bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of the government in certain circumstances
Authors: Klarić Mirko
Published: February 2024

The role of state administration and its public institutions in certain circumstances represents one of the most significant issues in the last twenty years following the serious security crisis caused by terrorist attacks in New York on 11 September 2001. The accent of public administration reforms was on efficiency and effectiveness of public institutions. Reforms were divided into deregulation and liberalization of public services, territorial decentralization, and regionalization with the strengthening of local government institutions and reform of central government administration. After the security crisis in 2001, financial crisis in 2008 and health crisis in 2020, the role of state institutions and public authorities in governing the state was redefined. The leading motives of general liberalization of public services, deregulation, and various forms of decentralization of public institutions abounded due to the new doctrinal approach of governmental organization. New strengthening of public authorities and public institutions became the new mainstream in the organization and functioning of the state. This paper analyzes how the role of the state can be modified due to the dynamics of social, political, and economic changes in society. New governmental reforms are contrary to earlier political and administrative measures, which include the strengthening of public institutions and concentration of public authorities. The government takes on a regulatory function in many aspects of social, political, and economic life. This situation leads to a new organization of the state, where public authorities take on a significant part of the responsibility to regulate various aspects of economic and social activities. At the focus of this paper will be how the dynamics of specific circumstances in society can affect the developing processes of the state and their public institutions. Those processes have economic, social, and political dimensions. The economic dimension includes regulatory measures on the market which contributes to development of the framework for economic development. The social dimension includes measures of social policy focused on improving the social position of citizens according to the economic development of society. The political dimension includes various aspects of security policy, with various protective measures in the community, which depends on the type of treatment for security of citizens.
Parliament
Authors: Xygka A.
Published: February 2024

This overview highlights the Parliament’s (i) recommendation to further reform corporate tax rules at the EU level; (ii) discussions of draft opinions on BEFIT, HOT and FASTER; and (iii) approval of the report proposing amendments to DEBRA.
Wetenschapscommunicatie van interdisciplinaire onderzoeksprojecten
Authors: Sterk Florentine Marnel
Published: February 2024

Resultaten uit interdisciplinaire onderzoeksprojecten moeten, net als bij disciplinaire projecten, gedeeld worden met een niet-academisch publiek om impact te hebben op de maatschappij. Bij interdisciplinaire opleidingen leren studenten om vanuit verschillende disciplinaire perspectieven een allesomvattend antwoord te geven op een complexe vraag. De wetenschapscommunicatie van interdisciplinaire projecten omvat daarom meerdere disciplinaire inzichten alsook het uiteindelijke interdisciplinaire inzicht. De vraag is dan hoe de wetenschapscommunicatie van interdisciplinaire onderzoeksprojecten bewerkstelligd kan worden op een manier die rechtdoet aan de verschillende disciplinaire perspectieven die eraan meewerken. Wetenschapscommunicatie bestaat uit de processen van herformulering en hercontextualisering. In dit artikel geef ik een overzicht van bruikbare wetenschapscommunicatietools die deze processen kunnen bewerkstelligen. Daarna wordt hun toepasbaarheid in de geesteswetenschappen, sociale wetenschappen en natuurwetenschappen besproken. Of tools ingezet worden, hangt sterk af van het gekozen onderwerp, dat in te delen is op een schaal van levend versus niet-levend en toegepast versus fundamenteel. Tot slot wordt beargumenteerd dat de keuze voor nauwe of brede interdisciplinariteit een rol speelt bij de wetenschapscommunicatie over het interdisciplinaire inzicht. Het artikel laat docenten zien waarom studenten die werken aan interdisciplinaire projecten onderwijs nodig hebben in vaardigheden ten behoeve van wetenschapscommunicatie, en welke rol disciplinaire en interdisciplinaire inzichten spelen in dit type communicatie.
All roads lead to Rome: Cyclic di-GMP differentially regulates extracellular electron transfer in Geobacter biofilms
Authors: Hu Yidan , Han Xi , Luo Ying , Jiang Jie , Jiang Yongguang , Cao Bin , Dong Yiran , Shi Liang
Published: February 2024

Microbial extracellular electron transfer (EET) in dissimilatory metal-reducing microorganisms (DMRMs) is a widespread biological process and is involved in biogeochemical cycling of a variety of elements on the planet of Earth. However, the regulatory networks controlling such important process have been under-investigated. Here, we reported that the intracellular messenger bis-(3′-5′) cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) signaling network controls EET in Geobacter sulfurreducens. The low and high levels of c-di-GMP both improved EET in G. sulfurreducens electrode-respiring biofilms by differentially regulating the expression of EET-associated genes. In particular, we found that a low c-di-GMP level reduced the formation of the anode biofilm but enhanced EET by upregulating the transcription of all known nanowire genes (i.e., pilA, omcS, omcZ and omcE). Upregulated omcZ transcription was further determined to play a decisive role in improving EET. Given that c-di-GMP is present in diverse DMRMs, this study substantially expands our understanding of the regulatory role of c-di-GMP signaling and the varied strategies for efficient EET employed by DMRMs. In addition to be fundamentally significant to understand microbe-mineral and microbe-microbe interactions driven by EET, it is also instructive to develop effective engineered microbial systems for practical applications.
Investigating the potential of zinc oxide nanoparticles and zinc ions as promising approaches to lung cancer
Authors: Sethi Tannishtha , Leonardi Donna
Published: February 2024

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer casualties globally, with adverse side effects and drug resistance making current therapeutic options inadequate. Therefore, novel therapeutics require development. A major genetic contributor to these cancers is the mutant TP53 gene, whose mutated protein fails to transactivate p21, a cell cycle control protein in p53-p21-RB signaling, resulting in uncontrolled cell growth and cisplatin resistance. Recent studies suggest zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) show promise as a targeted, cytotoxic therapy; however, their mechanisms and efficacy are strongly debated as they aggregate in solution, reducing bioavailability while demonstrating poor aqueous solubility. As such, we hypothesized that a combined treatment using either ZnO NPs and cisplatin or zinc ions and cisplatin would induce cancer cell apoptosis and reduce cisplatin resistance. We treated mutant p53 lung cancer cells with ZnO NPs, zinc ion solution isolated from the NP suspension, and/or cisplatin; all significantly reduced proliferation individually and in combination. Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and p21 upregulation from ZnO NP treatment suggests mechanisms involving p21, perhaps through a p53-independent mechanism or via p53 reactivation. Zinc ion solution rendered a reduction in p21 in the presence of significantly lower ROS induced by ZnO NP, suggesting a mechanism needing further elucidation. We subjected a control cell line, HaCaT cells, to the same treatments and demonstrated no significant reduction in proliferation in the presence of ZnO NPs or zinc ions. Our research suggests the use of ZnO NPs and zinc ions as potential strategies for lung cancer treatment regimens.
Oxygen Discovery
Authors: Farkavets Kseniia , Marinović Nela
Published: February 2024

Oxygen, a non-metallic element classified within Group 16 (VIa) of the periodic table, is a colorless, odorless gas vital to sustaining life. Highly esteemed for its involvement in animal respiration and plant photosynthesis, oxygen engages with various elements, forming diverse compounds. It facilitates combustion, emitting heat and light. Its paramount compound, water, underscores its significance. Joseph Priestley, an English chemist and controversial theologian of the 18th century, made the groundbreaking discovery of oxygen. He observed oxygen's role in sustaining life and combustion through meticulous gas experiments, ultimately challenging the long-standing belief in air as an unalterable elemental substance. Key facts underscore the significance of oxygen: its composition in Earth's atmosphere at about 21%, the presence of ozone crucial for shielding Earth from harmful radiation, and its role as the third most abundant element in the universe. Additionally, while essential for life, excessive inhalation of pure oxygen can be harmful, leading to oxygen toxicity. Furthermore, oxygen's presence in water ensures the sustainability of oceans, a cornerstone for supporting life.
Editorial
Authors: Savanović Maria , Armaković Sanja , Armaković Stevan
Published: February 2024

We've been reflecting on our journey as we start another year at AIDASCO Reviews. It's tough to sum up all our hopes and emotions in a few sentences. Still, our motivation has always been driven by the vibrant energy of young, innovative, and accomplished individuals who've contributed to past editions of AIDASCO Reviews. This ongoing narrative is a testament to that essence—a story we've carried, vividly capturing the changes, emotions, ideas, and dreams in this first issue of 2024.
Kegiatan Pelatihan Optimalisasi Pemasaran dan Peningkatan Penjualan Melalui Inovasi Kemasan pada Home Industri Jenang Mbah Sumini Kab. Madiun
Authors: Purwanto Hari , Sidanti Heny , Juliyanti Wiwin , Azhari Idzan Faqih
Published: February 2024

Home industri merupakan usaha bisnis kecil memerlukan berbagai inovasi. Hal ini untuk mengembangkan daya pemasaran agar semakin luas serta menunjang keberlangsungan usahanya. Produk yang diproduksi pada home industri ini adalah Jenang, Madu Mongso, Wajik dan lain- lainya. Permasalahan yang ada pada usaha ini antara lain pemasaran yang dilakukan dengan hanya word of mouth (dari mulut ke mulut) dan kemasan yang hanya menggunakan standing pouch kemudian ditali serta tanpa label. Pada kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini, inovasi yang diberikan yaitu pemasaran, melakukan repackaging serta pemasangan banner produk dari usaha ini. Pada permasalahan repackaging kita telah membuatkan label produk sehingga mudah dikenali oleh masayrakat dengan jangkauan yang lebih luas serta penggunaan standing pouch zipper yang praktis. Dan untuk permasalahan pemasaran, kita telah membantu mengoptimalkan penggunaan media sosial sebagai media promosi online dengan Facebook, Instagram dan TikTok, serta startegi dengan pemasangan banner sebagai media cetak promosi. Hal tersebut diharapakan agar usaha ini dapat menghasilkan peningkatan penjualan dan keuntungan yang besar.
Analisis Risiko Pengawasan Terhadap Meningkatnya Peredaran Barang Dan/Atau Jasa Yang Tidak Sesuai Ketentuan
Authors: Bairam Vander Wilden , Grace Maggie
Published: February 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan gambaran penanganan risiko yang tinggi dengan melakukan mitigasi  risiko    terhadap kejadian yang tidak inginkan  (KTD) terhadap tujuan pada Direktorat Pengawasan Barang Beredar dan Jasa Kementerian Perdagangan terhadap  Key Performance Indikator dari Organisasi. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dimana penelitian menyebarkan pertanyaaan skala dampak besar sedang dan kecil dari sebuah pernyataan risiko dan teknik pengumpulan data adalah melalui observasi, serta wawancara yang mendalam terhadap penyataan- pernyataan risiko yang muncul, hasil penelitian menunjukan melalui analisis bowtie yang digunakan  dampak dan peluang terjadinya risiko dapat berkurang dengan melakukan mitigasi dan pendekatan terhadap risiko dengan skala besar dan sedang menjadi skala risiko yang kecil dan hilang dari 3 (tiga) pernyataan risiko terdapat 2 (dua) penyataan risiko yang dapat diturunkan dan 1 (satu) pernyataan risko yang hilang setelah dilakukannya mitigasi yaitu Tidak terawasinya Barang Beredar dan Jasa pada wilayah yang tidak dijangkau oleh Petugas Pengawas mitigasi yang dilakukan adalah Penambahan SDM Petugas Pengawas Barang dan Jasa Melalui Pendidikan dan Pelatihan.
When East Meets West: A Comparative Analysis of Credibility and Persuasive Appeals in Cross-Cultural Email Negotiations between Genders
Authors: Alsharif Amerah
Published: February 2024

The bulk of studies focusing on cross-cultural variations in persuasive appeals examines letters or newspaper articles (Al-Ali 2006; Alhudhaif, 2005; Bhatia, 2014; Connor et al., 1995; Ismail, 2010). It is rare for a study to examine persuasive appeals within intercultural settings via email communication for academic proposal purposes. Typical findings of these cross-cultural studies suggest that non-native English speakers do not use rational appeals as frequently as native speakers and focus more on effective appeals. However, these studies did not base their judgements on interactive communications and the cross-cultural comparison of newspapers or political texts is hardly comparable. To this end, this paper provides a more fine-grain analysis by linking between the new impoliteness framework and persuasive appeals (impeded within genre analysis) to explore gender and cultural differences. the differences in email negotiations persuasive appeals where relevant by using comparable email data written by both cultural groups (i.e. Australians and Saudis). The results indicate that both focused on rational appeals, using far fewer credible and affective appeals. However, there were significant differences in the way both cultures utilised these appeals. In the affective appeals, Saudi men made more compliments and used more emotional and (im) polite requests than Saudi females. With the credibility appeals, Saudi women made more self-promotional moves than men, portraying the self as competent and distinguished.
Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas IV Mengenai Operasi Bilangan Bulat Dengan Permainan Maju Mundur Siap Balik (Mamunsiba) Pada Pelajaran Matematika Di SD Negeri 13 Muara Telang
Authors: Siti Maesaroh Bina Satya Pertiwi  , Muhammad Arif
Published: February 2024

Program Because it reduces student involvement in the learning process, lecture methods are considered less suitable for use in class. At SDN 13 Muara Telang, the benefit of this test is to see whether the mamunsiba game can help grade IV students learn about integer arithmetic operations. The participants in this study were 24 grade IV students at SDN 13 Muara Telang during the first semester of the 2022/23 academic year. There are 12 male students and 12 female students. Student learning completeness is measured by the value of each learning improvement cycle used to determine the success of this study. If a student achieves a score of 67 on learning outcomes, then it is considered complete, and a class is considered complete if 80% of students achieve a score of 67 or more. Nine students or 37.5% of the 24 students achieved complete learning outcomes, according to pre-cycle data. There were 15 students (62.5 percent) in cycle I, and 21 students (87.5 percent) in cycle II. Classes are considered completed if the percentage of students' completeness in cycle II exceeds 80%, or 87.5 percent, according to the circumstances. Thus it can be concluded that the mamunsiba game at SDN 13 Muara Telang improves the learning outcomes of fourth grade students about integer arithmetic operations.
Pengaruh Penerapan Pendekatan Realistik Bidang Studi Matematika Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas IV Di SDN Birowo 02 Kabupaten Blitar
Authors: Fitri ayu andraini  , Miftahul Muin
Published: February 2024

The reality in the field shows that grade IV SD students are still not familiar with the concepts and operations of fractions properly. This can be due to the mathematics learning processes and methods used by the teacher are not suitable for the needs of students. As a result, the absorption of material by students is not optimal and the results of student learning decrease occurred. One effort that can be used by teachers to assist in teaching mathematics is to use a realistic approach. Realistic Approach Method is a learning method that emphasizes the experience of everyday life to understand mathematical concepts in students. This research method is classroom action research using two cycles. Collecting data using observation techniques, documentation and tests. Data analysis uses qualitative data analysis techniques. The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of the Realistic approach on student learning outcomes in mathematics. The results of this research were an increase in learning outcomes based on improving the learning process starting in Cycle I and Cycle II, which initially had an average score of 70 which increased to 98.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar melalui Penggunaan Media Audio-Visual dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Mendengarkan Bahasa Inggris Siswa Kelas VIII-D UPT SMP Negeri 1 Tellu Limpoe Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang
Authors: Ismaeni
Published: February 2024

Media audio-visual, seperti video, audio, dan multimedia interaktif, dapat membantu siswa memahami konteks bahasa dengan lebih baik, meningkatkan daya ingat, dan merangsang minat belajar. Oleh karena itu, penelitian tindakan kelas ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dan menerapkan penggunaan media audio-visual dalam meningkatkan kemampuan mendengarkan siswa kelas VIII-D UPT SMP Negeri 1 Tellu Limpoe, Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode analisis statistik deskriptif. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian yuaitu data primer dan sekunder. Data primer yaitu data yang diperoleh dari sumber aslinya. Data sekunder adalah data yang diperoleh melalui perantara, seperti melalui buku rapor, papan statistik, dll. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan perbaikan pembelajaran pada pelajaran bahasa Inggris dalam materi kemampuan mendengarkan dengan menggunakan media audio visual, maka dapat disimpulkan, bahwa penggunaan media audio visual pada pelajaran bahasa Inggris dalam materi kemampuan mendengarkan memiliki kontribusi yang besar dalam upaya meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa, dengan ditandai pada nilai formatif siswa yang mengalami peningkatan.
CASAMENTO CIVIL E REGIME DE BENS MATRIMONIAIS E A RECENTE DECISÃO DO SUPERIOR TRIBUNAL DE JUSTIÇA ACERCA DA MUDANÇA DO REGIME DE BENS
Authors: Do Vale Oliveira Igor , Marçal Costa Tecimara , Pereira de Souza Gidionir Elias
Published: February 2024

O presente artigo é um estudo sobre os regimes de casamento constantes em nosso ordenamento jurídico, o objetivo geral é analisar com embasamento na legislação brasileira com profundidade o tema de forma a elucidar dúvidas sobre o mesmo. Os objetivos específicos são de verificar e explanar sobre as diferenças entre os diversos regimes de casamento, e suas peculiaridades assim como cada regime de bens e suas inúmeras alterações com a nova legislação, código civil brasileiro. No atual sistema jurídico brasileiro, a legislação civil estabelece quatro diferentes modelos de regimes de bens do casamento. São eles: Comunhão parcial, separação de bens, comunhão universal e participação final nos aquestos. Vejamos cada um de forma clara e objetiva.
Redes sociales y asociacionismo: las "parroquias" gallegas de Buenos Aires (1904-1936)
Authors: Núñez Seixas Xosé
Published: February 2024

Una característica que distingue a la comunidad gallega dentro del conjunto de las colectividades ibéricas emigradas es su alto índice de dispersión asociativa en entidades que, adoptando como ámbito espacial de actuación entidades geográfico-administrativas propias del país de origen (la parroquia, el municipio y la comarca), proliferaron desde 1904 tanto en La Habana como en Buenos Aires, alcanzando en 1936 un número superior al medio millar. Este fenómeno, común (en menor medida) a la colectividad asturiana de La Habana, podría ser comparado con la proliferación de asociaciones locales italianas y judías en los Estados Unidos y la misma Argentina, y nos lleva a plantear la cuestión de sus orígenes, sus funciones y las razones de su supervivencia.
El pensamiento industrialista argentino en el período de entreguerras - el estudio de un caso: La influencia de List en Bunge
Authors: Lucchini María Cristina , Blanco Teodoro V. , Cerra Angel
Published: February 2024

Una de las características más sobresalientes de los dos últimos siglos de la historia mundial ha sido la constante división de los bienes materiales entre las regiones del mundo y entre las naciones. Esta diferenciación es el resultado de complejas interrelaciones de fenómenos que se expresan en desigualdades de riqueza, distintos grados de estancamiento económico, retraso de unos países en relación a otros, diferentes potencialidades productivas y en la mayor o menor dependencia tecnológica, económica, política y cultural. Esta división se puede medir a través de variables que nos muestran los distintos niveles de vida: salud, educación, vivienda, ingreso disponible, industrialización. El análisis del conjunto de los resultados obtenidos ha permitido referirse a una jerarquía internacional de riqueza.
La inmigración española al Uruguay, 1946-1958: Un caso para repensar los procesos de inclusión/exclusión social
Authors: Ramírez Goicoechea Eugenia
Published: February 2024

La inmigración española a Latinoamérica durante el período 1946-1958 constituye el capítulo final de la emigración a este continente que comenzó en el XIX y tuvo su momento álgido en el siglo XX. La tradición emigratoria española al Uruguay hunde sus raíces en el tiempo. Uruguay fue una colonia española desde el siglo XVII y hasta la primera parte del XIX, bajo el nombre de Banda Oriental, dependiente del Virreinato del Río de la Plata, con capital en Buenos Aires, desde 1776. Se trataba de un territorio semivacío, de importancia estratégica como frontera con la poderosa influencia lusa ejercida desde Brasil. Sólo el puerto comercial de Montevideo tenía interés económico para la corona española. La Constitución de Uruguay se aprobó en 1830, siendo uno de los principales objetivos de la élite gobernante la construcción de un Estado a partir de un vasto país de 187.000 km² casi vacío, con una población de 74.000 habitantes (1830) (Zubillaga, 1993:18) y una capitalidad, Montevideo, donde se concentraba la mayoría de la población (Puiggrós, 1991).
Introducción
Authors: Corry Leo
Published: February 2024

El presente número de EIAL contiene un foco temático dedicado a estudios sobre ciencia en Latinoamérica, un campo de investigación que ha atraído relativamente poca atención por parte de los estudiosos del continente, su historia y su cultura. Por definición, el estudio de la ciencia en Latinoamérica se encuentra en la encrucijada de dos campos intelectuales sumamente amplios, cuya conexión entre sí está lejos de ser obvia y natural. Una reflexión sobre el estado del conocimiento relevante puede abordarse, entonces, de maneras diferentes desde las distintas perspectivas proporcionadas por esos dos campos.
No se debe llorar sobre leche derramada: el pensamiento epidemiológico y la mortalidad infantil en Uruguay, 1900-1940
Authors: Birn Anne-Emanuelle , Pollero Raquel , Cabella Wanda
Published: February 2024

El notable descenso de la mortalidad infantil ha sido uno de los cambios sociales más importantes y extensos del último siglo y medio. Los mecanismos de esta transformación constituyen el centro de un debate que ha cautivado el interés de diversos especialistas desde hace largos años. Economistas, demógrafos, epidemiólogos, salubristas, historiadores, hacedores de políticas, politólogos y sociólogos continúan discutiendo sobre el rol, la magnitud y la interacción de los distintos factores explicativos en el descenso de mortalidad infantil: el crecimiento económico, los progresos de la salud pública, la medicina y la higiene personal, los cambios ecológicos, la inmigración, las condiciones de vida y de trabajo y las medidas de protección social. [1-8]; [9] En la mayoría de los casos estudiados (principalmente en países europeos, Norteamérica y Japón), los análisis de los observadores de la época —salubristas, pediatras, funcionarios— no han sido integrados a los estudios histórico-demográficos. En los países latinoamericanos existe una creciente literatura que recupera los discursos salubristas, [10-12] aunque su posibilidad de contribuir al debate sobre el descenso de la mortalidad se ve seriamente limitada en virtud de las restricciones de las estadísticas vitales anteriores a la Segunda Guerra Mundial.
Limits to Governability, Corruption and Transnational Terrorism: The Case of the 1992 and 1994 Attacks in Buenos Aires
Authors: Escudé Carlos , Gurevich Beatriz
Published: February 2024

The obliteration of the Embassy of Israel and the Jewish community center known as AMIA (Asociación Mutual Israelita Argentina), two of the worst terrorist attacks worldwide during the 1990s, and the complex web of complicities, corruption and limits to governability that hindered the investigation of these acts are an interesting case for a broader study of the relationship between state disintegration, corruption and terrorism.
Turismo y territorio nacional en Argentina. Actores sociales y políticas públicas, 1920 – 1940
Authors: Ospital Maria Silvia
Published: February 2024

El desarrollo de los estudios históricos sobre turismo, es decir la idea del turismo como objeto posible del conocimiento histórico, es relativamente reciente. Se desarrolla contemporáneamente al crecimiento de los estudios de historia cultural, historia del consumo e historia del tiempo libre. La incorporación de estos temas marginales al repertorio de la historia científica se encuentra también relacionada con las conexiones establecidas entre historia y antropología, vinculaciones que han demostrado ser fecundas e intensas en el campo de los estudios culturales.  A los enfoques que se acercan al turismo desde la historia de la cultura, y a aquellos que permiten ser definidos, muy ampliamente, como parte de la historia de las costumbres o los hábitos, pueden sumarse estudios propios de la historia económica y de la historia social. Análisis de empresas de viajes, de montos invertidos en actividades hoteleras, desarrollo de los sectores vinculados con la construcción de caminos y edificios, surgimiento de nuevos sistemas de transporte, son algunas de las investigaciones atribuibles a una historia económica del turismo. Desde el punto de vista social, además de las obvias reflexiones sobre los sectores sociales que acceden a las vacaciones porque disponen de su tiempo libre, de referencias a la aparición de nuevos grupos de trabajadores dedicados a las nuevas actividades, resulta interesante analizar procesos de democratización de las sociedades a partir de los cambios en la composición de los contingentes de turistas o de la incorporación de nuevos territorios o espacios dedicados al esparcimiento en vacaciones.
Sin azúcar no hay país. La industria azucarera y la economía cubana (1919-1939). ANTONIO SANTAMARÍA-GARCÍA, Sevilla: Universidad de Sevilla, 2001.
Authors: Shinar Sary
Published: February 2024

This book, by the Spanish historian Antonio Santamaría-García, deals with a subject that has already been examined by many prominent writers. However, the complexity of the Cuban sugar industry's history leaves room for further research. The Cuban sugar industry reached glorious heights in the first decades of the 20th century only to plunge to the depths of crisis. Therefore, it is not surprising that researchers examining the Cuban case have viewed it through so many different prisms.
Downsizing the State. Privatization and the Limits of Neo-liberal Reform in Mexico. DAG MACLEOD, University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 2004.
Authors: Sánchez-Ancochea Diego
Published: February 2024

Privatization, together with the liberalization of the financial account, are the most disputed components of the neo-liberal policy package implemented in Latin America during the 1980s and 1990s. The belief that public firms are always more inefficient than private ones has proven unwarranted, and the process has often led to job losses, corruption and limited efficiency gains.
Entre observación desprendida y dinamización emocional: algunos comentarios sobre los Nuevos Cines latinoamericanos en Argentina, Brasil y Cuba
Authors: Gunderman Christian
Published: February 2024

Como ha planteado Daniel Link recientemente, los años sesenta podrían considerarse como el corazón del siglo XX.2 La importancia de esta “década larga” (de mediados de los cincuenta hasta principios de los setenta) como época3 se debe a la renovación de las políticas revolucionarias y al esfuerzo por alinear la revolución socialista con la vanguardia artística (y al intenso sueño con lograr tal cooperación), un proyecto que había fracasado anteriormente en los años veinte y treinta. Hablar de “fracaso” se justifica si se tiene en cuenta, por ejemplo, el veredicto de un filósofo marxista tan eminente y teóricamente sofisticado como Gyorgy Lukács, quien acusa a las vanguardias de reaccionarias y para quien la única estética revolucionaria en la literatura es realista.4 En el contexto latinoamericano de principios de siglo, los ejemplos abundan. Valga recordar el caso paradigmático de César Vallejo. En 1922, el autor de Trilce, una de las obras poéticas más innovadoras del siglo XX, pretende conciliar el socialismo indigenista con la experimentación más abstracta y una radical destrucción y reinvención del lenguaje. Después de exiliarse en París a partir de 1923 y de viajar a la Unión Soviética en 1928, este poeta vanguardista se ve motivado a expresar su compromiso político a través de una mediocre novela indigenista (Tungsteno, 1931) que sacrifica todo vanguardismo sobre el altar del realismo socialista.
Che's America in Myth, Memory, and Contemporary Reality
Authors: Stephens Gregory
Published: February 2024

Pacho O’Donnell’ s biography, the first major 21st century re-assessment of Che Guevara, draws on many new interviews and previously unavailable documents. This revealing bio demonstrates that the importance of Che in the 21st century lies less in his inspiring yet troubled life than in how we remember it and the memory of Che is inevitably split between the two Americas. The United States either admires or reviles Che due to his implacable opposition to North American imperialism. A different sort of memory prevails in “ our America,” as José Martí called it - - Latin America, for the sake of which Che styled himself a Simón Bolívar-style liberator.
Continental Crossroads: Remapping U.S.-Mexico Borderlands History. SAMUEL TRUETT and ELLIOTT YOUNG (eds.), Durham: Duke University Press, 2004.
Authors: Vanderwood Paul  Vanderwood J.
Published: February 2024

We are in the age of globalization, mass migration, and trans-nationalism, making it mandatory that scholars (as well as more casual observers) include borderlands in their national studies. Furthermore, these borderlands have a vibrant (if largely ignored or isolated) and telling history which form the foundation (and provide an explanation) for today's realities. So argue the editors of this fine book in their long, carefully researched, cogently analyzed, and clearly written introduction. The essays (termed "stories") which follow prove the point. Scholars examining countries, regions, even international relations have pushed borders, well, to the borders of their work.
Measures of Equality: Social Science, Citizenship, and Race in Cuba, 1902-1940. ALEJANDRA BRONFMAN, Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2004.
Authors: Weise Julie M.
Published: February 2024

The national ideology that developed during the Cuban independence movement in the 19th century was improbable. By 1898, Cuban leaders declared their nation a raceless polity, eschewing both the U.S. binary system and the Haitian model of a black republic. Alejandra Bronfman's cogently argued work demonstrates that translating these ideas into governance of an actual republic during the early 20th century proved a different matter.
Landscapes of Struggle: Politics, Society and Community in El Salvador. ALDO LAURIA-SANTIAGO and LEIGH BINFORD (eds.), University of Pittsburgh Press, 2004.
Authors: Pisani Michael J.
Published: February 2024

Central American studies have much to contribute to our broader understanding of Latin America. The social, political, historical, and economic dynamics at work in Central America reflect and parallel much of the historical trajectory of Latin America as a whole. Unfortunately, the Central American area, apart from the archeological/ anthropological studies of the Maya and the upheavals of the 1980s, continues to be woefully understudied.
Convivencia cultural y retornos familiares: una imagen no conflictiva de la Argentina en crisis. El abrazo partido (Argentina, 2003). Dirección: Daniel Burman. Guión: Daniel Burman y Marcelo Birmajer.
Authors: Coudannes Mariela
Published: February 2024

En Argentina, la identidad de la clase media se ha edificado sobre la herencia inmigrante europea como uno de sus componentes principales. La construcción de la "argentinidad" es problemática, la definición de la identidad nacional se percibe como una eterna búsqueda.
Curing the Ills of Central America: The United Fruit Company's Medical Department and Corporate Amer
Authors: Aliano David
Published: February 2024

In a 1929 issue of Unifruitco, the monthly employee magazine of the United Fruit Company (UFCo), an essay contest was announced asking employees to write what in their opinion was the most valuable/important topic in a recently published book detailing the company's wide range of activities in the tropics. The two winning essays, published in a subsequent issue, both argued that sanitation and tropical medicine were the most important aspects of the great transnational company's operations. One of the prize-winners, a Mr. R.E. McDermott, the Scranton Branch Manager for the Fruit Dispatch Company, asserted that sanitation was nothing less than the key to the United Fruit Company's "advancement of civilization in the American Tropics."[1] The United Fruit Company Medical Department's healthcare and sanitation initiatives, along with the civilizing ideology that stood behind them, are concrete manifestations of UFCo's more general cultural agenda in Central America. The role of medicine and sanitation in bringing civilization to the tropics was a recurring theme in works published by the United Fruit Company throughout the first half of the twentieth century. Company doctors identified themselves as agents of science and rational modernity and believed that their mission was not simply to cure the body but also the mind and, by extension, society. Beyond improved healthcare, the Medical Department understood its work as an integral part of the Company's mission of infusing its laborers in Central America with a capitalist American work ethic and making them productive and efficient laborers.
Judaica Latinoamericana: Estudios Históricos, Sociales y Literarios. AMILAT, (ed), Vol. V. Jerusalén: Editorial Universidad Magnes, Universidad Hebrea, 2005.
Authors: Lewis Mollie
Published: February 2024

During the past 25 years, the field of Latin American Jewish Studies has expanded markedly, although many topics and themes still remain to be tackled. Much of the previous scholarship falls into three general categories: communal studies, anti-Semitism, and histories of Jews in different countries. Scholars from a variety of disciplines and countries continue to add to the growing body of literature that deals with Latin American Jewry.
Los hombres del poder en Michoacán 1924-1962. VERÓNICA OIKIÓN SOLANO, Zamora y Morelia, El Colegio de Michoacán y la Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Instituto de Investigaciones Históricas, 2004.
Authors: Ginsberg Eitan
Published: February 2024

Corre el año 1921. El General Francisco José Múgica, veterano de la Revolución asume el poder en Michoacán, uno de los estados más importantes de México, y se propone convertirlo en centro político soberano dentro del territorio federal. Esta posición, a su juicio, conferiría a sus gobernadores amplia libertad de acción para llevar a la práctica los ideales sociales de la Revolución en materia de tierras, trabajo, educación, organización política popular, etc.
Between Freud and a Naked Woman: Notes on Sabina Berman’s Dora
Authors: Bosteels Bruno
Published: February 2024

In January of 2001, theater-goers in Mexico City were treated to a "scene" worthy of Charcot's notorious séances with hysterics at the Salpêtrière in Paris : on the stage, a young woman called "Dora" is lying naked on an operating table, flanked by two characters called Sigmund Freud and Lou Andreas-Salomé, both of them fully dressed. Mere seconds after the latter announces in an aside to the audience that the doctor has decided to perform a "major surgery" and is preparing his symbolical scalpel to "castrate" his patient: "Si la enfermedad de la mujer independiente es un falo imaginario, hay que cortar el falo." The scene, in which Freud struggles with a woman still boldly talking back at him even though she now finds herself exposed in the utmost vulnerability of her naked body, comes toward the end of Feliz nuevo siglo Doktor Freud, itself a dramatic rewriting of the famous case of Freud's Dora by the Mexican playwright, journalist, producer and psychologist by training, Sabina Berman. Directed by Sandra Félix with a superb stage design by Philippe Amand, the play at the time of its opening featured Ricardo Blume in the role of Sigmund Freud, Marina de Tavira as Dora (also Anna Freud as well as Gloria, described in the stage directions as a 1960s-type feminist, dressed in black and with short hair - I will come back later on to this combination of roles in a single actor, which is the exact opposite of the reduplication of actors for one character that happens in the case of Freud), Juan Carlos Beyer as Freud 2 (also Herr K. and Otto Rank), Enrique Singer as Freud 3 (also Herr F., a railway worker, and Carl Gustav Jung), and Lisa Owen as Lou Andreas Salomé (also Frau K., Martha Freud, Frau F., Dora as adult, and Ernest Jones).
U.S. Intervention in British Guiana: A Cold War Story. STEPHEN G. RABE, Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 2005.
Authors: Dorn Glenn
Published: February 2024

U.S. Intervention in British Guiana, Stephen Rabe's most recent foray into mid-century U.S. relations with Latin America, offers nothing less than an insightful, and profoundly disturbing analysis of Anglo-American efforts through the 1960s to destabilize British Guiana. In addition to illuminating and illustrating the significance of one of the more egregious but less well-known Cold War intercessions, Rabe has woven a powerful narrative that balances the economic, strategic, bureaucratic, and military aspects of the "old" diplomatic history with the race and gender implications of the "new."
Making Indigenous Citizens: Identity, Development, and Multicultural Activism in Peru. MARÍA ELENA GARCÍA, Stanford: Stanford University Press 2005.
Authors: Nallim Jorge
Published: February 2024

María Elena García's book is a timely and welcome addition to the growing body of scholarly literature on the current wave of indigenous movements in Latin America. García takes as a departing point the rejection of conventional views on Peru as an exceptional case study for not having experienced the development of indigenous social movements similar to those in Ecuador and Bolivia. Instead, she is able to make a compelling and fascinating case for the existence of strong indigenous politics in Peru around issues of culture, education, identity, and citizenship.
Tensiones y conflictos en los orígenes del comunismo latinoamericano: las secciones de la Liga Antiimperialista de las Américas
Authors: Kersffeld Daniel
Published: February 2024

La creación de la Liga Antiimperialista de Américas (LADLA) en la ciudad de México, entre fines de 1924 y principios de 1925, expresó uno de los intentos más ambiciosos del comunismo internacional por impulsar la revolución hacia el Nuevo Continente, una vez que sus efectos se vieron agotados en Europa y que China, máxima expresión del Oriente, bullía con un renovado fervor nacionalista y anticolonial. En efecto, y salvo algunas experiencias efímeras y frustradas como el Buró Latinoamericano y su sucesor, el Buró Panamericano, o iniciativas más duraderas aunque de menor impacto regional, como el Buró Sudamericano de Propaganda Comunista, nunca hasta ese momento la Comintern había podido dar vida a una entidad de neto alcance continental como efectivamente lo fue la LADLA, que llegó a tener una existencia real y simultánea en una quincena de países americanos, incluyendo, claro está, a los Estados Unidos. Por otra parte, las repercusiones internacionales y los efectos todavía muy presentes de amplios procesos sociales como la Revolución Mexicana y la Reforma Universitaria, a los que luego se agregarían las luchas de liberación nacional y contra varios gobiernos dictatoriales en varios países caribeños y centroamericanos, ofrecían un marco sugerente para un movimiento comunista que, sobre todo orientado por la coyuntura política, comenzaba a expandirse por todo el globo. Aún teniendo en cuenta el desconocimiento y hasta el desinterés que todavía prevalecía sobre la región entre los máximos dirigentes bolcheviques, resultaba claro que estas condiciones sociales y políticas podían resultar propicias para un proyecto de esta naturaleza, planeado de acuerdo a los imperativos frentistas de la Comintern, la que por aquel entonces atribuía una particular capacidad de lucha a las clases medias nacionalistas siempre que éstas plegaran sus reclamos a los de los obreros y campesinos.
Blacks of the Rosary. ELIZABETH W. KIDDY: Penn State University Press, 2005.
Authors: Alberto Paulina
Published: February 2024

Combining detailed archival research with oral history, Elizabeth W. Kiddy's Blacks of the Rosary tells the story of self-identified "black" (preto) lay religious brotherhoods in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais from the early colonial period to the present. Through this broad temporal lens, Kiddy aims to show how brotherhoods dedicated to Our Lady of the Rosary of the Blacks, and the present-day Afro-Brazilian congados or ritual communities that continue their traditions, provided a flexible institutional space for people of African descent to build long-lasting forms of community and identity, despite the asymmetries of power they faced during and after slavery.
A Discontented Diaspora: Japanese Brazilians and the Meanings of Ethnic Militancy, 1960-1980. JEFFREY LESSER: Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2007.
Authors: Foster David William
Published: February 2024

Lesser is the author of Welcoming the Undesirables; Brazil and the Jewish Question (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994), easily the best book written about Jewish immigrants in Latin America. In it, Lesser argues eloquently that Jews were both desirable and undesirable for Brazil: desirable because they contributed to "whitening" the national population and enhancing a Brazilian brain trust in science and technology, but undesirable because their religious beliefs and practices and socio-ethnic horizons constituted a significant dissonance in terms of the rather carefully managed concepts of a unified Brazilian cultural nationalism.
War and Genocide in Cuba, 1895-1898. JOHN LAWRENCE TOME: Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2006.
Authors: Johnson Robert David
Published: February 2024

In recent years, the work of Louis Pérez (Cuba between Empires; Cuba after the Platt Amendment) has dominated the historiography of the U.S.-Spanish-Cuban War. In Pérez's telling, the Cuban revolutionaries, committed to achieving comprehensive social and economic reform on the island, were on the verge of independence-before the United States sent troops to uphold U.S. economic and cultural influence in Cuba.
The Eagle and the Virgin. Nation and Cultural Revolution in Mexico, 1910-1940. MARY KAY VAUGHN and STEPHEN E. LEWIS: Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2006.
Authors: Serna Ana María
Published: February 2024

El águila del escudo patrio y la Virgen de Guadalupe son dos de los símbolos más representativos del nacionalismo mexicano. Ambos remiten a una identidad, a un mismo tiempo secular y religiosa, que comparten los actores sociales que convivieron en el espacio del México posrevolucionario: el Estado, la élite (empresarios, miembros de la clase política e intelectual) y los sectores populares (trabajadores campesinos e indios).
Cycles of Conflict, Centuries of Change: Crisis, Reform and Revolution in Mexico. ELISA SERVÍN, LETICIA REINA, and JOHN TUTINO (eds.): Durham and London: Duke University Press, 2007.
Authors: Mallon Florencia E.
Published: February 2024

This ambitious book began at a seminar in Mexico City in 1999 and culminated at a public conference in Washington, D.C., in 2000. Its eleven essays address the following question: if both the 1810 Independence wars and the 1910 Revolution had been preceded by periods of state-led reform, economic growth, and increasing disparities between rich and poor, could the strange parallelism that has marked modern Mexican history be repeated yet again in 2010?
El estado peronista en cuestión. La memoria dispersa del agro argentino (1946–1955)
Authors: Girbal-Blacha Noemí M.
Published: February 2024

Este estudio histórico pretende analizar críticamente la confrontación entre los diversos actores sociales del agro y el estado liderado por Juan Domingo Perón, quien, aun haciendo uso de términos amenazantes en el discurso de confrontación, no rompió la continuidad con el pasado en varias de sus acciones. Mantener el delicado e inestable equilibrio entre el sector más poderoso de la "Argentina oligárquica" se convierte en un desafío para el poder político, que requiere de la credibilidad y la legitimación para sustentarse, al tiempo que impulsa la redistribución económica del ingreso. Ello invalida, entonces, el carácter monolítico que se le atribuye al peronismo en el escenario de la Argentina entre 1946 y 1955, una calificación que oculta la heterogeneidad propia de su composición y la complejidad de la gestión popular liderada por "el coronel de los trabajadores". [7] Se ha escrito mucho acerca de la administración del Estado benefactor, nacionalista, popular y planificador conducido por Perón, acerca de su estilo político, de su relación con los sectores obreros y con la pequeña y mediana burguesía nacional, de su planificación económica, de la "tercera posición", de la doctrina y de su discurso de confrontación propio de los populismos; pero se ha dedicado poco espacio al análisis de los mitos, las paradojas y la magnitud de las realidades del peronismo en el campo económico. Se ha insistido más en señalar los cambios para el país -que sin duda trajo consigo el gobierno de Perón desde mediados de la década de 1940- que las continuidades, que también otorgaron un sello singular -aunque más oculto para el imaginario colectivo- a esa etapa de la historia argentina.
Entre Brasil e Moçambique: os caminhos percorridos no exílio
Authors: Prestes Massena Andreia
Published: February 2024

Moçambique é um país pouco conhecido no Brasil. Desconhece-se que foicolonizado por Portugal e que o idioma oficial é o português. As trocas culturais,apesar dos esforços governamentais através da Comunidade dos Países deLíngua Portuguesa, são, ainda, muito fracas.