bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Формирование политики модернизации имперских окраин России в конце XIX в.: предложения и проекты А.С. Ермолова
Authors: Zubkov Konstantin I. , Poberezhnikov Igor V. , Shumkin Georgy N.
Published: December 2020

В статье дается краткий анализ предложений и проектов, разработанных в 1894–1895 гг. министром земледелия и государственных имуществ А.С. Ермоловым по развитию Кавказа, Средней Азии, Урала и Сибири. Цель работы – определить, в какой степени и в каких аспектах общий тренд модернизации экономики страны влиял на политику заселения и освоения этих имперских окраин, т.е. подчинял их логике «фронтирной» модернизации. Рассмотренные материалы разнообразны по содержанию. На Кавказе основное внимание уделялось проблеме переселения, в Туркестане – хозяйственному освоению, в Сибири сочетались оба направления колонизационной политики. Но в предложениях А.С. Ермолова прослеживаются общие подходы. Это, во-первых, преодоление хозяйственной замкнутости регионов и открытие их посредством прокладки транспортных коммуникаций; во-вторых, сочетание переселенческой колонизации с интенсификацией и специализацией хозяйства, переход к более рациональным методам освоения природных ресурсов; в-третьих, подготовка и организация переселенческого процесса, оптимизация землепользования в части урегулирования отношений переселенцев с местным населением; в-четвертых, переход к индустриализации окраин. Особняком в ряду регионов стоял Урал, который, благодаря длительной традиции развития горнозаводской промышленности, к концу XIX в. утрачивал фронтирную специфику, переходя в разряд среднеразвитых промышленных регионов. На Урале на первое место выходили задачи структурной политики, направленные на адаптацию региона к рынку.
Горец на русской службе в годы Кавказской войны (1801–1864 гг.): посредник, маргинал, предатель
Authors: Urushadze Amiran T.
Published: December 2020

В статье рассматриваются особенности жизни и служебной деятельности горцев Кавказа на российской службе в годы Кавказской войны (1801–1864 гг.). При этом в статье исследуются служебные траектории не только крупных исторических личностей, но и судьбы менее известных фигур. Именно на их примере можно увидеть закрепляемые империей функциональные роли, наличие или отсутствие ментальных границ, восприятие имперской службы местными сообществами. Целью исследования является историко-антропологический анализ службы горцев в российских военно-политических институтах на основе источников личного происхождения и материалов делопроизводства. Исследование позволило предположить, что для горцев на русской службе приоритетным являлся мотив повышения собственного статуса внутри локального сообщества, а не продвижение по общеимперской лестнице чинов и званий. Горцы зачастую рассчитывали с помощью империи поднять собственный политический и/или моральный престиж среди соотечественников. В случае если служба империи не приводила к повышению «общинного» статуса или наоборот подрывала и отягощала репутацию горца, то он начинал сомневаться в правильности своего выбора. Такой подход позволяет описать и объяснить частые случаи смены политической идентичности, «неожиданных» измен и побегов горцев с российской службы, которыми наполнена история Кавказской войны.
Strategi Komunikasi Pembangunan Pemerintah Kabupaten Bojonegoro dalam Menerapkan Nawacita dan Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan
Authors: Ramadhani Rizky Wulan , Prihantoro Edy -
Published: December 2020

Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan (TPB) atau Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) adalah agenda yang dideklarasikan dalam majelis umum Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (UN) pada tahun 2015 dan harus diraih bersama pada 2030. Nawacita adalah sembilan program yang diajukan Jokowi-JK selama periode 2014-2019. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi-strategi komunikasi pembangunan yang dipakai Pemerintah Kabupaten Bojonegoro dalam mengkomunikasikan Nawacita dan SDGs. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi kualitatif dengan metode wawancara dan dokumentasi. Key informant dalam penelitian ini adalah Kang Yoto, Bupati Bojonegoro periode 2008-2018 dan dokumentasi dari berbagai sumber. Hasil penelitian ini adalah Pemkab Bojonegoro menggunakan strategi yang didasarkan pada media yang dipakai, strategi desain instruksional, strategi pemasaran, dan strategi partisipatori. Strategi yang dipakai efektif untuk mengajak masyarakat Bojonegoro sekaligus memberi informasi bagi publik. Pemerintah daerah yang lain bisa menerapkan strategi yang sama dengan mempertimbangakan kondisi masyarakatnya.
The Media Ecology of Public Television based on Local Information Programs in South Kalimantan
Authors: A Atika
Published: December 2020

Televisi Republik Indonesia Kalimantan Selatan (TVRI Kalsel) is a local public television station in South Kalimantan which expected to have sufficient supporting resources so that it can meet the information needs of local people. This study analyzes media ecology on TVRI Kalsel, specifically in local content-based programs. The objective of this research is to determine the category of  TVRI Kalsel's niche breadth based on local content programs. Quantitative approach is used, where the data is analyzed using Niche Theory. Data was collected through interviews and program observation. The data is then analyzed using instrument sheet containing the program’s title and categories of information. The results showed that TVRI Kalsel as the only Public Broadcasting Institution in Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, was included in the generalist category with 3.56 score. The score showed that TVRI Kalsel had quite a lot of supporting resources from information broadcast programs with local content. There were eight programs broadcasting information with local content. Those eight programs broadcast information were in form of straight news, features, features documentaries, and talk shows.
Effects of Unilateral Versus Bilateral Plyometric Training on Endurance Running Performance
Authors: Greenwood Ian , Kay Anthony , Baross Anthony
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of an 11-week unilateral versus bilateral plyometric training intervention on maximal isometric voluntary (MVC) knee extensor torque, countermovement jump height (CMJ), running economy (RE) and 3-km time trial (TT) performance. Twenty-seven recreationally trained endurance runners (12 females and 15 males) were randomly assigned to one of three groups: unilateral plyometric training (UPT; n = 9), bilateral plyometric training (BPT; n = 9) and control (CON; n = 9). RE, VO2max, 3-km treadmill TT, isometric MVC (bilateral and unilateral) and CMJ (bilateral and unilateral) were measured prior to and after 11 weeks of training (UPT and BPT; volume equated, 20-40 minutes, 2-3 days/week). Separate two-way repeated measures ANOVAs were used to assess within and between group differences in RE, VO2max, 3-km TT, maximal isometric knee extensor torque and CMJ. Following 11 weeks of plyometric training there were significant improvements in RE (UPT 5.6%; BPT 4.9%, p < 0.01) and 3-km TT performance (UPT 2.4%; BPT 2.5%, p < 0.01) in addition to CMJ (UPT 12.5%; BPT 14.5%, p < 0.01) and maximal isometric knee extensor torque in the unilateral group (14.0%, p < 0.01). No significant differences in VO2max or anthropometric measures were detected (p > 0.05). No statistically significant differences between training interventions (p > 0.05) were detected in any measure. These data demonstrate that UPT and BPT result in similar improvements in RE and 3-km TT run performance in recreational distance runners.
Doing Recovery Work Together: Clients’ and Counsellors’ Social, Discursive, and Institutional Practices
Authors: Mudry Tanya E. , Strong Tom , Doyle Emily M. , Sapacz Mackenzie
Published: December 2020

In this conceptual paper, we offer an alternative to traditional approaches to addictive behaviours and addictions counselling. We outline practice theory and tenets of an institutional ethnographic approach used to inquire into tacit or invisible practices of addictive behaviours, the work of recovery from them, and how counselling may (or may not) be helpful. We provide a conceptual alternative to working with clients who present for counselling with addiction concerns, using case examples as in invitation to practitioners to extend their work in new ways.
Reasons Why Not: A Critical Review of the Television Series 13 Reasons Why
Authors: Cruikshank Emily C. , Sevigny Phillip R.
Published: December 2020

Since its initial release as a Netflix television series in 2017, 13 Reasons Why has caught the attention of professionals and viewers alike because of its gripping storylines and controversial content. The show’s explicit nature has prompted mental health professionals to draw the public’s attention to the possibility of suicide contagion, especially among adolescent viewers. This paper is a comprehensive review of the show, a review of the current research on its epidemiological impact on the public, and a guide for mental health professionals and the general public on how to respond to the current information that we know about the show and its possible effects on viewers.
Student Advocacy in Canadian Counselling Psychology Programs: 2018 CCPC Working Group Outcomes
Authors: Landine Jeff , Van Vliet K. Jessica , Hobbs Chelsea , Chan Kent Alysha
Published: December 2020

The second Canadian Counselling Psychology Conference, held in Calgary in October 2018, provided an opportunity for conference attendees to participate in one of seven working groups that met over the course of 2 days. Members of one group were tasked with delving into the topic of student advocacy in Canadian counselling psychology. Student advocacy was defined as students speaking up for themselves about what they need in their various graduate programs and educational experiences across Canada. The resulting discussion identified the following broad areas of need and potential program improvement: (a) practicum process and opportunities, (b) preparation for the “real world,” (c) partnerships between university programs and professional communities, (d) increased student funding, and (e) clarity and consistency in program requirements and professional credentialing. Members of the working group developed detailed recommendations and plans of action for each of these areas. This paper reviews the relevant literature on the above topics and expands upon the group’s recommendations for addressing the needs of counselling psychology students in Canada.
Advocating for Ourselves, Advocating for Our Communities: Canadian Counselling Psychology Into the Next Decade and Beyond
Authors: Bedi Robinder P. , Domene José F. , Kassan Anusha , Wada Kaori
Published: December 2020

This special issue of Canadian Journal of Counselling and Psychotherapy is an outgrowth of the landmark 2018 Canadian Counselling Psychology Conference called “Advocating for Ourselves, Advocating for Our Communities: Canadian Counselling Psychology Into the Next Decade and Beyond.” This conference centred on seven working groups: the future of counselling psychology education and training in Canada, foregrounding clinical practice and clinical supervision within the field of Canadian counselling psychology, student advocacy in Canadian counselling psychology, responding to the TRC in Canadian counselling psychology, internationalization of counselling psychology, the role of Canadian counselling psychology in advocating for the needs of members of under-represented groups, and the responsibility of Canadian counselling psychology to reach systems, organizations, and policy-makers. This introduction highlights the seven articles included in this special issue, each of which summarizes the discussion included within one working group and elaborates upon topics that emerged within each working group discussion. We expect that, after reading the articles contained within this special issue, readers will be able to experience some of the intellectual stimulation and inspiration felt by many who attended the working groups in person. We also hope that this collection of articles will inspire those who did not attend the conference to advocate for and to help increase the presence and the influence of Canadian counselling psychology locally, provincially, nationally, and globally as it seeks to promote the best interests of the various communities it serves.
Clinical Practice and Clinical Supervision: Building a Firm Foundation
Authors: Chang Jeff , Mudry Tanya E. , Hiseler Lara
Published: December 2020

In this paper, the authors report on the “Foregrounding Clinical Practice and Clinical Supervision” working group of the Canadian Counselling Psychology Conference held on October 26 to 28, 2018, at the University of Calgary. Of the 12 working group participants, nine self-identified as students and three identified as licensed practitioners (two of the practitioners also held academic positions). This group of mostly early-career professionals identified an overarching theme of building a firm foundation for their future practice. Working group members identified three important contributors: the development of a strong, multi-faceted professional identity, including issues of licensure and certification, the interplay between counselling and clinical psychology, and the place of career psychology; the importance of clinical supervision, including the perceived variable quality of supervision and the apparent shortage of practicum placements; and professional role models. The authors provide their perspectives on the issue the working group raised and offer recommendations for counsellor educators and practice leaders.
The Future of Counselling Psychology Education and Training in Canada: A Post-Conference Reflection
Authors: Wada Kaori , Kassan Anusha , Domene José F. , Bedi Robinder , Kintzel Franziska , West Alyssa
Published: December 2020

This article summarizes and elaborates upon the themes discussed by members of the “Future of Counselling Psychology Education and Training in Canada” working group at the 2018 Canadian Counselling Psychology Conference (2018 CCPC) by 19 participants in attendance. Complexities in program requirements, external and internal program regulations, research competency and advancement, and cultural/social justice responsiveness and internationalization are explicated and analyzed. The current state of counselling psychology education and training is highly intricate and nuanced, while many strengths and opportunities for growth exist despite some long-standing tensions. It is hoped that this article not only will help outline and contextualize the current status and challenges facing the future of counselling psychology education and training in Canada but also will recruit others in helping to improve Canadian counselling psychology education and training. Advocating for what is needed to achieve this is consistent with the theme of the 2018 CCPC. Continued dialogue, program evaluation, theorizing, and research are needed on the nature and dynamics of Canadian counselling psychology education and training.
Impacto de los procesos de acreditación: “caso faciatec-comeaa”
Authors: Ortega Rodríguez Anabel , Piñón Miramontes Miguel A. , García Muñoz Silvia A. , Leyva Chávez Arwell N. , Villalobos Pérez Elizabeth , Anchondo Aguilar Addy
Published: December 2020

El estudio se condujo en Chihuahua, Chihuahua. Se diseñó un cuestionario para analizar los impactos más destacables que han tenido los procesos de acreditación en el área agropecuaria, específicamente en  la  Facultad  de  Ciencias  Agrotecnológicas,  obtenido  desde  la  percepción  de  las  personas  que lideraron o participaron en los procesos de autoevaluación y acreditación (el personal docente) aportando un grado de validez. La población de estudio fue de 10 docentes de tiempo completo y de hora clase que pertenecen a las carreras de Licenciatura en Administración Agrotecnológica, Ingeniero en Producción y Comercialización Hortícola e Ingeniero en Desarrollo Territorial.
Importancia económica y biológica de la alfalfa en el centro de Chihuahua
Authors: Alvarado Ríos Sandra , Guerrero Morales Sergio , Anchondo Nájera José Álvaro , Rivas Lucero Bertha Alicia , Palacios Monarrez Abdón
Published: December 2020

El cultivo de alfalfa en la región centro sur del estado de Chihuahua, es el de mayor superficie sembrada (35, 865.50 ha.) y representa una fuente de ingresos para familias enteras. La región es de las principales abastecedoras de alfalfa de los estados de Coahuila y Durango. El presente estudio se realizó con los objetivos de: Describir la distribución del ingreso entre productores e intermediarios por venta de alfalfa. Analizar el significado hídrico de la exportación de alfalfa a otras regiones. Determinar la importancia del cultivo de alfalfa en el control biológico de plagas en el nogal. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a productores, intermediarios de alfalfa, e investigadores. La información obtenida, se analizó estadísticamente con los programas de Excel y SAS. El precio de venta de alfalfa, al consumidor final oscila de entre $ 2.5 y $ 4.00 por kg de alfalfa henificada. La producción total de alfalfa en el 2015 fue de 609 713.66 toneladas en base a peso seco. El 51% de la producción se exporto a otros estados, que equivalen a 219 496 921 m3 de agua exportada. La venta del 51% de alfalfa a otros estados genera un ingreso a la región de $971, 731,200.00 (con un 20% de ganancia del intermediario) a $1 195, 976,923.00 (con un 35% de ganancia del intermediario). Se encontró que la alfalfa es un hábitat muy importante de insectos que regulan a insectos plagas en el cultivo de nogal.
EDUCATION PROBLEMS IN IRAQ 2005-2018
Authors: MAWLA Saba Hussein
Published: December 2020

e research found that education, in order to regain its status, must take into account a set of variables, including: modernizing educational systems in terms of increasing teacher sufficiency, improving curricula and teaching methods, paying attention to the education infrastructure, and leaving the scope of education by indoctrination to education by training, and when Iraq reaches the level of comprehensive enrollment in The education system will have achieved its obligations in the field of human rights, and it will also have achieved the goals set by the international community under the policy of "Education for All". The future of Iraq is the future of its children related to providing a safe and healthy environment for learning, character building, free critical thinking, armament with knowledge and willingness to assume responsibility, work, respect the law, cooperation and solidarity with others. Keywords: Education, Student, Teacher.
APPLICATION AND SIMULATION OF ROUTE OPTIMIZATION IN MOBILE IP
Authors: N GEETHANJALI. , G BRINDHA. , MOL.A DEENU , M SINDHU.
Published: December 2020

Mobile Internet Protocol has been proposed by Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) to support portable IP addresses for mobile devices that often change their network access points to the Internet. In the basic mobile IP protocol, datagrams sent from wired or wireless hosts and destined for the mobile host that is away from home, have to be routed through the home agent. Nevertheless, datagrams sent from mobile hosts to wired hosts can be routed directly. This asymmetric routing, called “triangle routing,” is often far from optimal and “route optimization” has been proposed to address this problem. In this paper, we present the deep description and implementation of “route optimization”, Authentication extension to mobile IP in the ns-2 simulator. We illustrate simulations of the mobile IP with route optimization with simulation scenarios, parameters, and simulations results.
DYNAMIC JOB SCHEDULING IN GRID COMPUTING
Authors: KETAN JANI KUNTESH , SHAH ARPITA
Published: December 2020

Grid computing is growing rapidly in the distributed heterogeneous systems for utilizing and sharing large-scale resources to solve complex scientific problems. Scheduling is the most recent topic used to achieve high performance in grid environments. It aims to find a suitable allocation of resources for each job. A typical problem which arises during this task is the decision of scheduling. It is about an effective utilization of processor to minimize tardiness time of a job, when it is being scheduled. Scheduling jobs to resources in grid computing is complicated due to the distributed and heterogeneous nature of the resources. The efficient scheduling of independent jobs in a heterogeneous computing environment is an important problem in domains such as grid computing. In general, finding optimal schedule for such an environment using the traditional sequential method is an NP-hard problem whereas heuristic approaches will provide near optimal solutions for complex problems. The Ant colony algorithm, which is one of the heuristic algorithms, suits well for the grid scheduling environment using stigmeric communication.
REVIEW PAPER ON OPTIMAL LOCATION OF SHUNT FACTS DEVICES BY EVOLUTIONARY PROGRAMMING BASED ON OPTIMAL POWER FLOW IN POWER SYSTEM.
Authors: DEKATE PRANALI H.
Published: December 2020

The modern power system is operating closed to its voltage and thermal instability limits. The present transmission network was not originally planned for heavy power trading in the market. The time is to maximize the utilization of existing transmission lines and to manage the congestion. FACTS (Flexible AC transmission system) devices are having capability of improving power transmission, improving voltage profile, minimizing power losses, etc. This paper presents a review on how FACTS devices are used to provide the maximum relief to the congested line by computation techniques. The proposed paper uses sensitivity index to locate FACTS devices optimally. These computation techniques are used solve the OPF (Optimal Power Flow) problems on various IEEE buses.
MODELING OF BRAIN, MIND USING COMPUTER SIMULATION
Authors: GORE VAISHALI
Published: December 2020

Metaphysics of human brain is so complex that it baffles all scientific and mathematical models. We cannot define consciousness. Each thought corresponds to information. Each information is brought to the brain when our sensory system is activated. Brain collects information applying sensory system, intellect must process them and memory must store them. Brain behaves like an operator B : X Y where Y,the output information may or may not be same as X,it is time dependent.In this paper phenomena of brain have been studied through modeling and Computer simulations.. Simulations is used to describe and analyze the behavior of a brain.
HIERARCHICAL CLUSTERING APPROACH WITH HYBRID GENETIC ALGORITHM FOR COMBINATORIAL OPTIMIZATION PROBLEMS
Authors: MEHTA M. H. , KAPADIA V. V.
Published: December 2020

Engineering field has inherently many combinatorial optimization problems which are hard to solve in some definite interval of time especially when input size is big. Although traditional algorithms yield most optimal answers, they need large amount of time to solve the problems. A new branch of algorithms known as evolutionary algorithms solve these problems in less time. Such algorithms have landed themselves for solving combinatorial optimization problems independently, but alone they have not proved efficient. However, these algorithms can be joined with each other and new hybrid algorithms can be designed and further analyzed. In this paper, hierarchical clustering technique is merged with IAMB-GA with Catfish-PSO algorithm, which is a hybrid genetic algorithm. Clustering is done for reducing problem into sub problems and effectively solving it. Results taken with different cluster sizes and compared with hybrid algorithm clearly show that hierarchical clustering with hybrid GA is more effective in obtaining optimal answers than hybrid GA alone.
MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF INFORMATION AND A NEW APPROACH OF CODING IN IT
Authors: PARHI S. K. , DAS L.
Published: December 2020

In this paper we are discussed about logical sentence coding for distinct messages by binary alphabets {0, 1}.The information model contains alphabets, words, sentences and messages are available in the practical purpose. The information and its relation discussed for clarification.
EVALUATION OF THE SUSPENDING PROPERTIES OF A NEW PLANT GUM IN SULPHAMETOXAZOLE FORMULATIONS
Authors: AYORINDE John Oluwasogo , ODENIYI Michael Ayodele
Published: December 2020

Suspension dosage forms require the use of suspending agents in order to deliver a uniform dose of the active ingredient. The purpose of this study is to investigate the properties of a new plant gum as a cheap and effective natural polymer in the
formulation of pharmaceutical suspensions. The gum obtained from the incised trunk of Cedrela odorata (family Meliaceae) was compared with hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and gelatin in Sulphamethoxazole suspension formulations at concentrations of 1.0 –
4.0%w/w. Assessment parameters were sedimentation volume, flow rate, viscosity and the effect of temperature on these parameters. The suspending characteristics of Cedrela gum compared well with that of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose in term of sedimentation
volume, flow rate and viscosity and the natural gum could be used as a substitute in pharmaceutical suspensions.
Pengaruh Return on Asset dan Earning per Share terhadap Harga Saham pada PT. Indofood Sukses Makmur, Tbk Periode Tahun 2010-2019
Authors: Hadistia Ananda
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Return On Asset dan Earning Per Share terhadap harga saham pada PT. Indofood Sukses Makmur, Tbk. Metode yang digunakan adalah explanatory research. Teknik analisis menggunakan analisis statistik dengan pengujian regresi, korelasi, determinasi dan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian ini Return On Asset tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Harga saham sebesar 1,0%, uji hipotesis diperoleh t hitung < t tabel atau (-0,087 < 2,306). Earning Per Share berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Harga saham sebesar 81,9%, uji  hipotesis diperoleh t hitung > t tabel atau (6,023 > 2,306). Return On Asset dan Earning Per Share secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Harga saham diperoleh persamaan regresi Y = 114,488 + -18,058X1 + 16,393X2 dan nilai determinasi sebesar 84,6%, uji hipotesis diperoleh nilai F hitung > F tabel atau (19,177 > 4,350).
Pengaruh Earning Per Share dan Return On Asset terhadap Harga Saham pada PT. Sepatu Bata Indonesia Tbk.
Authors: Lukito Cristine Prestarika , Setiawan Priski
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Earning per share dan Return on Asset Terhadap Harga saham pada PT. Sepatu Bata Indonesia Tbk. Metode yang digunakan adalah explanatory research. Teknik analisis menggunakan analisis statistik dengan pengujian regresi, korelasi, determinasi dan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian ini Earning per share tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Harga saham sebesar 3,5%, uji hipotesis diperoleh t hitung < t tabel atau (-0,134 < 2,447). Return on Asset berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Harga saham sebesar 58,0%, uji  hipotesis diperoleh t hitung > t tabel atau (2,876 > 2,447). Earning per share dan Return on Asset secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Harga saham diperoleh persamaan regresi Y = 442,106 + -7,197X1 + 51,683X2 dan nilai determinasi sebesar 83,2%, uji hipotesis diperoleh nilai F hitung > F tabel atau (12,367 > 5,410).
Pengaruh Current Ratio dan Debt To Equity Ratio terhadap Dividen Payout Ratio pada PT. Mandom Indonesia Tbk di Cibitung
Authors: Kharisma Indri
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Current Ratio dan Debt to Equity Ratio Terhadap Dividen Payout Ratio Pada PT. Mandom Indonesia Tbk di Cibitung. Metode yang digunakan adalah explanatory research. Teknik analisis menggunakan analisis statistik dengan pengujian regresi, korelasi, determinasi dan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian ini Current Ratio tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Dividen Payout Ratio sebesar 2,64%, uji hipotesis diperoleh t hitung < t tabel atau (1,696 < 2,306). Debt to Equity Ratio berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap Dividen Payout Ratio sebesar 44,7%, uji  hipotesis diperoleh t hitung < t tabel atau (-2,554 < 2,306). Current Ratio dan Debt to Equity Ratio secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Dividen Payout Ratio diperoleh persamaan regresi Y = 41,675 + 0,051X1 - - 1,335X2 dan nilai determinasi sebesar 62,4%, uji hipotesis diperoleh nilai F hitung > F tabel atau (5,281 > 4,350).
Demographic features of homicide and suicide victims in Trinidad and Tobago 2013-2016
Authors: Francois Danielle , Hutchinson Gerard
Published: December 2020

Objectives:
Violence and self-injury have emerged as major social, public and mental health concerns. Health and social services are challenged by the increased use and demand for resources. This study sought to determine the factors attributable to these problem behaviours in Trinidad and Tobago, in order that adaptive strategies can be developed to address these problems.

Methods:
After obtaining relevant approvals, data were collected retrospectively on homicide and suicide victims from 2013 through 2016 from the Registrar General’s Department and the Forensic Science Centre. Data were analysed to determine the demographic characteristics and other factors associated with suicides and homicides.

Results:
Male gender was significantly predominant for both suicides and homicides; males in middle adulthood age-range (34-42) years were at the highest risk. Both behaviours increased in prevalence over the study period, although homicide showed a much more marked increase. The mean age for homicide was 34 years, while for suicide it was 41 years. A greater and significant number of individuals of African descent were involved in homicide and a greater number of East Indians were dying by suicide. The ratio is approximately 3:1 for both causes of death.

Conclusions:
Suicide and homicides have increased over a period of four years in Trinidad & Tobago. There is a need for the establishment of a registry in order to record the occurrences of self-harm and externally directed violence accurately and comprehensively. A better understanding of these behaviours can result in better prevention and intervention methods.
Glycaemic Control in Critically Ill Adult Patients: Is intensive insulin therapy beneficial?
Authors: Seuradge Crystal , Chen Deryk , Hariharan Seetharaman
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVES

Glycaemic control with intensive insulin therapy and its impact on patient outcomes have always been contentious in an intensive care setting. This study aims to assess the patterns of glycaemic control in critically ill patients at a tertiary care institution in Trinidad and its relationship to outcomes.

METHODS

All adult patients admitted to a multidisciplinary intensive care unit (ICU) for a period of two years were enrolled for a retrospective chart review. Data collected included demographics, admission blood glucose, mean morning blood glucose (MBG), the trend of glucose control, number of hypoglycaemic episodes, admission Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II, ICU and hospital length of stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, anaemia, renal replacement therapy and hospital outcome.

RESULTS

A total of 104 patients were studied. Four different patterns of insulin therapy were practised at the ICU. The median age of patients was 55.5 years, the mean SAPS II was 49.3, the mean predicted mortality was 45.5% and the overall observed mortality was 38.5%. The majority of admissions had cardiovascular illnesses (25%), followed by sepsis (20.2%). Patients with multiple hypoglycaemic episodes had an increased mortality (p<0.01). Patients had a better outcome with a higher MBG (>100 mg/dL) (p<0.05). There was a significant difference in mortality among the four patterns of glycaemic control (p<0.001). Admission blood glucose, length of time of mechanical ventilation, ICU length of stay and renal replacement therapy were not found to be associated with adverse outcomes.

CONCLUSION

Intensive insulin therapy (IIT) may not benefit ICU patients but can be probably associated with higher mortality. Avoidance of hypoglycaemia as well as persistent hyperglycaemia may lead to a better outcome in critically ill patients.
Acute Coronary Syndrome And Cannabis: Consideration When Decriminalizing And Legalizing
Authors: Bidaisee Sateesh
Published: December 2020

The use of recreational cannabis has been rapidly increasing in the United States of America and it is heavily accelerated by recent decriminalization and legalization movements. It has been gaining greater popularity among adolescents and young adults due to the perception of low health risk of cannabis and improved accessibility. Consequently, there has been increasing number of cases being reported for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) related to recreational cannabis use in people who are otherwise healthy and do not have any cardiac history. The pathophysiology of cannabis-induced ACS is rather poorly understood, yet there is general agreement among physicians that cannabis-induced diffuse transient coronary vasospasm and sympathomimetic properties of cannabis are the underlying mechanism of cardiac manifestations. The purpose of this review is to discuss the relationship between ACS and recreational cannabis use and to raise an issue that its potential severe health outcomes pose a public health concern, which should warrant strengthening the regulations related to recreational cannabis use.
Prevalence Of Dental Anxiety Among University Students And Affect On Dental Attendance
Authors: Reid Dominique , Kerr Kemisha , Carty Xavier , D’Ornellas Jeffrey , Gervais Brittney , Joseph Dia , Maharaj Keshava , Soomai Sudesh , Teixeira Amy-Leigh , Naidu Rahul
Published: December 2020

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of dental anxiety in an adult Caribbean population and explore its relationship to socio-demographic factors and dental attendance.

Methods: An anonymous self-administered questionnaire was distributed to students attending The University of The West Indies, in Trinidad. The questionnaire included demographic items, self-rated oral health and dental attendance and the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS). This self-reported instrument has five questions about anxiety to dental treatment rated on a 5- point scale (1=not anxious to 5=extremely anxious).

Results: 197 university students participated in the study. 51.3% were male. 76% were 18-24 years-old. Overall, 62.4% of participants reported a low level of dental anxiety (MDAS 5-14), 22.3% moderate dental anxiety (MDAS 15-18) and 15.2% severe dental anxiety (MDAS 19+). Over a quarter of participants reported that they would be extremely anxious if they were to have a tooth drilled or about to have a local anaesthetic injection (27.4% and 26.9% respectively). Higher mean anxiety scores were reported by female participants those who had difficulty finding dental care or had avoided going to the dentist due to fear of treatment (t-test p<0.05) and those with lower self-rated oral health (ANOVA p<0.05),

Conclusions: Among this sample of university students, the majority of participants reported low levels of dental anxiety. Higher dental anxiety levels were associated with gender, difficulty finding dental care, avoiding dental visits due to fear and lower self-rated oral health.
The Impact of Public Health Interventions on The First and Second Waves of COVID-19 in Trinidad And Tobago – A Simple Epidemic Model
Authors: De Freitas Loren , Wang Han-I
Published: December 2020

Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in more than 35 million confirmed cases worldwide. Currently, there is no specific treatment for the disease or available vaccine to reduce the spread of COVID-19. As such, countries rely on a range of public health interventions to assist in halting the spread of transmission. Caribbean countries have also adopted many public health interventions. In this paper, we use mathematical modelling to demonstrate the impact of public health interventions on the progression of COVID-19 in order to provide timely decision support. Methods A cohort Markov model, based on the concept of the SEIR model, was built to reflect the characteristics of the COVID-19 virus. Five possible public health interventions in the first wave and a projection of current second wave were simulated using the constructed model. Results The model results indicate that the strictest combined interventions of complete border closure and lockdown were the most effective with the number of deaths less than ten in the first wave. For the current second wave, it will take around 30 days for the pandemic to pass its peak after implementing the wearing of face masks policy. Conclusions This paper shows the impact of common public health interventions on the COVID-19 pandemic, using Trinidad and Tobago as an example. Such impacts may be useful in reducing delays in decision-making and improving compliance by populations. However, given the limitations associated with mathematical models, decision-making should be guided by economic assessments, infectious disease and public health expertise.
Falling Through Dance and Life
Authors: Claid Emilyn
Published: December 2020

This is a book about falling as a means of reconfiguring our relationship with living and dying. Dancer, choreographer, educator and therapist, Emilyn Claid, draws inspiration from her personal and professional experiences to explore alternative approaches to being present in the world. Contemporary movement based performers ground their practices in understanding the interplay of gravity and the body. Somatic intentional falling provides them a creative resource for developing both self and environmental support. The physical, metaphorical and psychological impact of these practices informs the theories and perspectives presented in this book.

As falling can be dangerous and painful, encouraging people to do so willingly might be considered a provocative premise. Western culture generally resists falling because it provokes fear and represents failure. Out of this tension a paradox emerges: falling, we are both powerless subjects and agents of change, a dynamic distinction that enlivens discussions throughout the writing.

Emilyn engages with different dance genres, live performance and therapeutic interactions to form her ideas and interlaces her arguments with issues of gender and race. She describes how surrender to gravity can transform our perceptions and facilitate ways of being that are relational and life enhancing. Woven throughout, autobiographical, poetic, philosophical, descriptive and theoretical voices combine to question the fixation of Western culture on uprightness and supremacy. A simple act of falling builds momentum through eclectic discussions, uncovering connections to shame, laughter, trauma, ageing and the thrill of release.
La Paz’s Colonial Specters
Authors: Sierra Luis M.
Published: December 2020

This original study examines a vital but neglected aspect of the 1952 National Revolution in Bolivia; the activism of urban inhabitants. Many of these activists were Aymara-speaking people of indigenous origin who transformed the urban environment, politics and place of “indígenas” and “neighbors” within the city of La Paz. Luis Sierra traces how these urban residents faced racial discrimination and marginalization despite their political support for the Movimiento Nacionalista Revolucionario (MNR). La Paz’s Colonial Specters reassesses the contingent, relational nature of Bolivia’s racial categories and the artificial division between urban and rural activists.

Building on rich established historiography on the indigenous people of Bolivia, Luis Sierra breaks new ground in showing the role of the neighborhoods in the process of urbanization, and builds upon analysis of the ways in which race, gender and class discourse shaped migrants interactions with other urban residents. Questioning how and why this multiclass and multi-ethnic group continued to be labelled by elites and the state as “un-modern” indigena, the author uses La Paz to demonstrate the ways in which race, class, and gender intertwine in urbanization and in conceptions of the city and nation.

Of interest to scholars, researchers and advanced students of Latin American history, urban history, the history of activism and the history of ethnic conflict, this unique study covers the previously neglected first half of the 20th century to shed light on the urban development of La Paz and its racial and political divides.
Talawa Theatre Company
Authors: Vivian Johnson David
Published: December 2020

This study - the first of its kind - examines the history, performance work and achievements of Talawa theatre company under the tenure of its co-founder and artistic director from 1986 until 2003, Yvonne Brewster.

The notion of achievement is understood within the contemporary British theatrical context, highlighting the originality of Talawa's work and, by extension, the company's commitment to its mission statement. The book is divided in two parts - the first covering the founding of Talawa in 1986 up to 2001, and the second covering the company under its new artistic director, taking us to the present day.

Within these two parts, the book provides a historical context for Talawa's performance work, presenting a chronology of the company's performance roots that are shown to begin in Africa, develop in Jamaica and end in the UK. It examines Talawa's history between 1986 and 2001, including a discussion of definitions of black British theatre, Talawa's mission statement the company's residency in the West End. In the subsequent sections, the author moves on to draw out aspects of Talawa's performance work thematically, focusing on their Caribbean, American and English plays. Finally, he highlights Talawa's history, artistic accomplishments, impact and legacy, with a view to where the company might go in the future.
Communicating Fashion
Authors: Lascity Myles Ethan
Published: December 2020

How did you decide what to wear today? Did you base your selection on comfort or style? Did you want to blend in or stand out from the crowd — or was it just the cleanest outfit available?

We each make these decisions every day, reflecting how we view ourselves and impacting how others see us. Our choices matter — not just to us personally, but also to the array of magazine editors, brand ambassadors, and trend forecasters who make a living by selling to us. Communicating Fashion introduces key concepts from the intersecting worlds of fashion and communication studies to connect how people use clothing to express themselves and how media systems support that process. In doing so, Myles Ethan Lascity explores social, cultural, and ethical issues through the work of fashion journalism, brand promotions, and the growing role of online influencers, as well as the impact of film, television, and art on self-image and expression.
Material Lives
Authors: Dyer Serena
Published: December 2020

Conventional histories of the 18th century – and the industrial revolution and the birth of the consumer society – have distorted our understanding of the complex dynamics of material production and consumption and the ways in which these were experienced by both men and women. With its illuminating stories of women’s experiences, and their material literacy and agency as producers, Material Lives offers a new way of looking at this period, challenging previously held views and assumptions. Using deep archival research to tell these stories, Material Lives shifts the conceptual framework by which women are perceived as passive consumers – those who bought things – to active producers – those who made things.

Dyer focusses on genteel women, whose engagement with production has traditionally been characterised as decorative, trivial and superficial, and reveals the strategies used by women to negotiate and record their interactions with the increasingly sophisticated world of goods. Exploring the material archives of four women of the period – fabric samples, ‘dress of the year’ watercolours, doll-sized versions of women’s garments and adorned prints – as forms of lifewriting, or material biographies, the book reveals how women used the material culture of making to record and navigate their lives. In so doing, Material Lives challenges our previously held understanding of 18th-century society and the history of gender, making and consumption, placing women centrally as ‘makers’ in this new consumer society. For researchers and students of material culture, dress history, consumption, gender and women’s history, it offers a rich resource of stories to illuminate the past.

Material Lives traces the stories of four eighteenth-century women. Instead of words, these women used needles, brush strokes and scissors to craft their personal narratives. This book pieces together the scattered material remnants left by Barbara Johnson, Ann Frankland Lewis, Sabine Winn and Laetitia Powell, and unveils the material strategies they used to manage and memorialise their lives. As material forms of life-writing, these records contain rich evidence of the emotional, cultural and social lives of these women. Through stitches and brush strokes, the miscellany of creative material methods they used reveal that the abundant world of goods, which has dominated narratives around consumer culture, also fuelled women as makers. This book challenges the binary distinctions between makers and consumers, and instead suggests that a fluid material literacy was shared across society. The women examined crafted representational records of their own consumption, through which they managed and memorialised their consumer activity. Buying and making sat side by side, unified in a material culture of sartorial life-writing. Making, this book shows, was a powerful act of agency which was used to mediate a sophisticated consumer culture. These women chronicled their consumption through making, and they crafted their biography from dress.
Rebellious Cooks and Recipe Writing in Communist Bulgaria
Authors: Shkodrova Albena , Evans Bryce
Published: December 2020

How did people exist and resist in their daily lives under Soviet control in the Cold War period? Shkodrova’s monograph shows how in communist Bulgaria many women passionately exchanged recipes with friends and strangers, to build substantial and impressive private collections of recipes. This activity was borderline contraband in going against the general disapproval of home cooking that formed part of the ideology of communism, in which home cooking was considered household slavery and an agent of patriarchalism.

Private recipe collections were by far the preferred written source of culinary information, more popular than the state-approved commercial cookbooks. Shkodrova shows how these recipe collections held many different meanings for the women who collected them, from helping to navigate the communist economy, to enabling new friendships to be developed while engaging safely in power relations, and cultivating a sense of individual identity in a society where collective existence was prioritised and exalted. Drawing on primary sources including scrapbook cookbooks and working from the establishment of cookery classes before communism and their obliteration thereafter, Shkodrova presents a structured outline of the meanings of recipes exchange and home cooking for Bulgarian women under communism.