bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Posttraumatic growth from the perspective of narrative approach to the study of personality
Authors: Yatsenko Viktoriia , Darvishov Nariman ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: September 2023

Background. Today's challenges require a person to be able to cope with crises and integrate this experience for personal growth, which is reflected in such psychological phenomena as post-traumatic growth (PTG). Given the methodological limitations of previous quantitative studies of this problem, there was a need to expand the understanding of post-traumatic growth using new methodological approaches, in particular narrative methods. In this literature review, we set out to explore the sources in which the post-traumatic growth studied within the framework of the narrative theory of personality, and sought answers to the following questions: a) how can post-traumatic growth be reflected in the narratives of people who have experienced traumatic experiences?; b) how effective is psychotherapy using narrative techniques in facilitating PTG of post-traumatic growth? Results. An analysis of the existing literature showed that the study of post-traumatic growth within the framework of the theory of narrative identity remains a promising and understudied direction. The most adaptive themes through which post-traumatic growth can manifest itself in people's life stories are the themes of agency and redemption, which have been linked in a number of studies to deeper cognitive processing of memories, psychological maturity, prosocial personality traits, and improved mental health. The central process that determines the subjective interpretation of one's life history and the development of a narrative identity is the process of meaning-making. So far, there has been little research on the effectiveness of narrative techniques in facilitating post-traumatic growth. Conclusions. The limitations of this review and the prospects for further research are discussed, emphasizing the importance of studying the dynamics of post-traumatic growth at the level of narrative identity using longitudinal designs and mixed methodology. It also discusses the prospects for integrating existing and future research on this issue into the practice of psychotherapy.
Writing and Adapting Medicine-Related Texts for People with Autism Using “Social Stories” аnd “Easy Language” Methods
Authors: Kolganova A.S. , Obuhova A.V.
Published: September 2023

Currently, much attention is being paid to creating an accessible environment for various groups of people such as people with disabilities, the elderly, children and people for whom Russian is not native language. One of the most im- portant areas is adaptation of information materials on various topics. Providing accessible information about medical services can make medical visits much easier for a wide range of people, including those with autism spectrum dis- orders (ASD), who have difficulty understanding textual information due to mental, sensory, and other disabilities. Due to the fact that people with ASD do not always understand verbal information (both spoken and written), text materials for them need to be adapted. One of the methods to make text easier to understand is “Easy Language”. This method includes rules for creating and adapting textual and graphic information, making them accessible to a wide range of readers who have difficulties in understanding information. Another method developed to improve social skills and understanding of social situations in people with autism is “Social Stories”. This method combines techniques of visual support of textual materials. Social stories are short stories on a particular topic (most often accompanied by illustrations). Their main goal is to inform readers about characteristics of a specific phenomenon or situation, as well as about the ways of behavior in this situation. The article presents the experience of combining “Social Stories” and “Easy Language” methods as part of work to adapt informational medical texts for people with autism spectrum disorders. The work was carried out by specialists of the Moscow Center for Psychology and Educa- tion. Individual excerpts of social stories are used as an example to illustrate some rules of “Easy language” method.
Review of the Up-to-Date Visual Support Research
Authors: Maltseva N.A. , Melnikova D.A.
Published: September 2023

The use of visual support methods is recognized as an effective strategy for helping children and adults with develop­mental disabilities. In autism spectrum disorders visual methods aimed to work with the main difficulties reducing the quality of life: problems of communication, development of academic and social skills, problem behavior. The task of summarizing the results of visual support studies is topical. This review discusses modern foreign and Russian studies on the use of visual support in the educational and the psychological practice. The age composition of the sample, the design of the studies, the types of visual support used the context in which it was used and the tasks it was designed to solve are analyzed: learning disabilities, challenging behavior, communication.
Multifunctional Educational Area “Glade of Activity”. Complex Group Work with Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Khabarova S.N. , Esaulkova I.L.
Published: September 2023

Objectives. The use and considering of natural environment in the educational work with children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) can provide a solution to such developmental tasks as physical and social development, social interactions with children and adults, increasing the comfort of the educational environment. The purpose of presented work is to analyze the results of the application of complex psycho-educational work in the setting of the multifunctional educational area “Glade of Activity”.

Methods. Comprehensive psycho-educational work in the setting of the “Glade of Activity” was carried out in the kindergarten No. 133 in the city of Tyumen. 53 children with ASD took part in the project in the period of 2019— 2023. 74% of children had an intellectual delay, 10% had different intellectual disabilities. Following methods were used: Individual psycho-educational examination for children with autism spectrum disorders (PEP-3), observation method, questionnaires for parents.

Results. 92% of subjects had slight positive developmental trend and in 8% of the subjects registered more pro­nounced positive trend in the development of mental functions, socially acceptable forms of behavior, as well as in the physical development. According to the results of observations and questioning of parents, it is noted that children have become interested in objects of joint activity with teachers and other children. Anxiety outside the group has decreased, independence in choosing the type of activity has increased, involvement in joint activities. There is a de­crease in the number and strength of the manifestation of negative reactions.

Conclusions. It is planned to include “Glade of Activity” in the comprehensive support system for families raising children of early preschool age with disabilities and different diagnosis. In order to conduct further research, it is planned to develop a system for evaluating the effectiveness of psycho-educational technologies and methods.
Integrated Approach in the Support of the Child with Autism Spectrum Disorders. Clinical Case Exploration
Authors: Pakhtusova N.A. , Akmaev V.A. , Nekrasova O.S.
Published: September 2023

Objectives. The effects of the psycho-educational work in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in preschool children is largely associated with timely comprehensive diagnostics. Present article aims to expound the possibilities of a mul­tidisciplinary diagnostical and psycho-educational approach using the analysis of a clinical case of a child with ASD as an example.

Methods. Explored the clinical case of a 3 years 10 months old child with the registered ICD-10 DS F84.0 (Child­hood Autism). The child underwent a comprehensive developmental diagnostics and follow-up psycho-educational training sessions with a multidisciplinary team of specialists: a neuropsychologist, special teacher, speech therapist, ABA-therapist. Developmental diagnostics was attained using such methods as adapted Lurian neuropsychological tests, VB-MAPP and social skills assessment.

Results. After the psycho-educational course child showed improvements in the following domains: communication, daily living skills, social interaction and cognitive functioning. Three factors influencing effects of work were identi­fied: a multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis and training; regularity and continuity of sessions until sustainable results are achieved (in case of severe disorders — permanent work); using of various methods and tools for habilita­tion within the general psycho-educational framework.

Conclusions. The complex diagnostics approach is relevant at all stages of psycho-educational work in order to indi­vidualize the programs used in accordance with the current level of development of the child. The authors suggest that the applied behavior analysis techniques can be integrated into the program of complex psycho-educational work.
Problem of Mediating: L.S. Vygotsky, A.N. Leontiev, D.N. Uznadze
Authors: Imedadze I.V.
Published: September 2023

The subject of discussion in the presented article is the “immediacy postulate” and the task of overcoming it, specified in the methodological principle of mediating a two-term scheme of analysis. The options for solving the problem of mediation contained in the theoretical systems of L.S. Vygotsky, A.N. Leontiev and D.N. Uznadze are considered and analysed. D.N. Uznadze, who was the first to designate this methodological discourse, and A.N. Leontiev represented its essence approximately the same way, namely, as a question of the relationship between internal (mental) and external (transpsychic), while, as a mediating link, they proposed, respectively, the set and activity. The question is posed differently in the cultural-historical theory, where mediation is the process of transforming “natural functions” into higher mental processes, in which the “sign” acts as a mediating agent. In any case, the problem of mediation appears to be fundamental. However, the question of a mediator between the psychic and non-psychic world is inseparable from the psychophysical problem, which makes it difficult to reach the real empirical level of analysis. In the light of some considerations by D.N. Uznadze and certain empirical data, an opinion is expressed about the possibility of limiting the area of ​​action of the principle of mediation.
Tools to Study Behavior and Activity: Psychologists’ Inventions as a Component of Cultural-Historical Process
Authors: Poddyakov A.N.
Published: September 2023

Specially designed cultural tools of psychologists’ and ethologists’ research activity are considered. The tools are objects stimulating a living being (an animal or a human) to unfold its behavior (activity) and, due to it, providing opportunity to study the behavior (activity). They serve as a base for psychological science and are included in systems of relationships between many people. A history of inventions of these objects (from behaviorists’ puzzle boxes, gestalt psychologists’ instruments and experimental objects designed in A.N. Leontiev’s activity approach to the newest objects) is a part of intellectual history of humankind and unfolding of its creative potential towards self-development and self-cognition. Some part of the objects become, in a transformed form, objects of mass culture (e.g. toys). These inventions by psychologists and ethologists are a component of cultural-historical process and modern humankind’s activity structures.
Relationship between the Development Rate of Executive Functions within a year and Screen Time in 5–6 Year Old Children from three Regions of Russia
Authors: Veraksa A.N. , Gavrilova M.N. , Chichinina E.A. , Tvardovskaya A.A. , Semenov Y.I. , Almazova O.V.
Published: September 2023

The aim of this work was to investigate the relationship between the development rate of executive functions and the screen time in 5—6 year old children within a year. The study involved 495 children from Kazan, Moscow and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), who were 5—6 years old at the beginning of the study. The sample population was divided into three equal percentage groups based on the total screen time per week. This approach made it possible to analyze contrasting cases, that is, children with minimum (from 1 to 11 hours per week) and maximum (from 19.5 to 70 hours per week) screen time. It has been shown that the level of cognitive flexibility improved throughout the year in children with minimum screen time, and dropped in children with maximum screen time. In children with minimum screen time, the level of cognitive inhibitory control increased statistically more significantly over the year than in children with maximum screen time. For the development rate of working memory and behavioral inhibitory control, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups.
Adolescents' Experimenting with Roles in the context of L.S. Vygotsky's ideas: an Activity-Based Technology "Digital Storytelling Theater"
Authors: Rubtsova O.V.
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to the elaboration of a new model of drama for adolescents — “Digital Storytelling Theater”. The model is based on the idea that the leading activity of adolescence is represented by experimenting with roles, in the framework of which adolescents acquire social roles as a new system of cultural signs. “Digital Storytelling Theater” allows to create conditions for adolescents’ experimenting with social and psychological objects (roles, positions, relationships etc.) In this kind of drama adolescents do not only play out roles according to a given scenario but participate in a palette of activities while working on a performance. The elaborated model of drama activity allows to construct the zone of proximal development for adolescents due to two supplementary processes: interiorization and exteriorization. Interiorization is connected with adolescents’ acquiring new cultural signs — various social roles and patterns of role behavior. Exteriorization presupposes revealing — “bringing out on the stage” — role contradictions and conflicts, which are profoundly linked with adolescent crisis and to a large extent determine the way how it occurs. The model was elaborated on the basis of the Center for Interdisciplinary research on Contemporary Childhood of MSUPE in 2019-2022 and was tested in 3 different schools in Moscow and in Moscow Region with the participation of 336 adolescents aged from 13 to 15 years.
Sleep-Related Complaints in Children 5—13 Years Old: Prevalence and Content. Part 1
Authors: Rasskazova E.I. , Botasheva T.L. , Kudryashov D.V. , Zheleznyakova E.V. , Zavodnov O.P. , Vasilieva V.V.
Published: September 2023

Sleep-related complaints are common in children and affect their daytime sleepiness, success and quality of life. However, often parents are unaware of or do not consider them as a problem demanding treatment. Aim. To identify the parental appraisals of the patterns and difficulties with sleep in children aged 5—13 years and parental subjective qualification of them as a problem. Methods. In 147 pairs of «parent-child 5—13 years old without diagnosed sleep disorders» (47 pairs with a child 5—6 years old, 49 with a child 7—9 years old, 51 with a child 10—13 years old), parents answered questions about the pattern children’s sleep habits and completed the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire. Children replied to Sleep Self-Report. Results. Difficulties with sleeping are common in children 5—13 years of age: irregular bedtimes, prolonged time falling asleep, falling asleep in someone else’s bed, night terrors, insufficient sleep time, frequent nocturnal awakenings, sleep-talking, early morning awakenings, long time to get up in the morning, fatigue in the afternoon 3 times a week or more are typical for every third child, while protests against going to bed, the impossibility of waking up on their own in the morning, difficulties in getting up in the morning — for every second child. For children 10—13 years old, lack of sleep was also wide-spread. Parents frequently do not consider sleep difficulties in children as a problem. The pattern of going to bed, sleeping, and waking up didn’t not differ between boys and girls, but girls rated their sleepiness higher, and rated sleep quality lower. With age, daytime and nighttime sleep was reduced, bedtime became later, while breathing problems during sleep, parasomnia symptoms and night terrors became rarer. Conclusion. Given the prevalence of complaints about various difficulties associated with sleep in children aged 5—13 years, the acute question is why parents do not qualify these difficulties as problems and do not seek help is relevant.
III International Conference on Counseling Psychology and Psychotherapy in the Memory of Fyodor F. Vasilyuk “Counseling Psychology: Traditions and Novations”
Authors: Molostova A.N.
Published: September 2023

We present a report on the results of the III International Conference on Counseling Psychology and Psychotherapy in the memory of Fyodor E. Vasilyuk “Counseling Psychology: traditions and novations” (November 11—12, 2022, Moscow).
Suicidal Risks of Women During Pregnancy and after Delivery
Authors: Blokh M.E. , Grandilevskaya I.V. , Savenysheva S. , Anikina V.O.
Published: September 2023

The article contains the review of studies on the suicidal risk during womens’ perinatal period (pregnancy, delivery, first year of child’s life). Aim. The analyze suicidal risk factors of womens’ perinatal period in the context of bio-socio-psychological approach. Results. The prevalence of suicidal ideas and actions during the perinatal period according to different studies is 4% to 30%. Biological factors of suicidal risk are mental health problems, a number of somatic problems, perinatal loss. Among socio-psychological factors are violence form an intimate partner and adverse childhood experience. Socio-demographic factors include low socio-economic status, immigration, substance use, lack of marital relationships, woman’s younger age, third trimester. Conclusion. Womens’ perinatal period is potentially traumatic. The described biological and socio-psychological risk factors dictate the need to identify women form risk groups, i.e. having mental health problems, chronical illnesses, interpersonal difficulties, especially combined with several stressful life events.
The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26): Psychometric Characteristics and Factor Structure in Nonclinical Sample of 876 Female University Students
Authors: Meshkova T.A. , Mitina O.V. , Shelygin K.V. , Aleksandrova R.V. , Nikolaeva N.O.
Published: September 2023

The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) is widely used all over the world, including Russia, for screening eating disorders, however, the psychometric characteristics and factorial structure of the questionnaire have not yet been studied on Russian non-clinical samples. This study involved 876 female students aged 17–26 (M=20.11±1.79) from three cities (Moscow, Ryazan, and Arkhangelsk). All respondents were asked to fill out an adapted Russian version of EAT-26. To assess the retest reliability, 48 students from Ryazan filled out the questionnaire twice with an interval of one month. To assess construct validity, 293 female students from Ryazan filled out the Body Appreciation Scale (BAS) to assess a positive attitude towards the body, 281 students from Arkhangelsk filled out the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). As a result, descriptive statistics of the total score and responses to individual items of EAT-26 were obtained. In accordance with the critical value of EAT-26 (≥20), the risk group for eating disorders included 13.5% of the respondents. The high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha — 0.883) and retest reliability (r=0.865) of the EAT-26 total were shown. The confirmatory factor analyses failed to confirm the three-factor structure originally proposed by the authors of the questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed a five-factor model (χ2=226.584, df=81, p<10-6, CFI=0.970, RMSEA=0.046, 90% CI [0.038; 0.052] with 15 items included (EAT-15), which has high rates of internal consistency and retest reliability (Cronbach's alpha — 0.840; r=0.861). Psychometric characteristics and indicators of reliability and validity of EAT-26, EAT-15, and the five selected scales are given.
Review of the Textbook by S.K. Nartova-Bochaver "Psychology of Personality and Individual Differences"
Authors: Vachkov I.
Published: September 2023

The focus of this article is the recently published textbook by Sofya Nartova-Bochaver "Psychology of Personality and Individual Differences", which reveals not only the current state of differential psychology which remains a topical field of science for many decades, but also indicates the prospects for its development. Of particular importance are the identification of new aspects of this area of psychology and the consideration of those basic approaches that exist and are actively developing in it. The book contains a lot of information that will interest not only students – future psychologists studying in bachelor's and specialist's programs, but also already working specialists, graduate students, teachers, researchers. It deals with the main factors in the development of individuality, the structure of individuality and the relationship between its levels and components that are currently being actively studied in domestic and foreign psychological science. The textbook is written in an accessible language, although it talks about complex things. So, it will also attract the attention of those who, not being a professional, are interested in psychology.
What Do Nurses Think About the Immunization Campaign in Russia and the Prospects for the COVID-19 Pandemic Development?
Authors: Deyneka O.S. , Maksimenko A.A.
Published: September 2023

Prevention and vaccination against COVID-19 are not unanimously accepted in international practice. The effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccination campaign depends on both population and medical staff attitudes towards immunoprophylaxis. We carried out an empirical study of nurses' opinions about the COVID-19 vaccination campaign in Russia and compared the results with those obtained from surveys of Russian controls. The level of vaccination coverage in the population in mid-January 2022 was assessed by surveying nurses living in different regions of Russia and directly involved in the COVID-19 vaccination campaign. We also measured nurses’ attitudes to some aspects of vaccination. 376 nurses took part in the online survey. For comparison, we used data from a sample of Russians we surveyed (N=1214). According to the nurses, on average just over 40% of Russians are vaccinated against COVID-19 (compared to the 53% officially). This subjective estimate is half the mass immunity goal (80%). In addition, the nurses living in the different regions of Russia are significantly more confident in expressing a position on mandatory mass vaccination than were the participants in an earlier sample survey of the entire Russian population. More nurses than in the quota sample of Russians believe in conspiracy theories about the coronavirus having arisen artificially to regulate the number of the poor. Most of the nurses surveyed believe that COVID-19 will never go away and that the media will support the epidemiological panic as it benefits the authorities and pharmaceutical companies.
The Current State of The Inclusive Educational Environment in Vocational Educational Institutions of Secondary Vocational Education: a Pilot Study
Authors: Samsonova E.V. , Bystrova Yu.A. , Manuilova V.V.
Published: September 2023

The paper presents the results of the monitoring study of inclusive educational environment in vocational educational institutions of secondary vocational education based on the developed monitoring program, which involved 10 pilot regions of the Russian Federation. The authors identified the components of inclusive educational environment: organizational and managerial, subject-spatial, programmatic and methodological, informational and social. The study involved three categories of respondents from 94 professional educational organizations: representatives of administration (n=94), teaching staff (n=2332) and students (n=19264), including students with disabilities (n=1208). The method of questioning was used, which was provided by AIS "Monitoring of the inclusive educational environment"; an index analysis of inclusiveness of the educational environment at the regional level and at the level of individual professional educational organizations was carried out. Monitoring allowed to identify resources and deficits in relation to the requirements for inclusive educational environment in professional educational organizations, including not only special educational conditions created for students with disabilities, but also providing opportunities for quality education for all students, taking into account a variety of special educational needs and individual opportunities. The results of the study highlighted a significant contradiction between the high satisfaction of all groups of respondents with the conditions of the educational environment and low values for many indicators within the components of the inclusive educational environment, which may indicate a discrepancy between assessments of objective indicators and subjective perception of the conditions of the educational environment. Another contradiction is the high level of satisfaction and low level of involvement of both teachers and students in those types of activities which provide opportunities for self-actualization in colleges and technical schools, due to which the inclusive nature of the educational environment according to the hypothesis of our study appears. This observation requires further study.
Eye Tracking Study of Visual Attention of Children with Hearing Impairments in a Learning Situation
Authors: Smirnova Y.K.
Published: September 2023

Potential mechanisms underlying atypical joint attention that impede effective learning are analyzed using the example of the consequences of hearing impairment. A sample of preschool children with hearing impairment after cochlear implantation (sensorineural hearing loss, ICD-10 class H90) was studied. For the study, an experimental situation was created that would allow tracing the learning difficulties in children with hearing impairments associated with the skills of joint attention. In the course of completing a training task jointly with an adult in children with hearing impairment, eye movements were recorded with a portable tracker in the form of Pupil Headset glasses. In the course of the study, it was possible to identify and visualize markers of oculomotor activity that impede their effective learning: distribution of visual attention over a wide area of the visual field, not in a focused mode; in the trajectory of eye movements and the position of fixations, there is a preference for non-social signals, non-target objects, difficulties in switching attention from one object to another. The main manifestation of joint attention deficit in preschoolers with hearing impairment is a decrease in the volume and time of stable maintenance of synchronicity of perception in the learning process. The parameters of oculomotor activity can serve as an indicator of the ability of a child with a hearing impairment to maintain attention to the sample form and a diagnostic indicator of the possible number of errors in the learning process. Such indicators are the duration and number of fixations. The role of multimodal means of maintaining visual attention to the sample in the process of teaching children with hearing impairment is shown. It was revealed that the attention of a child with hearing impairment to the face of an adult is part of the joint attention to the object, which improves the effectiveness of learning and is associated with a longer visual attention to the object (teaching pattern).
Risk Choice: Intention vs. Action
Authors: Kornienko D.S. , Baleva M.V. , Yachmeneva N.P.
Published: September 2023

In decision-making research, the most common point of view is the synonymous similarity of intentions and actions. Most experimental procedures “reduce” them into a single act. Understanding the conventionality of separating these concepts, we distinguish two types of tasks. The first one involves only the intention and the second one also involves its subsequent behavioral implementation. The purpose of our study is to compare the risky choice as an intention and as an action. The hypothesis of various manifestations of risk-related personality traits in choice as an intention and as an action was tested. 462 students from 17 to 46 years old (M=21.20, SD=3.09) became participants in the study, including 80 male (17.3%) and 382 female (82.7%). To measure risk as intention, the participants were offered a case describing a hypothetical gambling game. To measure risk as an action, it was proposed to play a computer game of similar content. The results of one-way ANOVA (between group measures) showed that the choice of risk at the level of intention did not allow to fix the personal correlates of the decision making, however, at the level of real actions, its correlations with the Dark Triad and Uncertainty Tolerance appeared. These empirical facts were interpreted in the logic of cognitive, motivational and socio-psychological approaches. The results obtained can be used in the field of forecasting economic risks.
Features of Self-Awareness of Persons with a High Level of Anxiety
Authors: Slonova A.I.
Published: September 2023

The article examines the individual components and characteristics of self-awareness to expand the potential of the counseling work of a psychologist with the problem of high personal anxiety. We assume that statistically significant differences in the severity of individual parameters of self-awareness exist in groups of people with different levels of anxiety. The study participants are 125 people between the ages of 20 and 30. The aim of the research is to study the structural and content characteristics of self-awareness in persons with a high level of anxiety during early adulthood. It was revealed that the cognitive-emotional component of self-awareness is expressed at the average level. The tendency towards the development of internal maladjustment is noticeable with an increase in the level of anxiety. In the behavioral component of self-awareness decreases self-regulation, the general level of volitional regulation, perseverance and self-control, modeling and programming with an increase in anxiety. Planning and self-reliance are the most formed processes. They act as coping strategies to reduce anxiety levels. The hypothesis is confirmed.
Spatial Localization of Digital Sound in Scientific Experiment and Practice
Authors: Razvaliaeva A.Y. , Nosulenko V.N.
Published: September 2023

Localization of sound in space is an important component of auditory perception, which is involved in the selection of various sound streams, the perception of speech in noise, and the organization of auditory images. Research over the past century has shown that sound localization is achieved through: differences in the intensity and time delay of sound waves arriving at different ears; spectral distortions arising from the anatomical features of the structure of the auricles, head, torso; dynamic cues (listener head movements), etc. However, some scientific and methodological issues (primarily related to the perception of natural sounds and the ecological validity of studies) have not been resolved. The development of digital audio techniques also leads to the emergence of new areas of research, including the processing of sound for the transmission of spatial information in headphones (which is solved using the head related transfer function — HRTF) and the creation of auditory interfaces. The tasks facing researchers in these areas are to improve the perception of spatial information (by manipulating the characteristics of the sound, prompts or training) and the creation of such sound events that can be perceived as object-related, i.e., inextricably linked with the purpose of the operator's activity. The methodology of the perceived quality of events, which makes it possible to distinguish which properties of the auditory image become the most important in human activity and which physical properties of the event they correspond to, can help in solving the tasks set and increasing the ecological validity of research.
Innovative technologies in the formation of safe traffic behavior of drivers
Authors: Efremov S.B.
Published: September 2023

This article focuses on a review of various studies that examine the experience of using innovative technologies in shaping the safety traffic behaviour of drivers. It shows that innovative technologies are intensively used to solve the problem of reducing accidents on the roads and presents the data of psychological researches aimed at evaluation of their effectiveness. Particular attention is paid to the description and characteristics of speed control systems, means of preventing drunk driving (DUI — driving under influence), as well as the use of virtual reality applications to train key road users and develop their safe behavior skills. As examples, some researches are introduced which demonstrate practices for the implementation and use of immersive driver training. It is noted that the introduction and use of innovative technologies in the formation of safe traffic behaviour act as promising fields for the development of practices that make it possible to prevent the number of road accidents in future.
Professional Resilience of Specialists in Helping Professions: Analysis of Domestic and Foreign Studies
Authors: Osintseva A.A. , Kapustina V.A.
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to the review of national and foreign studies in professional resilience. The analyzed researches demonstrate that it is typical for foreign psychological science to consider professional resilience as a set of resources that allows a specialist in a difficult situation to provide himself with psychological well-being, which requires the skills of taking care of himself and his psychological state, providing self-help and the ability to adapt to changing conditions. The data of foreign empirical studies of professional resilience of specialists in helping professions have shown a correlation between professional resilience and emotional burnout, psychological well-being, self-compassion, and creative thinking. Also, researchers note the need for the formation of professional resilience in the educational process and labor activity. National researchers consider resilience mainly as the ability to manage functions and processes (coping, recovery) based on the internal resources of the individual, external and internal protective factors in difficult conditions in order to adapt to them and restore life satisfaction.
Misconceptions in Psychology as a Negative Factor in the Formation of Professional Competence of Psychologists
Authors: Ermolova Т.V. , Litvinov A.V. , Chernova O.E. , Guzova A.V.
Published: September 2023

The article analyses the problem of misconceptions, or scientific delusions, in the educational environment in connection with the risks introduced into the learning process. It describes the historical regularity of the paradigm shift of misconceptions in psychology from descriptive to constructive. Examples of research in preparation for a paradigm shift and at the stage of a constructive paradigm are introduced, as well as the latest concepts of psychological misconceptions in science and in the educational psychology. The article discusses the idea of the variety of approaches to the problem of psychological delusions. The review showed that the problem of misconceptions in psychology, despite close attention to it over the years, leaves the impression of being poorly studied. Among many other reasons we can emphasize poorly developed tools for scientific research, in particular, the incompleteness of the list of misconceptions typical for the students under investigation and the imperfection of the dichotomous format of questionnaires aimed at identification of psychological delusions. To date, in addition to the negative impact of psychological myths on the professional training of psychology students, the rigidity of their perception of factual refutations of misconceptions during training and the positive impact of critical thinking on overcoming misconceptions have been reliably revealed. It is necessary to include additional procedures for the evaluation of mythologized ideas about psychological phenomena, including those borrowed from other disciplines in which misconcepts are recorded using computerized assessment, interviews with open-ended types of questions, etc. Their use in other disciplines is recognized as optimal for identifying scientific misconceptions among students.
Impostor Phenomenon: an Overview of Foreign Studies
Authors: Sheveleva M.S.
Published: September 2023

This study entails the overview of international research of impostor phenomenon. Individuals with high impostor phenomenon are not able to internalize their professional success and are afraid to be found as frauds. It can be regarded as a clear obstacle for successful career development. Recently there has been a marked increase in the interest to impostor phenomenon studies. As a result, the number of research publication on imposter phenomenon has grown sharply. This article attempts to classify these publications into three distinct groups: studies of imposter phenomenon in working context, research of impostor phenomenon and other personality dispositions, psychometric studies of a range of impostor phenomenon scales and their adaptations into different languages. Possible approaches to conceptualization of this phenomenon are discussed in the article as well as significance of this phenomenon in Russia. Directions of possible future studies have been identified. Also important are the tasks to clarify the definition of the impostor phenomenon and its factor structure. We examine into the possibility of studying the impostor phenomenon on samples of working adults and the application of multivariate analysis methods in data processing. The necessity of scientific study of ways to overcome or reduce the severity of the impostor phenomenon is emphasized.
Theatrical Activities for Educational and Upbringing Purposes: the Experience of African Countries
Authors: Poskakalova T.A.
Published: September 2023

The article presents an overview of the research works related to the issues of implementation and use of theatrical practices and drama-based methods in African educational and humanitarian organizations. In accordance with this area of research, the article provides a brief historical review on the development of African performing arts for the educational purposes. It also presents theoretical approaches to the most demanded and efficient theatrical practices for the local communities that are focused on their development and integration, heritage preservation and transfer of their original culture from one generation to the next. Also, such practices serve to raise awareness among the population concerning general humanitarian problems such as safe behavior models, contemporary challenges and threats to local ethnic communities and humanity in general. Within this context the paper gives a number of examples of educational projects that are based on the on principles of drama-based pedagogy and deal with the spread of diseases, reconciliation of conflicting parties, school knowledge acquisition. The article discusses and analyses the main factors, motives and specifics of theatricalization of educational process that keep drama-based methods in education in African countries in great demand. It is emphasized that the theater is an effective tool for information and educational work in situations connected with distribution of various socially dangerous diseases and the peaceful settlement of conflicts rival ethnic groups and tribes.
The Old Testament’s Hebraic Roots in the Avar-Andi-Tsez Languages of Dagestan
Authors: Nesher S.
Published: September 2023

Throughout the history of their development, the Caucasian languages encountered many other languages, all of which left their traces, through which also genetic and areal connections can be traced. Persian, Arabic, Georgian, Russian, Turkic borrowings have been subjects to detailed studies, but the earlier period of language contact has generally not been covered. This study is devoted to the search for traces of Hebrew vocabulary in the Avar-Andi-Tsez languages of northern Dagestan on the basis of comparative historical, etymological and descriptive methods of linguistic analysis.
Comparative Characteristics of Euphemization in the Works of A.S. Pushkin and F.M. Dostoevsky
Authors: Varfolomeev F.V.
Published: September 2023

The following article is devoted to the study of the comparative characteristics of euphemization in A.S. Pushkin’s and F.M. Dostoevsky’s works. The article considers the peculiarities of the use of euphemisms in Russian realistic literature based on specific literary material and the reasons for their late study in Russia in the 20th century. Based on the works of A.S. Pushkin and F.M. Dostoevsky, the main signs of realism in Russian literature are shown, as well as the use of euphemisms to give language a «literary» form and create characters’ characteristics. The material provides additional information for translation and studying Russian literature.
Formation of discursive and strategic competence in teaching monologue utterance in project activities
Authors: Savitskaya N.V. , Guzova A.V. , Dedova O.V.
Published: September 2023

The formation of communicative competence is one of the most important tasks in teaching a foreign language, in the light of the modern educational paradigm. Communicative competence has several levels of development, from elementary intuitive to creative, and combines four of the particular competencies: grammatical, socio-linguistic, discursive and strategic. The most effective in the formation of all of them, in the necessary relationship, is the use of a project approach in foreign language classes. At the same time, the original cultural traditions of the countries of the studied language play an important role, the implementation of which, with the active participation of the students themselves, makes the educational process both more interesting and more meaningful, and increases motivation for classes.
Influence of Contexts on the Formation of Lexical Definitions
Authors: Kobylko Ja. , Kozlovskaya E.S.
Published: September 2023

The aim of the article is identification and study of contextual meanings of words appearing in journalistic texts reflecting changes in public consciousness that have affected their dictionary meanings. The material for this work was selected dictionaries of the Russian language and modern Russian-language journalistic texts, including texts from the Internet. This material uses contextual analysis for words that are supplemented with meanings at the moment, or have already significantly changed their lexical meanings, which in turn proves the validity of the hypothesis that prognosticality is an integral property of a journalistic text. The analysis showed that before semantic shifts of words are recorded in dictionaries, they are, first of all, repeatedly contextually reproduced in journalistic style texts. The study of the contextual meanings of axiologically colored words revealed the transformations taking place in the system of social ethics.
Morphological Analysis of the Adjective of the Avar Language
Authors: Mallaeva Z.M.
Published: September 2023

The article examines the topical issues of distinguishing possessive adjectives as an independent category of words in the Dagestan languages, which are relevant not only for Dagestan studies, but also for general language studies and are ambiguously interpreted in the linguistic literature. The study investigates the implementation of grammatical categories in the structure of the Avar adjectives, which have not found adequate coverage in the Avar studies. This paper considers the issues of the grammatical status of genitive forms of the name, functioning in the attributive form, which are being actively discussed in Caucasian studies. In this research we also determine the grammatical status of comparative constructions formed on the basis of traditional persistent comparisons, qualified in the scientific literature as either compound adjectives or phraseological expressions. It is noted the possibility of realization of possessive relations not only by a noun in the genitive case, but also by a noun in the nominative form. Along with the descriptive method, the article applies the comparative-typological method. For the purpose of comparison and typological analysis the material of related Dagestan languages is used. A number of illustrative materials are introduced into scientific usage for the first time. The obtained results suggest that in the Avar language, in contrast to most related Dagestan languages, along with genitive forms of name in the attributive function morphologically formed possessive adjectives are presented.
Verbalizers of the Concept «DESIRE» in Prose of 1950-1960 by F.A. Vigdorova
Authors: Kulicheva E.V.
Published: September 2023

The purpose of the study is to identify the means of verbalization of the concept of «DESIRE» as carriers of the seme ‘desire’, manifested in lexical meaning or as nuclear or peripheral in the prose of 1950-1960 by F.A. Vigdorova. It is established that the verbalizers of the concept «DESIRE» are represented by various parts of speech (with a predominance of verbal vocabulary), which characterize the feelings of the characters, their psychological state, convey moral attitudes, aspirations, reflect the social status of people who lived in 1920-1950, demonstrate pedagogical, axiological, pragmatic views of the writer. The relevance of the work is due to the attention of scientists (Yu.S. Stepanov, P.A. Lekant, E.V. Altabaeva, S.V. Masterskikh, N.N. Orlova et al.) to the study of the category of optativity from the point of view of the anthropocentric approach in linguistics, the novelty is its unexplored in the literary texts of 1950-1960 by F.A. Vigdorova. The article considers the concept of «DESIRE» as a unit of the conceptual sphere of F.A. Vigdorova, which makes it possible to expand the idea of the idiolect and pragmaticon of the writer as a linguistic personality.
Sinology in Russia in the Middle of the 19th Century: According to K.A. Skachkov’s Collection and Archive from the Funds of the Manuscript Department of the Russian State Library
Authors: Vishnevskaya E.E.
Published: September 2023

The article examines the development of Sinology in Russia in the middle of the 19th century, the main milestones in the biography of one of the largest researchers in China of this period — K.A. Skachkov and other participants in the Russia Orthodox Spiritual Mission, whose documents were deposited in his archive, an overview of the archival fund and collection of manuscript books by K.A. Skachkov, which are stored in the Manuscript Department of the Russian State Library.