bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extracurricular Tandem as a Powerful Tool for Enhancing Intercultural Communicative Competence
Authors: Seidikenova Almash , Rakhimova Yuliya , Abdeljalil Akkari , Balkhimbekova Perizat , Nurpeissova Aigul , Vatutina Zhanna
Published: December 2024

Regular interaction with the representatives of the target language is a key driver in enhancing linguistic and intercultural competence. This study explores the frequency of communication between Kazakhstani students and native speakers, additionally examining their emotions during foreign language interaction. Furthermore, it seeks to identify the efficacy of extracurricular tandem in fostering intercultural communicative competence and the challenges faced by students when studying languages in extracurricular tandem. Following the quantitative method of scientific research, the authors conducted an anonymous survey of 587 foreign language students. To create an opportunity for intercultural communication, the research group developed the website and initiated an extracurricular language tandem pilot project between foreign and local students. The survey findings revealed that only a small portion (11%) of students regularly communicate with native speakers, while the majority of respondents (73%) experience both language difficulties and anxiety during interactions. The extracurricular tandem project provided positive outcomes, with students reporting enhancement in both their linguistic skills and understanding of the target culture. The project contributed the development of friendships and boosted confidence in using the target language. Nevertheless, students encountered some difficulties related to organizational aspects. This study can guide educators and educational institutions in creating conditions that promote intercultural exchange among students and enhance their intercultural communicative skills.
Multimodal Metaphors in Snack Food Advertisements in English and in Vietnamese: A Comparative Study
Authors: Hai Dong Thanh , Vien Truong
Published: December 2024

In the modern advertising landscape, creating messages that resonate emotionally and culturally with audiences is essential for engagement. Multimodal metaphors are increasingly utilized to convey complex cultural meanings. This study investigated the use of multimodal metaphors in snack food advertisements in both English and Vietnamese, focusing on how verbal, visual, and auditory elements interacted to create persuasive and culturally resonant messages. A total of 24 advertisements—12 in English and 12 in Vietnamese—were analyzed using a mixed-methods approach that incorporated both quantitative and qualitative analyses. The quantitative findings revealed distinct differences in metaphor frequency between the two languages, while the qualitative analysis explored the cultural nuances that shaped metaphor usage. English advertisements predominantly emphasized themes of individual success, personal indulgence, and self-empowerment, reflecting the values of individualism commonly found in Western cultures. In contrast, Vietnamese advertisements focused on family unity, community, and shared experiences, which aligned with collectivist cultural values deeply rooted in Vietnamese society. These differences underscored the importance of cultural context in shaping advertising strategies. This study also provided critical insights for advertisers, emphasizing how culturally tailored messages that adapted metaphor usage to the values of the target audience could enhance both engagement and message effectiveness. Ultimately, the research highlighted the essential role of cultural and linguistic factors in constructing multimodal metaphors, offering practical implications for the development of more effective and culturally aligned advertisements.
The teaching-learning of physics and chemistry as an experimental science: points of view of trainee teachers in Morocco
Authors: El Hassane TOULI  , Mohamed RADID  , Mohammed TALBI
Published: December 2024

This study gives some points of view of trainee physics-chemistry teachers in Moroccan secondary education about the teaching and learning of science as an experimental science.
The methodology followed is based on a questionnaire distributed to 48 trainee teachers. they declared the necessity of applying the experimental approach to teaching physical sciences.
The role of primary healthcare system in the prevention and management of chronic kidney diseases in rural Nigeria
Authors: Chinyelu Maureen Uzoma  , Nkechi B. Ugboaja  , Nosakhare J. Uwugiaren
Published: December 2024

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a key source of morbidity and mortality in rural Nigeria due to its prevalence at 19.9% Caused by factors like hypertension, diabetes, infections, and environment. This research emergently appraised the role of the primary healthcare (PHC) system in the prevention and management of CKD within rural communities, including assets and liabilities. The approach followed the qualitative research design; articles were reviewed, favoring 16 peer-reviewed journals between 2015 and 2024. These studies were chosen because they addressed the topic of CKD prevention and management, PHC care delivery systems, the development of screening programs and educational initiatives, system preparedness, and policy changes. Study design, interventions, outcomes, and levels of evidence were summarised to describe trends and gaps in the effectiveness of PHC. The analysis showed that PHC systems were central in preventing CKD through screening, health promotion, lifestyle changes, and environmental modification. Nonetheless, gaps that had been noted included poor health facilities, scarcity of skilled workers, and poor availability of basic drugs. The other barriers to the implementation of EBHC included cultural belief in the use of conventional medicine and ill-health literacy. However, such barriers as poor NGO partnerships and dismal policy revision illuminated possibilities of enhancing CKD through increased provision of resources combined with efficient coordination of services. The study highlighted a need to scale up investment in PHC, especially in facilities and equipment, engaging particular audiences in culturally appropriate and targeted education to prevent and manage CKD; and an array of workforce development programs. Enhancing the monitoring and evaluation systems also puts much focus on improving and sustaining quality health care for vulnerable groups of people. These gaps may be alleviated by identifying strategies that could help interventionists strengthen or develop PHC systems to effectively tackle CKD and the despairing health status in rural Nigeria.
Revolutionizing business consulting with generative AI: Exploring transformative models for strategic decision-making, innovation, and operational excellence
Authors: Souratn Jain
Published: December 2024

Automotive AI is at the forefront of rapidly disrupting the business consulting industry by revitalizing core issues in strategy formulation and management, innovation, and process improvement. This technology helps consultants solve problems by dealing with large amounts of material, thinking outside the box regarding business solutions, and optimizing processes at a higher level than before. Businesses can benefit from AI technology because AI models can make a deeper data analysis, automate processes, improve decision-making, and provide the setting for future improvement. In this paper, the author looks at the essence of applying generative AI in business consultants, particularly analyzing its value for enhancing strategic execution and organizational performance. The study focuses on case analyses and interviews with 20 consulting practitioners on the effective and ineffective practices of applying AI. Research indicates that although generative AI POSs have enormous value for enhancing consulting models, there are challenges that organizations can observe, such as ethical issues and the requirement for specialized knowledge. This paper will make general recommendations for organizations interested in deploying AI at its full potential, discussing the proper and improper ways of AI integration.
Prinsip dan Peran Logika sebagai Dasar Penalaran Ilmiah di Era Informasi
Authors: Andaryanto Andaryanto  , Jeffri Wahyu Santoso  , Agung Winarno
Published: December 2024

Logic has a very important role in the development of knowledge and studies of certain knowledge. As a science, it is the basis for determining straight, precise and healthy thinking. Because the function of logic is to investigate, formulate and apply the laws that are adhered to. Logic is a field of science that focuses on the principles of valid and consistent reasoning. Its role is very important in the process of systematic and rational thinking, especially in the era of rapidly developing information. In the context of information technology, logic functions as a basis for understanding and filtering various information received every day. This article aims to provide an introduction to the principles and role of logic as a basis for scientific reasoning in facing the challenges of the information era. The focus of this article is the relationship between logic, information analysis, and rational decision making. The purpose of this discussion is for readers to better understand the importance of using logic in sorting valid information, as well as improving critical thinking skills in dealing with various incoming data. This article also discusses the basic principles of logic, which are important in assessing and constructing rational arguments in the world of information.
Per la recordacione di Piero Corner
Authors: D’Onghia Luca
Published: December 2024

The article is dedicated to one of the oldest Venetian texts, the so-called Recordacione by Piero Corner, with the aim of examining some lexical details: in particular, it focuses on the meaning of the words miliara and miliaro ‘thousand’ (lines 5 and 6); on the geographical distribution of the word caso ‘cheese’ (lines 5 and 7); and especially on the exact meaning of the word stoire ‘mat’ (line 7).
Il Vocabolario del romanesco contemporaneo, una nuova realtà tra i dizionari dialettali
Authors: Giovanardi Claudio
Published: December 2024

This article examines the Vocabolario del romanesco contemporaneo, edited by Paolo D’Achille and Claudio Giovanardi (2023). It explores the structure of the headwords, the characteristics of the lemmary, and the approach to incorporating literary examples. Special attention is given to the inclusion of neologisms and archaic terms that remain familiar to speakers. The innovative influence of youth language is also highlighted. In addition to dialect words, the vocabulary features terms used in Rome with unique meanings distinct from their standard Italian counterparts.
Studying A Spore Killing Gene in Neurospora crassa
Authors:   , Lee Jalen
Published: December 2024

Some isolates of the fungus Neurospora crassa possess a chromosomal factor that causes spore killing, leading to death of ascospores. It has been shown that these chromosomal factors are genetic elements called spore killers. For example, if a cross is performed between a parent with an Sk-S (sensitive) allele and a parent with an Sk-K (killer) allele, the cross will produce half viable offspring and half inviable offspring, where the inviable half has been killed by spore killing. This phenomenon can be explained by meiotic drive, wherein a selfish gene disrupts the randomness of sexual transmission, favoring its own success. In this study, I focus on a Neurospora Spore killer known as Sk-3. Sk-3 is thought to possess both a killer element and a resistance element. The resistance element is rsk, a gene that keeps ascospores alive and viable when in the presence of the killer element. However, the mechanism by which the killer element kills ascospores is unknown. A major obstacle to studying the killing mechanism is that the identity of the Sk-3 killer element itself has remained elusive. My goal is to help identify the Sk-3 killer element. Preliminary results by others have narrowed the search to the left arm of Chromosome III. These results have also shown that deletion of a 1.3 kb DNA interval, called v350, causes loss of spore killing. This suggests that a regulatory element, or a hidden gene, may overlap with the v350 interval. To help determine why v350 deletion correlates with loss of spore killing, I investigated a related DNA interval, called v384. My results suggest that v384, like v350, is required for spore killing.
Két kritikus fordulópont : A populista választási autokrácia előzményei és megszilárdulása Magyarországon
Authors: Benedek István , Bozóki András
Published: December 2024

Tanulmányunkban az 1989 utáni magyar politikai rendszer átalakulását az Orbán-rezsim létrejöttének és működésének megragadása céljából a rezsimklasszifikációs megközelítések és a populizmuskutatás erősségeinek szintetizálásával értelmezzük. A politikai versengés polity és politics szempontjait együttesen szemlélő megközelítésünkkel a mainstream politikatudományi (2010), illetve alkotmányjogi és közjogi (2012/13) szemlélettel szemben két, ezektől eltérő kritikus fordulópontot azonosítottunk. Az első a liberális demokrácia válságba kerülése a 2000-es évek második felében, a második pedig az Orbán-rezsim populista választási autokráciaként (PVA) történt megszilárdulása a 2010-es évek közepén. Az utóbbi időszakot lezáró 2018-as választások egyúttal az Orbán-rezsim autokratikus konszolidációjának kezdetét jelöli. A tágabb összehasonlító politikatudomány számára a magyar eset arra szolgál példával, hogy a populista polarizáció időben megelőzi és intenzitásában túlszárnyalja az autokratizációt, később pedig azzal összefonódva az autokratikus átmenethez vezet.
Szavazunk, ha esik, ha fúj? : Az időjárás hatása a választási részvételre Magyarországon 2014 és 2022 között
Authors: Nagy Márton
Published: December 2024

A választások előtti esélylatolgatásokban gyakran szóba kerül az időjárás szerepe a részvételi arányok alakításában. Jelen tanulmányban arra a kérdésre keressük a választ a racionális választói modell elméleti keretei közt, hogy a magyarországi országgyűlési választásokon 2014 és 2022 között a települések szintjén volt-e összefüggés az egyes időjárási tényezők és a választási részvételi arányok között. Eredményeink alapján arra a következtetésre jutottunk, hogy mind a napi átlaghőmérséklet, mind a napi csapadékmennyiség változásai szignifikáns, robusztus összefüggésben állnak a választási részvételi arányokkal. A hőmérséklet tekintetében negatív négyzetes kapcsolat feltételezhető, míg a csapadékmennyiség növekedése a részvételi arányok egyértelmű csökkenésével jár együtt. A szélerősség és a felhőzet esetében nem tártunk fel kellően megalapozott összefüggéseket. A feltárt kapcsolatok új, Magyarország esetében eddig nem vizsgált szempontok szerint világítják meg a választási részvétel alakulását. Az eredményeink – a nemzetközi példákkal többnyire összhangban – igazolják, hogy az időjárási tényezők összefügghetnek a választási részvételi arányokkal, de arra is rámutatnak, hogy ezen összefüggések mértéke nem elegendő ahhoz, hogy a választási részvételi arányokat aggregált értelemben érdemben befolyásolja. Kutatásunk továbbá empirikus bizonyítékot szolgáltat a racionális választói viselkedésre Magyarország esetében.
DETERMINING THE FINANCIAL LITERACY LEVELS OF STUDENTS OF THE FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES: A RESEARCH ON TURKEY, KAZAKHSTAN, AND KYRGYZSTAN
Authors: Yürekli Emin , Solak Bilal
Published: December 2024

Since financial literacy is seen as a skill that can be acquired through educational programs, determining the financial literacy of the Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, which have a good command of financial concepts and practices, is the main purpose of this research. According to the t-test results for independent samples for whether financial literacy rates and scale sub-dimensions differ on the basis of gender for each country, it was determined that there is a significant and positive difference on the basis of gender; also, according to the results of analysis for whether it differs on the basis of age for each country, it was found that there is a significant difference on the basis of age in terms of knowledge on economy, economic rationality, and social-economic reflections, and the individual economy sub-dimension was statistically different for Kazakhstan, and the social economic reflections dimension was different for Kyrgyzstan in terms of different age groups. The findings of the study can contribute to the identification of needs in order to design long-term education programs.
Gemeinsam träumen
Authors: Binder Barbara , Bruckner Simone
Published: December 2024

Im folgenden Artikel wird der Frage nachgegangen, inwieweit sich die Methode des Social Dreamings zur Anwendung in Selbsterfahrungsgruppen der Gestalttheoretischen Psychotherapie eignet. Um diese Fragestellung zu beantworten, setzten sich die Autorinnen mit den theoretischen Hintergründen der jeweiligen Methoden auseinander und führten eine explorative Studie durch, bei der Social Dreaming in einer gestalttheoretischen Selbsterfahrungsgruppe zum Einsatz kam.
Das bin ich?
Authors: Arnezeder Christian
Published: December 2024

Die Traumdeutung stellt nicht nur ein Kernstück der Psychoanalyse von Sigmund Freud dar, sondern wirkt neben zahlreichen Einflüssen in Kunst und Kultur auch als Ausgangspunkt für viele weitere Entwicklungen in der psychoanalytischen Theorie und Technik. Freud hat die Wunscherfüllung und die Verarbeitung von Tagesresten als wichtige Absicht der Traumproduktion verstanden, die es zu deuten gilt. Ein wenig beachteter Aspekt der Traumdeutung ist die Frage der Identität der im Traum agierenden Personen. Freud selbst beschreibt in der Traumdeutung bereits Identifizierungsfiguren und Mischpersonen, und C.G. Jung hält eine Subjektvon einer Objektstufe auseinander. Die Objektbeziehungstheorie, insbesondere von Otto Kernberg, unterscheidet zwischen Subjektund Objektrepräsentanzen und den dazugehörigen Affekten als Bauteilen des Selbst. Welche Identität der Träumer selber einnimmt oder seine Traumfiguren einnehmen lässt, bringt unbewusste Aspekte des Träumers und seiner Identitäten zutage. Diese helfen ihm nicht bloß in seiner Selbstfindung und Entwicklung, sondern erweitern das Verständnis der Identität.
Detection of lung nodules on digital medical images
Authors: Putyatin Ye. , Oroinskyi P. , Lyashenko V.
Published: December 2024

This paper presents a study that addresses the issues of digital processing and analysis of medical images. As the medical images considered human lung images that are obtained by computer tomography. Procedure for detecting lung nodules considered. This helps to conduct the diagnosis of lung cancer disease. The efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed procedure is shown.
Сonstruction of the geoelectric cutting model by final interpretation of the data processing method for the positation of the field in a neighborhood zone
Authors: Kaminsky R. , Shakhovska N. , Ladanivskyy B. , Savkiv L.
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the development of a method for the determination of characteristic indices of geoelectric layers and the construction of these geocoding models based on these data. This will allow to quickly build approximate models of the geoelectric section using simple computer technology, which is especially relevant in the field of experimental field work. A method for calculating the parameters of an approximate model of a geoelectric section is developed based on tabular data obtained at the stage of the formal interp-retention of the electric resistance curve. On the basis of the proposed method, the algorithm is presented and a calculation program is created, the input and output data are described, the form of presentation of the result.
Multimedia data extraction with fuzzy match
Authors: Mikhnova O.D.
Published: December 2024

With the rapid growth of generally available multimedia data, its real-time processing becomes an urgent problem. This article analyses all types of multimedia content processing with the help of artificial intelligent methods, special attention is given to translation memory data extraction with fuzzy match to a search query. Mathematical groundings based on semi-group theory are provided for content matching. The proposed formulations can be successfully used in video and text search applications as well as biomedical information processing.
Software implementation of search query clustering
Authors: Revenchuk I.A. , Pertseva K.V. , Marenich O.I. O.I.
Published: December 2024

A software implementation of the clustering of search queries by Python were proposes in this article. Clustering based on the composition of phrases is based on the k-means algorithm. Hierarchical clustering is represented by SERP. This analysis is useful for owners of online stores, for whom it is important to know what customers are looking for in electronic stores and by what priorities.
Methods of search and encoding similar data sequences in lossless data compression algrithms
Authors: Vallas O.S. , O.V. Vechur
Published: December 2024

Considered methods for searching and encoding approximate string matchings and their application to lossless data compression algorithms improvement. Studied modern approaches to the search for similar data sequences – trivial and heuristic methods, indexing methods and methods based on N-grams. Considered approaches of encoding differences using Levenshtein and Hamming distances. Proposed an extended structure of the data compression algorithm. Combinations of the above methods as part of the proposed structure were tested on two datasets – the English text dataset «enwik8» and the combined dataset «Silesia Corpus». During testing, сcompression ratio, encoding and decoding speed and overall balance were evaluated. As a result, a new structure of data compression algorithms was developed and the most effective combinations of methods for compression were identified for different data types.
Development of a combined method for constructing a recommendation system for an online store of electronic games
Authors: Baidak Vadym , Mazurova Oksana , Vorochek Olga
Published: December 2024

A combined method for constructing a recommendation system for expanding the functionality of an online store of electronic games is proposed. The proposed method, which takes into account the analytical profile of the user and the assessments of other users, will allow the system to provide more accurate personalized recommendations. The method of collaborative filtration is proposed as the basis for building a recommendation system. To improve the quality of recommendations, it is proposed to select input data for collaborative filtering based on user clustering using the k-means method based on an analytical user profile. The developed method was tested when creating a recommendation system for an online store of electronic games.
Methods Of Artificial Neural Networks for Adaptive Knowledge Testing
Authors: Shubin I.Yu. , Chetverikov G.G. , Liashyk V.A. , Shanidze N.A.
Published: December 2024

Adaptive test control is a computerized system of scientifically based verification and evaluation of learning outcomes, which is highly effective by optimizing the procedures for generating, presenting and evaluating the results of adaptive tests, based on methods of building and optimizing logical networks. Algorithms for selection and presentation of tasks are based on the principle of feedback, when the correct answer of the subject of training is the of training the wrong answer was given. It is also possible to ask additional questions on topics that the subject does not know very well to clarify the level of knowledge in these areas. The choice of testing algorithms is currently actually limited by the forms of presentation of test tasks and algorithms for evaluating test results. Achieving higher results and increasing the motivation to learn is ultimately the main goal of testing knowledge. To determine the basic algorithm, it is necessary to provide a scenario of the system. It is based on the model of taking the exam by a teacher as a model of adaptive testing. This choice of the scenario of the system is due to the fact that, firstly, this procedure is historically well formalized, and secondly, when designing tests, their developer must rely on common, known and used methods with minimal modification.
Solution of the problem of determining the title of a service center of Ukraine on the basis of the algebra of finite predicates
Authors: Meshkov D. , Vechirska I. , Rusakova N.
Published: December 2024

Today, the apparatus of the algebra of finite predicates is so developed that it can be used to describe and simulate all kinds of processes of human intellectual activity, from describing the solution of the simplest equations to describing linguistic processes. This article discusses the construction of a logical network for solving the problem of determining the rank of a serviceman, which depends on the rank, type of rank, type of service and other parameters. The language of the algebra of finite predicates was used to describe the process of distributing ranks. Using the method of formulaic notation of relations, paradigmatic tables were built and all the ranks of military personnel were described, bipartite graphs were formed and a logical relational network corresponding to them was built. Each logical network can be implemented in software or converted into an electronic circuit for the automatic solution of one or another class of problems described by the model for which this circuit is built. The software implementation has proven the effectiveness of the constructed network.
SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT IN HISTORIC TOWNS: A CASE STUDY OF JERASH, JORDAN
Authors:   The University of Jordan, Department of Hotel Management, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality, Amman, Jordan, JAWABREH Omar , Al FAHMAWEE Emad Al Dein ,   Applied Science Private University, Department of Interior Design, Faculty of Art and Design, Amman, Jordan, ALSHATNAWI Ehab ,   The University of Jordan, Department of Tourism Management, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality, Aqaba Branch, Jordan, ABDELRAZAQ Haitham ,   Hospitality and Tourism, Churchill Institute for Higher Education, Australia, Sydney
Published: December 2024

The research explores the complexities and challenges of preserving and developing historic towns, focusing on
sustainable urban development in Jerash. The study emphasizes the significance of maintaining and restoring historic buildings
and urban spaces to yield benefits in aesthetics, tourism, local economy, and property values. It highlights the urgency of
integrating conservation measures into development strategies to promote cultural heritage planning, adaptive reuse, and overall
revitalization. The rapid urbanization in Jordan has led to increased pressure on historic resources, necessitating the preservation
of cultural heritage as essential capital. The study outlines the importance of sustainable urban development in historic towns,
considering the diverse values they offer, including architectural accomplishments, historical significance, economic return,
environmental quality, and social functions. A case study of Jerash illustrates the historic and cultural significance of the town,
showcasing its unique urban setting with Roman architectural remains and a rich history spanning over 6500 years. The research
discusses current urban development initiatives in Jerash, addressing the challenges posed by socioeconomic factors, population
growth, and the transformation from a colonial to a tourist urban economy. The study underscores the need for an integrated
approach to sustainable urban development that balances growth and conservation, leveraging the town's cultural, social, and
physical components. The research provides strategies for sustainable urban development, focusing on the preservation and
conservation of cultural heritage, innovative urban planning and design approaches, community engagement, and participation.
Through comprehensive analysis and evaluation, the research aims to contribute valuable insights for future urban development
projects in historic towns, ensuring their sustainability and continued significance as cultural and historical treasures.
Martyrs, Katechontes and Heroes as Figures of Disseminated Charisma
Authors: Herrero Montserrat
Published: December 2024

Charismas are a particular case of the commerce between visible and invisible powers. The notion of charisma and grace is not independent of sacrifice, which entangles a divine death. St. Paul first coined the term charisma. Charisma begins by signifying the grace that derives through multiple channels from Christ’s redemptive sacrifice. For Paul grace is disseminated in every Christian who associates his or her life with that of Christ. After Christ, other sacred deaths will come to be associated with that grace, particularly the lives of the martyrs, but also those of political heroes. The paper examines the grace associated with the life of martyrs and its theological-political analogy with the life of political heroes as dispensators of some kind of grace and salvation. To deal with this topic, the paper puts in dialogue “Pro Patria Mori in Medieval Political Thought” (1951) by Ernst Kantorowicz, “Witness to the Truth” (1937) by Erik Peterson, and “The Concept of the Political” (1927) of Carl Schmitt.
On the Lebesgue measure of one generalised set of subsums of geometric series
Authors: Makarchuk O. P. , Karvatskyi D. M.
Published: December 2024

In the present paper, we study a set that can be treated as a generalised set of subsums for a geometric series. This object was discovered independently in various mathematical aspects. For instance, it is closely related to various systems of representation of real numbers. The main object of this paper was particularly studied by R. Kenyon, who brought up a question about the Lebesgue measure of the set and conjectured that it is positive. Further, Z. Nitecki confirmed the hypothesis by using nontrivial topological techniques. However, the aforementioned result is quite limited, as this particular case should satisfy a rigid condition of homogeneity. Despite the limited progress, the problem remained understudied in a general framework.
The study of topological, metric, and fractal properties of the set of subsums for a numerical series is a separate research direction in mathematics. On the other hand, the topic is related to another modern mathematical problem, namely, deepening of the Jessen-Wintner theorem for infinite Bernoulli convolutions and their generalisations. The essence of the problem is to reveal the necessary and sufficient conditions for the probability distribution of a random subsum of a geometric series to be absolutely continuous or singular.
The Jessen-Wintner theorem guarantees that the distribution is pure (pure discrete, pure singular, or pure absolutely continuous).Meanwhile, the Levy theorem gives us the necessary and sufficient condition for the distribution to be discrete.Since the set of subsums for an absolutely convergent series coincides with the set of possible outcomes of the corresponding probability distribution, under certain conditions, it allows us to apply various probability techniques for its further investigation. In particular, some techniques help us to prove that the above sets have a positive Lebesgue measure and allow to deepen the Jessen-Wintner theorem under certain conditions.
Performance Improvement of Multi-band MIMO Antennas for 5G Applications
Authors: Ali F. Hassoon  , Issa Radhi Sehen
Published: December 2024

A comprehensive argument is present in this paper for the development of a four-element Three major frequency band MIMO antenna that is suitable for the 5G and beyond upcoming wireless technology. This antenna, constructed using FR-4 material and measuring 38 x 38 x 1.67 mm3, operates in the UWB, Ku-band, as well as a portion of the Ka-band and lower millimeter band. A 4×4 MIMO antenna structure was used to evaluate the proposed technique; the antenna resonates at three bands. The array has dimensions of 0.4 × 0.4 × 0.039λ_g^3. The tested features of the proposed antenna system demonstrate compatible responses for broadband frequency ranges. The first band covers frequencies from 3.14 GHz to 9.14 GHz (6 GHz bandwidth) with the following characteristics: 97.7% bandwidth, 78% maximum radiation efficiency, and a total efficiency of 73%. A 2.27 dB peak gain, 10 dB average diversity gain (DG), and not more than 0.085the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC). Also, this antenna has more than 24 dB isolation boundary between the radiating elements. At the second band, this antenna realizes 58% bandwidth with operation range from 9.2 GHz to 16.7 GHz (7.5 GHz), while maintaining an 88.8%, 82.7% as maximum radiation efficiency, and total efficiency respectfully. A peak gain of 5.4 dB, around 10 dB average DG, and an ECC of less than 0.018. Moreover, a value of greater than 18 dB minimum decoupling between the adjacent elements. The proposed structure shows 11 GHz bandwidth at the third frequency band, which ranging from 20.15 GHz to 31.31 GHz, representing a bandwidth of 43.4%. A peak gain of 7.4 dB is reached. Maximum radiation efficiency of 86.3%, with a total efficiency of 83.5%. The average DG is about 10 dB, and the ECC is lower than 0.005. An isolation gap of more than 13 dB is reached between the radiating elements.
The mitochondrial disease biomarker GDF15 is quantifiable in saliva, exhibits dynamic properties, and correlates with disease severity
Authors: Picard Martin
Published: December 2024

Circulating growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a biomarker of mitochondrial diseases and aging, but its natural dynamics and response to acute stress in blood and other biofluids have not been well defined. Using extensively sampled participants from the MiSBIE study, we examined GDF15 biology in 290 plasma and 860 saliva samples from 40 patients with rare mitochondrial diseases (MitoD) and compared them to a reference control group. We first confirm that individuals with the m.3243A>G mutation (n=25) or with single, large-scale mtDNA deletions (n=15) exhibit elevated GDF15 (p<0.0001) in both blood and saliva. To examine the basis for GDF15 in saliva, we profiled GDF15 expression in 48 tissues from the GTEx dataset and discovered high GDF15 expression in salivary gland secretory cells. Despite being chronically elevated in MitoD, saliva GDF15 further increased in response to an experimental laboratory mental stress alone (without physical exertion), whereas the stress-induced plasma GDF15 reactivity was blunted in MitoD compared to controls. Using a home-based saliva collection protocol, we show that similar to other stress-related metabolic hormones saliva GDF15 is highest at the time of waking up and declines rapidly within 30-45 minutes in both control and MitoD groups. Elevated saliva GDF15 levels persisted throughout the day in MitoD. Clinically, both plasma and saliva GDF15 were correlated with neurological symptoms, fatigue, and functional capacity. Importantly, stress-evoked GDF15 levels did not yield noisier associations with disease severity, but in fact consistently increased the effects sizes for the GDF15-symptoms connection, pointing to converging biology for mental stress and OxPhos defects. These results open the door to exploring saliva GDF15 as a non-invasive monitoring approach for mitochondrial diseases, calling for further studies examining the psychobiological processes linking mitochondria and GDF15 biology.
Simple and smart – Promoting consumers’ willingness to consume expired but still edible food through an informational intervention
Authors: Schmidt Karolin
Published: December 2024

In order to curb household food waste in industrialized countries such as Germany, appropriate interventions are needed to encourage consumers to adopt various food-waste-prevention practices, for example, with respect to expired food. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of an informational intervention (about the environmental consequences of household food waste and typical periods of edibility for various foods) on consumers’ willingness to consume and offer expired but still edible food to others. We conducted an online survey in a sample of German consumers (N = 558). For the survey, participants were randomly assigned to an experimental group (EG, which was given the informational intervention) or a control group (CG, which was given a placebo informational intervention). In line with our expectations, we found that EG participants reported lower perceived health risks as well as stronger personal norms for the consumption of expired but still edible food than CG participants did. Furthermore, EG participants were significantly more willing to consume and to offer expired but still edible food to others in a hypothetical food-choice experiment than CG participants were. Taken together, the present study provides valuable insights for an intervention designed to prevent household food waste by focusing on relevant consumption practices and going beyond a consumer-focused intervention perspective.
How you identify determines who you identify: The implications of the choice of talent measures, norms, cut-offs, and combination rules on the academic profile and diversity of students identified as gifted
Authors: Long Daniel A. , Peters Scott , McCoach D. Betsy , Gambino Anthony J.
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the impact of variation in gifted student identification systems on the size, equity, and academic profiles of identified students. Utilizing data from 40,834 students across 519 elementary schools in seven districts, we modeled 64 hypothetical systems, focusing on measures (ability test scores, cognitive scores, and teacher ratings), norms (district and building), cut-off levels (5% and 10%), and data point combinations. Findings reveal that OR rules and teacher rating scales significantly increase identification rates among traditionally underrepresented groups. However, these methods lead to a gifted population with more varied abilities and lower average achievement. Also, different rules with similar average characteristics often identify markedly different student groups. No single identification system achieved complete equity in identifying gifted students from underserved racial/ethnic backgrounds or low-income families. This study provides practitioners guidance on the implications of different identification systems and an online tool to examine differences ( https://id-app.shinyapps.io/id_shiny_app/).
Evaluation of Vegetation Bias in InSAR Time Series for Agricultural Areas within the San Joaquin Valley, CA
Authors: Devlin Kelly , Lohman Rowena
Published: December 2024

Agricultural regions present a particularly difficult set of challenges during interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) displacement time series analyses due to the existence of abrupt transitions in land use over short spatial scales and rapid temporal changes associated with different stages of the agricultural cycle. Plant growth and soil moisture changes can introduce phase biases within interferograms that could be misinterpreted as displacement. We analyze a full-resolution, multi-year SAR time series over California's San Joaquin Valley, an intensively cultivated region producing a wide variety of crops. Using independent information about land cover and crop type, we isolate the effects of individual crops on backscatter amplitude, interferometric phase change, and interferometric coherence over space and time. We determine the temporal behavior of the phase changes associated with several key crop types by isolating the difference between the phase of pixels averaged over each agricultural field and the phase values of pixels in nearby roads, fallow, and developed areas. We find that some fields are associated with a bias of ~2-4 cm/yr of apparent subsidence, with strong seasonal variability in the degree of bias. When InSAR imagery is spatially averaged or filtered, these biases also impact the inferred phase in nearby roads and other land cover types. We show that even a simple approach, where pixels associated with agricultural fields are removed or masked out before further processing, can mitigate the crop-related biases that we observe in the study area.
Early Home-based Intervention supports Behavioral Self-Regulation in Kindergarten through Cognitive Stimulation in At-Risk Families
Authors: Rodcharoen Patsawee , Schaub Simone , Kalkusch Isabelle , Neuhauser Alex , Lanfranchi Andrea , Klaver Peter
Published: December 2024

A supportive early home environment strengthens behavioral self-regulation (B-SR) in kindergarten children from at-risk families. The current study examined the effect of early home-based Parents as Teachers (PAT) intervention, family resources, and home environment on B-SR in kindergarten children from at-risk families in urban high-income European context. The data stem from 248 children from the longitudinal project ZEPPELIN that implemented an RCT design to foster educational opportunities in families with multiple psychosocial risks (73% migrants). Early childhood family resources (economic, cultural, social) and home environment (cognitive stimulation, warmth/responsiveness, physical environment/routines) were assessed in interviews and observations through the Home Observation for Measurement of the Early Childhood Environment (HOME-EC). B-SR was measured with the Head-Toes-Knees-Shoulders (HTKS) task in the first year of kindergarten (age five). PAT showed an indirect effect on HTKS in kindergarten via cognitive stimulation, while income and maternal education also predicted HTKS. Warmth/responsiveness was neither influenced by PAT nor linked to B-SR. Physical environment/routines trended negatively with HTKS performance. We discuss the implications of the findings for early interventions through developmentally sensitive pathways and highlight meaningful interrelations between broad family resources, home environmental factors, and long-term B-SR outcomes in at-risk families.
Parents develop long-term disgust habituation, but only after weaning their children
Authors: Huang Yifan , Dalmaijer-Denning Ivo , Dalmaijer-Denning Joris , Armstrong Thomas , Dalmaijer Edwin S.
Published: December 2024

Disgust helps humans avoid potentially pathogenic substances such as bodily effluvia. This reduces illness risks, and is difficult to overcome with cognitive strategies or even through simple habituation in the short term (minutes to hours). Whether habituation emerges in the long-term (months to years) is an unsolved question. Regular professional exposure to disgust elicitors is associated with lower disgust sensitivity and avoidance, but this could be due to selection and survivorship bias. Here, we avoid these limitations by testing a sample of parents (N=99) and controls (N=50) on self-report and behavioural avoidance measures. We used parent-specific items in disgust-sensitivity questionnaires, and child-related stimuli (soiled diapers) in a preferential-looking task. While the control group showed the expected behavioural avoidance, parents of children who were past the weaning stage showed almost no avoidance of stimuli depicting child-related or general bodily effluvia. Curiously, parents whose children had not been fully weaned showed similar disgust avoidance to the control group, even if they had older children who were weaned. These results suggest that parents habituate to disgust induced by faeces in diapers, and that this had generalised to other bodily effluvia. Contrary to our expectations, parents did show disgust avoidance while their (youngest) children were fed only milk, which could point to an adaptive response to reduce the risk of illness in young infants. In sum, continuous exposure to their children’s bodily effluvia inoculates parents to disgust for bodily effluvia, but only after the sensitive milk-feeding stage.
Das Wienerische im pandemiegeprägten Alltag
Authors: Havryliv Oksana
Published: December 2024

Der Beitrag widmet sich dem Einfluss von Covid-19-Pandemie auf die Sprache und der Rolle von Sprache bei der Mitgestaltung neuer coronabedingter Realität am Beispiel des Wiener Pandemiealltags und des Wienerischen. Besonderes Augenmerk wird auf die Verwendung dialektaler Lexik in den Werbeslogans, die zum Einhalten der Pandemieregeln, zum Impfen bzw. Auffrischen einer Impfung aufrufen, gelegt. Corona-Neologismen, Stilfiguren, Phraseologismen und expressive Lexik, die in Krisenzeiten verstärkt zum Einsatz kommen, werden vorgestellt sowie Funktionen dialektaler Lexik und die Rolle des Humors erörtert.
Efficiency Analysis (Debit & Head Losses) of Centrifugal Pumps at PDAM Tirta Terubuk Bengkalis
Authors: Wondo Nasrul Hayat  , Erwen Martianis
Published: December 2024

A pump is a device used to raise liquid from a lower position to a higher position. This study analyzes the efficiency of the centrifugal pump used in the air supply system at the Tirta Terukalis Bengkalis Water Supply Company (PDAM). The main focus of the analysis is on the parameters of water discharge, head losses, and centrifugal pump efficiency. This analysis was carried out at PDAM Tirta Terubuk Bengkalis. The data used in this study include the results of an airflow rate of 0.0073 m3/s, a pressure loss of 11 m, and a pump efficiency of 73%. The results of the study revealed that the water discharge was 0.0073 m3/s and the loss stress was 11 m, the pump efficiency reached 73%. This study provides insight into the performance of centrifugal pumps in certain situations in PDAM Bengkalis.
Optimization of Heating Time for Natural Rubber Motorcycle Inner Tire Patches
Authors: Sulaiman Zaid , Bagas Akbar Gumelar  , Lazuardi Akmal Islami  , Muhammad Bagas Ananda
Published: December 2024

Tires have the main function of the vehicle to sustain the strength of the vehicle. Damage to tires that often occurs is punctured and broken. One way to repair it is by patching the inner tube. The purpose of this study was to find out the optimal heating time when patching tires. Tires are said to have optimal strength when they have strong adhesion and have no defects when given air pressure. The sample preparation method used is conventional tire patching. The tests carried out were adhesive testing, macro testing, FTIR testing, and thickness testing. The inner tube used is natural rubber. The test results show that the heating time of 15 minutes has the highest adhesive strength and the bond between the tire patch and the patch glue is well connected. However, the longer the heating time, the thinner the inner tube becomes. The thinner the inner tube causes the "swelling" defect in the inner tube when the inner tube is given air. The results of the FTIR test show that the rubber glue patches are natural rubber materials. So that the adhesion that occurs this time is the relationship between natural rubber and natural rubber