bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing Prevention Protocols by a Brief Questionnaire in the Infectious Respiratory Diseases Pandemics: An Application in Pedestrian Population in COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Jafari-Khounigh Ali , Razzaghi Alireza , Sharifi Hamid , Habibzadeh Shahram , Heydari Seyed Taghi , Entezarmahdi Rasool , Farahbakhsh Mostafa , Moghaddam Alireza Ansari , Rezaei Mahdi , Saadati Mohammad , Sarbazi Ehsan , Haghighi Morteza , Golestani Mina , Sadeghi-Bazargani Homayoun
Published: December 2024

To perform effective prevention programs, we need to know how well people follow prevention protocols, like mask use and social distancing, measuring using standard tools. This study aims to develop and validate a brief questionnaire to assess the compliance with prevention protocols against infectious respiratory diseases pandemics including COVID-19 in pedestrians. This cross-sectional study was conducted using convenience sampling method in May and June 2021. Construct validity of the questionnaire was assessed using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). Content validity was evaluated by quantitative method, thus, Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Content Validity Index (CVI) were calculated. For reliability of the questionnaire, the internal consistency using Cronbach’s alpha, and test-retest reliability using Spearman-Brown correlation coefficient were assessed. A total of 324 persons from three provinces of Iran participated in this study. The mean age (SD) of participants was 41.5 (16.7). The CVR values resulted in the elimination of two questions. The Scale level CVI/Average (S-CVI/Ave) was equal to 0.992; and Scale level CVI/Universal Agreement (S-CVI/UA) was 0.889. One factor with five items emerged from principal component factor analysis accounting for 51.99% of the variance. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient equal to 0.76 indicated an acceptable internal consistency and the Spearman-Brown correlation coefficient of 0.939 depicted stability of the questionnaire. This questionnaire is a brief tool with acceptable validity and reliability to evaluate the compliance with preventive protocols during infectious respiratory diseases outbreaks in order for policy-makers to make effective interventions to slow down the spread of disease.
Exploring Students’ Perceptions of Learning Medical Terminology With Teacher-Made Flashcards Used Electronically
Authors: Alizadeh Iman , Ebrahimi Farideh , Dehnad Afsaneh
Published: December 2024

Although the production and use of educational materials have been accelerated, their quality and usability for students might have been overshadowed by the urgency to maintain the continuity of education at universities. Concerned with the provision of quality education, this study aimed to discover medical sciences students’ perceptions of the quality of teacher-made medical terminology flashcards used in university courses electronically. To do so, the students in the fields of laboratory sciences, radiology, anesthesia, operating room, nursing, medicine, and midwifery used the teacher-made flashcards in medical terminology and specialized English courses, and their perceptions of the quality of the flashcards were elicited in terms of appearance, content of information, and potential contribution to learning. The results showed that overall, the students evaluated the flashcards positively; they, however, indicated that the color choices, adequacy of information, and potential effects on students’ motivation for studying medical terms were three aspects of the flashcards that warranted more detailed consideration. Moreover, the students’ perceptions of the appearance of the flashcards and the potential contribution of the flashcards to learning did not differ across the disciplines; the students, however, had different perceptions of the content of information on the flashcards due to the type, degree, and specificity of the information they needed. The study concludes that how the flashcards are developed aesthetically, how exhaustively they embrace the students’ needs for information, and how potentially efficaciously they contribute to learning mattered to the students. The study recommends that although teacher-made materials can support the delivery of knowledge and continuity of education, considering students’ feedback on and perceptions of the materials can help secure the quality and usability of the materials and ensure quality teaching and learning.
The Incidence of Nosocomial Bloodstream Infections in Children With Congenital Heart Disease Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Rajabi Mohammad Mehdi , Gharib Behdad , Mirzaaghayan Mohammad Reza
Published: December 2024

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common congenital abnormality in children and often requires surgical intervention. These children are vulnerable to nosocomial infections (NIs), particularly bloodstream infections (BSIs), after surgery. In this study, we aimed to investigate the incidence of bloodstream infections BSIs after cardiac surgery. This retrospective study was conducted on pediatric patients refered to Children’s Medical Center Hospital, affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences, from March 2022 to March 2023 for cardiac surgery. The records of 449 patients were reviewed, with 436 meeting inclusion criteria. Data were extracted from medical records, including age, weight, gender, clinical diagnoses, and blood culture results. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics (including frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (including Chi-square and Independent t-test) in SPSS version 23. The results showed that the incidence of BSIs in pediatric CHD patients after cardiac surgery was 3.21%. Postoperative blood cultures revealed that Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most common pathogen (42.9%), followed by Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis (14.3% each). No significant association was found between BSIs and gender (P=0.70), weight (P=0.06), or diagnosis (P=0.44). However, age was significantly associated with BSI incidence (P<0.001). This study provides important insights into the incidence of nosocomial BSIs in pediatric CHD patients after cardiac surgery. Our results highlight the need for stronger infection control measures and targeted antibiotic therapies to effectively manage BSIs. Further research is recommended to validate these results and improve preventive measures in pediatric cardiac units.
Migratory Polyarthritis Associated With Clopidogrel: A Case Report
Authors: Khederlou Hamid , Hassanzadeh-Makoui Reza , Azimi Pirsaraei Vanoushe
Published: December 2024

Clopidogrel, a selective thienopyridine, is used for secondary prevention of major adverse cardiovascular events. Some studies have reported inflammatory arthritis as a rare adverse effect of Clopidogrel. A 47-year-old male underwent percutaneous coronary intervention and was subsequently prescribed a 600 mg loading dose of Clopidogrel, followed by a daily dose of 75 mg. After six days of taking Clopidogrel, the patient presented to the emergency department with right knee pain. The knee joint exhibited swelling, warmth, and tenderness, although there was no redness or crusting. After two and six days of hospitalization, despite receiving antibiotics and Indomethacin, he developed arthritis of the metacarpophalangeal and metatarsophalangeal joints, respectively. According to the laboratory investigation, cultures, synovial fluid analysis, and imaging, infectious, rheumatologic, and crystallopathy diseases were ruled out for the patient. Clopidogrel was discontinued, and the patient was switched to ticagrelor 90 mg twice daily. All symptoms and signs of joint inflammation had improved within five days of stopping the Clopidogrel. After one week and one and six months of follow-up, there has been no recurrence of symptoms.
Effectiveness of Birthing Ball Exercises Therapy in Improving Labor Pain and Labor Outcomes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Phalswal Uma , Jha Sujata , Dixit Priyanshi , Yadav Raksha
Published: December 2024

Objective: We must treat every woman with respect and compassion during her childbirth, allowing her to choose how she wants to remember the experience. Midwives and nurses use birthing balls to reduce labor pain and enhance maternal comfort without an epidural. The aim of this systematic review was to critically evaluate the available evidences on the effect of birthing balls on labor pain and labour outcomes.
Materials and methods: Studies identified through PubMed, Semantic Scholar, and Mendeley electronic databases to gather evidences with selected keywords. This review incorporated randomised controlled trials and quasi-experimental research studies that met specific, predefined inclusion criteria. The search generated 441 titles and abstracts, which were further filtered down to 29 publications that were possibly relevant. Out of those, eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Performed a quality assessment of the articles using the JBI quality assessment tool.
Results: All of the included studies show labor pain on a 10-cm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and interventional groups reported significantly less labor pain in delivery compared to the control group without birth ball exercise. On labour outcome findings, the intervention group had a higher mean score of cervical dilation in 2 studies, quicker head descent in 3 studies, lower labor time in 4 studies, mother satisfaction throughout labor in 2 studies, and a preference for vaginal delivery in 2 studies.
Conclusion: Clinical implementation of a birthing ball exercise during the process of labor is an effective intervention to reduce labor pain and improve labor outcomes.
Influencing Factor Analysis and Prediction Model of Emergency Caesarean Delivery for Advanced-Age Nulliparous Women at the Time of Hospitalization
Authors: Arakaki Ryosuke , Isono Wataru , Fukuda Hiroaki , Tanaka Junya , Minamino Arisa , Hayashi Shiko
Published: December 2024

Objective: In Japan, the number of nulliparous pregnant women of advanced age, defined as 35 years or older, has increased, and the age range has lengthened towards older age with the increased use of infertility treatments. Given this trend, adverse labour outcomes, such as emergency caesarean delivery (ECD), are expected to increase. Therefore, by focusing mainly on maternal age and infertility treatment history, we aimed to establish a new prediction model for the likelihood of ECD after identifying the influencing factors related to maternal and labour-related characteristics.
Materials and methods: The medical records of 1,521 pregnant women who were nulliparous between 2017/4/1 and 2024/3/31 at our hospital were retrospectively reviewed. First, for the 675 women who were aged 30 years old or more, we calculated the rates of ECD in 8 groups classified according to maternal age, infertility treatment, and other variables. Next, we performed multivariate logistic regression analysis to assess the effect of each representative factor and established a prediction model based on the number of factors that were significant in the multivariate analysis.
Results: Simple comparisons classified by maternal age revealed a constant increase in the rate of ECD with increasing maternal age, and multivariate analysis revealed 7 significant factors, namely, advanced maternal age, history of using assisted reproductive techniques (ART), small height, high Body mass index (BMI), low Bishop score, late-term delivery, and large infant. In the prediction model constructed with these 7 factors, the rate of ECD increased as the number of these factors increased.
Conclusion: The negative impact of advanced maternal age, namely, 40 years or older, and ART history, on labour outcome is clear. A new prediction model has the potential to identify patients with an extremely high probability of needing an ECD. These results may indicate that the management of the labour process will become more difficult in the future.
Lifetime Attributable Risk for Breast Cancer Induced by High-resolution Computed Tomography during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sahebi Roya , Hassanzadeh Jafar , Haghighi Rezvan Ravanfar , Lotfi Mehrzad , Mirahmadizadeh Alireza
Published: December 2024

Objective: The widespread utilization of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) for diagnosing and management of COVID-19 during the pandemic has prompted worries regarding a potential rise in future breast cancer cases. We aimed to estimate the Life Attributable Risk (LAR) of breast cancer in Shiraz, Iran, linked to HRCT use during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Namazi Hospital in Shiraz from February 2, 2020, to December 31, 2022.The Imaging Performance Assessment of CT Scanners (ImPACT) patient dosimetry calculator was used to determine organ doses. LAR was computed utilizing the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation (BEIR) Committee models.
Results: The sample size was 666, with ages spanning from 15 to 95 years. 25% (168) had HRCT more than once (2 to 8 times). The mean and 95% uncertainty limits (UL) for Total LAR of breast cancer, considering both single and multiple doses of radiation exposure, was 217 (95% UL, 194-244) per 100,000 persons.
Conclusion: According to our research, the risk of potential breast cancer should not be overlooked. It is advised to use the ultra-low-dose protocol over the low-dose in HRCT. Physicians, pulmonologists, and infectious disease specialists are advised to avoid unnecessary and repeated requests for chest HRCT in a short period.
ONIMIC PRACTICE IN THE PARADIGM OF METAMODERNISM (MONODRAMA-ANTYUTOPIA “RECORDING” BY OLEKSANDR IRVANETS)
Authors: Lukash Halyna
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The article analyzes the genre-specific features of onymic writing in postmodernism. Monodrama, as a form of theatrical art, focuses on a single character, allowing for a deeper exploration of the psychological and existential aspects of the protagonist, as well as addressing important themes of self-identification in a technologically advanced society. In metamodernism, proper names may not only designate specific objects or individuals but also acquire a symbolic meaning, revealing deep senses.
Purpose. The aim of the study is to highlight the features of onymic writing in metamodernist literary works as a new paradigm of contemporary literary practices, using the analysis of the genre onomasticon of Oleksandr Irvanets' antiutopian monodrama “Recording” as an example.
The object of study is the onomasticon of Oleksandr Irvanets' antiutopian monodrama “Recording” in the context of metamodernism.
Research methods. The study employs the method of critical analysis, as well as systematic, structural, and formal methods, alongside with the methods of systematization and generalization, which provide a scientific foundation for the understanding of the distinctive features of onymic practices within the paradigm of metamodernism and their new aesthetics. Through the descriptive method, the specific use of onyms in the system of proper names in metamodernist literature is characterized.
Research results. The study highlights the unique interaction of onymic and non-onymic nominations in literary texts as means of creating the metamodern world. It demonstrates the role of the onymic-nominative sphere surrounding the monodrama's protagonist in revealing the author's intent. An analysis of Oleksandr Irvants' onymic work was carried out in the context of the aesthetics of metamodernism, which involves a semantic game when familiar things can acquire new meanings. In onymic practice, it is accomplished through processes of onymization and transonymization. It is noted that the onymic writing of metamodernism possesses a significant suggestive potential. The study shows that through onymic practices, the monodrama “Recording” reflects the issues of the modern information society, where alienation and isolation become challenges for the individual.
Conclusions. In the monodrama, proper names serve as a tool for revealing the protagonist's inner world, identity, memory, and social reflections. Since there is only one character in the monodrama, proper names help to disclose the protagonist's psychological state, as well as his attitude towards society and the world. In the context of metamodernism, proper names combine modernist seriousness with postmodern irony. They can become objects of playful reinterpretation, emphasizing their multi-layered and complex nature, and serve as symbols of social, political, or ideological processes.
Ankara-Gölbaşı Ekolojik Koşullarında Yazlık Olarak Ekilen Bazı Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.) Çeşitlerinin Verim ve Verim Öğeleri ile Yanıklık Hastalığı (Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Labr.) Yönünden Performansları
Authors: Kavlak Ersin , Aydoğan Abdulkadir , Atasayar Elif , Kılınç Havva Vildan , Gündüz Selin
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışma, Tarla Bitkileri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü İkizce Araştırma ve Uygulama Çiftliği deneme alanında, 2021 ve 2022 yıllarında yazlık olarak kuru koşullarda yürütülmüştür. Denemede bölge adaptasyonu yüksek nohut çeşitlerini belirlemek amaçlanmış ve materyal olarak Azkan, Çakır, Akça, Göktürk, Hasanbey, Taek-Sağel, Arda ve Aksu olmak üzere yaygın olarak yetiştirilen 8 farklı nohut (Cicer arietinum L.) çeşidi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma, tesadüf blokları deneme deseninde 4 tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre ekimden itibaren %50 çiçeklenme gün sayısı, ilk bakla yüksekliği, yüz tane ağırlığı ve yanıklık hastalığı bakımından çeşitler arasındaki fark istatistiki açıdan önemli bulunmuştur. Bitki boyu ve tane verimi bakımından çeşitler arasındaki fark istatistiki açıdan önemli bulunmamıştır. Ekimden itibaren %50 çiçeklenme gün sayısı en geç 75 gün ile Göktürk, en erken 68 gün ile Akça çeşidinde; İlk bakla yüksekliği bakımından en yüksek değer 32,62 cm ile Azkan çeşidinden elde edilirken, en düşük değer 25,62 ile Çakır çeşidinde; yüz tane ağırlığı bakımından 41,1 g ile en yüksek değere Akça ve Çakır çeşitleri sahip olurken, en düşük değer 36,35 g ile Arda çeşidinde; yanıklık hastalığı bakımından en düşük değer 2 ile Göktürk çeşidinde, en yüksek değer ise Akça ve Taek-Sağel çeşitlerinde belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma sonuçları doğrultusunda Göktürk, Azkan ve Arda çeşitlerinin yanıklığa dayanıklılık bakımından bölge için daha uygun olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Corneal topographic and aberrometric changes in patients with acquired blepharoptosis after levator resection surgery
Authors: Sariyeva Ismayilov Ayna , Doğanay Derya , Yelkovan Muhammed
Published: December 2024

Objective: To evaluate changes in corneal topography and aberrometry in patients with acquired blepharoptosis after levator resection surgery.
Methods: This prospective, interventional study evaluated 30 eyelids of 19 patients who underwent levator resection surgery for acquired blepharoptosis with fair and good levator function (LF). Patients underwent corneal topography before and 3 months after surgery.
Results: Eleven patients had bilateral, and 8 patients had unilateral surgery. There were significant decreases in steep keratometry (K2) (preoperative: 46.21±5.02, postoperative: 44.58±2.11, P=0.046) and corneal astigmatism (preoperative: 2.98±0.61, postoperative: 1.59±1.50, P=0.034). There were no statistically significant differences between the preoperative and postoperative values of flat keratometry (K1) (P=0.585), mean keratometry (Kmean) (P=0.122), axis of corneal astigmatism (P=0.548), central corneal thickness (P=0.350), anterior chamber depth (P=0.747) and anterior chamber volume (P=0.679). The root mean square (RMS)-higher order aberrations (HOA) (P<0.001), RMS-Coma (Z₃¹) (P<0.001), and RMS-Trefoil (Z₃³) (P=0.005) decreased significantly. Preoperative and postoperative values of the seconder astigmatism (P=0.345), RMS-spherical aberration (Z₄⁰) (P=0.255), and RMS-Quadrafoil (Z₄⁴) values were found similar.
Conclusions: Levator resection for acquired blepharoptosis can improve the topography and aberrometry measurements of the cornea 3 months after surgery.
Effects of soaking duration on nutritional composition and total phenolic content of some selected lentil varieties of Bangladesh
Authors: Sarkar Riya , Khatun Most. Khadiza , Sultana Mst. Adia , Mustary Shobnom , Rahman Maisha , Akter Tahmina , Mortuza Md. Golam , Hannan Md. Abdul , Sakil Md. Arif , Haque Md. Rezwanul
Published: December 2024

Soaking is a common pre-processing step in pulse preparation, which can influence the nutritional composition and bioactive properties of lentils. This study investigates the effects of varying soaking duration on the proximate composition and total phenolic content of three selected Bangladeshi lentil varieties: Binamasur-6, Binamasur-9, and Binamasur-12. Samples of each variety were soaked in water for 6, 12, and 18 h, followed by analyses to determine changes in protein, carbohydrate, fat, fiber, and moisture contents. The total phenolic content (TPC) was also evaluated and it was significantly reduced (0.8%~1.3%) with the increase of the soaking period (at 18 hrs). Binamasur-6 demonstrated the highest reduction of total phenolic content. Results showed that soaking significantly increased moisture (0.4%~1.3%) and crude fiber content (0.7%~0.9%) and reduced total carbohydrates (0.2%~1.6%), crude lipid (0.4%~1.2%) and ash content (0.3%~0.6%) at 18 hrs soaking period in all the tested varieties. Among the varieties, Binamasur-9 exhibited the highest increase in moisture content and reduction in crude lipid content. Additionally, protein content remained relatively unchanged. Among all, 18 h soaking time had the most beneficial effect on the tested parameters. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing soaking processes to retain or enhance nutritional and functional properties in Bangladeshi lentil varieties, which could be beneficial for food industries and public health initiatives focused on nutrient-dense diets. Further research may explore the effects of soaking under different conditions, such as pH or temperature, on these parameters.
Liberdade de expressão da fé dos líderes religiosos em face do grupo LGBTQIA+: linha tênue para configuração do crime de injúria racial
Authors: Ugniani Matheus , Vieira Tereza Rodrigues
Published: December 2024

Com a instituição do Estado Constitucional Democrático de Direito, observou-se uma elevação das garantias fundamentais do "ser" humano, entre as quais se destaca a liberdade de expressão de fé, especialmente porque a Constituição de 1988 expressa a invocação da proteção de Deus em sua "carta de intenções". Entretanto, o Constituinte não apenas previu esse direito fundamental, mas também estabeleceu a garantia constitucional da igualdade de direitos para todos, independentemente de raça ou sexo, elevando-a, assim, ao Grupo LGBTQIA+. Nesse contexto, para fundamentar e concretizar essa garantia, o Supremo reconheceu a possibilidade de aplicar o crime de racismo àqueles que ofendem indivíduos que se autodeclaram LGBTQIA+. Por outro lado, é possível identificar a ocorrência de potenciais conflitos entre garantias, tais como a "expressão de fé" e a "liberdade do grupo" LGBTQIA+, os quais devem ser examinados e resolvidos com harmonia, por meio da técnica da ponderação de bens jurídicos e do diálogo entre fontes do direito, a fim de garantir o respeito a ambas
CLOSE ENCOUNTER OF THE FIRST KIND: REPORT ON A CLEANING SYMBIOSIS BEHAVIOUR OF LEATHERJACKETS (Oligoplites saurus) ASSOCIATED WITH A SPINETAIL DEVIL RAY (Mobula mobular) IN SOUTHEASTERN BRAZIL
Authors: Hauser-Davis Rachel Ann , Siciliano Salvatore , Francisco Arlaine , Ciott Aurea , Ferreira Rafael Mesquita , Cardoso Júlio , Casas André Luis S.
Published: December 2024

Scraping behavior in teleost species is often associated with epibiont, parasite and debris removal, primarily documented in interactions with sharks. This study provides the first documented evidence of leatherjackets (Oligoplites sp.) engaging in cleaning symbiosis with a Spinetail devil ray (Mobula mobular) off the coast of Ilhabela, southeastern Brazil. Drone footage captured on May 12 and May 24, 2024, revealed leatherjackets scraping their bodies against the devil ray's dorsal surface, targeting their heads and lateral surfaces, aligning with incidental cleaning behavior. This novel interspecies interaction occurred during an upwelling bloom, attracting numerous marine species to the area. Potential ecological implications of declining elasmobranch populations due to climate change and human activities are also noted.
Postać kobiety-winowajczyni w świetle księgi sądowej gnieźnieńskich wikariuszy generalnych Sędka z Czechla i Jana z Brzóstkowa (1449–1453, 1455)
Authors: Rombek Tomasz
Published: December 2024

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie wizerunku kobiety jako sprawczyni czynu zabronionego. Podstawą analizy jest opublikowana księga sądowa dwóch wikariuszy generalnych archidiecezji gnieźnieńskiej Sędka z Czechla i Jana z Brzóstkowa z lat 1449–1453 oraz1455 r. Na jej kartach przedstawiono ponad 500 różnego rodzaju spraw, które podlegały decyzji wikariusza. Wśród nich 78 dotyczyło kobiet jako winnych popełnienia takich czynów, jak utrzymywanie relacji intymnych z duchownym, cudzołóstwo, herezja, uprawianie czarów, przemoc fizyczna wobec męża lub innych osób, świętokradztwo czy dzieciobójstwo.
Maria Medycejska – swarliwa kobieta, nieznośna żona?
Authors: Skrzypietz Aleksandra
Published: December 2024

Maria Medycejska była drugą żoną Henryka IV i wydała na świat następcę tronu, a potem jeszcze kilkoro zdrowych dzieci, w tym dwóch synów. Wydawało się zatem, że jej pozycja jako królowej jest niepodważalna. Jednak pożycie pary królewskiej nie układało się dobrze. Powodów do sporów wskazywano wiele. Zarzucano Marii niskie pochodzenie, gdyż wywodziła się z rodu bankierów wyniesionych na książęcy tron. Wskazywano różnice w kulturze i obyczajowości włoskiej i francuskiej oraz trudności Marii z przystosowaniem się do życia na dworze męża. Uważano, że sytuację pogarszali otaczający ją Włosi. Jednym z elementów nieprozumień miały być zdrady Henryka IV, który otaczał się kobietami, a legalne i uznane dzieci kazał – zgodnie z obyczajem dworu francuskiego – wychowywać wspólnie, wywołując tym niezadowolenie małżonki. Pretensje Marii miała powodować jej zazdrość o męża lub przykre doświadczenie z dzieciństwa, gdy to jej matka cierpiała z powodu niewierności małżonka, który utrzymywał stałą relację z faworytą. Artykuł wskazuje jednak, że przyczyny napięcia i konfliktów pomiędzy parą królewską były daleko poważniejsze, a kłótliwość Marii nie wynikała jedynie z jej charakteru i osobistych doświadczeń.
Anna z Wiśniowieckich Zamoyska – szekspirowska Lady Makbet rodu Zamoyskich?
Authors: Tyszka Paweł
Published: December 2024

Artykuł poświęcony jest konfliktowi w rodzie Zamoyskich na początku lat dwudziestych XVII w. Anna z Wiśniowieckich Zamoyska, wdowa po strażniku polnym koronnym i kasztelanie chełmskim Janie Zamoyskim, została oskarżona o wysłanie do Zamościa czarownic, które miały rzucić urok na Katarzynę z Ostrogskich Zamoyską, żonę wojewody kijowskiego Tomasza Zamoyskiego, by ta stała się bezpłodna. W ten sposób Anna z Wiśniowieckich Zamoyska miała jakoby chcieć zapewnić swoim synom przejęcie ordynacji zamojskiej po bezpotomnej śmierci Tomasza Zamoyskiego. W konflikt zostali zaangażowani członkowie rodów Zamoyskich i Wiśniowieckich, stając w obronie wdowy po kasztelanie chełmskim lub też ją oskarżając.Narodziny dzieci Tomasza Zamoyskiego i jego żony pozwoliły zapomnieć o tych oskarżeniach. Lecz po śmierci Jana „Sobiepana” Zamoyskiego, III ordynata zamojskiego, ponownie odżyły, służąc do walki propagandowej między potencjalnymi spadkobiercami ordynacji zamojskiej.
Considering the Juridical and Extra-Juridical Aspects of the Domestic Violence Relief System in Poland
Authors: Dutka Joanna
Published: December 2024

The paper explores various problems within the two-track model of domestic violence prevention and relief system in Poland. The two tracks are oriented around social services and criminal courts, respectively. The common problem for both tracks is the shortage of personnel sufficiently trained to deal with the specifics of family abuse. Moreover, the discriminatory attitudes towards the victims are prevailing, while the gender aspect of the problem is poorly recognised in everyday institutional practice. Consequently, the cultural patterns that domestic violence stems from are rarely challenged, undercutting prospective long-term prevention strategies.
Exploring the Metal Composition of Eri Silkworm Cocoons Reared on Diverse Host Plant Combinations
Authors: Nayak Priyanka , Dash Shubhasree , Mishra Bijoy Kumar , Kumar S. Ranjith , Arasakumar E.
Published: December 2024

Background: The objective of this study was to analyze the chemical composition of Eri silk cocoons that were reared on various combinations of host plants. The primary host plant castor and secondary host plants such as kesseru, tapioca, gulancha and papaya were utilized in various combinations for different instars. Methods: The present analysis was conducted in lab at Department of Entomology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India during spring season of the year 2022-23. SEM/EDX was used to investigate the cocoons metal elements. Each sample was examined separately to evaluate metal content. Conductive carbon tape attached specimens to stubs. The metal elemental analysis of the scaffold was performed by EDX attached to the scanning electron microscope. Result: For silk cocoon inner surfaces, the metal elements were ordered as follows: C greater than O greater than Mo greater than K greater than Cl greater than Ca greater than Si greater than Na greater than Mg greater than Al. Some Eri cocoons were produced on different host plants and had somewhat different exteriors, but all had evenly distributed components. C and O were abundant on all silk cocoons’ inner and outer surfaces. Cocoons produced on many host plants have higher chemical metal element levels on their exterior and interior surfaces than those raised on a single host plant. The study suggests that chemical factors have a role in silk cocooning, encouraging the creation of β-sheet structure.
Digital Financial Literacy and Digital Financial Behavior: Evidence From an Emerging Economy
Authors: Ban Himalaya , Pokhrel Laxman , Lakhey Subekshya
Published: December 2024

With the growth of the internet and financial technology (fintech), the area of digital fintech has attracted attention from different walks of life. This has fueled financial services researchers to delve into the ramifications of digital financial literacy (DFL) on the digital financial behavior of users. To investigate the interplay of digital financial literacy, digital saving behavior (DSVB), digital spending behavior (DSB), digital saving planning, and digital spending planning, this article applied a cross-sectional survey research design to test the proposed model. The purposive sampling technique was used to research 255 digital wallet users who had a college degree in Nepal and had a basic understanding of financial literacy. The data were analyzed employing the partial least squares structural equation modeling technique. The results showed positive correlations between digital financial literacy, DSB, and DSVB. Likewise, the research suggests that digital spending and saving practices may affect individual’s digital saving and spending planning.
Enhanced Identity and Access Management with Artificial Intelligence: A Strategic Overview
Authors: MUPPA Kaushik Reddy
Published: December 2024

The article aims to impart an overview of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) with identity and access management (IAM) systems and their strategic view regarding evolution, benefits, and challenges. Solid IAM systems are bulwarks of defense that shield sensitive information from sophisticated digital threats. The evolution of IAM during these last three decades - from modules such as Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) to developed systems - has made inroads into handling the contemporary complexities of modern security protocols. It is AI that boosts IAM to real-time threat detection, automated user provisioning, and compliance with regulations through which provisioning is done using machine learning to analyze vast amounts of data for the detection of access patterns that are not usual and from those to predict the breaches, followed by the implementation of solid authentications and controls, including biometric and adaptive verification. Apart from providing benefits, there are challenges to be taken care of in a scenario where the integration of AI will call for advanced hardware, standardized software, and intensive training of users. General AI-driven platforms and tools, like IBM Security Identity Governance and Microsoft Azure Active Directory, add to the strength of IAM by ensuring the automatic detection of potential threats and facilitating proactive actions against them. Moreover, the article elaborates on a few AI-driven IAM applications in the finance and healthcare sectors, which considerably impact data security and fraud reduction. In this regard, addressing the current challenges and developing standardized frameworks is going to be imperative for the extraction of the full potential of AI into IAM.
Demographic Indicators of the Far Eastern Regions in the Mirror of the 2021 All-Russian Population Census
Authors: Mishchuk Svetlana
Published: December 2024

Historically, migration is both a cause and a consequence of the processes taking place in the Russian Far East. The objective of this study is to assess changes in migration indicators in the Far East based on the adjustment of statistical data based on the results of the 2020–2021 All-Russian Population Census. The calculations were made using data from the Unified Interdepartmental Information and Statistical System. The period from 1993 to 2023 is considered with a detailed analysis of the period from 2011 to 2023. An assessment of migration processes is given within five-year periods at the regional level. The period from 2011 to 2021 is considered based on data before and after the change in data, considering the results of the 2020–2021 All-Russian Population Census. It is shown that the change in data based on the census affected both the total population of the Far East and the values of migration rates. In the regional context, a higher migration intensity is typical for the northern regions. The maximum difference in absolute indicators was recorded in the Zabaikalsky Krai, the minimum– in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. When considering relative indicators, the leading position is held by the Kamchatka Krai. It is shown that the adjustment of data considering the results of the 2020 All-Russian Population Census "accelerated" the aging of the population in the Far East. Two groups were identified among the regions. One of them is characterized by a decrease, and the other by an increase in the average age of the population. The study showed that the adjusted data based on the results of the population census differ by region in the Far East and are characterized by positive and negative values.
Demographic Situation in the Donetsk and Lugansk People's Republics
Authors: Bezverbny Vadim , Lukashenko Elena , Bekineev Egor
Published: December 2024

Determining the exact population size of Donbass is a complex task due to the ongoing armed conflict in the region and a significant time interval that has passed since the last All-Ukrainian Population Census conducted in 2001. As of 2024, relevant and reliable sources of information on the demographic situation in Donbass are extremely limited. In turn, the statistical bodies of the people's republics are limited to counting the population exclusively in the territories controlled by Russia. These circumstances necessitate the use of alternative methodological approaches to obtain reliable estimates of the population of the Donetsk and Lugansk People's Republics. The article considers the demographic dynamics and problems of estimating the permanent population of the Donetsk People's Republic and the Lugansk People's Republic (hereinafter referred to as the DPR and LPR), which are part of the Russian Federation. The relevance of the topic is due to the lack of reliable statistical data and the complexity of population accounting in the context of the ongoing conflict in the republics. The objective of the study is to analyze the available data on the population of the DPR and LPR and to assess the demographic situation in the region. The work uses official data from the statistical services of the Donetsk and Luhansk People's Republics, as well as materials from foreign statistical organizations. The results of the study show that since the beginning of the conflict in 2014, the population of the DPR and LPR has significantly decreased due to migration outflow and increased mortality. According to the authors' estimates, at the beginning of 2023, the permanent population of the Donetsk People's Republic was about 4.2 million people, and that of the Luhansk People's Republic was 2.2 million people. In addition, the article shows the population dynamics of the DPR and LPR from 1939 to 2020 based on all-Union population censuses and modern current accounting data. This scientific work emphasizes the need to conduct full-scale population censuses in the republics to obtain accurate information on its size and structure. The problem to which the article is devoted is not only of academic interest, but also has an obvious practical component. The study of the most probable number of the actual population of modern Donbass is directly related to the assessment of its systemic potential and the ability of two regional societies to achieve sustainable socio-economic development.
Migration Processes Between Tajikistan and Afghanistan: History and Present
Authors: Garibova Farzona
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the study is to identify trends in modern migration from Afghanistan to Tajikistan. The study included a content analysis of scientific papers by Tajik, Russian and foreign scientists.Analytical reports and annual reports of international organizations and the Republic of Tajikistan were analyzed, and the results of observations conducted by the author were used. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: to identify the current trends in Afghan migration. The scientific significance of the study lies in the analysis of international migration from Afghanistan to Tajikistan and its impact on the socio-economic development of both countries, especially the border areas. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the obtained research results can be used in the future as a basis for analytical and project activities in developing a strategy for Tajik-Afghan cooperation, in particular in the field of population migration. The analysis of the problem under study showed that there are all the prerequisites for migration of the population of Tajikistan and Afghanistan. Commercial migration plays a significant role in the life of the population of the border areas of both countries. It was revealed that for many households, border markets occupy a key place for earning money and improving their well-being. Afghan refugees generally successfully adapt to Tajik society, however, due to the limited number of jobs in the labor market, like many citizens of Tajikistan, refugees face problems finding work and permanent employment. In view of the recent political events in Afghanistan, there is a limitation of migration data for research.
Technological Solutions for Creating Multi-Agent Systems in the Field of Innovation
Authors: Utepbergenov Irbulat , Seydazimov Syrym
Published: December 2024

Abstract. In the context of the rapid development of science and technology, traditional methods are no longer effective, which requires more intelligent and adaptive solutions for information management and processing. The article explores and analyzes multi-agent systems (MAS), their role and importance in the field of innovation. Objective: systematization of technological solutions used in the development of multi-agent systems in innovation activities, as well as assessment of their impact on the effectiveness of innovation processes. Result and novelty: an analysis of architectural and algorithmic approaches to MAC development was carried out, modern software and hardware solutions, including the Internet of Things (IoT) and cloud platforms, were studied. Innovative aspects in the integration of MAC with physical devices are highlighted, which expands their functionality. Practical significance: the considered technological solutions support the practical application of MAC in various fields: from project management to optimization of research processes. The implementation of the IAU contributes to improved coordination and allocation of resources, which is especially important in conditions of high dynamics and uncertainty of the innovation environment. Discussion: It is emphasized that MAC development faces the challenges of complex architecture and computational costs. The importance of choosing a suitable development platform (for example, JADE, SPADE, NetLogo) is highlighted, depending on the needs of the project. The role of cloud technologies and IoT in the future development of multi-agent systems is emphasized.
Overview of Projects Using Software Robot Technology
Authors: Horoshih Varvara , Russu Yuliya , Nadeeva Milya , Batalov Dmitriy
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Projects using software robot (RPA) technologies in the fields of transport, education and geology are being considered. Special attention is paid to their importance in automating routine operations. Purpose: to demonstrate the practical experience of using RPA to improve work efficiency in various fields of activity. Methods: three examples of the implementation of software robots are presented: automatization of application processing in St. Petersburg and Russian Railways, the formation of discipline courses in the distance learning system (SDE) at the university and the transfer of data between exploration systems. Practical significance: the technologies and development methods used are described. The universality of the RPA application is emphasized, and the effectiveness of the implementation of software robots is assessed.
The effect of forest gaps on the diversity and composition of bacterial communities in mixed-type forest soils across the Carpathian mountains
Authors: Suban Nejc , Maksimović Oliver , Šibanc Nataša , Martinović Tijana , Darenova Eva , Čater Matjaž , Grebenc Tine
Published: December 2024

Mixed forests of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) play a vital ecological role in Central and South-Eastern Europe. This study investigates the diversity and composition of soil bacterial communities in these forests, focusing on rhizosphere and bulk soils under varying canopy structures. Soil samples were collected from eight sites along the Carpathian Mountains, including managed forests and the remnants of old growth. Metabarcoding of bacterial communities revealed that alpha diversity (species richness, Shannon index, and evenness) was significantly affected by sampling location but not by forest canopy structure or soil type (rhizosphere and bulk soil). The lowest bacterial diversity was found in the old-growth forest of the Beskidy region, while the highest was recorded in managed forest in Vrancea. Beta diversity analyses showed minimal variation between rhizosphere and bulk soil bacterial communities, with geographic distance being the strongest predictor of community composition. Actinobacteriota and Proteobacteria were the dominant phyla across all sites, with higher relative abundance of Actinobacteriota in all rhizosphere samples compared to bulk soil. Complex combinations of various environmental conditions at each sampling location, including soil parameters (mainly pH and C:N ratio), the age of forest gaps, the type and intensity of disturbances, and species composition of above-ground vegetation, can strongly affect soil bacterial communities. A closer examination of additional environmental variables would be necessary to better explain the observed differences in the diversity and composition of bacterial communities.
Modulating electronic structure of Co-N5S1 sites in Co single atom catalysts via phosphorus incorporation and nanoclusters to promote oxygen electrocatalytic activity
Authors: Peng Jing , Xue Ting , Li Zhitong , Shi Junwei , Wang Xingzhu , Xu Baomin
Published: December 2024

Atomically dispersed metal catalysts coordinated with nitrogen coordination and anchored to carbon substrates (M-N-C) have become highly effective alternatives to platinum-group catalysts for oxygen electrocatalysis. However, the catalytic efficacy of M-N-C systems remains constrained by the suboptimal performance associated with the symmetric charge distribution around the active metal centers. The synergistic co-design of asymmetric metal single-atom catalytic centers with heteroatom doping significantly enhances the bifunctional oxygen electrocatalytic activity and durability, advancing the capabilities of next-generation flexible zinc-air batteries. Herein, we developed a pyrolysis-secondary coordination strategy to generate a bifunctional oxygen electrocatalyst, characterized by single Co atoms integrated within an asymmetrical Co-N5S1 moiety, along with nanocluster complexes embedded in N,P,S-codoped carbon frameworks, labeled CoSA+NC/NPSC. In the CoSA+NC/NPSC catalyst, the Co-N5S1 active sites exhibit an optimized electronic configuration, achieved through the synergistic coordination of heteroatom doping and nanocluster integration. Theoretically, this configuration significantly lowers the energy barriers and adjusts the d-band center, ensuring a more balanced binding strength between active sites and the oxygen-containing intermediates and contributing to the promoted bifunctional oxygen reduction reaction/oxygen evolution reaction efficiency. The experimentally analytical results reveal that the CoSA+NC/NPSC demonstrates an impressive oxygen evolution reaction activity (Ej=10 = 1.58 V) and a narrow bifunctional potential gap (ΔE = 0.75 V), remarkably superior to the counterparts with symmetric Co-S coordination or phosphorus-free doping. When assembled as an air electrode, the CoSA+NC/NPSC-based flexible zinc-air battery exhibits ultralong charge-discharge life (> 105 h) and impressive initial round-trip efficiency of 72.42% even at 0 °C.
Teaching strategy: The key to supporting learners with autism spectrum disorders’ well-being in Lesotho mainstream schools
Authors: Monyane Mohapi Augustinus , Kgothule Rantsie
Published: December 2024

Improving the well-being of learners with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Lesotho public regular classrooms can be challenging. It may require different teaching strategies or additional support from self-efficacious teachers. This paper aimed to dissect the teaching strategy concept concerning supporting the well-being of learners with autism spectrum disorder in mainstream primary schools in Maseru District within the context of Lesotho. Fourteen participants, including two principals, six teachers and six parents of learners with ASD from two mainstream primary schools in Lesotho, were purposively chosen. Semi-structured individual interviews and observations were employed to generate in-depth data. The data were then analysed thematically. The paper adopted Bandura’s (1986) Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) as the framework for the research design. Overall, participants consider teaching strategies necessary for promoting learners’ holistic well-being, developing intrapersonal strength, promoting learner self-regulation, and increasing learner motivation. Conclusions are made that teachers in mainstream classrooms understand that teaching strategy is a crucial element for bringing desirable changes in the behaviour of learners with ASD. However, they are not well-capacitated to implement these strategies for supporting learners with ASD. It was further recommended that the teachers enhance more differentiated teaching and/or learning strategies and approaches to promote the teaching to keep learners with ASD engaged and learning different skill sets, as these would yield positive results.