bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PASEDHULURAN AS A SOCIAL CAPITAL FOR LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: EVIDENCE FROM POTTERY VILLAGE
Authors: Karmilah Mila , Nuryanti Wiendu , Soewarno Nindyo , Setiawan Bakti
Published: June 2014

The increase in both industrialization and tourism in Kasongan village famous with its pottery being the tourism Village since 1988, radically altered the local economy and domestic life. Based on oral history, survey, and documentary sources, this paper examine the impact of economics globalization to the diversity of culture in Kasongan. Globalization has two faces. If it can be managed properly, globalization can certainly give sufficient benefit to the country. The result of study indicated that pasedhuluran kinship systems in pottery production chain as one of social capital in socio-economic development in Kasongan, play an important role. This can be seen in terms of hiring local labor, then the pottery associated with the ordering system, and the use of the showroom to promote their pottery. Based on this note that the negative impact of globalization, especially the pottery in Kasongan indsutry can be minimized by pasedhuluran system. Peningkatan industrialisasi dan pariwisata di Desa Kasongan yang terkenal dengan kerajinan gerabah yang telah berkembang sejak tahun 1972 dan menjadi desa wisata pada tahun 1988, secara radikal telah mengubah ekonomi lokal dan kehidupan masyarakat di desa tersebut. Berdasarkan wawancara terkait sejarah, survei, dan sumber-sumber dokumenter lainnya, maka tulisan ini akan mengkaji dampak globalisasi ekonomi terhadap keragaman budaya masyarakat setempat. Globalisasi memiliki dua sisi. Jika globalisasi dapat dikelola dengan baik, maka globalisasi dapat memberikan manfaat yang cukup baik bagi negara. Namun, jika suatu negara tidak dapat beradaptasi dan menentukan strategi yang perlu diterapkan dalam rangka menghadapi globalisasi, negara akan menjadi korban dari globalisasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pasedhuluran adalah sistem kekerabatan di rantai produksi kegiatan produksi gerabah. Pasedhuluran sebagai salah satu modal sosial dalam pembangunan sosial-ekonomi di Kasongan, memainkan peranan yang penting. Hal ini terlihat dalam sistem tenaga kerja, dimana sebagian besar merupakan keluarga.  Selain sistem tenaga kerja pasedhulran juga terlihat pada sistem pemesanan (order gerabah), dan menggunakan showroom sebagai tempat mempromosikan gerabah mereka. Berdasarkan studi ini diketahui bahwa dampak globalisasi dapat diminimalisir dengan adanya sistem kekerabatan (pasedhuluran).
KONTESTASI DISKURSUS KETAHANAN PANGAN DAN PEMBENTUKAN KUASA PENGETAHUAN PEREMPUAN PADA KELUARGA PETANI SAWAH DI SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: - Yunindyawati , Sumarti Titik , Adiwibowo Soeryo , Vitayala S. Hubbeis Aida , - Hardinsyah
Published: June 2014

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji diskursus ketahanan pangan antaraktor dan pembentukan kuasa pengetahuan perempuan pada keluarga petani sawah lebak di Kecamatan Pemulutan Selatan kabupaten Ogan Ilir Sumatera Selatan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan paradigma konstruktivistik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga  aktor utama dalam diskursus ketahanan pangan yakni pemerintah, komunitas dan pelaku usaha. Masing-masing aktor berupaya mempraktikkan diskursusnya pada keluarga petani. Pada saat mempraktikkan diskursus terjadi interaksi diskursus antaraktor yang bersifat sinergis. Namun diskursus yang paling dominan dipraktikkan oleh keluarga adalah diskursus komunitas, sementara diskursus pemerintah sebagai pelengkap dan diskursus pelaku usaha sebagai pendorong. Pembentukan kuasa pengetahuan perempuan oleh para aktor bersifat elastis dan terdapat perbedaan akses dalam pembentukan kuasa pengetahuan perempuan berdasarkan perbedaan kelas sosial. This study was to examine food security discourse between actors in the farmers family and the formation of the power of women’s knowledge. The method used was a qualitative method using constructivism paradigm. Research findings indicate that there were three main actors in the discourse of food security namely the government, community and business. Each attempt to practice their discourse on family farmers. It turns out that in practice this discourse, there were interaction between actors in synergy. But the most dominant discourse was discourse of community that practiced by the family while the government discourse as a supplement and entrepreneurs discourse as a spur. Formation of the power of women’s knowledge by actors were flexibles/elastics and there were differences acces of formation in power of women’s knowledge between women in different social classes
Free and sulfated steroids secretion in postpubertal boars (Sus scrofa domestica)
Authors: Schuler G , Dezhkam Y , Bingsohn L , Hoffmann B , Failing K , Galuska C E , Hartmann M F , Sánchez-Guijo A , Wudy S A
Published: June 2014

Sulfated steroids have been traditionally regarded as inactive metabolites. However, they may also serve as precursors for the production of active free steroids in target cells. In this study, we used the boar as a model to study the metabolism, transport, and function of steroid sulfates due to their high production in the porcine testicular–epididymal compartment, of which the role is unknown. To characterize the secretion of free and sulfated steroids, plasma samples were collected from six postpubertal boars over 6 h every 20 min from the jugular vein. Long-term secretion profiles were also established in seven boars stimulated with human chorionic gonadotropin. To directly characterize the testicular output, samples were collected from superficial testicular arterial and venous blood vessels. Testosterone, androstenedione and sulfated pregnenolone, DHEA, estrone (E1), and estradiol-17β (E2) were determined by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Free E1 and E2 were measured by RIA. Irrespective of a high variability between individuals, the results suggest that i) all steroids assessed are primarily produced in the testis, ii) they exhibit similar profiles pointing to a pulsatile secretion with low frequency (three to five pulses per day), and iii) after synthesis at least a major proportion is immediately released into peripheral circulation. The fact that all steroid sulfates assessed are original testicular products and their high correlations with one another suggest their role as being intermediates of testicular steroidogenesis rather than as being inactivated end products. Moreover, a substantial use of sulfated steroids in porcine testicular steroidogenesis would assign a crucial regulatory role to steroid sulfatase, which is highly expressed in Leydig cells.
Literacy Promotion: An Essential Component of Primary Care Pediatric Practice
Authors:   COUNCIL ON EARLY CHILDHOOD, High Pamela C. , Klass Perri , Donoghue Elaine , Glassy Danette , DelConte Beth , Earls Marian , Lieser Dina , McFadden Terri , Mendelsohn Alan , Scholer Seth , Schulte Elaine E. , Takagishi Jennifer , Vanderbilt Douglas , Williams P. Gail
Published: June 2014

This Policy Statement was revised. See https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2024-069090.

Reading regularly with young children stimulates optimal patterns of brain development and strengthens parent-child relationships at a critical time in child development, which, in turn, builds language, literacy, and social-emotional skills that last a lifetime. Pediatric providers have a unique opportunity to encourage parents to engage in this important and enjoyable activity with their children beginning in infancy. Research has revealed that parents listen and children learn as a result of literacy promotion by pediatricians, which provides a practical and evidence-based opportunity to support early brain development in primary care practice. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends that pediatric providers promote early literacy development for children beginning in infancy and continuing at least until the age of kindergarten entry by (1) advising all parents that reading aloud with young children can enhance parent-child relationships and prepare young minds to learn language and early literacy skills; (2) counseling all parents about developmentally appropriate shared-reading activities that are enjoyable for children and their parents and offer language-rich exposure to books, pictures, and the written word; (3) providing developmentally appropriate books given at health supervision visits for all high-risk, low-income young children; (4) using a robust spectrum of options to support and promote these efforts; and (5) partnering with other child advocates to influence national messaging and policies that support and promote these key early shared-reading experiences. The AAP supports federal and state funding for children’s books to be provided at pediatric health supervision visits to children at high risk living at or near the poverty threshold and the integration of literacy promotion, an essential component of pediatric primary care, into pediatric resident education. This policy statement is supported by the AAP technical report “School Readiness” and supports the AAP policy statement “Early Childhood Adversity, Toxic Stress, and the Role of the Pediatrician: Translating Developmental Science Into Lifelong Health.”
A preliminary investigation into the use of fixed formulaic sequences as a marker of authorship
Authors: Larner Samuel
Published: June 2014

This research unites the theory of formulaic language—prefabricated sequences of words believed to be stored as holistic units—and the practice of forensic authorship attribution with a view to developing a new marker of authorship. It stands to reason that since formulaic sequences are holistically processed as single lexical items, they are likely to elude a writer's attempts to disguise their style. Furthermore, evidence suggests that individuals have different stores of formulaic sequences. Therefore, research into differences in formulaic language usage may assist in the development of new tools for authorship attribution. In order to test this assertion, a reference list containing 13,412 formulaic sequences was compiled from multiple online sources. This was then used to identify formulaic sequences in a 20 author corpus containing 100 personal narratives. After exploring the types of formulaic sequences used by authors, statistical tests were used to determine whether the count of formulaic words was sufficient to establish variation between authors and to attribute a Questioned Text to its author.
A likelihood ratio-based evaluation of strength of authorship attribution evidence in SMS messages using N-grams
Authors: Ishihara Shunichi
Published: June 2014

An experiment in forensic text comparison (FTC) within the likelihood ratio (LR) framework is described. The experiment attempts to determine the strength of authorship attribution evidence modelled with N-grams, which is perhaps one of the most basic automatic modelling techniques. The SMS messages of multiple authors selected from the SMS corpus compiled by the National University of Singapore were used for same- and different-author comparisons. I varied the number of words used for the N-gram modelling (200, 1000, 2000 or 3000 words), and then assessed the performance of each set. The performance of the LR-based FTC system was assessed with the log likelihood ratio cost (Cllr). It is shown in this study that N-grams can be employed within an LR framework to discriminate same-author and different-author SMS texts, but a fairly large amount of data are needed to do it well (i.e. to obtain Cllr < 0.75). It is concluded that the LR framework warrants further examination with different features and processing techniques.
Developments in the linguistic description of Indian English
Authors: Kashyap Abhishek Kumar
Published: June 2014

This article provides a survey of the developments that have taken place in the description of Indian English in the past two centuries, with particular attention to the phenomena of language (e.g. phonology, lexicogrammar, and pragmatics) that have been examined from a descriptive perspective. The evolution of English in India through centuries of use, first during the colonial period and then as the “associate official language” of independent India, stimulated the development of descriptions of all aspects of the language. The critical review in this article, however, demonstrates that the linguistic descriptions except those in relation to society are scant and the often-made intuitive observation that IndE is extensively studied does not apply to the description of linguistic phenomena. While providing lists of features based on impressionistic or small-scale data dominated the later part of the 20th century, the focus of current research has shifted to corpus-based and quantitative investigations. This article explores the systems of IndE that have been studied in descriptive research, shows that the attitude towards linguistic descriptions is linked to the growth and use of English over time, and aims to stimulate further research by posing key questions that need to be answered.
Argument structure as an interactive resource by undergraduate students
Authors: Lee Sook Hee
Published: June 2014

The present study compares high-graded essays (HGEs) with low-graded essays (LGEs) as well as essays written by international students from East-Asian countries with those written by local students in Australia in terms of their use of structures. An Australian genre-based approach within a Systemic Functional Linguistics framework was basically utilized to analyse the undergraduate students’ construction of argument structure. However, in the process of applying the existing frameworks to the given contexts, some revisions were required to analyse the delicate levels of schematic structure. Further, social approaches in writing were incorporated to stress an interpersonal perspective of genre termed interactive resources. Analysis results along with ethnographic data reveal that while not many differences between L1 and l2 writers were identified, significant structural differences were found between HGEs and LGEs. HGEs display a much more direct way of organising information than LGEs, in particular, within the discourse semantic or paragraph level of the structure. The educational and theoretical implications of using structure as an interactive resource are discussed in relation to teaching an academic argument in EAP (English for Academic Purposes) courses at university
A Murine Model of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Peri-Implant Mucositis and Peri-Implantitis
Authors: Pirih Flavia Q. , Hiyari Sarah , Leung Ho-Yin , Barroso Ana D. V. , Jorge Adrian C. A. , Perussolo Jeniffer , Atti Elisa , Lin Yi-Ling , Tetradis Sotirios , Camargo Paulo M.
Published: June 2014

Dental implants are a widely used treatment option for tooth replacement. However, they are susceptible to inflammatory diseases such as peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis, which are highly prevalent and may lead to implant loss. Unfortunately, the understanding of the pathogenesis of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis is fragmented and incomplete. Therefore, the availability of a reproducible animal model to study these inflammatory diseases would facilitate the dissection of their pathogenic mechanisms. The objective of this study is to propose a murine model of experimental peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. Screw-shaped titanium implants were placed in the upper healed edentulous alveolar ridges of C57BL/6J mice 8 weeks after tooth extraction. Following 4 weeks of osseointegration, Porphyromonas gingivalis-lipolysaccharide (LPS) injections were delivered to the peri-implant soft tissues for 6 weeks. No-injections and vehicle injections were utilized as controls. Peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis were assessed clinically, radiographically (microcomputerized tomograph [CT]), and histologically following LPS-treatment. LPS-injections resulted in a significant increase in soft tissue edema around the head of the implants as compared to the control groups. Micro-CT analysis revealed significantly greater bone loss in the LPS-treated implants. Histological analysis of the specimens demonstrated that the LPS-group had increased soft tissue vascularity, which harbored a dense mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate, and the bone exhibited noticeable osteoclast activity. The induction of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis in mice via localized delivery of bacterial LPS has been demonstrated. We anticipate that this model will contribute to the development of more effective preventive and therapeutic approaches for these 2 conditions.
Protists and bacteria interactions in the presence of oil
Authors: BITENCOURT JOSÉ A.P. , SILVA FREDERICO SOBRINHO , SILVA-NETO INÁCIO D. DA , CRAPEZ MIRIAN A.C.
Published: June 2014

Little is known about the role of protists and bacteria interactions during hydrocarbon biodegradation. This work focused on the effect of oil on protists from three different locations in Guanabara Bay and bacteria from Caulerpa racemosa (BCr), Dictyota menstrualis (BDm) and Laurencia obtusa (BLo) during a 96 h bioassay. Cryptomonadida (site 1, 2 and 3), Scuticociliatida (site 2) and Euplotes sp.1 and Euplotes sp.2 (site 3) appeared after incubation. The highest biomass observed in the controls was as follows: protist site 3 (6.0 µgC.cm–3, 96 h) compared to site 3 with oil (0.7 µgC.cm–3, 96 h); for bacteria, 8.6 µgC.cm–3(BDm, 72 h) and 17.0 µgC.cm–3(BCr with oil, 24 h). After treatment, the highest biomasses were as follows: protists at site 1 and BLo, 6.0 µgC.cm–3 (96 h), compared to site 1 and BLo with oil, 3.31 µgC.cm–3 (96 h); the bacterial biomass was 43.1 µgC.cm–3 at site 2 and BDm (96 h). At site 3 and BLo with oil, the biomass was 18.21 µgC.cm–3 (48 h). The highest biofilm proportions were observed from BCr 1.7 µm (96 h) and BLo with oil 1.8 µm (24 h). BCr, BLo and BDm enhanced biofilm size and reduced the capacity of protists to prey.
Use of the correlation between input variables in estimating the risk of feedlot finishing of steers and young steers
Authors: PACHECO PAULO S. , RESTLE JOÃO , PASCOAL LEONIR L. , VAZ FABIANO N. , VAZ RICARDO Z. , VALENÇA KAROLINE G. , OLEGARIO JANAINE L.
Published: June 2014

The objective of this study was to evaluate the risk of feedlot finishing of steers (22.8 months) and young steers (15.2 months), using or not a correlation between the random input variables (data collected from 2004 to 2010) in the simulation of the Net Present Value (NPV) financial indicator. The animals were fed a diet containing roughage:concentrate ratio of 60:40 for 34 and 143 days, respectively, until they had reached a predetermined slaughter weight of 430 kg. For the NPV simulation, Latin Hypercube sampling was used, with 2000 interactions. The stochastic dominance analysis, test of differences between pairs of curves of cumulative distributions and sensitivity analysis were carried out. The NPV simulation using the correlation resulted in the best option for risk estimate. The confinement of young steers was the alternative of investment most viable than confinement of steers (NPV ≥ 0 of 80.4 vs. 62.3% in the simulation with correlation, respectively). Sensitivity analysis determined the following items had the greatest impact on the estimate of NPV: prices of fat and thin cattle, initial and final weights, diet costs, minimum rate of attractiveness and diet intake.
Cardiac 123I-MIBG uptake in de novo Brazilian patients with Parkinson's disease without clinically defined dysautonomia
Authors: Leite Marco Antonio Araujo , Nascimento Osvaldo J. M. , Pereira João Santos , Amaral Clayton , Mesquita Cláudio T. , Azevedo Jader C. , Brito Adriana S. X. de , Pedras Felipe Villela
Published: June 2014

Myocardial scintigraphy with meta-iodo-benzyl-guanidine (123I cMIBG) has been studied in Parkinson's disease (PD), especially in Asian countries, but not in Latin America. Most of these studies include individuals with PD associated to a defined dysautonomia. Our goal is to report the cardiac sympathetic neurotransmission in de novo Brazilian patients with sporadic PD, without clinically defined dysautonomia. We evaluated retrospectively a series of 21 consecutive cases with PD without symptoms or signs of dysautonomia assessed by the standard bedside tests. This number was reduced to 14 with the application of exclusion criteria. 123I cMIBG SPECT up-take was low or absent in all of them and the heart/mediastinum ratio was low in 12 of 14. We concluded that 123I cMIBG has been able to identify cardiac sympathetic neurotransmission disorder in Brazilian de novo PD patients without clinically defined dysautonomia.
A new clinical sign probably associated to left hemiplegia with left hemineglect syndrome: the crossed legs
Authors: Bazan Rodrigo , Fernandes Thiago , Braga Gabriel , Luvizutto Gustavo , Resende Luiz
Published: June 2014

Objective : To describe a new clinical sign associated with left unilateral neglect syndrome (UNS) in patients with ischemic stroke. Method : Head computed tomography (CT) and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale were obtained in 150 patients with ischemic stroke. Those with right cerebral vascular lesions, left hemiplegia and right leg persistently crossed over the left were submitted to specific tests for UNS. The tests were also applied to 30 patients with right cerebral vascular lesions, left hemiplegia but without crossed legs. Results : From 9 patients with persistent tendency to cross the right leg over the left, UNS was detected in 8. One patient died before the clinical tests were applied. Of the 30 patients without the crossed legs, 20 had normal clinical tests for UNS and 10 had minimal alterations, not sufficient for the diagnosis of UNS. Conclusion : The right leg crossed over the left may represent a new neurological semiotic sign associated with left hemiplegia and left UNS.
The physical, social and emotional aspects are the most affected in the quality of life of the patients with cervical dystonia
Authors: Werle Roberta Weber , Takeda Sibele Yoko Mattozo , Zonta Marise Bueno , Guimarães Ana Tereza Bittencourt , Teive Hélio Afonso Ghizoni
Published: June 2014

Objective : Describe the functional, clinical and quality of life (QoL) profiles in patients with cervical dystonia (CD) with residual effect or without effect of botulinum toxin (BTX), as well as verify the existence of correlation between the level of motor impairment, pain and QoL. Method : Seventy patients were assessed through the Craniocervical dystonia questionnaire-24 (CDQ-24) and the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS). Results : The greater the disability, pain and severity of dystonia, the worse the QoL (p<0.0001). Greater severity relates to greater disability (p<0.0001). Pain was present in 84% of the sample, being source of disability in 41%. The most frequent complaints were: difficulty in keeping up with professional and personal demands (74.3%), feeling uneasy in public (72.9%), hindered by pain (68.6%), depressed, annoyed or bitter (47.1%), lonely or isolated (32.9%). Conclusion : The physical, social and emotional aspects are the most affected in the QoL of these patients.
Edgar Allan Poe and neurology
Authors: Teive Hélio Afonso Ghizoni , Paola Luciano de , Munhoz Renato Puppi
Published: June 2014

Edgar Allan Poe was one of the most celebrated writers of all time. He published several masterpieces, some of which include references to neurological diseases. Poe suffered from recurrent depression, suggesting a bipolar disorder, as well as alcohol and drug abuse, which in fact led to his death from complications related to alcoholism. Various hypotheses were put forward, including Wernicke's encephalopathy.
Refinement of the Brazilian Household Food Insecurity Measurement Scale: Recommendation for a 14-item EBIA
Authors: Segall-Corrêa Ana Maria , Marin-León Letícia , Melgar-Quiñonez Hugo , Pérez-Escamilla Rafael
Published: June 2014

OBJECTIVE: To review and refine Brazilian Household Food Insecurity Measurement Scale structure. METHODS: The study analyzed the impact of removing the item "adult lost weight" and one of two possibly redundant items on Brazilian Household Food Insecurity Measurement Scale psychometric behavior using the one-parameter logistic (Rasch) model. Brazilian Household Food Insecurity Measurement Scale psychometric behavior was analyzed with respect to acceptable adjustment values ranging from 0.7 to 1.3, and to severity scores of the items with theoretically expected gradients. The socioeconomic and food security indicators came from the 2004 National Household Sample Survey, which obtained complete answers to Brazilian Household Food Insecurity Measurement Scale items from 112,665 households. RESULTS: Removing the items "adult reduced amount..." followed by "adult ate less..." did not change the infit of the remaining items, except for "adult lost weight", whose infit increased from 1.21 to 1.56. The internal consistency and item severity scores did not change when "adult ate less" and one of the two redundant items were removed. CONCLUSION: Brazilian Household Food Insecurity Measurement Scale reanalysis reduced the number of scale items from 16 to 14 without changing its internal validity. Its use as a nationwide household food security measure is strongly recommended.
Teoria econômica e problemas com remuneração de professores por resultados
Authors: Alexandre Maraysa Ribeiro , Lima Ricardo Sequeira Pedroso de , Waltenberg Fábio Domingues
Published: June 2014

Tem se disseminado no Brasil o atrelamento da remuneração de professores ao desempenho de alunos em testes padronizados, políticas que não encontram fundamento teórico no campo da educação, mas sim na literatura econômico-administrativa, especialmente no chamado "modelo principal-agente". Se por alguns são vistas como peça-chave da melhoria da educação, costumam sofrer forte oposição, sobretudo de não economistas. A avaliação de experiências concretas não resolve a questão, pois tem revelado efeitos positivos, nulos e negativos. A contribuição deste artigo consiste no escrutínio do marco teórico em que se assentam as políticas de responsabilização de professores, a fim de se testar a hipótese de que os resultados inconclusivos encontrariam explicação na própria literatura econômica. Complementarmente, investiga-se se a teoria lança luz sobre razões para a forte rejeição a tais programas em certos círculos. Responde-se afirmativamente a ambas as questões.
Análise de causa raiz de acidentes por quedas e erros de medicação em hospital
Authors: Teixeira Thalyta Cardoso Alux , Cassiani Silvia Helena de Bortoli
Published: June 2014

Objetivo: Identificar incidentes por queda e erros de medicação notificados em um hospital geral e privado e apresentar as categorias de fatores causais desses incidentes. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal e exploratório realizado com 62 incidentes notificados no período de estudo. O instrumento de pesquisa foi elaborado para coletar dados dos formulários de notificação e dos prontuários dos pacientes. A validação de conteúdo do instrumento foi realizada por juízes. Foram constituídas duas equipes para análise da causa raiz dos incidentes e categorização dos fatores causais. Resultados: No período de estudo foram notificados 62 incidentes, sendo 11 quedas e 51 erros de medicação. A maior parte das quedas foi da própria altura, e os principais tipos de erros de medicação foram omissão e horário. Dos 19 incidentes analisados, um total de 118 fatores causais foram identificados, sendo a maioria relacionada às falhas sistêmicas, seguidas por falhas do indivíduo e do paciente. Conclusão: Erros de medicação ocorrem com maior frequência do que acidentes por quedas. A equipe de causa raiz analisou 14 erros de medicação com potencial para causar danos e cinco acidentes por queda, sendo identificados 83 e 35 fatores causais, respectivamente.
Caracterização do transporte de pacientes críticos na modalidade intra-hospitalar
Authors: Meneguin Silmara , Alegre Patrícia Helena Corrêa , Luppi Claudia Helena Bronzatto
Published: June 2014

Objetivo: Caracterizar o transporte de pacientes críticos em unidade de terapia intensiva adulto. Métodos: Estudo transversal onde foram incluídos 459 transportes de pacientes críticos na modalidade intrahospitalar. Os dados foram coletados nos prontuários clínicos dos pacientes e em um formulário com a descrição dos materiais e equipamentos necessários ao procedimento, descrição de ocorrências adversas e da equipe que realizou. Resultados: Foram realizados 459 transportes de 262 pacientes críticos com média de 51 transportes por mês. Eram pacientes em suporte ventilatório (41,3%) e 34,5% em uso de drogas vasoativas. Em 9,4% dos transportes ocorreram eventos adversos sendo 77,3% das equipes compostas por médico, enfermeiro e técnico de enfermagem. Conclusão: Os transportes de pacientes críticos ocorreram no período da manhã, para realização de tomografia computadorizada, com pacientes dependentes de suporte ventilatório e drogas vasoativas. Os equipamentos durante o transporte estavam funcionando e, os eventos adversos ocorridos foram atribuídos a alterações clínicas dos pacientes.
Associação entre transtornos do sono e níveis de fragilidade entre idosos
Authors: Santos Ariene Angelini dos , Ceolim Maria Filomena , Pavarini Sofia Cristina Iost , Neri Anita Liberalesso , Rampazo Mariana Kátia
Published: June 2014

Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre a frequência de cochilo com os níveis de fragilidade, gênero, idade, escolaridade, renda familiar e os cinco critérios de fragilidade. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal com avaliação de 3.075 idosos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. Foi realizada a caracterização sociodemográfica, as medidas de status cognitivo, de fragilidade e de cochilo. Os dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva, bem como testes não paramétricos para a estatística inferencial. Resultados: A maioria dos idosos cochilava durante o dia (61,7%), com uma frequência média de 5,9 dias por semana (DP=1,9). Associação significativa foi verificada entre a frequência de cochilo e o critério de fragilidade "gasto calórico em atividade física". Conclusão: Nenhuma associação significativa foi verificada entre a frequência de cochilo e as variáveis sociodemográficas selecionadas e os níveis de fragilidade entre idosos, com exceção para o critério de fragilidade "gasto calórico em atividade física".
B chromosome and NORs polymorphism in Callichthys callichthys (Linnaeus, 1758) (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from upper Paraná River, Brazil
Authors: Konerat Jocicléia Thums , Bueno Vanessa , Baumgartner Lucas , Martins-Santos Isabel Cristina , Margarido Vladimir Pavan
Published: June 2014

B chromosomes are extra chromosomes from the normal chromosomal set, found in different organisms, highlighting their presence on the group of fishes. Callichthys callichthys from the upper Paraná River has a diploid number of 56 chromosomes (26 m-sm + 30 st-a) for both sexes, with the presence of a sporadically acrocentric B chromosome. Moreover, one individual presented a diploid number of 57 chromosomes, with the presence of a morphologically ill-defined acrocentric B chromosome in all analyzed cells. The physical mapping of 5S and 18S rDNA shows multiple 5S rDNA sites and only one pair of chromosomes with 18S sites in C. callichthys, except for two individuals. These two individuals presented a third chromosome bearing NORs (Ag-staining and 18S rDNA) where 5S and 18S rDNA genes are syntenic, differing only in position. The dispersion of the 18S rDNA genes from the main st-achromosome pair 25 to one of the chromosomes from the m-sm pair 4 would have originated two variant individuals, one of which with the ill-defined acrocentric B chromosome. Mechanisms to justify the suggested hypothesis about this B chromosome origin are discussed in the present study.
Osmolality and composition of the extender during the cold storage of Prochilodus lineatus (Characiformes: Prochilodontidae) sperm
Authors: Viveiros Ana T. M. , Taffarel Tais R. , Leal Marcelo C.
Published: June 2014

This study evaluates the effects of extender osmolality and composition on the cooling of Prochilodus lineatussperm. Sperm was diluted in six extenders: two compositions (powdered coconut water(tm) = ACP; Beltsville Thawing Solution(tm) = BTS) x three osmolalities (285, 325, and 365 mOsm/kg) plus an undiluted control, and stored at 6-8°C. Motility rate and velocities (curvilinear, straight line, and average path) were determined every other day. Osmolality did not affect the quality of cooled sperm, thus data were pooled. Motility was higher on d 0 compared to the other days and diluted samples (85-90%) yielded higher motility than control (75%). On d 2, motility was higher in BTS-diluted samples and control, but on d 4 and 6, control yielded the highest motility. Velocities decreased from d 0 to 6 in diluted samples, but not in control. On d 0, velocities were higher in BTS-diluted sperm, but, on d 2, 4, and 6, control yielded higher velocities despite of the large variation among males. Thus P. lineatussperm should be stored in BTS or without dilution, for a maximum of two days at 6-8°C. Extender osmolality between 285 and 365 mOsm/kg does not affect sperm quality during cold storage.
Proposta metodológica para avaliação dos benefícios de um centro de distribuição urbano para mitigação dos problemas de logística urbana
Authors: Oliveira Leise Kelli de , Correia Vagner de Assis
Published: June 2014

Este trabalho apresenta uma metodologia desenvolvida para avaliar a implantação de um modelo de centros de distribuição de mercadorias em áreas urbanas (CDU) com critérios econômicos e ambientais. A metodologia é composta por quatro etapas: modelo de adesão (etapa 1), utilizando a técnica de preferência declarada, para a definição dos cenários de atendimento da demanda do sistema de entrega de produtos proposto para a cidade (etapa 2). Para cada um dos cenários, foram realizados estudos de localização de instalações e de roteirização de veículos (etapa 3) utilizando o software Transcad. Na etapa 4 foram feitas as avaliações econômica, ambiental e logística dos cenários analisados. A metodologia foi aplicada em Belo Horizonte (MG) e os resultados indicaram que o CDU reduziu o número de veículos de carga em circulação na cidade em até 51,4%, além de aumentar a produtividade destes equipamentos com uma elevação de 264% no número de rotas alocadas por veículo e diminuir em 37,27% a emissão de poluentes e o consumo de combustíveis fósseis. Estes resultados apontam que o CDU pode aperfeiçoar os processos logísticos urbanos e mitigar as externalidades negativas do transporte de produtos nas cidades.
Interação de proteínas Cry1 e Vip3A de Bacillus thuringiensis para controle de lepidópteros-praga
Authors: Crialesi-Legori Paula Cristina Brunini , Davolos Camila Chiaradia , Lemes Ana Rita Nunes , Marucci Suzana Cristina , Lemos Manoel Victor Franco , Fernandes Odair Aparecido , Desidério Janete Apparecida
Published: June 2014

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a suscetibilidade das lagartas Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) e Chrysodeixis includens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) às proteínas Cry1 e Vip3A, bem como determinar se há a interação entre essas proteínas no controle das duas espécies. Bioensaios com as proteínas isoladas e em combinações foram realizados, e as concentrações letais CL50 e CL90 foram estimadas para cada condição. As proteínas Cry1Aa, Cry1Ac e Vip3Af foram as mais efetivas no controle de A. gemmatalis, enquanto Cry1Ac, Vip3Aa e Vip3Af foram mais efetivas no de C. includens. As proteínas Cry1Ac e Cry1Ca causaram maior inibição do desenvolvimento das larvas sobreviventes à CL50, em ambas as espécies. Combinações entre Vip3A e Cry1 apresentam efeito sinérgico no controle das espécies e a combinação Vip3Aa+Cry1Ea destaca-se no controle de A. gemmatalis e C. includens. Essas proteínas combinadas são promissoras na construção de plantas piramidadas, para o controle simultâneo das pragas.
Espalhamento e secagem de filme de amido-glicerol-fibra preparado por "tape-casting"
Authors: Moraes Jaqueline Oliveira de , Reszka Andressa , Laurindo João Borges
Published: June 2014

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar processos de espalhamento e secagem de filme de amido-glicerol-fibras de celulose, preparado por "tape-casting". O espalhamento da suspensão foi avaliado a 50, 150 e 250 cm min-1, seguido de secagem em estufa com circulação forçada de ar, a 40 ou 70ºC; avaliou-se também o espalhamento da suspensão a 150 cm min-1, seguido da secagem do filme sobre suporte de "tape-casting" a 22ºC e 60% de umidade relativa, com velocidades do ar de 4, 6 e 8 m s-1 no túnel de secagem. Ensaios reológicos mostraram que o espalhamento das suspensões a temperaturas inferiores a 50ºC apresentou módulo de elasticidade superior ao módulo viscoso, em todo o espectro de frequências de oscilação. As microscopias mostraram filmes secos a 40 e 70ºC sem defeitos de formação, e cujas propriedades mecânicas não diferiam. A velocidade de espalhamento e a do ar não modificam o tempo de secagem nem as propriedades dos filmes. O tempo de secagem pode ser reduzido para aproximadamente duas horas, o que é importante para a produção dos filmes em larga escala.
Estirpes de Bradyrhizobium em simbiose com guandu-anão em casa de vegetação e no campo
Authors: Rufini Márcia , Oliveira Dâmiany de Pádua , Trochmann André , Soares Bruno Lima , Andrade Messias José Bastos de , Moreira Fatima Maria de Souza
Published: June 2014

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência simbiótica de estirpes de bactérias fixadoras de nitrogênio do gênero Bradyrhizobium com guandu-anão. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em vasos de Leonard, em vasos com solo e em campo. Foram testadas 11 estirpes em vasos de Leonard, e as que apresentaram maior eficiência em promover o crescimento do guandu-anão foram avaliadas em vasos com solo (Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo e Cambissolo) e em campo (Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo). Em todos os experimentos, os tratamentos foram comparados a dois controles positivos (estirpes aprovadas como inoculantes para as cultivares de guandu-anão BR 2003 e BR 2801) e a duas testemunhas sem inoculação, uma com alta concentração de N mineral, e a outra, a depender do experimento, sem N mineral (solo) ou com baixa concentração de N (vasos de Leonard). Algumas estirpes proporcionaram crescimento vegetal semelhante ou superior às estirpes-referência e às testemunhas em vaso de Leonard. Em vasos com solo, o tipo de solo influenciou os tratamentos. No campo, não houve diferença entre os tratamentos, e as estirpes nativas promoveram bom crescimento. O guandu-anão é capaz de estabelecer associação simbiótica com bactérias fixadoras de N2, e a estirpe UFLA 03-320 apresenta potencial para ser recomendada para a cultura junto com a estirpe BR 2801.
Perfil de sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos e eficácia de sanitizantes frente aos isolados de Salmonella spp. oriundos de carcaças suínas no Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Colla Fernanda Lucia , Mion Ligiani , Parizotto Luana , Santos Lilian Andriva dos , Pilotto Fernando , Rodrigues Laura Beatriz , Nascimento Vladimir Pinheiro do , Santos Luciana Ruschel dos
Published: June 2014

Os objetivos do trabalho foram avaliar o perfil de sensibilidade a antimicrobianos e a eficácia de três sanitizantes frente a isolados de Salmonella spp. oriundos de carcaças na tecnologia de abate de suínos. Avaliaram-se 120 amostras, das quais 39 foram positivas para Salmonella spp. Os princípios ativos testados foram penicilina G 10 U, amoxicilina + ácido clavulânico 30mcg, ampicilina 10mcg, cloranfenicol 30mcg, tetraciclina 30mcg, estreptomicina 10mcg, neomicina 30mcg, gentamicina 10mcg, enrofloxacina 5mcg, sulfazotrim 25mcg, sulfonamida 300mcg e trimetropima 5mcg. Nos testes com sanitizantes utilizaram-se clorexidina, amônia quaternária e ácido peracético com tempos de contato de um, cinco, 10 e 15 minutos. Os índices de resistência aos antimicrobianos foram de 100% para penicilina, 94,9% para tetraciclina, 89,7% para trimetropima e 87,2% para ampicilina. Nenhum dos princípios ativos foi 100% eficaz frente aos isolados testados, observando-se melhor ação para amoxicilina+ácido clavulânico (86,7%), neomicina (86,7%) e cloranfenicol (64,1%). Nos testes de eficácia dos sanitizantes, o ácido peracético a 0.5% foi efetivo a partir de 10 minutos (94,6%) e 15 minutos (97,3%) de contato; amônia quaternária a 1% por 10 minutos (89,2%) e 15 minutos (97,3%) e clorexidina a 0.5% por 10 minutos (70,3%) e 15 minutos de contato (72,8%). Todas as amostras testadas apresentaram multirresistência e seis (15,3%) apresentaram resistência à ampicilina, cloranfenicol, estreptomicina, sulfonamida e tetraciclina (denominado grupo ACSSuT), indicando a necessidade de monitorar a propagação da resistência aos antimicrobianos em Salmonella spp. oriundas de suínos. O sanitizante mais efetivo frente aos isolados testados foi o ácido peracético a 0.5% por 15 minutos, reforçando a necessidade de monitorar também a efetividade de produtos sanitizantes frente aos isolados de Salmonella spp.
Occurrence of Toxoplasma gondii DNA in sheep naturally infected and slaughtered in abattoirs in Pernambuco, Brazil
Authors: Bezerra Mauro J.G. , Cruz Jefferson A.L.O. , Kung Eugênio S. , Silva José G. , Santos André S. , Moraes Érica P.B.X. , Pinheiro Junior José W. , Mota Rinaldo A.
Published: June 2014

The aim of the present study was to assess the occurrence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii and to detect genomic DNA of the parasite in the reproductive organs, fetuses and fetal membranes of sheep in slaughterhouses in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. The Indirect Immunofluorescence technique (IFA) was used for screening. The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was used to detect DNA of T. gondii in the animals that were positive in the serology. In the serology, 13/50 samples were positive and genomic DNA of T. gondii was detected in one uterus, tube, ovary, placenta and fetus (heart, brain and umbilical cord) sample from a sheep that was positive in the serology. The present study provides evidence of the occurrence of T. gondii DNA in the organs of the reproductive system, placenta and fetus of a naturally infected sheep.
Intoxicação aguda por Pteridium arachnoideum e Pteridium caudatum em bovinos e distribuição das plantas em Mato Grosso
Authors: Furlan Fernando Henrique , Mendes Evelyn R.S. , Ducatti Kassia R. , Marcon Gefferson C. , Dombrosky Tiago , Amorim Tássia M. , Riet-Correa Franklin
Published: June 2014

São descritos os aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos e patológicos de um surto de intoxicação por Pteridium arachnoideum e Pteridium caudatum em bovinos no Estado de Mato Grosso. A distribuição dessas plantas no Estado, a intensidade de invasão de pastagens e alguns fatores associados à invasão das pastagens por Pteridium spp. são também descritos. Pteridium spp. foi observada em 83 propriedades de nove municípios de Mato Grosso e deste total, amostras de 22 propriedades foram coletadas para identificação taxonômica. Em 22 propriedades identifica-se P. arachnoideum e em duas dessas havia também P. caudatum. O desmatamento e a realização de queimadas parecem estar relacionados com a invasão de Pteridium spp. nas pastagens. Na propriedade em que ocorreu a doença, 306 bovinos foram introduzidos em uma pastagem formada por Brachiaria brizantha intensamente invadida por P. arachnoideum e P. caudatum e desses 22 bovinos adoeceram e morreram. Os principais sinais clínicos foram febre alta, apatia, fadiga, fraqueza e decúbito. Na necropsia havia graus variáveis de hemorragias em vários órgãos e cavidades e infartos ocasionais. Microscopicamente, a alteração mais importante consistiu em aplasia severa da medula óssea vermelha. Os achados epidemiológicos, clínicos e patológicos associados à identoificação taxonômica da planta fundamentam o diagnóstico de intoxicação aguda por P. arachnoideum e P. caudatum em bovinos. O crescente desmatamento e a frequente utilização de queimadas em Mato Grosso podem contribuir para que esta doença venha a ser uma importante fonte de prejuízos para a pecuária do Estado.
Suscetibilidade antimicrobiana de Staphylococcus spp. isolados de cães com pioderma superficial
Authors: Silva Ana Paula da , Schmidt Claudete , Vargas Agueda C. de , Maboni Grazieli , Rampelotto Carine , Schwab Marcelo L. , Escobar Talita P. , Amaral Anne S. do
Published: June 2014

Foram obtidas 154 amostras de lesões cutâneas de cães com pioderma superficial atendidos no Serviço de Dermatologia Veterinária do Hospital Veterinário Universitário (HVU) da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), com o objetivo de determinar a suscetibilidade antimicrobiana de isolados de Staphylococcus spp. e avaliar a presença de multirresistência. Após isolamento e identificação, as cepas foram submetidas ao teste de sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos, cujos resultados evidenciaram menores percentuais de resistência à associação amoxicilina e ácido clavulânico (1,9%), cefadroxil (1,9%), cefalexina (1,9%) e vancomicina (0,6%). Os maiores percentuais de resistência foram frente à amoxicilina (60,4%) e penicilina G (60,4%). A multirresistência foi detectada em 23,4% e a resistência à meticilina em 5,8% das amostras. Pode-se concluir que os isolados de Staphylococcus spp. apresentam elevada suscetibilidade aos antimicrobianos comumente utilizados no tratamento dos piodermas superficiais em cães atendidos no HVU-UFSM, como a cefalexina e a amoxicilina associada ao ácido clavulânico, confirmando a eleição desses fármacos para o tratamento de cães com esta afecção. A suscetibilidade diminuída das cepas frente às fluoroquinolonas, também recomendadas pela literatura para o tratamento de pioderma, permite sugerir que estes fármacos não devem mais ser considerados na seleção empírica. A identificação de Staphylococcus spp. multirresistentes na população canina estudada justifica análises bacteriológicas periódicas e regionais de lesões cutâneas de cães com pioderma superficial, a fim de minimizar a seleção de bactérias resistentes, possíveis falhas terapêuticas e também motiva a antimicrobianoterapia prudente.
La política social como instrumento para la producción de información
Authors: Straschnoy Mora , Kantor Mora
Published: June 2014

El artículo tiene dos objetivos. El primero es analizar los déficits del Estado argentino en materia de producción de información técnica ambiental. El segundo, es estudiar la utilización del andamiaje de una política de transferencia de ingresos como la Asignación Universal por Hijo, para producir información e implementar controles sanitarios en una población determinada. Para estos fines se analiza un convenio de colaboración entre la Administración Nacional de la Seguridad Social (Anses) y la Autoridad de Cuenca Matanza Riachuelo (Acumar) realizado en el marco de lo ordenado por la Corte Suprema de Justicia de la Nación en la Causa Mendoza.
Impasses da política de Assistência Social: contradições, perspectivas e desafios
Authors: Oliveira Edistia Maria Abath Pereira de
Published: June 2014

Este ensaio resulta de estudos e pesquisas realizados pelo Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre a Política de Assistência Social (Gepas), da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE). Indicam-se algumas antinomias historicamente observadas em interpretações das categorias e conceitos que constituem a terminologia da profissão de Serviço Social. Destacam-se também, os avanços e a superação alcançados pela profissão a partir da assimilação da teoria crítica, que fecunda o entendimento da dinâmica da sociedade capitalista na atualidade. Apontam-se alguns dissensos sobre as Políticas Sociais, mais precisamente a respeito da Política de Assistência Social, no que concerne à sua concepção e às suas possibilidades de enfrentar os desafios na implementação de ações no âmbito da sociedade capitalista. Objetiva-se, assim, analisar a viabilidade de construir, nessa área de atuação, uma interlocução teórica crítica com um exercício profissional fundamentado nos princípios do ideário do Projeto Ético-Político da profissão.