bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Obras de urbanização e os impactos ambientais sobre a macrofauna bentônica: estudo de caso em uma praia do litoral cearense
Authors: Roberto dos Santos Marcos , Maia Rafaela Camargo
Published: November 2021

As zonas costeiras sofrem constantemente com processos de degradações e perdas ambientais em decorrência das constantes intervenções antropogênicas das zonas de entremarés. Essas regiões possuem uma biota diversa e adaptada que contribuem significativamente para o aumento da biomassa animal. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi monitorar a macrofauna bentônica da faixa entremarés da Praia de Arpoeiras, Acaraú - CE, durante as obras de urbanização (Ago. 17 a Set. 18). Foram coletadas 30 amostras mensalmente, totalizando 420 amostras para análise da macrofauna. Para análise das classes texturais e do teor de matéria orgânica do sedimento foram coletadas três amostras por mês. Também foram avaliados o perfil topográfico da praia e aferidos dados abióticos. Foram identificados 3050 organismos, distribuídos nas Classes Bivalvia, Gastropoda e Scaphopoda. A praia de Arpoeiras apresentou oscilações no perfil topográfico durante o período estudado. Foram observadas diferenças significativas na riqueza, abundância, índices de diversidade e composição da macrofauna bentônica ao longo do período de amostragem. Os índices ecológicos demonstram que no início das obras (Ago. a Out. 17), a diversidade foi alta quando comparada com os meses seguintes (Shannon: 1,030; Simpson: 0,477; Equabilidade: 0,386). As análises também mostram que a riqueza e a abundância da macrofauna não apresentam correlações fortes com os fatores abióticos estudados, teor de matéria orgânica e classes texturais do sedimento, sugerindo que a obra foi o principal fator que interferiu na distribuição da macrofauna. Os dados aqui apresentados poderão servir de subsídios para elaboração de medidas mitigadoras para conservação da biodiversidade uma vez que representam o primeiro passo na avaliação dos impactos ambientais nessa zona costeira, e indicam que mais estudos são necessários para a implantação de novos empreendimentos na região. Palavras-chave: Bioindicador, Diversidade, Malacofauna, Perfil topográfico.
Alla scoperta di Margherita Costa
Authors: Costa-Zalessow Natalia
Published: November 2021

In questo saggio, letto per l’apertura del Convegno Internazionale di Studi (L’Aquila, 12 aprile 2021), traccio la storia della mia scoperta della poetessa barocca Margherita Costa, che portò alla pubblicazione dell’antologia da me curata, Voice of a Virtuosa and Courtesan, Selected Poems of Margherita Costa, in cui offro una scelta delle sue poesie più notevoli. Margherita rimase dimenticata per molto tempo e non fu capita dai pochi critici che si occuparono di lei, incluso Benedetto Croce. Ma dopo aver letto i suoi quattordici libri, pubblicati fra il 1638 e il 1654, scoprii una scrittrice non solo prolifica ma versatile e originale, che coltivò diversi generi letterari, inclusi l’umorismo, l’ironia e la satira, e che osò gareggiare e polemizzare con i marinisti. Margherita Costa è l’unica poetessa italiana veramente barocca. Per illustrare queste mie conclusioni, do una serie di esempi di temi originali utilizzati da Margherita.
Margherita Costa a Parigi: La selva di Diana
Authors: De Liso Daniela
Published: November 2021

Poetessa e virtuosa, Margherita Costa esercitò la sua poligrafia in molti generi letterari e pubblicò un considerevole numero di opere ancora oggi poco note. Il contributo vuole indagare la prima opera parigina della Costa, La Selva di Diana, pubblicata nel 1647, all’arrivo dell’autrice nella capitale francese. La Selva, che contiene testi composti nel periodo romano, dunque precedenti al soggiorno francese, avrebbe dovuto costituire il “lasciapassare” per la corte francese, che rappresentava per la poetessa un nuovo inizio. L’opera, dedicata alla principessa sabauda Cristina, sorella del re di Francia, è interamente “al femminile” e ibrida di continuo l’invenzione poetica con l’autobiografia.
Literary scandal in cubo-futurism poetics and the communicative behaviour of recipients
Authors: Shvets Anna V.
Published: November 2021

The article deals with a ‘literary scandal’ as a mode and a script of communication within cubo-futurists poetic circles as far as the communication between poets and their addressees during a public performance is concerned. The latter is an essential component of the “literary everyday routine” of the poetic circles analysed. Not only does scandal betray an intention of insulting the recipient but also it is due to the scandal that the avant-garde author could find the addressee, become closer to him and make him more engaged in a poetic happening. The goal of the study (based on the evidence of cubo-futurist public performances) is to describe a scandal as a communicative script, a frame, identify a potential addressee, single out reception profiles and analyse communication orientations underlying those profiles. Drawing on the understanding of a literary scandal suggested by Reitblat, we trace a connection between a scandal and the public (recipients). According to Warner, the public are people actively par­ticipating in an event. Participatory strategies of the cubo-futurists public could be nar­rowed down to three types of reception: a sceptic, a critic, and a potential ally. Using the speech act theory (Austin, Derrida) and the actor-network theory (Callon’s opposition of framing and overflowing), we analyse how the performative utterance functions in a given context. We show how the performative utterances carrying a seed of a potential scandal were construed (or could have been construed). The article analyses the interpretation of a scandal and com­municative strategies chosen by recipients. While the critic prefers to frame the utter­ance in a predictable way by placing it into a fixed context and literally interpreting the ut­terance, the ally, on the contrary, is open to a variety of contexts and is ready to participate in a play of the pragmatic unfolding of an utterance. The latter type of reception underlies the possibility of the recipient’s creative engagement with a communicative experiment of the avant-garde.
Relationship between Pretreatment Serum Albumin Levels with the Risk of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
Authors: Mukherjee Sabyasachi
Published: November 2021

Background: Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (MPM) is a very rare and aggressive form of cancer. Recently it was found that pretreatment Serum Albumin (SA), the main circulating protein in blood is a significant prognostic factor for MPM patients. The objective of this present article is to show the relationship between pretreatment Serum albumin (SA) levels with the risk of MPM.
Methods: Generalized additive model (GAM), an advanced regression analysis method has been introduced here to find this mathematical relationship between the response variable (SA) and the cofactors.
Results: The main determinates of SA are identified - asbestos exposure, hemoglobin, disease diagnosis status (patients having MPM) are the factors having significant association with SA, whereas duration of asbestos exposure, duration of disease symptoms, total protein (TP), Pleural lactic dehydrogenise (PLD), pleural protein (PP), pleural glucose (PG) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are the significant continuous variables for SA. The non-parametric estimation part of this model shows Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and Glucose level are the significant smoothing terms. Additionally it is also found that, second and third order interactions between cofactors are highly significant for SA.
Conclusions: The findings of this present work can conclude that - serum albumin may play the role of a very significant prognostic factor for MPM disease and it has been established here through mathematical modeling. Few of the findings are already been exist in MPM research literature whereas some of the findings are completely new in the literature.
Data on the body temperature of some ophidians in the Southeast of the Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Quirosa Emma
Published: November 2021

La biología térmica es uno de los aspectos más necesarios para entender la distribución y los patrones de actividad de las especies, sobretodo de los organismos ectotermos. El presente estudio aporta información sobre temperatura corporal de seis ofidios ibéricos y temperatura ambiental para el lugar donde habitan. Para tres de las especies, Coronella girondica (Daudin 1803), Macroprotodon brevis (Günter 1862) y Hemorrhois hip­pocrepis (Linnaeus 1758), estos son los primeros datos publicados en España. En el caso de Natrix maura (Linnaeus 1758) los datos de este estudio incluyen temperatura tanto en medio acuático como en medio terrestre. En total se han obtenido 31 registros de temperatura corporal y 30 registros de temperatura ambiente. También se aportan datos sobre temperatura corporal y ambiental de Malpolon monspessulanus (Hermann 1804) y Zamenis scalaris (Schinz 1822).

Thermal biology is one of the most necessary aspects in understanding the distribution and activity patterns of species, above all of ectothermal organisms. The present study provides data on body temperature of six Iberian ophidians and the environmental temperature of the place they inhabit. For three species, southern smooth snake Coronella girondica (Daudin 1803), western false smooth snake Macroprotodon brevis (Günter 1862), and horse-shoe snake Hemorrhois hippocrepis (Linnaeus 1758), these are the first data published in Spain. In the case of Natrix maura (Linnaeus 1758), the present data include its temperature on land as well as in aquatic environments. In total, 31 body temperature records and 30 ambient temperature records were obtained. Additionally, data is given on body and environmental temperature for the ophidian species Malpolon monspessulanus (Hermann 1804) and Zamenis scalaris (Schinz 1822).
La territorialisation des politiques environnementales : jeux de négociations et effets inégalitaires
Authors: Genard Jean-Louis , Neuwels Julie
Published: November 2021

Depuis quelques années, la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale a fait des enjeux écologiques un des axes prioritaires de ses politiques urbaines. Une priorité qui a néanmoins à composer avec différents autres référentiels d’action publique : attractivité, ville créative, dynamisme économique, création d’emplois et, bien sûr, aussi justice sociale. À partir de deux cas dans lesquels les justifications environnementales ont occupé et occupent une place tout à fait centrale, la politique de performance énergétique des bâtiments et la création d’un espace piétonnier de très grande ampleur en centre-ville, l’article interroge les mesures environnementales sous l’horizon de leurs effets en termes d’égalité et d’inégalité sociales. Il souligne tout d’abord que la mise en oeuvre de politiques environnementales porte nécessairement des effets en termes de justice sociale. Il met ensuite en évidence comment les compromis inévitables entre le référentiel environnemental et ses référentiels concurrents peuvent induire des conséquences aggravant les effets inégalitaires. Il montre enfin que, souvent, n’ayant pas été ou ayant été insuffisamment anticipés, ces effets sont peu traités ou le sont au travers de mesures palliatives sans grande efficacité.
МЕДИЈСКА ЦЕНЗУРА: СЛОБОДА НАСУПРОТ ОДГОВОРНОСТИ
Authors: Манић Михајло , Симовић Слободан
Published: November 2021

Аутори у раду истичу да је медијска цензура, у мирнодопско време, знак ауторитарних режима. Медијска цензура је глобална појава која је годинама указивала на појаву информативне аномалије. Цензура одржава државу стабилном и мирном, док је основни мотив да се јавности ускрате информације које потенцијално могу угрозити власт. Светска интернетска повезаност, у савременој ери, омогућава неконтролисану покретљивост информација које пролазе кроз и изван просторних граница у минималном времену. Због тога, све већи број потрошача медија зависи од Интернета који нуди широк спектар информација. Историјски гледано, приступ вестима није био тако лак. Штампа у већини земаља Европе у 18. веку била је под драконским правилима цензуре, која се постепено умирила у 19. веку због јавне потражње. Међутим, аутократске и јако централизоване владе и даље отворено или суптилно „запошљавају» цензуру као средство против опозиције. За сузбијање информативног удара, новинари са новим технологијама, као и независни новинари информишу путем друштвених медија, мрежа, блогова и нових веб сајтова. Владе опстају употребом строгог апарата за надзор над Интернетом који ефикасно блокира веб локације и филтрира информације суптилно. Због тога је само селективним вестима дозвољено продирање кроз заштитни зид. Улога медија у друштву није ограничена само на информисање јавности. Пресудно је да медији не искористе могућност непроверених сензација које могу потенцијално нанети штету. Овај рад ће се усредсредити на анализу „информативног удара» путем медијске цензуре, подсећајући да су медији одговорни да негују толеранцију, слободу говора и мисли.
JEZIK EMOTIKONA I STIKERA U ONLAJN KOMUNIKACIJI
Authors: Herbez Darka
Published: November 2021

U ovom radu ukazujemo na upotrebu emotikona i stikera u onlajn komunikaciji. Neverbalna komunikacija putem interneta najbolje nam pokazuje kako mladi ljudi mijenjaju jezik. Rad ukazuje na upotrebu paralingvističkih elemenata u onlajn komunikaciji čiji je rezultat neka vrsta novog jezika.
TEORIJA IGARA NA PRIMERU TRGOVINSKIH ODNOSA IZMEĐU SJEDINJENIH AMERIČKIH DRŽAVA I NARODNE REPUBLIKE KINE
Authors: Stamenić Slavica
Published: November 2021

Ovaj rad pruža ilustraciju metodološkog aparata teorije igara kroz primer trgovinskih odnosa između Sjedinjenih Američkih Država i Narodne Republike Kine. Kako se na ovom primeru jasno može uočiti postojanje direktno sukobljenih interesa između glavnih aktera, autor podrobnije analizira igru zatvorenikova dilema kao najtipičniju nekooperativnu igru. SAD je uvela kaznene carine NR Kini zbog „nepoštene“ trgovinske politike koju sprovodi državnim subvencijama i veštačkom depresijacijom domaće valute, a NR Kina je na to uzvratila recipročnim uvođenjem kaznenih carina na američku robu. Na taj način ove dve ekonomski najsnažnije države sveta objavile su jedna drugoj trgovinski „rat“ i završile u suboptimalnom ishodu koji nijednoj od njih ne pruža idealnu poziciju. Autor iznosi zaključak da iako ovakvu situaciju karakterišu složene okolnosti, kao i kompleksni uslovi i okviri funkcionisanja svetske trgovine, ali takođe i ogromna međuzavisnost koja postoji između glavnih aktera naročito o pitanju trgovinske razmene, izabrane strategije su odraz individualno racionalnog strateškog odlučivanja. NR Kina, kao i SAD imaju dilemu da li nastaviti sa novim pritiscima na drugu stranu jer, iako to nije ni za njih idealna pozicija, rizikuju da odustajanjem od činjenja prođu još gore. Oni žele da maksimiziraju isključivo sopstvenu korist, ne pridajući važnosti tome kakve posledice to ima na kolektiv u kome se nalaze.
STAVOVI MEDICINSKIH SESTARA I STUDENATA SESTRINSTVA O ODLIVU ZDRAVSTVENOG KADRA
Authors: Slijepčević Vitomir , Galijašević Kenan
Published: November 2021

Nizak životni standard i visok nivo nezaposlenosti stanovništva u Bosni i Hercegovini je glavni razlog ekonomskih migracija na našem prostoru. Demografske i ekonomske promjene u Zapadnoj Evropi uslovile su nedostatak zdravstvenih, informatičkih i kadrova drugih usmjerenja, a što predstavlja povoljno tlo za odlazak stručnih kadrova iz naše zemlje. Cilj ovog istraživanja je da se ispitaju stavovi medicinskih sestara/tehničara i studenata strukovnih studija sestrinstva o razlozima i interesima odliva zdravstvenog kadra iz BiH. Shodno tome nameće se i osnovno pitanje ovog istraživanja: „Da li i zašto medicinske sestre/tehničari žele da odu na rad u inostranstvo?“ U odgovoru na postavljeni cilj istraživanja koristili smo osnovne metode naučnog istraživanja: analizu, sintezu, komparativnu analizu i druge metode, a čijom primjenom smo vršili obradu, apstrahovanje i provjeru dobijenih rezultata. Za utvrđivanje statističke značajnosti dobijenih rezultata istraživanja koristili smo X2 test. Rezultati provedenog istraživanja pokazali su da medicinske sestre žele da odu na rad u inostranstvo, a kao glavni razlozi navode se finansijski efekti i sigurnost. Provedeno istraživanje pokazalo je da medicinske sestre nisu zadovoljne postojećim stanjem u zdravstvenom sistemu zemlje i da bi unapređenje rada i povećanje primanja uticalo na njihov ostanak u zemlji.
STRATEGIJSKI EKO (GREEN) MENADŽMENT – BEZBEDNOSNA DIMENZIJA
Authors: Korać Safet
Published: November 2021

Pojam zelene ekonomije nije nov. Ona se samo sve više pominje u poslednjoj deceniji, imajući u vidu da raste globalni interes za probleme u životnoj sredini i da klimatske promene polako preuzimaju primat vodeće teme u svetu. Sve više sazreva mišljenje da globalna ekonomija, zasnovana na potrošnji fosilnih goriva za proizvodnju energije, nije održiva. Povećanje emisija gasova staklene bašte praćeno uništavanjem ili narušavanjem eko-sistema dramatično povećava rizik izloženosti ljudske vrste prirodnim katastrofama, dok istovremeno smanjuje naše sposobnosti prilagođavanja. Ukoliko želimo da naša budućnost bude na neki način sigurnija, ekonomija se mora promeniti tako da ljudsko blagostanje bude ostvareno, ali bez pratećeg uništavanja eko-sistema od kojih to blagostanje u velikoj meri zavisi.
Innovative economy: barrier or impulse for the development of borderline-dangerous conditions of meso-formations
Authors: Samoilova Liudmila Konstantinovna
Published: November 2021

The analysis of the provisions of economic science reveals the need for replacing the resource-based economy for innovative, which is explained by the growing scarcity of economic resources in the context of increasing demands of the actors for economic goods. However, most scientific elaborations focus solely on the positive consequences of implementation of innovations, rather than negative caused by the unwillingness of economic entities to innovative changes due to shortage of resources, scant involvement of the government agencies of meso-level in the process of simulating innovative initiatives, low interest of the end consumer in the innovative product. The goal of this article lies in substantiation of feasibility of using individual approach towards meso-formations in the context of switching the economic course, which would take into account the internal territorial peculiarities and impede the emergence of borderline-dangerous conditions. Assessment is conducted on the readiness of regional economies for innovative changes, which confirming high differentiation of meso-formations by a number of criteria that reflect the state of the local innovative environment. Based on the calculations and subsequent analysis carried out on the resource capacity of the territories, the author concluded on infeasibility of application of the “typical” rearrangement of the vector of their socioeconomic development.
Recent trends in the development of legal regulation in the sphere of ensuring information security of the judicial system in the Russian Federation
Authors: Duben' Andrei  Kirillovich
Published: November 2021

This article explores the questions of information security in the conditions of digital transformation and improvement of state administration. The author analyzes the impact of these challenges upon the judicial system overall and legal support of information security. Considering the existing scientific research and foreign experience, the conclusion is made on modernization of digital interaction on the issues of notifying the parties about the court hearing. Special attention is given to the institution of identification. Vectors in the development of complex institution of identification in the conditions of digital transformation are outlined. The author analyzes the case law material of the courts of general jurisdiction pertaining to personal data protection of a particular category of citizens; as well as substantiates the importance of digital notification of the parties to court proceedings for preventing the abuse of procedural rights by unconscientious participants. The author believes that formalization of prohibition on posting court documents online, in cases involving military personnel or persons doing military service, would ensure personal data protection of a particular category of citizens. . The conclusion is made that the highlighted issues of ensuring information security in the context of administration of justice testify to poor legal regulation of the institutions of identification and personal data. The consolidation of the uniform principles of legal regulation of relations that arise in the process of consideration and resolution of court cases with the use of information and telecommunications technologies, would allow countering the new challenges and threats in the information sphere, as well as the impact of globalization upon determination of the national strategy for the development of information society.
Riflesso della menzogna nella transgenerazionalità
Authors: Acquarini Elena
Published: November 2021

Truth and lies share an element of (in)authenticity that is the affect of associated cognition. Such elements can interfere with relationships and assist – or jeopardize – the individual development path. A lie often veils a reality made of horribly empty spaces which are only inhabited by conflicts caused by the imperfect functioning of that very reality. Identity development may be affected by compliance with ancient masks that are not accessible to subjects – as these masks are not the subjects’ own, but are based on the experiences of the people who preceded them in their family history. These mechanisms often have a traumatic motivation, which apparently remains unprocessed because of a lack of mobilization of the necessary psychic resources. In the transgenerational transmission of family histories, the characteristics of unthinkability and untoldness of the historical-narrative foundations that have come to constitute a lie can generate reflections which are impermeable to historical objectivity. This could be the basis of existential possibilities and psychopathological vulnerabilities.
Lies from Outer Space: The Martians’ Famous Invasion of New Jersey
Authors: Calanchi Alessandra
Published: November 2021

Over the course of time, people have been told many lies concerning the Red Planet. Maybe the most renowned one dates back to the late 1880s, when, owing to an error in translation, scientists were led to believe in the existence of canals on its surface – canals instead of channels – which meant that Mars must be inhabited. More recently, in 1976, a lively discussion arose about the “face on Mars”, something that was spotted by the Viking 2 spacecraft in the region of Cydonia and was later dismissed as a mesa whose unusual shadows had cheated the eye. But the biggest lie of all was told in 1938, when a young actor (Orson Welles) decided to play a Halloween trick with the help of the then-rising medium – the radio. It was not really a lie in the strictest sense of the term. It was not a hoax or a fake, either – it was, in narratological terms, what is commonly called the suspension of disbelief pushed to its extreme. In this essay I am going to reconsider this event mainly in the light of two main conditions concerning lying, namely untruthfulness and the intention to deceive. Our specific case is further complicated by a third factor, that is the fact that somebody lies to someone who is believed to be listening in but who is not being addressed. I will also highlight the aftermath of this mass deception which, despite being followed by a number of disclaimers, actually overturned the utopian portrait of Martians, initiating a long literary and filmic theory of alien invasions.
Il paradosso del mentitore
Authors: Di Caro Alessandro
Published: November 2021

The liar paradox is an ancient logical paradox (revisited by modern thinkers) which links truth with falsehood and falsehood with truth, and is based on a self-referential mechanism. It has been discussed by a variety of authors, from Aristotle to Bateson. The solution to that paradox, however, can be found by having recourse to Ludwig Wittgenstein’s philosophy, and by, so to speak, getting out of language (because true and false are words which belong to our language) to attain reality. This can be expressed through Wittgenstein’s idea that no proposition can say of itself whether it is true or false. However, experience is also expressible in words – and one can think of propositions which cannot be confirmed or disproved according to experience. Studying the paradox, therefore, leads one to Gödel’s theorem which offers a mathematical demonstration of the existence of undecidable propositions.
Attraverso la frode: la Commedia come conquista della verità della parola
Authors: Punzi Arianna
Published: November 2021

This article analyzes the structural relationship between falsehood and truth within Dante’s Comedy. The centrality of this relationship is also numerical: it recurs in all three parts of the work, and in each one of them it occupies the central section, with the ostensible purpose of placing Dante’s poetic voice at the very heart of everything, as a harbinger of truth.
Recognition & Rewards in the Netherlands
Authors: Huijpen Kim , Aspaas Per Pippin
Published: November 2021

In this episode, Kim Huijpen from the Association of Universities in the Netherlands (VSNU) tells about the programme following the publication of Room for Everyone's Talent, a position paper aiming for a wholescale overhaul of the practices of research assessment in the Netherlands. The podcast interview was made in conjunction with the 16th Munin Conference on Scholarly publishing in November 2021 (see abstract and video recording of Kim Huijpen's conference paper).

The nation-wide follow-up programme, named Recognition & Rewards, is coordinated by Kim Huijpen. In her dialogue with stakeholder at Dutch institutions, she often meets dilemmas and concerns that are familiar from similar debates in other countries. Nevertheless, more and more institutions are now implementing the the principles and guidelines laid out in the 2019 position paper, thereby stimulating the growth of open science practices and the diversification of career paths in Dutch academia. The on-going process can be followed on several platforms, including:

Twitter: https://twitter.com/recogrewards?lang=en LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/recognition-rewards/Youtube: Recognition & Rewards playlist Newsletter: https://recognitionrewards.nl/blog/newsletter-recognition-rewards/DORA Repository: Updated information on the Dutch Recognition & Rewards Programme 

See also a recap of the Recognition & Rewards Festival (January 2021) and recorded webinars on rewarding teaching (November 2020). A summary of The Dutch Recognition & Rewards Programme can also be found in the DORA Repository
Performance in mortality prediction of SAPS 3 And MPM-III scores among adult patients admitted to the ICU of a private tertiary referral hospital in Tanzania: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kassam Nadeem , Aghan Eric , Somji Samina , Aziz Omar , Orwa James , Surani Salim R.
Published: November 2021

Background

Illness predictive scoring systems are significant and meaningful adjuncts of patient management in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). They assist in predicting patient outcomes, improve clinical decision making and provide insight into the effectiveness of care and management of patients while optimizing the use of hospital resources. We evaluated mortality predictive performance of Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS 3) and Mortality Probability Models (MPM0-III) and compared their performance in predicting outcome as well as identifying disease pattern and factors associated with increased mortality.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study of adult patients admitted to the ICU of the Aga Khan Hospital, Dar- es- Salaam, Tanzania between August 2018 and April 2020. Demographics, clinical characteristics, outcomes, source of admission, primary admission category, length of stay and the support provided with the worst physiological data within the first hour of ICU admission were extracted. SAPS 3 and MPM0-III scores were calculated using an online web-based calculator. The performance of each model was assessed by discrimination and calibration. Discrimination between survivors and non–survivors was assessed by the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) and calibration was estimated using the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test.

Results

A total of 331 patients were enrolled in the study with a median age of 58 years (IQR 43-71), most of whom were male (n = 208, 62.8%), of African origin (n = 178, 53.8%) and admitted from the emergency department (n = 306, 92.4%). In- hospital mortality of critically ill patients was 16.1%. Discrimination was very good for all models, the area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve for SAPS 3 and MPM0-III was 0.89 (95% CI [0.844–0.935]) and 0.90 (95% CI [0.864–0.944]) respectively. Calibration as calculated by Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test showed good calibration for SAPS 3 and MPM0-III with Chi- square values of 4.61 and 5.08 respectively and P–Value > 0.05.

Conclusion

Both SAPS 3 and MPM0-III performed well in predicting mortality and outcome in our cohort of patients admitted to the intensive care unit of a private tertiary hospital. The in-hospital mortality of critically ill patients was lower compared to studies done in other intensive care units in tertiary referral hospitals within Tanzania.
Construct validity and internal consistency of the Breast Inflammatory Symptom Severity Index in lactating mothers with inflammatory breast conditions
Authors: Heron Emma , McArdle Adelle , Karim Md Nazmul , Cooper Melinda , Geddes Donna , McKenna Leanda
Published: November 2021

Background

Inflammatory Conditions of the Lactating Breast (ICLB) affect more than one in five lactating mothers, yet no fully validated outcome measures exist to aid clinicians in their patient-centred care of women with ICLB. The Breast Inflammatory Symptom Severity Index (BISSI) is an ICLB-specific clinician administered patient-reported outcome measure, currently used by Australian clinicians, who treat mothers with ICLB. To date the BISSI has undergone partial psychometric development. This study, therefore, aimed to undertake the next stage of psychometric development by determining the construct validity and internal consistency of the BISSI.

Methods

A retrospective audit was conducted on patient records of 160 mothers who were treated for ICLB, at a private physiotherapy practice in Melbourne, Australia. An electronic data capture tool was used to collate BISSI scores and associated ICLB assessment variables. Construct validity was determined through factor analysis and discriminant performance. Reliability was determined by assessing measures of internal consistency.

Results

Factor analysis established that BISSI items (n = 10) loaded on to four factors, Wellness, Pain, Physical Characteristics of Affected Area (PCAA), and Inflammation, which together, explained 71.2% of variance. The remaining item (‘Wellness/sickness unspecified’) did not load. Wellness, Pain, PCAA and Inflammation factors individually and collectively displayed the ability to discriminate symptom severity, as scores were significantly higher in mothers with high symptom severity (assessed via AUC close to or >0.7 and P value <0.005 for each factor). The BISSI demonstrated internal consistency with an overall Cronbach alpha of 0.742.

Conclusions

The BISSI has adequate construct validity, demonstrating behaviour consistent with theoretical constructs of inflammation severity, via its dimensionality and ability to discriminate symptom severity. The BISSI also has adequate internal consistency demonstrating reliability. Therefore, clinicians can have confidence that the BISSI is valid, the individual item scores are correlated, and the concepts are consistently measured.
Influence of Bio-fertilizers and Botanicals on GrowthYield and Yield Attributes of Field Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Var. (Azad Pea-3)
Authors: Sai Mrudula P. Navya , Dayal Abhinav , Kumar Rai Prashant , Lal G. M. , Thomas Neha
Published: November 2021

The Field Experiment was conducted at Field Experimentation Centre, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sam Higginbottom University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Prayagraj (U.P) during the year 2020-2021.The Experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design with 13 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments were T0 - Control, T1- Azotobacter @ 3g, T2-Azotobacter @ 5g ,T3- Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria @ 3g, T4-Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria @ 5g, T5- Azospirillum @ 3g, T6-Azospirillum@ 5g,T7- Rhizobium @ 3g, T8-Rhizobium @ 5g , T9- Moringa leaf extract @1%, T10-Moringa leaf  extract @3%, T11- Lantana camera leaf extract @1%, T12-Lantana camera leaf extract @ 3% with a soaking duration of 8 hours. The results showed that seeds primed with T8- Rhizobium @ 5g improved Field emergence percentage, growth, yield and yield attributing traits followed by T7-Rhizobium @ 3g and T4- PSB@ 5g. The least performance was observed in T0-Control when compared with the other treatments.  This it indicated that the process of seed treatment by bio-fertilizers may be the  better option for seed growers to achieve higher seed yield and yield attributes in Pea.
Antidoping Concept of Play Clean to Win Clean: Implication of Herbal Supplements uses for Athletes in Competitive Sports
Authors: Fonmboh John Dobgima , Fokunang Estella Achick Tembe , Rose Ngono Mballa , Wango Tama , Ejoh Richard Abah , Kaba Nubia Christian , Disake Michel , Ngogang Jeane Yonkeu , Ndjana Robert , Fokunang Charles Ntungwen
Published: November 2021

The popularity of doping in competitive sports is relevant for all those involved in sports, particularly for evaluating anti-doping policy measures. However, there is a gap of information that addresses this subject so far. As a consequence, the prevalence of doping in competitive sports in resource limited countries is unknown. Even though it is challenging to uncover the exact prevalence of herbal products with prohibited activity such as doping, various methods put in place by world antidoping agency (WADA) have now been adopted to uncover parts of this particular problem, and enables the circumvention to some extend the issues of honesty, definition problems and the limits of pharmacological evidence. It is evident that current doping control test results can show a distinct underestimation of true doping prevalence in low middle income countries (LMIC). Nowadays, doping is a critical issue at international levels of sporting competitions. Athletes’ use of herbal supplements has seen a significant increase in the past two decades. At the top of the list of popular herbs used in sports are echinacea and ginseng, whereas garlic, St. John’s wort, soybean, ephedra and others are also gaining popularity or have been historically prevalent. Despite the increasing popularity of herbal supplements, recent events have illustrated possible concerns regarding efficacy and safety of herbal supplements usage. Remarkable sports performances at the end of the 20th century raised suspicions about herbal supplement use by athletes, prompting the formation of WADA. With WADA creation it was not long when the deaths of two professional athletes raised concerns that the herbal supplement ephedra, may have contributed to their deaths. These events and others have prompted clinicians and scientists to reexamine and evaluate the role of herbal supplements in competitive sports. This review attempts to give an insight into the use of herbal supplement in doping within the concept of play clean to win clean. An attempt has been made to provide guidance on the efficacy and side effect of most used herbal supplements found in sporting activities, especially in international competitive sports.
Diagnosis and Treatment Planning for Dental Implants – A Review
Authors: Saransh . , Khan Yasir S. , Jain Nikita , Dubey Divya
Published: November 2021

Establishing and arriving at a diagnosis is the key to treatment planning and often practitioners tend to create a treatment plan overlooking the fundamental principles that must be taken into consideration prior to performing implant surgeries. The sequential process of clinical examination, laboratory tests, radiographic analysis, diagnostic protocols, casts wax ups, along with the treatment needs and desires of the patient have to be factored in for the overall diagnosis and prognosis of implant therapy. A step-by-step methodology has been created to help the implant practitioner with a checklist that aims to create the optimal treatment plan for each case.
Rapid Urease Test vs Histopathological Examination: A Prospective Study to Compare the Accuracy of Both Tests in the Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Karthikeyan R. , Sundaravadanan B. S.
Published: November 2021

Background: Helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative bacterium that causes chronic gastritis and plays important role in peptic ulcer disease, gastric carcinoma, and gastric lymphoma. The main aim and objective of the study were to study the incidence of H. pylori. To find the efficacy of rapid urease test (RUT) and histopathological examination of gastric biopsy in diagnosing H. pylori organism.

Methods: This study was conducted at saveetha medical college and hospitals for 6 months. A comparative study between rapid urease test and histopathological examination to diagnose H. pylori infection. Some 100 patient with gastritis was taken for this study.

Result: A total No of patients 100 (100%) were taken for this study in which 64 patients were detected positive for H. pylori by RUT method and 63 patients were detected positive for H. pylori by HPE method.The total no of cases positive for both RUT and HPE is 60.An association between RUT and HPE finding in the study group with the sensitivity being 95.24%, specificity being 89.19%, positive predictive value 93.75%, negative predictive valve 91.67% and accuracy 93.00%.

Conclusion: Our study shows when comparing rapid urease test and histopathological examination. RUT and HPE show the same level of accuracy in the diagnosis of H. pylori infection. Since the rapid urease test is a rapid technique to perform so it is a good alternative for histological examination in a resource-poor environment.
Using Combinatorial Inkjet Printing for Synthesis and Deposition of Metal Halide Perovskites in Wavelength‐Selective Photodetectors
Authors: Schröder Vincent R. F. , Hermerschmidt Felix , Helper Sabrina , Rehermann Carolin , Ligorio Giovanni , Näsström Hampus , Unger Eva L. , List-Kratochvil Emil J. W.
Published: November 2021

Metal halide perovskites have received great attention in recent years, predominantly due to the high performance of perovskite solar cells. The versatility of the material, which allows the tunability of the bandgap, has led to its use in light‐emitting diodes, photo, and X‐ray detectors, among other optoelectronic device applications. Specifically in photodetectors, the tunability of the bandgap allows fabrication of spectrally selective devices. Utilizing a combinatorial inkjet printing approach, multiple perovskite compositions absorbing at specific wavelengths in a single printing step are fabricated. The drop‐on‐demand capabilities of inkjet printing enable the deposition of inks in a precise ratio to produce specific perovskite compositions in the printed thin film. By controlling the halide ratio in the compositions, a mixed halide gradient ranging from pure MAPbI3via MAPbBr3to MAPbCl3is produced. The tunability in the absorption onset from 410 to 790 nm is demonstrated, covering the whole visible spectrum, with a precision of 8 nm steps for MAPb(BrxCl1−x)3compositions. From this range of mixed halide perovskites, photodetectors which show spectral selectivity corresponding to the measured absorption onset are demonstrated, paving the way for use in a printed visible light spectrometer without the need for a dispersion element.
Degradable Hydrogel Adhesives with Enhanced Tissue Adhesion, Superior Self‐Healing, Cytocompatibility, and Antibacterial Property
Authors: Yang Yili , Shi Kai , Yu Keman , Xing Feiyue , Lai Haiwang , Zhou Yingshan , Xiao Pu
Published: November 2021

Degradable hydrogel adhesives with multifunctional advantages are promising to be candidates as hemostatic agents, surgical sutures, and wound dressings. In this study, hydrogel adhesives are constructed by catechol‐conjugated gelatin from natural resource, iron ions (Fe3+), and a synthetic polymer. Specifically, the latter is prepared by the radical ring‐opening copolymerization of a cyclic ketene acetal monomer 5,6‐benzo‐2‐methylene‐1,3‐dioxepane and N‐(2‐ethyl p‐toluenesulfonate) maleimide. By the incorporation of ester bonds in the backbone and the combination with quaternary ammonium salt pendants in the polymer, it exhibits excellent degradability and antibacterial property. Remarkably, doping the synthetic polymer into the 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylacetic acid‐modified gelatin network forms a semi‐interpenetrating polymer network which can effectively improve the rigidity, tissue adhesion, and antibacterial property of fabricated hydrogel adhesives. Moreover, non‐covalent bonds from coordination interaction between catechol and Fe3+ contribute to the fast self‐healing of the developed hydrogel adhesives. These hydrogel adhesives with the multiple merits including the degradability, enhanced tissue adhesion, superior self‐healing, good cytocompatibility, and antibacterial property show the great potential to be used as tissue adhesives in biomedical fields.
Unraveling Anionic Redox for Sodium Layered Oxide Cathodes: Breakthroughs and Perspectives
Authors: Ren Haixia , Li Yu , Ni Qiao , Bai Ying , Zhao Huichun , Wu Chuan
Published: November 2021

Sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) as the next generation of sustainable energy technologies have received widespread investigations for large‐scale energy storage systems (EESs) and smart grids due to the huge natural abundance and low cost of sodium. Although the great efforts are made in exploring layered transition metal oxide cathode for SIBs, their performances have reached the bottleneck for further practical application. Nowadays, anionic redox in layered transition metal oxides has emerged as a new paradigm to increase the energy density of rechargeable batteries. Based on this point, in this review, the development history of anionic redox reaction is attempted to systematically summarize and provide an in‐depth discussion on the anionic redox mechanism. Particularly, the major challenges of anionic redox and the corresponding available strategies toward triggering and stabilizing anionic redox are proposed. Subsequently, several types of sodium layered oxide cathodes are classified and comparatively discussed according to Na‐rich or Na‐deficient materials. A large amount of progressive characterization techniques of anionic oxygen redox is also summarized. Finally, an overview of the existing prospective and the future development directions of sodium layered transition oxide with anionic redox reaction are analyzed and suggested.
Additive Manufacturing of Ti3C2‐MXene‐Functionalized Conductive Polymer Hydrogels for Electromagnetic‐Interference Shielding
Authors: Liu Ji , Mckeon Lorcan , Garcia James , Pinilla Sergio , Barwich Sebastian , Möbius Matthias , Stamenov Plamen , Coleman Jonathan N. , Nicolosi Valeria
Published: November 2021

The ongoing miniaturization of devices and development of wireless and implantable technologies demand electromagnetic interference (EMI)‐shielding materials with customizability. Additive manufacturing of conductive polymer hydrogels with favorable conductivity and biocompatibility can offer new opportunities for EMI‐shielding applications. However, simultaneously achieving high conductivity, design freedom, and shape fidelity in 3D printing of conductive polymer hydrogels is still very challenging. Here, an aqueous Ti3C2‐MXene‐functionalized poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate ink is developed for extrusion printing to create 3D objects with arbitrary geometries, and a freeze–thawing protocol is proposed to transform the printed objects directly into highly conductive and robust hydrogels with high shape fidelity on both the macro‐ and microscale. The as‐obtained hydrogel exhibits a high conductivity of 1525.8 S m–1 at water content up to 96.6 wt% and also satisfactory mechanical properties with flexibility, stretchability, and fatigue resistance. Furthermore, the use of the printed hydrogel for customizable EMI‐shielding applications is demonstrated. The proposed easy‐to‐manufacture approach, along with the highlighted superior properties, expands the potential of conductive polymer hydrogels in future customizable applications and represents a real breakthrough from the current state of the art.
Cellular Nanosponges for Biological Neutralization
Authors: Wang Shuyan , Wang Dan , Duan Yaou , Zhou Zhidong , Gao Weiwei , Zhang Liangfang
Published: November 2021

Biological neutralization represents a general strategy that deploys therapeutic agents to bind with harmful molecules or infectious pathogens, block their bioactivity, and thus prevent them from causing the diseases. Here, a comprehensive review of using cell‐membrane‐coated nanoparticles, namely “cellular nanosponges,” as host decoys for a wide range of biological neutralization applications is provided. Compared to traditional neutralization strategies, the cellular nanosponges stand out by mimicking susceptible host cells rather than accommodating the structures of the causative agents for the design of therapeutics. As all pathological agents must interact with host cells for bioactivity, nanosponges bypass the diversity of these agents and create function‐driven and broad‐spectrum neutralization solutions. The review focuses on the recent progress of using this new nanomedicine platform for neutralization against five primary pathological agents, including bacterial toxins, chemical toxicants, inflammatory cytokines, pathological antibodies, and viruses. Existing studies have established cellular nanosponges as versatile tools for biological neutralization. A thorough review of the cellular nanosponge technology is expected to inspire more refined cellular nanosponge designs and unique neutralization applications to address unsolved medical problems.
Interactions Between Graphene‐Based Materials and Biological Surfaces: A Review of Underlying Molecular Mechanisms
Authors: Chen Yanyan , Pandit Santosh , Rahimi Shadi , Mijakovic Ivan
Published: November 2021

Understanding the underlying molecular mechanism of how graphene materials (GMs) interact with biological surfaces is the key to develop safe and effective biomedical applications of GMs. Here, a systematic and comprehensive mechanistic perspective of interactions between pristine GMs and biological membranes is provided. To this end, first the known mechanisms of interaction between GMs and membrane components are summarized and classified, with a focus on phospholipids, cholesterol, and membrane proteins. Both experimental observations and computational simulations are included. Detailed experimental conditions and physiochemical properties of GMs are listed for each cited application. At the end of this review, current challenges and conflicts that limit biomedical applications of GMs are discussed. Based on reported mechanisms, guidelines for future studies to address the remaining challenges are proposed, specifically with respect to modulating the intrinsic properties of GMs for more efficient and safer therapeutic applications.