bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rehabilitation and Prehabilitation for Upper Extremity in Throwing Sports: Emphasis on Lacrosse
Authors: Vincent Heather K. , Vincent Kevin R.
Published: September 2019

Lacrosse imposes multiple simultaneous physical demands during play including throwing and catching a ball while holding a crosse, running, cutting, and jumping. Often, these skills are completed while experiencing contact from another player leading to both on-and-off platform movements. Other motions include defensive blocking and pushing past defenders. Repetitive motions over sustained durations in practice or competition impart mechanical stresses to the shoulder or elbow joints, supportive muscles, and connective tissue. Preparation for lacrosse participation involves bilateral optimization of strength and durability of stabilizer muscles. Passing and shooting skills are encouraged to be equally effective on both sides; therefore, symmetric strength and flexibility are vital for prehabilitation and rehabilitation efforts. This article will: 1) provide insights on the upper-extremity musculoskeletal demands of lacrosse and related sports with similar throwing motion and 2) describe prehabilitation and rehabilitation methods that improve athlete durability and reduce likelihood of upper-extremity injury.
Pelvic Floor Dysfunction in Female Athletes: Is Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport a Risk Factor?
Authors: Rebullido Tamara Rial , Stracciolini Andrea
Published: September 2019

Due to the unique demands of sport participation on the body, female athletes are at increased risk for pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) and relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S). A high number of female athletes suffer from PFD, especially urinary incontinence. Several biomechanical and physiological risk factors may play a role in the development of PFD in female athletes. RED-S has been shown to be associated with PFD. The goal of this commentary is to discuss RED-S as a risk factor for PFD and propose a mechanism for this relationship.
Effects of Physical Activity, Exercise, and Fitness on Obesity-Related Morbidity and Mortality
Authors: Lavie Carl J. , Carbone Salvatore , Kachur Sergey , O'Keefe Evan L. , Elagizi Andrew
Published: September 2019

Obesity is associated with increased prevalence of cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) risk factors, which may adversely impact CV structure and function and may increase the prevalence of most CVD, particularly heart failure (HF) and coronary heart disease (CHD). Physical activity (PA), exercise training (ET) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are all associated with marked reductions in most CVD, including HF and CHD. Additionally, PA/ET and, especially CRF, markedly alter the relationship between adiposity and subsequent major CVD outcomes and dramatically impact the “obesity paradox,” which are all reviewed, including attention to the debate regarding “fitness versus fatness” for long-term prognosis, including in patients with established CVD.
Democracia digital na área de administração: um levantamento da construção do campo no Brasil
Authors: Pinho Jose Antonio Gomes , Sampaio Rafael Cardoso , Winkler Ingrid , Morais Katia
Published: September 2019

Esta pesquisa realiza um levantamento da produção acadêmica no campo da Administração sobre democracia digital, governo eletrônico e termos afins. A prospecção envolve artigos que abordam gestão, políticas públicas e sistemas de informação, publicados em periódicos qualificados na área de Administração, entre 2002 e 2016. O estudo lança mão de uma análise de conteúdo, classificando as publicações de acordo com as seguintes variáveis: ano, periódico, autor, abordagem (gerencial, política, híbrida). Foram encontrados 49 artigos, distribuídos em apenas sete periódicos e majoritariamente produzidos por pesquisadores provenientes de apenas seis instituições brasileiras. Ademais, evidenciamos que o termo “democracia digital” era praticamente inexistente até 2011. Por fim, a abordagem gerencialista era predominante inicialmente, mas foi superada pela abordagem política nos últimos anos. Conclui-se que a área de Administração já foi capaz de superar uma visão excessivamente gerencial, mas que o tema ainda carece de maior atenção acadêmica.
Transparência como elemento da coprodução na pavimentação de vias públicas
Authors: Rocha Arlindo Carvalho , Schommer Paula Chies , Debetir Emiliana , Pinheiro Daniel Moraes
Published: September 2019

Este artigo analisa a transparência como elemento da coprodução de bens e serviços públicos. São considerados tipos de coprodução discutidos na literatura, apresentados elementos estruturantes da coprodução e suas relações – transparência, accountability, confiança e participação cidadã, e detalhados três modelos de provisão da pavimentação de vias em municípios brasileiros. Trata-se de um estudo teórico-empírico, descritivo e analítico, que focaliza o programa “Pavimenta Ação” como base para a discussão. A abordagem é qualitativa, com levantamento e análise de dados documentais e entrevistas com gestores públicos e moradores, realizadas em 2016 e 2018. Como resultado, destaca-se a relevância da transparência na coprodução, em contextos de deficit de accountability, ao contribuir para aproximar servidores públicos e cidadãos, promover confiança e viabilizar as obras.
Antecedentes da inovação no setor público brasileiro: um estudo em um núcleo de inovação tecnológica
Authors: Andrade de Souza Neto Rômulo , Figueiredo Dias Gabriela , Sano Hironobu , Barbosa Andrade de Sousa Medeiros Rochelle
Published: September 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar os antecedentes da inovação em Núcleos de Inovação Tecnológica (NITs). O que motivou essa investigação foi a escassez de pesquisas sobre os antecedentes da inovação no setor público brasileiro e, em especial, em órgãos que atuam como agentes de inovação, como os NITs. A fundamentação teórica adotada é a literatura sobre os antecedentes da inovação no setor público. A metodologia é qualitativa, e os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com sete trabalhadores de um NIT, localizado na região Nordeste do Brasil. Foi realizada análise de conteúdo, que contou com auxílio do software NVivo11®. Os resultados revelam que “características da inovação” atua como o principal antecedente-facilitador da inovação nos NITs, enquanto “antecedentes organizacionais” atua como o principal antecedente-barreira. Os resultados desta pesquisa podem ser utilizados para fundamentar outros estudos sobre inovação, compreender as particularidades da inovação no setor público brasileiro e formular políticas públicas que promovam a inovação.
Construtora Maciel: o desafio de resgatar a credibilidade e manter o time em uma empresa envolvida na Lava Jato
Authors: Motta Rodrigo Guimarães , Corá Maria Amélia Jundurian
Published: September 2019

O Brasil tem vivido tempos bastante frustrantes, quando considerada a relação ética entre o Estado, a política e as empresas. Escândalos envolvendo empresas nacionais e o governo tornaram-se recorrentes desde 2014, sendo a chamada Operação Lava Jato, um conjunto de investigações em andamento pela Polícia Federal do Brasil, o principal entre todos eles. Este caso de ensino busca apresentar a história de uma construtora envolvida nos escândalos da Lava Jato, buscando, principalmente, enfocar a estratégia a ser adotada pelo atual presidente para reverter a imagem institucional da empresa, bem como reter e motivar os funcionários que permaneceram na organização.
Cuidado, Joana, quem atrasa é a noiva!
Authors: Bastos Manoel , Taumaturgo Italo Anderson , Brandão Halana Adelino , Silva Brena Carolina de Oliveira
Published: September 2019

O caso relata a prestação de serviço do Ateliê da Joana (nome fictício), microempresa localizada na cidade de Crato, interior do estado do Ceará. Com base na visão da cliente Lara e da proprietária Joana, são narradas as divergências na gestão da empresa relacionadas às funções administrativas de planejamento, organização, direção e controle. Cada subseção do caso evidencia os problemas e as necessidades de ações a serem tomadas. Assim, o caso se finda com algumas questões para que estudantes de Administração possam elucidar, ao se colocarem no papel da gestora.
Predicting the chances of live birth for couples undergoing IVF-ICSI: a novel instrument to advise patients and physicians before treatment
Authors: Estácio da Veiga Bruna , Tavares Duarte Pedro , Metello José Luis , Ferreira Fernando , Ferreira Pedro , Fonseca José Manuel
Published: September 2019

Background: In developed countries, the prevalence of infertility ranges from 3.5% to 16.7%. Therefore, the number of in vitro fertilization technique (IVF) and its subtype intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatments has been significantly increasing across Europe. Several factors affect the success rate of in vitro treatments, which can be used to calculate the probability of success for each couple. As these treatments are complicated and expensive with a variable probability of success, the most common question asked by IVF patients is ‘‘What are my chances of conceiving?”. The main aim of this study is to develop a validated model that estimates the chance of a live birth before they start their IVF non-donor cycle.

Methods: A logistic regression model was developed based on the retrospective study of 737 IVF cycles. Each couple was characterized by 14 variables (woman’s and man’s age, duration of infertility, cause of infertility, woman’s and man’s body mass index (BMI), anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), antral follicle count (AFC), woman’s and man’s ethnicity, woman’s and man’s smoking status and woman’s and man’s previous live children) and described with the outcome of the treatment "Live birth" or "No live birth".

Results: The model results showed that from the 14 variables acquired before starting the IVF procedures, only male factor, man’s BMI, man's mixed ethnicity and level of AMH were statistically significant. The interactions between infertility duration and woman’s age, infertility duration and man’s BMI, AFC and AMH, AFC and woman’s age, AFC and woman’s BMI and AFC and disovulation were also statistically significant. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve test for the discriminatory ability of the final prediction model is 0.700 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.660–0.741).

Conclusions: This model might result in a new validated decision support system to help physicians to manage couples’ expectations.
Understanding reproductive health challenges during a flood: insights from Belkuchi Upazila, Bangladesh
Authors: Ray-Bennett Nibedita S. , Corsel Denise M. J. , Goswami Nimisha , Ghosh Aditi
Published: September 2019

Background: Bangladesh is exposed to natural hazards such as floods, cyclones and droughts. As such, its health systems and health infrastructure are exposed to recurrent disasters. Research studying the impacts of natural disasters on reproductive health in particular is lacking. This research contributes to this knowledge gap by studying the challenges related to menstrual regulation and post-abortion care at both the facility and community levels, and the care-seeking patterns of pregnant women during the 2016 flood in Belkuchi, Bangladesh.

Methods: Six government-run primary health care facilities were assessed using a structured assessment tool prior to the flood of 2016. In total, 370 structured interviews were conducted with women in three unions of Belkuchi (Belkuchi Sadar, Daulatpur and Bhangabari) 4 months after the 2016 flood.

Results: The main challenges at the facility level are a lack of services and a shortage of medicines, equipment and trained health workers. The main challenges at the community level are displacement, high rates of self-diagnosed spontaneous abortion and a lack of treatment for post-abortion complications. A majority of the interviewed women (48%) sought menstrual regulation from the residence of a nurse or family welfare visitor. In total, 73.2% of the women who experienced post-abortion complications sought medical care.

Conclusion: To overcome the challenges at the facility level, it is important to construct flood-resistant health infrastructure and train health workers in menstrual regulation and post-abortion care, so that these services can be made available during a flood. At the community level, more research is required to understand the reasons for spontaneous abortions so that these, and the subsequent chronic conditions/complications women experience, may be avoided. Context specific interventions that can overcome local challenges (both at the community and facility levels) are required to promote disaster resilience at primary health care facilities.
Adverse birth outcomes and their clinical phenotypes in an urban Zambian cohort
Authors: Price Joan T , Vwalika Bellington , Rittenhouse Katelyn J , Mwape Humphrey , Winston Jennifer , Freeman Bethany L , Sindano Ntazana , Stringer Elizabeth M , Kasaro Margaret P , Chi Benjamin H , Stringer Jeffrey SA
Published: September 2019

Background: Few cohort studies of pregnancy in sub-Saharan Africa use rigorous gestational age dating and clinical phenotyping. As a result, incidence and risk factors of adverse birth outcomes are inadequately characterized.

Methods: The Zambian Preterm Birth Prevention Study (ZAPPS) is a prospective observational cohort established to investigate adverse birth outcomes at a referral hospital in urban Lusaka. This report describes ZAPPS phase I, enrolled August 2015 to September 2017. Women were followed through pregnancy and 42 days postpartum. At delivery, study staff assessed neonatal vital status, birthweight, sex, and assigned a delivery phenotype. Primary outcomes were: (1) preterm birth (PTB; delivery <37 weeks), (2) small-for-gestational-age (SGA; <10th percentile weight-for-age at birth), and (3) stillbirth (SB; delivery of an infant without signs of life).

Results: ZAPPS phase I enrolled 1450 women with median age 27 years (IQR 23–32). Most participants (68%) were multiparous, of whom 41% reported a prior PTB and 14% reported a prior stillbirth. Twins were present in 3% of pregnancies, 3% of women had short cervix (<25mm), 24% of women were HIV seropositive, and 5% were syphilis seropositive. Of 1216 (84%) retained at delivery, 15% were preterm, 18% small-for-gestational-age, and 4% stillborn. PTB risk was higher with prior PTB (aRR 1.88; 95%CI 1.32–2.68), short cervix (aRR 2.62; 95%CI 1.68–4.09), twins (aRR 5.22; 95%CI 3.67–7.43), and antenatal hypertension (aRR 2.04; 95%CI 1.43–2.91). SGA risk was higher with twins (aRR 2.75; 95%CI 1.81–4.18) and antenatal hypertension (aRR 1.62; 95%CI 1.16–2.26). SB risk was higher with short cervix (aRR 6.42; 95%CI 2.56–16.1).

Conclusions: This study confirms high rates of PTB, SGA, and SB among pregnant women in Lusaka, Zambia. Accurate gestational age dating and careful ascertainment of delivery data are critical to understanding the scope of adverse birth outcomes in low-resource settings.
LEIO E ME RELEIO: LITERATURA E MEMÓRIA NO ENSINO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS / I read and re-read: literature and memory in teaching young people and adults
Authors: Pinheiro Alexandra Santos , Dos Santos Iva Carla Aveline Teixeira
Published: September 2019

Temos como objetivo analisar a relação de mulheres adultas, alunas do Ensino Fundamental (modalidade EJA), de uma escola na cidade de Dourados-MS, com os textos literários e sobre como isso se reflete em suas histórias de vida e de leitura. A pesquisa foi dividida em duas etapas: a primeira consistiu em levar o texto literário para salas de aula da EJA com a abordagem da sequência básica de Letramento Literário (COSSON, 2010) e relatar em diários de campos como as alunas receberam e reelaboraram o texto literário. A segunda etapa buscou proporcionar a estas mulheres a oportunidade de narrar as suas histórias de vida e de leitura por meio de entrevistas. Para que as duas etapas se cumprissem, foram necessárias duas metodologias de abordagem: a primeira, a pesquisa-ação e a segunda, história oral. O propósito principal, além de lhes proporcionar contato com o texto literário e lhes despertar o desejo de narrar a própria história, foi o de lançar um olhar reflexivo para o corpus formado pelos relatos obtidos através da entrevistas e estimular o uso do texto literário nas salas de aula da EJA. A pesquisa foi apoiada em estudos de Halbwachs (1990) e Ricouer (2007) sobre a memória e estudos de Todorov (2009) e Candido (2004) sobre a literatura. Dentre os resultados, destacamos que a literatura pode contribuir de forma significativa com a formação leitora dos jovens e adultos, entretanto, ela está à mercê de um sistema de ensino vulnerável e falido.
O ENSINO DE LITERATURA SOB A PERSPECTIVA DO LIVRO DIDÁTICO DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA DO ENSINO MÉDIO / The teaching of literature under the perspective of the teaching book of Portuguese language of middle school
Authors: Sousa Denise Dias de Carvalho
Published: September 2019

Este artigo tem o objetivo de expor os resultados de uma pesquisa sobre o Livro Didático de Língua Portuguesa do Ensino Médio, evidenciando o ensino de literatura a partir da seleção e abordagem dos conteúdos, temas e textos literários, bem como o viés teórico-metodológico que sustenta o desenvolvi­mento das atividades propostas nas obras, com vistas à formação do leitor literário. Para tanto, tomaram-se como corpus as coleções do 1º ao 3º ano de Língua Portuguesa escolhidas pelos docentes do Centro Territorial de Educação Profissional do Piemonte da Diamantina II, em Jacobina – Bahia, em 2017. As supracitadas coleções foram investigadas tendo como parâmetro a Lei de Diretrizes e Base da Educação Nacional 9394/96 (LDB) (2017), em especial a Base Nacional Curricular Comum (BNCC) – etapa Ensino Médio, e os estudos voltados para um ensino de literatura menos utilitarista,  com ênfase nos aspectos literários, favorecendo a interação entre leitor e obra literária a partir da produção de sentidos. Optou-se pela análise documental, a fim de inscrição num status científico do conteúdo expresso no corpus, com vistas a sua contribuição na formação do leitor literário. Alguns resultados demonstraram que há: a) predomínio da perspectiva teórico-metodológica pautada na historiografia literária brasileira b) escassez de textos não canônicos e c) poucas atividades de cunho interpretativo, que incidam na literariedade dos textos, em seus recursos linguísticos, interlocutivos e críticos, numa perspectiva intertextual e interdiscursiva.
ENSINO DE LITERATURA E O DESEJO DE APRENDER MAIS E MAIS – ENTREVISTA COM MATILDES DEMETRIO DOS SANTOS / Literature teaching and the desire to learn more and more – Interview with Matildes Demetrio dos Santos
Authors: Dos Santos Matildes Demetrio , Pereira Maria Betânia Almeida , Amparo Flávia , Da Silva Mônica Gomes
Published: September 2019

Nesta entrevista, as organizadoras do dossiê “Ensino de Literaturas: abordagens e travessias” dialogam com a Professora Dra. Matildes Demetrio dos Santos,  de Literatura Brasileira, da Universidade Federal Fluminense. As questões levantadas têm o intuito de trazer à baila o pensamento da pesquisadora e professora de forma que sinalizam pontos instigantes para o debate, que vão desde o processo do contato inicial com o texto literário, sua formação, passando também pelas ações concernentes ao espaço acadêmico, no contexto atual.
TEMPO E TRABALHO NA CAPITAL DO JEANS / Time and labor at the jeans capital
Authors: Pizzinga Vivian Heringer
Published: September 2019

Resenha do documentário Estou me guardando para quando o carnaval chegar. Direção de Marcelo Gomes. São Paulo: Vitrine filmes, 2019.
ENTRE PINTURA E LITERATURA, A MEMÓRIA-MÓBILE / Between painting and literature, the mobile memory
Authors: Ramos Danielle Cristina Mendes Pereira
Published: September 2019

Este trabalho investiga a dicção poética do eu na literatura contemporânea, tramada pelo que reconhecemos como uma memória-móbile, isto é, pela compreensão da memória em sua condição plural e plasmável - uma instância em moto perpétuo de construção, a partir de jogos simbólicos de negociação de imagens. A partir desse diapasão, propomos a reflexão sobre os livros de contos, de Lygia Fagundes Telles, Invenção e Memória (2009) e Conspiração de Nuvens (2007), com o fito de estabelecer conexões entre o ficcional, o autobiográfico e os processos de organização de imagens relativas à memória. Muito especificamente, interessa-nos estudar a figuração de imagens do eu através da experiência infantil, explorando a composição de tais imagens e seu alinhamento a uma abordagem que faz do topos da infância uma estratégia estética a tangenciar narrativas subjetivas e experimentação artística. Propomos uma leitura comparativa e intersemiótica entre as referidas obras de Telles e as seguintes pinturas de Tarsila do Amaral: A Negra (1923); e Abaporu (1928). A fim de entender o papel dessa memória-móbile, entre o pictórico e o poético, examinaremos modos pelos quais as artistas, através de linguagens estéticas distintas, lidam com pontos de contato em suas criações, a saber, a tessitura de imagens simbólicas da infância por narrativas coletivas, e os elos entre pinturas que englobam narrativas e narrativas que conformam imagens visuais.
Devir selvagem: a arte do grito ( ou do grito na arte)
Authors: Silva Mariah Rafaela
Published: September 2019

A partir de uma performance realizada em 2016, o grito opera como máquina de guerra (Deleuze e Guattari, 2012) capaz de agenciar um coletivo que mobiliza uma matilha, de modo que a experiência transexual seja entendida como potência, jamais como loucura. O objetivo desse trabalho é refletir sobre algumas dinâmicas de poder sobre às transexualidades tendo como marcadores de diálogo a raça e dispositivos de opressão na arte. O grito, como uma forma de resistência, coloca em agenciamento “estruturas” de subjetivação que compõem cartografias “trans específicas” em espaços hegemônicos. É deste modo que surge o devir selvagem; aquele que ao devorar os processos assimétricos que lhe assujeitam, cria mundos possíveisoperando fissuras nas hegemonias e construindo redes de afeto e modos de existir.
“EU GOSTO MESMO É DAS BIXAS”: REFLEXÕES SOBRE IDENTIDADE AO SOM DE LINN DA QUEBRADA
Authors: Dos Santos Ariel Dorneles , Duque Tiago
Published: September 2019

O presente trabalho apresenta uma análise do funk e do discurso utilizado por Linn da Quebrada, moradora de uma comunidade da Zona Leste da cidade de São Paulo. Em suas palavras, ela se identifica como “uma bixa, transviada, uma bixa travesti, periférica, preta que está experimentando o corpo e está se jogando”. A metodologia utilizada é a etnografia virtual, através de videoclipes e entrevistas da cantora disponíveis em diferentes canais na plataforma do YouTube. O referencial teórico é, principalmente, o pós-estruturalista, com ênfase na perspectiva queer. Considerando a forma como Linn da Quebrada refere-se ao seu próprio corpo e identidade, percebe-se a priore que ela parece apresentar uma dissidência dentro da dissidência por não ser cisgênera e também borrar o que se entende por ser travesti, contudo, essa ideia é problematizada devido ao fato de em alguns momentos borrar a norma, mas, em outros, reiterá-la. Sua experiência de identificação parece ser como a de um elemento que não cabe em nenhuma categoria, mas que se apossa das que foram designadas e as subverte, contestando e apresentando novas possibilidades, novos processos de inteligibilidade/reconhecimento.
PROBLEMATIZANDO GÊNERO E SEXUALIDADE EM INTERLOCUÇÃO COM EDUCADORAS/RES DE UMA ESCOLA CONFESSIONAL-FILANTRÓPICA
Authors: Pocahy Fernando Altair , Dornelles Priscila Gomes
Published: September 2019

Este artigo analisa como determinadas redes discursivas se (re)produzem nos processos educativos diante dos dispositivos da sexualidade e das normas regulatórias de gênero, tomando como foco os discursos da heteronormatividade e sua potência na produção de subjetividades em cotidianos escolares. Para isso, dialogamos  com os Estudos Feministas e queer de modo a privilegiar as produções no campo da Educação em interface com a escola. Como opção metodológica, este estudo analisou primariamente entrevistas realizadas em uma instituição confessional e filantrópica de ensino fundamental e médio, localizada em uma cidade de grande porte no estado do Ceará. Para tratamento deste material, utilizamos a análise de discurso inspirados/as em perspectiva foucaultiana. Esta abordagem teórico-analítica nos permitiu apontar que os/as educadores/ras assumem posições de sujeito localizadas em planos hetero/normativos, bem como disposições menos rígidas em relação a estes discursos. O que nos fez ponderar sobre um arranjo difuso de conjuntos enunciativos materializados em pedagogias de gênero e da sexualidade nestes cotidianos escolares, ao mesmo tempo em que percebemos condutas pedagógicas que funcionavam de modo crítico em relação aos estabelecidos normativos. Estes resultados nos informam algo de uma agonística cotidiana na educação e, neste sentido, revelam movimentos que (re)posicionam professoras e professores diante das tramas da heteronormatividade - seja através das formas de sujeição e das ortopedias pedagógicas, seja no plano da resistência e (re)invenção de (micro)políticas do cotidiano escolar.
A EDUCAÇÃO PRATICADA NO/COM O MAR: O QUE NOS DIZEM GESTOS E NARRATIVAS DOS EDUCADORES DO MUSEU?
Authors: Baldez Boing Maria Clara
Published: September 2019

Essa dissertação se propõe a pensarfazer a educação praticada no/com o Museu de Arte do Rio (MAR) a partir de pistas sugeridas pelos gestos e narrativas dos educadores do museu, além de, por extensão, pensarfazer a formação desses próprios educadores, tecida, permanentemente, em meio a esse processo. Conforme a tendência de pesquisas em educação conhecida como nos/dos/com os cotidianos, a qual essa pesquisa se insere, o trabalho metodológico para a produção de dados requereu um mergulho com todos os sentidos nos cotidianos do museu, compreendendo conversas com seus públicos, produção de fotografias, acompanhamento de visitas e dos processos de formação, entre outros procedimentos, além da problematização das minhas próprias práticas, pois, como educadora do museu, tornei-me também objeto de minha pesquisa. Com a análise do material produzido, a pesquisa entende que os relatórios de visitas produzidos pelos educadores do museu como tarefa das atividades formativas propostas pela instituição constituem uma potência criativa em narrativas, em meio às quais e com as quais são problematizadas, afirmadas, refutadas e inventadas as práticas educativas no/com o MAR, e, assim, os toma como principais intercessores para pensar as redes de conhecimentos engendradas com os cotidianos do museu. Em suma, a instigação dessa pesquisa nos/com os cotidianos do Museu de Arte do Rio são as maneiras de habitar o museu, instituídas pelos gestos e narrativas de seus praticantes, e que podem nos ajudar a pensarpraticar uma educação não somente para a arte, mas para a vida.
A POLÍTICA DE EDUCAÇÃO EM TEMPO INTEGRAL NO ENSINO MÉDIO DO ESTADO DO ACRE: BASES POLÍTICO-IDEOLÓGICAS QUE ORIENTAM O PROGRAMA
Authors: Evangelista Anderson Pereira , Melo Lúcia De Fátima , De Carvalho Mark Clark Assen
Published: September 2019

A polêmica Reforma do Ensino Médio materializada na Lei nº 13.415 de 2017, e gestada no governo de Michel Temer (MDB) desdobra-se em políticas educacionais no contexto dos Estados que compõem a federação. Seus princípios encontram-se enraizados em uma perspectiva de Estado e de sociedade que ao que tudo indica visa atender as exigências econômicas e do mercado, numa concepção de educação utilitarista e mercadológica. Este artigo busca revelar as bases político-ideológicas do Programa de Educação em tempo Integral no Ensino Médio que vem sendo desenvolvido no âmbito da Rede Estadual de Educação do Estado do Acre (Lei nº 3.366 de 2017), na tentativa de compreender como esta política se articula com que está posto na Reforma do Novo Ensino Médio, buscando contribuir com o debate em torno deste complexo objeto que é o Ensino Médio no Brasil. A reflexão não se esgota, mas convida a pensar em uma direção menos ingênua e mais reflexiva.
A FORMAÇÃO INICIAL E CONTINUADA DE EDUCADORES MUSEAIS: PROJETO EM CONSTRUÇÃO
Authors: Costa Andréa Fernandes
Published: September 2019

O entendimento acerca das especificidades da função educativa dos museus passou por importantes transformações, mas pouco se avançou no que diz respeito à formação dos educadores museais. A literatura sobre o tema aponta para o predomínio da formação no desenvolver da própria prática profissional e destaca a pouca presença de instâncias acadêmicas voltadas para a formação dos mesmos. No presente artigo abordaremos discussões acerca do perfil dos educadores museais, das práticas e dos desafios referentes à formação inicial e continuada destes, tanto no cenário nacional quanto no internacional. Fazemos considerações acerca de iniciativa voltada à formação de profissionais nesse campo em nível de pós-graduação, bem como de ações em diferentes formatos desenvolvidas mais recentemente no Rio de Janeiro.
A Night-time Anomaly Detection System of Hog Activities Based on Passive Infrared Detector
Authors: Cai Y. , Ma Li , Liu Gang
Published: September 2019

Abstract. The amount of daily activity can be used as important data for the analysis and evaluation of the health, diseases, and environmental conditions of hog farms, which in turn can affect fertility rate and productivity. In this article, a monitoring system based on a passive infrared detector (PID) is proposed to analyze daily hog activity and abnormal behaviors. The hardware includes a high-accuracy acquisition system, which uses a 24-bit ADS1256 chip as its A/D conversion and signal input channel, and a PID, which ensures that the signal can be obtained uninterruptedly day and night. Based on the LabVIEW software platform, a real-time data acquisition, display, and storage system was programmed in which the activity curve can be displayed, and the system parameters can be modified if necessary. A simulation experiment was performed in a test laboratory (7 × 17 m) with a larger size than a typical hog room (7 × 15 m), and the appropriate orientation of the sensor, the installed position, and the lens were selected. Data for 90 days (day and night) were collected in a hog room to establish the model of daily activity. To find the abnormal behaviors during the night, an improved K-means clustering was constructed. The results indicated that the improved K-means clustering method performed satisfactorily in clustering and anomaly detection. The developed system for daily activities monitoring and night-time anomaly detection could be a potential technique to assist research in hog behavior detection and animal welfare improvement. Keywords: Animal activity, Hog, Motion sensor, PID, Signal processing.
Modeling the Drying of Wheat Seeds in a Fluidized Bed Using a Spatially Resolved Model
Authors: Hemis Mohamed - , Watson Dennis G. , Raghavan Vijaya G. S.
Published: September 2019

Abstract.

A mathematical model for simulating heat and mass transfer during fluidized-bed drying of wheat grains has been developed, combining two transfer steps; a movement of moisture inside the grain and outside the grain. Empirical equations have been used for material properties as well as for transfer processes. The developed model is composed of two models coupled to each other; the distributed parameter model (DPM or Luikov model) and the convective model. The coupled mathematical model was solved numerically by a finite difference method after discretization of equilibrium equations distributed in space. The DPM model made it possible to predict the quantity of water extracted from the grain under the effect of known drying conditions. Results showed that the drying rate of wheat increased when air temperature was increased; and that the rates were higher in the first few minutes of drying, achieving 2.6 × 10-5and 1.7 × 10-5 kg water kg-1[d.b.]·s-1 for temperatures of 66.7°C and 58.6°C, respectively. A comparison of experimental and predicted results gave good agreement, and the use of the distributed model improved the predictive capabilities of wheat grain drying in fluidized beds. Keywords: Canada Western Red Spring, Distributed parameter model, Fluidized-bed dryer, Mathematical modeling, Wheat seeds.
Cropping System Fuel Use for a Diversified Farm in the Midwestern United States
Authors: Tallaksen Joel E , Reese Curtis , Reese Michael H
Published: September 2019

Abstract. A significant effort is currently underway to reduce farming inputs and their associated environmental impacts. These efforts use data-driven research techniques, such as life cycle assessment, which rely on up-to-date and situationally specific information. In cropping systems, tractor fuel use data is an important component for evaluating sustainability. The currently available tractor fuel consumption data may not be particularly accurate for sustainability analysis of cropping activities as it relies on engineering estimates or is more than 30 years old. As part of an on-farm energy use and sustainability project, tractor fuel consumption was monitored for four years on a western Minnesota research farm during the cultivation and harvest of corn, soybeans, oats, and alfalfa. We were interested in how our findings compared with published studies and the magnitude and reasons for potential differences. The results indicate that there was considerable variation in fuel use for the same field operations during the four years of observation at the site studied. The average fuel use in this study also showed some variation with published data. The variation was likely due to previously noted impacts of different soil types, equipment deployed, and tractor operations on fuel consumption. Accurate sustainability metrics are increasingly important as they are beginning to be used for developing regulations and policy for agriculture and agricultural products. The findings suggest that in order to ensure accuracy when analyzing cropping sustainability, fuel use data should be representative of the specific farming systems, equipment, and methods being examined. Keywords: Agricultural sustainability, Agronomy, Cropping systems, Life cycle assessment, Midwestern United States, Tractor fuel.
Design Optimization of the Driving Shaft of a Hammer Feed Grinder Base on the Response Surface Method
Authors: Zhang Yongjie No , Xu Hongmei No
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Taking the driving shaft of a hammer feed grinder rotor system as the research object, the static calculation and modal analysis were carried out by ANSYS Workbench software. The results show that under actual working conditions, the maximum deformation of the driving shaft is 0.437 mm, which occurs at the end of the pulley-mounted shaft section. The maximum stress on the driving shaft is 210.91 MPa, and the stress is mainly concentrated on the shoulder of the left shaft section matched with the bearing. The stress values at most other positions on the driving shaft are below 23.435 MPa. The first-order natural frequency of the driving shaft is 504.98 Hz, and the first six orders of natural frequencies are much higher than the excitation frequency of the hammer feed grinder (58.33 Hz). The driving shaft has small deformation and good dynamic performance, but there is a problem of local stress concentration. Therefore, the response surface method was used to optimize the parameters of the driving shaft. The diameter and length of the pulley-mounted shaft section on the driving shaft were selected as design variables, and the maximum stress value was taken as the optimization target. After the optimization, the diameter and length of the pulley-mounted shaft section are reduced from 30 to 28 mm and from 199 to 170 mm, respectively, and the maximum stress value on the driving shaft is reduced from 210.91 to 174.41 MPa. Finally, static calculation and modal analysis were performed on the driving shaft after the parameter optimization. The results demonstrate that both the strength and stiffness of the driving shaft are sufficient, and it does not cause resonance in the working process, indicating the successful optimization of the driving shaft parameters. Keywords: ANSYS Workbench, Grinder driving shaft, Model analysis, Parameter optimization, Response surface method, Static calculation.
Family display, family type, or community? Limitations in the application of a concept
Authors: Walsh Julie , McNamee Sally , Seymour Julie
Published: September 2019

In this paper we develop the concept of family display by responding to David Morgan’s suggestion that researchers should consider whether ‘family displays’ are used to convey a ‘type’ of Family. We do so by applying the concept to the accounts of migrant family children living in an English city, and those of adults that grew-up in Mennonite communities in Mexico and Canada. Analysis uniquely shows that migrant family children do display a type of ‘Family’, and that this is influenced by familial constructs privileged by intended audiences. We contribute further by arguing that whilst some families do display core values attached to Family ‘types’, this is not the case in the example of the Mennonite community and researchers should be cognisant of applying this concept to all contexts. This is because the priority for display may not be the presentation of legitimate Family, but other features of collective identity.
Comparison of GeneXpert MTB to Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture in children with tuberculosis
Authors: Agustina Betty , Kartasasmita Cissy , Hilmanto Dany
Published: September 2019

Background Diagnosing tuberculosis (TB) in children is difficult. Typical methods take a long time to achieve results, or have a low sensitivity. GeneXpert is a nucleic acid amplification test used to identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria (MTB) in only 2 hours.

Objective To compare the sensitivity and specificity of GeneXpert MTB to MTB culture in children with TB, and to assess factors associated with GeneXpert MTB test in predicting which children were likely to have positive results.

Methods This descriptive, analytical study was done in children with suspected TB, aged 1 month to 18 years in Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, West Java, from January 2016 to December 2017. The data were taken from the medical records and included age, gender, nutritional status, symptoms of TB, chest x-ray, and tuberculin test results. The GeneXpert MTB test was compared to cultures from the same patient, with regards to sensitivity, specificity, and agreement using Kappa index. We analyzed factors associated to GeneXpert MTB test using logistic regression analysis.

Results From 454 inpatients and 1,750 outpatients with suspected TB, there were 251 children who were tested by MTB culture and 722 children tested by GeneXpert MTB. Of the 70 cases who met the inclusion criteria and underwent both tests, factors associated with positive GeneXpert MTB results were age 10 to 18 years, female gender, and positive tuberculin skin test (TST). The GeneXpert MTB test showed sensitivity 78.9% (95%CI 56.7 to 91.5) and specificity 86.3% (95%CI 74.3 to 93.2), with accuracy of 84.3% (95%CI 74 to 91), and agreement value of ƙ=0.62 (95%CI 41.6 to 82.7).

Conclusion Specificity of GeneXpert MTB is higher than its sensitivity compared to TB cultures in children. The tests were in good agreement. Age 10 to 18 years had the strongest association with positive GeneXpert MTB results.
P: 12 PROFIT: PROspective, Randomised Placebo-controlled Feasibility Trial of Faecal Microbiota Transplantation in Cirrhosis Interim Analysis
Authors: Woodhouse Charlotte , Kronsten Victoria , Zamalloa Ane , Hatton Grace , Patel Vishal C. , Goldenberg Simon , Shawcross Debbie L.
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND:

Patients with cirrhosis have intestinal dysbiosis and small bowel bacterial overgrowth, with enhanced gut permeability, allowing translocation of pathogen-associated molecules and viable bacteria into the systemic circulation. Faecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) seeks to replace the dysbiotic flora with healthy microbes, to reduce systemic inflammation and improve transplant-free outcomes. PROFIT is a single-blinded randomised placebo-controlled trial of FMT in 32 patients with advanced stable cirrhosis. The primary outcome of the study was to assess the safety and feasibility of a single naso-jejunally administered FMT or placebo (3:1 allocation) in patients with a MELD score between 10 and 16.

METHODS:

To date eighteen patients have been treated (FMT n = 13; placebo n = 5). 71% of those treated were male [mean age 54.4 years (range 38–75) and mean MELD 12.88 (range 10–16)]. Patients continued lactulose, but were required to discontinue all antibiotics, including rifaximin, two weeks prior to treatment. Following bowel preparation with Moviprep®, 200 mL FMT/placebo was delivered via naso-jejunal tube in to the proximal jejunum at gastroscopy. Patients were assessed for adverse events and underwent clinical review at day 7, 30 and 90 with biobanking of stool, saliva, urine, whole blood and plasma for quantitative metagenomics, metabonomics, bacterial DNA quantification, bile acids, whole blood culture in response to endotoxin and plasma cytokines and leucocyte function testing at a later date.

RESULTS:

The FMT has been well tolerated and the five serious adverse events (SAEs) reported requiring hospital admission (placebo n = 1; FMT n = 4) were not treatment-related. Biochemistry, leucocyte count and MELD score did not change. Mean venous ammonia reduced at day 30 in the FMT cohort [71.67 μmol/L (95% CI 54.43–88.9) day 0 versus 51.22 μmol/L (CI 35.18–67.26) day 30] whereas it increased in the placebo group [54.4 μmol/L (95% CI 38.17–70.63) day 0 versus 73.25 μmol/L (95% CI 22.54–124) at day 30]. Figure 1 shows a reduction in delta ammonia at day 7 [mean −1.15 (−16.23 to 13.73 95% CI)] versus day 30 [−15.11 (−2.82 to −27.4) post FMT.

CONCLUSIONS:

The interim analysis shows that nasojejunally administered FMT appears safe and well tolerated in patients with advanced cirrhosis and reduces venous ammonia at day 30.
P: 15 Functional MRI: Evidence of a Treatment Effect of LOLA
Authors: Pasha Yasmin , Atzori Sebastiana , Fitzpatrick Julie A. , Cook Nicola A. , Schembri Adrian , Leech Robert , Mcphail Mark J. W.
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND:

Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is associated with structural and functional connectivity abnormalities in the brain which correlate with cognitive dysfunction. The default mode network (DMN) comprises functionally interconnected brain regions responsible for attention and may explain cognitive deficits in MHE. While L-ornithine L-aspartate (LOLA) may improve MHE, its mechanism of action is not well characterised in controlled studies.

METHODS:

We performed a double-blind, randomised trial comparing the impact of oral L-ornithine L-aspartate (LOLA) 6g three times per day with placebo on 34 individuals with MHE (defined by PHES) for 12 weeks. Fourteen subjects received LOLA, 20 patients received placebo for the study duration. Subjects underwent functional MRI (fMRI) of the brain while performing motor and cognitive tasks and resting state studies at baseline (before starting on LOLA) or placebo, and at 12 weeks. The motor and cognitive task data in the LOLA arm (vs placebo) were analysed by comparing the sum total of fMRI activation at baseline with data collected at 12 weeks. For resting state data, the level of functional connectivity within a network was compared between baseline and 12 weeks for LOLA against placebo.

Results:

Groups were matched for age, sex, baseline educational level, weekly alcohol consumption, baseline PHES score, CogstateTM computerised psychometric testing, WTAR and SF36 scores. Color-naming subtest of the Stroop task was significantly impaired at baseline in LOLA receivers (P = 0.0179) For group averaged whole-brain data, there was no significant difference in activation for both motor and cognitive tasks or in resting state in all 34 patients at baseline and 12 weeks. Group differences by region of interest (see Table 1 below): the choice reaction time task in the default mode network (DMN) demonstrated significant treatment (P = 0.026) advantage after 12 weeks of LOLA. Of the 12 resting state networks studied, visual area 2 showed a significant treatment (P = 0.021) benefit after 12 weeks of LOLA.

Conclusion:

In the first RCT of LOLA combined with modern brain imaging analysis, a significant treatment benefit with LOLA on task activation was noted in the DMN. A significant treatment advantage of LOLA on resting-state fMRI in the visual network is consistent with this, this may be a compensatory mechanism in early MHE. Future studies could stratify patients who may benefit from LOLA based on base-line fMRI characterisation.
P: 18 Impaired Cerebral Oxygenation, but Preserved Cerebrovascular reactivity, in an Animal Model of Hepatic Encephalopathy
Authors: Hadjihambi Anna , Hosford Patrick S. , Habtetion Abeba , Davies Nathan , Gourine Alexander V. , Jalan Rajiv
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND:

We have recently obtained evidence of energy deficiency, in the form of impaired lactate release, in the brains of cirrhotic animals with hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Previous reports of cerebral hypoperfusion in patients with HE indicated that cerebral oxygen supply could also be compromised (Dam et al., 2013). Decreased lactate and reduced oxygen supply may lead to CNS energy deficiency and have important neurological consequences, particularly in patients with advanced cirrhosis. In this study we assessed cerebral tissue oxygen tension and CO2 cerebrovascular reactivity in an animal model of HE.

METHODS:

HE was induced by bile duct ligation (BDL) and after 4 weeks rats were anesthetized with α-chloralose (100 mg·kg−1), instrumented for arterial blood pressure recording and artificially ventilated. 7 BDL and 6 sham-operated animals were treated daily for one week with an ammonia lowering treatment, ornithine phenylacetate (OP) in order to investigate the role of ammonia on brain oxygenation. Blood gas tensions and pH were maintained within physiological ranges in all animal groups. Cerebral tissue PO2 was monitored by fluorescence method (Oxylite™). After a small craniotomy, optical sensors were placed in the somatosensory cortex and sealed. PO2 at baseline and in response to systemic hypercapnia (10% CO2, 5 min) was recorded.

RESULTS:

BDL resulted in high plasma ammonia concentrations which was lowered with OP treatment. At similar levels of blood PO2 and PCO2, BDL rats had a significantly lower brain PO2 (15.3 ± 2 mm Hg; n = 10) compared to sham controls (26 ± 2 mm Hg; n = 6; P = 0.001). BDL rats treated with OP showed a significant improvement in cerebral PO2 (22 ± 1 mm Hg, n = 6, P = 1), increasing the oxygen tension to levels similar to that recorded in OP treated sham rats (27 ± 2 mm Hg, n = 7), when blood PO2 and PCO2 were constant. Systemic hypercapnia resulted in similar increases in cerebral PO2 in BDL and sham-operated animals (ΔPO2 21 ± 2 vs. 24 ± 2 mm Hg; P = 0.6). Additionally, under anaesthesia, the mean systemic arterial blood pressure was found to be significantly lower in BDL animals (60 ± 3 vs. 84 ± 8 mm Hg; P = 0.04). Cerebral oxygenation did not recover when the blood pressure was normalised via infusion of phenylephrine, but it significantly improved with infusion of acetazolamide which increases cerebral blood flow.

CONCLUSIONS:

In the BDL model of HE, cerebral tissue oxygen tension is compromised but cerebrovascular reactivity to CO2 appears to be preserved. The cause of the low basal PO2 remains unknown however; high ammonia concentrations and hypoperfusion could be contributing factors.