bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlation Between Personal Hygiene And Hemoglobin Levels On Typhoid Fever Suspect Patients At Lirboyo General Hospital
Authors: Farodis Indana , Purnadianti Mely
Published: September 2021

Personal Hygiene is an effort made by individuals in maintaining personal hygiene to avoid disease. Personal Hygiene is closely related to typhoid fever, because its transmission can be through food and drinks which are contaminated with Salmonella typhi. WHO and UNICEF ​​on 2015 ranked Indonesia as the second worst sanitation country in the world after India. One of the laboratory tests which is used to observe anemia levels and polycythaemia is hemoglobin degree. The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation between personal hygiene and hemoglobin levels on typhoid fever suspect  patients at Lirboyo General Hospital. The research method used analytic survey with Cross Sectional Study approach and purposive sampling used as the sampling technique with 38 respondents. The results of the study mostly have worst personal hygiene quality of 31 people (81.6%) while respondents have good personal hygiene quality of 7 people (18.4%) and the of hemoglobin category on patients stated normal in 29 people (76.3%) while patients who have abnormal hemoglobin category in 9 people (23.7%). Based on statistical tests on personal hygiene by hemoglobin showed 0.876 p-value and > 0.05 sig value Conclusion which indicated no correlation between personal hygiene and hemoglobin on typhoid fever suspect at Lirboyo General Hospital.
In-Vitro Sunscreen Activity of White Turi Leaf Acetone (Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers.) Extract
Authors: Siroj Muhammad Said Agil , Rohmah Jamilatur
Published: September 2021

Sunscreens are cosmetic preparations that protect the skin from exposure to UV radiation resulting in erythema , skin burning , aging and skin cancer. Leaf of Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers. contain phenolic compounds such as tannins and flavonoids which act as photoprotective . This research method is experimental with quantitative descriptive analysis. The purpose of research is to know the value of SPF, transmission erythema (% Te) and pigmentation (% Tp) of acetone extracts of Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers. using Spectrophotometry UV -Vis at a wavelength of 280-400 nm with intervals of 5 nm. This study variations in extract concentration were made 100, 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 ppm. The results showed the SPF value of extracts of all concentrations in a row was 1.9 ( minimum ); 3.6 ( minimum ); 15.9 ( moderate ); 56.3 ( high ); 133.9 ( high ); and 136.6 ( high ). The %Te value is 400 ppm ( fast tanning ), 600 ppm ( regular suntan ) and 1000 ppm ( extra protection ). The value of %Tp at all extract concentrations is included in the category total block .
Identification of the Mitochondrial ND1 Gene Carrier of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 with Blood Samples
Authors: Amin Hindah Sabrina , Mushlih Miftahul
Published: September 2021

Diabetes Mellitus is a condition where there is an increase in blood glucose levels which is characterized by impaired insulin production or the inability of target tissues to respond to insulin. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of the NADH Dehydrogenase 1 gene in the family of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients. The study used a descriptive exploratory method. The sample came from a family of 5 people with T2D in Sidoarjo. Mitochondrial Genotype Analysis using PCR-Primary Sequencing Forward 5'GAGCAGAACCCAACCTCCGAGCAG3 '(nt2826–2849) and Primary Rivers 5'GATTGTTTGGGCTACTGCTCG3' (nt3728 - 3749). Analysis of the 5 samples used obtained 2 samples that can be analyzed with a band length of 690 bp and 84 bp. Based on the results of primary research, the sample used is difficult to get good amplification results. Only one out of five samples can be amplified properly. The variation of the amplified ND1 gene is found at positions T3031C, G3143C, A3252G, C3303T, C3707T.
Potential Analysis Of Toxoplasmosis Distribution In Wild Cats (Felis silvestris) In Some Markets Of Sidoarjo District Through Microscopic Identification Of Toxoplasma gondii
Authors: Zakaria Rizal , Ardiansyah Syahrul
Published: September 2021

There are many diseases caused by parasitic infection, one of them is toxoplasmosis which is a zoonotic disease. This study was to determine the potential spread of wild cat toxoplasmosis in several markets. The sample used in this study were 24 stray cats taken from the Larangan market, Suko market and Sukodono market in Sidorajo district, using a method of determining the size of the sample based on incidental sampling. Sample were examined using the floating method.The prevalence result obtained from Larangan market (37,5%), Suko market (37,5%) and Sukodono market (12,5%). Prevalence result in Larangan market and Suko market greater than in Sukodono market, this is due to environmental factors in Sukodono market cleaner and better sanitation. Human can become infected with oocyst if they consume food or inhale particle contaminated with T.gondii parasites. High number of cat with oocyst T.gondii can be caused by a dirty environment.
Epidemiological Study of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) With Increased Incidence of Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT) Levels at Aura Syifa Hospital Kediri
Authors: Kurniasari Mia Ashari , Nurziah Anggit Saputri Okta
Published: September 2021

Dengue fever virus is an infectious disease that can infect others if bitten by Aedes aegypti mosquito. The virus has the potential to attack cells in the hepar organs so that the hepar is inflamed, swollen, and liver function is disrupted, and there is severe bleeding. The increase in transaminase enzymes as well as hepatomegaly is a frequent sign in dbd sufferers, thus reinforcing the notion that the course of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) disease can affect hepar or liver organs. The presence of such events will increase the level of Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT) and Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGOT) in dengue fever patients. The purpose of this study is to find out the epidemiological study of Dengue dengue fever with the increase in SGPT and SGOT levels in dengue fever patients at Aura Syifa Kediri Hospital. This research method uses descriptive research design and total sampling technique for 1 month. Samples obtained for 1 month amounted to 15 samples. The results showed that from a sample of 15 respondents as many as 3 samples (20%) for high SGPT levels above normal and normal results as many as 12 samples (80%). The conclusion of this study shows that the value of SGPT levels has increased by 20% and is still above normal, but still have to be alert to small values.
Lethal Efficacy of Banana Leaves Extract (Musa paradisiaca L.) Against Aedes aegypti Larvae
Authors: Karima Wihdatul , Ardiansyah Syahrul
Published: September 2021

Indonesia has a potential to be exposed to the threat of dengue hemorrhagic fever with the point vector, the Aedes aegypti mosquito, so development need to be stopped. The use of synthetic larvicides in eradicating mosquito larvae can cause environmental pollution. To reduce it, an alternative is needed using plant larvacides with banana leaf. Banana leaves are obtained from Candi Sidoarjo. Ethanol extract of banana leaf contains tannin compounds, alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins, and flavonoids which can be used as larvicides. This research was conducted to determine the toxic effects of banana leaf extract (Musa paradisiaca L.) on the larvae of Aedes aegypti mosquito mortality. This research was conducted using the post test only the control group design with 6 treatment groups including control (aquades) and banana leaf  extract concentrations of 1000 ppm, 2000 ppm, 3000 ppm, 4000 ppm, 5000 ppm. This study used third instar larvae, each test group countaining 20 larvae with 4 repetitions. That obtained were analyzed using data and probit tests. The results of this study that banana leaf extract has a toxic effect on Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae with LC50 at a concentration of 4638 ppm.
Risk factors associated with spontaneous abortion in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya: a case-control study
Authors: Zakira Safira , Hardianto Gatut
Published: September 2021

The Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) in Indonesia is still fairly high. One of the top three causes of maternal death is bleeding. Spontaneous abortion is an early pregnancy problem leading to the occurrence of bleeding and direct maternal death. The causes of spontaneous abortion vary and can be caused by multiple factors. Early identification of risk factors is necessary to reduce mortality and morbidity due to spontaneous abortion and its complications. This study's objective was to identify the risk factors of spontaneous abortion in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital. This study was an observational analytic with a case-control approach. The population was all pregnant women hospitalized at the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital from January 2017 to December 2018. The samples were 120 in total, included  40 cases and 80 controls taken by consecutive sampling. The data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis with the Chi-square test. The results based on the bivariate analysis showed history of previous abortion (p <0.001), chronic maternal disease (p <0.001), hemoglobin levels (p = 0.020), maternal age (p= 0.026), gravidity (p= 0.036), and  infection (p= 0.037) had significant correlation with spontaneous abortion. In conclusion, risk factors associated with spontaneous abortion in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital were history of previous abortion, chronic maternal disease, anemia, advanced maternal age, multigravidity, and infection. Positive pregnancy outcomes are expected to play a role in reducing MMR in Indonesia. Therefore, high-risk pregnant women are suggested to carry out regular Antenatal care recommendations with intensive supervision.
Progressive Muscle Relaxation, Classical Music Therapy To Reduce Stress Of End Students
Authors: Lengsi Viona Tri , Mizawati Afrina , Kurniawati Ps.
Published: September 2021

Prolonged and unresolved stress conditions can affect the hemeostasis of the human body system which will cause physical and psychological disorders. This study aims to determine the differences in the effectiveness of progressive muscle relaxation and classical music therapy to reduce stress in the final year students at the Polytechnic Ministry of Health Bengkulu in 2020. The study used a Quasi Experiment design with a two-group pretest-posttest design conducted at the Polytechnic of the Ministry of Health Bengkulu. The sampling technique uses non-probability sampling with the type of purposive sampling with a total sample of final year students as many as 60 people divided into 2 intervention groups. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis, bivariate using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank and Mann Whitney test. Wilcoxon Signed Rank test results show that there is an effect of progressive muscle relaxation on stress reduction (p-value = 0,000), there is an effect of classical music therapy on stress reduction (p-value = 0,000). Mann Whitney test results p-value 0.004 <0.05 which means there is a significant difference in effectiveness between progressive muscle relaxation interventions with classical music therapy interventions in reducing stress, where progressive muscle relaxation interventions are more effective. The results of this study are expected to be a source of information and solutions that can help final year students reduce stress levels by using progressive muscle relaxation methods that can be done anywhere and anytime. So it easily controls the stressor that causes stress levels for students.
Computational mechanics of the paddlefish rostrum
Authors: Riveros Guillermo , Acosta Felipe , Patel Reena , Hodo Wayne
Published: September 2021

Purpose – The rostrum of a paddlefish provides hydrodynamic stability during feeding process in addition to detect the food using receptors that are randomly distributed in the rostrum. The exterior tissue of the rostrum covers the cartilage that surrounds the bones forming interlocking star shaped bones. Design/methodology/approach – The aim of this work is to assess the mechanical behavior of four finite element models varying the type of formulation as follows: linear-reduced integration, linear-full integration, quadratic-reduced integration and quadratic-full integration. Also presented is the load transfer mechanisms of the bone structure of the rostrum. Findings – Conclusions are based on comparison among the four models. There is no significant difference between integration orders for similar type of elements. Quadratic-reduced integration formulation resulted in lower structural stiffness compared with linear formulation as seen by higher displacements and stresses than using linearly formulated elements. It is concluded that second-order elements with reduced integration and can model accurately stress concentrations and distributions without over stiffening their general response. Originality/value – The use of advanced computational mechanics techniques to analyze the complex geometry and components of the paddlefish rostrum provides a viable avenue to gain fundamental understanding of the proper finite element formulation needed to successfully obtain the system behavior and hot spot locations.
Mat Sinking Unit supply study : Mississippi River revetment
Authors: Hicks Julie , Yates Laurin , Pettway Jackie
Published: September 2021

The Mississippi Valley Division (MVD) has maintained the Mississippi River banks for over 80 years. The Mat Sinking Unit (MSU), built in 1946, was considered state-of-the-art at the time. This system is still in operation today and has placed over 1,000 miles of Articulated Concrete Mats along the Mississippi River from Head of Passes, LA, to Cairo, IL. A new MSU has been designed and is expected to be fully mission capable and operational by the 2023 season, which is expected to increase the productivity from 2,000 squares/day up to 8,000 squares/day with double shifts and optimal conditions. This MSU supply study identifies and optimizes the supply chain logistics for increased production rates from the mat fields to the MSU. The production rates investigated for this effort are 2,000 squares/day, 4,000 squares/day, and 6,000 squares/day. RiskyProject® software, which utilizes a Monte Carlo method to determine a range of durations, manpower, and supplies based on logical sequencing is used for this study. The study identifies several potential supply and demand issues with the increased daily production rates. Distance to casting fields, number of barges, and square availability are the major issues to supply increased placement rates identified by this study.
Jurassic Provenance System and Its Geological Implication in Altyn Piedmont, Qaidam Basin
Authors: Zeng X. , Cao Q. , Wang B. , Hu C. , Tian J. X. , Zhu J. , Ouyang X. Q.
Published: September 2021

A petroleum system originating from Jurassic source rocks exists in Altyn piedmont. However, the Jurassic formation in this system is deformed by Yanshan-Himalayan tectonic movement, and related studies about its spatial distribution and sedimentary system are still highly controversial. In general, a systematic research on the provenance system helps precisely restoring the prototype basin. Based on the methods of seismic characterization, sedimentary analysis, and detrital zircon U-Pb dating (samples from several Altyn piedmont outcrops), this paper studied the provenances of Jurassic formation in Altyn piedmont and characterized their distribution from different aspects: (1) Lacustrine rift basin developed in the study area at early Jurassic, while the formation showed a saucer shape with its thickness decreasing and vanishing towards the center of the basin in the middle Jurassic; in summary, the Jurassic formation in Altyn piedmont could be divided into several parts due to their different characteristics in different periods. (2) The south part of the Jurassic deposition (south of Qingshuigou) could come from the east Kunlun terrain; the middle part (Yueya mountain to Dongping area) however could be from several provenances, including the east Kunlun terrain, the surrounding plutons, and the Altyn fault; the north part (Niudong to north Lenghu area) is mainly related to the Altyn fault. (3) The Altyn fault, a regional fault system containing several strike-slip faults, is highly active since late Triassic and controls the current spatial distribution of the Jurassic formation; the faulted area in the piedmont could be separated into several parts with several different sources. (4) Compared to the southern and middle parts, the northern Jurassic deposition is relatively flat and contains wider and thicker source rock beds, which makes this area an important gas exploration target.
IMPACT OF PERMANENT BED RENOVATION PRACTICE ON IRRIGATION PERFORMANCE AND PRODUCTIVITY
Authors: Akbar Ghani
Published: September 2021

Renovating permanent raised beds (PRB) generally aims to restore shape and increase water infiltration. However, their impact on irrigation performance and productivity in clay soil are unknown. Therefore, no-tillage (NT), shallow cultivation (SC) and blade loosening (BL) renovation methods were evaluated on a corn crop in clay (Vertisol). Results showed optimal irrigation performance (irrigation efficiencies and uniformity >70%) for the NT treatment and significantly lower application efficiency (Ea) for the SC and BL treatments. However, the BL treatment significantly increased the lateral infiltration thus wetted the 2 m wide beds during the normal irrigation periods. Similarly, the 0-30cm bulk density profiles of the BL treatment were significantly less than that of the NT and SC treatments throughout the experimental period. However, BL treatment has shown the potential to increase water productivity (WP) up to 7% when compared with NT treatment. Modelling showed Ea for the SC and BL treatments could be improved to effectively equal that of the NT treatment by increasing (up to double) the inflow rate (Q) and reducing (up to half) time to cut-off (Tco). Thus, the BL treatment can quickly enhance lateral infiltration in subsided wide beds in Vertisol at no significant trade-off and has the potential to enhance productivity.
Novel Monitoring of the Core Body Temperature and Predictors of Hypothermia in Patients Undergoing Lung Cancer Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Liu Chang-qing , Lai Li , Ren Hong-fei , Wang Chen , Liu Yu-wei , Ni Zhao , Li Ka , Gong Ren-rong
Published: September 2021

Objectives: Our study aimed to explore the feasibility and effect of noninvasive and wireless intelligent monitoring of core body temperature in surgical patients, and to evaluate the effect of intraoperative hypothermia on rapid recovery index of the patients undergoing lung cancer surgery. Methods: From January 2020 to June 2020, a wireless temperature sensor was pasted onto the nonoperative side of the axilla preoperatively to monitor axillary temperatures to help estimate core temperature in lung cancer patients. The intraoperative body temperature changes and related factors were collected and analyzed. Independent associations between hypothermia exposure and the duration of hospitalization and direct medical costs were evaluated. Our research was carried out and report according to the STROBE guideline.Results: In total, 206 consecutive patients who underwent lung cancer surgery were recruited, and the incidence of hypothermia was 83.01%. The median proportion of patients experiencing hypothermia was 62.65%, with the largest decrease in temperature recorded as 1.034±0.569°C. The patients’ lowest body temperature was calculated as follows: (Y) = 35.423 - 0.003 × surgical duration + 0.045 × BMI - 0.012 × age, R2=0.182. Patients with hypothermia had longer hospital stays and higher medical costs (t=2.201, P=0.029 and t=5.048, P<0.001, respectively).Conclusions: Hypothermia contributes to extended hospital stays and increased medical costs for patients. The use of noninvasive and wireless intelligent monitoring throughout an operation and adoption of heat preservation measures are expected to prevent and reduce hypothermia and promote rapid patient recovery.
A-WDL: An Improved Recommendation Algorithm for WDL based on Attentional Mechanism Adaptation
Authors: Xu YuHao , Wang ZhenHai , Chen Hui
Published: September 2021

CTR prediction is one of the main research directions of recommendation algorithm, which is widely used in e-commerce advertising recommendation and other fields. Wide&Deep Learning (WDL) model is a CTR prediction and recommendation algorithm that combine linear model with deep neural network. To solve the problem that WDL is prone to over-fitting and the proportion of Wide and Deep learning part needs to be adjusted manually in practical application, Attentional WDL(A-WDL) algorithm is based on residual network to improve the Deep part. And use the attention mechanism to automate the learning of the Wide part and the Deep learning part of the proportion. Experiments on the public dataset Criteo on Kaggle show that the A-WDL algorithm improves the performance of AUC compared with other algorithms such as WDL, and effectively avoids the problem of overfitting. In addition, the performance improvement of A-WDL is explainable.
Effect of Trigonelline in a Model of Apoptosis in Rat Retina
Authors: Postacı Sevinç Arzu , Çeliker Ülkü , İlhan Nevin , Dağlı Ferda , Dal Ali
Published: September 2021

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of drop trigonelline and oral trigonelline (TG) treatment in a model of N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced retinal apoptosis in rat retina. To compare with brimonidine tartrate (BT) drops with known retinal neuroprotective activity.Methods: 42 Wistar Albino male rats were randomly divided into 6 groups of 7 each. No action was applied to Group 1. Group 2 (negative control) was given intravitreal Phosphate Bufferd Saline (PBS) on the first day of the experiment and did not receive any treatment. Groups 3, 4, 5 and 6 were given intravitreal NMDA on the first day of the experiment. Group 3 (positive control) didn't receive post-injection treatment. For 21 days from the second day of the experiment, oral TG was given to group 4, TG drops were given group 5 and BT drops were given group 6. Histopathological and biochemical evaluations were performed in all groups.Results: Severe retinal degeneration was observed in group 3 compared to group 2 (p<0.001).There was no statistically significant difference between group 1 and group 2 (p>0.05). TUNEL, Brn3a and caspase3 staining in group 5 and group 6 were similar to group 2 (p>0.05). Group 5 and group 6 compared to group 3 were observed significant decrease in iNOS levels(p<0.05). Decreasing MDA levels and increasing SOD levels were detected in group 4,5,6 compared to group 3 (p<0.05).Conclusion: In our study, it was determined that TG drops showed similar retinal neuroprotective efficacy to BT drops.
Metabolic Analysis of the Regulatory Mechanism of Sugars on Secondary Flowering in Magnolia
Authors: Xuan Lingjuan , Wang Qianqian , Liu Zhigao , Cheng Shaoyu , Zhang Yingjia , Lu Danying , Dong Bin , Zhang Dongmei , Zhang Lang , Ma Jingjing , Shen Yamei
Published: September 2021

Background: Magnolia is a traditional and important ornamental plant in urban greening, which has been cultivated for about 2,000 years in China for its elegant flower shape and gorgeous flower color. Most varieties of Magnolia bloom once a year in the spring, whereas a few others, such as Magnolia liliiflora Desr. ‘Hongyuanbao’, also bloom for the second time in summer or a little late. Such a twice flowering trait is desirable because of its high ornamental values, but its underlying mechanism remains unclear. Results: To explore the peculiar metabolism twice-flowering in ‘Hongyuanbao’, the chemical metabolites and the relevant genes encoding them in the flower buds during the entire flowering period were analyzed. It appears that there was a significant variation between the metabolic profiles of flower differentiation between the first and secondary flower buds. The sucrose and trehalose metabolic pathways were significantly upregulated during both flowering periods as shown by a Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis. This was further verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis which showed that the expression levels of a number of trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) genes including MlTPS1, MlTPS5, MlTPS6, MlTPS7, and MlTPS9 were substantial increased. To further investigate the potential functional role of sucrose and trehalose in flowering regulation, the leaves of ‘Hongyuanbao’ were sprayed with the sucrose or trehalose solution with a gradient of concentrations including 30 mM, 60 mM, and 90 mM. While both trehalose and sucrose of 60 mM in concentration were able to accelerate the process of flower bud differentiation, their molecular pathways appeared to be different. Sucrose treatment increased the transcription levels of MlTPS5 and MlTPS6, whereas trehalose treatment increased MlTPS1. The expression of a number of flowering-related genes, such as MlFT, MlLFY, and MlSPL was also increased in response to the sprays of sucrose and trehalose. Conclusions: Overall, the findings on the functional roles of sucrose/trehalose and their underlying molecular mechanism in flowering of ‘Hongyuanbao’ improves our current understanding on of the biochemical triggers for flowering in Magnolia and provides a useful tool in Magnolia cultivation and flowering management.
Dose Escalated Carbon Ion Radiotherapy for Localized Prostate Cancer in Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center: Toxicity and Efficacy Outcomes At Two Years.
Authors: Li Ping , Hong Zhengshan , Li Yongqiang , Guo Xiaomao , Fu Shen , Zhang Qing
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to prospectively analyze the safety and feasibility of spot scanning carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) for patients with localized prostate cancer.Methods: 118 localized prostate cancer patients treated with spot scanning CIRT at Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center (SPHIC) were enrolled in this dose escalated study. The dose was gradually increased from 59.2GyE to 65.6GyE in 16 fractions. The primary endpoint was the acute and late toxicities. Secondary endpoints were biochemical relapse free survival (bRFS), distant metastasis free survival (DMFS), prostate cancer-specific survival (PCSS), and overall survival (OS).Results: The median follow-up time was 30.2 months (4.8-62.7 months). Acute grade 1 and 2 genitourinary (GU) toxicities were 15.3% and 18.6%, while acute grade 1 and 2 gastrointestinal (GI) toxicities were 2.5% and 0%, respectively. Late grade 1 and 2 GU toxicities were 4.2% and 1.7%, respectively. No late GI toxicity were observed. There were no cases of severe acute or late toxicity (≥grade 3). The significant association was not found between the factors and the acute GU toxicities except for CTV volume (p=0.031) on multivariate analysis. The 2-year bRFS, DMFS, PCSS, OS were 100%, 100%, 100% and 98.8%, respectively.Conclusion: The 2 years’ outcomes are encouraging, providing additional and useful information on the feasibility and safety of spot scanning CIRT for prostate cancer. Long term follow-up and prospective multi-institutional data are warranted to reinforce the role of CIRT in the management of localized prostate cancer.Trial registration: Clinicaltrial, NCT02739659. Registered 15 April 2016
Nitrous Oxide Poisoning Complicated by Syringomyelia: a Case Report
Authors: Tan Lin , Yin Changhao , Wang Zhenqi , Zhao Weina
Published: September 2021

Background: Nitrous oxide is a colorless, aromatic, inert organic gas with low toxicity and is currently abused in many recreational areas.Nitrous oxide abuse can lead to vitamin B12 deficiency, which can lead to neurological damage such as spinal neuropathy and peripheral neuropathy. Its abuse has not been associated with syringomyelia.Case presentation: We described the case of a 21-year-old young girl who presented with progressive weakness in both legs and numbness in four limbs after excessive recreational inhalation of nitrous oxide and her imaging findings were considered syringomyelia.Conclusion: Nitrous oxide abuse may be associated with syringomyelia, and that patients with nitrous oxide abuse should be further performed cervical and thoracic MRI to determine whether they have syringomyelia and give timely treatment.
Effect of The Nickel And Temperature Dependent Electrical Properties C-SiO2 -Ni Composites
Authors: Gouadria S. , Omri K.
Published: September 2021

The sol-gel method was chosen to synthesize C-SiO2/Ni nanocomposites, silica nanofillers were incorporated into a carbon based on resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF), doped with 5% nickel. During preparation process, they were subjected to a heat treatment of different pyrolysis temperatures and under an inert atmosphere for 2 h. The X- ray diffractogram presented by XRD of the samples treated at low temperatures, indicates the presence of characteristic lines of metallic nickel. FTIR analysis shows the presence of a main band located at about 1050 cm-1, which corresponds to the vibrations of Si-O-Si. From electrical characterizations, the C-SiO2-Ni5%-650 sample has a negative differential resistance‎ behavior (NDR) at low measurement temperatures. According to the I-V characterization, the C-SiO2-Ni5%-625 °C nanocomposite reveals the NDR behavior at room temperature. The conduction mechanism was fitted by two models: the hopping conduction model for the nanocomposite, treated at 650 °C, and the small polaron model for the composite treated at 675 °C.
Pleasant Stroke Touch on Human Back by a Human and a Robot
Authors: Ishikura Tomoki , Kitamura Yuki , Sato Wataru , Takamatsu Jun , Yuguchi Akishige , Cho Sung-Gwi , Ding Ming , Yoshikawa Sakiko , Ogasawara Tsukasa
Published: September 2021

Pleasant touching is an important aspect of social interactions that is widely used as a caregiving technique. To address problems resulting from a lack of available human caregivers, previous research has attempted to develop robots that can perform this kind of pleasant touch. However, it remains unclear whether robots can provide such a pleasant touch in a manner similar to humans. To investigate this issue, we compared the effect of the speed of gentle strokes on the back between human and robot agents on the emotional responses of human participants (n = 28). A robot or a human stroked on the participants’ back at slow and medium speeds (i.e., 2.6 and 8.5 cm/s). Participants’ subjective (valence and arousal ratings) and physiological (facial electromyography (EMG) recorded from the corrugator supercilii and zygomatic major muscles, and skin conductance response) emotional reactions were measured. The subjective ratings demonstrated that the medium speed was more pleasant and arousing than the slow speed for both human and robot strokes. The corrugator supercilii EMG showed that the medium speed resulted in reduced activity in response to both human and robot strokes. These results demonstrate similar speed-dependent modulations of stroke on subjective and physiological positive emotional responses across human and robot agents and suggest that robots can provide a pleasant touch similar to that of humans.
Higher Follicular Fluid Progesterone Down-regulated HPGD and COX2 in Granulosa Cells via Suppressing NF-кB Signaling in Endometriosis
Authors: Li Jing-Yi , Chen Jian-Peng , Qian Yu-Li , Ma Jun-Yan , Ni Fei-Da , Lin Yi-Feng , Zhang Run-Ju , Wang Si-Wen , Huang Yun , Liu Juan , Tu Mi-Xue , Ying Yan-Yun , Wu Yi-Qing , Wu Xue-Chen , Wu Bing-Bing , Zhu Bo , Zhang Dan
Published: September 2021

Background: Luteinized unruptured follicular follicle syndrome (LUFS) is a special type of ovulatory dysfunction and a common cause of infertility. It is estimated that its prevalence is 13% ~ 73% in endometriosis patients. Increasing evidences prove that LUFS is one of the reasons for endometriosis-related infertility. Any alteration in FF components and GCs in endometriosis may influence the developing oocyte and ovulation. This study aimed to explore the effect of local elevated progesterone in follicular fluid (FF) on ovulation in endometriosis patients.Methods: A Prospective study with matched pairs design was conducted at a reproductive medicine center between July 2017 and January 2018 in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection treatment (ICSI), while granulosa tumor-like cell line KGN (Bena culture collection, China) was used as in vitro cell model. Alterations in follicular and peritoneal fluid (PF) components identified with metabolomics analyses; Differentially expressed genes in GCs identified with transcriptome analysis; Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), western blot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescence were used to determine the expression of progesterone, NF-кB related genes, HPGD and COX-2; NF-кB binding identified with chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP).Results: Patients with endometriosis exhibited a significantly higher basal serum progesterone level, higher serum level of progesterone on trigger day and higher progesterone expression level in FF and PF. GCs from endometriosis patients revealed decreased expression of HPGD, COX-2 and suppressed NF-кB signaling, as manifested by decreased expressions of IL1R1 and IRAK3. Similarly, progesterone treatment in vitro down-regulated HPGD and COX2 expression and suppressed NF-кB signaling in KGN cells in a dose dependent manner, as manifested by decreased expressions of IL1R1, IRAK3, reduced pIкBα/IкBα ratio and nucleus translocation of p65. TNF-α, by contrast, increased expression of IL1R1, IRAK3, pIкBα, p65 and HPGD in KGN cells. Furthermore, one potential p65 binding site was identified in the promoter region of HPGD by chromatin immunoprecipitation.Conclusion: Endometriosis showed repression of NF-кB pathways and down-regulation of HPGD and COX2, which play important roles in the process of ovulation by participating in the metabolism of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), in granulosa cells (GCs) due to elevated progesterone in FF.
Analysis and Prediction of Land Use/land Cover Changes and Driving Forces by Using GIS and Remote Sensing in the Coka Watershed, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Buraka Tadele , Elias Eyasu , Lelago Alemu
Published: September 2021

Land use and land cover (LULC) is among fundamental environmental and ecological factors for monitoring, resource management, police making, planning and facilitating the development of strategies to balance conservation, development pressures, and conflicting uses. This study aimed at analyzing LULC changes that have occurred during 1988–2018 and its prediction for 2040–2060 period in Coka watershed, southern Ethiopia. LULC changes were analyzed using geographic information system and predicted by CA-Markov model. Cultivated and rural settlement land, bare land, built up area and water body have increased at an annual rate of 23.1, 2.2, 0.8 and 1.1 ha/year but forest land, bushland and grassland have decreased at an annual rate of 14.4, 4.1 and 8.7 ha/year, respectively. It is projected that cultivated and rural settlement land, bare land, built up area and water body will expand but forest land, grassland and bushland will decrease. Expansion of agriculture and deforestation showed increasing trend on both previous and predicted LULC changes with upcoming expansion of bare land and eucalyptus tree plantation due to major driving factor of population growth. This study highlights the need for well integrated landscape planning, reliable predictions for future LULC and to reduce the deterioration of environment.
Using marker-controlled watershed transform to detect baker’s cyst in MRI images: a pilot study
Authors: Ghaderi Sadegh , Ghaderi Kayvan , Ghaznavi Hamid
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Nowadays, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has a high ability to distinguish between soft tissues because of high spatial resolution. Image processing is extensively used to extract clinical data from imaging modalities. In the medical image processing field, the knee’s cyst (especially baker) segmentation is one of the novel research areas.Material and Method: There are different methods for image segmentation. In this paper, the mathematical operation of the watershed algorithm is utilized by MATLAB software based on marker-controlled watershed segmentation for the detection of baker’s cyst in the knee’s joint MRI sagittal and axial T2-weighted images.Results: The performance of this algorithm was investigated, and the results showed that in a short time baker’s cyst can be clearly extracted from original images in axial and sagittal planes.Conclusion: The marker-controlled watershed segmentation was able to detect baker’s cyst reliable and can save time and current cost, especially in the absence of specialists it can help us for the easier diagnosis of MR images.
ASEAN Economic Community and its impacts: Opportunities, challenges, and implications for higher education
Authors: Sa-ngiamwibool Amporn , Wisaeng Kittipol
Published: September 2021

The vision of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) envisaged as a global ASEAN has impacts on all sectors, including higher education (HE), a key driver to the goal. However, it is still debatable whether HE can achieve it. This study aimed to draw insights into its impacts with a focus on opportunities, challenges, and implications for HE. This study employed qualitative, comparative, interpretive, and in-depth analysis of documents. The findings revealed that the progress of AEC has a great impact on HE in three areas. Prospective opportunities comprise the services sector and internal cooperation and collaboration. The sector accounted for approximately 50% of the real output in 2018. The top three countries were Singapore (68.9%), Thailand (59.9%), and the Philippines (57.8%). However, a crucial challenge is an inequitable access to digital-driven education due to inequitable access to the Internet among member countries. The gaps of subscribers and cellular phones lie between 94.6 and 33.1 and between 180.2 and 51.9 respectively. Singapore, the regions’ best education and labor mobility destination, has the highest rates of subscribers (100) and cellular phone usage (88.2). For implications, policymakers should foster interconnectivity and digitalization through innovation-driven education. A feasible roadmap for strategic management is also proposed for AEC engagement.
ÇALIŞMA EKONOMİSİ VE ENDÜSTRİ İLİŞKİLERİ BÖLÜMLERİ KAPSAMINDA LİSANSÜSTÜ TEZLERDE SİVİL TOPLUM KURULUŞLARI
Authors: KOCABAŞ Fatma , ÖZGÜLER Verda
Published: September 2021

Sivil Toplum Kuruluşlarının (STK), küreselleşme süreci ve Bilgi İletişim Teknolojilerindeki gelişmelerle birlikte önemi ve duyarlılıkları giderek artmıştır. Günümüzde STK’lar; yoksullukla mücadeleden işsizliğin önlenmesine, uluslararası ilişkilerin geliştirilmesinden çevre sorunları ile mücadeleye, insan haklarının korunmasından barışın sağlanmasına kadar birçok sosyal sorunun çözülmesi sürecinde devlet ve özel sektörün yanında katkı veren kuruluşlardır. Dernekler, vakıflar, sendikalar, konfederasyonlar, işveren kuruluşları, profesyonel federasyonlar, meslek kuruluşları, odalar, yerel birlikler, kooperatifler artık dünyada STK olarak kabul edilmekte ve sosyal adaletin ve barışın sağlanmasından demokratikleşmeye, lobicilik faaliyetlerinden istihdamın artırılmasına kadar ekonomik, sosyal ve siyasal alanda birçok alanda önemli işlevler üstlenmektedirler. STK’ların sahip olduğu bu işlevler ülkelerin ekonomik, sosyal ve toplumsal yapılarına göre farklılık gösterebilmektedir. Günümüzde STK’lar sosyal politika alanında üstlendiği işlevleriyle devletin ulaşamadığı veya yetersiz kaldığı alanlarda birçok sosyal sorunun azaltılmasında yardımcı olmaktadırlar. Bu çalışmada STK’lar ile ilgili olarak Çalışma Ekonomisi ve Endüstri İlişkileri kapsamında yazılan lisansüstü tezler incelenerek değerlendirme yapılmaktır. Bu bağlamda “Çalışma Ekonomisi ve Endüstri İlişkileri” anabilim dalında yazılan ve Yüksek Öğretim Kurulu’nun (YÖK) tez arşivinden elde edilen lisansüstü tezler doküman incelemesi tekniğiyle incelemiştir. İnceleme sonucunda elde edilen bulgular, yüzde ve frekans tablolarıyla gösterilerek yorumlanmıştır.
Farmed Turkish salmon: Toxic metals and health threat
Authors: Bat Levent , Arici Elif , Öztekin Ayşah , Şahin Fatih
Published: September 2021

Introduction. Toxic metals in fish, even at low levels, have negative consequences for human health. Even essential metals pose a health threat if consumed in certain quantities. Mercury, cadmium, and lead are the most frequent metals containing in fish. The research objective was to inspect the quality of aquaculture fish found in most major grocery chains across Turkey.

Study objects and methods. The present research featured the quantities of Zn, Fe, Cu, Al, Pb, Hg, and Cd in Turkish salmon. The sampling took place between February and June 2019. The cumulative carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk for consumers was evaluated based on trace element levels in a prospective health risk assessment using the U.S. EPA model of lifetime exposure.

Results and discussion. Fe proved to be the most abundant element in fish fillets, followed by Zn and Cu. Other elements appeared to be far below the permissible values, namely Al ≤ 0.5, Cd ≤ 0.02, Pb, and Hg ≤ 0.05. All the trace elements detected in Turkish salmon were below the reference dose values. The percent contribution to total risk by Fe, Cu, and Zn were 34.20, 24.80, and 41.01%, respectively. The hazard index was ≤ 1. The contamination of aquaculture fish fillet proved insignificant, and the carcinogenic risk was entirely negligible.

Conclusion. The research revealed no hazardous trace elements, and their cumulative effects were not indicated in the hazardous index.
Models for predicting heavy metal concentrations in residential plumbing pipes and hot water tanks
Authors: Chowdhury Shakhawat , Kabir Fayzul , Mazumder Mohammad Abu Jafar , Alhooshani Khalid , Al-Ahmed Amir , Al-Suwaiyan M. S.
Published: September 2021

Supply water is an important source of human exposure to heavy metals through the oral pathway. Due to stagnation of water in plumbing systems, exposure concentrations of heavy metals from tap water can be higher than water distribution systems (WDS), which is often ignored by the regulatory agencies. In this study, concentrations of a few heavy metals (arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe)) and water quality parameters were monitored in WDS, plumbing pipe (PP) and hot water tanks (HWT). Multiple models were trained for predicting metal concentrations in PP and HWT, which were validated. Heavy metal concentrations in HWT were 1.2–8.1 and 1.4–6.7 times the concentrations in WDS and PP respectively. Concentrations of As, Cr, Cu, Hg and Zn were in the increasing order of WDS, PP and HWT. Concentrations of Cr and Fe were higher during summer while Cu and Zn were higher in winter. The models showed variable performances for PP and HWT (R2: PP = 0.61–0.99; HWT = 0.71–0.99). The validation data demonstrated variable correlation coefficients (r: PP = 0.45–0.99; HWT = 0.83–0.99). Few models can be used for predicting heavy metals in tap water to reduce the cost of expensive sampling and analysis.
Aspectos biofísicos de la transmisión del SARS-CoV-2 y medidas para contrarrestar la COVID-19: una revisión integral
Authors: Pérez-Anaya Oskarly , Wilches-Visbal Jorge Homero , Jiménez-Villamizar María Paola
Published: September 2021

La pandemia por COVID-19 ha tenido al mundo en vilo desde su inicio en diciembre de 2019 al sur de China. Su alcance global obedece a que el SARS-CoV-2, su agente etiológico, ha mostrado una alta facilidad para transmitirse entre humanos. Desde entonces, Gobiernos de todas las naciones han desplegado una batería de medidas para disminuir sus consecuencias. De acuerdo con el crecimiento del contagio, se emplean medidas de contención, mitigación o supresión. La base científica de las medidas se deriva del conocimiento de las características biológicas del virus y de sus vías de transmisión. Por tanto, en este trabajo se revisarán la biología del coronavirus, la física de su transmisión y el concepto de dosis de infección que permiten comprender las intervenciones sanitarias empleadas para disminuir los casos y fallecimientos por la enfermedad, especialmente en el contexto latinoamericano.
Factores relacionados con la calidad del sueño y la somnolencia diurna en universitarios del suroccidente colombiano
Authors: Sánchez Oviedo Steven , Solarte Rodrígue William Esteban , Correa Carlosama Sofy Thalía , Imbachí Quinayás Dania Yineth , Anaya Ramírez Marlly Lorena , Mera Mamián Andry Yasmid , Paz Peña Clara Inés , Zúñiga Pino Ángela
Published: September 2021

Esta investigación relaciona las características del sueño (calidad y grado de somnolencia) con las características sociodemográficas y académicas, y algunos hábitos de vida. Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal con intención analítica, en el que se aplicaron la escala de somnolencia diurna de Epworth y el índice de calidad del sueño de Pittsburgh a 313 estudiantes de áreas de la salud, mediante cuestionario en línea. El 89,1% de los participantes se clasificaron como malos dormidores, y el 84,3% presentaron algún grado de somnolencia diurna, incluida la excesiva (3,5%). Se encontró relación entre el uso de sustancias para no dormir con la calidad del sueño (p=0,009) y el grado de somnolencia (p=0,014), así como entre el grado de somnolencia diurna y la realización de actividades extracurriculares de tipo laboral (p=0,029). También se dio una correlación débil entre el puntaje de Pittsburg y la edad (p=0,009) y el promedio académico (p=0,030). Se identificó un alto porcentaje de dificultades del sueño y algunos factores asociados, lo que supone la necesidad de educar en la higiene del sueño, dado que investigaciones previas han descrito que estos problemas pueden generar consecuencias negativas como problemas de memoria y concentración.
Participación social en salud en Pereira y Dosquebradas. Perspectivas de actores sociales e institucionales
Authors: Agudelo Ramírez Alexandra , Daza Cardona Jorge Alexander
Published: September 2021

El objetivo de esta investigación fue comprender la participación social en salud en Pereira y Dosquebradas, dos municipios del departamento de Risaralda, Colombia, en el año 2018. Para esto se tomó como referente la perspectiva de líderes sociales, proveedores de salud, secretarías de salud y organismos de control. El tipo de estudio fue cualitativo, y el diseño, hermenéutico. Se realizó una entrevista semiestructurada a 17 actores clave. Para la interpretación de datos se usó análisis temático y se hizo validación a partir de la triangulación de investigadores. Se encontró que los participantes reconocen la crisis del sistema de salud, las debilidades en cuanto a la intersectorialidad, la politiquería desde lo barrial hasta la administración municipal, la participación instrumentalizada y las diferencias entre las necesidades de las comunidades y la planeación de las instituciones. Se concluye que es necesario cualificar el trabajo intersectorial en el que se incluyan los mecanismos de participación existentes; sin embargo, estos no tendrán éxito sin la voluntad política de democratizar la participación y sin el empoderamiento ciudadano. En este sentido, es fundamental el fortalecimiento de las organizaciones sociales para consolidar movimientos por la salud que se articulen en torno a las necesidades regionales.