bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Archival Futures
Authors: Cox Richard J.
Published: January 2019

We are buried in documents, and more and more of these are digital. Concerns with the durability of digital documentation generate many fears about the future of archives. Despite the threats to this new documentary universe, this essay argues there are many potential futures for archives. In this transitional era from analog to digital, there is much to give us hope about the future for our documentary heritage. Given that documenting ourselves and our activities are essential aspects of our human nature, we can be sure that we will devise new ways of preserving our sources in a digital world. Archives will not disappear, nor will archivists, but they will be (have to be) different. Many of the current challenges are merely extensions of much older challenges, and history tells us that essential and varied archival materials will be preserved. However bleak they may sometimes see the future, archivists are needed now more than ever to engage with the issues related to an increasingly complicated documentary infrastructure. After all, we are not facing a documentary apocalypse, but just another challenging transitional era. And there are many reasons to be optimistic—generated from educating the next generation of archivists, successes in preserving records supported by a wide variety of technologies, and gaining new public support and understanding even if we need to be cautious as we peer into the future.
The Lighting Upgrade
Authors: Barone Elaine
Published: January 2019

This essay focuses on upgrading a historic house's lighting system by researching and locating light bulbs that are energy efficient and can reduce long-term damage to the building and its historic collections. First, it will discuss recent energy legislation. Then, the damage light can cause within the historic structure will be explored. Next, terminology and scientific equipment that is used to measure light will be covered. Following that, a number of environmentally-friendly light sources will be compared, noting advantages and disadvantages of each type. For historic homes that are open to the public, “comfortable” light levels for different age groups will be investigated while also examining possibilities for raising light levels and still maintaining the proper historic atmosphere. Finally, a case study will discuss how Edsel and Eleanor Ford House (Grosse Pointe Shores, Ml) utilized recommended methods of testing existing and potential new light sources.
Using Research on Preservation and Conservation in a Historic House
Authors: De Roo Tom
Published: January 2019

Historic houses are challenging environments for conservation and preservation of the often vulnerable collection objects contained within. Multidisciplinary scientific and expert research in the Museum Plantin-Moretus, UNESCO World Heritage since 2005, revealed its particular issues regarding airborne pollutants, climate factors (temperature and relative humidity), light, and presentation protocols that were all potentially damaging to the collection. Particular research on the displayed objects illustrated the negative effects of these issues. The combined research effort now serves as a “status of conservation” upon which future policy can be based. As a rational resource, it addresses overseeing governments’ wishes by making it possible to propose measures that are both effective and efficient. It also serves as a convincing justification for procedural and presentational change by museum personnel and management. Overall, it creates valuable goodwill among the various stakeholders of the museum, thereby going beyond the pure practical use.
The Importance of Being Human
Authors: Fox Heather
Published: January 2019

Libraries, Archives, and Museums (LAM) convergence has been a topic of discussion for nearly a decade, with a particular focus on harnessing technological know-how to create efficiencies around managing and providing access to collections cared for by these similar yet distinct professions. This case study examines the interaction amongst the University of Louisville (U of L) Art Library, U of L Archives, and the Speed Art Museum (Speed) as the three separate entities worked together to complete an IMLS-funded grant project focused on streamlining the Speed's library. Although the initial work centered on surveying and weeding the Speed's collection and creating electronic catalog records of the materials, shifts in the grant budget supported the hiring of a Project Archivist to transfer the Speed's institutional archives to the University of Louisville. This formal partnership developed from a history of informal collaboration, impelled by exigencies of impending construction to create a new museum space. The project improved access to Speed Library's collection, enhanced the U of L Art Library's collection and facilitated preservation of and provided access to the institutional records of the Speed Art Museum. In addition, conversations about LAM convergence tend to emphasize technology. This case study draws on the Collaboration Continuum introduced by Zorich, et al in a 2008 report on the topic and examines the power of interpersonal relationships, which ultimately proved to be the important drivers of this collaboration.
Charting a New Course
Authors: Jones Nathan C.
Published: January 2019

Curators in museums of all sizes are practicing their craft within a paradigm that in many ways seems at odds with the direction the museum field is headed. The future of the curatorial profession requires curators to shed stereotypes and loosen their grips on scholarly authority. This does not imply that curators should relinquish the roles of collecting, researching, and writing to someone who is not a subject matter expert—it simply means that a collaborative approach should be taken when developing collections and exhibitions. Front-end research, focus groups, social media, and interactives are great ways to gather ideas from visitors and can help explain what visitors know, what interests them, and what is relevant. Curators must redefine their function as subject matter experts and how they work on exhibit development teams. Lastly, in order to ensure the future of the profession, training, standards and best practices must change with the evolving nature of the craft.
Provenance: Not the Problem (The Solution)
Authors: Milosch Jane C.
Published: January 2019

In 2008, the Smithsonian expanded its commitment to World War ll-era provenance research on works of art. The Smithsonian Provenance Research Initiative (SPRI) was founded, as an institution-wide project, with the goal of enabling such research at all Smithsonian museums and in order to clarify questions concerning gaps in ownership history, transfer of ownership, and unlawful appropriation. The SPRI director matches provenance specialists with curators and collection managers; together they create proactive plans that are both realistic and long-term. Factors they consider in setting research priorities include existing collections, future acquisitions, publications, exhibition preparation, and incoming and outgoing loans. Currently the SPRI is focused on Asian art and decorative arts—emerging fields of study in WWII-era collecting.

Given the Smithsonian's mandate for broad service to the arts, SPRI also promotes provenance research beyond the Smithsonian's own museums and archives. Through scholarly exchange in the United States and Europe—symposia, publications, online resources, and training programs for established and emerging professionals—SPRI fosters partnerships with other institutions that speed up the work and often lead to new findings. SPRI shares its research findings as widely as possible to increase the public's access to collections.

Over the longer term, SPRI aims to expand beyond the WWII era, to assist with more current provenance issues, and to explore the implications of this research for art history and connoisseurship. We strive to anchor the museum in its core missions: stewardship, education, and appreciation of all cultures. Timely performance of research, and timely publication of results, can help strengthen confidence in the integrity of museums’ commitment to provenance projects as a core aspect of their cultural role. It will also engage interest in the art works themselves through the new stories the research reveals. This can only benefit institutions that rely greatly on the patronage and financial support of the public.
Navigating the Gray Area
Authors: Herbert Catherine
Published: January 2019

In 2004 the Philadelphia Museum of Art (PMA) was contacted by the Holocaust Claims Processing Office (HCPO) regarding a potential claim for a painting by Max Pechstein in the PMA's collection from the heirs of an important German Jewish collector, Ismar Littmann. In researching this artwork, the PMA confronted a situation involving conflicting lines of provenance: notes on the painting's history made by its former owner, Margot Simenauer Behrendt, who received the painting from her father Felix Simenauer, seemed to be contradicted by the date of a typescript inventory entry from the Littmann collection provided by the HCPO. It was unclear whether the conflict arose because the documentation or the Museum's interpretation of it was at fault or whether sufficient documentation was simply lacking. After exhausting all available avenues of research, the PMA had to reach a determination the Museum believed was just and fair to all parties in the face of ambiguous and even contradictory evidence.
Collecting a Spacesuit in the 21st Century
Authors: Lewis Cathleen S.
Published: January 2019

In 1972, the Smithsonian Institution's National Air and Space Museum arranged to take possession of the remnants of the spacesuits that Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin, and Michael Collins had worn during the 1969 Apollo 11 mission that landed the first humans on the moon. NASA had put aside these spacesuits and the components that the astronauts had returned to Earth for the express purpose of display to re-create the iconic images of the mission. For many years, the Air and Space Museum had complied with these intentions, but over the years, the deterioration of the suits and their materials led to a reconsideration of the rationale for collecting and displaying the suits. The new approach led to a revised collecting strategy that placed greater emphasis on the suits’ point of creation and the negotiations that had occurred among those who built, designed, and wore the suits.

The twenty-first century has marked another shift in collecting spacesuits. NASA has initiated this shift through modifications in the construction, design, us, and disposal of spacesuits. New, modular spacesuits intended for reuse throughout the calculated life of their materials, do not lend themselves to iconic display; neither do they completely reveal the history of their points of creation and innovation because many components are missing, and few of the components were built at the same point in planning as the others. NASA's shift has caused the Air and Space Museum to reconsider a generation's expectations of collecting and exhibiting. Now the museum must focus on which particular stories we can and cannot tell with only a small part of the whole.
Preserving and Accessing the Howard D. Beach Photography Studio Glass Plate Negative Collection
Authors: Conides Cynthia A.
Published: January 2019

In 2011, the Buffalo & Erie County Historical Society (now The Buffalo History Museum), acquired a significant but environmentally challenged collection of dry gelatin glass-plate negatives from the former Howard D. Beach Photography Studio, located in downtown Buffalo, NY. Numbering over 57,000 individual plates of varying sizes, the collection comes from the last extant commercial portrait studio that operated during Buffalo's golden era (1880–1950). In a career that spanned nearly 70 years, Beach held an international reputation as a portrait artist and made significant contributions to the field of photography, including the invention of soft-focus portrait lenses that are still in use today. Yet, his work remains relatively unknown. The glass plates were stored in less than ideal conditions for nearly eighty years. The cost and time involved for staffing, cleaning, re-housing, and storing a collection of this size poses a significant challenge to a museum with limited personnel and resources, yet wishing to preserve and present an extensive though significant historical collection relevant to the community and to the institution's mission. Presented is a brief history of the studio, and current efforts to salvage this collection. It outlines strategies for preservation and highlights the advantages of collaboration with an institution of higher education in this effort.
Growing FLORES for the Museum
Authors: Wood Elizabeth (Elee) , Zemanek Alysha , Weiss Laura , Carron Christian G.
Published: January 2019

The Children's Museum of Indianapolis, founded in 1925, is one of few children's museums with a substantial collection. The changing needs of family audiences, and the museum's shift in direction toward a family learning mission, began to raise several questions for the collections and curatorial staff regarding the selection of objects that would hold the greatest potential for use with family audiences. The questions led to the development of the Family Learning Object Rating and Evaluation System (FLORES). This case study describes the development of the rating instrument and strategies the team took to fine-tune its use through input from curators and museum visitor preferences. By drawing on inherent object qualities as well as visitor preferences, museums can find ways to better understand the visitor-object relationship and in turn move toward more intentional selection and inclusion of objects in exhibition planning.
Heritage of the Markham Car Collection
Authors: Joseph Pauline
Published: January 2019

The Markham car collection heritage was entrusted with the Western Australian Museum in 1969. Subsequent events caused estrangement between the state's motoring community and the Museum, and forty-seven years later still engender anger in motoring enthusiasts in Western Australia. Recollections of what actually happened are inconsistent; this paper investigates what happened and what went wrong. A qualitative research approach using interviews, archival records, car club magazines, and newspaper clippings was employed. The interviews were conducted with selected representatives from the motoring community and the Markham brothers. The paper concludes with discussion on the lessons learnt from this controversial incident for the Markham family, motoring community, and cultural institutions. Questions about trust and ethics with sellers, donors, and depositors, including the role of cultural institutions as custodians of national heritage, are posed.
Inviting Engagement, Supporting Success
Authors: Ferriter Meghan
Published: January 2019

This article lists and examines the practical considerations and proven approaches for managing a participatory project focusing on transcription of digitized materials and engagement with the public. Using the Smithsonian Transcription Center as a case study, this article offers tested techniques to prepare for transcription, training and resources, appealing to volunteers with specific communication tactics, and tracking challenges. In addition, this article addresses the ways in which volunteers serve important roles as peers in this crowdsourcing effort and thus serve as “volunpeers” or volunteers/peers where communication between all participants is grounded in trust and collaboration. Throughout the article, where possible, suggestions for scaling based on resources, materials, objectives, and time scales are included.
Transcribing Handwritten Letters and Diaries from the Archives of American Art
Authors: Savig Mary
Published: January 2019

The Smithsonian's Archives of American Art holds in its collections millions of handwritten documents. Curatorial projects bring focus to the personal and historically significant qualities of these resources. This article provides an overview of two recent projects organized by the Archives of American Art: the publication Pen to Paper. Artists’ Handwritten Letters from the Smithsonian's Archives of American Art (Princeton Architectural Press, 2016) and the 2014–2015 exhibition A Day in the Life: Artists’ Diaries from the Archives of American Art. With the Transcription Center as an entry point, the Archives expanded its presentations of primary sources to online audiences. The article discusses the primary goals of our transcription projects, specifically, enhanced interaction between people and our collections. The article also considers strategies of online communication and analysis of the projects’ outcomes.
Making History with Crowdsourcing
Authors: Kapsalis Effie
Published: January 2019

With limited staff resources, the Smithsonian Institution Archives (SIA) in the early 2000s embarked on a new process to reveal the stories, people, and places embedded in their collections that document the history of the Smithsonian. This article looks at the earliest initiatives of publishing item-level digital collections that set the stage for hidden stories to rise to the surface through the public's engagement with materials in the Transcription Center. Such forms of engagement have included transcribing the SIA field books, following the SIA on various social media channels, and demonstrating interest in the “Women in Science Wednesday” campaign—all of which have enabled us to carry our message to new audiences and to enrich the information we had about our collections, something that would not have been possible with the SIA's small staff.
Mutual Belonging as a Collecting Criterion
Authors: Tyson Janet Stiles
Published: January 2019

This article analyzes the development of a collection of African American art at the Muskegon Museum of Art in terms of a relationship of mutual belonging with the city's African American public. When the museum opened as the Hackley Art Gallery in 1912, the city's population was more than 99% European American. Lack of an African American public and lack of cultural discourse that encouraged representation of diversity meant that even the one significant African American artwork owned by the museum was not displayed as relevant to African Americans. Today, Muskegon's population is approximately 58% European American, or white, and 32% African American. The museum now collects and displays African American art as relevant not only to African Americans but also to all of its public. But this shift in collection management occurred only after an important member of the African American community held the museum accountable to that community.
Paradoxes of Belonging in Peru's National Museums
Authors: Femenías Blenda
Published: January 2019

This article examines the establishment of Peru's national museums in the first half of the 20th century. I address the ways that art, archaeology, and anthropology intertwined in the collection of objects and the creation of buildings in which to house them. In addressing commemorative events, especially the Centennial of Independence, I argue that the performative practices of memory building depended on the creation of an idea of unity that, paradoxically, emphasized differences attributed largely to race and origin. Thus, the state's efforts to hegemonize the past by appropriating Inca and earlier pre-Columbian cultures as Peruvian were both supported and challenged by elite vanguard artists and intellectuals who shaped the new national museums along with the concept of patrimony. In particular, I focus on the National Museum of Popular Culture, addressing the seminal role of artist José Sabogal and his circle, within the broader contexts of Peruvian and Latin American indigenismo.
The Museum of Conflict
Authors: Rajendran Anushka
Published: January 2019

Conflictorium: The Museum of Conflict was established in Mirzapur, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, in 2013, as a small community museum in the western part of India committed to its local context. The area has a history of ongoing communal tensions between the various communities that coexist within it, and the museum directly responds to the demands generated by this particularity. The exhibits at the museum consist of a collection of participative/immersive contexts that accumulate narratives of the experiences and memories of its visitors, thereby working through the trauma embedded in the everyday. By identifying as a museum, the space routes the validation that being part of a museum collection forges to acknowledge the legitimacy of the contemporary history of its community, thereby lending them a sense of belonging. This sensitivity to the audience that the museum addresses is particularly unique in India, where state-funded museums have historically had limited active engagement with their viewing publics. This article contextualizes the Conflictorium's presence as an alternative museum model in the country's social and political context as well as the existing network of public, private, and community museums.
Preservation First?: Re-Viewing Film Digitization
Authors: Tilton Lauren
Published: January 2019

This article addresses the politics of film digitization by arguing that we should reconsider archival and preservation “best practices” that require film restoration. Instead, it advocates for digitizing films “as is,” which, in turn, captures the film's current materiality (i.e., fading, scratches, and other facets that reveal age, wear, and use). Using the work of Luis Vale, one of the youth filmmakers from New York City's Lower East Side's Young Filmmaker Foundation's Film Club, as a case study, the article points to the importance of archiving and saving these youth films as part of a growing movement to look beyond Hollywood cultural production and preserving national moving image heritage. More broadly, this article highlights how archiving practices determine which histories are remembered and how.
Examining Local History through Postcards: A Model for Interactive, Inquiry-Based Pedagogy
Authors: Failing Brian J.
Published: January 2019

Postcards offer a wealth of information for researchers, teachers and students, and the public. This article documents how postcards can serve as an important form of historical evidence. Further, the article argues that digitizing postcards and making them accessible to wider audiences may yield an opportunity for community engagement with local history and local institutions that may, in turn, help to make local history relevant to teachers’ needs in the 21st-century classroom. In addition to discussing broad information about postcards and their use, the article introduces a digital project, Using Postcards as Historical Evidence, that seeks to highlight the importance and viability of postcards as documentary evidence and appropriate sources for interactive, inquiry-based pedagogy.
From Bookshelves to the City Streets: Church Histories and the Mapping of Chicago's Religious Diversity
Authors: Cantwell Christopher D.
Published: January 2019

In 2013 the Dr. William M. Scholl Center for American History and Culture at the Newberry Library in Chicago undertook an initiative to expand the use of its collection of church and synagogue records through a new digital project titled Faith in the City: Chicago's Religious Diversity in the Era of the World's Fair. Though recent scholarship in the study of religion has highlighted the importance of such documents in understanding the contours of American religious life, the collection's origins as a genealogical resource have long shaped its use. By locating curated portions of the library's church histories on a digital map of the city alongside nearly two dozen essays on Chicago's religious history, Faith in the City aims to publicize the collection to new communities of users while also enhancing how local and family historians engage with the material. The following case study provides an overview of Faith in the City's development, the interventions it hopes to make, as well as challenges the platform faced. It concludes by briefly considering the potential of map-based presentations of cultural heritage collections.
Using Oral Histories at the National WWII Museum
Authors: Huxen Keith
Published: January 2019

This article examines the development of the oral history collection at the National WWII Museum and how that collection is used in the permanent exhibits and other programming to support the museum's mission to tell the American story of why the war was fought, how it was won, and what it means today. It details the collection's beginnings under the late Dr. Stephen Ambrose, challenges in the collecting process, and policies and processes that the Research Department of the museum uses today to expand the collection (now holding more than 9,000 personal accounts). The article also discusses use of these oral histories as the museum seeks to add value to its oral history collection through online publishing, inclusion in permanent exhibits, and their use as support in future initiatives and other programming.
Digital Storytelling for Heritage across Media
Authors: Underberg-Goode Natalie
Published: January 2019

This article presents insights from digital heritage and digital storytelling scholarship and practice to address the question, “How can heritage materials be presented online or through other digital formats in a useful and engaging way?” Specifically, the article focuses on opening up a dialogue between archivists/museum curators, heritage professionals and scholars, and digital media specialists in the following key areas: the affordances and constraints in developing digital storytelling projects within and across platforms, digital storytelling tips for heritage experts, knowledge of the digital media production process as an aid in the development of digital storytelling projects for archives/museums, and digital storytelling practices, tools, and tips in the areas of digital video, Internet-based storytelling, and mobile augmented-reality storytelling. The article provides examples from the author's own work and teaching along with examples of other projects—both those directed by the author and those developed by others—that illustrate these ideas at work.
This Sense of Place/ this Living Archive: Cocreative Digitization and First Nations Peoples Remembering
Authors: Ridgeway Benjamin , Guntarik Olivia
Published: January 2019

In 2016, we organized digital storytelling workshops with First Nations1 participants in Melbourne (Australia) to cocreatively “map” sites of historical significance through locative technologies. These digital memory maps allowed participants to share their oral stories about their relationships to different places with broader audiences through a cultural walking trail mobile app from both their individual and their collective perspectives. Functioning much like a museum tour guide in an outdoor setting, we named this app “Memory-scapes,” as it would feature First Nations people's memories of different places, allowing interested members of the public (tourists, students, and educators) to listen to and watch the digital stories as they physically walked the trail. We found that a cocreative archival framework for digitizing these oral histories supported our work with community. Through this project, we illustrate how First Nations people's knowledges are populating the archive in forms that place the control of content back in their hands. These community-driven archives reveal how new archival practices are shifting the media landscape of representational possibilities. While calling attention to the politics of representing place, we also question the emancipatory potential of digital technologies for First Nations people.
The “Intimidating” Archives: Teaching Graduate Students Historical Research Methods
Authors: Note Margot
Published: January 2019

This article discusses approaches I used to teach “Research Methods,” an archival-based course for a history graduate program at a small college. The instruction included baseline research strategies for students new to the humanities as well as advanced methodologies for experienced researchers, with attention given to archival research techniques. Most professional literature focuses on teaching archival literacy aimed at K-12 students or undergraduates; this article explores the distinct research and instruction needs of graduate students. It examines how graduate students perceive the research process, what difficulties they encounter while conducting research, and what impact attending the course could have on their long-term research procedures. While teaching the course, I discovered that students viewed archives as intimidating. By acknowledging that new users can feel daunted by researching archival collections, instructors and archivists can consider how to make the archives more welcoming to first-time visitors.
dPanther: Benefits and Challenges of Building and Managing Your Own Digital Repository
Authors: Bakker Rebecca , Rowan Kelley
Published: January 2019

This article addresses the benefits and challenges associated with building your own digital repository platform and managing content, technical hurdles, and partners. The authors discuss the advantages of building a repository that can evolve as standards in the field do and how to handle the problems that arise when you are both the metadata manager and technical support. The authors also discuss difficulties their partners have experienced with the platform and lessons learned. It is the hope that this information will provide those who may be either managing a digital repository or considering a new digital platform, relevant information that will prove to be helpful in the decision-making process.
Open Versus Arthroscopic Repair of 1B Ulnar-Sided Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex Tears: A Systematic Review
Authors: Robba Vanessa , Fowler Andrew , Karantana Alexia , Grindlay Douglas , Lindau Tommy
Published: January 2019

Background: Peripheral 1B tears of the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) can result in distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) instability. In the context of associated DRUJ instability, combined evidence supports successful outcomes for peripheral tear repair. Methods: The aim of this systematic review (SR) was to compare the surgical treatment of 1B TFCC tears via arthroscopic versus open methods of repair. The primary outcome measure was restored DRUJ stability. The secondary outcome measures included patient-reported outcomes and clinical outcome measures. An electronic database search of Ovid Embase, PubMed, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials was performed to cover a 20-year period. Two authors independently screened records for eligibility and extracted data. Results: Only 3 studies met the strict inclusion criteria, highlighting the poor evidence base for TFCC 1B repairs. Hence, a “secondary analysis” group was developed with modified inclusion criteria which included a further 7 studies for analysis. Pooled data from the primary and secondary analysis groups demonstrated that postoperative DRUJ stability was achieved following open repair in 84% (76/90) of cases and following arthroscopic repair in 86% (129/150) of cases. Conclusions: This SR demonstrates a current lack of high-quality evidence required to draw firm conclusions on the merits of arthroscopic versus open repair of 1B TFCC tears. There is no scientific evidence to suggest superiority of one technique over the other, albeit some surgeons and authors may express a strong personal view.
Smartphones at Work: A Qualitative Exploration of Psychological Antecedents and Impacts of Work-Related Smartphone Dependency
Authors: Li Li , Lin Trisha T. C.
Published: January 2019

This study explores the impacts and psychological antecedents of smartphone dependency at work. Analyzing semistructured interviews with 32 full-time employees in China, the findings show that dependence on smartphones at work seems to increase workers’ perceived job performance and workplace social capital. However, in the negative side, it seems to lead to the emergence of smartphone addiction symptoms such as anxiety and uncontrollable usage behavior. Notably, this study uncovers that, although smartphone dependency at work seems to enhance workers’ job performance, once such dependency turned to addiction, they perceived their performance to diminish. Besides, the findings show that conscientious employees and those with high smartphone self-efficacy are more likely to develop dependence on their smartphones at work. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Asymmetric network information cache based on mobile traffic in software-defined network
Authors: Hu Liang , Hu Jiejun , Fu Tao , Bao Jiyang , Wang Feng
Published: January 2019

Software-defined network is an encouraging research area that realizes updates throughout an entire network, and a wireless network is ubiquitous in an up-to-date world. The combination of these techniques, which is referred to as a wireless software-defined network, has been a significant development in numerous testbeds. The extensive use of distributed controllers that achieved elastic extension and are fault tolerant in large-scale wireless networks is hopeful. Despite their profits, they generate significant overhead in synchronizing network information. Thus, power-hungry wireless software-defined network devices limit the usage of distributed controllers in wireless networks. The patterns of storing network information have a crucial effect on controller performances, as they determine the probability of processing requests based on local data. To address this problem, we identify a better pattern for controllers to retain proper network information to balance costs in terms of both synchronous traffic and response time. We analyze the characteristics of distributed controllers and propose an overhead model of a distributed controller in a wireless software-defined network. Based on this model, we design an asymmetric network information cache to make trade-offs among different controller architectures. The asymmetric network information cache measures real-time network traffic and computes the traffic among sub-networks controlled by controller nodes. Then, the controller asymmetrically caches suitable network data to substantially busier nodes. The experimental results indicate that the asymmetric network information cache achieves a trade-off between synchronous traffic and the average response time.
Dynamic model analysis of hydraulic support
Authors: Guan Enguang , Miao Huihua , Li Peibo , Liu Jihao , Zhao Yanzheng
Published: January 2019

In view of the shortcomings of traditional hydraulic support system, such as poor mobility and limited range of adjustment, a new configuration with double parallelogram structure is proposed. Combining the kinematic diagram of the mechanism of the new support system and the relevant parameters of the balance moment, using the kinematic vector closed-loop modeling method and D’Alembert’s principle, the relationship equation between the generalized coordinates of the hydraulic support and the geometric position parameters is obtained, and the analysis model with plural-freedom is established. Dynamic response characteristics and natural frequencies of column hydraulic cylinder and balance hydraulic cylinder are analyzed. The results demonstrate that the natural frequencies of the improved balance hydraulic cylinder and column hydraulic cylinder have been greatly improved, and the safety performance of the hydraulic support has been greatly increased.
Risk evaluation method for highway roadside accidents
Authors: Cheng Guozhu , Cheng Rui , Zhang Sulu , Sun Xiaoduan
Published: January 2019

In order to strengthen the safety of highway roadsides, it is necessary to take targeted measures according to the roadside hazards, so there is an urgent need to develop research on risk evaluation of highway roadside accidents. Based on accident simulation analysis and the form of accident after vehicles run to the roadside, the rollover risk of roadside accident is classed into four grades, namely, no departure from the ground, slight departure from the ground, one or two turnovers, and more than two turnovers. The factors involved in the causes of roadside accidents of different rollover risks are studied, and the thresholds of driving speed, sideslope gradient, and sideslope height are given. A Bayesian network for risk evaluation of roadside accidents is constructed. Based on the factor thresholds for the causes of roadside accidents, the calculation methods of the probability of different rollover risks of roadside accidents are carried out according to a single factor, two factors, and three factors. The typical cases of roadside accidents are analyzed and the calculation results of the Bayesian network show that the probability of one or two turnover accidents is 0.939, which is consistent with the results of roadside accident simulation tests, proving the accuracy of the risk evaluation methods for highway roadside accidents.
Numerical analysis of T-groove dry gas seal with orientation texture at the groove bottom
Authors: Yan Wang , Qiong Hu , Jianjun Sun , Da Wang , Xiaoqing Zheng
Published: January 2019

The influences of groove bottom texture, in the form of orientation structure with various width, depth, spacing, and different operation parameters, on orientation effect have been investigated by numerical analysis. The results show that the existence of texture and the change of direction have strong impacts on the orientation effect, and opening force and leakage increase due to the effect. The increment in the opening force and leakage is more remarkable when film thickness is small and the shaft speed or medium pressure is high. The orientation texture makes the performance of dry gas seal more stable, which is more significant for extreme working conditions. An optimal texture model was built and an efficient and cost-saving method of laser surface processing for the orientation texture was put forward.
Analysis of female novice extroversion driver’s eye movement characteristics under anxiety
Authors: Liu Fei-fei , Wang Xiao-yuan , Liu Ya-qi , Xia Yuan-yuan , Han Jun-yan , Liu Shi-jie
Published: January 2019

Anxiety is a common emotion of driver, which always affects the safety of driving. Eye movement characteristics can be used to understand the true emotion state of human beings. It is of great significance to study the law of eye movement for realizing active vehicle safety warning and human–machine cooperation. In this article, anxiety-induction experiment, real-vehicle driving experiments, and virtual driving experiments were designed and used to obtain the eye movement data of female novice extroversion driver under calm and anxiety, and mathematical statistics analysis was made on the fixation count, fixation duration, and visit duration in the area of interest within the driver horizon. The results showed that there are significant differences in fixation count and fixation duration of drivers ([Formula: see text], p is the accompanying probability), and the main effect of emotion is significant [Formula: see text].Compared with the situation of calm, fixation area, fixation count, and fixation duration of drivers under anxiety were more focused on the middle area, the fixation count and visit duration on the left area were relatively more, the fixation duration on the right area was relatively longer, and anxiety was more likely to cause driver’s attention bias.
Targeting liver cancer stem cells for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Li Na , Zhu Ying
Published: January 2019

Liver cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors and prognosis remains poor. It has been increasingly recognized that liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) are responsible for the carcinogenesis, recurrence, metastasis and chemoresistance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Targeting LCSCs is promising to be a new direction for the treatment of HCC. Herein, we summarize the potentially therapeutic targets in LCSCs at the level of genes, molecules and cells, such as knockout of oncogenes or oncoproteins, restoring the silent tumor suppressor genes, inhibition of the transcription factors and regulation of noncoding RNAs (including microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs) in LCSCs at the genetic level; inhibition of markers and blockade of the key signaling pathways of LCSCs at the molecular level; and inhibiting autophagy and application of oncolytic adenoviruses in LCSCs at the cellular level. Moreover, we analyze the potential targets in LCSCs to eliminate chemoresistance of HCC. Thereinto, the suppression of autophagy and Nanog by chloroquine and shRNA respectively may be the most promising targeting approaches. These targets may provide novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of HCC by targeting LCSCs.
Thrombolysis in Acute Stroke Due to Thrombosed Aneurysm
Authors: Lun Rongzhi (Ronda) , Cora Elana Adela , Iancu Dana , Graveline Justin , Figurado Priya , Shamy Michel
Published: January 2019

We describe a case of a patient who presented with an acute stroke and thrombosed aneurysm of the same vessel. We review the literature on acute stroke management in the setting of an ischemic stroke caused by a thrombosed aneurysm, including intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy. We found that it is unclear whether thrombolysis is safe in these cases. Future case series may be helpful in answering the question.
Malignant lymphoma of the bladder with bilateral hydronephrosis
Authors: Kawaguchi Yoshihiro , Kimura Shoichi , Momozono Kosuke , Igawa Tsukasa , Noguchi Masanori
Published: January 2019

Lymphoma of the urinary bladder is uncommon, and upper urinary tract obstruction due to lymphoma is rare. Herein, we report a case of malignant lymphoma of the bladder with bilateral hydronephrosis in a 67-year-old female who presented with oliguria. Ultrasonography and computed tomography demonstrated a thickened posterior bladder wall and bilateral hydronephrosis. Whole-body positron emission tomography–computed tomography revealed abnormal accumulation in the right iliac internal lymph nodes. Trans-urethral bladder biopsy led to a histopathological diagnosis of non-Hodgkin diffuse large B-cell malignant lymphoma of the bladder. After bilateral nephrostomy, the patient was treated with six cycles of combination chemotherapy including rituximab, cyclophosphamide, daunorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (R-CHOP) and two cycles of rituximab alone. Complete remission was maintained during the 3 years of follow-up.
Network fields, cultural identities and labor rights communities: Big data analytics with topic model and community detection
Authors: Huang Ronggui
Published: January 2019

The Weibo platform is a social space for interaction and expression. This requires scholars to examine, in a simultaneous fashion, communication patterns and the communicated content among Weibo users. Based on theories of ‘network and culture’ and relational sociology, this article contends that network fields and the communicated cultural meanings are mutually constituted. A latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) topic model and social network analysis techniques were used to examine 51,288 Weibo posts published by users concerned for workers revealing the relationship between community structures and communities’ focal topics. Specifically, the result of LDA topic modeling shows that the focal topics regarding labor issues could be categorized into four groups: workers’ culture (art and entertainment) and welfare; predicaments and problems; strikes (rights defending actions) and labor organizations; and institutions and labor rights. Analysis of interaction patterns among users resulted in the identification of five major online communities which, based on the primary communicated topics within communities, were labeled as the Labor Homeland Community; Labor Culture Community; Labor Rights Protection Community; Labor Interest Concerned Community; and Labor Institution Concerned Community. The results also showed two new trends in relation to labor issues: first, workers’ culture and their integration into urban life have garnered increasing online attention with the growth of new generation workers; and second, the Weibo platform provides an interaction channel for labor researchers and labor non-governmental organizations, and such interaction facilitates the latter to critically reflect the current conditions or plights of workers from an institutional/structural perspective. This article concludes with a discussion about the significance of utilizing big data analytics to study online culture and social mentality.
Expressive Writing and Well-Being in Chinese Emerging Adults: Is Emotion Regulation an Underlying Mechanism?
Authors: Cheung Rebecca Y. M. , Chung Hei Shun , Ng Melody C. Y.
Published: January 2019

The present research examined the effects of expressive writing on emotion regulation and well-being outcomes among Hong Kong Chinese emerging adults between 18 and 25 years of age. A total of 126 Chinese emerging adults were recruited and randomly assigned to one of the following three conditions including expressive writing, regular writing, and nil writing for 3 consecutive days. Follow-up sessions were conducted 1 day and 1 month after the completion of all writing sessions. Mixed measures analysis of variance indicated group differences in cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression, life satisfaction, and general health over time. Participants from the expressive writing group reported greater improvements in these measures at the 1-month follow-up than did their regular and nil writing counterparts. Follow-up mediation analysis suggested that cognitive reappraisal mediated between expressive writing and outcomes including life satisfaction and general health. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.