bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
»ALI NE VIDIŠ, DA GORIM?« SOCIOLOŠKA SKICA
Authors: Rener Tanja
Published: January 2025

Avtorica se v članku sprašuje, ali je v zadnjega pol stoletja sociologija napredovala ali ne; ali je bolje odgovarjala na temeljna sociološka vprašanja in ali
morda slednja niso bila ustrezno postavljena. Videti je, da so napredovale
posamezne nosilne paradigme sociološke vede, med katerimi pa doslej ni bilo
veliko povezav. Z metaforo »goreče hiše sociologije«, s katero avtorica označuje sodobna družbena dogajanja, je potreba po preseganju paradigmatskih in
tudi disciplinarnih omejitev vse bolj očitna. Kar potrebujemo, pravi, je dejavno,
kritično, profesionalno družboslovje, ki bo postavljalo ustrezna vprašanja in
odgovore umeščalo v utopistike demokratičnega egalitarizma.
Drivers of the spatiotemporal distribution of dissolved nitrous oxide and air-sea exchange in a coastal Mediterranean area
Authors: Flecha Susana , de la Paz Mercedes , Fernández Pérez Fiz , Marbà Núria , Morell Carlos , Alou-Font Eva , Tintoré Joaquín , Hendriks Iris E.
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Among the well-known greenhouse gases (GHG), nitrous oxide (N₂O) is the third most impactful, possessing a global warming potential approximately 300 times greater than carbon dioxide (CO₂) over a century. The distribution of N₂O from aquatic environments exhibits notable spatial and temporal variations, and emissions still remain inadequately constrained and underrepresented in global N₂O emission inventories, particularly from coastal zones. This study focuses on the N₂O levels and air-sea fluxes in the Balearic Islands Archipelago coastal waters in the Western Mediterranean Basin. Data were gathered between 2018 and 2023 at three coastal monitoring stations: two in the highly inhabited island of Mallorca and the third in the well-preserved National Park of the Cabrera Archipelago. Seawater N₂O concentrations varied from 6.5 to 9.9 nM, with no significant differences detected across the sites. The average air-sea fluxes were estimated to range from -0.3 to 0.6 μmol m⁻² d⁻¹, indicating that the study areas generally functioned as weak N₂O sources. A consistent seasonal pattern was noted over the study period. Machine learning analysis indicated that seawater temperature was the primary factor influencing N₂O concentrations, with lesser contributions from chlorophyll levels and salinity.
Radial growth of Picea abies is controlled by joint effects of temperature and nutrient availability at the lower part of treeline ecotone
Authors: Kuzelova Hana , Chuman Tomas , Lange Jelena , Tumajer Jan , Treml Vaclav
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Treeline ecotones in complex mountain landscapes are exposed to pronounced differences in irradiation and soil nutrient availability. Different amounts of nutrients and direct solar energy can influence tree stem growth resulting in variation of growth rates and growth phenology across lower parts of treeline ecotone. We hypothesized that at two contrasting sites located on north and south-facing slopes, differences in nutrient availability outperform temperature differences in modulating stem growth rates while growth phenology is driven by the course of seasonal temperature. To test this hypothesis, we compared the growth phenology and kinetics of Picea abies in the lower part of treeline ecotone between a north-facing slope with relatively nutrient-rich soils and a south-facing slope with nutrient-poor soils. We analysed intra-annual wood formation and its response to ambient climate, as well as soil and air microclimate and soil and needle nutrient content. Our results showed that thermal differences in treeline ecotones between south and north-facing slopes in temperate mountains are small but nontrivial involving higher daytime temperatures at south-facing slopes and longer irradiation of north-facing slopes during the middle part of growing season. The timing of growth onset and maximum growth rate were almost identical on both slopes. Accordingly, annual stem growth at both sites was most sensitive to the meteorological conditions at the start of the growing season and around the summer solstice. However, the absolute growth rate was higher on the north-facing slope, consistent with a higher availability and content of base cations in the soil and the needles. Our results suggest that temperature governs growth phenology at the lower part of the treeline ecotone, but nutrient availability modulates the growth rate in the peak season when temperature no longer limits cambial activity. We conclude that the effect of nutrient availability can be superior to the effect of slope aspect for stem growth rates of Picea abies located in the lower part of treeline ecotone in temperate mountain range.
Heavy-tailed flood peak distributions: what is the effect of the spatial variability of rainfall and runoff generation?
Authors: Macdonald Elena , Merz Bruno , Nguyen Viet Dung , Vorogushyn Sergiy
Published: January 2025

Abstract. The statistical distributions of observed flood peaks often show heavy-tailed behaviour, meaning that extreme floods are more likely to occur than for distributions with an exponentially receding tail. Falsely assuming light-tailed behaviour can lead to an underestimation of extreme floods. Robust estimation of the tail is often hindered due to the limited length of time series. Therefore, a better understanding of the processes controlling the tail behaviour is required. Here, we analyse how the spatial variability of rainfall and runoff generation affects the flood peak tail behaviour in catchments of various sizes. This is done using a model chain consisting of a stochastic weather generator, a conceptual rainfall-runoff model, and a river routing routine. For a large synthetic catchment, long time series of daily rainfall with varying tail behaviours and varying degrees of spatial variability are generated and used as input for the rainfall-runoff model. In this model, the spatial variability and mean depth of a sub-surface storage capacity are varied, affecting how locally or widely saturation excess runoff is triggered. Tail behaviour is characterized by the shape parameter of the generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution. Our analysis shows that smaller catchments tend to have heavier tails than larger catchments. For large catchments especially, the GEV shape parameter of flood peak distributions was found to decrease with increasing spatial rainfall variability. This is most likely linked to attenuating effects in large catchments. No clear effect of the spatial variability of the runoff generation on the tail behaviour was found.
How much water vapour does the Tibetan Plateau release into the atmosphere?
Authors: Zheng Chaolei , Jia Li , Hu Guangcheng , Menenti Massimo , Timmermans Joris
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Water vapour flux, expressed as evapotranspiration (ET), is critical for understanding the earth climate system and the complex heat–water exchange mechanisms between the land surface and the atmosphere in the high-altitude Tibetan Plateau (TP) region. However, the performance of ET products over the TP has not been adequately assessed, and there is still considerable uncertainty in the magnitude and spatial variability in the water vapour released from the TP into the atmosphere. In this study, we evaluated 22 ET products in the TP against in situ observations and basin-scale water balance estimations. This study also evaluated the spatiotemporal variability of the total vapour flux and of its components to clarify the vapour flux magnitude and variability in the TP. The results showed that the remote sensing high-resolution global ET data from ETMonitor and PMLV2 had a high accuracy, with overall better accuracy than other global and regional ET data with fine spatial resolution (∼ 1 km), when comparing with in situ observations. When compared with water balance estimates of ET at the basin scale, ETMonitor and PMLV2 at finer spatial resolution and GLEAM and TerraClimate at coarse spatial resolution showed good agreement. Different products showed different patterns of spatiotemporal variability, with large differences in the central to western TP. The multi-year and multi-product mean ET in the TP was 333.1 mm yr−1, with a standard deviation of 38.3 mm yr−1. The ET components (i.e. plant transpiration, soil evaporation, canopy rainfall interception evaporation, open-water evaporation, and snow/ice sublimation) available from some products were also compared, and the contribution of these components to total ET varied considerably, even in cases where the total ET from different products was similar. Soil evaporation accounts for most of the total ET in the TP, followed by plant transpiration and canopy rainfall interception evaporation, while the contributions from open-water evaporation and snow/ice sublimation cannot be negligible.
Origin of the Bohai Sea Basin, North China Craton, and implications for bidirectional back-arc extension in the East Asian continental margin
Authors: Chen Alan Liu , Chen Xuanhua
Published: January 2025

Abstract. The Bohai Sea Basin in eastern China is located in a back-arc extensional regime due to northwestward subduction of the Philippine Sea Plate and westward subduction of the Pacific Plate underneath the Eurasian Plate. The Bohai Sea Basin and surrounding region experience frequent earthquakes. Previous recognition of the origin of the Bohai Sea Basin was limited by the understanding of the back-arc extensional mode perpendicular to the subduction zone in the eastern Asian continental margin. In this paper, a new model for the genesis of the Bohai Sea Basin is proposed based on the construction of a major fault system and investigation of several main boundaries enclosing the Bohai Sea Basin. We have made field investigations and analyses of tectonic landforms and boundary faults on the northwest coast of the Bohai Sea and eastern and western margins of the Liaodong Peninsula, which revealed left-lateral strike-slip faults along the northwest coast of the Liaodong Bay and western margin of the Liaodong Peninsula. Then, we conducted a geological comparison of the Liaodong and Jiaodong Blocks and surrounding areas, as well as a structural interpretation of an aeromagnetic anomaly map of this region. We propose a right-lateral strike-slip fault between the eastern margin of the Liaodong Block and northwestern margin of the Jiaodong Block. This mode of movement may have resulted from the NE stretching, which is parallel to the subduction zone in the northwestern Pacific margin. Therefore, we suggest that the formation of the Bohai Sea Basin resulted from trench-parallel and trench-perpendicular extension. We speculate that the two-direction extension perpendicular and parallel to the subduction zone should be the basic pattern of the back-arc extension with a spherical geometric effect.
Parking, travel behavior, and working from home
Authors: Ding Hao , Manville Michael
Published: January 2025

We examine parking policy’s potential to influence people’s travel behavior, including their decision to work from home. Drawing on the California Household Travel Survey, we first show that most households have residential parking included in the rent or purchase price of their home, that most employed individuals have free parking at work, and most vehicle trips end with a free parking space, usually off-street. Furthermore, we confirm that most cars are mostly parked; the median household vehicle in California spends 23 hours a day parked. Using regression models, we uncover strong associations between choosing to drive and having free parking at work or home. We find that households with bundled parking are more likely to drive, and less likely to use transit. We further find that employees with free parking at work are more likely to drive for their commutes. Finally, we estimate regressions that analyze the decision to work from home. Data constraints make these regressions less conclusive, but our results suggest, consistent with previous literature, that working from home is associated with more, rather than less, vehicle travel.
THE EFFECT OF SOWING DATES ON THE YIELD OF SPRING SOFT WHEAT
Authors:   «A.Barayev Scientific and Production center of grain farming»Shortandy region, Kazakhstan, Kurbanbayev A.I. , Baitelenova A.A. ,   «S.Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University», Astana city, Kazakhstan, Stybayev G.Zh. ,   «S.Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University», Astana city, Kazakhstan, Mukhanov N.K. ,   «S.Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University», Astana city, Kazakhstan, Kabdylov R.E. ,   «A.Barayev Scientific and Production center of grain farming»Shortandy region, Kazakhstan
Published: January 2025

Мақалада Ақмола облысының карбонатты қара топырақ жағдайында климаттық өзгерістерге байланысты жаздық жұмсақ бидай дақылының өнімділігіне себу мерзімінің әсері келтірілген. Солтүстік Қазақстанның су ресурстары шектеулі аймақтарында себу мерзімін дұрыс жоспарлау және алынатын өнімге топырақтағы ылғалды тиімді пайдалану қажеттілігін атай отырып, негізгі әсер етуші факторлардың үш жылдық орташа мәліметтері келтірілген. Зерттеу жылдары гидротермиялық коэффициенттің есептеулері 2021 және 2023 жылдары метеорологиялық жағдайларын өте құрғақ (ГТК = 0,43-0,41), ал, 2022 жылы құрғақ (ГТК = 0,8) деп сипатталды. Зерттеу жүргізілген үш жылдық орташа мәліметтер бойынша ең көп өнімді ылғалдың қоры 10 және 15 мамырда болса, ал ең азы 4 маусымда байқалды. Бидайдың вегетациялық пісіп-жетілу кезеңі 2021-2022 жылдары 95-90- күн болса, ал жаздың күрт құрғақ болуының салдарынан 2023 жылы вегетациялық кезеңі 83-85- күнге дейін қысқарған. 2021-2023 жж. зерттеу нәтижелеріне сүйене отырып, жаздық жұмсақ бидайдың ең жоғары өнімділік көрсеткіштері (16,5-16,9 ц/га) 5-20 мамыр аралығы оңтайлы себу мерзімі болып табылды. Ал, ең төмен өнімділік көрсеткіші 4 маусымда себілген мерзімде (13,4 ц/га) болды.
IRRIGATION REGIME OF VEGETABLE CROPS WITH SELF-PRESSURE DRIP IRRIGATION METHOD IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE KYZYLORDA REGION
Authors:   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Kyzylorda city, Kazakhstan, Kopen M.B. , Shomantaev A.A. ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Kyzylorda city, Kazakhstan, Otarbaev B.S. ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Kyzylorda city, Kazakhstan
Published: January 2025

Республика Казахстан относится к числу самых маловодообеспеченных стран мира. Половина водных ресурсов формируется за пределами страны. По данным всемирного банка к 2030 году объемы водных ресурсов нашей страны сократятся на 15% и станет одной из главных угроз национальной безопасности страны. Казахстан сталкивается с нарастающим дефицитом водных ресурсов из-за изменения климата, неэффективного управления водными ресурсами и применением устаревших технологий орошения в сельском хозяйстве. Поэтому, очень важно внедрения инновационных технологий в области водосбережения, как капельное и внутрипочвенное орошение сельскохозяйственных культур, использования датчиков влажности почвы, цифровое управление водными ресурсами и внедрение засухоустойчивых и солеустойчивых сортов сельскохозяйственных культур.
Отечественные и зарубежные ученые считают, что для решения проблемы дефицита воды необходим комплексный подход, который включал бы в себе совершенствование законодательства, развитие научных исследований, инвестиции в инфраструктуру, повышение осведомленности населения и сотрудничество между государствами, наукой и бизнесом. Здесь ученые играют ключевую роль в разработке и внедрении новых технологий, в мониторинге состояния водных ресурсов и прогнозирования возможных рисков.
В связи с дефицитом поливной воды сельхозтоваропроизводители региона с большим трудом осваивают посевные площади сельскохозяйственных культур, особенно овоще-бахчевых. Учитывая нехватку оросительной воды, все чаще стали применять систему капельного орошения
POLITIK HUKUM PEMERINTAH INDONESIA TERKAIT UPAYA PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP ANAK KORBAN TINDAK PIDANA FOREIGN TERRORIST FIGHTERS
Authors: Afif Abrar , Miharja Marjan
Published: January 2025

Kekalahan ISIS (Negara Islam Irak dan Suriah) atas Pasukan Demokrat Suriah (SDF) yang didukung oleh Amerika Serikat menimbulkan sejumlah polemik, salah satunya terkait dengan pemulangan eks ISIS atau Foreign Terrorist Fighters (FTF). Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (PBB) telah mengeluarkan official letters agar setiap negara memulangkan warga negaranya yang berada di kamp-kamp pengungsian Suriah. Namun, setiap negara merespon permasalahan ini dengan cara yang berbeda-beda pula. Menurut data, terdapat 553 orang WNI eks ISIS yang masih berada di tempat pengungsian yang diantaranya terdapat anak-anak. Pemerintah Indonesia saat ini hanya mempertimbangkan kesempatan untuk memulangkan anak-anak yatim piatu di bawah usia 10 tahun dan atas izin keluarga, Pertimbangan tersebut tentunya didasarkan atas adanya polemik di masyarakat terkait dengan isu pemulangan terhadap WNI eks ISIS atau FTF yang dikhawatirkan dapat menjadi permasalahan baru di masyarakat, yaitu penyebaran paham radikalisme. Artikel ini mengelaborasi permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam pelaksanaan upaya  perlindungan terhadap anak korban tindak pidana FTF. Studi ini juga menjelaskan upaya perlindungan hukum oleh negara terhadap anak korban tindak pidana FTF. Terdapat banyak tantangan yang dihadapi oleh pemerintah Indonesia dalam upaya perlindungan hukum bagi anak korban tindak pidana FTF, sehingga diperlukan adanya perumusan kebijakan komprehensif melalui regulasi yang efektif.
El control de constitucionalidad: luces y sombras en la jurisprudencia boliviana
Authors: REVOLLO MEDINA VÍCTOR RICARDO
Published: January 2025

La esencia de este trabajo de investigación estriba en determinar la potestad que asumen los jueces ordinarios en el marco de sus competencias, de realizar el control de constitucionalidad tutelar en los casos concretos sometidos a su conocimiento y con ello los alcances de dicho control. Para tal efecto, la carga argumentativa en la labor del juez ordinario se constituye en componente esencial de su fallo. Más allá de suponer el respeto al derecho a contar con resoluciones fundamentadas y/o motivadas del justiciable, importa la justificación de la decisión a la cual es menester arribar a través de los métodos de interpretación propuestos por el derecho y que, en cierta medida, han sido desarrollados por la jurisprudencia constitucional de Bolivia.
Development of monitoring and evaluation mechanisms for the efficiency of the management system for the comprehensive recovery of territorial communities
Authors: Shebanin Veacheslav , Shebanina Olena , Kormyshkina Iryna , Reshetilov Georgiy , Kormyshkin Iurii
Published: January 2025

The study aimed to establish a system for monitoring and evaluating the recovery of territorial communities in Ukraine affected by armed conflict. Key areas of monitoring – economic, social, environmental, and governance – were identified. Economic indicators, such as investment and job creation, were established as metrics of stability, while social indicators, including employment and access to services, proved critical for quality of life. Environmental indicators emphasized reducing emissions, improving energy efficiency, and using renewable energy. Governance indicators underscored the need for coordination, participation, and resource transparency. The central achievement was the development of a digital platform capable of real-time data collection and analysis, automating data integration from diverse sources for visualized operational analysis. The platform was accompanied by a roadmap outlining key stages, from planning and integration to testing and full implementation, ensuring its effective deployment across communities. This systematic approach was proved to significantly contribute to sustainable development by promoting efficient resource use, environmental responsibility, and improved governance. The findings highlighted that a comprehensive monitoring system supports recovery processes by enabling timely adjustments and ensuring transparency. These mechanisms were established as essential for achieving long-term stability and resilience in conflict-affected regions. The study’s outcomes emphasize the critical role of integrated platforms and structured approaches in enhancing the effectiveness of recovery efforts while fostering trust and collaboration among stakeholders
Optimising the management succession process in a family business
Authors: Brodaczewski Konrad
Published: January 2025

The purpose of the study was to identify the succession management processes in family businesses, with a particular focus on the development and implementation of optimization approaches that contribute to the long-term stability and competitiveness of the enterprise. The research focused on identifying key challenges that arise during the intergenerational transfer of management functions, including an analysis of internal and external factors that influence this process. A major part of the work was studying the role of family values and corporate culture, which are fundamental elements of the succession strategy. Particular attention was paid to how these elements can be preserved and passed on to successors, which is critical to preserving the enterprise's identity. The research methodology was based on a comprehensive analysis of the management succession process in a family business, including several key stages. The first stage involved an assessment of corporate culture, management practices, and financial aspects to ensure business stability during the transfer of management functions. The second stage involved a financial analysis of instruments to support the stability of the enterprise and the development of recommendations for financial risk management. The next step was a comparative analysis of real-life cases to identify successful succession practices, which allowed to creation of a comprehensive picture of the succession management process. Based on the study, key approaches were identified, and practical recommendations were developed that can significantly contribute to the successful transfer of management in family businesses. In particular, the importance of strategic succession planning, which includes the early involvement of successors in the management process, the creation of detailed plans for their development, and the implementation of support systems for new leaders, was emphasized. The recommendations are designed to ensure a smooth and efficient transition of management functions, allowing family businesses to maintain stability and prosperity in the face of generational change
Personnel policy and defence economics: The relationship between efficiency and costs in the armed forces
Authors: Semenenko Oleh , Kliat Yurii , Tsarynnyk Viktor , Yarmolchyk Maria , Ovanesian Robert
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of human resources policy on the economic efficiency of the armed forces, with a focus on cost optimisation and combat readiness. The study analysed human resource management models, including contract recruitment, long-term workforce planning, short-term training programmes and rotation, and their impact on economic performance in the armed forces of countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, Sweden, Canada, Australia, Israel, France, Italy, Spain, India, Romania, Pakistan, Norway, and Ukraine. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of the defence sector of these countries was conducted, with a special focus on the personnel policy of the Ukrainian defence sector. The study also conducted a SWOT-analysis of these models, which helped to assess their strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats to the economic efficiency of the defence sector. Specifically, contract recruitment provides flexibility in staffing levels but can lead to low staff loyalty, while longterm workforce planning promotes stability but requires significant investment. The findings showed that effective career planning, exacting standards of recruitment, regular training, and social support are key factors that contribute to cost optimisation and staff stability. Furthermore, the integration of technological training improves resource efficiency and reduces maintenance costs. The SWOT analysis demonstrated that a hybrid model that combines elements of different approaches ensures adaptability in crisis situations but requires careful management due to the heterogeneity of the workforce. Based on the findings, the study offered recommendations for optimising human resources policy to increase the cost-effectiveness of the armed forces, particularly through flexible recruitment programmes, the use of civilian specialists for non-critical positions, and the integration of reservists to perform support tasks in crisis conditions, with a detailed analysis of their implementation in the Ukrainian defence sector. The findings confirm that a balanced human resources policy allows maintaining combat readiness while reducing overall defence sector costs
Microfragmented adipose tissue versus platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: YE X , SHEN Z , LI X , ZHANG B , SHEN G , WU L
Published: January 2025

This meta-analysis focuses on the controversial efficacy and safety of microfragmented adipose tissue (MFAT) as compared with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the clinical treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). We have attempted to provide an evidence-based medicine protocol for the conservative treatment of KOA. Researchers collected and compared randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that used microfragmented adipose tissue and platelet-rich plasma to treat knee osteoarthritis. We searched CNKI, Wanfang Database, CMJD, PubMed, Sinomed, Cochrane Library, and Embase for studies published up to May 31, 2023. Two investigators independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed bias risk using the Cochrane bias risk tool. The researchers then performed a meta-analysis using Revman 5.4 statistics software provided by the Cochrane Library. A total of 4 randomized controlled trials involving 266 patients (326 knees) were included. There were 161 knees in the MFAT group and 165 knees in the PRP group. Meta-analysis showed a statistically significant difference in VAS scores between the MFAT group and the PRP group at 12 months after treatment [MD=0.99, 95% CI (0.31, 1.67), P=0.004]. This result showed that VAS scores were lower in the PRP group than in the MFAT group, and that PRP injection reduced pain more effectively than MFAT injection. At 6 months after treatment, Tegner activity scale scores in the MFAT group were higher than that in the PRP group [MD=0.65, 95% CI (0.11, 1.19), P=0.02], and the difference was statistically significant. There were no significant differences in the remaining indicators between the two groups. Based on this meta-analysis, PRP appears to be more effective than MFAT in treating KOA in terms of long-term pain relief. However, MFAT was superior to PRP in improving short-term activity function. Overall, there was no significant difference between MFAT and PRP in the treatment of KOA. In addition, MFAT does not increase the risk of adverse events compared to PRP. However, at present, there are few clinical studies on MFAT and PRP, which need to be verified by more rigorously designed clinical trials.
Oficina experimental de capacitação de monitores: reflexões e desenvolvimento de competências pedagógicas no ensino superior
Authors: Ferreira Júnior José Milton , Torres Monalisa Lima
Published: January 2025

Nas Instituições de Ensino Superior, a monitoria acadêmica exerce um papel fundamental no apoio ao aprendizado, favorecendo a interação entre os estudantes e fortalecendo o processo de ensino e aprendizado. Nesse sentido, a formação pedagógica dos monitores torna-se essencial no desenvolvimento de suas funções de forma eficaz, atuando não apenas no apoio técnico, mas também na mediação do conhecimento e no estímulo à autonomia dos discentes. Nesse contexto, a presente investigação buscou avaliar a implementação de uma oficina experimental de formação de novos monitores na Universidade Estadual do Ceará, abrangendo discentes de áreas distintas: dois do curso de Licenciatura em Ciências Sociais e um de Licenciatura em Química. A oficina foi estruturada a partir da apresentação de seminários com foco em ferramentas pedagógicas que incentivem a participação ativa dos estudantes. Após cada temática, realizaram-se debates a fim de se promover reflexões e trocas de experiências. Por fim, os monitores foram incentivados a aplicar as ferramentas discutidas nas atividades de monitoria. Para se avaliar os resultados da oficina, foi utilizado um questionário de feedback, cujos resultados indicaram melhorias na motivação, socialização e autonomia dos monitores e demais discentes, destacando-se a importância de um programa formativo contínuo e colaborativo.
Experimental evaluation and optimization of kenaf-coir based hybrid composite incorporated with titanium carbide nano-fillers
Authors: Parashar Shikha , Chawla V.K.
Published: January 2025

In the current decade, a number of industries have moved their attention towards emerging sustainable technologies in order to better support socio-economic and environmental considerations. The present research investigates a unique hybrid composite developed by the amalgamation of natural kenaf-coir fibers, with resin of epoxy, incorporated with titanium carbide (TiC) nanoparticles. This study also presents the development process involved in manufacturing the composites, along with mechanical testing and optimization of these composite samples. The nanofillers of TiC are utilized in wt. percentages of 0%, 3%, 4%, and 5%, while coir and kenaf fibers are incorporated at 0%, 3%, 4%, and 5% by weight, and the thickness of the samples is varied at 2, 3, 4, and 5mm. The mechanical attributes of composites are evaluated using a vacuum bag molding process, with subsequent testing and optimization performed through Taguchi and ANOVA analysis to discover the optimal sample combination. The findings indicate that the most effective composite formulation includes 4% TiC, 5% kenaf, 5% coir, and a thickness of 3 mm, which provides the highest tensile modulus and strength among all tested samples. The integration of kenaf fibers with coir fibers and TiCs as fillers significantly improves the tensile and flexural attributes of the hybrid composite in contrast to composites made with coir or kenaf fibers alone.
Performance of aggregate sizes on crack bridging and capacity enhancement of deep beams
Authors: Quadri Ajibola Ibrahim , Bassey Razor Robert , Kupolati Williams Kehinde , Ackerman Chris , Snyman Jacque , Ndambuki Julius Musyoka
Published: January 2025

Reinforced concrete deep beams (RCDBs) investigations are often complex because of the highly disturbed zones which may aggravate the shear performance under variable loadings. The shear capacity enhancement of RCDB using different aggregate sizes of 19 mm, 25 mm, and 50 mm has been investigated under three-point monotonic loading. Nine RCDBs with 750 × 170 × 225 mm dimensions were considered, and the beam was loaded at a 1.4 shear span to depth ratio. Three of the beams were designed without web reinforcement, and six were designed for web reinforcement with varied aggregate sizes. There was no significant difference in the shear strength of RCDBs considered however, a 50 mm aggregate beam was found capable of reducing the multiple crack propagations when compared to other aggregate-size beams. Additionally, the shear reinforcement increased the ductility and strength by over 30% and 20%, respectively. The applicability of 3-dimensional FEM extended to the investigation acceded with the shear response of the experiment exercising shear stiffening behavior. The estimated model from the modified ACI 318:05 can predict the shear capacity of the RCDB with higher accuracy. Since aggregate resists the load by aggregate interlock action, it is crucial to choose the right aggregate when building concrete structural components. The results of this study will help engineers choose the best aggregate for a certain structural element.
On the effect of heat treatment schedules on the structure-property behaviour of heat-affected zones of ASTM A335 steel: Gleeble thermal-mechanical simulation
Authors: Obiko Japheth , Whitefield David , Bodunrin Micheal
Published: January 2025

This study reports on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of weld joints of two ASTM A335 P92 steels with varying chromium and tungsten content influenced by heat treatment. Physical simulation samples for fine-grain and intercritical heat-affected zones were done using the Gleeble® 3500 equipment. A peak temperature of 900°C (intercritical zone) and 950°C (fine-grained zone) simulated different heat-affected zones. After physical simulation, the test samples underwent two heat treatment schedules: post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) and normalisation, followed by tempering. The results show that the two steels had similar martensite microstructure. The microstructure further exhibited the presence of M23C6 carbides along the grain and lath boundaries. The P92-B steel had the highest hardness values after heat treatment except at FGHAZ + PWHT condition, which had a lower hardness value (271.9 ± 5.0 HV0.5). In this condition (FGHAZ + PWHT), P92-B steel had a higher Charpy toughness value (180J), slightly higher than the base metal (178J) due to fully formed martensite microstructure. ICHAZ + heat treatment, P92-B steel had the lowest toughness values (74J for r-PWHT and 83J for PWHT), but these values were higher than the minimum toughness value of 47J of the weld joint required for hydro-testing of the vessels. The study revealed no marked significant differences between the two steels. The heat treatment method (r-PWHT) is applicable in the industry for Type IV crack mitigation of the weld joint.
Diffusion welding features of the dissimilar 40Cr and W6Mo5Cr4V2 steels
Authors: Nikulin Ivan , Nikulicheva Tatiana , Vyugin Alexei , Ivanov Oleg , Anosov Nikita , Mishunin Maxim , Telpova Olga , Alfimova Natalia
Published: January 2025

Hot rolled 40Cr and W6Mo5Cr4V2 steels were diffusion-welded by using a 4-staged process including uniaxial 50 kN compression at 1200 oC in 10-5 mbar vacuum with following cooling down to room temperature. Structural 40Cr and high-speed tool W6Mo5Cr4V2 steels are dissimilar, since they are different (i) in content of host Fe element and alloying Cr, W, V, Mo elements, (ii) in phase composition (40Cr steel is single-phased and W6Mo5Cr4V2 steel is multi-phased), (iii) in microstructure (homogeneous inclusions-less microstructure is characteristic for 40Cr steel, composite microstructure consisting of matrix Fe-based phase with metal (W, V, Mo) carbides is characteristic of W6Mo5Cr4V2 steel), and (iv) in grain structure (40Cr steel is coarse-grained with grain ~100 µm size and W6Mo5Cr4V2 steel is fine-grained with grain size of several µm). Phase composition, microstructure and grain structure of the steels are retained after welding. Diffusion redistribution of Fe, Cr, W, V, Mo atoms results in forming the diffusion zones with different widths (several µm for W, V and Mo, ~25 for Cr and ~15 µm for Fe). Resulting concentration Cr profiles are typical for diffusion from limited sources and could be satisfactorily described by diffusion coefficient equal to ~1.1∙10-14 m2∙s-1 (the coefficient is weighted over the entire temperature range from 1200 oC to room temperature). Within the diffusion Cr and Fe zones, the Vickers microhardness decreases from ~2000 HV (for W6Mo5Cr4V2 steel) to ~530 HV (for 40Cr steel). During room-temperature tensile tests, the diffusion-welded steels were always fractured not in the diffusion joint but in 40Cr steel.
Determining Application Efficiency of Maize Crop Using Environscan for Okara Pakistan
Authors: Shafqat Mannan  , Sarfraz Hashim  , Muhammad Naeem Iqbal  , Muhammad Abid  , Mohsin Nawaz
Published: January 2025

Efficient water management is vital for sustainable maize production, particularly in water-stressed regions like Tehsil Okara, Pakistan, This study aims to determine the irrigation application efficiency of maize crops in Tehsil Okara by utilizing Environscan, Environscan probes was installed at multiple soil depths (15 cm, 30 cm, and 60 cm) to monitor real-time soil moisture dynamics throughout the maize growth cycle. Data were collected on soil moisture levels, irrigation volumes applied, and evapotranspiration rates to assess crop water requirements accurately. Application efficiency was calculated by evaluating the amount of water retained within the root zone relative to the total water applied. Field experiments were conducted under different irrigation methods, including flood, furrow, and drip irrigation, to compare their efficiency and effectiveness. The study also incorporated meteorological data, such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation, to estimate the crop's evapotranspiration rates and correlate them with soil moisture dynamics. Statistical tools, such as ANOVA, were used to analyze the differences in efficiency among the irrigation methods and their impact on maize yield. Economic analysis was also performed to evaluate the cost-benefit of integrating Environscan technology into irrigation practices. The findings of this research are expected to provide actionable insights into optimizing irrigation scheduling, conserving water resources, and improving maize productivity. The study aims to promote the adoption of precision irrigation  technologies like Environscan among farmers. This work serves as a model for integrating advanced monitoring systems to achieve sustainable agriculture in water-scarce regions, contributing to enhanced water use efficiency, reduced resource wastage, and improved agricultural resilience to climate variability.
Apolipoprotein А-I as a transport form of cytostatics in Ehrlich ascitic carcinoma cells
Authors: Trifonova N. V. , Knyazev R. A. , Kotova M. V. , Polyakov L. M.
Published: January 2025

One of the pressing issues of modern pharmacology remains the development of drugs with targeted antitumor action, or the creation of dosage forms of selective action of already known cytostatics in order to increase the effectiveness of chemotherapy and reduce the overall toxic effect on the body. In this work, it is proposed to use apolipoprotein A-I as a transport form of the antitumor drugs actinomycin D, doxorubicin, vinblastine and melphalan. Material and methods. Apolipoprotein A-I was isolated from the high-density lipoprotein fraction of human blood plasma. Apolipoprotein A-I was labeled with 1 % fluoresceinisothiocyanate (FITC). For the experiments, we used male C57Bl mice weighing 20–25 g. Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells were obtained from peritoneal exudate 9–10 days after transplantation. Fluorescent analysis was carried out on an AxioImager Z1 “Zeiss” microscope using an AxioCamMRc digital camera and AxioVision V.4.5 software. The absorption spectra of antitumor drugs in the optical region of electromagnetic radiation were studied using an Evolution 300 spectrophotometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA). Results. The paper presents the results indicating the ability of FITC-labeled apolipoprotein A-I to enter tumor cells. Using the method of column chromatography and spectrofluorimetry, the formation of apolipoprotein A-Icytostatic complex (actinomycin D, doxorubicin, melphalan, vinblastine) was shown. Analysis of the content of drugs in tumor cell lysates showed that absorption (internalization) was more pronounced during incubation of cells with cytostatics in complex forms with apolipoprotein A-I compared with the absorption of cytostatics by cells without a carrier. Conclusions. It has been established that apolipoprotein A-I can be a direct carrier of cytostatics into the cells of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma.
Partia During the Time of Mithridates III (58/57-56 B.C.). An Attempt to Reconstruct Historical Events
Authors: Kobzar Ruslan
Published: January 2025

In the huge number of scientific works on the history of Parthia, there are no special studies devoted to the activities of the Parthian king Mithridates III (Mithridates IV – according to Assar’s chronology [4:96-97])2. The exception is the scanty lines (5-10 sentences) in generalizing works on the political history of Parthia [7:83-83;6:42-44;22:31], a number of scientific articles [12:2211;17:57-58:19:168;39:211;4:96-97;44:442-443; 11:212-213] and dissertations [18:108;30:75], which in passing refer to the period of the reign of this king or his action. In all these studies circulates one and the same point of view that the Parthian king Phraates III was killed by his sons – Mithridates and Orodes, after which Mithridates III ascended the throne and started a war with Great Armenia. At the end of the war with Great Armenia, Mithridates III was sentenced by the Parthian Council of Elders to banishment from the kingdom of the “cruelty” he had shown. In his place, his brother Orodes II was appointed king, who was returned from exile by Surena. Interpreting the data of the sources in this way, the researchers did not try to find out what Marcus Justinus meant by Mitridates’s III “cruelty” and what meaning contemporaries of the events put into the notion of “exile”. Meanwhile, a thorough analysis of sources and the correct interpretation of these terms allows us to doubt Orodes II involvement in the murder of his father. Unsolved problems require solutions. At the same time, the lack of detailed studies on the biography of the king Mithridates III and the political history of Parthia in the era of king Mithridates III make this study quite timely.
Անտիկ աղբյուրները վկայում են որ Ք․ ա․՝ մոտ 58 թ․ պարթևական Հրահատ III Թեոս արքան սպանվեց իր որդիների կողմից, որից հետո գահն անցավ նրա որդի Միհրդատին։ Հաստատվելով գահին Միհրդատ III-ը պատերազմ սկսեց Հայաստանի դեմ, դրանով իսկ խախտելովՏիգրան II Մեծի և պարթևական արքա Հրահատ III Թեոսի միջև Ք․ ա․64 թ․ կնքված հայ–պարթևական խաղաղության և չհարձակման մասինպայմանագիրը։ Դատելով դրամագիտական տվյալներից Միհրդատ III-ինանցավ ոչ միայն «արքայից արքա» տիտղոսը, որը մինչ այդ կրում էրՏիգրան II Մեծը, այլև որոշ տարածքներ Միջագետքի հյուսիս–արևմուտ-քում։ Կարճ ժամանակ անց պարթևական ավագների խորհուրդը «դաժա-նության» մեղադրանքով «արտաքսման» դատապարտեց Միհրդատ III–ին: Նրա փոխարեն գահակալ նշանակվեց եղբայրը՝ Օրոդես II-ը։Մանրամասն վերլուծության ենթարկելով անտիկ աղբյուրների հաղորդածտեղեկությունները և Հուստինիոսի կողմից կիրառված «դաժանություն» ու«արտաքսյալ» տերմինների ենթատեքստը, հեղինակը փորձ է արելպարզելու թե ինչու՞ արտաքսման դատապարտված երկու եղբայրներիցՄիհրդատ III-ին զրկեցին գահից, իսկ մյուսին՝ Օրոդես II-ին, կարգեցինգահին։ Վերլուծության արդյունքում հեղինակը պարզում է ոչ միայնՀրահատ III արքայի սպանությանը մեղսակից անձանց շրջանակը ևապացուցում իր հոր սպանության մեջ Օրոդեսի մասնակից չլինելուհանգամանքը, այլև վերականգնում է այդ ժամանակաշրջանիպատմական իրադարձությունները և Միհրդատ III-ի կերպարը։
A study of triple sequences statistical convergence in neutrosophic normed spaces
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, National Institute of Technology Patna, India, Hari Shankar , Ayaz Ahmad ,   Department of Mathematics, National Institute of Technology Patna, India, Ayhan Esi ,   Malatya Turgut Ozal University, Turkey
Published: January 2025

Neutrosophic logic, probability, and sets are all included in this discipline. A generalisation of conventional sets, fuzzy sets, intuitionistic fuzzy sets, and other related ideas is the neutrosophic set theory. It is a mathematical concept that deals with situations involving inconsistent, ambiguous, and imprecise data. To fully understand sequence spaces, statistical convergence is a crucial concept. In this particular scientific work, we introduce the notion of statistical convergence for triple sequences in a neutrosophic normed space. In this neutrosophic normed space, we also explore the statistical properties of triple completeness and triple Cauchy sequences.
Paired Hayman conjecture of some delay-differential polynomials that share a small function
Authors:   University of Kalyani, India, Pulak Sahoo , Soniya Sultana ,   Berhampore Girls' College, India
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we investigate the uniqueness problems of P(f)L(g) and P(g)L(f) when they share a nonzero small function α(z) with finite weights. Here L(h) may take the derivatives h(k)(z) or the shift h(z+c) or the difference h(z+c)-h(z) or the delay-differential h(k)(z+c), k>=1, and c is a nonzero constant and P(z) is a polynomial of degree n. Also, f(z) and g(z) are transcendental meromorphic (or entire) functions and α(z) is a small function with respect to both f(z) and g(z). The results of the paper improve and supplement the recent results of Sahoo and Pal [17].
Boletín de Precios Forestales, Diciembre 2024
Authors:   Instituto Forestal (Chile), Pardo Evaristo
Published: January 2025

En la presente edición, se entrega un directorio de estas empresas, clasificadas por producto, región y provincia. El objetivo de este directorio es contribuir a difundir sus actividades y que sea un documento de consulta que apoye la gestión de sus negocios. Los precios nominales promedio para el año 2024, de los principales productos de pino radiata, comercializados en el país, mostraron un comportamiento dispar en comparación con lo reportado el año 2023. Así, las alzas de precios estuvieron focalizadas en las trozas aserrables de pino radiata, puestas en aserradero de la Región de Biobío, con un 2,2% y en la madera cepillada de pino radiata, puesta en barraca en las regiones de Biobío y Metropolitana las que aumentaron sus precios en 0,5% y 0,2%, respectivamente. Las disminuciones en el precio nominal promedio en el 2024, afectaron el precio de la madera pulpable de pino radiata, puesta en planta de la Regiones del Maule y Biobío, descendiendo en 3,5% comparado con 2023. En tanto la madera aserrada de pino radiata bajó un 0,7% puesta en aserradero de la Región de Biobío y un 0,3% puesta en barraca de la Región Metropolitana. Además, en esta edición se presentan también precios referenciales de cajas, bins y pallets.