bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Tentang Pemberian Asi Eksklusif Dan Pendampingan Balita Gizi Buruk Dan Stunting Di Gresik, Jawa Timur
Authors: Rahma Amalia , Nuradhiani Annisa
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT

This study aims to increase knowledge and awareness of the administration of exclusive breastfeeding and provide assistance to severe malnutrition and stunting toddlers with nutrition education and counseling methods. This research method used quasi-experimental study. The study was conducted in two stages, first stage was the collection of basic data and then interventions according to the causes of the problems found. The subject of this study were 45 toddlers, 11 pregnant women and 15 breastfeeding mothers who had infants less than 6 months. The results showed that after conducting education and counseling for three weeks, there was an increase in the knowledge of pregnant and breastfeeding mothers regarding balanced nutrition for infants / toddlers, increasing from 4% to 24% which was categorized as good and 40% to 16% which was categorized as poor. The knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding increased from 0% which was categorized as good to 72.7%. The results of monitoring body weight, height and intake showed increased but only the total intake of energy and fat showed that increased significantly (energy: p = 0.048 and fat: p = 0.005) so it can be concluded that integrated educational and counseling interventions have the potential to overcome nutritional problems for infants / toddlers malnutrition. 

Keywords: education, counselling, exclusive breastfeeding, stunting, undernutrition

 

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran pemberian ASI eksklusif  serta melakukan pendampingan pada balita yang telah mengalami gizi buruk dan stunting dengan metode edukasi dan konseling gizi. Metode penelitian ini adalah kuasi-eksperimental. Penelitian dilakukan dalam dua tahap yaitu pengambilan data dasar kemudian intervensi sesuai dengan penyebab masalah yang ditemukan. Sebanyak 45 balita, 11 ibu hamil dan 15 ibu menyusui yang memiliki bayi kurang dari 6 bulan yang menjadi subjek penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan setelah melakukan edukasi dan konseling selama tiga minggu terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan bumil dan busui mengenai gizi simbang untu balita mengalami peningkatan dari 4% menjadi 24% yang dikategorikan baik dan 40 % menjadi 16 % yang dikategorikan buruk. Begitu pula dengan pengetahuan tentang ASI eksklusif meningkat dari 0% yang dikategorikan baik menjadi 72,7%. Hasil monitoring berat badan, tinggi badan dan asupan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan namun hanya intake total energi dan lemak yang meningkat signifikan (energi: p=0,048 dan lemak: p=0,005) sehingga dapat disimpulkan intervensi edukasi dan konseling yang terintegrasi berpotensi untuk mengatasi masalah gizi bagi bayi/balita gizi buruk.

 

Kata kunci : status gizi, persen lemak tubuh, pengetahuan, kebugaran jasmani
The proportion of bran and guava on the macro nutrition, fiber, and acceptability of ice cream
Authors: Ma'sumah Durrotul , Sholikhah Desty Muzarofatus , Prayitno Sutrisno Adi
Published: July 2022

The research objective was to determine the effect of the proportion of bran and guava on the levels of macro nutrition, fiber, acceptability, and the economic value of ice cream products, as well as being a snack for functional obese adolescents. The research method was experimental design with a completely randomized design consisting of 3 modified formulas (F1, F2, and F3) and 1 control formula tested on 42 panelists. Organoleptic were carried out by the Friedman test and advanced test Duncan's. Macro and fiber nutritional levels were obtained through laboratory tests and analyzed using the One Way Anova test continued Tukey test. The chemical test results for macronutrients and fiber showed a significant effect between the formula (0.00<0.05) and the macronutrients F0, F1, F2, F3, namely carbohydrates 32,70 g, 27,36 g, 2,78 g, 24,26 g, Protein 5,51 g, 7,30 g, 6,95 g, 6,19 g, fat 8,24 g, 6,01 g, 6,42 g, 6,76 g, fiber 0,86 g, 5,73 g, 5,30 g, 5,05 g. Organoleptic results (F0, F1, F2, F3) taste preferences 3,43, 3,26, 2,76, 2,31, aroma 2,98, 3,29, 2,90, 2,90, 2,55, color 3,24, 3,19, 3,21, 2,88, and texture 3,12, 3,14, 2,83, 2,71 , there is a significant treatment effect between the formula with the Chi-Square Asym.sig value <0.05 and the best formula is F1 with a mean rank of 39,5.
RELATIONSHIP OF SODIUM INTAKE AND BODY MASS INDEX WITH BLOOD PRESSURE IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PATIENTS WHEN UNDERGOING HEMODIALYSIS IN RSUD IBNU SINA KABUPATEN GRESIK
Authors: Saniyah Mas'udatus , Agnesia Dian , Ernawati Ernawati
Published: July 2022

This study aims to analyze the relationship between sodium intake and Body Mass Index (BMI) with blood pressure in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). This type of research uses observational analytic with cross sectional approach. The total subject was 72 CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis at the RSUD Ibnu Sina Kabupaten Gresik, which were taken using the total sampling technique. Data was collected using a questionnaire, Food Recall 2x24 hour and measurements of body weight, height, and blood pressure. Data analysis was performed using the Chi-Square test and Linear Regression test. The univariate results showed that 58.3% of patients had more sodium intake, 59.7% had normal BMI, and 69.4% of patients had hypertension. The bivariate results showed that there was a relationship between sodium intake and blood pressure (p=0.000) and there was no relationship between BMI and blood pressure (p=0.145). The multivariate results showed that there was a strong relationship between sodium intake and blood pressure (R=0.646). The conclusion of this study is that blood pressure in CKD patients undergoing HD is more related to sodium intake than with BMI. So it is necessary to have education about limiting sodium intake in order to get optimal nutritional health.
RELATIONSHIP OF BODY IMAGE, DIET, AND NUTRITIONAL KNOWLEDGE IS BALANCED WITH THE NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF SMA YASMU MANYAR KABUPATEN GRESIK
Authors: Dewi Siswadi Faridatul Kurnia , Syarifah Has Dwi Faqihatus , Ariestiningsih Eka Srirahayu
Published: July 2022

The results of monitoring Nutritional Status (PSG) 2018, explained that obesity and obesity in young women aged 12-18 years decreased from 38.5% to 19.4% in overweight, and 6.7% to 4.7% in the skinny. Malnutrition and more nutritional problems in Indonesia are still common in adolescence, especially in young women. There are several factors that affect nutritional status such as body image, diet, and balanced nutritional knowledge. Tjuan from the study to analyze the relationship of body image, diet, and nutrition balanced with the nutritional status of students in Yasmu Manyar High School, Gresik Regency. This type of quantitative research uses Cross Sectional design. The number of samples as many as 45 people with sampling techniques using purposive sampling. Analyze data using Kendall-Tau. The results showed most respondents had postive body image (100%), less diet (95.5%), good nutritional knowledge (86.6%). Kendall-Tau test results between body image, diet, and nutritional knowledge balanced with nutritional status obtained a p value of 0.415 each; 0,499; 0,910. Concluded that there is no relationship between body image, diet, and nutritional knowledge balanced with the nutritional status of students at Yasmu Manyar High School in Gresik Regency. Therefore, there needs to be counseling on balanced nutrition, monitoring the nutritional status of adolescents in schools, and hopefully students to pay more attention to their intake and diet.
NILAI GIZI MAKRO, ANTIOKSIDAN DAN SIFAT SENSORI SARI KEDELA DENGAN PENAMBAHAN FILTRAT KULIT BUAH NAGA MERAH
Authors: Fairuzia Evriana Dwi
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect concentration and addition of red dragon fruit peel filtrate with different formulations on the macro nutritional value and sensory properties of soybean juice. The research method used an experimental design with a completely randomized design (CRD) consist of 3 formulas (F1, F2, and F3) and 1 control formula (F0). The results of the organoleptic test were carried out by the Friedman and the Ducan test. Data on macro nutrient and antioxidant levels were analyzed using the One Way Anova test followed by the LSD test. The chemical test results of macro nutrients and antioxidants showed a significant effect between the formula (0.00 <0.05) and the macro nutrients F0, F1, F2, F3, namely carbohydrates 10.18 g, 10.19 g, 10.10 g, 10.01g, protein 8.35 g, 8.32 g, 8.28 g, 8.25 g, fat 3.14 g , 3.10 g, 3.06 g, 3.00 g, antioxidants 34.04 µg/mL, 30.06 µg/mL, 25.10 µg/mL, 17.87 µg/mL. Organoleptic results (F0, F1, F2, F3) color preferences 2.49, 2.91, 3.53, 3.57, taste 2.89, 3.00, 3.51, 2.96, and aroma 2.34, 2.77, 3.38, 3.17, there is a significant influence between the formula and the Chi-Square value Asym.sig <0.05 and the best formula is obtained, namely F3.
Pengaruh Perilaku Olahraga : Jalan Kaki Terhadap Tekanan Darah Pada Lansia di UPTD Griya Werdha Surabaya
Authors: Roufuddin Roufuddin , Kaonang Mahardika Putri , Suherman Fendi , Widoyanti Virki
Published: July 2022

Hipertensi disebabkan karena terjadinya penurunan fungsi organ jantung yang dapat menyebabkan penebalan pada dinding aorta dan pembuluh darah besar dan menyebabkan penurunan elastisitas pada pembuluh darah sehingga sirkulasi darah terganggu. Olahraga : jalan kaki merupakan cara mudah yang mampu melatih otot – otot pompa jantung untuk mengalirkan darah keseluruh tubuh sehingga kontraktilitas dan sirkulasi pembuluh darah menjadi baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi olahraga : jalan kaki terhadap tekanan darah pada lansia. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian Pre Eksperiment dengan rancangan One Group Pre-post test design. Sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 30 lansia. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah simple random sampling. Variabel independen pada penelitian ini adalah terapi olahraga : jalan kaki dan variabel dependennya adalah tekanan darah lansia. Metode pengumpulan data adalah dengan menggunakan Observasi tekanan darah dengan menggunakan Spygmomanometer. Data yang diperoleh dianalisa dengan uji statistik Paired t – Test dan diartikan bermakna jika derajat kemaknaan (p = ≤0,05) untuk mengetahui adanya penurunan tekanan darah pada responden yang diberikan terapi olahraga : jalan kaki pada pagi hari. Hasil uji tingkat insomnia menunjukkan nilai derajat kemaknaan p = 0,003, yang artinya ada pengaruh terapi olahraga : jalan kaki terhadap tekanan darah lansia. Terapi Olahraga : jalan kaki sebaiknya digunakan sebagai salah satu cara untuk melatih otot – otot pompa jantung agar kontraktilitas dan sirkulasi pembuluh darah menjadi baik dan mampu membantu mengontrol tekanan darah.
Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Terhadap Pengetahuan Keluarga Tentang Kompres Dingin Pada Anak Demam
Authors: Nikmah Nurun , Anggraeni Novi
Published: July 2022

Demam pada anak umumnya disebabkan agen mikrobiologi. Peningkatan suhu tubuh yang terlalu tinggi dapat menyebabkan dehidrasi, letargi, penurunan nafsu makan sehingga asupan gizi berkurang termasuk kejang.Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan terhadap pengetahuan keluarga tentang kompres dingin pada anak demam. Jenis penelitian analitik dan rancangan penelitian pre-eksperimen dengan One group pre test and post test design. Populasi: anak yang demam sebanyak 12. Sampel sebanyak 12 anak dengan tehnik Consecutive Sampling. Variabel independen yaitu pendidikan kesehatan dan variabel dependen yaitu pengetahuan keluarga tentang kompres dingin. Pengumpulan data dengan kuesioner. Analisa data dengan uji Willcoxon Signed ranks Test. Hasil penelitian didapatkan pengetahuan sebelum dilakukan pendidikan kesehatan sebagian besar pengetahuan kurang sebanyak 6 orang (50.0%) dan setelah dilakukan pendidikan kesehatan sebagian besar pengetahuan baik sebanyak 10 orang (83.3%). Hasil analisa data bahwa ρ value = 0.004 < α = 0.05 sehingga H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima Ada pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan terhadap pengetahuan keluarga tentang kompres dingin pada anak demam sehingga diharapkan kepada petugas kesehatan untuk sering melakukan pendidikan kesehatan tentang kompres dingin pada anak demam.
Value at Risk Prediction for the GJR-GARCH Aggregation Model
Authors: Nurhayati Nurhayati , Apriani Wiwin , Bustan Ariestha Widyastuty
Published: July 2022

Volatility is the level of risk faced due to price fluctuations. The greater the volatility brings, the greater the risk. We need a measure such as Value at Risk (VaR) and volatility modeling to overcome this. The most frequently used volatility model in the financial sector is GARCH. However, this model is still unable to accommodate the asymmetric nature, so the GJR-GARCH model was developed. In addition, this study also used aggregation returns with two assets in them. This study aimed to determine the VaR prediction for the GJR-GARCH(1.1) aggregation model and its comparison with the GARCH(1.1) aggregation model. The results obtained indicate that the prediction of volatility using the GJR-GARCH(1.1) aggregation model is more accurate than the GACRH(1.1) aggregation model because it has a correct VaR value that is close to the given confidence level.
Modeling Biodegradation of Polyethylene Terephthalate Involving the Growth of Factor Escherichia Coli Bacteria
Authors: Talib Taufan
Published: July 2022

A design of a Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) waste biodegradation system using Escherichia Coli (E-Coli) bacteria in a whole-cell biocatalyst system. E-Coli bacteria will produce LC-Cutinase enzyme on the cell surface so PET can be broken down into Ethylene glycol and Terephthalate acid. With the help of Reductase and Dehydrogenase enzymes, a chemical reaction occurs that converts Ethylene glycol into Malate. Through the chemical reaction process, it is guaranteed that Ethylene glycol does not explain the environment but can be used as an energy source for the growth of E-Coli bacteria. Thus E-Coli can grow faster, so the more bacteria, the more PET that can be broken down quickly.
Infectious hypothesis of neurodegenerative diseases. What waits us after the COVID-19 pandemic?
Authors: Litvinenko I. V. , Lobzin V. Yu. , Pushkarev V. A. , Skripchenko N. V.
Published: July 2022

Since the description of the first clinical cases of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, numerous hypotheses have been proposed for their development. At the same time, the failure of therapeutic strategies in various directions of clinical research indicates the fallacy of most theories. In this regard, in recent years, various infectious agents are increasingly considered as a trigger of neuronal inflammation and a factor inducing the onset of the neurodegenerative process. Infectious agents differ in their mechanisms of invasion into the central nervous system and can even enter the brain perineurally. Reactivation of latent viral infection induces the production of viral proteins and the accumulation of abnormal proteins that are markers of Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. Both bacterial (chlamydia, causative agents of chronic periodontitis, E. coli) and viral (herpes viruses, noroviruses) infectious agents are considered. However, for the development of neurodegeneration, it is not enough just a simple invasion and reactivation of the infectious process: the genetic characteristics of the main histocompatibility complex also play a huge role. Currently, several studies have been initiated on the possible efficacy of antibacterial and antiviral drugs in Alzheimer’s disease. Data obtained over the past year suggests that the brain may act as a target for SARS-CoV-2. Neurological manifestations of COVID-19 can occur as a result of both the direct cytopathic action of the pathogen and the activation of neuroinflammation, accompanied by a violation of the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. Further study of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in COVID-19 will form the basis for the development of treatments for neurological complications.
Five decades of the Interamerican Journal of Psychology. A socio-bibliometric study
Authors: Polanco Fernando , Beria Josiane Sueli , Klappenbach Hugo
Published: July 2022

The Inter-American Journal of Psychology (RIP) is the scientific publication of the Inter-American Psychological Society and one of the most influential and well established journals in the Americas. We realized a socio-bibliometric analysis based on the first 50 volumes of the publication (1967-2016). This methodology is part of the ex post facto studies pertaining to the history of psychology. It was observed that the general structure of the RIP was characterized by the diversity and frequent changes of its staff and its advisory and scientific boards. Considering the language, it is highlighted that papers were published in Spanish, English and Portuguese. The three most productive authors were R. Ardila, R. Díaz-Loving, and L. F. Natalicio. The analysis of citations showed the great concentration of references to North-American papers and books; publications devoted to locus of control, social learning and transcultural, social and community psychology the most frequently referenced. The conceptual analysis showed that the roots of the production of the RIP sink into the concepts of behavior and cognition, analyzed from experimental and psychometric methods mainly based on North-American social psychology. Childhood is the main population analyzed, and the applied fields preferred were clinical, social, cultural and educational. In conclusion, it is observed that the intellectual origin reflected in the RIP is strongly biased by the general features of the North-American psychology, with emphasis on experimental, differential, social and applied psychology.
Motivación de logro para aprender en estudiantes de educación física: Diverhealth
Authors: Martín-Moya Ricardo , Ruiz-Montero Pedro Jesús , Chiva-Bartoll Òscar , Capella Peris Carlos
Published: July 2022

El objetivo del estudio es identificar las variaciones motivacionales según la teoría de las metas de logro en 30 estudiantes de Bachillerato (17-18 años), mediante una innovadora intervención denominada “DiverHealth”. Se valoraron los resultados del cuestionario Achievement Motivation for Learning in Physical Education, antes y después de la intervención. Los resultados muestran diferencias significativas en la percepción de competencia motriz percibida en el grupo-clase (p<0,003) y en el grupo-alumnas (p<0,011). En cuanto a la percepción de competencia motriz comparada, el grupo-clase ha obtenido (p<0,042). El compromiso por el aprendizaje ha aumentado en el grupo-clase y en el grupo-alumnos (ambos, p<0,01). La ansiedad y agobio ante el fracaso ha incrementado en el grupo-clase (p<0,007) y el grupo-alumnas (p<0,024). Como conclusión, se deduce que una estrategia de aprendizaje de hábitos saludables y práctica de actividad física a través de la gamificación, podría mejorar la motivación de los estudiantes.El objetivo del estudio es identificar las variaciones motivacionales según la teoría de las metas de logro en 30 estudiantes de Bachillerato (17-18 años), mediante una innovadora intervención denominada “DiverHealth”. Se valoraron los resultados del cuestionario Achievement Motivation for Learning in Physical Education, antes y después de la intervención. Los resultados muestran diferencias significativas en la percepción de competencia motriz percibida en el grupo-clase (p<0,003) y en el grupo-alumnas (p<0,011). En cuanto a la percepción de competencia motriz comparada, el grupo-clase ha obtenido (p<0,042). El compromiso por el aprendizaje ha aumentado en el grupo-clase y en el grupo-alumnos (ambos, p<0,01). La ansiedad y agobio ante el fracaso ha incrementado en el grupo-clase (p<0,007) y el grupo-alumnas (p<0,024). Como conclusión, se deduce que una estrategia de aprendizaje de hábitos saludables y práctica de actividad física a través de la gamificación, podría mejorar la motivación de los estudiantes.
Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Buah Manggis Sebagai Masker Gel Peel-Off Berantioksidan
Authors: Priyanti Priyanti , Partuti Tri , Amalina Nusaibah Nur , Rahmiaty Desy , Yanti Wulandari Fera , Nadyana Hutssy Elya , Daniya Alika Arum , Annisa Nurul , Harisna Azza Hanif
Published: July 2022

Peel off gel masks have become a trend in the field of beauty as a facial skin care. Utilization of mangosteen rind extract is thought to be able to provide more function on the mask as its high levels of antioxidant. This study discusses the optimum formulation of antioxidant peel off gel mask with mangosteen rind ethanol extract. Mangosteen rind was obtained from the market in the South Tangerang area and then extracted using 96% ethanol as the solvent by maceration. Peel off gel mask preparation is formulated with extract concentrations of 1%, 2% and 4%. Stability test in the form of analysis of pH, viscosity, dry time, and homogenation was carried out for four weeks. Antioxidant analysis was carried out to detect flavonoid, saponins and tannins. The results showed that the extract contained flavonoids, saponins and tannins with free radical scavenging values ​​of 16.10%. The optimum formulation of peel off gel mask is with 2% extract because it has an acidic pH, a viscosity value of 8025 cps, a thick texture, and has a drying time of about 14 minutes.
Uji Aktivitas Penghambatan Enzim α-Amilase dan Glukoamilase dari Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L.)
Authors: Gaspersz Nelson , Fransina Eirene Grace , Ngarbingan Anancy Reza
Published: July 2022

Research has been carried out to test the inhibitory activity of α-amylase and glucoamylase enzymes in the ethanolic extract of kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L.) leaves. The use of kirinyuh leaf ethanol extract as a diabetes drug in vivo has been carried out, but its mechanism of action have never been researched before, so further research is needed on the specific mechanism of ethanolic extract of kirinyuh leaves in reducing blood sugar levels, especially through inhibition of α-amylase and glucoamylase enzymes in vitro. The purpose of this study was to test the antidiabetic activity of the ethanol extract of kirinyuh leaves in vitro using α-amylase and glucoamylase inhibition methods. This research uses DNS spectrophotometric method. The results showed that kirinyuh leaf ethanol extract proved to have inhibitory activity against α-amylase and glucoamylase enzymes with IC50 values of 3730.15 ± 28.91 ppm or 3730.15 ± 28.91 µg/mL and 2510.78. ± 383.37 ppm or 2510.78 ± 383.37 µg/mL. From the results, it can be concluded that the ethanolic extract of kirinyuh leaves has inhibitory activity against α-amylase and glucoamylase enzymes.

 

Telah dilakukan penelitian uji aktivitas penghambatan enzim α-amilase dan glukoamilase ekstrak etanol daun kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L.). Penggunaan ekstrak etanol daun kirinyuh sebagai obat diabetes secara in vivo telah dilakukan,tetapi belum diketahui mekanisme kerjanya, sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai mekanisme spesifik ekstrak etanol daun kirinyuh pada penurunana kadar gula darah terutama melalui aktivitas penghambatan terhadap enzim α-amilase dan glukoamilase secara in-vitro. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk untuk menguji aktivitas antidiabetes ekstrak etanol daun kirinyuh secara in vitro menggunakan metode penghambatan enzim α-amilase dan glukoamilase. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode DNS secara spektrofotometri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstral etanol daun kirinyuh terbukti memiliki aktivitas penghambatan terhadap enzim α-amilase dan glukoamilase dengan nilai IC50 masing-masing, yaitu sebesar 3730,15 ± 28,91 ppm atau 3730,15 ± 28,91 μg/mL dan 2510,78 ± 383,37 ppm atau 2510,78 ± 383,37 μg/mL. Dari hasil dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun kirinyuh memiliki aktivitas penghambatan terhadap enzim α-amilase dan glukoamilase.
Legal Status of MoU Determining The Limits of The Territory Area Between Indonesia and Malaysia
Authors: Dwi Ambarina Rita Kadarsih  , Putra Kurnia Mahendra , Hidayatullah Syukri
Published: July 2022

The border region is the front territory of the country jurisdiction and posses an important role in the matter of enforcement of national law sovereignty. Sebatik Island owned by two countries, Indonesia and Malaysia. Demarcation of territorial boundaries in Sebatik Island refers to Memorandum of Understanding between the Government of Malaysia and the Government of the Republic of Indonesia regarding Surveys and Demarcation of the Border Line of 1973 which is followed up with the results of a joint Surveys and Demarcation on the island of Borneo poured in the form of an advanced Memorandum of Understanding containing each boundary point which has been agreed upon.From 1973 to 2017 there are 9 (nine) points of Outstanding Boundary Problem (OBP) on Sebatik Island that have not been agreed by both countries. The boundary disputes have led to unclear legal status of Sebatik Island's land border territory within the framework of international treaty law and also led to the uncertainty of the status of the MoU as the legal basis for the determination of state borders between Indonesia and Malaysia on Sebatik Island.This law research questioning two issue. First, what factors make the border region not yet regulated by international agreements on borders. Second, how the legal status of the 1973 Memorandum of Understanding in stipulate the point of demarcation between Indonesia and Malaysia in the perspective of international treaty law. Based on the research, the factor that caused the border area not yet been regulated by a definitive border agreement is the disparity of reference between Indonesia and Malaysia to determining the land boundary in Sebatik Island. Indonesia uses the provisions of 4o 10 'LU degree while Malaysia uses existing pillar references. This dispute involve the overlap of the Sebatik Island border area from both countries. Thus, the legal status of the 1973 Memorandum of Understanding has not been binding as law either in national law or as an agreement in international law.
Demokrasi Deliberatif dalam Konsep Amandemen Konstitusi Indonesia
Authors: Bayu Aryanto
Published: July 2022

Amendemen konstitusi merupakan suatu keniscayaan untuk dilaksanakan. Wacana amendemen kelima menjadi suatu perhatian khusus untuk dicermati dengan baik. Beragam isu penting menjadi topik yang akan menjadi objek amendemen. Proses amendemen sebelumnya mendapatkan kritik terkait kepentinggan politik yang mempengaruhi hasil amendemen. Hal itu menjadi dasar pelaksanaan amendemen selanjutnya harus melalui prosedur yang baik dan sesuai dengan prinsip negara hukum. Demokrasi deliberatif menjadi konsep yang penting dalam proses amendemen konstitusi. Hal itu dikarenakan demokrasi deliberatif dianggap dapat mengakomodir segala kepentingan elemen masyarakat. Prinsip demokrasi deliberatif memberikan ruang terhadap titik temu antara pengambil keputusan dan masyarakat. Konsep yang lebih terbuka juga menjadi hal penting dalam pelaksanaan teori demokrasi deliberatif. Dengan begitu, konsep amendemen konstitusi dapat dilakukan dengan baik dan sesuai dengan arah tujuan masyarakat bukan golongan tertentu. Demokrasi deliberatif menyatukan berbagai kepentingan yang timbul dalam masyarakat Indonesia yang heterogen. Hal tersebut akan menghasilkan konstitusi dari musyawarah yang baik bukan dipaksakan. Konsep yang mengelaborasi sistem keterwakilan dengan proses yang memberikan ruang publik untuk terlibat dan berpartisipasi ini akan menjadi sebuah ikhtiar dalam mewujudkan konstitusi yang diharapkan semua warga negara.
Pemberantasan Pencucian Uang dengan Pendekatan Follow the Money dan Follow the Suspect
Authors: Ginting Yuni Priskila
Published: July 2022

Tindak pidana pencucian uang terdapat karakteristik khusus yang membedakan dengan tindak pidana. Tindak pidana pencucian uang merupakan follow up crime, sedangkan hasil kejahatan yang diproses pencucian uang disebut sebagai predicate offence. Predicate crime dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 2010 tentang Pencegahan dan Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang menggunakan pendekatan follow the money dan follow the suspect berdasarkan teori hukum guna memastikan adanya tindak pidana pencucian uang. Cara efektif dalam memberantas tindak pidana pencucin uang dengan menyamakan persepsi dan kerjasama aparat penegak hukum dalam menggunakan pendekatan follow the money sebagai pelengkap pendekatan follow the suspect untuk memperoleh hasil yang maksimal dalam pemberantasan tindak pidana pencucian uang.
Urgensi Kriminalisasi Pengguna Jasa Prostitusi Online Sebagai Upaya Penanggulangan Permasalahan Sosial di Indonesia
Authors: Ilyas Adam , Apriyani Maria Novita
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui urgensi kriminalisasi pengguna jasa prostitusi online. Metode penelitian dalam tulisan ini adalah penelitian yuridis-normatif. Penelitian ini menghasilkan temuan adanya kekosongan hukum mengenai pengaturan kriminalisasi penggua jasa dan inkonsistensi hukum dalam penegakan dan penanggulangan prostitusi online. Pengguna jasa dalam praktek prostitusi online merupakan pihak yang terpenting karena telah menjadi prinsip dasar bahwa tidak akan ada penjual jika tidak ada pembelinya. Oleh karena itu, apabila pengguna jasa prostitusi online tidak segera dikriminalisasikan, maka pengguna prostitusi online akan tetap leluasa dan merasa aman melakukan praktek pelacuran yang pada akhirnya menyebabkan meningkatnya permasalahan sosial yang berdampak dalam bidang hak asasi manusia, social, agama, dan kesehatan karena prostitusi online merupakan perbuatan yang hina, immoral, dan tidak sesuai dengan nilai-nilai yang terkandung dalam Pancasila. Dengan demikian diperlukan pembaharuan hukum pidana dengan mengkriminalisasikan pengguna jasa prostitusi online demi menanggulangi permasalahan sosial serta terciptanya keadilan dan kepastian hukum untuk perlindungan dan kesejahteraan masyarakat.
Sanksi Pencemaran Lingkungan Hidup dalam Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja: Studi Komparatif Negara Jepang
Authors: Yanti Aviany , Fitri Winda
Published: July 2022

Pengaturan sanksi pencemaran lingkungan hidup di Indonesia mengalami perubahan setelah disahkannya Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja (“UU Cipta Kerja”). Terdapat beberapa perubahan dan penghapusan pasal-pasal krusial seperti perubahan izin lingkungan menjadi persetujuan lingkungan, penambahan sanksi baru berupa denda administratif, penghapusan sanksi pidana terkait pembuangan limbah B3 tanpa izin, pergeseran yang menyebabkan multitafsir makna terkait konsep strict liability, dan penyusunan Amdal tanpa sertifikat kompetensi yang dulunya diatur sebagai sanksi pidana kini menjadi denda administratif. Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi menyatakan bahwa UU Cipta Kerja berstatus inkonstitusional bersyarat menimbulkan implikasi bagi pemberlakuan UU Cipta Kerja di masa depan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode doktrinal, dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan komparatif (comparative approach). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perubahan-perubahan ketentuan sanki lingkungan pasca diberlakukannya UU Cipta Kerja dan mengetahui perbandingan ketentuan sanki lingkungan di negara Jepang. Utamanya untuk melakukan kajian terkait perbandingan hukum pengaturan di bidang lingkungan pada negara Jepang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan hukum lingkungan hidup di Jepang, dimana pengaturan penerapan sanksi pidana, pengawasan, perizinan dan penerapan mekanisme pembuktian dengan konsep strict liability lebih ketat, selain itu adanya kesadaran dan budaya hukum masyarakat yang tinggi akan pentingnya lingkungan hidup itu sendiri yang dapat menjadi contoh dan pembelajaran bagi Indonesia.
Efektivitas Pengawasan Pelayanan Publik oleh Ombudsman Republik Indonesia
Authors: Ishak Nurfaika
Published: July 2022

Pengawasan adalah tindakan yang dilakukan dalam suatu hal yang bertujuan agar apa yang menjadi objek pengawasan tersebut berjalan sesuatu dengan seharusnya sehingga tidak terjadi “detournement de pouvoir”. Pelayanan publik merupakan suatu aktivitas atau interaksi antara masyarakat dan pemerintah atau birokrasi. Pelayanan publik yang baik akan membentuk pemerintahan yang baik “good governance”. Pelayanan publik sangat dibutuhkan oleh masyarakat di segala bidang kehidupan. Oleh karena itu, eksisnya sebuah lembaga independen yang berwenang untuk mengawasi jalannya penyelenggaraan pelayanan publik menjadi penting. Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 37 Tahun 2008, lembaga negara yang berwenang untuk mengawasi penyelenggaraan pelayanan publik adalah Ombudsman Republik Indonesia. Kajian menarik adalah bagaimana kemudian efektivitas pengawasan pelayanan publik yang dilakukan oleh Ombudsman RI. Pendekatan penelitian hukum normative, pengumpulan data dengan sumber hukum primer dan pengumpulan data sekunder dari literatur yang berhubungan dengan topik pembahasan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa tidak seluruh laporan yang masuk ke meja Ombudsman RI dapat diselesaikan. Ombudsman masih memiliki keterbatasan, salah satunya adalah apabila laporan masyatakat tersebut tidak dapat dilanjutkan jika hasil pemeriksaan substantif menunjukkan bahwa ombudsman tidak berwenang melanjutkan pemeriksaan. Namun, dapat dilihat bahwa masyarakat mulai memberikan kepercayaan kepada Ombudsman RI dengan terjadinya peningkatan konsultasi non laporan yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat periode 2017-2021.
Adaptive Fuzzy-PID Controller for Liquid Flow Control in theHeating Tank System
Authors:   Politeknik Negeri Bandung Jl. Gegerkalong Hilir, Ds. Ciwaruga, Bandung,40559, INDONESIA, Yahya Sofian , Al Tahtawi Adnan Rafi ,   Politeknik Negeri Bandung Jl. Gegerkalong Hilir, Ds. Ciwaruga, Bandung,40559, INDONESIA, Wijayanto Kartono ,   Politeknik Negeri Bandung Jl. Gegerkalong Hilir, Ds. Ciwaruga, Bandung,40559, INDONESIA, Faizah Bani Asriatul ,   Politeknik Negeri Bandung Jl. Gegerkalong Hilir, Ds. Ciwaruga, Bandung,40559, INDONESIA
Published: July 2022

Liquid flow control systems are often used in some industrial processes. One of theproblems is the existence of disturbance that can cause the flow response to become unstable. Thus, it is necessary to re-tuning the controller when the disturbance occurs. This study aims to design and implement an Adaptive Fuzzy-PID (AF-PID) controller for the liquid flow control in the heating tank system. We develop an industrial plant prototype of a heating tank process to test the designed controller on a laboratory scale. AF-PID controller is used to controlling the flow rate when the disturbance occurs. This controller was chosen because it has the ability to adapt PID parameters when a disturbance occurs based on fuzzy logic.The nominal PID controller constants will adjust by additional PID parameters when there is a disturbance based on the Mamdani type fuzzy logic rule. The hardware experimental result shows that the designed controller can maintain the stability of the liquid flow when given 50% and 100% pipe leakages with maximum undershot by 3.33% and 24% respectively.
A Review of Metal Injection Moulding on WC-Co Cemented Carbide Comprised of Grain Growth Inhibitors (GGI)
Authors:   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering,  Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, MALAYSIA, Khairudin Siti Nur Fatimah , Pahroraji Hazriel Faizal ,   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering,  Universiti Teknologi MARA Kampus Pasir Gudang, 81750 Masai, Johor, MALAYSIA, Alias Siti Khadijah ,   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering,  Universiti Teknologi MARA Kampus Pasir Gudang, 81750 Masai, Johor, MALAYSIA, Ibrahim Mohd Halim Irwan ,   Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering,  Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, MALAYSIA
Published: July 2022

This paper aims to provide a summary of metal injection moulding technologies utilising cemented WC-Co carbides comprised of grain growth inhibitors (GGI). The advanced manufacturing of metal injection moulding (MIM) has the ability to produce cement nanostructured carbides. In addition, the nature of the feedstock plays a crucial role when manufacturing a defect-free component at each point of the MIM phase, thus the interactions between the metal powder and the binder combining, moulding, and debinding are important to be recognised. The primary objective of this analysis is to investigate the characterization of feedstock to form a homogenous mixture. There are five criteria to classify features of the feedstock which include powder characteristics, binder composition, powder content ratio, mixing cycle, and approaches to palletization. Not only that, the feedstock must meet specific criteria; higher powder loading with excellent flowability by the rheological approaches. The second goal of the research is to re-evaluate feedstock’s flow properties in relation to rheological activity in terms of index flow behaviour (n), activation energy (E), and mouldability (α). MIM practitioners have continued to underestimate erratic product quality, including inadequate regulation, distortion, and internal and external defects. These defects can arise in the early processing phases, but often occur only after sintering or debinding. The approaches are also challenging to provide. This chapter includes a description of MIM defects. Explanations are listed and recommendations are provided for these defects.
Comparison of Selected Agro-Based Filter Media for Stormwater Quality Improvement
Authors:   Faculty of Engineering,  Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, MALAYSIA, Awang Ali Awang Nasrizal , Awang Matusin Nur Hanisa ,   Faculty of Engineering,  Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, MALAYSIA, Awang Aziz Ani Aryanie ,   Faculty of Engineering,  Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, MALAYSIA, Bolong Nurmin ,   Faculty of Engineering,  Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, MALAYSIA, Abdul Taha Nazaruddin ,   Faculty of Engineering,  Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, MALAYSIA
Published: July 2022

Polluted stormwater has become a severe problem in the environment as the runoff collecting various contaminants before discharged into water bodies, degrading the water quality and risking aquatic life. This study aims to evaluate selected agro-based filter media to treat stormwater through environmental laboratory works. These include kernel shell, coconut husk, coconut shell, durian shell, sugarcane bagasse, and pineapple leaves. The stormwater samples used were collected from a pond in Universiti Malaysia Sabah, whereas the filter column is configured through a combination of 80% of agro-based media and 20% of aggregate. Filter performance is evaluated for turbidity, pH, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, and ammoniacal nitrogen. Overall, the findings show the potential in utilizing agro-based media, particularly the shell-based media of CS300, KS300, and DS200. Further investigations are recommended to further study the application of agro-based media in improving the quality of stormwater.
Rapid-Slow Sand Filtration for Groundwater Treatment: Effect of Filtration Velocity and Initial Head Loss
Authors:   Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering,   University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, UNITED KINGDOM, Che Harun Mohammad Hakim , Ahmad Muhammad Irfan ,   Environmental Sustainable Materials Research Interest Group,   Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, MALAYSIA, Jusoh Ahmad ,   Environmental Sustainable Materials Research Interest Group,   Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, MALAYSIA, Ali Asmadi ,   Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics,   Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, MALAYSIA, Hamzah Sofiah ,   Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics,   Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, MALAYSIA
Published: July 2022

Iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) are two of many substances that are causing harm to human health and various environmental contamination. This study investigates the performance of rapid sand filter as an improvement to the existing commercial filter media. Rapid sand filters were tested using groundwater collected from Kg Budi Kelantan. Groundwater collected were tested using seven velocities ranging from 0.89 to 5.04 m/hr. The concentration of Mn, Fe and turbidity of the treated groundwater were compared. It is found that the highest Mn, Fe and turbidity removal were recorded by using velocity of 4.38 m/hr followed by 2.95 m/hr and 2.4 m/hr. These three velocities represent more than 95% removal of final treated groundwater, where final Fe, Mn and turbidity ranging from 0.06 mg/L to 0.09 mg/L, 0 to 0.4 mg/L and 0.9 to 3.0 NTU, respectively. A positive trend also recorded where the initial head loss of the sand filter is directly proportional to the flow velocity. This means the filter media was still under a clean condition and no accumulation of sediment deposit occurs. The significance of this study to treat groundwater by removing the iron and manganese especially in rural areas were achieved successfully.
Human Response and Annoyance Towards Ground-Borne Vibration Induced by Railway Traffic
Authors:   Faculty of Civil Engineering,  Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40000, Shah Alam, Selangor, MALAYSIA, Mohd Lazi Mohd Khairul Afzan , Adnan Muhammad Akram ,   Faculty of Civil Engineering,  Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40000, Shah Alam, Selangor, MALAYSIA, Sulaiman Norliana ,   Faculty of Civil Engineering,  Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40000, Shah Alam, Selangor, MALAYSIA
Published: July 2022

Limited findings regarding the level of perceived irritability and annoyance experienced by the affected people living near to the source of the vibrations especially in Malaysia has become the ultimate motivation for this study. This paper attempted to gather the empirical data by setting up a few basic instruments to measure the vibration induced by railway traffic at the site under study. The collected data would determine the vibration level and how it affects human annoyance based on the Malaysian standard guideline. In this paper, identifying the vibration level induced by rail traffic can be used to gauge the level of annoyance and discomfort experienced by the residents living close to the railway tracks. This data can be used to mitigate the problems created by the ground-borne vibration in Malaysia. The vibration data were observed to investigate the level of vibration towards the human response and annoyance by comparing the collected data to the standard guidelines. In this study, the receivers of the vibrations were limited to the residents living nearby the railway track along the designated areas under study. This paper is expected to bridge the gap of knowledge regarding the fundamental understanding of the ground-borne vibration that consists of the combination of several branches of learning on the local rail traffic condition.
An Evaluation of Cots-Based Radar for Very Small Drone Sense and Avoid Application
Authors:   Microwave Research Institute,   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, 40450, MALAYSIA, Mohd Shariff Khairul Khaizi , Zainuddin Suraya ,   Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technology,  Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Melaka 76100, MALAYSIA, Abd Rashid Nur Emileen ,   Microwave Research Institute,   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, 40450, MALAYSIA, Mohd Nasir Rizal Effendy ,   School of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering,  Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, MALAYSIA, Wisnoe Wirachman ,   School of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering,  Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, MALAYSIA, Sulaiman Saiful Aman ,   Malaysia Institute of Transport (MITRANS)   Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, MALAYSIA
Published: July 2022

The use of very small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly common these days but its applications are limited to the pilot line-of-sight view. To extend its use beyond the pilot view, UAVs need to be equipped sense and avoid (SAA) system to avoid potential collisions. However, the development of SAA for very small drones is still in the infancy stage mainly due to the high cost of design and development for reliable range sensors. Recent developments of very small size and lightweight commercial off-the-shelf (COTS)-based radar systems may become a crucial element in very small drone applications. These types of radars are primarily developed for industrial sensing but can be adapted for applications such SAA. Thus, this paper contributes to the survey of a miniature and lightweight radar sensor to assist the SAA development. The focus of this paper is to analyse the eligibility of a COTS-based radar in detecting very small drones. For this purpose, we used a frequency-modulated continuous radar (FMCW) developed by Infineon Technologies. Field test results show the real-time capability of the radar sensor to detect the very small drones within ± 0.5 meters in static and dynamic conditions.
Self-Initiated Professional Development (SI-PD) Elements for Malaysian Vocational Colleges’ TVET Teachers Using Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM)
Authors:   Faculty of Social Science and Humanities, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, 81310, MALAYSIA, Abdul Rahman Nur Leenna , Mokhtar Mahani ,   Faculty of Social Science and Humanities, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, 81310, MALAYSIA, Ali Dayana Farzeeha ,   Faculty of Social Science and Humanities, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, 81310, MALAYSIA
Published: July 2022

Self-Initiated Professional Development (SI-PD) has gained much attention lately due to increasing concern on the effectiveness of teachers’ professional development practice. It is also one of Ministry of Education (MOE) agenda in Malaysia Education Blueprint (MEB) 2013-2025 to transform Continuous Professional Development (CPD) by increasing Self-Initiated Professional Development (SI-PD) from 16 percent to 60 percent and reducing Ministry-led professional development by the year of 2025. Specifically, the aim of this study was to explore the elements required in Self-Initiated Professional Development (SI-PD) framework for TVET teachers in vocational colleges according to experts’ consensus. Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) was used as a tool in this study to explore the elements and data presented here were a part of a larger study which explored SI-PD among TVET teachers in Vocational Colleges. Nineteen experts were involved consisted of MOE officers, lecturers from universities and teacher training institutions who have at least five years of experience in teachers’ professional development and TVET. Based on the data analysis, the defuzzification values for all elements exceeded the minimum value 33.6 and therefore, the findings conclusively suggested that the experts have consensually agreed that there are ten elements required in Self-Initiated Professional Development (SI-PD). The ranking of the elements based on experts’ consensus was listed as follows, (1) Industrial attachment opportunity, (2) Attitude, (3) Understanding, (4) Collaborative environment, (5) School administrators’ role, (6) Strategy, (7) Readiness, (8) Autonomy, (9) Reward and (10) Professional development system. The findings were used to design Self-Initiated Professional Development (SI-PD) framework for TVET teachers in vocational colleges. This study also promotes the suitability of Fuzzy Delphi Method as a current research tool in the field of research on professional development. The proposed SI-PD elements can underpin TVET teachers’ professional learning and support the cultivation of Self-Directed Learning (SDL) which then enable changes in their teaching and learning practice to be more meaningful and effective.