bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
1. Analisis Pengaruh Angin Terhadap Titik Jatuh Roket Balistik 122
Authors: Hartomo Argo Dwi , Sofyan Edi
Published: April 2024

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara kepulauan yang luas. Kondisi ini membuatIndonesia memiliki potensi yang besar untuk mendapatkan serangan dalam bentuk pertahanandan keamanan. Kemandirian dalam bidang teknologi merupakan salah satu upaya yang dilakukanpemerintah dalam upaya menjaga pertahanan dan keamanan negara seperti pengembanganroket. Roket Balistik 122 mm merupakan salah satu jenis roket yang bersifat ground to ground.Sebelum roket diluncurkan dan diproduksi secara besar, terdapat beberapa tahapan pentingyang harus dilakukan. Hasil keluaran simulasi dalam penelitian ini berupa tabel tembak, lintasanroket dari tampak samping dan tampak atas yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan softwareWorking Model 2D dan Matlab Simulink dengan menggunakan kecepatan angin 1m/s hingga25m/s. Data yang didapatkan dari hasil simulasi kemudian akan diolah untuk mendapatkan Tabeltembak, grafik tampak samping, dan tampak atas agar dapat mengetahui kecepatan angin yangtepat saat peluncuran roket.Hasil simulasi tampak samping dan tampak atas dari Working Model 2D dan Matlab Simulinkyaitu semakin tinggi kecepatan angin dari arah depan maka titik jatuh dan ketinggian lintasanroket balistik semakin pendek dan semakin tinggi kecepatan angin dari arah kanan dan kiri makaperpindahan posisi titik jatuh roket akan berpindah jauh ke arah kanan dan kiri.
4. Pengaruh Tingkat Pendidikan, Pengalaman Kedinasan Dan Critical Thinking Terhadap Strategic Thinking Perwira Berpangkat Letnan Kolonel Di Mabes TNI
Authors: Bahari Samsul
Published: April 2024

Hasil terjemahan mbak Google: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap secara komprehensif pengaruh tingkat pendidikan, pengalaman kerja militer, pemikiran kritis terhadap kemampuan berpikir strategis berpangkat letnan kolonel di Mabes TNI. Penelitian ini melibatkan 85 responden terpilih dari total 477 target populasi berpangkat letnan kolonel yang ditugaskan di Mabes TNI. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode analisis jalur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketiga variabel bebas berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kemampuan berpikir strategis. Oleh karena itu, untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir strategis letnan kolonel, tingkat pendidikan, pengalaman kerja militer, dan pemikiran kritis perlu ditingkatkan melalui beberapa saran-saran.
8. Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi Dan Kompetensi Pedagogik Terhadap Kinerja Instruktur Penerbang Lanud Adisutjipto Dalam Penyiapan SDM Operas
Authors: Purwoko Ali , Bastari  , Affan Nurtantio
Published: April 2024

Dalam mencetak penerbang yang handal, TNI AU memiliki organisasi khusus yaitu Wing Pendidikan Terbang di Pangkalan Udara Adi Sutjipto Jogjakarta. Pelaksanaan Pendidikan terhadap calon penerbang hasilnya tergantung pada kinerja para Instruktur Penerbang yang berada di Wing Pendidikan Terbang. Penelitian ini didasarkan pada adanya pengaruh budaya organisasi dan kompetensi pedagogik terhadap kinerja Intruktur Penerbang. Berangkat dari hal tersebut penulis mengambil judul “Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi Dan Kompetensi Pedagogik Terhadap Kinerja Instruktur Penerbang Lanud Adisutjipto Dalam Penyiapan SDM Operasi”. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi teori budaya organisasi, kompetensi pedagogik dan teori kinerja. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan desain analisis regresi berganda. Metode ini dinilai dapat memberikan gambaran pengaruh variabel bebas (budaya organisasi dan kompetensi pedagogik) terhadap variabel terikat (kinerja Instruktur Penerbang). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel budaya organisasi memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja instruktur penerbang, variabel kompetensi pedagogik memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja instruktur penerbang,dan secara bersama sama variabel budaya organisasi dan kompetensi pedagogik berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja instruktur penerbang.
5. PENGAMANAN DATA SISTEM INFORMASI DISINFOLAHTAAU
Authors: Triharto Sugeng , Pratama Ricky , T Dika
Published: April 2024

Memasuki pertumbuhan kemajuan industry 4.0 sebagai fase revolusi teknologi,sistem informasi menjadi suatu hal yang menjadi kebutuhan. Mata dunia telah berubah menjadilebih dekat dan berbagai kemudahan telah terwadahi dengan adanya perkembangan sisteminformasi saat ini. Informasi memegang peranan penting dari setiap aspek kehidupan pribadimaupun organisasi. Oleh karenanya keamanan suatu informasi menjadi skala prioritas dalampembangunan sistem yang ada saat ini.Disinfolahtaau sebagai pembinaan dan penyelenggaraan sistem informasi yang ada di TNI AUsudah seharusnya menjadi sebuah organisasi yang bukan hanya menyediakan aplikasi untukmemudahkan pelaksanaan tugas satuan kerja saja, namun harus menjadi organisasi yangberkemampuan menjamin keamanan data sistem informasi yang dibangun. Mengoptimalkantugas pengamanan data sistem informasi memang bukanlah suatu hal yang mudah. Butuhperencanaan, pedoman, pelatihan serta keseriusan dari setiap unsur yang ada baik personelpelaksana di lapangan hingga pada level pimpinan. Untuk mencapai sasaran dalam pengoptimalantugas Disinfolahtaau guna pengamanan data sistem infomasi dalam rangka mendukungtugas TNI AU, maka dibutuhkan langkah-langkah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan personelyang mengawaki organisasi dengan didukung peralatan infrastruktur yang dipadu denganprosedure pengamanan yang ada menjadi faktor penting yang mutlak diperhitungkan sertadirencanakan sehingga keamanan data sistem informasi lebih terjamin. Mewujudkan keamanandata sistem informasi pada hakekatnya merupakan serangkaian tahapan yang harus ditempuhdengan dukungan dari para pemangku kebijakan untuk merumuskannya. Hal ini dapat dimulaidari peningkatan kemampuan personel, revitalisasi infrastruktur data sistem informasi sertapembuatan prosedur keamanan data hingga organisasi baru yang khusus menangani kejahatancyber hingga penguatan kepemilikan jaringan mandiri untuk mengintegrasikan seluruh sistemyang ada.
2. ANALISIS PENENTUAN ARAH PENEMBAKAN ROKET BALISTIK 122 TERHADAP TITIK JATUH ROKET UNTUK OPERASI PENEMBAKAN
Authors: Maulana Iqbal , Sofyan Edi
Published: April 2024

Roket Balistik 122 merupakan alusista yang dimiliki TNI sebagai alat pertahananyang digunakan untuk melindungi kedaulatan wilayah negara Indonesia dari ancaman negaralain. Dalam hal ini sebuah roket harus mempunyai sudut tembak yang tepat yaitu sudut elevasidan azimuth dan tabel tembak yang digunakan sebagai acuan dalam operasi penembakan roketagar tidak melenceng dari titik jatuh yang ditentukan sehingga tidak mengakibatkan kerusakanpada wilayah yang bukan titik jatuh roket tersebut. Objek penelitian yang digunakan dalampenelitian ini adalah roket pertahanan udara jarak sedang berbarbasis roket balistik 122. Tujuandari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan sudut tembak yang tepat dan optimal serta tabeltembak roket balistik 122 yang diperlukan untuk operasi penembakan. Metode yang digunakandalam penelitian ini menggunakan pemodelan simulasi yang dilakukan pada dua jenis softwareyaitu working model 2D dan MATLAB Simulink. Hasil penelitian dari kedua software tersebutdidapatkan sudut elevasi dan azimuth yang optimal pada working model yaitu Sudut elevasi 40Derajat dengan jarak jangkau 35km dan MATLAB Simulink didapatkan jarak jangkau 22.156km.Kesimpulan yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini bahwa dari kedua hasil simulasi software tersebutmemiliki trend grafik lintasan yang sama namun dengan data hasil yang sedikit berbeda, hal inidisebabkan karena adanya perbedaan dalam pemodelan gaya aerodinamika.
6. ANALISIS RELIABILITY CENTERED MAINTENANCE (RCM) KOMPONEN HYDRAULIC PUMP PN MPEV3-011-8UK2B PESAWAT CN 235 100M/220M/MPA MELALUI PROGRAM PERAWATAN DI SKADRON UDARA 27 PAPUA
Authors: Yoga Bimantara Anrianus , Bhirawa W. Tedja , Mandagie Karel L.
Published: April 2024

In realizing the optimization of the maintenance capability of the CN 235 100M/220M/MPA Air Squadron 27, it is necessary to take steps to overcome the existing problems, namely carryingout preflight checks before carrying out flight crew missions, in this case the crew carries out checks onall aircraft systems and one of them is hydraulic system. Therefore, analytical measures are needed todetermine the reliability of this PN: MPEV3-011-8UK2B hydraulic pump. The theory used in analyzingthis problem is the theory of maintenance, the theory of Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM), thetheory of reliability, the concept of willingness, Component Replacement Interval with Total MinimumDowntime and Paretto Diagram. The results of this study are from the time interval data required tocarry out maintenance or maintenance on the Hydraulic Pump PN component: MPEV3-011-8UK2Bon the CN 235 100M/220M/MPA aircraft is 30 (thirty) days, it has shown that the reliability of thiscomponent is also depending on the flight hours of the aircraft and the operation of the HydraulicSystem that is not excessive. The replacement schedule is carried out by prioritizing components whosereliability values are predicted to experience an extreme decline and have also been diagnosed aseligible to be replaced. The condition of the Hydraulic Pump Components on the CN 235 100M/220M/MPA Aircraft which has been influenced by several factors that cause an extreme decrease in reliabilityvalues, the appropriate method used is component replacement.
7. PENGARUH KEMAMPUAN INTELEKTUAL DAN KEMAMPUAN FISIK TERHADAP SELF-EFFICACY DAN KINERJA
Authors: Suwito
Published: April 2024

Hakikatnya seluruh kemampuan seseorang tersusun dari dua perangkat yaknikemampuan intelektual dan kemampuan fisik. Untuk mengukur efikasi diri dan kinerja seseorangseharus berdasarkan kemampuan intelektual dan kemampuan fisik secara bersama-sama. Namunhal ini masih jarang dilakukan, dikarena membutuhkan keterlibatan orang banyak dan biayayang tidak sedikit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji pengaruh kemampuan intelektual dankemampuan fisik terhadap self-efficacy dan kinerja serta pengaruh self-efficacy terhadap kinerja.Penelitian menggunakan 229 responden dari populasi para karbol atau taruna AAU. Pengujianpengaruh langsung level individu mengunakan teknik regresi linier. Pengujian hipotesis dalampenelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan rumus kolerasi Rank Spearman, dimana analisiskorelasi ini untuk menguji kekuatan dan arah hubungan antara variabel dengan Program StatisticalProduct and Service Solution (SPSS) 21. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuanintelektual dan kemampuan fisik mempunyai pengaruh secara positif terhadap efikasi diri dankinerja. Demikian juga terdapat pengaruh secara positif efikasi diri terhadap kinerja. Selanjutnya,untuk meningkatkan kinerja seseorang dibutuhkan pula peningkatan kemampuan intelektual,kemampuan fisik, dan self-efficacy.
1. SELIMUTANTIPELURUPERLINDUNGANDIRI(PRESIDEN)KAJIANAPLIKATIF MATERIALTAHANBALISTIK
Authors: Silalahi NHM. , Linus Y  , Wawan  , Arief N. Pratomo  , AH. Fauzi  , M. Ferry Fadri  , Seto Bayu Aji L
Published: April 2024

Material anti peluru merupakan salah satu keperluan utama dalam bidangpertahanan. Sampai saat ini, Indonesia masih minim akan kemandirian produksi material antipeluru, dan kebutuhan material anti peluru di Indonesia masih di impor dari negara lain. Padapenelitian ini penulis merancang material komposit dengan menggunakan serat rami (Bohmeria Nivea)dan karet ban bakar/compound rubber. Serat rami dipilih karena memiliki nilai kekuatan tarik yangbesar, yakni berkisar antara 400-1586 MPa. Serat rami yang digunakan dalampenelitian inimerupakan hasil anyaman yang selanjutnya akan disatukan dengan matriks karet banbakar/compound rubber, sehingga sifat material yang tahan peluru dapat didapat. Penulismengaplikasikan material ini untuk membuat tirai pengamanan yang digunakan oleh presidenatau orang orang penting, untuk dapat melindungi dari tembakan peluru dan senjata tajam.
3. SATUAN REKONSTRUKSI DINAS KONSTRUKSI ANGKATAN UDARA DALAM MELAKSANAKAN OPERASI REKONSTRUKSI PANGKALAN UDARA
Authors: Efendi Aprizal Zulham , Medi Rachman  , Tikno Riyanto
Published: April 2024

Satrekons Diskonsau merupakan satu-satunya satuan zeni di TNI AngkatanUdara yang memiliki tugas pokok dan fungsi sebagai satuan yang melaksanakan pemeliharaanpangkalan TNI Angkatan Udara. Oleh karena itu untuk dapat melaksanakan tugas dan tanggungjawabnya tersebut maka Satrekons Diskonsau perlu melaksanakan strategi-strategi, baik strategidalam pelaksanaan operasi rekonstruksi pangkalan udara ataupun strategi untuk meningkatkankemampuannya. Atas dasar tersebut maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan danmenganalisis strategi Satuan Rekonstruksi Dinas Konstruksi Angkatan Udara dalammelaksanakan Operasi Rekonstruksi Pangkalan Udara. Metode yang digunakan dalampenelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Teknik analisis data yangdigunakan adalah teknik analisis data interaktif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan denganwawancara mendalam, observasi, serta studi kepustakaan dan studi dokumentasi. Teknikkeabsahan data yang digunakan adalah triangulasi sumber. Saran dari penelitian ini adalahDiskonsau dapat memprioritaskan untuk melengkapi Satrekons sehingga Satrekons dapatdijadikan sebagai satuan model untuk pembangunan dan pengembangan satuan zeni TNI AUselanjutnya, meningkatkan kemampuan personel Satrekons khususnya dalam melaksanakanORPU, melaksanakan sinergitas dengan Skadik 304 Wingdiktek, dan Binprof.
6. ANALISIS KOMPOSIT BERPENGUAT SERAT SINTETIS DAN RESIN EPOXY UNTUK POPOR SENJATA M-16 MENGGUNAKAN SOFTWARE SOLIDWORKS & MSC PATRAN/NASTRAN
Authors: Henry William  , M. Abdul Ghofur  , D. Aminto Syahid
Published: April 2024

Senjata M-16 yang biasa digunakan para Taruna AAU untuk berlatih seringkalimengalami kerusakan di bagian popornya yaitu berupa retak ataupun pecah. Tujuandari penelitian ini adalah melaksanakan analisis untuk mengkaji kekuatan Popor SenjataM16 dengan berbagai jenis variasi material komposit dengan serat sintetis berupa seratFiberglass, Kevlar dan Karbon serta untuk mengidentifikasi Komposit manakah yangmemiliki sifat mekanik paling optimal sebagai material penyusunnya. Analisis dilakukanuntuk membandingkan kekuatan (strength) dan berat struktur Popor Senjata M16 denganbahan komposit Fiberglass Epoxy, Karbon Epoxy, dan Kevlar Epoxy dengan uji impakmenggunakan aplikasi MSC Patran/Nastran. Hasil Analisis uji impak menggunakan MSCPatran/Nastran pada Popor Senjata M-16 bermaterial fiberglasss, karbon, dan kevlardidapatkan bahwa tingkatan berdasarkan nilai perpindahan (displacement) uji Tekan dariyang rendah ke yang tinggi yaitu material yang pertama adalah karbon, yang kedua adalahfiberglass dan yang terakhir adalah kevlar.
Unidades especializadas em Doença Renal Crônica do Rio de Janeiro – um retrato dos serviços formadores de nefrologistas
Authors: Campos Tatiane da Silva , Gomes Andréia Patrícia
Published: April 2024

Introdução: As unidades especializadas em Doença Renal Crônica são de extrema importância, uma vez que são capazes de evitar que pessoas com lesão renal cheguem precocemente à realização de Terapia Renal Substitutiva. Objetivo: descrever a estruturação de serviços e relacionar os achados com eventuais questões éticas que podem influenciar a assistência ofertada. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal descritivo que apresenta a estruturação de 4 serviços de formação de especialistas em Nefrologia, localizados no Rio de Janeiro. Foram realizadas entrevistas com os coordenadores médicos de serviço, entre março e agosto de 2022, que descreveram brevemente a dinâmica de acompanhamento de pacientes, quais profissionais compõem a equipe, dias da semana que ocorrem atendimentos, número de atendimentos por ambulatório e se há entrada de novos usuários através do sistema de regulação. Os dados estão apresentados através de estatística descritiva simples. Foram também realizadas entrevistas com 63 profissionais atuantes nos ambulatórios e, desses, emergiram falas que também mostram a organização do serviço, sendo essas analisadas pela técnica de Bardin. Resultados: Identificamos uma desproporção no número de profissionais, sendo a maioria médicos, e nenhum dos serviços possui equipe completa conforme recomendado pelas legislações. Conseguimos apontar algumas fragilidades que observamos na prática durante a oferta de assistência, sendo essa uma realidade comum e frequente aos serviços. Conclusão: É urgente e necessário que o incentivo a essa oferta de atendimento seja revista pelo SUS, que o financiamento seja melhorado e, principalmente, que a equipe multiprofissional seja valorizada e vislumbrada como necessária.
Implicancias de la inteligencia artificial en los métodos de imagen endovascular
Authors: Garmendia Cristian , Gonzalo Nieves , Blanco Pablo J. , García García Héctor M.
Published: April 2024

La angioplastia transluminal coronaria (ATC) es una de las principales estrategias de revascularización en pacientes con enfermedad coronaria aterosclerótica (ECA). Numerosos estudios respaldan la optimización de la ATC mediante métodos de imagen endovascular; sin embargo, estos métodos son subutilizados en la práctica clínica contemporánea y enfrentan desafíos en la interpretación de los datos obtenidos, por lo que la integración de la inteligencia artificial (IA) se vislumbra como una solución atractiva para promover y simplificar su uso. La IA se define como un programa computarizado que imita la capacidad del cerebro humano para recopilar y procesar datos. El aprendizaje de máquinas es una subdisciplina de la IA que implica la creación de algoritmos capaces de analizar grandes conjuntos de datos sin suposiciones previas, mientras que el aprendizaje profundo se centra en la construcción y entrenamiento de redes neuronales artificiales profundas y complejas. Así, se ha demostrado que la incorporación de sistemas de IA a los métodos de imagen endovascular incrementa la precisión de la ATC, disminuye el tiempo del procedimiento y la variabilidad interobservador en la interpretación de los datos obtenidos, promueve así una mayor adopción y facilita su utilización. El propósito de la presente revisión es destacar cómo los sistemas actuales basados en IA pueden desempeñar un papel fundamental en la interpretación de los datos generados por los métodos de imagen endovascular, lo que conduce a una mejora en la optimización de la ATC en pacientes con ECA.
Insight into the Role of Optical Coherence Tomography in Acute Coronary Syndrome following Scrub Typhus: A Case Report
Authors: Subbaraju Prasanna , Munisingh Abilasha , Ponnanganti Vasundhara , Aravind CS
Published: April 2024

Scrub typhus, an illness stemming from the Orientia tsutsugamushi bacterium within the Rickettsiaceae family, is recognised for its febrile nature and frequently linked to vasculitis-induced complications. The challenges faced in the management of scrub typhus complicated by Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS) is presented in this case report. Of particular significance, this report introduces a novel approach of employing Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) to identify the underlying pathology, which guided us in making the treatment decision-a novel application of OCT in infectious disease management yet to be documented in the existing medical literature. In present case, OCT was used and the lesion was characterised to be vasculitic and not atherosclerotic, thereby changing the entire treatment course, benefiting the patient. This innovative utilisation of OCT throws light over vasculitic pathology of present case and emphasises the need for intracoronary imaging in the management of this rare complication of a fairly common tropical disease.
Anti-inflammatory Effect of the Hydroethanolic Extract from Dacryodes kukachkana Leaves in Mice: Role of Macrophage Nitric Oxide
Authors: Peixoto Anny Beatriz Silveira , Holanda Bianca Feitosa , Queiroz Cléo Vanessa Gomes de , Lopes Roberta de Freitas , Araujo Diego Freitas de , Frota Lucas Soares , Barbosa Sara Ingrid Caetano Gomes , Morais Selene Maia de , Cunha Renildo Moura da , Assreuy Ana Maria Sampaio
Published: April 2024

Aims: This study aimed to characterize and evaluate the effect of the hydroethanolic extract from D. kukachkana leaves (HEDkL) in mice models of acute inflammation and in isolated macrophages stimulated with carrageenan, along with possible adverse effects in the central nervous system.
Study Design: After characterization of phenolic constituents, HEDkL was injected in the animals 60 min before the administration of inflammatory stimulis. The anti-inflammatory effect of HEDkL was evaluated in the models of paw edema, peritonitis and air pouch and in peritoneal macrophages stimulated with carrageenan in vitro. The per se effect of HEDkL was evaluated for behavioral alterations.
Place and Duration of Study: Higher Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Animal Health Research Center, State University of Ceara; Physiopharmacology Laboratory, Federal University of Acre; between March 2021 and March 2023.
Methodology: The characterization of phenolic compounds was performed by HPLC-DAD.
Swiss mice (25 - 35 g) received HEDkL (25 - 200 mg/kg; per oral) 60 min before carrageenan. Macrophages were incubated with HEDkL (100 - 200 µg/mL) before being stimulated.  The anti-inflammatory effect was assessed for edema, hypernociception, vascular permeability, leukocyte infiltrate, oxidative stress and inflammatory. Behavioral alterations (exploratory, anxiolytic, depressant activities) were evaluated in the animals treated with HEDkL (50 mg/kg).
Results: The HPLC-DAD revealed the presence of ellagic acid, epicatechin and gallic acid. In the paw edema model, HEDkL (50 mg/kg) inhibited the edema late phase (2 - 5h) by 45% and the activity of the enzyme myeloperoxidase by 48%. In the peritonitis model, HEDkL (50 mg/kg) reduced leukocyte migration (45%), hypernociception (73%), total proteins (20%) and NO2-/NO3- (23%). In the air pouch model, HEDkL (50 mg/kg) reduced the migration of total leukocytes (76%) and neutrophils (88%). In vitro HEDkL (200 µg/mL) reduced by 31% the NO2-/NO3- in the supernatant of macrophages. HEDkL did not alter the animals exploratory, anxiolytic, or depressant behaviors.
Conclusion: HEDkL containing flavonoids and phenols presents anti-inflammatory effect in vivo and in vitro involving nitric oxide inhibition, being devoid of behavioral alterations.
Level of Education, Marital Longevity and Religion as Determinants of Marital Stability among Couples in Tamale Metropolis, Ghana
Authors: N-yelbi John , Acquah Sakina , Dzakadzie Yayra , Eshun Peter
Published: April 2024

The study was a descriptive survey aimed at investigating couples’ level of education, marital longevity and religion as determinants of marital stability among couples in the Tamale Metropolis. The population of the study were married couples drawn from the Metropolis who have been married for 1-25 years and could read and understand. A sample of 381married couples aged between 30 to 50 years were drawn from the region using stratified random sampling. A questionnaire was use to gather data for the study. Quantitative data was analysed by using one-way ANOVA. Hypothesis one revealed a statistically significant differences in marital stability of couples based on their level of education. Hypothesis two revealed a statistically significant differences in the length of marriage and marital stability of couples. For hypothesis 3, it was revealed that there is a statistically significant differences in marital stability among couples based on their religion. It was concluded that married couples’ levels of education, how long they have been married and couples’ religion were key determinants of marital stability among couples. It is therefore recommended that couples intending to marry should have some level of education to be effectively resolve conflicts during marriage. Also, couples should be educated on the need to stay longer in marriage despites conflicts and misunderstandings and adherence to religious practices, values and teachings on marriage should be adhered to.
Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis using Acid-Fast Bacilli (AFB) Test among Subjects in Rivers State of Nigeria
Authors: Nwalozie Rhoda , Nnokam Brenda Anyakwe , Kareem Jubril Adeyinka , Obi-Thomas Jane Nkechi
Published: April 2024

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), is a significant public health concern in Nigeria, with varying prevalence across different regions. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of MTB infection and its association with socio-demographic variables in Rivers State, Nigeria. The study involved 392 participants from three local government areas (LGAs): Eleme, Obio/Akpor, and PHALGA. The Acid Fast Bacilli test was used to detect MTB in sputum samples. Socio-demographic data, including age, sex, marital status, education, and occupation, were collected using a structured questionnaire. A stratified random sampling method was employed.  Statistical analysis involved descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The overall prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection was 0.8%. Analysis of socio-demographic variables revealed no significant associations with infection rates, as indicated by non-significant p-values of (p=0.266), (p=0.832), (p=0.730), (p=0.673), (p=0.925) for age, sex, education, occupation, and marital status respectively. The study challenges traditional assumptions about demographic vulnerability. This research provides critical insights into the epidemiology of TB in Rivers State. The low prevalence suggests improved healthcare access and awareness. However, larger, more representative studies with advanced diagnostic methods are recommended for a comprehensive understanding and targeted interventions for TB control in Rivers State.
Pilot Study; Estimating Sample Size for the Prevalence of Pre-Clinical Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction Using Two American College of Echocardiography Guidelines in a Semi-Urban Nigerian Population
Authors: Udora Nneka Clara , Ajulufo Ifeyinwa Jennifer , Ossai Edmund Ndudi , Ejim Emmanuel Chukwudi
Published: April 2024

Aim: To estimate the sample size for the prevalence of pre-clinical left ventricular diastolic dysfunction using two American college of echocardiography guidelines in a semi-urban Nigerian population.
Study Design: Cross sectional, population based.
Place and Duration of Study: Neni, Anambra State, Nigeria on the 18th and 19th December 2023.
Methodology: Fifty subjects with age range of 18—70 years were consecutively recruited after a community awareness creation. Subjects gave informed oral and/or written consent before proceeding for an interviewer administered questioning of their biodata and clinical history. Anthropometric measurements were obtained followed by clinical examination and electrocardiography. Echocardiography was done using the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) guideline with the left ventricular diastolic function assessed using the 2009 and 2016 guidelines.
Results: Mean age of participants was 54.3±14.0 years consisting of 15 males and 35 females. The prevalence of pre-clinical left ventricular diastolic dysfunction was 16% and 14% using the ASE 2009 and 2016 guidelines respectively.
Conclusion: Prevalence enabling accurate sample size calculation for the main study was obtained. Modifications were made to the research proposal based on lessons learnt.
Investigation of the Status of Music Teaching in Middle School under the Background of "Art into the Middle School Entrance Examination" in Dejiang County, China
Authors: Xueya Zhang , Yingxuan Lv , Ting Wang , Dingzi Xie
Published: April 2024

Aesthetic education is an indispensable part of all-round quality education. Art education belongs to the category of aesthetic education and is an important content and way to implement aesthetic education. Music education is a form of education with music art as the medium and aesthetics as the core. In October, 2020, the general offices of the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council issued the Opinions on Comprehensively Strengthening and Improving Aesthetic Education in Schools in the New Era, which put forward the requirement of bringing art subjects into the pilot reform of senior high school entrance examination. The implementation of the new policy of "art entering the senior high school entrance examination" is a brand-new challenge to junior high school music teaching. In order to better implement the policy of "art entering the senior high school entrance examination", it is necessary to understand the current situation of junior high school music teaching. In this study, 241 junior high school students in four middle schools in Dejiang County, Guizhou Province were investigated from three aspects: their attitude towards music, the basic reasons for liking music and the mastery of basic music skills, and then the data were statistically analyzed by Excel and SPSS software. Based on the analysis results of the previous part, combined with the requirements of "Art Entrance Examination", this paper puts forward that we should pay more attention to music courses, enrich the content of music courses and strengthen the teaching of basic music knowledge.
Synthesis and characterization of chiral polyacrylates and their applications as positive tone photoresists
Authors: Hung Hsien‐Jung , Yang Po‐Chih , Liu Jui‐Hsiang
Published: June 2008

To estimate the effects of diastereomeric copolymers as photoresists, diastereomeric copolymers containing chiral and racemic bornyl methacrylates (BMAs) were synthesized. Both alicyclic BMAs were synthesized from (−)‐borneol and (±)‐borneol, and then copolymerized with t‐butyl methacrylate (t‐BMA), tetrahydro‐pyranyl methacrylate (THPMA), and α‐methacryloxy‐γ‐butyrolactone (MABL). The glass transition temperature of the copolymers was found to increase with an increase in the content of alicyclic bornyl groups in the copolymers. To investigate the effect of both the alicyclic butyrolactone and the bornyl groups on photosensitivity, thermal property, and etching resistance, the synthesized alicyclic copolymers were used to prepare photoresists with photoacid generators. The sensitivity and the contrast of the photoresists were calculated. This investigation demonstrated that the existence of alicyclic butyrolactone and bornyl groups increases the etching resistance of photoresists. It was also found that high stereo hindered bornyl structures disturb and restrict the mobility of the polymer chain, leading to an increase in the thermal stability of the polymers. A real pattern recording of photoresists with PR3 composition was performed; an optimal sensitivity of 20 mJ/cm2 and resolution of 1 μm of positive tone photoresists with 1 μm thickness was achieved. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Preparation and characterization of molecular photoresists: Crosslinkable positive and water developable negative tones
Authors: Liao Yin‐Yin , Liu Jui‐Hsiang
Published: June 2008

The development of a water‐developable negative photoresist from β‐CD using an acid‐catalyzed chemical amplification method is investigated here. Tertiary butoxyl protected β‐cyclodextrin (t‐BOC‐CD) is also synthesized and used to prepare a positive photoresist. Glutaraldehyde is added as a crosslinking agent for both positive and negative photoresists. Deprotection of t‐BOC‐CD is accelerated by a photo‐induced acid. In the presence of glutaraldehyde and acid, both the deprotected t‐BOC‐CD and β‐cyclodextrin are crosslinked. The introduction of a t‐butoxyl group into the β‐CD molecule and the addition of glutaraldehyde into the β‐CD molecules are both found to decrease the crystallinity of the molecules, improving the resist film properties. The etching resistance of both positive and negative photoresist films is improved by the crosslinking method. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Study on structure and properties of SSBR/SiO2 co‐coagulated rubber and SSBR filled with nanosilica composites
Authors: Liu Xiao , Zhao Suhe
Published: June 2008

The morphological structure, glass transition, mechanical properties, and dynamic mechanical properties of star‐shaped solution‐polymerized styrene‐butadiene rubber (SSBR) synthesized by a multifunctional organic lithium initiator and SiO2‐SSBR composite (N‐SSBR) prepared through adding a small amount of nanosilica modified by silane coupling agent to star‐shaped SSBR synthetic solution and co‐coagulating, and their nanocomposites filled with 20 phr nanosilica were investigated, respectively. The results showed that the silica particles were well dispersed with nanosize in N‐SSBR, which glass‐transition temperature (Tg) was 2°C higher than SSBR. N‐SSBR/SiO2 nanocomposite exhibited lower Payne effect and internal friction loss, higher mechanical properties, and its Tg was 2°C higher than SSBR/SiO2 nanocomposite. N‐SSBR might promote the dispersion of nanosilica powder in matrix and could be applied to green tire tread materials. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
Effects of oxygen on mouse embryonic stem cell growth, phenotype retention, and cellular energetics
Authors: Powers Daryl E. , Millman Jeffrey R. , Huang Ryan B. , Colton Clark K.
Published: June 2008

Most embryonic stem (ES) cell research is performed with a gas phase oxygen partial pressure (pO2) of 142 mmHg, whereas embryonic cells in early development are exposed to pO2 values of 0–30 mmHg. To understand effects of these differences, we studied murine ES (mES) growth, maintenance of stem cell phenotype, and cell energetics over a pO2 range of 0–285 mmHg, in the presence or absence of differentiation‐suppressing leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF). With LIF, growth rate was sensitive to pO2 but constant with time, and expression of self‐renewal transcription factors decreased at extremes of pO2. Subtle morphological changes suggested some early differentiation, but cells retained the ability to differentiate into derivatives of all three germ layers at low pO2. Without LIF, growth rate decreased with time, and self‐renewal transcription factor mRNA decreased further. Gross morphological changes occurred, and overt differentiation occurred at all pO2. These findings suggested that hypoxia in the presence of LIF promoted limited early differentiation. ES cells survived oxygen starvation with negligible cell death by increasing anaerobic metabolism within 48 h of anoxic exposure. Decreasing pO2 to 36 mmHg or lower decreased oxygen consumption rate and increased lactate production rate. The fraction of ATP generated aerobically was 60% at or above 142 mmHg and decreased to 0% under anoxia, but the total ATP production rate remained nearly constant at all pO2. In conclusion, undifferentiated ES cells adapt their energy metabolism to proliferate at all pO2 between 0 and 285 mmHg. Oxygen has minimal effects on undifferentiated cell growth and phenotype, but may exert more substantial effects under differentiating conditions. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;101: 241–254. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Yield, solubility and conformational quality of soluble proteins are not simultaneously favored in recombinant Escherichia coli
Authors: Martínez‐Alonso Mónica , García‐Fruitós Elena , Villaverde Antonio
Published: June 2008

Many enzymes or fluorescent proteins produced in Escherichia coli are enzymatically active or fluorescent respectively when deposited as inclusion bodies. The occurrence of insoluble but functional protein species with native‐like secondary structure indicates that solubility and conformational quality of recombinant proteins are not coincident parameters, and suggests that both properties can be engineered independently. We have here proven this principle by producing elevated yields of a highly fluorescent but insoluble green fluorescent protein (GFP) in a DnaK− background, and further enhancing its solubility through adjusting the growth temperature and GFP gene expression rate. The success of such a two‐step approach confirms the independent control of solubility and conformational quality, advocates for new routes towards high quality protein production and intriguingly, proves that high protein yields dramatically compromise the conformational quality of soluble versions. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;101: 1353–1358. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The neuronal organization of a unique cerebellar specialization: The valvula cerebelli of a mormyrid fish
Authors: Shi Zhigang , Zhang Yueping , Meek Johannes , Qiao Jiantian , Han Victor Z.
Published: June 2008

The distal valvula cerebelli is the most prominent part of the mormyrid cerebellum. It is organized in ridges of ganglionic and molecular layers, oriented perpendicular to the granular layer. We have combined intracellular recording and labeling techniques to reveal the cellular morphology of the valvula ridges in slice preparations. We have also locally ejected tracer in slices and in intact animals to examine its input fibers. The palisade dendrites and fine axon arbors of Purkinje cells are oriented in the horizontal plane of the ridge. The dendrites of basal efferent cells and large central cells are confined to the molecular layer but are not planar. Basal efferent cell axons are thick and join the basal bundle leaving the cerebellum. Large central cell axons are also thick, and they traverse long distances in the transverse plane, with local collaterals in the ganglionic layer. Vertical cells and small central cells also have thick axons with local collaterals. The dendrites of Golgi cells are confined to the molecular layer, but their axon arbors are either confined to the granular layer or proliferate in both the granular and ganglionic layers. Dendrites of deep stellate cells are distributed in the molecular layer, with fine axon arbors in the ganglionic layer. Granule cell axons enter the molecular layer as parallel fibers without bifurcating. Climbing fibers run in the horizontal plane and terminate exclusively in the ganglionic layer. Our results confirm and extend previous studies and suggest a new concept of the circuitry of the mormyrid valvula cerebelli. J. Comp. Neurol. 509:449–473, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Murine intestinal cells expressing Trpm5 are mostly brush cells and express markers of neuronal and inflammatory cells
Authors: Bezençon C. , Fürholz A. , Raymond F. , Mansourian R. , Métairon S. , Le Coutre J. , Damak S.
Published: June 2008

To determine the role in chemosensation of intestinal solitary cells that express taste receptors and Trpm5, we carried out a microarray study of the transcriptome of FACS‐sorted transgenic mouse intestinal cells expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) under the control of the Trpm5 promoter and compared it with that of intestinal cells that do not express eGFP. The findings of the study are: 1) Morphology and expression of markers show that most eGFP+ cells are brush cells. 2) The majority of proteins known to be involved in taste signal transduction are expressed in the eGFP+ cells, although the isoforms are not always the same. 3) eGFP+ cells express pre‐ and postsynaptic markers and nerves are often found in close proximity. 4) Several genes that play a role in inflammation are expressed specifically in eGFP+ cells. Furthermore, these cells express the entire biosynthesis pathway of leucotriene C4, an eicosanoid involved in modulation of intestinal smooth muscle contraction. 5) Angiotensinogen, renin, and succinate receptor genes are expressed in the eGFP+ cells, suggesting a role in the regulation of water and sodium transport, vasomotricity, and blood pressure. These data suggest that the Trpm5‐expressing cells integrate many signals, including chemical signals from ingested food, and that they may regulate several physiological functions of the gastrointestinal tract. J. Comp. Neurol. 509:514–525, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Grid computing of spatial statistics: using the TeraGrid forG(d) analysis
Authors: Wang Shaowen , Cowles Mary Kathryn , Armstrong Marc P.
Published: June 2008

The massive quantities of geographic information that are collected by modern sensing technologies are difficult to use and understand without data reduction methods that summarize distributions and report salient trends. Statistical analyses, therefore, are increasingly being used to analyze large geographic data sets over a broad spectrum of spatial and temporal scales. Computational Grids coordinate the use of distributed computational resources to form a large virtual supercomputer that can be applied to solve computationally intensive problems in science, engineering, and commerce. This paper presents a solution to computing a spatial statistic,G(d) using Grids. Our approach is based on a quadtree‐based domain decomposition that uses task‐scheduling algorithms based on GridShell and Condor. Computational experiments carried out on the TeraGrid were designed to evaluate the performance of solution processes. The Grid‐based approach to computing values forG(d) shows improved performance over the sequential algorithm while also solving larger problem sizes. The solution demonstrated not only advances knowledge about the application of the Grid in spatial statistics applications but also provides insights into the design of Grid middleware for other computationally intensive applications. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Grid‐enabled problem‐solving environment for advanced reservoir uncertainty analysis
Authors: Lei Zhou , Allen Gabrielle , Chakraborty Promita , Huang Dayong , Lewis John , Li Xin , White Christopher D.
Published: June 2008

Uncertainty analysis is critical for conducting reservoir performance prediction. However, it is challenging because it relies on (1) massive modeling‐related, geographically distributed, terabyte, or even petabyte scale data sets (geoscience and engineering data), (2) needs to rapidly perform hundreds or thousands of flow simulations, being identical runs with different models calculating the impacts of various uncertainty factors, (3) an integrated, secure, and easy‐to‐use problem‐solving toolkit to assist uncertainty analysis. We leverage Grid computing technologies to address these challenges. We design and implement an integrated problem‐solving environmentResGridto effectively improve reservoir uncertainty analysis. The ResGrid consists of data management, execution management, and a Grid portal. Data Grid tools, such as metadata, replica, and transfer services, are used to meet massive size and geographically distributed characteristics of data sets. Workflow, task farming, and resource allocation are used to support large‐scale computation. A Grid portal integrates the data management and the computation solution into a unified easy‐to‐use interface, enabling reservoir engineers to specify uncertainty factors of interest and perform large‐scale reservoir studies through a web browser. The ResGrid has been used in petroleum engineering. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Compositional approach applied to loop specialization
Authors: Djoudi L. , Acquaviva J.‐T. , Barthou D.
Published: June 2008

An optimizing compiler cannot generate one best code pattern for all input data. There is no ‘one optimization fits all’ inputs. To attain high performance for a large range of inputs, it is therefore desirable to resort to some kind of specialization. Data specialization significantly improves the performance delivered by the compiler‐generated codes. Specialization is, however, limited by code expansion and introduces a time overhead for the selection of the appropriate version. We propose a new method to specialize the code at the assembly level for loop structures. Our specialization scheme focuses on different ranges of loop trip count and combines all these versions into a code that switches smoothly from one to the other while the iteration count increases. Hence, the resulting code achieves the same level of performance than each version on its specific iteration interval. We illustrate the benefit of our method on the SPEC benchmarks with detailed experimental results. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A novel reduction approach to analyzing QoS of workflow processes
Authors: Xia Yunni , Zhu Qingsheng , Huang Yu , Wang Zizhen
Published: June 2008

Quality of service (QoS) of workflows and workflow‐based applications is given increasing attention by both industry and academic. In this paper, we propose a novel analytical framework to analyze QoS (metrics include make‐span, cost, and reliability) of workflow systems based on GWF‐net, which extends traditional workflow net by associating tasks with generally distributed firing delay and time‐to‐failure. The GFW‐net model is used to model process structure and task organization of workflows at the process level. In contrast with prevailing QoS models based on Markovian process, we introduce a reduction technique to evaluate QoS of GWF‐net process avoiding the state‐explosion problem and tedious mathematical derivation of state‐transition probabilities. Through a case study, we show that our framework is capable of modeling real‐world workflow‐based application effectively. Also, experiments and confidence‐interval analysis in the case study indicate that the reduction methods are verified by real results. We also compare our approach with related research in the text. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Cochrane Library and Procedural Pain in Children: An Overview of Reviews
Authors: Buscemi Nina , Vandermeer Ben , Curtis Sarah
Published: June 2008

Background

Procedural pain in children is highly prevalent, is a major source of pain, stress and anxiety for children and can have negative long‐lasting effects. Research into effective pain prevention strategies is voluminous and complex, presenting challenges for clinically relevant synthesis.

Objective

To summarize Cochrane reviews assessing the effects of various interventions for pain in children undergoing painful medical procedures.

Methods

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews was systematically searched for reviews on interventions for pain in children undergoing painful medical procedures. The type of data to be extracted was determined a priori, and data extraction was carried out by one author.

Main Results

Four systematic reviews were included in the overview. Two reviews assessed the effects of interventions on neonates, and two reviews assessed the effects of interventions on older children. Overall, the quality of the reviews was good.

Authors' Conclusions

Many convenient, safe and efficacious modalities for alleviation of paediatric procedural pain exist. Use of sucrose, breastfeeding or breast milk is effective and should always be offered for heel lance pain in neonates. These modalities are likely efficacious for other short painful procedures and may also be useful for older infants. Topical anaesthesia reduces needle pain. Amethocaine was found to be more effective with quicker onset of effect than EMLA, although new topical anaesthetics warrant attention. Behavioural therapies such as distraction are effective, inexpensive and can be used in conjunction with pharmacological analgesics without onerous resource use. Pain research is complex, and achieving consensus on the best methodological approaches will make imminent advances in this field more readily attainable.