bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Drawing Migrants and Carceral Spaces: Tings Chak’s Undocumented
Authors: Nayar Pramod K.
Published: June 2020

This article is part of the Global Perspectives Media and Communication special issue on “Media, Migration and Nationalism,” guest-edited by Koen Leurs and Tomohisa Hirata, and focuses on an unusual work, Tings Chak’s Undocumented, a graphic text on the detention centers in Canada. It argues that Canadian cities incorporate heterotopias—refugee spaces—that invert the city spaces. The refugee centers themselves invoke an architectural uncanny when they function as home and not-quite-home, in Chak’s depiction, inhabited by human simulacra. The centers are also spaces where punishment technology defines the space. Finally, it argues that Chak forces us to see how travel, displacement, and mobility terminate in spaces that constitute the very antithesis of movement.
Experiencing Homeland: Social Media and Transnational Communication among Kurdish Migrants in Northern Italy
Authors: Costa Elisabetta , Alinejad Donya
Published: June 2020

This article examines the ways in which experiences of homeland take shape through the use of social media among first- and second-generation Kurdish migrants living in Milan and surrounding areas in the Lombardy region of Italy. Drawing on a short-term ethnographic study of social media practices carried out in spring and summer 2018, the paper presents and compares the uses of social media among two migrant generations and conceptualizes homeland as a mediated experience that takes shape through people’s everyday social media practices. This approach to homeland can account for the multiple ways in which the affordances of digital platforms and the subjective aspects of homeland are interconnected with one another through social media practices. The paper is part of the Global Perspectives, Media and Communication special issue on “Media, Migration, and Nationalism,” guest-edited by Koen Leurs and Tomohisa Hirata.
Technological Politics of Automated Welfare Surveillance: Social (and Data) Justice through Critical Qualitative Inquiry
Authors: Mann Monique
Published: June 2020

This article presents a detailed case study of “RoboDebt” in Australia and examines the political rationalities that underpin automated welfare surveillance systems. First, it is argued that neoliberal political rationalities shape the bureaucratic strategies enacted by agencies established to administer neoliberal welfare policy. Second, it is shown that neoliberal political rationalities influence the design and deployment of new surveillance technologies, and therefore they are embedded with and within politics too. Third, it is argued that the political architecture of the welfare state and associated use of information communication technologies has consequences for social justice. This article demonstrates that information communication technologies are implicated in the neoliberal governance of poverty but are not responsible for it. The article concludes by reflecting on the relevance of critical qualitative inquiry as one possible political intervention to advance social (and data) justice agendas.
Does Learning Motivation Affect Studentsâ€™ Achievement in Economics? : Identifying The Internal Factor
Authors: Sriyono Heru , Marfu'i Lucky Nindi Riandika
Published: June 2020

This study aims to identify the relationship between learning motivation towards Economics learning achievement of high school students in Bogor Regency, West Java. This research used a quantitative approach. The subject of the study were class XI students of Bogor Regency State High School. The data analysis technique used was inferential statistics using the SPSS 23.0. This correlation study produces data: (1) there are positive and significant relationship between learning motivation and Economics learning achievement, (2) learning motivation of high school students throughout Bogor Regency influences Economics learning achievement, and (3) the increasing motivation of high school students in Bogor Regency will also increase the achievement of learning Economics as well. This study proves that dominantly learning motivation influences Economics learning achievement of high school students in Bogor Regency with a percentage of 70.8%. The results of this study can be followed up by providing guidance and counseling services with the aim of increasing the learning motivation of students who have low motivation to learn.
Effect of Tacit and Explicit Knowledge Sharing on Teacher Innovation Capability
Authors: Asbari Masduki , Wijayanti Laksmi Mayesti , Hyun Choi Chi , Purwanto Agus , Santoso Priyono Budi
Published: June 2020

This research aimed to measure the effect of tacit and explicit knowledge sharing on teacher innovation capability mediated by organizational learning. Data collection was done by simple random sampling via electronic to the teacher population in Indonesia. The returned and valid questionnaire results were 781 samples. Data processing used SEM method with SmartPLS 3.0 software. The results of this research showed that explicit knowledge sharing had a positive and significant effect on teacher innovation capability, both directly and through organizational learning mediation, while tacit knowledge sharing had a positive and significant effect on teacher innovation capability through organizational learning mediation. Novelty research was proposing a model for building teacher innovation capability through tacit and explicit knowledge sharing with organizational learning as mediation. This research can pave the way to improve teacher readiness in facing the era of education 4.0.
Smartphone-Based Application â€œquizizzâ€ as a Learning Media
Authors: Wibawa Ramadhan Prasetya , Astuti Rohana Intan , Pangestu Bayu Aji
Published: June 2020

This study aims to find out the application and contribution of smartphone-based application â€œâ€œquizizzâ€â€ as learning media in the University of PGRI Madiun. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Data analysis technique used is an interactive method, including the process of collecting data, reducing data (compiling data in patterns, categories and specific issues), presenting data (compiling data in the form of matrices, graphs, networks, certain charts) and drawing conclusions. This research was conducted at the University of PGRI Madiun. The subjects of this study were students in Accounting and Economic Education. The results showed that the usage of smartphone-based application â€œquizizzâ€ as learning media can make students enthusiastic in participating in learning, so students can focus and maximize the use of smartphones as a fun learning media. The concept of maximum learning will have an impact on improving student learning outcomes.
The Role of Soft Skills and Adversity Quotient on Work Readiness among Students in University
Authors: Jasak Ferdy , Sugiharsono Sugiharsono , Sukidjo Sukidjo
Published: June 2020

Quotient on the work readiness of students both partially and simultaneously. This research was an ex-post facto with a quantitative approach. The population of this study was 874 strata-1 students of the Faculty of Economics, Yogyakarta State University. The sample size was 275 students taken by using the proportional cluster random sampling technique. Data was collected by a questionnaire that has been tested for validity and reliability. The data analysis technique used is multiple regression. Â The results Â showed Â that:Â  (1) Â soft skills Â and adversity quotient together had a positive and significant effect (p = 0,000), the simultaneous contribution of the two variables to job readiness by 33% and 67% was influenced by other variables not examined. (2) soft skills have a positive effect on work readiness (p = 0,000) with a contribution of 22%; (3) Adversity quotient has a positive effect on work readiness (p = 0,000) with a contribution of 11%. The results of this study can be followed up by Â providing learning that emphasizes improving soft skills.
Dare to be Different: Life Experience Narrative of BTEC Best Graduate
Authors: Jang Johan , Pramono Rudy , Purnamasari Dian , Akuba Stefy Falentino
Published: June 2020

The aims of this research explained how the past, present, and future thoughts help to form the decision of an alumnus is still nineteen years old in explored a hobby and dreamed of becoming an entrepreneur. From interviews and analyses made, information gathered shows that the interviewee's past has generated confidence, independence and a sense of responsibility that contribute to the decision. The current situation experienced by the interviewee which is full support from parents and the ability to think rationality about her plan, enables her to make this decision. The interviewee also viewed her future with an acceptable plan supported by her family business as the last resort if her plan cannot be fruitful. This research opens an opportunity for stakeholders in the education field to understand and interpret this unorthodox life story wisely.
Office Communication Competencies for Vocational High School in Industri 4.0
Authors: Widianingrum Riska , Aw Suranto , Hermanto Febrika Yogie , Sholikah Marâ€™atus
Published: June 2020

This study aims to explore the information about industry needs for office communication competence in the 4.0 industrial revolution era. Competency suitability is one of the things supporting objective achievement of vocational education implementation. The development of office communication competencies also needs to be scrutinized and adjusted so that students can learn both at school and industry. This research is a case study research conducted using a descriptive method with qualitative approach and analyzed using the Miles & Hubberman model which includes stages of data reduction, data presentation, data verification, and data inference. The results of this study indicate that office communication competencies explicitly contained in the 2013 revised edition of the 2017 curriculum are still relevant to be taught in schools and are still needed in the industry. Several competencies need to be updated and added to support students' skills in dealing with the development of work in the industry related to office communications in the 4.0 industrial revolution era to improve the office work effectiveness, such as (1) information management using social media, web, and online application of goods or services sales; (2) mastery of communication using social media, the web, and online application of goods or services sales; and (3) mastery of international languages.
REKLAMLARDA KORKUNUN BİR PAZARLAMA ARACI OLARAK KULLANILMASI
Authors: ÖZGÜNER KILIÇ Hicran , DERENDELİ Tuğçe
Published: June 2020

Pazarlama faaliyetlerinde sıkça yer alan ve yaşam boyu en çok karşılaşılan faaliyetlerden biri de şüphesiz reklamlardır. Reklam, markaların tutundurma karması araçları içerisinde; hedef kitleleriyle iletişim kurabilmek, etkileşim yaratabilmek ve potansiyel müşterilerini elde edebilmek için tercih ettiği pazarlama iletişim faaliyetlerindendir. Reklamlar izleyenlerin dikkatini çekme, ilgisini uyandırma, isteklendirme ve harekete geçirme amacı doğrultusunda sunulmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda reklamlar satın alma eğilimi gösteren tüketiciyi harekete geçirmede destekleyici rolü üstlenmektedir. Bu yönüyle reklamlarda yer alan kısa filmlerde, tüketicinin algısını markaya yönlendirmek için korku mesajları kullanılabilmekte ve başa gelmese bile gelmiş ya da gelecek gibi düşündürmekte oldukça etkili olabilmektedir. Bir pazarlama stratejisi olan korku pazarlamasını kullanan markalar bu konuda insanların bilinçaltına inerek onlarda korku duygusu yaratarak satın almaya yönlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu çalışma; reklamlarda korku mesajlarının nasıl işlendiğini ortaya koymak, korku pazarlamasının tüketiciler üzerinde yaratmaya çalıştığı etki, reklamlarda verilen korku mesajlarının ardındaki gerçeği anlama ve yorumlamasını amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada göstergebilimsel yöntem kullanılmıştır.
İKTİSAT LİTERATÜRÜNDE DÖRDÜZ AÇIKLAR HİPOTEZİ VE TÜRKİYE EKONOMİSİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: TEZER Hüseyin
Published: June 2020

Son dönem tartışma konularından olan “dördüz açıklar hipotezi”, çıktı (denge) açığının, yatırım – tasarruf, kamu bütçesinin ve cari işlemler açığı (dengesi) arasındaki ilişkilerin ekonomide yarattığı etkiler üzerine geliştirilen yeni bir teoridir. İktisat yazınında “ikiz açıklar” ve “üçüz açıklar” üzerinde çok geniş bir literatür bulunmasına rağmen, dördüz açıklar ve ekonomiye yansıması üzerine olan çalışmalar yeterli düzeyde değildir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye ekonomisinin son yıllardaki seçilmiş verileri üzerinden dördüz açıklar hipotezinin Türkiye ekonomisine üzerindeki etkisinin incelendiği ampirik bir araştırma olacaktır. Çalışmada uygulanan ekonometrik metodoloji üç bölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci bölümde; serilerin durağanlık seviyeleri yapısal kırılmalı Lee-Strazicich birim kök testi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmektedir. İkinci olarak; değişkenler arasındaki eş bütünleşme ilişkisinin varlığı, ARDL sınır testi çerçevesinde belirlenmektedir. Son olarak değişkenler arasındaki nedenselliğin varlığı ve yönü Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik analizi ile araştırılmaktadır. Sonuç bölümünde ise elde edilen makroekonomik veriler ışığında ampirik bulguların yorumlanması yer almaktadır.
İŞ YÜKÜ FAZLALIĞININ YAŞAM KALİTESİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİNDE İŞ- AİLE ÇATIŞMASININ ARACI ROLÜ: SAĞLIK SEKTÖRÜNDE BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: KORKMAZER Fuat , AKSOY Ali
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışmada, iş yükü fazlalığı algısının yaşam kalitesi üzerindeki etkisinde iş- aile çatışmasının aracı rolünün ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın konusu belirlenirken, ilgili değişkenlerin çalışanların motivasyonuna olumlu katkı sağlayacak şekilde dengeli olması gerektiği gerçekliğinden hareket edilmiştir. Bu amaçla TRB-2 bölgesindeki (Van, Muş, Bitlis, Hakkâri) Sağlık Bakanlığı’na bağlı devlet hastanelerinde çalışanlara bir anket uygulanmıştır. Anket, İş Yükü Fazlalığı Ölçeği, WHOQOL-BREF-TR Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği ve İş-Aile Çatışması ölçeklerinden oluşmaktadır. Elde edilen veriler, yapısal eşitlik modeli (YEM) ve karşılaştırmalı istatistiki analizlere tabi tutularak yorumlanmıştır. Yapılan YEM analizi sonucuna göre iş yükü fazlalığı algısının, yaşam kalitesini negatif yönde çok düşük düzeyde etkilediği, işten aileye çatışma ve aileden işe çatışmayı pozitif yönde etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. İşten aileye ve aileden işe çatışmanın ise yaşam kalitesini negatif yönde etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
THE EFFECT OF CONSUMER INNOVATIVENESS, PERCEIVED RISK AND PERSONALITY TRAITS ON PURCHASE BEHAVIOR
Authors: ŞAHİN Esen , GELMEZ Emel
Published: June 2020

In today’s competitive environment, where market structure and customer expectations are in a rapid change, the determination of the factors affecting the purchase decisions and behaviors of consumers has a very significant role in the marketing value system. The determinants of purchase decisions include consumer perceptions, and besides, the consumer innovativeness, which plays an important role in the spread and adoption of products. Purchase behaviors are shaped and realized under the effect of consumer innovativeness components. As such, innovative consumers tend to follow innovations closely and adopt them more conveniently and faster. However, a new transformation is taking place in the current markets with the risk perception that may occur in each market and consumer perception. In this process, therefore, personality characteristics can be considered as an important factor in determining consumer innovativeness, perceived risk and purchase behaviors. In this context, this study examines the relationships between the personality traits, consumer innovativeness, perceived risk and purchase behavior through survey method. The application of the questionnaire was performed on consumers residing in Konya. Within the scope of the study, six basic hypotheses have been suggested. First of all, a correlation analysis was performed in order to determine the relationship between the variables. In line with the correlation analysis, it was concluded that there is a positive relationship between each parameter. Besides, according to the results of simple linear regression analysis conducted in order to test the accuracy of research hypotheses, it is found that there is a positive effect of consumer innovation and personality traits on perceived risk; of personality traits on consumer innovation; of consumer innovation, perceived risk and personality traits on purchasing behavior.
AN EXAMINATION ON THE USE OF IMMERSIVE REALITY TECHNOLOGIES IN THE TRAVEL AND TOURISM INDUSTRY
Authors: ERCAN Fatih
Published: June 2020

Recent developments in technology have changed the way people communicate and interact. In addition, the relationship between the business and the customer is carried to a different dimension. IR (immersive reality) is the name given to new reality technologies including VR (virtual reality), AR (augmented reality) and MR (mixed reality) technologies, which are becoming more and more common in use today. It is seen that the use of these technologies in fields such as medicine, engineering, production, service and marketing have become important today. The purpose of this study is to reveal the use of the IR technologies in the travel and tourism industry and current applications in detail. The data obtained by using document analysis technique were compiled for the purpose of the study. As a result of the study, it has been determined that the IR technologies are used by hotel businesses, restaurants, travel companies, museums and historical sites for purposes such as customer relations, reservation, product and service provision, promotion and marketing.
THE IMPACT OF ICT USE IN PROMOTIONAL ACTIVITIES ON EXPORT PERFORMANCE: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION
Authors: ARSLANDERE Murat , TUNCER İlhami , ADA Serkan
Published: June 2020

The integration of ICT into promotion activities in international markets where competition is intense may offer great advantages to the enterprises on the basis of brand and cost. From this point of view the objective of the current study is to empirically examine (i) the impact of the use of ICT in promotional activities on brand advantage and cost advantage and (ii) the impact of brand advantage and cost advantage on export performance. The data that were collected from 188 exporter companies from Turkey with the help of a structured questionnaire were statistically analyzed by using the SmartPLS 3.0 software. The results reveal that promotional activities using ICT have a strong and positive effect on brand advantage and low cost advantage, while there is no significant direct effect on export performance. The results also reveal that brand advantage and low cost advantage significantly affect export performance.
The immune tumour microenvironment of neuroendocrine tumours and its implications for immune checkpoint inhibitors
Authors: Takkenkamp Tim J , Jalving Mathilde , Hoogwater Frederik J H , Walenkamp Annemiek M E
Published: June 2020

Immunotherapy in the form of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has transformed the treatment landscape in numerous types of advanced cancer. However, the majority of patients do not benefit from this treatment modality. Although data are scarce, in general, patients with low-grade neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) do not benefit from treatment with ICIs in contrast to patients with neuroendocrine carcinoma, in which a small subgroup of patients may benefit. Low- and intermediate-grade NETs predominantly lack factors associated with response to ICIs treatment, like immune cell infiltration, and have an immunosuppressive tumour metabolism and microenvironment. In addition, because of its potential influence on the response to ICIs, major interest has been shown in the tryptophan-degrading enzymes indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO). These enzymes work along the kynurenine pathway that deplete tryptophan in the tumour microenvironment. IDO and TDO are especially of interest in NETs since some tumours produce serotonin but the majority do not, which potentially deplete the precursor tryptophan. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the immune tumour microenvironment of neuroendocrine tumours and implications for treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors. We also discuss (targetable) factors in the NET tumour microenvironment that potentially modulate the anti-cancer immune response.
Preclinical drug studies in MEN1-related neuroendocrine neoplasms (MEN1-NENs)
Authors: Grozinsky-Glasberg Simona , Lines Kate E , Avniel-Polak Shani , Bountra Chas , Thakker Rajesh V
Published: June 2020

Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) occur usually as sporadic tumours; however, rarely, they may arise in the context of a hereditary syndrome, such as multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1), an autosomal dominant disorder characterised by the combined development of pancreatic NENs (pNENs) together with parathyroid and anterior pituitary tumours. The therapeutic decision for sporadic pNENs patients is multi-disciplinary and complex: based on the grade and stage of the tumor, various options (and their combinations) are considered, such as surgical excision (either curative or for debulking aims), biological drugs (somatostatin analogues), targeted therapies (mTOR inhibitors or tyrosine kinases (TK)/receptors inhibitors), peptide receptor radioligand therapy (PRRT), chemotherapy, and liver-directed therapies. However, treatment of MEN1-related NENs’ patients is even more challenging, as these tumours are usually multifocal with co-existing foci of heterogeneous biology and malignant potential, rendering them more resistant to the conventional therapies used in their sporadic counterparts, and therefore associated with a poorer prognosis. Moreover, clinical data using standard therapeutic options in MEN1-related NENs are scarce. Recent preclinical studies have identified potentially new targeted therapeutic options for treating MEN1-associated NENs, such as epigenetic modulators, Wnt pathway-targeting β-catenin antagonists, Ras signalling modulators, Akt/mTOR signalling modulators, novel somatostatin receptors analogues, anti-angiogenic drugs, as well as MEN1 gene replacement therapy. The present review aims to summarize these novel therapeutic opportunities for NENs developing in the context of MEN1 syndrome, with an emphasis on pancreatic NENs, as they are the most frequent ones studied in MEN1-NENs models to date; moreover, due to the recent shifting nomenclature of ‘pituitary adenomas’ to ‘pituitary neuroendocrine neoplasms’, relevant data on MEN1-pituitary tumours, when appropriate, are briefly described.
Nesfatin-1 suppresses fish reproductive axis and gonadal steroidogenesis
Authors: Rajeswari Jithine Jayakumar , Unniappan Suraj
Published: June 2020

Nesfatin-1 is a naturally occurring orphan ligand in fish and mammals. Research in our lab resulted in the identification of an inhibitory role for nesfatin-1 on pituitary hormones (goldfish) and oocyte maturation (zebrafish). The present study is an extension of these original findings and aimed to determine whether nesfatin-1 has any additional effects on HPG genes in male and female goldfish. We found that a single i.p. injection of synthetic nesfatin-1 (50 ng/g body weight) downregulated the expression of salmon gonadotropin-releasing hormone (sgnrh), chicken gnrh-II (cgnrh-II), kisspeptin receptor (gpr54a) and brain aromatase (cyp19a1b) mRNAs in the hypothalamus of both male and female goldfish at 15 min post-administration. In the pituitary of both males and females, nesfatin-1 reduced luteinizing hormone beta (lhβ) and follicle stimulating hormone beta (fshβ) mRNA expression at 60 min and gpr54a mRNA at 15 min. Similarly, the gonadotropin receptors lhr and fshr were downregulated in the gonads. Meanwhile, gonadotropin inhibiting hormone (gnih), gnih receptor, kisspeptin 1 (kiss1) and gpr54a mRNA expression in the gonads were increased post-nesfatin-1 treatment. Nesfatin-1 negatively influences the star, cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A member 1, anti-mullerian hormone and aromatase mRNAs. In agreement with these results, nesfatin-1 reduced plasma estradiol and testosterone in female and male goldfish circulation at 60 min post-injection. The information generated through this research further solidified nesfatin-1 as an inhibitor of reproductive hormones in fish. Targeting nesfatin-1 and related peptides could yield beneficial effects in fish reproduction and aquaculture.
A Transcriptional Regulatory Map of Iron Homeostasis Reveals a New Control Circuit for Capsule Formation in Cryptococcus neoformans
Authors: Do Eunsoo , Cho Yong-Joon , Kim Donghyeun , Kronstad James W , Jung Won Hee
Published: June 2020

To overcome host iron restriction, the human fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans uses several iron uptake mechanisms to cause disease. In this study....
“¡ENTONCES AQUÍ ES DONDE ESTE GRAN REY TRABAJA!” GASPARINI, CARLOS III Y SUS GABINETES EN EL PALACIO REAL DE MADRID
Authors: Sancho José Luis
Published: June 2020

El estudio la figura de Carlos III como rey ilustrado hace hincapié en sus obras arquitectónicas y de estilo neoclásico. Bastante menos en las decorativas y de gusto barroco tardío, esenciales para la imagen que el propio rey tenía de sí mismo, y quería proyectar, como las que encomendó a Gasparini. Entre éstas destacaban los tres despachos del rey en el Palacio Real de Madrid, mucho menos conocidos que la sala inmediata, la Cámara, porque fueron desmontados en 1789, menos de veinte años después de quedar terminados. Aquí se reconstruye su conjunto, se analizan sus elementos y se especifica la colocación de todos sus muebles, localizando dos de los cuatro que salieron en el siglo XIX de la colección del Patrimonio Nacional.
PARTIAL WHEAT FLOUR REPLACEMENT WITH GLUTEN-FREE FLOURS IN BREAD - QUALITY, TEXTURE AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY
Authors: Duda Adamina , Jeżowski PaweÅ , Radzikowska Dominika , Łukasz Kowalczewski PrzemysÅaw
Published: June 2020

Consumers are increasingly looking for products in which gluten is not present or its content has been reduced by the conversion of conventional raw materials to gluten-free. The influence of the partial wheat flour replacement (from 10% to 40%) with gluten-free flours from amaranth, quinoa and millet on bread properties, including texture and crumb structure of the final product, as well as antioxidant potential and consumer acceptance were evaluated. The effect of replacement on pasting properties of flours mix was determined as well. It was found that the increased addition of millet and quinoa flours resulted in an increased maximum viscosity, whereas adding amaranth flour exerted an opposite effect. The wheat flour replacement influenced the colour of the product reducing its lightness and shifting colour balances as well. Due to a lower content of gluten proteins in the bread formulation the firmness of the crumb increased. Wholemeal flours are good source of antioxidants, antioxidant activity increased with a higher proportion of gluten-free flours.
EFFECTS OF POPPY OIL ON BIOGENIC AMINE IN FERMENTED TURKISH SAUSAGE
Authors: AYDOGAN Beyza , Fatih FİDAN A. , KARA Recep
Published: June 2020

Biogenic amines are generally created by the decarboxylation of amino acids via microbial enzymes and these compounds may have a toxic effect on humans and animals. The ripening and storage conditions of meat and meat products directly affect the quality of such products in terms of biogenic amines. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of poppy oil, which is produced and consumed in large quantities in Afyonkarahisar province, on the formation of biogenic amines in fermented sausages. In the study, 2 groups of sausages were produced including control and poppy oil groups. 300 mg / kg poppy oil was added to the sausage that would be produced in the poppy oil group. The sausages were ripened for 15 days in the surrounding where relative humidity (90-60%) and the temperature (25-18 ° C) could be adjusted. During this period (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 13 and 15 days), physico-chemical, sensory, microbiological properties and biogenic amine (histamine, putresin, tryptamine, phenyl ethylamine and tyramine) formations were determined in the samples. As a result, it is recommended that the poppy oil used does not cause a significant difference in the formation of biogenic amines, does not adversely affect the general characteristics of the sausage and that the amount of animal fat is reduced and alternatively, the use of poppy oil in the production of fermented sausage is recommended.
A SMARTPHONE-BASED EARLY ALERT SYSTEM FOR SCREENING OF COLIFORM CONTAMINATION IN DRINKING WATER
Authors: Patil Rajshree , Levin Saurabh , Halery Nischal , Gupta Ishan , Rajkumar Samuel
Published: June 2020

We present a proof of concept for quick screening and alerting of coliform/E. coli contamination in water samples using a device attached to a smartphone. Current methods of coliform detection rely upon relatively expensive laboratory-based time consuming techniques which require trained manpower and take at least 24-48 hours. This waiting time prevents quick action and the consequences can be severe since the contaminated water may already have been consumed by then. Instead an unattended smartphone can continuously monitor the sample and send an alert as soon as contamination is detected. Smartphones, especially older or unused ones, fitted with a customized compact incubator and a sample holder, can be set to take photos of the sample (mixed with a selective growth medium) at regular intervals. An image analysis algorithm would analyze the photos and predict contamination as soon as it notices any increase in turbidity and/or change in color of the sample under observation due to bacterial growth. On detection of contamination, alerts can be immediately sent out to the concerned parties and intervention can be made without any potentially harmful delay. To test this concept we built a prototype for the detection of coliform/E. coli contamination in water samples. With the initial bacterial counts varying from 1-10 to >108 colony forming units (CFU) per 100 ml of water samples, all the results were produced within a turnaround time of 4 to 12 hours and found to be comparable with conventional microbiological methods which require 24-48 hours of incubation.
COST EFFECTIVE CULTIVATION AND BIOMASS PRODUCTION OF GREEN MICROALGA DESMODESMUS SUBSPICATUS MB. 23 IN NPK FERTILIZER MEDIUM
Authors: Kaippilliparambil Abdulsamad Jasmin , Aikkarakunnath Varghese Saramma , Thajudeen Jabir
Published: June 2020

Microalgal biomass has emerged as a promising alternative to replace plant-based biofuel feedstock due to its higher lipid productivity. But cultivation of microalgae in expensive analytical grade culture media is a major obstacle in feasible algal biofuel production. Hence the present investigation was carried out to find an alternative, low-cost culture medium for the increased biomass yield and biochemical production of microalga, Desmodesmus subspicatus MB. 23. The strain was cultivated in different concentrations of 19: 19: 19 NPK media and checked for the algal biomass production and biochemical accumulation. Maximum algal cell density (5290 ×104 cells/ ml), biomass yield and productivity (2.72 g/L, 60.87 mg/L/d) was attained in 2 g/ L NPK fertilizer medium, whereas 1g/L medium exhibited increased chlorophyll production (chl-a, 4.7 mg/g d wt, chl-b 1.7 mg/g d wt). High level of carotenoid accumulation (4.6 mg/g d wt) as well as lipid accumulation (29.5%) was found in 0.5g/L fertilizer media and Fatty acid methyl ester analysis of the strain showed abundant production of C16 and C18 fatty acids. Findings of the current study proved that, lower concentration of 19:19:19 NPK fertilizer can be used for the enhanced production of green microalgae. Other than cost effective biofuel production, NPK fertilizer grown D. subspicatus can also be used for the production of a wide range of metabolites such as food and feed additives, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.
ALTERNATIVE METHODS OF SULFUR DIOXIDE USED IN WINE PRODUCTION
Authors: Kalkan Yıldırım Hatice , Darıcı Burcu
Published: June 2020

Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is the most common additive used in winemaking for many years. This compound is important for wine producers and consumers due to its antiseptic and antioxidant properties. However, excessive sulfites caused some symptoms such as a headache, nausea, stomach irritation and respiratory distress in asthmatic patients. Additionally, excessive SO2 in winemaking process leads to organoleptic changes of final product. For these reasons, the maximum SO2 concentrations allowed in wines were gradually reduced. In the wine industry it is essential to reduce or even eliminate SO2 especially in the production of organic wines. These obstacles lead to requirements of new healthier and safety strategies for reduction of SO2. Up to know have been discussed the priorities of SO2 used in wine making. Recently some authors evaluated studies with chemical and non-thermal alternatives of SO2. Some other authors reviewed the side effects of SO2 used in wines, but none of them have comprised the effects of new techniques in grape, must, wine and pomace. This review discussed effects of different alternatives (thermal, non-thermal, chemical and natural additives) techniques demonstrated in grape, must, wine and pomace as possible alternative to SO2 in comprehensive manner. The antioxidant, antimicrobial and sensory properties of tannin, oak and vine shoot extracts are also discussed as new alternatives of SO2. The studies demonstrated that SO2 could be lowered and even changed by using the development of new methods.
EXPRESSION, PURIFICATION, AND CHARACTERIZATION OF RECOMBINANT V, THE NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS NON-STRUCTURAL PROTEIN
Authors: Ahmed Amira , Osman Waleed
Published: June 2020

Poultry industry facing problems in vaccination of chicken against Newcastle disease virus (NDV) due to the difficulty of differentiating the vaccinated and naturally infected birds. If we could find a key marker that could differentiate, we would bring a great achievement to the industry. NDV genome contains genes for six major structural proteins and two non-structural proteins. The non-structural protein V could be a useful antigen for differentiating chickens infected with NDV from those vaccinated with inactivated whole virus.
We have constructed a recombinant plasmid using the C-terminal region of the non-structural V protein. Another recombinant plasmid using the C-terminal polypeptide of structural P protein was developed as a control. We succeeded in expressing the unique C-terminal part of the V protein in E. coli as a fusion protein with GST (GST-V), 40.8 kDa, as well as the C-terminal part of the P protein (GST-P), 55.4 kDa. Purified NDV-V and NDV-P proteins had sizes of 14.8 kDa and 29.4 kDa, respectively. The antigenicity of recombinant V protein was confirmed with Western blotting assay, which makes the using of this protein as a biological marker prospective.
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF t-RESVERATROL AND α-VINIFERIN, A BIOACTIVE SECONDARY METABOLITE OF AN ENDOPHYTIC FUNGUS ASPERGILLUS STELLIFER AB4, FROM VITIS VINIFERA
Authors: Roat Chetana , Saraf Meenu
Published: June 2020

The secondary metabolite t-resveratrol and α-viniferin is widely recognized bioactive molecules that is known for preventing and slowing the occurrence of many diseases, have attracted great research interest. The aim of this work is to isolate the endophytic microorganisms that possess t-resveratrol and α-viniferin producing capability from the plants of Vitaceae family: Vitis vinifera , Vitis quinquangularis Rend and Cayratia trifolia. Twenty isolates were obtained from the different tissues of all the three plants and all were able to produced t-resveratrol and α-viniferin in different concentrations in their consecutives second subcultures. Aspergillus stellifer AB4 isolated from leaf of Vitis vinifera had shown stable production capability of t-resveratrol 288 μg/L and α-viniferin 301 μg/L in liquid culture, while 19 isolates producing capability diminished after third subculture. Optimization of the conditions for t-resveratrol and α-viniferin production by A. stellifer AB4 were studied, an inoculum size of 10% v/v (2x104) spore number/ml, a rotation speed of 100 rpm, and a temperature of 28°C and pH 7 was optimum for the production of t-resveratrol and α-viniferin. Growth of A. stellifer AB4 increased during cultivation, reached high level of biomass 1.98± 1.7 on 7th day and the highest production of t-resveratrol 300 μg/L and α-viniferin 324 μg/L was reached on 9 day of fermentation. This work indicates that endophytic fungi A. stellifer AB4 is expected to be potential source of bioactive molecules t-resveratrol and α-viniferin.
SCREENING OF MEDICINAL PLANTS FOR ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY: PHARMACOGNOSY AND MICROBIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Oluwole Osungunna Michael
Published: June 2020

The use of medicinal plants for human ailments precedes the introduction of conventional antibiotics. However, medicinal plants continue to enjoy human patronage because they are cheap, readily available and free from side effects often associated with conventional antibiotics. Reproducibility, on the part of screening plants for antimicrobial activity, has become a challenge both from the pharmacognosy and microbiology points of view. This review addresses the sampling techniques, phytochemical screening and the concept of metabolomics in relation to medicinal plants as well as the applicability and the advantages and disadvantages of some microbiological methodologies used in screening medicinal plants for their antimicrobial activity.
POLYPHENOLIC AND FLAVONOIDS CONTENT, HPLC PROFILING AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS WITH PANCREATIC HISTOLOGICAL STUDY IN ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS MODEL
Authors: M. Farid , S. Abdelgayed Sherein , H. Soliman Mona , El-Fadhany Mona , H. Hussein Rasha
Published: June 2020

Medicinal plants are considered a very important source of natural crude materials which are used in pharmaceutical industries. Nowadays, many investigators focused their studies for medicinal plants in order to extract components which have effects as antibacterial and antioxidant activities, also, some diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular, diarrhea, antitumor and anticancer, etc. Our study focused in the biochemical characterization of Portulaca oleracea and Carthamus tinctorius to study their antidiabetic activity in alloxan induced diabetes in rats.
Extracts from Portulaca oleracea leaves and Carthamus tinctorius flowers were prepared then their total phenolic and flavonoid content and identification by HPLC technique were analyzed. Moreover, the antioxidant activity using (FRAP and DPPH radical) were determined. Randomly allocated male white Wistar rats into four groups of five each: non-diabetic control; diabetic control; diabetic treated with Carthamus tinctorius extract (200 mg kg-1 BW); diabetic treated with Portulaca oleracea extract daily (250 mg/kg), then pancreatic tissues were collected and routinely processed for histopathological examination.
Results indicate that methanolic extract of Portulaca oleracea leaves had the largest total polyphenols and flavonoids content, which were 129.03 mg GAE/g and 22.55 mg QE/g, followed by Carthamus tinctorius flowers methanolic extract, which were 102.44 mg GAE/g and 13.94 mg QE/g, respectively. Identification of total polyphenols and flavonoids were estimated by HPLC. The methanolic extract of Portulaca oleracea leaves, had the highest reducing power which was 1.921 at the concentrations of 80 mg/ml. followed by Carthamus tinctorius flowers extract. Also, by using (DPPH+), the highest antioxidants activity was for Portulaca oleracea leaves extract. Microscopic examination of pancreatic tissues from rats treated with Portulaca oleracea and Carthamus tinctorius revealed their anti-diabetic activity with improved histological tissue changes compared with alloxan induced diabetic group. Moreover, antidiabetic activity of Portulaca oleracea recorded more histological improvement than that of Carthamus tinctorius compared with the control non diabetic group.
STUDIES ON SOME PLANT EXTRACTS AS ANTIMICROBIALS AND FOOD PRESERVATIVES
Authors: Ezz Eldien Dawoud , Mohammed El Moghazy Gihan , Nader Fahmy Hala
Published: June 2020

This study was conducted to detect the effect of some essential oil (EOs) extracts (Thyme, Oregano, and Menthol) as natural food preservatives against some food-borne pathogens (salmonella Typhimurium and E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and listeria monocytogens). The selected extracts were in concentrations ranging from 0.01% to 0.8% v/v using broth dilution technique. The Obtained results revealed that the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the used extracts 0.3%, 0.1% and 0.8% for Thyme, Oregano, and Menthol, respectively, depended on the concentrations which inhibited Bacillus cereus as it is considered the most resistant Gram-positive spore-forming strain. Studying the mode of action of the used EOs against Salmonella sp. were performed using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) which indicated cell wall and plasma membrane damage. Also, the obtained MICs of EOs were used in preparation of luncheon to study the possibility of its usage instead of or together with the chemicals used for preservation during luncheon processing. The obtained results showed that, in luncheon processing, thyme extract has the same preservative effect as sodium nitrite (125 ppm) when it is used as the lonely preservative substance while using the obtained MICs of the used EO with 50 ppm of sodium nitrite had a reliable preserving effect in luncheon process.
FOLLICULAR DENDRITIC CELLS IN MAMMALS – AN OVERVIEW
Authors: Kratochvílová Lucie , Sláma Petr
Published: June 2020

Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells. They recognize antigens and can present these antigens to naïve T lymphocytes. DCs play an important part in the mechanism of adaptive immunity. Namely, they control and regulate adaptive immune responses. DCs secrete cytokines involved in the removal of pathogenic agents. They represent the boundary between innate and adaptive immunity. We can see these cells in lymph nodes, spleen, mucosa and other parts of a body in mammals. Several kinds of dendritic cells differ in positions, structure and functions. One type of DCs is follicular dendritic cells (FDCs). FDCs are located in lymphoid follicles in mammals. FDCs have the main role in binding and retaining antigens by linking to complexes (mainly complement and immune). After they present these pathogenic agents to the germinal center (GC) of B lymphocytes and initiate the secondary immune response. FDCs as well as other DCs play an important part in effective humoral response towards pathogenic agents. Most studies about FDCs are in human and mice and there is a lack of studies that concentrate on bovine follicular dendritic cells (BFDCs). This review provides a brief overview of FDCs in mammals.
INVESTIGATION OF PHYSIOCHEMICAL AND STORAGE CONDITIONS ON THE PROPERTIES OF EXTRACTED TIGER NUT OIL FROM DIFFERENT CULTIVARS
Authors: Nina G.C , Ukeyima M. , Ogori A. F , Hleba Lukas , Hlebova Miroslava , Glinushkin Alexey , Laishevtcev Alexey , Derkanosova Anna , Pigorev Igor , Plygun Sergey , Shariati Mohammad Ali
Published: June 2020

nut oil was extracted from (black, brown and yellow) cultivars using n-hexane. Physiochemical properties (refractive index, specific gravity, acid value, free fatty acid, peroxide, saponification and iodine values of the oil samples were determined. Storage studies on the tiger nut oils were done by monitoring changes in the thiobarbituric acid, peroxide value, free fatty acid and moisture content for twelve (12) weeks. The refractive index, specific gravity, acid value and free fatty acid value ranged between 1.46 ̵ 1.47, 0.89 ̵ 0.90, 0.4 ̵ 1.40mg/g, and 0.20 ̵ 0.75% respectively. The peroxide, saponification and iodine values ranged between 3.99 ̵ 4.43meq/kg, 183.25 ̵ 202.87mg/kOH/g and 29.69 ̵ 31.74g/l2/g respectively. The major fatty acids (FAs) of the tiger nut oil were oleic (77.71%), palmitic (16.17%), and stearic (5.08%) acids for the black cultivar, oleic (64.12%), palmitic (11.86%), linoleic (11.87%) and dihum ̵ g ̵ linolenic (1.71%) for the brown cultivar while the yellow cultivar had oleic (68.89%), linoleic (12.77%), palmitic (13.33%) and stearic (4.46%). During storage peroxide value, free fatty acid, moisture content and thiobarbituric acid of the oil were within the maximum limits as recommended by CODEX Alimentarius.
In vitro antimicrobial activity of hydrosol from Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers. against Helicobacter pylori and Candida albicans
Authors: Hung Tran Thanh , Trang Pham Thu , Viet Hoang , Lan Nguyen Thi My , Ngan Luong Thi My , Hieu Tran Trung
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori and Candida albicans are classified as the most common pathogenic agents in humans. H. pylori is responsible for gastroduodenal diseases and greatly associated with gastric carcinogenesis, while C. albicans is the main cause of fungal urinary tract, genital yeast, and fungal skin infections. The increasing appearance of drug-resistant strains of H. pylori and C. albicans has made the treatment of the infections more serious. Hydrosols from plant steam distillation have been traditionally used in medicine, cosmetics, and culinary uses. They have been recently suggested as antimicrobial agents owing to their safety and ability to reduce the potential of resistance. The aim of the present study is to assess antibacterial and antifungal activities of hydrosols extracted from the fresh fruits of Litsea cubeba against H. pylori and C. albicans.

Methods: The L. cubeba fruit hydrosol was obtained by steam distillation method. Evaluation of the growth-inhibiting and microbicidal effects of the hydrosol towards the H. pylori ATCC 43504 and C. albicans ATCC 10231 was determined through MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration), MBC (minimal bactericidal concentration), and MFC (minimal fungicidal concentration) measurements using broth dilution assays. Compositions of the dissolved essential oil (dEO) from the hydrosol were analyzed by GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry).

Results: The results indicated that the L. cubeba fruit hydrosol exhibited strong antimicrobial ability towards the bacterium H. pylori (MIC of 10%, MBC of 30%) and the yeast C. albicans (MIC of 10%, MFC of 40%). The cells of H. pylori and C. albicans were killed completely after 24 and 18 hours of treatment with 30% and 40% of the hydrosol, respectively. The major constituents of the dEO were geranial (32.92%), neral (27.12%), p-menthan-8-yl acetate (8.45%), 2-cyclopropyl-2-methylspiro[2.2]pentane-1-carboxylic acid (8.09%), linalool (4.24%), and methyl heptenone (4.15%).

Conclusion: The results of the study suggest that L. cubeba fruit hydrosols could be used as potent natural antibacterial and antifungal preparations in the global effort to discover safe alternatives to toxic antimicrobial agents.
Análise Facial na Terapêutica Ortodôntica – uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Dos Santos Réferson Melo , Boas Aline Vilas , Melo dos Santos Rafaela Silva Barbosa
Published: June 2020

A análise facial tem sido um recurso diagnóstico valorizado desde os primórdios da Ortodontia. Avaliar o padrão de equilíbrio estético é fundamental para nortear as condutas clínicas do ortodontista, tanto em norma frontal como o perfil facial. A criação de metas terapêuticas, para facilitar a nossa visualização, oferece parâmetros para o desenvolvimento do tratamento ortodôntico, tornando-os recursos de grande valia para o diagnóstico e prognóstico dos casos. O trabalho tem como objetivo proporcionar ao ortodontista uma visão integrada do diagnóstico estético facial, apresentando metas terapêuticas que podem contribuir para o equilíbrio e harmonia facial, bem como na contribuição para melhores resultados do tratamento ortodôntico.