bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inflammatory mediator-induced bystander effects and genomic instability: role of tissue-specificity
Authors: Al-Mayah Ammar Hasan Jasim
Published: January 2024

Much evidence showed that radiation-induced inflammation can cause cellular damage in direct irradiated and bystander cells, which are in vicinity of irradiated cells underlying radiation-induced bystander effects (BE). As well as radiation-induced genomic instability (GI) is observed within the progeny of irradiated and bystander cells as a delayed damage responses. This study tried to mimic the effects of radiation-induced GI and BE by exploring the inflammatory effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on human primary fibroblast (HF 19) and umbilical vein endothelial (HUVEC) cells. To prove the principles of LPS can cause DNA damage in HF 19; cells were treated with 1 μg/ml LPS, and BE was induced by media transfer. Comet assay was used to estimate DNA damage in the direct treated and bystander cells. The early DNA damage result was significantly observed in the direct treated and bystander HF 19 cells. However, these cells did not show a significant delayed DNA damage within their progeny. Comet data showed that LPS frequently induced only initial DNA damage in HF 19 cells. The experiment was repeated utilising HF 19 and HUVEC cells, in order to investigate whether LPS could be involved in the induction of GI in a tissue-specificity manner. Both HF 19 and HUVEC cells were treated with 1 μg/ml LPS. BE was also induced by media transfer. Chromosomal analysis was used for early and late chromosomal damage estimation. Data showed that LPS treatment could significantly cause early chromosomal aberrations in the direct treated and bystander HF 19 and HUVEC cells. However, delayed chromosomal instability was observed only in the direct treated HUVEC cells. Our finding suggested that LPS frequently induced BE in HF 19 and HUVEC cells, which could be mediated by pro-inflammatory cytokines that stimulated by LPS treatment. Moreover, LPS could be involved in the GI induction in a tissue-specificity manner.Keywords:
Molecular study of p53 supressor gene and Bcl-2 oncogene by DNA In Situ Hybridization technique in breast cancer patients in Iraq\Wasit Province
Authors: Alyaa Abdul Ridha Hanash  , Kareem Hamed Ghali  , Mohammed Naji Karim
Published: January 2024

DNA In Situ Hybridization technique was used to estimate overexpression of p53 and Bcl-2 in different histological type of Iraqi female breast cancer patients and to assess whether these biomarkers are significantly correlated with clinicopathological parameters (tumor grade , stage , age and invasiveness ) of breast carcinoma .The study included forty six patients, their ages ranging between 20-77 years with a mean age of (46.08) years, between Septembers 2012 and May 2013. The results showed that p53 overexpression frequency was (63.04) and Bcl-2 was (52.17) in patients with significant differences (p=0.001). Also the results showed asignificant differences between the expression of each of these biomarkers with tumor grade and stage (p=0.05). As well as there was significant difference between the expression of p53 and patient age (p=0.05). The results of these study supported the importance role of these genes in carcinogenesis and ability to use both genes as a markers in diagnosis.
A Study Of antioxidant capacity of different doses of alcoholic extract of Marticaria Chamomilla flower in comparison with vitamin E in oxidative stressed male rats
Authors: Seaab Imad Sahib
Published: January 2024

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of alcoholic extract of Marticaria chamomilla flowers on the antioxidant status in comparison with vitamin E in male rats. Thirty mature male Albino Wister rats were used in this study, the animals were divided into six groups (5 each), the first group was administered with water only, the second one was subjected to H2O2 0.75% in drinking water. The third group was orally intubated with 50mg/kg vitamin E concurrently with H2O2. The other three groups (T3, T4 and T5) were orally administered with M.Ch.E (40, 80 and 120 mg/kg BW) respectively. Blood samples were taken at zero time and then after 30 days, serum sample were examined for CAT, peroxynitrite radical concentration, TC, TAG, HDL-C, VLDL-C and LDL-C. The results showed a significant elevation in ONOO concentration, TC, TAG, VLDL-C and LDL-C associated with a reduction in CAT and HDL-C in H2O2 treated group in compared with control group, this result may be contributed to oxidative damage associated with long term H2O2 exposure. While other groups (vitamin E group and M.Ch.E treated groups) showed a significant reduction in ONOO concentration, TC, TAG, VLDL-C and LDL-C with an elevation in HDL-C if compared to H2O2 treaded group. This may be contributed to the antioxidant effect of vitamin E and M.Ch.E. However, 120mg/kg BW M.Ch.E treated group recorded the highest positive effect against oxidative stress and its effect seems to be normalizing with vitamin E effect, as well as both groups (vit. E and 120mg/kg BW M.Ch.E) clarified a non-significant different with control group in all experiment parameters. This result pointed to antioxidant effect of M.Ch.E in a dose dependent manner.
A comparative study between some biocontrol agents and the nematicide furfural on growth of tomato plants and pathogenesis of meloidogyne javanica under green-house condition
Authors: Mohammed Jubair Hanawi
Published: January 2024

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of three fungal biocontrol agents along with G.mosseae and nematicide furfural against root knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica infecting tomato plants(Lycopersicon esculentum) under greenhouse condition. Bioagents are Paecilomyces lilacinus, Trichoderma harzianum , T. viride and mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae which were compared with the nematicide furfural . The furfural compound was the best treatment in promoting plant growth and reduction the number of root galls/plant . The result showed that the T. harzianum was the best biocontrol agent in increasing shoot length and root length 16.2 % , 26.1% respectively .The P. lilacinus was the best biocontrol agent in reduction root galling (57.53%). Combination of biocotrol agents with G. mosseae and furfural was the least effective treatment in promoting plant growth and the reduction of root galling was 31.43%.
Spectroscopic properties of gold nanoparticles by laser irradiation
Authors: Hashim Ali Yousr  , Al-Attabi Hadi Dewiej , Khalida Saleh
Published: January 2024

In this work a gold nanoparticles solutions has been irradiated by laser beam.The gold nanoparticles are prepared by using potassium bitarate as a reducing agent and Polyethylene glycol as a dispersion factor. The particles size of prepared solutions between 50-100 nanometers. Colloidal gold nanoparticles are irradiate with laser diode at period 5 and 10 minutes then the comparisons between two solutions with and without irradiation was done. The results are obtained by measuring the absorbance and using a spectrophotometer for the both solutions before and after irradiation. The result shows the differences between the spectrum of nanoparticles at ordinary state and spectrum of nanoparticles irradiated with laser beam. It's clear that the resolution is increase when the time of radiation is increasing. When spectrophotometers testing are done, we can note that there are broadening in the beginning of the spectrum of nanoparticles and increasing when time of exposure of laser beam is increasing.
Pollution of ionising radiation diagnostic dose and its targeted and non-targeted effects on human primary fibroblast cells
Authors: Al-Mayah Ammar Hassan Jasim , Mahdi Saber Luaibi Khanim
Published: January 2024

One of the key issues of current radiation research is the biological effect of low doses of X-ray, which can instigate to chromosomal damage in direct irradiated and bystander cells. Additionally, the direct irradiated and bystander cells demonstrate delayed damage responses within their progeny, underlying radiation-induced genomic instability (GI). In this study we tried to mimic the effects of diagnostic procedure doses of X-ray (0.5 rad) on human fibroblast cells, which are considered as a one of the environmental polluter. Human fibroblast cells were irradiated with 0.5 rad X-ray, which were considered the direct irradiated cells; whilst radiation-induced bystander effects (BE) were induced by media transfer. Both cell populations were propagated until 24 generations for delayed responses. The direct, bystander and their progeny cells were subjected to chromosomal analysis and comet assay to measure chromosomal and total DNA damage in these cells. Early response of chromosome damage was observed in the direct irradiated cells; however it was statistically insignificant. Bystander cells showed higher chromosomal damage than the irradiated cells; but it was insignificant compare to the corresponding control groups. Conversely, comet data demonstrated a significant DNA damage in both direct irradiated and bystander cells as initial responses. Interestingly, progeny of direct irradiated and bystander cells showed a significant chromosomal instability and DNA damage after 24 population doublings following irradiation. The findings suggested that the diagnostic procedure doses of X-ray could cause a profound chromosomal instability within human primary fibroblast cells; which are considered as a hallmark of carcinogenesis.
Calculating the vegetation area using satellite imaging through two transformation methods
Authors: Mutasim Ibrahim Malak  , Jalal Ibrahim Faraj
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we use of NDVI Transformation to determine where a bouts of the green areas (Vegetation) of the region under the imaging, then employ these results as background information to apply the supervised classification for the first principal component (PCA) after making a turn KL-Transformation they contain most of the information in the satellite image of sensor TM, after that is the comparison between the two methods of classification directed by reference to the NDVI and statistical measurements. Finally, we choose the best classification to calculate percentage of the Green areas in the satellite image.
Contamination of markets meat with E.coli in Kut city
Authors: Khairi Jamel Wahied Al-Ruaby
Published: January 2024

The study was done to assess the level of markets meat contamination with E.coli, 60 meat samples (20 beef, 20 beef burger and 20 chicken meat) were collected from local markets in Kut city (Iraq) during the period from June up to October 2013. The isolation rate of E.coli in the three types of meat samples were twenty –seven (45%) : thirteen (65%) beef burger , nine (45%)beef and five (25%)chicken meat, There was statistically significant difference (P< 0.0 5) in prevalence of E.coli between the three types of meat. The median counts of E.coli was 1.6x106 CFU/g in beef,5.9x105CFU/g in beef burger and 2.4x103CFU/g in chicken meat. There was statistically significant difference (P< 0.0 5) in E.coli counts between the three types of meat. The median counts of aerobic plate count (APC) in Beef burger, Beef and chicken meat are 3.4x106 CFU/g, 3.1x106 CFU/g2.1x106 CFU/g, respectively. The results of Statistical analysis showed no significant differences(P>0.05) in (APC)count between the three types of meat The results of this study showed that meat is a significant source for foodborn disease that concerns the public health in Kut city.
Measurement of Activities of Adenosine Deaminase and Superoxide Dismutase in Bladder Cancer Patients
Authors: Ghali Kareem Hamed
Published: January 2024

The biochemical study investigated the specific activity of two enzymes; adenosine deaminase (ADA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the sera of eighty three blader cancer (BC) patients and twenty controls. A significant reduced specific activity of ADA was observed in the patients (0.136 U/gm vs. 0.206 U/gm ), while SOD contrasted the picture, and instead, a significant elevation of the activity was observed (11.430 U/ml vs. 8 585 U/ml )., especially in the advanced stages of disease
New record of the larval trematod (Strigea: Tetracotyle) (Trematoda: Strigeidae) from the muscles of Ardeola ralloides in Basrah Province
Authors: Abdul-Hussein H. Awad  , Iltefat Amer Al-Tameemi
Published: January 2024

A total of 23 specimens of Ardeola ralloides were collected from Al-mashab north of Basrah- and examined for helminth parasites. The loose fascia over the skin muscles of neck, esophagus, trachea, thorax and abdomen of Ardeola ralloides were found to be infected with Strigea: Tetracotyle, which is reported here for the first time in Iraq.
Effect of Algae Spirulina Extraction in treatment of intestinal tissues of mice infected with Cryptosporidium spp.
Authors: Abbas Ahmed Ali Al-Shuwaili  , May Naji Al Khanaq  , Wassan Hamza Mazal
Published: January 2024

Cryptosporidiosis caused by Cryptosporidium spp. It is a zoonotic disease that is the most prevalent, so the study was conducted to evaluate the anti-cryptosporidiosis efficacy of alcoholic and aqueous spirulina algae extracts in comparison with Azithromycin in the intestines of infected mice. Fecal samples were collected from patients at Al-Kout Hospital suffering from diarrhea in the period November 2021 to February 2022, and 124 microscopic samples of both sexes were examined using a modified Ziell-Nelson stain to detect eggs infected with the parasite. Isolation and flotation purification with shither sugar solution and preservation in potassium dichromate for the purpose of infection in mice. The Experimental study was on groups of 57 mice by dealing with oral parasite oral oocysts within 104 oocyst/ ml except for the negative group addressed by a fishery saline solution. To strict injury, the detailed mice has been examined with microscopic parasites using Ziehl-Nelson Stain, and molecular screening was performed using Multiplex PCR technology. After the mice were divided into five groups with the uninfected and untreated group kept as a healthy negative control. The first group which included 21 mice was treated after it was divided into three subgroups A, B, C for each secondary group 7 mice they were treated with alcoholic extract of Spirulina at different concentrations 50, 100, 150 mg/ml on the respectively, while the second group which included 21 mice on three groups A, B, and C was treated with aqueous extract of Spirulina at the previous concentrations for three consecutive days for each concentration. The third group was treated with azithromycin at a concentration of 500 ml, and the positive control group remained infected with the parasite and was not treated. After treatment a microscopic examination was performed by evaluating the excretion average of parasite oocysts using a hematocytometer slide. The results of histological examination showed that treatment with alcoholic and aqueous Spirulina algae extracts led to remarkable repair and regeneration with restructuring in all sections of the small intestine infected with Cryptosporidium spp. parasite to varying degrees according to the concentrations used. Whereas the groups treated with Spirulina algae extracts showed epithelial layers renewed with the formation of non-enlarged cells and less edema, in addition less infiltration of inflammatory cells was observed in the submucosal layer. There was a slight inflammation in the tissues of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum with a clear decrease in inflation and the degree of inflammation as well as less severe lesions in the intestinal tissues treated with alcoholic and aqueous extract of Spirulina algae in the highest concentrations with complete disappearance of parasite oocysts.
Study The Acute Toxicity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Cyprinus carpio's Tissues.
Authors: Ayad Ghazi Hashim  , Yaaroub Faleh Khalaf Al Fatlawy
Published: January 2024

Despite nanotechnology's rapid growth and early acceptance, the health risks of prolonged exposure at varied concentrations in individuals and the environment have yet to be investigated. Due to nanomaterial use, many nanoscale products enter aquatic habitats, affecting ecosystems and human health. Nanomaterials' environmental impacts will increase. Ceramics, sunscreens, and hair care products use ZnO nanoparticles. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) may enter aquatic ecosystems, generating concerns regarding their effects on aquatic animals. This study examined how ZnO NPs affected common carp (Cyprinus carpio) diets. Toxicological studies reveal ZnO NPs harm humans and the environment. Thus, ZnO nanoparticles must be characterized for consumer and environmental health and safety. This study aims to determine ZnO nanoparticles' acute toxicity (LC50) and gill histopathology in Cyprinus carpio. 3500 mg/L ZnO nanoparticles kill C. carpio at 50%. In this work, sub-lethal Zinc Oxide nanoparticle exposure for 21 days affects the ovary, liver, and kidneys.
Antioxidant Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Prepared from Capsicum Annuum (Bell Pepper) Extract
Authors: Rehab Abd Al-Hussein Dabish
Published: January 2024

Vegetables have reported to contain high content of wide verity of important phytochemicals that can be used in medical approach. Bell pepper are one of the most important vegetables that can be used as spice in foods, as well as it has a diversity of the phytochemical compounds. Carotenoids, vitamin A, vitamin C, polyphenolic compounds and other metabolites were found in bell peppers of all colors. Red pepper is characterized by its high content of β-carotene. Our goal was to prepare an aqueous red pepper extract solution and use it to synthesize Ag NPs, then examine the antioxidant activity of the extract and the nanoparticle solutions. Ag NPs were prepared at room temperature by utilizing the aqueous red pepper extract solution as well as characterized by using UV-Vis spectrophotometry and field emission scanning electron microscope. The characterization result has shown the presence of Ag NPs in particle average of approximately 58 nm. The antioxidant activity was determined by using a DPPH assay, where ascorbic acid has shown IC50 of 23.71 μg/mL which was lower than Ag NPs (IC50 = 43.72 μg/mL). The best antioxidant behavior was obtained from the red pepper extract solution (IC50 = 17.26 μg/mL). This may attributed to the high content of phytochemicals in the extract solution. Importantly, the use of red pepper extract solution in preparing AgNPs have shown to improve their antioxidant activity, which is considered as good additive to the medical features of Ag NPs.
Prevalence of refractive errors and eye disorders among primary school children in Al-Kut City, Wasit Governorate, Iraq
Authors: Hussien Adnan Hussien Hnoosh
Published: January 2024

This study was designed to estimate the prevalence of refractive errors and other eye disorders among primary school children in Al-Kut city at Wasit Governorate, Iraq. In this population-based cross-sectional study of primary school children (age 6-12 years) a sample of 1000 children from 4 different primary schools of both sexes were selected. All schools were in Al-Kut city. Our team visited the selected schools and examined the children for presenting visual acuity followed by manifest refraction, external eye, anterior segment and posterior segment, and ocular alignment and motility. Positive cases were referred later to Al-Zahra Teaching Hospital, ophthalmology department for more comprehensive examination and management. Refractive errors include myopia, defined as a spherical equivalent (SE) of at least -0.50 Diopter (D), hypermetropia SE at least +1.0 D, and astigmatism at least 1.0 D cylinder. The prevalence of refractive errors was (20.7 %); myopia (16.3 %), hypermetropia (4.5 %), and astigmatism (10.0 %). Refractive errors are common in this age group. They were the main cause of visual impairment. Because they have a significant medical, social, and financial impact on society, early attention to this problem is important to avoid the long-term effects of amblyopia and poor school performance. It was concluded that our screening program is an effective strategy where all children enrolling in primary schools are examined compulsorily to eliminate this treatable cause of visual impairment.
Routine Babies Vaccination Management System in Iraqi Healthcare Center
Authors: Rawaa Ismael Farhan Al-Rikabi
Published: January 2024

In this advanced technological age, most health care center need the management programs as an alternative to the books , notebooks and writing patient evidence by the employee in the management of health care center as in the past . the use of a program to manage the health care center helps to get rid of the problems that come when writing in the books to end the exposure of these books for damage and loss .Vaccinations are important for children. All mothers are required to give their children vaccinations on time to avoid serious diseases .Manually tracking to the Vaccinations schedules for all babies can be nearly impossible, causing missed opportunities to schedule babies in need of vaccinations. This paper eliminates this problem by automating vaccinations tracking through the database to alert parents about Vaccinations schedules , thus leading to a healthy society free of these infectious diseases and the epidemics that cause them.
Histological Study of Esophagus in White Breasted Kingfisher (Halcyon symernensis)
Authors: Marwa Jamal Hussain Al Kinany
Published: January 2024

Study targeted to clarification the microscopic features of the esophagus structure in (white breasted kingfisher) bird Halcyon smyrnensis, which is primarily piscivorous, through studying of various histological modifications such as relative development of mucosal folds, mucous-secreting glands and musculature have been shown to be correlated with the specific feeding habits of studying bird. Histological study was conducted on ten adult healthy birds during the period from March to May of 2016 in the Animal House of the College of Science / University of Wasit. The results showed that the esophagus kingfisher birds characterized as a thin flexible muscular tube. The most important characteristic of the installation of the esophagus in a bird Kingfisher histologically that the wall of the esophagus found to be composed of only three layers or tunics: mucous, muscular and adventitious arranged from the inside to outside, referring to the absence of tunica submucosa. Microscopic observation of first mucosal layer of esophageal wall showed that it was consists of lamina propria, epithelia and groups of longitudinal folds without discrimination for presence of muscularis mucosae. Mucosal layer of esophagus wall lined by epithelium of non- keratinized stratified squamous epithelium tissue. Lamina propria noticed to compose of numerous mucous esophageal glands. The histological study of esophageal wall also indicated to the absence of submucosa layer because the difficulty to distinguish from the lamina propria. The second tunica tunica a muscularis externa composed of smooth muscle fibers arranged into two secondary layers, inner circular layer and an outer longitudinal layer. In addition to the mentioned tunics it's found a third layer surrounding the muscularis externa consisted of nerve fibers, and fatty cells known adventitia.
Employment of polyacrylic acid beads in treatment of industrial water pollution with Pb (II) ions
Authors: Subhi A. Al-Bayatyi  , Talaat Hikmat Al-Aqbi  , Raisan Kadhim Taresh
Published: January 2024

The current study deals with the removal of Lead ions from its aqueous solution by using polyacrylic acid beads. The process variables have been studied where time of contact, pH of solution, temperature, initial concentration. The adsorption capacity reached a maximum value of 565 mg/gm. after 24 hours. The study proved the applicability of pseudo first order of Langmuir model comparing with Frundlich model using the same conditions. The adsorption isotherms correspond well with shape (S) and by Giles isotherms. The thermodynamic study showed that the adsorption is endothermic process from positive value of ΔHo , while the positive value of entropy refers to the increased regularity of adsorption.
Measuring blood glucose level for diabetics type II and its prevalence between the patients in wasit province from 40 age and older
Authors: Zahraa Alwan Jasim
Published: January 2024

This study was conducted to measure the level of Random Blood Glucose(RBG) for type 2 diabetic patients and their prevalence among the age groups of 40 years and older in both sexes. The study included 400 people with type II diabetes registered at the Center of Teaba Healthy of wasit province . Patients were divided into age groups, the first group (40-49 years), the second group (50-59), the third group (60-69), the fourth (70+ years and older), the blood collected after two hours from eating , then we had made comparison between the mean value of RBG for groups . The aim of study was to know in any of which age group, RBG was higher , also knows the prevalence of the diabetic among patients by made a percentage to all groups, also our study is the first of its kind for early detection of diabetic patients in Center of Teaba Healthy of wasit province . Result in this study , showed the diabetics that have been higher mean value of RBG (179.8) were with the group of age (40-49) , and the high percentage for number of diabetic in total number 400 was in the same group of age (40-49) was recorded 38%, the women also was had a percentage (58 %) compared with the males were had ( 42 % ) from the total of all patients(400).
Preparing CuO, Cu2O thin films at various argon gas by using reactive dc magnetron sputtering method
Authors: Anmar Hassan Shukur  , Sarmad H. Ibrahim  , Haider Th. Salim Al-Rikabi
Published: January 2024

Copper oxide (Cu2O, CuO) has been formed by dc reactive magnetron sputtering method of glass substrates, whereas pure target of the solid copper was sputtered with a mixture of plasma for argon gas and oxygen gas which are used form these films. Under vacuum chamber pressure on 1.2×10-5 Pa, Ar was varying from 5 to 15 sccm while other deposition parameters were fixed. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, XRD diffractions system, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), hall effect measurement system, and UV–VIS spectrophotometer were used to calculate the characteristic of the deposited thin films. Thin film at 5 sccm has investigated n-type of CuO thin film with direct band gap of 1.8eV and p-type of Cu2O at 15 sccm with direct band gap of 2.7eV. The influence of changing the Ar on the electrical and the optical properties was investigated in this study, furthermore in this study approved that the reactive dc magnetron sputtering method is suitable to prepare two type of semiconductors by change only one condition.
Ecological study of some physical, chemical and bacteriological characteristics of Tigris River water in Wasit province, Iraq
Authors: Hussein Ali Awad AL-Zamili
Published: January 2024

This study was performed in the Tigris River water as it passed through Wasit province at the rate of five stations extending along the river, (Al-Sowarah, Al-Nu'maniyah, Al-Kut before Al-Kut Dam, after leaving Al-Kut city and Sheikh Saad), to evaluate the environmental quality of Tigris River water. Samples were collecting monthly, two samples were taken each month, and for a period of one complete year starting from the January 2016 - December 2016. The study included measuring some of the Physical, Chemical and Bacteriological Factors. The results of this study showed significant monthly changes in the values of all studied factors. The parameters values of current study showed that the water temperature values ranged from 9-29 °C and the values of turbidity ranged between 8-55 NTU, electrical conductivity ranged between 749-1352 μs/cm with Salinity 0.479-0.865 ppt, total dissolved solid 499 – 960 mg/l, total suspended solid values ranging from 12-190 mg/l. It was found that the water of the Tigris River is slightly alkalinity, with pH ranged between 7-8.1. The monthly concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO) ranged from 6.2 - 12 mg / l, BOD ranged between 0.8 - 6.4 mg / l, total alkalinity ranged between 120-230 mg CaCO3/l, total hardness ranged between 284-520 mg/L, while the concentrations of calcium and magnesium were 71-189, 36-97.4 mg/l respectively, chlorides values varied from 90-151 mg/l, the sulphate values ranged between 185- 410 mg/l. Nitrate values varied from 0.6 -6.7 mg/l and the phosphate values ranged between 0.08-1 mg/l. Tigris River can be considered adequate for civilian uses according to WHO and Iraqi Quality Assurance System after adequate treatment in filtration and sterilization stations.
Preparation of Maghemite γ -Fe2O3 Nanoparticles by Electrochemical Method
Authors: Shaimaa Hussien Shahad
Published: January 2024

Fe2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized by electrochemical method using a rectangular iron plate as an anode and Graphite rod as the counter electrode cathode. The synthesized nanoparticles were examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Results show that nanoparticles have tetragonal shape with average size of 17 nm. The surface of nanoparticles is smooth with good crystallinity.
Effect of using different types of Origanum majarona Extracts on Quality traits of thigh meat broiler in frozen storage
Authors: Riad Kazem Mousa  , Ali Ahmed Khalaf Al Aboudi
Published: January 2024

The present Experiment aimed to study the effect of the use of different types and concentrations of Origanum majarona extracts on some qualitative traits of frozen broiler The preservation experiment was carried out at a temperature of (-18) cº for a period of (3) months. The water extracts of Origanum majarona plant used concentrations (0.1% , 0.2%) And alcoholic extracts concentrations (0.01% , 0.05%) On the broiler. Chemical tests included: the peroxide number, free fatty acids percent, cholesterol Level. Microbial tests, included: the total bacteria count. Results showed a significant decrease for the peroxide number, the free fatty acids percent and cholesterol Level in the thigh meat in all periods of freezing storage. The samples treatment the alcoholic extract of Origanum majarona had lowest values which are (0.11 meq/g meat, 0.16%, 64.42 mg/100 g meat) respectively compared with the other experimental treatments. A significant decrease for the total bacteria number in frozen thigh meat was recorded with alcohol extract treatment of the lowest total bacteria count (3.47×106) cfu/g compared with other experimental treatments. The longer storage period increased significantly the total bacteria count in the meat for different experimental treatments.
Synthesis, characterization and bioassay of Cr(III), Mn(II), Fe(II), and Zn(II) complexes with (2E)-2-(4-methoxy benzylidene) hydrazine carboxamide
Authors: Sallal A. H. Abdullah
Published: January 2024

The ligand (2E)-2-(4-methoxybenzylidene)hydrazine carboxamide [L] has been synthesized from the reaction of 4-methoxybenzyaldehyde with semicarbazide. This ligand was characterized by elemental analysis, 1H-NMR spectra, FT-IR spectra and Uv-visible spectra.Metal complexes of this ligand were synthesized by reaction of metal ions [Cr(III), Fe(II), Mn(II) and Zn(II)] with this ligand [L]. All metal complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, Magnetic susceptibility, electrical conduc- tance, Uv-vis spectra and FT-IR spectra. The antimicrobial activity of the ligand and its metal complexes were investigated for their (In-Vitro) antibacterial on (E. coli) and (Bacillusubtilis) and antifungal (A. niger) and (P. chrysogenum) activities. The result indicates that the growth of the tested organism was inhibited by the most of this complexes.
common green lacewing the Faceted life of a predatorChrysoperla carnea (Stephens) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) and density on citrus trees.
Authors: Hakki Ismaiel AL-Kinany
Published: January 2024

The study was conducted in Wasit province (Numaniya) and the province of Baghdad (Jadiriyah) in 2013-2014 in orchards planted with different kinds of citrus under the date palms infected with the whitefly Aleuroclava jasmini (Takahashi) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). The results of the study showed that predator the common green lacewing Chrysoperla carnea ( stephens) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) is the dominant predator in the presence and prevalence on various citrus trees with different densities depending on the density of whitefly, and the highest density was on Tangerine trees Citrus tangerine Tanaka and recorded all his stages (eggs, larvae, pupae and adults) during the spring, summer and autumn, and is in the winter the stage of active and volatile adult insects among the trees citrus, which underlines the lack of passing Hibernation and that the intensity of the predator first two peaks during the months of June and July and the second in September and October.
Natural radioactivity and radiation risk assessment in fly ash Soil and Water Samples Collected from and around of the AL-Zubaydiyah Thermal Power Plant, wasit, Iraq
Authors: Maysloon Kareem Kazem  , Hadi Dawyich Al-Ataby  , Shafik Shaker Shafik
Published: January 2024

In this study, the activity concentrations of radium -226 (236Ra),actinium-228 (238Ac) and potassium -40 (40K) of fly ash , in the Zubaidiyah thermal power station in Wasit province in Iraq were determined using gamma-rays spectroscopy with a hyper -pure germanium (HPGe) and sodium iodide (NaI(TI)) detectors. Reagent system used sodium iodide gamma spectrum and is surrounded by a shield of lead to reduce background radiation and measuring models and calculate the concentrations of natural radioactive isotopes of uranium -238 series, and a series of thorium-232, as well as potassium isotope -40 natural . In general, the results of uranium were higher than the results of thorium with a limit of 3 to 4 times. These are normal results that confirm that there are no previous or old pollutants in the study areas. The risk factors have been calculated in the present study, which include radium equivalent activities ( ), gamma dose rate (D), external hazard index ( ), internal hazard index ( ), annual effective dose which comprise indoor and outdoor effective dose rate (E) It is measured by unit mSv/y and representative level index ( ), respectively.
Study of some heavy elements in some local water filling stations Wasit / Kut
Authors: Zainab Mohammad Abbas
Published: January 2024

The study was conducted to estimate the concentration of a number of heavy elements of water samples of some) RO( plants in different areas of Al Kut city, where samples were withdrawn from ten stations in some regions (Al-Zahra, Imam Ali, Al-Abbasiyah district, Tammuz, Al-Hakim, Al-Hawra district, Al-Azza, Al Khajia, Anwar al-Sadr area, Shuhada regions) and estimate the number of some elements such as lead )Pb(, cadmium )Cd(,zinc )Zn(, nickel )Ni), and compare the results with the permissible limits according to draft 779 Drinking water specifications WHO The high levels of lead and cadmium were recorded and the zinc element was maintained at the allowable values. The nickel element recorded a complete absence of the extracted samples and high percentages in the samples of Al-Zahraa, Imam Ali neighborhood, Abbasiya, Anwar al-Sadr area and Shuhada regions.
A COMPARISON OF BAYESIAN APPROACH WITH Maximum Likelihood Method To Estimate Parameter For Rayleigh Distribution
Authors: Najm A. Oleiwi Al-Ghezi
Published: January 2024

The main objective of this study is to obtain and compare the performance of "Maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) and Bayesian estimators of the scale parameter of the Rayleigh distribution. In order to get better understanding in our Bayesian analysis we consider informative prior as well as non-informative prior using Jeffery prior information under loss functions (modified squred error loss function, Quadratic error loss function) to find the best method for estimation, which used the samples size ( 10, 20, 30, 50, 100). The comparison of the estimators, based on their mean squared errors (MSE's), we obtain that, MinMSE is the best estimator, while the performance of Bayes estimator under modified squared error loss function with non-informative prior with a value of the scale parameter ( ) is the best estimator comparing to other for all simple size.
Synthesis and characterization of Phenyl bis- hydrazone complexes with Pd (II), Mn (II), Ni (II) and Fe(III) ions
Authors: Mohamad Hikmat Ali
Published: January 2024

A new ligand of phenyl bis-hydrazone (V) was been synthesized as a result of a reaction between phenyl-isatin hydrazone and salicyladehyde. The yellow crystals of (V) was been studied using IR, 1H.n.m.r 13C-n.m.r, UV-Vis spectrum and molar conductivity measurements. The complexes of Palladium (II), Nickel (II), Manganese (II) and Iron (III) with phenyl bis-hydrazone have been synthesized and characterized on based on molar conductivity, magnetic susceptibility data, UV-Vis and IR spectral studies. The spectral data referred to that the ligand acts as monobasis tridentate, coordinating through phenolate oxygen, azomethine nitrogen, and carbonyl oxygen of isatin moiety. On the basis on the above results an octahedral geometry has been proposed for the mentioned complexes.
Study of electrical conductivity characteristic of tin dioxide films doped with Indium used as gas sensing elements
Authors: Jadua Muneer Hilayl , Isa Abbas Fadil
Published: January 2024

The electrical conductivity properties were studying characteristics of SnO2:In2O3 thin films, prepared by thermal evaporation method by Magnetron Sputtering Technology with high quality. Optimal conditions for obtaining thin film with maximum gas sensitivity where revealed. During the results of this study was clear that the maximum sensitive degree for doped tin dioxide thin film by Indium at a temperature less than undoped tin dioxide thin films. Sensitivity values were studied for samples with the power of function δ~APβ , where found the value of β decreases from 0.88 for the SnO2 films to 0.32 for the doped films with indium.
Improvement Of Electrical Transport For PbTe Thin Films by Thermal Treatment
Authors: Jubier Najwa Jassim
Published: January 2024

This research deals with electrical characteristics of the PbTe thin films that were prepared by thermal evaporation technique. It was noted that the electrical characteristics of these films improved with the increase in annealing temperature. It was also noted that the electrical conductivity and carrier's mobility increased with temperature to a limited extent. This proves the improvement of the electrical transport of this compound. It was also found that the concentration of carriers decreased when treated thermally with a high degrees and mobility decreased while the concentration of carriers increased after that.
Investigation the role of online experience in learning (E-Learning) environment a review for researchers
Authors: Saleem Maysoon Allawi
Published: January 2024

E-Learning implementation is an area in progress that continues to evolve with time and further research. Researchers in this field argue that e-Learning is still in its infancy, resulting into numerous implementation technologies across a wide e-Learning spectrum. These technologies include TV, CD ROMs, LMS, CMS, LCMS and virtual world as well as collaborative technologies. This paper provides a general overview of the learning process, evaluates some current implementation trends pointing out a range of frameworks and strategies used in the past decade. It further looks at the changes created by the adoption of e-Learning within the higher education process. This is followed by an identification of emerging issues from which two problems are identified:1) The limited uptake of technology as an instruction delivery method: and2) The ineffective use of technology to support learning.The aim of the paper is primarily a review to inform researches about current work in these different areas.
Effect of leaves and seeds extract from Artimise absinthium plant in Fusarium oxysporum growth
Authors: Mutlaq Abed Al-Hussein , Abood Nadhum Tarad
Published: January 2024

Three (( 1 , 2 , 3 ) gram concentrations from leaves and seeds extract of Artimise absinthium plant /liter of distilled water were used so as to determine their effect on the growth Fusarium oxysporum growth . The results showed a significant correlation at the 0.01 and 0.05 level between ( 1 , 2 , 3 ) gram leaves and seeds extracts / liter of distilled water and hyphae growth . The concentration ( 3 ) gram leave extract / liter distilled water is more effect on fungus growth .The active material ( Sinigrin) was isolated from the leaves and seeds of plant .
Preparation and characterization of Trivalent lanthanide ion complexes with tridentate mono azo Ligand
Authors: Hussein Kameran Basim
Published: January 2024

The lanthanide complexes of 4-(2-pyridylazo)-resorcinol are prepared in solid state. All compounds have been characterized by means of elemental analysis (C.H.N) molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility and analytical spectral studies IR and UV-Visible spectral techniques. While the complexes have additionally been characterized by differential thermal analysis data and are formulated as [Ln(C11H8N3O2)3].H2O Ln = Pr3+ , Nd3+ and Sm3+ ; [Ln(C11H8N3O2)3] Ln = Eu3+, Er3+ and Yb3+ . The results of these studies on the synthesis and structural characterization, suggest neutral lanthanide complexes in which the mono azo ligand being a uninegative (deprotonated form) and tridentate ligand. The absorption spectral profiles suggest a coordination number of nine around Ln(III) ions in the complexes.
The Effect Of Different Periods of Heat Stress on Some Of The Haematological Picture At Broiler Chicks Vaccinated By Newcastle And Gumboro Vaccines
Authors: Aboud Sarmad Abdul Razak
Published: January 2024

This study was conducted to show the effect of the heat stress that will represented by 35 C° and for two periods : 8 hours in group (C) and 16 hours in group (D) with giving both Newcastle and Gumboro vaccines , and in addition to a control group (A) that will be represented by normal fowl breeding temperature according to its life stages without giving any vaccines and group (B) that will be giving all above vaccines breeding in normal temperature with comparing between all these groups with each others in order to know the effect of the heat stress on some hematological parameters in treated broiler chicks ,these parameters have been measured weekly by taking 15 birds from each group randomly to making these tests and depending their resulting in statistical test. The results of red blood cells count , blood haemoglobin concentration and packed cells volume were indicated lesser averages in the group (D) in comparing with other groups that beginning from the fourth week to the end of experiment duration , and the results of the groups (C) was mentioned a significant decrease in all parameters that have been referred to above in comparison with (A) and (B) groups as of the fourth week to the end of treatment period , and at the time when measuring of the H/L ratio ( the stress indicator ) averages in all experiment groups during the treatment weeks , the group (D) are counted their highest average at all treatment weeks in addition to the significant increasing in (B) , (C) and (D) groups in comparing with group (A) from the second weeks and to end of the last week from probation .
Trigeminal neuralgia: an unusual case associated with CPA arachnoid cyst
Authors: Muhsan Thaer Hammed , Sabah Sattar Rasheed
Published: January 2024

A case of trigeminal neuralgia in a 28 year old female, complaining from severe lancinating intermittent pain, not relived by tegretol,caused by CPA arachnoids cyst which causes pressure on trigeminal ganglia in the pons, In this paper we discuss the trigeminal neuralgia and its treatment in general and specially this case
Ultrasonic Assessment of Ovarian Lesions
Authors: Al-Hassnawi Jabbar F. Edan
Published: January 2024

During the period from August 2008 to February 2009 seventy four female patients were admitted to Al –Zahra teaching hospital- Kut- Wassit and scanned by pelvic and abdominal ultra sonography for various complaints to assess the cause of the pelvic pathology and to determine the ovarian status . All these patients were subjected to surgery and after that their histopathological findings were studied and analyzed for sonographic accuracy. The diagnostic accuracy of ultra sound in this study was 81.1% in the characterization and proper description of the ovarian lesions. Thus it seems to be ultra sound is a good tool as being the primary imaging modality in a patient with suspected pelvic mass by identifying the origin and the nature of the pelvic mass.
Determination of Marginal bone Level in the Normal Primary Dentition
Authors: Abbas Hanan Fadil
Published: January 2024

The aim of the present study was to establish the normal range for the radiographic distance between cemento-enamel junction and the marginal bone level in the primary dentition using bitewing digital images. The samples examined in this study were 120 Iraqi children 7 and 8 years old (60 male and 60 female). The parameters were measured using the DIXI2 configuration software, which is automatically installed from Dimaxis software. Results showed that the mean of marginal bone height of the normal primary molars was (1.37 ± 0.48 mm). In addition, individual surfaces displayed distance ranging from (0.5-2.5). It was concluded that the normal marginal bone level in posterior primary dentition was (0.0-2.0) and bone loss occured when the distance between cemento-enamel junction and the marginal bone level more than 2 mm.
Calculating the Atomic electron impact Ionization Cross Section for some elements
Authors: Khalf Alaa A.
Published: January 2024

Inner-shell ionization cross section (ICS) by electron impact are of interest not only to the basic collision physics for complex atoms, but also to various practical applications in material science and electron microscopy. Theoretical difficulties in the past were between the threshold and the peak, which occur usually four to five times the threshold energy. Theories based on classical mechanics are somewhat better than on Born cross section, but such theories usually requires adjustable parameters. We used the Gryzinski formalism to calculate atomic electron impact ionization cross sections for the elements (Fe, Co, Mn, Ti, Zn, and Nb). Good to satisfactory agreement was found for all atoms with the exception of (Nb), where the distance between our cross section and Deutsch-Mark formula become larger at the high values of the overvoltage (U). Moreover, when compared to other to available ionization cross sections for these atoms, calculated using other methods and semiempirical formula, the Gryzinski formalism achieved a level of agreement with experimental data that is as good better than the predictions from the other methods.
Buccal versus Intravaginal Administration of Misoprostol for Labor Induction
Authors: Rubaee Sajda A. , Jaffer Ghufran
Published: January 2024

Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of misoprostol that is administrated in the buccal pouch with the intravaginal route.

Study design: Ninety eight pregnant women with a singleton live gestation. Bishop score of < 5, gestational ages of > 37 wks were randomized receives misoprostol that would be placed either in the buccal pouch or vagina. In the oral group were initially given 100 μg of misoprostol orally this was repeated every 3-4 hours until occurrence of active and progressive labor while in vaginal group we insert 25 μg in the vagina using a water as a lubricant and the labor and fetal outcome was compared in both groups.

Results: The hours from drug administration to vaginal delivery were significantly not different between the buccal and vaginal group (1120 ± 128) versus (1412 ± 140) respectively, 28 patient in buccal group versus 35 delivered vaginally in vaginal group. The neonatal outcomes between the two groups were similar and there were no statistical difference between the two groups. (P = not significant). So, buccal misoprostol is effective for cervical ripening as dose the vaginal administration.