bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Dilemma of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR); Case Study of PT. Inco
Authors: Sofjan Noorwahid
Published: March 2021

Since the CSR discourse has been widely discussed, the debate about the concept of CSR as an expression of moral responsibility and sensitivity to the social and environmental world has received resistance from some circles. The reason is that some people are trying to avoid CSR obligations. This paper talks about how the discourse and thinking about CSR struggles. Is CSR a voluntary activity for the company or is it an obligation (mandatory)? Then the authors describe the Indonesian context of CSR. And before the conclusion, the author tries to describe a case example of a CSR program run by a company in Indonesia and tries to analyze it from a human security perspective. As a result, from a human security perspective, the concept of CSR in Indonesia is still a problem. The cause, scholars are still trapped in efforts to formulate a detailed definition of CSR. As a result, practically the CSR program has not been seen as a humanitarian program. And it is still limited to a technical matter of fulfilling the company's procedural obligations.
Interaksi Aktor Institusi Formal dan Informal (Studi Kasus: Tim 11 dalam Pemerintahan Kutai Kartanegara)
Authors: Afriandi Fadli , Putri Charin Rizky Octa , Ariyadi Fachriza
Published: March 2021

Tulisan ini menganalisis asal mula hadir dan bekerjanya kelompok informal (Tim 11) dalam lembaga pemerintahan formal di Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara. Awal hadirnya Tim 11 ini berperan sebagai tim ahli dari Syaukani Hasan Rais. Namun setelah pemilihan kepala daerah yang dimenangkan oleh Rita Widyasari, Tim 11 justru berubah menjadi patron di tubuh pemerintahan Kutai Kartanegara. Tesis utama tulisan ini adalah hadirnya Tim 11 telah mencederai peran dan fungsi pemerintah Kutai Kartanegara selaku institusi formal. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan Teknik pengumpulan data dengan wawancara dan dokumen. Teori yang digunakan adalah analisis sistem politik yang dikemukakan oleh David A. Easton dan diperkuat dengan teori patron-klien. Temuan dari tulisan ini adalah Tim 11 hadir karena bentukan dari bupati sebelumnya yaitu Syaukani HR karena adanya relasi patron dan klien di antara keduanya. Relasi yang ini justru berubah setelah Rita Widyasari menjadi bupati Kutai Kartanegara pada tahun 2010. Tim 11 yang pada awalnya berperan sebagai klien, setelah lengsernya Syaukani HR, bergeser sebagai patron yang memiliki kekuasaan lebih besar dibandingkan Rita Widyasari selaku bupati terpilih Kutai Kartanegara.
Nachklänge. Instrumente der griechischen Klassik und ihre Musik - Musikbeispiel 1
Authors: Monteventi Vanessa
Published: March 2021

Diese Studie bietet eine umfassende Übersicht über die klassische griechische Musik. Dass hier ein begabter Musiker seine praktischen Erfahrungen und Annäherungen an die verlorenen Klänge altgriechischer Musik mit soliden philologischen und archäologischen Analysen zu einem Ganzen komplettiert, macht die Dichte und Fülle dieser Darstellung aus. Entstanden ist ein Buch mit einer Vielzahl von Abbildungen sowie Musikbeispielen, das konsequenter und weiter ins Thema eindringt, als es bislang in der Musikarchäologie der Fall war.
Nachklänge. Instrumente der griechischen Klassik und ihre Musik - Musikbeispiel 2
Authors: Monteventi Vanessa
Published: March 2021

Diese Studie bietet eine umfassende Übersicht über die klassische griechische Musik. Dass hier ein begabter Musiker seine praktischen Erfahrungen und Annäherungen an die verlorenen Klänge altgriechischer Musik mit soliden philologischen und archäologischen Analysen zu einem Ganzen komplettiert, macht die Dichte und Fülle dieser Darstellung aus. Entstanden ist ein Buch mit einer Vielzahl von Abbildungen sowie Musikbeispielen, das konsequenter und weiter ins Thema eindringt, als es bislang in der Musikarchäologie der Fall war.
Nachklänge. Instrumente der griechischen Klassik und ihre Musik - Musikbeispiel 4
Authors: Monteventi Vanessa
Published: March 2021

Diese Studie bietet eine umfassende Übersicht über die klassische griechische Musik. Dass hier ein begabter Musiker seine praktischen Erfahrungen und Annäherungen an die verlorenen Klänge altgriechischer Musik mit soliden philologischen und archäologischen Analysen zu einem Ganzen komplettiert, macht die Dichte und Fülle dieser Darstellung aus. Entstanden ist ein Buch mit einer Vielzahl von Abbildungen sowie Musikbeispielen, das konsequenter und weiter ins Thema eindringt, als es bislang in der Musikarchäologie der Fall war.
Nachklänge. Instrumente der griechischen Klassik und ihre Musik - Musikbeispiel 5
Authors: Monteventi Vanessa
Published: March 2021

Diese Studie bietet eine umfassende Übersicht über die klassische griechische Musik. Dass hier ein begabter Musiker seine praktischen Erfahrungen und Annäherungen an die verlorenen Klänge altgriechischer Musik mit soliden philologischen und archäologischen Analysen zu einem Ganzen komplettiert, macht die Dichte und Fülle dieser Darstellung aus. Entstanden ist ein Buch mit einer Vielzahl von Abbildungen sowie Musikbeispielen, das konsequenter und weiter ins Thema eindringt, als es bislang in der Musikarchäologie der Fall war.
Nachklänge. Instrumente der griechischen Klassik und ihre Musik - Musikbeispiel 6
Authors: Monteventi Vanessa
Published: March 2021

Diese Studie bietet eine umfassende Übersicht über die klassische griechische Musik. Dass hier ein begabter Musiker seine praktischen Erfahrungen und Annäherungen an die verlorenen Klänge altgriechischer Musik mit soliden philologischen und archäologischen Analysen zu einem Ganzen komplettiert, macht die Dichte und Fülle dieser Darstellung aus. Entstanden ist ein Buch mit einer Vielzahl von Abbildungen sowie Musikbeispielen, das konsequenter und weiter ins Thema eindringt, als es bislang in der Musikarchäologie der Fall war.
Nachklänge. Instrumente der griechischen Klassik und ihre Musik - Musikbeispiel 11
Authors: Monteventi Vanessa
Published: March 2021

Diese Studie bietet eine umfassende Übersicht über die klassische griechische Musik. Dass hier ein begabter Musiker seine praktischen Erfahrungen und Annäherungen an die verlorenen Klänge altgriechischer Musik mit soliden philologischen und archäologischen Analysen zu einem Ganzen komplettiert, macht die Dichte und Fülle dieser Darstellung aus. Entstanden ist ein Buch mit einer Vielzahl von Abbildungen sowie Musikbeispielen, das konsequenter und weiter ins Thema eindringt, als es bislang in der Musikarchäologie der Fall war.
Nachklänge. Instrumente der griechischen Klassik und ihre Musik - Musikbeispiel 17
Authors: Monteventi Vanessa
Published: March 2021

Diese Studie bietet eine umfassende Übersicht über die klassische griechische Musik. Dass hier ein begabter Musiker seine praktischen Erfahrungen und Annäherungen an die verlorenen Klänge altgriechischer Musik mit soliden philologischen und archäologischen Analysen zu einem Ganzen komplettiert, macht die Dichte und Fülle dieser Darstellung aus. Entstanden ist ein Buch mit einer Vielzahl von Abbildungen sowie Musikbeispielen, das konsequenter und weiter ins Thema eindringt, als es bislang in der Musikarchäologie der Fall war.
The problems with liberal consensus. Agonistic politics according to Chantal Mouffe
Authors: Szklarska Anna
Published: March 2021

This article is a critical analysis of the most important assumptions of Chantal Mouffe’s political philosophy, along with its original categories such as agonism, radical democracy and hegemony. The sources of her concept are indicated and certain difficulties that the author falls into are distinguished. The thread that is considered central to this philosophy, with the most profound practical consequences, is an attempt to demonstrate the futility of a liberal doctrine that values consensus and deliberation and proclaims an apology for individualism and rationalism. Mouffe’s diagnosis strikes at the most important liberal values with the intention of discrediting them although she tries to creatively adopt others, such as pluralism. She proposes a new paradigm, much fairer than existing ones, because it does not negate the conflictive nature of politics. Does an agonist dispute and radical democracy really have a chance to undermine liberal axiology? Are we dealing with a breakthrough in thinking about politics?
Incluir el estudio de la página del SAT como asignatura optativa.
Authors: Medina Corona José de Jesús , Cervantes Rosales José Ruperto , Méndez Bañuelos José Antonio
Published: March 2021

El presente trabajo analiza el sistema que tiene el alumno al ingresar y concluir sus estudios en contaduría pública, de igual manera aporta propuestas para mejorar el programa de estudios de la Facultad de Contaduría Pública de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP) que cabe recalcar que aun cuando su programa de estudios es sistematizado y organizado, también puede ser innovador. Se busca incorporar al programa de estudios una visión innovadora no sólo ver temas como contabilidad o administración si no también analizar el nuevo sistema del Servicio de Administración Tributaria (SAT), que actualmente es con lo que se va a encontrar allá afuera. El marco teórico conceptual integra planteamientos como son: educación, capacidad, programas de estudios y mercado laboral. Considerando una estrategia metodológica cualitativa, para analizar conceptos teóricos y contrastarlos con la información obtenida en el trabajo de campo (simulador página SAT) y así innovar con el programa de estudios para lograr mayor éxito en el mercado laboral. Los resultados muestran de manera particular que los alumnos están interesados en llevar una asignatura que maneje el sistema del SAT y dar propuestas para mejorar este.
El salario base de cotización y sus implicaciones en el pago de las prestaciones en dinero del seguro de riesgo de trabajo.
Authors: Tapia Lara Edgar , Sánchez Ruanova Salvador , Ordoñez Sanchez Sergio Gabriel , Lazacano Bonilla Alma
Published: March 2021

El Salario Base Cotización juega un papel fundamental para la determinación de las Cuotas Obreras Patronales, siendo esta la razón por la que los patrones en la búsqueda de disminuir su carga tributaria en materia de aportaciones de seguridad social, utilizan para el pago de sus empleados conceptos excluyentes para la determinación del salario base de cotización, con fundamento en el artículo 27 de Ley de la ley del seguro social, lo anterior se encuentra dentro de la legalidad si se cumplen los requisitos establecidos en dicho artículo, para el pago de cada prestación que se otorgue al trabajador, sin embargo, esta situación provoca una disminución directa en el monto pagado a los trabajadores respecto a las prestaciones en dinero que otorga el seguro de riesgos de trabajo del régimen obligatorio, ya que son calculadas sobre el salario base de cotización que estuviese cotizando el trabajador al momento de sufrir el riesgo de trabajo. Razón por la cual surge esta investigación, teniendo objeto identificar, cuantificar y medir las implicaciones que tiene el Salario Base de Cotización al momento del pago de las prestaciones en dinero del seguro de riesgos de trabajo, al considerarse como base para el pago de las cuotas obrero-patronales y para el pago de las prestaciones en dinero del seguro de riesgos de trabajo.
BÖYÜK VERİLƏNLƏRİN SAXLANILMA PROBLEMLƏRİ VƏ MÖVCUD HƏLLƏR
Authors:   AMEA İnformasiya Texnologiyaları İnstitutu, Hacırəhimova Məkrufə , İsmayılova Mərziyə ,   AMEA İnformasiya Texnologiyaları İnstitutu
Published: March 2021

Məqalə böyük verilənlərin saxlanılma problemlərinin və mövcud həllərin analizinə həsr olunmuşdur. Verilənlərin saxlanması və emalı problemi hər zaman movcud olmuşdur. İnformasiya-kommunikasiya texnologiyaları vasitəsilə yaradılan böyük həcmli verilənlər bu gün saxlama problemini bir daha gündəmə gətirmişdir. Məqalədə verilənlərin mövcud saxlanma sistemləri müqayisəli şəkildə araşdırılmış, böyük verilənlərin saxlanılma problemləri və mövcud yanaşmaları analiz edilmişdir.
In Vitro Shoot Induction of Musa acuminata cv. Mas Kirana
Authors: Annisa Raden Roro Rifka , Setiaji Arkan , Sasongko Aries Bagus
Published: March 2021

Abstract: The availability of �mother plants� used for source of explants is one of the most important limitations for the development of in vitro culture in new banana cultivar�s. To increase produce large quantities of uniform and healthy seedlings, induction of multiplication has been carried out on Musa acuminata cv. Mas Kirana. Plant regeneration were obtained by culturing sucker on MS medium supplemented with PGRs BAP and NAA (1 mg/l + 0.5 mg/l, 2 mg/l + 0.5 mg/l, and 3 mg/l + 0.5 mg/l) and TDZ (0.25 mg/l, 0.5 mg/l, and 0.75 mg/l). The highest shoot formation was found in 0.25 mg/l TDZ with average shoots of 13.67 � 3.16 and primary shoot height is 20 cm. TDZ induction tends to form somatic embryos, while induction of BAP and NAA leads to organogenesis. The rate of contaminants occurrence from bacteria is 87.50% and 12.50% from fungus. In histological observation, TDZ, BAP, and NAA affect the development of many new meristematic zones seen in the scalps.
CRISES, DISPUTAS E RESISTÊNCIAS: OS TERRITÓRIOS TRADICIONAIS DAS COMUNIDADES PESQUEIRAS E QUILOMBOLAS DA ILHA DE MARÉ – BA
Authors: Rios Kassia Aguiar Norberto
Published: March 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar uma análise do cenário de crises, disputas e resistências que envolve as comunidades tradicionais pesqueiras e quilombolas da Ilha de Maré, Salvador – Bahia. Uma das temáticas que tem ganhado relevante destaque, nas últimas décadas, refere-se às inúmeras disputas e conflitos territoriais que as comunidades tradicionais pesqueiras têm vivenciado nos seus territórios. No estado da Bahia esse cenário envolve cerca de 600 comunidades e mais de 100 mil famílias, dentre as quais destacamos aquelas situadas na Ilha de Maré, localizada na Baía de Todos os Santos (BTS). Possuidoras de um amplo conhecimento sobre as águas, os manguezais e os pescados da BTS, a relação de apropriação desenvolvida por essas comunidades com a natureza é caracterizada por extremos laços de identidade, pertencimento e, principalmente, respeito, onde são desenvolvidos valores simbólicos e materiais que asseguram o seu modo de vida e configuram suas territorialidades. Territorialidades que têm sido intensamente ameaçadas e, em alguns casos, destruídas, pelo modelo de desenvolvimento historicamente empregado no local. Observa-se que os espaços que eram de uso das comunidades, aos poucos, foram sendo ocupados, delimitados e controlados por novas e distintas atividades (aquícola, portuária, metalúrgica, petroquímica, turística etc.), originando inúmeras crises sociais, econômicas, ambientais, além das disputas territoriais. Para o desenvolvimento da análise, recorremos metodologicamente às técnicas da pesquisa participante com a utilização dos seguintes instrumentos: levantamento bibliográfico, documental e, principalmente, de campo, com a realização de reuniões, participação em audiências públicas, oficinas de geografia e cartografia, mapeamento e georreferenciamento dos territórios em disputa.

 
Toplumun Faizli Krediye Dair Değişen Algısı Hakkında Bir Mülakat Çalışması
Authors: Ceylan Mustafa
Published: March 2021

Faiz, en bilinen tabiri ile kiralanan paranın kira bedeli anlamındadır. İslam iktisadı, Bakara Suresi’nin 275 ayeti kerimesinde de bildirildiği üzere ticaretin helal, faizin (ribâ) haram kılınması düsturu ile hareket etmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, yukarıda bahsedilen faizin haramlığı düsturu da temel alınarak, günümüz kapitalist sisteminde kilit rol oynayan faizin, bireylerin bakış açılarında nasıl bir yer edindiğini araştırmak için yapılmıştır. İslam iktisadının ilkelerini yerine getirmeye çalışılarak oluşturulan kurumların, toplum tarafından nasıl değerlendirildiği de öğrenilmiş olunacaktır. Çalışma boyunca nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Nitel araştırmada veri toplamak için mülakat yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. Mülakata katılan kişi sayısı 23 kişi olarak belirlenmiştir. Temel bulgulara göre, mülakatlara katılan bireylerin çoğu çevreden borç istemeden bankalara gitmektedir. Toplumsal ilişkilerin, maddi konularda yeterince kapsayıcı olmadığı göze çarpmaktadır. Bununla birlikte bireyler kendi yuvalarını kurmak için yuvadan ayrıldıkları zaman kendi ailelerine karşı “el(yabancı)” statüsüne geçmektedirler. Araştırmamız için görüştüğümüz bireylerden, ihtiyacı olan maddi miktarı bulmanın yollarından biri olan alternatif kurumları bilen birey sayısının az olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Tekrar faizli kredi çekmeyi düşünen bireylerin bu kararlarındaki en önemli etken “hayallerini ertelememek üzerine kurulu bir dünya görüşüne” sahip olmalarıdır.
Time-shift attack in practical quantum cryptosystems
Authors: Qi B. , Fung C.-H. F. , Lo H.-K. , Ma F.-X.
Published: March 2021

Recently, a new type of attack, which exploits the efficiency mismatch of two single photon detectors (SPD) in a quantum key distribution (QKD) system, has been proposed. In this paper, we propose another ``time-shift'' attack that exploits the same imperfection. In our attack, Eve shifts the arrival time of either the signal pulse or the synchronization pulse or both between Alice and Bob. In particular, in a QKD system where Bob employs time-multiplexing technique to detect both bit "0'' and bit "1'' with the same SPD, Eve, in some circumstances, could acquire full information on the final key without introducing any error. In addition, we prove that if Alice and Bob are unaware of our attack, the final key they share is insecure. We emphasize that our attack is simple and feasible with current technology. Finally, we discuss some counter measures against our and earlier attacks.
Quantum walks on directed graphs
Authors: Montanaro A.
Published: March 2021

We consider the definition of quantum walks on directed graphs. Call a directed graph reversible if, for each pair of vertices $(v_i, v_j)$, if $v_i$ is connected to $v_j$ then there is a path from $v_j$ to $v_i$. We show that reversibility is a necessary and sufficient condition for a directed graph to allow the notion of a discrete-time quantum walk, and discuss some implications of this condition. We present a method for defining a "partially quantum'' walk on directed graphs that are not reversible.
Multiplayer quantum minority game with decoherence
Authors: Flitney A.P. , Hollenberg L.L.C.
Published: March 2021

A quantum version of the Minority game for an arbitrary number of agents is considered. It is known that when the number of agents is odd, quantizing the game produces no advantage to the players, but for an even number of agents new Nash equilibria appear that have no classical analogue and have improved payoffs. We study the effect on the Nash equilibrium payoff of various forms of decoherence. As the number of players increases the multipartite GHZ state becomes increasingly fragile, as indicated by the smaller error probability required to reduce the Nash equilibrium payoff to the classical level.
Convex hulls of varieties and entanglement measures based on the roof construction
Authors: Osborne T.J.
Published: March 2021

In this paper we study the problem of calculating the convex hull of certain affine algebraic varieties. As we explain, the motivation for considering this problem is that certain pure-state measures of quantum entanglement, which we call \emph{polynomial entanglement measures}, can be represented as affine algebraic varieties. We consider the evaluation of certain mixed-state extensions of these polynomial entanglement measures, namely \emph{convex and concave roofs}. We show that the evaluation of a roof-based mixed-state extension is equivalent to calculating a hyperplane which is multiply tangent to the variety in a number of places equal to the number of terms in an optimal decomposition for the measure. In this way we provide an \emph{implicit} representation of optimal decompositions for mixed-state entanglement measures based on the roof construction.
Noise threshold for a fault-tolerant two-dimensional lattice architecture
Authors: Svore K.M. , DiVincenzo D.P. , Terhal B.M.
Published: March 2021

We consider a model of quantum computation in which the set of operations is limited to nearest-neighbor interactions on a 2D lattice. We model movement of qubits with noisy \SWAP\ operations. For this architecture we design a fault-tolerant coding scheme using the concatenated $[[7,1,3]]$ Steane code. Our scheme is potentially applicable to ion-trap and solid-state quantum technologies. We calculate a lower bound on the noise threshold for our local model using a detailed failure probability analysis. We obtain a threshold of $1.85 \times 10^{-5}$ for the local setting, where memory error rates are one-tenth of the failure rates of gates, measurement, and preparation steps. For the analogous nonlocal setting, we obtain a noise threshold of $3.61 \times 10^{-5}$. Our results thus show that the additional \SWAP\ operations required to move qubits in the local model affect the noise threshold only moderately.
pH-Rate Profile for Hydrolysis of 4-Nitrophenyl β-D-Glucopyranoside: Unimolecular, Bimolecular and Intramolecular Cleavage Mechanisms
Authors: Alhifthi Amani , Williams Spencer
Published: March 2021

1,2-trans-Glycosides hydrolyze through different mechanisms at different pH values, but systematic studies are lacking. Here we report the pH-rate constant profile for the hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl β-D-glucoside. An inverse kinetic isotope effect of k(H3O+)/k(D3O+ = 0.65 in the acidic region indicates that the mechanism requires the formation of the conjugate acid of the substrate for the reaction to proceed, with heterolytic cleavage of the glycosidic C-O bond. Reactions in the pH-independent region exhibit general catalysis with a single proton in flight, a normal solvent isotope effect of kH/kD = 1.5, and when extrapolated to zero buffer concentration show a small solvent isotope effect k(H2O)/k(D2O) = 1.1, consistent with water attack through a dissociative mechanism. In the basic region, solvolysis in 18O-labelled water and H2O/MeOH mixtures allowed detection of bimolecular hydrolysis and neighboring group participation, with a minor contribution of nucleophilic aromatic substitution. Under mildly basic conditions, a bimolecular concerted mechanism is implicated through an inverse solvent isotope effect of k(HO–)/k(DO–) = 0.5 and a strongly negative entropy of activation (DS‡ = –13.6 cal mol–1 K–1). Finally, at high pH, an inverse solvent isotope effect of k(HO–)/k(DO–) = 0.6 indicates that the formation of 1,2-anhydrosugar is the rate determining step.
Programmed multiple C–H bond functionalisation of the privileged 4-hydroxyquinoline template
Authors: Ronzon Quentin , Zhang Wei , Casaretto Nicolas , Mouray Elizabeth , Florent Isabelle , Nay Bastien
Published: March 2021

The introduction of substituents on bare heterocyclic scaffolds can selectively be achieved by directed C–H functionalisation. However, such methods have only occasionally been used, in an iterative manner, to decorate various positions of a medicinal scaffold to build chemical libraries. We herein report the multiple, site selective, metal-catalyzed C–H functionalisation of a "programmed" 4-hydroxyquinoline. This medicinally privileged template indeed possesses multiple reactive sites for diversity-oriented functionalisation, of which four were targeted. The C-2 and C-8 decorations were directed by an N-oxide, before taking benefit of an O-carbamoyl protection at C-4 to perform a Fries rearrangement and install a carboxamide at C-3. This also released the carbonyl group of 4-quinolones, the ultimate directing group to functionalise position 5. Our study highlights the power of multiple C–H functionalisation to generate diversity in a biologically relevant library, after showing its strong antimalarial potential.
A Molecular Dynamics Study on the Miscibility and Morphology of Polyester Blends used in Coil Coatings
Authors: Wearon Matthew , Howlin Brendan , Lowe Chris , Abel Marie Laure , Watts John
Published: March 2021

Computational simulations can be used to save on both time and costs, complementing experimental work and providing further guidance. Immiscible polymer blends induce phase segregation, and in some cases can produce useful multicoat systems. This works uses a range of Molecular Dynamics Simulations methods, including an extended Flory Huggins Interaction Parameter χ to initially probe the interactions and miscibility between ester monomers commonly used in coil coatings. This work indicates that blends with similar backbone structures or “like with like” show increased miscibility and those with different structures lead to a large χ value and immiscibility. Further to this, polyester blends with different backbone structures have then been coarse grained with MARTINI beads and simulations of 10 µs have been run to identify the morphology of the blends at the mesoscopic level. Finally, the melamine crosslinker commonly used in polyester formulations has previously been shown to form agglomerates at higher melamine content, these agglomerates have been shown in atomistic simulations.
Utilization of By-Product of Alumina Extraction from Fly Ash as Silicate Fertilizer
Authors: Luo Yang , Wu Yinghong
Published: March 2021

Calcium silicate hydrate is proposed as a potential silicate fertilizer. It is the main phase of the by-product of a mild hydrochemical process used to extract alumina from coal fly ash. Its preparation by decomposing sodium calcium silicate hydrate, the residue after extracting alumina from coal fly ash, was investigated. The results revealed that the intermediate of the sodium calcium silicate hydrate was easily decomposed into calcium silicate hydrate in a dilute alkaline solution and an available silica content of 28.57% was obtained under the decomposition conditions of a 30 g/L Na2O solution, a liquid-volume to solid-mass ratio of 25, a reaction temperature of 150 °C and a reaction time of 4 h, with a stirring speed of 600 rpm. Subsequently, Si uptake experiments were conducted on wheat seedlings by hydroponics to test Si’s effects on their growth. The results proved that the Si concentration in the wheat seedling shoots was greatly enhanced from 1.213 mg/g to 3.983 mg/g when 0.02 g of calcium silicate hydrate was distributed in the pot in which 3.87 g of seeds were cultivated.
Increased Antibacterial Properties of Indoline-Derived Phenolic Mannich Bases
Authors: Rimpilainen Tatu , Nunes Alexandra , Calado Rita , Fernandes Ana , Andrade Joana , Ngolle Epole , Spengler Gabriella , Szemeredi Nikoletta , Rodrigues João , Gomes João Paulo , Rijo Patricia , Candeias Nuno
Published: March 2021

The search for antibacterial agents for the combat of nosocomial infections is a timely problem, as antibiotic-resistant bacteria continue to thrive. The effect of indoline substituents on the antibacterial properties of aminoalkylphenols was studied, leading to the development of a library of compounds with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) as low as 1.18 µM. Two novel aminoalkylphenols were identified as particularly promising, after MIC and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) determination against a panel of reference strain Gram-positive bacteria, and further confirmed against 40 clinical isolates (Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, E. faecium, and Listeria monocytogenes). The same two aminoalkylphenols displayed low toxicity against two in vivo models (Artemia salina brine shrimp and Saccharomyces cerevisiae). The in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation (on human keratinocytes and human embryonic lung fibroblast cell lines) of the same compounds was also carried out. They demonstrated a particularly toxic effect on the fibroblast cell lines, with IC50 in the 1.7-5.1 mM range, thus narrowing their clinical use. The desired increase in the antibacterial properties of the alkylaminophenols, particularly indoline-derived phenolic Mannich bases, was reached by introducing an additional nitro group in the indolinyl substituent or by the replacement of a methyl by a bioisosteric trifluoromethyl substituent. Notably, the introduction of an additional nitro moiety did not confer added toxicity to the alkylaminophenols.
Phase Stability of the Tin Monochalcogenides SnS and SnSe: A Quasi-Harmonic Lattice-Dynamics Study
Authors: Pallikara Ioanna , Skelton Jonathan
Published: March 2021

The tin monochalcogenides SnS and SnSe adopt four different crystal structures, viz. orthorhombic Pnma and Cmcm and cubic rocksalt and π-cubic (P213) phases, each of which has optimal properties for a range of potential applications. This rich phase space makes it challenging to identify the conditions under which the different phases are obtained. We have performed first-principles quasi-harmonic lattice-dynamics calculations to assess the relative stabilities of the four phases of SnS and SnSe. We investigate dynamical stability through the presence or absence of imaginary modes in the phonon dispersion curves, and we compute Helmholtz and Gibbs free energies to evaluate the thermodynamic stability. We also consider applied pressures from 0-15 GPa to obtain temperature-pressure phase diagrams. Finally, the relationships between the different crystal phases are investigated by explicitly mapping the potential-energy surfaces along the imaginary phonon modes and by using the climbing-image nudged elastic-band method.
Graphene-Oxide Based Fluorescent DNA Aptasensor for Liver Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy
Authors: Ma Ke , Xie Wei , Liu Wei , Wang Lei , Wang Dong , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: March 2021

Graphene-oxide based fluorescent DNA aptasensors for the in vivo application remain a challenging task. We demonstrate for the first time such a nanomaterial for in vivo diagnosis and therapy of liver tumor with good biocompatibility and high selectivity. This DNA nanomaterial comprising of DNA tetrahedron and aptamers, aggregation-induced emission luminogen (AIEgens) and antitumor drug doxorubicin, is fabricated and attached on GO surface. Additionally, this GO-based fluorescent DNA nanodevice is also constructed by using microfluidic chip for liver tumor cell screening.
Three-Dimensional sp2 Carbon-Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks for Bioresponsive Fluorescence Imaging
Authors: Liao Li , Zhang Zerong , Guan Xinyu , Li Hui , Liu Yaozu , Zhang Minghao , Zhu Liangkui , Tang Bin , Valtchev Valentin , Yan Yushan , Qiu Shilun , Yao Xiangdong , Fang Qianrong
Published: March 2021

Three-dimensional (3D) covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are crystalline porous polymers with potential in numerous high-tech applications, but the linkages involved in their synthesis are still rather limited. Herein we report the first case of 3D sp2 carbon-linked COFs fabricated by the formation reaction of C=C bonds and their application in bioresponsive fluorescence imaging. These new COFs, namely JUC-580 and JUC-581, showed high stability and excellent light-emitting properties in solid state and dispersed in various solvents. Furthermore, we investigated the potential application of JUC-581 for a drug carrier combined with bioresponsive fluorescence imaging. The results indicated that 3D sp2 carbon-linked COFs are not only potential drug-loaded and sustained release materials but also promising cell fluorescent stains. This study expands the structural categories of 3D COFs based on different linkages, and promotes their prospective applications for biomedicine and fluorescent materials.
Neurodivergency and Interdependent Creation: Breaking into Canadian Disability Arts
Authors: Gold Becky
Published: March 2021

Disability arts has traditionally been understood as that which is led, created, and/or curated by disabled artists. While disability arts and culture in Canada has continued to grow and develop over the last number of decades, I have perceived a notable lack of neurodivergent artists being included at disability arts events and community gatherings. I question if this lack of representation may be due in part to this perception of disability arts as having to be led exclusively by those with lived experience of disability. In this paper, I will critically engage with concepts of inter-abled artistic collaboration, interdependency and the need to re-imagine disability arts leadership structures to better include neurodivergent artists and their allies. I will further position my ideas around this topic within the context of the roundtable discussion on the future of disability arts leadership that took place at the Cripping the Arts Symposium in 2019.
Reflexive Sketches during the Cripping the Arts Symposium (Dispatch)
Authors: Rouse Jenelle
Published: March 2021

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Guru BK perempuan Jawa-Melayu dan laki-laki Batak lebih mempengaruhi self-disclosure konseli
Authors: Gutji Nelyahardi , Wahyuni Hera
Published: March 2021

Guru BK hendaknya memahami perbedaan budaya antara dirinya dan konseli untuk memudahkan proses self-disclosure dalam konseling individu. Penelitian ini bertujuan memaparkan hasil uji empirik mengenai perbedaan self-disclosure konseli dalam konseling individu ditinjau dari jenis kelamin & budaya guru BK/Konselor. Jenis penelitian yaitu kuantitatif dengan desain komparatif. Populasi sebanyak 765 siswa, penarikan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan jumlah 224 siswa yang pernah mengikuti konseling individu. Pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen Self-Disclosure dalam Konseling Individu (SSKI). Analisis data meliputi uji persyaratan analisis, dan uji hipotesis menggunakan Anova dua jalur.  Penelitian menghasilkan perbedaan nilai rata-rata budaya Melayu perempuan 82,075 laki-laki 75,800; budaya Batak perempuan 82,067 laki-laki 86,500; dan pada budaya Jawa perempuan 87,487 laki-laki 83,086. Kesimpulannya, konseli cenderung lebih terbuka pada guru BK berjenis kelamin perempuan dengan budaya Jawa dan Melayu Jambi. Berbeda dengan Batak, konseli cenderung lebih terbuka pada guru BK laki-laki.
Providing a psychological scale to measure COVID-19 phobia in the Indonesian version: a brief report on validation of C19P-S via Rasch Analysis
Authors: Anggraeni Anastasia Dewi , Pentury Helda Jolanda , Rangka Itsar Bolo
Published: March 2021

Specific phobias such as COVID-19 are new and are believed to have developed rapidly since the beginning of the Pandemic established by the WHO in March 2020. Unfortunately, the development of psychological measurement tools related to COVID-19 Phobia is still inadequate in Indonesia. This study aims to validate the Indonesian version of the Phobia scale against COVID-19 (C19P-S). It was recorded that 220 respondents from various groups were involved in this study. The data collected were analyzed by means of the Rasch Model to determine the accuracy of the validated psychometric properties of the scale. The study findings show that the Indonesian version of C19P-S has sufficient psychometric properties and can measure phobia against COVID-19 in the sample group tested. Of the 20 items of the C19P-S, we recommend 18 items that are suitable for use by users of this scale.
The Relationship between Car Dependency And Use of Public Transport in Duhok City- Barriers Analysis And Recommendations
Authors: H. Abdullah Pires , Perschon Jurgen , M. Ameen Ahmed
Published: March 2021

This study was conducted to determine the relationship between car dependency and the use of public transportation in Duhok city. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that hinder the use of public transportation and the reasons for the absence of public transportation, as well as to determine how to make the young generation change their mobility culture from a passenger car-based system to use public transport. This study was a qualitative study, which consists of Duhok city as a case study for this research, in which purposive, simple random and theoretical sampling was adopted. Two types of Semi-structured interview questions were used one with open-ended questions with governmental experts, the other was open, and the closed-ended question that was used with public people of Duhok city in order to collect the information about transportation situation in Duhok city. This research practiced a qualitative research approach, thus for analyzing data, a thematic coding analysis has been applied. Moreover, for the analysis of close-ended questions, some charts and graphs have been made by utilizing Microsoft Excel Program. This method has been done in order to avoid bias and support data analyzed by other methods of analysis. The study found out that the vehicle or passenger car is the main transport mode in Duhok city, the passenger car provides accessibility and flexibility which public transportation cannot and this is due to the absence of a convenient public transport in Duhok city. In addition, it was pointed out that people can change their minds about favoring the use of public transport over cars, first by developing well-constructed and planned public transport, also with the available of various modes that need to be well integrated with other forms of non-motorized transport, such as pedestrian walkway system, cycling, and taxis.
Rapid On-site Evaluation (ROSE) for Fine Needle Aspiration of Thyroid: Is It Helpful?
Authors: Aly Ahmed K. , Ali Mahmoud A. , Sharma Apoorva , Gubbels Michael A. , Zhao Xing , Ahmed Ayahallah , Aurit Sarah , Stavas Joseph
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Thyroid nodules are very common. Many are detected incidentally due to increased head and neck imaging. The majority are benign; however, malignancy can’t be excluded in many cases and tissue sampling is needed. Ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration is an easy and effective way to sample g thyroid nodules. Inadequate sampling was reported in 10-40% of the cases. Rapid On-site Evaluation (ROSE) was proposed to assess obtained sample for adequacy. The aim of this study is to identify the benefit of applying ROSE with US-FNA of thyroid nodules within our institution. Materials and methods: Patients who underwent FNA for thyroid nodules with ROSE availability documented in their procedure note between January 2017 to December 2018 were retrospectively included. All procedures were done by experienced radiologists. Aspirated material was Diff Quik stained for immediate evaluation. The final cytological diagnosis and specimen adequacy was based on The Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology. Specimen adequacy was compared between ROSE and non-ROSE groups. Results: 442 thyroid nodules were biopsied. ROSE was available for 65 nodules. Non-diagnostic rate with ROSE was 10.8% compared to 13.8% without ROSE with the difference being statistically insignificant. ROSE availability improved sample adequacy of nodules less than 3 cm with statistically significant difference of 100.0% with ROSE vs. 87% without ROSE. Conclusion: The current study does not justify the routine use of ROSE. However, ROSE availability is beneficial with smaller sized thyroid nodules and less experienced radiologists performing the procedure. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2021-0301-1 Full Text: PDF
Prevalence of Chronic Periodontitis: A Retrospective Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Robo Ilma , Heta Saimir , Lasku Geriona , Ostreni Vera
Published: March 2021

Introduction: The characteristic appearance of chronic periodontitis with the absence of bacterial plaque or with minimal amounts of it, but with the presence of gingival health, expressed in the specific pink color of the gingiva, is associated with active stages of the disease and its inactive stages. The aim of this study is to compare cross-sectional and retrograde data on the prevalence of chronic periodontitis in the two respective groups of patients, evaluated according to specific periodontal diagnostic tools. Materials and Methods: The study was applied in two groups of patients: the first group of patients presented at the dental clinic in the period October 2019 - January 2020 and the second group; in the period October-November in the annual interval 2010-2018. In these patients, periodontal status was assessed based on probing values, bacterial plaque index, bleeding index, and amount of gingival fluid in specific dentures. The number of natural teeth and the number of teeth replaced with fixed prosthetics were recorded. Results: For both cross-sectional and retrograde data, chronic periodontitis is a disease that affects young people, with a higher prevalence in females. This data is expressed with high ratios of tooth loss for periodontal reasons. The highest dental care for replacement with fixed prosthetics, again belongs to the female sex, but with a high bacterial plaque index. The high index of gingival hemorrhage with reduced bacterial plaque index, are data with high percentages both for the group of patients cross-sectional data and for the group of patients with retrograde data. Conclusions: The high prevalence of chronic periodontitis at a young age indicates a poor prognosis of this disease at older ages. Gingival recession associated with loss of attachment for patients with chronic periodontitis have higher values at age intervals 31-50 years, intervals where systemic pathologies are in the stages of development and stabilization in the human body. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2021-0301-5 Full Text: PDF
PROBLEMS OF SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH: INTER-ETHNIC AND INTER-CONFESSIONAL CONFLICT IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Abaev Alan L. , Golova Anna G. ,   Russian State University for the Humanities
Published: March 2021

The specific character of interethnic and inter-confessional conflicts in the university environment is studied. The key tasks that arise before those who by virtue of their duties or for other reasons try to settle the arising conflicts are defined. It is considered that interethnic conflict is often actually understood as a conflict of quite a different nature. Selected elements of a mechanism for ‘redressing’ such conflicts or moving them from a situation of confrontation to one of dialogue or even constructive cooperation, which is much more difficult but more effective in the long term, have been proposed.
The Uncanny and the Unspoken Element of Speech in Kazantzakis and Terzakis
Authors: Alexopoulou A.
Published: March 2021

This study investigates the theme of Uncanny in the Modern Greek roman of the 20th century and in particular in Terzakis’ Secret life and Kazantzakis’ Christ Recrucifi ed. The unspoken element of speech is a common component of the romans and a structural element of their poetics to the extent that it refl ects the divided consciousness of the characters. The encounter with the erotic Other becomes the occasion for the subjective division to emerge, to the point where the only escape is death drive. The cancellation of the love aff air brings the characters in confrontation with the diametrically opposed poles of their own subjectivity, the impulse of death on the one hand and life on the other. The depersonalisation of speech and the phenomena of xenopathy appear as a consequence of the extinction of the subject. Their doppelgängers emerge as a response to their desperate desire, up to the point where they eventually crush their living existence.
Methane in the atmosphere, methanotrophs and development of oil and gas industry
Authors: Vlasov Sergey , Konovalova Olga , Chudovskaya Irina , Vlasova Inna , Kolotilova Natalia , Snakin Valery
Published: March 2021

Dynamics of methane content alterations in the Earth's atmosphere in the conditions of globalization is analyzed and methane emission sources are estimated. Oil and gas industry is proved to be the most important anthropogenic source of atmospheric methane growth. Natural mechanisms of methane concentration regulation in the biosphere are considered. Particular attention is paid to the process of methane absorption by methanotrophic microorganisms and peculiarities of their functioning in extreme conditions. Methodology for reducing methane technogenic inflow into the atmosphere using methanotrophs is proposed. The book is addressed to oil and gas industry employees and everyone interested in the behavior of methane in the atmosphere, especially in connection with the atmospheric pollution and natural degradation of pollutants.
Вплив рельєфу на формування дозового навантаження на Сryptomeria japonica, сформованого внаслідок аварії на АЕС Фукусіма-1
Authors: Pareniuk Olena , Ruban Yuliya , Nesterova Nataliya , Shavanova Kateryna
Published: March 2021

В поданій статті розглянуто просторове розподілення дозового навантаження на фітоценози забруднених радіонуклідами внаслідок аварії на АЕС Фукусіма території. Вивчено вплив особливостей рельєфу на перерозподіл радіонуклідного забруднення у гірській місцевості. Мета роботи – побудувати карту розподілу експозиційної дози не тільки навколо точок відбору проб, але й більш детально охарактеризувати навколишню територію, що може дати змогу передбачати основні патерни міграції і перерозподілу радіонуклідів у досліджуваній екосистемі. Визначити динаміку дозових навантажень на елементи фітоценозу гірських територій Японії та порівняти їх із дозами, що викликають радіобіологічні ефекти для ендеміка субальпійського поясу гір Японії Cryptomeria japonica. За допомогою Erica Tool було обраховано дози для рослин японського кедру Cryptomeria japonica, сформовані внаслідок проростання рослини на території з обрахованим вмістом радіонуклідів, коливались у межах від 2,65 до 121,4 мкГр за годину. В результаті проведеної роботи визначено, що особливості рельєфу мають визначальний вплив на розподіл радіонуклідного забруднення на території зони відселення, сформованої після аварії на АЕС Фукусіма-1. Поверхневий змив і горизонтальний перенос значною мірою впливають на перерозподіл забруднення, а отже, для отримання валідних результатів у довгострокових радіоекологічних дослідженнях абсолютно необхідним пунктом є визначення динаміки і передбачення шляхів міграції радіонуклідів. Також можна стверджувати, що навіть при істотномі впливі рельєфу на перерозподілення радіонуклідів на досліджуваній території Наміє не буде сформовано дозу, що матиме істотний вплив на ріст і розвиток визначального для формування фітоценозу японського кедра Cryptomeria japonica.
A century of constitution-making in Latin America: an inclusiveness-based comparative analysis (1917-2016)
Authors: Eyzaguirre Cristián , Charlin Ventura
Published: March 2021

Inclusiveness has been increasingly recognized as one of the key elements that shape the outcome of a constitution-making process (CMP). This article surveys all the CMPs in Latin America from 1917 to 2016 to determine their level of inclusiveness. A novel aspect of this study is that it distinguishes between two types of inclusiveness, procedural and effective. Therefore, it provides a more in-depth assessment of the degree of inclusiveness during the CMPs. We found that although most CMPs can be described as procedurally inclusive, only a few of them met minimal democratic conditions; consequently, most CMPs could not be described as effectively inclusive. On the other hand, we also identified a relationship between higher procedural inclusiveness and higher democratic conditions. Lastly, we noticed that both procedural inclusiveness and democratic conditions have gradually risen through the years, especially in the last three decades.
El sorteo: ¿Innovación disruptiva para afrontar la crisis de la representación política o mera entelequia?
Authors: Celemín Caicedo Yenny Andrea
Published: March 2021

The paper does a critical approach to the possibility of constitute legislatures through sortition as innovative compound mechanism instead of elections, as a formula to face the so-called crisis of democratic representation. Although there are certain advantages of this innovative proposal for reinforce plurality and diversity in democratic and deliberative processes, sortition as proposal also have some perils and limitations. Nevertheless, there is a possibility to include sortition nor to substitute election but to complement and improve them. Realization of innovation during legislative processes in which sortition has a central role, and conformation of mini publics integrate by people randomly selected can ensure accountability processes of the legislative actions.