bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between inflammation-based prognostic markers and mortality of non-cardiac surgery
Authors: Oh Ah Ran , Park Jungchan , Lee Jong-Hwan , Yang Kwangmo , Ahn Joonghyun , Lee Seung-Hwa , Lee Sangmin Maria
Published: February 2023

Background: To evaluate the association between inflammation and nutrition-based biomarkers and postoperative outcomes after non-cardiac surgery.Methods: Between January 2011 and June 2019, a total of 102,052 patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery were evaluated, with C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, and complete blood count (CBC) measured within six months before surgery. We assessed their CRP-to-albumin ratio (CAR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS). We determined the best cut-off values by using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Patients were divided into high and low groups according to the estimated threshold, and we compared the one-year mortality.Results: The one-year mortality of the entire sample was 4.2%. ROC analysis revealed areas under the curve of 0.796, 0.743, 0.670, and 0.708 for CAR, NLR, PLR, and mGPS, respectively. According to the estimated threshold, high CAR, NLR, PLR, and mGPS were associated with increased one-year mortality (1.7% vs. 11.7%, hazard ratio [HR]: 2.38, 95% CI [2.05, 2.76], P < 0.001 for CAR; 2.2% vs. 10.3%, HR: 1.81, 95% CI [1.62, 2.03], P < 0.001 for NLR; 2.6% vs. 10.5%, HR: 1.86, 95% CI [1.73, 2.01], P < 0.001 for PLR; and 2.3% vs. 16.3%, HR: 2.37, 95% CI [2.07, 2.72], P < 0.001 for mGPS).Conclusions: Preoperative CAR, NRL, PLR, and mGPS were associated with postoperative mortality. Our findings may be helpful in predicting mortality after non-cardiac surgery.
Antimicrobial activities of Acacia genus
Authors: Adhikari Deeksha , Rangra Naresh Kumar
Published: February 2023

More than 1300 species of the vast genus Acacia are found in tropical habitats. They are crucial economic plants since they produce traditional medicines, timber, and gum. The pharmacological uses of the Acacia genus include anti-diarrheal, anti-malarial, chronic pain relief, wound healing, anti-cancer, anti-rheumatism, and anti-diabetes activities. It is also used for treating various illnesses such as gastroenteritis, allergies, Alzheimer's disease, cough, and cardiovascular disease. The present review aims to summarize the antimicrobial activities including the antibacterial and antifungal activity of the Acacia genus. The literature was searched in books and online databases including SciFinder, Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, and scientific journals using the most relevant keywords: Acacia+antimicrobial, Acacia+antibacterial, and Acacia+antifungal.
Combinatorial effect of diclofenac with piperine and D-limonene on inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of breast cancer cells
Authors: Sankar Srivarshini , Muthukaliannan Gothandam Kodiveri
Published: February 2023

Objective:

To investigate the potential synergistic activity of diclofenac with piperine and D-limonene in inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in breast cancer MCF-7 cells.

Methods:

Molecular docking study was conducted to evaluate the binding affinity of diclofenac with piperine and D-limonene against p53, Bax, and Bcl-2. The MTT assay was used to determine IC50, and the Chou-Talay method was used to determine the synergistic concentration of the combination treatment of diclofenac plus piperine and diclofenac plus D-limonene. Apoptosis detection, cell cycle arrest, reactive oxygen species production, and mitochondrial membrane potential were also investigated.

Results:

Diclofenac, piperine, and D-limonene showed potent binding affinity for p53, Bax, and Bcl-2. Diclofenac plus piperine and diclofenac plus D-limonene enhanced the formation of reactive oxygen species, which also had an effect on the mitochondrial membrane's integrity and caused DNA fragmentation. Diclofenac plus piperine and diclofenac plus D-limonene arrested the cells in the sub-G0 phase while drastically lowering the percentage of cells in the G2/M phase. Furthermore, the elevated apoptosis in the combined therapy was confirmed by annexin V/propidium iodide staining.

Conclusions:

The combined therapy prominently enhanced the anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects on MCF-7 cells compared with treatment with diclofenac, piperine, and D-limonene alone.
Parathyroid Hormone Predicts Radial Bone Loss in Healthy Nigerian Adults
Authors: Ale Ayotunde Oladunni , Oguntona Akintayo S. , Adeleye Olufunke O. , Adeleye Olufunmilayo O. , Afe Taiwo O. , Adeyemo Olusola L.
Published: February 2023

Objective:

The correlation between bone mineral density (BMD) and bone markers is well studied in postmenopausal women and elderly men. However, related literature on healthy adults is scarce. This study determined the correlation between parathyroid hormone (PTH), BMD of the left distal radius, and other biochemical markers in apparently healthy Nigerian adults.

Methods:

This research included 80 (28 males/52 females) healthy participants between 22 and 50 years of age (32.10 ± 5.8 years) who met the inclusion criteria. All the participants were recruited by a systematic random sampling. Interview questionnaires were used to supplement clinical data and anthropometric measures. Fasting samples were analyzed for calcium, inorganic phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D), PTH, osteocalcin (OC), alkaline phosphatase, and 24-h calcium excretion. The left distal radius BMD was examined using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The data were statistically analyzed, and the significance level was set at <0.05.

Results:

It was found that PTH was inversely correlated with left distal radius BMD/z-score (P = 0.004). It showed positive and negative trends with serum-adjusted calcium and inorganic phosphorus (P = 0.09 and P = 0.07, respectively). Neither the OC nor 24-h calcium excretion correlated with PTH (P > 0.05). The OC was inversely correlated with BMD (P = 0.003), but not with 24-h urinary calcium excretion (P > 0.05). None of the participants had osteoporosis. Regression analysis showed that PTH and OC predict radial bone density in participants (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Higher PTH levels correlate with lower left distal radius BMD in apparently healthy participants.
A Case of Phaeochromocytoma with Normal Metanephrine but High Plasma Aldosterone
Authors: Najifa Wafia , Ansari M. A. Jalil , Prasad Indrajit , Saifuddin Mohammad , Islam Moinul , Sharifuzzaman Mirza , Alam Mohammad Jahangir , Afrooz Farhana , Mustafa Sadia Jabeen , Fahad A. K. M
Published: February 2023

Pheochromocytoma is one of the causes of endocrine hypertension leading to stroke in young patients. The tumor secretes not only catecholamines but also other hormones in rare occasions. Besides, symptomatic tumors may come with normal catecholamine metabolite levels. Here is a case of a 28-year-old male featuring these exceptions who was managed at Dhaka Medical College Hospital.
A clinical case report on intraventricular metastatic from a lung primary
Authors: Sarma Arnabjyoti Deva , Devi Moitrayee , Sharma Jibon
Published: February 2023

Intraventricular metastasis is very often carries a poor outcome. Here may be the case of a 55-year-old farmer presented to us with headache, vomiting and gradual deterioration in vision. Imaging studies revealed a heterogeneously enhancing lesion within the ventricle. Intraoperatively, highly vascular intraventricular lesion arising from Plexus Choroideus was found. Histopathology revealed metastatic lesion from epithelial metastasis. High-resolution computed tomography of the lung revealed a little lesion within the left apex of the lung. The patient recovered well and was referred for radiotherapy.
Knowledge of health-care professionals on tobacco cessation and its related activities
Authors: Kataria Neetu , Gupta Sandhya
Published: February 2023

Background:

The tobacco epidemic is one of the biggest public health threats the world has ever faced. There are more than 4000 chemicals in tobacco smoke, of which at least 300 are known to be harmful. A 2015 survey in Italy revealed that 58% of cardiologists correctly indicated smoking as an addiction and 45% regularly advised their patients to stop smoking.

Aims:

The aim is to assess the knowledge of health care professionals (HCPs) related to tobacco cessation and its related activities.

Materials and Methods:

A descriptive, cross-sectional, pilot survey on HCPs-30 doctors and 30 nurses was chosen by convenient sampling at a selected tertiary care hospital in New Delhi. Tool: A semi-structured questionnaire contains items to assess knowledge of HCPs regarding tobacco cessation and its activities.

Results:

96.3% of doctors and 76% of nurses were 'asked' their patients about their history of tobacco use, respectively. 86.7% of doctors and 70.1% of nurses 'advice' patients to stop tobacco use. 63.3% of doctors and 54.1% of nurses were interested in participating in tobacco cessation training.

Conclusion:

Most of the HCPs had given brief interventions by 5 'A's method. More tobacco cessation training would be suggested by health-care workers.
Molecular Technology for the Detection of Pyoviridine Gene in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Burn Cases
Authors: AL-Jesmany Eman Nassir Hussan , Abbas Oruba Khalid , Hasan AlSaadi Basima QASIM
Published: February 2023

Objectives:

Using molecular technology for the purpose of confirmation of the diagnosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa which depends on the detection of proteins like Pyoverdine gene of P. aeruginosa as diagnostic test.

Materials and Methods:

This work was done on 110 patients who had sustained burn injury from hospitals Baghdad, Al-Yarmouk and the Medical City Teaching Hospital during the period from October 2020 to the end of March 2021. The collected samples were cultured on different media (blood agar, MacConkey agar, nutrient agar, and Cetrimide agar) for isolation of P. aeruginosa bacteria as well as automated biochemical tests such as Api20E and VITEK 2 systems. The results showed that 76 (69%) samples had bacterial growth of P. aeruginosa. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was evaluated using the VITEK 2 compact. The Pseudomonas was detected using species-specific gene 16SrRNA gene using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and also detected by (PCR) using newly designed primers with a molecular size (389 bp) for pyoviridine gene.

Results:

This work showed that the predominant growth of burn wound infections was P. aeruginosa 76 samples (69%). Antibiotic susceptibility testing results showed the same sensitivity pattern of P. aeruginosa isolates to ceftriaxone and cephalothin (67.1%), gentamicin, piperacillin, ceftazidime, cefepime, and cefotaxime (65.7%). Resistance to imipenem, tobramycin, ticarcillin, and meropenem were (57.8%), (51.3%), (56.5%) and (55.2%) respectively, and had the highest sensitivity to amikacin (34.2%). Moreover, the highest resistance was to ciprofloxacin (69.7), and norfloxacin (71%). The results of using the 16SrRNA gene for the detection Pseudomonas give positive results (100%). Pseudomonas spp was detected by (PCR) for pyoviridine gene, revealed that 50% isolates give positive results. PCR product pyoviridine of the isolates (3) with the highest resistance to fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin) was sent to nitrogen-based sequencing, and the sequencing results revealed the mutation presence.

Conclusion:

This study shows the current resistant pattern of P. aeruginosa against different classes of antibiotics and the involvement of several virulence genes in resistance mechanisms by using PCR which ultimately helps to select appropriate antibiotics useful for the treatment of many burned complicated by P. aeruginosa.
Hepatoprotective Effects of Alpha-Lipoic Acid, Vitamin C Alone, or in Combination On Methotrexate-Induced Liver Injury
Authors: Hasan Raghad Raheem Abd , Algareeb Ali Ismail
Published: February 2023

Background:

Different mechanisms have been attributed to methotrexate (MTX)-induced liver injury, one of which is related to MTX generation of free radicals and inducing the disturbance of oxidative stress biomarker. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is a strong antioxidant dietary supplement and has an anti-inflammatory effect. Vitamin C is an antioxidant and might produce an anti-inflammatory action through its antioxidant effect.

The Aim of the Current Study:

To evaluate the effect of ALA and Vitamin C single or concurrent use of them on MTX-induced liver injury.

Materials and Methods:

Thirty-five adult male albino mice were divided into five groups: Group 1 were administered distilled water and sodium bicarbonate orally by oral gavage for 10 days and injected normal saline intraperitoneally (ip) in the 10th day, Group 2 were injected MTX ip on the 10th day only, Group 3 were administered 100 mg/kg Vitamin C orally for 10 days and injected MTX ip on the 10th day, Group 4 were administered ALA 60 mg/kg orally for 10 days and injected MTX ip on the 10th day, Group 5 were administered both ALA and Vitamin C orally and injected MTX ip on the 10th day. After 2 days of the last treatment, the animal was anesthesized and the blood was withdrawn to be used for biochemical assessment of liver functions and liver tissue was dissected out to be used for oxidative stress biomarker determination and histopathological study.

Results:

MTX group showed an increase in serum level of alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase, an increase liver tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), and a reduction of tissue glutathione and superoxide dismutase (SOD), while the treatment groups showed an improvement of liver enzyme elevation and decreased lipid peroxidation MDA and increased SOD.

Conclusion:

Pretreatment by using ALA alone or vitamin alone provides comparable improvement of liver histology and liver injury while combined regimen did not provide more significant improvement of liver injury than using each one alone.
Role of Debriefing and Feedback in Facilitating Learning through Simulation-based Medical Education
Authors: Shrivastava Saurabh RamBihariLal , Shrivastava Prateek Saurabh
Published: February 2023

Clinical skills training has been acknowledged as one of the crucial domains of medical students' training and plays an important role in aiding them to become competent health-care personnel. The inclusion of simulation in medical curriculum has emerged as the approach to provide opportunities to undergraduate students to practice, learn, and assess skills in controlled settings and that too without harming the patients. Although mere participation in a simulation exercise might result in learning, the given feedback ascertains the attainment of the learning objectives. The conduction of the debriefing session after the simulation exercise is one of the most common ways to deliver feedback and it simultaneously gives the teacher an opportunity to understand the knowledge, skills, and attitude of the student, which contributed to the performance of the student in the simulation exercise. In conclusion, the components of feedback and debriefing are critical to ensure effective learning in simulation-based medical education. Thus, it is essential to plan for a feedback session and also train the teachers in the skills of administering feedback and debriefing and all the medical institutions implementing simulation-based education should strengthen the feedback element.
Revolution in Antiquity: The Classicizing Fiction of Naomi Mitchison
Authors: Goff Barbara
Published: February 2023

The writer and activist Naomi Mitchison (1897–1999) came from a prominent establishment family but was a member of the Labour Party and the wife of a Labour MP. Her work was explicitly marked by the Russian Revolution, even when she wrote about antiquity. In the 1920s and 1930s, she produced a number of works of historical fiction set in ancient Greece and Rome, which were highly regarded at the time. The works use the canvas of antiquity to experiment with many forms of political and social radicalism, with a challenging focus on female sexuality. The article discusses four specific representations of revolution which mobilize female agency in ways that are themselves highly unconventional. However, these representations also invoke the Fraserian figure of the dying king who leads the revolution to disaster, compromising the revolutionary energy. This tension speaks to Mitchison’s own contradictory social positioning as a patrician radical. In 1972, however, the novel Cleopatra’s People revisits the theme and stages a more successful uprising. This novel is centered on the sacrificial queen instead of a king, it enlists a mass of people, and saves the revolution by hiding its key figures in Africa. During her final excursion into antiquity, Mitchison thus found a way to press history into useful service.
Getto ve Soylulaştırma Kavramları Üzerinden İstanbul Fatih Bölgesinin İncelenmesi: Ali Kuşçu Mahallesi
Authors: BADEL Fatemeh , HALAÇ Hicran Hanım
Published: February 2023

İstanbul, zengin kültürel mirasa sahip bir şehirdir. İçişleri Bakanlığı Göç İdaresi Genel Müdürlüğüne göre, Suriyelilerin bu şehre göç etmeye başlamasıyla birlikte yaklaşık yarım milyon kişi bu şehre yerleşmiştir. 30.000’den fazla Suriyeli Fatih bölgesinde yer almaktadır. İstanbul’un önemli bölgelerinden birisi olan Fatih ilçesi kültürel miras bakımından zengindir. Bu bölgenin kültürel mirasını herhangi bir değişikliğe karşı korumak, belediyenin esas görevlerinden biri olmalıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Suriyelilerin bu bölgeye göç ettikten sonra tescilli ve tescilsiz yapıların statüsünün yanı sıra hâkim dil, giyim tarzı ve kültür dâhil olmak üzere, bölgedeki yaşanan değişimleri soylulaştırma ve gettoların oluşumu açısından incelemektir. Araştırmanın amacı çerçevesinde, Fatih Camii’nin çevresinde bulunan sokaklarda, tarihsel bağlamda meydana gelen değişiklikler tespit edilerek yapılan değişikliklerin detayları tartışılmıştır. Gözlem ile toplanan veriler kullanılarak ve bu alandaki tescilli binaların geçmiş yıllardaki durumları karşılaştırılarak, bölgenin ticari bağlamında yapılan değişiklikler değerlendirilmiştir. Bu araştırma, tescilli binaları kültürel değişimden korumanın önemini vurgulamaktadır. Suriyelilerin bu bölgeye ani göçünden sonra hem kültürel mirasın bir parçası sayılan tarihi yapılar alanında hem de bölgenin hâkim kültürü açısından değişiklikler yaşanmıştır. Yapılan değişikliklerin incelenmesi ile Ali Kuşçu bölgesinde Suriyelilerin göçünden sonra Suriye gettolarının oluştuğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca bu alandaki soylulaştırma kavramı incelendiğinde soylulaştırma olgusunun oluştuğu anlaşılmıştır.
Mustafa Namık Çankı'nın Edebî Evreninde Tevfik Fikret'in İzleri
Authors: TUNA Serkan
Published: February 2023

Cumhuriyet sonrası Türk düşünce tarihine katkılarıyla bilinen Mustafa Namık, felsefe başta olmak üzere mantık, psikoloji, estetik gibi pek çok alanda eserler vermiştir. Türkiye’nin yakın dönem felsefe çalışmalarında önemli bir yeri olan yazar, bu alana ömrünü vakfetmeden önce Türk edebiyatının önemli isimleriyle bir araya gelerek edebiyat ile meşgul olmuştur. Gençlik dönemine karşılık gelen bu süreçte ise en çok etkilendiği ve takip ettiği isim Tevfik Fikret’tir. Kuruculuğunu üstlendiği Aşiyan mecmuasında yayımlanan sınırlı sayıdaki şiirinde ona ithaflarda bulunurken anlayış, tarz, kelime dünyası ile Fikret’e oldukça yaklaşmaktadır. Yine mütareke döneminde Tevfik Fikret’in “Yeni Mektep” tasarısına benzer okul ve öğretim modelini benimseyen “Aşiyan Mektepleri”ni hayata geçirmiştir. Bunlarla beraber yazar, Tevfik Fikret’in ölümünden yıllar sonra bile kaleme aldığı eserlerinde, köşe yazılarında ona atıflarda bulunmaya devam etmiştir. Bu çalışma, felsefe dilini Türkçeleştirmek için büyük çaba harcayan Mustafa Namık’ın edebî ve düşünsel evrenindeki Tevfik Fikret tesirine işaret etmek üzere tasarlanmıştır. Ayrıca bu çalışmada, Ankara Yazma Eserler Bölge Müdürlüğü Kütüphanesinden temin edilen görsel/görsellerden faydalanılmıştır.
Modeling Extreme Stochastic Variations using the Maximum Order Statistics of Convoluted Distributions
Authors: Adeyemi Adewunmi O. , Adeleke Ismail A. , Akarawak Eno E. E.
Published: February 2023

Modeling extreme stochastic phenomena associated with catastrophic temperatures, heat waves, earthquakes and destructive floods is an aspect of proactive mitigation of risk. Hydrologists, reliability engineers, meteorologist and researchers among other stakeholders are faced with the challenges of providing adequate model for fitting real life datasets from the extreme natural hazardous occurrences in our environment. Convoluted distributions (CD) and generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution for r- largest order statistics (r-LOS) have been some of the prominent existing techniques for modeling the extreme events. This study explored the properties of order statistics from the convoluted distribution as alternative procedure for analyzing the extreme maximum with the aim of obtaining superior modeling fit compared to some other existing techniques. The new procedure called MAXOS-G employed the potential properties of the Maximum Order Statistics (MAXOS) and the flexibilities of convoluted distributions where G is taken to beWeibull-Exponential Pareto (WEP) and the New Kumaraswamy-Weibull (NKwei) distributions. The maximum order statistics of the WEP distribution (MAXOS-WEP) and NKwei distribution (MAXOS-NKwei) was derived and applied to three datasets consisting of annual maximum flood discharges, annual maximum precipitation and annual maximum one-day rainfall. Some properties of the MAXOS-WEP was investigated including the moment, mean, variance, skewness, and kurtosis. Characterization of WEP distribution by the L-moment of maximum order statistics was presented and coefficient of L-variation, L-skewness and L-kurtosis were derived. The results from the application to three datasets using R-software justified the importance of this new procedure for modeling the maximum events. The MAXOS-NKwei and MAXOS-WEP models provide superior goodness-of-fit to the datasets than the WEP and NKwei distributions and better than some previously proposed convoluted distributions for modeling the datasets.
Tectonic Setting of the Syenite Around Igarra, Southwestern Nigeria: Constraints from Geochemistry
Authors: Ugbe F. C. , Ominigbo O. E. , Akano A. O.
Published: February 2023

Syenites are relatively rare within the Nigerian Basement Complex. As a result of their rarity, these rocks have been given less research attention over time and are consequently poorly understood. The syenitic rocks at Igarra were studied to ascertain their tectonic evolution using geochemistry. Sampling was carried out using the survey-type geological field mapping approach. A total of 10 samples of syenitic rocks were collected for laboratory analyses. Compositionally, the rocks are intermediate with regards to SiO2 content (58.02% – 60.58%), having Al2O3 and alkali (Na2O + K2O) compositional ranges of 15.34% – 15.52% and 8.99% – 9.7% respectively. The sampled rocks are similar and consistent in their trace and rare earth elements concentrations (the only exception being Zr with values ranging from 4 ppm to 79 ppm). The rocks are relatively enriched in Ba, K, TI, and Sr but depleted in Tc, Nb, U, Hf, Yb, Te and Ta. The syenites also show fairly high ratios of Rb/Nb and Rb/Sr with mean values of 488.627 and 0.171 respectively. As seen from the geochemical analyses, the syenites around Igarra are high-K calcalkaline, alkalic to alkalic-calcic. The rocks are peraluminous in character as shown by the bivariate plot of A/NK vs. A/CNK. Sedimentary protolith with continental crustal parent magma is inferred for these rocks. The similarity and consistency of the trends of major, trace and rare earth elements is indicative of cogenetic origin for the rocks. The geochemistry and discrimination plots for the rocks indicate geodynamic setting ranging from orogenic to post-orogenic. A volcanic arc geotectonic setting is interpreted for the Igarra syenites, with magma emplacement and evolution thought to have been initiated during the late stages of the Pan-African reactivation and continued into post-orogenic times.
Brain and craniovertebral junction in patients with achondroplasia using low dose dynamic computed tomography
Authors: Da Cunha Júnior Antônio Lopes , Navarro Mônica de Magalhães Machado , De Aguiar Marcos José Burle
Published: February 2023

Purpose: To describe the brain and craniovertebral junction (CVJ) in achondroplasia by dynamic low dose computed tomography (CT). Methods: This paper documents a cross-sectional retrospective study performed between 1998 and 2013. The Ethics and Research Committee approved the project. The investigators reviewed the medical records of 440 patients with skeletal dysplasia and performed flexion-extension CT for 24 patients with achondroplasia confirmed by molecular testing. They were divided in two groups: children younger than eight years old and group 2 with older individuals. Normal scans were selected as controls in proportion 1:4. Three measurements were made by two radiologists using the following parameters: Evans Ratio, cerebroventricular index of the anterior horns and maximum width of the third ventricle; diameters of the foramen magnum (FM), width of the spinal canal, clivus size, basion-axial interval, atlantooccipital interval and Powers ratio, atlantodental interval, distance of the dens tip position above McGregor line and Welcher angle. T-test, Kruskal-Wallis and Fisher statistics were used. P-value<0.05 threshold was considered for statistical significance. Results: The ventricles were greater, and the FM was smaller in achondroplastic patients than in controls scans (p<0.01). Other findings were: ventriculomegaly (30%), hydrocephalus (4%), narrowing of FM (between 96% and 100%), spinal stenosis (92%), clivus hypoplasia (88%), atlantooccipital instability (25%), atlantoaxial instability (13 %), basilar invagination (13%) and platybasia (8%). There was no upper cervical compressive myelopathy. There was no difference of CVJ changes between the groups 1 and 2 (p>0.09). Conclusion: The craniometry showed the most frequent cerebral and CVJ changes in achondroplasia.
TEĞMEN BURHANEDDİN (IŞIL) EFENDİ’NİN GÜNLÜĞÜNDEN TÜRK İSTİKLÂL SAVAŞI’NDA BATI CEPHESİ ASKERÎ FAALİYETLERİNE BAKIŞ (11 HAZİRAN 1921-31 ARALIK 1921)
Authors: EVCİN Erol
Published: February 2023

Türk İstiklâl Savaşı sırasında İstanbul’dan Anadolu’ya geçen subaylar hiç şüphe yok ki Türk ordusuna önemli katkılar sağlamıştır. Bu çalışma münasebetiyle, Türk İstiklâl Savaşı’nın önemli bir safhasında 21 Haziran 1921 tarihinde İstanbul’dan İtalyan bandıralı bir vapur ile ayrılarak İnebolu’ya çıkan ve buradan Kastamonu-Çankırı-Ankara-Eskişehir yoluyla Batı Cephesi’ne intikal eden Burhaneddin (Işıl) adındaki bir subayın askerî faaliyetleri konu alınmıştır. Burhaneddin Bey, Birinci Dünya Savaşı neticesinde yaşadığı esaret hayatı nedeniyle 1921’de İstanbul’a dönebilmiş, bu nedenle Türk istiklâl Savaşı’na iştiraki biraz gecikmiştir. Türk İstiklâl Savaşı’nda 1. Süvari Tümeni 14. Alay 2. Bölük Takım Komutanı olarak görev yapmış, 4. Kolordu Süvari Bölüğü’nde hizmet etmiş ve Kütahya-Eskişehir ve Sakarya Muharebeleri ile Büyük Taarruz’a katılmıştır. Bu süreçte ayrıca cepheye asker, cephane ve teçhizat nakli hizmetlerinde de bulunmuştur.

Burhaneddin Bey’in çalışmamızda temel aldığımız günlüğü 11 Haziran 1921-31 Aralık 1921 tarihleri arasındaki süreci kapsamaktadır. Söz konusu günlük vesilesiyle; kendisinin askerî faaliyetlerinin yanı sıra Türk İstiklâl Savaşı döneminde İstanbul Hükümeti ile bağlarını kopararak TBMM’nin emrine girmek üzere Anadolu’ya geçen askerlere, bu geçişler sırasında karşılaşılan zorluklara, Ankara Hükümeti’nin Anadolu’ya intikalleri güvenli bir şekilde sağlayabilmek hususunda aldığı tedbirlere, Batı Cephesi’ne yapılan askerî sevkiyata, cephedeki çarpışmalara, halkın ve askerlerin moral durumuna ilişkin önemli bilgilere de ulaşmak mümkün olmaktadır. Batı Cephesi’nde cereyan eden olaylara temas eden bu çalışma vesilesiyle Türk İstiklâl Savaşı’nın daha iyi anlaşılmasına katkı sağlamak amaçlanmıştır.
YİRMİNCİ YÜZYILIN BAŞLARINDA OSMANLI DEVLETİ’NDE ASKERÎ AMAÇLI KULLANILAN PROJEKTÖRLER
Authors: GEÇİLİ Derya
Published: February 2023

On dokuzuncu yüzyıldan sonra Avrupalı devletler silah sanayisinde yeniliklere başlamıştır. Bu yenilik hareketleri bağlamında hem savunma ve hem de saldırı sırasında kullanılabilecek projektörlere ihtiyaç duyulmuştur. Projeksiyonun kelime karşılığı ışığı yansıtmadır. Buradan dünyanın şeklinin bir düzleme yansıtıldığı fikri akla gelmelidir. Projektör ise ışık demetinin paralel ışınlarını etkili bir şekilde göstererek yansıtan aygıttır. Savunma amaçlı kullanılmaya başlanan projektörün bir süre sonra saldırı sırasında da etkili olabileceği ortaya çıkmıştır. Bunun için aydınlatıcılar üzerinde birçok araştırmalar yapılarak ışıktan iyi bir şekilde istifade edebilmenin yolları aranmıştır. Osmanlı Devleti’nde modernleşme çalışmaları sonucunda hem Avrupa’ya öğrenciler gönderilmiş, hem de uzmanlar getirilmiştir. Avrupa’daki yeniliklerin takip edilmesi sonucunda güçlü bir ışık kaynağı olan projektörün önemi fark edilmiştir. Avrupa’da şirketlerle görüşmeler yapılarak projektörler satın alınmıştır. Projektörler, stratejik önemi nedeniyle boğazlara yerleştirilerek sahil güvenliği sağlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada projektörlerin özellikleri ile Avrupa’da şirketlerden satın alınmaları için yapılan görüşmeler anlatılmıştır.
GENERAL STRATİGOS’A AİT “YUNANLILARA NAZARAN SAKARYA MUHÂREBÂTI” ADLI RAPORUN MUHAREBEYE KATILAN TÜRK KOMUTANLARINCA DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: GÜVENBAŞ Mesut
Published: February 2023

Sakarya Meydan Muharebesi yüzyıllar boyunca yaşanan Türk’ün toprak kaybetmesine “dur” diyen, Türk’ün yeniden doğuşunun temelinin atıldığı ve döneminin harp sanatını değiştiren önemli bir muharebedir. Bu muharebeyle ilgili birincil kaynak, muharebeye katılan kişilerin ifadeleri ve hatıratların iyi analiz edilmesi büyük önem taşımaktadır.

Sakarya Meydan Muharebesine katılan Yunan General Ksenofontas Stratigos tarafından kaleme alınan Fransızca rapor (1921) Türk Genelkurmay Başkanlığınca çevirisi yapılarak “Sakarya Muhârebâtı” adıyla 1923 yılında Ankara’da basılmıştır. Osmanlı Türkçesi olarak basılan eser Sakarya Meydan Muharebesine katılan Türk subayları tarafından aynı yıl içerisinde değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmada, Stratigos tarafından kaleme alınan bu eser; MSB Arşiv ve Askerî Tarih Daire Başkanlığı Arşivinden tespit edilen Türk subaylarının değerlendirmeleri, harp belgeleri ve ikincil kaynaklar ışığında karşılaştırmalı olarak analiz edilmeye çalışılmıştır.

Eserin, Yunan çekiliş ve yenilgisini belirli bir mantık çerçevesinde başarı olarak göstermeye çalıştığı, duygusal olarak kaleme alındığı, objektif olmadığı ile Yunan ordusunun hata ve başarısızlıklarını aklamaya çalıştığı tespiti yapılmıştır. Eserde, Türk ordusu ve halkı hakkında gerçekle ilgisi olmayan iddialara yer verildiği, Yunan ordusunca Anadolu halkına yapılan mezalimin gizlenmeye çalışıldığı ve Türk ordusunun taarruz ve başarılarına değinilmediği de görülmektedir.
Road to net-zero carbon: a tecnologia CCUS e o mercado de créditos de carbono como instrumentos complementares à mitigação e compensação das emissões de gases de efeito estufa no setor upstream
Authors: Castro Ribeiro Ferreira Silva Gustavo , Parente Virginia , Dos Santos Edmilson Moutinho
Published: February 2023

A partir do conceito de captura, utilização e armazenamento de carbono (CCUS, na sigla em inglês), é possível contribuir diretamente para uma solução a nível global, visando a mitigação direta de um poluente extremamente nocivo ao meio ambiente e, além disso, destinar sua utilização para fins técnicos e agregar valor econômico nas operações. Além da mitigação das emissões de CO2 em operações de produção de petróleo e gás natural, cabe ainda destaque às medidas compensatórias para níveis que ainda persistirem. No caso, o mercado de créditos de carbono funciona como um mecanismo de comercialização, visando compensar, de forma econômica e sustentável, a emissão do poluente através de alternativas e projetos ambientalmente favoráveis.
Aplicação de algoritmos de otimização para determinação do montante ótimo de demanda contratada
Authors: Martins Júnior Walter Aguiar , Farah Débora Finazzi Luz , De Oliveira Carla Cristiny Esteves , Ferreira de Souza Danilo , Scarsi Felipe Moya , Lima Rogerio Lucio , Bonaldo Jakson Paulo
Published: February 2023

A energia elétrica é um dos mais elevados custos do serviço público no Brasil. Assim, o uso racional de energia elétrica faz parte de um conjunto de estratégias responsáveis por reduções de perdas e racionalização técnico-econômica. A otimização da contratação e do uso da energia elétrica é uma ação que compõe o conjunto de técnicas referentes à eficiência energética atuando em reduções de custos administrativas envolvendo aspectos contratuais, mudança de hábitos e procedimentos internos. Este trabalho demonstra a utilização de algoritmos de otimização para definição automática do montante ótimo de demanda a ser contratada, para um estudo de caso aplicado a quatro unidades consumidoras (UCs) de um Órgão Público do estado de Mato Grosso, tomando como base o histórico de demanda consumida e contratada, bem como os custos relacionados a estes montantes. Foram aplicados três métodos de otimização: Método 1 – Gradientes Reduzidos Generalizados (GRG) Não Linear; Método 2 – Evolucionário e; Método 3 – Moderna Teoria Financeira aplicada ao Nível Ótimo de Contratação de Demanda. Considerando a escolha do melhor método em cada UC da entidade, houve redução de 12,96% da somatória da Demanda Contratada e redução de 2,13% na somatória das faturas de energia elétrica.
Análise das perdas técnicas através da criação de um novo modelo considerando a inserção de geradores distribuídos fotovoltaicos
Authors: Gehrke Poleana , Criciéle Castro Martins
Published: February 2023

Neste trabalho são expostos a criação de alguns modelos que consideram a presença de sistemas fotovoltaicos para a análise das perdas técnicas, levando em consideração os dados de posse da concessionária de energia e da ANEEL (Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica), além da utilização do software OpenDSS (Open Distribution System Simulator). Essa análise é realizada na rede IEEE 34 barras, conciliado a modelagem com as regulamentações exigidas pela ANEEL. Diante do exposto, é analisado o impacto metodológico com as mudanças propostas, buscando por uma maneira mais coerente de representação e apuração das perdas técnicas do sistema de distribuição de energia elétrica.
Ensaio sobre o impacto dos contratos de energia térmica inflexível no custo de operação do subsistema SE/CO
Authors: Sbrissia Santos Larissa , Henrique Marco Detzel Daniel
Published: February 2023

As usinas térmicas são empreendimentos estratégicos na composição da matriz energética para a operação do Sistema Interligado Nacional (SIN). Elas têm capacidade de fornecer energia despachável, aumentando a segurança e confiabilidade energética do sistema, mas impactam o custo de operação, a depender do combustível usado para gerar energia. Espera-se que nesta década os subsídios e contratos para a geração de energia térmica terminem, o que torna necessária a análise de diferentes mecanismos de contratação para esse tipo de fonte de energia visando a otimização do aproveitamento do parque gerador térmico brasileiro. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o comportamento do custo de operação do subsistema Sudeste/Centro-Oeste do SIN, considerando dois cenários: um deles no qual há a vigência dos contratos de energia térmica inflexível, enquanto o outro não apresenta contratos de energia térmica inflexível. Os resultados mostram um custo operacional maior no cenário em que se considera a vigência dos contratos de energia térmica inflexível.
Rio São Francisco e a energia dos ventos
Authors: Fernandes Sérgio Montenegro
Published: February 2023

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar as mudanças ocorridas na matriz elétrica da Região Nordeste. Essas alterações na matriz estão relacionadas diretamente a inserção em larga escala da geração eólica, superando o potencial instalado de geração hidroelétrica na região. A participação predominante das Energias Renováveis Variáveis (ERV) tem gerado um grande desafio para a operação do sistema elétrico da região. O principal desafio é em função da sua alta variabilidade, incontrolabilidade e difícil previsibilidade, que afeta a operação de todo sistema. Os resultados observados nos últimos anos, na região, demostram a forte sinergia entre essas fontes de energia renováveis (Eólica e Hidráulica). No entanto, a integração entre estas fontes de energia altera o modo de operação das usinas hidrelétricas.
Alternativas para mobilidade urbana sustentável: comparação entre veículo elétrico a bateria íon-lítio e a célula a combustível (utilizando ACV)
Authors: Brasil Ruas Vernalha Estevão , Seixas Sônia Regina da Cal
Published: February 2023

A eletrificação da frota de veículos apresenta-se como uma alternativa com grande potencialidade de redução de emissões de Gases do Efeito Estufa (GEE) no setor de transporte. Atualmente, o sistema mais utilizado, cujo fornecimento da propulsão ao veículo ocorre através da eletricidade, envolve o uso de baterias íon-lítio com recarga plug-in. Outra possibilidade que se investiga é a utilização de veículos equipados com célula a combustível (CaC), um reator eletroquímico capaz de converter hidrogênio (H2) e o oxigênio do ar em eletricidade. No Brasil, a utilização de etanol como insumo na produção de H2 para abastecimento de veículos a CaC apresenta-se como uma possibilidade expressiva, dada a magnitude da infraestrutura de produção e distribuição de etanol já previamente instaladas no país. Este artigo apresenta um estudo de Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida que compara o desempenho ambiental destes dois sistemas – i) Veículo Elétrico convencional, com baterias íon-lítio e recarga plug-in (VE-Li), e ii) Veículo Elétrico movido a CaC (VE-CaC) utilizando H2 obtido da reforma-vapor do etanol – realizada no posto de combustível (sistema off-board descentralizado). O sistema VE-Li apresentou melhor desempenho em cinco categorias de impacto ambiental; o sistema VE-CaC performou melhor em seis. Quanto à categoria Aquecimento Global (GWP100a), o sistema VE-CaC apresentou um impacto 12% menor que o sistema VE-Li, mostrando potencial expressivo para redução de emissões de GEE. Os resultados do sistema VE-Li reforçaram a necessidade de se manter a matriz elétrica com baixa participação de combustíveis fósseis para que, em um eventual cenário de ampliação da demanda por eletricidade alavancada pela eletrificação da frota, este sistema possa representar efetivamente uma alternativa de baixa emissão.
Mechanistic Basis of Arsenic Induced Carcinogenesis: Differential miRNA Expression
Authors:   Professor, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302004 India, John Placheril J. , Kumar Navneet ,   Centre for advanced studies, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India – 302004
Published: February 2023

Arsenic, a toxic metalloid, provokes many detrimental consequences to human health. It is prevalent in earth’s crust and poses a major threat to humans globally. Inorganic arsenic exposure occurs mainly via drinking water or food and is metabolized in mammals to form organic metabolites/ end products. Chronic exposure to arsenic causes lung, skin and urinary bladder cancers and increases the risks of liver, kidney and prostate cancers. Arsenic-induced ROS generation, disturbances in several signaling pathways, DNA repair inhibition, chromosomal aberrations, and epigenetic changes including alterations in DNA methylation, histone modifications and differential miRNA expression profiles are involved in cancer progression, and malignant transformation. However, details of arsenic-induced carcinogenesis and molecular mechanisms involved are still remaining obscure. MicroRNAs are post-transcriptional gene expression regulators and themselves may act as oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Differential miRNA expression is implicated in several human cancers. This review covers general mechanistic basis of arsenic-induced carcinogenesis, explores recent in-vitro, in-vivo and cohort studies on differential miRNA expression profiles and shares associated molecular mechanistic data on miRNA dysregulation and their functional consequences leading to arsenic induced tumorigenesis, metastasis and cancer, also discusses the future directions.
Startup Company Strategy to be Sustainable through Financial Services Product: Mitra Bukalapak Study Case
Authors:   School of Business and Management, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Al Rizqi Muhammad Isnain , Palaon Hilman ,   School of Business and Management, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Sunitiyoso Yos ,   School of Business and Management, Institut Teknologi Bandung
Published: February 2023

Mitra Bukalapak is a B2B platform that digitalises 13.1 million Warung or Kiosks to be able to sell physical, virtual, and financial products. Today, this company is still having a negative contribution margin. Research has been conducted and shows that non-T1 cities are having the highest Mitra Bukalapak agent growth. This due to the unbanked people are demanding to get a certain service. A questionnaire has been sent to Mitra Bukalapak’s agent and an in-depth interview with internal stakeholders has been done to collect the data. The analysis of the data is conducted through qualitative and quantitative analysis and found 3 potential business strategies for the company. VRIO framework is used to identify Mitra Bukalapak’s competitive advantage internally. External analysis is done through STP marketing strategy and 7P marketing mix analysis. As the result, developing a new product portfolio can be one option. Tapping into a new market and concentrating on the high-growth market in T2 and T3 cities can be another. Also boosting revenue from existing customers by giving a higher charged fee can increase the take rate. This study aims to propose a strategy for Mitra Bukalapak to get a positive contribution margin specifically through its financial services product.
The Medical Perspective of Dry Cupping and Wet Cupping: Effects and mechanisms of action
Authors: Fauzi Tanjung Qadri , Ishadi Hendi
Published: February 2023

This therapy is a method of cleaning the blood and wind by sucking. remove residual toxins in the body through the skin surface by sucking. Cupping is divided into two types, that’s wet cupping and dry cupping. Dry cupping includes slide cupping, fire cupping, and pull cupping. The difference between wet cupping and dry cupping is the presence or absence of blood. Cupping is an alternative method that involves placing a cup on the skin using heat or suction for a few minutes. This will pull the tissue under the skin and form a blood pool so that a localized healing process occurs. Cupping is very beneficial for these patients although the benefits may not be felt in the short term. The side effects caused by cupping are not severe, only cause discomfort due to cupped and incision on the skin. Cupping plays a role in reducing inflammatory mediators formed due to cell inflammation. This substance serves to send pain signals to the brain. Cupping can be used for diseases that are local or systemic. Cupping can be used to reduce pain such as headaches, carpal tunnel syndrome and some other local disease.
Comparison of Pre-Loading Fluid With Norepinephrine Toward Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) In Sepsis Patients In Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan
Authors: Sidiq Rendi , Lubis Bastian , Solihat Yutu
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by dysregulation of the host response to infection. Sepsis and septic shock are major health problems, affecting millions of people worldwide each year and killing one in six people affected. Early identification and appropriate management in the early hours after the development of sepsis improves the patient's prognosis. Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC) 2021 recommends a fluid dose of 30mL/kgBW, but there are many studies stating that there is no difference in patient outcomes when we resuscitate patients with 10 or 20 mL/kgBW fluids. Norepinephrine is considered as the safest and most potent vasopressor agents than others.

Methods: This study used a double-blind randomized clinical trial (RCT) design to assess MAP in sepsis patients in intensive care unit (ICU) of Haji Adam Malik General Hospital ,Medan.

Results: There were more male (56.5%), than female (43.5%). In our study, administration of 10mL/kg and 20mL/kg fluid bolus with vasopressor resulted in increased MAP, and the differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Administration of 10 mL/kg fluid gave higher MAP values than the other groups, could be a consideration in choosing fluid in order to avoid fluid overload.

Conclusion: There is a significant comparison in the ratio of norepinephrine pre-loading fluid toward MAP in sepsis patients. Comparison of the mean MAP value at 15, 20, 25 minutes was the highest in the 10 mL/KgBW group. Meanwhile, the lowest MAP was found in  30mL/KgBW the group.
Serum Procalcitonin (PCT) Level In Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) In Critical Patients
Authors: Iwan Tona Azwar , Syukri Maimun
Published: February 2023

Early prediction and avoidance of aggravation of AKI will be useful in identifying patients at risk of developing a higher degree of AKI. Many studies have been conducted to prevent AKI and find biomarkers to predict AKI. Many studies have identified biomarkers of AKI, such as neutrophil-associated lipocalin (NGAL), cystatin C, interleukin-18, and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2). Yet few have investigated the role of PCT as a predictor of AKI. The pathophysiological mechanisms that explain the association between serum PCT and AKI remain unclear. Various inflammatory responses are thought to play a role in the AKI development. PCT acts as a chemoattractant in the ​​inflammation area and causes more monocytes to invade the ​​inflammation. PCT is initially produced in adherent monocytes and then contributes to an increase in circulating PCT by attracting parenchymal cells as they attach directly to activated monocytes. High PCT levels ultimately act as a direct chemoattractant to monocyte counts.