bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Food allergy prevention, including early food introduction
Authors: Leonard Stephanie A.
Published: September 2020

As the prevalence of immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated food allergy continues to increase without an imminent cure, prevention has become an urgent need. A breakthrough study that shows that early consumption of peanut can prevent the development of peanut allergy has led for a push in
early interventions. Theories associated with the increasing prevalence of food allergy lend themselves to areas of potential intervention, e.g., age at time of food introduction, infant feeding practices, microbiome influences, diet composition, vitamin D deficiency, and increasing rates
of eczema. This review focused on the available data from studies that investigated early interventions to decrease the risk of food allergy.
Pathophysiology of immunoglobulin E‐mediated food allergy
Authors: Shreffler Wayne G.
Published: September 2020

The pathophysiology of immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated food allergy has been understood on a superficial level for several decades. Surveillance by dendritic cells for exogenous antigens leads to a high-affinity IgE response that arms effector cells (sensitization), such that subsequent
exposures can trigger a type 1 hypersensitivity recall response. However, merely scratching the surface, whether confronting unmet needs in a clinical setting or probing the basic immunology of allergic immunity, quickly reveals the many unmet fundamental questions that lie there. This review
article focused on the following such questions. Why are common allergens common? How does sensitization most often occur? How is IgE maintained over long time periods, even in the apparent absence of exposure? What distinguishes sensitization from clinical allergy? Can we stratify risk (i.e.,
sensitivity and severity)? What distinguishes the pathophysiology of non‐IgE-mediated allergy when so much of it seems to overlap?
Psychosocial issues and quality of life associated with food allergy
Authors: Kachru Rita
Published: September 2020

The day-to-day challenges involved in caring for a child with food allergies can be a significant stress within a family. As the child with a food allergy grows up, developmental changes as well as external influences such as bullying and peer pressure can further influence these stressors.
When the child with a food allergy is young, the family may be limited on where they can vacation or go out to restaurants, which can cause tension and frustration within the family. Hypervigilance and fear of accidental exposure to the allergen takes an emotional and physical toll on the
child with a food allergy and the child’s family. Socially, children with a food allergy may have to limit participation in school events, parties, or camps. These limitations can cause feelings of isolation for the child and feelings of guilt for the parents. As the child becomes an
adolescent and young adult (AYA), increased autonomy of dining options and a desire to fit in with peers can trigger higher risk-taking behavior, which can be a source of anxiety for the AYA as well as the caregivers. The aim of this review was to describe potential negative psychosocial impacts
of having a food allergy for the family. Data were reviewed from a literature search of medical literature data bases between 2010 and 2020 by using the search terms “food allergy,” “psychosocial,” “anxiety,” and” quality of life.” As we better
recognize the psychosocial issues associated with food allergies, we will have a better ability to develop effective interventions to improve the quality of life for these families.
Food Allergy: Labelling and exposure risks
Authors: Odisho Nora , Carr Tara F. , Cassell Heather
Published: September 2020

In the United States, food allergen labeling is regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration with the implementation of the Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act in 2006 that requires packaged foods to clearly indicate the presence of any milk, egg, peanut, tree nuts,
wheat, soybeans, fish, and crustacean shellfish. Educating patients and their families how to read food labels includes reading the ingredients list as well as the declaration statement that begins with “Contains.” In addition, there is widespread use of precautionary advisory
labeling, and patients should be counseled that these precautionary statements are not mandatory and not regulated and, therefore, do not necessarily identify foods with allergen contamination. An allergic reaction to undeclared food allergens as well as complacency with label reading, including
precautionary advisory statements, remains a relevant risk for patients with food allergy.
Food allergy epidemiology and racial and/or ethnic differences
Authors: Jiang Jialing , Warren Christopher M. , Browning Rebekah L. , Ciaccio Christina E. , Gupta Ruchi S.
Published: September 2020

In recent decades, immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated food allergy has become a growing public health concern. Converging evidence from cross-sectional prevalence studies, health care utilization records, and cohort studies indicate that food allergies are increasingly prevalent and often
severe. Although IgE-mediated food allergy has long been considered a predominantly pediatric concern, analysis of recent self-reported data suggests that food allergies may be more prevalent among adult populations than previously acknowledged, with many reported cases of adult-onset allergies
as well as persistent childhood-onset allergies. Results of studies also suggest that food allergy‐related health care utilization is increasing as more individuals seek emergency treatment for food-induced anaphylaxis. Analysis of epidemiologic data also indicates that the burden of
food allergies is unequally distributed. Published prevalence rates are highest in Western countries, e.g., the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia. Within these countries, there also is heterogeneity across racial and/or ethnic groups, with non-White and second-generation
immigrant populations disproportionately affected. Importantly, such observations can shed light on the etiology of food allergy and inform improved clinical management, treatment, and prevention efforts. For example, there is a growing consensus that earlier introduction of allergenic foods,
e.g., peanut, promotes oral tolerance and can dramatically reduce food allergy risk. In addition, much attention has been paid to the potentially deleterious effects of cutaneous allergen exposure, e.g., through eczematous skin, which can skew the immune response away from tolerance
and toward allergic sensitization, thereby increasing food allergy risk. Furthermore, there is a growing appreciation for the potential protective effects of diverse microbial exposures, given mounting evidence for the immunomodulatory effects of the human microbiome. Also, when considering
the geographic variability in the prevalence of certain food and environmental allergies as well as their structural similarities at the molecular level, it is believed that co-sensitization between food and environmental allergens may be a key driver of rising food allergy prevalence.
Xây dựng mô hình thực nghiệm nghiên cứu tương tác đất nền - kết cấu dưới tải trọng động đất
Authors: Nguyễn Trung Kiên , Huỳnh Văn Quân , Nguyễn Thành Tâm
Published: September 2020

Trên cơ sở kết cấu thực và các thiết bị hiện có trong phòng thí nghiệm, bài báo sẽ trình bày một cách chi tiết quá trình xây dựng mô hình thực nghiệm để đảm bảo tính chính xác của kết quả. Trong thí nghiệm đề xuất, tải trọng động đất được thay thế bằng bàn rung gia tải, địa chất công trình được thay thế bằng hộp đất dạng tường cứng, kết cấu phần trên có dạng khối lượng tập trung. Kết quả thực nghiệm là lịch sử chuyển vị của kết cấu phần trên. Ngoài ra, ảnh hưởng của chiều sâu chôn móng đến ứng xử của kết cấu phần trên cũng được khảo sát trong bài báo này.
Who's Afraid of the Big Bad Wolf? Open-Chain Exercises After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Noehren Brian , Snyder-Mackler Lynn
Published: September 2020

Synopsis

Restoring quadriceps muscle strength is integral to recovery following an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. We argue that clinicians should re-evaluate their beliefs about open-chain exercises and measure this important variable to improve outcomes for their patients. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2020;50(9):473–475. doi:10.2519/jospt.2020.0609
“Death Groups”: The Media Construction of a Social Problem in the Post-Truth Society
Authors: Zholud Roman V. , Fursova Viktoria V.
Published: September 2020

The article discusses the features of media construction of a social problem by the Russian media on the example of the case of “death groups” (2015–2017) in the context of the influence of post-truth society on mass communication. The analysis reveals factors that form the misstatement in vision of a social problem; an analogy is drawn with the spread of fake news in the media. Special attention is paid to the role of the government in the media construction of the social problem of “death groups” and its ideological content. Based on the study, it is concluded that in post-truth society, media construction of a social problem proceeds with an emotional, uncritical perception of false, ideologically sharpened information. The gathered facts show a dismatch between the media representation of “death groups” and their real social sense.
Generation Y and Z: Features Media Consumption
Authors: Zvereva Ekaterina A. , Chvorova Valeriya A.
Published: September 2020

The relevance of the study is associated with the transformation of media consumption of the young generation under the influence of the realities of the information society. Of particular theoretical significance is the identification of the degree of objectivity of the rationale for differentiating the young generation of media consumers into two sub-groups – Y and Z.
The empirical basis was both the results of studies of youth media consumption presented by various domestic authors, as well as their own study of media consumption by Tambov schoolchildren and students. The research material is the online publications Meduza and NR, which were named as the source of news by the majority of the polled millenials and centenials. The methodological base of the work is based on a systematic approach and a comparative method.
The results of this study show that the media consumption of generations Y and Z has identical characteristics: multitasking thinking, a high level of technological culture, the desire for active consumption of information, the need for individual choice of media content.
However, one can state the objectivity of justifying the differentiation of the young generation of media consumers into two subgroups. Millennials are characterized by egocentricity, centennials – by tolerance; in the content of information for generation Y, an element of the game is obligatory, and for generation Z – the actual basis; millennials are self-confident, open to various streams of information, while centenials are distinguished by an ironic view of the world.
Russian-Speaking Conversational Radio Stations on the YouTube Platform: Audio Content Visualization
Authors: Kruglova Lyudmila A.
Published: September 2020

Purpose. The article presents the results of an analysis of the work of Russian-speaking conversational radio stations with a YouTube platform. The accounts of 13 information and talk radio stations broadcasting in Russia and materials published on the YouTube site were analyzed.
Results. The analysis was carried out in the summer and autumn of 2019 according to criteria such as the number of released materials, views, comments, “likes”, the nature of the content (on-air or special), informational occasions, format and timing.
Conclusion. The author comes to the conclusion that most of the analyzed radio stations, with the exception of those who synergize with video content producers or specifically develop this resource, don’t yet know how to use YouTube tools and understand the specifics of working with the audience on this platform, and can’t compete with the top bloggers.
The Name of Literary Magazine as a Communicative Marker
Authors: Danilova Stefaniia A. , Bilchenko Ievgeniia V.
Published: September 2020

The article considers the problem of a name as a symbolic attachment (marker) assigned to the cultural object in the communication process. The features of signalization of poetry magazines in tradition and in cyberspace are revealed. To clarify the differences between the signifier and the signified, a comparison of two discourses is used: structuralism and post-structuralism as manifestations of the modern and postmodern ways of thought. If in modernity the name embodies the event of meaning, in postmodernity the name generates it, then with a radical break with this opposition, the name of the journal should keep meaning as a post-event subject of communication.
Post-Truth as a Rhetorical Phenomenon in Modern Media Space
Authors: Shatin Yury V.
Published: September 2020

The article considers the impact of CH. Perelman’s new rhetorical theory on post-truth phenomenon. Although the term “post-truth” appeared in the 1990s the peak of its popularity is the 2016–2020s. In 2016 the Oxford dictionary ranked it as the most used word in the media. The reason for this popularity according the most researchers is related to the spread and functioning of social networks where objective facts are less important in comparison with emotions and personal beliefs. The last five years are characterized by an increasing number of works in which the phenomenon of post-truth is investigated in the aspects of political science, social sociology, psychology, ethics. However, over the years not a single publication has appeared that treats post-truth as rhetorical phenomenon. The author of the article tries to fill this gap and highlight the main characteristic of post-truth rhetoric. Such features include a biased selection of facts and the way they are placed in media text, rigid scheme which includes four elements: a media person, criminal plot, step by step development of narrative and non-finished final. In the first of the scheme the media person can act as an organizer of an actual or imaginary event or as on object of extremal influence (a victim). The criminal nature of the plot is associated with a violation of the normal course of things. Moreover, such a violation should not be a one-time act but should assume development through the accumulation of new details. Also, to become a post-truth the event must contain the development potential associated with collision of opposite version explaining its meaning. In a situation of post-truth the role of the speaker in relation to audience changes. The speaker seeks not so much to join those who disagree with his point of view as to strengthen the split of the recipients who oppose each other. Thus, the post-truth as a method of information warfare and / or mastering the mass consciousness has become possible thanks to radical change in the media space excluding control over it. At the same time, its hidden premises appeal to the new rhetorical theory of Ch. Perelman.
“Libel of Literature”: “The World Labor” and “Day Spring” in the Estimates of the Satirical Weekly Magazine “Iskra”
Authors: Kozlov Alexey E.
Published: September 2020

Purpose. The article analyzes editorial and publishing strategies and tactics of the illustrated weekly “Iskra” (“Spark”), aimed at discrediting the fiction department of the journals “Vsemirny Trud” (“World Labor”) and “Day Spring” (“Zarya”).
Results. On the basis of feuilleton notes, satirical essays, reviews and assessments of contemporaries, the reputation of publications are investigated, the principles of constructing symbolic capital (and its undermining) by the “Iskra” editorial staff are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the controversy surrounding the novel by Leo Tolstoy “War and Peace”. This situation is not unique. The development of the magazine and newspaper market determines the development of competition. This was equally true for “Iskra”, whose existence in the magazine field of the sixties allows us to compile a fairly complete portrait of the mass reader of the era. In the future, most of the illustrated weeklies will use the same strategy of discrediting related and more complex publications. At the same time, responding to the urgent events of everyday life and reacting to new periodicals, the “Iskra” for a modern researcher becomes a kind of crooked mirror, which most clearly reflects the difficult situation of the history of Russian journalism in the late 60s of the 19th century.
Conclusion. Creating an anti-world of Russian life and Russian journalism, “Iskra” paid special attention to discrediting Slavophil periodicals and conservative vector publications. The hypothesis is put forward in the article, according to which, such tactics had not only (and not so much) ideological tasks, but commercial ones. The literal “squeezing” and “survival” of opponents from the literary and journalistic field was not only the principle of the existence of “Iskra”, which did not have any independent ideological platform, but also a way of converting symbolic capital into real, quantifiable, including the number of subscribers and circulation of the publication.
Bring us deliverance, spy! (interpretations of The Spies’ March by Kipling in time of the Media War and Pandemic)
Authors: Bogolubov Anatoli F.
Published: September 2020

The essay is concerned with decoding the subject (cognitive) content of R. Kipling's The Spies' March, notable mainly for its proud name. The problem is that the text is created using the double coding technique; it is fundamentally ambiguous and can be read in two ways, allowing in both cases various cognitive and semantic interpretations in the modern historical and cultural context. The spy attribution of the March is a clever deception, created first by the author in the hope that the readership will be able to uncover his language game following the old adage “a good [poetic] witch covers her tracks, but a better [semiotic] one can uncover them”. That’s what they call now research, investigation or enquiry, depending on purpose and circumstances. He refers to “spies” as epidemiologists who fought the outbreak of plague in Manchuria in 1911. For Kipling, it was a language game, the poetic purpose of which was to describe in purely military terms and partly in Bible language of the Apocalypse the fight against the epidemic, which, in its intrinsic “quest” for globalization, threatened to outgrow into a pandemic. Unfortunately, the readers proved to be too gullible, neglecting to analyze biblical references of The March and its dramatized composition in which two choruses are opposed to each other and which is preceded by a distant Voice; they often trusted the title’s literal meaning, and preferred to read The March as glorification of spies. To do this, it is just enough to “turn” the Yellow Flag of the original (a symbol of a pandemic disaster) into a proud one, a flag of dignity and fame. In Russia, translators have also joined this process. Details of such a false-negative decryption are presented in the section entitled “Lexical, symbolic and discursive keys for decoding The March”. The technique of creating and decoding an ambivalent text is, of course, the main object of theoretical analysis. Nevertheless, in terms of application, the potential use of the key ideological “messages” of The March in the global information and political environment, giving now a lot of place to politainment as well as infotainment, is even more important to explore. We consider two major “messages”: «There are not leaders to lead us to honour» и «Bring us deliverance, spy!». The tasks of such a politainment entreprise might be to form a causal relationship between these two Kipling’s brainchilds, namely, to personalize the "spy" in the international media discourse and entrust him with the implementation of Kipling's order regarding deliverance from current “calamities”. The mainstream media trend shows that the greatest chances to become such a “spy” has VP, which recently also received from Roland Lombardi, by analogy with the devout Lawrence of Arabia, the informal title of Arabian (Poutine d’Arabie). To do it, it’s enough for western media to add inverted commas when mentioning his nickname.
Pseudo-identification in the Russian language (human beings descriptions in Russian literary texts)
Authors: Bochkarev Andrey E.
Published: September 2020

There is no way to identify an animate object other than to describe its specific characteristics which necessarily look like deviations from the normal “average” pattern, named here paragon, in which the Axiological Standard of a human group is fixed. Of particular heuristic interest is, in this regard, the logical pattern, often used in Russian for describing such a deviation: (he/she is) not A, but B, in which a human creature is being denied the property of being human, but is assimilated to fire, flint, rag, chump, mouse, dough, etc. The variety of descriptions (pseudo-identifications) is explained by his or her need to focus attention on some remarkable feature of person’s character, incompatible with the paragon of accepted traits included in it as a result of the evaluation responses of his or her fellow countrymen. Although they have a greater illocutionary force than a simple statement of a deviant property, these identifications cannot be checked for “truth”, in particular, for compliance with the “real” state of things. They are pseudo-identifications which can only be verified for compliance with some kind of attitude, defining what properties should be used to qualify a person and what should be the ideal sample selected as an auxiliary object in an ideal scenario.
THE USE OF PERSONAL VOCABULARY NOTE (PVN) TO TEACH VOCABULARY
Authors: Tiabarte Aulyahaq , Sutapa Yohanes Gatot , Rosnija Eni
Published: September 2020

The objective of this study is to discover the effect of Personal Vocabulary Note (PVN) on the students vocabulary achievement. This form of research is a pre-experimental study. The research population on this research was the eighth-grade students that consisted of 43 students of SMP Negeri 1 Mempawah Timur. By using cluster random sampling, the sample was VIII B class, consisted of 21 students. The data on this study was gathered through a written test in form of multiple choice. The data showed that the alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted and the null hypothesis (H0) was rejected, means that Personal Vocabulary Note (PVN) affect significantly in teaching vocabulary for the eighth-grade students in SMP Negeri 1 Mempawah Timur. The result of t-test was 12.61. It was higher than t-critical(12.61 > 2.086). Finding also showed that the score of the effect size of the treatment was 2.73 and categorized as strong effect. It can be concluded that Personal Vocabulary Note (PVN) give a strong effect on vocabulary achievement of the eighth-grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Mempawah Timur in Academic Year 2019/2020.
RASPD+: Fast Protein-Ligand Binding Free Energy Prediction Using Simplified Physicochemical Features
Authors: Holderbach Stefan , Adam Lukas , Jayaram Bhyravabhotla , Wade Rebecca , Mukherjee Goutam
Published: September 2020

The virtual screening of large numbers of compounds against target protein binding sites has become an integral component of drug discovery workflows. This screening is often done by computationally docking ligands into a protein binding site of interest, but this has the drawback that a large number of poses must be evaluated to obtain accurate estimates of protein-ligand binding affinity. We here introduce a fast prefiltering method for ligand prioritization that is based on a set of machine learning models and uses simple pose-invariant physicochemical descriptors of the ligands and the protein binding pocket. Our method, Rapid Screening with Physicochemical Descriptors + machine learning (RASPD+), is trained on PDBbind data and achieves a regression performance better than for the original RASPD method and comparable to traditional scoring functions on a range of different test sets without the need for generating ligand poses. Additionally, we use RASPD+ to identify molecular features important for binding affinity and assess the ability of RASPD+ to enrich active molecules from decoys.
Standard Molar Enthalpies of Formation of Halomethanes Based on Quantum Chemical Computations
Authors: Kalamatianos Konstantinos
Published: September 2020

Accurate calculations of standard molar enthalpies of formation (ΔΗf°)m(g) and carbon-halogen bond dissociation enthalpies, BDE, of a variety of halomethanes with relevance on several atmospheric chemical processes and particularly to ozone destruction, were performed in the gas phase at 298.15 K. The (ΔΗf°)m(g) of the radicals formed through bond dissociations have also been computed. Ab initio computational methods and isodesmic reaction schemes were used. It is found that for the large majority of these species, the gold standard method of quantum chemistry (CCSD(T)) and even MP2 are capable to predict enthalpy values nearing chemical accuracy provided that isodesmic reaction schemes are used. New estimates for standard molar enthalpies of formation and BDE are suggested including for species that to our knowledge there are no experimental (ΔΗf°)m(g) (CHCl2Br, CHBr2Cl, CHBrCl, CHICl, CHIBr) or BDE values (CHCl2Br, CHBr2Cl, CHBrCl, CHICl, CHIBr) available in the literature. The method and calculational procedures presented may profitably be used to obtain accurate (ΔΗf°)m(g) and BDE values for these species.
Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Liquid-Liquid Interfaces in an Electric Field: the Water-1,2-Dichloroethane Interface
Authors: Raiteri Paolo , Kraus Peter , Gale Julian
Published: September 2020

Molecular dynamics simulations of the liquid-liquid interface between water and 1,2-Dichloroethane in the presence of weak external electric fields.The effect of the use of 3D periodic Ewald summation and the effect of the simulation setup are discussed.A new simple geometric method for designing the simulation cell is proposed. This method was thoroughly tested shown that it mitigates any artefacts to the use of 3D Ewald summation with external electric field.
Institucionalidad ambiental y gestión de conflictos socioambientales en la región Junín: caso Morococha
Authors: Balvín Landeo Luisabel Elvira
Published: September 2020

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación entre institucionalidad ambiental y gestión de conflictos socioambientales en la región Junín: caso Morococha, así como la relación entre principios de la gestión ambiental y demandas del conflicto, Sistema Nacional de Gestión Ambiental y gestión del conflicto, y la relación entre el Sistema Nacional de Evaluación y Fiscalización Ambiental y participación ciudadana. Se desarrolló una investigación aplicada, de nivel descriptivo correlacional, con un diseño no experimental transversal y enfoque metodológico mixto. Se aplicaron 20 cuestionarios a representantes de instituciones con competencias en conflictos socioambientales y de asociaciones participantes en la Mesa de Diálogo para el Reasentamiento Poblacional de Morococha; las técnicas empleadas fueron la observación participante y el análisis documentario. Los resultados mostraron que la institucionalidad ambiental en el Perú y sus implicancias a nivel regional y local no han permitido una adecuada gestión del conflicto socioambiental en Morococha, lugar donde se desarrolla el proyecto minero Toromocho; pues se encontró una correlación de 0.478, calificada como positiva débil. Asimismo, se debe considerar que aproximadamente el 62.8 % de conflictos sociales en el Perú son de tipo socioambiental, según reportes de la Defensoría del Pueblo (marzo, 2019) y más de 10 años de gestión del conflicto. En conclusión, se hace necesario el fortalecimiento de la institucionalidad ambiental para una adecuada gestión y prevención de conflictos socioambientales, en especial la práctica de la transectorialidad como principio de la Política Nacional del Ambiente y un adecuado Sistema Nacional de Gestión Ambiental.

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31876/sl.v2i1.8
Características socioeconómicas y culturales de las familias campesinas del valle del Mantaro, entre 1975 y 2015
Authors: Tello Yance Filoter , Rafaele de la Cruz Mauro
Published: September 2020

La presente investigación surgió para responder al problema: ¿cuáles son las características socioeconómicas y culturales de las familias campesinas del valle del Mantaro en 1975, y luego de la transferencia e innovación tecnológica agropecuaria, en 2015? El objetivo fue comparar las características socioeconómicas y culturales de las familias campesinas del valle del Mantaro en 1975, y luego de la transferencia e innovación tecnológica agropecuaria, en 2015. Se planteó la siguiente hipótesis: las características socioeconómicas y culturales de las familias campesinas del valle del Mantaro en 1975, y luego de la transferencia e innovación tecnológica agropecuaria, en 2015, muestra cambios significativos en las condiciones socioeconómicas, crianza de animales, cultivos y patrones culturales. En el desarrollo del trabajo de investigación se utilizó el método científico, nivel de investigación descriptiva, con un diseño descriptivo comparativo. La población estuvo constituida por 73357 productores jefes de familia del valle del Mantaro (cuatro provincias y 76 distritos), beneficiarios de la transferencia e innovación tecnológica agropecuaria del sector estatal y privado y/o mediante sus propios recursos. La técnica fue la encuesta, y el instrumento, el cuestionario. En el análisis estadístico de los datos obtenidos, se utilizó la prueba de chi cuadrado para la homogeneidad de las muestras comparando los porcentajes de 1975 y 2015, al 95% de confianza estadística.

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31876/sl.v2i1.9
Transformaciones socioculturales como influencia en la pérdida de autoridad parental
Authors: Fajardo Romero Claudia Lorena , Cárdenas Jennifer Catherine , Buitrago Jessika Alejandra , Cruz Garcia Darwin Alexis
Published: September 2020

Este artículo aborda el análisis de los resultados obtenidos en la investigación de tipo exploratorio realizada durante la formación académica, que tuvo como objetivo distinguir cómo las transformaciones socioculturales influyen en los cambios de roles y en el ejercicio de la autoridad en la familia, desde la perspectiva profesional de los docentes y padres de familia pertenecientes a la Institución Educativa Nuevo Compartir de la comuna 1 del municipio de Soacha. Se observó una transformación de la autoridad parental que se desprende de una evolución historica, en cuanto al comportamiento de la sociedad y a las diferentes perspectivas que se ven inmersas en el papel social de cada individuo, rompiendo con el paradigma tradicional de un rol patriarcal, y dando paso así, a nuevos paradigmas que están ligados a cambios sociales, tecnológicos, judiciales e ideológicos que propician un cambio en los roles y dinámicas familiares.

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31876/sl.v1i1.32
Voto blanco y nulo de estudiantes de una universidad peruana en las elecciones generales de Perú de 2016
Authors: Flores Rivas Víctor Ricardo , Alania Contreras Rubén Darío
Published: September 2020

El estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la tendencia al voto en blanco y nulo en estudiantes de la Universidad San Martín de Porres, en las elecciones generales de Perú de 2016. La investigación de enfoque cualitativo, método inductivo y con diseño de estudio de casos, tuvo como muestra a 10 estudiantes del V ciclo Facultad de Ciencias de la Comunicación, Turismo y Psicología de la Universidad San Martin de Porres, a quienes se realizó entrevistas en profundidad. Los resultados dieron a conocer que la tendencia al voto en blanco y nulo fue consecuencia de una reacción de los estudiantes ante la trayectoria de los actores políticos, interpretada como negativa; las acciones de los partidos políticos y sus candidatos generaron el distanciamiento del electorado joven. En conclusión, los estudiantes votaron en blanco o nulo para expresar su descontento con los partidos políticos y candidatos participantes, e ignoran la normativa electoral respecto los votos en blanco y nulo.
Construyendo nuestras masculinidades: la experiencia de hombres rurales de Curimarca, Jauja, Junín
Authors: Meza Salcedo Américo
Published: September 2020

El objetivo de esta investigación fue caracterizar el proceso de construcción de la masculinidad en relación a los cambios de creencias y prácticas tradicionales, además de su entendimiento y repercusión en las relaciones de pareja, desde la perspectiva y experiencia de hombres del centro poblado de Curimarca, ubicado en la provincia de Jauja, región Junín, en la zona centro del Perú. El estudio, de carácter cualitativo, permitió comprender la experiencia de vida de los cónyuges. La unidad de análisis fueron hombres y mujeres del lugar en mención. A partir de los datos recogidos en campo, se encontró que los hombres construyen su masculinidad a través del proceso de aprendizaje en el entorno familiar. Además, las diversas capacitaciones en las que participan les ayudan a asumir los cambios e influyen en una vida conyugal basada en el respeto y apoyo mutuo. La investigación concluye que hombres y mujeres han aprendido a ser tolerantes; han establecido en su hogar un ambiente de diálogo sobre los problemas y proyectos de familia.

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31876/sl.v2i1.15
Políticas públicas en violencia de género en el Centro de Emergencia Mujer del distrito de Chilca
Authors: Gómez Ferrer Dora Elizabeth
Published: September 2020

La investigación tuvo como objetivo conocer los factores que limitan la eficacia en la aplicación de las políticas públicas en violencia de género en el distrito de Chilca y las razones por las que estas no logran reducir la violencia. Se ha desarrollado una investigación de orden cualitativo, que utilizó como instrumento la entrevista, la cual fue aplicada a mujeres que han sido atendidas en el Centro de Emergencia Mujer del referido distrito y a profesionales de esta institución que ejecutan políticas de género en violencia. El estudio profundiza acerca de los factores estructurales que originan la violencia de género, como la cultura patriarcal, autoritaria y machista, así como la construcción de la feminidad y masculinidad hegemónicas. Asimismo, aborda la aplicación de las políticas públicas de género en violencia en el distrito de Chilca. Los principales resultados revelan que las mujeres víctimas proceden de hogares con cultura autoritaria y violencia; esta situación es reforzada en la escuela. De otro lado, las políticas públicas no abordan adecuadamente la prevención de la violencia; el Centro de Emergencia Mujer pone énfasis en la atención, sin embargo, instituciones como la Policía Nacional y el Poder Judicial no muestran celeridad en la sanción y erradicación de la violencia. Se concluye, por lo tanto, que la intersectorialidad en las políticas públicas es deficiente; además, se comprueba que el enfoque de género no se ha transversalizado de manera apropiada en estas políticas. Otros factores que limitan la eficacia de las políticas públicas en violencia son la falta de presupuesto e infraestructura adecuados, y la intervención de operadores públicos poco sensibilizados y capacitados en equidad de género.

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31876/sl.v3i2.9
El éxito de publicar está reflejado en la honestidad
Authors: Velásquez Camacho Leida Yamile
Published: September 2020

Este artículo surge de la necesidad que tenemos, como estudiantes y profesionales, de escribir diversos tipos de documentos –ensayos, artículos, tesis, monografías, la sistematización de prácticas profesionales, obras de teatro y de producción audiovisual, entre otros– de forma confiable para que puedan ser publicados. Con esta investigación se pretende que los estudiantes y docentes elaboren escritos confiables y, por lo mismo, publicables en diferentes medios, sin incurrir en plagio; busca, asimismo, informar sobre la importancia de citar correctamente, con el fin de convertirlo en un hábito para la elaboración de documentos confiables en la Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios (UNIMINUTO), pues muchos trabajos de investigación no llegan ni a postular para su publicación en otros medios, como revistas o libros, porque carecen de citas bibliográficas. Además, garantizando una sensibilización frente a esta problemática, se evitaría eventuales sanciones legales que podrían dañar la hoja de vida tanto del estudiante como del profesor.

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31876/sl.v2i1.35
Prevalencia de anemia infantil y factores socioculturales de las usuarias del Programa Juntos, distrito de Pampas
Authors: Alarcón Soto Olivia , Solís Luis Froy , Victoria Quinto Dennis
Published: September 2020

Esta investigación tuvo por objetivo medir el nivel de influencia de los factores socioculturales de las usuarias del Programa Juntos en la prevalencia de anemia infantil en el Hospital de Pampas (Tayacaja, Huancavelica). Se realizó una investigación de tipo básico, nivel descriptivo, diseño no experimental transversal y con un enfoque metodológico cuantitativo. Se aplicó un cuestionario a 36 madres usuarias del Programa Juntos; los hijos de 16 de estas presentan prevalencia de anemia, y los de los 16 restantes, no. Al 95 % de confianza estadística, los resultados obtenidos fueron: el 82 % de las madres cuyos hijos tienen anemia son menores de 30 años; los hijos del 71 % de madres, que en su mayoría proceden de la zona rural, presentan prevalencia de anemia infantil; el 68 % de las madres tienen conflictos con los padres de sus hijos; solo el 23 % de las madres que tienen acceso a servicios públicos con agua potable son menos recurrentes a la prevalencia de anemia; el 76 % de ellas participan en otros programas sociales, y 77 % de las mimas confían en el sistema de salud. Se concluye que los factores sociales en las usuarias del programa juntos del hospital de Pampas, Tayacaja influyen directa y significativamente en la prevalencia de la anemia infantil, el comportamiento de la madre, sus condiciones de vida, la iteración con su menor hijo (a) y con el grupo de personal que socializa cotidianamente, genera un estilo de vida que no contribuyen en la superación del diagnóstico de anemia y pasan hacer prevalentes, afectando directamente al desarrollo físico y emocional del infante, esta situación compromete el futuro del mismo, propiciando un escenario que se torna negativo para el desarrollo humano, la generación del   capital social, y en consecuencia para el desarrollo social. Los factores culturales en las usuarias del programa juntos del hospital de Pampas, Tayacaja influyen directa y significativamente en la prevalencia de la anemia infantil, los hábitos y las costumbres cotidianas de   comportamiento de la madre en sus entorno, los elementos que pautan la convivencia con su menor hijo (a), a genera una cultura de convivencia que no contribuye a la superación del diagnóstico de anemia más por el contrario se presentan como prevalentes, esta forma de ver la vida la valoración de la situación de la salud están influenciadas por la forma de concebir el mundo, su idiosincrasia no permite con facilidad asumir la situación de importancia y prioridad de la atención al menor con hábitos alimenticos y de higiene más adecuado al tratamiento de la anemia infantil.

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31876/sl.v1i1.63
Memes de Facebook: el “hashtag semiótico” contemporáneo
Authors: García Villalba Cristian , Reyes Molina Nicoll
Published: September 2020

Esta idea de investigación surgió del interés por entender y dar significado a los contenidos que diariamente observamos en la red social Facebook, memes y emoticones, que por lo general se replican como forma de expresión de nuestra identidad y/u opinión con respecto a las dinámicas políticas y sociales, religiosas, culturales, etc. Dado el uso reiterado de estas piezas visuales y a su muy variada gama de usos, se pretende analizar piezas iconográficas que resalten los rasgos semióticos más característicos, que permitan analizar y comprender su contenido e intención lingüística.

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31876/sl.v1i1.64
Calidad de atención integral brindada por madres cuidadoras a niños menores de 3 años, beneficiarios del Programa Nacional Cuna Más, Huánuco
Authors: Adriano Huaytán Yudy , Ruiz Aquino Mely
Published: September 2020

Objetivo. Describir la calidad de atención integral brindada por madres cuidadoras a niños menores de 3 años, beneficiarios del Programa Nacional Cuna Más; Huánuco, 2019. Métodos. Fue un estudio transversal, prospectivo y observacional, con diseño descriptivo y enfoque cuantitativo. La muestra fueron 80 cuidadoras de un total de 100 cuidadoras del servicio de cuidado diurno del Programa Nacional Cuna Más, Perú. Se aplicó una guía de entrevista de las características generales y una escala de calidad de atención; esta última fue válido y fiable. Se tuvieron en consideración los aspectos éticos de la investigación, además se realizó un análisis de frecuencia a nivel descriptivo. Resultados. Se verificó la calidad de atención integral en sus tres componentes. En la dimensión aprendizaje infantil se evidenció un 70 % (56) de calidad en un nivel alto; en la dimensión de salud infantil el 71,3 % (57) mostró un nivel medio de calidad; y en la dimensión nutrición y alimentación, un 27,5 % (22) evidenció baja calidad de atención. De modo global, un 52,5 % (42) evidenció una calidad de atención integral de nivel medio, seguido de un 33,8 % (27) con calidad de atención de nivel alto. Conclusión. La calidad de atención integral al niño beneficiario del servicio de cuidado diurno del Programa Nacional Cuna Más, a cargo de madres cuidadoras, fue de nivel medio; lo que evidencia la necesidad de fortalecer las competencias del cuidado integral a los niños beneficiarios y la supervisión constante por especialistas del cuidado como los profesionales de enfermería.

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31876/sl.v3i2.64
Cultura organizacional y desempeño docente en la Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú
Authors: Llancari Morales Rosario Ana , Alania Contreras Rubén Darío
Published: September 2020

La investigación tuvo el propósito de determinar la relación entre la cultura organizacional y el desempeño docente en la percepción de los docentes de la Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú (UNCP); el estudio de nivel descriptivo y diseño descriptivo correlacional, tuvo una muestra probabilística estratificada constituida por 88 docentes, a quienes se aplicó el Cuestionario de Cultura Organizacional de Denison (Denison y Neale 2000), cuya confiabilidad calculada mediante el alfa de Cronbach fue de 0.949, y el Cuestionario de Desempeño Docente adaptado de Valdés (2006), cuya confiabilidad fue de 0.969. Como resultado se halló que existe relación con un nivel de significancia de 0.05, que existe una relación ( = 0.722) directa y significativa (Z = 1.96) entre la cultura organizacional y el desempeño docente; asimismo el 78.41 % de docentes, percibe una cultura organizacional regular; a la vez que el 77.27 % considera que el desempeño docente es bueno. Se concluyó que existe una relación directa y significativa entre cultura organizacional y desempeño docente en la percepción de los docentes de la Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, por tanto, a mejor cultura organizacional, mejor desempeño docente, y viceversa.

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31876/sl.v4i1.45
Influence of Iron-Filings on Marshall and Volumetric Properties of Asphalt Concrete
Authors: Al-Tuwayyij Husham , Sarsam Saad Issa
Published: September 2020

The growth and expansion of road infrastructure had resulted in the continuous use of materials, increased construction costs of flexible pavements and increased environmental impact during the service life of the road. Consequently, many researchers have sought to use methods to maintain these roadways sustain environmental impact and traffic loads. One of these approaches is the use of additives to improve asphalt's volumetric character. In this research, iron filings were used as partial replacement of fine aggregates, and the Marshall and volumetric properties were assessed before and after the implementation of iron filings. Specimens were prepared with iron filings addition of (2, 4, 6 and 8%) by weight of fine aggregates. The Marshall mix design procedure was used to calculate the optimum asphalt content and the volumetric properties, including bulk density, Total voids, voids in mineral aggregates V.M.A., and voids filled with asphalt V.F.A. The Marshall Flow and Stability were calculated. Test results were assessed before and after the inclusion of the iron filings. It was concluded that the addition of iron filings can enhance the Marshall and volumetric properties of asphalt. The stability increased by 15% when replacing fine aggregates by 2%, of iron filings by total weight. Also, the air voids and the VMA decreased by increasing the percentage of iron filings, while VFA was not significantly affected as compared to the conventional specimen. The ideal ratio of iron filings which fulfill the optimal requirements was 5%.
SOCIO-ETHICAL ISSUES SURROUNDING CAESAREAN SECTION BIRTHS IN AFRICA
Authors: Yitambe Andre , Kibaara Rucha Kenneth , Warutere Peterson
Published: September 2020

In the last decade, a number of studies have questioned the practice of caesarean section birth in obstetrical practices in Africa. Medical sociologists and anthropologists have considered caesarean section as a medicalization of social events. We are not assuming that it is true of false. The transformation of social events into medical indications rises ethical issues in the provision of healthcare in Africa.  In this paper, we especially used the case of caesarean section birth to explore the transformation of social events into medical indications in Africa. Caesarean sections by choice interrogates the obstetrical practices. This paper examines the socio-ethical issues in caesarean section in Africa. We considered some underlying factors: medicalization of the society, informed consent, biotechnology, demand inducement, consumer-inducement demand and the health market-driven economy. This was desk-based study. A review of secondary data and literatures relative to caesarean section births in Africa were used for discussion. Findings from literatures revealed that a number of considerations have to be taken such as: demand inducement and information asymmetry, defensive and corporate medicine, medical power, consumer induced demand and health market driven economy. The findings informed health regulators on demand and supply sides of caesarean sections.
EXAMINING MOTIVATION LEVELS OF FEMALE VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS AND COACH -PLAYER RELATIONSHIPS
Authors: Aksakal Nalan , Sabırlı Türkan Nihan , Kocaekşi Serdar , Tokat Ayça
Published: September 2020

The aim of this study is to examine player-coach relationships and its relevance to motivational processes. The participants of the study were 93 players who played in the matches qualifying for Turkish 1st Women’s Volleyball League in 2018. The study used Player-Coach Relationship Inventory and Motivation in Sports Scale as the data collection instruments. The data obtained were analyzed by using SPSS 20 software, descriptive statistics and Pearson Correlation analysis. The findings of the study revealed no statistically meaningful relationship between player-coach relationship and external motivation and amotivation. However, there was a meaningful relationship between player-coach relationship and internal motivation (r=, 246). Similarly, a meaningful relationship was found between “the duration of player-coach relationship” and the sub dimensions of player-coach relationship, which are “commitment” (r=, 293), “closeness” (r=, 325) and “complementarity” (r=, 325). In short, it can be concluded that as the relationship between players and the coach improves, motivation increases, and as the duration of this relationship increases, player-coach relationship is affected positively.