bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disposal pattern of young Sahiwal cattle under organized farm
Authors: UPADHYAY ARPAN , SADANA D K , GUPTA A K , CHAKRAVARTY A K , SINGH A , M MANOJ , MAHER D
Published: October 2023

Data of 830 female Sahiwal calves, born between 1986 and 2009 at National Dairy Research Institute's Farm, were analysed to study the influence of different non-genetic factors on disposal pattern (mortality and culling) of young Sahiwal cattle up to age at first calving (AFC) under organized herd. Different non-genetic factors like season of birth, period of birth and birth weight of calves were considered to assess their influence on mortality and culling. Overall disposal up to AFC was 33.78%, comprising 24.67% due to mortality and 9.11% due to culling. Maximum mortality was observed during first month of age, which was attributed to higher incidence of pneumonia and enteritis encountered in this age group. Mortality rate revealed a decreasing trend along with the age. Maximum culling rate was found during 12 month to AFC age group. Season of birth had highly significant influence on incidence of mortality during first month of age, whereas period of birth had significant influence on incidence of culling during 12 month to AFC age group. Birth weight of calves had no significant influence on either culling or mortality. The likelihood of mortality was higher in rainy and winter season born calves. The overall results showed that the major reason of female calves' disposal was mortality, especially during first month of age. Therefore, intensive care of calves of this age group against inclement weather conditions by providing better feeding and management would result in reducing mortality rate in calves.
Non genetic factors influencing fertility problems in Murrah buffaloes
Authors: M MANOJ , GUPTA A K , MOHANTY T K , ASLAM M K MUHAMMAD , CHAKRAVARTY A K , SINGH A , MALHOTRA R , GANDHI R S
Published: October 2023

The data on 2449 reproduction records of Murrah buffaloes were analysed using SAS to study the effect of various non genetic factors on the incidence of fertility problems (repeat breeding, true anoestrus and anoestrus due to persistent corpus luteum). The association between non-genetic factors and fertility problems were analysed using Chi squares method. To study the effect of these independent variables simultaneously, multiple logistic regression method was used. Overall fertility problems and true anoestrus were significantly (p<0.01) higher in buffaloes calved during winter and significantly (p<0.01) lower in those calved during rainy season of the year. However, the association between anoestrus PCL and season of calving was not significant. Significantly (p<0.05) higher incidence of repeat breeding was reported in autumn season and third period of study. The incidence of anoestrus was significantly (p<0.01) higher in heifers and first calvers in comparison to older buffaloes. Parity showed non-significant association with incidence of repeat breeding in Murrah buffaloes. Highly significant association (p<0.01) was observed between uterine health problems and incidence of all the fertility problems, which increased with the severity of post partum uterine health complications. Logistic regression results also revealed higher ODDS ratio for incidence of overall fertility problems in those suffered from uterine health problems only (3.35) and both calving abnormalities and uterine health problems (3.16) in comparison to normal (1.00) animals. Similarly, significantly (p<0.01) higher ODDS ratio were observed for incidence of anoestrus (3.12 and 2.92) and repeat breeding (6.43 and 5.05). From the present investigation it has been concluded that multiple logistic regression can be used effectively to study the effect of various non-genetic factors on discrete dependent variables like fertility problems in animals.
Comparative study on the performances of local and their crosses with Boer goats
Authors: DAS S , MOHANTY G P , MISHRA S K , PRADHAN C R , DASH S K , SAHOO S P
Published: October 2023

For this comparative study, 50 kids of each of both Boer crossbred goats and local goats were supplemented with concentrate @100g, 150g and 200 g / head / day during 3â€“4 months, 4-6 months and 6-9 months of age, respectively. The birth weight and fortnight interval body weight of the goats were recorded. The biometric measurements of the goats were recorded at birth and at 3 monthly intervals. At 9 months of age, serum minerals and biochemical profile of the goats were determined. The body weight of Boer crossbred goats was significantly higher than that of local goats. The body length, height at withers, height at croup, chest girth, and paunch girth values of Boer cross goats and local goats differed significantly between the breeds in all the ages of study except the oblique body length of Boer crossbred and Local female kids at birth, oblique body length of Boer crossbred and local male kids at 3 months. The serum protein, serum glucose, serum albumin and serum globulin levels between male and female goats of local and Boer crossbred goats did not differ significantly. The serum calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, copper and zinc levels between male and female goats of local and Boer crossbred goats did not differ significantly. The economics of production of Boer crossbred goats were found to be better than that of local goats. From this experiment, it may be concluded that Boer crossbred goats have higher growth rate with better net return per animal than that of local goats.
Nutrient composition, in vitro true digestibility (IVTD) and methane production potential of fodder tree leaves
Authors: RAMACHANDRAN M , BHARATHIDHASAN A , BALAKRISHNAN V
Published: October 2023

This work was carried out to estimate the nutrient composition and methane production potential of various tree leaves to develop a database on methane production. Highest organic matter (OM) content was recorded in cashew leaves (96.87%) and lowest value was recorded in mulberry leaves (86.03%). Ether extract (EE) content of various tree leaves ranged from 0.54 to 8.74%. Neutral detergent fibre (NDF) was highest in velvel leaves (65.03%) and lowest in Murungai leaves (19.48%). Lowest in vitro true digestibility was observed in velvel leaves (41.59%) and highest value was observed in maramalli leaves (75.59%). Mulberry leaves had lowest methane production potential at half life (t1/2) (0.21 ml/100 mg truly digested substrate) and highest methane production potential at half life (t1/2) was recorded in velvel leaves (1.98 ml/100 mg truly digested substrate). Agathi leaves had highest (P<0.05) methane production potential at 24 h (2.72 ml/100 mg truly digested substrate) compared to all other tree leaves. It can be concluded that average OM, EE and NDF content of various tree leaves was 90.83, 4.67 and 40.53%, respectively. Average methane production potential of different tree leaves at half life and 24 h was 0.93 and 1.55 ml /100 mg truly digested substrate, respectively.
Spatio-temporal dimensions of draught cattle and buffaloes in Tamil Nadu
Authors: SENTHILKUMAR G , SELVAKUMAR K N , PRABU M , PANDIAN A SERMA SARAVANA , VALLI C , JAYAVARATHAN B
Published: October 2023

Use of animal power generally enables farmers in Tamil Nadu as well India to increase agricultural production. The present study was conducted to explore the spatio-temporal dimensions in draught cattle and buffalo population in Tamil Nadu. Conventional analysis like mean and percentages were used for the present study. Apart from these analyses, the annual compound growth rates (ACGR) of livestock population were calculated. The scenario on cattle and buffalo population over different census periods, their compositional change, status of breed-wise cattle and population, temporal analysis on work animal population and their share to total cattle and buffalo population, scenario of draught animal population density, availability of draught animal power, district-wise variations in draught cattle and buffalo population for the state of Tamil Nadu were worked out and discussed. As a whole, the draught cattle and buffalo population in Tamil Nadu was found decreasing over years, and strategies for improvement of draught animal power in Tamil Nadu was proposed.
The assessment of the organization's image from the point of view of JSC “Baltic Agro” consumers
Authors:   Šiaulių valstybinė kolegija / Higher Education Institution, Lithuania, Skikas Tautvydas , Latvėnienė Virginija ,   Šiaulių valstybinė kolegija / Higher Education Institution, Lithuania
Published: October 2023

The article examines the theoretical aspects of the formation of the organization's image. It emphasizes the importance of image in today's business, emphasizing that only by gaining the image of a supportive organization, companies gain a strong advantage in the market. The process of image formation is distinguished, consisting of the internal culture of the organization, employee competencies, product value, manager's behavior, business reputation, social behavior of the organization, visual image and image of the consumers themselves. A questionnaire survey method was selected for the empirical study and a probabilistic method of selecting subjects was applied – random selection. The analysis of the survey results enabled to assess the JSC Baltic Agro company's image based on the distinguished image formation factors and the identified elements of the organization's image. Keywords: image of organization, external image, internal image, elements of the image, factors of image formation.
The New Era of Full Stack Development
Authors: Shrivastava Vishal , Sharma Sangeeta , Marwal Naresh Kumar , Khan Faisal Sohel
Published: October 2023

This is a compact examination of the development of the full stack improvement because of headway of innovation and the presentation of cloud. It helps provide you with a superior comprehension of what full stack improvement was and how full stack advancement developed, it shows an interpretation of the way that full stack improvement is not dead and has quite recently advanced to more readily oblige the client's needs.
Nature and Culture in the Age of Environmental Crisis: Digital Analysis of a Global Debate in The UNESCO Courier, 1948-2020
Authors: Martin Benjamin , Norén Fredrik Mohammadi
Published: October 2023

This study uses digital text analysis, focusing on LDA topic modeling, to conduct a historical investigation of the relationship between the concepts of nature and culture found in the pages of the official magazine of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, The UNESCO Courier, between 1948 and 2020. The relationship between the concepts of nature and culture has historically been at the core of concerns about the environment and sustainability; Courier offers a means of charting a global conversation on these concepts. After presenting the corpus and our methods, the paper documents three approaches to LDA topic modeling that we have tested, through which we seek to make topic modeling useful for the field of conceptual history. Our empirical findings suggest that the concepts of nature and culture have come to be increasingly close over the course of the last six decades, while the stakes of the very distinction between the concepts have changed radically. Our methodological tests support the argument that topic modeling can be a valuable tool for conceptual history, albeit one that must be handled with care.
Klarspråk i Helse-Norge
Authors: Nylenna Magne , Hem Erlend
Published: October 2023

Klarspråk – internasjonalt kjent som Plain Language eller Clear Language – er et satsingsfelt i både offentlig og privat sektor over hele verden. Tidsskriftet Sakprosa har invitert eksperter fra en rekke fagfelt til å skrive artikler om klarspråk ut fra eget perspektiv. Først ute er Magne Nylenna, professor emeritus i samfunnsmedisin ved Universitetet i Oslo og medlem av Gruppe for norsk medisinsk fagspråk, og Erlend Hem, instituttsjef ved Legeforskningsinstituttet, professor i atferdsmedisin ved Universitetet i Oslo og leder av Gruppe for norsk medisinsk fagspråk. Tekstene er ikke fagfellevurderte vitenskapelige artikler, men kyndige faglige innspill i et felt hvor dialogen mellom vitenskap og dagsaktuell praksis er særlig viktig. I 2015 publiserte tidsskriftet et temanummer om klarspråk med fagfellevurderte artikler. Vi håper den aktuelle artikkelserien kan stimulere forskerkolleger i Norden til å bidra med flere vitenskapelige artikler i årene som kommer.
MÔ HÌNH BỆNH DA THƯỜNG GẶP CỦA BỆNH NHÂN TẠI 10 TỈNH TRONG ĐỢT ĐIỀU TRA DỊCH TỄ NĂM 2022 CỦA BỆNH VIỆN DA LIỄU TRUNG ƯƠNG
Authors: Đinh Hữu Nghị , Nguyễn Mậu Tráng , Lê Thị Mai , Hà Tuấn Minh , Hồ Phương Thùy , Vũ Thanh Tùng , Nguyễn Mạnh Tân , Dương Phúc Hiếu , Nguyễn Thị Ngọc Anh , Hà Anh Minh , Lê Hữu Doanh
Published: October 2023

Đặt vấn đề: Bệnh da liễu có tỷ lệ mắc bệnh cao và ảnh hưởng nhiều tới chất lượng cuộc sống. Để có một cái nhìn tổng quát về mô hình bệnh da liễu thường gặp tại cộng đồng, chúng tôi tiến hành nghiên cứu với mục đích khảo sát đặc điểm mô hình bệnh da thường gặp tại 10 tỉnh thuộc khu vực phía Bắc và phía Nam.
Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả, lấy toàn bộ bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán có bệnh da (4354 bệnh nhân) trong đợt khám điều tra dịch tễ do Bệnh viện Da liễu Trung ương tổ chức tại 38 xã thuộc 10 tỉnh.
Kết quả: Nhóm bệnh da cơ địa - dị ứng có tỷ lệ cao nhất với 34,1%, tiếp sau đó là bệnh sẩn ngứa 21,1%. Tổng các nhóm bệnh da nhiễm trùng chiếm 31,1%, trong đó nấm da đóng góp 13,5%. Đặc biệt, có 8 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán lần đầu mắc bệnh phong.
Kết luận: Theo kết quả điều tra dịch tễ của chúng tôi, nhóm bệnh da dị ứng - cơ địa chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất trong mô hình các bệnh da thường gặp ở cộng đồng. Tuy nhiên, nhóm bệnh da nhiễm trùng, nội bật là nấm da và ghẻ vẫn chiếm tỷ lệ cao, đặc biệt là ở vùng miền núi phía Bắc và Tây Nguyên.
Ngày nhận bài: 01/06/2023
Ngày phản biện: 15/06/2023
Ngày chấp nhận đăng: 25/06/2023
The Role of Purchase Intention as an Intervening Variable of Service Quality and Word of Mouth on Purchasing Decisions at PT Berlian Jasa Terminal Indonesia (PT BJTI PORT)
Authors: Herlambang Anggit Julio , Triyonowati Triyonowati , Prijati Prijati
Published: October 2023

This study aims to examine and analyze the role of purchase intention as an intervening variable of service quality and word of mouth on purchasing decisions at PT. Berlian Jasa Terminal Indonesia (PT BJTI PORT). Several factors influence the buyer's decision including cultural factors, social factors, personal factors, and psychological factors and there are four factors 1) product, 2) price, 3) promotion, and 4) location. The sampling technique was purposive sampling with a total of 100 respondents. The methodology in this study is descriptive-quantitative using descriptive analysis and inferential statistics, namely, this research analysis of inferential statistical data is measured using WarpPLS version 5.0 PLS (Partial Least Square) software. Based on the results of data analysis regarding direct and indirect influences, it shows that service quality does not influence purchasing decisions, word of mouth influences purchasing decisions, buying interest influences purchasing decisions, and buying interest is unable to intervene or is unable to mediate influence. service quality on purchasing decisions while buying interest can intervene or be able to mediate the influence of word of mouth on purchasing decisions. This means that buying interest can encourage or direct consumers to make purchasing decisions at PT. Berlian Jasa Terminal Indonesia (PT BJTI PORT)
Using Vitrification–Dehydration Method as a New Protocol for In-vitro Cryopreservation of Date Palm Shoot Tip Cultivars
Authors: Mohasseb Heba Allah A.
Published: October 2023

This study was conducted to develop an in vitro method for the short-term conservation of the planting materials of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera). The conservation of the genetic resources of date palm species and germplasm represented by the cryopreservation of biological material, such as shoot tips of date palm dropped in LN (Liquid Nitrogen) at low temperatures, is a safe method. The main objective of this study was the collection and in vitro germplasm preservation of the date palm cultivars, and this study evaluated the in vitro preservation and genetic stability of date palm shoot tip explants using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in the medium for long-term storage. Shoot tip explants of about 2-3 cm in length were excised from in vitro cultures and were transferred to preservation media. The results showed that the highest rates of survival (80%) and recovery (75%) were observed with 1.2 M sucrose. To determine the effect of vitrification on freezing tolerances, cultures were exposed to a solution that dissolved the glaze for 60-80 minutes. The maximum survival rate obtained with exposed cultures was 85%. RAPD (randomly amplified polymorphic DNA) was used to explain the differences in the genetic characteristics of cryogenic tissue cultures and non-cryogenic tissues of date palm. Both were similar to the germinated date palm in the open field. Finally, the cryopreserved plants were able to adapt to free-living conditions after acclimatization, All aspects will contribute to the improvement of the currently available techniques for the in vitro germplasm conservation of date palms.
Emerging Applications of Longstanding Autonomous Ocean Carbon Observations
Authors:   NOAA PMEL, Sutton Adrienne , Sabine Christopher
Published: October 2023

For over two decades, NOAA’s Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) has been developing and deploying autonomous ocean carbon measurement technologies. PMEL currently maintains a network of air-sea CO2 and ocean acidification time series measurements on 33 surface buoys, including the world’s longest record of air-sea CO2 measured from a buoy. These sites are located in every ocean basin and in a variety of ecosystems, from coastal to open ocean and sub-polar to tropical. The network provides more than half of today’s ocean carbonate chemistry time-series records that qualify as long-term, publicly available, and collected at subseasonal timescales. Here, we briefly review the motivation for establishing the network, the research and applications made possible from the observations, and how sustained autonomous time series generate unique information about a changing ocean needed to inform mitigation and adaptation approaches in a changing world.
Advancing Observational Infrastructure in the Arctic
Authors:   NOAA PMEL, Stalin Scott , Bell Shaun , Delich Nicholas , Mordy Calvin , Stabeno Phyllis , Tabisola Heather , Tagawa Dirk
Published: October 2023

Sampling under ice-covered seas, such as the Chukchi and Bering, is difficult. Vessels capable of working in ice are limited, ice destroys surface floats, and ice keels on the shallow Chukchi shelf can extend downward 30 m, confining subsurface moorings to the near bottom. Hence, there is limited data from beneath the ice and in the marginal ice-edge zones. The Innovative Technology for Arctic Exploration (ITAE) program focuses on development of specialized tools tailored to these challenging environmental conditions. In addition, a new data acquisition system will improve transmission of full resolution data in real time. These new technologies are important for the Ecosystems and Fisheries Oceanography Coordinated Investigations (EcoFOCI) program, which maintains NOAA’s largest observing network in the US Arctic (Tabisola et al., 2022).
Quantitative trait loci analysis for seed quality traits in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) recombinant inbred lines
Authors: J VANITHA  , N MANIVANNAN  , R CHANDIRAKALA  , S ABIRAMI
Published: October 2023

The present investigation was carried out in sunflower F2:5 progenies of a cross TNHSF239-68-1-1-1 x 17B to identify the markers associated with seed quality traits. In this study, the QTL mapping work was based on the genotyping data obtained in the segregating population for the publicly available ORS markers previously mapped was used. In ICIM, the QTL analysis resulted into five QTLs viz., volume weight, seed colour, strips on margin, pollen colour and oil content. The QTL for volume weight had a LOD of 2.93 and 24.86 per cent of phenotypic variation with the flanking markers ORS471 and ORS1265 on chromosome 7. The QTL for seed colour was formed on chromosome 11 had a LOD of 36.58 and 96.46 per cent of phenotypic variation with the flanking markers ORS707 and ORS503. The QTL for strips on margin wasformed on chromosome 10 had a LOD of 3.23 and 63.88 per cent of phenotypic variation with the flanking markers ORS502 and ORS1037. The QTL for pollen colour had a LOD of 64.52 and 97.94 per cent of phenotypic variation with the flanking markers ORS707 and ORS503 on chromosome 11. The QTL for oil content was formed on chromosome 8 had a LOD of 2.51 and 28.99 per cent of phenotypic variation with the flanking markers ORS537 and ORS613. Hence the QTL identified for seed quality traits with closely linked markers may be exploited for the genetic improvement of sunflower genotypes through marker assisted selection.
Inheritance of pod shattering in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill.]
Authors: DILIP S THAKARE  , VIVEK P CHIMOTE  , M P DESHMUKH  , R C ROKADE  , A T ADSUL
Published: October 2023

In the present investigation, inheritance of pod shattering in soybean was studied in three crosses involving four parents, among them MACS-450 and DS-9712 were tolerant to pod shattering while Monetta and Kalitur were susceptible to pod shattering. The contrasting parents were used to develop three cross combinations viz., Monetta × MACS-450, Kalitur × DS-9712 and Kalitur × MACS-450. Inheritance of pod shattering was found to be governed by partial dominance of susceptibility over the resistance. Two major genes with inhibitory epistasis were involved in inheritance of pod shattering in soybean. As regardsto inheritance of pod shattering tolerance parents MACS-450 and DS-9712, F1s of susceptible × resistant crosses and backcrosses with resistant parent showed tolerance. Two major genes with inhibitory epistasis were involved in inheritance of pod shattering in soybean as evidenced from F2 ratio (13:3) and confirmed by test cross ratio (3:1) in tolerant × susceptible crosses. Two dominant genes with inhibitory epistasis were involved in the inheritance of pod shattering tolerance in soybean.
Crop diversification with castor (Ricinus communis L.) for enhancing the productivity, profitability and resource conservation under rice based cropping system
Authors: P KATHIRVELAN  , S MANICKAM  , S R VENKATACHALAM  , P ARUTCHENTHIL  , M DEIVAMANI
Published: October 2023

On-farm experimental trials were conducted to find out the efficient, productive and remunerative crop in the existing rice based cropping systemfor sustaining the productivity and conserving natural resources inCauvery delta region of Tamil Nadu during summer 2015 and kharif 2015. The experiments were laid out in randomized block design and replicated four times with the following cropping sequence viz., rice -rice, rice - blackgram, rice - cotton, rice -sesame, rice - maize and rice - castor. The results revealed that the productivity ofsucceeding rice during kharif 2015 was significantly higher (5.85 t/ha) with rice - castor system while the lowest rice productivity was recorded under rice - rice (5.25 t/ha) cropping system. System productivity in terms of rice equivalent yield was significantly higher (14.1 t/ha) in rice - cotton systemfollowed byrice-blackgram, rice-maize and rice-castor. Significantly higher total biomass addition of 15.5 t/ha was recorded under rice-castor cropping system which was followed by rice-cotton cropping system (10.8 t/ha) which directly influenced organic carbon content (0.46 %), biomass carbon (598 mg/kg) which in turn improved bulk density (1.30). The highest net returns of `121360/ha and higher benefit : cost ratio of 3.1 was realized under rice-castor cropping system.
Physio-biochemical evaluation of soybean (Glycine max L.) genotypes exhibiting variable seed coat colour
Authors: M T THOMBRE  , S V DAMAME  , P K LOKHANDE  , R M NAIK
Published: October 2023

Eighteen promising soybean genotypes having different seed coat colour i.e. yellow, green, brown and black were examined for physio-biochemical differences. The highest mean crude protein content was recorded in brown (42.86%), followed by yellow coloured seeds. The yellow coloured seeds recorded the highest mean crude fat content (19.86%). The mean crude fibre content was highest in brown seeds (6.36%), followed by black coloured seeds. Mean seed coat lignin (16.60%), trypsin inhibitor (62.81 TIU g-1) in defatted flour and seed coat peroxidase activity (530 hmoles H2O2 decomposed mg-1 protein min-1) was highest in black coloured seeds. The lowest mean per cent mechanical damage was recorded in black coloured genotypes by ferric chloride test and in brown coloured genotypes by sodium hypochlorite test. The highest seed coat proportion, mean mechanical strength and the lowest mean EC was recorded in black coloured seeds. Mean per cent germination, seed vigour index-I as well as seed vigour index-II and hundred seed weight were recorded highest in yellow seed coat coloured soybean genotypes.
Study on genetic divergence analysis of indigenous and exotic lines of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) based on morphological and quality traits
Authors: DEVENDER SHARMA  , SATISH PAUL  , RANJANA PATIAL
Published: October 2023

Thirty genotypes of linseed were analysed for sixteen morphological traits to investigate the genetic diversity between and within the genotypes. Field data was initially subjected to analysis of variance. There were highly significant differences among the genotypes for all the traits indicating the presence of adequate variability among the genotypes and the possibility to undertake cluster analysis. The phenotypic divergence and relative importance were estimated bymultivariate analysis. The cluster analysis based on Tocher's method classified the genotypes into nine major groups. The maximum distance was found between clusters VI and VIII. The genotypes from these clusters can be utilized for the improvement of linseed yield and obtaining good segregants in linseed breeding programs.
Generation mean analysis of yield and mineral nutrient concentrations in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: B C AJAY  , H N MEENA  , A L SINGH  , M C DAGLA  , NARENDRA KUMAR  , S K BERA  , K GANGADHAR  , A D MAKWANA
Published: October 2023

Present study was undertaken to study the inheritance pattern of yield and mineral nutrients (Iron, Phosphorus, Potassium and Zinc) using five parameter generation mean analysis (P1, P2, F1, F2 and F3) in two peanut crosses(Girnar-3 × FDRS-10 and TG-37A × FDRS-10). Scaling and joint scaling tests were significant for most charactersstudied indicating that additive-dominance model alone is not enough to explain the inheritance of characters studied. Both additive and dominance variance played important role for most of the traits. Traits PY, HY, HKW, SHP andRDWare governed by additive gene whereas Kshoot , Kroot, Feshoot, Feroot, Pshoot and Proot were governed by both additive and non-additive gene effects. Positive estimates of 'i' for Zn, K and P in cross-1 (Girnar-3 × FDRS-10) indicates that parents employed were phenotypically diverse. Therefore cross-1 holds better chance for identifying genotypes with highmineral concentrations without compromising yield levels. Hence, pedigree method of breeding could be followed for improving yield and selection could be followed in later generation when population is stable to select genotypes with high mineral concentrations.
Phenophasic heat units requirement and growth variations of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) varieties under different sowing dates
Authors: S V KHADTARE  , S K SHINDE  , V M TORADMAL
Published: October 2023

The field experiment was conducted at the dry farming research station, Solapur having three different sowing dates and seven varieties of safflower. Early sown safflower requires 7-9 days more for attaining physiological maturity than latest sown safflower. Among the varieties, SSF-708 was found significantly more efficient over other genotypes in duration and yield. The deviation in heat unit requirement among early and late sown safflower due to sowing dates was <100°C. Early sown safflower completed the life cycle by obtaining 1684°C heat units. Variety SSF-708 attained physiological maturity at 1492°C and NARI-57 the late maturing variety attended physiologicalmaturity at 1628°C heat units. Similar trend was noticed in helio and photothermal units requirement ofsafflower. An increasing trend in leaf area upto 50 per cent flowering and gravitating trend towards the physiological maturity was noticed over sowing dates. Higher dry matter (DMP) was noticed under crop sown during first and second fortnight of September. At the end of physiological maturity, SSF-748 found better (94.32 g/plant) and SSF-708 (91.44 g/plant) was second in order for dry matter production.
Effect of Rice Bran Oil Spread (RBOS) as a fat substitute on the sensory properties of baked products
Authors: RIZWANA SHAIK  , APARNA KUNA  , MOHIBBE AZAM  , MANORAMA KANURI
Published: October 2023

Studies were carried out to replace Hydrogenated Fat (HF) with Rice Bran Oil (RBO) and two varieties of Rice Bran Oil Spread - RBOS1 and RBOS2 in the preparation of cake, cookies, piecrusts, muffins and doughnuts. Sensory evaluation of all the baked products prepared with HF, RBO, RBOS1 and RBOS2 was carried out using a 9 point hedonic score card and results indicated that cakes were most liked followed by piecrust and muffins prepared with RBOS2. There was no significant difference in overall acceptability of baked products made with HF and RBOS2 indicating that RBOS2 can be used for development of baked products without any compromise on the sensory attributes. All baked products made with RBOS2 were well accepted by the respondents compared to HF indicating that RBOS2 can be popularized as a baking fat.
QTL mapping for rust resistance in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: ROHINI M KOLEKAR
Published: October 2023

Among biotic stress, rust is the major fungal disease of groundnut which causes drastic yield loss globally. Cultivation ofresistant genotype is better than the use of chemical fungicides for sustainable agriculture. Considering the limitations of traditional breeding method which rely on the phenotypic selection, Marker assisted breeding (MAB) is more advantageous for the development of resistant genotype. Many different types of molecular markers are being developed in the groundnut and also being used to map Quantitative trait loci (QTL) for rust resistance. Identification of molecular markers which are closely linked to the QTL and/or candidate gene for rust resistance and their utilization in the Marker assisted selection (MAS) has been noticed in this review. Breeders can implement those molecular markers for the screening and development of rust resistant genotypes in groundnut.
GNCH-1: a high yielding, wilt and leafhopper resistant castor hybrid suitable for Gujarat
Authors: R S BHAKTA  , V A LODAM  , D A CHAUHAN  , D A PATEL  , V M PATEL  , C G INTWALA  , R B ARDESHNA  , H P PATEL  , S N GAJJAR  , P DURAIMURUGAN  , C LAVANYA  , M SANTHA LAKSHMI PRASAD
Published: October 2023

GNCH-1 a high yielding, wilt and leafhopper resistant castor hybrid was developed by Pulses and Castor ResearchStation, Navsari Agricultural University,Navsari, Gujarat and released byCentral Sub-Committee onCrop Standards, Notification and Release (CVRC) of Variety for Agricultural Crops in 2017 for commercial cultivation under irrigated situation of Gujarat State, India. The hybrid GNCH-1 was developed by crossing a pistillate line SKP-84 with a male line DCS-94. On an average of 18 trials conducted for five years in south and middle Gujarat, the hybrid GNCH-1 recorded a seed yield of 2545 kg/ha which is 13.8, 35.9 and 31.0 per cent higher yield over the checks GCH-7, DCH-519 and DCH-177, respectively. The hybrid had long primary spike (64.8 cm), more numbers of capsules per primary spike (78.4), matures within 110-112 days and medium height (70-80 cm) which makes itsuitable for easy harvesting. The oil content of the hybrid GNCH-1 (47.0 to 48.0 %) revealed that it is at par with the checks. The hybrid screened for wilt at national wilt sick plots showed resistance reactions (< 20%) to wilt. GNCH-1 screened against leafhopper using infester row method during 2014-17 showed resistant reaction to leafhopper (hopper burn grade 0 to 1 on 0-4 scale). The hybrid demonstrated in the farmers fields for two years (2016-18) showed higher seed yield than the existing cultivars. Due to plasticity for sowing time, this new hybrid is a suitable choice for the farmers of south and middle Gujarat under irrigated condition during late kharif and rabi seasons and paddy based cropping system.
Screening of genotypes against castor wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ricini)
Authors: K BHATI  , R S BHAKTA  , V A PATIL  , V A LODAM
Published: October 2023

Assessment of genotypes by artificial wilt screening was done on a set of forty genotypes of castor grown during rabi 2015-16 at Pulses and Castor Research Station, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, Gujarat. Among the genotypes studied, 16 (JI-422,JI-384,JI-416,JI-402, JI-258, SKP-84, GEETA, JP-86, JI-368, JI-403, JI-423, JI-424, SKP-72, SKP-106, RG-43 and 48-1) showed resistant reaction for wilt disease. Thus the resistant genotypes can be used in breeding programme to develop wilt resistant varieties/hybrids in castor.
Response of integrated nutrient management on growth, seed yield and economics of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) under rainfed conditions in sub montane Punjab
Authors: VIVEK SHARMA  , M J SINGH  , VIJAY KUMAR  , ANIL KHOKHAR
Published: October 2023

Experiment was conducted during kharif 2014 and 2015, under rainfed conditions using sesame cv. RT 346, in sandy loam soil at Regional Research Station (Punjab Agricultural University) Ballowal Saunkhri, SBS Nagar District, Punjab. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of different levels of N, P and K on seed yield, nutrient uptake and agronomic efficiencies in sesame. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with 6 treatments viz., Control, 35:0:0 (basal dose), 35:0:0 (basal dose) + 10 ton FYM/ha, 70:0:0 (2 N splits), 70:40:0 (2 N splits), 70:40:15 (2 N splits). Among the different treatments, application of NPK as 70:40:0 with nitrogen in two splits recorded the maximumvalues for growth parameters viz., plant height, number of branches per plant and yield attributes viz., number of capsules plant per plant and number of seeds capsule per capsule and this treatment was at par with application of NPK as 70:0:0 treatment (2 N splits) and 35:0:0+10 ton FYM/ha treatment. Highest average seed yield of 852 kg/ha was recorded with treatment 70:40:0 with nitrogen in two splits which was 44 per cent higher over the control treatment. The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake was also highest in the treatment NPK 70:40:0 followed by 70:0:0 and 35:0:0 + 10t/ha FYM, which was significantly higher over the control treatment. The net return (` 42,545) and B:C ratio (3.34) was also highest in the treatment 70:40:0 as compared to the other treatments.
Genetic variability, character association and path coefficient analysis for pod yield and drought tolerance in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: P M SALUNKE  , M V DHUPPE  , N P INGLE  , A D DAKE
Published: October 2023

A field experiment was conducted at Oilseeds Research station, Latur during rabi 2017-18 to evaluate twenty four genotypes of groundnut for genetic variability, character association and path analysis for ten characters under both stress and non stress conditions. Results revealed high phenotypic correlation coefficients (PCV) and genotypic correlation coefficients (GCV) for kernel yield and pod yield per plant and GCV were higher than PCV suggesting strong inherent association under both conditions. High heritability accompanied with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was recorded for kernel yield and pod yield per plant under non stress condition and kernel yield, pod yield, number of pods per plant and SCMR under stress condition. Pod yield exhibited highest positive and significant association with number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, kernel yield per plant, test weight, harvest index and SPAD Chlorophyll Meter Reading (SCMR) at both genotypic and phenotypic level under non stress condition. Path coefficients among the characters showed that kernel yield per plant, number ofseeds per pod and harvest index exerted highest positive direct effect on pod yield per plant under non stress and stress conditions.
Evaluation of biocontrol potential of thermotolerant Trichoderma and Pseudomonas against seed and soil borne diseases of safflower
Authors: D R MURUMKAR  , D V INDI  , R D PRASAD  , S K SHINDE
Published: October 2023

A field experiment was conducted for two consecutive rabi seasons from 2012-13 to 2013-14 to evaluate the biocontrol potential of a thermotolerant Trichoderma strain (Th4d) and a Pseudomonas strain (P1) as seed dressers for management of seed and soil borne diseases of safflower. Among different seed treatments, carbendazim 50% WP @ 2g/kg seed recorded the least incidence of Macrophomina root rot (7.71%), Fusarium wilt (9.50%) and Phytophthora seedling blight (12.05%) followed by Trichoderma harzianum Th4d SC @ 2ml/kg seed (8.84%, 11.09% and 14.95%), Trichoderma harzianum Th4d WP @ 10g/kg seed (10.11%, 12.03% and 15.93%) and Pseudomonas sp. P1WP @ 5g/kg seed (10.59%, 12.32% and 17.07%) . Moreover, seed treatment with carbendazim 50% WP @ 2g/kg seed recorded highest seed yield (806 kg/ha) and Benefit: Cost ratio of 1.84 followed by T. harzianum Th4d SC @ 2 ml/kg seed (770 kg/ha, 1.76), T. harzianum Th4d WP @ 10g/kg seed (743 kg/ha, 1.70) and bacteria P1 WP @ 5g/kg seed (691 kg/ha, 1.58) which were statistically at par with each other. The overall results indicated that for effective and economical management of the seed/soil borne diseases of safflower and getting higher seed yield, it is recommended to treat the safflower seed before sowing with carbendazim 50% WP @ 2 g/kg or Trichoderma harzianum Th4d SC @ 2ml/kg or Trichoderma harzianum Th4d WP @ 10g/kg or Pseudomonas sp. P1 WP @ 5g/kg seed.
Evaluation of botanicals against mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) in Mid Hills of Meghalaya
Authors: PARTHA DEBNATH  , RACHNA PANDE  , SANDIP PATRA  , JAYANTA LAYEK  , G I RAMKRUSHNA  , REMIIO NEWYEAR BAMON  , DIPALI MAJUMDAR
Published: October 2023

A field experiment was carried out at ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam to evaluate some botanicals against mustard aphid Lipaphis erysimi. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with eight treatments and three replications. The mustard seeds(cv. Varuna) was sown during third week of October. The treatments viz., Bakain (Melia azedarach) leaf extract (5%aqueous solution), Lantana (Lantana camara) leaf extract (5% aqueous solution), Turmeric (Curcuma longa) rhizome powder (5% aqueous solution), Marigold (Tagetes erecta) leaf extract (5% aqueous solution), Vasaka (Adhatoda vasica) leaf extract (5% aqueous solution), chloropyrifos 20% EC (200 g a.i./ha) and imidacloprid 17.8% SL (25 g a.i./ha) along with control were applied at fifteen days interval. Results revealed that Melia azedarach was best among all botanicals with 50.5-61.9 per cent and 50.7-57.5 per cent reduction of aphid population during first and second spray, respectively. Next best treatment was Adhatoda vasica followed by Curcuma longa, Lantana camara and Tagetes erecta. Among all the treatments, chloropyrifos and imidacloprid recorded maximum reduction of aphid population after both the spray. Although all botanicals showed less toxicity towards non-target organisms whereas chlorpyriphos and imidacloprid were highly toxic to honey bees and coccinellid beetles.
Trombay Bidhan Mustard-204 (TBM-204): A high yielding yellow seed coat mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. and Coss.] variety notified for West Bengal
Authors: AMITAVA DUTTA  , SANJAY J JAMBHULKAR  , ARCHANA N RAI  , SHANKAR BHUJBAL  , H BANERJEE  , R DAS  , S DEWANJEE  , S SARKAR  , M PRAMANIK  , S MANDAL
Published: October 2023

TrombayBidhanMustard-204 (TBM-204) has been notified throughCentral varietyrelease committee (CVRC) for cultivation in the state of West Bengal [S.O.No. 3220 (E) 5 th September, 2019]. The variety recorded a significant increase of 23% over the national check, Kranti (1213 kg/ha) in initial varietal trial (IVT) under timely sown rainfed conditions of Zone-V during rabi 2016-17. Further, the variety demonstrated a potential average seed yield of 1336 kg/ha compared to national check Kranti (1211 kg/ha), zonal check Pusa Bold (1159 kg/ha) and local check B-9 (948 kg/ha) in multi-location yield trial conducted at different agroclimatic zones of West Bengal over 4 years. TBM-204 is tolerant to insect pest aphids and diseases like Alternaria blight and white rust under field conditions. The variety, TBM-204 with yellow seed coat and high oil content (41%) is also preferred by the farmers because it does not lodge or shatter at maturity. The variety with higher seed yield and B:C ratio over B-9 in field demonstration is proposed as an alternative to B-9. Molecular marker analysis depicted distinct SSR alleles for TBM-204 compared to Kranti and Pusa Bold.
Effect of different phosphorus management practices on growth, yield and economics of summer groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: RAGHAVENDRA NAGAR  , RAM A JAT  , R K MATHUKIA  , R R CHOUDHARY  , KIRAN K REDDY
Published: October 2023

A field experiment was conducted during summer, 2018 at Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, to studyeffect ofimproved microbial cultures on P nutrients, growth and yield ofsummer groundnut using improved microbial cultures. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with ten treatments, replicated thrice. The results revealed that application of 100 % RDP + FYM @ 5 t/ha was found significantly superior over rest of the treatments with respect to growth, yield and nutrient uptake. Treatments comprisingmicrobial cultures viz., 100% RDP + DGRC 1 and 100% RDP + DGRC 2 produced significantly higher number of pegs/plant, number and weight of mature pods/plant, pod and haulm yield over 100% RDP. Maximum gross returns ( 1,12,251/ha) were obtained with the application of 100% RDP + FYM @5 t/ha compared to rest of the treatments while highest net returns (`56,058/ha) and benefit-cost ratio (2.3) was gained with 100% RDP + DGRC 1.
Response of castor (Ricinus communis L.) to crop geometry and potassium on growth, yield attributes and yields under irrigated condition
Authors: P M VAGHASIA  , R L DAVARIYA  , R N DAKI  , K L DOBARIYA
Published: October 2023

A field experiment was conducted at Main Oilseeds Research Station, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh (Gujarat) during kharif season of 2013-14 to 2015-16. The soil was medium black and clayey in texture.The experiment was laid out in Split Plot Design comprising four levels of plant geometry (G1:150 cm x 90 cm, G2: 150 cm x 60 cm, G3: 120 cm x 90 cm and G4: 120 cm x 60 cm) allotted to main plots and four potassium levels (K1:Control, K2: 20 kg K2O/ha, K3: 40 kg K2O/ha and K4: 50 kg K2O/ha) assigned to sub plots and replicated thrice. The results indicated that castor sown at 150 cm x 60 cm and 120 cm x 60 cm spacing recorded significantly higherplant population, plant height, number of branches, number ofspikes, length of main spike, number of capsules per spike and seed yield in pooled results. While, almost all the growth characters, yield attributes, quality parametersand seed yield were found significantly higher when crop was fertilized with 40 and 50 kg K2O/ha. Interaction effect between crop geometry and potassium levels was significant and crop geometry of 120 cm x 60 cm with potassium application @ 40 kg K2O/ha (G4K3) recorded significantly higher castor seed yield (3714 kg/ha) and net return (`1,01,290/ha) with B:C ratio of 3.81. It was concluded that kharif castor should be sown at 120 cm x 60 cm with an application of potassium @ 40 kg K2O/ha along with recommended dose of nitrogen and phosphorus (120-50 kg NP/ha) for obtaining higher seed yield and net return.
An application of ARIMAX model for forecasting of castor production in India
Authors: R VIJAYA KUMARI  , G RAMAKRISHNA  , VENKATESH PANASA  , A SREENIVAS
Published: October 2023

When an ARIMA model includes other time series as input variables, the model is referred to as an ARIMAX model. The autoregressive integrated moving average with exogenous variable (ARIMAX) model can take the impact of covariates on the forecasting into account, improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the prediction. In this paper, ARIMAX model has been applied to forecast castor production in India which includes time series data on rainfall as input exogenous variable. ARIMAX (111) is found to be the best model for future projections of castor production in India. The analysis of 53 years data from 1966-67 to 2018-19 predicted that castor production may increase to 1547.05 thousand tonnes by the year 2020-21 and 1674.90 thousand tonnes by the year 2021-22.
Influence of sowing environments on yield of sesame genotypes under shifting weather conditions of Deccan Plateau (Telangana)
Authors: RATNAKUMAR PASALA  , KULASEKARAN RAMESH
Published: October 2023

Climate change poses a challenge to sustainability of agricultural ecosystems and in turn the social and economic development, livelihoods of communities in the world and India is no exception. Sesame is an important oilseed crop that has nutritional components such as lignans (antioxidant), sesamol along with tocopherols. This crop is grown under varied climatic conditions in the country even though it is highly sensitive to thermal regimes. Therefore, identifying or breeding sesame varieties with adaptation to wider ecological regions with high yield potential is the need of the hour. To identify high yielding sesame genotypes under shifting weather conditions of Deccan Plateau, an experiment was conducted with different dates of sowing. The sowing dates were designed in such a way that it considered the present cropping situation where it is grown after the harvest of the kharif crop. A set of popular farmer preferred sesame varieties that are generally grown in different sesame growing regions of the country viz., GT 10, GT 3, GT 4, RT 346, RT 351, Swetha til, YLM 66 and CUMS 17 were selected for the study. Among them, GT 10 performed better under October sowing under agro-ecological regions of Telangana while GT3, GT 4, RT 346, RT 351, Swetha til, YLM 66 and CUMS 17 recorded maximum seed yield with November sowing. Among the genotypes, CUMS 17 recorded the maximum seed yield during both October and November sowings. If a farmer has a choice of sowing rabi crop immediately after the harvest of kharif crop, he may opt for late rabi sowing area of Telangana with GT 10. In case there is a delay, choose other varieties to harvest maximum seed yield.