bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Connectivity–Based Parcellation of The Angular Gyrus: Fiber Dissection And MR Tractography Study
Authors: Yakar Fatih , Çeltikçi Pınar , Doğruel Yücel , Egemen Emrah , Güngör Abuzer
Published: January 2022

The angular gyrus (AG) wraps the posterior end of the superior temporal sulcus (STS), so it is considered as a continuation of the superior/middle temporal gyrus and forms the inferior parietal lobule (IPL) with the supramarginal gyrus (SMG). The AG was functionally divided in the literature, but there is no fiber dissection study in this context. This study divided AG into superior (sAG) and inferior (iAG) parts by focusing on STS. Red blue silicone injected eight human cadaveric cerebrums were dissected via the Klingler method focusing on the AG. White matter (WM) tracts identified during dissection were then reconstructed on the Human Connectome Project 1065 individual template for validation. According to this study, superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) II and middle longitudinal fasciculus (MdLF) are associated with sAG; the anterior commissure (AC), optic radiation (OR) with iAG; the arcuate fasciculus (AF), inferior frontooccipital fasciculus (IFOF), and tapetum (Tp) with both parts. In cortical parcellation of AG based on STS, sAG and iAG were found to be associated with different fiber tracts. Although it has been shown in previous studies that there are functionally different subunits with AG parcellation, here, for the first time, different functions of the subunits have been revealed with cadaveric dissection and tractography images.
Visceral Obesity Determined by CT As a Predictor of Short-term Postoperative Complications in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Nie Xianglin , Zhang Lin , Meng Huangyang , Zhong Yi , Jiang Yi , Chen Ting , Cheng Wenjun
Published: January 2022

Objective: To explore the association between visceral obesity and short-term postoperative complications in patients with advanced ovarian cancer undergoing cytoreductive surgery.Methods: Medical records were reviewed for patients with ovarian cancer. Visceral fat area, subcutaneous fat area and total fat area were measured on a single slice at the level of L3/4 of a preoperative CT scan. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to investigate the correlation between visceral obesity and short-term complications and to analyze the risk factors for complications after surgery.Results: Of the 130 patients, 53.8% (70/130) were presented visceral obesity. Patients with visceral obesity were older than those with nonvisceral obesity (58.3 years old vs. 52.3 years old, p = 0.001). The proportion of patients with hypertension was slightly higher (37.1% vs. 11.7%, p = 0.001). The total fat area and subcutaneous fat area were higher in patients with visceral obesity (296.9 ± 72.1 vs. 173.1 ± 67.3, p < 0.001; 168.8 ± 55.5 vs. 121.6 ± 54.3, p < 0.001). Compared with patients in the nonvisceral obese group, patients in the visceral obese group were more likely to have postoperative fever (21/70 30.0% vs. 8/60 1.25%, p = 0.023), leading to a longer length of hospital stay (21 days vs. 17 days, p = 0.009). Time from surgery to adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with visceral obesity has been delayed (24 days vs. 20 days, p = 0.037). Multivariate analysis showed that visceral obesity (OR 4.770, p < 0.001) and operation time (OR 1.008, p < 0.001) were independent predictors of postoperative complications. Conclusion: Visceral obesity is an important risk factor for short-term postoperative complications in patients with advanced ovarian cancer undergoing cytoreductive surgery.
A Hybrid Technique for Active SLAM Based on RPPO Model with Transfer Learning
Authors: Wen Shuhuan , Ji Zhixin , Rad Ahmad B. , Guo Zhengzheng
Published: January 2022

The problem of exploration in unknown environments is still a great challenge for autonomous mobile robots due to the lack of a priori knowledge. Active Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) is an effective method to realize obstacle avoidance and autonomous navigation. Traditional Active SLAM is usually complex to model and difficult to adapt automatically to new operating areas. This paper presents a novel Active SLAM algorithm based on Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL). The Relational Proximal Policy Optimization (RPPO) model with deep separable convolution and data batch processing is used to predict the action strategy and generate the action plan through the acquired environment RGB images, so as to realize the autonomous collision free exploration of the environment. Meanwhile, Gmapping is applied to locate and map the environment. Then, based on Transfer Learning, Active SLAM algorithm is applied to complex unknown environments with various dynamic and static obstacles. Finally, we present several experiments to demonstrate the advantages and feasibility of the proposed Active SLAM algorithm.
Identification of stressors and validation of a questionnaire survey to quantify the stress among Veterinary Students of India
Authors: Grakh Kushal , Jadhav Vijay Jayawant , Panwar Diksha , Khurana Rajesh , Bangar Yogesh Chanderkant , Pandita Sakshi , Yadav Dheeraj
Published: January 2022

Background
As an intensive professional training program veterinary education presents high academic and non-academic stressors to students. Identifying the stressors responsible and measuring the stress among veterinary students can prove useful to design any coping strategies to safeguard the mental health of students.
Methods
With the aim to identify the stressors responsible, measure the level of stress, relation of stress with variables such as gender and family income 44 item based cross sectional questionnaire survey was designed and distributed among veterinary students of India.
Results
The questionnaire yielded high internal consistency. More than 95% students were found to be under stress. Maximum students reported high stress due to academic related stressors. Female students reported high overall stress, academic stress, and intrapersonal and interpersonal related stress than male students. Students with lower family incomes experienced more overall stress as well as family responsibilities related stress.
Conclusions
Gender, family income, academic stressors, intrapersonal, interpersonal and conflict related stressors, and social activities related stressors positively predicted the overall stress among the students and thus these factors can be given special emphasis while designing any stress combating or reducing measures for veterinary students of India.
Imidazolium-type anion exchange membranes for improved organic acid transport and permselectivity in electrodialysis
Authors: Jordan Matthew , Kulkarni Tanmay , Senadheera Dodangodage , Kumar Revati , Lin Yupo , Arges Christopher
Published: January 2022

Most commercial anion exchange membranes (AEMs) deploy quaternary ammonium moieties. Alternative cation moieties have been explored in AEMs for fuel cells, but there are no studies focused examining alternative tethered cations in AEMs for ionic separations – such as organic acid anion transport via electrodialysis. H-cell and conductivity experiments demonstrate that tethered benzyl 1-methyl imidazolium groups in polysulfone AEMs enhance lactate conductivity by 49% and improved lactate anion flux by 24x when compared to a quaternary benzyl ammonium polysulfone AEM. An electrodialysis demonstration with the imidazolium-type AEM showed a 2x improvement in lactate anion flux and 20% improvement in permselectivity when benchmarked against the quaternary ammonium AEM. Molecular dynamics and 2D NOESY NMR revealed closer binding of lactate anions to the imidazolium cations when compared to the quaternary ammonium cation. It is posited that this closer binding is responsible to greater flux values observed with imidazolium-type AEM.
An Evaluation of Epidemic Intelligence Service Alumni in Public Health Leadership Roles
Authors: So Marvin , Winquist Andrea , Fisher Shelby , Eaton Danice , Carroll Dianna , Simone Patricia , Pevzner Eric , Arvelo Wences
Published: January 2022

Background

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has administered the Epidemic Intelligence Service (EIS) fellowship for over 50 years, with the goal of developing scientists and leaders in applied epidemiology. Our objective was to understand the extent to which CDC EIS alumni are present in select public health leadership roles.
Methods

We conducted an evaluation describing EIS alumni representation in five preselected leadership positions (CDC director [1953–2016]; CDC center director, state epidemiologist, Field Epidemiology Training Program [FETP] resident advisor, and Career Epidemiology Field Officer [CEFO] [2000–2016]). We developed a dataset using multiple sources to identify staff in selected positions. We then matched these data with an internal EIS alumni dataset.
Results

Selected positions were staffed by 353 persons, of which 185 (52%) were EIS alumni; 10 persons served in >1 leadership position, of which 6 were EIS alumni. Among 12 CDC directors, four (33%) were EIS alumni; collectively these alumni led CDC for approximately 25 years. EIS alumni accounted for 29 (58%) of 50 CDC center directors, 61 (35%) of 175 state epidemiologists, 27 (56%) of 48 Field Epidemiology Training Program resident advisors, and 70 (90%) of 78 Career Epidemiology Field Officers. Of 185 EIS alumni in leadership positions, 136 (74%) were physicians, 22 (12%) were scientists, 21 (11%) were veterinarians, 6 (3%) were nurses; 94 (51%) were assigned to a state or local health department. Among 61 EIS alumni who served as state epidemiologists, 40 (66%) were assigned to a state or local health department during EIS.
Conclusions

EIS alumni accounted for between approximately one-third (CDC directors and state epidemiologists) and 90% (CEFOs) of people serving in essential leadership positions at multiple levels.
Validation of Acromegaly Quality of Life Questionnaire (AcroQol) for the Iranian Population
Authors: Danaei Mina , Bahadorizadeh Leyla , Dehnad Afsaneh , Mohamadzadeh Shirin , Hashemi-Madani Nahid , Khamseh Mohammad E
Published: January 2022

Background
Acromegaly is a chronic disease seriously impacting the patients' quality of life. This study aimed to validate the Acromegaly Quality of Life Questionnaire (AcroQoL) for the Persian-speaking population.
Methods
This cross-sectional study recruited 73 Iranian patients with a confirmed diagnosis of acromegaly. The content validity of the scales was evaluated by an expert panel of eight endocrinologists. Construct validity was assessed by using confirmatory factor analysis. Internal consistency was assessed on the basis of Cronbach’s alpha, and a goodness-of-fit (GoF) index was calculated to display whether the model fitted the data.
Results
The content validity index (CVI) and content validity ratio (CVR) yielded values of 0.85 and 0.80, respectively. The average variance extracted (AVE) from physical and psychological dimensions was 0.520 and 0.462, respectively, exceeding the minimum criterion of 0.40. Cronbach’s alpha for physical and psychological dimensions equaled 0.868 and 0.866, respectively, indicating the adequate internal consistency of multiple items for each construct. The subscales’ R square and path coefficient were greater than the recommended threshold (physical dimension: 0.778, psychological dimension: 0.873), demonstrating the suitability of this criterion. Finally, the GoF value of 0.29 indicated the model's moderate fit.
Conclusions
The findings revealed that the Persian version of AcroQoL is of adequate validity and reliability for evaluating the quality of life of Iranian people with acromegaly.
ABO Blood Group and RhD status Are Not Associated with Mortality and Morbidity in Critically Ill Patients; a Multicentre Observational Study of 29 512 Patients
Authors: Kander Thomas , Bjurström Martin F. , Frigyesi Attila , Jöud Magnus , Nilsson Caroline U.
Published: January 2022

Background. Previous studies have demonstrated an association between ABO blood groups and many types of disease. The present study primarily aimed to identify associations between ABO blood groups, RhD groups and mortality/morbidity outcomes in critically ill patients both in a main cohort and in six pre-defined subgroups. The secondary aim was to investigate any differences in transfusion requirement between the different ABO blood groups and RhD status.Methods. Adult patients admitted to any of the five intensive care units (ICUs) in Skåne, Sweden, between February 2007 and April 2021 were eligible for inclusion. The outcomes were mortality analysed at 28– and 90–days as well as at the end of observation and morbidity measured using days alive and free of (DAF) invasive ventilation (DAF ventilation) and DAF circulatory support, including vasopressors or inotropes (DAF circulation), maximum Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (SOFAmax) the first 28 days after admission and length of stay. All outcomes were analysed in separate multivariable regression models (adjusted for age and sex), generating odds or hazard ratios for each blood group and RhD status using blood group O and RhD negative as reference. Transfusion requirements were also investigated.Results. In total, 29 512 unique patients were included in the analyses. There were no significant differences for any of the outcomes between non-O blood groups and blood group O, or between RhD groups. In five pre-defined subgroups (sepsis, septic shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome, cardiac arrest and trauma) there were no differences in mortality between non-O blood groups and blood group O or between the RhD groups. The Covid-19 cohort was not investigated given the low number of patients. Furthermore, we could not demonstrate any differences in the number of transfused patients between the ABO blood groups or between the RhD groups.Conclusions. ABO blood type and RhD status do not appear to influence mortality or morbidity in a general critically ill patient population. There were no differences in the number of transfused patients between the ABO blood groups or between the RhD status groups.
The effect of milling time on the alumina phase transformation in the AMCs powder metallurgy reinforced by silica-sand-tailings
Authors: Sukanto  , Suprapto Wahyono , Soenoko Rudy , Irawan Yudy Surya
Published: January 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of milling time and sintering temperature parameters on the alumina transformation phase in the manufacture of Aluminium Matrix Composites (AMCs) reinforced by 20 % silica sand tailings using powder metallurgy technology. The matrix and fillers use waste to make the composites more efficient, clean the environment, and increase waste utilization. The milling time applied to the Mechanical Alloying (MA) process was 0.5, 6, 24, 48, and 96 hours, with a ball parameter ratio of 15:1 and a rotation of 93 rpm. Furthermore, hot compaction was carried out using a 100 MPa two-way hydraulic compression machine at a temperature of 300 °C for 20 minutes. The temperature variables of the sintering parameter process were 550, 600 to 650 °C, with a holding time of 10 minutes. Characterization of materials carried out included testing particle size, porosity, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), SEM-Image, and SEM-EDX. The particle measurement of mechanical alloying processed, using Particle Size Analyzer (PSA) instrument and based on XRD data using the Scherrer equation, showed a relatively similar trend, decreasing particle size occurs when milling time was increased 0.5 to 24 hours. However, when the milling time increases to 48 and 96 hours, the particle size tends to increase slightly, due to cold-weld and agglomeration when the Mechanical Alloying is processed. The impact is the occurrence of the matrix and filler particle pairs in the cold-weld state. So, the results of XRD and SEM-EDX characterization showed a second phase transformation to form alumina compounds at a relatively low sintering temperature of 600 °C after the mechanical alloying process was carried out with a milling time on least 24 hours
Methods for determining color characteristics of vegetable raw materials. A review
Authors: Fedyanina N. I. , Karastoyanova O. V. , Korovkina N. V.
Published: January 2022

Food product quality defines a complex of food product properties such size, shape, texture, color and others, and determines acceptability of these products for consumers. It is possible to detect defects in plant raw materials by color and classify them by color characteristics, texture, shape, a degree of maturity and so on. Currently, the work on modernization of color control systems has been carried out for rapid and objective measuring information about color of plant raw materials during their harvesting, processing and storage. The aim of the work is to analyze existing methods for determining color characteristics of plant raw materials described in foreign and domestic studies. Also, this paper presents the results of the experimental studies that describe the practical use of methods for measuring food product color. At present, the following methods for determining color characteristics by the sensor analysis principle are used: sensory, spectrophotometric and photometric. These methods have several disadvantages. Therefore, computer vision has found wide application as an automated method for food control. It is distinguished by high confidence and reliability in the process of determining freshness, safety, a degree of maturity and other parameters of plant raw materials that are heterogeneous in terms of the abovementioned indicators. The computer vision method is realized in the following systems: conventional, hyperspectral and multispectral. Each subsequent system is a component of the preceding one. Materials presented in the paper allow making a conclusion about the effectiveness of the computer vision systems with the aim of automatic sorting and determining quality of plant raw materials in the food industry.
Volatilidade dos Fluxos de Caixa e a Estrutura de Capital das Empresas Abertas Brasileiras
Authors: Martins Rayana , Vasconcelos Lucas
Published: January 2022

O objetivo deste estudo é verificar se a estrutura de capital é afetada pela volatilidade dos fluxos de caixa das empresas abertas brasileiras. A amostra é composta por uma média de 156 empresas não financeiras listadas na B3 por ano no período de 2004 a 2017. Foram adotadas métricas alternativas com base em números contábeis e métodos de regressão por efeitos fixos e por regressão quantílica. O estudo possui dois pontos de originalidade. Primeiro, são adotadas proxies alternativas para o teste da influência da volatilidade dos fluxos de caixa na estrutura de capital das empresas abertas brasileiras. Segundo, segmenta este impacto no uso de dívida de curto e longo prazo. Ambos os pontos são pouco explorados no Brasil. Os resultados indicam que a volatilidade afeta negativamente o endividamento das companhias não financeiras de capital aberto no Brasil e que elevações na volatilidade reduzem o uso do endividamento de longo prazo, mas não afetam o uso de passivos não onerosos. Os resultados são robustos ao controlar pelos demais determinantes da estrutura de capital documentados na literatura e pelo o uso de proxies alternativas para os fluxos de caixa e reforçam a relação negativa entre volatilidade e endividamento, conforme previsto pela teoria da Trade-off. Esses resultados são similares aos reportados no contexto internacional.
The use and control of antimicrobial substances in animal feed – EU regulations and the risks related to their presence
Authors: PATYRA EWELINA , KWIATEK KRZYSZTOF
Published: January 2022

Animal feeds are routinely subject to contamination from diverse sources, including environmental pollution, activities of microbes, and veterinary drug residues. Contamination of feed with chemical substances such as coccidiostats or antibiotics can occur at the stage of production, transport and storage, and their presence may have a negative impact on the health of animals consuming feed contaminated with certain chemicals. This study presents the legal requirements for the production of feed, the presence of antimicrobial substances in feed, and the problem of contamination of feed with antibacterial substances as well as the possible transfer of these compounds to the animal tissues and the natural environment.
Lactobacillus casei-fermented milk as an inhibitor on selected foodborne pathogens
Authors: ACAR BAHAR ONARAN , KANCA NAZLI , DELİALİOĞLU RABİA ALBAYRAK
Published: January 2022

The aim of this study was to reduce the growth of vanB resistant Enterococcus faecium, vanA resistant Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300 and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus- MRSA ATCC 25923, which are foodborne pathogens that cause the death of a significant number of people every year, by the presence of Lactobacillus casei. For this purpose, the development of pathogens (104 and 106 log cfu/ml) in milk fermented with L. casei (106 log cfu/ml) was followed under in vitro conditions for 72 hours. Moreover, the generation times of each pathogen and the lactic acid content of fermented milk were determined. It was determined that the development of all pathogens could be suppressed by the presence of L. casei considering the change in generation times and the number of pathogens during the 72 hour fermentation period. This effect was greater in samples containing 104 log cfu/ml pathogen compared to samples containing 106 log cfu/ml.
CONTRIBUCIÓN DE LOS ECOSISTEMAS ALTOANDINOS EN LA PROVISIÓN DEL SERVICIO ECOSISTÉMICO DE REGULACIÓN HÍDRICA
Authors: Cervantes Ronal , Sánchez José Miguel , Alegre Julio , Rendón Eric , Baiker Jan R. , Locatelli Bruno , Bonnesoeur Vivien
Published: January 2022

El servicio ecosistémico de regulación hídrica es uno de los más importantes que ofrecen los ecosistemas altoandinos. Sin embargo, el conocimiento sobre su aporte en términos hídricos es aún escaso y su estimación difícil, debido a los complejos procesos eco-hidrológicos, climáticos y características ambientales de los Andes. Por ello, se estimó la influencia de tres tipos de ecosistemas (pajonal de puna húmeda, bofedal y bosque de Polylepis) sobre flujos de agua, particularmente los flujos que se dirigen hacia el almacenamiento subterráneo, que equivalen al servicio ecosistémico de regulación hídrica. Dicho estudio se desarrolló durante el año hidrológico 2018 - 2019 en la unidad hidrográfica de Rontoccocha, entre los 3 900 a 4 635 msnm, en el Departamento de Apurímac, Perú. Para ello se modeló el balance hídrico por cada tipo de ecosistema con la herramienta eco-hidrológica Hydrobal. Se usaron variables de: a) vegetación, b) parámetros climáticos y c) características del suelo. Los resultados revelan el aporte de la cobertura vegetal en la regulación hídrica. En cada ecosistema, cerca del 15% de toda la lluvia que precipita en la cuenca logra llegar al almacenamiento subterráneo. Dichos datos extrapolados a toda la unidad hidrográfica, muestran que el pajonal de puna húmeda regula el 80%, el bofedal el 17% y el bosque de Polylepis el 3%. A pesar de que la evaluación se realizó por separado para cada ecosistema, para fines de gestión, es necesario abordarlo de manera integral dado que entre ellos se establecen relaciones de interdependencia.
Modelos de minería de datos aplicados al rendimiento académico universitario: Educación virtual durante pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Gamboa Unsihuay Jesús Eduardo , Zuñiga Blanco Arturo
Published: January 2022

En el 2020 se suscitó la pandemia por COVID-19, la cual trajo consigo un cambio en las rutinas de las personas hacia la virtualidad. La educación no ha sido ajena a estos cambios, los cuales han venido acompañados de un deterioro en la salud mental, manifestándose a través de la depresión, ansiedad, estrés, entre otros. Esta investigación buscó caracterizar a los estudiantes de cursos básicos de estadística en su primer ciclo de clases virtuales, así como establecer qué variables influyeron en su rendimiento académico. Se encontraron 3 conglomerados de estudiantes, diferenciados principalmente por la edad, historial académico y puntajes de depresión, ansiedad y estrés. Por otro lado, los atributos que mayor ganancia de información presentan al predecir el rendimiento académico fueron el promedio ponderado semestral del ciclo anterior, la asignatura en la que se matriculó, la cantidad de créditos matriculados, la edad, el estrés y la ansiedad.
Current Status and Future of Nitrile Catalysis using Key Nitrilases Enzymes and their Biotechnological Impact
Authors: Bhatt Ashish , Prajapati Darshankumar , Gupte Akshaya
Published: January 2022

Nitriles are organic compounds consisting of −C≡N group. They are frequently known to occur in nature and as intermediate by-products and waste products of various chemical, pharmaceutical, and agricultural industries. They are also found in fruit pits, cabbage, cauliflower, and sprouts, which are released upon hydrolysis. Nitrile converting enzymes like nitrilases have been extracted from microorganisms and plants. Nitrilase-mediated biocatalysis reactions have continuously aroused widespread interest to scientists and entrepreneurs in organic synthesis. Nitrile converting biocatalysts (Nitrilases) are now of substantial industrial interest from the perspective of treating toxic nitrile and cyanide-containing compounds. Nitrile degrading enzymes generally consist of nitrilases and amidases. The aim of the current review is to summarize the recent advancements on regioselective nitrilases concerning their fundamental researches and their application in the synthesis of series of high-value fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals. The present review also focuses on the utility of nitrile converting enzyme, sources, properties, classification, structure, and applications as well.
Synthesis of Medicinally Important Indole Derivatives: A Review
Authors: Sarkar Deeptanu , Amin Andleeb , Qadir Tanzeela , Sharma Praveen K.
Published: January 2022

Indoles constitute a widely occurring functional group in nature and are present in an extensive number of bioactive natural products and medicinally important compounds. As a result, exponential increases in the development of novel methods for the formation of indole core along with site-specific indoles have been established. Conventional methods for the synthesis of indoles are getting replaced with green methods involving ionic liquids, water as a solvent, solid acid catalyst, microwave irradiation and the use of nanoparticles under solvent-free conditions. In addition, there are immense applications of the substituted indoles in diverse fields.
The Role of Periodontopathogens and Oral Microbiome in the Progression of Oral Cancer. A Review
Authors: Beltran Julián F. , Viafara-Garcia SM , Labrador Alberto P. , Basterrechea Johan
Published: January 2022

Chronic periodontal disease and oral bacteria dysbiosis can lead to the accumulation of genetic mutations that eventually stimulate Oral Squamous Cell Cancer (OSCC). The annual incidence of OSCC is increasing significantly, and almost half of the cases are diagnosed in an advanced stage. Worldwide there are more than 380,000 new cases diagnosed every year, and a topic of extensive research in the last few years is the alteration of oral bacteria, their compositional changes and microbiome. This review aims to establish the relationship between bacterial dysbiosis and OSCC. Several bacteria implicated in periodontal disease, includingFusobacterium nucleatum,Porphyromonas gingivalis,Prevotella intermedia, and someStreptococcusspecies, promote angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and alteration in the host defense process; these same bacteria have been present in different stages of OSCC. Our review showed that genes involved in bacterial chemotaxis, the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of the cell wall membrane of gram negatives bacteria, were significantly increased in patients with OSCC. Additionally, some bacterial diversity, particularly withFirmicutes, andActinobacteriaspecies, has been identified in pre-cancerous stage samples. This review suggests the importance of an early diagnosis and more comprehensive periodontal therapy for patients by the dental care professional.
The Effect of Curing Pressure on Shear Bond Strength of Zirconia to Resin Cement
Authors: Petkosit Pailin , Sanohkan Sasiwimol
Published: January 2022

Background:

Nowadays, the esthetics demand is continuously increasing; therefore, metal-free materials are widely used, like a zirconia-based ceramic, which is conveniently fabricated via computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) system for restorations from single to full mouth rehabilitation.

Objective:

This study evaluated the effect of pre-curing pressure on the shear bond strength of zirconia to the resin cement.

Methods:

A total of sixty-three sandblasted cylindrical zirconia mounted in autopolymerizing resin were randomly assigned to three groups; Group 1: no treatment (control), Group 2: negative pressure, and Group 3: positive pressure to resin cement after resin cement application and resin composite columns bonded to zirconia. Thirty-three of the samples were stored in distilled water at 37 °C for 24 hr before the shear bond strength test for thirty samples and three samples were cross-sectionally cut for interfacial observation with FESEM. Another thirty samples were thermocycled for 5,000 cycles in distilled water at 5°C to 55 °C before testing. The shear bond strength and failure mode were evaluated. Examination of the bonding interface was also done.

Results:

The results were analyzed using two-way ANOVA. The means of shear bond strength of non-thermocycle of the control group were 8.01 ±1.74 MPa, 9.10 ±1.90 MPa, and 9.14 ±2.58 MPa, whereas that of thermocycle group were 5.71 ±0.84 MPa, 5.53 ±0.68 MPa, and 5.68 ±0.77 MPa in zero pressure group, negative pressure group, and positive pressure group, respectively. It showed no statistically significant differences in shear bond strength in all pressure groups (p > 0.05). The pre-curing pressure did not influence the shear bond strength of the zirconia and resin cement.

Conclusion:

There was no difference in the shear bond strength between the pressure groups and the no treatment control group. The positive and negative pressure did not influence the shear bond strength of the zirconia and resin cement.
Acute Effects of Foot Reflexology Massage on Arterial Pulse Wave Characteristics after Aerobic-based and Anaerobic-based Intermittent Exercises: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Chen Yung-Sheng , Pagaduan Jeffrey C , Lu Wan-An , Kuo Cheng-Deng
Published: January 2022

Aims:

This study used pretest-posttest randomized group comparison to investigate the acute effects of foot reflexology massage (FRM) intervention on the pulse harmonic and parasympathetic modulation after repeated sprint ability test (RSA) and Yo Yo intermittent recovery test level 1 (YOYO).

Background:

The arterial pulse wave characteristics (APW) is a physiological indicator of peripheral arterial compliance. Reflexology massage is a non-invasive intervention to improve arterial compliance. However, the acute effect of FRM on APW after intense exercise has not been examined.

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effect of FRM after short-term bouts of anaerobic-based and aerobic-based intermittent exercises.

Methods:

Twenty-six collegiate male football/futsal players voluntarily participated in this study. All participants were randomly assigned to FRM group (n= 14) or control group (n= 12). The participants performed RSA and YOYO exercise protocols at least 3 days apart within a week. The electrocardiography (ECG), and APW of right hand (RH), left hand (LH), and left foot (LF) were recorded for 10 min in supine position before and after interventional/control period. A standard of 30 min FRM was given immediately after exercises, whereas those of control group were requested to rest comfortably on a massage table for 30 min. Non-parametric statistical analyses (The Mann-Whitney rank and Wilcoxon signed rank test) were used to compare the measured variables.

Results:

The results showed different characteristics of sympathetic nervous system index after RSA and YOYO protocols in the FRM and control groups [FRM: RSA (p= 0.01); Control: YOYO (p< 0.01)]. The results also identified similar exercise-induced modulation of 1stand 2ndpulse harmonics in LF location with or without FRM treatment.

Conclusion:

The FRM intervention demonstrated minor impact on the recovery of APW and parasympathetic modulation after RSA and YOYO exercises.

Clinical Trail Registration Number: NCT03821805
Uma abordagem reducionista ao problema da identidade dos indiscerníveis
Authors: Silva João Faria e
Published: January 2022

I aim to defend the thesis that the truth of any proposition about the number of particulars that exist in the world is supervenient upon the truth of all propositions exclusively about universals (i.e., properties and relations). If this thesis is correct, all facts about the individuation of particulars are reducible to facts exclusively about universals, and there is no primitive individuation of particulars. I present two arguments against the possibility of this kind of primitive individuation. The first is that the possibility of primitively individuated particulars raises radical skeptical doubts about the number of particulars with which we are acquainted. The second is that primitively individuated particulars are theoretically redundant since the qualitative character of any possible world can be exhaustively described if we talk only about universals. The classical bundle theory is the most common variety of reductionism about the number of particulars, but I also want to defend that it is not the only possible variety. More specifically, I present an alternative according to which particulars are individuated by spatial relations. This alternative, in contrast to bundle theory, does not commit us to the controversial principle of the identity of indiscernibles, but it implies a transcendent conception of universals.
Breaking through the glass ceiling: The three-dimensional model (Macro, Meso and Micro) towards promoting women participation in an academic context: Insights from a mixed-methods approach
Authors:   Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia, et al. Altamimi
Published: January 2022

This study aimed at bridging this gap and proposed a Three-Dimensional Model (Macro, Meso, and Micro). It also attempted to gain a deeper understanding of the nature of the glass ceiling, which limits women's participation in higher decision-making positions and determined how to overcome these barriers. The study adopted a mixed-methods approach. Three exploratory workshops involving 65 academic women leaders were conducted at three Saudi universities. This was followed by a field survey of the overall population involving 213 female leaders. Then six interviews of 35 female leaders were conducted. The results of the field survey illustrated the barriers preventing women from career development. According to the participants, the most challenging barriers at the institutional level were related to administrative and organizational aspects. They were followed by the barriers related to institutional culture. The social and personal barriers were ranked the last. The results of the interviews also revealed a set of ideas, which proposed methods to support women's progress to senior positions. They included political authority, policy development, open-door policy, adherence to the standards for selecting leaders based on competence, continuous evaluation, and professional development. The important role of the academic woman leader in the development of her career requires her to take responsibility for her professional growth and meet the requirements of the leadership role. The study recommends a comprehensive and profound treatment of the glass ceiling phenomenon. The study recommends a comprehensive training plan to support the skills, experiences, and capabilities of qualified women to occupy academic leadership. Benefiting from international expertise regarding this issue is highly recommended. There must be continuous monitoring and analysis of some quantitative and qualitative indicators based on an accurate database related to the academic empowerment of Saudi women.
Pautas para el diseño de un modelo de gestión hotelera que incorpore la innovación en entidades del mintur en la Habana
Authors: Carballea-Orihuela Melissa , García Leonard Yureidys , Vergara-Romero Arnaldo , Ibañez-Fernández Alberto
Published: January 2022

En los últimos años la innovación y la creatividad se han convertido en herramientas indispensables para aventajar a la competencia, atraer la atención y superar las expectativas de los clientes. En el turismo y en especial en la hotelería, la innovación toma un especial interés en el diseño de estrategias y en la propia gestión, con vista a satisfacer una demanda altamente segmentada en cuanto a tendencias y formas de hacer turismo, por lo que el objetivo del trabajo se centra en determinar las pautas para el diseño de un modelo de gestión hotelera que incorpore la innovación en entidades del MINTUR en La Habana.  Los métodos utilizados fueron: la encuesta y la entrevista para la recopilación de la información primaria sobre el estado actual de variables relacionadas con los modelos de gestión, el análisis de contenido para definir las dimensiones e indicadores a evaluar por los directivos, el análisis clúster en la formación de grupos homogéneos de modelos de innovación aplicados internacionalmente, el método de experto permitió evaluar las variables del modelo que se propone. Se obtuvo como resultado, 57 variables a tener en cuenta en el diseño de los modelos de gestión de la innovación, se identificaron los cuatros procesos empresariales esenciales en la gestión de la innovación en hoteles, se delimitan las pautas metodológicas esenciales para incorpora la gestión de la innovación en el hotelería como un proceso estratégico.
Análisis de la situación financiera de los transportistas de carga pesada por el Covid-19, en el cantón Sigchos
Authors: Acosta Gómez Diego , Acosta Gómez Cristian
Published: January 2022

Basada en el día a día de todos los transportistas de carga pesada y su impacto en sus ingresos en las personas que laboran en el transporte de carga pesada del cantón Sigchos, Provincia Cotopaxi, ocasionado por el Covid-19, que es una patología sumamente infecciosa que se propago alrededor de todo el mundo y la (OMS) Organización Mundial de Salud, anunció públicamente como una pandemia que infecto a todos los países de forma global, en Ecuador provocó una crisis económica, humanitaria, social y sanitaria, en aquel instante se vio afectada la economía debido a que se paralizó todo el territorio ecuatoriano. El presente estudio se basa directamente en realizar un análisis de la situación económica que provoca el coronavirus en los transportistas de carga pesada del cantón Sigchos. Las bases para realizar la investigación se empleó el paradigma mixto y la modalidad cuali-cuantitativa, para la cual se utilizó investigación de campo de tipo descriptiva, además para desarrollar la investigación se utilizó la técnica de la encuesta mediante la aplicación del cuestionario aplicada directamente a los miembros de la Compañía Carga Pesada Lapampeñita S.A. Los resultados obtenidos manifiestan considerables pérdidas, los problemas de la disminución de ingresos, comprensión de las medidas alternativas aplicadas para la reactivación económica, la asimilación del antes durante y después de la epidemia, concerniente con las ganancias. Se concluyó que la disminución de sus ganancias y trabajo son notablemente considerables y evidentes para la sociedad, por último, las tácticas aplicadas nos permitirán aumentar su economía.
Evaluación morfológica y rendimiento de la variedad de soya (Glycine max l. Merrill) Iniap 307 en respuesta a la fertilización orgánica y mineral
Authors: Duran Mera Christian Alejandro , Carrillo Zenteno Manuel Danilo , López Bosquez Jonathan Bismar , Balseca Castañeda Miguel Alexander
Published: January 2022

La soya es un cultivo de gran importancia económica por su alto aporte en proteína para la alimentación animal y humana. Los rendimientos de la soya dependen de las características genéticas y de que se satisfagan sus requerimientos nutricionales a través de la fertilización adecuada. Con la fertilización orgánica y mineral, se consigue ajustar recomendaciones nutricionales de acuerdo a las necesidades del cultivo, induciendo a un incremento del rendimiento el objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar el efecto de la fertilización orgánica y mineral sobre el comportamiento morfológico y rendimiento de la variedad de soya INIAP 307. El trabajo constó de cinco tratamientos y tres repeticiones que se distribuyeron en un diseño de bloques completamente al azar, los resultados fueron sometidos a un análisis de varianza para determinar las diferencias estadísticas entre las medias de cada tratamiento utilizando la prueba de Tukey al 95 % de probabilidad, las variables evaluadas fueron: altura de planta, días a floración, días a la maduración, altura de carga, acame, número de vainas por plantas, número de semillas por plantas, días a cosecha y rendimiento. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que el mayor rendimiento fue con la aplicación de N-P-K-S con un promedio de 2296,67 kg ha-1. No se observó significancia en las características morfológicas y rendimiento con la aplicación de abono orgánico.
neuronas espejo y su incidencia en el aprendizaje
Authors: Burgos Zambrano Débora , Cabrera Ávila Celia
Published: January 2022

En este trabajo se intenta hacer un acercamiento a la teoría neurofisiológica de las neuronas espejo, desarrollada por el científico italiano Giácomo Rizzolatti, a partir de investigaciones sobre la función motora de las neuronas en la corteza frontal y parietal de primates. Primero se exponen fundamentos teóricos básicos desarrollados por algunos científicos que han abordado la teoría de las neuronas espejo, en relación con los diferentes fenómenos psicológicos del proceso de aprendizaje. En un segundo momento se explican los procesos de aprendizaje a partir de las teorías del aprendizaje desarrolladas por Albert Bandura, y Lev Vygotsky. Finalmente, se establecen relaciones entre los marcos teóricos referenciales sobre las neuronas espejo y los procesos de aprendizaje. A partir de esta exploración teórica, intentará dar respuesta a la formulación de la siguiente pregunta, sobre la cual gira este artículo: ¿cuál es la incidencia de las neuronas espejo, en los procesos de aprendizaje? Se trata entonces de reconocer la incidencia de las funciones de las neuronas espejo en los procesos de aprendizaje humano, no sólo para comprender mejor el aprendizaje, sino para dejar abierto el debate sobre la importancia de formular modelos pedagógicos fundamentados en el aprendizaje por modelamiento.
A New Index for Public Investment Management
Authors: Rojas Canela Antonio , Moreno-Brid Juan Carlos
Published: January 2022

The objective of this article is to improve the most widely used indicator of quality in public investment management (the PIMI). The methodology was to use an alternative algorithm to build a new version of the PIMI and calculate it for sixteen Latin American countries. The result is a New PIMI that appears better than the original one, as it has a positive correlation with an objective indicator of the efficiency of public investment, which is not achieved by the original PIMI. We recommend the use of the New PIMI, proposed here, as a control variable in studies on aggregated public investment and its impacts on economic growth and social welfare.
One limitation of the New PIMI is that it reflects the quality of public investment management at the aggregate level and based on de jure criteria, thus not capturing key differences that occur at a more disaggregated or informal level. Even so, the relevance, originality and replicability of the New PIMI make it a significant contribution to knowledge in this field.
A Telehealth Diabetes Intervention for Rural Populations: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Litchman Michelle L , Kwan Bethany M , Zittleman Linda , Simonetti Juliana , Iacob Eli , Curcija Kristen , Neuberger Julie , Latendress Gwen , Oser Tamara K
Published: January 2022

Background

Diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES) is a crucial component of diabetes care associated with improved clinical, psychosocial, and behavioral outcomes. The American Association of Diabetes Care and Education Specialists, the American Diabetes Association, and the American Academy of Family Physicians all recommend DSMES yet accessing linguistically and culturally appropriate DSMES is challenging in rural areas. The Diabetes One-Day (D1D) program is an established DSMES group intervention that has not been adapted or evaluated in rural communities.

Objective

The specific aims of this paper are (1) to adapt the existing D1D program for use in rural communities, called rural D1D (R-D1D); and (2) to conduct a patient-level randomized controlled trial to examine the effects of R-D1D and standard patient education, guided by the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance framework.

Methods

This is a protocol for a pilot type II hybrid implementation-effectiveness trial of a culturally adapted virtual DSMES program for rural populations, R-D1D. We will use Boot Camp Translation, a process grounded in the principles of community-based participatory research, to adapt an existing DSMES program for rural populations, in both English and Spanish. Participants at 2 rural primary care clinics (4 cohorts of N=16 plus care partners, 2 in English and 2 in Spanish) will be randomized to the intervention or standard education control. The evaluation is guided by the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance framework. Patient-level effectiveness outcomes (hemoglobin A1c, diabetes distress, and diabetes self-care behaviors) will be assessed using patient-reported outcomes measures and a home A1c test kit. Practice-level and patient-level acceptability and feasibility will be assessed using surveys and interviews.

Results

This study is supported by the National Institute of Nursing. The study procedures were approved, and the adaptation processes have been completed. Recruitment and enrollment started in July 2021.

Conclusions

To our knowledge, this will be the first study to evaluate both effectiveness and implementation outcomes for virtually delivered DSMES, culturally adapted for rural populations. This research has implications for delivery to other rural locations where access to specialty diabetes care is limited.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04600622; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04600622

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/34255