bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
China–DPRK Relations, China’s Rise, and DPRK Aggressions toward the ROK–U.S., 1990–2021
Authors: Chung Alec
Published: July 2023

This study investigates, using statistical analysis and case evidence, whether cooperative China–DPRK relations or China’s rise influence the DPRK to act more aggressively toward the ROK–U.S. Statistically, amicable China–DPRK ties have a positive association with the number of DPRK’s aggressive actions toward the ROK–U.S. The increase in China–DPRK’s material capability relative to that of the ROK–U.S. also positively affected this number. These findings are further supported through case evidence: China’s stance toward the DPRK before and after the sinking of the Cheonan in 2010, and the THAAD incident between the DPRK’s fourth and fifth nuclear tests in 2016.
Ruchy kobiece w Rosji na przełomie XIX i XX w. w walce o dostęp kobiet do edukacji
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Goworko-Składanek Beata , Sadowska Joanna ,   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku
Published: July 2023

Women’s movements in Russia in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries consisted of a number of environments that differed in terms of ideology and were activating at different times. All of them wanted to broaden women’s access to education, up to equal rights with men. For some it was the main goal, as education was a chance for women to gain economic independence and subjectivity. Achieving these goals required not only the consent of the tsarist authorities, but also a change in the patriarchal attitude of society, including women themselves. Progress was gradual, but not systematic, and there were periods of regression. The main factor was the current political and social situation in the Empire, which was very dynamic at that time. Six decades saw the spread of co-educational primary schools and Sunday schools for adults, the creation of female high schools with a curriculum close to that of male gymnasia, and female colleges of a vocational nature. Independent, active, conscious and educated leaders of women’s movements have become role models for new generations of women.
Green innovations in Georgia and Poland: Comparative Analysis – Selected Issues
Authors:   Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Ghubianuri Mariam , Zapolska Karolina ,   Faculty of Law, University of Bialystok, Poland
Published: July 2023

This article analyses the concept of green innovations. This concept is based on the premise that economic activities should focus on the search for more efficient use of resources. Green innovations are a form of innovation aiming at reducing the negative impact of products and production processes on the environment. The aim of the article is to highlight some of the problematic areas in the way the legal systems of Poland and Georgia treat green innovations. In both analyzed countries, green innovations, are the part of the law that is still forming and its application lacks clarity and consistency. This paper also provides a comparison of the green innovations in Polish and Georgia which allows detection of similar or different solutions in the area of animal protection. The paper also shows the normative solutions in this area. The study of the outlined problems was mainly based on the comparative, dogmatic, and legal method. The article finishes with synthetic conclusions.
Structural changes of bamboo cellulose in formic acid
Authors: Sun Yong , Lin Lu , Deng Haibo , Li Jiazhe , He Beihai , Sun Runchang , Ouyang Pingkai
Published: July 2023

The structure of cellulose from bamboo fiber before and after treatment in formic acid was investigated in comparison with microcrystalline-cellulose by solid state NMR, FTIR, and X-ray diffraction diagrams. Differences of molecular structures among two kinds of celluloses were validated and expatiated. Results from the experiments indicated notable differences in the crystalline or amorphous region of microcrystalline-cellulose and bamboo fiber. CP-MAS 13C-NMR, and FTIR spectroscopy revealed the presence of Iα and Iβ forms in all of the samples. The effect of acid solution was achieved simultaneously both in the crystalline region and the amorphous region, but there was a more intensive effect on the crystalline region for bamboo fiber. All of the cellulose samples revealed the same chain conformation but a different hydrogen bonding pattern. The absorbency of hydrogen bonds shifted to a high wave number and gradually decreased during treatment. The intermolecular hydrogen bond of 6-OH…O-3′ decreased first, and then increased gradually, which indicated that the cellulose bundled together during hydrolysis.
Liquefaction of corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) in hot-compressed phenol
Authors: Xua Chunbao , Sua Huasu , Cang Daqiang
Published: July 2023

The present work aims to liquefy corn Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles (DDGS), a by-product in corn ethanol production, to produce liquid products as a potential substitute for petroleum-derived phenol or an additive in the manufacturing of phenolic resins. Efficient liquefaction of DDGS has been realized with hot-compressed phenol at 200-450°C. Effects of liquefaction temperature, initial phenol/DDGS ratio (wt/wt), residence time, and catalysts on yields of liquefaction products, as well as characterizations of typical liquid and solid products, have been investigated. The yield of liquid products increased with temperature, while it peaked at around 300°C, due to condensation/cracking reactions of the liquid intermediates/products to form solid products (i.e., coke/char) at temperatures higher than 300°C. The liquid yield increased monotonically with the initial phenol/DDGS ratio for a specified treatment time and temperature. An increased residence time generally produced a lower yield of liquid products, and a higher yield of solid residue, which was likely due to the increased coke/char formation from liquid products for a prolonged residence time. The yield of liquid products reached a maximum of 97 wt% at 300°C for 5 min-operation with Phenol/DDGS of 2/1. K2CO3, Rb2CO3, and NaOH were found very effective catalysts for enhancing the liquid yields. The use of these catalysts resulted in a 25% relative increase in the liquid yields for 5 minute operation with Phenol/DDGS of 1/1 at 300°C.
HIGH OLEIC SUNFLOWER OIL DECREASES ENDOGENOUS BIOSYNTHESIS OF ENERGY FATTY ACIDS AND INCREASES ENDOGENOUS BIOSYNTHESIS OF ω-3 LONG-CHAIN PUFA
Authors: Levitskiy А. P. , Levitskiy Yu. A. , Selivanska I. A. , Lapinska А. P. , Velichko V. V.
Published: July 2023

The work shows that Fatty acids of dietary fats provide two main functions in the human and animal body: energy and structural-regulatory, Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are the basis of membrane lipids of all cells of the body The structure and functional activity of cells, their resistance to pathogenic factors depends on the ratio of ω-6 / ω-3 PUFA. Аdherence to recommended metabolic energy reserves in poultry feed is essential to optimize feed costs. The use of oils or fats is a common economic practice in modern poultry production. Energy functions are carried out due to the oxidation of energy fatty acids in mitochondria, which include, first of all, palmitic (С16:0), palmitooleic (С16:0), stearic (С18:1) and oleic (С18:1). In addition to providing energy, edible oil can also enhance dietary palatability, reduce dustiness, and increase lipoprotein hydrolysis to promote the production of essential fatty acids. Adipose tissue should be considered not only as a source of various fatty acids, but also as an important endocrine organ that takes an active part in the activity of the immune system. To determine the effect of a diet with high oleic sunflower oil on the content of energy fatty acids (EFA) and long-chain PUFA (LCPUFA) in rat liver lipids. We used high oleic sunflower oil (HOSO) containing 85.5% oleic acid. The rats were fed a fat-free diet (FFD) and diets with 5 or 15% HOSO for 35 days. Lipids were extracted from the liver and separated into three fractions: neutral lipids (NL), phospholipids (PL) and free fatty acids (FFA). The fatty acid composition of lipid fractions was determined by gas chromatography. FFA are the sum of the following acids:С16:0, С16:1, С18:0, С18:1andС18:2. LCPUFA are presented С20:4 ω-6, С20:5 ω-3, С22:5 ω-3and С22:6 ω-3. Most of all, EFA is contained in the NL fraction (89%), then in the PL fraction (79%), and least of all in the FFA fraction (68%). LCPUFA is found most of all in the FFA fraction (20%), then in the PL fraction (13%), and least of all in the NL fraction (2%). In rats that received fat diets, the content of EFA increased in the NL fraction by 2-3%, in the FFA fraction by 5-8%, and did not change in the PL fraction. The content of LCPUFA ω-6 (arachidonic acid) with fat nutrition dose-dependently decreases in the fraction of NL and FFA and does not change in the fraction of PL. On the contrary, the content of ω-3 LCPUFA increases in rats treated with HOSO in all lipid fractions. Also, the ω-6/ω-3 LCPUFA ratio is significantly reduced in rats treated with HOSO. Consumption of HOSO stimulates endogenous biosynthesis of ω-3 LCPUFA.
The pinnacle of S. S. Zimnitsky scientific work — nephrology research
Authors: Оslopov V. N. , Khazova E. V. , Khasanov N. R. , Oslopova Yu. V. , Mishanina Yu. S. , Oslopova D. V.
Published: July 2023

The pinnacle of S. S. Zimnitsky scientific heritage is the Zimnitsky, which makes it possible to assess the renal function without invasive procedures and burdening the patient. Proposed a hundred years ago, the Zimnitsky test shows its effectiveness at the present time. S. S. Zimnitsky proposed an original classification of hydronephrosis, described a special form of nephritis and rejected the filtration theory of urine formation, promoting the secretory one. In his purely scientific nephrological articles, S. S. Zimnitsky acts as a sincere and ardent patriot of his great homeland.
Critical thinking in medical education
Authors: Pavlov Ch. S. , Kovalevskaya V. I. , Varganova D. I. , Turankova T. A. , Semenistaya M. Ch. , Tepluk D. A. , Litvinova T. M. , Volel B. A.
Published: July 2023

Technological advances in the modern world have led to a paradigm shift in medical education, identifying new challenges. The need to meet these challenges has required the implementation of evidence-based clinical practice, which allows the best quality evidence to be used to provide optimal patient care and improve healthcare efficiency. Obtaining evidence of the efficacy and safety of drugs and medical technologies, the diagnostic accuracy of interventions became possible due to the introduction of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. This methodology forms clinical thinking in parallel with the development of research and analytical competencies, which is one of the urgent tasks of modern medical education. The article reflects the experience of the Department of Internal Diseases of the Sechenov University in implementing a practice-oriented research module aimed at developing critical thinking using evidence-based medicine methods among students and residents. The inclusion of research competencies in the educational process will make it possible to qualitatively transform medical education and form a generation of competitive competent specialists in demand in the world of constantly developing technologies.
Emotional competencies as a factor in maintaining the mental health of medical workers
Authors: Plugina M. I.
Published: July 2023

Aim. To study the protective role of emotional competencies (ECs) in maintaining the mental health of medical workers.

Material and methods. The sample consisted of 170 medical workers. Methods for assessing the level of emotional burnout and empathic abilities by V. V. Boyko, emotional intelligence by D. V. Lyusin, the style of behavior self-regulation by V. I. Morosanova, the differential type of reflection by D. A. Leontiev, the neuroticism by K. K. Yakhin, D. M. Mendelevich. The following statistical methods were used: correlation analysis (Pearson r-test), hierarchical factor analysis.

Results. Reliable two-way correlations were determined between a wide range of individual symptoms of emotional burnout and neuroticism, which are manifestations of mental illness, and the characteristics of the emotional intelligence of medical workers. Based on factor analysis of self-regulation parameters, empathy, reflection and emotional intelligence, 4 ECs were identified: intrapersonal areflexive Ego-centered, intrapersonal infantile, regulative, intrapersonal reflexive. We determined that in mentally healthy medical workers, the regulative ECs are most pronounced. Employees with the early stage mental illness simultaneously present intrapersonal ECs that are multidirectional in terms of reflexivity (areflexive Ego-centered and reflexive). Mentally unhealthy medical workers were found to be unformed in all ECs.

Conclusion. The positive relationships identified in the study between regulative mature intrapersonal and interpersonal ECs and a favorable mental health of medical workers suggest the need to develop training programs for ECs as a factor in maintaining the mental health of medical workers.
Chronic hypoparathyroidism: clinical manifestations, complications and impact on the quality of life
Authors: Kovaleva E. V. , Eremkina A. K. , Mokrysheva N. G.
Published: July 2023

Hypoparathyroidism is a relatively rare endocrine disorder caused by the absence production of parathyroid hormone, leading to the classical biochemical features such as hypocalcaemia and hyperphosphataemia.

The data from Europe, the USA and Asian countries shows that the long course of chronic postsurgical and non-surgical hypoparathyroidism can lead to many complications from different organs and systems. Hypoparathyroidism increases the risk of kidney disease, including kidney failure, neuropsychiatric disorders and infections. The frequency and degree of disease complications depend on its etiology. Non-surgical hypoparathyroidism is associated with an increased risks of cataracts, cardiovascular diseases and vertebral fractures; however, the pathogenesis of these disorders is not fully understood. Various parameters of mineral homeostasis were discussed in the context of identified complications. For example, persistent hypercalciuria and intake of large doses of calcium and vitamin D supplements were associated with the structural pathology of the kidneys (nephrolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis).

This review covers the issue of the clinical manifestations and complications of chronic hypoparathyroidism, as well as predictors of their development.
Some aspects of diagnosis, course and prediction of outcomes of a new coronavirus infection in patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Volynkina A. P. , Khodarina Yu. V. , Kazakova P. I. , Volynkina E. A. , Naumova N. V. , Elizarova I. O.
Published: July 2023

Introduction. By 2023 it has been detected more than 600 million cases of COVID-19. One of the most significant risk factors for the severe course of a new coronavirus infection (NCVI) is the presence of comorbid diseases, especially the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM).

Aim. To investigate the laboratory and clinical features of a new coronavirus infection in people with diabetes mellitus, to identify predictors of an adverse outcome of COVID-19.

Material and methods. We carried out data from medical records of 248 patients treated in “Voronezh Clinical Emergency Hospital № 10” in the departments “COVID-5” and “COVID-8”. Data collection and statistical processing were performed with Microsoft Excel 10.0 and StatSoft STATISTICA 12.0 programs.

Results. The most frequent complaints of patients were general weakness, hyperthermia and dry cough. The analysis of the age characteristics revealed that the peak incidence of NCVI in hospitalized patients without DM falls on 70-79 years, with concomitant DM — on 60-69 years.

Among comorbid pathologies, hypertension, coronary heart disease and chronic heart failure prevailed. The presence of these diseases is a predictor of adverse outcomes in NCVI, along with cerebrovascular diseases and anemia.

Evaluation of laboratory data revealed the link of elevated levels of ferritin, C-reactive protein and D-dimer with an increased risk of death of NCVI.

Conclusion. Estimation the risk factors of a fatal outcome is crucial for the choice of patient treatment tactics.
Role of local landlords in small-town high streets – a study of Trowbridge, UK
Authors: Armstrong Keegan , Wiejak-Roy Grazyna
Published: July 2023

High streets are a vital part of national identity and infrastructure. Responses to high street decline need to encourage stakeholder engagement. The prominence of local retail landlords as a key potential stakeholder group in smaller towns has been overlooked. Through a case study of Trowbridge, a small town in the UK, this research investigates local landlords’ contributions towards countering high street decline and their attitudes towards the challenges of maintaining healthy small-town centres. Primary qualitative data are gathered through local inspection and semi-structured interviews with local landlords. Secondary quantitative data include ownership, vacancy and occupier type. Local landlords are of particular importance, despite engaging insufficiently with wider regeneration schemes. Local landlords demonstrate a strong awareness of the causes of high street decline and local issues. They also desire improvements to the current conditions of the high street, for both philanthropic and business reasons. The authors conclude that local landlords are a significant group with the credible potential to implement changes. This informs analyses of other towns struggling to reinvigorate their centres. While the case study provides a rich picture and the results are largely generalisable, further research is needed to understand more about the role of local landlords across similar towns with respective idiosyncrasies.
Untersuchung der Wahrnehmungen von Mentor-lehrern und Mentor-lehrer/ -innen mithilfe der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse von Mayring
Authors: Kocsis Rita
Published: July 2023

In meiner Forschung habe ich untersucht, wie MentorInnen die Kompetenzen von Lehrerbildner/ -innen in Ungarn wahrnehmen. In meiner Studie folgte ich dem kombinierten Paradigma, basierend auf Creswells interpretativem sequentiellen Designmodell. Ich wollte einerseits diese Forschungsmethode, andererseits die Ergebnisse meiner Forschung vorstellen.
Evaluation of corrosion characteristics of mild steel in the acidic environment using Cocoyam and Almond leaves extracts as inhibitors
Authors: Christopher N Mbah , Deborah C Onyeabor , Bonaventure C Ugwuanyi , Michael G Anuta , Chukwunonso S Nebechi , Obinna L Iyida , Kingsley C Nnakwo
Published: July 2023

The inhibition characteristics of Almond and Cocoyam leaves extracts on mild steel immersed in 1 M H2SO4 at immersion times of 24 h to 144 h have been investigated experimentally. The effects of various concentrations of the extracts on the corrosion rate and inhibition efficiency were also explored. The average corrosion rates (in mm yr-1) and inhibition efficiencies (in %) were determined at each extract concentration and immersion time. Results show that both extracts demonstrated excellent inhibition characteristics for mild steel in H2SO4 media as the corrosion rate of the mild steel decreased from 43.0096 mm yr-1 to 4.7019 mm yr-1 and 4.9528 mm yr-1 after adding 8 g/L of Cocoyam and Almond leaves extracts respectively. This can be linked with the adsorption of molecules of oxidative phytochemical constituents of the extracts on the mild steel surfaces which shielded the mild steel surfaces from further attack by the acid. Within the time range of the study, the inhibition efficiency of both Cocoyam and Almond leaves extracts increased with an increase in inhibitor concentration with maximum inhibition efficiencies of 70.15% and 56.67% recorded by Almond and Cocoyam leaves extracts respectively at concentrations of 8 g/L. Conclusively, Almond leaves extracts are better mild steel corrosion inhibitors than cocoyam leaves extracts, due to the lower pH value of Cocoyam leaf extract.
Laparoscopic resolution of Wünderlich syndrome as a primary treatment
Authors: Gastón López Fontana , Rodrigo López Fontana , Juan Manuel Guglielmi , Pedro Bellesty , José Daniel López Laur
Published: July 2023

Background: Spontaneous Retroperitoneal Hemorrhage, named Wünderlich Syndrome (WS) is usually managed by emergency surgeons with a conventional laparotomy. The aim is to report a patient with WS successfully treated by a laparoscopic approach avoiding open surgery. Methods: A 50-year-old female was diagnosed with WS hemodynamic instability and flank pain. After a normal CT scan that discarded visceral injuries and stabilized, the patient underwent a laparoscopic renal exploration. Results: Laparoscopic approach was as standard transperitoneal renal access. Fortunately, the hematoma was within Gerota fascia meaning a non-complex surgery. Due to the high R.E.N.A.L. score, it was necessary to complete a radical nephrectomy. Surgical time was 120 minutes without perioperative complications and the renal unit was retrieved using a Pfannenstiel incision. Estimate blood loss was not quantified. Finally, the hospital stay was 24 hrs. Conclusion: Laparoscopic approach could be performed in selected patients with WS especially when are hemodynamic stabilized with no visceral injury associated. Immediately treatment could facilitate the procedure because it avoids adherences or fibrosis due to hematoma. Experience in the laparoscopic approach is necessary.
Research on ERIH PLUS approved SSH journals present in OpenCitations Meta database v2
Authors: Ghasempouri Ali
Published: July 2023

In this study, we present a comprehensive workflow to assess the coverage of publications in Social Science and Humanities (SSH) journals indexed in ERIH-PLUS and their Open Access status according to the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ). The workflow utilizes three data sources: ERIH-PLUS, OpenCitations Meta, and DOAJ. The application of this workflow results in a dataset containing detailed information on SSH publications, including their disciplines, countries of origin, and Open Access status. Each step of the methodology enriches the dataset with new variables and insights. The output of this workflow includes discipline and country rankings, as well as visualizations to effectively communicate the findings. By following this step-by-step approach, researchers can better understand the landscape of SSH publications, identify trends in disciplines and countries, and evaluate the prevalence of Open Access in the field. The software implemented by means of this methodology and related documentation can be found in our github repository that will eventually be published on Zenodo.
Differentiation of human cortical neurons (CNs) from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) v2
Authors: Do Quyen
Published: July 2023

This protocol described the production of human cortical neurons from induced pluripotent stem cells. The differentiation protocol of cortical neurons is adapted and modified from Shi, Y. et al., 2012 (pharmacologically directed) and Zhang, Y. et al., 2013 (transcription factor directed), as previously described by Hedegaard et.al., 2020. These neurons exhibited molecular and functional hallmarks of cortical neurons.
Extraction and ONT MinION Library Preparation of uHMW gDNA v2
Authors: S. Herzog Kaylee
Published: July 2023

This custom protocol optimizes extraction, purification, and Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) MinION library preparation for ultra-high molecular weight genomic DNA (uHMW gDNA) from parasitic nematodes. It can be used effectively with both low-input samples (e.g., a single adult hookworm) and high-input samples (e.g., a chunk of tissue from an Ascaris sp. adult). Protocols on which this workflow is based: Zymo® Quick-DNATM Magbead Plus Kit protcol Oxford Nanopore Technologies® SQK-LSK-114 gDNA Ligation Sequencing protocol Zymo® DNA Clean & ConcentratorTM Magbead Kit
FarmBot Use Instructions v1
Authors: Ruppel Mia
Published: July 2023

This protocol contains instructions for setting up and running the RootBot system.
The Lower - Middle Miocene transition (Karpatian – Badenian) in the Krems Embayment (Central Paratethys, Lower Austria): a multistrati-graphic approach and the role of the Diendorf-Boskovice Fault System.
Authors: Gebhardt Holger , Schenk Bettina , Enge Annekatrin , Ćorić Stjepan , Ranftl Eva-Maria , Heinz Petra
Published: July 2023

The Krems Embayment contains the westernmost fully marine depositional environments of the Karpatian and Bade-nian transgressions in the Central Paratethys. Four drill cores were investigated to analyse the bio- and lithostratigraphic, and tectonic relations. The investigated core sections cover the Karpatian Laa Formation (bio-zones M4, NN4) and the Badenian Gaindorf Formation (M5b-M6, NN4-NN5). Important biostratigraphic indicators identified are Praeorbulina glomerosa glomerosa, Praeorbulina glomerosa circularis and Orbulina suturalis for the Gaindorf Formation. The Laa Formation is indicated by the absence of Praeorbulina, Orbulina and Globigerina falconensis, low numbers of Globorotalia bykovae, and a prominent peak in Helicosphaera ampliaperta abundance at the end of the Karpatian. Cibicidoides lopjanicus and Cassigerinella spp. occur with high percentages in Badenian samples and show much longer stratigraphic ranges than known from literature data. The depositional gap at the Karpatian-Badenian boundary has a minimum duration of 0.41 My in the Krems Embayment. The combination of bio- and lithostratigraphic data allows the correlation across major faults. The Diendorf-Boskovice Fault System played an important role during basin formation and was identified as very active during the early to middle Badenian Stage. The results of this study show the complex interaction of sedimentation, tectonic activity and paleobiological developments in this peripheral part of a marginal sea.
ANALYSIS OF THE DYNAMICS OF THE INTEGRAL RATING OF RUSSIAN COMPANIES ACCORDING TO A TWO-STAGE PROCEDURE, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE RISK
Authors: Vygodchikova I. Y. , Trofimenko A. V. , Forkunov N. P.
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to the development and justification of a multi–stage system of ranking and indexing of leading companies of the most important energy production sectors of the Russian economy - electric power industry and the oil and gas industry. The authors use a financial analytics apparatus based on regular financial (accounting) statements of companies according to accepted forms, a balance sheet and a report on financial results are applied. The authors developed and tested a methodology for sub–indexing important indicators of financial statements: total assets, capital structure - borrowed and own funds, net profit. The author's methodology allows for an express analysis of important indicators of companies' performance and to build an integral rating. The authors performed a comparative analysis of the rating of the leading companies in the oil and gas and electric power industry of Russia for several periods and obtained results that will allow making decisions that contribute to the stable development of companies for many years.
TRANSFORMATION OF BRAND MANAGEMENT TASKS IN THE CONTEXT OF EXPANSION OF TRADING PLATFORMS
Authors: Pleschenko V. I.
Published: July 2023

The rapid growth of electronic trading platforms (aggregators and marketplaces) has caused a significant transformation of the market of goods, works and services. At the same time, the new opportunities and amenities that sellers have, as well as the reduction of current costs when using marketplace trading platforms, have a reverse side. Among the emerging problems are the market dictate and the rigid framework of interaction used by these digital platforms, the need to address issues of intellectual property protection, as well as a significant limitation of the possibility of strengthening your own brand and partial loss of communication with end customers. The solution to these problems is possible either by adapting to the hegemony of marketplaces according to the umbrella scheme, which, ultimately, is expressed in the loss of identity, or through the use of an integrated approach in marketing policy that differentiates sales activities.
The effectiveness of the organization and specific prevention of Rh-conflict during pregnancy
Authors: Kharkevich Ol'ga N. , Dorovskaya Elena N.
Published: July 2023

AIM: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the organization and medical provision of complex specific antenatal and postpartum prevention of primary isoimmunization with domestic anti-Rh0(D) immunoglobulin in Rh-negative women.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: To achieve the goal, an algorithm for managing pregnancy in Rh-negative women was developed, complex antenatal and postpartum prophylaxis of primary isoimmunization with anti-Rh0(D) immunoglobulin was carried out, and its effectiveness was evaluated in 37 women who gave birth to Rh-positive newborns. If antibodies to the Rh0(D) antigen were not detected, then at 28 weeks pregnant women were administered human immunoglobulin anti-Rh0(D) at a dose of 1500 IU (300 g). Anti-Rh0(D) antibody titer was monitored every 23 weeks before delivery. Mothers were re-introduced with human anti-Rh0(D) immunoglobulin at a dose of 1500 IU (300 g) within 2472 hours after the birth of an Rh-positive child. 6 months after delivery, the antibody titer to the Rh0(D) antigen was re-determined.
RESULTS: After the introduction of domestic human immunoglobulin anti-Rh0(D), side effects and allergic reactions were not registered. All 37 (100%) women were delivered at term, of which 7 (18.9%) were delivered abdominally. All newborns were born with an Apgar score of 89 without hemolytic disease. The titer of antibodies to the Rh0(D) antigen was negative in 24 (64.9%) women 6 months after delivery. 13 (35.1%) mothers had a post-vaccination antibody titer not higher than 1 : 2, which is allowed by the instructions for the anti-Rh0(D) human immunoglobulin preparation. They tested negative again 12 months after delivery.
CONCLUSION: The results of the study showed a rather high efficiency of the organization and medical provision of complex specific antenatal and postpartum prevention of primary isoimmunization with domestic anti-Rh0(D) immunoglobulin in Rh-negative women.
The baronet’s nephew Willie: materials from the collection of the library of the Military Medical Academy
Authors: Gordienko Aleksand V. , Mamaeva Svetlana A.
Published: July 2023

The purpose of the article is to introduce into scientific circulation little-known handwritten materials from the library of the Military Medical Academy, containing additions to the facts of the biography, personal characteristics and close circle of the President of the Medical-Surgical Academy, the life physician of the three emperors, Baronet Yakov Vasilyevich Willie. The article presents the historical details of the transfer of the personal archive of the Willie and Ruhl families to the library of the Military Medical Academy by a descendant of famous doctors, a talented artist Mikhail Yakovlevich Willie. Fragments of the correspondence of Willies nephew the full namesake and also the life physician Yakov Vasilyevich Willie Jr. (or 2nd) with Scottish relatives and friends are given, in which, in particular, the features of medical education in Russia at the beginning of the 19th century are revealed. Handwritten in English in an illegible handwriting, the letters of young Willie lay in the manuscript fund for almost 100 years before, thanks to the efforts of the bibliographer Galina Mikhailovna Roslik, they were attracted to the attention of specialists who could read and translate them. The article also describes the details of the career and personal fate of the Scottish doctor Ya.V. Willie II in the Russian service, under Grand Duke Mikhail Pavlovich. The topic of the unprecedented testament of Baronet Willie on the transfer of the entire inheritance for the construction of a civil hospital in memory of Grand Duke Mikhail Pavlovich is touched upon.
The effect of equipment on the functional state and performance of servicemen with different body composition
Authors: Emelyanov Yury A. , Ovchinnikov Dmitry V. , Ryzhikov Mikhail A. , Baranov Yakov V. , Zhizhin Vladislav R. , Semenov Alexey A.
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: The development of an individual approach to planning the mass of equipment for each individual serviceman, taking into account the indicators of the component composition of the body and the preferences of servicemen, can in the future increase the level of effectiveness of combat operations by the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.
AIM: Determine the effect of the mass of equipment on the functional state and performance of military personnel, depending on the indicators of the component composition of the body.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on 140 volunteers, practically healthy male cadets of the Military Medical Academy aged 21 to 25 years. After bioimpedancemetry, all subjects were divided into two groups depending on the values of their fat mass. Next, the influence of equipment on the functional state of the body of cadets was determined using a step test.
RESULTS: The presence of a predominantly moderate positive correlation between the absolute, relative values of fat mass, BMI values and indicators of total power during the tests performed under the conditions of the work performed at loads of 0.5 (R-criterion values were 0.5740.693) and 1 W/kg (R-criterion values were 0.6240.681) without equipment. A similar correlation was found between the absolute, relative values of fat mass and indicators of total power during the test with a load of 1 W/kg (R-criterion values were 0.5340.547) in equipment.
CONCLUSION: The obtained results suggest that the increase in weight load caused by equipment in individuals with a fat mass of more than 11 kg, both at rest and under conditions of moderate physical activity with a power of 1 W/kg, to a greater extent causes stress on functional systems, expressed in changes in most cardiorespiratory and metabolic parameters, compared with individuals with a lower fat mass.
Challenges in Family Planning and Pregnancy for Women with Rheumatic Diseases
Authors: Siegel Caroline H ,   Division of Rheumatology; Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA,   Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA, Sammaritano Lisa R ,   Division of Rheumatology; Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA,   Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
Published: July 2023

Systemic rheumatic diseases (RDs) often affect women in their reproductive years and may complicate family planning and pregnancy. For women with RD who are not pursuing pregnancy, especially those at the highest risk of maternal morbidity or on teratogenic medications, effective contraception is important. For women with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and/or antiphospholipid antibodies, oestrogen-containing contraceptive methods are generally not recommended. Emergency contraception and induced abortion are safe for women with RD and should be discussed when clinically appropriate. Women with RD commonly have questions and concerns about the impact of their disease on fertility and conception. RD-associated factors may contribute to difficulties in conceiving and decreased family size. Assisted reproductive technology (ART) is often a safe option for women with RD. However, precautions and specific treatment modifications may be needed, particularly in women with SLE and/or antiphospholipid antibody positivity. SLE and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) are the RDs associated with the greatest risk of maternal and foetal pregnancy complications. Regardless of the specific RD, having an active disease is a significant risk factor for poor pregnancy outcomes. With appropriate preconception planning and multidisciplinary management during and after pregnancy, most women with RD can have successful pregnancies.
The Prevalence of Exposure to Violence Among Healthcare Professionals in Adana and Their Opinion on Violence in Health
Authors: Yılmaz Kemal , Kaya Kenan , Özesen Toygün Anıl , Hilal Ahmet
Published: July 2023

Objective: Workplace violence is an important source of problem for employees worldwide. The present study aimed to identify the prevalence of exposure to violence among healthcare professionals, the type of violence they experienced and influencing occupational features, and to determine the healthcare professionals’ opinion about the causes of violence and the potential measures to be taken against violence in health.
Methods: A 37-question survey was performed in 598 medical doctors and 357 healthcare assistants including nurses as well in Adana, Türkiye. 
Results: Of the 955 healthcare professionals participated in the study, 48.5% were male and 51.5% were female, and 85.9% have been subjected to violence at least once in their professional lifetime. The most common type of violence was psychological or verbal attack, which stated to be most frequently committed by the patient relatives and by male gender. Male healthcare workers were exposed to statistically significantly more physical violence. There was statistically significant correlation between the number of patients healthcare professionals dealt with in a day and the rate of exposure to violence. It was found that those who had been exposed to physical violence filed a complaint more than those who had been subjected to other forms of violence.
 Conclusion: High rates of violent behaviour against healthcare workers are at worrying levels indicating that violence in health is a critical problem. Solution of this problem requires all parties’, primarily the health policy makers’ undertaking important tasks.
Çevrimiçi Cinsel Şiddet
Authors: Bulut Burak , Kar Hakan , Gamsız Bilgin Nursel , Dokgöz Halis
Published: July 2023

Objective: The use of sexually explicit correspondence and images for sexual threats has become widespread today with the increasing use of social media platforms. In our study, it is aimed to retrospectively examine the victims of online sexual violence, to discuss them in the light of the literature and to draw attention to the potential risks of social media use.
Methods: The sociodemographic characteristics, social media platforms and types of online violence of the victims, their families and suspects/ perpetrators who applied to the Forensic Medicine Clinic between 01.01.2016 and 31.12.2020 were examined.
Results: 35 cases were included in the study. Thirty-two victim were female and 3 victim were male. The average age of the victims was 15. 94±2,98. The age range of the victims was 11-26 years. Nineteen victims were exposed to nude photos/videos, 15 victims were exposed to sexually explicit conversations. Victims were exposed to online violence via Whatsapp (14), Facebook (7), Instagram (6), Twitter (1) and Snapchat (1). 10 victims were threatened to share nude photos/videos via social media platforms.
Conclusion: Online sexually explicit conversation and sexually explicit photo/video sharing has emerged as a new type of violence with the increasing use of social media. It is necessary to organize training programs for children and adolescents and their parents about safe internet and social media use, and to raise awareness of the society about online risk factors and precautions to be taken.
Development of fast release tablet of talinolol using fourth generation carrier of solid dispersion technique
Authors: Atneriya Umesh K , Solanki Dharmendra , Tikariya Komal , Gawshinde Arpit
Published: July 2023

Talinolol is a beta1-selective adreno receptor antagonist well known for its Cardio protective and antihypertensive activity. Talinolol is a beta blocker. In biopharmaceutical classification system the drugs which come under class II are characterized by more membrane permeability, less dissolution rate. Talinolol is a poor aqueous solubility drug leads to poor bioavailability. So, the aimed of this study was to develop immediate release tablet of talinolol by solid dispersions technique using poloxamer 407 as a carrier. Poloxamer 407 is a hydrophilic synthetic block copolymer widely used as a solubility enhancer. Basically there are three methods used for solid dispersion. Melting or fusion method solvent evaporation method. Melting solvent method. Solvent Evaporation Method In this method a suitable solvent is selected which can capable of solubilizing both drug and hydrophilic carrier. The solvent evaporation technique is one of the most commonly used methods to prepare polymeric nanoparticles, more specifically drug-loaded polymeric systems, for pharmaceutical formulations. The prepared solid dispersions were evaluated for production yield percent, drug content, solubility, FTIR, and DSC study analysis. The prepared formulation of Talinolol with P407 in the ratio of 1:5 gave highest dissolution rate of 75.28% at 30min.So it can be concluded that the combination of solid dispersion technology as well as using superdisintergrants an encouraging and effective technique to prepare efficient fast dissolving tablets of Talinolol.The outcome of this investigation presents poloxamer 407 solid dispersion mediated fast dissolving tablets successfully resolve problem of slow rate of dissolution of talinolol.
Effect of Dietary Supplementation of L-Valine on Growth, Immunocompetence Traits, Carcass Quality and Meat Composition of Turkey Poults
Authors: Singh Vaibhav Kumar , Shukla Pankaj Kumar , Bhattacharyya Amitav , Vaswani Shalini , Yadav Brijesh , Sharma Ankit
Published: July 2023

Background: Valine is an important amino acid and its deficiency may result in reduced growth and immunity. However, studies in turkeys are limited. Hence a study was conducted to assess the effect of supplemental L-valine (L-val) on growth performance, immunocompetence traits, carcass quality and meat composition of turkey poults. Methods: Day old turkey poults (n= 96) were distributed into four dietary treatment groups:T1-basal diet, T2-T1+0.04% L-val, T3- T1+0.08% L-val , T4- T1+0.12% L-val, having three replicates of 8 birds each. Result: No significance difference observed in average weekly body weight (BW), body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of birds throughout experimental period except at 7th week where T2 and T3 poults had a significantly higher (P less than 0.05) BW, BWG and significantly better (P less than 0.05) FCR. HA titre was significantly higher (P less than 0.05) in T3. Per cent breast weight was significantly higher (P less than 0.05) in T3. Percent crude protein level in breast muscle of turkey poults was significantly higher (P less than 0.05) in T3. Thus, supplementation of L-val @ 0.08% in turkey poults resulted in significantly better humoral immune response, higher percent breast yield and higher percent crude protein in breast meat.
Investigation of the Impact of the Addition of Probiotic Mixtures AQUA CLEAR-S® as Food Supplement on Hematology Parameters and Intestinal Histology of Red Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.)
Authors: Aljarari Rabab Mohamed
Published: July 2023

Background: The use of antibiotics in fish feed have been globally restricted due to having its huge negative consequences, dietary prebiotics, probiotics, symbiotics, phytobiotics and other functional dietary supplements are thought to be alternative substitutes. The goal of the study was to determine the effects of adding probiotic mixtures AQUA CLEAR-S® as a feed additive on red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) intestinal histology and hematology parameters. Methods: The fish were given either the basic experimental nutrition (the control group) or one of three experimental diets that included the basic diet supplemented with 1, 2, or 3 g of AQUA CLEAR-S® for T1, T2 and, T3, respectively. The four experimental treatments were done in three replicates each. Twelve (50 × 40 × 60 cm) aquariums, each with ten fish (avg. wt. 6.00 g±0.17), were used. The studied parameters were basic hematological and immunological blood parameters, antioxidant activities and gut cytology. Result: Probiotic supplementation significantly improved the hematology parameters in red tilapia fingerlings after probiotic treatments. This trend was continued in the gut architecture. As a result, Oreochromis sp. had enhanced health when probiotics were incorporated into their diet. AQUA CLEAR-S®-treated fish also showed a noticeable change in their fish’s intestinal histology. The results of the study showed that consuming probiotics increased hematology parameters indicators and gut cytology of red tilapia.
Genetic Diversity Studies and Fusarium Wilt Screening in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Germplasm
Authors: Ram Hamsa , . Laxuman , Kenganal Mallikarjun , Muniswamy S. , Lokesh G.Y. , Samineni Srinivasan
Published: July 2023

Background: The genetic base of chickpea has narrowed substantially during the domestication process (Thudi et al., 2016). Therefore, increasing the genetic divergence of chickpea has been a major goal for breeders. The assessment of genetic diversity of chickpea germplasm can provide a valuable information to the breeder for parental selection strategies in plant breeding programs. Method: Two hundred and eighty chickpea germplasm including two checks (JG-11 and SA-1) were tested with an objective to explore the genetic divergence by using Mahalanobis D2 statistics. The field experiment was carried out during Rabi 2021-22 at Zonal Agricultural Research Station (ZARS), Kalaburagi. The magnitude of genetic divergence was studied using data obtained from five quantitative traits. Results: The 280 genotypes including checks were divided into seventeen clusters based on their D2 values. Out of seventeen clusters, cluster II (89 genotypes) was the largest followed by cluster I (83 genotypes), cluster III (31 genotypes), cluster VIII (29 genotypes), cluster VII (24 genotypes), cluster VII (15 genotypes). Same set of germplasm were also screened for fusarium wilt in wilt sick plot, 30 germplasm lines showed resistant (10.71%), 83 moderately resistant (29.64%), 44 moderately susceptible (15.71%), 31 susceptible (11.07%) and 92 highly susceptible reaction to fusarium wilt. Clusters XIV and XVI had extreme genetic distance and the germplasm lines in these cluster also showed moderate resistance to fusarium wilt.
Kimi sebzelerle üretilen set yoğurtların bazı özellikleri üzerine bir araştırma
Authors: UYSAL Prof. Dr. Harun Raşit , TEKYİĞİT Arca
Published: July 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, kontrol (K); kuru bakla (BK), kuru börülce (BRL), kereviz (KRVZ) ve enginar (EN) püreleri kullanılarak üretilen beş farklı set tipi yoğurdun bazı kimyasal ve mikrobiyolojik özellikleri incelenmiştir.
Materyal ve Yöntem: 5 farklı üretim olarak yürütülen çalışmada; enginar (EN), kuru bakla (BK), kuru börülce (BRL), kereviz (KRVZ) ve kontrol (K) grubu örneklerde depolamanın 1., 7., 14., 21. ve 28. günlerinde bazı kimyasal ve mikrobiyolojik analizler yapılmıştır.
Araştırma Bulguları: Analizlerden elde edilen bulgular ışığında püre haline getirilen sebze ilavesinin yoğurtlarda total fenolik bileşik miktarını arttırdığı görülmüş; protein miktarını, asitlik miktarını ve yoğurt bakterilerinin sayısını etkilediği belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Elde edilen bütün bulgular ışığında püre haline getirilen sebzelerin yoğurdun kimyasal ve mikrobiyolojik özelliklerini etkilediğini belirlenmiştir.