bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HSBP7 Rescue of a Titin Cardiomyopathy Identified by Morphological Profiling
Authors: Chopra Anant , Pei Ruifan , Brydon Elizabeth , Lee Elizabeth , Hill Matthew , Jamali Nasim , Ye Jiangchuan , Roselli Carolina , Verdugo Carmen Diaz , Fleming Stephen , Xiao Ling , Sayed Zeina , Kost-Alimova Maria , Klattenhoff Carla , Hayat Sikander , Carpenter Anne , Cimini Beth , Singh Shantanu , Ellinor Patrick
Published: July 2024

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), a genetic heart disease, is a major contributor to heart failure and cardiac transplantation. Of the many genes underlying DCM, the most common cause is loss of function mutations in the sarcomeric protein titin. In disease, alterations in cardiomyocyte (CM) contractile function are accompanied by morphologic changes. Thus, understanding how genetic and environmental perturbations affect CM morphology may identify new genes or pathways underlying heart failure. Here, we developed CARDIO (Cardiomyocyte Analysis using Robust Cell Painting Imaging and Output), an assay that allows high-content morphological profiling of human stem cell derived CMs (iPS-CMs). After optimization and validation, we applied our CARDIO approach to a CRISPR knockout assay of 39 genes selected from a genome wide association study (GWAS) of cardiac contractile function. We identified a novel role for two genes, YWHAE and HSPB7 with divergent effects in CM morphology and function. Functional validation using engineered heart tissues (EHTs) demonstrated YWHAE knockout (KO) had a similar functional profile as titin KO. In contrast, loss of HSPB7 induced a hypertrophic phenotype and restored contractile function in a titin model of DCM. In sum, our approach demonstrates that the combination of morphological profiling with functional assessment can identify novel genes involved in heart failure at scale, and potentially identify biological mechanisms for therapeutic development.
Predicting mortality in geriatric patients with fever in the Emergency Departments: a prospective validation study
Authors: Akbari Hamideh , Mirfazaelian Hadi , Safaei Arash , Aghdam Hakime Ghafari , Akhgar Atousa , Jalili Mohammad
Published: July 2024

Objective:
Emergency physicians are always faced with the challenge of choosing the appropriate disposition for elderly patients in order to ensure an acceptable care plan and effective use of resources. A clinical decision rule has been proposed but not validated to help ED physicians with decision making. This rule employs leukocytosis, severe coma, and thrombocytopenia as predictors of 30-day mortality. We sought to determine the performance of this clinical prediction rule in a prospective study in a setting different from where it was developed.
Method and Materials:
In this prospective cohort study in a 1200-bed tertiary care, patients older than 65 years old who visited the ED with fever were enrolled. All elements of the rule were collected and the total score was calculated for each patient. Patients were also categorized as low risk (score 0-1) or high risk (score≥2). Thirty-day follow-up was performed to determine the patient outcome (survival or mortality).
Result:
A total of 296 patients were entered our final analysis. The mortality rate by the Geriatric Fever Score was 62.5% for patients with a score of 0, 35.1% for 1, 42.4% for 2, and 60% for 3. When divided into two risk groups low risk group had a mortality of 36.6% and high-risk group had a mortality of 44.2%.
Conclusion:
We concluded that elderly patients who present to ED with fever and have a score of 2 or higher on Geriatric Fever Score are at higher risk of mortality at 30 days.
Differential Association Between Cumulative Dose of 5α-Reductase Inhibitors and Mortality
Authors: Kim Jinhyun , Jang Suk-Yong , Park Eun-Cheol
Published: July 2024

The association between various cumulative doses of 5-ARIs and mortality remains unclear. To examine the absolute and time-averaged cumulative doses of 5-ARIs and their association with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or androgenic alopecia (AGA).
A nested case-control study was conducted. For each patient who died, up to five controls were matched, based on age, sex, follow-up duration, and date of BPH or AGA diagnosis. The cumulative 5-ARI dose was calculated as the cumulative defined daily dose (cDDD) for the absolute and time-averaged doses over the follow-up period.
The study involved 3,084 cases and 14,630 controls. The <365 cDDDs group and 365–730 cDDDs group had higher mortality rates, whereas the >5840 cDDDs group had a significantly reduced mortality risk. A similar result was observed for the duration-averaged cumulative doses. Cause-specific analysis revealed higher suicide rates at lower cumulative doses and lower cardiovascular mortality rates at higher cumulative doses. Other cause-specific mortality rates were not statistically significant.
The findings revealed a complex relationship between cumulative 5-ARI dosage and all-cause mortality, highlighting the need for careful monitoring of patients using 5-ARIs, particularly concerning the elevated risk of suicide.
Short-term Group Venetoclax Combined with Azacitidine for Treating Newly Diagnosed Elderly Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Yu Zhuruohan , Li Shuangyue , Pei Renzhi , Lu Ying , Wang Yuxiao , Yuan Jiaojiao
Published: July 2024

The induction regimen of venetoclax (VEN) in combination with demethylating agents has improved outcomes in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the optimal course of VEN use during treatment needs further exploration. We conducted a retrospective study to determine the efficacy and safety of VEN in 90 newly diagnosed elderly patients with AML. This included 47 patients who used VEN for 14 days in combination with the azacitidine (AZA) regimen and 43 patients who used VEN for 28 days in combination with the AZA regimen. The rates of clinical remission were similar in the two groups, with a shorter time to neutropenia recovery in the shorter duration group. The short-term group also experienced reduced febrile neutropenia and a trend toward a lower incidence of other adverse events. With a median follow-up time of 494 days, there was a non-significant difference in median overall survival and Event-free survival observed between the two groups. This retrospective study demonstrated that VEN 14 days combined with AZA had similar efficacy to the VEN 28 days regimen combined with AZA. The short-term VEN combined with AZA regimen ensured efficacy with relatively less myelosuppressive effect, shortened blood recovery time, and reduced incidence of infection and fever during treatment. This regimen is suitable for elderly patients who are in poor physical condition and unable to tolerate low-dose chemotherapy and the long-term VEN combined with AZA regimen. It is easier to accept and more regarding the biopsychosocial medicine model.
A qualitative Study on Stress response and Coping of General Practitioners at the Beginning of Independent Duty
Authors: BIAN WEINA , ZHANG YUE , HE JIELING , YANG HONGWEI , MA NINA , CHEN GUANG , QIN SHUMIN , ZHENG QINGHUA
Published: July 2024

Purpose
This study aims to explore the challenges and stresses encountered by general practitioners during standardized residency training while on independent duty, as well as identify effective coping strategies.
Methods
The study adopted qualitative research. We conducted in-depth interviews with 7 trainees who were undergoing standardized training courses for general practitioners and analyzed the obtained information using content analysis.
Results
We extracted three themes, stress and challenges, coping strategies, and the impact of being on duty on one's work or life, from the study.
Conclusions
The qualitative research revealed the psychological state experienced by general practitioners when faced with stresses and challenges, as well as effective coping strategies employed during the initial phase of independent duty.
Major Causes of Accidents in Urban Transportation Network and Methods to Enhance its Safety
Authors: Jafari Mohsen , Amin Reza , Khodaii Ali
Published: July 2024

Urban accidents are one of the major causes of death and injuries in metropolitan areas. As urbanization continues to accelerate, with more people moving to cities seeking better opportunities and a higher standard of living, the risks associated with urban accidents become more apparent. Investigating the reasons behind this issue and proposing effective solutions is a concern for policymakers. In some cases, the driver is responsible for accidents, while in others, the built environment contributes to the accidents. The aim of this article is to examine factors related to built-environment conditions. Overall, the parameters are divided into four categories: accident, demographic, traffic, and roadway. Relationships between each factor and the occurrence of accidents (in terms of fatalities, injuries, and damages) are examined. The factors in this report focus on external factors related to vehicle activities are the focus of this report. This study focuses on the causes of urban accidents in Tehran, based on aggregate data from 2000 to 2020 in each region. It is concluded that the main causes of this issue include the high number of motorcycles in the city center, excessive speed on congested roads, high vehicle density in certain parts of the city, and unsafe roadways. Effective measures include road repair and renovation, urban development, the implementation of speed limits on highways, the imposition of restrictions on motorcycles on high-speed roads, implementing demand management strategies to reduce traffic on congested roads, establishing feasible options for motorcycle riders, and rigorously enforcing traffic regulations.
Debiased Recommendation Based on Comparative Learning
and Causal Embedding
Authors: Liu Dingyuan , Xun Yaling , Hu Xiaoying , Li Yanfeng Li
Published: July 2024

Biases in recommendation systems significantly reduce recommendation accuracy and user experience. To address the issues in traditional recommendation systems: (1) inaccurate recommendation results due to ineffective modeling of users’ long-term and short-term interests, (2) popularity bias caused by the conformity effect, a debias recommendation method based on contrastive learning and causal embedding (CLACE). CLACE first employs two independent encoders to model users’ long-term and short-term interests separately. Then, a contrastive learning framework is designed to supervise the similarity between the long-term and short-term interest representations and interest proxies. A dynamic attention mechanism is introduced to adaptively adjust the weights of long-term and short-term interests to accurately reflect users’ preference biases. Simultaneously, to fundamentally reduce the popularity bias induced by the conformity effect during the recommendation process, a causal embedding model is introduced to separate user interests from the conformity effect, eliminating the negative impact of the conformity effect on recommendation results and achieving more precise recommendations. The effectiveness of the proposed CLACE is validated on two public datasets, and experimental results demonstrate that CLACE significantly improves recommendation accuracy, recall, and normalized discounted cumulative gain.
PiRPLO: a single-run method for calibrating wildland fire simulations like statistical models
Authors: Waeselynck Valentin , Lautenberger Chris , Saah David
Published: July 2024

We introduce a statistically-inspired class of loss functions for scoring predictive models of wildfire risk, quantifying how well a model fits observed fire occurrence. These loss functions are derived as a weighted generalization of Poisson process deviance; this generalization unifies various existing approaches in the statistical wildfire literature and suggests new approaches, enabling improvements by relaxing requirements of probabilistic independence, using more of the historical information, and giving more importance to the largest fires. Nontrivially, we apply these tools to calibrating the parameters of wildland fire Monte Carlo simulations, and in particular the joint distribution of ignitions and fire durations. We argue that such an integrated approach is more reliable than optimizing the distribution of ignitions in isolation, because it optimizes the end results of simulations. We also describe a fast algorithm for approximating the loss function on candidate distributions of ignitions and durations without having to repeatedly run new simulations: using a sample-reweighting approach, a calibration simulation is run once, and the family of possible ignition distributions is defined and explored after the fact. In particular, distribution mixtures can be used for ensembling fire behavior models, and fire durations can be modeled and calibrated either explicitly via a conditional probability density function, or implicitly via a parametric hazard function that represents containment effectiveness. Furthermore, this method enables the use of gradient-based optimization algorithms for finding the best-fitting parameters. This enables a workflow similar to fitting parametric statistical models. We call this approach Plug-in Reweighted Poisson Likelihood Optimization (PiRPLO).
TRUENESS AND PRECISION OF DIFFERENT DIGITAL SCAN SYSTEMS IN A TWO IMPLANT COMPLETE ARCH MODEL: AN IN-VITRO STUDY
Authors: A. Emarah Amr , M. Dehis Wessam
Published: July 2024

Background: One of the major concerns in implant-retained prostheses is their accuracy which plays an essential role in implant success and prosthesis adaptation. Although many contemplates stated the indications and merits of different digital scanner systems, little is identified about their trueness and precision in scanning dental implants of implant-retained prostheses. Objectives: This contemplate aimed to evaluate and compare the trueness and precision of two unalike most recent digital scan systems in a mandibular two-implant complete arch model. Materials and Methods: A completely edentulous mandibular cast was utilized into which two conventional dental implant analogs were drilled in its inter-foramina area from which the distance between the analogs was measured by a caliper (Control). The same space was assessed via scanning the whole assembly 13 scans/each digital scanner system. The final distance of each scan attained from both systems was then compared with the control. The accuracy of each system was assessed in terms of trueness and precision. Results: Slight advancement of the Dof Freedom X5 premium digital scanner system than the Medit T300-T500 dental digital scanner regarding trueness although they were still insignificantly different, as P=0.66. The Medit digital scanner system was significantly better than the Dof Freedom one concerning precision, as P=0.001. Conclusion: The two dental laboratory digital scanner systems employed are reliable tools for scanning and reproducing digital dental records accurately for an implant-supported prosthesis. Furthermore, the Medit dental digital scanner system seemed to be more accurate in terms of precision than the Dof Freedom one.
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES OF DOCTORS AND NURSING STAFF OF WHO INTRAPARTUM CARE GUIDELINES
Authors: Mishra Archana , Anand Nupur , Parikh Sameena
Published: July 2024

This cross-sectional study, conducted over a year in a tertiary care center in Delhi, aimed to assess knowledge and adherence to WHO intrapartum care guidelines among 200 doctors and 200 nurses. The study utilized self-administered questionnaires and focused group discussions to identify knowledge gaps and application constraints. Results indicated that doctors exhibited better knowledge of the guidelines than nurses, with more experienced professionals scoring higher. Specifically, questions regarding the duration of the latent phase and cervical dilation posed difficulties, especially for nurses. Only 36% of doctors and 16% of nurses correctly answered knowledge-based questions. Furthermore, doctors demonstrated superior practical application of the guidelines, particularly in areas like fundal pressure and episiotomy in primigravida. The study highlighted a significant association between higher education, experience, and better outcome. The findings underscore the necessity for continuous training and practice to enhance adherence to WHO guidelines, ultimately aiming to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes. Enhanced training and monitoring are recommended to bridge the identified gaps and ensure evidence-based intrapartum care practices are universally applied.
INTERNATIONAL NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS STRATEGIES AND WEALTH CREATION IN RWANDA A CASE OF RWANDA RED CROSS
Authors:   Department, Security Studies, Justice and Ethics, Mount Kenya University, Rwanda., Aime Beaute Mushashi , Nadia Iradukunda ,   Department, Informatics and Computing, Mount Kigali University., Irungu Ndirangu Festus ,   Department, Informatics and Computing, Mount Kigali University.
Published: July 2024

This research was about the International non-governmental organizations (INGOs) strategies and wealth creation. The main objective of this research was to examine the influence of International Non-Governmental Organizations (INGOs) strategies on wealth creation in Rwanda taking a case of Rwanda Red Cross in Nyabihama Village in Gisagara district. The specific objectives of this research were: To investigate the influence of direct support, Income generating projects and model village (Agasozi ndatwa) on wealth creation in Nyabihama village. The study adopted mixed research design where both qualitative and quantitative methods were used. The target population was 114 people of Nyabihama village who are ones of the beneficiaries of Rwanda Red Cross. In selecting sample, the researcher used census sampling and purposive sampling techniques. Primary data was collected using questionnaires and interview. Data collected was analyzed using thematic analysis and SPSS version 26. The results presented that there was a statistically significant relationship between direct support and wealth creation, a significance influence of income generating projects on wealth creation, and a statistically significant relationship between the model village and wealth creation in Nyabihama Village as they were explained in the Research Findings and Discussions section. It was concluded that there was a statistically significant relationship between International Non-Governmental Organizations (INGOs) strategies and wealth creation in Rwanda where to some extent those strategies promoted wealth creation however to another extent wealth creation was not achieved.
FASHIONABLE MEDICINE: 1ST MOROCCAN EVALUATION OF MEDICAL KNOWLEDGE ON PHYTOTHERAPY AMONG UROLOGISTS!
Authors:   Pharmacy Unit, Mohamed V Teaching Hospital., Imane Zhim , a Hamedounlarbi ,   Urology Department, Pharmacy Unit, Mohamed V Teaching Hospital., Amine Ajal El ,   UPR Pharmacognosy., Chergui Abdelhak ,   UPR Pharmacognosy., Nejjari Rachid ,   UPR Pharmacognosy., Zakariya Imane ,   UPR Pharmacognosy.
Published: July 2024

The green light is on for herbal medicine! As a result of the selection of plants with proven medicinal properties, herbal medicine is considered a full-fledged medicine. Urinary tract infections, benign prostatic hyperplasia, urinary stones. Herbal medicine can help with many urological diseases, but not all pathologies. Objective:Our study aims to evaluate the knowledge and to make an inventory of the use of herbal medicine by urologists. Materials and methods:This is a quantitative, descriptive study, using an anonymous questionnaire, which was launched in March 2023. All urologists working in the public sector were included in this study. Results:Out of the 105 physicians asked to answer the online questionnaire, 64 complete responses were obtained, for a response rate of 60.95%. All urologists were male. 62.5% of the physicians were residents, 18.8% were professors, and the same percentage was found for specialists. Among the 64 respondents, 96.87% had never received any training in herbal therapy. Thinking that it could be useful, 26 physicians were willing to receive training in herbal therapy. Although 100% of our physicians were aware of drug interactions when medicinal plants are taken concomitantly with conventional treatments, 48 urologists were unaware of the plants used in urinary tract pathology. 93.75% of the respondents said that their patients mentioned the use of medicinal plants during consultations. Only 8 practitioners used herbal medicine in their urological practice and advised its use with conventional drugs. Conclusion:In order to guarantee greater patient safety and to avoid the anarchic use of medicinal plants, continuous training for our urologists is essential.
Una ética empática como fundamento de la apreciación estética no antropomorfista de los animales
Authors: Gutiérrez-Jordano Carmen
Published: July 2024

Este artículo tiene como objetivo fundamental analizar las bases de una apreciación estética de los animales en clave no antropomorfista, una con la que valorarlos en sus propios términos. Otras apreciaciones tienen un fundamento antropomórfico: la concepción de los animales desde el modelo artístico o desde nuestras necesidades evolutivas, por ejemplo. El contexto de esta investigación es doble: por una parte, la actitud antropomórfica dominante en la cultura moderna y, por otra, las nuevas iniciativas artísticas y culturales alejadas de la comprensión del ser humano como centro de todo lo que existe. La metodología empleada en este estudio es hermenéutica y dialéctica. Hermenéutica porque pretende, ante todo, comprender estas nuevas manifestaciones estéticas animalistas, y dialéctica porque para comprenderlas establecemos un debate crítico con las anteriores posiciones antropocentristas. La conclusión del trabajo es que la apreciación estética de los animales no antropomorfista solo puede fundarse en una ética animalista. Para lograrlo, es necesario, primero, tener conciencia de nuestra tendencia antropomórfica. Y, segundo, adoptar una ética empática que nos permita acceder al punto de vista de los animales, porque solo así podremos percibirlos en sí mismos.
O processo de pré-incubação na economia solidária: O caso de um grupo de mulheres inseridas na indústria da construção civil
Authors: Jorge Alana da Fonseca , Borges Maria de Lourdes , Bortolaso Ingridi Vargas
Published: July 2024

O propósito deste artigo é de analisar o desenvolvimento e a trajetória de um grupo de mulheres no processo de (pré) incubação na economia solidária, no período de março a novembro de 2014 com o apoio da Incubadora de Empreendimentos Solidários do Tecnosocial/Unilasalle. O percurso metodológico ocorreu por meio de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa utilizando a técnica de observação participante, o que resultou em 25 horas de observação, bem como a realização de cinco entrevistas semiestruturadas com sujeitos envolvidos. De modo geral, os processos sociais identificados foram: irregularidade nos padrões de motivação/interesse e desmotivação/desinteresse do grupo. As análises indicaram que essa oscilação era resultado de um conflito e competição pela liderança entre duas trabalhadoras, sem desmerecer outras causas de cunho social, econômico e psicológico. Esse conflito, que era velado, somente foi explicitado no 15o. encontro quando houve o afloramento de suas memórias, puderam dialogar e conseguiram se organizar para finalmente solicitar a formalização do empreendimento como uma cooperativa guiada pelos princípios da economia solidária.
Regularização fundiária e usucapião extrajudicial: Um caso de estudo no cartório de registro de imóveis de Tabuleiro do Norte/CE, Brasil
Authors: Ornelas Bruno Oliveira , De Oliveira Tarcisio Dorn
Published: July 2024

A legislação ordinária e administrativa sobre regularização fundiária urbana sofreu recentes modificações, que tiveram por objetivo o desafogamento do poder judiciário, sob o fundamento de que situações não litigiosas sejam solucionadas na esfera extrajudicial. O objetivo da pesquisa calca-se em investigar as usucapiões extrajudiciais, entendidas como ‘instrumento de regularização fundiária, no âmbito do Cartório de Registro de Imóveis da Comarca de Tabuleiro do Norte-CE, de forma a perquirir seus resultados, características, impactos e efetividades enquanto mecanismo que atenda às políticas públicas e diretrizes de planejamento urbano, concretização do direito fundamental à propriedade proporcionando melhoria na qualidade de vida dos cidadãos. Metodologicamente utiliza-se, no campo conceitual, a revisão bibliográfica e pesquisa documental e no campo empírico o estudo de caso considerando vinte e cinco processos administrativos de usucapião imobiliário efetivados pelo Cartório de Registro de Imóveis de Tabuleiro do Norte-CE, considerando para o estudo dos dados a análise de conteúdo categorial. Como resultados é possível notar a aplicação da usucapião como instrumento de regularização fundiária aliada à observância das políticas públicas de desenvolvimento e ordenação do solo urbano, ao ter grande potencial de reconhecer, concretizar e promover direitos fundamentais como a propriedade, moradia e dignidade da pessoa humana. Fica evidente a contribuição da regularização fundiária por meio da usucapião extrajudicial para desenvolvimento social e econômico regional, eis que o referido procedimento, uma vez concluído, titula os ocupantes com o documento formal de propriedade (certidão de propriedade) que constitui prova plena sendo dotada de fé pública.
MÜCADELENİN VE AYRIMCILIĞIN MEKÂNI OLARAKKENTE DAİR SOSYOLOJİK YAKLAŞIMLAR VE POPÜLER KÜLTÜRE YANSIMALARI: KENTSEL DEVRİM VE YERLEŞİM KISITLARI
Authors: Kurtcebe Mehmet
Published: July 2024

Bu çalışma, yirminci yüzyılın ortasında kent araştırmalarında etkili olan Lefebvre’in (2003: 15-19, 73-78) ve Rex ve Moore’un (1967: 228-229, 270-273) öncülük ettiği, kente dair fırsatları ve sınırları öne çıkarmasıyla farklılaşan iki yaklaşımın izlerini günümüze kadar sürerken toplumsal çerçevede kentin sorunlarını anlamaya dair potansiyelini sorgulamaktadır. Çalışmada kent kavramı ile ilgili kuramların izlediği gelişim ve tarihsel bir bakış açısının sunulmasının yanı sıra kent ve kentliliğe uzanan süreç ele alınarak yirminci yüzyılın ortasından günümüze kadar kent çalışmalarında bir izlek oluşturan kent hakkı ve yerleşime dayalı sınıfsal oluşumlarla ilgili kuramlara yer verilmektedir. Ardından mekâna dair soyutlamayı temel alan yaklaşımları aşarak gerçekçi bir zeminde ele almaya girişen Sayer’in (1993: 335-338) görüşleri etrafında kent çalışmalarına getirilen eleştirilere değinilmektedir. Eleştiriler arasında kent çalışmalarında mekânın araştırılması adına yeni yönelimler bulunmaktadır.
On Certain Issues of Validation of Information Provided by Procurement Participants in the Electronic Tender
Authors: Revnov B. А. ,   The Law Institute (St. Petersburg)
Published: July 2024

The article discusses the responsibilities of the procurement commission, acting as one of the main collective entities on the part of the customer, to verify the accuracy of the information contained in the application to combat potential abuse of the participants in the procurement. The article discusses the responsibilities of the procurement commission, as one of the main collective entities on the part of the customer, designed to combat potential abuses of procurement participants, to verify the accuracy of the information contained in the application. The consolidation of these responsibilities in the law is analyzed, including in general rules that both establish the principle of ensuring competition and the constitutional prohibition of unfair competition, some existing mechanisms for verifying the accuracy of certain information available as part of an application for participation in tenders are considered, and an attempt is made to differentiate the rights of the said commission from its responsibilities in this aspect. It also examines some of the difficulties that make it objectively impossible to verify the accuracy of all information contained in the application. Some issues of bringing to administrative responsibility for failure to fulfill the obligation to verify the accuracy of information, actually expressed in unlawful admission to participation in auctions, or, conversely, refusal from such participation, are being studied. At the level of problem formulation, one of the imperfections of legislative regulation is outlined, expressed in the absence of an effective mechanism that should allow procurement commissions to control the accuracy of all information provided as part of the application.
Risks of the Cryptocurrency's Objectability in the Realities of the Growing Digitalization of the Russian Economy
Authors: Zemlyachenko Y. V. ,   Belgorod State National Research University
Published: July 2024

The high pace of development of digitalization processes of the national and world economy inevitably requires optimization and adaptation of the rules of civil and trade turnover to the changing operating conditions of traditional markets for goods, services and capital. Russian law in this direction has introduced new norms and even separate laws corresponding to the digital challenges of the economy, regulating the processes of circulation of objects of law in digital form with varying degrees of certainty. Cryptocurrency is one of these. However, Russian legislation still shows signs of legal uncertainty regarding the place of cryptocurrency in the system of objects of civil rights and obligations. At the same time, the recognition by Russian law of the global practice of identifying cryptocurrencies as a full-fledged alternative to fiat currencies creates risks for the national financial system of Russia. Particular attention is drawn to the risk of cryptocurrency acquiring unofficial payment power in the conditions of its uncontrolled circulation due to objective reasons. The latent nature of this asset cannot go unnoticed when developing a system of legal conditions for civil circulation of digital currencies. The method proposed by the legislator to protect the rights of cryptocurrency owners, which depends on the will of the subject of the right to disclose or not disclose information about the ownership of cryptocurrency and transactions made with it, allows us to speak about the aleatory nature of transactions with cryptocurrency. The noted problems do not allow us to talk about the completion of the process of searching for an answer to the question about the legal nature of cryptocurrency and transactions with it.
Internal structure modification of a simple monthly water balance model via incorporation of a machine learning-based nonlinear routing
Authors: Okkan Umut , Ersoy Zeynep Beril , Fistikoglu Okan
Published: July 2024

Among various monthly water balance models, one of the models that has the simplest structure and offers a well-behaved conceptual platform is the GR2M. Despite the widespread use of the model with two-free parameters, the fact that it tends to produce relatively large errors in peak flow months necessitates some modifications to the model. The reason for the mentioned simulation deficiencies could be that the relationship between the routing reservoir and the external environment of the basin is controlled by a single parameter, making the storage–discharge relationship linear. Therefore, in this study, least squares support vector regression, one of the nonlinear data-driven models, has replaced the routing part of the GR2M to enhance the monthly runoff simulation. The performance of the three-parameter hybrid model (GR3M), which was developed by considering the parameter parsimony point of view and including a machine learning (ML)-based nonlinear routing scheme, was examined in some locations in the Gediz River Basin in western Turkey. Statistical performance measures have shown that GR3M, which both leverages the capabilities of an ML model and blends conceptual outputs within a nested scheme, clearly outperforms the original GR2M. The proposed modification has brought significant improvements, especially to high-flow simulations.
Multiple conceptual hydrological models for simulating streamflow in data-sparse river basins: an application of the Vietnamese Cau river basin
Authors: Tran Tuan Thach
Published: July 2024

Streamflow plays a critical role in water resources management, requiring precise estimation, especially in data-sparse river basins. In this study, multiple hydrological models (HYMOD, GR4J, and NAM) are presented and employed to simulate streamflow in the data-sparse Vietnamese Cau river basin at the Thac Rieng station, providing an illustrative example. Four indices named Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), correlation coefficient (r), Kling–Gupta efficiency (KGE), and root mean square error (RMSE) are implemented to quantitatively assess model performance. Firstly, using the available hydrometeorological data from 1 January 1960 to 31 December 1981, parameters in each model are determined using the Shuffled Complex Evolution University of Arizona optimization method. The results show that three models reproduced acceptably observed streamflow, with NSE ranging from 0.65 to 0.75, r and KGE varying between 0.72 and 0.87, and RMSE is less than 6.5% of the observed streamflow magnitude. Secondly, the NAM model was found as the most suitable for simulating observed streamflow in the studied river basin. Thirdly, three models were applied to simulate streamflow in the period from 1 January 1982 to 31 December 2022, revealing similar magnitudes of four statistical indicators of observed and estimated streamflow. The capability of the three models in simulating streamflow in data-sparse river basins is finally discussed.
Assessing the environmental impacts of reclaimed and conventional water in hydroponics based on a life cycle assessment approach
Authors: Nadeem Abdullah , Tariq Muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman , Sarwar Kaleem , Iqbal Mudassar , Ahmad Khalil , Ahmed Khalil
Published: July 2024

As the global population approaches 9 billion by 2050, challenges of food and water scarcity intensify. Hydroponics, an innovative and eco-friendly technology, has gained prominence in addressing these challenges. This study employs Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to comprehensively evaluate the environmental and economic impacts of utilizing reclaimed water in a hydroponic system. Results from midpoint, endpoint, and normalized analyses reveal key contributors to the hydroponic system's environmental burden, including water, substrates, fertilizers, and energy sources. Significant impacts have been observed in marine and terrestrial ecotoxicity, as well as photochemical ozone formation. Reclaimed water consistently demonstrates lower environmental impacts compared to conventional water across various indicators, such as climate change (131 kg CO2 eq.), fine particulate matter formation (0.108 kg PM2.5 eq.), and freshwater consumption (0.291 cubic meters). The study emphasizes the potential of hydroponics with reclaimed water to offer sustainable and environmentally friendly agricultural practices. The detailed LCA results provide valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders, promoting the adoption of hydroponics to address food and water scarcity challenges. From the findings, reclaimed water in hydroponics lowers the environmental impacts as compared to conventional water and PVC (Polyvinyl chloride) along with electricity is the major contributor in environmental burden.
Opportunities and Prospects of Developing Tourist Industry Infrastructure in the Republic of Altay on the Basis of State-Private Partnership
Authors: Razuvaeva M. I.
Published: July 2024

The research deals with planning and developing tourist industry in the Republic of Altay on the basis of mechanisms of state-private partnership oriented to building the necessary tourist infrastructure in the region. In the research the author analyzed trends in developing the system of academic views and regulatory control of stateprivate partnership in the Russian Federation and systematized key forms of direct and indirect participation of state in the face of bodies of state governance and regional levels in implementation of investment projects with cornerstone impact on social and economic and technological development of territories. The author checked tourist potential of the Republic of Altay and sufficiency of tourist infrastructure units in the region according to strategy of social and economic development of the region. Apart from that, the article identified technological and operation features of building and using different units of tourist infrastructure in the region and worked out recommendations aimed at application of concrete forms and methods of state-private partnership in order to ensure the complex development of tourist infrastructure in the Republic of Altay. Findings of the research can be used for elaboration and realization of the Republic of Altay policy aimed at tourism development in the region.
Acute Problems of Digital Transformation in Banking Sector
Authors: Anisimov A. Yu. , Plakhotnikova M. A. , Suslova M. A. , Skryabin O. O.
Published: July 2024

The banking sector was among the first to join digital transformation of economy and became a driver of digital technologies used within the frames of B2C and B2B. Bank executives consider banking-process digitalization as a key factor of competitiveness and success on market. Digitalization process in the banking sphere goes on intensively, which requires modernization and adaptation to constantly changing conditions. Therefore, the acute objective is to trace key trends in digital transformation of the banking sector. Major goals of the research are to analyze digitalization rate of the banking sphere and to make up a list of serious problems arising in the process of digital transformation of banks. The authors used such methods of research as comparative analysis, statistical analysis, benchmarking, classification and rating. As a result of the research the article mentioned a list of acute problems of digital transformation of existing Russian banks and possible lines in their solution or minimization of adverse impacts. The authors came to the conclusion that the process of banking activity digitalization is accompanied by both positive and negative factors, the latter forms problematic fields requiring fast settlement.
The Use of Project Management to Provide Technological Sovereig
Authors: Sysoeva O. V. , Vasina A. V.
Published: July 2024

The most important factors, which stipulate the development of any state, are the level of technological independence and availability of sustainable competitive advantages in innovation sphere. Achievement of technological sovereignty in the Russian Federation is a priority task, whose topicality in conditions of unprecedented sanctions pressure is self-evident. In the research the authors analyzed works by home and overseas experts in the field of technological sovereignty and described the problem of possible damage to ecology and human life in the process of developing the technological sphere. Proceed from it the authors put forward an assumption about the necessity of complex approach to reaching the level of critical and end-to-end technologies with regard to goals of sustainable development on the basis of project management. Findings of the research show that there is a certain mutual conformity of goals of sustainable development and national projects being implemented. However, today we have not got projects, whose goals combine achievements of technological independence and principles of sustainable development of the country. The article provides a conceptual scheme of project management use elaborated by the authors. Academic novelty of the scheme is demonstrated by complementarity of specific goals of technological sovereignty and principles of sustainable development.
Analyzing Current Trends of Education Development
Authors: Kanukoev A. S.
Published: July 2024

The article studies current trends of education development with due regard to national goals of state and the necessity to ensure technological sovereignty in conditions of sanctions and restrictions. The author pointed to serious personnel training needed in different industries of economy, including machine-building, bio-technologies, industrial ecology, computing machinery, etc. In circumstances of continuous competition and necessity to develop our own industry and advanced technologies we need personnel with professional and personal competences, who can resolve different professional problems in an operative way. Training of such personnel requires transformation of education processes, introduction of advanced education tools and practices and provision of high-quality training, irrespective of conditions in the environment of work. The author underlines that modernization of education processes and technologies could allow us to create a comfortable format of training, where off-line study can provide personal communication and net-working and on-line study – possibility to take practice in different places at the moment of training.
Competitiveness of Business Projects in Service Sector
Authors: Neofitu E. G.
Published: July 2024

Competitiveness is one of major indicators of entrepreneurial activity, which shows prospects of further development and feasibility to reach strategic goals and objectives. The article studies factors affecting competitiveness of business projects functioning in the service sphere. They are as follows: quality of services, unique nature of services, price offer, skilled workers, level of customer services, availability of advanced technologies, accessibility of services, possibility of rendering extra services, access to financing, partner relations, optimization of processes, digitalization, quality of business project management, risk management. The author researches their impact on services rendered in digital and off-line format. The model put forward in the article can be used by entrepreneurs to develop steps aimed at raising competitiveness of business.
A Study on Factors Influencing the Continuous Use of Technology-Converged Webtoon Services : Focus on the Extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2)
Authors: Kim Dong Hyuk , Sung Dae Hun ,   The Korean Publishing Science Society
Published: July 2024

This study aims to identify the factors influencing the continuous use of technology-converged webtoons by users through the Extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2). The influence of webtoons as a media form is increasing, and they are evolving into technology-converged webtoons, such as smarttoons optimized for mobile environments and cuttoons designed for sharing on social media. The study investigated the factors influencing the continued use of technology -converged webtoons by categorizing them into technical attributes (effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, recommendation services) and psychological factors (hedonic motivation, price value, habit). The research findings revealed that, within the technical attributes, effort expectancy positively impacted the sustained use of technology-converged webtoons. Furthermore, within the psychological factors, hedonic motivation, price value, facilitating conditions, and habit were found to have a positive influence on the continuous use of technology-converged webtoons. Through this study, it was determined that users of technology-converged webtoons are more likely to continue using webtoons due to psychological factors rather than technical attributes. Additionally, the study highlighted the importance of the price value factor, noting that users perceive the price of technology -converged webtoons as “reasonable,” offering “good value for money” and providing “utility.” Based on these findings, it is expected that this study will serve as valuable data for the future developmental growth of the webtoon industry.
The Role of Herbs in the Treatment of Diabetes
Authors: Agrawal Mohit , Rao Komal , Singhal Manmohan , Bhatt Shailendra
Published: July 2024

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder whose prevalence has been
steadily expanding worldwide. Diabetes can cause complications with time, which
include failure of the heart and the kidney, and a reduction in the quality of life.
Continuous administration of allopathic drugs such as biguanides, sulfonylurea
(Hypoglycaemic agents), and insulin causes many side effects such as Hypoglycaemia,
stomach upset, etc., and have a high cost due to which researchers take eager interest in
studies on herbs to find novel chemical compounds for the treatment of diabetes. Some
diabetologists have recently found evidence that a therapeutic supplement containing
plant derivatives is required to optimise diabetes treatment. Herbal medicine research
has grown in importance in recent decades, and the usage of natural products in the
cure of diabetes is becoming more popular around the world. They have the property to
act as an antibacterial, antifungal, antidiabetic, and anticancer. Herbs are used
nowadays, in place of high-cost prescribed drugs. There are many medicinal plants or
herbs that are used in the treatment of diabetes such as Allium sativum,
Trigonellafoenum graecum (Fenugreek), Cuminum cyminum L (Cumin), Cinnamomum
verum (Cinnamon), Ocimum sanctum (Holy basil), and Tinospora cordifolia
(Guduchi). Diabetes is caused mostly by oxidative stress and a rise in reactive oxygen
species, which can have serious consequences. Many herbs include natural
antioxidants, including flavonoids, C and E vitamins and tannins, which hold the
capacity to lower blood glucose levels. Medicinal plants help to improve fasting blood
sugar levels and, function of the kidney. This study focused on diabetes and accessible
diabetic treatments, with a particular emphasis on herbal medicines and clinical trials of
these herbal plants.
Bilateral Diaphragm Paralysis in Deep Neck Infection: Mimicking Respiratory Distress in Sepsis
Authors: Yakushiji Tatsumi ,   Division of Intensive Care, Fukushima Medical University School Hospital, Fukushima Japan, Hakozaki Takahiro , Iseki Yuzo , Inoue Satoki ,   Division of Intensive Care, Fukushima Medical University School Hospital, Fukushima Japan,   Division of Intensive Care, Fukushima Medical University School Hospital, Fukushima Japan,   Division of Intensive Care, Fukushima Medical University School Hospital, Fukushima Japan
Published: July 2024

Background: This case report highlights an occurrence of bilateral diaphragm paralysis following surgical drainage for deep neck infection. Case: A 56-year-old male underwent surgical drainage and tracheostomy for a deep neck infection. Before the second surgical drainage, he exhibited tachypnea (>30 bpm), although his general condition was not significantly compromised. Following a successful drainage procedure, he was transferred to the intensive care unit and placed on mechanical ventilation. Despite attempts at spontaneous breathing trials (SBT), he failed each trial, leading to a deterioration in his general condition. Subsequently, he was diagnosed with diaphragm paralysis. Conclusion: The clinical manifestations of bilateral diaphragm paralysis closely resemble the common symptoms of sepsis. Therefore, it is crucial to recognize that surgical interventions for deep neck infections may pose a risk of developing diaphragm paralysis, likely associated with phrenic nerve palsy.