bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of the activity of the antioxidant system in experimental periodontitis
Authors: Khaydar Dalila , Zakhvatov Alexey , Tarasova Tatyana , Kozlov Valentin , Timoshkin Vladislav , Kalabkin Evgeniy , Timoshkina Maya , Potapova Liana
Published: February 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity of the antioxidant system when creating a model of periodontitis in an experiment in rats. We made a model of periodontitis in rats (n = 10) by ligating the first two molars with a ligature. The control group consisted of intact rats (n = 10). In all animals, we determined the level of activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase and free hydroxyproline in blood plasma on the 3rd, 7th, 25th days. As a result, we revealed a significant decrease in the activity of enzymes of the antioxidant system in the main group compared with the control (p <0.001). Also, the rats of the main group had a negative correlation between the level of catalase (r = -0.84), and superoxide dismutase (r = -0.79) in relation to the parameters of free hydroxyproline. Conclusion: Low antioxidant status in rats with periodontitis leads to destruction of collagen structures in periodontal tissues.
EXACTITUD DIAGNÓSTICA DE LA TOMOGRAFÍA COMPUTARIZADA EN LA ESTADIFICACIÓN DEL CÁNCER DE COLON
Authors: Carcamo Gruebler Leonardo Cristian , Henriquez Hector , Figueroa Daniela , Imigo Felipe , San Martin Rodrigo , Molina Maria Elena , Urrejola Gonzalo
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: Una terapia emergente para el cáncer de colon es la neoadyuvancia, en casos seleccionados. Dicha selección se basa en el análisis preoperatorio de imágenes mediante tomografía computada. Nuestro objetivo es determinar la exactitud diagnóstica del examen para estadificar el cáncer de colon y su correlación entre radiólogos expertos.Material y métodos: Estudio de exactitud diagnóstica. Previo cálculo muestral se seleccionaron aleatoriamente 47 pacientes con adenocarcinoma colónico resecado con intención curativa e imágenes hasta 60 días previo cirugía.  Se evaluó profundidad de invasión tumoral e invasión linfonodal por 2 radiólogos expertos y ciegos entre sí. Las diferencias fueron auditadas por un tercer radiólogo experto. Se compararon resultados con la biopsia, calculando la sensibilidad, especificidad, valor predictivo negativo, valor predictivo positivo y exactitud diagnóstica del examen. Se calculó la concordancia entre radiólogos mediante el índice de kappa.Resultados: La exactitud para diferenciar tumores T3-T4 de T1-T2 fue del 89,4%. En cambio, la capacidad para diferenciar tumores T4 de los T3 fue de un 65,9%. La exactitud para determinar un N (+) fue de un 66%. La concordancia entre radiólogos fue de 0,929 para identificar tumores T1-2, de 0,602 para T3, de 0,584 para T4. Para determinar un N (+), la concordancia fue de 0,521.Discusión y Conclusión: La exactitud diagnóstica de la tomografía computada en cáncer de colon es adecuada para distinguir tumores avanzados. Sin embargo, su capacidad para discriminar entre T3 y T4, los N (+) y la baja concordancia entre radiólogos, sugiere la necesidad de buscar técnicas imagenológicas complementarias.
Hidrops vesicular secundario a vólvulo: reporte de un caso
Authors: Gaete Dañobeitía María Inés , Rao Shuai Isabel , Manzor Véliz Manuel Francisco
Published: February 2022

Introducción: El vólvulo de vesícula biliar (VVB) es una causa extremadamente rara de colecistitis aguda. Aproximadamente 500 casos han sido reportados en la literatura mundial. Puede generar una obstrucción total del drenaje vesicular e isquemia con alto riesgo de progresar a perforación y peritonitis biliar. Caso clínico: Mujer de 90 años consultó por dolor hipogástrico de inicio súbito, asociado a masa abdominal palpable y dolorosa en flanco y fosa ilíaca derecha. Tomografía axial computada de abdomen y pelvis demostró una acentuada distensión de la vesícula biliar, ubicada por fuera de la fosa vesicular y con un punto sugerente de torsión. Fue sometida a laparotomía exploradora, desvolvulación seguida de colecistectomía, con evolución postoperatoria favorable. Discusión: Para el desarrollo de un VVB se requiere una “vesícula flotante”, su cuadro clínico es inespecífico y muchas veces es confundido con una colecistitis aguda litiásica, su diagnóstico preoperatorio es difícil pese al estudio con imágenes. La intervención quirúrgica oportuna es el único tratamiento resolutivo, con excelentes resultados. Conclusión: La VVB es una patología rara, representa un desafío diagnóstico tanto para cirujanos como radiólogos.
EFECTOS PANDEMIA EN LA FORMACIÓN QUIRÚRGICA: VISIÓN DEL RESIDENTE DE CIRUGÍA GENERAL
Authors: Gaete Letelier Deycies Ivonne
Published: February 2022

La pandemia ha generado importantes repercusiones en las oportunidades de aprendizaje asistenciales en la formación de los Residentes, principalmente en cirugías programadas, y, aún más importante, en el bienestar psicosocial de los mismos y sus familias. Dentro de las estrategias que proponemos para mermar los daños de la pandemia están; fomentar la implementación de Centros de Simulación como estrategia complementaria para adquirir habilidades técnicas, estandarización de los programas de formación, y, finalmente, la definición de las competencias y perfil de egreso del cirujano general.
Innovative Work Behavior pada Pegawai di DKI Jakarta: Pengaruh Learning Agility, Work Engagement, dan Digital Readiness
Authors:   BINUS Business School Undergraduate Program, Universitas Bina Nusantara, DKI Jakarta, Riswan Anggarekso Alfadjri , Salsabila Claresta ,   BINUS Business School Undergraduate Program, Universitas Bina Nusantara, DKI Jakarta, Mulya Dinda Puspita Rani ,   BINUS Business School Undergraduate Program, Universitas Bina Nusantara, DKI Jakarta, Saputra Nopriadi ,   BINUS Business School Undergraduate Program, Universitas Bina Nusantara, DKI Jakarta
Published: February 2022

Abstract Purpose: This paper aims to examine innovative work behavior and the impact of learning agility, work engagement, and digital readiness on employees at DKI Jakarta. Research Methodology: This paper is based on the quantitative study by using a survey method through questionnaire distribution with 407 respondents of employees who work in DKI Jakarta. As for the data analysis technique, this analysis used SPSS with regression technique in simple regression. Results: This paper proves statistically there are significant and positive impacts from each variable (work engagement, digital readiness, and learning agility) on the innovative work behavior of employees in DKI Jakarta. Also, there are significant and positive impacts from each variable (work engagement and digital readiness) on learning agility. But learning agility does not have a role as an intervening variable in influencing the relationship between work engagement, digital readiness, and innovative work behavior. Limitations: This paper is using nonprobability sampling and also limited to employees who work in DKI Jakarta. Contribution: This paper shows how work engagement and digital readiness affect learning agility which has an impact on the innovative work behavior of employees in DKI Jakarta.
Pengelolaan Pembelajaran Maharah Istima’ dan Kalam Oleh Himpunan Mahasiswa Prodi PBA STIQ Amuntai
Authors: Alfianor Alfianor
Published: February 2022

Pengelolaan pembelajaran merupakan hal yang sangat penting dan utama untuk memudahkan jalannya suatu pembelajaran. Pengelolaan yang baik dan benar akan memudahkan mencapai tujuan pembelajaran dan menghasilkan output yang sesuai dengan tujuan pembelajaran. Namun, jika pengelolaan pembelajaran tidak disusun dan dirancang dengan baik dan benar maka dalam proses pembelajaran akan mengalami problem dan kendala yang menyebabkan tidak stabilnya pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi bagaimana pengelolaan pembelajaran maharah istima’ dan maharah kalam oleh HMP PBA STIQ Amuntai. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Adapun Teknik analisis data menggunakan Teknik Miles dan Huberman yaitu reduksi data, display data dan verifikasi data. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan gambaran dan informasi bahwa pengelolaan pembelajaran maharah istima’ dan maharah kalam oleh HMP PBA STIQ Amuntai sudah tersusun secara terstruktur dan berjalan dengan baik. Namun, ada beberapa hal yang masih belum terpenuhi sebagaimana layaknya pengelolaan pembelajaran yang baik dan benar. Seperti halnya belum adanya penyusunan evaluasi pembelajaran yang benar-benar dapat mengukur dan mengetahui berhasilnya suatu pembelajaran. Penelitian diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi kepada para pengajar dimanapun berada, baik secara teoretis maupun secara praktis. Sehingga diharapkan juga dengan adanya penelitian ini bisa menjadi masukan bagi HMP PBA STIQ Amuntai untuk lebih menyempurnakan dan memperbaiki program atau pengelolaan pembelajaran maharah istima’ dan maharah kalam.
Evaluating the effect of ultrasound–guided superficial serratus plane block, deep serratus plane block and thoracic epidural analgesia in cancer patients undergoing thoracotomy: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Abdelrahman Ayman Sharawy , Wasseef Mohamed Mosaad Al , Hassan Mohamed Elsayed , Abdelghafar Ekramy M
Published: February 2022

Background & objective: The serratus anterior plane block (SAPB) is a recent technique providing effective perioperative analgesia in thoracic surgeries. This study compared the intra–operative hemodynamics and the perioperative analgesic efficacy of superficial SAPB, to deep SAPB, and to thoracic epidural analgesia in thoracotomies.
Methodology: one hundred and eighty lung cancer patients scheduled for thoracotomy were randomly allocated to three groups; TEA group, which received thoracic epidural analgesia, SSPB group receiving ultrasound–guided superficial serratus plane block and DSPB group which received US–guided deep serratus plane block. Baseline and intra–operative hemodynamics and total consumption of intraoperative fentanyl and postoperative morphine was noted.
Results: Intra–operative mean arterial pressure (MAP) significantly decreased in the TEA group compared to baseline values, whereas no significant changes were found in either SSPB or DSPB groups. Heart rate (HR) did not show significant changes in any group. The time to postoperative analgesic demand was significantly longer in the SSPB and DSPB groups than in the TEA group (p < 0.001). In the first postoperative hour, TEA group had significantly higher visual analogue scale (VAS) scores than SSPB or DSPB groups at rest and with cough. The total consumption of intraoperative fentanyl and postoperative morphine was comparable among all groups.
Conclusion: Pre–operative SSPB and DSPB can provide adequate perioperative analgesia without hemodynamic instability when compared to TEA in thoracotomies.
Key words: Deep serratus plane block; Superficial serratus plane block; Thoracic epidural analgesia; Analgesia; Thoracotomy
Trial registration: The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with registration number (NCT 04189120). https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04189120
Citation: Abdelrahman AS, Al Wasseef MM, Hassan ME, Abdelghafar EM. Evaluating the effect of ultrasound–guided superficial serratus plane block, deep serratus plane block and thoracic epidural analgesia in cancer patients undergoing thoracotomy: A randomized controlled trial. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2021;25(6):713–721;
DOI: 10.35975/apic.v25i6.1690
Anesthetic management of a patient with myotonia congenita
Authors: Hasan Syed Shakir
Published: February 2022

Myotonia congenita is also known as Becker’s disease. It is a genetic disorder in which skeletal muscles are unable to relax quickly after voluntary movements. Symptoms may vary from person to person and may include muscle stiffness and weakness initiated by movement after rest.
Myotonia congenita was first described by Thomsen in 1876 as a disorder of skeletal muscles. Patients suffer from muscle contractility and fatigue which occurs as a consequence of the mutation of the chloride channel gene on the 17th chromosome. These patients have a high risk of developing malignant hyperthermia during anesthesia, and call for full preparation to prevent and deal with this complication.
Key words: Becker’s disease; Myotonia congenita; Anesthesia; Malignant hyperthermia
Citation: Hasan SS. Anesthetic management of a patient with myotonia congenita. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2021;25(6):816–818 ;
DOI: 10.35975/apic.v25i6.1712
Received: August 25, 2021, Reviewed: September 19, 2021, Accepted: October 03, 2021
Airway management practices in COVID ICU during the first and second phases of the pandemic: our experience
Authors: Nazir Nazia , Saxena Anupriya
Published: February 2022

Various airway management devices and techniques have been revised and recommended to be used in COVID patients.1 In India, during the first wave (April 2020 to November 2020)2 the intubation strategy included: consultant-led intubation teams, the use of video laryngoscope (VL) and aerosol box (AB).3 During the second wave (April 2021 to June 2021),2 the intubation procedures were modified according to the availability of the resources, manpower, and some experience gained from the first wave.
Key words: Airway management; COVID-19; Pandemic; Intensive care
Citation: Nazir N, Saxena A. Airway management practices in COVID ICU during the first and second phases of the pandemic: our experience. . Anaesth. pain intensive care 2021;25(6):834–835;
DOI: 10.35975/apic.v25i6.1716
SPEAKERS
Authors: Khan Tariq H.
Published: February 2022

SPEAKERS
Ultrasound-guided interscalene block is effective for anesthesia and postoperative analgesia for clavicle fracture surgery
Authors: Susila Dedi , Laksono Ristiawan Muji
Published: February 2022

Background & Objective: General anesthesia is commonly used during clavicular fracture surgery; however, it has been associated with hemodynamic fluctuations, airway and respiratory problems, stress response, and postoperative nausea and vomiting. We assessed the effectiveness and side effects of ultrasound-guided interscalene block when used for anesthesia and postoperative analgesia for clavicle fracture surgery.

Methodology: This study was conducted on 48 patients who were planned for clavicle fracture surgery. Patients were given premedication with midazolam 0.05 mg/kg and pethidine 0.5-1 mg/kg intramuscularly. Patients received ultrasound-guided interscalene block using nerve stimulator and 0.5% ropivacaine 30 ml or bupivacaine 0.375%. Postoperatively, almost all patients received non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (COX–1 or COX–2). Postoperative pain was evaluated using a visual analog scale (VAS) at 12, 24, 36, and 48 h postoperatively. Patients received a rescue dose of intravenous fentanyl when the VAS > 4. Block was successful if the surgery was completed without shifting to general anesthesia. The data was analyzed using the T-test and Man Whitney-test using SPSS 20.

Result: 95.83% of patients received a successful block. The mean pre-operative VAS was 3.48 ± 1.27 and significantly decreased in the post-operative period; 1.48 ± 0.77 (12 h post-op), 1.79 ± 1.05 (24 h post-op), 1.21 ± 0.41 (36 h postop), and 1.04 ± 0.20 (48 h postoperative) (p=0.000). The preoperative and postoperative mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pulse rate of the patients remained stable. There was no incidence of nausea, vomiting, or other complications.

Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided interscalene block is effective and safe as an anesthetic and for postoperative analgesia in clavicle fracture surgery.

Key words: Clavicular fracture; Interscalene block; Analgesia; Anesthesia

Cittion: Susila D, Laksono RM. Ultrasound-guided interscalene block is effective for anesthesia and postoperative analgesia for clavicle fracture surgery. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2021;26(1):25–30

DOI: 10.35975/apic.v26i1.1762

Received: May 6, 2921, Reviewed: November 5, 2021, Accepted: December 21, 2021
Comparison of intrathecal fentanyl and buprenorphine as adjuvants to bupivacaine in gynecological surgery
Authors: Singh Yashpal , Yadav Adarsh Kumar , Bajpai Vijeta , Diwedi Priyanka , Verma Shekhar , Verma Ravi Kumar
Published: February 2022

Background & Objective: Hyperbaric bupivacaine is the most commonly used local anesthetic for spinal anesthesia, alone or in combination with various adjuvants. Opioids are frequently used for their rapid onset and intense block characteristics. Fentanyl is the preferred intrathecal opioids with rapid onset of action but has a shorter duration of action. Buprenorphine is a mixed agonist-antagonist with high affinity at both mu and kappa opioid receptors. We compared administration of buprenorphine with fentanyl as adjuvants with intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine in gynecological surgeries.

Methodology: After Institutional Ethical Committee approval and written informed consent, 60 patients aged 18–65 y, scheduled for lower abdominal gynecological surgery, were divided into two equal groups; Group F to receive 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine 2.5 ml with fentanyl 25 µg intrathecal and Group B to receive 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine 2.5 ml with buprenorphine 75 µg intrathecal. Block characteristics and associated side effects were compared between two groups. The data was analyzed using Chi square test and Fisher’s exact test. For comparing two group of mean, independent student’s t test was used. P-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

Results: The mean onset of sensory and motor block was significantly earlier in Group F than Group B (p < 0.001). Mean duration of sensory block was significantly prolonged in Group B compared to Group F (p < 0.05). Whereas, the duration of motor was comparable in both of the groups (p > 0.05). Duration of analgesia was significantly prolonged in Group B than Group F (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: We conclude that when a longer duration of postoperative pain relief is needed, buprenorphine can be a suitable drug to be used with intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine for gynecological surgeries because of prolonged duration of action.

Key words: Spinal anesthesia; Fentanyl; Buprenorphine; Bupivacaine

Citation: Singh Y, Yadav AK, Vijeta Bajpai, Diwedi P, Verma S, Verma RK. Comparison of intrathecal fentanyl and buprenorphine as adjuvants to bupivacaine in gynecological surgery. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2021;26(1):39-43.

DOI: 10.35975/apic.v26i1.1764
Injection of local anesthetic lateral to vertebral transverse process instead of conventional method for interscalene block in difficult cases with poor view
Authors: Heidarifar Reza , Amini Seyyed Mohammadreza , Lotfi Sarah , Ahmadi Abbas
Published: February 2022

Ultrasound guided (USG) peripheral nerve block techniques have become increasingly popular in regional anesthesia in the recent few years. USG interscalene brachial plexus block provides effective analgesia after a variety of of surgeries and have been shown to reduce opioid consumption, decrease postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), improve patient satisfaction, and decrease recovery room length of stay.1 Regardless of all of these advantages, there have been some complications associated with this technique. The most important complication is the phrenic nerve block. Therefore, impaired respiratory function is considered a relative contraindication to interscalene plexus block. It has been shown to cause ipsilateral hemidiaphragmatic paresis almost always due to phrenic nerve block.2, 3

Key words: Nerve Block/methods; Anesthetics, Local; Peripheral Nerves / diagnostic imaging; Ultrasonography, Interventional / methods 

Citation: Heidarifar R, Amini SM, Lotfi S, Ahmadi A. Injection of local anesthetic lateral to vertebral transverse process instead of conventional method for interscalene block in difficult cases with poor view. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2021;26(1):126-127.

DOI: 10.35975/apic.v26i1.1783
Determination of the dominant failure mechanism of P92 steam piping subjected to daily operational cycle using finite element (FE) technique
Authors: Salifu S , Desai D , Kok S
Published: February 2022

In a bid to minimise the cost of electrical energy production through the reduction in the quantity of coal usage, the power generation companies resolved to operate different daily cycles characterized by peak and off-peak energy demand periods. These daily operational cycles have left the power plant components operating in a possible creep-fatigue regime. As such, earlier failure of the plant’s components such as the steam pipes due to creep, fatigue, or the combination of both failure modes became inevitable. This study employed finite element (FE) technique to determine the dominant failure mechanism and useful life of P92 power generation steam piping subjected to one of the daily operational cycles. The outcome of the study showed that the failure of the piping when subjected to the daily cycle is creep dominated, and failure due to fatigue or possible creep-fatigue interaction was impossible since the daily cycle was insufficient to induce the extensive plastic strain required for the initiation and propagation of fatigue failure. Hence, the best form of operating steam pipe/piping is steady-state, since subjecting them to daily cycles significantly reduce their useful life.
Moringa oleifera Seed Actions Following Aspartame Consumption: A Systematic Evaluation of the Large Intestine
Authors: Chiedozie Mbadugha Christopher , Donatus Edem Gabriel , Amoo-Tella Shakirat Yetunde , Enang Uwakmfon-Abasi Ime
Published: February 2022

The study was carried out to assess the effect of oral administration of Moringa oleifera seed extract following aspartame consumption on the intestinal wall. Twenty-seven (27) rats were used for this study. They were divided into nine groups. Group A, the control group were administered distilled water, Group B were administered 0.4 ml of Aspartame, Group C were administered 1.5 ml of Aspartame, Group D1 were administered 0.6 ml of aspartame for the first three weeks followed by 1.5 ml of ethanolic extract of ground moringa seed on the fourth week, Group D2 was administered 0.5 ml of aspartame for the first three week followed by 1.3 ml of n-Hexane extract of ground moringa seed on the fourth week, Group E1 were administered 1.3 ml of apartame for the first three weeks, followed by 2.5 ml of ethanolic extract of ground moringa seed on the fourth week, Group E2, were administered 1.5 ml of aspartame for the first three weeks followed by 3.0 ml of n-Hexane extract of ground moringa seed on the fourth week, Group F1 were administered 1.4 ml of aspartame and 2.8 ml of ethanolic extract of ground moringa seed from week one to week four. Group F2 were administered 1.3 ml of aspartame and 2.5 ml of n-Hexane extract of ground moringa seed from week one to week four. The experiment lasted for 28 days. The rats were weighed once a week. On the 28th day, the rats were anaesthetized via chloroform inhalation; the large intestine harvested and fixed in 10% buffered formalin, processed and stained with Harris Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E). Blood were harvested for analysis of Blood Glucose Level. Data were expressed as Mean ± standard error of the Mean (M±SEM) and subjected to one-way analysis of variance. Significant difference between mean was accessed by Student-New-Man-Keuls post hoc test. 95% level of significance (p < 0.05) was used for statistical analysis. Ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera seed extract could not protect the Large intestine from the toxic effect of aspartame while the n-Hexane extract of Moringa oleifera seed has a protective effect on the large intestine.
The Relation of the Tensile & Shear Stress of Schmid & their Efficient Fracture Stress with Twins and Dislocations in TiAl Alloys
Authors: Xu Run , Hur Boyong , Lim Sugun , Kim Younwook
Published: February 2022

It is reasonable within the range from 45 ° to 90 °. It shows that it is maximum of the efficient resolved tensile and shear stress at 90°. The twin is the most active around 45 ° roughly the most active range is 22.5 to 67.5°. Therefore we believe that the possibility of twin is relatively high. The effective stress according to s2eff=ss2+tc2-2sstc cos (90°+ϕ) and the adapted effective stress s2eff=ss2+tc2 likely excludes a little deviation with 0~4MPa in Ti2AlNb. The deviation is largest with 4MPa in ϕ of 42.5° in Ti2AlNb. The range rate is 0.5%. According to efficient stress & twins and dislocation happen at λ=45°and 90°.
Potential of Polyherbal Formulation in Burn Wound Model
Authors: Mishra Swati , Mishra R. K. , Mishra Sruti Ranjan , Soni Himesh
Published: February 2022

Polyherbal formula has been used everywhere in the global because of its medicinal and healing application. It has additionally referred to as polyherbal therapy or herb-herb combination. In an age of integrated healthcare where Ayush therapies are being accepted along side the fashionable medicine, we see that these are separate compartments in theory and practice. Wound healing begins at the time of injury and can last for a variety of times depending on the severity of the wound. The wound healing process can be divided into three stages: the inflammatory phase, the proliferative phase, and finally the remodelling phase, which determines the strength and appearance of the healed tissues. In the present work an attempt had been made to evaluate wound healing potential of Polyherbal formulation contains Punica granatum and Coleus aromaticus extract in burn wound model.
Kinetic Study on Adsorption of Indigo Carmine Dye Effluents Using Activated Carbon Modified With Metal Chlorides
Authors: Pillai Sivanthaperumal , Ansari Thaminum
Published: February 2022

Heavy metal ions present in the groundwater are toxic pollutants which contaminated of water is a world-wide environmental problem. This paper studies that an attempt made to adsorption kinetics of Indigo carmine dye from dye effluents onto activated carbon modified with metal chlorides is keen interest. The results show that activated carbon modified with metal chlorides such as FeCl2, SrCl2, and BaCl2 can be used as effective adsorbents for the removal Indigo carmine dye from dye effluents was observed. The kinetics of indigo carmine dye was adsorbed onto activated carbon modified metal chlorides were analyzed using pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Results were found to follow pseudo-second order equation.
Ah ch'ibal canob: rethinking celestial animals in the Paris Codex 23-24
Authors: Iwaniszewski Stanisław
Published: February 2022

Pages 23 and 24 of the Post-Classic Paris Codex contain figures of thirteen celestial beasts interpreted as Maya zodiacal constellations. Traditional scholarship has long attempted to identify those animals with Western zodiacal constellations.  Assuming this is correct, it would mean the Maya had chosen thirteen figures or names to represent groupings of stars located on or near the ecliptic. Thus, contrary to twelve Western (Greek-Roman) zodiacal constellations, each representing about 30° of the ecliptic, the hypothetical Maya constellations would occupy 13 locations within the ecliptic band covering only 27°-28° of its circle. Implicit in this is the idea that Maya zodiacal animals constituted forms of being similar to those played by Western zodiacal ones. However, this almost automatic identification of the Paris Codex figures with the Western zodiac creates an epistemic barrier in understanding what celestial beasts could mean for the Maya. To describe them in a purely astronomical light may lead us to impose our own Western concepts upon theirs, merging different cultural concepts on one epistemic level, thus restricting the further exploration of ontologically different perspectives.

This paper aims to clarify the nature of the animals pictured in the Paris Codex 23-24.
УПРАВЛІНСЬКИЙ АНАЛІЗ ОСОБЛИВОСТЕЙ СИСТЕМИ КОНТРОЛІНГУ В ГОТЕЛЬНО-РЕСТОРАННОМУ БІЗНЕСІ
Authors: Гончар Л. О. , Поплавська А. В. , Аухімік О. В.
Published: February 2022

Статтю присвячено питанню здійснення управлінського аналізу особливостей системи контролінгу у сфері готельно-ресторанному бізнесу. Проведено аналіз наукових досліджень проблеми управлінського аналізу та визначено, що питання управлінського аналізу є недостатньо дослідженим. На основі здійсненого аналізу запропоновано авторський підхід до трактування сутності поняття «управлінський аналіз особливостей системи контролінгу в готельно-ресторанному бізнесі». Проаналізовано здійснення управлінського аналізу особливостей системи контролінгу на прикладі діяльності регіонального підприємства в готельно-ресторанному бізнесі, що дало змогу виділити ключові аспекти здійснення управлінського аналізу на підприємстві сфери послуг. Виділено інформаційну базу, на основі якої здійснюється внутрішній контроль у готельно-ресторанному бізнесі, що є підставою для здійснення внутрішнього контролю на підприємстві сфери гостинності. Визначено, що внутрішній контроль поділяється на документальний та фактичний, та окремо проаналізовано кожен із них. Проаналізовано ступінь автоматизації бізнес-процесів окремо в ресторані та готелі в діяльності регіонального підприємства сфери гостинності. Розглянуто управлінський облік як елемент здійснення управлінського аналізу та проаналізовано його організацію всередині підприємства. Визначено організаційну форму господарювання регіонального підприємства готельно-ресторанного бізнесу. Розглянуто проведення бухгалтерського обліку на підприємстві та визначено податкові зобов’язання керівництва підприємства. Відзначено необхідність застосування комплаєнсу на підприємствах сфери послуг. Проаналізовано застосування комплаєнс-контролю на прикладі регіонального підприємства, на підставі чого визначено, що REAM (Real Estate Asset Management), репутаційний та медико-санітарний види комплаєнс-менеджменту мають місце у функціонуванні підприємства. Установлено, що для досягнення підвищення ефективності діяльності підприємства необхідно застосовувати всі елементи управлінського аналізу в комплексі.
ФОРМУВАННЯ КУЛІНАРНИХ БРЕНДІВ СУМЩИНИ ЯК СКЛАДОВОЇ ЧАСТИНИ ГОСТИННОСТІ РЕГІОНУ
Authors: Степанова Т. М. , Геліх А. О.
Published: February 2022

Статтю присвячено підвищенню туристичної привабливості Сумського регіону за рахунок кулінарних брендів, що є актуальним питанням для зростання конкурентоздатності підприємств гостинності. У статті досліджено туристичний потенціал Сумщини. Значну увагу звернено на сприятливі кліматичні умови, екологічну незабрудненість, історико-культурні надбання Сумської області. Визначено чинники, що є сприятливими для розвитку туризму: спортивного, деяких видів спеціального туризму, що, прогнозовано, матиме позитивний вплив на економічне зростання регіону. Порушено актуальні питання забезпечення своєчасного та якісного харчування споживачів туристичних послуг. Проведено аналіз гастрономічного потенціалу окремих міст Сумської області. Акцентовано увагу на створенні кулінарних брендів та впровадження їх в об’єкти гостинності, що є перспективним для залучення більш широкого кола споживачів. Установлено суттєвий вплив на зростання лідируючих позицій у галузі гостинності відродження страв за автентичними рецептурами та впровадження їх у закладах ресторанного господарства. Сприятливим для підвищення конкурентоспроможності засобів розміщення є використання у меню регіональних страв. Окреслено роль гастрономічних фестивалів у розширенні кола споживачів ресторанних послуг, орієнтованих на споживання кулінарних надбань Сумщини. Проведено аналіз існуючих тенденцій приготування і реалізації регіональних страв у підприємствах ресторанного господарства України. Проаналізовано історико-культурний потенціал Сумської області, описано особливості харчової продукції певних районів, а також можливі шляхи підвищення їхньої кулінарної привабливості. Визначено перспективи розвитку кулінарного брендингу шляхом розвитку нових напрямів, що активно впроваджуються у деяких містах Сумської області. Таким чином, позитивні тенденції до динамічного розвитку індустрії гостинності через упровадження кулінарних інновацій регіонального спрямування матимуть сприятливий вплив на економічне зростання регіону.
Bringing Pacific Bluefin Tuna Back from the Brink: Ensuring the Submission of Operational Data to the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission
Authors: Wold Chris , Takahashi Mitsuhiko , Park Siwon , Fernandes Viv , Butler Sarah
Published: February 2022

The Commission of the Convention on the Conservation and Management of Highly Migratory Fish Stocks in the Western Pacific Ocean (WCPFC) manages fish stocks of significant financial and ecological value across an area of the Pacific Ocean comprising 20% of Earth. WCPFC members, however, have disagreed sharply over management measures for tuna, sharks, and other species, in part because some WCPFC members have refused to provide the WCPFC with vessel-specific data, known as operational data, which is needed to manage the stocks sustainably. Despite a legal requirement to submit operational data to the WCPFC, these members, including Japan and Korea, have claimed that “domestic legal constraints,” in particular prohibitions against disclosure of “personal information,” prevent them from complying with their international obligation to submit operational data. This Article assesses those claims and concludes that Japan and Korea either do not have current domestic legal constraints preventing them from submitting operational data or they have readily available options to remedy those constraints. Consequently, they are in violation of their obligations to submit operational data to the WCPFC.
Comma but Differentiated Responsibilities: Punctuation and 30 Other Ways Negotiators Have Resolved Issues in the International Climate Change Regime
Authors: Biniaz Susan
Published: February 2022

International climate change negotiations have a long history of being contentious, and much has been written about the grand trade-offs that have allowed countries to reach agreement. Issues have often involved, for example, the level of ambition, differentiated treatment of Parties, and various forms of financial assistance to developing countries.

Lesser known are the smaller, largely language-based tools negotiators have used to resolve differences, sometimes finding a solution as subtle as a shift in the placement of a comma. These tools have operated in different ways. Some, such as deliberate imprecision or postponement, have “resolved” an issue by sidestepping it and allowing Parties to preserve their positions. Other tools have enabled resolution by “splitting the difference” between opposing views. Still others have involved optical fixes, flexibility, or non-prejudice that helped one or more Parties go along with a particular outcome.

This compendium of textual examples, presented in rough chronological order, is drawn from my personal involvement in international climate negotiations and is by no means exhaustive. The examples may be of interest to those who follow climate change in particular, as well as of potential use to those who work in other international fields.
Superfund Chaos Theory: What Happens When the Lower Federal Courts Don't Follow the Supreme Court
Authors: Ferrey Steven
Published: February 2022

There is legal chaos in the national Superfund. The Supreme Court reversed decisions of eleven federal circuit courts in United States v. Atlantic Research Corp. There is no instance in modern Supreme Court history where the Court reversed every federal circuit court in the country, as it did in Atlantic Research. The Supreme Court’s reversal was through a unanimous decision. This was extraordinary: It not only reversed the entire legal interpretation of one of America’s most critical statutes, but also re-allocated billions of dollars among private parties.

The Supreme Court, when it rendered its decision, seemed to be rectifying a bottleneck in Superfund remediation of hazardous waste. However, in the decade since this Supreme Court decision, several federal trial and circuit courts have circumvented the Supreme Court command. This article illustrates how the lower federal courts have done this without violating Article III of the Constitution, by re-defining a one-word term.

The practical impact has been chaos in hazardous substance remediation across the U.S., affecting an estimated 600,000 contaminated waste sites. There are huge dollar impacts: addressing the 350,000 remaining contaminated sites in the U.S. would cost up to one-quarter trillion dollars, or an expenditure of $6-8 billion annually.

This Article analyzes how the lower federal courts have circumvented the Supreme Court decisions, with particular focus on decisions and legal prestidigitation in the most recent four years. This lower court inversion of the law is without much basis in law, and resurrects exactly what the Supreme Court thought it had overruled unanimously. What transpired in enforcement in the lower courts is not what the Supreme Court’s opinion contemplated. This Article examines the method by which the lower federal courts have created an ongoing legal mechanism to circumvent the most important Supreme Court holding in a critical area of the economy.
Assessing the Climate Impacts of U.S. Trade Agreements
Authors: Porterfield Matthew , Gallagher Kevin , Schachter Judith
Published: February 2022

Meeting the ambitious goals of the Paris Agreement will require the United States and other major greenhouse gas (GHG) emitters to integrate climate change considerations into all relevant areas of economic policy. The United States, however, has conspicuously failed to do so with regard to international trade negotiations. International trade agreements tend to increase GHG emissions due to the economic effects of trade liberalization, including increases in the scale of economic activity and changes in the composition of the affected economies. Trade agreements can also affect climate change in less quantifiable but potentially more significant ways by restricting the ability of governments to implement measures designed to mitigate climate change. Trade and investment rules in U.S. trade agreements have already been invoked to challenge a number of policies relevant to climate change, ranging from renewable energy programs to the Obama administration’s decision to reject the Keystone XL pipeline.

Yet despite the growing evidence of the relevance of trade policy to climate change, the Office of the United States Trade Representative (USTR) largely ignores potential climate impacts when preparing environmental reviews of proposed trade agreements as required under Executive Order 13141. This Article explores how the USTR could address climate change within the environmental review process to both assess the potential economically driven and regulatory impacts of proposed trade agreements for climate change and identify options for mitigating those impacts.
Lamarck Revisited: The Implications of Epigenetics for Environmental Law
Authors: Vandenbergh Michael , Vandenbergh David , Vandenbergh John
Published: February 2022

For generations, a bedrock concept of biology was that genetic mutations are necessary to pass traits from one generation to the next, but new developments in genetics are challenging this fundamental assumption. A growing body of scientific evidence demonstrates that chemical alteration of the way a gene functions, whether through exposure to chemicals, foods or even traumatic experiences, may not only affect the exposed individual, but also the individual’s offspring for two generations or more. This interaction between genes and the environment, known as epigenetics, has revolutionized the understanding of how genes are expressed within an individual and how they affect that individual’s offspring. Epigenetics also presents novel challenges for chemical regulatory regimes in the United States and around the world. Chemical substances that do not cause mutations typically are not regulated based on their potential effects on future generations. They may be regulated based on their harms to living individuals, or perhaps to those exposed before birth, but until recently future generations were not thought to be at risk. We explore the implications of the new field of epigenetics for public and private regulation of toxics, and we suggest new legal strategies to reflect the new scientific understanding. We argue that new developments in public and private governance suggest optimism for the ability of the environmental regulatory regime to respond to new findings in the science of epigenetics.
The Role of the Courts in Guarding Against Privatization of Important Public Environmental Resources
Authors: Scanlan Melissa
Published: February 2022

Drinking water, beaches, a livable climate, clean air, forests, fisheries, and parks are all commons, shared by many users with diffuse and overlapping interests. These public natural resources are susceptible to depletion, overuse, erosion, and extinction; and they are under increasing pressures to become privatized. The Public Trust Doctrine provides a legal basis to guard against privatizing important public resources or commons. As such, it is a critical doctrine to counter the ever-increasing enclosure and privatization of the commons as well as ensure government trustees protect current and future generations. This Article considers separation of powers and statutory interpretation in cases involving attempted privatizations of public natural resources. Judges use a wide variety of interpretive tools when ruling on the meaning of a statute or legality of an administrative agency’s action. This Article explores the role of the judiciary in protecting the public interest in natural resources when a privatization appears to be underway. It analyzes cases from the United States, India, Uganda, Kenya, and the Philippines to demonstrate the multi-jurisdictional use of what should be recognized as a substantive canon of statutory interpretation for nature’s trust, seeking a clear statement from the legislature finding no substantial impact on the public interest before allowing privatization. Such an approach furthers democracy by ensuring elected representatives have publicly considered and expressed their intent to authorize a privatization of nature’s trust and that such action is in the public interest. This moves the locus of decision-making away from administrative agencies and back to the democratically elected law making body. And once squarely inside the political branch it requires clarity about the action undertaken and a finding consistent with the trustee’s duties to the public. Lastly, it explores the political question doctrine as it relates to controversies about privatizing nature’s trust and shows the power of framing the status quo.
BENEFÍCIOS DO EXERCÍCIO FÍSICO PARA PESSOAS COM DOENÇAS CARDIOVASCULARES
Authors: Abdalla Pedro Pugliesi , Vilela Junior Guanis de Barros , Pereira Adriano de Almeida , Carvalho Alexandre Freitas de , Martelli Anderson , Lima Bráulio Nascimento , Martins Gustavo Celestino , Oliveira Heleise Faria dos Reis de , Oliveira José Ricardo Lourenço de , Almeida Klebson da Silva , Silio Luis Felipe , Rodrigues Marcelo Francisco , Maneschy Mariela de Santana , Guedes Uebister Igor Dos Santos , Fileni Carlos Henrique Prevital , Carvalho Anderson dos Santos , Passos Ricardo Pablo
Published: February 2022

Doenças cardiovasculares são consideradas as maiores causas de mortes no Brasil e no mundo. Estas doenças poderiam ser evitadas ou mais bem controladas se a população aderisse a um estilo de vida saudável. Incluindo assiduidade em diferentes práticas de exercícios físicos juntamente com uma alimentação balanceada. Observando a gravidade das doenças cardiovasculares, o artigo buscou compreender como o exercício físico pode prevenir ou auxiliar no tratamento dessas doenças. Compreender e promover melhorias em cada uma das fases dessas doenças se faz necessário. É notório que portadores dessas doenças não sabem de que maneira o exercício físico pode auxiliar no tratamento e prevenção. O método utilizado foi uma revisão bibliográfica narrativa que buscou unificar a ideia de autores para maior compreensão do impacto do exercício físico nessa doença. Foi possível observar o papel do exercício físico para portadores de doenças cardiovasculares, e como ele pode contribuir em cada fase clínica. Outro ponto evidenciado foram as diferentes possibilidades de exercício físico para promoção da saúde em portadores dessas doenças.
General Education Teachers' Perspectives about Their Practices when Teaching Reading Skills to Students with and at Risk of Learning Disabilities in the Primary Classrooms
Authors: Alhusaini Abdulnassir , Alosaimi Fahad
Published: February 2022

General Education Teachers' Perspectives about Their Practices when Teaching Reading Skills to Students with and at Risk of Learning Disabilities in the Primary Classrooms

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the perspectives of classrooms’ teachers at the primary grade levels (first, second and third grades) in Makkah about their practices when teaching reading skills (phonemic awareness, phonics, vocabulary, fluency, and comprehension) for classes that involved both students with learning disabilities and at risk of it. Therefore, the researchers designed a questionnaire consisting of 29 items. A total of 39 teachers responded to the questionnaire. The results showed that teachers focused on teaching reading skills in the following order: (1) fluency, (2) comprehension, (3) vocabulary, (4) phonics, and (5) and phonemic Awareness. The results also showed that there are no statistically significant differences among teachers that can be explained by their academic majors, and the number of students with and at risk of learning disabilities in their classes. However, the results showed that there were statistically significant differences among teachers of different grade levels as the first-grade teachers were focusing on teaching the phonics skill.

Keywords: Teaching reading, reading skills, students with and at risk of learning disabilities
The Effect of Feedback on Written Expression Skills among High School Deaf Students
Authors: Turkestani Maryam
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the effect of feedback on written expression skills among high-school deaf students, by using quai- experimental design approach. The participants included 12 deaf female students in the 11th and 12th grades in the merged classes in Riyadh city. Participants were randomly divided equally into an experimental and a control group. A rubric was built to evaluate the following written expression skills (ideas, organization, word choice, syntactic, grammatical & spelling rules, and presentation) and 14 topics were chosen for this study. Feedback was provided for the participants’ writings for seven weeks, in a total of 14 sessions. The results revealed significant differences between the pre- and post-testing in favor of the post-testing for both groups. The results also showed differences between both groups in the post-test in favor of the experimental group, indicating the improvement in written expression skills in that group.

Keywords: Written skills, hard of hearing, feedback.
Методи освоєння заболочених територій
Authors: Линник І.Е. , Чернявський Б.Р.
Published: February 2022

Проаналізовано поширення боліт і заболочених територій в Україні та Харківській області. Проаналізовано методи освоєння заболочених територій: осушення територій, методи будівництва будинків і влаштування фундаментів. Запропоновано інженерний захист заболоченої ділянки району Нова Данилівка в м. Харкові, який полягає в осушенні території, влаштуванні систематичного дренажу, організації поверхневого водовідведення в комплексі з вертикальним плануванням, насадженням дерев із розвинутою кореневою системою.