bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of a Mobile-Based Self-care Application for Patients with Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema in Iran
Authors: Ahmadi Maryam , Shahrokhi Seyedeh Nafiseh , Khavaninzadeh Morteza , Alipour Jahanpour
Published: October 2022

Background Due to the chronic, progressive, and debilitating nature of breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL), it is necessary to observe and maintain self-care management accordingly. This study was conducted to develop a mobile application based on the Android operating system for self-care management of Iranian patients with BCRL.

Methods An applied developmental study was conducted in 2020. The users' information needs assessment as well as design, development, implementation, and evaluation of the mobile app for self-care management of patients with BCRL was done by searching the literature, reviewing the existing mobile applications, and surveying the users' needs. The mobile app was designed using the Android Studio environment and Java programming language in the Android operating system. The usability of the app was evaluated by 30 patients with BCRL using the questionnaire for user interface satisfaction-seventh version (QUIS 7).

Results The mobile app for BCRL included demographic information, clinical information, lifestyle and system functions (drug use, nutrition, exercise, smoking cessation, communication, and test time reminder). User usability evaluation of the app content and functions confirmed that it was appropriate and satisfactory for the self-management of women with BCRL.

Conclusion The mobile app was appropriate in terms of the content, function, and quality for improving the patients' lifestyle and education and self-management of BCRL symptoms according to its usability evaluation from the end-users' (patients) perspective. It is suggested that studies should be performed to confirm the effectiveness and identify the clinical significance of the app.
Port-city symbiosis and uneven development: a critical essay on forestry exports and maritime trade from Coronel, Chile
Authors: Cuevas Valenzuela Hernán , Torres-Salinas Robinson , Grosser Günter , Félez-Bernal Jorge , Budrovich Jorge
Published: October 2022

This article explores the concept of port-city territory symbiosis in combination with social and environmental impacts of logistics, port handling, and the global value chains (GVC) of forestry products. Based on fieldwork and a mixed method approach, our analyses of the port-city of Coronel, its forestry hinterland, the port company PuertoCoronel, and the pulp mill MAPA, illustrate a more general pattern of uneven economic, social and spatial development. While forestry and port companies improve and modernize their processes and facilities, the city of Coronel and its territories seem to be left behind. As this case study shows, symbiosis makes an exciting contribution to the study of port-city-territories, if one expands the latter to include its connections to other territories upstream of the GVC, and conceives them as an integral part of the global economy. Additionally, our analysis challenges the concept of symbiosis by providing a critical twist to include phenomena such as environmental injustices and asymmetric relations between companies and local communities and their territories.
Exfoliation mechanisms of 2D materials and their applications
Authors: Islam Md Akibul , Serles Peter , Kumral Boran , Demingos Pedro Guerra , Qureshi Tanvir , Meiyazhagan AshokKumar , Puthirath Anand B. , Abdullah Mohammad Sayem Bin , Faysal Syed Rafat , Ajayan Pulickel M. , Panesar Daman , Singh Chandra Veer , Filleter Tobin
Published: October 2022

Due to the strong in-plane but weak out-of-plane bonding, it is relatively easy to separate nanosheets of two-dimensional (2D) materials from their respective bulk crystals. This exfoliation of 2D materials can yield large 2D nanosheets, hundreds of micrometers wide, that can be as thin as one or a few atomic layers thick. However, the underlying physical mechanisms unique to each exfoliation technique can produce a wide distribution of defects, yields, functionalization, lateral sizes, and thicknesses, which can be appropriate for specific end applications. The five most commonly used exfoliation techniques include micromechanical cleavage, ultrasonication, shear exfoliation, ball milling, and electrochemical exfoliation. In this review, we present an overview of the field of 2D material exfoliation and the underlying physical mechanisms with emphasis on progress over the last decade. The beneficial characteristics and shortcomings of each exfoliation process are discussed in the context of their functional properties to guide the selection of the best technique for a given application. Furthermore, an analysis of standard applications of exfoliated 2D nanosheets is presented including their use in energy storage, electronics, lubrication, composite, and structural applications. By providing detailed insight into the underlying exfoliation mechanisms along with the advantages and disadvantages of each technique, this review intends to guide the reader toward the appropriate batch-scale exfoliation techniques for a wide variety of industrial applications.
Morphological analyses support recognition of three new threatened species of bracteate–prostrate
Authors: Meudt Heidi M. , Prebble Jessica M.
Published: October 2022

Statistical analyses of two morphological datasets, including 190 newly measured specimens, showed that individuals of Myosotis (Boraginaceae) from Te Waipounamu / South Island, Aotearoa, New Zealand, identified a priori with three different informal tag names, belong to the bracteate–prostrate group, are morphologically distinct from each other and from other species, and merit scientific description. Myosotis hikuwai Meudt, Prebble & G.M.Rogers is known from one location near Wānaka (Otago), has an unusual erect, spring annual habit, and is most similar to M. brevis and M. glauca, with which it is sympatric. Myosotis venticola Meudt & Prebble comprises plants that were sometimes previously identified as M. cheesemanii from certain ranges in Otago and southern Canterbury, but with retrorse trichomes present on the abaxial and adaxial side of the rosette leaves. Myosotis ultramafica Meudt, Prebble & Rance comprises individuals from ultramafic sites in certain ranges in Southland, and is most similar to M. cheesemanii and M. lyallii. We recommend that all three new species are listed as Threatened under the New Zealand Threat Classification System. In addition to descriptions and illustrations, the three new species are also included in a revised key to the nineteen species of southern hemisphere bracteate–prostrate Myosotis.
Scaling infrared detectors—status and outlook
Authors: Rogalski A
Published: October 2022

The predicted ‘Law 19’ benchmark for HgCdTe photodiode performance established in 2019 is a milestone in the development of infrared (IR) detectors and make the dream of Elliott and colleagues, who in 1999 wrote that there is no fundamental obstacle to obtaining room temperature operation of photon detectors at room temperature with background-limited performance even in reduced fields of view (Elliott et al 1999 Appl. Phys. Lett. 74 2881). This circumstance will make it possible to achieve in the near future the room-temperature IR arrays operation with high pixel density (small pixels) fully compatible with the background and diffraction-limited performance resulting from the system optics. The advent of smaller pixels also results in superior spatial and temperature resolutions of imaging systems. In megapixel imaging systems, the pixel dimension plays a crucial role in determining critical system attributes such as system size, weight, and power consumption. In the paper, the physical limitations of pixel size related to the aperture of the optics, which in turn is wavelength dependent, are described. Since the critical parameter of small pixels is quantum efficiency, more attention has been paid to enhancing the coupling of radiation to the detector. Then, the evaluation for assessing the figure-of-merit of different material systems (especially short wavelength IR colloidal quantum dots, both medium and long wavelength IR novel III–V material systems) relative to bulk HgCdTe alloys is considered. Of the various thermal detectors, particular attention has been focussed on bolometer arrays due to their largest share of the global commercial market. Also key challenges in realizing ultimate pixel dimensions in focal plane arrays design are presented for different material systems including dark current, pixel hybridization, pixel delineation, and unit cell readout capacity.
Flavour specific neutrino self-interaction: H
0 tension and IceCube
Authors: Mazumdar Arindam , Mohanty Subhendra , Parashari Priyank
Published: October 2022

Self-interaction in the active neutrinos is studied in the literature to alleviate the
H_0 tension. Similar self-interaction can also explain the observed dips in the flux of the
neutrinos coming from the distant astro-physical sources in IceCube detectors. In contrast to the
flavour universal neutrino interaction considered for solving the H
0 tension, which is ruled
out from particle physics experiments, we consider flavour specific neutrino interactions. We
show that the values of self-interaction coupling constant and mediator mass required for
explaining the IceCube dips are inconsistent with the strong neutrino self-interactions preferred
by the combination of BAO, HST and Planck data. However, the required amount of self-interaction
between tau neutrinos (ντ
) in inverted hierarchy for explaining IceCube dips is consistent
with the moderate self-interaction region of cosmological bounds at 1-σ level. For the case
of other interactions and hierarchies, the IceCube preferred amount of self-interaction is consistent
with moderate self-interaction region of cosmological bounds at 2-σ level only.
Primordial clocks within stochastic gravitational wave anisotropies
Authors: Bodas Arushi , Sundrum Raman
Published: October 2022

A first order phase transition in the early universe can give an observable stochastic gravitational background (SGWB), which will necessarily have primordial anisotropies across the sky. In multi-field inflationary scenarios, these anisotropies may have a significant isocurvature component very different from adiabatic fluctuations, providing an alternate discovery channel for high energy physics at inflationary scales. Here, we consider classically oscillating heavy fields during inflation that can imprint distinctive scale-invariance-breaking features in the power spectrum of primordial anisotropies. While such features are highly constrained in the cosmic microwave background, we show that their amplitude can be observably large in isocurvature SGWB, despite both probing a similar period of inflation. Measuring SGWB multipoles at the required level, ℓ ∼ 𝒪(10-100), will be technologically challenging. However, we expect that early detection of a strong isotropic SGWB, and the guarantee of anisotropies, would spur development of next generation detectors with sufficient sensitivity, angular resolution, and foreground discrimination.
Scalar induced gravitational waves from primordial black hole Poisson fluctuations in f(R) gravity
Authors: Papanikolaou Theodoros , Tzerefos Charalampos , Basilakos Spyros , Saridakis Emmanuel N.
Published: October 2022

The gravitational potential of a gas of initially randomly distributed primordial black
holes (PBH) can induce a stochastic gravitational-wave (GW) background through second-order
gravitational effects. This GW background can be abundantly generated in a cosmic era dominated by
ultralight primordial black holes, with masses m
PBH < 109g. In this work, we
consider f(R) gravity as the underlying gravitational theory and we study its effect at the
level of the gravitational potential of Poisson distributed primordial black holes. After a
general analysis, we focus on the R
2 gravity model. In particular, by requiring that the scalar
induced GWs (SIGWs) are not overproduced, we find an upper bound on the abundance of PBHs at
formation time ΩPBH,f as a function of their mass, namely that
ΩPBH,f < 5.5 × 10-5 (109g/m
PBH)1/4,
which is 45% tighter than the respective upper bound in general relativity. Afterwards, by
considering R
2 gravity as an illustrative case study of an f(R) gravity model, we also set
upper bound constraints on its mass parameter M. These mass parameter constraints, however,
should not be regarded as physical given the fact that the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
constraints on R
2 gravity are quite tight. Finally, we conclude that the portal of SIGWs
associated to PBH Poisson fluctuations can act as a novel complementary probe to constrain
alternative gravity theories.
From Solar System to Exoplanets: What can we learn from Planetary Spectroscopy?
Authors: Encrenaz Therese
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this paper is to address the question: Using our knowledge of infrared planetary spectroscopy, what can we learn about the atmospheres of exoplanets? In a first part, a simplified classification of exoplanets, assuming thermochemical equilibrium, is presented, based on their masses and their equilibrium temperatures, in order to propose some possible estimations about their atmospheric composition. In the second part, infrared spectra of planets are discussed, in order to see what lessons can be drawn for exoplanetary spectroscopy. In the last part, we consider the solar system as it would appear from a star located in the ecliptic plane. It first appears that the solar system (except in a few specific cases) would not be seen as a multiple system, because, contrary to many exoplanetary systems, the planets are too far from the Sun and the inclinations of their orbits with respect to the ecliptic plane are too high. Primary transit synthetic spectra of solar system planets are used to discuss the relative merits of transmission and direct emission spectroscopy for probing exoplanetary atmospheres.
The unusual status of the hectare in the SI
Authors: Brown Richard J C
Published: October 2022

The unit hectare, meaning hectometre squared, has long been used for expressing measurements of land area. This article describes its history within the metric system and how it came to gain its current status as a non-SI unit that is accepted for use with the SI. As a function of this it has become detached from its parent unit, the are, which is no longer accepted for use with the SI. This situation causes ambiguity for the formation of multiples and submultiples of the hectare. This paper discusses this issue, proposes possible solutions, and concludes that the hectare should be added to the list of non-SI units with which SI prefixes may not be used, similarly to the non-SI units of time. A minor update to the SI Brochure would resolve this ambiguity.
Ingestion Dose and Elemental Composition in Coffee by X-Ray Fluorescence and Gamma-Ray Spectrometry
Authors: Guazzelli M. A. , Curado J.F. , Loureiro K.P. , Medina N.H. , Rizzutto M. A.
Published: October 2022

The study proposed in this paper aims to analyze macro and micronutrients in coffee powder samples from Brazil, Venezuela and Colombia, in two different stages of coffee preparation: before and after coffee filtering. In the analyzed samples, presence of K, Rb, Ca, Cl, S, Sr and Fe elements in coffee powder and coffee grounds using Energy Dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) was quantified. The presence of 40K and the radionuclides from the uranium and thorium series decays were verified using gamma-ray spectrometry analyses. With the results obtained using these two techniques, it was possible to estimate the ingestion index for natural radioisotopes. The results show that the annual dose due to coffee ingestion reaches 1.96(4) mSv, depending on the origin of the coffee and considering the annual coffee consumption in Brazil. Elemental Composition analysis of coffee grounds indicates that it can be reused as a product with a high concentration of nutrients.
Banana and its nutrients: the power of the heart
Authors: Palma M S , Curado J F , Rizzutto M , Medina N H , Guazzelli M A
Published: October 2022

Macro and micronutrients are essential minerals for the development of living beings, and this separation is given in quantitative reason, that is, while macronutrients, such as potassium and calcium, are required in larger amounts, micronutrients such as iron and zinc, are required in small quantities. For humans, potassium (K) is an essential macronutrient. In the human body, potassium has the function of regulating osmotic pressure, transmitting nerve impulses and carrying out muscle contraction. Its existence is found in high concentration in bananas. The heart banana plant is a little-known part among the by-products generated by banana cultivation, and is commonly discarded in the soil in order to increase its organic content, due to its high content of minerals such as potassium, calcium and zinc. Thus, this research work aimed to explore the nutritional potential of unconventional parts of banana for human consumption, through Energy Dispersion X-Ray Fluorescence technique, with which it is possible to identify and quantify the main constituent elements. The species were studied Musa Acuminata ‘Dwarf/Cavendish’, Musa Acuminata x M. Balbisiana ‘Apple/Manzano’, Musa Ornata ‘Ornamental’ and Musa Acuminata ‘Fig’. The quantity of potassium and of other elements such as Ca, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Rb in the banana heart samples were studied superior to the findings in the literature.
Repulsive character induced by optimized perturbation techniques on the Polyakov-loop-extended Nambu—Jona-Lasinio model.
Authors: Ferrari Gabriel N.
Published: October 2022

The determination of the critical point on the QCD phase diagram depends experimentally on thermodynamic quantities related to the cumulants of the pressure. These quantities appear as coefficients in the Taylor expansion of the pressure and, specifically for the second order cumulant c
2, QCD results on the lattice (LQCD) show that it raises with the temperature towards the Stefan-Boltzmann limit. On the other hand, when one evaluates c
2 within quark effective models considering a repulsion on the vector channel parametrized by GV
, this observable reaches a maximum just after Tc
, deviating itself from LQCD predictions. Here we apply the Optimized Perturbation Theory (OPT) method to the two flavor Polyakov–Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model (at GV
= 0) to confront our results with those furnished by LQCD simulations. We show that c
2 behaves satisfactorily at low-T and close to Tc
, but, with GV
≠ 0, it develops a maximum at high-T. Our conclusions indicate that it would be possible that the correct high temperature behavior of c
2 beyond LN limit could be properly achieved by effective quark models if they also mimic the so-called asymptotic freedom phenomenon.
Explaining mass and spin in the visible matter: the next challenge
Authors: Salmè Giovanni
Published: October 2022

Understanding in depth …the origin of the nucleon mass, the nucleon spin, and the emergent properties of a dense gluon system… (Electron-ion collider Yellow Report, arXiv:2103.05419v) represents the frontier of modern hadron physics, both on the experimental and theoretical side. In this contribution, after briefly outlining the above challenges in view of the various experimental facilities planned in the near future, some insights into the non-perturbative regime of QCD will be provided. In particular, the most recent achievements in the description of the pion, playing a fundamental role in the hadron dynamics, will be illustrated within a genuinely relativistic quantum-field theoretical framework, based on actual solutions of the homogeneous Bethe-Salpeter equation.
Insights into the equation of state of neutron-rich matter since GW170817
Authors: Piekarewicz Jorge
Published: October 2022

The historical detection of gravitational waves emitted from the collision of two neutron stars (GW170817) has opened the new era of multi-messenger astronomy. Since then, many other significant discoveries—both on heaven and earth—are providing new clues into the behavior of neutron-rich matter. It is the goal of this article to illustrate how the remarkable progress made during the last few years is spearheading the field into the golden age of neutron-star physics [?].
Proto-Neutron Star Matter
Authors: Alp A , Farrell D , Weber F , Malfatti G , Orsaria M G , Ranea-Sandoval I F
Published: October 2022

In this paper, we explore the properties of proto-neutron star matter. The relativistic finite-temperature Green function formalism is used to derive the equations which determine the properties of such matter. The calculations are performed for the relativistic non-linear mean-filed theory, where different combinations of lepton number and entropy have been investigated. All particles of the baryon octet as well as all electrically charged states of the Δ isobar have been included in the calculations. The presence of all these particles is shown to be extremely temperature (entropy) dependent, which should have important consequences for the evolution of proto-neutron stars to neutron stars as well as the behavior of neutron stars in compact star mergers.
The nature of the quark-hadron phase transition in hybrid stars and the mass-radius diagram
Authors: Albino M. B. , Navarra F. S. , Fariello R. , Lugones G.
Published: October 2022

In this work, we use a hybrid equation of state that allows us to choose the smoothness of the quark-hadron phase transition, by choosing the value of a continuous parameter μc
. To describe the hadron phase, we use an equation of state (EoS) based on a chiral effective field theory (cEFT), and for the quark phase we use the equation of state of the MFTQCD (Mean Field Theory of QCD). We solve simultaneously the TOV equations and the tidal deformability equations and contruct the mass-radius and deformability-mass diagrams for several values of the parameter μc
. We find that the curves in these two diagrams are almost insensitive to the smoothness of the phase transition.
How to measure the magnetic field in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
Authors: Danhoni I. , Navarra F. S.
Published: October 2022

The intense magnetic field created in heavy-ion collisions has often been calculated with classical electrodynamics. This description is thought to be accurate if the occupation number of every field mode is high enough. However, this hypothesis has never been tested. Recently, we have studied a process involving the magnetic field, which we believe to be the simplest: pion production in ultraperipheral collisions. We have started using the classical approximation to study the forward pion production by the magnetic excitation of nucleons through the process N → Δ → N + π. Then, in a subsequent work, we have replaced this classical field by a flux of photons and have calculated the cross section for photoproduction of pions, which is the quantum version of magnetic excitation. We compared the cross sections obtained with both formalisms, which turned out to be compatible with each other. In this note, we review those works, enlarge the discussion and suggest some improvements that can be done to make our results more accurate. We emphasize that these pions could be detected by the ZDC’s installed at ATLAS and ALICE. Since the theoretical uncertainties are under control, this detection could be used to perform an indirect measurement of the magnetic field intensity.
Nonrelativistic and relativistic simple wave problems solved with Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics
Authors: Caetano J V O , Nowacki L S , Franção V S , Hirayama Renan , Pala K P , Sola J O , Grassi F
Published: October 2022

To simulate the expansion of the matter created in relativistic nuclear collisions, codes in 3+1 dimensions are used and we are developing a new one. To benchmark such codes, the Sod’s shock tube is often used. A closely related problem is the one-dimensional expansion of a gas into vacuum. In this paper, we study this problem classically and relativistically with the Smoothed Particle Method and test various techniques to improve the precision and speed of the solution.
Internal Heating in Magnetars: Role of Electron Captures
Authors: Chamel Nicolas , Fantina Anthea Francesca , Suleiman Lami , Zdunik Julian-Leszek , Haensel Pawel
Published: October 2022

The role of electron captures by nuclei in the shallow heating of magnetars is further investigated using both nuclear measurements and the theoretical atomic mass table HFB-27. Starting from the composition of the outer crust in full equilibrium, we have calculated the onset of electron captures and the heat released due to the slow decay of the magnetic field. Numerical results are found to be similar to those previously obtained with the HFB-24 atomic mass model and are consistent with neutron-star cooling data.
Weak process for Iron isotopes chain used as seed for heavy elements nucleosynthesis
Authors: dos Santos M. , Duarte S.B. , Samana A.R.
Published: October 2022

The weak processes are a key to understand the nucleosynthesis of heavy elements in the universe. In this work we have studied weak processes such as β-decay and neutrino capture that are very important for the r-process. This process takes place in a region between neutron drip and β-stability line. For nuclei far from β-stability line the experimental data are very scarce. To study the nucleosynthesis of heavy elements in astrophysics sites like Binary Neutron Star merger (BNS) and Supernova explosions, we have employed the Gross Theory of Beta Decay (GTBD) to evaluate the neutrino-nucleus cross sections and β-decay half-lives. Our 56Fe(νe
, e
−)56Co cross section show a excelent agreement with microscopic models and the half-lives well reproduce the experimental data with a satisfactory accuracy. We have fitted the neutrino-nucleus cross sections obtained by GTBD using a four degree polynomial dependence of the incident neutrino energy. This dependence allows us to systematically calculate the neutrino-nucleus cross sections for a large amount of nuclei, as occurs in the r-process nucleosynthesis calculation (more than 4000 nuclei). Our fitting and interpolation procedures are shown to be in a good agreement and the GTBD cross sections are successfully reproduced.
The role of the transfer of nucleons in driving double charge exchange reactions
Authors: Lubian J. , Ferreira J. L. , Linares R. , Cappuzzello F. , Cavallaro M. , Carbone D.
Published: October 2022

Transfer is an excellent tool to get insights into the short-range correlations on nucleons in a nuclear state. Within the context of direct reactions, the double charge exchange reactions have recently gained attention once their matrix elements might be associated with the double-beta decay rates. This class of reaction can occur from two completely distinctive mechanisms. They can take place by nucleons exchange or driven by mesons exchange between the projectile and target nuclei. Once the double charge exchange driven by multi-nucleon or mesons exchanges can compete with each other, it is crucial to analyze the contribution of the multi-nucleon transfer in this type of reaction to verify its relevance on the measured cross sections.
A focus on selected perspectives of the NUMEN project
Authors: Cavallaro M. , Agodi C. , Bellone J.I. , Brasolin S. , Brischetto G.A. , Bussa M.P. , Calabrese S. , Calvo D. , Campajola L. , Capirossi V. , Cappuzzello F. , Carbone D. , Ciraldo I. , Colonna M. , De Benedictis C. , De Gregorio G. , Delaunay F. , Dumitrache F. , Ferraresi C. , Finocchiaro P. , Fisichella M. , Gallian S. , Gambacurta D. , Gandolfo E.M. , Gargano A. , Giovannini M. , Iazzi F. , Lanzalone G. , Lavagno A. , Mereu P. , Neri L. , Pandola L. , Panero R. , Persiani R. , Pinna F. , Russo A.D. , Russo G. , Santopinto E. , Sartirana D. , Sgouros O. , Sharma V.R. , Soukeras V. , Spatafora A. , Torresi D. , Tudisco S. , Avanzi L.H. , Cardozo E.N. , Chinaglia E.F. , Costa K.M. , Ferreira J.L. , Linares R. , Lubian J. , Masunaga S. H. , Medina N.H. , Moralles M. , Oliveira J.R.B. , Santarelli T.M. , Santos R.B.B. , Guazzelli M.A. , Zagatto V.A.B. , Koulouris S. , Pakou A. , Souliotis G. , Acosta L. , Amador-Valenzuela P. , Bijker R. , Chávez Lomelí E.R. , Garcia-Tecocoatzi H. , Huerta Hernandez A. , Marín-Lámbarri D.J. , Vargas Hernandez H. , Villagrán R. G. , Boztosun I. , Dapo H. , Eke C. , Firat S. , Hacisalihoglu A. , Kucuk Y. , Solakcı S.O. , Yildirim A. , Auerbach N. , Burrello S. , Lenske H. , Isaak J. , Pietralla N. , Werner V. , Lay J.A. , Petrascu H. , Ferretti J. , Kotila J. , Donaldson L. M. , Khumalo T. , Neveling R. , Pellegri L.
Published: October 2022

The use of double charge exchange reactions is discussed in view of their application to extract information that may be helpful to determinate the nuclear matrix elements entering in the expression of neutrinoless double beta decay half-life. The strategy adopted in the experimental campaigns performed at INFN - Laboratori Nazionali del Sud and in the analysis methods within the NUMEN project is briefly described, emphasizing the advantages of the multi-channel approach to nuclear reaction data analysis. An overview on the research and development activities on the MAGNEX magnetic spectrometer is also given, with a focus on the chosen technological solutions for the focal plane detector which will guarantee the performances at high-rate conditions.
Two-neutron transfer as a tool to study pairing correlations in nuclei
Authors: Barioni A. , Kaur G. , Alcantara-Nunez J. , Assunção M. , Guimaraes V. , Lara A.L. , Lepine-Szily A. , Lichtenthäler R. , Linares R. , Mendes D.R. , Pires K.C.C. , Santos O.C.B. , Serra A.S. , Shorto J.M.B. , Umbelino U. , Zagatto V.A.B. , Zevallos E.O.N. , Zamora J.C.
Published: October 2022

A feasibility study of two-neutron transfer reactions, using 12C and 19F targets, was performed. In this experiment, a 6He beam at 20 MeV incident energy was delivered by the RIBRAS facility. The main goal of this work was to test the RIBRAS system, operated in a single-solenoid mode, to investigate (6He,α) reactions in light nuclei. The excitation function of the 14C nucleus, populated by the 12C(6He,α) reaction, was extracted from the data. Evidence of nn-transfer reactions populating the ground state and the first

0
1
+

state in 14C were observed. However, the present spectrum might have contribution from other reaction channels such as the 6He breakup. Future experiments with the RIBRAS dual-solenoid mode will improve the quality of the data by reducing a significant amount of background.
Neutron-Induced Radiation Effects in UMOS Transistor
Authors: Alberton S G , Bôas A C V , Medina N H , Guazzelli M A , Aguiar V A P , Added N , Federico C A , Gonçalez O L , Cavalcante T C , Pereira Junior E C F , Vaz R G
Published: October 2022

Ground level electronics and avionics systems may suffer from radiation effects induced by neutrons. Neutrons can induce radiation effects in electronic devices via fusion-evaporation nuclear reactions, but few studies have been reported for technologies such as UMOSFET. In this work, estimates and experimental studies on neutron-induced radiation effects via nuclear reactions in a Si-based UMOSFET are presented. Methods for probability estimates of neutron-induced Single-Event Effects (SEEs) in Si-based power transistors and neutron beam energy measurement is presented. The energy spectrum of a UMOSFET subject to fast neutron irradiation was then compared to that of a high charge collection efficiency silicon particle detector.
Comparing different methods of position reconstruction considering 1D readout of GEM detectors
Authors: Abelha Thais S. , Souza Geovane G. A. de , Bregant Marco
Published: October 2022

Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) based detectors contain microstructures that provide amplification, via avalanche multiplication, for the charges generated due to ionizing radiation. The readout of the detector is responsible for collecting electrons multiplied by the GEM structure and it may be position sensitive. In this preliminary study, we created algorithms to compare the error of three different methods for position reconstruction. All these methods are based on weighted averages. In the algorithm we modeled an electron cloud as a normalized Gaussian function that is collected by a 1D readout of strips affected by white noise, then we made a clustering algorithm to identify the strips that collected the electron cloud. The method that uses the weight equal to squared charges shows the highest errors for narrow clouds, when the σ value (standard deviation of a Gaussian function) is closer to the strip width. Nonetheless, the errors of the three methods get similar results for a σ approximately equal to the width of one and a half strips.
Response testing of Schottky-barrier GaAs detectors with alpha particles
Authors: Pereira M.S. , Aguiar V.A.P. , Alberton S.G. , Quivy A.A.
Published: October 2022

The development of new radiation detectors for harsh environments relies on the study of different materials and processes. In this work Gallium arsenide Schottky-barrier detectors were produced by thin film deposition on 500 μm thick GaAs wafers. Several tests of enclosure were made, and best results were obtained using commercial SSB detector fixture. Testing with NIM electronics and 241
Am alpha-particle source were made to obtain the characteristics of produced detectors. Simulations have shown that GaAs devices are resistant to ion radiation, however signal-to-noise ratio must be improved.
Determining the sensitivity curve of Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence and PIXE systems
Authors: Sousa Vitória D , Ramirez-Perez Javier Christian , Pereira Hugo D C , Rodrigues Cleber L , Santos Hellen C , Rizzutto Márcia A
Published: October 2022

The study of thin and thick materials every time is a challenge in X-ray analysis. The calculation of the sensitivity curve of Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (ED-XRF) and Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) systems allows for better quantitative analysis and also allows the determination of the concentration of a chemical element in a given thin sample from its intensity. The sensitivity curve can be found through the analysis of elemental standards, samples with well-defined superficial densities (μg/cm
2) that allow the calculation of the sensitivity of the system to the elements present in the standards. From these standard values, it is possible to fit a curve and find the sensitivity equation as a function of the atomic number. After that, the sensitivity curve which will be used to determine the elemental composition can help to calculate the concentration of any of the chemical elements of the periodic table present in a sample. Also, PIXE and ED-XRF are known to have a different sensibility and limits of detection (LOD) to determine elemental concentrations. In this article, the sensitivities of a portable ED-XRF and a PIXE system were calculated and compared. Altogether, the results showed that, for the experimental setups used, ED-XRF has better sensitivity associated with the chemical elements of intermediate atomic numbers, while PIXE’s functions describe better the sensitivities to the lighter and heavier chemical elements of the periodic table.
Development of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to disseminate nuclear physics in Brazil
Authors: Foltran M H , Teixeira E A , Carlson B V
Published: October 2022

The wide range of practical applications regarding Nuclear Physics makes it a field with extreme relevance for research, industry, and scientific advances worldwide. However, despite its importance, there is no considerable dissemination of this topic in Brazil. In this project, we developed different Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to disseminate nuclear physics-related opportunities, events, scholarships, and other types of relevant content that may be of interest to the academic and non-academic public. Under the name Física Nuclear Brasil, a website portal was developed and social media profiles were created to value, strengthen and recognize the importance of such a relevant scientific field in Brazil. In addition, several contents were created to share institutions and opportunities, such as scholarships and jobs related to nuclear physics, as well as articles (scientific and non-scientific ones) related to the field. As a result, the portal is intended to act as a community source with updated and reliable nuclear physics and physics content. We expect that all content published under this project would help in the dissemination of nuclear physics in Brazil as a path to remedy the lack of reliable sources for this significant scientific area.
Design balance autonomous quadcopter for aerial photography with kalman
Authors: Lu C Y , Huang Y K , Su M S , Shih C L , Wu H F , Liao C W
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this research is to develop a cheap, accurate and autonomous quadcopter. This quadcopter contains microcontroller, gyroscope, accelerometer, barometer, electronic governor and brushless motor. At present, the noise removal filter of the quadcopter sold on the market is a complementary filter, and its disadvantage is that it will produce distortion when the attitude changes at a large angle. Therefore, in order to improve the shortcomings of the complementary filter in the quadcopter, we use the Kalman filter to replace complementary filters to achieve goal. At the same time, through the bluetooth remote connection, the flight situation can be immediately known, and the remote unmanned and stable flight of the quadcopter aerial camera can be achieved, so that the disaster areas or places that are difficult for exploration personnel to quickly obtain stable and clear images for convenient arrangement of rescue operations.
Numerical simulation of two droplets impacting on the wall continuously
Authors: Liu C C
Published: October 2022

The application of spray system has been widely used in the industry. The impact of droplets between the wall impact has become one of the important studies of spray system. The investigation is to develop a numerical code for the simulation of two water droplets impinging continuously upon the wall. In the code, the structured single-block and staggered grid system are adopted for discretization of the space domain, while the finite volume method is applied to solve iteratively the governing equations of mass and momentum. The interconnection between the velocities and pressure is dealt by SIMPLER methods. In order to capture the boundary of the deformation of droplets, a level set function method is considered due to the advantage of handling the incorporation and breakup of the boundary easily. In the paper, the numerical verification of a water droplet impinged upon the wall are very accurate with the experimental values. Subsequently, a forward droplet with different Reynolds number of 100, 200, 400 and a backward droplet with the fixed Reynolds number of 200 vertically impact the wall continuously. According to the calculation results a forward droplet with smaller the Reynolds number shows the larger the maximum spread distance after merging. In impact process of different angles, the merged droplet moves along the wall, and produces also oscillates back and forth asymmetrically. As for the maximum horizontal spread distance of the merged droplet, the impact angle of 30 degrees is the smallest, and the impact angle of 60 degrees is the largest.
Design and performance analysis of a high-efficiency Y3 induction motor
Authors: Ntawiheba J d’Amour , Qiao L , De Dieu Niyonteze J
Published: October 2022

Induction motors have been applied in industrial domain, agriculture, transportation, national defence industry and other industries because of their advantages of simple structure, small inertia, low cost and long time working at high speed and high temperature. In this paper, particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) is applied to the optimal design of Y3 series asynchronous motors to achieve the highest efficiency. Secondly, the RMxprt module of Ansoft was used to design a Y3 high-efficiency induction motor with a certain power level using particle swarm optimization (PSO). Maxwell module was used to carry out finite element analysis to calculate the magnetic density and flux distribution of stator and rotor. The simulation results of stator current, flux, induction voltage and transient torque show that the performance indexes of Y3 induction motor designed in this paper meet the design requirements which verify the rationality of the design.
Research on optimization of cutting force in AISI D2 hardened steel ultrasonic vibration-assisted turning
Authors: Huang W T , Wu Z X
Published: October 2022

This study utilized the self-developed ultrasonic vibration-assisted turning system to conduct turning experiments on AISI D2 hardened steel. The investigation is carried out by the Robust Design method via controlling different ultrasonic vibration-assisted turning factors and levels, including feed rate, spindle speed, depth of cut, and the magnitude of amplitude of the ultrasonic vibration tool tip. This study is carried out with optimal cutting force by the Robust Design goals. The optimal combination is A1 (0.5 mm depth of cut) B1 (0.08 mm/rev feed rate) C3 (20 μm amplitude) D2 (885 rpm spindle speed). The cutting force is 119.85 N which hugely decreased 28.6% by comparing with the lowest group. Through analysis of variance, the depth of cut and feed rate play a dominant role in cutting force. These two factors are used for obtaining the difference of cutting force and tool wear by comparing the two factors at different levels. The experimental results show that the optimal depth of cut and feed rate can be reduced by 15.8% and 28.4% in cutting force, and 72% and 81% in tool wear compared with other levels. When turning AISI D2 hardened steel, ultrasonic vibration-assisted turning systems can greatly improve the turning efficiency.
Preforming strategies in correcting the spring-back from the U-shape bending
Authors: Lin H S , Lin H W
Published: October 2022

Bending accuracy is difficult to predict in multiple profile-rolling because of the complexity in the distribution of the residual stress. The adjustment of the individual rolls is usually time-consuming. Therefore, coining and embossing processes can be implemented as the preforming measures to correct the spring-back or spring-forward defect. In this work, U-shape bending preformed with coining and embossing was investigated for the validity of the correction of the bending accuracy. Both hot-dip galvanized steel SGC 340 and aluminium alloy AA 6016 plates, with a thickness of 1 mm, were tested. Preforming with coining or embossing was conducted on the inner or the outer corner of the plates. Both the FE simulation and experiment were carried out. The result shows that preforming with coining on the inner or outer corners can increase the amount of spring-back. Preforming with embossing on the inner corner can also increase the amount of spring-back. However, the amount of spring-back reduces or even spring-forward occurs in preforming with embossing on the outer corner. Attributed to the distribution of residual stress is discrete after U-shape bending, a steady trend of the correction for spring-back was not observed.
Optimization of milling parameters based on five-axis machining for centrifugal impeller with titanium alloy
Authors: Chen T H , Lee J N , Tsai M H , Shie M J , Lin C Y
Published: October 2022

The centrifugal impeller is the core component of a turbojet engine. Due to its complex geometry, it is difficult to generate machining paths. Moreover, a lot of material is removed between the blades during the manufacturing process. This study investigates the optimization parameters of a titanium alloy centrifugal impeller for five-axis milling. Rough grooving toolpaths are obtained using Siemens NX software, and the NC program is obtained after post-processing conversion. VERICUT can perform cutting simulations to determine whether there is an interference or collision. During the initial cutting parameter experiment, a sensory tool holder is used to measure the tool bending moment during milling. After milling, a 3D digital microscope is used to observe the flank and face of the cutter to analyze the cutting bending moment and tool wear. Finally, the optimal cutting parameters are determined through a full-factor experiment, and the tool life parameters are verified. According to the cutting parameter experiment, the cutting depth is 1 mm, the cutting speed and feed rate is the same, and the maximum bending moment increases proportionally with depth. In addition, a tool life experiment is performed using the optimal cutting parameters: cutting speed of 50 m/min, feed rate of 250 mm/min, and cutting depth of 2 mm. The maximum cutting moment is below the wear limit of 27 Nm. The tool could cut seven grooves, and the machining time is 41 min 46 s.
Intelligent music accompaniment system based on discrete wavelet transform
Authors: Zhang Y T , Cheng Y L , Wu H X , Liao Y P
Published: October 2022

Instrument players usually play music with an unstable tempo. However, most of the robotic accompaniment systems are designed with a fixed beat. They can’t adjust their tempo to players’ tempo automatically. Therefore, we propose an adaptive accompaniment system for a soloist that can follow the tempo of a guitar player. The system includes a sound signal receiving element, an audio processing module, a robotic drumming system, and an information display device. The guitar signal is processed with the discrete wavelet transform, audio feature extraction, and peak detection to estimate the tempo of a piece of music, also known as the Beats Per Minute (BPM). In this research, the Daubechies Wavelet (db) is used for signal extraction and reconstruction. The experimental results validate wavelet five (db5) was the effective signal processing method. At the same time, the pedals are also designed to allow the guitarist to change the combination of bass drum and snare drum according to the performance needs. In the research, the guitar signal can be efficiently processed by Discrete Wavelet Transform and then control the drum to follow the guitarist’s tempo.
Study on the application of a granite composite material in five-axis CNC-VMC machine Tool
Authors: Chuang H C , Chen C R
Published: October 2022

A five-axis CNC-VMC machine tool generally has a high-speed spindle spinning at a maximum rotation of 50,000 rpm, under which the machine tool bed will violently vibrate that leads to poor machining precision and surface quality of workpiece. The gray cast iron, as the typical material of a machine tool, exhibits poor dynamic suppression of vibration that its processing yield and quality can no longer satisfy the product demand of current market. Consequently, in this study, we proposed granite composite material (GCM) in place of gray cast iron for the structure of machine tool, which would be mixed with main ingredients of high-strength epoxy resin and cemented carbon fibers and fillers to maximize the structural properties of the machine tool. The sample of granite composite material would first be tested for its mechanical properties. The results showed that the GCM cast with only 1/3 density of gray cast iron could withstand a maximum compressive stress of 125.8 MPa. With this granite composite material used in a digitally controlled machine tool bed, the maximum stress and the maximum strain exerted on the machine tool were reduced by 68.93% and 72.6%, respectively, when compared with the cast iron, while the 1st to the 6th-order natural frequencies of the machine tool of mineral composite was significantly increased by 20% to 30%, giving it more resistance to vibration than the gray cast iron. The stability and precision of the machine tool were shown to have been drastically improved by using the granite composite material.