bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Akıllı Telefon Bağımlılığı ile Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişki: Spor Bilimleri Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: Musaoğlu Özlem , Işık Özkan , Çiçek Güner
Published: December 2024

Dijitalleşme ile birlikte günümüzde insanların dijital cihazlarla olan bağları giderek artmaktadır. Bu durum onların fiziksel aktiviteye ayrılan zamanda azalmalara neden olabilir. Bu bağlamda bu araştırmanın amacı spor bilimleri öğrencilerinin akıllı telefon bağımlılık düzeyleri ile fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemektir. İlişkisel tarama modeli kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen bu araştırmaya online anket yöntemi ile 145’i kadın, 255’i erkek toplam 400 spor bilimleri öğrencisi katılmıştır. Veri toplama araçları olarak; Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Akıllı Telefon Bağımlılığı Ölçeği ve Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi (Kısa Formu) kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin istatistiksel analizlerinde bağımsız gruplar t-testi, Pearson korelasyon ve Regresyon analizleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları incelendiğinde; akıllı telefon bağımlılığı düzeylerinde cinsiyete göre anlamlı farklılık elde edilirken (p<0,05); fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinde cinsiyete göre anlamlı farklılık olmadığı tespit edilmiştir (p>0,05). Akıllı telefon bağımlılığı ile fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri arasında negatif yönde düşük düzeyde anlamlı ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Ayrıca fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin akıllı telefon bağımlılığını negatif yönde anlamlı şekilde %4 oranında yordadığı tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak, fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin artması spor bilimleri öğrencilerinin akıllı telefona bağımlı olma düzeylerini azaltacağını düşündürmektedir.
Spor Bilimleri Alanında Yapılan Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışmalarının Metodolojik Açıdan İncelenmesi
Authors: Demır Elif Kubra , Çüm Sait , Aygün Murat
Published: December 2024

Bu araştırmada, Türkiye’de spor bilimleri alanında yapılmış ölçek geliştirme çalışmalarının incelenmesi ve bu çalışmalarda yürütülen süreçlerin ölçek geliştirme ölçütlerine uygunluğunun belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın veri setini, 2017 ile 2023 yılları arasında TÜBİTAK ULAKBİM veri tabanında taranan dergilerde yayımlanan, spor bilimleriyle ilişkili 65 ölçek geliştirme çalışması oluşturmuştur. İncelenen ölçek geliştirme çalışmalarında, ölçülmesi amaçlanan özelliğin ilişkili olduğu yapı ve kuramlar ile birlikte ele alınması ve işe vuruk tanımının yapılması gibi sürecin ilk aşamalarından itibaren uyulması gereken bazı ölçütlere dikkat edilmediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bununla birlikte, ölçeğin hedef kitlesinin açıkça tanımlanması, özelliğin doğasına uygun bir ölçekleme tekniğinin belirlenmesi, deneme formu için maddelerin alternatifli olarak yazılması, uygun istatistiksel tekniklerin seçilmesi, gerekli geçerlik ve güvenirlik kanıtlarının toplanması gibi süreçlerde ölçek geliştirme alanyazınına uygunluk bakımından önemli eksiklikler tespit edilmiştir. Aynı zamanda çalışmada ölçek geliştirmenin önemli bir uzmanlık alanı olduğu ve yapılan hataların diğer bilimsel çalışmaları da etkileyebilecek daha büyük sorunlara yol açabileceği de hatırlatılmıştır. Farklı uzmanların yer aldığı daha geniş ekiplerle yapılan çalışmaların pek çok hatayı önleyebileceği vurgulanmıştır. Bu hatalar detaylı açıklanarak önlenmelerine ve giderilmelerine yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlar üzerine yapılan tartışmaların ve ölçek geliştirmek isteyen araştırmacılara sunulan önerilerin alanyazına katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Ayrıca araştırmacılar, bu çalışmada geliştirilen ölçek geliştirme ölçütleri formunu hem ölçek geliştirme sürecini eksiksiz ve doğru yürütmek için hem de mevcut ölçekleri incelemek için kullanabilirler.
Anurans in forest fragments along the upper Glória River, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: Lopes de Assis Clodoaldo , Novaes Camila , Rosado Mendonça Lucas , Augusto Dias Marcelo , Magalhães Guedes Jhonny José , Teixeira Silva Emanuel , Neves Feio Renato
Published: December 2024

The Brazilian Atlantic Forest is a biodiversity hotspot, harboring many endemic species threatened byanthropogenic actions. Although less than 15% of the natural vegetation remains, this biome currently supports morethan 600 amphibian species, representing more than half of Brazilian amphibian diversity. However, a notable lack ofinformation regarding the richness and distribution of this taxonomic group in this biome persists. To fill in some gapsin our knowledge, we provide a checklist of anurans from a highly fragmented unprotected area of the Atlantic Forestin southeastern Brazil. Through fieldwork and bibliographic review, we recorded 44 species in the area, a noteworthyassemblage, especially when compared with the nearest protected area, which harbors 58 species. Additionally, weprovide novel data about the critically endangered Garcia’s Small Frog (Ischnocnema garciai), discuss potential impactsrelated to the presence of American Bullfrogs (Aquarana catesbeiana) in the area, and document amphibian mortalitydue to electric fences. In summary, we show that even fragmented and unprotected areas of the Atlantic Forest stillharbor substantial anuran diversity.
RESONANT ABSORPTION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION BY AN ORDERED ARRAY OF CONDUCTING ELEMENTS WITH HELICAL SYMMETRY
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control System and Radioelectronics, KRIVIN N.N. , PONAMAREV D.E. ,   Tomsk State University of Control System and Radioelectronics, SHIPULYA M.A. ,   Tomsk Polytechnic University
Published: December 2024

The absorption spectra of the microwave electromagnetic field by an ordered array consisting of conducting elements with helical symmetry have been experimentally recorded. The resonance curve coincides with the Lorentz contour with great accuracy.
CHANGES IN OPTICAL PROPERTIES AFTER IRRADIATION OF PDPP-FS PASTE WITH SOLAR SPECTRUM QUANTA
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, MIKHAILOV M.M. , YURYEV S.A. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, LAPIN A.N. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, FEDOSOV D.S. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, GORONCHKO V.A. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, ARTISHCHEV S.A. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, TRUFANOVA N.S. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics
Published: December 2024

In this work, studies of the surface, structure, optical properties, and photo-resistance of the coating obtained by printing on a Voltera V-One printer with a dielectric protective polymer paste for flexible substrates have been performed. As a result of the work, it was found that the resulting coating has a higher photo-resistance compared to the widely used TiO2 pigment. Thus, the flexible coating under study is promising for application on the outer surfaces of spacecraft, including as a thermal control coating.
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF VISCOUS FLOWS FOR BURNING METAL PARTICLES MOVING IN COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF CONDENSED SYSTEMS
Authors:   Cheboksary Institute (Branch) of Moscow Polytechnic University, LEPAEV A.N. , KSENOFONTOV S.I. ,   Chuvash State Pedagogical University named after I.Ya. Yakovlev, VASILYEVA O.V. ,   Chuvash State University named after I.N. Ulyanov, ALIMOV K.K. ,   Chuvash State University named after I.N. Ulyanov
Published: December 2024

The flame structure of a burning metal particle moving in combustion products of condensed systems has been studied using optical and contact methods. It has been shown for the first time that the hydrodynamic interaction of a burning metal particle with combustion products occurs along the outer boundary of a spherical flame. The boundary layer, which determines the viscous properties of the medium, is a two-phase flow with decreasing concentration of dispersed particles along the radius. The viscosity coefficient of the flows washing the burning particle, comparable with the viscosity coefficient of the liquid medium, has been experimentally determined.
ALLOY STRUCTURE FORMATION DURING FRICTION STIR WELDING
Authors:   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, SIZOVA O.V. , KOLUBAEV A.V. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2024

The structure and physical and mechanical properties of a welded joint of an aluminum-magnesium alloy made by friction stir welding have been studied. The specificity of the plastic flow of welded material is shown, as a result of which a gradient structure with ultrafine grains is formed in the center of the weld.
STRUCTURAL, ELASTIC, PIEZOELECTRIC, AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF PB2(BO3)X (X: CL, BR, I, NO3) FROM FIRST PRINCIPLES
Authors:   Kemerovo State University, ZHURAVLEV YU.N.
Published: December 2024

Using density functional theory methods of the CRYSTAL code in the basis of localized orbitals with the exchange-correlation functional PBE and hybrid PBE0, first-principles calculations of the structure, electronic, elastic, piezoelectric, and optical properties of Pb2(BO3)X (X: Cl, Br, I, NO3) were performed. It is shown that elastic anisotropy and polarization dependence of the IR absorption and Raman spectra reflect the layered structure of the crystals, and high piezoelectric and second harmonic generation coefficients predict their use in energy storage and nonlinear optics.
THE MECHANISM OF STABILITY OF NANOBUBBLES IN WATER
Authors:   Institute of Applied Mechanics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, LEVIN YU.K.
Published: December 2024

It is shown that the mechanism of nanobubbles stability in water is provided by the pressure P d of the polarized medium when Laplace and Coulomb pressures are balanced P L = P C. In this case, the Coulomb pressure is mainly due to the pressure P d, which is (ε-1) times greater than the pressure Pq due to the energy of the bound and free charges (ε is the relative dielectric permeability of water). The ratio of the charge and radius of a nanobubble was found when fulfilling the condition P L = P C. It is also shown that the pressure of the counterions of the diffuse layer can be neglected.
THE EFFECT OF CHARGE ON THE STABILITY OF SURFACE NANOBUBBLES
Authors:   Institute of Applied Mechanics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, KOSHORIDZE S.I.
Published: December 2024

The article theoretically explores the possibility of stabilizing surface nanobubbles with electrostatic pressure. It is shown that the electrostatic pressure in nanobubbles of this type is significantly lower than that in bulk nanobubbles. Consequently, electrostatic pressure, contrary to the popular statement in the literature, is unlikely to be able to overcome the compressive Laplace pressure and prevent the diffusive dissolution of surface nanobubbles.
MODELING OF CONSERVATIVE MOTION OF THRESHOLDS ON SCREW DISLOCATION SEGMENTS
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building, CHEREPANOV D.N. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics
Published: December 2024

The projections of forces acting on the threshold are considered, an expression is obtained for the resultant of these forces, and an equation is proposed for the conservative motion of the threshold along the dislocation line under the action of the resultant of forces acting on the attracting thresholds. A criterion for the possibility of conservative motion of thresholds for metals and alloys with low and high packing energy is considered. The results of modeling are presented and the dependence of the density of the thresholds, at which the motion of the thresholds becomes possible, on the friction parameter is obtained.
Gestión humana y gestión del conocimiento sobre el desempeño organizacional de pequeñas y medianas empresas de una economía emergente: un enfoque al contexto colombiano
Authors: Salas-Arbeláez Laura , Candelo-Viáfara Juan Manuel , Rivera-Diaz Maria del Pilar
Published: December 2024

En esta investigación se analizó el efecto de la gestión humana y la gestión del conocimiento sobre el desempeño de las pequeñas y medianas empresas en una economía emergente y ajustada al caso colombiano. Se aplicó una metodología mixta que consistió en 104 encuestas y 7 entrevistas a empresas de la región. Los resultados indican que existe un efecto positivo en términos cuantitativos cuando la empresa tiene procesos definidos para la formación, selección y evaluación de desempeño, y obtiene flujos de información del entorno, lo que le permite adoptar nuevos procesos aplicados a prototipos y nuevas tecnologías. En términos cualitativos, se encontraron particularidades en los resultados, aunque también se apoyaron con los datos cuantitativos. En conclusión, la gestión humana y la gestión del conocimiento son factores que favorecen un mejor desempeño de las pequeñas y medianas empresas colombianas.
Estudos das propriedades mecânicas, físicas e morfológicas em compósitos utilizados na construção civil
Authors: Cardoso Adriano Pereira , Bassani Felipe Nakamura , Cardoso Flávia Aparecida Reitz , Herek Luciana Cristina Soto , Paccola Edneia Aparecida de Souza
Published: December 2024

The search for sustainable materials in the construction sector is crucial due to its significant environmental impact. Composite material technology emerges as a solution but faces technological challenges in formulating and stabilizing mixtures to minimize environmental impact. This study investigated the environmental behavior of composites made from recycled wood and plastic materials directly sourced from the industry. Three compositions were tested: 100% recycled plastics, 70% recycled wood and 30% recycled plastic, and 70% recycled wood and 30% virgin PVC. After machining to comply with mechanical testing standards, the materials underwent tensile and impact tests. Statistical analyses identified the most resistant samples for civil construction applications. Morphological analysis revealed voids and agglomerates in the compositions, as well as the distribution and compatibility of the filler materials. The water absorption test determined that the composition made entirely of recycled plastics performed best due to its hydrophobic nature, in terms of mechanical, physical, and morphological parameters. This study highlights the feasibility of sustainable composites in construction and the importance of proper material selection to achieve the desired properties.
Mechanistic insights into Y-Box binding protein-1 mediated regulation of lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in NAFLD via INHBE/TNF-β pathway
Authors: Ren Zhi , Wang Rui , Wei Jun , Ma Zhenzeng , Ke Xiquan
Published: December 2024

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent liver disorder that has emerged as a significant public health concern. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms by which Y-box binding protein-1 (YB1) knockdown influences lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in palmitic acid (PA)-induced NAFLD LO2 cells. The expression of YB1 was analyzed using the GSE89632 dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. RNA sequencing was performed, followed by Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Quantitative real-time PCR (QRT-PCR), Western blotting, flow cytometry, and various biochemical assays were used to evaluate gene expression, lipid accumulation, and oxidative stress. Our results demonstrated that YB1 is highly expressed in NAFLD. RNA sequencing revealed 798 DEGs between the shCtrl and shYB1 groups, with 190 genes upregulated and 608 genes downregulated. Notably, we observed an increase in Inhibin beta E (INHBE) expression, while EGR1, GDF15, NUPR1, and FOSB were decreased in NAFLD LO2 cells. YB1 knockdown, particularly when combined with INHBE suppression, significantly enhanced cell viability, improved lipid metabolism, and reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. The downstream mechanism was primarily associated with TNF-β signaling. Specifically, we observed decreased levels of TGF-β1, p-Smad2, and p-Smad3 following YB1 and INHBE knockdown. Furthermore, INHBE overexpression reversed the beneficial effects induced by YB1 knockdown. In conclusion, YB1 knockdown improves lipid metabolism and reduces oxidative stress in NAFLD LO2 cells, largely through the INHBE/TNF-β signaling pathway. These findings provide valuable insights into novel therapeutic strategies for managing NAFLD.
N6-methyladenosine methylation regulators can serve as potential biomarkers for endometriosis related infertility
Authors: He Yalun , Ding Jie , Bai Tonglin , Li Yangshuo , Liang Xiaolan , Chen Yiming , Lin Yi , Cheng Wen , Yu Chaoqin
Published: December 2024

Endometriosis (EMS) is a chronic inflammatory disease frequently associated with infertility. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation, the most common form of methylation in eukaryotic mRNAs, has gained attention in the study of female reproductive diseases, including EMS and infertility. This study aimed to investigate the role of m6A regulators in EMS-related infertility. To begin, specific m6A regulators were identified by analyzing the GSE120103 dataset, followed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. A nomogram model was then constructed, and unsupervised clustering of m6A regulators was performed to identify distinct m6A molecular clusters. Functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between these clusters, along with immune cell infiltration analysis, was subsequently conducted. In addition, the single-cell dataset GSE214411 was analyzed to explore the role of m6A regulators in various cell types. Finally, clinical samples were collected, and immunohistochemistry analysis was performed. The study identified seven key m6A regulators with significant diagnostic value for EMS-related infertility and two distinct m6A molecular clusters. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses of DEGs between the clusters revealed that m6A clustering was strongly associated with immune pathways. Immune cell infiltration analysis further demonstrated that the expression levels of m6A regulators had a notable impact on immune cell infiltration. Single-cell analysis revealed that HNRNPA2B1 and HNRNPC were significantly elevated in endometrial immune cells from infertile EMS patients but notably decreased in stromal cells. Immunohistochemical staining confirmed that HNRNPA2B1 and HNRNPC expression levels were significantly higher in the eutopic endometrium of fertile women compared to ovarian EMS patients. These findings suggest that m6A regulators play critical roles in the development and progression of EMS-related infertility. Notably, HNRNPA2B1 and HNRNPC may serve as potential biomarkers for this condition.
Text Comprehension: A Synthetic Psychological/Linguistic Framework
Authors: Shcherbakova O.V. , Obolskaia V.A.
Published: December 2024

The article describes an interdisciplinary framework which we have developed to study verbal text comprehension based on a combination of psychological and linguistic approaches. The comprehension phenomenon is considered to be a result of a reversible transformation between verbal symbols and mental images of the to-be-comprehended material, with the obligatory condition of preserving its semantic invariance. We emphasize a gradual nature of comprehension and its reliance on a coordinated activity of the recipient's cognitive and emotional mechanisms. We pay particular attention to the negative potential of subjective projections in the comprehension process. We also describe the method of in-depth semi-structured interview, which allows for a multi-level explication of the processes involved in building up a mental representation of the text’s content. As a model for studying the comprehension phenomenon, we suggest a short story "Invisible Japanese Gentlemen" by G. Greene, which has a complex intrinsic structure of implicit meanings. Using linguostylistic and propositional analyses, we described the story’s structure of implicit meanings and identified its various elements (87 in total) and 66 key textual propositions. The reliability analysis showed a high degree of consistency between the experts' (ɑ = 0.6 for elements, ɑ = 0.67 for propositions). This indicates that this text and the structure of its implicit meanings can serve as an adequate stimulus material for studying the comprehension phenomenon. Finally, based on in-depth semi-structured interview data (N = 30), we developed a set of quantitative criteria for assessing the completeness of text comprehension on a 5-point scale.
Artistic Documentary in the Context of Cultural Dialogue and the Expression of a New Nature of Historical Self-knowledge
Authors: Gevorgyan S.R. , Karapetyan V.S. , Ispiryan M.M. , Galstyan A.V. , Marianna A.G. , Mnatsakanyan Ye.Zh. , Margaryan S.A.
Published: December 2024

Artistic documentary captures the lived experiences across different historical periods, highlighting representative events and significant episodes involving historical figures. While these accounts maintain their documentary foundation, the process of artistic transformation renders them distinct from the literal historical events and personalities they portray. This research examines the primary functions of artistic documentary within historical-cultural contexts, analyzing the portrayal of characters, thoughts, judgments, and emotional states through the lens of ontological philosophy. In this framework, artistic documentary serves as a medium for cultural dialogue about historical events and figures, their relationships, emotional dimensions, and behavioral patterns. Through this approach, authors convey cultural, psychological, and historical heritage in accordance with period-specific mentalities, employing distinctive logical frameworks and artistic expression. This methodology establishes a fundamental historiographic foundation for cultural dialogue between present and future generations, fostering spiritual connections among peoples and strengthening civilizational bonds. Documentary works, shaped by the temporal, spatial, and authorial contexts of their creation, reflect systematic relationships while emphasizing particular moods, personal qualities, thought patterns, and artistic imagery. In the current era of cultural interpenetration and transformation, artistic documentary merits further study, particularly regarding East-West cultural dialogue, linguistic-psychological analysis, and the interplay between cognitive processes and emotional states. The research methodology draws from memoirs, travel narratives, and essays by renowned writers. The study employs comparative and contrast methods to examine human-nature relationships, utilizing linguistic hermeneutics to analyze literary works and their original sources. Japanese scholarship on cultural dialogue and Eastern literary expression provides additional theoretical grounding. The analysis reveals that literary works across different cultures primarily aim to facilitate intercultural dialogue, foster mutual understanding, and promote convergence among peoples. They address the challenge of developing universal thinking patterns for present and future generations while preserving both universal and national values, distinctive cognitive approaches, and stable emotional states—all contributing to humanity's broader mission on Earth.
Attitude of 5 and 6 Years Old Preschoolers to Cartoon Characters
Authors: Sobkin V.S. , Ryabkova I.A. , Antufueva N.E.
Published: December 2024

This work is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of attitude of 5- and 6-year-old preschoolers towards cartoon characters. Hypothesis: There are significant changes in the child's attitude towards cartoon characters, which is manifested both in an increase in the use of his subjective personal assessments of heroes and in a change in the correlations between different personal assessments of characters. Sample: 60 children from 5 to 7 years old (30 girls) we recruited for this study. The 1971 Soviet cartoon "Old Toy" was used as the research material. The study included watching the cartoon by each child. Then he/she was offered a modified method of personal constructs by J. Kelly. The results showed that there are differences in the attitude towards the characters. Six-year-olds use subjective personal constructs more often than objective ones and more often rely on the relationships of the characters. In addition, the structure of the interrelationships of subjective personal constructs differs in five- and six-year-olds. 6-year-old children correlateethical assessments with the actions of the characters, while children of five years evaluate the ethics of the characters according to their characteristics. The results allow us to draw general conclusions about age differences towards cartoon characters in children aged five and six years.
Cultural Norm and Personal Security: The Bifurcation Point of the Sociocultural System
Authors: Gilemkhanova E.N.
Published: December 2024

The work examines the current state of the sociocultural environment and raises the question of how to assess the direction of cultural changes. The author argues for the divergence cultural and civilizational development vectors and posits that the primary contradiction within the sociocultural system, in the present cultural-historical context, arises from the dichotomy of The identified trends in civilizational development necessitate a reevaluation of fundamental cultural norms related to human security, highlighting a critical juncture in the evolution of these security norms. Consequently, addressing the issue of changing norms is linked to the concept of artification, which refers to the transformation of the natural into the artificial, and naturalization, which denotes the conversion of the artificial into the natural. In this context, the sociocultural system is analyzed through the lens of processes of reproduction and development, particularly in relation to the transformations in the context of the “naturalization and artification”. Based on the information presented, the objective of this work is to establish a theoretical framework for analyzing the key concepts of the sociocultural system within the space-time continuum of contemporary reality through the application of bifurcation theory. This study offers a theoretical and methodological justification for utilizing bifurcation theory in the examination of sociocultural systems and elaborates on the essence and content of the theoretical construct. According to bifurcation theory, the sociocultural system encompasses three parameters: phase space, time, and the laws of evolution, which collectively enable us to describe the state of the system. The author outlines the key dynamic and system-forming characteristics of a sociocultural system. In conclusion, a sociocultural system, as defined by bifurcation theory, can be conceptualized as a space comprising three topologically equivalent planes: material existence (activities influenced by the type of civilization), cultural existence (cultural norms and standards), and spiritual existence (personal meanings and superordinate values). The multidimensional analysis of time cycles indicates that the sociocultural system is currently undergoing a qualitative transformation, during which the control parameters of the system—specifically security and subjectivity—are evolving. This qualitative transition in the system necessitates the selection of a trajectory for the development of cultural norms, particularly in the context of disrupted cycles of cultural translation and the rapid emergence of new elements within intellectualized digital spaces.
Zagorsk Experiment and the Fate of the Scientist. In Memory of A.V. Suvorov (1953 — 2024)
Authors: Sorokin V.M. , Darinskaia L.A. , Molodtsova G.I. , Demyanchuk R.V.
Published: December 2024

The article, based on a study of scientific materials, examines the activities of Alexander V. Suvorov (1953-2024), a Doctor of Psychology, Professor, and the world's only deafblind psychologist, researcher, teacher, philosopher, and poet. His biography is inextricably linked to the study of deafblind individuals in our country, particularly through an experiment involving the training of four pupils from the Zagorsk boarding school at the Faculty of Psychology of Moscow State University from 1972 to 1977. Educating deafblind individuals in the USSR required long-term efforts from defectologists, teachers, and psychologists. The establishment of a boarding school for deafblind children in Zagorsk in 1963 significantly improved the circumstances for this group of individuals, providing them with pathways to full development, social and professional adaptation, and creative self-expression. Four graduates of the Zagorsk boarding school practically validated the scientific theories of Vygotsky, Sokolyansky, Meshcheryakov, and Ilyenkov. The biography of A.V. Suvorov, who made a unique contribution to the development of typhlosurdopsychology as a branch of special psychology, is particularly noteworthy. The scientist was especially interested in the social environment of deafblind individuals, the nature of self-realization, and the sometimes complex relationships they developed with sighted and hearing individuals.
Holistic Development and Upbringing in Children’s Homes Across Countries: Educational Strategies for Environmental, Cultural, and Psychological Growth
Authors: Telitsyna A.Yu. , Semya G.V.
Published: December 2024

Children’s homes and orphanages play a crucial role in fostering the holistic development of children who lack parental care. This article analyzes educational programs implemented in children’s homes worldwide, focusing on environmental education, cultural-aesthetic development, psychological support, and life skills training. The study is based on desk research of academic literature, reports from international organizations, and case studies. Findings reveal that environmental education programs enhance ecological literacy and promote sustainable behaviors, while cultural-aesthetic education fosters creativity and emotional intelligence. Psychological support and life skills training help children cope with trauma and prepare for independent living. Special attention is given to the adaptation of educational strategies to cultural and regional contexts. The article emphasizes the importance of an interdisciplinary approach and highlights the need for further research to evaluate the effectiveness of these programs.
Pre-Service Teachers’ Perceptions toward the Use of ICT: The SQD Scale
Authors: Önal Ahmet
Published: December 2024

The role of technology in the field of education continues to grow and the widespread adoption of online education in recent years has secured the importance attached to Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). In line with this, the current study aims to unveil pre-service teachers’ perceptions of how well their teacher training programs prepare them for effective ICT utilization and the level of support they receive from their teacher training programs as to effective ICT use by employing the synthesis of qualitative evidence (SQD) scale. With this aim in mind, the study adopts a convergent-parallel mixed methods design and the data have been garnered from a total of 191 pre-service English language teachers studying at 9 different teacher training programs across Türkiye. The analyses of the quantitative and qualitative data indicate that a majority of pre-service teachers think that the level of support they receive from their teacher training programs in terms of effective ICT use is not satisfactory. The perceptions of the participants that consider their teacher training programs (in)effective in terms of ICT use have also been presented within the study. Finally, several suggestions have been provided for teacher training programs with the aim of training pre-service with better and higher ICT utilization skills.
Avrupa Birliği ile Ekonomik Kalkınma ve İşbirliği Örgütü Üyesi Ülkelerdeki Sağlık Sistemi Performansının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Köse Aslı
Published: December 2024

Sağlık sistemlerinde performans ölçümünün nihai hedeflere ulaşmada düzenli performans ölçümü yapılması gereklidir. Bu araştırmanın amacı Ekonomik Kalkınma ve İşbirliği Örgütü (OECD) performans ölçüm yaklaşımı kullanılarak Avrupa Birliği (EU) ile OECD üyesi ülkelerin sağlık sistemi performansını değerlendirmektir. Veriler OECD ve Eurostat veri tabanlarından alınmıştır. Veri Zarflama Analizi ile ulaşılan etkinlik skorlarına göre sağlık sistemi performans modelindeki değişkenler arasındaki ilişki Tobit Regresyon analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde EMS ve EViews 10 programları kullanılmıştır. 2011-2019 yıllarında OECD ve AB üye ülkelerinden Yunanistan, İrlanda, Norveç, Polonya, Slovenya, İspanya, İsveç, Estonya sağlık sistemleri Veri Zarflama Analizi’ne göre performans düzeyinde etkin oldukları belirlenmiştir. Çekya, Danimarka, Almanya, Avusturya sağlık sistemleri üç ölçek türünde performans düzeyinde etkin olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Tobit regresyon analizine göre OECD sağlık sistemi performans ölçüm yaklaşımında (kişi başına düşen hekim sayısı hariç) değişkenlerden yalnızca doğumda beklenen yaşam süresinin sağlık sistemi performansında etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Utilization patterns of drugs used in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a tertiary hospital
Authors: Al Abdali Husam S. , Abdelrahman Aly M.
Published: December 2024

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease where there is a limitation of airflow that comes in and out of the lungs due to some abnormalities of the lung`s airway. COPD affects 10% of the global population and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The treatment aims to control the symptoms and achieve a good quality of life. The aim of this study is to identify the utilization patterns of different drugs used in the treatment of COPD in Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (SQUH).
Methods: This was a retrospective study that included 170 patients who received treatment for COPD. Patients’ data and drugs’ data were collected through accessing the TrackCare system at SQUH.
Results: The results show that 139 (81.8%) of patients were prescribed with muscarinic receptor antagonists followed by 131 (77.1%) patients who were prescribed with beta 2 receptor agonists. Salbutamol and tiotropium were the most specific drugs prescribed for 103 (60.6%) and 102 (60.0%) patients respectively. 24.7% of the patients received only one drug. There is evidence of a significant association between muscarinic receptor antagonist usage and gender.
Conclusion: This study shows the utilization patterns of drugs that were used in the treatment of COPD in a tertiary hospital.
Evaluation of rationality of geriatric patients prescription based on STOPP/START criteria in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Agrawal Nischal , Poluri Srimadhurmayi , Timsina Lomash , Milton Beulah
Published: December 2024

Background: The geriatric population (65 years and above) is a challenge to treat for the medical fraternity, exposing them to the risk of potentially inappropriate prescription (PIP) and thus, increasing the risk of adverse drug reactions (ADR). The over-use of drugs and irrational choice lead to the prescription of a potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) and the underuse of appropriate drugs leading to potential prescribing omission (PPO). Screening Tool of Older Persons' Potentially Inappropriate Prescriptions (STOPP) and Screening Tool to Alert doctors to the Right Treatment (START) criteria is one of the most effective tools to check the rationality of the prescribed drugs.
Methods: The study was a six-month (March 2023 to August 2023) prospective observational design. A total of 193 patients were enrolled in the study. Case report forms were used to confirm the diagnosis and medications. Geriatric patients who fulfilled the study inclusion criteria were assessed using the STOPP/START toolkit version 2.
Results: The majority of the study participants belonged to age group 65 to 70 years. Out of these 40.4% of the study participants had Potentially Inappropriate Medications based on STOPP criteria and 31.1% had Potential Prescription Omissions based on START criteria.
Conclusions: Potentially Inappropriate Prescriptions were assessed using STOPP/START criteria in version 2. A high prevalence of PIM and PPO was found. Co-morbidity and polypharmacy were linked to a higher chance of PIM. Thus, this criterion can be used to generate rational prescriptions for the elderly population.
Assessment of risk factors, comorbidities, and treatment pattern in newly diagnosed patients of diabetes in India
Authors: Mayabhate Mayur , Kapure Nitin , Sharma Akhilesh
Published: December 2024

Background: Early identification of risk factors and comorbidities is essential for optimizing treatment strategies in diabetes. The diabetes in India (DIAB India) study aims to evaluate risk factors, glycemic status, comorbidities, and initial management choices in newly diagnosed T2DM
Methods: A retrospective, observational, multicenter study was conducted with a large cohort of 19,230 patients pan India. Data was collected from patient health records and meticulously stored into a standard format. Demographic data (age, gender, weight, height, risk factors, and blood pressure), clinical presentation (family history, complications, glycemic indices, and comorbidities), and choice of management were recorded and used for analysis.
Results: Obesity and family history were most common risk factors for T2DM and were significantly correlated with its severity (p<0.001). The most common comorbidity was neuropathy (59.8%) followed by nephropathy (27%) and CV events (25%). Obese patients have higher mean hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) of 8.4%, fasting blood glucose (FBG) (160 mg/dL), and postprandial blood glucose (PPBG) (233.6 mg/dL) compared to non-obese. Both single and combination therapies led to significant improvements in HbA1c (Single: pre- 7.47, post-6.87; Combination: pre-8.26, post-7.13), FBG (Single: pre-138.94, post-118.89; Combination: pre-161.21, post-128.2), and PPBG (Single: pre-200.88, post-163.83; Combination: pre-235.10, post-177.87) levels after treatment, with combination therapy showing greater reductions across all markers (p<0.001). The improvement in glycemic control was greater in patients who followed dietary advice (p<0.001).
Conclusions: Obesity and family history were the most common risk factors contributing to diabetes in the newly diagnosed Indian patients. The comorbidities usually associated with diabetes are identified as neuropathy and cardiovascular conditions. While dietary measures are not widely used, significant improvement in glycemic status is reported using pharmacotherapy (monotherapy or combination). Choice of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments should be tailored to patient preferences, demographics, comorbidities, age, and other factors.
An overview of biosimilars
Authors: Shanmugarajan Dayanidhi
Published: December 2024

The paradigm of pharmacological therapy in diseases is shifting from conventional small molecule drugs to biological drugs produced by living systems. Biological drugs have extensively ramified into therapies of various conditions such as autoimmune disorders, haematological conditions, cancers and others. Biological drugs are currently the diamond mine of the pharmaceutical drug market. Due to the enormous market value, other pharmaceutical companies are keen in producing and marketing generic versions of these innovator (reference) biologic companies, once the patents start to expire. These generic versions of the biological drugs are called as biosimilars. However, biosimilars are not exactly generics of the originator biological drugs like in the case of conventional small molecule drugs. Various controversies and perplexities exist in their production, approval, marketing, and prescription. The reason for the mere existence of biosimilars or generics drugs for that matter is their reduced cost with preserved clinical effectiveness. Biosimilar drugs are subject to rigorous scrutiny by a thorough comparative evaluation with the reference biological product for marketing approval. It is also equally important for the physicians and pharmacists to have a sound body of knowledge about biosimilar drugs to optimally avail the benefits offered by them. This review highlights how biosimilar drugs differ from the conventional drugs, their development process, issues, and challenges associated with their use.
Comparison of effect of suctioning first or drying first on the outcome of hypothermia and respiratory distress at 6 hours of age: a hospital based prospective cohort study
Authors: Rungta Shruti , Barupel Raghunath , Vishnoi S. K. , Jora Rakesh
Published: December 2024

Background: Around 10% of newborns need assistance to start and maintain effective breathing at birth, and perinatal asphyxia contributes to 23% of the 4 million annual neonatal deaths worldwide. Skilled resuscitation in the delivery room can help prevent many of these fatalities and reduce neurodevelopmental disabilities in survivors. Objectives were to compare the effect of suctioning first or drying first on the composite outcome of hypothermia and respiratory distress at 6 hours of age in depressed newborn requiring delivery room resuscitation.
Methods: The study was an institution-based prospective cohort study, conducted in tertiary care institute. The 380 depressed newborn requiring resuscitation were included in study and those who have major congenital malformation and preterm and meconium-stained liquor were excluded. All the enrolled newborn were randomised into 2 groups, based on block randomisation done by staff nurse. Those who were in suctioning group, were resuscitated by doing suctioning first and those who were in drying group were resuscitated by doing drying first remaining steps were done as per NRP protocol, all the newborn were admitted to NICU. Temperature, respiratory distress and blood sugar at 0, 1, 6 hour of age is recorded in predesigned proforma.
Results: Both the groups were comparable in term of maternal and neonatal characteristics.  Incidence of hypothermia at admission was 26.8% for group D and 23.2% for group S (p=0.407). The 7.4% participants required intubation in group D and 4.7% in group S. Respiratory distress at admission was present in 62.1% for group D and 64.7% for group S patients (p value 0.368). At 6 hours of observation, it was seen that the presence of hypothermia in group D was 6.8% in group D and 2.6% in group S (p=0.091). During the same time period respiratory distress was present in 38.4% of group D infants and 38.8% of group S infants respectively (p=0.708).
Conclusions:  As long as the neonatal resuscitation is performed properly, any one of the two can be done as the first step of the protocol, it can be said that the order of either drying first or suctioning first in the protocol of neonatal resuscitation provide comparable results in terms of neonatal respiratory distress, hypothermia, and other adverse outcomes.
Efficiency of organized teaching programme on knowledge regarding low glycaemic index diet among the diabetes mellitus patients admitted in selected hospitals at Bellary
Authors: Rani Sigamala S. V.
Published: December 2024

Background: India leads the world with largest number of diabetic subjects earning the dubious distinction of being as “diabetic capital of world”. Diabetes is leading cause of death, disability and economic loss through the world. Prevalence of diabetes in the adults worldwide was estimated to be 4% in 1995 and is expected to be 5.4% by the year 2025.  
Methods: The study conceptual frame work based on Kings Goal attainment theory. The approach used for this study was evaluative one. Pre experimental study one group pretest and posttest design is used to collect the data. The independent variable of the study is organized teaching programme on knowledge regarding low glycaemic index diet among diabetes mellitus patients and dependent variable is knowledge on low glycaemic index diet in the management of diabetes mellitus patients the tool used to collect data was structured knowledge questionnaire. 
Results: The results of the study showed that the overall mean pretest knowledge of diabetes mellitus patients was 55.25% with the standard deviation of 2.77.  The mean knowledge gain by the diabetes mellitus patients was 73.62% with the standard deviation of 1.89. The association was determined by using Pearson chi square test.  The obtained "t" value 14.989 is greater than the table value at 0.01 level of significance. Therefore, "t" value is found to be significant. It means there is gain in knowledge level of diabetes mellitus patients. This supports that organized teaching programme on low glycaemic index diet is effective in increasing the knowledge level of diabetes mellitus patients. 
Conclusions: The present study attempted to assess effectiveness of organized teaching programme on knowledge regarding low glycaemic index diet among the diabetes mellitus patients admitted in selected hospitals at Bellary and concluded that there was a significant improvement in the knowledge after organized teaching programme. Thus, organized teaching programme is effective in improving the knowledge of the diabetes mellitus patients.
A study of hypertension and obesity in school-going children age 10-16 years
Authors: Samreen Sana , Kiran Hosgouda
Published: December 2024

Background: The rising prevalence of hypertension and obesity among the current generation of children has become a significant public health concern. This alarming trend highlights the urgent need to study the occurrence of these conditions in school-going children aged 10 to 16 years. Accurate estimates of the prevalence of pediatric hypertension and obesity, particularly in the post-COVID era, are essential for designing effective prevention and treatment strategies. The study aims to determine the occurrence of hypertension and obesity in school going children and the risk factors associated with it.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study included 402 school going children of Kalaburagi city of age group 10 -16 years. After selecting the school, informed consent from school Principal and Parents of children was obtained. A predesigned, pre tested questionnaire proforma was administered to each child to collect data (intake of fatty food, dietary pattern, duration of screen time, duration of sleep, hours of physical activity). Parameters of height, weight and blood pressure were measured and recorded. Ethical approval was obtained.
Results: The prevalence of hypertension was 2.5% and pre-hypertension was 2.5%. Prevalence of obesity was 1.7%, over weight was 5.2%.  Significant association was found between obesity and mixed type of diet (p value=0.016). It was found that obesity was significantly associated with increased risk of hypertension (p value= 0.000).  Significant association was found between hypertension and increased screen time (p value=0.001). It was observed that there is a statistically significant association between female gender and overweight (p=0.027).
Conclusions: The prevalence of hypertension in obese children was high. Hypertension was positively associated with increased screen time. Prevalence and early detection of childhood obesity and high BP should be strengthened to prevent the risk of cardiovascular diseases.