bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ethical Competences in Accounting Higher Education
Authors: Fitó M. Àngels , Llobet Joan , Moya Soledad
Published: November 2011

The integration of the Spanish University System into the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) introduces, among other aspects, competency-based learning (MECD, 2003). For a discipline like accounting this context implies the challenge of introducing ethics into accounting education, since ethical values have been included as a fundamental part of the generic competencies that graduates are required. The following study analyzes, in the light of the importance that academics and professionals give to ethical competences, to which extent universities have committed with ethics, considering the information provided in their respective websites relating their first cycle degrees. The outcomes obtained show the little presence of ethical competencies in the information published in the websites of the offered courses.
Opinion Dynamics
Authors: Xia Haoxiang , Wang Huili , Xuan Zhaoguo
Published: November 2011

As a key sub-field of social dynamics and sociophysics, opinion dynamics utilizes mathematical and physical models and the agent-based computational modeling tools, to investigate the spreading of opinions in a collection of human beings. This research field stems from various disciplines in social sciences, especially the social influence models developed in social psychology and sociology. A multidisciplinary review is given in this paper, attempting to keep track of the historical development of the field and to shed light on its future directions. In the review, the authors discuss the disciplinary origins of opinion dynamics, showing that the combination of the social processes, which are conventionally studied in social sciences, and the analytical and computational tools, which are developed in mathematics, physics and complex system studies, gives birth to the interdisciplinary field of opinion dynamics. The current state of the art of opinion dynamics is then overviewed, with the research progresses on the typical models like the voter model, the Sznajd model, the culture dissemination model, and the bounded confidence model being highlighted. Correspondingly, the future directions of this academic field are envisioned, with an advocation for closer synthesis of the related disciplines.
Telemedicine and Development
Authors: Miscione Gianluca
Published: November 2011

This study is based on an ethnographic study of a telemedicine system implemented in Northeastern Peru. This system connects a hospital in the Upper Amazon with health care facilities scattered throughout that area of the jungle. Patients’ transport through the physical nodes of the public health care system relied on rivers and wooden boats, but voice and data can now flow directly through channels apart from the existing health care organization. The time required to reach a doctor might previously have been the travel distance for different medicines served as a justification for people not to follow new ways to recovery. After the implementation of telemedicine, the effectiveness of medical talks depends on the ability to understand each other. Locally there is no single health care practice that is believed to be the right one: patients follow different paths for recovery through traditional and biomedical treatments. Thus, the diverse social environment affects both directly and indirectly the use of the telemedicine system, which evolves accordingly with how public healthcare service is perceived and used.
An Adaptive System for Retrieval and Composition of Learning Objects
Authors: Yoosooka Burasakorn , Wuwongse Vilas
Published: November 2011

This paper proposes a new approach to automatic retrieval and composition of Learning Objects (LOs) in an Adaptive Educational Hypermedia System (AEHS) using multidimensional learner characteristics to enhance learning effectiveness. The approach focuses on adaptive techniques in four components of AEHS: Learning Paths, LO Retrieval, LO Sequencing, and Examination Difficulty Levels. This approach has been designed to enable the adaptation of rules to become generic. Hence, the application to various domains is possible. The approach dynamically selects, sequences, and composes LOs into an individual learning package based on the use of domain ontology, learner profiles, and LO metadata. The Sharable Content Object Reference Model is employed to represent LO metadata and learning packages in order to support LO sharing. The IMS Learner Information Package Specification is used to represent learner profiles. A preliminary evaluation of the developed system indicates the system’s effectiveness in terms of learners’ satisfaction.
Enterprise 2.0 Management Challenges
Authors: Patten Karen P. , Keane Lynn B.
Published: November 2011

The nature of the enterprise and the way people work is changing rapidly. The enabling power and competitive advantage of new social and participative technologies will benefit those that recognize the way work is changing. Web 2.0, the ‘second phase’ of the Web, is the foundation of a new and improved Enterprise 2.0. Enterprise 2.0 provides, through a web of interconnected applications, services, and devices, the capabilities for enterprise employees and vendors to be more competitive and productive and for enterprise customers to be more engaged and loyal by accessing the right information from the right people at the right time. This paper describes Enterprise 2.0 management challenges and issues identified by Chief Information Officers, which include the unauthorized use of services and technologies, the integration of a myriad of technologies and capabilities, and the potential compliance and security implications. The authors have proposed a conceptual framework that explores the relationships of three Enterprise 2.0 dimensions – technology, its use, and how resulting user-generated content may lead to business value – with management implications affecting IT culture and policies within the enterprise. This paper provides observations and suggestions for future research.
Co-Immobilized Lignin Peroxidase and Manganese Peroxidase from Coriolus Versicolor Capable of Decolorizing Molasses Waste Water
Authors: Ran Yan Hong , Che Zhi Fei , Chen Wan Qun
Published: November 2011

This paper explains how the Lignin peroxidase and Manganese Peroxidase from Coriolus Versicolor were co-immobilized by chitosan microspheres.It studies kinetic character of the enzyme after co-immobilization.Optimum Lip and MnP activity obtained at 30-35°C for 14 hours in pH 8.4 glutaraldehyde solutions during immobilized to chitosan microspheres which prepared by coagulation in NaOH: methanol=3:2. When kept at 50°C for 6h, more than 80% of the immobilized enzyme activity remained, while the free enzymes were inactive under the same conditions. The co-immobilized enzyme can remain 70% activity after two weeks while both of the free enzymes inactive. Compared with the free enzymes, temperature and time stability of the co-immobilized enzyme was considerably improved.
The Impact of Tetrahydropalmatine on 99Tcm-MIBI Uptake of Human Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cell
Authors: Yun Jun , Wang Ling , Yuan Jia Ying
Published: November 2011

Objective: To observe the effects of chemosensitizer on expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in multidrug-resistant (MDR) carcinoma cells and the changes of corresponding 99Tcm-MIBI (referring to methoxy isobutyl isonitrile) uptake kinetics. Methods: Firstly, the immunocytochemistry was used to test the experssion level of P-gp in carcinoma cells; then the γ counter was used to test the uptake rate of radioactive precipitation of 99Tcm-MIBI; and finally to do statistical analysis of the test data. Results: The P-gp expression in MCF-7/S cells was negative, while it was strongly positive in MCF-7/ADM cells, and the P-gp expression in MCF-7/ADM cells reduced significantly after the tetrahydropalmatine (Tet) effect. The uptake rate of MCF-7/S cells reached the maximal value (1.39%) after being cultured with 99Tcm-MIBI for 90 minutes, and then it kept in equilibrium. The 99Tcm-MIBI uptake rate of MCF-7/ADM cells had been maintained at low level, being 0.371% after 90 minutes. The 99Tcm-MIBI uptake rate of MCF-7/S cells was higher than that of MCF-7/ADM cells. After the tetrahydropalmatine and verapamil effects, the 99Tcm-MIBI uptake rate of MCF-7/S cells had no significant change, while the 99Tcm-MIBI uptake rate of MCF-7/ADM cells increased by 1.9 times. Conclusion: Tet can reverse the MDR in MCF-7 cells, and the mechanism can achieve the effect of reversing the drug resistance through adjusting down the expression of P-gp in carcinoma cells.
Synthesis of Juglone and its Derivatives
Authors: Wang Jin Lan , Yang Zhong Jin , Wang Jian Jun , Tang Wan Xia , Zhao Ming , Zhang Shu Jun
Published: November 2011

Juglone (1), plumbagin (2) and isoplumbagin (3) were synthesized from the natural product 4,8-dihydroxy naphthol-β-D-glucoside (4) which existed large amount in barks of Juglans mandshurica. Juglone was achieved directly by deglycosylation catalyzing with CAS in 78 % yield. Plumbagin was synthesized by five steps with an overall yield of 22 %. Isoplumbagin was synthesized by six steps in 24 % yield.
Production of Fermentative Hydrolysate with Antioxidative Activity of Extruded Corn Gluten Meal by Bacillus natto
Authors: Zheng Xi Qun , Liu Xiao Lan , Liu Zhi Sheng
Published: November 2011

Fermentative hydrolysate of extruded corn gluten with higher solubility and antioxidative property by Bacillus natto was prepared. Extrusion of corn gluten was applied as pretreatment before fermentation. The best fermentative hydrolysis results can be obtained by fermenting at 34°C for cultivation time of 32 h, and flask rotation speed and initial pH of culture media were 200 r/min and 6.5-7.0 respectively. Soluble protein content and antioxidative activity of the fermentative hydrolysate reached 24.95 mg/ml and 259.21 U/ml respectively under the optimized culture condition. The molecular weight of the peptides in the optimal hydrolysate distributed mainly over 860-5300 Da determined by gel filtration chromatography. The hydrolysates displayed good solubility and antioxidative activity.
Cloning and Expression of TLR4-EGFP Fusion Protein in HT-29 Cells and the Visualized Interaction between TLR4 and Enteropathogenic E.coli
Authors: Gao Quan Xin , Qi Li Li , Wang Jin Bo , Zhuang Qing Cha , Chen Shi Jian , Xu Xiang , Zheng Zhi
Published: November 2011

The aim of this study was to determine whether theEscherichia coli(EPEC) attached to cells by the TLR4. A fusion between gene encoding fluoresce-enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) and Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) was constructed and expressed inEscherichia coli. Then the pEGFP-N1-TLR4 fusion expression vector was transfected into HT-29 cells. The green fluoresce was observed at the plasma membrane of HT-29 cells under inverted fluorescent microscopes. In addition, the FITC stained EPEC was also observed adherence to the TLR4 of HT-29 cells.The results indicated that the EPEC adhered to cells by bonding to TLR4 protein. It is the first time that the TLR4 has been explained as an adhesion receptor.
Discussion on Safety Criterion of Structural Response to Blasting Vibration
Authors: Wei Hai Xia , Liu Ting , Zhu Jie , Tan Li Jian
Published: November 2011

Taking a structure of single-degree freedom as analyzed object, the problem of structural dynamic response to blasting vibration loads was transformed into the problem of that to a series of simple harmonic loads with wavelet packet method. A safety criterion of structural response to blasting vibration has been put forward, which is more detailed, reasonable and scientific than others in use with involving parameters related to structural characteristics, blasting energy, blasting amplitude, blasting frequency and blasting duration.
The Harmonic Response Analysis of Engine Block Based on Modal Analysis
Authors: Zheng Zhong Cai , Gao Yan , Liu Na , Zhang Kun Jin , Chen Hai Ou , Huang Xi Bin , Wang Jin Hu
Published: November 2011

The modal analysis of the engine block is carried out using finite element method. Through the analysis, the inherent frequencies and mode shapes of the first 6 order modes are obtained respectively. Then the harmonic response analysis of the engine block is carried out based on the modal analysis, and the corresponding inherent frequencies of the weak positions of block under the action of external cycle force are obtained. Finally, the consistency of the typical mode shape and amplitude-frequency curve is compared.
Lie Symmetries for Discrete Electromechanical Dynamical Systems with Irregular Lattices
Authors: Zhao Gang Ling , Chen Li Qun , Fu Jing Li
Published: November 2011

In this article, we study Lie symmetries and conservation laws of the discrete electromechanical dynamical systems with irregular lattices. The Lagrange-Maxwell equation and transformation operators in the space of continuous and discrete variables are introduced, the determining equations and the structural equations of Lie symmetry theory are obtained under infinitesimal transformations with respect to generalized coordinates. Finally, we discuss an example to illustrate these results.
Numerical Simulation of Air Flow during Air Sparging Remediation
Authors: Wang Jian , Hu Li Ming
Published: November 2011

A 2D numerical model is used to modeling the movement of air during air sparging process for groundwater remediation. The zone of influence (ZOI) and the water saturation distribution can be obtained from the calculations. The results agree well with the centrifuge test data, indicating the two-phase flow model is reasonable for numerical simulation of air sparging process. It was also shown that air compressibility has a significant influence on the extent of ZOI.
Energy-Efficient Tracking Control for Automatic Guided Vehicle
Authors: Yin Xiao Hong , Zhao Han , Yang Can
Published: November 2011

As one kind of mobile robots, the automatic guided vehicle (AGV) has been used in more and more applications. Meanwhile, some challenges in this field still exist, which limits the AGV’s further application. One of the greatest challenges is the energy conservation due to AGV’s limited energy-storage capability. Besides, the AGV tracking issue has not been well addressed yet though being studied for over two decades. This work presents an optimal velocity scheme for AGV energy-efficient tracking control, with consideration of both trajectory tracking and energy conservation involved in a nonlinear optimization problem. The proposed controller possesses the easiness for design and universality for kinematics modeling of other wheeled mobile robots. In addition, the controller’s stability and convergence were proved using Lyapunov theory. Finally, the computer simulation results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed controller.
Experimental Research on the Influence of Moisture Content on the Performance of Desulfurization Plasterboard
Authors: Yang Wei Jun , Liu Hao Ran , Jiang You Bao
Published: November 2011

The Influence of moisture content on the performance of desulfurization plasterboard is studied by a series of experiments in this paper, it investigates the law of absorption procedure and relationship between density and moisture content. At the same time, this paper studies on the fracture load, which is varying with different moisture content of the plasterboard. Finally, we do the research on the change of impact resistance performance of plasterboard with the increase of the moisture content, and get some conclusions about the plasterboard production and application for the future reference.
Distributed Control of Spacecraft Formation Using Improved Cyclic Pursuit with Beacon Guidance
Authors: Yang Hui Xin , Yang Xi Xiang , Zhang Wei Hua
Published: November 2011

Distributed control based on the cyclic pursuit strategies has been of much interest recently. This paper presents distributed control policies based on the simple idea of cyclic pursuit which only require relative measurements of position and velocity of neighbors. First, we study the mathematical theory of cyclic pursuit algorithm. Second, we present Virtual Beacon Guidance is integrated to improve the existing cyclic pursuit strategies to deduce a method of Cyclic Pursuit & Beacon Guidance. Finally, we assume two space missions to prove that the control laws can meet with satellites formation autonomous reconfiguration in various patterns. To this end, the formation can get reconfiguration and reorientation simultaneously. In particular, the mission of convergence to cyclic trajectory with the radius extended is proven by analysis and simulation results.
Stable Nonlinear Control Allocation for Aircraft with Multiple Control Effectors
Authors: Li Heng , Yu Jin Yong , Zhang You An
Published: November 2011

With respect to aircraft with redundant multiple control effectors, a nonlinear controller, which is composed of a virtual control law and a dynamic control allocation with position constraints of each effector, is designed. Based on Lyapunov stability theory and LaSalle invariant set theorem, asymptotic stabilities of upper control subsystem, dynamic control allocation subsystem and overall closed-loop system are proved respectively. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
The Reanalysis Method of Weighted Generalized Inverse for Topological Modification of Plane Structures
Authors: Liang Ping , Wei Jing
Published: November 2011

Using a weighed decomposition of the stiffness matrix and the weighed generalized inverse theory, a reanalysis method is presented for the topological modification of plane structures, and a set of formulae of elementary topology change are obtained. These formulae are explicit one and using them one can reanalyze the modified structures in topological optimal design. Finally an example is given to verify the valid of this method.
Study on Quick Changing Device of Power Battery of Electric Vehicle
Authors: Cheng Chang Xian , Yan Jian Hua
Published: November 2011

The electricity changing models for the energy supply of electric vehicles are described and introduced. A more suitable method of fast replacing battery of electric vehicles is found and the practical method and process of quickly replacing battery are focused as a major topic. The changing equipment used is studied and described while the efficiency of electrical changing equipments is discussed. The reserve number of batteries in power charging plant and the number of vehicles that each quickly changing device could service are studied and derived.
Numerical Model of Wave Flume
Authors: Lan Ya Mei , Li Yong Guo , Guo Wen Hua
Published: November 2011

Based on the finite volume method, the Navier-Stokes equations was used as the governing equations to develop a new module of the wave generating and absorbing function. The wave generating was introduced as the man-made source terms into the momentum equations, which was suitable for the volume of fluid method (VOF). Within the numerical wave flume, the reflected waves from the construction could be absorbed effectively. The absorbing section arranged at the end of the wave flume was for absorbing the incident wave, which allows for random and effective working time within the reletively smaller computation domain. Consequently, the computation efficiency was greatly improved. Finally, the validity of the absorbing section arranged at the front and end of the wave flume was investigated individually.
Effect of Fiber Diameter on Fatigue Strength of Fiber Reinforced Concrete and its Design
Authors: Chun Pang Jo , Ohga Mitao
Published: November 2011

This paper describes the effect of fiber diameter of fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) under fatigue behavior and its design method. Some researchers showed that the fatigue behavior of FRC is mainly governed by the bridging stress degradation, but little information is still available so far. We conducted fatigue tensile experiments of the FRC under constant strain amplitude first and the degradation of bridging stress was measured experimentally. Then, the micromechanics-based theoretical model is also developed, and the model is verified by the test results. The model accounts for the loss of fatigue ruptured fibers of which fatigue rupture is based on S-N relationships. The parametric study from the micromechanics-based theoretical model indicates that the best fiber diameter varies according to the number of cycles and strain level applied to the FRC specimen. The result suggests that we need to design FRC with considering the application and its loading conditions to utilize the capacity of FRC.
On Studying Surface and Nanomechanical Properties of Ti-O Films by Alkali Treatment
Authors: Wen Feng , Cao Yang , Zhou Yu
Published: November 2011

Titanium oxide (Ti-O) films have been widely used in the fields of electron, photology and medicine due to its distinctive optical, electrical and chemical properties. In this paper, Ti-O films were synthesized by micro-arc oxidation firstly, and then surface was modified by NaOH alkali solution under different treatment time. The wettabilities of as-prepared films were investigated by contact angle measurements using four common liquids. nanoindentation was adopted to obtain the films’ nanohardness and modulus. The results show that Ti-O films tend towards hydrophilia and its surface energy increased after alkali treatment, but no obvious effects to nanohardness and modulus of Ti-O films. Surface roughness of Ti-O films increases after alkali treatment firstly, but decreased with continuing to increasing the times of alkali treatment.
Preliminary Research on the Aerothermoelastic Behaviours of Sweptback Wing
Authors: Zhao Wei , Han Xiao Lin , Fei Qing Guo
Published: November 2011

Natural modes and flutter of the sweptback wing are analyzed at different temperatures. Natural frequencies are reduced as temperature increasing, the temperature gradient in the structure tend to reduce model stiffness due to changing in material properties and development of thermal stress, which degrade the structure stability. Results in this paper show that the 1st~4thorder natural frequencies of sweptback wing in this paper decrease by about 12.09%, 15.06%, 14.31% and 12.57%respectively from room temperature to 450°C.The flutter frequency and velocity are also reduced as the decreasing of natural frequency due to the elevating of temperature by aero-heating; and the flutter frequency and velocity decrease by about 12.42% and 16.69% respectively as the temperature elevating from normal up to 450°C at Ma=3.0.
Purification and Concentration of C-Phycocyanin from Spirulina platensis Using Aqueous Two-Phase System
Authors: Wang Wei Jie , Zhang Xiao Le , Xu Chang Bo , Cheng Hong Yan
Published: November 2011

In this article, the partitioning behavior of C-phycocyanin (C-PC) in aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) with different component was investigated to evaluate the applicability of ATPS for extracting high purity of C-PC without chromatography. Under the optimized conditions (pH = 6; PEG-2000, 16 %, w/w; potassium sodium tartrate 21 %, w/w), a maximum purity of 5.01 was achieved after the whole separation process and the yield of the C-PC was 76.94 %.
The Preparation and Evaluation of the Combined Artificial Bone
Authors: Mao Ke Ya , Zhou Fei Hu , Cui Fu Zai , Li Jiang Tao , Cheng Zi Shen , Li Peng , Wang Zheng , Mao Ke Zheng , Wang Yang
Published: November 2011

Every year, roughly two million patients worldwide sustain a bone grafting procedure to repair bone defects stemming from tumor, the wound, the infection, as well as other reasons [1, 2]. The bone transplantation is one of main methods to treat bone damages [3]. The gold standard is to use autologous bone or autograft [4]. However, both the need of the second surgery and morbidity at the extraction site [5-7] has been an incentive to search for alternative treatment. One of them is to form bone graft bone. Many materials have been widely chosen to form bone graft substitutes: metals, polymers, ceramics, dehydrate, and calcium phosphates [8-13]. Although these synthetic materials provide an immediate solution for many patients, their long-term performance is generally not satisfactory. This is often due to a mechanical property mismatch between the implant failure and tissue damage [14, 15]. The development of combined artificial bone with improved mechanical properties and enhanced biocompatibility calls for a biomimetic approach using natural bone as a guide.
Characterization of Dietary Fiber from Millet Brans
Authors: Liu Bei Yu , Peng Jia Ying , Zeng Xiao Man , Zheng Hong Yan , Zhong Geng
Published: November 2011

The dietary fibres (DFs) were obtained by enzymatic-chemical method from glutinous and normal millet brans from China, and their main components, neutral monosaccharide composition were analyzed. Some physicochemical properties of the two DFs were evaluated also, including the swelling capacity, water holding capacity (WHC), and oil holding capacity (OHC), et al. Data showed that the total dietary fiber content of glutinous millet bran (GMB) was 76.58g/100g, of which 69.09 g/100 g was insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) and 7.49g/100g was soluble dietary fiber (SDF), compared with normal millet bran (NMB), 73.18g/100g total dietary fiber, 65.55g/100g IDF and 7.63g/100g SDF, respectively. The DF extracted from the two raw materials both possess excellent properties, the SC values were 4.8mL/g and 4.61mL/g (37°C) for DFs of glutinous and normal samples, respectively. Also, both the two DFs exhibit obvious binding ability to the cholesterol at pH 7(GMB DF 8.14 mg/g, NMB DF 7.89mg/g).
Hawthorn - A Health Food
Authors: Han Jun Yan , Tan De Hong , Liu Guang Chun
Published: November 2011

The genus of Crataegus (hawthorn) is cultivated in many parts of the world. and regarded as medicinal plant in many countries. Hawthorn fruit is commonly used to cure scurvy, constipation and digestive disorders, Hawthorn flowers and leaves are often used against mild cardiac disorders. Modern studies found extracts of Hawthorn fruits, flowers and leaves possess a wide range of pharmacological properties, the pharmacological properties of Hawthorn are mostly related to the involved phenolic compounds including flavonoids. In this article, the active chemical properties and medicinal value of Hawthorn are reviewed.
Isolation and Physicochemical Properties of Hardleaf Oatchestnut (Castanopsis sclerophylla) Starch
Authors: Huang Xiao Qin , Tu Zong Cai , Zhang Xue Chun , Wang Hui , Xiao Hui , Zhang Qiu Ting , Mao Yuan Wen , Liu Yi Dong
Published: November 2011

Starch from hardleaf oatchestnut was isolated, and its chemical composition and physicochemical properties were determined and compared with those of corn or potato starch. The yield and purity of the starch were 386.5 g kg-1 and 912.6g kg-1, respectively, and the starch granules were in spherical and irregular shape ranging from 8μm to 18μm in diameter. It contained 275.4 g kg-1 amylose and had relatively low gelatinization temperature with 60.38°C, and moderate solubility as well as swelling power. The starch gel showed weak freeze-thaw stability with high syneresis of 20.5%, and high viscosity (667BU), hardness (75.06g) and gumminess (30.68g), therefore, making it potentially useful as thickening agent in sweets processing, baking industry and seasoning, but was not appropriate in frozen foods.
Predicting the Respiration Rate of Papaya (Carica papaya L.) Using Different Models
Authors: Hu Ching Ying , Liu Yong Jie , Hou Mei Ling , Wu Yu Mei , Wang Zhi Wei
Published: November 2011

The modellings of the respiration rate of papaya by using enzyme kinetics, chemical kinetics and artificial neural network (ANN) were developed respectively, and all the models were parameterized with experimental data obtained at temperatures of 8, 18 and 28 °C by the closed system method for comparison. The ANN model was thought to be the best after being evaluated by the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and the two-tailed Pearson correlation coefficientr. The study demonstrated that the ANN model and the chemical kinetic model can be applied to the prediction of papaya’s respiration rate.
Preparation, Partial Isolation of Antifreeze Peptides from Fish Gelatin with Hypothermia Protection Activity
Authors: Wang Shao Yun , Zhao Jun , Xu Zhi Bin , Wu Jin Hong
Published: November 2011

Antifreeze proteins have characteristics of inhibiting the growth of crystals, decreasing the injury of cells and can retain the structure, texture and quality of productions. The purpose of this study is to obtain natural antifreeze peptides, and to investigate the hypothermia protection activity on bacteria. Gelatin derived from shark skin was hydrolysed to obtain antifreeze peptides. The most appropriate protease and hydrolysis time was selected with the index of the hypothermia protection activity on bacteria. The hydrolysate was subsequently added on to Sephadex G-50 gel filtration column and SP-Sephadex C-25 column to acquire high activity fractions. The fraction of cationic peptides termed P2 shows higher antifreeze activity. The hypothermia protection assay shows that the survival rate of E.coli was 80.8 % when the concentration of peptides complexes was up to 500 μg/mL.
Study on the Antioxidation Activity of Peanut Antioxidant Peptide
Authors: Yu Li Na , Yang Qing Li , Sun Jie , Bi Jie , Zhang Chu Shu , Liu Shao Fang
Published: November 2011

Use peanut protein powder as the raw material, the five kinds of peanut antioxidant peptides (abbreviated as AP, FP, PP1, NP and PP2, respectively) were obtained through steps of Viscozyme pretreatment and Alcalase, Flavourzyme, Protamex, Neutral protease and Papain hydrolysis, respectively. Four types of antioxidation activities evaluation methods in vitro including scavenging of DPPH free radical, reducing power, iron ion chelation and anti-lipid peroxidation were presented to evaluate the antioxidation activities of peanut antioxidant peptides. The order of antioxidation activities of five antioxidant peptides was PP2>AP>FP>PP1>NP by comprehensive analysis of the antioxidation experimental results. The results indicated that the optimum proteolytic enzyme for preparing antioxidant peptide was papain. Among the five antioxidant peptides, PP2 had the most antioxidation activities of scavenging of DPPH free radical, reducing power, anti-lipid peroxidation. Therefore, the research and development of antioxidant peptide with the antioxidative function by using papain is an effective approach to further exploit peanut protein.
The Molecular Mechanism of Rosmarinic Acid Extending the Lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Wang Fang , Liu Qing Dai , Wang Lei , Zhang Qin , Hua Ze Tian
Published: November 2011

Rosmarinic acid, a polyphenol-containing hydroxy acid, is believed to have many activities, such as anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, immune regulation, anti-thrombosis generation, anti-baterial, anti-virus and anti-depressants. It is used commercially for food preservation. Here we report that rosmarinic acid extended the lifespan of the model organismCaenorhabditis elegans(C. elegans) under normal culture conditions (25°C) and under thermal stress (35°C).C. elegansdieted rosmarinic acid with final concentration 50mg / L and 100mg / L under two kind of conditions were shown to have extended lifespan compared to the control without rosmarinic acid uptake. Furthermore, the rosmarinic acid with final concentration 50mg/L had more obvious longevity-extending effect. The precise mechanism (s) responsible for this remains to be identified. To study the anti-senescence molecular mechanism of rosmarinic acid, semi-quantitative RT-PCR was used to analyze the expression of aging-associated genes such asdaf-16andheat shock protein 16.2(hsp-16.2). As a result, the expression of aging-associated genes was up-regulated. This study suggested that rosmarinic acid significantly extends the lifespan ofC. elegansthrough up-regulating some genes' expression such asdaf-16andhsp-16.2which will provide important reference for antiaging research of rosmarinic acid.
Dynamic Mechanism Research and Seismic Simulation Experimentation on Superconducting Busbar of the ITER
Authors: Wang Kai Song , Song Yun Tao
Published: November 2011

To study the dynamic mechanism on ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor) superconducting Busbar, the seismic response time-history analysis and seismic simulation experimentation had been done respectively. After choice of seismograms with seismic amplitude, spectrum, duration and ground conditions comprehensively, the structural response curves and response duration results of displacement, tensile stress, and reaction force under different directions actuating signals were obtained by using the time-history analysis. To test the accuracy of simulation analysis, the seismic simulation experimentation of the reduced experimental model of Busbar on the vibration table had been adopted with similitude ratios and conditions designing based-on the similarity theory. The accuracy of simulating analysis had been examined to satisfy the requirements of designed similitude ratios about displacement, acceleration and strain.
Abnormal Noise Diagnosis of Internal Combustion Engine Using Wavelet Spatial Correlation Filter and Symmetrized Dot Pattern
Authors: Yang Cheng , Feng Tao
Published: November 2011

In order to identify engine status correctly, a novel method of abnormal noise diagnosis of internal combustion engine based on the wavelet spatial correlation filter (WSCF) and symmetrized dot pattern (SDP) is proposed. Firstly, the gathered acoustic signals are processed by wavelet spatial correlation filter in order to improve the SNR (signal-to-noise ratio); then, the filtered signals are transformed into spatial polar coordinates through SDP method. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed methods are good classifiers and it can diagnose abnormal sound of engine accurately.
Aeroelastic Analysis of Supersonic Airfoil with Hysteretic Nonlinearities
Authors: Fang Ming Xia
Published: November 2011

Considering nonlinear aerodynamic forces and airfoil structure nonlinearity, aeroelasticity of supersonic airfoil was researched. Using the bifurcation diagram, phase diagram and Poincare map，effect of airfoil aeroelasticity by nonlinear aerodynamic forces and parameters of structural hysteresis was analyzed. Research shows that only consider nonlinear aerodynamic force, systematic motion tends to periodic and quasi- periodic LCO movement, and the vibration amplitude of plunge and pitch movement leap with Ma increasing .When taking into account the nonlinear aerodynamic force and structural nonlinearity, with the change of damping factor, the system will appear subcritical and supercritical flutter, and for the influence of nonlinear structure, movement leap of vibration amplitude does not occur. This means the choice of reasonable structure parameters will help to improve the aeroelastic characteristics of airfoil.
Module Partition and Evaluation Method of NC Spiral Bevel Gear Machine Tools
Authors: Han Zhi Guo , Hu Miao
Published: November 2011

The module partition of NC spiral bevel gear machine tools is researched in detail in this paper. The module partition method we used is based on the function analysis. First we establish the black-box model of machine tools, and then further broke down into the function structure chart, and then machine tool is divided into modules based on the chart. Finally, an evaluation module of reasonable degree of module partition is proposed by introducing the concept of information entropy.
NURBS Curve Design and CNC Machining Principle
Authors: Peng Bao Ying , Han Qiu Shi
Published: November 2011

Used fixed equal step cubic spline interpolation in non-circular machining, the influence of acceleration may be too strong to cause burns and vibration. To suppress the acceleration influence of feed axis, take cam grinding as an illustration, first derived acceleration and its change from the cubic spline function, then adopting the method of off-line fuzzy model logical reasoning combined with five points of three power smooth, obtained the modified variable interpolation time steps. The experiment results that the feed axis acceleration stability used fuzzy step cubic spline interpolations is much better than equal step spline in cam grinding under the same processing efficiency.
Pneumatic Mechanism of Gas Cooled or Heated Through a Throttle Orifice
Authors: Yin Yao Bao , Li Ling
Published: November 2011

The mechanism of gas cooled or heated through a pneumatic throttle orifice is analyzed. Supposing the total energy of the gas is constant, if the force between the molecules does positive energy, it makes gas heated; if it does negative energy, it makes gas cooled. The conversion temperature of gas is an evaluation parameter for repulsive or attractive force. It has utilized Joule-Thomson coefficient and real gas equation of state to obtain the characteristics of conversion temperature, and the relationships between the molecules distance and the phenomenon of gas cooled or heated after throttle at normal temperature by the conversion characteristics are achieved. The experimental results agreed well with the theoretical results.
Processing Parameters Optimization Based on PSO Algorithm
Authors: Wu Rong Zong , Liu Qing Jian , Shao Ming Kun , Wang Run
Published: November 2011

Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is classified into swarm intelligence algorithm. Focusing on the NC processing parameters optimization, this paper has made several improvements on PSO: dividing solutions into feasible and infeasible, then shrinking the infeasible solutions; dividing feasible solutions into inferior and non-inferior, then choosing the non-inferior solution with most domination solutions as the global best position for inferior solutions. It has shown a significant achievement in actual processing.
One-Dimensional Bi-Stage Phononic Band Gap Shaft Structure for Reducing Torsional Vibration
Authors: Li Li Xia , Chen Tian Ning , Wang Xiao Peng , Li Bo
Published: November 2011

In this paper, a one-dimensional bi-stage phononic band gap (PBG) structure based on double local resonant effects is presented to reduce the torsional vibration for the first time. A unit cell of the bi-stage PBG structure is composed of two harmonic LR oscillators in the radial direction, distributed periodically along the shaft. A new method, combining the transfer matrix method and the lumped-mass method is proposed to study the torsional vibration band gaps of the double PBG-like shaft theoretically and proved by the finite element method. The results show that the mid-gap frequency of the bi-stage PBG structure shaft is lower than that in the one-stage PBG shaft and the relative width of the band gaps reaches 1.3 with the average attenuation of the vibration amplitude about 40dB.
Vehicle Frame Fatigue Life Prediction Based on Finite Element and Multi-Body Dynamic
Authors: Zhu Si Hong , Xiao Zhi Jin , Li Xiao Yan
Published: November 2011

To accurately predict the fatigue life of vehicle frame, MBS and FEM were integrated. A full multi-body dynamic model was established first, according to the spectrum of road surface which simulate the china’s pavement condition, loading history at 11 critical positions was calculated. Then the stresses influence coefficient was calculated in finite element model which establish in ANSYS. At the same time, according to the frame material’s S-N curve and character of the frame, the frame’s S-N curve was received. Finally, based quasi-static stress analysis, the frame structure’s fatigue life was predicted by using MSC-FATIGUE. The fatigue analysis results were reasonable and could be the foundation for the research about lightening the structure of the frame.
Principle and Application of Free Resonance Vibration Isolation Based on Dry Friction Damper
Authors: Yu Hui Jie , Yan Xiao Long
Published: November 2011

This paper deals with the analysis of a single degree of freedom vibration isolation system with dry friction damper. Based on the analysis of classical vibration isolation transmission ratio, the conditions of free resonance are found. Regard to the character of vibration isolation system on critical frequency of vibration isolation and resonance, the transmission ratio formula of vibration isolation with friction force under full frequency range is educed which provided the rounded theory principle for free resonance vibration isolation. The vibration isolation system is designed which can realize the non-amplification in low frequency range and better vibration isolation effect in high frequency. Lately, the correctness of the principle is verified by the actual experiment.
Effect of Ammonium and Nitrate Ratio on Nutritional Quality of Flowering Chinese Cabbage
Authors: Song Shi Wei , Yi Ling Yan , Liu Hou Cheng , Sun Guang Wen , Chen Ri Yuan
Published: November 2011

Effect of ammonium and nitrate ratios (0:100, 25:75, 50:50 and 75:25) on nutritional quality of flowering Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis var. utilis Tsen et Lee) with 3 cultivars were studied in hydroponics. The results indicated that, with the increasing of ammonium proportion in nutrient solution, the soluble sugar content in product organ of flowering Chinese cabbage increased gradually, but Vc content decreased gradually. Enhancement of ammonium by 25% or 50% in nutrient solution increased the soluble protein content in leaf significantly, while it increased gradually in stalk with the increasing of ammonium proportion. Free amino acids in product organ of flowering Chinese cabbage were improved significantly by enhancement of ammonium in nutrient solution. Integrated nutritional quality of flowering Chinese cabbage in 25% ammonium enhancement treatment was better than others under hydroponics condition.
Al Doped LiMn2O4 Prepared by a Solution Combustion Synthesis Using Acetate Salts as Raw Materials and Acetic Acid as Fuel
Authors: Liu Gui Yang , Guo Jun Ming , Zhang Li Li , Wang Bao Sen , He Ying
Published: November 2011

To improve the cyclability of spinel LiMn2O4, Al3+doped LiAlxMn2−xO4(x=0, 0.01, 0.05 and 0.10) materials are prepared using a solution combustion synthesis method using acetic salts as raw materials and acetic acid as fuel. Their phase structures are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Electrochemical performances of the materials are investigated by galvanostatic charge/discharge methods. XRD results reveal that the purity of the samples increases with increasing Al3+content. Electrochemical experiments demonstrate that the charge/discharge cyclability of the LiAlxMn2-xO4increases with increasing Al3+content. Compared with the pristine LiMn2O4, the Al-doped LiAlxMn1−xO4show the obviously improved cyclability, especially for the sample LiAl0.1Mn1.9O4.
Simulation and Analysis of Optimization Process Parameters for Multi-Cavity Injection Molding Parts Warpage by Genetic Algorithm Method
Authors: Chen Wen Jong
Published: November 2011

This study presents the warpage analysis for products through the combination of the genetic algorithm (GA) method and finite element method (FEM) in multi-cavity injection molding parts; it simulated and analyzed the warpage through controlling the conditions of various parameters in primary processes – filling, packing, and cooling. After 50 iterations of calculations. These results demonstrate that the maximum warpage of the products was 0.5052 mm for multi-cavity injection molding parts. In comparison with the orthogonal array, the maximum warpage could be reduced by approximately 7.24%. It is shown that the GA method can obtain the optimum process conditions for warpage deformation in multi-cavity injection molding parts.
Comparative Evaluation of Conventional Infiltration Models under Tropical Rainforest (TRF) Conditions in South Western Nigeria
Authors: Ehigiator O.A.
Published: November 2011

Three commonly used expressions for modeling soil-water infiltration were evaluated for a tropical rainforest watershed in southwestern Nigeria under conditions of old, highly weathered soils and high rainfall intensities. The evaluation focused on the suitability of the expressions in assessing the decrease in infiltration opportunities that usually accompany deforestation. The equations were fitted into data spanning nine years obtained from infiltrometer experiments of the type where infiltration and runoff are generated onsite in response to single rainfall intensity without allowing for any modification due to inflow. The analysis revealed that soil-water infiltration into these tropical alfisols is better described by the Kostiakov’s model. Effects of duration of cultivation for different years following deforestation of the secondary vegetation were highlighted.
Residual Stress Prediction in Welds via the Barkhausen Noise Technique
Authors: Sapountzi Kalliroi
Published: November 2011

Aim of this study was to evaluate the use of the Barkhausen Noise as a mean to detect the residual stresses developed in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of mild steel welds.
Study of the Repetitive Stressing of the Ancient Iron T-CLAMS of Epikourios Apollon Temple
Authors: Dasargyri Georgia
Published: November 2011

This research targets to localize the most stressed areas of the iron T-clamps of Epikourios Apollon temple (420 B.C.) during their production. This research aiming to localize their stress uses the method of counting the Barkhausen noise (BHN).
Non-Destructive Testing of Mechanical Properties of Magnetic Materials Using Barkhausen Noise and B-H Loop Techniques
Authors: Skafidas Panagiotis
Published: November 2011

A magnetic-based nondestructive evaluation (NDE) method, which employs Barkhausen effect and measurement of hysteresis loops, is developed and used to correlate the magnetic and mechanical properties. The NDE test equipment offers the capability to detect small deviations from linearity that occur in the stress-strain curve.
Investigating the Impact of Research and Development Strategy on Firm Performance
Authors: Trivellas Panagiotis
Published: November 2011

This paper examines the influence of Research and Development (R&D) strategy on firm performance controlling for external environment. In this turbulent era, several firms build their competitive advantage on their innovation competence investing on R&D. Drawing upon a sample of 248 firms located in Greece, a structured questionnaire was developed to measure R&D strategy, external environment (dynamism, complexity, munificence, technological) and firm performance (financial, market, innovation, growth and organizational). The importance of R&D strategy in explaining the variance of all performance dimensions is confirmed with innovation performance playing a dominant role. Results indicate that R&D strategy is the most crucial antecedent of firm performance, controlling for business environment. Among environmental dimensions, only dynamism exerts statistical significant relationships. Regarding organizational size, larger firms possess a competitive advantage in the market, enjoying dominant market shares, while smaller firms exhibit supremacy regarding their innovative behavior.
A Study of the Optimal Composition of the Bath Used for the Electrodeposition of Invar Alloy Thin Films
Authors: Medouer Hadria , Daamouche Mosbah , Guittoum Abderrahim , Messaadi Saci , Karagianni Stefania Haido
Published: November 2011

Ni-Fe alloys ranging in composition of Fe rich invar (Ni100-xFeX, where x ~ 64), have a variety of high technology applications due to their wide spectrum of physical properties. In this paper, the effects of the applied potential (-1.20V, -1.35V) and the bath composition (0.1M, 0.01M) of the Ni-Fe alloy thin films are studied. Ni100-xFeX layers were electrodeposited onto Copper substrates with a pH of about 2.5. The experiments were performed at room temperature and the deposition time was equal to 10mn for all deposited samples. The experiments were performed using electrochemical techniques, by means of cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry (CA). The morphology and elemental composition of the deposited films were studied by means of electron microscopy coupled to EDS analysis.