bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stefanie Arend, Rastlose Weltgestaltung. Senecaische Kulturkritik in den Tragödien Gryphius' und Lohensteins. 2003
Authors: Robert Jörg
Published: December 2007

„Es gibt keine Stoiker mehr“ – auf diese prägnante These läßt Stefanie Arend ihre Studie zur Dramatik des Andreas Gryphius und des Daniel Casper von Lohenstein zulaufen. Provokativ bezieht sie damit Stellung gegen die ältere Barock-Forschung, die bei beiden Dramatikern die christlichstoische constantia im Gefolge von Lipsius' De constantia libri duo (1584) beispielhaft aktualisiert sah (S. 237 u. ö.). Arend geht es dagegen um die ‚genuin‘ Senecaische „Kulturphilosophie“ und „Kulturkritik“. Deren Rezeption wird als Symptom epistemologischer Umbauprozesse gedeutet, die das ‚neue‘ Wissen der Naturwissenschaft, die Differenz von altem und neuem Naturrecht sowie Implikationen des cartesianischen Weltbildes insgesamt betreffen. Die Dramatik eines Gryphius und Lohenstein erscheint damit nicht als affirmative Erfüllung, sondern als kritische Kontestierung stoischer Naturphilosophie und Erkenntnistheorie.
Marie-Thérèse Mourey, Poésie et éthique au XVIIe siècle: Les “Traductions et poèmes allemands” de Christian Hoffmann von Hoffmannswaldau (1616–1679). 1998
Authors: Helmridge-Marsillian Veronique
Published: December 2007

The main merit of this study consists in that it analyzes comprehensively the Deutsche Übersetzungen und Getichte, the authorized part of the poet's opus, and not the posthumous and somewhat spurious publications owing to the good offices of Benjamin Neukirch. This arduous task had never been attempted before, and, as such, deserves great praise. The more so, as the authoress has lavished on it a considerable amount of scholarship, not shrinking from a stay in Wroclaw (Poland), where she was able to consult all relevant manuscripts in the archives located there.
Claus-Michael Ort, Medienwechsel und Selbstreferenz. Christian Weise und die literarische Epistemologie des späten 17. Jahrhunderts. 2003
Authors: Niefanger Dirk
Published: December 2007

Die vorliegende Monographie ist die – im Titel an das ‚kulturwissenschaftliche‘ Theoriedesign angepasste – Druckfassung einer Kieler Habilitationsschrift von 1999, die seinerzeit den verständlicheren Titel „Schule der Affekte. Studien zu den Dramen Christian Weises“ trug. Der neue Titel ist insofern auch irreführend, weil tatsächlich im Ergebnis nur Studien zu einigen Theaterstücken Weises, nicht aber zu dessen Rhetorik und Pädagogik zu lesen sind. Neben Weises Dramentrilogie von 1683 (Jacobs doppelte Heirat, Masaniello, Tobias) analysiert Ort in Ansätzen auch Feinds Opern-Version des Masagniello Furioso und Mitternachts Der Unglückselige Soldat. Tatsächlich „beabsichtigt“ Ort „weder eine vollständige Monographie zu Christian Weises Dramen noch die erschöpfende Analyse einzelner Texte, sondern vielmehr eine mikroanalytische Lektüre exemplarischer Dramen Weises“ (S. 7). Er intendiert Weises Poetologie, insbesondere dessen Gattungs- und Affektvorstellung, herauszuarbeiten und auf „abstrakte Problemkonstellationen zu beziehen“ (S. 8). Unter letzteren versteht Ort vor allem einen „Medienwechsel“ (Titel) von den Bedingungen des Schultheaters zu Lesetexten. Anhand des zentralen Bühnenautors Weise untersucht die Studie also die ‚Literarisierung‘ des Dramas um 1700. Weises Texte gelten dabei als Dokumente für den „fortschreitenden Relevanzverlust der Schulbühne“ (S. 7), letztlich damit sogar für die allmähliche Entstehung des neuen Literatursystems im 18. Jahrhundert.
Günter Dammann / Dirk Sangmeister (Hgg.), Das Werk Johann Gottfried Schnabels und die Romane und Diskurse des frühen 18. Jahrhunderts. 2004
Authors: Fohrmann Jürgen
Published: December 2007

Der Band, dessen Titel Programm ist, geht auf eine Hallesche Konferenz zu Schnabel im Jahr 2002 zurück. Er unternimmt es, das Werk eines Autors, über den man bis heute nur sehr wenig weiß, über die gattungsspezifischen, diskursiven und philosophiegeschichtlichen Bezüge der Texte umfassend zu beleuchten. Geboten werden auf diese Weise sowohl eine Vielzahl von Kontextuierungsmöglichkeiten als auch ein Blick auf Schnabels Œuvre insgesamt, von dem folglich, wie häufig der Fall, nicht nur die ersten Bücher der Wunderlichen Fata (‚Insel Felsenburg‘) zur näheren Betrachtung kommen. Dies darf als großes Verdienst des Bandes gelten. Daß dabei keine zusammenhängende Interpretation, sondern jeweils aspektbezogene, durchaus miteinander konkurrierende Bilder des Werkes entstehen, ist dem Format der Aufsatzsammlung geschuldet.
Vilna on the Spree: Yiddish in Weimar Berlin
Authors: Estraikh Gennady
Published: December 2007

Yiddish-speakers, or Ostjuden (Eastern [European] Jews), who built a visible minority in the-turn-of-the-twentieth-century Berlin, usually migrated to the Kaiserreich capital from the then German territory of Posen (Poznan) as well as from Russian and Austro-Hungarian Poland. In Berlin, they would settle in the proletarian East of the city, most notably in the Scheunenviertel (Barn Quarter), the slum quarter »a few blocks northeast of Alexanderplatz, bounded by Linienstrasse to the north, Oranienburgerstrasse to the west and south and Landsberger Allee to the east.« The Scheunenviertel, however, never became a Jewish ghetto in the true sense of the word, because Ostjuden lived there together with other outsiders twice over – non-German and foreign-born. In addition, absorption of Jewish newcomers usually faced less problems in Berlin than, for example, in Vienna. Although thousands of full-bearded »caftan Jews« and their families never acquired assets for social mobility and stayed put in the Alexanderplatz area, many others would work their way up from the lowest rung on the social ladder and move to more elegant districts, including Charlottenburg, merging there with »real« Western Jews.
Friedrich Schiller, die Juden und das Judentum
Authors: Horch Hans Otto
Published: December 2007

Fest gemauert an den Herd is Unser Eebenche soo ror, Scholentessen, das was werth is, Soll drin morgen werren gor;

Schabbes eßt mer doch For die ganze Woch;

Drum loßt uns vor alle Sachen 'N gude, fette Kuggel machen.

Mit dieser Strophe beginnt Das Lied vun die Kuggel – eine jüdisch-deutsche Parodie auf Schillers Lied von der Glocke von einem gewissen S. N. Orhaphesoi, erschienen 1842. 1853 folgte ein Anonymus mit Das Lied vum Lockschen. Parodien, dies ist eine Voraussetzung der Gattung und ihrer Wirksamkeit, können nur entstehen, wenn der parodierte Text resp. Autor weitesten Kreisen bekannt ist. Dies war zweifellos bei Friedrich Schiller der Fall: er gehörte – hinter Lessing, aber vor Goethe – zu den von Juden am meisten verehrten klassischen Autoren, und zwar ganz unabhängig davon, wo sie lebten, welchen Bildungsgrad sie hatten oder welcher religiösen Richtung des Judentums sie angehörten. So hielten Samson Raphael Hirsch, Gabriel Riesser und Johann Jacoby 1859 Festansprachen zu Schillers 100. Geburtstag, im gleichen Jahr verwies Moritz Steinschneider auf Schillerspuren in der hebräischen und ›jüdisch-deutschen‹ Literatur. Freilich machten sich auch Antisemiten die parodistische Aneignung Schillers in jüdischem ›Jargon‹ zunutze, um die Schillerverehrung der Juden lächerlich zu machen; bekanntestes Beispiel hierfür ist der Schauspieler Albert Wurm.
»Wo das Wort versagt und das Denken scheitert«. Überlegungen zu Hannah Arendts Eichmann-Charakterisierung
Authors: Volk Christian
Published: December 2007

In der Rezeptionsgeschichte der Shoah nimmt Hannah Arendts »Eichmann in Jerusalem« eine einzigartige Stellung ein. Keiner Studie über die Shoah wurde auch nur annähernd eine vergleichbare Beachtung zu Teil. Nicht einmal die Verkaufszahlen von Daniel Goldhagens »Hitlers willige Vollstrecker« erreichen Arendts »Bericht von der Banalität des Bösen.« Dies mag sich zum großen Teil aus dem Aufschrei erklären, der bei Erscheinen ihres Prozessberichts gewaltig war. »Die Stadt [New York; C.V.]«, so William Shawn, damaliger Chefredakteur des »New Yorker«, »scheint kaum noch über etwas anderes zu reden.« Ganz abgesehen von den erdbebenartigen Reaktionen der jüdischen Organisationen und Gemeinden weltweit und der Attacke der westlichen Öffentlichkeit, zerbrachen nach Publikation des Eichmann-Buchs Hannah Arendts jahrelange Freundschaften u. a. mit Hans Jonas, Robert Weltsch und Kurt Blumenfeld. Entsprechend bezeichnete Anson Rabinbach die Kontroverse um Arendts Prozessbericht als den »bitterste[n] öffentliche[n] Disput unter Intellektuellen und Wissenschaftlern, der jemals über den Holocaust geführt« worden war. Wenngleich die Gründe hierfür äußerst zahlreich waren – sie kreisen um Arendts spezifische Beschreibung des Gerichtsverfahrens, ihre oftmals unklare Kritik an der Anklageschrift, ihre Polemiken gegen das Auftreten des Staatsanwalts Hausner, Arendts Tonfall, die vermeintliche »Verleumdung« des angesehenen Rabbiners Dr. Leo Baeck, ihre scharfe Anklage der Judenräte –, so entfachte sich der Sturm der Empörung in besonderem Maße an Arendts Charakterisierung des Angeklagten. Denn mit dem Untertitel des Buches »Ein Bericht von der Banalität des Bösen« positionierte sie sich explizit gegen die Verlautbarungen der Anklage und den unter nordamerikanischen Intellektuellen weit verbreiteten Standpunkt, bei Eichmann habe man es mit einem pathologischen Fall, einem ideologisch durch und durch überzeugten Mörder, einem Monster zu tun. Im Gegenteil: Die Prädisposition des modernen Menschen für den verwalteten Massenmord entspringt, so ihre herausfordernde und streitbare Behauptung, trivialen Quellen. Wie ist das zu verstehen?
Humanität als Priesterschaft: Der Gießener Rabbiner Dr. Benedikt Levi (1806–1899)
Authors: Wilke Carsten
Published: December 2007

Aus dem deutschen Reformjudentum des 19. Jahrhunderts wurde insbesondere die »wissenschaftliche« Strömung Abraham Geigers und Samuel Holdheims berühmt, die in Freiheit von politischen Rücksichten nach einer historisch-philologisch kohärent fundamentierten Theologie strebte. Von der Geschichtsschreibung weniger berücksichtigt, da konzeptuell schwieriger fassbar, blieb die sogenannte »gemäßigte« Reformtendenz derselben Epoche, die in pragmatischer Sicht nach einem modernistischen Kompromiss suchte, um den religiösen Zusammenhalt der vormodernen jüdischen Gemeinschaft auf einer neuen Basis wiederzuerschaffen. Ihre Formel einer Einheitsgemeinde mit Orgel schien für einige Jahrzehnte vielerorts der Verwirklichung nahe, bevor die orthodox-liberalen Gemeindespaltungen nach dem preußischen »Austrittsgesetz« von 1876 bewiesen, wie illusionär sie immer schon gewesen war.
Possessive bei Ereignis- und Zustandssubstantiven im Italienischen
Authors: Hölker Klaus
Published: December 2007

VI. Zusammenfassung

Der vorliegende Aufsatz versucht, alle zulässigen Interpretationen der Possessivrelation bei Eventualitätssubstantiven im Italienischen zu erfassen und zu erklären, warum bestimmte Alternativinterpretationen ausgeschlossen sind. Grundlage ist eine Klassifikation von Ereignissen und Zuständen nach ihrer thematischen und kausalen Struktur, eine Klassifikation, die wesentlichen Gebrauch von den Vendlerschen (1967) Zeitschemadifferenzierungen macht, die die traditionellen Aktionartunterscheidungen präzisieren (cf. Hölker 2001). Es zeigt sich jedoch, dass die relevante Klassifikation von Eventualitäten nicht der nach Zeitschemata entspricht. So gehören z.B. zu den komplexen Ereignissen Ausführungen und Umschwünge, aber nur solche Umschwünge, die auch einen ausgezeichneten Folgezustand haben. Auch Ausführungen sind mit einem solchen Folgezustand verbunden. Es ist der Bezug der entsprechenden Substantive auf einen solchen Zustand, der die objektive Interpretation von Possessiven bei diesen Substantiven möglich macht. Insofern spielen nicht nur Aspekt/Aktionsart eine Rolle für die Bestimmung der Possessivrelation bei Eventualitätssubstantiven, sondern vor allem bestimmte Beziehungen zwischen Eventualitäten, die als kausale Strukturen dargestellt wurden.

Unter Bezug auf die thematischen und kausalen Strukturen wurden zwei Beschränkungen formuliert. Die erste, die des Prominenzmaximums, basiert auf der Prominenzhierarchie der thematischen Rollen und regelt die subjektive Interpretation der Possessive. Die zweite, die der Rollenkonnexität, basiert auf der Interaktion zwischen thematischen und kausalen Strukturen und regelt vor allem die objektive Interpretation.
Radiochemical separation and analytical determination of 10Be from proton-irradiated graphite targets
Authors: Schumann Dorothea , Neuhausen Jörg , Horn Susanne , Kubik Peter W. , Günther-Leopold Ines
Published: December 2007

High-concentration samples of carrier-free 10Be (up to 1 μg 10Be per gram graphite) were separated from proton-irradiated graphite targets used at the meson production unit of the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI). 10Be concentrations were determined both with accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The analytical results from both methods are in good agreement. The highly enriched 10Be-samples will be used in scientific experiments relating to basic nuclear research and nuclear astrophysics in the framework of an international collaboration aimed to exploit accelerator waste material for scientific applications.
Extraction of Nb and Ta, homolgues of Db, from sulphuric acid solutions with TOA in toluene using SISAK
Authors: Zheng L. , Alstad J. , Bjørnstad T. , Polakova D. , Stavsetra L. , Omtvedt Jon Petter
Published: December 2007

Extractions of niobium and tantalum as homologues of dubnium (element 105) into tri-octylamine (TOA) in toluene from H2SO4and H2SO4/K2SO4solutions were performed to explore the possibilities of applying the automated on-line liquid–liquid extraction system SISAK to study chemical properties of dubnium in solutions. The results show that the extraction systems TOA/H2SO4and TOA/H2SO4+K2SO4are promising with respect to performing a study of Db with the SISAK system. Suggestions for performing a SISAK Db-experiment are presented. In batch experiments, Pa has also been investigated.
Electrowetting of Ionic Liquids under High Vacuum Conditions
Authors: Halka V. , Freyland Werner
Published: December 2007

Electrowetting of two imidazolium based ionic liquids, [C4mim][PF6] and [C6mim][NTf2], on different dielectric substrates, SiO2-Si and epoxide-Cu, has been studied at various temperatures and droplet radii R = 1–3 mm. To avoid the effect of adsorbed thin liquid films on the contact angle measurements and to resolve possible decomposition of the ionic liquids at high applied voltages we have performed the electrowetting experiments under ultra high vacuum conditions which is reported here for the first time. The electrowetting curves of both ionic liquids on both substrates exhibit a symmetrical, parabolic shape as a function of the applied dc-voltage. However, in comparison with aqueous and organic electrolytes saturation is reached at a lower variation of the contact angle. At saturation a clear decomposition of the ionic liquids sets in which is observed by the formation of large bubbles. Presumably, this is caused by electrical breakdown and the corresponding discharging. The decomposition products can strongly affect the interfacial tensions of the droplets what explains a pronounced contact angle hysteresis of ∼15°. The measured temperature dependence of the electrowetting curves is essentially determined by that of the liquid/vapor interfacial tension in accordance with the classical Young–Lippmann equation. Interpretation of the droplet size dependence of the electrowetting curves by the modified Young equation yields an apparent line tension of ∼10-5 N, which is comparable in magnitude to organic liquids.
Comparison of a VO
x
-TiO2 and a VO
x
/SbO
y
-TiO2 Industrial Catalyst in the Oxidative Scission of Methyl Ethyl Ketone and 2-Butanol to Acetic Acid
Authors: Suprun Wladimir Y. , Machold Thomas , Papp Helmut
Published: December 2007

The oxidative scission of methyl ethyl ketone and 2-butanol on a VO
x
-TiO2 and a VO
x
/SbO
y
-TiO2 catalyst was studied in the temperature range of 120 to 280°C in the presence of water vapour. The catalytic performance of the two catalysts was investigated by variation of reaction temperature and contact time, and the catalysts were characterized by BET, XRD, XPS, TPR-H2, TPD-NH3, and temperature programmed desorption of lattice oxygen (TPD-O2). The investigations indicate that the addition of Sb2O3 to VO
x
-TiO2 favours the selective formation of acetic acid and depresses total oxidation to CO
x
in the catalytic oxidation of methyl ethyl ketone and 2-butanol due to changes in the redox properties of the VO
x
-TiO2 system. Moreover, the higher acidity of the VO
x
-TiO2 catalyst favours the dehydration of 2-butanol to n-butenes.
Electronic States of the Ultramarine Chromophore S3
-
Authors: Linguerri Roberto , Komiha Najia , Fabian Jürgen , Rosmus Pavel
Published: December 2007

The potential energy surfaces and the spin–orbit couplings for states correlating with the lowest dissociation asymptote S2(X
3
Σ
-

g
) + S-(2
P) of the radical anion of thiozone have been calculated by full valence complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF), internally contracted multi-reference configuration interaction (IC-MRCI) and for some of the states also by restricted coupled cluster with perturbative triples (RCCSD(T)) ab initio methods. For six electronic states lying below the electron detachment threshold: X
2
B
1, A
2
B
2, B
2
A
1, C
2
A
2, 4
Σ

g

-, and the second 2
A
1, equilibrium geometries and harmonic wavenumbers are reported. For the ground state also anharmonic vibrational levels have been evaluated. Due to the intensity borrowing via vibronic coupling with the B
2
A
1 state also the dipole forbidden A–X transition becomes allowed in the Franck–Condon region of the UV spectrum. The C
2
A
2 state responsible for the blue color of ultramarine correlates adiabatically with the first dissociation asymptote S2(X
3
Σ
-

g
) + S-(2
P). Along the dissociation path the regions of vibronic and spin–orbit couplings were located. For the R
S2 - S larger than about 2.6Å the electron spin-states of the lowest dissociation asymptote are strongly mixed. The properties of the S3
- electronic states are compared with those of O3
-.
The epidemic of chronic kidney disease requires the estimation of glomerular filtration rate
Authors: Mátyus János , V. Oláh Anna , Ujhelyi László , Kárpáti István , Balla József
Published: December 2007

Az idült vesebetegség napjainkban népbetegséggé vált az atherogeneticus nephropathiák számának drámai megemelkedése miatt. A klasszikus vesetünetek hiánya miatt a betegséget legtöbbször csak az előrehaladott, súlyos vagy végstádiumú veseelégtelenség stádiumában ismerik fel, holott laboratóriumi vizsgálatokkal már jóval korábban diagnosztizálható lehetne. Ekkor már nem lehetséges a vesefunkció romlásának megállítása, a vesepótló kezelés elkerülése. Ugyanakkor az enyhe-mérsékelt súlyosságú idült vesebetegség is jelentősen fokozza, megsokszorozza az atherosclerosis kockázatát, így a betegek többsége cardiovascularis betegségekben meghal még a dialízis előtt. Ezek miatt a tünetmentes korai stádiumú vesebetegség szűrése alapvető fontosságú lenne. A glomerulus filtrációs ráta számítása segítheti leginkább a kórkép felismerését, a veseelégtelenség és cardiovascularis betegségek progressziójának csökkentését. A Magyar Nefrológiai Társaság és a Magyar Laboratóriumi és Diagnosztikai Társaság már 2005-ben javasolta a glomerulus filtrációs ráta laboratóriumokban történő kiszámítását és az eredmény automatikus közlését minden egyes szérumkreatinin vizsgálatakor. Ezt a gyakorlatot az országban már egyre több laboratórium alkalmazza. A jelen összefoglaló a számított glomerulus filtrációs ráta alkalmazásában, értékelésében kíván segítséget nyújtani.
Vibration behavior of long shape vegetables
Authors: Zsom-Muha Viktoria , Felfödi József
Published: December 2007

The acoustic response method is one of the most important dynamic methods used for assessment of the mechanical texture of different fruits and vegetables. The method is based on the mechanical excitation of the sample and the assessment of its resonant frequency. Different approaches are known for the interpretation of the vibration behavior of the samples having definite shapes. According to the most widely used interpretation, the stiffness of the sample (
s
) is dependent on the resonant frequency (
f
) and the mass (
m
) of the sample. The aim was to extend the acoustic response method to typically non-spherical samples (carrot, cucumber, etc.) to find a correct interpretation of the behavior of the sample and to introduce a stiffness coefficient suitable for characterization of the mechanical properties of a long shaped sample. According to Finite Element Modeling and experimental tests on carrot samples a close correlation was found between the resonant frequency and the effective length of the sample in a given shape range. A principally new stiffness coefficient was proposed for long shaped samples. It was found to be suitable for the characterization of the hardness of the vegetables in a wide size range.
Application of enamel-coating for draught reduction of a mouldboard plough
Authors: Loukanov Ivan , Uziak Jacek
Published: December 2007

The effect of enamel-coating on the draught performance of an animal-drawn mouldboard plough was studied. A single furrow swing mouldboard plough-Maun Series, and the same type enamel-coated plough both ox-drawn, are compared under similar working conditions such as soil moisture content, depth and width of cut and approximately constant speed of ploughing. It was found that the enamel-coating reduces both the plough draught and the specific draught. The percentage reduction of the plough draught for enamel-coated plough compared to uncoated plough varied from 12.7% at 25% soil moisture content to 18.1% at 32% soil moisture content (dry basis). It was also found that the percentage reduction of the specific draught achieved with the enamel-coated plough in comparison with the uncoated plough varied from 20.3% at 32% soil moisture content to 25.7% at 25% soil moisture content (dry basis).
Lateral Exchange of Larval Fish between a Restored Backwater and a Large River in the East‐Central USA
Authors: Csoboth Laura A. , Garvey James E.
Published: January 2008

Exchange of larval fish between a river's main channel and its floodplain backwaters is compromised by sedimentation. Restoration projects to reduce sediment loading are being implemented in large rivers of the midwestern United States to curb backwater habitat loss and restore backwater‐to‐river connectivity. During 2004 and 2005, drift nets were set bidirectionally (with and against the flow) within a constructed channel between the Illinois River and an adjacent, 1,100‐ha restored backwater, Swan Lake, to investigate the interplay between life history strategies and lateral drift on a diel and seasonal basis. Ambient larval density and species composition within the river and backwater also were quantified. Drift was positively correlated with water velocity in the main stem during 2004, and an estimated 32.3 × 106 larvae drifted at the surface of the channel into Swan Lake. In the absence of a flood in 2005, the density and composition of the larval fish assemblage in Swan Lake and the Illinois River appeared to drive larval drift timing, magnitude, and composition. Swan Lake's restoration has maintained some river connectivity and lateral drift functionality for resident fish, but its functionality compared with natural, connected river‐backwater systems remains unknown.
Assistência democrática e democracias assistenciais
Authors: Tronto Joan
Published: January 2008

O propósito do cuidado deve ser tornar a sociedade a mais democrática possível, porém muitas relações de cuidado não são relações de igualdade. Neste artigo, a autora apresenta o esboço de algumas realidades que desafiam as instituições sociais e políticas vinculadas ao cuidado.
Quality of Anticoagulation Care in Patients Discharged from a Pharmacist‐Managed Anticoagulation Clinic After Stabilization of Warfarin Therapy
Authors: Garwood Candice L. , Dumo Peter , Baringhaus Stephanie N. , Laban Kristyn M.
Published: December 2007

Study Objective. To determine if transitioning patients from a pharmacist‐managed anticoagulation clinic after stabilization of warfarin therapy to physician‐managed care alters the quality of anticoagulation care.

Design. Retrospective medical record review.

Setting. Pharmacist‐managed, urban academic medical center‐based outpatient anticoagulation clinic.

Patients. Forty patients who were stabilized on warfarin therapy.

Measurements and Main Results. Quality of anticoagulation care was measured by percentage of international normalized ratios (INRs) in target range, anticoagulation‐related health care visits, and responses to satisfaction surveys. A significant decrease in anticoagulation control was observed on transition to physician‐managed care. Before transition, 76% of all INRs were in target range versus 48% after transition (p<0.0001, χ2 test). When performing paired analysis, a median 75% of each patient's INRs were therapeutic before transition compared with 36.5% after (p<0.0001, Wilcoxon signed rank test). Thirty‐two percent of first INR values measured after transition from the clinic were in target range, and the median time to first follow‐up INR was 41 days. The number of INR values above 4.5 and below 1.5 increased significantly after transition from the anticoagulation clinic (p<0.0001 and p=0.01, respectively, χ2 test). Before transition from the anticoagulation clinic, two anticoagulation‐related emergency department visits were reported in one patient. After transition, 13 cases of additional medical care were reported among seven patients; seven of the 13 cases required an office visit with the physician, and six resulted in emergency room evaluation. None of these cases resulted in hospitalization. Patient satisfaction with clinical care provided by the anticoagulation clinic was significantly higher before transition.

Conclusion. Transition of patients from a pharmacist‐managed anticoagulation clinic back to physician‐managed anticoagulation care after stabilization of warfarin therapy was associated with a significant decrease in INR control, increased medical care related to anticoagulation, and decreased patient satisfaction.
The identity ofGastrochaena cuneiformisSpengler, 1783, and the evolution ofGastrochaena, Rocellaria, andLamychaena(Mollusca, Bivalvia, Gastrochaenoidea)
Authors: Carter Joseph G. , McDowell Trent , Namboodiri Naveen
Published: December 2007

The specimens ofGastrochaena cuneiformisSpengler, 1783, with Spengler-written labels at the Zoologisk Museum, Copenhagen, did not come from Spengler's type locality in the Nicobar Islands, and may instead be syntypes of Chemnitz's (1788) West Indies“Pholas hians”.the identity ofGastrochaena cuneiformisas a senior synonym ofGastrochaena gigantea(Deshayes, 1830) is established on the basis of Spengler's original descriptions and illustrations, and by examination of specimens from the type locality. A neotype forG. cuneiformisis designated and illustrated, and its genus is revised to excludeRocellariaBlainville, 1829, andLamychaenaFreneixinFreneix and Roman, 1979.GastrochaenaSpengler, 1783 is the most plesiomorphic of these three genera, as shown by its simple boring, short siphons, and diffuse, poorly differentiated anterior pedal muscles.Rocellariaevolved from a close common ancestor withGastrochaena, and is characterized by a ventral shift and fusion of the posteroventral pallial sinus with the posteroventral pallial band, low, irregular posterior commarginal lamellae, and well defined anterior pedal retractor muscles generally supported by myophores.Lamychaenaevolved fromRocellariaduring the Oligocene, extending its ctenidia far posterior into the siphonal part of the boring, and, in some species, uniting its anterior pedal retractor and protractor muscles as they approach the byssus apparatus.
Three new species of the Hettangian (Early Jurassic) ammoniteSunrisitesfrom British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Longridge L. M. , Smith P. L. , Pálfy J. , Tipper H. W.
Published: December 2007

Most species of the middle and late Hettangian psiloceratid genusSunrisitesare endemic to the eastern Pacific, where they are common members of ammonoid assemblages. the Taseko Lakes map area in British Columbia yields diverse and well-preservedSunrisitesfaunas which are formally described here for the first time. Three new species are recognized,S. brimblecombei, S. chilcotinensis, andS. senililevis.the new species require an extension of the morphological range of the genus to include forms that become moderately involute at large shell diameters. Signs of sexual dimorphism are apparent within all three new species ofSunrisites.This work extends the stratigraphic range ofSunrisitesto include the latest Hettangian Rursicostatum Zone in North America. The distribution ofSunrisitessuggests that the Hispanic Corridor, which linked the western Tethyan Ocean and the eastern Pacific, may have been open during the Hettangian. Furthermore, occurrences of the genus constrain the Hettangian position of several allochthonous terranes to the northeastern Pacific.
Glucocorticoid repression of human with-no-lysine (K) kinase-4 gene expression is mediated by the negative response elements in the promoter
Authors: Li Chunyi , Li Yan , Li Yinghui , Liu Hong , Sun Zhijun , Lu Jingyu , Zhao Yanyan
Published: December 2007

With-no-lysine (K) kinase-4 (WNK4) is a serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in the regulation of fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. The effects of glucocorticoids, key physiological regulators, on the WNK4 gene expression are still unknown. Here, we used dexamethasone (Dex) to treat the human embryo kidney 293 (HEK293) cells and found a decrease of human WNK4 (hWNK4) mRNA level by northern blot and real-time quantitative PCR. After an hWNK4 transcriptional initiation site was located by 5′ rapid amplification of cDNA end assay, a series of 5′-deleted hWNK4 promoter–luciferase constructs were generated by PCR. Transfection of these constructs in COS-7 and HEK293 cells revealed that Dex inhibited the hWNK4 transcriptional activity in glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-dependent pattern. Two negative glucocorticoid response elements (nGREs) were identified at −285 and −337 of the hWNK4 gene promoter and the GR binding activity to them was increased by Dex as shown by electrophoretic mobility shift assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation. In summary, these data demonstrated that hWNK4 was a new glucocorticoid-regulated gene whose expression was inhibited through the interaction of GR with nGREs in the promoter region.
FURTHER ANALYSIS OF THE MATCHING LAW TO DESCRIBE TWO‐ AND THREE‐POINT SHOT ALLOCATION BY PROFESSIONAL BASKETBALL PLAYERS
Authors: Romanowich Paul , Bourret Jason , Vollmer Timothy R.
Published: December 2007

The matching law was used to analyze whether the proportion of shots taken from two‐ or three‐point range would match the proportional reinforcement rates produced by those shots when the reinforcement rate of three‐point shooting was changed. Rule changes in 1994 and 1997 altered the distance of the three‐point line in the National Basketball Association, which created a quasiexperimental reversal design, thereby naturally changing three‐point reinforcement rates. The present data partially confirmed predictions made by the matching law, in that increases in the relative rate of three‐point shots attempted corresponded to increases in the relative rate of three‐point shots made.
EFFECTS OF ANTECEDENT VARIABLES ON DISRUPTIVE BEHAVIOR AND ACCURATE RESPONDING IN YOUNG CHILDREN IN OUTPATIENT SETTINGS
Authors: Boelter Eric W. , Wacker David P. , Call Nathan A. , Ringdahl Joel E. , Kopelman Todd , Gardner Andrew W.
Published: December 2007

The effects of manipulations of task variables on inaccurate responding and disruption were investigated with 3 children who engaged in noncompliance. With 2 children in an outpatient clinic, task directives were first manipulated to identify directives that guided accurate responding; then, additional dimensions of the task were manipulated to evaluate their influence on disruptive behavior. With a 3rd child, similar procedures were employed at school. Results showed one‐step directives set the occasion for accurate responding and that other dimensions of the task (e.g., preference) functioned as motivating operations for negative reinforcement.
Providing Shelter to Nursing Home Evacuees in Disasters: Lessons From Hurricane Katrina
Authors: Laditka Sarah B. , Laditka James N. , Xirasagar Sudha , Cornman Carol B. , Davis Courtney B. , Richter Jane V.E.
Published: January 2008

Objectives. We examined nursing home preparedness needs by studying the experiences of nursing homes that sheltered evacuees from Hurricane Katrina.

Methods. Five weeks after Hurricane Katrina, and again 15 weeks later, we conducted interviews with administrators of 14 nursing homes that sheltered 458 evacuees in 4 states. Nine weeks after Katrina, we conducted site visits to 4 nursing homes and interviewed 4 administrators and 38 staff members. We used grounded theory analysis to identify major themes and thematic analysis to organize content.

Results. Although most sheltering facilities were well prepared for emergency triage and treatment, we identified some major preparedness shortcomings. Nursing homes were not included in community planning or recognized as community health care resources. Supplies and medications were inadequate, and there was insufficient communication and information about evacuees provided by evacuating nursing homes to sheltering nursing homes. Residents and staff had notable mental health–related needs after 5 months, and maintaining adequate staffing was a challenge.

Conclusions. Nursing homes should develop and practice procedures to shelter and provide long-term access to mental health services following a disaster. Nursing homes should be integrated into community disaster planning and be classified in an emergency priority category similar to hospitals.
US Public Health Agency Involvement in Youth-Focused Illicit Drug Policy, Planning, and Prevention at the Local Level, 1999–2003
Authors: McBride Duane C. , Terry-McElrath Yvonne M. , VanderWaal Curtis J. , Chriqui Jamie F. , Myllyluoma Jana
Published: January 2008

Objectives. We examined local public health agencies’ involvement in community illicit drug policy advocacy and provision related to youths to determine the extent to which public health agencies were involved in local drug policy activities and could potentially provide an infrastructure for policy alternatives.

Methods. We conducted telephone interviews from 1999 to 2003 with 1793 US public health agencies in 804 communities surrounding schools participating in the Monitoring the Future study. Respondents reported public health agency planning, priorities, and involvement in alternative drug policy advocacy and prevention activities. We examined results for variance by site sociodemographic characteristics.

Results. Most students lived where public health agencies provided resources for community- and school-based drug use prevention. More than one third resided where public health agencies advocated for drug policy alternatives and more than one quarter where public health agencies were involved in juvenile drug court programs. Such activities were significantly higher in urban communities, in the West, and in sites where the proportion of African Americans was above the national average.

Conclusions. Although local public health agencies could increase participation levels in drug policy alternatives, current involvement suggests that agencies may provide a base for supporting the development of public health alternatives to deterrence-based drug policies. Such a base may be more likely in communities with the highest need for such policies and services.
Young Citizens as Health Agents: Use of Drama in Promoting Community Efficacy for HIV/AIDS
Authors: Kamo Norifumi , Carlson Mary , Brennan Robert T. , Earls Felton
Published: January 2008

A community-based cluster randomized control trial in a medium-sized municipality in Tanzania was designed to increase local competence to control HIV/AIDS through actions initiated by children and adolescents aged 10 to 14 years. Representative groups from the 15 treatment communities reached mutual understanding about their objectives as health agents, prioritized their actions, and skillfully applied community drama (“skits”) to impart knowledge about the social realities and the microbiology of HIV/AIDS. In independently conducted surveys of neighborhood residents, differences were found between adults who did and did not witness the skits in their beliefs about the efficacy of children as HIV/AIDS primary change agents.
Alkaline-Surfactant-Polymer Flood of the Tanner Field
Authors: Pitts M. J. , Dowling P. , Wyatt K. , Surkalo H. , Adams C.
Published: December 2007

An alkaline-surfactant-polymer flood was implemented in the Tanner Field, Campbell County, WY, after waterflooding to a 43% oil cut. Tanner is a Minnelusa B sand with one injection well and two production wells. Primary production began in April 1991 with a waterflood starting in October 1997. Peak waterflood production reached 19,000 bbls oil per month in February 1999. Waterflood continued through April 2000 at which time oil production had declined to 9,500 oil bbls per month at an oil cut of 43%. In May 2000, an alkaline-surfactant-polymer solution was injected. A solution of 1.0 wt% sodium hydroxide plus 0.1 wt% active ORS-41HF plus 1000 mg/L Alcoflood 1275A dissolved in Fox Hills water was injected through January 2005. A tapered concentration polymer drive began in February 2005. Oil recovery through December 2005 is 1,013,944 bbls from the total field and 874,490 bbls from the floodable pore volume or 44% OOIP. Incremental oil to date is 199,670 bbls or 10% OOIP. Projected ultimate oil recovery is 65% OOIP. Ultimate waterflood oil recovery was calculated to be 48% OOIP. This paper will discuss all aspects of alkaline-surfactant-polymer flood implementation from the laboratory evaluations to the field.
Optimization of the WAG Process Under Uncertainty in a Smart Wells Environment: Utility Theory Approach
Authors: Esmaiel T. E. H. , Heeremans J. C.
Published: December 2007

Smart well technology has progressed significantly over the last few years. Earlier research1,2 has concentrated on the application of the technology to secondary recovery. More recent studies3,4,16 have aimed to advance the technical application to tertiary recovery concentrating on WAG processes. A utility theory approach to valuing information and risk attitude is used in this study.

Incorporating the economics into the decision making process and taking into account risk attitude complicates the decision making process. Earlier the goal was optimization of the global sweep efficiency under economic constraints through the control of the injection size of each slug, the controlled injection rate of each well, the injection location along the wellbore, and the production rates and locations. The control parameters stay the same but the goal is a risk based optimization of the project economics. Traditional real options based approach requires a normal distribution of outcomes which was not found to be true in this study. Therefore a utility theory approach is used to incorporate risk attitude.

The WAG process is sensitive to reservoir, fluid, and economic parameters which justify the need to quantify the uncertainty in production economics and associated risk. Gradients are determined from the proxy model. The gradients provide optimal control settings for the injection and production settings. This study demonstrates the feasibility of creating a response surface proxy model, using experimental design and analysis, to facilitate Monte Carlo simulation, uncertainty analysis and optimization of the expected value utility. The proxy model is orders of magnitude faster allowing a statistical analysis of the uncertainty, value of information, value of flexibility and associated risk. Results on this model show significant improvements over an uncontrolled WAG production and the ability to incorporate risk attitude into the optimization process.
Rig Automation—Altering the Visage of the Oil Industry
Authors: Gupta Siddhartha
Published: December 2007

The most important and effective industry response to date has been to replace humans working in most treacherous areas with machines. Automobile industry added robotic arms in the production line long ago. In the oil industry, oil and gas drilling and completion operations, like automobile assembly line work, also used a great deal of repetitive motion that could be automated. Rig automation has the sole purpose to enhance safety and efficiency. Modularized rigs in terms of both hardware and software changes the interaction between rig personnel and equipment. Remote monitoring of this system makes this interaction more seamless. This technology transforms the drilling procedure from reactive to proactive thus saving downtime and reducing maintenance. But case studies have shown that this system is vulnerable to potential errors and can cause accidents unless overridden manually. When the pipe buckles downhole and the hole collapses as result of impact then drilling has to be seized. Can automation handle this? Sometimes there is unwanted deviation in the well path. How can automation counteract this? This paper discusses the pros of the technology not overlooking the cons.
Identification and Evaluation of High-Performance EOR Surfactants
Authors: Levitt D. B. , Jackson A. C. , Heinson C. , Britton L. N. , Malik T. , Dwarakanath V. , Pope G. A.
Published: December 2007

We report results for a number of promising EOR surfactants based upon a fast, low-cost laboratory screening process that is highly effective in selecting the best surfactants to use with different crude oils. Initial selection of surfactants is based upon desirable surfactant structure. Phase behavior screening helps to quickly identify favorable surfactant formulations. Salinity scans are conducted to observe equilibration times, microemulsion viscosity, oil and water solubilization ratios and interfacial tension. Co-surfactants and co-solvents are included to minimize gels, liquid crystals and macroemulsions and to promote rapid equilibration to low-viscosity microemulsions. Branched alcohol propoxy sulfates, internal olefin sulfonates, and branched alpha olefin sulfonates have been identified as good EOR surfactants using this screening process. These surfactants are available at low cost and are compatible with both polymers and alkali such as sodium carbonate and thus are good candidates for both surfactant- polymer and alkali-surfactant-polymer EOR processes. One of the best formulations was tested in both sandstone and dolomite cores and found to give excellent oil recovery and low surfactant retention.
First Field Results for Extended-Reach CT-Drilling Tool
Authors: Dagestad V. , Mykkeltvedt M. , Eide K. , Reimers N.
Published: December 2007

Coiled tubing conveyed drilling and milling operations have over the last years been improved by several new inventions. One such invention is the Anti Stall Tool (AST). The Anti Stall Tool controls the force applied to the bit relative to torsion and prevents the bit from stalling under load. This way the AST technology provides improved operational flexibility and tolerance for abrupt weight transfer typical for operations in extended reach and high angle wells.

Statoil has conducted a qualification program involving the new invention and has found it to meet the objective of significantly reduced stall-outs. Additional advantages are improved bit and motor life and fast penetration. The AST is now in the early commercial stage with 8 field operations on the record and toolsizes ranging from 3" up to 4 ¾" OD. This document summarises the findings from the qualification program and the first field operations.
Application of SmartWell Technology to the SACROC CO2 EOR Project: A Case Study
Authors: Brnak J. , Petrich B. , Konopczynski M. R.
Published: December 2007

This paper describes a case study of the application of smart field technologies to the SACROC Unit Carbon dioxide Enhanced Oil Recovery (CO2-EOR) project in Scurry County, Texas. A five-well pilot project was implemented in early 2005 to demonstrate the ability of intelligent well down-hole flow control valves to restrict or isolate the production of CO2 from breakthrough zones in production wells and to control the distribution of CO2 injection in injection wells. The objective is to reduce unnecessary cycling of CO2 between injectors and producers, improve sweep efficiency, increase oil production and improve ultimate oil reserve recovery. This is done with cost effective, fit-for-purpose intelligent well systems.

The intelligent well technologies and work processes described in this paper are applicable to all EOR/IOR field development plans, and in particular to CO2 WAG developments. The intelligent well technologies as used in this example are applicable to layered, compartmentalized and complex reservoirs, in particular for patterned secondary and tertiary flood processes.

Initial results show the CO2 production can be significantly reduced while maintaining economic oil production. The intelligent well equipment also allows selective testing and stimulation of zones within a well without slick line and electric line (e-line) intervention.
Discovering and Developing a Deep Jurassic Play in the Mature Western Desert, Abu Gharadig Basin, Egypt
Authors: Strating E. H. H. , Franssen R. C. M. W.
Published: December 2007

The Abu Gharadig Basin in the Western Desert (NW Egypt) is a mature hydrocarbon province with over 95% of the oil and gas fields in the Upper Cretaceous Abu Roash, Bahariyah and Kharita sandstone reservoirs. Many wells had penetrated the thick Lower Cretaceous Alam el Bueib sandstone reservoir but no significant discoveries were made. This led most operators to believe that there was very little prospectivity at deeper levels, in particular in the Jurassic Safa sandstones overlying the Palaeozoic basement.

Shell acquired the North-East Abu Gharadig (NEAG) Basin Exploration License of almost 10,000 km2 in 1996 with parts covering a proven structural trend with several Upper Cretaceous opportunities. Information of existing wells in the concession also indicated the presence of Jurassic reservoir/seal pairs underpinned by oil shows.

After a disappointing initial exploration campaign focusing on Cretaceous targets, Shell shifted focus to the Jurassic play. In 2002, the JG-1 exploration well found 6 m of light oil pay in Lower Safa sands at 3,200 m depth and proved commercial flow rates. Five additional appraisal/development wells and 3D seismic have outlined an oil-rim field in a fault-bounded, compartmentalised, dip-closure with significant lateral variation in reservoir quality/distribution. The field is currently producing at rates of 30 MMscf/d and 5,000 bbl/d under primary gas cap expansion drive.

Based on the commercial success of the JG discovery further exploration activity in the Abu Gharadig Basin continues to focus on the Jurassic play which has larger volume potential than the traditional Upper Cretaceous plays.

The presentation will cover the exploration strategy, the discovery and early development of the JG field and the JG field development plan.

The story of the NEAG concession demonstrates that lucrative opportunities in mature basins remain if comprehensive data analysis is combined with creative thinking and perseverance.