bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fragments and Fakes: The Arbor consanguinitatis of the Fondation Martin Bodmer and a Contemporary Forgery
Authors: Duba William , Flüeler Christoph
Published: January 2021

A tree of consanguinity (arbor consanguinitatis) contained in a manuscript published on e-codices (Cologny, Fondation Martin Bodmer, Cod. Bodmer 28), served as the model for a new class of forgery. An analysis of the Bodmer leaf in the context of other arbores consanguinitatis shows how the leaf relates to tradition; an examination of the leaf’s history and provenance reveals that the leaf was mutilated, probably in the mid-twentieth century. The forgery is proven to be such through a paleographical and content analysis of the script, and through an examination of the leaf’s method of composition. A second forgery is examined, a fragment of Jerome’s Epistle 53, fabricated from the first folio of another e-codices manuscript, Aarau, Aargauer Kantonsbibliothek MsWettF 11. The forgeries and their circulation provides the opportunity for an assessment of the changing role of manuscript fragments and fakes in the twenty-first century.
Биополитические и цифровые тенденции развития политико-правовых практик в период пандемии
Authors: Mamychev Аleksey , Petrova Darya
Published: January 2021

Статья ставит своей целью выявить главные изменения и направления публично-властных отношений в России в период пандемии новой коронавирусной инфекции Covid-19. В качестве теоретико-методологической основы применяются междисциплинарный подход и биополитическая концепция властных отношений. Авторы приходят к выводу, что наравне с положительными аспектами цифровизации необходимо говорить, как минимум, о трех негативных тенденциях, которые проявились в период пандемии: ускоренном или даже агрессивном насаждении цифровизации без достаточной подготовки; использовании достижений технологической революции в целях контроля и учета данных о населении; снижении качества правового регулирования, выраженного в опоре на административно-властные акты и легитимацию властных решений. Ключевые слова и словосочетания: властные отношения, государство, легитимация, общественно-политическая организация, правовая политика, цифровизация, цифровые технологии.
The history of the transformation of robots: from the first mechanical devices to combat robots with artificial intelligence. The legal regulation of their use in armed conflicts
Authors: Vereshchagin Sergey
Published: January 2021

В статье рассматриваются вопросы, связанные с эволюцией развития механических уст-ройств, которые стали основой создания современных роботов, в том числе военных. С одной стороны, применение военных роботов, способных самостоятельно действовать в вооруженных конфликтах, рассматривается сегодня как неизбежный этап развития современной войны, поскольку они обладают огромными преимуществами по сравнению с живыми людьми, способны заменять солдат в боевых ситуациях, несовместимых с возможностями человека на поле боя: разведка, боевые действия, разминирование территории и т.д. С другой стороны, возникают этические проблемы, связанные с применением правовой ответственности «квазисубъекта» – оператора, дистанционно управляющего боевыми роботами. Автор приходит к выводу, что любые автономные боевые устройства, даже наделенные искусственным интеллектом, должны всегда находиться под контролем человека, а в ситуации, когда робот убил невиновного человека, «квазисубъект» – оператор должен быть привлечен к ответственности. Ключевые слова и словосочетания: искусственный интеллект, робототехника, роботы, автономные боевые роботы, БПЛА, международное гуманитарное право, правовая ответственность.
Teacher Engagement in Poland: Research Contexts and Support Tool Proposals
Authors: Świętek Agnieszka , Osuch Wiktor
Published: January 2021

In the process of the effective management of business enterprises and educational institutions, in addition to other factors affecting their success, the involvement of leaders and employees proves to be the critical issue. Enterprises incur a considerable expenditure of time and work on managing and increasing the commitment of their employees, as opposed to the education sector. Effective school management and teacher involvement have a considerable impact on the quality of teachers’ work, and this affects the level of education and upbringing of students. The authors of the study describe the involvement of the work of teachers in four contexts: their professional development, professional advancement system, burnout processes, and the assessment of the effectiveness of their work based their students’ learning. Cooperation within the international Engagement & Beyond project, aiming at developing a practical tool for school management, facilitates the process of understanding the main mechanisms of teacher engagement. The system will automatically adjust the tools for measuring and raising the level of teacher involvement, taking the form both of detailed surveys developed by psychologists and human resource specialists, and materials prepared at the diagnosed motivation level of each participant. School management will be able then to diagnose the level of involvement of employees and create an action plan appropriate to needs at both personal and organisational levels.
Przedsiębiorczość wybranych biur podróży prowadzonych przez brazylijską Polonię w Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Ziółkowska-Weiss Kamila
Published: January 2021

Powstanie oraz intensywny rozwój przedsiębiorstw turystycznych, w szczególności biur podróży, wiązały się z żywiołowym rozwojem ruchu turystycznego oraz tworzeniem się zrębów rynku turystycznego w pierwszej połowie XIX w. Ówczesne natężenie ruchu turystycznego skłoniło osoby fizyczne do podejmowania działalności gospodarczej, która polegała na sprzedawaniu usług takich jak wyżywienie, nocleg czy transport, a także na przygotowywaniu kompleksowych ofert usług turystycznych. W artykule omówiona zostanie krótko historia Polonii w Brazylii, historia powstawania biur podróży na świecie oraz działalność biur podróży w Rio de Janeiro, prowadzonych przez brazylijską Polonię. Biura te w dużej mierze specjalizują się w obsłudze Polaków przybywających do Brazylii na wakacje. Badania, na wynikach których opiera się artykuł, prowadzone były w roku 2019, a dzięki danym z biur podróży opisane zostały kierunki turystyczne najczęściej wybierane przez Polaków przybywających do Brazylii i korzystających z ofert lokalnych biur podróży. W artykule scharakteryzowano dwa prężnie działające polskie biura w Rio de Janeiro: Brazylia Tour oraz Samba Smile Travel. Omówiona została oferta turystyczna tych biur podróży, liczba obsługiwanych przez nich klientów oraz specyfika funkcjonowania polskich biur podróży w Rio de Janeiro. Przedstawiona została również oferta wycieczek po mieście obsługiwanych w języku polskim przez lokalnych przewodników.
An Overview On Transmission Of Diseases In Special Reference To COVID-19 And Potential Targets To Control This Pandemic
Authors:   University Of Agriculture & Technology, Yadav Vibha
Published: January 2021

With its initial outbreak in China, the virus was referred as "coronavirus". WHO has named it "severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2" (SARS-CoV-2). It has been described as the successor to SARS-CoV-1 which is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus. The virus spreads mainly between people who are in close contact (less than two metres or six feet) through small droplets produced during coughing, sneezing, or talking. Infected people exhale the contaminated droplets which are then inhaled into the lungs, or settle on other non- infected people's faces his/her mucosae (mouth and nose) or conjunctiva (eyes) get exposed to potentially infective respiratory droplets to cause new infection. Organism may enter to human cells by binding to the receptor angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Research works are in progress to find potential targets to control the pandemic. To control and treat the virus various targets are under study and these targets range from modulating host cell receptor for the virus entry to generate an effective adaptive immune response.
STATE OF CONTINUOUS BLOOD COAGULATION AS AN INDICATOR OF THE INFLUENCE OF EXTERNAL DISTURBING FACTORS ON THE MAMMAL’S BODY
Authors:   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Soloviev Vladimir Georgievich , Kalashnikova Svetlana Petrovna , Nikonova Lyubov Gennadievna , Gagaro Margarita Albertovna , Samoilov Anton Viktorovich ,   District clinical hospital, Rokina Olga Alexandrovna , Astakhova Tatyana Yurievna
Published: January 2021

The acceleration of continuously proceeding blood coagulation can occur under the influence of various external factors. The degree of change in the parameters of hemostasis depends on the intensity and duration of the influence of disturbing agents, often reaching critical values. It is significant that even the most insignificant, low-intensity impacts affect the state of hemostasis, and the hemostasiological picture itself is a kind of indicator of the intensity of stress effects on a living organism.
Effect of bio-inoculants on growth and yield of betel vine (Piper betle)
Authors: Chitra R. , Janaki D. , Jansirani P.
Published: January 2021

Betel vine (Piper betel) cultivation and the consumption of betel leaves is a very traditional and widespread practice in India and many South-East Asian countries. The marginal and small farmers generally cultivate betel vine in their small holdings which provide them with a means of alternative cash earning to meet their day to day livelihood. Chewing betel leaves is an old habit of the people residing in subtropical countries. It is used in several traditional remedies for the treatment of stomach ailments, infections and as a general tonic. As betel leaf is directly chewed, there is a need to improve the leaf yield and to optimize the usage of manures for the leaf production. A study was taken up to assess the efficacy of some of the bio-inoculants in combination with inorganic fertilizers in betel vine cv. SGM 1 under an open system of deep trench method. Among the various treatments, Azospirillum @ 5 kg coupled with 100 kg each of P and K ha-1 had recorded the highest vine length (195.6 cm), more number of laterals per vine (22.3) and highest leaf yield ha-1 (44.7 lakh).
Gender aspects of everyday life of a modern Ossetian family
Authors: Dzagurova Natal'ya  Khadzhumarovna
Published: January 2021

The purpose of the study is to analyze the gender aspects of everyday life in a modern Ossetian family. The subject of the study is the historical and cultural context that contributed to the formation and modernization of behavioral practices of everyday domestic work, power and role distribution in the modern Ossetian family. The object of the study is models of intra-family gender behavior. The paper uses the method of system analysis, which allowed us to consider gender relations in the family as system-forming elements of social relations. The use of the comparative historical method made it possible to comprehend the general patterns of the development of gender relations and to identify the prerequisites and mechanisms for the formation of a certain gender order in chronological order. The paper presents models of everyday intra-family gender behavior, formulated criteria on the basis of which these models are determined. The stages of historical and cultural formation of modern gender aspects in the context of the formation and modernization of intra-family behavioral practices are determined. Based on the analysis of the empirical base of the study, the prevailing models of intra-family gender behavior in the modern Ossetian family are determined. The reasons for the low prevalence of egalitarian attitudes in the region are outlined. It is concluded that despite the external presentability, the modern Ossetian family remains a carrier of gender asymmetry, maintaining the status of the norm regarding the "double employment" of women.
The development of musical and singing culture and sociopolitical situation on the Korean Peninsula from the liberation to the Korean War
Authors: Gruzdev Aleksandr
Published: January 2021

The subject of this research is the impact of sociopolitical situation on the Korean Peninsula upon the establishment and development of musical culture of the Koreans since 1945 to the beginning of the Korean War. The goal is to demonstrate the effect of political and social situation upon music and songs of the Koreans, as well as outline the vectors of their development during the period under review. In the course of research, the author analyzes the historical, political and social background, within the framework of which was formed the musical and song tradition of the Koreans of that time. The article also traces the evolution of Korean music and song genre and the factors that exerted influence on it. The Russian Korean studies do not feature comprehensive research dedicated to musical and song culture of the Koreans of the period after liberation from the Japanese Rule, which defines novelty of this work. The conclusion is made that the political and social situation on the Korean Peninsula significantly influences the development of music and song genre. The two categories of music performers were determined: politicized and non-politicized. Politicized performers were represented by the supporters of left-wing views or right-wing views. The adherers of left-wing views sought for a new path of development of the Korean music, while the right-wing supporters used the motifs already familiar to the Korean public. Non-politicizes music performers and singers followed the popular trends among the audience, which was influenced by the presence of US military on the Korean Peninsula.
Conhecimento de profissionais da saúde em hipertensão arterial sistêmica: intervenção com cartilha ilustrativa
Authors: Nóbrega Nathália Bianca Gomes , De Farias Andreza Josiany Aires , Neto José Rocha Gouveia , Neves Mayza Luzia dos Santos , Alves Amanda Alana de Miranda , De Carvalho Ana Letícia Alves , Alves Érica Pereira , De Andrade Daniele Mamédio , Medeiros Letícia Lany de Miranda , Almeida Taciana da Costa Farias
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito de uma capacitação com cartilha ilustrativa no conhecimento dos profissionais sobre a hipertensão arterial e o atendimento ao paciente hipertenso. Métodos: Pesquisa quantitativa descritiva do tipo pesquisa-ação, com observação dos efeitos produzidos por ações de intervenção. Este estudo foi dividido em dois momentos, o primeiro destinado à resolução de questionário acerca da Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica, do qual participaram 27 profissionais e o segundo momento, uma capacitação na modalidade de roda de conversa junto ao uso de cartilha ilustrativa. Em seguida, aplicou-se novamente o questionário, colaborando com esta etapa 20 participantes. O conhecimento, portanto, foi avaliado com base em respostas de questionário aplicado antes e após intervenções educativas. Resultados: Houve maior frequência de acertos na resolução do questionário após ações de intervenção, com melhora do conhecimento no tocante à hipertensão e ao cuidado do paciente hipertenso. A capacitação foi referida pela totalidade 20 (100%) dos participantes que responderam a segunda aplicação do questionário como favorável ao aprendizado. Conclusão: a educação permanente se mostrou satisfatória por promover melhora do nível de conhecimento no que se trata a Hipertensão Arterial, assim como as estratégias utilizadas viáveis para qualificação profissional.
Analysis of the Surface Subsidence of Porong and Surrounding Area, East Java, Indonesia based on Interferometric Satellite Aperture Radar (InSAR) Data.
Authors: Arifianto Indra , Wibowo Rahmat Catur
Published: January 2021

Since 2006, the mud volcano erupted in the Porong area due to wellbore failure triggered by an earthquake (2006) epicenter in the Jogjakarta area. The mud volcano buried several villages with mud and continued erupted until today. Based on the InSAR data, it can be seen that the subsidence is still happening near the dam area and another area that is not related to mud volcano eruption such as the production of two gas fields in the Porong area. Moreover, the Porong area is flat and low, less than 4 meters above sea level. The analysis shows that the subsidence rate in this area is up to 0.5 m/yr. If this subsidence is continuing, the city can be sinking and flooding during the rainy season. The prediction result from this method is about 10 years more and 36 years since in 2006 based on the mudflow rate method.
The Contribution of Education to the Advancement of the Knowledge Based Economy
Authors: Douar Aicha
Published: January 2021

The economic crises which have been witnessed in the capitalist economy have led the decision makers to consider an alternative economy that could enable them to overcome those crises. The knowledge-based economy that invests in human thoughts has become a reliable alternative in its foundational dimensions such as education, innovation and technology. Focusing on education would make us ask: In what ways can a teacher invest in the learner’s thoughts? The objective of this research is to try to answer the raised question. Dealing with the previous studies besides listing the personal experience in teaching, and proposing a model lesson could lead to a result: the students link between their studies and make their innovations concrete and contributive to the economy of their country. Otherwise, this research will pave the way to more diligence.
A Universal Standard Archive File for Adsorption Data
Authors: Evans Jack D. , Bon Volodymyr , Senkovska Irena , Kaskel Stefan
Published: January 2021

New advanced adsorbents are a crucial driver for the development of energy and environmental applications. Tremendous potential is provided by machine learning and data mining techniques, as these approaches can identify the most appropriate adsorbent for a particular application. However, the current scientific reporting of adsorption isotherms in graphs and figures is not adequate to reproduce original experimentally measured data.

This report proposes the specification of a new standard adsorption information file (AIF) inspired by the ubiquitous crystallographic information file (CIF) and based on the self-defining text archive and retrieval (STAR) procedure, also used to represent biological nuclear magnetic resonance experiments (NMR-STAR). The AIF is a flexible and easily extended free-format archive file that is readily human and machine readableand is simple to edit using a basic text editor or parse for database curation. This format represents the first steps toward an open adsorption data format as a basis for a decentralized adsorption data library.

An open format facilitates the electronic transmission of adsorption data between laboratories, journals and larger databases, which is key in the effort to increase open science in the field of porous materials in the future.
Reproducible Untargeted Metabolomics Data Analysis Workflow for Exhaustive MS/MS Annotation
Authors: Yu Miao , Dolios Georgia , Petrick Lauren
Published: January 2021

Unknown features in untargeted metabolomics and non-targeted analysis (NTA) are identified using fragment ions from MS/MS spectra to predict the structures of the unknown compounds. The precursor ion selected for fragmentation is commonly performed using data dependent acquisition (DDA) strategies or following statistical analysis using targeted MS/MS approaches. However, the selected precursor ions from DDA only cover a biased subset of the peaks or features found in full scan data. In addition, different statistical analysis can select different precursor ions for MS/MS analysis, which make the post-hoc validation of ions selected by new statistical methods impossible for precursor ions selected by the original statistical method. Here we propose an automated, exhaustive, statistical model-free workflow: paired mass distance-dependent analysis (PMDDA), for untargeted mass spectrometry identification of unknown compounds. By removing redundant peaks and performing pseudo-targeted MS/MS analysis on independent peaks, we can comprehensively cover unknown compounds found in full scan analysis using a “one peak for one compound” workflow without a priori redundant peak information. We show that compared to DDA, PMDDA is more comprehensive and robust against samples' matrix effects. Further, more compounds were identified by database annotation using PMDDA compared with CAMERA and RAMClustR. Finally, compounds with signals in both positive and negative modes can be identified by the PMDDA workflow, to further reduce redundancies. The whole workflow is fully reproducible as a docker image xcmsrocker with both the original data and the data processing template.
Towards Large-Scale Steady-State Enhanced Nuclear Magnetization with In Situ Detection
Authors: Blanchard John , Ripka Barbara , Suslick Benjamin A. , Gelevski Dario , Wu Teng , Münnemann Kerstin , Barskiy Danila , Budker Dmitry
Published: January 2021

Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange (SABRE) boosts NMR signals of various nuclei enabling new applications spanning from magnetic resonance imaging to analytical chemistry and fundamental physics. SABRE is especially well positioned for continuous generation of enhanced magnetization on a large scale, however, several challenges need to be addressed for accomplishing this goal. Specifically, SABRE requires (i) a specialized catalyst capable of reversible H2 activation and (ii) physical transfer of the sample from the point of magnetization generation to the point of detection (e.g., a high-field or a benchtop NMR spectrometer). Moreover, (iii) continuous parahydrogen bubbling accelerates solvent (e.g., methanol) evaporation, thereby limiting the experimental window to tens of minutes per sample.In this work, we demonstrate a strategy to rapidly generate the best-to-date precatalyst (a compound that is chemically modified in the course of the reaction to yield the catalyst) for SABRE, [Ir(IMes)(COD)Cl] (IMes = 1,3-bis-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-imidazol-2-ylidene, COD = cyclooctadiene) via a highly accessible synthesis. Second, we measure hyperpolarized samples using a home-built zero-field NMR spectrometer and study the field dependence of hyperpolarization directly in the detection apparatus, eliminating the need to physically move the sample during the experiment. Finally, we prolong the measurement time and reduce evaporation by presaturating parahydrogen with the solvent vapor before bubbling into the sample. These advancements extend opportunities for exploring SABRE hyperpolarization by researchers from various fields and pave the way to producing large quantities of hyperpolarized material for long-lasting detection of SABRE-derived nuclear magnetization.
Sustainable Electrochemical Decarboxylative Acetoxylation of Aminoacids in Batch and Continuous Flow
Authors: Köckinger Manuel , Hanselmann Paul , Roberge Dominique M. , Geotti-Bianchini Pierro , Kappe C. Oliver , Cantillo David
Published: January 2021

Introduction of acetoxy groups to organic molecules is important for the preparation of many active ingredients and synthetic intermediates. A commonly used and attractive strategy is the oxidative decarboxylation of aliphatic carboxylic acids, which entails the generation of a new C(sp3)-O bond. This reaction has been traditionally carried out using excess amounts of harmful lead(IV) acetate. A sustainable alternative to stoichiometric oxidants is the Hofer-Moest reaction, which relies in the 2-electron anodic oxidation of the carboxylic acid. However, examples showing electrochemical acetoxylation of amino acids are scarce. Herein we present a general and scalable procedure for the anodic decarboxylative acetoxylation of amino acids in batch and continuous flow mode. The procedure has been applied to the derivatization of several natural and synthetic amino acids, including key intermediates for the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Good to excellent yields were obtained in all cases. Transfer of the process from batch to a continuous flow cell signficantly increased reaction throughput and space-time yield, with excellent product yields obtained even in a single-pass. The sustainability of the electrochemical protocol has been examined by evaluating its green metrics. Comparison with the conventional method demonstrates that an electrochemical approach has a significant positive effect on the greenness of the process
Assessing the Change of Community Pharmacist’s Knowledge on Tuberculosis and Attitude to practice as a Tuberculosis DOTS provider after an Educational Intervention
Authors: Rajeswari Ramasamy  , Guru Prasad Mohanta  , Shobha Rani R Hiremath  , Raman Dang  , Chandramouli R  , Manjiri S Gharat
Published: January 2021

Government of India officially launched Directly Observed Treatment-Short course (DOTS) strategy in 1997 to offer better Tuberculosis (TB) care services under Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program (RNTCP). Under this strategy, DOTS providers need to observe and assist the tuberculosis patient to take their DOTS medicine and document the same after each dosing. As part of Public-Private Mix (PPM) partnership under RNTCP, Community Pharmacists (CPs) needs be trained to observe DOTS.This study was aimed to assess the change of CPs basic knowledge on tuberculosis; and attitude to practice as TB-DOTS provider after an educational intervention. Pretest and post test were carried out for 149 participants, to measure the changes in their TB Knowledge and attitude. The changes in the proportions of choices the subjects were analyzed  using inferential statistical tests. It was evident from our study that CPs in spite of their knowledge about the TB and the pathogenesis, they were found largely unaware of the Government DOTS-TB treatment national policy and the role they can play in their private practice setups
Prevalence of trigeminal neuralgia among dental patients - An institutional study
Authors: Prashaanthi N  , Santhosh Kumar M P  , Shantha Sundari K K
Published: January 2021

Trigeminal neuralgia is a chronic condition which produces severe pain involving a part of the face. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of trigeminal neuralgia among dental patients visiting a dental institution. This retrospective study included patients who were diagnosed with trigeminal neuralgia from July 2019 to March 2020 in a dental hospital. The digital case records of all patients were retrieved and details were recorded, which included the clinical, radiographic examination and treatment undergone by the patients. Variables such as age, gender, site of involvement were also retrieved from the case records. Data were tabulated and statistically analysed using IBM SPSS version 23.0 and results obtained. P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. In the present study, out of 28 patients, males (53.6%) were more affected by trigeminal neuralgia than females (46.4%) with a higher prevalence on the right side (57.1%). Quadrant I (25%) and combination of quadrant II and quadrant III (25%) were most commonly involved by this condition. No statistically significant association was found between age and quadrant affected; gender and quadrant affected. (p>0.05). It can be concluded from our study that males were more affected with trigeminal neuralgia, the majority involving the right side of the face and seen commonly among the elderly age group. Dentists must be aware of the clinical features of trigeminal neuralgia for accurate diagnosis and early initiation of prompt treatment to avoid untoward complications.
Prevalence of diabetes mellitus among patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral potentially malignant disorders - A retrospective study
Authors: Suvarna K  , Hannah R  , Gheena S  , Pratibha Ramani  , Abilasha R
Published: January 2021

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is the 12th most common cancer in the world. 90-95% of oral cancer is OSCC and it can be preceded by oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD). Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major global health issue and various epidemiological studies have implicated diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma and other oral potentially malignant disorders. The study aimed to evaluate the correlation of diabetes mellitus in OSCC, leukoplakia and oral lichen planus patients and also evaluate age and gender predilection in OSCC and OPMD cases with diabetes mellitus. This retrospective study included a sample size of n=226 [156-OPMD, 70-OSCC]. Data regarding the sample cases were selected after the review and analysis of records of about 86000 patients who visited our institution between June 2019 and March 2020. From n=226, 30% of OSCC cases showed the positive diabetic history and 15% of OLP and 8.3% of leukoplakia were associated with DM. A statistically significant association found between diabetes in OSCC, Leukoplakia, OLP cases with p-value (0.001). 90.48% of OSCC and 75% of leukoplakia cases with a positive diabetic history were males. Among OLP, 77.8% of cases with diabetes mellitus were females. The association of prevalence of diabetes mellitus with gender in Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC), Leukoplakia and Oral lichen planus(OLP) was found to be statistically significant (p=0.001). The most prevalent age range for both OSCC and OPMD patients with a history of diabetes mellitus was found to be 50-60 years, followed by above 60 years. In conclusion, there found to be a significant prevalence of DM in OSCC and OPMD cases. The DM status of oral cancer and OPMD patients may have a significant impact on their disease progression and treatment. DM could be considered as a prognostic factor for OSCC and OPMD.
An evaluation on the association between sleep and dietary patterns with obesity - an online cross-sectional study
Authors: Karthik V  , Sridevi G  , Leslie Rani S
Published: January 2021

This survey was taken up to analyze the association between food habits and sleep with obesity. The survey involved 200 healthy participants of both genders.  A cross sectional study was planned among the saveetha university students. Generalised questionnaires which assess the food habits of the participants was designed to find how it relates with obesity and PITTSBURGH sleep quality index (PSQI) was used to assess sleep habits of the subject during the past one month. The responses of the questions were tabulated and the correlation of food habits and sleep with the tendency of obesity and gender-related analysis was done using SPSS software version 22 and the statistical test used was chi-square test and the significance value was fixed at p < 0.05. The results revealed that about 49% of people have trouble sleeping. 51% of people less than once a week face trouble. 53 % of people use the bathroom in the middle of sleep. 56% of people drink soft drinks two times per day. There were also significant changes among genders in the intake of junk food intake, appetite and sleep rating. Thus the study concluded that food habits with the intake of junk food and sleep deprivation with gender correlation predispose to obesity.
Investigation on Haematinic accessible Assortments and Measurable Structures available in Indian Markets
Authors: Rekha Kumari  , Hariprasad Rao L  , Gopinath T T  , Pandiyan K R
Published: January 2021

To investigate Haematinic definitions accessible in India arcade for their assortments of measurements structures, hard salts utilized, the substance of essential iron, recurrence of organization compulsory, the occurrence of extra supplements, levelheadedness and price. Haematinic details recorded in IDR 2018, were investigated for salts of Iron present. Arrangements of ferrous fumarate were additionally investigated for Iron substance, presence of folic corrosive and other included extra parts. A sum of 522 plans, 291 (55.74%) was oral strong measurement structure, 206 (39.46%) were oral fluids and 25 (4.7%) were parenteral. Iron salts in these details were in a type of ferrous fumarate, carbonyl iron, iron ascorbate, iron ammonium citrate, ferric hydroxide polymaltose perplexing, ferrous sulfate, sodium hydrate. Carbonyl iron was available in 92 arrangements and was most ordinarily utilized readiness in oral strong plans. A few details moreover contained Vitamin B12, zinc sulfate, histidine, lysine different multivitamins and calcium arrangements in factor extent. Out of 291 oral strong, 45 (15.46 %) arrangements required organization > three times each day to accomplish the remedial fixation. The normal expense of the sound planning was more than the normal expense of silly arrangement. Investigation of different haematinics shows there is no consistency in details. Iron and folic corrosive are included wide factor range in addition, different substances were additionally included with no very much demonstrated proof. Steps ought to be taken to normalize these details.
Evaluation of Mussaenda erythrophylla Schumach. &Thonn. for Anthelmintic Activity
Authors: Astalakshmi Narayanan  , Senthilkumar Palaniappan
Published: January 2021

Medicinal plants are an essential source of treatment for various ailments. The Rubiaceae family is a rich source of medicinally important herbs. Mussaenda is an active member of the family Rubiaceae.   It is largely seen in parks and gardens as an ornamental plant of India. It is a native of Western tropical Africa. Helminths are a wide choice of organisms which include worms such as parasitic intestinal worms, whipworms (Trichuris trichiura), (Ascaris lumbricoides) or hookworms (Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale) etc. Helminthiasis is a condition of infection by worms. It is commonly known as worm infection As per WHO statistics near about 2 billion peoples are infected by soil-transmitted helminths worldwide. The infected class of peoples were found to be nutritionally and physically impaired. The current study aims at exploring the anthelmintic property of the leaves of Mussaenda erythrophylla  Schumach. & Thonn. Anthelmintic properties of Mussaenda erythrophylla  leaves extracts using  petroleum ether(60-80°C), chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol were evaluated against Phertima posthuma(Indian earth worms) at five concentrations viz.,10mg/ml,20mg/ml, 30mg/ml, 40mg/ml and 50mg/ml. Piperazine citrate is used as the reference standard. The duration taken for paralysis and death of the Phertima posthuma were assessed for all the groups. Methanolic extract of Mussaenda erythrophylla  shows moderately significant anthelmintic property as compared to the non-treated group.
Thyroid Disorders Among People with Type 2 Diabetes in Misan Province: Prevalence Study
Authors: Rasha K Khudhur  , Ishraq J. Hasan  , Maysaa Ghazi  , Malik M. Hasan
Published: January 2021

Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2) with thyroid disorders are common endocrine disorders, and both of them mostly come close in any clinical practice. Hormones of the thyroid gland can influence carbohydrate metabolism. On the other side, there is a degree of insulin resistance in DMT2. The study aimed is to determine the prevalence of thyroid dysfunctions in DMT2.  A cross-sectional study was done enrolling 100 participants included, (n= 40) men, and (n= 60) women, their age ranged between 20-90 years old. Evaluation for thyroid status and assessment of T3, T4, and TSH levels were done. The results were 60% euthyroid, 33% hypothyroid, and 7% hyperthyroid cases from 100 patients with diabetes mellitus; among them, 17% in young adults, 49% in middle age, and 34% in the old age patients, the diabetic patients' results comprised between both sexes were 40% male and 60% females. In a comparison between rural and urban patients, the results were 44% rural and 56% urban. The study found there's 22% of thyroid dysfunction patients were with family history, and 42% of DM patients with family history, besides, there is 28% of patients suffered from hypertension and 33% of patients were smokers. So, the study showed a high prevalence of dysfunction among those with DMT2, especially hypothyroidism. Family history and DM might be pre-existing factors to the development of thyroid dysfunction. Hypertension and tobacco smoking might be a risk factor for thyroid dysfunction.
Pregelatinized Starch: Variability in Gelatinization and its Influence on Product Performance
Authors: Saravanan D  , Prakash Muthudoss  , Praveen Khullar  , Rose Venis A
Published: January 2021

Starch and its derivatives are one of the significant excipients used in the pharmaceutical formulations due to their multi-purpose functionalities. The purpose of this study is two-fold: (1) Firstly, to propose a systematic approach in understanding the material properties of a starch derivative (pregelatinised starch/PGS) using analytical ‘toolbox’ as part of ‘alternative supplier sourcing’, and secondly (2) To demonstrate the effect of PGS from different vendors on the tablet disintegration using model formulations. Contextually, a two-tier characterisation procedure is generally considered as a prerequisite for establishing the sameness of the material obtained either from different batches or from various vendors.  Primarily, the sameness between typical quality-control tests and compendial requirements are to be established. If similar, then sameness between the functional characteristics is to be established. In this context, the PGS from two vendors met the specifications, and there were no differences for the test results in the certificates of analysis. However, when subjected to functionality assessment, the two lots were found to be distinctly different. The influence of the functional property variations was further exemplified from viscosity results of raw material. Furthermore, this difference was even more evident when the model formulations were subjected to disintegration testing. The similarity in compendial tests but significant differences in functionality characteristics for the PGS of two vendors can be unravelled by considering variations in particle size, crystallinity, starch retrogradation and these changes are potentially attributed to the differences in the gelatinisation procedures adopted by the vendors.
Exploring Interleukin-6 ,CRP in cellphone addiction and depression: a case control study in the precincts of medical college
Authors: Bhumija Sharma  , Pradeep Kumaar  , Faisal Iqbal  , Anil Sharma  , Preeti Sharma
Published: January 2021

Cellphone technology has tremendously grown in its market and uses in the last decade. But it's overutilization has led to the development of new problems also. Objectionable cellphone use can be accounted for in the form of technological addiction, which can develop depression, anxiety, and other health problems. Depression is the third leading cause of global disease burden if it continues; by 2030, it will become the leading cause of disease burden. Stress or addiction can lead to the development of psychiatric disorders or vice versa. These stressors lead to the neuroinflammatory response, resulting in an exaggerated response to subsequent pro-inflammatory challenges. This study was done with an objective to explore levels of Interleukin-6 and CRP in smartphone-addicted and depressed individuals. Seventy-five cases and 75 healthy controls were selected for the study. Depression was diagnosed by Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) and cellphone addiction was evaluated by smartphone addition scale-short version (SPAS) and their serum sample was evaluated for IL-6 and CRP according to protocol. Overall Mean score of HAMD in cases was 12.21 and in controls was 4.68. Mean score of SPAS scale in cases and controls was (37.75, 17.43) respectively. Mean IL-6 levels of cases and controls (21.03±35.85, 11.07±13.61 pg/ml) respectively with the significance of (p=0.026). Higher levels of the systemic inflammatory biochemical marker IL-6 in cases are associated with depression. Smartphone addiction scores are in correlation with depression scores but not in association with interleukin-6 or CRP levels. Females of a young age are more prone to depression and smartphone addiction together. Early assessment and diagnosis could be helpful in preventing further more damage to social and mental vicinity of individuals. Inflammatory pathways may provide important new interpolation and anticipation targets for these ailments.
Formulation and Evaluation of 7, 8- Dihydroxy Flavone Loaded Topical Hydrogel Scaffold
Authors: Varuna Naga Venkata Arjun Uppuluri  , Shanmugarajan T S
Published: January 2021

Burnt skin tissue defects pose a significant challenge for physicians to manage owing to the limited skin regeneration potential. Various conventional approaches (i.e. autografts and allografts) have been endorsed for the restoration of tissue defects with inadequate results. However, skin tissue engineering techniques were appeared as an optimistic approach to improve the skin tissue regeneration. Hydrogels offering advantages over the current treatment modalities of the damaged skin tissue were proposed as an advanced and promising therapeutic approach for effective skin tissue regeneration. In general, an ideal hydrogel scaffold used for burnt skin tissue regeneration must show excellent biodegradability, biocompatibility and bioadhesive characteristics. Moreover, among the variety of several hydrogel scaffolds for skin tissue regeneration, topical hydrogels developed from both natural and synthetic polymers are likely to fulfil these above characteristics. In this study Novel 7, 8- Dihydroxy flavone loaded PVA/Agar hydrogel was developed using the facile physical cross-linking technique. Further, the characterization studies confirmed that this hydrogel scaffold possess an ideal porous cross linked structure along with excellent Hemocompatibility, cellular proliferation and controlled drug release. Histopathological staining’s provided further evidence for the reepithelization, and revascularization potential of the developed hydrogel scaffold. Moreover, our research findings revealed that the 7, 8- Dihydroxy flavone loaded PVA/Agar hydrogel is hemocomapatible and capable of burnt skin tissue repair and also possesses significant potential for skin tissue engineering.
Creating private criteria for A-CDM effectiveness to take into account the interests of decision-making participants in a dynamic environment
Authors: Lebedev G. N. , Malygin V. B.
Published: January 2021

We consider the problem of collaborative decision making of the production process at airlines (CDM) in dynamically changing conditions of occurrence of emergency situations that make changes in the action plan. In the production process, due to the different orientation of the tasks to be solved, the solution may require a large or small number of possible variant solutions. The article presents a concrete example of such a situation affecting the conventional three services of the aviation complex, each with its own interests in the overall production process. The solution to this problem is the only option in favor of the overall production process. For this purpose, several designations and assumptions have been introduced, the list of which can be supplemented. Dynamic priorities are defined for each participant of the process. Optimization of collaborative decision-making can be achieved either by a simple search for solutions, or by using a genetic algorithm that allows you to get a suboptimal solution that meets the requirements of the participants in the process using a smaller number of iterations in real time. In this example, we consider a situation that occurs in a real enterprise due to bad weather conditions. Thus, dynamic priorities are assigned based on a multiplicative form for delayed flights, considering the interests of participants in the process, private criteria are formed for ranking flights at each step of rescheduling, and a genetic algorithm is applied. As a result, we obtained four solutions to the disruption caused by external factors. The first three options correspond to the interests of three parties concerned, and the fourth one is consolidated. All the solutions were different, which indicates the need for an objective and reasonable decision-making apparatus for joint management of the production process. The proposed mathematical apparatus has this ability and prospects for implementation.
Factores organizacionales en una institución educativa privada del Callao-Perú
Authors: Delgado Herrera Rosa Milagro de Maria , Sánchez Huarcaya Alex Oswaldo
Published: January 2021

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar los factores organizacionales que, desde la gestión educativa, garantizan la eficacia escolar en una institución privada del Callao. A través de la revisión de la bibliografía se contextualiza y define a la eficacia escolar, se recogen sus características y se identifican los factores organizacionales propios de esta. Asimismo, se definieron los temas preliminares. En base a estas categorías se estableció la guía de entrevista semiestructurada la cual fue aplicada a docentes de la institución previamente descrita. La información recogida y organizada como producto de la revisión bibliográfica fue contrastada con la información resultante de las entrevistas aplicadas. Fruto de la discusión e interpretación de los resultados se identificaron nueve factores organizacionales presentes en la institución analizada. Al final de la investigación se concluye que existe presencia de factores organizacionales en la institución, además se asume que la eficacia escolar no se logra siguiendo una fórmula o lista de cotejo, pues su logro depende de variables propias de cada escuela.
Deterrent tax fraud in nigeria: a causal factor and conceptual review
Authors: Umanhonlen Felix Ogbeiyulu , Umanhonlen Rebecca Imade
Published: January 2021

Deterrent as punishment to tax fraud is an age long tool correcting tax offender and ensuring prompt response to payment of tax levies, as it were from inception tax fraud is astronomically on the increase rather than declining. The aim of this paper was to assess the role of deterrent on tax fraud in Nigeria. The study attempts to review components of tax frauds applicable to deterrent as punishment on tax defaulters or culprits. The paper presents detailed analysis of tax evasion, avoidance and causes of tax fraud with possible reasons responsible for taxpayer declines to file in tax obligations as oppose to willingness to pay. Specifically, it supervene major inherent problems and lukewarm attitudes of government inability to mitigate tax levy into responses and outcomes. Hence, demystifies credible and genuine reasons for or toward tax revenue realizations, responses and outcomes. Moreso, the paper identifies basis for future research, expanded the scope of study and highlighted relevance arguments among reviewed related theoretical issues using a causal factor and conceptual approach thereby involving survey of literature to bring relevance issues to the fore as oppose to the aforementioned nomenclatures. Essentially, various tax penalties ensuring defaulters is punishable relative to the proportion of offenses involved were discussed. Thereafter, pass on to overhaul prior studies, gaps in reviewed prior studies and domesticate the study on relevant deterrent school of thoughts. It therefore, concludes that Tax fraud may not have an end in Nigeria, if those saddled with the responsibility of tax all-encompassing, inclusiveness, delivering tax-welfare to taxpayers are seen not transparent, accountable, sincere, sensitive to the plight of tax payers, and devoid of skirmishes as well as translating taxes revenue into responsibility. However, propose that deterrence is not anylonger the way to go, having tossed both sides of the divide, exigency of time have to take precedence; and allows civility, novelty, automation and all-inclusiveness muster and remediate tax fraud in Nigeria.
论大数据时代企业人力资源绩效管理创新
Authors: 陈 琰
Published: January 2021

如今，大数据时代已经随着信息网络的不断发展和应用悄无声息的渗透我们生活的方方面面，这也正式宣告大数据时代已来临。大数据时代的到来为企业的发展和管理营造了非常有利的条件。但与此同时，这也为他们带来了更大的难题和挑战。人力资源管理对于企业来说是一个非常重要的部分，更好地实现人力资源绩效管理水平和有效提高效率在当今这个大数据时代显得尤为重要。论文针对大数据时代企业人力资源管理创新方向进行论述。
中国广西烟草商业企业报账难问题成因及对策研究
Authors: 邱 丽梅
Published: January 2021

随着经济的快速发展，中国的烟草行业也在不断发展，烟草企业财务管理的重要性也愈发突出，但“报账难”也成为当前烟草企业财务核算和管理过程中的突出问题。论文对中国广西烟草商业企业报账难问题的成因及对策进行研究。