bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Downside of Displaying Agentic Values: Evidence from Shareholder Activism
Authors: DesJardine Mark R. , Shi Wei
Published: November 2022

Activist shareholders face a challenging task in preemptively identifying executives who they perceive might destroy shareholder value—before harm is done. We develop a framework where activist shareholders resolve this problem by forming attributions about executives’ intentions based on their displays of agentic values, which reflect independence and control. For activist shareholders, a strong display of independence can evoke concerns that an executive will act without the regulation of shareholder input, and a strong display of control can create concerns an executive will engineer governance provisions to their own benefit. As such, we hypothesize that above-average agentic value displays by CEOs increase the likelihood firms are targeted by shareholder activists. Extending our theory, we argue the positive effect that agentic value displays have on attracting shareholder activism is stronger when CEOs permit higher spending on corporate and stakeholder investment, both of which can exacerbate shareholder harm when executed poorly. We also posit that activism campaigns driven by CEOs’ agentic value displays will largely come from activist shareholders seeking to exert their own control over agentic-speaking CEOs. Using data on shareholder activism campaigns at US-based companies from 2003–2018, we find support for our hypotheses. We discuss multiple theoretical implications for research on corporate governance, stakeholder management, and investor relations.
Improve Household Income Through Peking Duck Farming
Authors: Hamzah Amir , Umiyati Hesti , Hapsari RR Prima Dita , Hutagalung Arvadi , Theodora Paula , Ristiani Risa , Ubaidillah Ubaidillah , Utami Dwi Okty
Published: November 2022

Background: Community service was carried out to increase household income in the Serdang village, Curug district, Tangerang regency, by breeding and rearing Peking ducks.
Contribution: Peking duck breeding and rearing farming is considered relatively low in maintenance, attainable ducklings, and affordable feed; while the problem of Peking duck breeding and rearing farming is the lack of capital.
Method: The implementation methods consist of: the planning stage, the implementation stage, and the evaluation stage.
Results: The result of this community service is the achievement of total 2,597.9 Kg of ready-to-sell Peking ducks, with the sales profit of Rp 17.950.750 per month. From the total of 1,100 heads initial ducklings reared the mortality rate of 91 occurred at the vulnerable age (5-15 days).
Conclusion: By the end of the second season of community service, 3 (three) participants become self-suffcient Peking duck breeders
Community Empowerment With the Utilization of Yards For Grape Cultivation Using Biochar Mixed Media In Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Herlambang Susila , Yudhiantoro Danang , Adventri Wibowo Astrid Wahyu
Published: November 2022

Background: The social economic impact of the Covid-19 pandemic was felt by all levels of Indonesian society, especially the people in Mayungan, Potorono Village, Bantul Regency. Currently, compost houses and waste banks have been formed from the collection of household waste in RT 04 and RT 05 with a capacity of 1.5 tons per week. Community service activities were carried out in the form of using the yard for grape cultivation with mixed media of biochar. Mixed media technology is expected to increase the efficiency of agricultural costs and productivity of grape cultivation.  
Contribution: Seeing the great potential of Mayungan and as an effort to improve the psychological aspects of the community due to the Covid-19 pandemic, community service activities were carried out using the yard for grape cultivation with biochar mixed media.
Method: The approach method used is the method of active community participation.
Results: The implementation of the Internal Community Service program uses the lecture, discussion, practice, mentoring and technical guidance methods. Community service activities can be carried out properly and have the expected impact.

Conclusion: Community service activities can be carried out properly. The empowerment program in the midst of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic can relieve the mental burden of the community psychologically to strengthen the body's resistance to virus attacks through plant care every time
Highlighting the latest research: October 2022
Authors: Palmer Sarah Jane
Published: November 2022

Sarah Jane Palmer presents a selection of recently published articles of interest to nurses working in cardiovascular nursing. The aim of this roundup is to provide a brief overview of the research papers selected. A full reference is provided for those who wish to look at the research in further detail
ECG of the month
Authors: Bloe Charles
Published: November 2022

In this issue's ECG of the month, Charles Bloe presents the case of a 74-year-old woman with severe chest pain who had been experiencing chest tightness on exertion for several weeks.
Registered nurses' competence for subarachnoid haemorrhage patients in intensive care units
Authors: Hutri Inkeri , Kotila Jaana , Turunen Hannele
Published: November 2022

Background:

Patients with a subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) are critically ill. In Finland, most SAH patients are treated in critical care units. It is important to identify the competence of nurses working within these critical care units to ensure the care that is delivered is of high-quality.

Aims:

This study examined registered nurses' perceptions of their competence in providing nursing interventions to patients with a SAH in intensive care units (ICUs) in Finland.

Methods:

A total of 127 registered nurses who cared for SAH patients on ICUs at five university hospitals in Finland participated in this study. Quantitative, descriptive data were collected via a structured questionnaire that was developed for the study.

Findings:

Nurses evaluated their competence in all nursing interventions and in their ability to evaluate a patient's level of consciousness as good and very good, respectively. Nurses with a longer experience in treating SAH patients or nursing in general, evaluated themselves as more competent than nurses with less experience. Nurses had received some degree of education within their units surrounding the care of SAH patients. However, most nurses reported that they wanted to increase their level of competence.

Conclusions:

The reported experiences of nurses regarding caring for SAH patients or nursing in general is related to their perception of their level of competence at nursing interventions. It is highly recommended that the development and improvement of the competence of nurses is supported.
Grieving together
Authors: Bissett Julie
Published: November 2022

Julie Bissett considers our attitudes towards dying – and how dental teams should prepare for what are often considered uncomfortable conversations.
Taking greater care
Authors: Nariapara Nimisha
Published: November 2022

Nimisha Nariapara discusses the state of UK oral health, and what professionals can learn from the latest facts and figures to make a difference.
A bright dental future
Authors: Brown Clementine Rees
Published: November 2022

Clementine Rees Brown dives in to the 2022 BOC Orthodontic Conference.
Arthroscopic biceps augmentation does not improve clinical outcomes during incomplete repair of large to massive rotator cuff tears
Authors: Park Jong H. , Park Kun T. , Kim Su C. , Bukhary Hashem A. , Lee Sang M. , Yoo Jae C.
Published: November 2022

Aims

This study compared patients who underwent arthroscopic repair of large to massive rotator cuff tears (LMRCTs) with isolated incomplete repair of the tear and patients with incomplete repair with biceps tendon augmentation. We aimed to evaluate the additional benefit on clinical outcomes and the capacity to lower the re-tear rate.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed 1,115 patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair for full-thickness tears between October 2011 and May 2019. From this series, we identified 77 patients (28 male, 49 female) with a mean age of 64.1 years (50 to 80). Patients were classified into groups A (n = 47 incomplete) and B (n = 30 with biceps augmentation) according to the nature of their reconstruction. Clinical scores were checked preoperatively and at six months, one year, and two years postoperatively. In preoperative MRI, we measured the tear size, the degree of fatty infiltration, and muscle volume ratio of the supraspinatus. In postoperative MRI, the integrity of the repaired rotator cuff tendon was assessed using the Sugaya classification. Tendon thickness at the footprint was evaluated on T2-weighted oblique coronal view.

Results

There were no significant differences in the initial preoperative demographic characteristics. In both groups, there were significant improvements in postoperative clinical scores (p < 0.001). However, most clinical outcomes, including range of motion measurements (forward elevation, external rotation, internal rotation, and abduction), showed no differences between the pre- and postoperative values. Comparing the postoperative outcomes of both groups, no further improvement from biceps augmentation was found. Group B, although not reaching statistical significance, had more re-tears than group A (30% vs 15%; p = 0.117).

Conclusion

In LMRCTs, biceps augmentation provided no significant improvement of an incomplete repair. Therefore, biceps augmentation is not recommended in the treatment of LMRCTs. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2022;104-B(11):1234–1241.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi HCl Pada Proses Exfoliasi Graphene Oxide/Reduce Graphene Oxide (GO/rGO) Dari Karbon Bulu Ayam
Authors: Hastuti Erna , Fefiyanti Feny , Muthmainnah Muthmainnah
Published: November 2022

An increase in the consumption of chicken meat may have an impact on the waste of chicken feathers. Several efforts have been made to treat chicken feather waste, which is difficult to decompose and can pollute the environment. Chicken feathers are biomass with a high keratin content that has the potential to be used as a carbon material. In this study, chicken feathers were used in the chemical exfoliation method to produce reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) material. Chicken feathers are heated in two stages, at temperatures of 250 and 400 ℃ in the air. The exfoliation procedure was carried out with varying concentrations of HCl (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 M). The X-ray diffraction spectra revealed that the sample had a rGO type carbon phase, with the crystal size decreasing as the HCl concentration increased. The presence of functional groups C-O, C=C, and C-OH identified as GO/rGO was revealed by FTIR spectra. The HCl exfoliation process reduced the sample's conductivity and capacitance, with the highest values obtained in aquadest sample (GO-0 M), about 10-5 S/m and 10-7 F/m2.
Pendekatan Hukum Stokes Pada Proses Terjadinya Slag Untuk Meningkatkan Efektifitas Pembersihan Cairan Logam Pada Proses Peleburan Besi Cor
Authors: Nadi Muhammad Rizki Gorbyandi , Ruskandi Cecep , Siswanto Ari , Koswara Eko
Published: November 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan efektifitas pembersihan slag pada proses peleburan besi cor. Penelitian ini menghasilkan perhitungan kecepatan terminal slag muncul ke permukaan tanur induksi berdasarkan pendekatan Hukum Stokes pada masing-masing slag yang muncul saat proses peleburan besi cor. Setiap pengecoran besi cor diambil tiga buah sampel berdasarkan waktu tercepat pada slag yang sangat ringan, waktu terlambat yang dimiliki oleh slag terberat dan waktu ekstrem sebagai pembanding. Hasil dari setiap sampel dilakukan pengujian karakterisasi seperti bentuk, ukuran dan komposisi kimia pada setiap sampel yang kemudian disesuaikan dengan perhitungan yang telah dibuat. Karakterisasi dianalisa dengan menggunakan X-ray diffraction, Scanning micrsocope elektro dan energy dispersive spectroscopy micro analysis. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan hukum stokes untuk memprediksi slag mencapai permukaan mendapatkan hasil yang sesuai bahwa seluruh slag mencapai permukaan pada waktu t = 230 s. Slag yang muncul pada waktu t = 300 s merupakan slag yang terbentuk akibat interaksi cairan dengan permukaan yang bukan merupakan slag yang terjadi dari raw material yang digunakan. Penelitian ini berhasil untuk meminimalisir terbentuknya slag pada setiap pengecoran besi cor menggunakan tanur induksi.
Analisis Kerentanan Bahaya Gempa Bumi Tektonik Merusak Berdasarkan Fungsi Atenuasi Zhao Di Nusa Tenggara Timur
Authors: Irjan Irjan , Luthfin Ahmad , Hidayati Septiana Nur
Published: November 2022

The East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) region which is located between 2 earthquakes, namely the tectonic plate subduction zone in the south and the Back Arc Thrust zone in the north, is very interesting to study considering the very active tectonic earthquakes that are significantly destructive in this region which have earthquake characteristics shallow and large magnitude. A study has been carried out that aims to determine the vulnerability of the tectonic earthquake to significant damage when seismic waves pass through these islands. The vulnerability information generated can be useful as a reference for disaster mitigation and factors that need to be considered before carrying out development in the NTT region. The input data studied are shallow earthquake data from 1997-2018 at a depth of 60 km and a magnitude M≥5 SR at coordinates 8o 30’-13o 10’ South Latitude and 118o 30’-125o 30’ East Longitude. The number of earthquake events is 198 data. The attenuation function used refers to the attenuation function Zhao, et. al 2006. The results of the study show that. the vulnerability of the tectonic earthquake to significant damage in the East Nusa Tenggara region clustered on the MMI V-VIII intensity scale. Most of these islands are clustered on the MMI VII-VIII intensity scale and only a small part is clustered on the V-VI MMI intensity scale. The NTT region which has an intensity scale of VII-VIII MMI has a high vulnerability to destructive earthquakes, so it is necessary to disseminate disaster mitigation from an early age to the public about the threat of earthquakes and it is recommended that this information be used as a reference in developing the area.
Unified fast reconstruction algorithm for conventional, phase-contrast, and diffraction tomography
Authors: Gureyev Timur E. , Brown Hamish G. , Quiney Harry M. , Allen Leslie J.
Published: November 2022

A unified method for three-dimensional reconstruction of objects from
transmission images collected at multiple illumination directions is
described. The method may be applicable to experimental conditions
relevant to absorption-based, phase-contrast, or diffraction imaging
using x rays, electrons, and other forms of penetrating radiation or
matter waves. Both the phase retrieval (also known as contrast
transfer function correction) and the effect of Ewald sphere curvature
(in the cases with a shallow depth of field and significant in-object
diffraction) are incorporated in the proposed algorithm and can be
taken into account. Multiple scattering is not treated explicitly but
can be mitigated as a result of angular averaging that constitutes an
essential feature of the method. The corresponding numerical algorithm
is based on three-dimensional gridding which allows for fast
computational implementation, including a straightforward
parallelization. The algorithm can be used with any scanning geometry
involving plane-wave illumination. A software code implementing the
proposed algorithm has been developed, tested on simulated and
experimental image data, and made publicly available.
Quantum-inspired protocol for measuring the degree of similarity between spatial shapes
Authors: Urrego Daniel F. , Torres Juan P.
Published: November 2022

We put forward and demonstrate experimentally a quantum-inspired protocol that allows us to quantify the degree of similarity between two spatial shapes embedded in two optical beams without the need to measure the amplitude and phase across each beam. Instead the sought-after information can be retrieved by measuring the degree of polarization of the combined optical beam, a measurement that is much easier to implement experimentally. The protocol makes use of non-separable optical beams, whose main trait is that different degrees of freedom (polarization and spatial shape here) cannot be described independently. One important characteristic of the method described is that it allows us to compare two unknown spatial shapes.
Laser-transmission-induced Raman emission masked by progressive transparency in polymer waveguides
Authors: Liu Jinyuan , Wang Chaoyang , Zhang Ziyang
Published: November 2022

Laser-transmission-induced Raman emission (LTIR) in polymer waveguides is observed and analyzed in this work. When injected with a 532-nm continuous-wave laser of 10 mW, the waveguide shows a distinct line of orange-to-red emission, which is quickly masked by the green light in the waveguide due to the laser-transmission-induced transparency (LTIT) at the source wavelength. However, when a filter is applied to remove the emission below 600 nm, a clear red line is shown in the waveguide, which stays constant over time. Detailed spectral measurements show that the polymer material can generate broadband fluorescence when illuminated with the 532-nm laser. However, a distinct Raman peak at 632 nm only appears when the laser is injected into the waveguide with much higher intensity. The LTIT effect is fitted based on experimental data to describe the generation and fast masking of the inherent fluorescence and LTIR effect empirically. The principle is analyzed through the material compositions. This discovery may trigger novel on-chip wavelength-converting devices using low-cost polymer materials and compact waveguide structures.
A silicon source of frequency-bin entangled photons
Authors: Andrea Sabattoli Federico , Gianini Linda , Simbula Angelica , Clementi Marco , Fincato Antonio , Boeuf Frederic , Liscidini Marco , Galli Matteo , Bajoni Daniele
Published: November 2022

We demonstrate an integrated source of frequency-entangled photon pairs on a silicon photonics chip. The emitter has a coincidence-to-accidental ratio exceeding 103. We prove entanglement by showing two-photon frequency interference with a visibility of 94.6% ± 1.1%. This result opens the possibility of on-chip integration of frequency-bin sources with modulators and the other active and passive devices available in the silicon photonics platform.
Topological polarization selection concentrator
Authors: Zhang Hongyu , Zhang Yuhan , Lu Cuicui
Published: November 2022

Topological polarization selection devices, which can separate topological photonic states of different polarizations into different positions, play a key role in the field of integrated photonics. However, there has been no effective method to realize such devices to date. Here, we have realized a topological polarization selection concentrator based on synthetic dimensions. The topological edge states of double polarization modes are constructed by introducing lattice translation as a synthetic dimension in a completed photonic bandgap photonic crystal with both TE and TM modes. The proposed device can work on multiple frequencies and is robust against disorders. This work provides a new,to the best of our knowledge, scheme to realize topological polarization selection devices, and it will enable practical applications such as topological polarization routers, optical storage, and optical buffers.
Opto-electrical and polarization performance of a mesa-structured InGaAs PIN detector integrated with subwavelength aluminum gratings
Authors: Zhang Junyang , Gao Zhendong , Wang Miao , Ding Guojian , Du Chunhua , Jiang Yang , Jia Haiqiang , Wang Wenxin , Chen Hong , Deng Zhen
Published: November 2022

Polarization detection in the short-wave infrared (SWIR) region presents broad applications in target-background contrast enhancement, underwater imaging, material classification, etc. A mesa structure can prevent electrical cross talk due to its intrinsic advantages, making it potentially suited to meet the need for manufacturing smaller-sized devices to save cost and shrink volume. In this Letter, mesa-structured InGaAs PIN detectors with a spectral response ranging from 900 nm to 1700 nm and a detectivity of 6.28 × 1011 cm·Hz1/2/W at 1550 nm and –0.1 V bias (room temperature) have been demonstrated. Furthermore, the devices with subwavelength gratings in four orientations show obvious polarization performance. Their extinction ratios (ERs) can reach 18:1 at 1550 nm and their transmittances are over 90%. Such a polarized device with a mesa structure could realize miniaturized SWIR polarization detection.
Wavelength-division multiplexing communications using integrated soliton microcomb laser source
Authors: Geng Yong , Xiao Yanlan , Bai Qingsong , Han Xinjie , Dong Wenchan , Wang Wenting , Xue Jinggu , Yao Baicheng , Deng Guangwei , Zhou Qiang , Qiu Kun , Xu Jing , Zhou Heng
Published: November 2022

In this Letter, we report an investigation of the feasibility and performance of wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) optical communications using an integrated perfect soliton crystal as the multi-channel laser source. First, we confirm that perfect soliton crystals pumped directly by a distributed-feedback (DFB) laser self-injection locked to the host microcavity has sufficiently low frequency and amplitude noise to encode advanced data formats. Second, perfect soliton crystals are exploited to boost the power level of each microcomb line, so that it can be directly used for data modulation, excluding preamplification. Third, in a proof-of-concept experiment, we demonstrate seven-channel 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) and 4-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) data transmissions using an integrated perfect soliton crystal as the laser carrier; excellent data receiving performance is obtained for various fiber link distances and amplifier configurations. Our study reveals that fully integrated Kerr soliton microcombs are viable and advantageous for optical data communications.
Monitoring the evaporation of a sessile water droplet with a chromatic confocal measurement system
Authors: Lan Jiantao , Wang Pei , Lu Yonghua
Published: November 2022

In this Letter, a chromatic confocal measurement system with high stability and accuracy is presented to monitor the evaporation of a sessile water droplet. The stability and accuracy of the system are tested by measuring the thickness of a cover glass. To compensate for the measurement error caused by the lensing effect of the sessile water droplet, a spherical cap model is proposed. Together with the parallel plate model, the contact angle of the water droplet can also be obtained. The evaporation process of sessile water droplet under different environment is monitored experimentally in this work, which demonstrates the potential application of chromatic confocal measurement system in the field of experimental fluid dynamics.
Coherent N2
+ emission mediated by coherent Raman scattering for gas-phase thermometry
Authors: Mazza Francesco , Buurmeijer Hugo , Castellanos Leonardo , Bohlin Alexis
Published: November 2022

We report on the generation of coherent emission from femtosecond (fs) laser-induced filaments mediated by ultrabroadband coherent Raman scattering (CRS), and we investigate its application for high-resolution gas-phase thermometry. Broadband 35-fs, 800-nm pump pulses generate the filament through photoionization of the N2 molecules, while narrowband picosecond (ps) pulses at 400 nm seed the fluorescent plasma medium via generation of an ultrabroadband CRS signal, resulting in a narrowband and highly spatiotemporally coherent emission at 428 nm. This emission satisfies the phase-matching for the crossed pump-probe beams geometry, and its polarization follows the CRS signal polarization. We perform spectroscopy on the coherent N2+ signal to investigate the rotational energy distribution of the N2+ ions in the excited B2Σu+ electronic state and demonstrate that the ionization mechanism of the N2 molecules preserves the original Boltzmann distribution to within the experimental conditions tested.
Sleep and wake cycles dynamically modulate hippocampal inhibitory synaptic plasticity
Authors: Wu Kunwei , Han Wenyan , Lu Wei
Published: November 2022

Sleep is an essential process that consolidates memories by modulating synapses through poorly understood mechanisms. Here, we report that GABAergic synapses in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons undergo daily rhythmic alterations. Specifically, wake inhibits phasic inhibition, whereas it promotes tonic inhibition compared to sleep. We further utilize a model of chemically induced inhibitory long-term potentiation (iLTP) to examine inhibitory plasticity. Intriguingly, while CA1 pyramidal neurons in both wake and sleep mice undergo iLTP, wake mice have a much higher magnitude. We also employ optogenetics and observe that inhibitory inputs from parvalbumin-, but not somatostatin-, expressing interneurons contribute to dynamic iLTP during sleep and wake. Finally, we demonstrate that synaptic insertion of α5-GABAAreceptors underlies the wake-specific enhancement of iLTP at parvalbumin-synapses, which is independent of time of the day. These data reveal a previously unappreciated daily oscillation of inhibitory LTP in hippocampal neurons and uncover a dynamic contribution of inhibitory synapses in memory mechanisms across sleep and wake.
Knowledge, attitudes, and positions of religious leaders towards female genital cutting: A cross-sectional study from the Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Authors: Mahmood Kazhan I. , Shabu Sherzad A. , M-Amen Karwan , Saleh Abubakir M. , Ahmed Hamdia , Mzori Barzhang Q. , Shabila Nazar P.
Published: November 2022

Background

Understanding the perspectives of the key players in the community regarding female genital cutting (FGC) is very important for directing preventive programs. Religious leaders help shape community behaviors, which is highly pertinent in the case of FGC as it is frequently perceived to be a religious requirement. This study assesses religious leaders’ knowledge, attitudes, and positions towards FGC in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. It included a purposive sample of 147 local religious leaders (khateebs) representing the three governorates of Erbil, Sulaimaniyah, and Duhok. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data about the religious leaders’ knowledge, attitude, and position towards FGC.

Results

The participants identified reduction of the sexual desire of women as the main benefit (37%) and risk (24%) of FGC. Cultural tradition and religious requirements were the main reported reasons for practicing FGC. About 59% of the religious leaders stated that people ask for their advice on FGC. Around 14% of the participants supported performing FGC, compared to 39.1% who opposed it. Religious (73.9%) and cultural (26.1%) rationales were the main reasons given for supporting FGC. Being a cultural practice with harmful effects (53.5%) and lack of clear religious evidence (46.6%) were the main reasons for being against FGC. Around 52% of the participants recommended banning FGC by law, while 43.5% did not support banning it. A statistically significant association (P = 0.015) was found between religious leaders’ residence and their position on performing FGC. More than 46% of those residing in Duhok were against performing FGC, compared to lower proportions in Erbil (38.8%) and Sulaimaniyah (30%).

Conclusion

Religious leaders believed that cultural tradition was the main reason behind practicing FGC and they believed that FGC is not common in KRI, and even that it is decreasing. The religious leaders in our study reported that they could have an influential role in the FGC issue due to their position in the community. There was no statistically significant association between religious leaders’ age, education level, or work experience and their position on performing FGC. However, a statistically significant association was found between religious leaders’ residence and their position on performing FGC. A conclusive decision concerning the prohibition of FGC needs to be made by religious authorities. Health awareness activities incorporating FGC risks should be carried out to inform religious leaders at different levels of religious positions. Further research exploring perspectives of religious authorities concerning religious leaders’ inconclusive judgment about FGC is deemed necessary.
The incidence of candidate binding sites for β-arrestin in Drosophila neuropeptide GPCRs
Authors: Taghert Paul H.
Published: November 2022

To support studies of neuropeptide neuromodulation, I have studied beta-arrestin binding sites (BBS’s) by evaluating the incidence of BBS sequences among the C terminal tails (CTs) of each of the 49 Drosophila melanogaster neuropeptide GPCRs. BBS were identified by matches with a prediction derived from structural analysis of rhodopsin:arrestin and vasopressin receptor: arrestin complexes [1]. To increase the rigor of the identification, I determined the conservation of BBS sequences between two long-diverged species D. melanogaster and D. virilis. There is great diversity in the profile of BBS’s in this group of GPCRs. I present evidence for conserved BBS’s in a majority of the Drosophila neuropeptide GPCRs; notably some have no conserved BBS sequences. In addition, certain GPCRs display numerous conserved compound BBS’s, and many GPCRs display BBS-like sequences in their intracellular loop (ICL) domains as well. Finally, 20 of the neuropeptide GPCRs are expressed as protein isoforms that vary in their CT domains. BBS profiles are typically different across related isoforms suggesting a need to diversify and regulate the extent and nature of GPCR:arrestin interactions. This work provides the initial basis to initiate future in vivo, genetic analyses in Drosophila to evaluate the roles of arrestins in neuropeptide GPCR desensitization, trafficking and signaling.
A novel application of neural networks to identify potentially effective combinations of biologic factors for enhancement of bone fusion/repair
Authors: Anastasio Albert T. , Zinger Bailey S. , Anastasio Thomas J.
Published: November 2022

Introduction

The use of biologic adjuvants (orthobiologics) is becoming commonplace in orthopaedic surgery. Among other applications, biologics are often added to enhance fusion rates in spinal surgery and to promote bone healing in complex fracture patterns. Generally, orthopaedic surgeons use only one biomolecular agent (ie allograft with embedded bone morphogenic protein-2) rather than several agents acting in concert. Bone fusion, however, is a highly multifactorial process and it likely could be more effectively enhanced using biologic factors in combination, acting synergistically. We used artificial neural networks, trained via machine learning on experimental data on orthobiologic interventions and their outcomes, to identify combinations of orthobiologic factors that potentially would be more effective than single agents. This use of machine learning applied to orthobiologic interventions is unprecedented.

Methods

Available data on the outcomes associated with various orthopaedic biologic agents, electrical stimulation, and pulsed ultrasound were curated from the literature and assembled into a form suitable for machine learning. The best among many different types of neural networks was chosen for its ability to generalize over this dataset, and that network was used to make predictions concerning the expected efficacy of 2400 medically feasible combinations of 9 different agents and treatments.

Results

The most effective combinations were high in the bone-morphogenic proteins (BMP) 2 and 7 (BMP2, 15mg; BMP7, 5mg), and in osteogenin (150ug). In some of the most effective combinations, electrical stimulation could substitute for osteogenin. Some other effective combinations also included bone marrow aspirate concentrate. BMP2 and BMP7 appear to have the strongest pairwise linkage of the factors analyzed in this study.

Conclusions

Artificial neural networks are powerful forms of artificial intelligence that can be applied readily in the orthopaedic domain, but neural network predictions improve along with the amount of data available to train them. This study provides a starting point from which networks trained on future, expanded datasets can be developed. Yet even this initial model makes specific predictions concerning potentially effective combinatorial therapeutics that should be verified experimentally. Furthermore, our analysis provides an avenue for further research into the basic science of bone healing by demonstrating agents that appear to be linked in function.
NF kappa B regulator Bcl3 controls development and function of classical dendritic cells required for resistance to Toxoplasma gondii
Authors: Guha June , Kang Byunghyun , Claudio Estefania , Redekar Neelam R. , Wang Hongshan , Kelsall Brian L. , Siebenlist Ulrich , Murphy Philip M.
Published: November 2022

The atypical IκB family member Bcl3 associates with p50/NF-κB1 or p52/NF-κB2 homodimers in the nucleus, and positively or negatively modulates transcription in a context-dependent manner. In mice lacking Bcl3 globally or specifically in CD11c+cells, we previously reported thatToxoplasma gondiiinfection is uniformly fatal and is associated with an impaired Th1 immune response. Since Bcl3 expression in dendritic cells (DC) is pivotal for antigen presentation and since classical DCs (cDC) are major antigen presenting cells, we investigated the role of Bcl3 specifically in cDCsin vivoby crossing Zbtb46 cre mice withBcl3flx/flxmice.Bcl3flx/flxZbtb46 cremice were as susceptible to lethalT.gondiiinfection as totalBcl3-/-mice and generated poor Th1 immune responses. Consistent with this, compared to wildtype controls, splenic Xcr1+Bcl3-deficient cDC1 cells were defective in presenting Ova antigen to OT-I cells both for Ova257-264peptide and after infection with Ovalbumin-expressingT.gondii. Moreover, splenic CD4+and CD8+T cells from infectedBcl3flx/flxZbtb46 cremice exhibited decreasedT.gondii-specific priming as revealed by both reduced cytokine production and reducedT.gondii-specific tetramer staining.In vitrodifferentiation of cDCs from bone marrow progenitors also revealed Bcl3-dependent cDC-specific antigen-presentation activity. Consistent with this, splenocyte single cell RNA seq (scRNAseq) in infected mice revealed Bcl3-dependent expression of genes involved in antigen processing in cDCs. We also identified by scRNAseq, a unique Bcl3-dependent hybrid subpopulation of Zbtb46+DCs co-expressing the monocyte/macrophage transcription factor Lysozyme M. This subpopulation exhibited Bcl3-dependent expansion after infection. Likewise, by flow cytometry we identified twoT.gondii-induced hybrid subpopulations of Bcl3-dependent cDC1 and cDC2 cells both expressing monocyte/macrophage markers, designated as icDC1 and icDC2. Together, our results indicate that Bcl3 in classical DCs is a major determinant of protective T cell responses and survival inT.gondii-infection.
‘Girls and Women in Popular Music Education’
Authors: Campbell Patricia Shehan
Published: November 2022

Guest Editor Patricia Shehan Campbell introduces this Special Issue of the Journal of Popular Music Education focusing on ‘Girls and Women in Popular Music Education’. Campbell briefly sets the scene, articulating something of the urgency of the need to pay more and long overdue attention to women in popular music – both in and for popular music education. Campbell introduces articles by each of the authors featured in this Special Issue, outlining the thrust and key points in each case. She introduces Claire Anderson’s article on spectaculars; Lloyd McArton’s paper on Toronto indie musicians; Clayton Dahm’s writing on Malian musician Oumou Sangaré; Kelsey Guo and Mari Shiobara’s piece about the enduring appeal of Teresa Teng; J. Michael Kohfeld’s article about LGBTQ+ representation in college music curricula; Carol Shansky’s article on well-known harmonica players; Ailbhe Kenny’s study of African migrant DJs in Ireland; and Juliana Cantarelli Vita’s paper about the Brazilian ensemble, Dita Curva.
Natural, tender and unstrained: Teresa Teng in Chinese and Japanese music education
Authors: Guo Ke , Shiobara Mari
Published: November 2022

As a popular icon across several cultures in East and South East Asia, Teresa Teng demonstrated and promoted natural, tender and unstrained aesthetics for beautiful singing. Although never included in either Chinese or Japanese formal music education curricula, Teng’s music provided an alternative for people to express their emotions outside of school music education and gradually influenced the aesthetic standard for singing in music education for generations. Through historical and cultural reporting, as well as an autobiographical narration, this article explores the significant influence of Teresa Teng in Chinese and Japanese music education realms from the late twentieth century until today.
Claiming feminist performance spaces within Brazilian música popular: The poetic promenade Dita Curva
Authors: Cantarelli Vita Juliana
Published: November 2022

A twofold ethnographic examination, this article gathers narrative accounts from a particular group of women who coalesced in 2017 on the coastal city of the Brazilian north-east, Recife. Described as a ‘poetic promenade’ between women songwriters and poets, ‘A Dita Curva’ came, indeed, as a poetic response during a wave of strong conservatism in Brazil. Three questions summarize the inquiries brought forward in this article: In which ways are theditasquestioning gender performativity within gender roles? How do they adapt and adopt feminist creative processes? How can these processes be applied to formal settings of music education? The article also situates Brazilian popular music within the country’s different regions as an attempt to challenge global notions of what Brazilian popular music constitutes. In this article, the term ‘women’ relate to persons self-identified as such, independently of how they were assigned at birth; analyses of behaviours of women are not linked to biology but to societal contexts, and gender is understood as neither binary, static nor fixed. Lastly, the discussion of gender is one seen through the lens of intersectionality, meaning that analyses of gender, race and class do not happen in an isolated manner but as inseparable categories. To write about thedita curvasis, in a way, to write about me. I share in many ways their existence within popular music and this field. I was born and raised in the same city where they have convened, and as a female artist and creator myself I have encountered similar barriers they have sought to identify and rebel against.
Integrating STEM with Music: Units, Lessons, and Adaptations for K–12, Shawna Longo and Zachary Gates (2021)
Authors: Johnson Graham , Moldavan Alesia Mickle
Published: November 2022

Review of: Integrating STEM with Music: Units, Lessons, and Adaptations for K–12, Shawna Longo and Zachary Gates (2021)

New York: Oxford University Press, 224 pp.,

ISBN 978-0-19754-677-2, p/bk, $29.95
Kualitas Hidup Anak dengan Kanker menggunakan Penilaian Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Abdul Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda
Authors: Anggreini Marnellya Sylvia , Supit Diane Meytha
Published: November 2022

Latar belakang. Terapi kanker pada anak dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup pasien serta keluarga. Pediatric Quality of Life (PedsQL) Inventory merupakan kuesioner yang digunakan untuk menilai kualitas hidup anak. Tujuan. Untuk membandingkan kualitas hidup anak dengan kanker berdasarkan penilaian orang tua dan anak, serta menilai kualitas hidup anak pada kanker darah dan solid tumor. Metode. Penelitan cross-sectional dilakukan pada usia 2-18 tahun di Bangsal rawat inap anak Rumah Sakit RSUD Abdul Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda dari bulan Juni hingga Agustus 2021. Subjek penelitian mengisi kuesioner PedsQL 4.0 dan PedsQL 3.0 modul kanker. Uji statistik independent T-test digunakan untuk membandingkan kualitas hidup anak dengan kanker. Hasil. Total subjek penelitian adalah 43. Hasil PedsQL 4.0 pada anak dengan kanker dan orang tua serta PedsQL 3.0 antara anak dengan kanker darah dan solid tumor yaitu : fungsi fisik 65,39 vs 70,28, fungsi emosi 58,95 vs 62,06, fungsi sosial 69,77 vs 72,89, dan fungsi sekolah 63,30 vs 65,76. Kualitas hidup yang lebih rendah pada penilaian oleh orang tua dibandingkan anak. Kesimpulan. Perbedaan penilaian kualitas hidup antara orang tua dan anak pada keempat parameter yang dinilai menggunakan PedsQL serta penilaian kualitas hidup anak paling rendah pada domain nyeri dikedua kelompok subjek.
Pengaruh Pemberian Probiotik Terhadap Integritas Usus pada Obesitas: Uji Coba pada Tikus Sprague Dawley
Authors: Ulfah Mira Mariana , Kusumawati Ninung Rose Diana
Published: November 2022

Latar belakang. Obesitas berhubungan dengan perubahan komposisi mikrobiota usus yang dapat mengganggu integritas usus. Protein pengikat tight junction, occludin, ekspresinya berkurang saat integritas usus terganggu. Probiotik dilaporkan dapat memperbaiki ekspresi occludin dengan cara modulasi mikrobiota usus. Tujuan. Membuktikan adanya pengaruh pemberian probiotik terhadap integritas usus melalui peningkatan ekspresi occludin pada obesitas. Metode. Tiga puluh ekor tikus Sprague Dawley jantan dibagi tiga kelompok dan diberi diet berbeda, yaitu kelompok chow diet selama 8 minggu (Kn), kelompok high fat high fructose diet (HFHFr) selama 12 minggu (Kp), dan kelompok HFHFr selama 12 minggu dilanjutkan dengan pemberian probiotik (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium longum, dan Streptococcus thermophiles) selama 8 minggu (P). Setelah selesai masa perlakuan, setiap kelompok dilakukan pemeriksaan imunohistokimia dari potongan jaringan ileum yang diwarnai occludin lalu gambar difoto menggunakan system VS120-S5. Skoring ekspresi occludin menggunakan indeks skala Remmele, Immuno Reactive Score, yaitu perkalian skor persentase sel immunoreaktif dengan skor intensitas warna sel immunoreaktif. Uji normalitas distribusi data menggunakan uji Saphiro Wilk, kemudian uji beda ekspresi occludin pada ketiga kelompok dengan uji One Way Anova, perbedaan bermakna apabila nilai p<0,05.Hasil. Ekspresi occludin dari yang paling rendah secara berurutan sebagai berikut: Kp (3,64+1,29); P (3,95+1,40); dan Kn (4,71+1,66). Tidak terdapat perbedaan ekspresi occludin yang bermakna pada ketiga kelompok tikus (p=0,261). Kesimpulan. Pemberian probiotik tidak memberikan pengaruh terhadap integritas usus melalui peningkatan ekspresi occludin pada obesitas.
Manifestasi Kelainan Neurologi pada Anak dengan Penyakit Ginjal Kronik
Authors: Handryastuti Setyo , Pardede Sudung Oloan
Published: November 2022

Penyakit ginjal kronik (PGK) adalah masalah kesehatan global yang kritis dan berkembang pesat pada anak-anak. Salah satu komplikasi yang sering terjadi secara klinis pada anak-anak dengan PGK adalah komplikasi neurologis seperti kejang, sakit kepala, penurunan kesadaran, perubahan perilaku dan masalah kognitif. Hal ini dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor seperti, stadium (terutama pada stadium akhir), etiologi yang mendasari, dan pilihan pengobatan PGK (dialisis dan transplantasi ginjal). Pengenalan komplikasi neurologis pada anak dengan PGK sangat penting untuk diantisipasi karena anak sedang dalam proses tumbuh kembang. Deteksi dini dan pengelolaan komplikasi neurologis pada anak-anak dengan PGK secara dini dapat membuka jendela peluang untuk mengurangi dampaknya pada tumbuh kembang dan kualitas hidup anak dengan PGK.
What Comes after a Cycle of Protests?
Authors: Muszel Magdalena , Piotrowski Grzegorz
Published: November 2022

Two years after the peak of the 2020 street protests for reproductive rights in Poland, Magdalena Muszel and Grzegorz Piotrowski explore the movement's effects on Polish society. Despite the dissipating energy of the participants and continued intransigence of most major parties, this cycle of protests shifted the values and political preferences of specific gender and age groups, as well as affecting the common perception of protest movements in Poland.
Bhima Koregaon—Before the Law
Authors: Giri Saroj
Published: November 2022

Bhima Koregaon is that rare sequence in Indian politics today that can challenge reveal the true powers of being able to retroactively "change the past" in order to liberate the future, much in the manner of Marx's historical materialism. The case, Saroj Giri writes, forces us to revisit the question of historical oppression based on caste from within the present, and beckons us to reject the capitalist accelerationist-futurist "progressive politics" of much of the left, taking us closer to the class struggle of Marx.
Fiscal cuts in education and their effects: Politicising learned helplessness as a disciplinary technology in education leaders in Catalonia. An exploratory research study
Authors: Collet-Sabé Jordi , Garcia-Molsosa Marta , Clarke Matthew , Haines Lyon Charlotte
Published: November 2022

The paper aims to explore how head teachers and other education service leaders and their teams have been experiencing shifts in their identities during the last decade of education cuts in Catalonia (Spain), and the possible effects during the current COVID-19 crisis on educational leaders. Our exploratory hypothesis covers the crisis years (2008–2015) and on into the non-recovery years (2015–2020) until the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. During these years, through what Ball (2008) describes as a “ratchet effect,” education cuts and their everyday effects in schools produced learned helplessness (LH) in head teachers and leaders. Theoretically, we propose to examine this malaise from a political angle, seeing it as a disciplinary technology to transform education leaders’ identity and practices. To corroborate this, we conducted four interviews with head teachers of different public primary, secondary, and special education schools, and a psychopedagogical service leader in the same semi-rural area in Catalonia. The exploratory results show that the incremental and selective cuts soon became a new normal and created feelings of (political) learned helplessness that may be seen not as negative side effects but as a disciplinary technology that reshaped leaders’ subjectivity. At the same time, education leaders carried out some (ir)responsible practices of resistance that can be understood as care of the self and others. More research needs to be done with different agents to capture the complexity and ambiguity of cuts and LH as a political phenomenon.
Governança universitária e relacionamento com os stakeholders: A visão dos gestores
Authors: Alano Gesser Graziele , De Oliveira Clésia Maria , Magagnin Roczanski Carla Regina , De Melo Pedro Antônio
Published: November 2022

A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar os principais stakeholders de uma universidade pública e analisar a partir do que são identificadas as principais demandas deles em relação às informações da instituição. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, descritivo realizado por meio de estudo de caso. O tema governança universitária é pouco abordado nas investigações científicas realizadas no Brasil e tem seu conceito fundado a partir da aplicação da abordagem da governança ao contexto universitário. Essa investigação possibilitou identificar, a partir da percepção dos gestores, quais os principais stakeholders das universidades públicas. Os resultados demonstraram que as universidades públicas têm diversos atores envolvidos, sendo que os órgãos de controle foram o grupo mais citado pelos entrevistados como o principal usuário de informações, seguido pelos servidores, MEC, organizações da sociedade civil e alunos. Os grupos servidores e alunos aparecem mais citados pelos entrevistados tanto como usuário de informações, quanto como participantes das decisões, o que indica um papel relevante destes dois grupos no sistema de governança universitária.