bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic significance of autoantibody combination in fetal growth restriction with early and late manifestation
Authors: Yakubova Diana I. , Ignatko Irina V. , Megrabyan Aren D. , Silaeva Tatyana M. , Bogomazova Irina M.
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is one of the current problems in modern obstetrics and perinatology, which is associated with a large number of adverse perinatal outcomes.
AIM: This study aimed to assess the diagnostic significance of the combination of autoantibodies (AAB) in the early and late FGR manifestation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 117 pregnant women, classified into Group 1 (90 women with FGR) and Group 2 (27 women with a physiological course of pregnancy). Pregnant women with FGR were divided into two subgroups depending on the time of manifestation, i.e. FGR subgroups with early and late manifestation (45 patients each), respectively. Upon hospital admission, all patients of the study groups had blood sampling to determine autoimmune AABs using the ELI-P-test.
RESULTS: An isolated increase in AABs to human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) antigen, TrM (AAB markers of changes in vascular and hemostasis system), S100 protein, antineutrophil cytoplasm antibodies (ANCA), and KiMS (AABs to the cytoplasmic antigen of glomerular kidney cells) were observed in the early FGR manifestation when comparing the abnormal AAB spectrum in the early and late FGR manifestation, while a statistically significant isolated increase in the level of AABs to DNA and insulin was found in the late FGR manifestation.
CONCLUSIONS: The study revealed the diagnostic significance of AAB combinations, as well as the combinations of increased AAB levels to hCG, S100, ANCA, and KiMS and an increase in AABs to DNA, collagen, and S100 protein in the early and late FGR manifestation, respectively.
Clinical and morphological features of endometrial pathologies during the perimenopausal period
Authors: Aliyeva Fidan T. , Bryunin Dmitry V. , Paramonova Nina B. , Bakhvalova Alla A. , Dzhibladze Tea A. , Zuev Vladimir M. , Aliyeva Farakh T.
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: Disorders leading to pathological (most commonly, hyperplastic) processes in the endometrium often occur during the perimenopausal period, in addition to the natural changes associated with a physiological decrease in the function of hormone-producing and hormone-dependent organs.
AIM: This study aimed to investigate the clinical and morphological features of endometrial pathological processes during the perimenopausal period.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined 73 perimenopausal women with various endometrial pathologies. The mean age of the examined patients was 47.80.3 (4551) years. All patients with perimenopausal endometrial pathologies underwent clinical, functional, endoscopic, and morphological examination.
RESULTS: Endometrial polyps, endometrial hyperplasia, chronic endometritis, and endometrial adenocarcinoma were present in 54.8%, 30.1%, 12.4%, and 2.7% of perimenopausal patients examined, respectively.
The most common clinical manifestations of endometrial pathologies in the perimenopause were polymenorrhea, acyclic menorrhagia, and menorrhagia in 42.4%, 39.7%, and 27.4% of patients, respectively. Moreover, a glandular fibrous endometrial polyp was diagnosed in 61.3% of patients with polymenorrhea and 50% of patients with acyclic bloody discharge and menorrhagia.
CONCLUSIONS: The revealed variety of clinical signs, including their absence in some cases, as well as the diversity of hysteroscopic and morphological endometrial pathologies in perimenopausal women, up to the detection of endometrial cancer, confirmed the need for both ultrasound screening and mandatory hysteroscopy with separate diagnostic endometrial curettage in echo signs of intrauterine pathologies for timely diagnosis and adequate treatment.
Identification of cryptic forms of the hybridogenic complex of European water frogs (Pelophylax esculentus complex) in the conditions of transformed biotopes of the south of the Central Russian Upland based on DNA markers
Authors: Barkhatov Anatoliy S. , Snegin Eduard A.
Published: December 2022

AIM: The aim of the study was to carry out species identification of the hybridogenic complex of European water frogs (Pelophylax esculentus complex) in the conditions of transformed biotopes of the south of the Central Russian Upland based on molecular genetic markers
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 36 local populations (770 individuals) living in conditions of transformed biotopes of the south of the Central Russian Upland. Identification of cryptic forms was carried out by a Multiplex PCR. Two molecular genetic markers were used for amplification: intron 1 of the SAI-1 DNA serum albumin gene to determine hybrids and cryptic forms, and a fragment of the first subunit of the cytochrome oxidase COI mtDNA gene to determine maternal lines.
RESULTS: According to the data obtained, pure R-type population systems predominate (58.33%) in the study region. Mixed RE-type population systems were identified in 14 localities, REL-type in the region is extremely rare and is noted only in one locality. No pure L-type, E-type, or mixed LE-type population systems have been identified. The study revealed a statistically significant (p 0.001) predominance of haplotypes of the Western form (Pelophylax ridibundus).
CONCLUSIONS: The data obtained indicate active adaptive changes in the population structure of European water frogs in the study area. Degradation of water bodies caused by abiotic and anthropogenic factors forces amphibians to migrate to neighboring reservoirs in which hybridization of representatives of this complex occurs. Introgressive and hybrid forms of the marsh frog, as well as hybrid edible individuals with greater ecological plasticity and tolerance to anthropogenic pressure, displace populations of Pelophylax lessonae. Based on the above, we consider it necessary to include the pond frog (P. lessonae) in the Red Book of the Belgorod region.
Relationship between methylation of promoters of apoptosis genes in blood lymphocytes with the frequency of chromosomal aberrations and the dose of radiation
Authors: Isubakova Daria S. , Tsymbal Olga S. , Litviakov Nikolai V. , Milto Ivan V. , Takhauov Ravil M.
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: Impaired apoptosis can have serious consequences: the accumulation of mutant cells, the development of teratogenic effects and malignant neoplasms. In this regard, the study of the mechanisms of changes in the activity of apoptosis due to methylation under the influence of long-term irradiation is urgent.
AIM: The study of the degree of methylation of gene promoters involved in the induction of apoptosis in the personnel of the Siberian Chemical Plant, exposed to long-term technogenic irradiation of ionizing radiation in the course of their professional activities.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was performed on peripheral blood samples of employees of the Siberian Chemical Plant, with a total dose of external exposure from 100 to 300 mSv. Chromosomal aberrations were detected by standard karyotyping of cultured blood lymphocytes. The degree of gene promoters methylation was determined using MethylScreen technology.
RESULTS: The degree of gene methylation BIRC2, CASP3, CASP9, CIDEB, CRADD, DAPK1, DFFA, FADD, GADD45A, LTBR, TNFRSF21, TNFRSF25 ranges from 0.31 to 41.75%. A strong negative correlation was found between the degree of methylation of GADD45A (r = 0.7364, р = 0.009) with an increased frequency of aberrant cells, moderate negative correlation GADD45A (r = 0.6347, р = 0.035) with an increased frequency of dicentric chromosomes, moderate negative correlation CASP9 (r = 0.6606, р = 0.026), and strong negative correlation CIDEB (r = 0.7982, р = 0.003) with an increased frequency of chromatid fragments. A moderate negative correlation of the methylation degree of CASP9 (r = 0.6636, р = 0.026), and CIDEB (r = 0.6636, р = 0.026) with the total dose of external exposure was shown.
CONCLUSIONS: The decrease in the level of apoptosis at doses of 100300 mSv can be explained by the achievement of the demethylation threshold for the promoters of the proapoptotic genes GADD45A, CASP9, CIDEB. This once again testifies in favor of the threshold model of the dependence of the radiation effect on the radiation dose.
Genotoxic effects of antiepileptic drugs. Literature review
Authors: Eremina Natalia V. , Zhanataev Aliy K. , Durnev Andrey D.
Published: December 2022

Based on the selected criteria data from studies of the genotoxic activity of antiepileptic drugs in eukaryotic test systems in vitro and in vivo, performed by DNA comet assay, chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei assays, published in the period 19952022, were selected and summarized.
Among the 20 drugs reviewed, for one drug (N03AA05 Benzobarbital), there are no data on studies of genotoxic activity; for 7 drugs information is presented only as a summary on the FDA and EMA websites without primary data and information on experimental designs. Among the remaining 12 drugs, only three drugs (phenobarbital, valproic acid and levetiracetam) have information on in vivo studies, both by DNA damage assay and by cytogenetic methods. Based on known publications, it is impossible to draw reasonable conclusions about the genotoxic potential of individual drugs. The available data are fragmentary, incomplete and contradictory. It remains to state the facts of detection of genotoxic effects in individual drugs in separate studies. In general, there is no doubt about the potential genotoxic hazard of this group the drugs in.
Additional studies are needed to clarify the data on the genotoxicity of antiepileptic drugs including beyond the standard protocols. In the course of their implementation, one should take into account the possible tissue-specific manifestation of antiepileptics genotoxicity, as indicated by the facts of genotoxic effects detection in tissue cells that are not targets in classical genotoxic studies. The expediency of objectifying approaches when choosing a drug for safe therapy, taking into account information about its genotoxicity, is emphasized, and the prospects for possible studies on antigenotoxic prophylaxis in patients with epilepsy are pointed out.
The synthesis of Broccoli RNA fluorescent aptamer in Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells
Authors: Shanaa Ousama Al , Rumyantsev Andrei M. , Sambuk Elena V. , Padkina Marina V.
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: RNA aptamers are short, single-stranded oligonucleotides, with remarkable binding ability to target molecules characterized by high specificity and affinity. Such targets are vastly diverse and range from specific ions to entire cells. RNA aptamers are widely used in biology and medicine for basic research, as well as for practical purposes as in therapy and diagnostics. At present, chemical or in vitro methods of synthesis are mainly used to obtain RNA aptamers. However, such methods are expensive and time-consuming with low productivity. Therefore, in vivo methods are becoming more attractive to researchers working on optimizing high-scale production of RNA aptamers.
AIM: The aim of this work is to develop a reporter system for optimizing the synthesis of small RNA molecules in Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used the Broccoli fluorescent RNA aptamer to develop a reporter system allowing us to optimize the conditions for in vivo short RNA synthesis in yeast cells. This aptamer is about 112 bp in size and binds to the fluorogenic dye DFHBI-1T. Only upon binding, the aptamer-dye complex exhibits fluorescence properties. After excitation using light with a wavelength of 482 nm, the aptamer-dye complex emission is observed with a peak at 505 nm.
RESULTS: We have designed a reporter system providing the synthesis of the fluorescent Broccoli RNA aptamer in S. cerevisiae yeast cells. Transcription of RNA molecules containing the aptamer is carried out by the regulated promoter of the GAL1 gene. The synthesized transcripts contain the HH and HDV ribozymes to ensure precise cleavage of the RNA aptamer sequences.
CONCLUSIONS: This reporter system is based on the Broccoli RNA aptamer, and it can be used to optimize the in vivo synthesis of RNA aptamers in S. cerevisiae yeast cells. This work serves an urgent task in connection with the active use of such aptamers in scientific research, biotechnology and medicine.
Diversity of PsSym29 and PsNRLK1 genes in the VIR germplasm collection of pea (Pisum sativum L.)
Authors: Zhukov Vladimir A. , Zhernakov Aleksandr I. , Belozerova Maria Yu. , Dodueva Irina E. , Lebedeva Maria A. , Lutova Ludmila A. , Tikhonovich Igor A.
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: N.I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) (Saint Petersburg, Russia) maintains a large collection of pea (Pisum sativum L.). Earlier, several growth and yield parameters were recorded for plants of 99 accessions grown under inoculation with nodule bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Polymorphism of genes encoding symbiotic receptor kinase PsSym29 [participating in the autoregulation of nodulation (AON) system] and closely related receptor kinase PsNRLK1 (with yet unknown function in symbiosis) was assessed in 99 pea genotypes from the VIR collection. Nucleotide diversity, Tajimas D, and Fay and Wus H statistics were calculated using DNAsp 5.0 software. The significance of associations of allelic state of the sequenced genes with the growth and yield parameters was tested by two-way ANOVA followed by FDR correction and by regression analysis.
RESULTS: Nucleotide diversity and the ratio of synonymous to non-synonymous substitutions was greater in PsNRLK1 as compared to PsSym29. The analysis of Fay and Wus H in sliding window revealed signatures of positive selection in one site of PsSym29 and in three sites of PsNRLK1 gene sequences located in 1st exons encoding LRR (leucine rich repeat) domains. No significant associations of allelic state of neither PsSym29 nor PsNRLK1 genes was found with plant growth and yield parameters.
CONCLUSIONS: The sequences of both PsSym29 and PsNRLK1 genes undergo positive selection, but the conditions in which specific allelic states of the genes become adaptive are to be elucidated in future.
Simulation of the contact pair “wheel-rail” of the experimental design of the flexible rail in the lightweight tracks of the uST string transport system
Authors: Unitsky Anatoli E. , Khlebus Aliaksandr S. , Ivanova Elena A. , Shashko Aliaksandr E. , Tsyrlin Michael I.
Published: December 2022

Rationale: Development of string rails with low weight per meter and high-performance characteristics that determine durability, wear resistance, reliable grip of vehicle wheels to the rail rolling surface is a vital task.

Objective: to investigate impact of the geometric parameters of the steel wheel and the flexible string rail with a polymer coating on the performance characteristics; to choose the most optimal parameters of the contact pair wheel-rail.

Methods: The calculation was made using the ANSYS finite element analysis software package.

Results: in order to reduce the level of contact pressures, it is more expedient to lower the load on the wheel or increase the width of the contact, rather than to increase the radius of the wheel; the most optimal is the contact pair, where the modulus of elasticity of the polymer rail head is equal to the modulus of elasticity of the wheel material, that is, materials similar in elasticity are used in the contact pair.
Substantiation of solutions in the field of digitalization of container services of the Оktyabrskaya railway
Authors: Chechenova Liana M.
Published: December 2022

Background: in terms of current trends in the development of the transport industry and technological trends, it is possible to single out the use of digital tools in order to optimize the logistics of multimodal cargo transportation. The improvement of logistics services involves the expansion of the line of digital participants in the transportation process, the development of mobility ecosystems, the formation of a system of digital transport corridors and directly leads to the personalization of digital consumer behavior.
Aim: to evaluate the main container services and logistics efficiency of multimodal cargo transportation along with technologies implemented in the process of cargo transportation. We confirm that the proposed solutions make it possible to increase the efficiency of the transport organization through the use of digital logistics tools.
Methods: the methodology of the study is based on the analysis of data on the volumes, timing and structure of cargo transported by containers through the ports of the North-West, evaluation of projects for container transportation of goods and evaluation of the effects of their implementation at the site of the Oktyabrskaya Railway - a branch of JSC Russian Railways, taking into account digital coordination of the process of interaction with seaports. The information base of the study is based on reports and the regulatory framework of the Oktyabrskaya Railway - a branch of JSC Russian Railways and methods of planning and rationing expenses during track work.
Results: the evaluation of the container services of the Oktyabrskaya Railway through the ports of St. Petersburg is given, the key functions of the Road information and logistics system in the digital coordination of the interaction process with seaports are updated, the need to expand the capabilities of the online services of JSC Russian Railways is justified.
Conclusion: the results of the study confirm that fundamentally new approaches to the organization of multimodal cargo transportation by containers and the movement towards personalization of logistics solutions for certain customer requests in terms of the introduction of digital logistics tools opens up broad prospects for the formation and development of external and internal online services and services, ensuring transparency of relationships with customers and partners throughout the service cycle on multimodal transportation with the subsequent creation of a global information environment for all participants of transportation.
Simulation models and application options of electric power storage systems in traction power supply
Authors: Nezevak Vladislav  L. , Dmitriev Aleksandr  D.
Published: December 2022

Background: the determination of the energy indicators of the traction power supply system based on the train schedule in the conditions of operation of storage devices is based on the solution of a number of instantaneous schemes, each of which corresponds to the established operating mode. These methods require adaptation to account for non-linear characteristics or indicators, the value of which is associated with the retrospective of the change. In this regard, it is necessary to use calculation methods based on the solution of differential equations to solve problems related to the assessment of performance in transient or emergency modes, taking into account dynamic characteristics. Modeling the operation of storage devices in the traction power supply system allows you to evaluate the change in indicators depending on the parameters of the devices, traction load and circuit solutions for various topologies.
Aim: to determine the structure of models of electric power storage devices in DC and AC traction power supply systems, to consider the results of calculating the main energy indicators, to determine ways to improve circuit solutions based on the identified features, to determine the technical requirements for electric power storage devices in traction power supply.
Materials and Methods: to obtain the results, methods for solving differential equations corresponding to various variants of the topology of storage devices in traction power supply, implemented in the Matlab software package, are used.
Results: the results obtained allow us to determine the structure of storage devices for traction power supply, evaluate models of devices for traction power supply of direct and alternating current, outline the prospects for further research in the field of circuit solutions and required device parameters.
Conclusion: the results of the study allow models of electricity storage devices and technical solutions for their implementation aimed at introducing DC and AC traction power supply into the system.
Оn the issue of the development of permanent magnet suspension systems for transport systems
Authors: Kim Konstantin K. , Karpova Irina M.
Published: December 2022

Aim: to develop recommendations for the development of optimal design schemes of permanent magnet systems designed to create a suspension force.
Methods: we described the electromagnetic interaction in the system using classical field theory, the principle of superposition was used, the forces were calculated using the method of mirror images and Chebyshev quadrature formulas.
Results: an increase of the number of rows of magnets with alternating polarity leads to an increase in the resulting strength of the demagnetizing field and there is the opposite effect in the case without alternating polarities. The suspension force reaches its maximum at a certain distance between the rows of permanent magnets. The side force reaches a maximum at a certain amount of transverse displacement in the horizontal suspension system. The control of the loading capacity of the suspension by changing the size of the cross sections of permanent magnets is accompanied by an increase their mass of the magnetic material. The presence of a ferromagnetic buss significantly improves the characteristics of the suspension and has a beneficial effect on the stability of the suspension.
Conclusion: it is advisable to use multi-row structures on the track and on the vehicle with a certain step of installing magnetic rows with alternating polarity and the distance between the rows affects the magnitude of electromagnetic forces. The choice of the cross-sectional dimensions of permanent magnets should be carried out taking into account the specific requirements for the suspension system, taking into account the reversibility of the remagnetization process.
ESCRITA FÍLMICA DE UM MUNICÍPIO PARAENSE:
Authors: Oliveira Matheus de Sousa
Published: December 2022

este artigo tem como objetivo analisar o processo de representação histórica em "Do que sinto saudade", curta-metragem do diretor Edivaldo Moura que é estruturado por uma relação ensaística entre o cineasta indo de encontro com determinados habitantes do município de Castanhal no estado do Pará que emprestam parte de suas lembranças pessoais de um passado delimitado em lugares de memória que já não existem na região atualmente. Buscamos através da análise fílmica, enquadrando-a previamente nos complexos conceitos teóricos de representação e memória, a resposta para os questionamentos que serão levantados ao decorrer deste artigo, além de também reconhecermos uma necessidade de contextualizar o entorno da produção através de outros filmes que auxiliaram em sua construção, nos levando a uma comparação para ambos andarem de mãos dadas com uma análise que compreenda a construção de um produto cultural que busca no passado atender aos anseios de um presente que o reivindica constantemente.
Productivity and Innovation Shortfalls in the Andean Region
Authors: Moreno Kenji , Deza María Cecilia
Published: December 2022

This paper studies productivity in the Andean region in detail between 1990 and 2018. To do this, a growth accounting analysis is carried out, considering adjustments for quality and utilization of production factors. Subsequently, the paper explores whether the productivity gap between the Andean region and developed countries results from an innovation shortfall (low R&D investment level) or an accumulation problem. Several findings emerged. First, the absence of adjustments for quality and utilization of production factors generates more optimistic (and biased) estimates of TFP than when such adjustments are incorporated. Second, the link between productivity and the terms of trade has been heterogeneous across the Andean countries. Third, all Andean countries experience innovation shortfalls: innovation level is below expected due to the high cost of innovation adoption and to the policy distortions that have persisted over the last three decades. In that way, we warn of the diminishing contribution of productivity in the Andean countries' growth and highlight the need to establish more favorable conditions for innovation.
The dialectic of fiqh understanding and the female Imam-Khatib tradition in Balingka, West Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Ikhwan Ikhwan , Fatia Azhariah , Suratman Junizar , Ramadhan Muhammad Nabil , Alfaiz Alfaiz
Published: December 2022

This study aimed to determine the relationship between the fiqh understanding and women’s religious role in the tradition of female priests and preachers (imam-khatib) in Balingka, West Sumatra, Indonesia. A qualitative approach was used with data obtained through interviews with informants, including female priests (imam), religious scholars, village guardians, community leaders, and women figures in Balingka. Furthermore, documentation and observation were also used to collect data. The results showed a relationship between the dynamics of  fiqh understanding and women’s religious role. A moderate fiqh understanding makes the practice of female imam-khatib persist, supporting its recognition, and acceptance. Conversely, radical fiqh thoughts make the tradition of female imam-khatib criticized and challenged. The shift in fiqh understanding brings this tradition to an end after lasting for almost a century in Balingka. The study of Islam socialized by the Salafis through television and internet media shifted the understanding of fiqh from a moderate to a radical style, bringing this tradition to an end. Consequently, women are marginalized from their religious roles and are subordinate to men’s roles.
Understanding the values of Islamic economics and Javanese philosophy pertaining to the work ethic of Muslim merchants in Salatiga
Authors: Waluyo Agus
Published: December 2022

The work ethic of Javanese Muslim merchants may originate from religious teachings and Javanese philosophical values. Islamic teachings and Javanese philosophy contain values that edify prudence, caution, precision, optimism, patience, trust in God, harmony, cooperation, and mutual help, which result in a particular work ethic. Muslim merchants in traditional markets, still maintain work ethic manifested by economic practices based on Javanese philosophical aphorisms and Islamic teachings. This study is aimed at analyzing Muslim merchants’ understanding of work ethic as a motive for their actions in manifesting Islamic teachings and Javanese philosophical values aligned with the purposes of sharia (maqasid sharia). Case samples for the study were collected in Salatiga’s traditional markets. The study used the qualitative approach. Max Weber’s social action theory and Abdul Madjid Najjar’s maqasid sharia were used in the analysis. The study results show that merchants’ work ethic begins with their understanding of Islamic economics and Javanese philosophy, which are internalized in their attitude, behavior, and action. The merchants’ behavior, containing substantial values of Islamic teachings and Javanese philosophy, suggests the existence of instrumentally rational, value rational, affectual, and traditional social actions. The merchants’ motivations are categorized as efforts to realize maqasid by maintaining values of human life, human self, society, and physical environment. The merchants’ attitude has fulfilled the indicators for safeguarding faith and rights, human self and intellect, social entity and posterity, and wealth and ecology.
Co-Designing OER with Learners: A Replacement to Traditional College Level Assessments
Authors: Carter Kimberlee , Redondo Camila
Published: December 2022

Academic integrity issues in higher education have been reported as increasing as the pandemic and need to learn remotely continues. The use of homework sites like Chegg, that provide learners with answers to tests and assignments increased significantly through 2019 and 2020 (Walsh et al., 2021). Open advocates have been espousing the benefits of open educational resource assignments co-constructed with learners and published in the open prior to the pandemic. These have largely been writing assignments taking the form of blogs with a focus on teaching practices. An example of this phenomenon is the Open Learner Patchbook where learners write blog posts to share in the open (Open Education Global, 2019). A faculty involved in two projects that co-designed Open Education Resources (OER) with learners was curious to know what processes learned could be applied to co-designing OER assignments in their own teaching practice as an alternative to traditional assessments where answers can be found on homework sites. Easton et al. (2019) propose that original assignments encourage learners to complete their own work. This presentation focuses on what was learned in the co-design process with learners and what can be applied to teaching practices in college diploma and certificate courses.
Feedback Generation through Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Bulut Okan , Wongvorachan Tarid
Published: December 2022

Feedback is an essential part of the educational assessment that improves student learning. As education changes with the advancement of technology, educational assessment has also adapted to the advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Despite the increasing use of online assessments during the last decade, a limited number of studies have discussed the feedback generation process as implemented through AI. To address this gap, we propose a conceptual paper to organize and discuss the application of AI in the feedback generation and delivery processes. Among different branches of AI, Natural Language Processing (NLP), Educational Data Mining (EDM), and Learning Analytics (LA) play the most critical roles in the feedback generation process. The process begins with analyzing students’ data from educational assessments to build a predictive machine learning model with additional features such as students’ interaction with course material using EDM methods to predict students’ learning outcomes. Written feedback can be generated from a model with NLP-based algorithms before being delivered, along with non-verbal feedback via a LA dashboard or a digital score report. Also, ethical recommendations for using AI for feedback generation are discussed. This paper contributes to understanding the feedback generation process to serve as a venue for the future development of digital feedback.
Investigating the Effects of Computer-Generated Contextual Landmarks on Short-Term Recall of E-Texts
Authors: Dron Jon , McGreal Rory , Kumar Vive , Davies Jennifer
Published: December 2022

E-texts have many advantages over their paper counterparts, especially when they are reflowable and available as open educational resources (OERs). Unfortunately, research suggests that e-texts are, on the whole, less memorable than p-texts, in part due to their relative lack of visual navigational landmarks that help to anchor recall. The Landmarks project team is, therefore, building an application that inserts computer-generated artificial imperfections – abstract or representational landmarks – into the display of e-texts, that remain consistently associated with text passages even when documents are reflowed or reformatted. We hypothesize that it may consequently be easier to recall the associated contents. The application is designed to provide the means to present modified open texts using a range of generated landmarks and variations on them, and to test recall of the content. In this initial pilot study, results of tests for readers receiving different landmarks will be compared, with the intent of identifying promising approaches to use for future studies.
The Lymphatic System of the Dog: Translating and Transitioning to an Open Textbook
Authors: Dreaver-Charles Kristine , Mayer Monique
Published: December 2022

This contribution is situated at the University of Saskatchewan, where Open Education Resources have been supported since 2014. During the pandemic we began the work of translating The Lymphatic System of the Dog, by Dr. Hermann Baum, into English. Originally published in 1918, Dr. Baum’s book has been transitioned into Pressbooks, with the addition of ancillary resources. Balancing the legacy of Dr. Baum’s research with our own innovations in assessment and design engages new generations of learners and practitioners. The benefits for faculty and students in designing and publishing openly must also be acknowledged. Locally designed and produced open education resources created with and by our university community is of significance to the academy. The adoption of open textbooks in university classes establishes a discourse and refinement of knowledge ensuring quality resources are designed and shared.
Osmanlı’da Nakşibendiyye/Müceddidiyye Tarikatı ve Ehl-i Sünnet Hassasiyeti
Authors: GÜMÜŞOĞLU Hasan
Published: December 2022

Bu makalede Osmanlı’da Nakşibendiyye/Müceddidiyye tarikatı ve Ehl-i sünnet hassasiyeti ekseninde Osmanlı’nın mezhep anlayışı incelenmiş olup çalışmamız esnasında araştırma ve yayın etiğine uyulmuştur. Nakşibendiyye şeyhleri, baştan itibaren Ehl-i sünnet’in esaslarını tarikatın ilk şartlarından kabul etmişlerdir. “Müceddid-i elf-i sânî” olarak genel kabul gören İmâm-ı Rabbânî’nin de bu esasları güçlü bir şekilde vurgulaması, sonraki Nakşibendîlere ilham kaynağı olmuştur. Müceddidiyye’nin ilk halifesi olan Muhammed Murad Buhârî’nin sohbetlerine pek çok âlim ve devlet adamı katılması, Osmanlı’da Müceddidiyye’ye baştan itibaren büyük bir ilginin olduğunu göstermektedir.

Müceddidiyye şeyh ve âlimlerin Osmanlı’nın mezhep anlayışına yaptığı katkının gösterilmesi için araştırmamızın baş tarafında İmâm-ı Rabbânî’nin Ehl-i sünnet mezhebi hakkındaki görüşlerine yer verilmiştir. Osmanlı’da Müceddidiyye şeyh ve âlimleri genel manada önceki Nakşibendiyye’nin mezhep anlayışını devam ettirmiş olup bu çalışmada onların Ehl-i sünnet’e bağlılığın gerekliliğine dair ifadelerine ve bu konuya sürekli gündemde tutarak ona büyük önem atfettiklerine dair örneklere yer verilmiştir. Bu anlamda Osmanlı’da Müceddidî âlimler arasından Şeyh Mehmed Emin Tokadî, Ebû Saîd Hâdimî, Mustafa Vahyî Efendi, Hâlid-i Bağdâdî ve Ahmed Ziyâeddîn Gümüşhânevî’nin ön plana çıktığı görülmüştür. Bu sebeple makalemizde söz konusu âlimlerin görüşleri esas alınarak Osmanlı’nın Ehl-i sünnet konusundaki hassasiyetinde Müceddidiyye’nin etkisi ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.
Determinants of Foreign Investors’ Home Bias in the Vietnamese Stock Market
Authors: Pham Sy Long , Do Anh Duc , Trinh Mai Van , Ha Dieu Linh , Tran Xuan Phuc
Published: December 2022

This paper studies the determinants of foreign investors’ home bias in the Vietnamese stock market. The research used a database on foreign ownership and the characteristics of 4698 enterprises listed on the Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange (HOSE) and Hanoi Stock Exchange (HNX) over a 10-year period. A multivariate regression model was constructed using two methods: (i) cross-sectional regressions by year, and (ii) panel data regressions to evaluate the relationship between firm characteristics representing barriers to foreign portfolio investment (FPI) and foreign investors’ home bias in the Vietnamese stock market. The results revealed the impact of firm characteristics representing FPI barriers on the home bias of foreign investors in the Vietnamese stock market – i.e., which business characteristics are preferred by foreign investors when choosing investment portfolios – as well as the impact of FPI barriers on the portfolio selection of foreign investors on the Vietnamese stock market. The research results can be used to identify why foreign investors prefer certain firms in their investment portfolios in order to enhance the attraction of FPI capital, for which the most radical solution is to solve the problem of the investment barriers hidden behind firm characteristics.
Impact of Climate and Pollution on Schizophrenia: A Narrative on Exposure-Response Relationship
Authors: Thomas Jobin , Parameswaran Murali
Published: December 2022

Introduction: In recent years, the relationship between environment and psychological well-being has been paid attention among researchers. With the preceding emphasis on climate change, significant studies have been conducted to analyze the relationship between air pollutants, such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO­­­­2), oxidants (OX), carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter (PM) of size ≤ 2.5 µm (PM2.5), and atmospheric factors like surrounding temperature, relative humidity, and their impact on health, especially mental health.
Materials and Methods: This narrative review was conducted on the exposure-response relationship between environmental factors and air pollutants, and one type of mental health challenge, schizophrenia. Accordingly, the data analysis techniques applied to this problem were reviewed. The key research elements considered from existing studies included the relation between air quality and mental health, mathematical models, data sources, and areas that remain unexplored.
 Results: It was observed that most studies related to the environmental impact on schizophrenia have been limited to temperature and few pollutants.
Conclusion: In the primary feasibility study, PM2.5, PM10, and temperature had a positive correlation and lag effect with the daily number of emergency admissions of schizophrenia.
Spatiotemporal Analysis and Health Risk Assessment of Nitrate in Kan River Basin, Tehran: Application of IRWQI and Monte Carlo Simulation
Authors: Rezaeiarshad Negin , Rafiee Mohammad , Sayyadi Mojtaba , Eslami Akbar
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Monitoring and controlling water resources and using health risk assessment approaches for water pollutants are essential for health promotion programs. This study aims to determine the water quality status and its spatiotemporal variation across the Kan River Basin, explore the interrelationship between surface and groundwater quality indices, and assess the nitrate health risk in drinking water.
Materials and Methods: The water quality index (WQI) was calculated based on the guideline of the Iran Environmental Protection Organization, and spatiotemporal distribution maps were prepared using ArcGIS in 2020. To determine the correlation between IRWQISC and IRWQIGC indices, Spearman's non-parametric test was applied. Furthermore, Hazard Quotient (HQ), Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk (ELCR), and Monte-Carlo Simulation techniques were used to determine the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of nitrate in three age groups.
Results: The water resources were classified into three groups of medium quality, relatively good, and good during the study period. All parameters complied with the Iranian water quality standards. Furthermore, the statistical analysis revealed no significant relationship between the surface and groundwater quality indices. The calculated HQ values for infants, children, and adults were 0.661, 0.620, and 0.236, respectively. The ELCR values for infants, children, and adults were 1.06 × 10-4, 0.99 × 10-4, and 0.38 × 10-4, respectively, which, for the infants' group, was higher than the guideline limit of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) (10-4).
Conclusion: The water resources are suitable for drinking purposes. However, more attention is needed to prevent water contamination in the coming years.
Sanitary Wastewater Supplemented with Glycerol to Obtain Lipid-Rich Microalgal Biomass
Authors: Torres Amaral Eduarda , Alves Giséle , Julich Jennifer , Da Silva Martiele Bizarro , De Souza Celente Gleison , Hoeltz Michele , De Souza Schneider Rosana de Cassia , Brittes Benitez Lisianne
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Mixotrophic microalgae systems have great potential for bioenergy production and wastewater treatment. Anaerobic-treated wastewater supplemented with carbon can improve biomass yield and quality, as it presents low carbon content. Alternative carbon sources in microalgae cultivation, such as glycerol, are essential for minimizing the economic and environmental impacts caused by biomass production, and improving the profile of fatty acids. This study aimed to increase biomass production and the lipid content with glycerol as the carbon source for microalgae cultivation from sanitary wastewater.
Materials and Methods: The microalgae behavior in the wastewater was pilot tested using glycerol supplementation at 7.5, 10.5, and 12.5 g L-1.
Results: In all the experiments with sanitary wastewater, the microalgae production presented Chlorella sp. as the predominant species. The best biomass (3.78 ± 1.12 g L-1) and lipid (35.67 ± 0.80%) yields were found at 12.5 and 10.5 g L-1 of glycerol, respectively.
Conclusion: The microalgae produced more lipids with glycerol supplementation. An attractive profile for biodiesel was found regarding the fatty acids in the biomass.
The Effect of Adding Cinnamon Bark Oil to the Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity of Emulgel Containing Cocoa Pod Husk Extract
Authors: Ega Priani Sani , Neriani Budiman Soia , Peni Fitrianingsih Sri , Syafnir Livia , Muhammad Fakih Taufik
Published: December 2022

Our previous study showed that cocoa pod husk extract has tyrosinase inhibitory properties and the potential to prevent skin hyperpigmentation. Another natural source that is known to have tyrosinase inhibitory properties is cinnamon bark oil. This paper aims to analyze the tyrosinase inhibitory properties of cinnamon bark oil through molecular docking. It also aims to determine the effect of adding cinnamon bark oil to the tyrosinase inhibitory properties of emulgel containing cocoa pod husk extract. The constituents of cinnamon bark oil were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The molecular docking was conducted using autodock. The emulgels were prepared by adding 2% of cocoa pod husk extract with and without the addition of cinnamon bark oil (1%). Tyrosinase inhibitory properties were analyzed using a colorimetric enzymatic assay and the dopachrome method. The GCMS result showed the cinnamon bark oil containing 53.37% cinnamaldehyde. The in-silico study showed cinnamaldehyde properties as a tyrosinase inhibitor, since it can bind on the active site of the enzyme with free binding energy at -4.88 kcal/mol. The addition of cinnamon bark oil (1%) to the emulgel preparation increased the tyrosinase inhibitory activity by 63.33% based on in vitro study.
Keywords: emulgel, cocoa pod husk extract, cinnamon bar oil, tyrosinase inhibitor
The Effect of Aqueous Extract of Robusta Coffee Compared to Neomycin-Bacitracin on Wound Healing by Measuring TNF-1 and bFGF in Fibroblast Cell Cultures
Authors: S. Yuwono H. , Putri M. , Purbaningsih W. , M. Marsya N. , A. Sumantri S.
Published: December 2022

Coffee grounds have been used to dress wounds for more than 100 years, with excellent results. The wound heals with an acceptable scar. This study aims to compare coffee extract to neomycin-bacitracin in cell migration. Compared to the antibiotic neomycin-bacitracin powder group and control group in scar tissue formation, the Robusta coffee powder extract measured positively on Transforming Growth Factor and Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor markers. This study emphasizes the ability of coffee to heal wounds without causing excessive scarring. Coffee is proven to have better wound healing capabilities than Neomycin-Bacitracin.
Keywords: coffee grounds, fibroblast cell-line, Transforming Growth Factor, basic Fibroblast Growth Factor
The Development of a Natural, Antiseptic Liquid Bath Soap from Apple Rose Leaves
Authors: Suwendar S. , Krisnamurti Y. , Lestari W. , Mardliyani D. , Fitriani N.
Published: December 2022

The coronavirus has a high transmission capacity through direct physical contact between humans and objects. It is necessary to use disinfectants, to break the transmission chain. This study aimed to make liquid bath soap with apple rose leaves and evaluate its antiseptic properties. The active ingredient used is a water fraction of 0.78% w/v. The results of the pharmaceutical evaluation showed that liquid soap made from apple rose leaves is homogeneous and has no coarse granules, has a pH of 8, viscosity of 498 mPas, level of free alkaline of 0.7%, specific gravity of 1.03 g / mL and height of foam being 85.71%. The apple rose leaves bath soap can inhibit the growth of S.aureus and E. coli bacteria after 15 and 75 seconds of contact time, respectively. Apple rose leaves have the potential to be developed into a natural antiseptic bath soap.
Keywords: corona virus, liquid bath soap, apple rose leaves, antiseptic activity
Políticas de desposesión y resistencias generadas: el caso de Cerro de Pasco
Authors: Palacios-Jerves Sofía , Torres-Chicoma Susy , Álvarez-de-Andrés Eva
Published: December 2022

Los recursos naturales de Latinoamérica han sido intensamente explotados a través de procesos de desposesión con el fin de obtener un flujo de recursos económicos del Sur hacia el Norte Global. En este contexto, el siguiente trabajo tuvo el objetivo de analizar los procesos de acumulación y los procesos de desposesión generados en Cerro de Pasco (Perú) entre los años 2006 y 2021 así como los procesos de resistencia de la población generados en diferentes escalas: local, nacional y transnacional. Metodológicamente, el trabajo se llevó a cabo mediante la aplicación sistemática de un marco analítico que contempla los procesos de acumulación, desposesión y resistencia, de los cuales se estudiaron los aspectos físico, social, económico y de políticas públicas en las tres escalas de análisis. Los resultados del estudio muestran que en Cerro de Pasco existen procesos de acumulación transnacional y nacional que facilitan la generación de procesos de desposesión local. Frente a estos procesos de desposesión se generan resistencias que se limitan al ámbito local dado que no existe una capacidad organizativa de la población, ni el poder suficiente para reivindicar los procesos de acumulación del resto de escalas.
Estimación de la frecuencia del parto vaginal instrumentado en Colombia en los años 2015 – 2019. Estudio transversal de registros poblacionales
Authors: Rozo-Agudelo Nicolás , Daza-Barrera Sebastian Camilo
Published: December 2022

Objetivos: evaluar la frecuencia del parto instrumentado en Colombia y por regiones entre el 2015 y 2019.
Materiales y métodos: estudio de corte transversal a partir de registros poblacionales. Se incluyeron los registros de mujeres con edad gestacional mayor a 28 semanas y parto vaginal. Muestreo consecutivo. La información se obtuvo a partir del certificado de nacido vivo del Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística (DANE). Se realizó la descripción de las variables sociodemográficas y clínicas. La frecuencia del parto instrumentado fue calculada y descrita por año y departamento.
Resultados: se incluyeron 3.224.218 registros de recién nacidos vivos. De estos, 1.719.405 (53,33 %) correspondieron a partos vaginales, y 1.468.726 (45,55 %) a partos por vía cesárea. La frecuencia nacional del parto instrumentado entre el 2015 y 2019 fue de 36.087 nacimientos (1,11 %); Antioquia y Bogotá, D.C. fueron los lugares con mayor ocurrencia, 16.201 (4,5 %) y 13.686 (2,52 %), respectivamente.
Conclusiones: el parto vaginal instrumentado es la vía de parto con menor ocurrencia en Colombia con tendencia a la disminución. La formación en este recurso para el uso durante el trabajo de parto no debe perderse en la formación del profesional de salud, especialmente en los programas de Ginecología y Obstetricia. Se debe evaluar si el aumento en el adecuado uso de esta técnica puede disminuir la tasa de cesáreas observadas actualmente, así como describir los escenarios clínicos donde su uso es seguro para la madre y el feto. Se requieren estudios prospectivos, pues pueden permitir establecer las causas del descenso en el uso de esta herramienta obstétrica, los resultados maternos y perinatales en términos de su riesgo/beneficio.