bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mobilized and Polarized: Social Media and Disinformation Narratives in the 2022 Philippine Elections
Authors: Arugay Aries A. , Baquisal Justin Keith A.
Published: August 2022

Social media played a significant role in the 2022 Philippine national elections. Using various empirical sources, including an original pre-electoral survey, we argue that social media was critical in the production, transmission, and reception of election-related information and narratives
that resulted in o ine and online polarization and mobilization of Filipino voters in the 2022 elections. This article discusses the role of social media in electoral politics in the Philippines relative to other factors, such as material incentives for political partisans, prior voting behavior
patterns, information consumption, and long-standing grievances. We discuss how these factors inform social media's role in mobilizing and polarizing the Philippine electorate. We also unpack the leading disinformation narratives of authoritarian nostalgia, conspiracy theory, strongman leadership,
and democratic disillusionment, which fueled support for Marcos Jr. and undermined the other candidates. In conclusion, this article discusses the implications of disinformation in the 2022 elections for the post-electoral political engagement of Filipinos and its contribution to the further
political dysfunction of Philippine democracy.
PROSES SELEKSI TERBUKA JABATAN PIMPINAN TINGGI PRATAMA DI PEMERINTAH KOTA YOGYAKARTA PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Kumara Bintaria Aulia , Triputro R. Widodo
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses seleksi terbuka jabatan pimpinan tinggi pratama dan proses pengangkatan pejabat terpilih dari seleksi terbuka di Pemerintah Kota Yogyakarta. Seleksi Terbuka Pengisian Jabatan Pimpinan Tinggi Pratama selama masa pandemi virus Covid-19 di Pemerintah Kota Yogyakarta berbeda dari tahun-taun sebelumnya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Objek penelitian dilaksanakan di Badan Kepegawaian dan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia (BKPSDM) Kota Yogyakarta. Data yang digunakan adalah data yang diperoleh data secara langsung kepada responden dan data sekunder berupa dokumen kegiatan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan cara wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pelaksanaan Seleksi Terbuka Pengisian Jabatan Pimpinan Tinggi Pratama terdiri dari 3 tahapan yaitu: 1) persiapan 2) pelaksanaan 3) monitoring dan evaluasi.
A Contrastive Study on the Utilization of Discourse Markers in the Discussion Section of English Research Articles
Authors: Almohaimeed Lana S.
Published: August 2022

Cohesion is an important aspect of English texts, and to achieve that, writers utilize certain devices known as Discourse Markers (DMs). This study thus sought to analyze the discussion section of 12 research articles (RAs) published on two different journals (i.e., Language Teaching Research and American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics) which cover contrastive disciplines (i.e., humanities and medicine) so as to find out the most used category of DMs. Additionally, the study aimed at identifying the differences between these two disciplines as to how DMs were utilized. The study thus adopted qualitative methods. That is, the analysis was based on Halliday and Hasan’s (1976) and Fraser’s (2009) classification frameworks of DMs. Results revealed that elaborative DMs were the most used category of DMs across all the RAs. Furthermore, the LTR corpus exhibited more varieties of DMs than the AJMG corpus in which DMs were less used. Lastly, some suggestions are given for future research that have interest in discourse analysis in general, and in contrastive analysis in particular.
Investigating the Effects of Instagram on Creating Body Image 14-30 Years Old Female and Male Users in Tehran Province Using Littleton Body Image Questionnaire
Authors: Rastegarinia Narges , Khademi Azam Ali
Published: August 2022

This study was an attempt to examine the effects of Instagram on creating body image 14-30 years old female and male users in Tehran province by using Littleton body image questionnaire. The participants of the study were one hundred and twenty Iranian men and women in Tehran province. This study used two groups (total N = 120) to explore relations between Instagram social media use and body image in early adolescent girls and boys (ages 14-30). The participants were given Littleton questionnaire. Two tests were run to analyze the results of the study. Kruskal-wallis test for data analysis were used to examine the research question about body image. Another test was single sample t-test to evaluate Dissatisfaction and embarrassment of the person to hide the perceived defects. So the finding revealed that Instagram does not affect the women and men worries about their appearance in social performance. 
Analisis Isi Gangguan Stress Pasca Trauma dalam Film 27 Steps of May
Authors: Andrianto Novan , Alif Fianto Achmad Yanu
Published: August 2022

Film bisa juga disebut alat komunikasi dimana film mempunyai kekuatan untuk menjangkau segmen sosial yang membuat para pencipta karya film memiliki potensi untuk mempengaruhi khalayaknya. Didalam analisis penulis selaku pengkaji mengambil Film 27 Steps Of May sebagai bahan kajian dengan studi kasus gangguan kesetahan mental yakni Gangguan stres pascatrauma yang ada di dalam film tersebut. Peneliti menggunakan metode kualitatif dalam bentuk deskriptif. Penulis memilih penelitian ini berdasarkan maraknya fenomena masyarakat yang mengalami depresi hingga berbagai jenis gangguan kesehatan mental. Dalam Film 27 Steps Of May ini menceritakan bagaimana seorang remaja dengan latar belakang trauma akibat pemerkosaan mampu keluar dari Post- Traumatic Stress Disorder. Penulis ingin mengetahui lebih dalam mengenai korban dengan latar belakang Gangguan stres pascatrauma, gambaran fisik korban dari kasus pemerkosaan, agar pembaca lebih peka terhadap perilaku orang terdekat di lingkungan sekitar yang dirasa mengalami hal tersebut sehingga mengerti bagaimana cara mengatasinya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bagaimana gambaran seseorang dalam cara Coping Stress dirinya terhadap Gangguan stres pascatrauma.
Komunikasi Krisis Grab Indonesia pada Kasus Kecelakaan Grabwheels dalam Menjaga Citra Perusahaan
Authors: Zebua Winda Dwi Astuti , Utari Syifa Astasia , Djuwardie Djatimas Tandjung
Published: August 2022

Pada pertengahan tahun 2019, Grab Indonesia merilis produk atau jasa baru yaitu “grabwheels” (skuter listrik atau otoped listrik) yang bisa digunakan oleh masyarakat melalui aplikasi online “Grab”. Disaat antusias masyarakat terhadap grabwheels ini semakin tinggi, namun musibahpun tak bisa dihindari, pada 11 november 2019 terjadi kecelakaan yang mengakibatkan pengguna grabwheels meninggal dunia. Kecelakan pengguna grabwheels menjadi topik hangat di lingkungan masyarakat bahkan menjadi topik hangat liputan berbagai media. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komuikasi krisis yang dilakukan oleh Grab Indonesia pada kasus kecelakaan pengguna grabwheels untuk menjaga citra perusahaan. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah studi kepustakaan (library research), media monitoring dan dokumentasi. Setelah mengumpulkan semua data dan hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komunikasi krisis yang dilakukan oleh Grab Indonesia terkait kasus kecelakaan pengguna grabwheels dibagi menjadi tiga fase yaitu pre-crisis phase, crisis response phase, dan post-crisis phase. Dari ketiga fase itu Grab Indonesia sudah melakukan komunikasi yang baik seperti, edukasi diawal, komunikasi empati dan juga edukasi serta perbaikan layanan setelah kasus terjadi. Maka Grab Indonesia dianggap mampu mempertahankan citra perusahaannya pasca krisis tersebut terjadi.
Pengalaman Komunikasi Orang Tua dalam Perubahan Pembelajaran Anak di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Ida Uneputty Lewinsky , Sulistyanto Ari , Aryadillah Aryadillah
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengalaman komunikasi Orang Tua yang berhubungan dengan perubahan perilaku orang tua terhadap perubahan pembelajaran anak selama pandemi Covid-19. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini yaitu orang tua siswa kelas I dan II SD. Pengumpulan data diambil melalui wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi secara langsung. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat adanya perubahan perilaku orang tua terhadap perubahan pembelajaran anak selama pandemi Covid-19. Beberapa temuan yang terdapat dalam penelitian ini terkait perubahan perilaku orang tua, yaitu orang tua cenderung sulit untuk menahan kesabaran; orang tua mengalami kesulitan membimbing; orang tua menganggap penting dalam hal menambah wawasan dan pengetahuan; orang tua lebih menyukai pembelajaran tatap muka (konvensional). Selama dalam pembelajaran daring, terdapat hambatan komunikasi semantik dalam menentukan diksi yang tepat sehingga dapat mempermudah anak dalam memahami materi pelajaran. Selain itu terdapat hambatan teknis, yakini kurang menyeluruhnya pembagian subsidi kuota pemerintah sehingga mengakibatkan orang tua harus membeli kuota dengan uang pribadi; dan masih ditemukannya orang tua siswa kelas I dan II yang kurang mengerti fitur media pembelajaran seperti zoom.
Conditional Ground-Motion Model for Peak Ground Velocity for Active Crustal Regions
Authors: Abrahamson Norman , Bhasin Sarabjot
Published: August 2022

Conditional models for the horizontal and vertical peak ground velocity (PGV), given the pseudospectral acceleration [PSA(T)] values, are developed for active crustal regions. The period of the PSA(T) used in the conditional model, TPGV , is magnitude dependent, which captures the effect of the magnitude dependence of the earthquake source corner frequency on the PGV. Conditional models can be used to estimate the PGV given a design spectrum and are applicable for magnitudes between 3.0 and 8.5, and for distances up to 200 km. The conditional PGV models can also be combined with appropriate GMMs for PSA(T) to develop traditional GMMs for PGV that are consistent with the more complex scaling included in the PSA(T) model. Unlike previous conditional PGV models, the slope on the ln[PSA(T)] term is allowed to be different from unity. With this feature, an appropriate aleatory standard deviation of the resulting In(PGV) can be computed, avoiding the over-prediction of the aleatory standard deviation of the PGV seen in previous conditional PGV models.
Source of Roman stone for Aquae Sulis (Bath, England): field evidence, facies, pXRF chem-data and a cautionary tale of contamination
Authors: Tucker M.E. , Brisbane M. , Pitman D. , Kearn O.
Published: August 2022

The Roman town of Bath (Aquae Sulis), renowned for its Temple to Minerva and thermal baths complex, is estimated here to have required around 500,000 m3 of stone for its construction. This huge amount of stone was likely to have been supplied from quarries within 5 km of the town, located towards the tops of the hills around Bath. Observations at the many old quarries show few features indicating Roman exploitation except for one Lewis bolt-hole and reports of chisel marks. The features of the majority of the stone in the Roman Baths-Temple Complex all suggest that the stone was sourced largely from the Combe Down Oolite Member (CDO; Jurassic, Bathonian stage), rather than the Bath Oolite Member (BO), of the Great Oolite Group. A portable X-Ray Fluorescence (pXRF) instrument, used to determine the trace element geochemistry of Bath Stone for comparison with the Roman stone, shows that the CDO and BO are very similar, except for different contents of Si, Al, Fe and Mn. These likely reflect variations in clay and organic matter content. However, with regard to the Roman stone and sculptures in the Baths-Temple Complex, all analyses of surfaces show enrichment in virtually all elements, but especially in P, Si, K, Al, S, Cl, Fe, Pb, Zn, Nb, and As. This contamination is largely attributed to the buried nature of the site (5�8 metres) from the 5th century AD until the end of the 19th century, during which time the stone would have been affected by groundwater, mostly derived from the hot-springs, with its high content of many elements. Analyses of cores cut into blocks of Roman stone show that the contamination is absent after 1�2 cm. This study demonstrates that care must be exercised in using geochemical analyses of ancient building materials for provenance studies, and that fresh surfaces of the material may well be required.
Wellbeing Profile of France and India IT Employees: A Cross‐Cultural Study
Authors: Papillon Pascal
Published: August 2022

Background: Cultural influence and variances have a great influence in the development of psychosocial well-being. Cross-cultural psychologists explore the difference between Eastern and Western cultures. The present study was designed to analyse the variations in wellbeing profile of IT professionals between India and France.
Methodology: Two hundred and Fourteen non-probabilistic samples were recruited via various IT companies from France (n=92) and India(n=122). The participants completed the wellbeing profile consisted of Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory, Subjective Fluctuating Happiness Scale and Subjective Authentic-Durable Happiness Scale (SFHS and SA-DHS) and rating scale for Satisfaction at work, importance of religions/spirituality shared through a digital format, built on the Google Form.
Results: Based on independent-samples t-tests, the results indicated that Indian and French IT professionals did not exhibit a difference on levels of Mindfulness, Satisfaction at work, Fluctuating Happiness and Authentic-Durable Happiness. In addition, the findings shown inter correlations between Mindfulness, Satisfaction at work, Fluctuating Happiness and Authentic-Durable Happiness across the culture. In contrast, the results indicated that Indian IT professionals did exhibit higher levels in importance of Religions and Spirituality when compared to French IT professionals.
Conclusion: In a nutshell, the present study came to the conclusion that Indian and French employees share a greater number of wellbeing characteristics in common. Religion and spirituality are also important parts of the Indian culture of well-being.
Sexual Practice and Perception of HIV/AIDS And Health Seeking Behaviour Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Hyderabad
Authors: Nalla Krishna , Maktha Vijay kumar , Bommi Bhanuja Rani , Gokul Vinod Kumar
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) are a vulnerable population and need special attention in fight against the HIV/AIDS.  The HIV trend has been an increasing trend among MSM. Study was done to determine the factors influencing sexual practice, perception of HIV/AIDS and Health seeking behavior among MSM in Hyderabad.
Methodology:  This was a facility based cross sectional study undertaken in the Targeted Intervention sites in Hyderabad, Telangana. A total of 300 Men who have Sex with Men who are above 18 years of age and registered were included. All the MSM visiting the TI centres during the study period were interviewed personally in their local language by using a pre-designed, pre-tested, semi structured and pre-coded proforma.
Results: Mean age was 27.68 years. Majority of participants 119(39.66%) had their first sexual encounter at the age of 15-17 years. 130 (43.33%) visited the Target Intervention centres 1-2 times during the last month. About half of the participants i.e, 141(47.00%) belongs to Kothi Group and most of the MSM i.e, 198(66.00%) used condom during the sex with male last time.
Conclusions: Stigma and cultural intolerance of same-sex relations are often largely to blame for rising epidemics, and until these issues are addressed it will be difficult to make  headway in reducing HIV infection levels among MSM - which, in turn, will hinder the wider global efforts to manage HIV and AIDS.
Predictors Of Catastrophic Costs Of Tuberculosis (TB) Among Patients Co-Affected With TB-HIV And TB-Diabetes In Bhavnagar Region, Western India
Authors: Rupani Mihir , Vyas Sheetal
Published: August 2022

Background: By the year 2030, no family with a patient of tuberculosis (TB) is supposed to incur catastrophic costs. In India, a significant number of people suffer from TB, and many face catastrophic costs. Our objective was to determine the predictors of catastrophic costs due to TB among co-prevalent TB-HIV and TB-diabetes patients.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among 234 patients co-affected with TB-HIV and 304 patients with TB-diabetes co-prevalence in the Bhavnagar region (western part of India). TB costs, estimated using a validated questionnaire, were defined to be catastrophic when they exceeded 20% of annual household income. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the significant predictors of catastrophic costs of TB.

Results: Four percent of patients in each group incurred catastrophic costs due to TB. Female gender [adjusted odds ratio aOR 6 (95% CI 1.2-33)], being single [aOR 9 (95% CI 1.5-52)], low socioeconomic status [aOR 7 (95% CI 1.2-30)], private consultation for TB [aOR 9 (95% CI 1.5-53)], and hospitalization in first HIV visit [aOR 19 (95% CI 3-137)] significantly predicted catastrophic costs of TB among patients co-affected with TB-HIV. Among patients with TB-diabetes co-prevalence, hospitalization in first TB visit [aOR 7 (95% CI 2-29)], and private consultation for TB [aOR 7 (95% CI 1.6-30)] were the significant predictors.

Conclusions: Despite a lower percentage of TB-HIV/ TB-diabetes patients facing catastrophic costs, hospitalization and private care-seeking are the “modifiable” determinants of TB catastrophic costs in our study setting.
عرف و عادت بطور ماخذ قانون فقہ اور وضعی قوانین کا تقابلی مطالعہ
Custom as a Source of Law – A Comparative Study of Islamic Law of Jurisprudence and Man-Made Laws
Authors: Salahuddin Hafiz , Khaliq Abdul
Published: August 2022

Law is a basic human need without which an orderly, civilized life is impossible. therefore, the concept of law is found in all times and places. A study of history reveals that two types of laws have been prevalent in the world i.e., Man-made laws and Divine law.
This research paper analyses the comparative study of Fiqh and Man-made laws in the context of "Custom as a source of law" through Islamic Law of Jurisprudence literature and Non-Muslim thinkers' ideas. The study concludes that Man-Made laws are promulgated to protect the interest and ideologies of a few people in a specific context rather than to provide justice to all sections of society as put by non-Muslim thinkers while Islamic law is based on the sacred commands of Allah and His Messenger. The history of fourteen centuries bears witness to the fact that jurists made preeminent struggles to make clarification difficulties confronted by Muslims according to the need of all times and places, it made the repertoire of Islamic law unparalleled. And it guarantees the observance of customs that do not contradict the shariah texts.
In short, in this article, custom and custom are presented as the source of jurisprudence and it is discussed in such a way that they can be implemented in the laws of the present day.
جہالت ِ راوی کے مصداق اور حکم میں محدثین و اصولیین کا منہج و اسلوب
Method and Style of Muḥaddithīn and Uṣūliyyīn regarding the Meaning and Ruling of Obscurity of the Narrator
Authors: Ur Rehman Habib
Published: August 2022

The obscurity of the narrator is one of the reasons for defamation in the narrator, on the basis of which the narrator is deprived of the status of acceptance. There is a difference of opinion among Muḥaddithīn and Uṣūliyyīn as to its meaning and there is also a difference in ruling on the basis of this. According to the Muḥaddithīn, obscurity depends on the number of narrators narrating from a narrator, and according to the Ḥanafī Uṣūliyyīn, it depends on the number of narrations. Therefore, if two or more narrators narrate from a narrator, he will go out of obscurity, while according to the Ḥanafī Uṣūliyyīn, if only one or two narrators narrate from him, it is a sign that he is not associated with this science.
In the rule of obscure narrator’s narration, Ḥanafī Uṣūliyyīn consider the era, so basically, the narration of an obscure narrator at an early age is acceptable except that there is another reason for not considering it. On the contrary, the obscure narrator is unreliable from the point of view of the Muḥaddithīn unless there is some evidence to dispel his obscurity. The point of view of Mutakallimīn is close to that of the Muḥaddithīn in this regard.
عقد رہن کی معاصر اطلاقات کا شرعی جائزہ
Shariah Analysis of Modern Applications of the Pledge Contract
Authors: Shah Moazzum , Babar Ghulam Hussain
Published: August 2022

Rahn Literally means to detain something. From shariah's point of view, Rahn is the security that can be lawfully employed for the satisfaction of claim in respect of a debt. In Rahn, real or corporeal property of material value is pledged as security of debt. This is a contract that protects the rights of parties entering into a financial agreement. On the one hand, it enables the debtor to get a loan to fulfil his financial needs by providing security to the Creditor against the debt. On the other hand, this contract protects the right of the creditor and saves him to incur a financial loss as a result of the default of the debtor in repayment of debt. In the modern banking system, where the major role of a bank is to disburse loans to the customers or to enter into credit transactions with them, the significance of Rahn contracts has increased. Therefore, there is a need to examine the rules and conditions of the Rahn contract in respect of its modern applications. This article proceeds with a discussion on the basic concept, rules, and conditions of the Rahn contract in different Fiqh schools of thought. The second part focuses on the modern applications of the Rahn contract. The last part of this study consists of the conclusion and findings of this article. The study found that it is allowed to pledge shares and ownership documents to use them as collateral in a debit transaction. Moreover, it is also allowed for the creditor to ask for an insured item or good to secure his debt.
قبل از اسلام عرب سماج میں عورت کا مقام اور نکاح: ایک تحقیقی مطالعہ
The Status of a Woman in the Pre- Islamic Arab Society and Nikah (Matrimony): A Research Study
Authors: Ullah Sami , Al-Azhari Muhammad Riaz Khan
Published: August 2022

The family system is a rising concern in society. As we know that family system is the backbone and structural unit of society. The purpose of this study is to investigate the pre-Islamic family system and the Nikah system in Arab society. Using cross-sectional analysis, this study analyzed those norms and rituals which were in practice in an era of pre-Islamic Arab Society. The first part deals with the maltreatment of women in Arab society. It throws light on the conservative mindset of pre-Islamic Arab people about women. It also shows the patriarchal aspect of that society. The second part of the article deals with the concept of Nikah in Arab Society. This part elaborates on different types of Nikah as well. The study definitively answers the question regarding family systems and the transmission of Arab society's family system to the Nikah system.
ELABORAÇÃO DE MATERIAL EDUCATIVO NA PROMOÇÃO À SAÚDE: UM RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors:   IPEDSS – INSTITUTO DE PESQUISA E DETERMINACAO SOCIAL DA SAUDE LTDA, Gonçalves Raniere , Nunes Caroline , Silva Tatiany
Published: August 2022

O estudo tem como objetivo relatar a experiência de uma residente, na aplicação da metodologia do Arco de Maguerez, dentro de uma unidade básica de saúde, utilizando da criação de material educativo como ferramenta de qualificação do processo de trabalho. O método utilizado, baseado no Arco de Maguerez, foi a elaboração de uma cartilha como material educativo para qualificar o primeiro atendimento do paciente com dor lombar. Observou-se como resultado a eficiência da utilização de medidas educativas na promoção à saúde. Assim, conclui-se que a utilização da metodologia ativa desenvolve as habilidades de resolução de problemas ampliando os conhecimentos nas práticas em saúde e observa-se que os métodos de assistência e educação em saúde possibilitam o aumento da autonomia no cuidado e na prevenção à saúde.
Satu Kampung Tiga Maestro: Biografi Sardono W Kusuma, Mlayawidada, dan S. Ngaliman
Authors: Heri Priyatmoko
Published: August 2022

Maestro tari Sardono W Kusuma hampir ucul nyawanya ditabrak mobil jeep, imbas dari pementasan Samgita tahun 1971 di Solo. Dianggap merusak pakem, orang Jawa “garis keras” melabrak lelaki yang kelak menjadi guru besar IKJ tanpa ijazah sarjana tersebut. Empu karawitan gaya Surakarta, Mlayawidada saban pagi mengelilingi separuh kutha sambil mulutnya ndremimil menghapal ratusan gending. Buahnya, ia dijuluki ensiklopedi gending, bukan hanya jago menabuh bonang menirukan bunyi kentut. Demikian pula maestro tari tradisional gaya Surakarta, S. Ngaliman Tjondropangrawit jempolan mengawinkan unsur tari dengan karawitan yang digumuli bersama kerabat dan tetangganya.
Ketiga maestro terkemuka ini pernah menorehkan tinta emas di Kemlayan, sebuah kampung dijejali lorong sempit. Tempo doeloe, ruang sosial itu didiami rombongan abdi dalem seniman istana Kasunanan yang memengaruhi proses kreatif penghuninya. Selama satu dekade, saya menyuntuki kisah unik kampung yang tersingkir dari panggung sejarah Jawa. Pustaka ini berusaha menyajikan roncean cerita apik yang nyaris melenyap.
Elite Lokal dan Perampasan Modernitas: Kasus di Sumba Timur
Authors: Y Argo Twikromo
Published: August 2022

Buku ini tidak hanya semata membahas tentang adat Sumba, akan tetapi tentang pengaruh kekuasaan “tradisional” maupun “modern” pada sebuah daerah yang relatif jauh dari pusat pemerintahan “modern”. Sebagian besar fokus bahasan dalam buku ini menganalisis peran birokrasi pemerintahan dan kebijakan nasional yang difokuskan pada peran masyarakat lokalkhususnya elite lokal.Semoga buku ini dapat memberi kontribusi bagi perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan, memberikan pemahaman terhadap peran masyarakat lokal khususnya pelaku utama yaitu elite lokal yang sering kali memberikan refleksi dalam konteks kehidupan sehari-hari kita.
Investigating EFL teachers’ beliefs about online language teaching during COVID-19
Authors:   Convergence English Language & Literature Association, Cho Bo-kyung , Choi Ko-un , Jeon Young-joo
Published: August 2022

During the COVID-19 pandemic, many South Korean schools shifted from face-to-face to remote teaching. As the crisis was both unexpected and urgent, EFL school teachers had to quickly adapt to online language teaching without sufficient preparation or training and experienced many challenges in delivering effective language teaching in online contexts. Based on a national-scale survey, the present study examines South Korean EFL teachers’ experience with emergency remote language teaching during COVID-19. Over 100 EFL middle school teachers nationwide completed the web-based survey inquiring about their experience with remote language teaching during the crisis and the challenges and requirements of delivering online lessons. The data suggest that teachers used synchronous online language teaching based on video conferencing technology as the main mode of teaching. However, they struggled to facilitate learning activities that require frequent interaction among classmates and the teacher, and they experienced difficulty developing effective lessons and assessments in the context of online teaching. This study suggests the need for teacher training tailored to online language teaching and institutional support for teaching materials and instructional tools that can be used in online teaching contexts. The study sheds light on the importance of a long-term plan for developing guidance for online language teaching, which continues to be in increased demand in the post-COVID-19 era.
Analysis of the operation states of internal combustion engine in the Real Driving Emissions test
Authors: Andrych-Zalewska Monika , Chłopek Zdzisław , Merkisz Jerzy , Pielecha Jacek
Published: August 2022

Internal combustion engines represent the largest share of motor vehicle propulsion types. Despite the introduction of alternative drives (hybrid and electric), combustion engines will continue to be the main factor in the development of transport. Therefore, work related to their technological development and reduction of their harmful effects on human health and the environment is required. The development of internal combustion engines can be seen in two directions: technological changes resulting in increased efficiency of such engines and the second direction connected with limi-tation of exhaust gas emission. The present work is included in the second direction of research interests and concerns the analysis of various operating conditions of internal combustion engines. The operating states, both static and dynamic, determine the operational properties of internal combustion engines, such as fuel and energy consumption as well as pollutant emissions. So far, such operating conditions have only been mapped on a chassis dynamometer in various homologation tests. The course of the type approval test was known and the conditions of measurement were also known, which made it impossible to introduce a random factor into such tests. Currently, these properties are determined in tests performed in real vehicle operating conditions – RDE (Real Driving Emissions). Such tests are representing real operating conditions of motor vehicles. Limitations for performing tests in real traffic conditions are, apart from formal requirements concerning the duration and distance of individual parts, the dynamic conditions of vehicles determined by the speed and acceleration of the vehicle. The study analyzed the properties of vehicle speed processes and engine operating states in the RDE test, taking into account its individual phases – driving in urban, rural and motorway conditions. Engine operation states are the processes of the engine rotational speed and its rela-tive torque. It was found that the dynamic properties of the vehicle speed process are much more significant than the engine operating states. It was also found that the road emission of pollutants in the RDE test, which is the property of vehicles measured in the test, the motorway phase properties have greatest impact.
Vibration-based identification of engine valve clearance using a convolutional neural network
Authors: Tabaszewski Maciej , Szymański Grzegorz M. , Nowakowski Tomasz
Published: August 2022

Contemporary operation-related requirements for combustion engines force the necessity of ongoing assessment of their in operation technical condition (e.g. marine engines). The engine efficiency and durability depend on a variety of parameters. One of them is valve clearance. As has been proven in the paper, the assessment of the valve clearance can be based on vibration signals, which is not a problem in terms of signal measurement and processing and is not invasive into the engine structure. The authors described the experimental research aiming at providing information necessary to develop and validate the proposed method. Active experiments were used with the task of valve clearance and registration of vibrations using a three-axis transducer placed on the engine cylinder head. The tests were carried out during various operating conditions of the engine set by 5 rotational speeds and 5 load conditions. In order to extract the training examples, fragments of the signal related to the closing of individual valves were divided into 11 shorter portions. From each of them, an effective value of the signal was determined. Obtained total 32054 training vectors for each valve related to 4 classes of valve clearance including very sensitive clearance above 0.8 mm associat-ed with high dynamic interactions in cylinder head. In the paper, the authors propose to use a convolutional network CNN to assess the correct engine valve clearance. The obtained results were compared with other methods of machine learning (pattern recognition network, random forest). Finally, using CNN the valve clearance class identification error was less than 1% for the intake valve and less than 3.5% for the exhaust valve. Developed method replaces the existing standard methods based on FFT and STFT combined with regression calculation where approximation error is up to 10%. Such results are more useful for further studies related not only to classification, but also to the prediction of the valve clearance condition in real engine operations.
Mode choice analysis of school trips using random forest technique
Authors: D'Cruz Jinit J. M. , Alex Anu P. , Manju V.S.
Published: August 2022

Mode choice analysis of school trips becomes important due to the fact that these trips contribute to the second largest share of peak hour traffic. This scenario is more relevant in India, which has almost 265 million students enrolled in different accredited urban and rural schools of India, from Class I to XII as per the UDISE report of 2019-20. Thus, it becomes necessary to understand what mode of transport will be mostly used for school trips in order to design an efficient transportation system. Modal attributes and socio-economic characteristics are mostly considered as explana-tory variables in travel mode choice models. Multinomial Logit (MNL) model is one of the classic models used in the development of mode choice models. These logistic regression models predict outcomes based on a set of independent variables. With the recent advances in machine learning, transportation problems are getting a wide arena of methods and solutions. Among them the method of ensemble learning is finding a prominent place in contemporary modelling. This study explores the potential of using ensembles of random decision trees in mode choice analysis by Random Forest Technique with a comparative analysis on conventional method. It was observed that Random Forest method outperforms MNL method in predicting the mode choice preference of students. The high accuracy of machine learning models is mainly due to its ability to consider complex nonlinear relationship between socio-economic attributes and travel mode choice. These models can learn and identify pattern characteristics extracted from sample data and form adaptive structures through computational process thereby offering insights into the relationships between variables that random utility models cannot recognize. This study considered activity -travel information, personal data and household characteristics of students as attributes for model development and observed that the age of the student and distance of school from home plays a significant role in deciding the mode choice of school trips.
Minimalny podatek dochodowy od osób prawnych w świetle prawnoporównawczym (Polska, Włochy, Austria)
Authors: Klimaszewska Zofia
Published: August 2022

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie uregulowania konstrukcji minimalnego podatku dochodowego od osób prawnych w Austrii (Mindestkörperschaftsteuer), we Włoszech (Imposta sul reddito delle società) i w Polsce (minimalny CIT1) w kontekście jego funkcji, efektywności oraz tego, jak podatek ten odpowiada realiom i wyzwaniom, jakie wolny rynek stawia przed państwowymi systemami podatkowymi. Opisano zakres podmiotowy regulacji, stawkę podatku, sposób jego obliczania oraz stosowane zwolnienia. Zwrócono również uwagę na specyficzne cechy regulacji analizowanych systemów, m.in. szeroki zakres podmiotowy w systemie austriackim, węższy zakres podmiotowy i wyższą stawkę podatku w systemie włoskim, a także problematykę wprowadzenia nowej regulacji w systemie polskim. Analizie poddano także stopień, w jakim opisane instytucje spełniają zadanie uszczelniania systemu podatkowego; wykorzystano do tego celu International Tax Competitiveness Index 2021 (Międzynarodowy Indeks Konkurencyjności Podatkowej 2021) stworzony przez think tank Tax Foundation. Pozwala to stwierdzić, że rozwiązanie wprowadzone w Austrii w niewielkim stopniu wykorzystuje potencjał tego instrumentu podatkowego, system włoski wydaje się realizować go w sposób efektywniejszy, ale zmaga się z unikaniem opodatkowania na znacznie większą skalę, w przypadku polskiego minimalnego CIT nie dysponujemy jeszcze natomiast takimi danymi, ranking sugeruje jednak, że problem uszczelnienia systemu podatkowego ma mniejszą skalę, co daje możliwość modyfikacji konstrukcji podatkowej w celu efektywniejszej realizacji zadań przed nią stawianych.
Odpowiedzialność karnoskarbowa za uporczywe
niewpłacanie podatku i nieterminowe wpłacanie podatku
Authors: Ziółkowska Krystyna , Omieczyńska Sandra
Published: August 2022

Model obowiązującego systemu podatkowego, odpowiadający obranym celom gospodarczym i politycznym, wymaga
od obywateli ponoszenia określonych ciężarów i świadczeń publicznych, wśród których doniosłe znaczenie
mają należności publicznoprawne w postaci podatków. Niejednokrotnie podatnicy, płatnicy i inkasenci pozostają
w zwłoce w wykonywaniu nałożonych na nich obowiązków podatkowych, wskutek czego powstają liczne zaległości
podatkowe. Ustawodawca określił w rozdziale VI ustawy z dnia 10 września 1999 r. – Kodeks karny skarbowy1
katalog czynów, które wskutek naruszenia podstawowych zobowiązań podatkowych godzą w państwowy interes
fiskalny i narażają podatek na uszczuplenie. Czynami podlegającymi penalizacji są m.in. nieterminowe wpłacanie
podatku i uporczywe niewpłacanie podatku, uregulowane w art. 57 i 77 k.k.s. w zależności od zindywidualizowanego
podmiotu będącego sprawcą czynu zabronionego. Na gruncie wskazanych przepisów powstaje wiele wątpliwości
interpretacyjnych z uwagi na zastosowanie nieostrego pojęcia uporczywości. Fundamentalna zasada
nullum crimen sine lega certa et stricta nakazuje zaś zachować stylistyczną jasność w formułowaniu przepisów.
Dopiero dokładna analiza i uznanie wszystkich znamion przestępstwa za wypełnione pozwalają pociągnąć obywatela
do odpowiedzialności karnoskarbowej.
Epidemiologia de los coccidios intestinales en personas vulnerables: una revisión sistémica a nivel mundial.
Authors: Durán Pincay Yelisa Estefanía , Lino Toala Konny Nayeli , Baque Quimis Lidinson Jean , Moran Peñaherrera Yomaira
Published: August 2022

Los Coccidios son parásitos protozoarios microscópicos que infectan el tracto intestinal de la mayoría de los sujetos humanos y animales, las parasitosis intestinales son una gran amenaza para el sistema de salud pública mundial, son consideradas como enfermedades infecciosas desatendidas u olvidadas, ya que son una carga para las poblaciones tropicales o subtropicales, en pacientes inmunocompetentes estas infecciones son de corta duración, pero son considerados como oportunistas en aquellos pacientes inmunodeprimidos, en particular en aquellos con SIDA, ya que la infección se puede complicar y agravar el estado del paciente, el objetivo principal es estudiar la epidemiologia de las enfermedades parasitarias causadas por los coccidios intestinales, cuya metodología empleada para la realización de esta investigación es una revisión sistémica documental científica. Dentro de los resultados de los coccidios intestinales se obtuvo que los coccidios Cryptosporidium, Cyclospora e Isospora son los que más afectan a la población vulnerables. En Conclusión, la frecuencia y gravedad por infección de coccidios sigue siendo motivo de preocupación en los países en desarrollo, teniendo en cuenta el sistema inmune de la población y conociendo que estos parásitos son oportunistas al evento de una enfermedad infecciosa presente, es muy oportuno efectuar seguimientos y control en las personas vulnerables.
Análisis Situacional de la desnutrición infantil a nivel de Latinoamérica.
Authors: Durán Pincay Yelisa Estefanía , Andrade Santos Raysha Michell , Aveiga Bartolomé Yaritza Lissethe , Molina Zambrano Dayana Suyin
Published: August 2022

Los niños se encuentran especialmente en riesgo para padecer desnutrición, a causa del alto costo proteico y energético del crecimiento, cualquier deficiencia de nutrientes llega a afectar el desarrollo, si ocurre un retraso es probable que exista la presencia de alguna enfermedad subyacente, la identificación oportuna de niños en riesgo de desnutrición es indispensable para brindar un control y apoyo nutricional adecuado para prevenir la desnutrición  nivel global. Es un problema que afecta gravemente a las sociedades de ingresos medianos y bajos, la situación prevalente y grave, en Latinoamérica se refleja una disminución en las tasas de desnutrición infantil, en Ecuador este problema afecta a dos niños de cada cinco, el objetivo principal de esta investigación es realizar un análisis situacional sobre la desnutrición infantil a nivel de Latinoamérica, para lo cual se utilizó una metodología de revisión sistemática documental científico. Dentro de los resultados obtenidos se evidencio que existe una gran prevalencia de la desnutrición aguda infantil, a nivel de Latinoamérica este estado es muy persistente en aquellos menores de cinco años y que viven en lugares pobres, cuyas familias tienen ingresos inferiores. En conclusión, la desnutrición infantil representa en gran escala la mitad o una buena parte de las muertes en niños a nivel mundial, tomando en consideración los perjuicios que deja, es de gran necesidad vigilar estos casos de desnutrición infantil.
Genetic inheritance of fruit traits and seed coat colour in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia)
Authors: RAO P GANGADHARA , BEHERA TUSAR KANTI , MUNSHI ANILABH DAS , JAT GOGRAJ SINGH , G BOOPALAKRISHNAN
Published: August 2022

The present experiment on genetic inheritance of fruit traits (ridgeness, tubercles and curviness) and seed coat colour of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) was carried out at experimental farm of Division of Vegetable Science, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi in 2014â€“16. The study provides genetic information for development of new varieties and hybrids as per the consumer preference. The classical Chi-square (Ï‡2) test was used to estimate the inheritance pattern of qualitative traits using six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1P1 and BC1P2; F3 generation as F2 for seed coat colour). Inheritance of fruit traits like continuous ridges (Cr: in DBGS-54 Ã— DBGS-2 and DBSS-54 Ã— Pusa Vishesh; Ï‡2 = 0.09; P = 0.76 and Ï‡2 = 0.50; P = 0.48, respectively), tubercles (Tb: DBGS-54 Ã— DBGS-2 and DBSS-54 Ã— Pusa Vishesh; Ï‡2 = 0.50; P = 0.48and Ï‡2 = 0.01; P = 0.92, respectively), fruit curviness (Cf: DBGS-54 Ã— DBGS-2; Ï‡2 = 0.02; P = 0.89) and black seed coat colour (Bs: Pusa Aushadhi Ã— DBGS-54 and DBGS-54 Ã— DBGS-2; Ï‡2 = 0.73; P = 0.39 and Ï‡2 = 0.02; P = 0.89, respectively) were found to be controlled by single dominant gene. Simple inheritance of these fruit traits will enable the bitter gourd breeder to incorporate these traits in hybrids. The black seed coat colour will act as a morphological marker for hybrid seed purity test too.
Morphometric, molecular characterization and management of Callosobruchus chinensis
Authors: SINGH D , BOOPATHI T
Published: August 2022

Pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis L. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is the most economic insect pest of pulse and can cause huge quantitative losses and also decreases the nutritional value of stored products. The morphological and molecular characterization of pulse beetles was determined and different non-edible oils against C. chinensis were assessed at ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi during 2019â€“20. Eggs of C. chinensis were 264.74Â±3.716 Î¼m in width and 452.33Â±4.531 Î¼m in length. The final instar larva of C. chinensis was 1703.12Â±4.692 Î¼m in width and 3062.19Â±33.119 Î¼m in length. The width and length of the pupae was 1696.09Â±5.589 Î¼m and 3281.60Â±73.641 Î¼m, respectively. The length of the adult body was 2520.85Â±23.278 Î¼m for females and 2469.70Â±29.570 Î¼m for males with a width of 1426.78Â±41.334 Î¼m for females and 1456.54Â±23.606 Î¼m for males. Both C. maculatus and C. chinensis got amplified by COI primer. A band of approximately 710 bp was obtained from both pulse beetles (C. maculatus and C. chinensis). DNA barcode helps in identification of pests at all life stages. Hundred per cent of egg mortality, larval mortality and adult mortality were reported in all non-edible oils such as Pongamia glabra L., Hydnocarpus wightiana Blume, Madhuca longifolia Konig, Callophyllum inophyllum L. and Azadirachta indica A. Juss. Similarly, all non-edible oils had ovipositional deterrence. To summarize, these oils can be used for the management of pulse beetles during storage.
Assessment of climate change on wheat (Triticum aestivum) production using crop simulation under Indo-Gangetic Plains
Authors: SINGH MANVENDRA , MISHRA G C , MALL R K
Published: August 2022

Climate change has very wide impact on different crops and cropping system. In north India crop like wheat also affected due to climate change. To assess the impact of climate change a study using CERES (Crop Environment Resource Synthesis) model was carried out at Kanpur, India. Three different levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) i.e. 450 ppm, 500 ppm and 550 ppm and two different levels of temperature (1ÌŠC and 2ÌŠC) and their interaction were used to study the impact of climate change on wheat production. The results revealed that different elevated levels of carbon dioxide concentration recorded higher production of wheat which ranges from 3â€“8%. Graded levels of temperatures caused drastic reduction in yield which ranges from 10â€“17%. Conjoint effect of temperature and carbon dioxide recorded yield losses from 1â€“16%.
Evaluation of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) genotypes for plant growth, fruit yield and quality
Authors: KHAN F A , BHAT HILAL A , BHAT S A , NARAYAN S , MIR S A , Z MASOODI KHALID , MALIK A A , LONE S A , SAJAD SEHRISH , JAN URFIA
Published: August 2022

The study was carried out with different tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) genotypes during 2018 and 2019 at Division of Basic Sciences and Humanities (SKUAST-K), Shalimar, Srinagar (J&K) to assess the plant and fruit growth with quality characters and mineral composition. Healthy and uniform seedlings of twelve tomato genotypes were transplanted in pots with four replications. Among different genotypes, 2016/TODVAR-9 (G8) recorded the highest leaf area (713.6 cm2) and fruit yield (1.77 kg/plant) that also showed maximum values TSS (4.35%), titrable acidity (1.32%), vitamin C (36.18 mg/100g), lycopene (6.84 mg/100g) and carotenoid (8.28 mg/100g) contents coupled with maximum P (0.83%), K (2.35%), Mg (0.52%) and Ca (0.23%) contents. Regression analysis of the data showed a strong correlation between leaf area and fruit yield (r = 0.86**), leaf area and fruit sugar content (r = 0.60*), PLW andfruit Ca content (r = -0.97**), fruit Ca content and storage life (r = 0.97**) and fruit PLW and storage life (r = -0.98**)