bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERAN MINAT BELAJAR DALAM MEMEDIASI PENGARUH COMPUTER SELF-EFFICACYDAN PENGGUNAAN INTERNET TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR
Authors: Saufika Farah , Mahmud Amir
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji apakah terdapat pengaruh antara computer self-efficacy dan penggunaan internet terhadap prestasi belajar mata pelajaran MYOB, dengan minat belajar sebagai variabel intervening.Populasi dan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI jurusan Akuntansi SMK Negeri 1 Salatiga yang berjumlah 93 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode dokumentasi dan kuesioner. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis statistik deskriptif, analisis jalur dan sobel test. Besarnya pengaruh variabel computer self-efficacy, penggunaan internet dan minat belajar terhadap prestasi belajar mata pelajaran MYOB sebesar 46,8%, 22,7%, dan 30,3%.Besarnya pengaruh computer self-efficacydan penggunaan internet terhadap minat belajar sebesar 29,3% dan 63,8%. Besarnya pengaruh computer self-efficacy melalui minat belajar sebagai variabel intervening terhadap prestasi belajar mata pelajaran MYOB sebesar 8,8%. Besarnya pengaruh penggunaan internet melalui minat belajar sebagai variabel intervening terhadap prestasi belajar mata peelajaran MYOB sebesar 19,3%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah computer self-efficacy, penggunaan internet dan minat belajar berpengaruh secara positif terhadap prestasi belajar mata pelajaran MYOB baik langsung maupun tidak langsung.

 

This study aims to examine whether there are influence between computer self-efficacy and the internet use toward learning achievements’ students of MYOB subject through the interest as the mediation variabel.The population and sample of this study was all of the 11th grade accounting major students in SMK Negeri 1 Salatiga. They were 93 students. Data collection techniques used documentations and questionnaires methods. The methods used in data analysis were descriptive statistical analysis, path analysis, and sobel test. The effect of the computer self-efficacy, the internet use, and learning interest toward students’ learning achievements was 46,8%, 22,7, and 30,3%. The effect of computer self-efficacy and the internet use toward the interest, respectively was 29,3% and 63,8%. The effect of computer self-efficacy toward students’ learning achievements through the interest was 8,8%. The effect of the internet use toward students’ learning achievements trough the interest was 19,3%. The conclude of this study is computer self-efficacy, the internet use, and the interest have a positive and significant corelations toward students’ learning achievements on MYOB subject in 11th grade Accounting Major SMK Negeri 1 Salatiga either directly or indirectly.
PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN KELUARGA, PENGETAHUAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN, KEPRIBADIAN, DAN MOTIVASI, TERHADAP MINAT BERWIRAUSAHA DENGAN SELF EFFICACY SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERATING
Authors: Agusmiati Dini , Wahyudin Agus
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lingkungan keluarga, pengetahuan kewirausahaan, kepribadian dan motivasi terhadap minat berwirausaha yang dimoderasi oleh variabel self efficacy pada siswa kelas XI program keahlian Akuntansi SMK swasta se-Kabupaten Pekalongan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI program keahlian Akuntansi SMK swasta se-Kabupaten Pekalongan sebanyak 424 siswa. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 206 siswa dari SMK Muhammadiyah Bligo, SMK NU Kesesi, dan SMK Ma’arif NU Kajen dengan pengambilan sampel menggunakan proportional cluster random sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif dan analisis variabel moderasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan lingkungan keluarga (X1) & motivasi (X4) terhadap minat berwirausaha. Sedangkan variabel pengetahuan kewirausahaan (X2) dan kepribadian (X3) terdapat pengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap minat berwirausaha. Self efficacy memoderasi secara signifikan pengaruh lingkungan keluarga (X5), pengetahuan kewirausahaan (X6), dan kepribadian  (X7) terhadap minat berwirausaha. Sedangkan untuk variabel motivasi (X8), self efficacy tidak memoderasi secara signifikan pengaruh motivasi terhadap minat berwirausaha siswa.

 

 

The purpose of this research is to determine the influence of family environment, entrepreneurship knowledge, personality and motivation to entrepreneurship interest that moderated by self efficacy variable in students of class XI Accounting expertise of private SMK in Pekalongan Regency. The population of the research is the students of class XI Accounting expertise of private SMK in Pekalongan Regency as much as 424 students.  The samples used were 206 students from SMK Muhammadiyah Bligo, SMK NU Kesesi, and Ma'arif NU Kajen SMK with technique of the taking using proportional cluster random sampling. Technique of data collection using questionnaires. The analysis technique used descriptive statistical analysis and moderated regression analysis (MRA).The results of this study indicate that there are positive and significant influence of family environment (X1) & motivation (X4) on entrepreneurship interest. While the variables of entrepreneurship knowledge (X2) and personality (X3) there is a negative and insignificant influence on entrepreneurship interest. Self efficacy moderates significantly the influence of the family environment (X5), entrepreneurial knowledge (X6), and personality (X7) on entrepreneurial interests. As for the motivation variable (X8), self efficacy does not moderate significantly influence of motivation to student entrepreneur interest.
Los derechos fundamentales epistémicos y comunicativos en la era de la posverdad
Authors: González De Requena Farré Juan Antonio
Published: January 2019

Este artículo pretende introducir una concepción dialógica de los derechos humanos, para la cual resultan fundamentales los derechos epistémicos y comunicativos. A partir de un análisis de las vulneraciones contemporáneas a las capacidades epistémicas y comunicativas, y mediante un examen de las limitaciones de la concepción liberal de la libertad de opinión y expresión, este trabajo argumenta la autonomía y vigencia normativa del derecho a la verdad y del derecho al olvido. Se trata de derechos epistémicos y comunicativos fundamentales que desbordan las típicas clasificaciones de los derechos humanos en derechos civiles, sociales y políticos.
STRUKTŪROS IR JŲ PERSIDENGIMAS: TEORIJA IR PRAKTIKA
Authors: Jonavičius Laurynas
Published: January 2019

Theoretical concepts of “structure” and “structural intersection” are analysed in this article. The use of these concepts in political science and their critical interpreta­tion is presented by analyzing positivist, ideational and post-modernist approaches. Sociological understanding of structure, which encompasses both material and idea­tional elements is created. Under the suggested definition, structure is seen as com­prised of identity, institutions and material base. The interaction of these structural elements forms scientifically usefull concept, which can be applied in the analysis of the socio-political processes in post-soviet transformations. Opportunities and limita­tions of “structural intersection” analysis, which include both international relations and internal policy perspectives are also presented. Though term “structural intersection” is often used in Lithuanian academic dis­course, its understanding is still very vague. This paper’s goal is to present short overview how the term “structure” has been used in political science. Based on the analysis of different theories in political sciences, international relations and socio­logy, integrated concept of structure is created. The definition of structure includes three main elements: identity, institutions and material base, each of them forming separate structural dimension, which interact and have integrated constitutive effect on agents’ behaviour. Presented theoretical approach is based on ideational ontology and sees the reality as a complex set of interactions between ideas, mental-cognitive models and material elements. It is maintained that the elements of structural rea­lism, constructivism and new institutionalism theories should be alltogether incor­porated into the socio-political reaserach. Though it makes any social reasearch very complex, it provides the investigator with an opportunity to understand the context and circumstances (both ideational and material) in which the subject of analysis is embeded. Since political world is comprised of the subjects that have different undersating of their role, goals and place in the world, “structural understanding” is necessary in order to choose appropriate tools and resources in the research process. Practical recomendations, which are inseperable element of all social science also can be better appraised with the use of “structural understanding”. Empirical application of the “structural reasearch model” is presented using the cases of Russian and Euro­pean structures and the impact of their intersection on post-soviet trarnsformational processes.
APIE M. SAAKAŠVILIO IR R. GLUCKSMANNO LAISVĘ
Authors: Lopata Raimundas
Published: January 2019

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LISABONOS SUTARTIES IMPLIKACIJOS LIETUVAI: KVALIFIKUOTA DAUGUMA IR EUROPOS SĄJUNGOS DARBOTVARKĖ
Authors: Maniokas Klaudijus
Published: January 2019

This article focuses on the implications of the Lisbon Treaty on the decision-making process in the EU in general and Lithuania in particular. It argues that a new definition of the qualified majority voting (QMV) is an essential novelty of the Lisbon Treaty, which might change the current consensual character of the decision-making in the EU. It might, in turn, penalize those member states, which have specific preferences in certain policy areas. Extention of the QMV implies increasing preassure for the national policy-making. Benefits of this extention are conditioned by the character of the EU agenda at the national level. Articles offers, therefore, evaluation of the Lithu­anian EU agenda in this respect.
DISERTACIJA APIE ES PERSKIRSTOMŲJŲ POLITIKŲ REFORMAS ES PLĖTROS VEIKSNIO KONTEKSTE
Authors: Jankauskas Algimantas
Published: January 2019

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JAPONIJOS IMIGRACIJOS POLITIKA: UŽVERTOS PARADINĖS DURYS IR PERFORMATYVI MIGRACIJA
Authors: Repečkaitė Daiva
Published: January 2019

This paper analyses the official position of the Japanese government towards international labour migration to Japan, and the response from foreigners living in Japan – certain survival strategies, such as niche employment and performative migration. Although one of the electoral bases of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party – small businesses – push for more import of labour force, the ruling elite uses its institutional autonomy to resist their pressures and sustain the current restrictive stance. The official discourse of the government normalises only high- and middle-class labour migration, while the migration of the working class is notably viewed as abnormal and undeserved. Responding to this attitude, foreigners tend to either resort to ethnic networks for survival, or demonstrate their emotional relationship to Japan or commitment. Although Japan is peculiar with its restrictive stance towards the mobility of labour, the way migrant labour is conceptualised, sorted and channelled is in many ways similar to that of other states, although seemingly more “radical”. Thus, Japan presents an interesting case in developing theories of governmental responses to international labour migration.
APIE REVOLIUCINĮ ŽYGĮ Į POKOMUNIZMO KALNUS IR ŠIOS KELIONĖS REZU
Authors: Gudžinskas Liutauras
Published: January 2019

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LIBERALIZMO IR DEMOKRATIJOS KONFLIKTAS
Authors: Jokubaitis Alvydas
Published: January 2019

The term “liberal democracy” hides the conflict of two different philosophies. Liberal metaphysics is based on the idea of thing, while democracy is based on the idea of action and process. Democratic process does not have any core of ideas, which is typical of liberalism. The goal of liberal political philosophy is to circumscribe political power. The aim of democracy is the creation of self-government of the citizens. Liberals do not see many things that are important to democrats: common good, community, nation, history and cultural identity. It is possible to speak about fundamental conflict between liberal individualism and general will of democracy. In discussions about democracy there is always at least some confusion about the role of liberalism and democracy. Contemporary theoreticians of democracy do not want to admit that the drawbacks of liberal political philosophy necessarily become the weaknesses of democracy. This is the price we have to pay for the fusion of liberalism and democracy. The drawing of demarcation lines between the spheres of influence of democracy and liberalism today is the main goal of the theory of democracy.
PILIETIŠKUMO KONTEKSTAI: POLITIKOS ĮPILIETINIMO PROBLEMATIKA
Authors: Dieliautas Jurgis
Published: January 2019

Šiuolaikinis viešasis politinis gyvenimas kupinas nuolatinių keblumų. Atgimęs pilietiškumas yra virtęs viešojo gyvenimo iššūkiu. Gyvename laisvoje ir nepriklausomoje valstybėje, bet kur joje mūsų, kaip piliečių, vieta? Ar mes giname savo pilietines teises? Ar suvokiame savo teises ir laisves? [...]
POLITINIO KINO VAKARAI VU TSPMI
Authors: Kaupinis Karolis
Published: January 2019

2008 metų spalį buvusiose Atviros Lietuvos fondo patalpose ketvirtadienio vakarais prasidėjo politinio kino vakarų ciklas, kurio metu VU TSPMI studentai bei dėstytojai buvo kviečiami apsilankyti politinėse diskusijose bei pažiūrėti dažniausiai Lietuvoje dar nerodytus, tačiau gana žinomus reikšmingus meninio kino darbus politinėmis temomis. [...]
REKONSTRUKCIJA
Authors: Lopata Raimundas
Published: January 2019

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ŽVILGSNIS IŠ RUSIJOS Į LIETUVOS POLITINĘ SISTEMĄ
Authors: Laurinavičius Česlovas
Published: January 2019

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EUROPOS SĄJUNGA IR RUSIJA: KĄ REIŠKIA „IR“?
Authors: Lopata Raimundas
Published: January 2019

In the article, the EU and Russia relations are analyzed as paying specific attention to the conceptual and practical weight provided for the conjunction “and” when EU–Russia relations are interpreted and practically constructed in the West. The answer which is in common use – these relations are intellectually based and practically shaped according the engagement doctrine – is known well. However, the common answer does not eliminate the problem why the perspective of the practical applicati­on of engagement toward Russia is still under dispute in the West? The article proceeds to revealing the specifics of the Western attitudes in regard to engagement with Russia and theirs correlation with the cultural-political identities of engagement’s participants. The conjunction “and” emphasizing the EU–Russia relations is interpreted in three ways: optimistically, equably and skeptically. Optimists, moderates and skep­tics are more “ideal”, resumptive entitlements characterizing the Western interpreters of engagement according theirs believe in the success of the practical implementation of the doctrine. Generalizing the optimists it is worth to note that they trust the strategy of enga­gement and believe that is possible to harmonize two-tracks policy (temptation and intimidation) toward Russia. Moderates believe in the future of engagement in long term perspective same as optimists. They link the success of engagement with the perspective of strategic consolidation of the EU directed by old-member states of the EU to the expense of the interests of the new-comers. Skeptics are inclined to emphasize the lack of values dimension in the EU–Rus­sia relations. According to skeptics, the lack creates the opportunity for the mutual cooperation and for power struggle seeking to overreach each other and to prevail over each other.The diversity of interpretations is stimulating by the nodus of factors (history, values, pragmatic interests) which is still affects the EU and Russia relations as well as different attitudes toward the perspectives of co-operation in the future. The very important source of the diversity is the difference in disparity of position regarding the geopolitical development of Eurasia. The article ends with the conclusion that the direction of the EU and Russia en­gagement will be strongly influenced by the reciprocal attempts to define theirs own cultural-political identities.
BENDRŲJŲ IŠTEKLIŲ VALDYMO DILEMOS: TYRIMO METODOLOGIJA
Authors: Zapolskis Martynas
Published: January 2019

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DEMOKRATIJOS PATOLOGIJOS
Authors: Merkinaitė Simona
Published: January 2019

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RETROSPEKTYVUS ŽVILGSNIS ĮETIKOS PROBLEMAS LIETUVOS VALSTYBĖS TARNYBOJE: NAUJOS PROBLEMOS, JŲ TURINYS AR RAIŠKOS FORMOS?
Authors: Palidauskaitė † Jolanta
Published: January 2019

This article provides a retrospective look at the problems of ethics in the independent state of Lithuania, the period of Soviet Union and after the re-establishment of Lithuania’s independence. In this article, the author analyses the changing problems of ethics (red-tape, conflict of interest, bribery, abuse of authority, protectionism, corruption) in the Lithuanian public services in terms of their content, extent and forms. Although certain periods of time are characterised by smaller or larger individual problems, their essence remained almost the same throughout different stages of the public service. This conclusion points to the need to analyse the impact of Lithuanian political and administrative culture on public service ethics and other phenomena of public management.
RUSIJOS ISTORIJOS POLITIKA
Authors: Lopata Raimundas
Published: January 2019

Lithuanian authors have challenges to study Russia’s politics of history. The analysis is complicated because of a few factors. Diplomatic disputes and informative wars between Lithuania and Russia concerning historical questions have encouraged researches by historians but not by political scientists. In Lithuania, the questions of who and how is forming the history politics of Russia, what is its content and the function it accomplishes, remain unexamined. The analysis is further complicated by disagreement among Russian political scientists, historians, journalists, and politicians over the existence of such politics. The present analysis demonstrates that post-soviet Russia perceives the importance of historical memory, i.e. it understands that historical memory and its forms depend on the states’ politics. Russia’s political history genesis testifies that trends of such politics depend on the geopolitical orientation of its government. The end of the Cold War did not manage to conceal the fundamental differences between Europe and Russia. The wave of liberalism and democracy, which spread over Central and Eastern Europe as well as Russian Federation, has caused tension in Russia ruled by B. Yeltsin. Yeltsin’s Russia was not able to tackle this problem by using measures of history politics in order to lessen the distance between Russia and the West. V. Putin undertook to find the solution to this situation, and he did. By using changes of international politics, he builds the image of Russia as a great power. Politics of history are subordinated to build this image; also, it is used as an instrument in domestic politics. The history politics of Russia has taken the shape of a manipulative form and serves the interests of V. Putins’s power.
LIETUVOS NARYSTĖ EUROPOS SĄJUNGOJE: EKONOMINĖ RAIDA
Authors: KUOKŠTIS VYTAUTAS
Published: January 2019

This article surveys the Lithuanian economic experience related to its membership in the European Union. It provides an overview of short and medium-term macroeconomic trends as well as issues related to long-term economic development. This article reveals that the Lithuanian economy was highly volatile during the period analysed. After very fast expansion in the wake of the EU accession, the country encountered a very severe economic crisis in 2008–2010. At the same time, it must be noted that Lithuania was the most successful new EU member state in terms of economic convergence, at least when looking at how much it reduced the gap between its GDP per capita and the EU average. This article also looks at changes in the Lithuanian economic integration within the EU. It finds that economic integration in 2004–2014 increased fast in the areas of trade, investments and labour mobility in absolute terms. At the same time, the relative share of trade with EU member states declined.This article also aims to provide a discussion on the EU’s causal influence on the Lithuanian economy. It highlights the issues and complications related to such an evaluation which requires the formulation of a proper counterfactual. To this end, several potential channels of the EU’s influence are analysed. Based on economic theory and literature overview of concrete impact assessments, this article concludes that the membership’s impact was substantial and positive. In terms of different impact channels, increased trade integration, higher foreign direct investments as well as a solidified favourable institutional environment were unequivocally beneficial. At the same time, there were also some negative aspects, primarily related to higher labour mobility which contributed to economic “overheating” prior to the crisis and raises concerns about future growth prospects.
LIETUVOS NARYSTĖ EURO ZONOJE – POKYČIŲ LIETUVOS POLITIKOJE IR STOJIMO LAIKO PASIRINKIMO ANALIZĖ
Authors: VILPIŠAUSKAS RAMŪNAS
Published: January 2019

The article discusses Lithuania’s accession into the euro zone, first, by presenting the political economy analysis of the first unsuccessful attempt to introduce euro in 2007 and then comparing it with the second, successful attempt to do that in 2015. The focus is on legal, institutional and political changes, for example, the strengthening of non-majoritarian institutions, and the functional linkages between monetary policy and budgetary or regulatory policies. It is argued that although the existence of a currency board reduced uncertainty linked to the fluctuating exchange rate regime and facilitated the participation in the Exchange rate mechanism II, due to the lack of political consensus in the country and misaligned monetary and budgetary and regulatory policies, in particular as Parliamentary elections approached, the actual accession into the euro zone was achieved only ten years after joining the EU and Lithuania was the last of the three Baltic States to accomplish that. It should be noted that due to the different regimes of monetary and exchange rate policies in the three Baltic States, on the one hand, and Poland, on the other, for the former the euro introduction represented a final step out of the crisis of 2008–2009 while in the latter the experience of 2009 resulted in the indefinite postponement of this goal. According to the survey of political elites in Lithuania conducted for this project, the main motive for joining the euro zone is mostly linked to the perceived economic benefits, while the ‘seat at the table’, i.e., the possibility to participate in the decisionmaking of the euro zone and security benefits from being part of the core member states of the EU are less important.
Promoting Enrollment in Parenting Programs Among a Filipino Population: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Javier Joyce R. , Coffey Dean M. , Palinkas Lawrence A. , Kipke Michele D. , Miranda Jeanne , Schrager Sheree M.
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Evidence-based parenting programs prevent the onset and escalation of youth conduct problems. However, participation rates in such programs are low among hard-to-reach populations, including Filipino individuals. Compared with other ethnic groups, Filipino adolescents have significant mental health disparities. We evaluated the effectiveness of a theory-based, culturally tailored video versus a usual-care mainstream video on enrollment in an evidence-based parenting program among Filipino caregivers of children ages 6 to 12 years and tested theoretical mediators of intervention effect.

METHODS:

We randomly assigned 215 Filipino participants to view either a theory-based, culturally tailored video based on the Health Belief Model and Theory of Planned Behavior or a control video. The primary outcome was actual enrollment in an evidence-based parenting intervention. Mediators (knowledge and perceived susceptibility) were modeled as latent variables in a structural equation model.

RESULTS:

After the intervention, participants in the intervention group had significantly higher knowledge of Filipino adolescent behavioral health disparities and higher perceived susceptibility to adolescent risky sexual activity and illegal drug use. Controlling for child sex, parents in the intervention group had significantly greater odds of actual enrollment in the Incredible Years program (odds ratio = 2.667; 95% confidence interval: 1.328–5.354; P = .006). The intervention effects were mediated by increased knowledge and perceived susceptibility.

CONCLUSIONS:

Results demonstrated the effectiveness of a theory-based, culturally tailored intervention aimed at increasing participation of a hard-to-engage population in parenting interventions. Videos that include parents and health professionals with whom audiences can identify can be used to produce shifts in knowledge and behavior.
Aproximación fonológica a las lenguas de la región Guaporé-Mamoré
Authors: González Hebe A. , Gil Bustos Marcela J.
Published: January 2019

Este artículo examina los rasgos fonológicos que caracterizan las lenguas de la región Guaporé-Mamoré (Bolivia, Brasil) y aporta datos que contribuyen a evaluar la hipótesis de esta región como área lingüística. A partir de un estudio comparativo de 38 lenguas, se identifican rasgos compartidos con lenguas de otras regiones de América del Sur y rasgos más específicos de la región Guaporé-Mamoré que la diferencian de las lenguas del subcontinente. Se distinguen, además, dos subáreas en las que las lenguas despliegan características específicas según se encuentren del lado este u oeste del río Mamoré. Con este trabajo, proporcionamos datos que contribuyen a una teoría explicativa de los patrones de sonido que se observan en las lenguas del mundo y de las razones de su emergencia.
Hacia un análisis de la obra de Richard Wagner a través de la lingüística computacional
Authors: Molina Mejía Jorge Mauricio
Published: January 2019

El presente artículo busca explorar la relación entre música y lingüística. Para ello, analiza una parte importante de la obra wagneriana, utilizando algunas herramientas de la lingüística computacional. Para este fin, se ha constituido un corpus de libretos con obras pertenecientes a Richard Wagner y se ha empleado una metodología basada en la lingüística de corpus. Nuestro objetivo es analizar los textos wagnerianos y encontrar la relación entre música y lingüística desde una perspectiva ligada a los Leitmotive del autor alemán, observando, de esta manera, el comportamiento de una obra lírica desde el punto de vista lingüístico.
When creativity meets systemic functional linguistics
Authors: Law Locky
Published: January 2019

As of today, the proportion of research in creativity which focuses on the description of language and language use has been minuscule, with Carter’s (2004) creativity matrix for spoken English being arguably the most systematic attempt in over a decade. In spite of his success in identifying certain key features associated with creativity production, he too has acknowledged the presence of a rather significant gap in between those interpersonal features and context (of situation) and has thus called for a comprehensive model to fill this niche. The aim of this article is to address this issue by proposing a new descriptive model for the representation of the probabilistic nature of linguistic creativity using a systemic functional linguistic approach. This article is divided into four sections. The first section begins by describing the background and definitions of creativity. The second section discusses the main concepts and theories involved in the model construction. The third section provides a detailed, step-by-step walk-through of the model. Finally, the last section concludes with a short discussion of the advantages and limitations of this model.
EFFECTS OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL NEUROTHERAPY IN REGULATION IMMUNE RESPONSE COMBINED WITH STANDARD ANTITUBERCULOSIS DRUG THERAPY IN ACUTE PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Kolesnikova O. V. , Petrenko T. I. , Kolpakova T. A. , Trufakin V. A.
Published: January 2019

The aim of this study was to assess optimizing effects of antistress neurotechnologies on the clinical course of acute pulmonary tuberculosis. The study was performed in three steps: upon admission before treatment, followed by repeated examination at 2 and 4 months. The patients before study were divided into the two groups: (1) 33 patients received standard antituberculosis drug therapy (SDT) and (2) 35 cases after standard antituberculosis drug therapy accompanied by neurothechnological anti-stress therapy (NAT). Patients from the NAT group received a regular audio-visual-vibrotactile stimulation as additional therapy (2 to 3 30-min sessions per week during 4 months). By the time of hospitalization, the groups did not differ in their general immune state. The percentages of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD16+, CD19+as well as indexes of phagocyte activity showed some changes after 2 and 4 months of therapy. The patients from both groups before treatment exhibited lymphocytosis, decreased phagocyte activity, when compared to healthy individuals. By the end of therapy (4 months), the patients from the NAT group showed increased phagocytosis by monocytes (p < 0.01) and granulocytes (p < 0.05) which approached values of healthy control. The study demonstrated also that efficiency of combined therapy was higher in the NAT vs. SDT group: closure of lung destruction cavities was observed in 90.5% of patients from the NAT group vs 45% of patients from the STD group. The results present evidence for combined implementation of neurothechnological anti-stress therapies as a supplementary method for the standard specific drug therapy in primary infiltrative lung tuberculosis.
HYPERSENSITIVITY MARKERS IN CHILDREN UNDER ENVIRONMENTAL ALUMINUM EXPOSURE
Authors: Starkova K. G. , Dolgikh O. V. , Otavina E. A. , Bezruchenko N. V. , Guselnikov M. A. , Mazunina A. A.
Published: January 2019

The studies in the organism adaptation for the conditions of technogenic environmental changes, especially in child population, will allow to design a set of diagnostic markers for assessing the health status and early detection of pathological trends for development of hypersensitivity to environmental substances and improve efficiency of therapeutic and preventive measures. Metals are capable to alter functional activity of immune system by producing both immunostimulating and suppressive effects on immune reactivity, dependent on the properties of the given metal, its environmental concentration, source and duration of exposure. The aim of the present study was to investigate the features of hypersensitivity markers in children under the conditions of external exposure to aluminum. We have conducted a survey of the schoolchildren aged from 7 to 11 y.o. (a mean of 8.82±0.11 years), permanently inhabiting the territory of active industrial exposure associated with environmental contamination with aluminum compounds. The comparison group consisted of children from a “conventionally clean” area, with acceptable parameters of environmental quality. Specific features of sensitization developing to aluminum were evaluated, including both reactive and alternative mediator mechanisms (leukotrienes and prostaglandins), as well as participation of the cytokines in evolving sensitivity to the metal in the ex vivo experiments. We have shown a 1.43-fold increased level of metal in peripheral blood of the observation group, than in comparison group (respectively, observation group, 0.020±0.005 μg/ml; comparison group 0.014±0.003 μg/ml). Enhanced levels of IgE antibodies were found to be 2.13-fold higher compared to the reference values (213.55±88.10 IU/ml against normal rates of < 100.0 IU/ml) accompanied by increased specific IgG antibodies to aluminum (1.55-fold relative to the controls, i.e., 0.157±0.054 cu in observation group versus 0.101±0.041 cu for the comparison group), as well as a 2.09-fold increased spontaneous production of leukotrienes C4/D4/E4 (80.60±19.44 pg/ml for observation group; 38.51±2.40 pg/ml in the comparison group), which was 1.67-fold enhanced by experimental aluminum stimulation. Prostaglandin F2α levels among the children from observation group were increased 1.9-fold (observation group, 892.62±97.20 pg/ml; comparison group, 457.11±132.99 pg/ml, p < 0.05). Under the ex vivo experimental conditions, we observed mostly suppressive effects of aluminum upon the cytokine production. E.g., IL-4 production was inhibited by 2.13-fold, as compared with control values (observation group, 0.64±0.23 pg/ml; comparison group, 1.36±0.09 pg/ml); the suppression for IL-17 was 1.90 times (observation group, 1.08±0.27 pg/ ml; comparison group, 2.05±0.37 pg/ml, p < 0.05). The parameters studied may be used as aluminum hypersensitivity markers and used for monitoring and predictions in public health care.
CHANGES OF INNATE IMMUNITY INDEXES IN SEVERE ASTHMA IN CHILDREN
Authors: Gankovskaya L. V. , Namazova-Baranova L. S. , Poriadin G. V. , Grechenko V. V. , Gankovsky V. A. , Alekseeva A. A. , Salmashi Zh. M. , Kazimirsky A. N. , Bragvadze B. G. , Svitich O. A.
Published: January 2019

At the present time, the role of innate immunity in pathogenesis of bronchial asthma (BA) is actively studied, in particular, significance of TLRs and cytokines. The study included 42 patients with severe bronchial asthma (from 3 to 12 years old), and 67 healthy children at the same age. Expression of TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9 genes was evaluated by PCR-RT from the scrapings of nasal mucosa; cytokines (IL-33, TSLP, IL-4, TGF-β1 and IL-28B) were assayed in nasal swabs by ELISA technique. The main results were as follows: an increased gene expression of TLR2, TLR4, TLR9 genes was revealed in the nasal mucosa scraps from the patients with bronchial asthma as compared to healthy children. We have also measured the contents of important cytokines secreted by the respiratory epithelium in the course of TLRs activation. The study of IL-33, TSLP, IL-4 in nasal samples revealed significantly increased concentrations of these cytokines in the patients with severe BA against the control group. A study of TGF-βlevels in nasal cavity swabs revealed a significant decrease of this regulatory cytokine in the group of pediatric patients with asthma. Worth of note, evaluation of antiviral IL-28B cytokine in the group of patients with severe BA showed a significant downward trend, in comparison to the control indexes. Hence, one may conclude on some disturbances of local innate immunity system in the patients with severe BA which manifest as hyperexpression of TLRs genes, increased production of proinflammatory and epithelial cytokines, decreased production of antiviral IL-28B cytokine, and TGF-β1.
Carcinoma of Unknown Primary withEML4-ALKFusion Response toALKInhibitors
Authors: Zhao Peng , Peng Ling , Wu Wei , Zheng Yi , Jiang Weiqin , Zhang Hangyu , Tong Zhou , Liu Lulu , Ma Ruobing , Wang Liping , Yao Ming , Wang Kai , Fang Weijia , Wu Liming
Published: January 2019

With the advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and precision medicine, investigators have determined that tumors from different tissue sources that have the same types of genetic mutations will have a positive response to the same targeted therapy. This finding has prompted us to seek potential therapeutic targets for patients with carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP) using NGS technology. Here, we reported a case of a woman with CUP resistance to chemotherapy. We detected 450 cancer-related gene alterations using three metastatic tumor specimens and found the presence of EML4 exon13 and ALK exon20 fusion. The tumor did respond to crizotinib, a first-generation ALK inhibitor. When her tumor progressed, circulating tumor DNA detection revealed ALK L1196 M and G1269A mutation resistance to crizotinib, but she had a response to brigatinib. This case revealed that NGS technology used to detect the genetic alterations in patients with CUP might be a reliable method to find potential therapeutic targets, although the primary lesion could not always be confirmed.

Key Points

This case exemplifies responsiveness to ALK inhibitor in carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP) with EML4-ALK fusion. Next-generation sequencing is an important diagnostic tool to find potential therapeutic targets in CUP. Liquid biopsy may be useful to provide critical information about resistance mechanisms in CUP to guide sequential treatment decision with targeted therapy.
Para estudar políticas públicas: aspectos conceituais, metodológicos e abordagens teóricas
Authors: Schmidt João Pedro
Published: January 2019

O artigo apresenta, com base em revisão bibliográfica, elementos conceituais, metodológicos e abordagens teóricas para o estudo das políticas públicas com base na literatura da ciência política. Após situar histórica e socialmente a análise de políticas, é exposto o conceito de política pública enquanto resposta do poder público a um problema político, seguido de um elenco das principais tipologias. No que concerne à metodologia dos estudos de políticas, sustenta que a abordagem dos ciclos (fases) continua sendo central nas investigações da área, especialmente pela sua compatibilidade com diferentes perspectivas teóricas, e realça a importância de considerar os agentes envolvidos na política e os recursos de poder de cada qual. Por fim, sumariza sete abordagens teóricas influentes no estudo das políticas. A premissa básica reiterada ao longo do texto é que as politicas públicas só podem ser devidamente compreendidas à luz do contexto mais amplo da política.
Participación política y democracia representativa
Authors: García Rojas José Adrián
Published: January 2019

El título que propongo para esta conferencia no es nada original, pero, precisamente por eso, ya nos ofrece una idea clara de lo que voy a exponerles a continuación. Efectivamente, no se entiende la democracia sin participación ni representación. La adjetivemos de la forma que queramos, bien sea como burguesa frente a la auténtica democracia del socialismo real, que era la democracia popular, o tildándola de orgánica, como definía el régimen del General Franco a su régimen autoritario, o bien manejemos el usual de término de democracia liberal frente al de democracia social, que se unen, en mi opinión en la concepción del Estado Social y Democrático de Derecho. Podemos colegir que no existe régimen alguno que prevea ciertas formas o cauces -en expresión del régimen franquista- de participación y de representación política. La primera puede ser más o menos propiciada desde el Estado. Puede contar con más o menos impedimentos, permitir o no partidos políticos, ser un régimen que ponga el acento en los derechos civiles y políticos y en las libertades fundamentales o hacerlo, como en los regímenes comunistas o de socialismo real, en los derechos colectivos y sociales. También en todos los regímenes políticos, sean autoritarios o democráticos liberales, nos encontramos con cámaras o asambleas representativas de tipo corporativo, como en los sistemas autoritarios y fascistas, populares y pretendidamente asamblearios, a la manera de los soviets, o en la tradicional y liberal forma de un Parlamento. Tanta ha sido la discusión doctrinal sobre lo que es la democracia, que el politólogo norteamericano Robert A. DAHL propuso denominar a las democracias liberales con el nombre de “poliarquías”.
MERSİN-SİLİFKE YÖRÜK KÜLTÜR HAYATINDA KÜL
Authors: ALPTEKİN Mehmet
Published: January 2019

Yörük; hayvancılıkla geçinen, genellikle Toroslarda yaşayan göçebe
Türk oymağı olarak bilinmektedir. Ayrıca, Anadolu’ya gelip burayı yurt tutan
göçebe Oğuz boylarını (Türkmenleri) da ifade eden bir kavramdır. Toros
dağlarında birçok yayla, otlak ve meranın bulunması, yüksek rakımı, Asya tipi
yaşam koşullarına elverişli olması; buranın XI. yüzyıldan itibaren Anadolu'ya
gelen Türkmenlerin başlıca yaşama alanı olmasına vesile olmuştur. Yörüklerin
hayvanlarını yetiştirebilecekleri ve diğer işlerini devam ettirebilecekleri
iklime ve coğrafi özelliklere sahip olan Mersin (İçel)’in Silifke ilçesi;
Bahşiş, Döneli, Menemenci, Sarıkeçili ve Tekeli gibi birçok göçer obasına ev
sahipliği yapmaktadır. Bu coğrafyada göçerler, Orta Asya’dan getirdikleri
birçok kültür değerini hâlâ canlı şekilde yaşamaktadır. Çalışmada, başta
temizleyicilik özelliğiyle karşımıza çıkan külün yapım aşamasından başlanarak
değişik uygulamalardaki yeri ve önemi Mersin-Silifke Yörüklerinden tespit
edilen örneklerle değerlendirilmiştir. Bu sayede bir dönemin olmazsa olmazı külün
kültür hayatındaki önemine değinilmiştir.
ABDURRAHMAN SAMİ PAŞA’NIN RUMELİ TEFTİŞİ
Authors: KELEŞ Erdoğan
Published: January 2019

1839 Tanzimat Fermanı’nın ilanından sonra hızlı bir
şekilde reform hareketleri başlatıldı. Fermanda herkesin can ve mal
güvenliğinin sağlanacağı, mal-mülk sayımı yapılacağı ve verginin herkesin
gelirine göre alınacağı ilan edilmişti. Bu maksatla 1840 senesinde Anadolu ve
Rumeli taraflarına müfettişler gönderildi. Teftiş hareketi, devletin eskiden
beri tercih ettiği bir usul olup, yapılması düşünülen reformların hangi yönde
olması gerektiğini tespit etmek için uygulanırdı. Tanzimat Fermanı’nın
ilanından sonra ilki 1840 senesinde olmak üzere daha sonraki yıllarda birkaç
defa memleketin teftişine girişildi. Ancak bu teftiş hareketleri çeşitli
gerekçelerle başarıya ulaşmadı. Mustafa Reşit Paşa ve diğer Tanzimatçılar 1850
senesinde Rumeli ve Anadolu taraflarına müfettiş heyetleri gönderme kararı
aldılar. Kasım 1850 tarihinde Rumeli’nin teftişine Abdurrahman Sami Paşa tayin
edildi. Abdurrahman Sami Paşa, Ocak 1851’den Ağustos 1851 tarihine kadar Rumeli
bölgesinde teftiş faaliyetlerinde bulundu. Görevde kaldığı sekiz ay boyunca
bölgenin sosyal, ekonomik ve dini sorunlarına dair tespitler yaptı. Abdurrahman
Sami Paşa, Ağustos 1851’de Bosna valiliğine tayin edilince müfettişlik görevi
de Meclis-i Vala üyesi Kamil Paşa’ya verildi. Abdurrahman Sami Paşa, görev
yaptığı süre boyunca Selanik’ten Bosna’ya kadar Rumeli’nin orta ve batı
taraflarını dolaşmış, gezdiği yerler hakkında kaleme aldığı raporları
İstanbul’a göndermiştir. Bu teftişin amacı Tanzimat esaslarının uygulanmasının
başarılı olup olmadığını tespit etmek ve başarısızlığın nedenlerine dair çözüm
yolları aramaktı. Bu çalışmada Abdurrahman Sami Paşa’nın müfettişlik görevi ve
gönderdiği raporlar doğrultusunda Rumeli’de Tanzimat’ın uygulanmasına dair bazı
tespitlerine yer verilecektir
Compromiso organizacional y la intención de permanencia de los profesionales de enfermería en una institución de salud privada, Lima
Authors: Contreras Alomía Irma Aurora , Contreras Castro Flor Lucila
Published: January 2019

Objetivo: La verificación de la existencia de una relación directa entre las variables compromiso organizacional e intención de permanencia en el personal de enfermería de una institución de salud privada en Lima – Perú. Se identificaron los valores de compromiso organizacional y sus tres dimensiones según Meller y Allen (1991) y el porcentaje de colaboradores que tuvieron una intención de permanecer en la institución. Material y métodos: El estudio fue cuantitativo, no experimental, transversal y descriptivo correlacional. Tuvo como población a la totalidad de enfermeras de dicho establecimiento haciendo un total de 120 profesionales. La muestra está constituida por 100 enfermerosseleccionados por muestreo no probabilístico a conveniencia, de los cuales, 81 colaboradores llenaron correctamente el instrumento de recolección de datos. Los Resultados: mostraron que un alto porcentaje de profesionales en enfermería están comprometidos con la institución (80.2%), el compromiso que prevalece es el afectivo (93.8%), seguido del compromiso de continuación (76.5%); sin embargo, el compromiso normativo (35.8%) está presente en un porcentaje reducido. Un 90.1% de colaboradores tienen la intención de permanecer en la institución. Conclusión: no existe relación significativa entre el compromiso organizacional y la intención de permanencia de los profesionalesde enfermería.
Adherencia de la suplementación con multimicronutrientes y nivel de hemoglobina en niños de 6 a 36 meses del distrito de Huanca Huanca, Perú, 2017
Authors: Tinoco Ramos Andrea , Yanzapanta Cruz Kerlly , Miranda Limachi Keila
Published: January 2019

Objetivo del estudio fue determinar los factores de adherencia a la suplementación con multimicronutrientes relacionados al nivel de hemoglobina en niños de 6 a 36 meses de edad del distrito de Huanca Huanca, Huancavelica. Material y métodos: el estudio fue de enfoque cuantitativo, de diseño no experimental, tipo correlacional y de corte transversal. La muestra fue no probabilística de tipo intencional, utilizando los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, conformada por 60 niños de 6 a 36 meses de edad. El instrumento utilizado para la recolección de datos fue el Test de Adherencia a la Suplementación con Multimicronutrientes de Espichan (2013) y la medición de hemoglobina serealizó con el Hemocue 201. Resultados: El 53,3% de madres presentó una adherencia media. El 53,3% de niños presentó hemoglobina normal. Además, no existe relación entre la adherencia general a la suplementación con multimicronutrientes y el nivel de hemoglobina, con un p-valor de 0,385 yse encontró una correlación baja en el factor relacionado al suplemento con un p-valor de 0,042. Conclusión: Ambas variables no se relacionan.
ddRADSeq in a Field Setting v1
Authors: Watsa Mrinalini , Erkenswick Gideon , Jin Matthew Park Dong
Published: January 2019

This protocol begins with blood stored in Longmire's solution and has as its goal, the sequencing of genomic DNA from several individuals onto a single MinION sequencing run. It is based on a protocol outlined by Thrasher et al. (2018) for the same process on a large number of warbler samples, but it differs from this original protocol in a few key ways: Since we ultimately were targeting sequencing by a MinION sequencer, the ultimate processing steps reflect library preparation for runs on this device, instead of Illumina sequencers. For the same reason, we also size selected larger fragments than can be sequenced on a MiSeq platform. This protocol is also meant to only analysed a few individuals (20 or less) since the MinION read coverage is lower than that of a MiSeq. The entire protocol was carried out in a field laboratory in the southeastern Peruvian Amazon, and therefore many of the luxuries a institutional laboratory can afford were not present to us We used gel-based size selection in the absence of methods such as Blue Pippin.