bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Die Risikoausgleichsrücklage als Instrument des landwirtschaftlichen Risikomanagements
Authors: Blanck Niklas , Bahrs Enno
Published: August 2024

Due to an increasing variability in farm income because of extreme weather conditions and higher market volatilities, the German Farmers Association demanded the introduction of income equalization deposits for agricultural income to avoid a progression-based extra tax load and to support farmers building reserve funds. This article examines the economic effects as well as the legitimacy according to German tax law and its administrative practicability. Fundamentally, smoothing income over several years is admissible according to the German ability-to-pay principle. Nevertheless, a restriction to a particular group of tax payers is only acceptable if special circumstances faced by this group seem to make it necessary. This constraint demands restrictions on deposit and withdrawal which are linked to specific agricultural difficulties. Due to a couple of problems and difficulties in definition, measurement and valuation on an on-farm level, the administrative feasibility of these restrictions is limited. Different types of profit assessment for farmers complicate a fair and straight-forward usage. It is uncertain if income equalization deposits will be a useful risk management tool for farmers while simultaneously meeting all legal requirements in German tax law.
Income Diversification of Farm Households in Schleswig-Holstein
Authors: Rathmann Christoph , Renner Swetlana , Pieniadz Agata , Glauben Thomas , Loy Jens-Peter
Published: August 2024

This article investigates the degree of income diversification and identifies its determinants in a selected German Land, Schleswig-Holstein. We apply the concept of Gollop and Monahan to measure the farm’s specific diversification. To analyze the relationships between income diversification and other farm’s and household’s specific factors, an econometric model has been estimated based on a comprehensive survey data. The results show that the main economic incentive for a farm’s diversification is the expected income increase, whereas risk minimization is less important. The access to resources (labor, capital) is an important requirement for tapping alternative economic activities. The formal agricultural education of the farmer is a significant factor: The higher his education the stronger is the tendency towards diversification. These findings are relevant for the design of agricultural policy measures which aim at explicitly meeting the heterogeneous needs of rural households.
Economies of Scope in the Agricultural Provision of Ecosystem Services: An Application to a High Cost Production Region
Authors: Huber Robert , Lehmann Bernhard
Published: August 2024

Joint production of agriculture commodities and environmental goods and services is a key attribute of multifunctionality. However, complex natural and economic interactions make a sound analysis difficult. In this regard, the concept of economies of scope provides a simple policy oriented indicator of jointness. Thus, the existence of economies of scope can be regarded as a precondition for the implementation of agricultural policies with respect to environmental goods and services. We apply the concept of economies of scope to the provision of ecosystem services in the Swiss lowlands using a spatially explicit economic-ecological programming model. Thereby, the consideration of non-agricultural competitors in the provision of ecosystem services allows a simultaneous assessment of economies of scope. A cost-effectiveness analysis shows the least-cost supplier of ecosystem services and spatial patterns in the supply for these services. Results imply the existence of economies of scope and hence strong jointness between agricultural production and the provision of ecosystem services. However, the potential for public cost savings due to structural change in agriculture is considerable. Moreover, the development of the second generation in biomass conversion technologies may enhance a non-agricultural provision of these services. Therefore, a continuous improvement in agricultural production efficiency is a precondition for strong jointness and thus multifunctionality.
Subramanian, Arjunan (2007): Distributional Effects of Agricultural Biotechnology in a Village Economy: The Case of Cotton in India.
Authors: GJAE
Published: August 2024

No summary available.
Groundwater Management Instruments in a Conjunctive Use System: Assessing the Impact on Farmers’ Income Using Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP)
Authors: Lenouvel Vincent , Montginoul Marielle
Published: August 2024

The objective of this paper is to compare the “relative” and the “absolute” impact on farmers’ income of several economic instruments which may be implemented to mitigate farmers' groundwater withdrawals in a multi-resource system. We conducted fine-tuned field work with farmers in order to understand the key factors of substitution between underground and surface water at the farm level. A mixed integer linear programming framework has been used to model fruit and vegetable production systems and to infer the impact of instruments on farmers` income.
Assuming this impact will sharply influence the acceptability of the instruments by the agricultural sector, we demonstrate why farmers’ acceptance is of central concern for both the design and the implementation of an environmental policy.
We further assessed the potential financial transfers that could be undertaken to increase acceptability. Our results echo scholars’ doubts about the capacity of taxes to manage irrigation water use. We suggest that a policy relying on a “well-priced” substitutable resource would be greatly favoured by farmers and potentially by policy makers, since it will sharply decrease the transaction costs arising from the implementation of the instrument.
Estimating the Demand for Sensory Quality – Theoretical Considerations and an Empirical Application to Specialty Coffee
Authors: Teuber Ramona
Published: August 2024

An increasing product differentiation coupled with an increasing availability of electronic data has boosted the number of hedonic price analyses applied to food and agricultural products. Most of these studies estimate the first stage of a complete two-stage model as proposed by ROSEN. However, there are also a few studies that estimate the second stage, i.e. supply and demand functions for characteristics. The present paper reviews both the theoretical and applied literature on Rosen’s two-stage model in the context of food and agricultural economics. Based on these findings, a theoretical model for specialty coffee auction data is proposed and tested empirically. The empirical model comprises non-linear hedonic bid functions at stage one and an inverse demand function for one characteristic, the sensory quality score (SQS), at stage two. The first-stage results indicate a high variability of the marginal price of the SQS across different auctions, i.e. across time and space. The second-stage results suggest that the marginal prices of the SQS increased in the analysed period 2003-2009 and that country-of-origin and buyer effects are important. The highest marginal prices are paid for Rwandan and Honduran coffee. At first glance, this is surprising, since at the first stage Honduran coffees are almost always sold at discounted prices compared to coffees of other origins. However, it seems that the SQS is a much more important quality cue for a coffee origin with a low reputation than for a coffee origin with a well-established reputation in the marketplace.
GEWISOLA Annual Conference 2011 (28.-30.09.2011)
Authors: GJAE
Published: August 2024

No summary available.
Production and Factor Input under Conditions of Transition: Econometric Analysis of the Production Technology of the Ukrainian Milk Processing Industry
Authors: Perekhozhuk Oleksandr , Grings Michael
Published: August 2024

In this study estimation results of alternative production functions for the Ukrainian milk processing industry at the sectoral level are presented. Several special cases of a translog production function are estimated on the basis of a data set consisting of monthly time series for the period January 1996 to December 2003. The analysis focuses on key parameters of the production technology, such as the elasticity of scale, the elasticity of substitution of production factors and the rate of technical progress. The estimation results show that neoclassical production functions are less suited for the analysis than the unrestricted translog production function. Because of the special situation of the Ukrainian milk processing industry during the transition process, it can even be misleading to describe the production technology by a neoclassical production function. Thus, the marginal product of labour turns out to be negative, which is incompatible with neoclassical production theory. However, in view of the low capacity utilization this is not implausible. The estimation results with respect to the elasticity of scale cannot be interpreted unambiguously. The rate of technical progress is 2.7 % p.a. in the second half of the investigation period, while in the first half it is negative. The size of the Allen elasticities of substitution of production factors is calculated to be almost negligible.
The Biofuel Sustainability Regulation: A First Step towards a Sustainable Bioenergy Policy, or rather, another Piece of Red Tape?
Authors: Busse Stefan , Brümmer Bernhard
Published: August 2024

At 1 January 2010, the German Biofuel Sustainability Regulation which implements the requirements set out by EU directive 2009/28/EC entered into force. For the first time, these regulations define legal sustainability standards for biomass used for energy production. The main criteria are a minimum level of greenhouse gas savings and the avoidance of negative environmental impacts. However, the analysis of these regulations casts doubt on the achievability of its targets: Rather than the desired improvement in the sustainability of biomass production, increased market segmentation is the likely outcome. A broader regulation is constrained both by its practicability (e.g. in the case of quantification of indirect effects) and by the legal framework of the WTO (use of trade distorting measures). Hence, the attempt to cover general environmental aspects and particular biofuel related sustainability aspects within one single regulatory framework seems an unpromising avenue towards improved sustainability of biomass production.
What Explains the Success of Product Innovations? An Analysis with Scanner Data for the German Market of Yoghurt
Authors: Herrmann Roland , Schröck Rebecca
Published: August 2024

A high degree of product proliferation is characteristic for many markets of processed foods, as is an increasing competition due to globalization and a further liberalization of agricultural markets. It seems increasingly important to secure market shares and sectoral income on unregulated food markets, e.g. by the successful introduction of new food products. It is the objective of this article to elaborate for a market with a high degree of product differentiation, i.e. the German yoghurt market, which determinants may affect the success of product innovations. To examine this question, scanner data are utilized. The success of innovations is measured by the revenue reached within a year after the introduction of a new product in a specified number of stores. As all selected products remained on the shelves for at least 12 months after their introduction, we compare product innovations with a minimum degree of market success among each other. Multiple regression analyses reveal that the variation of revenues across 41 new products can be explained by more than 90 % with ingredients and other attributes of the products, with the type of the marketing channel, with characteristics of the innovations and dummy variables for the names of the manufacturing firms. Interestingly, it is not so much the price premium of an innovation that matters as it is often stressed in hedonic analyses. According to our success criterion, it is more important to realize a sizeable share of the market in order to create a particularly successful new product.
Der Markt für Gemüse
Authors: GJAE
Published: August 2024

Dieser Artikel ist nur in deutscher Sprache verfügbar.
The article is only available in German language.
Biases in Farm-Level Yield Risk Analysis due to Data Aggregation
Authors: Finger Robert
Published: August 2024

We investigate biases in farm-level yield risk analysis caused by data aggregation from the farm-level to regional and national levels using the example of Swiss wheat and barley yields. The estimated yield variability decreases significantly with increasing level of aggregation, with crop yield variability at the farm-level being up to 2.38 times higher than indicated from national data. Our results show furthermore that inference on shape parameters based on aggregated data might be misleading. Using an example of farm yield insurance, we show that using crop yield variability estimates from aggregated levels leads to erroneous insurance contract specifications.
Koester, Ulrich (2010): Grundzüge der landwirtschaftlichen Marktlehre.
Authors: GJAE
Published: August 2024

Dieser Artikel ist nur in deutscher Sprache verfügbar.
The article is only available in German language.
Der Markt für Getreide und Ölfrüchte
Authors: Balkhausen Oliver , Vogel Stefan
Published: August 2024

Dieser Artikel ist nur in deutscher Sprache verfügbar.
The article is only available in German language.
Der Markt für Obst und Gemüse
Authors: Friedrich Nina , Theuvsen Ludwig
Published: August 2024

Dieser Artikel ist nur in deutscher Sprache verfügbar.
The article is only available in German language.
Der Markt für Bioenergie 2012
Authors: Emmann Carsten H. , Schaper Christian , Theuvsen Ludwig
Published: August 2024

Dieser Artikel ist nur in deutscher Sprache verfügbar.
The article is only available in German language.
Quality and Endogeneity Issues in Demand Systems: A comparative Estimation of Price and Expenditure Elasticities of the Demand for Organic and Conventional Vegetables in Germany
Authors: Schröck Rebecca
Published: August 2024

This paper provides insights into the demand of German consumers for organic and conventional vegetables. The merging of two household panels allows, for the first time, the joint analysis of the markets for fresh and frozen vegetables. The underlying panel is a unique dataset covering grocery purchases of more than 13 000 households over a period of five years. The objective of the analysis is to derive demand elasticity estimates as well as to compare the results obtained from various estimation methods. Based on a two-step LA/AIDS, additional models which take account of potential price and expenditure endogeneity as well as of seasonal, regional and quality differences, are estimated. Especially product groups with a relatively small budget share exhibit significant differences in elasticity estimates. Therefore, it seems particularly important to consider the above mentioned issues when analyzing the demand for organic food. Results suggest an inelastic demand for conventional and a somewhat elastic demand for organic vegetables. If expenditures increase, consumers raise their demand for organic vegetables at a higher rate than their demand for conventional vegetables. Cross-price elasticities appear to be asymmetric. Demand for organic vegetables is more sensitive to price changes of conventional vegetables than vice versa.
Animal Welfare in Public and Private Standards and On-Farm Compliance
Authors: Annen Dominic Norbert , Wieck Christine , Kempen Markus
Published: August 2024

This paper evaluates the animal welfare situation on cattle farms in Germany and Austria applying a multidimensional assessment framework. Using minimum requirements formulated in public legislation and private certification schemes, animal needs indices are calculated. They are subsequently compared with results from on-farm surveys. Most private certification schemes address animal welfare in their requirements but this does not necessarily result in higher levels of farm animal welfare if they only overlap with existing national standards. The on-farm evaluations showed that most farms already voluntarily over-comply with some of the standards imposed by public legislation or private labels. Thus, proposals to simply increase standards to improve farm animal welfare without considering the already implemented on-farm animal welfare level have to be evaluated with caution.
Agricultural Conservation Measures – Suggestions for their Improvement
Authors: Hampicke Ulrich
Published: August 2024

No summary available.
Konrad Hagedorn zum 65. Geburtstag
Authors: GJAE
Published: August 2024

Dieser Artikel ist nur in deutscher Sprache verfügbar.
The article is only available in German language.
Aspekte der Agrarpolitik 2012
Authors: Freier Martin , Petrick Martin , Glauben Thomas
Published: August 2024

Dieser Artikel ist nur in deutscher Sprache verfügbar.
The article is only available in German language.
Der Markt für Getreide, Ölsaaten und pflanzliche Öle
Authors: Balkhausen Oliver , Vogel Stefan
Published: August 2024

Dieser Artikel ist nur in deutscher Sprache verfügbar.
The article is only available in German language.
Der Markt für Obst und Gemüse
Authors: Friedrich Nina , Schaffarzyk Swantje , Theuvsen Ludwig
Published: August 2024

Dieser Artikel ist nur in deutscher Sprache verfügbar.
The article is only available in German language.
Market Success and Factors of Success of Cooperatives and Investor-Owned Firms: An Interfirm Comparison of German Dairies on the Basis of Key Performance Indicators
Authors: Zieseniß Roland
Published: August 2024

This paper analyzes the business performance of the German dairy industry based on the annual account data of the years from 2005 to 2007. The empirical work examines key performance indicators for the financial security and for the potential yield of the dairy industry. The interfirm comparison of dairy-cooperatives and investor-owned dairies shows significant differences between the two groups such as cooperatives have a higher performance in cooperatives of financial security and disadvantages in earnings indicators.
Discrepancies between the Intentions and Behaviour of Farm Operators in the Contexts of Farm Growth, Decline, Continuation and Exit – Evidence from Estonia
Authors: Viira Ants-Hannes , Pöder Anne , Värnik Rando
Published: August 2024

A considerable body of research on farmers’ behaviour is based on the surveys regarding their behavioural intentions. The theory of planned behaviour states that while the formation of intentions normally precedes behaviour, several factors affect the realisation of the intended behaviour. Therefore, the usefulness of ex-ante surveys for predicting farmers’ behaviour requires more attention to reduce the potential biases in such analyses. The paper investigates how well the farmers’ intentions correspond with the behaviour in cases of farm exits, continuation of farming and farm size changes in Estonia. Based on the farm survey in 2007, the follow-up survey in 2011, and paying agency’s registry data, the ex-ante data on the intentions is combined with ex-post data on actual behaviour. A recursive bivariate probit regression is used to study the effects of selected socioeconomic characteristics on the probabilities of intended and realised behaviour, and the effects of stated intentions on actual behaviour. The results indicate that the usefulness of intentions in predicting actual behaviour differs, depending on the nature of the question in the farm life cycle context. Intentions are found to be a better predictor of actual behaviour when the considered event is regarded as positive (continuation of farming and farm growth) rather than negative (farm exit or farm shrinkage).
Using a Generalized Differenced Demand Model to Estimate Price and Expenditure Elasticities for Milk and Meat in Austria
Authors: Widenhorn Andreas , Salhofer Klaus
Published: August 2024

Applying a generalized demand system approach, we estimate both current price and expenditure elasticities in the Austrian food retail market based on a dataset covering a time period of approximately ten years. Within the framework of a three-stage-budgeting approach, more disaggregated demand reactions for milk products and types of meat are estimated. Conformable with demand theory, price reactions are found to be less elastic the more aggregated the product groups are. Generally, demand for pork and beef turns out fairly price-elastic. Similarly, price reactions for cheese and milk are stronger than average estimates for European markets. Substitution patterns are more distinct than those found in a comparable study for Germany. In addition, our study indicates the importance of modeling a comprehensive budgeting process rather than isolated levels of product aggregation when deriving both price and expenditure elasticities of demand.
Meier, Uwe (Hrsg.) (2012): Agrarethik – Landwirtschaft mit Zukunft.
Authors: GJAE
Published: August 2024

Dieser Artikel ist nur in deutscher Sprache verfügbar.
The article is only available in German language.
The Impact of Payment Entitlements on Arable Land Prices and Rental Rates in Schleswig-Holstein
Authors: Hennig Solveigh , Breustedt Gunnar , Latacz-Lohmann Uwe
Published: August 2024

This paper investigates the impact of payment entitlements traded in conjunction with farmland on the prices and rental rates of arable land. The empirical analysis is based upon a survey of land rental and land purchase contracts concluded in Schleswig-Holstein between 2005 and 2011. Regression analysis is used to estimate the impact of plot attributes, farm characteristics, regional and macroeconomic factors on arable land purchase prices and rental rates. The simultaneous transfer of payment entitlements enters the models as an additional explanatory variable. The observation period is sub-divided into two phases to account for the potentially differential impact of payment entitlements before (until 2009) and during the gliding phase (2010 and after). The sample comprises 135 land purchase contracts and 213 land rental agreements. The results show that rental rates for arable land in Schleswig-Holstein, besides being influenced by other factors, are significantly higher when a payment entitlement is traded with the land. The price-increasing effect is estimated to be on average 30-35 % of the payment entitlements’ nominal value at the time of contract conclusion. The analysis does not reveal a statistically significant impact of payment entitlements on the purchase price of arable land.
Do Farmers Consider the Effects on Financial Flexibility when Making their Investment Decisions?
Authors: Anastassiadis Friederike , Mußhoff Oliver
Published: August 2024

for adaption processes which often involve leveraged investments that, in turn, cause decreasing equity capital ratios of farms. It is, therefore, possible that financial flexibility - as the farm’s debt capacity - will also decrease. The question arises to what extent decision makers consider the effects on the financial flexibility of the individual farm when making their investment decisions. In the present study, farmers are faced with hypothetical investment alternatives in a discrete choice experiment. The investment alternatives presented to the farmers differ in their profitability, risk and effect on the financial flexibility of the individual farm. The results show that financial flexibility is relevant in their investment decisions. The importance farmers attach to the financial flexibility depends, among others, on their risk attitude and the profitability of the farm.
Assessing the Criteria for and the Satisfaction with the Choice of a Graduate School: an Example from the Master Courses in Agriculture at the University of Giessen
Authors: Hildenbrand Andreas , Soviana Soviana
Published: August 2024

The knowledge of relevant criteria and important motives for the choice of a course can help a university in improving present courses and developing future courses. This knowledge will enable a university to strategically increase its attractiveness for actual and potential students. Whereas the undergraduate school choice is explored to a large extent, the graduate school choice is largely unexplored. We analyze the master courses in agriculture at the University of Giessen by conducting a survey. We use marketing research methods to analyze our survey data.
Do Different Measurements of Soil Quality Influence the Results of a Ricardian Analysis? – A Case Study on the Effects of Climate Change on German Agriculture
Authors: Schmidtner Eva , Dabbert Stephan , Lippert Christian
Published: August 2024

This study assesses the potential impact of future climate change on agricultural land rents in Germany using a Ricardian approach. In addition to including common explanatory variables, we focus on the effects of different indicators of soil characteristics when explaining land rental prices. The analysis is based on data from the official farm census 1999, weather data from the German National Meteorological Service and different soil data-bases at the county level. Different classifications of soil quality do not influence the results of our Ricardian analysis. The results of spatial error models indicate higher land rental prices for locations with more productive soils and higher mean annual temperatures. Also a lower land slope, a smaller share of rented land and (in some cases) less spring precipitation increase land rental prices. To estimate the effects of changing climatic conditions on future land rents, we draw on data from the regional climate model REMO for 2011-2040. Our models show an average land rent increase of 10-17% resulting from the expected changes in temperature and spring precipitation. According to our results future climate change will have an overall positive but spatially heterogeneous impact on the agricultural income in Germany.
Dissertationen SS 2014 – WS 2014/15 aus dem Bereich der Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften des Landbaus
Authors: GJAE
Published: August 2024

Dieser Artikel ist nur in deutscher Sprache verfügbar.
The article is only available in German language.
Der Markt für Milch und Milcherzeugnisse im Jahr 2014
Authors: Kühl Sarah , Busch Gesa , Brümmer Bernhard , Fahlbusch Markus , Spiller Achim
Published: August 2024

Dieser Artikel ist nur in deutscher Sprache verfügbar.
The article is only available in German language.
The Role of Knowledge Capital in Total Factor Productivity Changes: The Case of Agriculture in EU Countries
Authors: Kijek Tomasz , Nowak Anna , Domańska Katarzyna
Published: August 2024

The present study concerns the impact of knowledge capital on total factor productivity (TFP) changes in 27 European Union (EU) countries. The TFP analysis covered the years 2009-2013. The study conducted was based on a Malmquist productivity index. The knowledge capital was approximated through investments in research and development in the years 2000 and 2008. Furthermore, the study included
GEWISOLA-Preis 2016 für Dr. Stephanie-Carolin Grosche
Authors: GJAE
Published: August 2024

Dieser Artikel ist nur in deutscher Sprache verfügbar.
The article is only available in German language.
I Spy with my Little Eye: An Eye-tracking Study regarding the Perception and Evaluation of Pictures from Pig Fattening Barns
Authors: Busch Gesa , Gauly Sarah Arianna , Spiller Achim
Published: August 2024

In order to correct romantic ideas about livestock farming in society and to provoke acceptance of husbandry systems, there is a recent trend in the agricultural industry towards using real pictures of barns for communication purposes. Up to now there are only few studies investigating how these pictures are perceived. The current study examines how these pictures from pig fattening barns are looked at and how they are evaluated by students (without and with connection to agriculture; in the following named as citizens and farmers) to derive recommendations for the choice of pictures. Therefore, a survey is combined with eye-tracking. Pictures of a pen with fully slatted floor are evaluated negatively by citizens and different pictures of the same pen influence the evaluation. This is not the case for farmers who evaluate the pictures in a more neutral manner. However, the eye movements of farmers and citizens when viewing the pictures are very similar in general. Independent of the picture, the face regions and bodies of the animals are always viewed at first. Furthermore, we show that citizens do not recognize toys in a barn and unattractive or common pictures are viewed less. First recommendations for choosing pictures for public relations in agriculture can be drawn from the results.
Efficiency Analysis of Organic Farming Systems – A Review of Concepts, Topics, Results and Conclusions
Authors: Lakner Sebastian , Breustedt Gunnar
Published: August 2024

This article summarizes the literature on efficiency and productivity of organic farming. We distinguish between studies that concentrate on specific problems of the organic sector and studies that compare conventional and organic farms. Organic farms can on average improve their efficiency by 21%-points (SFA) and 27%-points (DEA). In comparing efficiency and productivity of organic with
Vertical Coordination in the Meat Supply Chain – The Effects of (Unlabeled) Private Standards for Animal Welfare
Authors: Höhler Julia , Kühl Rainer
Published: August 2024

Animal welfare is increasingly relevant in the public debate. As a reaction, German companies and associations in the farming, meat and retail sector intervened in the market for meat and founded an animal welfare initiative. Farmers are compensated for implemented animal welfare measures with money which is funded by retailers. The resulting meat is not labeled and thus not distinguishable from conventional meat. In our model, we show the relative merits of the initiative especially from a retailer’s point of view as compared to the introduction of labeled meat produced under restrictive practices. We combine our results with considerations on the distribution of market power and the degree of vertical coordination along the value chain for meat.
Estimating Location Values of Agricultural Land
Authors: Helbing Georg , Shen Zhiwei , Odening Martin , Ritter Matthias
Published: August 2024

“Bodenrichtwerte” reflect the average location value of land plots within a specific area. They constitute an important source of information that contributes to price transparency on land markets. In Germany, “Bodenrichtwerte” are provided by publicly appointed expert groups (Gutachterausschüsse). Using empirical data from Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania between 2013 and 2015, this article examines the relation between “Bodenrichtwerten” and statistically determined location values. It turns out that “Bodenrichtwerte” tend to underestimate location values of arable land by 11.5% on average. This underestimation can be traced back to the pronounced increase of land prices in the observation period. As an alternative to the expert-based determination of location values, we suggest a nonparametric smoothing procedure that rests on the Propagation-Separation Approach. The application of this data-driven procedure achieves an accuracy comparable to that of official “Bodenrichtwerte” at the one-year ahead prediction of location values without the requirement of expert knowledge.
Explaining the Process for Conversion to Organic Dairy Farming in Sweden: An Alternative Modelling Approach
Authors: Basnet Shyam Kumar , Manevska-Tasevska Gordana , Surry Yves
Published: August 2024

To date, the process of conversion to organic farming has been analysed as a choice between only two alternatives, conventional versus organic farming. However, the conversion process in the EU is a two-tier decision, which brings the possibility of a nested structure between mixed and organic farming. In the context of Sweden, where the conversion investment is flexible, we attempted to identify economic determinants of the organic conversion process. For that purpose, we applied the nested Logit random utility maximisation (NLRUM) model to data from the Swedish farm accounting data network for 2002-2012. The analysis showed that milk prices, milk yield and environmental support payments play a significant role in the organic conversion process. As expected, a decrease in conventional milk prices would induce conventional farms to convert to organic production. The scale of conversion to organic farming was more pronounced among dairy farms located in regions with higher environmental support payments, and in regions endowed with more pasture land and leys.
The Indiscreet Splendour of the Ottomans, or About Art for Television Series Lovers: Review of: Gimborg, A., Velikolepny vek osmanskogo iskusstva. Dvortsy, mecheti, garemy i nochnoy Bosfor [The Magnificent Age of Ottoman Art. Palaces, Mosques, Harems and the Bosphorus by Night], Moscow: Mann, Ivanov, Ferber Publ., 2023, 224 p., (In Russian)
Authors: Кононенко Е.И.
Published: August 2024

Рецензия на книгу: Гимборг А. Великолепный век османского искусства. Дворцы, мечети, гаре- мы и ночной Босфор. М.: Манн, Иванов, Фербер, 2023. 224 с.

Review of: Gimborg, A., Velikolepny vek osmanskogo iskusstva. Dvortsy, mecheti, garemy i nochnoy Bosfor [The Magnificent Age of Ottoman Art. Palaces, Mosques, Harems and the Bosphorus by Night], Moscow: Mann, Ivanov, Ferber Publ., 2023, 224 p., (In Russian).
Economia circulară în cadrul companiilor din Republica Moldova
Authors: Iurcișin Ada
Published: August 2024

In the 21st century, waste has become a problem due to the enormous amount of pollutants emitted by In the 21st century, waste has become a problem due to the enormous amount of pollutants emitted by
Aspecte ale responsabilității sociale în cadrul companiilor de producere din Republica Moldova. (În baza Companiei ”Foietaj Delicios” SRL)
Authors: Odobescu Valeria
Published: August 2024

Social responsibility is a relatively new concept in the Republic of Moldova and refers to the involvement of companies to improve the environment in which they operate, they living and working, charitable activities, etc. This article reflects some actions that a production company could implement in order to become more "friendly" with the environment. Some major problems facing the Republic of Moldova regarding the environment that surround us are presented. Following the involvement of companies in such kind of activity, they get many facilities and benefits that can help them in their continuous growth and development in the country's market. Consumers have more trust and become more loyal to the brand. Also, employees are more likely to choose and work in such companies.For these reasons, many companies from different countries (especially those whose basic activity is production) choose to develop or be involved in social responsibility campaigns.
Factori de toxicitate în cultura organizațională și măsuri de eliminare
Authors: Frunceac Alexandra
Published: August 2024

The image that some companies try to present to us in the media does not always correspond to the internal business environment. Negative culture in a business can have devastating effects on the organisation, its employees and its customers. It is also important for organisations to take steps to prevent and remedy negative culture. By taking appropriate action, organisations can create a positive culture and realise benefits for all stakeholders.
Modalități de motivare a angajaților în întreprinderea de producere. Studiu de caz
Authors: Lupan Carolina
Published: August 2024

À l'heure actuelle, la gestion des ressources humaines est devenue un domaine qui revêt une importance majeure au sein de toute organisation, quel que soit le domaine d'activité dans lequel elle évolue.Le succès de l'organisation dépend de la façon dont les employés sont motivés et se développent professionnellement, tous les processus au sein celle-ci étant le fruit du travail et de la satisfaction des personnes qui composent l'entreprise La fonction motivation, quel que soit le domaine d'activité d'une personne, a pour objectif de stimuler le salarié dans le but d'atteindre la performance. Donc, c'est la motivation qui fait travailler les gens, vraiment, et cela présente deux grands types d'action sur les ressources : financière et non financière. Le but de cette recherche est d'analyser et de déterminer les moyens de motiver les employés au sein de l'entreprise manufacturière.Et la méthode de recherche utilisée pour obtenir le résultat le plus fiable concernant la motivation des employés au sein de l'entreprise est de réaliser un questionnaire à travers lequel nous avons découvert les façons de motiver les employés dans leur perspective. En analysant les résultats obtenus, je peux mentionner que dans l'entreprise analysée, une attention particulière est accordée au processus de motivation, bien qu'il ne soit pas au plus haut niveau, il tend vers le progrès. Ainsi les collaborateurs se sentent parfaits au travail, respectés, écoutés et appréciés.
Realizarea principiilor managementului calității totale la întreprinderile autohtone
Authors: Grosu Cătălina
Published: August 2024

L'établissement de la notion de qualité et la compréhension du soutien psychologique associé permettent de développer des structures de gestion appropriées pour l'amélioration de la qualité dans les organisations qui mettent en oeuvre le système de gestion de la qualité totale. Étant donné que les processus d'entreprise sont extrêmement complexes en raison de la variété des ressources utilisées, des contraintes imposées par l'environnement externe, des difficultés à définir les caractéristiques de la qualité et à les évaluer par des mesures, une approche systématique du concept de qualité est nécessaire, en tenant compte du fait que le produit est le résultat d'un effort commun. La question de la qualité devient de plus en plus pertinente pour les biens et les services dans l'environnement hautement compétitif caractéristique d'une économie de marché. Des programmes sont mis en oeuvre dans les pays développés pour améliorer la qualité et la compétitivité des produits. Une attention particulière est accordée au développement d'indicateurs qui déterminent la capacité des entreprises à fonctionner avec qualité et à produire des produits de haut niveau. Les entreprises qui opèrent avec succès sur le marché disposent de systèmes de qualité certifiés. Ces certificats constituent une sorte de carte de visite des entreprises et sont essentiels lors de la conclusion de contrats internationaux pour la fourniture de produits. L'objectif de l'étude est d'analyser et de consolider les théories et les principes de la gestion de la qualité totale et d'identifier les liens entre les composantes de la gestion de la qualité totale et les performances des entreprises.
Riscurile în activitatea bancară
Authors: Chirilov Ionela
Published: August 2024

Les entreprises ont toujours été confrontées à des risques et à des incertitudes. Dans le système bancaire, le risque est considéré comme un phénomène qui survient au cours des opérations bancaires et qui entraîne des effets négatifs sur les activités concernées, en diminuant la qualité des services offerts ou même en réduisant les bénéfices de la banque. La gestion des risques est responsable de la gestion des risques, qui englobe toutes les techniques et méthodes utilisées pour évaluer et analyser les risques afin de les atténuer, de manière à donner à la banque la meilleure vision possible de l'avenir. Sur la base de ces considérations, cet article a été développé dans le but d'identifier les principaux risques bancaires rencontrés à la BC "Moldova- Agroindbank" S.A. Un questionnaire a ensuite été élaboré pour savoir ce que les employés de la banque dans l'une des agences savent des risques bancaires, quels sont à leur avis les plus courants rencontrés dans la pratique et si la banque se préoccupe de leur solution.
Pembuatan Video Iklan menggunakan Teknik Live Shoot dan Motion Graphic untuk Media Promosi di Instagram
Authors: Fersellia Fersellia , Nugroho Mei Aldi , Muflih Ghufron Zaida , Fahmi Fachri Fahmi Fachri
Published: August 2024

Dalam era digital saat ini, promosi melalui media visual menjadi kunci dalam memperkenalkan produk atau tempat usaha kepada masyarakat. Dengan menggunakan video sebagai media promosi, perusahaan dapat memperluas jangkauan pemasaran dan membuat informasi lebih menarik serta mudah dipahami oleh konsumen. Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh Kopi Sembilan adalah kurangnya strategi promosi yang kreatif dan menarik, serta tidak menonjolkan Unique Selling Proposition (USP) mereka dalam setiap produk yang dipromosikan. Sebagai perbandingan, pesaing mereka sudah menggunakan video untuk mempromosikan produk mereka, memberikan keunggulan kompetitif yang signifikan. Dengan mempelajari aspek kreatif dan teknis di balik pembuatan video iklan yang menggunakan teknologi live shoot dan motion graphic, penelitian ini menghasilkan sebuah video iklan yang dinilai sangat baik oleh responden, dengan total presentase 88,2%. Video ini ditayangkan di Instagram resmi Kopi Sembilan dan mendapatkan respons yang positif dari masyarakat. Meskipun demikian, penelitian ini masih memiliki beberapa kekurangan, seperti kebutuhan akan penambahan elemen kreatif seperti animasi 3D, perbaikan perataan animasi, dan penambahan dubbing suara untuk meningkatkan daya tarik visual dan audio iklan. Saran ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bahan pertimbangan bagi pengembangan selanjutnya agar promosi Kopi Sembilan menjadi lebih baik dan lebih efektif.
Terrorism and Regional Security: The Challenges of Insurgency in the Sahel
Authors: Minka Eleanor Salka , Opeyeoluwa Rotimi Olajide
Published: August 2024

This paper examines the incidences of terrorism in the Sahel region of Africa and its impact on regional security. The study suggests that terrorism festering in the Sahel is a product of bad governance and the inability of the states within the sphere of influence to exert the needed political will and corresponding action to nip in the bud the slip further down of insecurity. The study also posits that terrorism is a major hindrance to development. Using the Regional Security Complex Theory as a theoretical framework for analysis, the paper tries to explain how despondency results when regional intervention are not implemented. The paper recommends an overhaul of broader regional intervention as a matter of urgency, especially where state cannot tackle the security implications. The data used for this paper were gathered through secondary sources. These sources are textbooks, journal publications, newspapers, magazines and internet sources.
Robótica educacional: formação de docente para o enfrentamento a resistência aos avanços tecnológicos
Authors: Silva Maria Vanilza Rodrigues da , Franqueira Alberto da Silva , Guimarães Christiane Diniz , Silvany Marco Antonio , Silva Rodolfo Gonçalves da , Botelho Sandra de Oliveira , Santos Silvana Maria Aparecida Viana , Brum Yara Kirya
Published: August 2024

Este estudo investigou como a robótica educacional contribui para o desenvolvimento educacional dos alunos e a formação dos professores. O objetivo geral foi analisar o impacto da robótica educacional, identificando suas vantagens, desafios e perspectivas futuras. Utilizou-se uma metodologia de revisão bibliográfica com abordagem qualitativa, analisando artigos científicos, dissertações, teses e publicações em revistas especializadas. Os resultados mostraram que a robótica educacional aumentou a motivação e o engajamento dos alunos, melhorando seu desempenho acadêmico e desenvolvendo habilidades como pensamento crítico e resolução de problemas. No entanto, desafios como a falta de infraestrutura adequada e a resistência à mudança foram identificados. A análise revelou a necessidade de formação contínua dos professores e apoio institucional para a implementação eficaz da robótica nas escolas.  As considerações finais indicaram que, embora a robótica educacional tenha um grande potencial para transformar a educação, sua implementação requer planejamento e apoio contínuo. Recomenda-se a realização de estudos longitudinais e pesquisas que considerem variáveis culturais e socioeconômicas para complementar os achados desta pesquisa. Concluiu-se que a robótica educacional pode promover uma educação inclusiva, preparando os alunos para os desafios do século XXI.
ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Bilgi Güvenliği Yönetim Sistemi Kapsamında Bilgi Güvenliği Risk Yönetimi ve Risk Analizi
Authors: Böke Yazıcıoğlu Melis
Published: August 2024

Siber saldırılardaki artış ile bilgi güvenliği ve Bilgi Güvenliği Yönetim Sistemi (BGYS) büyük önem kazanmıştır. BGYS’yi kurmak, kurumların bilgi varlıklarını belirleyerek, önemine göre risklerini tanımlayıp yönetmesine ve iş sürekliliğini sağlamasına destek olmaktadır. BGYS’nin oluşturulması, uygulanması ve yönetilmesi sürecinde Risk Yönetim sürecini de kapsayan birçok husus bulunmaktadır. Kurumlar, farkındalık eksikliği, maliyet ve süreç yönteminin zor olması sebepleri ile bu süreci devreye almaktan çekinmektedir. Bu makale, ISO/IEC 27001:2022 standardı çerçevesinde bilgi güvenliği risk yönetimi ve analizi süreçlerini ele almakta ve kurumların bu süreçleri etkin bir şekilde nasıl uygulayabilecekleri konusuna ışık tutmaktadır. Makalede, risk analizi için kullanılan çeşitli teknikler ve metodolojiler ele alınmıştır. İnceleme sonucunda, risk yönetim metodolojilerinin değinmiş olduğu temel noktaların ve temelde işletilmesi beklenen süreçlerin aynı ya da benzer olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Risk yönetim süreci, risklerin belirlenmesi, analiz edilmesi, değerlendirilmesi, yönetilmesi ve izlenmesi adımlarından oluşur. Her bir adımın önemi ve nasıl uygulanabileceği detaylı olarak incelenmiş olup uygulama aşamasında karşılaşılabilecek zorluklar ve çözüm önerileri analiz edilerek detaylandırılmıştır. Sürecin daha net ele alınabilmesi amacıyla edinilmiş deneyimler ve literatürde yapılan araştırmalar sentezlenerek örnek senaryolara yer verilmiştir.
Seasonality in the cruise industry: Activity, prices and regionality
Authors: Espinet-Rius Josep Maria , García-Sánchez Antonio , Gassiot-Melian Ariadna
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study is to analyse and compare the seasonal pattern of activity and prices in the cruise industry, both globally and regionally (in the Mediterranean), as well as the impact of this seasonality on the cruise industry and cruise destinations. Methodologically, seasonality indices for activity and prices are calculated based on available statistics and a database of 51,129 observations from 2019. The results show that there is activity and price seasonality worldwide, although it is higher in the Mediterranean region. This supports the idea that cruise lines face less variation in activity due to seasonality, as they can reposition their ships in different regions throughout the year. The seasonality of cruise destinations is more pronounced, due to natural and institutional factors, but also to these repositioning decisions by cruise lines. A comparison of activity and price seasonality shows that prices fluctuate more globally, while activity fluctuates more regionally. The cruise lines’ strategies are reviewed in order to draw some theoretical and practical implications for understanding future trends in the industry. Suggestions are also made as to how destinations can deal with the inconveniences of seasonality in cruise destinations, such as overtourism.