bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 mRNA booster vaccine induces transient CD8+ T effector cell responses while conserving the memory pool for subsequent reactivation
Authors: Reinscheid Matthias , Luxenburger Hendrik , Karl Vivien , Graeser Anne , Giese Sebastian , Ciminski Kevin , Reeg David B. , Oberhardt Valerie , Roehlen Natascha , Lang-Meli Julia , Heim Kathrin , Gross Nina , Baum Christina , Rieg Siegbert , Speer Claudius , Emmerich Florian , Breisinger Susanne , Steinmann Daniel , Bengsch Bertram , Boettler Tobias , Kochs Georg , Schwemmle Martin , Thimme Robert , Neumann-Haefelin Christoph , Hofmann Maike
Published: August 2022

Immunization with two mRNA vaccine doses elicits robust spike-specific CD8+ T cell responses, but reports of waning immunity after COVID-19 vaccination prompt the introduction of booster vaccination campaigns. However, the effect of mRNA booster vaccination on the spike-specific CD8+ T cell response remains unclear. Here we show that spike-specific CD8+ T cells are activated and expanded in all analyzed individuals receiving the 3rd and 4th mRNA vaccine shots. This CD8+ T cell boost response is followed by a contraction phase and lasts only for about 30-60 days. The spike-specific CD8+ T memory stem cell pool is not affected by the 3rd vaccination. Both 4th vaccination and breakthrough infections with Delta and Omicron rapidly reactivate CD8+ T memory cells. In contrast, neutralizing antibody responses display little boost effect towards Omicron. Thus, COVID-19 mRNA booster vaccination elicits a transient T effector cell response while long-term spike-specific CD8+ T cell immunity is conserved to mount robust memory recall targeting emerging variants of concern.
A quantitative analysis of various patterns applied in lattice light sheet microscopy
Authors: Shi Yu , Daugird Timothy A. , Legant Wesley R.
Published: August 2022

Light sheet microscopes reduce phototoxicity and background and improve imaging speed compared to widefield and confocal microscopes. However, when equipped with Gaussian beams, the axial resolving power of a light sheet microscope and the observable field of view are inversely related. Light sheets based on dithered optical lattices improve axial resolution and beam uniformity compared Gaussian beams by using axially structured illumination patterns. However, these advantages come at the expense of an increased total illumination to the specimen and a decreased axial confinement of the illumination pattern. Using simulations and experimental measurements in fixed and live cells, we quantify the differences between Gaussian and lattice light sheets on beam uniformity, axial resolution, lateral resolution, and photobleaching. We demonstrate how different optical lattice illumination patterns can be tuned to prioritize either axial resolution or optical sectioning. Finally, we introduce an approach to spectrally fuse sequential acquisitions of different lattice light sheet patterns with complementary optical properties to achieve both high resolution and low background images.
Topological superfluid defects with discrete point group symmetries
Authors: Xiao Y. , Borgh M. O. , Blinova A. , Ollikainen T. , Ruostekoski J. , Hall D. S.
Published: August 2022

Discrete symmetries are spatially ubiquitous but are often hidden in internal states of systems where they can have especially profound consequences. In this work we create and verify exotic magnetic phases of atomic spinor Bose–Einstein condensates that, despite their continuous character and intrinsic spatial isotropy, exhibit complex discrete polytope symmetries in their topological defects. Using carefully tailored spinor rotations and microwave transitions, we engineer singular line defects whose quantization conditions, exchange statistics, and dynamics are fundamentally determined by these underlying symmetries. We show how filling the vortex line singularities with atoms in a variety of different phases leads to core structures that possess magnetic interfaces with rich combinations of discrete and continuous symmetries. Such defects, with their non-commutative properties, could provide unconventional realizations of quantum information and interferometry.
FERARI and cargo adaptors coordinate cargo flow through sorting endosomes
Authors: Solinger Jachen A. , Rashid Harun-Or , Spang Anne
Published: August 2022

Cellular organization, compartmentalization and cell-to-cell communication are crucially dependent on endosomal pathways. Sorting endosomes provide a transit point for various trafficking pathways and decide the fate of proteins: recycling, secretion or degradation. FERARI (Factors for Endosome Recycling and Rab Interactions) play a key role in shaping these compartments and coordinate Rab GTPase function with membrane fusion and fission of vesicles through a kiss-and-run mechanism. Here, we show that FERARI also mediate kiss-and-run of Rab5-positive vesicles with sorting endosomes. During these encounters, cargo flows from Rab5-positive vesicles into sorting endosomes and from there in Rab11-positive vesicles. Cargo flow from sorting endosomes into Rab11 structures relies on the cargo adaptor SNX6, while cargo retention in the Rab11 compartment is dependent on AP1. The available cargo amount appears to regulate the duration of kisses. We propose that FERARI, together with cargo adaptors, coordinate the vectorial flow of cargo through sorting endosomes.
Optimization, kinetics and thermodynamics studies for photocatalytic degradation of Methylene Blue using cadmium selenide nanoparticles
Authors: Gharbani Parvin , Mehrizad Ali , Mosavi Seyyed Amir
Published: August 2022

In this study, the photocatalytic degradation of Methylene Blue was investigated using CdSe nanoparticles. CdSe nanoparticles were synthesized via a simple method and were characterized by FTIR, XRD, FESEM, BET, DRS and EDS techniques. The photocatalytic performance of the CdSe nanoparticles was optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) under visible light. The independent variables involved initial pH, MB concentration, photocatalyst dosage, and irradiation time were evaluated and the optimum photodegradation efficiency of MB dye removal was achieved ˜ 92.80% at pH = 8, 20 mgL−1 of MB concentration, 0.02 g 50 mL−1 of CdSe dosage, and 20 min of irradiation time. Also, the photodegradation of MB by CdSe is obeyed pseudo-first-order kinetic model (k = 0.038 min−1). The thermodynamic results revealed that the photocatalytic degradation of MB is spontaneous and endothermic. Also, the evaluation of various scavengers confirmed that the MB photodegradation was mainly done by photogenerated holes and hydroxyl radicals.
Repeated series learning revisited with a novel prediction on the reduced effect of item frequency in dyslexia
Authors: Kimel Eva , Lieder Itay , Ahissar Merav
Published: August 2022

Developmental dyslexia, a difficulty with acquiring fluent reading, has also been characterized by reduced short-term memory (STM) capacity, which is often operationalized with span tasks. The low performance of individuals with dyslexia (IDDs) in such tasks is commonly attributed to poor phonological memory. However, we suggest an alternative explanation based on the observation that many times the items that are used in spans tasks are high-frequency items (e.g., digit words). We suggest that IDDs do not enjoy the benefit of item frequency to the same extent as controls, and thus their performance in span tasks is especially hampered. On the contrary, learning of repeated sequences was shown to be largely independent of item frequency, and therefore this type of learning may be unimpaired in dyslexia. To test both predictions, we used the Hebb-learning paradigm. We found that IDDs’ performance is especially poor compared to controls’ when high-frequency items are used, and that their repeated series learning does not differ from that of controls. Taken together with existing literature, our findings suggest that impaired learning of repeated series is not a core characteristic of dyslexia, and that the reports on reduced STM in dyslexia may to a large extent be explained by reduced benefit of item frequency.
Analysis of genomic alterations in cancer associated human pancreatic stellate cells
Authors: Böker Viktoria , Häußler Johanna , Baumann Jenny , Sunami Yoshiaki , Trojanowicz Bogusz , Harwardt Bernadette , Hammje Kathrin , von Auw Nadine , Erkan Mert , Krohn Knut , Kleeff Jörg
Published: August 2022

Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) constitute important cells of the pancreatic microenvironment and their close interaction with cancer cells is important in pancreatic cancer. It is currently not known whether PSCs accumulate genetic alterations that contribute to tumor biology. Our aim was to analyze genetic alterations in cancer associated PSCs. PSC DNA was matched to DNA isolated from pancreatic cancer patients’ blood (n = 5) and analyzed by Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS). Bioinformatic analysis was performed using the GATK software and pathogenicity prediction scores. Sanger sequencing was carried out to verify specific genetic alterations in a larger panel of PSCs (n = 50). NGS and GATK analysis identified on average 26 single nucleotide variants in PSC DNA as compared to the matched blood DNA that could be visualized with the Integrative Genomics Viewer. The absence of PDAC driver mutations (KRAS, p53, p16/INK4a, SMAD4) confirmed that PSC isolations were not contaminated with cancer cells. After filtering the variants, using different pathogenicity scores, ten genes were identified (SERPINB2, CNTNAP4, DENND4B, DPP4, FGFBP2, MIGA2, POLE, SNRNP40, TOP2B, and ZDHHC18) in single samples and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. As a proof of concept, functional analysis using control and SERPINB2 knock-out fibroblasts revealed functional effects on growth, migration, and collagen contraction. In conclusion, PSC DNA exhibit a substantial amount of single nucleotide variants that might have functional effects potentially contributing to tumor aggressiveness.
RNA editing facilitates the enhanced production of neoantigens during the simultaneous administration of oxaliplatin and radiotherapy in colorectal cancer
Authors: Komatsu Yasuhiro , Shigeyasu Kunitoshi , Yano Shuya , Takeda Sho , Takahashi Kazutaka , Hata Nanako , Umeda Hibiki , Yoshida Kazuhiro , Mori Yoshiko , Yasui Kazuya , Yoshida Ryuichi , Kondo Yoshitaka , Kishimoto Hiroyuki , Teraishi Fuminori , Umeda Yuzo , Kagawa Shunsuke , Michiue Hiroyuki , Tazawa Hiroshi , Goel Ajay , Fujiwara Toshiyoshi
Published: August 2022

Most cases of colorectal cancers (CRCs) are microsatellite stable (MSS), which frequently demonstrate lower response rates to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). RNA editing produces neoantigens by altering amino acid sequences. In this study, RNA editing was induced artificially by chemoradiation therapy (CRT) to generate neoantigens in MSS CRCs. Altogether, 543 CRC specimens were systematically analyzed, and the expression pattern of ADAR1 was investigated. In vitro and in vivo experiments were also performed. The RNA editing enzyme ADAR1 was upregulated in microsatellite instability–high CRCs, leading to their high affinity for ICIs. Although ADAR1 expression was low in MSS CRC, CRT including oxaliplatin (OX) treatment upregulated RNA editing levels by inducing ADAR1. Immunohistochemistry analyses showed the upregulation of ADAR1 in patients with CRC treated with CAPOX (capecitabine + OX) radiation therapy relative to ADAR1 expression in patients with CRC treated only by surgery (p < 0.001). Compared with other regimens, CRT with OX effectively induced RNA editing in MSS CRC cell lines (HT29 and Caco2, p < 0.001) via the induction of type 1 interferon-triggered ADAR1 expression. CRT with OX promoted the RNA editing of cyclin I, a neoantigen candidate. Neoantigens can be artificially induced by RNA editing via an OX–CRT regimen. CRT can promote proteomic diversity via RNA editing.
Phenylalanine suppresses cell death caused by loss of fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase in Arabidopsis
Authors: Jiang Yihe , Zhu Qi , Yang Hua , Zhi Tiantian , Ren Chunmei
Published: August 2022

Fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH) catalyzes the final step of Tyrosine (Tyr) degradation pathway essential to animals and the deficiency of FAH causes an inborn lethal disease. In plants, a role of this pathway was unknown until we found that mutation of Short-day Sensitive Cell Death1 (SSCD1), encoding Arabidopsis FAH, results in cell death under short day. Phenylalanine (Phe) could be converted to Tyr and then degraded in both animals and plants. Phe ingestion in animals worsens the disease caused by FAH defect. However, in this study we found that Phe represses cell death caused by FAH defect in plants. Phe treatment promoted chlorophyll biosynthesis and suppressed the up-regulation of reactive oxygen species marker genes in the sscd1 mutant. Furthermore, the repression of sscd1 cell death by Phe could be reduced by α-aminooxi-β-phenylpropionic acid but increased by methyl jasmonate, which inhibits or activates Phe ammonia-lyase catalyzing the first step of phenylpropanoid pathway, respectively. In addition, we found that jasmonate signaling up-regulates Phe ammonia-lyase 1 and mediates the methyl jasmonate enhanced repression of sscd1 cell death by Phe. These results uncovered the relation between chlorophyll biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid pathway and jasmonate signaling in regulating the cell death resulting from loss of FAH in plants.
Geographic isolation drives speciation in Nearctic aphids
Authors: Hardy Nate B. , Kaczvinsky Chloe , Bird Gwendolyn , Richter Robin , Dettman Jeremy R. , Maw Eric , Brunet Bryan M. T. , Foottit Robert G.
Published: August 2022

Across herbivorous insect clades, species richness and host-use diversity tend to positively covary. This could be because host-use divergence drives speciation, or because it raises the ecological limits on species richness. To evaluate these hypotheses, we performed phylogenetic path model analyses of the species diversity of Nearctic aphids. Here, we show that variation in the species richness of aphid clades is caused mainly by host-use divergence, whereas variation in speciation rates is caused more by divergence in non-host-related niche variables. Aphid speciation is affected by both the evolution of host and non-host-related niche components, but the former is largely caused by the latter. Thus, our analyses suggest that host-use divergence can both raise the ecological limits on species richness and drive speciation, although in the latter case, host-use divergence tends to be a step along the causal path leading from non-host-related niche evolution to speciation.
Zn(ii) and Co(ii) coordination polymers based on semi-rigid bis-pyridyl-bis-amide and angular dicarboxylate ligands: synthesis, structures and properties
Authors: Lakshmanan Venkatesan , Lee Chia-Yi , Tseng Yu-Wen , Liu Yu-Hsiang , Lin Chia-Her , Chen Jhy-Der
Published: August 2022

Hydro(solvo)thermal reactions ofN,N′-di(3-methylpyridyl)oxalamide (L1) andN,N′-di(4-methylpyridyl)oxalamide (L2) with angular dicarboxylic acids and metal salts afforded six new coordination polymers showing interesting properties.
Gas-phase formation of silicon monoxide via non-adiabatic reaction dynamics and its role as a building block of interstellar silicates
Authors: He Chao , Luo Yuheng , Doddipatla Srinivas , Yang Zhenghai , Millar Tom J. , Sun Rui , Kaiser Ralf I.
Published: August 2022

The elementary reaction of ground state atomic silicon (Si(3P)) with molecular oxygen (18O2, X3Σg−) leading to the predominant formation of silicon monoxide (Si18O; X1Σ+) and triplet atomic oxygen (18O(3P)) via indirect scattering dynamics.
First-principles insights into hydrogen trapping in interstitial-vacancy complexes in vanadium carbide
Authors: Tang Shuai , Li Lin-xian , Peng Qing , Yan Hai-le , Cai Ming-hui , Li Jian-ping , Liu Zhen-yu , Wang Guo-dong
Published: August 2022

Hydrogen trapping is a key factor in designing advanced vanadium alloys and steels, where the influence of carbon vacancies is still elusive.
Reactivity of Zn+aq in high-temperature water radiolysis
Authors: Lisouskaya Aliaksandra , Markad Uddhav S. , Carmichael Ian , Bartels David M.
Published: August 2022

Reactivity of transients involving Zn+ in high-temperature water radiolysis has been studied in the temperature range of 25–300 °C.
Synthesis, chemical characterization, and biological evaluation of a novel auranofin derivative as an anticancer agent
Authors: Cirri Damiano , Massai Lara , Giacomelli Chiara , Trincavelli Maria Letizia , Guerri Annalisa , Gabbiani Chiara , Messori Luigi , Pratesi Alessandro
Published: August 2022

A novel auranofin-inspired compound showed good antiproliferative properties, associated with lower lipophilicity and a faster reactivity, which make this complex have significant pharmaceutical and therapeutic advantages over auranofin itself.
Eu2+ as the structural probe in the phase transformation of CMSA by site-selective occupancy and adjustable multimode white luminescence in Ca2(Mg0.5Al0.5)(Si1.5Al0.5O7) akermanite based on high-aluminum blast furnace slag
Authors: Cao Fabin , Xiong Ying , Liu Jian , Zhang Jingwen , Qin Kailong , Sun Jingbo , Liu Weiming , Shen Xingmei , Wu Xingrong , Wu Zhaojin
Published: August 2022

The (Mg2+ → Al3+)O4 tetrahedron expansion causes Eu2+ emission blue shift and the (Si4+ → Al3+)O4 tetrahedron shrinkage gives Eu2+ emission red shift. So structural probe of Eu2+ was explored by Eu2+ site-selective occupancy in akermanite.
Effect of yttrium content in the La2−xYxMgNi9 battery anode alloys on the structural, hydrogen storage and electrochemical properties
Authors: Wan ChuBin , Denys R. V. , Yartys V. A.
Published: August 2022

The work studies influence of yttrium on the crystal structure, hydrogenation properties and electrochemical behaviors of the PuNi3-type La2−xYxMgNi9 (x = 0.25 – 1.00) intermetallic alloys used as anodes of the Ni–MH batteries.
The “η-sweet-spot” (ηmax) in liquid-assisted mechanochemistry: polymorph control and the role of a liquid additive as either a catalyst or an inhibitor in resonant acoustic mixing (RAM)
Authors: Gonnet Lori , Borchers Tristan H. , Lennox Cameron B. , Vainauskas Jogirdas , Teoh Yong , Titi Hatem M. , Barrett Christopher J. , Koenig Stefan G. , Nagapudi Karthik , Friščić Tomislav
Published: August 2022

Resonant acoustic mixing (RAM) enables mechanochemical synthesis without milling media or bulk solvents.
Tunable directional emission from electrically driven nano-strip metal–insulator–metal tunnel junctions
Authors: Kishen Saurabh , Tapar Jinal , Emani Naresh Kumar
Published: August 2022

We numerically show switchable, wavelength-selective directional emission from Ag–SiO2–Ag tunnel junctions. The emission can be switched by selective excitation of the top electrode, paving the way for electrically-driven tunable light sources.
Novel bimetallic MOF derived N-doped carbon supported Ru nanoparticles for efficient reduction of nitro aromatic compounds and rhodamine B
Authors: Liu Weixing , Duan Wei , Zhang Qiang , Gong Xianjin , Tian Jinlei
Published: August 2022

N-doped carbon enables Ru-NC-15 to exhibit extremely high catalytic activity towards 4-nitrophenol and rhodamine B reduction.
Aqueous (co)polymer stabilisers for size-controlled 2–5 nm gold nanoparticle synthesis with tuneable catalytic activity
Authors: Traynor Daniel J. , Ureña-Horno Elena , Hobson James J. , Croft Elliot J. , Edwards Stephanie E. , Rannard Steve P. , Giardiello Marco
Published: August 2022

Tuneable (co)polymer composition and architecture influences both AuNP size during synthesis and catalytic activity for the reduction of 4-Nitrophenol.
Two-dimensional FeCo2O4 nanosheets with oxygen vacancies enable boosted oxygen evolution
Authors: Xiang Kun , Meng Li , Zhang Yan
Published: August 2022

Two dimensional FeCo2O4 nanosheets with abundant oxygen vacancies have been fabricated, which exhibit a superior OER performance compared to pristine FeCo2O4.
Cu-catalyzed oxidative denitrogenation of 3-aminoindazoles for the synthesis of isoquinolinones
Authors: Guo Yang , Huang Peng-Fei , Xiong Bi-Quan , Fan Jian-Hong , Liu Yu
Published: August 2022

A Cu-catalyzed oxidative dual arylation of active alkenes via the cleavage of two C–N bonds of 3-aminoindazoles is presented for constructing isoquinolinones.
C–H acylation of aniline derivatives with α-oxocarboxylic acids using ruthenium catalyst
Authors: Liu Qiong , Yong Jia-Yuan , Zhang Jing , Ban Tao , Li Xu-Qin
Published: August 2022

We developed a direct C–H bond acylation of anilines to obtain the desired 2-aminobenzophenone structures using ruthenium catalyst. The reaction proceeded smoothly under mild conditions, with good functional group tolerance and moderate to good yields.
Carbon-framework-encapsulated CoMn2O4spinel derived from electrospun nanofiber couplingviathe photothermal approach reinforces PMS activation to eliminate 2,4-dichlorophenol
Authors: Yang Fu , Lu Yutong , Liu Mengting , Yang Shiqi , Tu Wenlong , Zhang Wuxiang , Zhu Chengzhang , Guo Zengjing , Yuan Aihua
Published: August 2022

Multiple coupling of metal–carbon interaction, dual-metal redox cycles, and photothermal property can be enabled in the carbon framework hybridized Co2Mn2O4composite catalyst by electrospun approach, rendering improved activation efficiency of PMS.
Modular approach to non-aromatic and aromatic pyrroles through gold-catalyzed [3 + 2] cycloaddition of 2H-azirines and ynamides
Authors: Shcherbakov Nikolay V. , Titov Gleb D. , Chikunova Elena I. , Filippov Ilya P. , Rostovskii Nikolai V. , Kukushkin Vadim Yu. , Dubovtsev Alexey Yu.
Published: August 2022

The developed modular approach to hard-to-reach non-aromatic 3H- and 2H-pyrroles is based on the integration of 2H-azirines and ynamides.
Electrochemical deposition of flower-like nanostructured silver particles with a PVA modified carbon cloth cathode
Authors: Zhao Bo-An , Cai Wen-Fang , Pu Kai-Bo , Bai Ji-Rui , Gao Jia-Yao , Wang Yun-Hai
Published: August 2022

A novel PVA modified carbon cloth was employed to electro-deposit flower-like silver nanoparticles. PVA concentration, current density, silver concentration and deposition time can be varied to regulate the particles morphology.
Silica nanoparticle-loaded thermoresponsive block copolymer vesicles: a new post-polymerization encapsulation strategy and thermally triggered release
Authors: Czajka Adam , Byard Sarah J. , Armes Steven P.
Published: August 2022

A loading efficiency of up to 86% is achieved for silica nanoparticles encapsulated within crosslinkable redox-sensitive thermoresponsive diblock copolymer vesicles in water at 50 °C; triggered release is also demonstrated for this system.
Locally superengineered cascade recognition–quantification zones in nanochannels for sensitive enantiomer identification
Authors: Guo Junli , Xu Huijie , Zhao Junjian , Gao Zhida , Wu Zeng-Qiang , Song Yan-Yan
Published: August 2022

A design of the cascade recognition–quantification zone is developed along TiO2 nanochannels. The asymmetric nanochannels exhibit a predominant sensitivity and selectivity for enantiomer discrimination.
Discovery of triple half-Heusler Mg2VNi3Sb3 with low thermal conductivity
Authors: Imasato Kazuki , Sauerschnig Philipp , Anand Shashwat , Ishida Takao , Yamamoto Atsushi , Ohta Michihiro
Published: August 2022

Triple half-Heusler Mg2VNi3Sb3 was successfully synthesized by following an unconventional valence balance strategy. A new strategy to explore the huge compositional space for extended tunability of intermetallic compounds was demonstrated.
Surfactant effects on the synthesis of porous cerium oxide from a type IV deep eutectic solvent
Authors: Manasi Iva , Andalibi Mohammad R. , Castaing Rémi , Torrente-Murciano Laura , Edler Karen J.
Published: August 2022

Micelle templated ceria was preparedviaa solvothermal route, from a type IV deep eutectic solvent, to compare the porosity and catalytic properties when different surfactants were used as porogens.
Thermoresponsive block copolymer brush for temperature-modulated hepatocyte separation
Authors: Nagase Kenichi , Kojima Naoto , Goto Mitsuaki , Akaike Toshihiro , Kanazawa Hideko
Published: August 2022

A thermoresponsive block copolymer brush with a polymer showing hepatocyte affinity was prepared via two-step ATRP. The prepared polymer brush can capture target hepatic cells at 37 °C and the captured cells can be recovered at 20 °C.
Insights into the chemistry of vapor phase infiltration for imaging non-fullerene acceptors
Authors: Nahor Oded , Cohen Anthony , Frey Gitti L.
Published: August 2022

A chemical reaction during vapor phase infiltration (VPI) is harnessed to “stain” non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) for imaging the morphology of organic electronic films.
Recent progress on group III nitride nanostructure-based gas sensors
Authors: Sharma Nipun , Pandey Vikas , Gupta Ankur , Tan Swee Tiam , Tripathy Sudhiranjan , Kumar Mahesh
Published: August 2022

Group III nitrides are attracting considerable attention as promising materials for a variety of applications due to their wide bandgap, high electron mobility, high thermal stability, and many other exceptional properties.
Pressure-induced suppression of charge density phases across the entire rare-earth tritellurides by optical spectroscopy
Authors: Kopaczek Jan , Li Han , Yumigeta Kentaro , Sailus Renee , Sayyad Mohammed Y. , Moosavy Seyed Tohid Rajaei , Kudrawiec Robert , Tongay Sefaattin
Published: August 2022

Pressure studies on the rare-earth tritellurides established the pressure-induced suppression of charge density wave phases. The hydrostatic pressure required to suppress the CDW phase is reduced for materials with larger internal chemical pressure.
Understanding the structure-band gap relationship in SrZrS3 at elevated temperatures: a detailed NPT MD study
Authors: Jaykhedkar Namrata , Bystrický Roman , Sýkora Milan , Bučko Tomáš
Published: August 2022

Thermal effects on the structure and electronic band gap of the needle-like and distorted perovskite phases of SrZrS3 were investigated over the temperature range 300–1200 K by means of ML-accelerated ab initio molecular dynamics in an NPT ensemble.
Acridone and quinacridone derivatives with carbazole or phenoxazine substituents: synthesis, electrochemistry, photophysics and application as TADF electroluminophores
Authors: Kulszewicz-Bajer Irena , Guzauskas Matas , Makowska-Janusik Małgorzata , Zagórska Małgorzata , Mahmoudi Malek , Grazulevicius Juozas V. , Proń Adam , Volyniuk Dmytro
Published: August 2022

Six acridone (quinacridone) derivatives containing either carbazole or phenoxazine substituents were synthesized aiming to elucidate the effect of the donor and acceptor linking pattern on their photophysical and electrochemical properties.
Two-dimensional SnS2 nanosheets as electron transport and interfacial layers enable efficient perovskite solar cells
Authors: Rui Yichuan , Li Tianpeng , Li Bin , Wang Yuanqiang , Müller-Buschbaum Peter
Published: August 2022

2D SnS2 nanosheets as an interfacial modifier passivate the defects at SnO2/perovskite interfaces and reduce nonradiative recombination, enabling efficient and stable perovskite solar cells.
Dual-mode multi-color circularly polarized luminescent MOFs from a facile approach of chiral induction
Authors: Zheng Anyi , Zhao Tonghan , Xiao Chen , Jin Xue , Duan Pengfei
Published: August 2022

Dual-mode of downshifting and upconversion circularly polarized luminescence in a series of solid-state chiral Ln-MOFs was constructed by a facile approach of chiral induction at room temperature.
Interference and secrecy analysis based on randomly spacial model in clustered WSNs
Authors: Tong Fei , Zhu Tian , Peng Yuyang
Published: August 2022

Clustering and layering are widely employed in large‐scale wireless sensor networks (WSNs) to alleviate data implosion, reduce transmission delay and improve energy efficiency. It is vital to conduct performance analysis in clustered WSNs for better defining and designing networks. Here, a general analytical framework based on a randomly spacial model is proposed to conduct inter‐cluster interference analysis and physical‐layer security analysis for clustered WSNs. It is assumed that two adjacent cluster heads exchange confidential massage with a passive eavesdropper and the non‐head nodes in clusters could be selected as cooperative jamming (CJ) nodes to disturb the eavesdropper. All mentioned nodes are randomly located in their specific areas. Under the above settings, three scenarios, namely interference, eavesdropping and CJ are considered, and a stochastic geometry tool based on kinematic measure is employed for analysis. Comparing to existing stochastic geometry methods, the proposed analytical framework can handle arbitrarily shaped, disjoint and tiered networks. The results obtained from extensive simulations have verified the rationality of the framework and demonstrated the impact of different parameters on the performance metrics of interest. The comparison with PPP also shows the advantages of this proposed model.
Grid forming inverter and its applications to support system strength–A case study
Authors: Zhou Yi , Zhang Rui , Kathriarachchi Dinesh , Dennis Jonathan , Goyal Sachin
Published: August 2022

With the increasing penetration level of renewable generation, a shortage of system strength becomes a concern for the stable operation of the power system. Most commonly, Inverter Based Resources (IBR) plants are operated with grid following inverters (GFLI). However, a grid forming inverter (GFMI), which work as a voltage source and does not require direct reference and system strength from the grid, is now receiving increased attention. Here, Hardware‐in‐the‐loop (HIL) testing of a GFMI and its capability to actively damp sub‐synchronous oscillations and to provide synthetic inertia has been discussed. The improvement to system strength and transient stability have been presented using modelling of the transmission network in the Queensland (Australia). The study shows that with proper tuning and coordination with other generation in the area, the GFMI BESS will not only provide system strength to the grid, but also solve other stability issues.
From 3D hydrodynamic simulations of common-envelope interaction to gravitational-wave mergers
Authors: Moreno Melvin M. , Schneider Fabian R. N. , Röpke Friedrich K. , Ohlmann Sebastian T. , Pakmor Rüdiger , Podsiadlowski Philipp , Sand Christian
Published: August 2022

Modelling the evolution of progenitors of gravitational-wave merger events in binary stars faces two major uncertainties: the common-envelope phase and supernova kicks. These two processes are critical for the final orbital configuration of double compact-object systems with neutron stars and black holes. Predictive one-dimensional models of common-envelope interaction are lacking and multidimensional simulations are challenged by the vast range of relevant spatial and temporal scales. Here, we present three-dimensional, magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the common-envelope interaction of an initially 10 M⊙ red supergiant primary star with a black-hole and a neutron-star companion. Employing the moving-mesh code AREPO and replacing the core of the primary star and the companion with point masses, we show that the high-mass regime is accessible to full ab initio simulations. About half of the common envelope is dynamically ejected at the end of our simulations and the ejecta mass fraction keeps growing. Almost complete envelope ejection seems possible if all ionised gas left over at the end of our simulation eventually recombines and the released energy continues to help unbind the envelope. We find that the dynamical plunge-in of both companions terminates at orbital separations that are too wide for gravitational waves to merge the systems in a Hubble time. However, the orbital separations at the end of our simulations are still decreasing such that the true final value at the end of the common-envelope phase remains uncertain. We discuss the further evolution of the system based on analytical estimates. A subsequent mass-transfer episode from the remaining 3 M⊙ core of the supergiant to the compact companion does not shrink the orbit sufficiently either. A neutron-star–neutron-star and neutron-star–black-hole merger is still expected for a fraction of the systems if the supernova kick aligns favourably with the orbital motion. For double neutron star (neutron-star–black-hole) systems we estimate mergers in about 9% (1%) of cases while about 77% (94%) of binaries are disrupted; that is, supernova kicks actually enable gravitational-wave mergers in the binary systems studied here. Assuming orbits smaller by one-third after the common-envelope phase enhances the merger rates by about a factor of two. However, the large post-common-envelope orbital separations found in our simulations mean that a reduction in predicted gravitational-wave merger events appears possible.
HD 23472: a multi-planetary system with three super-Earths and two potential super-Mercuries,
Authors: Barros S. C. C. , Demangeon O. D. S. , Alibert Y. , Leleu A. , Adibekyan V. , Lovis C. , Bossini D. , Sousa S. G. , Hara N. , Bouchy F. , Lavie B. , Rodrigues J. , da Silva J. Gomes , Lillo-Box J. , Pepe F. A. , Tabernero H. M. , Osorio M. R. Zapatero , Sozzetti A. , Mascareño A. Suárez , Micela G. , Prieto C. Allende , Cristiani S. , Damasso M. , Di Marcantonio P. , Ehrenreich D. , Faria J. , Figueira P. , Hernández J. I. González , Jenkins J. , Lo Curto G. , Martins C. J. A. P. , Micela G. , Nunes N. J. , Pallé E. , Santos N. C. , Rebolo R. , Seager S. , Twicken J. D. , Udry S. , Vanderspek R. , Winn J. N.
Published: August 2022

Context.Comparing the properties of planets orbiting the same host star, and thus formed from the same accretion disc, helps in constraining theories of exoplanet formation and evolution. As a result, the scientific interest in multi-planetary systems is growing with the increasing number of detections of planetary companions.

Aims.We report the characterisation of a multi-planetary system composed of five exoplanets orbiting the K-dwarf HD 23472 (TOI-174).

Methods.In addition to the two super-Earths that were previously confirmed, we confirm and characterise three Earth-size planets in the system using ESPRESSO radial velocity observations. The planets of this compact system have periods ofPd~3.98,Pe~7.90,Pf~12.16,Pb~ 17.67, andPc~ 29.80 days and radii ofRd~ 0.75 ,Re~ 0.82,,Rf~ 1.13 ,Rb~ 2.01, and,Rc~1.85R⊕.Because of its small size, its proximity to planet d’s transit, and close resonance with planet d, planet e was only recently found.

Results.The planetary masses were estimated to beMd= 0.54 ± 0.22,Me= 0.76 ± 0.30,Mf= 0.64−0.39+0.46,Mb= 8.42−0.84+0.83, andMc= 3.37−0.87+0.92M⊕. These planets are among the lightest planets, with masses measured using the radial velocity method, demonstrating the very high precision of the ESPRESSO spectrograph. We estimated the composition of the system’s five planets and found that their gas and water mass fractions increase with stellar distance, suggesting that the system was shaped by irradiation. The high density of the two inner planets (ρd= 7.5−3.1+3.9andρe= 7.5−3.0+3.9g cm−3) indicates that they are likely to be super-Mercuries. This is supported by the modelling of the internal structures of the planets, which also suggests that the three outermost planets have significant water or gas content.

Conclusions.If the existence of two super-Mercuries in the system is confirmed, this system will be the only one known to feature two super-Mercuries, making it an excellent testing bed for theories of super-Mercuries formation. Furthermore, the system is close to a Laplace resonance, and further monitoring could shed light on how it was formed. Its uniqueness and location in the continuous viewing zone of theJames Webbspace telescope will make it a cornerstone of future in-depth characterisations.
A slow bar in the lenticular barred galaxy NGC 4277
Authors: Buttitta C. , Corsini E. M. , Cuomo V. , Aguerri J. A. L. , Coccato L. , Costantin L. , Dalla Bontà E. , Debattista V. P. , Iodice E. , Méndez-Abreu J. , Morelli L. , Pizzella A.
Published: August 2022

Aims.We characterised the properties of the bar hosted in lenticular galaxy NGC 4277, which is located behind the Virgo cluster.

Methods.We measured the bar length and strength from the surface photometry obtained from the broad-band imaging of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and we derived the bar pattern speed from the stellar kinematics obtained from the integral-field spectroscopy performed with the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer at the Very Large Telescope. We also estimated the co-rotation radius from the circular velocity, which we constrained by correcting the stellar streaming motions for asymmetric drift, and we finally derived the bar rotation rate.

Results.We found that NGC 4277 hosts a short (Rbar = 3.2−0.6+0.9kpc), weak (Sbar = 0.21 ± 0.02), and slow (ℛ = 1.8−0.3+0.5) bar and its pattern speed (Ωbar = 24.7 ± 3.4 km s−1kpc−1) is amongst the best-constrained ones ever obtained with the Tremaine–Weinberg (TW) method with relative statistical errors of ∼0.2.

Conclusions.NGC 4277 is the first clear-cut case of a galaxy hosting a slow stellar bar (ℛ > 1.4 at more than a 1σconfidence level) measured with the model-independent TW method. A possible interaction with the neighbour galaxy NGC 4273 could have triggered the formation of such a slow bar and/or the bar could be slowed down due to the dynamical friction with a significant amount of dark matter within the bar region.
The effective BRKGA algorithm for the k-medoids clustering problem
Authors: Brito Jose Andre , Semaan Gustavo , Fadel Augusto
Published: August 2022

This paper presents a biased random-key genetic algorithm for k-medoids clustering problem. A novel heuristic operator was implemented and combined with a parallelized local search procedure. Experiments were carried out with fifty literature data sets with small, medium, and large sizes, considering several numbers of clusters, showed that the proposed algorithm outperformed eight other algorithms, for example, the classics PAM and CLARA algorithms. Furthermore, with the results of a linear integer programming formulation, we found that our algorithm obtained the global optimal solutions for most cases and, despite its stochastic nature, presented stability in terms of quality of the solutions obtained and the number of generations required to produce such solutions. In addition, considering the solutions (clusterings) produced by the algorithms, a relative validation index (average silhouette) was applied, where, again, was observed that our method performed well, producing cluster with a good structure.
Krebstherapien und Herzerkrankungen – ein komplexes Wechselspiel
Authors: Birner Christoph
Published: August 2022

Mit der zunehmenden Entwicklung hoch effektiver onkologischer Therapien sind nun
zahlreiche Krebserkrankungen mit einer deutlich besseren Langzeitprognose
assoziiert. Aus diesem Grund ist es zwingend erforderlich, potenzielle
kardiotoxische Nebenwirkungen dieser Therapien möglichst frühzeitig zu
identifizieren, um das Langzeitüberleben von Krebspatienten nicht durch
schwerwiegende, schlimmstenfalls sogar letale kardiovaskuläre Ereignisse zu
belasten. Eine wichtige Rolle spielen dabei insbesondere medikamentös induzierte
Kardiomyopathien, aber auch Arrhythmien, eine verschlechterte arterielle
Hypertonie und arterielle bzw. venöse Thrombosen müssen berücksichtigt werden.
Durch adaptierte Ausgangs- und Verlaufsuntersuchungen lassen sich Patienten
identifizieren, die ein erhöhtes Risiko für derartige kardiotoxische Ereignisse
haben. Auch wenn die Datenlage inkonklusiv ist, scheint es doch kardioprotektive
Medikamente zu geben, die in dieser Situation angewandt werden können.
Soziale Unterstützung für gesunde Geschwister – eine Frage der Perspektive
Authors: Knecht Christiane , Winkelheide Marlies , Fiedler Manfred
Published: August 2022

In der Gesellschaft werden gesunde Geschwister von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit chronischen Erkrankungen, Behinderungen und Beeinträchtigungen meist als Risikogruppe betrachtet, da sie im Schatten der Erkrankung des Geschwisterkindes heranwachsen. Sie selbst fühlen sich in der Regel nicht als „Schattenkinder“ und bezeichnen sich auch nicht so. Für die Bewältigung ihrer besonderen Familienkonstellation benötigen sie dennoch Begleitung. In diesem Artikel werden auf der Grundlage der Bewältigungshandlungen der Geschwister theoriegestützt Anforderungen in Bezug auf Begleitungsangebote formuliert und so Möglichkeiten für ihre soziale Unterstützung aufgezeigt. Wie Angebote professionell gestaltet werden können, wird am Beispiel des Bildungsangebots der Janusz-Korczak-Geschwisterbücherei dargestellt.
Familienbezogene Beratung in der Pädiatrie
Authors: Rohde Katrin S.
Published: August 2022

Trotz vielfältiger theoretischer und praxisbezogener Annäherungen an den Beratungsbegriff bleibt dieser in gewisser Weise vage. Er orientiert sich an der Gestaltung von Beratungssituationen sowie deren Zielsetzung. In der Pädiatrie werden die Ziele durch die Beteiligten (Familienmitglieder), die Bedürfnisse (Unterstützung, Entlastung, Klärung, Anleitung), die Möglichkeiten (kognitive, zeitliche und sprachliche Voraussetzungen) und die Rolle der Beratenden (explizite Beratungsaufgabe, halbformalisierte Teilaufgabe beispielsweise bei Pflegenden) definiert.
Differential Diagnosis of Keratoconus Based on New Technologies
Authors: Sideroudi Haris , Flockerzi Elias , Seitz Berthold
Published: August 2022

Keratoconus (KC) must be distinguished from other corneal ectatic diseases and thinning disorders for stage-appropriate and suitable management of each condition. The most relevant corneal
pathologies that may imitate the tomographic KC pattern are pellucid marginal degeneration (PMD), keratoglobus, posterior keratoconus, and Fuchs-Terrien marginal degeneration (FTMD). In
moderate cases of KC, differentiation is typically possible using slit lamp examination and corneal tomography with evaluation of the location of the corneal thinning region. In early cases,
however, differential diagnosis may be more challenging since the cornea may look relatively normal. In severe cases, the extended area of corneal thinning also complicates differentiation.
Biomicroscopic findings cannot always give all the information needed to distinguish KC from related ectatic corneal conditions. The aim of this work is to discuss contemporary techniques
and findings to assist physicians to identify the correct diagnosis. Corneal topography has been used in recent decades as the main tool for imaging in ectatic corneal diseases. Moreover,
Scheimpflug cameras (corneal tomographers), which analyze both anterior and posterior corneal surfaces, curvatures, pachymetry, elevation data, higher order aberrations, Fourier analysis of
keratometric data, and corneal density have become the most promising tools for diagnosis and follow-up of ectatic diseases. A noninvasive air pulse tonometer in conjunction with an
ultrahigh-speed Scheimpflug camera complements tomographic findings by analyzing biomechanical corneal properties. Α confocal microscopy system, which is a novel clinical technique for the
study of corneal cellular structure, could contribute effectively in the same direction. Moreover, anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) creates cross-sections, which can be
generated into a three-dimensional structure to produce corneal epithelial thickness (ET) measurements. ET mapping is increasingly recognized as a sensitive tool for the diagnosis of ocular
surface disorders. Combining information of all these systems could lead to a more effective identification and differential diagnosis of ectatic corneal disorders.
Transition-Metal-Free N-(o-Halo)arylation of Sulfoximines/Sulfonimidamides
Authors: Nandi Ganesh Chandra , Padma Priya V. R. , Irfana Jesin C. P.
Published: August 2022

A transition-metal-free novel route to access N-(o-halo)arylsulfoximines/sulfonimidamides is achieved by the reaction of sulfoximine/sulfonimidamide, aryne precursor, and CCl4/CBr4 in the presence of KF/18-crown-6. The in situ generated benzyne intermediate (from silyl aryl triflate) reacts with the nucleophile (sulfoximine/sulfonimidamide) and halide source (CCl4/CBr4) to yield the product in moderate to good yield. The protocol exhibits broad substrate scope. The regioisomers formed from the unsymmetric aryne precursor were separated effectively via column chromatography.
Outcome of Digital Cholangioscopy and Laser Lithotripsy for Impacted Biliary Stones
Authors: Singla Vikas , Arora Anil , Bopanna Sawan , Khare Shivam , Kumar Ashish , Bansal Naresh , Sharma Praveen
Published: August 2022

Background and Aims Impacted stones in the bile duct are difficult to extract, and are predictor of failure of conventional endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography techniques including mechanical lithotripsy and large balloon dilatation. Intracorporeal lithotripsy may be an effective technique for these stones. The aim of this study is to report the efficacy and safety of intracorporeal laser lithotripsy for impacted stones in the bile duct.

Method This study is retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data. Patients with impacted stones in the bile duct underwent cholangioscopy with spyglass DS system and laser lithotripsy. Outcome measures were proportion of patients with complete clearance of bile duct after the first session, number of sessions required for complete clearance, and the complications.

Results Forty-three patients (27 female) with mean age of 56.12 ± 15.16 years underwent digital cholangioscopy and laser lithotripsy. Mean bilirubin value was 1.8 ± 1.6 mg/dL, 20 (46.51%) patients had single stone, 35(81.39%) patients had only bile duct stones, and 8(18.61%) patients had additional stones in cystic duct or intrahepatic biliary radical. Mean size of largest stone was 16.2 ± 4.4mm. Average duration of the procedure was 69.11 ± 28.12minutes, and complete clearance was achieved in 41/43 (95.34%) patients after the first session. Mean number of sessions required for complete clearance was 1.02 ± .26. Postprocedure cholangitis occurred in one patient.

Conclusion Intracorporeal laser lithotripsy is an effective and safe modality for the clearance of impacted bile duct stones.
Observability analysis and state reconstruction for networks of nonlinear systems
Authors: Sendiña-Nadal Irene , Letellier Christophe
Published: August 2022

We address the problem of retrieving the full state of a network of Rössler systems from the knowledge of the actual state of a limited set of nodes. The selection of nodes where sensors are placed is carried out in a hierarchical way through a procedure based on graphical and symbolic observability approaches applied to pairs of coupled dynamical systems. By using a map directly obtained from governing equations, we design a nonlinear network reconstructor that is able to unfold the state of non-measured nodes with working accuracy. For sparse networks, the number of sensor scales with half the network size and node reconstruction errors are lower in networks with heterogeneous degree distributions. The method performs well even in the presence of parameter mismatch and non-coherent dynamics and for dynamical systems with completely different algebraic structures like the Hindmarsch–Rose; therefore, we expect it to be useful for designing robust network control laws.
Fibonacci direct product variation tilings
Authors: Baake Michael , Gähler Franz , Mazáč Jan
Published: August 2022

The direct product of two Fibonacci tilings can be described as a genuine stone inflation rule with four prototiles. This rule admits various modifications, which lead to 48 different inflation rules, known as the direct product variations. They all result in tilings that are measure-theoretically isomorphic by the Halmos–von Neumann theorem. They can be described as cut and project sets with characteristic windows in a two-dimensional Euclidean internal space. Here, we analyze and classify them further, in particular, with respect to topological conjugacy.