bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of neovascularization patterns in an orthotopic rat glioma model with dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI
Authors: Xuesong Du , Wei Xue , Heng Liu , Xiao Chen , Shunan Wang , Yu Guo , Weiguo Zhang
Published: December 2016

Background

Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) has been proved useful in evaluating glioma angiogenesis, but the utility in evaluating neovascularization patterns has not been reported.

Purpose

To evaluate in vivo real-time glioma neovascularization patterns by measuring glioma perfusion quantitatively using DCE-MRI.

Material and Methods

Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were used to establish C6 orthotopic glioma model and underwent MRI and pathology detections. As MRI and pathology were performed at six time points (i.e. 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 days) post transplantation, neovascularization patterns were evaluated via DCE-MRI.

Results

Four neovascularization patterns were observed in glioma tissues. Sprout angiogenesis and intussusceptive microvascular growth located inside tumor, while vascular co-option and vascular mimicry were found in the tumor margin and necrotic area, respectively. Sprout angiogenesis and intussusceptive microvascular growth increased with Ktrans, Kep, and Vp inside tumor tissue. In addition, Kep and Vp were positively correlated with sprout angiogenesis and intussusceptive microvascular growth. Vascular co-option was decreased at 12 and 16 days post transplantation and correlated negatively with Ktrans and Kep detected in the glioma margin, respectively. Changes of vascular mimicry showed no significant statistical difference at the six time points.

Conclusion

Our results indicate that DCE-MRI can evaluate neovascularization patterns in a glioma model. Furthermore, DCE-MRI could be an imaging biomarker for guidance of antiangiogenic treatments in humans in the future.
Internal comparison standard for abdominal diffusion-weighted imaging
Authors: Koc Zafer , Erbay Gurcan , Karadeli Elif
Published: December 2016

Background

Standards for abdominal diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements, and analysis are required for reproducibility.

Purpose

To identify optimal internal comparison standards for DWI to normalize the measured ADC for increased accuracy of differentiating malignant and benign abdominal lesions.

Material and Methods

We retrospectively studied 97 lesions (89 patients; age, 57 ± 13 years) with histopathologically confirmed abdominal disease. Seven normal body parts/contents (normal parenchyma, spleen, kidney, gallbladder bile, paraspinal muscle, spinal cord, and cerebrospinal fluid [CSF]) were assessed as internal references for possible use as comparison standards. Three observers performed ADC measurements. Statistical analyses included interclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests, and coefficient of variation (CV). ROC analyses were performed to assess diagnostic accuracy of lesion ADC and normalized ADC for differentiating lesions. Pathology results were the reference standard.

Results

Mean and normalized ADCs were significantly lower for malignant lesions than for benign lesions ( P < 0.001). ICC was excellent for all internal references. Gallbladder had the lowest CV. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses showed that normalized ADCs obtained using normal parenchyma were better than lesion ADCs for differentiating malignant and benign abdominal lesions (area under the curve [AUC], 0.808 and 0.756, respectively). The normalized ADCs obtained using CSF shows higher accuracy than lesion ADCs (0.80 and 0.76, respectively) for differentiating between malignant and benign abdominal lesions.

Conclusion

The normal parenchyma from a lesion-detected organ can be used as an internal comparison standard for DWI. CSF can be used as a generalizable in plane reference standard.
Visual Discomfort From Flash Afterimages of Riloid Patterns
Authors: O’Hare Louise
Published: December 2016

Op-art-based stimuli have been shown to be uncomfortable, possibly due to a combination of fixational eye movements (microsaccades) and excessive cortical responses. Efforts have been made to measure illusory phenomena arising from these stimuli in the absence of microsaccades, but there has been no attempt thus far to decouple the effects of the cortical response from the effect of fixational eye movements. This study uses flash afterimages to stabilise the image on the retina and thus reduce the systematic effect of eye movements, in order to investigate the role of the brain in discomfort from op-art-based stimuli. There was a relationship between spatial frequency and the magnitude of the P300 response, showing a similar pattern to that of discomfort judgements, which suggests that there might be a role of discomfort and excessive neural responses independently from the effects of microsaccades.
Sea level and the carbonate sand factory of South Australia
Authors: Ollier Cliff
Published: December 2016

Stable parts of the South Australia coast show that the last interglacial sea level was 2 m higher than present, but elsewhere there has been relative subsidence up to 7 m and uplift of 18 m. Estimates of changing sea level, and future projections, should state the time period involved and the tectonic background to be of any use. The coast contains ‘carbonate sand factories’ where organisms produce vast amounts of sand by fixing carbon dioxide as carbonates. Far from dissolving carbonate by acidification, carbon dioxide is an essential part of carbonate production and the continued maintenance and growth of coasts and reefs. Government policies to adapt renewable energy are unlikely to affect the system.
Piezoelectric vibration energy harvester with two-stage force amplification
Authors: Wang Lirong , Chen Shubin , Zhou Wanlu , Xu Tian-Bing , Zuo Lei
Published: December 2016

A novel portable energy harvester using 3-3 mode piezoelectric stack with two-stage force amplification is proposed. It can obtain 21 times force amplification with 18% energy transmission ratio and generate electrical energy up to 79 times more than one piezoelectric ceramic of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) stack. Dynamic experiments demonstrate that the harvester with one-and two-stage force amplification can generate the maximum electrical power of 74.9 mW/g2 from one PZT stack at resonance frequency 235 Hz with matching resistance of 268 Ohms and 2642 mW/g2 from three PZT stacks at resonance frequency 37 Hz with match resistance of 1722 Ohm under 100 g proof mass and 0.1 g acceleration. Theoretical electromechanical modeling is established to reveal the working mechanism of force amplification and to predict electricity generation. Comparison of the predicted electricity with experimental results verified effectiveness of electromechanical modeling and optimization design methodology with consideration of tradeoff among force magnification ratio, energy transmission efficiency, and maximum stress. This piezoelectric energy harvester using two-stage force amplification can not only significantly improve power generation but also reduce the resonance frequency Moreover, the resonance frequency can also be adjusted by adjusting the mass load, by which a two-stage energy harvester can be applied to meet requirements of various bandwidths in low-frequency range.
Piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting: A connection configuration scheme to increase operational range and output power
Authors: Du Sijun , Jia Yu , Seshia Ashwin A
Published: December 2016

For a conventional monolithic piezoelectric transducer (PT) using a full-bridge rectifier, there is a threshold voltage that the open-circuit voltage measured across the PT must attain prior to any transfer of energy to the storage capacitor at the output of the rectifier. This threshold voltage usually depends on the voltage of the storage capacitor and the forward voltage drop of diodes. This article presents a scheme of splitting the electrode of a monolithic piezoelectric vibration energy harvester into multiple ( n) equal regions connected in series in order to provide a wider operating voltage range and higher output power while using a full-bridge rectifier as the interface circuit. The performance of different series stage numbers has been theoretically studied and experimentally validated. The number of series stages ([Formula: see text]) can be predefined for a particular implementation, which depends on the specified operating conditions, to achieve optimal performance. This enables the system to attain comparable performance compared to active interface circuits under an increased input range while no additional active circuits are required and the system is comparatively less affected by synchronized switching damping effect.
A Mosquito in the Classroom
Authors: Audebrand Luc K. , Camus Annie , Michaud Valérie
Published: December 2016

Although the paradox perspective is gaining increasing attention among management scholars, most of us continue to struggle with addressing this challenging topic in the classroom, as it seems out of reach for many students. In this article, we describe a potentially beneficial way to approach paradoxical thinking in management education: teaching the cooperative business model. Cooperatives are user-owned, user-controlled, and user-benefitting enterprises that operate in the world’s most competitive economies and sectors of activity, demonstrating strong resilience in periods of turbulence and crisis. We argue that, despite the absence of the cooperative business model in mainstream management textbooks and curricula, this model can offer a high pedagogical value for management education in that it can foster paradoxical thinking. To support this claim, we first demonstrate how the cooperative business model is characterized by inherent paradoxes that are more salient and inescapable than they might be in conventional corporations, thus generating tension-filled material for student engagement. Second, we share experiential pedagogical tools and suggest potential learning outcomes. Finally, we discuss some practical implications for integrating cooperatives and other alternative organizations in mainstream management education curricula to help develop paradoxical thinking.
Surface quality evaluation of AISI 4340 steel having varying hardness during machining with TiN-coated CBN inserts
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev , Singh Dilbag , Kalsi Nirmal Singh
Published: December 2016

Trends of turning hardened steel are increasing in manufacturing industries because it offers many significant benefits over grinding. One of the main advantages is attaining better surface quality along with high dimensional accuracy. However, during hard turning the friction between tool and workpiece is very high, which results in early tool wear that leads to decrease in surface quality and dimensional accuracy of the finished products. The coating on cutting tool plays a vital role in enhancing wear resistance. Therefore, the aim of this research work is to investigate the surface quality during machining hardened AISI 4340 steel with TiN-coated CBN tools. The process variables selected during experimentation are tool nose radius, workpiece hardness, cutting speed and feed rate. The machining is carried out in dry conditions. The second-order mathematical model of surface roughness has been developed using regression analysis. The significance of the model and influence of the process parameters have been carried out using analysis of variance technique. Results indicate that performance of TiN-coated CBN tools is superior when compared to uncoated CBN tools during machining of hardened AISI 4340 steel.
Umberto Eco’s notions of the ‘open work’ and the ‘field of possibilities’: New perspectives on music therapy and co-creation?
Authors: Stensæth Karette , Eide Ingelill B
Published: December 2016

Umberto Eco’s ideas and philosophy have proven to be a profound inspiration to the research team dedicated to the recently completed qualitative interdisciplinary research project ‘RHYME: rhythm & rhyme; co-creation through tangible interaction’, in which both of the present authors participated. The idea of RHYME is that ordinary objects in the home environment – a pillow, carpet or toy, for example – if they should become both musical and interactive, might afford meaningful, joyful and even health-promoting moments of co-creation in the everyday lives of families with a child with disabilities. This article develops the central RHYME notion of co-creation further by introducing it to music therapy. From our experiences with interactive and musical media from RHYME, and inspired by Eco and his notions of ‘open works’ and ‘fields of possibilities’, we have developed an understanding of music therapy as a configuration of possible events or interactive structural forces. Music, then, becomes one of many possible media in music therapy. Through a reflective synthesis which also includes the discussion of empirical RHYME data, we will address the following research question: Can Eco’s notions contribute something new to our understanding of co-creation in music therapy, and, if so, what and how?
Interviewing, social work, and Chicago sociology in the 1920s
Authors: Lee Raymond M
Published: December 2016

The paper examines the work of groups established by chapters of the American Association of Social Workers in the 1920s to develop a systematic and empirically based understanding of the interactional dynamics of the interview in social casework. Now largely forgotten, this work had influence beyond social work. The paper goes on to explore the call by the Chicago sociologist Ernest Burgess to use the ‘verbatim interview’ as a focus of common interest by sociologists and social workers.
Amino terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide predicts all-cause mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Pavasini Rita , Tavazzi Guido , Biscaglia Simone , Guerra Federico , Pecoraro Alessandro , Zaraket Fatima , Gallo Francesco , Spitaleri Giosafat , Contoli Marco , Ferrari Roberto , Campo Gianluca
Published: December 2016

Natriuretic peptides (NPs) are a family of prognostic biomarkers in patients with heart failure (HF). HF is one of the most frequent comorbidities in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the prognostic role of NP in COPD patients remains unclear. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the relation between NP and all-cause mortality in COPD patients. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies assessing prognostic implications of elevated NP levels on all-cause mortality in COPD patients. Nine studies were considered for qualitative analysis for a total of 2788 patients. Only two studies focused on Mid Regional-pro Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (MR-proANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), respectively, but seven studies focused on pro-BNP (NT-proBNP) and were included in the quantitative analysis. Elevated NT-proBNP values were related to increased risk of all-cause mortality in COPD patients both with and without exacerbation (hazard ratio (HR): 2.87, p < 0.0001 and HR: 3.34, p = 0.04, respectively). The results were confirmed also after meta-regression analysis for confounding factors (previous cardiovascular history, hypertension, HF, forced expiratory volume at 1 second and mean age). NT-proBNP may be considered a reliable predictive biomarker of poor prognosis in patients with COPD.
Comparative study on the redundancy of mobile single- and dual-arm robots
Authors: Wang Hongxing , Li Ruifeng , Gao Yunfeng , Cao Chuqing , Ge Lianzheng
Published: December 2016

A whole resolved motion rate control algorithm designed for mobile dual-arm redundant robots is presented in this article. Based on this algorithm, the end-effector movements of the dual arms of the mobile dual-arm redundant robot can be decomposed into the movements of the two driving wheels of the differential driving platform and the movements of the dual-arm each joint of this robot harmoniously. The influence of the redundancies of the single- and dual-arm robots on the operation based on the fixed- and differential-driving platforms, which are then based on the whole resolved motion rate control algorithm, is studied after building their motion models. Some comparisons are made to show the advantages of this algorithm on the entire modeling of the complicated robotic system and the influences of the redundancy. First, the comparison of the simulation results between the fixed single-arm robot and the mobile single-arm robot is presented. Second, a comparison of the simulation results between the mobile single-arm robot and the mobile dual-arm robots is shown. Compared with the mobile single-arm robot and the fixed dual-arm robot based on this algorithm, the mobile dual-arm robot has more redundancy and can simultaneously track and operate different objects. Moreover, the mobile dual-arm redundant robot has better smoothness, more flexibility, larger operational space, and more harmonious cooperation between the two arms and the differential driving platform during the entire mobile operational process.
Species Richness and Distribution of Primates in Disturbed and Converted Forest Landscapes in Northern Borneo
Authors: Bernard Henry , Bili Rayner , Matsuda Ikki , Hanya Goro , Wearn Oliver R. , Wong Anna , Ahmad Abdul Hamid
Published: December 2016

Knowledge of fundamental aspects of ecology such as species richness and distribution, and the factors affecting them, is increasingly used to identify priority areas for conservation and to effectively manage threatened species. We investigated the species richness and distribution pattern of nonhuman primate communities inhabiting 10 sampling sites in four different habitat classes corresponding to increasing habitat disturbance level, that is, old growth forest, twice logged forest, repeatedly logged forest, and oil palm plantation, in and around Kalabakan Forest Reserve, in central Sabah, Malaysian Borneo. By using direct and indirect survey methods, we confirmed the existence of 9 out of the total 10 primate species, found in Sabah, within the surveyed areas. Based on the monthly number of primate species detected, our results indicated a general trend of decreasing primate species richness with increasing habitat disturbance level. However, the response within the disturbed forest sites showed some variations with some sites in repeatedly logged forest displaying comparable primate species number to that of the undisturbed forest sites. We also found that within the forest habitats, tree density is a good predictor of the richness of the primate community with a positive effect. Hence, tree density may be a key indicator for evaluating primate communities in forest habitats. Overall, the results of our study suggest that although not equivalent to areas of undisturbed forest, degraded forests—including those that have been repeatedly logged—are still valuable for primate conservation. In contrast, oil palm plantations have mainly negative effects on the primate community.
Surgical Repair of Congenital Left Atrial Aneurysm and Mitral Valve Insufficiency in a Four-Year-Old Child
Authors: Sarioglu C. Tayyar , Turkekul Yasemin , Arnaz Ahmet , Sisli Emrah , Yalcinbas Yusuf Kenan , Sarioglu Ayse
Published: December 2016

Left atrial aneurysm is an extremely rare anomaly, which can be associated with supraventricular arrhythmia, compression of coronary arteries, intracardiac thrombus, life-threatening systemic embolization, pulmonary venous obstruction, mitral valve insufficiency, and congestive heart failure. Herein, we report a four-year-old boy who had a giant aneurysm of the left atrium and severe mitral regurgitation. The aneurysm and mitral valve cleft causing severe mitral regurgitation were successfully repaired.
Equality of Opportunity: Theory and Measurement
Authors: Roemer John E. , Trannoy Alain
Published: December 2016

During the last third of the twentieth century, political philosophers actively debated about the content of distributive justice; the ruling ethical view of utilitarianism was challenged by various versions of equality of opportunities. Economists formulated several ways of modeling these ideas, focusing upon how individuals are placed with respect to opportunities for achieving various outcomes, and what compensation is due to individuals with truncated opportunities. After presenting a review of the main philosophical ideas (section 2), we turn to economic models (sections 3 and 4). We propose a reformulation of the definition of economic development, replacing the utilitarian measure of GDP per capita with a measure of the degree to which opportunities for income acquisition in a nation have been equalized. Finally, we discuss issues that the econometrician faces in measuring inequality of opportunity, briefly review the empirical literature (section 6), and conclude (section 7). (JEL C43, D63, D70, I24)
Ontology, Methodological Individualism, and the Foundations of the Social Sciences
Authors: Sugden Robert
Published: December 2016

This is a review essay based on a critical assessment of The Ant Trap: Rebuilding the Foundations of the Social Sciences by Brian Epstein. Epstein argues that models in the social sciences are inadequate because they are based on a false ontology of methodological individualism, and proposes a new model of social ontology. I examine this model and point to flaws in it. More generally, I argue against Epstein's methodological approach, which treats social ontology as prior to social scientific modeling and as certifying the “building blocks” that modelers then use. I argue that modelers can legitimately shape the building blocks for their own models. (JEL A10, B40)
Male Is a Gender, Too: A Review of Why Gender Matters in Economics by Mukesh Eswaran
Authors: Nelson Julie A.
Published: December 2016

Mukesh Eswaran's Why Gender Matters in Economics presents a generally well-researched review of the literature on women and economics, and admirably attempts take a global perspective. Eswaran's analysis is compromised, however, by an unreflective use of perspectives and methods that themselves, when seen in a broader perspective, reflect gendered biases. With particular reference to Eswaran's discussions of gender differences in preferences, the preferential treatment of groups, and work/family issues, this essay outlines how these biases arise, and how economic analysis must change if it is to become more rigorous. (JEL A11, B54, D12, J16)
Por que é tão necessário o fortalecimento da competitividade industrial do Brasil? E qual é o papel da produtividade e da capacidade tecnológica inovadora?
Authors: Pinheiro Maurício Canêdo , Figueiredo Paulo N.
Published: December 2016

Este documento é um dos produtos do projeto intitulado “Acumulação de Capacidades Tecnológicas e Fortalecimento da Competitividade Industrial no Brasil: Análise Empírica e Recomendações Práticas para Políticas Públicas e Estratégias Empresariais”2. Esse projeto está sendo executado no âmbito do Programa de Pesquisa Aprendizagem Tecnológica e Inovação Industrial da Fundação Getulio Vargas. O seu principal objetivo é examinar como a acumulação de capacidades tecnológicas inovadoras, em nível de empresas e setores industriais, pode contribuir para fortalecer a competitividade industrial do Brasil. Além disso, busca-se também compreender que fatores – internos e externos às empresas – influenciam na acumulação dessas capacidades, bem como quais são seus efeitos sobre o desempenho das empresas (e setores industriais).
Οι καταλήψεις των σχολείων από τους μαθητές ως μορφή πολιτικής διαμαρτυρίας: εμπειρική προσέγγιση σε γενικά λύκεια της Κεντρικής Μακεδονίας
Authors: Papaeconomou Anthony
Published: December 2016

Στην εργασία αυτή παρουσιάζεται μια έρευνα με ερωτηματολόγιο σε 991 μαθητές Γενικών Λυκείων της Κεντρικής Μακεδονίας σχετικά με τις καταλήψεις των σχολείων<a title="" href="file:///L:/%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%BF%CE%B9/%CE%A4%CE%B5%CF%8D%CF%87%CE%BF%CF%82%202%CE%BF/%CE%A4%CE%95%CE%9B%CE%99%CE%9A%CE%91%20%CE%9A%CE%95%CE%99%CE%9C%CE%95%CE%9D%CE%91/Greek/11.%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%85.docx#_ftn1">[1]. Στην εισαγωγή γίνεται αναφορά στην πολιτική κοινωνικοποίηση των μαθητών και στη σύνδεση της εν λόγω πολιτικοποίησης τους με την επιλογή της κατάληψης του σχολείου ως μορφής μη συμβατικής πολιτικοποιημένης διαμαρτυρίας. Στόχος της έρευνας είναι η διερεύνηση των λόγων που υποκινούν τους μαθητές Λυκείων να διαμαρτύρονται με τον καθιερωμένο αυτόν τρόπο πολιτικής διαμαρτυρίας. Παράλληλα αναζητήθηκαν παράγοντες που επηρεάζουν τις επιλογές των μαθητών όπως το φύλο, η τάξη στην οποία ανήκουν και το μορφωτικό επίπεδο των γονέων. Χρησιμοποιήθηκε ερωτηματολόγιο το οποίο συμπλήρωσαν μαθητές Λυκείου από σχολεία των νομών Κατερίνης και Θεσσαλονίκης. Αναλύθηκαν τρεις αιτίες οι οποίες υποθετικά συνδέονται με τις καταλήψεις των σχολείων: αιτήματα για βελτίωση της καθημερινότητάς τους, πολιτικοί και ιδεολογικοί λόγοι και εξωτερικοί λόγοι που δεν σχετίζονται με τη σχολική ζωή. Το σημαντικότερο εύρημα της έρευνας είναι το γεγονός ότι οι καταλήψεις δεν υποκινούνται τόσο από ιδεολογικά κριτήρια αλλά είναι μία προσπάθεια των μαθητών να ευαισθητοποιήσουν την κοινή γνώμη για τα καθημερινά τους προβλήματα. Επίσης διαφοροποιήσεις παρατηρήθηκαν ανάμεσα στα φύλα των μαθητών, με τα κορίτσια να παρουσιάζονται πιο συνειδητοποιημένα από τα αγόρια.

<a title="" href="file:///L:/%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%BF%CE%B9/%CE%A4%CE%B5%CF%8D%CF%87%CE%BF%CF%82%202%CE%BF/%CE%A4%CE%95%CE%9B%CE%99%CE%9A%CE%91%20%CE%9A%CE%95%CE%99%CE%9C%CE%95%CE%9D%CE%91/Greek/11.%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%85.docx#_ftnref1">[1] Η έρευνα αυτή εκπονήθηκε στο πλαίσιο μιας μεταδιδακτορικής έρευνας στο Τμήμα Πολιτικών Επιστημών του ΑΠΘ.
Το Πρόγραμμα TOCSIN: διαστάσεις και επιπτώσεις της οικονομικής κρίσης στην πρωτοβάθμια εκπαίδευση
Authors: Kakana Domna , Garagouni-Areou Fotini , Theodosiou Sevasti , Manoli Polyxeni , Mavidou Anastasia , Roussi-Vergou Christina , Chatzopoulou Katifenia , Αndroussou Αlexandra , Avgitidou Sofia , Tsafos Vassilis
Published: December 2016

Σύμφωνα με τη Eurostat (2014) περισσότερο από το ένα τρίτο (1/3) του ελληνικού πληθυσμού βρίσκεται κάτω από το όριο της φτώχειας. Η παρούσα έρευνα υλοποιήθηκε στο πλαίσιο των δράσεων του προγράμματος TOCSIN (βλ. www.tocsin.uth.gr) με την υποστήριξη του Χρηματοδοτικού Μηχανισμού του ΕΟΧ (ΓΓΕΤ – ΧΜ ΕΟΧ), με στόχο τη μελέτη των απόψεων και των αναπαραστάσεων των εκπαιδευτικών σχετικά με τις συνέπειες της ολοένα αυξανόμενης οικονομικής κρίσης σε ευάλωτους πληθυσμούς της πρώιμης σχολικής και προσχολικής ηλικίας. Στην έρευνα συμμετείχαν 316 διευθυντές και προϊστάμενοι δημοτικών και νηπιαγωγείων, κυρίως από τους Νομούς Αττικής, Θεσσαλονίκης και Μαγνησίας, οι οποίοι συμπλήρωσαν ηλεκτρονικά ένα ερωτηματολόγιο ειδικά κατασκευασμένο για τους σκοπούς της έρευνας. Τα στοιχεία της έρευνας αφορούν συνολικά σε 20.155 μαθητές, 5.688 της προσχολικής εκπαίδευσης και 15.070 των τριών πρώτων τάξεων του δημοτικού. Η έρευνα έδειξε ότι αυτό που επλήγη περισσότερο είναι η συμμετοχή των παιδιών σε σχολικές δραστηριότητες, όπως οι εκδρομές και άλλες εκπαιδευτικές και ψυχαγωγικές δράσεις, ενώ οι περισσότεροι από τους μισούς εκπαιδευτικούς ανέφεραν προβλήματα στη σίτιση, ένδυση και υπόδηση των μαθητών. Η μείωση της γραφικής ύλης και των υλικών που απαιτούνται από τους μαθητές, τα προγράμματα συναισθηματικής υποστήριξης των μαθητών καθώς και η επικοινωνία-συνεργασία με άλλους φορείς, αποτελούν τις πιο συχνά επιλεγόμενες στρατηγικές από τα σχολεία για την υποστήριξη του μαθητικού πληθυσμού τους, σύμφωνα με τους εκπαιδευτικούς.
Το παιδικό παιχνίδι σε έναν κόσμο που αλλάζει: Εισαγωγικό σημείωμα
Authors: Birbili Maria
Published: December 2016

Το παιδικό παιχνίδι σε έναν κόσμο που αλλάζει: Εισαγωγικό σημείωμα
The Impact of Public Policy on Industrial Clustering Economic Security
Authors: Смирнов  , Smirnov Evgeny , Юсим  , Yusim Vyacheslav , Блинкова  , Blinkova D.
Published: December 2016

The article analyzes the influence on the state economic security policies implemented by the clustering of industry. In this work it was evaluated the efficiency of clusters. The evaluation was conducted in terms of economic, social and technological efficiency. Proposed and evaluated the effectiveness of development of subjects of the Russian Federation from positions of the theory of economic-technological systems. The proposed criterion allows to link the technological capacity of territories with the level of gross regional product and economic security of the region and ensures the consistent development of longand short-term period of the state, business structures and people. The use of this criterion will allow us to move to a managed economy
Graduated Compression Hosiery
Authors: Moffett C. , O'Hare L
Published: December 2016

Graduated compression hosiery is used for several clinical conditions related to venous insufficiency and lymphoedema. In the management of venous ulceration, graduated compression hosiery is regarded as an essential component of prevention of ulcer recurrence. Occasionally it is used for ulcer healing. It is also used prophylactically in the prevention of deep vein thrombosis1.
Managing Leg Ulcers
Authors: Nelson E.A.
Published: December 2016

Thorough, systematic and accurate assessment of the patient, identification of the underlying cause of ulcer and any local problems at the wound site are prerequisites to planning appropriate care and to preventing avoidable delays in healing1. On the following pages two decision-making algorithms are illustrated; one for use in differential diagnosis (Figure 1), the other (Figure 2) for choosing appropriate treatment regimens for venous leg ulcers2.
Foot Ulcer Management
Authors: Baker N.R.
Published: December 2016

It has been suggested that 45% of lower limb amputations occur in patients with diabetes1. Yet, in areas where there are specialist diabetic foot clinics, amputation rates fall. This was initially demonstrated by Edmonds et al2 and is now becoming the experience of many such clinics around the UK. The successful management of foot ulcers is dependent upon a multidisciplinary team approach, which must include both nuclear and peripheral health-care professionals, utilising a wide range of experience, skills and resources.
Managing Wound Infection
Authors: Harding K.G.
Published: December 2016

Clinicians face many dilemmas when working with infected and non-healing wounds and there is still considerable debate as to what the aim of treating such patients should be. Should it be to eradicate specific pathogenic organisms? Or should it be to reduce the bacterial burden present in or on wounds?
The Isolation and Identification of Bacteria from Wounds
Authors: Cooper R. , Lawrence J.C.
Published: December 2016

Wound specimens can be processed in the laboratory in a number of different ways. Routine investigations aim to identify all potential pathogens; a generalised scheme for the procedure is shown in Fig 1.
La clonación humana en la legislación internacional: un análisis desde la lingüística sistémico-funcional
Authors: Calise Santiago Gabriel
Published: December 2016

El siguiente trabajo se propone analizar la legislación sobre la clonación humana en algunos países en sus diferentes variantes. El objetivo no será examinar el mero contenido de los textos desde el punto de sus argumentos bioéticos, filosóficos o sociológicos, sino que se propone un análisis lingüístico a la luz de la lingüística sistémico-funcional desarrollada por Halliday. En este sentido, se tomarán bajo examen algunos de los componentes que conforman los tres niveles de significación que presenta un texto: los significados experienciales, los interpersonales y los textuales. A través de este abordaje se pretende iluminar la relación entre las selecciones semánticas y las léxico-gramaticales, particularmente obviadas en el debate de estas temáticas. Por medio de estos procedimientos, finalmente, se buscará reinterpretar la función social que cumplen estos textos.
La seducción de las lenguas y los jóvenes (2ª parte): estudio sobre mudas lingüísticas y neohablantes
Authors: Casesnoves Ferrer Raquel
Published: December 2016

Recientemente en el mundo académico se ha difundido y popularizado la noción de neohablantes. Hace algunos años estudiamos el poder de atracción que el valenciano, en proceso de normalización desde la década de los 80 del siglo pasado, y el castellano, ejercían sobre los jóvenes valencianos. En este artículo nos proponemos, además de contribuir a difundir los últimos datos procedentes de encuestas y censos lingüísticos que no han sido ampliamente publicados, retomar el tema de la seducción del valenciano para averiguar la posible influencia de la edad, además del lugar de nacimiento (y residencia). Los resultados muestran el retroceso imparable del valenciano entre la sociedad valenciana por una parte y, por otra, la importancia de la zona de residencia en las mudas lingüísticas de los jóvenes.
Estrategias lingüísticas en el interrogatorio judicial español: una aproximación pragmalingüística
Authors: Cervera Rodríguez Ángel , Torres Álvarez José
Published: December 2016

En este artículo se muestra la importancia que tiene la pragmática tanto en la formulación como en el análisis de las preguntas durante los interrogatorios judiciales, pues proporciona al abogado mayores oportunidades para ganar el pleito y al ciudadano una nueva vía para entender mejor el acto judicial. Para ello, se han analizado dos corpus de juicios orales celebrados en Almería y en Barcelona desde el punto de vista fónico, gramatical y pragmático. Asimismo, se ha procedido a la comparación de las fórmulas empleadas –sobre todo, interrogativas y enunciativas de orientación apelativa– en las que se constata el carácter esencial de la pragmática.
Bases teóricas para un estudio transcultural y variacionista de la (des)cortesía
Authors: Fernández García Francisco
Published: December 2016

En el marco del imparable crecimiento de las investigaciones sobre la (des)cortesía durante las últimas décadas, este trabajo presenta una discusión teórica que se propone sentar las bases para la investigación de tal fenómeno desde un enfoque transcultural y variacionista. Con este fin, se discuten a) el papel de lo convencional y lo contextual en la configuración de la (des)cortesía, b) la incidencia de los factores de naturaleza cultural, social y situacional, c) el modo en que la conceptualización de lo (des)cortés como una conjunción de estrategias y mecanismos puede esclarecer su comprensión, y d) el marco teórico, en lo que a las teorías sobre la (des)cortesía respecta, más adecuado para el análisis.
¿Dos verbos llegar en español?
Authors: López García Fernando
Published: December 2016

Nuestro objetivo es demostrar que en español el verbo llegar posee dos interpretaciones en función del Aspecto de los predicados en los que aparece: inacusativa combinado con sujetos no volitivos e inergativa combinado con sujetos volitivos. Primero esbozaremos el fenómeno de la Inacusatividad y describiremos los grupos VCE y VEA. A continuación, propondremos una justificada reducción del grupo de los VM a cuatro verbos semántico-cognitivamente primitivos, entre los que se encuentra llegar, para finalmente exponer las pruebas que sustentan sus dos posibles interpretaciones.
Sobre la aplicación de los criterios de análisis de colocaciones verbo + sustantivoCD a materiales históricos
Authors: Martos García Paula
Published: December 2016

Las colocaciones constituyen un tipo de combinación léxica cuyo estudio ha alcanzado una difusión importante en los últimos años. Dado que estas estructuras han sido investigadas primordialmente a partir de materiales sincrónicos, este trabajo se propone comprobar si los criterios establecidos para reconocer y analizar colocaciones pueden ser adaptados a textos históricos. Así, tras un estudio exhaustivo de la bibliografía y centrándonos en las colocaciones verbo + sustantivo en función de objeto directo, aplicamos las pautas que hemos extraído a materiales del Reino cristiano de Granada. A partir del estudio de nuestro corpus, evaluamos la conveniencia de aplicar los citados criterios a textos diacrónicos.
RELAÇÃO DOS FATORES COMPORTAMENTAIS NOS MÉTODOS DE CONTABILIDADE GERENCIAL NOS HOTÉIS DE SANTA CATARINA
Authors: Sant’ Ana Camila Freitas , Santos Cleston Alexandre dos , Cunha Paulo Roberto da
Published: December 2016

Fatores comportamentais podem evidenciar como os gestores absorvem informações e como utilizam os métodos de contabilidade gerencial na condução de suas decisões organizacionais na atividade hoteleira. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é verificar a relação entre os fatores comportamentais e a utilização dos métodos de contabilidade gerencial nos hotéis de Santa Catarina. O método de pesquisa utilizado caracteriza-se como descritivo, quantitativo, realizado por meio de pesquisa survey. A amostra foi composta por 32 gerentes de hotéis de Santa Catarina, selecionados com base na população de 149 hotéis vinculados a Associação Brasileira da Indústria de Hotéis do Estado de Santa Catarina (ABIH-SC). Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatísticas descritivas e correlação canônica. Os resultados evidenciaram que os respondentes dos hotéis investigados apresentam-se principalmente com fatores comportamentais voltados a uma visão com maior grau explorador em relação ao nível de Abertura, maior grau de flexibilidade em relação a Consciência, maior grau de Extroversão em se tratando da Extroversão, maior grau de parceria no que tange a Sociabilidade e Agradabilidade e maior grau de reatividade em relação ao Neuroticismo. Por fim, foi constatado que os fatores comportamentais identificados influenciam na utilização dos métodos de contabilidade gerencial nas organizações hoteleiras de Santa Catarina, com evidenciação de alta correlação entre as variáveis analisadas.
O GUIA DE TURISMO: UMA ABORDAGEM LEGAL SOBRE UMA PROFISSÃO NO BRASIL
Authors: Zettermann Gabriel Dunchatt , Vergara Lizandra Garcia Lupi
Published: December 2016

Pela escassez de estudos publicados referentes à relação do guia de turismo e a legislação brasileira, o objetivo desse estudo foi de identificar, por meio de uma abordagem legal, a situação do guia de turismo no Brasil. Buscando nas legislações relacionadas à profissão, preenchimento de lacunas sobre questões legais referentes aos seus direitos ou a inexistência deles. Refere-se a um estudo exploratório, por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Como resultado, o guia de turismo é reconhecido e regulamentado na legislação brasileira, determinando direitos, deveres e obrigações em normas fundamentais, supralegais, ordinárias, regulamentadoras e infralegais (coletivas e individuais). Pelo qual, possibilita uma liberdade de escolha sobre a sua relação de trabalho, influenciando nas questões referentes sobre seus direitos trabalhistas.
The association between social factors and body length proportions in Polish schoolchildren from Lower Silesia
Authors: Kozieł Sławomir , Gomula Aleksandra , Nowak-Szczepańska Natalia
Published: December 2016

Many studies worldwide have shown that social factors are significantly associated with growth in childhood. However, very few researchers studied influence of social factors on body length proportions. The aim of the present study was the assessment how urbanization level, sibship size and parental education may affect body length proportions in schoolchildren. 325 boys and 335 girls aged 7-18 years were measured in schools in Wrocław, two small towns and villages around these towns. Height, sitting height, leg length , and lower leg length were measured in all children, then relative lengths (in relation to height) were calculated: leg, femur, lower leg, estimated leg and lower leg length to leg length ratio. Height was standardized on age using LMS parameters for CDC 2002 year cohort. Other indices were standardized on age by using residuals variance derived from linear regressions. Four-way analysis of variance was used for height and each index, where independent variables were four social factors. Except for father’s education in boys, no other social factor was significant associated with height. Urbanization level significantly differed almost all indices, whereas father’s education level was significantly associated with relative leg length in girls and estimated leg length in both sexes. Our study has shown that the segments of lower limb seems to be more sensitive than height to the effect of social factors. In Lower Silesia, the level of urbanization is still related to differences in environmental conditions, enough to significantly affect growth of children, especially within the segments of lower limbs.
Housing Concept and Analysis of Housing Classification
Authors: Henilane Inita
Published: December 2016

Housing is one of the most important life components giving shelter, safety and warmth, as well as providing a place to rest. There is a lack of unified definition for housing concept in Latvia. The aim of the study is to define the housing concept in general in Latvia and develop proposals for the classification of housing. Principal objectives are to describe and analyse the concept of “housing” and to develop the definition of housing concept in general that could be used in housing policy in Latvia for developing housing classification and analysing the aims of the housing policy. Analytical research method and comparative research method was used. The results and principal conclusions are: The developed definition of the term “housing” and the housing classification could be used in developing and implementing the housing policy as well as for statistics in Latvia and in other EU countries.
Clostridium botulinumSpores Found in Honey from Small Apiaries in Poland
Authors: Wojtacka Joanna , Wysok Beata , Lipiński Zbigniew , Gomółka-Pawlicka Małgorzata , Rybak-Chmielewska Helena , Wiszniewska-Łaszczych Agnieszka
Published: December 2016

A total of 102 honey samples collected from small apiaries (≤ 20 hives) in Poland were analysed for the presence ofClostridium botulinumspores. The samples were prepared using the dilution centrifugation method and cultured in parallel in cooked meat medium (CMM) and tripticase peptone glucose yeast (TPGY) enrichment broths. Identification of toxin types A, B, and E ofClostridium botulinumstrains was performed with the use of the multiplex PCR method. Positive samples were also subjected to quantitative analysis with the use ofClostridium botulinumIsolation Agar Base (CBAB). The prevalence analysis showed 22 (21.6%) samples contaminated withC. botulinumspores. The major serotype detected was botulin neurotoxin type A – 16 (72.7%) whereas type B was found in 3 (13.6%) honey samples and type E also only in 3 (13.6%) honey samples. Dual-toxin-producing strains were noted. The average quantity of spores in PCR -C. botulinumpositive samples was 190 in 1 gram of honey.
Suitability of Starch Syrups for Winter Feeding of Honeybee Colonies
Authors: Semkiw Piotr , Skubida Piotr
Published: December 2016

Three different starch syrups available on the Polish market for winter feeding of bees were evaluated for two consecutive beekeeping seasons (2012/2013 and 2013/2014). Sugar syrup and inverted sucrose syrup were used as the control. Winter feeding was conducted at two times: earlier and later in the season. After supplementation of winter feeding was stopped, we measured colony strength (number of combs covered by bees) and brood area. After overwintering (spring 2013 and 2014), we estimated the influence of these foods on: bee mortality during overwintering (number of dead bees in winter debris), food consumption, colony strength and brood area in spring (two measurements in three-week intervals), development dynamics and honey yield from spring flow. An analysis of the results for the parameters assessed before overwintering, after its end and during spring development did not show significant differences between bee colonies fed with different types of food. No relevant difficulties concerning food crystallisation were encountered. The analysed syrups turned out to be as suitable for winter feeding of bees as sugar and inverted sucrose syrups.
Not the Honey Bee (Apis mellifera L.) Queen, but the Drone Determines the Termination of the Nuptial Flight and the Onset of Oviposition - The Polemics, Abnegations, Corrections and Supplements
Authors: Woyke Jerzy
Published: December 2016

This paper emphasizes the topics concerning honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) mating biology, which have not been described in the recently published book of Koeniger et al. (2014). At the beginning of natural mating, the drone becomes paralyzed. However, the muscles in the abdomen continuously contract shrinking the abdomen till mating has ended and the pair have separated. It is not the queen that ends the nuptial flight. The termination of the nuptial flight is determined by the drone, which fails to remove the mating sign of the previous drone from the sting chamber of the queen. The mating sign originates from two or more drones. The queen also does not determine the age at which she starts oviposition. It is the last drone, which tried to mate, but failed to remove the mating sign of the predecessor, that determines the age that the queen starts oviposition. The book of Koeniger et al. (2014), together with this paper, present the current knowledge of the mating biology of honey bees.
Influence of Size of Source Effect on Accuracy of LWIR Radiation Thermometers
Authors: Cywiak David , Cárdenas-García Daniel , Rodriguez-Arteaga Hugo
Published: December 2016

Determining the size of source effect of a radiation thermometer is not an easy task and manufacturers of these thermometers usually do not indicate the deviation to the measured temperature due to this effect. It is one of the main uncertainty components when measuring with a radiation thermometer and it may lead to erroneous estimation of the actual temperature of the measured target. We present an empiric model to estimate the magnitude of deviation of the measured temperature with a long-wavelength infrared radiation thermometer due to the size of source effect. The deviation is calculated as a function of the field of view of the thermometer and the diameter of the radiating source. For thermometers whose field of view size at 90% power is approximately equal to the diameter of the radiating source, it was found that this effect may lead to deviations of the measured temperature of up to 6% at 200ºC and up to 14% at 500ºC. Calculations of the temperature deviation with the proposed model are performed as a function of temperature and as a function of the first order component of electrical signal.
Observations of the lesser kestrel (Falco naumanni) in Bulgaria during the period of post-breeding dispersal
Authors: Daskalova Girgina , Shurulinkov Peter , Stoyanov Georgi P. , Borisov Borislav
Published: December 2016

The lesser kestrel (Falco naumanni) was considered extinct as a breeding species in Bulgaria, but recently a small breeding colony was found again in the south-eastern part of the country. Seven recent observations of flocks or solitary birds of the species in Bulgaria during the post-breeding period are presented and commented here. It is shown that the territory of the country is a regular area for post-breeding dispersal and pre-migratory feeding of lesser kestrels. The origin of these is not known, but most probably birds from the populations of the European part of Turkey, Greece, Republic of Macedonia and Albania are involved.