bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The term structure of Eurozone peripheral bond yields: an asymmetric regime-switching equilibrium correction approach
Authors: Avdoulas Christos , Bekiros Stelios , Lucey Brian
Published: December 2019

Several studies have established the predictive power of the yield curve i.e. the difference between long and short-term bond rates and the role of asymmetries in the term structure of bond yields with respect to real economic activity. Using an extensive dataset, comprising 3-month, 1-year, 5-year and 10-year constant maturity Treasury bonds for the Eurozone southern periphery countries – the so-called “PIIGS” – from January 1999 to April 2019, we investigate the links between bond yields of different maturities for the Eurozone southern peripheral countries and we find they co-evolve in line with the predictions of the Expectations Hypothesis theory. We demonstrate the presence of nonlinearities in the term structure, and utilize a multivariate asymmetric two-regime Markov-switching VAR methodology to model them properly. Moreover, we address the economic reasoning behind the introduction of an equilibrium-correction regime-switching approach, hence providing potentially important insights on the behaviour of the entire yield curve. We reveal that the regime shifts are related to the state of the business cycle, particularly in economies in which monetary policy decisions are implemented via changes in short-term rates as a response to deviations of output from equilibrium levels. Our results may have important statistical and economic implications on the behaviour of the term structure of bond yields.
Research on Nozzle Jet Vector Control with Synthetic Jet Technology
Authors: Zhang Binglong , Liu He , Dong Jinzhong
Published: December 2019

The synthetic jet actuator was applied to the nozzle jet vector control by experimental and numerical simulation methods to study fluid thrust vector control in this paper. The nozzle jet produced a steady and continuous deflection under the action of synthetic jet actuators. Through the analysis of the flow structure and control mechanism of the interaction between the synthetic jet and the nozzle jet, it was found that the force formed by the pressure gradient in the nozzle duct, the entrainment and ejection of the synthetic jet to the mainstream, and the momentum synthesis of the vertical synthetic jet were able to cause the deflection of the nozzle jet. The actuator excitation voltage can adjust synthetic jet velocity, which in turn affects the nozzle jet deflection angle.
The motivation as the main way to increase the efficiency of public servants (sociological analysis)
Authors: Серьогін С. М. , Сорокіна Н. Г. , Шеломовська О. М.
Published: December 2019

The article is devoted to the study of the motivation of the civil servants and local government officials’work. The concept of the motivation was revealed. The elements of moral and psychological methods ofthe motivation were analyzed. The importance of material and immaterial stimulation in public service wasexplained. The main motives and peculiarities of stimulation of a public servant in the modern conditionsof public service development in Ukraine were studied on the basis of empirical data. In particular, ithas been found out that the main motive for joining the public service is a stable salary and the desire ofpublic servants to work for the benefit of the state and society. So, mercantile aspirations in financial termsdominate - stable payment for work, as well as patriotic, valuable, moral and ethical desire to work forthe benefit of the state are in the minds of the citizens. The results of the study show that the prestige ofpublic service remains quite low. The main problems which negatively influence the image of the publicservice and make it unattractive to the public are high staff turnover, incomplete implementation of socialguarantees, poor financial support, and partial satisfaction of the basic needs of public servants, whichreduce the effectiveness of public administration in Ukraine.It is determined that the main way to increase the efficiency of public servants and in general publicadministration is to develop effective methods of the motivation and the stimulation, both economic andnon-economic. It was proven, that effective motivation in the public service depends to a large extent notonly on its filling of highly qualified personnel and efficiency, but also on trust and respect of the population.
Evaluation of digital development of administrative and territorial units of Dnipropetrovsk region
Authors: Квітка С. А. , Титаренко О. М. , Мазур О. Г.
Published: December 2019

The article presents and analyzes the results of the May 2019 study of the digital developmentof districts, cities and territorial communities of Dnipropetrovsk region. It is through such researchthat we can identify critical territories, local digital development issues, and find ways to overcomethem. Meanwhile, in Ukraine, information development studies are conducted only at the nationallevel, bypassing the administrative-territorial units of regional subordination. Using the methodologyproposed at the Dnipropetrovsk Regional Institute of Public Administration of the National Academyof Public Administration, allows to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the use and development ofdigital technologies in these territories. The introduction of modern digital instruments into the practiceof regulating territorial development is conditioned by the priority of reforms of decentralization ofpower and public administration, the necessity of introducing new approaches, methods and meansof forming and implementing public policy and public administration in the conditions of theinformation society. The implementation of these tools should result in an efficient, transparent, openand flexible structure of local public administration, using the latest digital technologies aimed atsocial sustainable development and adequate response to internal and external challenges. The authorsdraw attention to the need to combine the efforts of different sectors of society within the frameworkof regional information programs, where the opportunities for cooperation between government,business and local authorities are much greater than at the national level. The paper notes the lackof a clear understanding and approval of plans for the digitization of public life, the implementationof e-governance and e-democracy tools in a number of administrative and territorial units, as well asthe lack of necessary and sufficient information on available best practices and mechanisms for theirimplementation. Proposals are given for the tasks of the Regional Electronic Dnepropetrovsk 2020Informatization Program and suggestions for improving the methods of digital development researchat the local level.
Katerinoslav provincial zemstvo and development of medical education of the province in the early twentieth century
Authors: Прокопенко Л. Л.
Published: December 2019

The article considers the role of Katerinoslav provincial and county zemstvos in the development ofmedical education of the province in the early twentieth century. It is emphasized that in the conditions ofreforming local self-government, the analysis of the experience of the zemstvos activity, in particular theactivities of the Katerynoslav provincial zemstvo in the training of medical staff, the improvement of themedical service of the population of the Katerynoslav province is of great importance. Thus, the role of theprovincial zemstvo in the organization of the activities of the provincial zemstvo felcher school, its financialsupport and the role of the provincial congresses of the zemstvo doctors and representatives of the zemstvoinstitutions in the improvement of medical education in the country are highlighted. The contribution of theprovincial zemstvo Medical School to the training of medical staff of secondary qualification in the regionis considered. The new Charter of the school, approved by the Ministry of Internal Affairs on October 10,1907, is analyzed, in particular, the purpose of the school establishment, its management system is described,the content of the school curricula according to the "Normal Statute of Zemstvo Feldsher School" 1897 isconsidered, changes in the requirements for educational qualification of graduates are revealed. Particularattention is paid to the analysis of the dynamics of training of felchers in school at the beginning of thetwentieth century, the activity of the zemstvo on organization of training for women as medical workersis shown. Significant attention is paid to the role of the provincial zemstvo in the creation of the systemof training of lower medical staff - schools of nursing and servants at the provincial zemstvo hospitalsand similar special schools at county zemstvo hospitals, as well as the system of advanced training offeldshers of the province in the form of so-called "repetition courses." The contribution to the developmentof medical education in Katerynoslav region of private medical schools is also described.
Development trends and main challenges of the state mechanism of legal regulation of socio-economic relations in construction
Authors: Марушева О. А.
Published: December 2019

In recent years, changes observed in the development of the construction sector in Ukraine haveaccelerated the investment raising process, but they have not been sufficient to significantly improveliving conditions. Today, government policy in the field of construction should be aimed at ensuring ahigh standard of living for citizens of the country and creating effective financial, economic, technical,organizational and legal mechanisms to improve the socio-economic and spatial development of the state,its regions and settlements. The paper investigates the need to focus the development of the constructionindustry, urban development, the process of new construction products development primarily on meetingthe needs of society. Therefore, the Ukrainian construction industry must have a single regulation system,as well as approaches fundamental for the formation of efficient, safe and economical construction activityin a particular sector of the economy. The paper substantiates modernization of the legal and regulatoryframework as a long and complex system process affecting the quality and safety of construction products,their innovative and economic development, the protection of consumer rights and other processes. Todayin Ukraine the construction process is regulated by a considerable amount of documents, that is more than3.5 thousand of them. However, only 44% out of about 1.5 thousand standards included in the list areharmonized with the European and international standards. The pace of updating state building codes inUkraine has dramatically dropped. At the same time, Ukraine has an obligation to the European Union andthe World Trade Organization to update and harmonize the technical regulation field in construction. Thepaper identifies an unduly slow and unsystematic process of updating the legal and regulatory frameworkpresently, despite the adoption of certain strategic decisions by the government at different times.The paper states importance of implementing the European approach as to the priority of ensuring themain safety requirements set by the Technical Regulation, which should be reflected in the applicable law,since it will help to unify the procedures for providing construction products on the market and specialterminology, as well as to improve the level of construction products safety, etc.
Current State and Problems of Information and Analytical Provision of the Ukrainian Local Public Administration Activities Mechanisms
Authors: Ганцюк Т. Д.
Published: December 2019

The article analyzes the current state and problems of information and analytical provision of localpublic government activities in Ukraine by means of comparative-critical analysis of, first of all, thestructure of relevant state administrations, and secondly, the presence of information and analytical provisiondepartments in the state administrations structure, their names and quantity, and thirdly, these divisions’functions and tasks, and, fourth, the general problems of formation and validation of the information andanalytical provision of the Ukrainian local public administration activities mechanisms.The study was aimed at comparing the current status of the information and analytical provisiondepartments tasks to their basic theoretical purpose of collecting, generalizing, processing information anddeveloping information and analytical documents which are necessary for the making effective managementdecisions.For comparative analysis of the current state of the information and analytical provision of local publicgovernment activities the two groups of local state administrations of different levels have been selected. Thecontent and trends of the current state of the processes of information and analytical provision of local publicgovernment activities are revealed by the example of eight local state administrations, regional and district levels.Based on the results of the comparative analysis, we identified important trends within the processesof information and analytical provision of local authorities activities in Ukraine: the country lacks holisticinformation and analytical provision system for local public government activities; the country's system ofpublic power needs unification or systematic regulations of structural divisions dealing with informationand analytical provision of local authorities; local state administrations have not yet built and are not evenplanning to create their own information databases covering various areas of public administration, social,political, economic and cultural situation, and databases of the regional development, of sectoral statisticsor other fields; local state administrations pay little attention to information security and protection ofinformation resources of public administration; regional and district state administrations lack separatesubdivisions that would be strictly specialized in information and analytical provision of local authorities(usually, information and analytical provision of local authorities is considered an addition to other roles,ranging from the structural and communication functions to the legal one); on the whole, the overall systemof information and analytical provision of local authorities in this country is still at the concept stage of itsdevelopment.
Influence of Cinnamon on the behavior of Amur Tiger (Panthera tigris altaica, Temminck, 1844) in captivity
Authors: Antonenko T. V. , Matsyura A. V. , Pysarev S. V.
Published: December 2019

Our primary interest is in welfare of Amur tiger (Panthera tigris altaica, Temminck, 1844) in the Barnaul Zoo and Leningrad Zoo. As discussed below, behavioral researches can reveal much about the welfare of captive wild animals. Amur tiger s behavior is studied and time budget is calculated for males and females. The Schorygin’ similarity coefficient of behavior is determined (82.64% and 86.76%). We analyzed the differences in their behavior before and after olfactory enrichment. Cinnamon oil reduces pacing, sheltering, sleep and rest time, play behavior, increases exploratory behavior in 50% of researched Amur tigers. The reaction time of the flemen increased in both males. Younger animals better perceived olfactory enrichment. Stereotypical behavior (pacing) have decreased in post-enrichment day.
Effects of air temperature, humidity and air pollution on fertility of birch pollen in urban environments
Authors: Bychkova O. V. , Khlebova L. P.
Published: December 2019

We studied effects of environmental factors on pollen fertility of Betula pendula Roth.) in 15 sites of the city of Barnaul (Russia, Altai Territory), differing in traffic intensity. We found that low temperature was more stressful for the development of birch pollen compared to high one. When the temperature drops below +8°C, the amount of sterile pollen in all locations significantly increased regardless of the anthropogenic load, on average exceeding 8%. With an increase in temperature of more than +10 °C, the proportion of sterile pollen also increased, but the jump was not as sharp as in cold weather. The optimum temperature for the formation of fertile pollen grains was in the range of 8–10 °С. The optimal humidity for the development of fertile pollen of B. pendula was 40–45%. The increase in air dryness led to a significant decrease in the quality of pollen grains, the proportion of sterile ones exceeded 8%. According to the transmission coefficient (Keff = 0.1514), the dominant factor in the development of sterile pollen grains of birch was the level of air pollution (concentration of carbon monoxide). Air temperature (Keff = 0.1427) and humidity (Keff = 0.1427) affected equally the quality of pollen. The proposed model makes it possible to predict the level of sterile birch pollen in the conditions of Barnaul depending on the weather conditions of vegetation and on the level of pollutants in the atmosphere.
Factors influeincing health tourism development in Belokurikha Resort
Authors: Dunets A. N. , Akimov O. S. , Latysheva O. A.
Published: December 2019

The paper studies approaches to understanding the health tourism in Belokurikha Resort. In fact, Belokurikha Resort is the largest recreational area in the Asian part of the Russian Federation. The authors define the factors of tourism development in the area and outline the elements of health tourism development: historical development, natural resources, economic, infrastructural, ethno-social, tourist, administrative, informational and business ones. The paper considers an influence of these factors on sustainable development of Belokurikha Resort and its neighboring territories.
Longitudinal variability in the zooplankton community of the upper Ob river
Authors: Burmistrova O. S. , Yanygina L. V.
Published: December 2019

Zooplankton is important component of aquatic ecosystems playing the essential role in organic matter circulation and self-purification of water bodies. Current data on zooplankton from one of the largest rivers in the world, i.e. the Ob river, is very fragmentary and cover small areas adjacent to large settlements. This paper presents the results of the zooplankton study of the 458-km stretch of the Ob river – from its source (Fominskoye village) up to the site above the Novosibirsk reservoir (Taradanovo village). To assess the longitudinal distribution of zooplankton, we collected samples from 17 river sections in different phases of a hydrological cycle, i.e. during the periods of flood (May–June) and summer low water (July–August) 2016. A total of 103 species and forms of zooplankton were detected. Rotifera dominated in species number. In various river parts and hydrological cycle phases, species number, abundance and biomass of zooplankton differed significantly. Their maximum typically fell on the period of summer low water. Abundance and biomass of zooplankton tended to increase downstream. In most parts of the river, Rotifers was dominant in number, whereas copepods – in biomass (juvenile stages). Zooplankton distribution along the transversal profile of the river was characterized by the increased species number, abundance and biomass near the right bank (unlike the left one) that is, probably, due to the floodplain appearance on the right bank. An increase in zooplankton abundance was also observed in sites with a low flow velocity (river bays) and below the large tributaries. The assessment of water quality in the study site of the Ob river was performed based on the zooplankton composition and structure. A saprobic index for zooplankton is evidence of oligo- betamesosaprobic conditions.
Association of canopy temperature depression with yield and morphological traits of spring soft wheat under Siberian conditions
Authors: Lepekhov S. B. , Khlebovav L. P.
Published: December 2019

The method of infrared thermometry is widely used in the world to diagnose drought tolerance of crops. However, in Russia the measurement of Canopy temperature depression (CTD) has not yet been carried out. The aim of the study was to measure CTD and consider the possibility of using this trait to assess spring soft wheat varieties when growing in the Altai Territory (South-Western Siberia of Russia). The studies were conducted in 2017 and 2018 using 36 varieties of spring soft wheat in the vegetative stage and 14 varieties in the grain filling stage, respectively. Significant differences between the varieties for CTD values in both years of the study were established. There was no reliable correlation between CTD and most of agronomic traits of the studied genotypes. CTD also did not significantly correlate with grain yields in neither 2017 nor 2018 (r=0.31; r=-0.14, respectively). However, we found a reliable correlation of the trait with the plant height in 2018 (r=0.83). This may explain the wide distribution of tall varieties in Siberia. If drought occurs before heading, when the plants are oppressed and do not close the canopy, the use of infrared thermometry is difficult throughout the growing season, since the measurement error increases significantly. In Siberia, this method is suitable only in the conditions of mild droughts or when using the steam precursor in wheat cultivation.
Ecological-based adaptation of agriculture to the soil and climatic conditions in Russian steppe
Authors: Gulyano Yu. A. , Chibilev A. A. , Levykin S. V. , Silantieva M. M. , Kazachkov G. V. , Sokolova L. V.
Published: December 2019

The article substantiates the urgency of environmental optimization of steppe land use, aimed at overcoming the acute challenges of our time, associated with the depletion of natural resources, climate change and food tension. The article analyzes the main problems of nature use, typical for steppe regions of Russia at a modern geoecological state of landscapes. The transboundary character of the territory under consideration is noted and the evolution of its landscapes under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors, which make the study of the issues of rational use of natural resources and sustainable development of steppe regions actual, is described. The attention is focused on the significant participation of the mesoregion under consideration, which has the main share of the area of spread of black earths, in the production of agricultural products and strategic importance for the sustainable functioning of the Russian economy. Correlation-regression relations of the main ecological factors with productivity of grain agrocenoses are analyzed and ecologically oriented methods of increasing the efficiency of bioclimatic resources use of the mentioned territory are substantiated. Promising technological solutions, the introduction of which guarantees the maintenance of social and food security, will ensure the inexhaustible use of soil and land resources and reduce the anthropogenic impact on natural ecosystems, the preservation of biological diversity in the steppe regions in their agricultural use. The conclusion is made about the possibility of increasing the economic feasibility of crop production and noticeable soil-restoring and medium improving effects, new reserves to meet the needs of the modern generation and ensure social justice, while reducing the risks of impoverishment of the environment and limiting the life opportunities of future generations.
Biotechnological approaches to the reproduction of remontant forms of red raspberry
Authors: Khlebova L. P. , Titova A. Mu. , Pirogova A. V.
Published: December 2019

Rubus idaeus L. is one of the oldest and most widespread berry crops, which is cultivated for the excellent taste as well as for medical and dietary properties of berries. Rubus fruits contain a significant amount of vitamins A and C, anthocyanins, polyphenolic substances, which determines their high antioxidant activity. Remontant red raspberry forms are able to berry on annual shoots in the second half of summer, which extends the term of consumption of fresh berries by 1.5-2 months. However, many forms of remontant raspberry have a low potential for vegetative propagation compared to summer varieties, which makes them difficult to reproduce and to use in the breeding process. We investigated the possibility of increasing the efficiency of in vitro micropropagation of a remontant raspberry variety ʻBiryulevskaya’. The effects of 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BAP) at concentrations of 0.5–3 mg l-1 and thidiazuron (TDZ) at concentrations of 0.05–0.2 mg l-1 as well as doubled and tripled iron chelate Fe-EDTA (Ferric ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid) doses were studied. We found the adding 1.0 mg l-1 6-BAP to the MS medium containing a triple dose of iron chelate, provided intensive proliferation of high quality adventitious shoots.
Optimization of conditions for the induction of Tagetes patula L. hairy roots
Authors: Khlebova L. P. , Brovko E. S. , Bychkova O. V. , Pavlova N. V.
Published: December 2019

The hairy root cultures are promising sources of secondary metabolites of plants, including rare and endangered species. They possess genetic and biochemical stability, unlimited growth rate in free-hormone medium, short doubling times, high biosynthetic activity and ecological purity of plant raw materials. The hairy root cultures of Tagetes patula L. can be used to produce biologically active substances with biocidal activity. The study aimed to determine the virulent strain of Agrobacterium rhizogenes and the most effective period of co-cultivation of T. patula leaf explants with an agrobacterium to induce actively growing hairy root cultures. We used 3 strains (A-4b, 8196RT and 15834). The time of infection ranged from 3 to 33 hours in increments of 3 hours. We found that 24 h is the best time of infection to induce hairy roots with the highest transformation efficiency (92%). The wild strain A. rhizogenes 15834 turned out to be the most virulent when infected leaf explants of spreading marigold. This strain provided the maximum transformation effect, reaching 85.4%. We have identified 5 actively growing clones of hairy roots with intensive branching, the growth indices of which were 64-75. In the future, they will be transferred to a liquid medium for biomass accumulation and scaling.
Melliferous resources in Charyshsky district (Altai Krai)
Authors: Nenasheva G. I. , Kozyreva Y. V. , Krotov A. V. , Bykova V. A. , Denisenko O. V.
Published: December 2019

The present paper provides results and analysis of floristic composition and vegetation resources of Charyshsky district, Altai Krai. Crop production in Altai Krai is of primary importance for apiculture. Melliferous resources of cultivated plants as well as of native plants are displayed in the paper. Vegetation resources are sorted out into groups, number of species in each group is counted. We conducted melissopalynological studies of honey samples from Charyshsky district and identified taxonomic diversity of pollen spectrum of natural honey samples, and their compliance with the basic melliferous plants. In the melliferous base of Charyshsky district locality there were identified 185 species of mellifers (19, 6% of total species number). Model plots of Charyshsky district refer to mountain-forest zone and have the most stable honey harvest, due to a wide range of plants species. Melissopalynology studies showed that honey samples of Charyshsky district are polyfloral. The pollen composition of honey reflects the type of vegetation in the area. Analysis of honey samples collected from Charyshsky district model plots located in the mountain forest zone (Altai Krai) revealed that the pollen of the families Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Fabaceae, Ranunculaceae, Rosaceae is prevailing, while on the model plots of the third type found in field agrocoenoses the pollen of the family Polygonaceae is predominating. Midlands and lowlands with fir–aspen forests with tall herbaceous plants (black taiga) have high melliferous potential. Melliferous resources along with other types of vegetation resources are being destroyed as a result of human economic activity (arable land, grazing, forestry activities) therefore it is necessary to provide environmental resource management and resource efficiency approach.
Phytolith assemblages in modern top soils under plant communities of Northern and Western Altay, Russia
Authors: Solomonova M. Yu. , Blinnikov M. S. , Speranskaja N. Yu. , Elesova N. V. , Silantyeva M. M.
Published: December 2019

We investigated 120 assemblages of phytoliths from modern top soils of 40 different plant communities of Northern and Western Altay region of Russia. The samples were collected from elevations between 360 m and 2360 m above sea level. Using statistical analyses, it was discovered that many communities produce sufficiently distinct assemblages based on standard morphotypes. Specifically we studied 6 kinds of forests (larch, spruce, fir, pine, cedar pine and birch-dominated), 3 kinds of steppes (true, meadow and petrophytic), 5 kinds of meadows (steppe-like, upland dry, wet floodplain, subalpine, alpine), alpine tundra, and mountain shrubland communities. The communities were not evenly sampled, with more redundancy in some types than in others. Using PCA, it was possible to reveal the few morphotypes most responsible for distinguishing different communities, e.g., low conical rondels, rondel sum, long cell sum, lanceolate cells with massive base, and bulliform cell sum.
Evaluation of nonparametric tree models for predicting the scour depth of bridge piers
Authors: Dalvand R. , Komasi M.
Published: December 2019

One of the main causes of damage to bridges, especially during flood event is the scour around the bridge. Determination of the depth of scour around the bridge piers plays a very important role in designing the bridges against this destructive factor. The complexity of the bridge scour and the effects of different parameters on its estimation more clearly reveal the necessity of using a nonlinear and comprehensive model in this field. In this present study, decision tree models, as nonparametric models, are used to estimate the scour depth. Furthermore, the statistics of different bridges and four tree methods are used. The data used to train and test decision trees including flow the velocity of upstream, the median grain size, flow depth, and the pier width, the skew of the pier to approach flow, the length of the pier, the grain size of bed material for which 84 percent is finer, a multiplying factor, input variables, and the depth of scour as output in the model. 75% of the available data is used for model training and the remaining 25% for testing. The results show that among the four models (CART, C5, QUEST, CHAID) examined, C5 model, considering the comparison of the root mean square error parameters and the coefficient of determination, is more accurate in computing the scour depth of the bridge, the amount coefficients of determination in this model is in training and testing steps are 0.92 and 0.76, as well as the mean square error values of the error is 0.56 and 0.72 respectively. Furthermore, the results reveal the QUEST model does not have a proper accuracy in scour depth estimation. Furthermore, the analysis of the models shows flow depth, the flow velocity in the upstream have the greatest effect on the scour depth.
Effect of the cultivation of legumes on the dynamics of sod-podzolic soil fertility rate
Authors: Karbivska U. M. , Butenko A. O. , Onichko V. I. , Masik I. M. , Hlupak Z. I. , Danylchenko O. M. , Klochkova T. I. , Ihnatieva O. L.
Published: December 2019

The effect of cultivation of legumes on the fertility rate of sod-podzolic surface-gleyed soil has been investigated. Based on the obtained results it has been found that on average, during the years of cultivation, the fertilizer factor with a percentage of 62% turns out to be more influential in terms of yield obtained from 1 ha of dry mass. The highest nutrient content is observed on the alfalfa variant: alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen-80.4 mg/kg of soil, mobile phosphorus-81.5 mg/kg of soil and exchangeable potassium-77.3 mg/kg of soil.
Study of some demographic parameters of Bactrocera (Dacus oleae); Test of a new food attractant in a trapping method
Authors: Achouche A. , Abbassi F. , Benzahra A. , Djazouli Z.
Published: December 2019

This study focuses on the observation of changes in the demographic parameters of olive fly over time in two regions, Mitidja and Mezghana region, the method consists in identifying certain biotic and abiotic factors that can play a role on the variations of these parameters; on the other hand we tested new food attractiveness in a trapping method. The Results showed that the demographic parameters (emergence, parasitism and mortality) are influenced by the year and by the region factor with a very high emergence rate above 50%; On the other hand, the rate of parasitism remains low with a maximum value of 33.23% recorded in Mezghenna, regarding nymphal mortality the maximum value is recorded in Chebacheb with 26.44%. Furthermore, the study of the efficiency of nitrogen fertiliser (Urea 46 unit) on the catches of adults showed us that the best concentration of attraction is 6%; on the other hand, the yellow color of the traps positively influences the catches of Bactroceraoleae.
The feasibility of reducing yield gap by improving crop management
Authors: Fateh H. , Toube A. , Gholipuri A. Q. , Djazouli Z.
Published: December 2019

An appropriate solution to increase crop production is to improve production per unit area. Reconsiderations are, therefore, necessary in various agricultural systems and their production potential. To evaluate agronomic factors affecting crop yield and feasibility of reducing wheat yield gap, a questionnaire was developed in terms of yield-affecting management factors. For this purpose, data of most important factors affecting wheat yield were recorded from farmers sampled from different parts of Piranshahr, a southern city in West Azerbaijan province, Iran. The results showed that the management applied throughout the season had a significant effect on wheat yield. The lands with more than three hectares, flat, and northward with loam-clay soil texture yielded relatively higher crop. The yields were also higher in the lands plowed in March and August with a three-plough moldboard connected to a four-cylinder Ferguson tractor, flattened using a trowel, and rotated with fallow and pea. The use of phosphate (100-150 kg ha−1), potash, and micro fertilizers, as well as 100-150 kg of urea (50 kg in spring and 50 kg in autumn) led to increased yield. The use of Granstar (60 g) and 1.0 L of 2, 4-D separately, and 0.5 L of a pesticide resulted in a better seed yield. Harvesting of wheat in July 15-25 using Hyundai and 130k combines resulted in higher yields. The percentages of studied managements, including land characteristics, planting, growing, and harvesting in wheat fields were 13, 35, 27, and 25 percent, respectively.
Agro-ecological and biological aspects of the components selection for mixed sowings of forage crops
Authors: Poltoretskyi S. , Prikhodko V. , Poltoretska N. , Prokopenko E. , Demydas H.
Published: December 2019

Analytical review of domestic and foreign literary sources concerning ecological-and-biological features of the components choosing of mixed corn sowings with high-protein crops for the formation of the highest yields of high-qualitative fodders is given. As a result of the conducted analysis it was found that scientists do not have a common opinion regarding the optimal variety composition of the mixtures when growing for forage. However, the mixed sowings of corn with high-protein components compared with single-crop sowings can provide higher yields of herbage and getting of digestible protein. At the same time, compatible sowing contributes to the improvement of growth processes of all crops under optimizing of water and nutrient soil regimes, light and temperature conditions and photosynthesis processes by above-ground mass of plants.
The influence of the environment on microbiological parameters of snails’ meat
Authors: Danilova I. , Danilova T.
Published: December 2019

Among the problems of hygiene of food products special attention is paid to the prophylaxis of human illnesses which occur as a result of the use of such quite exotic product as snails’ meat that can be affected by microflora, as well as to the improvement of hygienical conditions of breeding, transporting and processing of meat. Microorganisms get to the organism of snails systematically and their presence confirms certain mechanism of infection of gastropods molluscs and in such way characterizes the object from the point of view of potential danger. Food product including snails’ meat is a favourable medium for their development. In order to prevent the development of microorganisms it is necessary to minimize or to limit the influence of the factors of environment on the organism of snails. Air, soil and water belong to such factors. At certain conditions pathogenic microbes get to the intestines of snails from the environment and can penetrate to other organs and muscles. As a result, meat from such snails is of low quality and biodegradable. It was determined in the conducted research that for snails breeding it is necessary to minimize negative influence of environmental factors of air, soil and water. In the premises where snails are kept when it is cold the amount of dust and consequently the amount of microorganisms depends on the way of premises cleaning, organiation of production process, application and efficiency of ventilation, etc. Contamination of snails, and therefore, of prepared products by microflora leads not only to considerable economic loss but also can become a reason of getting of poisonous substances and pathogenic bacteria to the human organism that cause serious diseases which can be dangerous for life.
Specific anosmia in humans and animals: Environmental and genetic influences
Authors: Klyuchnikova M. A. , Voznessenskaya V. V.
Published: December 2019

Olfaction plays a very important role across the lifespan of most mammalian species, including humans. Being the oldest, chemical communication is one of the least understood forms of communication due in part to the difficulty of detecting and measuring the chemicals in a sample. The ability to detect chemicals in the environment serves many functions. Individuals with specific anosmia, or “odor blindness”, have significantly increased olfactory thresholds to particular odorants though they show normal general olfactory acuity. Hereby we review research on specific anosmia in humans, factors that may affect individual variation in olfaction as well as animal models of specific anosmia. Variability in sensitivity to odorants is influenced by genotype, age, gender, individual olfactory experience and environmental cues. Large data pile from human and animal studies suggests that not all factors are determined yet. The possibility of induction of olfactory sensitivity to biologically relevant chemical cues is discussed. Olfactory plasticity determines the adaptability of the species to the environment. Mechanisms that underlie the induction of sensitivity to the odorants still to be elucidated.
Modeling of Winter Hardiness Formation in Winter Wheat Plants
Authors: Polevoy A. N. , Blyshchyk D. V. , Feoktistov P. A.
Published: December 2019

A dynamic model of the formation of winter hardiness of winter wheat plants during the autumn period of vegetation, which describes the growth processes, plant development and the passing of the two phases of the autumnal hardening under the effect of agrometeo-rological conditions in autumn, was developed. Effects of intensity of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), sunlight levels, air temperature and soil moisture on the increment of reserves of photosynthesis products and soluble carbohydrates in winter wheat plants are described. The results of numerical experiments showed a significant influence of intensity of sunlight levels and air temperature on the passing of two phases of hardening during autumnal period of vegetation of winter wheat plants.
Morphological and ecological-biological evaluation of the decorative species of the genus Lupinus L.
Authors: Pantsyreva H.
Published: December 2019

The article describes the characteristics of decorative species of the genus Lupinus L. in the course of introductory studies on the basis of experienced exhibition areas of the Botanical Garden «Podillya» of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University. An analysis of the species composition of the genus Lupinus L. has been carried out and the prospects of their use for landscaping of various objects of the Podillya area have been determined. In order to differentiate plants in accordance with the scope of their possible use, the morphometric indices of the most promising representatives of this genus are given. It has been established that all investigated species are of interest as potentially valuable objects for enrichment of assortment of domestic ornamental plants. It is established that natural possibilities of representatives of the genus Lupinus L., plasticity to change their life form, high quality by the aggregate of characteristics that determine their decorative character, characterizes the investigated plants as a source for introducing and enriching the range of decorative cultures in Ukraine. Thus, the introduction of representatives of the genus Lupinus L. will enable to significantly expand the range of ornamental plants and enrich the cultivated flora of the Podillya region and Ukraine as a whole.
Influence of iron (IV) clathrochelate complexon quail blood parameters and weight characteristics
Authors: Dukhnitsky V. B. , Derkach I. M. , Derkach S. S. , Fritsky I. O. , Plutenko M. O.
Published: December 2019

We studied the chronic toxicity of the compounds of Iron(iv). We monitored the dynamics of the body weight, relative weight coefficients of the internal organs, the content of the hemoglobin, the morphological parameters of blood, and biochemical parameters of serum of blood of quails after use of Iron(IV) clathrochelate complexes at the doses 1/10 and 1/5 DL50 them for 30 days. Daily drinking of quails of experimental groups of solution of Iron(IV) clathrochelate complexes3 at the doses 76.43 and 152.86 mg/kg of body weight caused the reduction of body weight by 3 and 5% respectively on the thirtieth day. A tendency to increase the relative weight of the kidneys and to decrease the relative weight of the liver, heart and spleen showed an excessive load of Iron(IV) clathrochelate complexes on the internal organs of quails. Hemoglobin in the blood of the quails of the experimental groups was less by 2-34% (P 0.05) than the control indicator but the indicator of the number of erythrocytes in the quails of the control and experimental groups for 30 days was within the physiological values. The use of Iron(IV) clathrochelate complexes caused the development of hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, and short-term hypoglycemia in the serum of the blood of the quails of the experimental groups. Changes in an activity of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase for 30 days were not expressed, but the activity of alkaline phosphatase was significantly higher compared to the control indicators during the experimental period. Drinking the solution of Iron(IV) clathrochelate complexes caused hypercreatinemia and hyperuricemia, which indicates a decrease in the filtration capacity of the kidney glomeruli. We have seen an increase in the levels total Calcium and inorganic Phosphorus.
Restoration, archiving, and digitalization of the Museum collections (The case of Zoological Collections, Georgian National Museum)
Authors: Pkhakadze V. , Tsintsadze V. , Tsotselia M. , Snegovaya N. , Giorgobiani N. , Intskirveli M. , Datunashvili A. , Datunashvili N. , Tvalchrelidze Z. , Svanadze S.
Published: December 2019

The paper presents a pilot case of scientific revision and inventory process in the zoological collection of the Georgian National
Museum (Tbilisi). By the special decree of the President of Georgia, the Georgian National Museum was established in 2004.
Unifying fifteen museums, the National Gallery and two scientific centers it is the largest museum complex in the country. Its zoological collection is one of the oldest in Caucasia. Among them are endemic, relict, and other rare species protected by international conventions, and many are listed as endangered or deleted species in Georgia. Considering their importance, age and overall condition of the objects and documentation the reorganization of zoological collections was started as a pilot case in rehabilitation and cataloguing of GNM collections. Complete collections of Arachnidae (Opiliones) were studied and organized; Species of the family of Trogulidae, Nemastomatidae, Sclerosomatidae, Phalangiidae, order Harvestmen (Opiliones) from the class Arachnida, have been identified. There were in total 31 Harvestmen species from 4 families (Trogulidae, Nemastomatidae, Sclerosomatidae, and Phalangiidae) identified. One species of which - Odiellus zacariensis Mkheidze, 1952, is new for Azerbaijan fauna and four species: Trogulus rossicus Silhavy, 1968, Opilio sylvestris Snegovaya 2010, Opilio caucasicus Snegovaya 2010, Opilio nabozhenkoi Snegovaya 2010 are new for the fauna of Georgia. Also two new species: Rilaena kelbajarica Snegovaya et Pkhakadze, 2014 and Phalangium mcheidzeae, Snegovaya, 2014 [5-6] have been described. Museums today aim to become a platform for developing and spreading scientific knowledge. Based on different collections: art, anthropology, archaeology, natural history etc. � they become unique catalysers for interdisciplinary studies. Object-based scientific collections can open new areas of research across different disciplines. In this regard management of museum collections, information about them and making it accessible for scholars of different research fields and countries is a main task for a modern museum. Therefore, it is crucial to systematize the objects and collections, create new knowledge in collaboration with the academia and museum professionals internationally and promote the scientific knowledge for broader audience. The outcomes of the study will enhance the process of integration of GNM collections in international museum system and academia.
Influence of seasonal factors on carp fish immune reactivity
Authors: Rudenko O. P. , Paranyak R. P. , Kovalchuk N. A. , Kit L. P. , Hranovich N. I. , Gutyj B. V. , Kalyn B. M. , Sukhorska P. P. , Butsiak A. A. , Kropyvka S. I. , Petruniv V. V. , Kovalska L. M.
Published: December 2019

The article presents data about influence of seasonal factors on immune reactivity in carp scaly, carp framey, and carp. We studied the blood that was taken from the heart of fish in different seasons: spring (May), summer (August) and autumn (October). The research was carried out at the Lviv department of the Institute of Fisheries of the National Academy of Agrarian Science, Velykyj Ljubin in three groups of two-year-old fish. The received data give reason to think that the number of T- and B-lymphocytes in the blood of carp fish and their functional activity to a large extent depends on the influence of seasonal factors (temperature of the medium, oxygen concentration, duration of light day). This is points to the probable increase in the number of T-lymphocytes (common, active, theophylline-sensitive and theophylline-resistant) and a decrease in B-lymphocytes in the blood of investigated fish in the summer and, especially in the autumn period of research. In this case, an increase in the functional activity of T-lymphocytes was revealed due to the redistribution of the receptor apparatus of the immunocompetent cells. In particular, a reduction in the number of blood of inactive T-lymphocytes in functionally and an increase in cells with low and medium receptor density. Regarding the degree of differentiation of B-lymphocytes, the decrease in their amount in the blood of the studied individuals occurred due to the increase of “zero” and low-conductivity EAS-RUL and reduction of the subpopulation with average receptor density. We suggested that the abiotic factors can modulate the immune response of carp fish.