bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A prognostic index predicting survival in transformed Waldenström macroglobulinemia
Authors: Durot Eric , Kanagaratnam Lukshe , Zanwar Saurabh , Kastritis Efstathios , D’Sa Shirley , Garcia-Sanz Ramon , Tomowiak Cécile , Hivert Bénédicte , Toussaint Elise , Protin Caroline , Abeykoon Jithma P. , Guerrero-Garcia Thomas , Itchaki Gilad , Vos Josephine M. , Michallet Anne-Sophie , Godet Sophie , Dupuis Jehan , Leprêtre Stéphane , Bomsztyk Joshua , Morel Pierre , Leblond Véronique , Treon Steven P. , Dimopoulos Meletios A. , Kapoor Prashant , Delmer Alain , Castillo Jorge J.
Published: November 2020

Histological transformation into diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is a rare complication in patients with Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) and is usually associated with a poor prognosis. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a prognostic index for survival of patients with transformed WM. Through this multicenter, international collaborative effort, we developed a scoring system based on data from 133 patients with transformed WM who were evaluated between 1995 and 2016 (training cohort). Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to propose a prognostic index with 2-year survival after transformation as an endpoint. For external validation, a dataset of 67 patients was used to evaluate the performance of the model (validation cohort). By multivariate analysis, three adverse covariates were identified as independent predictors of 2-year survival after transformation: elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase (2 points), platelet count <100x109/L (1 point) and any previous treatment for WM (1 point). Three risk groups were defined: low-risk (0-1 point, 24% of patients), intermediate-risk (2-3 points, 59%; hazard ratio = 3.4) and high-risk (4 points, 17%; hazard ratio = 7.5). Two-year survival rates were 81%, 47%, and 21%, respectively (P<0.0001). This model appeared to be a better discriminant than either the International Prognostic Index or the revised International Prognostic Index. We validated this model in an independent cohort. This easy-to-compute scoring index is a robust tool that may allow identification of groups of transformed WM patients with different outcomes and could be used for improving the development of risk-adapted treatment strategies.
Examination of anti-oxidant properties and molecular docking parameters of some compounds in human body
Authors: TÜZÜN Burak
Published: November 2020

There are many hormones and molecules in the human body. Many of these take place in different jobs and tasks. Some of these hormones are serotonin (A1), testosterone (A2), dopamine (A3), adrenaline (A4), methylcytosine (A5) and creatine (A6). The anti-oxidant properties of these molecules in both gas and water phases of the HF/6-31g(d,p) basis set were calculated with the Gaussian package program. After this process, molecular docking calculations were made to compare the activities of molecules against proteins with anti-oxidant properties whose name are human peroxiredoxin-5 (HP5) and bovine xanthine oxidase (BXO), were compared.
La juridictionnalisation du droit dans les espaces sous-régionaux en Afrique
Authors: Menetrey Séverine
Published: November 2020

RÉSUMÉ

L'importance quantitative des juridictions supranationales dans les espaces sous-régionaux en Afrique conduit à s'interroger d'une part sur l'originalité de ce « fait juridictionnel régional » et sur plus largement sur la juridictionnalisation du droit sur le Continent. Le rôle de ces juridictions supranationales mérite d'être mis en perspective avec celui des juridictions nationales pour questionner la place du pouvoir normatif des juges. L'article est une invitation à s'interroger sur la montée en puissance, sur le continent africain, d'un pouvoir judiciaire englobant les juridictions nationales et internationales.
Methodological aspects of formation of parsipative direction of medicine on example of using various types of biomaterial for COVID-19diagnosis
Authors: Denisov D. G. , Nochrin D. Yu. , Emanuel V. S. , Emanuel V. L.
Published: November 2020

The development of laboratory diagnostics is carried out not only by technological modernization, but also by the expansion of the volume of non-invasive studies with the active participation of patients in the collection of biomaterials. According to the results of the study with 68 patients the most effective verification of SARS-CoV-2 is carried out with the active participation of the patient in the collection of biomaterials. Increasing the information content of research is being developed by methods of logical analysis, which allow obtaining new knowledge about the subject area.
Multifidelity Sensitivity Study of Subsonic Wing Flutter for Hybrid Approaches in Aircraft Multidisciplinary Design and Optimisation
Authors: Berci Marco , Torrigiani Francesco
Published: November 2020

A comparative sensitivity study for the flutter instability of aircraft wings in subsonic flow is presented, using analytical models and numerical tools with different multidisciplinary approaches. The analyses build on previous elegant works and encompass parametric variations of aero-structural properties, quantifying their effect on the aeroelastic stability boundary. Differences in the multifidelity results are critically assessed from both theoretical and computational perspectives, in view of possible practical applications within airplane preliminary design and optimisation. A robust hybrid strategy is then recommended, wherein the flutter boundary is obtained using a higher-fidelity approach while the flutter sensitivity is computed adopting a lower-fidelity approach.
Is Topical Application of Hyaluronic Acid in Oral Lichen Planus Effective? A Randomized Controlled Crossover Study
Authors: Bruckmann Corinna , Seemann Rudolf , Rappersberger Klemens , Rausch-Fan Xiaohui , Haririan Hady , Dvorak Gabriella
Published: November 2020

Hyaluronic acid (HA) has anti-inflammatory and anti-edematous effects and, thus, could be promising in the treatment of oral lichen planus (OLP). The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of topical hyaluronic acid, compared to placebo, on salivary levels of calprotectin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and bacteria, as well as clinical and subjective parameters. Fourteen patients with confirmed OLP were included. After random selection, patients started with either 0.2% hyaluronic acid or a placebo gel for 6 weeks. Following a wash-out period, the groups changed the application. Whole saliva, clinical parameters, and questionnaires were evaluated before and after the intervention, as well as after the crossover phase. Salivary calprotectin, IL-6, and inflammation-related bacteria were determined by ELISA and PCR, respectively. There were no significant differences in clinical or subjective outcome parameters, salivary levels of IL-6, calprotectin, or bacteria after the application of hyaluronic acid, compared to placebo. However, only nine patients completed the study, as five out of seven patients starting with placebo were lost to follow-up. Significant effects of HA on inflammatory mediators and clinical parameters in OLP patients could not be proven, although a trend in clinical severity improvement could be observed.
Distinct Two-Stream Convolutional Networks for Human Action Recognition in Videos Using Segment-Based Temporal Modeling
Authors: Sarabu Ashok , Santra Ajit Kumar
Published: November 2020

The Two-stream convolution neural network (CNN) has proven a great success in action recognition in videos. The main idea is to train the two CNNs in order to learn spatial and temporal features separately, and two scores are combined to obtain final scores. In the literature, we observed that most of the methods use similar CNNs for two streams. In this paper, we design a two-stream CNN architecture with different CNNs for the two streams to learn spatial and temporal features. Temporal Segment Networks (TSN) is applied in order to retrieve long-range temporal features, and to differentiate the similar type of sub-action in videos. Data augmentation techniques are employed to prevent over-fitting. Advanced cross-modal pre-training is discussed and introduced to the proposed architecture in order to enhance the accuracy of action recognition. The proposed two-stream model is evaluated on two challenging action recognition datasets: HMDB-51 and UCF-101. The findings of the proposed architecture shows the significant performance increase and it outperforms the existing methods.
Intergroup ‘Skype’ Quiz Sessions in Care Homes to Reduce Loneliness and Social Isolation in Older People
Authors: Zamir Sonam , Hennessy Catherine , Taylor Adrian , Jones Ray
Published: November 2020

Video calls using software such as Skype, Zoom and FaceTime can improve socialisation among older people and family, however it is unknown if video calls are able to improve socialisation among older people and their peers. Twenty-two residents across three British care homes engaged with each other using ‘Skype quiz’ sessions with the support of staff once a month over an eight-month trial. Video calls were accessed via a ‘Skype on Wheels’ intervention that comprised a wheeled device that could hold an iPad, or through Skype TV. Residents met other residents from the three care homes to build new friendships and participate in a thirty-minute quiz session facilitated by eight staff. Staff were collaborators who recruited older people, implemented the intervention and provided feedback that was analysed using thematic analysis. Residents enjoyed being able to see other residents’ faces and surroundings. Analysis of the field notes revealed five themes of: residents with dementia remember faces not technology, inter and intra connectedness, re-gaining sense of self and purpose, situational loneliness overcome and organisational issues create barriers to long-term implementation. Inter-care home connection through video calls to reduce feelings of loneliness in residents seems acceptable and a feasible, low cost model, especially during times of public crisis such as COVID-19.
Ag-Nanostars for the Sensitive SERS Detection of Dyes in Artistic Cross-Sections—Madonna della Misericordia of the National Gallery of Parma: A Case Study
Authors: Zalaffi Maria Sole , Agostinelli Ines , Karimian Najmeh , Ugo Paolo
Published: November 2020

In historical paintings, the detection of low amounts of pigments and dyes by Raman spectroscopy can sometimes be challenging, in particular for fluorescent dyes. This issue can be overcome by using SERS (surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy) which takes advantage of the properties of nanostructured metal surfaces to quench fluorescence and enhance Raman signals. In this work, silver nanostars (AgNSs) are applied for the first time to real art samples, in particular to painting cross-sections, exploiting their effective SERS properties for pigment identification. The case study is the Madonna della Misericordia of the National Gallery of Parma (Italy). Cross-sections were analyzed at first by optical microscopy, SEM-EDS, and micro-Raman spectroscopy. Unfortunately, in some cross-sections, the application of conventional Raman spectroscopy was hindered by an intense background fluorescence. Therefore, AgNSs were deposited and used as SERS-active agent. The experimentation was successful, allowing us to identify a modern dye, namely copper phthalocyanine. This result, together with the detection of other modern pigments (titanium white) and expert visual examination, allowed to reconstruct the painting history, postdating its realization from the 15th century (according to the Gallery inventory) to 19th century with a heavy role of recent (middle 20th century) restoration interventions.
System Criticality of Road Network Areas for Emergency Management Services—Spatial Assessment Using a Tessellation Approach
Authors: Rohr Adrian , Priesmeier Peter , Tzavella Katerina , Fekete Alexander
Published: November 2020

Emergency management services, such as firefighting, rescue teams and ambulances, are all heavily reliant on road networks. However, even for highly industrialised countries such as Germany, and even for large cities, spatial planning tools are lacking for road network interruptions of emergency services. Moreover, dependencies of emergency management expand not only on roads but on many other systemic interrelations, such as blockages of bridges. The first challenge this paper addresses is the development of a novel assessment that captures systemic interrelations of critical services and their dependencies explicitly designed to the needs of the emergency services. This aligns with a second challenge: capturing system nodes and areas around road networks and their geographical interrelation. System nodes, road links and city areas are integrated into a spatial grid of tessellated hexagons (also referred to as tiles) with geographical information systems. The hexagonal grid is designed to provide a simple map visualisation for emergency planners and fire brigades. Travel time planning is then optimised for accessing city areas in need by weighing impaired areas of past events based on operational incidents. The model is developed and tested with official incident data for the city of Cologne, Germany, and will help emergency managers to better device planning of resources based on this novel identification method of critical areas.
EAT BREATHE EXCRETE REPEAT: Physiological Responses of the Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis to Diclofenac and Ocean Acidification
Authors: Munari Marco , Matozzo Valerio , Riedl Verena , Pastore Paolo , Badocco Denis , Marin Maria Gabriella
Published: November 2020

Combined effects of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac and lowered seawater pH were assessed on the physiological responses of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. Bivalves were exposed for 1 week to natural pH (8.1) and two reduced pH values (pH −0.4 units and pH −0.7 units), as predicted under a climate change scenario. After the first week, exposure continued for additional 2 weeks, both in the absence and in the presence of environmentally relevant concentrations of diclofenac (0.05 and 0.5 µg/L). Clearance rate, respiration rate, and excretion rate were measured after 7 days of exposure to pH only and after 14 (T1) and 21 (T2) days of exposure to the various pH*diclofenac combinations. At all sampling times, pH significantly affected all the biological parameters considered, whereas diclofenac generally exhibited a significant influence only at T2. Overall, results demonstrated that the physiological performance of M. galloprovincialis was strongly influenced by the experimental conditions tested, in particular by the interaction between the two stressors after 21 days of exposure. Further studies are needed to assess the combined effects of climate changes and emerging contaminants on bivalve physiology during different life stages, especially reproduction.
A New Representation of the Generalized Krätzel Function
Authors: Tassaddiq Asifa
Published: November 2020

The confluence of distributions (generalized functions) with integral transforms has become a remarkably powerful tool to address important unsolved problems. The purpose of the present study is to investigate a distributional representation of the generalized Krätzel function. Hence, a new definition of these functions is formulated over a particular set of test functions. This is validated using the classical Fourier transform. The results lead to a novel extension of Krätzel functions by introducing distributions in terms of the delta function. A new version of the generalized Krätzel integral transform emerges as a natural consequence of this research. The relationship between the Krätzel function and the H-function is also explored to study new identities.
A Note on the Characterization of Two-Dimensional Quasi-Einstein Manifolds
Authors: Bercu Gabriel
Published: November 2020

In this article, we aim to introduce new classes of two-dimensional quasi-Einstein pseudo-Riemannian manifolds with constant curvature. We also give a classification of 2D quasi-Einstein manifolds of warped product type working in local coordinates. All the results are obtained by elementary methods.
Statistical Parameters Based on Fuzzy Measures
Authors: Reche Fernando , Morales María , Salmerón Antonio
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we study the problem of defining statistical parameters when the uncertainty is expressed using a fuzzy measure. We extend the concept of monotone expectation in order to define a monotone variance and monotone moments. We also study parameters that allow the joint analysis of two functions defined over the same reference set. Finally, we propose some parameters over product spaces, considering the case in which a function over the product space is available and also the case in which such function is obtained by combining those in the marginal spaces.
A Comparative Study on the Minimal Invasiveness of Full-Endoscopic and Microendoscopic Cervical Foraminotomy Using Intraoperative Motor Evoked Potential Monitoring
Authors: Hirahata Masahiro , Kitagawa Tomoaki , Fujita Muneyoshi , Shiboi Ryutaro , Kawano Hirotaka , Iwai Hiroki , Inanami Hirohiko , Koga Hisashi
Published: November 2020

Background and Objectives: Full-endoscopic cervical foraminotomy (FECF) and microendoscopic cervical foraminotomy (MECF) are effective surgeries for cervical radiculopathy and are considered minimally invasive in terms of damage to paraspinal soft tissue. However, no studies have quantitatively compared FECF and MECF in terms of neurological invasiveness. The aim of this study was to compare the neurological invasiveness of FECF and MECF using intraoperative motor evoked potential (MEP) monitoring. Materials and Methods: A chart review was conducted of 224 patients with cervical radiculopathy who underwent FECF or MECF between April 2014 and March 2020. Patients were 37 women and 187 men, with a mean age of 51 (range, 21–86) years. FECF was performed in 143 cases and MECF was performed in 81 cases. Results: Average MEP amplitude significantly increased from 292 mV before to 677 mV after nerve root decompression in patients who underwent the FECF. The average improvement rate was 273%. In patients who underwent the MECF, average MEP amplitude significantly increased from 306 mV before to 432 mV after nerve root decompression. The average improvement rate was 130%. The improvement rate was significantly higher for FECF compared with MECF. Conclusions: MEP amplitude increased after nerve root decompression in both FECF and MECF, but the improvement rate was higher in FECF. These results suggest that FECF might be more minimally invasive than MECF in terms of neurological aspects.
Cannabidiol and Vitamin D3 Impact on Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Petrescu Nausica B. , Jurj Ancuta , Sorițău Olga , Lucaciu Ondine P. , Dirzu Noemi , Raduly Lajos , Berindan-Neagoe Ioana , Cenariu Mihai , Boșca Bianca A. , Campian Radu S. , Ilea Aranka
Published: November 2020

Background and objective: The aim of the present study was to establish a new differentiation protocol using cannabidiol (CBD) and vitamin D3 (Vit. D3) for a better and faster osteogenic differentiation of dental tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Materials and methods: MSCs were harvested from dental follicle (DFSCs), dental pulp (DPSCs), and apical papilla (APSCs) of an impacted third molar of a 17-year old patient. The stem cells were isolated and characterized using flow cytometry; reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR); and osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation. The effects of CBD and Vit. D3 on osteogenic differentiation of dental-derived stem cell were evaluated in terms of viability/metabolic activity by alamar test, expression of collagen1A, osteopontin (OP), osteocalcin (OC), and osteonectin genes and by quantification of calcium deposits by alizarin red assay. Results: Stem cell characterization revealed more typical stemness characteristics for DFSCs and DPSCs and atypical morphology and markers expression for APSCs, a phenotype that was confirmed by differences in multipotential ability. The RT-PCR quantification of bone matrix proteins expression revealed a different behavior for each cell type, APSCs having the best response for CBD. DPSCs showed the best osteogenic potential when treated with Vit. D3. Cultivation of DFSC in standard stem cell conditions induced the highest expression of osteogenic genes, suggesting the spontaneous differentiation capacity of these cells. Regarding mineralization, alizarin red assay indicated that DFSCs and APSCs were the most responsive to low doses of CBD and Vit. D3. DPSCs had the lowest mineralization levels, with a slightly better response to Vit. D3. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that DFSCs, DPSCs, and APSCs respond differently to osteoinduction stimuli and that CBD and Vit. D3 can enhance osteogenic differentiation of these types of cells under certain conditions and doses.
The Differences in Evaluation of Flotation Kinetics of Talc Ore Using Statistical Analysis and Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Marcin Michal , Sisol Martin , Kudelas Dušan , Ďuriška Igor , Holub Tomáš
Published: November 2020

This paper investigates the effect of sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) depressant/dispersant in the presence of methyl isobutyl carbinol (MIBC) frother and soluble starch (SS) depressant on the flotation kinetics of talc ore. Emphasis is on a comparison between the evaluation of a custom design of experiment (DoE) using the multilinear regression analysis (MRA) and response surface methodology (RSM) approach. Although analysis of variance (ANOVA) is a good first step in the evaluation of the effect of factors on froth flotation processing, it nonetheless only reveals the effects that are the same under all conditions. In the case of SHMP, its effect on separation efficiency is positive; however, if it is used along with SS, the effect is negative. Moreover, if a higher frother dosage is used, the effect of SHMP on separation efficiency is negligible.
“What Doesn’t Kill You Makes You Stronger”: Future Applications of Amyloid Aggregates in Biomedicine
Authors: Abdelrahman Sherin , Alghrably Mawadda , Lachowicz Joanna Izabela , Emwas Abdul-Hamid , Hauser Charlotte A. E. , Jaremko Mariusz
Published: November 2020

Amyloid proteins are linked to the pathogenesis of several diseases including Alzheimer’s disease, but at the same time a range of functional amyloids are physiologically important in humans. Although the disease pathogenies have been associated with protein aggregation, the mechanisms and factors that lead to protein aggregation are not completely understood. Paradoxically, unique characteristics of amyloids provide new opportunities for engineering innovative materials with biomedical applications. In this review, we discuss not only outstanding advances in biomedical applications of amyloid peptides, but also the mechanism of amyloid aggregation, factors affecting the process, and core sequences driving the aggregation. We aim with this review to provide a useful manual for those who engineer amyloids for innovative medicine solutions.
Synthesis of Polyheterocyclic Dimers Containing Restricted and Constrained Peptidomimetics via IMCR-Based Domino/Double CuAAC Click Strategy
Authors: Pharande Shrikant G. , Rentería-Gómez Manuel A. , Gámez-Montaño Rocío
Published: November 2020

A novel strategy via the triple process (multicomponent reactions (MCR)-domino)/tandem was developed for the synthesis of restricted and constrained bis-1,2,3-triazole-linked pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridine peptidomimetics dimers in overall yields of 20–55%. This strategy allows the construction of six heterocycles in two stages of the reaction.
Application of Functionalized DVB-co-GMA Polymeric Microspheres in the Enhanced Sorption Process of Hazardous Dyes from Dyeing Baths
Authors: Wawrzkiewicz Monika , Podkościelna Beata , Podkościelny Przemysław
Published: November 2020

Intensive development of many industries, including textile, paper, plastic or food, generate huge amounts of wastewaters containing not only toxic dyes but also harmful auxiliaries such as salts, acid, bases, surfactants, oxidants, heavy metal ions. The search for effective pollutant adsorbents is a huge challenge for scientists. Synthesis of divinylbenzene copolymer with glycidyl methacrylate functionalized with triethylenetetramine (DVB-co-GMA-TETA) resin was performed and the obtained microspheres were evaluated as a potential adsorbent for acid dye removal from dyeing effluents. The sorption capacities were equal to 142.4 mg/g for C.I. Acid Green 16 (AG16), 172 mg/g for C.I. Acid Violet 1 (AV1) and 216.3 mg/g for C.I. Acid Red 18 (AR18). Non-linear fitting of the Freundlich isotherm to experimental data was confirmed rather than the Langmuir, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich. The kinetic studies revealed that intraparticle diffusion is the rate-limiting step during dye adsorption. Auxiliaries such as Na2SO4 (5–25 g/L), CH3COOH (0.25–1.5 g/L) and anionic surfactant (0.1–0.5 g/L) present in the dyeing baths enhance the dye adsorption by the resin in most cases. Regeneration of DVB-co-GMA-TETA is possible using 1 M NaCl-50% v/v CH3OH.
Development and Validation of Stability-Indicating HPLC Methods for the Estimation of Lomefloxacin and Balofloxacin Oxidation Process under ACVA, H2O2, or KMnO4 Treatment. Kinetic Evaluation and Identification of Degradation Products by Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Żuromska-Witek Barbara , Żmudzki Paweł , Szlósarczyk Marek , Maślanka Anna , Hubicka Urszula
Published: November 2020

The oxidation of lomefloxacin (LOM) and balofloxacin (BAL) under the influence of azo initiator of radical reactions of 4,4′-azobis(4-cyanopentanoic acid) (ACVA) and H2O2 was examined. Oxidation using H2O2 was performed at room temperature while using ACVA at temperatures: 40, 50, 60 °C. Additionally, the oxidation process of BAL under the influence of KMnO4 in an acidic medium was investigated. New stability-indicating HPLC methods were developed in order to evaluate the oxidation process. Chromatographic analysis was carried out using the Kinetex 5u XB—C18 100A column, Phenomenex (Torrance, CA, USA) (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm particle size, core shell type). The chromatographic separation was achieved while using isocratic elution and a mobile phase with the composition of 0.05 M phosphate buffer (pH = 3.20 adjusted with o-phosphoric acid) and acetonitrile (87:13 v/v for LOM; 80:20 v/v for BAL). The column was maintained at 30 °C. The methods were validated according to the ICH guidelines, and it was found that they met the acceptance criteria. An oxidation process followed kinetics of the second order reaction. The most probable structures of LOM and BAL degradation products formed were assigned by the UHPLC/MS/MS method.
Mixing Ratio and Cooling Rate Dependence of Molecular Compound Formation in OPO/POP Binary Mixture
Authors: Nakanishi Kengoh , Ueno Satoru
Published: November 2020

Owing to the increasing reports of the harmful effects of trans and saturated fatty acids, the demand for trans- and saturated-fatty-acid-free oil and fat products is increasing among consumers. However, it is difficult to maintain the product stability and shape retention of such oil and fat products. As a result, there is a high demand in the processed oil and fat industry to develop solutions to such problems. Herein, we used molecular compound (MC) crystals in an attempt to find alternatives to trans and saturated fatty acids. The MCs used were 1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoyl-sn-glycerol (OPO) and 1,3-dipalmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol (POP)—the main components of lard and palm oil, respectively. We believe that OPO and POP can be used to obtain no-trans, low-saturation, and high-oleic-acid oil and fat products. Optimal conditions for efficient MC crystallization were examined by changing the oil and fat composition under rapid cooling conditions assuming industrial cooling process by using differential scanning calorimetry and synchrotron radiation time-resolved X-ray diffraction methods. It was concluded that the increase in OPO concentration destabilized MC formation, while the increase in POP concentration stabilized it under rapid cooling conditions. As a result, it was shown that MC crystals can be efficiently obtained by reducing the degree of POP supercooling.
An Approach to Paracyclophane-Based Tetrathiafulvalenes: Synthesis and Characterization of a Pseudo-Geminal [2.2]Paracyclophane 1,3-Dithia-2-Thione
Authors: Bahrin Lucian G. , Hopf Henning , Jones Peter G. , Birsa Mihail L. , Sarbu Laura G.
Published: November 2020

The synthesis of paracyclophane-based tetrathiafulvalene precursors is described in the context of the importance of these compounds in the field of material chemistry. Pseudo-geminal bis(1,3-dithia-2-thione) was synthesized via the corresponding 1,3-dithiol-2-ylium salt. The latter was obtained by a synthetic procedure that involves 4,15-bis(acetyl)[2.2]paracyclophane, a new compound of interest for many researchers.
Assessing Private Investment in African Renewable Energy Infrastructure: A Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis Approach
Authors: Baumli Kenny , Jamasb Tooraj
Published: November 2020

Energy poverty remains prevalent in many African countries, hindering economic development and exacerbating social inequalities. Simultaneously, population growth throughout the continent is expected to perpetuate the already high demand for basic energy services into the coming decades. Private sector finance is increasingly regarded as a necessary ingredient to remedy Africa’s energy challenges and to stimulate the adoption of renewable energy. However, investments remain insufficient for the burgeoning infrastructure requirements of the African economies. This paper seeks to delineate the financial and non-financial drivers of investment decisions to understand better the barriers to private participation in African renewable energy projects. Using a fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) approach, we evaluate country-level characteristics and their influence on investor decisions. Investor confidence in regulatory effectiveness is identified as the primary concern for investors. Local capacity building and policy instruments, designed to overcome institutional rigidities, are among the preferred solutions. The findings indicate that non-financial drivers contribute to understanding Africa’s private energy investment challenges.
Review on the Evaluation of the Impacts of Wastewater Disposal in Hydraulic Fracturing Industry in the United States
Authors: Yazdan Munshi Md. Shafwat , Ahad Md Tanvir , Jahan Ishrat , Mazumder Mozammel
Published: November 2020

This paper scrutinized hydraulic fracturing applications mainly in the United States with regard to both groundwater and surface water contamination with the purpose of bringing forth objective analysis of research findings. Results from previous studies are often unconvincing due to the incomplete database of chemical additives; after and before well-founded water samples to define the change in parameters; and specific sources of water pollution in a particular region. Nonetheless, there is a superior chance of both surface and groundwater contamination induced by improper and less monitored wastewater disposal and management practices. This report has documented systematic evidence for total dissolved solids, salinity, and methane contamination regarding drinking water correlated with hydraulic fracturing. Methane concentrations were found on an average rate of 19.2 mg/L, which is 17 times higher than the acceptance rate and the maximum value was recorded as 64.2 mg/L near the active hydraulic fracturing drilling and extraction zones than that of the nonactive sites (1.1 mg/L). The concentration of total dissolved solids (350 g/L) was characterized as a voluminous amount of saline wastewater, which was quite unexpectedly high. The paper concludes with plausible solutions that should be implemented to avoid further contamination.
Meslek Lisesi Öğrencilerinin Gözünden İdeal Öğretmen Özellikleri ve Becerileri
Authors: SARIER Yılmaz
Published: November 2020

Günümüzde öğretmenlik mesleğinde başarıyı yakalamak için öğretmenlerde bulunması gereken özellik ve becerilerin belirlenmesine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Öğretmenlerin, öğrencilerinin kendilerinden neler beklediklerini bilmeleri eğitimin kalitesinin yükseltilmesi açısından önemlidir. Bu bağlamda bu araştırmanın temel amacı, meslek lisesi öğrencilerinin, ideal bir öğretmen olarak öğretmenlerinden bekledikleri özellikleri ve becerileri belirlemektir. Bu araştırmada, öğrenci görüşlerine göre, "ideal öğretmen" olgusu incelendiğinden dolayı, fenomonoloji deseni tercih edilmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, 2018-2019 eğitim-öğretim yılında Eskişehir ili Odunpazarı ilçesi meslek liselerinde eğitim öğretimine devam eden 410 meslek lisesi öğrencisi oluşturmuştur. Çalışma sonucunda, öğrencilerin öğretmenlerden özellikle göstermelerini bekledikleri temel değerlerin; adalet, sevgi, saygı, hoşgörü, güven, merhamet, yardımseverlik ve çalışkanlık olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Meslek lisesi öğrencilerinin öğretmenlerden bekledikleri ideal öğretmen özellikleri ve becerileriyle ilgili düşünceleri, öğretmenlerin hizmet öncesi ve hizmet içi eğitimi süreçlerinde değerlendirilmelidir. Öğretmenlerin sahip olması gereken özellik ve becerilere ilişkin farklı örneklem ve yöntemlerle (nicel, nitel veya karma) desenlenmiş araştırmalar yapılmalıdır.
PROBLEM NORM IN ONOMASTYKE
Authors: Mozgovoi V.I.
Published: November 2020

The distinctive features of the norms of language, speech culture, and onomastics, related to the socio-legal context are analyzed. The social principles of legal onomastics as part of the culture of a certain language community are considered. Examples of false nominations that ignore the owner's right to name and destroy the real onym space are given.
ATTRIBUTION OF COMPOSITE TOPONYMS
Authors: Shcherbak A.
Published: November 2020

The article deals with the composite toponyms of the Central black earth region, which include an attribute component. It is proved that the toponymic nomination, which reflects the cognitive experience of a person, is based on two main types of relations: a sign-a carrier of a sign and a sign-an object of a sign. In the toponymic unit with the reference word Dubrava, the cognitive “isolation” of certain qualities or characteristics of the Dubrava topolexeme is established.
SOURCE STUDY ASPECT OF ONOMASTICS (IN THE MANUSCRIPT PUTIVL NOTEBOOK IN 1629)
Authors: Astakhina L.Yu.
Published: November 2020

The article identifies its own and common names of the left bank of the middle reaches of the Dnieper, reflected in the manuscript Putivl notebook in 1629, which is first studied in the source study aspect.
HAIR COLOR DESIGNATIONS IN MODERN NICKNAMES OF RUSSIANS IN PERM REGION
Authors: Bobrova M.V.
Published: November 2020

The modern nicknames of the inhabitants of Perm region (of Russians) motivated by the hair color of their carriers, are analyzed in the article. Lexical-semantic, motivational, and onomasiological features of such nicknames are described. Conclusions are made: models of formation of such nicknames of Russians are relatively few; there is a lexicon with attributive and subject meaning in names; nicknames have a qualitative character; the sign “hair color” is manifested in nicknames by the lexicon of various lexical-semantic and thematic groups; there are nicknames with multiple motivation; a significant number of nicknames are created on the basis of analogy.
«PROPRIA↔APPELLATIVA» AMBIGUITY: RECOGNISING PROPER NAMES IN TEXT
Authors: Vasilyeva N.V.
Published: November 2020

The paper deals with the conflict of properties «to be a proper name» and «not to be a proper name» in the same context, which leads to «propria↔appellativa» ambiguity, designated as onymic amphibology. Pragmatic and textual mechanisms of different interpretations as well as examples of non-resolving ambiguity situations in text are considered.
THE ONOMASTIC STRUCTURE ON THE CEMETERIES OF THE XIX - THE BEGINNING XX CENTURY ON NORTHWESTERN BELARUS: RESULTS OF INTERLINGUAL CONTACTS AND NATIONAL SPECIFIC
Authors: Ivanitskaya (Piatrova) T.V.
Published: November 2020

The Center for the Belarusian Culture, Language and Literature Research of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Yakub Kolas Institute of Linguistics Minsk, Belarus In this article analyzed the onomastic structure the cemeteries of the XIX - the beginning XX centuries on northwestern Belarus in terms of interlanguage contacts, and reflection of the blending of names of the Orthodox and Catholic church calendars, Christian and Muslim traditions and infiltrations in the inscriptions in Russian the elements of the Belarusian language.
CONNOTATIVE TOPONYMS OXFORD, CAMBRIDGE
Authors: Vrublevskaya O.V.
Published: November 2020

An associative experiment was conducted to determine the connotative potential of toponyms Oxford and Cambridge. The experiment revealed several types of associative reactions. The connotative meanings of the researched onyms are developed on the basis of these associative reactions. This is confirmed by the analysis of contextual use of the researched onyms.
ANTHROPONYMS IN THE LANGUAGE SYSTEM OF THE UPPER UNZHA RIVER DIALECTS (ON THE MATERIAL OF I. KASATKIN'SWORKS)
Authors: Okulovskaya S.V.
Published: November 2020

The article s devoted to the consideration of thefunctional features of personal names in the Upper Unzha dialects, the specificity of which is clearly manifested in the works of the local writer I. Kasatkin. The texts of the stories contain rich, territorially localized anthroponymic material of a certain historical era, presented in various contexts of live speech, which allows us to consider it not only in the nominative, but also in the structural, communicative-pragmatic and ethno-dialectical aspects.
NAMESAKES IN RUSSIAN BIBILIONYMY
Authors: Klimkova L.A.
Published: November 2020

The article deals with the phenomenon of namesakes in the biblionymic context of classical Russian literature, with the textual context limited to the lyric poetry devoted to nature (landscape, wildlife, scenery) written by poets of the XIX-XX centuries. The author states that poems devoted to the same natural phenomenon, even with different event and situational content and different focus points, express the same symbolic meaning, actualized in biblionyms.
TOPONYMS AND TERMS GORODOK IN NOVGOROD-PSKOV-TVER LANDS
Authors: Vasiliev V.L. , Vikhrova N.N.
Published: November 2020

The article presents large factual material showing the specifics of the distribution of geographical names Gorodok in a number of regions in the northwest of Russia. There are especially many such names in the Novgorod and Tver regions, where they directly mark the places of ancient fortified settlements and fenced burial grounds or indicate villages near such places of interest from an archaeological point of view. A large number of microtoponyms allows us to speak of the popular topographic term gorodok with the meaning ‘an elevated place, a tract with which the stay of ancient people is associated'. This dialectal term must be distinguished from the all-Russian term gorodok, which is actively used in the urban toponymy of the XX-XXI centuries.
Corvo Branco: construção e desconstrução de mitos.
Authors: Torrão Nazaré , Páez Granados Octavio
Published: November 2020

O trabalho que nos propomos apresentar é a análise da ópera Corvo Branco com libreto de Luísa Costa Gomes, música de Philip Glass e encenação de Robert Wilson, estreada no teatro Camões por ocasião da Expo'98, cuja referência central são as viagens marítimas dos séculos XV e XVI, ainda que o tema central pretenda ser a descoberta. A obra configura não só a sobreabundância de informação, acontecimentos, imagens e lugares que caracteriza as sociedades contemporâneas, como sobretudo a reação que as próprias sociedades engendram para essa sobreabundância: o refúgio em universos simbólicos servindo de reconhecimento entre os seus membros e de confirmação de pertença ao grupo (Augé, 1992). Esse universo simbólico, parte da ideologia explícita ou implícita da sociedade em questão e assim da identidade nacional, é, no caso português, dominado pela importância do império passado, pela ideia de “encontro de culturas” harmonioso e pacífico, pela imagem do português simples, humilde e batalhador que percorre o mundo em busca de aventuras, não descurando, porém, o desejo de regressar à “ditosa pátria [sua] amada” (Gomes, 1998, p. 48). Como a obra desconstrói esses mitos será a nossa linha de análise.
Gestión del riesgo de LA/FT y lógica difusa en bancos con calificación AA factor cliente
Authors: Ortega-Carchipulla Nixon Manuel , Tinto-Arandes Jaime , Pesantez-Rodriguez Judith Cristina , Vásquez-Erazo Edwin Joselito
Published: November 2020

La investigación tiene por objetivo analizar la gestión del riesgo de LA/FT y lógica difusa en bancos con calificación AA factor cliente. Metodológicamente se desarrolló un tipo descriptiva. Como resultado de las encuestas realizadas se puede evidenciar que existen deficiencias para cumplir una de las políticas más importantes cómo es, la política conozca a su cliente, como consecuencia de las debilidades identificadas se presentan las siguientes incidencias: Inadecuada definición de perfil de riesgo de los clientes, generación de alertas falsas en el sistema por falta de información de los clientes, dificultad de los oficiales de negocios en la aplicación de las debidas diligencias de los clientes, carga operativa en el seguimiento de operaciones que no ameriten un análisis. Las políticas y procedimientos del manual de lavado de activos y financiamiento de delitos como el terrorismo deben estar involucrados todos los funcionarios de las instituciones financieras.
Competitividad de los productores del sombrero de paja toquilla del cantón Sígsig provincia del Azuay
Authors: Ramos-Tello Álvaro Leonel , González-Rodríguez Ramiro Oswaldo , Espinoza-Tigre Rodolfo Moisés , Torres-Palacios Mireya Magdalena
Published: November 2020

La investigación tuvo como objetivo diagnosticar la competitividad de los productores del sombrero de paja toquilla del cantón Sígsig provincia del Azuay. De tipo descriptivo con diseño no experimental de campo, constituyéndose la muestra poblacional en 56 personas encuestadas. El diagnóstico estratégico fue completado en un grupo de trabajo con la participación de seis directivos de las asociaciones productoras de los sombreros de paja toquilla. De esta manera fue posible establecer las debilidades, amenazas, fortalezas y oportunidades relevantes para las organizaciones estudiadas. De igual forma fue posible definir las líneas estratégicas como marco de acción a seguir. En este sentido el énfasis estuvo en la implementación de un enfoque de orientación al mercado para la producción de los sombreros de paja toquilla.
Gestión docente y desempeño profesional en la formación de formadores en el área administrativa
Authors: Torres-Cedeño María Francisca , Mendoza-Yépez Yolanda Alexandra , Álvarez-Vidal Martha Elizabeth , Zambrano-Delgado Jenny Isabel
Published: November 2020

La investigación tiene por objetivo analizar la gestión docente y desempeño profesional en la formación de formadores en el área administrativa de la Universidad técnica Luis Vargas Torres, sede La Concordia del Ecuador, con la finalidad de contribuir en la articulación de dimensiones para la conformación del diseño de un programa curricular de formación de formadores. Se fundamentó desde el enfoque cuantitativo, operacionalizándose metodológicamente desde un tipo descriptivo. La dimensión sobre la planificación y evaluación de los aprendizajes centrada desde la investigación, siendo que el 65% considera este factor como esencial. La estrategia didáctica no debe percibirse como una mera actividad, sino, como una competencia transversal por parte del formador de formadores, de ese modo, podrá conciliar con otras competencias como la planificación y evaluación de los aprendizajes, investigación, como un todo en abordaje del contexto formativo para configurar un espacio de interacción entre el discente, teoría – práctica.
Control y contabilización de activos fijos y su incidencia en la toma de decisiones administrativas
Authors: Loyola-Torres Fabián Gustavo , Cisneros-Quintanilla Diego Patricio , Ormaza-Andrade Jorge Edwin
Published: November 2020

El estudio se plantea como objetivo elaborar un sistema de gestión integral de control y contabilización de activos fijos que permita la acertada toma de decisiones financieras en la Universidad Católica de Cuenca. Fue de tipo descriptivo con diseño de campo no experimental. El 45,2% de los encuestados aseguran que la información que reporta el programa empleado para registrar los bienes es adecuada, sin embargo, el 54,8% considera que la información no es fiable. La propuesta planteada,  permitirá mejorar el ordenamiento y control de los activos fijos de la Universidad Católica de Cuenca, ya que se optará por la valuación de activos fijos a valor razonable, se revisará de forma permanente la vida útil, políticas depreciatorias, y el deterioro; así se mejorará los procesos internos a través de la integración de información en el sistema ERP, posibilitando una acertada toma de decisiones a nivel estratégico, táctico y operativo.
Control y valoración de inventarios con aplicación de NIC 2 en comercializadoras de insumos agrícolas
Authors: Maza-Maza Maricela Elizabeth , Cordero-Guzmán Diego Marcelo , Ormaza-Andrade Jorge Edwin
Published: November 2020

El objetivo fue diseñar un sistema de control y valoración de inventarios con base en la NIC 2 para la presentación razonable de los estados financieros de las comercializadoras de insumos agrícolas de la ciudad de Machala. De tipo descriptiva. El 64,71% de los encuestados afirman que toman decisiones con base en el análisis de los resultados obtenidos; al respecto, considerar el análisis de resultados es fundamental para el buen desempeño de la empresa y su permanencia en el tiempo. Se propone un sistema de control y valoración de inventarios con base en la NIC 2 a fin de determinar la razonabilidad de los estados financieros de las empresas dedicadas a la comercialización de insumos agrícolas de la ciudad de Machala, mediante la aplicación de una serie de componentes los mismos que servirán como un instrumento evaluador del control, gestión y tratamiento contable en cada una de sus fases.
Régimen tributario contable de ingresos en compañías de transporte público con sistema de caja común
Authors: Pesantez-Córdova Sonia Amparito , Flores-Flores Maria Eliza , Torres-Negrete Azucena
Published: November 2020

El estudio tiene como objetivo diseñar una guía tributaria y contable sobre los ingresos y gastos en las compañías de transporte público de pasajeros de la ciudad de Cuenca que aplican el sistema de caja común para su transparentación en los estados financieros. De tipo descriptiva con diseño no experimental. Los contadores respondieron el 71.43% que las empresas presentan en sus notas contables el detalle de cuentas en el manejo de caja común en sus estados financieros. La guía propuesta será útil para contadores de las empresas de transporte público de servicio urbano, para que apliquen un procedimiento estándar en las áreas contable y tributaria, que servirá como una herramienta que contenga los lineamientos en planificación y políticas en el manejo razonable de los ingresos por concepto de caja común y de esta manera obtener una información razonable para la presentación de sus estados financieros.