bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ETNOMATEMATIKA DALAM PREDIKSI PERISTIWA ALAM: STUDI TENTANG CARA MASYARAKAT TRADISIONAL MEMAHAMI CUACA DAN HASIL PANEN
Authors: Nina Mardani  , Noor Halizah Siti Julia , Baiti Nur , Damayanti Alfina Fitri , Zulkarnain Iskandar , Fajriah Noor
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini mengkaji peran etnomatematika dalam prediksi peristiwa alam, dengan fokus pada pemahaman masyarakat tradisional di Kota Banjarmasin terhadap cuaca dan hasil panen. Masyarakat tradisional Kota Banjarmasin sering menggunakan pengetahuan lokal dan observasi alam untuk meramalkan perubahan cuaca dan mengatur kegiatan lokal, budaya, dan konsep matematika. Penelitian ini menggabungkan konsep etnomatematika dengan studi prediksi peristiwa alam untuk mengeksplorasi bagaimana masyarakat tradisional memahami cuaca dan hasil panen. Tujuan utamanya adalah untuk memahami hubungan antara budaya dan matematika. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi berharga dalam pemahaman hubungan antara budaya, matematika.
This research examines the role of ethnomathematics in the prediction of natural events, with a focus on traditional communities in Banjarmasin City's understanding of weather and crop yields. Traditional communities in Banjarmasin City often use local knowledge and observations of nature to forecast weather changes and organize local wisdom, culture and mathematical concepts. This research combines ethnomathematical concepts with natural event prediction studies to explore how traditional communities understand weather and crop yields. The ultimate goal is to understand the relationship between culture and mathematics. This research is expected to make a valuable contribution to the understanding of the relationship between culture, mathematics.
PENGARUH MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING BERBANTUAN APLIKASI MATHCITYMAP TERHADAP MATHEMATICAL PROFICIENCY PESERTA DIDIK DI SDN 066 HALIMUN
Authors: Putri Sarah Anida , Maryam Rohimah Siti , Nurdiansah Yusup
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan model discovery learning berbantuan aplikasi MathCityMap terhadap Mathematical Proficiency peserta didik pada pembelajaran matematika di SDN 066 Halimun semester II tahun pelajaran 2023/2024. Subjek penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas VI-A sebanyak 27 orang. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah jenis kuasi eksperimen dengan desain penelitian pretest and posttest one group design. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini yaitu tes, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dengan menguji hipotesis menggunakan software SPSS Statistic 26.0 for windows. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, gambaran proses pembelajaran menggunakan model discovery learning berbantuan aplikasi MathCityMap berjalan dengan baik. Hasil uji wilcoxon menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan Mathematical Proficiency peserta didik sebelum dan sesudah menggunakan model discovery learning berbantuan aplikasi MathCityMap, dengan rata-rata nilai pretest adalah 38 dan rata-rata nilai posttest adalah 76. Terdapat pengaruh terhadap Mathematical Proficiency peserta didik dari hasil uji effect size yaitu 3.5 dengan kategori besar. Oleh karena itu, penerapan model pembelajaran discovery learning berbantuan aplikasi MathCityMap berpengaruh terhadap Mathematical Proficiency peserta didik di SDN 066 Halimun.
This research aims to determine the effect of implementing the discovery learning model assisted by the MathCityMap application on students' Mathematical Proficiency in mathematics learning at SDN 066 Halimun in the second semester of the 2023/2024 academic year. The subjects of this research were 27 class VI-A students. The type of research carried out was quasi-experimental with a pretest and posttest one group design. Data collection techniques in this research are tests, observation, and doc­umentation. Data analysis techniques by testing hypotheses using SPSS Statistics 26.0 for Windows software. Based on the research results, the description of the learning process using the discovery learning model assisted by the MathCityMap application went well. The results of the wilcoxon show that there is a difference in students' Mathematical Proficiency before and after using the discovery learning model assisted by the MathCityMap application, with the average pretest score being 38 and the average posttest score being 76. There is an influence on students' Mathematical Proficiency from the effect size test results, namely 3.5 in the large category. Therefore, the application of the learning model discovery learning assisted by the MathCityMap application influences the Mathematical Proficiency of students at SDN 066 Halimun.
RUMAH BETANG: EKSPLORASI ETNOMATEMATIKA PADA RUMAH ADAT KALIMANTAN TENGAH
Authors: Ansori Hidayah , Iskandar
Published: November 2024

Pembelajaran matematika kontekstual dapat memanfaatkan budaya sebagai sumber pembelajaran yang relevan dan menarik. Istilah yang memadukan budaya dan matematika dikenal dengan istilah etnomatematika. Melalui eksplorasi etnomatematika pada Rumah Betang, siswa dapat lebih mudah memahami pelajaran matematika, mengenali hubungan antara matematika dan budaya, dan mengaplikasikan pengetahuan matematika dalam konteks yang bermakna dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Penelitian ini mengkaji hubungan antara matematika dan budaya melalui eksplorasi Rumah Betang sebagai objek studi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji konsep etnomatematika yang terkait dengan desain dan struktur Rumah Betang seperti pengukuran dan perhitungan, geometri, proporsi, struktur, pola dan ruang serta mengidentifikasi penggunaan matematika dalam aspek budaya suku Dayak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi langsung, dan studi pustaka yang berkaitan dengan Rumah Betang. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan induktif untuk mengidentifikasi konsep matematika yang terlibat dalam desain dan konstruksi Rumah Betang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Rumah Betang memiliki keterkaitan yang kuat dengan konsep matematika, seperti pengukuran dan perhitungan, geometri, proporsi, struktur, pola dan ruang.
 
Contextual mathematics learning can utilize culture as a relevant and engaging source of education. The term that combines culture and mathematics is known as ethnomathematics. Through the exploration of ethnomathematics in the context of Rumah Betang, students can gain a deeper understanding of mathematics, recognize the relationship between mathematics and culture, and apply mathematical knowledge in meaningful everyday contexts. This research examines the relationship between mathematics and culture through the exploration of Rumah Betang as the subject of study. The purpose of this research is to investigate ethnomathematical concepts related to the design and structure of Rumah Betang, such as measurement and calculation, geometry, proportions, structure, patterns, and space, as well as to identify the use of mathematics in the cultural aspects of the Dayak tribe. The research method employed is field research with a qualitative approach. Data is collected through direct observation and relevant literature studies related to Rumah Betang. The gathered data is analyzed using an inductive approach to identify mathematical concepts involved in the design and construction of Rumah Betang. The research findings indicate that Rumah Betang has a strong connection with mathematical concepts, including measurement and calculation, geometry, proportions, structure, patterns, and space.
PERBANDINGAN AKURASI METODE AUTOREGRESSIVEINTEGRATED MOVING AVERAGE DAN SINGULAR SPECTRUMANALYSIS PADA PERAMALAN SUHU RATA-RATA HARIAN DI STASIUN METEOROLOGI AHMAD YANI
Authors: Putri Zizika Riantika , Zukhronah Etik , Slamet Isnandar
Published: November 2024

Suhu udara di kota-kota besar dalam beberapa tahun terakhir mengalami peningkatan yang cukup ekstrim, sehingga diperlukan peramalan yang tepat untuk mengantisipasi terjadinya kerugian akibat suhu yang ekstrim. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan akurasi dari metode Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) dan Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) dalam meramalkan suhu rata-rata harian di Stasiun Meteorologi Ahmad Yani. Data yang digunakan sebagai data training adalah data harian dari Januari 2022 hingga Desember 2022, sedangkan data harian Januari 2023 digunakan sebagai data testing. Pemodelan ARIMA diawali dengan menstasionerkan data, selanjutnya menentukan orde ARIMA berdasarkan plot autocorrelation function (ACF) dan partial autocorrelation function (PACF). Langkah-langkah pemodelan SSA yaitu embedding, singular value decomposition (SVD), grouping, dan diagonal averaging. Pemilihan model terbaik ditentukan berdasarkan nilai mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) terkecil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai MAPE data training dengan metode ARIMA(0,1,2) sebesar 2,0076%, sedangkan metode SSA sebesar 2,1777%. Nilai MAPE data testing dengan metode ARIMA(0,1,2) sebesar 3,2719%, sedangkan metode SSA sebesar 3,9464%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode ARIMA(0,1,2) lebih tepat digunakan untuk meramalkan data suhu rata-rata harian di Stasiun Meteorologi Ahmad Yani.Air temperature in big cities in the last few years has increased quite extreme, so accurate forecasting is needed to anticipate losses due to extreme temperatures. This study aims to compare the accuracy of Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) methods in predicting the daily average temperature at Ahmad Yani Meteorological Station. The data used as training data is daily data from January 2022 to December 2022, while the daily data for January 2023 is used as testing data. ARIMA modeling begins with stationary data, then determines the ARIMA order based on the autocorrelation function (ACF) and partial autocorrelation function (PACF) plots. SSA modeling steps are embedding, singular value decomposition (SVD), grouping, and diagonal averaging. The selection of the best model is determined based on the most minor mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). The results showed that value of MAPE training data using ARIMA(0,1,2) method was 2.0076%, while SSA method was 2.1777%. The MAPE value of testing data using ARIMA(0,1,2) method is 3.2719%, while SSA method is 3.9464%. Based on these results it can be concluded that the ARIMA(0,1,2) method is more appropriate for forecast daily average temperature data at Ahmad Yani Meteorological Station.
PENGEMBANGAN LKPD RELASI DAN FUNGSI PADA SISWA SMP KONTEKS ETNOMATEMATIKA KEBUDAYAAN BANJAR
Authors: Norhayati  , Noor Hikmah  , Juhairiah
Published: November 2024

LKPD relasi dan fungsi kontekstual yang dikaitkan dengan kebudayaan, diharapkan bisa membuat siswa lebih mengenal kebudayaan yang ada di sekitarnya dan memahami konsep relasi dan fungsi dengan baik. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan LKPD konteks kebudayaan Banjar yang valid, praktis, efektif. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Research and Development (R&D). Model pengembangan ini mengikuti alur ADDIE. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan berupa lembar validasi, angket respon peserta didik, dan tes evaluasi peserta didik. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis data kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Uji kevalidan divalidasi oleh 3 orang validator, yaitu 2 dosen dan 1 guru. Uji kepraktisan dilihat dari hasil angket respon peserta didik dan uji keefektifan dilihat dari hasil evaluasi belajar siswa. Hasil uji kevalidan diperoleh skor 3,63 dengan kriteria sangat valid. Hasil uji kepraktisan dengan 32 peserta didik diperoleh skor 3,65 dengan kriteria sangat praktis. Hasil uji keefektifan diperoleh skor 84% dengan kriteria efektif. Dengan demikian, dihasilkan perangkat ajar berupa LKPD relasi dan fungsi pada siswa SMP konteks kebudayaan Banjar yang valid, praktis, dan efektif.
The contextualised relation and function LKPD that is associated with culture is expected to make students more familiar with the surrounding culture and understand the concepts of relation and function well. Therefore, this research aims to develop a valid, practical, and effective LPD of Banjar cultural context. The method used in this research is Research and Development (R&D). The research instruments used were validation sheet, learner response questionnaire, and learner evaluation test. The data analysis techniques used are quantitative and qualitative data analysis techniques. The validity test was validated by 3 validators, namely 2 lecturers and 1 teacher. The practicality test is seen from the results of the learner response questionnaire and the effectiveness test is seen from the results of student learning evaluations. The validity test results obtained a score of 3.63 with very valid criteria. The practicality test results with 32 students obtained a score of 3.65 with very practical criteria. The effectiveness test results obtained a score of 84% with effective criteria. Thus, the resulting teaching tools in the form of LKPD of relations and functions in junior high school students in the context of Banjar culture are valid, practical, and effective.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS ANDROID PADA MATERI DERET ARITMETIKA UNTUK PESERTA DIDIK KELAS X SMA/MA
Authors: Rafi'i Muhammad , Zulkarnain Iskandar , Kusumawati Elli
Published: November 2024

Pendidikan di Indonesia saat ini lebih diarahkan pada pola pendidikan yang modern. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari berbagai inovasi yang diterapkan untuk meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran. Salah satu inovasinya adalah dengan dikembangkannya media pembelajaran berbasis android. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran berbasis android pada materi deret aritmetika untuk peserta didik kelas X SMA/MA yang valid, praktis dan efektif. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode Research and  Development dengan menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran valid, dengan validasi dilakukan oleh dua orang validator dan diperoleh penyajian pada validitas materi sebesar 4,32 dan validitas media sebesar 4,22, yang keduanya termasuk dalam kriteria valid. Hasil kepraktisan dari angket respon guru sebesar 100% dan peserta didik sebesar 91,17% dengan keduanya termasuk pada kriteria sangat praktis. Hasil keefektifan termasuk dalam kriteria sangat efektif dengan perolehan persentase ketuntasan klasikal sebesar 91,58%. Dengan demikian, media pembelajaran berbasis android pada materi deret aritmetika untuk peserta didik kelas X SMA/MA dapat digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran dan memenuhi kategori valid, praktis dan efektif.
Education in Indonesia is currently more oriented towards a modern educational pattern. This can be seen from the various innovations implemented to improve the quality of learning. One of the innovations is the development of android-based learning media. This study aims to develop android-based learning media on arithmetic series material for class X high school students that are valid, practical, and effective. The method used is the Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE development model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). This research shows that the learning media is valid, with validation conducted by two validators and obtained a presentation on material validity of 4.32 and media validity of 4.22, both of which fall into the valid criteria. The practicality results of the teacher response questionnaire were 100% and the students were 91.17% with both included in the very practical criteria. The effectiveness results are included in the very effective criteria with the acquisition of a classical completeness percentage of 91.58%. Thus, android-based learning media on arithmetic series material for class X high school students can be used in the learning process and meet the valid, practical and effective categories.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL AJAR BERBASIS PEMECAHAN MASALAH PADA MATERI PENYAJIAN DATA DI KELAS VII SMP
Authors: Alfiyah Amelia Muhaajir  , Chairil Faif Pasani  , Taufiq Hidayanto
Published: November 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat modul ajar berbasis pemecahan masalah yang valid, praktis, dan efektif tentang materi penyajian data di Kelas VII SMP. Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) dengan model pengembangan ADDIE yang terdiri dari beberapa tahap yaitu: Analyze (analisis), Design (perancangan), Develop (pengembangan), Implement (implementasi), dan Evaluate (evaluasi). Subjek uji coba penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII B SMPN 1 Salam Babaris, Kabupaten Tapin sebanyak 25 siswa. Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar validasi yang diisi oleh dua validator, angket guru, angket respon siswa, dan asesmen formatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) modul ajar yang dikembangkan memperoleh nilai validitas sebesar 82.5% dan memenuhi kriteria sangat valid, (2) modul ajar termasuk praktis dengan skor dari angket guru yaitu 75% dan angket respon siswa yaitu 76,92% dan memenuhi kriteria praktis, dan (3) hasil tes formatif siswa menunjukkan persentase ketuntasan belajar sebesar 72% dan memenuhi kriteria efektif. Dengan demikian, modul ajar berbasis pemecahan masalah pada materi penyajian data di kelas VII SMP ini valid, praktis dan efektif.
The purpose of this study was to create a valid, practical, and effective problem-solving-based teaching module on data presentation material in the seventh grade of junior high school. In this study, the authors used the Research and Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE development model which consists of several stages, namely: Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate. The test subjects of this research were VII B students of SMPN 1 Salam Babaris, Tapin Regency as many as 25 students. The data collection instruments used in this study were validation sheets filled out by two validators, teacher questionnaires, student response questionnaires, and formative assessments. The results showed (1) the teaching module developed obtained a validity score of 82.5% and met the criteria for being very valid, (2) the teaching module was practical with a score from the teacher questionnaire of 75% and a student response questionnaire of 76.92% and met the practical criteria, and (3) the results of the student formative test showed a percentage of learning completeness of 72% and met the effective criteria. Thus, the teaching module based on problem-solving on data presentation material in the seventh grade of junior high school is valid, practical, and effective.
TEKNIK MANIPULASI ALJABAR PADA TRANSFORMASI OPS
Authors: Ahmad Lazwardi  , Moch. Idris
Published: November 2024

Transformasi Ops merupakan teknik manipulasi aljabar yang mengawankan setiap barisan bilangan real kepada fungsi pembangkitnya. Transformasi Ops mengubah bentuk deret kuasa dari suatu transformasi Ops kepada bentuk aljabar yang lebih sederhana dengan mengabaikan beberapa variabel yang sifatnya tetap. Perubahan bentuk aljabar melahirkan beberapa sifat dan aturan aljabar. Penelitian ini mencoba mengembangkan teori terkait sifat-sifat tersebut dan bagaimana korelasinya antara satu dengan lainnya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi literatur. Hasil penelitian ini adalah pengembangan teorema manipulasi variabel pada transformasi Ops dan manipulasi variabel pada transformasi Ops tipe-c. 
Ops transformation is an algebraic manipulation technique that associates each sequence of real numbers with its generating function. Ops transformation changes the power series form of an Ops transformation to a simpler algebraic form by ignoring some variables that are fixed. The change in algebraic form gives rise to several algebraic properties and rules. This study attempts to develop a theory related to these properties and how they correlate with each other. The research method used is literature study. The results of this study are the development of variable manipulation theorems in Ops transformation and variable manipulation in c-type Ops transformation.
UPAYA PENINGKATAN PARTISIPASI PESERTA DIDIK MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN BERDIFERENSIASI PADA MATA PELAJARAN MATEMATIKA
Authors: Vitri Ninda Aulia Sept , Fadilah Khumairoh Lailatul , Ismiati Riza
Published: November 2024

Proses pembelajaran di kelas merupakan komponen penting dalam mentransfer pengetahuan kepada peserta didik dimana guru memiliki peran sebagai fasilitator dalam menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang aman dan nyaman bagi peserta didik, guru juga berperan dalam menentukan media dan model pembelajaran yang cocok dengan karakteristik peserta didik. Untuk mengakomodasi kebutuhan peserta didik yang beragam, maka penting bagi guru untuk menerapkan pembelajaran berdiferensias, tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mendapatkan informasi yang sistematis terkait penerapan pembelajaran berdiferensiasi dalam meningkatkan partisipasi peserta didik di SMP Negeri 2 Candi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas dengan tahapan yang dimulai dengan perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Data dikumpulkan melalui pengamatan kelas. Guru menerapkan pembelajaran berdiferensiasi dengan fokus pada proses pembelajaran. Selama proses pembelajaran, guru menggunakan strategi yang disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan dan karakteristik siswa, termasuk kesiapan belajar, minat, dan gaya belajar serta menyesuaikan tugas untuk mendorong partisipasi aktif siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setelah menerapkan pendekatan berdiferensiasi, siswa termotivasi untuk belajar, terlihat dari partisipasi aktif dalam diskusi kelompok. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan pembelajaran berdiferensiasi secara efektif dapat meningkatkan partisipasi aktif siswa dalam mata pelajaran matematika di SMP Negeri 2 Candi.
The learning process in the classroom is a crucial component in transferring knowledge to students, where teachers play a role as facilitators in creating a safe and comfortable learning environment. Teachers also contribute by determining suitable teaching media and models that align with students' characteristics. To accommodate diverse student needs, it is important for teachers to implement differentiated instruction. The aim of this research is to systematically gather information regarding the application of differentiated instruction to enhance student participation at SMP Negeri 2 Candi. This study employs action research methodology, involving stages of planning, implementation, observation, and conclusion drawing. Data was collected through classroom observations. Teachers implemented differentiated instruction focusing on the learning process. Throughout this process, teachers utilized strategies tailored to students' needs and characteristics, including readiness to learn, interests, learning styles, and adjusted assignments to promote active student participation. The research findings indicate that after applying differentiated instruction, students were motivated to learn, as evidenced by their active participation in group discussions. Thus, it can be concluded that effective implementation of differentiated instruction can enhance active student participation in mathematics at SMP Negeri 2 Candi.
KAJIAN TEORI PENGARUH MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIS SISWA DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Annisa Mumtaza  , Shalsabila Putri  , Alya Sakila  , Siti Hasanah  , Alin Nurul Ma’ripah  , Iskandar Zulkarnain  , Noor Fajriah
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menganalisis bagaimana konsep Model Pembelajaran Discovery learning; (2) menganalisis bagaimana kajian kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis; (3) menganalisis bagaimana imple­men­tasi Model Pembelajaran Discovery learning dalam meningkatkan kemam­puan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode kajian literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Pembelajaran Discovery learning adalah suatu metode untuk mengembangkan cara belajar siswa aktif dengan menentukan sendiri, menyelidiki sendiri, maka hasil yang diperoleh akan setia, dan tahan lama dalam ingatan dan tidak akan mudah dilupakan oleh siswa. Dengan belajar penemuan, siswa juga bisa belajar berfikir analisis dan mencoba memecahkan sendiri problem yang dihadapi dalam pelajaran, hal ini menjadi suatu kebiasaan yang baik bagi perkembangan siswa. (2) Kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis adalah kemampuan yang bertujuan agar siswa dapat memahami setiap konsep matematika sehingga bukan hanya sekedar hafalan semata. (3) Implementasi model pembelajaran Discovery learning dapat mempengaruhi kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa melalui enam tahapan yaitu (1) stimulation, (2) problem statement, (3) data collection, (4) data processing, (5) verification atau pembuktian, (6) generalization.
This study aims to: (1) analyze how the concept of the Discovery learning Learning Model; (2) analyze how to study the ability to understand mathematical concepts; (3) analyze how the implementation of the Discovery learning Learning Model in improving students' ability to understand mathematical concepts. The results showed that: (1) Discovery learning is a method to develop active student learning by determining for yourself, investigating yourself, then the results obtained will be faithful, and long lasting in memory and will not be easily forgot-ten by students. By learning discovery, students can also learn to think analytically and try to solve their own problems faced in the lesson, this becomes a good habit for student development. (2) The ability to understand mathematical concepts is an ability that aims to enable students to understand every mathematical concept so that it is not just rote memorization. (3) The implementation of the Discovery learning learning model can affect the ability to understand students' mathematical concepts through six stages, namely (1) stimulation, (2) problem statement, (3) data collection, (4) data processing, (5) verification or proof, (6) generalization.
KONSTRUKSI POHON FILOGENETIK VIRUS DENGUE DI INDONESIA MENGGUNAKAN METODE MAXIMUM PARSIMONY
Authors: Syafi’i Ahmad Maulana
Published: November 2024

Pada paper ini dijelaskan pembentukan pohon filogenetik virus dengue tipe-3 di Indonesia. Pembentukan pohon filogenetik menggunakan Maximum Parsimony dengan mencari pohon yang jumlahnya paling minimum dari perubahan antar virus. Tujuan dari paper ini adalah mengetahui bagaimana evolusi virus dengue tipe-3 di Indonesia dari tahun ke tahun. Pada paper ini diberikan jarak antar genetik menggunakan metode Kimura 2 Parameter dan pohon filogenetik menggunakan maksimum parsimony. Hasil yang didapatkan ialah terlihat bahwa pohon filogenetik yang terbentuk menggunakan maksimum parsimony memperkuat analisis jarak genetik. 
This paper describes the establishment of a type-3 dengue virus phylogenetic tree in Indonesia. Formation of a phylogenetic tree using Maximum Parsimony by finding a tree with the minimum number of changes between viruses. The aim of this paper is to find out how the type-3 dengue virus evolves in Indonesia from year to year. In this paper, the distance between genetics is given using the Kimura 2 Parameter method and a phylogenetic tree using maximum parsimony. The results obtained show that the phylogenetic tree formed using maximum parsimony strengthens the genetic distance analysis.
INOVASI MODEL-MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF BERBASIS BUDAYA GOTONG ROYONG HANDEP UNTUK PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA
Authors: Demitra
Published: November 2024

Model-model pembelajaran kooperatif merupakan model pembelajaran yang dikembangkan di luar negeri dan diadopsi untuk diterapkan dalam pembelajaran matematika di Indonesia. Padahal masyarakat Indonesia memiliki budaya gotong royong, yang potensial diangkat sebagai mekanisme kerjasama dalam sintaks model pembelajaran kooperatif. Salah satunya budaya gotong royong handep yang ada di dalam kehidupan masyarakat suku Dayak di Kalimantan Tengah.  Pengembangan model pembelajaran kooperatif handep telah dilakukan sejak tahun 2010 menggunakan penelitian dan pengembangan. Tujuannya menyampaikan hasil penelitian dan pengem­bangan model pembelajaran kooperatif handep berkelompok dan model pembelajaran kooperatif handep berpasangan. Hasil validasi ahli menunjukkan bahwa draft model pembelajaran kooperatif handep telah layak sebagai sebuah model pembelajaran. Hasil validasii kelompok kecil, dimana respon pebelajar menyatakan bahwa model pembelajaran ini, menarik dan menyenangkan, mampu memfasilitasi belajar konsep dan pemecahan masalah matematika. Hasil validasi lapangan menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh signifikan model pembelajaran kooperatif handep berkelompok maupun berpasangan terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika, dan memotivasi belajar siswa.
Cooperative learning models developed abroad and adopted for application in mathematics learning in Indonesia. Indonesian society has a culture of cooperation, which has the potential to be raised as a mechanism of cooperation in the syntax of cooperative learning models. The culture of handep collaboration exists in the life of the Dayak tribe in Central Kalimantan. The development of the cooperative handep learning model has been carried out since 2010 using research and development. The aims are to design and develop a group cooperative learning model and, a pair cooperative handep learning models. The expert validation results indicate that the draft cooperative handep learning model is feasible as a learning model. The results of the small group validation, where the learner's response states that this learning model is interesting and fun, can facilitate learning concepts and mathematical problem-solving. The field test results show a significant influence of the cooperative learning model of handep in groups or pairs on mathematical problem-solving abilities and motivating students to learn.
Space Theory
Authors: Chen S.
Published: November 2024

The author introduces a novel theoretical framework that suggests matter and energy are both converted from curved space. In Space Theory, gravitation is generated by the flow of space, instead of being transmitted by the graviton as in String Theory. This theory also suggests that Newton's gravitational constant, denoted as G, may not be truly constant but could vary over time. The equivalent equation of space is S=Ec2=mc4, and the gravitation of hollow sphere space is Sμν=4πGm=(4/3)π((r+a)3-r3). The Space Theory also predicts that the surface gravitational acceleration of the neutron star Crab Pulsar (PSR B0531+21) is approximately 8.21924883×106 m/s2.
Nanopore Sequencing Allows Recovery of High-Quality Completely Closed Genomes of All Cronobacter Species from Powdered Infant Formula Overnight Enrichments
Authors: Gonzalez-Escalona Narjol , Kwon Hee Jin , Chen Yi
Published: November 2024

Precision metagenomic approaches using Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT) sequencing has been shown to allow recovery of complete genomes of foodborne bacteria from overnight enrichments of agricultural waters. This study tests the applicability of a similar approach for Cronobacter genome recovery from powdered infant formula (PIF) overnight enrichments, where Cronobacter typically dominates the overall microbiome (>90%). This study aimed to test whether using ONT sequencing of overnight PIF enrichments could recover a completely closed Cronobacter genome for further genomic characterization. Ten PIF samples, each inoculated with different Cronobacter strains, covering Cronobacter sakazakii, C. muytjensii, C. dublinensis, C. turicensis, and C. universalis, were processed according to the Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM) protocol. Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used for initial screening (detection and quantification) of the overnight enrichments and confirmed that the inoculated PIF samples after the overnight enrichment have high levels of Cronobacter (107 to 109 CFU/mL). DNA from overnight PIF enrichments was extracted from the enrichment broth and sequenced using ONT. Results showed that ONT sequencing could accurately identify, characterize, and close the genomes of Cronobacter strains from overnight PIF enrichments in 3 days, much faster than the nearly two weeks required by the current BAM method. Complete genome recovery and species differentiation were achieved. This suggests that combining qPCR with ONT sequencing provides a rapid, cost-effective alternative for detecting and characterizing Cronobacter in PIF, enabling timely corrective actions during outbreaks.
Privacy-Enhanced Sentiment Analysis in Mental Health: Federated Learning with Data Obfuscation and BERT
Authors: Ahsan Shakil Ibne , Djenouri Djamel , Haider Rakibul
Published: November 2024

This research aims to find an optimal balance between privacy and performance in forecasting mental health sentiment. This paper investigates federated learning (FL), augmented with a novel Data Obfuscation (DO) technique and Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT), to develop a new framework, FL-BERT+DO, addressing this issue. With FL, data remains decentralized, ensuring that user-sensitive information is retained on local devices rather than being shared with the FL server. We further improve privacy with a specific DO technique that masks individual attributes and preserves signalling capabilities needed for the models’ predictive power; this approach eliminates the compromises that arise when using noise injection methods such as DP. The integration of BERT gives our system an enhanced feature of context sense-making from the text conduct our model is extremely proficient in emotion categorization tasks. The experiments were performed on real and synthetic datasets containing emotions and showed significant enhancements compared to baseline methods. The proposed FL-BERT+DO framework shows a prediction accuracy, 82.74%; precision, 83.30% recall, 82.74%; F1-score, 82.80%. Further, we assessed its performance in the adversarial setup using Membership Inference and Linkage Attacks to ensure the privacy-preserved performance did not suffer deeply. It demonstrates that, even for large datasets, providing privacy-preserving prediction is possible and can significantly improve existing methods of addressing personal issues, like mental health support. Based on the results of our work, we can propose the development of secure decentralized learning systems that are capable of providing high accuracy of sentiment analysis and meeting strict privacy constraints.
Optimization Design of Nickel-Titanium Shape Memory Alloy Anti-Loose Gaskets Based on ABAQUS Numerical Simulation
Authors: Li Xinmei , Xue Tianxiang , Suo Shuai , Li Wen , Bu Yanjiang , Wu Dongting
Published: November 2024

The shape memory effect and superelasticity of nickel-titanium shape memory alloys offer substantial benefits for anti-loose devices. This study presents the design of an anti-loose gasket utilizing these alloys. A finite element numerical model of the gasket is developed using ABAQUS software, incorporating the superelastic constitutive model, to examine its deformation and stress under three distinct loading conditions: pre-tightening, tightening, and unloading. Based on the findings from the numerical analysis, we propose an optimized design for the gasket's size and shape to augment its anti-loose efficacy and adaptability. This investigation lays a foundational theoretical framework and offers technical insights for employing shape memory alloys in anti-loose device engineering, underscoring its significant practical implications.
Perfomance and Health Is Not a Binary Issue, They Go Hand in Hand: A Congruent Perspective
Authors: Sales Marcelo Magalhães , Rezende Andréa Cândida Arruda , Inacio Pedro Augusto , Aprigliano Vicente , Leonardo Patricia Sardinha , Oliveira-Silva Iransé , Cunha Raphael Martins , Chiappa Gaspar R. , Fajemiroye James Oluwagbamigbe , Vieira Rodolfo de Paula , Lopes-Martins Rodrigo Alvaro Brandão , Moraes José Fernando Vila Nova , Sá Filho Alberto Souza
Published: November 2024

The paradoxical paradigm between performance and health was introduced during the eighties and nineties. Due to the dichotomy between performance and health variables, as well as reports published by the main communication channels, this discourse has been gaining strength, cause some degree of confusion on this subject. On the other hand, the modernization of scientific methods, may be able to provide a more cohesive understanding of the paradoxical paradigm: performance and health. Therefore, the purpose is to offer a congruent perspective between performance and health based in science. Eleven items directly or indirectly related to health were compared between non-athletes and athletes in an attempt to strengthen the congruent perspective between performance and health, they are: a) autonomic nervous system; b) immune function; c) gut microbial; d) bone mineral density; e) vascular health; f) breast cancer and cancer of the reproductive and non-reproductive system; g) redox balance and telomere length; h) concussion rehabilitation; i) sleep quality; j) social connectedness and happiness and k) quality of life. In conclusion, we suggest that health-related benefits appear to precede adaptations associated to performance, making it reasonable to infer that it seems impossible to improve performance without being healthy. It seems that this paradigm does not have a strong support.
Optimizing a Machine Learning Algorithm by Novel Metaheuristic Approach: Case Study in Forecasting
Authors: AYDIN Muhammed Resul , GÜLSÜN Bahadır
Published: November 2024

Accurate sales forecasting is essential for optimizing resource allocation, managing inventory, and maximizing profit in competitive markets. Machine learning models are increasingly used to develop reliable sales forecasting systems due to their advanced capabilities in handling complex data patterns. This study introduces a novel hybrid approach that combines the Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) and Fire Hawk Optimizer (FHO) algorithms, specifically designed to enhance hyperparameter optimization in machine learning-based forecasting models. Leveraging the strengths of these two metaheuristic algorithms, the hybrid method enhances the predictive accuracy and robustness of models, with a focus on optimizing the hyperparameters of XGBoost for forecasting tasks. Evaluations across three distinct datasets demonstrate that the hybrid model consistently outperforms standalone algorithms, including Genetic Algorithm (GA), Artificial Rabbits Optimization (ARO), White Shark Optimizer (WSO), ABC, and FHO, the latter being applied for the first time to hyperparameter optimization. The superior performance of the hybrid model is confirmed through RMSE, MAPE, and statistical tests, marking a significant advancement in sales forecasting and providing a reliable, effective solution for refining predictive models to support business decision-making.
Diffuse Noxious Inhibitory Controls in Chronic Pain States: Insights from Pre-Clinical Studies
Authors: Pereira-Silva Raquel , Neto Fani L. , Martins Isabel
Published: November 2024

Diffuse noxious inhibitory controls (DNIC), also known as conditioned pain modulation (CPM) in humans, is a paradigm wherein the heterotopic application of a noxious stimulus results in the attenuation of another spatially distant noxious input. The pre-clinical and clinical studies show the involvement of several neurochemical systems in DNIC/CPM and point to a major contribution of the noradrenergic, serotonergic and opioidergic systems. Here, we thoroughly review the latest data on the monoaminergic and opioidergic studies, focusing particularly on pre-clinical models of chronic pain. We also conduct an in-depth analysis of these systems, by integrating the available data with the descending pain modulatory circuits and the neurochemical systems therein, to bring light into the mechanisms involved in the regulation of DNIC. The most recent data suggest that DNIC may have a dual outcome encompassing not only analgesic but also hyperalgesic effects. This duality might be explained by the underlying circuitry and the receptor subtypes involved therein. Acknowledging this duality might contribute to validate the prognostic nature of the paradigm. Additionally, DNIC/CPM may serve as a robust paradigm with predictive value for guiding pain treatment through more effective targeting of descending pain modulation.
Antitumor Activities by a Humanized Cancer-Specific anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody (humH2Mab-250) in Xenograft Models of Human Breast Cancer
Authors: Kaneko Mika K. , Suzuki Hiroyuki , Ohishi Tomokazu , Nakamura Takuro , Yanaka Miyuki , Tanaka Tomohiro , Kato Yukinari
Published: November 2024

Monoclonal antibody (mAb) and cell-based immunotherapies represent cutting-edge strategies for cancer treatment. However, safety concerns persist due to the potential targeting of normal cells that express reactive antigens. Therefore, it is crucial to develop cancer-specific mAbs (CasMabs) that can bind to cancer-specific antigens and exhibit antitumor activity in vivo, thereby reducing the risk of adverse effects. We previously screened mAbs targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and successfully developed a cancer-specific anti-HER2 mAb, H2Mab-250/H2CasMab-2 (mouse IgG1, kappa). In this study, we assessed both the in vitro and in vivo antitumor efficacy of the humanized H2Mab-250 (humH2Mab-250). Although humH2Mab-250 showed lower reactivity to HER2-overexpressed Chinese hamster ovary-K1 (CHO/HER2) and breast cancer cell lines (BT-474 and SK-BR-3) than trastuzumab in flow cytometry, both humH2Mab-250 and trastuzumab showed similar antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CHO/HER2 and the breast cancer cell lines in the presence of effector splenocytes. In addition, humH2Mab-250 exhibited significant complement-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (CDC) in CHO/HER2 cells compared to trastuzumab. Furthermore, humH2Mab-250 possesses compatible in vivo antitumor effects against breast cancer xenografts with trastuzumab. These findings highlight the distinct roles of ADCC and CDC in the antitumor effects of humH2Mab-250 and trastuzumab and suggest a potential direction for the clinical development of humH2Mab-250 for HER2-positive tumors.
Towards Transparent AI in Medicine: ECG-Based Arrhythmia Detection with Explainable Deep Learning
Authors: Kovalchuk Oleksii , Barmak Oleksandr , Radiuk Pavlo , Klymenko Liliana , Krak Iurii
Published: November 2024

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally, highlighting the need for accurate diagnostic tools. To address this issue, we introduce a novel approach for based arrhythmia detection based on electrocardiogram (ECG) that incorporates explainable artificial intelligence through three key methods. First, we developed an enhanced R peak detection method that integrates domain-specific knowledge into the ECG, improving peak identification accuracy by accounting for the characteristic features of R peaks. Second, we proposed an arrhythmia classification method utilizing a modified convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture with additional convolutional and batch normalization layers. This model processes a triad of cardio cycles–the preceding, current, and following cycles–to capture temporal dependencies and hidden features related to arrhythmias. Third, we implemented an interpretation method that explains CNN’s decisions using clinically relevant features, making the results understandable to clinicians. Using the MIT-BIH database, our approach achieved an accuracy of 99.43%, with F1-scores approaching 100% for major arrhythmia classes. The integration of these methods enhances both the performance and transparency of arrhythmia detection systems.
Uncertainty Analysis of Forest Aboveground Carbon Stock Estimation Combining Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 Images
Authors: Qiu Bo , Li Sha , Cao Jun , Zhang Jialong , Yang Kun , Luo Kai , Huang Kai , Jiang Xinzhou
Published: November 2024

Accurate estimation of forest aboveground carbon stock (AGC) is essential for understanding carbon accounting and climate change. In previous studies, the extracted factors such as spectral textures, vegetation indices, and textural features were used to estimate the AGC. However, few studies examined how different factors affect estimation accuracy in detail. Meanwhile, uncertainties in measurement and the fitting of mono-carbon stock model lack calculation. To quantify the various uncertainties in the process of AGC estimation, we used the Random Forest (RF) to establish estimation models based on field plots and Sentinel-1/2 images in Shangri-La. The models included the Band Information Model (BIM), Vegetation Index Model (VIM), Texture Information Model (TIM), Sentinel-2 factor Model (S-2M), and Sentinel-1/2 factor Model (S-1/2M). Then, uncertainties resulted from the plot scale and estimation models were calculated using error equations. Our goal is to analyze the influence of different factors on AGC estimation and to assess the uncertainty of plot scale and estimation models quantitatively. The results showed that: (1) the uncertainty of measurement was 3.02%, while the error of mono-carbon stock model was the main uncertainty at the plot scale, which was 9.09 %; (2) the BIM has the lowest accuracy (R2 = 0.551) and the highest total uncertainty (22.29%); by gradually introducing different factors in the process of modeling, the accuracies improved significantly (VIM: R2 = 0.688, TIM: R2 = 0.715, S-2M: R2 = 0.826) and the total uncertainty decreased to some extent (VIM: 14.12%, TIM: 12.56%, S-2M: 10.79%); (3) the S-1/2M with the introduction of Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data has the highest accuracy (R2 = 0.872) and the lowest total uncertainty (8.43%). The uncertainty of spectral features is highest, following by vegetation indices, while textural features have the lowest uncertainty. Uncertainty in the remote sensing-based estimation model remains a significant source of uncertainty compared with the plot scale. Although texture features of SAR data are effective in reducing uncertainty, but uncertainty is lower at the plot scale. The total estimation uncertainty could be reduced by improving the precision of measurement and the fitting of the mono-carbon stock estimation model.
Complete Epoxy Phosphonate Conversion to Dimethyl (1E)-3-hydroxyprop-1-enylphosphonate with Photobiocatalysts’ Assistance
Authors: Samson Sunday Ocholi , Serafin-Lewańczuk Monika , Brzezińska-Rodak Małgorzata , Klimek-Ochab Magdalena , Żymańczyk-Duda Ewa
Published: November 2024

Phosphonates derivatives are compounds of interests and are applied as drugs of e.g. antibacterial antiviral activities, what is connected with their inhibitory activity towards different enzymes, what in turn is in the relation to the configuration of particular compounds izomers. Biological synthesis of such molecules is the method of choice and can be carried on with enzymes or whole cells of organisms. Photobiocatalysts employed in bioconversion of epoxy dimethyl phosphonate are able to convert this substrate into geometric isomers of the unsaturated product, which is classified as very rare and expensive compound of high added value. Six different strains were screened towards dimethyl epoxy phosphonate and in case of Synechococcus bigranulatus 99% of conversion degree was achieved. Product structure and yield of the reaction were confirmed with Mass Spectroscopy (MS); Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) of isotopes 1H, 13C, and 31P, 2D NMR; and Infrared Spectroscopy (IR).