bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Analysis of the Cuban Missile Crisis and the Russia-Ukraine War, 1962-2022
Authors: Mbwoge Divine Ngome  , Kingsley A. Eyong
Published: July 2023

The Cuban Missile Crisis was a 35-day confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union in 1962 while the Russian-Ukraine war was a sudden invasion of Ukraine by Russian forces on February 24, 2022. Be it the Cuban Missile Crisis or the Russian-Ukraine war, the main reason behind these issues was the fight for Global dominance between Russia and the NATO powers. This study, therefore, is a comparative analysis of the ideological conflicts in Cuba and Ukraine and analyses the tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union after 1945. Against this backdrop, the study examines the age-old political confrontations between the United States of America, its NATO allies, and Russia. The study argues that the Cuban Missile Crisis and the Russian-Ukraine have the same genealogy and the same similarities. To achieve the goals of this study, data were gleaned from secondary sources then analysed using qualitative methods and presented following a thematic approach. According to the findings of this study, the Russian-Ukraine war, just like the Cuban Missile Crisis, was a result of the arms race going on between the US and Russia.
Innovation and Productivity: A Review in Literature
Authors: Pham Do Tuong Vy
Published: July 2023

Innovation plays a crucial role in improving a firm's performance. The relationship between innovation and productivity has been widely analysed during this decade across countries and industries, generating important new findings. This study aims to provide an overall literature review on the relationship between innovation and the productivity of firms to obtain a comprehensive overview of the role innovation plays in changing productivity. By reviewing existing empirical evidence, one can better understand the different measurements of innovation and productivity. This study also provides a discussion on methods adopted to quantify the relationship between innovation and productivity: CDM model, IV regression, and system-GMM approach.

JEL classification: D22, D24, O30
Ethical Jurisprudence in African American History: A Critical Analysis of the 1965 Voting Rights Act from Peter Singer’s Consequentialist Ethical Theory
Authors: Yuan Yu Cheng
Published: July 2023

On August 6, 1965, President Lyndon Johnson officially signed the Voting Rights Act (VRA) into law. This special day passed one of the most significant laws in American history and also marked one of the most critical moments in the civil rights movement, which is remembered and celebrated by many Americans. This paper aims to parse the underlying morality of the 1965 VRA based on the nature of the act and its immediate or indirect effects on the American people. Qualitative analysis based on primary and secondary sources is used as the primary research method, with Peter Singer's consequentialist ethics as the theoretical underpinning. No first-hand data is generated or used in this research. The analysis of the 1965 VRA's morality yields a positive moral appraisal. The consequentialist approach elucidates without ambiguity that the VRA is moral because it promoted happiness and fulfilled the moral requirement of lessening pains for minority voters. Although the act's impact gradually faded after the Shelby County ruling, the positive effects are not diminished to zero and thus should be acknowledged.
Effect of Addition of Betel Leaf Extract (Piper betle) on Feed for the Treatment of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Infected with Aeromonas hydrophila
Authors: Fira Yuniar  , Patang  , Andi Alamsyah Rivai  , Subariyanto
Published: July 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of adding betel leaf extract (Piper betle) to feed and the most effective doses for the treatment of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) infected with Aeromonas hydrophila. This study was an experimental study using a completely randomized design trial consisting of 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments tested consisted of the control treatment (without giving betel leaf extract), treatment A (giving betel leaf extract 0.40 g/100 g feed), treatment B (giving betel leaf extract 0.60 g/100 g feed), and treatment C (giving betel leaf extract 0.80 g/100 g feed). The data collected includes behavior, morphology, anatomy, growth rate, survival rate, and water quality, including temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, and ammonia. The results showed that treatment A (giving betel leaf extract 0.40 g/100 g feed) was the best treatment with the fastest healing process of clinical symptoms including behavior and anatomy, positive effect on the internal organs of fish, producing the highest absolute weight with an average of 0.72 g, an average absolute length of 0.35 cm, an average specific weight of 0.55% and a survival percentage with an average of 60%.
Effect of Fermented Red Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) on Body Weight, Profil Lipid and Glucose Serum Sprague Dawley Rats Feed High Fat High Fructose Diet
Authors: Fatma Zuhrotun Nisa  , Fitria Eka Purwandari  , Karina Candrakirana Dwinanda  , Nuzulul Sakinatul Fitriah  , Sindy Viana Wulandari
Published: July 2023

One of the non-communicable diseases that cause death is metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome is a collection of risk factors for the degenerative disease found in people. Red beans are foodstuffs from the class of nuts that have high fiber content and low glycemic index. Red beans also contain flavonoids, polyphenols, resistant starch, and saponins. That compounds have been found to function as anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, and anti-hyperlipidemia. Red beans fermented is a fermentation product from Rhizopus orizae. Fermentation assumed can improve the nutritional value and health benefits of red beans. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of red beans fermented on body weight, lipid profile, and blood glucose in Sprague Dawley rats with high carbohydrate and high-fat diets. This research is an experimental design with a pre-post test. Twenty-eight rats were divided into four groups. The first group was given water and standard feed for 28 days. While groups 2, 3, and 4 were fed a high-fat and high-carbohydrate diet for 14 days and then given standard feed and drinking water, red beans fermented, and red beans steamed for 28 days. Weight loss was weighed every week, feed residue was weighed every day, and lipid profiles and blood glucose were measured before and after the intervention. The results showed that red beans and red beans steamed to lose weight, blood glucose, and lipid profiles were significant (p <0.05). Steam red beans have anti-obesity, anti-diabetic and antihiperlipidemia effects that are more effective in improving the condition of metabolic syndrome than the fermentation of red beans.
Analysis of Validity, Practicality, Effectiveness and Student Responses in the Use of Media Trainer Learning Engine Management System (EMS)
Authors: Saharuna  , Muhammad Yahya  , Patang
Published: July 2023

This study aims to determine the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of the Media Trainer Learning Engine Management System (EMS) and know student responses to the use of learning media Engine Management System trainer. The method used in this study is the educational research and development model, including preliminary investigation, design realization/construction, test, evaluation, and revision and implementation. The results showed that the results of the analysis of user responses to the Engine Management System (EMS) learning media that had been developed at each stage consisted of one-on-one trials, limited group trials, and field trials. Then it can be stated that EMS learning media consistently gets very good responses from users. This means that the EMS learning trainer media can be used in learning EMS courses. Likewise, the tendency of student learning outcomes in the Limited Group Trial is in the high learning achievement category. This is indicated by the acquisition of student learning outcomes in the high category in each one-on-one tryout, limited group tryout, and field test. Thus, EMS learning trainer media is effectively used in EMS learning.
Modification of Eco-Friendly Collapsible Crab Pot of Blue Swimming Crab in Pangkep Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Widodo Basuki  , Sultan Alam  , Salman  , Patang
Published: July 2023

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of mesh size on the catches of small crab (Portunus sp.) both in number, carapace length (CL), and catchability between modified and control collapsible crab pot. This study used mesh size of the wrapping net (PE) from 2.5 cm (± 1 inch) to 7.0 cm (± 2.5 inches) with 20 units and 20 repetitions (trips). The results showed that different mesh size has a significant effect on the catch of the pot. However, the catch of a 2.5-inch mesh size- showed a larger carapace length = 42 individuals (85.7 %), while the escaped number was 44 individuals (63.7%) in the unfeasible category catch while the remaining 25 samples (36.2%) are eligible to catch. The Anova test on the catch of crab pot with a mesh size of 2.5 inches and 1 inch based on CL showed F-count > F_table (54.213 > 3.016) or sig. value <0.05 (0.00<0.05) which means that the size of the crab pot had a significant effect on CL. This identified that the size of the collapsible crab pot with a mesh size of 2.5 inches could pass small crabs and can only catch large crabs.
Achievement of ODF (Open Defecation Free) Villages Through the Social Functions Approach In Teba Village
Authors: Ratnasari Yuni , Fadilla Tria , Amiruddin Suwaib
Published: July 2023

Public behavior of open defecation free (ODF) is an unhealthy condition. The program through ownership of healthy latrines is presented as a means of educating the public about healthy living. The research aims to determine the social structures in achieving ODF (Open Defecation Free) villages. This study uses qualitative methods with the aim of seeing the location first hand and conducting interviews for the individuals and groups involved. The results of the study show that the ODF program involves several components including the company, government and community. The function of the community is to form groups for sanitation socialization, while the company participates in building both latrines and clean water facilities. Meanwhile, Pekon Teba also provides facilities, in accordance with government programs that have been planned, both in terms of budget and additional facilities. The facilities and infrastructure provided to the community include repairing waterways by establishing a Clean Water Facilities Management Agency (BPSAB) together with YKWS and PT. Tirta Investama while from a budget perspective it is fully supported by CSR PT. Tirta Investama and policies in the form of sanctions limit access to public services for residents who are reluctant or refuse to build healthy latrines in their respective homes.
Sistem Monitoring Debit dan Tingkat Kekeruhan Air Pada Kolam KOI Berbasis Mikrokontroler
Authors: Budiman Wahyu , Aisuwarya Ratna
Published: July 2023

This system aims to make it easier for owners to monitor the condition of the koi pond, and minimize the death of koi fish, and can maintain water quality and maximize koi growth and development. Therefore, a system was created that can monitor the discharge and the level of turbidity of water in the koi pond. This system consists of Arduino Uno, NodeMCu, Waterflow Sensor, Turbidity Sensor and buzzer. This system can determine the condition of the pump, whether the pump is running maximally, the signal is not optimal or the pump off based on the water flow produced by the pump, which is then read by the waterflow sensor. When the water discharge > 40 L/hour then the pump turns on maximum, when 40 L/hour > discharge > 0, then the pump flame is not maximal, and when there is no water discharge produced by the pump then the pump is off, if the water turbidity value > 400 NTU, then the water is in a cloudy state and the buzzer as an alarm so that the owner checks the filter and the pool drain will sound, and later the data read by the sensor will be saved to the firebase and will be displayed on the mobile application, and tegram will send a notification in the form of a short message , when the pump is not running optimally, the pump is off, and when the water is cloudy.
Apresentação: Expansão das facções, mutação dos mercados ilegais
Authors: Rodrigues Fernando de Jesus , Feltran Gabriel , Zambon Gregório
Published: July 2023

Ao longo de nosso trabalho de campo, evidenciou-se que, em sua busca por crescimento, as facções optaram pela via da expansão das cadeias mercantis, e não do reforço a qualquer ideologia centralmente organizada. A expansão territorial ganhou a atenção pública apenas em 2016, a partir de dois eventos críticos: o que ficou conhecido como a “ruptura da aliança entre o PCC e o CV”, após o assassinato de Jorge Raffat em Pedro Juan Caballero, no Paraguai (Feltran, 2018; Manso; Dias, 2018), e os massacres prisionais perpetrados no Norte e Nordeste do Brasil, na sequência desse primeiro evento (Rodrigues et al. 2022). Foi apenas a partir desses episódios públicos que a amplitude das fronteiras internacionais e intranacionais de atuação das facções se tornaram conhecidas (Rodrigues, 2020; Paiva, 2019; Carvalho, 2021a). A expansão, no entanto, começou bem antes. Nossa rede de pesquisa vem acumulando conhecimento sobre o fenômeno desde o início dos anos 2010, por meio de singulares percursos de investigação e interlocução progressiva entre São Paulo e Alagoas que anos mais tarde gerariam o projeto “Conexões marginais: periferias, mercados ilegais e a expansão das facções criminais no Brasil”, financiado colaborativamente em edital Fapesp/Fapeal. Este dossiê é o primeiro resultado desse trabalho conjunto.
Aspectos epidemiológicos dos transtornos mentais relacionados ao trabalho no Brasil na década de 2011 a 2020
Authors: Teófilo Filho Rogério Auto , Chaves Diego Fábio Montoni , D'Almeida Filho Luciano Feitosa , Alves Marília de Araújo , Barros Marilurdes Monteiro , Fachin Laercio Pol
Published: July 2023

Introdução: Os transtornos mentais relacionados ao trabalho representam a 2ª principal causa de doenças relacionadas ao trabalho e associam-se desde a exposição a agentes tóxicos até a estrutura hierárquica organizacional do trabalho, gerando diversos problemas psicossociais. Objetivo: Estabelecer relações entre os aspectos epidemiológicos das notificações por transtornos mentais relacionados ao trabalho no Brasil, na década de 2011 a 2020. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico observacional do tipo ecológico, cujos dados foram levantados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN), disponíveis no Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), acessados por intermédio do TABNET. Resultados: Das 13.106 notificações de transtornos mentais relacionados ao trabalho na última década, o sexo feminino (63,07%) e a faixa etária de 30-49 anos (66,19%) prevaleceram. Além disso, predominaram os transtornos neuróticos, relacionados com o “stress” e somatoformes (50,48%), bem como 62,85% das notificações evoluem com incapacidade. Foram constatadas também correlações dos transtornos mentais com trabalhadores etilistas (6%) e tabagistas (4,73%). Conclusões: Portanto, diante do crescimento de afastamentos, absenteísmo, adversidades interpessoais e dependência de fármacos e outras substâncias consequentes dos transtornos mentais relacionados ao trabalho, faz-se necessário o reforço de intervenções assistenciais e preventivas direcionadas à saúde mental dos trabalhadores, visando a redução dos danos relacionados ao trabalho.
Priority tasks of ensuring information security in the context of modern challenges and threats
Authors: Duben Andrei  Kirillovich
Published: July 2023

The article discusses the issues of ensuring information, digital, and cybersecurity, which is an urgent, strategic task at both the national and international levels. It is established that in the current conditions of the global crisis and geopolitical changes, new approaches to the legal regulation of information security are needed. An urgent problem has been identified not only at the national, but also at the international level. In this regard, it requires the identification of new external and internal threats in the information sphere, as well as the study and forecasting of prospects for the development of international regulation of information security. The conducted research allowed us to conclude that in the conditions of digital transformation, it is necessary to work out and strengthen scientific and legal positions regarding the development of legal support for information security. In the course of the research, the author concluded that at the present stage of development of society and the state, among the most urgent threats to national information security due to the dynamism of the information sphere, it is possible to single out such threats as illegal impact on national information resources, information and telecommunication systems and information infrastructure, including critical information structures; the use of means and methods of spreading false (fake) information for the purpose of disinformation of an indefinite circle of people using illegal methods and means, including cognitive methods of influencing the human psyche in order to disorganize and suppress the will; unauthorized interference in the national information space.
From Transition to Transformation: Liminality, Mask, and Identity in R. J. Palacio «Wonder»
Authors: Aouati Somia , Boulberhane Mouna , Saad Haider Luaibi , Ahmad Mahmood Mahmood , Hezla Lokmane
Published: July 2023

The article investigates the separation of the protagonist August Pullman in the novel Wonder written by R. J.Palacio from his previous world that is his home, and the reintegration in his society. This study is made in the lence of literary criticism. It is devoted to trace functions of liminality and the psychological development in the fictional postmodern novel Wonder. As almost all the postmodern children’s novels, Wonder mainly revolves and sheds light on the protagonist’s change of identity. Using the psychoanalysis approach and the theory by Carl Jung of introversion and extroversion, the article analysis how August manages to figure out how to bridge the gap between the sorts of person he feels, and the kind of person the rest of the world sees him. It depicts his journey of looking for his real identity. The article aims at depicting the journey of the hero crossing the threshold seeking for social acceptance. Furthermore, it depicts the development of the hero’s identity from an introvert to an extrovert kid. The novelty lies in employing the concept of liminality interrelated with psychoanalytic theory in the study of the novel. The result shows that the novel is an instance of liminality and introversion/extroversion through the application of anthropological concept of the Rites de Passage and liminality in parallel with the use of the theoretical approach of C. G. Jung’s psychoanalysis of introversion and extroversion. Eventually, the protagonist’s personality is developed through out the story in parallel with his reintegration in his society.
Design and Testing of a Vertically Guided High-Precision Approach into Salzburg Airport
Authors: Unkelbach Richard , Dautermann Thomas , Gonzaga-Lopez Carlos , Uijt de Haag Maarten
Published: July 2023

The approach to landing on runway 33 of Salzburg Airport in Austria is severely impacted by mountainous terrain on the extended runway centerline. This renders all straight-in approaches, except those based on required navigation performance (RNP) with authorization required (AR), impossible. Only the high navigation accuracy available under RNP-AR minimizes the required obstacle protection areas sufficiently to not be penetrated by the terrain. The combination of RNP-AR and localizer performance with vertical guidance makes it further possible to use a more precise angular guidance for the final approach. In Salzburg, this enables a reduction of the decision height from 368 to 218 ft above aerodrome level because the critical terrain and obstacles now fall outside of the protection areas. A level D full flight simulator test with an Airbus A350 showed that advanced RNP 0.1 coding is sufficient to achieve RNP 0.1 performance under all permitted environmental conditions.
Enhancing the Power-Extraction Efficiency of a Flapping Foil by Active Morphing
Authors: Hoke Charles M. , Young John , Lai Joseph C. S.
Published: July 2023

A computational study of two morphing, power-extracting flapping foils (a NACA 0015 at [Formula: see text] and a flat plate at [Formula: see text]) is conducted by considering three strategies: morphing of the leading edge (LE) or trailing edge (TE) alone, and morphing of both LE and TE simultaneously. The morphing variables are the phase shift and frequency of the edge deformation. All cases take into account the power required to morph the foils. The independently morphing LE/TE edge cases show regions of phase angle and frequency that yield improved efficiency over the rigid baseline of up to 16.8% for the NACA 0015 foil and 22.6% in the flat-plate case. The combined LE and TE cases further increase the efficiency, up to 29.7% for the NACA 0015 foil and 36.2% in the flat-plate case. Three physical mechanisms are identified that lead to efficiency increases in the various cases through the interaction between the morphing foil and shed vortex structure. These are the change in projected area during the plunging stroke, the variation of leading-edge vortex shedding timing during the cycle, and the proximity of the shed vortex structure to the foil during the pitching portion of the stroke.
Androgen deprivation therapy in metastatic salivary duct carcinoma of submandibular gland – A case report
Authors: George Paul , Abraham Sisha Liz , Sivaram Aswathy P.
Published: July 2023

Salivary duct carcinomas (SDCs) are aggressive rare neoplasms. Whose diagnosis and treatment are a clinical challenge to both the treating doctor as well as the pathologist. Primary surgery with or without neck dissection followed by adjuvant radiation treatment is preferred for those with localized SDCs. Even with localized disease, the 5-year survival is <30%. For metastatic disease, the treatment options are limited. Two important biomarkers identified in SDCs are androgen receptors (ARs) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 receptors. Androgen deprivation therapy has evolved from the treatment of prostatic malignancies and various androgen-targeted agents are already in use for prostatic cancers. This case study represents the successful treatment of a metastatic SDC of the submandibular gland with AR-targeted agents. This patient has undergone treatment with multiple lines of Androgen targeted agents which is still ongoing. The main Androgen targeted agents used in this particular patient are Abiraterone and Enzalutamde. The patient has already achieved a disease-free survival of 30 months. Further studies have to be conducted to target ARs and more agents need to be tried.
The Mapping of Influencing Factors in the Decision-Making of End-of-Life Care Patients: A Systematic Scoping Review
Authors: da Silva Mauricio de Almeida Pereira , Corradi-Perini Carla
Published: July 2023

Decisions in end-of-life care are influenced by several factors, many of which are not identified by the decision maker. These influencing factors modify important decisions in this scenario, such as in decisions to adapt to therapeutic support. This presented scoping review aims to map the factors that influence end-of-life care decisions for adult and older adult patients, by a scoping review. The review was carried out in 19 databases, with the keyword ‘clinical decision-making’ AND ‘terminal care’ OR ‘end-of-life care’ and its analogues, including publications from 2017 to 2022. The study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Reviews. The search resulted in 3474 publications, where the presence of influencing factors in end-of-life decision-making for adults and the elderly was applied as a selection criterion. Fifty-four (54) of them were selected, which means 1.5% of all the results. Among the selected publications, 89 influencing factors were found, distributed in 54 (60.6%) factors related to the health team, 18 (20.2%) to patients, 10 (11.2%) related to family or surrogates and 7 (7.8%) factors related to the decision environment. In conclusion, we note that the decision-making in end-of-life care is complex, mainly because there is an interaction of different characters (health team, patient, family, or surrogates) with a plurality of influencing factors, associated with an environment of uncertainty and that result in a critical outcome, with a great repercussion for the end of life, making it imperative the recognition of these factors for more competent and safe decision-making.
CD30+ primary cutaneous tumoral adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma successfully treated with zidovudine and interferon
Authors: Khader Anza , Babu Hitha , Ajithkumar Kidangazhiathmana , Manakkad Shiny P.
Published: July 2023

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is an aggressive neoplasia of mature peripheral T lymphocytes associated with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1). The primary cutaneous tumoral (PCT) type of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma presents as nodules and tumors without internal organ involvement, but with a bad prognosis. Here, we report a middle aged woman, who manifested a nodular lesion on the right leg. Histopathology showed moderately dense, lymphoid infiltrate of atypical, medium sized cells in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. The cells were positive for CD3, CD4, CD30, and CD25, and negative for CD8, CD20, and anaplastic lymphoma kinase. The biopsy specimen showed a Ki-67 proliferation index of 90%. Serological testing for HTLV-1 was positive. The patient was diagnosed to have CD30+ PCT type ATL and was treated initially with localized radiation. The lesion regressed, however, there was a recurrence of the disease, which was treated with low dose interferon-alfa (IFN-α) and zidovudine, following which patient attained complete resolution and remained symptom free during the follow up period of 2 years. Our case highlights the usefulness of low dose IFN-α and zidovudine in the management of PCT type of CD30+ ATL.
Percutaneous laser microdiscectomy in the treatment of thoracic intervertebral disc protrusions
Authors: Zorin Mykola O. , Zorina Tamara V.
Published: July 2023

One of the causes of thoracalgia is a protrusion of the thoracic intervertebral discs (IVD). Treatment of these protrusions is often ineffective.
Objective: To improve the outcomes of treatment of thoracalgia caused by protrusions of the thoracic IVD, using the method of puncture laser microdiscectomy (PLM).
Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of treatment outcomes of 64 patients with thoracalgia at the "Endoscopic Neurosurgery" Medical Center in the period from 2000 to 2023 was carried out. The patients ranged in age from 24 to 67 years. There were 48 (75.5%) men, 16 (24.5%) women. Puncture laser microdiscectomy was performed in 42 patients under the control of a C-Arm operating fluoroscope (Philips, the Netherlands), 22 - under CT-assisted method (Toshiba, Japan).
Results. In 10 cases, PLM was performed on two IVDs. The rate of positive results of treatment of thoracic IVD by the PLM method is 89%. The rate of excellent results was 71.4% in the group of operations under operating fluoroscope control, in the operations group under CT assisted method - 72.7%. Complications were registered only in 3 patients operated on under the fluoroscope control.
Conclusions. Puncture laser microdiscectomy in case of thoracic IVD protrusions is an effective method for treatment of persistent thoracalgia. Performing PLM under CT assisted method does not increase the efficacy of the surgery, but it allows avoiding complications.
Kulai Ceramics from Settlements in the Novosibirsk Ob Region: Technological Distinctive Traits
Authors: Селин Д.В.
Published: July 2023

В статье представлены результаты технико-технологического анализа поселенческой керамики кулайской культуры в Новосибирском Приобье. Целью является реконструкция содержания ступеней гончарного производства у носителей новосибирского варианта кулайской КИО с поселенческих памятников Новосибирского Приобья. Технико-технологический анализ проводился по методике, предложенной А. А. Бобринским. Установлено, что гончары на разных поселениях отбирали сырье из разных глинищ, обладали близкими навыками конструирования полого тела и обжига, приемами обработки поверхностей. Это позволяет предположить общность традиций населения, оставившего эти памятники. Различия в традициях составления формовочный массы на разных поселениях могут быть связаны как с разным хронологическим возрастом памятников, так и с взаимодействием носителей новосибирского варианта кулайской культурно-исторической общности с другими культурными группами. Наибольшее сходство в технологии изготовления посуды прослеживается между могильником Каменный Мыс и поселением Дубровинский Борок-4. Это может свидетельствовать о том, что эти памятники близки друг другу хронологически и могли быть оставлены одной локальной группой.

The paper describes the technical and technological analysis of Kulai ceramics from settlements in the Novosibirsk Ob region. Its aim is to reconstruct the pottery production process developed by the Novosibirsk variant of the Kulai culture from the settlement sites in the Novosibirsk Ob region. The technical and technological analysis was performed based on the methodology proposed by A. A. Bobrinsky. The analysis found that at various settlements the potters selected raw material from various clay pits, they had similar skills of constructing a hollow body and firing, and surface treatment methods. All this suggests common traditions of the population that left behind these sits. Differences in preparing clay paste at various settlements can be linked to chronological differences of the sites as well as contacts between the Novosibirsk group of the Kulai culture and other cultural groups. The Kamenny Mys cemetery and the Dubrovinsky Borok-4 settlement demonstrate the closest similarity in clay vessel production technology. It may be an evidence of these cultures being close chronologically, it also suggests that they were probably left behind by the same local group.
Shapes of Clay Vessels from the Pazyryk Burials on the Lower Katun from the Standpoint of the Historical and Cultural Approach .
Authors: Холошин П.Р. , Му Ц.
Published: July 2023

Формы и размеры 58 сосудов из могильников пазырыкской культуры на Нижней Катуни (Тыткескень-VI, Верх-Еланда-II, Бике-Ш, Бике-I, Кайнду) были проанализированы с позиций историко-культурного подхода. В результате были выявлены две массовые категории посуды по общей пропорциональности форм («средние» и «средние/высокие») и определен массовый вид естественной структуры форм (Г+Ш+ПП+Т+ОТ2). Размеры сосудов преимущественно соответствуют «средним/малым», «средним» и «средним/большим» по объему. Сосуды «средних» пропорций отличаются наибольшим разнообразием как по конструкциям, так и по объемам, сосуды «средних/высоких» пропорций более монолитны по форме и размерам. Сопоставление полученных данных с классификациями пазырыкской керамики В. Д. Кубарева и Н. Ф. Степановой продемонстрировало увеличение количества типов среди форм переходных ступеней общей пропорциональности, что может отражать процессы культурного смешения носителей разных традиций и массового создания форм-подражаний.

The shapes and size of 58 vessels from the Pazyryk cemeteries on the Lower Katun (Tytkesken-VI, Verkh-Yelanda-II, Bike-III, Bike-I, and Kaindu) were analyzed based on the historical and cultural approach. This analysis identified two widespread categories of the vessels with regard to the general proportions of the shapes (medium and medium/tall) and determined a widespread type of the shape natural structure (LIP + NECK + PRE-SHOULDER + BODY + BODY BASE). In terms of the volume, the size of the vessels is mostly medium/small, medium and medium/large. The vessels of medium proportions are notable for the greatest diversity of their forms and volumes; the vessels of medium/tall proportions are more uniform, as to their shape and size. The comparison of the data obtained with the classifications of the Pazyryk ceramics proposed by V. D. Kubarev and N. F. Stepanova demonstrated a larger number of types among the transitional variants of overall proportions. This fact may reflect processes of mingling of individuals related with various cultural traditions and massive production of vessels of imitated shapes.
ЛОКАЛИЗАЦИЯ КОМПЛЕКСА ПАНДЖ ГОНБАДАН В МАРАГЕ (СЕВЕРО-ЗАПАДНЫЙ ИРАН) НА ОСНОВЕ АРХЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ И ИСТОРИЧЕСКИХ ИСТОЧНИКОВ
Authors: Sattarnejad S. , Bastani K.H. , Afkhami B. , Shiran H.S.
Published: July 2023

Studies aimed at identifying the exact location of historic buildings is of special interest for archaeologists. The historic buildings of Panj Gonbadan (Five Domes) are among the constructions of the Islamic period in the northwestern region of Iran mentioned in the historical sources of the Seljuk (5 and 6 AH) and Ilkhanid (7 and 8 AH) periods. Antiquities of the Seljuk period in northwestern Iran were neglected in archaeological studies for a long time, no research has been carried out, which show the necessity of their investigation. This research is aimed at exact localization of this architectural complex in northwestern Azerbaijan with special stress on the compatibility of archaeological data with historical sources. Based on historical sources and data obtained from the excavation season in the historical context of Maragheh, the locations of these buildings were identified. Accordingly, in the area between Gonbad-e Kabood and Modavvar Towers, there were identified materials from three other tombs studied and analyzed in this paper.

Особый интерес для археологов представляют исследования, направленные на определение точного местоположения исторических зданий. Среди построек исламского периода в северо-западной части Ирана, упоминаемых в исторических источниках сельджукского (5 и 6 вв. хиджры) и хулагуидского (7 и 8 вв. хиджры) периодов, фигурируют исторические сооружения Пандж Гонбадан («Пять куполов»). В течение длительного времени древностям сельжукского периода на северо-западе Ирана не уделялось должного внимания, поэтому их изучение весьма актуально. Цель настоящего исследования состоит в точном определении местоположения рассматриваемого архитектурного комплекса, а также проверке непротиворечивости археологических данных и данных исторических источников. В исторической части города Мараге в ходе археологических раскопок между башнями Гонбад-е Кабуд и Модаввар обнаружены три разрушенные гробницы сельджукского периода, оказавшиеся частью комплекса Пандж Гонбадан.
The role of indirect external dialogue in the epic of zambilfirosh by feqiye teyran
Authors: Rasheed Soleen , Othman Nawzat
Published: July 2023

Since ancient times, dialogue has had a great impact on human life, as it contributes to strengthening relationships, exchanging ideas, and revealing secrets between people. Its importance is evident in most literary genres, especially in artistic techniques, where its role appears in it. According to this hypothesis, the literary text is built on the indirect external dialogue, and it is one of the dominant and prevalent genres in the epic text. The study is based on the assumption that the external, indirect dialogue plays a major role in the embodiment of the characters and the sequence of events in the epic "Zimbelfrosh" by (Fakih Al-Tayran). The research attempted to find out: Was the indirect dialogue in Zimbilfrosh Faqi Airan the reason for expressing the intellectual and emotional attitude, as well as the natural, psychological, and social dimensions of the characters? And to what extent does the indirect dialogue contribute to the development of events and the disclosure of secrets? This study, titled "The Role of Indirect External Dialogue in the Epic of Zambilfirosh by Feqiye Teyran," is an effort to illustrate the role of indirect external dialogue in the epic of Zambilfirosh. In the beginning, this study briefly discusses the history, usefulness, and role of dialogue. It later, studies the indirect dialogue in Zambilfirosh of Feqiye Teyran. In this research, the descriptive analytical method has been applied.
مقترحات إسكان الآشوريين في بارانا البرازيلية وغيانا البريطانية 1933-1935
Authors: مخو لورنس , توفيق هوكَر
Published: July 2023

شغلت مسألة إسكان آشوريي هكاري جانباً مهماً لدي الحكومة العراقية والبريطانية وعصبة الأمم السياسي في العراق وبريطانيا وعصبة الأمم، وذلك بعد أحداث سميل عام 1933، ورأت بريطانيا أنه من الصعوبة أن يندمج هؤلاء سكان وادي جوليمرك "هكاري" في كردستان الشمالية الذي هربوا منها عام 1915 خوفاً من بطش الجيش العثماني الذي هاجم على مناطقهم بعد اتصال الآشوريين بالروس في بداية الحرب العالمية الأولى(1914-1918).
تعود أهمية هذه الدراسة الى تتبع القضية الآشورية التي برزت في الساحة السياسية في العراق، تلك المقترحات الدولية في عملية إيجاد موطن للآشوريين بعد ما لم تتمكن بريطانيا من الإيفاء بتعهداتهم لهم سواء بإعادتهم الى مناطق سكناهم في هكاري أو تأسيس دولة قومية لهم في كردستان. وعلى هذا الأساس حاول هذه الدراسة الإجابة على عدد من الأسئلة منها: ما هي المشكلة الآشورية؟ كيف نشأت وتطورت؟ لماذا لم تفي بريطانيا بوعودها السياسية للآشوريين؟ ثم هل كان هناك وعد لهم بتأسيس دولة قومية مثل باقي القوميات الأخرى؟ ما هي احداث سميل؟ ما هو مقترح إسكان الآشوريين في كل من دولة البرازيل وغيانا البريطانية؟ هل نفذت ذه المقترحات ام لا؟ ماذا كانت معوقات هذه المشاريع الاسكانية؟ وأسئلة أخرى كثيرة تحاول هذه الدراسة الإجابة عنها معتمداً على المصادر التاريخية الاصيلة.
A Review on Antioxidant Properties of Extracts Obtained from the Leaf, Stem, Bark and Flower of Calotropis Species
Authors: Ahmad Kaleem , Quamari MA , Ahmad Haqeeq , Abdul Hafiz Khadija
Published: July 2023

Traditional medicine can be a valuable source in primary health care due to its enriching acceptability and enhanced compatibility with the human body with minimal side effects. Karanjwa Caesalpinia bonducella Linn is an important medicinal plant used in the Unani system of medicine for a long time due to its multiple therapeutic properties. The present review aimed to explore the existing data of the drug about its conventional uses based on its phytochemical constituents and pharmacological actions. Karanjwa review was undertaken by exploring the bibliographic database viz. Science Direct Pub Med Scopus and Google Scholar. The search was carried out using the terms lsquoKaranjwarsquo lsquoCaesalpinia bonducella lsquoFever nutrsquo lsquoGajgarsquo. Moreover books published in Urdu and English were also used to gather information as representative literature. The plant is known for its use in the treatment of different systemic ailments due to the presence of steroidal saponins fatty acids hydrocarbons phytosterols isoflavones amino acids and phenolics alkaloids present bonducin a homoisoflavone. In the Unani system of medicine the pharmacological actions of Karanjwa include antipyretic anti-inflammatory antimicrobial tonic desiccatives antispasmodic immuno-modulators antioxidant anxiolytic antidepressant hypoglycaemic antiallergic and antihistaminic anti asthmatic hepatoprotective anticancer and nephroprotective activities. The present study explored the pharmacological phytochemical and therapeutic properties of Caesalpinia bonducella Linn. Many pharmacological activities mentioned in Unani medicine have been validated and several activities need further exploration owing to its immense therapeutic scope.
Critical Review of Sameera Pannaga Rasa: A Kupipakwa Rasayana Yoga
Authors: Kumar Shashi , Jadar Prashant , Metia Elina
Published: July 2023

One of the most advanced branches of Ayurveda is Rasashastra which deals with the transformation of harmful metals and minerals into herbomineral drugs non-toxic substances. They are prepared using a wide range of methods and one of them is Kupipakwa rasayana which is known for its best efficacy and rapid action even in low dose. The effectiveness of Ayurvedic medicine has been tested over time. For evaluated information of Sameera Pannaga Rasa SPR original research articles were searched from different journals. Clinically it has been proven safe and effective in treatment of various diseases like asthma rheumatic arthritis ankylosing spondylitis cervical spondylosis allergic rhinitis etc. One of the herbomineral formulation is Sameera Pannaga Rasa SPR which is most effective and hugely used in various ailments. There are different SPR with various constituents available in Ayurvedic text. Hence here is an effort to review its components and utilization in various diseases. lsquoSammerarsquo means lsquovatarsquo and lsquopannagarsquo means lsquoserpentrsquo also said as synonyms of lsquoVasukirsquo. It implies that the combination can control or kill lsquovatarsquo like a serpent. SPR consists of Parada gandhaka haratala manahshila and Gouripashana the arsenal drugs ldquotrimallardquo is used here which is very effective in kaphavrita vatavyadhi as it has ushna virya and sara guna. As a bhavna dravya tulasi swarasa is used which is Kapha vata hara and also proven effective in Kaphaja vyadhi. Nagaballi as an anupana has also been proven to be effective over vata and kapha vyadhi.
Association of Noncarious Cervical Lesions, Gingival Recession And Cervical Dentin Hypersensitivity: A Narrative Review
Authors: S Sruthy , P Puranik Manjunath , R Yashoda
Published: July 2023

Non-carious cervical lesions NCCL and gingival recession GR are two common hard and soft tissue lesions that occur in the cervical region of the teeth. They have a complex multifactorial etiology. The progression of these lesions exposes the cervical dentin resulting in cervical dentin hypersensitivity CDH. For the development of CDH the primary requisite is the exposure of the root surface to the oral environment followed by the loss of enamel and cementum exposing the dentinal tubules. The prevention and control of NCCL and GR essentially reduce CDH thereby promoting oral health. The specific roles of NCCL and GR in CDH and the reason why CDH are identified only in a few cases of NCCL and GR are not clear. Therefore this review aims to discuss NCCL GR and CDH from an etiological perspective the link between NCCL and GR and their roles in the development and prevention of CDH.
Gingival Micro Circulation: Nature of Vasculature
Authors: Jain Darsha , Chakraborty Kahon , S Shivanaikar Sachin
Published: July 2023

Microcirculation is defined as the flow of blood in the minutest blood vessels present in the tissues. These micro-vessels in the organs and tissues comprises the microvasculature. These micro-vessels are made up of four components that includes arterioles metarterioles capillaries and venules. Arterioles carry oxygenated blood to the capillaries. Blood in the capillaries in turn flows out into veins via venules. Microcirculation differs from macro-circulation which involves circulation of blood to and from the organs. The maximum vascular supply of the periodontal tissues is from the microcirculation. Every blood vessel that supplies the periodontal tissues including the gingiva in both maxilla and mandible emerges out from the maxillary artery. These blood vessels branch into the alveolar bone marrow and gets distributed within the periodontium ultimately as micro-vessels microcirculation. Changes in the periodontal vasculature is evident as the periodontal condition shifts from health to disease. This review paper highlights the structure of microcirculation its functions vascular distribution of gingiva differences in the maxillary and mandibular blood flow rates aging and microcirculatory dynamics in human gingiva effects of smoking and changes in gingival microcirculation from health through gingivitis to periodontitis.
Prevalence of Separated Instruments in Routine Endodontic Practice and its Overall Impact on the Procedure: A Questionnaire Study
Authors: V Anand Akshay , A Srirekha , P N Jishnu , C Champa , Shetty Ashwija , Adsare Sainath
Published: July 2023

Background Fracture of endodontic instruments during routine root canal treatment and retreatment procedures has high prevalence. This unfortunate mishap requires certain expertise to diagnose and manage without any further complications.Objectives The objective of the present questionnaire study was to assess the knowledge of the clinician to diagnose an instrument separation during routine endodontic procedure and the steps carried out to manage this unfortunate mishap.Methods An online questionnaire comprising of 26 questions was circulated on social media groups to be filled by undergraduate postgraduate students practicing dental surgeons and specialists. All the responses were recorded and descriptive analysis of all the variables was done using frequency and proportion for categorical variables and Chi square test was used to compare the proportions. The level of significance was set at p lt0.05.Results The results showed that 75.8 of the participants could diagnose instrument separation. About 73.6 noticed instrument separation in the apical third of the root canals and 48.1 of the separated instruments were found in the mesial root of mandibular molars. Around 59.3 of the respondents opined that the separation was because of over usage of the instruments. 61.3 of them could bypass and complete obturation. Multiple visits were preferred for the management of separated instrument by 68.9 of the respondents.Conclusion Within the limitations of the study we conclude that most clinicians could diagnose the instrument separation and manage it by either removing or bypassing the instrument.
Angular Dimensions of Retromolar Pad: An Observational Study
Authors: Verma Neha , Singla Shefali , Sehgal Komal , . Punit , Kumar Lalit , P Kumar Roshan
Published: July 2023

Background Retromolar pad RMP is at an incline and is relatively resistant to resorption as compared to mandibular residual alveolar ridge due to the attachments of muscles and dense cortical bone underlying it. The existing stock trays are usually flat and cause undue pressure in RMP region often requiring arbitrary modification of stock tray. This study was conducted to record the RMP incline and formulate a stock tray that will help in recording an accurate impression to achieve excellent seal stability and support in the denture base.Methods RMP inclines and the residual ridge crests were marked on 280 master casts using markers and the angle between them were recorded using a protractor kept at the level of eye. Results The angle of RMP with the crest of ridge recorded on right and the left sides ranged between 105deg- 175deg and 125deg-180deg respectively. A p value of 0.024 was obtained with paired sample t-test. The mean angle of left and right sides combined was 152.12 plusmn 13.10deg. After removal of outliers the lower limit was 135deg which can be incorporated in an impression tray to accommodate the critical incline of RMP.Conclusion The present study recorded an angle of 135deg between RMP and residual ridge which can be considered as the standard angle for stock trays. Incorporating an angle of 135deg would be adequate to accommodate higher angles up to 175deg. This enables creating a strong foundation for a good complete denture prosthesis in patients with extremely resorbed mandibular completely edentulous ridges.