements of the pressure-shifted hyperfine transition frequency of an atomic clock. We first confirm that ASG reduces the He permeation rate by more than two orders of magnitude, in comparison to BSG. In addition, we demonstrate that Al2O3 thin-film coatings, known to avoid alkali consumption in vapor cells, can also significantly reduce He permeation. The permeation through BSG is thereby reduced by a factor up to 130, whereas the one through ASG is decreased by a factor up to 5.0 compared to uncoated substrates. These results may contribute to the development of miniaturized atomic clocks and sensors with improved long-term stability or sensitivity.
Theory and experiment disagree on alpha particles
Authors: Hill Heather M.
Published: June 2023

Electron-scattering experiments on excited helium nuclei open questions about the accuracy and sensitivity of state-of-the-art nuclear models.
Optical analogues to NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Wright John C. , Chen Peter C.
Published: June 2023

By using tunable lasers to entangle rotational, vibrational, and electronic states, researchers are learning more about molecules and their properties than from previous methods.
Understanding how young cisgender heterosexual men navigate sexual health conversations and practices during casual sex: a qualitative study
Authors: Waling Andrea
Published: June 2023

Background Young cisgender heterosexual men in Australia are the least likely population group to undergo testing for sexually transmissible infections (STI) and ensuring barrier method use during casual sex with cisgender women who have sex with men, with rates of STIs increasing among this group. This research examines how these men navigate sexual health conversations and practices during casual sexual encounters. Methods A total of 30 semi-structured interviews with young cisgender heterosexual men living in Australia during 2021 were conducted. Participants were asked questions about their dating and sexual practices, including sexual health knowledge, how they learned to have sex, and navigating sexual health conversations with partners, such as STI testing, and barrier method and hormonal contraceptive use. Findings were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis techniques. Results Findings note that men use various strategies of avoidance including sustaining the erotic moment, and assuming women’s responsibility. Participants also noted limited relationality, in which they highlighted individualised concerns for their own sexual health wellbeing but not that of their partners. Conclusions This research highlights that despite increased awareness and promotion of STI prevention and contraceptive responsibility, young cisgender heterosexual men continue to forego their responsibilities regarding their own and other’s sexual health during casual sexual encounters. Findings highlight a need to include gender transformative approaches to sexual health promotion and practice to address continuing gender inequities.
Microcrystalline cellulose/graphene oxide aerogel for adsorption of cationic dye from aqueous solution
Authors: Hasanpour Maryam
Published: June 2023

Today, the increasing growth of industrial activities has caused the entry of large amounts of pollutants into water resources. Owing to the toxicity of these pollutants, their removal from water sources is essential. An adsorbent based on microcrystalline cellulose/graphene oxide (MCC/GO) aerogel was synthesised and its efficiency was investigated to remove methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solutions. Various factors such as concentration of GO in microcrystalline cellulose/graphene oxide (MCC/GO- x) aerogel, pH solution, adsorbent dosage, initial concentration of MB and contacting time were optimised on the adsorption capacity. The outcomes displayed that the maximum adsorption capacity could get to 645 mg g−1. The batch adsorption tests confirmed the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir isotherms as the best-fitted models to describe the adsorption of the adsorbent.
Adsorption structure of macrocyclic energetic molecule DOATF on Au(111)
Authors: Chang Xiao , Huang Li , Gao Yixuan , Yu Changjiang , Cao Yun , Lv Long , Lin Xiao , Du Shixuan , Gao Hong-Jun
Published: June 2023

Furazan macrocyclic compound 3,4:7,8:11,12:15,16-tetrafurazan-1,9-dioxazo-5,13- diazocyclohexadecane (DOATF) is an ideal energetic material with high heat of formation. Here, using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and non-contact atomic force microscopy (nc-AFM), we investigated the adsorption structure of DOATF molecules on Au(111) surface, which shows the four furanzan rings in the STM images and a bright protrusion off the center of the molecule in the nc-AFM images. Combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we confirmed that the bright feature in the nc-AFM images is an N–O coordinate bond pointing upwards in one of the two azoxy groups; while the other N–O bond pointing towards the Au(111) surface. Our work contributes for a deeper understanding of the adsorption structure of macrocyclic compounds, which would promote the designing of DOATF-metal frameworks.
Detection of Quasi-periodic Oscillations in SGR 150228213
Authors: Chen Run-Chao , Deng Can-Min , Wang Xiang-Gao , Zhou Zi-Min , Yang Xing , Lin Da-Bin , Wang Qi , Liang En-Wei
Published: June 2023

The detection of quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) in magnetar giant flares (GFs) has brought a new perspective to studies of the mechanism of magnetar bursts. Due to the scarcity of GFs, searching for QPOs in magnetar short bursts is reasonable. Here we report the detection of a narrow QPO at approximately 110 Hz and a wide QPO at approximately 60 Hz in the short magnetar burst SGR 150228213, with a confidence level of 3.35σ. This burst was initially attributed to 4U 0142+61 by Fermi/GBM on location, but we have not detected such QPOs in other bursts from this magnetar. We also found that there was a repeating fast radio burst associated with SGR 150228213 on location. Finally, we discuss the possible origins of SGR 150228213.
Design and Application of Zero Poisson Large Deformation Superstructure
Authors: Song Kai , Du Jiazheng , Tao Ran
Published: May 2023

The variant wing can adapt to more complicated operating environment. There often need large thickness deformation and wingspan change in the process of wing deformation. Meanwhile, the deformation process should not affect other components, which requires that both the wing structure and the outer panel cover have the function of zero poisson’s ratio and large deformation. For this reason, this work designed a two-dimensional poisson’s ratio structure based on the topology optimization and variable density method. Then, optimization design method was adopted to meet the demand of zero poisson’s ratio and large deformation of wing cover. Furthermore, the equivalent elastic tensor of zero poisson’s ratio structure with large deformation was predicted using energy homogenization method, and the mechanical properties of zero poisson’s ratio structure were verified. Finally, numerical simulation method was conducted to predict the mechanical properties of zero poisson’s ratio wing covering lattice structure. To summarize, a kind of wing cover structure with zero poisson’s ratio and large deformation in this study was obtained and the application of this structure in aerospace was also demonstrated.
A Recommendation Model for Highway Horizontal Curve Indicators Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Ma Huanyu , Yin Lixiang , Shen Yang , Liang Zhedong , Chen Jun , Peng Jiangtao
Published: May 2023

The horizontal alignment design is the result of the designer’s comprehensive consideration of smooth alignment and satisfying multiple design goals such as safety, environmental protection and economy.Through analyzing a large number of highway horizontal design cases,the statistical laws of intersection spacing, declination angle and the relationship between them are introduced. Based on this and the machine learning algorithms, a horizontal basic curve indicator recommendation model suitable for the single intersection design and the double intersection design process is built. Finally, the reliability of the model is verified and evaluated by using the calculation accuracy, test set error and average difference.
Finite Element Simulation of Jet Fracture and Distribution of Grooving Charge Cover on Inner Surface
Authors: Peng Zhou , Rujiang Li
Published: May 2023

According to the analysis of the application of grooves on the inner surface of the conical charge cover in JET warhead, when the charging structure of the conical charge cover and the caliber of the charge cover are determined, Ansys LS-DYNA explicit finite element analysis software was used to study the JET fracture time, JET granulation and JET distribution caused by the groove depth and groove spacing of the inside surface of the charge cover of five groups. On this basis, parallel group experiments were conducted to analyze the data structure of the five groups. The influence law of groove structure on jet after effect on the inner surface of conical drug cover was obtained. It was found that when groove depth was 0.1mm, the effect on jet after effect was good, while the effect on jet after effect was poor when groove depth was 0.2mm. Reducing groove spacing on the inner surface would optimize jet fracture.
Design of a Thick Gas Electron Multiplier based photon pre-amplifier
Authors: Putignano O. , Muraro A. , Cancelli S. , Giacomelli L. , Gorini G. , Grosso G. , Kushoro M.H. , Marcer G. , Nocente M. , Perelli Cippo E. , Rebai M. , Tardocchi M. , Croci G.
Published: June 2023

In this paper we present the design of a photon pre-amplifier based on a photo-cathode
coated Thick Gas Electron Multiplier (THGEM). Such device is crucial in application where a weak
light signal produced in a radiation detector must be amplified so that it can be carried to a
photo-detector by means of optical fibres. An example of a device where a light signal must be
amplified is a gamma-ray Cherenkov detector for fusion power measurements in magnetic confinement
devices. In such application the active part of the detector must be located very close the
plasma, typically in a harsh radiation environment where standard photodetectors cannot operate.
The photon pre-amplifier allows to increase the signal generated in the active part of the
detector so that it can be easily detected by the photodetector located outside the harsh
environment. We present the conceptual design of a THGEM based photon pre-amplifier supported by
Garfield++ simulations. The device working principle is the following: primary photons impinge on
the photo-cathode and extract electrons that are accelerated by the THGEM electric field. Upon
collisions with the accelerated electrons, the gas molecules in the pre-amplifier are brought to
excited states and de-excite emitting scintillation photons. Since each electron excites multiple
gas molecules, the scintillation photons outnumber the primary photons, leading to the
amplification. In addition, we present the first observation of measurements of Nitrogen gas
scintillation in a THGEM device. We devised an experimental setup consisting of a vacuum chamber
containing a THGEM and an alpha particle source. The vacuum chamber is filled with pure nitrogen
and is coupled to a photomultiplier tube via a view-port to detect the scintillation photons
generated in the THGEM. For sake of simplicity the electrons that induce the scintillation are
generated by the ionization track of an alpha particle rather than by the THGEM photo-cathode
coating. A good qualitative agreement between simulations and experiment has been found, however
no quantitative conclusions can be made due to the lack of N2 excitation cross sections in
the Garfield++ code.
Settlement Analysis in Potentially Liquifiable Soil at Kretek 2 Bridge Area
Authors: Nurdiansyah F , Adi A D , Ismanti S
Published: June 2023

The Kretek 2 Bridge is one of the important infrastructures built on the southern coast road of Java. Referring to the Map of Indonesia Liquefaction Vulnerability Zone in 2019, Kretek 2 Bridge was identified as a high liquefaction susceptibility zone. The result of liquefaction potential analysis on the slab-on-pile section indicates that the soil layer has potential to liquefy if an earthquake occurs. Based on the Liquefaction Severity Index, the slab-on-pile section of the Kretek 2 Bridge has a high severity index at BH-10, moderate severity index at BH-11, and low severity index at BH-01 and BH-12. One of liquefaction effects is a ground settlement. Settlement due to liquefaction is a vertical soil deformation in the soil layer caused by compaction due to the earthquake. This study was conducted by calculating the settlement of sand deposits in slab-on-pile section using an equation proposed by Zhang et al. in 2002 and Yoshimine in 2006. The results of settlement analysis using Zhang’s method to predict settlement in the study area, BH-10 having the most significant settlement at 29.803 cm. Using the settlement analysis method by Yoshimine, the highest settlement found in BH-10, which is 30.401 cm.
Failure Investigation of Braced Excavation in Soft Clays: Case Study on the Collapse of Nicoll Highway
Authors: Abdi Ari Surya , Ou Chang-Yu
Published: June 2023

Deep excavation in clay normally causes large soil movement, which may induce basal heave failure. In this study, the three-dimensional finite element analysis with the strength reduction method was employed to evaluate the typical failure mechanism of braced excavation in soft clays. The collapse of Nicoll Highway was selected as a failure case history and further conducted by considering the full elastoplastic structural behavior. The results showed that the computed wall displacements were successfully verified through the observation data. It was also found that the excavation failure was initiated by the yielding of the strut-waler connection, which was similar to that of the field observation. Finally, the proposed finite element model adopted in this study can be used as a design recommendation to evaluate the failure mechanism and further prevent possible braced excavation failure in soft clays.
Characterization of sprayable mulch film from yam nagara starch for agricultural application
Authors: Ghani RA , Elma M , Lestari RA , Alsiren A , Nasruddin  , Rahma A
Published: June 2023

The conventional mulch film generally produced from plastic to control of weed in agriculture activities. Nevertheless, the used of conventional mulch film has impact to pollute the environment, due to non-degradable. Therefore, mulch film from natural material derived yam nagara starch can be alternative to substitute the conventional mulch film that more eco-friendly. The aims of this study are to fabricate and characterization of mulch film from yam nagara starch which prepared by sprayed technique. The yam nagara starch prepared from local sweet potato varieties (Ipomoea batatas L) of Nagara, South Kalimantan. Fabrication of mulch film was conducted by mixed yam nagara starch with varied composition (0.25-0.75 wt%), hydrolysed keratin of chicken feather, corn gluten meal (CGM), acetate acid, and carbon black. The final solution of yam nagara mulch film was applied on top soil as plant medium using compressor spray gun and left to dry for 24 h. Furthermore, the sprayable mulch films were characterized by several parameters i.e., FTIR, water solubility, water uptake, tensile strength and elongation. Sprayable mulch film from yam nagara starch were successfully fabricated for agriculture application. The results show the sprayable mulch film with composition of 0.75 wt% yam nagara starch obtain a good plastic-like characteristics and may be affordable to be degraded due to easily to can soluble with water and high-water uptake properties. In other hand, sprayable mulch film from yam nagara starch in this work affordable to restrains weeds of the chilli plants for agriculture application.
Measuring The Use of Detention Basin as Flood Control System at Campus I Lambung Mangkurat University Banjarmasin, Indonesia
Authors: Amalia Maya , Muchamad Bani Noor , Sutanti Maulidya Putri , Sofia Elma , Helda Noordiah
Published: June 2023

South Kalimantan Province has experienced floods during the rainy seasons due to high intensity of precipitation. In mid-January 2021, flood inundated the Banjarmasin Campus I area of Lambung Mangkurat University (ULM Campus I). In mid-December 2021, other flood case inundated Campus I ULM. The research aims to measure the effectiveness of using detention basin as flood control in Banjarmasin campus area of ULM. Data collection is based on hydrological analysis of rain data to obtain a designed flood discharge with a return period of 20 years using the Der Weduwen method. The hydraulic analysis of the transverse and longitudinal sections on the river section of Campus I ULM was analyzed using the HEC-RAS. Based on the value of the flood volume, an analysis of the volume of the detention basin is carried out, where the volume of the detention basin must be greater than the volume of the flood. Spatial data is used to obtain contours using ArcGIS, to determine the optimal location of the detention basin. Based on the simulation, cumulative planned flood volume was 36,010 m3 with a discharge value of 89.30 m3/s. It was designed two detention basin. First detention basin dimension is 160 m x 130 m x 1.5 m located closed to General Building. The second one, located at Master of Law Building with dimension is 120 m x 35 m x 1.5 m First detention basin dimension is 160 m x 130 m x 1.5 m located closed to General Building. The second one, located at Master of Law Building with dimension is 120 m x 35 m x 1.5 m.
The compressive strength and the setting time of partial replacement of fly ash by palm oil fuel ash on geopolymer paste and mortar
Authors: Nurwidayati R , Saidy A R , Wardhana H , Chairunnisa N , Anshar A
Published: June 2023

This study replaced fly ash with palm oil fuel ash (POFA) in geopolymer paste and mortar. The alkaline activator was a mixture of sodium silicate solution and sodium hydroxide solution with a ratio of 2.5. Three variables were evaluated: the raw material combination (100% fly ash and 25% POFA substituted to fly ash), the mass ratio of raw material to alkali activator (60/40, 65/35, and 70/30), and NaOH molarity (8 M and 10 M). The geopolymer mortar was utilized based on the highest compressive strength of geopolymer paste. The ratio of fine aggregate to binder was 65 to 35. The result showed that the compressive strength of geopolymer paste increased as NaOH molarity increased. 25% substitution of POFA for fly ash increased the compressive strength of geopolymer paste from 12.0% to 27% at 28 days. The raw material/ alkali activator ratio of 65/35 indicated the highest compressive strength. The POFA replacement for fly ash had a longer setting time than 100% fly ash. The compressive strength ratio of mortar to the geopolymer paste was 0.66 and 0.59 for the 65/35 and 70/30 ratios of raw material to alkali activator, respectively.
Single and combined use of fall-risk-increasing drugs and fracture risk: a population-based case–control study
Authors: Hauff Jonathan , Rottenkolber Marietta , Oehler Patrick , Fischer Sebastian , Gensichen Jochen , Drey Michael , Alexander G Caleb , Guthrie Bruce , Dreischulte Tobias
Published: June 2023

Background

while many drug groups are associated with falls in older people, less is known about absolute increases in risk and how these risks vary across different groups of drugs or individuals.

Method and Design

we conducted a population based nested case–control study among people aged ≥65 years in the Scottish regions of Tayside and Fife. Cases were individuals hospitalised with a fracture between 2010 and 2020, to whom we matched up to 10 controls. We examined relative and absolute risks of drug groups known as ‘Fall-Risk-Increasing Drugs’ (FRIDs), alone and in combination, and among younger and older (≥75 years) adults. Adjusting for previous hospitalisations, drug use and laboratory data, we used conditional logistic regression to quantify associations between drug exposures and outcomes. We conducted four sensitivity analyses to test the robustness of our findings.

Results

the cohort comprised 246,535 people aged ≥65 years, of whom 18,456 suffered an incident fracture. Fracture risks were significantly increased for most FRIDs examined. Absolute risks were much larger among older vs younger people and both relative and absolute risks increased with the number of FRIDs combined. Overall, the highest absolute increase in risk were found in people aged ≥75 years for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (number needed to harm 53), tricyclic antidepressants (NNH 81), antipsychotics (NNH 75) and use of three or more FRIDs (NNH ≤66).

Conclusion

patients aged ≥75 years prescribed antidepressants or antipsychotics or taking three or more drugs that increase risk of falls may benefit most from deprescribing interventions.