bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Constructing a Regional Ionospheric TEC Model in China with Empirical Orthogonal Function and Dense GNSS Observation
Authors: Xiong Bo , Li Yuxiao , Yu Changhao , Li Xiaolin , Li Jianyong , Zhao Biqiang , Ding Feng , Hu Lianhuan , Wang Yuxin , Du Lingxiao
Published: November 2023

Using Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) observation data for developing a high-precision ionospheric Total Electron Content (TEC) model is one of the essential subjects in ionospheric physics research and the application of satellite navigation correction. In this study, we integrate the Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) method with the TEC data provided by the Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE), and observed by the dense GNSS receivers operated by the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC) to construct a regional ionospheric TEC model over China. The EOF analysis of CODE TEC in China from 1998 to 2010 shows that the first-order EOF component accounts for 90.3813% of the total variation of the ionospheric TEC in China. Meanwhile, the average value of CODE TEC is consistent with the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the first-order EOF base function, which mainly reflects the latitude and diurnal variations of TEC in China. The first-order coefficient after EOF decomposition shows an obvious 11-year period and semi-annual variations. The maximum amplitude of semi-annual variation mainly appears in March and October, which is closely associated with the variation in geographical longitude, the semi-annual change of the low-latitude electric field, and the ionospheric fountain effect. The second-order coefficient has an evident annual variation, the minimum amplitude mainly occurs in March, August, and September, and the amplitude values in the high solar activity years are more significant than those in the low solar activity years. The third-order coefficient mainly shows the characteristics of annual variation, and the fourth-order coefficient shows the noticeable semi-annual and annual variations. The third and fourth-order coefficients are both modulated by the solar activity index F10.7. The ionospheric TEC model in China, driven by CMONOC real-time GNSS observation data, can better reflect the latitude, local time and seasonal variation characteristics of ionospheric TEC over China. In particular, it can clearly show the spring and autumn asymmetry of ionospheric TEC in the low latitudes. The root mean square error of the absolute error between the model and the actual observation is mainly distributed around 2.45 TECU (1 TECU = 1016 electrons/m2). The values of the TEC model constructed in this study are closer to the actual observed values than those of the CODE TEC in China.
A Spatiotemporal Fusion Model of Land Surface Temperature Based on Pixel Long Time-Series Regression: Expanding Inputs for Efficient Generation of Robust Fused Results
Authors: Chen Shize , Zhang Linlin , Hu Xinli , Meng Qingyan , Qian Jiangkang , Gao Jianfeng
Published: November 2023

Spatiotemporal fusion technology effectively improves the spatial and temporal resolution of remote sensing data by fusing data from different sources. Based on the strong time-series correlation of pixels at different scales (average Pearson correlation coefficients > 0.95), a new long time-series spatiotemporal fusion model (LOTSFM) is proposed for land surface temperature data. The model is distinguished by the following attributes: it employs an extended input framework to sidestep selection biases and enhance result stability while also integrating Julian Day for estimating sensor difference term variations at each pixel location. From 2013 to 2022, 79 pairs of Landsat8/9 and MODIS images were collected as extended inputs. Multiple rounds of cross-validation were conducted in Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou with an all-round performance assessment (APA), and the average root-mean-square error (RMSE) was 1.60 °C, 2.16 °C and 1.71 °C, respectively, which proved the regional versatility of LOTSFM. The validity of the sensor difference estimation based on Julian days was verified, and the RMSE accuracy significantly improved (p < 0.05). The accuracy and time consumption of five different fusion models were compared, which proved that LOTSFM has stable accuracy performance and a fast fusion process. Therefore, LOTSFM can provide higher spatiotemporal resolution (30 m) land surface temperature research data for the evolution of urban thermal environments and has great application potential in monitoring anthropogenic heat pollution and extreme thermal phenomena.
A Universal Digital Lock-in Amplifier Design for Calibrating the Photo-Detector Responses with Standard Black-Bodies
Authors: Yao Zheyi , Pan Jingpeng , Yu Chang , Yuan Zhewen , Chen Qian , Sui Xiubao
Published: November 2023

The lock-in amplifier (LIA) is widely utilized to detect ultra-weak optical periodic signals based on the phase-sensitive and enhanced detecting theory. In this paper, we present an all-digital and universal embedded LIA platform that accurately and conveniently describes the spectrum generated by standard black bodies at various temperatures with different optical detectors. The proposed design significantly reduces the complexity and cost of traditional analog LIAs while maintaining accuracy. The LIA components are implemented using a single field programmable gate array (FPGA), offering flexibility to modify parameters for different situations. The normalized mean-square error (NMSE) of the captured spectra in the experiments is within 0.9% compared the theoretical values.
LagunAR: A City-Scale Mobile Outdoor Augmented Reality Application for Heritage Dissemination
Authors: Sánchez Berriel Isabel , Pérez Nava Fernando , Albertos Pablo Torres
Published: November 2023

In this paper, we introduce LagunAR, a mobile outdoor Augmented Reality (AR) application for providing heritage information and 3D visualization on a city scale. The LagunAR application was developed to provide historical information about the city of La Laguna in the XVI century, when it was the main city in the Canary Islands. The application provides a reconstructed 3D model of the city at that time that is shown on a mobile phone over-imposed on the actual city using geolocation. The geolocated position is used also for providing information of several points of interest in the city. The paper describes the design and implementation of the application and details the optimization techniques that have been used to manage the full information of the city using a mobile phone as a sensor and visualization tool. We explain the application usability study carried out using a heuristic test; in addition it is probed by users in a qualitative user test developed as preliminary research. Results show that it is possible to develop a real-time application that shows the user a city-scale 3D model and also manages the information of the points of interest.
A Light Vehicle License-Plate-Recognition System Based on Hybrid Edge–Cloud Computing
Authors: Leng Jiancai , Chen Xinyi , Zhao Jinzhao , Wang Chongfeng , Zhu Jianqun , Yan Yihao , Zhao Jiaqi , Shi Weiyou , Zhu Zhaoxin , Jiang Xiuquan , Lou Yitai , Feng Chao , Yang Qingbo , Xu Fangzhou
Published: November 2023

With the world moving towards low-carbon and environmentally friendly development, the rapid growth of new-energy vehicles is evident. The utilization of deep-learning-based license-plate-recognition (LPR) algorithms has become widespread. However, existing LPR systems have difficulty achieving timely, effective, and energy-saving recognition due to their inherent limitations such as high latency and energy consumption. An innovative Edge–LPR system that leverages edge computing and lightweight network models is proposed in this paper. With the help of this technology, the excessive reliance on the computational capacity and the uneven implementation of resources of cloud computing can be successfully mitigated. The system is specifically a simple LPR. Channel pruning was used to reconstruct the backbone layer, reduce the network model parameters, and effectively reduce the GPU resource consumption. By utilizing the computing resources of the Intel second-generation computing stick, the network models were deployed on edge gateways to detect license plates directly. The reliability and effectiveness of the Edge–LPR system were validated through the experimental analysis of the CCPD standard dataset and real-time monitoring dataset from charging stations. The experimental results from the CCPD common dataset demonstrated that the network’s total number of parameters was only 0.606 MB, with an impressive accuracy rate of 97%.
Multi-Parameter Optimization of Rubidium Laser Optically Pumped Magnetometers with Geomagnetic Field Intensity
Authors: Xu Kun , Ren Xiuyan , Xiang Yujie , Zhang Mingxu , Zhao Xiang , Ma Kexin , Tian Yaqi , Wu Dan , Zeng Ziqiang , Wang Guobao
Published: November 2023

Rubidium laser optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) are widely used magnetic sensors based on the Zeeman effect, laser pumping, and magnetic resonance principles. They measure the magnetic field by measuring the magnetic resonance signal passing through a rubidium atomic gas cell. The quality of the magnetic resonance signal is a necessary condition for a magnetometer to achieve high sensitivity. In this research, to obtain the best magnetic resonance signal of rubidium laser OPMs in the Earth’s magnetic field intensity, the experiment system of rubidium laser OPMs is built with a rubidium atomic gas cell as the core component. The linewidth and amplitude ratio (LAR) of magnetic resonance signals is utilized as the optimization objective function. The magnetic resonance signals of the magnetometer experiment system are experimentally measured for different laser frequencies, radio frequency (RF) intensities, laser powers, and atomic gas cell temperatures in a background magnetic field of 50,765 nT. The experimental results indicate that optimizing these parameters can reduce the LAR by one order of magnitude. This shows that the optimal parameter combination can effectively improve the sensitivity of the magnetometer. The sensitivity defined using the noise spectral density measured under optimal experimental parameters is 1.5 pT/Hz1/2@1 Hz. This work will provide key technical support for rubidium laser OPMs’ product development.
AALLA: Attack-Aware Logical Link Assignment Cost-Minimization Model for Protecting Software-Defined Networks against DDoS Attacks
Authors: Ali Sameer , Tan Saw Chin , Lee Ching Kwang , Yusoff Zulfadzli , Haque Muhammad Reazul , Mylonas Alexios , Pitropakis Nikolaos
Published: November 2023

Software-Defined Networking (SDN), which is used in Industrial Internet of Things, uses a controller as its “network brain” located at the control plane. This uniquely distinguishes it from the traditional networking paradigms because it provides a global view of the entire network. In SDN, the controller can become a single point of failure, which may cause the whole network service to be compromised. Also, data packet transmission between controllers and switches could be impaired by natural disasters, causing hardware malfunctioning or Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks. Thus, SDN controllers are vulnerable to both hardware and software failures. To overcome this single point of failure in SDN, this paper proposes an attack-aware logical link assignment (AALLA) mathematical model with the ultimate aim of restoring the SDN network by using logical link assignment from switches to the cluster (backup) controllers. We formulate the AALLA model in integer linear programming (ILP), which restores the disrupted SDN network availability by assigning the logical links to the cluster (backup) controllers. More precisely, given a set of switches that are managed by the controller(s), this model simultaneously determines the optimal cost for controllers, links, and switches.
Optimized Leaky-Wave Antenna for Hyperthermia in Biological Tissue Theoretical Model
Authors: Calcaterra Alessandro , Simeoni Patrizio , Migliore Marco Donald , Mangini Fabio , Frezza Fabrizio
Published: November 2023

In this paper, we exploit the enhanced penetration reachable through inhomogeneous waves to induce hyperthermia in biological tissues. We will present a leaky-wave antenna inspired by the Menzel antenna which has been shortened through opportune design and optimizations and that has been designed to optimize the penetration at the interface with the skin, allowing penetration in the skin layer at a constant temperature, and enhanced penetration in the overall structure considered. Past papers both numerically and analytically demonstrated the possibility of reducing the attenuation that the electromagnetic waves are subject to when travelling inside a lossy medium by using inhomogeneous waves. In those papers, a structure (the leaky-wave antenna) is shown to allow the effect, but such a radiator suffers from low efficiency. Also, at the frequencies that are most used for hyperthermia application, a classical leaky-wave antenna would be too long; here is where the idea of the shortened leaky-wave arises. To numerically analyze the penetration in biological tissues, this paper considers a numerical prototype of a sample of flesh, composed of superficial skin layers, followed by fat and an undefined layer of muscles.
AI and Blockchain-Based Secure Data Dissemination Architecture for IoT-Enabled Critical Infrastructure
Authors: Rathod Tejal , Jadav Nilesh Kumar , Tanwar Sudeep , Polkowski Zdzislaw , Yamsani Nagendar , Sharma Ravi , Alqahtani Fayez , Gafar Amr
Published: November 2023

The Internet of Things (IoT) is the most abundant technology in the fields of manufacturing, automation, transportation, robotics, and agriculture, utilizing the IoT’s sensors-sensing capability. It plays a vital role in digital transformation and smart revolutions in critical infrastructure environments. However, handling heterogeneous data from different IoT devices is challenging from the perspective of security and privacy issues. The attacker targets the sensor communication between two IoT devices to jeopardize the regular operations of IoT-based critical infrastructure. In this paper, we propose an artificial intelligence (AI) and blockchain-driven secure data dissemination architecture to deal with critical infrastructure security and privacy issues. First, we reduced dimensionality using principal component analysis (PCA) and explainable AI (XAI) approaches. Furthermore, we applied different AI classifiers such as random forest (RF), decision tree (DT), support vector machine (SVM), perceptron, and Gaussian Naive Bayes (GaussianNB) that classify the data, i.e., malicious or non-malicious. Furthermore, we employ an interplanetary file system (IPFS)-driven blockchain network that offers security to the non-malicious data. In addition, to strengthen the security of AI classifiers, we analyze data poisoning attacks on the dataset that manipulate sensitive data and mislead the classifier, resulting in inaccurate results from the classifiers. To overcome this issue, we provide an anomaly detection approach that identifies malicious instances and removes the poisoned data from the dataset. The proposed architecture is evaluated using performance evaluation metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve). The findings show that the RF classifier transcends other AI classifiers in terms of accuracy, i.e., 98.46%.
Machine Learning Model for Leak Detection Using Water Pipeline Vibration Sensor
Authors: Lee Suan , Kim Byeonghak
Published: November 2023

Water leakage from aging water and wastewater pipes is a persistent problem, necessitating the improvement of existing leak detection and response methods. In this study, we conducted an analysis of essential features based on data collected from leak detection sensors installed at water meter boxes and water outlets of pipelines. The water pipeline data collected through the vibration sensor were preprocessed by converting it into a tabular form by frequency band and applied to various machine learning models. The characteristics of each model were analyzed, and XGBoost was selected as the most suitable leak detection model with a high accuracy of 99.79%. These systems can effectively reduce leak detection and response time, minimize water waste, and minimize economic losses. Additionally, this technology can be applied to various fields that utilize water pipes, making it widely applicable.
Graph Neural Networks for Parkinson’s Disease Monitoring and Alerting
Authors: Zafeiropoulos Nikolaos , Bitilis Pavlos , Tsekouras George E. , Kotis Konstantinos
Published: November 2023

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been increasingly employed in the field of Parkinson’s disease (PD) research. The use of GNNs provides a promising approach to address the complex relationship between various clinical and non-clinical factors that contribute to the progression of PD. This review paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art research that is using GNNs for PD. It presents PD and the motivation behind using GNNs in this field. Background knowledge on the topic is also presented. Our research methodology is based on PRISMA, presenting a comprehensive overview of the current solutions using GNNs for PD, including the various types of GNNs employed and the results obtained. In addition, we discuss open issues and challenges that highlight the limitations of current GNN-based approaches and identify potential paths for future research. Finally, a new approach proposed in this paper presents the integration of new tasks for the engineering of GNNs for PD monitoring and alert solutions.
Multi-Criteria Selection of Electric Delivery Vehicles Using Fuzzy–Rough Methods
Authors: Wang Ning , Xu Yong , Puška Adis , Stević Željko , Alrasheedi Adel Fahad
Published: November 2023

Urban logistics implementation causes environmental pollution; therefore, it is necessary to consider the impact on the environment when carrying out such logistics. Electric vehicles are alternative vehicles that reduce the impact on the environment. For this reason, this study investigated which electric vehicle has the best indicators for urban logistics. An innovative approach when selecting such vehicles is the application of a fuzzy–rough method based on expert decision making, whereby the decision-making process is adapted to the decision makers. In this case, two methods of multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) were used: SWARA (stepwise weight assessment ratio analysis) and MARCOS (measurement alternatives and ranking according to compromise solution). By applying the fuzzy–rough approach, uncertainty is included when making a decision, and it is possible to use linguistic values. The results obtained by the fuzzy–rough SWARA method showed that the range and price of electric vehicles have the greatest influence on the selection of an electric delivery vehicle. The results of applying the fuzzy–rough MARCOS method indicated that the Kangoo E-Tech Electric vehicle has the best characteristics according to experts’ estimates. These results were confirmed by validation and the application of sensitivity analysis. In urban logistics, the selection of an electric delivery vehicle helps to reduce the impact on the environment. By applying the fuzzy–rough approach, the decision-making problem is adjusted to the preferences of the decision makers who play a major role in purchasing a vehicle.
Optimal Protection Scheme for Enhancing AC Microgrids Stability against Cascading Outages by Utilizing Events Scale Reduction Technique and Fuzzy Zero-Violation Clustering Algorithm
Authors: Zand Hossein Karimkhan , Mazlumi Kazem , Bagheri Amir , Hashemi-Dezaki Hamed
Published: November 2023

The precision with which directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs) are set up establishes the microgrid customers’ access to reliable and uninterrupted electricity. In order to avoid failure in DOCRs operation, it is critical to consider a single contingency (N-1 event) on the protection optimization setting problem (POSP). However, power systems may face cascading outages or simultaneous contingencies (N-K events), which greatly expand the problem’s complexity and scale. The effect of cascading events on this problem is an open research gap. Initially, this paper proposes a novel approach to reducing the scale of simultaneous events called the N-K events scale reduction technique (N-K-ESRT). Moreover, an innovative method named fuzzy zero-violation clustering is utilized to group these contingencies. Ultimately, the DOCRs’ decision parameters are generated by three optimization algorithms, namely interior point (IPA), simulated annealing, and pattern search. In all case studies (including a real industrial network called TESKO2 feeder, the IEEE Std. 399-1997, and the IEEE 14 bus systems), the capabilities of the proposed method are effectively validated based on the DOCR’s tripping time and the algorithm’s execution time.
Flexible Operation to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions along the Cold Chain for Chilling, Storage, and Transportation—A Case Study for Dairy Products
Authors: Stöckl Martin , Idda Johannes , Selleneit Volker , Holzhammer Uwe
Published: November 2023

The further expansion of renewable energies in Germany requires flexible consumers to balance fluctuations in electricity production from variable renewable energies. Cold storage warehouses, due to their inherent storage capacity and widespread use, are well-suited for integrating more renewable energies. The potential of cold storage warehouses is often viewed in isolation and not in conjunction with the cold chain’s upstream and downstream processes. By adjusting the temperatures within the processes, the individual links in the cold chain can be made flexible. To assess the effects of flexibilization on emissions and electricity costs, thermodynamic models of the individual links in the cold chain and of a yogurt pallet are developed and linked together. Due to temperature fluctuations in the products resulting from the flexibilization, emission evaluations must be considered throughout the cold chain. Results of the simulation for the study period show that emissions reductions and electricity cost savings can be achieved in all three links when they are made flexible. However, the savings vary in magnitude. Only minor savings can be achieved in the cooling tunnel. The greatest potential for savings is in refrigerated transport, if deeper cooling occurs in the process before, i.e., in the cold storage warehouse.
Infiltration Efficiency Index for GIS Analysis Using Very-High-Spatial-Resolution Data
Authors: Šiljeg Ante , Panđa Lovre , Marinović Rajko , Krvavica Nino , Domazetović Fran , Jurišić Mladen , Radočaj Dorijan
Published: November 2023

Infiltration models and impervious surface models have gained significant attention in recent years as crucial tools in urban and environmental planning, to assess the extent of land-surface changes and their impacts on hydrological processes. These models are important for understanding the hydrological dynamics and ecological impacts of urbanization and for the improvement of sustainable land-use planning and stormwater-management strategies. Due to the fact that many authors partially or entirely overlook the significance of the infiltration process in geographic information system (GIS) analyses, there is currently no universally accepted method for creating an infiltration model that is suitable for GIS multicriteria decision analysis (GIS-MCDA). This research paper presents an innovative approach to modeling the infiltration-efficiency index (IEI) for GIS analysis, with a focus on achieving high-quality results. The proposed methodology integrates very-high-resolution (VHR) remote-sensing data, GIS-MCDA, and statistical methods. The methodology was tested and demonstrated on a small sub-catchment in Metković, Croatia. The study developed a VHR IEI model from six specific criteria that produced values between 0 and 0.71. The model revealed that 14.89% of the research area is covered by impervious surfaces. This percentage is relatively favorable when compared to urban areas globally. The majority of the research area (62.79%) has good infiltration efficiency. These areas are predominantly characterized by agricultural land use, encompassing orchards, tangerines, olive groves, vineyards, and a diverse range of low-lying and high vegetation on flat terrain. The IEI model can provide input spatial data for high-resolution GIS analysis of hydrological processes. This model will aid decision-makers in stormwater-management, flood-risk assessment, land-use planning, and the design of green infrastructure. By utilizing the information derived from this study, policymakers can make informed decisions to mitigate flooding risks and promote sustainable urban development.
Hydrological Transport and Fate of Brackish and Inorganic Contaminants with Anthropogenic Influence
Authors: Heo Joonghyeok , Lim Chungwan , Lozano Joshua , Regmi Netra R.
Published: November 2023

The objective of our study is to estimate the contamination concentrations in the Permian Basin, US. A total of 481 observation samples were chosen within the following study areas: Andrews, Martin, Midland, Ector, Crane, and Upton Counties. The Dockum, Pecos Valley, Edwards-Trinity Plateau, and Ogallala aquifers were evaluated for inorganic contaminants. Level reports for parameters such as Arsenic (As), Nitrate (NO3−), Fluoride (F), Chloride (Cl), total dissolved solids (TDS), and Uranium (U) were provided by the Texas Water Development Board (TWDB) analyzed with other counties. We demonstrated the average level in each county with different time periods: 1992–2005 and 2006–2019. Our results were compared with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standards and concluded the safety of water consumption in the study areas. We concluded that inorganic pollutants resulted mainly from human impacts such as agriculture, fertilizers, and energy developments. This research offers significant information about inorganic pollutants and brackish aquifers in the Permian Basin, US, contributing to our understanding of how groundwater resources respond to contaminations in dry regions. With freshwater becoming scarcer in arid climates such as the Permian Basin, US, it is important to ensure successful water management in these dry and arid locations.
A Preliminary Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Ecological Product Value Realization in China Based on the DPSIR Model
Authors: Xie Xiansheng , Chen Shaozhi , Zhao Rong
Published: November 2023

Ecological Product Value Realization (EPVR) is regarded as an effective tool for ecological civilization construction in China and has received widespread attention. Based on the Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) model, this study constructs a multi-layered evaluation index system for the effectiveness of EPVR in China from a systemic perspective and determines the weights of the indicators through the entropy weight method. On this basis, an empirical analysis of the EPVR effectiveness in China from 2011 to 2021 is conducted using the TOPSIS method, the coupling coordination degree model, and the obstacle diagnosis model. The results show that the whole effectiveness of EPVR in China has been significantly improved during the study period, with the composite evaluation index increasing from 0.1481 to 0.7680, which can be categorized into a slow exploration period (2011 to 2016) and a rapid development period (2017 to 2021). The development effectiveness and the state of coupling coordination varies between subsystems, and the main obstacle factors are not fixed. The above results verify the scientific nature and applicability of the index system, which can provide a new assessment method to promote the efficient utilization of resources and sustainability. This study also makes recommendations in terms of ecological product supply, natural resource utilization, eco-industry, and coordinated development.
Accumulation and Translocation of Rare Trace Elements in Plants near the Rare Metal Enterprise in the Subarctic
Authors: Krasavtseva Eugenia , Maksimova Victoria , Slukovskaya Marina , Ivanova Tatiana , Mosendz Irina , Elizarova Irina
Published: November 2023

Mining activities create disturbed and polluted areas in which revegetation is complicated, especially in northern areas. For the first time, the state of the ecosystems in the impact zone of tailings formed during the processing of rare earth element deposits in the Subarctic have been studied. This work aimed to reveal aspects of accumulation and translocation of trace and biogenic elements in plants (Avenella flexuosa (L.) Drejer, Salix sp., and Betula pubescens Ehrh.) that are predominantly found in primary ecosystems on the tailings of loparite ores processing. The chemical composition of soil, initial and washed plant samples was analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Factor analysis revealed that anthropogenic and biogenic factors affected the plants’ chemical composition. A deficiency of nutrients (Ca, Mg, Mn) in plants growing on tailings was found. The absorption of REE (Ce, La, Sm, Nd) by A. flexuosa roots correlated with the soil content of these elements and was maximal in the hydromorphic, which had a high content of organic matter. The content of these elements in leaves in the same site was minimal; the coefficient of REE bioaccumulation was two orders of magnitude less than in the other two sites. The high efficiency of dust capturing and the low translocation coefficient of trace elements allow us to advise A. flexuosa for remediation of REE-contained tailings and soils.
West Nile Virus, an Underdiagnosed Cause of Acute Fever of Unknown Origin and Neurological Disease among Hospitalized Patients in South Africa
Authors: MacIntyre Caitlin , Lourens Carla , Mendes Adriano , de Villiers Maryke , Avenant Theunis , du Plessis Nicolette M. , Leendertz Fabian H. , Venter Marietjie
Published: November 2023

West Nile virus (WNV), a mosquito-borne flavivirus, is endemic to South Africa. However, its contribution to acute febrile and neurological disease in hospitalized patients in South Africa is unknown. This study examined two patient cohorts for WNV using molecular testing and IgM serology with confirmation of serological results by viral neutralization tests (VNT) to address this knowledge gap. Univariate analysis was performed using collected demographic and clinical information to identify risk factors. In the first cohort, 219 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens from patients with acute neurological disease in Gauteng hospitals collected in January to June 2017 were tested for WNV. The study identified WNV in 8/219 (3.65%, 95.00% CI (1.59–7.07)) patients with unsolved neurological infections. The second cohort, from 2019 to 2021, included 441 patients enrolled between January and June with acute febrile or neurological disease from urban and rural sites in Gauteng and Mpumalanga provinces. West Nile virus was diagnosed in 40/441 (9.07%, 95.00% CI (6.73–12.12)) of patients, of which 29/40 (72.50%, 95.00% CI (56.11–85.40)) had neurological signs, including headaches, encephalitis, meningitis, and acute flaccid paralysis (AFP). Notably, most of the cases were identified in children although adolescents and senior adults had a significantly higher risk of testing WNV positive. This suggests a previously underestimated disease burden and that WNV might be underrecognized as a cause of febrile and neurological diseases in hospitalized patients in South Africa, especially in children. This emphasizes the importance of further research and awareness regarding arboviruses of public health concern.
Study on the Transient Flow Characteristics of a Hump Water Pipeline Based on the Random Distribution of Bubbles
Authors: Wang Qingbo , Hu Jianyong , Song Mingming , Shen Hui , Zhou Yu , Li Dongfeng , Xie Feng
Published: November 2023

Aiming at establishing the transient flow characteristics of gas–liquid two-phase flow in high-undulation water pipelines, based on the bubble distribution law measured using physical tests, the bubble distribution law function was input into the hump-pipe fluid domain model, and CFD numerical simulation was carried out for different flow rates and different air contents. The CLSVOF two-phase flow model and the RNG k-ε turbulence model were used to analyze the flow pattern evolution and pressure pulsation propagation in the process of gas–liquid two-phase flow through a hump pipe. The results show that the bubble size has a lognormal distribution, the equivalent diameter is between 3 mm and 10 mm, and the evolution of the flow pattern in the hump pipe is complex and violent. In the horizontal pipe section, there are three main flow patterns: bubble flow, wavy flow and segment plug flow. In the vertical pipe, there are two main flow patterns, slug flow and churning flow, and the flow pattern is affected by the flow rate and the air content rate. When air bubbles or air pockets in the pipeline flow through a certain area, this leads to a steep increase and decrease in the pressure pulsation amplitude in the region, and the pressure fluctuation is extremely frequent. Compared with the water flow rate, the air content is the main factor affecting the relative pressure pulsation amplitude under the condition of a 0.15-air content operating mode, which is generally approximately two to six times that of the 0-air content operating mode. The results of the research should facilitate the prediction of stagnant gas pipeline system bursts and water hammer protection, providing a theoretical basis and calculation parameters.
Results of treatment of patients with degenerative lumbar stenosis using spinal epidural neurostimulation
Authors:   FSBEI HE A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation,, Nikitin A.S. , Nanaev R.M. ,   FSBEI HE A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation,, Levchenko O.V. ,   FSBEI HE A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation,
Published: November 2023

The article provides the results of treatment of patients with degenerative lumbar stenosis; a detailed analysis of the main components of pain syndrome, neurogenic intermittent claudication, and factors of patient disability has been carried out. The efficacy of volley and tonic neurostimulation has been compared, factors of the effectiveness of neurostimulation have been identified, and an algorithm for managing patients with degenerative lumbar stenosis with severe concomitant diseases that prevent decompressive surgery has been developed.
Dynamics of indicators of replacement heifers rearing under the conditions of an animal husbandry enterprise
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “South Ural State Agrarian University”, Russia, Chelyabinsk region, Troitsk, Gritsenko S. A. , Kostomakhin N. M. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy”, Russia, Moscow
Published: November 2023

One of the conditions for high productivity of cows is proper, balanced feeding during the rearing of replacement heifers. The purpose of the work was to study the dynamics of indicators of the rearing of replacement heifers under the conditions of an animal husbandry enterprise where Holstein cattle are bred. The results of the analysis of the indicators of the rearing of replacement heifers and their dynamics over 5 years of production activity of the farm breeding Holstein cattle have been presented in the article. It was established that the fi rst insemination of replacement heifers in 2021 was carried out at the age of 13 months with a live weight of 401 kg. The live weight of heifers was 69,7 % of the live weight of fi rst-calf heifers and 69,1 % of the live weight of mature cows, which corresponded to the norm. The live weight of the first-calf heifers during the analyzed period decreased from 580 kg in 2017 to 575 kg in 2021, i. e. by 5 kg or 0,9 %. The live weight of mature cows increased from 557 kg in 2017 to 680 kg in 2021, i. e. by 23 kg or 4,1 %. The live weight of all groups of animals met the minimum requirements for the Holstein breed. Thus, for 5 years of the production activity of the milk production enterprise, it was established that in the farm under study, the growth, development, and age of the fi rst insemination indicators corresponded to the standards for Holstein breed, which indicated a fairly high level of breeding work carried out by the specialists of the farm. An increase in the growth rate of young animals allows us to inseminate heifers at the age of 14–15 months, which reduces the age of the fi rst calving and increases the efficiency of the dairy cattle industry.
Correlations of reproduction and productive traits in Holstein cows during dynamics on lactations
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Ural State Agrarian University”, Russia, Yekaterinburg, Gorelik O. V. , Fedoseeva N. A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian State University of National Economy named after V. I. Vernadsky”, Russia, Moscow region, Balashikha, Neverova O. P. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Ural State Agrarian University”, Russia, Yekaterinburg, Romanova N. V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian State University of National Economy named after V. I. Vernadsky”, Russia, Moscow region, Balashikha, Kelin Yu. V. ,   OJSC “Agrofirm Uralskaya”, Russia, Sverdlovsk region
Published: November 2023

The task facing livestock breeders is to get a calf from each cow during the calendar year. Insemination of cows in the fi rst two months after calving is a necessary condition for increasing the rate of reproduction of livestock on the farm and increasing the economic effi ciency of the dairy industry. The purpose of the work was to evaluate the correlations between reproduction and productive traits in dairy cattle of Holstein breed, taking into account age in lactations. It was established as a result of the research that the herd has a large number of young cows in their fi rst and second lactations. The highest productivity indicators were found in cows in the third lactation, then there was a decrease in milk yield until the end of their use with slight fl uctuations in the direction of increase or decrease in milk yield, but in any case they turned out to be lower than in the third lactation. The mass fraction of fat in milk is a fairly stable indicator, as is the mass fraction of protein. The duration of the period of open days generally exceeded the optimal norms by 13–24 days or 14,4–26,7 %. This leads to the increase in the duration of lactation and the calving interval. The reproductive effi ciency coeffi cient ranged from 0,97 (9 and 10 lactations) to 0,91 (1, 5 and 11 lactations) and was mostly below 0,95, but tended towards this indicator. It can be concluded that the breeding stock in the dairy cattle herd of the breeding farm has satisfactory reproductive traits and there are certain problems with reproduction. The reliable influence of the duration of the period of open days on the milk productivity of cows has not been determined. Based on milk yield during early lactation we can predict about the further productivity of cows.
150 years to the Honored worker of science and technics, Academician Efi m Fedotovich Liskun
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy”, Russia, Moscow, Trukhachev V. I. , Yuldashbaev Yu. A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy”, Russia, Moscow, Boronetskaya O. I. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy”, Russia, Moscow, Kostomakhin N. M. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy”, Russia, Moscow, Ostapchuk A. M. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy”, Russia, Moscow, Tyutyunnikova A. V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy”, Russia, Moscow, Rubtsova I. S. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy”, Russia, Moscow
Published: November 2023

The materials on the biography, scientific, pedagogical and social activities of the outstanding scientist, one of the founders of animal science, the founder of domestic agricultural craniology, academician Efim Fedotovich Liskun have been provided in this article. The article was dedicated to the 150th anniversary of the scientist’s birth. In preparing this material, we used archival documents, photographs, personal diaries and letters located in the collections of the State Museum of Animal Husbandry named after E. F. Liskun, as well as memories of the scientist of his colleagues and students, excerpts from his monographs and textbooks.
EFFECT OF THE EXISTENCE OF PANGSAN TOURISM VILLAGE ON CHANGES IN LAND USE, ECONOMIC, AND SOCIAL COMMUNITIES
Authors: Adi Husnaini
Published: November 2023

Tourism is one of the main sectors in Indonesia to improve the economy. The strategy in developing the economy, especially in rural areas, is to develop tourism villages. As one of the sectors that occupy space development, directly or indirectly, will affect changes in economic conditions, social and physical geography. Pangsan Village is located in Petang District, Badung Regency. The development of this tourism village is certainly an impact on the physical and non- physical conditions in the village. Based on this statement, this study was conducted to assess the influence of Pangsan Tourism Village existence toward land-use changing, economic and social. The method used in this study is Descriptive quantitative method. These results indicate that the presence of Pangsan Tourism Village affects changes in land use where forests and rice fields are used as tourist attractions to support tourism activities. The existence of the tourism village also has an effect on the economy, especially the expansion of job opportunities and increased revenues. The developments of a tourism village with many tourists who come also affect social conditions that are reflected in the patterns of behavior and attitude of people skills. As for the distribution of increased community skills gained from training for manage the tourism village. The results of the research are expected to be a guideline for stakeholders to develop Pangsan Tourism Village

Keywords:  Tourism Village, Land-Use Change, Economic, Social
Université de Paris V. Des moniteurs d’«alphabétisation» en stage à Paris V
Authors: Charlot Martine
Published: November 2023

Depuis 1973, à l’initiative de l’U. E. R. de Linguistique générale et appliquée et sous l’égide du Centre de Formation Continue de l’Université René-Descartes (Paris V), sont organisés des stages de formation de moniteurs d’ «alphabétisation » (1).

Les stages se déroulent selon la formule des stages intensifs (deux semaines à plein temps) ou celle des stages extensifs (tous les samedis matin durant l’année universitaire).

Nous présentons ici quelques-uns des stagiaires du stage extensif de 1976-1977.
La formation des formateurs de travailleurs migrants : Par qui ? Pour qui ? Comment ? Pourquoi ?
Authors: Charlot Martine
Published: November 2023

Nous rappellerons ici les options énoncées dans l’éditorial pour la présentation de l’aspect institutionnel de la formation des formateurs :

1) Large extension donnée au concept de formateur, englobant les formateurs de formateurs, moniteurs de cours de langue ou de cours professionnel, travailleurs sociaux, directeurs et animateurs de Foyers, agents «intermédiaires » et du Réseau National d’Accueil, etc.

2) Informations apportées par les directeurs ou responsables d’administrations et d’organismes. Cette option avait pour but de faire connaître des discours «officiels » afin de permettre d’une part une confrontation entre eux, révélatrice ou non de leurs convergence et cohérence au niveau de l’analyse et des objectifs poursuivis ; d’autre part, une élaboration par les formateurs de base et les formés de leur propre discours sur la formation.
Un stage de formation d'enseignants italiens en France
Authors:   CEFISEM de Lyon
Published: November 2023

Les C.E.F.I.S.E.M. (Centres de Formation et d’information pour la scolarisation des enfants de migrants) organisent régulièrement, entre autres, des stages pour les enseignants étrangers exerçant en France à l’école élémentaire dans le cadre de la circulaire du 9 avril 1975.

Nous reproduisons ici des fragments du compte rendu d’un stage organisé du 4 au 8 décembre 1978 par le C.E.F.I.S.E.M. de Lyon à la demande de l’Ambassade d’Italie en France pour une trentaine d’instituteurs et institutrices italiens.
Investigation of the effectiveness of helmet position tracking methods and virtual reality controller
Authors:   Volgograd State Technical University, Pavlenko I.D. , Egunov V.A.
Published: November 2023

Currently, there is a surge in the popularity of virtual reality technologies. In addition to video games, analysts at the investment bank Goldman Sachs identified eight key industries: healthcare, real estate, trade, entertainment, video, education, engineering, and the army. In the process of training specialists in various applied fields, from an economic point of view, it is more rational to develop a virtual reality simulator than to implement training on real devices. In this paper, the effectiveness of methods for tracking the position of the helmet and virtual reality controllers in space is investigated. Various approaches to solving this problem are considered, including optical, magnetic, inertial and hybrid tracking systems, hardware and software necessary for the implementation of each of these methods are analyzed.
Cybercrime investigation model
Authors:   St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Gorda M.D. , Chechulin A.A.
Published: November 2023

With each passing day, individuals, organizations, and even governmental entities are confronted with an escalating incidence of cybercrimes. Faced with limited resources and the increasing complexity of cyberattacks, organizations often find themselves incapable of detecting and preventing such malicious actions and necessitating investigative efforts to mitigate their consequences. The primary objective of this study is the development of a comprehensive model for cybercrime investigation. In constructing this model, we have drawn upon related literature concerning cybercrimes and their investigation, alongside employing a spectrum of research methodologies, including analysis and synthesis, examination and generalization, deduction, and induction. Through an analysis of the investigative phases and the required for them information, we have formulated a cybercrime investigation model. Furthermore, we have field-tested this model in the context of an insider attack investigation. It is envisaged that the proposed model can serve as a foundational framework for the formulation of practical guidelines pertaining to the investigation of information security incidents, applicable both in governmental and commercial organizations.