bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Base Excess and Lactic Acid Levels as Success Criteria in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Authors: TURAN SÖNMEZ Feruza
Published: October 2019

Background: Cardiopulmonary
arrest a condition that causes high mortality and morbidity. While the
mortality rate is high even in in-hospital arrest cases, the survival of
patients undergoing cardiac arrest outside the hospital is lower, so it is essential
to predict the severity of the case. Many studies have been performed to
understand the mechanism of cardiac arrest, to improve its prevention, and to
increase intervention quality.

Aim: In this study
we aimed to analyze the relationship between acidosis parameters and cardiopulmonary
resuscitation success.

Methods: We analyzed
blood gas data in patients that underwent cardiopulmonary arrest
out-of-hospital, had intervention by an ambulance first-aid team and were then
brought to the emergency room for advanced life support.

Results: A significant
difference in blood lactate levels between the groups was determined.

Conclusion: Lactate
and Base excess levels are parameters that could be used to assess the success of cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
REFLEXOS HISTÓRICOS: POR QUE UMA AULA DE ARTE?
Authors: E Silva Maria Betânia
Published: October 2019

O artigo procura discutir em que momento, como e por que o ensino de arte, chamado educação artística, no período ditatorial civil-militar passou a fazer parte do currículo escolar de forma obrigatória. De cunho qualitativo e análise documental, o estudo utiliza diferentes tipos de documentos como depoimento de professora que atuou no período, leis, pareceres, resoluções, propostas curriculares que explicitam concepções dos legisladores e das equipes de trabalho que os elaboraram, bem como diretrizes para o ensino da educação artística. O período histórico investigado reflete necessidades políticas, sociais e educacionais reivindicadas pela população e a influência acentuada dos acordos estabelecidos entre o Ministério da Educação e órgãos norte-americanos. Levanta questionamentos sobre problemáticas apresentadas pela reforma educacional de 1971 e apresenta alterações na organização da educação básica. A pesquisa mostra que diferentes interpretações dos legisladores determinaram enviesamentos na compreensão do papel da Educação Artística no processo educacional, seu lugar no currículo e a formação do profissional que deveria assumir sua docência.
TRABALHO DOCENTE E ENSINO DE QUÍMICA NO ENSINO MÉDIO INTEGRAL
Authors: Pereira Pamela Ranielle da Silva , Silva Katharine Ninive Pinto
Published: October 2019

Apresentamos resultados de pesquisa cujo objetivo foi o de identificar se há uma adequação das condições de trabalho dos professores de Química no Ensino Médio da Rede Estadual de Ensino de Pernambuco, considerando as condições de saúde do trabalhador docente. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com docentes de seis escolas que fazem parte do Programa de Educação Integral (PEI) do Ensino Médio da Rede Estadual de Pernambuco (4 com jornada integral e 2 com jornada semi-integral), como uma pesquisa do tipo etnográfica. De acordo com os entrevistados, há uma carência de recursos didáticos na área de química que gera aulas teóricas e convencionais em detrimento de aulas em laboratórios ou mais dinâmicas. Existe, também, uma sobrecarga de trabalho docente em geral nessa rede de ensino, que ocasiona adoecimentos. Mas esses docentes evitam solicitar afastamentos, porque o vínculo de trabalho que têm com essas instituições não permite isso, sob pena de perderem o vínculo com essas escolas de tempo integral e, com isso, a gratificação que recebem.
PARA ALÉM DA DIFERENÇA: UMA INTERVENÇÃO EDUCATIVA NÃO FORMAL NO ÂMBITO DA DEFICIÊNCIA MENTAL
Authors: Antunes Maria Conceição Pinto , Sampaio Ana Patrícia
Published: October 2019

Este ensaio apresenta os resultados de um projeto de investigação/intervenção desenvolvido com jovens e adultos com deficiência em contexto de Centro de Atividades Ocupacionais, cuja finalidade se centrou na promoção de uma vida mais autónoma, ativa e participativa. Com base nas metodologias intrínsecas ao paradigma qualitativo interpretativo-hermenêutico e seguindo as diretrizes do método de investigação-ação-participativa, a intervenção baseou-se na dinamização de sete oficinas favorecedoras do processo de educação/aprendizagem dos participantes. Da análise dos resultados da intervenção, realça-se o contributo do projeto para a aquisição de competências promotoras do desenvolvimento de uma aprendizagem autónoma e do aprender a aprender ao longo da vida que possibilitou aos participantes a oportunidade de agir sobre os seus projetos de vida com vista à sua integração na comunidade.
JOGOS E BRINCADEIRAS: TEMPOS, ESPAÇOS E DIVERSIDADE
Authors: Caetano Ubirajara da Silva , Gomes Marineide de Oliveira
Published: October 2019

A resenha objetiva apresentar o livro, destacando aspectos importantes dos jogos e brincadeiras no contexto da educação, pela promoção do diálogo com realidades histórico-culturais distintas, apresentando-se como leitura indispensável para estudiosos e pesquisadores da área e, sobretudo, para a formação de professores que atuam com crianças em ambientes formais e não formais. É organizado em dez capítulos e surpreende o leitor pelo foco em diferentes temas e transpõe o jogo, o brincar e o brinquedo como festas, rituais, mitos, contos, narrativas, com situações lúdicas vivenciadas na comunidade Quilombola. A formação lúdica dos professores da educação infantil torna-se assim imprescindível para que se conheça a importância do brincar no desenvolvimento e na aprendizagem da criança pequena em ambientes coletivos.
Helicobacter pylori as a risk factor for gastric cancer: the evidence and primary prevention strategy
Authors: Voynovan I. N. , Embutnieks Yu. V. , Mareeva D. V. , Kolbasnikov S. V. , Bordin D. S.
Published: October 2019

Russia is a country with a high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection, a high incidence of gastric cancer, and its late diagnosis. HР infection has been recognized as the leading manageable risk factor for gastric cancer. Accurate diagnostic tests must be used to identify and control the effectiveness of HP eradication, and effective schemes must be implemented for HP eradication. The aim of this article was to analyze the latest consensus documents, systematic reviews and meta-analyzes that reflected the role of HP as a risk factor for the development of gastric cancer, as well as measures for the risk reduction. We describe in detail the diagnostic methods for HP infection, provide data on their use in the Russian Federation, and analyze the efficacy of eradication regimens. In all HPinfected individuals, HP leads to chronic inflammation in the gastric mucosa and launches a precancerous cascade (Correa's cascade). The risk of gastric cancer increases with severe atrophy, intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia. Primary prevention of gastric cancer is most effective if the eradication is performed before atrophic gastritis develops. The available consensus documents underline the importance of HP infection identification by accurate diagnostics at this stage of chronic gastritis. In Russia, the primary HP diagnosis is based on histology (37.7%), rapid urease test (29.2%), and serology (29.7%). HP stool antigen test (31.3%), 13C-urea breath test (23.4%) and the histological method (23.3%) are most often used to control eradication. Currently, the first line of eradication therapy is recommended as triple therapy with clarithromycin prescribed for 14 days. It is recommended to use double dose of proton pump inhibitors and bismuth to increase the effectiveness of this scheme. A 14-days triple regimen enhanced by bismuth has been recommended as the first-line therapy in the Russian Federation.
The use of subcutaneous methotrexate from various manufacturers in real clinical practice: a comparative study
Authors: Karateev D. E. , Luchikhina E. L. , Gridneva G. I. , Demidova N. V.
Published: October 2019

Background: Methotrexate is the main synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and other immunoinflammatory conditions. In the recent years, the subcutaneous form of methotrexate (SC MTX), particularly as ready-to-use syringes, has been increasingly used worldwide. Currently, several generics of SC MTX from different manufacturers are available. In literature we could not find any publications on the comparison of SC MTX generics.

Aim: To evaluate the possibility to effectively use various SC MTXs for the treatment of RA and PsA in real clinical practice.

Materials and methods: Patients older than 18 years old with a diagnosis of RA by ACR 1987 or ACR / EULAR 2010 criteria or diagnosis of PsA by CASPAR criteria with indications for SC MTX were included in this open-label 6-month observational study “Therapy of Rheumatoid Arthritis with Methotrexate in the Subcutaneous Form in Clinical Practice (TRAMPLIN)”. TRAMPLIN included two study periods: 1) a retrospective study of the safety of SC MTX from various manufacturers in clinical practice, according to patients' medical records; 632 patients (67.2% female, 32.8% male) on SC MTX were identified, and the number of adverse reactions recorded in the documentation (spontaneous reports) was determined; 2) a prospective study of the treatment duration and the reasons for the withdrawal of SC MTX from different manufacturers, which included 69 patients with RA and PsA. SC MTXs from three manufacturers were used in this study, namely Metoject (Medac GmbH, Germany); Métortrites (S.C. Rompharm Company S.R.L., Romania); Methotrexat Ebewe (Sandoz Pharmaceuticals D.D., Slovenia).

Results: In the retrospective part of the study very few adverse events (AEs) were registered, which were related to SC MTX in the physician's opinion (41 patients, or 6.5%). Their incidence was higher in methotrexate-naïve patients. In the prospective part of the study at 3 months after the start of SC MTX therapy, 25 patients (36.2%) changed the treatment regimen (switched between the study drugs or to oral methotrexate). The main reasons for switching (20.3%) were “non-medical” events in the outpatients. AEs ranked second as a reason for the drug withdrawal (14.5%), irrespective of the manufacturer. At 6 month of the study, 38% patients were treated with Metoject, 30% with Methotrexat Ebewe, 28% with Métortrites, and 4% of patients  switched to oral methotrexate.

Conclusion: This first Russian study of SC MTX generics from three different manufacturers confirmed a good SC MTX safety profile in a large clinical sample and showed good retention rates for therapy: by the end of the observation, 96% of the patients with available follow-up data remained on SC MTX. All three SC MTXs from different manufacturers were compatible in terms of safety, tolerability, and drug survival.
ANALYSIS OF FISHING VESSELS CHARACTERISTICS: A FISHING FLEET PROFILE OF ESPIRITO SANTO, BRAZIL
Authors: De Carvalho Guesse Lucas , Soares dos Santos Amanda
Published: October 2019

O Estado do Espírito Santo possui um setor pesqueiro de grande relevância para o Estado, mas ainda não apresenta um estudo sobre sua Frota pesqueira, o que é um instrumento essencial para a gestão da pesca. Este trabalho apresenta uma análise da Frota Pesqueira do Estado do Espírito Santo a partir dos dados disponíveis no Registro Geral da Pesca (RGP). A frota possui um total de 1355 embarcações cadastradas até o ano de 2015. Características como comprimento total, arqueação bruta, potência instalada foram coletadas e relacionadas com os métodos de captura que as mesmas utilizam. Ao final, é realizada um estudo preliminar da eficiência da frota relacionando Potência Instalada e a Arqueação Bruta das embarcações.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE STRATEGIC APPROACHES TO MODERN DIAGNOSIS OF ANEMIC SYNDROME IN PATIENTS WITH BREAST CANCER
Authors: Blindar Valentina Nikolaevna , Zubrikhina G. N. , Davydova T. V. , Somonova O. V. , Elizarova A. L. , Dobrovolskaya M. M. , Kharitidi T. Yu. , Lyubimova N. V. , Kushlinsky N. E. , Bobryshev A. A. , Kononenko I. B. , Snegovoy A. V.
Published: October 2019

A study of the clinical analysis of blood and major metabolites of ferrokinetics in 107 breast cancer patients before treatment was conducted. In 31 (28.9%) patients revealed anemic syndrome (AS). A feature of the AS is pronounced microcytosis, erythrocyte hypochromia and low hemoglobin content in reticulocytes. Most often (n = 22; 71%) there was iron deficiency (IDA), which was characterized by a low concentration of iron (F), ferritin (FR), hepcidin 25 (GP25), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and high - soluble transferrin receptors (rTFR), transferrin (TRF). In 9 (29%) patients with AS, on the basis of a high concentration of FR, GP25, IL-6, the anemia of chronic disease (AHZ) with functional iron deficiency (FDI) was established. In 23 (74.2%) patients with AS, the was a deficiency of erythropoietin (EPO), the lowest rates were found in the group of patients with a common tumor process and FDI, with less in patients with IDA.
BLOOD GROUP AS A PREDICTOR OF GLYCEMIA AND LACTATEMIA IN CRITICAL CONDITION PATIENTS
Authors: Kuzmicheva V. I. , Gylmiyarova F. N. , Koloteva N. A. , Ketsko Yu. L. , Gusyakova O. A. , Kuznetsova O. Yu. , Gorbacheva I. V.
Published: October 2019

Hyperlactatemia is a dangerous metabolic shift, manifested in an increase in the blood lactate content above 2.2 mmol / l. Changes in the content of lactate affect the function of vital organs and systems, disrupting the course of biochemical processes. This condition accompanies a large number of clinical situations, also it is a major factor, worsening the clinical outcome and the patient’s condition. The study of the characteristics of its occurrence and metabolic relationships helps to fulfill the diagnostic criteria for assessing the likelihood of an adverse outcome. The purpose of this study is to assess the variability of the content of lactate and glucose, as well as the glucose/lactate ratio, depending on the group of blood in the ABO system and the nosology of patients. 250 patients with various diseases whose condition required intensive care were examined, the middle age was 61.08 ± 13.6 years, and 446 practically healthy individuals who did not have acute somatic and infectious diseases, the middle age was 26.83 ± 1.46 years . We investigated the content of lactate and glucose, the glucose/lactate ratio, determined the belonging of the blood to ABO system. Statistical processing of the results was performed in the IBM SPSS Statistica 23.0. The data obtained indicate that patients with B (III) blood group have the highest lactate content in venous blood compared to the general population, and patients with AB (IV) blood group have the highest blood glucose level. In the group of patients with the highest median lactate content, the lowest glucose content was observed. The data presented demonstrate the importance of measuring and monitoring glucose, lactate, and their ratio in the management of patients in a life-threatening condition. Evaluation of metabolic variability depending on the different blood grouping of the ABO system in critical conditions involving hyperlactataemia can serve as an important tool in modeling a personalized approach to the patient.
APPROACHES TO THE ESTIMATION OF SOME PARAMETERS OF HUMORAL AND CELLULAR IMMUNE RESPONSE TO BACTERIOPHAGES
Authors: Bochkareva Svetlana Sergeevna , Karaulov A. V. , Aleshkin A. V. , Novikova I. I. , Fedorova I. M. , Blayaher M. S. , Koteleva S. I. , Kapustin I. V.
Published: October 2019

The aim of the study was to develop some approaches to evaluate the basic parameters of the humoral and cellular immune response to a bacteriophage, taking into account the multifactorial aspects of its interaction with both the pathogen and the macroorganism. The necessary reagents were obtained and a line of diagnostic ELISA test systems was designed to allow semi-quantitative assessment of the anti-bacteriophage IgG-antibody level in serum or other biological human fluids, as well as in preparations obtained from human blood. The need for neutralization reaction to determine the effect of detected antibodies on phage activity against a target bacterium has been proven. Testing the approaches used in the investigation of patients’ blood sera showed that antibodies to bacteriophages synthesized during phage therapy are not always neutralizing. Also approaches have been developed to evaluate cell immunity reactions to bacteriophage namely to identify T-lymphocytes (T-helpers and cytotoxic lymphocytes) that can be activated in the presence of the phage under study (by expressing the early activation marker (CD69) and by the ability to produce IFNγ). Approbation of the technique in the study of lymphocytes in patients during phage therapy showed the presence of activated cells by both the CD69 expression and IFNγ production, the dynamics of which depended on the timing and frequency of therapy. The appearance of neutralizing anti-phage antibodies and corresponding activated T-lymphocytes should be taken into account in phage therapy, the effectiveness of which can directly depend not only on the activity of the phage against the target bacterium, but also on the response of the patient’s immune system to the bacteriophage.
INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA: RELATIONSHIP TO AGE-ASSOCIATED DISEASES (REVIEW OF LITERATURE)
Authors: Bulgakova S. V. , Treneva E. V. , Zakharova N. O. , Trukhanova I. G.
Published: October 2019

In connection with the increase in life expectancy, the number of people of older age groups is increasing, and with it the age of associated diseases, which are of tremendous medical and social importance. Such diseases include Alzheimer’s disease, osteoporosis, sarcopenia, atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular pathology. The role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of these nosologies is widely discussed in the literature. In addition, a number of studies have shown the effectiveness of the use of probiotics and prebiotics in the treatment of these diseases. The review of the literature summarizes the current understanding of the role of the intestinal microbiota in the development, prevention, and treatment of major age-related diseases.
MODERN FERROKINETICS METABOLITES IN THE DIAGNOSTICS OF ANEMIC IN PATIENTS WITH DISSEMINATED STAGES OF HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMA WHEN CONDUCTING INTENSIVE CHEMOTHERAPY
Authors: Blindar V. N. , Zubrikhina G. N. , Davydova T. V. , Somonova O. V. , Elizarova A. L. , Dobrovolskaya M. M.
Published: October 2019

Evaluation of anemic syndrome (AS) was performed in 79 patients with advanced stages of Hodgkin’s lymphoma (LH) at various stages of chemotherapy (CT) according to the EACOPP-14 scheme. Against the background of the treatment, the number of erythrocytes and, accordingly, the HCT indices decreased with each subsequent cycle of chemotherapy (CTC) and reached the maximum reduction to 5, 6 th CCT. Absolute iron deficiency (IDA), which was combined with a low level of EPO and an inadequate degree of anemia, was found in a few LH patients (5 people, 6.3%). Functional iron deficiency (FDZH) was diagnosed in 9 patients (11.4%), had the same morphological signs as IDA. Namely, microcytosis, erythrocyte hypochromia and low hemoglobin content in reticulocytes (RET-HE). In contrast to IDA, patients with FDZh concentration of FR, GP-25 and IL-6 were high. Despite the fairly large reserves of iron, the level of rRTF testified to the “iron hunger” of the erythrocariocytes of the bone marrow, its index exceeded the upper limit of the norm, while RET-HE was low. In 34 (43%) patients, LH revealed a deficiency of endogenous erythropoietin (EPO), which was observed not only in patients with AHZ, but also in patients with IDA. Lower levels of EPO were detected in patients with leukopenia and very low erythropoietic activity of the bone marrow.
STANDARDIZATION OF COMPONENT MANUFACTURING CONDITIONS AND SETTING UP THE IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE REACTION ON THE EXAMPLE OF SYPHILIS LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICS
Authors: Mardanly S. G.
Published: October 2019

The use of technology for preparing components for immunofluorescence reaction (RIF) in a number of clinical diagnostic laboratories (CDL) in accordance with the recommendations of the Guidelines introduced by order of the RF Ministry of Health No 87 dated March 26, 2001 does not guarantee the required standardization of RIF preparation and conduct conditions. The latter is achieved by using the appropriate industrial production reagent kits in the СDL practice.
An Introduction to Clinical Genetics
Authors: Wright Karen , Diehl-Jones William
Published: October 2019

Understanding the principles of basic genetics is the beginning of understanding more complex and advanced genetic studies, such as epigenetics. This article presents a review of the basic concepts of genetics, Mendelian and non-Mendelian patterns of inheritance, and basic genetic testing.
The Basics of Molecular Genetic Testing in the NICU
Authors: Braid Susan
Published: October 2019

Understanding of genetics has grown rapidly over the past 20 years and has led to the new diagnostic genetic technologies used in the NICU. These molecular genetic tests help diagnose neonates with congenital anomalies, growth disorders, and dysmorphic features. This article presents the basic molecular biology needed to understand such diagnostic tools. Neonatal intensive care nurses are on the forefront of this technology, and need to understand it so they can provide optimal nursing care and support to parents of neonates going through this advanced genetic testing.
Integration of Israeli Students of Ethiopian Origin in Israeli Universities
Authors: Feuerstein Rafi , Tzuriel David , Cohen Shlomit , Cagan Anat , Yosef Lea , Devisheim Haim , Falik Lou , Goldenberg Rosalind
Published: October 2019

The current criterion for acceptance to universities in Israel is based on psychometric testing that presents a strong barrier for acceptance of students of Ethiopian origin (SEO) to the universities. Based on the sociocultural theories of Vygotsky and Feuerstein, we suggest an intervention aimed at integrating SEO, considered to be “culturally different,” in universities. The intervention includes a novel screening process (based on dynamic assessment [DA] and an interview), academic oriented metacognitive course, and supportive counseling. A group of SEO (n = 665) with low psychometric scores, applied for assistance in admission to university, in seven cohorts (2010-2016). A group of 174 (26%) candidates were selected for the project and enrolled for studies in university; 49.4% enrolled in prestigious departments (e.g., medicine). The findings showed that despite the significant lower psychometric scores of the SEO as compared with the national average, only 4.6% have withdrawn at the end of first year as compared with 10.8% of the national Jewish sample and 12.4% among SEO population. A higher percentage of SEO in the current sample enrolled in high prestige departments than SEO in the population. No significant differences were found between dropped-out and continuing students in the psychometric test. Prediction of three-years' grade point average (GPA) by psychometric scores were not significant (R2 = .03, p > .05) as compared to the prediction in SEO population (R2 = .10, p < .001). The findings support Vygotsky's and Feuerstein's approach that standardized tests of students with deprived cultural backgrounds do not reflect their learning potential and that the use short-term intervention may be an effective mechanism of preparing students for academic success.
Process-Oriented Dynamic Testing in a Complex Figure Task
Authors: Veerbeek Jochanan , Vogelaar Bart , Resing Wilma C. M.
Published: October 2019

Process-oriented dynamic testing aims to investigate the processes children use to solve cognitive tasks, and evaluate changes in these processes as a result of training. For the current study, a dynamic complex figure task was constructed, using the graduated prompts approach, to investigate the processes involved in solving a complex figure task and changes in these processes as a consequence of training. A new process-oriented measure was developed, which used computer-automated scoring to evaluate children's organization in drawing the figure. Participants were 106 regular primary school children (M= 7.8 years, standard deviation [SD] = 0.42 years). The graduated prompts training led to significantly more progression in complex figure drawing accuracy from pre-test to post-test, compared to unguided control. The level of organization of the figure also became more advanced as a result of training, as reflected by the highest category of organization being attained by trained children only. However, the training did not lead to transfer from the trained domain to an inductive reasoning task.
The Structure of Binary Matroids with no Induced Claw or Fano Plane Restriction
Authors: Nelson Peter , Postle Luke , Kelly Tom , Kardos Frantisek , Bonamy Marthe
Published: October 2019

A well-known conjecture of András Gyárfás and David Sumner states that for every positive integer m and every finite tree T there exists k such that all graphs that do not contain the clique Km or an induced copy of T have chromatic number at most k. The conjecture has been proved in many special cases, but the general case has been open for several decades.

The main purpose of this paper is to consider a natural analogue of the conjecture for matroids, where it turns out, interestingly, to be false. Matroids are structures that result from abstracting the notion of independent sets in vector spaces: that is, a matroid is a set M together with a nonempty hereditary collection I of subsets deemed to be independent where all maximal independent subsets of every set are equicardinal. They can also be regarded as generalizations of graphs, since if G is any graph and I is the collection of all acyclic subsets of E(G), then the pair (E(G),I) is a matroid. In fact, it is a binary matroid, which means that it can be represented as a subset of a vector space over F2. To do this, we take the space of all formal sums of vertices and represent the edge vw by the sum v+w. A set of edges is easily seen to be acyclic if and only if the corresponding set of sums is linearly independent.

There is a natural analogue of an induced subgraph for matroids: an induced restriction of a matroid M is a subset M′ of M with the property that adding any element of M−M′ to M′ produces a matroid with a larger independent set than M′. The natural analogue of a tree with m edges is the matroid Im, where one takes a set of size m and takes all its subsets to be independent. (Note, however, that unlike with graph-theoretic trees there is just one such matroid up to isomorphism for each m.)

Every graph can be obtained by deleting edges from a complete graph. Analogously, every binary matroid can be obtained by deleting elements from a finite binary projective geometry, that is, the set of all one-dimensional subspaces in a finite-dimensional vector space over F2.

Finally, the analogue of the chromatic number for binary matroids is a quantity known as the critical number introduced by Crapo and Rota, which in the case of a graph G turns out to be ⌈log2(χ(G))⌉ -- that is, roughly the logarithm of its chromatic number.

One of the results of the paper is that a binary matroid can fail to contain I3 or the Fano plane F7 (which is the simplest projective geometry) as an induced restriction, but also have arbitrarily large critical number. By contrast, the critical number is at most two if one also excludes the matroid associated with K5 as an induced restriction. The main result of the paper is a structural description of all simple binary matroids that have neither I3 nor F7 as an induced restriction.
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI VISIONET DALAM MEMBANGUN CITRA UNTUK GENERASI MILENIAL
Authors: Karo-karo Dewi Sartika , Wijaya Lina Sinatra
Published: October 2019

This study aims to describe the communication strategies carried out by VisioNet. The communication strategy applied, has a positive impact on both company members and prospective employees especially the millennial generations. This is a descriptive qualitative research. For gathering the data, the in depth-interview to the millennials generations is used. The results of this study indicate that VisioNet carried out the communication strategy through various media, such as social media (Instagram, facebook, youtube) and printed media (brochures, bulletins, x-banners, banners). In addition, Internal communication through seminars and general classes is also used to build the internal relations with the employees. VisioNet also carries out an employer brand through website, social media, job fair, newsletter/release, publication, seminar general classes and also some events to build the image of the company among the target audience.
Nickel-free environment — dreams vs. reality
Authors: Łańczak Anna , Choręziak Aneta , Płocka Maria , Sadowska-Przytocka Anna , Czarnecka-Operacz Magdalena , Adamski Zygmunt , Jenerowicz Dorota
Published: October 2019

Introduction. Frequent occurrence of elevated nickel levels in everyday items explains why allergic contact dermatitis to nickel is the most common in the general population. In Northern America and Europe, 20% of the general population suffers from contact dermatitis while 8.6% of patients suffering from contact dermatitis are allergic to nickel.Material and Methods. A group of 25 patients (24 females and 1 male) sensitized to nickel and cobalt on the basis of patch testing was analyzed during a 2-year-long period in Department of Dermatology Poznań University of Medical Sciences. Contact allergy to nickel and cobalt was confirmed with the positive result of patch test, conducted with the Polish Standard Series of chemotechnique.Results. An excessive nickel release was detected in over a quarter of the tested items, respectively in 7.5% of jewellery, 57.89% of clothing accessories, 56.89% of other utility goods, such as keys, telephones or stationery. Cobalt excessive release was found in 7.3% of tested items, respectively in none of jewellery and kitchen accessories, 25% of clothing accessories, 12.5% of other utility goods (keys, pens, pendants).Conclusions. In general, everyday-use items are not nickel-free and more legislation steps are necessary to provide it and prevent initial sensitization in future generations. Several articles of every-day use release nickel and cobalt above migration limits.
Absence of HCV RNA from the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells is a Predictor of Good Response after Treatment of Egyptian Chronic Hepatitis C Patients with Sofosbuvir Based Therapy: a prospective study
Authors: Mostafa Hanan Mostafa , Zaghloul Mariam Salah , Ghazal Abeer , Ragab Dalia Elsayed
Published: October 2019

Background: Studies indicate that in most patients with chronic hepatitis C, viral RNA is present not only in plasma but also in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC). Furthermore, the PBMC compartment may be a preferred site for HCV, which is able to reinitiate viral replication after HCV treatment, even if clearance occurred. The aim of this study was to detect the persistence of hepatitis C viral RNA in both serum and PBMCs at 12 and 24 weeks of treatment in chronic hepatitis C virus (CHC) patients with sofosbuvir based therapy. Methods: 75 CHC patients were tested for HCV- RNA in serum at 0, 12 & 24 weeks of treatment, and for HCV- RNA in PBMCs on the 12 & 24 weeks. Results: At week 12 of treatment all patients had no HCVRNA in their serum; however, 8 cases were positive for HCV RNA in their PBMC. After 24 weeks of treatment, HCV RNA was re-examined in both serum and PBMCs for all patients. Six out of the eight cases that were found having positive HCV RNA in their PBMCs turned positive HCV RNA in the serum. While the other two cases still negative for HCV RNA in the serum. Interestingly, another two cases out of the sixty-seven cases that were found having negative HCV RNA in their PBMC turned positive HCV RNA in the serum. Conclusions: Absence of HCV RNA in PBMC is a better predictor of good response after treatment of CHC patients with DAAs, than its absence in the serum.
A review on oral health care oral health outcomes of four different health care systems
Authors: Brondani Mario , Mathu-Muju Kavita , Skott Pia , Sandborgh-Englund Gunilla , Hugo Fernando N , Ardenghi Thiago , Smith Moira , Thomson W Murray
Published: October 2019

Background : A universal approach to oral health is said to improve oral health outcomes and lessen inequity, but research has shown mixed results. This study aimed at critically reviewing the oral health care systems of four countries in terms of structure, scope, and delivery, along with their impact on oral health outcomes. Methods : A comparative literature review of the oral health care systems in Brazil, New Zealand, Canada, and Sweden was performed between August 2017 and January 2018 using PubMed/MEDLINE and the key words ‘universal’ AND ‘dental OR oral’ AND ‘care OR access’ AND ‘outcome’. This is a critical essay based on evidence available in the literature and interactive conversations with 12 key informants from these countries. Results : All four countries provide some form of universal health care, but the administration, funding, and delivery of oral health care varied. Approximately 6% of oral health care expenditure in Canada is publicly funded. Brazil provides full publicly-funded oral health care at the point of use via salaried dental professionals, while Sweden offers a high-cost protection plan favouring those with greater needs, and New Zealand delivers publicly-funded oral health care to children–up to their eighteenth birthday. With service utilization varying, 61% of Canadian children, 67% of Swedish children, 50% of Brazilian children, and 45% of New Zealand children are caries-free at age 12, while 6.4%, 0.8%, 6.5%, and 9.6% of adults between the ages of 20 and 79 years are edentulous, respectively. Conclusions : All countries have some form of publicly-funded oral health care, but vary in the way that the services are delivered, from salary-based providers to private-practice models. Service utilization and oral health outcomes differ in each country.
Two-adjacent-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion versus one-level corpectomy and fusion in cervical degenerative disc disease: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wu Dongying , Wang Shanzheng , Yuan Feng , Fan Weimin , Sun Jun
Published: October 2019

Background: The aim of the present study was to compare whether anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) with a polyether ether ketone (PEEK) cage was superior to anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion (ACCF) with a titanium mesh cage (TMC) in the treatment of two-adjacent-level cervical degenerative disease.
Methods: From May 2014 to December 2015, 47 patients with cervical degenerative disease who underwent ACDF with PEEK or ACCF with TMC were included in this retrospective analysis. Perioperative parameters (hospital stay, blood loss, operation time, and complications), clinical outcomes (Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores and visual analogue scale scores for neck and arm pain), and radiological outcomes (the overall cervical sagittal angle, segmental angle of the treated vertebral level, the height of the treated vertebral level, and fusion status) were evaluated.
Results: The operative time was significantly shorter (P = 0.006) and blood loss was higher (P = 0.081) in the ACCF with TMC group. The early hardware failure rate was 4% and 0% in the ACCF with TMC group and the ACDF with PEEK group, respectively. The subsidence rate was higher in the ACCF with TMC group (8%) than in the ACDF with PEEK group (0%).
Conclusions: The two procedures yielded comparable results in terms of clinical and radiological outcomes during 1-year follow-up. However, when compression at the vertebral level is mild to moderate, we suggest the use of ACDF than ACCF because of the possibility of early hardware failure. Allograft or heterotopic autograft can be avoided in both groups.
Younger Patients and Men Achieve Better Recovery of Function Than Older Patients and Women with Surgically Treated Distal Radius Fracture
Authors: Lou Tengfei , Li Xujun , Hamushan Musha , Cai Weijie , Han Pei , Yin Xiaofan
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Distal radial fractures (DRF), which are commonly managed by open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with a volar fixed-angle plate, are a common upper limb fracture. The potential influence of age and gender on the results of postoperative functional recovery of patients with DRF has not been studied. In this study we therefore reviewed a large cohort of patients with DRF who had undergone ORIF with a volar plate to determine if functional measures as well as pain score differed according to gender and age.
Methods: This was a retrospective study using routinely collected data. Between November 2013 to November 2018, we performed open reduction and volar locking plate to treat 1396 patients with DRF. Of those, 1089 (78%) patients were found eligible and entered the analysis. We compared a series of measures including ROM (flexion, extension, supination and pronation), grip strength and pain score according to gender and age at one month, three months and six months postoperatively.
Results: Male patients had greater ROM, lower pain score and better grip strength at each time interval from one to six months postoperatively. However, the differences were attenuated over time. At the final follow-up piont, the differences in terms of flexion, grip strength and pain relief were still statistically significant. Younger patients had more favorable outcomes for almost all measures including flexion, extension, supination, pronation and grip strength. The differences had statistical significance at each follow up point and were more obvious with the development of time. There were no significant differences between younger and older groups with regard to pain scores during the entire follow-up period.
Conclusions: Male and younger patients with volar ORIF of distal radial fractures achieve outcomes that are superior to female and older patients.
Keywords: Distal radial fractures, Age, Gender, Functional recovery
Effect of hyaluronic acid on osteoblast function in vivo and on fracture healing in an experimental rabbit model
Authors: Li xiang , Xie Ruimin , Wang xiong , Li bohua , Wang Yongping
Published: October 2019

Background: Fracture healing is regulated by endocrine hormones and biochemical and biophysical factors, including hyaluronic acid (HA), which is a component of the extracellular matrix. The prerequisites for biological responses that promote fracture healing, such as biomechanical conditions, and molecular factors, can be investigated in bone cell cultures. Methods: In this study, HA promoted the formation of calcium nodules and the expression of runt-related transcription factor (Runx)2 and osteocalcin (OCN) proteins in MC3T3-E1 cells. Results: In a rabbit tibial fracture model, HA promoted formation of larger calluses than those in control or sham-treated animals at 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks (P < 0.05). Osteophytes were larger in HA-treated than in control animals at 4 and 6 weeks (P < 0.05). Bone mineral density was greater in HA-treated than in control animals at 4, 6, and 8 weeks (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The results showed that HA promoted the formation of calcified nodules in bone cell cultures and healing of rabbit tibial fractures.
From the Editor-in-Chief
Authors: Krys Svitlana (Lana)
Published: October 2019

Editorial.
Review of Olʹha Luchuk. Panteleіmon Kulish i Mykola Lukash: Perekhresni stezhky perekladachiv; Shekspirova drama “Troil i Kressyda” v konteksti ukrainsʹkoi kulʹtury.
Authors: Ilnytzkyj Oleh S.
Published: October 2019

Book review of Olʹha Luchuk. Panteleіmon Kulish i Mykola Lukash: Perekhresni stezhky perekladachiv; Shekspirova drama “Troil i Kressyda” v konteksti ukrainsʹkoi kulʹtury [Panteleimon Kulish and Mykola Lukash: Translators Crossing Paths; Shakespeare’s Drama “Troilus and Cressida” in the Context of Ukrainian Culture]. Vydavnytstvo “Akta,” 2018. 556 pp. Illustrations. Tables. Appendices. Bibliography. Index. UAH 289,00, cloth.
Adaptive Stem and Adventitious Root Responses of Two Tomato Genotypes to Flooding
Authors: McNamara Steven T. , Mitchell Cary A.
Published: October 2019

Tomato accessions PI 128644 (Lycopersicon peruvianum var. dentatum Mill.) and PI 406966 (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) were identified in preliminary screening trials as being relatively nonresistant and resistant to 120 hr of flooding, respectively. Many adventitious roots (AR) developed on the lower stems of flooded PI 406966 seedlings, while few formed on flooded PI 128644 plants. Root formation by flooded PI 406966 seedlings depended on de novo initiation rather than emergence of preformed initials. Hypocotyl porosity of PI 406966 plants increased from between 3% and 6% to 8% by 36 and 72 hr of flooding, respectively. Porosity of PI 128644 hypocotyls was unchanged by 72 hr of inundation. Flooding did not affect the secondary root porosity of either accession. The limited capacity of PI 128644 seedlings to develop AR and aerenchyma was not related to an inability to synthesize 1-aminocyclopropane-l.carboxylic acid or ethylene in response to hypoxia. Chemical name used: 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC).
Survival of in Vitro-grown Apical Meristems of Pyrus Following Cryopreservation
Authors: Reed Barbara M.
Published: October 2019

Apical meristems of four pears (Pyrus communis L. cv. Beurre Hardy, P. koehnei Schneider, P. cossonii Coss. and Dur., and a hybrid, P. dimorphophylla Makino × P. fauriei Schneider) were tested for their ability to survive immersion in liquid nitrogen. Plantlets were grown in vitro at 25C or cold-hardened for 1 week at – 1C before cooling at rates of 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, and 0.8 C/rein to –40C, followed by plunging the vials into liquid nitrogen. Vials were thawed for 1 min at 40C. A cryoprotectant mixture of polyethylene glycol, glucose, and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) was used. Regrowth of meristems ranged from 0% to 61% for plants grown at 25C and from 5% to 95% for cold-hardened plants. Cold-hardening significantly improved the recovery rates of all species tested. Survival rates increased as cooling rates decreased. Survival rates were not linked to the geographic origin of the species tested.
Use of Dyes to Facilitate Measurement of New Root Growth of Apple
Authors: Arnold Michael A. , Young Eric
Published: October 2019

The root systems of dormant l-year-old apple (Malus domestics Borkh. `Starkrimson') grafted on seedling rootstock were dipped for 15 seconds in one of six dye treatments or a water control. Trees were destructively harvested at 15, 30, and 90 days after treatment to monitor new root and shoot growth and effectiveness of dyes for distinguishing between regenerated roots and those present at planting. Neutral red and methylene blue allowed effective separation of new and old roots through 90 days after treatment, and had few adverse effects on root or shoot growth, with a water control being the standard. Crystal violet and safranin-O allowed effective separation between regenerated and previously existing roots, but these dyes adversely affected new root and shoot growth. Alizarin red S and Hantover meat branding ink were ineffective for distinguishing between regenerated and previously existing roots by 15 days after treatment.
Flower and Fruit Development in Tepary Bean
Authors: Weis Kitren G. , Webster Barbara D.
Published: October 2019

The drought-adapted, disease-resistant tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray. var. acutifolius) is of great value as a potential gene donor of useful traits to the common bean (P. vulgaris L.). Analyses of flowering and fruiting patterns of tepary indicate that anthesis and abscission of reproductive structures within a raceme follow well-defined spatial and temporal patterns. Flowering occurs acropetally, and the probability of flowering decreases with distance from the most basal bud of the raceme. The probability of bud or pod abortion increases with distance from the basal bud, and the rate of abortion is highest in buds and pods proximal to the apex. Buds that never reach anthesis abort in the green-bud stage of development and aborting fruits cease development within the first 25% increase in pod length. In nonaborting fruits, the rate of seed abortion is 6%. A marked increase in abscission of all buds and fruits at all raceme nodes occurs before cessation of flowering.
Growth Regulators Combined with Grafting Increase Flower Number and Seed Production in Sweet Potato
Authors: Lardizabal Ricard D. , Thompson Paul G.
Published: October 2019

Four sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] cultivars responded differently to growth regulator application for number of flowers produced, percentage capsule set, and number of seeds produced. Gibberellic acid, 2,4-D, and BA application resulted in the highest number of flowers by `Jewel', `Shore Gold', and `Vardaman) plants, respectively. Application of GA3 to `Jewel', 2,4-D or ethephon to `Shore Gold', and BA to `Vardaman' produced the highest number of seeds. Grafting to rootstock of Z. carnea Jacq. spp. fistulosa (Mart. ex Choisy) D. Austin increased flower numbers, percentage capsule set, and number of seeds in all cultivars. The effects of growth regulators and grafting were additive for flower numbers, percentage capsule set, and number of seeds. Chemical names used: N-(phenylmethyl)-1H-purin-6-amine (BA), (2,4-dichlorophenoxy) acetic acid (2,4-D), (2-chloroethyl) phosphoric acid (ethephon), and (1α, 2β, 4a α, 4b β, 10)-2,4a,7-trihydroxy-1-methy1-8-methylenegibb-3-ene-1,10-dicarboxylic acid 1,4a-Iactone (gibberellic acid; GA3).
Zonal Geranium Growth and Flowering Responses to Six Growth Regulators
Authors: Tayama Harry K. , Carver Stephen A.
Published: October 2019

Two experiments were conducted to compare the efficacy of uniconazole (10-ppm spray and drench), paclobutrazol (15-ppm spray and drench), triapenthenol (132-ppm spray and drench), chlormequat (1500-ppm spray only), ethephon (500-ppm spray only), and chlormequat + daminozide (2500 + 1500 ppm spray only) combination for controlling stem elongation of zonal (cutting) geraniums [Pelargonium hortorum (L.H. Bailey)]. Additionally, the effect of these materials on days to anthesis, inflorescence number, and phytotoxicity was evaluated. Spray applications provided effective height control and did not affect days to anthesis or inflorescence number. Drench applications severely restricted growth and reduced inflorescence number, but did not delay flowering. None of the treatments was phytotoxic. Chemical names used: β-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]-α-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1H-l,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol (paclobutrazol); 2-chloro-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium chloride (chlormequat); α-cyclopropyl-α-(4-meth-oxyphenyl)-5-pyrimidinemethanol (ancymidol); (2-chloroethyl) phosphoric acid (ethephon); butanedioic acid mono(2,2-dimethylhydrazide) (daminozide); β-(cyclohexylmethylene)-α-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol (triapenthenol); (E)-1-(p-chlorophenyl)-4,4-diemethyl 1-2(1,2,4-triazol-2-yl)-1-penten-3-o1 (uniconazole).
Recovery of Tomato Plants from Ozone Injury
Authors: Tenga Albert Z. , Marie Beverley A. , Ormrod Douglas P.
Published: October 2019

Field experiments in open-top chambers were conducted to study the recovery of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. New Yorker) plants from ozone (O3) injury. Plants were pot-cultured and exposed for 7 hours per day for 4 days at a vegetative or flowering stage to charcoal-filtered air, 0.06, 0.09, 0.12, 0.18, or 0.24 μl O3/liter. Half of the plants were harvested 2 or 3 days after the O3 exposure; the remaining plants were held in open-top field chambers in filtered air and harvested after the appearance `of the first red fruit. Ozone exposure at either growth stage resulted in visible foliar injury and decreased leaf area of plants harvested 2 or 3 days after exposure. In spite of extensive foliar injury after O3 exposure at the vegetative stage, there was no significant decrease in fruit yield or change in fruit quality at the final harvest. In contrast, exposure of plants to O3 at flowering progressively reduced fresh weight of fruit and, to a lesser degree, its concentration of titratable acidity.