bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Long-COVID sequelae are associated with oxidative stress in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Stepanova N. , Korol L. , Snisar L. , Rysyev A. , Ostapenko T. , Marchenko V. , Belousova O. , Popova O. , Malashevska N. , Kolesnyk M.
Published: March 2023

pathophysiology of long-COVID sequelae in the general population of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients has been shown to be strongly influenced by oxidative stress. However, the potential role of oxidative stress in the development of long-COVID sequelae in hemodialysis patients (HD) has never been investigated.

The present study aimed to evaluate the oxidative status of HD patients 3.5 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection in relation to the presence of long-COVID sequelae and the severity of the acute phase COVID-19.

Methods. This cross-sectional cohort study included 63 HD patients with a median age of 55 (43-62.5) years and a dialysis vintage of 42 (25-73) months who had been infected with COVID-19 at least 3 months before recruitment. Patients were divided into two groups according to the occurrence of long-COVID sequelae: Group 1 included 31 (49.2%) HD patients with sequelae, while Group 2 included 32 (50.8%) fully recovered individuals. At 3.5 (3.2-4.6) months after the acute phase of COVID-19, malondialdehyde (MDA) and erythrocyte levels (MDAe), sulfhydryl groups (SH -groups), serum catalase activity, transferrin, and ceruloplasmin were measured. A comparison of the obtained data was performed using the Student’s test or the Mann-Whitney test according to the data distribution. A correlation was evaluated with the Spearman test.

Results. HD patients with persistent long-COVID sequelae had significantly higher concentrations of MDAs (p = 0.002), MDAe (p = 0.0006), and CTs (p = 0.02), and lower serum levels of SH-groups (p = 0.03) and ceruloplasmin (p = 0.03) compared with Group 2. The concentration of most studied indicators of pro- and antioxidant status did not depend on the severity of the acute phase COVID-19, and only catalase activity was statistically significantly related to the need for hospitalization (r = 0.59; p = 0.001), oxygen support (r = 0.44; p = 0.02), and the percentage of lung injury according to computed tomography (p = 0.03). Although the serum concentration of transferrin did not differ between the studied groups, the individual analysis showed that its value was statistically higher in HD patients with severe COVID-19 even 3.5 months after infection (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions. Long-term COVID-19 sequelae in HD patients are associated with oxidative stress. High levels of catalase activity and serum transferrin 3.5 months after COVID-19 may be a consequence of the severe course of the acute phase of the disease. The obtained data suggest that the use of antioxidants may be one of the possible strategies to treat the long-term consequences of COVID in HD patients.
Nephrotic syndrome in children: international evidence and Ukraine 2022
Authors: Fomina S. P.
Published: March 2023

This review aimed to summarize the current recommendations for conversion treatment of children with nephrotic syndrome and to identify the specifics of therapeutic management in Ukraine.

The KDIGO guidelines of 2021 and the IPNA recommendations of 2020 and 2023, previous experience in Ukraine, and relevant clinical and legal aspects in 2022 were analyzed. Differences in the definitions of nephrotic children adopted in recent years were noted. International practice on disease conversion at the onset of nephrotic syndrome in children, steroid dependence, frequent recurrent course, and steroid resistance was summarized, and current measures of renal protection in children were presented. The spectrum of medicine used to treat nephrotic syndrome (glucocorticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, cyclophosphamide, mycophenolate mofetil, levamisole, chlorambucil, rituximab), their priority, dosage, monitoring, and duration of treatment in pediatrics depending on disease characteristics were presented. The consistency between the national treatment protocol and international recommendations for the main groups of medicines available in Ukraine was noted. In addition, the focus and limitations of treatment interventions depending on glucocorticosteroid sensitivity in Ukraine under martial law were summarized and practical points to facilitate clinical decision-making were highlighted. The urgency of establishing an adaptive guideline for the treatment of nephrotic children based on international experience and Ukrainian capabilities depending on the challenges of martial law was confirmed.
Qualitative Evaluation of University Students’ Experience Delivering an Obesity Prevention Programme in Elementary Schools
Authors: Lamps Katherine , Muzaffar Henna , Prange Nancy , Ann Patterson Julie , Hein Andrea
Published: March 2023

The Coordinated Approach to Child Health (CATCH) programme is an accredited obesity prevention programme in the United States, teaching children about nutrition, physical activity, and screen time limits. This study aimed to evaluate the perceptions of undergraduate and graduate student leaders’ about their experience delivering the CATCH programme in elementary schools in Northern Illinois school districts during the 2019–2020 school year and its impact on their personal and professional skills and on programme participants. An email questionnaire was sent to eligible students. Grounded theory was used to analyze the students’ responses. Two researchers assigned codes to the data and identified themes. Twenty-one students responded (50% response rate). Six identified themes include “purpose of CATCH programme,” “school facilities and resources,” “university students experience with CATCH lessons and activities,” “benefits to university student,” “benefits to children and teachers,” and “identified weaknesses and suggested improvements to CATCH.” University students delivering the CATCH programme appreciated the opportunity to practice in a real-world setting, gained transferable professional skills, increased programme content knowledge, identified CATCH programme benefits/strengths, and planned to apply lessons learned to future practice.
Should I Stay or Should I Go?
Authors: Dentler Klara
Published: March 2023

Does political ambivalence increase vote switching? While the effects of ambivalence on vote switching have been investigated in the American political system, its application to multi-party systems has not been explored. To address this gap, this article investigates the effects of ambivalence on vote intention switching and vote switching in Germany's multi-party system, which has recently experienced electoral instability. Using the German Longitudinal Election Study (gles), the article teases out the mechanics of party ambivalence, leader ambivalence, and party-leader ambivalence. The results suggest that ambivalence increases the probability of voters switching parties during the pre-election campaigning period and between two consecutive elections. Ambivalence therefore has important implications for vote switching and for understanding the underlying determinants of electoral volatility in twenty-first-century politics.
Apraxia of speech with phonological alexia and agraphia following resection of the left middle precentral gyrus: illustrative case
Authors: Levy Deborah F. , Silva Alexander B. , Scott Terri L. , Liu Jessie R. , Harper Sarah , Zhao Lingyun , Hullett Patrick W. , Kurteff Garret , Wilson Stephen M. , Leonard Matthew K. , Chang Edward F.
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Apraxia of speech is a disorder of speech-motor planning in which articulation is effortful and error-prone despite normal strength of the articulators. Phonological alexia and agraphia are disorders of reading and writing disproportionately affecting unfamiliar words. These disorders are almost always accompanied by aphasia.

OBSERVATIONS

A 36-year-old woman underwent resection of a grade IV astrocytoma based in the left middle precentral gyrus, including a cortical site associated with speech arrest during electrocortical stimulation mapping. Following surgery, she exhibited moderate apraxia of speech and difficulty with reading and spelling, both of which improved but persisted 6 months after surgery. A battery of speech and language assessments was administered, revealing preserved comprehension, naming, cognition, and orofacial praxis, with largely isolated deficits in speech-motor planning and the spelling and reading of nonwords.

LESSONS

This case describes a specific constellation of speech-motor and written language symptoms—apraxia of speech, phonological agraphia, and phonological alexia in the absence of aphasia—which the authors theorize may be attributable to disruption of a single process of “motor-phonological sequencing.” The middle precentral gyrus may play an important role in the planning of motorically complex phonological sequences for production, independent of output modality.
Extraoral anterior approach for the treatment of os odontoideum: illustrative case
Authors: Farrar Jacob M. , Grasso Mackenzie , Placide Rick J.
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Os odontoideum is typically treated with instrumented fusion through a posterior cervical approach. When this approach fails, limited options for revision are available. Occipitocervical fusion and transoral anterior fusions have been utilized in the past but are associated with high morbidity and complications.

OBSERVATIONS

Here the authors report a case of os odontoideum that was treated with an anterior cervical extraoral approach after failed posterior instrumented fusion. They discuss the challenges that can be encountered with the failure of fusion and the limited options when it comes to approach and fixation of os odontoideum.

LESSONS

To the authors’ knowledge and based on a review of the literature, this case represents the first use of an anterior extraoral prevascular approach to the high cervical spine to address os odontoideum. They demonstrate that this approach can be utilized as a reasonable alternative to transoral surgery and should be considered in cases where additional or alternative fixation is desired without the morbidity and complications associated with occipitocervical fusion or a transoral approach, especially in a younger patient population.
Spontaneous rhinorrhea: a possible concealing initial symptom of ecchordosis physaliphora. Illustrative case
Authors: Castello Ruiz Maria Jose , Alsavaf Mohammad Bilal , Fadel Michael , Salem Eman H. , Mongkolkul Kittichai , Naksen Pakjira , Godil Saniya S. , Otto Bradley A. , Carrau Ricardo L. , Prevedello Daniel M.
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Spontaneous rhinorrhea may be the initial manifestation of ecchordosis physaliphora (EP). There are currently 47 published cases of symptomatic EP, with spontaneous rhinorrhea being one of the most prevalent symptoms. The authors report 1 case as a cause of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistula.

OBSERVATIONS

A 46-year-old woman presented to the authors’ clinic with meningitis secondary to nasal CSF leakage. The computed tomography (CT) scan indicated an imperceptibly thin/dehiscent focus along the posterior wall of the sphenoid air cell’s midline. A tumor was identified during endoscopic endonasal CSF repair surgery. EP was diagnosed in the frozen and final pathology.

LESSONS

EP should be considered as a potential cause of spontaneous rhinorrhea. This initial clinical manifestation accounts for 35% of symptomatic EP cases. The prepontine and posterior sphenoid sinus wall appear to be the locations with the highest susceptibility. Surgical therapy of the fistula without excision of the lesion may result in insufficient issue resolution and recurrence.
TÜRK KÜLTÜRÜNDE AĞIT YAKMA GELENEĞİ VE KAYSERİ’NİN AĞITÇI AVŞAR KADINLARI
Authors: KARATAŞ Yasemin
Published: March 2023

Ağıtlar ağıt yakan kişinin acılarını ifade biçimi olarak kullandığı müzikal yapıya uygun olarak gerçekleştirilen bir araçtır. Geçmişten bugüne, ağıtlar insan yaşamında özlem, ayrılık, ölüm gibi acılı olan birçok durumda kullanılmıştır ve günümüzde de gelenek olarak varlığını devam ettirmektedir. Ağıt yakma geleneğinin aktarıcısı olarak Avşar toplumu ve özellikle Avşar kadınlar, bu geleneği korumakta ve devam ettirmektedir. Araştırmada ağıt yakan Avşar kadınların bu geleneği nasıl sürdürdükleri ve müzikal üretimi nasıl gerçekleştirdikleri belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden betimsel modele uygun olarak gerçekleştirilmeye çalışılan araştırmada Kayseri’nin Pınarbaşı, Sarız ve Tomarza ilçelerinde yaşayan ve Ağıt yakan Avşar kadınlara yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme soruları sorularak veriler elde edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizi tekniği kullanılarak, tema ve kodlar oluşturulmuş, ifade bildiren katılımcıların basit frekans (f) ve yüzdelik değerleri (%) alınarak bulgular tablolaştırılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, Avşar kültüründe ağıt yakmanın kısmen günah kabul edildiğini, bu geleneğin erkekler tarafından da gerçekleştirildiği, kadınların bu geleneği kısmen ailelerinden öğrendiği ve yakılan ağıtların müzikal yapıya uygun olarak gerçekleştirildiği sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır.
KABAK KEMANEDE KULLANILAN SAĞ VE SOL EL TEKNİKLERİNE YÖNELİK EĞİTİMCİ VE İCRACI GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: YÖNTEM Veli , TÜRKMEN Uğur
Published: March 2023

Çalışmanın amacı, kabak kemane eğitimcileri ve icracılarının sağ ve sol el tekniklerine yönelik görüşlerinin betimlenmesidir. Araştırma grubunda on farklı üniversiteden on üç eğitimci, TRT, Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığından beş kabak kemane icracısı olmak üzere toplam on sekiz kişi yer almıştır. Araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan görüşme soruları iki alan uzmanına e posta yoluyla gönderilerek güvenirlik-geçerlik kontrolleri sağlanmış ve etik onayı alındıktan sonra kabak kemane eğitimcileri ve icracılarıyla “zoom” adlı video konferans programından görüşmeler sağlanarak veriler toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler içerik analiz yöntemiyle kategorize edilmiş ve tablolardan faydalanılarak okuyucuya sunulmuştur. Araştırma kapsamında eğitimcilerin sağ ve sol tekniklerine hangi lisans sürecinde yer verdikleri, hem eğitimci hem de icracıların diğer yaylı çalgılardaki sağ ve sol el tekniklerinin kabak kemanedeki kullanım durumları, sağ ve sol el tekniklerinin terminolojik açıdan kullanımıyla ilgili (Türk/Batı) hangisini tercih ettikleri, Teke Yöresinde icra edilen eserlerde hangi sağ ve sol el tekniklerine yer verdikleri ve bu tekniklere ilişkin mevcut yazılı materyallerle ilgili görüşlerine yer verilmiştir. Ardından bu görüşmeler sonucunda kabak kemane eğitiminde ve icrasında kullanılan sağ ve sol el tekniklerine ilişkin veriler yorumlanmıştır.
IMPROVING THE NUTRITIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FISH USING ANTIBIOTICS AND PROBIOTICS IN FEEDING (REVIEW)
Authors: Sizencov Aleksey , Miroshnikova Elena Petrovna , Arinzhanov Azamat Ersainovich
Published: March 2023

Abstract. The purpose of the study is aimed at collecting and analyzing literature data on the use of probiotics and phytobiotics in the fish fattening system to obtain environmentally safe products on the example of fattening common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Materials and methods of research. The search and analysis of literature was carried out using Internet resources: RSCI – https://www.elibrary.ru, ScienceDirect – https://www.sciencedirect.com, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Results. In this review, using meta-analytical data, the main results on the use of probiotics and phytobiotics in the fish fattening system for obtaining environmentally safe products with high nutritional values of finished products are summarized. The current trends of high demand for food products are mainly focused on the search for innovative solutions for the identification of production processes. From the standpoint of nutritional value, fish proteins are absorbed better than animal proteins. Fish contains significant indicators of calcium content, which, combined with high levels of vitamin D and low cholesterol, makes it extremely useful for the human body. As the main model for collecting meta-analytical data, we used the results of international experience in the use of various phytobiotics in the fattening of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). A systematic analysis of the data allows us to judge the high potential of feed additives of various origin and pharmacochemical composition as growth activators, antioxidant and humoral protection of the body, as well as an increase in the nutritional value of finished products by increasing the content of crude protein in the final product. The presented data indicate a high potential for the use of agro-food waste for the sustainable development of industrial fish farming. It should be noted that the conducted bibliometric study of the review of recent publications indicates a high level of interest in the world to solve the problem and the interest of the world scientific community. Scientific novelty lies in the systematic analysis of empirical literature data on the development and use of probiotic and phytobiotic feed additives to increase productivity, nutritional value and resistance to infectious diseases of various representatives of aquaculture.
Niveles de autocompasión y afrontamiento de demandas cotidianas en estudiantes de Educación Primaria
Authors: Ferradás Canedo María del Mar , Freire Rodríguez Carlos
Published: March 2023

Ineludiblemente, en su día a día el estudiantado de Educación Primaria ha de hacer frente a múltiples y heterogéneas demandas académicas y extraacadémicas. Estas demandas cotidianas constituyen una potencial amenaza para el bienestar infantil, por lo que la identificación de recursos personales que favorezcan un afrontamiento más constructivo adquiere una especial importancia. Desde este planteamiento proactivo, en el presente estudio se analizó el papel de la autocompasión en el afrontamiento de demandas cotidianas en estudiantes de Educación Primaria. Específicamente, se determinaron las diferencias en las estrategias de afrontamiento del estudiantado en función de su nivel de autocompasión. La muestra participante estuvo conformada por 487 estudiantes de cuarto, quinto y sexto de Educación Primaria. Se llevó a cabo un diseño ex post facto transversal. El estudiantado con niveles más elevados de autocompasión evidenció una utilización significativamente más alta de todas las estrategias aproximativas evaluadas. Por el contrario, la utilización de estrategias improductivas fue significativamente menor en el alumnado más autocompasivo. Estos hallazgos sugieren que la autocompasión puede constituir un recurso personal eficaz a la hora de favorecer el afrontamiento adaptativo de las demandas cotidianas en los cursos superiores de Educación Primaria.
Estilos de vida y rendimiento académico en estudiantes de la Universidad Uniciencia de Bucaramanga, Colombia
Authors: Sáez Abello Guillermo Andrés , Sierra Arias Valentín , Ariza Viviescas Andrés Mauricio , Laurin Lynda Louise , Mora Pedreros Paula Andrea
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre estilos de vida y rendimiento académico, en estudiantes de la Universidad Uniciencia en Bucaramanga, Colombia. Metodología: Estudio de enfoque cuantitativo, y de alcance descriptivo-correlacional realizado en estudiantes con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y 21 años. Se aplicaron dos instrumentos denominados: cuestionario Fantástico, el cual evalúa el Estilo de vida. Para el rendimiento académico se utilizó una escala de evaluación de 1.0 a 5.0 con un 60 % de exigencia proporcionada por la institución educativa. Resultados: Las mujeres poseen una tendencia hacia un estilo de vida superior en relación con sus contrapartes los hombres. Se pudo identificar que los promedios más altos los obtuvieron los estudiantes de la facultad de ingeniería en sistemas y que las mujeres poseen promedios superiores frente a los hombres. Se observaron correlaciones positivas y estadísticamente significativas en la dimensión de la familia. Conclusiones: Finalmente, se pudo determinar que no existe una conformidad en la relación de los estilos de vida y el rendimiento académico en esta población, adicionalmente se pudo identificar una relación fuerte y estadísticamente significativa en la dimensión familia y el promedio académico en ambos sexos; por lo que se puede concluir que fuertes lazos familiares, relaciones sanas y adecuadas en este contexto puede favorecer el rendimiento académico.
https://bulhistphaa.enu.kz/index.php/main/article/view/443/257
Authors:   Suleyman Demirel University, Tulibayeva Z.
Published: March 2023

This article examines the Khoqand historical and memoir work Khulasat al-ahwal (Summary of circumstances [of life]) by Abu Ubaydallah Muhammad and his information on the local history of the Tashkent region of Uzbekistan and the regions of South Kazakhstan, which were part of the Khoqand Khanate in the 19th century. In Khulasat al-ahwal, compiled in Persian, the author outlines the main stages of his life and many years of service in the administration of the ruler of the Tashkent vilayet, where he held various positions – from a clerk and secretary to a tax collector and head of tax collection. The purpose of this study is to introduce into academic discourse new material on the socio-economic situation and the administrative system of governance in the Tashkent vilayet and Desht-i Kipchak contained in Khulasat al-ahwal, as well as provide source information on the historical geography of this region. The revealed factual material from Khulasat al-ahwal showed that the autobiographical records of Abu Ubaydallah Muhammad contain original data on the activities of Khoqand senior officials, the difficult internal political situation in the Tashkent vilayet in the period from 1826 to 1865. The memoirs of Abu Ubaydallah Muhammad reflected subjective assessments of the events taking place in the Tashkent vilayet and Desht-i Kipchak. However, the author conveys to us the moods of certain sections of the population of the vilayet, who had a negative attitude towards the domestic policy pursued by the Khoqand officials. Khulasat al-ahwal has yet to be studied in detail since much of the factual information of this original historical source has not yet been studied enough and is not available to a wide readership
The history of the oil industry in the Fergana Valley during the period of the Kokand Khanate and the colonial era of the Russian Empire
Authors:   National University of Uzbekistan, Ergasheva H.
Published: March 2023

The article examines the history of oil production by primitive methods and by drilling oil wells in the Fergana Valley during the period of the Kokand Khanate and the era of colonialism of the Russian Empire, the development of the oil refining industry in conjunction with all sectors of the national economy. The article is devoted to the history of the development of the oil industry in the Ferghana Valley, the processes of oil production by drilling on the basis of archival documents from the funds of the National State Archives of Uzbekistan, scientific research by foreign and domestic researchers. The formation of the oil industry in the Fergana Valley was carried out in the middle of the 19th century under the Kokand Khanate. By the beginning of the 20th century, oil drilling began. As a result of the introduction of foreign capital into the oil industry, the introduction of new methods, technologies and means of oil production, the use of advanced experience in this industry, this industry has succeeded, reaching a high industrial scale. But during the First World War, the rate of oil production in the Ferghana Valley declined, as in the entire territory of the empire. This was due to the closure of foreign trade routes due to the war, the reduction in the amount of capital invested in this sector, the involvement of skilled oil workers in the war, and the result of the nationalization process after the coup d'état. In the study of the process of formation and formation of the oil industry in the region, comparative, historical and factor analysis was used for a detailed approach to the topic. The conclusions and proposals in the article are developed using current research papers, unique archival materials, and also include the relevant chronology, statistics, periodization and conclusions on the topic.
Digitalization as a new vector for the development of Kazakhstan
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Amangeldiyev A. , Shakirov S. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: March 2023

The definition of a new vector of socio-economic development of Kazakhstan, actualized a number of problems related to the search for new models of their own self-organization. At the same time, special interest began to be shown in the digitalization of society. For the most part, digitalization takes place without its proper preliminary scientific and theoretical justification and the development of methodological and applied knowledge. Understanding the process of digitalization of society is also taking place within the framework of philosophical discourse, which seeks to integrate approaches that have developed in various fields of scientific knowledge. Today, the development of a digital society is one of the main problems studied by modern philosophers. President K. Tokayev, in his Message to the people Kazakhstan in 2021, emphasized that the basic element of all reforms and the key tool for achieving national competitiveness is digitalization. The elimination of the digital divide marks a new stage in the development of social Kazakhstan on the principles of justice. Digitalization is primarily a socio-political and socio-humanitarian problem. Therefore, new strategic tasks have been set before the scientific community, to determine what can give the country entry into the path of its «digitalization». Thus, Kazakhstan needs a kind of digitalization model, where, along with the spread of digital technologies, the demand for social justice will grow. This indicates that in modern scientific knowledge there is an interest in various aspects of the digital society, its advantages and consequences for people's life. At the same time, the problem of digitalization of society provides a basis for its further research and building social justice. This article analyzes government programs and world rankings in the field of digitalization.
The problem of the connection between falsafa and religion in al-Farabi teachings
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Duisen N. , Itegulova E. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: March 2023

This article discusses the relationship between religion and falsafa in the worldview of Abu Nasr al-Farabi, a prominent representative of the Arab-Muslim culture of the Middle Ages, the founder of Falsafa.The fundamental searches of the thinker were also outlined, which led to the approximation of Islam to nature based on the Muslim worldview, to the works of the philosophers of antiquity Plato, Aristotle about the creation of the world. The question of the thinker's vision and opinion in relation to religion still remains an unfinished topic. During the writing of the article, evidence was presented describing the unity of Al-Farabi with religion and Falsafa. Farabi himself, being a representative of Falsafa, gave a rationalistic assessment of religion. He identified religion with philosophical categories, not with religious traits. Among his treatises and scientific books by Al-Farabi, the problem of combining falsafa and religion is one of the most ambitious and diverse.Farabi also defines religion and falsafa, starting from their origin. Religion is, according to the thinker who arose after falsafa in time. In addition to understanding the necessity of religion, Al-Farabi argued that existence is possible without it. That is, he meant that even through philosophy, a person can achieve truth and wealth. This article examines in detail the nature and essence of Farabi's theological teaching.Also the subject of the research of the article was the problem of the thinker of prophecy, the origin of the world, the theory of creation, God (Allah). The article systematically analyzed the works of foreign and domestic scientists-researchers of the teachings of Farabi.
Social and philosphical views in the works of Al Farabi and Al Gazali
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Tumashbay T. , Ibrayeva N. ,   M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University
Published: March 2023

The social content of human activity, the perfection of the person, the spiritual worldview of a person based on the ethical values of the Islamic religion and the evaluation of time in the philosophical views of Al-Farabi and Al-Ghazaliarticle are presented in the article. There is a concept of intelligentsia that lost its relevance in science. Al-Farabi's intellectual activity in recognizing his own identity, recognizing the truth through knowledge, recognizing the truth of oneself and the surrounding world through Al-Ghazali's methods of mystical recognition of the secret of the Creator were considered. The content of the article consists of the activity of the mind and forms of thinking, the religious anthropological characteristics of a person, the types of society and the needs of its management, the concepts of religious context and business culture. The attention was paid to the methods of determining personality perfection in the creativity of thinkers. In particular, al-Farabi's benevolent city art, the concept of a perfect leader, the needs inherent in the management of society proposed by Al-Ghazali, and Hakim Abay's concept of a complete person were compared. The ethical values and morality of Al-Ghazali in the upbringing of generation are presented. This direction was widely studied in the works of scientists such as A.Kh. Kasymzhanov, A. Korben, Garifolla Yesim, Zh.A. Altayev, D. Kenzhetai, B. Satershinov, N. Seitakhmetova, A.D. Kurmangaliyeva, Zh. Sandybayev, Khilmi Ziya Ulken.
Conflictology and the Law «On Mediation»
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Shakirov S. , Amangeldiyev A. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: March 2023

Modern realities in a rapidly changing world are condensing events with conflict potential, which will certainly affect the prospects for the further development of mankind as a whole, as well as in relation to individual states and social groups. Such phenomena as social disunity, racial and ethnic intolerance, terror, often resulting in dramatic social and interethnic conflicts, actualize the need to develop the institution of mediation. In October 2021, at a meeting of the Assembly of the People of Kazakhstan, President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev noted «It is necessary to actively use the capabilities of public legal institutions, in particular, mediation». As the next priority task, the Head of State noted «that for ethnomediation in our conditions the format of professional negotiators is the most effective».The January events of last year exposed a number of social problems, including the gap between the poor and the rich. In his speech, the Head of State emphasized that «the country has changed, and the attitude of Kazakhstan to power, the economic system and life in general has also changed. And now there is a strategic task of a deep transformation of the entire social structure. In the discourses of modern foreign and domestic experts, questions about the problems of world development through the escalation of social conflicts are more often raised. Based on this, we consider it important that real reforms should contribute to meeting the security interests of modern Kazakhstan. This requires further formation and systematization of the institution of mediation in the socio-cultural life of Kazakhstan.
Maker-centred Learning Approach to Craft STEM Education in Primary Schools: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Balakrisnan Vijaya -
Published: March 2023

The implementation of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) in primary schools is a new avenue for researchers and educators. Several studies have reported the needs, barriers and threats and tested instructional methods in general. In Malaysian primary schools, it is still a work in progress and a great challenge to deal with existing issues in teaching and learning primary science. Hence, education futurists have redirected science learning by commercialising the student-centred learning model of makerspace with STEM elements, which combines high-tech tools and materials. Besides, in the Scopus database, the number of researches on the STEM education infused maker concept shows notable figures. Therefore, this study presents a systematic literature review on implementations of the STEM-Maker concept in primary schools for in-depth understanding and application. A checklist of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) is referred to and applied. Eight STEM-Maker concept implementations and six STEM-Maker concept practices were identified from 13 shortlisted articles. The citation, purpose and primary results of each shortlisted study are also discussed in this paper. To establish a solid foundation in science with transversal competencies in primary education, the bridging concept of the Maker with STEM education would be a tremendous opportunity to instil future skills under one roof.
Exploring Car-Ownership and Declining Carlessness in the United States during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Thakuriah Piyushimita (Vonu)
Published: March 2023

This paper examines changes in car-ownership levels before and after the COVID-19 pandemic in the US. In contrast to the two years before the pandemic, the propensity of households to be carless decreased for all households considered, as well as for low- and middle-income, and minority households. There is also evidence of an increase in the average number of vehicles for low-income households. The results highlight the additional financial burden faced by households during the pandemic as a result of higher levels of car-ownership, and that the recovery of public transportation ridership may be negatively impacted with the rise in car-ownership among transit-using groups.
HISTORIA DEL LIBRO Y CULTURA ESCRITA EN MÉXICO: Perspectivas Regionales
Authors: Garone Marina , Calíope Lourdes , Flores Marco , Garcia Edgar , Mantilla Marina , Benítez Claudia , Bárcenas Felipe , Carreón María , López Hugo , Ramírez Luciano , Hernández Óscar , Calíope Lourdes
Published: March 2023

El “Volumen Occidente” de la Historia del libro y la cultura escrita en México. Perspectivas regionales está integrado por un ensayo panorámico, con un estado de la cuestión, y nueve ensayos, escritos por reconocidos investigadores de talla nacional e internacional. Los capítulos, abordados con diversas metodologías y perspectivas disciplinarias, narran distintos episodios y rutas históricas de libros, librerías y bibliotecas, impresores y autores, en diversos periodos históricos, desde el México virreinal hasta el siglo xx, con análisis de procesos y casos que ocurrieron en los actuales estados de Aguascalientes, Zacatecas, Querétaro, San Luis Potosí y Jalisco. Esperamos que este título en particular y sus obras hermanas permitan a los lectores ampliar los conocimientos y hacerse nuevas preguntas sobre la historia del libro y la cultura escrita en México
Modified Layered Double Hydroxide Mg/M3+ (M3+ = Al and Cr) Using Metal Oxide (Cu) as Adsorbent for Methyl Orange and Methyl Red Dyes
Authors: Wijaya Alfan , Siregar Patimah Mega Syah Bahar Nur , Badri Arini Fousty , Palapa Neza Rahayu , Amri Amri , Ahmad Nur , Lesbani Aldes
Published: March 2023

Mg/Cr-layered double hydroxide (Mg/Cr-LDH) and Mg/Al-layered double hydroxide (Mg/Al-LDH) intercalated metal oxide (Mg/Cr-Cu and Mg/Al-Cu) were synthesized by the co-precipitation method which is indicated by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) analysis. Mg/Cr-LDH intercalated metal oxide increased its surface area from 21.5 to 38.9 m2/g, while the surface area of Mg/Al-LDH from 23.2 to 30.5 m2/g. The adsorption capacity of Mg/Cr-Cu is 64.156 mg/g for methyl orange (MO) and 78.740 mg/g for methyl red (MR), and the adsorption capacity of Mg/Al-Cu is 97.087 mg/g for MO and 108.696 mg/g for MR. Equilibrium time on the adsorption process occurred at 90 minutes with adsorption kinetics followed by pseudo-second-order (PSO). The adsorption isotherm followed the Langmuir isotherm equation. Data of thermodynamic parameters indicate that the adsorption process in this study occurs spontaneously and endothermically. The regeneration results show that Mg/Cr-Cu and Mg/Al-Cu can be used for the 5 cycles regeneration process of MO and MR adsorption process. Interactions that occur between adsorbents and adsorbate include physical interactions, interactions with the involvement of hydrogen bonds, and electrostatic interactions.
บทบาทของการใช้เทคนิคไอโซโทปแบบเสถียรเพื่องานด้านโภชนาการ
Authors: สิงห์โต อลงกต , เรืองศรี นริศา
Published: March 2023

การใช้เทคนิคไอโซโทปเป็นศาสตร์ทางการแพทย์ขั้นสูงแขนงหนึ่งที่ใช้ในการวินิจฉัยหรือแยกอาการผิดปกติของผู้ป่วย รวมถึงติดตามสภาวะของโรคโดยใช้ประโยชน์จากสารกัมมันตรังสี ชนิดที่นิยมใช้เป็นชนิดไอโซโทปแบบเสถียร ในทางโภชนาการปัจจุบันมีการใช้ประโยชน์จากไอโซโทปแบบเสถียรเพื่อใช้ในการวิจัยเพื่อศึกษากลไกและความเสี่ยงต่อการเกิดภาวะทุพโภชนาการจากการได้รับแร่ธาตุสารอาหารชนิดต่าง ๆ ไม่เพียงพอในแต่ละกลุ่มเป้าหมาย ประเทศไทยได้มีการประกาศใช้พระราชกฤษฎีกากำหนดให้สาขาการกำหนดอาหารเป็นสาขาการประกอบโรคศิลปะ พ.ศ. 2563 ดังนั้น นักกำหนดอาหารวิชาชีพจึงจำเป็นต้องพัฒนาตนเองโดยเฉพาะเรื่องงานวิจัยเชิงลึกด้านโภชนาการ เพื่อความมั่นคงของวิชาชีพและเพื่อประโยชน์ต่อการสนับสนุนการรักษาของแพทย์ บทความปริทัศน์นี้มีจุดประสงค์เพื่อนำเสนอองค์ความรู้เกี่ยวกับการใช้เทคนิคไอโซโทปแบบเสถียรในงานด้านโภชนาการ อีกทั้งนำเสนอข้อมูลตัวอย่างการวิจัยในระดับนานาชาติที่มีการประยุกต์ใช้องค์ความรู้เกี่ยวกับเทคนิคไอโซโทปแบบเสถียรที่ใช้ในการวิจัยด้านโภชนาการเพื่อศึกษาอัตราการดูดซึมและการนำไปใช้ในร่างกายของแร่ธาตุสารอาหารต่าง ๆ เช่น ธาตุเหล็ก สังกะสี เป็นต้น ให้เข้าใจถึงความเสี่ยงต่อการเกิดภาวะทุพโภชนาการ และเพื่อให้เกิดแนวความคิดแก่นักกำหนดอาหารวิชาชีพหรือบุคลากรทางการแพทย์ที่เกี่ยวข้องในการต่อยอดองค์ความรู้โดยใช้ไอโซโทปแบบเสถียรพัฒนางานวิจัยในสารอาหารและกลุ่มโรคที่ตนเองสนใจให้เกิดงานวิจัยเชิงลึกของนักกำหนดอาหารวิชาชีพต่อไปในอนาคต
Biodiesel from moringa stenopetala seed oil
Authors: Shage GY , Ali AY
Published: March 2023

The aim of this paper is the production and characterization of biodiesel from Moringa stenopetala seed oil. Biodiesel is a renewable, biodegradable, and nontoxic biofuel. Moringa stenopetala seed oil is a potential feedstock that has not been discovered as an energy source. This study investigated the effects of process parameters: methanol to oil ratio, reaction temperature, and catalyst loading on the yield and quality of biodiesel. The experimental results showed that the maximum biodiesel yield was 94% and it was obtained at optimum process conditions: temperature 55°C, methanol to oil ratio 6:1, and catalyst loading1.0. Biodiesel product was characterized based on international standards for testing fuels. According to the findings of the study, moringa stenopetala seed oil biodiesel has a specific gravity of 0.874 g/mole, a kinematic viscosity of 4.8 mm2/s, an acid value of 0.4 mg KOH/g, a saponification value of 196 mg KOH/g, FFA 0.2%, iodine value 104.5 high heating value 10,287 cal/g, flash Point 184°C, pour point 1°C, cloud point 10°C and cetane number 53. These results satisfy international standards for biodiesel.
Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 58(1), 35-44, 2023
Impact of wind on crash-landing mortality in grey-headed albatrosses Thalassarche chrysostoma breeding on Marion Island
Authors: Schoombie J , Schoombie S , Connan M , Jones CW , Risi M , Craig KJ , Smith L , Ryan PG , Shepard ELC
Published: March 2023

Albatrosses exploit winds to travel vast distances across the ocean. Their morphology is adapted for low-cost dynamic soaring flight, but these adaptations confer low manoeuvrability, which may be risky when flying over land. This study investigates how wind conditions influence Endangered grey-headed albatross Thalassarche chrysostoma crashes in the valley below an inland sub-colony on Marion Island. Carcass surveys were conducted in a 1 km2 area spanning the length of this sub-colony (ca. 4000 breeding pairs) from October 2017 to June 2021. Hundreds of adult and fledgling albatross carcasses were discovered, some with evidence of fatal crash-landings in the form of broken bones. Wind data measured on the cliff-top above the colony were supplemented by computational fluid dynamics simulations of wind vectors over Marion Island. Most crashes occurred below the centre of the colony, where there are strong gradients in wind speed and direction under the dominant westerly wind conditions. Observations of albatrosses in flight indicate that most birds are killed when attempting to leave the colony, specifically when flying low above ground in strong wind. An average of at least 41 adults and 40 fledglings died after crashing into the valley annually. This represents an estimated 2% of the annual production of fledglings, 0.5% of the estimated annual breeding adult population and 11% of the adult annual mortality, suggesting a substantial cost to breeding at this inland site. For these long-lived seabirds, even low levels of adult mortality can have potential demographic consequences. This is the first study to document persistent wind-driven, land-based mortalities in albatrosses.
Effects of SPARC and Possible Receptors on Colon Cancer Cell Line
Authors: MISIRLI Duygu , BİNGÖL ÖZAKPINAR Özlem , ŞEKERLER Turgut , ARU Başak , YANIKKAYA DEMİREL Gülderen , TUNOĞLU Servet , OZSAVCİ Derya
Published: March 2023

Objective: The aim of this study was to observe the apoptotic/cytotoxic effects of exogenous SPARC on colon cancer cell line HT-29, then to investigate the function of stabilin-1 and integrin αvβ3, which are possible receptors for SPARC in colon cancer cells and to determine the quantitation of their receptor numbers.
Methods: Appropriate doses of exogenous SPARC and it’s inhibitor, cilengitide added to HT-29 cell line were determined by xCELLigence Real-Time Cell Analysis system, SPARC-mediated caspase 3 expressions were measured. Using the RT-PCR system, gene expression levels of SPARC, stabilin-1 and integrin αvβ3 receptors (silenced/nonsilenced with cilengitide) were detected then the numbers of receptors per cell were quantitated by flow cytometry.
Results: IC50 value of SPARC was determined as 4.57 μg/mL and IC50 value of cilengitide was determined as 50 nM. 5 μg/mL exogenous SPARC caused increased apoptosis in the HT-29 line. Significant increase in gene expression of integrin αvβ3 receptor was observed in the group incubated with 5 μg/mL SPARC, contrarily, the addition of cilengitide decreased gene expressions. The integrin αvβ3 receptor numbers
increased approximately 2-fold with SPARC compared to the control. No significant changes were observed in the gene expression and receptor numbers of stabilin-1.
Conclusion: Exogenous SPARC was shown to reduce proliferation and induce apoptosis in colon cancer cells. Integrin αvβ3 is thought to be the possible receptor mediating SPARC in colon cancer cells. Quantification of surface receptors per cell, which we think we have done first, can be considered as a marker in the follow-up of anticancer treatments.
Evaluation of Laboratory Results with Data from Bio-Speedy Respiratory Panel 2 in Nasopharyngeal Swab Specimens of COVID-19-Suspected Patients Having PCR(-) Results
Authors: HOCANLI İclal , GÜNAK Faruk , KARAAĞAÇ Leman
Published: March 2023

Objective: The distinction between COVID-19 and other respiratory infections can be difficult during the flu and winter seasons. The aim of this study is to detect bacterial/viral microorganisms in nasopharyngeal swab samples and to evaluate routine laboratory results of patients with PCR (-) but suspected covid 19.

Methods: Between 1 July 2021 and 31 December 2021, 78 patients who were hospitalized and followed up in the suspected Covid service were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups as those with and without growth on the respiratory panel. Laboratory, demographic and radiological data were compared between groups.

Results: C-reactive protein (CRP) and ferritin levels were found to be statistically significantly higher in the group with growth on the respiratory panel compared to the group without growth (p= .05, p= .041, respectively). Reproduction was detected in nasopharyngeal swab samples taken in 56.4% of the patients. More than half of the patients were radiologically defined as CO-RADS 3.

Conclusion: It should not be forgotten that other respiratory viral and bacterial infections that mimic the COVID-19 clinic are also commonly observed during this period.
Simpson's aggregation paradox in nonparametric statistical analysis: Theory, computation, and susceptibility in public health data
Authors: Sanders Shane , Ehrlich Justin , Boudreau James
Published: March 2023

This study establishes sufficient conditions for observing instances of Simpson's (data aggregation) Paradox under rank sum scoring (RSS), as used, e.g., in the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney (WMW) rank sum test. The WMW test is a primary nonparametric statistical test in FDA drug product evaluation and other prominent medical settings. Using computational nonparametric statistical methods, we also establish the relative frequency with which paradox-generating Simpson Reversals occur under RSS when an initial data sequence is pooled with its ordinal replicate. For each 2-sample, n-element per sample or 2 x n case of RSS considered, strict Reversals occurred for between 0% and 1.74% of data poolings across the whole sample space, roughly similar to that observed for 2 x 2 x 2 contingency tables and considerably less than that observed for path models. The Reversal rate conditional on observed initial sequence is highly variable. Despite a mode at 0%, this rate exceeds 20% for some initial sequences. Our empirical application identifies clusters of Simpson Reversal susceptibility for publicly-released mobile phone radiofrequency exposure data. Simpson Reversals under RSS are not simply a theoretical concern but can reverse nonparametric or parametric biostatistical results even in vitally important public health settings. Conceptually, Paradox incidence can be viewed as a robustness check on a given WMW statistical test result. When an instance of Paradox occurs, results constituting this instance are found to be data-scale dependent. Given that the rate of Reversal can vary substantially by initial sequence, the practice of calculating this rate conditional on observed initial sequence represents a potentially important robustness check upon a result.