bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A COMUNICAÇÃO PARA TRANSMITIR A CULTURA E OS VALORES ORGANIZACIONAIS: O CASO DA REVISTA RECRUTINHA
Authors: Jordão Camila Cassins , Oliveira Filha Elza Aparecida de
Published: August 2016

Este artigo analisa, sob a perspectiva da comunicação organizacional, quatro edições da revista em quadrinhos Recrutinha, produzida pelo Centro de Comunicação Social do Exército para crianças do primeiro ciclo do ensino fundamental. Como a revista apresenta o Exército Brasileiro sob um caráter didático, é possível perceber em seu conteúdo a transmissão dos valores e da cultura desta instituição, além de características próprias de sua comunicação.
“UTOPIAPA” E “DISTAPIOCA”: UMA ANÁLISE DE A REVOLUÇÃO DOS HOMENS E ADMIRÁVEL BRASIL NOVO
Authors: De Barros Rodrigues Victor
Published: August 2016

Neste artigo, será analisado o caráter utópico e distópico das obras Admirável Brasil Novo, de Ruy Tapioca, e A Revolução dos Homens, de Wilson Rio Apa. Percebe-se que, ao contrário de romances utópicos, os romances distópicos são conflitantes, possuem caráter crítico, denunciativo de questões sociais, como o aumento dos grandes centros, o individualismo e a ideologia.
Formation and early hydration characteristics of C2.75B1.25A3$ in binary system of C2.75B1.25A3$-C2S
Authors: Wang Shoude , Huang Yongbo , Gong Chenchen , Fu Xinghua , Lu Lingchao
Published: August 2016

C2.75B1.25A3$ (2.75CaO•1.25BaO• 3Al2O3• SO3) is one of the important minerals and it govern-directly the early-strength of belite-barium calcium sulphoaluminate cement. In this paper a binary system C2.75B1.25A3$-C2S is selected to investigate the formation of C2.75B1.25A3$. In the range of 1100 °C–1200 °C, the earlier formed C2S hinders the formation of C2.75B1.25A3$. On the contrary, when the temperature is in the range of 1200 °C–1350 °C, the initially formed C2S could provide a surface for the nucleation of C2.75B1.25A3$ and cut down the potential barrier (?Gk*) for the heterogeneous nucleation of C2.75B1.25A3$, which contributes to its formation. Moreover, at 1350 °C, the large amount of previously formed C2S benefits the extent of formation of C2.75B1.25A3$. The possible reason was that it could prevent sulfur evaporation. In early hydration age, AFm and AFt originating from C2.75B1.25A3$ hydration are found within 2 h and 12 h under 95% RH at 1 °C, respectively, whereas C2S is unhydrated at this moment.
Encuestas a pie de urna en España. ¿Error muestral o sesgo de no respuesta?
Authors: Pavía Jose M. , Badal Elena , García-Cárceles Belén
Published: August 2016

Existe un gran número de ejemplos de predicciones inexactas obtenidas a partir tanto de encuestas pre-electorales como de encuestas a pie de urna a lo largo del mundo. La presencia de tasas de no-respuesta diferencial entre distintos tipos de electores ha sido la principal razón esgrimida para justificar las proyecciones erróneas en las encuestas a pie de urna. En problemas de inferencia rara vez es posible comparar estimaciones y valores reales. Las predicciones electorales son una excepción. La comparación entre estimaciones y resultados finales puede realizarse una vez los votos han sido contabilizados. En este trabajo, examinamos los datos brutos recogidos en siete encuestas a pie de urna realizadas en España y testamos la hipótesis de que los datos recolectados en cada punto de muestreo puedan ser considerados una muestra aleatoria de los resultados realmente registrados en el correspondiente colegio electoral. Conocer la respuesta a esta pregunta es relevante para analistas y encuestadores electorales, ya que, si se rechaza la hipótesis, las deficiencias de los datos recogidos deberían ser subsanadas en concordancia. Los analistas podrían mejorar la calidad de sus estimaciones mediante la implementación de estrategias de corrección local. En nuestro estudio encontramos una fuerte evidencia de errores ajenos al muestreo en las encuestas a pie de urna en España y constatamos la importancia del contexto político. El sesgo de no-respuesta es mayor en elecciones polarizadas y en un clima de violencia o presión.
Networked Digital Spaces
Authors: Phillips Stephanie N.
Published: August 2016

As the landscape for communication changes with new and evolving digital technologies, the format for college composition classrooms must change and adapt as well. If we are moving towards compositions that are created by and mediated through a screen, we must adopt new approaches for talking about and teaching these new forms of language and communication. During the fall 2014 semester, I was given the opportunity to teach a composition class focused on digital rhetoric. As a facet of the classroom experience, my students created and used Twitter accounts for fictional characters. Utilizing Twitter within the composition classroom allowed students to compose as a part of a much larger network of actors that interact with the texts they create. As a form of networked communication, the compositions created by students through this medium demanded interaction and engagement in a way that a classroom composition, shared only between student and instructor, does not.
This Is the Remix
Authors: Butts Shannon
Published: August 2016

Remix, as a pedagogical style and teaching method, reframes foundational elements of writing instruction and broadens the traditional practice of writing to include 21st century compositional methods and technological forms. Through Remix Writing, students and instructors learn to compose a networked system of writing that diffuses assumed hierarchies and promotes associative thinking across diverse ecologies of media. We are always already associative thinkers. We build connections to understand, compare, reject, and relate. The digital writing environment offers an assemblage of associations, available in an instant. By disassembling and then reassembling texts, writers can learn to analyze influences and situate works in a web of connections. Students not only write critically about objects of study, but also have the opportunity to produce original work in various styles and media. In mapping the remix process as well as the purpose of each composition, students are able to identify key elements of argument, style, and effective communication – taking ownership of their own writing.
Reblogging as Writing
Authors: McGuire Meghan
Published: August 2016

This chapter explores how multimodal composition and social media conventions can support writing and introduce students to writing to multiple audiences. This chapter will outline an assignment from logistics of Tumblr as a space to help students establish regular writing practices in online spaces. Additionally, this chapter will illustrate some aspects of resistance that students may have with the assignment and provide strategies that respond to these resistances to make the assignment more effective.
Curating the Public Self
Authors: Trauth Erin
Published: August 2016

Many 21st century student writers have long since mastered the art of crafting a public image through their social media profiles. However, when it is time to make the transition from personal to professional in their public persona, many students have trouble differentiating between the shades of their lives, and subsequently, create less-than-professional public profiles. In this chapter, I explore ways writing teachers can help students transition from a social media experience limited to friends and family to a public persona for job searches, graduate school applications, and the like. More specifically, I discuss how I used LinkedIn to help student writers create authentic, yet professional, public selves.
The Challenges of Managing the Private Institutions of Social Solidarity
Authors: Dieguez Teresa , Conceição Oscarina , Fernandes Ângela
Published: August 2016

The Private Institutions of Social Solidarity (IPSS) are constituted as not-for-profit with the purpose of giving organized expression to the moral duty of solidarity and justice among individuals by private initiative. IPSS helps children, young people and families support social and community integration, assist the elderly and disabled, promote and safeguard health, education and vocational training and resolve housing problems. This study focused on the answers offered to the elderly people, specifically through the service provided on the Social Centers. We tried to analyze existing practices, identify good practices and understand their frequency, while understanding the open-mindedness level to change and innovation. As research methodology we conducted surveys among users and technicians. The study concluded that communication is always present between the different institutions even if in different levels. Networking and good practices customized accordingly to the users keep them satisfied and more active in their daily life.
Enterprise Risk Management in Non-Profit Organization
Authors: Bali Selçuk , Uslu Yeter Demir
Published: August 2016

Prior studies indicate that enterprise risk management has a vital role on firm performance. Enterprise risk management system helps organizations to reach their goals by reducing uncertainty of their operating environment. In this context, this study aims to discuss and analyze the concept of enterprise risk management in non-profit organizations. The term “risk” for non-profit organizations is defined and different types of risk are examined. The significance and need of managing risk in non-profit organizations are revealed.
Cash Management in Non-Profit Organizations
Authors: Kucukbay Füsun
Published: August 2016

This chapter tries to contribute to the discussion about nonprofit organizations in the cash management area. The leaders of non-profit organizations are mostly concerned with their primary aim such as charity or such as the eradication of fluorocarbons. Usually, nonprofits' leaders ignore the subject of financial management. However, this ignorance may lead business failure. The cash management, which is an important subject of financial management, is vital for non-profit organizations because these organizations are usually poor in cash and their cash flow fluctuates throughout the year. The finance managers have to plan the cash flow periodically in order to pay current bills on at the appropriate time with an appropriate cost. In this chapter, the cash inflow characteristics of non-profit organizations, the basic concepts of cash flow management such as cash flow statement, cash flow budgeting, cash flow analysis based on financial ratios and cash flow problems and its possible solutions are tried to be explained.
Marketing Approach for Non-Profit Organizations
Authors: Ayyıldız Hasan , Akmermer Bilgen , Akyüz Ahmet Mutlu
Published: August 2016

All marketing definitions focus on the same point: customer orientation and the satisfaction of customer needs. Within this framework, although marketing approach in most of studies primarily deal with institutions and enterprises in profit/private sector, it has become crucial for all kind of organizations including non-profit ones. In recent years, many non-profits have grown larger and continue to improve their growth and effectiveness. In this sense, marketing is touchstone of developing non-profits. This part hopes to create a perspective to marketing definition to understand the relevance of marketing to non-profit organizations and how marketing strategies should be adapted to them for success.
School Principals' Communication and Co-Operation Assessment
Authors: Ercegovac Ina Reić , Alfirević Nikša , Koludrović Morana
Published: August 2016

This chapter is conceptualized in terms of managerial behaviour in non-profit/public environments, which is often characterized by the socially constructed notion of organizational efficiency. This entails that the favourable external stakeholders' interpretations of the principals' activities should be ensured and associated with the usage of practices, perceived as ‘contemporary' and ‘efficient'. There is no clear answer to the research question, if principals in EU, as managers of public/non-profit schools, adapt their behaviour in a similar manner. The empirical research is based on a survey of school principals, conducted in Croatian primary schools, as a first step toward developing a measure of school principals' communication and co-operation practices, demonstrating their orientation toward both internal and external stakeholders in the school environment.
Intuition in Decision-Making on the Example of a Non-Profit Organization
Authors: Malewska Kamila Magdalena
Published: August 2016

The purpose of this chapter is to identify the level of intuitive potential and the extent of its use in decision-making processes in non-profit organizations, and to identify what factors determine the use of intuition in practice. To this end, a non-profit organization called “I Have a Dream” Foundation is analysed using the case study method. This chapter consists of five main parts. Firstly, the concept of intuition is defined and its importance in management and decision-making in particular is identified. Then, the issue of management of non-profit organizations and the emerging professionalization trends in this area are discussed. At the same time, the author seeks to answer the question of whether it is an opportunity or a threat. Further, the research subject, “I Have a Dream” Foundation, and the research sample are characterized. The final part of the chapter presents cognitive results of the study.
The Fundraising Patterns and the Management Professionalization in Independent Arts Organizations in SEE
Authors: Alfirević Nikša , Šešić Milena Dragićević , Čačija Ljiljana Najev
Published: August 2016

In this chapter, the authors discuss the fundraising and funding patterns and their potential relationship(s) with the of management professionalization in independent arts organizations. It is proposed that the source of income and the fundraising activities can be associated with a clear pattern of managerial professionalization, as well as organizational directions. The empirical research is based on a sample of independent arts organizations from Croatia and Serbia. The Croatian organizations are now able to benefit from the EU structural funds and other sources of EU-based financing, while the Serbian organizations are in the very early stage of accessing the pre-accession EU financing and still rely on the more traditional sources of funding. The research methodology is comparative and qualitative, since this chapter is supposed to open a new venue of research in the South East European (SEE) region. It is based on comprehensive, in-depth interviews with the widely recognized actors of the independent and public arts scene in major urban areas in Croatia and Serbia.
Experiences of Non-Profit Organizations in Korea
Authors: Cakar Ulas , Kim Haeeun
Published: August 2016

Social, cultural, and economic aspects of a country decide the formation and development of the country's non-profit organizations. Examining Korean NPOs shows uniqueness in their birth characteristics, historical advancement, and current location. This chapter presents discussions on definitions and functions of Korean NPOs, their development history regarding political regimes, current situation which the organizations are facing, and opportunities to overcome the challenges. The democracy movement in the 1980s facilitated activities of NPOs and different political regimes have been providing diverse backgrounds for NPOs' performance. Currently, Korean NPOs are confronted with challenges in functional and managerial aspects. The authors propose facilitating the high internet usage of Korea into a power tool for NPOs and turning the attention toward clubs and societies as possible remedies for the difficulties. This chapter is expected to promote understanding of Korean NPOs and provide insights for the future development of Korean NPO literature.
Fish Tracking with Computer Vision Techniques
Authors: Rodriguez Alvaro , Rico-Diaz Angel Jose , Rabuñal Juan R. , Gestal Marcos
Published: August 2016

Vertical slot fishways are hydraulic structures which allow the upstream migration of fish through obstructions in rivers. Their design depends on the interplay between hydraulic and biological variables to match the requirements of the fish species for which they are intended. However, current mechanisms to study fish behavior in fishway models are impractical or unduly affect the animal behavior. In this chapter, we propose a new procedure for measuring fish behavior in fishways using Computer Vision (CV) techniques to analyze images obtained from the assays by means of a camera system designed for fishway integration. It is expected that this technique will provide detailed information about the fish behavior and will help to improve fish passage devices. A series of assays have been performed in order to validate this new approach in a full-scale fishway model and with living fishes. We have obtained very promising results that allow reconstructing correctly the movements of the fish within the fishway without disturbing fish.
Fish Monitoring, Sizing, and Detection Using Stereovision, Laser Technology, and Computer Vision
Authors: Rico-Diaz Angel Jose , Rodriguez Alvaro , Puertas Jeronimo , Bermudez Maria
Published: August 2016

Stereovision and laser techniques allow for getting knowledge about fish, mostly when they are combined with computer vision. This kind of techniques avoid to use traditional procedures such as direct observation, which are impractical or can affect the fish behavior, in task such as aquarium and fish farm management or fishway, like vertical slot fishway, evaluation. This chapter describes in a first stage, the use stereovision join with computer vision to fish monitoring and measure size of fishes. In the second part, using laser technology and computer vision to fish detection, especially in slot fishways. Vertical slot fishways are structures that are placed in rivers to allow fish to avoid obstacles such as dams, hydroelectric plants. Then, it shows a results section and finally authors' conclusions.
A Technical Assessment on License Plate Detection System
Authors: S. Jeena Rita K. , Omman Bini
Published: August 2016

Identifying the region of interest from an image is an important task in the field of computer vision. This process is referred as Object Detection. Locating the object can be done by extracting the features from the image and the features depend on the application. Image retrieval and surveillance are two important applications of Object Detection. Surveillance is an active research topic in computer vision that tries to detect, recognize and track objects over images. An interesting application of it is License Plate Recognition module in Intelligent Transportation System. The speedy developments in economic and social life bring on for a large increase in the number of vehicles in the city. This makes the traffic management difficult. It has great impact on human life as it aims to increase the transportation safety through innovative technologies. An important function that need for majority of ITS application is to identify the vehicle using LPR. This chapter presents assessment on different methods in detecting the license plate and discusses a case study on it.
Leveraging Key Aspects of Collaborative Techniques to Assist Clinical Decisions
Authors: Moghimi Hoda , Schaffer Jonathan L. , Wickramasinghe Nilmini
Published: August 2016

Employing collaborative systems in healthcare contexts is an important approach towards designing and developing intelligent computer solutions. The objective of this study is to develop a real-time collaborative system using the Intelligent Risk Detection Model (IRD) to improve decision efficiency for the care of patients undergoing hip and knee arthroplasty (THA, TKA). Expected benefits include increasing awareness, supporting communication, improving decision making processes and also improving information sharing between surgeons, patients, families and consultants as key collaborative parties. The research question under investigation is: How can key information technologies be designed, developed and adopted to support clinical decision making in the context of THA and TKA? This research in progress has identified the value and benefit of developing a systematic and technology supported tool to facilitate the identification of various risks associated with THA and TKA.
Lean Thinking in Global Health Care
Authors: Kasemsap Kijpokin
Published: August 2016

This chapter explains the overview of Lean production; the overview of value stream mapping (VSM); the applications of Lean production in global health care; the implementation of Lean production in global health care; and the challenges and implications of Lean production in global health care. Lean production can be used to identify and eliminate the wastes in any health care activity performed within a health care facility. Lean production can be applied to hospitals and health care organizations to redesign health care processes toward improving the quality of care and reducing costs and wastes. Successful Lean health care efforts result in the measurable improvements in patient outcomes, such as improved quality, less harm due to preventable errors, better access, shorter waiting times, and better service. Implementing Lean production has the potential to enhance health care performance and gain sustainable competitive advantage in global health care.
The Importance of Telemedicine in Global Health Care
Authors: Kasemsap Kijpokin
Published: August 2016

The chapter explains the challenges facing health care systems; the overview of telemedicine; the technological devices of telemedicine systems; telemedicine and chronic diseases; telemedicine and technology acceptance model (TAM); the applications of telemedicine in the oil and gas industry; and the importance of telemedicine in global health care. Telemedicine brings the health care value through its ability for the remote visits with patients, immediate access to health care professionals, real-time access to health data, and health monitoring capabilities. Telemedicine is an effective health care measure that can manage the new and affordable technology with the potential to deliver the convenient and effective care to patients, and provides an alternative way for the health care organizations to deliver the essential health outcomes. The chapter argues that applying telemedicine has the potential to increase health care performance and gain sustainable competitive advantage in global health care.
What E-Mental Health Can Offer to Saudi Arabia Using an Example of Australian E-Mental Health
Authors: Abuzinadah Yamam , Binhadyan Bader , Wickramasinghe Nilmini
Published: August 2016

Mental health have become a very influential topic around the world due to the increase of mental health issues that have been reported through national research and surveys. Many studies have been done along the years around the barriers in regards to seeking help in deferent countries and communities. This research aims to look closely into these barriers targeting issues and potential solutions, specifically for Saudi Arabia. Recently, the use of e-mental health services have proven to be an effective method to improve is barriers to mental health treatment. However, this chapter addresses the application and suitably of e-mental health programs for Saudi Arabia mental health services. To do so, a case study of Australian e-mental health services was selected to assist with the investigations.
Chaotic Function Based ECG Encryption System
Authors: Singh Butta , Singh Manjit , Sharma Dixit
Published: August 2016

Remote health-care monitoring systems communicate biomedical information (e.g. Electrocardiogram (ECG)) over insecure networks. Protection of the integrity, authentication and confidentiality of the medical data is a challenging issue. This chapter proposed an encryption process having a 4-round five steps -encryption structure includes: the random pixel insertion, row separation, substitution of each separated row, row combination and rotation. Accuracy and security analysis of proposed method for 2D ECG encryption is evaluated on MIT-BIH arrhythmia database.
The Development of a Secure Hospital Messaging and Communication Platform
Authors: Moghimi Hoda , Wickramasinghe Nilmini
Published: August 2016

Pagers and phone conversations have been the stalwarts of hospital communication. With good reason - they are simple, reliable and relatively inexpensive. However, with the increasing complexity of patient care, the need for greater speed and the general inexorable progress of health technology, hospital communication systems appear to be increasingly inefficient, non-secure, and inadequate. Thus, this study is proposed to answer the key research question: How can ICT (information communication technology) solutions ameliorate the current challenges regarding communication inefficiencies within healthcare? To answer this question, the study will design and develop a bespoke ICT solution for a specific context using three strong theories; communication theory, activity theory and agency theory to make a robust body of knowledge for the proposed solution. Further, it will serve to establish proof of concept, usability and feasibility of the proffered solution. The study participants will be selected from medical and nursing staff.
Analyzing the Role of Health Information Technology in Global Health Care
Authors: Kasemsap Kijpokin
Published: August 2016

This chapter explains the perspectives on global health, the overview of health information technology (health IT), the applications of electronic health record (EHR), and the importance of health IT in global health care. Health IT is the area of IT involving the design, development, creation, utilization, and maintenance of information systems for the health care industry. Health IT makes it possible for health care providers to better manage patient care through the secure use and sharing of health information. Effective health IT can lower costs, improve efficiency, and reduce medical error, while providing better patient care and service. The chapter argues that utilizing health IT has the potential to enhance health care performance and reach strategic goals in global health care.
Health Information System
Authors: Tyagi Aman , Singh Preetvanti
Published: August 2016

Information systems (IS) help in managing healthcare costs and in improving the quality of care. IS are uniquely positioned to capture, store, process, and communicate timely information to decision makers for better coordination of healthcare at both the individual and population levels. One of the most interesting aspects of HIS (Health Information System) is how to manage the relationship between healthcare providers and patients. The main focus of this Chapter is a brief overview of Health Information Systems and the description of the techniques that can be used to develop the health information systems. There are various emerging tools and technologies in creating and managing HIS like data mining and geographical information system. Developing HIS can improve access for geographically isolated communities; provide support for health care workers; aid in data sharing; provide visual tools linking population and environmental information with disease outbreaks.
Investigating Acceptance of Nursing Information Systems through UTAUT Lens
Authors: Nguyen Lemai , Wickramasinghe Nilmini , Botti Mary , Redley Bernice , Haddad Peter , Muhammad Imran
Published: August 2016

It is widely known that nurses are pivotal in coordinating and communicating patient care information in the complex network of healthcare professionals and service delivery. Yet, despite their pivotal role, information communication technologies have historically rarely been designed around nurses' operational needs. This could explain the poor integration of technologies into nursing work processes and consequent rejection by nursing professionals. The complex nature of acute care delivery in hospitals and the frequently interrupted patterns of nursing work suggest that nurses require flexible intelligent systems that can support and adapt to their variable workflow patterns. This study is designed to explore nurses' initial reactions to a new integrated point of care solution for acute healthcare contexts. We report on the first stage of a longitudinal project to use an innovative approach involving nurses in the development and refinement of this solution. Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology was used to evaluate acceptability of the proposed system by nurses.
Trends of Social Media Applications in Healthcare
Authors: Aboelmaged Mohamed Gamal , Thomas Suja Sarah , Elsheikh Samia
Published: August 2016

The twenty-first century has witnessed social media taking firm root into business and economic activity. It can no longer be considered as a tool for ‘social' activity alone. Even governments have taken to it in order to open up communication channels with citizens and provide more effective services. The healthcare sector is a unique field where information sources and uses need to be handled with utmost care, as the risks extend not only to the healthcare provider, but more so to the recipient and others such as prospective recipients, the broader community, and regulators. Therefore, responsible use of social media in healthcare is critical, whether it be with respect to ‘customer' relationship, marketing, education, recruitment or community building. This chapter scrutinizes relevant literature, which has been published in various disciplines, to provide significant insight into the question of how social media can improve healthcare administration. Practical implications and opportunities for further research are also highlighted.
Preventing Occupational Stress in Railway Engine Pilots
Authors: Kumar Devesh , Kharwar Poonam Singh
Published: August 2016

Traffic volume and speed is going to be increased in Indian Railways successively leading to higher stress in train operations. The jobs of railway pilots come under the category of high strain jobs, necessitating a need to conduct study to unfold factors associated with occupational stress. OSI test, questionnaire of specific stressors and laboratory test battery were used as tools. Means of OSI of railway pilots was significantly higher than OSI of train operation staff. Mean of OSI of goods train pilots was higher to means to those of high speed and passenger train pilots. Study revealed positive correlation of speed perception and complex reaction time tests, and negative correlation of other constituent tests of laboratory test battery to OSI test. Highest stressor observed is role overload followed by role conflict. These findings provide evidence of higher occupational stress among railway pilots because of identified specific stressors. Significant correlation noticed between OSI and laboratory test results indicates its utility in preliminary psychological screening.
Hospital Social Media Strategies
Authors: Payton Fay Cobb , Pinto Natasha
Published: August 2016

This chapter describes the role social media plays in patient communication at hospitals. The chapter explores how social media platforms are used by national and local hospitals to deliver higher quality healthcare and increase patient engagement. Using an in-depth literature review and semi-structured interviews at two local hospitals, the chapter assesses how hospitals approach traditional and social media strategies. The chapter identifies the importance of using both online and offline communication strategies for the most comprehensive and effective delivery of healthcare. The chapter also includes a discussion of how social media has the ability to influence health information seeking and the patient-physician relationship.
A Factor Analytical Study of Safety and Health Issues in Select Small and Medium Manufacturing Concerns
Authors: Joshi Meha , Bajaj Ritu
Published: August 2016

Safety and health are the important issues which must be taken up by the organizations to ensure satisfaction of the employees and also to ensure productivity in the organization. Particularly in small and medium enterprises, these issues demand more concern as due to small size of firm, they are often neglected. This chapter gives an overview of small and medium enterprises in India, their role in the development of economy. Moreover, this chapter focuses on the importance of Safety and Health in the organization, how they are taken up as major concerns of the organization by International Labor Organization in the form of providing various conventions and ratifications and what are the various provisions regarding the same in the Factories Act in India. The outcome of the chapter is the factors which are particularly relevant for ensuring safety and health of employees in small and medium enterprises. For determining the factors, Factor analysis was performed on the data collected from the respondents with the help of questionnaire comprising of statements on Likert scale.
Readiness as a Novel Construct of Readiness Acceptance Model (RAM) for the Wireless Handheld Technology
Authors: Hafeez-Baig Abdul , Gururajan Raj , Wickramasinghe Nilmini
Published: August 2016

In this conceptual chapter we have reviewed prominent theories or models in relation to the adoption of technology for wired devices. We have identified shortcomings in these leading models in predicting adoption behaviour associated with the wireless technology. The shortcomings are particularly acute in wireless handheld technology by comparison with desk top technology in which the adoption models have been extensively studied. Here we propose “Readiness Acceptance Model” (RAM) as new conceptual model for the adoption of ICT in conjunction with wireless handheld technology. Readiness is defined as user's ability to perceived readiness of the business in the context of organizational, technological, perceptional, behavioural, and environmental attributes for the acceptance of wireless handheld devices. In formulating the conceptual framework for RAM we incorporated variable characteristics from the nine prominent models reviewed here. We believe these considerations would allow RAM to be useful in wireless handheld technology ICT domains.
A Guideline to Use Activity Theory for Collaborative Healthcare Information Systems Design
Authors: Durst Carolin , Wickramasinghe Nilmini , Riechert Jana
Published: August 2016

In healthcare, collaborative systems serve very different stakeholders: researchers, clinicians, nurses, patients, and administrators for instance. In order to design a collaborative healthcare information system that satisfies the stakeholders' needs, all individual requirements have to be mapped into the software. Traditional system design focuses at technical features and oftentimes ignores social requirements like human factors or organizational structures. Instead of integrating existing processes and working habits into a system, a technical-focused design approach tries to force new behaviors. As a result, stakeholders could refuse to use collaborative healthcare information systems. In line with Kuutti (1991), we recommend activity theory as a rich framework to study and design collaborative information systems. We believe that activity theory analysis is particularly useful for healthcare settings where diverse stakeholders pursue very different goals. This book chapter offers a structured approach to analyze collaborative activities and to design the IT-support accordingly.
Mathematical Programming and Heuristics for Patient Scheduling in Hospitals
Authors: Gartner Daniel , Padman Rema
Published: August 2016

The effective and efficient treatment of individual patients subject to scarce hospital resources is an increasingly important and challenging problem for decision makers to address. A recent study by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics listed Registered Nursing among the top occupations in terms of job growth until the year 2022 (American Association of Colleges of Nursing (2015)). This growing demand can be explained in part by the large number of aging baby boomers with multi-morbid health conditions who typically require more treatments and longer length of stay in a variety of healthcare delivery settings (Vetrano et al. (2014)). Given the projected demand growth and reduced mobility of elderly patients, efficient operational research methods have to be developed and deployed for optimizing the process of scheduling the treatment of individual patients in highly resource constrained environments. We will henceforth denote this process as ‘patient scheduling' and provide a problem definition and a review of current approaches in the course of this chapter.
Adoption of Mobile Devices in the Australian Healthcare
Authors: Sood Vasundhara Rani , Gururajan Raj , Hafeez-Baig Abdul , Wickramasinghe Nilmini
Published: August 2016

In recent years, the potential use of mobile devices has significantly positively impacted healthcare globally. Despite global claims of widespread use of mobile devices in healthcare, its adoption in the Australian healthcare context is slow. Limited research is available on slow adoption of mobile devices in the Australian healthcare context. Therefore, this chapter is designed to investigate the factors influencing adoption of mobile devices from healthcare professionals' perspective and develop a health specific conceptual framework. The influential factors for the adoption of mobile devices in the Australian health context may be intention, individual readiness, advantages, safety issues, features, self-efficacy, complexity, training, compatibility, social influences, age and gender.
Scripting Environments of Gamified Learning Management Systems for Programming Education
Authors: Swacha Jakub
Published: August 2016

This chapter is devoted to the scripting environments that are pivotal for the development and usage of gamified Learning Management Systems in programming education. They are classified into four types, which include: the student's code execution environment, the scripting wrapper for processing input and output of the code execution environment, the game-based rule processing environment, and the environment for processing scripts embedded in the course content. The chapter describes the functionality of each of these environments, with exemplary usage scenarios provided. Also, the key requirements for each environment are specified, and adequate design and technological solutions suggested. For open design decisions, consequences of choosing particular options are investigated.
Applications of Polymeric Micro- and Nano-Particles in Dentistry
Authors: Priyadarshini Balasankar Meera , Dubey Nileshkumar
Published: August 2016

The use of micro- and nanoparticles is rapidly advancing and has been most commonly used in medical and biological research that offers an encouraging scope in broad range of disciplines. Manipulation of the biomaterials to their micro- and nano-scale renders their properties and behavior different from that of the same material in the mass scale and make them more reactive than large particles. The removal of tooth structure and its restoration with synthetic material to solve the problems caused by dental caries, trauma and fracture is a practice nearly as old as dentistry. Efforts are made to create micro- and nanomaterials that can revolutionize these ancestral therapies and dental procedures. The use of these materials had shown some promising applications in caries control, endodontic therapy, regenerative dentistry, periodontology and oral biofilm management. This review aims to discuss the recent advances and future potential of polymer-based micro- and nanoparticles in dentistry.
Recent Advances in Synthesis and Biomedical Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles
Authors: Wani Irshad Ahmad
Published: August 2016

Magnetic nanoparticles due to their unique magnetic phenomenon, are gaining immense interest due to the utilization of these properties for a wide variety of applications in various arena especially in biomedical field. This book chapter, therefore, summarizes the synthesis of various types of magnetic nanoparticles using different approaches depending of their ability to generate either single core of multcore magnetic nanoparticles. The various biomedical applications of magnetic nanoparticles like Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), drug delivery etc. along with possible limitations and challenges for their extended applications in medicine are also discussed.
Development of a Laser Triangulation Gauge for High Precision Strip Thickness Control
Authors: Stockert Sven , Wehr Matthias , Lohmar Johannes , Hirt Gerhard , Abel Dirk
Published: August 2016

Almost all metal strips with thicknesses of < 2 mm are produced by cold rolling. Thickness variations of cold rolled strips are caused by various factors like fluctuation in strength of the material, the eccentricity of the rolls or thickness variation of the incoming strip. As the demands concerning the thickness variation are ever increasing the Institute of Automatic Control and the Institute of Metal Forming aim at reducing the thickness tolerance of thin, cold-rolled steel and copper strips to 1 μm. As high frequency disturbances are expected, it is assumed that this goal can only be achieved by using a predictive controller in combination with a high precision strip thickness gauge and, for roll adjustment, a piezoelectric actuator in addition to the existing electromechanical actuator. The objective of this work is the constructive implementation and the testing of a thickness gauge based on laser triangulation. The gauge includes guide rollers to prevent strip vibration, a C-frame to allow an inline calibration and mechanical adjustment of the measuring range so that even flexible strip thicknesses can be measured. The designed gauge showed a high repeat accuracy of 0.4 μm for two different metal strips. Furthermore the gauge was used to investigate the dynamics of the thickness change of a steel strip at maximum rolling speed of 5 m/s using a Fourier transformation. This frequency analysis supports the need for a piezoelectric actuator that can also subsequently be dimensioned based on the obtained frequency data.
Spatters during Laser Deep Penetration Welding with a Bifocal Optic
Authors: Volpp Joerg , Srowig Jennifer , Vollertsen Frank
Published: August 2016

The energy efficient, high-speed laser deep penetration welding process is a technology which is increasingly used for industrial applications. In order to guarantee weld seams of high quality a stable process needs to be established. Especially when welding aluminium alloys the weld quality is reduced due to occurring spatters which entails a loss of material. Solidified spatters remain on the surface of the specimen after welding and need to be cleaned for further processing steps. One method to change the process behaviour is beam shaping. In this work, a bifocal optic is used to produce two foci along the beam axis in order to manipulate the energy input into the keyhole. Bead-on-plate welds are produced in aluminium alloy EN AW-6082 and mild steel S235. For comparison, welding is conducted using standard optics. The spatter occurrence is compared when using these different beam shapes. While a reduced number of spatters per time are observed the spatter size increases when using the bifocal optic in this study.
Electroless Plating of Micro Pencil Grinding Tools with 5-10 μm Sized cBN Grits
Authors: Arrabiyeh Peter , Raval Vandeet , Kirsch Benjamin , Bohley Martin , Aurich Jan Christian
Published: August 2016

Micro grinding is a promising process to produce small scale structures in hard and brittle materials. Just like macro grinding processes, a high number of abrasive grits embedded on the grinding tools, are applied. This high number of grits results in low cutting forces on individuall grits and very small chip thicknesses, thus generating surfaces with a high quality. The manufacturing of the tools needed to produce such small structures is very challenging. In this paper, a method for the coating of micro pencil grinding tools (MPGTs) is proposed. MPGTs utilize coated superabrasive grits for micro machining hard and hardened materials. The MPGTs developed in the research presented here consist of a base body made of cemented carbide, abrasive grits made of cBN and a nickel bond. The experimental setup and the coating parameters needed to produce a 50-55 μm MPGT with 5-10 μm cBN grits nominal diameter is outlined. In addition, the tools are validated by machining a 500 μm long groove on a hardened 16MnCr5 workpiece.
Development of a Methodology for Analyzation of the Influence of Pitch Diameter Shift on the Generating Gear Grinding Process
Authors: Kampka Marco , Löpenhaus Christoph , Klocke Fritz
Published: August 2016

In order to improve load carrying capacity and noise behaviour, case hardened gears are usually hard finished. One possible process for hard finishing of gears is generating gear grinding, which has replaced other grinding processes in batch production of small and middle sized gears due to high process efficiency. Especially generating gear grinding of large module gears with a module higher than mn > 8 mm can be challenging due to high process forces and the resulting excitation, which can influence gear quality negatively. TÜRICH suggested applying a pitch diameter shift during generating gear grinding to equal out the number of contact points between the left and right flanks of the gear with the grinding tool [1]. This qualitative approach is not sufficient to predict the process behaviour because it does not take the changing radii of the curvature of the involute into account and, therefore, the changing contact conditions along the gear profile. In this paper a methodology to quantify the influence of pitch diameter shift on the generating gear grinding process using a manufacturing simulation is introduced. Additionally this methodology is validated for one manufacturing test case.
Geometrical Contact Zone Analysis of the Skive Hobbing Process
Authors: Böß Volker , Denkena Berend , Dittrich Marc André , Henning Stefan
Published: August 2016

In this paper, an innovative approach for contact zone analysis of skive hobbing is presented. This process is characterised by varying tool engagements and very small chip thicknesses. The paper describes the process-modelling and the analysis of the workpiece-tool contact. For efficient modelling, a novel dexel-based method for the description of a gear segment with discretized stock allowance is presented. Characteristic for the method is an analytical description of the target workpiece contour which allows to describe points of the surface by Cartesian coordinates on the winding off. On this workpiece contour, dexel are modelled in surface-orthogonal direction. The initial lengths of these dexel describe the stock allowance. By cutting these dexel with a tool, a time-and position-dependent prediction of material removal values, like width of undeformed chip, undeformed chip thickness or cutting directions can be obtained. Selected results are presented and interpreted.