bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with the longer-term unmet supportive care needs of stroke survivors in Ethiopia: a multicentre cross-sectional study
Authors: Tamrat Edna Gebremichael , Gufue Zenawi Hagos , Getachew Sefonias , Yifru Yared Mamushet , Gizaw Muluken
Published: February 2022

Objectives

To assess the magnitude of the longer-term unmet supportive care needs and associated factors among adult stroke survivors.

Design

Institutional-based multicentre cross-sectional study.

Setting

Between 1 March 2020 and 31 May 2020, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Participants

Adult stroke survivors (aged ≥18 years, n=422), diagnosed with a stroke at least 6 months before the study period and who started regular follow-up at the neurology outpatient clinics in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Main outcome measures

Self-reported longer-term supportive care needs.

Results

Two hundred and twenty-six (53.6%) stroke survivors had longer-term unmet supportive care needs, and 196 (46.4%) survivors had no longer-term unmet supportive care needs. Information need about stroke was reported by 416 (98.6%), and how to travel on public transportation was reported by 340 (80.6%) survivors. These were the most frequently reported unmet needs. Stroke survivors’ longer-term unmet supportive care needs were significantly associated with being hypertensive with (adjusted OR (AOR) 4.59; 95% CI 2.61 to 8.07), having heart disease with (AOR 1.94; 95% CI 1.19 to 3.82), moderate and above level of disability according to the modified Rankin Scale score with (AOR 26.4; 95% CI 8.61 to 80.92) and unable to use the physiotherapy service with (AOR 2.85; 95% CI of 1.63 to 4.99).

Conclusions

There are significant longer-term unmet supportive care needs among adult stroke survivors. The factors associated with longer-term unmet supportive care needs were; having comorbidities, moderate and above level of disability according to the modified Rankin Scale score and unable to use the physiotherapy service. The development of appropriate services to address the longer-term unmet supportive care needs of stroke survivors is warranted.
Development of an algorithm to classify primary care electronic health records of alcohol consumption: experience using data linkage from UK Biobank and primary care electronic health data sources
Authors: Fraile-Navarro David , Azcoaga-Lorenzo Amaya , Agrawal Utkarsh , Jani Bhautesh , Fagbamigbe Adeniyi , Currie Dorothy , Baldacchino Alexander , Sullivan Frank
Published: February 2022

Objectives

Develop a novel algorithm to categorise alcohol consumption using primary care electronic health records (EHRs) and asses its reliability by comparing this classification with self-reported alcohol consumption data obtained from the UK Biobank (UKB) cohort.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

The UKB, a population-based cohort with participants aged between 40 and 69 years recruited across the UK between 2006 and 2010.

Participants

UKB participants from Scotland with linked primary care data.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

Create a rule-based multiclass algorithm to classify alcohol consumption reported by Scottish UKB participants and compare it with their classification using data present in primary care EHRs based on Read Codes. We evaluated agreement metrics (simple agreement and kappa statistic).

Results

Among the Scottish UKB participants, 18 838 (69%) had at least one Read Code related to alcohol consumption and were used in the classification. The agreement of alcohol consumption categories between UKB and primary care data, including assessments within 5 years was 59.6%, and kappa was 0.23 (95% CI 0.21 to 0.24). Differences in classification between the two sources were statistically significant (p<0.001); More individuals were classified as ‘sensible drinkers’ and in lower alcohol consumption levels in primary care records compared with the UKB. Agreement improved slightly when using only numerical values (k=0.29; 95% CI 0.27 to 0.31) and decreased when using qualitative descriptors only (k=0.18;95% CI 0.16 to 0.20).

Conclusion

Our algorithm classifies alcohol consumption recorded in Primary Care EHRs into discrete meaningful categories. These results suggest that alcohol consumption may be underestimated in primary care EHRs. Using numerical values (alcohol units) may improve classification when compared with qualitative descriptors.
Development of the CLARIFY (CheckList stAndardising the Reporting of Interventions For Yoga) guidelines: a Delphi study
Authors: Ward Lesley , Nault Daryl , Cramer Holger , Moonaz Steffany
Published: February 2022

Background

The use of yoga as a therapeutic modality is increasing; however, a lack of transparent intervention reporting is restricting the dissemination and implementation of yoga research into clinical and community practice. The aim of this study was to develop a yoga-specific reporting guideline as an extension to existing reporting guidelines for randomised controlled trials, observational studies and case reports.

Methods

Recognised international stakeholders in the design and conduct of yoga research were invited to contribute to the electronic Delphi survey. A four-round Delphi was conducted, whereby panellists rated selected items for their importance in the inclusion of yoga reporting guidelines, according to a 5-step Likert scale. A priori consensus for item inclusion was agreement of items as ‘Very important’ or ‘Extremely important’ by ≥80% of panellists. Non-consensus items were forwarded to subsequent rounds for re-rating.

Results

53 experts in yoga research from 11 countries, primarily identifying as researchers (50%), allied health professionals (18.8%) and yoga professionals (12.5%), consented to participate in the Delphi. Of these, 48 completed Round 1 (91%), 43 completed Round 2 (81%), 39 completed Round 3 (74%) and 32 completed Round 4 (60%). Panellists reached consensus for inclusion on 21 items, grouped under 10 domains reflective of more generic intervention-based guidelines.

Conclusions

The consensus-based 21-item CLARIFY (CheckList stAndardising the Reporting of Interventions For Yoga) checklist provides a minimum reporting template for researchers across a range of methodology designs. Use of these yoga-specific guidelines, in conjunction with the CLARIFY explanation and elaboration guidelines, will standardise the minimum level of detail required for transparent yoga intervention, facilitating the replication, dissemination and implementation of yoga research. Ongoing research will assess the uptake and impact of CLARIFY, to ensure these guidelines retain their relevance to the internationally growing field of yoga research.
Relationship between sociodemographics, healthcare providers’ competence and healthcare access among two-spirit, gay, bisexual, queer and other men who have sex with men in Manitoba: results from a community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Souleymanov Rusty , Star Jared , McLeod Albert , Amjad Sana , Moore Samantha , Campbell Christopher , Lorway Robert , Payne Michael , Ringaert Laurie , Larcombe Linda , Restall Gayle , Migliardi Paula , Magwood Bryan , Lachowsky Nathan J , Brennan David J , Sharma Uday Norbert
Published: February 2022

Objective

Little is known about barriers to healthcare access for two-spirit, gay, bisexual and queer (2SGBQ+) men in Manitoba.

Design

Data were drawn from a community-based, cross-sectional survey designed to examine health and healthcare access among 2SGBQ+ men.

Setting

Community-based cross-sectional study in Manitoba, Canada.

Participants

Community-based sample of 368 2SGBQ+ men.

Outcomes

Logistic regression analyses assessed the relationship between sociodemographics, healthcare discrimination, perceived healthcare providers’ 2SGBQ+ competence/knowledge and two indicators of healthcare access (analytic outcome variables): (1) having a regular healthcare provider and (2) having had a healthcare visit in the past 12 months.

Results

In multivariate analyses, living in Brandon (adjusted OR (AOR)=0.08, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.22), small cities (AOR=0.20, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.98) and smaller towns (AOR=0.26, 95% CI 0.08 o 0.81) in Manitoba (compared with living in Winnipeg), as well as having a healthcare provider with poor (AOR=0.19, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.90) or very poor competence/knowledge (AOR=0.03, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.25) of 2SGBQ+ men’s issues (compared with very good competence) was associated with lower odds of having a regular healthcare provider. Living in Brandon (AOR=0.05, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.17) and smaller towns (AOR=0.25, 95% CI 0.67 to 0.90) in Manitoba (compared with living in Winnipeg) was associated with lower odds of having a healthcare visit in the past 12 months, while identifying as a gay man compared with bisexual (AOR=12.57, 95% CI 1.88 to 83.97) was associated with higher odds of having a healthcare visit in the past 12 months.

Conclusions

These findings underscore the importance of reducing the gap between the healthcare access of rural and urban 2SGBQ+ men, improving healthcare providers’ cultural competence and addressing their lack of knowledge of 2SGBQ+ men’s issues.
Effect of large-scale disasters on bystander-initiated cardiopulmonary resuscitation in family-witnessed, friend-witnessed and colleague-witnessed out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected, nationwide, population-based data
Authors: Ushimoto Tomoyuki , Takada Kohei , Yamashita Akira , Morita Hideki , Wato Yukihiro , Inaba Hideo
Published: February 2022

Importance

The effect of large-scale disasters on bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (BCPR) performance is unknown.

Objective

To investigate whether and how large-scale earthquake and tsunami as well as subsequent nuclear pollution influenced BCPR performance for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) witnessed by family and friends/colleagues.

Design and setting

Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected, nationwide, population-based data for OHCA cases.

Participants

From the nationwide OHCA registry recorded between 11 March 2010 and 1 March 2013, we extracted 74 684 family-witnessed and friend/colleague-witnessed OHCA cases without prehospital physician involvement.

Exposure

Earthquake and tsunamis that were followed by nuclear pollution and largely affected the social life of citizens for at least 24 weeks.

Main outcome and measure

Neurologically favourable outcome after 1 month, 1-month survival and BCPR.

Methods

We analysed the 4-week average trend of BCPR rates in the years affected and before and after the disaster. We used univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to investigate whether these disasters affected BCPR and OHCA results.

Results

Multivariable logistic regression for tsunami-affected prefectures revealed that the BCPR rate during the impact phase in 2011 was significantly lower than that in 2010/2012 (42.5% vs 48.2%; adjusted OR; 95% CI 0.82; 0.68 to 0.99). A lower level of bystander compliance with dispatcher-assisted CPR instructions (62.1% vs 69.5%, 0.72; 95% CI 0.57 to 0.92) in the presence of a preserved level of voluntary BCPR performance (23.6% vs 23.8%) was also observed. Both 1-month survival and neurologically favourable outcome rates during the impact phase in 2011 were significantly poorer than those in 2010/2012 (8.5% vs 10.7%, 0.72; 95% CI 0.52 to 0.99, 4.0% vs 5.2%, 0.62; 95% CI 0.38 to 0.98, respectively).

Conclusion and relevance

A large-scale disaster with nuclear pollution influences BCPR performance and clinical outcomes of OHCA witnessed by family and friends/colleagues. Basic life-support training leading to voluntary-initiated BCPR might serve as preparedness for disaster and major accidents.
Active travel behaviour in the family environment: protocol for the mixed-methods cross-sectional ARRIVE study
Authors: Reimers Anne Kerstin , Marzi Isabel , Beck Franziska , Engels Eliane , Renninger Denise , Buttazzoni Adrian , Krieger Claus , Demetriou Yolanda
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Active travel is an important source of physical activity and a primary contributor to overall health among adolescents. To understand and promote active travel behaviour in adolescents, developing a more robust understanding of the predictors of active travel and its associated decision-making processes is needed. Situated within a theoretical socioecological framework for adolescent travel behaviour, the mixed-methods Active tRavel behavioR in the famIly enVironmEnt study aims to quantitatively assess the influence of several predictors of adolescent travel behaviour, and to qualitatively understand the associated decision-making processes of both adolescents and parents.

Methods and analysis

Our mixed-methods approach will feature online surveys and semistructured interviews. The online questionnaire, developed in accordance with a theoretical framework of adolescent active travel, will examine adolescent travel behaviour with respect to four different destinations while controlling for multiple relevant individual, social and physical environment factors. To enable the comparison of adolescent and parental perspectives, the questionnaire will be answered by a representative sample of German adolescents (11–15 years old) and their parents.

Our semistructured interviews, likewise framed based on the central tenets of the theoretical framework of adolescent active travel, will seek to explore the decision-making process of families regarding travel mode choice via conducting interviews with each member (ie, father, mother, adolescent). To investigate travel decision-making processes, adolescents and their parents will be invited to talk about trips they undertook using both active and passive transport modes during the last week. Thematic analyses will be conducted to highlight the central concerns, priorities and values of participants’ decision-making processes.

Ethics and dissemination

This study has received ethical approval from the ethics commission of the Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg. Study results will be disseminated at scientific conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals. Additionally, study findings will be made publicly available to relevant health, policy, and research stakeholders and groups.
Patient experiences of co-designed rehabilitation interventions: protocol for a rapid review
Authors: McKercher Jonathan P , Slade Susan C , Jazayeri Jalal , Hodge Anita , Knight Matthew , Green Janet , Woods Jeffrey , Morris Meg E
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Patient-centred care can be facilitated by co-design, which refers to collaboration between healthcare professionals and consumers in producing and implementing healthcare. Systematic reviews on co-design have mainly focused on the effectiveness of co-produced healthcare interventions. Less attention has been directed towards the experiences of patients in co-designed interventions. This rapid review aims to explore patient experiences of co-designed rehabilitation interventions and inform rehabilitation decision-making.

Methods and analysis

A rapid review will expedite timely information on co-design experiences for stakeholders. Four electronic databases, including Cochrane CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase and CINAHL, will be searched for papers published from 1 January 2000 to 1 January 2022. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool will be used for randomised trials. Critical appraisal checklists from The Joanna Briggs Institute shall evaluate the risk of bias of non-randomised trials and qualitative studies. A narrative synthesis will be provided for the quantitative studies. Thematic synthesis will be conducted on qualitative findings. The overall strength of the evidence will be measured using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework for quantitative investigations and the GRADE-Confidence in Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative Research for qualitative studies. The results will be presented using narrative summaries, identified themes, summary tables, flow charts and quantitative statistical analyses.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethics approval is not required for the review. The protocol and rapid review will be submitted to an online, open access and peer-reviewed journal for publication. The review findings will be rapidly translated to consumers, clinicians, healthcare leaders, organisations, researchers and policy makers via publications, evidence summaries, conferences, workshops, websites, social media and online events.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42021264547.
Model of delivery of cancer care in South Africa’s Eastern Cape and Mpumalanga provinces: a situational analysis protocol
Authors: Chitha Wezile , Swartbooi Buyiswa , Jafta Zukiswa , Funani Itumeleng , Maake Kedibone , Hongoro Danleen , Godlimpi Lizo , Mnyaka Onke R , Williams Natasha , Buthi Lazola , Kuseni Sibulelo , Zungu Christopher , Sibulawa Siyabonga , Mavimbela Awam , Giwu Olona , Mabunda Sikhumbuzo A , Essel Vivien
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Cancer contributes to a significant proportion of morbidity and mortality globally. Low-income and middle-income countries such as South Africa tend to be characterised by poor and inequitable access to cancer services. Cancer resources are more likely to be found in urban areas, tertiary centres and quaternary hospitals. However, little is known about the linkages to care, continuity of care and packages of cancer care in rural South African settings. This study describes cancer service delivery for South Africa’s Eastern Cape and Mpumalanga provinces.

Methods and analysis

A mixed-methods qualitative and quantitative research methods of three substudies which include semistructured interviews with patients, focus group discussions with health providers and a quantitative record review that will be carried out at both Rob Ferreira hospital, Witbank hospital and Nelson Mandela Academic hospital in Mpumalanga and Eastern Cape province, respectively. Instruments assess demographic characteristics, explore packages of cancer care, explore challenges experienced by health professionals, and maps out the referral pathway of patients with a cancer diagnosis in the study sites. Numerical, quantitative data will be explored for normality using the Shapiro-Wilk test and reported using either the mean, SD and range or the median and IQR depending on the normality of the distribution. Qualitative data will be analysed using the phenomenological approach.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethics approval was obtained from the Human Research Ethics Committee of Walter Sisulu University (040/2020) and the University of the Witwatersrand (M210211), South Africa. To the research team’s knowledge, this is the first study presenting the model of cancer delivery in South Africa’s Eastern Cape and Mpumalanga province. This will thus provide better understanding of cancer service delivery systems, packages of cancer care from primary care to quaternary care.
Mitochondrial DNA methyltransferases and their regulation under freezing and dehydration stresses in the freeze-tolerant wood frog, Rana sylvatica
Authors: Singh Gurjit , Storey Kenneth B.
Published: February 2022

Wood frogs are a few vertebrate species that can survive whole-body freezing. Multiple adaptations support this, including cryoprotectant production (glucose), metabolic rate depression, and selective changes in gene and protein expression to activate pro-survival pathways. The role of DNA methylation machinery (DNA methyltransferases, DNMTs) in regulating nuclear gene expression to support freezing survival has already been established. However, a comparable role for DNMTs in the mitochondria has not been explored in wood frogs. We examined the mitochondrial protein levels of DNMT-1, DNMT-3A, DNMT-3B, and DNMT-3L as well as mitochondrial DNMT activity in the liver and heart to assess the involvement of DNMT in the survival of freezing and dehydration stresses (cellular dehydration being a component of freezing). Our results showed stress- and tissue-specific responses to mitochondrial DNMT-1 in the liver and heart, respectively. During 24 h of freezing and whole-body dehydration, we observed an overall downregulation of mitochondrial DNMT-1, a major protein involved in maintaining methylation levels related to its role in the selective transcription of mitochondrial genes as well as antioxidant response. Tissue-specific responses of protein levels of DNMT-3A, DNMT-3B, DNMT-3L, and DNMT activity in the liver suggested a preference for a higher methylation state in the liver under both freezing and dehydration stress, but not in the heart.
Constraints on the age of Archaeozoon acadiense and evidence for hydrothermally transported zircon in the Ashburn Formation (Green Head Group), Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
Authors: Davis Donald W. , Barr Sandra M. , White Chris E.
Published: February 2022

Zircon grains from metasiltstone beds in the Precambrian Ashburn Formation were dated to constrain the age of the stromatolite Archaeozoon acadiense. The largest group of analyzed grains consists of mostly well-rounded detrital zircon no younger than 1060 Ma with significant peaks at about 1200–1100, 1500, 1800, 2050, and 2700 Ma, as well as a few Mesoarchean ages. A second population of apparently euhedral grains gives ages in the range 680–400 Ma. The distribution of detrital zircon ages along with field relationships suggest that the Ashburn and Martinon formations are proximal and distal parts of the Green Head Group, respectively, and hence a previously reported maximum depositional age of ca. 602 ± 8 Ma for the Martinon Formation also applies to stromatolite in the Ashburn Formation. Paleozoic zircon recovered from the Ashburn Formation cannot be detrital because the rocks were intruded and contact metamorphosed by the Golden Grove Plutonic Suite at ca. 550–525 Ma. The Paleozoic zircon grains were found in four independently processed samples and have also been seen in other studies in the region, showing that they are not due to laboratory contamination. Zircon formed during younger magmatic activity may have been transported in hydrothermal fluids and emplaced into these metasedimentary rocks in veins. A single euhedral zircon recovered from an atypically thick vein gave an age of 659 ± 33 Ma. Hydrothermally transported zircon might provide a window into younger igneous processes for which evidence is not otherwise preserved in this and other areas.
Effects of artificial nitrogen deposition on the forest floor and soil chemistry in chestnut-leaved oak (Quercus castaneifolia) plantation in northern Iran
Authors: Nouraei Azam , Jalilvand Hamid , Hojjati Seyed Mohammad , Schleppi Patrick , Alavi Seyed Jalil
Published: February 2022

Human demand for food and energy has led to significant changes in the level of reactive nitrogen (N) released to the atmosphere and then deposited in the biosphere. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the deposition of artificial N on the forest floor and on the soil chemical properties in an oak (Quercus castaneifolia C.A. Mey.) plantation in northern Iran. Twelve plots of 200 m2 (20 m × 10 m) were set up in the study area. Four N treatments were considered: zero (control), 50 (low), 100 (medium), and 150 (high) kg N·ha−1·year−1. N in the form of NH4NO3 solution was manually sprayed onto the understory plots monthly for 1 year. The total N, phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and organic carbon (OC) of the forest floor were measured. Soil N, available P, available K, pH, EC (electrical conductivity), OC, microbial biomass C (MBC), and urease enzyme activity were measured in the 0–10 cm depth. The concentration of total N and P of the forest floor was significantly higher in the high-N treatment. The total concentration of N (+36%), the urease activity (+44%), and EC (+12%) of soil increased with raising the high-N treatment compared to the control, but the MBC (−20%), available P (−28%), and available K (−15%) were significantly reduced in the high-N treatment. Our results were obtained with simulated deposition rates that exceed ambient fluxes, but ambient N deposition is nevertheless high in our study area.
Photo-Assisted High Efficiency Low-Cost Hydrogen Generation
Authors: Wang Wei , Lu Dongping , Shao Yuyan , Huang Qian , Yan Litao
Published: February 2022

Capturing solar energy for efficient hydrogen generation is a sustainable technology strategy for renewable energy storage and application. However, its practical deployment for distributed hydrogen generation is hindered due to the limits of low efficiency of single photocatalyst and gas crossover/mixing. Here we report a prototype of integrated device design by incorporating a photocatalytic regeneration cell with a redox flow cell through the linkage of redox mediator for high efficiency and low-cost hydrogen production. The redox mediator ions are continuously regenerated through photochemical reduction provide electrons for subsequent H2 production in either continuous or intermittent modes. This novel design enables utilization of single band photocatalyst for high efficient solar harvest, decouple H2 and O2 redox reactions, and possibly lower the cost of H2 generation to less than $2/gge. Figure 1 shows voltage profiles of long term H2 generation for 8hrs operation at a current density of 10 mA/cm2 (black) and mediator concentration change during the process (blue).

Figure 1
Evaluation of a Commercial High-Protein Distiller’s Dried Grain with Solubles (HP-DDGS) Product in the Diet of Juvenile Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Suehs Blaine A. , Gatlin Delbert M.
Published: February 2022

A comparative feeding trial and digestibility determination were conducted to evaluate the nutritional value of a commercial, high-protein distiller’s dried grains with solubles (HP-DDGS) ingredient in the diet of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). For the feeding trial, six diets were formulated to contain 360 g total dietary protein kg-1 and were prepared with incremental levels of protein from the HP-DDGS (0, 75, 150, 225, 300, and 375 g of dietary protein kg-1) replacing protein from fishmeal and soybean meal. Juvenile tilapia (

10.4
 
g
±
0.37

;

average
 
initial
 
weight
±
SD

) were evenly distributed in 24, 38-L aquaria operated as a recirculating system and fed twice daily to apparent satiation throughout the 8-week trial. Nile tilapia exhibited no significant (

P
>
0.05

) differences in weight gain, feed efficiency, condition indices, whole-body proximate composition, or innate immunological responses when fed any DDGS-supplemented diets compared to the control diet. Percent apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of the DDGS product for organic matter, crude protein, and gross energy were 74.8%, 83%, and 82.8%, respectively. Availability values for all amino acids were 89% or greater. Thus, this high-protein DDGS was established as a readily digestible protein feedstuff suitable for replacing soybean meal and fishmeal at up to 375 g of total dietary protein kg-1 in a practical diet for Nile tilapia.
Allocating Defense and Recovery Resources for Spatial Networks against Cascading Failures
Authors: Dong Zhengcheng , Tian Meng
Published: February 2022

This paper proposes the models of allocating defense and recovery resources for spatially embedded networks, respectively, both of which consider the length of links as the allocation cost. In the defense model, the amount of defense resources required for each zone depends on the total length of the links they contain. It is found that dispersed allocation performs better and that parameters that allow for a uniform distribution of link lengths produce better results. In the recovery model, a shortest link hierarchical recovery (HSR) strategy is proposed and proved to be more effective. In this strategy, the number of repaired links plays a decisive role in the recovery results, while the total length of the links does not seem to matter when the number is constant. In addition, a number of different parameters are adopted to validate the qualitative conclusions. These models might yield insights into studying and protecting spatial infrastructure systems.
High-Volume Upcycling of Waste Sediment and Enhancement Mechanisms in Blended Grouting Material
Authors: Zhang Luchen , Jia Xuena , Yang Guanjie , Wang Deming
Published: February 2022

Waste sediment (WS) is a solid waste produced from subway construction. In the present work, high-volume WS was upcycled to prepare grouting material.The results showed that the working performances (consistency, fluidity, setting time, bleeding ratio, and stone ratio)of WS-based grouting material were significantly affected by the mass concentration of solid components, binder to WS ratio, and steel slag addition. This material can meet the engineering requirement by adjusting these parameters. The WS-based grouting material exhibited superior performance compared to traditional grouting materials. It achieved self-leveling (160 mm fluidity) and wassuitable for grouting (consistency within 100-130 mm, 95.0% stone ratio). Amorphous phases were formed in the hardened sample. The addition of a suitable amount of steel slag (10%) can reduce the total porosity, and also promote the hydration degree and increase the mechanical properties of cement matrix.The strength development can be attributed to the formation of hydration products and the cementation between hydrates and sediment particles.
Efficacy of Acupuncture Treatment for Incidence of Poststroke Comorbidities: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Nationalized Cohort Studies
Authors: Wu Li-Kung , Hung Chung-Shan , Kung Yen-Lun , Chen Zhong-Kui , Lin Shinn-Zong , Lin Jaung-Geng , Ho Tsung-Jung
Published: February 2022

Acupuncture has been applied as a complementary therapy in stroke survivors worldwide and approved to be beneficial to stroke recovery. However, there is little medical evidence regarding the association between acupuncture and the risk of poststroke comorbidities. We reviewed big data studies from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database to investigate the risk of poststroke comorbidities after acupuncture treatment in a real-world situation. Ten English (PubMed, Embase, Medline, Cochrane, Alt HealthWatch, CINAHL, Health Source, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, and Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection) and two Chinese (AiritiLibray and Visualizing Health Data) electronic databases were searched from inception until December 2020 for nationalized cohort studies comparing the effects of acupuncture treatment with a nonacupuncture control group among stroke patients. Eight nationalized cohort studies were included. Six of eight studies showed a moderate overall risk of bias, while two studies showed a serious overall risk of bias. Included studies have investigated the effect of acupuncture in reducing the risk of seven medical conditions after stroke, including stroke recurrence, new-onset acute myocardial infarction (AMI), pneumonia, dementia, epilepsy, urinary tract infection (UTI), and depression. The meta-analysis showed clinically significant reductions in the risk of poststroke comorbidities in the acupuncture group compared to the nonacupuncture group (HR, 0.776; 95% CI, 0.719–0.838;

p
<
0.0001

). In this systematic review and meta-analysis of nationalized cohort studies, acupuncture showed clinically relevant benefits in reducing the incidence of poststroke comorbidities, such as stroke recurrence, new-onset acute myocardial infarction (AMI), pneumonia, dementia, epilepsy, and UTI.
AGEs/RAGE Promote Osteogenic Differentiation in Rat Bone Marrow-Derived Endothelial Progenitor Cells via MAPK Signaling
Authors: Wang Yuping , Jiang Chunxia , Shang Zhongming , Qiu Guochun , Yuan Gang , Xu Kaiqiang , Hou Qingchun , He Yanzheng , Liu Yong
Published: February 2022

Systemic vascular impairment is the most common complication of diabetes. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) can exacerbate diabetes-related vascular damage by affecting the intima and media through a variety of mechanisms. In the study, we demonstrated that AGEs and their membrane receptor RAGE could induce the differentiation of EPCs into osteoblasts under certain circumstances, thereby promoting accelerated atherosclerosis. Differentiation into osteoblasts was confirmed by positive staining for DiI-acetylated fluorescently labeled low-density lipoprotein and FITC-conjugated Ulex europaeus agglutinin. During differentiation, expression of receptor for AGE (RAGE) was significantly upregulated. This upregulation was attenuated by transfection with RAGE-targeting small interfering (si)RNA. siRNA-mediated knockdown of RAGE expression significantly inhibited the upregulation of AGE-induced calcification-related proteins, such as runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and osteoprotegerin (OPG). Additional experiments showed that AGE induction of EPCs significantly induced ERK, p38MAPK, and JNK activation. The AGE-induced upregulation of osteoblast proteins (RUNX2 and OPG) was suppressed by treatment with a p38MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) or JNK inhibitor (SP600125), but not by treatment with an ERK inhibitor (PD98059), which indicated that AGE-induced osteoblast differentiation from EPCs may be mediated by p38MAPK and JNK signaling, but not by ERK signaling. These data suggested that AGEs may bind to RAGE on the EPC membrane to trigger differentiation into osteoblasts. The underlying mechanism appears to involve the p38MAPK and JNK1/2 pathways, but not the ERK1/2 pathway.
Intimo-Intimal Intussusception due to Stanford Type A Acute Aortic Dissection Presenting as Cerebral Infarction
Authors: Kono Takanori , Shojima Takahiro , Anegawa Tomoyuki , Otsuka Hiroyuki , Tayama Eiki
Published: February 2022

Complete circumferential dissection is a rare clinical presentation of aortic dissection, wherein the dissected flap has the potential to cause intimo-intimal intussusception, which can lead to several catastrophic complications. We report a case of Stanford type A acute aortic dissection with intimo-intimal intussusception causing unstable cerebral ischemic symptoms. An 82-year-old man was taken to another hospital with severe intermittent dizziness. Head magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple right-hemispheric cerebral infarctions. Computed tomography also showed a “missing flap,” indicating that the intimal flap was observed in the aortic root and arch but not in the ascending aorta. The patient was referred to our hospital for emergent surgery. Intraoperatively, the intimal tear was found to be circumferential, and the transected intima was folded and superimposed from the origin of the brachiocephalic artery to the aortic arch. Ascending aortic replacement and aortic valve replacement were performed; the postoperative course was good.
COVID-19 Detection Based on Lung Ct Scan Using Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Kogilavani S. V. , Prabhu J. , Sandhiya R. , Kumar M. Sandeep , Subramaniam UmaShankar , Karthick Alagar , Muhibbullah M. , Imam Sharmila Banu Sheik
Published: February 2022

SARS-CoV-2 is a novel virus, responsible for causing the COVID-19 pandemic that has emerged as a pandemic in recent years. Humans are becoming infected with the virus. In 2019, the city of Wuhan reported the first-ever incidence of COVID-19. COVID-19 infected people have symptoms that are related to pneumonia, and the virus affects the body’s respiratory organs, making breathing difficult. A real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) kit is used to diagnose the disease. Due to a shortage of kits, suspected patients cannot be treated promptly, resulting in disease spread. To develop an alternative, radiologists looked at the changes in radiological imaging, like CT scans, that produce comprehensive pictures of the body of excellent quality. The suspected patient’s computed tomography (CT) scan is used to distinguish between a healthy individual and a COVID-19 patient using deep learning algorithms. A lot of deep learning methods have been proposed for COVID-19. The proposed work utilizes CNN architectures like VGG16, DeseNet121, MobileNet, NASNet, Xception, and EfficientNet. The dataset contains 3873 total CT scan images with “COVID” and “Non-COVID.” The dataset is divided into train, test, and validation. Accuracies obtained for VGG16 are 97.68%, DenseNet121 is 97.53%, MobileNet is 96.38%, NASNet is 89.51%, Xception is 92.47%, and EfficientNet is 80.19%, respectively. From the obtained analysis, the results show that the VGG16 architecture gives better accuracy compared to other architectures.
Research on Simulation of Distribution Network Engineering Scene Based on 3D GIS Technology
Authors: Wang Qiong , Li Yan
Published: February 2022

With the rapid development of the power system and the increasing complexity of the power grid structure, users’ demand for information-based management of the power distribution network is growing, and the need to improve various power production service standards is becoming increasingly urgent. Geographic information systems (GIS) are a natural combination of geographic and data attributes that are particularly well suited to the management of urban pipeline systems such as distribution and telecommunication networks. This paper discusses the current application characteristics and challenges of 3D GIS in the power system. A 3D graphic analysis model of the power grid and its realization method are proposed using 2D GIS and scene simulation technology combined with object-oriented design method. The problems that exist in current urban distribution facility management are solved in this paper through the effective integration of information construction and distribution facility management, and the goal of refined management is achieved on this basis. More and more complex 3D spatial data can be processed more realistically and intuitively with 3D GIS.
First Report of Jacobsen Syndrome with Dextrocardia Diagnosed with del(11)(q24q25)
Authors: Yalcintepe Sinem , Zhuri Drenushe , Sezginer Guler Hazal , Atli Engin , Demir Selma , Atli Emine Ikbal , Mail Cisem , Gurkan Hakan
Published: February 2022

Jacobsen syndrome is a rare congenital disorder that is caused by the deletion of several genes in chromosome 11. A 10-year-old female with congenital heart disease, dextrocardia, and coarse facial appearance was examined in our medical genetics clinic. Chromosome analysis and array-CGH showed a copy number loss of 9 Mb in the 11q24.2q25 region. Herein, we report her clinical findings. This is the first case of Jacobsen syndrome with dextrocardia.
Basilar Artery Embolism Mimicking Transient Global Amnesia in a 61-Year-Old Female: A Case Report
Authors: Mayerhofer Ernst , Kanz Dirk , Avcil Tuba , Taschner Christian , Strecker Christoph , Niesen Wolf-Dirk
Published: February 2022

Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a self-limiting neurological condition that temporarily affects patients’ ability to access and store memories. So far, its etiology is unknown; however, ischemic origin has been discussed in the past. We present the case of a 61-year-old female with clinical appearance of TGA. MRI and duplex scan revealed punctiform and patchy ischemic lesions in both temporal lobes and right vertebral artery dissection, suggesting basilar artery embolism as the underlying cause. Our case report shows that TGA can be a symptom of ischemic lesions in the hippocampus and patients with presentation of additional focal neurologic symptoms or atypical distribution or appearance of the diffusion-weighted image (multiple/patchy) lesions should get ischemic stroke diagnosis and treatment.
Transient Hyperkalemia Following Treatment of Chronic Hypokalemia: A Case Report and Review of Distal Tubule Physiology
Authors: Breeggemann Matthew C. , Gluck Stephen L.
Published: February 2022

Hypokalemia is a relatively common electrolyte disorder usually resulting from gastrointestinal wasting. Transient hyperkalemia in those treated for hypokalemia has been previously described to occur in 16% of hospitalized patients. The majority of those patients had acute, hospital-acquired hypokalemia. Here, we report a case of a young man with alcohol use disorder and chronic hypokalemia who was hospitalized for muscle weakness, abdominal pain, and intractable emesis. His potassium was 2.5 mEq/L on the day of admission. Four days later, with a creatinine at baseline (0.9 mg/dL), potassium abruptly increased to 6.7 mEq/L. He did not have evidence of hyperaldosteronism. In cases of chronic hypokalemia, we propose that the adaptive mechanisms of the distal tubule with total body potassium deficits require time to revert back to a nonactive state and that transient hyperkalemia may be observed during these “refractory” periods during which potassium supplementation is continued. The time required for disassembly of with no lysine kinases following resolution of hypokalemia is unknown. Hyperkalemia is an important consideration when treating patients with chronic hypokalemia.
O estresse percebido no contexto de distanciamento social pela COVID-19 em estudantes de medicina do Espírito Santo
Authors: Ferreira Jéssica Luchi , Rossi Stephani Vogt , Araujo Kiscila Fernandes , Klein Mylena Pimentel , Miranda Nathália Rodrigues , Campos Valdir Ribeiro
Published: February 2022

Introdução: Estudantes de medicina normalmente convivem com uma carga curricular exaustiva e sobrecarga mental, sendo considerados grupo de risco para doenças relacionadas ao estresse como depressão, insônia e ansiedade. Com o advento da pandemia de COVID-19 no ano de 2020, novas adaptações sociais e educacionais foram impostas, implicando em um cenário de situações estressantes. Desse modo, o estresse percebido pode ser observado na maneira que esse público reagiu junto às cobranças e às distrações fora do ambiente estudantil. Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência do estresse em estudantes de medicina do estado do Espírito Santo como impacto do distanciamento social pela pandemia da COVID-19, além de divulgar os dados para a promoção de medidas de intervenção. Métodos: Estudo descritivo e quantitativo de caráter transversal composto por um questionário autoavaliativo online, composto por características sociodemográficas, condições do aluno no período do distanciamento social e a Escala de Estresse Percebido (PSS-10). Resultados: A amostra deste estudo foi constituída por 137 estudantes, sendo que a prevalência de estresse foi igual a 21,2% (N=29), e do total da amostra 68,6% (N=94) são do gênero feminino. Em relação as variáveis correlacionadas ao estresse, observou–se que alunos que apresentavam estresse pertencem mais ao sexo feminino e não praticam atividade física regularmente. A preocupação com o cenário acadêmico pós-pandêmico e o surgimento do estresse também estão estatisticamente relacionados. Conclusão: Foi constatado uma maior prevalência de estresse entre as mulheres. Além disso, hábitos como prática de atividade física e religiosidade, bem como morar em residência familiar foram considerados fatores protetores para o enfrentamento do estresse.
Prevalência do uso de substâncias psicoativas por estudantes de medicina de uma escola da Bahia, 2018
Authors: Tavares Camila Fagundes , Barbosa Ana Gabriela Lopes , Sacramento Bartira Oliveira , Anjos Tassiana Lima dos , Dias Juarez Pereira
Published: February 2022

Objetivos: Estimar a prevalência do uso de álcool, tabaco e outras substâncias psicoativas entre estudantes de medicina de uma instituição privada em Salvador-Bahia. Métodos: Estudo de prevalência, com amostra probabilística do alunado em 2018. Questionário estruturado com dados demográficos, sociais, econômicos e comportamentais e Alcohol, Smoking and SubstanceInvolvementScreening Test/ASSIST, foram instrumentos de coleta. Resultados:457 estudantes compuseram a amostra, 62,7% feminino. Mediana de idade de 22,0 anos. Autodeclarados heterossexuais, 92,6%; raça/cor da pele branca, 56,3%; com namorado/a fixo/a, 53,7% e católicos,45,2%. Uso de bebidas alcoólicas (89,1%), maconha (36,6%), tabaco (31,5%), inalantes (17,3%) e anfetaminas (12,0%) pelo menos uma vez na vida, foram os mais referidos. Quando utilizado o melhor modelo ajustado, as Razões de Prevalência mantiveram-se estatisticamente significantes para sexo, faixa etária, e orientação sexual. Conclusões: Consumo de tabaco, bebidas alcoólicas e maconha apresentou alta prevalência principalmente entre os homens e indivíduos jovens e baixa para drogas mais potentes, como: hipnóticos, alucinógenos e opioides.
Tuberculose peritoneal e carcinomatose peritoneal: diagnóstico diferencial
Authors: Ignarro Isabella Silvestre , Barbosa Juliana Jangelavicin , Vilaça Beatriz Maria , Delicio Adriane , Seixas Daniela Miti Tsukumo
Published: February 2022

Tuberculose peritoneal é uma doença de difícil diagnóstico e representa cerca de 1-2% das formas desta infecção. Sua apresentação clínica é variada e inespecífica, sendo dor abdominal e febre os achados mais frequentes. Relata-se caso de paciente do sexo feminino, de 48 anos, com ascite, febre e perda ponderal, cujo diagnóstico inicial era câncer de ovário com carcinomatose peritoneal. A investigação adicional com exames laboratoriais e biópsia de omento estabeleceram o diagnóstico de tuberculose peritoneal. Não havia tuberculose pulmonar. Foi feito tratamento específico com resposta satisfatória. O presente trabalho objetiva ressaltar que, dentre as diferentes patologias que acometem o peritônio, a peritonite tuberculosa deve ser um diagnóstico considerado, principalmente na presença de ascite e quadro abdominal inespecífico e discutir os principais achados e a abordagem investigativa.
As políticas de preservação do patrimônio cultural no estado de Minas Gerais: desdobramentos do município de São Sebastião do Paraíso
Authors: Oliveira Lucas Cândido de , Dias Luiz Antonio
Published: February 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as políticas públicas do estado de MinasGerais, que possui diretriz própria para efetivar a identificação de um bemcultural e incentiva os municípios pertencentes a seu território a criar sua legislação específica, com um órgão fiscalizador de proteção ao patrimônio cultural local. A metodologia envolve pesquisa de campo, no decorrer do ano de 2019, em um município do interior mineiro – São Sebastião do Paraíso – que segue as orientações propostas pelo Instituto Estadual do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico de Minas Gerais (IEPHA-MG), órgão responsável pela proteção dos bens culturais no estado.
Espaços científico-culturais e lazer durante a pandemia: análise de nove lives do São Paulo para crianças
Authors: Neves Ana Luiza Cerqueira das , Perão Bárbara de Almeida , Rocha Jéssica Noberto , Massarani Luisa
Published: February 2022

Neste estudo exploratório de caráter qualitativo, buscamos compreender como museus, zoológicos e aquários paulistas dialogaram com seus públicos durante o isolamento social por meio de atividades transmitidas ao vivo durante a fase inicial da quarentena. Em particular, realizamos uma análise de conteúdo das nove lives de espaços científico-culturaistransmitidas pelas redes sociais do portal São Paulo para crianças entre março e junho de 2020. Os dados foram analisados com auxílio do software Dedoose. Os resultados indicam que os mediadores repetiram padrões de atividades realizadas presencialmente nesses espaços e basearam os processos comunicativos predominantemente na exposição de informações sobre os diferentes elementos da atividade. Nas transmissões em exposições com animais vivos, os conteúdos mais abordados estavam relacionados ao comportamento, à alimentação e ao habitat das espécies apresentadas. Já as atividades transmitidas por museus abordaram conceitos científicos com mais frequência. As mídias sociais tiveram um papel fundamental não só na divulgação e execução das atividades, mas também na ampliação do acesso do público ao lazer aliado a experiências educativas com temáticas de ciências durante o período de isolamento social.