bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical study of the homogeneous and inhomogeneous magnetic field effects on the plasma‐based radar cross‐section reduction
Authors: Foroutan Vahid
Published: January 2020

A numerical method based on the recursive convolution finite difference time domain was used to calculate the radar cross‐section (RCS) of a square target under different conditions. The results indicate that for electron number density below , unmagnetised plasma provides better RCS reduction compared to magnetised plasma. For this range of electron density, the wave bending plays an important role and its effect is stronger than the resonant and non‐resonant absorption. For densities higher than , and for collision frequencies less than plasma frequency, magnetised plasma causes greater RCS reduction compared to unmagnetised plasma due to strong resonant absorption. In this situation, the inhomogeneous magnetic field is preferred because of its broader bandwidth. The enhanced bandwidth is due to multi‐resonance absorption of the inhomogeneous magnetic field. For collision frequencies above the plasma frequency, resonance absorption weakens and non‐resonance absorption prevails. Then in this range of plasma parameters, the unmagnetised plasma is the proper choice for optimum RCS reduction.
New algorithm for joint estimation of DOA and polarisation based on electrically large and complete electromagnetic vector sensor
Authors: Zhu Dongchen , Chen Baixiao , Yang Minglei , Dong Mei
Published: January 2020

With the development of estimation algorithms for polarisation sensitive array (PSA) parameters, research has been focused on complete/incomplete electromagnetic vector sensor (EMVS) that is mainly based on electrically ‘short’ dipoles and/or electrically ‘small’ circular loops. Recently, electrically ‘long’ dipoles and electrically ‘large’ circular loops are further preferred and have been proposed to utilise more efficiently radiation characteristics. However, almost all available such EMVSs are only composed of either long dipoles or large circular loops. To sufficiently utilise relevant electromagnetic information, in this study an electrically ‘large’ EMVS is proposed, which is composed of a triad of long dipoles and a triad of large circular loops, co‐located, and orthogonally oriented. With formulated array manifold of the proposed EMVS, a close‐form algorithm is developed to estimate an incident source's azimuth‐elevation direction‐of‐arrival (DOA) and polarisation simultaneously without prior knowledge, and verified that its estimation accuracy is closely approaching corresponding to Cramér‐Rao Bound. It is demonstrated that when with inaccurate prior knowledge, the proposed algorithm has better performance than existing algorithms that were designed for the incomplete EMVS with either long dipoles or large loops. Finally, simulation results also show that with increased electrical size of the EMVS, the estimation accuracy is significantly improved.
Multi‐sensor Poisson multi‐Bernoulli filter based on partitioned measurements
Authors: Si Weijian , Zhu Hongfan , Qu Zhiyu
Published: January 2020

The single‐sensor Poisson multi‐Bernoulli (MB) mixture (PMBM) filter has been developed for multi‐target tracking (MTT). However, there is a lack of research on the multi‐sensor (MS) extensions of this filter. Because the conjugate density of PMBM filter is a hybrid form, which makes it difficult to extend directly using existing methods. In this study, a general MS Poisson MB filter based on an MS measurement likelihood is derived for MS‐MTT. The MB mixture in the PMBM conjugate posterior is approximated as a single MB after each measurement update step. The likelihood function is designed for the partitioned measurements. Firstly, the authors employ the greedy measurement partition algorithm to derive an efficient implementation method; a Gibbs sampler is used to solve the data association problem subsequently. Secondly, they design a novel partition mechanism based on the Gibbs sampling algorithm dealing with those measurements generated by close targets. Various performance simulation and analysis are given in Sections 5 and 6, respectively.
The Gaia-ESO Survey: a new approach to chemically characterising young open clusters
Authors: Baratella M. , D’Orazi V. , Carraro G. , Desidera S. , Randich S. , Magrini L. , Adibekyan V. , Smiljanic R. , Spina L. , Tsantaki M. , Tautvaišienė G. , Sousa S. G. , Jofré P. , Jiménez-Esteban F. M. , Delgado-Mena E. , Martell S. , Van der Swaelmen M. , Roccatagliata V. , Gilmore G. , Alfaro E. J. , Bayo A. , Bensby T. , Bragaglia A. , Franciosini E. , Gonneau A. , Heiter U. , Hourihane A. , Jeffries R. D. , Koposov S. E. , Morbidelli L. , Prisinzano L. , Sacco G. , Sbordone L. , Worley C. , Zaggia S. , Lewis J.
Published: January 2020

Context. Open clusters are recognised as excellent tracers of Galactic thin-disc properties. At variance with intermediate-age and old open clusters, for which a significant number of studies is now available, clusters younger than ≲150 Myr have been mostly overlooked in terms of their chemical composition until recently (with few exceptions). On the other hand, previous investigations seem to indicate an anomalous behaviour of young clusters, which includes (but is not limited to) slightly sub-solar iron (Fe) abundances and extreme, unexpectedly high barium (Ba) enhancements.

Aims. In a series of papers, we plan to expand our understanding of this topic and investigate whether these chemical peculiarities are instead related to abundance analysis techniques.

Methods. We present a new determination of the atmospheric parameters for 23 dwarf stars observed by the Gaia-ESO survey in five young open clusters (τ < 150 Myr) and one star-forming region (NGC 2264). We exploit a new method based on titanium (Ti) lines to derive the spectroscopic surface gravity, and most importantly, the microturbulence parameter. A combination of Ti and Fe lines is used to obtain effective temperatures. We also infer the abundances of Fe I, Fe II, Ti I, Ti II, Na I, Mg I, Al I, Si I, Ca I, Cr I, and Ni I.

Results. Our findings are in fair agreement with Gaia-ESO iDR5 results for effective temperatures and surface gravities, but suggest that for very young stars, the microturbulence parameter is over-estimated when Fe lines are employed. This affects the derived chemical composition and causes the metal content of very young clusters to be under-estimated.

Conclusions. Our clusters display a metallicity [Fe/H] between +0.04 ± 0.01 and +0.12 ± 0.02; they are not more metal poor than the Sun. Although based on a relatively small sample size, our explorative study suggests that we may not need to call for ad hoc explanations to reconcile the chemical composition of young open clusters with Galactic chemical evolution models.
Rapid Drying of High-Moisture Paddy Using a Pneumatic Dryer with Corrugated-Surface Drying Column
Authors: Nimmol Chatchai , Yodrux Aswin , Hirunwat Anucha
Published: January 2020

Combination of corrugated-surface drying column and multipass drying concept (first-pass and second-pass drying) was made to increase the performance of a pneumatic dryer for high-moisture paddy. In this study, different characteristics of the drying column, which could be characterized by the ratio between the corrugated-surface length (C) and the total length (L) of the drying column (or C/L), were proposed. The influences of drying temperature (120oC, 150oC, and 180oC) and value of C/L (0, 0.5 and 1.0) on the dryer performance and energy utilization of the drying process were disscussed. The drying column with a higher value of C/L had higher potential for increasing dryer performance. For the first-pass drying, the drying system using the drying column with corrugated surface could reduce the energy consumption by 14% to 44% compared with the drying system using the drying column without corrugated surface. For the second-pass drying, the drying system using the drying column with corrugated surface consumed more energy, however. The moisture reduction of paddy could also be significantly increased after the second-pass drying.
Preliminary Analysis of Hydrogen Production Integrated with Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell
Authors: Simasatitkul Lida , Amornraksa Suksun , Wangprasert Natcha , Wongjirasavat Thanaporn
Published: January 2020

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is an interesting option for electricity generation. However, the usage of pure hydrogen feeding to PEMFC faces many problems such as high price and gas storage capacity. On-board fuel processor integrated with PEMFC is therefore a more preferable option. Two hydrogen production processes from crude ethanol feed, a by-product of fermentation of corn stover, integrated with PEMFC were developed and proposed. They are steam reforming (SR) process integrated with PEMFC and steam reforming process coupled with a CO preferential oxidation (COPROX) reactor with PEMFC. The results showed that the optimal operating conditions for both processes were similar i.e. S/F ratio of 9, WGS reactor temperature of 250oC and membrane area of 0.6 m2. However, the optimal SR temperature of both processes were different i.e. 500oC and 460oC. Both processes produced pure hydrogen gas at 0.53 mol/s. The energy requirement of the SR process alone was higher than SR process coupled with a COPROX about 0.19 MW. The produced hydrogen gas entered PEMFC at current density of 1.1 A cm-2, generating the power at of 0.44 W cm-2.
Electrocoagulation with AC Electrical Current at Low Voltage for Separation of Crude Glycerol from Biodiesel Product Mixture
Authors: Sakkamas Warakorn , Boripun Ajalaya , Ampairojanawong Rossarin , Ruankon Sayan , Suwanasri Thanapong , Kangsadan Tawiwan
Published: January 2020

Electrocoagulation with AC electrical current at low voltage was implemented to remove crude glycerol from biodiesel which was produced via transesterification reaction of refined palm oil (RPO) as feedstock with methanol in the presence of sodium hydroxide derivative-catalyst at 60°C for 2 hr using the conventional heating in the water bath. Effects of point-to-point electrode configuration, electrode materials, inter-electrode distances, optimized AC low voltages, molar ratios of glycerol and biodiesel product mixture on the separation time and the separation efficiency were studied. Electrocoagulation process with applied AC at 96 V and using Al point-to-point electrodes at the inter-electrode distance of 0.1 cm could efficiently remove free glycerol more than the gravitation settling for the separation time of 120 s. The separation efficiency was over 99.99%. Even though the clear interface between biodiesel and glycerol was firstly observed after applying the electrocoagulation for 30 s, the separation time had to proceed for additional 90 s to eliminate unreacted catalyst. The methyl ester content of 98.56±0.47 wt% was obtained after purification with 2 times of water-washing. This process can be achieved by shortening the separation time and could significantly reduce the water consumption during the purification process.
Catalytic Cracking of Heavy Oil from Waste Plastic in Tapered Circulating Fluidized Bed Riser Reactor
Authors: Khongprom Parinya , Whansungnoen Thanapat , Pienduangsri Permsak , Wanchan Waritnan , Limtrakul Sunun
Published: January 2020

Because of the continuous increase in the amount of plastic waste, catalytic cracking is an interesting method that could be used to convert heavy oil from thermal cracking of plastic waste into fuel. The objective of this study was to investigate the hydrodynamic behavior and the performance of catalytic cracking of heavy oil in a circulating fluidized bed reactor using computational fluid dynamics. The two– fluid model incorporated with the kinetic theory of granular flow was applied to predict the hydrodynamic behavior with a reactive flow. Three reactor geometries were studied, which included a conventional riser, tapered–out riser, and tapered–in riser. The four–lump kinetic model was used to describe the catalytic cracking of heavy oil from waste plastic. A core–annulus flow pattern was found in the three reactor geometries. The solid fraction distribution of the tapered reactor was found to be more uniform than that of the conventional riser. The tapered–in riser showed the highest heavy oil conversion with the lowest gasoline selectivity. However, the heavy oil conversion and gasoline selectivity of the conventional and tapered–out reactors were not significantly different.
Possible Intestinal Absorption Enhancers fromCitrus hystrix
Authors: Thein Maw May Phyu , Phattanawasin Panadda , Sukonpan Chanokporn , Piyapolrungroj Nusara
Published: January 2020

Bioavailability of orally administered drugs is regulated by P-gp, a member of the ATP binding cassette transporter families. It expresses at the apical surface of epithelial cells and effluxs out several clinically important drugs resulting in decreased absorption and bioavailability. In recent years, the utilization of bioenhancer to increase the bioavailability of drugs has extensively studied. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of the compounds found inCitrus hystrixas a bioenhancer for orally administered drugs by modulation of P-gp function. The modulation effects of fruit extracts and isolated pure compounds on P-gp were investigated by uptake assay of the P-gp substrate calcein-AM in Caco-2, LLC-PK1 and LLC-GA5-COL300 cell lines. The results show that the extract from the flavedo part remarkably increased calcein-AM uptake in Caco-2 and LLC-GA5-COL300 cell lines. Among five furanocoumarins identified, 6’,7’-epoxybergamottin, 6’,7’-dihydroxybergamottin and oxypeucedanin significantly enhanced calcein-AM uptake in LLC-GA5-COL300 in a concentration-dependent manner, indicating strongly inhibition effects on P-gp function. Taken together, 6’,7’-epoxybergamottin, 6’,7’-dihydroxybergamottin and oxypeucedanin could be employed as the potential intestinal bioenhancer to improve the bioavailability of P-gp substrate drugs. However, further studies includingin vivostudies should be performed to confirm these findings.
Resistant Starch from Mixed Flours (Banana, Jackfruit Seed and Job’s Tear) and The Application in Food Product
Authors: Charoen Ratchanee , Tasana Sakaewan , Somprasong Wacharin , Rittisak Sriwiang , Saveboworn Wanticha
Published: January 2020

This research aimed to investigate resistant starch content and RVA property of three flours (Banana; BN, Jackfruit seed; JS and Job’s tear; JT) with pre-treatment and dried under double drum dryer. Results showed that BN had the highest resistant starch content followed by JS and JT, respectively. The seven ratios of three flour mixtures from BN:JS:JT had been formulated using the mixture design. Results showed that the mixture containing BN:JS:JT ratio of 60:30:10 had the highest resistant starch content (42.85%). Therefore, the waffle cones had been made with the flour mixture (60:30:10) using a previously developed waffle cone recipe. The developed flour mixture could be able to replace wheat flour up to 30% of total flour according to the highest overall preference score. It was found that the final waffle cone recipe contained 9.96% and 54.60% of resistant and digestible starch, respectively. In conclusion, the developed flour mixture might be alternative flour for customers to reduce carbohydrate consumption and the nutritional enhancement of high resistant starch from banana, jackfruit seed and job’s tear mixed flour in prototype food product.
Effect of Drying on β-Carotene, α Carotene, Lutein and Zeaxanthin Content in Vegetables and Its Application for Vegetable Seasoning
Authors: Piyarach Kullamethee , Nipawan Kamnerd , Chadapon Chumphukhaw , Daluwan Suwannasit , Kunjana Rotjanapun
Published: January 2020

In plant based food with dark-green, yellow and orange color, beta (β)-carotene, alpha (α)-carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin are predominating carotenoids contributing to an eyesight improvement. Among food preservation methods, drying using cabinet hot air dryer is one of the most cost-effective options and therefore, this investigation was aimed to study the carotenoids content in vegetables after drying and optimize the vegetable seasoning product. Based on customer survey, carrot, pumpkin, Chinese kale and long coriander were selected for the experiment, accessibility and have met the requirement of final moisture content, less than 10%. Our results demonstrated that drying period of sliced carrots and pumpkins was 360 min, while in Chinese kale and long coriander was 240 min. Amounts of carotenoids in carrot and long coriander were greatly remaining after drying. Drying of Chinese kale had little effect on carotenoids content. While, dried pumpkin may cause a major loss of β-,α-carotene and lutein content over 50%. Regarding to development of vegetable seasoning powder, Just about right and Hedonic 9 point tests were used for a sensory evaluation. The optimal seasoning formula consisted of 66. 8% mixed dried ground vegetables, 13.4% sugar, 8.8% salt, 6.7% garlic powder, and 4.3% white pepper powder. The overall acceptability of the product was rated as moderately liked, containing β-carotene, α-carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin content as 178.04±3.39, 58.81±1.83, 158.89±4.16, 0.98±0.01 μg/g, respectively (vitamin A approximately 29.67 μg RE/g). Fortification of vegetable seasoning powder for daily consumption may improve the eye vision and reduce the rate of vitamin A deficiency.
Surface Characteristics of Leafy Vegetables and Their Effects on Salmonella Attachment
Authors: Phungamngoen Chanthima , Rittisak Sriwiang
Published: January 2020

Leafy vegetables exhibit non-uniform surfaces and are structured with interconnected networks of veinlets or wrinkle characteristics, making the quantification of the changes rather difficult. In this study, attempt was made to quantify the surface topographical features of leafy vegetable. Image analysis was used to determine the characteristic of vegetable surface. In term of surface area (A), the results were compared with those correlated with the data obtained by a conventional measurement method. It was also performed to determine fractal dimension (FD) and roughness value (R) to describe the behavior of bacteria attached on the vegetable surface. The results showed that different leafy vegetable (basil, lemon basil, peppermint and cabbage) did not have a significant effect on Salmonella attached on surface. Dorsal side (upper side) of leaves exhibited higher R and lower FD than ventral side (lower side). It led to number of Salmonella attached on upper side of leaves showed higher than their lower side. From Pearson’s correlation, FD could relate well with the number of Salmonella attached on surface of vegetable. FD showed the highest correlation (-0.78-(-0.97)) follow by A (0.77-0.86) and R (0.61-0.87), respectively. Therefore, the parameters from image analysis were found to be good indicator to describe the physical characteristics of leafy vegetable.
Renewable Biodiesel Production from Oleaginous Yeast Biomass Using Industrial Wastes
Authors: Kongruang Sasithorn , Roytrakul Sittiruk , Sriariyanun Malinee
Published: January 2020

The accumulation lipid from oleaginous microorganisms is recognized as a second generation fuel. Biooil is known to as intracellular product of oily yeast utilizing various carbon substrates and converting different quantities of lipids in the form of triacylglycerols. This second generation fuel can be used to make biodiesel via a transesterification process. This study investigated the morphological characteristics of eight strains of Thai oleaginous yeasts via microscopy and analyzed the fatty acid profiling of yeasts cultured in three carbon sources: glucose, sugar cane molasses and crude glycerol in order to estimate biodiesel properties. To approach this goal, batch fermentations were used to culture eight yeast strains,Rhodosporidium toruloidesTISTR 5123, TISTR 5154, TISTR 5149,Yarrowia lipolyticaTISTR 5054, TISTR 5151, TISTR 5621,Rhodotorula glutinisTISTR 5159 andRhodotorula graminisTISTR 5124 for 96 h under 30°C at 250 rpm. Result revealed that eight yeast strains contained significant amounts of fatty acids and lipids and accumulated mainly palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C18:0), oleic acid (C 18:1) and linoleic acid (C18:2), and they are suitable for the production of biodiesel. Fatty acid productions and profiles indicated that these yeast strains can be potentially used as the triacylglycerols producers for biodiesel production.
Effective Strategic Positioning of Institutions of Secondary Professional Education in the Knowledge Economy
Authors: Aydarova Julia , Pashkus Natalia , Blagikh Ivan
Published: January 2020

The purpose of the article is to develop a strategy for the forming a strong cluster of secondary vocational education in Russia. In the era of globalization, toughening competition in the global education market, high economic and political risks, the development and implementation of an educational institution development strategy requires a search for new approaches and the development of new methods and ways to implement it. The paper proposes a model of breakthrough positioning of institutions of secondary vocational education, by which it is possible to identify effective strategies of institutions and to carry out their ranking. The work carried out the positioning of institutions of secondary vocational education on the modified matrix of Cagan and Vogel and proposed strategies for their development in accordance with the position taken. The article developed a tool for identifying the strategic priorities of institutions of secondary vocational education, which allows to identify promising dominants of the strategic development of organizations and their financing. When using the positioning model, it is shown that not all types of positioning can be effectively used by an organization, and an untimely choice of a more promising strategy can be unsuccessful for an institution.
Motivation for the use of creative accounting techniques in the conditions of the globalized business environment
Authors: Cugova Aneta , Cug Juraj
Published: January 2020

Although creative accounting is a modern concept, the improvement of business results, their manipulation and fraud in accounting have been known long before its introduction. It is not easy to prepare the conditions for practicing creative accounting, however the current theory is full of knowledge, practices and techniques for its application. The company’s economic results are important especially for owners, investors, the state, banks or competitors. Most often, creative accounting is used to manipulate financial accounting to meet state requirements. Companies are trying to underestimate their economic result in order to minimize the tax liability. Various methods and procedures can be used for this purpose. The aim of the paper is to characterize the creative accounting and motivation that leads to the use of individual techniques of creative accounting, taking into account the specific conditions of the globalized business environment. The paper also presents the advantages and disadvantages of creative accounting. Creative accounting is the boundary between the alternative approaches allowed by legislation and fraudulent financial reporting. Businesses take advantage of weak control and therefore, they can easily hide handling of financial statements. On the other hand the application of creative accounting may be desirable and tolerated under certain circumstances and it can save the business from failure.
Cost benefit analysis within organization security management
Authors: Kampová Katarína , Mäkká Katarína , Zvaríková Katarína
Published: January 2020

The present time is constantly evolving, advancing and bringing new challenges and threats that may have an adverse impact on individuals and organizations. Each organization must adapt its activities to the current situation. It must also take care of its security, which it needs to ensure its existence, successful functioning and continuous improvement of its position within the global environment. Security must therefore be part of the organization’s main strategies. Therefore, appropriate attention should be paid to security and the organization should regularly allocate sufficient resources to ensure its security. The aim of this article is to point out the possibilities of using the CBA method in the framework of security management in the concept of socially responsible business. The CBA method provides scope to develop and incorporate its methodological framework into standard risk management practices within a company by assessing the costs and benefits of the proposed preventive measures related to ensuring the required level of security within the organization.
Bibliometric Overview of Trends in Contemporary Brand Management
Authors: Kliestikova Jana , Kovacova Maria
Published: January 2020

Contemporary brand management theory is fragmented. On the one hand, this is very natural as the plurality of approaches is vital for constructive dialogue between scientists, but on the other hand, excessive diversity in theory causes confusion of marketing managers and disengagement of main topics in scope of brand value building and management. This fact can be considered as a significant barrier in development of branding practice. It is because of the challenges in implementation of current trends which are hard to be identified and coordinated so the synergic effect could be reached. We assume, that systemization of scientific literature is eligible to remove this handicap. From methodological point of view, it has been used VOSviewer as a basic research platform. It is a software tool for constructing and visualizing bibliometric networks. We have found out, that there are these hot topics in the scope of brand management: 1) brand perception; 2) brand elements; 3) branding; 4) brand community; 5) progressive tools and 6) strategic branding. Based on these finding, it is possible to focus on main trends in contemporary scientific literature dedicated to the issue of brand value building and managing and to identify current trends in more effective way.
Possibilities of Var Application in Financial Investments
Authors: Kollár Boris , Adamko Peter
Published: January 2020

Value at Risk is one of the quantitative methods used in banking and insurance. It is basically a statistical estimate of the worst loss that may occur with a certain probability in a certain future period. The main aim of this paper is application of Value at Risk model to the problem of optimal portfolio creation. It focuses on banking sector in Slovak republic and uses Value at Risk to assess the risk of commercial bank sector in Slovakia. To achieve this goal, it uses several methods of formal logic like analysis, synthesis, deduction, comparison as well as statistical methods. The first part is dedicated to a description and characterization of Value at Risk. Second part is oriented on characteristics of Slovak banking sector. Results consist of application of Value at risk on five biggest commercial banks in Slovakia. The conclusion of this paper is focused on the sets of recommendations for Value a Risk application and possible source of problems, which could occur while applying it under the conditions of small economy and its banking sector.
Risks of collective investment undertakings in the context of global capital markets
Authors: Pfeiferová Daniela , Kuchařová Ivana
Published: January 2020

In the context of globalization, international institutional investors have taken over a significant proportion of global investment assets. Among this group also belong to collective investment undertakings whose primary motive is regulated by collecting funds from indeterminate group of natural persons and legal persons for the purpose of doing business on a global scale. As part of their reporting obligations, these entities are required to report on the risks associated with the investment and how to eliminate them. Investment firms must use risk management methods that allow these risks to be identified at any time. The main risks associated with investments in collective investment funds include global financial risks: interest rate risk, currency risk, equity risk, credit risk, counterparty risk, liquidity risk, operational risk and political risk. This article deals with the definition of specific investment risks and the options for their elimination for collective investment entities. The main goal of the article is to recommend the elimination of these risks based on the identified risks associated with collective investment.
Content marketing strategy and its impact on customers under the global market conditions
Authors: Poradova Monika
Published: January 2020

The marketing world is a dynamic and constantly changing environment that never stagnates. The purpose of this paper is to decide, based on the analysis of presented issue, how important is global marketing strategy for communication with customers. Presented paper consists of four parts, the first part of paper focuses on theoretical aspects of global content marketing. The second part focuses on methods of data collection that are needed to perform analysis and it is also the base for the fourth part of paper. The third part of paper focuses on the results of analysis, which used Spss program and discussions. In the results and discussion section, we used t-test of the mean values of the two dependent variables. The fourth part consists of conclusion, most appropriate ways and recommendations for development of global marketing strategy in the global market. The result of this paper is comprehensive overview of how global content marketing strategy can be used to influence user interests and how important is in communication with customers. It uses methods of statistical analysis, comparative methods and also synthesis and other methods of formal logic
Managerial Decision on Strategic Objectives in Global Environment
Authors: Rylkova Zaneta , Sebestova Jarmila
Published: January 2020

Managerial decision making is important in an enterprise and in leadership. Strategic objectives are, in general, objectives that an enterprise have to achieve to make its long-range plan that means a strategy succeed, especially in globalized environment. Each enterprise currently face the globalization that is why these enterprise have to know what can be done to achieve enterprise objectives more effectively within the future. The aim of the paper is to identify factors which can have an impact on decision making in the area of strategic objectives. Analysis shows the influence of selected variables such as financial performance, passion for work, managerial skills and communicated strategy on strategic objectives setting to be more open and dynamic or international. The paper is based on primary data collection from a recent survey of enterprises from the Czech Republic and on comparison with international resources focused on decision on strategic objectives. The primary research provides the support for relationships importance between selected variables for the managerial decision on strategic objectives. The secondary research introduces what specifically affects those variables. Moreover, the paper highlights that with managerial skills, a manager will assist the enterprise in achieving its objectives and business performance.
Earnings Indicators under the Condition of Globalization
Authors: Siekelova Anna , Podhorska Ivana
Published: January 2020

The paper is focused on the analysis of the influence of partial indicators on the selected top indicator, which is the earnings. The profit is the resulting effect of the enterprise’s business activity and, at the same time, often the measure of whether the company is successful or not. Business performance data is one of the cornerstones for further corporate planning and decision making. It is necessary to point out the factors that influence the company’s result. The main purpose of the contribution is the pyramidal breakdown of the economic performance indicator to identify the main factors influencing its change over the two-year reference period. The pyramidal breakdown of the economic result is complemented by the breakdown of the ROE indicator.
Diversity Management in Sustainable Human Resources Management
Authors: Sukalova Viera , Ceniga Pavel
Published: January 2020

Today, globalization is becoming more and more widespread and important in almost all areas in the social, economic and political spheres. In most cases, it is globalization that brings diversity to everyday life. This diversity is gradually penetrating into other spheres, which is why business managers are increasingly confronted with a diverse workforce; employees of different origins, race, gender, or age. The policy of diversity management contributes to the strengthening of social responsibility of the company and is also an element of the competitiveness. Our research was aimed to enhance understanding of diversity management importance in nowadays organization, to explain various aspects of management diversity, it´s legislative framework. Another objective was to examine perception of the issue of management diversity by the middle managers of various organisations in Slovakia. To achieve these goals we used methods of literature review, desk review; primary data were collected by questionnaire and interview. Finding show the relation between demographic development and diversity management in companies; in examining the perception of the issue of diversity management, we found the understanding of diversity management as synonymous with anti-discrimination measures. Our research led also to recommendations for implementation of management diversity for human resource management sustainability.
Human capital development in the global-knowledge economy
Authors: Gabdullin Nail
Published: January 2020

The national economy is as competitive as its human capital is effectively capitalized in modern hypercompetitive global markets. The world digital technologies contribute to the globalization of the economy and accelerate the accumulation of human capital by digitizing jobs, providing the population and households with electronic services and data mining technologies. The article analyzes the structure of multivariate data on the factors of human capital development, e-education and the use of ICT by households in Russian regions. The average annual values of the relevant factors of monitoring the development of the information society in the Russian Federation for the period from 2010 to 2017 were selected as factors of each object of analysis. The reliability of the research results is ensured by applying standardization and rationing of the initial matrix of factors, reducing the dimension of the normalized matrix of factors using the PCA method, cluster analysis using the method of EM-maximizing expectations and the hierarchical clustering method. The author has built a rating of regional clusters of the Russian Federation, differing in the quality of human capital depending on the development of electronic infrastructure, availability of digital resources and the features of the social environment.
Global informational society: questions and perspectives (the problem of information systems as ideal models of interpersonal communication)
Authors: Pavlova Elena , Paliy Irina
Published: January 2020

The modern world is firmly connected with the phenomenon of globalization. In fact, globalization means a new stage in the historical development of society, where the economic, political and cultural interaction of the countries of the modern world is becoming more intense and profound. The method of temporal analysis and the method of personalistic and ideal-typical reconstruction, a tool that is adequate to the author’s interpretation of inter-personal understanding in the era of globalization as a process of constituting the temporal and ethical dominance of individuals and collectivities that formalize the integrity of the cultural epoch, will become the immediate, applied methodological basis. The article deals with the phenomenon of social understanding, as important interaction between individuals in the global modern society through the analysis of information systems and inter-machine communication. The authors are convinced that as a result of all these processes we can speak about principal new level of individual relationship. In our opinion, information communication systems created by people are the ideal communication model for the future society. The article is devoted to for the inter-personal understanding in the future society based on information systems.
Technological Change and Innovation as Security Threats
Authors: Rolenc Jan Martin
Published: January 2020

Technological change and innovation, together with the related development of science, have been perceived as drivers of social and economic progress and public optimism in the globalizing world. Indeed, in the past centuries and especially decades, there has been a huge advancement of humankind that can be both felt and measured. However, people have also learned that science and technology can be misused or abused, or they can have unintended consequences (cf. nuclear fission). Especially in times when the public feels that the change is fast and unprecedented, they also provoke fear and resentment. Science, technological change, and innovation can be presented and perceived as security threats, i.e. securitized. It seems that, now, we are living in one of such historical periods. The goal of the paper is to analyse if and how technological change and innovation are presented or perceived as security threats, especially in the Czech political and public discourse. To reach the goal, we can ask the following research questions: Are science, technological change, and innovation securitized? What are the concrete examples of emerging technologies and innovations that are securitized? (e.g. artificial intelligence and robotics, biotechnologies) Is the narrative present in the Czech political and public discourse? Is the securitization process successful? What are the lessons learned and recommendations for policy?
Global economy and its sustainability in the globalized world
Authors: Imppola Jorma Jaakko
Published: January 2020

Globalized economy has changed the whole world both in good and in bad. The changes in economy have significant impact on the everyday life, which affect practically everyone. Because the economy, monetary systems and financial markets form the operational platform of the globalized world, it is necessary to understand their role. As the economy is one of the three main pillars of the sustainability, it is impossible to develop the global sustainability without stabile and sustainable economy. The inequality of the distribution of wealth and prosperity is the most critical factor of economic sustainability and the ever-increasing accumulation of wealth and money is one of the most crucial factors jeopardising the global sustainability. People and nations struggling economically are usually having the biggest challenges with both social and environmental sustainability. Wealth works dually: it enables rich people and nations to increase their consumption footprint and they hinder poor people and nations to make consumer decisions and investments needed to improve sustainability. The rich countries have outsourced their unsustainable industrial activities to poor countries having undeveloped legislation and maximized their profits by utilising these socially and ecologically unsustainable labour and production practises, which most are illegal in the rich countries.
Global e-commerce consumer habits and perceived opportunity for professional realization of the first-year students in economics
Authors: Kicheva Maria , Dimitrova Boryana
Published: January 2020

Globalization is a process with serious implications for the well-being of humankind. The development of electronic technologies and hardware has led to the emergence and expansion of global e-commerce which allows people to meet their needs for certain goods and receive financial means to do that. This article points to the results of a study of online buying habits and perceived opportunity for professional realization in e-commerce of first-year students in Economics at a smaller economic faculty in Southeast Europe, born in the late Y generation, with a minimum period of higher education in majors other than e-commerce. The relationship with the education and training, required to carry out these activities was specifically sought. The method of self-administered survey was used. 58 usable questionnaires were collected. Results show that respondents buy online mostly clothes, shoes, cosmetics and electronics and pay usually by bank cards; the main reasons for this kind of purchasing being the lower price and non-availability of the goods otherwise. Only 12.07% of the respondents have conducted commercial sales via the Internet and out of them 57.1% are satisfied with the income, but only at the-pocket-money-level. 36.2% of all respondents are ready to seek training in order to be able to earn a living in this way, which points to a niche in the educational services market.
Evaluation of buyer‘s loyalty process in retail companies in Latvia under the conditions of globalization
Authors: Linina Iveta , Zvirgzdina Rosita
Published: January 2020

Retail sector has always played an important role in the Latvian economy. The success of a profitable retail business depends on meeting the needs of buyers and, in the long run, building relationships with the buyer. Process of attracting new buyers always involves spending more money, time and energy. In order for a company to retain existing buyers, it is necessary to develop a set of marketing activities that promote and ensure customer loyalty. The globalization of the market is also having a greater impact on retail companies, which makes them to look for solutions for competitiveness and development. In order to identify factors for competitiveness, the authors of the study have set out to investigate the customer loyalty-formation activities in Latvian retail companies. To reach a goal the authors of the paper will study theoretical basis of loyalty formation employing the monographic or descriptive method, the next step will be analysis of the retail development tendencies in Latvia and loyalty-creation activity level of the Latvian retail companies. This study will give retailers an understanding of the importance of loyalty and the need to build it for the competitiveness of retail businesses. The authors have summarized these theoretical aspects and have defined a common approach to loyalty building and provisions for it. After completing the research, the authors conclude that by understanding the essence and formation of loyalty, the company can manage this process and maybe loyalty can be one of the tools for ensuring competitiveness.
Consumers – global citizens from the CSR 2.0 perspective
Authors: Maťová Hana , Triznová Miroslava , Kaputa Vladislav , Šupín Mikuláš , Drličková Eva , Krahulcová Martina
Published: January 2020

The article focuses on CSR 2.0 concept (Corporate Sustainability and Responsibility) in context with concept of a circular economy and responsible consumer. The main goal of CSR 2.0 is an improvement of the quality of life for all people in the world. This concept perceives consumers as global citizens. The basic principles of CSR 2.0 are Creativity (C), Scalability (S), Responsiveness (R), Glocality (2) and Circularity (0). The companies which implement CSR 2.0 can bring innovative solutions to most pressing social, environmental and ethical problems and challenges in the world. Responsible and conscious consumers can engage in the process of implementing CSR 2.0 by their willingness to collaborate and participate in the marketplace and corporate world. The aim of this paper is to look at the consumer from the “Glocality and Circularity perspective” according to the basic principles of CSR 2.0 in the condition of the Slovak Republic. To fulfil this aim, we conducted a survey of 1061 Slovak inhabitants. The results show the profile of our respondents according to their local actions (environmental actions, buying ethical products etc.) and their profile/activities regarding their participation on circularity (e.g. recycling, re-using, sharing etc.).
Customers’ behaviour during purchasing vegetarian products in global retail environment
Authors: Milichovský František , Mráček Pavel
Published: January 2020

Purpose Behaviour in food purchasing is usually associated with personal identity. Vegetarian’s apologist has diverse attitude vis-à-vis animals and the environment, which affect global nature in the context of national agriculture production. According to comparison vegans with vegetarians, vegetarians are quite tolerant of other animal products except for meat products. Worldwide, vegans do not accept any animal products of animals. That approach should impact requirements on food offer and perception of potential customers. Methods There were employed questionnaire survey, where there were asked 1389 persons to participate in the primary research. From this amount we receive 395 questionnaires, what mean 28,44% returned forms. Findings According to respondents’ gender, there were participated in 212 women (53,67% of all participants) and 183 men (46,33% of all participants). For evaluation of gained data, there was applied Pearson’s chi-square test for independence of variables. The main objective of the paper is to find a connection between suggestions of vegetarianism and gender of target potential customers. From survey authors chose general opinions about vegetarianism, which represents feelings of participants: (1) is vegetarianism healthful; (2) does vegetarianism not include enough nutrients for humans, (3) is vegetarianism danger for child evolution, (4) is a human body adapted to meat consummation, (5) help vegetarians to reach higher age. All of these variables were put into evaluation of dependence with gender by Pearson’s chi-square test.
Globalization and its impact on healthy lifestyle
Authors: Rybansky Rudolf , Janos Dominik
Published: January 2020

Changes that marketing has noticed since the 21st century can be characterized as breaking. These are turbulent changes in globalization of the external environment in individual businesses. The changes mainly touch the increasing of amount of products and product lines, brands, shortening the life cycle of products, market segmentation, increasing consumer demand and also problematic acquisition of their attention. Marketing must respond to the changes, even in the context of the globalization process, by changing orientation and focus. As a key can be consider the concentration on maximisation of consumer value and the need to approximate the supply more effectively towards the consumer. Globalization affects businesses to change their marketing communication. The part of globalization is also the creation of a space for implementation of a circular economy with priority to saving and effective using of limited natural resources, streamlining the production of products with high efficiency, low resource consumption and low (or even zero) emission production. A characteristic feature is the prevention and reduction of waste production and subsequently pollutant sources and recycling, so resources are returned to the economic cycle, which has increasingly practical importance. Elements which combine conditions of a circular economy and the impact of globalization need to be constantly evaluated and refined. The paper will point to the characteristic features of circular economy in synergy with globalization. In this paper we focus on the results of our own marketing research, which was implemented to find out the context of applying a healthy lifestyle in the conditions of a circular economy from the perspective of globalization. We used methods of secondary and primary quantitative research.