bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ON ONE PROBLEM OF CONTROL OF VOLTAGE DURING SIGNAL TRANSMISSION IN A LONG LINE
Authors:   Chelyabinsk State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Livanov N.D. , Ukhobotov V.I.
Published: August 2021

This article discusses the problem of controlling the process of electromagnetic oscillations in a long-distance transmission line. A long line is understood as an electrical line formed, in the sim-plest case, by two parallel current conductors, the length of which exceeds the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic waves, and the distance between the conductors is much less than the wavelength. Such a line is characterized by four distributed parameters, namely the ohmic re-sistance of the conductor, inductance, electrical capacity and leakage coefficient. A signal generator is connected to the left end of the line, and the right is grounded, but not of high quality. When transmitting a signal, the current and voltage make small oscillation. The control is the voltage at the left end of the long line, and the disturbance voltage at the right end, the values of which are li-mited. The boundaries of their permissible values are set. The magnitude of the aggregate of exter-nal disturbances acting on the conductor is not known exactly, but only its variation limits are given. Aim. The purpose of the control process is that at a given moment in time, the average value of the voltage value is in a given interval. This average is calculated using the specified function. Materials and methods. To solve the problem, the method of optimizing the guaranteed result was applied. Results. A transition was made to a new one-dimensional variable, with the help of which the considered problem was reduced to a control problem of the same type in the presence of inter-ference. This made it possible to find the necessary and sufficient conditions under which it is pos-sible to achieve the set goals with any admissible set of external forces and interference at the right end. A corresponding algorithm for constructing the law of voltage change at the left end of the conductor is proposed. An example is analyzed that clearly shows how management is built that guarantees the achievement of the set goal. Conclusion. If the found necessary and sufficient con-ditions are fulfilled, then it is always possible to construct such a law of voltage variation at the left end, which will lead to the achievement of the goal for any admissible interference.
AN ANECHOIC CHAMBER BUILT INTO INDUSTRIAL ROOMS
Authors:   Typhoon JSC, Kaluga, Russian Federation, Aksenov A.V. , Larin A.A. ,   Moscow Aviation Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation, Samburov N.V. ,   Typhoon JSC, Kaluga, Russian Federation
Published: August 2021

The issues of designing anechoic chambers for antenna measurements of a certain type – em-bedded in the premises of industrial purpose are considered. The advantage of such chambers is a positive economic effect associated with both the reduction of costs for construction work, and with the possibility of joint use of auxiliary room systems in the process of operation. Known ap-proaches to the design of chambers for antenna measurements are based either on ensuring a min-imum level of aesthetics, or minimum overall dimensions. In this case, it is necessary to provide a compromise between the parameters of anechoic stability and overall dimensions while ensuring the technological accessibility of the entire usable area of the room. Aim. The aim of the work is to justify the form and geometric dimensions of the chamber. Research Methods. In the process of re-search used the methods of geometric optics. When justifying the form of the chamber, practical aspects were taken into account, namely, the common form of industrial premises and workshops, as well as the possibility of effective use of common radio-absorbing materials to cover the cham-ber from the inside. In the process of finding the optimal effective geometric dimensions, the quality functionals were assumed to be aechoic and dimensional parameters. Results. A chamber in the form of a rectangular trapezoid is optimal for embedding in industrial premises. The expressions for the geometric dimensions of the chamber, ensuring the absence of first- and second-order reflections in the working area, have been found. The optimum value of the deflection angle of the back wall of the anechoic chamber was found. Conclusion. Based on the above technique, an anechoic chamber of a compact range for antenna measurements has been realized.
ASSESSMENT OF THE STRATEGIC EFFICIENCY OF LARGE-SCALE INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS IN A SITUATION OF UNCERTAINTY: A PROJECT APPROACH
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Gelrud Ya.D. , Kibalov E.B. ,   Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering of SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Published: August 2021

The article deals with the problems of assessing the macroeconomic efficiency of large-scale projects at the stage that is commonly called pre-investment. The necessity of taking into account the factor of radical uncertainty when evaluating large-scale railway projects is justified. The pur-pose of the study. To show that the effects generated by large-scale projects affect the scenario of the development of the economy hosting the project. In this problematic situation, a methodology is proposed for evaluating and identifying the most preferable project, taking into account the factors of radical (improbability) uncertainty. Materials and methods. The criteria for evaluating projects at three levels are analyzed: macro-, meso- and micro; at the same time, the tools of applied non-system analysis are used, combining logical-heuristic and economic-mathematical models of mak-ing complex project decisions. Results. A structural evaluation model has been developed, which is a hybrid consisting of two blocks. The first block is a logical-heuristic submodel for evaluating large-scale investment projects, the second block is an economic-mathematical submodel that displays the external environment of projects. The models interact at the pre-investment stage of the project lifecycle in the mode of a strategic game at the macro level. The first as an information base is based on expert estimates of the costs and results of projects that claim to be implemented in the long term, the second-mainly on statistical information from the country and regions. The im-pact of a new large-scale investment project on the model of the Russian economy is evaluated and the positive or negative impact of each (from among the considered ones) on the target function of the economic model is identified. Conclusion. The article comments on the results of experimental calculations using a hybrid model and, using the example of railway transport, formulates recom-mendations for its use in the development of substantiating materials for large-scale projects of fe-deral significance.
STUDY OF THE POSSIBILITY OF CONTROLLING ORE AVERAGING BY METHODS OF CLASSICAL CONTROL THEORY
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Berezniki Branch, Berezniki, Russian Federation, Bilfeld N.V. , Peyas D.V. , Shnabskaya A.K.
Published: August 2021

The importance of the problem of ore averaging at potash enterprises and the search for the optimal set of measures to eliminate the problem are shown. The problem of a large spread of insol-uble residues in the potash enterprises of the Verkhnekamsky District is identified. At the moment, it is solved by bunker averaging, but this does not always work effectively. It was suggested to use the previously described method of meaningful distribution in the warehouse and targeted sampling depending on the composition. A mathematical model of loading and unloading of the warehouse was constructed; algorithms and calculation of the coordinates of the point of discharge and extrac-tion of ore were proposed, depending on the content of insoluble residue and potassium chloride in the ore. This method excludes the possibility of manufacturing defects and carries out the averaging of raw materials in an optimal way. According to the indicators in the simulation model, targeted sampling in the warehouse reduces the percentage spread of insoluble residues in the ore. It was de-cided to investigate the sampling process in the warehouse for identification. Purpose of work is to test the possibility of controlling the sample as a conventional technological object using a propor-tional-integral-differentiating controller. To do this, the control object was identified, namely: a sin-gle impact jump was applied to the system input. Materials and methods. The standard impact was modeled on a previously developed warehouse simulation model, where the geometric parameters of the warehouse, the physical parameters of the ore elements, as well as the parameters of the noz-zle and scraper movement are set. With its help, potassium chloride from ore is conducted. The re-sults of the ore sampling are recorded for the initial installations, and then after a five percent jump. The simulation results are presented as a normalized graph for comparing the results and determin-ing the behavior of the system. Result. The resulting array of values was moved to the previously developed transfer function calculator. Based on the values found, a smoothed normalized graph was constructed, which had to be identified. As a result of this work, the transfer function of the first-order aperiodic link with a delay was obtained. Conclusion. When analyzing the graphs, a con-clusion about the validity of the obtained function was made. Based on the obtained arrays of val-ues, an error of 6,5% was calculated. The transfer function has been identified, so the sample in the warehouse can be controlled using a proportional-integral-differentiating controller.
INVESTIGATION OF THE RANDOM VALUE STATISTICAL DISTRIBUTIONS MODELS CHOICE INFLUENCE ON THE MINING OPERATIONS MODELING RESULTS
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Berezniki Branch, Berezniki, Russian Federation, Zatonskiy A.V. , Yazev P.A. ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Perm, Russian Federation
Published: August 2021

The importance of production planning for improving the performance indicators of a mining enterprise is indicated. The possibility of simulation modeling using for this aim is shown. It is shown that the created model has a large number of stochastic parameters. It is investigated that there is a problem of research lack about the choice influence of the mining modeling results with different statistical distributions. It is known that with an increase in stochastic deviations from the initial parameters, the productivity of queuing systems decreases. Purpose of work is to study this influence with four statistical distributions of a random quantity (uniform, normal, negative bi-nomial and Poisson distribution) for individual operations and their combinations. In addition, it is necessary to determine how much a change in one particular parameter will affect the overall result of the modeling. Materials and methods. In the previously created simulation model, a stochastic delay is added to the time of individual operations. The addition of such a delay with different sta-tistical distributions and with the same mathematical expectation is investigated. The simulation re-sults are compared with each other, for each individual operation the absolute and relative devia-tion of the results is shown. Further, a similar simulation is performed when all the simultaneously selected parameters changing. Result. It is shown that the magnitude of the deviation significantly differs among all deviations. It is shown that for various single changes in operations, the largest and smal-lest deviations can be given by different statistical distributions. To study the joint change with all parameters, 3 modeling scenarios are implemented: all uniform distributions (this case is used now), the scenario with the smallest deviation and the scenario with the largest deviation. It is shown that switching to another scenario leads to a significant change in the simulation. Conclusion. It is con-cluded that the used significant influence of statistical distributions choice to the accuracy of model-ing the operation of the mining machine is shown, especially when they are taken into account to-gether. The results can be used to clarify the influence of individual factors in the simulation model and improve the planning of potash mining operations, for individual mining machines too.
Metallurgical Failure Investigation of Fractured Spring Seals
Authors: Neidel A. , Cagliyan E. , Fischer B.
Published: August 2021

Elastic sealing elements used in combustion chamber assemblies of heavy-duty gas turbine engines used for power generation fractured from high cycle fatigue failure. The subject assembly was burner rig tested in a special testing facility. It was speculated that the affected spring seals likely failed due to forced excitation during burner rig testing, since no material imperfections or fabrication flaws, such as spot weld imperfections, were detected that could have contributed to the failure.
English L3 acquisition in heritage contexts: Modelling a path through the bilingualism controversy
Authors: Lorenz Eliane , Toprak Tugba Elif , Siemund Peter
Published: August 2021

The current study adds to research investigating the influence of bilingualism on third language (L3) acquisition, more specifically the assumption that the two previously acquired languages enhance the acquisition of an additional language. We here rely on data from 1,409 bilingual (Russian-/Turkish-German) and monolingual (German) students of grades seven and nine, sampled in schools across Germany. The relevant literature yields mixed and controversial results regarding bilingual advantages, yet it also suggests that L3 acquisition is a multidimensional process potentially affected by various linguistic and extra-linguistic factors. Thus, we examine the relationship between English proficiency (L2 or L3), reading comprehension in German and the heritage languages Turkish and Russian along with cognitive ability and socio-economic status by using several multi-group path analyses, a type of structural equation modelling. The proposed structural equation model of English proficiency can be successfully fitted for all participants investigated, i.e. for both the monolingual and bilingual learners, with the exception of the Turkish-German group when analyzed separately. Overall, the results do not suggest any obvious bilingual facilitation effects or general differences across the learner groups, yet minor differences between the monolingual and bilingual groups in various componential relationships are detected.
The effect of focus and the focus particlesamoon the exclusion of contextual alternatives in Serbian
Authors: Živković Ema , Sudimac Nina
Published: August 2021

The goal of this paper is to investigate the relationship between focus and the inferences that listeners derive from utterances. While the function of focus is to generate a set of alternatives to the focused element, it can also evoke the implicature that the statement does not hold for the contextual alternatives, which is referred to as exhaustive meaning. Whether focus is exhaustive is a matter of cross-linguistic variation. This paper aims to assess exhaustive inferences in Serbian triggered by focus in situ marked by prosodic prominence and in the preverbal position, canonical sentences with neutral intonation, and the exclusive particlesamo‘only’. The participants were presented with the recorded test items, after which they were asked to express their judgement about the possibility of the contextual alternatives using a scale. The results indicated that there was no interpretative difference regarding exhaustive meaning between the sentences with the focused words marked with prosodic prominence and those with unmarked intonation. However, the sentences with the preverbal focused target word were judged as significantly more exhaustive than the canonical sentences with default intonation. Finally, the sentences with the focus particlesamowere interpreted mostly as not allowing other contextual interpretations.
Begrenzt dezentral gesteuerte Produktion – modelliert im Swimmingpool-Modell
Authors: Lonsdorfer Maxime , Scheunemann Merle , Maßmann Melanie , Gärtner Henner
Published: August 2021

Das Institut für Produkt- und Produktionsmanagement der HAW Hamburg forscht an der geeigneten Modellierung dezentraler Steuerungskonzepte für die Produktion zum Zwecke praxistauglicher Implementierungen. Zunächst wird der Einfluss der Entwicklung digitaler Technologien auf die historische Entwicklung klargestellt. Darauf aufbauend wird dargelegt, wie die HAW Hamburg ein so genanntes „Swimmingpool-Modell“ als Grundstein für die Forschung an dezentralen Steuerungskonzepten aufbaut und validiert.
Kompensation thermo-elastischer Maschinenfehler
Authors: Brecher Christian , Fey Marcel , Wittmann Marcel , Dehn Mathias
Published: August 2021

Die Nachfrage nach präziseren Werkzeugmaschinen steigt kontinuierlich. Aus diesem Grund müssen thermo-elastische Fehlerkompensationsmethoden unter thermischen Echtzeitbedingungen genauer werden. Die korrekte Parametrierung eines modellbasierten Korrekturansatzes für die Kompensation thermo-elastischer Maschinenfehler hat einen maßgeblichen Einfluss auf die Modellgenauigkeit. Insbesondere für die Langzeitkompensation der Maschinenfehler benötigt das Modell eine hohe Anpassungsfähigkeit aufgrund variierender Lasten. In diesem Beitrag wird eine Simulationsmodellarchitektur vorgestellt, die ein FEM-basiertes thermo-elastisches White-Box-Modell der Werkzeugmaschine mit Temperaturmessungen der Maschinenstruktur kombiniert. Die Messdaten der Temperatursensoren werden für eine prozessparallele Anpassung thermischer Modellparameter genutzt, um die Genauigkeit der Kompensationsmethode zu steigern.
Erprobung anwendungsadaptierter CVD-Diamantschichten beim Stanzen
Authors: Winter Sven , Stein Christian , Richter Karsten , Höfer Markus , Sittinger Volker , Psyk Verena , Kräusel Verena
Published: August 2021

CVD-Diamantschichten werden aktuell bei der spanenden Bearbeitung herausfordernder Werkstoffe eingesetzt und führen zu einer deutlichen Erhöhung der Standzeiten. Insbesondere nanokristalline Diamantschichten ermöglichen geringe Rauheiten bei gleichzeitig höchsten Härten. In der vorliegenden Studie wurden diese Schichten erstmals auf Hartmetall-Schneidstempel für das Stanzen von federharten Bändern appliziert und ihr Einfluss auf den Verschleiß untersucht. Untersuchungen mit Hubzahlen von bis zu 100.000 haben für Schichtdicken im Bereich von 8 μm sehr gute Ergebnisse gezeigt. Derartige Nano-Diamantschichten besitzen folglich großes Potenzial zur Reduzierung des Verschleißes von Hartmetallstempeln in Stanzprozessen.
Examining the Link Between Multidimensional Perfectionism and Depression: A Longitudinal Study of the Intervening Effects of Social Disconnection
Authors: Rnic Katerina , Hewitt Paul L. , Chen Chang , Jopling Ellen , Lemoult Joelle , Flett Gordon L.
Published: August 2021

Introduction: The Perfectionism Social Disconnection Model (PSDM) posits that perfectionism confers risk for depression by promoting social disconnection. However, the specific indirect effect of social disconnection on the prospective relation of perfectionism dimensions with depression severity is not well understood. The aim of the current study was to provide the first comprehensive examination of the PSDM. Methods: A diverse community sample of 447 completed measures of trait perfectionism, perfectionistic self-presentation styles, and depressive symptoms at baseline. Six months later, participants completed measures of perfectionistic self-presentation styles, social disconnection, and depressive symptoms. Indirect effects models were analyzed to examine the impact of each facet of perfectionism on social disconnection and subsequent depression severity. Results: Consistent with the PSDM, all perfectionism traits and self-presentation styles resulted in greater depression severity via one or more facets of social disconnection, with social hopelessness and loneliness demonstrating the most widespread effects. Furthermore, perfectionistic self-presentation styles and social disconnection demonstrated sequential indirect effects on the relation of self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism with depressive symptoms at follow-up. Discussion: This study is the first to demonstrate the depressogenic effects of all perfectionism dimensions. Findings delineate the interpersonal mechanisms underlying the perfectionism-depression link.
Does LIN28B gene dysregulation make women more likely to abort?
Authors: Huang QiaoYao , Niu YanRu , Song LiJun , Huang JinZhi , Wang Chenxi , Ma TianZhong
Published: August 2021

Background

LIN28B plays an important role in early embryonic development, but its role in villous trophoblast implantation and differentiation remains unknown. This study aims to verify the role of LIN28B in trophoblastic villous tissue and cells from women with URSA (unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion) and artificial termination of pregnancy (negative control, NC).

Methods

The LIN28B gene and its protein expression level were detected with real-time quantitative PCR, Western immunoblotting analysis, and immunocytochemistry. The gene was also overexpressed in chorionic villous cell lines (HTR-8/SVneo and BeWo) to examine its effect on trophoblast function.

Results

The expression of LIN28B mRNA and protein of URSA villi was lower than that in the NC group. At the cellular level, overexpression of LIN28B enhanced cellular migration, and invasion, and inhibited apoptosis. LIN28B may inhibit apoptosis by promoting Akt phosphorylation and by inhibiting Bad phosphorylation and Bcl-2 expression. In addition, LIN28B inhibited cell fusion and reduced cellular syncytia.

Conclusions

LIN28B can inhibit cell invasion and migration in vitro and promote apoptosis and fusion. The low expression of LIN28B in URSA villous trophoblast cells may be one of the causes of abortion. The role of LIN28B in villous trophoblasts needs further study.

Lay summary

Propagation of offspring is of great significance to the continuation of the human race. However, continuous pregnancy is more difficult for some women, especially women who have multiple miscarriages. One important contributor is the cessation of development caused by genetic factors of the embryo, but there are still many unknown reasons. We investigated the LIN28B gene which is a possible pathogenic factor in the placenta. We collected 25 cases of abortion in the experimental group (unexplained recurrent abortion group) and 25 in the control group (artificial termination of pregnancy group): on average at 7–8 weeks of pregnancy. We tested the function of lin28b in these samples and verified its function in cell lines. LIN28B plays an important role in maintaining early pregnancy by promoting the invasion of villous cells, inhibiting apoptosis and fusion, and the reduction of LIN28B expression may lead to the occurrence of early miscarriage.
Comparative study of chemical composition of the halophyte species native to the Persian (Arabian) gulf
Authors: Cybulska Iwona , Brudecki Grzegorz P. , Brown J. Jed , Hulkko Laura S. S. , Al Hosani Sumaya , Thomsen Mette H.
Published: August 2021

Extensive comparative characterization was performed to explore halophytes native to the Persian (Arabian) Gulf. Ten species collected from the Western region of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE) were analyzed for their lignocellulosic components as well as for ash and extractives content. It was found that the species significantly differ in the content of carbohydrates, lignin, total ash-free extractives and total ash. The total ash content was found to negatively influence the content of carbohydrates. Based on the characteristics, it is concluded that Cornulaca aucheri is the most attractive as a source of carbohydrates, and Tetraena (Zygophyllum) qatarensis has the potential to produce the highest yield of the extractives fraction.
Bio-nanocomposites based on compatibilized poly(lactic acid) blend-reinforced agave cellulose nanocrystals
Authors: Rosli Noor Afizah , Wan Ishak Wan Hafizi , Darwis Siti Salwani , Ahmad Ishak , Mohd Khairudin Mohammad Fauzul Azim
Published: August 2021

Enhancing the mechanical, thermal, and degradation properties of a poly(lactic acid) (PLA) blend without deteriorating its other useful features was the goal of this work. The isolation of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) from Agave angustifolia fibers was carried out, and the properties of the bio-nanocomposites comprising these CNCs were evaluated, which included PLA, natural rubber (NR), and liquid NR (LNR). Transmission electron microscopy and zeta potential analysis confirmed the successful isolation of CNCs from agave fibers after several chemical treatment steps. The effects of different CNC loadings on the properties of the bio-nanocomposites were investigated using tensile tests, thermal analysis, morphological analysis, and water absorption tests. Bio-nanocomposites containing 5 wt% and 7.5 wt% CNC had the optimal tensile modulus and strength, respectively. Different levels of CNC did not noticeably affect the thermal stability of the bio-nanocomposites, although the thermogram curves increased slightly as CNC content increased. The addition of CNC at different loadings affects the crystallization rate of PLA blend. The water absorption capacity increased as CNC level increased, and 5 wt% CNC gave rise to the highest water absorption. The four-component bio-nanocomposites created in this study provided an alternative for producing new green materials with tunable physical, mechanical, and thermal properties.
Declining sperm counts: The impact of covid-19 on testicular function and sperm parameters and overall male reproductive performance
Authors: Michael Zavos Panayiotis
Published: August 2021

Male infertility is linked to some viral infections including human papillomavirus (HPV), herpes simplex viruses (HSV) and human immunodeficiency viruses (HIVs). As for acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), its effects on worldwide declines in sperm count and fertility have not been researched thoroughly. With the recent increase of viral infections due to the pandemic, the potential negative impacts that SARS-CoV-2 will have on male reproductive organs and male fertility have raised countless concerns. This review article aims to discuss the possible effects that the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic will have on an already declining male reproductive success while integrating the results of recent studies focusing on similar topics. Furthermore, this article will also mention the future implications that come with a more infertile population. Within the articles studied, it has become apparent that the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has and will only decrease men’s sperm quality further. These findings became apparent through the study of oxidative stress established through the sperm’s production of reactive oxygen species1 and the COVID-19 virus’ ability to attack human spermatozoa produced in the testes due the expression of the ACE2 gene.2 As for the decline in male fertility prior to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, there are many factors to be discussed, some of which include: tobacco consumption, alcoholism, diet, electronics, and higher rates of testicular cancer.3
Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase Enzyme Activity in the Symbiotic System Glycine max – Bradyrhizobium japonicum by Seed Inoculation Different in Activity and Virulation Strain and Treatment with Fungicides
Authors:   Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, NAS of Ukraine, Mamenko T.P. , Kots S.Ya. ,   Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, NAS of Ukraine, Mykhalkiv L.M. ,   Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, NAS of Ukraine, Homenko Yu.A. ,   Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, NAS of Ukraine
Published: August 2021

Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) is a key enzyme of the phenylpropanoid pathway and provides precursors for the synthesis of many secondary metabolites, which are necessary for the development and protection of plants from external factors of various natures, in particular plays an important role in the formation and development of their symbiosis with microorganisms. Aim. To study the activity of PAL in soybean plants in the early stages of legume-rhizobial symbiosis under the influence of seed inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum strains with different symbiotic properties on the background of fungicide treatment. Methods. Microbiology (bacterial culture growing, seeds inoculation), physiological (pot experiment), biochemical (determining the PAL enzyme activity). Results. Inoculation of soybean seeds with active virulent rhizobia induces a significant decrease in PAL activity in the roots at the primordial leaf stage and a significant increase in its activity level at the first true leaf stage, compared to inactive symbiosis. At the stage of third true leaf, the activity of PAL increased more significantly in soybean root nodules formed by inactive rhizobia, compared to active symbiosis. However, at the stage of third true leaves, the activity of PAL in soybean root nodules formed by inactive rhizobia increased significantly compared to active symbiosis. The use of fungicides for pre-sowing treatment of soybean seeds induces changes in the level of PAL activity in roots and nodules, which do not affect the overall dynamics of enzyme activity in different effective symbiotic systems Glycine max - Bradyrhizobium japonicum. Conclusions. The activity of PAL in the roots and especially in the root nodules of soybeans in the early stage of plant development in the case of fungicides using and bacterization is primarily due to the action of the inoculation factor, and is determined by the symbiotic properties of rhizobia strains, in particular, their virulence and nitrogen fixation activity.
Behavioral Health Risk Factors for Nonmedical Prescription Opioid Use in Adolescence
Authors: Cho Junhan , Kelley-Quon Lorraine I. , Barrington-Trimis Jessica L. , Kechter Afton , Axeen Sarah , Leventhal Adam M.
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

Adolescent nonmedical prescription opioid use is associated with overdose and other adverse outcomes, but its risk factors are poorly understood.

METHODS

Data were drawn from a prospective cohort study of Los Angeles, California, high school students. At baseline (mean age = 14.6 years), students completed self-report screening measures of problem alcohol, cannabis, and drug use and 6 mental health problems (major depression, generalized anxiety, panic disorder, social phobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and hypomania or mania). Past 6-month nonmedical prescription opioid use (yes or no) was assessed across 7 semiannual follow-ups.

RESULTS

Among baseline never users of nonmedical prescription opioids (N = 3204), average past 6-month prevalence of new nonmedical prescription opioid use across the 42-month follow-up was 4.4% (range 3.5%–6.1%). In a multivariable model co-adjusting for 9 baseline behavioral problems and other factors, major depression, hypomania or mania, cannabis, alcohol, and other drug use problems were associated with increased odds of nonmedical prescription opioid use over follow-ups. Cumulative indices of behavioral health comorbidity showed successively greater odds of subsequent nonmedical prescription opioid use for students with 1 (odds ratio [OR]: 3.74; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.79–5.01), 2 (OR: 8.79; 95% CI: 5.95–12.99), or 3 (OR: 9.69; 95% CI: 5.63–16.68) vs 0 baseline substance use problems, and similar increases were associated with increasing number of mental health problems (1 [OR: 1.60; 95% CI: 1.03–2.88] to all 6 [OR: 3.98; 95% CI: 1.09–14.82] vs 0).

CONCLUSIONS

Behavioral health problems may be associated with increased risk of subsequent nonmedical prescription opioid use during mid to late adolescence, with successively greater risk for those with greater behavioral health comorbidity. In pediatric clinical practice or school-based prevention, behavioral health screeners may be useful for identifying youth at high risk for nonmedical prescription opioid use.
Intelligent System of Analytical Processing of Digital Network Content for Protection against Inappropriate Information
Authors: Kotenko Igor , Saenko Igor , Branitskiy Alexander , Parashchuk Igor , Gaifulina Diana
Published: August 2021

Currently, the Internet and social networks as a medium for the distribution of digital network content are becoming one of the most important threats to personal, public and state information security. There is a need to protect the individual, society and the state from inappropriate information. In scientific and methodological terms, the problem of protection from inappropriate information has an extremely small number of solutions. This determines the relevance of the results presented in the article, aimed at developing an intelligent system of analytical processing of digital network content to protect against inappropriate information. The article discusses the conceptual foundations of building such a system, revealing the content of the concept of inappropriate information and representing the overall architecture of the system. Models and algorithms for the functioning of the most characteristic components of the system are given, such as a distributed network scanning component, a multidimensional classification component of network information objects, a component for eliminating incompleteness and inconsistency, and a decision-making component. The article presents the results of the implementation and experimental evaluation of system components, which demonstrated the ability of the system to meet the requirements for the completeness and accuracy of detection and counteraction of unwanted information in conditions of its incompleteness and inconsistency.
ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY, INNOVATION, AND EXTERNAL SOURCES OF KNOWLEDGE: THE BRAZILIAN POWER SECTOR
Authors: VERSIANI ÂNGELA F. , CRUZ MARINA A. , REZENDE SÉRGIO F. L. , CASTRO JOSÉ M.
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Purpose: This paper discusses the relationship between absorptive capacity, external sources of knowledge, and innovation in the context of the power sector. In doing so, we follow the theoretical debate over absorptive capacity dimensions. We focus on the statistical testing of Zahra and George’s (2002) absorptive capacity construct to identify whether their dimensions find support in reality. We consider that the external environment encompasses both scientific and industrial sources of knowledge, which influence absorptive capacity. Originality/value: Zahra and George’s (2002) model initiated the debate of the absorptive capacity dimensions, and it is disseminated in literature. However, it is poorly tested. There is still a research gap related to the empirical validation stage of the absorptive capacity construct itself. Our research tries to decrease this gap, testing Zahra and George’s (2002) absorptive capacity construct in a Brazilian company’s context. Design/methodology/approach: The research design was quantitative. A survey was applied to 402 industrial firms. We used multivariate sta tistical techniques and the structural models were tested by Partial Least Squares (PLS). Findings: Zahra and George’s (2002) construct of absorptive capacity was proved, and innovation, as well as the external sources types of knowledge, are related to it. The absorptive capacity is contingent on types of external knowledge.
Corpo e gênero na experiência inicial de jogadoras de futebol
Authors: Vieira Talita Machado , Justo José Sterza , Mansano Sonia Regina Vargas
Published: August 2021

Resumo: O presente artigo tem como objetivo compreender de que modo a marca do gênero atravessa a experiência inicial das atletas de futebol com a modalidade. Para tanto, adotamos a perspectiva da cartografia e analisamos entrevistas semiestruturadas feitas com atletas de formação e alto rendimento. A despeito da diferença geracional, os resultados mostraram que as dificuldades encontradas para se inserir no universo futebolístico são similares e ainda se assentam em percepções estereotipadas acerca dos gêneros.
Pânicos de gênero, tecnologias de corpo: regulações da feminilidade no esporte
Authors: Pires Barbara Gomes
Published: August 2021

Resumo: Este artigo apresenta uma revisão documental e bibliográfica de parte do histórico de gestão da feminilidade no esporte de alto rendimento. Nesse sentido, é preciso acompanhar como nasce o movimento olímpico. Uma recapitulação necessária para saber de onde vem e como se estrutura a necessidade de controle dos corpos atléticos das mulheres. Com a defesa de certos valores pautados no dimorfismo sexual, entenderemos como a ciência e a medicina auxiliaram na estabilização de fronteiras biológicas, sociais e esportivas. Contudo, à medida que esse conhecimento se transforma, todo um emaranhado regulatório também é atualizado em torno da elegibilidade das mulheres no esporte. A condução do artigo aposta na interpretação de que a proteção da categoria feminina no esporte se fez tanto por meio da suspeição quanto pela justiça, com a linguagem dos direitos sendo cada vez mais incorporada.
Ethos militar e masculinidades nos esportes olímpicos
Authors: Thomaz Diego Wander , Santos Dionys Melo dos , Toledo Luiz Henrique de
Published: August 2021

Resumo: O artigo em tela tem como objetivo central produzir uma reflexão crítica, a partir da categoria atletas militares, sobre os novos processos e formas de subjetivação esportiva. No limite, este texto pretende indicar aproximações e dissonâncias, tensões e distensões, entre os regimes esportivo e militar. Para tanto, buscamos produzir uma revisão bibliográfica e documental, somada a alguns estudos de caso e dados etnográficos, partindo da análise interseccional de três concepções centrais para esta investigação: a) ethos militar, b) olimpismo e c) masculinidade. Nesse sentido, o corpo do atleta militar é pensado como ponto de convergência que ajuda a compreender os processos de subjetivação endógenos aos círculos militares e às práticas esportivas, assim como possíveis fraturas no edifício da masculinidade hegemônica contemporânea.
Family culture versus institutional hospital culture: a relation between two worlds
Authors: Farias Dóris Helena Ribeiro , Almeida Mauro Francisco Ferreira de , Gomes Giovana Calcagno , Lunardi Valéria Lerch , Vieira Evellym , Lourenção Luciano Garcia
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the relation between family culture and hospital institutional culture. Method: Qualitative study, carried out in 2017, with relatives of children admitted to a Hospital in southern Brazil. The study included non-participant observation, to gain familiarity with the investigated cultural context; participant observation, to know the respondents’ experiences; and interviews. The data were coded and theoretical formulations and recommendations were made. Results: Fifteen family members participated. Hospitalization is a time of encounter and interaction between family culture and institutional culture. Conclusion: Hospital culture is presented as an instrument of family care and adaptation and flexibility of norms and routines to humanize cultural care.
Terminological subset of the International Classification for Nursing Practice for patients hospitalized due to burns
Authors: Silva Ilisdayne Thallita Soares da , Menezes Harlon França de , Souza Neto Vinicius Lino de , Sales José Renato Paulino de , Sousa Paulino Artur Ferreira , Silva Richardson Augusto Rosendo da
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To develop a proposal of a terminological subset of the International Classification for Nursing Practice for burned patients. Method: This is a methodological study following the steps: identification of clinical findings; mapping of terms; construction of statements of diagnoses/results and nursing interventions; content validation of statements; and structuring of the subset with the theoretical model of Basic Human Needs. Content validation was performed by 26 specialist nurses, through the Content Validity Index, with statements ≥ 0.80 being considered validated. Results: A total of 36 diagnoses/results and 119 interventions were validated. Among these, the ones with the highest index were: Respiratory System Function, Impaired/Respiratory System Function, Effective; Volume of Fluids, Impaired/Volume of Fluids, Effective; Burn Wound/Wound Healing, Effective; Pain, Acute/Pain, Absent, and as interventions: To Monitor Vital Signs; to Monitor Fluid Balance; to Treat Skin Condition; to Assess Response to Pain Management (Control). Conclusion: The validated statements depict the burned people basic human needs, with the psychobiological ones being the most prevalent.
Um estudo sobre a leitura e a interação de adolescentes durante uma visita ao museu de ciências Universum, México
Authors: ROCHA JESSICA NORBERTO , MASSARANI LUISA , POENARU LARA MUCCI , MARTINS ALANNA DAHAN , MACÍAS-NESTOR ALBA PATRICIA
Published: August 2021

RESUMO A leitura no contexto específico dos museus tem sido objeto de debate entre os pesquisadores. Alguns autores defendem que os visitantes não leem nesses espaços ou que os textos são componentes periféricos das exposições. Estudos recentes, no entanto, ressaltaram o papel pedagógico e comunicativo dos textos, que podem contribuir para a aprendizagem do visitante. Neste estudo foram analisadas as visitas de cinco grupos de estudantes de escolas públicas, com entre 13 e 17 anos, a um museu de ciências do México. Os resultados sugerem que a leitura em um museu de ciência permite explorar e compreender o funcionamento de um módulo de exposição, além de apreender seu conteúdo científico, evidenciando que os textos cumprem uma função educacional relevante ao provocar reflexões, aprofundando nos temas e a socialização do conhecimento científico.
Efeitos da estimulação gustativa na prontidão oral e estados comportamentais de recém-nascidos
Authors: Medeiros Andréa Monteiro Correia , Nascimento Santi Vinicius do , Santos Felipe Batista , Sá Thalyta Prata Leite de , Barreto Íkaro Daniel Carvalho , Aquino Luana Ramos de , Alves Stella Andrade , Nascimento Rogeris Kayque Barreto do , Gurgel Ricardo Queiroz
Published: August 2021

RESUMO Objetivo investigar e comparar comportamentos específicos de prontidão oral e estados comportamentais de recém-nascidos a termo (RNT) e pré-termo (RNPT), a partir da estimulação gustativa (água e sacarose). Métodos estudo experimental, analítico, duplo-cego, caso controle. Participaram 152 recém-nascidos de uma maternidade pública, sendo 68 a termo e 84 pré-termo, subdivididos conforme estímulo gustativo (água ou sacarose). O teste durou 15 minutos, dividido em três períodos de cinco minutos. Foram analisados estados comportamentais e comportamentos específicos. Resultados foram observadas diferenças significativas, comparando os estímulos, com maior tempo nos comportamentos mão-boca direita (p=0,042) e esquerda (p=0,037), e diminuição no tempo de sono (p=0,019) nos RNT estimulados com sacarose. Nos RNPT houve maior tempo de sucção de mão direita (p=0,043) e esquerda (p=0,001) e de sucção (p<0,001), com aumento no tempo de alerta (p=0,025), quando estimulados com sacarose. Houve diminuição de tempo de agitação (p=0,018) em RNPT estimulados com água. RNT apresentaram maior tempo em sono do que os RNPT (p=0,032). A estimulação da sacarose no estado alerta foi mais evidente em RNPT (p=0,047). Conclusão A sacarose eliciou respostas motoras referentes à prontidão para alimentação e estado comportamental favorável para alimentação, independentemente da idade gestacional. Os achados são importantes para a clínica fonoaudiológica, possibilitando ampliar condutas de estimulação da alimentação.
Sazonalidade e fatores de risco associados ao desenvolvimento motor de lactentes nascidos a termo
Authors: Hermes Letícia , Martins Fabiane Kurtz , Righi Natiele Camponogara , Böck Thais Helena Oliveira , Trevisan Claudia Morais , Weinmann Angela Regina Maciel , Valentini Nadia Cristina
Published: August 2021

Resumo Introdução Diferentes fatores afetam o desenvolvimento motor no primeiro ano de vida, tendo sido pouco estudada a interferência da variação sazonal. Objetivo Investigar a influência da sazonalidade e de fatores de risco e proteção para o desenvolvimento motor de lactentes nascidos a termo, aos 7 e 10 meses de idade. Método Foram incluídos no estudo lactentes a termo (N=174) que vivenciaram os marcos de desenvolvimento referentes ao 2º e 3º trimestres no período de verão ou de inverno. Prontuários, entrevistas, e a Alberta Infant Motor Scale foram utilizados. Resultados A aquisição do sentar-se e engatinhar foi mais tardia nos grupos pós-inverno (p < 0,001). Quanto aos grupos de risco e sem risco para o desenvolvimento motor, observou-se, aos 7 meses, menor prevalência de planejamento da gravidez (p=0,015), menor tempo de aleitamento materno exclusivo (p=0,004) e de amamentação (p=0,012) no grupo com risco. Aos 10 meses, os lactentes do grupo de risco se caracterizaram pela menor idade gestacional (p=0,040), por serem filhos de mães mais velhas (p=0,020), maior número de irmãos (p=0,002), níveis mais elevados de pobreza (p=0,002) e maiores restrições de movimento (p=0,000). A regressão logística evidenciou que, aos 7 meses, o aleitamento materno foi a variável associada ao desenvolvimento motor, enquanto aos 10 meses, o número de filhos, a pobreza e a restrição de movimento do lactente explicaram a variação no desenvolvimento motor. Conclusão O clima frio não se mostrou um determinante isolado para o risco de atraso motor, variáveis ambientais foram mais influentes no modelo.
Agentes comunitárias de saúde: práticas, legitimidade e formação profissional em tempos de pandemia de Covid-19 no Brasil
Authors: Méllo Lívia Milena Barbosa de Deus e , Albuquerque Paulette Cavalcanti de , Santos Romário Correia dos , Felipe Dara Andrade , Queirós Agleildes Arichele Leal de
Published: August 2021

Agentes comunitárias de saúde (ACS) ocupam lugar estratégico no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Este artigo objetiva analisar disputas quanto ao trabalho das ACS no contexto da pandemia de Covid-19, assim como experiências voluntárias análogas, refletindo sobre o futuro da profissão. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa de caráter analítico cujos dados são documentos e posições públicas de diversos sujeitos. As representações sindicais evocam a necessidade de capacitação e trabalho em home office. Gestores direcionaram o trabalho para o interior dos serviços e para ações de vigilância e não ofereceram apoio ao trabalho comunitário e de educação em saúde. Experiências de agentes voluntários apontam a importância de mais ACS no SUS e valores de solidariedade. Apresentam-se síntese das práticas, legitimidade e formação, indicando avanços e desafios da profissionalização.