bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Harmonizing evidence-based practice, implementation context, and implementation strategies with user-centered design: a case example in young adult cancer care
Authors: Haines Emily R , Dopp Alex , Lyon Aaron R. , Witteman Holly O. , Bender Miriam , Vaisson Gratianne , Hitch Danielle , Birken Sarah
Published: January 2020

Background. Attempting to implement evidence-based practices in contexts for which they are not well-suited may compromise their fidelity and effectiveness or burden users (e.g., patients, providers, healthcare organizations) with elaborate strategies intended to force implementation. To improve the fit between evidence-based practices and contexts, implementation science experts have called for methods for adapting evidence-based practices and contexts, and tailoring implementation strategies; yet, methods for considering the dynamic interplay among evidence-based practices, contexts, and implementation strategies remain lacking. We argue that harmonizing the three can be accomplished with User-Centered Design, an iterative and highly stakeholder-engaged set of principles and methods. Methods. This paper presents a case example in which we used User-Centered Design methods and a three-phase User-Centered Design process to design a care coordination intervention for young adults with cancer. Specifically, we used usability testing to redesign an existing evidence-based practice (i.e., patient-reported outcome measure that served as the basis for intervention) to optimize usability and usefulness, an ethnographic user and contextual inquiry to prepare the context (i.e., comprehensive cancer center) to promote receptivity to implementation, and iterative prototyping workshops with a multidisciplinary design team to design the care coordination intervention and anticipate implementation strategies needed to enhance contextual fit. Results. Our User-Centered Design process resulted in the Young Adult Needs Assessment and Service Bridge (NA-SB), including a patient-reported outcome measure redesigned to promote usability and usefulness and a protocol for its implementation. By ensuring NA-SB directly responded to features of users and context, we designed NA-SB for implementation , potentially minimizing the strategies needed to address misalignment that may have otherwise existed. Furthermore, we designed NA-SB for scale-up ; by engaging users from other cancer programs across the country to identify points of contextual variation which would require flexibility in delivery, we created a tool not overly tailored to one unique context. Conclusions. User-Centered Design can help maximize usability and usefulness when designing evidence-based practices, preparing contexts, and informing implementation strategies- in effect, harmonizing evidence-based practices, contexts, and implementation strategies to promote implementation and effectiveness.
Transcriptional response of Mar, Sox and Rob regulon against concentration gradient carbapenem stress within Escherichia coli isolated from hospital acquired infection
Authors: Chetri Shiela , Das Bhaskar Jyoti , Bhowmik Deepshikha , Chanda Debadatta Dhar , Chakravarty Atanu , Bhattacharjee Amitabha
Published: January 2020

Objective The present study was carried out to investigate the transcriptional response of marA (Multiple antibiotic resistance A gene), soxS (Superoxide S gene) and rob (Right-origin-binding gene) under carbapenem stress. Results 12 isolates over-expressing AcrAB-TolC efflux pump system and showing reduced expression of OmpF (Outer membrane porin) gene were selected for further study. Among them, overexpression of marA and rob was observed in 7 isolates. Increasing pattern of expression of marA and rob against meropenem was observed. The clones of marA and rob showed reduced susceptibility towards carbapenems.
Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of Toxocara canis infection among primary schoolchildren from rural areas of southern Thailand
Authors: Phasuk Nonthapan , Punsawad Chuchard
Published: January 2020

BackgroundHuman toxocariasis is a parasitic zoonosis caused by a parasite in the genus Toxocara and is transmitted mainly by accidental ingestion of embryonated Toxocara canis (dog round worm) or T. cati (cat round worm) eggs. Several studies reported that children were the main population at risk for T. canis infection. Currently, no reports on the seroprevalence of T. canis infection in Thailand are available, and its status remains unknown among children who live in rural areas of southern Thailand.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of T. canis infection and its associated risk factors among primary schoolchildren in rural areas of Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand.MethodsA total of 177 schoolchildren between 6 and 13 years of age were recruited between June and July 2019. Serum anti-T. canis IgG antibodies were detected with a commercial ELISA kit. A questionnaire administered by direct interviews was used to collect demographic and behavioral risk factor data.ResultsThe overall seroprevalence of T. canis infection was 58.2% (103 of 177). The univariate analysis revealed that schoolchildren who did not practice handwashing before a meal (crude odds ratio (COR) = 3.67, 95% CI: 1.93-6.95, P < 0.001), did not practice hand washing after animal contact (COR = 2.89, 95% CI: 1.53-5.47, P = 0.001), and drank untreated water (COR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.00-3.48, P = 0.049) had an increased risk of acquiring T. canis infection. However, after adjusting for confounders, only a lack of handwashing before a meal remained a significant risk factor (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.11-4.34, P = 0.023). Age, sex, owning a dog and eating fresh vegetables were not significantly associated with T. canis infection in the current study.ConclusionsThis is the first serological investigation of T. canis infection among schoolchildren in Thailand. The high rate of Toxocara seropositivity reflected high levels of exposure to T. canis among schoolchildren in rural areas of southern Thailand. The results also provide baseline data regarding modifiable risk behaviors for effective T. canis infection prevention strategies in southern Thailand, especially strengthening hand washing practices among schoolchildren.
Development of polyclonal antisera against movement proteins of the three poleroviruses infecting cucurbits and their serological relationships
Authors: Zhang Shao-kang , Zhao Tian-yu , Shi Xing , Liu Yu-zi , Wang Ying , Zhang Zong-ying , Li Da-Wei , Yu Jia-lin , Han Chenggui
Published: January 2020

Background: Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (CABYV), Melon aphid-borne yellows virus (MABYV) and Suakwa aphid-borne yellows virus (SABYV) are three critical viruses infecting cucurbit crops. The preparation of specific antiserum against the virus is crucial for both the detection of virus and understanding the functions of the related genes. However, there is no report about detecting the three viruses using antisera against movement proteins (MP). Methods: In this study, we constructed prokaryotic expression vectors of the three viral movement proteins and transferred them into Escherichia coli strain Rosetta to purify the fusion proteins. Then the polyclonal antisera were obtained by immunizing New Zealand white rabbits. Western blotting was used to demonstrate the applicability of the three antisera. Results: We discovered that the titer of antiserum against MP CABYV reached to 1: 512000, and the titers of antisera against MP MABYV and MP SABYV reached to 1:256000. The optimized working concentration range for the three antisera was from 1:10000 to 1:64000. Both antisera against MP CABYV and MP MABYV could only react with the corresponding MP. The antiserum against MP SABYV not only had the strongest reaction with its MP but also could react with MP CABYV and MP MABYV at relative weaker levels and all the three antisera had no serological reactions with other poleroviruses tested. Furthermore, our results showed that the three antisera could specifically detect movement proteins both in Nicotiana benthamiana and cucumber leaves. Conclusions: We have established a sensitive system for detecting three poleroviruses infecting cucurbits by antisera against movement proteins, providing a material foundation for the future research on both the serological detection of viruses and the interaction mechanisms between the virus and host plants.
Microbial and inflammatory parameters during the process of non-surgical treatment of Peri-implantitis: Topical minocycline application
Authors: Shwe Yee Mon , Inoue Kensuke , Yamamoto Maiko , Hidemi Nakata , Kuroda Shinji , Kasugai Shohei
Published: January 2020

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Deep learning-based dental plaque detection on primary teeth: a comparison with clinical assessments
Authors: You Wenzhe , Hao Aimin , Li Shuai , Wang Yong , Xia Bin
Published: January 2020

Background: Dental plaque is the cause of many common oral diseases (e.g., caries, gingivitis, and periodontitis). Therefore, the detection and control of dental plaque are of great significance to children’s oral health. The objectives of this study are to design an artificial intelligence (AI) model based on deep learning to detect dental plaque on primary teeth and evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the AI model. Methods : A convolutional neural network (CNN) framework was adopted, and a total of 886 photos of primary teeth taken by an intraoral camera (1280*960 pixels; TPC Ligang, Shenzhen, China) were used for training the AI model. To validate the clinical feasibility, 98 photos of primary teeth taken by the intraoral camera were assessed by the AI model. Additionally, teeth photos were taken with a digital camera (3216*2136 pixels, Canon EOS 60D, Japan). One experienced pediatric dentist looked at these photos and drew the region of dental plaque on them. Then, a plaque-disclosing agent was applied, and the areas of dental plaque were identified. The mean intersection-over-union (MIoU) was employed to indicate the detection accuracy. Results : Compared to that of the dentist, the AI model demonstrated a higher MIoU (0.6947 vs 0.7364). However, the 2 modalities yielded no significant difference in diagnosing dental plaque on primary teeth (P > .05). Conclusions : The AI model showed clinically acceptable performance in detecting dental plaque on primary teeth compared with the experienced pediatric dentist. This finding illustrates the potential application in adopting such AI technology in helping children improve their oral health.
Health beliefs and barriers related to hiv prevention and screening among students of the university of vlora: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Lalo Rezarta , Theodhosi Gjergji , Breshanaj Alberta
Published: January 2020

Previous researchers have found that young university students can have a high level of knowledge about HIV/AIDS (Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome), but they are still not utilizing the existing HIV prevention methods. There is therefore a need to determine which factors and barriers influence the use of existing HIV screening and prevention methods among students of the University of Vlora in Albania. This descriptive cross-sectional study included as a target population 710 students, randomly selected. A structured, self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. A regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between variables. The results showed that 69% of the students felt ofended if their partner requested to use a condom. 78% of the students with sexual experience didn’t used Voluntary Counseling and Testing services. The fear of stigmatization was one of the barriers to VCT uptake (p<0.0001, OR=1.779). These data will be useful in designing and improving HIV/AIDS prevention programs in Albania. Key words: Barriers, Health beliefs, HIV/AIDS, Screening, Sexual Health, Student.
Establishing the HLS-M-Q18 short version of the European Health Literacy survey questionnaire for the Malaysian context
Authors: Mohamad Emma , Kaundan Manimaran Krishnan , Hamzah Mohammad Rezal , Azlan Arina Anis , Ayub Suffian Hadi , Sern Tham Jen , Ahmad Abdul Latiff
Published: January 2020

Background The European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q47) is becoming a widely used tool to measure health literacy (HL), including in Malaysia. There are efforts to reduce the 47 item scale to parsimonious short item scales that still reflects the assumptions and requirements of the conceptual model. This study used confirmatory factor analysis to reduce the 47 item scale to a short scale that can offer a feasible HL screening tool with sufficient psychometric properties.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted on the Malaysian population based on racial distribution to ensure that the short version instrument reflects the country’s varied ethnicities. The survey was administered by well-trained interviewers working for the Ministry of Health Malaysia. A total of 866 responses were obtained. Data was analysed using multi-factorial confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with categorical variables.Results The analysis resulted to a satisfactory 18-item model. There were high correlations among the 18 items. The internal consistency reliability was robust, with no floor/ceiling effects. These results represented equivalence and consistency among the responses to items, suggesting that these items were homogenous in measuring people's health literacy. The strong convergent and discriminant validity of the model makes the proposed 18 items a suitable short version of health literacy instrument.Conclusions The researchers proposed the 18 items to be named HLS-M-Q18. This short version instrument may be used in measuring the health literacy index in Malaysia as it achieved robust reliability, structural validity and construct validity that fulfilled goodness-of-fit criteria.
Temporal and textual analysis of social media on collective discourses during the Zika virus pandemic
Authors: Lwin May Oo , Lu Jiahui , Sheldenkar Anita , Cayabyab Ysa Marie , Han Andrew Yee Zi , Smith Helen Elizabeth
Published: January 2020

Background: While existing studies have investigated the role of social media on health-related communication, little is known about the potential differences between different users groups on different social media platforms in responses to a health event. This study sets out to explore the online discourse of governmental authorities and the public in Singapore during the recent Zika pandemic in 2016. Methods: Social media data were extracted from Facebook and Twitter using retroactive keyword sourcing of the word “Zika” to search for posts and a location filter of “Singapore”. Government posts, public posts, and replies to these original posts were included in the temporal and textual analysis. Results: Overall, Facebook contained more government and individual content whereas Twitter had more content from news media accounts. Though the relative volume of Zika content from different data sources paralleled the peaks and troughs of Zika activities across time, discourses from different data sources differed in their temporal patterns, such that the public discourse died down faster than the government discourse after the outbreak was declared. In addition, the content of discourses differed among data sources. While government discourse included factual information of the disease, public discourse contained more elements of care such as worry about the risks to pregnant women, and elements of community such as well-wishes to each other. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates the temporal and content differences between user groups and social media platforms in social media conversations during the Zika pandemic. It suggests that future research should examine the collective discourse of a health event by investigating social media discourses within varied sources rather than focusing on a singular social media platform and by one particular type of users.
Automated Detection and Classification of Ki-67 Stained Nuclear Section Using Machine Learning Based on Texture of Nucleus to Measure Proliferation Score for Prognostic Evaluation of Breast Carcinoma
Authors: Kumar Anil , Prateek Manish
Published: January 2020

Background: This study aimed significance of Ki-67 labels and calculated the proliferation score based on the counting of immunopositive and immunonegative nuclear sections with the help of machine learning to predict the intensity of breast carcinoma.Methods: BreCaHAD (Breast Cancer Histopathological Annotation and Diagnosis) dataset includes various malignant cases of different patients in their routine diagnosis. It contains H&E stained microscopic histopathological images at 40x magnification and stored in .tiff format using RGB band. In this study, the method start with preprocessing that focuses on resizing, smoothing and enhancement. After preprocessing, it is decomposed RGB sample into HSI values. BreCaHAD data set is hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained, where brown and blue color level have a major role to differentiate the immunopositive and immunonegative nuclear sections. Blue color in RGB and Hue in HSI are the intrinsic characteristic of H&E Ki-67. The shape parameters are calculated after segmentation preceded by Otsu thresholding and unsupervised machine learning. Morphological operators help to solve the problem of overlapping of nucleus section in sample images so that the counting will be correct and increase the accuracy of automatic segmentation.Result: With the help of nine morphological features and supported by unsupervised machine learning technique on BreCaHAD dataset, it is predicted the label of breast carcinoma. The performance measures like precision: 95.7%, recall: 93.8%, f-score: 94.74%, accuracy: 0.9088, specificity: 0.6803, BCR: 0.7975 and MCC: 0.5855 are obtained in proposed methodology which is better than existing techniques. Conclusion: This study developed an efficient automated nuclear section segmentation model implemented on BreCaHAD dataset contains H&E stained microscopic biopsy images. Potentially, this model will assist the pathologist for fast, effective, efficient and accurate computation of Ki-67 proliferation score on breast IHC carcinoma images.
Drug resistance pattern of M. tuberculosis in those who developed the disease after exposure to MDR/XDR pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Glebov K. A. , Guseva V. A. , Burmistrova I. A. , Lovacheva O. V. , Samoylova A. G. , Vasilyeva I. A.
Published: January 2020

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Primary Gastric Lymphomas
Authors: Danilenko Anatolii Aleksandrovich , Shakhtarina S.V. , Falaleeva N.A.
Published: January 2020

Primary gastric lymphomas (PGL) are more common than lymphomas with involvement of other organs and cover a wide spectrum of immunomorphological variants: from indolent marginal zone lymphoma to aggressive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. PGLs are not characterized with any specific clinical manifestations, which sometimes leads to misdiagnosis. Due to the rareness of the disease many PLG-relat-ed issues remain unresolved, this provided the background for the present review.
Estimation and comparison of reference evapotranspiration using different methods to determine olive trees irrigation schedule in different bioclimatic stages of Tunisia
Authors: Bchir Amani , Lemeur Raoul , Mariem Fethi Ben , Boukherissa Najet , Gariani Wafa , Sbaii Haifa , Dhiab Ali Ben , Gueddes Samia Ben Mansour , Braham Mohamed
Published: January 2020

The study of olive trees water requirements allows a better water management by using more accurate methods including maximum parameters of the continuum soil-plant- atmosphere. The Penman-Monteith equations is consideredas the most rational approach and the most reliable for calculating evapotranspiration. Only this approach necessarily requires an important number of climate parameters. The use of other equations, less complicated and using less climate parameters may be a reliable and efficient alternative. This experimental study was carried out on two cultivars cv. "Meski" and cv. "Chemlali" conducted in the intensive system in different bioclimatic stages (Subhumid, Semi-Arid and Arid) in Tunisia. This work aims to estimate olive trees water needs using evapotranspiration calculation in three different bioclimatic stages. For that, we compared the Penman-Monteith formula with Blaney-Criddel, Hargreaves-Temperature, Hargreaves- Radiation and Priestley-Taylor formulas to estimate reference evapotranspiration (ET0). Results show that ET0 values calculated by Priestley-Taylor and Blaney-Criddel formulas were more or less similar to Penman-Monteith. The ET0 values found by Hargreaves-Temperature and Hargreaves-Radiation were twice the values calculated by Penman-Monteith formula. We also found good correlations between the reference evapotranspiration calculated by the Penman-Monteith equation and that calculated by Priestley-Taylor and Blaney-Criddel equations in all bioclimatic stages (R2 more than 0.85, p < 1%). The ET0 sensitivity analysis has shown that solar radiation and air temperature (energetic climatic parameters) have the dominant effect on the ET0 at the level of the different climatic regions. Accordingly, in the case of lack of some climatic parameters and in sub-humid, semi-arid and arid conditions and for the different phenological stages of the olive tree, we can use Priestley-Taylor and/or Blaney-Criddle formulas to estimate water needs.
Humoral markers of endothelial dysfunction in children of the first year of life born with intrauterine growth retardation syndrome
Authors: Zakharova S. Yu. , Levina L. G.
Published: January 2020

The article presents data on the functional state of endothelium in children of the first year of life, born with different variants of intrauterine growth retardation syndrome. The main group consisted of 60 full-term newborns with hypotrophic and hypoplastic variants of intrauterine growth retardation syndrome. The comparison group included 20 full-term newborns with normal anthropometric indicators. The examination was conducted on 7–10 days of life and at the age of 1 year of life. Newborns of the main group had deviations in health status: perinatal damage to the central nervous system, anemia, irregular colonization of the intestinal microflora, hyperbilirubinemia. Violations of the functional state of the endothelium was manifested by a change in the ratio of vasoconstrictors and vasodilators, in particular, a reduced content of endothelin-1 and nitric oxide in the blood and an increased content of renin and vascular endothelial growth factor. During the first year of life, all children were diagnosed with physical underdevelopment. Violation of the functional state of the endothelium was manifested by an increase in the level of endothelin-1, which is a vasoconstrictor. The results obtained allow to suggest that the identified changes contribute to the disruption of blood circulation and gas exchange in the organs and systems that ensure the growth and development of children.
Justification of tax regulation tools to support the poor
Authors: Naidenko Oleksii
Published: January 2020

The system of taxation of personal income in Ukraine does not allow fully implementing the principle of social justice, which is regulated by the Tax Code of Ukraine. This is because in many cases, the taxpayers’ solvency is not taken into account when setting tax rates. The Ukrainian legislation does not regulate the list of poor people, and there is no clear compensatory mechanism of assistance to these social groups. As a result, the number of poor people is growing and, therefore, the social tension is increasing in Ukraine. The article focuses on the poor performance of Ukraine in various indices of socio-economic development, which results in the growth of poor people. There was no clear legislation to classify the poor in Ukraine. A list of poor people is offered. The main directions of poverty reduction in European countries are analyzed. Attention is drawn to the poor status of poverty reduction in Ukraine through tax policies, due to the poor implementation of the Poverty Reduction Strategy by the executive authorities. The instruments of tax regulation of low-income population in EU countries are considered, the main ones being tax rebate (tax credit), tax exemption, non-taxable minimum, and reduced tax rate. The list of instruments for tax regulation of low-income population in EU countries and Ukraine is summarized. The progressive scale of taxation of personal income is substantiated. The list of poor people is generalized. A non-taxable minimum income indicator is proposed based on the indicator used to determine the limit for applying the tax social benefit. Given the experience of EU countries, the introduction of separate instruments for tax regulation of low-income groups in Ukraine is justified.
Forming the life insurance companies’ reputation in Ukrainian realities
Authors: Okhrimenko Oksana , Manaienko Iryna
Published: January 2020

Insurers’ understanding of reputation importance is a key factor of their successful performance at the market. It particularly concerns life insurance sector, which has a significant development potential in Ukraine.The article aims at deepening scientific and practical essentials concerning the formation of life insurance companies’ reputation in conditions of market competition aggravation and insurance market conjuncture volatility.Based on ranking assessments used in Ukraine (Insurance Top, Mind, “My insurance agent” and the ranking of the corporate reputation management quality “REPUTATIONAL ACTIVists”), the need for ensuring the insurers’ reputation stability in conditions of acute competition at the market was substantiated. The results of financial statements analysis and corporate governance reporting of insurance companies ASKA-LIFE, TAS, KD Life, PZU Ukraine, UNIQA Life, MetLife were presented. It was substantiated that, within studying the life insurance companies’ reputation, along with main financial indicators, there is a need to analyze in details such indicators as insurance premiums and investment income for one insured from savings life insurance, average payments, current accounts payable, etc.It was proved that for reputation capital development, it is worth strengthening the role of corporate social responsibility, and to consider insurance companies’ assessment on the part of clients and employees who are brand advocates and affect the companies’ reputation formation.
EMEKLİLİK FON YÖNETİCİLERİNİN YATIRIM İNANÇLARI ÜZERİNE YAZIN TARAMASI
Authors: ÖNKAL Dilek , JANSSON Magnus , ERYILMAZ Filiz , SONSINO Doron
Published: January 2020

Son yıllarda emeklilik fonlarının yönetimine ilişkin yaklaşımda büyük bir değişim yaşanmaktadır. Yaşanan bu değişimin emeklilik fonlarının işletme modellerini ve yatırım işlevlerini nasıl tasarlamaları gerektiği konusunda derin etkileri olmuştur. Bu noktada emeklilik fonlarının sermaye piyasalarının işleyişini nasıl algıladığı ve emeklilik fonu kuruluşlarının bu görüşleri ile müşterilerine nasıl bir değer katabilecekleri konusunda yatırım inaçlarını formüle etmeleri gerektiği anlaşılmıştır. Yatırım inançları temelde bir emeklilik fonunun gelecekteki performansını etkileyen yatırım felsefesi ve yatırım sürecindeki stratejik seçimlerini ele almaktadır. Bir diğer deyişle emeklilik kurumunun temel hedeflerinin ne olduğunu ve söz konusu temel hedeflere nasıl ulaşmayı hedeflediklerini göstermektedir. Bu bağlamda bu çalışmada ilk olarak emeklilik fonlarına ait yatırım inançlarının neler olduğu ele alınacak ve ardından konu ile ilgili yapılan ampirik çalışmalara yer verilerek bu konuda gelecek çalışmalara önerilerde bulunulacaktır.
DİVAN-I HÜMAYUN KARARLARINDA BURSA VAKIFLARI (1553-1649)
Authors: ÇAKMAK Abdullah
Published: January 2020

Vakıflar, sosyal hayatta yerine getirdiği birçok
hizmetle Osmanlı medeniyetinin önemli müesseseleri arasında yer almaktadır. Bu
yönüyle Osmanlı sosyal ve iktisadi hayatını, vakıflar özelinde inceleyen birçok
çalışma bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmalarda araştırmacıların sıklıkla kullandığı iki
belge türü vakfiye ve kadı (şerʽiyye) sicilleridir. Bununla birlikte Osmanlı
vakıflarıyla ilgili önemli bilgileri ihtiva eden Mühimme Defterleri serisinin
ise çalışmalarda yeterince incelenmediği görülmektedir. Bu çalışma; Divan-ı
Hümayun toplantılarında Bursa vakıflarıyla ilgili alınan kararları konu
edinmektedir. Çalışmamızın ana kaynağını ise 1553-1649 yıllarını kapsayan
klasik dönem Mühimme Defterleri oluşturmaktadır. Buna göre; konuyla ilgili
tespit edilen hükümlerden hareketle; alınan kararlarda hangi vakıfların yer
aldığı, dava başvurusunun nasıl gerçekleştirildiği, dava konularının mahiyeti
ve kararların vakıfları nasıl etkilediği gibi konular incelenmiştir.
Healing without Surgery: A Case of Supernumerary Tooth,
Authors: Mosaico Giovanna , Viganò Luca , Orrù Germano , Casu Cinzia
Published: January 2020

Background:

Supernumerary teeth are present in 0,2-3% of the population. Multiple supernumeraries are often associated with syndromes such as cleidocranial dysplasia and Gardner's syndrome. They often hinder the permanent eruption’s teeth, causing cavities, periodontal lesions, pulp necrosis, and in some cases follicular cysts. Reactive lesions such as fibroma, local fibrous hyperplasia, pyogenic granuloma, and peripheral ossifying fibroma are frequent gingival lesions.

Materials and Methods:

We reported a case of a 9 years old patient with the missed eruption of a permanent element caused by a supernumerary tooth, associated with an exophytic palatine lesion. The deciduous incisor was still present and the supernumerary included. It was decided to proceed with the extraction of the deciduous and to wait for scheduling checks every two months. After a few months, the conoid shape supernumerary tooth erupted in the maxillary arch, so a fixed orthodontic therapy was performed to create the space for the central incisor’s eruption.

Results:

After a few months, the tooth began to erupt in the arch thanks to orthodontic traction. The patient was instructed to correct and specific oral hygiene maneuvers to lower the plaque index and try to reduce gingival hypertrophy.

Conclusion:

Supernumerary teeth often hinder the eruption and development of the related permanent tooth causing localized periodontal problems. Corrective fixed orthodontics requires more strict oral hygiene to avoid periodontal complications.
Role of Dental Implant Homecare in Mucositis and Peri-implantitis Prevention: A Literature Overview
Authors: Checchi Vittorio , Racca Fabrizio , Bencivenni Davide , Lo Bianco Laura
Published: January 2020

Background:

Correlation between high plaque index and inflammatory lesions around dental implants has been shown and this highlights the importance of patient plaque control. Until now, knowledge of peri-implant home care practices has been based on periodontal devices.

Objective:

The aim of this overview is to identify the presence of scientific evidence that peri-implant homecare plays a role in mucositis and peri-implantitis prevention.

Methods:

Different databases were used in order to detect publications reflecting the inclusion criteria. The search looked into peri-implant homecare studies published from 1991 to 2019 and the terms used for the identification of keywords were: Dental implants, Brush, Interproximal brushing, Interdental brushing, Power toothbrush, Cleaning, Interdental cleaning, Interspace cleaning, Flossing, Super floss, Mouth rinses, Chlorhexidine. The type of studies included in the selection for this structured review were Randomized Clinical Trials, Controlled Clinical Trials, Systematic Reviews, Reviews, Cohort Studies and Clinical cases.

Results:

Seven studies fulfilled all the inclusion criteria: 3 RCTs, one Consensus report, one cohort study, one systematic review and one review. Other 14 studies that partially met the inclusion criteria were analyzed and classified into 3 different levels of evidence: good evidence for RCTs, fair evidence for case control and cohort studies and poor evidence for expert opinion and case report.

Conclusion:

Not much research has been done regarding homecare implant maintenance. Scientific literature seems to show little evidence regarding these practices therefore most of the current knowledge comes from the periodontal literature. Manual and powered toothbrushes, dental floss and interdental brushes seem to be useful in maintaining peri-implant health. The use of antiseptic rinses or gels does not seem to have any beneficial effects.

It can be concluded that to better understand which are the most effective home care practices to prevent mucositis and peri-implantitis in implant-rehabilitated patients, new specific high evidence studies are needed.
Position of the Mandibular Foramen in Different Facial Shapes Assessed by Cone-Beam Computed Tomography - A Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study
Authors: Correa Silvan , Lopes Motta Rogério H. , Silva Milena B. Fellipe , Figueroba Sidney R. , Groppo Francisco C. , Ramacciato Juliana C.
Published: January 2020

Purpose:

The mandibular foramen, located on the internal surface of the mandibular ramus, is an important anatomical landmark for the success during the inferior alveolar nerve block. This cross-sectional retrospective study aimed to evaluate the location of the mandibular foramen through Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) in different facial shapes.

Materials and Methods:

The determination of the location of the mandibular foramen was performed using CBCT of mesocephalic, dolichocephalic and brachycephalic patients (n=40 each). The ramus width (W), the distance from the mandibular foramen to the deepest point of the anterior border of the mandibular ramus (D), the distance from the mandibular foramen to the lowest point of the mandibular notch (V) and the distance from the inferior border of the mandible to the lowest point in of the mandibular border (R), as well as the ratios W/D and V/R, were measured. ANCOVA, two-way ANOVA and Chi-square tests were used to analyze the variation among the facial shapes.

Results:

The ramus width (W) was greater (p<0.0001) in the brachycephalic (28.4±0.5 mm) than in both mesocephalic (26.8±0.36 mm) and dolichocephalic (25.5±0.39 mm) patients. D (p=0.0433) and R (p=0.0072) were also greater in the brachycephalic (17.7±0.36 mm; 43.4±0.75 mm, respectively) than dolichocephalic (16.5±0.3 mm; 40.3±0.63 mm, respectively), but both did not differ from mesocephalic (17.3±0.36 mm; 41.8±0.66 mm, respectively) patients. The other measurements (V, W/D and R/V) did not significantly differ among facial shapes.

Conclusion:

The localization of the mandibular foramen was, in the horizontal direction, more posterior in the brachycephalic patients and, in the vertical direction, higher in the dolichocephalic patients, when compared to the other groups analyzed. Thus, the anatomic data found in this study may help dentists to increase the success of the inferior alveolar nerve block and prevent surgical complications.
Is Transferrin Saturation a Useful Marker of Iron Metabolism in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Treated with Hemodialysis?
Authors: Kwiatkowska Ewa , Opara Martyna , Kwiatkowski Sebastian , Domański Leszek , Marchelek-Myśliwiec Małgorzata , Ciechanowski Kazimierz
Published: January 2020

Background:

According to the currently applicable KDIGO-2012 and ERBP 2013 guidelines, iron metabolism assessments for patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) are performed using such parameters as ferritin concentration and Transferrin Saturation (TSAT). Their values are to be treated as a basis on which to decide on providing iron substitution. Patients with Stage 5 CKD on maintenance hemodialysis commonly suffer from malnutrition syndrome and inflammation. One of the markers for malnutrition and inflammation is low transferrin concentration. Our study focused on establishing what percentage of patients this applied to and whether or not the transferrin saturation figure was artificially inflated in such cases.

Materials and Methods:

The study group included 66 patients with Stage 5 CKD on maintenance hemodialysis. Such data were analyzed as complete blood count, iron and ferritin concentrations, and Transferrin Saturation (TSAT). Other parameters - age, sex, time from their first hemodialysis, and the quality of their dialysis in the last six months – the Kt/V average.

Results:

It was found that only 12% of the study group patients had their transferrin concentrations above the lower limit of normal. The TSAT value correlated negatively with transferrin concentration. Transferrin concentration correlated negatively with time from first hemodialysis or ferritin concentration, and positively with body weight. Normal transferrin concentration was only seen in patients with ferritin concentrations of up to 400 μg/L. The group was divided according to transferrin concentration of <1.5 g/L or >1.5 g/L. These groups differed significantly in ferritin concentration and transferrin saturation. (p = 0.0005 and p = 0.004, respectively). The 1.5 g/L transferrin concentration point divides patients with mild and medium malnutrition. It is also the minimum transferrin content necessary to achieve hemoglobin values ≥10 g/dL determined using the ROC curve.

Conclusion:

Low transferrin concentrations cause abnormally high TSAT values. In most patients on maintenance hemodialysis, this marker is not useful for assessing the availability of iron for erythropoiesis.
Waiting Time of Public Transport Passengers in Jordan: Magnitude and Cost
Authors: Shtayat Amir , Abu Alfoul Mohammed , Moridpour Sara , Al-Hurr Njoud , Magableh Khalid , Harahsheh Ishraq
Published: January 2020

Aim:

This paper is a research study investigating the magnitude and cost of waiting time as experienced by public transport users in Jordan. This study also used spatial analysis to measure services provided for public transport routes according to the average waiting time.

Methods:

The data for waiting time of public transport users were collected using field observation and a professional spatial analysis applied to identify several locations experiencing short time delays.

Results:

This study found a relationship between the total costs of waiting time, including wasted time and money, and revealed that the money spent by the passengers was more than their average monthly income.

Conclusion:

The findings can be used as valuable information for researchers, government policy-makers, and transport agencies to firstly, develop more punctual public transport modes; and secondly, manage public transport trips to minimize time delays.
Influence of Disturbance on Avian Communities in Agricultural Conservation Buffers in Mississippi, USA
Authors: Adams Heidi L. , Burger L. Wes , Riffell Sam
Published: January 2020

Introduction:

Periodic disturbance of agricultural conservation buffers is required to maintain early successional plant communities for grassland birds. However, a disturbance may temporarily reduce the availability of vegetation cover, food, and nesting sites in a buffer.

Objective:

Our objective was to determine how the type of disturbance (i.e., prescribed burning, light disking) and time since the last disturbance event in agricultural conservation buffers influence the grassland bird community.

Methods:

Data collected during line-transect surveys conducted in 46 agricultural conservation buffers in northeast Mississippi during the 2007-2009 breeding seasons (May-early August) demonstrate periodic disturbance through prescribed burning and light disking does not influence breeding bird diversity or density in the buffers.

Results:

Density of Dickcissels (Spiza americana), Red-winged Blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus), and Indigo Buntings (Passerina cyanea) did not differ in the buffers regardless of the type of or time since disturbance.

Conclusion:

Large effect sizes, however, indicate a potential type two error resulting from this conclusion. Thus, based on relative effect sizes, avian density in undisturbed buffers may be greater than in buffers during their first growing season post-disturbance. Relative effect sizes among estimates also indicate disturbance, namely prescribed burning, may lead to greater densities of breeding birds in agricultural conservation buffers. Though disturbance may initially reduce avian density, it is necessary to maintain long-term early-successional herbaceous habitat in agricultural conservation buffers.
Health-Related Quality of Life Among Admitted HIV/AIDS Patients in Selected Ethiopian Tertiary Care Settings: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Zeleke Negera Getandale , Ayele Mega Teshale
Published: January 2020

Background:

The introduction of Combined Antiretroviral Therapy (cART) shifted the perception of HIV/AIDS from a fatal to a potentially manageable chronic disease. As a result, patient-perceived health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is becoming an important outcome measure among HIV infected patients. We assessed the quality of life of admitted HIV/AIDS patients and the association of socio-demographic, clinical, and psychosocial characteristics of patients with health-related quality of life.

Methods:

Health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 1 to May 31, 2018 in selected tertiary care hospitals of Ethiopia. HRQoL was measured at discharge using the interviewer-administered World Health Organization’s Quality of Life HIV short-form instrument (WHOQoL-HIV BREF). Data were entered into EpiData 3.2 and exported to SPSS version 21.0 for cleaning and analysis. Descriptive analytical results were reported in text and table. Logistic regression was conducted to identify predictors of poor quality of life. Variables with p-value ≤ 0.25 in bivariate regression were considered as a candidate for multivariable regression. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify independent predictors. Regression coefficients and their 95% confidence intervals together with p-value < 0.05 were used to identify independent predictor of poor QoL.

Results:

Majority, 56 (58.9%) of the study participants, had poor general health-related quality of life. Being unemployed (AOR: 4.1, 95% CI; (1.23, 13.64); p=0.02), lack of support from family (AOR: 3.6, 95% CI: (1.05-12.6); p=0.04), and having co-morbidity (AOR: 4.2, 95% CI: (1.08, 16.65); p=0.039) were found to be independent predictors of poor quality of life.

Conclusions:

The study showed that the majority of the participants had poor health-related quality of life which was affected by unemployment, co-morbidity, and social support from family.
Epidemiological Profile of Injured Motorcyclists in Road Traffic Accident Treated in a Third-Level Hospital
Authors: Méndez-Magaña Ana Cecilia , Martínez-Melendres Berenice , Herrera-Godina Melva Guadalupe , Baez-Baez Maria Guadalupe Laura , Celis Alfredo , González-Estevez Guillermo
Published: January 2020

Background

In Mexico, motorcycle use is increasingly prevalent owing to the availability and low fuel consumption of the vehicle. With the increasing number of motorcycle users, the rate of injuries and mortality due to road traffic accidents has also increased.

Objective

The study aimed to describe the epidemiological profile of injured motorcyclists treated in a third-level hospital, who were involved in traffic accidents in Guadalajara's Metropolitan Area and Zapotlanejo municipality.

Methods

We realized a logistic regression model, where we included all variables with p<=0.25, they had three or less response options became in dummy variables for facilitate the analysis and we took as confounders factors either variables that modify up to 10% the value of Odd Ratio.

Results

In our study, we examined 180 injured motorcyclists. The factors that increases risk of severe injury at Metropolitan Zone of Guadalajara and Zapotlanejo’s town were as follows: the motorcycle was not functioning properly prior to the incident (OR 76.89, 2.08-2839.25), the motorcyclist consider had committed any traffic infraction at the time of the event (OR 6.88, 1.30-36.26), the injured live in Metropolitan Zone of Guadalajara (OR 7.58, 1.15-50.17), driving a motorcycle when the driver did not know if the vehicle was “salvage” or not (OR 113.84, 9.13-1419.96) and as protectors factors, we found that a person drove a motorcycle with brand not Italika (OR 0.06, 0.008-0.41) and the road traffic occurred by line road or intersection “+”(OR 0.10, 0.02-0.61).

Conclusion

This information allowed to observe that exist elements of motorcyclist, and the motorcycle and environment that increases or reduced severity injuries in this group, most important when they did not have a health insurance.
Calvijns spreken over de caro vivifica in de avondmaalsleer christologisch verstaan
Authors: Van der Kamp G.C.
Published: January 2020

This essay argues that Calvin’s Christology in its essence is defined by his Pneumatology. To that end it explores the concept of caro vivifica in Calvin’s eucharistic doctrine. Because of his participation in the life of the Eternal word the caro Christi has become life-giving, a reality in which Christians share when they receive his bodyand blood in the Holy Supper. In both cases the Holy Spirit is the agent of mediation. The concept of caro vivifica clarifies Calvin’s Christology because he understands the Word Incarnate to be a channel of life. Thus, in relationship to the Supper we may speak of a Spirit Christology as a complement to a Logos Christology.
De roeping door het evangelie
Authors: Van den Belt H.
Published: January 2020

According to a common view, the doctrine of the divine calling to salvation –along with the distinction between the outward calling and the inward or effectual calling – is specific for the Reformed tradition. This article, however, argues that the distinction is a catholic one, because it is rooted in the New Testament and from Augustine onward was common in Medieval theology. The early Reformation saw the calling as a proclamation of the Gospel – together with the Law – and emphasized the proclamation of the promises in the form of absolution for the true believers. In the polemics on predestination Calvin increasingly stressed the inner work of the Spirit as mark of election. Reformed Orthodoxy defined the inner calling as an effectual calling; the work of the Spirit is essentially the effect of the preaching of the gospel. In the later pietistic understanding the duplex vocatio became intertwined with the modern distinction between subject and object.
Dordt in Amsterdam
Authors: Visser P.J.
Published: January 2020

This essay answers the question: Can a confessional statement written 400 years ago be relevant in secular city such as Amsterdam? Although it can be discouraging to meet people who regard the gospel indifferently, this experience, paradoxically, brings out the relevance of the Canons of Dordt: it is God’s grace that converts people, not human effort. It is also painfully true that many Christians view the doctrine of election to be ahindrance, rather than a ‘doubling’ of God’s love. By his doubling love, God seeks and reaches people who are in no way prepared to accept it. At the same time, however, it should be acknowledged more strongly than do the Canons of Dordt, that God uses the ‘organic’ structures of life to bring people into his covenant.
Een laatste wagonnetje of op een zijspoor? Orthodox-gereformeerden en de cultuur
Authors: Visser C.
Published: January 2020

Although the Dutch Reformed attitudes to sexuality, the role of woman, and politics, have become more liberal, the nature of their accommodating to mainstream secular culture remains unclear, for the gap with the secular moral majority on many issues is (still) large. Nevertheless, in a super-diverse society the impact of the social context continues to create differences within the Reformed circles.