bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fat Distribution Patterns and Future Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Yamazaki Hajime , Tauchi Shinichi , Machann Jürgen , Haueise Tobias , Yamamoto Yosuke , Dohke Mitsuru , Hanawa Nagisa , Kodama Yoshihisa , Katanuma Akio , Stefan Norbert , Fritsche Andreas , Birkenfeld Andreas L. , Wagner Róbert , Heni Martin
Published: June 2022

Fat accumulation in the liver, pancreas, skeletal muscle, and visceral bed relates to type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the distribution of fat among these compartments is heterogenous and whether specific distribution patterns indicate high T2D risk is unclear. We therefore investigated fat distribution patterns and their link to future T2D. From 2,168 individuals without diabetes who underwent computed tomography in Japan, this case-cohort study included 658 randomly selected individuals and 146 incident cases of T2D over 6 years of follow-up. Using data-driven analysis (k-means) based on fat content in the liver, pancreas, muscle, and visceral bed, we identified four fat distribution clusters: hepatic steatosis, pancreatic steatosis, trunk myosteatosis, and steatopenia. In comparisons with the steatopenia cluster, the adjusted hazard ratios for incident T2D were 4.02 (95% CI 2.27–7.12) for the hepatic steatosis cluster, 3.38 (1.65–6.91) for the pancreatic steatosis cluster, and 1.95 (1.07–3.54) for the trunk myosteatosis cluster. The clusters were replicated in 319 German individuals without diabetes who underwent MRI and metabolic phenotyping. The distribution of the glucose area under the curve across the four clusters found in Germany was similar to the distribution of T2D risk across the four clusters in Japan. Insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion differed across the four clusters. Thus, we identified patterns of fat distribution with different T2D risks presumably due to differences in insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion.
The Application of Landsat 8 OLI to Identification Shoreline Change in 2000 – 2020 in Muncar Sub-District, Banyuwangi, East Java
Authors: Janah Lutfiatul , Nugraha A Sediyo Adi , Yanti Restu Ade , Nuraini Lilis
Published: June 2022

The shoreline is a confluence between land and seawater used to determine the boundaries of a zone. This research was conducted on the coastline of Muncar Subdistrict, Banyuwangi, which aims to identify changes in the coastline of Muncar Subdistrict in 2000-2020 using Landsat image 8 OLI / TIRS, map the rate of changes in the coastline of Muncar Subdistrict in 2000 and 2020, and know the changes in the coastline in Muncar Subdistrict is more likely due to abrasion or accretion. The research methodology used for this study uses the NDVI analysis and the DSAS Shoreline analysis system. The identification takes 20 years with Landsat imaging in 2000 and 2020. The results of this study demonstrate that shoreline alterations are caused by abrasion, accretion and human activity. This change in shoreline results from abrasion and accretion factors. The coastline change in 2000-2020 in the subdistrict of Muncar can be concluded that there are six villages. These include the villages of Kumendung, Sumbersewu, Tembokrejo, Kedungrejo, Kedungwringin and Wringin Putih. However, the village most seriously affected by abrasion and accretion is Wringim Putih Village. The village of Wringin Putih reported that the level of abrasion and accretion could be considered 50 per cent abrasion and 50 per cent accretion. So the change in shoreline can result around the Muncar Subdistrict coastal area, such as reduced coastal areas, lost colonies, and damage to marine ecosystems
Exploring the perceptions and practices of pre-service Teachers for environmental consciousness in Punjab
Authors: Zeeshan Muhammad , Qureshi Naima
Published: June 2022

Present study aimed to assess the perceptions, beliefs and practices of pre-service teachers regarding environmental consciousness. It followed a survey research design to find out the frequencies/ percentages of the respondents. Accessible population of this research included the pre-service teachers of public sector teacher education universities of Punjab. A sample of 350 respondents was selected using a stratified sampling technique. An adapted questionnaire was used for getting the responses of pre-service teachers regarding their knowledge of environmental consciousness. The study concluded that inclusion of environmental education into syllabus and active role of teachers in environmental protection were the major perceptions of pre-service teachers. Similarly, major beliefs involved consciousness helps students explore relationship between environmental education and social issues, strict actions strict action against organization producing pollution and equal effect of environmental pollution on every individual. Female teachers were more involved in ensuring clean environment as compared to male pre-service teachers. It was recommended that policy makers should focus to include environmental education as an essential part of the curriculum of teacher education programs. Male teachers are required more to improve practices regarding environmental consciousness.
AIR QUALITY AND NOISE STUDY IN SETTLEMENTS AND METAL SCRAP MELTING FACTORY
Authors: Giantara Wahid , Tugiyono Tugiyono , Setiawan Agus , Susanto Gregorius Nugroho
Published: June 2022

Air is an important component for the survival of living things, especially humans. However, air quality has decreased due to pollution. The harmful elements that enter the atmosphere are Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Particulates (PM10), and Ozone (O3). Noise is defined as unwanted sound or sound so that it disturbs and endangers health. Sources of noise are divided into moving and stationary noise sources. The method used in this research is grab sampling by installing an air sampler impinger to capture particles or pollutants as well as taking noise data using a simple method with a Sound Level Meter with a reading every 5 seconds within 10 minutes for one measurement. The results showed that the air quality in residential and workspace areas was still within quality standards. The noise level in residential areas is still acceptable, but the noise level in the production room surpasses the acceptable limit.
ANATOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE STEM OF MANGO (Mangifera spp.) IN BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Syahputra M. Ramdan , Yulianty Yulianty , Lande Martha Lulus , Suratman Suratman
Published: June 2022

Mango is one of the most widely grown plants in Indonesia. The characteristic that distinguishes one type of mango from another is to observe its anatomy. Anatomical research on the mango branch has not been done much, especially in Bandar Lampung. The purpose of this study was to determine the diameter and pith radius of the mango (Mangifera spp.) branch in Bandar Lampung City. This research was carried out from January to April 2021 at the Botanical Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Lampung. This study uses a survey method with Simple Random Sampling in 20 sub-districts in Bandar Lampung City. Parameters measured included tracheal diameter, tracheal density, arrangement and type of pith radius, pith radius height, and pith radius width. Data analysis used descriptive analysis by explaining the data obtained in the form of tables and photos. The results showed that there were differences in the average size of the tracheal diameter, tracheal density, height, and width of pith radius of the five mango branch samples. The average diameter of the largest trachea is found in Golek and the smallest tracheal diameter is found in Kweni. The highest average tracheal density is found in Arumanis and the smallest tracheal density is found in Golek. The arrangement and type of pith radius of the fifth mango are uniseriate and heterocellular. The average height of the largest pith radius is owned by Indramayu and the smallest is owned by Golek. While the average width of the largest pith radius is owned by Golek and the smallest is owned by Gedong.
VIABILITY AND PRODUCTION CALCIFYING BACTERIAL ENDOSPORE ON SAND-CEMENT CARRIER
Authors: Devinta Apriliani , Zulaika Enny
Published: June 2022

Carbonatogenic bacteria have the ability to precipitate calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and many calcareous areas are found. Some of its species formed endosporas which resistant to harsh physical condition such as very alkaline pH. The objectives of this study were to obtain spore biomass and determine endosporas viability in tested carrier media such as sand-cement. The tested isolates were Bacillus JA1, JB3, SU1, AK4, Lysinibacillus JB2, and Sporosracina JA4. The production of endosporas was carried out on yeast urea broth with a temperature treatment of 70°C for 20 minutes. The formed endosporas were stored in carrier medium of sand, cement, and a mixture of cement sand. Spore viability was conducted using total plate count method. The results showed that all isolates were able to produce endosporas with the highest endosporas dry biomass is Bacillus AK4 which was 196 mg/L. After 2 hours of storage, endosporas were still able to grow by forming colonies on nutrient agar media.
PRODUCTION OF AMYLOCELLULOLYTIC ENZYMES AND THEIR VIABILITY ON CARRIER MEDIA BY Bacillus sp. U4 AND Pseudomonas sp. U3
Authors: Zulaika Enny , Khofifah Salma Shavira Rahma
Published: June 2022

Amylase and cellulase are enzymes that are amyocellulolytic. Both are extracellular enzymes that can degrade organic materials, namely starch and cellulose. The purpose of this study was to determine whether Bacillus sp. U4 and Pseudomonas sp. U3 could produce amylocellulolytic enzymes and determine their viability after being incubated for 2 hours on the husk, peat, and sawdust carrier media. Screening for the presence of amylase was carried out on a selective medium, namely nutrient agar-amylum 0.5 %, and cellulase on carboxymethyl cellulose-agar medium. Both isolates were inoculated into sawdust, husk, peat carrier media and incubated for 2 hours. Viability was observed using the total plate count method. Bacillus sp. U4 and Pseudomonas sp. U3 can produce amylase and cellulase. The best isolate viability after incubation for 2 hours was found in husk carrier media with 2.13 x 105 CFU/gr of husk media.
INDUCTION OF POLYPLOID BANANA KEPOK THROUGH IN VITRO ADDITION OF FLAME LILY EXTRACT
Authors: Ernawiati Eti , Chrisnawati Lili
Published: June 2022

Flame lily (Gloriosa superba L.) contains colchicine and gloriosin in almost all parts of the plant, especially in tubers and seeds. Colchicine is often used in biological and breeding studies to induce mutations that result in polyploid plants. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of flame lily tuber extract as a natural mutagen for the development of superior kepok banana cultivars through the in vitro assembly of polyploid kapok bananas. The study was arranged completely randomly with two factors. Factor 1 consisted of 3 levels, namely fresh extract of breech flower tubers (10 %), pure colchicine solution (0.1%) as a positive control, and without being added (0%) as a negative control. Factor 2 consists of 3 levels, namely Kepok Abu, Kepok Batu and Kepok Kuning. All treatment combinations were repeated 5 times. The data were analyzed by Diversity Test (Sidik Ragam) and if there is a difference, it will be continued with the DMRT test at a level of 5%. The results showed that the administration of colchicine in culture media could induce the emergence of polyploid banana plantlets when viewed from the addition of the size of the number of shoots, shoot length, number of roots, root length, leaf area, epidermal cells, stomata, and decreased stomata index. Meanwhile, 10% breech flower tuber extract was not able to induce the emergence of polyploid plantlets. Kepok Kuning bananas had a better response to mutagens than Kepok Abu and Kepok Batu. From these results, it can be concluded that 0.1% colchicine was able to induce polyploid banana plantlets and 10% breech flower tuber extract was not able to induce polyploid plantlets.
Design of Simple Acoustic Materials for High School Hall Using Software CATT
Authors: Prasetya Maria Christina
Published: June 2022

Good acoustic quality is essential to consider in designing a multipurpose room. Unfortunately, school halls usually have poor room acoustics. Lack of funds and lack of knowledge about acoustics cause the acoustic quality of the room to be very poor. The purpose of this research is to design a simple acoustic material application concept for a high school hall based on the Ministry of Education and Culture manual to meet the requirements for speech, music, and sports functions. Simple acoustic materials exist in everyday life, such as corrugated cardboard, cork, multiplex boards, newspapers, egg racks, and cloth. The research applied a simulation method using CATT v8 software. The parameters used to measure room acoustic quality were RT60, C-80, D-50, STI, EDT, and LF The simulation compared the hall's acoustic performance without and with the simple sound absorbers. The absorbers were applied to 39% of the walls and 55% ceilings. The absorbers reduced T-30 (500Hz) from 3.8 seconds to 1.5 seconds with an omni sound source and 1.3 seconds with speakers. The averaged Speech Transmission Index (STI) was improved from 38% to 60% with the omni sound source and from 43% to 65% with speakers.
Application of Artificial Intelligence in Digital Architecture to Identify Traditional Javanese Buildings
Authors: Winiarti Sri , Pramono Heri , Pranolo Andri
Published: June 2022

Traditional buildings have a cultural philosophy and characterize the culture of an area. The occurrence of environmental changes, population growth, and the growth of modern buildings impact traditional buildings. Therefore, preserving those traditional buildings is needed to avoid extinction and make as cultural assets. The research aims to develop an application to help architects quantitatively measure the content of traditional architectural styles in their designs. This study uses the Artificial Intelligence (AI) method to identify buildings' similarities, acquiring traditional building data in roofs and ornaments images as a dataset totaling 650 images of roofs and 7,180 ornaments. Data processing was carried out by making architectural models, training, testing accuracy, and creating application interfaces. The algorithm used to identify similarities between building types was the Convolutional Naural Network (CNN) and the Support Vector Machine (SVM). The results of the accuracy-test using the Confusion matrix method reached an accuracy value of 99.5% in identifying building similarities and 85% in classifying building types.
Influence of Circulation Patterns on The Visitor Distribution in A Shopping Mall Case Study Palembang Icon Shopping Center, Palembang City
Authors: Oktaviana Jessica , Anggraeni Dhita Wahyu
Published: June 2022

Physiological needs are the most basic human needs. Shopping is one of the measures to fulfill physiological needs, such as clothing, foods, and drinks. Most people prefer to shop in shopping centers as it is more convenient and secure due to its regular spatial pattern, forming a good circulation pattern for their visitors. Palembang Icon is a shopping center in Palembang, located on Jl. POM IX, Lorok Pakjo, Ilir Barat I District, Palembang City, South Sumatra which considered has a good circulation pattern. Palembang Icon has a mall circulation pattern, namely a linear circulation pattern, one lane intended so that all retailers get a strategic place and the circulation orientation becomes clear. This research discusses the Palembang Icon shopping center's circulation pattern and analyzes its influence on the distribution of visitors by using the space syntax method with simulation using the DepthMapX application. The result shows that the circulation space's shape is closed, and the configuration of the circulation path is entirely a linear circulation pattern.
COMPORTAMIENTO DE UN GRUPO DE MONOS ARAÑA ATELES HYBRIDUS EN UN FRAGMENTO DE BOSQUE EN LA RESERVA FORESTAL DE CAPARO, VENEZUELA EN TEMPORADA SECA
Authors: Aliaga-Samanez Alisa , Duque-Sandoval Diana , Iannacone José
Published: June 2022

El mono araña marrón (Ateles hybridus) es una especie de primate que está en peligro crítico de extinción que habita en Colombia y Venezuela. El objetivo fue caracterizar el patrón comportamental en temporada seca de un grupo de A. hybridus situado en un fragmento de bosque de la Reserva Forestal de Caparo, Venezuela. Para evaluar el comportamiento se empleó la metodología de animal focal con intervalos de 5 minutos. El grupo de estudio estuvo compuesto por 21 individuos. Se registraron seis tipos de actividades que la especie realizó durante el día y se obtuvo los siguientes porcentajes: descanso (42,88%), desplazamiento (33,02%), alimentación (16,05%), vocalización (3,66%), interacción social (3,6%) y otros (0,8%). Se obtuvo un mayor porcentaje de la actividad de descanso en machos respecto a las hembras, y un mayor porcentaje de las actividades de desplazamiento y alimentación en hembras, sin embargo las diferencias no fueron significativas para los distintos tipos de actividad entre ambos sexos. Se observó que la actividad de descanso fue aumentando a través de los meses; lo mismo sucedió con la alimentación y el movimiento aunque disminuyó el último mes. El grupo estudiado usó con mayor frecuencia dos de las cuatro zonas del fragmento de bosque para alimentarse y desplazarse, lo que puede deberse a la alta similitud de vegetación que existe entre ambas. Este estudio contribuye a conocer en mayor grado el comportamiento de esta especie en un fragmento de bosque.
CRECIMIENTO DE LIMNOBIUM LAEVIGATUM (HYDROCHARITACEAE) BAJO DIFERENTES CONDICIONES LUMÍNICAS
Authors: Aponte Héctor
Published: June 2022

Limnobium laevigatum (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Heine. es una planta acuática flotante que pertenece a la familia Hydrocharitaceae. Esta especie se caracteriza por tener un rápido crecimiento, y un alto contenido proteico en sus tejidos. Comprender su respuesta a situaciones de mayor o menor cantidad de luz es fundamental para optimizar su crecimiento, maximizando su productividad en condiciones de laboratorio y permitiendo obtener los mejores resultados en la producción de forrajes basados en la biomasa seca de esta especie. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue conocer la respuesta de L. laevigatum bajo diferentes condiciones lumínicas, utilizando para ello, tres tratamientos bajos condiciones de laboratorio (Tratamientos 1, 2 y 3 que equivalen al 100% de luz, 55% de luz y 8% de luz). Se realizaron 30 repeticiones por tratamiento en las que se contó el número de hojas, número de hojas cloróticas, número de rametos, peso, área ocupada, así como la tasa de crecimiento relativa (TCR) durante 28 días de experimentación. Los resultados muestran que el tratamiento 1 (100% de luz) tuvo parámetros de productividad (número de hojas, rametos, peso, área ocupada, así como la TCR) mayor que los otros dos tratamientos. La clorosis fue mayor en el tratamiento 3. En todos estos casos las diferencias fueron soportadas estadísticamente. Los resultados obtenidos nos muestran cómo las variaciones lumínicas dentro de un mismo ambiente, afectan el crecimiento de L. laevigatum. Se comparan las diferentes respuestas fisiológicas y la TCR obtenida en el presente estudio con las obtenidas en estudios previos y en otras plantas acuáticas.
DINÁMICA POBLACIONAL DE LAS AVES GUANERAS EN LA CAMPAÑA DE RECOLECCIÓN DE GUANO DE LA ISLA GUAÑAPE NORTE, PERÚ, 2007-2009 Y 2014
Authors: García Mary , Valverde Mariano , Iannacone José
Published: June 2022

Se analizó la dinámica poblacional de las aves guaneras en la isla Guañape Norte, Perú, donde se desarrolló la campaña de recolección de guano en los periodos 2007-2009 y 2014, determinándose la fluctuación poblacional y reproductiva de las aves guaneras antes, durante y después de la recolección de guano. El mayor avistamiento en el año 2007 fue de 643455 aves adultas y para el año 2014, fue de 1150389 aves, siendo el piquero (Sula variegata) el ave representativa de esta isla. El guanay (Phalacrocorax bougainvilliorum) mantuvo una presencia constante entre los años 2010 al 2014. La campaña de recolección del guano del 2007-2009 duró 20 meses y la del 2014 duró 6 meses. En los últimos cuatro años el período de reposo reproductivo de estas especies pasó de los meses de invierno a los meses de verano. La temperatura superficial del mar (TSM) entre los años 2007 al 2014 tuvo una tendencia al aumento. Una mayor TSM registró una menor reproducción en las aves guaneras. Al comparar la población aviar por especie en ausencia de reproducción y en reproducción encontramos que no hay diferencias significativas con la presencia de la campaña de recolección de guano. La campaña de recolección de guano realizada con un adecuado manejo no afecta significativamente a las poblaciones de aves guaneras.
REDESCUBRIENDO LA PRIMERA MONOGRAFÍA SOBRE LA ANATOMÍA DE LAS PLANTAS- ANATOME PLANTARUM (1675) DE MARCELLO MALPIGHI
Authors: Grigore Marius-Nicusor
Published: June 2022

Anatome Plantarum de Malpighi (1675) surge como un paso natural en el progreso de la biología de las plantas y en especial de la morfología y la anatomía vegetal. El libro está bien escrito y el lenguaje utilizado es generalmente exacto, salvo las limitaciones impuestas por el nivel del conocimiento en la época de Malpighi. Malpighi trata la planta como un sistema y reconoce que sus órganos trabajan de una manera sinérgica. Muchos de los términos utilizados hoy día en la morfología y anatomía vegetal moderna fueron ya empleados por Malpighi. El autor también introdujo en su obra muchas figuras relevantes para apoyar la información aportada, algunas derivadas de observaciones microscópicas. A pesar de los avances registrados desde entonces su obra debe ser considerada, en general, como una monografía moderna de anatomía de las plantas.
COLEÓPTEROS (INSECTA: COLEOPTERA) DEL CAMPUS DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE PIURA, PERÚ
Authors: Juárez N. Gino , González C. Uzbekia
Published: June 2022

Se actualizó el número de especies de coleópteros del campus de la Universidad de Piura, utilizando técnicas de colecta directa (colecta manual y red entomológica) e indirecta (trampas pitfall y trampas de luz). Se registraron en total 74 especies agrupadas 68 géneros y 24 familias. Las familias Coccinellidae y Tenebrionidae obtuvieron la mayor cantidad de especies y se cita al género Airora Reitter, 1876 (Familia Trogossitidae) como nuevo registro para el Perú.
WORD-FORMATION PROCESSES OF MEDICAL LEXICAL ITEMS IN THE JAKARTA POST’S ARTICLES
Authors: Nurmadani Afri Tamara
Published: June 2022

The understanding of medical lexical items needs to be improved in society to make people know and aware of their health issues in their daily life. This research focused on the morphology phenomenon, especially the word-formation process that happened in The Jakarta Post’s articles. This research aims to know the formation of medical lexical items that appear in the articles. The data was collected from The Jakarta Post’s articles, especially articles related to health topics. The data were classified into several types of word-formation based on the theory from Bauer (1983 2003), which supported by (Yule (2006). The researcher used a qualitative approach, specifically document analysis in analyzing the data. There are two questions in this research, which are (1) What word-formation processes of medical lexical items are involved in The Jakarta Post articles?, (2). How are the medical lexical items formed in The Jakarta Post articles?. Through this analysis, it was found eight types of word-formation which were involved in the articles related to health. It was found 165 lexical items in 11 articles. They are 10.9% for compounding, 47.3% for derivation, 3.0 % for blending, 7.3% for abbreviation and acronym, 12.1% for borrowing, 17.0% for inflection, 0,6% for back-formation, and 1.8% is clipping. The researcher hopes that it can help people to understand more about medical lexical items and the word-formation process.
Gratitude in Foreign Language Learning
Authors: Dawala Wilang Jeffrey
Published: June 2022

Studies on positive emotions in language learning have increased over the years. However, gratitude, a moral virtue, which may have a novel effect in learning a foreign language, remains underexplored in applied linguistics. This paper aims to know the antecedents of gratitude and its constructs in English as a foreign language context. Nineteen antecedents of gratitude were generated to create a survey questionnaire called Foreign Language Gratitude Scale, a 4-point Likert rating scale. An open-ended question was also added to gain qualitative data. Convenience sampling was used to collect data from 240 undergraduate students. Descriptive statistics results showed that the participants were very grateful in all situations in the survey, specifically for their improved outputs and the corrections initiated by their teachers. Further, principal component analysis was used to explore the underlying dimensions of gratitude. Two factors were elicited – positive reinforcement and language practice. The first factor includes the following grateful situations: encouraging students to do better, appreciating students’ output, correcting students’ mistakes, using media resources in learning, sharing practical knowledge, providing examples and practices, treating students equally, encouraging language activities, and managing classroom effectively. The grateful situations in the second factor are having fluent English speakers, doing productive activities, providing opportunities, sharing ideas, and having a better output. Other factors coded from the qualitative data include promoting collaborative work, gaining comprehension and knowledge, language success, encouraging productive activities, the teacher acts, and designing out-of-class activities. Finally, implications of results and suggestions for future studies were presented.
The Positive Effect of Translation on Improving Reading Comprehension among Female Arabic Learners of English as Foreign Language
Authors: Alaboud Amal
Published: June 2022

Translation has been one of the most commonly used strategies in learning an additional language. Although there is not a consensus on the usefulness of translation as a language learning strategy, the relevant literature indicated that it could contribute to the learning process when used purposefully and meaningfully. The present study aimed to explore the role of translation in supporting the language learning process by adopting an experimental design to reveal whether engaging in translation practice could improve participants’ skills in reading comprehension. In this scope, 30 female students at Taif University in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia were randomly assigned to the experimental group and received an intervention by translating reading passages before carrying out comprehension tasks. On the other hand, the 28 female students in the control group practiced reading comprehension without completing a translation task before the comprehension activities. An independent samples t-test was used to measure the extent to which the two groups differed from each other in terms of their reading comprehension skills before and after the intervention. The results of the independent samples t-tests demonstrated that the experimental group scored significantly higher than the control group at the end of the intervention, although there was not a statistically significant difference between the two groups at the outset. The results suggested that translation could be an effective instructional strategy in improving learners’ skills in reading comprehension in an EFL setting.
Ensino, aprendizagem, práticas pedagógicas e inovação educacional: tecendo diálogos
Authors: Ceron Trevisol Maria Teresa , Bordignon Lorita Helena Campanholo
Published: June 2022

Este texto objetiva retomar reflexões relacionadas aos pressupostos epistemológicos, teóricos e pedagógicos do processo de ensino e de aprendizagem em contextos em que se busca construir perspectivas educacionais inovadoras frente a tantos desafios que se apresentam para a educação. De cunho bibliográfico reflexivo, aborda aspectos do ensino, aprendizagem e práticas pedagógicas, além de aspectos relacionados à inovação educacional. Os estudos e a análise realizados permitiram evidenciar que o ensino e a aprendizagem são processos desenvolvidos ao longo da vida, respaldados por pressupostos epistemológicos e pedagógicos. Faz-se necessário buscar superar algumas lacunas de cunho diretivo/tradicional que ainda se fazem presentes nas práticas pedagógicas. Sabe-se que esse movimento de mudança de paradigma educacional perspectivado pela inovação pedagógica não é pacífico e linear; mas marcado por tensões, avanços, retrocessos e desafios – como, por exemplo, o ensino remoto no contexto da pandemia. Evidencia-se que a efetividade de mudança de paradigma não se dá apenas pela imposição de leis ou documentos oficiais; requer, antes, protagonismo, participação, autonomia e cooperação dos professores, pois é um processo em construção; um caminho que se faz caminhando.
The role of a recently discovered peptide—irisin—in physiological and pathological processes
Authors: Bagłaj-Oleszczuk Marta , Jankowska-Konsur Alina
Published: June 2022

Irisin, a cleaved fragment of fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5), was originally described as a factor stimulating browning of white adipose tissue, produced during physical exercise by skeletal muscles. However, irisin is not only a new and promising biomarker of metabolism; its expression has been found in a wide variety of tissues and organs such as the peripheral nerves, stomach, pancreas, and skin, and recent data also indicate its role in cancer. Numerous studies focus on the protective role of this protein, which could become an important factor in predicting disease risk, disease prognosis, or possible metastases in cancer patients. Possible use of irisin in therapy is also worth considering. The aim of this paper is to systematize knowledge on the role of irisin in patients and to draw attention to its role in skin diseases including acne vulgaris, psoriasis vulgaris, and hidradenitis suppurativa.
Sizes of Soil Chip Cut By a Continuously Operating Planting Hole Digging Machine with an Active Tillage Unit
Authors: Beloev Hristo , Long Nguyen Duc , Nhu Dau The , That Nguyen Duc
Published: June 2022

Planting hole digging is a minimal tillage method, which is beneficial in terms of reducing energy consumption and preventing erosion. Current popular planting hole diggers work intermittently, which results in low productivity. A continuous-operating hole digging machine with an active tillage unit can solve this issue. However, the theoretical basis for this type of digger has not yet been developed; this is also true for the issue of determining the chip thickness – one of the main technical characteristics which significantly influences energy and agrotechnical indicators of active soil tillage. This paper presents research results of determining the soil chip cut thicknesses and observing of new cutting surface under a continuous operation of hole digging machine with an active tillage unit. At the same time, impacts of factors such as the number of knives and the kinematic factor on soil chip sizes are studied. The soil chip size determination and investigation of influence of kinematic and structural parameters on it is conducted via numerical simulation using MATLAB software. The key factors include kinematic factor λf and the number of knives on one cross-section of the tiller’s rotor Z. When λf and Z increase, the maximum average thicknesses decrease gradually; and vice versa, the new specific cutting surface decreases almost linearly. The results are considered a basis for the selection of final parameters for the construction and operation of one machine to meet agronomic requirements.
Analysis of Selected Data from Robotic Milking Regarding to Heat Stress of Dairy Cows
Authors: Boďo Štefan , Lüttmerding Gabriel , Gálik Roman , Kunc Petr , Knížková Ivana , Gürdil Gürkan Alp Kagan
Published: June 2022

The paper presented is dedicated to investigation of the temperature-humidity index (THI) and its impacts on the performance parameters of dairy cattle. These parameters were recorded at four farms in the central Slovakia; the experiments took place three years. These parameters comprised milking time, time spent in the milking box, and connection time. The THI was calculated according to the standard formula and individual periods were established on the basis of achieved THI values. The results showed that the milking time and the time spent in the milking box were not reduced when the THI ranged from 68 to 71, with a daily milk yield of 28.96 kg. If the THI exceeded 72, the milking time and the time spent in the milking box were shortened, which was statistically confirmed. However, even with a daily milk yield of 31.27 kg, a reduction in the milking time and time spent in the milking box was reduced. This was caused by the THI higher than 68, which was also statistically confirmed. Based on the results obtained, the dairy cows respond to heat stress by reducing the milking time and reducing time spent in the milking box.
Preparation and physico-chemical study of fire retardant from chicken feathers and PP/PE composites
Authors: Mohammed Aliyu Danmusa , Alhassan Yusuf Rashidat
Published: June 2022

Chicken feathers were used to reinforce low density polyethylene (LDPE) and polypropylene (PP). The physico-mechanical and flame retardation properties of the composites were investigated. Properties such as tensile strength, elongation at break, flexural strength, and modulus as well as water absorbency were determined and the results obtained were analyzed. The composites were further characterized by SEM and FTIR analyses to study the surface morphology and evidence of composite formation respectively. The Young modulus of reinforced composites were greater than that of virgin samples. The fiber/Polypropylene samples were observed to have the highest value of Young modulus, with a value of 133.33 GPa, and tensile strength value of 16.93 MPa. TGA and flame retardant tests were carried out to investigate the flame propagation and thermal properties of the composites. The results showed that the mechanical properties of composites from polypropylene were better enhanced than those from the composites of polyethylene, with an overall increase in mechanical properties when compared to the virgin polymers used. From the TGA and flame retardant test, it was observed that the more the fiber load the more the formation of char layers in the samples, hence retards the flame formation and reduced prolonged burning and flame propagation.
Physico-chemical and sensory quality of pasteurized apple juices extracted by blender and cold pressing juicer
Authors: Ghinea Cristina , Prisacaru Ancuta Elena , Leahu Ana
Published: June 2022

Worldwide, one of the most consumed fruit juices is apple juice, preferred by both adults and children due to its authentic taste, but also due to its nutritional and health benefits. Apple juice contains sugars, malic acid, soluble pectin, vitamin C, phytochemicals and minerals. The production process influences the juice composition. There is a growing market for natural cloudy apple juice, even though fruit juice is mostly consumed as clear juice. The aim of this study was to obtain cloudy apple juice by using a blender and a cold pressing juicer for extraction and to evaluate their physico-chemical and sensory qualities. The apple juice samples were obtained from three different apple cultivars: “Gala”, “Braeburn” and “Golden Delicious”. After extraction, apple juice samples were pasteurized and cooled. In this study, physico-chemical analyzes (like moisture, water activity, pH, titratable acidity, total soluble solids, electrical conductivity, color parameters) were performed immediately after processing and at 7, 14, 21 days of storage at room temperature. The results showed that the investigated parameters of the apple juice samples varied differently depending on both the apple cultivar and the processing method used. Sensory analysis showed that certain types of apples can be suitable for extracting juice using a blender (“Golden Delicious”), while others such as “Gala” apples can be used to obtain juice by cold pressing.
Riemann-Roch theorem and Kodaira-Serre duality
Authors: Lesfari A.
Published: June 2022

The Riemann-Roch theorem is of utmost importance and a vital tool to the fields of complex analysis and algebraic geometry, specifically in the algebraic geometric theory of compact Riemann surfaces. It tells us how many linearly independent meromorphic functions there are having certain restrictions on their poles. The aim of this paper is to give two proofs of this important theorem and explore some of its numerous consequences. As an application, we compute the genus of some interesting algebraic curves or Riemann surfaces.
Generalizations of Libera integral operator for analytic functions
Authors: Yavuz Emel , Güney H. Özlem , Owa Shigeyoshi
Published: June 2022

Let 𝒜
p
be the class of functions f of the form

f

(
z
)

=

z

p

+

a

p
+
1

z

p
+
1

+

a

p
+
2

z

p
+
2

+
⋯

f\left( z \right) = {z^p} + {a_{p + 1}}{z^{p + 1}} + {a_{p + 2}}{z^{p + 2}} + \cdots

that are analytic in the open unit disk 𝕌. For f ∈ 𝒜
p
, new integral and differential operator
nf is considered. The object of the present paper is to discuss some interesting properties of
nf and to consider some examples for our results.
Consequences of the rs6265 (Val66Met) polymorphism in the BDNF gene in selected mental disorders and sport
Authors: Strońska Aleksandra , Boroń Agnieszka , Grzywacz Anna
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a polypeptide of 247 amino acid residues and is widely distributed throughout the central nervous system of the CNS. It plays an important role in the survival, differentiation, growth, and development of neurons in the central nervous system. The human BDNF gene is located on chromosome 11 in the p13-14 region and covers approximately 70 kb. The gene has a complex structure as it consists of 11 exons (I-IX, plus Vh and VIIIh) and nine functional promoters. BDNF expression in the brain is relatively low but it is found in most major regions of the brain.

Material and methods: The gene encoding the brain-derived neurotrophic factor BDNF has many polymorphisms, but one of them mainly attracts the attention of researchers. This is a common, non-conservative polymorphism - rs6265 - a single nucleotide SNP polymorphism that results in an amino acid change – valine (Val) to methionine (Met) - at codon 66.

Results: Polymorphism rs6265 is associated with many neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression or a higher risk of addiction, but it also determines other features, such as e.g. sports performance. Few studies are investigating the relationship between rs6265 polymorphism and predisposition to play sports.

Conclusions: The results on the effect of rs6265 BDNF polymorphic variants on the risk of depression and addition are inconsistent, indicating a significant association in some studies and none in others. Therefore, more studies are needed to determine how rs6265 affects gene expression and function.
An International Analysis of Consumers’ Consciousness During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Slovakia and Hungary
Authors: Machová Renáta , Korcsmáros Enikő , Marča Roland , Esseová Monika
Published: June 2022

Research background: Due to the rapid spread of the COVID-19 virus and its pernicious effects on the economy, a great change can be observed in consumer attitudes towards shopping. Needless to say, the demand for necessities comes to the fore, and consumers need to face a lot of hindrances when it comes to the decision-making process. It should be emphasised that consumers have responsibilities and rights. One can legitimately raise the question. Are they familiar with either of the aforementioned facts?

Purpose: The main objective of the research is to analyse whether an increasing level of educational attainment affects consumer awareness in Hungary and Slovakia. Moreover, the paper investigates whether there are any significant differences in age groups regarding consumer awareness. Finally, the paper investigates whether there are any statistically significant interactions between the respondents’ gender, employment status and conscious saving attitudes.

Research methodology: Kendall’s tau-b correlation, the rank-based nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis H test, and the Loglinear analysis were used to examine the formulated hypotheses.

Results: It can be declared for both countries that an increasing level of educational attainment strongly affects consumers’ awareness. Furthermore, three major differences can be noticed in various age groups in the case of Hungary.

Novelty: Education and age affect consumers’ awareness, whilst gender and employment status affect saving attitudes.
An Exploratory Study on Preparers’ Perception of ESEF Reporting: Evidence from the Warsaw Stock Exchange
Authors: Miścikowska Daria
Published: June 2022

Research background: This paper focuses on the preparers’ opinion on reporting in the European Single Electronic Format (ESEF).

Purpose: The goal of the paper is to examine the preparers’ perception of adopting Inline XBRL as a fundamental technology to report annual consolidated financial statements under International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) within the ESEF framework.

Research methodology: In the present work, Poland was considered as a case study. Using the survey, we obtained evidence from 25 issuers of securities listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange, whose financial reports were complied with IFRS.

Results: The questionnaires were completed in the majority by issuers with no previous experience in XBRL utilisation. One of the more significant findings to emerge from this study is that respondents could not be able to judge the appropriateness of Inline XBRL selection as a digital reporting format, or they disagreed with it. Furthermore, over half of them saw no need to extend this technology to other business reports, including non-financial reporting.

Novelty: The paper can offer valuable pre-insights into preparers’ perception of introducing Inline XBRL in the context of ESEF reporting and ensure initial feedback to the policy-makers responsible for ongoing and forthcoming digital reporting standards initiatives in the European Union.
The Intensity of Perception of Selected Personnel Risk Factors in the V4 Countries
Authors: Rozsa Zoltan , Belas Jaroslav , Metzker Zdenko , Klementová Iva
Published: June 2022

Research background:The intensity of the personnel risk perception in SMEs is a crucial factor contributing to the application of risk management practices.

Purpose:The objective of the study is to identify the intensity of perception of personnel risks and their manifestation in the form of staff turnover, error rate, and employee effort to improve their performance in SMEs in the V4 countries.

Research methodology:The 1,585 companies in the V4 countries were randomly selected and surveyed. The descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficient (Chi-square and Z-score) were used for hypotheses verification.

Results:The results show heterogeneity in the perception of personal risks in the V4 countries. Compared to the Czech Republic, the intensity of perception of personal risks differs in Hungary and Slovakia (p-value < 0.0001/0.0404). However, the perception of employee turnover is different in Hungary (p-value = 0.0078), but not in Slovakia and Poland (p-value = 0.5218/0.4268). Perceptions of employee skills differ in Hungary (p-value = 0.0253), while the differences in Slovakia and Poland are not statistically significant (p-value = 0.1104/0.2414). Performance improvement and competitiveness in the workplace differ in Slovakia and Hungary (p-value = 0.0134/<0.0001).

Novelty:The study fills in the gap in the area of perceived personnel risks and their manifestations and provides valuable proposals for taking measures concerning the limitations of SMEs.
Analyzing the Effects of Food Imports on Food Production and Balance of Payments in Nigeria
Authors: Ugwu Ephraim , Efuntade Olubunmi , Ehinomen Christopher
Published: June 2022

Research background: Past measures to increase food production in Nigeria, were not effective enough to curb food imports and increase food production thus leading to a deficit balance of payment for the country and a total neglect of the agricultural sector.

Purpose: This study analyzes the effects of food imports on food production and Balance of Payments (BOP) in Nigeria from 1960 to 2020.

Research methodology: The Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bound cointegration test procedure is utilized.

Results: The empirical results show that food imports adversely affect food production both in the long and the short run. While for the BOP equations, food importation positively affected the country’s balance of payments in the long run. The short run error-correction term coefficients are signed negatively for both the food production and BOP equations. The results show that the gap between the equilibrium values and the actual value of the dependent variables are corrected with speed of adjustment equal to 40% and 85% annually. The stability test result on the food production equation showed that the null hypothesis of no stable residuals in both the short and long run are rejected, while the estimated model is not effective with stable recursive residuals for the BOP equation.

Novelty: The study therefore recommends that efforts should be geared towards boosting the country’s food production by encouraging foreign investors’ participation in the agricultural sector.
Hot Water Tuber Treatments for Management of Meloidogyne arenaria in Caladium Cultivars
Authors: Gu Mengyi , Hartman Robert D. , Desaeger Johan A.
Published: June 2022

Hot water treatment was evaluated for its efficacy in controlling Meloidogyne arenaria on caladium. Caladium tubers pre-infested with M. arenaria were immersed in hot water at 50°C for 0 min, 30 min, and 45 min before being planted into 16.5-cm pots filled with sterilized sandy soil. Two caladium cultivars Florida Sweetheart PP 8526 (SWT) and Postman Joyner (PJR), each with three tuber sizes [#3 (<1.5 inch), #1 (1.5–2.5 inch), and Jumbo (>2.5 inch)], were evaluated. Ninety days after the first shoot observation, the number of nematode eggs in roots and second-stage juveniles in soil were significantly reduced, but not eliminated, in both 30 min and 45 min treatments; the 45 min treatment had better results than the 30 min treatment. The efficacy of hot water treatment was affected by caladium cultivar, but not by tuber size. The treated PJR tubers had lower nematode numbers than those of the cultivar SWT. The difference in nematode number between the two caladium cultivars might be related to the morphological characteristics of caladium tubers, as the scale-like tissue on SWT tubers might provide refuge for root-knot nematodes from heat damage. Further research needs to be conducted on determining heat-tolerant thresholds for different Meloidogyne spp. and different caladium cultivars, which will help improve nematode management strategies for caladium growers.