bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of protease activity by antisense RNA improves recombinant protein production in Nicotiana tabacum cv. Bright Yellow 2 (BY‐2) suspension cells
Authors: Mandal Manoj K. , Fischer Rainer , Schillberg Stefan , Schiermeyer Andreas
Published: May 2014

Recombinant proteins produced in plant suspension cultures are often degraded by endogenous plant proteases when secreted into the medium, resulting in low yields. To generate protease‐deficient tobacco BY‐2 cell lines and to retrieve the sequence information, we cloned four different protease cDNAs from tobacco BY‐2 cells (NtAP, NtCP, NtMMP1, and NtSP), which represent the major catalytic classes. The simultaneous expression of antisense RNAs against these endogenous proteases led to the establishment of cell lines with reduced levels of endogenous protease expression and activity at late stages of the cultivation cycle. One of the cell lines showing reduced proteolytic activity in the culture medium was selected for the expression of the recombinant full‐length IgG1(κ) antibody 2F5, recognizing the gp41 surface protein of HIV‐1. This cell line showed significantly reduced degradation of the 2F5 heavy chain, resulting in four‐fold higher accumulation of the intact antibody heavy chain when compared to transformed wild type cells expressing the same antibody. N‐terminal sequencing data revealed that the antibody has two cleavage sites within the CDR‐H3 and one site at the end of the H4‐framework region. These cleavage sites are found to be vulnerable to serine proteases. The data provide a basis for further improvement of plant cells for the production of recombinant proteins in plant cell suspension cultures.
Biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles induce neuronal differentiation of SH‐SY5Y cells via modulation of reactive oxygen species, phosphatases, and kinase signaling pathways
Authors: Dayem Ahmed Abdal , Kim BongWoo , Gurunathan Sangiliyandi , Choi Hye Yeon , Yang Gwangmo , Saha Subbroto Kumar , Han Dawoon , Han Jihae , Kim Kyeongseok , Kim Jin‐Hoi , Cho Ssang‐Goo
Published: May 2014

Nano‐scale materials are noted for unique properties, distinct from those of their bulk material equivalents. In this study, we prepared spherical silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with an average size of about 30 nm and tested their potency to induce neuronal differentiation of SH‐SY5Y cells. Human neuroblastoma SH‐SY5Y cells are considered an ideal in vitro model for studying neurogenesis, as they can be maintained in an undifferentiated state or be induced to differentiate into neuron‐like phenotypes in vitro by several differentiation‐inducing agents. Treatment of SH‐SY5Y cells by biologically synthesized AgNPs led to cell morphological changes and significant increase in neurite length and enhanced the expression of neuronal differentiation markers such as Map‐2, β‐tubulin III, synaptophysin, neurogenin‐1, Gap‐43, and Drd‐2. Furthermore, we observed an increase in generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), activation of several kinases such as ERK and AKT, and downregulation of expression of dual‐specificity phosphatases (DUSPs) in AgNPs‐exposed SH‐SY5Y cells. Our results suggest that AgNPs modulate the intracellular signaling pathways, leading to neuronal differentiation, and could be applied as promising nanomaterials for stem cell research and therapy.

same article under 10.1002/biot.201400555.
Surgical resection of peritoneal or thoracoabdominal wall implants from hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Takemura N , Hasegawa K , Aoki T , Sakamoto Y , Sugawara Y , Makuuchi M , Kokudo N
Published: May 2014

Background

Peritoneal or thoracoabdominal wall implants from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occur occasionally after biopsy, percutaneous therapy or resection, and spontaneously, with no effective treatment available. The objective of this study was to clarify the indications for, and benefits of, surgical resection of such HCC implants.

Methods

This was a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent resection for peritoneal or chest wall implants from HCC over 14 years (1997–2011). Indications for surgery for implanted HCC were: limited number of implanted lesions including those found incidentally during surgery; intrahepatic lesion absent or predicted to be locally controllable; and absence of ascites with sufficient hepatic functional reserve. Prognostic factors affecting survival after resection were determined by univariable and multivariable analysis.

Results

A total of 32 patients underwent 36 resections. Cumulative 1-, 3- and 5-year overall survival rates were 71, 44 and 39 per cent respectively, with a median survival time of 34·5 months. Univariable and multivariable analysis revealed that poor perioperative intrahepatic disease control was associated with poor survival.

Conclusion

Surgical resection of implanted HCC may improve long-term survival in selected patients as long as intrahepatic disease is absent or well controlled.
Outcomes after implementation of a multimodal standard care pathway for laparoscopic colorectal surgery
Authors: Larson D W , Lovely J K , Cima R R , Dozois E J , Chua H , Wolff B G , Pemberton J H , Devine R R , Huebner M
Published: May 2014

Background

The aim of the study was to assess which aspects of an enhanced recovery programme are associated with better outcomes following laparoscopic colorectal surgery.

Methods

A database of laparoscopic colorectal procedures performed in 2011 was reviewed. Elements of the enhanced recovery programme and compliance were evaluated for short-term (30-day) outcomes. Individual elements included gabapentin, celecoxib, intrathecal analgesia, diet, postoperative fluids, and paracetamol/non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug pain management.

Results

Five hundred and forty-one consecutive procedures were included. Compliance with the enhanced recovery programme elements ranged from 82·4 to 99·3 per cent. Median length of hospital stay was 3 (i.q.r. 2–5) days, with 25·9 per cent of patients discharged within 48 h. Patients without complications had a median length of stay of 3 (i.q.r. 2–4) days if compliant and 3 (3–5) days if not (P < 0·001). Low oral opiate intake (oral morphine equivalent of less than 30 mg) (odds ratio (OR) 1·97, 95 per cent confidence interval 1·29 to 3·03; P = 0·002), full compliance (OR 2·36, 1·42 to 3·90; P < 0·001) and high surgeon volume (more than 100 cases per year) (OR 1·50, 1·19 to 1·89; P < 0·001) were associated with discharge within 48 h. Compliance with the elements of oral intake and fluid management in the first 48 h was associated with a reduced rate of complications (8·1 versus 19·6 per cent; P = 0·001). Median oral opiate intake was 37·5 (i.q.r. 0–105) mg in 48 h, with 26·2 per cent of patients receiving no opiates.

Conclusion

Compliance with an enhanced recovery pathway was associated with less opiate use, fewer complications and a shorter hospital stay.
The application of capillary electrophoresis techniques in toxicological analysis
Authors: Sieradzka Ewelina , Witt Katarzyna , Milnerowicz Halina
Published: May 2014

Capillary electrophoresis (CE) comprises a group of techniques used to separate chemical mixtures. Analytical separation is based on different electrophoretic mobilities, thereby allowing qualitative and quantitative evaluations to be made. The application of CE in medical science, especially in toxicological studies, is developing rapidly because of the short time required for analysis and its high sensitivity, selectivity and ability to determine substances of an acidic, alkaline and neutral character. This review focuses on the possibility of applying CE in toxicological analysis. Advances in different CE analyses and detection techniques connected with this method are described. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: The Li—Si—(O)—N System Revisited: Structural Characterization of Li21Si3N11 and Li7SiN3O.
Authors: Casas‐Cabanas M. , Santner H. , Palacin M. R.
Published: May 2014

The compounds Li2SiN2, Li5SiN3, Li18Si3N10, Li21Si3N11, and Li7SiN3O are prepared from powder mixtures of Li3N, Si3N4, and Li2O by varying reaction temperature and time as well as Li/Si and O/Si ratios (800—900 °C, 0.3—4 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Cs3Zn6B9O21: A Chemically Benign Member of the KBBF Family Exhibiting the Largest Second Harmonic Generation Response.
Authors: Yu Hongwei , Wu Hongping , Pan Shilie , Yang Zhihua , Hou Xueling , Su Xin , Jing Qun , Poeppelmeier Kenneth R. , Rondinelli James M.
Published: May 2014

Single crystals of the new UV nonlinear optical title material are prepared by solid state reaction of Cs2CO3, ZnO, H3BO3, and PbO in the molar ratio 1:1:5:1 (Pt crucible, 750 °C).
ChemInform Abstract: A 200‐Fold Quantum Yield Boost in the Photoluminescence of Silver‐Doped AgxAu25‐x Nanoclusters: The 13th Silver Atom Matters.
Authors: Wang Shuxin , Meng Xiangming , Das Anindita , Li Tao , Song Yongbo , Cao Tiantian , Zhu Xiuyi , Zhu Manzhou , Jin Rongchao
Published: May 2014

Two series of Ag‐doped AgxAu25‐x nanoclusters are prepared by two different routes.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Chemically Stable Ba3Ca1.18Nb1.82‐xYx O9‐δ Proton Conductor: Improved Proton Conductivity Through Tailored Cation Ordering.
Authors: Wang Siwei , Chen Yan , Fang Shumin , Zhang Lingling , Tang Ming , An Ke , Brinkman Kyle S. , Chen Fanglin
Published: May 2014

Ba3Ca1.18Nb1.82‐xYx O9‐δ (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) are prepared by repeated calcination of stoichiometric mixtures of BaCO3, CaCO3, Nb2O5, and Y2O3 in air (1200 °C, 5 h) followed by sintering (1550 °C, 5 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetocaloric Effect in Ni47Mn40Sn13 Alloy Prepared by Mechanical Alloying.
Authors: Ghotbi Varzaneh A. , Kameli P. , Karimzadeh F. , Aslibeiki B. , Varvaro G. , Salamati H.
Published: May 2014

The nanocrystalline magnetic shape memory alloy Ni47Mn40Sn13 is prepared by mechanical alloying (high‐energy ball milling) of the elements in stoichiometric ratio followed by annealing at 950 °C (16 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Energetic Aqueous Rechargeable Sodium‐Ion Battery Based on Na2CuFe(CN)6‐NaTi2 (PO4)3 Intercalation Chemistry.
Authors: Wu Xian‐yong , Sun Meng‐ying , Shen Yi‐fei , Qian Jiang‐feng , Cao Yu‐liang , Ai Xin‐ping , Yang Han‐xi
Published: May 2014

A Na‐rich Na2CuFe(CN)6 high potential cathode is precipitated from aqueous solutions of CuCl2 and Na4Fe(CN)6 (6 h stirring, 25 h of aging).
ChemInform Abstract: Ambient Lithium—SO2 Batteries with Ionic Liquids as Electrolytes.
Authors: Xing Huabin , Liao Chen , Yang Qiwei , Veith Gabriel M. , Guo Bingkun , Sun Xiao‐Guang , Ren Qilong , Hu Yong‐Sheng , Dai Sheng
Published: May 2014

An ambient Li—SO2 battery is developed through the introduction of ionic liquid (IL) electrolytes with tailored basicities to solvate SO2 by reversible chemical absorption.
ChemInform Abstract: Single‐Layered Ultrasmall Nanoplates of MoS2 Embedded in Carbon Nanofibers with Excellent Electrochemical Performance for Lithium and Sodium Storage.
Authors: Zhu Changbao , Mu Xiaoke , van Aken Peter A. , Yu Yan , Maier Joachim
Published: May 2014

MoS2 single‐layered ultrasmall nanoplates embedded in carbon nanowires are prepared by a scalable electrospinning process using a DMF solution of (NH4)2MoS4 and polyvinylpyrrolidone followed by calcination (alumina crucible, 1.
ChemInform Abstract: Keggin (K5, H3O) [SiV3W9O40H]·xH2O: Characterization and Crystal Structure.
Authors: Bonfim Rodrigo de Paiva Floro , de Moura Luiza Cristina , Eon Jean‐Guillaume , Mentre Olivier , Vezin Herve , Caldarelli Stefano
Published: May 2014

Two different samples of the title compound are synthesized from aq.
ChemInform Abstract: Cation—Cation Interactions and Cation Exchange in a Series of Isostructural Framework Uranyl Tungstates.
Authors: Balboni Enrica , Burns Peter C.
Published: May 2014

The isotypic compounds (III), (VI), (IX), (XI), and (XIV) crystallize in the monoclinic space group Cc with Z = 4 (single crystal XRD).
ChemInform Abstract: Water‐Compatible Hydrogen‐Bond Activation: A Scalable and Organocatalytic Model for the Stereoselective Multicomponent Aza‐Henry Reaction.
Authors: Cruz‐Acosta Fabio , de Armas Pedro , Garcia‐Tellado Fernando
Published: May 2014

The corresponding products with inverse stereochemistry are available by deployment of a thiourea‐based organocatalyst under the same conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Enantioselective Mannich‐Type Reaction via a Chiral Silver Enolate.
Authors: Yanagisawa Akira , Lin Yuqin , Miyake Ryoji , Yoshida Kazuhiro
Published: May 2014

All reaction products are isolated with 98% diastereoisomeric excess.
ChemInform Abstract: Modular Mesoionics: Understanding and Controlling Regioselectivity in 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloadditions of Muenchnone Derivatives.
Authors: Morin Marie S. T. , St‐Cyr Daniel J. , Arndtsen Bruce A. , Krenske Elizabeth H. , Houk K. N.
Published: May 2014

The regioselectivity in 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reactions of Muenchnones, imino‐Muenchnones and phospha‐Muenchnones with alkynes is studied by experimental and computational methods.
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular Trapping of Allenylzincs by Carbonyl Groups.
Authors: Jammi Suribabu , Maury Julien , Suppo Jean‐Simon , Bertrand Michele P. , Feray Laurence
Published: May 2014

The in situ formed allenylzinc derivatives can be trapped intermolecularly by various electrophiles such as aldehydes, ketones, esters, carbamates, and imides to form bicyclic allenyl alcohols [e.g. (II)], bicyclic conjugated ketones [e.g. (VII)], or tetracyclic alkaloids [e.g. (XIII)].
ChemInform Abstract: Photoredox Transformations with Dimeric Gold Complexes.
Authors: Revol Guillaume , McCallum Terry , Morin Mathieu , Gagosz Fabien , Barriault Louis
Published: May 2014

A light‐enabled reductive radical reaction of various unactivated alkyl and aryl bromides in the presence of a dimeric gold‐phosphine complex as catalyst is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Silver‐Catalyzed Vinylogous Fluorination of Vinyl Diazoacetates.
Authors: Qin Changming , Davies Huw M. L.
Published: May 2014

The method can be extended to preparation of more complex compounds like fluorinated farnesol as well as 6‐β‐fluoro‐steroid derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient and Selective Pd‐Catalyzed Dehalogenation Reaction.
Authors: Xue Fu‐Ling , Qi Ji , Peng Pai , Mo Guang‐Zhen , Wang Zhao‐Yang
Published: May 2014

An efficient, simple, practical and selective Pd‐catalyzed method for the dehalogenation of a variety of 3‐halo‐2(5H)‐furanones (27 examples) using N,N‐diisopropylethylamine as both hydrogen source and base.
ChemInform Abstract: BippyPhos: A Single Ligand with Unprecedented Scope in the Buchwald—Hartwig Amination of (Hetero)aryl Chlorides.
Authors: Crawford Sarah M. , Lavery Christopher B. , Stradiotto Mark
Published: May 2014

In addition cross couplings of arylchlorides and diamines as well as secondary aliphatic amines are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleophilic Attack of α‐Aminoalkyl Radicals on Carbon—Nitrogen Triple Bonds to Construct α‐Amino Nitriles: An Experimental and Computational Study.
Authors: Zhang Chao , Liu Chunmei , Shao Ying , Bao Xiaoguang , Wan Xiaobing
Published: May 2014

In contrast to established C‐H functionalizations of tertiary amines involving α‐aminoalkyl radicals the present method does not require photocatalytic conditions or a transition‐metal catalyst.An α‐aminoalkyl radical and benzoyl cyanide are the key intermediates in this process.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free Aryltrifluoromethylation of Activated Alkenes.
Authors: Kong Wangqing , Casimiro Maria , Fuentes Noelia , Merino Estibaliz , Nevado Cristina
Published: May 2014

Bu4NI is able to activate Togni reagent (II) to generate a highly reactive iodine (III) species, which smoothly reacts with alkenes to form a new C—CF3 bond.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Synthesis of a Trifluoromethyl Copper Reagent from Trifluoromethyl Ketones: Application to Trifluoromethylation.
Authors: Serizawa Hiroki , Aikawa Kohsuke , Mikami Koichi
Published: May 2014

Trifluoromethyl copper (II) is readily prepared from trifluoroacetophenone.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantiospecific, Regioselective Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Secondary Allylic Boronic Esters.
Authors: Chausset‐Boissarie Laetitia , Ghozati Kazem , LaBine Emily , Chen Jack L.‐Y. , Aggarwal Varinder K. , Crudden Cathleen M.
Published: May 2014

The Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐coupling of enantioenriched secondary allylic boronic esters occurs with high γ‐regioselectivity and high retention of chirality, proceeding via γ‐selective transmetalation and subsequent reductive elimination.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct C—C Bond Construction from Arylzinc Reagents and Aryl Halides Without External Catalysts.
Authors: Minami Hiroki , Wang Xuan , Wang Chao , Uchiyama Masanobu
Published: May 2014

Direct cross‐coupling between an aryl iodide and an arylzinc substrate is accomplished without any external catalyst, enabling efficient and selective formation of the corresponding biaryl compound with broad functional group compatibility.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Completely Linear‐Selective Negishi Cross‐Coupling of Allylzinc Halides with Aryl and Vinyl Electrophiles.
Authors: Yang Yang , Mustard Thomas J. L. , Cheong Paul Ha‐Yeon , Buchwald Stephen L.
Published: May 2014

Efficient Negishi cross‐coupling reactions of prenylated and related β,γ‐unsaturated zinc bromides with aryl or hetaryl halides as well as vinyl triflates are developed using a Pd‐precatalyst containing the CPhos ligand.
ChemInform Abstract: Site‐Selective Sonogashira Reactions of 1,4‐Dibromo‐2‐(trifluoromethyl)benzene: Synthesis and Properties of Fluorinated Alkynylbenzenes.
Authors: Reimann Sebastian , Wittler Kai , Schmode Stella , Sharif Muhammad , Fahrenwaldt Thomas , Ludwig Ralf , Spannenberg Anke , Langer Peter
Published: May 2014

Site‐selective Sonogashira reactions of 1,4‐dibromo‐2‐(trifluoromethyl)benzenes is developed to provide practical routes for the synthesis of mono‐ and disubstituted alkynyl(trifluoromethyl)benzenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Tantalum(V) Fluoride‐Catalyzed N‐Alkylation of Arylamines with Benzyl Alcohols.
Authors: Gangaram Sathaiah , Adimulam Chandra Shekhar , Akula Ravi Kumar , Kengiri Raju , Pamulaparthy Shanthan Rao , Madabhushi Sridhar , Banda Narsaiah
Published: May 2014

Tantalum(V) fluoride is found to catalyze the N‐alkylation of arylamines with benzyl alcohols.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd‐Catalyzed Carbonylative α‐Arylation of Aryl Bromides: Scope and Mechanistic Studies.
Authors: Nielsen Dennis U. , Lescot Camille , Goegsig Thomas M. , Lindhardt Anders T. , Skrydstrup Troels
Published: May 2014

The reactions are carried out in a bridged two‐chamber system (COware) which releases stoichiometric amounts of CO‐gas, generated from COgen (I) in chamber B, into the reaction chamber A.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Green Synthesis of α/β‐Amino Acid Functionalized Pyrimidinone Peptidomimetics Using Triazole Ligation Through Click‐Multi‐Component Reactions.
Authors: Balan Biny , Bahulayan D.
Published: May 2014

Dihydropyrimidinone precursors undergo 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition with small peptide like azides, generated from Ugi or alternate Mannich type multicomponent reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Generation and Conjugate Additions of O‐Quinone Methides under Mild Base Conditions: Rapid Synthesis of N‐Substituted Aryl Glycine Derivatives.
Authors: Wang Wei , Zheng Zhong , Wang Xiangmin , Chen Jinchun
Published: May 2014

A mild and one‐step protocol for the synthesis of the title compounds from (ortho‐hydroxymethyl)aryl benzoates is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: A Lewis Acid Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Synthesis of α‐Substituted Amides.
Authors: Beisel Tamara , Manolikakes Georg
Published: May 2014

A new method for the practical and general synthesis of a very broad scope of the title compounds from simple and readily available compounds is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium(II) Complexes of Hybrid 8‐Hydroxyquinoline‐thiosemicarbazone Ligands: Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Applications.
Authors: Nirmala M. , Manikandan R. , Prakash G. , Viswanathamurthi P.
Published: May 2014

A total of nine different hydroxyquinoline‐thiosemicarbazone complexes are prepared revealing similar catalytic activities.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,3‐Carbothiolation of 4‐(Trifluoromethyl)‐p‐quinols: A New Access to Functionalized (Trifluoromethyl)arenes.
Authors: Liu Xiao , Pan Ling , Dong Jinhuan , Xu Xianxiu , Zhang Qian , Liu Qun
Published: May 2014

Treatment of the title substrate (I) with various ketene dithioacetals results in the formation of α‐arylated β‐ketothiolesters, nitriles, and carbonyl compounds via a tandem 1,3‐carbothiolation/aromatization sequence.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Catalytic Sulfoxidation with H2O2 Using Chiral Copper Metal—Organic Framework Crystals.
Authors: Tanaka Koichi , Kubo Kaori , Iida Kazuhiro , Otani Ken‐ichi , Murase Takanori , Yanamoto Daisuke , Shiro Motoo
Published: May 2014

Generally hydrogen peroxide is more effective than the urea/hydrogen peroxide complex.
ChemInform Abstract: KF/Clinoptilolite, An Effective Solid Base in Ullmann Ether Synthesis Catalyzed by CuO Nanoparticles.
Authors: Khalilzadeh Mohammad A. , Keipour Hoda , Hosseini Abolfazl , Zareyee Daryoush
Published: May 2014

The products are obtained in much lower yields when aryl bromides are used.
ChemInform Abstract: Building Block Synthesis of Predominantly (E) Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical 1,2‐Difluorostilbenes from 1,2‐Dibromo‐1,2‐difluoroethene.
Authors: Eddarir Said , Kajjout Mohammed , Rolando Christian
Published: May 2014

A general route for the synthesis of the title compounds via the Suzuki‐Miyaura cross coupling reaction is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: 1‐Azadienes as Regio‐ and Chemoselective Dienophiles in Aminocatalytic Asymmetric Diels—Alder Reaction.
Authors: Ma Chao , Gu Jing , Teng Bin , Zhou Qing‐Qing , Li Rui , Chen Ying‐Chun
Published: May 2014

Azadienes (I) and (VI) act as regio‐ and chemoselective dienophiles in the amine catalyzed asymmetric Diels—Alder reactions with dienal (II).
ChemInform Abstract: A Defunctionalization Concept for the Convenient Synthesis of Bis(5‐arylfuran‐2‐yl)methane Scaffolds.
Authors: Tiwari Praveen Kumar , Mukhopadhyay Tufan , Aidhen Indrapal Singh
Published: May 2014

An interesting formation of bis(5‐arylfuran‐2‐yl)methanes is described involving TFA‐mediated dimerization of enantiopure tartaric acid derived ketones (III) and (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed Cyclizative Cross‐Coupling of ortho‐Alkynylanilines with ortho‐Alkynylbenzamides under Aerobic Conditions
Authors: Yao Bo , Wang Qian , Zhu Jieping
Published: May 2014

leading to the formation of two different heterocycles tethered by a tetrasubstituted double bond
ChemInform Abstract: A One‐Pot Synthesis of Isoindolin‐1‐imine Derivatives
Authors: Pham Khangvan , Zhang Zhongguo , Shen Sida , Ma Lei , Hu Lihong
Published: May 2014

using a novel one‐pot, three‐component condensation reaction strategy
ChemInform Abstract: NBS‐Mediated Sequential One‐Pot Synthesis of Multifunctionalized Thiazoles and Thiophenes from 1,3‐Dicarbonyl Compounds and Mercaptonitrile Salts.
Authors: Luo Laichun , Meng Lanlan , Sun Qi , Ge Zemei , Li Runtao
Published: May 2014

The advantages of the title method include mild reaction conditions, simple operation, broad substrate scope, and short reaction times.
ChemInform Abstract: HClO4‐SiO2 as an Efficient and Reusable Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Synthesis of 1‐Substituted Tetrazoles.
Authors: Bahari Siavash , Rezaei Akbar
Published: May 2014

A green and solvent‐free synthesis of 1‐substituted tetrazoles from primary amines, triethyl orthoformate and sodium azide is described.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐Methylenetetrahydropyrans: Efficient Partners in the Carbonyl Ene Reaction.
Authors: Liang Guohua , Sharum Dakin T. , Lam Troy , Totah Nancy I.
Published: May 2014

In addition, the exemplarily shown enantioselective protocol gives promising results for further optimization.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Spiroaminals and Spiroketals with Bimetallic Relay Catalysis.
Authors: Wang Xianghua , Dong Shuli , Yao Zhili , Feng Lei , Daka Philias , Wang Hong , Xu Zhenghu
Published: May 2014

A new method for the synthesis of spiroaminals [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Niobium Pentachloride Catalyzed One‐Pot Multicomponent Condensation Reaction of β‐Naphthol, Aryl Aldehydes and Cyclic 1,3‐Dicarbonyl Compounds
Authors: Nasseri Mohammad A. , Allahresani Ali , Esmaeili Abbas A.
Published: May 2014

as a new, mild and efficient method for the synthesis of xanthene derivatives (29 examples)
ChemInform Abstract: Addition of Organometallic Reagents to Chiral N‐Methoxylactams: Enantioselective Syntheses of Pyrrolidines and Piperidines.
Authors: Jaekel Mascha , Qu Jianping , Schnitzer Tobias , Helmchen Guenter
Published: May 2014

Application of this method is demonstrated in the total syntheses of two natural alkaloids, i.e.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed N‐ and O‐Arylation of Amides: Alternative Approaches to 3,4‐Dihydroquinolin‐2‐ones, Quinolin‐2‐ones, and 12H‐Chromeno[2,3‐b]quinolin‐12‐ones.
Authors: Zhang Xinying , Guo Xiaojie , Fang Liangliang , Song Yunping , Fan Xuesen
Published: May 2014

Copper‐catalyzed reaction of o‐bromobenzyl bromides with cyanoacetamide results in formation of 3‐cyano‐3,4‐dihydroquinolines of type (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Cyclization of Methyl Perfluoroalk‐2‐ynoates with o‐Aminophenyl Ketones: Access to 2‐Perfluoroalkylated Quinolines.
Authors: Han Jing , Li Li , Shen Yangyong , Chen Jie , Deng Hongmei , Shao Min , Lu Xuesheng , Zhang Hui , Cao Weiguo
Published: May 2014

This novel, one‐pot, two‐step process gives access to a wide range of different functionalized quinoline derivatives under mild reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Route to α‐Carbolines Based on 6π‐Electrocyclization of Indole‐3‐alkenyl Oximes.
Authors: Markey Sophie J. , Lewis William , Moody Christopher J.
Published: May 2014

Olefination of 3‐indolyl aldehydes or ketones provide indole‐3‐alkenyl oximes, which upon microwave heating undergo Boc‐deprotection, 6π‐electrocyclization, and aromatization to form α‐carbolines.
ChemInform Abstract: N,N‐Bond Formation in Intramolecular Cobalt‐Catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] Cyclizations of Alkynyl‐Linked Bisnitriles, and the Preparation of Annulated Pyridazines.
Authors: Snyder John K. , Cai Cuifang , Audet Megan A.
Published: May 2014

Substitution at the propargyl position increases the steric hindrance and inhibits the reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Application of Task Specific Ionic Liquid on the Synthesis of Benzoquinazolinone Derivatives by a Multicomponent Reaction.
Authors: Rahman Matiur , Sarkar Anirban , Ghosh Monoranjan , Majee Adinath , Hajra Alakananda
Published: May 2014

Sulfobutyl substituted ionic liquid (IMS) efficiently catalyzes the Biginelli reaction of α‐tetralone, aldehyde, and urea or thiourea to afford benzoquinazoline derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Boric Acid in Aqueous Micellar Medium: An Effective and Recyclable Catalytic System for the Synthesis of Aryl‐7,8‐dihydro[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3‐a]pyrimidine‐6‐carbonitriles.
Authors: Singh Mandavi , Fatma Shahin , Ankit Preyas , Singh Shyam Babu , Singh Jagdamba
Published: May 2014

Biginelly type reaction of aminotriazole, aromatic aldehyde, and malononitrile under aqueous micellar conditions provides the title compounds in high yields and short reaction times.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization, and Physical Properties of Two Novel Nonaheteroacene Derivatives.
Authors: Li Gang , Gao Junkuo , Hu Fangzhong , Zhang Qichun
Published: May 2014

The title compounds (III) and (V) are synthesized through cyclocondensation of the dione (I) with appropriate o‐phenylenediamines (II) and (IV) (both applied as hydrochlorides).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Functionalized Cyclic Boronates.
Authors: Altenhofer Erich , Harmata Michael
Published: May 2014

The synthesis of a variety of functionalized cyclic boronates with ring sizes from 5‐ to 7‐membered is described using a ring‐closing metathesis reaction as key step.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Polyhydroxylated Carbo‐Bicyclic Compounds from Sugar Allyltins.
Authors: Magdycz Marta , Jarosz Slawomir
Published: May 2014

The functionalized dienoaldehyde (I), generated as previously reported from a D‐glucose allyltin derivative, can be easily converted to the corresponding carbo‐bicyclic polyols, such as compound (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Polyhydroxylated Aza‐Bicyclic Compounds from Sugar Allytins.
Authors: Magdycz Marta , Jarosz Slawomir
Published: May 2014

Polyhydroxy azabicycles such as (VII) are synthesized starting from dienoaldehyde (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Copper(II) Complex‐Catalyzed Reactions of Partially Protected Carbohydrates.
Authors: Allen C. Liana , Miller Scott J.
Published: May 2014

It is demonstrated, that enantiopure copper‐bis(oxazoline) catalysts can control the regioselectivity of coupling electrophiles to partially protected carbohydrates.
ChemInform Abstract: Formation of C‐Glycosides by Ferrier Reaction.
Authors: Wieczorek Eusebius , Thiem Joachim
Published: May 2014

Peracylated glycals, such as (I), are treated with terminal alkynes, e.g. (II), under Lewis acid catalysis to give anomerically pure (E)‐configurated 2‐halo‐hex‐2‐enopyranosides exclusively.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on Difficult Intramolecular Hydroaminations in the Context of Four Syntheses of Alkaloid Natural Products.
Authors: Dion Isabelle , Vincent‐Rocan Jean‐Francois , Zhang Lei , Cebrowski Pamela H. , Lebrun Marie‐Eve , Pfeiffer Jennifer Y. , Bedard Anne‐Catherine , Beauchemin Andre M.
Published: May 2014

It is found that under appropriate conditions commonly difficult intramolecular hydroamination of several internal alkenes yielding 6‐membered N‐heterocyclic ring systems can be performed successfully.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Syntheses of Bacillamide C and Neobacillamide A; Revision of Their Absolute Configurations.
Authors: Martinez Veronica , Davyt Danilo
Published: May 2014

The stereospecific syntheses of compounds (I) from (L)‐(+)‐alanine show that their spectroscopic data and optical activities are consistent with those reported for bacillamide C and neobacillamide A.
ChemInform Abstract: A Concise Total Synthesis of Arizonins B1 and C1.
Authors: Fernandes Rodney A. , Mulay Sandip V. , Chavan Vijay P.
Published: May 2014

The title compounds are obtained via a key building block alkyne which is prepared from D‐glucono‐δ‐lactone and employed in the Doetz benzannulation to construct the naphthalene unit.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of (‐)‐Seimatopolide A.
Authors: Kavitha Nerella , Kumar Vemula Praveen , Reddy Cirandur Suresh , Chandrasekhar Srivari
Published: May 2014

Title compound (I) is synthesized in a linear fashion with high yielding steps and utilizing Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation, Pd‐catalyzed allylic reduction, and Kitas macrolactonization as the key steps.
ChemInform Abstract: Peniciketals A—C, New Spiroketals from Saline Soil Derived Penicillium raistrichii.
Authors: Liu Wei‐Zhong , Ma Li‐Ying , Liu De‐Sheng , Huang Yu‐Ling , Wang Chun‐Hua , Shi Shou‐Sen , Pan Xiao‐Hong , Song Xiao‐Dong , Zhu Rong‐Xiu
Published: May 2014

The title compounds show selective cytotoxic effects on HL‐60 cell lines.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of (‐)‐Oseltamivir and Mechanistic Insights into the Organocatalyzed Michael Reaction.
Authors: Mukaiyama Takasuke , Ishikawa Hayato , Koshino Hiroyuki , Hayashi Yujiro
Published: May 2014

The synthesis of title compound (I) is achieved via the asymmetric Michael reaction of pentanyloxyacetaldehyde with nitroethenylacetamide as the key step in seven steps and 36% overall yield.
ChemInform Abstract: Purification of NaYF4‐Based Upconversion Phosphors.
Authors: Stepuk Alexander , Casola Gioele , Schumacher Christoph M. , Kraemer Karl W. , Stark Wendelin J.
Published: May 2014

A novel technique for transforming cubic α‐NaYF4 phosphors into the hexagonal modification is presented for the removal of O impurities that hinder upconversion luminescence.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrochemistry of Nanoparticles
Authors: Kleijn Steven E. F. , Lai Stanley C. S. , Koper Marc T. M. , Unwin Patrick R.
Published: May 2014

Review: 357 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Rare Earth Fluoride Nano‐/Microstructures. Hydrothermal Synthesis, Luminescent Properties and Applications
Authors: Zhao Qian , Xu Zhenhe , Sun Yaguang
Published: May 2014

Review: 107 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: New Theoretical Investigation on the Electronic Structure and Magnetic Interaction for Both Cubic SrFeO3 and CaFeO3 Oxides: Comparison Between GGA and GGA + U Approaches
Authors: Hamdad N. , Rozale H. , Lakdja A. , Chahed A. , Benhelal O.
Published: May 2014

Review: 68 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Developments in the Biomimetic Chemistry of Cubane‐Type and Higher Nuclearity Iron‐Sulfur Clusters
Authors: Lee Sonny C. , Lo Wayne , Holm R. H.
Published: May 2014

Review: 169 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in Zeolite Science Based on Advance Characterization Techniques
Authors: Mahmoud Eyas , Lobo Raul F.
Published: May 2014

Review: 81 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Development of Intermediate — Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Miyake Michihiro , Matsuda Motohide
Published: May 2014

Review: 9 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Coordination Polymers of Indium, Scandium, and Yttrium
Authors: Petrosyants S. P.
Published: May 2014

Review: 129 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Low Valent Organoaluminum (+I, +II) Species
Authors: Wehmschulte Rudolf J.
Published: May 2014

Review: 139 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Application of W‐Cu‐S‐Based Secondary Building Units in Functional Metal‐Organic Frameworks
Authors: Zhang Ming‐Dao , Zheng He‐Gen , Lu Zhen‐Zhong , Yao Xiao‐Qiang
Published: May 2014

Review: 57 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of MOFs
Authors: Stock Norbert , Reinsch Helge , Schilling Lars‐Hendrik
Published: May 2014

Review: 88 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Glycosylation Methods in Oligosaccharide Synthesis
Authors: Carmona Ana T. , Moreno‐Vargas Antonio J. , Robina Inmaculada
Published: May 2014

Review: 206 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐Catalyzed Cyclization Reactions of Allenol and Alkynol Derivatives
Authors: Alcaide Benito , Almendros Pedro
Published: May 2014

Review: 53 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐Catalyzed Tandem Reactions of Methylenecyclopropanes and Vinylidenecyclopropanes
Authors: Zhang Di‐Han , Tang Xiang‐Ying , Shi Min
Published: May 2014

Review: 56 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Organic Reactions Mediated by Tetrachlorosilane
Authors: Rossi Sergio , Benaglia Maurizio , Genoni Andrea
Published: May 2014

Review: [107 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Methods for Direct Generation of α‐Alkyl‐substituted Aldehydes
Authors: Hodgson David M. , Charlton Andrew
Published: May 2014

Review: [118 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Pharmaceutical Salts and Cocrystals Involving Amino Acids: A Brief Structural Overview of the State‐of‐Art
Authors: Tilborg Anaelle , Norberg Bernadette , Wouters Johan
Published: May 2014

Review: 160 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Partial Hydrogenation of 1,3‐Dienes Catalyzed by Soluble Transition‐Metal Nanoparticles
Authors: Luza Leandro , Gual Aitor , Dupont Jairton
Published: May 2014

Review: [62 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐Alkenyl Furans from a Palladium‐Catalyzed Cyclization and Coupling of Ene‐Yne‐Ketones
Authors: Smith Craig D. , France David J.
Published: May 2014

Review: 15 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Biomimetic Iron‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Epoxidations: Fundamental Concepts, Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Gelalcha Feyissa Gadissa
Published: May 2014

Review: 255 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Twists and Turns Around a Square: The Many Faces of Squaraine Chemistry
Authors: Beverina Luca , Sassi Mauro
Published: May 2014

Review: 105 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: [M3(μ3‐O)(O2CR)6] and Related Trigonal Prisms: Versatile Molecular Building Blocks for Crystal Engineering of Metal—Organic Material Platforms
Authors: Schoedel Alexander , Zaworotko Michael J.
Published: May 2014

Review: 118 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydroxy Functionalization of Non‐Activated C—H and C=C Bonds: New Perspectives for the Synthesis of Alcohols Through Biocatalytic Processes
Authors: Groeger Harald
Published: May 2014

Review: 15 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: New Generation of Biocatalysts for Organic Synthesis
Authors: Nestl Bettina M. , Hammer Stephan C. , Nebel Bernd A. , Hauer Bernhard
Published: May 2014

Review: recent advances in enzyme catalysis for the synthesis of challenging chemicals; 128 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Perspectives on Organic Synthesis Using Nanoporous Metal Skeleton Catalysts
Authors: Yamamoto Yoshinori
Published: May 2014

Review: [36 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclic Peptides as Inhibitors of Amyloid Fibrillation
Authors: Luo Jinghui , Abrahams Jan Pieter
Published: May 2014

Review: 64 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition Metal‐Mediated Direct C—H Arylation of Heteroarenes Involving Aryl Radicals
Authors: Bonin Helene , Sauthier Mathieu , Felpin Francois‐Xavier
Published: May 2014

Review: [96 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition‐Metal‐Free Catalytic Reduction of Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Fontaine Frederic‐Georges , Courtemanche Marc‐Andre , Legare Marc‐Andre
Published: May 2014

Review: [40 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Simple Sulfur—Olefins as New Promising Chiral Ligands for Asymmetric Catalysis
Authors: Li Yi , Xu Ming‐Hua
Published: May 2014

Review: 49 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold Nanoparticle (AuNPs) and Gold Nanopore (AuNPore) Catalysts in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Takale Balaram S. , Bao Ming , Yamamoto Yoshinori
Published: May 2014

Review: 138 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Design and Synthesis of Planar Chiral Ligands and Their Application to Asymmetric Catalysis
Authors: Butt Nicholas A. , Liu Delong , Zhang Wanbin
Published: May 2014

Review: [49 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Role of Heteroaromatic Cycles in the Inter‐ and Intra‐Molecular Dynamics of Excited Aryl Ketones
Authors: Favaro Gianna , Ortica Fausto , Romani Aldo
Published: May 2014

Review: 217 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Preferential Solvation: Dividing Surface Vs Excess Numbers
Authors: Shimizu Seishi , Matubayasi Nobuyuki
Published: May 2014

Review: 46 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Inelastic Neutron Scattering Studies of Methyl Chloride Synthesis over Alumina
Authors: Lennon David , Parker Stewart F.
Published: May 2014

Review: 19 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Antibody—Drug Conjugates: An Emerging Concept in Cancer Therapy
Authors: Chari Ravi V. J. , Miller Michael L. , Widdison Wayne C.
Published: May 2014

Review: 151 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Benzimidazole: An Emerging Scaffold for Analgesic and Antiinflammatory Agents
Authors: Gaba Monika , Singh Sarbjot , Mohan Chander
Published: May 2014

Review: 74 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Phenylthiocarbamate or N‐Carbothiophenyl Group Chemistry in Peptide Synthesis and Bioconjugation
Authors: Melnyk Oleg , Ollivier Nathalie , Besret Soizic , Melnyk Patricia
Published: May 2014

Review: 104 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Valorization of Industrial Waste and By‐Product Streams via Fermentation for the Production of Chemicals and Biopolymers
Authors: Koutinas Apostolis A. , Vlysidis Anestis , Pleissner Daniel , Kopsahelis Nikolaos , Lopez Garcia Isabel , Kookos Ioannis K. , Papanikolaou Seraphim , Kwan Tsz Him , Lin Carol Sze Ki
Published: May 2014

Review: 305 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Ligand Steric Descriptors
Authors: Bilbrey Jenna A. , Allen Wesley D.
Published: May 2014

Review: 56 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical and Physical Models for the Emergence of Biological Homochirality
Authors: Hein Jason E. , Gherase Dragos , Blackmond Donna G.
Published: May 2014

Review: 54 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Solid‐State NMR: A Powerful Tool for Characterization of Metal‐Organic Frameworks
Authors: Sutrisno Andre , Huang Yining
Published: May 2014

Review: 119 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Photodissociation Mass Spectrometry: New Tools for Characterization of Biological Molecules
Authors: Brodbelt Jennifer S.
Published: May 2014

Review: 189 refs.
Nitrogen Uptake and Use Efficiency of Invasive Spartina alterniflora and Native Phragmites australis: Effect of Nitrogen Supply
Authors: Qing Hua , Cai Ying , Xiao Yan , Yao Yihan , An Shuqing
Published: May 2014

Plant roots play a vital role in acquisition of resources, while their potential role in plant successful invasions has been largely overlooked. Spartina alterniflora is an invasive grass that has expanded dramatically on the Chinese coast, outcompeting native plant Phragmites australis and resulting in serious negative consequences for invaded ecosystems. In this study, we evaluated differences between S. alterniflora and P. australis in nitrogen uptake and use efficiency as well as plasticity of nitrogen characteristics and additional morphological traits in response to increased nitrogen supply. We grew two species in monoculture and mixed‐culture pots under two nitrogen levels in a greenhouse environment. After growing for 17 weeks, plants were exposed to 15N‐labeled ammonium chloride for 48 h and harvested to compare the uptake of nitrogen. Invasive S. alterniflora showed significantly higher biomass, root mass ratio, and nitrogen use efficiency but lower 15N uptake rate than native P. australis in both monocultures and mixed‐cultures, regardless of nitrogen levels. Nitrogen supply significantly increased biomass, total 15N uptake, and 15N uptake rate but decreased root mass ratio and nitrogen use efficiency of both species regardless of culture form, with biomass and total 15N uptake of S. alterniflora responding more strongly to nitrogen supply than the corresponding traits of P. australis when the two species were grown in a mixed culture. Our results suggested that the greater root mass ratio and nitrogen use efficiency of S. alterniflora played a greater role than root nitrogen capture capacity in its successful invasion.
Improvement of Oxygen Release from Calcium Peroxide‐polyvinyl Alcohol Beads by Adding Low‐cost Bamboo Biochar and Its Application in Bioremediation
Authors: Wu Chih‐Hung , Chang Shih‐Hsien , Lin Chi‐Wen
Published: May 2014

A limited concentration of dissolved oxygen commonly reduces the effectiveness of groundwater bioremediation. A novel bamboo biochar oxygen‐releasing bead (ORB) was prepared and its application in groundwater bioremediation was evaluated. The results reveal that bamboo biochar effectively adsorbed benzene, toluene, ethylene, and xylene. The Freundlich model described the adsorption behavior (R2 = 0.990) well. The response surface method was used to prepare biochar‐ORBs. Results indicate that the proportions of calcium peroxide, citrate, polyvinyl alcohol, and bamboo biochar for the optimal oxygen‐releasing capacity of biochar‐ORBs were 20:2.22:9.23:31.5 (w/w/w/w). A multiple linear regression equation effectively predicted oxygen releasing capacity (R2 = 0.991). A column experiment indicated that the period of oxygen release from biochar‐ORBs (104 days) was much longer than that from ORBs (51 days). The mechanical strength of biochar‐ORBs (disintegration ratio: 3.4%) exceeded that of ORBs (disintegration ratio: 6.9%). Degraders that contained biochar‐ORBs rapidly removed 99% toluene at a concentration of 45.6 mg L−1. Scanning electron microscopy showed that degraders attached to and grew on biochar‐ORBs following bioremediation. Taken together, the results reveal that biochar‐ORB is a potential oxygen‐releasing material for use in groundwater bioremediation.
A new hybrid algorithm based on optimal fuzzy controller in multimachine power system
Authors: Ghadimi Noradin
Published: May 2014

In this article, a new methodology based on fuzzy proportional‐integral‐derivative (PID) controller is proposed to damp low frequency oscillation in multimachine power system where the parameters of proposed controller are optimized offline automatically by hybrid genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) techniques. This newly proposed method is more efficient because it cope with oscillations and different operating points. In this strategy, the controller is tuned online from the knowledge base and fuzzy interference. In the proposed method, for achieving the desired level of robust performance exact tuning of rule base and membership functions (MF) are very important. The motivation for using the GA and PSO as a hybrid method are to reduce fuzzy effort and take large parametric uncertainties in to account. This newly developed control strategy mixed the advantage of GA and PSO techniques to optimally tune the rule base and MF parameters of fuzzy controller that leads to a flexible controller with simple structure while is easy to implement. The proposed method is tested on three machine nine buses and 16 machine power systems with different operating conditions in present of disturbance and nonlinearity. The effectiveness of proposed controller is compared with robust PSS that tune using PSO and the fuzzy controller which is optimized rule base by GA through figure of demerit and integral of the time multiplied absolute value of the error performance indices. The results evaluation shows that the proposed method achieves good robust performance for a wide range of load change in the presents of disturbance and system nonlinearities and is superior to the other controllers. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 21: 78–93, 2015
Atypical blast morphology of primary plasma cell leukemia with renal involvement and plasmablasts in urine
Authors: Pavlovic Antonia , Ostojic Kolonic Slobodanka , Radic Kristo Delfa , Jelic Puskaric Biljana , Kardum Skelin Ika
Published: May 2014

Primary plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a rare and aggressive variant of plasma cell (PC) myeloma characterized by high levels of circulating PCs. Clinical presentation is like other acute leukemia, with extramedullary infiltration of various tissues and organs being a frequent complication. The disease has a fulminant course and poor prognosis. Morphology of PCs in PCL includes a spectrum of maturity, with most cases having lymphoplasmacytoid or plasmablastic morphology. Presentation as more primitive cells that do not resemble PCs is even rarer and requires additional morphological and immunophenotypic studies. We present a case of 79‐year‐old woman who presented with severe pancytopenia and lobar pneumonia. Laboratory and clinical evaluation revealed primary, nonsecretory PCL with atypical, immature blast morphology, extramedullary renal involvement, and plasmablasts in urine. Despite therapeutic efforts the patient succumbed to the disease. Detection of PCs in the urine indicates extramedullary spread of disease, especially without accompanying hematuria, and may contribute to impairment of renal function, what is already a frequent complication in these patients. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2015;43:158–162. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.