bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A TRAJETÓRIA DO CONTROLE INTERNO DO PODER EXECUTIVO FEDERAL de 1964 a 2014
Authors: Braga Marcus Vinicius de Azevedo
Published: October 2024

O presente artigo analisa, por uma ótica institucionalista, adotando a tipologia de Mahoney e Thelen para mudanças institucionais e o path dependence, a trajetória do controle interno no Poder Executivo Federal brasileiro, de 1964 a 2014, revelando que a pauta do controle interno não foi abandonada, com a ausência de transições do tipo Drift, com mudanças agregativas, traços explícitos de dependência da trajetória, a incorporação de papéis e demandas e a natural interação conflituosa de papéis e visões, típicos em uma função que ainda se estrutura na democracia nacional.
A EXPERIÊNCIA DO PROGRAMA AGITA SÃO PAULO NA PROMOÇÃO DO ESTILO DE VIDA ATIVO
Authors: Matsudo Victor Rodrigues , Matsudo Sandra Mahecha , Ferrari Gerson Luis de Moraes
Published: October 2024

O sedentarismo tem sido um dos principais fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de doenças. Para combater o sedentarismo, em 1996 o Estado de São Paulo criou o Programa Agita São Paulo para melhorar o nível de atividade física da população. A mensagem do programa é que a população deve acumular pelo menos 30 minutos de atividade física por dia, de intensidade moderada. São planejadas e realizadas ações com três focos específicos: o escolar e adolescente (Agita Galera), o trabalhador (Agita Trabalhador) e o idoso (Agita Melhor Idade). Além de megaeventos, são realizadas ações permanentes com instituições parceiras. Um dos diferenciais do programa na sua proposta de intervenção é não pagar por divulgação da mensagem. O impacto dos megaeventos dá um grande potencial de uso não pago da mídia. Como produção científica, foi verificado que o nível de atividade física está aumentando no Estado de São Paulo.
A ANÁLISE DOS EDITAIS DE OBRAS OU SERVIÇOS DE ENGENHARIA REALIZADA PELO TRIBUNAL DE CONTAS DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Chmielewski Maria Clara Martins Costa
Published: October 2024

Este trabalho discorre sobre a análise da economicidade, realizada pelo Tribunal de Contas do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, nos editais de concorrência pública de obras ou serviços de engenharia, com o intuito de elucidar quais os limites impostos a esta análise pelo poder discricionário do gestor. Apresenta, como embasamento para as conclusões alcançadas, as pesquisas realizadas sobre os aspectos históricos a respeito da origem e evolução do controle e dos Tribunais de Contas, no âmbito da Administração Pública, assim como sobre as questões formais, técnicas, legais e principiológicas que envolvem o tema.
JUDICIALIZAÇÃO DA POLÍTICA
Authors: Oliveira Nathalia Gallo de
Published: October 2024

O controle jurisdicional de políticas públicas é uma realidade presente no dia a dia dos tribunais brasileiros, razão pela qual o assunto pode ser considerado relevante e atual, inserindose no tema polêmico de um juiz protagonista. No atual contexto institucional, o Poder Judiciário como um todo, e o Supremo Tribunal Federal em especial, passam a ter um papel de destaque na transformação da realidade social, conferindo concretude a comandos constitucionais. Há muita discussão girando em torno da adequação desse controle, tendo em vista o papel desempenhado pelo juiz e, principalmente, acerca dos limites que devem ser observados pelo Judiciário, de modo a preservar a harmonia entre os poderes, motivo pelo qual o tema foi escolhido para ser abordado neste trabalho. Esse estudo justifica-se, igualmente, pelo impacto das decisões na Administração Pública, uma vez que decisões judiciais nesse sentido podem interferir tanto nas questões orçamentárias quanto administrativas de um ente estatal.
DISPENSA DE LICITAÇÃO
Authors: Miranda Cristina Blum , Rocha Felipe Caldeira Marron da
Published: October 2024

O artigo versa sobre os requisitos e pressupostos indispensáveis para a observância da legalidade e regularidade no procedimento para contratação, por dispensa de licitação, de instituição brasileira, sem fins lucrativos e de reputação éticoprofissional inquestionável, incumbida regimental ou estatutariamente do desenvolvimento institucional. Foram analisadas publicações de renomados autores brasileiros, pareceres do Tribunal de Contas do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, do Ministério Público Especial junto a este, e do Tribunal de Contas da União, com o intuito de pesquisar as inconformidades neste segmento de contratação. A mera literalidade da redação legal é insuficiente, pois a exegese de cada requisito expresso no artigo 24, inc. XIII, da Lei de Licitações e Contratos revela desdobramentos intrínsecos, intenções implícitas e ações explícitas a serem perquiridos para a correta tomada de decisão pelo gestor público.
AS TRANSFERÊNCIAS DE RECURSOS PÚBLICOS PARA O TERCEIRO SETOR NO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Rodrigues Mauro Caetano
Published: October 2024

Este trabalho analisa aspectos como o crescimento do Terceiro Setor no mundo, sua evolução no Brasil, as visões macroeconômica e microeconômica dos gastos públicos e seu impacto na economia com a criação de impostos, a aplicação do gerenciamento de projetos como forma de racionalizar esses gastos, os tipos de instrumentos utilizados pela Administração Pública com as entidades privadas, para a formalização dos mesmos e as atribuições do Tribunal de Contas do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (TCE-RJ). Finalizando com um estudo de caso com a análise econométrica das subvenções sociais concedidas pelo Governo do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, a partir de uma amostra de dados oriunda do Sistema de Transparência Fiscal obtida no sítio da Secretaria de Estado de Fazenda (Sefaz).
UN CAS DE PARODONTITE ULCÉRO-NÉCROTIQUE RÉVÉLATRICE DE L’INFECTION À VIH CHEZ UN ENFANT AU CENTRE MÉDICO-CHIRURGICAL DES ARMÉES DE BAMAKO
Authors: ReBéMI  , KANE AST. , SANOGO A.  , DIALLO L. , KONATE D.  , SYLLA O.
Published: October 2024

Nous rapportons un cas de parodontite ulcéro-nécrotique révélatrice de l’infection à VIH chez un garçon dans le service d’odontologie du Centre Médico-Chirurgical des Armées de Bamako (CMCA-B) au Mali. Il s’agissait d’un patient de 11 ans, élève, consultant pour douleur orale et halitose évoluant depuis environ un an. L’examen odontologique concluait à une parodontite ulcéro-nécrotique. L’évolution, la gravité des atteintes buccales, l’altération de l’état général et la présence de lésions de prurigo ont motivé la réalisation d’une sérologie qui a permis de diagnostiquer l’infection à VIH. Ceci souligne l’importance de la reconnaissance des manifestations orales au cours de cette infection.
 
ABSTRACT
We report a case of ulcero-necrotic periodontitis revealing HIV infection in a boy at the odontology department of the Armed Forces Medical and Surgical Center of Bamako (CMCA-B) in Mali. This was an 11-year-old patient, consulting for oral pain and halitosis that had been present for approximately a year. Dental examination concluded to an ulcero-necrotic periodontitis. Evolution, severity of the oral damages, deterioration of the general condition and the presence of prurigo lesions motivated the performance of a serology which made it possible to diagnose HIV infection. This highlights the importance of recognizing oral manifestations during this infection.
ATRÉSIE PULMONAIRE À SEPTUM OUVERT SUR SITUS INVERSUS INCOMPLET COMPLIQUÉE DE MULTIPLES ABCÈS CÉRÉBRAUX : À PROPOS D’UN CAS AU CENTRE HOSPITALIER UNIVERSITAIRE ET DÉPARTEMENTAL DU BORGOU/ ALIBORI, PARAKOU EN 2023
Authors: ReBéMI  , DOHOU SHM  , KIKI M.  , IBRAHIM A  , LAWIN L  , CODJO HL
Published: October 2024

Introduction : L’atrésie pulmonaire à septum ouvert (APSO) est une malformation cardiaque, conotroncale, rare représentant 2% des cardiopathies. Non traitée elle peut comme toute cardiopathie congénitale cyanogène se compliquer d’abcès cérébral. Nous rapportons l’observation d’une adulte de 27 ans, présentant une APSO compliquée de multiples abcès cérébraux sur situs inversus incomplet. Le diagnostic de l’abcès cérébral a été évoqué devant une cardiopathe présentant une hémiparésie gauche dans un contexte fébrile et confirmé au scanner cérébral. Le drainage de l’abcès a été fait avec succès. L’évolution à court terme était favorable marquée par une apyrexie et une amélioration de la motricité.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect is a rare cardiac conotruncal malformation accounting for 2% of heart disease. Untreated, it can, like any cyanogetic congenital heart disease, be complicated by cerebral abscess. We report the case of 27-year-old adult with pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect complicated by multiple cerebral abscesses on incomplete situs inversus. The diagnosis of cerebral abscess was evoked by a cardiopath presenting with left hemiparesis in a febril context and confirmed by cerebral CT scan. The abscess was successfully drained. Short-term evolution was favorable, with apyrexia and improved motor skills.
Inclusive education policy in differentiated contexts: A comparison between Bosnia and Herzegovina, Cameroon, Greece, India and Sweden.
Authors: Tah Jude , Raptopoulou Anthemis , Tajic Denis , Gani Dutt Khaleda
Published: October 2024

Inclusive education has animated education policy the last decades especially since the Salamanca declaration. Countries across the world have been putting-in place policies to support the implementation of an inclusive education system. This paper examines inclusive education policies in five selected countries in relation to how it is defined, what values and goals underpinned inclusive education and the framing of multisectoral involvement. The aim is to develop a deeper understanding on how the policy enactments in these different national contexts may converge and diverge in the construction of inclusive education. The results show that national policies on inclusive education are weak, lacking a clear-cut definition of inclusive education, while access, equity and equality are core values and goals that underpin inclusive education. The results also reveal the policies highlight the involvement of different stakeholders albeit in varying ways in the different countries.
The Risks of Health Data Commodification in the EU Digital Market
Authors:   University of Turin, Gallese Chiara
Published: October 2024

This article explores the health data commodification phenomenon in the European Union’s digital market. The emergence of a health marketplace, and the increasing utilisation of health data by both public and private entities, have raised significant concerns about citizens’ rights. This study examines the risks of health data commodification, the EU’s efforts to facilitate data sharing and reuse through the Digital Strategy Corpus of law (DSC) as well as its potential implications on the rights of data subjects. The article investigates the ongoing scholarly debate surrounding the commodification of personal data, and its ethical and legal dimensions. The interdisciplinary approach intertwines legal analysis with computer science insights to explore re-identification risks. The article highlights the need for a balanced approach that upholds citizens’ privacy rights while enabling responsible data sharing.
Mise en récit ou mise en problème de la crise
Authors: Andro Gaïd
Published: October 2024

Cet article se propose d’analyser l’impasse éducative potentiellement posée par la confrontation entre un présent en crise et un passé mis en récit comme une conquête victorieuse des postulats de la modernité (progrès, développement, liberté). Posés comme des valeurs contemporaines à défendre plus que comme des idées et des choix contextualisés, ces postulats scénarisent le récit scolaire d’un lien harmonieux entre la liberté socio-politique et la croissance économique industrielle quitte à enfermer les élèves dans un présent qui dysfonctionne mais que l’on ne peut remettre en question. À partir d’une réflexion centrée sur le récit scolaire de la Révolution industrielle au lycée, cet article met à l’épreuve du curriculum prescrit le concept de « présentisme » afin d’éclairer les apories de ce type d’enseignement de l’histoire en contexte de crise. Cette analyse critique est ensuite l’occasion de proposer quelques pistes didactiques fondées sur les réflexions épistémologiques contemporaines et sur les renouvellements historiographiques récents afin de transformer la mise en récit fataliste de la crise en une mise en problème permettant de tisser des échos d’intelligibilité entre passé, présent et futur.
Éduquer aux incertitudes climatiques : comment l’étude des conceptions des élèves peut-elle guider l’action éducative ?
Authors: Delplancke Malou , Chalak Hanaa
Published: October 2024

Le changement climatique se pose comme un problème super-pernicieux (Fabre, 2021) dont les incertitudes sont liées à la prévisibilité du changement climatique et aux conséquences des actions entreprises pour le limiter. Notre article propose de mettre en lumière les conceptions d’élèves de Terminale en lien avec ce problème et ses incertitudes, à partir d’un questionnaire distribué à une centaine d’élèves. L’analyse nous permet de discuter les conditions de possibilité d’une éducation transformative et critique. En réponse aux scénarios catastrophistes et aux sentiments d’impuissance et d’anxiété très prégnants dans ce recueil, il émerge l’importance d’une éducation qui redonne de la place aux incertitudes.
Vous avez dit Wicked philosophy ?
Authors: Fabre Michel
Published: October 2024

On retrace ici l’histoire épistémologique d’une tradition de recherche anglo-saxonne issue de la planification politique et du management, des années 1970 à nos jours. Ce courant de pensée élabore des notions telles que « problèmes mal structurés », « flous », « pernicieux » et même « super-pernicieux » qui visent à rendre compte de la difficulté des problèmes politiques et mettent en question l’image cartésienne du problème comme entièrement définissable et soluble. Il s’agira d’évaluer la teneur épistémologique des notions convoquées, de rendre compte des débats qu’elles suscitent sur leur définition, leur opérationnalité et leurs usages possibles pour les sciences politiques. Mais la question sera surtout de savoir si cette tradition de recherche, qui donne lieu à une philosophie de l’éducation et à des propositions pédagogiques, est à même de féconder une éducation au politique, dans le cadre des questions socialement vives introduites désormais dans les curricula scolaires, et par rapport aux problèmes qui nous inquiètent le plus aujourd’hui comme le changement climatique ou la pandémie.
Legal casuistry and problems of professional burnout of judges
Authors: Kuzmina Anna Sergeevna , Dovgan' Kseniya Evgen'evna
Published: October 2024

The legal casuistry of law enforcement is aimed at studying the historical, philosophical, logical, psychological and legal foundations that are interrelated. The dynamics of public relations and the expansion of the sphere of rule-making actualize research in the field of legal psychology, in relation to the psychological and legal aspects of legal casuistry. The subject of the study is the professional burnout of representatives of the judiciary. Special attention is paid to the severity of all three symptoms of professional burnout: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduction of personal achievements. The aim of the study is to identify the relationship between the symptoms of professional burnout, manifestations of perfectionism and coping strategies of representatives of the judiciary. A theoretical analysis of scientific research on the problem of emotional burnout of representatives of the judiciary allows us to conclude that almost every representative of this professional field faces huge problems of a different nature, which leads to chronic stress, flowing into emotional burnout. Maladaptive coping strategies and various manifestations of perfectionism can exacerbate this condition. To determine the symptoms of professional burnout, the questionnaire of the level of mental burnout (MBI), developed by K. Maslach and S. Jackson, adapted by N.E. Vodopyanova and E.S. Starchenkova, was used. The questionnaire "Copping strategies" by R. Lazarus was used to study coping mechanisms. The three-factor questionnaire of perfectionism by A.B. Kholmogorova and N.G. Garanyan reveals the manifestations of perfectionism.The main conclusions of the study are presented in the following provisions: the representatives of the judicial corps have the most pronounced symptom of emotional exhaustion, which manifests itself in a decrease in mental tone, increased fatigue. Manifestations of perfectionism, which are associated with fixation on negative information and excessively high demands on oneself, can become a risk for the development of a symptom of emotional exhaustion of the judicial corp. Preventive and adaptive coping strategies are: positive reassessment, a high level of self-control and planning in solving problems that prevent the development of symptoms of professional burnout. We see the prospects for research on this topic in expanding diagnostic tools to assess a wider range of personal qualities of representatives of the judiciary and their interrelationships with the symptoms of professional burnout. The results of the study can be used in the analysis of subjective aspects in matters of legal qualification.
A genome-wide association study implicates the olfactory system in Drosophila melanogaster diapause-associated lifespan extension and fecundity
Authors: Easwaran Sreesankar , Montell Denise J
Published: October 2024

The effects of environmental stress on animal life are gaining importance with climate change. Diapause is a dormancy program that occurs in response to an adverse environment, followed by resumption of development and reproduction upon the return of favorable conditions. Diapause is a complex trait, so we leveraged the
Drosophila
genetic reference panel (DGRP) lines and conducted a Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) to characterize the genetic basis of diapause. We assessed post-diapause and non-diapause fecundity across 193 DGRP lines. GWAS revealed 546 genetic variants, encompassing single nucleotide polymorphisms, insertions and deletions associated with post-diapause fecundity. We identified 291 candidate diapause-associated genes, 40 of which had previously been associated with diapause. 89 of the candidates were associated with more than one SNP. Gene network analysis indicated that the diapause-associated genes were primarily linked to neuronal and reproductive system development. Similarly, comparison with results from other fly GWAS revealed the greatest overlap with olfactory-behavior-associated and fecundity-and-lifespan-associated genes. An RNAi screen of the top candidates identified two neuronal genes, Dip-γ and Scribbler, to be required during recovery for post-diapause fecundity. We complemented the genetic analysis with a test of which neurons are required for successful diapause. We found that although amputation of the antenna had little to no effect on non-diapause lifespan, it reduced diapause lifespan and postdiapause fecundity. We further show that olfactory receptor neurons and temperature-sensing neurons are required for successful recovery from diapause. Our results provide insights into the molecular, cellular, and genetic basis of adult reproductive diapause in
Drosophila
.
Auditory-GAN: deep learning framework for improved auditory spatial attention detection
Authors: Kausar Tasleem , Lu Yun , Asghar Muhammad Awais , Kausar Adeeba , Cai Siqi , Ahmed Saeed , Almogren Ahmad
Published: October 2024

Recent advances in auditory attention detection from multichannel electroencephalography (EEG) signals encounter the challenges of the scarcity of available online EEG data and the detection of auditory attention with low latency. To this end, we propose a complete deep auditory generative adversarial network auxiliary, named auditory-GAN, designed to handle these challenges while generating EEG data and executing auditory spatial detection. The proposed auditory-GAN system consists of a spectro-spatial feature extraction (SSF) module and an auditory generative adversarial network auxiliary (AD-GAN) classifier. The SSF module extracts the spatial feature maps by learning the topographic specificity of alpha power from EEG signals. The designed AD-GAN network addresses the need for extensive training data by synthesizing augmented versions of original EEG data. We validated the proposed method on the widely used KUL dataset. The model assesses the quality of generated EEG images and the accuracy of auditory spatial attention detection. Results show that the proposed auditory-GAN can produce convincing EEG data and achieves a significant i.e., 98.5% spatial attention detection accuracy for a 10-s decision window of 64-channel EEG data. Comparative analysis reveals that the proposed neural approach outperforms existing state-of-the-art models across EEG data ranging from 64 to 32 channels. The Auditory-GAN model is available at https://github.com/tasleem-hello/Auditory-GAN-/tree/Auditory-GAN.
Differences in cardiovascular disease mortality between northern and southern China under exposure to different temperatures: a systematic review
Authors: Zhai Guangyu , Jiang Ziqing , Zhou Wenjuan
Published: October 2024

Background

Due to differences in climate and other environmental factors, exposure to different temperatures in China has different effects on the relative risk (RR) of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. It is therefore important to compare the effects of exposure to different temperatures on CVD mortality in different regions of China.

Methods

To compare these effects, we performed a meta-analysis of 21 studies identified by a search of the Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases from January 1, 2014 to January 1, 2024. We performed the Cochran Q test and I2 statistics test to evaluate heterogeneity and Egger’s test to evaluate publication bias.

Results

The pooled estimated size of the relationship between exposure to different temperatures and CVD mortality was 1.60 (95% confidence interval [CI]: [1.42–1.80]) for the extreme cold, 1.17 (95% CI [1.10–1.25]) for the extreme heat, and 1.16 (95% CI [1.10–1.24]) for extremely high diurnal temperature range (DTR). The Egger’s test showed potential publication bias in studies analyzing both the extreme cold and the extreme heat.

Discussion

Extreme cold, extreme heat, and extremely high DTR are associated with an increase in CVD mortality in China, with extreme cold having the most significant effect. Residents of northern regions are more susceptible to high temperatures, while residents of southern regions are more sensitive to low temperatures.
Identification and validation of autophagy-related genes in Hirschsprung’s disease
Authors: Yao Ting , Hao Zenghui , Fan Wei , Han Jinbao , Wang Shuyu , Jiang Zaiqun , Wang Yunting , Yang Xiao Qian , Xu Zhilin
Published: October 2024

Background

Hirschsprung’s disease (HSCR) is a congenital disorder characterized by aganglionosis in the intermuscular and submucosal nerve plexuses of the gut, leading to impaired gastrointestinal function. Although the precise cause and pathophysiology of HSCR remain elusive, increasing evidence points to a significant role of autophagy in its development, warranting further investigation into its underlying mechanisms.

Methods

This study utilized publicly available microarray expression profiling datasets, GSE96854 and GSE98502, from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The R software (version 4.2.0) was employed to identify autophagy-related genes potentially showing differential expression in HSCR. Subsequent analyses included correlation analysis, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis using the STRING database (version 11.0) and Cytoscape software (version 3.8.2). Ultimately, HSCR samples were used to verify the mRNA levels of important genes by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in a laboratory setting.

Results

We have discovered 20 genes that are involved in autophagy and show variable expression. Among these genes, 15 are up-regulated and five are down-regulated. The enrichment analysis using the GO and KEGG pathways revealed a notable enrichment in pathways related to the control of autophagy. Nine hub genes were found via the investigation of the PPI network constructed from STRING database and module analysis using Cytoscape. Moreover, the concordance between SIRT1 expression in the HSCR model and the bioinformatics analysis of mRNA chip findings was validated using qRT-PCR.

Conclusion

Utilizing bioinformatics analysis, we identified 20 potential genes associated with Hirschsprung’s disease that play a role in autophagy. Notably, the upregulation of SIRT1 may profoundly influence the progression of HSCR by regulating autophagy-related pathways, offering a novel perspective on the disease’s pathogenesis.
Numerical Study on the Effects of Horizontal Barriers on Fire Behavior in Logistics Facility Racks
Authors: Yun Hong-Seok , Cho Gyu-Hwan
Published: October 2024

In this study, a numerical analysis was conducted to derive the optimal installation conditions for flame-spread barriers within racks, to reduce the damage caused by recurrent fire accidents in logistics facilities. The effectiveness of the fire extinguishing system according to domestic regulations was reviewed to ensure the feasibility of installation of the horizontal barrier. This review revealed that sprinkler systems were ineffective in delaying or preventing the initial spread of fire under certain fire conditions, confirming the need for horizontal barriers. Furthermore, although the installation of horizontal barriers was effective in delaying the initial fire spread, it led to an increase in fire size by blocking the extinguishing water and altering the fire spread path. It was confirmed that deriving the optimal installation conditions for barriers requires the consideration of the interactions between the in-rack sprinkler heads and the surrounding fire extinguishing systems.
Adolescent alcohol drinking and cannabis use: Longitudinal, and cohort analysis of high school students in Australia
Authors: Davidson Lily , Leung Janni , Quinn Catherine , Ellem Rhiannon , Tisdale Calvert , Choi Jisu , Carlyle Molly , White Melanie , Kavanagh David J. , Hides Leanne
Published: October 2024

Aims: The final year of high school is a challenging phase, during which substance use is common. We conducted longitudinal and cohort comparisons on the levels of alcohol and cannabis use among final year (Year 12) high school students compared to the previous year.
Design: Longitudinal and cohort analyses of self-reported survey data.
Setting: Ten independent schools across South-East Queensland, Australia.
Participants: Year 12 students in 2020 (n = 1024) were compared (a) longitudinally with themselves in Year 11; and (b) to the 2019 Year 12 cohort (n = 632).
Measures: Self-reported alcohol and cannabis use. Analyses adjusted for socio-demographic, parental, and schooling variables.
Findings: Longitudinally, Year 12 students of 2020 had higher odds of having six or more drinks per occasion, monthly or more often, and reporting lifetime cannabis use, compared to themselves in 2019. However, they were not more likely to drink alcohol weekly or more often in 2020 versus 2019. Compared to the 2019 cohort, the 2020 cohort had higher odds of drinking weekly or more often, having six or more drinks per occasion monthly, and reporting lifetime cannabis use.  
Conclusions: The 2020 cohort of Year 12 adolescents were more likely to engage in heavy drinking and cannabis use, compared to themselves the previous year, and compared to the previous cohort. Greater alcohol consumption and likelihood of cannabis use among the 2020 cohort might be explained by increased age and impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. Future research to monitor if this is a continuing trend is warranted.
Addressing Nutritional Challenges in Low-income and Underserved Communities: The Role of Health Education Programs
Authors: Inyang Lovina Patrick
Published: October 2024

Aim: To review and analyze the role of health education programs in addressing nutritional challenges in low-income and underserved communities.
Study Design: The study design for this research is a review of health education interventions addressing nutritional challenges in low-income and underserved communities conducted between 2018 and 2024.
Methodology: This review includes peer-reviewed publications between January 2018 and August 2024. The literature search was conducted on the databases of Google Scholar, PubMed, CINAHL, and the National Library of Medicine. The studies included for review were those focusing on low-income communities, analyzing the contribution of health education programs in alleviating nutritional challenges, and were in the English language.
Results: A total of 11 studies met the predetermined inclusion criteria and were thus reviewed in detail. The literature review indicates that health education programs play a significant role in improving nutrition awareness and behavior change among low-income communities. Evidence shows that once health education programs are made accessible, culturally sensitive, and community-oriented, dietary habits tend to improve substantially and nutritional deficiencies decrease to some extent.
Conclusions: Nutrition health education programs have been useful in combating nutritional problems among low-income populations by building knowledge, promoting behavior, and undertaking long-term healthy eating. This review identifies that research will be required in the future to determine sustainable models specifically for health education in low-income communities. Expanding such programs in coverage and efficiency can bring about meaningful improvement in public health.
Simulation of Intra-seasonal Climatic Variability, Potential Yield and Yield Gap of Sugarcane for the South Gujarat Region, India
Authors: Parmar Pravinsinh K. , Mali Shailesh C. , Tank Vibha , Pandey Vyas
Published: October 2024

The validated CANEGRO (DSSAT v4.7) model was used to simulate the intra-seasonal climatic variation viz. temperature (-3oC to +3oC) and rainfall (-25% to +25%) variability in sugarcane yield and quantifying the yield gap of sugarcane at Navsari, Bharuch, Surat and Valsad districts of south Gujarat region under the various management options included dates of planting, irrigations and fertilizers application and compared with the reported yield of the districts. The cane yield increased with an increase in rainfall and a decrease in temperature. In contrast, the cane yield decreased with a decrease in rainfall and an increase in temperature. The extent of effect was found to vary with crop growth stages. The potential yield of sugarcane simulated by the model in different districts was found to vary between 107.0 to 114.7 t ha-1, while the reported yield in these districts varied between 68.1 to 72.0 t ha-1. This resulted in a total yield gap between 38.9 to 45.5 t ha-1 in different districts. The highest yield gap was in Navsari district while the lowest yield gap was found in Bharuch district.
Evaluation of the Use of Anti-Inflammatory, Analgesics, and Antipyretics during Pregnancy: A Population Cohort Study in a Capital City of the North Region of Brazil
Authors: Andrade Andréia Moreira de , Valentim-Silva João Rafael , Ramalho Alanderson Alves , Martins Fernanda Andrade , Torres Lydhia Rubhia de Lima , Koifman Rosalina Jorge
Published: October 2024

Aims: To analyze the use of anti-inflammatory drugs and the associated factors, including educational level, number of prenatal visits, and food insecurity, during pregnancy.
Study Desing: Population-based cross-sectional study.
Place and Durationof Study: The sample were recruited in two maternity hospitals of Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil. The Santa Juliana Hospital and Maternity (HSJ) and the Bárbara Heliodora Maternity in April 6 and July 10, 2015
Methodology: Demographic, socioeconomic, reproductive, maternal habits, prenatal care, and newborn status were investigated. Multivariate analysis with logistic regression was performed, considering p<0.05 for association.
Results: 1190 postpartum women were interviewed. Anti-inflammatories were not used by only 13.2% of pregnant women. The prevalence of dipyrone use was 72.7%, paracetamol 50.3%, nimesulide 16.1%, and diclofenac 5.2%. Women with lower educational levels (up to high school OR=1.55, 95% CI 1.07-2.25), those who consumed alcohol (OR=1.96, 95% CI 1.03-3.73), and those with a higher number of living children (more than 4 children OR=1.6, 95% CI 1.06-2.24, 2 to 3 children OR=1.52, 95% CI 1.10-2.27) had a higher chance of using anti-inflammatories during pregnancy. Primiparous women (OR=0.66, 95% CI 0.47-0.93), those with more than eight prenatal visits (OR=0.55, 95% CI 0.35-0.85), and those experiencing moderate to severe food insecurity (OR=0.42, 95% CI 0.25-0.69) had a lower chance of using anti-inflammatories during pregnancy. After adjusted analysis, alcohol consumption and the number of living children lost statistical significance and were not included in the final model as independent variables.
Conclusion: The prevalence of anti-inflammatory use was high. Alternative therapies and restricting prescriptions to necessary cases could be proposed to reduce the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) during pregnancy.
Development of Predictive Models for Energy Demand and CO2 Emission Trends for Households in Makurdi Metropolis
Authors: Adama Lukeman , Mohammed Kabiru B. , Edeoja Alex O. , Sunday Ibrahim J.
Published: October 2024

This study aimed at developing predictive models for energy demand and CO2 emission trends for households in Makurdi metropolis. As part of the study, households were randomly selected to represent a reasonable spread. Four major emission sources: electricity; transportation; solid waste and cooking fuels were considered, and data on the sources were obtained using records from relevant departments as well as questionnaires, surveys, and interviews of the occupants. This data was analyzed and used to calculate the CO2 emissions of the households using IPCC standard guidelines and formulae. The CO2 emission and energy demand predictive models were also developed using Design Expert 13. The ANOVA for the CO2 emission and energy demand shows a significant model (Significance F value of ≤ 0.0001) and a high R-squared value of 0.9981 and 0.9802 respectively. This indicates the adequacy of the models, and they can therefore be used to predict the CO2 and energy demand of households in Makurdi metropolis. The limitation remains the imbalance in living standards across the respective areas of the metropolis which definitely impacts on the demand and use of energy.  It will be useful for policy makers and implementers in ensuring sustainable energy demand planning and CO2 emissions mitigation.
Development of Wood Apple Jujube Jellies: Physicochemical, Sensorial and Stability Properties
Authors: S Anitha , Halamani Savita , Govanakoppa Nagappa , B K Manasa , J.N Shashikumar.
Published: October 2024

Jujube looks like jelly and is prepared by addition of fruit,sugar ,Gelatin and water. In India production of fruit is second highest and wood apple is seasonal and underutilised fruit so to popularise this underutilised fruit and supply throughout the year, value added product jujube was developed.  underutilised fruit so to popularise this underutilised fruit and supply throughout the year, value added product jujube was developed Limonia acidissima is widely recognized for its medicinal properties renowned for its therapeutic benefits and boosts numerous documented medicinal applications.
The aim of this study is to develop value added wood apple jujube soft candy product and to evaluate physico-chemical, nutrient, sensory and storage studies of the developed product.
The control group (which was made with the addition of 10g of citric acid) achieved the highest over all sensory score of 8.59 followed by wood apple jujube -1(which was made with the addition of 45g of wood apple pulp), recording scores of 7.55.
Jujubes exhibited a protein content of 18.25g/100g, a notable moisture level of 47.55g/100g, followed by 32.20g/100g carbohydrates, with the lowest attributed to fat at 0.2g/100g. The amount of crude fiber was measured at 1g/100 g, alongside its calorific value. The jujubes, Wood apple jujube-1 (which comprises 45 g of wood apple and 30 g of sugar), were packed in High density poly ethylene and kept under normal and Refrigerated conditions. A decline in mean scores was observed for appearance (4.65), texture (5.4), color (5.5), aroma (5.75), flavor (5.2), and overall acceptability (4.6) when stored at ambient temperature over a nine-day span compared to the starting values.
Sarcome De Type Ewing Thoracique Primitif Compliqué D’une Compression Médullaire : A Propos D’un Cas
Authors: Arfaoui H. , Belhaj C. , Mouddene N.Ait , Khattabi W.El , Afif M.H.
Published: October 2024

Les sarcomes de type Ewing (Ewing-like) sont un sous-groupe émergent de petits sarcomes ronds à globules bleus qui partagent divers degrés de similitude morphologique, immunohistochimique, moléculaire et clinique avec le sarcome d’Ewing. Nous rapportons le cas d’un patient âgé de 25 ans, tabagique chronique sevré qui présentait depuis 2 mois une douleur thoracique. L’examen clinique une pâleur cutanéo-muqueuse. La TDM thoracique a montré un processus tissulaire en regard du segment postérieur du lobe supérieur gauche ovalaire de contour régulier. L’IRM médullaire a objectivé un volumineux processus centré sur les arcs postérieur du 4 ème au 6 ème côte gauche et s’étend aux jonctions costovertébrales avec extension endocanalaire, réalisant un important effet de masse sur la moelle épinière sans signe de souffrance médullaire décelable. La bronchoscopie souple a objectivé un aspect sensiblement normal et les biopsies bronchiques étaient non spécifiques. L’évolution était marquée par l’installation brutale d’un syndrome médullaire. Le patient a bénéficié en urgence d’une laminectomie dorsale et biopsie avec des suites opératoires simples. Les résultats des biopsies ont objectivé une prolifération tumorale indifférenciée disposée en nappes diffuses à cellule rondes avec une expression diffuse de CD99, évoquant un sarcome de type Ewing retenu sur les critères cliniques et morphologiques. A noter que la biologie moléculaire n’était pas disponible. Le bilan d’extension fait d’une TDM abdomino-pelvienne n’a pas objectivé de métastase et la scintigraphie osseuse a montré des métastases osseuses. Après réunion de concertation multidisciplinaire et devant l’hyperfixation des lésions osseuses, le diagnostic final retenu était un sarcome d’Ewing-like thoracique primitif métastatique. Le traitement proposé était une chimiothérapie palliative. L’évolution à 3 mois était marqué par disparition de la douleur, une récupération partielle de la motricité, l’augmentation de taille du processus et l’apparition d’une pleurésie métastatique gauche d’où un talcage pleurale était indiqué
Advanced Materials by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
Authors: Matyjaszewski Krzysztof
Published: March 2018

Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) has been successfully employed for the preparation of various advanced materials with controlled architecture. New catalysts with strongly enhanced activity permit more environmentally benign ATRP procedures using ppm levels of catalyst. Precise control over polymer composition, topology, and incorporation of site specific functionality enables synthesis of well‐defined gradient, block, comb copolymers, polymers with (hyper)branched structures including stars, densely grafted molecular brushes or networks, as well as inorganic–organic hybrid materials and bioconjugates. Examples of specific applications of functional materials include thermoplastic elastomers, nanostructured carbons, surfactants, dispersants, functionalized surfaces, and biorelated materials.
High Energy Density Asymmetric Supercapacitor Based ZnS/NiCo2S4/Co9S8 Nanotube Composites Materials
Authors: Sui Yanwei , Zhang Yuanming , Hu Haihua , Xu Qin , Yang Fei , Li Zhaosheng
Published: March 2018

Flexible energy storage devices are leading to many researches owing to the huge development prospects, especially the energy storage materials. Recently, ZnS/NiCo2S4/Co9S8 nanotube (ZNCN) is synthesized by adding rod‐like ZnO during hydrothermal process, differing from previous reports. The capacitance of ZNCN electrode is 1618.1 F g−1 at the current density of 1 A g−1 in 2 m KOH, a 1.2‐fold enhancement with respect to the pristine NiCo2S4/Co9S8 (NC) (1348 F g−1), a 1.44‐fold enhancement with respect to the pristine NiCo2S4 (1127 F g−1). ZNCN electrode maintains 77% of the original specific capacitance after 5000 cycles at 15 A g−1. An asymmetric supercapacitor is assembled using ZNCN as its positive electrode and the hydrated ferric oxide (FeOOH) deposited on the carbon cloth as negative electrode (ZNCN//FeOOH) to demonstrate performance. The as‐assembled device can operate in a voltage region of 1.6 V, at a power density of 0.75 kW kg−1, the energy density reaches 66 Wh kg−1, when solid‐state electrolyte and diaphragm are assembled into a flexible solid‐state device, it can successfully light up the LED light. The ZNCN in this study may provide a new material for flexible electronic devices, while providing a new strategy for energy storage applications.
Molecular Design of Blue Phosphorescent Host Materials for Phenylimidazole‐Type Blue Triplet Emitters to Extend Operational Lifetime
Authors: Byeon Sung Yong , Han Si Hyun , Lee Jun Yeob
Published: March 2018

Herein, a molecular design to improve the quantum efficiency and lifetime of blue phosphorescent devices by managing the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital is developed. This is accomplished by introducing a strong electron‐withdrawing cyano (CN) moiety into the chemical structure, which is made up of carbazolylcarbazole and dibenzothiophene. The CN moiety is selectively introduced into the dibenzothiophene unit or carbazolylcarbazole unit to investigate the effect of the CN position on the device performance of blue phosphorescent organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). It is demonstrated that substituting CN into dibenzothiophene effectively facilitates electron injection and enhances the quantum efficiency of the blue OLEDs. A high external quantum efficiency of 26.8% is achieved in the blue phosphorescent devices using an imidazole ligand‐derived Ir emitter based on the molecular design to modify dibenzothiophene with the CN moiety. This also extends the lifetime of the blue phosphorescent device doped with the CN‐modified, imidazole ligand‐derived Ir emitter.
In Situ Atomic‐Scale Study of Particle‐Mediated Nucleation and Growth in Amorphous Bismuth to Nanocrystal Phase Transformation
Authors: Li Junjie , Chen Jiangchun , Wang Hua , Chen Na , Wang Zhongchang , Guo Lin , Deepak Francis Leonard
Published: March 2018

Understanding classical and nonclassical mechanisms of crystal nucleation and growth at the atomic scale is of great interest to scientists in many disciplines. However, fulfilling direct atomic‐scale observation still poses a significant challenge. Here, by taking a thin amorphous bismuth (Bi) metal nanosheet as a model system, direct atomic resolution of the crystal nucleation and growth initiated from an amorphous state of Bi metal under electron beam inside an aberration‐corrected transmission electron microscope is provided. It is shown that the crystal nucleation and growth in the phase transformation of Bi metal from amorphous to crystalline structure takes place via the particle‐mediated nonclassical mechanism instead of the classical atom‐mediated mechanism. The dimension of the smaller particles in two contacted nanoparticles and their mutual orientation relationship are critical to governing several coalescence pathways: total rearrangement pathway, grain boundary migration‐dominated pathway, and surface migration‐dominated pathway. Sequential strain analyses imply that migration of the grain boundary is driven by the strain difference in two Bi nanocrystals and the coalescence of nanocrystals is a defect reduction process. The findings may provide useful information to clarify the nanocrystal growth mechanisms of other materials on the atomic scale.
FeIn2S4 Nanocrystals: A Ternary Metal Chalcogenide Material for Ambipolar Field‐Effect Transistors
Authors: Kim Hyunjung , Tiwari Anand P. , Hwang Eunhee , Cho Yunhee , Hwang Heemin , Bak Sora , Hong Yeseul , Lee Hyoyoung
Published: March 2018

An ambipolar channel layer material is required to realize the potential benefits of ambipolar complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor field‐effect transistors, namely their compact and efficient nature, reduced reverse power dissipation, and possible applicability to highly integrated circuits. Here, a ternary metal chalcogenide nanocrystal material, FeIn2S4, is introduced as a solution‐processable ambipolar channel material for field‐effect transistors (FETs). The highest occupied molecular orbital and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of the FeIn2S4 nanocrystals are determined to be −5.2 and −3.75 eV, respectively, based upon cyclic voltammetry, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and diffraction reflectance spectroscopy analyses. An ambipolar FeIn2S4 FET is successfully fabricated with Au electrodes (E
F = −5.1 eV), showing both electron mobility (14.96 cm2 V−1 s−1) and hole mobility (9.15 cm2 V−1 s−1) in a single channel layer, with an on/off current ratio of 105. This suggests that FeIn2S4 nanocrystals may be a promising alternative semiconducting material for next‐generation integrated circuit development.
Observation of Pseudocapacitive Effect and Fast Ion Diffusion in Bimetallic Sulfides as an Advanced Sodium‐Ion Battery Anode
Authors: Fang Guozhao , Wu Zhuoxi , Zhou Jiang , Zhu Chuyu , Cao Xinxin , Lin Tianquan , Chen Yuming , Wang Chao , Pan Anqiang , Liang Shuquan
Published: March 2018

Sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) are promising next‐generation alternatives due to the low cost and abundance of sodium sources. Yet developmental electrodes in SIBs such as transition metal sulfides have huge volume expansion, sluggish Na+ diffusion kinetics, and poor electrical conductivity. Here bimetallic sulfide (Co9S8/ZnS) nanocrystals embedded in hollow nitrogen‐doped carbon nanosheets are demonstrated with a high sodium diffusion coefficient, pseudocapacitive effect, and excellent reversibility. Such a unique composite structure is designed and synthesized via a facile sulfidation of the CoZn‐MOFs followed by calcination and is highly dependant on the reaction time and temperature. The optimized Co1Zn1‐S(600) electrode exhibits excellent sodium storage performance, including a high capacity of 542 mA h g−1 at 0.1 A g−1, good rate capability at 10 A g−1, and excellent cyclic stability up to 500 cycles for half‐cell. It also shows potential in full‐cell configuration. Such capabilities will accelerate the adoption of sodium‐ion batteries for electrical energy applications.