bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identifying Depressive Tweets using Natural Language Processing (NLP) Frameworks
Authors: Oladimeji Damilola , Garland Laura , Liu Qingzhong
Published: June 2023

The number of patients diagnosed with depression yearly is a growing concern among mental health advocates. Consequently, the ef ect of this ailment is detrimental to not only the patient but also family members, as well as their jobs or school. Many factors, ranging from hereditary conditions to life-altering experiences, can trigger depression, and symptoms vary between individuals. Hence, the disparity of symptoms in diagnosing depression makes it dif icult to identify early on. Fortunately, the prevalence of social media platforms has led to individuals posting updates on various aspects of their lives, particularly their mental health. These platforms now provide valuable data sources for mental health researchers, aiding in the timely diagnosis of depression. In this research, we use sentiment analysis to identify depressed tweets from random tweets. We used six natural language processing frameworks for our classification. They are BERT, XLNet, ALBERT, DeBERTa, RoBERTa, and ELECTRA. Our results show that BERT performs best with an accuracy of 99%, while ALBERT is the model with the lowest accuracy rate at 87%. This research shows that by leveraging NLP frameworks, we can successfully utilize machine learning for the early detection of depression and help diagnose individuals struggling with this ailment.
Keys to understanding long COVID
Authors: Gelinas Lillee
Published: June 2023

Unlock the mystery to a clinical challenge.
Policy Analysis of Principals' Competency in Primary Schools
Authors: Febyola Velerisa , Ananda Rizki , Feros Alta , Wulandari Citra
Published: June 2023

Education is one of the most important aspects of the continuity of human life. The role of school principals in educational institutions is crucial and is connected with implementing various elements in carrying out their duties. Various policies under the control of school principals determine the level of educational quality success, which also depends on the school principal's policies. Problems arise when it is known that several school principals throughout the provinces of Indonesia need more competence. The purpose of this research is to investigate the implementation of school principal competency policies in elementary schools. This article is written using a qualitative approach. The results show that a school principal must fulfil and possess comprehensive skills in competency policies, especially at the elementary school level. The school principal must first understand the job description based on competency standards. Each school has its unique vision and mission compared to other schools. The determination of the vision and mission is adjusted to the school principal's goals in directing the school towards specific areas driven and supported by the surrounding school environment factors. The conclusion drawn from the conducted research is that the school principal's competency policies include social competence, supervision, entrepreneurship, managerial skills, and personality.
The Influence of Green Consumption Values on How Consumers Form Overall Sustainability Perceptions of Food Products and Brands
Authors: Burkert Melina , Hüttl-Maack Verena , Gil José María , Rahmani Djamel
Published: June 2023

Recently, increasing numbers of consumers have embraced higher green consumption values and expressed environmental concern through their shopping behavior. These consumers are a promising target group for sustainable products. However, especially in the food sector, it is challenging for consumers to recognize these products because of a multitude of sustainability indicators. Therefore, it is important to understand how green consumers form their perception of product sustainability based on the information provided. This research draws on means–end chain theory and the elaboration likelihood model (ELM) to explain how green consumers form an overall product sustainability perception by considering environmental and social product sustainability benefits. To provide preliminary evidence, we analyzed the survey data of 1,577 European consumers who assessed three different food products. Using structural equation modeling, we found that consumers with higher green consumption values perceive environmental and social sustainability product benefits to a greater extent than those with lower green values. Increased perceptions of environmental sustainability benefits, in turn, enhance overall product sustainability perceptions, ultimately leading to a higher perceived brand sustainability. By integrating and applying means–end chain theory along with the ELM in a green product consumption context, our study provides insight on the impact of environmental and social product sustainability benefits on consumers’ product sustainability perceptions. As such, the results offer a valuable starting point for further investigation of sustainable marketing strategies and consumers’ product sustainability perceptions. Additionally, our findings provide guidance to food marketers seeking to promote sustainable products.
A agricultura urbana carioca em movimento: potencialidades e desafios
Authors: Rodrigues Renan De Oliveira
Published: June 2023

O objetivo deste trabalho é tratar das potencialidades e dos desafios da Agricultura Urbana (AU) no município do Rio de Janeiro, além de buscar produzir um material que sistematize o processo de surgimento da Rede Carioca de Agricultura Urbana (Rede CAU) e de parte da sua atuação até o presente. O autor também busca trazer elementos que possam auxiliar na construção de uma agenda de ação e no fortalecimento da sociedade civil organizada nesse campo. Este trabalho é um convite à reflexão e um material para compreender este campo de luta na cidade do Rio de Janeiro.
Feminismo Transnacional: articulações escalares da Marcha Mundial das Mulheres
Authors: Silva Caroline Arice
Published: June 2023

A abordagem atual do feminismo transnacional não é mais unidirecional, do Norte Global para o Sul Global, mas multidirecional e disperso - com seus objetivos e valores selecionados e adaptados ao contexto do território por atores locais. A Marcha Mundial das Mulheres, em 2020, completou 20 anos como movimento social transnacional e está baseada numa organização horizontal de uma rede de várias ONGs, sindicatos, associações comunitárias, movimentos indígenas, entre outros. O presente artigo, a partir de levantamento bibliográfico e de registros do movimento, faz uma análise, de como a Marcha Mundial das Mulheres formou-se entre o global e o local, além de apresentar suas articulações, no Brasil, para ações como a Marcha das Margaridas, uma relevante mobilização nacional protagonizada por trabalhadoras rurais.
O Parque Capibaribe como reintegração entre cidade e suas águas
Authors: Alencar Anna Karina Borges de
Published: June 2023

As cidades cresceram e se urbanizaram numa relação conflituosa com suas águas. Estabelecida entre o mar e rios, Recife cidade aquacêntrica, vive cenários constantes de inundações. Desde 2013 urbanistas buscam novas formas de lidar com as águas, aplicando fundamentos de gestão urbana sensível às águas. Concebendo o planejamento urbano a partir do rio Capibaribe, elemento importante na estruturação e expansão da cidade, se faz necessário rever a forma de tratar suas águas com vista em diminuir os conflitos e possibilitar uma relação harmoniosa entre cidade e águas.  Este artigo aponta como a noção de desenvolvimento sustentável tem sido abordada no Projeto Parque Capibaribe. Para tal, foi adotada a metodologia da análise de conteúdo de forma a identificar que elementos possibilitam o urbanismo sensível às águas. A análise do Projeto do Parque Capibaribe aponta a chance de se reinventar a cidade, mudando a forma como a população se relaciona com suas águas
Estudo e trabalho nos percursos de jovens brasileiros em Portugal: compreendendo suas trajatórias a partir dos conceitos de projeto e campo de possibilidades
Authors: Pinho Bianca Lyrio Matheus Aguiar
Published: June 2023

Este trabalho tem como objetivo compreender a trajetória migratória de jovens brasileiros que desembarcam em Portugal nos âmbitos da educação e do trabalho. Estes chegam no novo país com intuito primordial de estudar, contudo, o trabalho é parte inerente de suas jornadas, tendo em vista suas limitações materiais. Utilizamos os conceitos de projeto e campo de possibilidades do antropólogo Gilberto Velho e fizemos entrevistas em profundidade para compreender as narrativas dessas pessoas. Concluímos que apesar de serem considerados muitas vezes indivíduos privilegiados, estes experimentam uma série de dificuldades ao longo de seus percursos migratórios.
Aluga-se: densidade da oferta do Airbnb e segundas residências no litoral pernambucano
Authors: Andrade Josiane Nascimento , Araujo Cristina Pereira de , Cristino Claudio Tadeu
Published: June 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar a densidade da oferta de imóveis inteiros na plataforma Airbnb em contraponto às segundas residências no litoral do estado de Pernambuco. A partir de uma abordagem exploratória, foram coletados os dados censitários referentes aos domicílios particulares permanentes do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística e dados quantitativos dos anúncios do Airbnb e suas características tipológicas e espaciais. Observou-se que a incidência de segundas residências não se relaciona com a oferta de Airbnb na maioria dos municípios do recorte, com exceção de Ipojuca e Tamandaré, sendo estes expressivos em ambas as categorias. O caráter de compartilhamento da própria moradia só se observou em Fernando de Noronha. Na capital e municípios mais próximos, a densidade não é alta devido ao caráter metropolitano e grande quantidade de domicílios.
A população em situação de rua como negação ao Direito à Cidade: um ensaio teórico
Authors: Morais Hugo Arruda de , Paiva Anna Lidiane Oliveira , Dantas Caio César Lima , Da Silva Débora Kamila
Published: June 2023

A situação de rua, no Brasil, teve como marco o processo de urbanização de suas cidades. Tal condição é vista pela ONU (2015, p. 2) como “uma crise global de direitos humanos que requer uma resposta global urgente”. Admitindo isto, o presente ensaio desenvolveu-se mediante a questão norteadora: em que medida a condição da população em situação de rua no espaço urbano nega o conceito de direito à cidade? Logo, o seu objetivo é apresentar uma reflexão teórica acerca da condição da população em situação de rua no espaço urbano como negação ao conceito de direito à cidade. Enquanto metodologia, recorreu-se à leitura e interpretação livre de textos. Conclui-se que a situação de rua, nos países periféricos, foi agravada pela relativa escassez de políticas de amparo à atual faceta pós-fordista do desemprego estrutural, afetando a dimensão da sobrevivência das pessoas nesse estado e negando, portanto, o direito à cidade destas.
DEVELOPING LECTURERS IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN VIETNAM
Authors: Ha Thi Ngoc
Published: June 2023

Lecturers are considered the subject and the decisive factor for the quality of education, training and scientific research, services and development of universities. University lecturers are "special production forces that create products that are human resources", and are the subject of orientation to create the sustainable development of society. Therefore, to perform well the task of developing university lecturers, it is necessary to synchronously and rationally develop in terms of quantity, quality and structure aspects so that teaching tasks in the universities are carried out most effectively in particular as well as the quality of education in Vietnam is improved in general.

Keywords: Lecturer, Developing University Lecturers, Education, Higher Education.
CONFLICT MANAGEMENT AND TEACHERS' JOB PERFORMANCE IN SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN KOGI STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Lukeman Abdul  , Samuel Muhammed Enefu, Ph.D  , Edime Yunusa
Published: June 2023

This study investigated conflict management and teachers job performance in selected senior secondary schools in Kogi State. The objectives of the study included identifying the sources of conflict between principals and teachers in senior secondary schools in Kogi State, investigating the impact of conflict management on teachers' efficiency in senior secondary schools in Kogi State, examining conflict management challenges facing teachers' effectiveness and motivation in senior secondary schools in Kogi State and to bring to light conflict management strategies that will boost teachers' performance in senior secondary schools in Kogi State. Utilizing frustration-aggression theory, the study adopted descriptive survey research design with the population of the study comprising of 3,300 teachers and Principals from 283 senior secondary schools in Kogi State. A sample of 341 was drawn using Krjcie & Morgan table. Simple random sampling cum purposive sampling techniques were used to select 341 teachers and principals for the study. The hypotheses of the study were tested using t-test analysis of mean score and standard deviation. In this study, questionnaire served as a major tool for collection of data for the study. The instrument was validated by three experts One from Measurement and evaluation and two from educational administration and planning. A reliability co-coefficient of 0.82 was obtained. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions while t-test statistics was employed in testing the stated hypotheses for the study. The findings of this study indicated unfavourable condition of service, late payment of entitlements, managerial inefficiency, misunderstanding, organizations role ambiguity, conflict of interests over schools' resources etc as sources of conflict in the schools, it also revealed boosting teachers' morales, enhances teachers' job performances, boosting teachers confidence and integrity etc as effects of effective conflict management, common challenges disrupting conflict management included communication barriers, inadequate interactions between staff etc in the study area. The study finally unveiled factors such as effective Welfare Scheme for teachers, dialogue, regular payment of salary and arrears to teachers, management open door policy and mounting of suggestion boxes around the school premises etc as effective conflict managemnt strategies. The study therefore recommended that government secondary schools in Kogi State should create and maintain a level playing field for its staff and should apply effective conflict management strategies to boost organizational performance and teachers' job performance and also dialogue as an effective conflict management strategy should be adopted for the resolution of conflicts in Senior Secondary schools in Kogi State etc.

Keywords: Conflict Management, Conflict, Job Performance, Teachers, Secondary Schools, Formal Education.
Tópicos interdisciplinares da saúde humana: perspectivas translacionais
Authors: Aragão Gislei Frota
Published: June 2023

A medicina translacional, também conhecida como medicina translacional, pesquisa pré-clínica, pesquisa baseada em evidências ou pesquisa dirigida a doenças é um campo de pesquisa destinado a melhorar a saúde e a longevidade humana, determinando a relevância de novas descobertas nas ciências biológicas para doenças humanas. A pesquisa translacional atua como uma ponte entre diferentes áreas de pesquisa, conectando suas descobertas umas às outras e, finalmente, à comunidade em geral. Foi com muito prazer que organizei o segundo volume do livro “Tópicos interdisciplinares da saúde humana: perspectivas translacionais –Volume 2”. Este projeto foi idealizado a partir da ministração da disciplina “Escrita Científica” para os alunos do Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Translacional do Núcleo de Pesquisa Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos da Universidade Federal do Ceará, onde tive a oportunidade de conhecer vários projetos que estarão sendo desenvolvidos em várias áreas diferentes. A ideia de compartilhar os temas relacionados aos projetos em uma produção textual e publicada na forma de e-book surgiu no ano passado quando de forma exitosa publicamos o primeiro volume desta obra. Esta foi a motivação para que pudéssemos organizar este ano este novo volume seguindo a mesma concepção anterior. Eu, como organizador e todos os autores participantes desta obra acreditamos que, muito mais que um simples livro, esta obra tem um forte caráter científico e explora dentro de uma perspectiva atual a necessidade de compreensão, estudo e pesquisa dos assuntos abordados nesta coletânea. Por isso é que consideramos uma leitura interessante para todos aqueles que tenham interesse em aprofundar conhecimentos em temas específicos,mas com grande demanda social.
Product Innovation and Competitiveness of Commercial Banks in Kenya
Authors: Asisi Gorret Idah , Nelima Mary , Odero Jackline Akoth , Rutto Reuben
Published: June 2023

The dynamics of change in the business environment catalysed by globalization, changing consumer preferences, and a whirlwind of technological development have exerted immense pressure on commercial banks to introduce up-to-date products and services for sustainability. Product innovation has thus become a vital tool for survival and development. This study examined the influence of product innovation on the competitiveness of commercial banks in Kenya. The theory of creative destruction served as the study's guide. The study utilized a positivist research philosophy. Descriptive and correlational research designs were used. The target population consisted of 175 directors and general managers of Tier 1 commercial banks. Stratified and simple random sampling was then employed to select 122 respondents. Primary data was collected using closed and open-ended questionnaires. A pilot study was done on Equity Bank. To test validity, the study used content and construct validity. The study utilized descriptive and inferential analysis. Descriptive analysis included the use of frequencies, percentages, mean, and standard deviation, while inferential statistics employed correlation and simple linear regression analysis. Data collected from open-ended questionnaires was analysed using content analysis. The results were presented in tables. The study found that product innovation had a positive and significant influence on the competitiveness of commercial banks in Kenya (t = 0.6.438, P = 0.000). The study thus recommends that commercial banks embrace product innovation as a tool to achieve competitiveness. Product innovation should be enhanced by carrying out regular surveys, seeking client views in the development of mobile and internet product innovations, and training clients on the usage of mobile and internet banking products before onboarding.
Systèmes multiprocesseurs basés sur un ASIP pour l’efficacité des CNN
Authors: BYTYN Andreas , AHLSDORF René , ASCHEID Gerd
Published: June 2023

Les réseaux de neurones convolutifs (CNN) utilisés pour l’analyse des signaux vidéo sont très gourmands en calculs. De telles applications embarquées nécessitent des implémentations efficaces en termes de coût et de puissance. Ce chapitre présente une solution basée sur un processeur de jeu d’instructions spécifique à l’application (ASIP) qui représente un bon compromis entre efficacité et programmabilité.
Automatisation pour l’industrie 4.0 avec des passerelles LoRaWan sécurisées
Authors: COPPOLA Marcello , KORNAROS George
Published: June 2023

Dans un écosystème IoT industriel (IIoT), la sécurité de la passerelle IoT et des dispositifs de nœuds périphériques connectés, représente l’aspect clé permettant d’assurer la protection du cycle de production et la disponibilité des services. Ce chapitre présente les concepts nécessaires pour mettre en œuvre une architecture permettant une sécurité et une sûreté complète de l’IIoT dans un environnement LoRaWAN.
StaccatoLab, un modèle de calcul des flots de données à grande échelle
Authors: VAN BERKEL Kees
Published: June 2023

Le calcul parallèle à grande échelle consiste à organiser des millions d’opérations arithmétiques en parallèle, à chaque cycle d’horloge. Dans ce chapitre, StaccatoLab est présenté comme un langage qu’intègre un modèle d’exécution de flot de données conçu pour un parallélisme efficace à grande échelle. Il supporte l’analyse quantitative des programmes et permet leur conception pour des objectifs de débit prédéfinis.
Enjeux et perspectives des entrepôts de données de recherche
Authors: SCHÖPFEL Joachim
Published: June 2023

Les entrepôts jouent un rôle essentiel pour la gestion des données de la recherche. Ce dernier chapitre résume les principaux enjeux auxquels ces dispositifs font face ; parmi ces enjeux, nous évoquerons non seulement la volumétrie et la complexité des données, l’intégration dans l’écosystème des infrastructures de recherche et l’ouverture vers l’international, mais également la qualité des données et l’acceptation par les chercheurs. Quelles sont les perspectives ? L’avenir des entrepôts sera conditionné par l’évolution scientifique et technologique, par des choix politiques et économiques, mais aussi par la recherche d’un équilibre entre les besoins spécifiques des communautés et la tendance vers la standardisation et, last not least, par la prise en compte du facteur humain.
Étude comparative des services nationaux de recherche
Authors: CATHERINE Hugo
Published: June 2023

Plusieurs pays ont mis en place une infrastructure nationale pour la diffusion et la conservation des données de recherche. Dans le cadre d’un groupe de travail du Comité pour la science ouverte, l’auteur a réalisé une étude comparative de ces infrastructures dans sept pays. Quels sont les objectifs, missions et modalités de gouvernance de ces infrastructures ? Quels sont leurs modèles économiques ? Quels sont les principaux fonctionnalités et services ? Ce chapitre propose une synthèse de cette étude.
Production de carburants solaires par dissociation thermochimique de l’eau et du CO2
Authors: ABANADES Stéphane
Published: June 2023

La dissociation de H2O et la conversion du CO2 par voie solaire à partir de cycles thermochimiques à deux étapes est une méthode efficace pour la génération d’hydrogène et de combustibles de synthèse. Ce chapitre décrit les différents cycles redox basés sur des oxydes métalliques avec apport d’énergie solaire concentrée, ainsi que les possibilités d’intégration dans des réacteurs thermochimiques solaires.
Systèmes optiques de concentration
Authors: HÉNAULT François , GRANGE Benjamin , FALCOZ Quentin
Published: June 2023

La première partie de ce chapitre revient sur l’interaction entre le rayonnement solaire et l’atmosphère, puis décrit les trois composantes de l’éclairement solaire et les instruments de mesure associés. Dans la seconde partie, les principales techniques de prévision de l’éclairement normal direct sont présentées, avec un accent particulier sur la prévision infra-horaire.
Récepteurs solaires
Authors: GRANGE Benjamin
Published: June 2023

Ce chapitre décrit les caractéristiques des tubes absorbeurs utilisés dans les centrales solaires à concentration linéaire. Ensuite, les récepteurs solaires actuels puis les concepts émergents pour centrales à tour sont présentés. Enfin, les différentes pertes thermiques sont détaillées, le rendement thermique est exprimé et un modèle thermique simple et rapide de récepteur solaire est proposé.
Systèmes hybrides PV-CSP
Authors: VOSSIER Alexis , ZEITOUNY Joya
Published: June 2023

Ce chapitre est consacré aux technologies hybrides PV/CSP associant des systèmes de conversion thermiques et photovoltaïques. Le principe de fonctionnement des principales approches hybrides est détaillé. Les facteurs limitant susceptibles d’affecter les performances de ces systèmes sont ensuite discutés. Enfin, les nouveaux concepts développés afin d’accroitre la pilotabilité des systèmes de production d’électricité solaire sont passés en revue.
Estimating methane emissions in the Arctic nations using surface observations from 2008 to 2019
Authors: Wittig Sophie , Berchet Antoine , Pison Isabelle , Saunois Marielle , Thanwerdas Joël , Martinez Adrien , Paris Jean-Daniel , Machida Toshinobu , Sasakawa Motoki , Worthy Douglas E. J. , Lan Xin , Thompson Rona L. , Sollum Espen , Arshinov Mikhail
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The Arctic is a critical region in terms of global warming.
Environmental changes are already progressing steadily in high northern latitudes, whereby, among other effects, a high potential for enhanced methane (CH4) emissions is induced.
With CH4 being a potent greenhouse gas, additional emissions from Arctic regions may intensify global warming in the future through positive feedback.
Various natural and anthropogenic sources are currently contributing to the Arctic's CH4 budget; however, the quantification of those emissions remains challenging.
Assessing the amount of CH4 emissions in the Arctic and their contribution to the global budget still remains challenging. On the one hand, this is due to the difficulties in carrying out accurate measurements in such remote areas. Besides, large variations in the spatial distribution of methane sources and a poor understanding of the effects of ongoing changes in carbon decomposition, vegetation and hydrology also complicate the assessment. Therefore, the aim of this work is to reduce uncertainties in current bottom-up estimates of CH4 emissions as well as soil oxidation by implementing an inverse modelling approach in order to better quantify CH4 sources and sinks for the most recent years (2008 to 2019). More precisely, the objective is to detect occurring trends in the CH4 emissions and potential changes in seasonal emission patterns.
The implementation of the inversion included footprint simulations obtained with the atmospheric transport model FLEXPART (FLEXible PARTicle dispersion model), various emission estimates from inventories and land surface models, and data on atmospheric CH4 concentrations from 41 surface observation sites in the Arctic nations. The results of the inversion showed that the majority of the CH4 sources currently present in high northern latitudes are poorly constrained by the existing observation network. Therefore, conclusions on trends and changes in the seasonal cycle could not be obtained for the corresponding CH4 sectors. Only CH4 fluxes from wetlands are adequately constrained, predominantly in North America. Within the period under study, wetland emissions show a slight negative trend in North America and a slight positive trend in East Eurasia. Overall, the estimated CH4 emissions are lower compared to the bottom-up estimates but higher than similar results from global inversions.
The Langley Ratio method, a new approach for transferring photometer calibration from direct sun measurements
Authors: Almansa Antonio Fernando , Barreto África , Kouremeti Natalia , González Ramiro , Masoom Akriti , Toledano Carlos , Gröbner Julian , García Rosa Delia , González Yenny , Kazadzis Stelios , Victori Stephane , Álvarez Óscar , Carreño Virgilio , Cachorro Victoria Eugenia , Cuevas Emilio
Published: June 2023

Abstract. This article presents a new method for transferring calibration from a reference photometer, referred to as the "master'', to a secondary photometer, referred to as the "field'', using a synergetic approach when master and field instruments have different spectral bands. The method was first applied between a PFR, (Precision Filter Radiometer) instrument from the World Optical Depth Research and Calibration Center (WORCC) considered the reference by the WMO (World Meteorological Organization), and a CE318-TS photometer, the standard photometer used by AERONET (AErosol RObotic NETwork). These two photometers have different optics, sun-tracking systems and spectral bands. The Langley Ratio method (LR) proposed in this study was used to transfer calibration to the closest spectral bands for 1-minute synchronous data, for airmasses between 2 and 5, and was compared to the state of the art Langley calibration technique. The study was conducted at two different locations, Izaña Observatory (IZO) and Valladolid, where measurements were collected almost simultaneously over a six-month period under different aerosol regimes. In terms of calibration aspects, our results showed very low relative differences and standard deviations in the calibration constant transferred in Izaña from PFR to Cimel, up to 0.29 % and 0.46 %, respectively, once external factors such as different field-of-view between photometers or the presence of calibration issues were considered. However, these differences were higher in the comparison performed at Valladolid (1.04 %) and in the shorter wavelengths spectral bands (up to 0.78 % in Izaña and 1.61 % in Valladolid). Additionally, the LR method was successfully used to transfer calibrations between different versions of the CE318-T photometer, providing an accurate calibration transfer (0.17 % to 0.69 %) in the morning LRs, even when the instruments had differences in their central wavelengths (Δλ up to 91 nm). Overall, our results indicate that the LR method is a useful tool not only for transferring calibrations but also for detecting and correcting possible instrumental issues. This is exemplified by the temperature dependence on the two Cimel UV spectral bands, which was estimated by means of the LR method to be ~ -0.09x10-2/° in the case of 380 nm and ~ -0.03x10x10-2/° in the case of 340 nm. This estimation served us to implement the first operative temperature correction on ultraviolet (UV) spectral bands.
A process-based model for quantifying the effects of canal blocking on water table and CO2 emissions in tropical peatlands
Authors: Urzainki Iñaki , Palviainen Marjo , Hökkä Hannu , Persch Sebastian , Chatellier Jeffrey , Wang Ophelia , Mahardhitama Prasetya , Yudhista Rizaldy , Laurén Annamari
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Drainage in tropical peatlands increases CO2 emissions, the rate of subsidence, and the risk of forest fires.
To a certain extent, these effects can be mitigated by raising the water table depth (WTD) using canal or ditch blocks.
The performance of canal blocks in raising WTD is, however, poorly understood because the WTD monitoring data are limited and spatially concentrated around canals and canal blocks.
This raises the following question: how effective are canal blocks in raising the WTD over large areas?
In this work, we composed a process-based hydrological model to assess the peatland restoration performance of 168 canal blocks in a 22 000 ha peatland area in Sumatra, Indonesia.
We simulated daily WTD over 1 year using an existing canal block setup and compared it to the situation without blocks.
The study was performed across two contrasting weather scenarios representing dry (1997) and wet (2013) years.
Our simulations revealed that, while canal blocks had a net positive impact on WTD rise, they lowered WTD in some areas, and the extent of their effect over 1 year was limited to a distance of about 600 m around the canals.
We also show that canal blocks are most effective in peatlands with high hydraulic conductivity.
Averaging over all modeled scenarios, blocks raised the annual mean WTD by only 1.5 cm.
This value was similar in the dry (1.44 cm) and wet (1.57 cm) years, and there was a 2.13 fold difference between the scenarios with large and small hydraulic conductivities (2.05 cm versus 0.96 cm).
Using a linear relationship between WTD and CO2 emissions, we estimated that, averaging over peat hydraulic properties, canal blocks prevented the emission of 1.07 Mg ha−1 CO2 in the dry year and 1.17 Mg ha−1 CO2 in the wet year.
We believe that the modeling tools developed in this work could be adopted by local stakeholders aiming at a more effective and evidence-based approach to canal-block-based peatland restoration.
Sensitivity of cloud phase distribution to cloud microphysics and thermodynamics in simulated deep convective clouds and SEVIRI retrievals
Authors: Han Cunbo , Hoose Corinna , Stengel Martin , Coopman Quentin , Barrett Andrew
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The formation of ice in clouds is an important process in mixed-phase clouds, and the radiative properties and dynamical developments of clouds strongly depend on their partitioning between liquid and ice phases. In this study, we investigate the sensitivities of the cloud phase to ice-nucleating particle (INP) concentration and thermodynamics. Experiments are conducted using the ICOsahedral Nonhydrostatic model (ICON) at the convection-permitting resolution of about 1.2 km on a domain covering significant parts of central Europe, and are compared to two different retrieval products based on SEVIRI measurements. We select a day with several isolated deep convective clouds, reaching a homogeneous freezing temperature at the cloud top. The simulated cloud liquid pixel number fractions are found to decrease with increasing INP concentration both within clouds and at the cloud top. The decrease in cloud liquid pixel number fraction is not monotonic but is stronger in high INP cases. Cloud-top glaciation temperatures shift toward warmer temperatures with increasing INP concentration by as much as 8 °C. Moreover, the impact of INP concentration on cloud phase partitioning is more pronounced at the cloud top than within the cloud. Moreover, initial and lateral boundary temperature fields are perturbed with increasing and decreasing temperature increments from 0 to +/-3 K and +/-5 K between 3 and 12 km. Perturbing the initial thermodynamic state is also found to affect the cloud phase distribution systematically. However, the simulated cloud-top liquid number fraction, diagnosed using radiative transfer simulations as input to a satellite forward operator and two different satellite remote sensing retrieval algorithms, deviates from one of the satellite products regardless of perturbations in the INP concentration or the initial thermodynamic state for warmer sub-zero temperatures, while agreeing with the other retrieval scheme much better, in particular for the high INP and high convective available potential energy (CAPE) scenarios. Perturbing the initial thermodynamic state, which artificially increases the instability of the mid- and upper-troposphere, brings the simulated cloud-top liquid number fraction closer to the satellite observations, especially in the warmer mixed-phase temperature range.
Impact of climate change on persistent cold-air pools in an alpine valley during the 21st century
Authors: Bacer Sara , Beaumet Julien , Ménégoz Martin , Gallée Hubert , Le Bouëdec Enzo , Staquet Chantal
Published: June 2023

Abstract. When anticyclonic conditions persist over mountainous regions in winter, cold-air pools (i.e. thermal inversion layers) develop in valleys and persist from a few days to a few weeks. During these persistent cold-air pool episodes (PCAPs) the atmosphere inside the valley is stable and vertical mixing is prevented, promoting the accumulation of pollutants close to the valley bottom and worsening air quality. It has been shown from reanalysis that the Greater Alpine Region has warmed by three degrees over the last four decades. The purpose of this paper is to address the impact of climate change on PCAPs until the end of this century for the alpine Grenoble valleys. The long-term projections produced with the general circulation model MPI downscaled over the Alps with the regional climate model MAR (Modèle Atmosphérique Régional) are used to perform a statistical study of PCAPs over the 21st century. The trends of the main characteristics of PCAPs, namely their duration, frequency, and intensity, are investigated for two future scenarios, SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5. We find that the intensity of PCAPs over the 21st century displays a statistically significant decreasing trend for the SSP5-8.5 scenario only, with a very weak decay rate of 0.058 K km−1 decade−1. The impact of climate change on the detailed structure of PCAPs is next investigated by comparing two such episodes, in the past and around 2050 considering the worst-case scenario (SSP5-8.5). For this purpose, the WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting) model, forced by MAR, is used at a high resolution (111 m). The episodes are carefully selected so that a meaningful comparison can be performed. We find that these episodes present similar atmospheric circulation and heat deficit across the valley depth but different atmospheric stability and (therefore) a different inversion height. The future episode is characterised by stronger atmospheric stability and a lower inversion height and about 4 degrees warmer air both close to the surface and in altitude. Overall, this study shows that the atmosphere in the Grenoble valleys tends to be slightly less stable in the future, under the SSP5-8.5 scenario, but that intense PCAPs can still form.
Afforestation impacts on terrestrial hydrology insignificant compared to climate change in Great Britain
Authors: Buechel Marcus Edmund Henry , Slater Louise , Dadson Simon
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Widespread afforestation has been proposed internationally to reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide, however the specific hydrological consequences and benefits of such large-scale afforestation (e.g., Natural Flood Management) are poorly understood. We use a high-resolution land surface model, JULES, with realistic potential afforestation scenarios to quantify possible hydrological change across Great Britain in both present and projected climate. We assess whether proposed afforestation produces significantly different regional responses across regions; whether hydrological fluxes, stores and events are significantly altered by afforestation relative to climate; and how future hydrological processes may be altered up to 2050. Additionally, this enables determination of the relative sensitivity of land surface process representation in JULES compared to climate changes. For these three aims we run simulations using: (i) past climate with proposed land cover changes and known floods and drought events; (ii) past climate with independent changes in precipitation, temperature, and CO2; and (iii) a potential future climate (2020–2050). We find the proposed scale of afforestation is unlikely to significantly alter regional hydrology, however it can noticeably decrease low flows whilst not reducing high flows. The afforestation levels minimally impact hydrological processes compared to changes in precipitation, temperature, and CO2. Warming average temperatures (+ 3 °C) decreases streamflow, while rising precipitation (130 %) and CO2 (600 ppm) increase streamflow. Changes in high flow are generated because of evaporative parameterisations whereas low flows are controlled by runoff model parameterisations. In this study, land surface parameters within a land surface model do not substantially alter hydrological processes when compared to climate.
AUTOMATED DETECTION AND VECTORIZATION OF ROAD ELEMENTS IN HIGH RESOLUTION ORTHOGRAPHIC IMAGES
Authors: Svatý Z. , Vrtal P. , Kouhout T. , Nouzovský L.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. This paper proposes, describes, and applies an algorithm for the automatic detection of selected elements of road infrastructure, along with the option to determine their spatial information. The principle is based on the evaluation of the color spectrum of the selected object on orthographic images. As a source image used for the processing, output from low-altitude aerial photogrammetry or terrestrial laser scanning can be used, together with the option to implement digital elevation models into the processing. The approach is based on the detection of the color composition of the selected element of the road, followed by clustering of the identified elements within the image and mathematical transformation of the clusters into a spatial vector form. Prior to the processing, the target objects are filtered out based on user input, for which vectorization is performed. The outputs are in the form of contours or the determined basic structure of the object. The main difference compared to existing methods is that the vectorization is only performed on the selected, pre-filtered parts of the raster image with identified target objects, not the whole image. This approach makes it possible to effectively and automatically identify and analyze, e.g., the edge of the road, road markings, or road features. This enables the subsequent implementation of the identified outputs into more complex spatial models of the road or its proximity. Additionally, the processing of the data to create a digital model of the environment can be automated, with a significant saving of time and related costs.
A BRIEF FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS OF HBIM/GIS INTEGRATION IN THE INFRASTRUCTURE HERITAGE CONSERVATION: THE CASE OF THE CHINESE EASTERN RAILWAY(CER) MAIN LINE
Authors: Xu J. , Scaioni M.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Large-scale infrastructure is typically regarded as a symbol of technological and engineering development during its construction time. This phenomenon is particularly evident in the infrastructure heritage along the Chinese Eastern Railway (CER) Main Line. However, the conservation of this crucial component of the CER, which is an important cross-culture and linear heritage in China, has received little attention, with conservation methods remaining relatively traditional. Due to threats posed by human and natural factors, the remaining infrastructure heritage is at risk of being lost. Additionally, the vanished part, including the infrastructure and technical heritage applied during construction, cannot be revealed. To address this issue, new technologies and management methods, such as BIM/HBIM and GIS, should be introduced to reconstruct the vanished part and record the status quo of what still remains. We propose building a database that integrates HBIM and GIS to facilitate the preservation of this historic infrastructure and analyse the feasibility of this method. Our research aims to establish an accurate, efficient, and collaborative method for integrating historical data and preserving the infrastructure heritage along the Main Line of the CER.
OPTIMIZATION GEOMETRIC MODELS OF TRANSPORT NETWORK TRACING USED IN CITY PLANNING
Authors: Kuspekov K. A.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The article discusses the improvement of methods of tracing transport networks in the context of optimal planning of cities and settlements. It is necessary to provide a systematic approach to planning. The development of the master plan considers the division of the territory into traditional functional zones. Functional zones are modeled in the form of circles and rectangles. Then these zones are divided into separate subsets. Objects located inside functional zones are modeled by points, and objects connecting these points by straight lines. Network tracing is achieved by constructing an orthogonal Steiner network taking into account the weight coefficients of the functional zones. Orthogonal or Euclidean Steiner networks are constructed in subsets. The construction of a network and pedestrian roads inside the functional zones is being carried out. When solving this problem, the calculation of the need for transport is also provided. Optimization of the transport network tracing is as follows: for a given set of points, it is required to determine the number and optimal location of additional points, so that the total length of the network is minimal. The shortest path to the points is determined. Optimization geometric models are an effective and visual means of developing various options for tracing the network between functional zones and within zones. From several network tracing options, a network that meets the pre-set planning requirements is selected. Allows you to analyze and make the right decision in determining the promising direction of development and construction of a city or settlement.
Olhares neoliberais sobre os riscos: repercussões na proteção à infância no Reino Unido
Authors: Menezes Manuel
Published: June 2023

Despontando na sequência de um conjunto de reflexões por nós desenvolvidas nos últimos anos reveladoras de como a partir de finais do século XX, por um lado, o debate e a semântica do risco ganharam uma centralidade até aí desconhecida e, por outro, as ideias e práticas políticas neoliberais mediadas por intentos de privatização da proteção social e da dessocialização dos riscos, ganharam novo fulgor. O artigo busca problematizar e refletir sobre os impactos, inquietações provocadas por essas questões no agir quotidiano dos assistentes sociais. Problematiza as mediações complexas que perpassam as avaliações e decisões a tomar ante os riscos. Objetiva discutir e analisar como a agenda política neoliberal, evidenciando mutações nos olhares, representações sobre o saber-fazer profissional e a apreensão, enfrentamento, avaliação e regulação das situações de risco/perigo experiências pelas crianças e suas famílias, impactou, contribuiu para uma reconfiguração das práticas, identidades e valores do Serviço Social a intervir na esfera da proteção à infância no Reino Unido. Metodologicamente, optou-se por uma abordagem de cariz qualitativo, recorrendo a uma revisão sistemática e consistente da literatura especializada disponível em bases de dados científicas. Os resultados mostram como, no decurso do período em análise, a introdução de reformas na proteção à infância, evidencia a emergência de novas lógicas de gestão dos riscos mediados por uma cultura atuarial. A implementação de sistemas de gestão do risco cada vez mais científicos, ao contribuir para uma subordinação em crescendo da autonomia, expertise profissional a protocolos informáticos, propugnou uma redefinição da natureza do Serviço Social.
“La niña de su papá”: hijas de padres haitianos inmigrantes en Chile
Authors: Poblete Godoy Daniela
Published: June 2023

El artículo analiza la posición de poder del padre varón haitiano recién llegado a Chile y la resignificación del rol de autoridad patriarcal. Los entrevistados identifican los cambios y riesgos que vivirán sus hijas una vez convertidas en mujeres en la sociedad chilena, redefiniendo con ello su rol parental. En oposición al estatus de género forjado en la sociedad de origen, ellos flexibilizan expectativas de mayor cercanía afectiva en crianza y liberan ciertos estereotipos. Se concluye con desafíos para las políticas educativas y sanitarias para asegurar el libre desarrollo de las niñas haitianas en la sociedad chilena.
دراسة مقارنة المنهج الأمريكي لرياض الأطفال Highscope والمنهج السعودي لرياض الأطفال (التعلم الذاتي)
Authors:   معيد، كلية التربية، جامعه الملك سعود، المملكة العربية السعودية, الخثلان سارة , المهنا هنادي ,   معيد، كلية التربية، جامعه الملك سعود، المملكة العربية السعودية, المنصور أماني ,   ماجستير الآداب في تربية الطفولة المبكرة، كلية التربية، جامعه الملك سعود، المملكة العربية السعودية, الشنواني هانيا ,   أستاذ مشارك، قسم الطفولة المبكرة، كلية التربية جامعه الملك سعود، المملكة العربية السعودية
Published: June 2023

تهدف هذه الدراسة الحالية إلى التعرف على مدى الاختلاف بين منهج التعلم الذاتي ومنهج HIGHSCOPE ومدى توافق بينهم، وتحديد مَواطن القوة والضعف لهذين المنهجين، من خلال إجراء مقارنة بين منهج التعلم الذاتي لمرحلة رياض الأطفال في المملكة العربية السعودية ومنهج HIGHSCOPE لمرحلة رياض الأطفال في الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية، ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة تم استخدام المنهج التحليلي المقارن، وكان من بين النتائج التي أسفرت عنها الدراسة ما يلي: اختلفا المنهج في مجموعة من النقاط، نبدؤها بالنشأة، حيث نشأ التعلم الذاتي كمنهج رسمي لوزارة التعليم في المملكة العربية السعودية، على النقيض فإن منهج HIGHSCOPE نشأ كمخيّم صيفي خاص بالمراهقين الموهوبين. اختلاف دور المعلمة في منهج التعلم الذاتي وهو تلبية رغبات كل طفل، واستعدادها لمساعدته على التوصل إلى إجابات عن أسئلته من خلال تهيئة المكان، في حين أن دور المعلمة في منهج HIGHSCOPE الملاحظة الدقيقة، والتخطيط، والتنظيم للبيئة التعليمية، والتعلم النشط، والتفاعل بإيجابية، كما اختلفت طرق التدريس حيث يقدم منهج التعلم الذاتي على شكل أنشطة داخل الروتين اليومي للأطفال، بينما منهج HIGHSCOPE يقدم على هيئة مشروع ينفذه الأطفال ويراقبون تطوره يومًا بعد يوم. وإن المناهج التي لم يُبنَ تطويرها على خطة علمية سليمة سوف يؤدي ذلك إلى تخلفها وفشلها، فهناك خطوات معينة يجب اتباعها عند التحسين، وهناك أساليب لعلاج فشل المنهج. وبالتالي، فإن هذه الأساليب التالية يمكن أن تساعد في تطوير المناهج، وتعمل على عدم فشلها.