bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CYCLOGRAMS OF THE ST-25 HALL THRUSTER STARTING
Authors: Alekseenko Oleksandr , Andrey Kashaba , Maslov Viktor , Petrenko Olexandr
Published: March 2022

The results of the start sequence diagram selection and experimental tests of the ST-25 Hall thruster intended for using on small spacecraft are presented. In order to reduce the mass and dimensions of the power processing unit of the propulsion system, it is proposed to exclude the hollow cathode keeper power supply from the structure of the power processing unit. The exclusion of the keeper power supply from the power processing unit made it necessary to select the thruster start sequence diagram. Four start sequence diagrams of the ST-25 Hall thruster start-up are considered: a) using a separate high voltage power supply for the hollow cathode keeper; b) using a separate low voltage power supply for the hollow cathode keeper; c) using a discharge power supply connected to the keeper through a high-resistance resistor to the hollow cathode keeper; d) connecting the keeper of the hollow cathode to the discharge power supply through an electronic switch with the possibility of adjusting the duration of the keeper connection to the discharge power supply. The graphs of changes in the thruster’s currents and voltages for various power supply circuits of the hollow cathode keeper are presented. The results of the choice of the start sequence diagram for the Hall engine ST-25 and the experimental studies carried out have shown that the use of an electronic switch with a steep pulse front makes it possible to obtain a reliable thruster start-up when a separate power supply for the keeper is excluded from the power processing unit of the propulsion system. As a result of the work carried out, it became possible to place the power processing unit for a propulsion system based on the ST-25 thruster in a volume of 2U. The possibility of using ST-25 thruster on spacecraft, the onboard electrical power of which is limited up to 200 W were confirmed.
СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН І ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНОЇ ДОСКОНАЛОТІ ЛОПАТЕВИХ НАСОСІВ
Authors: Nazarenko G. , Filipenko P. , Deshevykh S. , Mitikov U.
Published: March 2022

Однією з найважливіших проблем XXI століття є проблема енергозбереження. Вона охоплює всі сфери життєдіяльності людини. Використання енергозберігаючого насосного обладнання не є виключенням. Насоси різних типів і самих різноманітних конструкцій широко використовуються у загальному машино будівництві, військовій і авіо-космічній промисловості. Забезпечення високого ККД насосові є однією з найважливіших складових всього спектра проблем енергозбереження. Результати проведеного дослідження показали, що роботи зі збільшення ККД вельми актуальні. Вони ведуться у всіх галузях промисловості і для всіх типів насосів. Збільшення ККД проводиться по наступним напрямам: розробка нових математичних моделей, які описують більш детально фізичну картину робочого процесу для кожного конкретного типу насоса; використання сучасних розрахунково-обчислювальних програм типу ANSIS. Але у сучасних літературних джерелах недостатньо широко розкрите питання по підвищенню ККД шнековідцентрових насосів ТНА РРД верхніх ступені РН. Тому проведення таких досліджень вельми актуальне а їх результати будуть затребуванні у науковому світі. Відсутній комплексний підхід по визначенню шляхів підвищення ККД шнековідцентрових насосів ТНА РРД верхніх ступені РН. В свою чергу високий ККД агрегатів системи подачі забезпечить високий питомий імпульс РРД верхніх ступенів РН. А від ниоьго в значній мірі залежить маса корисного вантажу який виводить РН. Необхідно провести компчексне експериментально-теоретичне досліджєння в ході якого будуть розробленні методичні засоби, які дозволяють за короткий час і з високою точністю підвищити ККД шнековідцентрових насосів ТНА РРД верхніх ступені РН.
GENERAL CASE OF LIQUID MOTION IN A POROUS RADIAL CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
Authors: Katrenko Mikhaylo Oleksandrovich , Panchenko Arkadiy Andreevich , Eliseyev Vladimir Ivanovich
Published: March 2022

Prospects and increasing use of porous structures in the design of fuel supply units for aircraft engines determines the importance, relevance and necessity of theoretical research aimed at creating a mathematical model of the motion of viscous, incompressible fluid in rotating porous bodies. A system of equations of motion describing the movement of a fluid in a porous wheel in a polar coordinate system is considered. Due to the great difficulties of analytical determination of the mass force of resistance in the model, it is assumed that it consists of the force of frictional resistance and the force of pressure resistance. A system of equations describing the motion of a fluid in a porous wheel is written in the polar coordinate system under the assumption that the change in the parameters of the fluid along the angle of rotation does not occur. In the laminar mode of motion, the filtration characteristics are expressed in the form of symmetric tensors of the second rank. The mass force of frictional resistance in the case of a turbulent mode of motion takes into account the accepted law of resistance. The action of the pressure gradient from the centrifugal forces during the motion of the fluid in the rotating porous wheel and the anisotropic properties of the porous element are taken as obtained during the motion of the fluid in a stationary sample. Therefore, from previous experimental studies, only the mass force of frictional resistance is taken into account, and the force of pressure resistance is taken into account in the equations. The equation connecting the static pressure of the fluid with the angular velocity of rotation and the geometrical parameters of the porous impeller and the gap is obtained.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ТОПОЛОГІЧНОЇ ОПТИМІЗАЦІЇ СИЛОВИХ ЕЛЕМЕНТІВ РРД, ВИГОТОВЛЕНИХ АДИТИВНИМИ ТЕХНОЛОГІЯМИ
Authors: Bondarenko O. , Vekilov S. , Tkachov Y. , Marchan R.
Published: March 2022

На сьогоднішній день ракетно-космічна техніка виходить на новий рівень. Розвиток адитивних технологій та використання нових матеріалів для 3Д-друку позитивно впливають на галузь в цілому. Дуже стрімко зростає конкуренція на сучасному ринку виробів ракетно-космічної техніки, тому значна більшість космічних компаній (державних та приватних), наприклад RocketLab, SpaceX, Firefly Aerospace, FlightControl Propulsion, BlueOrigin та інші все більше використовують 3Д-друковані вироби та деталі. 3Д-друк значно прискорює час виготовлення тих чи інших виробів, що вкрай необхідно при великому серійному виробництві. Також  з розвитком адитивних технологій відкрились більші можливості для створення нетипових геометричних форм тих чи інших деталей. Адитивні технології мають декілька способів виготовлення (одним з таких способів є SLM (Selective Laser Melting), за допомогою якого було виготовлено оптимізований кронштейн). В роботі наведено принцип топологічної оптимізації, на прикладі одного кронштейна. Наведена схема алгоритму при виконанні топологічної оптимізації. Описано сам процес топологічної оптимізації, тобто показаний повний цикл. Приведено головний принцип SIMP-методу. На основі отриманого проміжного результату проведено міцністний аналіз (з використанням методу кінцевих елементів (МКЕ)) кронштейна до і після топологічної оптимізації для різних розрахункових випадків (навантаження осьовою стискальною силою, навантаження квазістатичними перевантаженнями), де був визначений кінцевий варіант конструкції. Дана конструкція пройшла ряд статичних випробувань (в умовах реальної роботи) і успішно себе проявила в роботі на виробі, де і передбачалося цільове призначення.
DISTINCTIVE FEATURES OF SLM TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION FOR MANUFACTURING OF LPRE COMPONENTS
Authors: Vekilov Samir Shamsievich , Lipovskyi Volodymyr Ivanovich , Marchan Roman Anatolevich , Bondarenko Oleg Evgenevich
Published: March 2022

In view of the growing competition in the modern market for rocket and space technology products, the issue of maximizing the cost reduction of the process of its production is urgent. In particular, the rocket engine is traditionally one of the costliest and technologically demanding rocket units, which basically reduces the problem of reducing the cost of rocket production to the development of new, more technologically advanced and less costly, approaches to manufacturing LPRE components. Thus, it is of increased interest to use a relatively young method for producing parts by layer-by-layer melting of thin layers of metal powder by exposing it to high-power laser radiation. This method is a part of the methods of additive technologies and is called SLM (Selective Laser Melting). In order to assess the influence of the main features of the production of components, the study of hydraulic channels manufactured with the additive SLM technology was carried out, and a load-bearing element of the fastening structure was manufactured which geometry was obtained by applying topological optimization methods. The aim of the work is to determine the main hydraulic characteristics of inner channels of typical LPRE’s elements, as well as the limits of the technology applicability in terms of liquid-propellant rocket engines. The possibility of manufacturing elements, including hydraulic paths, was investigated: regeneratively cooled cylinders, throat inserts of a liquid-propellant engine, as well as experimental designs of film cooling rings were adapted to be produced by means of SLM. The possibility of producing thrust frame, the shape of which was obtained by the method of topological optimization, was investigated. Samples of designs of typical hydraulic channels, as well as the constituent elements of the design of the rocket engine chambers, were manufactured. The main hydraulic characteristics of the typical hydraulic channels, as well as the distinctive features of their production using the method of additive technologies SLM, were determined. The thrust frame, which geometry was obtained by means of topology optimization, was successfully manufactured.
МЕТОДИКА ВИБОРУ ДВИГУНІВ-МАХОВИКІВ КОСМІЧНИХ АПАРАТІВ ДЛЯ ПРОВЕДЕННЯ СТЕРЕОЗЙОМКИ
Authors: Grebenkina Е. , Larin V. , Kulabukhov А.
Published: March 2022

Розглядається задача визначення динамічних параметрів кутового руху КА ДЗЗ для забезпечення процесу проведення стереозйомки об'єктів на Землі на 1 витку і вибір вимог до двигунів-маховиків (ДМ). Процес стереозйомки об'єкта може здійснюватися за кілька витків, при цьому істотно знижується оперативність одержуваної інформації, а може відбуватися і протягом одного витка. При проведенні зйомки протягом одного витка і малих допустимих кутах розвороту КА в методиках не наводиться яким чином визначається час переорієнтації в залежності від орбіти КА. Припустимо також, що при підльоті до об'єкта КА зорієнтований щодо надира під кутом β і має відповідну кутову швидкість, що забезпечує його рух по орбіті з заданим кутом відхилення від надира по орбіті, тобто попередньо орієнтований для проведення першої зйомки. Зазвичай кут β вибирають в межах 10 – 15о. При збільшенні цього кута з-за зміни дальності до об'єкта виявляються труднощі з обробки інформації та її масштабування. Розроблено методичне забезпечення щодо вибору ДМ КА на проектних стадіях, що враховує характеристики КА, висоту орбіти і допустимі кути стереозйомки, і дозволяє здійснювати режим стереозйомки на одному витку. Встановлено залежності між керуючим моментом ДМ, характеристиками КА і кутами його розвороту в процесі стереозйомки. Розроблено рекомендації щодо вибору ДМ для здійснення режиму стереозйомки на одному витку. Проведено моделювання процесу кутового руху КА в процесі стереозйомки, завдяки якому оцінені зміни вимог до вибору ДМ для різних КА, різних орбіт і різних допустимих кутів стереозйомки.
ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ СТУПЕНЮ ВПЛИВУ ЗЛЕДЕНІННЯ НА ЛІТАЛЬНИЙ АПАРАТ
Authors: Alekseyenko S.
Published: March 2022

В певних льотних умовах переохолоджені краплі води, що містяться в хмарах, можуть замерзати, потрапляючи на аеродинамічні поверхні літальних апаратів. Крижані нарости, які в результаті цього утворюються, можуть мати істотний вплив на аеродинаміку літака, змінюючи шорсткість поверхні та її форму. Але питання визначення ступеню негативного впливу зледеніння на літальний апарат, який має певні компоновку, аеродинамічну форму і розміри в певних метеорологічних та льотних умовах, є досить складним і все ще залишається далеким від завершення. В роботі запропоновано та проілюстровано методику визначення ступеню негативного впливу зледеніння на літальний апарат, яка знаходиться у відповідності до нормативної документації та існуючої системи визначень умов зледеніння, та дозволяє враховувати як конфігурацію і розміри літального апарату, так і метеорологічні та льотні умови. Методика заснована на розробленому програмно-методичному забезпеченні, яка  дозволяє чисельно моделювати процеси обмерзання аеродинамічних поверхонь літальних апаратів. При описі повітряно-крапельного потоку і процесу випадіння вологи на обтічну поверхню використано модель взаємопроникних середовищ, а при описі процесу наростання криги – методика, що базується на рівняннях нерозривності і збереження енергії. На прикладі профілю NACA 0012 проведено дослідження впливу зледеніння на літальний апарат в широкому діапазоні льотних і метеорологічних параметрів, результати розрахунків представлені у вигляді чотирипараметричних номограм. Наведена систематизація результатів дозволить швидко аналізувати небезпеку зледеніння за запланованим маршрутом польоту в відомих метеорологічних умовах, а також під час польоту з використанням поточних даних стану атмосфери, виробляти рекомендації щодо зміни плану польоту. Методика може бути доповнена детальним врахуванням впливу зледеніння на аеродинамічні характеристики, стійкість та керованість літального апарату.
WATER PURIFICATION IN SPACE CONDITIONS
Authors: Dolina Leonid Fedorovich , Nahorna Olena Kostiantynivna , Zhdan Yuliia Oleksandrivna , Dolyna Dmytro Andriyovich
Published: March 2022

The life support system of the International Space Station must include the provision of drinking water to the crew and the treatment and disposal of wastewater. The cost of water delivery to the ISS is very high, so it is necessary to improve the technological schemes of wastewater treatment in space in order to reuse water in a complete closed cycle. The studies were performed based on the analysis of Ukrainian and foreign scientific sources and reporting data on the specifics of water use at space stations and the treatment methods of the used waters (wastewaters). In addition to international experience, our own research was used to develop a technology for wastewater treatment in space. The authors of the article analyzed the operation of existing wastewater treatment facilities in space and made recommendations for their use at the ISS. The developed technology for the treatment of wastewater and drinking water in zero-gravity (space) is based on the use of various reactors. They can be made of various materials (metal, plastic, etc.); they do not contain non-standard equipment that requires factory manufacturing. Compactness, complete tightness and small dimensions of bio- and physicochemical reactors allow them to be installed within the ISS. The cleaning process is easy to manage and can be fully automated. Water problems are central to the whole world, including in space. The ISS should have a system for the wastewater treatment and their closed use, since the supply of new water to stations significantly increases the cost of space exploration. Quality water is the health and well-being of people in space. Since there is no gravity in space, centrifugal forces (centrifuges) must be used to separate suspended particles from water. A comprehensive review of the issues related to wastewater treatment in space, allows us to conclude that it is necessary to regenerate water at International space stations (ISS). Indeed, to ensure the life support of the astronauts, a colossal amount of water is required, and its delivery to the ISS from the Earth is expensive.
Transcatheter mitral valve edge-to-edge repair in patients with severe mitral regurgitation: data from the MitraClip Russia Trial
Authors: Imaev T. E. , Komlev A. E. , Kuchin I. V. , Saidova M. A. , Kolegaev A. S. , Makeev M. I. , Salichkin D. V. , Lepilin P. M. , Margolina A. A. , Boytsov S. A. , Akchurin R. S.
Published: March 2022

Aim. To study the immediate and short-term outcomes of transcatheter mitral valve edge-to-edge repair with the MitraClip NT in patients with severe mitral regurgitation as part of the MitraClip Russia prospective single-center study.

Material and methods. The study included 16 patients (men, 10; women, 6) with mean age of 70,1±2,1 years (mean Euroscore II, 6,90±5,56%; STS, 6,33±3,94%). Immediate technical success was defined as successful access, delivery, and removal of the device, and adequate placing the clip(s) to reduce the mitral regurgitation to grade 2 or below without the need for device- or procedure-related reintervention.

Results. Immediate technical success was achieved in all patients. The average number of implanted clips per 1 patient was 1,7. In 1 patient (6,3%), a clip was attached to one mitral leaflet, which required an non-scheduled implantation of a second clip. In hospital mortality was 6,3%: a 92-year-old patient on the 3rd day after the operation had a sudden cardiac arrest followed by coma, hemispheric ischemic stroke and death on the 6th day. An autopsy revealed an iatrogenic atrial septal defect. Echocardiography performed on the 10th and 30th day after surgery showed a decrease in mitral regurgitation grade in 15 patients, while grade 3 residual mitral regurgitation did not reveal in any patient.

Conclusion. Transcatheter mitral valve edge-to-edge repair with the MitraClip is a minimally invasive method for treating severe symptomatic mitral regurgitation (degenerative and functional). The results demonstrate high immediate efficacy and an acceptable safety profile in high surgical risk patients. Based on the analysis of death causes, the authors conclude that it is necessary to include initial pulmonary hypertension above 75 mm Hg as a relative contraindication to this procedure. The study limitations are the small sample size and short follow-up period.
Coronary flow reserve in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Mochula A. V. , Kop’eva K. V. , Maltseva A. N. , Grakova E. V. , Gulya M. O. , Gusakova А. M. , Zavadovsky K. V.
Published: March 2022

Aim. To study the parameters of myocardial blood flow (MBF) and coronary flow reserve (CFR) in patients with heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction and evaluate their relationship with the severity of HF.

Material and methods. The study included 47 patients (men, 68,7%) aged 65,0 (58,0; 72,0) years with left ventricular ejection fraction of 62 (56; 67)% and coronary artery stenosis <50%. Serum levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) were assessed by enzyme immunoassay. MBF and CFR values were assessed using cardiac single photon emission computed tomography.

Results. Depending on NT-proBNP levels, the patients were divided into 2 groups (p<0,001): the 1st group included (n=15) patients with NT-proBNP <125 pg/ml (58,2 [41,6; 70,7] pg/ml), while in the 2nd group (n=32) — with NT-proBNP ≥125 pg/ml (511,4 [249,8; 1578,1] pg/ml). The group of patients with high NTproBNP levels was characterized by higher values (by 33,8%, p=0,0001) of resting MBF and reduced CFR (by 14,7%, p=0,001) compared with patients with normal NT-proBNP level: resting MBF — 0,65 (0,44; 0,79) vs 0,43 (0,30; 0,58) ml/min/g; CFR — 2,21 (1,52; 2,83) vs 2,59 (2,47; 3,05), respectively. At the same time, MBF at stress did not differ between the groups. The relationship of NTproBNP levels with global CFR (p=0,012; r=-0,339) and MBF at rest (p=0,012; r=0,322) was established. A stepwise decrease in global CFR was revealed depending on the NYHA class as follows (p<0,001): 2,79 (2,52; 2,93); 1,8 (1,55; 2,08); 1,31 (1,23; 1,49) — for class I, II, and III, respectively.

Conclusion. A decrease in CFR in patients with HF with preserved ejection fraction indicates impaired myocardial blood supply, which, in this group of patients, is associated with microcirculatory changes. At the same time, the severity of MBF alterations is closely related to HF severity.
Pharmacoepidemiological analysis of routine management of heart failure patients in the Russian Federation. Part II
Authors: Nedogoda S. V. , Lopatin Yu. M. , Arkhipov M. V. , Galyavich A. S. , Koziolova N. A. , Lozhkina N. G. , Reznik E. V. , Salasyuk A. S. , Frolov M. Yu. , Chesnikova A. I. , Chumachek E. V. , Shpagina L. A.
Published: March 2022

Aim. To assess the healthcare system costs for the management of patients with heart failure (HF) based on a retrospective analysis of primary medical documentation.

Material and methods. We performed the analysis of outpatient records of 1000 patients, followed up for 1 year by a general practitioner or cardiologist in ambulatory clinic in 7 Russian regions. The assessment of the HF socioeconomic burden was carried out from the perspective of the state. A bottom-up approach was applied to the cost analysis. To calculate the average costs per patient per year, the costs for each patient were calculated, followed by estimation for the entire cohort. Direct costs (medical: outpatient care, inpatient care, drug therapy; nonmedical: disability pensions and temporary disability) and indirect costs (loss of gross domestic product) were estimated.

Results. It was shown that the average cost of managing 1 HF patient is RUB 160338 per year. The cost of drug therapy varied significantly depending on the source of funding. So, the total therapy cost was about RUB 90000 per year, while within the drug assistance programs — about RUB 7000 per year. Thus, the proportion of drug therapy in cost pattern per patient from the state’s perspective was only 4,7%, while the maximum costs were for inpatient care (45,5%), stay in intensive care units (16,4%) and disability payments (21,6%). The direct costs for HF therapy, with the exception of drug therapy (examination, inpatient and outpatient treatment), averages RUB 108291 per year. The total direct nonmedical and indirect costs per HF patient per year were about RUB 44519 per year. It should be noted that the rehabilitation costs were not included in the calculation.

Conclusion. Taking into account the significant burden of HF on the Russian healthcare system, the growing costs of healthcare and the increase in life expectancy, prevention and treatment of HF should be improved. The development of a HF centers’ network, creating a seamless system of HF care, as well as improving the availability of medication therapy and the inpatient management of patients can improve the healthcare quality for HF patients in Russia.
Hemodynamics at different levels of salt intake in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy of different age groups
Authors: Poteshkina N. G. , Krylova N. S. , Maslova M. Y. , Kovalevskaya E. A. , Svanadze A. M. , Selivanova G. B.
Published: March 2022

Aim. To assess the relationship between the level of salt (NaCl) consumption and clinical and hemodynamic parameters in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) of different age groups.

Material and methods. We examined 57 patients with HCM (mean age, 59,2±16,2 years). The patients were divided into groups according to the World Health Organization (WHO): I — young age (≤44 years old) — 12,4% of patients; II — middle (45-59 years old) — 37,2%; III — elderly (60–74 years old) — 36%; IV — senile (≥75 years old old) — 14,4%. The clinical status of patients was assessed, during which special attention was paid to syncope not related to cardiac arrhythmias. NaCl intake was assessed by the 24-hour urine sodium (Na+) level.

Results. In the general cohort, in Na+ level <50 mmol/day, the lowest left ventricular stroke volume (LVSV) index was observed, which were associated with syncope (r=-0,9, p=0,03). With the urinary sodium level of 50-70 mmol/day, an increase in LVSV index was observed and the absence of syncope. At Na+ level more than 70 mmol/day, no increase in LVSV index was observed. In this regard, a predictive model was created, as a result of which it was found that with an increase in Na+ consumption by 1 mmol/day, an increase in LVSV index by 0,3 ml/m2 should be expected. There were no significant differences in the effect of NaCl intake on the studied parameters in patients with HCM of different ages. At the same time, low NaCl intake in elderly patients was associated with syncope.

Conclusion. Minimal values of Na+ intake (<50 mmol/day or NaCl 3 g/day) were found, which are unfavorable for patients with HCM due to the risk syncope. The 24-hour urine sodium level to maintain a hemodynamically safe level of LVSV index in patients with HCM should be more than 70 mmol/day (NaCl 4,1 g/day). Monitoring of Na+ consumption level is especially important in elderly people with HCM.
Integral assessment of congestion in patients with acute decompensated heart failure
Authors: Kobalava Zh. D. , Tolkacheva V. V. , Sarlykov B. K. , Cabello F. E. , Bayarsaikhan M. , Diane M. L. , Safarova A. F. , Vatsik-Gorodetskaya M. V.
Published: March 2022

Aim. To assess the prognostic value of the integral assessment using various modern methods for diagnosing congestion in patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF).

Material and methods. This single-center prospective study included 165 patients with ADHF. All patients underwent a standard clinical and paraclinical examination, including assessing NT-proBNP levels, lung ultrasound B-lines, liver transient elastography, bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) at admission and discharge. To assess clinical congestion, the Heart Failure Association consensus document scale was used. Long-term clinical outcomes were assessed by telephone survey 1, 3, 6, 12 months after discharge. As an end point, the allcause mortality and readmissions were estimated.

Results. In patients hospitalized with ADHF, at discharge, differences were found in the incidence of residual congestion according to certain paraclinical methods — from 22 to 38%, subclinical — from 14,5 to 27%. When using the integral assessment of stagnation, the incidence of residual and subclinical congestion was 53,6% and 35%, respectively. Patients with residual congestion had more severe symptoms of congestion, compared with those with subclinical congestion. Patients in whom congestion was detected by 4 methods, in contrast to those by 1, 2, and 3 methods, had worse clinical and paraclinical parameters. There was a significant increase in the risk of all-cause mortality and readmission in the presence of congestion, identified by 3 (hazard ratio, 9,4 (2,2-40,6); p<0,001) and 4 methods (hazard ratio, 15,2 (3,3-68,1); p<0,001).

Conclusion. For patients hospitalized with ADHF, integral assessment of residual and subclinical congestion at should be performed at discharge. The introduction of an integral assessment of congestion into routine practice will allow to identify a group of patients with more unfavorable prognostic characteristics in relation to the risk of death and readmissions, as well as to intensify drug therapy and followup at the outpatient stage.
Comprehensive physical rehabilitation of patients with heart failure: impact on clinical and functional status and analysis of problems related to the enrollment
Authors: Begrambekova Yu. L. , Karanadze N. A. , Plisyuk A. G. , Orlova Ya. A.
Published: March 2022

Aim. To evaluate functional, clinical and psychological status of patients with class II-III heart failure, who underwent comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation program.

Material and methods. Patients of both sexes with class II-III heart failure who met the inclusion criteria, did not have the exclusion criteria, and signed informed consent were included. The training process consisted of a 4-week respiratory muscle (RM) training using the THRESHOLD® IMT breathing trainer followed by a 12-week moderate intensity aerobic exercise (AE). AE were conducted under the supervision of an instructor 3 times a week for 40 minutes. RM training was carried out by patients at home on their own 5-7 times a week. Minnesota Living With Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLwHFQ.23) was used to assess quality of life. In addition, we applied Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The evaluation was performed before the start of the study (visit 1), after 4 weeks of respiratory training (visit 2) and at the end of 16 weeks of AE (visit 3). The baseline characteristics of patients who were screened and not enrolled in the study were compared with those who participated in training.

Results. A total of 102 patients were included in the study (passed the first visit). Subsequently, for various reasons, including due to the pandemic, 82 patients refused to participate in the study. Only 20 patients participated in RM training for 4 weeks followed by a 12-week cycle of moderate-intensity AR (median age, 67,0 (58,7-74,3) years; men, 70%; Δ peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) (1-2) =1,1, p=0,3863; ΔVO2 peak (1-3) =2,3 ml/kg/min, p=0,139. During 16-week training, we revealed an increase in expiratory muscle strength (EMS) (ΔEMS =10 cmH2O (p=0,037), six-minute walk test (6MWT) (Δ6MTX=60 meters, p=0,005), and SHOKS score (p=0,0117), as well as improvement in anxiety and depression symptoms (ΔHADS =-2 points, p=0,0346). Patients who refused to be included in the study were older, had lower blood pressure, and had a worse quality of life. The groups did not differ significantly in other clinical, functional and laboratory parameters.

Conclusion. Patients’ motivation to exercise was associated with younger age and better subjective health perception and did not depend on objective status. In patients undergoing a comprehensive rehabilitation program, there was a significant change in RM strength, as well as an increase in 6MWT distance, clinical and psychological status already at the stage of respiratory training. This trend continued at the AE stage as well.
Summary of updates to the 2021 European Society of Cardiology Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure
Authors: Larina V. N. , Skiba I. K. , Skiba A. S.
Published: March 2022

The article provides a summary of the 2021 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure (CHF). The most significant changes for general practitioners, internists and primary care cardiologists, from our point of view, regards etiology, terminology, as well as algorithms for diagnosing and treating CHF in accordance with phenotypes, new indications to a number of drugs, in particular sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors (dapagliflozin and empagliflozin) with assignment of class I recommended therapy and vericiguat. The article discusses the diagnostic criteria for different heart failure phenotypes, the potential of treating patients with heart failure mildly reduced and preserved ejection fraction.
Neurotrophins in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular dysfunction
Authors: Andreeva E. M. , Goncharova N. S. , Mikhailov E. N. , Moiseeva O. M.
Published: March 2022

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a pathophysiological and hemodynamic condition that complicates the course of various diseases and negatively affects morbidity and mortality. The search for the new pathophysiological mechanisms for PH development and progression, the markers for predicting the PH course, and the possible targets for therapy remains relevant. This review is devoted to the role of neurotrophin (NT) system in PH pathogenesis, the possible use of NT and their receptors as a laboratory marker of its severity, and also as a potential target for influencing the pulmonary artery remodeling in PH. In addition, the participation of NTs in neoangiogenesis and restoration of nervous and muscle tissues was described.
Risk factors and diagnostic value of urinary N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide for verification of heart failure in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients
Authors: Goryacheva O. G. , Koziolova N. A.
Published: March 2022

Aim. To determine the risk factors and diagnostic value of urinary N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) for verification of heart failure in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients

Material and methods. This cross-sectional screening clinical trial included 115 HIV-infected patients who were hospitalized during 24 months. The patients were divided into 2 groups, depending on the data suggestive of HF and the blood and urinary NT-proBNP concentration. So, group 1 included 69 HIV-infected patients with HF symptoms and increased blood and urinary NTproBNP, while group 2 — 46 HIV-infected patients not meeting HF criteria. NTproBNP concentration was determined on Immulite 1000 Immunoassay System (DPC, USA) in blood plasma and frozen urine using Vector Best reagents (Russia).

Results. Correlation analysis revealed a significant direct moderate correlation between blood and urinary NT-proBNP in the entire cohort of studied patients (r=0,367; p<0,05). Urinary NT-proBNP ≥8,6 pg/ml ml is diagnostic for HF verification in HIV-infected patients. Significant differences between the groups were obtained in the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias, viral hepatitis B and C, liver cirrhosis, infective endocarditis, other inflammatory diseases, thrombocytopenia, left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction and its severity. In addition, there were differences in LV mass index, left atrial volume index, incidence of LV hypertrophy and left atrial enlargement, concentration of hemoglobin and CD4 cells <200 in 1 µl. The preserved LV ejection fraction was detected significantly more often (p<0,001). Conclusion. In HIV-infected patients, blood plasma and urinary NT-proBNP concentration correlates with each other. Urinary NT-proBNP ≥8,6 pg/ml is diagnostic for HF verification in HIV-infected patients. Risk factors and features of developing HF, estimated by NT-proBNP concentration in frozen urine in HIV-infected patients, are comparable to data obtained from blood plasma NTproBNP.
Contribution of inflammation to heart failure development in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients
Authors: Koziolova N. A. , Goryacheva O. G. , Litsinger I. F.
Published: March 2022

Aim. To determine the peculiarities of heart failure (HF) development in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, depending on the blood concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP).

Material and methods. This cross-sectional screening clinical trial included 100 patients hospitalized with HIV infection and a history of HF for 28 months. The patients were divided into 2 groups depending on blood CRP concentration. The cut-off point was CRP of 15 mg/l. The first group included 37 HIV-infected patients with HF and blood CRP <15 mg/l, while the second group — 63 HIV-infected patients with HF and CRP concentration ≥15 mg/l. The inclusion criteria were HIV infection and prior HF, stable medical state, taking into account the underlying disease that required hospitalization. The study did not include patients with acute cardiovascular diseases within prior 3 months, acute decompensated and acute heart failure, cancer, infectious diseases, conditions that required surgical intervention. N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) was determined in all patients.

Results. Correlation analysis revealed a strong inverse relationship between the blood concentrations of NT-proBNP and CRP (r=-0,639; p<0,005). A ROC curve revealed the most optimal cut-off threshold of 9,8 mg/l (AUC=0,796, p<0,05), which ensures sensitivity of 92,9% (p<0,05) and specificity of 57,6% (p<0,05). The odds ratio (OR) of an increase in NT-proBNP >450 pg/ml, and hence the risk of acute decompensated HF in the presence of a CRP concentration of 1-9,8 mg/l in HIV-infected patients with HF was 44,73 (95% CI=8,62;311,10), while relative risk (RR) — 18,73 (95% CI=4,94;112,94). In the presence of in hospital inflammatory diseases and CRP ≥15 mg/l in HIV-infected patients and prior HF, the RR of acute decompensated HF is reduced by 88% (RR=0,12, 95% CI=0,03-0,33).

Conclusion. CRP values from 1 to 9,8 mg/l in HIV-infected patients with HF are predictors of its severity, characterized by a higher incidence of HF with reduced ejection fraction, diastolic dysfunction and left ventricular hypertrophy without significant differences with patients who have CRP >9,8 mg/l. CRP concentration >9,8 mg/l in HIV-infected patients and prior HF indicates the development of an inflammatory process, and not a worsening of the HF course.
Bibliometric Profile of an Emerging Journal: Participatory Educational Research
Authors: ARSLAN Rumiye , ORBAY Keziban , ORBAY Metin
Published: March 2022

“Participatory Educational Research (PER)” journal is one of the journals that contributes to the field of education and indexed in major international databases such as ERIC and Scopus. This study provides the bibliometric characteristic of the total 347 articles published in PER during the period of 2014-2021 using bibliometric analysis. Publish or Perish software to collect citation data from Google Scholar was used as an analysis instrument for the impact of the articles. It was found that short-titled articles received more citations than long-titled articles (over 2 times greater), but not statistically significant (p>0.05). On the other hand, correlation between citation and download numbers was found to be a statistically significant positive (rS=0.289 and rP=0.524; p<0.01). In the analysis of keywords and titles, it was observed that the prominent words overlapped with each other and with the purpose of journal as well. The most cited articles and the institutions contributing to national and international levels were analyzed too. It was concluded that 83.72% of the authors were in Turkey, there was no “institutional localization” among the institutions contributing at the national level and that they had achieved significant success in terms of national recognition. PER has gained significant momentum in academic standards and visibility since it first joined the umbrella organization DergiPark in 2019. It should be noted that amongst the most important points toward being open to development in the point of international recognition is the existence of contributions from Anglo-Saxon and Continental European countries, which have appeared as limited. According to the findings, it is discussed what can be done from this point onward based on basic publishing standards, publication content, national/international visibility, and citation analyses. The results can guide authors during the writing phase of studies and the editors and referees during the selection and evaluation phases.
Улучшение существующей процедуры диверсификации активов в процессе формирования инвестиционного портфеля
Authors: Косарева Екатерина Александровна
Published: March 2022

Цель: рассмотреть существующие подходы к диверсификации активов инвестиционного портфеля и предложить способы применения коэффициентов бухгалтерской отчетности к процедуре диверсификации. Обсуждение: инвестиционный портфель представляет собой инструмент фундаментального анализа. Перед инвестором ставится две цели. Первая цель – это снижение рисков, которые несет инвестор. Вторая цель – это получение ожидаемой доходности инвестиционного портфеля. Существующие подходы к диверсификации выполняют все поставленные задачи, но могут быть улучшены за счет включения в процесс диверсификации математических показателей и методов. Результаты: статья поясняет предлагаемый подход к диверсификации активов за счет дополнительного использования численных показателей.
BAHŞI SANATINA GÖSTERİLEN YÜKSEK İLGİ
Authors: MATYAKUBOV Otaxon
Published: March 2022

İşbu makalemiz UNESCO tarafından 2021 yılının 16 Aralık tarihinde düzenlenen toplantıda, Somut Olmayan Kültürler Miras’ın uluslararası jürileri tarafından “Bahşıçılık Sanatı” mevcut listeye eklenmesiyle sebebiyle yazıldı. Çalışmamızı ele almaktan önce bu sanat dalına, sanatsal anlamda katkıda bulunurken aynı zamanda tüm bunları yazıya dökerek farklı bir çalışma ile yazılı kaynağımıza da katkıda bulunmak istedim. Bununla beraber, bahşıçılık sanatı, onun tarihçesi, bahşı ozan, aşık, akın, cirav, kalfa gibi terimlerin anlam bilim ve etimolojik kökenleri bakımından incelenerek sunulmkatadır. Destanın insanları yönetebilecek veya sakinleştirebilecek olağanüstü güce sahip olması Bala bahşı Kurbannazar Abdullayev tarafından yaşanılan gerçek bir hikâye ile anlatılmıştır. Bunun dışında, Sovyet Birliği döneminde Orta Asya topraklarında bahşılar, yazarlar, şairler, öğretmenler gibi toplumun aydın kesimini yeni düşünceleri, insanların bilinçaltlarını hızlı yönetebilme yetenekleri olduğu için onları sürgün ederek cezalandırırlar. Bu aşamada Ahmet bahşı Matnazar oğlu, Haci Han Baltayev ve kardeşi Nurmuhammed Baltayev, Manğıtlı Baba Can-Böcan bala, Özbekistan Halk Bahşısı unvanına sahip Şamürat bahşının babası Toğay bahşı Mahmanov gibi birçok insanların sürgün veya yalan iftiralarla hapislerde yaşamlarının son bulması gibi vakaalar yer almaktadır. Sovyet Birliği’nden ayrılan bağımsız Özbekistan Cumhuriyeti döneminde ise destancılık ve ona gösterilen ilgi, destan sanatını geliştirmek için kurulan kamular, atalarının yeteneklerini devam ettirmek isteyen genç çocuklar için ihtisas okulları açılması, bu alanda profesyonel olmak isteyenler için üniversite ve yüksek öğretim kurumları inşa edilmiştir. Alanda önemli hizmet eden bahşı, sanatçıları ödüllendirmek için Cumhurbaşkanının tarafından verilen emirler ve hayata geçirilme süreci gibi çeşitli sanatımıza olan katkılardan kısaca bahsedilmektedir.
ERDAL ÖZ’ÜN YARALISIN ADLI ROMANINDA TOPLUMSAL BİR ‘YARA’: ŞİDDET
Authors: KÜÇÜK Tuğba
Published: March 2022

Yaralısın Erdal Öz’ün Türk siyasi tarihinde önemli bir dönüm noktası olan 12 Mart 1971 dönemini anlatan romanlarındandır. Romanda “Siyasi Suçlu” olarak gözaltına alınan bir kişinin maruz kaldığı şiddet gözler önüne serilmiştir. Yaralısın romanında şiddetle insanın nesneleştirilmesi yoluyla yok edilmesi anlatılmaktadır. Şiddet kökleri insanlık kadar eski bir davranıştır. Geride bıraktığımız yüzyılda şiddetin dozu ve biçimleri artmıştır. Biçimleri farklı olsa da şiddet, toplumun en küçük birimi aileden başlayarak her toplulukta görülmektedir. Temelinde dürtü olan şiddetin amacı çeşitlendikçe şiddet türleri ortaya çıkmıştır. Yaralısın romanında da birkaç çeşit şiddet görülmekle birlikte temelinde yaşamı yok etme, insanı nesneleştirme vardır.
Şiddetin fiziksel, cinsel, duygusal, psikolojik ve ekonomik boyutları ve türleri vardır. Temel olarak bu türler de kendi aralarında farklı alt türlere ayrılır. Yaralısın romanında fiziksel, cinsel, duygusal ve psikolojik şiddet türleri karşımıza çıkar. Psikolojik şiddetin boyutları çok katmanlıdır ve bu katmanların arasında sadizm odaklı şiddet ve kana susamışlık öne çıkar.
Bu makalede, ilk olarak insanlık tarihiyle koşut olan ve uygarlık seviyesindeki gelişime rağmen farklı biçimleriyle uygulanmaya devam eden şiddetin tanımı yapılmıştır. Genel tanımlamanın ardından, şiddet türleri kuramsal bir çerçeve ile irdelenmiştir. Yapılan şiddet bölümlemesine bağlı olarak, Yaralısın romanında güçsüz insanların var olmak için ötekileri nasıl bir nesneye dönüştürdüğü ile ilgili çözümlemeler yapılmıştır.
Rapid Run v2 Primer Rehyb v1
Authors: Chilaka Amanda , Gupta Sumeet
Published: March 2022

Switch the flowcell to another sequencer if first base fails - HiSeq
[RETRACTED] Twin Elements CBD Gummies Shark Tank Reviews v1
Authors: not provided twinelementsreviewsas
Published: March 2022

[RETRACTED]

Twin Elements CBD Gummies Shark Tank Reviews
Similarity Identification of Large-scale Biomedical Documents using Cosine Similarity and Parallel Computing
Authors: Wibowo Merlinda , Quix Christoph , Hussien Nur Syahela , Yuliansyah Herman , Adhinata Faisal Dharma
Published: March 2022

Document similarity computation is an important research topic in information retrieval, and it is a crucial issue for automatic document categorization. The similarity value is between 0 and 1, then the closest value to 1 is represented both documents is considered more relevant, vice versa. However, the large scale of textual information has created the problem of finding the relevance level between documents. Therefore, the relevance between mesh heading text in the PubMed documents is higher than the relevance of the abstract text in the PubMed documents. Furthermore, parallel computing is implemented to speed up the large-scale documents similarity identification process that automatically calculates in the PubMed application. The execution time of mesh heading is 15.447 seconds, and the timely execution of abstract is 74.191 seconds. The execution time of mesh heading is higher than abstract because abstract contains more words than mesh heading. This study has successfully identified the similarity between large-scale biomedical documents of the PubMed documents that implemented a cosine similarity algorithm. The result has shown that the cosine similarity of the mesh heading texts is higher than the abstract text in the form of a graph and table shown in the PubMed application. The cosine similarity is useful to measure the similarity between documents based on the TF*IDF calculation result.
Melanoma Classification based on Simulated Annealing Optimization in Neural Network
Authors: Kusuma Edi Jaya , Pantiawati Ika , Handayani Sri
Published: March 2022

Technology development in image processing and artificial intelligence field leads to the high demand for smart systems, especially in the health sector. Cancer is one of the diseases that has the highest mortality cases around the world. Melanoma is one of the cancer types that appear caused by high exposure to UV light. The earliest the melanoma was identified, the higher the chance the patient can be recovered. Therefore, this study carries the melanoma detection based on BPNN optimized by a simulated annealing algorithm. This research utilizes PH2 dermoscopic image data which contains 200 color digital images in BMP format. The data is processed using color feature extraction techniques to identify the characteristics of each image according to the target data. The color space extraction used includes mean RGB, HSV, CIE LAB, YCbCr, and XYZ. The evaluation result showed that the BPNN-SA method was able to increase the accuracy performance in classifying skin cancer when compared to the original BPNN method with an overall average accuracy of 84.03%.
Correlação entre a Temperatura da Pele e a Composição Corporal
Authors: Mendes Matheus Simões , Santos Isaac Silva dos , Pontel Samuel Nardello , Rosa Samir Ezequiel da , Mello Danielli
Published: March 2022

A temperatura corporal pode ser avaliada por meio da temperatura da pele utilizando a termografia infravermelha (TIV), e alguns estudos vem apresentando um importante papel do tecido adiposo no controle da temperatura corporal e sua associação com a composição corporal. O objetivo foi investigar a correlação entre a temperatura da pele, do tronco e membros superiores com a composição corporal. Foi utilizado como amostra de 29 militares, sexo masculino, militares do Exército Brasileiro, com 26,45 ± 1,70 anos. Foi realizada avaliação da composição corporal por bioimpedância InBody270, OttobonniÒ, e para temperatura da pele das regiões de interesse (ROI) dos membros superiores e tronco foi medida por meio da termografia infravermelha com câmera termográfica FLIR E75Ò. Foram empregadas técnicas de estatística descritiva e aplicada a correlação de Pearson. O nível de significância adotado foi p˂0,05. Foram encontradas correlações moderadas e fracas e positivas entre as ROI punho com massa magra e peso total (r=0,392, p=0,035 a r=0,439, p=0,017); correlações fracas negativas das ROIs pescoço, ombro, trapézio, tríceps, bíceps e flexores do cotovelo com a massa gorda (r=0,373, p=0,046 a r=0,477, p=0,015). Concluindo que existe uma correlação entre as variáveis de composição corporal massa magra e temperatura da pele nas ROIs que possuem menor percentual de gordura na amostra estudada.