bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Landsat 8 and 9 Underfly International Surface Reflectance Validation Collaboration
Authors: Mann Joshua , Maddox Emily , Shrestha Mahesh , Irwin Jeffrey , Czapla-Myers Jeffrey , Gerace Aaron , Rehman Eon , Raqueno Nina , Coburn Craig , Byrne Guy , Broomhall Mark , Walsh Andrew
Published: April 2024

During the launch and path to its final orbit, the Landsat 9 satellite performed a once in a mission lifetime maneuver as it passed beneath Landsat 8, resulting in near coincident data collection. This maneuver provided ground validation teams from across the globe the opportunity of collecting surface in situ data to compare directly to Landsat 8 and Landsat 9 data. Ground validation teams identified surface targets that would yield reflectance and/or thermal values that could be used in Landsat Level 2 product validation and set out to collect at these locations using surface validation methodologies the teams developed. The values were collected from each team and compared directly with each other across each of the different bands of both Landsat 8 and 9. The results proved consistency across the Landsat 8 and 9 platforms and also agreed well in surface reflectance underestimation of the Coastal Aerosol, Blue, and SWIR2 bands.
A Novel Approach to Raman Distributed Temperature-Sensing System for Short-Range Applications
Authors: Pieracci Augusto , Nanni Jacopo , Tartarini Giovanni , Lanzoni Massimo
Published: April 2024

A novel approach to the development of Distributed Temperature-Sensing (DTS) systems based on Raman Scattering in Multimode optical fibers operating at around 800 nm is presented, focusing on applications requiring temperature profile measurement in the range of a few hundreds of meters. In contrast to the standard Raman DTS systems, which aim to shorten the pulse space width as much as possible to improve the precision of measurement, the novel approach studied in this work is based on the use of pulses with a space width that is approximately equal to the distance covered by the fiber under test. The proposed technique relies on numerical post-processing to obtain the temperature profile measurement with a precision of about ±3 °C and a spatial resolution of 8 m, due to the transaction phases of the optical pulses. This solution simplifies the electronic circuit development, also minimizing the required laser peak power needed compared to the typical narrow pulse techniques.
Multi-Sensor Image and Range-Based Techniques for the Geometric Documentation and the Photorealistic 3D Modeling of Complex Architectural Monuments
Authors: Tsiachta Alexandra , Argyrou Panagiotis , Tsougas Ioannis , Kladou Maria , Ravanidis Panagiotis , Kaimaris Dimitris , Georgiadis Charalampos , Georgoula Olga , Patias Petros
Published: April 2024

The selection of the optimal methodology for the 3D geometric documentation of cultural heritage is a subject of high concern in contemporary scientific research. As a matter of fact, it requires a multi-source data acquisition process and the fusion of datasets from different sensors. This paper aims to demonstrate the workflow for the proper implementation and integration of geodetic, photogrammetric and laser scanning techniques so that high-quality photorealistic 3D models and other documentation products can be generated for a complicated, large-dimensional architectural monument and its surroundings. As a case study, we present the monitoring of the Mehmet Bey Mosque, which is a landmark in the city of Serres and a significant remaining sample of the Ottoman architecture in Greece. The surveying campaign was conducted in the context of the 2022–2023 annual workshop of the Interdepartmental Program of Postgraduate Studies “Protection Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Monuments” of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, and it served as a geometric background for interdisciplinary cooperation and decision-making on the monument restoration process. The results of our study encourage the fusion of terrestrial laser scanning and photogrammetric datasets for the 3D modeling of the mosque, as they supplement each other as regards geometry and texture.
A Lightweight and Affordable Wearable Haptic Controller for Robot-Assisted Microsurgery
Authors: Guo Xiaoqing , McFall Finn , Jiang Peiyang , Liu Jindong , Lepora Nathan , Zhang Dandan
Published: April 2024

In robot-assisted microsurgery (RAMS), surgeons often face the challenge of operating with minimal feedback, particularly lacking in haptic feedback. However, most traditional desktop haptic devices have restricted operational areas and limited dexterity. This report describes a novel, lightweight, and low-budget wearable haptic controller for teleoperated microsurgical robotic systems. We designed a wearable haptic interface entirely made using off-the-shelf material-PolyJet Photopolymer, fabricated using liquid and solid hybrid 3D co-printing technology. This interface was designed to resemble human soft tissues and can be wrapped around the fingertips, offering direct contact feedback to the operator. We also demonstrated that the device can be easily integrated with our motion tracking system for remote microsurgery. Two motion tracking methods, marker-based and marker-less, were compared in trajectory-tracking experiments at different depths to find the most effective motion tracking method for our RAMS system. The results indicate that within the 4 to 8 cm tracking range, the marker-based method achieved exceptional detection rates. Furthermore, the performance of three fusion algorithms was compared to establish the unscented Kalman filter as the most accurate and reliable. The effectiveness of the wearable haptic controller was evaluated through user studies focusing on the usefulness of haptic feedback. The results revealed that haptic feedback significantly enhances depth perception for operators during teleoperated RAMS.
Resilient Event-Based Fuzzy Fault Detection for DC Microgrids in Finite-Frequency Domain against DoS Attacks
Authors: Ma Bowen , Lu Qing , Gu Zhou
Published: April 2024

This paper addresses the problem of fault detection in DC microgrids in the presence of denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. To deal with the nonlinear term in DC microgrids, a Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) model is employed. In contrast to the conventional approach of utilizing current sampling data in the traditional event-triggered mechanism (ETM), a novel integrated ETM employs historical information from measured data. This innovative strategy mitigates the generation of additional triggering packets resulting from random perturbations, thus reducing redundant transmission data. Under the assumption of faults occurring within a finite-frequency domain, a resilient event-based H−/H∞ fault detection filter (FDF) is designed to withstand DoS attacks. The exponential stability conditions are derived in the form of linear matrix inequalities to ensure the performance of fault detected systems. Finally, the simulation results are presented, demonstrating that the designed FDF effectively detects finite-frequency faults in time even under DoS attacks. Furthermore, the FDF exhibits superior fault detection sensitivity compared to the conventional H∞ method, thus confirming the efficacy of the proposed approach. Additionally, it is observed that a trade-off exists between fault detection performance and the data releasing rate (DRR).
Evaluation of Low-Cost CO2 Sensors Using Reference Instruments and Standard Gases for Indoor Use
Authors: Cai Qixiang , Han Pengfei , Pan Guang , Xu Chi , Yang Xiaoyu , Xu Honghui , Ruan Dongde , Zeng Ning
Published: April 2024

CO2 monitoring is important for carbon emission evaluation. Low-cost and medium-precision sensors (LCSs) have become an exploratory direction for CO2 observation under complex emission conditions in cities. Here, we used a calibration method that improved the accuracy of SenseAir K30 CO2 sensors from ±30 ppm to 0.7–4.0 ppm for a CO2-monitoring instrument named the SENSE-IAP, which has been used in several cities, such as in Beijing, Jinan, Fuzhou, Hangzhou, and Wuhan, in China since 2017. We conducted monthly to yearly synchronous observations using the SENSE-IAP along with reference instruments (Picarro) and standard gas to evaluate the performance of the LCSs for indoor use with relatively stable environments. The results show that the precision and accuracy of the SENSE-IAP compared to the standard gases were rather good in relatively stable indoor environments, with the short-term (daily scale) biases ranging from −0.9 to 0.2 ppm, the root mean square errors (RMSE) ranging from 0.7 to 1.6 ppm, the long-term (monthly scale) bias ranging from −1.6 to 0.5 ppm, and the RMSE ranging from 1.3 to 3.2 ppm. The accuracy of the synchronous observations with Picarro was in the same magnitude, with an RMSE of 2.0–3.0 ppm. According to our evaluation, standard instruments or reliable standard gases can be used as a reference to improve the accuracy of the SENSE-IAP. If calibrated daily using standard gases, the bias of the SENSE-IAP can be maintained within 1.0 ppm. If the standard gases are hard to access frequently, we recommend a calibration frequency of at least three months to maintain an accuracy within 3 ppm.
Liquefied Petroleum Gas Access and Consumption Expenditure: Measuring Energy Poverty through Wellbeing and Gender Equality in India
Authors: Singh Bahi Dhilanveer Teja , Paavola Jouni
Published: April 2024

Despite fast electrification in India, many communities still suffer from the direct and indirect effects of energy poverty. We investigate whether access to liquified petroleum gas (LPG) and consumption expenditure can be used as measures of energy poverty in India, with a particular focus on gender equality. A district-level, quantitative analysis of household survey data was performed for the energy-poor states of Bihar, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal. Wellbeing and gender equality indices were constructed from contextually relevant indicators, whilst LPG access was considered in terms of physical access, affordability, and awareness. Levels of consumption expenditure were considered based on the updated urban poverty line for India. We found that LPG access and consumption expenditure do not have a significant relationship with wellbeing or gender equality. The result indicates that the traditional economic approach of using consumption expenditure cannot capture the multidimensionality of energy poverty. This has significant implications as it challenges the status quo of energy poverty measurement. The research also adds value to existing arguments that electricity access cannot be used as a sole indicator of energy poverty, by extending the argument to access to a modern cooking fuel. LPG access was, however, strongly associated with the education of women on the health effects of smoke. Consumption expenditure is also strongly associated with female property ownership, which calls for future research on this novel relationship.
The Impact of Digital Orientation on New Product Development Performance: Does Knowledge Intensity Matter?
Authors: Zheng Xiaoyong
Published: April 2024

Digital orientation has become increasingly crucial for driving business success, but its impact on new product development (NPD) has not been fully explored in the existing literature. To address this gap, this paper draws upon dynamic capability theory to examine the relationship between digital orientation and NPD performance, as well as to elucidate the mechanism through which the former affects the latter. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis and partial least-square structure equation modeling are employed to analyze the data of 175 Chinese firms. The results indicate that digital orientation has a positive impact on NPD performance. Exploitation capability, exploration capability, and exploitation–exploration ambidexterity capability play partial mediating roles in the connection between digital orientation and NPD performance. Moreover, knowledge intensity exerts positive moderating effects on the relationships between digital orientation and exploitation, exploration, and exploitation–exploration ambidexterity capabilities.
Optimization Decision Study of Business Smart Building Clusters Considering Shared Energy Storage
Authors: Zhao Wenhui , Xu Shuting , Guo Peng
Published: April 2024

Smart buildings have a large number of dispatchable resources, both for power production and consumption functions, and the energy consumption of intelligent building clusters has a good complementary and interactive relationship, which can better promote the local consumption of distributed energy. In order to realize the goal of “dual-carbon” and promote the construction of a new power system mainly based on renewable energy, this paper takes the Business Smart Building (BSB) cluster with photovoltaic (PV) power generation as the research object. A peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading model with shared energy storage (SES) for BSBs is constructed, and the potential risk of the stochastic volatility of photovoltaic power generation to BSBs is evaluated using conditional value-at-risk (CVaR). Finally, the optimal strategy for P2P energy sharing among BSBs is obtained by distributed solving using the alternating direction multiplier method (ADMM). The results show that the proposed model can minimize the operating cost of the multi-BSB alliance and realize win–win benefits for building users and shared energy storage operators. Meanwhile, the proposed CVaR gives a trade-off between benefits and risks, which can satisfy the needs of decision-makers with different risk preferences in making decisions.
New Life in the Countryside: Conservation and Sustainability of Vernacular Architectural Facade Characteristics in the Jiangnan Region, China
Authors: Han Pingyi , Hu Shenjian , Xu Rui
Published: April 2024

The facade form of vernacular architecture is an outward manifestation of the building structure, which can easily give people an intuitive impression of the building. Most of the existing studies focus on analyzing the construction process and building materials of vernacular architecture in detail, but there are few studies on the characteristic elements in the form of architectural facades. The main objective of this study is to propose a new methodology for objectively analyzing the morphological characteristics of architectural facades with complex networks to support the sustainable development of vernacular architecture. The results of the study show that the vernacular architectural facades in the Jiangnan region are characterized by the richness of details and distinctive layers and that the formal elements that can show the regional characteristics are preserved in the process of the sustainable development of vernacular architecture. The most crucial part of this is the roof shape, followed by the simplification of the detailing and how the vertical form elements are laid out horizontally. The article addresses the protection and continuity of vernacular architectural facade characteristics and proposes a strategic plan to strengthen the vernacular architectural facade characteristics in the Jiangnan region, aiming to protect the traditional characteristics and continue the traditional culture.
Study on Ecological Mini-Aggregations Based on Polymer Composite Materials
Authors: Lai Haoqiang , Zhou Cuiying , Liu Zhen
Published: April 2024

In order to explore an efficient slope soil ecological restoration method that is environmentally friendly and conducive to plant growth, this paper conducted a study on ecological aggregations based on polymer composite materials. This paper developed ecological mini-aggregations, including ecological mini-clusters and ecological mini-bags, which can be used for the restoration of slopes with different steepnesses and surfaces. The developed materials are environmentally friendly and have good ecological performance. To study the mechanical stability, erosion resistance, and ecological performance of the ecological mini-aggregations, we conducted laboratory erosion resistance stability tests, shear strength tests, and plant growth tests, and variance analysis of the test result data was conducted to reveal the effects and laws of the aggregation materials. The results show that the mechanical stability of ecological mini-aggregations is strong, the erosion resistance is high, and the ecological performance is favorable. The performance is sufficient for slope soil ecological restoration, and there is an optimal material ratio for the addition of materials to ecological mini-aggregations. The above research revealed the mechanism controlling polymer composite materials in the development of ecological mini-aggregations; these materials can be included to create ecological mini-aggregations that exhibit strong erosion resistance stability and ecological performance. These research results can provide new technical means for the efficient ecological restoration of slopes.
Electric Vehicle Routing Problem with States of Charging Stations
Authors: Kim Gitae
Published: April 2024

This paper proposes an electric vehicle routing problem, considers the states of charging stations and suggests solution strategies. The charging of electric vehicles is a main issue in the field of electric vehicle routing. There are many studies that find the locations of charging stations, recharging functions for the batteries of vehicles, and so on. However, the state of charging stations significantly affects the routes of electric vehicles, which is not much explored. The states may include open or closed charging stations, occupied or empty charging slots, and so on. This paper investigates how the states of charging stations are estimated and how routing strategies are determined. We formulate a mixed integer programming model and suggest how to solve the problem with an exact method. Numerical examples provide the optimal routing strategies of electric vehicles for the changing environments regarding the states of charging stations.
How Gamified Interactions Drive Users’ Green Value Co-Creation Behaviors: An Empirical Study from China
Authors: Lu Xinyuan , Ren Fangfang , Wang Xuelin , Meng Hua
Published: April 2024

To achieve the “double carbon” goal, green value co-creation has been paid more and more attention. However, the role of users in green value co-creation, which is a vital aspect, could be overlooked. Understanding the internal mechanism between gamified interactions and users’ green value co-creation behaviors is crucial to motivating users’ green value co-creation behaviors. This study collected data from 410 Ant Forest users by adopting a questionnaire survey. Subsequently, this study investigated the influence mechanism of gamified interactions on users’ green value co-creation behaviors. The findings demonstrate that interactivity, cooperation, and competition are gamified interactions that positively affect users’ green value co-creation behaviors. Emotional energy acts as a mediator between gamified interactions and users’ green value co-creation behaviors. No relational distance was found to moderate the effect of gamified interactions on emotional energy. This study contributes to the current understanding of the relationship between gamified interactions and users’ green value co-creation behaviors within the “double carbon” context. Furthermore, it offers theoretical guidance for Internet enterprises to enhance users’ green value co-creation behaviors through gamified interactions.
Environmental Assessment of Pig Manure Treatment Systems through Life Cycle Assessment: A Mini-Review
Authors: Ferreira José , Santos Lenise , Ferreira Miguel , Ferreira António , Domingos Idalina
Published: April 2024

The primary aim of this research was to evaluate and compare the environmental impacts, throughout the life cycle, of the main treatment systems employed by the industry, as well as to identify the processes that contribute most to these environmental impacts. To achieve this, a bibliographical search was conducted using the Web of Science Core Collection database platform, utilizing the keywords “life cycle assessment”, “pig”, “treatment”, and “manure” or “slurry”. The search was restricted to publications from the last five years (2019–2023), resulting in a total of 66 publications that were then analyzed according to the functional unit (FU) adopted. For the 10 publications whose FUs were expressed in tons or cubic meters of treated manure, a descriptive and quantitative analysis was carried out. It was found that anaerobic digestion has been the most widely used treatment technology for pig manure over the past five years, according to the LCA methodology. These systems, configured as biogas and biofertilizer production facilities, have proven to be environmentally friendly and could play a crucial role in the energy transition and decarbonization of the energy matrix.
Microcalorimetry Techniques for Studying Interactions at Solid–Liquid Interface: A Review
Authors: Hu Heshu , Wu Jiazhong , Zhang Minghui
Published: April 2024

Solid–liquid interfacial phenomena play an essential role in our everyday lives and are often regarded as the outcome of interactions at the solid–liquid interface. However, the intricately intrinsic mechanism underlying interfacial interactions renders in situ simulations and direct measurements challenging. As an effective analytic method for studying solid–liquid interfacial interactions, microcalorimetry can provide the most basic thermodynamic information (including changes in enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy during solid–liquid binding/separation processes), which is extremely crucial for understanding interaction directionality and limitation. This review is dedicated to highlighting the pivotal role of microcalorimetry in studying solid–liquid immersion and adsorption processes. Specifically, we provide an overview of the commonly employed microcalorimetric methods, including differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), and immersion microcalorimetry (IM), and delve into the influence factors of enthalpy change, and finally discuss the specific applications of microcalorimetry in studying various solid–liquid binding processes. There remains a vast expanse of thermodynamic information regarding solid–liquid interactions that await exploration via calorimetry.
Some Examples of Bacterial Toxins as Tools
Authors: Schmidt Gudula
Published: April 2024

Pathogenic bacteria produce diverse protein toxins to disturb the host’s defenses. This includes the opening of epithelial barriers to establish bacterial growth in deeper tissues of the host and to modulate immune cell functions. To achieve this, many toxins share the ability to enter mammalian cells, where they catalyze the modification of cellular proteins. The enzymatic activity is diverse and ranges from ribosyl- or glycosyl-transferase activity, the deamidation of proteins, and adenylate-cyclase activity to proteolytic cleavage. Protein toxins are highly active enzymes often with tight specificity for an intracellular protein or a protein family coupled with the intrinsic capability of entering mammalian cells. A broad understanding of their molecular mechanisms established bacterial toxins as powerful tools for cell biology. Both the enzymatic part and the pore-forming/protein transport capacity are currently used as tools engineered to study signaling pathways or to transport cargo like labeled compounds, nucleic acids, peptides, or proteins directly into the cytosol. Using several representative examples, this review is intended to provide a short overview of the state of the art in the use of bacterial toxins or parts thereof as tools.
Prevention of Malaria in Pregnant Women and Its Effects on Maternal and Child Health, the Case of Centre Hospitalier de Kingasani II in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Kabalu Tshiongo Japhet , Zola Matuvanga Trésor , Mitashi Patrick , Maketa Vivi , Schallig Henk D. F. H. , Mens Petra F. , Muhindo Mavoko Hypolite , Matangila Rika Junior
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to evaluate scientific evidence of the benefit of the use of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and Intermittent preventive treatment (IPT) on the birth weight of newborns and the hemoglobin level of the mother when used to prevent malaria during pregnancy. This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 467 hospitalized women in the Maternity Ward of Centre Hospitalier de Kingasani II, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire that was pre-tested during a face-to-face interview. Apart from basic statistics, the chi-square test was used to compare proportions. Multivariate analysis (logistic regression) was used to identify variables significantly associated with the 95% confidence interval (CI). The ITN ownership rate was 81% (95% CI: 77–84) and the ITN use rate was 66% (95% CI: 62–70). Sixty-five percent (95% CI: 60–69) reported having received at least three doses of IPT during pregnancy with sulfadoxine-pyramethemine (IPTp-SP). There was a statistically significant difference in hemoglobin levels between hospitalized women who did not use the ITN (9.4 g/dL IIQ: 8.7–9.9) and those who did (11 g/dL IIQ: 9.8–12.2). The non-use of the ITN was associated with low birth weight (aOR = 3.6; 95% CI: 2.1–6.2; p < 0.001) and anemia in pregnant women (cOR = 2.41; 95% CI: 1.16–5.01; p = 0.018). The use of ITN and taking at least three doses of ITP during pregnancy are associated with good birth weight. The number of doses of IPTp received during antenatal care is associated with the maternal hemoglobin level in the third trimester of pregnancy.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Hepatitis C Treatment Initiation in British Columbia, Canada: An Interrupted Time Series Study
Authors: Morrow Richard L. , Binka Mawuena , Li Julia , Irvine Mike , Bartlett Sofia R. , Wong Stanley , Jeong Dahn , Makuza Jean Damascene , Wong Jason , Yu Amanda , Krajden Mel , Janjua Naveed Zafar
Published: April 2024

We investigated the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on hepatitis C (HCV) treatment initiation, including by birth cohort and injection drug use status, in British Columbia (BC), Canada. Using population data from the BC COVID-19 Cohort, we conducted interrupted time series analyses, estimating changes in HCV treatment initiation following the introduction of pandemic-related policies in March 2020. The study included a pre-policy period (April 2018 to March 2020) and three follow-up periods (April to December 2020, January to December 2021, and January to December 2022). The level of HCV treatment initiation decreased by 26% in April 2020 (rate ratio 0.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.60 to 0.91). Overall, no statistically significant difference in HCV treatment initiation occurred over the 2020 and 2021 post-policy periods, and an increase of 34.4% (95% CI 0.6 to 75.8) occurred in 2022 (equating to 321 additional people initiating treatment), relative to expectation. Decreases in HCV treatment initiation occurred in 2020 for people born between 1965 and 1974 (25.5%) and people who inject drugs (24.5%), relative to expectation. In summary, the pandemic was associated with short-term disruptions in HCV treatment initiation in BC, which were greater for people born 1965 to 1974 and people who inject drugs.
Vaccine Hesitancy among Immigrants: A Narrative Review of Challenges, Opportunities, and Lessons Learned
Authors: Wong Jason , Lao Crystal , Dino Giancarlo , Donyaei Roujina , Lui Rachel , Huynh Jennie
Published: April 2024

(1) Background: Vaccination reluctance is a major worldwide public health concern as it poses threats of disease outbreaks and strains on healthcare systems. While some studies have examined vaccine uptake within specific countries, few provide an overview of the barriers and trends among migrant groups. To fill this knowledge gap, this narrative review analyzes immunization patterns and vaccine hesitancy among immigrant populations. (2) Methods: Four researchers independently evaluated the quality and bias risk of the 18 identified articles using validated critical appraisal tools. (3) Results: Most studies focused on vaccine hesitancy among migrants in the United States and Canada, with a higher COVID-19 vaccine reluctance than native-born residents. Contributing factors to this hesitancy include demographics, cultural views, obstacles to healthcare access, financial hardship, and distrust in health policies. Additionally, immigrants in North America and Europe face unfair vaccine challenges due to misinformation, safety concerns, personal perspectives, language barriers, immigration status, and restricted healthcare access. (4) Conclusions: Tailored vaccine education programs and outreach campaigns sensitive to immigrants’ diversity should be developed to address this issue. It is also important to investigate community-specific obstacles and assess the long-term sustainability of current efforts to promote vaccination among marginalized migrant groups. Further research into global immunization disparities among immigrant populations is crucial.
Temporal Changes in Water and Sediment Discharges: Impacts of Climate Change and Human Activities in the Red River Basin (1958–2021) with Projections up to 2100
Authors: Nguyen Quang Hao , Tran Vinh Ngoc
Published: April 2024

The present study examined temporal variations in water and sediment discharges in the Red River basin from 1958 to 2021 resulting from climate change and anthropogenic factors, with projections extended to 2100. The 64-year observational period was divided into five distinct stages: 1958–1971 (Stage I: natural conditions); 1972–1988 (Stage II: onset of human activities); 1989–2010 (Stage III: post Hoa Binh dam construction); 2011–2016 (Stage IV: series of new dam constructions); and 2017–2021 (Stage V: combined effects of human activities and climate change). Attribution analysis revealed that human activities accounted for 62% and 92% of the dramatic declines in sediment loads in Stages III and IV, respectively. Projection results of fluvial sediment loads over an approximate 150-year timeframe (1958–2100) indicate an overriding impact from human activities. Climate change projections based on four scenarios (−5%, +5%, +10%, and +15% change per year) suggest associated decreases or increases in river flows. This study predicts that projected 21st century increases in river flow attributable to climate change will offset up to eight percent of the human-induced sediment load deficit.
An Analysis of Society’s Willingness to Restore the Aquatic Environment in Romania
Authors: Diaconu Daniel Constantin , Ardelean Andreea , Toma Florentina , Diaconu Dragoș Cristian , Gruia Andrei Rafael , Peptenatu Daniel
Published: April 2024

Anthropogenic pressure on water resources is affecting aquatic systems, requiring ecological analysis and restoration. This study proposes a new approach to assessing public perceptions of these activities. The methodology used is based on a structured questionnaire that looks at the general perception of the research topic, the economic readiness for community involvement and the identification of institutional mechanisms to implement river restoration measures. We used random sampling, guaranteeing results with a margin of error of 4.33%. The results show that the public and practitioners have different perspectives, and this can influence river restoration solutions, as they will contribute to a change in the way that longitudinally connected river restoration solutions are designed and implemented.
PortLaneNet: A Scene-Aware Model for Robust Lane Detection in Container Terminal Environments
Authors: Ye Haixiong , Kang Zhichao , Zhou Yue , Zhang Chenhe , Wang Wei , Zhang Xiliang
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we introduce PortLaneNet, an optimized lane detection model specifically designed for the unique challenges of enclosed container terminal environments. Unlike conventional lane detection scenarios, this model addresses complexities such as intricate ground markings, tire crane lane lines, and various types of regional lines that significantly complicate detection tasks. Our approach includes the novel Scene Prior Perception Module, which leverages pre-training to provide essential prior information for more accurate lane detection. This module capitalizes on the enclosed nature of container terminals, where images from similar area scenes offer effective prior knowledge to enhance detection accuracy. Additionally, our model significantly improves understanding by integrating both high- and low-level image features through attention mechanisms, focusing on the critical components of lane detection. Through rigorous experimentation, PortLaneNet has demonstrated superior performance in port environments, outperforming traditional lane detection methods. The results confirm the effectiveness and superiority of our model in addressing the complex challenges of lane detection in such specific settings. Our work provides a valuable reference for solving lane detection issues in specialized environments and proposes new ideas and directions for future research.
A Review of Brain-Inspired Cognition and Navigation Technology for Mobile Robots
Authors: Bai Yanan , Shao Shiliang , Zhang Jin , Zhao Xianzhe , Fang Chuxi , Wang Ting , Wang Yongliang , Zhao Hai
Published: April 2024

Brain-inspired navigation technologies combine environmental perception, spatial cognition, and target navigation to create a comprehensive navigation research system. Researchers have used various sensors to gather environmental data and enhance environmental perception using multimodal information fusion. In spatial cognition, a neural network model is used to simulate the navigation mechanism of the animal brain and to construct an environmental cognition map. However, existing models face challenges in achieving high navigation success rate and efficiency. In addition, the limited incorporation of navigation mechanisms borrowed from animal brains necessitates further exploration. On the basis of the brain-inspired navigation process, this paper launched a systematic study on brain-inspired environment perception, brain-inspired spatial cognition, and goal-based navigation in brain-inspired navigation, which provides a new classification of brain-inspired cognition and navigation techniques and a theoretical basis for subsequent experimental studies. In the future, brain-inspired navigation technology should learn from more perfect brain-inspired mechanisms to improve its generalization ability and be simultaneously applied to large-scale distributed intelligent body cluster navigation. The multidisciplinary nature of brain-inspired navigation technology presents challenges, and multidisciplinary scholars must cooperate to promote the development of this technology.
EVALUATING ISSUES OF THE REGIONS’ ECONOMIC SECURITY IN A CRISIS
Authors:   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Галиева Г. Ф. , Шлеенко А. В. ,   Southwest State University, Kursk, Russia, Губернаторова Н. Н. ,   Kaluga Branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Kaluga, Russia, Рощектаева У. Ю. ,   Krasnodar Branch of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Krasnodar, Russia
Published: April 2024

The article aims to study issues of regional development in Russia during a crisis, as well as to design and test a method for examining issues of economic security in a region. A theory on evaluating the social and economic development of Russian regions based on the assessment of the economic security level was reviewed, and the most outstanding methods proposed by the Russian academics were considered. The authors introduced their own method for conducting such evaluation based on the index approach. Three groups of indicators were identified and included economic, social, and indicators of the population’s life quality. These indicators were assessed as individual indexes and grouped into a consolidated index of the economic security level. In addition, the authors suggested combining regions in clusters according to the obtained index values. The method was tested in the Russian regions from 2016 to 2021. As a result, 11 regions were recognized as having low economic indexes. It is recommended to focus mainly on increasing the level of economic security in these regions. The target group of regions with the highest values of indexes was determined.
ANALYZING MIGRATION FACTORS DURING SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL INSTABILITY
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Kaluga Branch, Kaluga, Russia, Пономарев С. В. , Лубова Т. Н. ,   Bashkir State Agrarian University, Ufa, Russia, Конищев Е. В. ,   Moscow University for Industry and Finance “Synergy”, Moscow, Russia, Плеханова Е. О. ,   Moscow University for Industry and Finance “Synergy”, Moscow, Russia
Published: April 2024

The burning issues in Russian society, such as population aging and labor shortages, require leveling by searching for state policy tools. The study aims to determine migration patterns in Russia from 2015 to 2021, as well as to form a set of state policy measures for maintaining migration growth as a tool to achieve socio-economic and demographic effects for the national economy. The objectives of the study are to analyze migration processes in 2011‒2021, classify the factors causing the imbalance in migration processes in Russia, and substantiate measures to maintain migration growth in Russia amid increasing socio-economic and political instability. The study was conducted using the following methods: economic analysis, comparative analysis, graph method, systematization, and systematic approach. The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the development of migration processes in Russia from 2011 to 2021, which emphasizes the importance of managing migration processes in addressing burning issues in Russian society. The dynamics of the migration growth of the Russian population over a ten-year period have been studied, the points of highest decline have been identified, and the causes for their existence have been revealed. The features of international migration are investigated. It is concluded that the potential of foreign migration movements to fill the labor shortage in Russia is decreasing. Positive and negative trends in the domestic population movement in Russia have been identified. The vectors of migration process management are substantiated in order to eliminate the existing issues in terms of demography, labor market functioning, and the rise in social conflict. The study’s findings lead to the conclusion that it is necessary to maintain the population migration growth, especially during times of increasing political tension, as well as to attract qualified specialists to Russia to address the issues of natural population loss and to fill the labor shortage.
THE BEGINNING AND DYNAMICS OF CRIMINAL JARGON IN THE PROFESSIONAL CRIMINAL ENVIRONMENT OF PRE-REVOLUTIONARY RUSSIA
Authors:   Southwest State University, Kursk, Russia, Зарубина К. А.
Published: April 2024

The subject of the study is the formation and dynamics of criminal jargon as an integral element of the criminal subculture of the professional criminal community of pre-revolutionary Russia. The study aims to analyze the peculiarities of the formation and dynamics of criminal jargon as a special social dialect of the domestic criminal environment of the pre-revolutionary period. The objectives of the study are to determine the time of the origin of criminal jargon in the criminal environment of pre-revolutionary Russia, identify the main functions of the thieves cant used by domestic criminals in the period under review, and analyze the development of criminal jargon as an integral element of the criminal subculture in various chronological periods. The methodological base of the study is represented by a set of general and private scientific methods, including chronological, comparative legal, formal logical, and some other research methods. It was determined that at different stages of the development of the criminal world, according to the changes in criminal jargon, different trends in the development of the criminal environment can be identified. In the 17th century, the underclass actively produced and employed criminal jargon in pre-revolutionary Russia. The secret language served such purposes as identification, communication, and conspiracy. The formation of a special thieves cant in the criminal environment of pre-revolutionary Russia is associated with the qualitative transformation of the Russian criminal world and the isolation of a community of professional criminals from the criminal environment. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, thieves became an integral part of the criminal subculture, preserving and multiplying professional criminal traditions and customs.
Desde un segundo plano: la participación de las mujeres en la Gamazada
Authors: Alvarez Berastegi Amaia
Published: April 2024

A pesar de la notable discriminación política, social y jurídica a la que se enfrentaban, miles de mujeres participaron en las protestas organizadas en 1893 y 1894 que reforzaron el derecho foral navarro. Eso sí, su participación se llevó a cabo de manera secundaria y al margen del poder político. Este artículo analiza la Gamazada desde una perspectiva de género en base a un análisis exhaustivo del libro de firmas reunidas en 1893 en contra de los planes del ministro Germán Gamazo para suprimir el régimen fiscal propio de Navarra. El libro reúne 40 391 firmas de mujeres, un 37,6 % del total de adhesiones. Firmaron un 83 % de las mujeres navarras alfabetizadas, un dato ignorado por la extensa historiografía dedicada al estudio de la Gamazada. Este artículo trata de dar respuesta a estos datos deteniéndose en varios elementos que podemos ubicar como causas movilizadoras: el feminismo internacional decimonónico, el caciquismo político y económico, y la influencia de la prensa y de la Iglesia.
A Study on the Improvement of the Nonprofit Activity Classification System in Korea
Authors:   Academy of Social Welfare and Law, Jung Jin Kyung , Lee Jong Hwa
Published: April 2024

This study was conducted to identify the problems of various public interest activity classification systems currently in use in Korea and to propose a rational improvement plan for the classification system of nonprofit public interest activities in Korea. For the research, we analyzed major domestic and international public interest activity classification systems in terms of analysis units, classification criteria, and response rules. We reviewed the advantages and disadvantages according to the classification system evaluation criteria. The public interest activity classification system proposed in this study takes 'public interest activities' performed at the level of non-profit organizations or individuals as the unit of analysis. The first essential classification criterion is the 'main activity and service area' (10 items), and the second optional classification criteria are 'main beneficiaries' (14 items), 'main spatial range' (4 items), 'main method of performance' (6 items), 'online activity status' (3 items), and 'connection with official organizations' (2 items). The classification system of this study has strengths in terms of logical consistency, exclusivity between classification items, economy, and rich combinability.
Pemanfaatan Youtube sebagai Sumber Pembelajaran untuk Mahasiswa
Authors: Damayanti Ning T. , Juliawati Mita
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Technological changes have significant impacts on the field of education. Education via YouTube has increased and has a high rating in the educational sector. Modification of the learning system through social media will become a source of student learning, including clinical tutorials. This study aimed to find out an overview of the utilization of YouTube as a learning resource for students at the Faculty of Dentistry. This was a descriptive and observational study with a cross-sectional design. Respondents were students at the Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Trisakti class of 2020-2022. Data were obtained from 261 respondents using an online questionnaire through Google form media. Data analysis were presented descriptively with frequency distribution data in the form of tables and diagrams using SPSS. The results showed that the majority of respondents (84.29%) agreed with the statement that YouTube could be an accessible source of learning material with the largest number being the class of 2021 (39.1%), followed by class of 2020 (31.8%) and class of 2022 (29.1%). In conclusion, the utilization of YouTube is important as a source of student learning, one of which is in the clinical tutorial learning process.
Keywords: YouTube; clinical tutorials; learning source; students
 
 Abstrak: Perubahan teknologi memiliki dampak yang signifikan dalam bidang pendidikan. Edukasi melalui YouTube pada bidang pendidikan mengalami peningkatan dan menduduki rating yang tinggi. Modifikasi sistem pembelajaran melalui media sosial akan menjadi sumber pembelajaran mahasiswa antara lain tutorial klinik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran penggunaan YouTube sebagai sumber pembelajaran mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi. Jenis penelitian ialah observasional deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Responden ialah mahasiswa/mahasiswi Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Trisakti Angkatan 2020-2022. Pengambilan data diperoleh dari 261 responden menggunakan kuesioner secara online dengan media Google form. Analisis data disajikan secara deskriptif dengan data distribusi frekuensi dalam bentuk tabel dan diagram menggunakan SPSS. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan mayoritas responden (84,29%) menyatakan setuju pada pernyataan YouTube dapat menjadi akses untuk sumber materi pembelajaran dengan angkatan paling banyak ialah pada angkatan tahun 2021 (39,1%), diikuti angkatan 2020 (31,8%), dan angkatan 2022 (29,1%). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah penggunaan YouTube penting sebagai sumber pembelajaran mahasiswa salah satunya dalam proses pembelajaran tutorial klinik.
Kata kunci: YouTube; tutorial klinik; media pembelajaran; mahasiswa
Implicațiile schimbărilor climatice asupra dezvoltării fitotehniei în Republica Moldova
Authors: Cimpoies Liliana , Grubleac Maria
Published: April 2024

The agricultural sector is particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change due to its direct dependence on temperature and precipitation. In the Republic of Moldova in recent years, agriculture, especially crop production, has been affected by climate change, especially droughts (once every 3-10 years). According to the State Hydrometeorological Service, the 2007 drought was one of the most severe in the country's history, affecting more than 80 percent of the area, with losses of more than $1 billion. And the drought of 2020 caused a 27.1 percent drop in global agricultural output and the loss of about 20 percent of jobs. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the current state of crop production in the Republic of Moldova under the impact of climate change. The research is based on the analysis of data provided by the National Bureau of Statistics and the State Hydrometeorological Service. The analyzed data include indicators such as the volume of global agricultural output, the harvest and productivity of some main agricultural crops, and the analysis of the influence of temperature, precipitation on these indicators. It is important to continue monitoring and adapting to climate change in the agricultural sector by implementing sustainable agricultural practices, developing climate-resistant varieties and using advanced technologies. This can ensure greater resilience and productivity to climate threats in the development of Moldova's agricultural sector.