bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Erythromycin or Clindamycin – is it Still an Empirical Therapy against Streptococcus agalactiae in Patients Allergic to Penicillin?
Authors: LESZCZYŃSKI PIOTR , SOKÓŁ-LESZCZYŃSKA BEATA , PIETRZAK BRONISŁAWA , SAWICKA-GRZELAK ANNA , WIELGOŚ MIROSŁAW
Published: January 2018

Retrospective analysis of Streptococcus agalactiae antibiotic susceptibility isolated in 2010–2013 was performed. Penicillin was still the firstline antibiotic. Due to the high percentage of strains resistant to erythromycin and clindamycin empirical treatment with these antibiotics may not be effective. Lower resistance rate to erythromycin and clindamycin among strains isolated from infected pregnant women and newborns were observed than among strains isolated from samples from patients hospitalized in other departments (29% and 47% v. 46% and 63%). The increasing resistance rate might give a rise to a new epidemiological situation.
The Cauldron of Life Experiences that Creates the Geriatrician: a Personal Perspective*
Authors: Gordon Michael
Published: January 2018

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La Fiesta de la Historia, de la Universidad a la ciudadanía: puesta en valor de la Historia y el Patrimonio = The “Feast of History”, from the University to the citizenship: an enhancement of History and Heritage
Authors: Moreno-Fernández Olga , García-Pérez Francisco F. , Borghi Beatrice , Dondarini Rolando
Published: January 2018

Resumen: La Fiesta de la Historia nace en Bolonia y se extiende, entre otras ciudades, a Sevilla. En ella juegan un papel fundamental la escuela, la universidad, las instituciones y las asociaciones culturales que, junto a expertos y estudiosos, van a mostrar a la sociedad y a recordar las raíces de dónde venimos, permitiendo poner en valor la historia de la ciudad y el territorio. Es una semana en que las plazas, las calles, teatros y centros escolares y administrativos de las ciudades participantes sirven de escenario para celebrar conferencias, mesas redondas, espectáculos y exposiciones. Estas actividades permiten acercar a la ciudadanía a la historia y al patrimonio de la ciudad. Presentamos las experiencias de Bolonia y presentamos y valoramos la puesta en marcha de la iniciativa en Sevilla, dos iniciativas que surgen desde la Universidad.Abstract:  The “Feast of History” originated in Bologna and extended, among other cities, to Seville. School, college, institutions and cultural associations, together with experts and scholars, play a key role in this Feast and try to make society remember its roots, allowing to value history of the city and territory. For a week the squares, streets, theaters, schools and administrative centers of the participating cities are the setting for lectures, panel discussions, performances and exhibitions. These activities aim at bringing the history and heritage of the city to participants. We present the experiences of Bologna and the initiative of Seville, both initiatives arising from the University.
Constituciones conciliares y sinodales del Arzobispado de Sevilla (I) = Conciliars and synodals Constitutions of the Archbishopric of Seville (I)
Authors: Romero Mensaque Carlos
Published: January 2018

Reseña de la obra / Book review: Sánchez Herrero, J. (dir.) (2007). Synodicon Baeticum I. Constituciones conciliares y sinodales del Arzobispado de Sevilla. Tomo I: años 590 al 1604. Sevilla: Universidad de Sevilla, 187 p. + 1 CD. ISBN 978-84-472-0940-8.
Constituciones conciliares y sinodales del Arzobispado de Sevilla (II) = Conciliars and synodals Constitutions of the Archbishopric of Seville (II)
Authors: Romero Mensaque Carlos José
Published: January 2018

Reseña del libro / Book review: Núñez Beltrán, M. A. (coord.). (2012). Synodicon Baeticum II. Constituciones conciliares y sinodales del Arzobispado de Sevilla. Tomo II. Siglos XIX-XX. Sevilla: Universidad de Sevilla, 160 p. + 1 CD. ISBN 978-84-472-1406-8.
La justice constitutionnelle face au mouvement conservateur : la Cour suprême du Canada et le gouvernement Harper (2006-2015)
Authors: Mockle Daniel
Published: January 2018

Les orientations politiques du gouvernement conservateur de Stephen Harper ont fait, directement ou indirectement, l’objet de plusieurs litiges devant la Cour suprême du Canada. Celle-ci, à l’unanimité, ou par une majorité importante, a répondu par la négative à des réformes introduites par les conservateurs, ainsi qu’à l’égard de questions sensibles pour leur programme politique. Jamais auparavant, le Canada n’avait connu une polarisation aussi nette entre la fonction exécutive et la fonction judiciaire. Il en est résulté l’image d’une tension ou d’un « conflit », avec les nuances nécessaires pour le contexte institutionnel et politique. Si cet affrontement peut donner lieu à un bilan proprement juridique pour divers champs du droit constitutionnel, la piste explicative de cet épisode ne peut être réduite à une lecture au premier degré fondée sur des considérations de droit positif. Une mise en perspective montre une nette divergence entre la Cour suprême et les conservateurs sur le constitutionnalisme. Avant d’être un élément fondateur du droit constitutionnel, le constitutionnalisme relève avant tout de la théorie politique, ce qui montre, en définitive, l’ampleur des divergences qui ont marqué la période 2006-2015.
Les médecins comme travailleurs autonomes au sein du système public de santé au Québec : le passage d’une autonomie professionnelle à une imputabilité sociale
Authors: Savard Anne-Marie
Published: January 2018

L’article qui suit porte sur l’évolution historique de la régulation entourant la pratique médicale, qui a permis le passage de l’autonomie professionnelle des médecins à leur imputabilité dans le système de santé, particulièrement en matière d’accès aux soins et aux services. L’auteure démontre d’abord que, bien que la pratique de la médecine ait pris un tournant majeur avec la mise en place d’un système public de santé au début des années 70, les médecins auront néanmoins réussi à conserver une marge de manoeuvre appréciable dans la pratique de leur profession, et ce, au cours des 30 premières années. L’auteure révèle ensuite que la présence de pressions financières de plus en plus importantes, l’émergence d’une nouvelle gestion publique au sein de l’administration publique québécoise et l’introduction d’une philosophie managériale dans le système de santé ont poussé l’État à contraindre toujours plus la pratique médicale, plus particulièrement à partir des années 2000. Cette nouvelle orientation, misant notamment sur la gestion par les résultats, la transparence et la reddition de comptes, a incontestablement rendu possible l’adoption inédite de la Loi édictant la Loi favorisant l’accès aux services de médecine de famille et de médecine spécialisée et modifiant diverses dispositions législatives en matière de procréation assistée (Projet de loi no 20) ainsi que la conclusion d’ententes entre le ministre de la Santé et des Services sociaux et les fédérations médicales, consacrant désormais une imputabilité des médecins à l’égard du gouvernement, et ultimement de la population, en matière d’accès aux soins et aux services de santé.
Lorsque le temps est l’ennemi de notre bien : les fondements et les origines de la prescription acquisitive en matière immobilière
Authors: Levesque Frédéric , Cloutier Maude
Published: January 2018

À la suite d’une simple lecture des articles du Code civil du Québec portant sur la prescription acquisitive, il est permis de penser que l’institution peut servir à s’approprier, en toute légalité, le terrain de son voisin. En effet, une personne qui occupe un terrain pendant un certain temps peut en devenir propriétaire en bonne et due forme en vertu des règles de la prescription acquisitive. Ce mode d’acquisition de la propriété semblera parfois immoral et injuste, particulièrement aux yeux de la personne qui perdra son droit de propriété. La réalité est tout autre. La prescription acquisitive existe dans la plupart des systèmes de droit et ses origines remontent à plus de 2 000 ans. L’institution est fondamentale et si elle sert parfois à « voler une terre », c’est un effet collatéral rarissime et justifié. Pourquoi avoir adopté de telles règles qui peuvent venir déposséder un propriétaire de son bien au bénéfice d’un tiers ? La présente étude a pour objet de préciser les justifications et les fondements de la prescription acquisitive ainsi que de mettre en évidence les causes véritables et les circonstances réelles de la naissance de l’institution, tout en suivant l’évolution de la notion, de sa conception jusqu’à aujourd’hui.
Escenas de confesiòn en Los siete locos y Los lanzallamas de Roberto Arlt: Malestar y acontecimiento
Authors: Kottow Keim Andrea Roberta
Published: January 2018

Resumen: El planteamiento inicial del artículo postula que las teorías psicoanalíticas comenzaron a circular y a popularizarse más allá de los marcos médicos y psiquiátricos en América Latina y Argentina, específicamente en Buenos Aires, en las décadas del ‘20 y ‘30. Las ideas freudianas producen una profunda transformación en la concepción del sujeto, de la relación que mantiene este consigo mismo y con los otros, emergiendo un sujeto atravesado por el inconsciente. La literatura de este período se puebla de figuras literarias que exploran esta dimensión inconsciente del sujeto. A partir de una lectura de las novelas Los siete locos (1929) y Los lanzallamas (1931) de Roberto Arlt, el texto explora la figura de las escenas de confesión que en ellas se darían, posibilitando los textos literarios la aparición de un dispositivo psicoanalítico, que gira en torno a una verdad de carácter dialógico y escénico.

Palabras clave: Roberto Arlt, Psicoanálisis, escenas de confesión, malestar, acontecimiento.

Abstract: The article proposes that psychoanalytic theories began to circulate, - and to be popular beyond medical and psychiatric circles -, in Latin-America and Argentina, especially in Buenos Aires, in the 1920s and 1930s. The ideas of Freud produce a profound transformation in the concept of the subject, of the relationship he has with itself and with others, letting a subject emerge that is marked by the unconscious. Starting from an interpretation of the novels Los siete locos (1929) and Los lanzallamas (1931) by Roberto Arlt, the article examines the figure of confession scenes. Through these scenes, a psychoanalytic dispositive emerges, involving a dialogical and scenic truth.

Keywords: Roberto Arlt, Psychoanalysis, Confession Scenes, Uneasiness, Event.
Chantal Maillard. Una experiencia común del vacío / Chantal Maillard. A common experience of emptiness
Authors: Martínez García Miguel Ángel
Published: January 2018

Resumen: Este artículo se acerca a la experiencia de malestar que se elabora en la obra de Chantal Maillard y que podríamos reconocer (tal es nuestra propuesta) como una “experiencia del vacío”. A través del análisis de sus obras (poéticas, diarios, ensayos, etc.), y del apoyo en textos de teoría psicoanalítica y filosofía política, llegamos a la conclusión de que solo a partir de la elaboración de dicha experiencia (en la que el vacío no es taponado ni colmado) esta puede ser leída como una experiencia de “cualquiera” y, por tanto, de algún modo, como una experiencia “común”.
Palabras clave: Vacío, Cuerpo, Experiencia, Común, Cualquiera.

Abstract: This paper approaches the experience of unease in Chantal Maillard’s work, which we could identify as an “experience of emptiness”. Through the analysis of her works (poems, diaries, essays, etc.), and also through a theoretical frame based on a psychoanalytic and a philosophical approach, we will conclude that it is only through the working out of this experience (in which emptiness cannot be blocked or even fullfilled), that it can be understood as an “anyone’s experience”, and therefore as a “common” experience.

Keywords: Emptiness, Body, Experience, Common, Anyone.
¿Elegirías curarte si pudieras hacerlo? / Would you choose to heal if you could?
Authors: Silvestri Leonor
Published: January 2018

Bonus track de Games of Crohn. Diario una internación
2º ed. Queen Ludd Editora 2017 (edición corregida y ampliada).
"El poder no es el suelo natal del sujeto". Conversación con Jorge Alemán / “Power is not the native soil of the subject” Conversation with Jorge Alemán
Authors: Raymondi José Alberto
Published: January 2018

Resumen: En esta conversación se aborda un tema de especial interés en el marco del pensamiento contemporáneo: la biopolítica y su relación con lo que se puede considerar como las nuevas teorías de la subjetividad o el sujeto. El psicoanálisis se encuentra en la actualidad entre los discursos que han renovado la perspectiva modera de la concepción del sujeto. Lacan se ha convertido en un autor subversivo de estas concepciones clásicas acerca de lo subjetivo. En ese marco conceptual, Jorge Alemán se ha erigido en los últimos años como un autor relevante para entender las posibles articulaciones entre política y psicoanálisis. Fundamentalmente sus desarrollos e innovación teórica permite un diálogo con los pensadores que luego de Foucault continúan pensando y produciendo en torno a la biopolítica. Esta conversación aborda puntos cruciales de los planteamiento más álgidos y complejos de ese debate actual.

Palabras clave: Jorge Alemán, psicoanálisis, poder, sujeto, biopolítica.

Abstract: This conversation deals with a topic of special interest for contemporary thought: biopolitics and its relationship with the new theories of the subject. Psychoanalysis is currently among the discourses that have renewed the moderate perspective of the conception of the subject. Lacan has become a subversive author of the classic conceptions about it. In this conceptual framework, Jorge Alemán has emerged as a relevant author to understand the possible links between politics and psychoanalysis. Fundamentally, his theoretical innovation allow a dialogue with the thinkers that after Foucault continue to think about biopolitics. This conversation addresses crucial points of the most critical and complex approach to this current debate.

Keywords: Jorge Alemán, Psychoanalysis, Power, Subject, Biopolitics.
La enfermedad llamada tristeza / The malady named sadness
Authors: Berardi, 'Bifo' Franco
Published: January 2018

Resulta extremadamente triste mirar al mar en estos días.

Aquí, donde paso mis vacaciones de verano, en la costa del Mediterráneo, algunos chicos jóvenes nadan o toman el sol inocentemente. La gente joven no quiere saber qué está pasando, ellos únicamente saben que el infierno se está extendiendo y está engullendo su vida. A veces creo que se lo merecen. Pero sé que la ignorancia no es un defecto, la miseria moral no es su culpa, es una enfermedad.
IOT - FROM NEW MARKET OPPORTUNITIES AND BUSINESS MODEL TO SECURITY CONCERN // IOT – OD NOVIH TRŽIŠNIH PRILIKA I POSLOVNOG MODELA DO BRIGE O SIGURNOSTI
Authors: Jakupović Sanel , Novaković Vesna
Published: January 2018

In terms of innovations and their contribution to increasing the quality of everyday life of individuals, as well as the improvement of the business of companies, it is undoubtedly necessary to significantly consider the concept of “Internet of Things”. In this paper, the basic principles of Internet of Things will be presented, as well as the possibilities of applying this concept in order to improve the everyday business of companies. Bosnia and Herzegovina is far from the rest of the economies in which IoT is in use and the application of which is constantly increasing. “Internet of Things” makes things “think”, and “be smart”. Through the collection of data, the algorithms of artificial intelligence and their networking, the circle of communication between things is closed, and the human factor is excluded.
AIR TRANSPORT PRIVATIZATION TRENDS
Authors: Tatalović Mirko , Bajić Jasmin , Šupuković Vedran
Published: January 2018

It is important to consider basic principles, practical results and consequences, in order to understand practical results and consequences of privatization. In case of airline privatization trends, it is obvious that this process is very intensive, but without guarantee for success on the air transport market.  Analysis of the European airlines members of Association of European Airlines in the period 1991-2015 is confirming trends of privatization for solving the problem of “distressed state airline syndrome”, Airline foreign ownership and control rules is one of the limiting factors in privatization processes worldwide. Procedures and principles for the privatization process of airports and air navigation services are in accordance with ICAO’s standards and recommended practices.The ownership structure is not the central issue of an airport privatization with different structure of solutions in practice. In the sector of Air Navigation Services or Air Traffic Control, privatization is not so frequent but still existing. From government perspective, it is important for the selected operator to be well reputed, financially stable and experienced enough. Analysis of air transport privatization points out complexity of different options in process of sustainability in very dynamic global changes and challenges on the aviation market.
Analisys of the influence of alcohol on the motor skills and attention of a driver
Authors: Petrović Darko , Kukić Dragoslav , Džagić Nenad , Lončar Milan
Published: January 2018

Alcohol is recognized as one of the factors in the occurrence of traffic accidents, which significantly affects the occurrence of accidents and the severity of their consequences. In this paper, the results of the pilot survey present the measures of influence of intoxicated drivers on the status of their motor skills and attention in traffic. The effect of alcohol is simulated using the “drunk glasses” that simulate the effects of the alcohol on the human body: reduced alertness, slowed reactions, confusion, distortion of the visual field, change of distance and depth perception, narrowing of peripheral vision, poor judgment and decision making, image duplication, lack of muscle coordination and the like. Motor skills were tested using the “Vienna test” system which measures the reaction speed, motor skills, attention, concentration and the assessment of traffic situations. For the purposes of this study the results of the “Vienna test” were analyzed -a driver without “drunk glasses” and wearing the glasses. Glasses for alcoholic level of 0,6 - 0,8 ‰ were used in the study. Through a comparative analysis obtained by this research we point to the impact that alcohol has on the perceptual skills of drivers.
Kinesiological Analysis of Difference in Application of the Body Building and Crossfit Training Method // Kineziološka analiza razlika u primjeni metoda treninga body buildinga i crossfita
Authors: Mikić Branimir , Bozoljac Jovana , Ivanek Vladimir , Bojić Semir , Šljivić Edisa
Published: January 2018

The main aim of this research is to identify the kinesiological differences in approaches and methods of training in the field of Crossfit and Bodybuilding, based on the kinesiological, anthropological and technical characteristics, as well as to determine the difference between recreationists and athletes in engagement programs such as Crossfit and Bodybuilding. The survey was conducted on a sample of 84 subjects, namely: 48 recreationists and 36 athletes. Research results show that a far greater number of recreationists are engaged in Bodybuilding compared to athletes. What is the main characteristic of this study is that the recreationists or athletes are not sufficiently informed about the Crossfit program and that it is rarely used in recreational and training activities.
Artificial Dermis Composite Tissue Flaps versus Traditional Prefabricated Flaps
Authors: Wang Yuchong , Sun Mengyan , Dai Haiying , Lv Chuan , Xu Jianguo , Tao Ran , Wu Kai , Wang Xinwei , Xue Chun Yu
Published: January 2018

Objective

We compared the application of artificial dermis composite tissue flaps and traditional prefabricated flaps in a rat model of exposed bone and tendon injury.

Methods

Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups (n = 40 per group). Group A rats received artificial dermis composite tissue flaps and group B rats received traditional prefabricated flaps. Flap appearance, range of motion, degree of swelling, tissue histologic results, and imaging findings were compared between groups at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days.

Results

There was no difference in flap appearance, range of motion, or degree of swelling between groups. However, blood perfusion of the artificial dermis composite tissue flap was better than that of the traditional prefabricated flap; the artificial dermis was also found to be thicker than the traditional prefabricated flap.

Conclusions

The artificial dermis composite tissue flap is an ideal method for repairing exposed bone and tendon, and it displays repair effects comparable with those of the traditional prefabricated flap and may be a better alternative.
Male participation in reproductive planning: an integrative review / Participação do homem no planejamento reprodutivo: revisão integrativa
Authors: Nogueira Isabela Lima , Carvalho Simone Mendes , Tocantins Florence Romijn , Freire Mary Ann Menezes
Published: January 2018

Objetivo: O planejamento reprodutivo ou familiar, foi uma grande conquista para a população. Porém, ainda que o planejamento reprodutivo, seja um espaço para homens e mulheres,  é visível que o maior público de participação presente são as mulheres. Descrever o conhecimento científico sobre a participação do homem no planejamento familiar. Método: Revisão integrativa realizada na LILACS, BDENF e IBECS. Foram encontradas treze publicações que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. Resultados: O comando da mulher sobre a própria fecundidade é considerado um dos grandes alicerces do processo de empoderamento, recaindo, consequentemente sobre o ser feminino as decorrências de uma possível gravidez indesejável. Conclusão: Partindo do pensamento que a concepção é resultado natural e sexual entre  homem e  mulher, é imprescindível que continuemos a trabalhar isso em todos os espaços de ações educativas, principalmente no planejamento reprodutivo, para que possamos construir a igualdade de gênero na escolha do método contraceptivo .
Factors related to the development of stress and burnout among nursing professionals who work in the care of people living with HIV/aids / Fatores relacionados ao desenvolvimento de estresse e burnout entre profissionais de enfermagem que atuam na assistência a pessoas vivendo com HIV/aids
Authors: Sanches Roberta Seron , De Souza Andressa Rodrigues , Lima Rogério Silva
Published: January 2018

Objetivo: Identificar quais os fatores relacionados ao desenvolvimento de desgaste emocional, estresse e burnout estão presentes na assistência de enfermagem às pessoas vivendo com HIV/aids. Método: Revisão integrativa de literatura, com busca eletrônica de publicações nas bases de dados MEDLINE e LILACS, utilizando-se os descritores: esgotamento profissional, enfermagem, infecções por HIV em português e/ou em suas variações na língua inglesa. Resultados: Somente 9 artigos foram incluídos na seleção por se enquadrarem nos critérios de inclusão e atender a questão norteadora. Ressalta-se que 100% destes artigos são originários de periódicos internacionais, assim como desenvolvidos no continente africano. Conclusão: Estressores como falta de recursos, dificuldades para atender às expectativas da clientela, sobrecarga de trabalho, necessidade de lidar com a morte dos clientes e medo de contaminação estão presentes no cotidiano desses profissionais, podendo culminar na ocorrência de estresse e burnout, e comprometer a assistência prestada.
Integrative omics analysis of p53‐dependent regulation of metabolism
Authors: Huang Jiajun , Long Ze , Lin Wanjun , Liao Xiaolin , Xie Ying , Liu Liang , Ma Wenzhe
Published: January 2018

Accumulated evidence in the last decade implies that regulation of metabolism by p53 represents a reviving mechanism vital to prevent tumorigenesis. To gain a more in‐depth understanding of metabolic regulation by baseline levels of p53, we employed both metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis with human colon cancer cell‐line HCT116 depleted of p53. Metabolomics analyses with UPLC/quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry identified 283 significantly changed metabolites including 138 important metabolites. Transcriptomics analysis with microarray revealed 1317 differentially expressed genes. By integrated analysis of both omics data, we found nucleotides metabolism and sulfur‐related metabolism are of great importance. Our study provided a pilot comprehensive view of the metabolism regulated by p53 and suggests several potential p53 targets in metabolism for further study.
Dawn‐Dusk Auroral Oval Oscillations Associated With High‐Speed Solar Wind
Authors: Liou Kan , Sibeck David G.
Published: January 2018

We report evidence of global‐scale auroral oval oscillations in the millihertz range, using global auroral images acquired from the Ultraviolet Imager on board the decommissioned Polar satellite and concurrent solar wind measurements. On the basis of two events (15 January 1999 and 6 January 2000) studied, it is found that (1) quasi‐periodic auroral oval oscillations (~3 mHz) can occur when solar wind speeds are high at northward or southward interplanetary magnetic field turning, (2) the oscillation amplitudes range from a few to more than 10° in latitudes, (3) the oscillation frequency is the same for each event irrespective of local time and without any azimuthal phase shift (i.e., propagation), (4) the auroral oscillations occur in phase within both the dawn and dusk sectors but 180° out of phase between the dawn and dusk sectors, and (5) no micropulsations on the ground match the auroral oscillation periods. While solar wind conditions favor the growth of the Kelvin‐Helmholtz (K‐H) instability on the magnetopause as often suggested, the observed wave characteristics are not consistent with predictions for K‐H waves. The in‐phase and out‐of‐phase features found in the dawn‐dusk auroral oval oscillations suggest that wiggling motions of the magnetotail associated with fast solar winds might be the direct cause of the global‐scale millihertz auroral oval oscillations.
Modeling Thermal Pressurization Around Shallow Dikes Using Temperature‐Dependent Hydraulic Properties: Implications for Deformation Around Intrusions
Authors: Townsend Meredith R.
Published: January 2018

Pressurization and flow of groundwater around igneous intrusions depend in part on the hydraulic diffusivity of the host rocks and processes that enhance diffusivity, such as fracturing, or decrease diffusivity, such as mineral precipitation during chemical alteration. Characterizing and quantifying the coupled effects of alteration, pore pressurization, and deformation have significant implications for deformation around intrusions, geothermal energy, contact metamorphism, and heat transfer at mid‐ocean ridges. Fractures around dikes at Ship Rock, New Mexico, indicate that pore pressures in the host rocks exceeded hydrostatic conditions by at least 15 MPa following dike emplacement. Hydraulic measurements and petrographic analysis indicate that mineral precipitation clogged the pores of the host rock, reducing porosity from 0.25 to <0.10 and reducing permeability by ~5 orders of magnitude. Field data from Ship Rock are used to motivate and constrain numerical models for thermal pore fluid pressurization adjacent to a meter‐scale dike, using temperature‐dependent hydraulic properties in the host rock as a proxy for porosity loss by mineral precipitation during chemical alteration. Reduction in permeability by chemical alteration has a negligible effect on pressurization. However, reduction in porosity by mineral precipitation increases fluid pressure by constricting pore volume and is identified as a potentially significant source of pressure. A scaling relationship is derived to determine when porosity loss becomes important; if permeability is low enough, pressurization by porosity loss outweighs pressurization by thermal expansion of fluids.
Particle‐Based Modeling of Pull‐Apart Basin Development
Authors: Liu Yuan , Konietzky Heinz
Published: January 2018

A scale‐independent modeling approach based on the discrete element method has been established to investigate the development of pull‐apart basins. The main findings can be summarized as follows. Thirty degree underlapping models produce pull‐apart basins that evolve from spindle‐shaped through lazy‐Z‐shaped to rhomboidal and stretched rhomboidal basin. Ninety degree nonoverlapping and 150° overlapping models generate rhomboidal pull‐apart basins without going through spindle‐shaped and lazy‐Z‐shaped stages. The shape of a pull‐apart basin is the consequence of both the initial strike‐slip fault geometry and its various evolution stages. Rhomboidal basins, which have larger basin length than the amount of motion, form in overlapping systems and do not progress through the spindle‐shaped and lazy‐Z‐shaped stages such as the Dead Sea basin. Rhomboidal basins with cross‐basin faults tend to form in underlapping systems. All the numerical models show nearly the same trend for maximum principal stress versus relative extension εx* (horizontal opening divided by fault separation). Peak stress and onset of crack propagation are observed for εx* of ~0.035. The relative extension to form the first depression is ~0.155. Therefore, for a pull‐apart to form in nature, the displacement and time needed to form the first cracks and depression area can be estimated from the corresponding εx* and the slip rate of the strike‐slip faults. The time needed to form the first depression can be considered as the minimum age of initiation for the pull‐apart basin. This method to deduce the starting age of pull‐apart basin development can be used for basins which are still active.
Attribution of Large‐Scale Climate Patterns to Seasonal Peak‐Flow and Prospects for Prediction Globally
Authors: Lee Donghoon , Ward Philip , Block Paul
Published: January 2018

Flood‐related fatalities and impacts on society surpass those from all other natural disasters globally. While the inclusion of large‐scale climate drivers in streamflow (or high‐flow) prediction has been widely studied, an explicit link to global‐scale long‐lead prediction is lacking, which can lead to an improved understanding of potential flood propensity. Here we attribute seasonal peak‐flow to large‐scale climate patterns, including the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), using streamflow station observations and simulations from PCR‐GLOBWB, a global‐scale hydrologic model. Statistically significantly correlated climate patterns and streamflow autocorrelation are subsequently applied as predictors to build a global‐scale season‐ahead prediction model, with prediction performance evaluated by the mean squared error skill score (MSESS) and the categorical Gerrity skill score (GSS). Globally, fair‐to‐good prediction skill (20% ≤ MSESS and 0.2 ≤ GSS) is evident for a number of locations (28% of stations and 29% of land area), most notably in data‐poor regions (e.g., West and Central Africa). The persistence of such relevant climate patterns can improve understanding of the propensity for floods at the seasonal scale. The prediction approach developed here lays the groundwork for further improving local‐scale seasonal peak‐flow prediction by identifying relevant global‐scale climate patterns. This is especially attractive for regions with limited observations and or little capacity to develop flood early warning systems.
Social Position Influencing the Water Perception Gap Between Local Leaders and Constituents in a Socio‐Hydrological System
Authors: Haeffner Melissa , Jackson‐Smith Douglas , Flint Courtney G
Published: January 2018

How well city leaders represent their constituents and meet their needs are key concerns in transitioning to local sustainable water governance. To date, however, there is little research documenting the influence of social position between elected leaders who make policy, career staff water managers who design and operate systems and implement policies, and the members of the public whose individual water use behaviors are important drivers of water sustainability outcomes. In this study, we ask: “How does social position explain variation in water perceptions and concerns between different actors in a socio‐hydrological system?” Using a mixed method approach with survey and interview data, we explore the ways that positioning within the governance system, geographic context, and citizen engagement in local government mediate perceptions of the urban water system. Regardless of local biophysical water supply conditions, residents showed most concern about future water shortages and high water costs, while their leaders were consistently most concerned about deteriorating local water infrastructure. Further, constituents who received water‐related information directly from public utility mailings or served on community committees and boards had perceptions that were more aligned with leaders' concerns. The importance of social structure over natural and built environments in shaping water issue perceptions underscores the value of social analysis in socio‐hydrology studies. Further, practitioners looking to increase consensus for a transition to sustainable water governance might work to develop institutional mechanisms to increase opportunities for water user involvement in local water system governance.
Tubular Micro/Nanomachines: From the Basics to Recent Advances
Authors: Xu Borui , Zhang Biran , Wang Lu , Huang Gaoshan , Mei Yongfeng
Published: January 2018

Inspired by the machines that have changed the world through their autonomous functions, scientists have focused their attention on performing similar functions at the micro/nanoscale. The motility of these micro/nanomachines (micro/nanomotors) offers enormous opportunities for cargo delivery, biodetection, and environmental and biomedical applications. Among the various geometries of micro/nanomotors, a tubular shape provides asymmetric inner and outer surfaces, where the inner wall hosts chemical reactions that supply the moving power and the outer wall can be modified for specific chemical and biological functions. This review describes the concept of tubular micro/nanomotors, including their basic principles, fabrication methods and control over their motion. With the assistance of catalytic reactions, tubular micro/nanomotors can generate a powerful thrust force to navigate in complex natural and in vitro environments. Modification of the tubular micro/nanomotors allows the motors to capture, transport, and release selected cargos on demand. In addition, their application in sensing and decontamination benefits from their collection behavior and self‐mixing effect. Furthermore, noncatalytic reaction‐driven tubular micro/nanomotors, such as redox‐based and biohybrid tubular micro/nanomotors, provide new possibilities for practical in vivo applications. The state‐of‐the‐art tubular micro/nanomotors could offer a promising platform for various applications, e.g., lab‐on‐chip devices and in vivo theranostics.
Coexistence of Negative Differential Resistance and Resistive Switching Memory at Room Temperature in TiOxModulated by Moisture
Authors: Zhou Guangdong , Duan Shukai , Li Ping , Sun Bai , Wu Bo , Yao Yanqing , Yang Xiude , Han Juanjuan , Wu Jinggao , Wang Gang , Liao Liping , Lin Cunyan , Hu Wei , Xu Cunyun , Liu Debei , Chen Tian , Chen Lijia , Zhou Ankun , Song Qunliang
Published: January 2018

Coexistence of negative differential resistance (NDR) and resistive switching (RS) memory is observed using a Ag|TiOx|F‐doped‐SnO2memory cell at room temperature. Unlike other reports, the coexistence of NDR and RS strongly depends on the relative humidity levels at room temperature. The NDR disappears when the cells are placed in a dry air ambient (H2O < 5 ppm) or in vacuum, but the coexistence emerges and gradually becomes obvious after the cells are exposed to ambient air with relative humidity of 35%, and then becomes dramatically enhanced as the relative humidity becomes higher. Due to the excellent stability and reversibility of the coexistence of NDR and RS, a multilevel RS memory is developed at room temperature. Hydroxide ion (OH−) is induced by gas‐phase water‐molecule splitting on the surface and interface of the memory cell. The OH−interacts with oxygen vacancies and transports in the bulk of memory cell to facilitate the migration of Ag ions and oxygen vacancies along grain boundaries. These processes are responsible for the moisture‐modulated and room‐temperature coexistence. This work demonstrates moisture‐modulated coexistence of NDR and RS for the first time and gives an insight into the influence of water molecules on transition‐metal‐oxide‐based RS memory systems.
Influence of normal contact force model on simulations of spherocylindrical particles
Authors: Kumar Rohit , Sarkar Avik , Ketterhagen William , Hancock Bruno , Curtis Jennifer , Wassgren Carl
Published: January 2018

How the choice of elastic normal contact force model affects predictions from discrete element method simulations of spherocylindrical particles is investigated in this article. Three force models were investigated: (1) a Hertzian force model (HFM) which assumes a circular contact area; (2) a linear force model (LFM) with a constant stiffness; and (3) a modified HFM (MFM) that accounts for various contact areas and contact transitions. With the MFM, transitions between contact area types must be accounted for otherwise discontinuities in the contact force can occur. It is found that simple force models (HFM, LFM) can be substituted for more accurate force models if only force data and bulk properties are of interest. However, if more detailed contact information, such as contact area, contact overlap, contact duration, or collision frequency, are needed, for example, in population balance models and transient liquid bridge modeling, then a more accurate force model should be used. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 64: 1986–2001, 2018
Lattice Boltzmann simulation of asymptotic longitudinal mass dispersion in reconstructed random porous media
Authors: Yang Chen , Lin Yixiong , Debenest Gérald , Nakayama Akira , Qiu Ting
Published: January 2018

To research macroscopic mass transport characteristics of porous media, a lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) approach was utilized to calculate asymptotic longitudinal mass dispersion. In this study, a D2Q9 model with multi‐relaxation‐time (MRT) collision operator, which is appropriate for incompressible flow with a high Péclet number without refining the lattice, was chosen. With respect to the microstructure of porous media, random placement (RP) method was applied to obtain randomly positioned particles. Based on the exhausted numerical results presented in the study, a new correlation of longitudinal mass dispersion was established. By comparing with available experimental data in the literature, reasonable agreements are observed in a wide porosity range from 0.3 to 0.7, indicating the validity of the proposed correlation. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical EngineersAIChE J, 64: 2770–2780, 2018
Microsystems of Recovery in Homeless Services: The Influence of Service Provider Values on Service Users’ Recovery Experiences
Authors: Manning Rachel M. , Greenwood Ronni Michelle
Published: January 2018

Highlights

Physical health, mental health, and community integration recovery is possible in homelessness.

Recovery experiences are predicted by homeless services users’ sense of personal mastery.

Personal mastery is predicted by service users’ perceived choice in housing and services.

Perceived choice is predicted by homeless service providers’ consumer‐led oriented values.

Recovery‐oriented homeless services must enable service users’ self‐determination.
Citizenship and Community Mental Health Care
Authors: Ponce Allison N. , Rowe Michael
Published: January 2018

Highlights

Communities have an obligation to support the citizenship of persons with mental illnesses.

Citizenship includes recognition of the humanity, worth, and dignity of all persons and groups.

Our citizenship framework includes individual and structural interventions to address citizenship.

We contend that mental health providers are well positioned to support citizenship development.
Thia‐Michael Addition: An Emerging Strategy in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Wadhwa Preeti , Kharbanda Anupreet , Sharma Anuj
Published: January 2018

The thia‐Michael addition reaction has been demonstrated to be a highly powerful tool in organic synthesis. Indeed, the influential nature of this reaction has been well‐established in the fields of medicinal chemistry, catalysis, drug discovery, and materials science. The emergence of numerous synthetic strategies that take advantage of thia‐Michael addition reactions of electron‐deficient alkenes has unleashed countless opportunities for the design and synthesis of diverse biologically relevant organosulfur compounds. However, despite myriad potential synthetic applications, there has not been any exclusive reviews of the thia‐Michael addition reaction. Therefore, this Focus Review plots the journey of the thia‐Michael addition reaction in organic synthesis, and is categorized according to catalyzed and catalyst‐free thia‐Michael addition reactions.
Vicinal anti‐Dioxygenation of Alkenes
Authors: Wang Chuan
Published: January 2018

Vicinal diols and their derivatives are common motifs in a large number of biologically active compounds and are also important intermediates in organic synthesis. To achieve these structural units in a highly stereoselective manner, direct dioxygenation of simple alkene precursors has proved to be the most straightforward approach, and thus many practical procedures using various strategies have been developed. In this Focus Review a concise summary of the main methods for anti‐dioxygenation of olefins is presented.
A Simple but Efficient Small Molecule with a High Open Circuit Voltage of 1.07 V in Solution‐Processable Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Deng Dan , Zhang Yajie , Wang Zaiyu , Wu Qiong , Ma Wei , Lu Kun , Wei Zhixiang
Published: January 2018

Acceptor–donor–acceptor (A–D–A) is an effective molecular design strategy for organic small molecules. In this work, we reported a simple A–D–A small molecule (TBDT‐2HT‐ID), with thiophene‐substituted benzodithiophene (TBDT) as a core, 1H‐indene‐1,3(2H)‐dione (ID) as end‐capped acceptor, and linked by the π‐bridge of 3,6‐dihexylthieno[3,2‐b]thiophene. UV and CV results showed that the molecule exhibited good absorption in the range of 300–700 nm but a very low HOMO energy level (−5.47 eV). Grazing incidence X‐ray diffraction (GIXRD) results demonstrate it has good crystallinity and adopts an edge‐on molecular packing, and consequently its hole mobility could reach 1×10−3 cm2 V‐1S−1. Based on PC71BM as acceptor, TBDT‐2HT‐ID had an excellent power conversion efficiency with 7.4 % without any post‐treatment, and a very high Voc of 1.07 V, which would be one of the highest Voc reported so far.
Copper‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Arylative Desymmetrization of Prochiral Cyclopentenes with Diaryliodonium Salts
Authors: Wu Hua , Wang Qian , Zhu Jieping
Published: January 2018

A copper‐catalyzed enantioselective arylative desymmetrization of prochiral cyclopentenes with diaryliodonium salts was developed. In the presence of a catalytic amount of a chiral copper–bisoxazoline complex, which was generated in situ, the reaction of 4‐substituted or 4,4‐disubstituted cyclopent‐1‐enes with diaryliodonium hexafluoroarsenates afforded the chiral arylated products in good yields with excellent enantioselectivity. A cyclohexyl‐containing Box ligand was essential for the high enantioselectivity. Transformation of the enantiomerically enriched adducts into other chiral building blocks is also documented.
Solvation‐Induced Changes in the Mechanism of Alcohol Oxidation at Gold/Titania Nanocatalysts in the Aqueous Phase versus Gas Phase
Authors: Muñoz‐Santiburcio Daniel , Farnesi Camellone Matteo , Marx Dominik
Published: January 2018

Gold/titania catalysts are widely used for key reactions, notably including the selective oxidation of alcohols in the liquid phase. Our large‐scale ab initio simulations disclose that the liquid‐phase reaction mechanism is distinctly different from that in the gas phase because of active participation of water molecules. While concerted charge transfers related to O2 splitting and abstraction of both protonic and hydridic hydrogens are enforced under dry conditions, stepwise charge transfer is preferred in the condensed phase. Dissociation of reactive water molecules and subsequent Grotthuss migration of protonic defects, H+(aq), allows for such a decoupling of the oxidation process, both in time and space. It is expected that these observations are paradigmatic for heterogeneous catalysis in aqueous phases.
Use of an efficient polystyrene‐supported cerium catalyst for one‐pot multicomponent synthesis of spiro‐piperidine derivatives and click reactions in green solvent
Authors: Mondal Paramita , Ghosh Swarbhanu , Das Sabuj kanti , Bhaumik Asim , Das Debashis , Islam Sk. Manirul
Published: January 2018

One‐pot multicomponent reactions are very demanding in synthetic organic chemistry. Here we report a new polystyrene‐supported cerium catalyst (PS‐Ce‐amtp) obtained via an easy two‐step procedure, which was thoroughly characterized using various techniques. PS‐Ce‐amtp catalyses the environmentally benign one‐pot multicomponent synthesis of spiro‐piperidine derivatives through the reaction of substituted aniline, cyclic active methylene compound and formaldehyde at room temperature. The catalyst also exhibits excellent catalytic activity in one‐pot synthesis of 1,4‐disubstituted 1,2,3‐triazoles via click reaction between in situ generated azides (derived from anilines and amines) and terminal alkynes. The catalyst can be recovered easily after reaction and reused five times without significant loss in its catalytic activity. The advantageous features of this catalyst are atom economy, operational simplicity, short reaction times, easy handling and high recycling efficiency.
Preparation, crystal structure, spectroscopic studies, DFT calculations, antibacterial activities and molecular docking of a tridentate Schiff base ligand and its cis‐MoO2 complex
Authors: Ebrahimipour S. Yousef , Khosravan Mehrji , White Jonathan , Fekri Sahar
Published: January 2018

We synthesized a tridentate Schiff base ligand, 6‐(((2‐hydroxyphenyl)amino)methylene)‐2‐methoxycyclohexa‐2,4‐dienone [H2L], as well as its Mo(VI) complex [MoO2(L)(DMSO)], and then characterized them completely using elemental analysis, FT‐IR, UV–Vis and 1HNMR spectroscopy techniques. X‐ray single crystal diffraction method was used for the determination of the structure of the synthesized ligand and complex. All other spectroscopic techniques performed, confirmed that [MoO2(L)(DMSO)]had an octahedral geometry around the Mo(VI) central ion coordinated by the donor atoms of the deprotonated ligand, two oxido groups and one oxygen atom of DMSO molecule. Hybrid functional B3LYP with DGDZVP as basis set was applied for DFT calculations of the compounds in their ground state. The MEP, Mulliken, HOMO‐LUMO energy gap and thermodynamic properties of the compounds were also theoretically predicted. In‐vitro antimicrobial studies on the synthesized compounds indicated the great antibacterial activities of the Mo(VI) complex against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus cereus bacteria.