bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O jednoj verziji „antiformalističkog formalizma“ u sudijskom tumačenju prava
Authors: Dajović Goran
Published: February 2025

In his book The Nature and Determinants of Judicial Interpretation of Law, Bojan Spaić addresses a topic that has been largely neglected in domestic legal theory and philosophy of law: judicial reasoning, interpretation, and decision-making. According to the author’s design, the aim of the book is to provide a description of judicial interpretation of law, based on the assumption that so-called antiformalism is a correct theory of the nature of judicial interpretation. This article first analyzes certain aspects of the book that seem open to critique. For example, attention is drawn to the absence of consideration of critical counterarguments regarding (some of) the significant theses that the author advocates. Alternatively, it points out the problematic nature of categorizing interpretative rules as extralegal merely because they lack a formally codified, written form in the legal framework. Nevertheless, the primary objective of the article is to “evaluate” the insights presented by the author, despite certain shortcomings in their formulation and development. These insights can be summarized under the phrase “antiformalist formalism.” The core of the book’s value lies in the recognition that there is no singular “true meaning” of a legal text, that judicial interpretation is a decision, that this decision is predominantly justified by reference to authoritative legal reasons found in formal or factual sources of law, that judges do not interpret norms but legal texts, that norms are the outcome of interpretation, and that judges, in the process of interpretation, supplement, develop, and occasionally even create law from nothing.
Sudije, jezik i tumačenje prava: odgovor na kritike
Authors: Spaić Bojan
Published: February 2025

The article clarifies the theory of legal interpretation introduced in the monograph “Nature and determinants of judicial interpretation of law” regarding the criticisms by Miodrag Jovanović, Goran Dajović and Aleš Novak. Special emphasis is placed on the problems of (1) the relationship between judicial interpretation of law, scientific interpretation of law, and lay interpretation of law, (2) the relationship between natural language and the default understanding of natural language and legal language, as well as (3) determinants that influence the judicial interpretation of law. In connection with these problems, the author draws the following conclusions: (1) judicial interpretation of law, in contrast to scientific and lay interpretation, represents interpretation in a normative function, and judges attribute one of the possible normative meanings to legal texts; (2) the normative meanings of legal texts are not determined by their linguistic content, but are the very rules of interpretation that we call linguistic rules that are formulated and contingently respected within the legal profession; (3) legitimate and illegitimate determinants of judicial interpretation in its two meanings – cognitive and volitional – determine the possibilities of normative meanings of legal texts and decisions about the normative meaning of those texts made by judges. The arguments presented in the text join the arguments presented in the monograph as reasons for accepting realistic (anti-formalist) viewpoints in the theory of legal interpretation.
Transbordamentos: a feminidade equívoca de Anne Carson
Authors: Castro Irene Viveiros de
Published: February 2025

Este artigo examina o conceito de feminino na obra de Anne Carson, com foco em três de seus ensaios — dois acadêmicos e um literário. Nosso objetivo é investigar como Carson constrói uma definição do feminino em sua análise do imaginário da mulher na Antiguidade grega, mostrando que “a mulher” aparece ali como uma figura essencialmente equívoca, o que se deve ao conceito também equívoco de matéria que a fundamenta. Analisaremos como Carson explora essa ambiguidade ao jogar com a inversão das posições de gênero em seu ensaio literário e autoteórico “The Anthropology of Water”. Finalmente, argumentaremos que essa mesma equivocidade do feminino está profundamente relacionada à posição paradoxal da autora enquanto mulher (acadêmica e poeta), situada ao mesmo tempo dentro e fora do logos.
Les troubles du sommeil des adolescents et l’apprentissage
Authors:   , Bortolotti Fabiana
Published: February 2025

Au cours des dernières décennies, une augmentation alarmante de la prévalence des troubles du sommeil chez les adolescents a été signalée dans le monde entier. Ces troubles comprennent un sommeil insuffisant, des difficultés d’endormissement, des réveils nocturnes et un sommeil agité. De nombreux facteurs peuvent influencer ces troubles, notamment le stress scolaire et les habitudes néfastes liées à l’environnement éducatif scolaire. De même, des éléments externes tels que l’environnement familial et l’utilisation excessive de la technologie contribuent à aggraver la situation. L’impact de ces troubles du sommeil se reflète non seulement dans les performances académiques et cognitives des élèves, mais s’étend également à d’autres domaines de leur vie. En dehors de l’école, ces troubles peuvent affecter divers aspects de la santé mentale, du comportement et de la santé physique. Afin d’améliorer la situation, des interventions sont essentielles, à la fois au niveau scolaire et familial. Ces interventions peuvent prendre différentes formes, à savoir l’heure de début des cours à l’école, des journées d’information, des stratégies de gestion du stress ou un rythme de vie sain et équilibré. L’objectif de ces mesures est d’aider les adolescents souffrant de troubles du sommeil à promouvoir leur bien-être physique, mental et comportemental, ainsi qu’à améliorer leurs performances scolaires et cognitives.
Calidad, eficiencia y equidad en la educación superior en Colombia
Authors: Bayona-Rodríguez Hernando , Sánchez Torres Fabio José
Published: February 2025

En las últimas cuatro décadas, la cobertura de la educación superior en
el mundo ha experimentado una expansión sin precedentes. Desde comienzos
del siglo xxi, nuestro país también ha sido parte de ese patrón.
Calidad, eficiencia y equidad en la educación superior en Colombia:
avances y brechas presenta un análisis —sobre los aspirantes, los
factores asociados a la deserción, las tendencias de graduación y la
entrada al mercado laboral— que considera variables socioeconómicas y el
carácter de las instituciones, con el fin de ofrecer un diagnóstico y
análisis de los logros y retos que tiene Colombia en esta materia.
Además, esta obra presenta un novedoso estudio
Leveraging Pension Assets for Investment in Nigeria's Marginal Oil Fields: A Conceptual Analysis
Authors: Mohammed Usman Isyaku  , Dauda O. AbdulSalam  , Kabiru Kamba  , Garba Tanko
Published: February 2025

This paper examines the potential of channeling Nigeria’s pension assets into marginal oil fields to drive economic growth and enhance pension contributors' financial security. Despite holding significant underutilized resources, Nigeria’s marginal oil fields face financial and operational constraints. Meanwhile, pension fund assets have grown exponentially, exceeding ₦20.48 trillion as of September 2024, largely invested (62.03%) in Federal Government Securities. However, federal government bond yields average 18.96%, compared to the oil and gas sector's 28.26% net profit margin, making marginal oil fields an attractive but high-risk investment option for pension funds. The Pension Reform Act of 2014 permits diversified investments, including equities and corporate bonds, yet energy sector investments remain limited. This study develops a conceptual framework assessing the viability of integrating pension assets into marginal fields, emphasizing risk management, return optimization and regulatory alignment. It examines the roles of key stakeholders, including government agencies, pension fund administrators and oil companies, in facilitating this model. Potential risks such as market volatility, regulatory changes and environmental concerns are addressed with strategies like diversification and adherence to ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) principles. While benefits include higher returns and increased oil production, challenges in regulatory compliance, public perception and sustainability must be managed to ensure success. This analysis contributes to the discourse on alternative investment avenues for Nigeria’s pension assets, thereby offering policy recommendations for a mutually beneficial approach to pension fund involvement in marginal oil field development.
The Influence of Green Technology, Environmental Disclosure and Green Intellectual Capital on Stock Returns
Authors: Adi Nurpermana  , Yvonne Augustine
Published: February 2025

Purpose –Company performance can be measured in terms of financial and non-financial. Shareholders are motivated to invest their capital in the hope of getting a return in accordance with the capital invested. Indonesia is currently in a dilemma with a knowledge-based, fast-changing and technology-based economy. Most companies use technology to improve the efficiency of company activities and reduce costs incurred. Issues related to the environment and the adoption of green technology have received much attention over the past few years. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between Green technology, environmental disclosure and green intellectual capital on stock returns
Design/methodology/approach –The type of data in this study is secondary data. The samples used in the study were Basic Materials and Transportation & Logistic companies with a sample size of 267.
Findings –The results show no effect of green technology on stock returns. There is a significant negative relationship between Green Intellectual Capital and stock returns. While environmental disclosure has a significant positive effect on stock returns.
Research limitations/implications –In developing countries, no statistically relevant relationship was found between fair valuation and earnings quality, which may be due to the adoption of IFRS and the lack of experience in fair valuation, or more generally, the very low influence of IFRS regulations on local accounting practices.
Originality/value –In this paper, researchers use clear technology to measure green technology that has not been used by previous researchers.
Early Detection of Sovereign Market Instability in Romania: The Role of SovCISS
Authors: BEJENARU Cristina – Elena
Published: February 2025

Drawing on the methodology proposed by Garcia-de-Andoain and Kremer (2018), SovCISS incorporates key factors – credit risk, volatility, and liquidity – to provide a comprehensive overview of potential market pressures in the Romanian bond market. The indicator’s empirical applications reveal a notable alignment between Romania’s market and those of the Euro Area and three major Central European economies (Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic), underscoring shared susceptibilities to external shocks. The analysis highlights a balanced contribution of credit risk, volatility, and bid-ask spreads to overall stress levels, although credit spreads have taken on a more substantial role since 2021 in tandem with Romania’s comparatively restrictive monetary stance. By providing early warnings and detailed signals across different maturities, SovCISS helps policymakers respond to looming challenges and reinforce financial stability. This research expands existing literature by introducing a real-time surveillance instrument that strengthens sovereign risk management strategies within Europe’s increasingly interconnected financial environment.
A ABORDAGEM PÓS-OPERATÓRIA EM PACIENTES PORTADORES DE DOENÇA DE CROHN: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Montanhani Ana Beatriz Bastos , Bullos Bernardo Silva , Matos Matheus Curty , Caruso Felipe Xavier , Pereira Gabriel Lisboa , Rêgo Jodson Fernandes
Published: February 2025

A Doença de Crohn (DC) é uma doença inflamatória crônica do trato gastrointestinal que, em muitos casos, requer intervenção cirúrgica devido a complicações como obstruções intestinais, fístulas e abscessos. A abordagem pós-operatória em pacientes com Doença de Crohn é um componente crucial para garantir a recuperação eficaz, prevenir complicações e controlar a recidiva da doença. Este estudo tem o objetivo de destacar as estratégias e práticas adotadas no período pós-cirúrgico de pacientes com Doença de Crohn. Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura nas principais bases de dados médicas utilizando os descritores “neuropathic pain” e “pediatrics”, utilizando o operador booleano “AND”. Todos os artigos publicados entre 2022-2025 foram incluídos na análise primária. Após a cirurgia, o manejo envolve monitoramento rigoroso para identificar possíveis complicações, assim como o uso de medicamentos imunossupressores, como corticosteroides e agentes biológicos, é frequentemente indicado para controlar a inflamação residual. Além disso, o acompanhamento contínuo é essencial para detectar sinais precoces de complicações ou retorno da doença. Dessa forma, é visto a importância de uma abordagem integrada e individualizada no pós-operatório, enfatizando a necessidade de um acompanhamento a longo prazo para otimizar os resultados e minimizar as recidivas da Doença de Crohn.
Development of accurate and stable primary standard gas mixtures for global atmospheric acetonitrile monitoring: evaluating adsorption loss and long-term stability
Authors: Tsogt Baigali , Kang Ji Hwan , Oh Seok-Young , Lee Sangil
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Acetonitrile plays an important role in atmospheric processes and serves as a key tracer of biomass burning, the major emission source of primary carbonaceous particles and trace gases in the global atmosphere. Recognizing its significance, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) Programme has designated acetonitrile as one of the target volatile organic compounds for global atmospheric monitoring, aiming for data quality better than 20 % accuracy and 15 % precision. Meeting the objectives of the WMO GAW Programme requires accurate and stable calibration standards with expanded uncertainties of less than 5 %. In this study, we explored the feasibility of gravimetry for developing primary standard gas mixtures (PSMs) in three different types of aluminium cylinders, each with distinct internal surface treatments, at nmol mol−1 and µmol mol−1 levels with a relative expanded uncertainty of less than 5 % and nitrogen as the matrix gas. We found that all three types of cylinders were inadequate without further passivation for developing acetonitrile PSMs below 10 nmol mol−1 due to significant adsorption losses (6 %–49 %) onto the cylinder's inner surface. To overcome this challenge, we prepared acetonitrile gas mixtures at 100 nmol mol−1 using a modified gravimetric method and at 10 µmol mol−1 using a conventional gravimetric method and then evaluated their long-term stability. Results showed that the effect of the adsorption loss at 100 nmol mol−1 and 10 µmol mol−1 was negated and negligible, respectively. Stability results show that we can disseminate acetonitrile calibration standards at both 100 nmol mol−1 and 10 µmol mol−1 with a relative expanded uncertainty of 3 % and 1 %, respectively (with an expiration period of 3 years), meeting the target uncertainty of the WMO GAW Programme. Further research is still needed to develop accurate and stable acetonitrile calibration standards below 10 nmol mol−1 that are closer to atmospheric levels.
Modelling ozone-induced changes in wheat amino acids and protein quality using a process-based crop model
Authors: Cook Jo , Yadav Durgesh Singh , Hayes Felicity , Booth Nathan , Bland Sam , Pande Pritha , Thankappan Samarthia , Emberson Lisa
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Ozone (O3) pollution reduces wheat yields as well as the protein and micronutrient yield of the crop. O3 concentrations are particularly high in India and are set to increase, threatening wheat yields and quality in a country already facing challenges to food security. This study aims to improve the existing DO3SE-CropN model to simulate the effects of O3 on Indian wheat quality by incorporating antioxidant processes to simulate protein and the concentrations of nutritionally relevant amino acids. As a result, the improved model can now capture the decrease in protein concentration that occurs in Indian wheat exposed to elevated O3. The structure of the modelling framework is transferrable to other abiotic stressors and easily integrable into other crop models, provided they simulate leaf and stem nitrogen (N), demonstrating the flexibility and usefulness of the framework developed in this study. Further, the modelling results can be used to simulate the dietary indispensable amino acid score (DIAAS), the metric for measuring protein quality recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, setting up a foundation for nutrition-based risk assessments of O3 effects on crops. The resulting model was able to capture grain protein, lysine and methionine concentrations reasonably well. As a proportion of dry matter, the simulated percentages ranged from 0.26 % to 0.38 % for lysine and from 0.13 % to 0.22 % for methionine, while the observed values were 0.16 % to 0.38 % and 0.14 % to 0.22 %, respectively. For grain and leaf protein simulations, the interdependence between parameters reduced the accuracy of their respective relative protein loss under O3 exposure. Additionally, the decrease in lysine and methionine concentrations under O3 exposure was underestimated by ∼ 10 percentage points for methionine for both cultivars and by 37 and 19 percentage points for lysine for HUW234 and HD3118, respectively. This underestimation occurs despite simulations of relative yield loss being fairly accurate (average deviation of 2.5 percentage points excluding outliers). To provide a further mechanistic understanding of O3 effects on wheat grain quality, future experiments should measure N and protein concentrations in leaves and stems, along with the proportion of N associated with antioxidants, which will aid in informing future model development. Additionally, exploring how grain protein relates to amino acid concentrations under O3 will enhance the model's accuracy in predicting protein quality and provide more reliable estimates of the influence of O3 on wheat quality. This study builds on the work of Cook et al. (2024) and supports the second phase of the Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report (TOAR) by investigating the impacts of tropospheric O3 on Indian wheat and the potential of this to exacerbate existing malnutrition in India.
Insights into tectonic zonation models from the clustering analysis of seismicity in South and South-eastern Spain
Authors: Montiel-López David , Peresan Antonella , Varini Elisa , Molina Sergio
Published: February 2025

Abstract. The South and South-eastern part of Spain exhibits the highest seismicity rate in the country. However, although the recently developed Quaternary Active Fault database of Iberia (QAFI, García-Mayordomo et al. (2012)) collected the available information existing in the study area regarding fault data for their use in seismic hazard applications, this information is of limited use since data quality is very heterogeneous: few earthquakes are associated to specific fault segments and occurrence time periods (when indicated) are affected by high uncertainties (Gaspar-Escribano et al., 2015). This fact has motivated the definition of alternative tectonic zonation models, to be used for evaluating the seismic hazard. So far, the clustering properties have not been considered in this regard, though they can provide essential information about the features of seismic energy release, depending on the tectonic style of a region (Talebi et al., 2024). This is why in this work the properties of the seismicity in terms of clustering are evaluated by applying the Nearest-Neighbor (NN) algorithm on the South-eastern Spain region. The scale parameters needed for the NN algorithm are optimised through the study of the z-score and the temporal anomalies between events in the identified clusters for each run. The tree structure under the graph theory notation has been proved useful in the determination of the critical threshold that separates the background (independent) seismicity from the clustered (dependent) seismicity in the NN algorithm. Once the clusters have been identified, the properties of the clusters have been quantified in terms of a selection of complexity measures: outdegree, closeness, and average node depth. This procedure has been applied by considering two different completeness magnitudes: Mw3.0 (the mean completeness magnitude for the entire catalogue) and Mw2.1 (accounting for the most recent part of the catalogue). The results are similar in terms of proportion of foreshocks, mainshocks and aftershocks, and indicate a clear distinction between the western-most part (higher complexity) and eastern-most part (lower complexity). To check this result, three different zonation models have been examined and cross-compared; two of them passed the Kolgomorov-Smirnov test, meaning the distributions of the selected complexity measures are not the same for the different zones defined in the models. These zonations can be used in order to assess the seismic hazard, as they account for the influence of the tectonic setting on the patterns of earthquakes occurrence, including the features of background and clustered seismicity components.
A history-matching analysis of the Antarctic Ice Sheet since the Last Interglacial – Part 1: Ice sheet evolution
Authors: Lecavalier Benoit S. , Tarasov Lev
Published: February 2025

Abstract. In this study we present the evolution of the Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) since the Last Interglacial. This is achieved by means of a history-matching analysis where a newly updated observational database (AntICE2) is used to constrain a large ensemble of 9293 model simulations. The Glacial Systems Model (GSM) configured with 38 ensemble parameters was history-matched against observations of past ice extent, past ice thickness, past sea level, ice core borehole temperature profiles, present-day uplift rates, and present-day ice sheet geometry and surface velocity. Successive ensembles were used to train Bayesian artificial neural network emulators. The parameter space was efficiently explored to identify the most relevant portions of the parameter space through Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling with the emulators. The history matching ruled out model simulations which were inconsistent with the observational-constraint database. During the Last Interglacial (LIG), the AIS yielded several metres equivalent sea level (m e.s.l.) of grounded ice volume deficit relative to the present, with sub-surface ocean warming during this period being the key uncertainty. At the global Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), the best-fitting sub-ensemble of AIS simulations reached an excess grounded ice volume relative to the present of 9.2 to 26.5 m e.s.l. Considering the data do not rule out simulations with an LGM grounded ice volume >20 m e.s.l. with respect to the present, the AIS volume at the LGM can partly explain the missing-ice problem and help close the LGM sea-level budget. Moreover, during the deglaciation, the state space estimation of the AIS based on the GSM and near-field observational constraints allows only a negligible Antarctic Meltwater Pulse 1a contribution (−0.2 to 0.3 m e.s.l.).
ՄԱՅՐԵՆԻԻ ՈՒՍՈՒՑՄԱՆ ԱՅԼԸՆՏՐԱՆՔԱՅԻՆ ՄՈԴԵԼՆԵՐ / ALTERNATIVE MODELS OF MOTHER TONGUE TEACHING
Authors: Galstyan Ashot
Published: February 2025

The process of the mother tongue teaching of the 5th-6th grades undergoes radical changes related to the requirements of the state standard of publiceducation and the curriculum. The material studied in textbooks and manuals is presented in a complex way: reading text, language knowledge, literary information, work on the text, relevant practical exercises, diagrams summarizing the language material, materials included in the QR code. The main goal of the mother tongue class is the development of the student's oral and written speech, the formation of creativity, communicative and cooperative abilities.
An Independence System As a Knot Invariant
Authors: Hussain Iffat Fida , Ali Usman
Published: February 2025

This article defines an independence system for a classical knot diagram and proves that the independence system is a knot invariant for alternating knots. We also discuss the exchange property for minimal unknotting sets. Finally, we show knot diagrams where the independence system is a matroid, and there are knot diagrams where it is not.
The Black Bone Disease: Is There A Gender Difference In Prevalence Of Ochronotic Arthropathy? An Epidemiological Overview.
Authors: Monti Lorenzo , Salini Vincenzo , Verde Francesco ,   IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan. Italy, Santucci Annalisa , Braconi Daniela ,   Department of Biotechnology Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy, Anghilieri Filippo Maria ,   S. Leopoldo Mandic Hospital, Merate, Italy, Bobba Andrea ,   University of Milan, Milan, Italy, Franchi Emanuele ,   Villa Aprica Clinical Institute Como Italy, Zaolino Carlo Eugenio ,   Istituto Ortopedico Gaetano Pini-CTO, Milan, Italy
Published: February 2025

Alkaptonuria (AKU) is a rare inherited metabolic disease associated with various clinical and radiological abnormalities due to homogentisic acid
deposition. Ochronotic arthropathy is the musculoskeletal manifestation that occurs in patients with AKU, and it is often an occasional finding
during joint replacement surgery. Since AKU is known to have an autosomal recessive transmission, its prevalence should not show any gender
discrepancy. Despite this, the authors’ clinical experience suggested a marked prevalence in the male sex, with patients undergoing hip and
knee joint replacements: we investigated the current literature to observe whether our case series was an exception. A systematic review was
performed on PubMed, Scopus, and Embase with different combinations of the keywords “ochronosis”, “alkaptonuria”, “prosthesis”, “total joint
replacement”. Search yielded 157 studies, on which we performed a primary evaluation. As there are no specific orthopaedic registries for this
condition, we collected the sex prevalence of ochronosis from case reports and case series in the literature. Overall, from the studies suitable for
inquiry, we collected a total of 195 patients with ochronotic arthropathy who underwent joint replacement surgery. Of these, 124 were males and
67 females. We speculate that due to environmental factors, such as work or sports activity, chondral cloth damage causes elevated formation
of chondral debris, triggering the apoptotic process, known to be ochronotic arthropathy damaging process: Environmental factors should, in our
opinion, explain the gender difference observed.
COMORBIDITY OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE AND THYROID DYSFUNCTION
Authors: Pashkevich A. V. , Serebryakova O. V.
Published: February 2025

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and endocrinological conditions, such as thyroid dysfunction, are both associated with chronic inflammation. Epidemiological studies have shown that patients with COPD have a higher risk for developing thyroid dysfunction compared to the general population. This comorbidity has not been well studied, and its diagnosis can be difficult due to the combined burden and layering of clinical symptoms, while this combination of the disease can seriously worsen the quality of life of patients. Understanding the relationship between thyroid dysfunction and COPD can help improve the clinical prognosis in these patients. The review examines the existing links between COPD and thyroid diseases, their mechanisms and clinical features.
THE ROLE OF MYOKINES IN IMPROVING COGNITIVE FUNCTION
Authors: Petrova A. I. , Markovskiy A. V. , Potapova N. I. , Mizernitskiy Yu I.
Published: February 2025

Over the past couple of decades, it has become apparent that skeletal muscles work as an endocrine organ that can produce and secrete myokines that exert their effects in an endocrine, paracrine, or autocrine manner. Modern research shows that physical exertion induces the synthesis of molecules involved in the transmission of signals between skeletal muscle cells and other organs, in particular the brain, adipose tissue, organs of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as skin and vascular cells. This review examines the myokines that cause communication with the brain, neuroprotection in response to physical activity and related processes. Unlike exercise-induced protective myokines and related signaling pathways, physical inactivity and muscle wasting can disrupt the expression and secretion of myokines and, in turn, disrupt the function of the central nervous system. It is assumed that adapting the transmission of signals from muscles to the brain by modulating myokines will help combat age-related neurodegeneration and brain diseases affected by systemic signals.
NEUTROPENIA IN THE NEONATAL PERIOD: QUESTIONS REMAIN. CLINICAL CASE
Authors: Popova N. G. , Kocherova V. V.
Published: February 2025

Immunodeficiency in the neonatal period is often recorded. Neutro- and lymphopenia of secondary genesis are detected in various infectious diseases of the ante-, intra- and postnatal period of infection. Primary immunodeficiency occurs due to genetic breakdown of the immune system and is included in the syndrome complexes of hereditary and chromosomal diseases. The clinic of immunodeficiency conditions does not have a specific picture, and is realized as a sluggish infectious disease, often leading to sepsis. Newborn children, especially premature infants, have a functionally immature immune system, do not form an adequate immune response when exposed to pathogens, which leads to rapid generalization of infectious diseases. An infectious process against the background of congenital immunodeficiency can lead to death. A clinical example of the development of a generalized infectious process with secondary immunodeficiency clearly shows the difficulty of curating patients with a fatal outcome.
CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE COURSE OF BRONCHIOLITIS OF RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRКГЫ ETIOLOGY IN CHILDREN IN THE PRE-PANDEMIC PERIOD AND DURING THE DECLINE OF THE INCIDENCE OF COVID-19
Authors: Bochkareva L. S. , Miromanova N. A. , Ostrova A. V.
Published: February 2025

Introduction. The appearance of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has led to a change in a number of manifestations of the epidemiological process for a group of acute respiratory virus infections, including respiratory syncytial virus infection. However, there is insufficient data on a possible change in the nature of the clinical course of respiratory syncytial virus infection during the period of COVID-19 circulation.

The aim of the research: to study the clinical and epidemiological features of the course of bronchiolitis of respiratory syncytial virus etiology in children in the pre-pandemic period and during the decline of COVID-19 incidence.

Materials and methods. A study of 332 cards of children hospitalized in the Regional Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital (Chita, Zabaikalsky Krai) with a diagnosis of Acute bronchiolitis of respiratory syncytial virus etiology was conducted. 2 observation groups were identified: the first group of the pre–pandemic period – 207 patients (2013 to 2017), the second group during the period of decrease in COVID-19 incidence (2021–2023), n=125. Statistical data processing was carried out by the STATISTICA 6.1 software package.

Results. The epidemic season of respiratory syncytial infection (RSVI) 2021–2022 was characterized by an early onset with peaks in incidence in December and February. The epidemic season of 2022-2023 was accompanied by a late start of hospitalization for RSVI in January 2023, with the maximum number of cases in March and April. Severe forms of bronchiolitis developed in 15,5% of cases in the first group and in 8,8% in the second. Patients who received treatment in the period 2013–2017 more often needed hospitalization in the intensive care unit and artificial lung ventilation, which may be explained by the more frequent development of complications (pneumonia) detected in this group.

Conclusion. The circulation of the respiratory syncytial virus during the extinction of the COVID-19 pandemic remains almost at the inter-pandemic level. Regardless of the circulation of the SARS-CoV-2 virus among the population, the clinical picture of respiratory syncytial virus associated bronchiolitis in children has not changed. With a decrease in the incidence of bacterial complications (pneumonia) and the need for intensive care in the 2021–2023 season.
Optimizing Energy Consumption in Cloud Data Centers: A Survey of VM Allocation Techniques
Authors: Vipan, Raj Kumar
Published: February 2025

The rapid expansion of cloud computing has resulted in a substantial increase in energy consumption, presenting a significant challenge for cloud service providers. To address this critical issue, researchers have proposed a wide array of innovative virtual machine allocation techniques aimed at optimizing  energy usage in cloud data centers. This comprehensive survey examines these energy-efficient VM allocation approaches in detail, discussing their  key methodologies, advantages, and limitations. By thoroughly investigating these techniques, this study aims to inform and guide future research and development efforts to drive more sustainable and efficient cloud computing  infrastructures that can adapt to the growing demands of  the cloud ecosystem. Specifically, this survey will delve deeper into the various energy-efficient VM allocation strategies, including dynamic VM consolidation, thermal-aware scheduling, and the integration of renewable energy sources. These techniques hold the potential to significantly reduce the energy demands of cloud computing and pave the way for more environmental friendly cloud infrastructures that can keep pace with the expanding needs of the cloud ecosystem.
DOI:https://doi.org/10.52783/pst.1579
Effect of Preanesthetic Assessment Timing on Preoperative Anxiety in Ambulatory Surgery Patients
Authors: Ateş Ayhan Nazire , Hancı Volkan , Özbilgin Şule , Yurtlu Bülent Serhan
Published: February 2025

Objective: Preoperative anxiety is a prevalent concern among ambulatory surgery patients. Besides controversial
findings between preoperative anesthesia evaluation and anxiety in ambulatory surgical patients, its optimal
timing on anxiety levels remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the impact of preoperative anesthesia
evaluation timing on anxiety levels in patients undergoing ambulatory surgery.
Material and Method: A prospective, non-randomized, observational study was conducted between May 2016 and
August 2016. Adult patients scheduled for elective surgery under local anesthesia with sedation were included.
Participants were divided based on the timing of anesthesia evaluation: Group OP (evaluated before surgery) and
Group AS (assessed on the day of surgery). Preoperative anxiety was measured using the Spielberger State-Trait
Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at two time points: just before preoperative anesthesia
evaluation (Score 1) and immediately before surgery (Score 2).
Results: The study comprised 144 patients, with 72 in each group. No significant differences between groups
were observed in baseline sociodemographic characteristics (p>0.05), except for significantly older patients
in Group OP than those in Group AS (p=0.030). Median STAI-S, STAI-T, and VAS scores (Score 1) showed no
significant differences between groups (p>0.05). Both groups significantly increased STAI-S scores between
Score 1 and Score 2 measurements (p=0.015 for Group OP and p
Comparison of extracorporeal shock wave therapy, ultrasound, and dexamethasone iontophoresis in patients with lateral epicondylitis
Authors: Başaran Pınar , Doğan Ayşe
Published: February 2025

Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT), ultrasound (US), and dexamethasone iontophoresis treatments on pain, grip strength, functionality, and quality of life in patients with lateral epicondylitis, and overdetermine the superiority of the treatments to each other.
Material and Method: This single-blind, prospective study included 78 patients who were diagnosed with lateral epicondylitis. The patients were randomized into three groups. The same physiotherapy program consisted of hot packs, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), and exercises were administered to all groups. All exercises were performed under the supervision of a qualified physiotherapist. In addition to a 10-day physiotherapy program, every 5 days, a total 3 sessions of ESWT were conducted to the 1st group, 10 days of US applied to the 2nd group, and 10 days of dexamethasone iontophoresis therapy to the 3rd group. Evaluations were carried out before, and 1 month after treatment. Pain severity levels were measured using the numeric rating scale (NRS), disability using the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (Quick DASH), quality of life using the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), and grip strength using a dynamometer and pinch strength using a pinch meter.
Results: The groups were similar in demographic and clinical characteristics. A significant temporal change was found in three groups in terms of pain severity, disability, grip strength, and quality of life at the first month after treatment. When the efficacy of these treatments was compared after treatment in the first month, dexamethasone iontophoresis was statistically superior to US, and ESWT in terms of pain, and quality of life (p
Diagnostic Comparison of MRI Sequences for Assessing Myometrial Invasion in Endometrial Cancer: A 1.5T MRI Study
Authors: Akçay Ahmet , Peker Abdusselim Adil
Published: February 2025

Objective: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of T2-weighted, dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging, and diffusion-weighted imaging in assessing myometrial invasion depth in endometrial cancer and to determine if any sequence performs better.
Material and Method: In this retrospective study, 98 patients with histopathologically confirmed endometrial cancer underwent preoperative multiparametric pelvic magnetic resonance imaging scans using a 1.5-T machine between January 2018 and May 2024. The T2-weighted, dynamic contrast-enhanced, and diffusion-weighted imaging sequences were independently reviewed by an experienced radiologist blinded to pathology results to assess myometrial invasion depth (superficial vs. deep). Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, negative predictive value, and positive predictive value were calculated. Statistical analyses included ROC curves and McNemar’s test.
Results: T2-weighted, dynamic contrast-enhanced, and diffusion-weighted imaging showed high diagnostic accuracy for assessing myometrial invasion, with area under the curve values of 0.967, 0.954, and 0.916, respectively. T2-weighted images achieved the highest sensitivity (1.0) and specificity (0.934). While diffusion-weighted images and dynamic contrast-enhanced images demonstrated slightly lower accuracy compared to T2-weighted images, the differences were not statistically significant (p>0.05). However, both diffusion-weighted images and dynamic contrast-enhanced images had higher misclassification rates in cases with fibroids, adenomyosis, or indistinct junctional zones.
Conclusion: All three magnetic resonance sequences demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy for evaluating myometrial invasion in EC. Although T2-weighted images had slightly better diagnostic accuracy due to its superior anatomical detail, the differences were not statistically significant. In cases with confounding factors, combining T2-weighted, dynamic contrast-enhanced, and diffusion-weighted imaging improves diagnostic reliability.
Methodology of the concept of «book»: current state and prospects of development
Authors: Diener E.V.
Published: February 2025

The article briefly analyses the development and current state of
one of the most topical areas of book studies - the methodology of the
concept of «book». The reasons of inconsistency of the developed in
book studies content of the category «book» to the conditions of modern information environment are revealed, perspective methods and
approaches to the study of these issues are defined, allowing to clarify
the definition of the term «book».
«Literary Album» of the magazine «Niva». Drawings by R.F. Stein to the works of Alexander Pushkin: to the 225th anniversary of the poet’s birth and to the 170th anniversary of the artist’s birth
Authors: Dmitrieva N.Yu.
Published: February 2025

The article is a review of little-known drawings made by the artist
Ralph Fyodorovich Stein in the late 19th century to individual works
of Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin, and published in various editions,
including – in the «Literary Album» of the magazine «Niva».
Experimental simulation masterclasses increase young people’s interest in IT industry literature
Authors: Evdokimov D.S. , Aksyonova E.S. , Katasonova K.A.
Published: February 2025

The team of young scientists at the Central Institute of Economics and Mathematics of the Russian Academy of Sciences aims to introduce the younger generation to the vast world of computer and
simulation modelling. They are able to pass on the applied knowledge
gained from leading Russian experts through mentoring, theoretical
and practical educational events and, of course, books. It is quite difficult to create a youth community of talented people with a thirst for
knowledge and a desire for new discoveries, especially without serious education. Creating such a community requires an integrated approach to education and the involvement of young people in scientific activities.
The project of bibliographic Pushkiniana: by databases of the Russian Book Chamber 2000–2024
Authors: Karaychentseva S.A. , Sukhorukova E.M. , Sukhorukov K.M.
Published: February 2025

The article presents the project of the book index of printed editions of A.S. Pushkin’s works and the main publications devoted to his life and works, published in the first quarter of the twenty-first century (2000–2024). The project is timed to the 225th anniversary
of the Russian classic and is based on the materials of the state bibliographic accounting of compulsory copies of books and periodicals,
conducted by the Russian Book Chamber for the specified period.
The authors-compilers of this index also used various bibliographic
editions of relevant subjects as sources to supplement the main sec-
tions. The publication of the index is planned by the publishing house
«Pashkov Dom» in 2025.
The influence of Japanese engraving on the work of Russian printmakers of the early 20th century
Authors: Nikolenko A.V.
Published: February 2025

n the history of the development of Russian book graphics the
Japanese artistic tradition occupies a prominent place. At the end of
the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century there was a noticeable
interest in Japanese print graphics in Russian art, especially in ukiyo-e
woodblock prints. The interaction with Japanese graphics contributed
to the enrichment of artistic traditions, the expansion of stylistic possibilities and the search for new means of expression. It influenced
the work of such masters as I.Ya. Bilibin, A.P. Ostroumova-Lebedeva and others.
Problematics of reading quality in the context of book culture
Authors: Pereverzeva Yu.A. , Kupreshchenkova E.E.
Published: February 2025

The quality of reading is analysed as a complex research category
of book culture. Views on the quality of reading are described, based
on the nature of the book, models and functions of reading, criteria of
its quality, socialising role and socio-economic importance for society.
New materials on the Moscow book printing of the seventeenth century, the time of the first tsars of the Romanov dynasty
Authors: Pozdeyeva I.V.
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to the first brief analysis of the most complete
list of the repertoire of the Moscow printing house. First of all, the
editions not included in the Consolidated Catalogue by A.S. Zernova
are presented, the copies of which were unknown in the twentieth
century and, in most cases, even today. At the same time, information
is given on the number of editions, production costs, listed prices of
almost all the editions published during this period, as well as on the
new form of publishing activity of the printing house. To a certain
extent, the article is a presentation of the forthcoming book.
Factors of purchase of book products: experience of sociological research
Authors: Postalovsky A.V.
Published: February 2025

The factors of book acquisition are considered using the tools of
sociological science. A telephone survey in 2024 (sample size – 900
respondents) showed that an important factor influencing the acquisition of book products is the volume of reading practices. According to
the study, people began to read less than 5–10 years ago. In addition,
the trends in the development of the digital space have determined
the popularity of the audiovisual format for familiarization with the
content of the book, due to which the demand for book products on the
market is objectively decreasing.
Domestic literature in the context of book market dynamics (2023–2024)
Authors: Sayko E.A.
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to the problem of promotion of domestic literature in the Russian book industry. In this regard, special attention is
paid to the attitude of readers to the classics of domestic literature and
the results of the analysis of the Russian book market in the period
2023–2024.
A few remarks on the decoration and illustrations of the large Nativity Gospel of the Nativity Cathedral of Suzdal
Authors: Khromov O.R.
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to the decorative design of the Nativity Gospel of the Nativity Cathedral of Suzdal. The ornamental decor in connection with the decoration of the Gospels of the Moscow Kremlin is considered, the differences in the construction of the composition are
revealed. The connection between the decoration of the Suzdal Gospel
and the works of Moscow engravers is pointed out. Some iconographic sources of the Gospel miniatures are identified. The author gives
arguments in favour of the assumption that the Gospel was ordered for
the Nativity Cathedral by St. Hilarion, Metropolitan of Suzdal.
Socio-Cultural Study of Dalit Society in Mulk Raj Anand’s Untouchable
Authors: Mangala Prasad Tiwari  , Dr. Santosh Kumar Mishra
Published: February 2025

Mulk Raj Anand’s novel Untouchable stands as a poignant socio-cultural critique of Dalit society, focusing sharply on the pervasive evils of casteism, hypocrisy, and exploitation. The narrative serves as a powerful indictment of the caste Hindus who perpetuated a system of oppression, using their privileged status to degrade and exploit the outcaste community. Through vivid portrayal, Anand exposes the hypocrisy and debauchery underlying the caste system, particularly highlighting its impact on women who were treated as mere possessions devoid of agency. In this oppressive environment, the Dalits, symbolized by the protagonist Bakha, endure profound suffering and injustice with stoic resignation, their plight exacerbated by a systemic denial of justice. Central to the novel is Bakha, a symbolic embodiment of the Dalit experience, whose aspirations for a more dignified existence reflect a burgeoning desire for social change. His fascination with Western culture and yearning for equality signify the seeds of a nascent renaissance challenging the entrenched dominion of caste Hindus. Untouchable thus emerges not only as a literary work but also as a potent call for societal introspection and reform, compelling its readers to confront the harsh realities of caste-based discrimination and envision a more equitable future.