bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing short and long‐term variations in diversity, timing and body condition of frugivorous birds
Authors: Campo‐Celada María , Jordano Pedro , Benítez‐López Ana , Gutiérrez‐Expósito Carlos , Rabadán‐González Julio , Mendoza Irene
Published: January 2022

Seed dispersal by frugivorous bird species involves a fine temporal tuning between fruiting plants and birds. However, this interaction may be severely threatened by anthropogenic climate and land‐use change, which may result in phenological mismatches and pervasive ecological consequences for avian communities. In this study, we evaluate changes at long (~40 years) and short‐time (seasonal) spans in an avian frugivore community using a snapshot resampling. Particularly, we focus on changes in composition, abundance, migratory timing (i.e. phenology) and physical condition in relation to variations in fruit supply. We used bird and fruit data collected during 1981–1983 and 2019–2021 in a Mediterranean scrubland site in Doñana Natural Area, SW Spain. Our findings indicate a profound transformation of species composition, bird phenology and body condition: in ~40 years, the avian community showed a 66% and 18.4% decrease of the abundance of wintering and seed‐disperser species, respectively. Seasonal abundance peaks were advanced for at least one month in the 9 out of 11 frugivorous bird species included in the analyses. Avian body condition during the migratory passage has worsened, with fewer individuals showing a high‐fat percentage now than in the past. Finally, we report a fruit production decrease of almost half in 2019–2021 compared to 1981–1983, probably linked to habitat encroachment by pine trees and replacement of fleshy‐fruited shrubs. Vegetation encroachment and climate change are the most plausible explanations for the observed changes in the avian community, but the relative importance of these factors is yet unknown. Our results at a local scale mirror the dramatic consequences of global change affecting the diversity, phenology and physical condition of frugivorous bird species reported in multiple studies across the globe. The loss of frugivores may trigger feedback mechanisms in which seed dispersal is disrupted, leading to impaired recruitment of fruiting plants and hence less food availability for the avian community.
The nutritional condition of moose co‐varies with climate, but not with density, predation risk or diet composition
Authors: R. Hoy Sarah , Forbey Jennifer S. , Melody Daniel P. , Vucetich Leah M. , Peterson Rolf O. , Koitzsch K. B. , Koitzsch Lisa O. , Von Duyke Andrew L. , Henderson John J. , Parikh Grace L. , Vucetich John A.
Published: January 2022

A fundamental question about the ecology of herbivore populations pertains to the relative influence of biotic and abiotic processes on nutritional condition. Nutritional condition is influenced in important, yet poorly understood, ways by plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) which can adversely affect a herbivore's physiology and energetics. Here we assess the relative influence of various abiotic (weather) and biotic (intraspecific competition, predation risk and diet composition) factors on indicators of nutritional condition and the energetic costs of detoxifying PSMs for the moose population in Isle Royale National Park (USA). Specifically, we observed interannual variation in the ratio of urea nitrogen to creatinine (UN:C), an indicator of nutritional restriction, over 29 years and the ratio of glucuronic acid to creatinine (GA:C), an indicator of energetic investment in detoxifying PSMs, over 19‐years. Both UN:C and GA:C were measured in samples of urine‐soaked snow. Most importantly, climatic factors explained 66% of the interannual variation in UN:C, with moose being more nutritionally stressed during winters with deep snow and during winters that followed warm summers. None of the biotic factors (density, predation, diet composition) were useful predictors of UN:C or GA:C. The absence of a relationship between diet composition and either UN:C or GA:C suggests that the nutritional ecology of wild herbivores is probably complicated by fine‐scale variation in protein content and concentrations of PSMs amongst plants of the same species. UN:C increased with GA:C at both the individual and population‐level. That result is consistent with detoxification being energetically costly, such that it impairs nutritional condition and also highlights how spatio‐temporal variation in the intake and detoxification of PSMs may influence population dynamics. Lastly, because we observed interannual variation in nutritional condition over three decades and detoxification over two decades these findings are relevant to concerns about how herbivore populations respond to climate change.
Preference of Methods and Goals of Further Education from the Social Workers‘ Point of View
Authors: Ježková Petrů Gabriela
Published: January 2022

Further education of the employees in the field of social work is one of the future challenges. The goals of further education are constantly changing with regard to the changes in society and the requirements of the clients of social services. Social work represents a multidisciplinary conception of the performed work and a continual need for further education. In organizations, further education is implemented through various educational methods, which are also evolving. The article aims to identify which educational methods in the field of social work are preferred, both within the leading managerial positions and within the ones of social workers, and to describe the goals of further education in both groups. The goal was achieved through the quantitative research conducted in both groups – i.e. the managers and the social workers. Using the Survio platform, the research addressed organizations providing social serviced according to the Register of Social Service Providers of the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs of the Czech Republic. The results were processed using descriptive statistics, and conclusions were drawn based on the results. The results showed different preferences of educational goals for managers who prefer the expansion of competencies and for social workers who prefer development. Research into the preference of educational methods has found that managers and employees prefer professional lectures, self‑education and Internet resources.
Comparison of Financial Literacy Concept in Projected Curricula of Selected Countries
Authors: Ševčík Karel
Published: January 2022

Due to the turbulent economic development in recent years and the rising number of financial issues individuals need to deal with, financial literacy is becoming a widely recognized concept, which, among others, spreads into the field of primary and secondary education. However, in each country, the different political, social, or cultural environment influences the final form of concept implementation. Therefore, the presented study focuses on the analysis and comparison of project curricula, which are crucial documents for financial education at the primary levels. A categorical system was presented as the main research tool, with the purpose to examine documents from the countries of the USA (Utah), Canada (Ontario), the Czech Republic and Australia. The results suggested the relative disunity of the financial literacy concept within the Ontario curriculum, as no comprehensive content block is devoted to it during the study. The concept is presented only as one of the cross-curricular topics, often lacking any continuity. Within the Utah curriculum, the individual actions should be cognitively more demanding so that the students are properly stimulated to be active and solve the given task. The Czech curriculum then suffers from a lack of guidance in the curriculum concerning financial literacy. The cause might be in the lower scope of the document.
Technology and measurements of three-layer NiFeCuMo/Ti/NiFeCuMo structures exhibiting the giant magnetoresistance phenomenon
Authors: Czarnacka Karolina , Kisała Jakub , Kociubiński Andrzej , Gęca Mateusz
Published: January 2022

Magnetoresistive phenomena are widely used in the construction of magnetic field sensors for biological, space, automotive, etc., applications. For this purpose, a number of methods of obtaining and testing this type of sensor are used. Therefore, the motivation to take up this topic is to obtain a structure showing magnetoresistance and carry out electrical measurements in a magnetic field to confirm the assumptions about the presence of magnetoresistance. This paper focuses on the technology and measurements of thin-film three-layer resistors. Structures NiFeCuMo/Ti/NiFeCuMo with 100/10/100 nm thicknesses were developed in situ using a DC magnetron sputtering method. A scanning electron microscopy or energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis was conducted on a sample structure and the target alloy to establish their chemical composition. The occurrence of the giant magnetoresistance exhibited by the developed three-layers was successfully confirmed in the presence of an applied magnetic field and the maximum value of resistance changes ΔR was approximately 2.75 Ω. Additionally, the thickness of the resistors was determined with a confocal microscope to verify the accuracy of the applied deposition method.
ID2 inhibits innate antiviral immunity by blocking TBK1- and IKKε-induced activation of IRF3
Authors: Yu Congci , Wang Bei , Zhu Yue , Zhang Chongyang , Ren Lili , Lei Xiaobo , Xiang Zichun , Zhou Zhuo , Huang He , Wang Jianwei , Zhao Zhendong
Published: January 2022

ID2 reduces the interferon response to viral infections by inhibiting the activation of IRF3.
Pandemic Influenza Infection Promotes Streptococcus pneumoniae Infiltration, Necrotic Damage, and Proteomic Remodeling in the Heart
Authors: Platt Maryann P. , Lin Yi-Han , Wiscovitch-Russo Rosana , Yu Yanbao , Gonzalez-Juarbe Norberto
Published: January 2022

Adverse cardiac events are a common complication of viral and bacterial pneumonia. For over a century, it has been recognized that influenza infection promotes severe forms of pulmonary disease mainly caused by the bacterium
Streptococcus pneumoniae
.
Variation in Host Resistance to Blastomyces dermatitidis: Potential Use of Genetic Reference Panels and Advances in Immunophenotyping of Diverse Mouse Strains
Authors: Kohn Elaine M. , Taira Cleison , Dobson Hanah , Dias Lucas Dos Santos , Okaa Uju , Wiesner Darin L. , Wüthrich Marcel , Klein Bruce S.
Published: January 2022

Host genetic variation significantly impacts vulnerability to infectious diseases. While host variation in susceptibility to fungal infection with dimorphic fungi has long been recognized, genes that underpin this variation are poorly understood.
FRACTAL DIMENSIONS OF KATUGAMPOLA FRACTIONAL INTEGRAL OF CONTINUOUS FUNCTIONS SATISFYING HÖLDER CONDITION
Authors: YAO KUI , WANG ZEKUN , ZHANG XIA , PENG WENLIANG , YAO JIA
Published: January 2022

This paper mainly investigates fractal dimensions of Katugampola fractional integral of continuous functions. It is proven that there exist some interesting connections between the order of Katugampola fractional integral and the upper box dimension of continuous functions satisfied Hölder condition.
Native Mass Spectrometry: Recent Progress and Remaining Challenges
Authors: Karch Kelly R. , Snyder Dalton T. , Harvey Sophie R. , Wysocki Vicki H.
Published: January 2022

Native mass spectrometry (nMS) has emerged as an important tool in studying the structure and function of macromolecules and their complexes in the gas phase. In this review, we cover recent advances in nMS and related techniques including sample preparation, instrumentation, activation methods, and data analysis software. These advances have enabled nMS-based techniques to address a variety of challenging questions in structural biology. The second half of this review highlights recent applications of these technologies and surveys the classes of complexes that can be studied with nMS. Complementarity of nMS to existing structural biology techniques and current challenges in nMS are also addressed.
The Impact of Innovation Investment Volatility on Technological Innovation of Enterprises in Different Life Cycles
Authors: Li Miaomiao , Hao Zhaoxing , Luan Meng , Li Haibo , Cao Guikun
Published: January 2022

Empirical findings from the impact of innovation investment volatility on enterprise technological innovation are mixed. Based on the punctuated equilibrium theory, this study explores the impact of innovation investment volatility on enterprise technological innovation in different life cycles and whether innovation subsidy has expected effects on enterprises’ technological innovation. By using the 205 Chinese listed enterprises in strategic emerging industries from 2010 to 2019 as the research sample, the results show that the innovation investment volatility has a positive impact on technological innovation of enterprise in the growing stage, while it has no significant effect on enterprise technological innovation in the mature and declining stages. In addition, the negative moderating effect of innovation subsidy on the relationship between innovation investment volatility and technological innovation is the most significant for enterprises in the growing stage, weakly significant for enterprises in the mature stage, and insignificant for enterprises in the declining stage.
Reframing Perceptions in Restorative Dentistry: Evidence-Based Dentistry and Clinical Decision-Making
Authors: Al-Asmar Ayah A , Al-Hiyasat Ahmad S , Abu-Awwad Motasum , Mousa Hakam N , Salim Nesreen A , Almadani Waed , Rihan Furat , Sawair Faleh A , Pitts Nigel B
Published: January 2022

Objectives. The worldwide interest of both dentists and patients in esthetic dentistry has affected decision-making in dental practice. The aim of this study was to investigate contemporary dental practice in restorative dentistry and the relationship between evidence-based dentistry in caries research and decision-making in clinical practice in restorative dentistry. Methods. The study was conducted through a structured questionnaire distributed randomly at the Jordanian Dental Association registered dentists in Jordan. The questionnaire aimed to clarify the degree of knowledge and practice of evidence-based dentistry in caries research the dentists hold regarding clinical decision-making in restorative dentistry. Results. The majority of the surveyed dentists (77%) treat teeth with irreversible pulpitis with root canal treatment rather than vital pulp therapy. 13.8% routinely insert a post and 23% routinely crown the tooth after root canal treatment regardless of the remaining tooth structure. Badly damaged teeth are treated with full crowns in 72% of the cases. Regarding Hollywood smile or smile makeover, the majority of dentists choose conservative approaches, and implants were the first choice to replace missing teeth for 93.8% of the surveyed dentists. Conclusion. A higher degree of implementation of evidence-based dentistry in clinical decision-making was found in Prosthetic Dentistry than in Endodontics. Yet, the gap between evidence-based data and clinical practice needs bridging. More emphasis on communicating these data to educators to integrate them into the dental curriculum is a must.
Relationship between Expression of Plasma lncRNA-HEIH and Prognosis in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Zhang Zhenying , Nan Sushuang , Duan Xiujuan , Wang Lizhong , Sun Xiaojing , Zheng Haiying
Published: January 2022

Objective. We aimed to investigate the expression of long noncoding RNA- (lncRNA-) HEIH in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and its impact on patients’ prognosis. Patients and Methods. From July 2015 to December 2018, 250 patients who underwent coronary angiography, including 50 in the control group and 150 in the CAD group, were collected for detection of the expression of lncRNA-HEIH by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The severity of CAD was evaluated through SYNTAX scoring system. In addition, these patients with CAD were followed up for 3 years, and the major cardiac adverse events such as myocardial infarction and revascularization were recorded. Results. The expression of lncRNA-HEIH in plasma of patients with CAD was remarkably higher than that in the control subjects and was verified to be relevant to the severity of CAD. Meanwhile, it was found that CAD patients with high expression of lncRNA-HEIH had higher rates of dyslipidemia as well as CAD family history and higher overall incidence of major cardiac adverse events than those with low expression of lncRNA-HEIH. Conclusions. lncRNA-HEIH expression is upregulated in the plasma of CAD patients, which is capable of affecting the prognosis of patients.
The Beneficial Impact of the Black Chokeberry Extract against the Oxidative Stress in the Sublingual Salivary Gland of Rats Intoxicated with Cadmium
Authors: Onopiuk Barbara M. , Dąbrowska Zofia N. , Rogalska Joanna , Brzóska Malgorzata M. , Dąbrowski Adam , Bijowski Kamil , Onopiuk Pawel , Mroczko Barbara , Orywal Karolina , Dąbrowska Ewa
Published: January 2022

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most harmful xenobiotics to which humans are exposed, mainly by the oral route, throughout life. Preventive strategies are searched as low intoxication with this element, among others due to its prooxidative properties, can be deleterious to health and the exposure to it is continuously increasing. Recently, interest has been paid to plant raw materials with a high antioxidative potential to oppose the prooxidative properties of cadmium, such as black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa L. fruit), which is rich in polyphenolic compounds. The study was aimed at assessing whether the chokeberry extract may counteract the prooxidative impact of low‐level and moderate repeated intoxication with cadmium on the sublingual salivary gland. The investigation was performed on 96 Wistar rats (females), which were treated with a 0.1% aqueous extract from chokeberries or/and a diet containing 1 or 5 mg Cd/kg for 3 and 10 months, and control animals. The intoxication with cadmium, in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner, attenuated the enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidative potential and increased the concentration of hydrogen peroxide and total oxidative status of the sublingual salivary gland resulting in an occurrence of oxidative stress, enhancement of lipid peroxidation, and oxidative injuries of proteins in this salivary gland. The treatment with the black chokeberry extract during the intoxication with cadmium prevented this xenobiotic‐caused oxidative/reductive imbalance and oxidative modifications of proteins and lipids in the salivary gland. The above results allow the conclusion that the consumption of black chokeberry products during intoxication with cadmium can prevent oxidative stress and its consequences in the sublingual salivary gland and thus counteract the unfavourable impact of this xenobiotic on the oral cavity.
Trajectory as an Identity: Privacy-Preserving and Sybil-Resistant Authentication for Internet of Vehicles
Authors: Li Jiangtao , Song Zhaoheng , Li Yufeng , Cao Chenhong , He Yuanhang
Published: January 2022

With the advancement of the 5G network, the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is becoming more and more attractive for academic researchers and industrial. A main challenge of IoV is to guarantee the authenticity of messages and protect drivers’ privacy simultaneously. The majority of privacy-preserving authentication schemes for IoV adopt pseudonyms or group signatures to achieve a balance between security and privacy. However, defending the Sybil attacks in these schemes is challenging. In this work, we propose a novel privacy-preserving authentication scheme for announcement messages, which utilizes the trajectories of vehicles as their identities. When an authenticated message is verified, the verifier is convinced that the message is generated by a vehicle that has a unique masked trajectory. Meanwhile, the real trajectories of vehicles are kept private. In particular, our scheme achieves Sybil attack resistance without the limitation of trajectory length even when the attacker is allowed to use cloud services.
Computing Some Degree‐Based Topological Indices of Honeycomb Networks
Authors: Gu Lili , Yousaf Shamaila , Bhatti Akhlaq Ahmad , Xu Peng , Aslam Adnan
Published: January 2022

A topological index is a numeric quantity related with the chemical composition claiming to correlate the chemical structure with different chemical properties. Topological indices serve to predict physicochemical properties of chemical substance. Among different topological indices, degree‐based topological indices would be helpful in investigating the anti‐inflammatory activities of certain chemical networks. In the current study, we determine the neighborhood second Zagreb index and the first extended first‐order connectivity index for oxide network (OXn), silicate network (SLn), chain silicate network (CSn), and hexagonal network (HXn). Also, we determine the neighborhood second Zagreb index and the first extended first‐order connectivity index for honeycomb network (HCn).
Spatial Spillover Transmission Effects of Financial Development on Economic‐Zone Financial Efficiency in China
Authors: Chang Kai , Li Zesheng , Long Yu
Published: January 2022

This article attempts to fill important knowledge gaps to explore the spatial spillover effects of financial markets on regional financial efficiency in eight economic zones using three‐stage superefficiency data envelopment analysis (DEA) and Durbin’s spatial econometric model. The average financial efficiencies in the North coast, East coast, and South coast economic zones reach the superefficiency DEA relatively efficient level, while the average financial efficiencies in the Northeast, Middle Yellow River, Middle Yangtze River, and large West‐south and West‐north economic zones reach the superefficiency DEA relatively inefficient level. Except for the North coast economic zone, seven equity markets have significant impacts on regional financial efficiency, and local equity markets in the Northeast, South coast, Middle Yellow River, and Middle Yangtze River economic zones generate significant spatial spillover effects on neighboring regions’ financial efficiency. Local credit markets only in the Northeast and South coast economic zones have significant spatial spillover influences on neighboring regions’ financial efficiency. Debt markets in the North coast, East coast, South coast, Middle Yangtze River, and large West‐south economic zones have significant influences on regional financial efficiency, and local debt markets in the East coast and Middle Yangtze River economic zones generate significant spatial spillover effects on neighboring regions’ financial efficiency.
Butein Inhibits Oxidative Stress Injury in Rats with Chronic Heart Failure via ERK/Nrf2 Signaling
Authors: Liu Peng , Pan Quanli
Published: January 2022

Background. Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a serious heart disease resulting from cardiac dysfunction. Oxidative stress is an important factor in aging and disease. Butein, however, has antioxidant properties. To determine the effect of butein on oxidative stress injury in rats, a CHF rat model was established. Methods. The CHF rat model was induced by abdominal aortic coarctation (AAC). Rats in CHF+butein and sham+butein group were given 100 mg/kg butein via gavage every day to detect the effect of butein on oxidative stress injury and myocardial dysfunction. The cardiac structural and functional parameters, including the left ventricular end-systolic dimension (LVESD), the left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD), the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and the left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS), were measured. Oxidative stress was measured through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Cardiac injury markers like creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were evaluated. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to observe the myocardial cell morphology. The effect of butein on the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/nuclear factor-E2 p45-related factor (Nrf2) signaling was confirmed by Western blot analysis. Results. Butein had a significant effect on CHF in animal models. In detail, butein inhibited oxidative stress, relieved cardiac injury, and alleviated myocardial dysfunction. Importantly, butein activated the ERK1/2 pathway, which contributed to Nrf2 activation and subsequent heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and glutathione cysteine ligase regulatory subunit (GCLC) induction. Conclusions. In this study, butein inhibits oxidative stress injury in CHF rat model via ERK/Nrf2 signaling pathway.
Abstract P050: Oncogenic kinase therapy restricts CD8 T cell differentiation and clonal expansion
Authors: Tieniber Andrew , Hanna Andrew , Medina Benjamin , Do Kevin , Levin Lillian , Rossi Ferdiando , DeMatteo Ronald
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Targeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) including imatinib is effective in treating gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), but resistance often develops within 18 months. Despite a robust immune T cell infiltrate, combining TKIs with immune checkpoint inhibitors has largely been unsuccessful in treating advanced GIST. The superagonist IL15/1L15Rα has shown promise in a number of cancer types. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of TKI therapy on intratumoral T cells in GIST and evaluate IL15/1L15Rα as an adjunctive therapy. Methods: KitV558Δ/+ mice were treated with imatinib (600mg/L in water) and/or IL15/IL15Rα (2ug/12ug/dose, 3x/week), for 1-4 weeks and evaluated by TCRB sequencing (Immunoseq), RNA-seq, and flow cytometry (n=4-5/group). Intratumoral immune cells from KitV558Δ/+ mice were evaluated by single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) (n=3). Results: RNA-seq of sorted CD8 T cells following 1 week of imatinib treatment suggested intratumoral CD8 T cells gain antigen experience but lose their effector profile, as cd44, sell, and tcf7 increased while gzmb and tnfrsf9 decreased (p<0.05). At 1 and 4 weeks of imatinib therapy, flow cytometry of intratumoral CD8 T cells demonstrated increased CCR7 and CD127 and decreased CD69, Tbet, Granzyme B, and Ki67 (p<0.05), confirming an intratumoral phenotypic transition from an activated/effector subtype. Imatinib therapy reduced p-AKT and p-mTOR MFI in intratumoral CD8 T cells by flow cytometry (p<0.05), signifying a deficiency in TCR signaling and/or co-stimulation. TCRB sequencing after 1 week of imatinib treatment showed no difference in T cell clonality, indicating T cells failed to undergo clonal expansion. scRNAseq in tumors from KitV558Δ/+ mice established that IL-15R and IL-15 were primarily expressed on Batf3 dendritic cells and macrophages, while both IL-2R beta and gamma were expressed on NK and T cells. Although IL15/1L15Rα alone had no anti-tumor efficacy, combining IL15/IL15Rα with imatinib improved the anti-tumor response as measured by tumor weight (p<0.05). After combination treatment, CD8 T cells evaluated by flow cytometry exhibited a significant increase in granzyme B, Tbet, CD69, and Ki67, and PI3K signaling was restored (p<0.05). Conclusions: Imatinib therapy in GIST fails to induce T cell clonal expansion and results in a reduced CD8 activation/effector profile. IL15/IL15Rα therapy improves upon the effects of imatinib by rescuing CD8 T cell PI3K signaling and effector response.

Citation Format: Andrew Tieniber, Andrew Hanna, Benjamin Medina, Kevin Do, Lillian Levin, Ferdiando Rossi, Ronald DeMatteo. Oncogenic kinase therapy restricts CD8 T cell differentiation and clonal expansion [abstract]. In: Abstracts: AACR Virtual Special Conference: Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2021 Oct 5-6. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2022;10(1 Suppl):Abstract nr P050.
Abstract PR04: CRISPR-mediated PTPN2 deletion in CAR T cells enhances anti-tumor efficacy
Authors: Du Xin , Wiede Florian , Darcy Phillip K. , Tiganis Tony
Published: January 2022

Chimeric Antigen Receptor T cell (CAR T) immunotherapy has been remarkably successful in the treatment of B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL). However, beyond hematological malignancies, CAR T cells have been ineffective in treating solid tumors. Novel approaches for enhancing the ability of CAR T cells to combat solid tumors are urgently required. Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are enzymes that regulate a wide range of physiological processes including metabolism, cellular growth, proliferation and differentiation by controlling tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent signaling. PTPs are key regulators of T cell signaling and contribute to the maintenance of immune tolerance. Studies from our group have shown that PTPN2 plays pivotal role in negatively regulating T cell receptor (TCR) signaling by dephosphorylating and inactivating the Src family protein tyrosine kinase LCK (Wiede, Shields et al. 2011). PTPN2 also attenuates cytokine signaling by dephosphorylating JAK-1, JAK-3 and their target substrates STAT-1, -3 and -5 in a cell context-dependent manner (Simoncic, Lee-Loy et al. 2002, ten Hoeve, de Jesus Ibarra-Sanchez et al. 2002, Wiede, Shields et al. 2011, Wiede, La Gruta et al. 2014). Since CARs signal via LCK, and cytokine signaling is critical for CAR T cell function, we postulated that inhibiting PTPN2 might bolster the anti-tumor activity of CAR T cells. Here we used CRISPR-Cas9-ribonucleoprotein (RNP)-mediated genome editing to delete PTPN2 in CAR T cells. Using this approach PTPN2 was efficiently deleted in CAR T cells and the deletion of PTPN2 significantly enhanced the anti-tumor efficacy of CAR T cells in vitro and in vivo.

This abstract is also being presented as Poster P004.

Citation Format: Xin Du, Florian Wiede, Phillip K. Darcy, Tony Tiganis. CRISPR-mediated PTPN2 deletion in CAR T cells enhances anti-tumor efficacy [abstract]. In: Abstracts: AACR Virtual Special Conference: Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2021 Oct 5-6. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2022;10(1 Suppl):Abstract nr PR04.
Predicting the technical condition of the power transformer using fuzzy logic and dissolved gas analysis method
Authors: Levin Vladimir Mikhailovich , Yahya Ammar Abdulazez , A. Boyarova Diana
Published: January 2022

Power transformers are one of the most important and complex parts of an electric power system. Maintenance is performed for this responsible part based on the technical condition of the transformer using a predictive approach. The technical condition of the power transformer can be diagnosed using a range of different diagnostic methods, for example, analysis of dissolved gases (DGA), partial discharge monitoring, vibration monitoring, and moisture monitoring. In this paper, the authors present a digital model for predicting the technical condition of a power transformer and determining the type of defect and its cause in the event of defect detection. The predictive digital model is developed using the programming environment in LabVIEW and is based on the fuzzy logic approach to the DGA method, interpreted by the key gas method and the Dornenburg ratio method. The developed digital model is verified on a set of 110 kV and 220 kV transformers of one of the sections of the distribution network and thermal power plant in the Russian Federation. The results obtained showed its high efficiency in predicting faults and the possibility of using it as an effective computing tool to facilitate the work of the operating personnel of power enterprises.
Circular ring shaped ultra-wideband metamaterial absorber with polarization insensitivity for energy harvesting
Authors: John Paul John Bosco , Rekh Aruldas Shobha
Published: January 2022

A circular ring-shaped metamaterial (CRM) absorber was designed to harvest radio frequency (RF) energy in the ultra-wideband (UWB) frequency band applications. The proposed metamaterial unit cell features a circular shaped structure, with rectangular strip lines connected in the form of a cross leaving a square shaped slot at center. The unit cell dimensions are 15×15×1.6 mm. The absorber was etched on a low cost FR4 substrate having a dielectric constant of 4.4. Ansys high frequency structure simulator (HFSS) software was used for simulation and the analysis were carried out for unit cell, 2×2, 3×3, and 4×4 array structures. The absorber parameters plotted are absorption characteristics and reflection characteristics. Also, the metamaterial parameters (μeff) and (εeff) are also retrieved from the absorber parameters and analyzed. From the analysis, the values (μeff) and (εeff) were found to be negative, leaving refractive index also negative (n<0), which proved the metamaterial property. The proposed CRM absorber showed good absorption characteristics of more than 80% and also metamaterial property in the entire UWB band (4-13 GHz). Hence the absorber proves to be a good candidate in powering low power sensors/microcontrollers for internet of things (IoT) applications.
Adaptive backstepping control for ship nonlinear active fin system based on disturbance observer and neural network
Authors: Duong Nguyen Thai , Duy Nguyen Quang
Published: January 2022

Adaptive backstepping control based on disturbance observer and neural network for ship nonlinear active fin system is proposed. One disturbance observer is given to observe the disturbances of the system, by this way, the response time is shorten and the negative impact of disturbance and uncertain elements of the system is reduced. In addition, radial basic function neural network (RBFNN) is proposed to approach the unknown elements in the ship nonlinear active fin system, therefor the system can obtain good roll reduction effectiveness and overcome the uncertainties of the model, the designed controller can maintain the ship roll angle at desired value. Finally, the simulation results are given for a supply vessel to verify the successfulness of the proposed controller.
Big five personality prediction based in Indonesian tweets using machine learning methods
Authors: Maharani Warih , Effendy Veronikha
Published: January 2022

The popularity of social media has drawn the attention of researchers who have conducted cross-disciplinary studies examining the relationship between personality traits and behavior on social media. Most current work focuses on personality prediction analysis of English texts, but Indonesian has received scant attention. Therefore, this research aims to predict user’s personalities based on Indonesian text from social media using machine learning techniques. This paper evaluates several machine learning techniques, including naive Bayes (NB), K-nearest neighbors (KNN), and support vector machine (SVM), based on semantic features including emotion, sentiment, and publicly available Twitter profile. We predict the personality based on the big five personality model, the most appropriate model for predicting user personality in social media. We examine the relationships between the semantic features and the Big Five personality dimensions. The experimental results indicate that the Big Five personality exhibit distinct emotional, sentimental, and social characteristics and that SVM outperformed NB and KNN for Indonesian. In addition, we observe several terms in Indonesian that specifically refer to each personality type, each of which has distinct emotional, sentimental, and social features.
Features selection by genetic algorithm optimization with k-nearest neighbour and learning ensemble to predict Parkinson disease
Authors: Benayad Nsiri , Soumaya Zayrit , Taoufiq Belhoussine Drissi , Abdelkrim Ammoumou
Published: January 2022

Among the several ways followed for detecting Parkinson's disease, there is the one based on the speech signal, which is a symptom of this disease. In this paper focusing on the signal analysis, a data of voice records has been used. In these records, the patients were asked to utter vowels “a”, “o”, and “u”. Discrete wavelet transforms (DWT) applied to the speech signal to fetch the variable resolution that could hide the most important information about the patients. From the approximation a3 obtained by Daubechies wavelet at the scale 2 level 3, 21 features have been extracted: a linear predictive coding (LPC), energy, zero-crossing rate (ZCR), mel frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC), and wavelet Shannon entropy. Then for the classification, the K-nearest neighbour (KNN) has been used. The KNN is a type of instance-based learning that can make a decision based on approximated local functions, besides the ensemble learning. However, through the learning process, the choice of the training features can have a significant impact on overall the process. So, here it stands out the role of the genetic algorithm (GA) to select the best training features that give the best accurate classification.
Legitimacy, trust and legal cynicism: a review of concepts
Authors: Oliveira Thiago R. , Jackson Jonathan
Published: January 2022

We review the concepts of legitimacy,  trust, and legal cynicism in the context the debate about police legitimacy,  discuss the extent to which these  concepts relate to each other, and  offer some early, speculative thoughts  on a how relational model of  legitimacy can extend beyond  procedural justice concerns. Relying  upon procedural justice theory, we  emphasise the distinction between police legitimacy and legitimation:  popular legitimacy is defined as public  beliefs that legal authority has the  right to rule (people acknowledge the oral appropriateness of legal  authority) and the authority to govern (people recognise legal authority as  the rightful authority), whereas legitimation is related to the criteria people use to judge the normative appropriateness of legal agents’ exercise of power (e.g., the extent to which police officers are trustworthy to behave in accordance with people’s normative expectations). Building on studies on legal cynicism and legal socialisation, we consider how other aspects of police conduct can send negative relational messages about people’s value within society and undermine their judgements about the legitimacy of legal authority – messages of oppression,  marginalisation, and neglect over the life course. We conclude suggesting avenues for future research on public-police relations.
Vivências maternas e autismo: os primeiros indicadores de TEA e a relação mãe e filho
Authors: Pascalicchio Mariana Ledier , Alcântara Kelly Cristina Garcia de Macêdo , Pegoraro Luiz Fernando Longuim
Published: January 2022

Mães de filhos com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) tendem a vivenciar diversos desafios na maternidade. Este estudo qualitativo tem como objetivo compreender as vivências maternas e as experiências com os primeiros indicadores de TEA. Seis mães com filhos diagnosticados com TEA responderam um questionário sociodemográfico e uma entrevista semiestruturada. Notou-se que mesmo antes do diagnóstico as mães percebiam que algo não ia bem com o bebê, havendo sobrecarga materna com os inúmeros cuidados que os filhos necessitam e que a rede de apoio é de extrema importância. Contudo, a intervenção precoce é relevante e pode contribuir de forma positiva com a relação mãe e bebê e sua subjetividade antes de um diagnóstico e o TEA implica em cuidados não somente com a criança, mas também ao seu cuidador principal.
Women on the Move in the New Testament
Authors: Solevåg Anna Rebecca
Published: January 2022

This article discusses the relation between gender and migration in the New Testament. Six cases of women on the move are presented: Mary, the mother of Jesus; the women in the Jesus movement; three women from the first generation of Christ-believers, Prisca, Lydia and Phoebe; and the unnamed slave woman from Acts 16:16. It is argued that these cases reveal a variety of causes for migration and also depict women who are quite different when it comes to social location and power. The article also discusses the importance of migrant networks in the first century, including religious networks such as the Jewish diaspora. It is argued that women played a key role in the migrant networks presented in New Testament texts.
Reflections on Oppression, Domination, and The Humble Cosmopolitan
Authors: Lee Fred
Published: January 2022

This brief response to The Humble Cosmopolitan centers on Luis Cabrera’s defense of an individualistic conception of trans-state democracy against illiberal nationalist claims of self-determination. While I acknowledge the force of Cabrera’s critique as applied to “dominant” nationalisms and similar group-based dominations, I am curious as to how far Cabrera’s critique can accommodate “subaltern” nationalisms and related claims to group autonomy. The latter, I imply, can be defended on both instrumental and intrinsic grounds. Regarding the book’s analytic framework, I am curious as to how far Cabrera’s concepts of cosmopolitan humility and national-state arrogance can be reduced to concepts of global and national justice and injustice. The latter terms, I suggest, are at least partial substitutes for the former.
The Authoritarian Temptation, and Its Radical Left Expressions
Authors: Whitehead Laurence
Published: January 2022

No political regime can be entirely immune from authoritarian temptations. This article focuses on the distinctive sources and dynamics that apply to post-revolutionary regimes. To prevail in bringing about radical and irreversible change they will require an effective security apparatus that overcomes the backlash that will arise from the previous order. These security requirements provide the first source of authoritarian temptation, but there are three more. Once the regime is firmly established the new rulers can choose what restraints on their conduct to accept. It is tempting to dispense with healthy channels of feedback. Moreover, even the most successful of revolutionary regimes polarise opinion between the old order and the new. And when material hardships arise loyalty may be rewarded above market rationality. In conjunction these amount to a serious set of authoritarian temptations. But there are also some countervailing considerations. A durably successful radical regime must counterbalance the requirements for unity and discipline against the need for creativity and adaptability. Initial emancipatory ambitions may be updated and renewed in order to inspire future generations and legitimise the revolutionary process. Such regimes can seesaw between authoritarian and empowering tendencies, rather than relying on repression alone to keep them in existence. Their legitimation strategy will contain three main components: i) reaffirming and updating their emancipatory origins; ii) downplaying/excusing any authoritarian “deviations”; iii) projecting future prospects for inclusionary development.
Latin American Populist Authoritarian Inclusion
Authors: de la Torre Carlos
Published: January 2022

This article discusses how scholars have analyzed left populist governments in Latin America that include the previously excluded on the condition of their loyalty to the leader. It shows how different normative understandings of democracy have allowed the classification of populism as democratizing, a risk to democracy that could lead to competitive authoritarianism, or a sui generis combination of inclusion and authoritarianism. The paper distinguishes inclusion from democratization, and populists seeking power, from populists in governments, and populist regimes. It argues that the notion of polarized populist democracies captures better their autocratic and inclusionary practices. Populists maintain a commitment to elections hence selectively preserving rights to pluralism, free expression, and association. At the same time, they are authoritarian because populist leaders assume that they embody the people and consider that a section of the population represents the people as a whole, and that their mission is to redeem the people.
Recalibrating Our Levels of Analysis: Working towards Islamic Democracy from the Ground-Up
Authors: Kaminski Joseph J.
Published: January 2022

This review article aims to challenge Andrew March’s pessimism regarding the possibility of Islamic democracy in the modern world. It will argue that instead of conceptualizing the possibilities for Islamic democracy in a top-down manner, rooted in the language and imaginary of sovereignty, discussions about Islamic democracy ought to first focus on more empirically measurable and less theologically controversial things such as economic development, educational achievement, institutional functionality, and good governance. Such an approach removes the need for future Islamic political theorizing to be post-sovereigntist and/or post-statist as March contends. Instead, the future of Islamic political theorizing needs to actually be ‘political,’ addressing the same policy and administrative issues that any other form of contemporary democratic political thought aims to address.
Grounded Normative Theory and Intersectional Differences
Authors: Behl Natasha
Published: January 2022

This article focuses on the promise of grounded normative theory in Luis Cabrera’s The Humble Cosmopolitan. The article celebrates Cabrera’s use of grounded normative theory as a way to center the lived experience of politically marginalized groups while also being attentive to the politics of knowledge production. My concern is not with the methodology itself; rather, it is with Cabrera’s partial use of it. I ask, how might the analysis of the book change if the author considered different intellectual histories of citizenship rooted in feminist and critical approaches? How might the theoretical assumptions and justifications of the book change if the author challenged his own assumptions, especially as they relate to the epistemic authority of Dalit women?
Discovery of coprolites in an Early Permian fern mesophyll
Authors: ZHOU WEI-MING , WAN MING-LI , PŠENIČKA JOSEF , WANG JUN
Published: January 2022

Plants and arthropods interact with each other and constitute an important part of the modern terrestrial ecosystem (Schoonhoven et al., 2005). Historically, fossil records of plant-arthropod interactions have been well documented in Paleozoic terrestrial ecosystems, which were evidenced by large coprolites containing various plant fragments (e.g., Salter et al., 2012), small larvae and coprolites remained in plant organs (e.g., Feng et al., 2017), and diverse functional feeding groups discovered on plant stems, rachises, roots, leaves and fertile organs (e.g., Liu et al., 2020).