bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Case Study of Section Milling Field Run Leads to Technology Design Optimization Using Advanced Numerical Simulations and Modeling
Authors: Deshpande Kedar , Haq Mohammed A. , Smalley Michael
Published: April 2017

In recent years, plug and abandonment (P&A) technologies have been receiving greater global attention as more and more fields reach the end of their productive life. The objective of permanent P&A is permanent isolation. Several operators have requested the development of a section mill capable of milling two adjacent casing strings. Removing two adjacent casing strings enables a permanent, solid-cement "rock-to-rock" barrier across the formation in open hole. Various methods have been used to section mill dual casing strings with results ranging from costly multiple trips to total failures. The scope of the project was to develop a milling system that permits the removal of both 9 5/8-in. and 13 3/8-in. (or 13 5/8-in.) casing in either one trip or multiple trips into and out of the well. The new milling system should be capable of handling different flow rates for successful tool operation and efficient hole cleaning. The focus of the new milling system also was to minimize trips and bottomhole assembly handling to reduce operational cost. The new technology enables the removal of more than 100-ft (30-m) section of inner and outer casings in multiple trips. In this work, we conducted extensive numerical simulations using computational fluid dynamics to achieve the best possible milling system configuration.
Clarifying and Improving the Application of Waterflood Analytical Methods in X-Plot Conditions – From Empirical Approach to Analytical Approach
Authors: Yang Zhengming
Published: April 2017

X-plot method is the waterflood analysis method derived from 1-D Buckley-Leverett equation (Ershaghi and Omoregie, 1978) based on a semi-log relationship between oil/water relative permeability ratio and water saturation. X-plot method (Qo=mX+n) is a linear relationship between cumulative oil (Qo) and a water-cut feature variable X=ln(1/fw-1)-1/fw. Using an empirical approach, the slope m and intercept n are determined by linear-regression of historical production data and then extrapolated to a higher water-cut to predict recoverable oil. The limitations to field application include: 1) post-breakthrough waterflood period; 2) unfavorable mobility ratio in 3-D field condition; and 3) major pattern reconfiguration events such as infill-drilling and perforation interval addition may impact parameters m and n. Clarifying those limitations and their impact will minimize uncertainty and bias in the practical application.

X-plot condition is defined as the water saturation range or recovery period when the X-plot method applies which is from water breakthrough to an economically feasible higher water-cut. The objective of this paper is to clarify and improve the application of waterflood analytical methods in X-plot conditions. Various analytical methods have been developed and their internal relation with the X-plot method in field condition are clarified. An analytical approach is proposed, where the X-plot method slope m and intercept n are determined by diagnosing production performance rather than by empirical regression. With parameters m and n determined analytically, the X-plot method is applied to forecast recoverable oil. The 1-D model case and field case studies compare the X-plot method in analytical and empirical approaches. The case studies indicate that with only minimal post-breakthrough waterflood production data the analytical approach for X-plot method will reduce uncertainty and bias in the long-term recoverable oil prediction.
Improved Oil Recovery Estimation with Data Analytic Methods: A Workflow for Open Data Analysis
Authors: Kronkosky Chad E. , Kronkosky Blake C. , Ettehadtavakkol Amin
Published: April 2017

Reserve evaluators use the Secondary to Primary recovery ratio (S:P ratio) to infer a first-order reserve estimate for Improved Oil Recovery (IOR) project screening. Determining S:P ratios via analog processes (e.g. data gathering, screening properties, reserve estimates, etc.) is tedious; implementing data analytic methods improves our understanding of the risks and uncertianies associated with reserve/resource estimates for IOR projects by allowing evaluators the ability to analyze significant amounts of data readily.

The objective of this paper is to illustrate an application of data analytic methods for IOR performance estimates using geospatial datasets with historical waterflood records in the State of Texas. A spatial- temporal correlation workflow is applied to quantify the uncertainty of IOR estimates based on spatial proximity and S:P ratios. Multivariate regression was applied to predict IOR estimates and validated with exsisting projects. The results show spatial proximity by itself is not a reliable method for the IOR estimation; S:P ratios vary significantly with nearby analgous projects. In addition, the uncertainty analysis herein provides an insight to the reliability of IOR estimates. The example modeling results provided in this paper are spourous, and not to be taken as a final reserve/resource analysis; the analytic methods presented in this paper can serve as tuning and screening tools for performance prediction of IOR prospects.
Incorporation of Formation Water into Rate-Transient Analysis of Tight Oil Wells with High Water-Oil Ratio: A Field Example from North America
Authors: Qanbari F. , Clarkson C. R. , Shahamat M. S.
Published: April 2017

Analysis of water production from multi-fractured horizontal wells in tight oil reservoirs has been mostly limited to analytical and/or numerical modeling of early-time fracture water production during flowback. During the flowback period, flush production of water occurs with a rapid decline in water rate. The rapid decline in water rate has tempted practitioners to ignore the impact of water production on rate-transient analysis (RTA) of multi-fractured horizontal wells (MFHWs) during the online production period. However, some tight oil reservoirs exhibit high water-oil ratios (WORs) throughout their production history. In these cases, water production should be included in RTA to ensure accurate hydraulic fracture characterization, short- and long-term rate forecasting, and fluid-in-place estimation, amongst other applications.

In this study, two analytical methods are developed for incorporating formation water production into RTA of tight oil reservoirs producing during the transient linear flow period based on two scenarios: 1) water and oil producing from the same reservoir layer and 2) water and oil producing from different reservoir layers. For the first scenario, an estimate of formation water saturation is obtained using WOR history which, in turn, is used in an analytical method (facilitated by decoupling of phase saturations and pressure) to correct the single-phase oil or two-phase oil and gas RTA results. For the second scenario, the linear flow parameters calculated from corrected linear flow analysis of hydrocarbon (single-phase oil or two-phase oil and gas) and water layers are combined to obtain the total linear flow parameter.

Practical application of the proposed analytical methods is demonstrated using a field example from a North American tight oil reservoir (with formation WOR ~ 1.3). The studied MFHW was first history-matched using the two water production scenarios – the linear flow parameter (Aki) was then calculated based on the simulation model match parameters. The results of the analytical methods used to correct for water production (for the two scenarios) were then compared with the numerical simulation results and determined to be within acceptable engineering error (10 %). This study further reveals that neglecting formation water production in RTA of this well leads to unacceptable errors (exceeding 100%) in the linear flow parameter estimates.

The current study provides novel practical methods for correcting RTA to account for high formation water production. The methods are proved to be robust, easy to implement, and effective in reducing the errors of the widely used single-phase oil, and recently developed two-phase oil and gas, RTA models.
Quantification of Recovery Factors in Downspaced Wells: Application to the Eagle Ford Shale
Authors: Sinha Saurabh , Devegowda Deepak , Deka Bhabesh
Published: April 2017

In this paper, we present the results of an elaborate simulation study from the Eagle Ford shale by integrating rate transient analysis (RTA), microseimic interpretation and rock typing to quantify the well recovery factors.

First, we builda fine-scale geocellular model to represent the lithology of Eagle Ford Shale (EFS)in interest. A fully compositional fluid model wasthen integrated into the geocellular model. The stimulated rock volume (SRV) is based on microseimic data interpretation. The permeability of the system is calibrated from rate transient analysis (RTA) using the methodology suggested by (Suliman et al. 2013). Historical production data of a 500'conventional spacing 3-well PAD is then matched and the sensitivity to well spacing is then carried out using the history-matched model in two configurations. These are same layer completions and staggered well completions. Recovery factors are then quantified with the help of expected ultimate recovery (EUR) calculated from simulation forecasts and original gas in place (OGIP) calculated with the help of volumetric calculation.

Our results show that the conventional 500'spacing is not optimal in the rich condensate area of the Eagle Ford shale. Additionally, there were little to no difference in the predicted EUR's in staggered or same layer completions. Microseismic data suggests that the fracture grows up to the top of EFS and is not limited to the lower EFS. We also perform sensitivity studies with respect to drawdown that show minimal or no condensate banking with choke management. Early-time condensate banking is however very sensitive to higher drawdown pressures.
Economic Potentials of a Carbon Market on American Oil Industry: A System Dynamics Approach
Authors: Rafieisakhaei Mohammadhussein , Barazandeh Babak
Published: April 2017

Sustainable development has become the major key phrase for a vast number of academic researches. It is referred to the sustained economic development without destruction of the natural environment. It has been shown by various studies that these the economy and environment are eventually inseparable. Most agencies produce reports on their sustainability practices each year, which increases the awareness of the society and its individual players regarding the best practices and provides feedback on moving towards a sustainable society.

On the other hand, the increasing rate of the average global temperature indicates the growing required effort on controlling the phenomena. Otherwise, its impacts can extend to every aspect of the human life beyond the economic welfare. One solution to slow down the climate change is to regulate the carbon emissions that are produced by the fossil-fuel-dependent industries, in order to stimulate the shift from the carbon-heavy fuels towards clean renewable resources. Carbon markets that are implemented across the European Union (EU) has shown a successful result on reduction of carbon emissions, which is confirmed by the EU data.

In this paper, we provide a system dynamics approach on studying the effects of the carbon market implementation on US industries, particularly, oil and oil-dependent industries which are responsible for a major portion of the carbon emissions. In order for this, we provide a system dynamics model of the factors that are involved in the sustainable development of a society and connect it to the carbon market and oil market models to provide means of understanding possible economic impacts of the carbon market implementation in the US.
Using Data-Driven Technologies to Accelerate the Field Development Planning Process for Mature Field Rejuvenation
Authors: Brown Jeremy B. , Salehi Amir , Benhallam Wassim , Matringe Sebastien F.
Published: April 2017

A data-driven technology and associated workflow for fast identification of field development opportunities in mature oil fields is presented, which accelerates the subsurface field development planning process and reduces the time requirement from months to weeks. Standard workflows in geology and engineering have been automated or machine-assisted, enabling field rejuvenation opportunities to be identified without requiring full-field simulation models. This technology is ideally suited for large, complex oil fields with large data sets (e.g. thousands of wells producing over many decades), and has been deployed in cases of brownfield rejuvenation, asset evaluation during acquisition activities, and as an independent validation system within internal review programs for large oil companies. The opportunities generated using these techniques are subject to a rigorous technical vetting by experienced subject matter experts, with the highest confidence opportunities being matured and high- graded. A case study is presented for a large, stratigraphically complex waterflood in North America, wherein a subsurface field development plan was prepared using these techniques, with specific opportunities in well operations, production uplift, recompletion targeting pay-behind-pipe, infill and step-out drilling locations, and waterflood optimization.
Hydraulic Fracture Propagation Modeling for Well Performance Analysis: Eagle Ford Formation Case Study
Authors: Eker Erdinc , Uzun Ilkay , Kazemi Hossein , Rutledge J. M.
Published: April 2017

The geometry of the hydraulic fractures affects well productivity in unconventional shale reservoirs. Modeling hydraulic fractures require simplifying assumptions because of the complexity of the rock deformation and the quality of rock physics data available. Nonetheless, modeling hydraulic fractures provides insight about the well productivity of unconventional reservoirs. In hydraulic fracture modeling, we generally assume the fracture geometry based on laboratory observations and invoke force balance on the conceptual physical model to arrive at governing equations. In this paper, we present a practical approach to modeling and estimating hydraulic fracture length and width using well stimulation treatment data in Eagle Ford formation. Our model relies on fracture propagation theory of Perkins, Kern, and Nordgren (PKN) and utilizes acoustic log rock mechanical properties and fracture treatment data for each stage. Sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the effect of fluid leak-off, rock mechanical and fracturing fluid properties on hydraulic fracture propagation. We applied the model to every fracture stage of several Eagle Ford wells. The application of our model to the analysis of Eagle Ford well data revealed that fracture length is significantly more sensitive to the Young modulus than the Poisson ratio, and, in turn, this affected well productivity. The predicted hydraulic fracture geometry is consistent with the rate transient analysis of production data.
Optimal Temperature for Germination of Zephyra compacta (Tecophilaeaceae)
Authors: De la Cuadra Carlos , Vidal Alexis K. , Mansur Leví M.
Published: April 2017

Zephyra compacta is a geophyte plant endemic to Chile with the potential to be used as an ornamental crop. Its natural habitat is the coastal plains of the Atacama Desert, with a climate described as coastal desert with abundant cloudiness. This work analyzes the germination of Z. compacta seeds at 10, 15, 20, and 25 °C. Seeds were collected in 2011 and stored for 2 years and 4 months at 5 °C, until sowing. A mathematical model was used for germination analysis, p = A{1 − exp[−k(t − t0)]}, where p is the germination percentage at a certain time t, A is the final germination percentage, t0 is the estimated time of germination of the first seed, and k is the measure of the spread of the time to germination. Furthermore, the rate of germination of the median seed to germinate (1/tA/2) was included. The germination curves showed a coefficient of determination (R2) between 0.86 and 0.99. The results show that temperature range for germination is from 10 to 20 °C, where A is over 90%. In this range, other evaluated parameters (t0, k, and 1/tA/2) show no significant difference, with the exception of k at 15 °C. At this temperature, germination is obtained in a shorter period of time and could be considered as the optimal temperature within the range. Finally, 25 °C is a supraoptimal temperature, where the value of A decreased to 30%.
Método para auditorias de sistemas de gestión de calidad aplicando ingeniería de conocimiento
Authors: Giraldo Mejía Juan Camilo , Perdomo Wilder , Lopera Jorge Alonso , Montoya Diana María
Published: April 2017

Los sistemas de gestión de la calidad poseen lineamientos que permiten a las organizaciones manejar de manera eficiente y eficaz sus procesos, para lograr reconocimiento y mejorar su imagen, fidelizando sus clientes con sus productos o servicios de alta calidad. Este artículo presenta un método para realizar auditorías de sistemas de gestión de calidad.  El método de evaluación de auditorías se  soporta en un Sistema Basado en Conocimiento SBC, que se diseñó utilizando la metodología CommonKads, y en el proceso de desarrollo del método se evalúa la aplicación de la Norma Técnica Colombiana NTC-ISO 9001:2008, adoptada de la Organización Internacional de Estandarización (ISO).   Se integran los procesos de un Sistema de Gestión de la Calidad (SGC), la evaluación de hallazgos para una auditoría, y las características de un Sistema Basado en Conocimiento SBC.
Minería de datos aplicada a la detección de la deserción en adolescentes infractores
Authors: Gil Víctor , Velasco López Angélica
Published: April 2017

La deserción de adolescentes infractores de la ley que no están privados de la libertad pertenecientes a las comunidades terapéuticas administradas por la Congregación de Religiosos Terciarios Capuchinos, se ha convertido en una problemática que interrumpe el proceso de rehabilitación y pone en riesgo la integridad de los mismos en la sociedad. Este trabajo presenta un modelo para identificar adolescentes pertenecientes a estas instituciones candidatos a ser posibles desertores. Se empleó la técnica de minería de datos de búsqueda de relaciones entre variables, la cual permite identificar patrones en grandes volúmenes de información, facilitando la formulación de estrategias y la toma de decisiones en cualquier área de conocimiento. Se empleó una base de datos que reunía la información básica de 300 adolescentes: edad, sexo, consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, tipo de vivienda, zona de procedencia, número de ingresos semestrales y anuales a los programas de rehabilitación. Este trabajo concluye que el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas es el factor que más motiva a los adolescentes a desertar de estas instituciones, razón por la cual se deben formular e implementar estrategias que permitan evitar la proliferación de nuevos consumidores y rehabilitar a los existentes.
Aprendizaje basado en problemas en el camino a la innovación en ingeniería
Authors: Parra Castrillon Jose Eucaro , Amariles Camacho Mauricio José , Castro Castro Carlos Arturo
Published: April 2017

Una buena opción para promover la creatividad y la innovación es implementar procesos formativos que partan del análisis de problemas contextualizados. En esta vía, en vez de un enfoque centrado en los contenidos de un curso, la propuesta es diseñar ambientes de aprendizaje que motiven a los estudiantes a recrearse con situaciones complejas de la cotidianeidad. Bajo esta concepción de escenarios de Aprendizaje Basados en Problemas (ABP), en la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad de San Buenaventura - Sede Medellín –, desde 2013 se viene implementando una iniciativa que ha motivado el desarrollo de distintas estrategias docentes. Es así como bajo este marco se han implementado distintas estrategias para que los estudiantes creativamente propongan soluciones a las situaciones problemáticas. Lo anterior merece resaltarse si se tiene en cuenta que esas estrategias están inmersas dentro de un currículo tradicional centrado en asignaturas y unos procesos de evaluación clásicos que determinan técnicas e indicadores puntuales a veces sin contexto. En los párrafos siguientes se exponen las condiciones y formas como se ha desarrollado el ABP y asimismo, cuál ha sido su contribución a los propósitos pedagógicos para la innovación.
Arquitectura para la automatización del proceso de carga de información geográfica exigida en los informes de cumplimiento ambiental -ICA- : caso de estudio Colombia
Authors: Gomez Castañeda Juan Esteban , Valencia Hernandez Germán Mauricio , Quintero Zapata Oscar Dario
Published: April 2017

En el presente artículo se presenta una arquitectura de software para integrar archivos base en formato Microsoft Excel con ArcMap, para la automatización del proceso de carga de información geográfica al modelo de almacenamiento geográfico (Geodatabase) requerido en la presentación de Informes de Cumplimiento Ambiental –ICA-. Para lo cual, se tomaron como referencia de prueba cinco feature class con geometría tipo punto contenidos en el modelo ICA. La arquitectura consistió en la aplicación de dos herramientas informáticas: Debug y ArcMap. Debug es un software desarrollado por el equipo colaborador de la presente investigación con el fin de automatizar la creación de los archivos base en formato Microsoft Excel para la carga de información geográfica en la Geodatabase. En ArcMap, se desarrolló un modelo de conversión, espacialización y carga de información geográfica usando la consola de programación ModelBuilder, cuyo objetivo fue la conversión de los archivos de entrada en formato Microsoft Excel a un formato compatible con el software, la espacialización de las entidades geográficas y la incorporación de los feature class dentro de la Geodatabase de un ICA. La metodología se testeo con puntos aleatorios ubicados en el municipio de Medellín usando los cinco feature class del modelo de almacenamiento geográfico. El proceso de carga resultó ser mucho más eficiente y amigable con el usuario final.
Measuring winter precipitation and snow on the ground in northern polar regions
Authors: Janowicz J. R. , Stuefer S. L. , Sand K. , Leppänen L.
Published: April 2017

Measuring winter precipitation in cold and windy regions is recognized as a difficult task. Nonetheless, the accurate measurement of solid precipitation provides important input data for predicting snowmelt floods and avalanche danger and for monitoring climate change. The difficulties in measuring solid precipitation are associated with environmental factors and technological issues. Environmental factors that contribute to measurement errors include wind, freezing rain, rime, and a large range of solid particle shapes and sizes. Technological issues include gauge configuration, the need for remote, low-power-consumption operation, and difficult conditions for data transmission and retrieval. The objectives of this study were to review currently used gauges for measuring solid precipitation and snow on the ground, to summarize the positive and negative characteristics of each gauge, and to provide a discussion of best practices and design and performance criteria that might be used to stimulate research on new and/or improved precipitation gauges in Northern Research Basin (NRB) countries.
Assessing the abatement potential and cost of Chinese industrial water pollutants
Authors: Xie Huiming , Shen Manhong , Wei Chu
Published: April 2017

Water pollution is becoming an increasing threat to China's sustainable development. To respond to this challenge, China has pledged to cut emissions of two major water pollutants, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen (NH4), and has disaggregated the national target among provinces. However, the abatement potential and costs have not been thoroughly assessed. This paper aims to examine the reduction potential and associated costs of COD and NH4 in the Chinese industrial sector. A parametric directional distance function is applied to modeling joint production, in which COD and NH4 are treated simultaneously as byproducts of the production process. Using provincial data from 2003 to 2012, we find that 13.18% of COD and 13.27% of NH4 can be reduced if all provinces perform efficiently. The average abatement cost to cut one additional unit of COD and NH4 is 710 and 7,390 Yuan/kg, respectively. The abatement cost is significantly correlated with the economic development level, pollution intensity and capital-labor ratio. Our results call for a market-based instrument, such as an Emission Trading System, to assist China in achieving this environmental goal in a cost-effective way. Moreover, it will become more difficult and costly to control COD, while there still exists a ‘win-win’ opportunity to control NH4 emissions through efficiency improvements.
INTERNAÇÕES POR ABORTO ESPONTÂNEO: UM RETRATO DE SUA OCORRÊNCIA EM FORTALEZA
Authors: Ribeiro Camila Lima , Albuquerque Francisca De Oliveira , De Souza Adriano Rodrigues
Published: April 2017

Objetivo: o estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar as internações por aborto espontâneo no município de Fortaleza, Ceará, no período de 2010 a 2014. Metodologia: estudo descritivo exploratório, com dados obtidos por meio do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde. Resultados: os dados mostram que foram registradas 14.203 internações por abortamentos espontâneos, sendo 2010 o ano de maior incidência. Observou-se ainda que a maioria dos atendimentos concentrou-se no sistema público de saúde e a maior parte deles em caráter de urgência. Conclusões: os dados permitem afirmar a urgência do acesso da população à educação sexual nas escolas.Descritores: Aborto espontâneo, Saúde Reprodutiva, Epidemiologia.HOSPITALIZATION FROM MISCARRIAGES:A PORTRAIT OF ITS OCCURRENCE IN FORTALEZA.Objective: The study aimed to characterize hospitalizations from miscarriage in Fortaleza , Ceará, in the period 2010-2014. Methodology : A descriptive exploratory study , with data obtained from the Department of Health System Information . results: the data shows that 14,203 admissions were recorded from miscarriages, and 2010 being the year of highest incidence . It was also observed that most of the visits focused in the public health system and most of them on an urgent basis . Conclusions: The data allows us to state the urgency of sex education in schools for the population.Descriptors: Abortion Spontaneous, Reproductive health, Epidemiology.HOSPITALIZACIÓN POR ABORTO ESPONTÁNEO : UN RETRATO DE SU APARICIÓN EN FORTALEZA.Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio fue caracterizar las hospitalizaciones por aborto involuntario en Fortaleza , Ceará , en el período 2010-2014.Metodología: Un estudio exploratorio descriptivo, con datos obtenidos del Departamento de Información del Sistema de Salud . resultados : los datos muestran que 14,203 admisiones fueron registrados por abortos espontáneos , y 2010 , el año de mayor incidencia. También se observó que la mayoría de las visitas se centraron en el sistema de salud pública y la mayoría de ellos con carácter de urgencia . Conclusiones: Los datos permiten afirmar la urgencia de acceso de la población a la educación sexual en las escuelas.Descriptores: Aborto Espontáneo, Salud Reproductiva, Epidemiología.
INTERAÇÃO LÚDICA NA ATIVIDADE ASSISTIDA POR CÃES EM PEDIATRIA
Authors: Pereira Viviane Ribeiro , Nobre Marcia De Oliveira , Capella Sabrina , Vieira Ana Claudia Garcia
Published: April 2017

Objetivo: verificar a interação lúdica entre crianças e cães na Atividade Assistida por Animais. Metodologia: estudo descritivo, exploratório e de caráter transversal. Participaram 14 crianças internadas na pediatria de um hospital universitário e cães do Projeto Pet Terapia - Faculdade de Veterinária UFPel. Utilizou-se vídeo-gravação, fotos e questionário aplicado aos pais. Resultados: observou-se a interação entre crianças e cães, com foco na aproximação, brincadeiras, promoção do bem-estar, redução da tensão e incremento no humor. Conclusões: Atividade Assistida por Animais mostrou-se como estratégia inovadora de cuidado para enfermagem pediátrica, proporcionou atividades de lazer, relaxamento, diversão, interação lúdica e promoveu atmosfera acolhedora no referido contexto.Descritores: Atividade Assistida por Animais, Criança hospitalizada, Enfermagem Pediátrica.RECREATIONAL INTERACTION IN CANINE-ASSISTED ACTIVITIES IN PEDIATRICSObjective: to verify the playful interaction between children and dogs in a Animal Assisted Activity. Methodology: Descriptive exploratory cross - sectional study. Participants were 14 children admitted to the pediatrics of a University Hospital and dogs from the Pet Therapy Project - UFPel Veterinary School. The use of Video-recording, photos and questionnaire were applied to parents. Results: The interaction between children and dogs were observed, focusing on the approach, games, promotion of welfare, reduction of tension and increase in their mood. Conclusions: Animal-Assisted Activity proved to be an innovative strategy for pediatric nursing care, provided leisure activities, relaxation, fun, playful interaction and promoted a welcoming atmosphere in the context.Descriptors: Animal Assisted Therapy, Hospitalized Children, Pediatric Nursing.INTERACCIÓN RECREATIVA EN ACTIVIDADES CANINAS ASISTIDAS EN PEDIATRÍAObjetivo: Verificar la interacción lúdica entre los niños y perros en Actividad Asistida por Animais. Metodología: estudio exploratorio descriptivo de transversal. Participaro 14 niños hospitalizados en la pediatría de un hospital universitario y perros - CollegePet Project Terapia UFPel Veterinaria. Se utilizó la grabación de vídeo, fotos y cuestionario a los padres. Resultados:Fue observada lainteracción entre losniños y los perros, centrada em laaproximación, chistes, promoción del bienestar entre niños, reducción de la tensión e incremento del humor.Conclusiones: Actividad Asistida por Animales se presentaron como una estrategia innovadora de la atención de enfermería pediátrica, proporcionando actividades de ocio, relajación, diversión e interacción lúdicay promovidos ambiente agradable en ese contexto.Descriptores: Actividad Asistida por Animales, Niños Hospitalizados, Enfermería Pediatrica.
MORTALIDADE INFANTIL EM UMA CAPITAL DO NORDESTE BRASILEIRO
Authors: Araujo Filho Augusto Cezar Antunes de , De Araujo Anna Karolina Lages , Almeida Priscilla Dantas , Da Rocha Silvana Santiago
Published: April 2017

Objetivo: descrever a ocorrência da mortalidade infantil em Teresina (PI). Metodologia: estudo epidemiológico, descritivo, com dados secundários extraídos do Datasus, em que a população foi composta por todos os óbitos infantis, cujas mães são residentes em Teresina, no período de 2005 a 2014. Resultados: apesar das flutuações, houve declínio dos coeficientes de mortalidade neonatal, pós-neonatal e infantil. Houve predomínio de óbitos infantis em mães com idade entre 20 e 29 anos, e com escolaridade entre oito e 11 de estudo. Conclusão: existe a necessidade de melhorar políticas públicas e a assistência, embora tenha havido a redução da mortalidade infantil.Descritores: Mortalidade infantil, Epidemiologia, Enfermagem.INFANT MORTALITY IN A NORTHEAST BRAZILIAN CAPITALObjective: To describe the occurrence of infant mortality in Teresina (PI). Methodology: Descriptive epidemiological study with secondary data extracted from DATASUS, in which the population was composed of all infant deaths of mothers who are residents of Teresina, in the period from 2005 to 2014. Results: Despite fluctuations, neonatal, post-neonatal and infant mortality coefficients declined. There was a predominance of infant deaths in mothers aged between 20 and 29 years, and with education background between 8 and 11 grade. Conclusion: There is a need to improve public policies and assistance, even though there has been a reduction in child mortality.Descriptors: Infant Mortality, Epidemiology, Nursing.LA MORTALIDAD INFANTIL EN UNA CAPITAL DEL NORDESTE DE BRASILObjetivo: Describir la incidencia de la mortalidad infantil en Teresina (PI). Metodología: Estudio epidemiológico descriptivo con datos secundarios extraídos de DATASUS, en el que la población se compone de todas las muertes infantiles de las madres que residen en Teresina, en el período de 2005 a 2014. Resultados: A pesar de las fluctuaciones, neonatales, coeficientes de mortalidad post-neonatal e infantil se redujo. Hubo un predominio de las muertes infantiles en las madres de edades comprendidas entre los 20 y los 29 años, y con la educación entre ocho y 11 del estudio. Conclusión: Existe la necesidad de mejorar las políticas públicas y de asistencia, aunque se ha producido una reducción de la mortalidad infantil.Descriptores: Mortalidad Infantil, Epidemiología, Enfermería.
MARKETING PESSOAL E ENFERMAGEM: PROJEÇÃO PARA VISIBILIDADE SOCIAL DO ENFERMEIRO
Authors: Andrade Josivaldo Barreto , Cavalcante Maria De Belém , Apostolico Maíra Rosa
Published: April 2017

Objetivo: conhecer a percepção dos enfermeiros sobre marketing pessoal e verificar como o utilizam em seu cotidiano de trabalho. Metodologia: estudo exploratório, descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, que utilizou entrevistas semiestruturadas com 16 enfermeiros, submetidas à Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados: emergiram três categorias: Percepção sobre marketing profissional, Imagem pessoal e Projeção do ambiente organizacional. Várias estratégias foram utilizadas para potencializar o marketing pessoal, como imagem, aparência e postura ética, as quais contribuíram para a visibilidade da profissão. Conclusões: os profissionais reconheceram a importância de investir na própria imagem, como forma de valorizar a si mesmo e a profissão.Descritores: Marketing, Autoimagem, Papel Profissional, Enfermagem.PERSONAL MARKETING AND NURSING: PROJECTION FOR THE NURSE SOCIAL VISIBILITYObjective: to know the perception of nurses about personal marketing and verify how they use it in their daily work. Methodology: exploratory, descriptive qualitative approach study, that applied a semi-structured interview to 16 nurses, submitted to Content Analysis. Results: three categories were identified: Perception about professional marketing, Personal image and Projection of the organizational environment. Several strategies were used to improve the personal marketing, as image, appearance, and ethical posture, which contributed to the visibility of the profession. Conclusion: professionals recognized the importance of investing in their own image as a way to value themselves and the nursing profession.Descriptors: Marketing, Self Concept, Professional Role, Nursing.SEGURIDAD DE LOS PACIENTES EN LA PERCEPCIÓN DE ENFERMEROS: UNA CUESTIÓN MULTIPROFESIONALObjetivo: conocer la percepción de los enfermeros sobre el marketing personal y verificar cómo utilizan en su cotidiano de trabajo. Metodologia: estudio exploratorio, descriptivo con enfoque cualitativo, que utilizó entrevistas semiestructuradas con 16 enfermeras sometidas al Análisis de Contenido. Resultados: tres categorías surgieron: Percepción sobre marketing profesional, Imagen personal y Proyección del ambiente organizacional. Varias estrategias se utilizaron para mejorar la marketing personal como imagen, apariencia y postura ética, promoviendo visibilidad de la profesión. Conclusión: los profesionales reconocen la importancia de invertir en su propia imagen como forma de valorarse a sí mismos ya la profesión de enfermería.Descriptores: Mercadeo, Autoimagen, Rol Professional, Enfermería.
Cortical Fenestration for Megaprosthesis Stem Revision
Authors: Ng Vincent Y. , Louie Philip , Punt Stephanie , Conrad III. Ernest U.
Published: April 2017

Background:

The most common modes of failure for megaprostheses are aseptic loosening followed by periprosthetic infection and stem fracture. Surgical technique for bone and implant exposure is controversial and may influence the success of revision and the need for additional future revisions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of cortical fenestration for megaprosthesis revision, particularly for stem fracture.

Methods:

From 1985-2014, 196 adult and pediatric patients underwent limb salvage with a distal femoral or proximal tibial megaprosthesis (109 cemented, 87 pressfit). A retrospective chart review was performed to assess the rate of revision based on cemented or pressfit fixation and the use of a cortical window to extract the failed stem.

Results:

27% (29 of 109) of cemented and 18% (16 of 87) of pressfit implants were revised for stem failure. The reasons for revision in the cemented group were loosening (62%), infection (24%), and stem fracture (13%). In the pressfit group, the reasons were loosening (43%), infection (31%), stem fracture (6%), limb-length discrepancy (6%), malrotation (6%), and local recurrence (6%). A cortical window was used in 10 of 45 initial revisions (7 cemented, 3 pressfit) including all of the stem fractures, and in 2 of 15 subsequent re-revisions.

Conclusion:

Cortical fenestration is an effective, bone-preserving method of implant extraction, particularly for broken or cemented stems. It is associated with low rates of loosening and no increase in periprosthetic fractures.
Trends in Management of Radial Head and Olecranon Fractures
Authors: Motisi Matthew , Kurowicki Jennifer , Berglund Derek D. , Triplet Jacob J. , Disla Shanell , Niedzielak Timothy , Levy Jonathan C.
Published: April 2017

Background:

Advancement in surgical techniques and implants has improved the ability to manage radial head and olecranon fractures. However, trends in management of these fractures are largely unstudied.

Objective:

This purpose of this study is to evaluate management trends for these common fractures.

Methods:

A retrospective review of a comprehensive Humana database was performed using Pearl Diver supercomputer (Warsaw, IN, USA) for radial head and neck (RHNF) and olecranon fractures (OF) between 2007 and 2014. Treatment methods including open reduction internal fixation (ORIF), radial head arthroplasty (RHA), and non-operative treatment were reviewed. Total reported incidence of office visits and utilization of each treatment modality were investigated. Sub-analysis with stratification by age 15-74 and greater than 75-years was performed for OF.

Results:

A total of 10,609 OF and 20,400 RHNF were identified between 2007 and 2014. A significant trend increase in the annual incidence of RHNF (266 cases/year, p<0.001) and OF (133.9 cases/year, p=0.001) was observed. A significant trendincreasein annual percent utilization of RHA (0.22% per year, p=0.011) and a significant trenddecreasein the annual percent utilization of ORIF (-1.0% per year, p=0.004) and non-operative management (-0.53% per year, p=0.046) was observed for RHNF. A significant trendincreasewas observed in percent utilization (0.40% per year, p=0.022) for OF non-operative management, especially in patients over 75 years (66% per year, p=0.034).

Conclusion:

The percentage of patients being treated with RHA is increasing. Non-operative management of OF has increased, specifically in the patients who are over 75 years.
Editorial
Authors: Kalmanovitz Salomón
Published: April 2017

tiempo&economía entra a su cuarto volumen con este nuevo número que corresponde al primer semestre de 2017. El primer ensayo que presentamos es de Obed López, quien analiza la actividad fiscal y administrativa del diezmo en Michoacán, que pasó a ser un impuesto del antiguo régimen que iba a financiar las actividades de la Iglesia a uno administrado por la autoridad civil de las nuevas entidades; el diezmo laico alcanzó un peso importante en el recaudo durante los primeros años de la Primera República Federal.
José María Sierra: las rentas públicas estatales y la concentración patrimonial de la riqueza en Colombia (1877-1909)
Authors: Berdugo C Elber
Published: April 2017

En el país, a lo largo de su historia, unos pocos individuos convertidos en empresarios lograron acumular una fortuna considerable valiéndose de las relaciones que establecieron con la política y con funcionarios del Estado, principalmente con presidentes de la República, así como de las redes sociales y familiares y del poder económico. Uno de estos empresarios fue José María Sierra, quien logró apropiarse de unas rentas públicas importantes, como las del aguardiente, tabaco, degüello, la sal y el hielo, derivando de ese cuasimonopolio grandes ganancias personales. El propósito de este artículo consiste en describir la actividad económica y empresarial más relevante que ejerció, relacionada con los remates, en regiones de Colombia como Antioquia, Bogotá, Cundinamarca, Boyacá, Tolima, Cauca, Santander, la Costa Atlántica y Panamá. El control de esta actividad que le permitió convertirse en “amo y señor de los remates”, y fue la que más aportó al crecimiento de su fortuna hasta convertirse en el hombre más rico del país en su época. Para la realización de este artículo, se consultaron algunas escrituras que reposan en el Archivo General de la Nación en su sección de notarías, en donde se da cuenta de la protocolización de los negocios y contratos entre particulares y con el gobierno. También, se revisaron libros publicados durante el periodo de análisis que se ocupan de las rentas y los pleitos y reclamaciones en torno a ellas, escritos por los implicados en esos negocios o interesados en el tema. Igualmente, se revisaron algunos libros o capítulos de libros de historia económica, empresarial, social y política, publicados en años posteriores en donde hay acápites específicos sobre esos asuntos.
Nutrient absorption in lambs fed diets containing different amounts of phosphorus
Authors: Patiño P René , Soares da Silva Tanimara , Da Silva Filho José C. , Nasser Mohamed Emad , Smith Vitti Dorinha , Moreira José A.
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTObjective. Evaluate the effect of increasing P intake on nutrient digestibility, and compare the true and apparent absorption coefficients of P and Ca in lambs. Materials and methods. Twenty-four Santa Ines sheep, with an average weight of 33.6 ± 1.6 kg, were distributed into four treatments (0, 2, 4 and 6 g/day of supplementary P) with forage: concentrate ratio of 70:30. The study of apparent nutrient digestibility was conducted during the first week, using the total feces collection method. During the second week, after injection of 7.4 MBq of 32P and 7.7 MBq of 45Ca, apparent (AAC) and true (TAC) absorption coefficients of P and Ca were determined. The lambs were kept in metabolic cages. Results. The increase in P intake did not affect (p>0.05) dry matter, crude protein, NDF or ADF digestibility, but the TAC of P and Ca and mineral matter digestibility decreased. The AAC was not affected (p=0.10). A cubic relationship was observed between P intake and TAC (TAC=2.16–1.95X+0.55X2-0.04X3; R2=0.38) and linear relationship with the TAC of Ca (TAC=0.559–0.03X; R2=0.26). TAC and AAC values were different (p<0.001). Conclusions. The increase in P intake doesn’t impact organic matter digestibility, but does affect P and Ca absorption. Apparent digestibility is not a reliable parameter to determine the efficiency of P and Ca absorption.
Composición bromatológica de la carne de conejos suplementados con mataratón y cachaza de palma aceitera
Authors: Malavé A Auristela , Córdova R Luis , García R Arlene , Méndez N Jesús
Published: April 2017

RESUMENObjetivo. Evaluar comparativamente el efecto de la suplementación del alimento balanceado comercial (ABC) con follaje de mataratón (Gliricidia sepium) y cachaza de palma aceitera (Elaeis guineensis) en la composición bromatológica de la carne de conejo. Materiales y métodos. Las muestras de carne estudiadas en el presente trabajo, provienen de una investigación previa con un diseño experimental de bloques al azar con tres tratamientos (dietas) y tres repeticiones (bloques) con muestreo de tres réplicas por repetición, donde se utilizaron 27 conejos machos mestizos durante el período postdestete divididos en tres tratamientos: uno control (T0), alimentados sólo con ABC, y dos suplementados con mataratón y cachaza de palma aceitera en proporciones de 30 y 10% (T1), y 10 y 30% (T2), respectivamente, a manera de comparar el efecto de las dietas en el valor nutricional. Resultados. Las muestras de carne provenientes de los diferentes animales en tratamiento, se evaluaron encontrando que la suplementación no afectó significativamente la composición bromatológica (p>0.05) para el contenido de humedad (70.77 a 72.42%), proteínas (19.08 a 20.34%), cenizas (1.53 a 1.68%) y lípidos (6.48 a 7.23%); indicando que indistintamente de la dieta empleada, suplementando el ABC con mataratón/fibra de palma o no, las carnes de conejo obtenidas son nutricionalmente idénticas como alimento. Conclusiones. Con base en los resultados, se sugiere que el follaje de mataratón y la fibra de palma aceitera podrían constituir una alternativa como recursos agronómicos tropicales en la producción de carne de conejo para el consumo humano
Desempeño de tanques decantadores de sólidos en un sistema de recirculación para producción de tilapia
Authors: Maigual E Yemall , Sánchez O Iván , Matsumoto Tsunao
Published: April 2017

RESUMENObjetivo. Comparar la eficiencia de remoción de sólidos, turbidez y color aparente en un decantador convencional y uno de columna en un sistema de recirculación acuícola (SRA) para cultivo de tilapia. Materiales y métodos. Se cultivaron tilapias con densidad entre 30 y 33 kg/m3 en un SRA, el cual constó de: caja de nivel constante, tubería en PVC, tres tanques de cultivo, decantador convencional de flujo horizontal (D.Con), decantador de columna de flujo ascendente (D.Col), reactor de lecho fluidizado trifásico, reactor para transferencia de oxígeno, compresor, blower, electrobomba. El D.Con operó con volumen útil (VU) de 1.4 m3 y tiempo de retención hidráulica (TRH) de 2.94 h, fue vaciado una vez por semana para lavado y colecta del lodo, representando sustitución del 55% del volumen del sistema. El D.Col operó con 0.30 m3 de VU y TRH de 0.553 h. Se realizaron 3 sangrados diarios, representando sustitución semanal de 50% del volumen. Resultados. Las eficiencias promedio de remoción fueron: para sólidos totales de 34.01 y 44.44%; sólidos suspendidos 64.45% y 71.71%; sólidos volátiles 21.10 y 45.65%; para turbidez 65.51 y 62.79%; para color aparente 56.37 y 50.91%, respectivamente en el D.Con y el D.Col. Conclusiones. Ambos decantadores son útiles en la remoción de los parámetros estudiados y presentaron comportamientos semejantes en remoción de turbidez y color aparente. Sin embargo, el D.Col es más eficiente que el convencional para remoción de los sólidos, ocupa menor espacio, menor volumen y requiere menor porcentaje de renovación, mostrando viabilidad para su utilización en SRA.
Evaluación de la primera alimentación en larvas de capaz Pimelodus grosskopfii bajo condiciones de laboratorio
Authors: Valbuena V Rubén , Zapata-Berruecos Beatriz , Otero-Paternina Angélica
Published: April 2017

RESUMENObjetivo. Evaluar el desempeño y sobrevivencia de larvas de capaz Pimelodus grosskopfii suministrando alimento vivo (Cladóceros, Copépodos y Artemia salina). Materiales y métodos. Larvas de capaz fueron ubicadas en recipientes plásticos con un volumen útil de 3 L, a una densidad de 10 larvas L-1, fueron alimentadas cuatro veces al día, durante 15 días con nauplios de Artemia recién eclosionadas, Cladóceros de los géneros Moina y Ceriodaphnia y Copépodos calanoides. Las larvas de capaz se pesaron y se midieron al inicio y al final del experimento para estimar ganancia en peso (GP), ganancia en longitud (GL), tasa de crecimiento específico (TCE), Factor de crecimiento relativo (FCR) y sobrevivencia (S) Resultados. El tratamiento que presentó los mejores resultados en GP, GL y S fue el de larvas alimentadas con nauplios de Artemia (3.8 ± 0.2 mg, 8 ± 0.7 mm y 48.3% respectivamente) seguido de los tratamientos donde adicionó cladóceros y copépodos Conclusiones. Los nauplios de Artemia fue el tratamiento que presentó los mejores resultados en las variables productivas evaluadas en larvas de P. grosskopfii al inicio de su alimentación exógena.