bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis perbandingan nilai ukur sensor load cell antara PLC Delta dengan Arduino Uno
Authors: Edbert Bill , Wahab Faisal
Published: March 2022

Pembacaan nilai ukur dari sensor load cell dapat dilakukan secara digital menggunakan perangkat pengendali seperti Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), Arduino, Raspberry, dan lainnya. Hasil nilai ukur antara sensor load cell pada timbangan digital dan nilai ukur pada timbangan konvensional atau manual terkadang memiliki perbedaan yang sangat signifikan diantara keduanya. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan pengukuran sensor load cell menggunakan dua macam perangkat pengendali sebagai pembaca nilai sensor dan mengkonversinya menjadi satuan massa gram. Pengujian dilakukan dengan memberi masukan sebuah massa dengan kelipatan 200 gram yang memiliki jangkauan dari nol gram sampai dengan dua kilogram sesuai dengan karakteristik dari sensor load cell. Tujuan dilakukan pengujian ini adalah untuk menentukan perangkat yang memiliki akurasi dan presisi lebih baik dalam membaca sensor load cell dengan spesifikasi yang sama. Proses pengukuran sebuah massa menggunakan sensor load cell dilakukan menggunakan kontroler PLC Delta DVP202-LC dengan perangkat lunak LCSoft untuk proses kalibrasi dan kontroler Arduino Uno menggunakan bahasa pemrograman C. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa hasil ukur sebuah massa pada menggunakan PLC memiliki rata-rata nilai galat -0,56% dan Arduino Uno memiliki galat -0,09%. Dari hasil pengujian ini, dapat disimpulkan kedua sistem bekerja dengan baik sesuai dengan karakteristik dan spesifikasi sensor serta Arduino Uno memiliki galat lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan PLC.
Our experience in the management of renal transplant recipients in the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Lisovyi V.M. , Andonieva N.M. , Zhelieznikova M.O. , Valkovska T.L.
Published: March 2022

169 patients with a functioning kidney transplant were observed. In 51 patients from 169 were diagnosed with COVID-19. The virus was verified by polymerase chain reaction in all patients and in 74% of cases immunoglobulins M and G were detected by immunological blood tests. Patients who underwent COVID-19 were divided into the following groups: Group 1 – kidney transplant recipients who recovered after COVID-19 (n=44); Group 2 – kidney transplant recipients who died (n=7). Lymphopenia, which was directly proportional to the severity of the disease, was observed in Group 2 patients. The serum C-reactive protein content of Group 2 patients did not differ significantly from that of Group 1. In Group 2 patients, the D-dimer content was significantly higher than that of Group 1. When we analyzed the percentage of lung lesions of the examined patients, it was found that in patients of Group 2 this figure was 68.0 [63.5; 75.0], which was probably higher than that of Group 1 patients (p<0.05). Kidney transplant dysfunction was observed in 16 recipients (31%) during the follow-up period of patients with COVID-19. Complications observed during the disease and arising from the treatment of patients accounted for 15.2%, of which thrombosis of various localizations – 1.5%, myocardial damage – 2.5%, bleeding – 3.4%. The mortality rate of kidney transplant recipients was 13.7%. The main cause of death was acute respiratory syndrome in combination with sepsis (in 8.1% of patients), pulmonary embolism (in 3.2%), and acute cerebrovascular accident (in 2.4%). According to our studies, the risk factors for an unfavorable outcome of COVID-19 are comorbid syndrome, the severity of lung damage, hyperalbuminuria, an increase in C-reactive protein, D-dimer, platelets and lymphopenia.

Keywords: chronic kidney disease, kidney transplant, COVID-19.
Supporting SDGs for Increase of the MSMEs Industry – A Prediction Using Correlation
Authors: Ilmi Zainal , Purwadi Purwadi , Y. Syaharuddin , Sampeliling Alexander
Published: March 2022

Objective - The capacity of MSMEs in encouraging the Indonesian economy is undoubtedly after the economic recession
caused by the monetary crisis in 1998. Therefore, we try to analyze the achievement of SGDs for the 2011-2019 period
in relation to supporting MSMEs from the financial dimension.
Methodology/Technique – Several steps evaluate these actual conditions in the quantitative method. The relationship
between total credit, value-added, and financial services is measured through parametric correlation and non-parametric
correlation.
Finding – Overall exploration shows a strong and positive relationship between total credit, value-added, and financial
services, which are components of the 8th pillar of the SDGs. These findings, offer an important idea through a scheme
to revitalize the financial aspects to make it easier for MSMEs and important as an effort to encourage MSMEs to have a
maximum bargaining position.
Novelty –The novelty of this study with topics that apply to business development, especially from the principles of
SDGs, is consistent with advancing MSMEs in Indonesia.
Type of Paper: Empirical
JEL Classification: E50; L11; G21; G28; C10
ANALYSIS ON FACTORS INFLUENCE THE PRICE OF GOLD IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Md Hashim Sahaida Laily
Published: March 2022

Gold, a valuable and precious metal has been served as property and financial assets despite their uprising in prices. The price of gold keeps increasing in the long-run, however quite fluctuate and volatile in short-run. This paper inspired to identify the factors which influences the gold price in Malaysia with selected macroeconomics determinants such as inflation rate, interest rate and exchange rate in yearly period from 1980 until 2020. In achieving the objectives of this study, some diagnostic tests along with regression analysis were run and data analysed using STATA software. The findings reveal that inflation and exchange rate were significantly influenced the price of gold, while interest rate is statistically insignificant.
ADAPTATION OF ARABIC AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE EDUCATION AT TETIARY LEVEL DURING COVID-19
Authors: Abd Razak Najjah Salwa , Mohd Rafy NurHidayati
Published: March 2022

COVID-19 has changed the education’s spectrum in Malaysia including Arabic language education specifically from the context of learning and language teaching approaches that are compatible with the current situation. Thus, this paper reports on the analysis of students' acceptance of online Arabic learning as well as the constraints faced by the students in the learning process. In addition, the instructors’ perspectives were also presented. This multi-case study uses a recorded virtual platform interview method and were transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis is used based on the obtained data. The participants have various backgrounds and they studied foreign language for two semesters namely Arabic I and Arabic II. The results of this study show that in the early phase of COVID-19, students are uncomfortable in learning Arabic language using online platform due to certain factors. Interestingly, the adaptation phase occurs when they begin to employ various approaches in order to adapt. Despite the nuances of the constraints that students face in the study, they put their effort to overcome the constraints. In this study, the Arabic language instructors also provided their views on this issue by emphasizing the adaptation aspect. This study has pedagogical implications in which students should strive to creatively use existing educational platforms. The Arabic language instructors too need to diversify approaches that attract students to stay focused on the learning process despite existing constraints.
SOCIO-POLITICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MALAYSIAN NET GENERATION WHO USE SOCIAL MEDIA FOR POLITICAL INFORMATION: AN EXPLORATORY ANALYSIS
Authors: Tan Jue Jun
Published: March 2022

Political information appears to be a precious commodity in political process to ensure a healthy, functioning democracy. With the emergence of the Internet, social media has become one of the central premises for political information creation, circulation and consumption. Many have touted social media as effective platforms to garner and mobilize voter support, especially among the wired youth, of whom are the dominant users of social media, and in recent years, even to sway the Malaysian general election results. By employing an online self-administered survey questionnaire with 379 Malaysian respondents aged between 18 and 24 at a local university, this paper aims to provide an exploratory analysis of the socio-political characteristics of the Malaysian Net Generation who rely mainly on social media for political information. Given Malaysians as young as 18 years old are now eligible to cast a vote in the elections, the study comes in timely as it offers insights on who are these Net Geners. The findings, even preliminary in nature, would contribute emerging insights in explaining the implications of social media on youth participation as well as the shifting Malaysian political landscape.
A GLANCE OF HOME GUARD (HG) IN KEDAH AND THE STRENGTHENING OF HIS WORK JOURNEY IN THE EMERGENCY ERA
Authors: Saidon Mohd Kasri , Bahador Zolkefli
Published: March 2022

This article delves into the Home Guard (HG) which is a defense force that involves the involvement of the general public as its backbone. HG was introduced in Malaya in the emergency era (1948-60), operating actively in 1950. The content of this writing is about HG in Kedah, as Kedah is one of the great states threatened by the Malayan Communist Party (CPM) in emergency episodes. This article highlights some of the aspects made by the government at that time to strengthen the work of HG. The force was streamlined with a more robust administrative arrangement to make HG a second defensive bulwark against the Communists at the time. This includes the involvement of expatriates from outside Malaya and the strengthening of domestic officers. This article also features about the welfare of team members done during HG activities. Not to be outdone also this article touches on the aspects of leadership that are seen to be core to the integrity of HG’s work journey. All the contents of this writing are from the main source generally from the file of the Kedah State Secretary (SUK) as well as interviews with several respondents to strengthen the facts and comments. In general, HG has played its role well and the participation of the people is a wise move on the part of the government to fight the communists.
Study to Assess the Efficacy of Wheatgrass Juice Therapy Intervention on Haemoglobin Level in Adolescent Anaemic Females
Authors: Deepak  , D R Lakshmeesha
Published: March 2022

Background and Objectives:Wheatgrass juice is rich in various minerals like iron, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, antioxidants like beta carotene,and insoluble dietary fibers. It has a significant amount of medicinal value with a rich source of Chlorophyll. The chemical structure of Chlorophyll is almost identical to Haemoglobin. The only difference is that magnesium is a central element in chlorophyll and iron in Haemoglobin.The vital component of wheatgrasshelps in building Haemoglobin in our body. Thus,it is used therapeutically forvarious clinical conditions involving Haemoglobin deficiency and other chronic disorders ultimately it is considered as green blood.Adolescents are susceptible to both macro and micronutrient deficiencies. Adolescent girls are mainly vulnerable groupsdue to blood loss during menstruation and poor dietary habits.The present study aims to evaluate the effect of wheatgrass fresh juice on the Haemoglobin level of adolescent anemic females. Materials and Methodology:60 subjects were selected with Haemoglobinless than 10mg/dl anddivided into two groups. Group 1-Study group wasgiven 30ml of freshly prepared wheatgrass juice on empty stomach daily for 60 days. Where Group 2-Control groupwere observed with regular activities.Results: After 60 days the symptomatic improvement and increase in Haemoglobin level in the study group was noticed as compared to the control group. Conclusion:Wheatgrass juice consumption will improve the Haemoglobin levels among anemic adolescent femalesIndex.©2022iGlobal Research and PublishingFoundation. All rights reserved.
Stability Study of Vata(Ficus bengalensisLinn.)Jata(Aerial Roots) Kwatha(Decoction) with Respect to Baseline Microbial Diagnostic Modalities
Authors: Jawanjal Pravin , M.S. Cholera , Bedarkar Prashant , Patagiri B.J.
Published: March 2022

Background:Kwatha,one of the most popular Kalpanaamongst five basic Kalpana, is widely used therapeutically as well as pharmaceutically. Although a clear description is not available in Vedicliteraturewhereasa detailed description is available in all Samhitasregarding its preparation, the proportion of water to be added, reduction in the volume of liquid,etc.Aims:To check the stability of classical liquid dosage form, Vata(Ficus Bengalensis Linn.)Jata(aerial roots)Kwatha (decoction) with respect to its microbial profile. Materials and Methods:Sample of Vata Jata Kwatha wasprepared and studied to check microbial contamination at regular intervals. Results:Sixbatchesweresubjected to the microbiological study from the date of the preparation to the date of the last microbiological study. No,any contaminations were found in the microbiological study in a minimum of one day and a maximum of 7 days after the preparation of the sample. Discussion: Hence the present study was carried out to observe the stability study of Vata Jata Kwathawith respect to Microbial Contamination of the sample prepared and preserved in different climatic and temperature conditions. Thus, a baseline Microbial profile was studied at a regular interval.At the end of the study, it was found that the shelf life of Vata Jata Kwatha was varied as per humidity and temperature.Conclusion: In the microbiological study of Vata Jata Kwatha shows its stability in a minimum of one day and a maximumofseven days after the preparation of the sample.©2022iGlobal Research and PublishingFoundation. All rights reserved
Formulation and Evaluation of Colon Targeted Drug Delivery System
Authors: Pravin Suruse , Mangesh Godbole , Kumudini Bhamre , Umesh Shivhare
Published: March 2022

Purpose:The objective of the present study was to develop colon targeted drug delivery system of Metronidazole using guar gum as the carrier.Methods:Matrix tablets containing various proportions of guar gum were prepared by direct compression technique. Rapidly disintegrating Metronidazole core tablets were prepared and compression coated with guar gum and 20% of microcrystalline cellulose. The tablets were evaluated for hardness, thickness, drug uniformity and subjected to in vitro drug release studies under conditions mimicking mouth to colon transit. Results and Conclusions: The FTIR study indicates no possible interaction between Metronidazole and carriers. The tablets were found within the permissible limits for various physiological parameters. In vitro drug release studies in pH 6.8 phosphate buffer solution containing rat cecal contents have demonstrated the susceptibility of guar gum to the colonic bacterial enzyme action with consequent drug release. The pretreatment of rats orally with 1 ml of 2% w/v aqueous dispersion of guar gum for 7 d induced enzyme specifically acting on guar gum thereby increasing drug release. Dissolution studies were performed in 0.1N HCl for 2 h, in pH 7.4 buffer for 3 h and pH 6.8 up to 24 h. The cumulative percentage of drug release of Metronidazole after 24 h in pH 6.8 phosphatebuffers was found to be 98.51±0.02, 86.69±0.02, 84.55±0.04, 39.31±0.02, 24.60±0.02, 18.85±0.02 for formulation F1, F2, F3, F4, F5 and F6. It can be concluded that formulation F1 is considered a potential formulation for targeting the drug to the colon. The results showed that guar gum protects the drug from being release completely in the physiological environment of stomach and small intestine.©2022iGlobal Research and PublishingFoundation. All rights reserved.
Isolation and Characterization of Principle Bioactive Compounds from Ulva fasciata
Authors: Sasikala Chenniyappan , Geetharamani Durairaj , Swetha Natarajan
Published: March 2022

Microorganisms have developed new strategies to evade the action of antibiotics leading to multiple drug resistant bacterial strains, leading to an increasing demand in screening for new therapeutic drugs from natural product. Marine organisms are identified as a potential source of novel bioactive compounds. With this in view the study was undertaken to explore the principle bioactive compounds with antimicrobial activity from green seaweed Ulva fasciata.Seaweeds possess bioactive compounds and they have been found toexhibit biological activity against human pathogens. Extraction of the seaweed was carried out using ethanol. The extract was screened for antibacterial and antifungal activity against various bacterial and fungal human pathogens by disc diffusion assay. The bioactive compound present in seaweed was identified using Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry.The ethanolic extract of U. fasciata showed wide range of activity against Gram negative bacterial and few fungal pathogens, while the extract was effective only against Enterococcus faecalisamong the Gram-positive organisms selected for the study. The ethanolic extract of U. fasiatawas subjected to antibacterial activity guided fractionation which led to the separation of the bioactive compound Cholest–5-en-3-ol.The result of present study revealed that the extracts of the seaweed showed potential antimicrobial activity against thetested pathogens. The presence of the bioactive compound makes the seaweed an effective drug of choice for treating various bacterial infections. Hence it is concluded Cholest-5-en-3-ol isolated from U. fasciatacan be used as a potential bioactive compound for therapeutic purpose.©2022iGlobal Research and PublishingFoundation. All rights reserved.
Konsep Waliyu Al-Amri Al-Daruri Bisysyaukah sebagai Legalitas Keabsahan Pemilihan Umum di Indonesia
Authors: Mahmudah Afif Hidayatul , Mubarok Faisol , Himmah Faiqatul
Published: March 2022

This research aims to examine the concept of waliyu al-amri al-daruri bisyaukah whether in determining the legality of election results in Indonesia. The research method used is normative law with an approach to Islamic law and positive law regarding elections. This is necessary to study because in the General Election process (Election) in Indonesia there is a fraud, so the concept of waliyu al-amri al-daruri bisyaukah can be present as a rule of reference for legality. the validity of the election results. Procedurally, it should be passed through lawful ways in obtaining legitimate leadership and not violating norms in society. Based on the research results, Mahfud MD, the former Chief Justice of the Constitutional Court, stated that there is always fraud in the election and cannot be avoided. The existence of this concept does not necessarily apply as stipulated in Islamic law to get a leader, because it is impossible to apply. Indonesia is not an Islamic country, but a country that stands on the basis of agreement or democracy. Indonesia is a state of law, the provisions that apply in society have been accommodated in the law and the presence of the Constitutional Court as an arbitrator in resolving election dispute problems. Based on the concept of waliyu al-amri al-daruri bisyaukah, can the election results even be carried out with an element of fraud and have been approved by the Constitutional Court, they will remain valid in the eyes of the law, both positive law and Islamic law.
Analisis Komparatif Tindak Pidana Pembunuhan Anak oleh Ibu Kandung Perspektif RKUHP dan Hukum Pidana Islam
Authors: Gustiani Rina
Published: March 2022

Children are an inseparable part of the lives of parents. A child is a gift from Allah SWT and is a young shoot of a successor to the nation's ideals. The existence of children has a strategic role in maintaining the continuity of the presence of the nation and state in the future. Therefore children need to get protection. However, it does not demand the possibility that children who should receive safety and love from their parents receive inappropriate treatment. Not a few in our country, the occurrence of parental violence against biological children such as hitting, beating with tools, throwing into the river, and even killing on the spot after he was born. So, in this case, there needs to be a study of criminal law, which will later be realized through positive criminal law (RKUHP) which will be present amid Indonesian legislation combined with Islamic criminal law that has been applied in areas with strong Islam previously such as Aceh. So that later, it can provide protection not only to the victim but to a perpetrator. This study uses a qualitative method through literature study with a comparative approach between the RKUHP and Islamic Criminal Law. There are differences between the RKUHP and Islamic Criminal Law. In the RKUHP, the mother's position as a parent is not a reason to then stop the criminal conviction. Meanwhile, in Islamic Criminal Law, the mother's position is essential because, according to Jumhur Ulama, a criminal sentence cannot be carried out when the suspect is a parent.
Praktik Money Politic dalam Pemilu di Indonesia Perspektif Fiqih Siyasah dan Hukum Positif
Authors: Istiqomah Nanda Puji , Harisudin M. Noor
Published: March 2022

Indonesia as a country that adheres to a democratic system, general elections are a way to determine a leader. However, in practice there is still a lot of buying and selling votes or money politics (money politics) which is also referred to in Islam as rasywah (bribes). Where this is a form of violation of democracy and the perpetrators can be punished. The presence of Law no. 7 of 2017 Elections, regulations on the General Election Commission (KPU) and the Election Oversight Body (Bawaslu) regulations are expected to be able to reduce violations that occur during elections. This phenomenon is also responded to by both positive law and siyasa fiqh. The author uses library research methods, namely research that uses library materials as the main source (data), in the form of laws and regulations, books, the Qur'an, Hadith and all literature related to research.
Tinjauan Fatwa MUI Terhadap Penggunaan Hasil Produksi Alkohol di Sentra Industri Alkohol Bekonang
Authors: Anam Moh Khairul
Published: March 2022

The advanced of technology and the era of global trade, affecting the number of  circulation  local  and  imported  products  around  us.  The  most  dangerous  and widely  circulating hazardous  material  as  a  mixture  of  industrial  products  is alcohol.  Alcohol  or  ethanol  production  is  carried  out  at  the  Bekonang  alcohol industry center by fermentation and distillation that used for medical purposes, but some of the entrepreneurs tend to produce 25% alcohol or commonly called ciu which is categorized as liquor. This research was aimed to find out the practice of alcohol production in Bekonang  Village,  Mojolaban  District,  Sukoharjo  Regency  and the Fatwa MUI review of alcohol production practices. This study uses field research methods using a qualitative approach. The results of this study indicate that  the  practice of alcohol production in Sentul Village, Bekonang Village, Mojolaban District, Sukoharjo Regency processed by fermentation until distillation produces 90% alcohol or ethanol used for health. In the review  of  the  Fatwa MUI the  product  of  the alcohol  or  ethanol  production process in Bekonang Village is not from Khamr, so that its use is still allowed as long as it does not cause kemudaratan. So the center of the alcohol industry in Sentul Village Bekonang Village is not the khamr industry but the pure alcohol or ethanol industry, where the production is not for drinking but for health.
Development of deposition technology and AC measurement of copper ultrathin layers
Authors: Wilczyńska Aleksandra , Czarnacka Karolina , Kociubiński Andrzej , Kołtunowicz Tomasz
Published: March 2022

In this paper, the transport properties of discontinuous 4 nm copper layers obtained by dual-source non-reactive magnetron sputtering in the presence of argon are presented. The value of resistance and capacitance of the current parallel to the plane of these layers can be adjusted independently by changing the nominal thickness of the metallization. The influence of frequency on the conductivity of the obtained structures in the range from 4 Hz to 8 MHz was studied. Additionally, in order to compare the non-oxidized and oxidized layers, some of them were heated at 500 °C. Based on the results obtained, the mechanism of electric charge transfer was determined, the knowledge of which is essential for planning further experiments based on this sputtering method and potential selection of future application of the structures. Statistical measurements at room temperature will serve as a reference for the conductivity and resistivity values obtained by mathematical calculations from measurements of resistance, capacitance, phase shift angle, and dielectric loss tangent as a function of temperature from 20 K to 375 K, which are expected in further studies on the obtained structures. The work is an introduction to the technology of obtaining multi-layer metal-dielectric structures.
HYBRID NAVIGATION SYSTEM FOR INDOOR USE
Authors: Styła Michał , Adamkiewicz Przemysław
Published: March 2022

This article describes the design and implementation of a hybrid in-building navigation system. The word hybrid has a twofold meaning in this case. On the one hand, it refers to the use of two tracking methods: demanding (beacons) and not requiring an electronic device (radio tomography imaging). On the other hand, it specifies several commercial wireless communication protocols that make up the presented system. Ultimately, the network created in this way will be designed to provide the user with location and navigation services with increased accuracy and reliability. The text describes both the topology of created networks, methods of communication between devices and their hardware layer, as well as the effects of work resulting from the actual test object.
La competencia motriz en el alumnado gallego
Authors: Fabeiro Martínez Iván , Vicente Vila Pedro
Published: March 2022

La competencia motriz es un término clave en la comprensión de la evolución del movimiento humano y en la consecución de un estilo de vida saludable. Propósitos: conocer el nivel de competencia motriz en el alumnado gallego de primer curso de educación secundaria obligatoria y su relación diversas variables independientes. Procedimientos básicos: Un total de 125 estudiantes fueron evaluados. El test camsa (HALO, 2017) fue seleccionado para el estudio de la muestra. Un cuestionario ad hoc de respuesta única fue diseñado para recopilar información sobre las variables analizadas; (i) sexo, (ii) lugar de residencia, (iii) práctica de actividad física, (iv) rendimiento académico, (v) rendimiento académico en la materia de educación física, (vi) trimestre de nacimiento y (vii) presencia de hermanos en el hogar. Hallazgos y conclusiones: Los resultados conseguidos manifiestan un bajo nivel de adquisición de la competencia motriz del alumnado. La relación entre un mayor volumen de actividad física y un mayor nivel de competencia motriz fue demostrada (p= 0.001), evidenciando también su relación con un mayor rendimiento en la materia de educación física (p = 0.001). No ha sido posible relacionar un nivel de competencia motriz elevado con las otras variables estudiadas.
HUBUNGAN SANITASI LINGKUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA BADUTA DI KABUPATEN MAJENE
Authors: Wahdaniyah Wahdaniyah , Nurpatwa Wilda Ningsi2  , Diesna Sari Diesna Sari
Published: March 2022

Stunting is a condition of failure to thrive in children under five (infants under five years old) due to chronic malnutrition so children are too short for their age. Stunting is one of the three global nutritional problems that is still became big responsibility for Indonesian government at this time to be resolved. Stunting in children under two has a higher risk when compared to other age groups because it will have a permanent impact on children's physical and cognitive development in the future. Poor household environmental sanitation conditions generally cause stunting prevalence to increase. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between environmental sanitation and the incidence of stunting in children under two in Pangali-Ali Village, Majene, West Sulawesi. This research is analytical research with observational approach by using a case-control design approach. The results showed that environmental sanitation was a risk factor for stunting where households with poor environmental sanitation were 2.94 times more at risk of stunting than those with good environmental sanitation (OR = 2.949, p = 0.022). The conclusion of this study reveals that there is a significant relationship between environmental sanitation and the incidence of stunting in children under two in Majene district
PENGARUH EKSTRAK ETANOL DAGING BUAH PLUM TERHADAP KADAR
LDL TIKUS JANTAN GALUR WISTAR HIPERLIPIDEMIA
Authors: Trimurtini Indarti , Afgani Apen , Rachmaniar Santi
Published: March 2022

Hiperlipidemia merupakan sebuah kondisi abnormal fraksi lipid dalam plasma.
Hiperlipidemia dapat dilihat dari peningkatan LDL, kolesterol total, trigliserida, dan
penurunan kadar HDL. Buah Plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) memiliki kandungan
antioksidan flavonoid yang dapat memberikan efek antihiperlipidemia. Penelitian ini
bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak etanol daging buah plum terhadap kadar
LDL. Penelitian ini menggunakan 25 ekor tikus putih jantan galur wistar dibagi menjadi 5
kelompok dengan usia 12 minggu dan berat badan 200-250 gram. Kelompok kontrol negatif
(KN) diberi makanan standar dan air, kelompok kontrol positif (KP) diberi makanan
standar, air dan diet tinggi lemak. Kelompok perlakuan 1 (P1), 2 (P2), 3 (P3) diberi
makanan standar, air, diet tinggi lemak dan ekstrak etanol daging buah plum dosis 0,8
g/kgBB, 1,6 g/kgBB, 2,4 g/kgBB secara peroral. Pemberian ekstrak daging buah plum
dilakukan selama dua minggu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan kadar LDL
sebanyak 70,08 mg/dL dari kelompok kontrol positif (KP). Pada kelompok perlakuan P1,
P2, dan P3 terdapat penurunan kadar LDL meskipun diberi diet tinggi lemak (DTL) dan
PTU. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah ekstrak etanol daging buah plum mampu menurunkan
kadar LDL, dan pemberian dosis yang paling efektif dalam menurunkan kadar LDL adalah
2,4 g/kgBB (p<0.05).
Transmigração e transposição de caninos mandibulares: relato de caso
Authors: Rodrigues Átila Roberto , Oliveira Maiolino Thomaz Fonseca , Rocha Flaviana Soares , Santana Sandro Isaías , Almeida Guilherme de Araújo , Zanetta-Barbosa Darceny
Published: March 2022

Transmigração é a definição do movimento de caninos permanentes não irrompidos em direção à linha média dos maxilares, ultrapassando-a. Já a transposição dentária é uma anomalia ocasionada pela inversão na posição de dois dentes adjacentes. São duas raras anomalias de desenvolvimento. O prognóstico do tratamento destas anormalidades depende do diagnóstico precoce e do estágio de irrupção dos dentes envolvidos. O presente relato de caso descreve um caso incomum de transposição e transmigração de caninos mandibulares, no mesmo paciente, enfatizando aspectos relevantes para o manejo cirúrgico dessas alterações. A escolha de tratamento foi a exodontia dos caninos mandibulares, permitindo a correção ortodôntica das alterações oclusais e boa condição mastigatória. Após 12 meses de acompanhamento, paciente apresenta-se sem queixas e com adequado alinhamento e nivelamento das arcadas.
Índice de transporte e capacidade de centralização do canal promovidos pelos sistemas BioRace, V-File e ProTaper Next: um estudo por TCFC
Authors: De Oliveira Helder Fernandes , Clara Silva Ramos Anna , Morais Carneiro Borges Guardiano Gabrielle , Alves Garcia da Silva Jordana , Teresa Andrade do Amaral Maria , Geovana Camilo Naira , Carvalho Boggian Luciana , Aguirre Guedes Orlando
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: Analisar o índice de transporte (IT) e a capacidade de centralização (CC) do preparo do canal radicular com diferentes instrumentos de níquel-titânio por meio da tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC). Material e Métodos: Quarenta e cinco canais mesiovestibulares de molares inferiores prototipados foram aleatoriamente distribuídos em 03 grupos (n=15), conforme o instrumento rotatório empregado: G1. BioRace®; G2. V-File®; G3. Protaper Next®. Imagens de TCFC foram realizadas antes e após o preparo dos canais radiculares. As mensurações foram realizadas por dois examinadores utilizando-se o software OsiriX® DICOM Viewer. Estabeleceu-se o nível de 3 mm abaixo da furca para a realização das mensurações nas imagens. O IT e CC foram analisados conforme metodologia proposta por Gambill et al (1996). Os dados e os valores obtidos foram avaliados pelo teste de Kruskal-Wallis e o nível de significância foi de 5%. Resultados: Todos os instrumentos analisados apresentaram transporte e descentralização. BioRace® e V-File® apresentaram tendência ao transporte para o sentido distal, enquanto o Protaper Next® apresentou tendência para o sentido mesial, porém não foram encontradas diferenças entre os grupos (p>0,05). Não se verificou CC perfeita (=1,0) após o uso dos instrumentos testados. Conclusão: Nenhum instrumento acionado em cinemática de rotação contínua ou reciprocante mostrou ausência de transporte ou capacidade de centralização do canal.
TILLARNI TADQIQ QILISHDA TARIXIYLIK TAMOYILINING O‘RNI VA AHAMIYATI
Authors: KULDASHEV Akram
Published: March 2022

Maqola tilshunoslikdagi eng dolzarb muammolardan biri bo‘lgan — lingvistik tadqiqotlarda tarixiylik tamoyili masalasining ilmiy adabiyotlarda qo‘llanilish holatini o‘rganishga bag‘ishlangan. Tabiiy-ki, unda tilda bo‘ladigan turli xarakterdagi o‘zgarishlarning tabiati, turlari, ko‘lami va bu innovasiyalarning til funktsional jihatlarini kengayishi yoki torayishiga ko‘rsatadigan ta'siri kabi masalalar o‘rin olgan. an'anaviy tilshunoslikda, mantiqiy yo‘nalishda, struktural tilshunoslikda hamda hozirgi antroposentrizm paradigmasi davrida shakllangan lingvomadaniyatshunoslikning asosiy va yondosh yo‘nalishlarida tilning tarixi, til strukturasida kuzatiladigan diaxron o‘zgarishlar masalasi e'tibordan chetda qolib ketdi. bu narsa XX asr va XXІ asr boshlarida, ayniqsa yaqqol ko‘rinib qoldi. mazkur izlanishda tilshunoslik ta'limotlari tarixida kuzatilayotgan bu salbiy tendentsiyalarning kelib chiqish sabablari, antroposentrizmning asosiy ko‘rinishlari, tillarni tadqiq qilishda tarixiylik tamoyilini qo‘llamaslik, uning jihatlarini qo‘llashda xatolarga yo‘l qo‘yish, unga etarli baho bermaslikning tillar tabiati, rivojlanish qonuniyatlarini to‘g‘ri baholashga to‘siq bo‘lishi mumkinligi ko‘rsatib berildi. maqolani yozishga globalizm, xalqaro kontaktlarning keng tarqalishi kuzatiladigan bu dunyoda tilshunoslar tilning amaliy jihatlariga ko‘proq e'tibor qaratishga, til birliklarining qiyinchilik va qo‘llanish tezligi bo‘yicha parametrlariga e'tibor berishlari natijasida lingvistikaning nazariy masalalari, dunyo tillari rivojlanish tarixining turli aspektlariga e'tibor qaratishga etarli darajada motivasiyani his etmaslik holatlari kuzatilayotgani turtki bo‘ldi. shularni inobatga olgan holda, mualliflar tarixiylik tamoyilining lingvistik tadqiqotlarda mantiqiylik tamoyilidan kam ahamiyatga ega emasligini fanning taraqqiyoti ko‘rsatib qo‘yganligini izchil ravishda, tizimlilik yondashuvi asosida yoritib berishga harakat qilindi.
Bio-Wire
Authors: Ghosh Ushnik
Published: March 2022

Design of a semiconducting Bio-Wire developed from Silane Self-Assembled Monolayers, Neutravidin bio-films, and Carbon nanomaterials. The development of Self-Assembled Monolayers and highly specific Neutravidin bio-films have been characterized. 
Causes of Delayed Presentation of Retinoblastoma in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Pakistan
Authors: Mushtaq Asma , Gondal Huma Zafar , Qayyum Seema , Raza Ahmed , Azhar Fiza
Published: March 2022

Purpose:  To find out the causes of delayed presentation of Retinoblastoma in a tertiary care hospital.
Study Design:  Questionnaire based Survey.
Place and Duration of Study:  Pediatric ophthalmology department of The Children’s Hospital, Lahore, from January 2018 to December 2019.
Methods:  Mothers of patients who presented in the hospital were recruited for this survey. A questionnaire with details of the patient were noted. It included first symptom, time lapse since onset of first symptom, gender, age at presentation to first doctor (general practitioner), time lapse to presentation at tertiary care center (The Children’s Hospital & Institute of Child health), gender and laterality. General physical Examination was done by an oncologist and examination under anesthesia was done by a pediatric ophthalmologist. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Pearson Chi Square test was used to find significance of each cause.
Results:  Seventy participants were included in the study. Delayed presentation was seen in 42 patients (60%). The  various factors identified for delay in diagnosis and treatment in descending order are residence in rural areas 54 %, lack of finances 64%, social pressure 27%, awareness about   disease severity 60%, lack of transport 54%, Fear of enucleation 38% and seeking non-medical treatment/ alternate medication  32%. Significance of each factor was calculated using chi-square test.
Conclusion:  The causes identified can be highlighted on national level for development of health facilities in rural areas.
Key Words:  Retinoblastoma, Cancer, Malignant tumor, Leucocoria.
Postoperative Complications of Trabeculectomy in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma Versus Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma
Authors: Shahid Erum , Fasih Uzma , Shaikh Arshad
Published: March 2022

Purpose:  To compare the frequency of postoperative complications of trabeculectomy in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) with primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG).
Study Design:  Comparative experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study:  Department of Ophthalmology, Abbasi Shaheed Hospital, Karachi, from January 2017 to November 2019.
Methods:  Seventy-one patients who underwent primary trabeculectomy without antimetabolites for primary open-angle glaucoma and primary angle-closure glaucoma during the given period were included in the study. Patients who had significant cataract, repeated trabeculectomy, failed argon laser trabeculoplasty and trabeculectomy done for congenital glaucoma, traumatic glaucoma, secondary glaucoma were excluded from the study. Patients were followed up for 12 months and complications were compared. Secondary outcome was reduction in IOP.
Results:  Out of 71 patients, 52 had POAG and 19 had PACG. The mean age was 56.7 ± 10.9 for POAG and 52.2 ± 9.5 for PACG. The frequency of complications in POAG group was 28.2% and in PACG group was 21.1% (p >0.005).Complications were: cataract, uveitis, hyphema, choroidal folds, shallow anterior chamber, high IOP and positive Seidel test. Mean IOP reduction was from 31 ± 6.7mm of Hg and 40 ± 14.8 to 15.6 ± 4.2 and 13.8 ± 4.7 in POAG and PACG respectively (p-value > 0.005).Trabeculectomy was successful in 80.7% POAG and 73.6% PACG patients (p value > 0.005).
Conclusion:  No significant difference was observed in the frequency of complications in POAG and PACG patientsfollowing Trabeculectomy, over a period of 12 months. Trabeculectomy was equally effective in lowering IOP in both the groups.
Key Words:  Glaucoma, Primary Open Angle Glaucoma, Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma, Trabeculectomy,
Depressive Illness in Patients with Eye Disease, A Hidden Entity
Authors: Malik Yasir Iqbal , Malik Aqsa , Ahmad Waqas , Farooq M.
Published: March 2022

Purpose:  To determine the frequency of depressive illness in patients presenting with ocular complaints.
Study Design:  Observational cross sectional study,
Place and Duration of Study:  Watim Medical College, Rawat, Rawalpindi, from October 2021 to November 2021.
Methods:  All the patients presenting with ocular diseases and visiting were included in the study. Patients were asked to complete an Urdu translated version of patient health questionnaire (PHQ 9). Inclusion criteria was patients more than 40 years of age, with ocular complaints and either gender. Patients with age less than 40 years, mentally and physically handicapped, having a previous history of psychiatric disease, deaf and mute, any terminal, chronic or debilitating ocular or systemic disease were excluded. The results were analyzed and expressed with descriptive data in frequencies and the numerical data in average and standard deviations. Chi square test of significance was applied taking p value of less than 0.05 as significant.
Results:  A total of 537 patients (43.95% males and 56.05% females) were included. 60.71% of the participants were suffering from moderate to severe depression. Among them 12.1% had moderately severe and 16.76% had severe depression. More females (19.55%) suffered from depression which required treatment than males (9.31%).
Conclusion:  Significant number of patients presenting with ocular complaints suffered from depression, which can affect or may be effected by the underlying ocular disease. The ophthalmologists should be aware of the entity and should take into account while treating the ocular disease.
Key Words:  Eye, Depression, Dry eye disease
Partial Coherence Laser Interferometry Versus Conventional A-Scan Acoustic Biometry in Intraocular Lens Power Calculation – Comparison of Postoperative Refractive Error
Authors: Muid Javeria , Afzal Farooq
Published: March 2022

Purpose:  To compare the post-operative residual refractive error in patients undergoing cataract surgery using partial coherence laser interferometry (PCLI) versus A-scan Applanation acoustic biometry.
Study Design:  Quantitative experimental research.
Place and Duration of Study:  Shifa International Hospital (SIH), Islamabad from November 2018 to August 2019.
Methods:  Total 254 patients were selected. Group A included patients whose biometry was done using PCLI method and group B included patients who had A-Scan acoustic biometry. Intraocular lens power calculation was done using SRK/T formula. Phacoemulsification surgery with foldable Intraocular lens was performed. Patients were called for follow-up visit the next day and then one month after surgery. Postoperative refractive error was checked after one month. All data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 21.0. Descriptive statistics were used for qualitative as well as quantitative variables. We applied independent samples t-test to compare the mean postoperative refractive error in both groups. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant.
Results:  The mean age of patients was 65 ± 9.37 years. The preoperative mean axial length was 20.35 ± 1.1 mm in the PCLI group and 21.54 ± 1.2 mm in the ultrasound group. Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of postoperative residual refractive error in the PCLI group was 0.12 ± 0.13 mm (P = 0.003). The MAE in the ultrasound group was 0.18 ± 0.12 mm (P = 0.02).
Conclusion:  The non-contact optical biometry improves the mean absolute error for postoperative refraction and is a reliable tool for biometry in phakic eyes before surgery.
Key Words:  Partial coherence laser interferometry; Ultrasound A scan; Biometry; A-constant; Intraocular lens.
ANALISA SENYAWA METABOLIT SEKUNDER DAN PENGARUH PEMBERIAN SERBUK SEMUT JEPANG TERHADAP KADAR KOLESTEROL PADA TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN
Authors:   Institut Kesehatan Helvetia, Ekayanti Ginting Evi , Fatika Sari Cindy
Published: March 2022

This study aimed to examine the anticholesterol activity of Japanese ant powder on male white rats of the Wistar strain. This research was conducted experimentally with the method of pre-test and post-test with control group design. The negatif control was given Na-CMC 1%, the positive control was simvastatin 10 mg/kgBW, and the Japanese ant powder treatment group was given a dose of 100 mg/kgBW, 200 mg/kgBW and 300 mg/kgBW. The treatment of rats was given orally. Total cholesterol levels were measured in rat blood serum by the enzymatic CHODPAP method. Measurement of total cholesterol levels was carried out on the 15th and 22nd days using a microlab 300 photometer. The results showed that Japanese ant powder had anticholesterol activity. The percentage of cholesterol reduction in positive control was 59.75%, Japanese ant powder dose of 100 mg/kgBW was 41.79%, dose of Japanese ant powder 200 mg/kgBW was 48.72% and 300 mg/kgBW was 53.83%. The results of the ANOVA test showed a significant difference with a p value <0.05. The conclusion of this study is that Japanese ant powder has activity in reducing cholesterol levels in male white rats and the effective dose is 300 mg/kgBW.
فرض الكفاية من منظور الإمام الشاطبي دراسة أصولية
Authors: المطوع مها , الزنكي نجم الدين
Published: March 2022

تسعى هذه الدراسة إلى تسليط الضوء على (الفرض الكفائي) من منظور الإمام الشاطبي متبعة منهجاً استقرائياً استنباطياً مقارناً. وقد خلصت الدراسة إلى أن الشاطبي كان له إسهام تأصيلي تجديدي في بناء مفهوم دقيق للمصطلح يوفق به بين كونه مصلحة مقصودة التحصيل من مجموع الأمة وكونه مهماً تكليفياً خوطب به خاصة الأفراد في آن واحد؛ فبيّن أن الواجب الكفائي متوجه إلى البعض ولكن ليس أي بعض اتفق، بل البعض الذي يقوم بتحصيل مصالح ذلك الواجب، والمتسم بسمات التأهل لاجتلاب أغراضه، وهو متوجه في الوقت نفسه إلى غيره من أفراد الأمة؛ إذ يجب على غير المتأهل له إقدار المتأهل عليه ومعاونته والامتناع عن تعويقه؛ حتى يحصل لكل مكلف عالم بحصول ذلك التكليف ظنّ قيام المتأهل به على الوجه الذي يحقق مقصود الشرع، ويحصّل مصلحة الفعل المطلوب وينفي الحرج عن الأمة.
التَّجَسُّسُ الإلكِتْرُونِي بَيْنَ أَفْرادِ الأُسْرةِ أَسْبَابُهُ، وَعِلاجُهُ، وحُكْمُهُ في الفقه الإسلامي والقانون الإماراتي
Authors: الرديني ليث , الزنكي نجم الدين
Published: March 2022

يعرض هذا البحث موضوعاً مهماً يتعلَّقُ بالأسرة، وحماية خصوصيتها، ويسلِّط الضوء على مشكلة أسرية معاصرة، وهي: "التجسس الإلكتروني بين أفراد الأسرة"، سالكاً منهجاً استنباطيّاً تحليلياً. وقد توصَّل البحث إلى نتائج عديدة، منها: أن صيانة الأعراض، وحفظ العورات والحرمات، وستر الأحوال أصلٌ محفوظ لكل مسلم، لا سيَّما إذا كان التجسس في غير ريبة، ولا قرائن ظاهرة، ولا أمارات واضحة. وأن جواز التجسس الإلكتروني في الشرع مشروط بوجود قرائن واضحة، وأمارات قوية، وأسباب معقولة، تبيح للإنسان أن يتجسس على غيره، وأن يتدخل في شؤونه الخاصة، مع وجود الضرورة أو المصلحة الراجحة. وقد جرَّم القانون الإماراتي التجسس الإلكتروني، والتدخل في خصوصيات الأشخاص، أو شؤون الأسر، أو الاطلاع على المراسلات الخاصة، من دون إذن.
الوازع الطّبعيّ، مفهومه ومكانته وقواعده في الفقه الإسلامي
Authors: الزعابي جاسم , سماعي محمد
Published: March 2022

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى الوقوف على أبرز قواعد الوازع الطبعي، معرجةً على تعريف الوازع الطبعي، وبيان مكانته في الشريعة الإسلامية، وأثره في المنظومة التشريعية، وتوصلت الدراسة إلى أنّ للوازع الطبعي مكانة خاصة في الشريعة الإسلامية، فقد وظفته في مجالات تشريعية كثيرة، منها: التنفير عن المحرمات، والحث على الأخلاق، ومحاسن العادات، وتوصلت أيضا إلى أنَّ للوازع الطبعي أثرا ظاهرا في جملة الأحكام الشرعية، وأنّ ضبط قواعده مما يعين على ممارسة الاجتهاد في النوازل.