bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic diversity of Greek grapevine (Vitis viniferaL.) cultivars using ampelographic and microsatellite markers
Authors: Tsivelikas Athanasios L. , Avramidou Evangelia V. , Ralli Parthenopi E. , Ganopoulos Ioannis V. , Moysiadis Theodoros , Kapazoglou Aliki , Aravanopoulos Filippos A. , Doulis Andreas G.
Published: December 2022

Grapevine (Vitis viniferaL.) is a major worldwide crop of high economic importance, tightly interwoven with the traditions and the culture of many civilizations. The Greek vineyard is one of the oldest in the world composed of an ample number of highly diverse indigenous landraces. However, over the last decades the local cultivated grapevine germplasm has undergone a drastic reduction of diversity, due to the established market preferences for international varieties. In the current work a combined approach involving both, ampelographic traits and microsatellite markers has been undertaken, to study the genetic diversity within and among 96 grapevine genotypes belonging to 36V. viniferasubsp.viniferacultivars, predominantly representing autochthonous Greek landraces. Results revealed high genetic diversity for the Greek cultivars yielding a mean number of alleles per locus 14.69 and mean polymorphic information content 0.848. Hierarchical cluster analysis, employing both, ampelographic and microsatellite data, showed a clear distinction based on the origin of the germplasm; Anatolian versus Mediterranean. Principal component analysis, based on the most informative ampelographic traits, coupled to the results from genetic structure analysis further corroborated the proposal of germplasm differentiation on the basis of geographic origin. This information can be further utilized for the reconstitution of the Greek vineyard and can significantly contribute towards a rational conservation and utilization strategy for breeding or for direct cultivation of the Greek indigenous grapevine germplasm.
No Longer Marginal? Finding a Place for Lobbyists and Lobbying in EU Law Research
Authors: Korkea-aho Emilia
Published: December 2022

Putting ‘lobbyists’ and ‘lobbying’ on the EU law map – acknowledging that there is little interest in lobbying by EU legal research – explaining why EU lawyers and especially constitutional law scholars should be interested in lobbying – presenting a framework to study lobbyists as regulated actors under EU law – considering the merits of ethnographically-oriented socio-legal research and the ‘new legal realism’ as methods of studying lobbyists and lobbying.
When the Aral Sea Dried Up, Central Asia Became Dustier
Authors: Sidik Saima
Published: December 2022

Winds kick up large amounts of dust from the desert that has formed as the world’s fourth largest lake has disappeared, spreading it around the region and raising concerns about public health.
The Delayed Response of the Troposphere‐Stratosphere‐Mesosphere Coupling to the 2019 Southern SSW
Authors: Yang Chengyun , Li Tao , Lai Dexin , Wang Xinyue , Xue Xianghui , Dou Xiankang
Published: December 2022

A strong Southern Hemisphere (SH) sudden stratospheric warming event occurred in September 2019 and significantly weakened the stratospheric polar vortex. Due to the positive zonal wind anomalies in the troposphere, the barotropic/baroclinic instability, primarily controlled by the horizontal/vertical wind shear, weakened in the upper troposphere at midlatitudes in late September and early October. As a result, planetary waves (PWs) were deflected equatorward near the tropopause rather than upward into the stratosphere, resulting in less perturbation to the stratospheric polar vortex. After October 15, the westward zonal wind anomalies propagate downward and reach the troposphere, increasing the tropospheric barotropic/baroclinic instability. This benefits the propagation of PWs into the stratosphere, leading to the early breaking of the stratospheric polar vortex. In turn, the SH mesosphere becomes anomalously cold due to the stratospheric wind filtering on the gravity waves, leading to the much earlier onset of SH polar mesospheric clouds.
The Transformation and Export of Organic Carbon Across an Arctic River‐Delta‐Ocean Continuum
Authors: Clark J. Blake , Mannino Antonio , Tzortziou Maria , Spencer Robert G. M. , Hernes Peter
Published: December 2022

The Arctic Ocean is surrounded by land that feeds highly seasonal rivers with water enriched in high concentrations of dissolved and particulate organic carbon (DOC and POC). Explicit estimates of the flux of organic carbon across the land‐ocean interface are difficult to quantify and many interdependent processes makes source attribution difficult. A high‐resolution 3‐D biogeochemical model was built for the lower Yukon River and coastal ocean to estimate biogeochemical cycling across the land‐ocean continuum. The model solves for complex reactions related to organic carbon transformation, including mechanistic photodegradation and multi‐reactivity microbial processing, DOC–POC flocculation, and phytoplankton dynamics. The baseline DOC and POC flux out of the delta from April to September 2019, was 977 and 536 Gg C (∼80% of the annual total), but only 50% of the DOC and 25% of the POC exited the plume across the 10 m isobath. Microbial breakdown of DOC accounted for a net loss of 168 Gg C (17% of delta export) within the plume and photodegradation accounted for a net loss of 46.6 Gg C DOC (5% of delta export) in 2019. Flocculation decreased the total organic carbon flux by only 6.4 Gg C (∼1%), while POC sinking accounted for 63.3 Gg C (10%) settling in the plume. The loss of chromophoric dissolved organic matter due to photodegradation increased the light available for phytoplankton growth throughout the coastal ocean, demonstrating the secondary effects that organic carbon reactions can have on biological processes and the net coastal carbon flux.
Neural underpinnings of open-label placebo effects in emotional distress
Authors: Schaefer Michael , Kühnel Anja , Schweitzer Felix , Enge Sören , Gärtner Matti
Published: December 2022

While placebo effects are well-known, research in the last decade revealed intriguing effects that placebos may have beneficial effects even when given without deception. At first glance, this seems paradoxical, but several studies have reported improvements in pain, depression, or anxiety. However, it still remains unclear whether these results represent objective biological effects or simply a bias in response and what neural underpinnings are associated with the open-label placebo effects. In two studies, we address this gap by demonstrating that open-label placebos reduce self-reported emotional distress when viewing highly arousing negative pictures. This reduced emotional distress was associated with an activation of brain areas known to modulate affective states such as the periaqueductal gray, the bilateral anterior hippocampi, and the anterior cingulate cortex. We did not find any prefrontal brain activation. Furthermore, brain activation was not associated with expectation of effects. In contrast, we found that brain responses were linked to general belief in placebos. The results demonstrate that the neural mechanisms of open-label placebo effects are partly identical to the neurobiological underpinnings of conventional placebos, but our study also highlights important differences with respect to a missing engagement of prefrontal brain regions, suggesting that expectation of effects may play a less prominent role in open-label placebos.
The metabolic regulator USF-1 is involved in the control of affective behaviour in mice
Authors: Sideromenos Spyros , Nikou Maria , Czuczu Barbara , Thalheimer Nikolas , Gundacker Anna , Horvath Orsolya , Cuenca Rico Laura , Stöhrmann Peter , Niello Marco , Partonen Timo , Pollak Daniela D.
Published: December 2022

Epidemiological studies indicate a bidirectional association between metabolic disturbances, including obesity and related pathological states, and mood disorders, most prominently major depression. However, the biological mechanisms mediating the comorbid relationship between the deranged metabolic and mood states remain incompletely understood. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the enhanced activation of brown fat tissue (BAT), known to beneficially regulate obesity and accompanying dysfunctional metabolic states, is also paralleled by an alteration of affective behaviour. We used upstream stimulatory factor 1 (USF-1) knock-out (KO) mice as a genetic model of constitutively activated BAT and positive cardiometabolic traits and found a reduction of depression-like and anxiety-like behaviours associated with USF-1 deficiency. Surgical removal of interscapular BAT did not impact the behavioural phenotype of USF-1 KO mice. Further, the absence of USF-1 did not lead to alterations of adult hippocampal neural progenitor cell proliferation, differentiation, or survival. RNA-seq analysis characterised the molecular signature of USF-1 deficiency in the hippocampus and revealed a significant increase in the expression of several members of the X-linked lymphocyte-regulated (xlr) genes, including xlr3b and xlr4b. Xlr genes are the mouse orthologues of the human FAM9 gene family and are implicated in the regulation of dendritic branching, dendritic spine number and morphology. The transcriptional changes were associated with morphological alterations in hippocampal neurons, manifested in reduced dendritic length and complexity in USF-1 KO mice. Collectively these data suggest that the metabolic regulator USF-1 is involved in the control of affective behaviour in mice and that this modulation of mood states is unrelated to USF-1-dependent BAT activation, but reflected in structural changes in the brain.
Acetylation of Checkpoint suppressor 1 enhances its stability and promotes the progression of triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Xu Zhaowei , Liu Shuyan , Feng Chun , Xu Fuyi , Kong Demin , Mi Jia , Yang Chunhua , Zhang Guilong , Wei Pengfei , Orgil Buyan-Ochir , Bergquist Jonas , Tian Geng
Published: December 2022

Checkpoint suppressor 1 (CHES1), a transcriptional regulator, had been dysregulated in many types of malignancies including breast cancer, and its expression level is strongly associated with progression and prognosis of patients. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms of CHES1 expression in the breast cancer and the effects of post-translational modifications (PTMs) on its functional performance remain to be fully investigated. Herein, we found that CHES1 had a high abundance in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and its expression was tightly associated with malignant phenotype and poor outcomes of patients. Furthermore, we confirmed that CHES1 was an acetylated protein and its dynamic modification was mediated by p300 and HDAC1, and CHES1 acetylation enhanced its stability via decreasing its ubiquitination and degradation, which resulted in the high abundance of CHES1 in TNBC. RNA-seq and functional study revealed that CHES1 facilitated the activation of oncogenic genes and pathways leading to proliferation and metastasis of TNBC. Taken together, this research established a novel regulatory role of acetylation on the stability and activity of CHES1. The results demonstrate the significance of CHES1 acetylation and underlying mechanisms in the progression of TNBC, offering new potential candidate for molecular-targeted therapy in breast cancer.
A self-powered ingestible wireless biosensing system for real-time in situ monitoring of gastrointestinal tract metabolites
Authors: De la Paz Ernesto , Maganti Nikhil Harsha , Trifonov Alexander , Jeerapan Itthipon , Mahato Kuldeep , Yin Lu , Sonsa-ard Thitaporn , Ma Nicolas , Jung Won , Burns Ryan , Zarrinpar Amir , Wang Joseph , Mercier Patrick P.
Published: December 2022

Information related to the diverse and dynamic metabolite composition of the small intestine is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. However, our current understanding of the physiochemical dynamics of metabolic processes within the small intestine is limited due to the lack of in situ access to the intestinal environment. Here, we report a demonstration of a battery-free ingestible biosensing system for monitoring metabolites in the small intestine. As a proof of concept, we monitor the intestinal glucose dynamics on a porcine model. Battery-free operation is achieved through a self-powered glucose biofuel cell/biosensor integrated into a circuit that performs energy harvesting, biosensing, and wireless telemetry via a power-to-frequency conversion scheme using magnetic human body communication. Such long-term biochemical analysis could potentially provide critical information regarding the complex and dynamic small intestine metabolic profiles.
PPM1D suppresses p53-dependent transactivation and cell death by inhibiting the Integrated Stress Response
Authors: Andrysik Zdenek , Sullivan Kelly D. , Kieft Jeffrey S. , Espinosa Joaquin M.
Published: December 2022

The p53 transcription factor is a master regulator of cellular stress responses inhibited by repressors such as MDM2 and the phosphatase PPM1D. Activation of p53 with pharmacological inhibitors of its repressors is being tested in clinical trials for cancer therapy, but efficacy has been limited by poor induction of tumor cell death. We demonstrate that dual inhibition of MDM2 and PPM1D induces apoptosis in multiple cancer cell types via amplification of the p53 transcriptional program through the eIF2α-ATF4 pathway. PPM1D inhibition induces phosphorylation of eIF2α, ATF4 accumulation, and ATF4-dependent enhancement of p53-dependent transactivation upon MDM2 inhibition. Dual inhibition of p53 repressors depletes heme and induces HRI-dependent eIF2α phosphorylation. Pharmacological induction of eIF2α phosphorylation synergizes with MDM2 inhibition to induce cell death and halt tumor growth in mice. These results demonstrate that PPM1D inhibits both the p53 network and the integrated stress response controlled by eIF2α-ATF4, with clear therapeutic implications.
Spin structure and dynamics of the topological semimetal Co3Sn2-xInxS2
Authors: Neubauer Kelly J. , Ye Feng , Shi Yue , Malinowski Paul , Gao Bin , Taddei Keith M. , Bourges Philippe , Ivanov Alexandre , Chu Jiun-Haw , Dai Pengcheng
Published: December 2022

The anomalous Hall effect (AHE), typically observed in ferromagnetic (FM) metals with broken time-reversal symmetry, depends on electronic and magnetic properties. In Co3Sn2-xInxS2, a giant AHE has been attributed to Berry curvature associated with the FM Weyl semimetal phase, yet recent studies report complicated magnetism. We use neutron scattering to determine the spin dynamics and structures as a function of x and provide a microscopic understanding of the AHE and magnetism interplay. Spin gap and stiffness indicate a contribution from Weyl fermions consistent with the AHE. The magnetic structure evolves from c-axis ferromagnetism at $$x = 0$$

x
=
0

to a canted antiferromagnetic (AFM) structure with reduced c-axis moment and in-plane AFM order at $$x = 0.12$$

x
=
0.12

and further reduced c-axis FM moment at $$x = 0.3$$

x
=
0.3

. Since noncollinear spins can induce non-zero Berry curvature in real space acting as a fictitious magnetic field, our results revealed another AHE contribution, establishing the impact of magnetism on transport.
Efficacy of supermarket and web-based interventions for improving dietary quality: a randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Steen Dylan L. , Helsley Robert N. , Bhatt Deepak L. , King Eileen C. , Summer Suzanne S. , Fenchel Matthew , Saelens Brian E. , Eckman Mark H. , Couch Sarah C.
Published: December 2022

Dietary interventions may best be delivered at supermarkets, which offer convenience, accessibility, full food inventories and, increasingly, in-store registered dietitians, online shopping and delivery services. In collaboration with a large retail supermarket chain, we conducted a multisite supermarket and web-based intervention targeting nutrition trial (no. NCT03895580), randomizing participants (n = 247 (139 women and 108 men)) 2:2:1 to two levels of dietary education (Strategy 1 and Strategy 2) or an enhanced control group that included educational components beyond the routine standard of care. Both Strategies 1 and 2 included individualized, in-person, dietitian-led, purchasing data-guided interventions. Strategy 2 also included online tools for shopping, home delivery, selection of healthier purchases, meal planning and healthy recipes. The primary endpoint was change in dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) score (a measure of adherence to the DASH diet) from baseline to 3 months. The primary endpoint was met because, at 3 months, the DASH score increased by 4.7 more for the combined Strategy 1 and Strategy 2 groups than for the control group (95% confidence interval (CI) (0.9, 8.5), P = 0.02). In a prespecified hierarchical test, at 3 months, DASH score increased by 3.8 more for the Strategy 2 group than for the Strategy 1 group (95% CI (0.8, 6.9), P = 0.01). This trial demonstrates the efficacy of data-guided, supermarket-based, dietary interventions and modern online shopping tools in improving dietary quality in a free-living, community-based population. The trial also demonstrates the opportunity for academic investigators to collaborate with retailers to design and rigorously test comprehensive healthcare interventions.
Development and validation of a novel immune-related prognostic signature in lung squamous cell carcinoma patients
Authors: Liu Xianyu , Zhao Deze , Shan Yunhan , Cui Weifang , Xie Qun , Jiang Junjie , Peng Wei , Zhang Chunfang , Duan Chaojun
Published: December 2022

Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma (LUSC) is an aggressive malignancy with limited therapeutic options. The response to immune therapy is a determining factor for the prognosis of LUSC patients. This study aimed to develop a reliable immune-related prognostic signature in LUSC. We extracted gene expression and clinical data of LUSC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). A total of 502 patients enrolled and were divided into respond and non-responder groups by the TIDE algorithm. The CIBERSORT algorithm and the LM22 gene signature were used to analyze the distribution of immune cells in LUSC. Efficacy and response strength of immunotherapy are calculated by the tumor mutation burden (TMB) and ESTIMATE Score. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the two groups were analyzed. The differential expression genes related to overall survival were pointed as hub DEGs, and a prognostic signature was constructed with lasso regression analysis. LUSC patients were divided into responder and non-responder groups based on the response to immunotherapy. The distribution of immune cells was significantly different between the two groups. Forty-four DGEs were considered as overall survival-related genes. A prognostic signature was constructed, consisting of 11 hub-DGEs, including MMP20, C18orf26, CASP14, FAM71E2, OPN4, CGB5, DIRC1, C9orf11, SPATA8, C9orf144B, and ZCCHC5. The signature can accurately distinguish LUSC patients into high and low-risk groups. Moreover, the high-risk group had a shorter survival time than the low-risk group. The area under the ROC curve was 0.67. The multivariate Cox regression showed that the risk score calculated by the constructed signature was an independent prognostic predictor for LUSC patients. In short, we established a novel immune-related prognostic signature in LUCS, which has significant sensitivity and accuracy in predicting the prognosis of patients. Our research can guide the evaluation of the prognosis of LUSC patients in clinical, and the discovered immune-related genes can provide a theoretical basis for the discovery of new therapeutic targets.
A hybrid interpretable deep structure based on adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system, decision tree, and K-means for intrusion detection
Authors: Liu Jia , Yinchai Wang , Siong Teh Chee , Li Xinjin , Zhao Liping , Wei Fengrui
Published: December 2022

For generating an interpretable deep architecture for identifying deep intrusion patterns, this study proposes an approach that combines ANFIS (Adaptive Network-based Fuzzy Inference System) and DT (Decision Tree) for interpreting the deep pattern of intrusion detection. Meanwhile, for improving the efficiency of training and predicting, Pearson Correlation analysis, standard deviation, and a new adaptive K-means are used to select attributes and make fuzzy interval decisions. The proposed algorithm was trained, validated, and tested on the NSL-KDD (National security lab–knowledge discovery and data mining) dataset. Using 22 attributes that highly related to the target, the performance of the proposed method achieves a 99.86% detection rate and 0.14% false alarm rate on the KDDTrain+ dataset, a 77.46% detection rate on the KDDTest+ dataset, which is better than many classifiers. Besides, the interpretable model can help us demonstrate the complex and overlapped pattern of intrusions and analyze the pattern of various intrusions.
Moss establishment success is determined by the interaction between propagule size and species identity
Authors: Hurtado Fernando , Estébanez Belén , Aragón Pedro , Hortal Joaquín , Molina-Bustamante Manuel , Medina Nagore G.
Published: December 2022

Colonization of new habitat patches is a key aspect of metacommunity dynamics, particularly for sessile organisms. Mosses can establish in new patches through fragmentation, with different vegetative structures acting as propagules. Despite the importance of these propagules for successful colonization the specific aspects that favour moss colonization by vegetative propagules remain poorly understood, including the effect of propagule size. We examine the intra- and interspecific variation of establishment and colonization success in culture of propagules of different sizes in six widespread soil moss species of contrasting growth form (Dicranum scoparium,Homalothecium aureum,Hypnum cupressiforme,Ptychostomum capillare,Syntrichia ruralisandTortella squarrosa). We obtained three different size classes of propagules from artificially fragmented vegetative material, and assessed their establishment under controlled light and temperature conditions. We characterize the size, shape, apparent viability, morphological type and size changes due to hydration states of the propagules, all of them traits with potentially significant influence in their dispersal pattern and establishment. Then we assess the effect of these traits on moss establishment, using indicators of surface establishment (number of established shoots and colonized surface) and biomass production (viable biomass) as proxies of colonization success. The establishment indicators related to colonization surface and biomass production differ among species and propagule sizes. The magnitude of the interspecific differences of all indicators of establishment success was larger at the smaller propagule size class.T. squarrosawas the most successful species, andD. scopariumshowed the lowest performance. We also found interspecific differences in the hydration dynamics of the propagules. The process of establishment by vegetative fragments operates differently among moss species. Besides, differences between hydration states in propagules of some species could be part of syndromes for both dispersal and establishment. This study unveils several functional traits relevant for moss colonization, such as wetversusdry area and length of fragments, which may improve our understanding of their spatial dynamics.
Changes in childhood stroke mortality from 1990 to 2019 in Brazil and its federative units
Authors: Tanisaka Laura Silveira , Oliveira Fernando Rocha , de Alcantara Sousa Luiz Vinicius , de Abreu Luiz Carlos , Adami Fernando , da Silva Paiva Laércio
Published: December 2022

This research analyzed the temporal trend of stroke mortality in children aged 0–14 years, from 1990 to 2019, in Brazil and its federative units. This ecological study used data from the Global Burden of Disease, a study led by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. Stroke definition considered the International Classification of Diseases according to codes G45, G46, and I60–I69. Age-standardized mortality rates and the mean annual percentage change (APC) in mortality rates were estimated. Stroke mortality trends decreased, with an APC of − 3.9% (95% CI − 4.5; − 3.3; p < 0.001). Reducing trends were found in all but two states, where they were stationary. Maranhão (− 6.5%; 95% CI − 7.6; − 5.4; p < 0.001) had the greatest reduction and Rondônia, the smallest (− 1.2%; 95% CI − 2.3; − 0.1, p = 0.027). Decrease was more important in children < 5 (− 5.8%; 95% CI − 6.3; − 5.2; p < 0.001) compared to 5–14 years old (− 2.1%; 95% CI − 2.9; − 1.3; p < 0.001); additionally, it was greater in girls (− 4.1%; 95% CI − 4.6; − 3.5; p < 0.001) than in boys (− 3.8%; 95% IC − 4.5; − 3.1; p < 0.001). Ischemic stroke had the highest APC (− 6.1%; 95% CI − 6.8; − 5.3; p < 0.001), followed by intracranial hemorrhage (− 5.3%; 95% CI − 6.1; − 4.5; p < 0.001) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (− 2.7%; 95% CI − 3.3; − 2.1; p < 0.001). Largest reductions were seen in states with more vulnerable socioeconomic contexts. The stationary trends and lowest APCs were concentrated in the northern region, which had greater impact of diseases and less favorable outcomes.
Oligomerization of the heteromeric γ-aminobutyric acid receptor GABAB in a eukaryotic cell-free system
Authors: Ullrich Jessica , Göhmann Philip Jonas , Zemella Anne , Kubick Stefan
Published: December 2022

Understanding the assembly mechanism and function of membrane proteins is a fundamental problem in biochemical research. Among the membrane proteins, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent the largest class in the human body and have long been considered to function as monomers. Nowadays, the oligomeric assembly of GPCRs is widely accepted, although the functional importance and therapeutic intervention remain largely unexplored. This is partly due to difficulties in the heterologous production of membrane proteins. Cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) with its endogenous endoplasmic reticulum-derived structures has proven as a technique to address this issue. In this study, we investigate for the first time the conceptual CFPS of a heteromeric GPCR, the γ-aminobutyric acid receptor type B (GABAB), from its protomers BR1 and BR2 using a eukaryotic cell-free lysate. Using a fluorescence-based proximity ligation assay, we provide evidence for colocalization and thus suggesting heterodimerization. We prove the heterodimeric assembly by a bioluminescence resonance energy transfer saturation assay providing the manufacturability of a heterodimeric GPCR by CFPS. Additionally, we show the binding of a fluorescent orthosteric antagonist, demonstrating the feasibility of combining the CFPS of GPCRs with pharmacological applications. These results provide a simple and powerful experimental platform for the synthesis of heteromeric GPCRs and open new perspectives for the modelling of protein–protein interactions. Accordingly, the presented technology enables the targeting of protein assemblies as a new interface for pharmacological intervention in disease-relevant dimers.
Honey bee colony loss linked to parasites, pesticides and extreme weather across the United States
Authors: Insolia Luca , Molinari Roberto , Rogers Stephanie R. , Williams Geoffrey R. , Chiaromonte Francesca , Calovi Martina
Published: December 2022

Honey bee (Apis mellifera) colony loss is a widespread phenomenon with important economic and biological implications, whose drivers are still an open matter of investigation. We contribute to this line of research through a large-scale, multi-variable study combining multiple publicly accessible data sources. Specifically, we analyzed quarterly data covering the contiguous United States for the years 2015-2021, and combined open data on honey bee colony status and stressors, weather data, and land use. The different spatio-temporal resolutions of these data are addressed through an up-scaling approach that generates additional statistical features which capture more complex distributional characteristics and significantly improve modeling performance. Treating this expanded feature set with state-of-the-art feature selection methods, we obtained findings that, nation-wide, are in line with the current knowledge on the aggravating roles of Varroa destructor and pesticides in colony loss. Moreover, we found that extreme temperature and precipitation events, even when controlling for other factors, significantly impact colony loss. Overall, our results reveal the complexity of biotic and abiotic factors affecting managed honey bee colonies across the United States.
Unsupervised determination of lung tumor margin with widefield polarimetric second-harmonic generation microscopy
Authors: Mirsanaye Kamdin , Uribe Castaño Leonardo , Kamaliddin Yasmeen , Golaraei Ahmad , Kontenis Lukas , Ẑurauskas Edvardas , Navab Roya , Yasufuku Kazuhiro , Tsao Ming-Sound , Wilson Brian C. , Barzda Virginijus
Published: December 2022

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is amongst many tissue components affected by cancer, however, morphological changes of the ECM are not well-understood and thus, often omitted from diagnostic considerations. Polarimetric second-harmonic generation (P-SHG) microscopy allows for visualization and characterization of collagen ultrastructure in the ECM, aiding in better understanding of the changes induced by cancer throughout the tissue. In this paper, a large region of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained human lung section, encompassing a tumor margin, connecting a significant tumor portion to normal tissue was imaged with P-SHG microscopy. The resulting polarimetric parameters were utilized in principal components analysis and unsupervised K-Means clustering to separate normal- and tumor-like tissue. Consequently, a pseudo-color map of the clustered tissue regions is generated to highlight the irregularity of the ECM collagen structure throughout the region of interest and to identify the tumor margin, in the absence of morphological characteristics of the cells.
Y-chromosome target enrichment reveals rapid expansion of haplogroup R1b-DF27 in Iberia during the Bronze Age transition
Authors: García-Fernández Carla , Lizano Esther , Telford Marco , Olalde Íñigo , de Cid Rafael , Larmuseau Maarten H. D. , M. de Pancorbo Marian , Calafell Francesc
Published: December 2022

The Y chromosome can yield a unique perspective into the study of human demographic history. However, due to the repetitive nature of part of its sequence, only a small set of regions are suitable for variant calling and discovery from short-read sequencing data. These regions combined represent 8.9 Mbp or 0.14% of a diploid human genome. Consequently, investing in whole-genome sequencing to resolve Y-chromosome questions is poorly efficient. Here we use, as an alternative, target enrichment technology to greatly increase sequencing effectiveness, validating and applying the technique to 181 males, for 162 of whom we obtained a positive result. Additionally, 75 samples sequenced for the whole genome were also included, for a total sample size of 237. These samples were chosen for their Y chromosome haplogroup: R1b-DF27. In the context of European populations, and particularly in Iberia, this haplogroup stands out for its high frequency and its demographic history. Current evidence indicates that the diffusion of this haplogroup is related to the population movements that mark the cultural Bronze Age transition, making it remarkably interesting for population geneticists. The results of this study show the effects of the rapid radiation of the haplogroup in Spain, as even with the higher discriminating power of whole sequences, most haplotypes still fall within the R1b-DF27* paragroup rather than in the main derived branches. However, we were able to refine the ISOGG 2019–2020 phylogeny, and its two main subbranches, namely L176.2 and Z272, which present geographical differentiation between the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts of Iberia.
Positive attentional bias mediates the relationship between trait emotional intelligence and trait affect
Authors: Suslow Thomas , Hoepfel Dennis , Günther Vivien , Kersting Anette , Bodenschatz Charlott Maria
Published: December 2022

Emotional intelligence and, in particular, the component emotion regulation may increase well-being and improve mood and coping with negative emotions. In the present eye-tracking study, we examined whether attention allocation to positive stimuli mediates the relationship between emotion regulation abilities and trait affect. Gaze behavior of 104 healthy adults was analyzed in a free-viewing task, in which happy, sad, angry, and neutral faces were shown simultaneously for ten seconds. Dwell time on facial expressions was used as indicator of attention allocation. Trait emotional intelligence was assessed using the Self-Rated Emotional Intelligence Scale. Self-report measures of state and trait positive and negative affect, trait anxiety, and depression were administered. In general, participants viewed longer at happy than at negative or neutral faces. The results of mediation analyses indicated that intrapersonal and interpersonal emotion regulation abilities were indirectly related to trait positive affect through attention to happy faces. Moreover, dwell time on happy faces had a mediating effect on the relationship between interpersonal emotion regulation ability and trait anxiety. Preference for positive social signals might form one attentional pathway through which emotion regulation abilities promote positive mood and buffer the development of anxiety reactions in everyday life.
A six lipid metabolism related gene signature for predicting the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Xu Kequan , Xia Peng , Liu Pan , Zhang Xiao
Published: December 2022

Globally, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal malignant tumors. Studies have shown that alterations in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) play a significant role in the pathogenesis and progression of HCC, and notably, lipid metabolism has been shown to regulate TIME. Therefore, in predicting the prognosis and efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with HCC, lipid metabolism-related prognostic factors are highly relevant. mRNA expression data of HCC were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC), and gene expression omnibus (GEO) databases. and lipid metabolism-related genes were also obtained from the GSEA databases. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis, univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis were used to explore lipid metabolism-related prognostic genes and further construct a prognostic signature in the training set, ICGC and GSE54236 were used to validate the accuracy of the signature. qRT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related prognostic genes in HCC tissues and their paired adjacent tissues. Nile red staining was used to demonstrate lipid content in HCC tissues. Immunofluores-cence and ELISA were used to detect immune cells and immune responses in HCC tissues and serum. Six lipid metabolism-related genes (ADH1C, APEX1, ME1, S100A10, ACACA and CYP2C9) were identified as independent prognostic factors, which were used for risk model construction for HCC patients. The areas under the 1-, 2-, and 3-year ROC curves for the TCGA cohort were 0.758, 0.701 and 0.671, respectively. Compared with paired paracancerous tissues, qRT-PCR revealed that APEX1, ME1, S100A10 and ACACA were up-regulated in HCC tissues, whereas ADH1C and CYP2C9 were down-regulated in HCC tissues. Nile red staining indicated that this study showed that both the HCC tissue and serum of patients in the high-risk group exhibited lipid accumulation. Our identified prognostic model comprising six lipid metabolism-related genes could provide survival prediction. Moreover, HCC drug therapy target selection and molecular marker research can be guided by our predictive model.
Individual variability in habitat selection by aquatic insects is driven by taxonomy rather than specialisation
Authors: Šigutová Hana , Šigut Martin , Dolný Aleš , Harabiš Filip
Published: December 2022

Habitat selection, the choice of a habitat based on its perceived quality, is a key mechanism structuring freshwater communities. To date, individual variability in habitat selection has been neglected, and specialisation has never been considered in this type of studies. We examined the individual differences in the habitat selection of backswimmers (Notonectidae) and diving beetles (Dytiscidae). From each family, we selected one habitat generalist able to coexist with fish (Notonecta glauca,Dytiscus marginalis), and one species specialised to fishless habitats (Notonecta obliqua,Acilius sulcatus). We performed a mesocosm experiment quantifying the consistency in individuals’ decisions in response to fish and vegetation structure, in relation to sex and specialisation. Neither the overall pattern of preferences nor consistency in individuals’ decisions differed between specialists and generalists or between the sexes, but both were consistent within families. At the population level, backswimmers preferred fishless pools with submersed and floating macrophytes, while diving beetles showed no clear preferences. Individual decisions of backswimmers were consistent and likely driven by conspecific/heterospecific attraction. In diving beetles, individual decisions were primarily density-dependent. Our results reinforce the significance of habitat selectivity for aquatic community assembly, while suggesting a range of mechanisms driving variability in individual behaviour.
The influence of perceived government corruption on depressive symptoms with social status as a moderator
Authors: Zhang Yujie
Published: December 2022

Perceived government corruption is an important indicator of depressive symptoms. Recent studies have explored the relationship between perceived government corruption and depressive symptoms in a cross-cultural context, but the underlying mechanisms need further research. This paper examines the impact of perceived government corruption on depressive symptoms in China and the moderating role of social status. Based on the 2018 wave of China Family Panel Studies (CFPS2018), 14,116 respondents aged between 16 and 96 were selected. The results revealed: (1) Perceived government corruption was significantly positively correlated with depressive symptoms. (2) Social class had an inhibitory effect in moderating the relationship between perceived government corruption and depressive symptoms. (3) The moderating effect was only significant for respondents who received education between junior high school and a bachelor’s degree. The findings provide policy implications for developing countries and transitional societies like China. To build a more psychologically healthy society, we need to strengthen anti-corruption, stimulate social mobility, and improve people's sense of gain in the future
Prediction method of cutting stability of roadheader based on the Newton–Lagrange mixed discrete method
Authors: Zhu Yun , Xie Miao , Wang He
Published: December 2022

In order to study the influence of the multiple interaction of coal and rock and the velocity effect of the cutting head on the flutter stability of the cantilever roadheader, considering the physical characteristics of coal and rock, the structural parameters of the cutting head and the motion parameters of the cutting head, the functional expression of the cutting depth of the cutting head and the participating cutting teeth is fitted, the cutting state mechanical characteristic equation of the dynamic cutting of the cutting teeth is established, and based on the mapping relationship between the cutting teeth and the cutting head, a cutting dynamic model including multiple interactions between cutting head and coal and rock and the speed effect is constructed. An improved discrete method based on Newton–Lagrange mixed interpolation is proposed, and the influence law of the coupling effect of regeneration effect and velocity effect on the stability of cutting flutter under cutting state is clarified. The improved full discrete method is compared with the full discrete method and the semi-discrete method, and the superiority of the improved full discrete method based on the mixed interpolation method is proved. Based on the improved total discrete method, the influence of different cutting system dynamic parameters on the stability is studied. A cutting head coal rock system is built to simulate the flutter of the cutting system. The results show that the improved fully discrete method can reasonably predict the actual cutting state.
Microfluidic-based dynamic BH3 profiling predicts anticancer treatment efficacy
Authors: Manzano-Muñoz Albert , Yeste José , Ortega María A. , Martín Fernando , López Anna , Rosell Jordi , Castro Sandra , Serrano César , Samitier Josep , Ramón-Azcón Javier , Montero Joan
Published: December 2022

Precision medicine is starting to incorporate functional assays to evaluate anticancer agents on patient-isolated tissues or cells to select for the most effective. Among these new technologies, dynamic BH3 profiling (DBP) has emerged and extensively been used to predict treatment efficacy in different types of cancer. DBP uses synthetic BH3 peptides to measure early apoptotic events (‘priming’) and anticipate therapy-induced cell death leading to tumor elimination. This predictive functional assay presents multiple advantages but a critical limitation: the cell number requirement, that limits drug screening on patient samples, especially in solid tumors. To solve this problem, we developed an innovative microfluidic-based DBP (µDBP) device that overcomes tissue limitations on primary samples. We used microfluidic chips to generate a gradient of BIM BH3 peptide, compared it with the standard flow cytometry based DBP, and tested different anticancer treatments. We first examined this new technology’s predictive capacity using gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) cell lines, by comparing imatinib sensitive and resistant cells, and we could detect differences in apoptotic priming and anticipate cytotoxicity. We then validated µDBP on a refractory GIST patient sample and identified that the combination of dactolisib and venetoclax increased apoptotic priming. In summary, this new technology could represent an important advance for precision medicine by providing a fast, easy-to-use and scalable microfluidic device to perform DBP in situ as a routine assay to identify the best treatment for cancer patients.
Dual mimic enzyme properties of Fe nanoparticles embedded in two-dimensional carbon nanosheets for colorimetric detection of biomolecules
Authors: Wang Jie , Zhao Chenglong , Zhou Feijin , Lu Hui , Huang Zhenhong , Yao Cheng , Song Chan
Published: December 2022

Taking advantage of their dual enzymatic activity, Fe@CNs were employed in the construction of a universal sensing platform for the detection of biomolecules such as GSH, H2O2, and glucose.
Potent pan-group quorum sensing inhibitors in Staphylococcus aureus revealed by N-terminal tailoring of peptidomimetics
Authors: Zhao Ke , Vasquez Joseph K. , Blackwell Helen E.
Published: December 2022

Mimetics of a quorum sensing signal inhibit agr-type QS in S. aureus. These compounds include the most potent peptidomimetic-based QS inhibitor reported in S. aureus, remain active when tagged with a fluorescent label, and block agr in all four specificity groups.
Structure and reactivity studies of the aluminum analogue of Piers’ borane [HAl(C6F5)2]3
Authors: Tan Jingjie , Hu Chaopeng , Yang Xin , Ju Shaoying , Cao Levy L. , Wu Yile , Liu Liu Leo , Stephan Douglas W.
Published: December 2022

The aluminum analogue of Piers’ borane, [HAl(C6F5)2]3, is prepared on a gram-scale and shown to be highly acidic, a strong hydride donor, and a catalysts for the hydrosilylation of alkynes and alkenes.
In situelectrochemical observation of anisotropic lattice contraction of La0.6Sr0.4FeO3−δelectrodes during pulsed laser deposition
Authors: Riedl Christoph , Siebenhofer Matthäus , Ražnjević Sergej , Bumberger Andreas Ewald , Zhang Zaoli , Limbeck Andreas , Opitz Alexander Karl , Kubicek Markus , Fleig Jürgen
Published: December 2022

The electrochemical effects of anisotropic lattice deformation during La0.6Sr0.4FeO3−δgrowth by pulsed laser deposition are investigated byin situimpedance spectroscopy.
Enhanced internal ionic interaction of MFS efflux pump MdfA contributes to its elevated antibiotic export
Authors: Li Ying , Ge Xizhen
Published: December 2022

Enhanced internal ionic interaction of MdfA elevated the antibiotic resistance level ofE. coli.
Hydrocarboxylation of methanol to methyl acetate using rhodium and ruthenium nanoparticles supported on titanate nanotubes as catalysts: infrared spectroscopy study
Authors: Cardenas-Gonzalez O. D. , Santos-Lopez I. A. , Handy B. E. , Cano-Gomez J. J. , Ojeda-Galvan H. J. , De Haro-Del Rio D. A. , Bustos-Martinez D. , Flores-Escamilla G. A.
Published: December 2022

Direct conversion of CO2 and H2 to methyl acetate via the methanol hydrocarboxylation catalyzed by titanate nanotube-supported Rh and Ru catalysts: infrared spectroscopy evidence of surface species.
An integrated ion-exchange membrane-based microfluidic device for irreversible dissociation and quantification of miRNA from ribonucleoproteins
Authors: McCarthy Kyle P. , Go David B. , Senapati Satyajyoti , Chang Hsueh-Chia
Published: December 2022

An integrated ion-exchange membrane (IEM) based device for rapid and irreversible dissociation of protein-RNA complex (ribonucleoprotein, RNP) and quantification of its associated RNA.
6-Bromoindirubin-3′-oxime derivatives are highly active colistin adjuvants against Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: Li Haoting , Mattingly Anne E. , Smith Richard D. , Melander Roberta J. , Ernst Robert K. , Melander Christian
Published: December 2022

Multidrug resistant (MDR) bacterial infections have become increasingly common, leading clinicians to rely on last-resort antibiotics such as colistin.
X-ray structure of human aldo–keto reductase 1C3 in complex with a bile acid fused tetrazole inhibitor: experimental validation, molecular docking and structural analysis
Authors: Marinović Maja A. , Bekić Sofija S. , Kugler Michael , Brynda Jiří , Škerlová Jana , Škorić Dušan Đ. , Řezáčová Pavlína , Petri Edward T. , Ćelić Andjelka S.
Published: December 2022

Steroid bile acid fused tetrazoles were screened for ability to inhibit aldo–keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3), a target for cancer treatment. The X-ray structure of AKR1C3 in complex with a bile acid tetrazole inhibitor is presented.
Oleophobic coated composite materials based on multi-layer graphitic scaffolding: applications within aircraft propellant tanks and oil-spill clean-up
Authors: McLaren Rachel L. , da Costa Rosenildo C. , Booth Anna C. , Morgan David J. , Laycock Christian J. , Warwick Michael E. A. , Owen Gareth R.
Published: December 2022

Coated substrates based on a multi-layer graphitic material composite comprising of polyelectrolyte and fluorosurfactant components are reported. They exhibit oleophobic/hydrophilic properties and show potential in oil–water separation applications.
Reticular chemistry of uranyl phosphonates: synthesis, design, and beyond
Authors: Liu Ziwei , Han Chuang , Tan Wenzhuo , Ji Jinyan , Zheng Tao
Published: December 2022

The successful design strategy put reticular chemistry in uranyl phosphonate frameworks, which integrate multifunction to corresponding applications.
A cascade A3 coupling strategy towards the regioselective synthesis of β-carboline N-fused pyrrole derivatives with pyridine tethers
Authors: Vaishali  , Malakar Chandi C. , Singh Virender
Published: December 2022

A potential three component reaction strategy has been devised to generate nature inspired β-carboline N-fused pyrroles containing pyridine tethers.