bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparing passive measures of fatigue-like behavior in mice
Authors: Wolff Brian S. , Raheem Sumiyya A. , Saligan Leorey N.
Published: September 2018

Fatigue is a very common and costly symptom associated with various diseases and disorders. Nonetheless, understanding the pathobiology and developing of therapies for fatigue have been difficult, partly because of a lack of consensus on the measures to phenotype this behavior, both in clinical settings and in animal studies. Here, we describe a fatigue-like behavior induced in mice by abdominal irradiation and compare three different methods of measuring changes in physical activity over time: running wheels, video home cage monitoring, and telemetry. These methods collect data passively and continuously, requiring no disruption of animals’ normal home cage behavior. In our experiments, all three methods reported a fatigue-like behavior, exhibited by a reduction in physical activity following abdominal irradiation. Video tracking showed the largest fatigue effect size (Cohen’s D = 1.78) over four days of monitoring, and was the only method showing a significant decrease in activity during the light period. Telemetry and running wheels showed a similar effect size (D = 1.68 and 1.65, respectively), but running wheels showed different circadian patterns of physical activity. In addition, we conducted rotarod and inverted grid suspension tests, which suggested that fatigue-like behavior was not the result of gross motor abnormalities.
Correction: Determination of ferric ions using surface-enhanced Raman scattering based on desferrioxamine-functionalized silver nanoparticles
Authors: Yan Fei , Reddy C. V. Gopal , Shrestha Yam K. , Spurgeon Charina L. , Kummarapurugu Apparao B. , Fischer Bernard M. , Vo-Dinh Tuan
Published: September 2018

Correction for ‘Determination of ferric ions using surface-enhanced Raman scattering based on desferrioxamine-functionalized silver nanoparticles’ by Fei Yan et al., Chem. Commun., 2013, 49, 7962–7964.
Slow-targeted release of a ruthenium anticancer agent from vitamin B12functionalized marine diatom microalgae
Authors: Delasoie Joachim , Rossier Jérémie , Haeni Laetitia , Rothen-Rutishauser Barbara , Zobi Fabio
Published: September 2018

Bio-inspired drug capsules: The synthesis of a new vitamin-B12modified biomaterial with increased static adherence properties toward cancer cell lines, allowed the targeted delivery of a poorly water-soluble ruthenium drug with an unprecedented release profile.
Biosurfactant-functionalized porphyrin chromophore that forms J-aggregates
Authors: Mekala Shekar , Peters Kyle C. , Singer Kenneth D. , Gross Richard A.
Published: September 2018

Synthesis of sophorolipid-porphyrin conjugates with built-in variations in non-covalent interactions, H–bonding, π–π stacking, and hydrophobic interactions for supramolecular self-assembly.
Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of unstrained ketones via chelation-assisted C–C bond cleavage
Authors: Jiang Cheng , Zheng Zhao-Jing , Yu Tian-Yang , Wei Hao
Published: September 2018

Herein, we report that unstrained ketones can be efficiently employed as electrophiles in Suzuki–Miyaura reactions via catalytic activation of unstrained C–C bonds assist by an N-containing directing group.
N-Acetylcysteine inhalation improves pulmonary function in patients received liver transplantation
Authors: Li Xiaoyun , Wei Xiaoxia , Chen Chaojin , Zhang Zheng , Liu Dezhao , Hei Ziqing , Yao Weifeng
Published: September 2018

Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) following orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. The effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) inhalation on the incidence of PPCs and the outcomes of patients undergoing OLT is unknown. This prospective randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted to investigate the effect of NAC inhalation during OLT on PPCs. Sixty patients were randomly assigned to the NAC group (n = 30) or the control group (n = 30) to receive inhaled NAC or sterilized water, respectively, for 30 min before surgery and 3 h after reperfusion. The incidence of early PPCs and outcomes including survival rate were assessed. Biomarkers including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-8, Clara cell secretory protein (CC16), intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) at T1 (before surgery) and T2 (at the end of operation) as well as in serum at T1, T2, T3 (12 h after operation), and T4 (24 h after operation). A total of 42 patients (20 in the NAC group and 22 in the control group) were enrolled in the final analysis. Atomization inhaled NAC significantly reduced the incidence of PPCs after OLT. The levels of TNF-α, IL-8, CC16, and ICAM-1 in EBC were significantly lower, and SOD activity was higher, at T2 in the NAC group; similar data were found in serum at T2, T3, and T4. In summary, perioperative NAC inhalation may reduce the incidence of PPCs and improve patient outcomes after OLT.
Induction heating of a shape memory alloy beam
Authors: Dufour S. , Vinsard G.
Published: September 2018

The shape memory alloy heating by eddy currents is a quick solution for the shape change. Then, the analysis of the temperature field as a function of the shape is important to build a mechanical model in large deformation. Even if the temperature can be obtained by experiment, a computational model is useful. The computation of the induced currents in a nickel–titanium shape memory alloy beam is here considered with a T − Ω model adapted to thin shells with the help of a change of coordinates. It allows us to take into account the shape change, without the need of remeshing, as a function of the temperature. Experiments are carried out to validate the model.
A Review of Progressive and Compound Forming of Bulk Microparts by Using Sheet Metals
Authors: Fu M.W. , Zheng J.Y. , Meng B.
Published: September 2018

In the last decade, the concept of progressive microforming has emerged and developed gradually, which is considered as an efficient and promising method to fabricate the micro-scaled part. Micro-cylinder parts, micro-flanged part, and multi-flanged microparts are representative micro bulk parts by the progressive microforming system using sheet metal. In these cases, many efforts focus on the forming process, such as microblanking and microextrusion. Meanwhile, the quality of the fabricated parts also attracts attention. In this paper, an intensive review on the development of progressive microforming technologies and the formed parts is presented, and the influence of size effect to dimensional accuracy, material flow, geometrical feature, and fracture is also discussed.
Electrohydraulic incremental bulk metal forming
Authors: Langstädtler Lasse , Pegel Holger , Herrmann Marius , Schenck Christian , Kuhfuss Bernd
Published: September 2018

Electrohydraulic forming is a working media based high speed technique that is usually applied for sheet metal processing. In this process a shock wave acts as a flexible punch that transmits the punching force in a very short period of time. This force is usually used to accelerate the workpiece towards the passive tool. In Contrast to sheet forming, the electrohydraulic method is still not adapted to bulk forming. Although, the exchange of a mechanical rigid punch by a shockwave with a flexible shape enables special advantages especially if parts with millimeter dimensions or smaller are to be processed. But in case of deep and small cavities with a high aspect ratio are to be filled, the forming energy is not transferable within one shock wave. To overcome these obstacles the incremental electrohydraulic forming is introduced. As an example, the electrohydraulic extrusion of cylindrical samples (aluminum Al99.5) with an initial diameter of 1.5 mm was performed with a series of consecutive shock waves.
Influence of a modified drawing process on the resulting residual stress state of cold drawn wire
Authors: Baumann Markus , Graf Alexander , Selbmann René , Brömmelhoff Katrin , Kräusel Verena , Landgrebe Dirk , Bergmann Markus
Published: September 2018

Torsion bars are used in automotive engineering as well as in other industrial applications. Such elements are produced by bending cold drawn wires. In conventional drawing processes tensile residual stresses occur near the surface of the wire. Small bending radii, which are required in limited assembly spaces, result in component failure due to reduced formability. Additional operations such as heat treatment or shot peening are necessary to influence the residual stress of the wire and to improve the dynamic stability of the torsion bar. The aim of the research is to reduce tensile residual stresses near the surface of the wire in order to eliminate process steps and to enhance formability. Therefore, a forming technology is developed by using a modified drawing die geometry on the basis of gradation extrusion. Finite element simulation is used to investigate the influences of element geometry, number of elements and process modification on the resulting residual stresses after wire drawing of a steel alloy. The results are evaluated and compared with the conventional wire drawing process. Furthermore, the requirements for the design of an experimental test device will be outlined as well as the measurement of the residual stresses by using X-ray diffraction.
Numerical study of the induction heating of aluminium sheets for hot stamping
Authors: Tian Yankang , Wang Libo , Anyasodor Gerald , Qin Yi
Published: September 2018

Induction heating is one of the most popular metal heating technologies because of its high heating rate and high energy efficiency. This method is suitable for heating workpieces/blanks in different shapes, sizes and materials. Induction heating of metal sheets has been investigated by various research organizations and industrial companies. However, information concerning the induction heating of aluminium blanks is limited. Further, investigations were required by industries to address the issues relating to the uneven temperature distributions developed in the metal sheets so that an optimized design could be developed to help the enhancement of the technology. Aiming at the study of the induction heating process for hot stamping, especially the temperature distribution developed in the aluminium sheets, this paper presents in-depth analysis of induction heating using 3D FE simulations, involving uses of DEFORM and COMSOL. Different coil arrangements, level of powers, frequencies, cycle times, etc. have been modelled and simulated to examine their effects on the heating efficiency and developed temperature profiles in the Aluminium sheets. It is revealed from the simulations that design features in the induction coils like shapes of cross-sections and angles of coil corners affect the uniformity of the developed temperatures in the metal sheets. Heating with an optimized combination of the coil design and the power setting could help to achieve higher heating rates and temperature uniformity. Nevertheless, the application could be constrained by some practical factors.
Electrohydraulic sheet metal forming with flexible tools
Authors: Pegel Holger , Langstädtler Lasse , Herrmann Marius , Schenck Christian , Kuhfuss Bernd
Published: September 2018

In cold metal forming usually a die and a punch are required to form sheet metal in the desired shape. These two parts of the tool need to be produced of hardened materials in high precision. In this paper it is shown, that by using electrohydraulic forming the punch is replaced by a hydraulic punch and the die can be made easily out of softer materials that seem absolutely not suited at first sight. This allows for rapid and cheap manufacturing of sheet metal parts.
Stress-level-dependent microstructure evolution and deformation behaviors during creep age forming of AA2219 alloy
Authors: Ma Ziyao , Zhan Lihua , Liu Chunhui , Xu Lingzhi
Published: September 2018

Creep age forming (CAF) can shape and strengthen the sheet metals loaded externally at elevated temperature by corresponding creep/stress-relaxation and age hardening. Understanding the deformation and strengthening behavior at different stress levels plays a pivotal role in accurate prediction of CAF. This work experimentally investigates the effect of stress level on the evolution of both properties and microstructures, including precipitates and dislocations, during CAF. The microstructural evolution is characterized in detail by scanning/transmission electron microscopy (S/TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Stress orienting effect of θ» occurs at low-stress loaded samples and results in a decline in the hardening potential of creep-aging. A bimodal distribution of precipitates consisted of θ» homogeneously formed in the matrix and θ' heterogeneously formed on dislocations is found in the high-stress loaded samples, giving rise to a significant enhancement of hardening response. In addition, the creep strain increases drastically when the loading stress is higher than the initial yield strength. The relevant mechanisms for the transition of the obtained strength and creep behaviors with the applied stress are discussed based on microstructure observations.
Observation of the a-C:H run-in behaviour for dry forming applications of aluminium
Authors: Abraham Tim , Bräuer Günter , Kretz Felix , Groche Peter
Published: September 2018

Amorphous hydrogenated carbon coatings (a-C:H) are well known for their exceptional tribological properties and are established as tool coatings for numerous forming applications. However, utilized in dry forming processes of aluminium a premature failure of an a-C:H coated tool often occurs due to strong adhesive wear. In this paper the run-in behaviour of a-C:H is investigated and as a possible reason for the premature tool failure evaluated. Therefore, oscillating ball-on-disc tribometer tests and strip drawing tests, for a more realistic emulation of real forming processes, will be conducted. According to these tests, the run-in period of a-C:H coatings is characterized by a high friction value and adhesion tendency and thus is decisive for the tool performance. Based on a subsequent analysis of the coating wear, the predominating wear mechanisms during the run-in period are discussed. The intrinsic nanomater-scale a-C:H roughness is identified as a crucial factor determining the tribological properties of the run-in behaviour. By reducing the coating roughness prior to the forming process, the adhesion tendency and friction value can be reduced significantly. The results demonstrate the tribological performance of pre-treated a-C:H coatings for dry sheet metal forming of aluminium EN AW-5083.
Eccentric rotary swaging variants
Authors: Toenjes Anastasiya , Ishkina Svetlana , Schenck Christian , von Hehl Axel , Zoch Hans-Werner , Kuhfuss Bernd
Published: September 2018

Rotary swaging is an incremental cold forming process that changes beneath the geometry also the microstructure and mechanical properties of workpiece. Especially a new process design with Eccentric Flat Shaped Dies (EFSD) influences both the kind and amount of stress and plastic strain and consequently the material structure and hence the material and workpiece properties. Eccentric rotary swaging typically provides a helical material flow. According to the process parameters the microstructure features a typical eddy pattern with a spiral shaped grain orientation. The forming process can be carried out in one or more process steps. In a multi-stage process, it is possible to change the feed direction and, hence, the material flow helix direction. This approach can be used as a possibility to improve the homogeneity of the workpiece and material properties. In addition, for this aims an intermediate heat treatment in multi-stage forming operations could be realised. Following the goal of optimising the final properties, the question arises how these mechanical and thermal treatments affect the material microstructure and the forming properties of the workpiece and how they interact. Experiments were conducted with austenitic stainless steel rods of grade AISI304. The effects of the varied feed direction, feed velocity and heat treatment between the forming operations are discussed.
Characterization of the Undrained Shear Strength of Expansive Soils of High Water Content
Authors: Su Zheng , Qi Daokun , Guo Xinju , Xi Xiaojuan , Zhang Liang
Published: September 2018

In recent years, engineering constructions increase rapidly in western and central areas of China, where expansive soil widely distributes. Since expansive soil is sensitive to water content, the characterization of its shear strength should be carefully conducted. For simplicity and ease of use, the Mohr-Coulomb criterion is often adopted to describe the shear strength of expansive soil. In this paper, the physical meaning of the cohesion and frictional strength of expansive soil are explained, and the variations of the strength parameters with water content are investigated. By fitting to the experimental results from direct shear test and triaxial tests, the changing characteristics of cohesion and friction angle with water content are obtained.
Landscape Design of River Channels in Small Towns based on Regional Culture-Case Study of Landscape Design of Duohua River
Authors: Lu Man , Wen Chuyuan , Wang Chuanyue
Published: September 2018

Water is the vital source of life while river channels constitute the arteries of the earth. As a key element of eco-structure of the Landscaping system, river plays a significant role in social life. Current river channels in small towns are managed only to achieve the traditional functions of flood prevention and irrigation while river channel landscape construction is confronted with problems such as replicating landscapes and degradation of ecological environment. River channel landscape should receive increasing attention after taking treatment measures including sewage interception, dredging, base soil treatment and revetment repair. This study offers ideas and strategies for landscaping designs of rivers in small towns that realize the value of regional culture in contemporary times on the basis of taking root in the concrete settings of the locations and the form of the design subjects in light of landscaping practices of Duohua River in Longli County which comb through regional elements and selectively keep some of them in the principle of respecting local history, natural conditions and culture in an effort to build a river landscape that represents regional culture and meets the requirements for sustainable development so that both the function and landscaping beauty can be better integrated.
Effect of Elevated Temperature on Engineering Properties of Ternary Blended No-cement Mortar
Authors: Hermawan Harry , Chang Ta-Peng , Djayaprabha Herry Suryadi , Nguyen Hoang-Anh
Published: September 2018

This paper aims to examine the engineering properties of ternary blended no-cement mortar which subjected to the various elevated temperatures exposure. The mortars were produced by mixing ground granulated blast furnace slag (S), Type-F fly ash (F) and circulating fluidized bed combustion (CFBC) fly ash (C). The water-to-binder ratio was fixed at 0.40 and the CFBC fly ash content was fixed at 15 wt.% of the mixture that acts as the main activator. The specimens were exposed to the elevated temperatures ranging from 200°C to 800°C. The mass loss, compressive strength, and ultrasonic pulse velocity were determined before and after exposure to the elevated temperatures. The obtained results showed after exposed to high temperature, the mortar weight reduction was discovered in the range of 6.0–8.7% when temperature rose from 200°C to 600°C, and decreased significantly up to 12.4% as temperature reached 800°C. The major strength loss occurred after 600°C with the residual compressive strength approximately at 44.2%. At 200°C, increased strength was found on SFC mixture and when temperature rose to 400°C, the specimens still can resist the load reliably with the strength loss less than 8.0%. Consequently, SFC mortar generates good durability and heat resistance below 400°C.
Microstructural Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Water Cooling Bobbin-Tool Friction Stir Welded 6063-T6 Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Zhao Yunqiang , Wang Chungui , Dong Chunlin
Published: September 2018

In this study, a novel welding method called water cooling bobbin-tool friction stir welding (WBT-FSW) was developed. 4 mm-thick 6063-T6 aluminum alloy sheets were successfully jointed by WBT-FSW. Comparative studies on macro/microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of the WBT-FSW and conventional bobbin-tool friction stir welding (BT-FSW) joints were carried out. The results indicated that the water mist cooling can significantly decrease the welding temperature and improve both the weld formation and the mechanical properties of the joint. The tensile strength of the WBT-FSW joint was 11.4% higher than that of BT-FSW joint.
Influence of Main Road Alignment on Handling Stability of Runaway Vehicle on Truck Escape Ramp
Authors: Qin Pinpin , Han Yaqi , Hu Heyu , Qin Guangyi , Wang Jie
Published: September 2018

Main road alignment exerts an influence on handling stability of a runaway vehicle to a certain extent, as rational designs of the main road alignment play an important role in ensuring that a runaway vehicle enters a truck escape ramp safely. Firstly, forces acting on the runaway vehicle on the main road are analysed, and the minimum curve radius value and the corresponding approach angle that can prevent lateral rollover and lateral slip are discussed. Secondly, a simulation software, TruckSim, is used to establish a simulation model of the runaway vehicle and the road, wherein the minimum curve radius value and the corresponding approach angle that can prevent lateral rollover and slip are taken as input parameters of the road model. Finally, the established simulation model of the vehicle and road is used to simulate the influence that three types of main road alignment, i.e. a straight line, a right curve and a left curve, respectively have on the handling stability of the runaway vehicle entering a truck escape ramp.
Economic-engineering design for logistics infrastructure routing
Authors: Namboonruang Weerapol , Amdee Noppadon , Suphadon Nutthanun , Krisonsri Boontham
Published: September 2018

The existing transport route starting from Lamchabang seaport - Bangkok - Nakhonpathom province was studied in the terms of logistic and supply chain. This work, the new route starting from Ratchaburi-SuanphuangChong-Tagobon border will be studied which will be promoted to be the new transportation and transfer of goods route from Thailand to Myanmar via Chong-Tagobon border checkpoint, Ratchaburi province to the Highway No.9 of Myanmar. The study focuses on the possibility of infrastructure and logistic system of Ratchaburi province selected as the center of goods distribution. There are two optional routes that are studied. The first route starts from km. 0+0.000 – km. 91+174 with a total distance of 91.174 kilometers. The second route starts from km. 0+0.000 – km. 93+219 with a total distance of 93.219 kilometers. For the analysis in format of engineering and economics found that Route No.1 is more appropriate to use as the transport route for connecting the economics between Thailand-Myanmar borders. The value of the investment in logistic infrastructure (road) is approximately 3,612 million baths.
Use of Web technologies to create an information processing system of pressure metal forming processes
Authors: Osadchy Valentin A. , Osadchy Alexander V. , Savin Valeriy V. , Savina Lyudmila A. , Novoseltcev Nikolai V.
Published: September 2018

The problem of obtaining reliable information when performing calculations, can be solved, thanks to the intensive development of computer facilities, using specially created databases and information systems, as well as improving data processing techniques and optimizing the characteristics of materials and products, parameters of technology and equipment. Following tasks have been solved: a) an information system in the field of metal forming and related science fields has been developed; b) a database on metal materials, metal products, technology and equipment of rolling production has been created; c) a mathematical apparatus and model of the rolling process for material and process parameters selection have been developed. Obtained as a result framework can be applied to solve a broad aspect of practical problems.
A Study on Proposal of Flank Wear Criterion by Using a Built-in Current Sensor when Manufacturing the Mold Materials in a Smart Machine Tool
Authors: Baek Seung-Yub , Jung Sung-Taek , Park Dae-Yu
Published: September 2018

Recently, it has been increased with respect to the safe and reliable operations in industry of machine tools and intelligent of the machine tool has consistently been developing in term of an unmanned manufacturing. For such realization, diagnosis monitoring of machining must be carried out while being processed in real-time. When tool wear is reached to criteria of flank wear and crater wear, the tools must be changed to new tools for improving the manless rate of operation. However, time of tool change was when spark generated because of wear about 0.3 mm on a flank face during manufacturing in the field. So, built-in sensor system in a smart machine tool must be necessary for high efficiency unmanned of manufacturing. As mentioned earlier, the various technique for measuring the tool wear was already defined such as sensing of acoustic emissions, vibrations, sounds, currents, cutting force, and other. The representative one of measuring method is current signal, which is used as a representative index of tool state. In this study, we carried out the proposal of tool wear criterion by using built-in wireless current signal system when manufacturing the mold materials of KP-4M and it was investigated via smart machine tools.
Design and Fabrication of Friction Stir Welding Machine
Authors: Ambarayil Joy Jithin , Sajjad Muhammad , Jung Dong-Won
Published: September 2018

The aim of the project is to manufacture a welding machine which simplifies the work and improve the accuracy. The working principle of this machine is different other that of other welding machine. The aluminum work piece is held in the vice. The two pieces of aluminum work piece is welded with the help high speed drilling head with friction tool. The working principle is very easy and at the same time production time is very much reduced. This machine is best suitable for mass production
Le médicament connecté, entre bienveillance et surveillance
Authors: Moutel Grégoire , Grandazzi Guillaume , Duchange Nathalie , Darquy Sylviane
Published: September 2018

Depuis novembre 2017, le médicament connecté, qui permet de savoir si un patient a ingéré son traitement, devient une réalité. Il peut présenter un avantage pour le patient, en l’aidant à mieux suivre son traitement. Cependant, même si le recours à ce dispositif ne peut se faire sans le consentement du patient, la question du respect de la vie privée est soulevée. Le bon usage des médicaments est un enjeu de santé publique et un enjeu économique, mais la tentation pourrait être de mettre en place des démarches de contrôle des citoyens, en particulier quant à l’impact des traitements sur les dépenses de santé. En outre, une conception trop normative des algorithmes de surveillance pourrait altérer la relation de soin, notamment médecin/malade, en négligeant, voire niant les conditions d’adaptation qu’un patient peut légitimement revendiquer dans la prise de son traitement. Ainsi, autant le médicament connecté peut être un outil d’aide, autant il est nécessaire d’en évaluer la juste place, en termes de respect de la personne et de ses espaces de libertés.
Schlafstörungen – Unterschätztes Schlummern
Authors: Hödlmoser Kerstin , Joechner Ann-Kathrin
Published: September 2018

Wer zu wenig schläft, schadet nicht nur seinem Immunsystem, sondern wird auch anfälliger für Verletzungen, ist unkonzentriert und entwickelt leichter chronische Schmerzen. Umso wichtiger ist es, für sich und seinen Patienten zu wissen, wie man sich die richtigen Schlafgewohnheiten aneignet.
Infantile Zerebralparesen
Authors: Freivogel Susanna
Published: September 2018

Zerebralparesen sind der häufigste Grund für motorische Defizite im jüngeren Kindesalter. Ihre Ursachen, die Klassifikation und Diagnostik, vor allem aber den
Verlauf und die verschiedenen Behandlungsformen beschreibt der folgende Artikel.
Roboterunterstützte Lokomotionstherapie bei Kindern in der Neuroreha
Authors: Aurich-Schuler Tabea , van Hedel Hubertus , Labruyère Rob
Published: September 2018

Die Besonderheit in der Neurorehabilitation bei Kindern ist, dass deren komplexer neurologischer Zustand unter anderem durch den Entwicklungsstatus, die
kognitiven Fähigkeiten, die Motivation, das Alter (Pubertätsübergang) und sonstige Verhaltensauffälligkeiten beeinflusst werden kann. Wie die
Lokomotionstherapie entsprechend angepasst wird, beschreibt der folgende Beitrag.
Changes in the Detection and Management of Foetal Trisomies over Time
Authors: Prodan Natalia , Hoopmann Markus , Abele Harald , Wagner Philipp , Wallwiener Diethelm , Brucker Sara , Kagan Karl
Published: September 2018

Introduction This study investigates whether the time of diagnosis of foetal trisomy 21/18/13 and the frequency of termination of pregnancy have changed in the past 10 years.

Material and Methods Retrospective study at the Tübingen University Centre for Womenʼs Health in which the cases with ante- and postnatal diagnosis of trisomy were investigated. A prerequisite was that the patients be examined in the antenatal medicine department. The time of diagnosis, the frequency of termination of pregnancy and the gestational age in the case of a termination were assessed.

Results Between 2007 and 2017, trisomy 21/18/13 was diagnosed in 498 foetuses and newborns. In 311 of the foetuses or newborns, trisomy 21 was identified; in 134, trisomy 18; and in 53, trisomy 13. The median gestational age at diagnosis in the case of foetuses with trisomy 21 was between 14.4 and 13.6 weeks of pregnancy. The rate of pregnancy terminations increased slightly from 66.7% between 2007 and 2010 to 75.5% between 2015 and 2017. The median gestational age at the time of termination remained constant at 14.9 and 15.0 weeks of pregnancy respectively. The median gestational age at diagnosis in the case of foetuses with trisomy 18/13 was between 13.6 and 14.6 weeks of pregnancy during the examination period. The percentages of affected pregnancies which were terminated in the three time periods increased slightly from 57.4 to 69.0%. The gestational age remained unchanged in this case at 15.0 and 15.1 weeks of pregnancy respectively.

Conclusion The time of intrauterine diagnosis of trisomy 21/18/13 has not changed in the past 10 years. The frequency of termination of a pregnancy increased slightly and the time of termination remained unchanged.
Perkutane Myofasziotomie: Korrektur von Fehlstellungen bedingt durch spastische Muskulatur
Authors: Poschmann Michael
Published: September 2018

Die Myofasziotomie ermöglicht die Korrektur von Fehlstellungen, die durch eine verkürzte Muskulatur verursacht sind. Im Vergleich zu offenen Muskel- und
Sehnenverlängerungen ist die postoperative Mobilisation einfacher und der Kraftverlust kann leichter kompensiert werden. Da auch die Schmerzen geringer sind,
lohnt es sich angesichts dieser zahlreichen Vorteile, die Methode genauer zu betrachten.
Die fünf Säulen der Bildgebung in der muskuloskeletalen Diagnostik
Authors: Burget Achim
Published: September 2018

Bildgebung ist fester Bestandteil der medizinischen Diagnostik. Dr. Achim Burget gibt einen Überblick über die wichtigsten bildgebenden Verfahren bei muskuloskeletalen Erkrankungen, deren Wirkweise und Indikationen. Im Sinne einer interdisziplinären Zusammenarbeit wird es zunehmend wichtiger, dass auch Physio- oder Manualtherapeuten die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Bildgebung kennen.
Von der Theorie zur Praxis – von der Klinik zur Diagnose
Authors: Burget Achim
Published: September 2018

Symptome können oft verschiedene Ursachen haben. Anhand eines gründlichen Clinical Reasonings stellen Therapeuten Hypothesen auf, die im Lauf der Therapie
gegebenenfalls durch Bildgebung überprüft werden. Anhand von fünf Fallbeispielen zeigt Dr. Achim Burget die Vorzüge der MRT-Bildgebung auf, da erst durch diese
die Pathologie erkannt werden kann.
Negative Ergebnisse neurodynamischer Tests schließen neuronale Dysfunktionen bei Patienten mit Nervenkompressionssyndrom nicht
aus
Authors: Ferber-Busse Birgit
Published: September 2018

Baselgia LT, Bennett DL, Silbiger RM et al. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2016; 98: 480–486. doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2016.06.019
2013 Neer Award: Prädiktoren für das Versagen von nicht operativer Therapie bei chronischen, symptomatischen Rupturen der
Rotatorenmanschette
Authors: Löscher Sebastian
Published: September 2018

Dunn WR, Kuhn JE, Sanders R et al. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2016; 25: 1303–1311. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2016.04.030
Klinische Ergebnisse nach Keraring-Implantation zur Behandlung von Keratokonuspatienten mit sehr dünnen Hornhäuten
Authors: Guber Ivo , Gatzioufas Zisis , Goldblum David , Elalfy Mohamed , Hamada Samer , Lake Damian
Published: September 2018

Hintergrund Ziel der Studie war es, die klinischen Ergebnisse nach Keraring-Implantation bei Patienten mit Keratokonus mit sehr dünnen Hornhäuten zu evaluieren.

Patienten und Methoden Zehn Augen von 10 Keratokonuspatienten, bei denen eine femtosekundenlaserassistierte Ringimplantation durchgeführt worden war, wurden in diese retrospektive Studie eingeschlossen. Der unkorrigierte Visus, der korrigierte Visus, die Keratometriewerte, die zentrale Hornhautdicke und die dünnste Hornhautstelle wurden präoperativ und 6 Monate nach Keraring-Implantation ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse Der unkorrigierte Visus, der korrigierte Visus und die Keratometriewerte verbesserten sich 6 Monate nach der Implantation.

Schlussfolgerung Unsere Daten zeigen eine deutliche Verbesserung der Keratometriewerte und der Sehschärfe 6 Monate nach Keraring-Implantation bei Patienten mit Keratokonus und dünner Hornhaut.
Foetal Doppler Parameters as a Prognostic Marker Before Induction of Labour
Authors: Widschwendter Peter , Lato Krisztian , Friedl Thomas , Janni Wolfgang , Friebe-Hoffmann Ulrike
Published: September 2018

Introduction The value of foetal Doppler ultrasonography before induction of labour for prognostic assessment of the duration of labour and foetal outcome is presented.

Patients and Methods Doppler ultrasound of the foetal middle cerebral artery (MCA) and of the umbilical artery (UA) was performed in addition to evaluation of the Bishop score in 49 women around the expected date of confinement (38 + 0 – 42 + 0 weeks of gestation) prior to planned pharmacological induction of labour. These parameters were studied using non-parametric statistical methods for associations with the duration of induction until delivery, the mode of delivery and foetal outcome.

Results The resistance index (RI) of the MCA (rs = 0.547, p < 0.001), but not the RI of the UA (rs = − 0.055, p = 0.707) correlated positively with the duration of induction. Moreover, a negative correlation was found between the RI of the UA and the babyʼs arterial cord pH at birth (rs = − 0.287, p = 0.046). No differences in the RI of MCA or UA were found between babies born vaginally and those delivered by secondary section.

Conclusion The present data show that Doppler measurement of the foetal MCA and UA before pharmacological induction of labour at term can be a further parameter for prognostic estimation of the duration and success of induction and of foetal outcome in addition to the established Bishop score.
Ultraweitwinkel-Fundusfotografie und -angiografie in der Differenzialdiagnose und zur Therapieplanung bei peripheren vaskulären Netzhauterkrankungen
Authors: Joussen Antonia , Brockmann Claudia , Urban Josefine , Seibel Ira , Winterhalter Sibylle , Zeitz Oliver , Müller Bert
Published: September 2018

Bei vaskulären Erkrankungen der Netzhautperipherie ist eine Bildgebung, die einen umfassenden Einblick in die periphere Netzhaut ermöglicht und diese reproduzierbar abbilden kann, von hoher klinischer Relevanz. Die Weitwinkelangiografie ist in der Differenzialdiagnose peripherer vaskulärer Netzhauterkrankungen insbesondere zur Therapieentscheidung und Verlaufsbeurteilung wertvoll. Da Erkrankungen wie Morbus Coats und die familiär exsudative Vitreoretinopathie meist innerhalb der 1. oder Anfang der 2. Lebensdekade diagnostiziert werden, ist bei den meisten Patienten mit unzureichender Compliance bei Fundusaufnahmen zu rechnen. Gerade hier ermöglicht die Ultraweitwinkelbildgebung eine deutlich kürzere Aufnahmezeit im Vergleich zu Kompositaufnahmen. Dennoch können auch die aktuellsten Systeme nicht die gesamte Netzhaut vollständig abbilden. Der Bildausschnitt muss daher gezielt durch Blickrichtungen zum betroffenen Areal gelenkt werden und dem Fotografen die klinische Fragestellung stets zu Beginn der Aufnahmen bewusst sein. Daher steht nach wie vor eine gründliche Funduskopie in Mydriasis durch den erfahrenen Augenarzt an erster Stelle.
Multimodale Bildgebung des Aderhautmelanoms mit seinen Differenzialdiagnosen, Therapie (Bestrahlungsplanung) und Verlaufskontrolle
Authors: Nürnberg Daniela , Seibel Ira , Riechardt Aline , Brockmann Claudia , Zeitz Oliver , Heufelder Jens , Joussen Antonia
Published: September 2018

Die Bildgebung von intraokularen Tumoren ist multimodal, vielseitig einsetzbar, in stetiger Weiterentwicklung. Sie ist damit unerlässlich für die Erkennung, Diagnose, Therapieplanung und Überwachung von intraokularen Tumoren. Für die Diagnostik und Verlaufskontrolle steht ein breites Spektrum bildgebender Verfahren zur Verfügung: die Farbbildaufnahme, Infrarotaufnahme, Autofluoreszenzaufnahme, Fluoreszenzangiografie (FAG) und Indocyaningrünangiografie (ICGA), optische Kohärenztomografie (OCT) und die Sonografie (US). In dieser Arbeit wird an verschiedenen Beispielen die multimodale Nutzung von Bildgebungsverfahren in der Diagnose, Therapie und Nachsorge okulärer Tumoren unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Aderhautmelanome beschrieben.
Targeted Gene Panel Sequencing for Molecular Diagnosis of Kallmann Syndrome and Normosmic Idiopathic Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism
Authors: Kim Ja Hye , Seo Go Hun , Kim Gu-Hwan , Huh Juyoung , Hwang Il Tae , Jang Ja-Hyun , Yoo Han-Wook , Choi Jin-Ho
Published: September 2018

Background Isolated gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) deficiency (IGD) is classified either as Kallmann syndrome (KS) with anosmia or normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (nIHH) and caused by mutations in more than 30 different genes. Recent advances in next-generation sequencing technologies have revolutionized the identification of causative genes by using massively parallel sequencing of multiple samples. This study was performed to establish the genetic etiology of IGD using a targeted gene panel sequencing of 69 known human IGD genes.

Methods This study included 28 patients with IGD from 27 independent families. Exomes were captured using customized SureSelect kit (Agilent Technologies) and sequenced on the Miseq platform (Illumina, Inc.), which includes a 163,269 bp region spanning 69 genes.

Results Four pathogenic and six likely pathogenic sequence variants were identified in 11 patients from 10 of the 27 families (37%) included in the study. We identified two known pathogenic mutations in CHD7 and PROKR2 from two male patients (7.4%). Novel sequence variants were also identified in 10 probands (37%) in CHD7, SOX3, ANOS1, FGFR1, and TACR3. Of these, while eight variants (29.6%) were presumed to be pathogenic or likely pathogenic, the remaining two were classified as variants of uncertain significance. Of the two pre-pubertal males with anosmia, one harbored a novel heterozygous splice site variant in FGFR1.

Conclusions The overall diagnostic yield was 37% of the patients who had undergone targeted gene panel sequencing. This approach enables rapid, cost-effective, and comprehensive genetic screening in patients with KS and nIHH.
Myeloproliferative Neoplasien (MPN)
Authors: Koschmieder Steffen , Brümmendorf Tim H.
Published: September 2018

Myeloproliferative Neoplasien (MPN) sind klonale Stammzellerkrankungen, die typischerweise mit der Vemehrung einer oder mehrerer Blutzellreihen, einer
Knochenmarkhyperplasie und einer (Hepato)-Splenomegalie als Zeichen der extramedullären Hämatopoese einhergehen. Gefürchtete Komplikationen der MPN sind
Thromboembolien und schwergradige Blutungen, eine Knochenmarkverfaserung (Myelofibrose) mit konsekutiver hämatopoetischer Insuffizienz sowie der Übergang in
eine akute Leukämie. Man unterscheidet die 4 klassischen MPN (Chronische Myeloische Leukämie [CML], Polycythämia vera [PV], Essentielle Thrombozythämie [ET],
Primäre Myelofibrose [PMF]) von den nicht-klassischen MPN (Chronische Eosinophilen-Leukämie [CEL], Chronische Neutrophilen-Leukämie [CNL] und
MPN-unklassifizierbar [MPN-U]). Sowohl der Verlauf der Erkrankungen als auch deren Symptomatik sind sehr heterogen, und eine exakte Diagnosestellung ist wichtig
für die adäquate Einschätzung der Prognose und für die Beratung und Behandlung der betroffenen Patienten. Zur Diagnostik gehören neben Anamnese und
ausführlicher körperlicher Untersuchung die Erhebung von Blutbild und Differenzialblutbild, eine Knochenmarkuntersuchung (Zytologie, Histologie,
Chromosomenanalyse) sowie die molekulargenetische Untersuchung des peripheren Blutes (je nach MPN-Subtyp Bcr-Abl- oder Fip1L1-PDGFRA-Transkripte, JAK2617F-,
CALR- und MPL-Mutationen, CSF3R- und SETBP1-Mutationen, etc). Differenzialdiagnostisch müssen u. a. die systemische Mastoztyose und die MDS/MPN-Overlap-Syndrome
von den MPN abgegrenzt werden. Die Therapie ist abhängig von der Prognose der Erkrankung (Abschätzung durch verschiedene Prognose-Scores) und reicht von
„Watchful waiting“ über Aderlässe, Thrombozytenaggregationshemmung und Antikoagulation bis hin zur medikamentösen Zytoreduktion, Entzündungshemmung und
allogenen Stammzelltransplantation. Die Diagnose und Therapieweichenstellung gehört in die Hände des erfahrenen Spezialisten, und vor Therapiebeginn sollten dem
Patienten die Teilnahme an Bioregistern und klinischen Studien erläutert werden. Informationen hierzu sind über die „German Study Group for MPN“ (GSG-MPN)
erhältlich (https://www.cto-im3.de/gsgmpn/).
Trans* und Substanzgebrauch: Bedingungen und Behandlungsempfehlungen
Authors: Wolf Gisela
Published: September 2018

Die von trans* Personen erlittenen Diskriminierungen und Gewalterfahrungen stellen maßgebliche Bedingungsfaktoren von schädlichem Substanzgebrauch dar. In dem vorliegenden Text werden strukturelle und manifeste Diskriminierungen und Gewalt aufgezeigt, mit denen sich trans* Personen auseinandersetzen müssen. Es werden Modelle referiert, die die Zusammenhänge zwischen gesellschaftlicher Ausgrenzung und Substanzgebrauch erfassbar machen und Empfehlungen für die Behandlung von trans* Personen in suchttherapeutischen Einrichtungen entwickelt.
First Stereoselective Total Synthesis of Tumonoic Acid A and its Derivatives
Authors: Nagalatha G. , Narala Siva , Narsaiah A.
Published: September 2018

An efficient protecting-group-free synthesis of tumonoic acid A and its derivatives has been accomplished. The synthesis started from commercially available n-octanal and employs the magnesium chloride catalysed anti-aldol reaction under the Evans protocol as the key step. Ethyl tumonoate A is a new tumonoic acid derivative with anti-inflammatory activity and inhibitory activity towards calcium oscillations in neocortical neurons.
A Simple and Mild Microwave-Based Synthesis of Novel Functionalized Benzofulvenes
Authors: Glass Adam , Caspary Katherine , Fisher Cole , Whyte Connor , Okubo James , Zakharov Lev
Published: September 2018

Benzofulvenes and their derivatives are useful molecular entities having applications as biologically active molecules, polymer precursors, and optoelectronic devices. We have developed a simple and mild synthetic method for the formulation of a variety of these interesting compounds. Using carbonyl coupling techniques combined with microwave heating, a wide variety of functionalized benzofulvenes can be accessed rapidly in good yield. Furthermore, we have obtained five crystal structures further expanding a limited number of benzofulvene structures available.
Artroplastia total de cadera posterior a una infección por Tuberculosis: Caso clínico y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Cabello Carlos , Wilson César , Lopez Felipe , Mesa Cecilia
Published: September 2018

La tuberculosis persiste siendo un problema importante a nivel mundial. A pesar de que el compromiso de la cadera es infrecuente, su aparición representa un escenario complejo. Presentamos un paciente masculino que desarrolló una infección de la cadera que fue diagnosticada como tuberculosis de forma tardía. El paciente recibió tratamiento médico por 6 meses y luego se realizó una artroplastia total de cadera en dos tiempos, con éxito. Presentamos el reporte de un caso completo, junto a su seguimiento al aão y una revisión de la literatura sobre el tema.
Maxillary Sinus Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Clinical Study
Authors: Hohchi Nobusuke , Wakasugi Tetsuro , Takenaga Fumiko , Takeuchi Shoko , Ohkubo Jun-ichi , Koizumi Hiroki , Ohbuchi Toyoaki , Suzuki Hideaki
Published: September 2018

We retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma. The patients were 22 newly diagnosed cases of maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma who were treated at our institute between 2005 and 2016. There were 19 males and 3 females, ranging in age from 45 to 83 years (average age: 64.2 years). Our treatment protocol was as follows: All patients received chemoradiotherapy with weekly superselective intra-arterial administration of cisplatin (radiotherapy and concomitant intra-arterial cisplatin [RADPLAT]; 100–120 mg/body). Good responders at 30 to 40 Gy received additional radiotherapy (RADPLAT, ordinary chemoradiotherapy, or radiotherapy alone) until the total dose reached 72 Gy, whereas the other patients underwent radical surgery (partial maxillectomy, total maxillectomy, or extended total maxillectomy). The latter patients were given postoperative (chemo)radiotherapy up to a total dose of 72 Gy, when histopathological examination revealed insufficient resection or a positive surgical margin. The overall 5-year crude and disease-specific survival rates determined by the Kaplan–Meier method were 47.8 and 56.9%, respectively. The crude survival rate tended to be higher in T3 patients than in T4 patients (80.0 vs. 29.9%, p = 0.077). Seven patients died of the primary disease. The cause of death was distant metastasis in four patients, recurrence of the primary lesion in two patients, and cervical lymph node metastasis in one patient. These results suggest the importance of early detection and early treatment, and of the development of more effective treatment for advanced maxillary cancers, to further improve the survival rate.