bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Surface properties of wood material impregnated with copper-based chemical (Korasit KS) after natural weathering
Authors: ALTAY Çağlar
Published: October 2022

In this work, the surface characteristics of Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis L.) wood impregnated with Korasit KS, a water-based and copper-containing impregnation substance, were examined after three months of natural weathering. The impregnation material was penetrated into the wood material at 3% and 6% concentration levels according to the ASTM D 1413-07 (ASTM 2007) standard. According to the results obtained, the L* values of all samples decreased after natural weathering. Furthermore, impregnated samples provided better color stability than control samples. Moreover, this stability increased as the concentration amount increased in the impregnation process. While the gloss of all samples decreased after natural weathering, this decrease was more in control samples. According to the surface roughness test results, Ra, Rz and Rq values of all samples increased after natural weathering. This increase was more in the impregnated samples.
A Global Catalog of Calibrated Earthquake Locations
Authors: Bergman Eric A. , Benz Harley M. , Yeck William L. , Karasözen Ezgi , Engdahl E. Robert , Ghods Abdolreza , Hayes Gavin P. , Earle Paul S.
Published: October 2022

We produced a globally distributed catalog of earthquakes and nuclear explosions with calibrated hypocenters, referred to as the Global Catalog of Calibrated Earthquake Locations (GCCEL). This dataset currently contains 18,782 events in 289 clusters with >3.2 million arrival times observed at 19,258 stations. The term “calibrated” refers to the property that the hypocenters are minimally biased by unknown Earth structure. In addition, we calculate uncertainties using empirically determined variability of the arrival-time data itself, specific to each calibrated cluster of hypocenters. Outliers in the arrival-time dataset are removed based on measured variability of the data. In each cluster, we estimate the empirically determined uncertainty for each set of station-phase arrival times. We use a version of the hypocentroidal decomposition multiple event relocation algorithm specifically adapted for calibrated relocations of clusters of seismic events. Most clusters are calibrated by fitting the subset of direct crustal first arrivals (Pg and Sg) with a locally appropriate travel-time model to estimate the cluster hypocentroid. A few clusters are calibrated by aligning the pattern of relative locations in space and time with one or more events for which a ground-truth hypocenter is available from an independent source with known uncertainty, such as a nuclear explosion. Epicentral uncertainties in GCCEL typically range from 1 to 5 km with a 90% confidence interval. Most events have depth constraint from one or more sources, usually with an uncertainty of ≤5 km. GCCEL is a significant resource for research at local, regional, and global scales because it provides minimally biased absolute hypocenters, meaningful associated error estimates, and curated arrival times as a reference dataset that can be used as prior constraints in the development of new regional, national, and global earthquake catalogs; validation of new location techniques; and the generation of advanced Earth models.
Association of anemia and hypoalbuminemia with mortality among patients undergoing routine hemodialysis
Authors: Hioe Yuliana , Bria Maria D. , Teressa Maria , Santosa David
Published: October 2022

Background: The progressivity of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with several clinical conditions which contribute to high morbidity and mortality, including anemia and hypoalbuminemia. This study aimed to assess the association of anemia and hypoalbuminemia with the mortality of CKD patients undergoing routine hemodialysis (HD) in Siloam Hospital Kupang.Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study based on Indonesia renal registry data system and hospital medical records. We studied the following variables: gender, age, etiology of CKD, vascular access of HD, and prevalence of anemia and hypoalbuminemia. All analysis was performed using SPSS software version 22.Results: There were 128 patients enrolled in this study. Of the total patients who died, most of them died within the first 3 months since the initiation of HD (62.1%). The majority of patients had anemia (67.2%) and hypoalbuminemia (69.5%). The bivariate analysis showed that anemia (p value=0.192), and hypoalbuminemia (p value=0.336) were not statistically significant associated with mortality among patients undergoing routine HD.Conclusions: Anemia and hypoalbuminemia are not statistically associated with mortality outcome of CKD patients in Siloam Hospital Kupang. However, these conditions may still have prognostic importance for CKD patients undergoing routine HD. Further studies with larger size of cohort and longer period of time are warranted.
Study of pattern and etiological factors of nosocomial infections in critical care unit in a multispecialty, tertiary care hospital in Central India
Authors: Kripalani Sanjay , Hamer Stella Mary
Published: October 2022

Background: Nosocomial infection is a key factor determining the clinical outcome, especially among patients admitted in critical care areas. The objective of the study was to ascertain the pattern and risk factors of nosocomial infections in Critical Care Unit in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: This prospective, observational clinical study included patients admitted in intensive care unit over a period of one and a half years. Routine surveillance of various nosocomial infections such as catheter‑associated urinary tract infections, central‑line‑associated blood stream infections, and ventilator‑associated pneumonias was done through specific infection surveillance proforma.Results: Out of 679 patients, 166 suffered 198 episodes of device‑associated infections. The infections included CAUTI, CLABSI, and VAP. The number of urinary tract infection episodes was found to be 73 (10.75%) among the ICU patients who had indwelling urinary catheter. In addition, for 1 year CAUTI was calculated as 9.08/1000 catheter days. The number of episodes of blood stream infection was 86 (13.50%) among ICU patients having central line catheters. Also, CLABSI was found to be 13.86/1000 central line days. A total of 39 episodes (6.15%) of VAP was found in ICU patients over 18 months and VAP present for 6.04/1000 ventilator days.Conclusions: The organisms most commonly associated with nosocomial infections were Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and Acinetobacter species. The risk factors identified as being significantly associated with device associated infections in our ICU were diabetes, COPD and ICU stay for ≥8 days (p<0.05).
Haemoglobin and iron store status in low birth weight babies and effect of early iron supplementation on them A randomized and open label study
Authors: Gobbur RH , Umaima AG Safoora , Kalyanshettar SS
Published: October 2022

Deficiency of iron affects multiple organ systems, and poor neurodevelopment is the most worrisome effect. Low birth weight neonates are more likely to develop iron deficiency anemia than term counterparts. The guidelines for supplementation of iron in LBW neonates are poorly defined with varying recommendations pertaining to the intiation. Hence this study focuses on the effect of early iron supplementation and iron store status in them.

In this randomized open label interventional study, 48 LBW neonates (EI group) were administered iron supplementation (at 2 weeks or earlier when full feeds were achieved), and other 48 were controls. All neonates were assessed for hemoglobin level, RBC count and iron status indicators (Hematocrit, Serum Ferritin) at or after 6 weeks of postnatal age.

The post-intervention values of mean haemoglobin (cases 12.68±1.51g/dl, Controls – 11.38 ± 1.03g/dl), mean serum ferritin (cases: 238.45 ng/ml, CONTROLS- 175.68 ng/ml), mean RBC count (cases: 3.94 million/mm, and mean hematocrit (cases: 33.16±3.75%, controls 34.04±3.45%)were noted, and the % change at 6 weeks follow up in mean Hb among - 25.19%, 31.45% (0.01); % change in mean ferritin at follow up: cases 15.13%, controls 32.99% (0.001); % change in mean RBC count at follow up: cases 19.21%, 33.82% (0.001)] when compared to pre- inetervention values was noted. Though the haematological parameters decreased in both groups, the levels were comparatively higher in the cases compared to the controls, and iron store status was better in early iron-supplemented infants.

Iron supplementation in LBW neonates started as early as 2 weeks postnataly, improves the iron stores and decreases the risk of iron deficiency in these infants.
Knowledge, Attitude, Practice with respect to Epilepsy in final year M.B.B.S. medical students
Authors: Kavthekar Saiprasad Onkareshwar , Patil Mohan Anantrao , Kulkarni Devayani Ajit , S Yamini , Divyasri Nagisetti , Desai Manjiri M.
Published: October 2022

Epilepsy is a common chronic neurological disorder affecting children as well as adults. It is associated with misconceptions, myths and social stigma. Patient, parents, family members, school teachers, medical professionals look at this disorder with different perspective. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) regarding epilepsy has been studied in various segments of population. Not many studies are available in medical students. Also, there are going to be regional variations with respect to KAP regarding epilepsy. Such study is not done in this region. Hence, this study was planned.

Descriptive cross-sectional study was under taken in 102 final year M.B.B.S. students. Self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection.

51% students answered correctly in knowledge domain, 69% answered in attitude domain and 58% answered correctly in practice domain. Only 21% students were exposed in management of epilepsy patient. 86-87% students expressed to include epilepsy topic should be included in undergraduate syllabus and need for clinical posting of final year students in emergency department.

 Final year medical students had better attitude towards epilepsy but had average knowledge and practicesabout epilepsy.
Evaluation of mandibular condylar position in different malocclusion with Gelb’s grid
Authors: Soni Deepa , Khanna Rohit , Tikku Tripti , Maurya Rana Pratap , Verma Sneh Lata , Srivastava Kamna
Published: October 2022

To assess condylar position using Gelb’s grid in subjects with different malocclusion.

Pre- treatment lateral cephalogram of 45 subjects (aged above 18yrs) were taken and equally divided in three groups, Group I(skeletal Class I malocclusion), Group II-(skeletal Class II malocclusion) and Group III (Class III malocclusion) based on three Cephalometric parameters (ANB, Yen angle and Wits appraisal). Condylar position in relation to glenoid fossa was assessed with Gelb’s grid.

For Group I condyle was positioned normally (4,7) in 86.66% of subjects and was positioned posteriorly (5,8)13.33% of subjects. For Group II condyle was displaced posteriorly (5,8) in 86.66% of subjects and in normal position (4,7) for remaining subjects. For Group III subjects condyle was again found in posteriorly displaced 66.66% of subjects and normally positioned in rest of subjects.

It can be suggested that the condylar position showed variability in three malocclusion groups. Class I malocclusion group with no skeletal discrepancy was associated with more symmetric normal condylar position than malocclusion groups with skeletal discrepancy (Class II and Class III).
Custom-made acrylic beads for Forsus reactivation
Authors: Kangarkar Sharvari Anand , Golwalkar Sangeeta A. , Chougule Kishor A. , Shetty Vikranth
Published: October 2022

The usage of the fixed functional appliances has increased over the years, mainly on the account of minimal demand for patient cooperation with these appliances. Though Forsus appliance provides sufficient activation for skeletal and mandibular correction with crimpable hooks, additional activation may be required in few cases. This clinical tip presents with a efficient and cost effective way for Forsus activation using customized acrylic beads.
Chińskie pseudonimy internetowe
Authors: Kałużyńska Irena
Published: October 2022

Najpopularniejszym sposobem komunikowania się w Internecie pozostaje prowadzenie „konwersacji pisanej”. Użytkownicy, aby zalogować się do danego systemu internetowego, muszą wykreować i zgłosić swój pseudonim internetowy (nick, nickname). Pseudonimy internetowe charakteryzuje znaczna różnorodność, w zależności od celu i języka komunikacji czy też indywidualnych cech osobowych użytkownika. Artykuł ma na celu przedstawienie i omówienie zagadnienia chińskich pseudonimów internetowych, mających swoje cechy charakterystyczne, wynikające ze specyfiki chińskiego języka, chińskiej kultury nazewniczej i chińskiego Internetu. Analiza obejmuje różne formy nicków i ich cechy semantyczne. Do badań wykorzystano materiał nazewniczy zgromadzony przez chińskich i zachodnich badaczy.
Profesor Zbigniew Słupski (1934-2020) – mistrz sinologicznej rzetelności
Authors: Kasarełło Lidia
Published: October 2022

Autorka wspomina Zbigniewa Słupskiego (ur. 3 czerwca 1934 r. w Ostrawie, zm. 6 sierpnia 2020 r. w Warszawie), polskiego sinologa, profesora doktora habilitowanego, wieloletniego wykładowcy i kierownika Zakładu Sinologii na Wydziale Orientalistycznym Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, gdzie pracował od 1973 r., uzyskując habilitację i tytuł profesora, chociaż studiował na Uniwersytecie Karola w Pradze, gdzie zrobił w 1965 r. doktorat pod kierunkiem prof. Jaroslava Průška. Profesor Słupski specjalizował sie w literaturoznawstwie, chińskiej literaturze, historii i filozofii. Był autorem prac historyczno- i teoretycznoliterackich, dotyczących zwłaszcza współczesnej literatury chińskiej, w sposób szczególny opowiadań, jak też wczesnego piśmiennictwa chińskiego. Poza tym był tłumaczem rozlicznych historycznych i współczesnych dzieł chińskich, wydawanych m.in. w redagowanych przez siebie antologiach.
Great Britain and the Maastricht Treaty on European Union (1992)
Authors:   Saratov State University, Poretskova E. A.
Published: October 2022

The article describes the ratification of Maastricht treaty on European Union by British parliament. Particular attention is paid to the role of Prime Minister John Major in the framing of a treaty and its acceptance in the context of escalated intraparty and interparty relations.
Central Authorities in England at the Age of Alfred the Great: the King’s Court
Authors:   Voronezh State University, Glebov A. G.
Published: October 2022

The article deals with the study of the personnel and functions of the king’s court at the age of Alfred the Great. The author uses in his work a variety of primary sources (king’s legislation, land charters, narratives) and discloses main aspects of the king’s court’s activities at the eve of the X century.
Olga Novikov, through the Eyes of Her Contemporaries
Authors:   Saratov State University, Borodavkina N. V.
Published: October 2022

The article deals with the life and activity of Russian writer and publicist Olga Novikov, who lived in London in the second half of the XIX century. Special attention is given to Olga Novikov’s relationship with the eminent British statesmen and intellectuals, particularly with the leader of the Liberal party W. Gladstone. The author analyses the views of Olga Novikov’s contemporaries on the role she played in the social and political life of Great Britain and in the development of the Anglo-Russian relations.
An experimental study of Canal Water Purification in Chochocho Bushbuckridge Municipality Mpumalanga Province
Authors: Mafuwane Hluphi Constance , Muchie Mammo
Published: October 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to evaluate the social, economic, and political feasibilities of providing water purification technologies to rural areas of Bushbuckridge Municipality, specifically Chochocho residents.

Methodology: For this study, the following techniques were used: Questionnaire survey, simple survey, Observation, and group focus. Data was collected by fieldwork visiting the community members drinking polluted water and getting information utilizing calling individuals. Random sampling was done for this study from community members in Chochocho in Mpumalanga to collect data from known and unknown individuals and municipal officials. During the survey, we observed that residents were drinking polluted water.

Main Findings: The study results show that Moringa oleifera powder cleans polluted water quicker and cheaper than paper filters and homemade filters.

Implications of study: The results of this study can serve as a foundation for investors interested in entering the technological market. Therefore, Bushbuckridge municipality needs to develop a business strategy to assist the municipality in approaching water purification markets as a collective and social responsibility in the long term. The findings of this study can help the local municipality and the Department of water and sanitation to provide a water pipeline and erect a water purification plant to supply the community with clean water.

Novelty of the study: The study will demonstrate knowledge and skills to the young generation through research, and residents and the young generation will gain more innovative ways how to treat polluted water in Chochocho and increase the good health and livelihoods of residents in Chochocho in Bushbuckridge Municipality.
Surface Uses in Solar Neighborhoods
Authors: Hachem-Vermette Caroline , Formolli Matteo , Vettorato Daniele
Published: October 2022

This report has been completed through international collaboration under the International Energy Agency (IEA) Solar Heating and Cooling (SHC) Programme - Task 63 on Solar Neighborhood Planning. Specifically, the work contributes to Task 63 Subtask B - Economic Strategies and Stakeholder Engagement by identifying and discussing the potential usage of different urban surfaces in harvesting solar energy. Special focus has been placed on the identification of conflicts and synergies among solutions, and their contribution to the major climate resilience and sustainability objectives defined by solar neighborhoods.
Dünden Bugüne Almanya’daki Türk Toplumunun Anadili Mücadelesi: Genel Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: KARACA İlhan
Published: October 2022

Almanya’da Türk toplumunun en önemli sorunu anadili kaynaklıdır. Haliyle göçün ilk yıllarından bu yana en çok tartışılagelen konuların başında anadili gelmektedir. Ne var ki günümüze kadar çoğunluk toplum tarafından göçmen gruplarının anadillerine getirilen çeşitli sınırlamalar ve karşılıklı olarak üretilen bilgi kirliliği, Türkçe anadili için etkin bir mücadele alanın açılamasının önünde bir engel teşkil etmektedir. Göç alanında yapılan araştırmaların da göçmenlerin Almanca yeterliliğine gösterdiği ilgiyi onların anadillerine göstermediği anlaşılmaktadır. Göçmenlerin anadili sorunu aslında dilbilimin sahasına girmesine rağmen, bu bilim dalı tarafından sosyolojinin kucağına itilmiş durumdadır. Ancak sosyoloji de dilin aktarımı, kaybı ve bunların göçmeler üzerindeki etkilerini inceleyen araştırmalara yer vermemektedir. Bunun sonucunda anadili tartışmaları adeta çıkış yeri kolay bulunamayan bir labirenti andırır hale gelmiş durumdadır. Çalışmada Almanya’daki Türk toplumunun anadili mücadelesi, kuşaklar üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir. Bu mücadelenin değinim durumunda olan bir dilin korunması için gereken şartlara ne derece yakın olduğu, sosyodilbilimsel kuramlar ve ilgili literatür ışığında ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, Türkçenin Almanya’da anadili olarak sürdürülebilmesi için kurumsal koruma altına alınması gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Ancak verilen mücadele, kuşaklar ilerledikçe, Türk toplumunu bu hedeften uzaklaştırmaktadır. Süreç hızla dil değiştirimine doğru işlerken Alman toplumu da Türkçeyi Alman okullarında yabancı dil dersi olarak sunma hazırlıkları içine girmektedir. Buna paralel olarak Türk toplumunun anadili mücadelesi de Türkçenin liselerde ikinci yabancı dil dersi olarak okutulmasına yönelmektedir. Bu da gelecekte Türk çocuklarının anadillerinin artık Türkçe olmayacağının kabulüne işaret etmektedir.
Günümüz Türk Hikâyesinde Mülteci Konusu ve Cihan Aktaş’ın Fotoğrafta Ayrı Duran Hikâye Kitabında Mülteciler
Authors: YILDIZ Alpay Doğan
Published: October 2022

Mülteci kavramının hukukta özel bir anlamı vardır. Ancak günlük hayatta, ülkesinden başka bir ülkeye zorunlu olarak göç etmiş kişiler mülteci olarak adlandırıldığı görülür. Mülteci konusu Türkiye’de son yıllarda gündemde olan bir konudur. Bunda, 2013’te başlayan Suriye iç savaşı sonrası yüzbinlerce Suriyelinin Türkiye’ye sığınması etkili olmuştur. Mültecilerle ilgili devlet kurumları, sivil toplum örgütleri ve bireysel olarak insanlar pek çok şey yapmaktadır. Muhatabı insan olan edebiyat da mültecileri konu edinir. Günümüz Türk hikâyecileri mülteciler konusunda hikâyeler yazmaktadırlar. Mesela, Yıldız Ramazanoğlu, Fatma Barbarosoğlu, Mukadder Gemici, Abdullah Harmancı, Cemal Şakar’ın mültecileri konu alan hikâyeleri vardır. Mültecileri konu edinen yazarlardan biri de Cihan Aktaş’tır. Cihan Aktaş, farklı hikâye kitaplarında, ülkelerinden başka bir ülkeye giden kişileri anlatır. Bu kişilerden bir kısmı ülkelerindeki zor şartlar nedeniyle zorunlu olarak göç etmiş kişilerdir. Cihan Aktaş’ın 2017 yılında yayımlanan Fotoğrafta Ayrı Duran adlı hikâye kitabı özel bir kitaptır. Kitaptaki bütün hikâyelerin konusu mültecilerdir. Kitapta on dört hikâye yer almaktadır. Daha önceki kitaplarında göç eden Türkleri, İranlıları, Afganları, Gürcüleri, Özbekleri vb. hikâyelerinde anlatan Cihan Aktaş, Fotoğrafta Ayrı Duran’da Suriyeli göçmenleri, mültecileri konu edinir. Bu çalışmada önce çok genel olarak günümüz Türk hikâyesinde mülteciler konusu üzerinde durulmuştur. Ardından Cihan Ataş’ın Fotoğrafta Ayrı Duran hikâye kitabında mülteci konusunu ele alışı değerlendirilmiştir. Genel bir bakışla Aktaş, Suriyeli mültecilerin savaş öncesi ve savaşta Suriye’de yaşadıklarını, ülkelerini terk ederek sığındıkları ülkelerdeki (bu ülke genelde Türkiye’dir) hayatlarını anlatır. Hikâyelerde dikkat çeken en önemli özelliklerden biri yazarın Suriyeli mültecileri, onları anlamaya çalışan, onlar için bir şeyler yapmak isteyen yerli insanların hikâyeleriyle birlikte anlatmasıdır.
اللغة الهجين واللغة المولدة
Authors: Kirom Makhi Ulil
Published: October 2022

Language is speech, as Ibn Jinni defined it. This definition goes to the growth of the spoken language in society. It is well known that the spoken language is more developed and used than the written language. This research aims to explain the conditions of the spoken language and its changes. First of all, we divide this spoken language into two parts, pidgin language and creole language. While a pidgin language arises from efforts to communicate between speakers of different languages, a creole language is born from the natural language that develops from the simplifying and mixing of different languages into a new one. This phenomenon is found in many languages, including Arabic. The pidgin language in Arabic is spoken by workers from outside the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, the Philippines and other countries. They try to converse among themselves in Arabic according to their ability and understanding, this is where the pidgin language originates. And there are many languages was established among peoples for a long time, and the frequent circulation of it among them made it natural to them, so this language became a creole language.
Tackling Ragweed: a multidisciplinary and international approach
Authors: Thibaudon Michel
Published: October 2022

This paper contains the Final program and the Book of Abstracts of the World Conference of the International Ragweed Society, that was held on 8th-9th September, 2022, in Budapest, Hungary.
La escritura creativa desde un periódico escolar digital en la escuela rural
Authors: Calle-Álvarez Gerzon Yair , Aguilera Arroyo Yolima Andrea
Published: October 2022

El objetivo de la investigación fue comprender las características creativas y didácticas en la promoción de la escritura en estudiantes de educación básica primaria de una escuela rural del departamento de Antioquia, Colombia, durante la construcción de un periódico escolar digital. La metodología aplicada fue la investigación acción, en la que participaron veintidós estudiantes del grado tercero. Los instrumentos de recolección de información fueron la matriz de escritura creativa, el diario de campo y la entrevista a estudiantes. Los resultados demuestran un nivel de desempeño básico en las características creativas de fluidez, flexibilidad, originalidad y elaboración; y desde las características didácticas se reconoce la importancia de la usabilidad, la interactividad y la conexión para la promoción de la escritura creativa mediada por las tecnologías digitales. Se concluye que el periódico escolar digital es un motivador para el fomento y la divulgación de la escritura creativa de los estudiantes.
Zastrzyk z kurary, czyli „Dzieje grzechu” jako powieść metapopularna
Authors: Chyła Karolina
Published: October 2022

Literary works of Stefan Żeromski have been eloquently and fruitfully analyzed in search of schemes and conventions typical for popular literature and culture of the late 19th and early 20th century. However, these ingenious interpretations did not emphasize a crucial aspect of Żeromski’s attitude toward popular fiction, which may be described as metaconscious. Dzieje grzechu [The History of Sin] is a novel in which Stefan Żeromski most unashamedly and outspokenly used various advantages and possibilities offered to him by the realm of popular culture. Yet, in this case being both outspoken and unashamed is not equivocal with a lack of literary self-awareness, as some earlier commentators suggested. Therefore, a central point for my interpretation is a famous scene of homicide committed by the novel’s protagonist, Ewa Pobratyńska, on her lover during their erotic act. This scene, so long and so often dismissed by reviewers and researchers as exaggerated, sordid, cruel, and a sign of the writer’s declining taste, is in fact a verbatim quotation from the late 19th-century penny dreadful as a specific literary convention. When Ewa’s two relentless partners in crime first present her that project, she herself exposes its trivial sources, calling it a “rank idea” taken directly from a vulgar romance. In this way, Dzieje grzechu unmasks fictional and popular elements of its own construction. Yet, it avoids becoming a sheer pastiche, remaining a multidimensional text of several facets and perspectives.
Wer sich nicht erinnert, hat keine Geschichte. Zum Phänomen gestörter Erinnerungen und heilsamen Vergessens in der Migrationsliteratur aufgrund des Erzähltextes „Das Gedächtnis der Libellen” von Marica Bodrožić
Authors: Sobek Adam
Published: October 2022

Enquiring into the process of remembering and forgetting seems to be a fundamentally neuropsychological issue. Many writers and novelists tend to take on that matter while depicting their main characters, who deliver an account of their past adventures to the reader via recollections and memories. The paper attempts to analyse the distinctive features of the space, especially after the recognition of the spatial turn and its main assumptions. The author indicates the vital importance of borders as well as their crossing. In addition to the analysis of the mentioned genres, the author focuses on the perception and capturing of space in general as well as juxtaposes its particular spatial variations, such as partial space.
„Świat cały jest sceną…”. Szekspirowskie aluzje w „Hamlet, Revenge!” Michaela Innesa
Authors: Kokot Joanna
Published: October 2022

While some of the golden age detective novels tend to rather concentrate on the social background or the psychology of the characters, thus utilizing the novel of manners conventions (Agatha Christie, Dorothy Sayers, Margery Allingham, Martha Grimes), others focus on the criminal puzzle itself, presenting it as a challenge both to the fictional detective and to the reader. This is the case with Michael Innes’s novel, where the context of the murder is a performance of Shakespeare’s Hamlet, while quotations from this and other Shakespeare’s plays function as clues. The paper explores both the utilization of Shakespeare’s play as a code to decipher the puzzle, as well as the theatralization of the presented reality itself, turning — even as viewed from the internal perspective — into a stage on which a drama is played.
Maria Reutt — nieidentyczna z autorką dobrych powieści dla młodzieży żeńskiej
Authors: Wodniak Katarzyna
Published: October 2022

The aim of the article is to attempt to present the silhouette of Maria Reutt née Stabrowska (born in 1888?), a literary collaborator of leading high-circulation press concerns of the interwar period, mistakenly taken for highly-esteemed Vilnius author for children and youth, educator and educational activist Maria Jadwiga Reuttówna (1863/1867–1942). The sensational and romance stories of Maria Reutt, categorized as third-rate literature, were able to “chain” and “tether” the interest of readers of the magazines from the Illustrated Daily Courier group (Na Szerokim Świecie and Tempo Dnia) and Alfred Krzycki Publishing House in Żnin (Pałuczanin, Moje Powieści). They entered the book circulation extremely rarely, and yet at least one of them managed to become a reading banned for adolescent girls. The writer’s work was presented in the context of an attempt to reconstruct her biography.
The Appearance and Background of the Horizontal tomb of Joseon Dynasty
Authors:   Central Institute of Cultural Heritage, Cho Young-Sun
Published: October 2022

In general, the tombs of the Joseon Dynasty are recognized as a blood transfusion method in which a rectangular tomb is dug and a body (wood coffin) is laid down from top to bottom, filled with soil, and a burial mound is raised. In the recent precision excavation process, rectangular blood transfusions similar to those of the tomb were found at intervals toward the foot of the Togwangmyo and Hoemyo during the Joseon Dynasty, and the short walls of the tomb and the short walls of the blood transfusion were sometimes connected. Therefore, this type of tomb was defined as a “Horizontal tomb” by borrowing the structure of a cross-sectional stone chamber (stone wall) tomb.
First, it was confirmed whether the actual burial was possible in the lateral mausoleum. In the case of Hoemyo, the burial body was first created using Sabanghoe and Cheonhoe, and in the case of Togwangmyo, the wooden frame was used. After that, the size (length×width) of the store subject was compared with the size (length×width) of the grave map and the size (width×height) of the store subject by the size of the aisle, and most of them were confirmed to be actual stores. In addition, a number of traces of blocking the foot-side fault wall at the end were found in the horizontal earthen mine and Hoemyo, and it is believed that the actual store was conducted.
Next, as a result of analyzing the relics excavated inside the horizontal tomb, it was found to have been built in the early Joseon Dynasty through white porcelain stones, tombstone stones, and coins, and the relative dates such as porcelain and metals are also from the 15th to 16th centuries.
In the Joseon Dynasty, Neo-Confucianism became the center of politics and society, and in particular, etiquette became the standard for 『朱子家禮(Zhu-xi's Family Courtesy)』. However, even during the reign of King Seongjong, the culture of preferring stone chamber(stone wall) tomb, where the Soodo (Myodo) was created, was maintained between the Sadaebu(or noble families), which could be confirmed in the tombs of Park Ik and Roh Hoe-shin.
In the process of replacing stone chamber(stone wall) tomb with a Hoemyo, it is believed that Myodo remained and continued the tradition of the previous era, and the clan and vassal of the tomb would have been the mainstream. Therefore, it is not confirmed after the middle of the Joseon Dynasty, when the etiquette of 『朱子家禮(Zhu-xi's Family Courtesy)』 was established.
Aspergilose pulmonar invasiva.
Authors: Peixinho P , Sabino T , Duarte C , Cruz T , Bragança N
Published: October 2022

Aspergillosis, the most frequent of pulmonary mycosis, represents a group of varying pathogenesis diseases with the same etiological agent--Aspergillus. This fungus is a saprophyte of normal respiratory airways, but the disease occurs in immunocompromised hosts. There are several anatomo-clinical forms, but it is important to know that some could be fatal, being necessary an early diagnosis and therapy. The authors describe an Invasive Pulmonary Aspegillosis case, in a immunocompromised patient submitted to long term corticotherapy treatment. Was started with liposomal Amphotericin B, discontinued due to nephrotoxicity and substituted by Itraconazol, with clinical, laboratorial and radiologic favourable evolution, as it's proven by imagiological studies.
A Ploidia de ADN é um Biomarcador Prognóstico Independente no Carcinoma Ductal Invasivo da Mama
Authors: Pinto António E , Pereira Teresa , Silva Giovani L , Ferreira Mónica C , André Saudade
Published: October 2022

Objectivos: Avaliar parâmetros prognósticos ‘clássicos’, bem como a ploidia de ADN e a fase S , em relação com o intervalo livre dedoença e a sobrevivência global no carcinoma ductal invasivo da mama com follow-up de longo prazo.Materiais e Métodos: O estudo envolveu 400 doentes com carcinoma ductal invasivo da mama e um follow-up mediano de 134 meses(50-240). O grau histológico, tamanho tumoral, envolvimento ganglionar axilar, estadiamento patológico e expressão dos receptoreshormonais foram analisados como marcadores prognósticos convencionais. A ploidia e fase S foram determinadas prospectivamentepor citometria de fluxo de ADN em tecido fresco/congelado. Foi usado um modelo de regressão de Cox para análise estatística dasvariáveis prognósticas.Resultados: Ocorreram 106 mortes (26,5%) e 141 recorrências da doença (35,2%) durante o follow-up. Duzentos e trinta e cincotumores (58,7%) foram considerados aneuploides. Fase S alta e aneuploidia associaram-se com tumores com maior grau de diferenciação,maior tamanho e receptores hormonais negativos. Em análise univariada, todos os parâmetros clínico-patológicos e citométricos(incluindo doentes com < 40 anos e um subgrupo apresentando tumores hipertetraploides/multiploides), com excepção de faseS e receptores de estrogénios para intervalo livre de doença, correlacionaram-se significativamente com o curso clínico. Em análisemultivariada, o estádio avançado da doença, a aneuploidia e a ausência de receptores de progesterona apresentaram uma associaçãosignificativa com menor sobrevivência. No subgrupo de doentes com tumores de intermédia diferenciação (G2), a aneuploidiaassociou-se com pior prognóstico. No subgrupo sem envolvimento ganglionar, apenas os receptores de estrogénios mostraram correlaçãosignificativa com a evolução da doença. Nas doentes com envolvimento ganglionar, o maior tamanho tumoral e a aneuploidia(em relação com sobrevivência global) foram indicadores de pior prognóstico.Conclusão: A par do estadiamento da doença e expressão dos receptores hormonais, a ploidia de ADN é um biomarcador prognósticoindependente no carcinoma ductal invasivo da mama com follow-up de longo prazo.
Avaliação dos Motivos Subjacentes e Identificação de Fatores Preditivos do Drop-Out de Doentes Psiquiatricos
Authors: Teixeira Pedro , Saavedra Isabel , Rodrigues Tiago , Brenha M Miguel , Moreira Susana , Catarino Isabel , Mendes Patrícia
Published: October 2022

Introdução/Objectivos: A avaliação dos resultados das intervenções em psiquiatria deve ser multidimensional, incluindo variáveisclínicas e sociais, como a experiência individual do portador de doença mental. Uma variável que tem vindo a ser reconhecida comoimportante é a satisfação do doente com os cuidados prestados, pese embora não tenha de ser o objectivo principal do serviço ou dopsiquiatra. Contudo, se a perspetiva do utente não for incluída, existe o risco dos resultados serem enviesados pela perceção de quemos fornece. Neste estudo, pretende-se perceber se o abandono do tratamento (drop-out) representa uma melhoria ou pioria do bemestarsubjectivo dos doentes e/ou a insatisfação com os serviços recebidos, bem como encontrar factores preditivos para o drop-out.Material e Métodos: Identificação de drop-outs num coorte de dois anos de doentes que tiveram primeiras consultas de psiquiatria, naUnidade de Psiquiatria do Centro Hospitalar do Médio Ave – Unidade de Famalicão (Serviço Local de Saúde Mental).Resultados: Identificaram-se 512 doentes que tiveram uma primeira consulta de psiquiatria, dos quais 57 abandonaram unilateralmenteo tratamento pelo menos por seis meses, sem contactos efectuados nesse período no sentido de remarcação da consulta.Destes apenas 38 completaram a avaliação (resposta telefónica a questionário semiestruturado). Encontraram-se três fatores preditivospara o drop-out: idade, escolaridade e diagnóstico.Conclusões: As razões para abandono centram-se sobretudo no esquecimento e insatisfação, esta última centrada em questões darelação médico-doente. Estes resultados devem ser um ponto de partida para a avaliação e melhoria dos cuidados prestados.
Gastrenterite a Salmonella em Idade Pediátrica
Authors: Almeida Cláudia , Moreira Diana , Machado Ângela , Terra Isaura , Vieira Lucília , Cunha Joaquim
Published: October 2022

Introdução: A gastrenterite (GE) a Salmonella é uma importante causa de doença na criança. Em Portugal são notificados em média 456 casos por ano, 82% antes dos 15 anos. Objectivo do estudo: Caracterização clínica e laboratorial da população pediátrica com GE a Salmonella admitida num hospital de nível dois. Material e métodos: Estudo retrospectivo dos doentes admitidos no Serviço de Urgência no período 2005-2009, com isolamento de Salmonella em coprocultura. Resultados: Em 8195 admissões por GE, identificaram-se 218 (2,66%) casos de GE a Salmonella. Os serótipos mais frequentemente isolados foram S. enteritidis em 49,1%, e S. typhimurium em 29,8%. A população estudada foi maioritariamente rural (83%) com mediana de idade de 36 meses. Acima desta idade registou-se um predomínio de S. enteritidis (63,6%, p < 0,01) e de S. Typhimurium abaixo dos 36 meses (75,3%, p < 0,01). Quanto à distribuição anual, 166 (76%) casos ocorreram entre Maio e Outubro. Verificou-se uma associação entre S. enteritidis e Verão (52,3%, p < 0,01), e entre S. typhimurium e Primavera (35,4%, p < 0,01). Dos alimentos potencialmente envolvidos na infecção, os ovos e a água não potável foram os mais referidos. Internaram-se 182 (83,5%) crianças, uma delas com choque séptico e outra com bacteriemia secundária, ambas com boa evolução clínica. Conclusão: Os autores constataram a elevada incidência de GE a Salmonella, no contexto de uma população rural, bem como uma elevada taxa de internamento. Destaca-se a possível associação dos serótipos com determinados alimentos, o predomínio nas estações do ano mais quentes e a sua distribuição em grupos etários.
O Desafio Diagnóstico de uma Neoplasia Pulmonar Rara
Authors: Oliveira Eurico , Manuel Paula , Alexandre João , Campos Ana , Simões Torres António , Girão Fernando
Published: October 2022

Os sarcomas pulmonares primários constituem menos de 0,5% de todos os tumores malignos torácicos. São neoplasias agressivas, que se originam de células mesenquimatosas das paredes brônquicas, vasos ou interstício pulmonar. Os autores descrevem um caso clínico de uma doente com um leiomiossarcoma pulmonar, caso que se revelou um verdadeiro desafio, ilustrativo das dificuldades no diagnóstico destes tumores, mas também da sua agressividade, uma vez que teve uma evolução rápida e fatal.
Predicting Outcome after Cardiopulmonary Arrest in Therapeutic Hypothermia Patients: Clinical, Electrophysiological and Imaging Prognosticators
Authors: Maia Bruno , Roque Rafael , Amaral-Silva Alexandre , Lourenço Sónia , Bento Luís , Alcântara João
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Predicting outcome in comatose survivors of cardiac arrest is based on data validated by guidelines that were established before the era of therapeutic hypothermia. We sought to evaluate the predictive value of clinical, electrophysiological and imaging data on patients submitted to therapeutic hypothermia. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of consecutive patients receiving therapeutic hypothermia during years 2010 and 2011 was made. Neurological examination, somatosensory evoked potentials, auditory evoked potentials, electroencephalography and brain magnetic resonance imaging were obtained during the first 72 hours. Glasgow Outcome Scale at 6 months, dichotomized into bad outcome (grades 1 and 2) and good outcome (grades 3, 4 and 5), was defined as the primary outcome. Results: A total of 26 patients were studied. Absent pupillary light reflex, absent corneal and oculocephalic reflexes, absent N20 responses on evoked potentials and myoclonic status epilepticus showed no false-positives in predicting bad outcome. A malignant electroencephalographic pattern was also associated with a bad outcome (p = 0.05), with no false-positives. Two patients with a good outcome showed motor responses no better than extension (false-positive rate of 25%, p = 0.008) within 72 hours, both of them requiring prolonged sedation. Imaging findings of brain ischemia did not correlate with outcome. Discussion: Absent pupillary, corneal and oculocephalic reflexes, absent N20 responses and a malignant electroencephalographic pattern all remain accurate predictors of poor outcome in cardiac arrest patients submitted to therapeutic hypothermia. Conclusion: Prolonged sedation beyond the hypothermia period may confound prediction strength of motor responses.
Complicações Tromboembólicas Durante a Terapêutica Endovascular de Aneurismas Rotos Intra-cranianos - Profilaxia e Terapêutica
Authors: Baptista Tiago , Braz Ana , Patrício Madalena , Fragata Isabel , Reis João
Published: October 2022

As complicações tromboembólicas são as mais frequentemente reportadas durante a terapêutica endovascular de aneurismas intracranianos com espiras metálicas. A frequência deste tipo de complicação varia na literatura, contudo autores referem uma incidência entre 2,5 e 28%. Diversos mecanismos poderão estar envolvidos na formação e migração do trombo: pode ser já preexistente no interior do aneurisma a tratar e deslocar-se para o vaso portador; pode formar-se de novo na superfície das espiras ou dos cateteres utilizados; ou ainda no eventual colo residual se o grau de oclusão não for completo. Estudos demonstraram maior incidência de complicações tromboembólicas em aneurismas de colo largo. Neste trabalho discutimos a importância e justificação de medidas utilizadas na prevenção de complicações tromboembólicas durante e após a terapêutica endovascular de aneurismas rotos intra-cranianos. Referem-se ainda as opções e estratégias a adoptar na eventualidade de uma oclusão vascular ser detectada durante o procedimento, como a administração de inibidores da glicoproteina IIb/IIIa ou mesmo a libertação de stents intra-cranianos. Diversos casos exemplificativos são exibidos. A prevenção de complicações tromboembólicas e a rápida actuação perante a oclusão vascular são essenciais para a melhoria do prognóstico dos doentes submetidos a terapêutica endovascular de aneurismas rotos. O conhecimento profundo das opções disponíveis é essencial para a persecução desse objectivo.
A Integração da Promoção da Saúde e da Prevenção das Lesões na Dinâmica do Exercício Físico
Authors: Ribeiro Basil
Published: October 2022

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Investigação Bioquímica e Biofísica do Surfactante em Aspirado Gástrico Neonatal ao Nascimento
Authors: Bangyozova Maya , Jordanova Albena , Tsanova Asya , Jekova Neli , Chakarov Decho , Doumanov Jordan , Christova Emilia , Lalchev Zdravko
Published: October 2022

Introdução: A melhor abordagem para detecção de deficiência de surfactante em recém-nascidos prematuros no nascimento permanece pouco clara e a decisão de aplicar surfactante exógeno é baseada principalmente no desenvolvimento de sinais clínicos e radiológicos da síndrome de angústia respiratória neonatal (NRDS). Objetivos: Estudamos as propriedades bioquímicas e biofísicas do aspirado gástrico (GA) de crianças nascidas prematuramente com NRDS e saudáveis nascidos a termo, com o objetivo de encontrar um método acessível para avaliação da maturidade do surfactante no nascimento. Material e Métodos: Quarenta e sete recém-nascidos, divididos em dois grupos foram incluídos no estudo. O primeiro grupo composto por 34 crianças saudáveis nascidas a termo (após 37 semanas de gestação). O segundo grupo incluiu 13 recém-nascidos prematuros (idade entre 26 - 32 semanas de gestação) desenvolveram sinais clínicos de NRDS para os quais foram tratados por ventilação assistida e surfactante exógeno. A análise bioquímica da proteína e lipídio da GA coletado no nascimento foi realizado. A composição de ácidos graxos das amostras GA foi determinada pelo detector de cromatografia de massa seletiva (GS-MSD) análise. As características da superfície (de equilíbrio, os valores máximo e mínimo de tensão de superfície) das amostras de AG foram medidos utilizando o método de gota pendente. Os dados foram comparados entre os grupos, utilizando o teste t de Student ou teste de Mann-Whitney análise. Os valores foram considerados significativamente diferentes se o valor de p ≤ 0,05. Resultados: A concentração média de fosfolipídeos em GA dos prematuros foi menor (295,7 g / ml vs 374,5 mg / ml) do que em crianças a termo e do conteúdo médio de proteína foi menor no GA dos bebês prematuros que o termo recém-nascidos (574,5 ng / ml vs 641,5 ug / ml). A medição das características de superfície dinâmicas da GA mostraram significativamente maiores valores médios da tensão superficial mínima (γmin) nos bebés prematuros - 20,5 m / Nm em comparação com as crianças a termo - 12,3 mN / m (p < 0,01). Não houve diferença entre as tensões superficiais de equilíbrio (38 mN / m contra 38 mN / m) de ambos os grupos, os valores médios de tensão de superfície máxima (γmax) em GA não diferiram significativamente entre os grupos (50,1 mN / m vs 48,5 mN / m). Conclusão: Os achados revelaram fosfolipídios inferiores e concentrações de proteína na IG ao nascimento de bebês prematuros em comparação com os lactentes saudáveis a longo prazo. As características da superfície dinâmicas da GA apresentaram diferenças significativas entre os dois grupos, a tensão de superfície mínima sendo o parâmetro mais importante para a avaliação da maturidade surfactante. Ele pode ser utilizado na prática clínica para a avaliação rápida de surfactante em recém-nascidos prematuros com respeito à administração de surfactante.
Duração da Terapêutica Antibiótica na Meningite Bacteriana
Authors: Pereira P Ricardo , Borges Fernando , Mansinho Kamal
Published: October 2022

A questão do tempo de antibioterapia na meningite bacteriana é um assunto controverso. Os esquemas de antibioterapia têm variado ao longo do tempo bem como os critérios usados para a determinação da sua duração ideal. Os autores efectuaram uma revisão histórica sobre esta questão e, concomitantemente, reuniram a evidência de estudos recentes sobre esta temática, salientando alguns aspectos a ter em consideração na interpretação dos resultados, particularmente o desenho dos estudos e as inerentes questões demográficas e epidemiológicas. A investigação sobre esta questão, com resultados estatisticamente significativos, é relativamente recente sendo que a maior parte do conhecimento obtido é sobretudo baseado na experiência adquirida ao longo dos tempos. O paradigma da investigação actual, no que diz respeito à antibioterapia nas situações de meningite bacteriana, gira sobretudo em torno da dicotomia: esquemas de curta duração versus esquemas de longa duração. No entanto, os estudos existentes até ao momento não permitiram responder com clareza a esta dúvida, pelo menos de modo pleno. Assim sendo, apesar de haver evidência de que esquemas de curta duração são eficazes em alguns doentes, a sua utilização em doentes graves ou com co-morbilidades associadas poderá ser questionável.
Agradecimento aos Revisores
Authors: . .
Published: October 2022

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