bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The inner site-perimeter of bargraphs
Authors:   The John Knopfmacher Centre for Applicable Analysis and Number Theory, School of Math- ematics, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa, Blecher Aubrey , Brennan Charlotte ,   The John Knopfmacher Centre for Applicable Analysis and Number Theory, School of Math- ematics, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa, Knopfmacher Arnold ,   The John Knopfmacher Centre for Applicable Analysis and Number Theory, School of Math- ematics, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa
Published: February 2025

Bargraphs are column convex polyominoes, where the lower edge lies on a horizontal axis. We consider the inner site-perimeter, which is the total number of cells inside the bargraph that have at least one edge in common with an outside cell and obtain the generating function that counts this statistic. From this we find the average inner perimeter and the asymptotic expression for this average as the semi-perimeter tends to infinity. We finally consider those bargraphs where the inner site-perimeter is exactly equal to the area of the bargraph.
Convolutions between Bernoulli/Euler polynomials and Pell/Lucas polynomials
Authors:   School of Mathematics and Statistics Zhoukou Normal University Zhoukou (Henan), China, Guo Dongwei , Chu Wenchang ,   Department of Mathematics and Physics University of Salento (P. O. Box 193) 73100 Lecce, Italy
Published: February 2025

Between Bernoulli/Euler polynomials and Pell/Lucas polynomials, convolution sums are evaluated in closed form via the generating function method. Several interesting identities involving Fibonacci and Lucas numbers are shown as consequences including those due to Byrd (1975) and Frontczak (2020).
Identities involving sum of divisors, integer partitions and compositions
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, DMAI, Federal University of Sergipe,, Itabaiana, Sergipe, Brazil, Alegri Mateus
Published: February 2025

In this paper we show some identities come from the \( q \)-identities of Euler, Jacobi, Gauss, and Rogers-Ramanujan. Some of these identities relate the function sum of divisors of a positive integer \( n \) and the number of integer partitions of \( n \). One of the most intriguing results found here is given by the next equation, for \( n > 0 \),
\[
\sum_{l=1}^n \frac{1}{l!} \sum_{w_1+w_2+\cdots+w_l \in C(n)} \frac{\sigma_1(w_1) \sigma_1(w_2) \cdots \sigma_1(w_l)}{w_1 w_2 \cdots w_l} = p_1(n),
\]
where \( \sigma_1(n) \) is the sum of all positive divisors of \( n \), \( p_1(n) \) is the number of integer partitions of \( n \), and \( C(n) \) is the set of integer compositions of \( n \). In the last section, we show seven applications, one of them is a series expansion for
\[
\frac{(q^{a_1};q^{b_1})_\infty (q^{a_2};q^{b_2})_\infty \cdots (q^{a_k};q^{b_k})_\infty}
{(q^{c_1};q^{d_1})_\infty (q^{c_2};q^{d_2})_\infty \cdots (q^{c_r};q^{d_r})_\infty},
\]
where \( a_1, \ldots, a_k, b_1, \ldots, b_k, c_1, \ldots, c_r, d_1, \ldots, d_r \) are positive integers, and \( |q| < 1 \).
On two conjectures due to Sun
Authors:   Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, On- tario, Canada, Campbell John M.
Published: February 2025

We prove two conjectures due to Sun concerning binomial-harmonic sums. First, we introduce a proof of a formula for Catalan’s constant that had been conjectured by Sun in 2014. Then, using a similar approach as in our first proof, we solve an open problem due to Sun involving the sequence of alternating odd harmonic numbers. Our methods, more broadly, allow us to reduce difficult binomial-harmonic sums to finite combinations of dilogarithms that are evaluable using previously known algorithms.
Notions of tensor rank
Authors:   Boston University, Boston, MA, Juvekar Mandar , Nadjimzadah Arian ,   UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
Published: February 2025

Tensors, or multi-linear forms, are important objects in a variety of areas from analytics, to combinatorics, to computational complexity theory. Notions of tensor rank aim to quantify the “complexity” of these forms, and are thus also important. While there is one single definition of rank that completely captures the complexity of matrices (and thus linear transformations), there is no definitive analog for tensors. Rather, many notions of tensor rank have been defined over the years, each with their own set of uses.

In this paper we survey the popular notions of tensor rank. We give a brief history of their introduction, motivating their existence, and discuss some of their applications in computer science. We also give proof sketches of recent results by Lovett, and Cohen and Moshkovitz, which prove asymptotic equivalence between three key notions of tensor rank over finite fields with at least three elements.
Estrategias Didácticas Digitales para el desarrollo de las Habilidades Cognitivas de los Estudiantes de Séptimo Año de Educación Básica
Authors: Flores Macías Rosa Elena , Loor Desiderio Fanny Paola , Fajardo Macas Roxana Anabel , Vallejo Gavilanes Silvia Karina , Muyulema Criollo Byron Uribe
Published: February 2025

La presente investigación tiene como propósito analizar la incidencia de las estrategias didácticas digitales en el desarrollo de las habilidades cognitivas de los estudiantes de séptimo año de educación básica de la Unidad Educativa "9 de Octubre", ubicada en el cantón Santo Domingo. Este estudio se llevó a cabo mediante la aplicación de encuestas a docentes y estudiantes, así como la observación directa de las actividades realizadas en el aula, permitiendo identificar la limitada integración de herramientas digitales que promuevan un aprendizaje interactivo y significativo. Además, se realizó un análisis de los recursos tecnológicos disponibles en la institución y su nivel de uso pedagógico, con el fin de evaluar el impacto de estas herramientas en el desarrollo de habilidades como el pensamiento crítico, la resolución de problemas y la creatividad. Este proyecto es de gran relevancia, ya que busca fortalecer los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje mediante la implementación de estrategias didácticas innovadoras que potencien las capacidades cognitivas de los estudiantes, preparándolos para enfrentar los retos del siglo XXI. Los resultados de esta investigación permitirán establecer recomendaciones que beneficien tanto a los docentes como a los estudiantes, promoviendo un desarrollo académico integral y un aprendizaje sostenible en el tiempo.
The Interpersonal Communication Process
Authors: Amelia Amelia , Sembiring Ari Wibowo , Azzahra Nindya , Tanjung Laila Ali , Aswaruddin Aswaruddin
Published: February 2025

Interpersonal communication is a scientific discipline that examines how individuals exchange messages, thoughts, and emotions, facilitating relationships and mutual understanding. This journal article explores how the interpersonal communication process works, with the research method being a literature review, collecting information from scientific journals, books, and credible online sources. The findings contribute to the development of new communication models, particularly in urban societies where diverse cultures and social norms complicate interactions. The study’s practical implications highlight the importance of improving social relationships by understanding the dynamics of communication, including how to adapt to modern challenges such as technology and multiculturalism. By providing insights into effective communication strategies, this research aims to enhance personal and professional interactions, conflict resolution, and community cohesion in the contemporary world.
Isyysloma vai rakastajatar?
Authors: Turunen Arja
Published: February 2025

Sukupuolten tasa-arvoa koskeva keskustelu on Suomessa yleensä tarkoittanut naisten aseman käsittelyä. Tässä artikkelissa osoitan, että suomalaisissa aikakauslehdissä 1960-luvulla käyty niin sanottu roolikeskustelu sisälsi runsaasti puheenvuoroja myös miesten kohtaamista tasa-arvon ongelmista. Osoitan myös, että miehet osallistuivat tähän keskusteluun aktiivisesti. Mieskysymystä nosti esiin Yhdistys 9, joka huomautti sukupuolten tasa-arvon edistämisen edellyttävän kummankin sukupuolen roolin radikaalia uudistamista. Artikkelissa tutkituista lehdistä Me Naiset ajoi aktiivisesti Yhdistys 9:n tavoitteita vaatimalla miesten vapauttamista perinteisestä sukupuoliroolista. Uusi Maailma taas asemoi itsensä roolikeskustelun ja Yhdistys 9:n kriitikoksi väittämällä, että ne sivuuttivat miesten ongelmat. Uusi Maailmakin sisälsi runsaasti puheenvuoroja erityisesti isän roolin uudistamisen puolesta. Yhdistyksen ja tutkittujen lehtien näkökulmasta miehen ongelmat tiivistyivät perheenelättäjän roolin raskauteen.
Sukupuoleen paikantuva tieto liikenneaktivismissa
Authors: Männistö-Funk Tiina
Published: February 2025

Sukupuoli- ja tasa-arvokysymykset pääsevät harvoin esiin liikennettä koskevassa keskustelussa tai tutkimuksessa. Tässä artikkelissa selvitetään sukupuolen roolia suomalaisen liikennepolitiikan historiassa kahden aktivistitoimijan kautta. Tarkastelen yhtäältä Liikennepoliittinen yhdistys Enemmistö ry:n ja toisaalta hidaskatupioneeri Anneli Alasen toimintaa tiedontuotannon ja tiedon paikantuneisuuden näkökulmista. Enemmistö ry käytti sukupuolen tarkastelua
yhtenä keinona ilmaista liikennepolitiikan ja -suunnittelun ongelmallisuutta, mutta sukupuolikysymys jäi yhdistyksen toiminnassa taka-alalle. Anneli Alasella puolestaan sukupuolittuneet kokemukset liikenteestä ja liikennepolitiikasta muodostivat keskeisen keinon haastaa vallalla olevaa liikennetietoa ja määritellä liikennettä käsitteellisesti uudella tavalla. Tarkastelun perusteella sukupuoli ja siihen risteävät kategoriat näyttäytyvät radikaaleina mutta vähälle käytölle jääneinä valtarakenteiden valottajina, paitsi 1960–1990-lukujen liikennepolitiikassa, myös tämän päivän liikennekeskustelussa.
Digital Storytelling to Enhance Speaking Skills in adults aged 30 to 40
Authors: Sánchez Crespo Andrea Carolina , Ponce Cordero Roberto
Published: February 2025

The study explores the use of Digital Storytelling (DST) as a method to enhance speaking skills among adult English language learners aged 30 to 40. Adults often face challenges during the process of developing and reinforcing their oral communication skills, such as frustration, language anxiety, and lack of motivation. DST provides an innovative and engaging alternative to traditional language learning methods. The research adopts a qualitative approach, using structured interviews with professionals from various fields in Ecuador, to gather insights into their experiences and perceptions of DST. Thematic analysis is applied to identify key concepts related to the effectiveness of DST in fostering fluency, confidence, and clarity in communication. The findings suggest that DST improves specific aspects of speaking skills, such as pronunciation and coherence, and enhances overall engagement and motivation. By documenting participants' experiences, the research contributes to a deeper understanding of how DST can be used as a pedagogical tool to support adult language learning in diverse professional contexts.
Use of Graphic Organizer to Improve Reading Comprehesion
Authors: Rodríguez Hermenegildo Evelyn Germania , Garcia Villao Rosa Tatiana
Published: February 2025

This study evaluates the effectiveness of graphic organizers as a tool to improve reading comprehension in ninth grade students. A diagnostic test was conducted to identify students' reading comprehension skills. Graphic organizers were applied in classes. A diagnostic test was applied with the use of graphic organizers to measure the impact on students and how they improved their reading comprehension. In addition, interviews were conducted with teachers to get their point of view. The results showed that the use of graphic organizers had a positive impact on the reading comprehension of ninth-grade students. Specifically, students were better able to identify and summarize key information in a text. The graphic organizers helped students focus on the most relevant details to get the essential information. Students increased their ability to comprehend, follow basic instructions, summarize ideas, and identify the main information. Different types of graphic organizers were used but the preferred ones were organizational, synoptic, and flow. This study suggests that graphic organizers are an effective tool to improve reading comprehension in ninth-grade students and that using the organizer according to the type of reading and content promotes students to acquire the ability to read in an organized and captivating way.
The Role of the Tumor Microenvironment in Tumor Progression and Response to Therapy
Authors: Salim Rafal , AL-Jewari Watheq Mohammed ,   University of Baghdad, College of Science for Women, Department of Chemistry, Baghdad, Iraq,   Department of Pharmacy, Al Rafidain University College, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: February 2025

The tumor microenvironment (TME) has emerged as a significant focus in cancer therapy due to its pivotal role in controlling tumor progression and shaping responses to conventional treatments. This review explores recent innovations in therapies targeting TME, including immunotherapies, antiangiogenic agents, and treatments aimed at cancer-associated fibroblasts and the extracellular matrix. These interventions, which are either approved for clinical use or undergoing clinical trials, underscore TME's influence on cancer treatment outcomes and patient survival. The identification of effective therapeutic strategies to target TME is imperative for mitigating immunosuppression, reactivating T cell functions, and enhancing immune system efficacy. Notwithstanding significant advancements, key gaps persist in comprehending the intricate interactions within TME and translating experimental findings into clinical success. Future research should prioritize elucidating these gaps to enhance therapeutic efficacy and patient outcomes.
Archbishop Mečislovas Reinys: his Letters from the Vladimir Prison
Authors: Vasiliauskienė Aldona
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to the last period of Archbishop Reinys’ life (1947–1953), when he was arrested by the Soviet security on 12 June 1947, interrogated for half a year, held in the basement of the Vilnius KGB, sentenced to 8 years, and in the beginning of 1948 transported by a special convoy to the Vladimir prison. The Soviet prisons did not break the great spirit of this man. Here, too, he remained faithful to the ideals he preached, spreading the love of God by his example, caring for his cellmates, and loved ones in freedom. His letters are a testimony to this.
Optimalisasi Penggunaan Media Interaktif untuk Meningkatkan Perkembangan Kognitif Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Fatrikah Fatrikah , Nuryani Retno Dwi , Lukytasari Indri
Published: February 2025

Perkembangan kognitif anak usia dini (AUD) merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam pendidikan anak usia dini. Penggunaan media interaktif telah terbukti memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan dalam merangsang perkembangan kognitif anak melalui pembelajaran yang lebih atraktif, partisipatif, dan imersif. Kajian literatur ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis berbagai penelitian yang telah dilakukan terkait pengaruh media interaktif terhadap perkembangan kognitif anak usia dini. Dengan menggabungkan hasil penelitian dari berbagai sumber, artikel ini mengidentifikasi strategi optimal dalam penggunaan media interaktif untuk mendukung perkembangan kognitif anak usia dini, serta tantangan yang dihadapi dalam implementasinya. Artikel ini juga mengeksplorasi peran guru dan orang tua dalam memfasilitasi penggunaan media interaktif secara efektif di lingkungan pembelajaran formal dan informal.
Reformasi Tata Negara dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Perlindungan Hak - hak Kewarganegaraan di Indonesia
Authors: Ahmad Muhamad Mustain Nasoha  , Ashfiya Nur Atqiya  , Zhelika Wahyu Wardhani  , Jovita Dwi Kusumastuti  , M. Adil Hakim Al Hadi
Published: February 2025

Indonesia's constitutional reform since 1998 has brought significant changes to the governance system, legal framework, and the protection of civil rights. This study analyzes the impact of the reform on civil rights protection, focusing on the legal and policy dynamics in the post-reform period. Key changes include the amendments to the 1945 Constitution, decentralization of power, and the strengthening of state institutions such as the Constitutional Court. While the legal framework for human rights has been reinforced, challenges persist, including the harmonization of regional and national regulations and corruption, which undermines public access to basic rights such as healthcare, education, and justice. Decentralization often produces discriminatory policies against religious, ethnic, and sexual minorities, while past human rights violations and identity politics exacerbate social tensions. This study employs a normative method with historical and juridical approaches. To enhance civil rights protection, improved oversight of regional regulations, the abolition of discriminatory policies, anti-corruption measures, and transitional justice mechanisms for addressing past human rights violations are essential. Strengthening civil society and judicial reform are also critical steps toward achieving more effective and equitable civil rights protection.
Kegagalan dan Keberhasilan Pasca Proses Pemekaran Daerah Provinsi Kepulauan Riau
Authors: Syaihidina Hefir  , Indah Utami  , Muhammad Nursyawal  , Muhammad Aidil Zulfa  , Arya Pramudia
Published: February 2025

Regional expansion in Indonesia, especially in the Riau Islands, is a strategic effort to improve public services and the quality of life. Riau Islands, is a strategic effort to improve public services and accelerate post-1998 reform development. Accelerate post-reform development in 1998. Although it is expected to bring government closer to the people and improve welfare through decentralization through decentralization, the reality is that around 78% of the resulting regions failed to achieve their desired goals. Have failed to achieve their desired goals. This failure caused by various factors, including administrative unpreparedness, high fiscal dependency, political conflicts of interest, and lack of community participation. Community participation. However, this article also highlights examples of successes that show that with local government commitment and commitment of local governments and community support, some regions have been able to improve the quality of public services and optimize their and optimally utilize the potential of natural resources. Factors that influencing this success involve local government commitment, natural resource management, community support, infrastructure availability, and central government policies. This article aims to explore factors contributing to the failure and success of post-regional expansion in the Riau Islands and its impact on society and regional development. With a deeper understanding of this issue, it is hoped that more effective policies can be formulated more effective policies in the management of new autonomous regions to face future development challenges. To face future development challenges.
Biomechanical optimization of RGB LED systems: Temperature prediction model and optical compensation algorithm based on built-in constant current source chip
Authors: Tao Liangjie , Liu Miao
Published: February 2025

In the realm of modern applications, especially those related to human - involved scenarios such as vehicles and medical or wearable devices, the performance of RGB LED lights is of great significance. Beyond the traditional concerns of electronic - optical properties, the integration of biomechanics - related factors can bring new perspectives and optimizations. In vehicles, during prolonged illumination, the color shifts of various LED lights not only affect driving comfort but also have potential implications for driving safety from a biomechanical perspective. The human body’s visual and psychological responses to these color and luminance changes are complex. For example, sudden or inconsistent color changes can cause visual fatigue and distraction, which may impact a driver’s reaction time and decision - making ability, all of which are related to biomechanical aspects of human - machine interaction. Each LED shows deviations in wavelength and luminous intensity, and the light decay of RGB chips is inconsistent. To address these issues and ensure consistent color and luminance of all RGB ambient lights during use, this paper proposes a temperature prediction model (PT - model) based on constant current source output PWM. This model takes into account the impact of temperature changes on the color coordinates and luminous flux of LED lights. Moreover, considering the potential applications in medical and wearable devices, the model’s performance becomes even more crucial. In medical light - based treatment devices, the precise control of RGB LED temperature and light output is essential for ensuring the effectiveness of treatment while minimizing potential harm to human tissues. Biomechanics research can provide insights into how different tissues respond to light - induced heat and mechanical stress. Similarly, in wearable devices for health monitoring, the stability of RGB LED performance is related to the comfort and accuracy of the device’s operation on the human body. Experimental results show that compared to traditional models, the prediction accuracy of this model is significantly improved, with errors reduced to within 4.3%. The model’s effectiveness is verified under different ambient temperatures ranging from −40 ℃ to 120 ℃, which is crucial for ensuring its reliability in various real - world applications, especially those related to human - centered scenarios influenced by biomechanical factors.
Hvordan kan vi modvirke forskningsspild?
Authors: Aagaard Hanne , Borglin Gunilla , Olsson Cecilia , Roth Gjevjon Edith , Eriksen Siren
Published: February 2025

Introduktion
Sygepleje er et komplekst fag, og sygeplejersker arbejder i komplekse organisationer. Man kan sige, at sygeplejepraksis er en kompleks intervention i sig selv (1), der kræver opdateret viden og kompetence. Der er derfor behov for forskning, der understøtter øget implementering af viden i praksis, der kan håndtere sundhedsvæsenets komplekse virkelighed.

I en banebrydende artikel hævdede lægerne og forskerne Chalmers og Glasziou i 2009 (2), at 85 % af al medicinsk forskning var spildt, og i 2018 gentog de, at det meste forskning ikke gavner patienterne (3). Flere fremtrædende forskere inden for sygepleje har slået til lyd for, at det meste af sygeplejeforskningen også er spildt (1, 4, 5).

I denne artikel vil vi præsentere nogle strategier for bæredygtig forskning, der efter vores mening vil modvirke forskningsspild.
Et nummer i rækken - Et kvalitativt projekt omhandlende oplevelser og behov for sygeplejefaglig støtte hos par i fertilitetsbehandling
Authors: Bærnholdt Eriksen Anna Emilie , Kammer Pedersen Sigrid , Siercke Maj
Published: February 2025

Resumé
Baggrund
WHO definerer infertilitet som en sygdom. I 2021 blev 10% af danske børn født som følge af fertilitetsbehandling. Behandlingen er forbundet med flere psykosociale konsekvenser. Blandt dem, der gennemgår fertilitetsbehandling, er 90% heteroseksuelle par.
Formål
At undersøge, hvordan sygeplejersker kan støtte og dermed imødekomme behov hos heteroseksuelle par i fertilitetsbehandling i det offentlige sundhedsvæsen, set fra et patientperspektiv
Metode
Da der fandtes sparsom litteratur på området, blev den induktive tilgang valgt med udførelse af seks kvalitative semistrukturerede interviews med tre heteroseksuelle par, analyseret gennem tematisk analyse
Resultater
Der blev identificeret fem temaer, som afspejler individuelle oplevelser og behov hos parrene. Tendenser, hvor især følelsen af at være et nummer i rækken, at sygeplejersken ikke er orienteret i journal og ikke at blive set som det hele menneske dannede redundans interviewene imellem
Konklusion
På baggrund af resultaterne fandtes, at parrene ønskede sygeplejefaglig støtte i deres behandling. Sygeplejerskens støtte findes i at have fokus på det psykiske aspekt, spørge ind til parret og at være orienteret i patientjournalen, herunder at have kendskab til sygdomshistorik, forløb samt parrets navne. I projektets empiri fandtes yderligere et behov for, at parret som helhed anerkendtes i behandlingen, da kvinden ofte oplevede sig alene og manden oplevede sig negligeret. Disse behov blev understøttet som almengyldige af forskning i diskussionen.
Compression after Device Implantation: Results from a Quasi-experimental CADI-Study
Authors: Fuglsbjerg Cecilie , Thornvig Philbert Berit , Thygesen Lau Caspar , Vinther Michael , Risum Niels , Westh Christiansen Signe , Stelling Risom Signe
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Aim
To investigate whether a compressive dressing after pacemaker or implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) implantation and replacement applied for three hours can prevent bleeding, hematomas and pain.
Method
The study was a quasi-experimental interventional study including patients scheduled for implantation or replacement of a pacemaker or an ICD. In alternating months patients either received a compressive dressing (intervention group) or no compressive dressing (control group). Patients were followed at the catheterization lab, for three hours on the ward and until the first outpatient control visit (after 1-3 months). Outcomes was: Bleeding graded as bleeding, oozing or pocket-hematomas. Hematomas were measured by degrees and size. Pain was rated in a numerical rank scale (NRS).
Results
A total of 242 elective patients were included (intervention group n=114, control group n=128). The intervention group did not show any significant difference in development of pocket-hematomas compared to the control (p=0.24). Pain score was low in both groups (intervention NRS=1.41 vs. control NRS 1.32). Furthermore, no significant difference in pocket hematomas at follow-up were observed (p=0.77).
Conclusion
Using a compressive dressing did not significantly reduce bleeding or pocket hematomas after pacemaker or ICD implantation or replacement. Furthermore, no significant difference related to pain was observed. This study shows that patients who are not considered to be at elevated risk for bleeding or pocket-hematomas do not seem to benefit from a compressive dressing.
Keywords
Pacemaker, Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator, Prophylactic compression bandaging, Pocket-hematoma, Device, Compression tool.
Dampak Perubahan Iklim terhadap Virus Timun dan Pengelolaannya
Authors: Dorthi Ester Junita Daeli  , Intan Novibriani Zendrato  , Fidar Kristiana Zai
Published: February 2025

The agriculture sector is facing unprecedented challenges as a result of climate change. As temperatures continue to rise and weather patterns change, the dynamics of plant-virus interactions change significantly, requiring innovative solutions to ensure global food security. This review article examines the relationship between climate change and the prevalence and severity of cucumber virus diseases, their impact on cucumber yield and quality, and subsequent economic implications, with a focus on the critical pathogen cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). The method in this journal article uses library research, which is a method with data collection by understanding and studying theories from various literatures related to the research. The results showed that as climate change increases, it is imperative to investigate its impact on cucumber virus management, specifically how increasing temperatures and changing rainfall patterns may affect virus epidemiology and disease resistance mechanisms. In addition, exploring integrated pest management strategies that combine traditional breeding with modern biotechnology advances is essential. The application of RNA-based technologies presents a promising avenue for effective virus control, potentially reducing the economic burden on cucumber farmers.
Exploring Governance Satisfaction Among Rural Barangay Leaders in the City of Calamba, Philippines
Authors: Aguilar III Exequiel
Published: February 2025

This study investigated the quality of governance among rural barangay chairmen and its impact on constituents’ satisfaction in the City of Calamba. It aimed to evaluate how well principles of good governance—such as accountability, transparency, responsiveness, fairness, legitimacy, effectiveness, and participation—are practiced. This study aimed to address these gaps by examining the qualities of leadership and governance practices at the barangay level. By identifying the strengths and weaknesses of barangay leadership in promoting good governance, this study contributed to the broader discussion on local governance and its significance in national development. A causal research design was employed, using a self-administered questionnaire to gather data from 17 barangay chairmen and 340 constituents, totaling 357 respondents. Findings indicated that good governance was rated as "Extremely Manifested" across all measured dimensions, with high satisfaction levels among constituents regarding policy implementation, fund disbursement, and barangay operations. However, even though the findings indicate that transparency and responsiveness are manifested, these principles do not significantly influence constituents' satisfaction with good governance in rural barangays of Calamba City. On the other hand, a significant positive relationship was found between the level of good governance practices and constituents’ satisfaction. Governance in rural barangays of Calamba City shows a strong commitment to budget accountability, with a need to strengthen adherence to treasury regulations for comprehensive governance excellence. These findings highlight the effectiveness of current governance practices and suggest areas for continued focus to overcome governance challenges and promote sustainable development. The results revealed that there was a significant relationship between the levels of manifestation and constituents’ satisfaction.
MARKETING DE RELACIONAMENTO E A SATISFAÇÃO DOS ASSOCIADOS DE UMA COOPERATIVA DE CRÉDITO DA REGIÃO VALE DO CAPARAÓ - MG
Authors: Castro Renan de Oliveira , Pereira Denis dos Santos Santiago
Published: February 2025

Este trabalho busca analisar a eficácia do marketing de relacionamento na satisfação dos associados de uma cooperativa de crédito situada na região Vale do Caparaó, em Minas Gerais. Compreendendo que o marketing de relacionamento é uma estratégia essencial para a fidelização dos clientes, o estudo propõe investigar as práticas adotadas pela cooperativa, bem como seus impactos na percepção de valor pelos associados. A investigação fundamenta-se em uma abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa, utilizando um questionário estruturado como ferramenta de coleta de dados. Este questionário foi elaborado para capturar tanto opiniões quanto hábitos dos associados, possibilitando uma análise abrangente da situação. Os principais temas abordados incluem a criação de vínculos, direcionamento das campanhas e ferramentas para a gestão da carteira de clientes. Os resultados preliminares indicam que: o direcionamento das campanhas é o aspecto mais relevante para os cooperados, seguido pela criação de vínculos e pelas ferramentas utilizadas para administração da carteira. Este estudo não apenas proporciona uma compreensão profunda das necessidades e expectativas dos associados, como também contribui para a formulação de estratégias mais eficazes por parte da cooperativa, visando aumentar a satisfação e a lealdade dos clientes. Por fim, a relevância deste estudo se destaca na sua capacidade de gerar insights que podem ser aplicados na prática, resultando em melhorias significativas nas relações entre a cooperativa e seus associados, além de contribuir para um crescimento sustentável da instituição no competitivo cenário financeiro atual.
Company Financial Report Analysis
Authors: Sinurat Mangasi
Published: February 2025

This article aims to analyze the financial ratios of PT Pakuwon Jati Tbk during the 2023 period in order to evaluate the company's financial performance. The financial ratios used include liquidity, solvency, profitability, activity, market and dividend policy ratios. The results of the analysis show that PT Pakuwon Jati Tbk has a stable level of liquidity, the company's solvency shows low dependence on debt, In terms of profitability, PWON shows efficiency in cost management and the ability to generate competitive profits. However, there are variations in asset management efficiency; the company needs to improve inventory management, although receivables collection is carried out well. From a market perspective, the company shows attractive profits for investors, Finally, a conservative dividend policy reflects the company's strategy to retain most of the profits for reinvestment in expansion projects.
Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada PT. Sumber Rezeki Bersama Melalui Semangat Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Huatauruk Rapat Piter Sony , Zalukhu Rika Surianto
Published: February 2025

This study aims to examine the effect of the work environment on employee performance through work morale as an intervening variable. The research employs a quantitative method and was conducted on 43 marketing employees of PT. Sumber Rezeki Bersama. The sampling technique used was saturated sampling. Primary data were collected using questionnaires, and respondents' perceptions were measured using a Likert scale. Data analysis was performed using the path analysis method. The results indicate that the work environment has a positive and significant effect on work morale at PT. Sumber Rezeki Bersama. However, the work environment has a negative and insignificant effect on employee performance. Furthermore, work morale has a positive and significant effect on employee performance and mediates the relationship between the work environment and employee performance at PT. Sumber Rezeki Bersama. The direct implication of this study is that the management of PT. Sumber Rezeki Bersama should create a conducive work environment to enhance work morale, as work morale has been proven to mediate the effect of the work environment on employee performance.
Peran Pembiayaan Hijau (Green Financing) dalam Mendorong Green Economy di Sektor Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah di Sumatera Utara dengan Produk Ramah Lingkungan Sebagai Variabel Mediasi
Authors: Harahap Hastuti Handayani , Rajagukguk Frederick Rudy Sentosa , Arifin Indra Welly
Published: February 2025

This research is about the role of green financing in encouraging the green economy in the micro, small and medium business sector in North Sumatra with environmentally friendly products as a mediating variable. This research design uses a quantitative approach which aims to measure and test the relationship between variables statistically. Data collection was carried out through a questionnaire designed to obtain information about the use of green financing, production of environmentally friendly products, and implementation of green economic practices by MSMEs. Quantitative research method with a PLS-SEM approach to analyze the relationship between green financing and the green economy with environmentally friendly products as a mediating variable. The research results of the first hypothesis are accepted that Green Financing (X) has an effect on the Green Economy (Y). The second hypothesis is accepted that Green Financing (X) influences Environmentally Friendly Products (Z). The third hypothesis is accepted that Environmentally Friendly Products (Z) influence the Green Economy (Y). The fourth hypothesis is accepted that Green Financing (X) has a significant effect on the Green Economy (Y) through Environmentally Friendly Products (Z) as an intervening variable.
Pengaruh Serikat Pekerja dan Hubungan Industrial Terhadap Kesejahteraan Karyawan di PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III Kebun Rambutan
Authors: Jayanti Suci Etri , Damanik Sri Winda Hardiyanti , Damanik Ayu Zurlaini , Saragih Sri Wulan Dari
Published: February 2025

This research aims to determine the influence of labor unions and industrial relations on employee welfare at PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III Rambutan Garden. The research method used is a quantitative method using SPSS version 25.00 which was collected from the results of distributing questionnaires to employees at PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III Kebun Rambutan afdeling I and II as many as 66 people. The analytical method used in this research is using instrument tests, namely validity and reliability tests. Classic assumption tests, namely normality test, multicollinearity test, heteroscedasticity test, multiple linear regression analysis, analysis of the coefficient of determination (R2), hypothesis tests, namely T test and F test. The results of SPSS in this research are that trade union variables influence employee welfare, relationships Industry influences employee welfare, trade unions and industrial relations simultaneously influence employee welfare.
Assessment of School health programs using oral health integrated health promoting school framework in Bengaluru (Southern India) - a cross-sectional compliance study
Authors: Sagarkar Dr. Anitha R. , K Dr. Pushpanjali , Gadicherla Dr. Suman , Krishnappa Dr. Lalitha
Published: February 2025

Schools play a crucial role in promoting health, reaching more than one billion children worldwide and providing an ideal setting for establishing lasting health habits (1). School-age is fundamental for developing knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to general and oral health, making schools vital for targeted health initiatives (2,3). Given that children typically spend 6–7 hours daily in school, health interventions aimed at this demographic have the potential to substantially enhance not only their own well-being but also that of their families and the wider community (4, 5).
Gamification in assessing English speaking skills among elementary students at a Private School in Loja city
Authors: González Molina Angie Mercedes , Vivanco Loaiza Jhimi Bolter
Published: February 2025

In the present work, research was carried out on the effectiveness of gamification techniques for assessing speaking skills in the English language in a particular school in the city of Loja, Ecuador. First, an introduction is made about the purpose of the work and a detailed explanation about gamification and its advantages, then both the materials and the methodology used are explained, then the results obtained and their treatment using statistical techniques are analyzed. Once the results were obtained, the respective discussion about their content was carried out so that, based on this, conclusions could be drawn in accordance with said analyses. At the end of the discussion, the respective conclusions are drawn in which the gamification method has indeed been effective.
Corrélation Anatomo-Clinique au cours des Néphropathies Glomérulaires
Authors: NAJI Jamal Eddine , RAFIK Hicham , ELFAROUKI Mohamed Reda , ELABOUDY Imane , HASSANI Mohamed
Published: February 2025

Introduction:
La biopsie rénale (BR) est un outil diagnostique indispensable aux cliniciens. Elle
permet de classifier les néphropathies, de dicter une attitude thérapeutique
adaptée aux lésions histologiques et d’apprécier le pronostic de la maladie.
Description:
Étude monocentrique transversale rétrospective réalisée sur une période de 5 ans
de janvier 2018 à décembre 2022 portant sur les malades atteints de
néphropathies glomérulaires.
Méthodes:
Seuls les patients ayant bénéficié d’une BR pour un syndrome de néphropathie
glomérulaire sont inclus. L’objectif de ce travail est de décrire les caractéristiques
cliniques, biologiques et histologiques afin d’étudier la corrélation anatomo-clinique.
Résultats obtenus ou attendus:
94 patients sont colligés. L’âge moyen est de 47 ± 16 ans. Le sexe ratio H/F est
de 1,25. Les indications de la BR sont: le syndrome néphrotique (SN) (50%),
l’insuffisance rénale (IR) (36,1%), le syndrome de glomérulonéphrite rapidement
progressive (GNRP) (3,1%). Les glomérulopathies sont primitives chez (67%) des
patients: La lésion glomérulaire minime (LGM) (23,4%),la glomérulonéphrite
chronique (GNC) (13,8%), la glomérulonéphrite extra-membraneuse (GEM) (11,7%),
la glomérulonéphrite post-infectieuse (GNAPI) (7,4%), la hyalinose segmentaire et
focale (HSF) (5,3%), la néphropathie à IgA (4,2%), et la glomérulonéphrite à C3
(1%). Les glomérulopathies secondaires sont dominées par la glomérulosclérose
diabétique (GSD) (14,8%). La LGM est la néphropathie la plus retrouvée chez les
patients présentant un syndrome néphrotique (15,9%), suivie par la GEM (9,5%),
la GSD (7,4%) et la HSF (6,3%). En cas d’IR ou de GNRP, c’est la GNC qui vient au
premier rang (14,8%), suivie de la GSD (8,5%), de la GNAPI (3,1%), et de la
vascularite (3,1%). La LGM se présente principalement par un SN (73,9%). La GSD
se manifeste également par un SN (50%), suivi de l’IR (35,7%) et de la GNRP
(14,2%).
Conclusion:
La caractérisation clinico-biologique permet d’identifier la néphropathie la plus
probable afin de guider la conduite thérapeutique en attendant les résultats de la
BR. Cette dernière reste toutefois le gold standard dans le diagnostic des
pathologies rénales.
Collaboration and lifecycle management across domains and applications in a federated environment
Authors: Wachtel Charly
Published: February 2025

We integrate data, applications, processes and information for optimum, cross-domain collaboration between engineers. We unify technologies and APIs from PLM and Engineering Design Tool vendors in one platform. We productize integration between engineering tools, PLM and business applications. XPLM has built up an extensive partner community over many years. We maintain OEM, technology and solution partnerships with the top providers in the PLM market. We work very closely with partners and develop future integration concepts together with them. That is how we develop industry leading integrations for the long term.Link vs. Sync: Less replication of product data. Data stays in federated applications.Link what you need: Manage cross application links that are relevant for your job and the job of colleagues involved in the project.Access securely: Explore and edit data in the federated application through system login via API and fully controlled (security, state of life and access rights).
Liquisolid Technology: A Novel Approach for Enhancing Dissolution and Bioavailability
Authors: Khan Imran
Published: February 2025

The main aim of this method is to enhance the dissolution rate and bioavailability of BCS-II class drugs. The limited solubility of drugs is a challenging issue for industry during the development of the ideal solid dosage form unit. Liquisolid technique is a novel and promising technique to overcome this consequence. This technique is based upon the dissolving the insoluble drug in the non-volatile solvent and admixture of drug loaded solutions with appropriate career and coating materials to convert into acceptably flowing and compressible powders.
Scientific Review of Os Sepia (Jhaag-e-Darya/Samudra Phena) with Respect to Indian Medicine and its Characterization on Physicochemical Parameters
Authors: Siddiquee M R A
Published: February 2025

Cuttlebone also called Os sepia had drawn considerable attention of researchers now a day as an important marine product due to its pharmacological and non-pharmacological uses. However it had been long used in traditional system of medicine in India and China due to its various pharmacological effects. The work was carried out to firstly, update the knowledge on cuttlebone as a drug including its structure, identification, pharmacological effects and medicinal uses. The second part of paper includes original research work on characterization of this drug on physiochemical laboratory parameters.
Pharmacological Evaluations (Analgesic Activity) of ‘Piper Betel’
Authors: Kambham Venkateswarlu
Published: February 2025

The aim of present study is to evaluate the analgesic activity of the piper betel leaf. Analgesic activity was proven using eddy’s hot plate and heat conduction method. It is strong enough to its activity with dose response action is very much satisfied with the response with respect to the dose 100mg. Acute toxicity studies showedaqueous extract of Piper Betel Leaf was safe up to the dose of 1000 mg/kg (p.o.) body weight was proven.
Is Fast Dissolving Tablets Satisfy Its Role: A Brief Discussion
Authors: Singh Soumya
Published: February 2025

It is very well known fact that a drug can be administered through many different routes so as to produce a systemic pharmacological effect. The route of administration is considered as the path by which a drug is taken into the body for the treatment of various diseases and disorders. The main route of administrating a drug is the oral route which is the oldest and most commonly used because of its ease of administration, self-medication and avoidance of pain as compared to parental route. Oral drug delivery remains the preferred route of drug delivery. Despite of the tremendous advancement in oral route some of the people find difficultly in swallowing tablet and other oral dosage form, so in order to troubleshoot all these problem associated with oral route, fast dissolving drug delivery systems (FDDS) were first came into existence in 1970 as an alternative to tablets, syrups and capsules, for pediatric and geriatric patients which rapidly disintegrate and dissolve in saliva and then easily swallowed without need of water which is a major benefit over conventional dosage form. Novel technologies with improved performance, patient compliance, and enhanced quality had emerged in the recent past. The fast dissolving drug delivery system started gaining popularity and the acceptance as a new drug delivery system because they are easy to administer and lead to better patient compliance. Fast dissolving drug delivery system can be obtained by the various techniques i.e. direct compression, tablet molding, freeze drying, and spray drying nanonization. Oral fast-dissolving tablets, are an examples of a few existing technologies which having the potential to accommodate various physicochemical, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of drugs. Since emergence it captures the major portion of tablets and capsules from the market, thus it satisfies the role over Conventional Dosage forms
Weight and breast cancer
Authors: Boulin Tiphaine , Moody Hannah
Published: February 2025

Excess weight can influence quality of life and impair health by leading to an increased risk of diseases such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease and certain cancers. With breast cancer, the risk association between excess weight is dependent on menopausal status for women; weight increases the risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women but there is no evidence that being overweight when pre-menopausal is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. Being overweight or obese is also a risk factor for breast cancer in men. Three main mechanisms have been proposed to explain the association between weight and breast cancer, including insulin resistance, chronic low-grade inflammation, and sex hormone bioavailability.
Right of reply - Response to: In defence of South Africa’s National Health Research Ethics Council guidelines on heritable human genome editing
Authors: Ramsay M , Pepper M S , De Vries J , Mahomed S , Flack-Davison E
Published: February 2025

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