bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EU Digital Sovereignty
Authors:   MGIMO University, Zinovieva Elena , Bulva Valeriya ,   MGIMO University
Published: June 2021

Today ensuring data security is becoming one of the priority areas of EU policy. In February 2020, the EU adopted the Data Strategy aiming at strengthening its leadership in a digital society. Although the strategy sets primarily economic goals, the problem of ensuring digital sovereignty occupies an important place. The purpose of this study is to examine the EU information security policy, starting from the concept of "Westphalian sovereignty" proposed by the S. Krasner. This concept found coverage in the works of M.M. Lebedeva. S. Krasner defines "Westphalian sovereignty" as the completeness of state power within the borders and the absence of other subjects of power. Analysis of the EU strategy in the field of information security and big data allows us to conclude that the EU emphasizes the need to limit the “Westphalian sovereignty” within the framework of an integration structure, and not individual member states. This contributes to understanding of the trends of evolution of state sovereignty in the context of globalization and the modern data revolution.
Italian Maritime Economy and the EU Green Deal
Authors:   Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences, Alekseenkova Elena
Published: June 2021

The article examines the problem of transformation of the Italian maritime economy (in terms of transport and logistics infrastructure) in the context of the European Green Deal. The increased role of the Mediterranean in international maritime trade makes Italy explore ways of improving the competitiveness of its ports infrastructure and logistics to avoid lagging behind rapidly developing competitors in Greece, Spain, Turkey and the countries of North Africa. At the same time, Italy continues to position itself as a middle power, whose dominance in the Mediterranean is a natural result of its geographic position and national priorities. Currently traditional competition is aggravated by the negative consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic for the world maritime economy. Rome expects that the EU's Green Deal and the EU Next Generation Plan will help Italy solve three problems: 1) to increase its own competitiveness in the transport and logistics system of the Mediterranean; 2) to stimulate the development of the South of the country; 3) to become a protagonist of the new EU normative power and leadership in the green transformation in the Mediterranean. The author concludes that the main goal of Italy is to restore its role as a middle power and the leader of the Mediterranean, and to increase its own status within the EU.
European and National Identities in the Context of Neofunctionalism and “Imagined Communities” Theories
Authors:   International Analytic Centre of UNECON, Viktorova Elena , Petrenko Daria ,   International Analytic Centre of UNECON
Published: June 2021

The article contains an analysis of the state of European and national identities of modern Europeans. The notion of identities is multi-dimensional and includes many elements. In the scientific discourse the process of the European identity formation is increasingly being considered as a part of the European integration process. Currently the elements of European identity are seen by Europeans as elements of their national, local and other identities. The examples of the Netherlands and Belgium considered in the article confirm this statement. Some researchers believe that the European identity is artificially constructed by political elites. These principles are defined in more details in the theories of neo-functionalism by Deutsch and Haas and the "Imagined Communities" by Anderson. The article considers both theories, as well as examples confirming these ideas. The main methods used in the study were the analysis of scientific literature and European legislation concerning the formation of European identity, and the analysis of statistical data from the Eurobarometer and the European Social Survey in 2016 and 2018. The results of the research confirm the fact that for most Europeans national identity is primary, however they also identify themselves as Europeans. In addition, residents of the EU countries sense a higher level of European identity than the residents of countries outside the EU. The lowest level of European identity is observed among citizens of Russia and Serbia. The results of the research contribute to an evaluation of the success of the political project for the European identity formation.
Five Years of the EAEU Services Common Market
Authors:   Eurasian Economic Commission, Yelikbayev Kuanysh , Andronova Inna ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia
Published: June 2021

On January, 1 2015, after many years of attempts, single (common) market for services was created in 43 sectors within the framework of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). Today this market has expanded and covers 53 sectors. The analysis of foreign and mutual services trade of the EAEU countries at the end of 2019 showed that the share of domestic exports of services had practically not increased since the creation of the EAEU, the export of many types of services between the EAEU countries had decreased, there was no trade in many types of services between some member-states. In some cases, import of services from third countries have practically replaced imports from EAEU countries. This can be explained mainly by barriers, derogations and restrictions, the lack of legislation on single market of services implemented on national levels along with the need to diversify the structure of mutual trade in services.
Fear of COVID-19, Risk Perception and Stress Level in Polish Nurses During COVID-19 Outbreak
Authors: Dymecka Joanna , Machnik-Czerwik Anna , Filipkowski Jakub
Published: June 2021

Introduction. The outbreak of COVID-19 disease causes severe stress in health care workers, especially nurses.Nurses are at high risk of contracting the disease, as well as an increased risk of developing mental health symptomssuch as fear, anxiety and work-related stress.Aim. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between fear of COVID-19, risk perception, perceivedthreat and stress in Polish nurses during COVID-19 outbreak.Material and Methods. 106 nurses participated in the study. Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Fear of COVID-19 Scale(FOC-6), Risk of Contracting COVID-19 Scale and Perceived Threat of COVID-19 Scale were used in the study.Results. It has been shown that perceived stress, fear of COVID-19, perceived risk and threat are at high level. Allthe variables related to the perception of COVID-19 threat were significantly correlated with the perceived stress.The strongest relationship was between the risk of infection and perceived stress. Risk perception was statisticallysignificant predictor of perceived stress.Conclusions. Polish nurses experience severe stress and perceive COVID-19 as a significant threat for their healthand safety. In addition to protecting medical personnel from infection, nurses experiencing the highest levels ofstress should be given psychological care and support, which could prevent the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their mental health. (JNNN 2021;10(1):3–9)
Vascular dysfunction and pathology: focus on mechanical forces
Authors: Garoffolo Gloria , Pesce Maurizio
Published: June 2021

The role of mechanical forces is emerging as a new player in the pathophysiologic programming of the cardiovascular system. The ability of the cells to ‘sense’ mechanical forces does not relate only to perception of movement or flow, as intended traditionally, but also to the biophysical properties of the extracellular matrix, the geometry of the tissues, and the force distribution inside them. This is also supported by the finding that cells can actively translate mechanical cues into discrete gene expression and epigenetic programming. In the present review, we will contextualize these new concepts in the vascular pathologic programming.
Zapobieganie zakażeniom w procedurach inwazyjnych z wykorzystaniem sterylnych narzędzi
Authors: Ciuruś Maria
Published: June 2021

Wszystkie operacje, zabiegi stomatologiczne oraz wiele zabiegów kosmetycznych opiera się na naruszeniu ciągłości tkanek. Związane jest z tym wysokie ryzyko zakażenia wirusami przenoszonymi drogą krwi, które mają wpływ na powstawanie wielu powikłań. W celu zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa operowanym, diagnozowanym i leczonym pacjentom oraz osobom korzystającym z usług gabinetów kosmetycznych, należy zapewnić dostęp do sterylnych wyrobów medycznych. Konieczne jest uświadomienie pacjentom, klientom gabinetów upiększających i osobom wykonującym zabiegi inwazyjne, że istnieje obowiązek właściwego przygotowania narzędzi do ponownego użycia. Każda placówka, w której są wykonywane zabiegi inwazyjne, powinna posiadać dostowaną do własnych potrzeb sterylizatornię.
Profilaktyka i kontrola występowania sepsy noworodkowej: strategie interdyscyplinarne a higiena skóry noworodka
Authors: Wójkowska-Mach Jadwiga , Różańska Anna
Published: June 2021

Profilaktyka i kontrola zakażeń w oddziałach neonatologicznych to jeden z najbardziej wymagających obszarów pracy każdego zespołu kontroli zakażeń. Szczególnym wyzwaniem są zakażenia krwi, w tym infekcje związane ze stosowaniem linii naczyniowych. W profilaktyce tego typu zakażeń, tj. późnych zakażeń noworodkowych, rekomendowane do wykorzystania są tzw. procedury kompleksowe (ang. care bundles). „Bundle”, czasami opisywane jako pakiety zadań, uwzględniają różnorodność problemów i rozwiązań, są kompilacją najlepszych praktyk. Wybór elementów, które są włączane najczęściej do „bundli”, wynika z tzw. medycyny opartej na dowodach (EBM). Zawsze wśród elementów pakietu wykorzystywanego u noworodka, u którego wymagane jest zastosowanie centralnej linii naczyniowej, wymieniane są: właściwa higiena rąk, maksymalne bariery izolacyjne, odpowiednia antyseptyka skóry, technika aseptyczna, wybór miejsca założenia linii, przezroczysty sterylny opatrunek, aktywny nadzór i prowadzenie dokumentacji. Spośród nich najbardziej kontrowersyjny jest wybór środka do antyseptyki skóry. Celem niniejszej pracy była analiza możliwości wykorzystania różnych antyseptyków w kontekście bezpieczeństwa ich stosowania oraz profilaktyki i kontroli zakażeń.
Effect of temperature on composite films made with activated carbon, graphite, or graphene oxide (GO) in a gelatin matrix
Authors: Yang Siqiao , Li Haichao
Published: June 2021

Activated carbon, graphite, and GO/gelatin composite films were prepared by the blending method. The properties of composites were characterized by tensile strength (TS), elongation at break (EB), water vapour permeability (WVP), water-absorption ability, contact angle, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and moisture at different temperatures. The properties of GO/gelatin composite films were better when each of three kinds of carbon materials were used as reinforcement phases and added into the matrix gelatin. The results showed that EB and TS of GO/gelatin composite films were both excellent. The moisture of GO/gelatin composite films was greater than the others. SEM micrographs showed that GO had better compatibility and dispersibility with gelatin than activated carbon and graphite. The water absorption of GO/gelatin composite films were low, at 15 °C and 25 °C, and the WVP was low at 35 °C. The WVP of GO/gelatin composite films was lower than the others at different temperatures. The contact angle of GO/gelatin composite films was larger than the others.
Research status and future development of biomass liquid fuels
Authors: Zhang Ji , Yang Junling , Zhang Huafu , Zhang Zhentao , Zhang Yu
Published: June 2021

Due to the combined pressures of energy shortage and environmental degradation, bio-liquid fuels have been widely studied as a green, environmentally friendly, renewable petroleum alternative. This article summarizes the various technologies of three generations of biomass feedstocks (especially the second-generation, biomass lignin, and the third-generation, algae raw materials) used to convert liquid fuels (bioethanol, biodiesel, and bio-jet fuel) and analyzes their advantages and disadvantages. In addition, this article details the latest research progress in biomass liquid fuel production, summarizes the list of raw materials, products and conversion processes, and provides personal opinions on its future development. The aim is to provide a theoretical basis and reference for the optimization of existing technology and future research and development of biomass liquid fuels.
Estado actual de Cheracebus sp. (Primates: Pitheciidae) y de su hábitat entre los ríos Tigre y Nanay, Amazonía peruana
Authors: Aquino Rolando , Arévalo Iris , Pezo Etersit , López Luis
Published: June 2021

Con excepción de los bosques de la cuenca del río Itaya, área de influencia de la carretera Iquitos-Nauta y cuenca media de los ríos Nanay y Tigre, no hay información sobre el estado actual de la población y hábitat de Cheracebus sp., lo que motivó el desarrollo de este estudio cuyos objetivos estuvieron orientados a obtener más información sobre el estado actual de esta especie. Para ello, de mayo a noviembre del 2019 se realizaron censos por transecto lineal en bosques de las cuencas de los ríos Itaya, Nanay y Tigre. En 1659 km de longitud recorrida se avistaron 32 grupos de Cheracebus sp., de ellos, 17 correspondieron a la cuenca del río Nanay. Grupos con cuatro individuos se avistaron con más frecuencia en la cuenca del río Nanay; la abundancia relativa y la densidad poblacional fue ligeramente mayor en la cuenca del río Itaya con 0.3 grupos/10 km y 4.2 individuos/km2. En el área de estudio, los bosques están muy perturbados desde las orillas de los ríos y quebradas hasta aproximadamente 0.7 km al interior. La baja densidad poblacional de Cheracebus sp. es consecuencia de la alta presión de caza, en particular en la cuenca del río Tigre; a ella se suma la alta perturbación de los bosques por la extracción de árboles maderables y otros recursos, lo que estaría ocasionando escasez de recursos alimenticios para éste y otros primates.
Ritmos de versus
Authors: Osório Julia Telésforo
Published: June 2021

Apresentamos, neste artigo, um estudo sobre os conceitos de “verso” e de “ritmo poético” a fim de compreender a ideia de “verso livre”, recurso este, presente em parte expressiva das produções poéticas produzidas em língua portuguesa a partir do século XIX. Para tanto, introduzimos considerações sobre os dois primeiros conceitos, especialmente acerca de suas origens etimológicas, com o objetivo de entender como o “verso livre” lida com a tradicional ideia de ritmo em poesia, esta não mais submetida, necessariamente, às considerações presentes em teorias e tratados de versificação
“LER PELO NÃO”
Authors: Reis da Silva Kühn Ana Érica
Published: June 2021

Paulo Leminski fundou sua dicção poética a partir da leitura que realizou de outros poetas, elegendo, assim, a própria tradição. É possível encontrar em sua obra as diversas vozes que influenciaram sua expressão. Esse exercício de leitura não está presente apenas na poesia de Leminski, mas também nos ensaios, nos quais lê e analisa, de forma crítica, as obras e também a prática inventiva de alguns escritores. Para tanto, organizou um livro que reúne apenas ensaios dedicados a alguns autores, intitulado Anseios crípticos 2. Contudo, vale ressaltar que a relação com a tradição que escolheu para si, em especial a concretista, nem sempre é pacífica, mas assinalada por uma tensão, uma vez que essa leitura, por vezes, é realizada pelo viés do “não”. Isso ocorre porque, apesar de admirar seus predecessores, Leminski não desejou seguir o curso delineado por eles, posto que almejou instituir o próprio estilo. Para isso, buscou, nessa tradição, convalidar seus próprios valores e, assim, conquistar o seu lugar perante o cânone poético que escolheu para si. A partir de tais argumentos, este trabalho visa analisar o modo como Leminski leu os seus pares, observando, sobretudo, a tensão presente nesse diálogo, a exemplo do que ocorre com o Concretismo. Desse modo, procederemos com a análise de poemas, ensaios críticos e cartas que versam sobre poetas e tradições com as quais Leminski dialogou.
O crepúsculo do contemporâneo
Authors: Gonçalves Matheus Rodrigues
Published: June 2021

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A cidade poética de Joaquim Cardozo
Authors: Ferreira de Santana Wilck Camilo , Carlos de Andrade Brenda
Published: June 2021

Poeta e engenheiro, sintonizado, desde a juventude, com invenções das ciências e de literaturas diversas, Joaquim Cardozo [1897-1978] foi, sem dúvida, um dos grandes expoentes literários do Brasil. As formas de perceber e retratar o espaço revelam na sua poesia ideias como a de pertencimento e a maneira de estar no mundo. Neste sentido, considerando a literatura como um depositório de relações estabelecidas entre o homem e o meio, o tema deste artigo é a cidade do Recife como referência da criação poética cardoziana. A fim de lançar luz sobre o teor comunicativo de sua obra, o principal objetivo do trabalho é verificar como se configuram as imagens da cidade no poema “As janelas, as escadas, as pontes e as estradas”, de Mundos paralelos [1970], em busca de ressaltar o modo de como a inspiração do social encontra uma expressão estética. Para tal, buscamos aporte teórico-crítico no pensamento de estudiosos como Cantarelli (2014), Leal (2007) e Maia (2010).
Healthy aging during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Hansel Gisele , Sato Douglas Kazutoshi
Published: June 2021

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In Vitro Effect of Denture Cleansers on the Color Stability of Polyetheretherketone and Other Denture Base Polymers
Authors: Tekin Samet
Published: June 2021

The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the long-term effect of overnight use of denture cleansers with different chemical compositions on the color stability of denture base polymers (DBPs). The four DBPs evaluated were PEEK (PK group), thermoinjection-molded polyamide (PA group), auto-polymerized polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) (AP group), and heat-polymerized resin PMMA (HP group). The cleaning agents used were Corega tablet (CT), Protefix tablet (PT), and 0.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution (SH). Distilled water (DW) served as a control. Forty-eight disc-shaped specimens (10mm × 2mm) were prepared from each DBP and randomly immersed in the different storage media (n=12 in each group). Color measurements of the specimens before and after immersion in the denture cleansers were made using a spectrophotometer (VITA Easyshade V). The color changes were measured and recorded in L* a* b*. After 120 d, the CIEDE2000 formula was used to calculate color changes (∆E00). For analysis of the data, a multivariate analysis of variance was used (p<0.05).  The results of the statistical analysis revealed significant color change differences in the DBPs immersed in the various denture cleansers (p<0.05). Groups PA and PK showed the highest values for all solutions. AP-SH showed the highest ∆E00 value in group AP, no significant difference was found between other solutions. In group HP, there was no statistically significant difference between the average ∆E00 values of all solutions.  Long-term daily use of the denture cleansers affected the color stability of all the DBPs, although the level of color change was acceptable. Laboratory and clinical studies on the color stability of PEEK are needed to confirm the results of this study.
Comparing global reports of subjective well-being to experiential measures
Authors: Lucas Richard E.
Published: June 2021

Subjective well-being (SWB) is an overall evaluation of the quality of a person’slife from his or her own perspective. One common method of assessing thisconstruct requires respondents to think about their life as a whole and to providea “global” evaluation that summarizes across life domains or affective experiencesover extended periods of time. The validity of these global measures has beenchallenged, however; and experiential measures, which ask respondents to reporton their momentary evaluative experiences many times over a constrained timeperiod, have been suggested as a more valid alternative. This paper addresses theempirical evidence for one important challenge to global measures: the possibilitythat temporarily salient information overwhelmingly influences global judgments,reducing their reliability and validity. This paper critiques prior evidence for thischallenge and presents new concerns about the assumed validity of the proposedalternative: experiential measures.
Pandemia a funkcjonowanie jednostek samorządu gminnego zadłużonych w parabankach – przypadek gminy Raciechowice
Authors:   Katedra Nauk o Państwie i Administracji Publicznej, Wydział Nauk Politycznych i Studiów Międzynarodowych Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Polska, Balcerek-Kosiarz Marta
Published: June 2021

The aim of the article is to present the influence of pandemic, which contributes to changes in the scope of the delivery of public services by local governments. An interesting example are local governments, which have increased their financial debt in spite of their financial recovery programmes. These local governments were forced to change their public service strategies and their management in the sphere of select organizational and legal forms. The article presents the proposal of the public service delivery on the example of the Raciechowice municipality, in the Małopolskie voivodship, which in 2020 reached the highest debt level in Poland. The financial condition of the Raciechowice municipality is compared with the Ostrowice municipality, which was abolished on January 1, 2020 by including its territory into Drawsko Pomorskie. The core conclusion of the study is the fact that the delivery of public services by budgetary units contributes to the increase of the financial debt of the Raciechowice municipality. The decisions of central authorities, which instead of implementing long-term solutions during the pandemic availed themselves of emergency aid tools, also impact the increase in the budgetary deficit. This resulted in the necessity of finding additional resources on the part of local government units and in consequence led to the growth of the non-bank financial intermediary market.
E-komunikowanie publiczne w warunkach pandemii COVID-19 – doświadczenia małych miast Dolnego Śląska
Authors:   Instytut Politologii Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, Polska, Glinka Kamil
Published: June 2021

The aim of the article is to analyze the process of public e-communication in the so-called first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, i.e., between March and August 2020. The selection of the studied cases – seventy-two small towns in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship – allows for the following hypothesis: there is a certain model of public e-communication about the COVID-19 pandemic based on specific: (1) institutional and legal solutions; (2) instruments; (3) thematic threads. The use of several different, though complementary, research methods (comparative analysis, content analysis, questionnaire) leads to the conclusion that the hypothesis can be confirmed only partially. It turns out that the process of e-communication between small towns and the internal environment (inhabitants) is based on certain truncated "components", which does not change the fact that these towns also perceive the need to exchange content (in the form of text, graphics, audio or video) on the nature of the COVID-19 pandemic and related changes and limitations.
Novas tecnologias, capitalismo de dados e a dinâmica de proteção dos direitos fundamentais
Authors: Leandro da Silva Noemi , Cotomacci Gustavo
Published: June 2021

O presente artigo busca compreender a evolução histórica dos direitos fundamentais, o avanço das novas tecnologias na era digital em que vivemos e novo modelo de capitalismo de dados. Dada a importância dos três assuntos em nossa sociedade buscamos compreender como as tecnologias que viabilizam o capitalismo pautado na obtenção e processamento de dados pessoais, atualmente ativo mais valioso das empresas, impacta a dinâmica de proteção dos direitos fundamentais já consagrados, e traz à discussão questões como o modelo de liberdade vigiada que presenciamos com o advento da internet, redes sociais e modernos aparelhos celulares; além da lógica de facilidade e comodidades que impute, de maneira sutil, o capitalismo de dados que nos torna cada vez mais reféns das escolhas feitas pelas grandes empresas. E até mesmo a aparente liberdade democrática que pode estar se tornando uma democracia manipulada, ou seja, uma imposição revestida de aparente escolha da maioria. Por fim, demonstraremos a proteção de dados pessoais em uma sociedade com grandes avanços tecnológicos que se torna tão fundamental em erguê-la ao rol de direitos de maior proteção jurídica, os direitos fundamentais.
ENZYMATIC SACHARIFICATION OF ALKALINE PRETREATED RICE STRAW BY CELLULASE FROM CELLULOSIMICROBIUM SP. MP1
Authors: Xuan Dao Thi Thanh , Ha Le Thanh , Tien Phi Quyet
Published: June 2021

The effects of different physical and technological parameter such as time, substrate to liquid ratio, enzyme concentration, temperature, and pH on enzymatic saccharification of alkaline pretreated straw cellulose were studied. For alkaline pretreatment, the straw was incubated with 10 % NaOH at ratio 1:20 (w/v) at 90 °C for 1 hour. After the alkaline pretreatment the cellulose content increased from 50.2 % (w/w) to 67.3 % (w/w). Enzyme used for saccharification of treated and untreated straw  was produced from Cellulosimicrobium sp MP1 which was isolated from termite gut. Results from research showed that the highest percentage of saccharification of alkaline pretreated straw was 69.91 %, corresponding to 10.58 mg/mL of reducing sugar. The hydrolysis conditions for reaching this highest saccharification yield were: temperature of 55 ºC, substrate to liquid ratio of 2 g/100 mL, enzyme concentration of 37.5 U/g, pH of 5.5 and hydrolysis time of 48 hours.
Silver nanoparticles: Green Synthesis and Their Antibacterial efficiency
Authors: Ngo Thanh Dung , Ha Minh Nguyet , Le Thi Thanh Tam , Le Trong Lu
Published: June 2021

In this study, silver nanoparticles were synthesized from aqueous silver nitrate through a simple and eco-friendly route using a combination of two reducing agents: sodium citrate and tannic acid. By this method, the obtained Ag nanoparticles (NPs) were stable within the studied period of six months. Besides, both TEM images and UV-Vis results showed that the size of silver NPs could be controlled by changing the concentration of tannic acid. The antibacterial ability of Ag NPs with different sizes were also examined. In detail, the smaller the Ag NPs were, the more efficient their antibacterial activity was.
DEVELOPMENT OF DIRECTIONAL ALGORITHM FOR THREE-WHEEL OMNIDIRECTIONAL AUTONOMOUS MOBILE ROBOT
Authors: Truong Le Phuong , Liang Tsai Huan Liang Tsai , Tuan Huynh Cao
Published: June 2021

A The proposed system developed an omnidirectional algorithm to control autonomous mobile robots with three wheels. The implementation system consists of three Planet DC motors with rated power of 80 W for three wheels, three encoders for speed feedback, one encoder for distance feedback, and one digital compass sensor for angle feedback. The main system with an STM32F407 microcontroller is designed for directional control of wheels based the signal received from compass sensor and encoder and then controls three subsystems to adjust the steering speed of each wheel. The sub-system is built to control only one DC motor for each wheel with the built-in proportional integral derivative controller (PID) algorithm by an STM32F103 microcontroller.  Furthermore, the directional control algorithm is developed for three omnidirectional wheels and a PID algorithm is designed to control the speed of DC motor for each wheel. From the results the proposed system has the advantages: (1) to auto adjust the angle and position; (2) to erase the sensor for tracking line of the automobile robot; (3) cost-effectiveness and high accuracy
Monte Carlo Simulation of Kinetic Phenomena in Solids Using OpenACC Parallel Computing Technology
Authors:   Volgograd State Technical University, Abdrakhmanov Vladimir , Abdrakhmanov Dmitry ,   Volgograd State Technical University, Zav’yalov Dmitry ,   Volgograd State Technical University, Konchenkov Vladimir ,   Volgograd State Technical University
Published: June 2021

The development of a software package using the OpenACC parallel computing technology for Monte Carlo simulation of the kinetic coefficients of homogeneous semiconductor materials is presented. The package is a set of interconnected classes, the parameters of the material and external fields are redefined in the child classes available to the user, which makes it possible to model a wide range of materials. The package allows us to use models of elastic (acoustic phonons, charged impurities) and inelastic (polar and nonpolar optical phonons) electron scattering in the single-band approximation. The use of OpenACC technology makes it possible to use both shared memory systems and hybrid systems equipped with graphics processors as a computing platform. The possibility of saving data about each particle at each time step of the simulation is provided. It allowed, in particular, to trace the dependence of the average collision frequency of the energy of charge carriers and strength of the DC electric field applied to the sample, in the beta-modification of gallium oxide, to assess the applicability of the conductivity models offered by other research groups. It is shown that the greatest contribution to the conductivity of the beta modification of gallium oxide at room temperatures is made by the scattering of electrons on polar optical phonons, and the average collision frequency, as well as the percentage of collisions of an electron with various types of inhomogeneities of the crystal lattice, weakly depend on the strength of the constant electric field. At a temperature of about 100 K, with an increase in the constant electric field applied to the sample, firstly, the proportion of scattering with the emission of polar optical phonons increases significantly and the proportion of scattering on charged impurities decreases, and secondly, the total frequency of collisions increases. This is due, on the one hand, to the heating of the electron gas by an electric field and the activation of scattering channels with the emission of a phonon at a given temperature, on the other hand, to an insufficiently rapid increase in the concentration of current carriers due to the ionization of impurities. Thanks to the Monte Carlo simulation, it was possible to directly evaluate the validity of the use of the Farvaque correction for an approximate description of the processes of inelastic electron scattering on polar optical phonons by introducing some effective relaxation time.
The Use of the MCNP Code for Radiation Damage Calculations
Authors:   University of Raparin, Hiwa Mohammad
Published: June 2021

This work gives a detailed analysis of the result of Monte Carlo physics practical using MCNP. This paper describes basic concepts of the Monte Carlo theory of radiation transport calculation and also discusses the variance and the history method as used in Monte Carlo Problem solving. Therefore, in this exercise the MCNP code has been used to solve and estimate the number of neutron flux. The paper investigated the impact of the primary radiation damage in iron by the neutron energy irradiation. The established measurement of radiation damage is the displacements per atom (dpa) in matter as a function of neutron energy. The simulations were carried out to calculate the dpa cross section.
Marcello Malpighi: the nervous system under a microscope
Authors: ENGELHARDT Eliasz
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT The longstanding study of gross anatomy experienced a considerable improvement with the advent of the microscope in the early 17th century. The representative personality of this new era certainly was Marcello Malpighi, seen as “founder of microscopic anatomy”. He studied, with a rudimentary compound microscope, numerous tissues and organs of several classes of animals, as well as plants. He described, for the first time, the microscopic structure of the nervous system, identifying in the gray matter of its various levels minute elements he took as “glands”. It should be reminded that the concept of “cell” (and “nerve cell”) was unknown at his time. Many researchers followed, performing microscopic studies, but without better results, and Malpighi’s view was maintained until the beginning of the 19th century, when new histological processing and staining techniques appeared, as well as improved microscopes.
Ethical reflexivity in qualitative research: the use of cinematographic movies as an instrument for continuous training
Authors: Gomes Doris , Hoffmann Juliara Bellina , Finkler Mirelle
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze ethically, aesthetically and politically the cine-debate of the movie “Human”, reflecting on training of researchers in qualitative research. Methods: the debate about moral questions as the essence of humanity was based on Narrative Bioethics; the comprehensive, relational and reflective character of qualitative methods; and the ethical and social sense of qualitative researches. Results: the narratives of the experiences of morality, loaded with facts and valuations, highlighting the importance of reflexivity in all phases of the qualitative research process, from thinking about themes and research questions to fieldwork, from data analysis to the production of reports, fostering the researcher’s responsibility both in the intervention for understanding and narrating the world, and in its possible transformation. Final Considerations: cinematographic art becomes an instrument of reflexivity capable of affecting and mobilizing students, in a fusion of horizons of understanding of different universes that dialogue.
Professional practice in caring for maternal grief in the face of stillbirth in two countries
Authors: Paris Gisele Ferreira , Montigny Francine de , Pelloso Sandra Marisa
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand professional care for maternal grief in the puerperium of stillbirth. Methods: a clinical-qualitative study with all the women who had stillbirths living in Maringá (Brazil) and participating in the Center d’Études et de Recherche in Family Intervention at the University of Quebec in Outaouais in Gatineau (Canada). Semi-structured interviews were carried out and the relevant aspects were categorized into themes. Results: the identified categories were: Assistance received in the puerperium with a focus on grief: hospital and outpatient environment, and Professional support in coping with maternal grief after fetal loss: with contact and memories, without contact and without memories and impossibilities of contact with the baby. Final considerations: the need for a multidisciplinary support and monitoring network for women who experienced fetal loss was evident. From this study, a routine of care for grief can be implemented in Brazil based on experiences in Canada.
Atuação Docente na Educação Básica em Tempo de Pandemia
Authors: Cipriani Flávia Marcele , Moreira Antônio Flávio Barbosa , Carius Ana Carolina
Published: June 2021

Resumo: Este artigo considera a docência na Educação Básica, no contexto brasileiro, durante a pandemia da Covid-19 e suspensão das aulas presenciais. A pesquisa contou com a participação de 209 professores da cidade de Juiz de Fora, MG, que responderam ao questionário utilizado como instrumento. O objetivo foi analisar os pensamentos, sentimentos, desafios e perspectivas dos docentes nesse período de calamidade. Foi realizada a análise de conteúdo e a estatística descritiva dos dados. Os achados apontam conjuntos categoriais emergentes que destacam as preocupações docentes com as acentuadas desigualdades, as principais dificuldades nas práticas educativas curriculares e as expectativas dos profissionais da educação com o retorno às escolas.
Extensão Universitária como Prática Educativa na Promoção da Saúde
Authors: Santana Regis Rodrigues , Santana Cristina Célia de Almeida Pereira , Costa Neto Sebastião Benício da , Oliveira Ênio Chaves de
Published: June 2021

Resumo: O artigo objetivou averiguar as contribuições da extensão universitária na formação profissional e na promoção da saúde. Tratou-se de um estudo de revisão, com consulta às bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE e Scielo em junho de 2019. Conforme critérios de elegibilidade, foram selecionados 18 artigos. Após síntese, os dados foram dispostos em tabelas e quadros. A abordagem metodológica mais utilizada foi a descritiva-qualitativa com enfoque no trabalho multidisciplinar, formação acadêmica e interação academia-comunidade. A extensão foi compreendida como estratégia para promover saúde e uma ferramenta factível para o desenvolvimento profissional. Considerou-se, todavia, necessário maior incentivo para seu fortalecimento e efetivação social.
BANKACILIK SEKTÖRÜ ÇALIŞANLARININ SOSYAL TİCARETE İLGİLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: AKTAŞ Murat Can , KARAMAN Ersin , BÖLEN Mehmet Cem
Published: June 2021

Ticaret, insan hayatında uzun süredir var olan alanlardan biridir. Geçmişten günümüze iletişim ve teknoloji alanlarında yaşanan gelişmeler, ticaret için de farklı zeminler oluşmasını sağlamıştır. Sosyal medya platformları ile ticaret faaliyetlerinin kesiştiği noktada ortaya çıkan sosyal ticaret alanı için günümüzün gelişmekte olan yeni ticaret ortamlarından biri konumundadır. Bu çalışmada, bankacılık sektörü çalışanlarının sosyal ticaret üzerine ilgileri demografik özellikler üzerinden karşılaştırılarak incelenmektedir. Kullanıcılardan veri toplama aşamasında anket yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. Pilot çalışmada 81 banka personeli çalışmaya katılmıştır. Pilot çalışmanın ardından bankacılık sektörü çalışanlarına yönelik olarak 402 katılımcı anket formundaki ifadeleri yanıtlamıştır. Toplanan yanıtlar üzerinde faktör analizi yapılmış ve genel ilgi dışında beş farklı ilgi başlığı belirlenmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda beş farklı ilgiye göre katılımcıların demografik özellikleri arasındaki farklılıklar incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda; genç katılımcıların sosyal ticaret ilgilerinin diğer demografik özelliklerdeki katılımcılara göre daha yüksek olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca cinsiyet özelliği açısından yapılan karşılaştırmalarda kadın katılımcıların sosyal ticaret faaliyetlerine daha fazla ilgi gösterdikleri belirlenmiştir.
İZMİR DEPREM AFETİNDEN ETKİLENENLER ÜZERİNE SOSYOLOJİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA: DEPREMLE İLGİLİ TOPLUMSAL BİLİNCİ ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLERİN ANALİZİ
Authors: AKPOLAT Yıldız , KAYA Gazanfer , ÇALIŞKAN Aykut , KARAAĞAÇ Şebnem
Published: June 2021

Doğal afetlerin ve özelde depremlerin oluşturduğu tehlikelerin üstesinden gelme maksadıyla toplumsal bilinç ve algı düzeyinin belirlenmesi sosyolojik araştırma alanları içerisinde kendisine yer bulmaktadır. Alan yazınında afet algısı farkında olma terimiyle açıklanmaktadır. Sosyal algının inşa edilme sürecinde sosyolojik bakış açısı insanların fiziksel ve sosyal dünyayı anlamasına ve etkileşimde bulunmasına odaklanmaktadır. Deprem riskinin dünyada ve Türkiye'deki yansımaları değerlendirildiğinde yapılan analizlerin; depremin bir doğa olayının yarattığı riskin ötesinde, ülkelerin gerçekliğine bağlı olarak toplumsal bir risk özelliği taşıdığı ifade edilmiştir. Bu araştırma, 30.10.2020 tarihinde İzmir kentinde meydana gelen depremin toplumsal bilinç üzerine yansımalarını incelemektedir. Bu çerçevede metodolojik açıdan nitel araştırma veri toplama teknikleri arasında yer alan görüşme formu önceden hazırlanmış, soru formları sistematik bir biçimde görüşülenin deneyimlerinin elde edilmesini amaçlamıştır. Çalışmaya Bayraklı, Buca ve Bornova ilçelerinden 336 katılım sağlanmıştır. Devamında nicel araştırma yöntemleri arasında yer alan tarama araştırması kapsamında survey tekniğine dayalı tarama deseni sonrası tanımlayıcı veriler yapılandırılmış, görüşme formunda yer alan sorular düzenlenmiş ve veri madenciliği teknikleri arasında sınıflandırma yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Depreme dair depremzedelerin bilgi düzeyinin test edildiği araştırmada“mahalle bilgisi, eğitim durumu, hanede yaşayan birey sayısı, mülkiyetin sağlamlığı düşüncesi, yaş, mülkiyeti edinme nedeni, aylık toplam geliri, mahallede ne kadar yıl yaşandığı ve bina yaşı” değişkenlerinin önemi bulgulanmıştır. Bu açıdan risk teşkil eden ve deprem bölgesinde yer alan fiziki alanlarda ikamet eden bireylerden yerleşim yerinin risk düzeylerine göre imar düzenlemelerinin ivedilikle yerine getirilmesi ve depreme dair özellikle kadınların ev içerisinde daha uzun süre kalmalarından dolayı bilinç düzeylerinin artırılması gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır.
A method for determining the local mechanical properties using nanoindentation in oscillating mode
Authors:   Institute of continuous media mechanics UB RAS, Izyumov R. I. , Belyaev A. Yu. ,   Institute of continuous media mechanics UB RAS, Svistkov A. L. ,   Perm State University
Published: June 2021

A new method of processing of data obtained using atomic force microscopy (AFM) in the oscil-lating nanoindentation mode is proposed. The model of the AFM probe on elastic beam (canti-lever) interaction with a sample is developed. In addition to the static load, applied on a base of the cantilever, a force modulation, according to a harmonic law, is set. This approach makes possible to take into account not only the force of the probe-material interaction but also the phase shift of the cantilever oscillations with respect to a given harmonic signal on the cantilever base as well as the amplitudes ratio of these oscillations. This information allows the presence of the viscosity in the material evaluating. The advantage of the oscillatory regime over quasistatic indentation was shown. It consists in the possibility to exclude the influence of irreversible pro-cesses (plastic, brittle fracture in the material) on the result of the experiment and to reveal the presence of the time dependent behavior. It is shown that the model contains a small amount of constants; methods for their determination are proposed. The calculations, performed using the developed model, made it possible to make a number of recommendations on choosing the can-tilever stiffness to obtain the most informative experimental results. This approach seems per-spective in studying materials with a high degree of stiffness inhomogeneity, including the deter-mination of the local properties of filled nanocomposites near filler particles.
Study of the stability of a thin liquid layer in the Landau–Levich problem
Authors:   Perm State Humanitarian-Pedagogical University, Lyushnin A. V. , Permyakova K. A. ,   Perm State Humanitarian-Pedagogical University
Published: June 2021

The stability of the liquid layer in the Landay–Levich problem is theoretically investigated. The free energy of this layer is the sum of the dispersion (van der Waals) interaction and the specific electrical interaction caused by the presence of two electric layers at both interphase boundaries. In the framework of long-wave approximation, the stability of such a system with respect to perturbations is studied in the system of Navier–Stokes equations. A stability map is provided for different layer thicknesses.
ANTHROPOGENIC TRANSFORMATIONS OF THE LANDSCAPES IN THE EASTERN PART OF BELARUSIAN POLESIE, 19th-21st CENTURIES
Authors:   Gomel State University, Gusev Andrey P. , Andrushko Svetlana V. ,   Gomel State University
Published: June 2021

Due to the relatively high degree of anthropogenic transformation, the landscapes of Belarusian Polesie should be considered natural-anthropogenic, represented by 3 classes, namely agricultural, agricultural-forest and forest (the forestry subclass). The research on the anthropogenic transformations of the landscapes in the eastern part of Belarusian Polesie over the 19th – 21st centuries involves a study of the dynamics of the land use structure as well as an assessment of the anthropogenic transformations and changes in the environmental stability of the landscapes. At the final stage of the study, the structure of natural and anthropogenic landscapes and its temporal changes are determined. It has been established that over 150 years, in the studied region the specific area of built-up and disturbed lands and the specific area of arable land have increased (by 11.5 times and 2 times, respectively), the area of swamps has decreased (by 7.4 times), the specific area of forests and grasslands has remained unchanged. It is in the lacustrine-alluvial and lacustrine-swampy landscapes where the structure of land use has changed to the greatest extent (a significant part of the swamps have been transformed into agricultural and forest lands). It has been found that the greatest anthropogenic transformation has been characteristic of the secondary-moraine, moraine-outwash, and monticulate-moraine-erosive landscapes, which resulted from their significant agricultural development (both in the middle of the 19th and in the early 21st century) as well as the location of major cities in the south of Belarus (Gomel, Mozyr, Rechitsa) within the area of the mentioned landscapes.
TOURISM NEEDS GEOGRAPHIC MANAGEMENT (Concerning the paper Spatial Approach to Tourism Geography by S.A. Tarkhov)
Authors:   Institute of Earth Sciences, St. Petersburg State University, Chistobaev Anatoly I.
Published: June 2021

Tourism geography as a scientific and educational discipline has gone through a number of stages in its development - from comprehensive study of tourist sites to the development of theory and methodology for the formation of tourist-recreational systems and their spatial structures. Corresponding departments were established at geography faculties of Russian universities. Some of them specialize exclusively within the geographical area of expertise, while others have incorporated some aspects of management science, in our case – in the service sector. Experience has shown that students prefer the latter specialization. The author believes that the reason for this phenomenon, being negative for geographical science, is ignoring the issues of marketing and management when giving lectures on tourism geography. This fact was clearly manifested in the article by S.A. Tarkhov. Polemizing with him, the author of the given response article substantiates his vision of the scientific and educational discipline for future specialists in the field of spatial development of tourism.