bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding the veterinary antibiotic flow in Malawi: complexities, gaps and needs
Authors: Mhone Amos Lucky , Muloi Dishon M. , Moodley Arshnee
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Veterinary antibiotics are essential for maintaining animal health and welfare, however, small-scale farmers in Malawi face challenges in accessing them due to limited availability, affordability, and long distances to rural drug retailers.

Methods

This study mapped the veterinary antibiotic distribution chain, examined the governance structure of the chain, and analyzed access and usage practices among stakeholders in Malawi. Data were collected through focus group discussions (n = 15), key informant interviews (n = 6) and individual interviews (n = 189).

Results

The key stakeholders identified included regulators, local pharmaceutical manufacturers, wholesalers, veterinary clinics, veterinary retail shops, animal health practitioners, and farmers. The distribution of veterinary antibiotics was characterized by both formal and informal pathways for importing and distributing veterinary medicines. Additionally, there were issues with antibiotic mishandling such as improper storage on open shelves in direct sunlight and disposal in pit latrines. There was a marked lack of proper antibiotic dispensation training among veterinary medicine shop attendants, and in terms of regulation, there were gaps in coordination and overlapping mandates among regulatory authorities hindering effective regulation.

Discussion

Regulatory agencies need to strengthen oversight of veterinary antibiotics, conduct trainings on antibiotic stewardship with various stakeholders, and enhance public-private partnerships to better manage the informal pathways for importing and distributing veterinary medicines. This multi-sectoral approach aims to ensure responsible use and improve the pharmacovigilance of veterinary antibiotics.
Cutting-edge exploration of insect utilization in ruminant nutrition—feature and future: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gao Min , El-Sherbiny Mohamed , Szumacher-Strabel Małgorzata , Cieślak Adam , Yanza Yulianri R. , Irawan Agung , Xie Biao , Cao Zhi-jun , Fusaro Isa , Jalal Hassan , Abd El Tawab Ahmed M. , Liu Yong-bin
Published: November 2024

There has been a growing interest in using insects as sustainable protein sources for ruminant feed, such as the adults of the two-spotted cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus), larvae of the mealworm beetle (Tenebrio molitor), black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens), and pupae of the silkworm (Bombyx mori). The advantages of these insects over other plant materials lie in their elevated levels of crude protein and fat. However, this interest lacks a comprehensive understanding of the impact of insects on the ruminal fermentation processes, including digestibility and gas production, as well as the impact on animal performance and related health aspects. This review offers a comprehensive analysis of ruminal fermentation indices across diverse insect species. Employing descriptive and meta-analysis methodologies, we examined the impact of incorporating insect-derived meals in ruminants’ diets. Moreover, we evaluated the growth performance and biochemical parameters of blood in ruminants when species such as Tenebrio molitor, Hermetia illucens, Oriental Hornet (Vespa Orientalis), and Bombyx mori were incorporated into ruminants’ diets. The meta-analysis was performed on a limited dataset of 14 in vitro and eight in vivo trials, investigating insect meal as a potential feed source. A comparison is drawn between these insect-based feeds and conventional dietary sources such as soybean meal, alfalfa hay, and commercial concentrate diets. Our meta-analysis revealed that incorporating Gryllus bimaculatus and Hermetia illucens to partially replace protein sources in ruminants’ diet did not adversely affect digestibility, ruminal fermentation, and ruminant production, supporting the feasibility as a feed ingredient for ruminant animals. In addition, the oriental hornet showed an overall higher outcome on the final BW, ADG, digestibility, and volatile fatty acid (VFA) production, suggesting the promising effect of this insect for future use in ruminants. The data also indicates that dietary insect inclusion levels should not exceed 30% (DM basis) to achieve an optimal ruminal fermentation profile. Furthermore, it offers comparative insights into the nutritional value of these insects, which warrant further investigation at the in vivo level. Ultimately, the existing understanding of the nutritional utilization potential of these insects by ruminants, particularly concerning macro- and micronutrients, is evaluated and revealed to be significantly constrained.
Intelligent Inspection Method for Rebar Installation Quality of Reinforced Concrete Slab Based on Point Cloud Processing and Semantic Segmentation
Authors: Wang Ruishi , Zhang Jianxiong , Qiu Hongxing , Sun Jian
Published: November 2024

The rebar installation quality significantly impacts the safety and durability of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. Traditional manual inspection is time-consuming, inefficient, and highly subjective. In order to solve this problem, this study uses a depth camera and aims to develop an intelligent inspection method for the rebar installation quality of an RC slab. The Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC) method is used to extract point cloud data for the bottom formwork, the upper and lower rebar lattices, and individual rebars. These data are utilized to measure the concrete cover thickness, the distance between the upper and lower rebar lattices, and the spacing between rebars in the RC slab. This paper introduces the concept of the “diameter calculation region” and combines point cloud semantic information with rebar segmentation mask information through the relationship between pixel coordinates and camera coordinates to measure the nominal diameter of the rebar. The verification results indicate that the maximum deviations for the concrete cover thickness, the distance between the upper and lower rebar lattices, and the spacing of the double-layer bidirectional rebar in the RC slab are 0.41 mm, 1.32 mm, and 5 mm, respectively. The accuracy of the nominal rebar diameter measurement reaches 98.4%, demonstrating high precision and applicability for quality inspection during the actual construction stage. Overall, this study integrates computer vision into traditional civil engineering research, utilizing depth cameras to acquire point cloud data and color results. It replaces inefficient manual inspection methods with an intelligent and efficient approach, addressing the challenge of detecting double-layer reinforcement. This has significant implications for practical engineering applications and the development of intelligent engineering monitoring systems.
Quantum Stream Cipher Based on Holevo–Yuen Theory: Part II
Authors: Hirota Osamu , Sohma Masaki
Published: November 2024

This paper discusses the foundation of security theory for the Quantum stream cipher based on the Holevo–Yuen theory, which allows the use of “optical amplifiers”. This type of cipher is a technology that provides information-theoretic security (ITS) to optical data transmission by randomizing ultrafast optical communication signals with quantum noise. In general, the quantitative security of ITS is evaluated in terms of the unicity distance in Shannon theory. However, the quantum version requires modeling beyond the Shannon model of a random cipher to utilize the characteristics of the physical layer. Therefore, as the first step, one has to develop a generalized unicity distance theory and apply it to the evaluation of security. Although a complete theoretical formulation has not yet been established, this paper explains a primitive structure of a generalization of the Shannon random cipher and shows that the realization of this is the generalized quantum stream cipher. In addition, we present several implementation methods of generalized quantum stream ciphers and their security.
Boosting Few-Shot Network Intrusion Detection with Adaptive Feature Fusion Mechanism
Authors: Bo Jue , Chen Kai , Li Shenghui , Gao Pengyi
Published: November 2024

In network security, intrusion detection systems (IDSs) are essential for maintaining network integrity. Traditional IDSs primarily use supervised learning, relying on extensive datasets for effective training, which limits their ability to address rapidly evolving cyber threats, especially with limited data samples. To overcome this, prior research has applied meta-learning methods to distinguish between normal and malicious network traffic, showing promising results mainly in binary classification scenarios. However, challenges remain in model information acquisition within few-shot learning (FSL) frameworks. This study introduces a metric-based meta-learning strategy that constructs prototypes for each sample category, improving the model’s ability to manage multi-class scenarios. Additionally, we propose an Adaptive Feature Fusion (AFF) mechanism that dynamically integrates statistical features and binary data streams to extract meaningful insights from limited datasets, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of IDSs in few-shot learning contexts. By introducing a metric-based meta-learning method and the Adaptive Feature Fusion mechanism, this study provides a feasible solution for developing a high-accuracy, multi-class few-shot intrusion detection system. A series of experiments show that this approach significantly improves the effectiveness of the intrusion detection system, achieving an impressive accuracy of 97.78% in multi-class tasks, even when the sample size is reduced to just one.
ATGT3D: Animatable Texture Generation and Tracking for 3D Avatars
Authors: Chen Fei , Choi Jaeho
Published: November 2024

We propose the ATGT3D an Animatable Texture Generation and Tracking for 3D Avatars, featuring the innovative design of the Eye Diffusion Module (EDM) and Pose Tracking Diffusion Module (PTDM), which are dedicated to high-quality eye texture generation and synchronized tracking of dynamic poses and textures, respectively. Compared to traditional GAN and VAE methods, ATGT3D significantly enhances texture consistency and generation quality in animated scenes using the EDM, which produces high-quality full-body textures with detailed eye information using the HUMBI dataset. Additionally, the Pose Tracking and Diffusion Module (PTDM) monitors human motion parameters utilizing the BEAT2 and AMASS mesh-level animatable human model datasets. The EDM, in conjunction with a basic texture seed featuring eyes and the diffusion model, restores high-quality textures, whereas the PTDM, by integrating MoSh++ and SMPL-X body parameters, models hand and body movements from 2D human images, thus providing superior 3D motion capture datasets. This module maintains the synchronization of textures and movements over time to ensure precise animation texture tracking. During training, the ATGT3D model uses the diffusion model as the generative backbone to produce new samples. The EDM improves the texture generation process by enhancing the precision of eye details in texture images. The PTDM involves joint training for pose generation and animation tracking reconstruction. Textures and body movements are generated individually using encoded prompts derived from masked gestures. Furthermore, ATGT3D adaptively integrates texture and animation features using the diffusion model to enhance both fidelity and diversity. Experimental results show that ATGT3D achieves optimal texture generation performance and can flexibly integrate predefined spatiotemporal animation inputs to create comprehensive human animation models. Our experiments yielded unexpectedly positive outcomes.
Numerical Simulation Study of Salt Cavern CO2 Storage in Power-to-Gas System
Authors: Bai Weizheng , Lu Jun , Wang Jian , Fu Xinghui , Fu Yaping , Huang Yashuai , Wang Xiao , Shi Xilin
Published: November 2024

China’s renewable energy sector is experiencing rapid growth, yet its inherent intermittency is creating significant challenges for balancing power supply and demand. Power-to-gas (PtG) technology, which converts surplus electricity into combustible gas, offers a promising solution. Salt caverns, due to their favorable geological properties, are among the best choices for large-scale underground energy storage in PtG systems. CO2 leakage along the interlayer and salt rock–interlayer interfaces is a key constraint on the CO2 tightness of subsurface salt caverns. This paper focuses on the critical issue of tightness within salt cavern CO2 storage, particularly in the Jintan region. A coupled hydro-mechanics mathematical model is developed to investigate CO2 transportation and leakage in bedded salt caverns, with key variables such as permeability range, pore pressure evolution, and permeability changes being analyzed. The results reveal that permeability plays a decisive role in determining the CO2 transportation rate and leakage extent within the salt rock layer. Notably, the CO2 transportation rate and influence range in the mudstone interlayer are significantly larger than those in the salt rock over the same period. However, with prolonged storage time, the CO2 transportation rate and pressure increase in both salt rock and mudstone interlayer exhibit a decreasing trend, eventually stabilizing as the CO2 pressure front reaches the boundary of the simulation domain. Furthermore, elevated operating pressure markedly expands the permeability range and results in higher cumulative leakage. For a specific salt cavern, the CO2 leakage range can reach up to 142 m, and the leakage volume can reach 522.5 tonnes with the increase in operating pressure during 35 years of operation. Therefore, the setting of operational pressure should fully consider the influence of permeability and mechanical strength of the salt rock and mudstone interlayer. These findings provide valuable insights into optimizing the sealing performance of salt cavern CO2 storage systems under varying conditions.
Hydrogen, Methane, Brine Flow Behavior, and Saturation in Sandstone Cores During H2 and CH4 Injection and Displacement
Authors: Zhong Lirong , Baek Seunghwan , Guo Mond , Bagwell Christopher , Huerta Nicolas
Published: November 2024

Large-scale underground hydrogen storage (UHS) is a critical component in the emerging hydrogen economy. Knowledge of multiphase flow behavior involving hydrogen in storage reservoir formations is crucial to characterizing hydrogen transport properties and essential for the deliverability and storage operations of UHS. There are still many gaps in fully understanding hydrogen–methane–brine multiphase phase flow that require further investigation. In this work, H2 and CH4 were injected through brine-saturated sandstone cores using a tri-axial core holder system fitted with flow rate meters and pressure transducers, while the effluent gas concentrations were analyzed using an online micro gas chromatograph. Brine displacement, permeability, and gas breakthrough curves were measured. We studied the flow behavior of hydrogen and methane in sandstone cores through testing brine displacement by gas injection and comparing the hydrogen displacement of methane with the methane displacement of hydrogen. We also tested the differences between horizontal and vertical flow in brine displacement. The results showed that brine displacement was more efficient in a core with higher permeability and porosity, resulting in a higher initial gas saturation. A higher gas injection rate brought about faster gas breakthrough measured by pore volume and sharper concentration curves. Hydrogen did not exhibit abnormal flow in the sandstone when the flow was horizontal and downward vertical. Gas overriding was observed in brine displacements when the flow was horizontal, with hydrogen showing this behavior more profoundly compared to methane. Downward vertical gas injection induced higher efficiency brine displacement compared to horizontal displacement and resulted in a higher initial gas saturation in the sandstone cores. These findings address critical knowledge gaps regarding gas flow patterns and displacement behaviors during hydrogen injection and recovery phases in UHS facilities using methane as the cushion gas. The insights from this research offer valuable guidance for optimizing UHS systems, ensuring operational efficiency, and advancing sustainable energy solutions in alignment with decarbonization goals.
The Impact of Policy Thematic Differences on Industrial Development: An Empirical Study Based on China’s Electric Vehicle Industry Policies at the Central and Local Levels
Authors: Liu Zizheng , Xie Tao
Published: November 2024

Since the 21st century, the electric vehicle (EV) industry has become a key driver of global transformation, with increasing emphasis on the study and evaluation of industrial policies across nations. However, traditional frameworks struggle to capture the dynamic interactions between policies at different government levels or effectively analyze large volumes of policy texts. This study adopted a central–local policy interaction perspective, employing the BERT deep semantic learning model and a threshold regression model to investigate the impact of policy differences on industrial development. The findings reveal an inverted U-shaped relationship between central–local policy thematic similarity and EV market penetration, with the optimal similarity shifting as policy volume increases. This suggests the necessity of dynamically allocating central and local policies to balance national consistency with regional flexibility and promote synergy among regions. Recommendations include optimizing multi-level coordination, maintaining a balance between uniformity and specialization, strengthening policy error tolerance mechanisms, and fostering innovation. By integrating text analysis with econometric modeling, this study offers a novel framework aligned with China’s political system, providing insights into central–local policy interactions and serving as a reference for other countries seeking to refine their industrial strategies.
Kidney Transplantation in Older Recipients Regarding Surgical and Clinical Complications, Outcomes, and Survival: A Literature Review
Authors: Barbachowska Aleksandra , Gozdowska Jolanta , Durlik Magdalena
Published: November 2024

Context: The best treatment for end-stage chronic kidney disease (ESKD) is kidney transplantation (KT). As a result of an aging population, each year more kidney transplants in older adults are performed. Nevertheless, older recipients, characterized by more comorbidities and frailty, raise concerns about the outcomes, potential complications, and the general approach. Aim: The aim of this literature review was to study the outcomes, graft and patient survival, as well as common complications, to establish safety and increase awareness of the potential complications of kidney transplantation in the older population. Methods: PubMed and Google scholar databases were searched. The cut-off age defining an old patient was 60 years. The inclusion criteria were as follows: first kidney transplantation, and studies in English language. The exclusion criteria were as follows: more than one organ transplant, dual transplants, articles published before 2015, meta-analysis, reviews, letter to the editor, case reports, and studies published only as a conference abstract. Comparative and noncomparative studies addressing patient survival, death-censored graft survival, surgical complications, and clinical complications, such as delayed graft function (DGF) and biopsy proven acute rejection (PBAR), were included. Results: After screening the papers, 17 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included for review. Eleven papers compared older recipients with younger recipients and in six papers only older patients were analysed. Two studies used paired deceased donors to eliminate donor bias. The rest of the studies used either deceased donors or both living and deceased donors. The majority of patients were male (61.83%) and received a kidney from a deceased donor (58.08%). Conclusions: Kidney transplantation is safe and can be beneficial for recipients over 60 years of age. Older patients suffered more infectious complications, which were also one of the main reasons for death. Most studies did not show a significant difference in death-censored graft survival compared to the younger population. More research is needed to establish the prevalence of surgical complications, and some clinical complications.
A Study of the Community Relationships Between Methanotrophs and Their Satellites Using Constraint-Based Modeling Approach
Authors: Esembaeva Maryam A. , Kulyashov Mikhail A. , Kolpakov Fedor A. , Akberdin Ilya R.
Published: November 2024

Biotechnology continues to drive innovation in the production of pharmaceuticals, biofuels, and other valuable compounds, leveraging the power of microbial systems for enhanced yield and sustainability. Genome-scale metabolic (GSM) modeling has become an essential approach in this field, which enables a guide for targeting genetic modifications and the optimization of metabolic pathways for various industrial applications. While single-species GSM models have traditionally been employed to optimize strains like Escherichia coli and Lactococcus lactis, the integration of these models into community-based approaches is gaining momentum. Herein, we present a pipeline for community metabolic modeling with a user-friendly GUI, applying it to analyze interactions between Methylococcus capsulatus, a biotechnologically important methanotroph, and Escherichia coli W3110 under oxygen- and nitrogen-limited conditions. We constructed models with unmodified and homoserine-producing E. coli strains using the pipeline implemented in the original BioUML platform. The E. coli strain primarily utilized acetate from M. capsulatus under oxygen limitation. However, homoserine produced by E. coli significantly reduced acetate secretion and the community growth rate. This homoserine was taken up by M. capsulatus, converted to threonine, and further exchanged as amino acids. In nitrogen-limited modeling conditions, nitrate and ammonium exchanges supported the nitrogen needs, while carbon metabolism shifted to fumarate and malate, enhancing E. coli TCA cycle activity in both cases, with and without modifications. The presence of homoserine altered cross-feeding dynamics, boosting amino acid exchanges and increasing pyruvate availability for M. capsulatus. These findings suggest that homoserine production by E. coli optimizes resource use and has potential for enhancing microbial consortia productivity.
trans-11-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-2,3,8,9-tetramethoxy-6-oxo-11,12-dihydro-6H-dibenzo[c,h]chromene-12-carboxylic Acid
Authors: Angelov Victor , Stoyanova Savina , Bogdanov Milen G.
Published: November 2024

The title compound, trans-11-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-2,3,8,9-tetramethoxy-6-oxo-11,12-dihydro-6H-dibenzo[c,h]chromene-12-carboxylic acid (4), was synthesized for the first time via a two-step protocol from 3,4-dimethoxyhomophthalic anhydride (1) and 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde (DMBA). In the first step, 1 reacts with DMBA to give trans-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-1-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-2-benzopyran-4-carboxylic acid (2), which further reacts with two additional equivalents of 1 to give 4. Compound 4 was characterized by means of spectral methods—1H-, 13C-, DEPT-135-NMR, and HRMS.
Ripe Tomato Detection Algorithm Based on Improved YOLOv9
Authors: Wang Yan , Rong Qianjie , Hu Chunhua
Published: November 2024

Recognizing ripe tomatoes is a crucial aspect of tomato picking. To ensure the accuracy of inspection results, You Only Look Once version 9 (YOLOv9) has been explored as a fruit detection algorithm. To tackle the challenge of identifying tomatoes and the low accuracy of small object detection in complex environments, we propose a ripe tomato recognition algorithm based on an enhanced YOLOv9-C model. After collecting tomato data, we used Mosaic for data augmentation, which improved model robustness and enriched experimental data. Improvements were made to the feature extraction and down-sampling modules, integrating HGBlock and SPD-ADown modules into the YOLOv9 model. These measures resulted in high detection performance with precision and recall rates of 97.2% and 92.3% in horizontal and vertical experimental comparisons, respectively. The module-integrated model improved accuracy and recall by 1.3% and 1.1%, respectively, and also reduced inference time by 1 ms compared to the original model. The inference time of this model was 14.7 ms, which is 16 ms better than the RetinaNet model. This model was tested accurately with mAP@0.5 (%) up to 98%, which is 9.6% higher than RetinaNet. Its increased speed and accuracy make it more suitable for practical applications. Overall, this model provides a reliable technique for recognizing ripe tomatoes during the picking process.
Height Measurement for Meter-Wave MIMO Radar Based on Sparse Array Under Multipath Interference
Authors: Qin Cong , Zhang Qin , Zheng Guimei , Zhang Gangsheng , Wang Shiqiang
Published: November 2024

For meter-wave multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar, the multipath of target echoes may cause severe errors in height measurement, especially in the case of complex terrain where terrain fluctuation, ground inclination, and multiple reflection points exist. Inspired by a sparse array with greater degrees of freedom and low mutual coupling, a height measurement method based on a sparse array is proposed. First, a practical signal model of MIMO radar based on a sparse array is established. Then, the modified multiple signal classification (MUSIC) and maximum likelihood (ML) estimation algorithms based on two classical sparse arrays (coprime array and nested array) are proposed. To reduce the complexity of the algorithm, a real-valued processing algorithm for generalized MUSIC (GMUSIC) and maximum likelihood is proposed, and a reduced dimension matrix is introduced into the real-valued processing algorithm to further reduce computation complexity. Finally, sufficient simulation results are provided to illustrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed technique. The simulation results show that the height measurement accuracy can be efficiently improved by using our proposed technique for both simple and complex terrain.
Special Issue: Artificial Intelligence and Smart Sensor-Based Industrial Advanced Technology
Authors: Jia Luyu , Sun Bairong , Tan Weilin , Zhang Shurong , Zhang Bin , Zhu Jianxiong
Published: November 2024

With the rapid growth of smart sensors and industrial data, artificial intelligence (AI) technology (such as machine learning, machine vision, multi-sensor fusion, cloud computing, edge computing, digital twins, etc [...]
Study on Fatigue Allowance Formulation Based on Physiological Measurements
Authors: Qu Li , Zhang Juntong , Wang Di , Zhang Lin , Wu Zhunan
Published: November 2024

The fatigue allowance effectively mitigates declines in physiological state due to work fatigue. An appropriate allowance rate facilitates timely recovery for employees and serves as a crucial basis for labor quota formulation. In this paper, the action mode in mechanical processing was extracted and disassembled into six action units. The study conducted fatigue measurement experiments based on physiological measurement methods, including exercise fatigue tests at different frequencies and work fatigue tests over varying durations. As the frequency of actions increased, the rate monotonic scheduling index showed a linear increasing trend and the degree of fatigue caused by the action was different. The fatigue coefficient of different action units and the fatigue index of the fatigue instability period were obtained by fitting. Hazard ratio indicators showed significant differences, and the corresponding fatigue recovery rest time was obtained for different continuous operation hours. By further fitting the above data, a fatigue relaxation rate model suitable for simulating operation methods was obtained (the fatigue coefficient for the simulated operations in this study is 0.076152) which could provide a reasonable basis for the formulation of fatigue allowance rates for machining methods.
Sec-CLOCs: Multimodal Back-End Fusion-Based Object Detection Algorithm in Snowy Scenes
Authors: Gong Rui , Fan Xiangsuo , Cai Dengsheng , Lu You
Published: November 2024

LiDAR and cameras, often regarded as the “eyes” of intelligent driving vehicles, are vulnerable to adverse weather conditions like haze, rain, and snow, compromising driving safety. In order to solve this problem and enhance the environmental sensing capability under severe weather conditions, this paper proposes a multimodal back-end fusion object detection method, Sec-CLOCs, which is specifically optimized for vehicle detection under heavy snow. This method achieves object detection by integrating an improved YOLOv8s 2D detector with a SECOND 3D detector. First, the quality of image data is enhanced through the Two-stage Knowledge Learning and Multi-contrastive Regularization (TKLMR) image processing algorithm. Additionally, the DyHead detection head and Wise-IOU loss function are introduced to optimize YOLOv8s and improve 2D detection performance.The LIDROR algorithm preprocesses point cloud data for the SECOND detector, yielding 3D object detection results. The CLOCs back-end fusion algorithm is then employed to merge the 2D and 3D detection outcomes, thereby enhancing overall object detection capabilities. The experimental results show that the Sec-CLOCs algorithm achieves a vehicle detection accuracy of 82.34% in moderate mode (30–100 m) and 81.76% in hard mode (more than 100 m) under heavy snowfall, which demonstrates the algorithm’s high detection performance and robustness.
حق تملك الأجنبي (غير الكويتي) للعقار في دولة الكويت
Authors: الغانم بشائر صلاح عبدالله
Published: November 2024

الأهداف: تهدف الدراسة  إلى تعرّف موقف المشرع الكويتي من حق الأجنبي - العربي وغير العربي، والشخص الطبيعي والشخص الاعتباري- في تملّك العقار في الكويت، والشروط التي يجب توفرها للتمتع بهذا الحق. المنهج: اعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي. النتائج: اتجه المشرع الكويتي في تنظيمه لمسألة تملك غير الكويتي إلى استخدام ألفاظ تعبر عن القومية العربية، ويترتب على ذلك أن غير العربي لا يستطيع تملك العقار في الكويت، وأن الشركة الكويتية التي تضم شركاء غير كويتيين تحرم من تملك العقار، ونرى في ذلك افتئاتاً على غرض المشرع الكويتي من جذب الاستثمار. الخاتمة: الاستعاضة عن لفظ العربي بلفظ الأجنبي أو غير الكويتي؛ ليكون أكثر شمولية، وكذا إيراد نص قانوني ينظم ملكية العقار لمن فقد الجنسية الكويتية.
دراسة لحكم محكمة التمييز رقم ٥٠٨/٢٠٢٢ جزائي/٢ وأثره على عضو البرلمان المدان
Authors: الخضاري محمد عادل
Published: November 2024

الأهداف: تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى بيان أثر حكم محكمة التمييز رقم ٥٠٨ لسنة ٢٠٢٢ جزائي/٢ على عضوية النائب المحكوم عليه، إذ تعد هذه الحالة الأولى من نوعها، فلم يسبق أن صدر حكم جزائي بحبس عضو مجلس الأمة أثناء فترة عضويته. المنهج: اعتمد الباحث في هذه الدراسة على المنهجين التحليلي والتطبيقي، إذ يقوم الباحث بشرح نصوص التشريعات الكويتية وشرح تطبيقات لها. النتائج: من أهم النتائج التي توصل إليها الباحث في هذه الدراسة هي أن الحكم الصادر على العضو المعني بالدراسة لا يؤثر على عضويته في مجلس الأمة، لأن العقوبة المقضي بها عليه هي عقوبة جنحة، فضلاً عن أن الجريمتين المحكوم عليه بموجبهما لا تعتبران من الجرائم الماسة بالشرف أو الأمانة أو التي تسيء للسمعة. كما استنتج الباحث من هذه الدراسة أن الحصانة البرلمانية تقف عند حد الإجراءات الجزائية، دون أن تمتد للأحكام القضائية. واستنتج كذلك أن وضع النصوص القانونية الحالية تؤدي إلى تعارض بين مصلحتين، الأولى وهي حق الأمة في تمثيلها الكامل في البرلمان من خلال مساهمة كافة الأعضاء المنتخبين في أعمال المجلس، والثانية هي حق الأمة في تطبيق القانون على الجميع دون تمييز وتطبيق الأحكام القضائية الباتة على المحكوم عليهم، الأمر الذي لا بد معه من تدخل المشرع لإنهاء حالة التعارض. الخاتمة: خلصت الدراسة إلى أهمية تعديل المادة (٢) من اللائحة الداخلية لمجلس الأمة بإضافة فقرة تشترط في عضو مجلس الأمة ألا يصدر عليه حكم خلال فترة عضويته. وكذلك تعديل المادة (١٩) من اللائحة ذاتها بالنص على عدم سريان الحصانة الإجرائية على من صدر عليه حكم جزائي بات.
الكلمات المفتاحية: حكم التمييز، العضو المحكوم عليه، مجلس الأمة، الحصانة، حضور الجلسات.
الجنسية الإماراتية لطفل الأنابيب المستندة إلى حق الدم من جهة الأم
Authors: العنزي زياد خليف
Published: November 2024

الأهداف: تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تحليل حالات ثبوت الجنسية الإماراتية الأصلية للمولود الناتج عن تلقيح صناعي بناء على حق الدم من جهة الأم، وذلك لأجل بيان مدى الحاجة لتعديل القانون ومنح المولود نتيجة تلقيح صناعي مزيداً من الحماية فيما يتعلق بمسائل الجنسية، المنهج: تتبع الدراسة المنهج التحليلي، وذلك بتحليل القواعد العامة في قانون الجنسية المتعلقة بثبوت الجنسية الأصلية للمولود بناء على رابطة الدم من جهة الأم، ومن ثم تطبيق تلك القواعد على أساليب التلقيح الصناعي، النتائج: انتهت الدراسة إلى العديد من النتائج كان من أهمها: أن الجنسية الإماراتية الأصلية تثبت لطفل الأنابيب غير الشرعي استناداً إلى حق الدم من جهة الأم في خمس حالات، وتثبت تلك الجنسية لطفل الأنابيب المولود لمواطنة من أب عديم أو مجهول الجنسية في ثلاث حالات، وأن الأم الحقيقية لطفل الأنابيب وفقاً للقانون الإماراتي هي الأم المتبرعة(صاحبة الرحم) وليست الأم البيولوجية(صاحبة البويضة)، الخاتمة: خلصت الدراسة إلى الحاجة إلى إجراء تعديل لبعض نصوص قانون الجنسية لكي يشمل بعض حالات ثبوت الجنسية للمولود الناتج عن تلقيح صناعي، وأوصت بأن تكتسب الجنسية الإماراتية لطفل الأنابيب بناء على رابطة الدم من جهة الأم المتبرعة والأم البيولوجية على حد سواء.
الكلمات المفتاحية: القانون الدولي الخاص، الجنسية، طفل الأنابيب، التلقيح الاصطناعي، القانون الإماراتي.
ANALISIS GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN PADA PRAKTIK STUDI KELAYAKAN BISNIS DALAM ERA EKONOMI DIGITAL DI DAERAH PERBATASAN
Authors: Yeremia Niaga Atlantika  , Sabinus Beni  , Eligia Monixa Salfarini  , Benedhikta Kikky Vuspitasari  , Candra Gudiato
Published: November 2024

This study aims to describe the leadership styles applied in the business evaluation process, specifically through business feasibility studies in the digital economy era. The research adopts a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The study was conducted with informants from business actors in Bengkayang Regency, West Kalimantan. The informants included five individuals from agricultural, plantation, culinary, and service business clusters. The research shows that in the digital economy era, market aspects have become increasingly complex due to rapid changes in consumer behavior. Companies must adopt a comprehensive approach, utilizing digital data, social media, and big data to more accurately identify market segments and consumer preferences. High competition in the digital market demands adaptation and innovation to stay relevant. In the garment business, focusing on accurately identifying product demand is crucial, while service businesses, such as traditional clothing rentals, adjust marketing strategies based on consumer needs. Effective leadership in managing markets involves professionalism and active consumer participation. A participative leadership style proves effective in addressing complex business challenges.
Bilişim Uzmanlarının Yapay Zeka Teknolojilerine Bakış Açısı Üzerine Nicel Bir Uygulama
Authors: Göktaş Bora , Karagöz Hasan
Published: November 2024

Günümüzde teknoloji kelimesi sıklıkla dile getirilmektedir. Ortaya çıkan bu teknolojilerden biri de yapay zekadır. Yapay zeka insana has olan duygu, düşünce, karar verme şekli ve davranışların makineler tarafından da yerine getirilmesidir. Bilginin bilgisayar ve ona benzer elektronik aletlerle işlenmesine bilişim; bu işi yapan, bu sistemi düzenleme bilgi ve beresine sahip olan kişilere de bilişim uzmanı denmektedir. Bu çalışmada, bilişim uzmanlarının yapay zekâ teknolojisine karşı tutumları araştırılmıştır. Amaç, yapay zekanın kabul edilme düzeyini belirlemek ve teknolojinin yarattığı kaygılara yönelik önermeler geliştirmektir. Bilişim sektöründe çalışan insanların yapay zekanın devrimsel yenilikleri nasıl baktığı ve kaygı yaratıp yaratmadığı sorusu ele alınmıştır. Bu çalışmanın önemi, bilişim uzmanlarının teknolojiyi ilk kullanan ve benimseyen kesim olduğu düşünüldüğünde, yapay zekanın benimsenme ve yayılma sürecindeki rolünü anlamaktır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre oluşturulan boyutlardan teknolojinin kabulü, yapay zeka için evangelist davranma, etkileşim halinde olunması, olumlu bir tutuma sahip olma, duygusal zekaya sahip olma ve bir yaşam tarzı olarak görülmesi noktasında katılımcılar olumlu bir tutum sergilemekteyken; yapay zekaya ilişkin kaygılar konusundaysa yansız, kararsız görünmektedirler.
Democratizar la sexualidad, interpelar la individualidad:
Authors: Maffeo Melina Daniela
Published: November 2024

El presente artículo se propone analizar cómo se llevan adelante interrupciones voluntarias del embarazo, en un Centro de salud de la zona sur de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Para ello, se expondrá brevemente. como el aborto se constituyó historicamente, como práctica y narrativa. Asimismo, se dará cuenta de la legislación vigente en la materia y las maneras en las que la interrupción del embarazo se constituye como un tratamiento seguro en el ámbito de la salud pública. A su vez, se desarrollan los modos en los que las prácticas vinculadas a la natalidad, la reproducción y sexualidad, fueron consolidándose como un asunto de estado. La metodología utilizada es cualitativa con base empírica y la información recabada surge de fuentes primarias como entrevistas y conversaciones informales con profesionales del equipo; y secundarias, provenientes de notas y cuadernos decampo de la autora. Para llevar a cabo el análisis de los datos obtenidos, se usaron fuentes bibliográficas acordes a la temática. Los resultados arrojados por este estudio, admiten que la grupalidad permite que las mujeres que asisten al dispositivo puedan reapropiarse de sus derechos sexuales y perciban al acto de abortar como una acción colectiva y pública, que excede el ámbito doméstico e individual.
CATARACT CLASSIFICATION USING MOBILENETV2-BASED MODEL
Authors: Khanh-Duy Nguyen  , Thai-Son Nguyen  , Min-Te Sun
Published: November 2024

Cataract occurs when the lens of the eyes, normally transparent, becomes cloudy. Clouded vision resulting from cataracts can posechallenges in activities such as reading, nighttime driving, and discerning facial expressions of acquaintances. Ensuring quality of vision now requires early detection of cataracts. This study aims to create a deep-learning classification system capable of distinguishing between healthy eyes and those affected by cataracts. To achieve this, modifications such as skip connections andchannel-wise attention have been integrated into the pre-trained MobileNetV2 model to formulate the proposed model. Furthermore, augmentation technique and unsharp masking filter are implemented in the pre-processing dataset to augment the image count and improve image quality. The findings indicate that the model achieved an accuracy rate of 98,80% for ODIR-2019 in 2 categories: cataract and normal.
Analisis Miskonsepsi Peserta Didik Kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 2 Gowa Menggunakan Certainty of Response Index (CRI) Studi pada Materi Pokok Kesetimbangan Kimia
Authors: Sari R.A. Yannakova Dwi Indah , Husain Halimah , Alimin Alimin
Published: November 2024

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendekskripsikan miskonsepsi serta jenis-jenisnya dan faktor-faktor penyebab miskonsepsi peserta didik pada materi pokok kesetimbangan kimia. Subjek penelitian adalah peserta didik kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 2 Gowa. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 80 peserta didik pada tahun ajaran 2021/2022. Pengumpulan data menggunakan tes three-tier dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan persentase paham konsep sebesar 4,917% dengan kategori rendah, persentase paham konsep tetapi kurang yakin sebesar 2,718% dengan kategori rendah, persentase miskonsepsi sebesar 42,889% dengan kategori sedang dan persentase tidak paham konsep sebesar 50,828% dengan kategori sedang Jenis miskonsepsi yang terjadi pada peserta didik adalah miskonsepsi adalah true miskonsepsi, miskonsepsi false positive dan miskonsepsi false negative. Faktor penyebab miskonsepsi diantaranya a) peserta didik; b) cara mengajar

ABSTRACT
Purpose of this study to describe misconceptions, their types and the factors that cause students' misconceptions on the subject matter of chemical equilibrium. The research subjects were students of class XI IPA SMA Negeri 2 Gowa. The number of samples is 80 students in the 2021/2022 school year. Collecting data using three-tier tests and interviews. The results showed the percentage of understanding the concept of 4.917% in the low category, the percentage of understanding the concept but less sure of 2.718% in the low category, the percentage of misconceptions of 42.889% in the medium category and the percentage of not understanding the concept of 50.828% with the medium category. Types of misconceptions in students divided into true misconceptions, false positive misconceptions and false negative misconceptions. Factors causing misconceptions include a) students; b) how to teach
Pengembangan E-modul Berbasis Mind Mapping dengan Pendekatan Case Study pada Materi Termokimia di SMA Negeri 5 Medan
Authors: Herlanda Rahma Fauziah , Dalimunthe Makharany
Published: November 2024

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) menganalisis kebutuhan pengembangan e-modul berbasis mind mapping dengan pendekatan studi kasus untuk mendukung pembelajaran materi termokimia di SMA Negeri 5 Medan, (2) menilai kelayakan e-modul yang dikembangkan menurut standar BSNP, (3) mengetahui respons siswa/i kelas XI MIPA terhadap e-modul, dan (4) mengukur hasil belajar siswa/i setelah menggunakan e-modul tersebut. Metode penelitian menggunakan Research and Development (R&D) dengan model ADDIE. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa siswa/i mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami materi termokimia hanya dengan buku teks. E-modul telah divalidasi oleh ahli media dan ahli materi, mencapai kriteria sangat layak dengan skor 3,3 dari nilai maksimal 4. Respons siswa/i terhadap e-modul sangat memuaskan (88,11%). Penggunaan e-modul meningkatkan rata-rata nilai posttest siswa/i menjadi 85, melampaui nilai KKM (78). Analisis statistik menunjukkan efektivitas signifikan (Sig = 0,01), di mana 0,01 < 𝛼 (0,05). Dengan demikian, Ha diterima, yang berarti hasil belajar siswa menggunakan e-modul berbasis mind mapping dengan pendekatan case study pada materi termokimia lebih besar dari 78.

ABSTRACT
This research aims to (1) analyze the need for developing e-modules based on mind mapping with a case study approach to support learning thermochemical material at SMA Negeri 5 Medan, (2) assess the feasibility of e-modules developed according to BSNP standards, (3) know responses class XI MIPA students towards the e-module, and (4) measure student learning outcomes after using the e-module. The research method uses Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE model. Analysis shows that students have difficulty understanding thermochemical material using only textbooks. The e-module has been validated by media experts and material experts, achieving very feasible criteria. Student responses to the e-module were very satisfactory (88.11%). The use of e-modules increased the students' average posttest score to 85, surpassing the KKM score (78). Statistical analysis shows significant effectiveness (Significance = 0.01) in improving student learning outcomes.
Pengaruh Media Interaktif Berbantuan Aplikasi Qr Code Dalam Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing Terhadap Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas XI MIPA SMAN 1 Gowa (Studi pada Materi Pokok Asam Basa)
Authors: Wulandari Aulya , Yunus Muh. , Side Sumiati
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Media Interaktif Berbantuan Aplikasi QR Code dalam Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing Terhadap Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas XI MIPA SMAN 1 Gowa Pada Materi Pokok Asam Basa. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi eksperimen dengan menggunakan desain posttest-only control group design. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh kelas XI MIPA dengan jumlah 6 kelas, sedangkan sampel penelitian ini adalah kelas XI MIPA 3 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas XI MIPA 6 sebagai kelas kontrol. Teknik pengumpulan data hasil belajar dilakukan dengan cara memberikan post-test. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan inferensial. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh Media Interaktif Berbantuan Aplikasi QR Code dalam Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing Terhadap Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas XI MIPA SMAN 1 Gowa Studi pada Materi Pokok Asam Basa.
Pengaruh Macromedia pada Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe TGT (Teams Games Tournament) terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas X IPA SMAN 6 Bontoa Maros
Authors: Febriyanti Mega , Danial Muhammad , Anwar Muhammad
Published: November 2024

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh macromedia pada Model Pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TGT terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas X IPA SMA Negeri 6 Bontoa Maros. Sampel penelitian adalah kelas X IPA1 terpilih sebagai kelas eksperimen yang diajar dengan menggunakan macromedia pada model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TGT dan kelas X IPA2 terpilih sebagai kelas kontrolyang diajar dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TGT tanpa menggunakan macromedia. Berdasarkan uji t diperoleh thitung yaitu 2,79 lebih besar dari ttabel yaitu 1,99 dengan nilai rata-rata adalah 77,28 dan standar deviasi yaitu 12,43 sedangkan siswa pada kelas kontrol dengan nilai rata-rata yaitu 68,63 dan standar deviasi yaitu 14,10. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini ada pengaruh positif penggunaan macromedia pada model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TGT terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas X SMAN 6 Bontoa Maros

ABSTRACT
This study was an experimental study that aims to determine whether there is influence of Macromedia on TGT type of cooperative learning model to the results of class X student IPA at SMAN 6 Bontoa Maros. The sample was chosen as the class X IPA1 experimental class taught using Macromedia on cooperative learning model type and class X IPA2 TGT elected as kontrolyang classes taught using cooperative learning model TGT without using macromedia. Based on t test obtained t is 2.79 greater than ttable is 1.99 with an average value is 77.28 and the standard deviation is 12.43, while students in the control class with the average value is 68.63 and the standard deviation ie 14.10. The conclusion of this study there was a positive effect on the use of Macromedia TGT cooperative learning model to the results of class X IPA SMAN 6 Bontoa Maros
KONSEPSI FISIKA BAGI PESERTA DIDIK SMA DI BONE UTARA DALAM MEMAJUKAN PRODUKSI SONGKOK RECCA
Authors: Musniar Andi , Martawijaya M. A. , Subaer Subaer
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsepsi fisika bagi peserta didik SMA di Bone Utara dalam memajukan produksi Songkok Recca dengan menggunakan bahan alternatif serat eceng gondok. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus yang memusatkan perhatian pada suatu kasus yakni konsepsi peserta didik yang dianggap kurang. Subjek yang digunakan sebanyak lima orang dengan ketentuan menyukai mata pelajaran fisika dan familiar dengan proses pembuatan songkok recca. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan beberapa tahap yakni, pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi data. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa peserta didik tidak memiliki konsepsi fisika, hanya mampu mengungkapkan konsep fisika dan adapula beberapa peserta didik tidak tahu konsep.