bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geoelectrical Assessment of the Impact of the Ilokun Dumpsite, Ado-Ekiti Southwestern Nigeria, on Surrounding Groundwater Aquifers
Authors: Lateef T.A. , Eluwole Akinola B. , Adewa Dare J.
Published: October 2022

The area around the Ilokun dumpsite, Ado-Ekiti was investigated with the aim of establishing the possible impact the contaminant plumes emanating from the dumpsite have on the subsurface aquifers. The Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) field technique of the electrical resistivity method was adopted for the study, and the half-electrode spacing AB/2 varied from 1 to 65 m. A total of eight VES stations were occupied and a control VES point was located on the refuse dump. The VES data were interpreted quantitatively by partial curve matching and computer iteration, after which the geoelectric parameters were used to evolve a 2-Dimensional geoelectric section beneath the study area.The weathered layer beneath the control VES point was identified to be the aquifer unit, but the anomalously low resistivity of 18 ohm-m within the unit was interpreted as an evidence of pollution from conductive contaminant plume. The geoelectric section beneath VES 1 to 7 delineated four layers, these include the topsoil; the weathered layer; the fractured basement and the fresh basement. The resistivity and thickness range of the layers are 177 – 399 ohm-m and 0.7 – 1.2 m; 29 – 842 ohm-m and 1.0 – 3.4 m; 16 – 446 ohm-m and 4.5 – 45.5 m; and 289 – 2144 ohm-m respectively. The fractured layer constitutes the main aquifer unit beneath the seven VES points, but the anomalously low resistivity of 16 – 47 ohm-m within the fractured layer beneath VES 4, 5, 6 and 7 is suspected to be as a result of pollution from conductive contaminant plume emanating from the dumpsite. The fractured layer beneath VES 2 and 3 which does not show any evidence of pollution yet is at a risk of being contaminated, due to its interconnection with the polluted zone.
Metagenomics Study of the Microbes in Constructed Wetland System Treating Sewage
Authors: Usharani Boopathy
Published: October 2022

Constructed wetlands are ecofriendly, cost effective technology involved in treatment of wastewaters. The goal of this study is focused on characterization of microbial community existing in constructed wetland system planted with Cyperusalternifolius treating sewage contaminated with heavy metals. The characteristics of effluent met the standards of discharge for inland use and irrigation. Microbes in constructed wetland apparently play a pivotal role in the efficiency of system for removal of organics, nutrients, suspended solids and heavy metal. To expose the active players in the lime light, a representative soil sample from the reed bed was collected and characterized for microbial community analysis. Metagenomic studies of the bacterial and fungal flora were identified. Results revealed that the phylum Proteobacteria (38.27%) and Ascomycota (77.47%) dominated in the bacterial and fungal kingdom respectively. However, in the bacterial kingdom at species level major portion remain unclassified except Pseudomonasalcaligenes but in the fungal kingdom at species level only 3.1% remain unclassified. The role of bacteria in wastewater treatment is exemplified in previous reports but the role of fungi in wastewater system needs exploration. However, the findings reveal that the identified microbes might have definitely played a vital role in wastewater treatment. The database available for the identification of bacterial species remain undiscovered for a major portion and requires up gradation. Next generation sequence being a high end technology in microbial ecology decodes the entire community in environmental samples but lack of database limits the identification. Implementation of improvements in the paucity of data bases is essential.
Pre-Sowing Seed Treatment Nanotechnology with Environment-Friendly Nanotube-Based Nanochips
Authors: Karpachev Vladimir V. , Spiridonov Jury J. , Voropaeva Nadezda L. , Tkachev Alexey G. , Shachnev Nikolai V. , Figovsky Oleg L.
Published: October 2022

This particular study deals with the impact of pre-sowing nanotube-based seed treatment technology on rapeseed (Brassica napus) growth and yield. During the field tests we identified a significant yield increase as a result of applying the pre-sowing nanotube-based seed treatment technology. The main treatment agents were physiologically active nanochips consisting of carrier matrix nanotubes with eliciting activity ("Taunit", "Taunit-M", "Taunit-MD", and graphene). Enriching nanochips with insecticide-fungicide Kruyzer for guaranteed seed protection from crucifer flea allowed to raise the yield up to 8.08 t / ha - 12.28 t / ha.
Surface Water Quality Assessment of Warri Metropolis Using Water Quality Index
Authors: Godwin Asibor , Oborakpororo Ofuya
Published: October 2022

The quality of the surface water (rivers) around Warri metropolis was evaluated using Water Quality Index (WQI) techniques. The study was carried out to assess the suitability of the water samples collected from different river bodies’ around Warri metropolis. The water quality index (WQI) was determined based on their various physico-chemical parameters such as pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, total dissolves solids, total suspended solids, sulphates, nitrates, phosphates, chlorides, turbidity, biochemical oxygen demanded. The water quality indexes values obtained varied greatly from 110.12 to 821.5. The result is quite high due to high turbidity (9mg/l – 119mg/l) and total suspended solid (10mg/l – 124mg/l). The presence of faecal coliform in the various water bodies is very alarming which ranges from 2 – 16 cfu against the stated standard of nil by most regulatory agencies and as such may pose detrimental health effect when consumed by individuals within those areas if not properly treated. This may be due to poor waste management practice along the rivers course. To avert this process, effective waste management and control along the water course should be encouraged.
Spectral Analysis of Sounds of Saxicoloides fulicata (Indian Robin)
Authors: Rajashekhar M. , Vijaykumar K.
Published: October 2022

The present study focused on recordings of sounds of Saxicoloides fulicata (Indian robin) from Kalaburagi distract, Karnataka state. The study was undertaken during the Many 2012 to April 2013. During the study period about 50 samples of sounds of Indian robin were recorded and spectral analysis was performed subjected to sound samples. the study results indicate that, three types of sounds were identified and with significant variations in their structural hierarchy with distinct high and low frequencies.
3-D Seismic Interpretation and Volumetric Estimation of “Osaja Field” Niger Delta, Nigeria
Authors: Osaki Lawson Jack , Opara Alexander Iheanyichukwu , Okereke Chikwendu Njoku , Adiela Uche Petters , Njoku Ikechukwu Onyema , Emberga Theophilus Terhemba , Eluwa Ndidiamaka
Published: October 2022

3-D seismic interpretation and petrophysical analysis of the Osaja Field, Niger Delta, was carried out with aim of carrying out a detailed structural interpretation, reservoir characterization and volumetric estimation of the field. Four wells were correlated across the field to delineate the lithology and establish the continuity of reservoir sand as well as the general stratigraphy of the area. The petrophysical analysis carried out, revealed two sand units that are hydrocarbon bearing reservoirs (Sand_A and Sand_B).The spatial variation of the reservoirs were studied on a field wide scale using seismic interpretation. Time and depth structural maps generated were used to establish the structural architecture/geometry of the prospect area of the field. The depth structure map revealed NE-SW trending anticlinal structures with F5 and F6 as faults assisted closures to the reservoir. Furthermore, reservoir parameters such as net pay, water saturation porosity, net-to-gross etc, were derived from the integration of seismic and well log data. The structural interpretation on the 3-D seismic data of the study area revealed a total of seven faults ranging from synthetic to antithetic faults. The petrophysical analysis gave the porosity values of the reservoir Sand_A ranging from 18.1 - 20.3% and reservoir Sand_B ranging from 13.1-14.9% across the reservoir. The permeability values of reservoir Sand_A ranging from 63-540md and reservoir Sand_B ranging from 18-80md hence there is decrease in porosity and permeability of the field with depth.The net-to-gross varies from 22.1% to 22.4% in Rerservoir Sand A to between 5.34- 12% for Rerservoir Sand _A while Sw values for the reservoirs ranges from 38-42% in well 2 to about 68.79-96.06% in well 11. The result of original oil in place for all the wells calculated revealed that well 2 has the highest value with 9.3mmbls. These results indicate that the reservoirs under consideration have a poor to fair hydrocarbon (oil) prospect.
Pollutant Removal from Sewage in Tropical Climate by Constructed Wetland System: An Asset for Irrigation
Authors: Usharani Boopathy , Vasudevan Namasivayam
Published: October 2022

In the global outlook, letting of untreated sewage in existing river bodies deteriorates the water quality. The seepage likely depreciates the quality of ground water too. The quality of groundwater with special reference to India has tremendously gone down in the past twenty years leading to sour taste. On the other hand, agriculture sector is deprived of water in many places of India. A solution can be arrived concurrently by treating sewage and consuming the effluent in agricultural sector. First order kinetics was applied in constructed wetland system at different flow rates and optimised. At optimised HLR, effluent met the standards of discharge that can be utilized for agricultural/ irrigational purpose. The emanating major pollutants can be effectively treated using constructed wetland system under tropical climate. A few clippings at the onsite treatment illustrated the diversity of species thus adjoining sustainable biodiversity and treatment. Thus in tropical countries like India, constructed wetland system might pave solution not only for the treatment of sewage but in deploying the effluent in agricultural sector. A clean ecosystem can be achieved with sustainability.
Phytosociological Studies on Tree Species of Peddagattu and Sherepally Area, a Proposed Site for Uranium Mining Project, Nalgonda District, Telangana State, India
Authors: Baleeshwar Reddy A. , Hanumantha Rao V. , Vasudeva Rao V. , Vijaya Bhasker Reddy A.
Published: October 2022

The present study deals with the quantitative floristic inventory of Peddagattu and Sherepally area, Nalgonda district, Telangana State, India. The study resulted in documentation of 50 tree species belongs to 41 genera and 35 families. The families, Mimosaceae, Caesalpiniaceae and Fabaceae are dominated. Among the tree species Cassia fistula has showed highest IVI in Peddagattu, while in Sherepally Albizia amara has recorded highest IVI. Shannon–Wiener index (H') ranges from 2.41 to 3.03. The present study can serve as baseline information for phytosociolgical studies on tree species of Peddagattu and Sherepally area, a proposed site for Uranium mining project, Nalgonda district, Telangan State, India.
Using of Microbial Fertilizer as Biostimulant Alleviates Damage from Drought Stress in Guar (Cyamopsis Tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.) Seedlings
Authors: Kusvuran Alpaslan , Kusvuran Sebnem
Published: October 2022

Drought is a significant environmental stress that limits plant growth and yield. In this study, an investigation of guar, grown under different drought level conditions [(S0: 100% of field capacity), S1 (depletion of 75% the available water holding capacity), S2 (depletion of 50% the available water holding capacity), S3 (depletion of 25% the available water holding capacity), S4 (no applied irrigation water)] with regards to the impact of Chlorella vulgaris based microbial fertilizer on physiological, morphological, and enzymatic activity was performed. Microbial fertilizer applications significantly increased shoot length, fresh and dry weight of the shoot and root, and leaf number and area of guar plants compared to the only drought stress treatments. In addition, following the above-mentioned procedures, there were significant increases in the relative water content, total phenolic and flavonoid contents, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutation reductase (GR) activity. However, the malondialdehyde (MDA) content were significantly decreased. Hence, the results support the administration of a foliar application to the microbial fertilizer containing microalgae in order to increase the guar plant’s defense system, enabling it to tolerate the negative effects resulting from drought stress.
Effect of Herbicide (Quizalofop-p-Ethyl) on Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments, Enzymes and Yield Responses of Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.)
Authors: Mahakavi T. , Bakiyaraj R. , Baskaran L. , Rashid Nusrat , Ganesh K. Sankar
Published: October 2022

The recent experiment was conducted to assess the effect of herbicide (quizalafop-p-ethyl) on growth, photosynthetic pigments, enzymes and yield of Black gram (Vigna mungo L.) during the summer season 2013-2014. This experiment comprised black gram (variety ADT 3) and different concentrations of herbicide (quizalafop-p-ethyl) treatments compared with control. Reduction in growth, photosynthetic pigments, enzymes and yield parameters were observed with 0.5 % herbicide application followed by 1 %, 1.5 % and 2 %, out of all treatments 0.5 % shows least reduction. Thus, 0.5 % herbicide application is the safest way for weed control in Black gram field as it showed least adverse effect on growth, photosynthetic pigments, enzymes and yield of crop when compared with other treatments.
Induce Physical and Chemical Mutagenesis for Improvement of Yield Attributing Traits and their Correlation Analysis in Chickpea
Authors: Raina Aamir , Laskar Rafiul Amin , Khursheed Shahnawaz , Khan Samreen , Parveen Kouser , Amin Ruhul , Khan Samiullah
Published: October 2022

In the current scenario of sky high population and widespread food insecurity, there is an urgent need for productivity improvement of major crops like pulses, one of the most climate friendly and accessible foods for the large poor population of the world. Chickpea is an important pulse crop, having high percentage of nutritional content and is widely used as food across the world. Induced mutagenesis has proved over time as a coherent tool for modern plant breeders to improve the productivity for combating the food insecurity and malnutrition across the globe. Dry and healthy seeds of Cicer arietinum L. var. C-235 were treated with individual and combination doses of gamma rays, sodium azide and hydrazine hydrate to raise the M1 generation. M2 seeds harvested from M1 plants were sown in the nest season.Bio-physiological study in M1 generation showed growth inhibition in the order viz. combination treatment>hydrazine hydrate>gamma rays>sodium azide. In M2 generation, comparative observations were recorded for morphological variation and quantitative traits to assess the genetic response of the chickpea variety C-235 toward the different concentrations of mutagens. Observations on isolated mutants in M2 generation revealed that 0.3% HZ + 0.02% SA was most mutagenic while 200 Gy, 0.03% SA and 0.2% HZ were highest in their individual treatment groups. In context to the frequency of morphological mutants studied in M2 generation, dwarf mutants were found to be highest followed by tall and branching pattern mutants. Highly significant correlation coefficient between yield and other traits showed that the selection for high yielding mutants can be done on the basis of these traits undoubtedly.
The Application of Topographical Survey and the Arcgis Spatial Analys “Darcy Flow” Tool in Managing the Nurseries of Rubber Tress
Authors: Eboigbe M.A. , Obasogie F.O. , Alasah I. , Idiata D.J.
Published: October 2022

Farmers often rely on the physical appearance of rubber tree seedlings to decipher on growth rate. In situations of doubt especially when there is obvious reduction in chlorophyll or coax decay of roots, the most likely situation is induction by flooding. A sound nursery management technique which is both responsive to continuous monitoring of the terrain and also able to generate data for restoration is most desired. This study therefore employs a geospatial technique whereby topographical survey was used to pick field data while Geographical Information System analyses was able to generate accurate information on areas likely to both surface and underground discharge of materials. This method was also able to sum up all affected areas, alongside other attributes like the direction of surface flow and the rate of discharge.
RAPD-PCR as a Molecular Discriminative Technique for Human Pathogenic Bacteria - A Review
Authors: Pal Partha
Published: October 2022

The application of random amplified polymorphic DNA- polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) was found to be a simple, cheap and rapid tool to discriminate human pathogenic bacterial isolates especially at intraspecific level. This molecular biological technique relies on the use of random oligonucleotide primers that arbitrarily amplifies specific regions of the genome which gives rise to a unique genomic fingerprint of the strains under investigations. With continued development of novel molecular-based technologies for rapid, high-throughput detection of food borne pathogenic bacteria, the future of conventional microbiological methods such as viable cell enumeration, selective isolation of bacteria on commercial media, and immunoassays seems tenuous. Approaches that enhance recovery of sub lethally injured bacteria, differentiation among species, differentiation among bacteria of interest using biochemical profiling, enumeration using impedance technology, techniques to confirm the presence of target pathogens using immunological methods, and bioluminescence applications for hygiene monitoring are of utmost need in identifying and combating the human pathogenic isolates. The aim of this study is to esti­mate the efficiency of RAPD-PCR technique in assessing the genetic diversity of diseases causing bacterial isolates. The use of RAPD-PCR in evaluating the genomic variability among the pathogenic strains belonging to different genus are also been discussed in the present report.
The Application of Citric Acid in Combination with Some Micronutrients Increases the Growth, Productivity and a Few Chemical Constituents of Maize (Zea Mays) Plants
Authors: El-Yazal Mohamed A. Seif
Published: October 2022

The objective of this investigation was to study the helpful effects of foliar application with antioxidant citric acid in combos with some micronutrients on growth, yield and a few chemical constituents of maize (Zea mays L.) plants. The plants were grown up in clay soil, and foliar sprayed with eleven treatments (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, 0.45 and 0.5%) of combined fertilizer (citrine) which contains (15% citric acid, 2% Fe, 2% Mn and 2% Zn). The obtained results indicated generally that each one studied vegetative growth parameters (i.e. plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves /plant, dry weight of leaves) similarly as grain yield /fed. and some of their components (i.e. ear length, ear diameter, number of rows/ear, number of grains/row, grain weight/ear, weight of 100 grain and ear weight/plant) and some chemical constituents of leaves (chlorophyll a, b, total caroteniods, anthocyanin, total carbohydrates, total and reducing sugars, total free amino acids, total indoles, nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium) and grain protein %, were accrued with application of the various treatments. The maximum values were obtained from the treatment of 0.3%. On the contrary citrine treatments minimized reducing sugars and free phenol in leaves as compared to the control. The simplest results were obtained by the application of citrine treatment at 0.3%. Hence, it can recommend using citrine fertilizers as foliar application at the speed of 0.3% for improving growth, yield and chemical constituents of maize plants.
Isolation and Screening of Lactobacillus Bacteria for Ability to Produce Antibiotics
Authors: Lalam Chandra Mouli , Naidu P.Y. , Srinivasan T.
Published: October 2022

Antibiotic is one of the important commercially exploited secondary metabolites produced by bacteria and used in a wide range. Most of the antibiotics used today are isolated from the microbes. Bacteria are easy to culture, isolate, maintain and to improve their strain. Isolation of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from soil, yoghurt and cheese was carried out. LAB were cultivated on De Man Rogosa Sharpe (MRS) agar and were characterized based on colony morphology, cell shape and biochemical tests. Out of eight samples analyzed, 96 isolates were identified as LAB. The bacterial isolates were identified as Lactococcus Lactis, Lactobacillus Brevis, Lactobacillus casei, Pediococcus damnosus, Lactobaciilus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus Plantarum, Lactobacillus pentosus, Enterococcus feacalis, Staphylococcus Simulans.Using MRS broth, the isolated LAB were screened for production of bacteriocins. Further, 96 LAB screened for bacteriocin production, 12 LAB were identified as bacteriocin producers. Out of 12 LAB, Enterococcus faecium (CST-1) was identified as potential bacteriocin producer against Bacillus subtlis MTCC-10403 Pseudomonas aureginosa MTCC-4676 microorganisms used while Pediococcus damnosus had the least bacteriocin activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis.
 In Vitro Control of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicon L.) Fruit Rot Caused by Fungi Using Two Plant Extracts
Authors: Okey Edward Ntui , Akwaji Patrick Ishoro , Akpan Juliet Bassey , Umana Etim Johnson , Bassey Glory Akpan
Published: October 2022

The inhibitory properties of the ethanolic and methanolic leaf extracts of Vernoniaamygdalina and Colaacuminata on the fungal pathogens isolated from infected tomato fruits were investigated. The pathogens were Fusariummoniliformes and Rhizopusstolonifer. Various concentrations of the extracts ranging from 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100% were separately added to PDA media. The fungal pathogens were separately inoculated into the media and incubated for seven days. Antifungal effects of these extracts on the mycelia growth of the pathogens were significant at P<0.05 for all treatments at higher concentrations. At 10-50% concentration, ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Vernoniaamygdalina and Cola acuminata had no significant effect on the mycelia growth of Fusariummoniliformes and Rhizopusstolonifer after seven days observation period. At 60-100% concentrations, the two pathogens were completely inhibited by ethanolic extracts of Vernoniaamygdalina and Cola acuminata. Methanolic extracts of Vernoniaamygdalina and Cola acuminata inhibited completely Fusariummoniliformes and Rhizopusstolonifer at 80-100% concentrations. The in vitro inhibitory effects of these extracts at higher concentrations indicated that they can be used for the control of tomato fruit rot. It may be necessary to use them in prolonging the shelf-life of fresh tomato fruit and some other fruits.
A New Heart Rot Disease in Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. Caused by Navisporus floccosus (Bres.) Ryvarden
Authors: Kumar N. Praveen , Arya Arun
Published: October 2022

A wood decay fungus was defined based on the zone of tree that invades. N. floccosus causing heart rot was recorded in living trees of A. excelsa for the first time. The cultural characters of N. floccosus were described for the first time. Heart rot fungus i.e. N. floccosus decayed mostly heartwood of living tree. It colonized in the central portion of tree and begins decaying of wood which ultimately lead to death of A. excelsa tree was recognized for the first time. When decay proceed to the top of tree, the fruiting bodies grown in large size at butt region. During July 2007 i.e. monsoon months, due to the high wind velocity the weak tree was up rooted, which indicates that the fungus severely decayed heartwood of A. excelsa tree. After falling the tree, fungal hyphae in heart wood were very active so it produced fruiting bodies outside the trunk. On the malt agar plates containing tannic acid, it showed a positive reaction for oxidase and laccase and negative reaction for tyrosinase. Peroxidase test was positive with growth rate of >70 mm in 7 days.
Ecological Importance of Rhizophoraceae - A True Mangrove Family
Authors: Arunprasath A. , Gomathinayagam M.
Published: October 2022

Mangroves are various types of trees up to medium height and shrubs that grow in saline coastal sediment habitats in the tropics and subtropics mainly between latitudes 25° N and 25° S. Mangrove ecosystems represent natural capital capable of producing a wide range of goods and services for coastal environments and communities and society as a whole. Some of these outputs, such as timber, are freely exchanged in formal markets. Value is determined in these markets through exchange and quantified in terms of price. Particularly the mangroves of Rhizophoraceae have so many ecological importances. Breeding and nursery grounds for a number of marine organisms including the commercially important shrimp crab and fish species. Mangrove trees are also used for house building, furniture, transmission as well as telephone poles and certain household items. Mangrove trees have been the source of firewood in India since ancient time. Because of the high specific gravity of rhizophoraceous wood, the species of Rhizophora, Kandelia, Ceriops and Bruguiera are preferred for firewood.
Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA), their Prevalence, and Awareness among Girls of Reproductive Age of Distt Mandi Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Kumar Rakesh
Published: October 2022

Anemia constitutes a public health problem, in both developed and developing countries with major burden on economic and social develop ment. Present study was designed to examine the prevalence of anemia among girl students of Abhilashi College, Distt Mandi Himachal Pradesh. Hemoglobin (Hb) level of 87 girls students was determined. Prevalence of anemia was detected to have been quite high at 55%. Self-awareness of the condition among those anemic was dismally low at 10%. Health education constitutes an important approach to increase awareness about anemia in terms of exposures, risk factors, essential nutrition ingredients an d the importance of iron supplementations. Thus, the present study has tried to focus on those issues which are responsible for determining the level of anemia among wo men aged 20 to 40 years and has also tried to provide scientific exp lanations of iron deficiency anemia.
Effect of Milk and Xanthan as Egg Replacement on the Physical Properties of Mayonnaise
Authors: Shamooshaki Mahdi Ghajari , Mahounak Alireza Sadeghi , Ghorbani Mohammad , Maghsouldloo Yaya , Ziaeifar Aman Mohammad
Published: October 2022

The milk along with xanthan at levels 0, 1.9, 3.9, 5.9, 7.9, 9.9 and 0.1 and 0.2 % (No 1 (control) to 11 respectively) as egg replacement were used for preparation of mayonnaise. Creaming index, heat stability, physical stability and rheological properties of samples over a were investigated. Also flow behavior of samples were fitted to Power law, Herschel-Bulkley and Casson models. It was found that addition milk along with xanthan to mayonnaise protected from phase separation in comparison to control sample. All the samples had stability higher than 99% except samples 1, 4, 5 and 6. The highest stability was recorded for sample No 11 (99.98%) and the lowest for 5 (74.95%) that compared with control sample had significant differences (p> 0.05). All the samples except No 1 and 5 showed heat stability higher than 99 % and the highest stability recorded for No 11 ( 99.72%) and the lowest for No 5 (67.42 %) and in comparison with control were significantly different (p> 0.05). Apparent viscosity decreased with increase the egg replacement from 40% to 80%, as the highest and lowest viscosity observed in samples contain 100% and 80% replacement respectively. All samples showed shear-thinning behavior and the high coefficients of determination for Power law and Herschel-Bulkley models (0.99) revealed the adequacy of these rheological models to describe flow behavior of mayonnaise.
Structural Analyses of AC4 Protein of Sri Lankan Cassava Mosaic Virus
Authors: Gupta Sohini , Ganguli Sayak , Basu Protip , Datta Abhijit
Published: October 2022

RNA silencing is one of the important phenomenon in plant defense mechanism, it actively protect host plants against viral infections. Existing viruses must have developed counter defense strategies to survive this arms race. Such counter defense strategy is the viral silencing suppressor (VSRs) which have been reported to directly interfere with the various steps leading to the interference of viral RNAs. Most identified VSRs are multifunctional, besides being RNA-silencing suppressors, they often perform essential roles by functioning as coat proteins, helper components for viral transmission, replicases and movement proteins, proteases or transcriptional regulators. One such identified VSR is AC4 of Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virus strain. Trivial knowledge about the structure –function relationship of this VSR leads to this work, where we focus on the structure generation by modelling to identify the mode of interactions with the various effector molecules of the silencing pathways. Structural analyses have been performed to screen interacting residues. Results indicate conserved structural features which signify propensity of functional interactions and further shows that this VSR can be a potent tool for the analysis of RNA silencing mechanisms and the relationships between different silencing pathways and VSRs.
Enhanced Production, Purification and Characterization of Alkaline Keratinase from Streptomyces minutiscleroticus DNA38
Authors: Nandini Allure , Madhusudhan D.N. , Dayanand Agsar
Published: October 2022

A thermo tolerant, feather-degrading, newly isolated actinobacterial strain Streptomyces minutiscleroticus DNA38 was investigated for its ability to produce keratinase. Maximum production (283.4 IU) of keratinase by Streptomyces minutiscleroticus DNA38 in starch chicken feathers medium under submerged bioprocess was observed at optimized conditions of pH 9.0 of the medium and 45 °C incubation temperature. Further, an enhanced production (435.8 IU) of keratinase was achieved employing response surface methodology. Combined interactive effect of starch (7.50 g/L), yeast extract (0.74 g/L) and chicken feathers (7.50 g/L) were found to be the critical process variables for enhanced production under central composite design. Chicken feathers showed a direct action and addition of starch and yeast extract to the medium proved effective for a significant increase in the production of keratinase. The purified keratinase was monomeric and had a molecular mass of 29 kDa. The enzyme activity was significantly inhibited after pH 9.0 and temperature 50 °C.
Las 10 Principales Consultas en Medicina Comunitaria
Authors: Sandoval Espinoza Gabriela Fernanda , Iza Iza Verónica Maribel , Garzón Puetate Luis Carlos , Chimbay Cuaspud Yomaira Karolina , Yungan Yamberla Gissela Elizabeth , Guamán Quizhpe Maritza Elizabeth , Ugarte Izquierdo Oscar Alberto , Escobar Bautista Abrahan Rodrigo , Domínguez Hermenejildo Michelle Lissete , Lopez Zavala Emma Liz
Published: October 2022

Con el desarrollo de esta obra, el objetivo principal de los autores es que la presente se convierta en una forma de enseñanza que transmita conocimientos para ser aplicados en la práctica cotidiana, ademas que sea de utilidad en momentos decisivos en los que los profesionales deban actuar con diligencia, efectividad, sensibilidad y agudeza.
LITERASI DIGITAL SEBAGAI UPAYA PENDAMPINGAN PENGUATAN KOMPETENSI PENDIDIK DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Kumalasari Ellisia , Palupi Risqi Ekanti Ayuningtyas , Vidyastari Rhesma Intan , Desriyanti Desriyanti
Published: October 2022

Masih berlangsungnya pandemi Covid-19 memberikan dampak yang mempengaruhi segala aspek kehidupan, tidak terkecuali bidang pendidikan. Berbagai kebijakan telah diambil sebagai upaya untuk menekan angka penyebaran virus ini. Adapun dalam bidang pendidikan salah satu langkah atau kebijakan yang diambil adalah dengan ditiadakannya pembelajaran tatap muka dan diganti dengan pembelajaran daring atau online. Tidak hanya kegiatan pembelajaran di tingkat sekolah (SD,SMP,SMA) tetapi juga berlaku sampai ke tingkat Universitas. Kebijakan belajar daring juga bukan tanpa kekurangan. Masih banyak dijumpai kendala yang mengakibatkan terhambatnya keberlangsungan pembelajaran secara daring. Salah satu kendala yang dihadapi adalah masih banyaknya tenaga pendidik yang tidak atau belum menguasi teknologi dengan baik, serta memanfaatkannya sebagai salah satu bagian dari media belajar daring ini. Berdasarkan hal tersebut di atas, maka dirasa perlu untuk memberikan pelatihan dan pendampingan mengenai Literasi Digital sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan tujuan pembelajaran itu sendiri. Adapun pelatihan dan pendampingan ini dilaksanakan oleh para pakar dan tenaga ahli dari bidang IT, sehingga diharapkan hasil akhir dari pendampingan ini dapat meningkatkan keterampilan pendidik dalam menggunakan software maupun hardware. Dari kegiatan pelatihan dan pengabdian ini, keterampilan pendidik dalam mengoperasikan media pembelajaran mengalami peningkatan. Hal ini bisa dilihat dari hasil lokakarya yang telah dibuat, di mana 27 dari 30 peserta telah mengalami peningkatan baik dari pengetahuan maupun keterampilan daripada penggunaan media pembelajaran yang telah dilatihkan.
مقاصد الشريعة الإسلامية: دراسات في قضايا المنهج ومجالات التطبيق (مجموعة بحوث)
Authors: العوا محمد سليم
Published: October 2022

يضم هذا الكتاب الأوراق العلمية التي قدّمت في ندوة إنشاء مركز دراسات مقاصد الشريعة الإسلامية، ويتضمّن القسم الأول منه دراسات في البحث في موضوع مقاصد الشريعة، ونشأة هذا العلم وتطوره ومستقبله، ودراسة مقارنة بين فقه المقاصد وفقه النصوص، وبين المقاصد الكلية والنصوص الجزئية، والقواعد الأصولية والقواعد الفقهية، وأوراق علمية عن مقاصد الأحكام الشريعية وعللها، والمقاصد في المدرسة الشيعية، إشكالية التسمية والتمذهب. أما القسم الثاني فيتضمّن أوراق لتطبيقات عملية كتفعيل النموذج المقاصدي في المجال السياسي والاجتماعي، ومجال الوقف.
مقاصد الشريعة في المعاملات
Authors: بن بيه عبد الله
Published: October 2022

أكد العلامة بن بيّه في هذا الكتاب على مجموعة من المسائل التي يتعين فيها مراعاة المقاصد الشرعية، ومنها موضوع التضخم وموضوع بيع غير الموجود وغير المعين، وغيرها من المسائل التي تتداخل فيها الكثير من المصالح العصرية، والتي تستوجب مراعاة للمستجدات باجتهاد يراعي الأصول الشرعية. وعن طبيعة التعامل مع المقاصد الشرعية، لفت بن بيه إلى أن المدارس الفقهية اختلفت في تعاملاتها مع المقاصد على ثلاث، فالمدرسة الظّاهرية تهتم بالمباني ولا تهتم بالمعاني والمقاصد وتقف عند ظاهر النص. أما المدرسة الباطنيّة فتدّعي اهتماما بالمعاني وتهمل المباني إهمالاً واضحاً. بينما المدرسة الوسطيّة تعطي المبنى حقه وكذلك تهتمّ بالمعنى. تطرق العلامة بن بيّه في هذا الكتاب إلى مجموعة من المسائل التي يتعين فيها مراعاة المقاصد الشرعية، ويتخذ فيها موقفا حاسما من عدد من الفتاوى المتعلقة بالمعاملات المالية الإسلامية التي صدرت من قبل عدد من اللجان الشرعية والمجامع الفقهية في بلدان عديدة، مشيرا إلى افتقارها إلى النظرة المقاصدية. ودعا إلى التفكير في اجتهاد جديد تكون فيه للمقاصد والأهداف العليا للشريعة الإسلامية دورا أكثر أولية وأهمية.
Location of semi-rigid connections effect on the seismic performance of steel frame structures
Authors: Elhout Emad
Published: October 2022

In design steel frames, combining semi-rigid and rigid connections can result in better structural performance, particularly in seismic locations. In this study, the effects of semi-rigid beam-to-column connections located on the seismic performance of steel frame structures are investigated. The analysis uses six and twelve-story moment resisting steel frames (MRSF) with rigid, semi-rigid, and dual beam-column connections. These frames are designed according to the Egyptian design codes.  Drain-2Dx computer program and seven earthquake ground motions are used in the non-linear dynamic analysis. The rotational stiffness of beam-to-column connections is indicated through the end fixity factors with a value equal to 0.6. The performances of these frames are evaluated through the roof drift ratio (RDR), the maximum story drift ratios (SDR), and the maximum column axial compression force (MACF). The results indicated that the quantities of fundamental periods, roof drift ratio, the story drift ratio, and the column axial compression force are related to stiffness, rigidity, and the number of semi-rigid connections in steel frames.
Situaciones psicológicas desencadenadas durante la implementación del teletrabajo en el sector privado Panameño
Authors: Estrada Alvarez Ysbelia
Published: October 2022

Este estudio tuvo como propósito develar las situaciones psicológicas desencadenadas durante la implementación del teletrabajo del sector privado en la Ciudad de Panamá, año 2020, a partir de las vivencias de informantes seleccionados para conocer sus experiencias. Para este fin, se hizo revisión de las investigaciones sobre el tema teletrabajo realizadas por Acosta (2018), Barrios (2019), Cataño y Gómez (2014), OIT (2017), entre otros. La investigación se enmarcó en la postura epistemológica del paradigma fenomenológico interpretativo, utilizando la técnica de etnografía digital dado que el estudio se realizó en un contexto pandémico a causa del covid-19, estando restringida la movilidad de los investigadores. Se utilizó el método hermenéutico con la técnica de análisis de contenido, para interpretación y comprensión del discurso de los informantes. Su abordaje fue de tipología analítica de la investigación, ya que se orientó a la comprensión del fenómeno relacionado con la percepción sobre las situaciones psicológicas derivadas de la implementación del teletrabajo vivenciado por los informantes claves para configurar un nuevo discurso que contribuya a los múltiples significados emergentes. El diseño fue de corte virtual, ya que los informantes se encontraban fuera del ambiente laboral habitual. El estudio se basó en un diseño transaccional contemporáneo y diseño unieventual. Como resultado, pudo develarse la percepción de una implementación no planificada del teletrabajo, por la situación de cuarentena y medidas sanitarias por la pandemia del Covid-19, con afectación de índole emocional por trasladar actividades laborales al entorno familiar, interfiriendo en la rutina del hogar, con confinamiento y falta de socialización.
Tendencias actuales y estrategias del Marketing educativo en instituciones universitarias: Una revisión de la literatura científica
Authors: Rivero Jiménez Mervin José , León Urdaneta Elias Daniel , Flores Nessi Eddymar María
Published: October 2022

En el presente artículo se realiza una revisión teórica en torno a las tendencias actuales y estrategias del Marketing educativo en las instituciones universitarias. Dentro de este contexto, se concibe la educación con un enfoque social, donde las universidades buscar mejorar la gestión de sus procesos y posicionarse como organizaciones altamente calificadas para formar profesionales capaces de desempeñar eficaz y eficientemente su carrera en el mercado laboral. Sin embargo, los cambios actuales políticos, económicos, sociales y las nuevas tecnologías han llevado a la implementación de prácticas como el marketing dentro de las universidades. En este sentido, el marketing educativo se presenta como una estrategia de negocio para fomentar la imagen institucional de las universidades, así como para captar la atención, percepción y la satisfacción de los estudiantes. Por su parte, en el presente trabajo se realiza una revisión de la literatura científica que permitió profundizar en el tema de estudio, fundamentándose en las teorías y planteamientos de autores como: Enríquez et al. (2021); Cadena et al.(2018); Cerdá y Cristófol (2022); Mendoza y Racines (2018); Paladines et al. (2021); Villacrés et al. (2021); Fuentes (2021); Contreras (2020); Rueda et al. (2018); entre otros. Con relación a la metodología, este estudio se orienta por medio de la revisión documental. Las reflexiones generadas de la revisión teórica precisaron nuevas tendencias y estrategias de marketing educativo dentro de las universidades como son: endomarketing, neuromarketing, inbound marketing, marketing social, marketing digital, engagement, e-mail marketing, marketing relacional, marketing mix, marketing móvil, entre otros.
Herramientas para el desarrollo de la estrategia bajo el enfoque del Sistema Integrado de Gestión Estratégica
Authors: Márquez González Darío
Published: October 2022

Este estudio se desarrolló con el propósito de analizar la aplicación de las diversas herramientas que proponen los autores Francés (2001), Kaplan y Norton (2008), David (2008), D’Alessio (2008), Chiavenato y Sapiro (2011), Thompson, Peteraf, Gamble, y Strickland III (2012), entre otros, para el desarrollo de la estrategia empresarial, bajo el enfoque del Sistema Integrado de Gestión Estratégica. Desde la perspectiva metodológica, se trató de una investigación analítica de diseño documental bibliográfico a través de la cual se analizaron las herramientas propuestas por Kaplan y Norton (2008) en la etapa 1 del referido sistema, en búsqueda de establecer la vinculación entre ellas para el abordaje práctico de esa etapa del proceso. Los resultados permitieron concluir que no existe claridad en cómo se aplican e integran las diversas herramientas desde una perspectiva operativa para el desarrollo secuencial del proceso de planificación, por lo tanto, se recomienda el diseño de un esquema procedimental para la integración de las herramientas que sirven a la determinación de la estrategia empresarial.
Análisis del Clúster como modelo para aumentar la competitividad en las empresas exportadoras
Authors: Calderón Zamora Marjorie Jessenia , Calderón Zamora Oscar Xavier , Mendoza García Jorge
Published: October 2022

La competitividad en el comercio exterior y el fenómeno de la globalización, requieren que las empresas consideren estrategias orientadas al desarrollo económico local, regional y nacional, dando origen a concentraciones sectoriales de industrias que sean capaces de promover cambios en los procesos productivos y que su enfoque esté direccionado hacia la búsqueda de mejoras colectivas. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la importancia del clúster en el aumento de la competitividad en los mercados internacionales y considerar la importancia de agrupar las empresas ecuatorianas. La metodología es cualitativa con enfoque analítico, se consideró, además, el método hermenéutico, en donde se analizaron conceptos relacionados con el comercio exterior y competitividad. Para la recolección de datos se consideraron fuentes primarias y secundarias, que permitieron analizar e inferir en posibles soluciones. El estudio realizado sugiere, además, realizar investigaciones con empresas ecuatorianas para consolidar la presencia en los mercados internacionales en la búsqueda de promover el desarrollo económico y el éxito de las empresas. Tal como se ha determinado, es necesario que los sectores comerciales cuenten con recursos necesarios que les permitan aprovechar las oportunidades, maximizando la calidad de los productos o servicios, en busca de mejorar la productividad, competitividad y crecimiento económico. Estos resultados demuestran que se requiere profundizar los esfuerzos de quienes realizan este tipo de actividades comerciales, considerando que los clústeres sirven para incrementar la competencia, colaboración y vínculo informal entre las empresas y las instituciones inmersas en los diferentes segmentos de mercado.
Biosurfactant Production by Streptomyces sp. CGS B11 Using Molasses and Spent Yeast Medium
Authors: Jimenez Alvin , Requiso Princess , Maloles Johnry , Alcantara Edwin , Alcantara Virgie
Published: October 2022

Biosurfactants are considered a good alternative to highly-polluting petroleum-based surfactants that are toxic and non-biodegradable in nature. However, the high production cost of biosurfactants limits its potential for commercialization. The use of a highly efficient biosurfactant-producing actinomycetes isolate, combined with the utilization of low-cost substrates such as agro- industrial wastes, may aid in lowering the overall production cost. In this study, twenty-eight (28) actinomycetes isolated from distillery wastes and soil samples were screened for the production of extracellular biosurfactants. Based on the preliminary screening experiment, isolate CGS B11 – molecularly identified as Streptomyces angustmyceticus – produced the biosurfactant with the highest emulsification activity (E24). Subsequently, the best alternative carbon and nitrogen sources, salt supplement, and pH level were determined using one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) experiments. The highest measured biosurfactant activity was observed in the medium containing molasses, spent yeast autolysate, and NaCl, and a pH level ranging from 6.0–7.0. Biosurfactant production was observed to be growth associated with maximum emulsification activity achieved after 4 d of fermentation (late log phase). FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectra and biochemical composition analyses of the S. angustmyceticus CGS B11 biosurfactant suggest that it belongs to the lipopeptide type of biosurfactants. S. angustmyceticus CGS B11 biosurfactant also showed resistance and high stability on a wide range of temperature, pH, and salinity, and the ability to form stable and dense emulsions with various oils tested. It has great potential for various applications such as in the food and pharmaceutical industries, and in oil recovery and bioremediation. The results of this study will hopefully serve as a basis for large-scale production of biosurfactants utilizing agro-industrial wastes in the country.
Changes in Benthic Cover in the South Atoll of Tubbataha Reefs due to Possible Eutrophication
Authors: Licuanan Wilfredo , Bahinting Sandra Enn
Published: October 2022

The Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park is of global and local importance and is a benchmark and aspirational model for the condition of reefs within an MPA. Recently, small but significant overall declines in hard coral cover (HCC) and increases in algae were detected in Tubbataha. Changes were most consistent in Site 4 at the South Atoll, where lagoon waters drain through during ebb tide. Space available to corals here was covered by cyanobacteria in 2018, and then by sponges in 2019. These sponges have begun to overgrow coral. These changes in Site 4 are likely due to an increase in guano-derived nutrients in the lagoon waters of the South Atoll. They may initiate a continuing decline in corals and, thus, require enhanced monitoring.