bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Transformative Technology Linking Patient’s mRNA Expression Profile to Anticancer Drug Efficacy
Authors: Yeh Chen , Lin Shu-Ti , Lai Hung-Chih
Published: July 2024

As precision medicine such as targeted therapy and immunotherapy often have limited accessibility, low response rate, and evolved resistance, it is urgent to develop simple, low-cost, and quick-turnaround personalized diagnostic technologies for drug response prediction with high sensitivity, speed, and accuracy. The major challenges of drug response prediction strategies employing digital database modeling are the scarcity of labeled clinical data, applicability only to a few classes of drugs, and losing the resolution at the individual patient level. Although these challenges have been partially addressed by large-scale cancer cell line datasets and more patient-relevant cell-based systems, the integration of different data types and data translation from pre-clinical to clinical utilities are still far-fetched. To overcome the current limitations of precision medicine with a clinically proven drug response prediction assay, we have developed an innovative and proprietary technology based on in vitro patient testing and in silico data analytics. First, a patient-derived gene expression signature was established via the transcriptomic profiling of cell-free mRNA (cfmRNA) from the patient’s blood. Second, a gene-to-drug data fusion and overlaying mechanism to transfer data were performed. Finally, a semi-supervised method was used for the database searching, matching, annotation, and ranking of drug efficacies from a pool of ~700 approved, investigational, or clinical trial drug candidates. A personalized drug response report can be delivered to inform clinical decisions within a week. The PGA (patient-derived gene expression-informed anticancer drug efficacy) test has significantly improved patient outcomes when compared to the treatment plans without PGA support. The implementation of PGA, which combines patient-unique cfmRNA fingerprints with drug mapping power, has the potential to identify treatment options when patients are no longer responding to therapy and when standard-of-care is exhausted.
Lecanicillium psalliotae (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) Exerts Ovicidal and Larvicidal Effects against the Sheep Blood-Feeding Nematode Haemonchus contortus through Its Liquid Culture Filtrates
Authors: Pérez-Anzúrez Gustavo , Mendoza-de Gives Pedro , Alonso-Díaz Miguel Ángel , von Son-de Fernex Elke , Paz-Silva Adolfo , López-Arellano María Eugenia , Olmedo-Juárez Agustín
Published: July 2024

Nematophagous fungi (NF) form part of the soil microbiota and are natural enemies of nematodes, helping to regulate nematode populations. A verticillate NF isolated from soil from Tepalcingo, Mexico, was morphologically and molecularly characterised. This fungus was cultured in two different liquid media—Czapek-Dox broth (CzDoxB) and sweet potato dextrose broth (SPDB)—for 21 days. The ovicidal (OA) and larvicidal (LA) activities of fungal liquid culture filtrates (LCFs) were assessed in 96-well microtitre plates at different concentrations against Haemonchus contortus after 48 h. The morphological and molecular identification revealed the presence of Lecanicillium psalliotae. Additionally, the groups of compounds associated with nematocidal activity were determined from a qualitative chemical profile (QCP) using different reagents. The highest OA of the LCFs was obtained at 25 mg/mL from SPDB and CzDoxB and amounted to 97.2 and 99.06%, respectively. Meanwhile, the highest LA recorded with these LCFs at 100 mg/mL was 54.27% and 96.8%, respectively. The QCP revealed the presence of alkaloids and tannins in both LCFs that have previously been associated with nematocidal activity. Lecanicillium psalliotae exerted an important effect on H. contortus and could be of significance in future studies focused on the control and prevention of haemonchosis in small ruminants.
Grafting of Polyethyleneimines on Porous Silica Beads and Their Use for Adsorptive Removal of Cr(VI) from Aqueous Medium
Authors: Taki Ayane , Morioka Kouta , Noguchi Keiko , Asamoto Hiromichi , Minamisawa Hiroaki , Yamada Kazunori
Published: July 2024

Porous silica-based adsorbents for hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) ion removal were prepared by the combined use of functionalization with (3-glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane and the grafting of branched and linear polyethyleneimine (BPEI and LPEI). LPEI was prepared from polyethyloxazolin by hydrolysis with HCl. The preparation of LPEI was identified by NMR measurements and the grafting of BPEI and LPEI on the silica beads was confirmed by an XPS analysis. The Cr(VI) ion adsorption of the obtained BPEI-grafted silica beads (BPEI–silica beads) was investigated as a function of the pH value, the content of amino groups, the temperature, the Cr(VI) ion concentration, and the molecular mass of the grafted BPEI chains. The Cr(VI) ion adsorption at pH 3.0 increased with an increase in the content of amino groups, and the maximum adsorption capacity of 1.06 mmol/g was obtained when the content of amino groups was at 2.17 mmol/g. This value corresponds to 589 mg/g−1.8KPEI, and the adsorption ratio of about 0.5 is a noteworthy result. The data fit to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the suitability of this fitting was supported by the results that the adsorption capacity and initial rate of adsorption increased with the temperature. In addition, the equilibrium data followed the Langmuir isotherm model. These results clearly demonstrate that the Cr(VI) adsorption occurred chemically, or through the electrostatic interaction of protonated amino groups on the grafted BPEI chains with hydrochromate (HCrO4−) ions. A higher adsorption capacity was obtained for the silica beads grafted with shorter BPEI chains, and the adsorption capacity of BPEI–silica beads is a little higher than that of linear PEI-grafted silica beads, suggesting that the Cr(VI) ion adsorption is affected by the chain isomerism of PEI (linear and branched) as well as the molecular mass of the grafted PEI chains, in addition to the content of amino groups. The experimental and analytical results derived from this study emphasize that the BPEI–silica beads can be used as an adsorbent for the removal of Cr(VI) ions from an aqueous medium.
The Research on Microwave Drying Characteristics of Polyethylene Terephthalate Materials Based on Frequency and Power Tuning Technology
Authors: Liao Chongwei , He Zhongqi , Tang Rong , Zhang Weixin , Liu Changjun , Wang Chuanlong
Published: July 2024

Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), renowned for its exceptional physical and chemical properties, finds widespread use in our daily lives. However, conventional PET drying methods are time consuming and energy intensive. Leveraging microwave heating effects, we investigated drying characteristics concerning both microwave parameters and PET permittivity. The PET permittivity variation during heating is related to the microwave reflection at the incident port. Our innovative approach involves frequency and power tuning based on reflection. This method not only significantly improved heating uniformity and reduced temperature covariance (COVT) but also led to a more uniformly distributed temperature profile and a drastic reduction in energy consumption. Integrating precise and rapid frequency tuning, we compared our method’s efficiency with traditional approaches, revealing an impressive time savings of 2 h and an energy consumption limited to approximately less than 3 kWh/kg. Notably, our laboratory system’s logistic models of the Moisture Ratio (MR) related to rotary rates, masses, and powers whose averages of R-square are 0.9972, 0.9982, and 0.9977, respectively, which provide intriguing insights for industrial production forecasts during variable frequency PET drying.
Fetal Gestational Age Prediction in Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging Using Artificial Intelligence: A Comparative Study of Three Biometric Techniques
Authors: Vahedifard Farzan , Liu Xuchu , Marathu Kranthi K. , Ai H. Asher , Supanich Mark P. , Kocak Mehmet , Adler Seth , Ansari Shehbaz M. , Akyuz Melih , Adepoju Jubril O. , Byrd Sharon
Published: July 2024

Accurately predicting a fetus’s gestational age (GA) is crucial in prenatal care. This study aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) model to predict GA using biometric measurements from fetal brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We assessed the significance of using different reference standards for interpreting GA predictions. Measurements of biparietal diameter (BPD), fronto-occipital diameter (FOD), and head circumference (HC) were obtained from 52 normal fetal MRI cases from Rush University. Both manual and AI-based methods were utilized, and comparisons were made using three reference standards (Garel, Freq, and Bio). The AI model showed a strong correlation with manual measurements, particularly for HC, which exhibited the highest correlation with actual values. Differences between GA predictions and picture archiving and communication system (PACS) records varied by reference, ranging from 0.47 to 2.17 weeks for BPD, 0.46 to 2.26 weeks for FOD, and 0.75 to 1.74 weeks for HC. Pearson correlation coefficients between PACS records and GA predictions exceeded 0.97 across all references. In conclusion, the AI model demonstrated high accuracy in predicting GA from fetal brain MRI measurements. This approach offers improved accuracy and convenience over manual methods, highlighting the potential of AI in enhancing prenatal care through precise GA estimation.
Vision-Based Situational Graphs Exploiting Fiducial Markers for the Integration of Semantic Entities
Authors: Tourani Ali , Bavle Hriday , Avşar Deniz Işınsu , Sanchez-Lopez Jose Luis , Munoz-Salinas Rafael , Voos Holger
Published: July 2024

Situational Graphs (S-Graphs) merge geometric models of the environment generated by Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) approaches with 3D scene graphs into a multi-layered jointly optimizable factor graph. As an advantage, S-Graphs not only offer a more comprehensive robotic situational awareness by combining geometric maps with diverse, hierarchically organized semantic entities and their topological relationships within one graph, but they also lead to improved performance of localization and mapping on the SLAM level by exploiting semantic information. In this paper, we introduce a vision-based version of S-Graphs where a conventional Visual SLAM (VSLAM) system is used for low-level feature tracking and mapping. In addition, the framework exploits the potential of fiducial markers (both visible and our recently introduced transparent or fully invisible markers) to encode comprehensive information about environments and the objects within them. The markers aid in identifying and mapping structural-level semantic entities, including walls and doors in the environment, with reliable poses in the global reference, subsequently establishing meaningful associations with higher-level entities, including corridors and rooms. However, in addition to including semantic entities, the semantic and geometric constraints imposed by the fiducial markers are also utilized to improve the reconstructed map’s quality and reduce localization errors. Experimental results on a real-world dataset collected using legged robots show that our framework excels in crafting a richer, multi-layered hierarchical map and enhances robot pose accuracy at the same time.
Algorithms and Resources for the Monitoring of Very-Low-Frequency Signal Deviations Due to Solar Activity Using a Web-Based Software-Defined Radio-Distributed Network
Authors: Iliev Ilia , Tudjarov Kostadin , Nachev Ivaylo , Petkov Peter Z. , Velchev Yuliyan , Ilieva Ana
Published: July 2024

This work presents the development and testing of an experimental web-based SDR (software-defined radio) monitoring system for indirect solar activity detection, which has the ability to estimate and potentially predict various events in space and on earth, including solar flares, coronal mass ejections, and geomagnetic storms. The proposed system can be used to investigate the effect of solar activity on the propagation of very-low-frequency (VLF) signals. The advantages and benefits of the given approach are as follows: increasing measurement accuracy and eventual solar activity identification by combining measurements from multiple spatially distributed SDRs. The verification process involves carrying out several experiments comparing data from the GOES satellite system and the Dunksin SuperSID system with information received by the SDR monitoring system. Then, utilizing Pearson correlation coefficients, the measured data from the SDRs, along with those from the GOES satellite system and the Dunsing monitoring station, are investigated. At the time of a solar flare, the correlation value is above 90% for most of the stations used. Combining the signal-to-noise ratio via summation also shows an improvement in the results, with a correlation above 98%.
Atmospheric Turbulence Phase Reconstruction via Deep Learning Wavefront Sensing
Authors: Liu Yutao , Zheng Mingwei , Wang Xingqi
Published: July 2024

The fast and accurate reconstruction of the turbulence phase is crucial for compensating atmospheric disturbances in free-space coherent optical communication. Traditional methods suffer from slow convergence and inadequate phase reconstruction accuracy. This paper introduces a deep learning-based approach for atmospheric turbulence phase reconstruction, utilizing light intensity images affected by turbulence as the basis for feature extraction. The method employs extensive light intensity-phase samples across varying turbulence intensities for training, enabling phase reconstruction from light intensity images. The trained U-Net model reconstructs phases for strong, medium, and weak turbulence with an average processing time of 0.14 s. Simulation outcomes indicate an average loss function value of 0.00027 post-convergence, with a mean squared error of 0.0003 for individual turbulence reconstructions. Experimental validation yields a mean square error of 0.0007 for single turbulence reconstruction. The proposed method demonstrates rapid convergence, robust performance, and strong generalization, offering a novel solution for atmospheric disturbance correction in free-space coherent optical communication.
Evaluation of Shoulder Risk Factors in the Repetitive Task of Slaughterhouse
Authors: Rosado Ana Sophia , Cabrini Isabella , Duarte Natalia , Baptista João Santos , Guedes Joana C.
Published: July 2024

Repetitive movements and the speed of upper limbs increase the risk of musculoskeletal disorders. This study aimed to analyse the risk of shoulder injuries in repetitive tasks by evaluating the humerus angle, angular velocity, and angular acceleration during simulated chicken wing cutting. The study was conducted in a laboratory simulating a real environment. Thirty-six healthy right-handed volunteers were assessed using an electromagnetic tracking device, TrakSTAR, integrated with MotionMonitor™ (Innovative Sports Training, Inc. Chicago, IL) and software to collect 3-D kinematic data developed in the research centre. The equipment measured the angles performed by the upper limbs during the entire movement. The humerus angles were automatically transformed into angular velocity (°·s−1) and angular acceleration (°·s−2). Maximum angular velocities were 27.39°·s−1 (men, right humerus) and 22.39°·s−1 (women, left humerus), both below the safe limit. Maximum accelerations were 25.32°·s−2 (men, left side) and 28.94°·s−2 (women, left side); safety values for these accelerations are not established. Monotony is a risk factor, especially for the dominant side. Future studies should evaluate risk factors simultaneously in repetitive tasks. Repetitiveness exceeds the safe limit according to the OCRA method.
Adaptation of the Work-Related Quality of Life-2 Scale (WRQoL-2) among Portuguese Workers
Authors: Sabino Ana , Moreira Ana , Cesário Francisco , Pinto-Coelho Mafalda
Published: July 2024

In the present study we aimed to fulfill two main goals. The first was to adapt the WRQoL-2 Scale among Portuguese workers and the second was to verify the associations between WRQoL-2 dimensions and perceived organizational performance dimensions (e.g., social and economic). To reach our research goals, we used a sample of 635 Portuguese workers. The WRQoL Scale has been widely used for academic and practical ends and comprises six dimensions: Job and Career Satisfaction, Control at Work, General Well-Being, Home–Work Interface, Stress at Work, and Working Conditions. Recently, the authors proposed a revised measure—WRQoL-2—in which they added a seventh dimension—Employee Engagement. As this second version had not yet been translated into the Portuguese language for Portugal, this was our first goal. By performing a set of statistical analyses such as EFA, CFA, reliability, convergent and discriminant validity, and invariant analysis, the results suggested a six-factor structure where the dimensions of Job and Career Satisfaction and Employee Engagement were united. The final structure suggested good reliability as well as convergent and discriminant validity as it showcased invariance according to gender and sector. Because there is a lack of studies focusing on the links between quality of work life and organizational performance, we then tested the interplay between WRQoL-2 and perceived organizational performance dimensions, and we verified that, although most are significantly associated, the results suggest a low intensity. This work also presents several theoretical and practical implications.
Changes in Physical Fitness in Youth Padel Players during One Season: A Cohort Study
Authors: Ryman Augustsson Sofia , Olsson M. Charlotte , Haglund Emma
Published: July 2024

The aim of this study was to investigate how physical fitness performance, which is related to the strength and power of the lower extremities and core, as well as lateral agility, changes across 20 weeks of in-season training in youth female and male padel players. This study was conducted using a prospective cohort design on 16 Swedish high school padel players aged between 15 and 18 years old. The players were assessed at baseline with five tests of their physical fitness and followed prospectively, with the registration of their training load for 20 weeks, and then assessed at a follow-up, approximately five months later. The players increased their performance in all tests (p ≤ 0.02). The mean improvement in their Isometric squat test performance was 20% for peak force, 18% for relative strength value and 69% for average rate of force development. Their improvement in the squat jump test performance was 9%, whereas the improvement in their countermovement jump test was 6%. For the 30 second sit-up test, an improvement of 14% was observed. Improvements were also noted for the 30 second side hop test performance on both the right (9%) and left leg (11%). The effect size ranged from 0.31 to 1, respectively, for the tests, representing a small to large effect. The data from this study suggest that an improvement in physical fitness performance can be obtained during 20 weeks of padel training.
Optimal Estimators of Cross-Partial Derivatives and Surrogates of Functions
Authors: Lamboni Matieyendou
Published: July 2024

Computing cross-partial derivatives using fewer model runs is relevant in modeling, such as stochastic approximation, derivative-based ANOVA, exploring complex models, and active subspaces. This paper introduces surrogates of all the cross-partial derivatives of functions by evaluating such functions at N randomized points and using a set of L constraints. Randomized points rely on independent, central, and symmetric variables. The associated estimators, based on NL model runs, reach the optimal rates of convergence (i.e., O(N−1)), and the biases of our approximations do not suffer from the curse of dimensionality for a wide class of functions. Such results are used for (i) computing the main and upper bounds of sensitivity indices, and (ii) deriving emulators of simulators or surrogates of functions thanks to the derivative-based ANOVA. Simulations are presented to show the accuracy of our emulators and estimators of sensitivity indices. The plug-in estimates of indices using the U-statistics of one sample are numerically much stable.
Environmental Cadmium Exposure Induces an Increase in Systolic Blood Pressure by Its Effect on GFR
Authors: Satarug Soisungwan , Vesey David A. , Yimthiang Supabhorn , Khamphaya Tanaporn , Pouyfung Phisit , Đorđević Aleksandra Buha
Published: July 2024

Chronic exposure to the nephrotoxic metal pollutant, cadmium (Cd), has been associated with hypertension, but the mechanism by which it raises blood pressure is not understood. We hypothesize that exposure to Cd reduces the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which in turn causes a rise in blood pressure. Data were collected from 447 Thai subjects with a mean age of 51.1 years, of which 48.8% had hypertension, 15.4% had diabetes, and 6.9% had an estimated GFR (eGFR) below 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (low eGFR). More than half (58.8%) and 23.9% had moderate and severe tubular proteinuria, respectively. The mean blood and urinary Cd concentrations were 2.75 and 4.23 µg/L, respectively. Doubling of body burden of Cd increased the prevalence odds ratios (POR) for low eGFR and severe tubular proteinuria 41% and 48%, respectively. The POR for hypertension rose twofold in those with blood Cd levels of 0.61–1.69 µg/L or urinary Cd excretion levels ≥ 0.98 µg/g creatinine. In the hypertensive group, the eGFR was inversely associated with age (β = −0.517), the Cd excretion rate (β = −0.177), and diabetes (β = −0.175). By mediation analysis, an increase in SBP was attributable totally to the effect of Cd on GFR. Thus, blood pressure appeared to rise as GFR fell. This finding is consistent with the well-known role of the kidney in long-term blood pressure regulation, and explains a universally high prevalence of hypertension among patients with low eGFR.
Hydrolysis Optimization of Thraustochytrid (Heterotrophic Protist) Biomass for the Production of a New and Sustainable Ingredient for the Aquafeed Industry
Authors: Ventura Mariana , Oroy Cloé , Llopis Monferrer Natalia , Le Grand Fabienne , Long Marc , Foulon Valentin , Chauchat Luc , de la Broise Denis , Guerard Fabienne , Soudant Philippe
Published: July 2024

Thraustochytrids biomass, rich in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), could be a sustainable ingredient for the aquafeed industry. However, its production cost renders it less competitive than fishmeal and fish oil from wild-caught fish. This study proposes optimizing the hydrolysis conditions of thraustochytrid biomass to generate an ingredient with improved properties thanks to the production of peptides with different biological activities. The improved nutritional value of the biomass could justify its use to decrease the amount of wild-caught fish in aquafeed, which would enhance the sustainability of fish aquaculture. First, two commercial proteases, Papain and Alcalase 2.4L, were compared for their capacity to hydrolyze the biomass. The best degree of hydrolysis (19 ± 1%) was obtained with Alcalase 2.4L, which was then used for the optimization of the pH, enzyme concentration and reaction time using response surface methodology. The results showed that the highest concentration of peptides and DHA in the aqueous phase was obtained with a pH, enzyme concentration and reaction time of 7.5, 2.7% and 205 min, respectively. If thraustochytrid hydrolysates prove to improve fish fitness, this mild and free-solvent process protocol could be used to produce a sustainable ingredient for aquafeed.
Least Squares Estimation of Multifactor Uncertain Differential Equations with Applications to the Stock Market
Authors: Wu Nanxuan , Liu Yang
Published: July 2024

Multifactor uncertain differential equations are powerful tools for studying dynamic systems under multi-source noise. A key challenge in this study is how to accurately estimate unknown parameters based on the framework of uncertainty theory in multi-source noise environments. To address this core problem, this paper innovatively proposes a least-squares estimation method. The essence of this method lies in constructing statistical invariants with a symmetric uncertainty distribution based on observational data and determining specific parameters by minimizing the distance between the population distribution and the empirical distribution of the statistical invariant. Additionally, two numerical examples are provided to help readers better understand the practical operation and effectiveness of this method. In addition, we also provide a case study of JD.com’s stock prices to illustrate the advantages of the method proposed in this paper, which not only provides a new idea and method for addressing the problem of dynamic system parameter estimation but also provides a new perspective and tool for research and application in related fields.
Computed Tomography Angiography as Ancillary Testing for Death Determination by Neurologic Criteria: A Technical Review
Authors: Aziz Rizk Abanoub , Shankar Jai
Published: July 2024

The determination of death by neurological criteria (DNC) stands as a pivotal aspect of medical practice, involving a nuanced clinical diagnosis. Typically, it comes into play following a devastating brain injury, signalling the irreversible cessation of brain function, marked by the absence of consciousness, brainstem reflexes, and the ability to breathe autonomously. Accurate DNC diagnosis is paramount for adhering to the ‘Dead donor rule’, which permits organ donation solely from deceased individuals. However, complexities inherent in conducting a comprehensive DNC examination may impede reaching a definitive diagnosis. To address this challenge, ancillary testing such as computed tomography angiography (CTA) has emerged as a valuable tool. The aim of our study is to review the technique and interpretation of CTA for DNC diagnoses. CTA, a readily available imaging technique, enables visualization of the cerebral vasculature, offering insights into blood flow to the brain. While various criteria and scoring systems have been proposed, a universally accepted standard for demonstrating full brain circulatory arrest remains elusive. Nonetheless, leveraging CTA as an ancillary test in DNC assessments holds promise, facilitating organ donation and curbing healthcare costs. It is crucial to emphasize that DNC diagnosis should be exclusively entrusted to trained physicians with specialized DNC evaluation training, underscoring the importance of expertise in this intricate medical domain.
Immunogenicity and Protective Efficacy of a Single Intranasal Dose Vectored Vaccine Based on Sendai Virus (Moscow Strain) against SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Concern
Authors: Kochneva Galina V. , Kudrov Gleb A. , Zainutdinov Sergei S. , Shulgina Irina S. , Shipovalov Andrei V. , Zaykovskaya Anna V. , Borgoyakova Mariya B. , Starostina Ekaterina V. , Bodnev Sergei A. , Sivolobova Galina F. , Grazhdantseva Antonina A. , Ivkina Daria I. , Zadorozhny Alexey M. , Karpenko Larisa I. , P’yankov Oleg V.
Published: July 2024

The mouse paramyxovirus Sendai, which is capable of limited replication in human bronchial epithelial cells without causing disease, is well suited for the development of vector-based intranasal vaccines against respiratory infections, including SARS-CoV-2. Using the Moscow strain of the Sendai virus, we developed a vaccine construct, Sen-Sdelta(M), which expresses the full-length spike (S) protein of the SARS-CoV-2 delta variant. A single intranasal delivery of Sen-Sdelta(M) to Syrian hamsters and BALB/c mice induced high titers of virus-neutralizing antibodies specific to the SARS-CoV-2 delta variant. A significant T-cell response, as determined by IFN-γ ELISpot and ICS methods, was also demonstrated in the mouse model. Mice and hamsters vaccinated with Sen-Sdelta(M) were well protected against SARS-CoV-2 challenge. The viral load in the lungs and nasal turbinates, measured by RT-qPCR and TCID50 assay, decreased dramatically in vaccinated groups. The most prominent effect was revealed in a highly sensitive hamster model, where no tissue samples contained detectable levels of infectious SARS-CoV-2. These results indicate that Sen-Sdelta(M) is a promising candidate as a single-dose intranasal vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, including variants of concern.
Teleoperated Driving with Virtual Twin Technology: A Simulator-Based Approach
Authors: Kim Keonil , Kee Seok-Cheol
Published: July 2024

This study introduces an innovative Teleoperated Driving (ToD) system integrated with virtual twin technology using the MORAI simulator. The system minimizes the need for extensive video data transmission by utilizing text-based vehicle information, significantly reducing the communication load. Key technical advancements include the use of high-precision GNSS devices for accurate vehicle location tracking, robust data communication via the MQTT protocol, and the implementation of the Ego Ghost mode in the MORAI simulator for precise vehicle simulation. The integration of these technologies enables efficient data transmission and enhanced system reliability, effectively mitigating issues such as communication blackouts and delays. Our findings demonstrate that this approach ensures stable and efficient operation, optimizing communication resource management and enhancing operational stability, which is crucial for scenarios requiring high video quality and real-time response. This research represents a significant advancement in ToD technology, establishing a precedent for integrating virtual twin systems to create more resource-efficient and reliable autonomous driving backup solutions. The virtual twin-based ToD system provides a robust platform for remote vehicle operation, ensuring safety and reliability in various driving conditions.
Qualitative Analysis of Bullying among Adolescents: A Teacher’s View
Authors: González Moreno Alba , Molero Jurado María del Mar
Published: July 2024

Bullying is a social problem that usually increases during adolescence and can have serious consequences on the wellbeing of students. One of the members of the educational community that is most present in these situations is the teachers. This qualitative research aims to know the teachers’ perceptions about bullying among adolescents within the school environment. It was possible to deepen the experiences of 20 teachers by conducting semistructured interviews with open-ended questions. The results obtained indicate that education professionals have been bystanders to episodes of bullying among their students and that they opt for mediation between both parties (bully and victim) as an intervention measure. Teachers believe that bullied students tend to be young people with low self-esteem, introverted and sad. On the contrary, bullies are shown to be leaders with social support, egocentric, and with low empathy. The need to know the different perceptions and strategies used by teachers in situations of bullying among their students is discussed, with the intention of promoting resources and programs that can help them in this type of situation.
Chronic Fructose and Sucrose Intake and 24-Hour Urine Composition
Authors: Prochaska Megan , Ferraro Pietro Manuel , Taylor Eric , Curhan Gary
Published: July 2024

Key Points

Higher dietary intakes of fructose and sucrose are associated with lower 24-hour urine calcium.

Higher dietary intakes of fructose and sucrose are associated with other modest changes in 24-hour urine composition.

Background

Consumption of sugar, including fructose and sucrose, is associated with higher risk of kidney stones. The association is believed to be because of an acute rise in urine calcium after sugar intake. However, the association between chronic sugar intake and urine composition is not known.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of dietary intake from a food frequency questionnaire and 24-hour urine collections from 6457 kidney stone- and non–stone-former participants from the Nurses' Health Study I (1,297), Nurses' Health Study II (4,053), and Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1,107). We used multivariate adjusted linear regression to examine the association between long-term intake of free fructose, total fructose, and sucrose and 24-hour urine composition.

Results

Higher free and total fructose and sucrose intakes were each associated with lower 24-hour urine calcium. Comparing the highest versus lowest quintiles, mean urine calcium was 23 (31–15) mg/d lower for free fructose (P-trend <0.001), 26 (34–18) mg/d for total fructose (P-trend <0.001), and 8 (17–1) mg/d for sucrose (P-trend 0.03). Higher total fructose intake was associated with slightly higher calcium phosphate supersaturation (P-trend 0.002), and higher sucrose intake was associated with higher calcium oxalate (P-trend 0.03) and calcium phosphate (P-trend <0.001) supersaturations. Differences in 24-hour urine calcium were similar between kidney stone- and non–stone-former participants.

Conclusions

In contrast to the acute rise in urine calcium previously seen in short-term studies, higher long-term intake of free and total fructose and sucrose was associated with lower 24-hour urine calcium excretion in those with and without a history of kidney stones. Other modest differences in urine composition were noted for each sugar. Future studies should test potential mechanisms for the observed lower 24-hour urine calcium with chronic sugar intake.
La alteridad etaria
Authors: Shabel Paüla Nurit
Published: July 2024

Este trabajo de reflexión teórica y análisis bibliográfico tiene como objetivo estudiar el modo en que Occidente ha configurado la alteridad en su dimensión etaria. A partir de los estudios queer/cuir y una revisión de la noción de otredad temporal desarrollada por el antropólogo Johannes Fabian, se sostiene como hipótesis que la noción de tiempo acumulativo ha normalizado las etapas vitales al servicio de la productividad del capital, otorgándole el monopolio del presente a un solo grupo −el adulto– y desplazando hacia el pasado a la vejez y hacia el futuro a la infancia, negando su existencia actual y forjando marcos temporales que definen lo que es ser humano. Cierra el trabajo un llamado a la democratización etaria del presente y una pregunta por la invención de un tiempo vital diferente en el que no necesitemos medir los años de un cuerpo para reconocerlo como un humano completo y un igual.
¿A qué nos obliga el consentimiento?
Authors: Arbuet Osuna Camila , Gutierrez Laura
Published: July 2024

El artículo indaga sobre cómo se han desarrollado algunos de los debates sobre el consentimiento sexual en los feminismos norteamericanos desde los setenta, para desde allí construir puentes y contrapuntos con algunas teorizaciones feministas francesas y argentinas. Prestando atención al vínculo entre consentimiento y violencia sexual y a los cruces entre las premisas morales, jurídicas y políticas que atraviesan al consentimiento como dispositivo de seguridad y como promesa. Analizando el pasaje del consentimiento tácito al afirmativo como reivindicación feminista, señalamos algunas paradojas respecto de la imaginación erótica y las políticas sexuales. Sin una pretensión de exhaustividad, este ensayo se propone perseguir la reinvención de los términos de un problema bajo diferentes estrategias discursivas, para aportar un conjunto de claves de lecturas históricas y teórico-políticas.
Estupro de vulnerável e aborto legal
Authors: Dieguez Roberta , Rosa Hevelyn , Lamperti Thomazi Guilherme , Da Silva Cabral Cristiane
Published: July 2024

Este artigo analisa de que formas a categoria idade do consentimento se articula a noções de sexualidade infantil, modulando o acesso a direitos reprodutivos, sobretudo o aborto legal. O consentimento definido como um ato racional individual de um sujeito autônomo e livre de constrangimentos tem sido determinante na definição de atos sexuais lícitos no campo jurídico brasileiro e internacional. Entretanto, mais do que um conceito de contornos bem delimitados, o consentimento mostra-se instável e contraditório, variando conforme os atores que o evocam e o contexto histórico e político no qual é enunciado. No contexto da proteção à infância, as controvérsias sobre quem é considerado sujeito político de direitos a partir do consentimento destacam-se diante da produção hierárquica da diferença. Questões como classe, raça e gênero permeiam essas relações, afetando a garantia de proteção estatal, especialmente diante de restrições ao aborto.
Isquemia mesentérica aguda - uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Montenegro Vitor Vasconcelos , Fernandes Bruno Roberto Coman , Pereira Gabriella Reis Granata , Soares Gustavo Henrique de Oliveira , Tupper Natsue Tani
Published: July 2024

A isquemia mesentérica aguda (IMA) é uma condição médica grave que resulta da redução súbita do fluxo sanguíneo para o intestino, levando a dor abdominal intensa e potencial necrose intestinal. Os principais fatores de risco incluem aterosclerose, arritmias cardíacas, insuficiência cardíaca congestiva, hipertensão arterial, diabetes mellitus e o uso de drogas vasoconstritoras. A IMA é rara, mas sua incidência tem aumentado, especialmente entre idosos. A taxa de mortalidade é alta, entre 50% e 70%, devido ao diagnóstico tardio. É mais comum em indivíduos com mais de 60 anos e com comorbidades cardiovasculares. O diagnóstico é desafiador, frequentemente retardado pela inespecificidade dos sintomas iniciais. A dor abdominal severa, desproporcional aos achados físicos, acompanhada de náuseas e vômitos, é característica. A tomografia computadorizada (TC) com contraste é o método de escolha para a avaliação diagnóstica, permitindo a visualização detalhada das artérias mesentéricas e a identificação de possíveis oclusões. Exames laboratoriais podem revelar leucocitose, acidose metabólica e elevação do lactato sérico, mas não são específicos. O tratamento clínico inclui estabilização hemodinâmica, fluidos intravenosos, correção de desequilíbrios eletrolíticos, analgesia e anticoagulação com heparina. Em alguns casos, vasodilatadores intra-arteriais são usados para melhorar o fluxo sanguíneo. O tratamento cirúrgico é necessário em casos de necrose intestinal ou peritonite. Procedimentos como embolectomia, trombectomia e ressecção do intestino necrosado são comuns. Em situações de dúvida sobre a viabilidade intestinal, uma segunda cirurgia pode ser realizada. Intervenções endovasculares, como angioplastia com stent, são alternativas menos invasivas. Por fim, a IMA é uma emergência médica que requer diagnóstico rápido e tratamento agressivo. O manejo eficaz depende de uma combinação de estratégias clínicas e cirúrgicas, ajustadas à etiologia subjacente e à condição geral do paciente. A conscientização sobre os fatores de risco e a apresentação clínica pode ajudar na identificação precoce e no tratamento oportuno desta condição potencialmente fatal.
Abordagens atuais e perspectivas no diagnóstico da Cardiomiopatia Hipertrófica: desafios e avanços
Authors: Paula Júnior Ricardo André de Oliveira , Lusvarghi Enzo Fabrizzio Moretto , Garcia Gabriel Martins , Cordeiro Júnior Carlos Wagner Leal , Duarte Paulo Henrique da Silva
Published: July 2024

INTRODUÇÃO: A cardiomiopatia hipertrófica (CMH) é uma doença genética caracterizada pela hipertrofia assimétrica do músculo cardíaco, sendo uma das principais causas de morte súbita em jovens atletas. A variabilidade genética da CMH, com mais de 1.400 mutações identificadas, complica seu diagnóstico e manejo. Mutações nos genes MYH7 e MYBPC3 são responsáveis por cerca de 70% dos casos familiares. OBJETIVOS: Revisar as abordagens atuais no diagnóstico da CMH, discutir desafios clínicos e explorar futuras direções para aprimorar o diagnóstico e manejo da doença. MÉTODOS: Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura nas bases de dados PubMed, Scopus e Web of Science, focando em avanços tecnológicos e genéticos no diagnóstico da CMH. Foram incluídos artigos publicados nos últimos dez anos, escritos em inglês e português. RESULTADOS: A busca identificou 232 artigos, dos quais 9 foram considerados metodologicamente robustos. A ressonância magnética cardíaca (RMC) e a ecocardiografia tridimensional foram destacadas por melhorar significativamente o diagnóstico da CMH, especialmente na detecção de fibrose miocárdica. O sequenciamento de nova geração (NGS) revolucionou o diagnóstico genético, permitindo a identificação de múltiplas mutações simultaneamente. Terapias emergentes, como o uso de agentes moduladores de miosina, exemplificado pelo mavacamten, mostraram-se promissoras na redução da obstrução do trato de saída do ventrículo esquerdo. CONCLUSÃO: Os avanços em técnicas de imagem e genômica melhoraram significativamente o diagnóstico da CMH. No entanto, a complexidade genética e fenotípica da doença continua sendo um desafio. A integração de novas tecnologias e uma abordagem multidisciplinar são essenciais para melhorar o manejo da CMH. Futuras pesquisas devem focar no desenvolvimento de biomarcadores específicos e no uso de inteligência artificial para otimizar o cuidado aos pacientes com CMH.
Análise de terapias utilizadas no manejo da Síndrome de Sjogren: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Ribeiro João Vítor Giovannini Sad , Barbosa João Vitor Jatobá , Melo Júlia Brunetti Teles de , Miguez Laura Drummond de Moura , Campos Maria Elisa da Silva
Published: July 2024

Introdução: A Síndrome de Sjögren é uma doença imunomediada, inflamatória e crônica, que tem evolução lenta e progressiva, e acomete as glândulas exócrinas e outros tecidos epiteliais devido a infiltrado linfocitário focal. Acomete principalmente mulheres entre 50 e 60 anos e os sintomas mais frequentes são secura, fadiga e dor crônica não inflamatória, que podem ser associados a manifestações sistêmicas. Objetivo: Avaliar algumas formas de tratamento da Síndrome de Sjögren, com seus benefícios e limitações, além de realizar considerações sobre o cenário geral da doença. Metodologia: Para a confecção desta revisão integrativa, foram realizadas pesquisas nas bases de dados MedLine, SciELO e Lilacs. Como critérios de inclusão foram aceitos artigos publicados em inglês, português ou espanhol e publicados a partir de 2019 até 2024, foram selecionados oito artigos para compor o quadro de resultados. Resultados: Os estudos analisados mostraram melhores índices nos testes de secura ocular com a associação de terapias, como a utilização de soro autólogo em conjunto com ciclosporina. Além disso, outros medicamentos como telitacicept, hidroxicloroquina e pilocarpina e  anticorpos monoclonais, como rituximabe, belimumabe, ianalumabe e tocilizumabe evidenciaram variações clínicas individuais da evolução e de prognóstico. Conclusão:  As terapias estudadas atualmente apresentam também desvantagens e, por isso, é de suma importância que estudos relativos aos tratamentos dessa doença continuem sendo produzidos, para que haja gradativamente mais evidências de qualidade que possam auxiliar a prática clínica e a tomada de decisão dos médicos, contribuindo para o bem-estar dos pacientes.
Prevalência da cefaleia em uma amostra de estudantes do curso de Medicina da UNICESUMAR - Maringá e fatores associados
Authors: Parreira Igor Giacometi , Abrahim Lucas Valério , Soares Lilian Capelari
Published: July 2024

A cefaleia é uma queixa frequente nos serviços de saúde, sendo sua compreensão essencial para a adoção de condutas terapêuticas adequadas. Este estudo tem como objetivo geral avaliar a prevalência da cefaleia e identificar os fatores associados em estudantes de Medicina da Unicesumar. Para atingir esse objetivo, foram realizadas análises abrangentes, considerando fatores sociodemográficos, estilo de vida e impacto acadêmico. Os resultados deste estudo forneceram insights valiosos para a compreensão da cefaleia em estudantes de Medicina, destacando a importância de estratégias de promoção da saúde mental e física nessa população. Além disso, os dados obtidos poderão embasar a implementação de intervenções direcionadas, contribuindo para a melhoria do bem-estar e desempenho acadêmico dos estudantes de Medicina, e fornecer subsídios para o desenvolvimento de políticas institucionais voltadas à promoção da saúde nesse contexto específico.
Convívio familiar e a qualidade de vida em estudantes de medicina de um centro universitário em Teresina-PI
Authors: Maia Virna Aguiar Barreto , Oliveira Thaline Figuerêdo Lima de , Lopes Samuel Henderson Pereira , Silva Williams Cardec da
Published: July 2024

A saúde engloba e sofre influência de múltiplas variáveis, incluindo condições internas e externas, estando, entre elas, a inserção e participação em instituições sociais, como a família e as Instituições de ensino superior (IES). O presente estudo tem como objetivo compreender a importância do convívio familiar na qualidade de vida dos estudantes de medicina em uma instituição de ensino superior privada. Trata-se de estudo observacional e quantitativo, no qual foram avaliados questionários para verificar a relação do convívio familiar com o conforto na vida dos estudantes de medicina de uma faculdade, a pesquisa foi realizada no período de fevereiro até março de 2023, em uma faculdade privada no município de Teresina-Piauí. O estudo contou com uma amostra de 314 participantes acadêmicos de medicina na faixa etária de 18 até 43 anos regularmente matriculados na faculdade escolhida. Esta pesquisa demonstra em profundidade a necessidade de realização de mais estudos, os quais devem ser grandes, randomizados e tentarão avaliar ou elucidar o diagnóstico, tratamento e prevenção, podendo ser combinados aos mais antigos como uma estratégia crítica para melhorar a condição de vida, além de protocolos mais precisos do tema, principalmente com relação a realização de um manejo adequado, mais detalhado e efetivo.
Tratamentos e fatores prognósticos relacionados à trombocitopenia imune em pacientes pediátricos: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Melo Júlia Brunetti Teles de , Brasileiro Karine Wajnsztok , Patricio Marianna Medina , Chaves Rafaela Bahia , Ribeiro Sara Tomazela Laurenti
Published: July 2024

Introdução: A púrpura trombocitopênica imunológica (PTI) é um distúrbio imunomediado que culmina em trombocitopenia. Na população pediátrica de países europeus, sua incidência anual consiste em 4,1 a 9,5 casos por 100 mil crianças, apresentando predomínio na faixa etária de 1 a 5 anos de idade. Ao analisar o quadro clínico pediátrico clássico, destacam-se manifestações hemorrágicas, como petéquias e equimoses. Objetivo: Analisar os diversos tratamentos e fatores prognósticos relacionados à PTI. Metodologia: A busca dos artigos consistiu em consulta às bases de dados PubMed e SciELO. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos de estudo clínico randomizado controlado, coorte prospectivo e retrospectivo e relato de caso; recorte temporal nos últimos cinco anos (2019 a 2024); texto integral disponível em formato eletrônico; ser compatível com os objetivos da pesquisa. Resultados: Os diferentes estudos evidenciaram variações clínicas de evolução, de prognóstico e de desfecho relacionadas a algumas interleucinas e imunoglobulinas e a alguns biomarcadores envolvidos na patogênese e no prognóstico da doença, bem como diferentes alternativas de tratamento, como o uso de corticoides, imunoglobulinas, agonistas de receptores de trombopoietina e imunossupressores. Conclusão: Assim como outras alternativas farmacológicas disponíveis hoje para o tratamento da PTI, as modalidades abordadas nesta revisão também necessitam de mais estudos e testes que possam explorar mais seus efeitos e sua correlação clínica-laboratorial, para sustentar, com mais segurança, seu uso na prática clínica.