bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Changes in the prevalence of index diseases in pediatric surgery: case analysis of single national children’s hospital
Authors: Kim Soo-Hong , Cho Yong-Hoon , Kim Hae Young
Published: March 2021

Pusan National University Children’s Hospital (PNUCH) opened in November 2008 as the second National Children’s Hospital in Korea and celebrated its 10th anniversary in 2018. In the last decade, birth rates and pediatric populations have been declining sharply and has been more serious in Busan, Ulsan, and Gyeongsangnam-do where the PNUCH is located, affecting the prevalence of index diseases. The number of the index diseases was investigated by year according to changes in the population. Patients who underwent surgery at PNUCH for 10 years were included. Changes in pediatric population and the number of live births were analyzed using the data from Statistics Korea. The number of the index diseases was analyzed retrospectively through the review of electronic medical records. Statistical analysis was performed through Poisson regression. The number of live births and pediatric population decreased from 69,528 to 48,600 (30.1%) and 1,880,284 to 1,444,961 (23.2%), respectively. Operations of pediatric surgery decreased by 32.3% compared to that during the peak season, but the prevalence rate ratio of the pediatric population increased to 1.03 (P<0.001). The number of emergency operation increased due to the largest surge in acute appendicitis operations. Both esophageal atresia and Hirschsprung disease decreased, while hypertrophic pyloric stenosis significantly increased. The absolute number of pediatric surgery cases decreased. However, considering the changes in pediatric population and the number of live births, the relative number of pediatric surgery cases does not changed. The decrease in the number of each disease would be related to the decrease in pediatric population and the number of live births. We should consider the increase of emergency operations such as acute appendicitis.
Derecho al trabajo
Authors: Cáceres Luis René
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 63, No. 717, 2008: 379-418.
İbnü’l-Arabî ve Mevlânâ’nın Din Anlayışı Çerçevesinde Öteki’nin Konumu
Authors: Özgül Ömer
Published: March 2021

Günümüzde, dünyanın farklı bölgelerinde yaşayan birçok insanın farklı nedenlerle İslâm’a karşı mesafeli olduğu ve din olarak İslâm’ı seçmediği bilinmektedir. Bu durumdaki insanlar, Müslümanlar tarafından nasıl algılanmalıdır? Müslümanların gayrimüslimlere yaklaşımları nasıl olmalıdır? Sûfî geleneğin diğer dinlere bakışının geniş bir perspektiften anlaşılması, bu sorulara cevap bulabilme noktasında büyük katkı sağlayacaktır. Öncelikle, ontolojik bir ötekileştirmeyi reddeden İslâm’ın tasavvufî yorumunun, farklı din mensupları arasındaki çatışmanın çözümü için bir adres olabileceği tarihi tecrübelerle sabittir. İbnü’l-Arabî ve Mevlânâ çok kültürlü ve çok dinli bir dünyada, özünde her şeyin hakîkatinin bir olduğunu müşâhede ettiklerinden bütün insanlığı birlik ve beraberliğe, sevgi, hoşgörü ve barışa çağırmışlardır. Ötekileştirme gayretlerinin hâkim olduğu günümüz dünyasında, hoşgörü merkezli bu görüşe ne kadar muhtaç olduğumuz son derece açıktır. Bu çalışmada, çeşitli inançların sorunsuz bir şekilde bir arada yaşayabilmelerinde, İbnü’l-Arabî ve Mevlânâ gibi sûfî şahsiyetlerin kültür ve düşünce yapısının bilinmesinin büyük katkı sunacağı vurgulanmaya çalışılmıştır.
Kelâmî Görüşleri Bağlamında Fahreddin Er-Râzî’nin Hadislere Bakışı
Authors: Seven Şuayip
Published: March 2021

Bu makalenin amacı, daha çok kelâm, usûl-i fıkıh ve tefsir alanındaki fikirleri ile öne çıkmış büyük İslam âlimi Fahreddin er-Râzî’nin (ö. 606/1210) hadis anlayışına ışık tutmaktır. Râzî, düşüncelerinde tümel kategorileri esas almış, dini metinlere bu tümel doğrular çerçevesinde yorumlar getirmeye çalışmıştır. Bundan dolayı o, tümel doğrularına uygun gördüğü hadisleri zayıf da olsa kabul etmiş, uygun bulmadığı hadisleri kaynağından bağımsız olarak ya tevil etmiş ya da reddetmiştir. Hadis alanında müstakil bir eser yazmayan Râzî’nin hadislere yaklaşımını anlamak, onun kelâmî ve felsefî görüşlerini dikkate almayı gerekli kılmaktadır. Râzî’nin, peygamberlerin masumiyeti, naklî bilginin doğruluğunu tespitte aklın ölçü alınması, bilgilerin zannî ve katʿî şekilde ikili tasnifi ve alem-i süflî ve alem-i ulvî ayrımına dayanan kozmoloji anlayışı onun hadislere yaklaşımını belirleyen temel kriterler arasındadır. O’nun mütevâtir-âḥâd tasnifi de kelâmî görüşlerinin bir ürünüdür. Râzî’nin bu prensipleri çerçevesinde ele alacağımız hadislerin rivayetine ve yorumuna dair fikirleri, günümüz hadis araştırmalarında özellikle metin tenkidi alanına yeni açılımlar kazandıracak niteliktedir.
Ahmed b. Hanbel’in Cerh ve Ta‘dîle Dair Bazı Yaklaşımları
Authors: Çimen Fatih
Published: March 2021

Hadis ilminde rivayetlerin sıhhat durumlarının tespiti, genellikle râvilerin rivayet konusundaki yetkinlikleri üzerinden gerçekleşmektedir. Bu bağlamda râviler hakkındaki cerh ve ta‘dîl bilgileri, hadislerin sıhhatini tespitte büyük öneme sahiptir. İlk dönem münekkitlerinden Ahmed b. Hanbel’in, râvilerle ilgili fısk, yalancılık veya sikaya muhalefet ve hafıza bozukluğu gibi ortak zeminde kabul edilen hususlar dışındaki değerlendirmelerinde sergilediği bazı yaklaşımlarının konu edildiği bu makalede, râvilerden hadis kabulü noktasında münekkitlerin mezkûr durumlar dışında başka faktörlerden de etkilenip etkilenmediği, etkilendiyse bunların neler olduğunun tespiti amaçlanmaktadır. Bunun gerçekleşmesi noktasında Ahmed b. Hanbel’in râvilerle ilgili değerlendirmeleri diğer münekkitlerin de cerh ve ta‘dîlleri ile birlikte ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca bu çalışma ile cerh ta‘dîl değerlendirmelerinin âlimler tarafından tetkik edilmeden kabul edilip edilmediği sorgulanacak ve âlimler tarafından genel kabul gören görüş bağlamında Ahmed b. Hanbel’in cerh ve ta‘dîlde mutedil olduğu kanaatini de bir bakıma sağlama imkânı elde edilecektir. Münekkitlerin adalet ve zabt vasfını zedeleyen bilindik hususlardan ayrı olarak yaptıkları değerlendirmelerdeki sergiledikleri yaklaşımların tespiti, cerh ta‘dîl bilgilerinin doğru değerlendirilmesi noktasında olumlu katkı sağlayacaktır.
In vitro, antioxidant activities of aqueous and methanol roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) calyces extracts from two localities in Cameroon
Authors: Tazoho Ghislain Maffo , Agbor Esther Etengeneng , Gouado Inocent
Published: March 2021

Background: Fighting against malnutrition and diseases such as oxidative stress diseases via a food-based approach could be achieved through identification, valorization, and promotion of local foods rich in macro- and micronutrients and phytochemical components. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of agro-ecological conditions on the antioxidant capacity of the Hibiscus sabdariffa aqueous and methanol calyces extracts. Material and methods: The total phenolic content, the free radical DPPH• (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) activities were evaluated in aqueous and methanol Hibiscus sabdariffa calyces extract samples from two localities (Dschang [western highland zone] and Ngaoundéré [high Guinean savanna zone]) in Cameroon. Results: The results obtained showed that these extracts contain an important amount of total phenolic compounds with no significant difference (P>0.05) between aqueous and methanol extracts and also between the origins of calyces. The extracts showed their ability to reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+ as well as their ability to reduce the free radical, DPPH•. Concerning the FRAP results, at the concentration of 12.5µg/mL, the absorbance of AEN (Aqueous Extract from Ngaoundéré locality) recorded the value (0.33±0.05) meanwhile at a far higher concentration of 200 µg/mL, the absorbance of MEN (Methanol Extract from Ngaoundéré locality) was the highest (1.39±0.06). The CI50 of methanol extracts was significantly low (P<0.05) compared to that of aqueous extracts. The value ranges were 11.31±0.15, 14.69±0.84, 18.07±0.63, 20.50±0.54, and 21.50±0.54 µg/mL for ascorbic acid, MEN (Methanol Extract from Ngaoundéré locality), MED (Methanol Extract from Dschang locality), AEN (Aqueous Extract from Ngaoundéré locality), and AED (Aqueous Extract from Dschang locality) respectively. Conclusion: These findings show that the antioxidant activity of methanol extract is higher than that of aqueous extract. Hibiscus calyces from the two localities could be used as a natural antioxidant in the treatment of oxidative stress diseases. Keywords: Roselle calyces, aqueous and methanol extracts, antioxidant capacity.
Atmospheric organic vapors in two European pine forests measured by a Vocus PTR-TOF: insights into monoterpene and sesquiterpene oxidation processes
Authors: Li Haiyan , Canagaratna Manjula R. , Riva Matthieu , Rantala Pekka , Zhang Yanjun , Thomas Steven , Heikkinen Liine , Flaud Pierre-Marie , Villenave Eric , Perraudin Emilie , Worsnop Douglas , Kulmala Markku , Ehn Mikael , Bianchi Federico
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Atmospheric organic vapors play essential roles in the formation of
secondary organic aerosol. Source identification of these vapors is thus
fundamental to understanding their emission sources and chemical evolution in the atmosphere and their further impact on air quality and climate change. In this study, a Vocus proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass
spectrometer (PTR-TOF) was deployed in two forested environments, the Landes forest in southern France and the boreal forest in southern Finland, to measure atmospheric organic vapors, including both volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) and their oxidation products. For the first time, we
performed binned positive matrix factorization (binPMF) analysis on the
complex mass spectra acquired with the Vocus PTR-TOF and identified various
emission sources as well as oxidation processes in the atmosphere. Based on
separate analysis of low- and high-mass ranges, 15 PMF factors in the
Landes forest and nine PMF factors in the Finnish boreal forest were resolved, showing a high similarity between the two sites. Particularly,
terpenes and various terpene reaction products were separated into
individual PMF factors with varying oxidation degrees, such as lightly
oxidized compounds from both monoterpene and sesquiterpene oxidation,
monoterpene-derived organic nitrates, and monoterpene more oxidized
compounds. Factors representing monoterpenes dominated the biogenic VOCs in
both forests, with lower contributions from the isoprene factors and sesquiterpene factors. Factors of the lightly oxidized products, more oxidized products, and organic nitrates of monoterpenes/sesquiterpenes accounted for 8 %–12 % of the measured gas-phase organic vapors in the two forests. Based on the interpretation of the results relating to oxidation processes, further insights were gained regarding monoterpene and sesquiterpene reactions. For example, a strong relative humidity (RH) dependence was found for the behavior of sesquiterpene lightly oxidized compounds. High concentrations of these compounds only occur at high RH; yet similar behavior was not observed for monoterpene oxidation products.
Spatiotemporal patterns of N2 fixation in coastal waters derived from rate measurements and remote sensing
Authors: Zilius Mindaugas , Vybernaite-Lubiene Irma , Vaiciute Diana , Overlingė Donata , Grinienė Evelina , Zaiko Anastasija , Bonaglia Stefano , Liskow Iris , Voss Maren , Andersson Agneta , Brugel Sonia , Politi Tobia , Bukaveckas Paul A.
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Coastal lagoons are important sites for nitrogen (N) removal via sediment burial and denitrification. Blooms of heterocystous cyanobacteria may diminish N retention as dinitrogen (N2) fixation
offsets atmospheric losses via denitrification. We measured N2 fixation
in the Curonian Lagoon, Europe's largest coastal lagoon, to better
understand the factors controlling N2 fixation in the context of
seasonal changes in phytoplankton community composition and external N
inputs. Temporal patterns in N2 fixation were primarily determined by
the abundance of heterocystous cyanobacteria, mainly Aphanizomenon flos-aquae, which became
abundant after the decline in riverine nitrate inputs associated with
snowmelt. Heterocystous cyanobacteria dominated the summer phytoplankton
community resulting in strong correlations between chlorophyll a (Chl a) and
N2 fixation. We used regression models relating N2 fixation to
Chl a, along with remote-sensing-based estimates of Chl a to derive
lagoon-scale estimates of N2 fixation. N2 fixation by pelagic
cyanobacteria was found to be a significant component of the lagoon's N
budget based on comparisons to previously derived fluxes associated with
riverine inputs, sediment–water exchange, and losses via denitrification. To
our knowledge, this is the first study to derive ecosystem-scale estimates
of N2 fixation by combining remote sensing of Chl a with empirical
models relating N2 fixation rates to Chl a.
Effects of coupling a stochastic convective parameterization with the Zhang–McFarlane scheme on precipitation simulation in the DOE E3SMv1.0 atmosphere model
Authors: Wang Yong , Zhang Guang J. , Xie Shaocheng , Lin Wuyin , Craig George C. , Tang Qi , Ma Hsi-Yen
Published: March 2021

Abstract. A stochastic deep convection parameterization is implemented into
the US Department of Energy (DOE) Energy Exascale Earth System Model
(E3SM) Atmosphere Model version 1.0 (EAMv1). This study evaluates its
performance in simulating precipitation. Compared to the default model,
the probability distribution function (PDF) of rainfall intensity in the new
simulation is greatly improved. The well-known problem of “too
much light rain and too little heavy rain” is alleviated, especially over the tropics.
As a result, the contribution from different rain rates to the total
precipitation amount is shifted toward heavier rain. The less frequent
occurrence of convection contributes to suppressed light rain, while
more intense large-scale and convective precipitation contributes to
enhanced heavy total rain. The synoptic and intraseasonal variabilities
of precipitation are enhanced as well to be closer to observations. The
sensitivity of the rainfall intensity PDF to the model vertical resolution
is examined. The relationship between precipitation and dilute convective
available potential energy in the stochastic simulation agrees better with
that in the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) observations compared
with the standard model simulation. The annual mean precipitation is largely
unchanged with the use of the stochastic scheme except over the tropical
western Pacific, where a moderate increase in precipitation represents a
slight improvement. The responses of precipitation and its extremes to
climate warming are similar with or without the stochastic deep convection
scheme.
Gleicher als andere. Niederösterreich als Kronland im habsburgischen Imperium
Authors: Osterkamp Jana
Published: March 2021

More Equal than Others. The Crownland Lower Austria in the Habsburg Empire. The study of power in the most important crownland of the Habsburg Monarchy is a regional history unlike any other. Lower Austria, as the political, economic and cultural centre of one of the great European monarchies, will be examined via perspectives from the new Habsburg studies and new imperial history. The focus lies on questions of political interaction and cooperation. Cooperation between governmental and non-governmental actors and hence both “from above” and “from below” will be illustrated using the example of agricultural or education policies, while the cooperation between the Austrian crownlands is outlined with respect to fiscal equalisation mechanisms. An entangled regional, state and imperial perspective is embedded in the concept of a “cooperative empire” and seeks to open up new programmatic questions.
Spaltung und Radikalisierung. Deutschliberale und Deutschnationale 1850–1918
Authors: Klösch Christian
Published: March 2021

Division and Radicalisation. German Liberals and German Nationals 1850–1918. The developments in the 19th century laid the foundation for the spectrum of political parties that have determined the political landscape of Austria to the present day. Initially, German nationalism was shaped by a “liberal-thinking upper bourgeoisie”, but when the German National bloc broke up in the 1880s, an “aristocratically thinking petty bourgeoisie” took the lead. The political biography of Georg von Schönerer (1842–1921) reflects this development. From the remains of the German liberal ideology arose not only social democracy and Christian socialism but a German national “right wing”, economically liberal and state-supporting, and a “left wing”, ethnic, racist and anti-Semitic. These wings overlapped in many ways and their proponents often changed positions. Ultimately, Austrian German nationalist parties laid the ideological foundation upon which in the 20th century National Socialism built its ideology.
Wie die große Politik ins kleine Dorf kam. Politische Mobilisierung der Landbevölkerung durch Katholisch-Konservative und Christlichsoziale
Authors: Eminger Stefan
Published: March 2021

How Big Politics Came to Small Villages. Political Mobilization of the Rural Population by Catholic Conservatives and the Christian Social Party. The study examines the politicization of the rural population in a region of the Habsburg Monarchy that was predominantly Catholic. The Christian Social Party was formed in rural areas as part of a Western and Central European-wide movement, emerging against the background of economic crisis and the culture wars (Kulturkampf) that pitched liberalism against the Roman Catholic Church. The Christian Social movement was a reaction to the liberal Zeitgeist, but at the same time it used modern means to mobilize the masses. Dissatisfied chaplains and young priests, who gradually saw their status threatened even in rural areas, were the most important actors, competing with liberal village teachers, who owed their heightened status to the suppression of church influence on schools. The rivalry between these representatives of the “village intelligentsia” provided crucial impulses for the politicization of the rural population.
Zwischen Freiheit und Herrschaft. Bildung und Schule in der bürgerlichen Gesellschaft
Authors: Hellmuth Thomas
Published: March 2021

Between Freedom and Domination. Education and Schooling in Civil Society. Using Lower Austria as an example, this article describes how the educational policy of the long 19th century adopted the educational ideal of the Enlightenment and contributed to the constitution of bourgeois-liberal society, especially through the school system. Two phases are distinguished: the first phase comprises the educational policy of enlightened absolutism, restoration, and neo-absolutism, in which educational ideals of the Enlightenment were functionalized for utilitarian purposes or repeatedly fought against. The second phase describes the period of liberalism and “Catholaicism”, a synthesis of enlightened or liberal and catholic conservative ideas. The enlightened educational ideal in its basic principles was no longer questioned. At the same time, however, its contradictions became clear, which can be observed above all in the lack of balance between individual freedom and concessions to societal demands, which often degenerated into subordination.
Students’ Views of the Promoters and Barriers to First Year College Persistence in Ireland: A Partnership Study
Authors: Daniels Natasha , MacNeela Pádraig
Published: March 2021

Navigating the transition to college and persisting is crucial to student college success. This research aims to explore the promoters and barriers to first year persistence, the student support needs in relation to these promoters and barriers, who students need the support from and when support is particularly needed. A participatory methodological approach was central to the study, carried out through a partnership with a cohort of 28 second year students to retrospectively explore the first-year college experience in Ireland. Participatory workshops conducted with the students identified persistence promoters, including being on the right course, gaining independence, academic supports, and connection to home. Barriers included being on the wrong course, anxiety, and lack of motivation to first year student persistence. These factors were further developed by the students to identify support solutions, personnel they need support from, and a three-pronged delivery solution, beginning in post-primary school through preparation for the transition to college. While confirming previous international studies, the research adds a novel understanding of the first-year student experience towards persistence and highlights the value and importance of giving students the space to share their original and detailed perspective of first year, as a student perspective supporting solutions for better higher educational outcomes.
Student Nurse Perceptions of Video Simulation and Critical Reflection for Developing Clinical-Reasoning Skills: A Cross Cohort Study
Authors: Macartney Michael J , Cooper John F , Namasivayam Pathmavathy
Published: March 2021

Clinical-reasoning (CR) provides a framework for higher-order critical thinking that fosters a nurse’s ability to assess, process and remedy clinical encounters and is considered essential for the provision of quality healthcare. This study aimed to determine whether student nurses regard the inclusion of video-simulation with critical-reflection as a valuable opportunity to develop their CR skills. An existing case-based assessment was redesigned to include short video-simulations where deliberate but subtle CR flaws were included, requiring students to identify strengths and weaknesses of their own CR process. Following completion of the assessment a modified student satisfaction and self-confidence Likert scale survey with open-ended questions was conducted to identify perceptions towards the assessment task. Incorporating video-simulation and critical-reflection was perceived as a useful opportunity to develop CR skills by student nurses. Albeit, students studying in a traditional three year Bachelor of Nursing cohort were more positive of the opportunity than their peers in a two year fast-track cohort.
A Resource for E-Moderators on Fostering Participatory Engagement Within Discussion Boards for Online Students in Higher Education
Authors: Payne Ameena L
Published: March 2021

Through the lens of the ‘Community of Inquiry’ education experience (Vaughan & Garrison, 2006), this practice report provides guidance and examples for online instructors to engage students within discussions in the digital realm. Five elements will be discussed: embedding multi-media, affiliative humour and storytelling, Socratic questioning, ‘reframes’ and, summarising and ‘weaving’.
Based on the lived experience of one eLearning Advisor, or online instructor/e-moderator, at Swinburne Online, this practice report offers useful strategies to build engaging, sustainable learning conversations within discussion forums that are abundant with collaborative inquiry, dialogue and sharing of personal learning experiences for online students in higher education.
Editorial Volume 12 Issue 1 2021
Authors: Nelson Karen , Creagh Tracy
Published: March 2021

Welcome to 2021.  Despite the impact of COVID-19 across the tertiary education sector in 2020 (and continuing), we are pleased to be able to bring you our general issue for the year intact and without interruption.  We are also reassured that our article submission rate remains constant despite the recent global disruption. The editorial team recognise that there has never been a more important time to share and disseminate current teaching and learning research.  Authors are encouraged to submit research on practice that clearly identifies elements transferable to other domains and detail how a specific initiative contributes to the broader knowledge base. In this new COVID- normal learning environment, sharing learning and teaching initiatives in an open access forum has never been more valuable.
Intuicje moralne. O poznaniu dobra i zła
Authors: Szutta Artur
Published: March 2021

Praca jest poświęcona zagadnieniu intuicji moralnych oraz ich zdolności do uzasadniania naszych moralnych przekonań. Składa się z siedmiu rozdziałów. Rozdział pierwszy prezentuje krótki rys historyczny intuicjonizmu moralnego, z głównym akcentem położonym na intuicjonizm brytyjski XVII, XVIII, XIX i pierwszej połowy XX wieku. Zwieńczenie rozdziału stanowi prezentacja argumentów, które doprowadziły do osłabienia tego nurtu. Są to kolejno zarzut dziwaczności faktów moralnych, dziwaczności intuicji moralnej (jako władzy poznawczej), zarzut subiektywności intuicji, zarzut dogmatyzmu, arbitralności, zarzut z niezgody moralnej. Rozdziały II - V stanowią kolejno krytyczną prezentację współczesnych prób obrony intuicjonizmu (tzw. nowego intuicjonizmu) podejmowanych przez takich autorów jak Robert Audi, Michael Huemer, Timothy Chappell, Sabine Roeser, James Sias. Przedstawione w tych rozdziałach stanowiska w dużej mierze unikają wymienionych powyżej zarzutów, niemniej można wysuwać przeciwko nim nowe zarzuty (analizowane przy okazji prezentacji każdej z propozycji nowego intuicjonizmu). Rozdział VI stanowi próbę zintegrowania tych stanowisk w taki sposób, aby łączyć ich silne strony jednocześnie unikając i słabości. W świetle tego rozdziału obroniona została główna teza pracy, mianowicie, że moralne intuicje mają zdolność uzasadniania naszych moralnych przekonań i jako takie mogą stanowić wiarygodne źródło poznania moralnego. W duchu nowego intuicjonizmu autor przyjmuje omylność intuicji moralnych, stąd rozdział VII stanowi propozycję doskonalenia intuicyjnego poznania moralnego poprzez stosowanie metody refleksyjnej równowagi oraz doskonalenia cnót poznawczych.
Pengaruh Pendidikan Karakter terhadap Kecerdasan Emosional Remaja Kelas XI di SMA Negeri 1 Malaka Barat Besikama
Authors: Mones Anselmus , Toba Cresensius Paulus Boli
Published: March 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendidikan karekter terhadap kecerdasan emosional siswa, dan juga mengukur seberapa besar pengaruh pendidikan karakter tersebut terhadap kecerdasan emosional anak-anak remaja. Peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif untuk dapat mengetahui dan sekaligus mengukur pengaruh antara varibel X dan Varibel Y. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMA Negeri 1 Malaka Barat, terutama kelas XI dengan jumlah keseluruhan siswa sebanyak 160. Penentuan sampel dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik random sampling, sedangkan banyaknya sampel ditentukan dengan rumus slovin sebanyak 62 siswa. Penentuan sample ini dianggap reprentatif dan dapat dipertanggungjawab-kan karena menggunakan teknik baku yang dapat dipercaya. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan penyebaran angket, dan kemudian dilakukan analisis dengan terdahulu melakukan uji normalitas,uji korelasi product moment dan uji persaman regresi sederhana. Data hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa antara pendidikan karakter di sekolah dan kecerdasan emosional memiliki hubungan yang “kuat”, di mana dari hasil pengujian korelasi product moment ditemukan koefesian korelasi sebesar 0,784 atau sebesar 61,46% jika dikonversi dengan menggunakan uji koefesian determinasi. Dari data tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh yang kuat antara pendidikan karakter dan kecerdesan emosional remaja sebesar 61,46% dan sisanya 38,54% ditentukan oleh faktor lain.
Implementasi Peraturan Menteri Negara Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Perlindungan Anak Nomor 11 Tahun 2011 tentang Pengembangan Kota Layak Anak
Authors: Rizkiani Fitri , Kurniawan Rudi , Iskandar Hadi
Published: March 2021

This study reported that the Regulation of the State Minister for Women's Empowerment and Child Protection Number 11 of 2011 concerning Child-Friendly City Development has been executed through the equipment of public facilities for children in the Lhokseumawe city, Aceh Province. However, this program has not effectively been implemented and well-designed. Numerous obstacles are found such as a lack of friendly public spaces supported for children and no restrictions on smoking in public places. Therefore, the improvement and evaluation for the Child-Friendly City Development are needed in the city. This study suggests that the local government should immediately issue a policy on providing free certificates for children and building friendly public spaces. Another effort is to encourage society to actively participated in the program through campaigning the Child-Friendly City Development program. The authors also suggested that if the city is planned to be expanded into a friendly city for children, the local government must fulfill supported public facilities such as schools, libraries, playgrounds, and so on. All facilities must also meet the safety and comfort for children, and be safe from child abuse (e.g., violence, discrimination, racism, sexual abuse, and excessive exposure to children's data).
Peranan Aparatur Desa Dalam Pencegahan Kenakalan Remaja
Authors: Gani PG Eko
Published: March 2021

Adolescence is a time of experiencing many changes in body, spirit, and mind. At this time, adolescents experience a lot of emotional turmoil and problems which are generally caused by social conflicts. In this study, the researcher used a descriptive qualitative approach, and the data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The purpose of this study was to determine the efforts of village officials and the obstacles in preventing juvenile delinquency at a village in the Aceh province. The form of delinquency that is often carried out by adolescents in the village namely lying, leaving without saying to their parents and having no clear purpose as well as causing negative actions, skipping school (leaving school/not attending school without the awareness of the school), promiscuity/immoral acts (watching pornographic films), theft (the activity of taking other people's belongings), illegal racing/sounding the sound of a bicycle motor big. The causes of adolescent delinquency in this village include; (1) internal factors- an identity crisis and weak self-control, and (2) external factors - family, education, community, religion, and technology.
PERANCANGAN MODEL SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PEMILIHAN HOTEL DI KOTA MANADO MENGGUNAKAN METODE SIMPLE ADDITIVE WEIGHTING (SAW)
Authors: Kumenap Vivie Deyby
Published: March 2021

Pariwisata yang berkembang pesat di Kota Manado membuat bisnis Hotel semakin meningkat juga. Para wisatawan yang ingin berwisata di Manado tentunya menginginkan tempattinggal yang sesuai dengan kebutuhannya selama berada di Manado. Akan tetapi banyaknya jumlah hotel yang terdapat di Manado membuat para wisatawan harus mencari informasi hoteltersebut sat per satu. Dimana hal tersebut dapat memperlambat pengambilan keputusan dari wisatawan tersebut. Oleh karena itu, dirancang sebuah model untuk sistem pendukung keputusan dengan menerapkan metode simple additive weighting (SAW), sehingga wisatawan dapat memperoleh keputusan yang cepat dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan. Terdapat empat kriteria yang digunakan dalam perancangan model sistem pendukung keputusan ini. Metode SAW diterapkan melewati beberapa langkah penyelesaian berdasarkan formula matematika. Hasildari perhitungan dengan menggunakan SAW adalah alternatif yang akan menjadi solusi bagi pengambil keputusan. Alternatif dengan nilai yang tertinggi yang akan menjadi alternatifkeputusan tersebut.
GAME PENGENALAN RAGAM BUDAYA DAN ALAM SULAWESI UTARA
Authors: Lijoed Theovani , Paseru Debby , Suwanto Thomas Ch.
Published: March 2021

Game merupakan salah satu sarana hiburan yang tidak bisa dipisahkan dari kehidupan masyarakat. Begitu banyak jenis dan tema game yang telah berhasil dibuat guna memenuhisarana hiburan tersebut. Perkembangan teknologi turut berperan dalam perkembangan game sendiri sehingga game saat ini dapat dimainkan dari manapun dan kapanpun diinginkan. Game juga sering digunakan sebagai sarana pembelajaran selain sebagai hiburan. Game juga dapat melatih gerak refleks tangan dan mata, kemampuan berpikir dan daya ingat. Pada penelitian ini telah dibangun aplikasi game berplatform Android dengan tema “Pengenalan Ragam Budaya dan Alam Sulawesi Utara". Tema ini diambil supaya dapat memperkenalkan budaya dan alam diSulawesi Utara yang perlahan sudah mulai dilupakan masyarakat khususnya generasi muda di Sulawesi Utara. Metodologi Siklus Hidup Multimedia dengan pemodelan menggunakan Flowcharttelah digunakan dalam pembuatan game ini. Hasil pengujian terhadap aplikasi ini dapat membantu pemain untuk mengenal dan belajar tentang kebudayaan, flora serta fauna dari Sulawesi Utara melalui informasi yang akan ditemui pemain saat memainkan game ini.
A RANDOM COUNTER IN USING SHIFT REGISTER AND ENCODER
Authors: Rompis Lianly
Published: March 2021

Mostly some specific computer circuits and digital circuit applications need a random counter circuit module for handling specific tasks or operations. To design this kind of circuit, it is more common to use the standard format design of synchronous counter, although this will be more complicated to derive its truth table and karnaugh-maps in order to solve the right output equations for flip-flop inputs. This paper will introduce another way of designing a digital random counter, using shift register and encoder, which is easier to applied and the sequence of this counter can be managed randomly. The methodology being used for this research is mainly tounderstand the basic concept and combine the functions of shift register and encoder, to derive a new and simple form of designing a random counter. Using an Electronics Workbench software, the outputs are shown in logic simulation.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM OTOMATISASI SUHU RUANGAN BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER
Authors: Bangala Ari Lesmono , Rompis Lianly , Sanger Junaidy B
Published: March 2021

Suhu udara pada ruangan sangatlah berpengaruh pada efektifitas kegiatan atau bahkan dalam pekerjaan. Bekerja pada lingkungan yang terlalu panas, dapat menurunkan kemampuan fisik tubuh, cepat mengalami keletihan dan dapat menyebabkan konsentrasi yang menurun. Untuk itu, diperlukan alat penata udara seperti pendingin ruangan (AC). Oleh karna itu, sistem kendali terhadap suhupun berperan penting untuk mengetahui perubahan suhu yang terjadi dan juga dapat bermanfaat untuk mempertahankan atau menjaga suhu tetap stabil. Tulisan ini berfokus untuk merancang dan membuat sebuah perangkat lunak dan perangkat keras yang bekerja sebagai sistem otomatisasi suhu ruangan berbasis mikrokontroler. Untuk membantu aktivitas keseharian masyarakat yang menggunakan pendingin ruangan dalam mengendalikan atau menaikkan dan menurunkan suhu pada pendingin ruangan secara otomatis, tanpa menggunakan (Remote) kontrol. Hasil pengujian yang telah dilakukan dapat membuktikan bahwa perancangan sistem otomatisasi suhu ruangan berbasis mikrokontroler ini dapat berjalan dengan baik dan sesuai dengan tujuan yang diinginkan, antara lain sensor DHT11 dapat mendeteksi suhu dengan baik. LCD dapat menampilkan nilai suhu dan sistem bisa menaikkan dan menurunkan suhu pada pendingin ruangan secara otomatis.
USULAN PERBAIKAN PROSES PRODUKSI DI PERCETAKAN TRIBUN MANADO MENGGUNAKAN METODE DMAIC SIX SIGMA
Authors: Paat Geraldo , Rottie Ronaldo , Raton Yulius C.
Published: March 2021

A Proposal to improve production in Tribun printing Manado using the DMAIC Six Sigma method. In the background is the rapid development of technology that requires a printing company to use machines instead of humans to speed up theproduction process to supply the market's demand. But new problems encountered, the faster the production process the more the product will be defective. The same problem is also faced by Tribun Manado printing. From the data obtained from February to April, the average newspaper produced each month reached 1,088,345 copies with average product defects of 32,651 copies. Based on these data a DMAIC Six Sigma method is used (Define, Measure, Analysis, Improve, Control) to analyze and look for factors that cause waste or defect during the production process. The stages of DMAIC begin with the Define stage. At the define stage a project charter is created, containing the description of the defective product problem. Making SIPOC diagram to know the interaction involved in the production process starts from the ordering of raw materials then news writing, editorial stage, layout, production process until dissemination then determination CTQ where CTQ found in Tribun Manado printing is 3 CTQ. At the measure stage the NP chart is created. From a presentation made from NP chart, the resulting product defect reaches 3%, Cp 0.7, DPMO 30000 average with a low 3.4 sigma valueindicates printing needs improvement. At the stage of analysis, a diagram Ishikawa is made to describe the root cause of each CTQ, and it is found: shaded writing, blurred image color and writing and a color mismatch. At the step of improve an FMEA table is made, containing an improvement proposal based on problems found using diagram Ishikawa on analysis stage, then in the Control stage an action plan is made to check whether the proposals made have yet been applied or not.
RANGKAIAN BUFFER 2-ARAH SEBAGAI KONSEP DASAR PERANCANGAN SCORING BOARD UNTUK PERTANDINGAN OLAHRAGA
Authors: Rompis Lianly
Published: March 2021

Gerbang logika merupakan komponen dasar dan komponen utama dari teknologi digital. Gerbang logika memiliki input dan output dengan karakteristik tertentu berdasarkan tabel kebenaran, dan didisain untuk membangun rangkaian logikakombinasional maupun logika sekuensial. Dengan prinsip logika biner, komponen ini berperan penting bagi perancangan komputer dan teknologi komunikasi digital. Konsep dasar gerbang logika adalah komunikasi searah, dari bagian input ke bagian output. Salah satu gerbang logika yang disainnya paling sederhana adalah BUFFER, yang memiliki sebuah input dan sebuah output, dan dapat digunakan untuk mensinkronisasikan sinyal-sinyal komunikasi pada rangkaian/peralatan digital. Penulisan ini adalah penelitian yang dilakukan untuk merancang rangkaian logika yang dapat melakukan komunikasi dua arahdengan menggunakan gerbang logika BUFFER, yaitu rangkaian Scoring Board untuk pertandingan olahraga. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah analisa dan simulasi rangkaian menggunakan Electronics Workbench 5.12. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat menjadi konsep dasar bagi perancangan Scoring Board digital, dan bermanfaat bagi perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi yang berkelanjutan.
HASIL UJI KALIBRASI SENSOR DARI UNIT PENGUKURAN INERSIA XSENS UNTUK PENDERITA CACAT INTELEKTUAL
Authors: Pandelaki Steven
Published: March 2021

Penderita cacat intelektual menunjukkan perilaku maladaptif dalam setiap aktivitas yang dilakukannya setiap hari karena fisik yang tidak normal ataupun gangguan saraf mereka. Mereka kurang memiliki kemampuan untuk menggerakkan tubuh mereka secara halus, cepat, dan teratur. Kegesitan (agility) adalah salah satu indikator penting untuk mewakili kemampuan mereka. Itu membutuhkan keterampilan dalam menggerakkan tubuh dengan menggunakan gabungan dari keseimbangan, koordinasi, kecepatan, reflex, kekuatan, dan daya tahan. Terdapat banyak alat bantu yang telah didesain untuk menguji kegesitan. Pada penelitian ini, metode berbasis latihan gerakan tubuh dengan memanfaatkan unit pengukuran inersia (Xsens MTw Awinda) diusulkan untuk merekam dan mengevaluasi kegesitan dari penderita cacat intelektual. Sebelum metode tersebut diterapkan, Xsens sensor diuji kalibrasi terlebih dahulu untuk mengetahui keakuratan dari sensor tersebut. Uji kalibrasi dibagi menjadi 2 bagian, pertama menguji ketepatan perputaran sudut dan kedua menguji ketepatan waktu. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil statistik yang tidak signifikan dan itu berarti sensor Xsens MTw Awinda dinyatakan akurat dan dapat diandalkan pada penelitian ini.
ANALISIS POSTUR KERJA PADA PENYORTIR CODING DENGAN METODE RAPID ENTIRE BODY ASSESSMENT
Authors: Tumewu Tryadi Wilhelmus , Kairupan Indah , Kamagi Mathilda
Published: March 2021

Keluhan Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) merupakan keluhan pada bagian otot tertentu hal yang sering dialami oleh para pekerja. Beberapa pekerjaan yang bisa menjadi penyebab MSDS seperti pekerjaan-pekerjaan yang dilakukan berulang-ulang, pekerjaan dengan waktu yang lama dengan posisi tidak berganti. Salah satu pekerjaannya adalah Sortir Kode (Coding). Tujuan dari Karya Ilmiah ini adalah melakukan pengukuran pada pekerja Coding menggunakan Metode Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) untuk mengetahui resiko cedera terhadap postur kerja. Dalam pengukuran REBA pada terdapat tiga dua kelompok pengukuran tubuh yaitu kelompok pengukuran tubuh bagian atas yaitu Trunk, Neck, Legs dan kelompok pengukuran tubuh bagian bawah yaitu Upper Arm, Lower Arm, Wrist. Dalam pengukuran pada Stasiun kerja Coding pengukuran dibagi menjadi dua stasiun kerja yaitu A dan B dan pekerjaan dibagi menjadi empat jenis pekerjaan (Action), setelah dilakukan pengukuran didapat bahwa level resiko yang tinggi yaitu pekerjaan Sortir A dengan Action A1, proses ini didapat score 10 yang berarti bahwa posisi tubuh penyortir dengan level resiko yang tinggi. Dalam pengukuran ini juga didapat bahwa setiap kegiatan sortir A dan B dengan Action 1-4 terdapat postur kerja yang sangat mempengaruhi score REBA yaitu Truck Posture hal ini dikarenakan pekerja banyak memberikan perhatian kepada sortiran yang posisinya yang ada dalam genggaman tanganya. Skor REBA juga banyak dipengaruhi oleh level postur Neck dan Legs, dimana pekerja melakukan sortir duduk menggunakan kursi yang sangat rendah. Maka dari hasil pengukuran yang dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa kondisi pekerjaan pada Sortir A dan B sangat perlu segera dilakukan perubahan postur kerja dengan penggunaan alat bantu yang tepat untuk mengurangi resiko keluhan MSDs.
ANALISIS ARUS LALU LINTAS DAN KECEPATAN PERJALANAN RUAS JALAN A.A. MARAMIS DENGAN FLOATING CAR METHOD
Authors: Rumambi Ramon C.
Published: March 2021

Arus lalu lintas dan kecepatan perjalanan adalah bagian dari parameter yang digunakan untuk mengetahui karakteristik lalu lintas di suatu ruas jalan tertentu. Untuk mendapatkan data arus lalu lintas dan kecepatan perjalanan kita perlu mengadakan survey langsung di lapangan, baik untuk menghitung kecepatan kendaraan maupun jumlah kendaraan yang lewat. Survey-survey ini tidak hanya memakan waktu yang cukup lama, tapi juga memakan biaya yang tidak sedikit. Dalam penelitian ini, angka arus lalu lintas dan kecepatan perjalanan dihitung dengan menggunakn floating car method. Keuntungan utama dari metode ini adalah kita hanya perlu melakukan satu jenis survey untuk mendapatkan data arus lalu lintas dan kecepatan perjalanan. Selain itu, waktu yang dibutuhkan relatif singkat, dan biaya yang diperlukan sangat sedikit. Data yang dibutuhkan untuk floating car method diperoleh dengan mengelilingi ruas jalan yang ditinjau, minimal sebanyak enam kali, dan mencatat berapa kendaraan yang berlawanan arah, yang searah, berapa kendaraan yang dilewati dan melewati kendaraan kita, berapa lama tundaan yang terjadi, dan lain-lain. Data-data tersebut kemudian dianalisa untuk mendapatkan berapa kecepatan perjalanan dan arus lalu lintas di ruas jalan yang ditinjau. Ruas jalan yang ditinjau adalah ruas jalan A.A. Maramis. Survey dilakukan di dua segmen jalan yang berbeda, untuk mendapatkan data yang lebih representatif terhadap ruas jalan A.A. Maramis secara keseluruhan.
ANALISIS PERHITUNGAN KESTABILAN DINDING PENAHAN TANAH STUDI KASUS PROYEK INTERCHANGE MANADO
Authors: Supit Donald Donny
Published: March 2021

Perhitungan struktur dinding penahan tanah pada lokasi ini adalah pada Proyek Pembangunan  Interchange (Simpang Susun) manado, dengan metode dinding penahan tanah (retaining wall) tipe Kantilever .  Proyek  pembangunan Interchange (Simpang Susun) Manado merupakan  persimpangan tak sebidang  juga pertemuan antara Jalan Ring road , Jalan by Pass antar kota dalam propinsi menuju Kota Bitung dan jalan dalam Kota Manado,  jalan menuju Bandaradan Fly Over Manado Ringroad  yang daerah di sekitar ruas jalan ini mempunyai keadaan topografi dengan perbedaan Kountur yang besar dan terdapat tebing–tebing yang tinggi, karena hal ini pada daerah ini banyak terjadi tanah longsor. Salah satu cara penanggulangan longsor pada ruas jalan adalah dengan  membuat  konstruksi  dinding  penahan  (retaining wall), perencanaan konstruksi itu melalui tahapan-tahapan seperti, pengumpulan data aktual lapangan (topografi dan data penyelidikan tanah) sampai pada analisa bentuk, dimensi dan stabilitas konstruksi.  Konstruksi ini yang nantinya menahan tanah yang longsor. Stabilitas dinding penahan tanah dapat dinyatakan dengan nilai Fs (faktor keamanan).  Nilai faktor keamanan yang ditinjau adalah  Fs Overtuning  yaitu faktor keamanan  terhadap  gaya  guling,  Fs  Slading  adalah  faktor keamanan terhadap  geser pada dasar dinding  penahan  tanah, Fs bearing  capacity   adalah  faktor  keamanan terhadap keruntuhan  daya  dukung.  Tujuan  dari  studi  ini  adalah untuk  menganalisa  stabilitas dinding kantilever dan untuk mengetahui penyebab ketidakstabilan dinding kantilever tersebut dan mendisain  dimensi  baru  yang  aman  terhadap beban-beban (gaya dan momen) yang bekerja pada struktur dinding penahan tanah.  Hasil  dari  studi  ini menunjukkan bahwa  dinding  kantilever  yang  terpasang  tersebut,  dengan dimensi  H=7,0 meter,  B= 4,9 meter,  aman  karena  nilai stabilitasnya  sesuai  dengan  yang disyaratkan,  yaitu sebesar Fs guling= 6,912,  Fs Geser= 5,356,  Fs daya dukung = 25,302 dengan nilai e lebih kecil dari B/6 yaitu : 0,011 < 0,82.
PERANCANGAN RANGKAIAN LOGIKA UNTUK PENERANGAN RUANG BACA
Authors: Rompis Lianly
Published: March 2021

Penerangan untuk ruang baca sangatlah penting karena penerangan yang baik akan menyehatkan mata dan menyegarkan pikiran kita saat membaca sehingga apa yangdibaca dapat dipahami dengan benar. Penerangan yang kurang baik akan menghambat kemampuan manusia dalam membaca dan memahami perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi guna mengingkatkan taraf hidup dan kesejahteraan ekonomi. Sejauh ini penerangan yang mampu dihasilkan oleh manusia dengan terciptanya listrik dan lampu sudah sangat bermanfaat dalam membantu pekerjaan-pekerjaan manusia terutama dalam membantu menciptakan penerangan yang baik untuk kebutuhan proses pembelajaran, namun membutuhkan efisiensi energi dan perlakuan yang tepat. Paper ini menjelaskan salah satu konsep dasar perancangan rangkaian logika untuk penerangan ruang baca yang diharapkan dapat memberikan sumbangsih bagi ilmu pengetahuan dan dapat menjadi salah satu solusi permasalahan untuk menciptakan penerangan ruang baca yang lebih baik sesuaidengan kebutuhan masyarakat, institusi maupun industri. Konsep dasar dari penelitian ini akan dikembangkan lagi menjadi konsep lanjutan dan prototipe lampu geser oleh Tim Dosen Fakultas Teknik Unika De La Salle Manado. Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan adalah Studi Literatur, Perancangan Diagram dan Gambar, Perancangan Rangkaian Logika, dan Simulasi. Hasilnya memberikan manfaat yang positif dimana posisi lampu tidak selalu harus bersifat permanen, namun dapat dipindahkan sesuai lintasan yang dibangun. Kedepannya hasil penelitian ini dapat dikembangkan lagi dan disempurnakan.