bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Migration, Metaphor and Myth in Media Representations: The Ideological Dichotomy of “Them” and “Us”
Authors: Arcimaviciene Liudmila , Baglama Sercan Hamza
Published: May 2018

By focussing on the dichotomized metaphorical strategy and myth creation, this study aims to analyze how the U.S. and the European Union (EU) media respond to the entrenched metaphor of migration and refugee “crisis”. In this respect, the U.S. and the EU media sources covering the time period from 2015 to 2016 were collected and analyzed in the theoretical framework of conceptual metaphor theory and critical metaphor analysis. By applying the metaphor identification procedure, it has been determined that most of the media narratives contribute to further developing the central bias of migration by means of metaphorical delegitimization that is discursively construed through the binary opposition between “them” and “us.” The metaphorical representation has been grouped into two kinds of ideologically represented story lines: (a) the myth of dehumanization, realized through the metaphors of Objects and Commodities; and (b) the myth of moral authority, realized through the metaphors of Natural Phenomena, Crime, and Terrorism. The findings have shown that most of the media narratives both delegitimize and stigmatize the status of a migrant by deeper entrenching the “outsider” stereotype and, therefore, create the general feelings of instability and intolerance within the EU.
Why Is Parental Involvement in Children’s Mathematics Learning Hard? Parental Perspectives on Their Role Supporting Children’s Learning
Authors: Jay Tim , Rose Jo , Simmons Ben
Published: May 2018

This article focuses on parents’ experiences and practices supporting children’s mathematics learning. We employ a conceptual framework that makes a distinction between school-centered and parent-centered approaches to parental involvement in children’s learning. We review literature showing that aspects of both school-centered and parent-centered approaches can be problematic, and explore this further in a group interview study. Group interviews were conducted with parents of children in 16 primary schools in a city in the southwest of England. Topics of discussion included parents’ level of confidence and perceived ability in mathematics, their experience of doing mathematics with their children out-of-school, and their interactions with school about mathematics. Findings revealed some specific negative effects of school-centered approaches, and suggested that school-centered approaches may in fact restrict parents’ understanding of how they can support mathematics learning in the home. However, the analysis also adds useful depth to our understanding of opportunities associated with a parent-centered approach to parental involvement in mathematics learning.
City-wide building height determination using light detection and ranging data
Authors: Wu Yue , Blunden Luke S , Bahaj AbuBakr S
Published: May 2018

The research presented in this paper addresses a current gap in the availability of building geometry data and provides estimates of individual building characteristics at city scale. Such data are crucial for a wide range of subjects such as modelling building energy consumption as well as regional housing market studies. However, such data are currently not available in the UK. In this work, a new approach was developed to automatically estimate the geometric characteristics of buildings, including height and floor count. A wide range of datasets have been brought together including high-resolution light detection and ranging data to accurately estimate building elevation and to obtain the external dimension of buildings. In the UK, most of the datasets required for this model are available for urban areas, allowing the model to be widely applied both in cities and beyond. The paper presents the results of building height and floor count determined from this model and compares these with the actual data obtained from a survey of 108 representative buildings in the city of Southampton. The results show good accuracy of the model with 97% of the estimates having an error under ±1 floor and an absolute mean error of 0.3 floors. These results provide confidence in utilising this model for future building studies at a city scale.
Warfarin and vitamin K epoxide reductase: a molecular accounting for observed inhibition
Authors: Wu Sangwook , Chen Xuejie , Jin Da-Yun , Stafford Darrel W. , Pedersen Lee G. , Tie Jian-Ke
Published: May 2018

Key Points

Warfarin reversibly inhibits VKOR by forming a T-shaped stacking interaction with residue Y139 of the proposed TYA warfarin-binding motif. Warfarin-resistant nonbleeding phenotype for patients bearing VKOR mutations explained by MD simulation and cell-based functional study.
Chemical Stability of the 5-Mesityl-5′′-(nitronyl nitroxide)-2,2′:5′,2′′-ter(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Radical Cation
Authors: Tahara Takuma , Suzuki Shuichi , Kozaki Masatoshi , Nishinaga Tohru , Okada Keiji
Published: May 2018

Only a few radical-substituted π-donor radical cations have been reported to date. In this note, 5-mesityl-5′′-(nitronyl nitroxide)-2,2′:5′,2′′-ter(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (NN-TEDOT) was prepared and its electrochemical and chemical oxidations were examined. The NN-TEDOT radical cation was moderately stable and slowly decomposed.
Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) records from Southwestern Turkey
Authors: Demir Emine
Published: May 2018

In the present study Fulgoromorph species collected from Gevne Valley and the surroundings located in southwest of Turkey were evaluated faunistically, ecologically and zoogeographically. In the surveys 43 species were identified to belong to 27 genera and 9 families. Herein, new records for the Mediterranean (4 species) and Central Anatolia (5 species) regions are reported. The species identified in the study area belong to 14 different zoogeographical elements of endemism and the endemism ratio of the area is 23.3%. Issidae is the most dominant family in the area since 74.0% of the specimens collected belong to this family.
A new Annonaceae genus, Wuodendron, provides support for a post–boreotropical origin of the Asian–Neotropical disjunction in the tribe Miliuseae
Authors: Xue Bine , Tan Yun-Hong , Thomas Daniel C. , Chaowasku Tanawat , Hou Xue-Liang , Saunders Richard M.K.
Published: May 2018

Recent molecular and morphological studies have clarified generic circumscriptions in Annonaceae tribe Miliuseae and resulted in the segregation of disparate elements from the previously highly polyphyletic genus Polyalthia s.l. Several names in Polyalthia nevertheless remain unresolved, awaiting assignment to specific genera, including Polyalthia litseifolia. Phylogenetic analyses of seven chloroplast regions (atpB–rbcL, matK, ndhF, psbA–trnH, rbcL, trnL–F, ycf1; ca. 8.3 kb, 116 accessions, including representatives of all currently accepted genera in subfamily Malmeoideae) unambiguously placed Polyalthia litseifolia in a clade with three accessions from Thailand, which have previously been shown to represent an undescribed genus sister to the Neotropical clade (Desmopsis, Sapranthus, Stenanona, Tridimeris) in the predominantly Asian tribe Miliuseae. The collective clade is sister to Meiogyne. Polyalthia litseifolia shares several diagnostic characters with most species in the Neotropical genera and Meiogyne, including: petals that are similar in shape and size in both whorls; multiple ovules per ovary in one or two rows; and lamelliform endosperm ruminations. It is distinct in being deciduous, bearing subpetiolar buds and having inflorescences growing from the leaf scar of the dropped leaves. Morphological comparisons and phylogenetic analyses corroborate its recognition as a new genus, which is formally described and illustrated here as Wuodendron. Polyalthia litseifolia is furthermore found to be conspecific with Desmos praecox, and the latter name is used as the basis for the name of the type. Molecular divergence time estimates under an uncorrelated lognormal relaxed clock place the Wuodendron–Neotropical clade split within the Miocene (ca. 14–12 Ma), highlighting the importance of post–boreotropical dispersal and vicariance in shaping intercontinental tropical disjunctions in Annonaceae.
A Border Strategy Analysis of Ad Source and Message Tone in Senatorial Campaigns
Authors: Wang Yanwen , Lewis Michael , Schweidel David A.
Published: May 2018

Political advertising is controversial, as there is widespread concern about money from political action committees (PACs and super PACs) distorting the democratic process. Studying advertising effectiveness is, however, a challenging topic for several reasons, including the endogenous nature of fundraising and ad spending rates. However, the extensive use of targeting based on designated marketing areas (DMAs) creates a setting in which neighboring counties with comparable demographics receive different levels of advertising exposure. In this paper, we leverage these advertising discontinuities along DMA borders to study the relative effectiveness of political advertising on vote shares and turnout rates in 2010 and 2012 senatorial elections. We find that negative advertising sponsored by PACs is significantly less effective than that sponsored by candidates in affecting two-party vote shares and voter turnout. A 1% increase in negative advertising by the candidate produces a significant 0.015% lift in the candidate’s unconditional vote shares. By contrast, negative advertising from PACs is ineffective in increasing its supported candidate’s unconditional vote share. Further analysis reveals that the competitiveness of races moderates the effectiveness of political advertising, providing implications for those managing candidates’ campaigns, PACs, and super PACs.

Data and the online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2017.1079 .
When to Use Provider Triage in Emergency Departments
Authors: Kamali Michael F. , Tezcan Tolga , Yildiz Ozlem
Published: May 2018

We study triage decisions in emergency departments (EDs) and provide a general procedure for determining when to apply provider triage (PT) based on operational and financial considerations using a steady-state, many-server fluid approximation. We then apply the proposed method in the setting of a teaching hospital’s ED and obtain closed-form expressions for the range of arrival rates for which PT outperforms the traditional nurse triage economically. We show that the proposed solution methodology based on this approximation procedure is asymptotically optimal under a many-server asymptotic regime. We also demonstrate via simulation experiments that the proposed policy performs within 0.82% of the best solution obtained via a computationally intensive total enumeration method.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2982 .

This paper was accepted by Noah Gans, stochastic models and simulation.
Service Pricing with Loss-Averse Customers
Authors: Yang Liu , Guo Pengfei , Wang Yulan
Published: May 2018

We consider a service system in which customers are loss averse toward both price and delay attributes. That is, customers compare these two attributes with their rational expectations of outcomes, with losses being more painful than equal-sized gains are pleasant. We first study customers’ equilibrium queueing strategies. We find that, unlike the traditional case in which loss aversion is not considered, there may exist three equilibrium strategies, one of which is preferred in the sense that customers’ utility is highest at this equilibrium. We then investigate the optimal pricing problem for a monopoly server and find that loss aversion polarizes queues, making long queues even longer and short queues even shorter. Furthermore, loss aversion toward the delay attribute drives the optimal price down, whereas loss aversion toward the price attribute drives it up. We also find that profit- and welfare-maximizing prices are not the same in a monopoly market. Finally, we consider pricing competition in a symmetric duopoly market and find that the conclusions depend on the size of the service capacity relative to the market size. For fast servers, there exists a unique symmetric price equilibrium. Under certain conditions, the effect of loss aversion on waiting time drives the price down, whereas that on the monetary term drives it up. For moderate-speed servers, there also exists a unique symmetric equilibrium. However, the effect of loss aversion on the two attributes works in reverse compared with that in the fast server case. For slow servers, we show that a symmetric equilibrium may not exist, and we numerically find that there may exist two asymmetric equilibria. Interestingly, with loss-averse customers, a firm can obtain a higher profit in a duopoly market than in a monopoly market.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/opre.2017.1702 .
Meta-Organization Formation and Sustainability in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Valente Mike , Oliver Christine
Published: May 2018

In response to recent calls for theory to predict and explain the phenomenon of “meta-organizations,” we set out to identify the causes of their formation. Using a cross-case comparison of multiple case studies in sub-Saharan Africa, where nine focal firms varied in their response to the complexities of sustainability, we examined how and why some firms approached sustainability through a meta-organization while others did not. Our findings show that meta-organizations may be an effective means of managing the complexity of sustainability when participants exhibit an openness to innovative forms of collaboration—which, in turn, rests on complex systems framing and experiential embeddedness—and when they collectively undergo a four-stage process of meta-organization formation that transforms dormant resources into critical sources for achieving systemic goals. Our results also suggest that meta-organizations may be particularly well suited to addressing institutional and market voids, which typically constitute highly complex economic and social contexts. In addition to making contributions to the extant literature on interorganizational relationships and networks, this paper, to our knowledge, is the first to examine the appropriateness of the meta-organizational form in less developed economies, extending the potential generalizability of its application to multiple economic contexts.
Differential Antioxidative Responses to Environmental Constraints in Shoots and Roots of Wild Legumes
Authors: Ramadan Taha , Abd-Alla Mohamed Hemida , Elenany Abdelwahab E. , Alzohri Manal , Nafady Ibrahim M.
Published: May 2018

The current study aimed to explore the antioxidant system of five legumes inhabiting regions with different conditions. In these legumes, H2O2 generation and lipid peroxidation enhanced in roots of plants inhabiting the Mediterranean region (MR) and Sinai (S) where high soluble salts and low water content in the soil were estimated. High levels of phenols and ascorbic acid were detected in shoots of these plants compared with those inhabiting the Nile region (NR) or Oases (O), which characterized by low soluble salts and high water content. There were great variations between species in their responses to adverse conditions, and enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes were recorded in plants inhabiting the more stressful habitats. Roots and shoots of legumes responded differentially to oxidative stresses regarding the induction of enhanced or suppressed activities of a definite antioxidative enzym. While CAT activity increased in shoots, GP activity greatly stimulated in roots of legumes at different habitats. The activity of APX decreased in roots but increased in shoots by the harsh conditions of habitate showing minimum and maximum activities in roots and shoots, respectively, in plants inhabiting S. The activity of CAT and APX increased in shoots by increasing the concentration of H2O2, while the over expression of GP gene in roots enhanced scavenging H2O2 to a level between 6% to 37% of its concentration in shoots. Genes expression of the antioxidant enzymes (CAT, GP and APX) more regulated, especially in shoots, by the environmental constraints than the differences between species.
Utilization and Effectiveness of Harnesses and Lifelines in Grain Entrapment Incidents: Preliminary Analysis
Authors: Issa Salah F. , Nour Mahmoud M. , Field William E.
Published: May 2018

Abstract.

No previous studies have been found that document the level of use or validate the effectiveness of safety harnesses and lifelines in the prevention of or extrication from grain entrapments or engulfments. This article addresses that void via analysis of the data contained in the Purdue Agricultural Confined Space Incident Database. A total of 1,147 cases involving entrapments or engulfments in grain masses were mined for terms that might indicate the use of a safety harness, lifeline, fall restraint system, rope, or outside observer. Case information ranged from brief news accounts to comprehensive investigation results. The review turned up 38 incidents (<5%) in which these safety devices were identified as having been used by either workers or rescuers during access to a storage structure. In 26 of the 38 cases (68%) where safety devices were identified, the entrapment or engulfment resulted in a fatality. The two most common reasons cited for failure of these devices were (1) that the lifeline or rope was too long (17 incidents) and (2) that the worker had removed the harness with the attached lifeline while in the structure (6 incidents). It was also determined that these devices, if used improperly, can lead to secondary injuries of the victim. The preliminary evidence suggests that use of these devices alone does not ensure the user’s safety and may even provide a false sense of security if used without proper training. It was further found that an approved body harness and safety line provided little or no protection from either entrapment or falls if used in the presence of vertically crusted grain surfaces, without proper anchors, or not in conjunction with outside observers. The presented results are important for safety professionals to consider as they endeavor to reduce the risk of grain entrapment and engulfment incidents through training, education, selection of personal protective equipment, etc., and should contribute to the development of new structural standards for grain bins. It is the intent of this article to elucidate the importance of training and proper use of these safety devices. Keywords: Agriculture, Confined space, Engulfment, Fall, Grain storage facility, Lifeline, Rope, Safety rope.
BATHYMETRY FROM WORLDVIEW-3 SATELLITE DATA USING RADIOMETRIC BAND RATIO
Authors: Parente Claudio , Pepe Massimiliano
Published: May 2018

The use of optical satellite sensors allows to obtain bathymetry data on large area ina short time and in a cheap way. In addition, in particular places where it is difficult to carry out the survey by classic methods, the bathymetry from satellite data can be the only mode to obtain the depth of the backdrop. So, the aim of this research paper is to analyse the potential of the eight bands and the very high resolution of the commercial satellite WorldView-3 (WV-3) in order to obtain bathymetric data. Using WV-3 satellite data and the Stumpf method, the paper intends to investigate the possibility of obtaining bathymetric data in a specific area where the water is not particularly clear. To achieve this goal, in Geographic Information System (GIS) environment, several algorithms have been developed. The comparison between the results and the reference bathymetric data shows a huge potential of the WV-3 satellite data. The area of study concerns the port area of the city of Lisbon and a part of the river Rio Tejo, in Portugal.
Is Accounting an Information Science?
Authors: Fellingham John , Lin Haijin
Published: May 2018

The central result is an equality connecting accounting numbers with information.
\ln \left( 1+\frac{income}{assets}\right) =r_{f}+I\left( X;Y\right)
,
r_{f}
is the risk free rate,
ln
is the natural logarithm,
Y
is the outcome of interest,
X
is the information signal about
Y
, and
I(X;Y)
is a Shannon information measure. The equality is derived using economic income accounting; it is shown to hold, under appropriate conditions, for declining balance and straight line depreciation methods. Some social welfare implications are explored.
Global Perspective of Novel Therapeutic Strategies for the Management of NeuroAIDS
Authors: Kumar Swatantra , Maurya Vimal K , Dandu Himanshu R , Bhatt Madan LB , Saxena Shailendra K
Published: May 2018

Among Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected individuals, around two-thirds of patients present with neuroAIDS, where HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), and HIV-associated dementia (HAD) are the most prevailing neurological complications. The neuropathology of neuroAIDS can be characterized by the presence of HIV infected macrophages and microglia in the brain, with the formation of multinucleated giant cells. Global predominant subtypes of HIV-1 clade B and C infections influence the differential effect of immune and neuronal dysfunctions, leading to clade-specific clinical variation in neuroAIDS patient cohorts. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) enhances the survival rate among AIDS patients, but due to the inability to cross the Blood-Brain-Barrier (BBB), incidence of neuroAIDS during disease progression may be envisaged. The complex structure of blood-brain-barrier, and poor pharmacokinetic profile coupled with weak bio-distribution of antiretroviral drugs, are the principle barriers for the treatment of neuroAIDS. In the combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) era, the frequency of HAD has decreased; however the incidence of asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment (ANI) and minor neurocognitive disorder (MND) remains consistent. Therefore, several effective novel nanotechnology based therapeutic approaches have been developed to improve the availability of antiretroviral drugs in the brain for the management of neuroAIDS.
Flat parabolic vector bundles on elliptic curves
Authors: Fassarella Thiago , Loray Frank
Published: May 2018

We describe the moduli space of logarithmic rank 2 connections on elliptic curves
with two poles.
The Role Of ICT And The Internet In The Development Of Franchise Systems
Authors: Stefanović Suzana , Stanković Milica
Published: May 2018

Franchising is a business format which is becoming a global phenomenon in the contemporary business. Franchise systems extensively use modern information and communication technology (ICT) to enhance communication among franchisors and franchisees, and to provide interaction with end users. The aim of the paper is to highlight the importance of using the modern technology in franchise systems globally and need for more intensive use of ICT in our country and in neighboring countries, based on the comparative analysis of using the ICT and Internet in developed and less developed economies. The research was conducted through a comprehensive on-line analysis of franchisors’ web sites. In this paper, it is analyzed whether there is a connection between the franchisors and franchisees linking through web site and the number of given franchise. Correlation analysis showed a statistically significant strong positive correlation between the use of the web site for linking franchisors and their franchisees and the number of franchise units. It can be concluded that less use of modern technology and the Internet in developing countries affects the slower expansion of the franchise units network than in developed countries where the use of ICT and the Internet is at a much higher level.
Synthesis of 5H-spiro[furan-2,2′-indene]-1′,3′,5-triones from tetrahydro-4-oxoindeno[1,2-b]pyrroles
Authors: Piltan Mohammad
Published: May 2018

A simple approach to assembling of functionalized spiro-butenolide-indenetriones from oxoindeno[1,2-b]pyrrole derivatives in the presence of H2SO4 is described. Simplicity of the procedure, short reaction time and excellent yields are important features of this protocol.
Synthesis of phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin for fast manufacturing laminated veneer lumber (LVL)
Authors: Hong Shu , Gu Zhongji , Chen Ling , Zhu Ping , Lian Hailan
Published: May 2018

Phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin is a well-tried adhesive for manufacturing laminated veneer lumber (LVL). PF has a high bonding strength, good cold pressing property and contributes a lot to the high production efficiency of LVL. In the present paper, PFs were synthesized at three different alkaline condition levels with a molar formaldehyde to phenol (F/P) ratio of 2.25. The bonding strength of PFs was not influenced by the alkalinity. Compared with PFs synthesized under alkalinity of 1 and 4%, PF with 8% alkalinity formed a resin with a high mole mass (MM), uniform mole mass distribution (MMD) and a high cross-linking density. With PF8%, the cold pressing property could be shortened from 30 to 12 min in the winter time. Cured PF8%had a higher cross-linking density than PF1%and PF4%. PF8%has a high potential for industrial production of LVL.
Discontinuous Galerkin time discretization methods for parabolic problems with linear constraints
Authors: Voulis Igor , Reusken Arnold
Published: May 2018

We consider time discretization methods for abstract parabolic problems with inhomogeneous linear constraints. Prototype examples that fit into the general framework are the heat equation with inhomogeneous (time-dependent) Dirichlet boundary conditions and the time-dependent Stokes equation with an inhomogeneous divergence constraint. Two common ways of treating such linear constraints, namely explicit or implicit (via Lagrange multipliers) are studied. These different treatments lead to different variational formulations of the parabolic problem. For these formulations we introduce a modification of the standard discontinuous Galerkin (DG) time discretization method in which an appropriate projection is used in the discretization of the constraint. For these discretizations (optimal) error bounds, including superconvergence results, are derived. Discretization error bounds for the Lagrange multiplier are presented. Results of experiments confirm the theoretically predicted optimal convergence rates and show that without the modification the (standard) DG method has sub-optimal convergence behavior.
Welfare und Ernährungssicherheit: Die Unterstützungsprogramme der Amministrazione per gli aiuti internazionali (Aai) von der Nachkriegszeit bis in die 60er Jahre
Authors: Inaudi Silvia
Published: May 2018

Riassunto:

L’articolo propone una panoramica critica degli interventi socio-assistenziali posti in essere dal dopoguerra alla prima metà degli anni Sessanta dall’Amministrazione per gli aiuti internazionali (Aai): organismo singolare nel panorama assistenziale italiano per le sue caratteristiche di autonomia all’interno del complesso statuale e per la fitta rete di rapporti intessuti a livello internazionale. Sotto la guida del democristiano Lodovico Montini, l’Aai si fece portatrice di istanze di modernizzazione nell’ambito di una visione che intendeva coniugare la tradizione del cattolicesimo sociale con la moderna cultura anglosassone dell’auto-aiuto, e di un modello di Welfare promanante dallo Stato ma rispettoso dell’iniziativa privata. L’attuazione dei suoi programmi, nei quali rilevante fu la focalizzazione sull’infanzia e la gioventù e l’enfasi sull’aspetto pedagogico-formativo, si accompagnò al costante supporto della professionalizzazione del personale preposto ai servizi socio-assistenziali. Per il ruolo del tutto peculiare che l’Aai ebbe nel panorama dell’assistenza pubblica italiana, analizzarne la genesi e l’operato significa anche riflettere sulle contraddittorie scelte in materia di intervento sociale da parte del governo italiano nel più ampio contesto delle intersezioni fra welfare e guerra fredda.
Le case tributarie nelle leggi e nei documenti longobardi
Authors: Carminati Fabio , Mariani Andrea
Published: May 2018

In einigen Dokumenten aus der Zeit des Langobardenreiches (7.–8. Jh.) werden spezifische Landstücke erwähnt, case tributarie genannt. Einige von diesen waren Teil der Curtis Regia (bzw. der Fiscus), während andere möglicherweise in Privatbesitz waren. Alle verschwanden nach dem Niedergang des langobardischen Königreiches. Ihre Eigenschaften wurden bislang noch nicht näher untersucht: für gewöhnlich werden die case tributarie als Äquivalent der case massaricie betrachtet, das heißt als Zentren landwirtschaftlicher Produktion, welche von Siedlern bewirtschaftet wurden. Eine solche Hypothese stimmt mit den jüngsten Forschungsergebnissen überein, welche jedoch die Existenz der generellen Besteuerung im langobardischen Königreich ausklammert, obwohl die Quellen einen anderen Zusammenhang andeuten. Durch die Analyse dieser Quellen ist es möglich hilfreiche Informationen zu erlangen, um sowohl die Funktion als auch die Hauptmerkmale der case tributarie zu interpretieren und um einige besondere Charakteristiken der langobardischen Administration aufzuzeigen. Hierfür werden wir zuerst die wenigen überlieferten Dokumente mit Verweisen auf die case tributarie sowie einige ihrer Hauptmerkmale und Problemstellen vorstellen. In einem weiteren Schritt werden wir die bisherige historiographische Interpretation erörtern. Schließlich schlagen wir ein anderes Modell und seine Umsetzung in einer speziellen Fallstudie vor.
Bayerische Blicke auf den römischen Kunstmarkt (1790–1815)
Authors: Putz Hannelore
Published: May 2018

Riassunto:

A partire dal Rinascimento, Roma fu il centro europeo del mercato delle antichità e delle opere d’arte, nonché dell’attività artistica. L’importanza politica e culturale, assunta dalla città quasi senza soluzione di continuità fin dai tempi antichi, aveva fatto nascere, nel corso dei secoli, straordinarie collezioni di opere d’arte. Al contempo gli artisti producevano nuove opere, e giovani artisti confluivano in questa „metropoli europea dell’arte“ per studiare, per imparare dai grandi, per raccoglierne gli impulsi in maniera creativa, per riportare in patria le cognizioni acquisite. I rivolgimenti e le crisi politiche, economiche e belliche, che verso la fine del XVIII secolo scuotevano tutta l’Europa, ebbero dirette consequenze sul delicatissimo mercato d’arte romano, cambiandone radicalmente le condizioni complessive che sarebbero rimaste critiche fino al riordinamento dell’Europa dopo le guerre napoleoniche. Nel 1810 il principe ereditario bavarese, Lodovico, mandò a Roma lo scultore Johann Martin von Wagner che nella qualità di agente d’arte doveva rappresentare i suoi interessi in loco. L’intensa corrispondenza tra i due, che durò fino alla morte di Wagner sopravvenuta nel 1858, getta una luce particolare sul mercato romano dalla prospettiva del committente e nell’ottica professionale dell’artista. Si apre così uno squarcio singolare sulle condizioni e sui meccanismi del mercato e i suoi attori durante gli ultimi anni dell’età napoleonica a Roma.
Going Native or Remaining Foreign?
Authors: Amsler Nadine
Published: May 2018

Riassunto:

Negli ultimi decenni la ricerca storica ha portato la propria attenzione sulle missioni cattoliche nell’Asia moderna in quanto laboratori di contatti culturali. Il passaggio da una visione eurocentrica ed espansionistica delle missioni a un quadro che metteva in risalto il ruolo di attori non europei e le specificità culturali dei cristianesimi sorti in area extraeuropea ha comportato una progressiva articolazione e specializzazione del discorso accademico sull’argomento. Un convegno svoltosi a Roma e dedicato ai missionari cattolici attivi nell’Asia moderna si è prefisso di radunare esperti delle varie regioni del continente al fine di promuovere un dialogo transregionale sul radicamento dei missionari nelle società locali. L’autrice è uno degli organizzatori del convengo. Nel presente contributo colloca il convegno nel contesto delle ultime tendenze storiografiche, ne riassume i punti salienti e individua nuovi campi di ricerca.
Butin attenuates brain edema in a rat model of intracerebral hemorrhage by anti inflammatory pathway
Authors: Li Peiyu , Jiwu Cheng
Published: May 2018

Background

This study evaluates the effect of butin against brain edema in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Methodology

ICH was induced by injecting bacterial collagenase in the brain and all the animals were separated into four groups such as control group, ICH group treated with vehicle, Butin 25 and 50 mg/kg group receives butin (25 and 50 mg/kg, i.p.)60 min after the induction of ICH in all animals. One day after neurological score, hemorrhagic injury and expressions of protein responsible for apoptosis and inflammatory cytokines were assessed in the brain tissue of ICH rats.

Result

Neurological scoring significantly increased and hemorrhagic lesion volume decreased in butin treated group of rats compared to ICH group. However, treatment with butin significantly decreases the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 and protein expression of Cleaved caspase-3 than ICH group in dose dependent manner. Level of inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interlukin-6 (IL-6) in the brain tissues were significantly decreased in the butin treated group than ICH group. In addition butin attenuates the altered signaling pathway of NF-κB in the brain tissues of ICH rats.

Conclusion

Our study concludes that butin attenuates the altered behavior and neuronal condition in ICH rats by reducing apoptosis and inflammatory response.
Water Immersion Affects Episodic Memory and Postural Control in Healthy Older Adults
Authors: Bressel Eadric , Louder Talin J. , Raikes Adam C. , Alphonsa Sushma , Kyvelidou Anastasia
Published: May 2018

Background and Purpose:

Previous research has reported that younger adults make fewer cognitive errors on an auditory vigilance task while in chest-deep water compared with on land. The purpose of this study was to extend this previous work to include older adults and to examine the effect of environment (water vs land) on linear and nonlinear measures of postural control under single- and dual-task conditions.

Methods:

Twenty-one older adult participants (age = 71.6 ± 8.34 years) performed a cognitive (auditory vigilance) and motor (standing balance) task separately and simultaneously on land and in chest-deep water. Listening errors (n = count) from the auditory vigilance test and sample entropy (SampEn), center of pressure area, and velocity for the balance test served as dependent measures. Environment (land vs water) and task (single vs dual) comparisons were made with a Wilcoxon matched-pair test.

Results:

Listening errors were 111% greater during land than during water environments (single-task = 4.0 ± 3.5 vs 1.9 ± 1.7; P = .03). Conversely, SampEn values were 100% greater during water than during land environments (single-task = 0.04 ± 0.01 vs 0.02 ± 0.01; P < .001). Center of pressure area and velocity followed a similar trend to SampEn with respect to environment differences, and none of the measures were different between single- and dual-task conditions (P > .05).

Conclusions:

The findings of this study expand current support for the potential use of partial aquatic immersion as a viable method for challenging both cognitive and motor abilities in older adults.
Research on Random Load Characteristic Based on Mixture Distribution Model
Authors: Tong Jiachi , Liu Xintian , Wang Minlong , Wang Yansong , Wang Xiaolan
Published: May 2018

Random load is one of the inherent attributes of actual working load. It is regarded as the essential prerequisite in fatigue life prediction and reliability evaluation for enhancing the performance of mechanical systems and the safety of operators. This article proposes a statistics-based method of random load characteristic analysis to handle the variable amplitude fatigue loads collected from vehicle experiments. The mixture distribution model of random load was constructed according to the native behavior of gathered data, and the parameters of mixture distribution are estimated to fit the histogram of load counting. A case study of vehicle load is provided, and the goodness of fit is subsequently tested and verifies the credible result.
Keterlekatan Ekonomi Terhadap Kehidupan Sosial
Authors: Melis Melis
Published: May 2018

Abstract: Basically, economic factors play an important role in human life. Economics does cover many fields in people's lives, especially in the socio-cultural field. Economic factors in social life play an important role in determining the level of social status of a person or group of people in their environment. In social life there are several factors that influence the level of a person's social status, namely economic factors, educational factors, hereditary factors, and a person's job factor. But in social life in Indonesia, generally economic factors are the main things that can be used as a benchmark for a person's social status. A person with a high level of wealth will be different in lifestyle and habits compared to people who are below the standard level. This social stratification certainly causes some of the impacts that occur in social life, both negative and positive impacts. Keywords: Economy, Education, Social Abstrak: Pada dasarnya, faktor ekonomi memegang peranan penting dalam kehidupan manusia. Ekonomi memang mencakup banyak bidang dalam kehidupan masyarakat, terutama bidang sosial budaya. Faktor Ekonomi dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat memegang peran penting  dalam menentukan tingkat status sosial seseorang atau sekelompok orang di dalam lingkungannya. Dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat ada beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat status sosial seseorang, yaitu faktor ekonomi, faktor pendidikan, faktor keturunan, dan pekerjaan seseorang. Tetapi dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat di Indonesia umumnya faktor ekonomi adalah hal utama yang dapat dijadikan sebagai tolok ukur status sosial seseorang. Seseorang dengan tingkat kekayaan yang tergolong tinggi akan berbeda pola hidup dan kebiasaannya dibandingkan dengan orang yang tingkat ekonomi di bawah standar. Stratifikasi sosial ini tentunya menimbulkan beberapa dampak yang terjadi dalam kehidupan sosial, baik dampak negatif maupun dampak positif. Kata Kunci: Ekonomi, Pendidikan, Sosial DOI: 10.15408/sjsbs.v5i1.7908
Teknik sederhana pembuatan gigitiruan jembatan tiga unit dari komposit A simple technique to make three-unit composite bridge
Authors: Machmud Edy
Published: May 2018

Denture treatment has the objective to enhance mastication and aesthetics function of patients. Recently, fixedpartial dentures, crowns or bridges are popular restoration in population. The materials usually used for therestoration are acrylic, porcelain, composite, and metal. Composite is used due to patient’s unability to comeseveral times. This case report will discuss the technique of making three unit bridge using composite materials.This composite restoration is used because the colors can be matched with natural tooth colors and completed inone visit
Evaluasi dan penatalaksanaan pasien medically-compromised di tempat praktek gigi Evaluation and management of medically compromised patient in dental practice
Authors: Vitria Evy Eida
Published: May 2018

As a dentist, before doing dental procedure, especially regarding surgical intervention, It is necessary to ascertainthe general health of the patient whether the condition is safe enough to do dental procedure. This requires anappropriate and accurate evaluation in determining the systemic condition of medically compromised patients,which focus on pathophysiology of the disease, signs and symptoms, laboratory findings, currently accepted medicaltherapies, as well as recommendations for specific dental treatment. So, the best possible treatment procedures canbe provided and complications can be avoided.
Odontoma kompleks pada impaksi gigi molar ketiga rahang bawah Complex odontoma in impacted mandibular third molar
Authors: Rahardjo Rahardjo `
Published: May 2018

Odontoma is a mixed odontogenic neoplasm composed of epithelial and mesenchymal tissues. There are: compoundodontoma and complex odontoma. Compound odontoma appears to be a radiopaque mass composed of in-groupsmall teeth. Compound odontoma is generally found in the anterior maxilla, and is double in number than complexodontoma. Complex Odontoma appears to be an irregularly-shaped mass and an amorphous radiopaque image,which is often found in the posterior maxilla. Impacted mandibular third molars occur due to either insufficientspace for teeth to grow or improper dental position. Two cases of complex odontoma-generated impactedmandibular third molar were reported. Extirpation and extraction were performed on the impacted teeth.
Penatalaksanaan impaksi gigi kaninus rahang atas Management of impacted maxillary canine
Authors: Septiyani Anita , Chandha M. Hendra , Ruslin Muhammad
Published: May 2018

Impacted canines can be detected in early age. The clinicians might be able to prevent them by means of properclinical diagnosis, radiographic evaluation and timely interceptive treatment. Various surgical and orthodontictechniques can be used to recover impacted maxillary canines. Surgical technique used to manage impacted caninesincluding gingivectomy, apically positional flap, and closed eruption technique. The aim of this review is to providethe management of impacted maxillary canines. Combination between surgical and orthodontic techniques are theeffective method to manage impacted maxillary canines with good result.
Perbedaan ukuran dan bentuk lengkung gigi antara laki-laki dan perempuan suku Bugis, Makassar, dan Toraja Difference of size and shape of dental arch between male and female of Buginese, Makassarese, and Toraja
Authors: Rieuwpassa Irene Edith , Toppo Syamsiar , Haerawati Sri Dian
Published: May 2018

Factors which influence the dental arch changes including genetic and environment. This study aims to determine thedifferences in size and shape of dental arch between men and women of Buginese, Makassarese and Torajanese. Thisstudy is an observational study, with a cross-sectional study design. The sampling method was purposive sampling, andnumber of samples were 90 samples obtained from 90 people with 30 people for each tribe, consist of 15 men and 15women, aged 18-25 years, with full dentition. Data were obtained through tcasting models of the maxillary andmandibular samples then were measured by using a ruler and caliper, then calculated using formula to determine,register, and analyze the size and shape of dental arch. Using multiple statistics, including t-test, ANOVA, chi-squaretest, and marginal of homogenity test there are significant differences regarding the size and shape of dental archbetween men and women of the Buginese, Makassarese, and Torajanese. There is only significant difference ofmaxillary dental arch for Buginese, Makassarese, and Torajanese
Penatalaksanaan patah jarum akibat anastesi lokal pada ekstraksi gigi Management of broken needle cause by local anesthesia on teeth extraction
Authors: N Saifuddin Kusuma , Dahong Fonny , Ruslin Muh.
Published: May 2018

Since the inroduction of disposable needles, breakage of needles within tissues have become extremely rare.However, reports of needle breakage still appear. This paper discussed the cause of needle breakage, problem ofneedle breakage, prevention of needle breakage, and management of needle breakage. If the needle broken duringanesthesia of the alveolar dental nerve process, the needle will probably be located in the pterygomandibular space.It can migrate to vital structure.
Tinjauan tentang splin oklusal untuk terapi gangguan sendi temporomandibula A review about occlusal splint as a therapy for temporomandibular disorders
Authors: Chairunnisa Ricca , Kurnikasari Erna
Published: May 2018

An occlusal splint is a removable appliance usually made of acrylic, that fits over the occlusal and incisal surfaces ofthe teeth in one arch, creating precise occlusal contact with the teeth of the opposing arch. Occlusal splint has severalfunctions, one of which is to temporarily provide an temporary occlusion that allows the temporomandibular joints(TMJ) to make the most othopedically stable joint position. Occlusal splint is also used to protect the teeth and itssupportive structure from abnormal forces that may create breakdown and/or tooth wear. Occlusal splint is reversibleand noninvasive treatment, which is most important in treating temporomandibular disorders (TMD) with manycausative factors involved. Many types of splints have been suggested for the treatment of TMD, but the most frequentlyused are the stabilization splint and the anterior positioning splint. The purpose of this paper is to describe the types ofocclusal splints and indication used for the treatment of TMD.
Gambaran sidik bibir mahasiswa pada Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Hasanuddin (Lip print imaging of students at Faculty of Dentistry Hasanuddin University)
Authors: Toppo Syamsiar , Rieuwpassa Irene Edith , Lisal J. I. , Sari Ummi Salmiah
Published: May 2018

Cheiloscopy is the study of lip print used to identify a person. Like finger print, lip print patterns recently are proven tohave differences in each individual. Groove on the lip is fixed and cannot be changed. Following Suzuki method, lipprint pattern is divided into 6 types, namely complete vertical groove, incomplete vertical groove, branched groove,groove intersected, groove reticular, and undifferianted. The purpose of this study was to determine the lip printpattern of Indonesian people, especially the students of the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hasanuddin. Thisresearch was conducted at the Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University. Using random sampling technique, thesample of the study consisted of 50 subjects that include men and women in the age group 20-24 years. The lips thathave been smeared with lipstick are open on its normal position, smile and the kiss is record. Masking tape is attachedat various positions on the lips and then the tape is attached to the paper to be observed. Data are analysed with amagnifying glass and classified according to the "Classification Tsuchihashi and Suzukis. The study found all lip printsshow different patterns. The pattern of lip prints is not only made up of only one type of groove, but appears as amixture of various types. The pattern of lip prints is generally found in type II and type V is the least found. The studyconcludes that no difference in the pattern of individual lip prints on a wide range of positions in the normal, open,smile and kiss positions.