bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sistema epidemiológico de registro de tumores de hipofisis en el Centro Médico Docente La Trinidad
Authors: Orozco José , Natera Jhoskar , Camperos Paul
Published: October 2022

Los tumores de hipófisis representan la forma más frecuente de tumor intracraneal en 14.7% de los casos. Al igual que en otros órganos, la proliferación excesiva y descontrolada de los son de un origen monoclonal, de predominio benigno y de crecimiento lento, pero que pueden llegar a tener significativa morbilidad y hasta mortalidad prematura. Existe entonces una problemática que gira en torno a esta patología, donde los tumores de hipófisis y los trastornos neuroendocrinos asociados pueden representar un reto significativo, debido a lo complejo del abordaje diagnóstico y al manejo terapéutico en un tiempo oportuno, por ende, resulta importante implementar herramientas que permitan registrar el comportamiento de éstos pacientes para mejorar las estrategias de abordaje. Con el objetivo de caracterizar esta entidad, se realiza un registro epidemiológico de los Tumores de Hipófisis del Servicio de Endocrinología del Centro Médico Docente La Trinidad 2017-2020; siendo así, se estructuro un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo de los pacientes con diagnóstico de tumores de hipófisis que acudieron al centro. La población total fue de 109 pacientes, dentro de los cuales se establecieron diferencias entre los distintos tipos de tumores, encontrando la siguiente distribución: no funcionantes 51%, prolactinomas 27 %, enfermedad de Cushing 11%, cromegalia 10% 2 y craneofaringioma 1%; resultados que difieren de otros autores en cuanto a frecuencia y grupos etarios involucrados, pero con características clínicas similares. Se resalta entonces la importancia de los sistemas de registro de tumores hipofisario, que representan un recurso clínico novedoso, que permiten el análisis de los datos extraídos de las historias médicas a fin de crear estrategias institucionales que peritan optimizar el abordaje diagnóstico y terapéutico, basados en las exigencias individuales de estos pacientes.
Confiabilidad del ganglio centinela en carcinoma de células escamosas de cavidad oral T1 / T2 N0.
Authors: Mijares Briñez Alirio José , Suárez Carmen María , Franco Yamarte Alexandra
Published: October 2022

El cáncer de cabeza y cuello corresponde al 3% de los cánceres en general, es el sexto más común mundialmente, afectando con más frecuencia la cavidad oral (30%). El tipo histológico más frecuente es el carcinoma de células escamosas (90%). El tamaño tumoral y la profundidad de invasión están asociados al pronóstico, los clasificados T3-T4 tienen hasta 70% de metástasis ganglionares. El concepto de ganglio centinela, ha sido aceptado en el tratamiento del cáncer oral en estadio precoz. Objetivo: Evaluar la confiabilidad del ganglio centinela en carcinoma de células escamosas de cavidad oral T1 / T2 N0. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemáticaensayos clínicos aleatorizados de pacientes con carcinoma de células escamosas de cavidad oral con cuellos negativos a los que se les realizó técnica de ganglio centinela o disección cervical (periodo enero 2000 hasta junio 2021). Resultados: Los artículos evaluados fueron 6, ensayos clínicos que realizaron inyección peritumoral preoperatoria de radiocoloide de tecnecio y linfogammagrafía, seguida de ganglio centinela con sonda gamma intraoperatoria. La tasa de supervivencia libre de enfermedad estuvo entre el 89%-91% y la tasa global de recurrencia local fue del 18%-24% en los pacientes con ganglio centinela positivo. La sensibilidad del ganglio centinela se encuentra en el 93% y el valor predictivo negativo en un 97%. Conclusiones: El ganglio centinela resulta una herramienta útil y confiable para su uso en pacientes con carcinoma de células escamosas de cavidad oral T1/T2N0. La mayoría de los pacientes con resultados positivos en las biopsias por ganglio centinela tienen ganglios positivos adicionales en la disección del cuello. Los individuos con resultados negativos en biopsia por ganglio centinela parecen tener una mejor supervivencia general y específica de la enfermedad.
Unique Security Challenges of Iot Devices and Spectrum of Security Considerations
Authors: Thoutam Vivek
Published: October 2022

Besides prospective security layout lacks, the sizable rise in the amount in addition to characteristics of IoT resources could bring up the possibilities of the strike. When paired in addition to the highly connected quality of IoT devices, every improperly safeguarded device that is hooked up online likely affects the security and likewise durability of the Internet around the world, not just in your area. As an example, a prone refrigerator or even television in the USA that is tainted along with malware could send bunches of harmful spam e-mails to receivers globally utilizing the proprietor's house Wi- Fi Internet web link.
An Overview on the Reference Model and Stages of Iot Architecture
Authors: houtam Vivek T
Published: October 2022

Like any type of sort of figurative depiction, this plant conducts undoubtedly does not claim to end up being regular in its representation; it just because of that not be converted also stringently. On the one palm, the sources of this particular tree are expanding around an opted for a selection of interaction procedures (6LoWPAN, Zigbee, IPv6, ...) along with device technologies (sensing units, actuators, tags,.) while nevertheless the blooms/ leaves of the plant express the whole assortment of IoT applications that might be developed originating from the drainpipe (i.e., records as well as pertinent info) coming from the origins. This paper gives an an overview on the reference model and stages of iot architecture.
Role of Technology for Equality, Diversity and Inclusivity
Authors: Kaur Dr.Navdeep , Kaur Mrs.Maninderpal
Published: October 2022

In this 21st century, technology has brought revolutionary change in global realm, specifically in information society, which influenced all the different fields of human society. To compete in world economy, nations cannot think of their development without the integration of technology (such as information and communication technology) in their educational systems (United Nations, 2005). Information and communication technology (ICT) is proved very useful to attain educational objectives in inclusive setting, where all children are taught in common classroom regardless of their socio-economic, cultural, religious, regional, caste and creed backgrounds. The task of providing qualitative and accessible education to differently abled children has become a shared responsibility for all stakeholders (Ahmad,2015;Praisner,2003); which demands a change in attitude, the presence and accessibility of infrastructure facilities, different methods and strategies of teaching and learning, varied tools and techniques for assessment and evaluation, and the solution of issue of acceptance and accommodation of all learners at all levels in education system(Ahmad,2014;2015b;Stainback & Stainback,1984). Assistive devices and assistive equipments of Information and communication technology facilitate children with varied impairments in inclusive setting. Researches proved that information and communication technology has played a crucial role to bring equality among all learners in the inclusive classrooms, however the efficiency in educational process can be achieved only through the involvement of stakeholders of education and with the efforts of different countries ( in terms of finance disbursement and provision of infrastructure facilities).
Application of Technologies to Instruction in Nigeria’s Tertiary Education System: Panacea In The Midst Of National Challenges
Authors: Ajelabi Peter Ayoola , Ajelabi Adebimpe Adenike
Published: October 2022

The nation is currently witnessing lots of challenges, which has negatively impacted the entire society. These challenges are so enormous that the political, social, economic, religious, health and educational sectors are adversely affected. This paper examines in detail these challenges, especially as it affects the tertiary education sector in particular and education in general. The tertiary education sector is in disarray, and there is a need to find solutions towards addressing this menace. This paper posits the application of technologies to education as one of the solutions to ensure that instruction is not really affected, despite the national crisis. The paper examines the current state of the use of technologies in public tertiary institutions. It further highlights how we can effectively integrate technologies to instruction in the midst of the national crisis. Challenges to achieve this were highlighted. Lastly, suggestions were given on how to achieve this.
Controlling and Scheduling of Homely Devices by Minimizing Power and Traffic Using IOT with Google Assistant
Authors: Shavali V. , fathima S.Anees fathima , Reshma T.
Published: October 2022

Different electrical devices can be automatically controlled by moving into ON and OFF state by programming the devices using google assistant and IOT. This work reduces the power consumption and no human interaction of electrical devices Auto process is achieved with the help of Internet of things and hardware circuit of Node Micro controller unit. Hardware circuits are interfaced by using different interfacing devices. Transmission modes that are implemented communicate user control of devices through the Node MCU to the actual appliance the main control system implements wireless technology to allow remote access from Smart Phone. We use cloud server based communication which would increase the practicality of the project by giving the user full access to the appliances regardless of distance factor. We have deployed a data transmission network to create more automation. The designed system is portable and is suitable for all Homely and Industrial applications and find importance for senior citizens and Power minimizing applications.
Framework and Challenges of Cyber Security in India: An Analytical Study
Authors: Panneerselvam A.
Published: October 2022

Cyber security threats come in a wide variety of forms, including ransomware, phishing, malware attacks, and many others. India is currently ranked 11th in the world in terms of the number of local cyberattacks and it has already experienced 2,399,692 of these incidents in the first three months of 2020. Because cyber security is a topic that is growing more and more essential, businesses are undoubtedly well aware of the hazards and threats that hackers offer to their corporation. However cybersecurity would continue to be a difficult issue for three reasons: It goes beyond a simple technological issue. Cyberspace operates under a distinct set of regulations than the real world. Law, policy, and practise in the area of cybersecurity are still in their infancy. Every firm requires a security analyst to ensure that their system is secure given the rise in cyber-attacks. These security analysts must secure private company servers; protect the confidential data of governmental organisations, and other cybersecurity-related difficulties. Research indicates that there is a significant need in India for qualified cybersecurity specialists and that this demand will continue to rise in the near future. Employers anticipate a scarcity of qualified cybersecurity specialists. The goal of the study is to analyse and explain India's cyber security framework and difficulties. The study used a combination of descriptive and analytical method to draw a result. The Thematic software tool QADMAX also used in the study to analyse the qualitative data for secondary sources
Boosting the Power Conversion efficiency of CsPb0.75Sn0.25IBr2 Alloy-based Perovskite Solar Cell with Charge Transport Layer Mg:SnO2: A Theoretical Study
Authors: Chauhan Asha , Shrivastav A K , Oudhia Anjali
Published: October 2022

The perovskite-based photovoltaic cells are the best way to convert photon radiation into electrical energy. The fundamental focus of this work is to stimulate and boost the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of an alloy-based CsPb0.75Sn0.25IBr2 perovskite solar cell. The simulation was run on SCAPS-1D cell simulator software (ver. 3.3.09). In this current work, a perovskite CsPb0.75Sn0.25IBr2 with the suitable composition of ions coupled with Tin-based electron transport layers (ETLs)-SnO2 and Mg:SnO2. The thickness and defect density of absorber layer-CsPb0.75Sn0.25IBr2 has been optimized. The impact of the thickness variation of ETL-SnO2 and Mg:SnO2 on device performances was also studied. The effect of working temperature, rate of charge carrier generation, and recombination on photovoltaic outputs like open-circuit voltage (Voc), short-circuit current (Jsc), fill factor (FF), and PCE has been studied and analyzed. The simulated cell achieved an efficiency of 13.82% under optimum conditions. The optimized efficiency was comparatively higher than the experimental efficiency of 11.85%. This study demonstrates the role of optimization of various properties of different layers of solar cells.
Switching Sequence Control 31-Level Asymmetric Cascaded of Reduced Switch Count Multilevel Inverter with Multi Carrier Pulse Width Modulation
Authors: Renukadevi S.
Published: October 2022

Various pulse width modulation techniques, including as cascaded multilevel inverters (MLI), diode clamped multilevel inverters, and flying capacitor multilevel inverters, can be used to simply operate common inverters. Due to increased switching losses, current MLIs cannot reach high efficiency. Due to lower losses and THD than standard MLI topologies, the asymmetric cascaded multi-level H-bridge inverter architecture examined in this white paper employs fewer switches and more output voltage levels (Total Harmonic Distortion). The THD is less than the IEEE standard because of the suggested architecture. In this instance, phase difference (PD) multi-carrier PWM techniques are used to control the gate pulses using sinusoidal reference. Each switch receives a different pulse pattern thanks to a method of decimal-to-binary conversion. It is possible to utilise the suggested circuit for applications requiring moderate to high power, and it is quite simple to evaluate. Utilize the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment to simulate time-domain behaviour for the 31-level and 33-level multilevel inverter topologies.
Erfrechtelijke verkrijgingen en box 3 ‘nieuwe stijl’
Authors: van der Weerd-van Joolingen H.F.
Published: October 2022

Erfrechtelijke verkrijgingen en box 3 ‘nieuwe stijl’

In deze bijdrage buigt auteur zich over de vraag hoe krachtens erfrecht verkregen geldvorderingen en bloot eigendom vanaf 2026 (ingevolge de zogenaamde ‘contourennota’) zullen worden belast in box 3. Blijft de huidige defiscaliseringsregeling van kracht, en hoe pakt de heffing uit als die regeling niet van toepassing is? Auteur komt tot de conclusie dat een vermogensaanwasbelasting zich niet optimaal verhoudt tot een vruchtgebruik-/bloot-eigendomsituatie en geeft de voorkeur aan een vermogenswinstbelasting. Daarmee worden liquiditeitsproblemen beperkt.
Restitution and return of cultural property between negotiation and restorative justice: time to bridge the river
Authors: Visconti Arianna
Published: October 2022

Restitution and return of cultural property between negotiation and restorative justice: time to bridge the river

There is a need for dialogue between two perspectives – the negotiated settlement of legal disputes and the use of restorative justice programmes in post-conflict situations – with respect to the recovery of cultural objects displaced in times of war and/or colonial occupation. Although the application of such perspectives led to the recovery of disputed cultural objects, this has mostly been achieved unwittingly. However, the resolution of restitution claims would benefit from a conscious exchange between experts and practitioners of the two approaches. We will summarise cultural property displacement in its practical complexities, briefly discussing problems related to both ‘historical’ depredations and the current trafficking in cultural objects, with a focus on the current trend towards increased use of criminal law. However, this is a tool that is mostly ineffective in providing a solution for the most heartfelt questions arising from breaking an object’s links to its cultural roots. After carrying out an overview of international conventions currently addressing these issues, discussing why these legal instruments oft cannot actually heal the wounds caused by depredations of cultural property, we will illustrate the need for an approach more focused on the ‘human’ meaning of questions of restitution of objects that are so much more than ‘things’.
The impact of liquidity on the capital structure of construction companies
Authors: Laili Rizki Nurul , Dalimunthe Sholatia
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of liquidity on the capital structure of construction sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Data was collected using secondary data and library research. The population used in this study comprised all construction sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2013–2020. In determining the sample, this research applied the purposive sampling method. This study used a sample of 10 construction sub-sector companies and managed and analyzed a total of 80 observational data using E-views software. The results indicate that liquidity has no significant effect on capital structure as measured by LTDAR. However, liquidity had a significant negative effect on capital structure as measured using DAR, DER, STDAR, LTDER, and STDER. The results support the pecking order theory, which states that liquidity and capital structure have a negative relationship.
Islamic spirituality stress coping mechanisms: some empirical evidences
Authors: Zin Razali Mat
Published: October 2022

The study aims to assess the religious stress coping mechanisms used by selected Muslim students majoring in Bachelor of Business Management (BBM) undergraduate studies at Universiti Islam Sultan Sharif Ali (UNISSA). Data were collected through interview and thematic analysis procedures were utilized for data analysis. The findings showed that majority of the respondents experienced severe level of stress. Some managerial and future research were recommended.
Suriyeli Sığınmacıların Uyum Süreci: Ankara ve Kırıkkale Kentlerinde Bir Araştırma
Authors: AYAN Merve , YAYLI Hasan
Published: October 2022

Bu çalışmada, Suriyeli sığınmacıların kente uyum süreçleri Ankara ve Kırıkkale kentlerinde ele alınmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada Suriyeli sığınmacıların uyum durumları, sosyo-demografik, sosyo-ekonomik ve sosyo-kültürel özellikleri üzerinden analiz edilerek yorumlanmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini Ankara’da ve Kırıkkale’de yaşayan Suriyeli sığınmacılar oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmamız uyum sürecini Suriyelilerin gözünden anlamaya çalışmaya ve analiz etmeye dayanmaktadır. Araştırma sonucuna göre Suriyeli sığınmacıların entegrasyon sürecinde yeterli düzeye ulaşılamadığı gözlemlenmiştir. Toplumsal kabul ve uyumu engelleyen birçok faktör bulunmasına rağmen, bu sürecin kolaylaştırılmasını sağlayan da birçok faktörün olduğu görülmektedir.
Daphnetin alleviates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by suppressing Th1 and Th17 cells and upregulating Th2 and regulatory T cells
Authors: Soltanmohammadi Azita , Tavaf Maryam , Zargarani Simin , Yazdanpanah Esmaeil , Sadighi‑Moghaddam Bizhan , Yousefi Bahman , Sameni Hamid , Haghmorad Dariush
Published: October 2022

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most typical chronic inflammatory, autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) which leads to physical dysfunction and paralysis in patients. A commonly used animal model for this disease is experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Daphnetin (7,8‑dihydroxycoumarin) has been reported to exert various pharmacological activities, such as being neuroprotective and anti‑inflammatory, together with having antioxidant, anticancer, and antiviral properties. Eight‑week‑old C57BL/6 female mice were segregated into 3 groups, namely 1) a control group receiving PBS, 2) a low‑dose treatment group receiving 2 mg/kg of daphnetin, and, 3) a high‑dose treatment group receiving 8 mg/kg of daphnetin. EAE was induced with a subcutaneous injection of a combination of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) and complete Freund’s adjuvant. On the day of induction, and again two days later, mice were injected intraperitoneally with pertussis toxin. Histological studies showed low
lymphocyte infiltration and demyelination in the high and low dose treated groups. The ratio of spleen Treg cells and the levels of IL‑4, IL‑10, TGF‑β, and IL‑33 enhanced significantly in the treatment group related to the control group. Furthermore, both IL‑27 and IL‑35 were also enhanced significantly in the treatment group compared to the control group. Moreover, the levels of IFN‑γ, TNF‑α, and IL‑17 displayed a noticeable reduction in the daphnetin treated group. Daphnetin appears to improve the disease by increasing the expression of anti‑inflammatory cytokines and transcription factors (IL‑4, IL‑10, IL‑33, GATA3, TGF‑β, FoxP3), and reducing the production of pro‑inflammatory cytokines and transcription factors (IFN‑γ, STAT4, T‑bet, IL‑17, STAT3, ROR‑γt, TNF‑α).
Penyelesaian Konflik Tanah Hak Ulayat Dari Kelompok Masyarakat Di Kawasan Perbatasan Antar Negara Nusa Tenggara Timur
Authors: Sulistyono Djoko
Published: October 2022

Permasalahan tanah  hak ulayat,  bukan hanya terjadi  di Pulau Timor, akan tetapi terjadi juga di Papua dan Kalimantan. Belum adanya status kepemilikan hak atas tanah/ hak atas tanah ulayat di perbatasan antar negara terutama di Pulau Timor. Konstitusi  Republik Indonesia (RI) mengakui adanya tanah hak  ulayat, sedangkan Konstitusi Republik Demokratik Timor Leste  (RDTL) tidak mengakui. Hal ini kemudian  menjadi masalah, dan terkadang terus mengemuka jika terjadi provokasi. Pendekatan yang menggunakan kearifan lokal bila  dipakai bisa mengeliminir  konflik horizontal.  Kesepakatan soal batas, termasuk permasalahan tanah hak ulayat dapat diselesaikan dengan merangkul tokoh adat, tokoh agama, tokoh masyarakat di kawasan  yang berbatasan langsung. Pendekatan kearifan lokal seperti ini menjadi  pola pendekatan yang mengedepankan peran dari  tokoh-tokoh setempat. Pengelolaan perbatasan haruslah  memperhatikan dan menuntut  kepekaan rasa memiliki masyarakat, yang telah dipisahkan secara tegas oleh garis politis maupun geografis di perbatasan antar negara. Akibat lebih jauh, kemudian terjadinya konflik  yang melibatkan masyarakat Timor Indonesia dengan masyarakat Timor Leste, utamanya  konflik atas tanah hak ulayat di daerah batas  dua negara. Pendekatan sosial-budaya yang kadang  terpinggirkan harus mulai dilakukan oleh Pemerintah.  Adanya potensi kearifan lokal harus dikedepankan seiring dengan pendekatan  konvensi dan hukum internasional. Beberapa segmen wilayah yang bermasalah termasuk klaim tanah  hak ulayat antara warga RI -RDTL, harus dilakukan secara  serius di meja perundingan guna mempertemukan kedua pihak yang berseteru.
Compassion as a Powerful Intervention: How the interactions between women, midwives and maternity services influence women’s childbirth experiences and subsequent trauma
Authors: Patterson Jenny , Ménage Diane
Published: October 2022

This article combines work from two separate PhD research studies by Dr Jenny Patterson and Dr Diane Ménage. These studies explored, from different perspectives, how the nature of interactions between midwives and women may contribute to, or prevent, trauma. The findings are presented and discussed. Jenny and Diane argue that their joint findings add new insights and show that the compassion shown during interactions between midwives and women may be key to preventing experiences becoming traumatic for women and midwives. They uphold compassion as a vital human connection in midwifery care and the workplace culture as key to sustaining it.
Report on the Midwifery Workforce in the MOH, Saudi Arabia, for 2019
Authors: Altaweli Roa , Shaban Insaf , Paine Patti
Published: October 2022

This report presents the findings of a quantitative midwifery workforce study in the Ministry of Health (MOH) in Saudi Arabia in 2019. The aim of this report is to present the current midwifery workforce and recommend an adequate number of midwives required in maternity services based on a midwife-to-birth ratio. The midwifery workforce information in this report highlights a number of concerns related to the shortage of midwives and the lack of midwifery educational programmes within Saudi Arabia. It is difficult to form a national picture with the current published data because of a lack of relevant information.
Employees’ Responses to Customer Mistreatment – Evidence from the Hospitality Industry in Poland
Authors: Bednarska Marlena A. , Łuka Paweł
Published: October 2022

Purpose. The purpose of the paper is twofold: to examine the frequency at which dysfunctional behaviours of customers and employees occur, and to investigate the linkage between customer mistreatment and service sabotage in hospitality organisations.

Method. The study is based on data collected through administration of an online questionnaire from 153 food service employees in Poland. To achieve the posed objectives, descriptive statistics, repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and hierarchical multiple regression analysis were employed.

Findings. In the research, it was discovered that at food service establishments, dysfunctional behaviours are more often directed towards employees than customers and work-related customer mistreatment is more common than that person-related. Moreover, both forms of mistreatment by customers contribute to service sabotage.

Research and conclusions limitations. The data collection involved the non-random sampling technique and the sample size was relatively small. Consequently, generalisation of the findings beyond the specific context of this research is restricted.

Practical implications. The identified relationships allow to emphasise the importance of actions to be taken by employers to neutralise the negative effects of dysfunctional customer behaviours on employee behaviours.

Originality. The present research contributes to the ongoing debate on the behavioural responses of employees to customer mistreatment in hospitality settings.

Type of paper. Research article.
Active Sport Tourism Motives of People Visiting PTTK Mountain Hostels
Authors: Placek Oskar , Tomik Rajmund
Published: October 2022

Purpose. Defining the main motives for doing active sport tourism by people visiting PTTK (in Polish: Polish Tourism and Sightseeing Organization) mountains hostels and assessing their gender diversity.

Method. A diagnostics survey method was used with the use of a questionnaire form. The sample was 354 people visiting PTTK mountains shelters in Poland in 2018. Applied statistical methods and techniques: analysis of variance (ANOVA), Cronbach’s alphareliability factor.

Findings. The research showed that the highest value was achieved by the emotional motivational disposition amongWiniarski’s motivational dispositions and the “Seeking personal benefits” category among the Iso-Aholi motivational categories. The only disposition that statistically significantly differentiated in terms of gender was the ambition disposition. Among the motivational categories, no statistically significant differentiation by gender was noticed.

Research and conclusions limitations. The research concerned only tourists visiting selected mountains hostels in the Beskid Żywiecki area. The examined sample (354) does not meet the requirements of representativeness for the Polish population.

Practical implications. Knowing the motives for active sport tourism in mountains areas is useful for entities providing services for these tourists, which translates into products and services better suited to these tourists.

Originality. The study includes both the results of the Iso-Ahola motivational categories and Winiarski’s motivational dispositions. The respondents are people visiting mountains hostels, which are rarely the subject of scientific research.

Type of paper. Anarticle presenting the results of empirical research.
Moisture sensitivity alteration of soil organic carbon and nitrogen mineralization in Vertisol
Authors: SARKAR ABHIJIT , BISWAS ASHIS KUMAR , GHOSH AVIJIT , JHA PRAMOD , DAS MADHUMITA , PATRA ASHOK KUMAR , ROY TRISHA , SAHA MADHUMONTI , PATRA ASHOK KUMAR , ROY TRISHA , SAHA MADHUMONTI , BISWAS SIDDHARTHA SANKAR , BISWAS DIPAK RANJAN
Published: October 2022

Uneven distribution and intensity of rainfall in subtropical semi-arid Vertisol creates different hydro-climaticcondition due to its mineralogy and expansive type of clays. Indeed, information on impact of moisture levels onsoil C- and N-mineralization in presence of residue and recommended fertilization is scarce. Thus, this incubationexperiment was conducted at ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal during 2018â€“19 with four moisture, twofertilizer, and two residue levels to evaluate the effects of fertilization and residue incorporation on moisture sensitivityof soil C- and N-mineralization. Application of fertilizer induced positive priming effect for CO2-C and increased by~ 28%. Residue- and fertilizer Ã— residue accelerated the Ccum by ~108 and 125%, respectively. Residue applicationcaused initial N-immobilization. A significant interaction was observed among fertilizer, residue and moisture contentfor both C- and N-mineralization. C-mineralization was amplified with increase in soil moisture content from 24to 40% moisture levels, but decreased at 48% moisture level. Irrespective of fertilization moisture sensitivity of Cand N mineralization was reduced by residue incorporation. But, fertilization led to highest moisture sensitivity ofN-mineralization. Thus, residue incorporation could be recommended as obligatory practice in sub-tropical Vertisolto decrease its moisture sensitivity and to maintain positive C balance and soil health.
System productivity and economics as influenced by cropping system and nutrient management
Authors: MEENA S L , BANA R S , SEPAT SEEMA , DASS ANCHAL
Published: October 2022

A field experiment was conducted during kharif, rabi and summer 2013-16 at ICAR-IARI, New Delhi to study the effect of cropping systems and nutrient management on productivity of different crops and cropping systems, the impact of nutrient management on nutrient uptake in different crops and cropping systems and to evaluate economics of different cropping systems. Experiments were conducted in split-plot design replicated thrice. The treatments were comprised five cropping systems, i.e. pearl millet-wheat, pearl millet-mustard-cowpea, pearl millet-wheat-bottle gourd, clusterbean-mustard-cowpea, and clusterbean-wheat-bottle gourd and four nutrient management, i.e. control, RDN (recommended dose of nitrogen), 50% RDN + 50% N through FYM, and 50% RDN + 50% N through FYM + biofertilizers. All the recommended practices except treatment were adopted. The soil test value based nutrient application was done. Results revealed that maximum pearl millet equivalent yield (13.8 t/ha), production efficiency (37.8 kg/ha/day), rainfall-use efficiency (4.34 kg/ha-mm), net returns (â‚¹89198) and benefit cost ratio (2.55) were found under the cropping system of pearl millet-mustard-cowpea. Total nitrogen uptake was obtained more under pearl millet-wheat-bottle gourd. The nutrient management practice of RDN gave higher pearl millet equivalent yield (13.5 t/ha), production efficiency (37 kg/ha/day), rainfall-use efficiency (4.25 kg/ha-mm), total N uptake (120.2 kg/ ha) and net returns (â‚¹ 80243) but statistically at par with 50% RDN + 50% N-FYM + BF. The highest benefit cost ratio was recorded in 50% RDN + 50% N-FYM + BF (2.07). It is concluded that the cropping system of pearl milletmustard- cowpea with nutrient management practice of 50% RDN + 50% N-FYM + BF produced significantly higher yields and income.
Effect of grass-based cropping systems on carbon sequestration under changing climate scenario
Authors: KUMHAR B L , AGRAWAL K K , RAI H K , AHIRWAL A , MEENA H P , YADAV RAJENDRA KUMAR , YADAV B D
Published: October 2022

The present investigation was conducted during two consecutive years of 2018-19 and 2019-20 entitled "Effect of grass-based cropping systems on soil health improvement in terms of carbon sequestration under changing climate scenario". Pearl millet napier hybrid sole crop was exhibited significantly higher total dry biomass 52.20 t/ha, above ground carbon 18.45 Mg/ha, below ground carbon 5.54 Mg/ha, total above and below ground carbon 23.99 Mg/ ha, above ground CO2 sequestration 67.71 Mg/ha, below ground CO2 sequestration 20.32 Mg/ha and total above and below ground CO2 sequestration 88.02 Mg/ha during experimentation. PN hybrid in paired rows + rice bean - Egyptian clover noted higher soil organic carbon stock 14.75, 12.68 and 10.03 Mg/ha, soil CO2 sequestration 54.17, 46.52 and 36.79 Mg/ha at 0-15, 15-30 and 30- 45 cm soil depth respectively, total carbon stock 57.96 Mg/ha, total CO2 sequestration 212.70 Mg/ha, and carbon credit ₹ 49264 /ha/yr over guinea grass sole crop. Among the different grass based cropping systems maximum total carbon stock and total CO2 sequestration under PN hybrid in paired rows + ricebean - Egyptian clover but pearl millet napier (PN) hybrid sole higher fodder carbon stock and fodder CO2 sequestration over guinea grass sole crop for soil health improvement under present scenario of climate change.
Soil biological properties as influenced by phospho-enriched compost and fertility levels in maize (Zea mays)
Authors: DOODHAWAL KIRAN , MEENA R H , JAT GAJANAND , JAIN DEVENDRA , CHOUDHARY R S , CHOUDHARY ROSHAN , SHARMA JITENDRA KUMAR , MEENA MANISHA , YADAV S K
Published: October 2022

The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the impacts of phospho-enriched compost and fertility levels on soil biological properties in Typic Haplustepts soil of Sub-humid Southern Plain and Aravalli Hills Region in Rajasthan. The experiment was undertaken during kharif 2018 and 2019 at Instructional Farm (Agronomy), Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur (Rajasthan). The treatments comprised four levels of phospho-enriched compost (PEC), i.e. control, PEC @ 2.0, 4.0 and 6.0 t/ha and four levels of fertility (kg/ha) i.e. control, 50% RDF + foliar spray of Zn @ 0.5%, 75% RDF + foliar spray of Zn @ 0.5% and 100% RDF + foliar spray of Zn @ 0.5%, respectively. The experiment was laid out in a factorial randomized block design with three replications. Significant improvement in different soil biological properties, i.e. alkaline phosphate activity, dehydrogenase activity and soil microbial biomass carbon was observed with increasing levels of phospho-enriched compost and fertility up to 6 t/ ha and 100% RDF + foliar spray of Zn @ 0.5%, respectively after harvest of the maize (Zea mays L.) crop during both the years as well as in pooled analysis. In case of fertility levels, however, the microbial populations in soil after harvest of crop increase was significant up to 75% RDF + foliar spray of Zn @ 0.5% which was found statistically at par with 100% RDF + foliar spray of Zn @ 0.5%. The application of phospho-enriched compost @ 6 t/ha and 100% RDF + foliar spray of Zn @ 0.5% along with the recommended dose of fertilizer results in significantly higher biological properties of soil under Typic Haplustepts.
Comparative study of insecticide resistance management strategies against brinjal shoot and fruit borer (Leucinodes orbonalis) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
Authors: SAHA TAMOGHNA , CHANDRAN NITHYA
Published: October 2022

An experiment was conducted for kharif (2015-16 to 2017-18) in the field conditions to evaluate different insecticide usage tactics as resistance management strategies against Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee a serious shoot and fruit borer pest of brinjal (Solanu melongena L.). The results on bio-efficacy of insecticides revealed that in terms of shoot infestation, rotational strategy (chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC @ 150 ml/ha followed by emmamectin benzoate 5 SG @ 200 ml/ha, spinosad45 SC @ 125 ml/ha, chorpyrifos20EC @ 1000 ml/ha, cypermethrin 25 EC @ 250 ml/ha) was significantly effective and recorded least per cent shoot infestation as compared to other resistance management strategies. Rotational strategy was highly effective in reducing fruit infestation and it was followed by chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC, emmamectin benzoate 5SG and Spinosad 45 SC which comes under sequential strategy. Fruit yield obtained highest i.e. 360 q/ha with rotational strategy, however due to higher cost of chemicals, benefit cost ratio was found to be low but net profit was highest and it was followed by sequential strategy and mixture strategy. Based on the overall mean population of natural enemy, i.e. coccinellids (Cheilomenes sexmaculata and Coccinella septempunctata) it was apparent that the majority of the newer molecules were safer to the predator. Hence, rotational strategy, i.e. spraying of chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC, emmamectin benzoate 5 SG, spinosad45 SC, chorpyrifos 20 EC and cypermethrin25 EC at 15 days interval can be used as a new tool by farmers for effective management against L. orbonalis.
Biological performance and biochemical interactions of mustard aphid (Lipaphis erysimi) in Brassica juncea
Authors: SAMAL IPSITA , DHILLON MUKESH K , SINGH NAVEEN
Published: October 2022

Present studies were carried out on development and survival of Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) on diverse Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. & Coss. genotypes, and decipher the role of certain biochemical compounds in plant defense against mustard aphid. There were significant differences among test B. juncea genotypes for total nymphal duration, reproductive period, total developmental period, fecundity and survival of L. erysimi. The development period was significantly longer on PDZM 31, NRCHB 101, RP 7-3-2-2-1, TS 18-5124, RP 11-2-1-3-1, YSG, RLC 3, NPJ 50, IC 355399, MSTWR 17-1, EC 61-9-2-2-2, GP 454 and Kranti, while fecundity and survival were significantly lower on RLC 3, Kranti, IC 355399, Rohini, GP 454, NPJ 50 and TS 18-5124 as compared to other B. juncea genotypes. The biochemical constituents like, total antioxidants, tannins, phenols and FRAP were also significantly higher in RLC 3, Kranti, IC 355399, Rohini, GP 454, NPJ 50 and TS 18-5124 as compared to other B. juncea genotypes, except in a few cases. The total antioxidants and total tannins had significant and negative association, and explained 78.5% and 91.3% variability for fecundity and survival of L. erysimi, indicating their detrimental effects on progeny production and survival of mustard aphid on B. juncea. Present studies suggest that the B. juncea genotypes RLC 3, IC 355399, Rohini, GP 454, NPJ 50, TS 18-5124 and Kranti have higher amounts of test defense biochemicals and impart adverse effects on the reproductive period, fecundity and survival of L. erysimi.
Image-based identification of maydis leaf blight disease of maize (Zea mays) using deep learning
Authors: HAQUE MD ASHRAFUL , MARWAHA SUDEEP , ARORA ALKA , PAUL RANJIT KUMAR , HOODA KARAMBIR SINGH , SHARMA ANU , GROVER MONENDRA
Published: October 2022

In recent years, deep learning techniques have become very popular in the field of image recognition and classification. Image-based diagnosis of diseases in crops using deep learning techniques has become trendy in the current scientific community. In this study, a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) model has been developed to identify the images of maydis leaf bight (MLB) (Cochliobolus heterostrophus) disease of maize (Zea mays L.) crop. A total of 1547 digital images of maize leaves (596 healthy and 951 infected with maydis leaf blight disease) have been collected from different agricultural farms using hand-held camera and smartphones. The images have been collected from the experimental plots of BCKV, West Bengal and ICAR-IARI, New Delhi during 2018-19. The architectural framework of popular state-of-the network 'GoogleNet' has been used to build the deep CNN model. The developed model has been successfully trained, validated and tested on the above-mentioned dataset. The trained model has achieved an overall accuracy of 99.14% on the separate test dataset.
Bionomics of transverse ladybird beetle, Coccinella transversalis on cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora
Authors: RAKSHITH H S , SUROSHE SACHIN S , CHANDER SUBHASH , BHAGYASREE S N , VENKANNA Y
Published: October 2022

Cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch is one of the important pests of legumes. It is a cosmopolitan and polyphagous pest causing 30-35% damage to vegetable crops globally. Chemical control of this pest is not only expensive but also has deleterious effects on human health, environment and non-target organisms. Biological control is one of the most important components of integrated pest management to achieve eco-friendly and sustainable management of crop pests. Coccinellid predator, Coccinella transversalis Fab. is an efficient predator known for its appetite on cowpea aphid under vegetable ecosystem. With this background, we conducted a study on biology, morphometric and functional response of C. transversalis on cowpea aphid under laboratory conditions (27Â±1Â°C and 65Â±5% RH) at Biological Control Lab, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, during 2016-17. Type of functional response was determined through polynomial logistic regression of proportion of prey consumption to the density of prey. Functional response parameters were obtained by fitting the data to the Holling's and Roger's equations. Total life span of male and female was ranged from 47-64 and 60-71 days, with a mean of 56±6.2 and 66±3.9 days, respectively. Both male and female of C. transversalis were found to exhibit Type II functional response. Female has showed high attack rate (1.99±0.141) compared to male (1.90±0.088) with maximum prey consumption of 84.41 and 80.51 aphids/day, respectively. Handling time obtained for males (0.0124 day) was higher than females (0.0118 day).
Penegakan Hukum Pajak Yang Progresif
Authors: Wahyudi
Published: October 2022

Salah satu jalan keluar menuju penegakan hukum yang memberikan kebenaran material dan keadilan substansial adalah penegakan hukum progresif. Kehadiran hukum progresif bukanlah sesuatu yang kebetulan, bukan sesuatu yang lahir tanpa sebab, dan juga bukan sesuatu yang jatuh dari langit. Hukum progresif adalah bagian dari proses pencarian kebenaran yang tidak pernah berhenti. Hukum progresif, yang dapat dipandang sebagai konsep yang sedang mencari jati diri bertolak dari realitas empirik tentang bekerjanya hukum di masyarakat, berupa ketidakpuasan dan keprihatinan terhadap kinerja dan kualitas penegakan hukum dalam setting Indonesia akhir abad ke-20. Hasil yang didapatkan dalam penelitian yaitu pertama, melaksanakan pemeriksaan pajak yang menggentarkan dan berkeadilan. Kedua, membangun lembaga keberatan yang lebih independen dan adil. Ketiga, memberikan perlindungan hukum kepada penegak hukum berbasis kebenaran material dan keadilan. Dan keempat, menerapkan sistem penilaian kinerja penegak hukum yang seimbang dan berkeadilan.
Membayar Pajak Sebagai Bentuk Kesadaran Berbangsa dan Bernegara
Authors: Wahyudi
Published: October 2022

Permasalahan utama yang harus kita hadapi sekarang adalah bagaimana meningkatkan kesadaran kolektif membayar pajak sebagai kewajiban utama dalam berbangsa dan bernegara. Apabila dalam berbangsa dan bernegara ini sudah timbul kesadaran kolektif membayar pajak, maka kesejahteraan akan dirasakan oleh seluruh masyarakat dan keadilan sosial akan segera tercipta secara luas. Untuk meningkatan kesadaran dan kepatuhan hukum terhadap pajak harus dilakukan melalui pemasyarakatan dan pembudayaan pajak dengan tahapan internalisasi, sosialisasi, dan enkulturisasi. Salah satu dari upaya pemasyarakatan dan pembudayaan pajak dilakukan melalui suatu gerakan sosial dan budaya yang bersifat nasional yang terintegrasi langsung dengan program-program pembangunan nasional dari pemerintah maupun kegiatan-kegiatan dari masyarakat sendiri. Gerakan sosial dan budaya tersebut dapat dinamakan dengan Gerakan Nasional Sadar Pajak (GNSP).
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Driver Ojek Online Yang Mengalami Kerugian Akibat Tindakan Konsumen Yang Melakukan Pesanan Fiktif
Authors: Made Sinthia Sukmayanti  , I Made Sudirga
Published: October 2022

Ojek online merupakan ojek sepeda motor yang dapat dipesan menggunakan teknologi internet dengan memanfaatkan aplikasi pada smartphone. Perusahaan memberikan perlindungan terhadap driver yang mengalami kerugian akibat pesanan fiktif berupa perlindungan preventive. Rumusan masalah dalam analisis ini Bagaimana pengaturan tentang perlindungan hukum terhadap driver ojek online dan bagaimana pertanggungjawaban perusahaan ojek online terkait pembatalan pesanan fiktif. Adapun metode pengumpulan teknik bahan hukum yang digunakan peneliti terdiri dari Teknik analisis kualitatif normative. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa peran perusahaan ojek online belum maksimal melindungi para driver. Hal ini disebabkan karena perusahaan dengan driver hanya memiliki hubungan sebatas kemitraan. Berdasarkan kendala tersebut disarankan agar perusahaan bisa memberikan perlindungan yang layak bagi driver.
Grupos Armados Organizados Residuales y Amenazas Transfronterizas en el Alto Putumayo
Authors: Eduardo Villagra Manolo
Published: October 2022

Durante la última década, los cultivos de hoja de coca se han incrementado significativamente en Colombia, siendo los grupos armados organizados residuales (GAOR) los principales actores involucrados en el tráfico ilícito de drogas en la zona fronteriza entre Perú y Colombia. Desde el año 2016, los GAOR son considerados organizaciones criminales que no solo basan su economía en actividades ilícitas, sino que también vulneran los derechos humanos de las comunidades que habitan en dicha región. Ante la ausencia del Estado peruano, los GAOR se han consolidado en la zona y sus actividades económicas -en gran medida- constituyen la única alternativa para que la población aledaña pueda salir de la pobreza. En ese sentido, en este artículo se analiza el impacto de los GAOR en la seguridad y el desarrollo nacional.
Reflexión Sobre el Futuro de la Transformación Militar
Authors: García Covarrubias Jaime Guillermo
Published: October 2022

En este artículo se analiza la esencia de la transformación militar, así como se propone una metodología para su mejor comprensión y aplicación a una organización armada. Se sugiere que la transformación militar sea un proceso permanente de adaptación, no solo ante las nuevas formas de conflictos sino también ante los cambios que se producen en el ámbito de la sociedad. Por lo tanto, la comprensión de las tríadas de los ámbitos involucrados en la metodología de análisis adquiere significativa importancia. Asimismo, se presentan los vectores de amenazas, advirtiendo que su singularidad normal será una combinación de estos peligros. En ese sentido, el desarrollo de tecnologías disruptivas y su efecto en el ámbito cognitivo y social implican especial atención ya que moldearán los años de las generaciones presentes y futuras.