bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Sound of Moog: Using Vinyl Recordings to Reconstruct a History of the Moog Synthesizer
Authors: Holmes Thom
Published: November 2014

Original vinyl recordings of popular music provide a rich source of data to supplement other historical research. Vintage recordings and associated liner notes provide details about the chronologic, geographic, biographic, and artistic elements that contribute to an understanding of music, music technology, and popular culture of the time. Information derived from a study of vinyl music recordings can fortify and supplement other forms of research in popular culture, artists, and music. I have undertaken a project to archive every commercial recording made using the Moog Modular Synthesizer between the years 1967 and 1970. This study represents my initial findings regarding The Sound of Moog project, which focuses on the influence of this early synthesizer on popular music, culture, and industry. The central question behind my research is: What can we learn about the history and influence of the Moog Synthesizer by examining the recordings of the early adopters of this technology? In this study, I explore general methods of discographic practice in organizing data from vintage vinyl recordings, address the issue of dating popular music recordings, and illustrate that research derived from recordings adds unique findings and insight to historical research.
A Panoramic Survey of Beethoven’s Hammerklavier Sonata, Op. 106: Composition and Performance
Authors: Morante Basilio Fernández
Published: November 2014

This article draws together a range of perspectives on one of the supreme works in the piano repertoire, Beethoven’s Sonata no. 29, op. 106. Composed in extreme circumstances, it takes sonata form to the limit, while at the same time revealing a search for new ways forward. From its first appearance right up to the present day, its complexity has distanced it from the general public, and even from many performers. The main object of this study is to provide elements that enable us to understand what is, in stylistic terms, one of the composer’s most atypical pieces. For this purpose it examines biographical, contextual, and structural aspects of the work, as well as questions of interpretation on the basis of the various existing editions and of fifty-one performances, which confirm a widespread tradition of slow tempos, despite Beethoven’s precise and consistent indications.
Gathering ‘Knowledge’ in the Bay of Bengal: The Letters of John Adolphus Pope, 1785–1788
Authors: Andaya Barbara Watson
Published: November 2014

In 1992 the poet and independent researcher Anne Bulley published the letters of a youth named John Adolphus Pope who at the age of fourteen became Third Officer on an English country ship, the Princess Royal . These letters have been little used by historians of Southeast Asia, but they are an extraordinarily rich source for this period. On his arrival in India Pope was recruited by the Orientalist Sir William Jones to collect information and specimens of places he visited. Beginning in December 1785 and ending in September 1788, his letters to his friend George provide a personal view of trading operations in ports stretching from Madras, Kolkata and Mumbai to Rangoon (Yangon), Aceh, Penang, Kedah and ultimately China. Drawing on the books available to him, the information supplied by fellow country traders, his own observations and particularly the material supplied by local informants, Pope’s letters offer intriguing insights into the ways in which a younger mind determined the kind of knowledge that was useful and worthy of transmittal. Written at a time when British ascendancy was an ambition rather than an actuality, his opinions and attitudes highlight an environment where competition could reinforce European bigotry and prejudice, but where the need for commercial co-operation could also foster genuine cross-cultural communication.
Resurgent Spirits of Civil Society Activism: Rediscovering the Bukit Brown Cemetery in Singapore
Authors: Jianli Huang
Published: November 2014

The proposed building of a major highway and expected extensive housing projects in the forgotten Chinese cemetery at Bukit Brown of Singapore in 2011 ignited unprecedented national and international attention. Opened in 1922 by the British colonial authorities and eventually embedded with over 100,000 graves of the Chinese diaspora within a site rich in biodiversity, it is now touted as one of the largest Chinese cemeteries outside of China and a possible candidate for listing as a UNESCO World Heritage site. This paper is not intended as a major theoretical framing of larger issues; instead, the focus is on chronicling the important resurgence of civil society activism in the process of rediscovery and tracing the challenges posed to the disciplinary political authorities of Singapore. Previous studies about contestation over Chinese burial grounds in Singapore are centred on Western versus Chinese practices and on parochial sub-communal interest versus modernist developmental regimes, without bringing heritage concerns directly into the microphysics of power. This new narrative on Bukit Brown will unveil the extent to which heritage, history and identity suddenly surged to the forefront of citizenry consciousness and interrogated the fundamentals of governance and national developmental agenda.
Perceiving and Believing: An Enactive Approach to Spectatorship
Authors: Bleeker Maaike , Germano Isis
Published: November 2014

This essay proposes an enactive approach to spectatorship. This enactive approach involves a shift in focus from what is (re)presented onstage towards the relationship between what is staged and the modes of perceiving of the audience. Staging and spectator are mutually implicated, and modes of staging (willingly or unwillingly) imply positions, both in concrete embodied space and with regard to the ways in which our perceptions of things include attitudes toward them: assumptions, expectations, beliefs, desires, fears. Starting from two theatre performances that position their audiences in ways that self-consciously destabilize habitual modes of perceiving (Dries Verhoeven’s Funerals and Alexandra Broeder’s NATURE or NURTURE ), the essay demonstrates the potential of an enactive approach for understanding the political and ethical implications of theatre. It shows how Lakoff and Johnson’s theory of conceptual metaphor helps to explain the confusing experiences caused by these performances in terms of how they confront us with what they describe as the “metaphors we live by”: the systems of metaphors that structure our bodily perceptual-cognitive encounter with what we find ourselves confronted with. The essay also shows how theories of embodied simulation help us to understand the uncomfortable experiences evoked by this performance as a result of how the performance mediates in multiple, sometimes contradictory identifications and subverts our sense of self as observers of a world that exists independently from our perception of it.
Emancipated Spectatorship and Subjective Drift: Understanding the Work of the Spectator in Erik Ehn’s Soulographie
Authors: Willis Emma
Published: November 2014

In 2012, at La MaMa theatre in New York city, Erik Ehn staged Soulographie , a cycle of seventeen of his plays, each concerned with genocide. The project was marked by what Ehn calls “subjective drift,” a shared contemplative practice where “I,” “you,” and “we” are “nicely confused.” This essay closely examines the ethical force of an aesthetic-contemplative mode in theatre through a study of subjective drift as interpretive and emancipatory work in the sense meant by Jacques Rancière when he speaks of an “emancipated spectator.” Analysis of Soulographie asks how the emancipated spectator might be understood in more fully theatrical terms than those that Rancière outlines, and, furthermore, how such a figure—and the relationships that constitute him or her—might be read ethically. Such ethical relations are not dependent on a physical reconfiguration of theatrical space, but are enacted when the theatrical subject itself— genocide —is linguistically emancipated. In its extremity, genocide is a provocative lens through which to ask what might be required of its spectators and what is at stake when we speak of emancipation.
Narcissistic Spectatorship in Immersive and One-on-One Performance
Authors: Zaiontz Keren
Published: November 2014

This essay examines how audiences are pulled to participate in performances that prioritize their self-consumption as a primary mode of engagement. It proposes that this consumptive engagement produces a narcissistic spectatorship—a mode of reception that fully engrosses a spectator into a performance in a way that highlights her own singular relationship to the event. It studies how this experiential reception is constructed in large-scale immersive theatre productions, such as Punchdrunk’s The Drowned Man: A Hollywood Fable , and small-scale one-on-one pieces, such as artist Zeesy Powers’s I Will Tell You Exactly What I Think of You . The essay discusses how spectators at Punchdrunk were driven by a competitive instinct to accumulate a oneof-a-kind experience for themselves at the site and then compare their experiences on social-media networks. Relative to this self-managed spectatorship, the participants in I Will Tell You were made into objects of artistic attention by Powers, who baldly assessed them though also spun elaborate fictions about who they might be. Whether it was Powers’s naked gaze or the Punchdrunk audiences’ consumptive glance, both modes of attention were symptomatic of a “presumptive intimacy” or self-entitlement to performance through material and multisensory encounters.
What UK Spectators Know: Understanding How We Come to Value Theatre
Authors: Reinelt Janelle
Published: November 2014

This essay reexamines the role of empirical research in scholarship on spectators. Within the context of political debates in the UK about cultural value and, in particular, the value of the performing arts in relation to other claims on public funding, it reports on attempts to counter the historical battle between instrumental and intrinsic value with new information on what spectators actually value in their theatregoing experiences. After reviewing public-policy debates with regard to these questions, the essay moves on to describe a research project funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council during 2013–14 on “Theatre Spectatorship and Value Attribution” (TSVA). The objectives of TSVA were to drill down into audience experiences of attending theatre, focusing on phenomenological self-description and analysis in order to understand how those specific experiences were valued (or not) by spectators. The Royal Shakespeare Company, the Young Vic, and the Theatre Royal Plymouth (Drum) collaborated with researchers to study spectators in relation to fourteen productions. Surveys, structured interviews, and creative workshops were employed to collect the data. TVSA also investigated whether changes occur in audience spectators’ thinking about their theatre experience over time. The project found that sociality is interwoven with value in theatre experiences, and that social interaction, stimulating thought, and connections to spectators’ lives and the world are deeply valued attributes of the sample. The essay concludes with an appraisal of the research results and suggestions for future research that would combine empirical with analytic methods.
Beyond elite sports: Analysis of the coverage of anabolic steroids in the Spanish press (2007–2011)
Authors: Agulló Calatayud Víctor , Castelló i Cogollos Rafael , Valderrama Zurián Juan Carlos
Published: November 2014

This article explores how the issue of anabolic steroids has been covered by the Spanish press in a period when doping/drug abuse in sport has attracted considerable attention in the media. We analysed news and opinion pieces about this topic in the Spanish written press over a period of five years (2007–2011) on the basis of the agenda-setting theory. A total of 581 items linked to the consumption of steroids were identified, mainly in the sports sections of a statewide newspaper and in the society and crime sections of Valencian and Catalan regional newspapers. In the vast majority of cases, the source and producer of the news is the police or the judicial system and the primary focus is on penal aspects, while a health and social integration perspective is neglected. Press releases from the police reveal the spread of the doping phenomenon, among both professional and amateur athletes, and also among security and emergency bodies.
Sports journalism between doping allegations and doping evidence. The coverage of Lance Armstrong in Italian newspapers
Authors: Spalletta Marica , Ugolini Lorenzo
Published: November 2014

The use of performance-enhancing drugs, or doping, is an issue that goes a long way back in the history of sport, and its debate is of paramount importance in sports journalism, especially in cycling journalism. This article aims to analyse the way in which Italian sports journalists deal with the problems raised by the issue of doping in their work. Presented here are the results of a qualitative research study on two daily newspapers (the Corriere della Sera and la Repubblica) concerning their coverage of Lance Armstrong, probably the most controversial cyclist of the last twenty years, because of his talent, success and involvement in doping. The research shows that the issue of doping illustrates perfectly the need for a balance between strict and rigorous reporting of events, and the passionate dimension of sports reporting, which is one of the main challenges that sports journalists face every day.
Wearing in memory: Materiality and oral histories of dress
Authors: Slater Alison
Published: November 2014

This article considers materiality in relation to memories of dress and explores why women remember the materiality of clothes they no longer wear or even no longer own. The focus is on two historical case studies of specific garments collected through primary interviews undertaken as part of my doctoral research. One, a black silk-velvet dress, belonged to Mary who had kept the skirt of the garment, with its signs of wear and physical material traces of use. It was bound up with memories of her late brother, who paid for the dress before his death on active service in World War II, and her late husband and their early lives together. Doris’ sister made the other dress for her 21st birthday in 1942. Doris had not kept this cotton-organdie dress, but this decision was full of regret. In her case, retaining memories of the materiality of the garment and the occasion when it was first worn had become a substitute for the garment itself. Both oral histories reveal the significance of materiality at the time a garment is worn and in how dress wears in and on our memories.
Wool is a knitted fabric that itches, isn’t it?
Authors: Hebrok Marie , Klepp Ingun Grimstad
Published: November 2014

In this article we explore in what ways consumers preconceptions of wool influence their ability to recognize it as a fabric. Do we know that it is wool because it itches, or, conversely, does it itch because we think that it is wool? The analysis builds on three different methods; wardrobe studies, sample tests and interviews, in order to explore both informants’ visual senses, and also applied tactile senses. It aims to bring together social science and textile technology methodologies and understanding in order to understand the properties of wool. It does this through adopting a multisensory understanding of the material. The research aimed to explore the associations with and experiences of wearing wool. This, we argue is as important as the senses in the process of identifying woollen fibres. The research found that the strongest influences in fabric identification were: perceptions of use, fabric type and fibres, colour, structure patterns and the ‘feel’ of the fabric.
Practice-based research as an approach for seeing, re-seeing and creating artworks
Authors: Al-YahYai Fakhriya Khalfan
Published: November 2014

There is growing interest in developing an agenda for carrying out new ways of conducting research in art and art education based on looking, seeing, thinking, creating and rethinking from an artistic perspective, that is, establishing a new vision for and revision of visual research in art education. The overall aim of this article is to provide insight into an artistic investigation and re-examination of the researcher’s culture and textile traditions. Doing so provides aesthetic insight through a close examination of fabric qualities and structures. Thinking and seeing are used as pedagogical elements in the process of practice-based research. This method of enquiry offers a rich example of how we can participate in the everyday world with heightened sensitivity and discover the beauty of seeing what many take for granted and thus learn to see differently through systematic enquiry.
The role of the anticanonical text: Jack Conroy and the Anvil, a Case Study
Authors: Turner Alison
Published: November 2014

Readers of American short stories have only a limited number of hours to devote to literature, in which we have infinite options of texts. Unless pursuing a particular project, most readers might look to anthologies for textual guidance, assuming that an anthology offers the easiest access to what is ‘best’ in a literary category. Any collection of texts is, ultimately, the choice of one or of a few publishers and editors. This article focuses on a body of texts that is largely neglected from the canon of American short stories, that of the worker-writer from the 1930s. After a brief summary of current concerns with canon formation, I perform a case study on author Jack Conroy and other contributors to his 1930s magazine, the Anvil, to prove that their work is, for the most part, forgotten by the most popular collections of American short stories. I then suggest that it is not worthwhile to insist that this corpus be represented in the canon, but rather to ask what happens to literature that, for one reason or another, becomes ‘anticanonical’. I suggest that the role of these proletarian texts is not to be largely read by today’s readers, but to have nourished the spreading diversity of American authors and readers.
Reading a culturally different text: Meaning signification process in Chinua Achebe’s short stories
Authors: Shrivastava Jaya , Nayak Amarjeet
Published: November 2014

Chinua Achebe has written extensively on African culture, its mores and the impact of European imperialism on indigenous African societies. His novels garnered worldwide attention and contributed towards the development of the African literature. But his short stories merit equal attention and interest owing not only to the similarity of themes that they share with his novels but also the skilful use of English, a ‘world language’ or an ‘alien language’ as he himself calls it, to depict the clash between traditional African cultures and colonial encounter. As an African author writing in English, Achebe appropriates this European linguistic means as an ethnographic tool to depict the traditions of Igbo society to which he belongs. Storytelling was a mainstay of the Igbo tradition and an integral part of the community, and it becomes pertinent for his readers outside Africa, who are unfamiliar with the sociocultural nuances of the African language, Igbo, to construct its meaning in the reading process by interpreting the textual cues. This study, taking a few of Chinua Achebe’s short stories as an example, will explore how the meaning of unfamiliar cultural elements is signified in the reading process through the language of the text such that it is comprehended and responded by the reader. The article argues that an understanding of the meaning signification process can make a reader conscious of the cognitive processes taking place in his her mind during the reading event and can introduce his or her to features of a distinct culture.
‘Make an Invisible Artwork’: Instructions for a pedagogy of visibility/invisibility
Authors: Desai Dipti
Published: November 2014

In this reflective essay, I draw on my experience as the Director of the art+education programmes at New York University to explore what happens if we shift art education practices from primarily an object based understanding of art that is unconnected to our daily lives to one where art is a living form that makes things happen. By focusing on an art-as-instruction exhibition where the audience enacts the instructions, I open a discussion on the notion of visibility and invisibility in art education practices, in the hope of rethinking the ways we train art teachers.
Breaking internalized teacher scripts: From traditional habits of mind to a creative mindset
Authors: Rufo David
Published: November 2014

This article tells the story of an elementary school math teacher faced with the challenge of preserving a classroom devoted to innovative and creative learning, as his independent day school moved towards standardization and traditional educational approaches. After being informed that his instruction needed to come into closer alignment with the rest of the school he invited his students to brainstorm ways in which they could inconspicuously remain empowered agents of their own learning. The class decided to set aside one hour each week as a time for self-directed learning. During this time they produced math-based carnival games culminating in an event they called ‘Math Palooza’. Reflecting on this experience, the author realized the importance of using critical self-reflection to interrogate the status quo and as a safeguard from falling into habitualized methods of instruction and obsolete forms of curricular design.
By members for members: How the National Art Education Association is using creative leadership to mobilize a professional community and advocate for art education
Authors: Inhulsen Dennis , Reeve Deborah B.
Published: November 2014

The digital age and the need for visual literacy in a creative economy increase the importance of equitable and accessible art education. While Congress has recognized art education as a core component of a well-rounded public school education, students now in fact have less access to art programmes and the opportunity to pursue these programmes is less equitable in many communities. To address this paradox and to bring curricular parity, art educators must become the champions of their professional field. Grass-roots leadership cannot be taken for granted. The National Art Education Association (NAEA), once a traditional professional association, has addressed the need for organizational transformation, using creative leadership strategies to mobilize its members, to build robust communities of practice, and to create agile structures that empower art educators to become stronger leaders and advocates.
Los significados de “aprendizaje ubicuo”
Authors: Burbules Nicholas C.
Published: November 2014

En una época en que las personas pueden llevar Internet en sus bolsillos, la enseñanza y el aprendizaje deben reconsiderarse. El aumento del uso de dispositivos de mano y portátiles, junto con las redes inalámbricas presentes por todos lados, significa que las oportunidades de aprendizaje estructuradas están convirtiéndose en un asunto “en cualquier momento y en cualquier lugar”. Hablamos de este cambio en términos de ubicuidad: la brecha tradicional entre contextos formales e informales de aprendizaje está desmoronándose. Los cambios tecnológicos y sociales, culturales e institucionales hacen que el aprendizaje sea una posibilidad continua. El ensayo concluye con algunas breves observaciones acerca de las repercusiones de estos cambios para la preparación y el desarrollo profesional de los docentes.
Participación de los países en vías de desarrollo en evaluaciones de aprendizaje, 1960-2009
Authors: Kamens David H. , Benavot Aaron
Published: November 2014

Este trabajo analiza los cambios anuales en la participación de países en vías de desarrollo en diferentes tipos de evaluaciones de aprendizaje durante las últimas tres décadas. Asimismo, este estudio pone especial énfasis y provee explicaciones iniciales sobre la expansión global de evaluaciones regionales y nacionales desde mediados de los años noventa. El trabajo sostiene que las evaluaciones nacionales de aprendizaje -tales como las evaluaciones no-estandarizadas, sensibles al contexto y no-comparables- se han convertido en la herramienta preferida de los diseñadores de políticas educativas en muchos países en vías de desarrollo. La creciente demanda de agentes educativos por mecanismos de rendición de cuentas y las ventajas relativas de las evaluaciones regionales nacionales probablemente agudizaran esta tendencia en los próximos años, aunque mucho dependerá de las políticas adoptadas por organismos internacionales, ONGs y asociaciones regionales que asesoran y financian la participación de los países en evaluaciones de aprendizaje.
Motivación, organización y carrera de los docentes: el caso italiano
Authors: Bertola Giuseppe , Checchi Daniele
Published: November 2014

Este artículo se propone identificar los objetivos del sistema educativo italiano y sus recursos para optimizar el trabajo de los docentes y para encontrar, para cada uno, el ámbito más adecuado, con la finalidad de encontrar propuestas que puedan ayudar a mejorar la escuela italiana. Nos proponemos también dilucidar sobre la base de qué elecciones, reglas y controles se regula el sistema educativo italiano. Para ello, se analizarán las interacciones entre docentes y estudiantes para determinar cómo debería seleccionarse el personal, cómo debería asignársele tareas específicas y cómo deberían implementarse los controles y vínculos jerárquicos.
Un trato excepcional. Acción afirmativa cotidiana en la Universidad Nacional de Cuyo
Authors: Fernández Vavrik Germán
Published: November 2014

Los actores involucrados en la realización de un programa de becas en la Universidad Nacional de Cuyo de la Argentina enfrentan una tensión irresoluble, inherente a las políticas de acción afirmativa. Es la tensión en el tratamiento de beneficiarios entre los principios de igualdad y de diferencia. Los becarios, provenientes de comunidades indígenas huarpes y de pueblos rurales, son presentados por los responsables del programa como personas que merecen al mismo tiempo: a) un trato excepcional en razón de su origen y b) un trato impersonal en razón de su status de estudiantes de una universidad de masas. El programa es una medida excepcional con respecto a las políticas de equidad en Educación Superior en el país, ya que selecciona y categoriza a los beneficiarios según un criterio de origen sociocultural y geográfico antes que según un criterio socioeconómico tradicional. Para comprender cómo estos recién llegados son tratados y cómo se explica su experiencia, la investigación sociológica se basa en entrevistas, etnografía, análisis audiovisual y análisis de documentos internos y de resoluciones del programa.
La Producción y la Publicación de Información Estadística Sobre Educación en la Argentina. Elementos para un Diagnóstico
Authors: Sánchez Belen
Published: November 2014

Este estudio analiza la producción y la publicación de información estadística sobre Educación por parte de la Dirección Nacional de Información y Evaluación de la Calidad Educativa (DiNIECE), organismo estatal nacional productor de información educativa por excelencia. Previo repaso de las raíces históricas del organismo, el trabajo expone las dimensiones sobre las que el organismo releva información, identificando algunos vacíos y desafíos existentes. Luego estudia el corpus de publicaciones de esta Dirección desde la perspectiva del acceso a la información por parte del público en general, destacando los hallazgos salientes de la investigación. Logra así identificar un largo camino por recorrer en la materia, sobre todo en lo que respecta a la puesta a disposición del público de la información relevada. Así, el trabajo provee elementos clave para la construcción de un diagnóstico sobre la producción de información educativa en la Argentina.
Abandono Escolar en las Escuelas Secundarias Urbanas de Argentina: Nuevos Indicadores para el Planeamiento de Políticas de Inclusión Educativa
Authors: Steinberg Cora
Published: November 2014

La Argentina ha asumido el compromiso de que todos los adolescentes y jóvenes terminen el nivel secundario. Si bien el acceso al nivel se ha incrementado significativamente en los últimos años, hay todavía serios problemas para lograr que todos permanezcan y egresen del nivel. La secundaria obligatoria constituye un desafío importante para el sistema educativo, o los sistemas educativos que lo constituyen. Es una meta que además de interpelar la disponibilidad de recursos materiales para ampliar la oferta, interpela fundamentalmente a la escuela, su cultura institucional, los actores involucrados y la propuesta pedagógica. El abandono escolar es sin duda el punto más crítico en este diagnóstico. Este trabajo tiene como objeto ampliar el diagnóstico sobre el abandono escolar que ocurre durante el año lectivo en las escuelas secundarias en Argentina. El análisis se centra en los establecimientos de gestión estatal del ámbito urbano, considerando el territorio y la configuración de su oferta. ¿Se produce el mismo nivel de abandono en todos los establecimientos del país? Los resultados del estudio indican que a partir del análisis del nivel de abandono de los establecimientos y la dispersión de este fenómeno observado en función de su distribución entre las escuelas, es posible identificar distintas situaciones. Los resultados muestran que se registran al menos cuatro tipos de escenarios que requieren de estrategias de política diferenciadas. Advierte sobre el nivel de heterogeneidad que presenta la oferta educativa del nivel en cada uno de los territorios y de la necesidad de profundizar el análisis de esta problemática junto con mayores datos sobre el contexto social e institucional de los establecimientos.
Formación de Profesores para la Calidad de la Enseñanza
Authors: Alliaud Andrea
Published: November 2014

En los últimos treinta años el tema de la calidad educativa ha atravesado la agenda política. La relación entre la mejora de los sistemas de enseñanza y la formación docente fue el supuesto que motorizó numerosas intervenciones en los ámbitos de formación profesional, tanto inicial como continua. Aun así pueden distinguirse dos movimientos de reforma tanto en el país como en la región: uno, el de la década de 1990, que asoció calidad con eficiencia de los sistemas y otro, el de los años 2000, que asocia calidad con justicia social. Pretendemos mostrar en este artículo que la calidad entendida exclusivamente bajo la perspectiva del rendimiento, que pretende alcanzarse con la definición de “parámetros externos”, ignorando los saberes y las prácticas de los sujetos, no es eficiente ni justa. Que más que políticas que “humillen el oficio” de enseñar se requieren condiciones de trabajo y de formación que lo fortalezcan. Convencidos de que la calidad educativa resulta indispensable para lograr sistemas educativos y sociedades más justas, abogamos por prácticas y políticas que incorporen los saberes y los haceres de los distintos sujetos implicados en los procesos de transmisión.
Interacciones entre sindicatos docentes y estado La Provincia de Buenos Aires entre 2000 y 2007
Authors: Mulcahy Annie
Published: November 2014

Este estudio analiza la conflictividad docente en la Provincia de Buenos Aires durante los años 2000 y 2007. Luego de las reformas educativas implementadas en la década de 1990 y en el marco de un nuevo contexto político-económico, se examinan las interacciones entre las dos organizaciones sindicales docentes mayoritarias –Sindicato Único de Trabajadores de la Educación de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (SUTEBA) y Federación de Educadores Bonaerenses (FEB)– y las autoridades gubernamentales de la Provincia. Con el objeto de construir un mapa de la conflictividad sindical, se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad a informantes clave del sector, y un análisis exhaustivo de artículos periodísticos, actas de reuniones paritarias, e investigaciones sobre el tema. La información relevada permite inferir que los actores han adoptado –a lo largo del período– distintas estrategias en función del impacto de factores exógenos al sector educativo (alteraciones producidas en las variables económicas, relación entre el nivel nacional y provincial de gobierno), y otros propios de las organizaciones sindicales (identidades políticas, constitución de alianzas, participación en distintos campos de acción y estilos de liderazgo político) que operaron sobre el comportamiento de los actores, acrecentando o disminuyendo el nivel de conflictividad.
Las influencias del hogar, el pre-escolar y la escuela primaria sobre el rendimiento educativo a los once años del niño
Authors: Melhuish Edward , Sammons Pam , Sylva Kathy , Siraj-Blatchford Iram , Taggart Brenda
Published: November 2014

Este trabajo analiza los beneficios que la experiencia del pre-escolar puede tener sobre la madurez escolar, los logros educativos y la adaptación social de niños de escasos recursos. En este artículo se describen las conclusiones obtenidas en un estudio longitudinal de gran escala realizado en Inglaterra que brinda evidencia acerca de los aportes que el hogar, el pre-escolar y la escuela primaria significan para el desarrollo del niño, una evidencia que trabaja con una muestra cercana a la representatividad nacional y no sólo de grupos de escasos recursos, y por lo tanto ofrece evidencia acerca de los beneficios que generalmente resultan cuando se provee educación pre-escolar universalmente. Los datos de este estudio también pueden utilizarse para observar los beneficios relativos que surgen de las influencias del hogar, del pre-escolar y de la escuela para la población general, y la magnitud relativa de los beneficios asociados con diferencias en el ambiente del hogar, del pre-escolar y de la escuela.
Experiencias escolares de jóvenes inmigrantes: una comparación de las políticas y prácticas educativas en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires y en Madrid
Authors: Beech Jason , Bravo-Moreno Ana
Published: November 2014

Este trabajo compara las experiencias escolares de los hijos de inmigrantes de origen latinoamericano en Madrid y en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires a partir del análisis de los perfiles migratorios de las dos ciudades, de las políticas migratorias, las políticas educativas y de una serie de entrevistas que se hicieron con docentes y alumnos en escuelas estatales con altos porcentajes de estudiantes extranjeros. Tanto Madrid como la Ciudad de Buenos Aires han sufrido importantes cambios en sus perfiles y dinámicas migratorias en las últimas décadas. El crecimiento y mayor visibilidad de la pluralidad étnica en ciudades que se veían a sí mismas como homogéneas en términos culturales y étnicos han generado tensiones en los sistemas educativos. El artículo muestra que en ambas ciudades el enfoque general a través del cual se resuelve la educación de los estudiantes inmigrantes se basa en la idea de la asimilación de los extranjeros a una cultura dominante imaginaria que se percibe como cerrada y estática. Dentro de este abordaje general, en ambas ciudades se da una falta de reconocimiento de las necesidades especiales de los alumnos inmigrantes, aunque de formas muy diferentes en cada uno de estos lugares.
Mordell–Weil groups of elliptic threefolds
and the Alexander module of plane curves
Authors: Cogolludo-Agustín Jose-Ignacio , Libgober Anatoly
Published: November 2014

We establish a correspondence between
the rank of Mordell–Weil group of the complex
elliptic threefold associated with
a plane curve 𝒞 ⊂ ℙ2(𝔻) with equation F = 0,
certain roots of the Alexander polynomial associated with the
fundamental group π1(ℙ2(𝔻)∖𝒞)
and the polynomial solutions
for the functional equation of type
h
1

p

F
1 + h
2

q

F
2 + h
3

r

F
3 = 0
where
F = F
1
F
2
F
3. This correspondence is obtained for curves
in a certain class which includes the curves having
introduced here δ-essential singularities and in particular
for all curves with ADE singularities.

As a consequence we find a linear bound for the
degree of the
Alexander polynomial in terms of the degree of 𝒞 for curves with
δ-essential singularities and in particular arbitrary
ADE singularities.
Gender Images in EFL Textbooks
Authors: Wang Wenqin
Published: November 2014

Textbooks, authorized by the national education agency to be major teaching materials used in schools in China, are a kind of cultural capital. Textbooks assimilate and spread the culture of a certain society, which standardizes and restricts the compilation of textbooks. The culture of a society, especially the main ideology inevitably permeates textbooks. Therefore, what content is chosen in textbooks, how to organize the knowledge and how to present it to the target readers and evaluate it，are surely influenced by ideology. And the influence is neither obvious nor hidden. EFL teaching materials, the bridge between students and their teachers, are indispensable from English language instruction. Within the framework of Critical Linguistics, this paper studies the complicated relationship between language, power and ideology, based on one of the widely used EFL textbooks in Mainland China Fun with English. It tries to expose hidden sexism in Fun with English through quantitative analysis, textual analysis and comparative analysis. Moreover, it shows how sexist EFL teaching material affects their users and tentatively suggests several practical suggestions for overcoming negative effects of such materials.
On the asymptotic normality of the number of empty cells in a scheme of group allocation of particles
Authors: Chistyakov Vladimir P.
Published: November 2014

The paper is concerned with a scheme of m-dependent allocation of non-equiprobable groups of particles into cells. It is assumed that the number of groups and the number of cells tend to infinity and are of the same order. Asymptotic formulas for expectation and variance are obtained and sufficient conditions for the asymptotic normality of the number of empty cells in this scheme are formulated.
Gerechtigkeit bauen – Variationen mit Hume
Authors: Leist Anton
Published: November 2014

Among philosophers and social scientists, Hume’s idea of justice is generally identified with a system of rules based on mutual advantage, their moral quality playing either an insignificant or no part at all. This conventional or contractarian model, respectively, is not adequate to the special institution of morality or, in Hume, to the virtues, artificial or natural. It is not self-interest but sympathy in combination with the indirect passions of pride and humility that gives conventions their moral quality and social relevance. This article suggests exegetic and systematic reasons for the normative importance of Hume’s moral psychology, which should open the way to a developing morality much more in agreement with actual Western societies than a static morality based on self-interest would allow.
‚Aus Not handeln‘
Authors: Thyen Anke
Published: November 2014

The idea of an ethics of extreme emergency follows from the suspicion that what is morally permitted in the ordinary course of events could not cover what may seem supposedly morally required in a situation of emergency. There is claimed to be a demand for an ethics that gives reasons for moral permission for actions beyond what is generally morally permitted. The paper (1) provides reasons for the argument that what is generally morally permitted does cover what is morally permitted in situations of emergency and (2) states that the rejection of (1) entails a profound undermining of the ordinary moral code, the only resource available to legitimate action seemingly being beyond this code.
Notsituationen als Herausforderung für die Moralphilosophie
Authors: Wittwer Héctor
Published: November 2014

The fact that the topic of emergency situations has been neglected almost completely by ethical theory raises the question why normative ethics has had so little to say about extreme situations so far. One can assume that this disinterest is not due to the rarity of emergency situations but rather to their peculiar properties. All ethical theories rest on the premise that moral agents make the most of their decisions under normal circumstances. The aim of the paper is to answer the question whether or not normative ethics is able to adequately evaluate emergency situations. In order to do this, different types of extreme situations must be distinguished. It is argued that, on the one hand, self-defence and agreements by which all the participants refrain from certain of their rights in order to enable some of them to survive are morally unproblematic. On the other hand, there are emergency situations that do not allow for a solution which would be morally acceptable to all of the involved persons. Hence, morality itself can be unacceptable under extreme circumstances.
A parallel Crank–Nicolson finite difference method for time-fractional parabolic equation
Authors: Sweilam N. H. , Moharram H. , Moniem N. K. Abdel , Ahmed S.
Published: November 2014

- In this paper, a parallel Crank-Nicolson finite difference method (C-N-FDM) for time-fractional parabolic equation on a distributed system using MPI is investigated. The fractional derivative is described in the Caputos sense. The resultant large system of equations is studied using preconditioned conjugate gradient method (PCG), with the implementation of cluster computing on it. The proposed approach fulfills the suitability for the implementation on Linux PC cluster through the minimization of inter-process communication. To examine the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method, numerical test experiment using different number of nodes of the Linux PC cluster is studied. The performance metrics clearly show the benefit of using the proposed approach on the Linux PC cluster in terms of execution time reduction and speedup with respect to the sequential running in a single PC.
Diabetic euglycemic ketoacidosis in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus during Ramadan fasting
Authors: Baş Veysel Nijat , Uytun Salih , Torun Yasemin Altuner
Published: November 2014

Real euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis [DKA; blood glucose <200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L)] is rare, and long-lasting starvation conditions due to intervening diseases in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients may also cause it. Euglycemic DKA is also reported in insulin-dependent diabetics with depression, alcoholics, glycogen storage diseases, and chronic liver disease apart from pregnant cases. This case report is presented to emphasize the importance of evaluation of acid-base state, urine glucose, and ketone values at the application in all newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic patients with normal glucose levels by defining euglycemic DKA that resulted from long-lasting starvation during Ramadan fasting in a newly diagnosed 14-year-old male patient.
Task Dependence of Visual and Category Representations in Prefrontal and Inferior Temporal Cortices
Authors: McKee Jillian L. , Riesenhuber Maximilian , Miller Earl K. , Freedman David J.
Published: November 2014

Visual categorization is an essential perceptual and cognitive process for assigning behavioral significance to incoming stimuli. Categorization depends on sensory processing of stimulus features as well as flexible cognitive processing for classifying stimuli according to the current behavioral context. Neurophysiological studies suggest that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the inferior temporal cortex (ITC) are involved in visual shape categorization. However, their precise roles in the perceptual and cognitive aspects of the categorization process are unclear, as the two areas have not been directly compared during changing task contexts. To address this, we examined the impact of task relevance on categorization-related activity in PFC and ITC by recording from both areas as monkeys alternated between a shape categorization and passive viewing tasks. As monkeys viewed the same stimuli in both tasks, the impact of task relevance on encoding in each area could be compared. While both areas showed task-dependent modulations of neuronal activity, the patterns of results differed markedly. PFC, but not ITC, neurons showed a modest increase in firing rates when stimuli were task relevant. PFC also showed significantly stronger category selectivity during the task compared with passive viewing, while task-dependent modulations of category selectivity in ITC were weak and occurred with a long latency. Finally, both areas showed an enhancement of stimulus selectivity during the task compared with passive viewing. Together, this suggests that the ITC and PFC show differing degrees of task-dependent flexibility and are preferentially involved in the perceptual and cognitive aspects of the categorization process, respectively.
Dopamine D1 and D5 Receptors Modulate Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity at Medial Perforant Path to Dentate Granule Cell Synapses
Authors: Yang Kechun , Dani John A.
Published: November 2014

Although evidence suggests that DA modulates hippocampal function, the mechanisms underlying that dopaminergic modulation are largely unknown. Using perforated-patch electrophysiological techniques to maintain the intracellular milieu, we investigated how the activation of D1-type DA receptors regulates spike timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) of the medial perforant path (mPP) synapse onto dentate granule cells. When D1-type receptors were inhibited, a relatively mild STDP protocol induced LTP only within a very narrow timing window between presynaptic stimulation and postsynaptic response. The stimulus protocol produced timing-dependent LTP (tLTP) only when the presynaptic stimulation was followed 30 ms later by depolarization-induced postsynaptic action potentials. That is, the time between presynaptic stimulation and postsynaptic response was 30 ms (Δt= +30 ms). When D1-type receptors were activated, however, the same mild STDP protocol induced tLTP over a much broader timing window: tLTP was induced when −30 ms ≤ Δt≤ +30 ms. The result indicated that D1-type receptor activation enabled synaptic potentiation even when postsynaptic activity preceded presynaptic stimulation within this Δtrange. Results with null mice lacking the Kv4.2 potassium channel and with the potassium channel inhibitor, 4-aminopyridine, suggested that D1-type receptors enhanced tLTP induction by suppressing the transientIA-type K+current. Results obtained with antagonists and DA receptor knock-out mice indicated that endogenous activity of both D1 and D5 receptors modulated plasticity in the mPP. The DA D5 receptors appeared particularly important in regulating plasticity of the mPP onto the dentate granule cells.