bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization of MgCl2/Alcohol Based Ziegler−Natta Catalyst and its Precursors
Authors: Huang Wen Qing , Zhao Xi , Zhang Ying , Yang Wan Tai
Published: May 2011

MgCl2/alcohol complex treated with various Al-alkyl in preparing Ziegler-Natta catalyst and its precursors for polymerization of ethylene have been studied by XPS, SEM, and EDS. With different treatments, their different morphology and various structures were discussed in details. As a result, Al-alkyl treatment for MgCl2/alcohol complex plays a dominant role in dispersing active titanium on surface of catalyst. The proper species and concentration of Al-alkyl were confirmed to have high performance in dispersing titanium species in treatment of MgCl2/ alcohol complex. With lower concentration of TEA treatment, Ti distribution in catalyst was even with surface and body Ti/Mg ratio 0.04 and 0.03 respectively. In comparison, with higher concentration of TEA treatment, more Ti would be loaded on surface of catalyst. Ti distribution became to be uneven to form clubbed crystals on the surface. EDS results showed that Ti/Mg ratio was up to 6.2 on the clubbed crystals.
Hydroxylation of Benzene Catalyzed by Supported Phthalocyanine Catalysts
Authors: Guo Zhi Wei , Gu Ying Ying , Zhou Shi Lin , Ren Chen Hong
Published: May 2011

Phthalocyanine catalysts were synthesized and supported matel phthalocyanines were found to be good catalysts for benzene hydroxylation to phenol. Matel phthalocyanines were characterized by N2 absorption-desorption, FT-IR spectroscopy, and tranmsission electron microscopy. The experimental results suggested that the supported matel phthalocyanines were good catalysts for benzene hydoxylation reaction. Supported vanadium phthalocyanine performed the best catalytic activity, on which 11.6% of phenol yield and 100% of selectivity were obtained. And it was proved to be reusable in this reaction.
Effects of Temperature on Catalytic Hydrolysis of PET by Zinc Sulfate under Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Tang Qing Hua , Ma Yong Shuai , Zhang Dong
Published: May 2011

The effects of different temperatures on catalytic hydrolysis of polyethylene terephthalate(PET) by zinc sulfate as a catalyst under microwave irradiation were studied, and in the meantime, the relation between the depolymerization rate of PET and the yield of terephthalic acid(TPA) under the same temperature was investigated. The results suggested that the reaction temperature was an important influencing factor for the depolymerization reaction of PET, and the concentration of depolymerization product TPA and the depolymerization rate of PET became coherence under the same temperature.
Preparation and Characterization of Lignin Powder Micronized by a Supercritical Antisolvent (SAS) Process
Authors: Lu Qi , Zu Yuan Gang , Yang Lei , Zhao Xiu Hua , Liu Wen Jun , Zu Bai Shi
Published: May 2011

Nanoscale lignin was successfully prepared with a supercritical antisolvent (SAS) apparatus using acetone as a solvent and superciritical carbon dioxide as an antisolvent. Four factors were studied and optimized by a four-level orthogonal array design (OAD). According to analysis of variance, precipitation pressure had a significant effect on mean particle size. The optimal conditions are as follows: precipitation temperature 35 °C, precipitation pressure 30 MPa, temperature difference +10 °C and concentration of lignin solution 0.5 mg/mL. The micronized lignin under the optimal conditions was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analyses. The results showed the mean particle size of micronized lignin was 0.144 ± 0.03 μm and had no degradation. The solubility of micronized lignin was improved significantly in distilled water.
Preparation of Sandwich Bipolar Membrane and its Photocatalytic Properties
Authors: Chen Qiao Ping , Chen Shuang , Chen Ri Yao , Xie Hong Fang , Chen Zhen
Published: May 2011

The mCMC/TiO2-Oxine/mCS bipolar membrane (BPM) was prepared by carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as an anodic layer and chitosan (CS) as a cathodic layer modified by Cr3+and glutaraldehyde as linking reagents, respectively. The Nano-TiO2modified with the photosensitizer oxine was taken as a photocatalytic interlayer to enhance the water splitting in the interlayer of the BPM. The mCMC/TiO2-Oxine/mCS BPM shows a sandwich composition, and exhibited an excellent hydrophilic performance, lower impedance and working voltage. When the working current density is as high as 120 mA • cm-2, the working voltage is as low as 5.0 V with UV irradiation.
Photocatalytic Activities of Fe3+-Doped TiO2 Thin Films Prepared by Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Zheng Shu Kai
Published: May 2011

TiO2 and different contents Fe3+-doped TiO2 thin films were successfully obtained on microscope glass slides by Sol-Gel method. Then the photocatalytic activities of the samples were evaluated by the degradation of Rhodamine B dye solution. The effects of both annealing temperatures and Fe3+ contents on the photocatalytic activities of TiO2 thin films were examined. The results indicated that the sample with an atomic ratio of Ti:Fe=7:3 annealed at 500°C had a higher photocatalytic activity.
Phase Transformation of Cu-Mo-C Powder during Mechanical Alloying and Annealing Process
Authors: Zuo Ke Sheng , Xi Sheng Qi , Zhou Jing En
Published: May 2011

The allotropes of graphite and activated carbon were mixed with Cu and Mo powder, respectively. And the two groups of mixtures were high-energy milled and annealed. X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and DSC/TG were used to investigate the phase transformation during the milling and sintering process. For both groups of powder milled, Mo was hard to dissolve in Cu, and C mainly congregated in the surface of Cu powder. When Cu-Mo-graphite powder as milled was annealed, Mo2C was formed. In comparison to Cu-Mo-graphite alloyed powder, Cu-Mo-activated carbon powder partially formed Cu oxide and Mo oxide with higher binding energy during milling process, which caused higher reduction temperature of Cu oxide and reaction temperature of Mo2C.This template explains and demonstrates how to prepare your camera-ready paper for Trans Tech Publications. The best is to read these instructions and follow the outline of this text.
Development and Industrialization of the Ethylbenzene Production Technologies from Dilute Ethylene in FCC Dry Gas
Authors: Zhu Xiang Xue , Chen Fu Cun , An Jie , Zeng Peng , Xu Long Ya
Published: May 2011

This article demonstrates the design and industrial operation results of the ethylbenzene(EB) production technology from FCC dry gas by a combination of gas-phase alkylation and liquid-phase transalkylation, developed and commercialized by Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), CAS. Based on the high active modified ZSM-5/ZSM-11 co-crystalline zeolite alkylation catalyst and modified β zeolite transalkylation catalyst, both the alkylation and transalkylation reactions are performed under much milder conditions, resulting in low energy cost and low content of xylenes impurities in the EB product. Also, the novel process for EB production, developed by DICP recently, through alkylation of dilute ethylene with gas-liquid mixed phase benzene and transalkylation feed is optimized. The results show that the transalkylation feed addition into the middle-lower part of the reactor improves the EB selectivity from about 90% to more than 99%, and the alkylation and transalkylation reactions are unified into a single reactor. Moreover, the alkylation reaction temperature decreases from more than 320 °C to about 170 °C, and the content of the xylenes impurities in the EB product is further decreased to less than 100 ppm.
Study of Gelatin-AM-DMC Graft Copolymerization under Microwave Radiation and its Strengthening Effect to Wood Pulp
Authors: Ma Yong Sheng , Sun Xian Hui
Published: May 2011

Graft copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) and methyl acrylacyl oxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC) onto gelatin under microwave radiation was studied. The resultant ternary graft copolymer was used as wood pulp dry-strengthening agent. The application results showed that the optimum synthesis conditions was that microwave radiation power was 500W, microwave radiation time was 120S, the concentration of CAN(initiator) was 3mmol/L, m(CS): m(AM): m(DMC) =1:6:2. The breaking length and broken index of hand sheet made of wood pulp was respectively increased by 24.5% and 22.3% when the dosage of the graft copolymer was 0.8% of dry fiber weight.
Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Corn Stalk Microcrystalline Cellulose Reinforced PLA Composites
Authors: Li Chun Guang , Zhang Rui , Li Yun Xia , Xu Peng Fei , Wang Yan Qiu
Published: May 2011

The biodegradable composite films were prepared from corn stalk microcrystalline cellulose as filler and polylactic acid (PLA) as polymeric matrix. The crystallinity, the tensile properties and the thermal properties of the composites were tested. The results show that the tensile properties and thermal properties were improved with the addition of corn stalk microcrystalline cellulose. When corn stalk microcrystalline cellulose account for 10% of the PLA quality, the initial decomposition temperature was raised by 34.38, tensile strength increased by 58.3% and elongation at break increased by 31.1% compared to those of pure PLA.
The Corrosion Behavior of Lacquered Tinplate in Functional Beverage
Authors: Xia Da Hai , Wang Ji Hui , Song Shi Zhe , Zhong Bo , Han Zhe Wen
Published: May 2011

The deterioration process of the epoxy phenolic coated tinplate in functional beverage was studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscope (EIS). The surface morphology was characterized SPM and SEM. The results showed that corrosion pits were observed on the surface after exposing the coating system to functional beverage for 364 days. The breakages of the organic coating lead to the corrosion of substrate metal. A new parameterpextracting directly from the Bode plot was presented to characterize the deterioration degree of the coating system. Usingpvalue as the discrimination indicator of the deterioration degree of organic coating was presented in this paper.
Reduction Kinetics and Electrochemistry Property of Ascorbic Acid
Authors: Zhao Yan Hong , Li Xiang , Du Qiang Qiang , Hou Li Chun , Wang Xiao Jing
Published: May 2011

The article reported the reduction of methylene blue (abbreviated as MB) by ascorbic acid (abbreviated as AA) in aqueous solution. The kinetics study revealed that the reduction proceeds of MB by AA was the pseudo first order reaction. In addition, the electrochemical property of reductant AA was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The CV result indicated that the electrochemical oxide of AA was diffusion controlling at glass carbon electrode (GCE).
The Experimental Research on Durability of Sasobit Modified Asphalt
Authors: Ji Jie , Luo Xiao Hui , Liu Da Li
Published: May 2011

Sasobit has been applied into asphalt successfully since 1997. From then on, a lot of studies emphasizes on how Sasobit can lower asphalt’s viscosity and reduce poison odor emission. However, the durability of asphalt containing Sasobit is ignored to research. This paper aimed to analyze Sasobit impact on the durability of asphalt. In this study, the Sasobit modified asphalt was blended using different Sasobit contents of 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% by weight of asphalt into the base asphalt (SBS modified asphalt). The Rolling Thin Film Oven test (RTFO) and Pressure Aging Vessel test (PAV) were conducted to simulate the mixing and construction aging and in-service aging of asphalt. The properties and micro-structure of the base asphalt and Sasobit modified asphalt in three different aging states (original state, mixing and construction aging state and in-service aging state) were tested by using the Penetration-Grade system, Performance-Grade system and fluorescence microscope. The aging indexes of the base asphalt and Sasobit modified asphalt were calculated to compare their durability. It was evident that the durability of the Sasobit modified asphalt was mostly affected by the type of base asphalt and Sasobit had a little impaction on the durability of the asphalt.
Computer Simulation of Evolution of Ordering Phases and the Boundaries of Ni-Cr-Al Alloy
Authors: Chu Zhong , Zhao Guo Qun
Published: May 2011

Based on the microscope phase-field model，the evolution of atom morphology, the long range order(lro) parameter and concentration can be gotten, and atomic clustering and ordering during the precipitation process of Ni-Cr-Al alloy could be obtained. The Ni-14at.%Cr-15.5at.%Al alloy is studied and the temperature of precipitation are 973K. It was showed that the ordering of both Al and Cr atoms take place simultaneously during the precipitation process of Ni-Al-Cr alloy, Cr atoms transfer to the boundaries of L12phases, the domain of rich Cr atoms are formed. At the boundaries of L12phases, Cr atoms may substitute the Al sublattice, and the D022phases are formed.
Curing Kinetics of Octaepoxysilsesquioxane/DDS System
Authors: Zhang Zeng Ping , Pei Jian Zhong , Chen Shuan Fa , Du Hong Zhao , Wen Yong
Published: May 2011

Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) can be incorporated into polymers to obtain organic/inorganic hybrid materials. Octaepoxysilsesquioxane (E-POSS) with eight reactive epoxy groups per molecule is an important kind of POSS. E-POSS was cured with 4,4'-diaminodiphenylsulfone diamine (DDS) in this study. The curing kinetics of the E-POSS/DDS system was studied by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Kinssinger and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa methods were used to obtain the activation energy and pre-exponential factor of the curing reaction.
Investigation of Free Volume Size and Mechanical Properties for PolymethylMethacrylate/Organic Rectorite Composites by PALS
Authors: Zhou Wei , Gong Yan Sheng
Published: May 2011

PolymethylMethacrylate (PMMA) composites with different weight content of organic rectorite (OREC) are prepared via melt blending. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) show that the layer distance of OREC is much larger than that of the pristine rectorite. SEM images reveal that the OREC filler has been well dispersed in matrix. With the addition of OREC, Bending modulus increased obviously. Ortho-positronium (o-Ps) lifetimes show that the free volume sizes of PMMA/OREC composites are larger than those of the PMMA matrix. The relationship between the atomic-scale free volume size and mechanical properties is preliminarily discussed in this work.
Structure of Water Saturated CTMA-Montmorillonite Hybrid: Molecular Dynamics Simulation Investigation
Authors: Zhu Run Liang , Shapley Thomas V. , Molinari Marco , Fei Ge , Parker Stephen C.
Published: May 2011

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been used to investigate the interlayer structure of water saturated organoclays. The basal spacing values of cetyltrimethylammonium (CTMA) intercalated montmorillonite (CTMA-Mont) in dry and water saturated states were detected using XRD. Then the results were compared with simulation results of dry CTMA-Mont. The MD simulations show that the CTMA cations form layer structures on siloxane surface and aggregate in the interlayer space. Water molecules can access part of the siloxane surface and form H-bonds with surface oxygen atoms by donating one or two of the hydrogen atoms. Thus, the water molecules close to the surface have a preferred orientation with the dipole pointing towards the surface, while in the interlayer space, the water molecules aggregate to form large clusters. The H-bonds between surface oxygen and water molecules are shown to be slightly weaker than those between water molecules. Although water molecules within interlayer space can form strong H-bonds as in bulk water the number of H-bond for each water molecule is reduced. Our results indicate that MD simulations represent a useful tool for exploring the microstructure of water saturated organoclays.
Alkylation of Phenol with Cyclohexanol Catalyzed by Acidic Ionic Liquid
Authors: Yu Hai Bing , Nan Jun , Zhang Jing Cheng , Gui Jian Zhou
Published: May 2011

Alkylation of phenol with cyclohexanol catalyzed by acidic ionic liquid has been investigated. The influences of reaction temperature, reaction time, reactant ratio (mol ratio of phenol to cyclohexanol), the amount and the recycle of ionic liquid on catalytic activity were studied. The conversion of phenol and the selectivity of paracyclohexylphenol were 75.5% and 61.6%, respectively, under optimum reaction conditions. The ionic liquid was utilized repeatedly over three times without remarkable loss of catalytic activity．
Study on the Flexibility of Self-Insulation Wall with Energy-Saving Sintered Bricks
Authors: Liu Ling , Liu Jia Ping
Published: May 2011

This paper analyses the advantages of spreading self-insulation wall, which uses the energy-saving fired hollow bricks as the major structure, in cold region rich in natural resources of loess. Through calculating the thermal parameters, concluding that this kind of wall can meet the national requirement of saving-energy by 50%, even can meet the national requirement of saving-energy by 65% to limit the shape coefficient of building in some region.
Synthesis of Different Nanostructured Zirconia by Mechanically Activated Solid State Reaction
Authors: Zheng Yu Ying , Huang Hui Min , Ji Wen Jin , Guo Jian Wen , Yu Lin , Sun Ming
Published: May 2011

Nanostructured ZrO2was prepared successfully by mechanically activated solid state reaction. The structural and microstructural of products were monitored using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The effects of ball milling speed and calcined temperature on products were monitored by XRD. The results of XRD show that the most suitable ball milling speed is 150r/min, and the calcined temperature is 600°C. TEM images show that ZrO2particles prepare at heating rate of 5°C/min have several advantages in the morphology, spherical shape, narrow size distribution with no hard aggregation, and the particle size is about 15 nm, and at the heating rate of 2.5°C/min, a network structure ZrO2can be prepared for the first time.
Studies on Grafting Copolymerization of Lactic Acid onto Cornstarch Catalyzed with Sodium Hydroxide
Authors: Hu Ying Mo , Wang Qing Ling , Zhu Jian Hua , Liu Yang , Yang Xue , Bian Jing
Published: May 2011

A convenient method to synthesize starch/lactic acid copolymer was studied in this work. Copolymer of starch graft with lactic acid (LA) was directly prepared by reaction of cornstarch with lactic acid in sodium hydroxide (NaOH) aqueous solution as a catalyst. The product was characterized by IR and WAXD, and the good adhesion between the two components has been observed by SEM. The results showed that the highest grafting degree could reach 33.60% when the graft copolymerization was carried in 0.40 mol·L-1 NaOH aqueous for 9 h at 90°C with the 1: 5~6 ratio of starch and lactic acid.
The Effect of SDBS-Ag+ Ligand on the Preparation of Flake-Like Silver Particles
Authors: Song Yong Hui , Zhou Jia Ting , Lan Xin Zhe , Zhou Jun , Yang Yong
Published: May 2011

The flake-like silver nano-particles were prepared by reducing silver nitrate with hydrazine hydrate in the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) and Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) complex solution. The as-received silver powders were characterized by SEM, EDS, TEM and XRD methods. The effects of SDBS and PVP with Ag+ ligand on the preparation of flake-like shape were analyzed. The results provide evidence that the SDBS-Ag+ ligand play a limiting template role during the silver growth and leading to the formation of flake-like silver consequently.
Study on the Properties of DSM SOMOS 11120 Type Photosensitive Resin for Stereolithography Materials
Authors: Huang Bi Wu , Weng Zi Xiang , Sun Wei
Published: May 2011

DSM SOMOS 11120 type photosensitive resin possessed the biggest consumption for the stereolithography fabricated parts. Therefore the further research on DSM SOMOS 11120 type photosensitive resin was very meaningful and valuable. In the paper, DSM SOMOS 11120 type photosensitive resin was characterized by infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, showing the presence of epoxy and acrylic functional groups. The viscosity of the 11120 type photosensitive resin were also determined, indicating that the viscosity at 30°C was 260mPa.s. Meanwhile, the mechanical and thermal properties of its UV-cured specimens were evaluated, testing that the tensile strength was 50.8MPa, the tensile modulus was 2659MPa, the elongation at break was 11.3%, and the glass transistion temperature was 49°C.
Photodegradation of Toluene by Composite Photocatalysts of Organobentonites and TiO2: Influences of Carbon Chain Length
Authors: Chen Xia Sheng , Chen Kun Yang , Bai Ge , Liu Jian Lei , Lin Mei Jiao , Shen Xue You
Published: May 2011

Composite photocatalysts, prepared by mechanical grinding TiO2 with bentonite/ organobentonite, were applied in the dynamic photodegradation of gaseous toluene. A substrate enriched environment surround the loaded TiO2 was formed by the adsorption of the added sorbents, leading to an increase in the degradation rate. The performance of composite catalysts was quite different in the initial and the long-term period of photocatalysis. The differences could be attributed to the adsorption properties of added sorbents related to adsorbility, hydrophilicity and diffusion feasibility, etc. The longer alkyl-chain of organobentonite formed a better partition phase resulting in an ideal adsorption capacity. However, as the alkyl-chain length increased, the diffusion path was segmentally clogged which seriously hindered the photocatalysis in the initial period. Although the adsorption capacity of original bentonite was quite small, the facility of diffusion changed it into the best performer in the initial period. Organobentonite with relatively short alkyl-chain conceived a little smaller adsorption capacity than the longer one. Moreover, the former one showed much more trending to diffuse the adsorbed toluene to catalyst. The long-term period of photocatalysis was also affected by the hydrophilicity of catalyst. Hence, the performance of organobentonites added composite catalyst mended a lot in the final degradation rate. Thus, organobentonite as 20DTAB with the advantage of large adsorption capacity and good diffusion feasibility is believed to be a promising carrier of photocatalys.
Research on Adsorption of Pb2+ on to Microspheres Prepared by Rectorite and Humic Acid
Authors: Tang Yu Bin , Yu Fang , Chen Fang Yan , Chen Cheng
Published: May 2011

Rectorite (REC), humic acid (HA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were used to prepare microspheres. Batch adsorption experiments of Pb2+ion on to the microspheres were performed. The results obtained indicate that adsorption time, the microspheres dosage and temperature were the main factors influencing the adsorptive capacities. The adsorption data for Pb2+ion were well described by the Freundlich, Langmuir and Temkin models. The kinetic experimental data properly correlated with the pseudo-first-order model, pseudo-second-order model and Elovich equation. The adsorption process is spontaneous, endothermic and out-of-order. The whole adsorption process is mainly controlled by entropies. The adsorption can be classified as chemical adsorption. The mechanisms for the adsorption of Pb2+ion on to the microspheres involved ion-exchange adsorption of Pb2+or the formation of complex compound. Under the experimental conditions employed, the removal of Pb2+ion attained value of 96.05%.
Sulfated ZrO2 Supported on HMS Mesoporous Silica for Catalytic Epoxidation of Soybean Oil
Authors: Li Xue Feng , Guo Wei Yun , Gao Huan Xin , Chen Qing Ling
Published: May 2011

Sulfated zirconia supported on HMS mesoporous silica (SZ-HMS) was prepared and evaluated by catalytic epoxidation of soybean oil. The preparation procedure of SZ-HMS included soaking of HMS with ZrOCl2, and then sulfating with H2SO4. The samples were characterized by IR, XRD, and N2-adsorption. SZ-HMS kept the typical mesoporous crystalline as well as pore structure and exhibited an excellent catalytic performance for the epoxidation of soybean oil. The best catalytic activity, 4.4 of epoxy value, is acquired over the SZ-HMS sample prepared by 0.2 mol/L of ZrOCl2 concentration, 0.75 mol/L of H2SO4 concentration, and 823 K of calcination temperature.
Preparation of Double-Shelled BaTiO3 Composite Hollow Microspheres by Template Method
Authors: Xu Hui Fang , Zhang Hai Jiao , Song Jian Wei , Gao Bei Ling
Published: May 2011

The sulfonated polystyrene hollow microspheres (SPHS) with interpenetrated walls were used as templates. An in-situ growth of BaTiO3nanocrystals was conducted against SPHS templates at ambient pressure and 70°C. The structure and morphology of the resultant samples were investigated by XRD, SEM, TEM, FTIR and TGA. The results indicated that the composite hollow microspheres with diameter about 450 nm were double-shelled and composed of 30 nm cubic BaTiO3nanocrystals.
Fabrication of Mercury Ion Selective Electrode Based on a Porphyrin Derivative with Plasticized PVC Membrane
Authors: Long Shu , Li Ji Shan , Ding Shan Shan , Luo Yong Feng , Zhao Rong Na , Cao Zhong
Published: May 2011

An electrochemical sensing device with a plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) membrane electrode based on a porphyrin derivative of p-amino tetraphenyl porphyrin (p-NH2TPP) for mercury ion (Hg2+) has been fabricated. The p-NH2TPP based PVC membrane electrode exhibited a nice linear potential performance for responding to Hg2+ in the range of 1.0×10-8 ~ 1.0×10-3 mol/L with a slope of 27.54 mV/-pC (25°C) in citrate buffer solution (pH=2.5). The detection limit was evaluated to be 7.5×10-9 mol/L. No obvious interferences were observed from Na+, K+, Ba2+, Mg2+, Ca2+, and Cr3+. The electrode possessed good stability and reproducibility. Comparing with atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), the electrode can be well applied to the determination of trace amount of Hg2+ in environmental waste water samples with a recovery rate of 94.83 ~ 104.78%. The sensing mechanism of the porphyrin derivative carrier for recognition of Hg2+has also been expounded by the formation of nice complexation effect between the lone pair electrons provided by four nitrogen atoms of the porphyrin molecule and unoccupied orbitals provided by the mercury ion.
Surface Modification of Carbon Fiber by Polymer Emulsions and Mechanical Property of Modified Carbon Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Lin Dong , Wang Chao Jin , Dong Feng Bo , Lou Song , Shou Chong Qi
Published: May 2011

Four kinds of polymer emulsions were coated on the surface of coal pitch carbon fiber using atomized flow static coating method. The surface morphology of the carbon fiber after modification was analyzed by fluorescence microscope.The tensile strength of coated carbon fiber in the cement mortar and the mechanical property of the coated carbon fiber reinforced concrete were tested. The results showed that all the polymer emulsions were coated successfully on the surface of carbon fiber. The tensile strength of the coated carbon fiber in the cement mortar increased obviously, specially for the carbon fiber coated by meta chloride copolymer emulsion, whose tensile strength improved by 61%. The tensile strength of the coated carbon fiber reinforced concrete increased by 11%, the fracture energy increased by 47% and the max crack width increased by 18.5% when the content of the carbon fiber coated by meta chloride copolymer was 1.7 kg/m3.
Prepared and Surface Analyzed of Nano-Silicon Nitride Thin Films
Authors: Yu Gui Wen , Dong Jing , Tian Ye , Li Wen Xin , Gong Xue
Published: May 2011

Thin silicon nitride films were prepared on PET by r.f. reactive sputtering. Deposition Rate, reactive mechanisms, the thickness attribution, chemical stoichiometry and impurity were studied by means of RBS, XPS, and ellipsometer. Results show that chemical stoichiometric films with N-to-Si atomic ratio of 4:3 were achieved even at room temperature. Depth profiles of XPS and SIMS reveal that oxide exists only at the interface between nitride and substrate and Ar atoms are buried in the films.
Aromatization of Methanol over ZSM-5/MCM-48 Aluminosilicate Composite Material
Authors: Jiao Xue Jing , Yang Cheng , Di Zuo Xing , Guo Xian Ji , Wu Jin Hu
Published: May 2011

In this paper, a composite ZSM-5/MCM-48 material prepared by two step crystallization method has been characterized by XRD, nitrogen sorption, SEM and TEM. The activity and selectivity for the aromatization of methanol on ZSM-5/MCM-48 catalyst were much higher than these on H-ZSM-5, which may attribute to enhance the mass transfer properties and reduced diffusional limitations.
Controllable Extinction Property of Au/SiO2 Nanocomposite Induced by Neutralization Reaction Time
Authors: Fang Jing Yue , Zhang Xue Ao , Qin Shi Qiao , Wang Fei , Li Xin Hua , Chang Sheng Li
Published: May 2011

The Au/SiO2nanocomposite was produced using surface active agent P123, and its optical absorption spectra was measured by spectrophotometer. It was found that the intensity of absorption peak was strengthened and underwent a red-shift as the neutralization reaction time extended. The variation of optical extinction property of one gold particle (GP) with different size had been investigated by Mie theory. It was found that the extinction property of the single spherical GP possessed an obvious size effect. The extinction property of Au/SiO2nanocomposite had been analyzed by Maxwell-Garnett (MG) theory. It showed that the extinction peak underwent a red-shift and the extinction intensity was strengthened when the size of gold nanoparticles (GNs) increased. The theoretical and the experimental results show that the extinction property of Au/SiO2nanocomposite changes because the scattering effect of GNs are strengthened when their sizes increased by controlling the neutralization reaction time.
Crossover of the Curing Mechanisms and Double Glass Transition Temperatures of Tetrabromo-Bisphenol-a Epoxy Resin with 4,4-Diaminodiphenylsulfone
Authors: Yao Xing Fang , Zhang Shi Feng
Published: May 2011

The curing process of tetrabromo-bisphenol-A epoxy resin (TBBPAER) with 4,4´-diaminodiphenylsulfone (DDS) was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and torsional braid analysis (TBA) methods. FTIR results indicated that the maximum reaction velocity was observed at initial stages at higher temperature, but it was occurred at conversion =10 - 40 % at lower temperature. It showed that there is the crossover from the autocatalytic model to the nth-order mechanism when the temperature was increased. While the double glass transition temperatures occuring in the system, according to the microstructure of the reactant, a theoretical and reasonable explanation may arise from this article.
Synthesis and Characterizations of MCM-41 Silica with Thick Pore Wall
Authors: Hou Qiong Wei , Yuan En Hui , Jiang Jin Gang , Zhang Kun
Published: May 2011

Nano-structured mesoporous silica with highly ordered 2D hexagonal topology has been synthesized using novel surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium tosylate (CTATos) as template via directly hydrothermal treatment at high temperature of 175 °C and varied crystallization time. The maximum pore wall thickness is up to 2.2 nm calculated by BdB method from desorption branch. The enlargement of pore wall thickness and unit-lattice of currently synthesized MCM-41 silica is attributed to the migration and subsequent deposition of the silicate species in the inner pore channel.
The Preparation and Characterization of Cu2+/GO and Zn2+/GO Composites
Authors: Juan Xia , Tang Ding Xing , Yang Ren Chun
Published: May 2011

Two novel intercalation composites (Cu2+/GO and Zn2+/GO, GO: graphite oxide) were prepared by coordinate chemistry, and characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS, IR and XPS. The results indicated that the two composites all have the lamellar structure with a wider spacing distance than that of graphite oxide. The metal ions are high dispersed in the graphite oxide.
Experimental Study of Light-Repair on Composite Material Deflection
Authors: Wang Le Xin , Zhao Zhi Min , Jia Xu Fang
Published: May 2011

Composites, as a type of new material with typical characteristics, has been applied in aerospace, space, buildings, bridges and many other areas. Rapid repair from damaged composites has become a hot research project. This paper proposed a technique of light repair on composites, which is often used as specimen in aerospace composites. The research has taken advantage of modern optical measurement to study the influence of light remediation on the structural bending of composites, put forth a law of deflection variation, and proven that light remediation is feasible. The result of this research has laid the foundation that light remediation can be further studied and applied in many fields.
Study on the Property Right of Emission Trading in China
Authors: Chen Bang Wu , Xiao Zhuo Hao
Published: May 2011

Property right is the core issue of emission trading. Because of the immature market mechanism, emission trading in China is restrained by these problems as follow: the definition of property right is not clear, the transaction cost of emission trading is high, the lack of the corresponding institutions for the reorganization of the pollution right. This paper expounds these problems mentioned above according to the theory of property right, and holds out the measures for the improvement of the emission trading in China, which is that the definition of pollution right and emissions trading and restructuring of pollution right are different and interactive aspects of pollution right, and that we should make an overall planning and coordinate the implementation of them three.
A New Copper Extractant and its Extraction Performances in Sulfate Medium
Authors: Li Li Qing , Zhong Hong , Xia Liu Yin
Published: May 2011

Employed methanol, toluene, formaldehyde, 4-tert-octylphenol, and hydroxylamine as raw materials, triumphantly obtained a new extractant for copper by the processes of salinization reaction, formylation reaction, oximate reaction and so on, the purity of new extractant is > 98% by purity test. The extraction performances are very perfect. The maximal extraction efficiency is up to 90.4% for Cu2+by single-stage extraction, and recovering Cu2+in 170g/L H2SO4medium by stripping, stripping of copper >99.3% can be obtained. The preparation cost of the extractant is very low. It can contribute to better development of hydrometallurgy for copper, and gradually reduce dependence of Chinese copper industries on overseas corporations.
Study of Feasibility of Underground Cooling Condenser for Geothermal Power Cycles
Authors: Li Xiao Hua , Lin Dao Guang
Published: May 2011

This paper describes the heat exchanger (condenser) of underground cooling is likely to be technically feasible for geothermal power cycles, i.e. burying the condenser below the ground, instead fan and cooling tower. Through mathematical and ANSYS analyses, the same result Tsurface＞Tambwas obtained; otherwise more heat is entering the soil (650w/m) than leaving it to atmosphere (250w/m) has been achieved, which validated heat in the working fluid may then be rejected to the soil and in turn dissipated to the atmosphere.
Semihydrogenation of Phenylacetylene Catalyzed by Palladium Nanoparticles Supported on Organic Group Modified Silica
Authors: Wu Jing , Wang Kang Jun , Li Yi , Yu Ping
Published: May 2011

Different Pd precursors were used to prepare Pd catalysts supported by using organic group modified silica. The catalysts were characterized by TEM and FTIR analysis. The results indicated that the small Pd nanoparticles (1-2nm) were achieved using Pd precursors with negative charge, while the size of Pd particle increased to 2-4 nm using Pd precursors with positive charge. For semihydrogenation of phenylacetylene, large-sized Pd partcles (2-4nm) exhibited high styrene selectivity compared with small-sized ones (1-2nm).
The Synthesis of Novel Organosilicon Collector QAS222 and its Flotation Performance on Aluminosilicate Minerals
Authors: Yu Xin Yang , Xia Liu Yin , Wang Shuai , Zhong Hong
Published: May 2011

In the article the organosilicon Quaternary Ammonium surfactant QAS222 was synthesized by one step reaction from silicane coupling agent and dodecyl amine, and its collecting ability to aluminosilicate minerals was investigated. The results showed that the percent conversion of dodecyl amine was more than 95% and the content of novel organosilicon in the production was about 96.53% when reaction was conducted at 80°C for 37 hours, with silicane coupling agent: N, N-Dimethyl dodecyl amine: KI=1.1:1:0.01 by the molar ratio, using anhydrous ethanol as solvent, protecting the reacting system with N2. The synthesizing technology was brief, efficient with low cost and easy to operate and industrialize. The flotation tests indicated that the organosilicon surfactant QAS222 was an effective collector for aluminosilicate minerals in whole pulp pH, by which the kaolinite, pyrophyllite and illite minerals could be floated well. It provided a good way for application preparation of organo-silicon compounds.
Self-Stratification Silicon Gradient Film Prepared by Emulsion Blend Technique
Authors: Hu Liang , Zhang Ou Sheng , Zhang Chao Can
Published: May 2011

We investigated the effect of film-formation temperature andTg’s difference on the self-stratification gradient silicone film prepared by emulsion blend (poly(3-[tris(trimethyl silyloxy)silyl] propyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) /poly(butyl acrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) 50/50 by wt) (PTRIS-co-MMA/PBA-co-MMA) technique. The self-stratification film with gradient distribution of silicon was relatively easily obtained when both blend components could fully fuse to form a continuous film. Moreover, proper nonparallelTgs facilitated migration of the silicon component to the film-air interface during the film-formation and hence the gradient distribution was obtained. WhenTgof silicon-free component was 40°C, self-stratification gradient film with concentration of silicon components varying in a gradient-like manner along the overall transaction of the film was fabricated.
Phase-Space Wave Functions of Harmonic Oscillator in Nanomaterials
Authors: Lu Jun
Published: May 2011

In this paper, we solve the rigorous solutions of the stationary Schrödinger equations for the harmonic oscillator in nanomaterials within the framework of the quantum phase-space representation established by Torres-Vega and Frederick. We obtain the phase-space eigenfunctions of the harmonic oscillator. We also discuss the character of wave function and the “Fourier-like” projection transformations in phase space.
Black Anodized Thermal Control Coating on LY12 Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Yu Mei , Jiang Wu , Liu Jian Hua , Li Song Mei
Published: May 2011

The black thermal control coatings were prepared by etching anodic oxide film and coloring with an organic ATT dyestuff on the LY12 aluminum alloy. The anodic oxide film on aluminum alloy was formulated in 20% aqueous solution of sulfuric acid in galvanostatic conditions. The microstructure of the anodized coating was studied by scanning electronic microscope (SEM). Open circuit potential (OCP) was applied to study the etching of porous oxide layers in the immerging acid solution. The influence of coloring on the optical properties of the coating was investigated. Results showed that the solar absorptance and infrared emittance increased by increasing coloring times.
Research on Solidification Numerical Simulation of Continuous Casting Slab Based on Nail-Shooting Experimentation
Authors: Feng Liang Hua , Zhu Miao Yong , Liu Kun
Published: May 2011

Mathematical model of heat transfer on solidification is established combined with the practical production situation of the continuous caster. The thickness of solidified slab shell in secondary cooling spot is determined by nail-shooting experimentation. Heat transfer coefficient on different secondary cooling zone is modified by nail-shooting result, thus the accuracy of the mathematical model is ensured. Comparing practical result with that calculated by mathematical model, it shows that modified model can simulate the heat transfer and solidification process, which can provide accurate end solidification spot and serve for soft reduction.
Synthesis of Poly(methyl Methacrylate)-Silica Hybrid Materials through Activators Generated by Electron Transfer
Authors: Du Shi Xin , Zhou Guo Wei , Wang Xi Liang , Zhang Lei
Published: May 2011

Activators generated by electron transfer for atom transfer radical polymerization (AGET ATRP) of methyl methacrylate (MMA) on silica nanoparticles were conducted to create controllable shell on silica surfaces. SiO2–Br, the macroinitiator, was prepared by the reaction of amido groups previously indroduced on silica with 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide, followed by the ATRP of MMA using CuBras the catalyst and ascorbic acid (VC) as the reducing agent in the presence of a limited amount of air. The resulting particles were examined by SEM and TEM. The results indicated that the particles were composed of a silica core and a densely grafted outer poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) layer.
Preparation of Nano-ZnO Dispersive Liquid and its Characteristics Analysis by Ion Exchange Controlled Release Method
Authors: Li Gang , Gao Hong , Li Yan Sheng , Wang Ying , Nan Zhen Shu
Published: May 2011

The 001×7 type cation exchange resins modified by zinc ion which acted as controlled release suppliers of ions composing crystal reacted with sodium hydroxide, saturated calcium hydroxide and ammonia solution respectively, and nano-ZnO dispersive liquid was preparaed. The result of ultraviolet analyse about the dispersive liquid showed that nano-ZnO dispersive liquid prepared by using saturated calcium hydroxide has higher nano-crystallization degree and better dispersity. The exploring results of temperature and reactive time showed that under 60°C and 16 hours conditions nano-ZnO dispersive liquid has better dispersity and can’t agglomeration and sedimentation.
Elastic and Electronic Properties of Mg2Ca and Mg2Y Phases
Authors: Zeng Meng Xue , Tang Bi Yu , Peng Li Ming , Ding Wen Jiang
Published: May 2011

Elastic and electronic properties of Mg2Ca and Mg2Y phases were investigated from first-principles calculations based on density functional theory. The optimized lattice parameters were found to be in excellent agreement with the available experimental value, and the structural stability was also studied from the energetic point of view. The five independent elastic constants were calculated, then the bulk modulus B, shear modulus G, Young’s modulus E and Poisson’s ratio ν of polycrystalline aggregates were derived, and the relevant mechanical properties Mg2Ca and Mg2Y phases were also further discussed. The elastic anisotropy of the two phases was also discussed in details. Finally, the electronic density of states and charge density distribution were also calculated to reveal the underlying mechanism of structural stability and mechanical properties.
Synthesis and Structural Morphology of Ordered Nanoporous Carbon via SBA-15 Hard Template
Authors: Zhang Bing , Yu Zhi Xue , Wu Yong Hong , Meng Fan Yan
Published: May 2011

Ordered nanoporous carbon (ONC) was synthesized by adopting sucrose as precursor and SBA-15 as template. The thermal stability of sucrose and its SBA-15 composite were detected by thermogravimertic analysis. Transmission Electron Microscope, X-ray diffraction and nitrogen adsorption technology were used to characterize the morphology, microstructure and specific surface area of resultant ONC. The effects of carbonization temperature and pre-carbonization on the microstructure of ONC were investigated. The results have shown that SBA-15 is a kind of ideal template for preparing ONC, from which ONC with the diameter around 8 nm was obtained. When carbonized at 700 °C, the specific surface area of ONC derived is 2884.05 m2/g.
Fabrication of Mn2O3 Nanorods and their Different Paramagnetic Properties
Authors: Zhang Yan Ge , Chen Jing , Huang Bao Jun , Li Da Peng
Published: May 2011

Mn2O3 Nanorods have been successfully synthesized under mild conditions by hydrothermal route following by thermal treatment at different calcination temperatures. Techniques of XRD, TEM, HRTEM, ED and XPS have been used to characterize the nanorods. The magnetic properties of the Mn2O3 nanorods synthesized at different calcination temperature have been studied using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) technique. And the evolved different EPR signals have also been discussed.
Research on Characterization and Chemical Composition of Baoluo Kaolin in Hainan Province
Authors: Xu Shu Ying , Zhang Yong Ming , Pan Li Sha , Tan Wei
Published: May 2011

This paper aims to characterize Baoluo kaolin and investigate its chemical composition. The Baoluo kaolin was characterized by XRD and SEM. The XRD pattern revealed that the Baoluo kaolin was composed of kaolinite, quartz, little feldspar and mica. Its chemical composition was determined by volumetric method, titration method and flame photometer method. The weight percentages of Al2O3, SiO2, Fe2O3, Na2O and ignition loss in the Baoluo kaolin are 36%, 46%, 0.56%, 1.21% and 12.76%, respectively. The results in this paper would be benefit to industry utilization of the Baoluo kaolin.
Study on Regularity of early-Age Plastic Shrinkage Cracking in Cement Concrete Pavement
Authors: Yu Lei , Zhang Jin Xi
Published: May 2011

In order to study the occurrence regularity of early-age plastic shrinkage cracking, a series of indoor and outdoor experiments have been done in this paper. The synthesized discriminant index which is used to discriminate the situation that whether the early-age plastic shrinkage cracking happens or not has been put forward in this paper. It includes the index of unit volume accumulated evaporation besides the index of evaporation rate. Meanwhile, using Bayes Discriminant Method, based on the former indexes, the critical figure which is in connection with given environment conditions has been obtained and it can be used to detect whether early-age plastic shrinkage cracking happens or not by plotting the sense data which comes from the check specimen. The precision of prediction results that whether early-age plastic shrinkage cracking happens or not has been raised substantially by using this kind of discrimination method. The theory and method are useful for engineering application.
Atomistic Simulation of Structural Stability and Lattice Vibrations of A4Rh13Si9 and A4Ir13Si9 (A = Th, U)
Authors: Bai Li Jun , Qian Ping , Hu Yao Wen , Liu Jiu Li , Shen Jiang
Published: May 2011

An atomistic simulation of the structural properties of the new ternary A4Rh13Si9and A4Ir13Si9compounds, where A is Th, U, has been carried out using interatomic pair potentials based on the lattice inversion method. The calculated lattice parameters are corresponding to the experimental results. The phase stability of the intermetallics A4Rh13Si9and A4Ir13Si9is tested by high temperature disturbance under the control of the pair potentials. Moreover, the phonon densities of states, specific heat and vibrational entropy related to dynamic phenomena are evaluated for the first time. The method utilized in the present investigation offers a rather easy and direct way to study the structural and vibrational properties of A4Rh13Si9and A4Ir13Si9.
Curing Behavior of Siloxane-Containing Epoxy
Authors: Sun Wen Bing , Zhang Ou Sheng
Published: May 2011

The curing processes of a novelly synthesized siloxane-containing epoxy resin (SE) and bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (CYD-128) were investigated using dynamic differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and analyzed by three different methods. The results show that while SE has a lower initial curing temperature and a smaller pre-exponential factor than CYD-128, their curing processes belong to first order kinetic reaction. All the three dynamic methods verified mutually reveal that SE with more catalytic hydroxyls possesses lower activation energy and exhibits a stronger curing reactivity than CYD-128.