bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Small and large strain rheology of gluten and gluten–starch doughs containing wheat bran dietary fiber
Authors: Ma Sen , Han Wen , Li Li , Wang Xiaoxi
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND

The small and large strain rheology of gluten (G) and gluten–starch (G + S) doughs containing wheat bran dietary fiber (WBDF) were investigated.

RESULTS

At the small strain stage, i.e. frequency and strain sweep tests, the doughs containing high WBDF concentration are more vulnerable and unstable, as indicated by the lower dough linear viscoelastic strain limit as well as the higher slope of elastic modulus. However, the elastic nature of doughs remarkably increased upon WBDF addition, indicating the reinforcement of the dough mechanical strength, which is also confirmed by the large strain test wherein the maximum strain significantly decreased from 4.37 to 1.82 for the G system and from 12.09 to 2.72 for the G + S system. The creep recovery test showed that WBDF induced the reduction in the strain of the doughs at a fixed stress, which may be related to the enhanced strain hardening capacity.

CONCLUSION

The addition of WBDF resulted in more brittle and unstable doughs with undesirable higher mechanical strength. The presence of starch greatly weakened the dough strength and led to inferior resistance to both small and large deformations. These findings confirmed the impairment of dough viscoelasticity upon addition of WBDF. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Spatial patterns in soil physicochemical and microbiological properties in a grassland adjacent to a newly built lake
Authors: Li Jinsheng , An Chan , Shang Jianying , Zhao Tianchi , Zhang Qian , Yang Xiaomeng , Ren Cheng , Huang Ding , Liu Kesi , Shao Xinqing
Published: August 2019

Soil water content (SWC) is an important determinant for nutrient cycling and microorganism activity in the grassland ecosystem. Lakes have a positive effect on the water supply of the neighboring ecosystem. However, information evaluating whether newly built lakes improve the physiochemical properties and microorganism activity of adjacent grassland soil is rare. A 15‐hectare artificial lake with a 2 m depth was built on grazed grassland to determine whether the change of soil physiochemical properties and microorganism activity of the adjacent grassland depended on the distance from the lake. SWC and total nitrogen (TN) were greater within 150 m of the lake than at distances over 150 m from the lake. The total organic carbon (TOC) increased first at 100–150 m from the lake and then decreased. The soil microbial biomass and the bacterial and fungal contents increased with increasing years after the construction of the lake. Gram‐negative bacteria and methanotrophic bacteria were greater within a 30 m distance of the lake. Over 60 m away from the lake, Actinobacteria, gram‐positive bacteria, and anaerobic bacteria showed higher abundances. In the area near the lake (<250 m distance), microorganisms were strongly correlated with SWC, EC, TN, and TOC and greatly correlated with the changes of total phosphorous (TP) and pH when the distance from the lake was over 250 m. The results indicated that the newly built lake could be a driving factor for improving the physiochemical properties and microorganism activity of adjacent grassland soil within a certain range.
Changes in Prescribing Practices of Dopaminergic Medications in Individuals with Parkinson's Disease by Expert Care Centers from 2010 to 2017: The Parkinson's Foundation Quality Improvement Initiative
Authors: Dubaz Ornella M. , Wu Samuel , Cubillos Fernando , Miao Guanhong , Simuni Tanya ,   the Parkinson's Foundation Quality Improvement Initiative Investigators
Published: August 2019

Background

During the past decade, there has been increasing awareness of the side effects of dopamine agonists (DAs), including impulse control disorders. We hypothesized that there may be a shift toward more conservative use of DAs.

Objective

To explore the change in prescribing practices for dopaminergic medications in Parkinson's disease between 2010 and 2017.

Methods

Data were collected from the Parkinson's Foundation Quality Improvement Initiative registry. Baseline characteristics were compared between the 2010 and 2017 cohorts using chi‐squared tests for discrete and t tests for continuous variables. Logistic regressions were conducted for each class of medications to assess the effect of time points (2010 vs. 2017) and prespecified covariates on the probability of prescribing.

Results

A total of 2,717 participants from 2010 and 2,900 participants from 2017 were included in the analysis. Mean (standard deviation) age was 67.4 (10) and 68.7 (9.3) for the 2010 and 2017 cohorts, respectively (P < 0.0001). After controlling for baseline characteristics, DA use was unchanged (P = 0.1172). The odds of using monoamine oxidase B inhibitors was 52% higher in 2017 than in 2010 (P < 0.0001), 38% lower for catechol‐O‐methyltransferase inhibitors (P < 0.0001), 25% lower for amantadine (P < 0.0001), and 31% lower for anticholinergics (P = 0.0153). There was no difference in the utilization of levodopa in the 2 cohorts (86.1% vs. 86.2%; P = 0.5783).

Conclusions

Despite increasing awareness of impulse control disorders, there has been no reduction in the use of DAs during the past decade. Overall, there is less utilization of adjunctive classes of drugs except for an increase in the use of monoamine oxidase B inhibitors.
Simple quad‐band bandpass filter implemented on a 50‐Ω microstrip line
Authors: Sung Youngje
Published: August 2019

In this study, we implement a compact quad‐band bandpass filter (BPF) on a 50‐Ω microstrip line. The proposed structure comprises an input/output stage with one end terminated at a 50‐Ω C‐shaped open‐loop resonator. When the gap between the input stage and the output stage is located at the center and the filter structure is symmetric, it acts as a dual‐band BPF, but when the gap moves and the filter structure becomes asymmetric, it acts as a quad‐band BPF. The proposed structure is very small in size because it is implemented on a 50‐Ω line without any additional space. Even though it supports four frequency bands, the design complexity is minimized by reducing the number of design parameters. In addition, analysis of the current distribution and parameter study suggest a method to control only one or two specific resonant frequencies among four resonant frequencies. The fabricated BPF demonstrates four passbands located at 1.5, 3.6, 5.4, and 7.2 GHz. Within the four passbands, the minimum insertion losses are 0.2, 0.6, 1.8, and 1.7 dB, respectively.
Tumor mutational burden assessed by targeted NGS predicts clinical benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors in non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Alborelli Ilaria , Leonards Katharina , Rothschild Sacha I , Leuenberger Laura P , Savic Prince Spasenija , Mertz Kirsten D , Poechtrager Severin , Buess Martin , Zippelius Alfred , Läubli Heinz , Haegele Jasmin , Tolnay Markus , Bubendorf Lukas , Quagliata Luca , Jermann Philip
Published: August 2019

In non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) significantly improve overall survival (OS). Tumor mutational burden (TMB) has emerged as a predictive biomarker for patients treated with ICIs. Here, we evaluated the predictive power of TMB measured by the Oncomine™ Tumor Mutational Load targeted sequencing assay in 76 NSCLC patients treated with ICIs. TMB was assessed retrospectively in 76 NSCLC patients receiving ICI therapy. Clinical data (RECIST 1.1) were collected and patients were classified as having either durable clinical benefit (DCB) or no durable benefit (NDB). Additionally, genetic alterations and PD‐L1 expression were assessed and compared with TMB and response rate. TMB was significantly higher in patients with DCB than in patients with NDB (median TMB = 8.5 versus 6.0 mutations/Mb, Mann–Whitneyp = 0.0244). 64% of patients with high TMB (cut‐off = third tertile, TMB ≥ 9) were responders (DCB) compared to 33% and 29% of patients with intermediate and low TMB, respectively (cut‐off = second and first tertile, TMB = 5–9 and TMB ≤ 4, respectively). TMB‐high patients showed significantly longer progression‐free survival (PFS) and OS (log‐rank testp = 0.0014 for PFS and 0.0197 for OS). While identifying different subgroups of patients, combining PD‐L1 expression and TMB increased the predictive power (from AUC 0.63 to AUC 0.65). Our results show that the TML panel is an effective tool to stratify patients for ICI treatment. A combination of biomarkers might maximize the predictive precision for patient stratification. Our study supports TMB evaluation through targeted NGS in NSCLC patient samples as a tool to predict response to ICI therapy. We offer recommendations for a reliable and cost‐effective assessment of TMB in a routine diagnostic setting. © 2019 The Authors.The Journal of Pathologypublished by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Impact of meteorological and geographical factors on the distribution of leishmaniasis's vector in mainland China
Authors: Gao Xiang , Huang Yuran , Zheng Jiahao , Xiao Jianhua , Wang Hongbin
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND

Phlebotomine sandfly (Diptera: Psychodidae) is best known for its role as the vector of the leishmaniasis. Leishmaniasis is a global disease, currently known to be affecting 88 countries and 12 million people worldwide.

RESULTS

This study explored the impacts of climate factors and landscape on the local abundance of Phlebotomine sandfly in mainland China. A presence‐only modelling method was used to evaluate this species' habitat preferences from environmental factors. Jackknife analysis revealed that several biologically meteorological variables, including the maximum temperature of the warmest quarter, the precipitation in the driest month, the daily average temperature and daily precipitation, would significantly affect the existence of this species. Moreover, the existence of Phlebotomine sandfly was significantly associated with grassland and forest.

CONCLUSION

The results will improve scientific understanding of the risks of the spread of leishmaniasis over current infected areas and can be used to design more detailed surveillance programmes and more evidence‐based control planning for Phlebotomine sandfly and leishmaniasis. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Evaluation of long‐term protection from nursery to vineyard provided by Trichoderma atroviride SC1 against fungal grapevine trunk pathogens
Authors: Berbegal Mónica , Ramón‐Albalat Antonio , León Maela , Armengol Josep
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND

Fungal grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) represent a threat to viticulture, being responsible for important economic losses worldwide. Nursery and vineyard experiments were set up to evaluate the ability of Trichoderma atroviride SC1 to reduce infections of GTD pathogens in grapevine planting material during the propagation process and to assess the long‐term protection provided by this biocontrol agent on grapevine plants in young vineyards during two growing seasons.

RESULTS

Reductions of some GTD pathogen incidence and severity were found on grapevine propagation material after nursery application of T. atroviride SC1 during the grafting process, and also after additional T. atroviride SC1 treatments performed during two growing seasons in young vineyards, when compared with untreated plants.

CONCLUSION

Trichoderma atroviride SC1 showed promise to reduce infections caused by some GTD pathogens in nurseries, and also when establishing new vineyards. This biological control agent could possibly be a valuable component in an integrated management approach where various strategies are combined to reduce GTD infections. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Electrospun Cellulose Acetate–Polycaprolactone/Chitosan Core–Shell Nanofibers for the Removal of Cr(VI)
Authors: Ma Liang , Shi Xuejuan , Zhang Xiaoxiao , Dong Shunjun , Li Lili
Published: August 2019

Core–shell‐structured cellulose acetate–polycaprolactone/chitosan (CA–PCL/CS) nanofibers with excellent removal performance of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) are developed by coaxial electrospinning. The effect of core‐to‐shell ratio on adsorption capability is studied. The results show that all core–shell‐structured fibers possess higher adsorption capability and good durability in acidic environment compared with the CS powder adsorbent. CA–PCL/CS fibers with core‐to‐shell ratio of 0.442 have a maximum adsorption capability of 126 mg g−1 at room temperature. The adsorption kinetics reveals that chemisorption serves as the rate‐determining step by notable electron transfer, share, or exchange between adsorbents and adsorbates. The adsorption equilibrium data of the core–shell‐structured CA–PCL/CS fiber adsorbents are all well described by the Freundlich isotherm model, indicating the multilayer adsorption process. Herein, it is highlighted that the core–shell‐structured CA–PCL/CS nanofibers have a promising prospect in removing Cr(VI) ions from waste water.
Investigation of the Morphology of InSb/InAs Quantum Nanostripe Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy
Authors: Rongrueangkul Karn , Srisinsuphya Panithan , Thainoi Supachok , Kiravittaya Suwit , Nuntawong Noppadon , Thornyanadacha Nutthaphat , Sopitpan Suwat , Yordsri Visittapong , Thanachayanont Chanchana , Kanjanachuchai Songphol , Ratanathammaphan Somchai , Tandaechanurat Aniwat , Panyakeow Somsak
Published: August 2019

The dimensions and morphologies of quantum nanostructures are keys to controlling an operating wavelength to a desirable wavelength range due to the quantum effect. The dimension and morphology evolutions of InSb/InAs quantum nanostructures grown by molecular beam epitaxy with respect to the number of InSb monolayers (MLs) are investigated. The formation of the quantum nanostructures is dominated by lateral growth, in which the morphology is further elongated as the number of MLs is increased. Such an anisotropic growth is explained by the difference in the surface energy along each direction, which corresponds to different atomic arrangements in the crystalline structure of InSb. Cross‐sectional transmission electron microscopic images show a reduction in the lateral dimension and an increase in the height of the embedded InSb quantum nanostructures when they are embedded in the InAs matrix. The results herein provide a means for obtaining the precise control over dimensions and morphologies of the InSb/InAs nanostructures, which is essential for extending the operating wavelength further into the mid‐infrared region.
Radiation Hardness of Perovskite Solar Cells Based on Aluminum‐Doped Zinc Oxide Electrode Under Proton Irradiation
Authors: Barbé Jérémy , Hughes Declan , Wei Zhengfei , Pockett Adam , Lee Harrison K. H. , Heasman Keith C. , Carnie Matthew J. , Watson Trystan M. , Tsoi Wing C.
Published: August 2019

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have gained increasing interest for space applications. However, before they can be deployed into space, their resistance to ionizing radiations, such as high‐energy protons, must be demonstrated. Herein, the effect of 150 keV protons on the performance of PSCs based on aluminum‐doped zinc oxide (AZO) transparent conducting oxide (TCO) is investigated. A record power conversion efficiency of 15% and 13.6% is obtained for cells based on AZO under AM1.5G and AM0 illumination, respectively. It is demonstrated that PSCs can withstand proton irradiation up to 1013 protons cm−2 without significant loss in efficiency. From 1014 protons cm−2, a decrease in short‐circuit current of PSCs is observed, which is consistent with interfacial degradation due to deterioration of the Spiro‐OMeTAD holes transport layer during proton irradiation. The structural and optical properties of perovskite remain intact up to high fluence levels. Although shallow trap states are induced by proton irradiation in perovskite bulk at low fluence levels, charges are released efficiently and are not detrimental to the cell's performance. This work highlights the potential of PSCs based on AZO TCO to be used for space applications and gives a deeper understanding of interfacial degradation due to proton irradiation.
Emerging pollutants—Part II: Treatment
Authors: Liu Bo , Zhang Shen‐gen , Chang Chein‐Chi
Published: August 2019

Recently, emerging pollutants (EPs) have been frequently detected in urban wastewater, surface water, drinking water, and other water bodies. EPs mainly usually include pharmaceuticals and personal care products, endocrine‐disrupting chemicals, antibiotic resistance genes, persistent organic pollutants, disinfection by‐products, and other industrial chemicals. The potential threat of EPs to ecosystems and human health has attracted worldwide attention. Therefore, how to treat EPs in various water bodies has become one of the research priorities. In this paper, some research results on treatment of EPs published in 2018 were summarized.

Practitioner points

At present, more attention has been paid to emerging pollutants (EPs), including pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), endocrine‐disrupting chemicals (EDCs), antibiotic resistance genes, persistent organic pollutants, disinfection by‐products, etc.

Existing EPs disposal technologies mainly include: engineered wetlands and natural systems, biological treatment, physical and physicochemical separation, chemical oxidation, catalysis, etc.

This paper reviews some research results on the treatment technologies of EPs published in 2018.
Nitrification in a biofilm‐enhanced highly loaded aerated lagoon
Authors: Patry Bernard , Lessard Paul , Vanrolleghem Peter A.
Published: August 2019

A full‐scale biofilm‐enhanced aerated lagoon using fixed submerged media was monitored using automated water quality monitoring stations over the span of one year to quantify its nitrification performance. The system was operating at a high organic loading rate averaging 5.8 g total CBOD5/m2 of media per day (23.9 g total CBOD5/m3 of lagoon per day), a total ammonia nitrogen loading rate averaging 0.9 g NH4‐N/m2 day (3.7 g NH4‐N/m3 day), and temperatures ranging from 1.6 to 20.8°C. The system showed an extended seasonal nitrification period compared with a simulated aerated lagoon system of the same dimensions. This extension of complete nitrification with approximately 1 month was observed in the fall despite the decrease of operating temperature down to 4°C. During this maximum nitrification period, substantial denitrification occurred, and the effluent un‐ionized ammonia ratio was reduced. A temporary loss of nitrification was also experienced in relation to an episode of elevated suspended solids concentration. Measured biofilm characteristics, namely the detachment dynamics and the biofilm thickness, were used to explain this temporary nitrification loss. During wintertime, a low nitrate production was still observed, suggesting year‐long retention of nitrifying bacteria in the biofilm.

Practitioner points

Nitrification in a highly loaded biofilm‐enhanced aerated lagoon is mainly affected by operating temperature. Maximum nitrification is observed during the warmer months and occurs even at high organic loading rates (>5 g CBOD5/m2 day).

Compared with a simulated suspended growth system, the biofilm‐enhanced lagoon shows a significantly extended nitrification period. The extension is observed at the end of the summertime maximum nitrification period.

Low amounts of nitrate still produced during winter in the biofilm‐enhanced aerated lagoon suggest year‐long retention of autotrophic nitrifying biomass in the biofilm.

Nitrification in the biofilm‐enhanced aerated lagoon is negatively impacted by the presence of important quantities of accumulated solids that resuspend when their digestion starts as temperature increases.
High rate of biological removal of sulfate, organic matter, and metals in UASB reactor to treat synthetic acid mine drainage and cheese whey wastewater as carbon source
Authors: Sampaio Gabriela F. , dos Santos Angelica M. , da Costa Patricia R. , Rodriguez Renata P. , Sancinetti Giselle P.
Published: August 2019

The anaerobic biological treatment of sulfate‐rich effluents, such as acid mine drainage (AMD), is mediated by sulfate‐reducing bacteria (SRB). This process involves the reduction of sulfates in the presence of an electron donor. Complex carbon compounds can be used as electron donors. In the present study, was used an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor to co‐treat a low‐pH synthetic AMD and cheese whey wastewater (CWW). Were observed higher sulfate and COD removal rates (1,114 ± 88 and 1,214 ± 128 mg L−1 day−1, respectively) at higher sulfate and applied COD loading rates (1,500 mg L−1 day−1). The overall pH of the effluent remained above 6.4 without any bicarbonate supplementation. Almost 100% of the Fe, Zn, and Cu was removed and the presence of metals improved the process. The use of a single reactor to treat AMD and CWW is promising.

Practitioner points

Wastewater cheese whey was electron donor for treating acid mine drainage in an UASB reactor.

Metals additions in the system indicated an increased removal of COD.

About 99% of the metals were removed with the treatment.
The direct CP violation in a general two Higgs doublet model
Authors: Iguro Syuhei , Omura Yuji
Published: August 2019

Abstract

In this paper, we study the CP violating processes in a general two-Higgs-doublet model (2HDM) with tree-level flavor changing neutral currents. In this model, sizable Yukawa couplings involving top and charm quarks are still allowed by the collider and flavor experiments, while the other couplings are strongly constrained experimentally. The sizable couplings, in general, have imaginary parts and could largely contribute to the CP violating observables concerned with the B and K mesons. In particular, the contribution may be so large that it affects the direct CP violating K meson decay, where the discrepancy between the experimental result and the Standard Model prediction is reported. We discuss how well the anomaly is resolved in the 2HDM, based on study of the other flavor observables. We also propose the way to test our 2HDM at the LHC.
Re-evaluation of the Dutch approach: are recently referred transgender youth different compared to earlier referrals?
Authors: Arnoldussen Marijn , Steensma Thomas D. , Popma Arne , van der Miesen Anna I. R. , Twisk Jos W. R. , de Vries Annelou L. C.
Published: August 2019

The background of this article is to examine whether consecutively transgender clinic-referred adolescents between 2000 and 2016 differ over time in demographic, psychological, diagnostic, and treatment characteristics. The sample under study consisted of 1072 adolescents (404 assigned males, 668 assigned females, mean age 14.6 years, and range 10.1–18.1 years). The data regarding the demographic, diagnostic, and treatment characteristics were collected from the adolescents’ files. Psychological functioning was measured by the Child Behaviour Check List and the Youth Self-Report, intensity of gender dysphoria by the Utrecht Gender Dysphoria Scale. Time trend analyses were performed with 2016 as reference year. Apart from a shift in sex ratio in favour of assigned females, no time trends were observed in demographics and intensity of dysphoria. It was found, however, that the psychological functioning improved somewhat over time (CBCL β − 0.396, p < 0.001, 95% CI − 0.553 to − 0.240, YSR β − 0.278, p < 0.001, 95% CI − 0.434 to − 0.122). The percentage of referrals diagnosed with gender dysphoria (mean 84.6%, range 75–97.4%) remained the same. The percentage of diagnosed adolescents that started with affirmative medical treatment (puberty suppression and/or gender-affirming hormones) did not change over time (mean 77.7%; range 53.8–94.9%). These findings suggest that the recently observed exponential increase in referrals might reflect that seeking help for gender dysphoria has become more common rather than that adolescents are referred to gender identity services with lower intensities of gender dysphoria or more psychological difficulties.
Technical trading and cryptocurrencies
Authors: Hudson Robert , Urquhart Andrew
Published: August 2019

This paper carries out a comprehensive examination of technical trading rules in cryptocurrency markets, using data from two Bitcoin markets and three other popular cryptocurrencies. We employ almost 15,000 technical trading rules from the main five classes of technical trading rules and find significant predictability and profitability for each class of technical trading rule in each cryptocurrency. We find that the breakeven transaction costs are substantially higher than those typically found in cryptocurrency markets. To safeguard against data-snooping, we implement a number of multiple hypothesis procedures which confirms our findings that technical trading rules do offer significant predictive power and profitability to investors. We also show that the technical trading rules offer substantially higher risk-adjusted returns than the simple buy-and-hold strategy, showing protection against lengthy and severe drawdowns associated with cryptocurrency markets. However there is no predictability for Bitcoin in the out-of-sample period, although predictability remains in other cryptocurrency markets.
Acculturation, identity distress, and internalizing symptoms among resettled adolescent refugees
Authors: Guler Jessy , Berman Steven L.
Published: August 2019

Introduction

This study examines the relations among native and host country acculturation, identity distress, and internalizing symptoms among multicultural adolescent refugees (N = 33) resettled to the United States from a range of countries including Cuba, Iraq, Jordan, Haiti, Colombia, and Venezuela. Despite previous research supporting the advantages of developing a bicultural style to acculturation, mixed results have been found regarding native and host country acculturation patterns among resettled refugees and how these patterns may be associated with refugee mental health outcomes.

Methods

The objective of this study was not only to consider the roles that US and native acculturation may play on the self‐report of identity distress and internalizing symptoms among refugee adolescents more broadly, but also to consider the role various dimensions of acculturation (e.g., cultural identity, language competence, and cultural competence) may play for refugee adolescents post‐resettlement.

Results and Conclusions

The study findings indicate that native acculturation, and more specifically native cultural identity, may serve as significant protective factors against identity distress among adolescent refugees post‐resettlement, with native cultural identity additionally serving as a protective factor against internalizing symptoms. US acculturation was not found to be significantly associated with identity distress or internalizing symptoms, nor were the acculturative dimensions of language learning (i.e., English and native language competencies), cultural knowledge (i.e., US and native cultural knowledge competencies), or US cultural identity. Recommendations and implications for practice and future research are discussed.
An examination of trauma narratives: Narrative rumination, self‐reflection, and identity in young adulthood
Authors: Marin Kelly A. , Shkreli Amanda
Published: August 2019

Introduction

Trauma has the potential to challenge the self and identity development in ways unlike other personal experiences and, undoubtedly, necessitates meaning‐making. The purpose of this study is to expand understanding of how young adults make meaning of traumatic experiences and how those processes, either adaptive self‐reflection, meaning‐making, or narrative rumination, relate to identity development.

Methods

Using qualitative methods and self‐report measures, we examined reflective and ruminative narrative processes in 32 trauma narratives written by a sample of young adults. Narratives were examined as a function of identity status (measured by the Ego Identity Process Questionnaire; Balistreri, Busch‐Rossnagel, & Geisinger, 1995) and level of identity distress (measured by the Identity Distress Survey; Berman, Montgomery, & Kurtines, 2004).

Results and conclusion

s: The narrative analysis suggested that young adults who constructed their narratives in adaptive self‐reflective ways that were absent of rumination made meaning of their traumatic experience is ways that reflected an integrated sense of self. In contrast, those young adults who constructed their narrative in ruminative ways, characterized by brooding, self‐doubt or criticism had unsuccessful meaning‐making efforts. A combination of identity commitment (i.e., achieved and foreclosed) and low identity distress led to meaning‐making and positive identity formation, whereas moratorium and diffused and high identity distress related to narrative rumination and either an absence of meaning‐making or a fragmented sense of self. The findings suggest that narrative patterns differ across identity statuses and, more so, high and low reported identity distress. Clinical implications of the findings are discussed.
Characterization of Distinct T Cell Receptor Repertoires in Tumor and Distant Non-tumor Tissues from Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Wang Xiang , Zhang Botao , Yang Yikun , Zhu Jiawei , Cheng Shujun , Mao Yousheng , Feng Lin , Xiao Ting
Published: August 2019

T cells and T cell receptors (TCRs) play pivotal roles in adaptive immune responses against tumors. The development of next-generation sequencing technologies has enabled the analysis of the TCRβ repertoire usage. Given the scarce investigations on the TCR repertoire in lung cancer tissues, in this study, we analyzed TCRβ repertoires in lung cancer tissues and the matched distant non-tumor lung tissues (normal lung tissues) from 15 lung cancer patients. Based on our results, the general distribution of T cell clones was similar between cancer tissues and normal lung tissues; however, the proportion of highly expanded clones was significantly higher in normal lung tissues than in cancer tissues (0.021% ± 0.002% vs. 0.016% ± 0.001%, P = 0.0054, Wilcoxon signed rank test). In addition, a significantly higher TCR diversity was observed in cancer tissues than in normal lung tissues (431.37 ± 305.96 vs. 166.20 ± 101.58, P = 0.0075, Mann-Whitney U test). Moreover, younger patients had a significantly higher TCR diversity than older patients (640.7 ± 295.3 vs. 291.8 ± 233.6, P = 0.036, Mann-Whitney U test), and the higher TCR diversity in tumors was significantly associated with worse cancer outcomes. Thus, we provided a comprehensive comparison of the TCR repertoires between cancer tissues and matched normal lung tissues and demonstrated the presence of distinct T cell immune microenvironments in lung cancer patients.
Forecasting Solar Storms in Real Time
Authors: Duncombe Jenessa
Published: August 2019

Predicting when solar storms will hit Earth remains a tricky business. To help, scientists can now submit their forecasts of coronal mass ejections online as they unfold in real time.
Identifying Subsurface Drainage using Satellite Big Data and Machine Learning via Google Earth Engine
Authors: Cho Eunsang , Jacobs Jennifer M. , Jia Xinhua , Kraatz Simon
Published: August 2019

Human‐induced landscape changes affect hydrologic responses (e.g., floods) that can be detected from a suite of satellite and model data sets. Tapping these vast data sets using machine learning algorithms can produce critically important and accurate insights. In the Red River of the North Basin in the United States, agricultural subsurface drainage (SD; so‐called tile drainage) systems have greatly increased since the late 1990s. Over this period, river flow in the Red River has markedly increased and 6 of 13 major floods during the past century have occurred in the past two decades. The impact of SD systems on river flow is elusive because there are surprisingly few SD records in the United States. In this study, Random Forest machine learning (RFML) classification method running on Google Earth Engine's cloud computing platform was able to capture SD within a field (30 m) and its expansion over time for a large watershed (>100,000 km2). The resulting RFML classifier drew from operational multiple satellites and model data sets (total 14 variables with 36 layers including vegetation, land cover, soil properties, and climate variables). The classifier identified soil properties and land surface temperature to be the strongest predictors of SD. The maps agreed well with SD permit records (overall accuracies of 76.9–87.0%) and corresponded with subwatershed‐level statistics (r = 0.77–0.96). It is expected that the maps produced with this data‐intensive machine learning approach will help water resource managers to assess the hydrological impact from SD expansion and improve flood predictions in SD‐dominated regions.
Transient Anomalous Diffusion and Advective Slowdown of Bedload Tracers by Particle Burial and Exhumation
Authors: Wu Zi , Singh Arvind , Fu Xudong , Wang Guangqian
Published: August 2019

The process of burial and exhumation of bedload particles within a certain depth of the riverbed leads to vertical exchange of particles, which significantly affects the characteristics of streamwise bedload transport. In this paper, we revisit the classic active layer formulation and extend it by incorporating the burial and exhumation through conceptualizing the fluctuations of bed surface as the relative vertical movement of buried tracer particles in the substrate layer (i.e., we change the static reference system to the fluctuating riverbed surface). We theoretically demonstrate, for the first time, the emergence of the transient anomalous diffusion (both superdiffusion and subdiffusion) and power‐law advective slowdown at the intermediate timescales, which are induced by the nonequilibrium transport as characterized by the inhomogeneous vertical mixing of tracers due to particle burial and exhumation. Neglecting the ballistic regime at extremely short times, at small and large timescales, the transport regimes show normal diffusion. This result further implies that for the most typical fluvial riverbed with finite vertical exchange depth (i.e. nonaggrading or nondegrading bed), the subdiffusion of bedload tracers for large timescale transport may still be transient, which will eventually converge to the normal diffusion as time increases. Comparing the obtained analytical solutions with available numerical results as well as field observations, we show that the proposed formulation can capture well anomalous diffusion and the power‐law slowdown of the advective velocity of bedload tracers at intermediate timescales, and more importantly the transition from anomalous to normal diffusion at large timescales.
Linear hexanuclear helical dysprosium single-molecule magnets: the effect of axial substitution on magnetic interactions and relaxation dynamics
Authors: Lu Jingjing , Li Xiao-Lei , Zhu Zhenhua , Liu Shuting , Yang Qianqian , Tang Jinkui
Published: August 2019

Structural modification of the Dy6cores of [Dy6L3(SCN)6(DMF)8]·4DMF (1) and [Dy6L3(NO3)6(DMF)4(H2O)2]·8DMF (2) results in the transition of magnetic relaxation behavior from single relaxation to multiple relaxation.
Optical cooling of lead halide perovskite nanoparticles enhanced by Mie resonances
Authors: Tonkaev Pavel , Zograf George , Makarov Sergey
Published: August 2019

A novel strategy for the enhancement of optical cooling at the nanoscale based on optical resonance engineering in halide perovskite nanoparticles is proposed.
Graphene-based wearable sensors
Authors: Qiao Yancong , Li Xiaoshi , Hirtz Thomas , Deng Ge , Wei Yuhong , Li Mingrui , Ji Shourui , Wu Qi , Jian Jinming , Wu Fan , Shen Yang , Tian He , Yang Yi , Ren Tian-Ling
Published: August 2019

Based on the good characteristics of graphene, many physiological signals can be detected by graphene sensors covering the human body. Graphene wearable sensors have great potential in healthcare and telemedicine.
Biocatalytic dynamic kinetic reductive resolution with ketoreductase from Klebsiella pneumoniae: the asymmetric synthesis of functionalized tetrahydropyrans
Authors: Barik Rasmita , Halder Joydev , Nanda Samik
Published: August 2019

Ketoreductase from growing cells of Klebsiella pneumoniae (NBRC 3319) acts as an efficient reagent for converting racemic α-benzyl/cinnamyl substituted-β-ketoesters to the corresponding β-hydroxy esters with excellent yields and stereoselectivities (ee and de >99%).
Direct quantitative imaging of the writing stage in a photosensitive azopolymer by digital holography
Authors: Pagliarulo V. , Calabuig A. , Grilli S. , Ferraro P.
Published: August 2019

In this paper, we demonstrated that the gradual formation of a surface relief grating (SRG) in azopolymer thin films under continuous light exposure could be directly observed in situ and in real-time, allowing full-field characterization.
A sandwich-structured AlGaN/GaN HEMT with broad transconductance and high breakdown voltage
Authors: Chen Dingbo , Liu Zhikun , Liang Jinghan , Wan Lijun , Xie Zhuoliang , Li Guoqiang
Published: August 2019

This paper reports a sandwich-structured AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT).
Outage performance analysis of wireless energy harvesting‐based two‐unicast networks
Authors: Liu Yingting , Ding Haiyang , Pan Zhengwei , Yang Hongwu , Yan Chunman
Published: August 2019

In the study, a wireless energy harvesting‐based two‐unicast network is proposed. The proposed model consists of two source–destination pairs, in which two source nodes transmit information to their respective destination nodes via the help of the same relay node. Each transmission can be divided into two time slots each with the same time duration. In the first time slot, two source nodes transmit the signals to their opposite destination nodes, and the energy‐constrained relay node harvests energy using the power splitting relaying protocol. In the second time slot, adopting the amplify‐and‐forward mode, the relay node forwards the mixed signals to two destination nodes and each destination node can subtract the signal of another destination, which is received in the first time slot, and obtain its own signal. The performances of the proposed scheme are evaluated in terms of outage probability and throughput. Numerical results corroborate the derived analytical expressions and show that the proposed scheme nearly doubles the maximal throughput compared with the conventional one.
Weight empowerment method in information fusion for radar‐seeker performance evaluation
Authors: Liu Xing‐hai , Yang Jian , Lu Jian , Liu Guang‐bin , Geng Zhi
Published: August 2019

With the continuous development of radar terminal guidance technology, the evaluation of the performance of a radar seeker has become a very necessary and important system subject. Rationally allocating the index weight has always been an important spot in the research of performance evaluation. For this problem, a new method based on importance level to allocate the index weights is proposed, which can both reflect the subjective opinion of an expert and the objective facts. Second, rather than evaluate radar seeker performance in simulation test and outfield experiment, respectively, information fusion is applied to evaluate the radar performance instead of serial‐phased scheme which takes advantage of both infield simulated and outfield measured data. Furthermore, a model was proposed to calculate the weights of each information element in the information‐fusion stage. Considering that the performance evaluation of a radar seeker involves many experimental stages, information fusion which can make full use of the multi‐source test information can help to obtain more accurate and reliable evaluation conclusion. Both the theoretical analysis and experimental results prove the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method.
Advancements in co‐simulation techniques in combined transmission and distribution systems analysis
Authors: Velaga Yaswanth Nag , Krishnamoorthy Gayathri , Dubey Anamika , Chen Aoxia , Sen Pankaj K.
Published: August 2019

Common practice in transmission and distribution (T&D) systems analysis has been to treat them independently by decoupling those at the point of common coupling (PCC). With the large amount of distributed energy resources (DER) being added in distribution networks, the interactions between T&D systems at PCC produce unacceptable errors. This study discusses an alternate approach for the combined T&D systems analysis using co‐simulation technique. The proposed framework couples the analysis of the two systems by iteratively exchanging the power flow variables at the PCC. The approach is implemented for an IEEE 9‐bus transmission test system coupled with the IEEE 13‐bus distribution test system and the analysis is validated against an equivalent stand‐alone combined T&D system model.
Optimisation and improvement of transportation assembly model of civil aviation cargo aircraft
Authors: Zhang Jing
Published: August 2019

The rise of civil aviation cargo industry has greatly increased the speed of global logistics, and the relatively high cost and limited loading space of civil aviation aircraft determines that civil aviation aircraft companies need to optimise the cargo assembly scheme to achieve the high loading rate under the limited cost. This study briefly introduced the mathematical model and genetic algorithm of civil aviation cargo aircraft assembly and improved the fixed crossover and mutation probabilities of genetic algorithm to adaptive crossover and mutation probabilities. Then two algorithms were simulated and analysed in MATLAB software. The results showed that the improved genetic algorithm converged faster in the optimisation of cargo aircraft transportation assembly model and had higher adaptability after stabilisation. In terms of load and volume utilisation ratio of cargo hold, the assembly scheme optimised by the improved genetic algorithm has higher load and volume utilisation ratio. In conclusion, the improved genetic algorithm is suitable for the optimisation of the transport assembly model of civil aviation cargo aircraft.
The rise of the non-religous
Authors: Chand Masud , Perry John
Published: August 2019

The rising number of non-religious people in Western countries can have major implications for organizations and their management practices. However, to date, this phenomenon has not attracted a great deal of interest among management scholars. In this paper, we outline how the rise
of the non-religious could affect organizations in Western countries. We discuss three major issues. First, we elaborate on the phenomenon of rising non-religiosity. Next, we analyze how this rise of the non-religious population could affect businesses and organizations. We conclude by pointing
out some ways in which managers can deal with this increasingly important phenomenon.
Quantifying the impact of changing the threshold of New York City heat emergency plan in reducing heat-related illnesses
Authors: Benmarhnia Tarik , Schwarz Lara , Nori-Sarma Amruta , Bell Michelle L
Published: August 2019

The adverse health impact of high heat is widely documented and can lead to a substantial public health burden. Although heat-related illness in western countries is largely preventable, extreme heat remains the main weather contributor to the burden of disease in the United States. In most US cities, local National Weather Service offices issue heat alerts in advance of forecast periods of high heat. In some locations, additional local heat emergency plans that include additional community-based actions to protect the public from the health impacts of heat are also triggered. In 2008, the NYC Health Department made changes in their local heat emergency plan by lowering the threshold for triggering heat advisories based on evidence from local epidemiological studies. This study aims to quantify the potential benefits associated with the change in the threshold the NYC Heat Emergency Plan in reducing heat-related illnesses for Medicare fee-for service beneficiaries aged 65 years or older. We apply a quasi-experimental study design using the Difference-in-Differences (DID) method coupled with the propensity-score matching and compare the difference in daily rates of heat-related illnesses between eligible and non-eligible days before and after implementing the threshold change (2006–2007 versus 2009–2010). We reveal that the change in threshold for the NYC Heat Emergency Plan is associated with reduced daily number of 0.80 (95%CI: 0.27; 1.33) Heat-related Illnesses during hot days as compared to a counterfactual scenario in which the original threshold did not change. This highlights the benefits of local epidemiological evidence in informing emergency heat action plans, in decreasing the health burden of high ambient heat.
Changes in Patient-Reported Outcomes With Vedolizumab Therapy in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD): Results From the IBD Partners Patient Powered Research Network
Authors: Long Millie D , Martin Christopher F , Chen Wenli , Luo Michelle
Published: August 2019

Background

We described changes in patient-reported outcomes (PROs) with vedolizumab (VDZ) use in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Methods

We included patients initiating VDZ with at least 6 months of follow-up in the IBD Partners cohort. We stratified by biologic naive (BN) or biologic exposed (BE) status. Outcomes included PROs.

Results

We included 380 patients with IBD. Remission rates at follow-up were higher for BN versus BE (65.1% vs 45.5%, P < 0.01). BN patients experienced significant improvements in social satisfaction (P < 0.01). BN status was associated with remission (adjusted odds ratio, 3.36; 95% confidence interval, 1.67–6.77).

Conclusions

Improvements in PROs were seen with VDZ, particularly in BN populations.
Micro-reentry right atrial tachycardia originating from fossa ovalis: a case report of high-density mapping by PentaRay catheter
Authors: Li Jin-Yi , Lv Xiang-Wei , Zhong Guo-Qiang , Ke Hong-Hong
Published: August 2019

Background

Micro-reentry tachycardia usually emerges in scar tissues related to post-atrial fibrillation ablation and cardiomyopathy. It is difficult to identify the micro-reentry circuit accurately by conventional mapping method.

Case summary

A 74-year-old man presented with paroxysmal atrial tachycardia (AT) presenting as palpitations. He was evaluated by an electrophysiological examination using a high-density CARTO mapping system. The mapping results showed the AT with a cycle length of 184 ms was focused on his right atrial fossa ovalis (FO). In this small area, the high-density mapping demonstrated a significant micro-reentrant tachycardia. Radiofrequency ablation at the centre of the micro-reentrant circuit successfully terminated the AT. No recurrences were observed during a 12-month follow-up.

Discussion

This case demonstrated a micro-reentrant AT originates from the FO without cardiomyopathy or previous ablation with specific loops. This is an unusual location for AT though and can cause difficulty for operators if it terminates or is non-sustained. High-density mapping using a PentaRay catheter can effectively characterize micro-reentrant circuits and determine the real target for ablation therapy.