bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of the Arab League in Structuring the Arab Regional Space
Authors: Melkumyan E. S.
Published: November 2020

Abstract: The article analyzes the reasons that prompted the Arab states to consolidate their efforts and create the League of Arab States. Attention is focused on the deep differences that existed between the states that came forward with the idea of strengthening Arab unity and determined the nature of this regional organization and the features of its charter, which provided its members with the opportunity to preserve their political system, sovereignty and the specifics of foreign policy.

The heterogeneous nature of LAS had an impact on its the goals and objectives. The focus of this organization was to protect pan-Arab interests and support all Arab states in achieving political independence.

The aggravation of the situation in Palestine after the Second World War became a central item on the agenda of all the Arab League meetings. This organization indicated its position on the Palestinian issue in the preparatory period for its official proclamation. The article discusses the activities of the Arab League, aimed at introducing a complete boycott of Israel, which, amid expansion of the Arab League, other Arab states also joined. The Arab-Israeli conflict, due to the targeted efforts of the Arab League, consolidated the Arab geopolitical community and contributed to the formation of a national Arab identity. The LAS in its documents built a common Arab narrative, having two underpinnings: the recognition of the Palestinian Arab people as a victim of the Western powers and Zionists, as well as foreign policy of Israel.

The article traces the relationship between the activities of the Arab League and the changes that have occurred in the regional and international environment. The gradual transition of the Arab League to the search for a political settlement of the Arab-Israeli conflict was influenced by the emergence of a new balance of power in the Middle East region, as well as the gradual transformations of a new system of international relations.

The further demarcation of the Arab countries that occurred after the mass protests in 2011 influenced the activities of the Arab League, which tried to maintain Arab unity by using the traditional tool – the unresolved Arab-Israeli conflict. The LAS member-states should have taken a pan-Arab stance on the settlement of the Arab-Israeli conflict in order to preserve national identity. The refusal of all Arab League members to accept the American settlement plan, proposed by D. Trump administration in early 2020, was a confirmation that this regional organization retains its position as a defender of Arab unity and pan-Arab interests.
The Economy of Well-Being: Creating Opportunities for People’s Well-Being and Economic Growth
Authors: Simonova M. D.
Published: November 2020

Abstract: Review of the paper by Nozal A.L., Martin N., Murtin F. The economy of well-being: creating opportunities for people’s well-being and economic growth. OECD. 2019.
PR в міжнародних відносинах
Authors: Конопка Наталія
Published: November 2020

Навчально-методичний посібник «PR в міжнародних відносинах» присвячений найважливішим аспектам PR-технологій у сфері міжнародних відносин, зокрема у ньому розглядаються поняття, суть та приниципи, історичний розвиток зв’язків з громадськістю; подано особливості комунікації з громадськістю, теорію та практику формування іміджу в системі PR; ключові аспекти стратегічного управління тощо. Особлива увага присвячена основам політичного та міжнародного PR, зокрема проаналізовано особливості лобістської діяльності, ключові аспекти формування політики державного брендингу та досвід для України. Посібник містить методичні рекомендації підготовки до практичних занять та індивідуально-дослідницького завдання, питання самопідготовки, самоконтролю й підготовки до заліку, список рекомендованих джерал та літератури, термінологічний словник, що сприятиме глибшому засвоєнню матеріалу. Для викладачів, аспірантів та студентів вищих навчальних закладів.
Comradeship Meetings of “Dvoryane” and “Konstantinovtsy” — “A Living School for Strengthening Traditions”
Authors: Panchenko Anatoly M.
Published: November 2020

The article is the first attempt to present, on the basis of on a large number of pre-revolutionary sources, the history of formation and existence of various military-scientific, literary-scientific, cultural-educational, and entertainment societies, as well as special interest circles and clubs in the Military Department. The author analyzes in detail the history of creation and activities of the comradeship meetings of “dvoryane” and “konstantinovtsy” as one of the forms of historical memory of fellow officers. The article presents the activities of the military educational institution’s graduates on creating the Library Department of the Konstantin Military School, which consisted of its former students’ works on military science, history and literature. The article contains a comparative table for 1901 and 1916 with the names of authors and the number of literary works, created by the former students of the Noble Regiment and its successor institutions, donated for the Special Department of the Konstantin Artillery School’s library. The article focuses on the fact that this initiative found universal support among the students of the school and was one of the cultural traditions in other military educational institutions and military units of the Military Department.
PEDAGOGICAL COMPETENCES OF A TEACHER: THE PROBLEM OF CONTENT IN EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES OF THE FUTURE
Authors: Баринов Василий Константинович , Самоненко Юрий Анатольевич
Published: November 2020

Обсуждаются концептуальные вопросы содержания образования в аспекте достижения основной цели образования - овладения школьником умением учиться самостоятельно. Предложено структуру содержания образования представить в виде модели «древа целей образования», которое даст ориентировку участникам образовательного процесса, а главное - учащемуся как субъекту учебной деятельности - при отборе учебного материала для реализации личностного образовательного проекта. Определено содержание методологического компонента знаний как важной составляющей общеучебных умений, рефлексивных способностей и теоретического мышления учащихся. Результаты работы могут быть использованы для совершенствования образовательных систем среднего общего и среднего профессионального образования.

The article discusses the conceptual issues of the content of education in the aspect of achieving the main goal of education - mastering the ability of a student to learn independently. Proposed structure of education content represented in the form of the model - «financing education», which will offer guidance to participants in the educational process, and most importantly, the student as a subject of educational activity selection of educational material for the implementation of personal educational project. The content of the methodological component of knowledge as an important component of General educational skills, reflexive abilities and theoretical thinking of students is determined. The results of the work can be used to improve the educational systems of secondary General and secondary vocational education.
AN INTEGRATIVE APPROACH TO TEACHING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE IN THE PROCESS OF CREATING UNIVERSAL COMPETENCY IN THE SYSTEM OF MASTER TRAINING
Authors: Завьялова Мария Сергеевна , Раздобарова Марина Николаевна
Published: November 2020

Исследуется интегративный подход как комплексное педагогическое явление. Представлены основные понятия, принципы и технологические компоненты интегративного подхода к организации процесса обучения. Выделены этапы процесса его реализации при разработке рабочей программы дисциплины «Иностранный язык в профессиональной деятельности» в системе подготовки магистров.

The article examines the integrative approach as a complex pedagogical phenomenon. The basic concepts, principles and technological components of an integrative approach to the organization of the learning process are presented. The stages of implementation in process in the program development program of the discipline «Foreign Language in Professional Activities» in the master's training system are highlighted.
Basic aspects of methodology for justifying the performance characteristics of a tracked machine with electromechanical transmission
Authors: Kuznetsova V. N. , Romanenko R. V.
Published: November 2020

Introduction. High rates of new territories development, the development of the construction and road-transport complex, mining and transportation of minerals is impossible without machinery and equipment. The use of a caterpillar propeller as a base chassis has both advantages and disadvantages. One of the main problems is ensuring the mobility of tracked vehicles. The use of mixed-type power units and transmissions allows solving this scientific problem and ensuring the efficiency of technological operations during the operation of tracked vehicles. Modern vehicles use a variety of transmission types, including electromechanical transmission (EMT). In such a design, torque conversion and change in the speed of the drive wheels of the caterpillar propulsion device are carried out by means of traction electric motors (TEM). The aim of the use of electromechanical transmission in tracked machines is to increase the tractive-dynamic properties and fuel economy and, as a result, to improve the mobility of the machine. The combination of an internal combustion engine (ICE) and electric machines in a caterpillar machine (CM) makes it possible to maximize the advantages of the latter and compensate for the disadvantages of each. These improvements are achieved mainly through the different performance characteristics of the traction electric engine (TEE) and the energy storage device (ESD).Research methods. A system analysis served as the basis for the theoretical studies. A mathematical model of the motion of a tracked vehicle with an electromechanical transmission has been developed. The methods of the theory of algorithms were used.Results. A structural diagram of the arrangement of a series connection of elements of an electromechanical transmission of a tracked vehicle, protected by a patent of the Russian Federation, has been developed and presented. An algorithm has been developed for the interaction of its elements taking into account the movement of the machine. The main mathematical relationships included in the methodology for substantiating the operational characteristics of a tracked vehicle with an electromechanical transmission are presented.Discussion and conclusion. Using the developed approaches and methodology, it will be possible to calculate the components of the electromechanical transmission in order to ensure the required mobility of the caterpillar machine, to assess its fuel economy, as well as its maximum and average speed.
KONSEP PERANCANGAN DI KAWASAN PESISIR PANTAI SARI KOTA PEKALONGAN
Authors: Wahjoerini Wahjoerini
Published: November 2020

Kawasan pesisir merupakan wilayah yang sangat berarti bagi kehidupan manusia di bumi. Wilayah pesisir memiliki potensi besar terhadap pemanfaatan sumber daya kelautan dan perikanan yang dapat memberikan dampak terhadap ekonomi. Dampak ekonomi dapat dirasakan secara langsung bagi pemerintah maupun masyarakat seperti kontribusi tersebut terhadap pendapatan dan pertumbuhan ekonomi wilayah, pendapatan masyarakat nelayan serta penyerapan kesempatan kerja. Lokasi kawasan pesisir yang strategis pun juga dapat memudahkan terjadinya pedagangan antar kota, daerah dan pulau, yang tentu saja akan dapat meningkatkan perekonomian sekitar. Selain itu keunikan kawasan pesisir adalah menghasilkan sektor bernilai tinggi seperti sektor pangan, pemukiman, pariwisata, perikanan, dan industri. Kota Pekalongan yang terletak di pesisir pantai utara Jawa, pada dasarnya menyimpan beberapa potensi yang dapat dikembangkan bagi pembangunan wilayahnya. Di sekitar kawasan Pantai Pasir terdapat beberapa obyek wisata yang memiliki daya tarik bagi pengunjung dan wisatawan, antara lain galangan kapal, Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara Pekalongan (PPNP) dan TPI, wisata bahari PPNP, obyek wisata pantai Pasir Kencana, koridor Pantai Sari, dan Pekalongan Mangrove Park. Namun dikarenakan pengelolaannya yang kurang optimal oleh pemerintah dan kurangnya partisipasi masyarakat dalam memelihara kualitas lingkungan, obyek-obyek yang berdampingan tersebut tidak dapat terintegrasi dengan baik sebagai satu kawasan wisata yang saling mendukung. Hal ini menyebabkan kawasan wisata potensial ini tidak dapat berkembang secara optimal dan menjadikan kawasan tersebut sebagai kawasan wisata pesisir yang berkelanjutan.
WAYS TO OVERCOME THE PROBLEMS OF INSOLVENCY IN THE CONDITIONS OF CURRENT GLOBAL ECONOMIC CRISIS
Authors:   Tashkent State Financial University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Sayfiddinov Ilxom
Published: November 2020

The article discusses the ways to overcome the problem of insolvency in the current global economic crisis. It also discusses in detail the ways to overcome the problem of insolvency. Opinions and conclusions were formed on insolvency, macroeconomic stability, competitiveness of the national economy, investment environment, strengthening of payment discipline
INTERNATIONAL PRACTICE OF FACTORING AND ITS PROSPECTS FOR DEVELOPMENT IN OUR COUNTRY
Authors:   Banking and Finance Academy of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Usmonov Farrux , Absalomov Akrom
Published: November 2020

This article describes how factoring is used in international practice and suggestions and recommendations that need to be implemented for its further development in our country. The proposals and recommendations are based on the results of an analysis conducted in one of the commercial banks of the country
INNOVATIVE MODEL OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Bukhara State University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Navruz-Zoda Baxtiyor
Published: November 2020

In a pandemic coronavirus and the global crisis, with the result that be a violation of the technological chain of production processes and services, as a priority task of economic policy is the restoration and sustainable development of tourism based on the search for innovative solutions. Based on the integration of two theories -innovation and sustainable development, the article substantiates the "Innovative model of sustainable development" as an anti-crisis tool for the development of tourism. At the same time, special attention is paid to the characteristics of environmental, social and economic innovations that are widely applied in the field of tourism
DEVELOPMENT OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY IN RAILWAY TRANSPORT
Authors:   Tadqiqot LLC International Journals Portal, Boboqulov Jamshid
Published: November 2020

This article is about the role of digital technologies for the economy, the rapid penetration of high-speed Internet technologies in transport systems, the prospects for the development of the digital economy in railway transport.
THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF LEASING IN INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES
Authors:   Banking and Finance Academy of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Odiljonov Ilyos
Published: November 2020

This article discusses the role and importance of leasing in the economic development of the Republic of Uzbekistan, as well as the problems associated with investment in leasing and their solutions The purpose of the study is to develop conclusions, proposals and recommendations to improve the efficiency of leasing activities in improving the investment process in Uzbekistan
TRENDS OF STEADY DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES IN TERMS OF RISK
Authors:   Fergana Polytechnic Institute of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Ashurov Maxammadjon
Published: November 2020

The article discusses the existing problems of the functioning of industrial enterprises of the Republic of Uzbekistan in connection with the emergence of risk and uncertainty in the context of radical macroeconomic restructuring as a result of economic liberalization. The analysis carried out by the author revealed a number of significant systemic problems of the sustainable development of industrial enterprises in the national economy in conditions of risk.
THE ROLE OF DIGITAL ATOMIC ENERGY IN THE WORLD ECONOMY
Authors:   Tashkent State Institute of Oriental Studies of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Nigmanov Azizbek
Published: November 2020

The article highlights the dominance of the digital economy and the great positive impact on the development of nuclear energy.In the new economy, the digital energy network or internet energy market is already taking shape. A digital nuclear power plant always has accurate information about the status of all assets and equipment. Most importantly, digital NPPs will have all the hallmarks of a modern dynamic business. The analysis opens up opportunities to change the business model, reduce costs, and find new sources of revenue. Thus, over time, the construction of nuclear power plants will lead to the formation of a new generation of markets for products and services, in contrast to nuclear products
FORMS OF PUBLIC DEBT AND SCIENTIFIC-METHODOLOGICAL BASIS OF ITS MANAGEMENT
Authors:   Tashkent State Law University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Azimova Dilafruz
Published: November 2020

The article analyzes the forms of public debt, including the need to pay attention to its forms in the study of financial debt of countries, the causes of public debt, scientific approaches to domestic and foreign debt, and conclusions about the circumstances that should be reflected in public debt management
ENSURING EFFECTIVE ACTIVITY OF TAX ADMINISTRATION -AN IMPORTANT FACTOR FOR INCREASING TAX ACCOUNTABILITY
Authors:   Tashkent State Financial University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Berdiyeva Uguloy
Published: November 2020

The article discusses the issues of increasing the level of tax collection on the basis of improving tax administration, ensuring the full payment of taxes and fees to the state budget, reducing the likelihood of tax evasion.
FUNDAMENTAL CAPITAL FINANCING OF PRODUCTION
Authors:   Banking and Finance Academy of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Zulfiyev Farrux
Published: November 2020

This article is based on the principles of shared financing of the production of raw materials. The article is aimed at financing the production of capital on the basis of equity in order to further strengthen the stability of economic reforms in the republic. At the same time, the essence of equity financing, the risks associated with it, and the efficiency of raw materials are covered
Male linguistic patterns adopted by Ana Cristina Vera
Authors: Ramírez Basantes Raúl Sebastián
Published: November 2020

Several communities have taken gender as a fundamental element in the establishment of linguistic patterns. This is the case of the masculine linguistic style, traditionally considered appropriate for correct development in the public sphere. Despite adapting to changes in the social world, the study of these patterns constitutes a starting point for a contextual analysis of gender linguistic characteristics. This article describes the linguistic varieties based on the socio-cultural context of Ana Vera’s communities of practice; a member of the feminist group Surkuna; an organization that watches over the well-being of women; and girls criminalized for having abortions. Their linguistic development is studied in defense of the non-criminalization of abortion due to rape, in a debate proposed by the newspaper  “El Comercio”, facing Carlos Arsenio, representative of pro-life groups. Ana uses male linguistic patterns in similar situations as Carlos, mainly, when she seeks to emphasize; provides data: and defends her speaking time. However, the presence of linguistic patterns, related to collectivity and solidarity, is denoted when describing other women's reality, facing criminalization and rejection. This is an example of the interaction between gender language patterns in a public setting.
The depreciation of haitian creole and haitian code switching
Authors: Pierre Patrick
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of Haitian code-switching, as a diglossic country, and Haitian Creole depreciation. as the native language of Haiti. The history of the Haitian Creole language developed by enslaved west African, in the plantation of the Island during the slave rebellion for the revolution, after several attempts conspiring for their freedom. After the disembarkation of the French Colony, in the Island where they settled from 1659 until 1804, French has become the language of dominance. It was the language of the  masters´ plantations. These two languages have remained the official languages of Haiti, where Haitian people Code-switch when using either French or Haitian Creole. However, Creole has become the language of depreciation, or using another term for it, a marginalized language.  In this study a qualitative and descriptive analysis have been carried out, through social media,such as:  Instagram, Twitter, Facebook, and You-Tube, which were used to collect data on Haitian code-switching, by means of the observation of one of the Haitian Ex-presidents, Mr. Joseph Michel Martelly, who is also a famous singer. Some video links will be provided to observe the president Michel Martelly´s  code-switching, in different situations, such as: the debate with his opponent Mme Mirlande Hyppolite Manigat, in 2011, before he won the election; interviews with national and international journalists about political and artistic movement; and his performance on stage as a singer.
The effect of knowledge sharing toward employee performance with teamwork as the moderator at PT Telkom Indonesia division of regional II Jabodetabek
Authors: Nadilla Putri Ananda
Published: November 2020

PT Telkom Indonesia is one of the best SOE companies in Indonesia. One of the efforts made by Telkom is to always become a good corporate that they have experienced and knowledgeable human resource. This research aimed to determine the effects of knowledge sharing on employee performance with teamwork as a moderator in PT Telkom Indonesia division of regional II Jabodetabek. The research method used in this research was quantitative with multiple linear regression analysis. The basic theory used in this research is the basis theory of knowledge sharing and teamwork. The population in this study was Regional II employees of PT Telkom Indonesia that have 95 respondents as the total of respondent in this research. The sampling technique type used non-probability sampling with using convenience sampling. In this research the method was using multiple linear regression analysis methods and hypothesis testing (T test, F test, and coefficient of determination) using application called SPSS 20 for windows. The research results in this study revealed that there is a positive impact and significant relationship between knowledge sharing on employee performance partially; while from simultaneously of knowledge sharing on employee performance with teamwork as a moderator also has a positive relationship and significant effect. Conclusion from this study showed that teamwork variable moderates the relationship between knowledge sharing on employee performance in Regional II PT Telkom Indonesia.
"A TOT PEROVSKOJ NE DAL VSLAST' POSPAT'": PROSODY AND GRAMMAR OF ANAPHORIC TOT THROUGH THE LENS OF CORPUS DATA
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Moscow, Russia, Podlesskaya V. I.
Published: November 2020

Based on data from the Russian National Corpus and the General InternetCorpus of Russian, the paper addresses syntactic, sematic and prosodic features of constructions with the demonstrative TOT used as an anaphor. These constructions have gained some attention in earlier studies [Paducheva 2016], [Berger, Weiss 1987], [Kibrik 2011], [Podlesskaya 2001], but their analysis (a) covered primarily their prototypical uses; and (b) was based on written data. The data from informal, esp. from spoken discourse show however that the actual use of these constructions may deviate considerably from the known prototype. The paper aims at bridging this gap. I claim (i) that the function of TOT is to temporary promote a referent from a less privileged discourse status to a more privileged one; and (ii) that TOT can be analyzed on a par with switch reference devices in the languages where the latter are grammatically marked (e.g. on verb forms). The following parameters of TOT-constructions are discussed: syntactic and semantic roles of TOT and of its antecedent in their respective clauses, linear and structural distances between TOT and its antecedent, animacy of the maintained referent. Special attention is payed to the information structure of the TOT construction: I give structural and prosodic evidence that TOT never has a rhematic status. The revealed actual distribution of TOT (a) adds to our understanding of cross-linguistic variation of anaphoric functions of demonstratives; and, hopefully, (b) may contribute to further developing computational approaches to coreference and anaphora resolution for Russian, e.g. by improving datasets necessary for this task.
RUSSIAN NATURAL LANGUAGE GENERATION: CREATION OF A LANGUAGE MODELING DATASET AND EVALUATION WITH MODERN NEURAL ARCHITECTURES
Authors:   Faculty of Software Engineering and Computer Systems, ITMO University, Shaheen Z. ,   Institute of Computer Science and Technology Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU), St. Petersburg, Russia, Wohlgenannt G. ,   Faculty of Software Engineering and Computer Systems, ITMO University, Zaity B. ,   Institute of Computer Science and Technology Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU), St. Petersburg, Russia, Mouromtsev D. I. ,   Faculty of Software Engineering and Computer Systems, ITMO University, Pak V. G. ,   Institute of Computer Science and Technology Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU), St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: November 2020

Generating coherent, grammatically correct, and meaningful text is very challenging, however, it is crucial to many modern NLP systems. So far, research has mostly focused on English language, for other languages both standardized datasets, as well as experiments with state-of-the-art models, are rare. In this work, we i) provide a novel reference dataset for Russian language modeling, ii) experiment with popular modern methods for text generation, namely variational autoencoders, and generative adversarial networks, which we trained on the new dataset. We evaluate the generated text regarding metrics such as perplexity, grammatical correctness and lexical diversity.
LANGUAGE-SPECIFIC WORDS IN THE LIGHT OF TRANSLATION: THE RUSSIAN TOSKA
Authors:   Vinogradov Russian Language Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Shmelev A. D. ,   Moscow Pedagogical State University, Moscow, Russia
Published: November 2020

This paper presents a semantic analysis of the most language-specific Russian word for ‘sadness’, namely, toska. The analysis is based on the hypothesis that one may regard translation equivalents and paraphrases of a linguistic unit extracted from real translated texts as a source of information about its semantics. The appearance of language-specific words in translated texts may be even more useful for studying their semantics. It turns out that тоска is not all that rare in Russian translated texts. The study of the incentives that lead Russian translators to use the word тоска often reveals important aspects of the semantics of this word. Stimuli for the appearance of toska in translations into Russian vary greatly. In general, when the original describes some bad feelings, the word toska appears if the original speaks of a subject’s unsatisfied desire, which desire may be vague and not well understood an
Limitaciones en el manejo de Mieloma Múltiple en Ecuador
Authors: Garrido David , Granja Manuel
Published: November 2020

El mieloma múltiple (MM) es una neoplasia hematológica clasificada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) dentro de las enfermedades linfoproliferativas de células B y se caracteriza por la proliferación de células plasmáticas monoclonales, junto a la producción excesiva de inmunoglobulinas no funcionales o cadenas ligeras de inmunoglobulina [1].
Métodos de identificación polifásica aplicados a la búsqueda de microorganismos con potencial industrial
Authors: Salvador Pinos Carmen , Herrera Naranjo FNicolás , Michelena Tupiza Stephanie , González Gavilanez Humberto , Gualoto Oñate Miguel , González Suárez Erenio , Mesa Garriga Leyanis , Rojas Carrillo Maira
Published: November 2020

Introducción: La bioprospección de metabolitos de interés antropogénico emplea métodos de recolección de microorganismos en ecosistemas extremófilos o endémicos. La microbiota aislada en estos lugares puede o no incluir microorganismos patógenos. Es imprescindible un enfoque interdisciplinario que permita abordar la búsqueda de las especies de interés mientras se preserva la buena salud de los investigadores. Objetivo: Identificar molecular, bioquímica y morfológicamente microorganismos patógenos humanos en cepas celulolíticas de importancia industrial almacenadas en el banco de cepas del Laboratorio de Investigación de la Facultad de Ingeniería Química de la Universidad Central del Ecuador, procedentes del Yasuní, la Antártida y Balzapamba. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de bioprospección de bacterias celulolíticas empleando técnicas de microbiología ambiental. Se evaluaron las características morfológicas mediante tinciones, como por ejemplo Gram. Además, se realizaron pruebas bioquímicas y antibiogramas para bacterias Gram-negativas y Gram-positivas. Las pruebas moleculares utilizaron extracción de ADN bacteriano para la secuenciación Sanger del gen 16S. Resultados: Se encontraron las especies Klebsiella pneumoniae (Y2 y Y3r) y Nocardia asteroides (Y1 y Y3p) en las muestras de material lignocelulósico recolectadas en Yasuní, mientras que las especies aisladas en la Antártida y en Balzapamba corresponden a Bacillus subtillis. Conclusiones: Se identificaron cepas pertenecientes a diferentes géneros bacterianos. Las bacterias del género Klebsiella, en las muestras colectadas en Yasuní, podrían tener un potencial patógeno. Eso se puede corroborar con técnicas de genotipificación. Por lo tanto, puede existir riesgo para los seres humanos que realizan bioprospección en ese ecosistema y se deben tomar medidas de bioseguridad.
Biomarcadores mamarios en procesos metastásicos en mujeres ecuatorianas
Authors: Morales1 Daysi A , Echeverría Inés C
Published: November 2020

Introducción: Los biomarcadores tumorales CA 15-3 y CEA son predictores de metástasis en el cáncer de mama; no obstante, existe división de criterios de las ventajas de determinarlos de forma individual o conjunta. Objetivo: Evaluar la asociación de los biomarcadores tumorales CA 15-3 y CEA, por separado y en conjunto, en relación a la enfermedad metastásica en mujeres ecuatorianas con cáncer de mama. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de prevalencia, en base a la información obtenida de las historias clínicas de 90 mujeres con cáncer de mama. Se identificaron los marcadores (CA 15-3, CEA y el conjunto de los dos (CA 15-3 – CEA) y se buscó la asociación con presencia o no de metástasis mediante prueba exacta de Fisher e índice Kappa de Cohen. Además, se determinó la sensibilidad, especificidad y valores predictivos positivos y negativos de cada marcador tumoral y en conjunto. Resultados: La prevalencia de carcinoma ductal invasivo en etapas localmente avanzadas de IIB a IIIC fue 77.8%. El sistema óseo y pulmonar fueron lugares frecuentes de invasión. De manera individual y conjunta existe una relación estadísticamente significativa (P <0.05) entre el valor de los biomarcadores y la presencia de procesos metastásicos, siendo CA15-3 y CA15-3-CEA los de mayor concordancia. CA15-3 presentó sensibilidad (S) 55% y especificidad (E) 91%. CEA tuvo (S) 30%; (E) 96%. En conjunto presentaron (S) 40%; (E) 100%. Conclusiones: La presencia de metástasis y mayor carga tumoral se correlacionan con la positividad de los biomarcadores tumorales CA 15-3-CEA, lo cual refuerza la utilidad clínica de evaluar los dos biomarcadores en conjunto.
Cumplimiento de las prácticas integrales del parto en los hospitales de segundo nivel del Ecuador: un aporte a la política pública
Authors: Mendoza Vélez Marcia , Tapia Cecilia Magdalena , Fuenmayor Flor Guillermo
Published: November 2020

Introducción: El Ministerio de Salud Pública del Ecuador (MSP) recomienda la aplicación de prácticas integrales del parto en todo parto normal; sin embargo, no se conoce el nivel del cumplimiento de estas por parte de los alumnos de obstetricia y medicina que están al final de su carrera. Objetivo: Determinar si los internos rotativos de las carreras de Obstetricia y Medicina de la Universidad Central del Ecuador (UCE) cumplen con las prácticas integrales del parto. Métodos: Estudio de Pruebas Diagnósticas realizado en pacientes que acudieron a la consulta externa del servicio de gastroeEstudio transversal en 365 nacimientos atendidos por internos rotativos de Obstetricia y de Medicina de la UCE en cinco hospitales generales del Ecuador. Se evaluó el cumplimiento de las prácticas integrales del parto mediante observación y llenado de un formulario preestablecido sobre el cumplimiento de cada uno de los parámetros de las normas (secado del recién nacido, apego precoz, identificación del RN, lactancia materna, alojamiento conjunto y tiempo de pinzamiento de cordón). Se calculó el porcentaje de cumplimiento de cada uno de los parámetros y del cumplimiento total. Resultados: Los partos fueron atendidos por 361 personas (49.8% Obstetricia, 42.4% Medicina y 5.7% profesionales). Se observó cumplimiento general de las prácticas integrales del parto >86%, sin diferencias significativas con respecto al grupo que atendió el parto. Todos los parámetros cualitativos se cumplieron en más del 95%; pero el corte del cordón umbilical a los tres-cuatro minutos se cumplió en 49.6%. Conclusiones: Los internos rotativos de Obstetricia y Medicina cumplen en un alto porcentaje las normas, pero necesitan reforzar la práctica de corte de cordón umbilical al tiempo correcto.
Ginecomastia una realidad subestimada: serie de casos
Authors: Pérez Vaca José Julián , Ríos Orozco Cristina Gabriela
Published: November 2020

Introducción: La ginecomastia es una patología benigna frecuente pero muy poco estudiada, caracterizada por el desarrollo de la mama en el hombre dándole una apariencia femenina, lo que puede ocasionar estrés emocional y a su vez retrasa o evita que el paciente acuda a consulta médica especializada. Debido a que no se acompaña de signos de malignidad, la mayoría de médicos generales sólo la consideran una alteración estética; sin embargo, el tratamiento quirúrgico de fácil realización ayuda al paciente a restaurar su autoestima. Presentación de casos: Durante el periodo febrero – noviembre del 2019 se presentaron ocho casos de ginecomastia que corresponde a la cuarta causa más frecuente de procedimientos quirúrgicos en el Hospital General Quevedo IESS. La edad de los pacientes se ubicó entre 17 y 30 años. El tratamiento quirúrgico de elección fue mastectomía subcutánea. El promedio de estancia hospitalaria fue de 1.3 días, el tiempo de retiro de drenaje aspirativo fue entre el tercer y quinto día y la complicación quirúrgica más frecuente (50%) fue el seroma. Conclusiones: Esta serie de casos demuestra la importancia del diagnóstico de la ginecomastia, del tratamiento quirúrgico subcutáneo y el cuidado post-quirúrgico para lograr equilibrio biopsicosocial del individuo. Aunque hace falta más evidencia, en lo posible se debería realizar mastectomías subcutáneas que carecen de complicaciones quirúrgicas graves.
Diversity of corticolous myxomycetes in the last glacial refugia of Cryptomeria japonica in Japan
Authors: Takahashi Kazunari
Published: November 2020

Cryptomeria japonica, commonly known as Japanese cedar, is now widely distributed from glacial refuges to the entire Japanese archipelago, after the last ice age. The bark surface provides a habitat for many corticolous myxomycetes. Although corticolous myxomycetes are known to prefer tree species, the association between myxomycete distribution and host tree (C. japonica) divergence across the refuges has not been investigated. In this study, myxomycete communities in five refuges were assessed and compared with those in 14 peripheral areas. Bark samples were collected from at least 10 trees per site and were subjected to the moist chamber culture method (10 Petri dishes per tree) to examine the myxomycete fruiting bodies strictly. Environmental variables such as geographical location, climate condition, and bark traits (tree size, bark pH, and electric conductivity) were measured. Fruiting bodies appeared in 91% of the cultures, and 32 taxa (31 species and one varie ty) were recorded. Comparison of the communities between refuges and peripheral sites showed six myxomycete species, Arcyria cinerea, Macbrideola argentea, Cribraria minutissima, Clastoderma debaryanum, Physarum viride and Physarum pusillum, were significantly more abundant in the refuges and these communities preserved higher species diversity. By nonmetric multidimensional scaling, the communities in the Pacific side and the Sea of Japan side were ordered based on snow cover depth, in a pattern similar to the phylogenetic distribution of the host tree. Myxomycete groups were identified in the northern region, the Sea of Japan region, and the southern region (including Yakushima Island) of Japan. Thus, the refugial tree populations preserved the myxomycete species diversity on their bark and functioned as an important hotspot for myxomycetes. The distribution of corticolous myxomycetes was associated with the diversification and biogeographical distribution history of their host tree, C. japonica.
Analysis of the Causes of Conflict between the Miners and Naturalists
Authors: SOBCZYK Wiktoria , KOWALSKA Anna , SOBCZYK Eugeniusz Jacek
Published: November 2020

The primary goal of this paper is to suggest potential methods of post-mining areas management. Moreover, such methods must be compliant with the expectations of the residents of a given area. The assessment of natural and socio-economic factors affecting the choice of optimum reclamation and revitalization approaches was carried out using the following research methods: analysis of the available literature, case study, field research, photographic documentation. An analysis of the impact of deposit exploitation of mineral aggregates on protected species and their habitats located within the Natura 2000 sites was done. The scale of the problem is enormous. A proper approach needs to be developed among the economy, society and organization of managing the network. The Natura 2000 network covers huge areas simultaneously utilized for other purposes than nature conservation. The Natura 2000 network is in serious conflict with industry, especially with open-pit mining due to the location of mineral deposits. The results can be used to resolve conflict situations on Natura 2000 sites. An undertaking will only receive a go-ahead if it exerts no negative impact on a given area and if the public approves of it. Plans and undertakings having a negative impact on a given area are authorized but on the condition that mitigating measures are taken.
Wykorzystanie informacji uzyskiwanych z monitoringu parametrów pracy do wprowadzania zmian technicznych w modernizowanych maszynach górniczych
Authors: LEWICKI Mirosław , KANIEWSKI Tomasz , ŚLIWIŃSKI Paweł
Published: November 2020

Dane otrzymywane z poszczególnych punktów pomiarowych monitorowanych maszyn górniczych pozwalają na bezpośrednią obserwację zachowania maszyny w rzeczywistych warunkach dołowych. Wychwytywanie zachowań odbiegających od standardowych pozwala na przeprowadzanie działań korygujących. Możliwe jest oddziaływanie bezpośrednie na niekorzystne zachowania operatora. Możliwe jest również eliminowanie tych zdarzeń poprzez wprowadzanie ograniczeń technicznych wymuszających poprawne wykonywanie procedur przez operatora. Działania powyższe często sprowadzają się do modernizacji maszyn górniczych. Sprawdzenie wprowadzanych rozwiązań wykonuje się poprzez obserwację kontrolowanych parametrów kosztowo-produkcyjnych w ramach metody TCO jak również poprzez sprawdzanie poprawności monitorowanych parametrów. Wprowadzane nowoczesne rozwiązania są potwierdzane w zakresie skuteczności w realizacji cyklu produkcyjnego oraz pod względem efektywności kosztowej.
Monitoring of global alerts for thirteen medicines in the period 2014-2020
Authors: Fernanda Rojas Salas  , Sebastián Arguedas Chacón  , Raquel Arguedas Herrera  , José Antonio Madrigal Elizondo  , Mauricio Villegas Campos
Published: November 2020

Pharmacovigilance is based on the need to monitor and prevent possible problems caused by medications. Once national and international entities identify a problem related to medications, they issue alerts directed at health professionals, patients and the general population. In this research, national and international alerts were reviewed from 2014 to 2020, of thirteen drugs used in the treatment of common, disabling and/or fatal diseases that affect a large part of the Costa Rican population, taking alerts issued in pharmacovigilance centers databases worldwide. Health alerts show the identification of a problem and communicate the action taken by the regulatory body, which varies according to the severity of the problem. In Costa Rica, health alerts issued about drug-related effects are based on alerts issued by international regulatory bodies such as WHO and FDA, in addition to this, the Costa Rican Ministry of Health adapts the information from these alerts to the Costa Rican population. However, of the ten alerts analyzed, four were not issued in Costa Rica.
Critical intercultural communicative competence: analysis of cognitives sub-processes in academic writing samples in university students of Spanish Foreign Language (SFL)
Authors: Leal Rivas Natasha
Published: November 2020

El presente estudio propone el análisis de los diferentes (sub)procesos cognitivos que se activan en la práctica escrita con el fin de mejorar el perfil competencial académico en Español Lengua Extranjera (ELE) de estudiantes universitarios italianos. El análisis cualitativo aporta información relevante de un grupo de 26 participantes, usuarios básicos de la lengua. Las muestras textuales recogidas han conformado un corpus lingüístico examinado mediante rúbricas de evaluación, creadas en precedentes estudios pero adaptadas al tipo de prueba diagnóstico y a los resultados revelados en el Análisis de Necesidades sobre el nivel compentencial académico de los informantes. La prueba diagnóstico ha previsto dos actuaciones: una guiada y otra libre que analizan las tres dimensiones de planificación, textualización y revisión de la producción escrita.

Los resultados aportan información interesante sobre los procesos cognitivos inherentes a la creación textual y, en especial, sobre aquellos desarrollados a través de la planificación guiada y la comprensión de géneros discursivos y tipologías textuales útiles para la escritura académica. También, se destacan resultados optimales en cuanto a la aplicación del modelo de Competencia Comunicativa Intercultural Crítica (CCIC) que permite abordar la enseñanza/aprendizaje de ELE integrando un enfoque funcional y social de la lengua desde el significado experiencial e interpersonal de los textos.

En concreto, los resultados muestran una mejoría de la competencia discursiva escrita y dan cuenta de una activación de (sub)procesos cognitivos eficaces tanto en la actividad de comprensión crítica como en el proceso de escritura consciente: (1) menos errores en la planificación textual, en la organización de ideas y en la superestructura del texto-resumen; (2) un aumento de la riqueza del vocabulario especializado y del uso de marcadores discursivos y de organización textual en el género resumen; (3) sintaxis sencilla pero con una construcción textual que muestra la intencionalidad comunicativa (4) mejora de la competencia intercultural de la lengua, textos académicos eficaces y comprometidos socialmente con los estereotipos de género en contraste con la propia cultura y la lengua de origen.
STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES AND PERCEPTIONS TOWARDS MATHEMATICS: THE CASE OF SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN BORANA ZONE, ETHIOPIA
Authors: Assen Awol
Published: November 2020

Mathematics is an essential field of science applied in nearly all areas of knowledge and individuals’ daily lives. Therefore, understanding students’ attitudes towards it and affecting their mathematics performance is an essential step for appropriate intervention to make the subject enjoyable. This paper aims to give a comprehensive picture of students’ attitudes towards mathematics and factors that affect their attitude and achievement. To achieve this objective, purposive and random sampling techniques were used. A questionnaire measuring students’ attitudes and their achievement in the subject was distributed to sample students in secondary schools. Data were collected using a questionnaire that was validated, pilot tested, and its reliability was determined. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Students were asked to respond to a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire that includes factors that affect the teaching practice, teachers’ attribution, classroom climate, and students’ concern as a contributing factor for their attitude towards mathematics. Besides, five free-response questions were also included to get an in-depth view of students towards mathematics. Results indicated that students have an almost positive attitude towards mathematics. Factors contributing to poor performance include lack of practice, language deficiency, societal influence, comprehensive content of the subject, lack of background on the course, development of examination in mathematics, absence of tutorial, the need for more recreation, and lack of confidence. Students’ attitude towards mathematics has determined students’ achievement directly as well as the perspective of students, and their achievements are interdependent.
The Sustainable Development Goals and Leading European Retailers
Authors: Jones Peter , Comfort Daphne
Published: November 2020

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) agreed at a United Nations General Assembly in 2015 embrace an ambitious and wide-ranging set of global environmental, social and economic issues designed to effect a transition to a more sustainable future; the United Nations important role of the private sector in addressing the SDGs. The majority of Europe’s leading retailers have been pursuing sustainability strategies, and reporting on their achievements against their strategies, for some time and within the European retail community there is a recognition that retailers have a vital role to play in contributing to the achievement of the SDGs. This exploratory paper reviews and reflects on how seven of Europe’s leading retailers claim to be committed to addressing the SDGs. The findings revealed that all seven retailers reported on their commitment to contributing to the achievement of the SDGs, though the scale and the extent of their commitment varied. In reviewing the retailers’ approach to the SDGs, the authors drew attention to a number of issues namely, concentration on specific SDGs, issues of measurement and reporting and tensions between sustainability and economic growth.
SEMINAR KECAMATAN
Authors: anriana Meli
Published: November 2020

Kuliah kerja lapang plus (KKLP) merupakan sesuatu kegiatan perkuliahan yang bersifat intrakurikuler dalam bentuk pengabdian pada masyarakat yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa dalam jangka waktu tertentu. Oleh karena, sifatnya instrakulikuler sehingga setiap mahasiswa yang akan menyelesaikan studi di perguruan tinggi pada suatu program strata satu (S1) harus mengikuti KKLP.
Senam
Authors: Samsiah
Published: November 2020

Senam dilakukan agar tubuh tetap sehat dan imun tubuh tetap stabil apalagi kondisi yang sekarang sedang pandemi agar tetap memakai masker jika keluar rumah.