bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge Based Plastic Mold Cavity Design and Manufacturing System
Authors: Shen Yan Nan , Shao Jian
Published: August 2011

Knowledge based plastic mold cavity design and manufacturing system is presented. The system architecture is composed of user interface, application sub-system, feature technology, knowledge database and inference engine. The feature technology applied in this system includes feature recognition and feature matching which transforms the geometric model to feature model, and feature mapping which transforms product features into mold cavity features. Knowledge database and inference engine are critical for the knowledge based system. In this system, the knowledge database is divided into rule library and case library and the inference engine is integrated with Rule Based Reasoning (RBR) and Case Based Reasoning (CBR). The result shows that it can effectively integrate the information in the cavity design and manufacturing process and promote the mold design development.
Research on FEA and Optimizing for Structural Design of Pipelayer' Boom
Authors: Zhang Ju An , Guo Zhi Qiang , Xie Jin Fa
Published: August 2011

Based on the tool of the ANSYS Workbench software, the modeling of three-dimensional Entity, meshing and dealing of loads and constraints has been done on the pipelayer’boom. According to the finite element analysis of pipelayer’boom in three basic conditions by the parameter of width, height and thickness, the material consumption of making boom is significantly reduced. All this is done in the premise of ensuring the safety of pipelayer’ boom with the objective of minimizing the quality by the finite element optimization. And the results will be the theoretical basis of the design and improvement of Pipelayer’ boom.
Smooth B-Spline Curves Extension with Ordered Points Constraint
Authors: Xu Jin
Published: August 2011

An algorithm for extending B-spline curves with a sequence of ordered points constraint is presented based on the curve unclamping algorithm. The ordered points are divided into two categories: interpolation points and approximation points. The number of interpolation points increases gradually during the curve extension process. The most important feature of this algorithm is the ability to optimize the knots of the extended curve segment according to the ordered points. Thus, with minimum number of interpolation points, the maximum deviation of the extended curve segment from the ordered points is less than the given tolerance. The extended curve segment connects to the original curve with maximum continuity intrinsically. Several experimental results have shown the validity and applicability of the proposed algorithm.
A Visual Tracing Control Platform Based on Multi-Axis Linear Drive
Authors: Yu Wen Yong , Ouyang Qu
Published: August 2011

This paper intends to present a stable imaging platform for the visual system of autonomous robot, aiming at improving the non-optimal quality of image which is caused by tremor, vibration, slope alteration as well as rapid movement of the target during the moving process in intricate circumstances. According to the mechanism of human optical system, a bionic imaging platform driven by multi-axis linear motors is given, in which the function of swift tracing is integrated. Moreover, a better tracking effect and capacities of anti-interference can be available due to the high response of linear motor when comparing to the traditional bionic eye. This research also contributes fundamental approaches to the framework designs of the visual system of autonomous robot.
Recycling of Thermosetting Epoxy Molding Compound Waste into PVC Composites: Effect of Silane Coupling Agent on Morphology and Physical Properties
Authors: Xu Wen Jiao , Lu Shu Yu
Published: August 2011

The aim of this study was to investigate the recycling of waste cured epoxy molding compound (c-EMC) which was generated as the mold residue in molding process of electronic component packages, by way of blending the pulverized mold residue with poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) and other additives to prepare a reproduction composite. The influence of modified and non-modified c-EMC powder on structure and properties of the composites were analyzed by mechanical tests, vicat softening point test (VST) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that simple adding c-EMC powder could improve the stiffness and heat resistance of the composites, though decreased the mechanical strength of the composites. After being pretreated by silane coupling agent γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH-550), modified c-EMC powder had effective strengthening and toughening effects on the composites with the increasing powder content. Furthermore, better interfacial adhesion and higher VST value of the composites were observed in the presence of KH-550.
Stress Migration Induced Formation of Voids / Hillocks in Tungsten Films
Authors: Sun Hao Liang , Wei Ming
Published: August 2011

Stress migration behaviors in Tungsten (W) films were investigated according to morphological characteristics and residual stress analysis. Results show that stress relaxtion induced formation of voids and hillocks strips, which resembles the void / hillock pair observed in Cu film electromigration experiments. Analysis indicate that the formation of chocolate sphere shaped W hillocks is intimately related to the atoms diffusivity.
Discussion about Application of Composite Repair Technique in Pipeline Engineering
Authors: Ma Wei Feng , Luo Jin Heng , Cai Ke
Published: August 2011

Fiber composite repair reinforced steel pipeline structure is new technology developed in the nineties of the twentieth century, the technology is highly regarded in the world, has already become a development trend of repair reinforced steel pipeline structure. This paper reviews the problem existing, such as interfacial debonding, layered, empty drum, blank holder and no or incomplete sealing in the repair and reinforcement technique of composite during engineering application. The corresponding formation reason is primarily analyzed according to the construction experience. On the basis, it is pointed out that it is very necessary to establish the check and evaluating indicator system of the field construction acceptance process and field application effect of the fiber composite used in repairing and reinforcing the pipeline, which of the aim is to improve the repair and reinforcement quality and to obtain a full and clear understanding about the repair status and effect of the repair points in the repaired service pipeline.
The Influences of TiN Content on the Properties of the In Situ Al2O3-TiN Composites
Authors: Feng Xiu Mei , Lian Xiao Qing , Jiang Ming Xue , He Yi Ner
Published: August 2011

Tabular alumina, α-Al2O3powder, TiO2powder and metal aluminum powder in purity of 99%(by mass) were uesd to prepare the Al2O3-TiN composite ceramics by mechanical mixing and thermal reduction of aluminum in situ reaction sintering in the flow of nitrogen gas under atmospheric pressure;the influences of phase composition and microstructure changes at 1200°C-1500°C nitridation reaction in situ,different amount of TiN formations and sintering temperature on the properties of the samples were analyzed by thermal analysis, XRDand SEM. The results show that: TiO2was reduced by Al and then nitrided as TiN in the test temperature, the porosity has been increasesd while the bulk density has been decreased with the increased content of TiN formation because of the process of nucleation growth and the strong exothermic of the reaction.The mechanical properties of the composites are relatively better of TiN generated 10%content,because the structure of the skeleton formed by corundum was filled of part matrix evenly and was integrated closely by the matrix.
Assesment of Proposed Models for Determining Allowable FRP Tensile Strain for Mitigation of Debonding Failure in FRP-Strengthened RC Beams
Authors: Li Gui Bing , Guo Yu Gang , Sun Xiao Yan
Published: August 2011

intermediate crack-induced debondingis one of the most dominant failure modes in FRP-strengthened RC beams. Different code models or provisions have been proposed to mitigateintermediate crack-induced debondingfailure.However, these code models or provisions cannot mitigate this failure mode properly. Recently, mew models have been proposed.Out of all the existing proposed models, five typical ones are investigated in the current study. These main available proposed models for mitigating debonding failure of externally bonded ﬁber reinforced polymer composites appliedto concrete is evaluated based on data obtained from experimental programs. It is shown that all the evaluated proposed models exhibit a high level of dispersion, they are not suitable for limiting the allowable tensile strain at the initiation of debondingof FRP laminates.
Extenics Decision Model for Evaluating Mechanical Joint Interface of Reconfigurable Machine Tools
Authors: Ma Li Mei , Li Jian Yong , Xu Wen Sheng , Wang Ding Lei
Published: August 2011

In Reconfigurable machine tools (RMTs), the reconfiguration only occurs at the mechanical interface system composed of mechanical modules, joining mechanisms, or adapter mechanisms, and their reconfigurability degree depends strongly on the properties of its module interfaces. This paper investigates the performance criteria influencing the reconfigurability of module joint interfaces. An Extenics Element Model (EEM) method is proposed to model the component module of RMTs, module interfaces and the relationship between mechanical modules. Furthermore, the evaluation values are determined based on the Simple Dependent Function (SDF) to evaluate the reconfigurability of different joint interfaces. Finally, two types of joint interfaces between worktable and slide are presented to verify the proposed model and evaluation approaches.
Influence of Pulsed Current Annealing on Giant Magneto-Impedance Effects of Co Based Amorphous Ribbon
Authors: Jiang Feng , Bao Bing Hao
Published: August 2011

In this paper, the influence of pulsed current annealing on giant magneto-impedance (GMI) effect of Co66.3Fe3.7Si12B18 amorphous ribbon under different driving current is studied. The experiment results show that the GMI effect is closely related to the annealing current density. With the increase of annealing current density, the GMI ratio ΔZ/Z rises firstly and the maximal GMI ratio of 53.8% is obtained for the sample annealed at 104A/mm2. When annealing current density increases further, the GMI ratio begins to decrease. The mechanism of the pulsed current annealing affecting the GMI effect is explained qualitatively. This paper also discusses the influence of transverse anisotropy field HK induced by annealing on GMI effect. Proper transverse anisotropy field benefits the enhancement of the maximal GMI ratio, however, the GMI ratio will begin to fall as soon as exceeding the critical value.
Influence of Different Extraction Methods of Tea Polyphenols on Proportions of Catechins
Authors: Lai Rong Hui , Lai Xing Fei , Zhao Wen Xia , Huang Ya Hui
Published: August 2011

The catechins composition of tea polyphenols with different extracted methods was analysed by HPLC. The aim is to compare the extraction effect of water-extracting and alcohol-extracting method, the purification effect of solvent extraction and ionic precipitation method. The results indicated that organic solvent extraction method can improve the extraction rate of catechins, especially can increase the content of estered catechins. In the technic of organic solvent extraction, the total content of catechins can effectively be increased by using alcohol extraction. Ion precipitation can enhance the content of gallocatechins，while organic solvent extraction can raise the contents of catechins，EC and estered catechins.
Study of Cylinder Liner Based on Ultrasonic Plateau Honing
Authors: Cheng Quan , Sun Jie , Wang Jian Qing , Zhu Xi Jin
Published: August 2011

After the study on the cutting force of surging impulse in the ultrasonic plateau honing process, it was found that ultrasonic plateau honing has features that is either micro-honing or plateau honing. The research on the ultrasonic plateau honing experiment of cylinder liner using coarse honing, which can prove that every selected parameter match the standard of plateau honing. So this study is of great significance to the production of cylinder liner.
Thermal Post-Buckling Improvements of Laminated Composite Plates Using the Active Strain Energy Tuning Approach
Authors: Rasid Zainudin A , Zahari Rizal , Amran Ayob , Majid Dayang Laila , M. Rafie Ahmad Shakrine
Published: August 2011

Shape memory alloy was firstly used commercially as a hydraulic coupling in the Grumman F14A in 1971. It is today used among others to improve structural behaviours such as buckling of composite plates in the aerospace vehicles. In this paper, finite element model and its source code for thermal post-buckling of shape memory alloy laminated composite plates is presented. The shape memory alloy wires induced stress that improved the strain energy, stiffness and thus the buckling behaviour of the composite plates. The finite element formulation catered the combined properties of the composite and shape memory alloys, the addition of the recovery stress and the temperature dependent properties of the shape memory alloys and the composite matrix. This study showed that by embedding shape memory alloy within layers of composite plates, post-buckling behaviours of composite plates can be improved substantially.
Preparation of Monodisperse Poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide) Microgels with β-Cyclodextrin Moieties
Authors: Cheng Chang Jing , Xie Rui , Ju Xiao Jie , Chu Liang Yin
Published: August 2011

Submicron-sized monodisperse and spherical poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-glycidyl methacrylate)-β-cyclodextrin (PNG-CD) microgels with both thermo-responsive and molecular-recognition characteristics have been successfully fabricated via soap-free emulsion polymerization and subsequent chemical modification method. The thermo-responsivity of the microgels is based on the volume phase transition of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) and the molecular-recognition property is based on the host-guest inclusion complexation of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) units with specific guest molecules. The as-prepared microgels are characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) instrument. When β-CD is introduced onto the PNG-CD microgels, the volume phase transition temperature (VPTT) of resultant PNG-CD microgels shifts about 6 °C to a higher temperature in comparison with that of corresponding PNG microgels. When the β-CD units in PNG-CD microgels recognize 8-anilino-1-naphthal-enesulfonic acid ammonium salt (ANS) molecules in aqueous solution, the VPTT of PNG-CD microgels shifts around 3 °C negatively to a lower temperature. PNG-CD microgels present molecular-recognition induced swelling characteristics at fixed temperature. The results in this study provide valuable information for development of monodisperse and spherical dual thermo-responsive and molecular-recognition microgels which have potential applications in the fields of microscale molecular sensors and actuators and so on.
Friction Stir Processing for the Modification of Laser Claded Microstructure
Authors: Li Rui Di , Li Jing Long , Xiong Jiang Tao , Zhang Fu Sheng
Published: August 2011

According to the microstructure defects of laser claded nickel alloy, such as crack and nets brittle phase, the friction stir processing (FSP) method is utilized in this paper to modify microstructure defects by the coupled effect of thermal and stress of FSP. For this purpose, two key scientific problems of large deformation condition and microstructure evolution theory during FSP, are proposed in this paper. Based on this, the following issues are highlighted in this work. Firstly, obtain the friction condition of larger deformation by continuous dirved friction experiment. Secondly, study on the temperature (T), stress (σ), and strain velocity under different processing parameters via self-developed physical simulation apparatus. Thirdly, disclose the effects of T、σ、 on the microstructure evolution and then obtain the microstructure evolution equation by dynamic re-crystallization. The above work could provide theory support for the new technique of laser cladding and FSP for preparing high performance coating.
Study on Hoist Force Calculation of Hydraulic Lifting System Used in Pressure Balance Workover Rig
Authors: Zhou Si Zhu , Hu Xin Bin , Cao Li Ming , Zhu Ke Qiang , Liu Ben
Published: August 2011

Abstract. Pressure balance workover is an advanced downhole operation technique. It can hoist the strings of the tube or put it down under certain pressure. The research on pressure balance workover rig has become a hotspot in both domestic and overseas. Pressure balance workover operation technique has been widely used oversea. At the present time, relevant studies have been developed in China. In this paper, domestic and international technology status is fully analyzed, working principle of hydraulic lifting system is studied, then equivalent calculation model and calculation method of hoist force are put forward, calculation program of hoist force was compiled for the different oil pipe depth, curve and charts changing with the oil pipe depth are given, It provides a theory reference to field operation.
Performance of Vanadium Oxide on Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes/Titanium Electrode for Supercapacitor Application
Authors: Liu Ming Yang , Hsieh Tung Feng , Hsieh Chia Jung , Chuang Chia Chih , Shu Chi Min
Published: August 2011

Composite electrodes based on vertically aligned multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) coated with vanadium oxide (V2O5) have used in supercapacitors. The vanadium (V) oxide (V2O5) cathodically deposited on titanium collector in vanadium oxide solution. The novel supercapacitor performed by V2O5/MWCNTs/Ti electrode in 1.0 M HCl aqueous solution can reach a specific capacitance of 713.3 F/g at 10 mV/s, which is larger than that of MWCNTs/Ti. To characterize the V2O5/MWCNTs/Ti composite electrode, cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge method were executed, and the morphology of the composite electrode was examined by scanning electron microscope. This nanocomposite electrode greatly enhanced the utilization efficiency of supercapacitor electrode material, low material cost and provided both high capacitance and power density.
Synthesis of Hierarchically Porous ZSM-5 by Solvent-Evaporation Route
Authors: Zhang Hui Zhen , Zhu Xue Dong , Gao Yun Yi , Zhu Ka Ke
Published: August 2011

A hierarchically porous zeolite ZSM-5 is prepared under hydrothermal conditions by using hexadecyltrimethoxysilane as inhibitor and template. The physical and acid properties of the hierarchically porous ZSM-5 are characterized by XRD, SEM, N2 physisorption and NH3-TPD techniques. Benzene alkylation with methanol is carried out with both conventional and hierarchically porous ZSM-5 in a fixed bed reactor. The creation of mesoporosity in zeolite ZSM-5 promotes benzene conversion and xylene selectivity with respect to conventional counterpart.
Seed-Mediated Synthesis of one-Dimensional Fe3O4 Particles under Magnetic Field
Authors: Yu Pei Feng , Yang Xi Yun , Yuan Hai Wei
Published: August 2011

One-dimensional magnetite particles were prepared by a seed-mediated growth method under magnetic field. The amount of seed, seed size, PolyvinylPyrrolidone concentration (PVP) and reaction time have a significant effect on the morphology of the samples. The addition of a small amount of 100nm seeds leads to obtain rod-like particles, while chain-like particles are formed when the seed size is increased to 700 nm. The aspect ratio of the rod is controlled by varying the volume ratio of seed to iron salt. Increasing the reaction time is favorable to the formation of chain-like particles.
Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Mg-Al-Zn-Y Alloys
Authors: Zhang Ying Bo , Gao Hong , Quan Gao Feng , Liu Zhao Ming
Published: August 2011

The microstructures and mechanical properties of quasicrystal reinforced Mg-Al-Zn-Y alloys with different Y and Zn contents were investigated. The results show that I-phases and Mg17Al12 phases form in all alloys. When Y content exceeds 1.0 at.%, the blocky Al2Y particles form, and it is disadvantageous to improve tensile strength and elongation rate. The tensile failure modes of Mg-Al-Zn-Y alloys are quasi-cleavage fracture. The tensile strength and elongation rate increase firstly and then decrease with increasing Y and Zn contents. When Y content reaches 1.0 at.%, the tensile strength and elongation rate achieve the highest values.
High Strength Aluminum Nanocomposites Reinforced with Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Liao Jin Zhi , Tan Ming Jen , Santoso Andrew
Published: August 2011

Multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) reinforced aluminum (Al) nanocomposites were synthesized using powder metallurgy technique followed by hot extrusion. 0-3wt.% MWCNTs were incorporated. Simultaneous improvements in density, harness and tensile strength were obtained with the incorporation of MWCNTs in the Al matrix. An enhancement in tensile strength as high as 120% was obtained in the Al-2.0MWCNT compared to monolithic Al. A comparison was made between the experimental tensile strengths of the nanocomposites and the predicted ones determined by Kelly-Tyson model. It is found that declined value of the experimental result at higher MWCNT content (above 2wt.%), attributed to the clustering of the MWCNTs at higher addition.
Comparison of Crack Growth Models and Crack Closure Effect
Authors: Liu Wen Lin , Yang Ri Jie , Mu Zhi Tao , Liu Shu Yan , Yu Da Zhao
Published: August 2011

According to standard test method for fatigue crack growth rates of metallic materials, the crack growth rate of 30NCD16 at three stress ratio (R=0.1, 0.3 and 0.5) were measured. Based on linear elasticity fracture mechanics theory, the fatigue crack growth rate was studied through the nonlinear least squares fitting method. The Paris model parameters at steady growth region and near threshold growth region and NASGRO model parameters were obtained. The effective stress intensity factors versus curves at three stress ratios were determined by crack closure effect. The results show that the Paris equation can preferably describe relations at steady growth region. At this region the model parameter m lies 2.5-4. This result is consistent with the known statistical facts of most metallic materials. NASGRO equation can preferably describe relations from near threshold growth region to high values region. all the test data at three stress ratio was able to correlate and . Crack closure was the major factor in correlating stress ratio and crack growth rate, the degree of crack closure weaken with increasing stress ratio.
Analysis of Forming Mechanism of Thermal Damages on Friction Surfaces of Brake Disc
Authors: Yang Zhi Yong , Li Zhi Qiang , Chen Yue , Han Jian Min
Published: August 2011

There exist hotspots, fatigue cracks, and stress fracture on friction surfaces of steel or iron brake disc during service, and these thermal damages greatly contribute to the fatigue crack failure of the friction surfaces. So, it is very significant for researching on the forming mechanism of thermal damages above to prevent the fatigue failure of the friction surfaces from occurring. The method used in the paper is to combine FEM analysis with theoretical analysis. Forming mechanism, influencing factors and preventive measures of the thermal damages above was studied by use of the method. The temperature condition and microstructure evolution of hotspots, the behavior of thermal crack initiation and propagation and the distribution of thermal stress contributed to five constraints all were focused on.
Mechanism and Experimental Investigation on Silicon Wafer Hybrid Polishing by Ultrasonic-Elliptic-Vibration Chemical-Mechanical
Authors: Yang Wei Ping , Wu Yong Bo , Yang Hong Fei
Published: August 2011

Considering the technical status and existing problems of traditional silicon wafer chemical mechanical polishing (CMP), especially for the diameter of silicon wafer increasing, constantly, the surface quality and efficiency of silicon wafer polishing are becoming an urgent problem to be solved, so the research subject of ultrasonic vibration hybrid polishing new technique was proposed. By means of mechanism theoretical analysis research, firstly, the processing mechanism of hybrid polishing was studied systematically. An investigation of polishing mechanisms based on the micro-contact model between the polishing pad and the polishing surface of silicon wafer was developed. Polishing mechanism theoretical analysis shows that when ultrasonic vibrations combined with mechanical and chemical, the performance of polishing slurry is improved in the process of CMP, therefore to create favorable conditions. To verify the established theory, then, a series of experiments to investigate the traditional CMP are conducted, as well as the polishing tool with the forms of ultrasonic vibration, the polishing pad, the polishing surface quality, velocity at polishing point v, and slurry supplying Q on silicon wafer polishing. Experiment findings showed that, in the same polishing conditions, especially, hybrid polishing by ultrasonic-elliptic-vibration has gained more advantage over the effect of silicon wafer polishing. When ultrasonic-elliptic-vibration is put in polishing tool, the silicon wafer polished surface roughness Ra from the traditional method of polishing 0.077μm going down to the 0.042μm, the no-smooth rate KR which describes the polished surface morphology is significantly improved, and the material removal rate increases by 18%. Experimental research findings of the surface quality and the material removal mechanism are shown to be consistent with the theoretical analysis.
A Test Method of CCD Photoelectric Parameters
Authors: Qiao Nao Sheng , Yao Chun Mei , Li Yan , Chen Xue Juan
Published: August 2011

Until now, no effective method to measure CCD photoelectric parameters. To solve the problem, a novel measurement method that combines hardware with software is proposed, and it can let hardware and software collaborate with each other to finish assignment together. Firstly, the ideal relation between output voltage and input exposure quantity of CCD is given. Secondly, some main photoelectric parameters of CCD are elaborated. Then based on the principle, test system of CCD photoelectric parameters that combines hardware with software is designed. Lastly, the real relation between output voltage and input exposure quantity of CCD is given, and the test results of experiment of each photoelectric parameter are obtained according to the relation. What’s more, analysis and comparison of the results of the experiment are given in this paper. The method is reliable and the precision is high in the experiment.
Noise Test and Countermeasures Research of Locomotive Cab
Authors: Liu Yan , Liu Wen , Yang Bing , Zhang Xiao Pai , Zhang Ping , Zhong Zhi Fang
Published: August 2011

The locomotive cab noise has became an important factor in good health of the drivers through analyzing noise hazards of the locomotive cab, and the noise also can reduce working efficiency, easy to produce hidden trouble on security. Use Multi-channel Noise Test and Analysis System, measure the locomotive cab noise and analyze the results of the noise test, then get the conclusions from the noise spectrum: Locomotive cab noise occurs mainly in the low frequency range and intermediate frequency range; Wheel-rail noise and cooling room noise mainly are low frequency noise; Electrical equipment of the first locomotive cab contribute a major noise. Results of this study provide the basis for the vibration and noise reduction design of the locomotive cab.
Electro-Hydraulic Servo System Based on PID Control of Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Gong Jian Chun , Xie Yong Chun
Published: August 2011

In this paper, it mainly researches control arithmetic of electro-hydraulic servo system. In a tele-operated master-slave control system, a Fuzzy PD control strategy is adapted. In order to obtain real time track control to system and improve dynamic and static characteristic of system, three control parameters of PD are optimized by Genetic Algorithm (GA). Experimental results are shown that the sense of force is produced on the joy stick and the operator is able to feel sensitively the reaction forces. Secondly, the novel control strategy and optimization fuzzy PD arithmetic has good track precision and improves master-slave track characteristic of displacement and force feedback characteristic. At the same time, it has rather strong self-adaptability and anti-jamming capability.
Discussion about the Information Management and the Intellectualization of Unattended Substation
Authors: Li Yu Shu , Guo Zhi Hong , Yi Guang Ming
Published: August 2011

Carry on unattended substation at the voltage of 220kV and the following is a technological innovation which having the profound influence to the current power supply system, is also the most important technology safeguard measure of the downsizing for efficiency in the power supply system. Along with the development of modern communication technology, computer technology, network technology, automatic control technology, image technology, monitoring technology and weak electricity integration technology, we had already realized the image and the sound signal's digitization, the audio and video signal's processing and the long-distance transmission. To the substation, besides the remote measurement, the remote signaling, the remote control, and the remote regulating functions which have already realized, the remote monitoring has also increased which called “five remote”. The “five remote” caused unattended substation become the reality and give a higher request to the information management and the intellectualization simultaneously. According to many years unattended substation's operational guidance experience, I proposed my ideas about the information management and the intellectualization of unattended substation, I hope that it is helpful to the promotion of the unattended substation.
Metro Train Comfortableness-Based Operation Curve Simulation
Authors: He Chao Ming , Li Huan , Fei Guo Sheng , Wang Qiang
Published: August 2011

The metro train operation curve reflected the relations between the speed and the location of the train. The energy conservation and the time saving were mainly considered in the conventional metro train operation curve simulation. The metro train traction algorithm was studied and the actual train operation rules were followed to establish the genetic algorithm for optimizing the operation curve of the section, and consider the comfortableness of the section and the actual train operation curve. By stimulating, comparing and analyzing, the train operation curve was created with three elements of energy saving, time saving and comfortableness.
Theoretical Analysis and Experimental Study on Automatic Trajectory Tracking Control of a Shield Tunneling Machine under Pressure Regulation Working Mode
Authors: Xie Hai Bo , Duan Xiao Ming , Yang Hua Yong , Liu Zhi Bin
Published: August 2011

Hydraulic thrust system is a critical part of shield tunneling machine. Automatic trajectory tracking control is a significant task of thrust system during tunnel excavation. In this article, plane mechanical structure diagram of the thrust system and path planning method are illustrated at first. An integrated control system is proposed to achieve the automatic control of the thrust trajectory. The control system consists of one trajectory planning controller for both cylinders and an individual cylinder controller for each of hydraulic cylinders. Trajectory planning controller is used to generate respective displacement signals of double-cylinder in every thrust stroke and each of cylinder controllers is used to realize the precise control of the given thrust trajectory. Variable-gain PID control strategy applied to achieve the precise tracking control of thrust trajectory under several typical working conditions are done at last. The experimental results demonstrate that variable-gain PID control have good performances with short response time and small overshoot regardless of changes of working conditions.
Development of Manufacturing Execution Management System for Workshops Based on IOT Technology
Authors: Tang Cheng Pei , Xiao Xiao Hong
Published: August 2011

Due to complexity of managing discrete manufacturing workshops, it’s an urgent need to carry out information management for the manufacturing processes. This paper first analyses the application models and data types of Internet of Things (IOT) technology in the manufacturing process in workshops, puts forward overall design plan of the system, establishes the system functional model, and conducts analysis and design for the overall framework and functional model of the system, and then carries out detailed design for key functional modules such as data acquisition, production scheduling, workshop conditions monitoring
Study of Low Cost Micro Autopilot for Fixed-Wing UAV
Authors: Xiong Wei , Zhou Zhao Ying , Liu Xiao Yan
Published: August 2011

From the cost-effective viewpoint of low cost Bank-to-Turn (BTT) Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAV) and target drone, a low cost flight control system, with the fewest number of sensors, is studied in this paper for the fixed-wing UAV. The structure of the control system is described which is able to estimate necessary information to provide stabilization and guidance for a small fixed wing BTT UAV. The practical flight control system structure and control law for roll hold loop, altitude hold loop, trajectory tracking loop are designed based on the sensor configuration with only a MEMS rate gyro, a MEMS pressure sensor and global positioning system (GPS) receiver only. A prototype low cost autopilot is trial-produced to control a typical UAV. The Experimental results show the effectiveness of navigation and control methods of f the proposed methodology.
The Research of Printing Quality Based on Tri stimulus Value
Authors: Li Kai , Du Yuan
Published: August 2011

In order to meet the limitation of density detection based on color mixing theory in traditional printing quality control, the study has established a relational model for colorimetric tri-stimulus value and ink feeding volume. It builds a colorimetric mathematical model from the offset printing proof, and uses the regression theory to correct the metring model and determine the dummy blackprint. So it can solve the problem of indeterminate solution in conversion process from tri-stimulus value to dot coverage. It fits the functional relationship through both dot area variation value and dot density variation value accessed via Yule - Nielsen formula so as to connect them. The experiment shows that it is available to get ink volume deviation with standard proof by chromaticity measurement, and there is a significant linear relationship between the corrected Neugebauer equation coefficient and tri-stimulus value. After normalizing the precision of Neugebauer equation which has been improved, the nonlinear relationship exists both in density variation value and area variation value, and the precision of the model is well and can be applied to the actual manufacture.
A Novel Method of Establishing “Datum Reference” for the Coaxiality Measurements Using the Multi-Section and Multi-Probe Gauges
Authors: Xu Lian Hu , Yuan Yi Bao , Piao Wei Ying
Published: August 2011

The electronic or pneumatic multi-section and multi-probe gauges are widely used for diameter and coaxiality measurements due to their high measurement efficiency in workshops. However, their measurement accuracy is determined mainly by the manufacturing errors of the assembly coaxiality master, therefore, how to establish coaxiality measurement datum reference is the key technology. The physical coaxiality masters are expected to be the impossible "zero error datum reference". The higher manufacturing accuracy of the masters, the more expensive for their manufacturing costs. A novel mathematical method on the basis of error separation principle was proposed in order to separate the manufacturing errors of the master. The basic principle is that the eccentric error of the coaxiality master can be expressed as the first harmonic function and the ideal zero-error datum reference could be established by the mathematical method of two sampling operations in phase difference of 180° in coaxiality master for gauge initialization. This method can be called as "mathematical datum reference" for coaxiality measurement. Experimental results indicate that the coaxiality measurement results of the multi-section and multi-probe gauge by the novel mathematical method coincide with those of the three-coordinate measuring machine and the maximum difference of both is about 0.0014 mm. The new coaxiality measurement principle can separate the datum error of the coaxiality master theoretically and can improve the coaxiality measurement accuracy greatly with the common accuracy coaxiality master.
Application of Reliability Centered Maintenance in a Hydrocracker
Authors: Huang Jian Feng
Published: August 2011

The paper presents a case study: the review of the reliability centered maintenance (RCM) methodology realized in a hydrocracker. Applying of the reliability centered maintenance methodology, it finds 495 failure modes and ranks risk priorities for the 98 rotating machineries in the hydrocracker. According to the results of risk analysis, it provides customized maintenance strategies for each component of the hydrocracker, which would improve the safety of the hydrocracker effectively. The review provides helpful reference for other equipments in refinery factories.
A Case Study in Oil-Gas Transportation through Subsea Pipeline in Liaohe Tanhai Oilfield
Authors: Liu Yang , Wang Zhi Hua , Wei Li Xin , Pang Ren Shan
Published: August 2011

The crude oil in Kuidong region of Liaohe Tanhai Oilfield is characterized by high oil viscosity, high density, high content of colloid asphalt, low content of wax and low freezing point. In the shallow region, the large current, high content of silt, long-distance subsea buried pipeline and drift ice in winter have brought great challenge to offshore construction and oil-gas transportation. In this paper, the investigations of offshore construction project and platform process are shown. Based on the well production rate, gas-oil ratio, water cut, wellhead back pressure and outlet temperature, the range of daily transportation volume was acquired, as well as the maximum inlet pressure and pressure difference of the pump. The paper also selected technically and economically feasible pumps, then designed the public projects, corresponding electric power and self-control facilities. The selected skidded twin screw multiphase pump system can smoothly transport produced liquid to the terminal systems onshore without any effect on the daily output.
Investigation on a Semi-Active Silencing Device for the Exhaust Noise
Authors: Yin Chang Chun , Liu Xue Guang , Wang Ye , Zhu Min
Published: August 2011

This paper, according to the principle of the Hershcel-Quincke tube, presents a semi-active silencing device which can effectively control the fundamental frequency exhaust noise of the internal combustion engine. This device can choose the proper pipeline by using the valves to achieve semi-active control of low-frequency noise of the internal combustion engine. Taking the 4102BG-type diesel engine as the research object, we designed a bypass duct silencer to control its fundamental frequency exhaust noise, and then simulation and steady-state control performance testing also have been done. The results show that the bypass duct silencer can get 6~20dB reduction of the fundamental frequency exhaust noise in the steady-state operating conditions, and the total SPL has also decreased.
Numerical Analysis of Compacted Forming Concrete Pile in the Subsea Soil
Authors: Chen Jian Min , Hao Xiao Dong , Song Zu Chang
Published: August 2011

Based on the present tecnology of pile, a method of compacted forming concrete pile applied in the subsea base is studied. Using the method of finite different the procedure of compacted forming at the end of steel pipe pile has been simulated in the particular geology soil, the effects of the elastic modulus, cohesion, friction and dilation on the compacted behaviour are aquired and the bearing capacity has been calculated. The results show that the ultimate bearing capacity of this pile increases approximate 3 times bigger than the steel pipe pile with the same dimentions, in addition, its curve of Q-S is smooth and ultimate feature point is indistinct, which proves that this tecnology of compacted forming concrete pile is able to increase the bearing capacity prominently.
Research on LiBr Absorption Refrigeration System Using Automotive Exhausted Heat
Authors: Zhou Dong Yi , Shi Chu Ping , Yuan Wen Hua
Published: August 2011

Based on the structure and characteristic of automotive refrigeration system and engine circulation cooling water system and exhausted waste heat system, combing the working principle of lithium bromide absorption refrigeration system, the authors used the automotive exhaust pipe and cooling water tank improved as the generator of the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration system, which might realize the objective using the lithium bromide absorption hot-cold water unit to replace the automobile air conditioning refrigeration and heating system and the automobile engine cooling system. The methods of the thermodynamics, the heat transfer, the hydrodynamics are used to do the computation of the thermodynamic and the heat transfer area of the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration system. The result shows that it makes good use of exhausted heat of engine circulation cooling water and exhausted waste and reduces the consumption of oil. And structure is simple and compact for small heat transfer area of the automotive exhaust pipe and cooling water tank improved.
System Identification and Control of FOPDT or SOPDT Processes
Authors: Chen Jie
Published: August 2011

A relay feedback identification autotuning PID/PI is proposed in this paper which is capable of controlling long time-delay processes. The real process is approximated via FOPDT or SOPDT models, whose parameters are specified through a modified relay feedback identification method. Applying zero-pole cancellation principle, the PID/PI is tuned according to the specified amplitude and phase margins. Model identification and controller parameter tuning are done on-line without much influence on the normal operation.
The Study of the Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization Applied in the Denitrifying Bacteria on Metal Membrane Bioreactor’s Denitrification Tank
Authors: Zhang Pan , Chen Lei
Published: August 2011

In order to study changes in the quantity of different denitrifying bacteria during the process of the metal membrane bioreactor, and to determine the relationship between different types of bacteria’s quantity and the treating water quality, the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) dominant molecular biological technologies were used in this study to explore different denitrifying bacteria populations in the active sludge in the denitrification tank on the immersed plate-type metal membrane bioreactor. The study result implies that the addition involvement of the denitrification tank is enormous beneficial to the growth of all bacteria and nitrifying bacteria, meanwhile the removal rate of total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen is improved as well.
Recent Advances and Future Perspectives in a Grinding Wheel with Defined Grain Pattern
Authors: Deng Zhao Hui , Xu Zhi Gang , Wu Qiao Ping , Zhang Xiao Hong
Published: August 2011

It is achieved that abrasive grains could be ordered on the surface of a grinding wheel using modern manufacturing methods. The excellent feature of a grain-arranged grinding wheel is that it can increase the proportion of active grains, improve the cutting efficiency, increase the chip volume space, effectively reduce the grinding temperature, prolong the service life of the grinding wheel and improve the surface finish of workpiece. Consequently, in the area of academic and industry the research of a grain-arranged grinding wheel has become a hot research topic, and more and more scholars focus on the research of the grain-arranged grinding wheel. In this paper, distribution patterns of abrasive grains were introduced; molding techniques for distributing abrasive grains were summed up; progress in research and future research trends of a grain-arranged grinding wheel was presented.
Simulation of Hybrid Excited Doubly Salient Motor Driven Control System
Authors: Yi Long Fang , Li Zhi , Mao Jing Feng , Gu Ju Pin , Qiang Yu Jian
Published: August 2011

To research the performance of hybrid excited doubly salient motor (HEDS) driven system, a HEDS mathematical model is derived and the simulation driven system is built by Simulink/PSB environment. According to the principal of HEDS driven and its control strategies, several simulations under different operating modes are modeled. The results show that, HEDS driven system is of higher torque at low speed, and is of wide speed range in constant power operation. The simulation results are consistent with theoretical analysis; it shows that the simulation method is validity and effectiveness.
Design of a Bearing Temperature Monitoring System for Mechanical Press Based on RS485 BUS
Authors: Pan Xiao Bin , Pan Yang , Li Guo Ping
Published: August 2011

A temperature monitoring system for mechanical press’s bearing is presented. As multipoints of the cranks need to be monitored, the system is based on RS485 BUS, which is a distributed, real-time and reliable temperature monitoring net. It consists of the temperature monitoring sub module and the master module. The sub module gets temperature data via thermocouple and MAX6675. The master module controls the whole system with an ARM IC. The system can judge whether the temperature of bearing has exceed the limited value or the temperature is rising too fast, and send alarm signal to stop the press in those cases. Configuring this temperature monitoring system to the large or medium scale mechanical press can avoid the accident like bearing-burnt effectively.
Power Harvesting from the Vibration-Induced by the Piezoelectric Stator of Traveling Wave Rotary Ultrasonic Motor
Authors: Wang Guang Qing , Zhao Zhong Wei
Published: August 2011

In this article, a novel electro-mechanical energy conversion model of power harvesting from the vibration-induced the piezoelectric stator of the traveling wave rotary ultrasonic motor was proposed. Based on the curvature basis approach, the relationship between the deduced voltage and the mechanical stain induced by piezoelectric polarization was formulated. In addition to the relationships between the maximum induced voltages at the resonance frequency, the conversion energy density and the dimensions of the piezoelectric stator were also derived. The analytical model shows that the vibration-induced voltage is proportional to the exciting electrical voltage magnitude and square of height of the piezoelectric ceramic (PZT) but is inversely proportional to the permittivity of PZT and the damping coefficient of the stator. Some simulations and experimental results demonstrate that the maximum output voltage coincides with the energy conversion analytical model.