bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antalya Müzesi'ndeki Kitanaura Sikkeleri
Authors: Arslan Melih , Lıghtfoot Chris , Tibet Cihan
Published: September 2022

Bu grubu oluşturan sikkeler 5 adet olup, 1995 yılında Rasim Aynur isimli bir vatandaş tarafından Antalya Müze Müdürlüğü'ne satılmıştır. 1997 yılı içerisinde Kültür Bakanlığı'ndan almış olduğumuz bir izinle Antalya Müze Müdürlüğü'nde sikkeler üzerine bir kitap çalışması projesine başlamış idik. Bu katalog kitap çalışması Antalya Müzesi'nde bulunan Klasik ve Hellenistik Dönem Sikke Definelerini kapsamaktaydı. Bu çalışmalarımız sırasında küçük bir define grubu olan bu bronz sikkeler dikkatimizi çekti. Yaptığımız araştırmalar sonunda bu sikke tipinin tanınmadığı ve sikkeyi bastırmış olan şehrin ise varlığını antik kaynaklardan tanımamıza rağmen kentin yerinin henüz saptanmamış olduğunu belirtmek isteriz. Sikkeler tip ve patina açısından benzerdir. Bronz örneklere göre hayli iyi kondüsyonda olan sikkelerden, 12132 ve 12136 envanter nolu sikkelerin ön yüzleri diğerlerine göre biraz daha aşınmıştır. Aynı zamanda 12136 nolu sikkenin arka yüzünde diğer hiçbirinde gözükmeyen noktalı bordür süslemesi bulunmaktadır. Antalya Müzesi'ndeki bu grubu oluşturan sikkeler, nümizmatik ve eskiçağ bilimleri açısından çok önemli iki konuyu aydınlatan sağlam belgeler olmalarıyla da dikkat çekmektedirler. Önemli hususlardan birincisi bu sikkelerin ilk defa görülmüş olmaları ve bu yayınımızla nümizmatik dünyasına tanıtılmış olmasıdır. İkinci önemli bir durum ise bugüne kadar sikke basıp basmadığı tam olarak bilinmeyen yeni bir Likya kentinin varlığını bize kanıtlamasıdır.
Tepedelenli Ali Paşa'nın Çiftlikleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: Sezer Hamiyet
Published: September 2022

Tepedelenli Ali Paşa XVIII. yüzyıl sonları ile XIX. yüzyıl başlarında Balkan Yarımadası'nın en güçlü kişisi idi. 1812'de gücünün zirvesinde olup, Durazzo-Manastır-Selanik hattının güneyinde kalan bugünkü Yunanistan ve Arnavutluk'u içeren bir bölgenin fiili hâkimiydi.
Akkoyunlular ve Toprak Reformları
Authors: Minorsky Vladimir
Published: September 2022

Ondördüncü yüzyılda ortaya çıkmış olan Türkmen Beylikleri'nden Karakoyunlular (780-874/1378-1469) ve Akkoyunlular (780-908/1378-1502) ile ilgili, dikkate değer ve önemli birçok mesele halen olduğu gibi durmaktadır. Safeviler (1502-1722) devrindeki İran milli birliğinin kökleri, bu hazırlık niteliğindeki dönemin derinliklerine kadar gider. Elimizdeki belgeler Karakoyunluların iç politikası için hâlâ yetersizdir. Celayirliler'in yerine geçen Karakoyunlular, Moğol İlhanlıları devrinde geliştirilmiş olan idari modelin mirasçıları olmalıdırlar. Akkoyunlular Devrindeki yeni eğilimler dikkat çekicidir. Fazlaca İslâmi öğenin etkisi altında bulunan müesseselerin oldukça kökleşmiş olduğunu, Akkoyunluların hâkimiyetlerinin son dönemine ait bir belgenin açıkça belirttiği doğrudur. Ancak biz, onların zamanında bazı mali ve idari reformları başlatmak için bir kaç girişimin yapıldığından da haberdarız. Görünüşe göre, idareciler İslâmi kanunlar kisvesi altında, emekli maaşları, maaşlar ve benzeri ödemeler yerine toprak bağışlama sisteminden kaynaklanan merkezi otoritenin dağılmasını azaltmayı umdular. Böyle bağışların, şarta bağlı ve geçici olması düşünülüyordu, fakat çok fazla sayıdaki muafiyetin onlara verilmesi tımar sahiplerini neredeyse bağımsız beyler ve hâkimler haline dönüştürdü.
Prof. Dr. Faruk Sümer Hayatı ve Eserleri (Ölümünün 3. Yıldönümü Dolayısıyla)
Authors: Arık Feda Şamil
Published: September 2022

Türkiye'nin yetiştirdiği değerli ilim adamlarından, tanınmış Türk tarihçisi Prof. Dr. Faruk Demirtaş-Sümer, Cumhuriyetin ilânından bir yıl kadar sonra, eski Selçuklu başkenti Konya'nın Bozkır ilçesinin Akçapınar (Akçamınar) Köyü'nde doğmuştur (5 Aralık 1924 Çarşamba/1340 Rûmî). Annesi, -ulemâdan Müftü Hüseyin Hilmi Efendi'nin kızı-ev hanımı Zeliha Hanım, babası, eski Maliye memurlarından ve İstiklal Savaşı gazilerinden Mehmet Zeki Efendi'dir. Ailesi, 1934'te çıkan soyadı kanunu üzerine önce "Demirtaş", daha sonra ise, bunun bırakıp "Sümer" soyadını almış ve 1931'de Bozkır'dan gelerek İstanbul'a yerleşmiştir.
19.yüzyılda Hıristiyan-Müslüman Eşitliğine Karşı Türklerin Tutumları
Authors: Davıson Roderic H.
Published: September 2022

Her modern toplum meydana geldiği çeşitli gruplar arasındaki eşitsizliklerden dolayı ortaya çıkan problemlerle karşı karşıya kalmıştır. Özellikle 18. yüzyılda Amerika'da "her insanın eşit yaratıldığının" ilân edilmesinden ve Fransa'da İnsan ve Yurttaş Hakları Bildirgesi'nin hazırlanmasından beri, bu böyle olmuştur. Eşitsizliği yaratan farklılıklar çeşitlidir-(ekonomik, sosyal, ırksal, dilsel (linguistic), dinsel ve siyasal sebepler). Bu sebepler iç içe geçmiştir. Yakındoğu'da son zamanlara kadar, gruplar arasındaki başlıca ayırımlar (sınırlar) ve bu yüzden homojen topluma başlıca engeller din kaynaklı olmuştur. Bugün Yakındoğu toplumunda sosyal ve ekonomik eşitsizlikler/farklar, modern teknoloji ve malî durum satın almak ve harcamak için daha geniş imkânlar sundukça artsa da, milliyetçi görüş dinî görüşün önüne geçse de, hâlâ genellikle dinin, ayıran bir hat görevini gördüğü ve kişinin inancının onun ayırt edici vasfı olduğu doğrudur.
Gök-Türklerin Sonu ve Belgeleri
Authors: Taşağıl Ahmet
Published: September 2022

II. Gök-Türk Devleti'nin sonu yani Bilge Kagan'ın ölümünden yıkılışına kadar olan devre müstakil bir çalışma olarak ele alınmadığı gibi çeşitli araştırmalarda sadece bir kaç cümle ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bunun sebebi hiç şüphesiz yaklaşık on yıllık zaman dilimini ihtiva eden 734-744 yılları arası ile ilgili kaynakların az bilgi vermesidir. Bilindiği gibi, Orhun Abidelerindeki bilgiler Bilge Kagan'ın ölümüyle kesilmektedir. Diğer taraftan, her zaman Gök-Türk tarihi hakkında zengin malzeme taşıdığını söylediğimiz Çin kaynakları da artık yetersizleşmektedir. Sadece CTS 194A ve HTS 215B'nin yanında Wang Chung-ssu adlı bir kumandanın biyografisinde bir sayfayı geçmeyen bilgiler vardır. İmparator kayıtlarında da (Pen-chi) bir kaç cümle bulunmaktadır.
Lysimachia Kenti Bronz Definesi
Authors: Arslan Melih
Published: September 2022

Ankara'da Kültür Bakanlığı'ndan izinli özel koleksiyoner Sn. Cafer OKRAY Koleksiyonu'nda bulunan bu bronz define grubu 1997 yılı içerisinde Trakya'da bulunmuş ve aynı yıl içerisinde İstanbul Eski Eser Pazarı'nda satışa çıkartılmış olup, Ankaralı bir koleksiyonerin İstanbul'dan bu 21 adetlik grubu satın alıp, Ankara'da Cafer Okray'a satması nedeniyle bu defineden haberdar olduk. Bu defineden birkaç ay önce yine aynı kişi tarafından satın alınıp Cafer Okray Koleksiyonu'na satılmış iki sikke de bu defineden olmalıdır. Aynı yollarla Trakya'dan çıkmış iki küçük hellenistik define grubu (Posthumous Lysimachus'lar ve Yeni Stil Athena Tetradrahmilerinden oluşmuş) ve bunların haricinde yine bu bölgeden gelen Antik Trakya Greko-Romen Şehir Sikkeleri Okray Koleksiyonu'nu zenginleştirmiştir.
A Hoard of Lycian Staters in Fethiye Museum
Authors: Arslan Melih
Published: September 2022

The hoard consists of 19 silver staters of an unidentifiable Lycian dynast. As such they represent an important group of examples from the early coinage of Lycia. The hoard was acquired by Fethiye Museum in 1992 after it was confiscated by the police during an operation against antiquities' smugglers. This group of coins may have belonged to a larger hoard that was quickly dispersed after discovery. So, for example, another group of 5 similar coins was also acquired by Fethiye Museum as a result of the same operation.
INDUSTRIAL TOURISM AS A TOOL FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE URAL MACROREGION
Authors:   Ural State University of Economics, TIMAKOVA ROZA T. , PYANKOVA SVETLANA G. ,   Ural State University of Economics
Published: September 2022

The issues of the development of industrial tourism in the territory of the Ural macroregion have a historical basis. It was in the Urals that a complex of the country’s largest heavy engineering, metallurgical, defense, energy and food enterprises was formed. Currently, the innovative development of industrial enterprises and the preserved historical objects of industrial heritage are a point of attraction for business tourists and travelers from all over the world and from different parts of our country to the region. The branding of the region, determined by the industrial potential, is a key factor in the activation of industrial tourism, which in turn contributes to the formation of a multiplicative effect for the progressive development of the Ural macroregion, determined by marketing, image, economic, social, resource, environmental and symbiotic indicators. An important role in the promotion of industrial tourism is played by projects developed at enterprises and corporations.
GREENHOUSE GASES EMISSION, GLOBAL WARMING AND RUSSIAN OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY
Authors:   Oil and Gas Research Institute of RAS, BOGOYAVLENSKY VASILY I.
Published: September 2022

Due to global climate change, the degradation of permafrost rocks has intensified, threats of large-scale damage and destruction of various objects in cities and towns, as well as the infrastructure of oil and gas fields, have arisen and are expanding in the territorial plan. The necessity of expanding the study, forecasting and reducing the threats of exogenous and dangerous endogenous geological processes and phenomenon, among which powerful blowouts, self-ignition and explosions of gas with the formation of giant craters, stand out is substantiated. The importance of developing domestic technical means and technologies for complex monitoring of dangerous phenomenon was noted. It is shown that despite the adopted legislative acts, the share of associated petroleum gas utilization is decreasing. New threats to the national security of the country are analyzed.
INNOVATION IN TRADITIONAL HANDICRAFT COMPANIES TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT. A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Shafi Mohsin , Szopik-Depczyńska Katarzyna , Cheba Katarzyna , Ciliberto Cristina , Depczyński Radosław , Ioppolo Giuseppe
Published: September 2022

Despite being rich in cultural heritage, traditional handicrafts require innovation to achieve competitiveness. This study addresses the understanding of innovation in traditional handicrafts for sustainable development. The paper emphasizes the importance and potential advantages of innovation and its synergistic effect with cultural traditions leading to sustainable development. Apart of the explanation of most important issues regarding this topic, publications containing the following keywords selected for the study were identified in the WOS database. A total of 500 different publications from 1975 to 2021 were identified. The database was used for text-mining analyses. The clustering method (data mining) was used. The systematic literature review was carried out with the use of VOSviewer software. This tool was used to identify and analyse clusters and dominant research areas and to identify potential new research directions. This has never been done by any author before. We show that future studies should focus on the issue of measuring incremental innovation in cultural creative industries, especially handicraft since this topic is not enough analysed in the literature. The findings can help academics and practitioners to improve the knowledge about the topic and concentrate on identified priority areas to fulfil the assumptions of sustainable development.
LOFAR Search for Radio Emission from Galaxies Hosting Tidal Disruption Events
Authors: Kaushik Kamakshi , Omar Amitesh , Kumar Brijesh , Mishra Kuntal , Joshi Jagdish
Published: September 2022

Radio emission from 23 tidal disruption event host galaxies were searched in the 144 MHz LOFAR-LoTSS2 images. Three host galaxies are detected with diffuse radio emission, which can be interpreted as either galactic synchrotron radio emission or diffuse radio halo in dense galactic environments. Non-detection of (transient) radio emission in majority of galaxies could be due to self-absorption of radio emission associated with the tidal disruption event.
La Exposición Industrial y Agropecuaria de Antioquia de 1923. Una exposición republicana
Authors: Jurado Jurado Juan Carlos , Álvarez Olivares Juliana
Published: September 2022

En este artículo se examina la Exposición Industrial y Agropecuaria de Antioquia, realizada en Medellín en 1923, como expresión de la modernización liderada por la burguesía industrial antioqueña y del republicanismo. Fue una muestra excepcional organizada por la Sociedad de Mejoras Públicas, representativa de la naciente industrialización de la ciudad. Se ofrece un análisis del objeto, la organización y la estructura de la muestra, como expresión de la naciente industria nacional colombiana. Se concluye que la exposición fue una afirmación de la burguesía industrial antioqueña, que promovía un nuevo imaginario de nación con el «patriotismo industrial». Se examinaron las actas de la junta de la Sociedad de Mejoras Públicas de Medellín, el catálogo de la exposición, su programa / reglamento, prensa, revistas y bibliografía secundaria.
La biodiversité et les écosystèmes à travers le temps et l’espace
Authors: Bowler Chris
Published: September 2022

Après 4,5 milliards d’années d’évolution, notre planète s’épuise du fait de l’exploitation intensive des énergies fossiles et de l’eau, de la surconsommation d’engrais agricoles et de la déforestation. Elle pourrait vivre la plus importante des extinctions massives.
Observer les organismes avec lesquels nous cohabitons permet de mieux comprendre les fonctions de chacun et de percevoir l’ampleur des phénomènes en cours, qui engagent dès à présent l’avenir de l’humanité : perte de la biodiversité, dégradation des écosystèmes, changement climatique, épidémies. Face à ce constat alarmant, les scientifiques ont un rôle déterminant à jouer : produire des modèles et formuler des prédictions pour susciter des actions politiques concrètes.
La question de la licéité des images dans le judaïsme ancien à travers l’exemple des pavements en mosaïque de deux synagogues africaines
Authors: Villey Thomas
Published: September 2022

L’art juif a longtemps été considéré comme un art « aniconique », c’est-à-dire comme un art dépourvu de représentations figurées animales et humaines. Pourtant, les juifs ont eu au cours de leur histoire des attitudes variées à l’égard des représentations figurées : la proscription des images n’a pas toujours été de mise, en particulier durant l’Antiquité tardive. Ces différences d’attitude découlent notamment d’une interprétation plus ou moins stricte du deuxième commandement du Décalogue, qui interdit la fabrication des images afin d’éviter l’idolâtrie. Cet article cherche à déterminer si le programme iconographique des mosaïques de pavements des synagogues d’Hammam-Lif et de Kelibia est le reflet d’une interprétation particulière de ce deuxième commandement, et, plus généralement, du type de judaïsme pratiqué dans ces communautés juives africaines durant l’Antiquité tardive. Si ces mosaïques synagogales africaines comportaient des représentations animales, elles s’abstenaient en revanche de représenter la figure humaine, ce qui les distinguaient des mosaïques de certaines synagogues palestiniennes contemporaines, où de telles images étaient licites, mais aussi des pavements en mosaïque d’un certain nombre d’églises africaines des Ve-VIe siècle, qui comportaient des représentations de la figure humaine.
Unbalanced Learning for Diabetes Diagnosis Based on Enhanced Resampling and Stacking Classifier
Authors: Zemmal Nawel , Benzebouchi Nacer Eddine , Azizi Nabiha , Schwab Didier , Belhaouari Samir Brahim
Published: September 2022

Diabetes is characterized by an abnormally enhanced concentration of glucose in the blood serum. It has a damaging impact on several noble body systems. Today, the concept of unbalanced learning has developed considerably in the domain of medical diagnosis, which greatly reduces the generation of erroneous classification results. The paper takes a hybrid approach to imbalanced learning by proposing an enhanced multimodal meta-learning method called IRESAMPLE+St to distinguish between normal and diabetic patients. This approach relies on the Stacking paradigm by utilizing the complementarity that may exist between classifiers. In the same focus of this study, a modified RESAMPLE-based technique referred to as IRESAMPLE+ and the SMOTE method are integrated as a preliminary resampling step to overcome and resolve the problem of unbalanced data. The suggested IRESAMPLE+St provides a computerized diabetes diagnostic system with impressive results, comparing it to the principal related studies, reflecting the design and engineering successes achieved.
Loan Question Answering Platform Based on ERNIE and Knowledge Graph
Authors: Fan Yuquan , Cao Xianglin , Xiao Hong , Zhou Weilin , Jiang Wenchao
Published: September 2022

At present, the excessive amount of loan consultation has brought great pressure to manual customer service. However, the existing loan question answering (QA) platforms cannot solve this problem well because of their poor understanding ability. Therefore, the authors constructs a loan QA platform based on ERNIE and knowledge graph (KG). Firstly, they use semi-automatic methods to construct KG with data from a loan company. Secondly, they use token-level random mask strategy (TRM), word-level fixed mask strategy (WFM), and fine-tuning strategy integrating knowledge (IK) to train ERNIE. Finally, they construct a QA platform based on KG and trained ERNIE and experiment with proprietary datasets. The results show that ERNIE trained after three strategies achieve average improvements of 14.7% on judging intention similarity of sentence pairs and 14.28% on retrieving the most similar intention problem compared with the baseline. It also shows that their platform achieves an average improvement of 13% on question answering compared with the customer service app of the loan company.
Quantitative Analysis of Water Quality and Heavy Metals in Water, Sediments, and Tissues of Grey Mullet (Mugil cephalus) from the Negombo Estuary
Authors: Mendis B. R. C. , Najim M. M. M. , Kithsiri H. M. P.
Published: September 2022

The objectives of this study were to assess the levels of water quality and heavy metals of the water, sediments and fish tissues in the Negombo estuaries. For this study, samples were collected from sixteen sampling locations during the one year study period from January to December 2014. The results revealed that the average concentrations of ammonia, nitrate, pH, electrical conductivity, total suspended solids of 0.215±0.4mg/l, 1.08±0.98mg/l, 7.8±0.28, 29.6±1.56ms/cm, 29.2±0.35mg/l, levels were below the maximum permissible limits. Biochemical Oxygen Demand 24.8±1.3mg/l and Chemical Oxygen Demand 469.0±36.5mg/l levels were much higher than the permissible threshold limits of industrial wastewater quality standards for CEA,(2001) Sri Lanka. The results indicated that the concentrations (ppm) of heavy metals in water were Pb,0.01±0.0003; Cd,0.015±0.003; Hg,0.013±0.001; Zn,0.695±0.06; Cu,0.03±0.02; Cr,0.055±0.004 and Fe,0.485±0.04 respectively. The sediments concentrations (mg/kg) were Pb,7.95±0.95; Cd,1.06±0.23; Hg,0.001±0.52; Cu,0.042±3.2; Cr,14.30±1.5, Zn,154.25±3.2 and Fe,78.6±101.2 respectively. The concentrations (mg/kg) of metals in the fish tissues were Pb,0.57±0.48; Cd,1.045±0.28; Hg,0.05±0.046; Zn,119.2±111.3; Cu,4.60±1.64; Cr,5.22±2.49 and Fe,32.8±59.3 respectively. The highest concentrations of pollution status were recorded in the Northern region of the estuary.
Development and validation of an instrument for the assessment of internet use in the Indian context
Authors: Palanichamy Thamilselvan , Sharma Manoj Kumar , Chandra Prabha S. , Kandavel Thennarasu
Published: September 2022

Background:

Internet usage is increasing in the young population. Over 560 million internet users, India is the second-largest online market globally, which necessitates the development of an Internet use assessment tool in the Indian context.

Methods:

Samples of 560 individuals aged from 16 to 40 years participated. Data were coded in excel sheet for STATA 14.0 analysis evolved to item response theory. Cronbach’s alpha was used to determine the internal consistency; concurrent validity was performed using the “Internet Addiction Test.” Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, confirmatory factor analysis, and Pearson’s correlation were also determined.

Results:

The developed instrument has the Cronbach’s alpha reliability value (25 items) of 0.893, which indicates high internal consistency and has a concurrent value of 0.800. Factor analysis of 23 items revealed that the variance of 64.481 revealed all the items loaded in the rotated component matrix. The final 18 items got the item discrimination index was >1.0 with three-factor structure.

Conclusion:

The developed reliable and valid instrument can be used for identifying the patterns of internet usage across various settings (research, educational, mental health/clinical, and workplace).
Indocyanine green fluorescence video angiography – An indispensable tool for avoiding vascular complications during microsurgical clipping of ruptured intracranial aneurysms and improving surgical outcome
Authors: Acharya Ashish , Grewal Sarvpreet
Published: September 2022

Background:

The surgical complications in aneurysmal microsurgical clipping are attributable primarily to vascular compromise and retraction injury. The vascular complications almost 50% of these. ICG-VA gives us intraoperative real-time high definition functional imaging of the cerebrovascular tree, thereby allowing immediate quality assessment and control of aneurysm obliteration and parent vessel optimisation. Here we report our preliminary data of an ongoing series of patient study.

Objective:

This study aims at evaluating the role of ICG VA in avoiding vascular complications during microsurgical clipping of ruptured intracranial aneurysms and ascertaining normative data for ICG dye administration.

Materials and Methods:

The study aimed at determining the utility of microscope incorporated (Leica M530 OHX microscope) ICG VA in ruptured aneurysm surgery. We used ICG-VA in 17 patients of ruptured aneurysm with WFNS grade 1 and 2 as an adjunct to surgery. We studied multiple patient characteristics, intraoperative ICG peak flow and washout time of dye, and changes made in the operative decisions, and outcome of the surgeries.

Results:

ICG-VA helped in intraoperative decision making for 5 out of 17 patients. In one patient, inadequate clipping with residual neck was confirmed with ICG-VA and the clip was adjusted. In three patient's perforator/additional vessel compromise was found hence needed clip readjustment, whereas in two patients ICG-VA demonstrated residual filling of large neck sac and 2nd clip was applied in tandem.

Conclusion:

ICG VA is a conclusively simple adjunctive tool for the early detection and prevention of vascular compromise of multiple vessels and perforators during ruptured aneurysm surgery.
Judicious use of temporary clipping on atheromatous vessels and avoidance of its complications in aneurysm surgery
Authors: Manoharan Ganesh Kumar , Prasad Rjvv , Kumar S Senthil
Published: September 2022

Introduction:

Since the invention of aneurysm clipping surgery, temporary clipping of proximal vessels has been an integral part of the surgery. Temporary clipping provides adequate control of the proximal vessel and allows the surgeon to clip the aneurysm more confidently. Whereas, its complications are numerous, and one has to be very conscious in applying temporary clips, especially over the atheromatous vessels.

Methods:

A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 50 cases of intracranial aneurysms operated at the study centre, wherein temporary clipping is used, and atheromatous proximal vessels were seen and noted. intraoperatively. Post-operative complications in these cases were noted.

Results:

The atheromatous proximal vessel as identified intraoperatively was seen in 60% of the cases. The mean age of the study population was 55.86 years. About 32% of the study population were male. The average body mass index of the study population was 24.5. 72% of the study group were hypertensive and 44% were diabetic. About 48% of patients presented with the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies Grade 2. About 88% of the aneurysms were in the anterior circulation, with a mean size of <7 mm, and mean neck size was 4.8 mm. The average frequency of usage of temporary in each case was 3.08 times, and the longest clip used was for 8 min. The complications encountered in post-operative period were multiple lacunar infarcts (12%), massive infarcts along the parent vessel (4%) and vasospasm (16%).

Conclusion:

Temporary clips are notorious for causing thromboembolism and strokes when applied on atheromatous vessels. One must be careful while applying it and try to use other methods like adenosine in facilitating aneurysm clipping.
An intracerebral sporadic mixed cavernous angioma
Authors: Chandanwale Shirish Sahebrao , Randive Ruchi Samir , Rashmi Rakesh Kumar , Ravishankar Rajeshwari , Yadav Shraddha Ramadhar , Patel Nirali
Published: September 2022

Cerebral vascular malformations are non-neoplastic lesions resulting from focal anomalies in the development of cerebrospinal circulation. They tend to be asymptomatic, but in 40% of cases, they can be symptomatic; the four morphological types have been described in standard surgical pathology textbooks such as capillary, cavernous, venous and arteriovenous malformations. Mixed types are very rare and remain exceptional. Computed tomography (CT) and CT angiography lack sensitivity and specificity for accurate diagnosis. Magnetic resonance imaging is the choice of diagnostic modality. A conservative approach is observed in asymptomatic patients. Microsurgical resection is the only definitive treatment in symptomatic patients for supratentorial lesions. Due to the heterogeneity of this entity and ongoing debate about ontogenesis, diagnosis and management, we report the case of an 18-year-old boy who presented with a history of seizures for 3 years.
Mirror Aneurysms of the Distal Posterior Infereior Cerebellar Artery (PICA)
Authors: Kumar Roopesh V. R. , Sanjeevi Venkatesan , Karthikayan Arunkumar , Rajendran Adhithyan
Published: September 2022

Mirror aneurysms of the distal posterior inferior cerebellar arteries are extremely rare. We report a young female with bilateral aneurysms of the cortical segment of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) with subarachnoid haemorrhage managed by microsurgical clipping of both the aneurysms in a single stage with excellent outcome. The management dilemmas and the risk factors of the mirror aneurysms of the distal PICA are also discussed.
Serum hepcidin levels and cardiovascular outcomes in patients on maintenance hemodialysis
Authors: Anupama Kankokaran Vadakkeveetil , Yadla Manjusha
Published: September 2022

Background

Cardiovascular mortality is high in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Different factors and plausible mechanisms have been explained for the increased risk. A recent concept of iron dysregulation and the related biomarker serum hepcidin was thought to be one of the novel markers of cardiovascular disease. We undertook this study to study the fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events in dialysis population.

Patients and methods

All the patients who satisfied inclusion criteria were included in the study. All the patients have been on either twice-/thrice-weekly dialysis with polysulfone membrane of 1.3-m2 surface area. Serum hepcidin levels were estimated in blood samples using the appropriate techniques. All the patients were followed up for 18 months to assess the fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular outcomes.

Results

A total of 80 patients satisfied the criteria and were followed up. Mean serum hepcidin levels were 116.3 ± 32 ng/ml. On univariate analysis of factors influencing mortality, age, sex, and presence of comorbidities did not show significant association, but the levels of serum bicarbonate, albumin, creatinine, cholesterol, triglycerides, and the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, hepcidin, showed a significant association with mortality. Serum hepcidin level of 120 ng/ml predicted mortality with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 85%.

Conclusions

Serum hepcidin is associated with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in patients on hemodialysis. Hepcidin levels may serve a good predictor of cardiovascular outcomes in patients on hemodialysis.
An epiphanic case of X-linked Alport syndrome caused by a hitherto unreported COL4A5 gene mutation
Authors: Ullur Avinash Rao , Subramanian Padmanabhan , SantanaRaman Ramakrishnan , Rangarajan Dilip , Gunasekaran Deepthi , Rao Sudha N.
Published: September 2022

Alport Syndrome (AS) is an inherited glomerular disease, which invariably progresses to End Stage Kidney Disease (ESRD). It can be associated with hearing impairment and ocular defects. The disease can be X-linked caused by mutations in the Type 4 Collagen alpha 5 chain (COL4A5), Autosomal Recessive (ARAS) or Autosomal Dominant (ADAS) caused by mutations in the Type 4 Collagen alpha 3 chain (COL4A3) or alpha 4 chain (COL4A4). We report a novel mutation in COL4A5 Gene causing XLAS resulting in Chronic Kidney Disease in a 34-year-old male. Whole genome sequencing of the patient, showed hemizygous variant (c.1690G>C, p. Gly564Arg) in the COL4A5 gene. The same variant was detected in his mother and his only daughter establishing that the mutation is pathogenic.
Evaluation and risk factors of microalbuminuria in children with type 1 diabetes in Aswan University Hospital
Authors: Gabri Magda F. , Meabed Ashraf A. , Abdelshahid Treza S. , Ali Hanan M. , Fathy Eslam M. , Zaki Edrees H.
Published: September 2022

Background

Diabetic nephropathy is the major complication of diabetes and is one of the leading causes of end-stage renal disease. Early identification of nephropathy is crucial to slow down this process. Assessment of albuminuria is used as an early clinical marker for impaired kidney function. The aim of this study is to evaluate the magnitude of microalbuminuria (MA) in children with type 1 diabetes and determine the factors correlated to it.

Patients and methods

A cohort study that was carried out on diabetic children attained the endocrinology clinic in our hospital from August 2019 to October 2020. Children aged 6–18 years old with a history of 2 years of diabetes were subjected to history, examination, and investigation, including urea, creatinine, lipid profile, hemoglobin A1c, and 24-h urinary albumin were done twice.

Statistical analysis used

χ
2, Fisher exact, and independent Wilcoxon t test for comparison between groups. Spearman and Pearson's for correlations.

Results

The median (interquartile range) of MA in the first visit was 10 mg/24 h (6.15–20 mg/24 h) in the first visit versus 9.5 mg/24 h (4.9–23.55 mg/24 h) in the second visit, with an insignificant P value. The abnormal numbers of hemoglobin A1c in the first visit were 85.7 and 79.3% in the second visit; P value is 0.350. Children with abnormal MA were 13.2% in the first visit versus 20% in the second visit with only four patients having persistent MA. MA was positively correlated to the Tanner stage in the first visit to blood pressure, serum triglyceride, and Tanner stage in the second visit, and negatively correlated to high-density lipoprotein.

Conclusion

Most of our patients had uncontrolled diabetes with an increasing prevalence of MA over time.
Bedside USG-Guided Paracentesis – A Technical Note for Beginners
Authors: Chandel Karamvir , Rana Shaleen , Patel Ranjan Kumar , Tripathy Tara Prasad , Mukund Amar
Published: September 2022

Paracentesis is a routinely performed low-risk daycare procedure most commonly performed in patients with cirrhosis. Although uncommon, devastating bleeding complications may occur, particularly in patients with coagulopathy. Hence to avoid any such complication, it is important for the intervention radiologists, as well as clinicians, particularly beginners, to have basic knowledge of the major anterior abdominal wall arteries, their course, and their sonographic appearance. Here, we briefly describe the relevant abdominal wall anatomy and sonographic planes to use for paracentesis.
Triplex Sonographic Evaluation of Portal Vein Indices Among Adults in Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Authors: Aderibigbe Gbenga Jacob , Agi Chukwuemeka , Robinson Ebbi D
Published: September 2022

Background:

Chronic liver disease is characterized by progressive hepatic fibrosis and changes in hepatic vascular hemodynamics. Sonography is a readily available tool in the assessment of the hepatic hemodynamic alterations that occur in chronic liver diseases.

Aim:

This study was aimed at sonographically determining the portal vein indices in apparently healthy adults by estimating the portal vein diameter, cross-sectional area, and portal vein velocity.

Methods:

This was a prospective, cross-sectional study carried out among 62 apparently healthy individuals. The participants underwent gray scale and Doppler ultrasonographic examinations of the portal vein. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) IBM Corp. version 23.0 (Armonk, NY: USA). The comparison of means of two groups was with the unpaired t-test, and level of significance was set at 5% (P < 0.05).

Results:

Forty-six (74.2%) of the 62 participants recruited were male and 16 (25.8%) were female. Participants were aged 18–65 years with a mean age of 39.90 ± 10.34 years. The means of portal vein diameter, cross-sectional area, and portal vein velocity are 1.15 ± 0.12 cm, 0.88 ± 0.18 cm2, and 18.37 ± 2.04 cm/s, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference of all portal vein ultrasound parameters between males and females, except portal vein flow velocity which was higher in males, t-test = 2.273 and P = 0.027 (>0.05). There was no significant correlation between age and ultrasound parameters P > 0.05.

Conclusion:

The normal values of portal vein diameter, cross-sectional area, and portal vein velocity were established.
Pediatric Gastritis on Point-of-care Ultrasound
Authors: Scheier Eric
Published: September 2022

Point of care ultrasound (POCUS) is used routinely in pediatric emergency medicine. I present a case in which repeat POCUS after admission directed the evaluation and followed the recovery of a child admitted with epigastric pain. POCUS of the epigastrium may decrease the number of imaging examinations and endoscopies in the evaluation of pediatric epigastric pain.
Evaluation of Adherence to Emergency Department Point-of-Care Ultrasound Documentation and Billing Following Intervention
Authors: Lahham Shadi , Moeller John , Kurzweil Ami , Choi Heesun , Saadat Soheil , Dang Eric , Mazumder Proma
Published: September 2022

Background:

Over the past few years, both the scope and utility of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) have tremendously expanded in the clinical setting. Despite this growth, few studies have evaluated the compliance, documentation, and billing of POCUS in the emergency department (ED). The objective of this study was to evaluate the compliance of billing and documentation of POCUS and determine if a single, individualized e-mail feedback can help improve billing and documentation.

Methods:

We performed a 6-week prospective review of ED POCUSs performed. Following this review, all emergency physicians were sent an individualized e-mail regarding their ultrasound performance including the total number of ultrasounds, ultrasounds per shift, and breakdown of specific ultrasound types. Following this intervention, we collected data from an additional 6 weeks regarding ultrasound billing performance.

Results:

A total of 1532 POCUS scans were recorded for data collection. Eight hundred and five scans were enrolled in the preintervention group and 727 scans in the postintervention group. Twelve different types of POCUS scans were recorded. The preintervention group had documented 484/805 scans resulting in a 60.1% (confidence interval [CI] 56.7%–63.5%) documentation ratio. The postintervention group had documented 521/727 resulting in a 71.7% (CI 68.2%–74.9%) documentation ratio.

Conclusion:

The implementation of timely quality assurance with continuous billing reminders is essential for the maintenance and fiscal sustainability of an emergency medicine ultrasound program. Future studies should further elucidate and quantify the financial impact of modifiable factors within EDs' ultrasound documentation and billing practices.
Investigation of the Effects of Marsupialization on Histomorphological and Immunohistochemical Markers of Odontogenic Keratocysts
Authors: Barış E , Seçen I Atak , Karabulut Ş , Gültekin SE
Published: September 2022

Background:

Despite its extensive bone resorption and high recurrence rate, marsupialization is the preferred option in the treatment of odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs).

Aim:

We aimed to assess the effect of marsupialization on histomorphological and biochemical markers of OKCs.

Materials and Methods:

The study is conducted on 48 paraffin blocks of 24 OKC cases between the years 2012 to 2018. The main clinical, radiographic, and histomorphometric measurements were recorded. Immunohistochemical staining with E-cadherin, Ki67, IL1α, TNFα, Slug, and Snail were performed and compared for pre-marsupialization and post-marsupialization values.

Results:

OKCs mostly located in the mandibular posterior region. The mean marsupialization period was 8.8 ± 6.5 (3-25) months. The mean radiographic size of OKC (57.1 ± 53.5 mm) was significantly reduced after marsupialization (22.6 ± 19.9 mm, P = 0.002). Histologically, significantly increased thickness of the OKC epithelium (p = 0.002) and collagen production (p = 0.034) was detected after marsupialization. The post-marsupialization group showed positive correlation of inflammation score to both TNFα (r: 0.69, P < 0.001) and IL-1α (r: 0.58, P = 0.008) expressions in connective tissue. Among immunohistochemical parameters, only Slug expression was significantly higher after marsupialization (p = 0.019).

Conclusion:

Our study suggests that increased Slug expression may enable the second surgery by increasing fibrosis in the cyst wall.
Analysis of One-year Postoperative Mortality and Risk Factors of Elderly Patients with Intertrochanteric Fractures after PFNA
Authors: Gu J , He S , Wang L
Published: September 2022

Background:

Intertrochanteric fracture is very common in elderly patients, It is one of the main reasons for the elderly to be hospitalized, and is closely related to the mortality rate. With the speeding up of the population aging, the treatment of intertrochanteric fracture is becoming more and more significant. PFNA (Proximal femoral nail antirotation) is the most commonly used surgical method, although the surgical technique has improved a lot, the postoperative mortality rate after one year is still high. If we can take active and effective control measures against the high-risk factors affecting mortality in time, it will help to improve the prognosis.

Aim:

To study the 1-year postoperative mortality rate of elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures after being treated with proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) and its influencing factors.

Patients and Methods:

The data of patients with intertrochanteric fracture treated by PFNA in our hospital during the period from August 2016 to April 2020 were retrospectively studied, and the data of age, sex, type of fracture, preoperative comorbid diseases, American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) score, the timing of the operation, duration of operation, preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin levels, albumin level, and postoperative complications were collected through medical records, and the survival rate of patients in 1 year after operation was investigated by telephone follow-up, and single-factor analysis was carried out to analyze related influencing factors.

Results:

A total of 80 patients with complete data were followed up for 1–23 months (mean 12.5 months), and totally 22 patients died within 1 year, the mortality rate was 27.5%. Single analysis results suggested that the differences in factors such as age, number of preoperative combined diseases, ASA score, preoperative and postoperative albumin levels, and postoperative complications between the survival group and the death group were statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The risk factors affecting long-term death in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients with PFNA shall be taken into consideration fully, and the improvement of preoperative and postoperative health status will help to reduce the postoperative mortality and improve the efficacy of surgery.
Incidence and Causes of Early Hospital Readmissions after Living Donor Renal Transplant – A Single Centre Study
Authors: Sharma A , Bhardwaj A , Mathur RP
Published: September 2022

Background:

Kidney transplantation in spite of being the best modality for the treatment of ESRD remains a complex therapeutic option as it has its own set of problems due to associated morbidity especially in the first month after transplantation.

Aim:

The primary aim of this study was to find the incidence, causes, and factors responsible for early hospital readmissions (EHRs) and secondary aim was to find the effect of EHR on morbidity, mortality, and graft loss.

Patients and Methods:

A retrospective analysis of the records of the chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients who underwent living donor renal transplantation. 202 patients were included in the study. Inpatient records and charts were assessed for the medical status of the patients, cause of CKD, comorbidities, admissions 3 months prior to transplant, vintage dialysis, and modality of dialysis.

Results:

Sixty-one (30.2%) patients were readmitted to the hospital once or more within 30 days of discharge after renal transplantation. Thirty-four (55.7%) patients in the EHR group were admitted once or more in the 90 days prior to transplant as compared to 48 (34%) patients in the no readmission group. Thirty-four (55.7%) patients in the EHR group were hospitalised again within 1 year of EHR and 50 (35.5%) in the no EHR group got admitted within 1 year of discharge.

Conclusions:

Renal transplant recipients with hospital admissions 90 days before transplant and readmissions within 30 days of discharge after transplantation are at high risk of morbidity and should be treated as high-risk category and should have more stringent follow-up protocols.
Distribution of Ocular Perfusion Pressure and its Relationship with Intraocular Pressure in Patients with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma in Enugu, South East, Nigeria
Authors: Arinze IC , Onwubiko SN , Nwachukwu NZ , Maduka-Okafor FC , Aghaji AE , Nkwegu MO , Onwasigwe EN
Published: September 2022

Background:

Ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) has been suggested as a possible risk factor for the development and progression of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG).

Aim:

To determine the distribution of OPP and its relationship with intraocular pressure (IOP) in Nigerian patients with POAG.

Patients and Methods:

A descriptive and comparative survey was adopted. A total of 120 subjects, 60 newly diagnosed POAG and 60 non-glaucomatous (NG) subjects, aged 40 years and above, who attended the ophthalmic clinic of University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu were recruited over a six-month period in 2019. All the subjects had ocular examination, blood pressure and IOP measurements. Statistical package for social sciences software version 25 was used for data analysis. Chi-square test, independent samples t-test, and Mann-Whitney U test were used for comparison while Pearson correlation and simple linear regression were used to ascertain the relationship. A P value of <0.05 was considered significant.

Result:

The mean age of the participants was 57.9 + 11.9 years. The mean OPP was found to be significantly lower in the POAG subjects (Right eye, R = 43.6 ± 12.6, Left eye, L = 41.9 ± 13.3) mmHg compared with the NG group (R = 53.9 ± 10.9, L = 53.7 ± 10.9) mmHg (p < 0.001 for both eyes). A significant inverse relationship was observed between OPP and IOP in POAG subjects (p < 0.001), while there was none in NG subjects.

Conclusion:

OPP was lower in POAG subjects than in NG subjects. The observed relationship suggests that reduced OPP may play a role in the development of POAG.
The Comparison of Anxiety and Depression Levels of Resident Doctors Treating and Not Treating COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Yüksel Aslıhan Esra , Tahıllıoğlu Akın , Durak Sibel , Arı Şeyda Ceylan , Özgül Kazım Koray , Ercan Eyüp Sabri
Published: September 2022

Background:

Healthcare professionals are exposed to the stress of the pandemic in the highest level and try to cope with the long-term psychological consequences.

Aim:

This study mainly aimed to compare the anxiety and depression levels of resident doctors (RDs) who cared and did not care for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients at the University Hospital, which has been serving as a pandemic hospital during the COVID-19 outbreak.

Subjects and Methods:

To proceed with this study, 100 RDs were included this study between March 15 and June 1, 2020. Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to measure the depression levels and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) was used to measure the anxiety levels of the RDs who participated in the study.

Results:

The analysis of the responses showed that there were 49 RDs treating COVID-19 patients and 51 RDs not treating COVID-19 patients. The proportions of the RDs who had higher PHQ-9 and BAI scores were significantly greater in the RDs treating COVID-19 patients than in those not treating.

Conclusion:

Our study highlights that front-line RDs have higher levels of anxiety and depression than back-line RDs
Effects of Total Knee Arthroplasty on Balance and Fall Risk in Elderly Patients with Severe Gonarthrosis
Authors: Sargin S , Guler NŞ , Sahin N , Aslan A
Published: September 2022

Background:

Falls are a severe cause of morbidity and mortality in elderly patients, and gonarthrosis causes a tendency to fall. Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a widely used successful surgical procedure for end-stage gonarthrosis.

Aims:

To investigate whether there is a difference in the frequency of falls, balance and fall risk, and clinical and radiological results in patients with end-stage gonarthrosis with and without TKA.

Patients and Methods:

This was a single-center, retrospective, case-control study with age- and gender-matched groups. A total of 100 patients over 60 years of age, with end-stage gonarthrosis and who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Fall risk was analyzed using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), TUG tests, and the ITAKI Fall Risk Test. Knee varus angles were measured using standing long-leg radiographs, and radiological gonarthrosis grading was performed. Pain levels and quality of life were assessed using the VAS and WOMAC. Each patient's knee extensor muscle strength and range of motion were measured.

Results:

WOMAC, ITAKI, TUG test, and VAS scores were significantly higher in the control group than in the TKA group. BBS scores were significantly lower in the control group. Although the number of falls was high in the control group, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups.

Conclusion:

The results of this study showed that total knee arthroplasty provided statistically significant improvement in the clinical, radiological, and fall risk results of the patients. Although there was a decrease in the frequency of falls compared to the control group, it was statistically insignificant. In addition, in our study, it was evaluated that the most important risk factor for falling was advanced age.