bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrating the tumor-suppressive activity of Maspin with p53 in retuning the epithelial homeostasis: A working hypothesis and applicable prospects
Authors: Tang Sijie , Ling Zhongli , Jiang Jiajia , Gu Xiang , Leng Yuzhong , Wei Chaohui , Cheng Huiying , Li Xiaohua
Published: November 2022

Epithelial malignant transformation and tumorous development were believed to be closely associated with the loss of its microenvironment integrity and homeostasis. The tumor-suppressive molecules Maspin and p53 were demonstrated to play a crucial role in body epithelial and immune homeostasis. Downregulation of Maspin and mutation of p53 were frequently associated with malignant transformation and poor prognosis in various human cancers. In this review, we focused on summarizing the progress of the molecular network of Maspin in studying epithelial tumorous development and its response to clinic treatment and try to clarify the underlying antitumor mechanism. Notably, Maspin expression was reported to be transcriptionally activated by p53, and the transcriptional activity of p53 was demonstrated to be enhanced by its acetylation through inhibition of HDAC1. As an endogenous inhibitor of HDAC1, Maspin possibly potentiates the transcriptional activity of p53 by acetylating the p53 protein. Hereby, it could form a “self-propelling” antitumor mechanism. Thus, we summarized that, upon stimulation of cellular stress and by integrating with p53, the aroused Maspin played the epigenetic surveillant role to prevent the epithelial digressional process and retune the epithelial homeostasis, which is involved in activating host immune surveillance, regulating the inflammatory factors, and fine-tuning its associated cell signaling pathways. Consequentially, in a normal physiological condition, activation of the above “self-propelling” antitumor mechanism of Maspin and p53 could reduce cellular stress (e.g., chronic infection/inflammation, oxidative stress, transformation) effectively and achieve cancer prevention. Meanwhile, designing a strategy of mimicking Maspin’s epigenetic regulation activity with integrating p53 tumor-suppressive activity could enhance the chemotherapy efficacy theoretically in a pathological condition of cancer.
Vemurafenib inhibits immune escape biomarker BCL2A1 by targeting PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to suppress breast cancer
Authors: Dai Yalan , Yang Liqiong , Sakandar Abass , Zhang Duoli , Du Fukuan , Zhang Xinyi , Zou Linglin , Zhao Yueshui , Wang Jigang , Zhang Zhenhua , Wu Xu , Li Mingxing , Ling Xiao , Yu Lei , Dong Lishu , Shen Jing , Xiao Zhangang , Wen Qinglian
Published: November 2022

Objectives

To investigate the role of immune escape encoding genes on the prognosis of BC, and to predict the novel targeting agents.

Methods

Human immune genes and immune escape encoding genes were obtained from the IMMPORT database and the previous study. Sample information and clinical data on BC were obtained from the TCGA and GTEX databases. Obtaining differentially expressed protein data from cBioportal database. To construct a risk score model by lasso analysis, and nomogram was used to predict score core. GSCA, TIMER and CELLMINER databases were used for immune and drug susceptibility correlation analyses. Cell experiments were verified by MTT, Western blotting, and RT-qPCR.

Results

We found prognostic models consisting of eleven immune escape related protein-coding genes with ROC curves that performed well in the ontology data (AUC for TCGA is 0.672) and the external data (AUC for GSE20685 is 0.663 and for GES42568 is 0.706). Five core prognostic models are related to survival (EIF4EBP1, BCL2A1, NDRG1, ERRFI1 and BRD4) were summarized, and a nomogram was constructed to validate a C-index of 0.695, which was superior to other prognostic models. Relevant drugs targeting core genes were identified based on drug sensitivity analysis, and found that Vemurafenib downregulates the PI3K-AKT pathway and BCL2A1 protein in BC, as confirmed by external data and cellular assays.

Conclusions

Briefly, our work establishes and validates an 11-immune escape risk model, and five core prognostic factors that are mined deeply from this model, and elucidates in detail that Vemurafenib suppresses breast cancer by targeting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to inhibit the immune escape biomarker BCL2A1, confirms the validity of the prognostic model, and provides corresponding targeted agents to guide individualized treatment of BC patients.
Glucose transporters GLUT1, GLUT3, and GLUT4 have different effects on osteoblast proliferation and metabolism
Authors: Arponen Milja , Jalava Niki , Widjaja Nicko , Ivaska Kaisa K.
Published: November 2022

Bone is an active tissue that undergoes constant remodeling. Bone formation requires energy and one of the energy sources of bone-forming osteoblasts is glucose, which is transported inside the cells via glucose transporters. However, the role of class I glucose transporters in the differentiation and metabolism of osteoblasts and their precursors, bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) remains inconclusive. Our aim was to characterize the expression and contribution of main class I glucose transporters, GLUT1, GLUT3, and GLUT4, during osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. To investigate the role of each GLUT, we downregulated GLUTs with siRNA technology in primary rat BMSCs. Live-cell imaging and RNA-seq analysis was used to evaluate downstream pathways in silenced osteoblasts. Glucose transporters GLUT1, GLUT3, and GLUT4 had distinct expression patterns in osteoblasts. GLUT1 was abundant in BMSCs, but rapidly and significantly downregulated during osteoblast differentiation by up to 80% (p < 0.001). Similar downregulation was observed for GLUT4 (p < 0.001). In contrast, expression levels of GLUT3 remained stable during differentiation. Osteoblasts lacked GLUT2. Silencing of GLUT4 resulted in a significant decrease in proliferation and differentiation of preosteoblasts (p < 0.001) and several pathways related to carbohydrate metabolism and cell signaling were suppressed. However, silencing of GLUT3 resulted in increased proliferation (p < 0.001), despite suppression of several pathways involved in cellular metabolism, biosynthesis and actin organization. Silencing of GLUT1 had no effect on proliferation and less changes in the transcriptome. RNA-seq dataset further revealed that osteoblasts express also class II and III glucose transporters, except for GLUT7. In conclusion, GLUT1, -3 and -4 may all contribute to glucose uptake in differentiating osteoblasts. GLUT4 expression was clearly required for osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. GLUT1 appears to be abundant in early precursors, but stable expression of GLUT3 suggest also a role for GLUT3 in osteoblasts. Presence of other GLUT members may further contribute to fine-tuning of glucose uptake. Together, glucose uptake in osteoblast lineage appears to rely on several glucose transporters to ensure sufficient energy for new bone formation.
Effects of green manure planting mode on the quality of Korla fragrant pears (Pyrus sinkiangensis Yu)
Authors: Han Sujian , Zhao Jinfei , Liu Yang , Xi Linqiao , Liao Jiean , Liu Xinying , Su Guangdong
Published: November 2022

In this study, a three-year experiment on the fragrant pear orchard was conducted to investigate the effects of different varieties of green manure on the Korla fragrant pear fruit quality, with a view to finding a suitable green manure planting mode for Korla fragrant pear orchard. Green manures were planted in spaces among rows of pear trees, and then smashed and pressed into the soil as fertilisers by the agricultural machinery equipment in their full bloom period. In the experiment, four planting modes of green manure had been set for comparison: SA: Leguminosae green manures alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), SP: Poaceae green manures oats (Avena sativa L.), ST: Cruciferae green manures oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.), and S: orchard authigenic green manures (Chenopodium album L., Mulgedium tataricum (L) DC., and Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.). Apart from that, eleven fruit quality indicators were analyzed to evaluating the effects of different green manure planting mode on the quality of fragrant pear. According to analysis of variance (ANOVA) results, there were significant differences among four planting modes in terms of nine fruit quality indicators (P<0.05). In addition, the correlation analysis (CA) results revealed that there were different degrees of correlations among quality indicators. On this basis, repeated information among indicators was eliminated by principal component analysis (PCA), thus simplifying and recombining the three principal components. All in all, these three principal components reflect appearance traits, internal nutritive value and taste of fruits, respectively. Specifically, SA significantly improved the internal quality and nutritive value of fruits, SP improved the physical traits of fruits, and ST significantly improved the taste of fruits. Based on the PCA results, a comprehensive evaluation model of fruit quality was constructed. The are comprehensive fruit quality scores:SA>SP>ST>S.
Metabolome and transcriptome associated analysis of sesquiterpenoid metabolism in Nardostachys jatamansi
Authors: Feng Mingkang , Chen Chen , Qu-Bie Junzhang , Qu-Bie Axiang , Bao Xiaoming , Cui Qi , Yan Xinjia , Li Ying , Liu Yuan , Zhang Shaoshan
Published: November 2022

Background

Nardostachys jatamansi, an extremely endangered valuable plant of the alpine Himalayas, can synthesize specific sesquiterpenoids with multiple effective therapies and is widely exploited for the preparation of drugs, cosmetics and even religious functions (e.g., well-known spikenard). However, how accumulation trend of the sesquiterpenoids in tissues and the molecular mechanisms underlying the production of the active ingredients are not well understood.

Methods

The single-molecule real-time (SMRT) and RNA-seq transcriptome sequencing were combined to analyse the roots, rhizomes, leaves, flowers and anthocaulus of N. jatamansi. The phytochemical analysis was performed by gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry (GC‒MS) and ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC).

Results

A high-quality full-length reference transcriptome with 26,503 unigenes was generated for the first time. For volatile components, a total of sixty-five compounds were successfully identified, including fifty sesquiterpenoids. Their accumulation levels in five tissues were significantly varied, and most of the sesquiterpenoids were mainly enriched in roots and rhizomes. In addition, five aromatic compounds were only detected in flowers, which may help the plant attract insects for pollination. For nonvolatile ingredients, nardosinone-type sesquiterpenoids (nardosinone, kanshone C, and isonardosinone) were detected almost exclusively in roots and rhizomes. The candidate genes associated with sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis were identified by transcriptome analysis. Consistently, it was found that most biosynthesis genes were abundantly expressed in the roots and rhizomes according to the functional enrichment and expression patterns results. There was a positive correlation between the expression profile of genes related to the biosynthesis and the accumulation level of sesquiterpenoids in tissues. Gene family function analysis identified 28 NjTPSs and 43 NjCYPs that may be involved in the biosynthesis of the corresponding sesquiterpenoids. Furthermore, gene family functional analysis and gene coexpression network analysis revealed 28 NjTPSs and 43 NjCYPs associated with nardosinone-type sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis.

Conclusion

Our research results reveal the framework of sesquiterpenoids accumulation and biosynthesis in plant tissues and provide valuable support for further studies to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of sesquiterpenoid regulation and accumulation in N. jatamansi and will also contribute to the comprehensive utilization of this alpine plant.
Bio-fabrication of Zinc Oxide nanoparticles to rescue Mung Bean against Cercospora leaf spot disease
Authors: Rafiq Hamza , Aftab Zill-e-Huma , Anjum Tehmina , Ali Basharat , Akram Waheed , Bashir Uzma , Mirza Faisal Shafiq , Aftab Muzammil , Ali Muhammad Danish , Li Guihua
Published: November 2022

Plant disease management using nanotechnology is evolving continuously across the world. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of different concentrations of green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using Trachyspermum ammi seed extract on Cercospora leaf spot disease in mung bean plants under in-vitro and in-planta conditions. Additionally, the effects on mung bean agronomic and physiological parameters were also assessed. The green synthesized ZnO NPs were characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Green synthesized NPs were tested for their ability to inhibit fungal growth at five different concentrations under in-vitro experiment. After 7 days of inoculation, ZnO NPs (1200 ppm) inhibited mycelial growth substantially (89.86% ± 0.70). The in-planta experiment showed statistically significant result of disease control (30% ± 11.54) in response to 1200 ppm ZnO NPs. The same treatment showed statistically significant improvements in shoot length, root length, number of leaves, number of pods, shoot fresh weight (28.62%), shoot dry weight (85.18%), root fresh weight (38.88%), and root dry weight (38.88%) compared to the control. Our findings show that green synthesized ZnO NPs can control Cercospora canescens in mung bean, pointing to their use in plant disease control and growth enhancement.
Widely targeted metabolomics analysis reveals the mechanism of quality improvement of flue-cured tobacco
Authors: Meng Lin , Song Wenjing , Chen Shuaiwei , Hu Fengqin , Pang Bingwen , Cheng Junjie , He Bing , Sun Fushan
Published: November 2022

Flue-curing of top leaves with stems is a widely applied curing technology. Owing to the presence of stems, the quality of flue-cured leaves was significantly improved. However, the contribution of stems to flue-cured leaves is still unknown. In this study, the differences in physicochemical properties and metabolomics data between separated leaves (stem(-)) and leaves with stems (stem(+)) were investigated. The metabolic profiling of stem(+) was significantly different from that of stem(-), with phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) being one of the most differential metabolites. The presence of stems reduced the rate of water loss in leaves, which led to less ROS accumulation, higher antioxidant enzyme activities and a lower level of membrane lipid peroxidation in stem(+) than in stem(-). The presence of stems also helped maintain the cellular membrane integrity of leaf cells by preventing the accumulation of IAA in leaf cells. Better cellular membrane integrity during flue-curing means a lower risk of leaf browning. In addition, stem(+) had a lower starch content than stem(-) because of a higher level of amylase activity. In summary, these results indicated that the presence of stems caused metabolism changes in leaves, prevented flue-cured leaves from browning and enhanced starch degradation in leaves during flue-curing.
Relationships among nursing students’ self-concept clarity, meaning in life, emotion regulation ability and depression: Testing a moderated mediation model
Authors: Hong Youjuan , Zhang Xuan , Wu Weiwei , Chen Jingjing , Lin Yan , Zhao Junyu , Xiao Huimin
Published: November 2022

Objective

Self-concept clarity as an inducing factor of depressive symptoms has been confirmed in previous studies. However, little is known about how and when it induces depressive symptoms in nursing students. The study is to examine the potential mediating role of meaning in life and the moderation of emotion regulation ability in the association between self-concept clarity and depressive symptoms among college nursing students.

Materials and Methods

A sample of 488 college nursing students participated in this study Southeast China. The Chinese adaptations of Self-concept clarity Scale, Sense of life Scale, Depression scale, Emotion regulation scale were used. Mediation and moderation analyses were carried out in the SPSS macro PROCESS.

Results

Self-concept clarity was significantly and negatively associated with depression in nursing students, meaning in life had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between self-concept clarity and depression. Furthermore, emotion regulation ability moderated the direct effect of self-concept clarity on depression.

Conclusion

The findings enrich the knowledge of the mediating and moderating mechanisms to explain the association between self-concept clarity and depression in nursing students. There have been proposed interventions concerning increasing self-concept clarity, meaning in life and emotion regulation ability training which could help help reduce the depression among nursing students.
Interlaboratory Comparison of 226Ra and 228Ra Activity Concentrations in Groundwater and Surface Water
Authors: Levy David B.
Published: November 2022

226Ra and 228Ra are typically monitored for groundwater and surface water compliance at legacy U mining and milling sites. Groundwater monitoring results for combined Ra (226Ra + 228Ra) reported by the existing contract laboratory at a former U mine and mill Site (Converse County, WY, USA) have been highly variable and with increasing trends at the Site compliance and background wells since the method was changed in 2005. Sample reanalysis has indicated poor reproducibility and significant analytical error in 228Ra measurements. An interlaboratory comparison was conducted to evaluate the potential causes of the high variability and analytical error. Two different methods were used for 226Ra (M903.0 and M903.1) and 228Ra (M904.0 and Ra-05). 226Ra results were less variable compared to 228Ra, and 228Ra data from the existing laboratory were qualified as estimated with high bias due to detection of 228Ra in the field blank. Compliance with the 226Ra + 228Ra groundwater standard was either met or not met, depending on which laboratory conducted the analyses. Specific laboratory techniques, rather than the analytical method, are contributing to elevated 228Ra values being reported. It was recommended that samples whose 226Ra + 228Ra results exceed the Site standard in the future be reanalyzed by the existing laboratory with a sample split also being sent to an outside laboratory for confirmatory analysis.
Psychological Dimensions and Their Inner Relationships of College Students’ Network Civilization
Authors: Liu Yuling , Shen Xiaorong , Mi Huaquan
Published: November 2022

Network civilization is a product of the rapid development of the virtual world. This study aims to investigate the psychological structure of college students’ network civilization and to explore the role of value judgment and value identification between college students’ psychological perception and value selection. In this study, 1096 college students (511 men and 585 women) completed the anonymous questionnaire on network civilization. They completed the scales of psychological perception, value judgment, value identification, and value selection. The total scale and each subscale both had high Cronbach’s alphas (0.90–0.97), indicating good reliability. Results indicated the following: (1) Psychological perception and value selection are positively correlated. (2) Psychological perception improves college students’ value selection by enhancing their value judgment. (3) Psychological perception may positively affect college students’ value selection via value identification. (4) There is a chain-mediating role between psychological perception, value judgment, value identification, and value selection. These testimonies also contribute to and provide an empirical basis for guidance strategies for the cultivation of network civilization and moral education among college students.
Effects of Adherence to Once-Daily Treatment on Lung Function, Bronchial Hyperreactivity and Health Outcomes in Adolescents with Mild-to-Moderate Asthmoka: A Twelve-Month Survey
Authors: Dal Negro Roberto W. , Turco Paola
Published: November 2022

Adolescents with asthma are usually insufficiently adherent to regular inhalation treatments, thus limiting their effectiveness. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of adherence to single-inhaler long-acting LABA/ICS dry-powder combination o.d. in affecting lung function, bronchial hyperreactivity, and health outcomes over a twelve-month survey of a group of non-smoking adolescents with mild to moderate asthma. Methods: Age, gender, BMI and atopy, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), maximum mid-expiratory flow (MMEF), and maximum expiratory flow at 25% of lung filling (MEF25) were assessed via a Boolean selection process from the institutional database at recruitment, as well as after 6 and 12 months, together with the incidence of exacerbation, school days that were taken off, GP and specialist visits, and systemic steroid and/or antibiotic courses. Adherence was checked monthly via a direct telephone call. Statistics were calculated with an ANOVA trend analysis, assuming p < 0.05. Results: Two well-matched sample groups of 54 subjects each were obtained. The mean annual adherence to treatment ranged from 48.2% doses ± 10.9 sd to 79.3% doses ± 8.8 sd (p < 0.001), regardless of age and gender. Only adolescents that adhered to the o.d. ICS/LABA inhalation regimen progressively achieved complete control of all lung function parameters (FEV1: 0.001; MMEF: p < 0.002; MEF25 < 0.001; <0.001), minimized their bronchial hyperreactivity (p < 0.001), and optimized all health outcomes (p < 0.001—p < 0.002) over the survey duration. Discussion: A good adherence to treatment is essential for asthma management, particularly in young patients. Factors that are totally independent of the complexity of the therapeutic regimen adopted (namely, only a once-daily inhalation in the present survey) probably represent the major reasons limiting the adolescents’ adherence. Cultural, educational, behavioral, and psychological factors are frequently involved, are difficult to control, and can present barriers to adolescents’ asthma management. Further studies aiming to deeply understand and possibly remove the reasons for such adolescents’ attitudes are needed, in cooperation with actions oriented in this direction by families, educators, and health professionals.
Study of the Optical Features of Tb3+:CaYAlO4 and Tb3+/Pr3+:CaYAlO4 Crystals for Visible Laser Applications
Authors: Wang Yeqing , Cheng Jian , Wang Zhiyuan , Gong Yujing , Tu Chaoyang , Huang Jianhui , Sun Yijian , Yu Yi
Published: November 2022

Single crystals of Tb3+ single-doped and Tb3+/Pr3+ co-doped CaYAlO4 were produced by the Czochralski method. The room-temperature polarized absorption spectra, emission spectra, and decay curves were recorded and analyzed in detail. The absorption cross-section around 487 nm was found to be 1.53 × 10−22 cm2 for the π polarization in the Tb3+:CaYAlO4 crystal and increased to 5.23 × 10−22 cm2 in the Tb3+/Pr3+:CaYAlO4 crystal. The spectroscopic parameters were calculated through the Judd–Ofelt theory. For the Tb3+:CaYAlO4 crystal, the emission bands of green light at 546 nm and yellow light at 587 nm had fluorescence branching ratios of 64.7% and 6.65% with cross-sections of 8.82 × 10−22 cm2 (σ-polarization) and 0.44 × 10−22 cm2 (π-polarization), respectively. The decay lifetimes of 5D4 multiplets were measured to be 1.41 ms and 1.1 ms for Tb3+:CaYAlO4 and Tb3+/Pr3+:CaYAlO4 crystals, respectively. The energy transfer mechanisms of Tb3+ and Pr3+ and their emission spectral intensities at different temperatures were analyzed. As the temperature increased, the luminescence intensity of the Tb3+:CaYAlO4 and Tb3+/Pr3+:CaYAlO4 crystals decreased almost linearly with the CIE coordinate variation, from (0.370, 0.621) to (0.343, 0.636) and from (0.345, 0.638) to (0.246, 0.698), respectively. The results indicate the potential of Tb3+:CaYAlO4 and Tb3+/Pr3+:CaYAlO4 crystals as visible laser materials with a wide temperature range.
Information-Theoretic Method for Assessing the Quality of Translations
Authors: Ryabko Boris , Savina Nadezhda
Published: November 2022

In recent years, the task of translating from one language to another has attracted wide attention from researchers due to numerous practical uses, ranging from the translation of various texts and speeches, including the so-called “machine” translation, to the dubbing of films and numerous other video materials. To study this problem, we propose to use the information-theoretic method for assessing the quality of translations. We based our approach on the classification of sources of text variability proposed by A.N. Kolmogorov: information content, form, and unconscious author’s style. It is clear that the unconscious “author’s” style is influenced by the translator. So researchers need special methods to determine how accurately the author’s style is conveyed, because it, in a sense, determines the quality of the translation. In this paper, we propose a method that allows us to estimate the quality of translation from different translators. The method is used to study translations of classical English-language works into Russian and, conversely, Russian classics into English. We successfully used this method to determine the attribution of literary texts.
Site-Adaptation for Correcting Satellite-Derived Solar Irradiance: Performance Comparison between Various Regressive and Distribution Mapping Techniques for Application in Daejeon, South Korea
Authors: Dhata Elvina Faustina , Kim Chang Ki , Kim Hyun-Goo , Kim Boyoung , Oh Myeongchan
Published: November 2022

Satellite-derived solar irradiance is advantageous in solar resource assessment due to its high spatiotemporal availability, but its discrepancies to ground-observed values remain an issue for reliability. Site adaptation can be employed to correct these errors by using short-term high-quality ground-observed values. Recent studies have highlighted the benefits of the sequential procedure of a regressive and a distribution-mapping technique in comparison to their individual counterparts. In this paper, we attempted to improve the sequential procedure by using various distribution mapping techniques in addition to the previously proposed quantile mapping. We applied these site-adaptation techniques on the global horizontal irradiance (GHI) and direct normal irradiance (DNI) obtained from the UASIBS-KIER model in Daejeon, South Korea. The best technique, determined by a ranking methodology, can reduce the mean bias from −5.04% and 13.51% to −0.45% and −2.02% for GHI and DNI, respectively, and improve distribution similarity by 2.5 times and 4 times for GHI and DNI, respectively. Partial regression and residual plot analysis were attempted to examine our finding that the sequential procedure is better than individual techniques for GHI, whereas the opposite is true for DNI. This is an initial study to achieve generalized site-adaptation techniques for the UASIBS-KIER model output.
ECViST: Mine Intelligent Monitoring Based on Edge Computing and Vision Swin Transformer-YOLOv5
Authors: Zhang Fan , Tian Jiawei , Wang Jianhao , Liu Guanyou , Liu Ying
Published: November 2022

Mine video surveillance has a key role in ensuring the production safety of intelligent mining. However, existing mine intelligent monitoring technology mainly processes the video data in the cloud, which has problems, such as network congestion, large memory consumption, and untimely response to regional emergencies. In this paper, we address these limitations by utilizing the edge-cloud collaborative optimization framework. First, we obtained a coarse model using the edge-cloud collaborative architecture and updated this to realize the continuous improvement of the detection model. Second, we further proposed a target detection model based on the Vision Swin Transformer-YOLOv5(ViST-YOLOv5) algorithm and improved the model for edge device deployment. The experimental results showed that the object detection model based on ViST-YOLOv5, with a model size of only 27.057 MB, improved the average detection accuracy is by 25% compared to the state-of-the-art model, which makes it suitable for edge-end deployment in mining workface. For the actual mine surveillance video, the edge-cloud collaborative architecture can achieve better performance and robustness in typical application scenarios, such as weak lighting and occlusion, which verifies the feasibility of the designed architecture.
Computing Day-Ahead Dispatch Plans for Active Distribution Grids Using a Reinforcement Learning Based Algorithm
Authors: Stai Eleni , Stoffel Josua , Hug Gabriela
Published: November 2022

The worldwide aspiration for a sustainable energy future has led to an increasing deployment of variable and intermittent renewable energy sources (RESs). As a result, predicting and planning the operation of power grids has become more complex. Batteries can play a critical role to this problem as they can absorb the uncertainties introduced by RESs. In this paper, we solve the problem of computing a dispatch plan for a distribution grid with RESs and batteries with a novel approach based on Reinforcement Learning (RL). Although RL is not inherently suited for planning problems that require open loop policies, we have developed an iterative algorithm that calls a trained RL agent at each iteration to compute the dispatch plan. Since the feedback given to the RL agent cannot be directly observed because the dispatch plan is computed ahead of operation, it is estimated. Compared to the conventional approach of scenario-based optimization, our RL-based approach can exploit significantly more prior information on the uncertainty and computes dispatch plans faster. Our evaluation and comparative results demonstrate the accuracy of the computed dispatch plans as well as the adaptability of our agent to input data that diverge from the training data.
The Status of Household Electricity Use Behaviour Research in South Africa between 2000 and 2022
Authors: Mutumbi Uzziah , Thondhlana Gladman , Ruwanza Sheunesu
Published: November 2022

Unsustainable use of electricity has severe implications on the environment and human well-being. With an estimated consumption of about 20% of total global electricity demand, the household sector is a key player in efforts for crafting interventions for reducing electricity consumption. Despite increasing calls for behavioural solutions to electricity conservation at the household level, more attention has been paid to technical than behavioural interventions. Yet a deeper understanding of electricity use behaviour is needed to design interventions and engender integration of behavioural interventions into demand-side management and decision making. Although South Africa is energy insecure and a major greenhouse gas emitter, less attention has been paid to household electricity use using behavioural lenses. Using a scoping review approach, this study inductively reviewed publications to examine the state of research on household electricity use in South Africa, focussing on (1) research trends and contexts, (2) conceptual focus, (3) proposed interventions for reducing electricity consumption and (4) future research needs. Very few publications considered reported and actual electricity use behaviour. Most publications (65%) paid attention to technical dimensions for reducing household electricity consumption such as economic nudges and technical retrofits, rather than behavioural strategies. Of the publications that focussed on behaviour, very few explicitly examined reported electricity use behaviour. Most publications did not consider the role of partnerships in designing interventions for reducing electricity consumption but rather employed individualistic perspectives. Overall, the results suggest that calls for behaviour change research have not been fully heeded. More studies on electricity use behaviour in different contexts, including across an income heterogeneity gradient, and the role of context dependent collective settings in drafting interventions, are required to better inform pathways to sustainable electricity use.
Alcohol Withdrawal and the Associated Mood Disorders—A Review
Authors: Ngui Helena Hui Lin , Kow Audrey Siew Foong , Lai Sally , Tham Chau Ling , Ho Yu-Cheng , Lee Ming Tatt
Published: November 2022

Recreational use of alcohol is a social norm in many communities worldwide. Alcohol use in moderation brings pleasure and may protect the cardiovascular system. However, excessive alcohol consumption or alcohol abuse are detrimental to one’s health. Three million deaths due to excessive alcohol consumption were reported by the World Health Organization. Emerging evidence also revealed the danger of moderate consumption, which includes the increased risk to cancer. Alcohol abuse and periods of withdrawal have been linked to depression and anxiety. Here, we present the effects of alcohol consumption (acute and chronic) on important brain structures—the frontal lobe, the temporal lobe, the limbic system, and the cerebellum. Apart from this, we also present the link between alcohol abuse and withdrawal and mood disorders in this review, thus drawing a link to oxidative stress. In addition, we also discuss the positive impacts of some pharmacotherapies used. Due to the ever-rising demands of life, the cycle between alcohol abuse, withdrawal, and mood disorders may be a never-ending cycle of destruction. Hence, through this review, we hope that we can emphasise the importance and urgency of managing this issue with the appropriate approaches.
Preliminary Study of Different Treatment Responses between Bevacizumab, Aflibercept and Dexamethasone Implant According to Renal Function in Diabetic Macular Edema Patients
Authors: Moon Tae Hwan , Jo Gwon Hui , Seo Eoi Jong , Kim Kyung Tae , Ku Eu Jeong , Kwon Soon Kil , Kim Jin Young , Chae Ju Byung , Kim Dong Yoon
Published: November 2022

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between responses to intravitreal bevacizumab injection and renal function in diabetic macular edema (DME) patients. Methods: A retrospective study of the medical records of 104 treatment-naïve DME patients who received intravitreal bevacizumab injection (IVBI) was conducted. Based on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2), the participants were classified into three groups. Intergroup comparisons of the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central subfield retinal thickness (CST) changes were performed after three-monthly consecutive IVBIs. In the groups with decreased renal function, the response to further treatment with a different drug was investigated. Results: A total of 104 participants were included in the study: 60 participants in the preserved renal function group (eGFR ≥ 60), 25 participants in the moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD) group (30 ≤ eGFR < 60), and 19 participants in the severe CKD group (eGFR < 30). After three-monthly consecutive IVBIs, BCVA (p < 0.001) and CST (p < 0.001) were significantly improved only in the preserved renal function group. Following further treatment of patients with decreased renal function, the treatment results were significantly better in those who were switched to aflibercept or dexamethasone implant than in those who were maintained on IVBI. Conclusions: From this preliminary study, we observed that renal function might affect the response to IVBI treatment in patients with DME. In the case of a poor response to initial IVBI treatment for DME in patients with moderate to severe CKD, our study supports switching to the aflibercept or dexamethasone implant.
Housing Affordability, Public Policy and Economic Dynamics: An Analysis of the City of Lisbon
Authors: Lorga Miguel , Januário João Fragoso , Cruz Carlos Oliveira
Published: November 2022

The increasing growth of population living in cities, associated with the commoditization of investment in real estate, has impacted real estate prices and created obstacles for average income families to meet their housing needs. This problem is generalized to virtually all cities, but it has assumed larger proportions in cities where economic activities (tourism, financial services, high-tech industry) have flourished after the financial crisis. Lisbon is one of those cases. The growth of short-term rentals led to an increase in the property prices well above the average income growth, eroding housing affordability. This paper will focus on analyzing Lisbon´s affordability and understanding its main determinants. The analysis is carried out from the compilation and processing of data from 2004 to 2019, in the context of the municipality of Lisbon, using statistical instruments of linear regression in an exploratory and predictive approach. The results suggest a great influence of factors such as tourism, the foreign population with resident status, the propagation of short-term rentals and public policies on the worsening of housing affordability. In view of these conclusions, the preponderance of the type of public policies implemented and their relationship with the most prominent factors on housing affordability is debated.
Research on the Impact of Farmland Transfer on Rural Household Consumption: Evidence from Yunnan Province, China
Authors: Hong Mingyong , Lou Lei
Published: November 2022

By constructing the analytical framework of “farmland transfer—farmland function—income structure—rural household consumption”, based on the sample data of 537 rural households in 50 villages in Yunnan Province of China, this paper uses the OLS model to explore the impact of farmland transfer on rural household consumption and uses an intermediary effect model to further explore its internal transmission mechanism. The research finds that: (1) Farmland transfer (farmland transfer-out or farmland transfer-in) can stimulate rural household consumption. (2) The coefficient of farmland transfer-out to non-food consumption is 0.118, which is greater than its coefficient of food consumption of 0.016; the rural households of farmland transfer-out are more willing to increase non-food consumption expenditure, which is conducive to the optimization of their consumption structure. (3) The coefficient of farmland transfer-in to food consumption is 0.028, which is greater than its coefficient to non-food consumption of 0.009; the rural households of farmland transfer-in are more willing to increase food consumption expenditure, which is not conducive to the optimization of their consumption structure. (4) Rural household consumption expenditure will show a downward trend with the increase in the age of the head of the rural household, and the consumption structure will also show a deterioration. (5) The more family assets rural households have, the stronger their consumption expenditure capacity, which is conducive to optimizing their consumption structure. (6) The results of the intermediary effect model show that farmland transfer affects rural households’ consumption and consumption structure by affecting rural households’ income under different livelihood modes. Accordingly, the paper puts forward some suggestions on establishing the benefit coordination mechanism of farmland transfer, improving the non-agricultural employment mechanism of the rural surplus labor force, raising the expected return on farmland investment, increasing the proportion of household income saved appropriately and strengthening the social security mechanism in order to further promote the orderly transfer of farmland, improve the consumption capacity and consumption level of rural households, expand rural domestic demand and promote rural consumption upgrading.
The Consequential Role of Aesthetics in Forest Fuels Reduction Propensities: Diverse Landowners’ Attitudes and Responses to Project Types, Risks, Costs, and Habitat Benefits
Authors: Ribe Robert G. , Nielsen-Pincus Max , Johnson Bart R. , Enright Chris , Hulse David
Published: November 2022

Private landowners in the southern Willamette Valley of Oregon, USA were surveyed. The survey queried probabilities of implementing specific fuels reduction projects in extensive areas of specific forest types on their property. The projects were described in relation to the beginning and target forest types, the actions required, costs, and long-term maintenance. Forest types were first rated for scenic beauty and informed levels of wildfire risk reduction, scarce habitat production, and associated property rights risks. Propensities to perform each fuels reduction project were then obtained. These were adversely affected by disbelief in heightened wildfire risks or climate change, higher project costs, feelings of hopeless vulnerability to wildfire, and low aesthetic affections for target forests. Propensities were enhanced by aesthetic affection for target forests, belief in the efficaciousness of fuels reduction, previous experience with wildfire evacuation, and higher incomes. All landowners favored thinning of young conifer forests, but some were averse to thinning of mature conifer forests. Anthropocentric landowners, mainly farmers, foresters, and some small holders, tended to favor conventional thinnings toward commercially valuable conifer forests and avoided long-term habitat maintenance. Nature-centric landowners, mainly some rural residents and wealthy estate owners, leaned more toward long term habitat goals and oak forests.
Correction: Luo et al. Reassessment of Annamocarya sinesis (Carya sinensis) Taxonomy through Concatenation and Coalescence Phylogenetic Analysis. Plants 2022, 11, 52
Authors: Luo Jie , Chen Junhao , Guo Wenlei , Yang Zhengfu , Lim Kean-Jin , Wang Zhengjia
Published: November 2022

In the original publication [...]
Can I Be Obliged to Believe?
Authors: Menssen Sandra , Sullivan Thomas D.
Published: November 2022

We build an argument directed to agnostics who think there’s a realistic possibility some specific revelatory claim is true (for instance, the Christian, or Judaic, or Islamic claim) and who find that claim more plausible than its theistic competitors. Though such agnostics may have serious reservations about the claim, perhaps not even deeming the chance it’s true to be at least fifty-fifty, we contend that—surprisingly—it’s obligatory for them to assent to the claim if it provides a means for remediation of wrong-doing. Our focus is the Christian revelatory claim, but the argument’s template can be applied to other religions that, like Christianity, promise to fix the world’s ills in an afterlife.
O processo de cultivo de horta em caixotes de madeira em uma escola da cidade de Manaus
Authors: Dos Santos Selma Israel , Dos Santos Géssica Aline Nogueira , Da Silva Andreia Ferreira , Pinheiro Erika Cristina Nogueira Marques , Mata Rafaela Rodrigues
Published: November 2022

Trabalhar com a horta na escola também é um recurso pedagógico que estimula o desenvolvimento de diversas habilidades importantes para a formação dos alunos. O objetivo desse estudo é mostrar o processo de cultivo de horta em caixotes de madeira em uma escola da cidade de Manaus-AM. A metodologia desse estudo deu-se a partir da realização das pesquisas bibliográficas relacionadas ao tema de pesquisa, quanto aos fins, a pesquisa é exploratória que tem como objetivo principal desenvolver, esclarecer e modificar conceitos e ideias, tendo em vista a formulação de problemas mais precisos ou hipóteses pesquisáveis para estudos posteriores. Conclui-se que cultivar uma horta na escola promove a conscientização socioecológica dos alunos o que exige um comportamento humano responsável em relação à natureza com o objetivo de reduzir a poluição e melhorar as condições de vida no planeta. Os alimentos produzidos também podem ser aplicados no preparo da merenda escolar, o que gera economia nas compras e garante a qualidade do que é consumido.
Deep digital flexor tenotomy and Distal Phalanx realignment for the treatment of Chronic Laminitis in horses: a literature review
Authors: Cestari Heitor , Pyles Marcelo Damas , Alves Ana Liz Garcia , Watanabe Marcos Jun , Hussni Carlos Alberto , Rodrigues Celso Antonio
Published: November 2022

Laminitis is the second most common cause of death from disease in horses and causes great suffering in the animal and economic and emotional losses for the people involved. Several therapeutic modalities are used in the treatment of this disease, but their results are not consistently described in the literature. In this scenario, deep digital flexor (DDF) tenotomy is a therapeutic modality that can be used for the treatment of chronic laminitis, releasing the traction force that the DDF tendon exerts on the distal phalanx, which helps with realignment of the latter. The objective of this study was to address the important factors of DDF tenotomy and distal phalanx realignment for the treatment of horses with chronic laminitis. The results of the above analysis suggest that DDF tenotomy and realignment of the distal phalanx is a therapeutic option that should be learned by veterinarians and that it can produce benefits to horses with chronic laminitis.
A importância da aplicação das normas técnicas para montagens de quadros elétricos de baixa tensão - estudo de caso em uma empresa do distrito industrial de Manaus
Authors: De Araújo Júnior Renato Dias , Pacheco Maria dos Anjos Fernandes , Pinheiro Erika Cristina Nogueira Marques
Published: November 2022

Considerando a importância do uso das normas técnicas exigidas pela ABNT quando se trata de montagem e instalações de quadros elétricos de baixa tensão, este artigo apresenta um estudo de caso com base em quadros elétricos montados em uma empresa do Polo Industrial de Manaus (PIM). Relatando-se as não conformidades nos quadros encontradas por não se enquadrarem nas especificações técnicas exigidas pelas normas. Uma realidade infelizmente comum em algumas empresas, trazendo assim, sérios riscos para a indústria, colaboradores e todo o processo realizado internamente na empresa.
Tentativas de suicídio por intoxicação medicamentosa em um hospital de urgência e emergência no interior do estado de Rondônia: um levantamento dos casos notificados
Authors: Egert Carolina Barbosa , Silva Elissa Gonçalves de Oliveira e , Sousa Emanoela Maria Rodrigues de , Machado Yargo Alexandre de Farias , Holanda Bruna Tainá Aparecida da Silva , Silva Leila dos Santos , Souza Loara de Assis , Kapiche Sandry da Silva
Published: November 2022

O suicídio é apontado pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), como uma das principais causas de morte no mundo, sendo autor de uma em cada 100 mortes. Este estudo objetivou identificar a incidência de casos de tentativas de suicídio por uso de medicamentos notificados pelo SINAN no Hospital de Urgência e Emergência Regional de Cacoal (HEURO). Trata-se de um estudo documental, com dados obtidos no período de janeiro de 2021 a junho de 2022. Foram identificadas no estudo 28 fichas, houve predomínio do sexo feminino nas tentativas (82,15%), na faixa etária de 21-30 anos (54%). Os grupos farmacológicos de maior frequência foram os hipnóticos/sedativos e antidepressivos, presentes em 8 e 6 tentativas respectivamente, em 17,9% dos casos houve a ingestão de mais de 50 comprimidos/gotas, e os medicamentos clonazepam, diazepam, amitriptilina, sertralina, risperidona, dipirona, losartana foram os mais relatados. Desse modo, faz-se necessário intensificar a promoção do uso racional de medicamentos, bem como a ação de programas de assistência que realizam a identificação e intervenção das situações de risco para o ato suicida.