bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kepuasan Pelanggan Berdasarkan Kualitas Produk dan Kualitas Pelayanan
Authors: Susanti Libriana
Published: February 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas produk dan kualitas pelayanan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan pada Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) Tirta Lematang Kabupaten Lahat. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif dan metode kuantitatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan insidental sampling. Sampel yang diteliti adalah pelanggan PDAM Tirta Lematang Kabupaten Lahat yang berjumlah 95 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel kualitas produk dan kualitas pelayanan dapat menerangkan 60,6% variabel kepuasan pelanggan. Adapun hasil uji t menunjukkan bahwa variabel kualitas produk dan kepuasan pelanggan memiliki nilai thitung > ttabel yaitu masing-masing 4,890 > 2,000 dan 6,179 > 2,000. Kemudian secara simultan diperoleh Fhitung > Ftabel (70,880 > 8,57). Simpulan, variabel kualitas produk dan kualitas pelayanan secara parsial berpengaruh terhadap variabel kepuasan pelanggan. Adapun secara simultan, kualitas produk dan kualitas pelayanan berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan pelanggan.

Kata Kunci: Kepuasan Pelanggan, Kualitas Pelayanan, Kualitas Produk
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FEEDING BEES FOR USE IN FRUIT CROPS POLLINATION
Authors: Boiarchuk S. V. , Adamchuk L. O. , Pylypko K. V.
Published: February 2021

Нoney bees (Apis mellifera L., 1758) perform a global plant pollination function. For normal development, bee colonies need to meet their nutritional needs. The study aims to determine the effectiveness of artificial bee feeding to increase their flight activity on pollinating fruit crops. To achieve this goal, a scheme for the use of artificial feeding was developed and the optimal set of feeds was selected as well as the influence of artificial feeding on an increase of colony strength and the flight activity of bees was investigated. The study was conducted in a private orchard in 2020. For feeding of bees used: candy in February (1 kg 5 times with an interval of 6 days); sugar syrup both in March (300 g 6 times with an interval of 3 days) and in April (100 g on the first day of flowering), also for bee training for pollination in April, the second experimental group was fed geranium-flavored syrup (1 %); protein mixture in March (500 g 3 times with an interval of 6 days). It has been experimentally proven that the use of artificial feeding is necessary for effective pollination in April. Those bee colonies that have been fed since the beginning of February have made a cleaning flight three days earlier and at a lower temperature (+8…+10 C) while the control colonies do not increase the required number of bees for effective pollination of fruit crops (first decade of April). The complex carbohydrate-protein feeding of bee colonies according to the developed scheme increases the strength of bee colonies by 5–21 % and increases the number of brood cells by 15.4 %. The effectiveness of bee feeding on orchard pollination is confirmed by an increase in their flight activity by 44–47 % during the flowering of cherries, sweet cherries, and pears and by 26–35 % during the flowering of apple trees. The use of flavored syrup allows increasing the flight activity of bees by 6–12 % compared to non-flavored syrup the day after feeding.
Extra-Axial spinal Lumbar Neoplastic Lesions. A Rare Meningotelial entity: Fibroblastic Meningioma. Case Report and Revision of Litterature
Authors: Montemagno Gaspare
Published: February 2021

Background and Importance In the field of spinal tumors, and in particular among extra-axial spinal and peripheral nerve tumors, the occurrence of dumbbell lumbar meningioma has not been reported in the literature. In the present study we describe a case of a patient suffering from dumbbell-shaped lumbar meningioma. This tumor resulted, after postoperative histological examination, a fibroblastic meningioma, WHO I grade, a very rare entity. Dumbbell meningiomas are extremely uncommon, comprising only 2–3.6 %. Clinical Presentation An 81-year-old man presented with history of gradually increasing lumbar pain, not related with decubitus and axial load, and right sciatica for 6 months. Another clinical feature was sensitive and motor (4/5 BMRCI) deficits at level of right L5 radicular territory. MRI shows a dumbell lesion in right neuroforamen L5-S1. With the patient in a prone position, we exposed and excised the tumor via a one stage posterolateral approach, through a hemi-laminictomy of L5, starting from a midline lumbar right L5-S1 interlaminar approach, extended to far lateral right articular and extra-articular region. We pre-operatively assumed the mass was a schwannoma because of its location and dumbbell shape, and planned the surgical procedure with use of continuous intraoperative neurophysiological neuromonitoring, to minimize the concrete risk of a possible intraoperative neurologic damage and preoperative neurological deficits worsening. Patient did not develop more deficits and the tumor resulted a fibroblastic meningioma. Patient recovered upright posture and walking during the first postoperative day, with the aid of a lumbar corset. The surgical wound was regular and subfascial lumbar drainage was removed on the first postoperative day. During postoperative recovery no additional neurological deficits appare and the low back pain and the right sciatic pain partially improved. On the fifth postoperative day patient was discharged from the hospital with the indications to wait for the histological examination result for any possible subsequent terapie and for the appropriate follow-up. Conclusion This patient-case report suggests that dumbbell shape of a spinal tumor (in particular at level of lumbar spine) has to be underwent to a very careful differential diagnosis, considering the possibility to discover, among the most frequent histology neoplastic lesions, the presence of histologically more rare tumors. This knowledge is very important from the beginning of surgical and therapeutic planning to the diagnostic and possible postoperative adiuvant therapeutic follow-up of patient.
Pelizaeus Merzbacher Disease in a Female due to Proteolipid Protein 1 duplication: A Case Report
Authors: Almobarak Sulaiman , Jurkiewicz Michael , Prasad Narayan
Published: February 2021

Pelizaeus–Merzbacher disease (PMD) is a rare X-linked central nervous system disease involving the proteolipid protein 1 (PLP1) gene on Xq22.1. PMD patients’ commonly exhibit signs including nystagmus, hypotonia, and developmental delay. We report a female case of mild spectrum phenotypic expression of PMD attributable to a de novo Copy Number Variant (CNV) change. A two and half-year-old girl presented to our clinic with hypotonicity. She had apneic spells at birth, and was diagnosed to have nystagmus when she was 3 months old. In addition, she presented with delayed motor development including poor head control and inability to sit independently at 6 months of age, eventually standing with support at 20 months, and a prominent wide-based gait at 24 months. MRI head revealed diffuse, markedly delayed myelination, with a reduction in white matter volume. A chromosomal microarray testing indicated that patient carries an Xq22.1 q23 duplication of uncertain significance, of which the PLP1 is fully duplicated. Parental studies were normal. X-inactivation study was normal. Therefore, our case represents a phenotypic expression of PMD due to de novo mutation, a rare occurrence in a female.
Media Ownership and Regulation Influencing Production of Prime-Time Television News Bulletins in Pakistan
Authors: Saeed Henna , Saleem Noshina
Published: February 2021

With the challenges of shifting technology and the rise of social media, the television news industry is struggling, yet news media in Pakistan is still relevant. Nevertheless, audiences are still unaware of the agenda-setting involved. Therefore, this article attempts to study the impact of certain factors on news performance and rundown production of primetime television news bulletins in Pakistan. Through mixed methodology, survey technique was used on a specialized sample of 150 staff from the top fifteen news channels. Through literature review, three independent factors were identified and to predict their impact, the dependent variable of bulletin performance review was formulated. Results were derived from the quantitative and qualitative method. Survey data was inserted in SPSS and test of regression applied. Results predicted Channel Owners and PEMRA significantly impact news in Pakistan, while Government guidelines have no impact. With the exclusivity of newsrooms and restricted public access, this study gives a rare Sneek peek into Pakistani newsrooms.
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PAJAK REKLAME DAN KONTRIBUSINYA TERHADAP PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH KABUPATEN DONGGALA
Authors: Qosim Nanang
Published: February 2021

Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pegawai pada Kantor Dinas Pendapatan Dan Pengelolaan Keuangan dan Asset Daerah Kabupaten Donggala yang berjumlah 100 orang dan masyarakat yang menjadi wajib pajak reklame. Penelitian ini mengambil seluruh populasi yaitu sampling jenuh (sensus).

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa  implementasi kebijakan Pajak Reklame terhadap peningkatan Pendapatan Asli Daerah pada  Dinas Pendapatan, Pengelolaan Keuangan dan Asset Daerah Kabupaten Donggala yang terdiri dari empat indikator yaitu  komunikasi (communication), Sumber-sumber (resources), dampak (dispositions) dan  Birokrasi (bureaucratic). Dari keempat indikator tersebut masih ada sub indikator yang masih perlu ditingkatkan yaitu sub indikator sarana dan prasarana, pelaksana kebijakan,  perilaku pembuat kebijakan,   dan kesesuaian pelayanan, namun  secara akumulatif  responden memberikan tanggapan  efektif atau baik. Realisasi pajak reklame dari tahun ke tahun menunjukkan peningkatan dimana pada tahun 2012 dan 2013 relisasi pajak reklame dapat melampai target walaupu n persentasi pencapaiannya menurun pada tahun 2012 sebesar 126,7% menjadi 104% pada tahun 2013. Kontribusi pajak reklame terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kabupaten Donggala masih sangat kurang dengan nilai kontribusi pada tahun 2011 hingga 2013 hanya berkisar rata-rata 0.3% dari PAD. Ini menunjukkan sektor usaha produktif rakyat tidak berkembang sehingga kegiatan promosi dengan pemasangan reklame rendah. Faktor yang mempengaruhi terhadap realisasi pajak reklame Pendapatan Asli Daerah  Pada Dinas Pendapatan Daerah Kabupaten Donggala dapat dijelaskan yaitu : Faktor penghambat dan pendukung realisasi tahun sebelumnya, Pencairah Tagihan Tahun Sebelumnya, Data Potensi dan Estimasi, Penyesuain tarif dan penyempurnaan system pungutan  masih perlu ditingkatkan dan menjaadi perhatian bagi implementator. Sedangkan faktor Keadaan Sosial-ekonomi dan kesadaran wajib pajak dan Kebijakan ekonomi dan moneter harus menjadi perhatian khusus Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Donggala karena besar kecilnya penerimaan daerah tergantung keadaan ekonomi dan sosial masyarakat maka perlu ada kebijakan – kebijakan ekonomi yang dapat meningkatkan taraf ekonomi dan sosial masyarakat Kabupaten Donggala.

 

Kata Kunci: Implementasi Pajak Reklame, Kebijakan Pajak Reklame dan Pendapatran Asli Daerah
PENGARUH BUDAYA ORGANISASI KOMITMEN DAN KOMPENSASI TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA UNIVERSITAS ALKHAIRAAT PALU
Authors: Kaiyeli Nasrula
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh  budaya organisasi, komitmen dan kompensasi terhadap kinerja pegawai Universitas Alkhairaat Palu; pengaruh budaya organisasi terhadap kinerja  pegawai Universitas Alkhairaat Palu, pengaruh komitmen terhadap kinerja pegawai Universitas Alkhairaat Palu, pengaruh kompensasi terhadap kinerja pegawai Universitas Alkhairaat Palu.  Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah yaitu 86 pegawai. Teknik penarikan sampel menggunakan  metode sensus dengan tujuan agar dapat memperoleh informasi yang lebih lengkap tentang kondisi sebenarnya. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: hasil perhitungan diperoleh Fhitung = 28.014 pada taraf nyata ά = 0,05 atau Sig F< 0,05. nilai signifikansi F = 0,000. Dengan demikian dapat dinyatakan bahwa secara simultan variabel budaya organisasi, komitmen dan kompensasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja    ; variabel budaya organisasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja dengan nilai sig 0.002; komitmen tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja dengan nilai sig 0.530.; kompensasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja dengan nilai sig 0.242.

 

Kata Kunci: Budaya Organisasi, Komitmen, Kompensasi, Kinerja.
Quantitative Assessment of Resting-State for Mild Cognitive Impairment Detection: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Deep Learning Approach
Authors: Yang Dalin , Hong Keum-Shik
Published: February 2021

Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is considered a prodromal stage of Alzheimer’s disease. Early diagnosis of MCI can allow for treatment to improve cognitive function and reduce modifiable risk factors. Objective: This study aims to investigate the feasibility of individual MCI detection from healthy control (HC) using a minimum duration of resting-state functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) signals. Methods: In this study, nine different measurement durations (i.e., 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240, and 270 s) were evaluated for MCI detection via the graph theory analysis and traditional machine learning approach, such as linear discriminant analysis, support vector machine, and K-nearest neighbor algorithms. Moreover, feature representation- and classification-based transfer learning (TL) methods were applied to identify MCI from HC through the input of connectivity maps with 30 and 90 s duration. Results: There was no significant difference among the nine various time windows in the machine learning and graph theory analysis. The feature representation-based TL showed improved accuracy in both 30 and 90 s cases (i.e., 30 s: 81.27% and 90 s: 76.73%). Notably, the classification-based TL method achieved the highest accuracy of 95.81% using the pre-trained convolutional neural network (CNN) model with the 30 s interval functional connectivity map input. Conclusion: The results indicate that a 30 s measurement of the resting-state with fNIRS could be used to detect MCI. Moreover, the combination of neuroimaging (e.g., functional connectivity maps) and deep learning methods (e.g., CNN and TL) can be considered as novel biomarkers for clinical computer-assisted MCI diagnosis.
Donepezil Combined with DL-3-n-Butylphthalide Delays Cognitive Decline in Patients with Mild to Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease: A Multicenter, Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Jin , Guo Xiaojuan , Lu Wenhui , Liu Jie , Zhang Hong , Quan Qingyun , Su Hang , Ma Li , Gao Fan , Qu Qiumin
Published: February 2021

Background: Vascular factors and mitochondria dysfunction contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). DL-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) has an effect in protecting mitochondria and improving microcirculation. Objective: The aim was to investigate the effect of donepezil combined NBP therapy in patients with mild-moderate AD. Methods: It was a prospective cohort study. 92 mild-moderate AD patients were classified into the donepezil alone group (n = 43) or the donepezil combined NBP group (n = 49) for 48 weeks. All patients were evaluated with Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog), Clinician’s Interview-Based Impression of Change plus caregiver input (CIBIC-plus), Alzheimer’s Disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living (ADCS-ADL), and Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) every 12 weeks. All patients were monitored for adverse events (AEs). The efficacy was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the changes of ADAS-cog score (OR = 2.778, 95% CI: [1.087, 7. 100], p = 0.033) and ADCS-ADL score (OR = 2.733, 95% CI: [1.002, 7.459], p = 0.049) had significant difference between donepezil alone group and donepezil combined NBP group, while the changes of NPI (OR = 1.145, 95% CI: [0.463, 2.829], p = 0.769), MMSE (OR = 1.563, 95% CI: [0.615, 3.971], p = 0.348) and CIBIC-plus (OR = 2.593, 95% CI: [0.696, 9.685], p = 0.156) had no significant difference. The occurrence of AEs was similar in the two groups. Conclusion: Over the 48-week treatment period, donepezil combined NBP group had slower cognitive decline and better activities of daily living in patients with mild to moderate AD. These indicated that the multi-target therapeutic effect of NBP may be a new choice for AD treatment.
Social Isolation, Social Interaction, and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Shen Ling-Xiao , Yang Yu-Xiang , Kuo Kevin , Li Hong-Qi , Chen Shi-Dong , Chen Ke-Liang , Dong Qiang , Tan Lan , Yu Jin-Tai
Published: February 2021

Background: Social isolation and social interaction have been suggested to be associated with Alzheimer’s disease. However, the causality cannot be unambiguously assessed as traditional epidemiological methods are easily subject to unmeasured confounders and potential bias. Objective: To examine bidirectional relationships between social isolation, social interaction, and Alzheimer’s disease using Mendelian randomization method for assessing potential causal inference. Methods: This bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study used independent genetic variants associated with social isolation and social interaction (n = 302,567–487,647), and Alzheimer’s disease (n = 455,258). MR analyses were performed using the inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) as the main MR analytical method to estimate the causal effect. For sensitivity analyses, we applied weighted median, MR Egger to further assess the credibility of the causal effect. Results: Of the five types of social engagement examined in our study, only one showed evidence of an association with the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Attendance at a gym or sports club (IVW OR per SD change: 0.670; 95% CI: 0.463–0.970; p = 0.034) was inversely associated with the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. We also found that AD may reduce the attendance at religious group (IVW OR per SD change: 1.017; 95% CI: 1.005–1.030; p = 0.004). Conclusion: This study suggests that regular attendance at a gym or sports club is causally associated with reduced risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Further studies are warranted to elucidate potential mechanisms.
Hawthorn berry (crataegus songarica) causes endothelium-dependent relaxation of the porcine coronary artery: Role of Estrogen receptors
Authors: Younis Waqas , Alamgeer  , Schini-Kerth Valerie B. , Farooq Muhammad Akmal , Althobaiti Musaad , Roberts Richard E.
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND:

Fruits of Crataegus songarica are commonly used for the treatment of vascular insufficiency and heart problems.

OBJECTIVE:

Our aim was to determine the effect of C. songarica on vascular tone and to determine the mechanisms underlying the vasorelaxant properties.

METHODS:

Extracts of C. songarica were tested for vasodilator activity of porcine coronary artery after pre-contraction with the thromboxane mimetic U46619 in the presence or absence of inhibitors of intracellular signaling cascades. Reactive oxygen species were assessed by dihydroethidine staining and the level of eNOS and AKT phosphorylation was measured by immunohistochemical staining.

RESULTS:

Extracts of C. songarica berries produced endothelium dependent vasorelaxation, with most significant effect induced by aqueous fraction (AS-CS). This vasorelaxant effect of AS-CS was reduced by inhibition of nitric oxide pathways and inhibition of potassium channels. Inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3- kinase and Src tyrosine kinase, as well as scavenging of reactive oxygen species, produced an attenuation of the relaxation response. Estrogen receptor antagonists (tamoxifen and ICI 182,782) reduced the AS-CS mediated vasorelaxation. AS-CS also stimulated the endothelial formation of ROS and phosphorylation of Akt and eNOS.

CONCLUSION:

The data indicated that C. songarica produces an endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation, which is partly dependent upon estrogen receptors, and sensitive to inhibition of ROS/Src/PI3K/NO pathways.
Sports prediction and betting models in the machine learning age: The case of tennis
Authors: Wilkens Sascha
Published: February 2021

Machine learning and its numerous variants have meanwhile become established tools in many areas of society. Several attempts have been made to apply machine learning to the prediction of the outcome of professional sports events and to exploit “inefficiencies” in the corresponding betting markets. On the example of tennis, this paper extends previous research by conducting one of the most extensive studies of its kind and applying a wide range of machine learning techniques to male and female professional singles matches. The paper shows that the average prediction accuracy cannot be increased to more than about 70%. Irrespective of the used model, most of the relevant information is embedded in the betting markets, and adding other match- and player-specific data does not lead to any significant improvement. Returns from applying predictions to the sports betting market are subject to high volatility and mainly negative over the longer term. This conclusion holds across most tested models, various money management strategies, and for backing the match favorites or outsiders. The use of model ensembles that combine the predictions from multiple approaches proves to be the most promising choice.
Development of a novel computational method using computed tomography images for the early detection and severity classification of COVID-19 cases
Authors: Abbas M.A. , Alqahtani M.S. , Alkulib A.J. , Almohiy H.M. , Alshehri R.F. , Alamri E.A. , Alamri A.A.
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND: Recent occurrence of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has highlighted the need for fast, accurate, and simple strategies to identify cases on a large scale. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to develop and test an accurate detection and severity classification methodology that may help medical professionals and non-radiologists recognize the behavior and propagation mechanisms of the virus by viewing computed tomography (CT) images of the lungs with implicit materials. METHODS: In this study, the process of detecting the virus began with the deployment of a virtual material inside CT images of the lungs of 128 patients. Virtual material is a hypothetical material that can penetrate the healthy regions in the image by performing sequential numerical measurements to interpret images with high data accuracy. The proposed method also provides a segmented image of only the healthy parts of the lung. RESULTS: The resulting segmented images, which represent healthy parts of the lung, are classified into six levels of severity. These levels are classified according to physical symptoms. The results of the proposed methodology are compared with those of the radiologists’ reports. This comparison revealed that the gold-standard reports correlated with the results of the proposed methodology with a high accuracy rate of 93%. CONCLUSION: The study results indicate the possibility of relying on the proposed methodology for discovering the effects of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the lungs through CT imaging analysis with limited dependency on radiologists.
Raising College Access and Completion: How Much Can Free College Help?
Authors: Ferreyra Maria Marta , Garriga Carlos , Martin-Ocampo Juan D. , Sánchez Díaz Angélica María
Published: February 2021

Free college proposals have become increasingly popular in many countries of the world. To evaluate their potential effects, we develop and estimate a dynamic model of college enrollment, performance, and graduation. A central piece of the model, student effort, has a direct effect on class completion, and an indirect effect in mitigating the risk of not completing a class or not remaining in college. We estimate the model using rich, student-level administrative data from Colombia, and use the estimates to simulate free college programs that differ in eligibility requirements. Among these, universal free college expands enrollment the most, but it does not affect graduation rates and has the highest per-graduate cost. Performance-based free college, in contrast, delivers a slightly lower enrollment expansion yet a greater graduation rate at a lower per-graduate cost. Relative to universal free college, performance-based free college places a greater risk on students but is precisely this feature that delivers better outcomes. Nonetheless, the modest increase in graduation rates suggests that additional, complementary policies might be required to elicit the large effort increase needed to raise graduation rates.
Enfermería una Necesidad de la Población
Authors: Salgado Jimenez Ruth Elizabeth
Published: February 2021

Enfermería una Necesidad de la Población
Profesión de Enfermería
Authors: De Enfermería Escuela
Published: February 2021

Profesión de Enfermería
Komparasi Penetapan Tarif INA_CBGs dan Tarif Rumah Sakit dengan Diagnosa Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) Peserta Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional, Studi Empiris di Rumah Sakit Medika Dramaga - Bogor
Authors: Indupurnahayu Indupurnahayu , Aminda Renea Shinta , Rahayu Renny
Published: February 2021

Dalam pelaksanaanya, walaupun JKN (Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional) melalui Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial Kesehatan (BPJS Kesehatan) sudah dilakukan kurang lebih 5-6 tahun lalu masih sering dijumpai celah perbedaan tarif antara Indonesia Case Based Group (INA-BCGs) dengan penetapan tarif oleh Rumah Sakit yang dirujuk pasien. Berdasarkan data dan kondisi empiris tersebut maka penelitian ini dilakukan untuk dapat menjawab perhitungan penetapan tarif INA_CBGs pada pasien rawat inap dan rawat jalan untuk kasus penyakit yang diakibatkan oleh Nyamuk Demam Berdarah (DBD) atau yang leBih dikenal dengan nama Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF). Penelitian dilakukan untuk  mengkonfirmasi besaran dasar penetapan tarif INA_CBGs, dan menghitung serta menganalisis formulasi dalam penyelesaian selisih perhitungan Tarif INA_CBgs dan tarif Rumah Sakit yang dirujuk pasien. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan tariff pada pasien rawat inap. Adapun  formulasi praktis jangka peendek adalah subsidi silang dan model alternatif perhitungan perbedaan tarif yang ideal bagi rumah sakit dalam mengatasi selisih negative adalah dengan mengakomodasi selisih tarif melalui konfirmasi 2 arah BPJS kesehatan dan Administator Rumah sakit.
HR Strategic Role in Public Institution and it’s Impact on Employee Satisfaction
Authors: Pasaribu Popy Novita , Maulana Setyo
Published: February 2021

The Ministry of Finance believes implementing bureaucratic reforms in human resources are very important in the organization, including at the Directorate General of Debt Management. This study aims to identify and analyze the strategic role folder concept models of human resources according to Ulrich items, namely as a strategic partner, an administrative expert, an employee champion, and a change agent and further to identify and analyze the effect of the strategic role of human resources job satisfaction on employees at the Directorate General of Debt Management. This study is an associative descriptive analysis and using a quantitative approach. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with 178 employees. The method of analysis used in this study is multiple linear regression. The result showed that the strategic role of human resources is still an expert administrative dominant role. Role of human resources as a strategic partner, administrative expert, employee champion and change agent have a significant positive effect on employee satisfaction. The influence of the role of human resources as an administrative expert on job satisfaction is the most dominant than the effect of the role of strategic partner, change agent or employee champion.
Fiber flax germination at different temperatures and salinity stress conditions
Authors: Varga Ivana , Antunović Manda , Rastija Mirta , Iljkić Dario , Tkalec Kojić Monika
Published: February 2021

In this study the fiber flax (Linum usitassimum L.) cultivar Lirina was tested to seed germination under salinity of NaCl and two different temperatures. The experiment was set up in controlled conditions in fitotron (Aralab). There were two temperatures (10°C and 20°C) and different NaCl water solution used for salinity stress: 0 mM, 20 mM, 40 mM, 60 mM, 80 mM and 100 mM. There were 100 seeds sown in 4 replications. The germination energy (%) and germination rate (%) were determined on 3rd and 7th day, respectively. At the lower temperature (10°C) the seeds were not sprouted on 3rd day, whereas at higher temperature (20°C) mean germination energy was 31%. Germination rate (7th day) was quite similar at both temperatures (58% at 10°C and 59% at 20°C). The higher salinity stress of 80 and 100 mM had negative influence on germination energy as well germination rate. With increased salinity, the total seedlings length was also decreased. With increasing salinity (over 20 mM), the total seedlings length was also decreased. In out study, low salinity stress of 20 mM even increases the germination rate and germination energy and resulted with the longest seedlings of the fiber flax cultivar Lirina.
Priznavanje sorti u Republici Hrvatskoj
Authors: Zorić Marina , Varnica Ivan , Jukić Goran , Jurić Ružica
Published: February 2021

Priznavanje sorti poljoprivrednog bilja u Republici Hrvatskoj provodi se u Hrvatskoj Agenciji za poljoprivredu i hranu - Centru za sjemenarstvo i rasadničarstvo u skladu sa Zakonom o sjemenu, sadnom materijalu i priznavanju sorti poljoprivrednog bilja (NN 140/05, 35/08, 25/09, 124/10, 55/11 i 14/14), Pravilnikom o upisu sorti u Sortnu listu (NN 45/08, 84/08, 77/13, 136/15, 57/17, 70/18 i 75/19), Pravilnikom o priznavanju sorti poljoprivrednog bilja (NN 99/08, 100/09, 109/10, 77/13 i 57/18) i Pravilnikom o postupku utvrđivanja različitosti, ujednačenosti i postojanosti novih biljnih sorti u svrhu dodjeljivanja oplemenjivačkog prava i priznavanja sorti (NN 61/11). Sortna lista Republike Hrvatske je službeni popis sorti vrsta bilja koje su priznate u Republici Hrvatskoj. Postupkom priznavanja sorte stječe se pravo upisa sorte u Sortnu listu Republike Hrvatske, Zajedničku sortnu listu Zajednice i OECD listu. Trenutno je na Sortnoj listi Republike Hrvatske upisano 843 sorti poljoprivrednog bilja i povrća. Od osnivanja Centra za sjemenarstvo i rasadničarstvo (1998.) do danas je zaprimljeno 4.181 zahtjev za priznavanje za 103 biljne vrste. Od tog su broja priznate 2.409 sorti, 1.251 je povučeno iz ispitivanja, a 285 sorti nisu priznate. Za 8 sorti je odbačen zahtjev za priznavanje i 228 sorti se nalazi u postupku ispitivanja.
OBALNA STRAŽA – DEJAVNIK POVEČANJA VARNOSTI V POMORSKEM PROMETU
Authors: ANDROJNA ANDREJ
Published: February 2021

V sodobnem svetu je morje s svojo prostranostjo eden najpomembnejših virov gospodarske blaginje pomorskih držav. Zaradi svoje širine je odprto vplivom interakcij v vseh pogledih, tudi v varnostnem. Spoprijemanje z današnjimi izzivi določa uporabo širokega spektra civilnih in vojaških zmogljivosti, izboljšano sodelovanje ter usklajevanje vseh vključenih subjektov in tudi pripravo enotnega subjekta nacionalne varnosti. Članek predstavlja iskanje novih sistemskih oblik zagotavljanja ustrezne zaščite in varnosti morja. Na sintezi študije uspešno organiziranih tujih sorodnih institucij in enakovredne sektorske preučitve nacionalnih varnostnih podsistemov je izdelan model Obalne straže Republike Slovenije, s katerim bi lahko dosegli bistveno višjo raven učinkovitosti in konsistentnosti državnih organov na področju varovanja, nadzora in zaščite teritorialnega morja ter racionalizacijo porabe proračunskih sredstev. Ob tem pa ostaja izziv implementacija omenjenega modela ter njegova umestitev v nacionalni varnostno-obrambni sistem. In the modern world, the sea is one of the most important resources of the economic welfare of countries with access to the sea. Due to its broadness, it is susceptible to the influence of all types of interactions, including security. Meeting today's security challenges requires a wide spectrum of civil and military capabilities. It calls for cooperation, regular coordination of all entities involved, as well as a unified national security structure. The article presents the search for new systematic forms to ensure adequate maritime security and safety at sea. Based on the research on successfully organized similar foreign institutions in relation to the national security institutions in the maritime domain, the Coast Guard model of the Republic of Slovenia is designed. The model could significantly improve the level of efficiency and consistency of national authorities in the area of control, security and safety of the territorial sea and rationalize expenditures. However, the implementation of the proposed model and its incorporation into the national security and defence system, remain a challenge.
FOSTERING AUTONOMOUS LANGUAGE LEARNERS AT A JAPANESE UNIVERSITY
Authors: Kanazawa Mayumi
Published: February 2021

Autonomous learning is one of the most important factors in the field of language learning. Leaning a language demands a considerable amount of time and learners have to work inside and outside the classroom to develop their language skills. The present study explored ways of promoting autonomous learning skills in mixed-level of students of English at a Japanese university. The course syllabus, which employed various methods was developed in order to increase students’ autonomous learning skills and incorporate a self-study period during the semester. The students set their own goals, then planned, developed and followed strategies to achieve them. Learners also kept a weekly learning-log, culminating in a presentation and a written report about what they had done to achieve their goals, including self-evaluation. The results showed that the students recognized some improvements in their English learning skills, motivation and learning habits, including an increase in learning hours. In addition, the students gained confidence in their English learning. Further practical improvements are suggested for supporting students to become autonomous language learners.
Keywords: autonomous learners, language learning, learner autonomy, learner independence, self-study
A COLLABORATIVE EXCHANGE TO IMPROVE EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION OUTCOMES
Authors: Takagi Yumiko , Batten Paul , Rattenborg Karen
Published: February 2021

International collaborative research has great value in helping each of the participant’s view their respective situations from novel and various perspectives. When people involved in the same work tackle problems from different perspectives, new awareness arises, and innovative solutions are created. Kagawa University and Colorado State University have conducted excellent research exchanges in the field of early childhood education based on their international exchange agreements.
As the trend in Japan towards nuclear families continues in tandem with Japan’s aging society and low childbirth rate, a number of parents and guardians are becoming increasingly isolated and unsure of how to raise their children. The process of introducing a new childcare support system based on Japan’s national policies and the problems Japanese regional prefectural governments face in early childhood education were clarified through exchanges between Kagawa University and Colorado State University. By sharing information and giving an overview concerning efforts and successful cases in Japan and the U.S., mutual clues were found for problem analysis and problem solving.
This research analyzed the factors for constructive interaction and provided clues for the problems highlighted by the results. It enabled several researchers in Kagawa who have experience in this field, overseas as well as locally, and those at the prefectural level involved as leaders in professional guidance in this field of childcare, to understand the current situation and trends for childcare in the U.S. This has the potential to lead to improvements in the quality of childcare and the training of teachers in Japan. It also put forward a direction and recommendations for development in international collaborative research.
Keywords: collaborative exchange, childcare, early childhood education, international collaboration
Influence of stress factors on adaptive and behavioral responses in sows and piglets
Authors: Poroshinska О. , Shmayun S. , Nischemenko M. , Stovbetska L. , Emelyanenko A. , Koziy V.
Published: February 2021

The article presents data from the scientific literature describing the influence of stress factors on pigs in modern production conditions. It was established that stress factors that affect sows during gestation period affect fetal development and are important determinants of behavioral disorders in piglets in the future. Conditions for keeping and feeding pregnant sows play an important role in ensuring the behavior of future offspring. Stress of sows in the late stages of gestation can cause a negative longterm effect on the functioning of the immune system of piglets. This reduces the ability of piglets to be effectively protected against infections during lactation and weaning periods. Changes in the endocrine and neurotransmitter systems depend on the gestational period, with late pregnancy being the most sensitive phase in pigs. Ensuring optimal housing conditions for sows and newborn piglets is an important condition for the proper development of protective, feeding and behavioral reflexes and, accordingly, the realization of their productive qualities. Stress factors also affect pigs in the postnatal period of their development. The main stress-inducing factors are the conditions of feeding, maintenance and technological methods associated with ensuring veterinary wellbeing. Early social isolation during the early postnatal life of animals causes persistent changes in their behavioral responses and physiological mechanisms of adaptation. Raising pigs in a depleted environment may indicate the presence of chronic stress and, accordingly, a decrease in the level of welfare, protective and productive qualities in animals. The methods that can reduce stress and improve animal welfare is environmental enrichment and adaptation of the housing environment according to the behavioral needs of animals. Ecological enrichment can be used to preserve or restore physiological homeostasis and behavioral disorders in the post-stress period.
Key words: stress, pigs, adaptation, behavior, immune system, productivity.
Tick-born infections and invasions in the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Subotina I. , Osmolovsky A. , Fadeenkova E.
Published: February 2021

On the territory of the Republic of Belarus, the growth of infectious and invasive diseases of humans and animals, caused by ticks and insects, continues. The study of the ecological, logistic and phenological patterns of ontogenesis of ixodid ticks in different climatic zones of the Republic of Belarus, the development of various methods for monitoring and predicting the number, timing of the increase in the population and the increase in the activity of ixodids seems relevant.The purpose of the study was to analyze the features of the distribution, species composition and seasonality of the attack of ixodid ticks in different climatic zones of the Republic of Belarus over the past 5 years. To determine the seasonal activity of ticks and the seasonality of a number of tick-borne infections and infestations among animals, both our own research on the collection of ticks, the selection and examination of blood (blood smears), and the collection of reporting data from veterinary clinics (private and public), data from regional veterinary stations, reporting Ministry of Health data for 2016–2020 to study the features of seasonal dynamics and climatic-geographical features of the distribution of both tick-carriers themselves and tick-borne infections and invasions among animals and the population. The data on the distribution, species composition and seasonality of the attack of ixodid ticks in different climatic zones of the Republic of Belarus are analyzed. A tendency is shown to change the season of tick activity and the seasonality of tick-borne infections and invasions towards their registration throughout the year (all seasons of the year). A change in the habitat of ticks and their wide distribution in the urban area were revealed. An increase in the number of registered cases of seasonal invasions and infections, both among the population and among domestic animals, has been established.
Key words: ixodid mites, tick infections, invasion, animals, population, the Republic of Belarus.
Ectoparasitoses of domestic and productive animals and ways to defend
Authors: Artemenko L. , Goncharenko V. , Bukalova N. , Bakhur T. , Antipov A. , Lyasota V. , Litvinenko O. , Bilan A.
Published: February 2021

The materials of the presented research cover the issues of entomoses prevalence in domestic and productive animals, determining the effectiveness of synthetic pyrethroids insecticides to ectoparasites of the following species: swine lice, canine and feline flea; malophages (chewing lice of chickens, cattle, horses), chicken bedbugs, sheep bloodsuckers. Studies have shown that the most common entomoses among productive and domestic animals are flea infestation, lice and malophagosis, and the prevalence of linognatosis and trichodectosis agents is relatively low. To determine the therapeutic efficacy of synthetic pyrethroids – "Extrazol-M" and "Neostomazan", animals with symptoms of ectoparasitic diseases were used. It was found that insecticides "Extrazol-M" and "Neostomazan" are effective against ectoparasites. The therapeutic efficacy of "Extrazol-M" is 100% after one treatment – for flea infestation and two – for sifunculatosis and malophagoses. High efficiency of animals’ with entomoses treatment with insecticide "Extrazol-M" is achieved by a combination of 3 synthetic pyrethroids. The drug has an advantage due to its cheapness and long-term storage. "Neostomazan" has sufficient therapeutic efficacy also, but has a short repellent period after treatment of animals. Thus, their owners must carefully follow the recommendations for the working solution concentration and drying of animal fur to minimize the risk of entering the animal. The active substances of the tested drugs of the pyrethroid series provide a repellent effect, scaring away parasites and preventing their bite. because in some animals prone to allergic reactions, even a single bite of ectoparasites is enough to start the process of allergic dermatitis. Synthetic pyrethroid drugs are more effective in the treatment of dermatological patients diagnosed with flea allergodermatitis or allergic reactions due to parasitism of sucking and chewing lice and, in contrast to systemic insecticides, act on ectoparasites by contact.
Key words: insecticides, "Extrazol-M", "Neostomazan", synthetic pyrethroids, ectoparasites, fleas, lice, malophages, bedbugs.
Inclusive Growth Flagship Initiatives: EU vs Ukraine
Authors: Chaikin O.
Published: February 2021

Significant imbalances of existing development models are demonstrated by global economic growth, and outlines the need to move to a new more flexible and balanced model that is able to maintain the declared high and long-term growth rates together with the preservation of social equality and population general welfare. The purpose of the study is to identify EU comprehensive growth opportunities through of EU flagship initiatives achievement current EU situation in the field of poverty, unemployment, youth and women's unemployment and their involvement as labor force geographical aspects analysis; current state and prospects of EU inclusive development analysis; possibility of the sustainable development goals and inclusive growth based on the EU's flagship initiatives achievement substantiation. The object of the study is the process of inclusive economic growth within the EU through the EU flagship initiatives practical implementation.
It is determined that along with traditional economic growth indicators it is necessary to take into account the human capital equality, ecological state of the environment, social protection, food security and social cohesion. Imperative knowledge on the interconnection of EU policy priorities and flagship initiatives, sustainable development goals and their compliance with inclusive economic development are systematized. The expediency of European inclusive economic growth model, declared in the “Europe 2020” strategy, design and implementation was grounded. Modern trends and geographical aspects of state of unemployment and poverty in the European region countries is determined. The level of women's participation in the European economy is analyzed.
The level of women employment in comparison with men in the EU countries is analyzed, which made it possible to determine that this indicator is consistently lower, however, there is no significant disparity in most member states. It is substantiated that at the new cross-border economic order conditions, proposed by the EU, inclusive growth allows all member countries enjoy the progressive results of the union, economic integration and economic growth.
Key words: inclusive growth, sustainable development, employment.
An Applied Study for the Restoration and Conservation of a Museum-Stored Colored Stone Coffin lid from the Late Period
Authors: Shaimaa Sayed Mohamed El-Sayed
Published: February 2021

The colored stone coffin lids are exposed to many different deterioration factors, whether in the burial or exposure environment. In the burial environment, these colored coffin lids are subjected to the pressure of soil sediments, which leads to their being crushed into parts, especially since the case study is made of limestone. In the soil, caused by the presence of ground water, which leads to the crystallization of salts and the growth of microorganisms.  Also, false excavation of these colored stone coffins lids and their transfer from equilibrium in the burial environment to the exposure environment leads to exposing to other pressures and may lead to irreversible damage and loss of color, as the temperature difference in the exposure environment and burial environment will lead to fissures and cracks as well. Crystallization of salts in the case of high temperature, as well as the difference in relative humidity levels, will lead to the dissolution of the color-bonding material and the dissolution of the air pollution gases, which leads to the formation of acids that interact with the material of these stone coffins lids to form water-soluble compounds, which leads in the end to the loss and deterioration of them. The selected object of study is a colored stone coffin lid no. 1939, broken into several parts of limestone (about 13 parts), dated to the Late Period and saved in Atifyah museum store – Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities- Giza – Egypt, samples were taken from limestone, red and black pigments and examined by optical microscope, polarizing microscope and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) also analyzed by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The restoration processes are summarized in cleaning, consolidation, assembling and loss- compensation for the selected colored stone coffin lid.