bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PCC Effects with Expletives and Non-Associate Postverbal Subjects in Bolognese
Authors: Rubin Edward
Published: February 2022

This paper contrasts a Bolognese postverbal subject construction and other grammars with the common Romance one (also in Bolognese) that has longdistance full agreement of the tensed verb and the Case Licensed subject, with an expletive satisfying EPP. In the new Bolognese data, full agreement is absent, a special clitic occurs, and the postverbal subject is person restricted.Lack of subject agreement also raises questions about its licensing.The Minimalist proposal is that grammars like Bolognese can specify a feature set on theexpletive that checks EPP in this data, and that it is thus an independent second nominalin the domain of the sole agreement and Case Licensing probe, T. This specified expletiveis shown to explain all the properties of this data. For the person restrictions and Case Licensing of the postverbal subject, it applies Cyclic/Multiple Agree, the elaboration ofAgree underlying PCCeffects, to the two nominals. The analysis is extended to othergrammars with similar but slightly differing data by simple manipulation of the featureseton the specified expletive and of the clitic inventory of the grammar.
The timing of production
Authors: Sanfelici Emanuela , Gallina Camilla
Published: February 2022

This paper investigates the acquisition of prepositions in Italian looking at children’s early spontaneous speech. With a longitudinal study on the production of seven Italian-speaking children aged 1;7 to 3;4, we sought to determine the timing in which different prepositional items emerged in children’s speech. Following much acquisition research, the order of emergence is assumed to reveal how syntax develops during acquisition (Rizzi, 1993/1994; Pérez-Leroux & al., 2012; Friedmann, Belletti, & Rizzi, 2020). Our analysis revealed that children produced different prepositional items at different stages. Adverbial prepositions, i.e., prepositions lacking a lexicalized complement, were produced in an order following the semantic feature hierarchy proposed in Clark (1972). The development of prepositional items with a lexicalized complement was consistent with the geometry of the syntactic tree proposed in the cartographic literature (Cinque, 2010). Interestingly, our results are in line with previous findings on French and Spanish (Morgenstern & Sekali, 2009; Stewart 2015) but diverge from those reported for English (Littlefield, 2009). In this respect, the development of prepositions patterns alike with the acquisition of other functional morphemes that differentiates morphologically rich languages from those with a poorer functional inventory.
Aktivitas Fisik Mahasiswa STKIP PGRI Sumenep Selama Bulan Ramadhan
Authors: Supriyanto Nugroho Agung , Azis Abdul
Published: February 2022

The month of Ramadan is a month that requires Muslims to fasting from the sunrise until the sun sets. The month of Ramadan changes the pattern of physical activities. The aim of this study was to determine the level physical activity of STKIP PGRI Sumenep students during the month of Ramadan. This study uses a descriptive quantitative with the percentage method (%). The research subjects were 97 students. The results showed that 53 students (54.64%) were at the light level, 38 students (39.18%) were at the moderate level and 6 students were at the vigorous level (6.19%). Most students are at the light level because students also increase their level of worship during the month of Ramadan.
Detraining Pada Pemain Sepak Bola Pasca Turnamen
Authors: Hadi Santika Rentika , Rosmi Yandi Fefrian , Mardhika Riga
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kecepatan lari pemain Sepak Bola selama latihan menghadapi turnamen Piala Menpora tahun 2019 dan melihat kondisi setelah periode detraining pasca turnamen. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif, menggunakan pendekatan Observational methods. Subjek penelitian adalah pemain PS UNIPA Surabaya yang tergabung dalam team inti untuk mengikuti turnamen Piala Menpora yang berjumlah 18 pemain. Data yang diperoleh diolah melalui analisis data kuantitatif dengan bantuan program spss, dan analisis persentasi dari hasil observasi pemain sepak bola. Data yang diperoleh berupa data kecepatan berlari dengan jarak tempuh 50 meter pada pretest (5,7322±0,43042) dan posttest (5,5933±0,43042) diolah melalui uji t dengan hasil p<0,05 (0,001<0,005). Hasil tersebut menunjukkan adanya perbedaan antara rata-rata pretest dengan posttest, bila membandingkan mean, dapat terlihat adanya peningkatan kecepatan pemain PS UNIPA Surabaya. Data berikutnya adalah data posttest setelah periode detraining (5,6906±0,42926). Bila dibandingkan dengan posttest setelah periode latihan dengan diolah melalui uji t diperoleh hasil p<0,05 (0,005<0,05). Hasil tersebut menunjukkan adanya perbedaan antara rata-rata pretest dengan posttest, bila membandingkan mean, dapat terlihat adanya penurunan kembali kecepatan pemain sepak bola setelah periode detraining. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa: 1). Ada peningkatan kecepatan pemain sepak bola dalam mempersiapkan Turnamen antar Mahasiswa Piala Menpora Tahun 2018 di Bandung; 2) Terjadi penurunan kecepatan pemain sepak bola setelah periode detraining pasca Turnamen antar Mahasiswa Piala Menpora Tahun 2018 di Bandung; 3). Penurunan performa dan kecepatan pemain sepak bola setelah periode detraining pasca Turnamen Antar Mahasiswa Piala Menpora di Bandung Tahun 2018-2019 tidak sampai kembali pada kondisi awal sebelum latihan persiapan.
Perbedaan Tingkat Kebugaran Jasmani Siswa SMP Berdasarkan Letak Geografis
Authors: Wicaksono Lungit , Kusuma Satria , Alfadhil Ridho afiegi
Published: February 2022

Differences in a person's geographical location can determine the level of physical activity, so that it can be a picture to balance the physical activity of the two places. The purpose of this study was to compare the fitness and physical strength of junior high school students living in low and highlands. This research uses an observational study method, where all subjects will be taken data at one time. 30 male junior high school students with an average age of 13.48 0.79 years, body weight 47.95 ± 4.48 kg and height 157.94 ± 4.99 cm participated in this study. where the total subject will be divided into 2 groups consisting of 15 junior high school students from the lowlands and 15 junior high school students from the highlands. The results showed that the fitness status and physical strength of junior high school students living in highlands had good scores when compared to students living in lowlands. Thus it can be concluded that a person's geographical location affects a person's fitness. These findings can be used as consideration for teachers at schools in order to balance the fitness status of students who live at low altitudes so that they can have good physique like students who live at high altitudes.
Observance of Patients’ Rights by Physicians and Operating Room Technicians
Authors: Hazaryan Mahsa , Salehi Kamboo Masoomeh , Mirzaeipour Farshid , Maasoumi Raziyeh
Published: February 2022

Background: Patients’ rights refer to specific legal privileges related to physical, psychological, spiritual, and social needs that have been reflected in the form of medical standards, rules, and regulations, and the health system and medical staff are responsible for their observance. Objectives: The present study aimed to assess the observance of patients’ rights by physicians (surgeons and anesthesiologists) and technicians (anesthetists and operating room technicians). Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 142 operating room technicians and physicians working in hospitals affiliated with Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences in 2018. The participants were selected using stratified random sampling. The patient rights observation checklist was completed by indirect observation of the participants’ performance, and the data were analyzed with SPSS version 20 using the chi-square test and independent samples t-test. Results: The mean scores for the extent to which patients’ rights were observed by all technicians and all physicians were 69.7 ± 10.5 and 57.17 ± 11.7, respectively. The corresponding values were 65.15 ± 9.36 and 54.27 ± 11.24 for the anesthesiologists and surgeons and 84.16 ± 7.31 and 66.63 ± 8.23 for the anesthetists and operating room technicians, respectively. The patients’ rights observance scores were significantly higher for the anesthetists than for the operating room technicians (P = 0.001) and higher for the anesthesiologists than for the surgeons (P = 0.005). Conclusions: This study indicated that although anesthesiologists and anesthetists observed patients’ rights more than operating room technicians and surgeons, the observance of patients’ rights in the operating room was generally moderate. Thus, it is essential to hold refresher courses in medical ethics and patient rights for medical staff.
¿Después de la metafísica?
Authors: Falque Emmanuel , Eguiarte B. Enrique A. ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: February 2022

In this article E. Falque offers an original reading of the Augustinian epithet “I am a weight to myself” (oneri mihi sum, conf. 10.28). The question for Falque is not to determine whether Augustine belongs to the history of metaphysics (as is J.-L. Marión’s interest), but to determine what Augustine’s “weight of life” does to phenomenology in the backlash (‘le choc en retour’), or the after theafter, of metaphysics. Specifically, foliowing M. Heidegger, Falque finds the “weight of life” particularly relevant to frame the post-metaphysical experience of memory and the question of pain. Overall, the infamous Augustinian “restless heart” finquietum, conf. 1.1) ineludes, through the “weight of life”, an unquenchable dynamic which is the divine action in human beings. The “weight of life” is such in the finitude of human existence that there always remains restlessness in rest. Thus, Falque recovers the restlessness of rest through an analysis of the backlash of the “weight of life” in the after the after of metaphysics.
“First, Do No Harm”?
Authors: John Stephen , Wu Joseph ,   Department of Philosophy, Florida State University
Published: February 2022

Screening for asymptomatic disease is a routine aspect of contemporary public health practice. However, it is also controversial, because it leads to overdiagnosis and overtreatment, with many arguing that programmes are “ineffective,” i.e., the “costs” outweigh the “benefits.” This paper explores a more fundamental objection to screening programmes: that, even if they are effective, they are ethically impermissible because they breach the principle of non-maleficence. In so doing, it suggests a new approach to the ethics of risk, justifying a concern with how policies affect individuals’ absolute ex-ante prospects. Part 1 sets up the tension between screening and non-maleficence. Part 2 introduces and motivates a novel interpretation of the non-maleficence principle, “ex-ante Do No Harm,” which resolves this tension. Part 3 defends and clarifies this principle by discussing its relationship to the ex-ante Pareto principle. Part 4 discusses the worry that risk estimates are too “subjective.”
Uso e cobertura da terra, legislação e conflitos: implicações para a gestão ambiental em Muritiba-BA
Authors: Oliveira Junior Israel de , Pereira Anderson de Jesus , Lobão Jocimara Souza Britto
Published: February 2022

Por meio deste estudo, objetivou analisar o uso e cobertura da terra para fundamentar a discussão sobre a sustentabilidade e a gestão ambiental no município de Muritiba-BA. A área de estudo está inserida no bioma Mata Atlântica e no território de identidade Recôncavo, onde são desenvolvidas atividades agropastoris e urbanas. Mediante a interpretação da imagem do sensor Pleiades-1A, com resolução espacial de 50cm, realizou a vetorização em tela das classes e produziu um mapa de uso e cobertura da terra (1/50.000). Para tanto, seguiram as indicações do sistema de classificação do IBGE para vegetação e o uso e cobertura da terra, acordado com os dados verificados em campo, resolução da imagem e escalas geográficas e cartográficas. Os resultados demonstraram a preponderância da agropecuária, que recobrem o município com lavoura-pastagem alternadas. Essa atividade, associada às urbanas, suprimiram as formações vegetais primárias. Hoje, ocorrem pequenas e isoladas manchas de vegetação secundária, caracterizadas pela predominância da Mimosa tenuiflora (Mart.) Benth, da família Fabaceae-Mimosoideae, conhecida como Jurema. Constatou-se a dificuldade da gestão ambiental, devido às evidências da insustentabilidade e da materialização da crise ambiental, observada na supressão da vegetação da área de preservação permanente (APP), o que demonstra a incompatibilidade entre uso e legislação vigente.
Aerobic training with a self-selected or predetermined intensity on sleep parameters in adolescents with obesity: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Lyra Maria Julia , Barros Tércio Araújo do Rego , Tenório Thiago Ricardo dos Santos , Gomes Willemax dos Santos , Germano-Soares Antônio Henrique , Freitas-Dias Ricardo , De-Mello Marco Túlio , Santos Marcos André Moura , Prado Wagner Luiz do
Published: February 2022

Objectives To compare the effects of self-selected and predetermined intensity on sleep quality and duration, daytime sleepiness, and sleep efficiency of adolescents with obesity after 12 weeks of aerobic training.

Material and Methods Thirty-seven adolescents (12 girls), 13-18 years old, with obesity (BMI = 95th) were randomized into a predetermined intensity group (PIG), exercise intensity around 60-70% of heart rate reserve; or self-selected intensity group (SIG), the adolescents chose the speed/intensity at the beginning of each session and were able to change it every 5 minutes. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) were used to assess sleep outcomes.

Results No differences were observed for PSQI [0.00 ± 2.00 vs 1.38 ± 2.7; p=0.195; d=0.60 (moderate effect)], sleep duration [-0.95 ± 1.2 vs -0.35 ± 1.6; p=0.358; d=0.41 (small effect)], ESS [(2.10 ± 3.9 vs 1.15 ± 4.5; p=0.195; d=0.23 (small effect)], and sleep efficiency [(81.5 ± 24.0 vs 79.4 ± 17.0; p=0.8.14; d=0.10 (trivial effect)] for the PIG and SIG groups, respectively.

Conclusion Aerobic training at a self- selected or predetermined intensity does not modulate sleep quality, sleep duration and efficiency, and daytime sleepiness, independent of intensity.
Influence of radicality surgical excision on results in the treatment of Basocellular Skin Carcinoma (BCC)
Authors: Lukić D. , Lazić P. , Bandić J. , Tačević Z. , Babić N. , Ivić D.
Published: February 2022

With the prospective study, from June 2003 to January 2013, were compared the results of treatment of basocellular carcinomas (BCC) of the skin in 210 respondents. The respondents were divided into 3 groups. The first group, group A (61 respondents) consisted of respondents treated for BCC with surgical excision, with distance incision of 1 cm from the tumor. In the second group, group B (79 respondents) were classified respondents treated for BCC with surgical excision, at distance incision 2 cm from the tumor, while the third group, group C (70 respondents) was classified by respondents treated with surgical excision of BCC, at distance incision approximately 3cm from the tumor. The parameters for comparison of treatment results were: the method (radicality) of treatment, number of the relapse, elapsed time from surgery to relapse and subsequent disfiguration. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal radicality in the treatment of BCC, i.e., the number of relapses in relation to the radicalism of the BCC excisions. In most of the respondents, intraoperative skin defect was closed by direct suture. Spare distance, from the edge of the BCC, which amounts to 1 cm in group A, results in significantly lower percentage of disfigurement. At the same time, in group A was recorded the highest number of recurrences of BCC. Radical surgeries of BCC, which were performed with the resection margin of 3 cm from the BCC, resulted in the lowest number of relapses, but statistically significant percentage of postoperative disfigurement. The most optimal excisional distance from the edge of the BCC is about 2 cm. Due to the significantly smaller number of disfigurement, resections distance of 2 cm from the BCC and direct suture of postoperative defect take precedence, regardless of the localization of the tumor.
The analysis of influence of tumor localization on late diagnosis and treatment in patients with skin melanoma
Authors: Lukić D. , Lazić P. , Bandić J. , Radak Đ. , Babić N. , Ivić D.
Published: February 2022

With the prospective study, from June 2004 to June 2012, were compared the results of the influence of tumor position on late diagnosis and treatment of skin melanoma. Respondents were classified according to clinical appearance in 2 equal groups. The first group, group A (32 respondents) consisted of respondents that underwent radical wide excision of the primary tumor at an early stage of the disease. In the second group, group B (32 respondents) were classified respondents with melanoma that underwent radical excision of melanoma at a later stage of the disease. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of tumor localization on late diagnosis and treatment of skin melanoma. In 25 respondents (78.1%) who were operated at an early stage, melanoma was located on the face, chest, abdomen and extremities, while in 7 (21.9%) respondents, melanoma was localized on the back. In the group of late operated respondents, melanoma was positioned on the face, chest, abdomen and extremities in 9 (28.1%) respondents, while in 23 (71.9%) respondents, tumor was localized on the back. It has been shown that tumor localization essentially determines the time of visits of respondents for examination. Melanoma on the back remains unnoticed for a long time, i.e. unrecognized changes in lesions compared to lesions of other anatomical regions, which is probably the reason for the bigger waste of time and late diagnosis. Respondents in group B consulted the doctor 4-5 months later, because of melanoma position than the group A, which is proved to be statistically significant. There was found a statistically significant difference in terms of recurrence of the disease. Relapse was observed in group B 3 times higher than in group A. Localization of melanoma significantly affects the outcome of the treatment of the disease. There was a statistically significant difference in survival of respondents in groups, because the mortality rate in group B was almost three times higher.
Flat-Back Syndrome as post traumatic or post scoliosis treatment disorder of the spine
Authors: Meccariello Luigi , Cioffi Sara , Grubor Predrag , Franzese Raffaele , Cioffi Raffaele , di Giacinto
Published: February 2022

The term flat-back syndrome has been used to describe symptoms resulting from distraction instrumentation into the lower lumbar spine or sacrum and other factors that may aggravate the loss of lumbar lordosis include thoracolumbar kyphosis, fixed thoracic kyphosis, hip flexion contractures, and pseudarthrosis , although loss of lumbar lordosis may occur with modern segmental implant systems if precautions to preserve lumbar lordosis are not taken loss of lumbar lordosis with forward inclination of the trunk, inability to stand upright, and back pain. The aim of this paper is to review the literature to determinate causes and clinical presentation of Flat-Back Syndrome.
La biografía literaria en el contexto histórico-cultural (la correlación tipológica entre el texto y la personalidad del autor)
Authors: Lotman Luri M. , Guzmán Rafael
Published: February 2022

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Una cuestión de símbolos y la búsqueda de la unidad
Authors: Block de Behar Lisa
Published: February 2022

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Características del discurso en las memorias españolas del siglo XIX (1875-1914)
Authors: Mateos Montero Aurora
Published: February 2022

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Jesús Camarero y Ángela Serna (coords.): Escritura y Multimedia (Actas del I Encuentro Internacional sobre Lenguajes Artísticos Inter-Medios). (Vitoria: UPV-DFA-Arteragin, 1994)
Authors: Baetens Jan
Published: February 2022

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José Romera, Alicia Yllera y Mario García-Page (Eds.): Semiótica (s). Homenaje a Greimas. Actas del III Seminario Internacional del Instituto de Semiótica Literaria y Teatral. (Madrid: Visor Libros, 1994, 326 pp.)
Authors: Cortés Ibáñez Emilia
Published: February 2022

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The association of faculty-student interaction, psychological well-being, and the image of nurses of nursing students on nursing professionalism in the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Park Jinho , Kang Dayun , Kang Jimin , Gwak Nahyeon , Kim Chaeeun , Lee Myung Kyung
Published: February 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of faculty-student interaction, psychological well-being, and the image of nurses with nursing professionalism in the COVID-19 pandemic situation.Methods: The participants of the study were 243 nursing college students located in Daegu, Kyungpook. Data collection was performed between August 11 and 20, 2021. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression using the IBM SPSS 21.0 program.Results: The multiple regression showed that nursing professionalism was associated with a positive image of nurses (β=.71, p<.001) and higher faculty-student interaction (β=.11, p=.023). Additionally, a negative impression about nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic was negatively associated with nursing professionalism (β=-.12, p=.003). The explanatory power of the factors was 67 percent of the total variances on nursing professionalism; however, psychological well-being was not an associated factor.Conclusion: This study suggested that, to improve nursing student’s nursing professionalism in the COVID-19 pandemic situation, nursing colleges should systemize curricular and non-curricular programs to improve awareness of nurses’ efforts and faculty-student interaction.
Analysis of the importance of nursing care and performance confidence perceived by nurses in the neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: Lim Heemoon , Lee Hyejung , Kim Eunsook , Kim Hyoyeong , Jang Eunkyung
Published: February 2022

Purpose: Neonatal nurses are expected to have clinical competency to provide qualified and safe care for high-risk infants. An educational intervention to enhance nurses’ clinical competence is often a priority in the nursing field. This study was conducted to explore nurses’ perceived importance and performance confidence of nursing care activities in neonatal intensive care units.Methods: One hundred forty-one neonatal nurses from seven hospitals across South Korea participated in the online survey study. The scale of neonatal nursing care activity consisted of 8 subdomains including professional practice (assessment, diagnosis, planning, intervention, evaluation, education, research, and leadership). The Importance-Performance Matrix was used to analyze the importance of and confident performance in each of the nursing subdomains.Results: Both importance and performance confidence increased as nurses’ age (p=.042 and p<.001) and clinical experience (p=.004 and p<.001). Participants scored relatively higher in importance and performance confidence in the professional practice subdomains (assessment, intervention, evaluation), but scored lower in the education and research subdomains.Conclusion: To provide evidence-based nursing care for high-risk infants in neonatal intensive care units, educational interventions should be developed to support nurses based on the findings of the research.
The Influence of Attachment to Primary Caregivers and Family Interaction on Rural Children’s Social Competence: The Mediating Effect of Self-Regulation Ability
Authors: Kim Subin , Lim Jiyoung
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether attachment to primary caregivers and family interaction affect rural children’s social competence through self-regulation ability. To achieve this, a survey was conducted with 345 students aged 11-13 attending elementary schools in a rural area of Gyeongsang Province. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, and path analysis using the AMOS 23.0 program. The main result was that rural children’s self-regulation had an indirect effect on attachment with primary caregivers and family interaction through social competence. The findings of this study will contribute to designing a variety of programs that can promote the positive development of social competence among rural children.
The Effect of Teacher-Infant Interaction and the Multiple Mediation of Classroom Environment on the Effect of Infant Teacher Expertise, Teaching Creativity, and Play Beliefs on Play Teaching Efficacy
Authors: Lee Misun , Hwang Hye Jung
Published: February 2022

This study examined the relationships between teacher variables that improve the efficacy of the play teaching of infants and toddlers following a play-oriented curriculum. The participants were 287 infant teachers. The results were as follows. First, the independent variables had a significant effect on the efficacy of play teaching, teacher-infant interaction, and classroom environment. Second, the mediating effects of teacher-infant interaction and classroom environment on the effect of independent variables on the efficacy of play teaching were as follows. The interaction mediating effect between professionalism and play belief was significant, but teaching creativity was found to be significant. In the mediating effect of the classroom environment, expertise, play belief, and teaching creativity were found to be significant. Third, both teacher-infant interaction and the multimedia effect of the classroom environment were statistically significant in mediating the effect of independent variables on the efficacy of play teaching. These results provide basic data on the necessity for teacher education to explore ways to improve teachers' sense of efficacy in teaching play and their teaching skills.
The Effect of Maternal Cognitive Empathy on Preschooler's Executive Function: Mediating Effects of Preschooler's Caring Behavior and Happiness
Authors: Kong Youngsook , Lim Jiyoung , An Sunjung , Lee Yoonjeong
Published: February 2022

This study examined the effect of maternal cognitive empathy on children's executive function focusing on mediating effects of preschooler's caring behavior and happiness. The subject of this study was 460 fiveyear-old preschooler-their mother dyads in Korea. Data were collected by Korean Version of Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy(K-QCAE), Caring Behaviors Scale for Young Children, Happiness Scale for Young Children and Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function–Preschool Version(BRIEF-P). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, Pearson correlation analysis, structural equation model and bootstrapping test with SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 23.0 program. The major results were as follows. 1) Maternal cognitive empathy had a positive influence on preschooler's caring behavior. 2) Preschooler's caring behavior had a positive influence on happiness and executive function. 3) Preschooler's happiness had a positive influence on executive function. 4) The effect of maternal cognitive empathy on preschooler's executive function was mediated by preschooler's caring behavior. 5) The effect of maternal cognitive empathy on preschooler's executive function was sequentially mediated by preschooler's caring behavior and happiness. This study revealed that maternal cognitive empathy, preschooler's caring behavior, and happiness have an important role in preschooler's executive function. Most of all, we suggest that maternal cognitive empathy should be improved to promote preschooler's executive function. The findings of this study will contribute to designing intervention programs to improve preschooler's executive function as well as maternal empathy.
TREM2 regulates purinergic receptor-mediated calcium signaling and motility in human iPSC-derived microglia
Authors: Jairaman Amit , McQuade Amanda , Granzotto Alberto , Kang You Jung , Chadarevian Jean Paul , Gandhi Sunil , Parker Ian , Smith Ian , Cho Hansang , Sensi Stefano L , Othy Shivashankar , Blurton-Jones Mathew , Cahalan Michael D
Published: February 2022

The membrane protein TREM2 (Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid cells 2) regulates key microglial functions including phagocytosis and chemotaxis. Loss-of-function variants of TREM2 are associated with increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Because abnormalities in Ca2+ signaling have been observed in several AD models, we investigated TREM2 regulation of Ca2+ signaling in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived microglia (iPSC-microglia) with genetic deletion of TREM2. We found that iPSC-microglia lacking TREM2 (TREM2 KO) show exaggerated Ca2+ signals in response to purinergic agonists, such as ADP, that shape microglial injury responses. This ADP hypersensitivity, driven by increased expression of P2Y12 and P2Y13 receptors, results in greater release of Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum stores, which triggers sustained Ca2+ influx through Orai channels and alters cell motility in TREM2 KO microglia. Using iPSC-microglia expressing the genetically encoded Ca2+ probe, Salsa6f, we found that cytosolic Ca2+ tunes motility to a greater extent in TREM2 KO microglia. Despite showing greater overall displacement, TREM2 KO microglia exhibit reduced directional chemotaxis along ADP gradients. Accordingly, the chemotactic defect in TREM2 KO microglia was rescued by reducing cytosolic Ca2+ using a P2Y12 receptor antagonist. Our results show that loss of TREM2 confers a defect in microglial Ca2+ response to purinergic signals, suggesting a window of Ca2+ signaling for optimal microglial motility.
Antifungal activity of an artificial peptide aptamer SNP-D4 against Fusarium oxysporum
Authors: Huang Junjun , Wang Dan , Li Hong , Tang Yanqiong , Ma Xiang , Tang Hongqian , Lin Min , Liu Zhu
Published: February 2022

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (FOC4) is a pathogen of banana fusarium wilt, which is a serious problem that has plagued the tropical banana industry for many years. The pathogenic mechanism is complex and unclear, so the prevention and control in agricultural production applications is ineffective. SNP-D4, an artificial peptide aptamer, was identified and specifically inhibited FOC4. To evaluate the efficacy of SNP-D4, FoC4 spores were treated with purified SNP-D4 to calculate the germination and fungicide rates. Damage of FOC4 spores was observed by staining with propidium iodide (PI). Eight proteins of FOC4 were identified to have high affinity for SNP-D4 by a pull-down method combined with Q-Exactive mass spectrometry. Of these eight proteins, A0A5C6SPC6, the aldehyde dehydrogenase of FOC4, was selected as an example to scrutinize the interaction sites with SNP-D4. Molecular docking revealed that Thr66 on the peptide loop of SNP-D4 bound with Tyr437 near the catalytic center of A0A5C6SPC6. Subsequently 42 spore proteins which exhibited associations with the eight proteins were retrieved for protein-protein interaction analysis, demonstrating that SNP-D4 interfered with pathways including ‘translation’, ‘folding, sorting and degradation’, ‘transcription’, ‘signal transduction’ and ‘cell growth and death’, eventually causing the inhibition of growth of FOC4. This study not only investigated the possible pathogenic mechanism of FOC4, but also provided a potential antifungal agent SNP-D4 for use in the control of banana wilt disease.
Spatial patterns in the contribution of biotic and abiotic factors to the population dynamics of three freshwater fish species
Authors: Chevalier Mathieu , Tedesco Pablo , Grenouillet Gael
Published: February 2022

Background

Population dynamics are driven by a number of biotic (e.g., density-dependence) and abiotic (e.g., climate) factors whose contribution can greatly vary across study systems (i.e., populations). Yet, the extent to which the contribution of these factors varies across populations and between species and whether spatial patterns can be identified has received little attention.

Methods

Here, we used a long-term (1982–2011), broad scale (182 sites distributed across metropolitan France) dataset to study spatial patterns in the population’s dynamics of three freshwater fish species presenting contrasted life-histories and patterns of elevation range shifts in recent decades. We used a hierarchical Bayesian approach together with an elasticity analysis to estimate the relative contribution of a set of biotic (e.g., strength of density dependence, recruitment rate) and abiotic (mean and variability of water temperature) factors affecting the site-specific dynamic of two different size classes (0+ and >0+ individuals) for the three species. We then tested whether the local contribution of each factor presented evidence for biogeographical patterns by confronting two non-mutually exclusive hypotheses: the “range-shift” hypothesis that predicts a gradient along elevation or latitude and the “abundant-center” hypothesis that predicts a gradient from the center to the edge of the species’ distributional range.

Results

Despite contrasted life-histories, the three species displayed similar large-scale patterns in population dynamics with a much stronger contribution of biotic factors over abiotic ones. Yet, the contribution of the different factors strongly varied within distributional ranges and followed distinct spatial patterns. Indeed, while abiotic factors mostly varied along elevation, biotic factors—which disproportionately contributed to population dynamics—varied along both elevation and latitude.

Conclusions

Overall while our results provide stronger support for the range-shift hypothesis, they also highlight the dual effect of distinct factors on spatial patterns in population dynamics and can explain the overall difficulty to find general evidence for geographic gradients in natural populations. We propose that considering the separate contribution of the factors affecting population dynamics could help better understand the drivers of abundance-distribution patterns.
Context-Aware Dynamic Object Relationship Modeling
Authors: Toyoda Kentaroh , Gan Kai Ying Rachel , Puay Siew Tan , Neng Sheng Zhang Allan
Published: February 2022

Finding relationships in the data is essential for object modeling. However, existing methods generally focus on pre-defined static relationships using semantics and ontology, which is inappropriate when we are interested in dynamic relationships between objects that appear in data sources (e.g. log files). In this paper, we propose two novel methods to dynamically extract contextual relationships that appear in heterogeneous data sources. Our method detects contexts (e.g. time and location) in a given data source and quantifies the similarities between objects based on the detected contexts. Specifically, our methods consist of (i) a fast and accurate context detection method with carefully engineered discriminative features and (ii) a similarity measure that takes into account contexts. We evaluated our context detection method with an open dataset to show its detection accuracy and speed.
Turistificação nos bairros da Gamboa e da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Silva Marina Hastenreiter , Fratucci Aguinaldo Cesar
Published: February 2022

A cidade do Rio de Janeiro passou por processos de reestruturação urbana em recortes espaciais específicos devido aos Jogos Olímpicos de 2016. Dentre eles, destaca-se, por sua centralidade e pelas questões socioespaciais envolvidas, a Operação Urbana Porto Maravilha, que teve entre suas finalidades o fomento à prática do turismo na Zona Portuária, especificamente nos bairros da Gamboa e da Saúde. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar as percepções dos moradores dos referidos bairros a respeito das alterações ocorridas no seu espaço vivido em decorrência daquele recente processo de turistificação. Para tal propósito, realizou-se: (1) levantamento bibliográfico; (2) pesquisa exploratória; (3) pesquisa documental em mapas e guias turísticos da cidade do Rio de Janeiro; (4) aplicação do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo; (5) análise e discussão dos resultados obtidos. Foram entrevistados 41 moradores com tempo de moradia de pelo menos 20 anos nesses bairros. Como resultados, identificou-se que os moradores têm percepções distintas sobre o seu espaço de vida, a Operação Urbana Porto Maravilha e a prática do turismo. As contribuições desta pesquisa colaboram para a discussão sobre os grandes projetos urbanos e a prática do turismo, a partir das vozes dos moradores.
Trajetórias de mulheres na docência e na pesquisa em Turismo
Authors: Censon Dianine , Reis Cecília Ulisses Frade dos , Medaglia Juliana , Shizue Massukado Nakatani Marcia
Published: February 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir as questões de gênero na academia ao descrever a trajetória de mulheres que atuam nos Programas de Pós-graduação em Turismo, Hotelaria ou Hospitalidade no Brasil. Foram contatadas todas as 71 mulheres, dos 11 Programas de Pós-Graduação, contando com a participação de 31 docentes vinculadas a 10 PPGs, ou 43% do total. Com abordagem qualitativa, adotou-se entrevistas como método de coleta de dados. A partir das transcrições em totalidade e da leitura do corpus textual, foram organizados temas que tratavam da formação, da carreira no ensino superior, e do entrelaçamento entre a vida profissional e a vida pessoal. Com a análise pudemos identificar uma versão de trajetória de mulheres na pesquisa e na docência em turismo que não se caracterizava como representativa nem ilustrativa de uma única mulher, mas sim como uma versão compartilhada da trajetória dessas mulheres. Concluímos que as formas como essas mulheres lidam com a docência e a pesquisa influenciaram e influenciam diretamente na pesquisa em turismo no Brasil. Além disso, observamos que as mulheres da docência e da pesquisa do turismo brasileiro enfrentam e vivenciam desafios atrelados ao gênero, tais como as mulheres no mercado de trabalho como um todo.
Renal Angioembolisation in the Management of Bleeding Post Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy- A Retrospective Study
Authors: Vishnuvardhan Devara Anil Kashi , Sharma Sonica
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Renal Angioembolisation (RAE) plays a vital role in the treatment of renal bleeding after Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Renal pseudoaneurysm and arteriovenous fistulas following extended haemorrhages after PCNL are the most serious complications of this operation. Aim: To retrospectively analyse the patients for the management of bleeding post PCNL and to analyse the efficacy of renal angioembolisation. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted from from May 2019 to June 2020, on a total of 32 patients, who underwent PCNL for nephrolithiasis, experienced haematuria and were referred to interventional Radiology Department of tertiary care teaching hospital for renal angioembolisation. The patients who underwent a postoperative Computed Tomography (CT) scan to assess the cause of bleeding were included. Past medical records of all 32 patients were collected in terms of patient particulars, surgical details of PCNL, development of post PCNL haematuria between 5th and 14th postoperative days as a complication necessitating a hospital admission, digital subtraction angiographic findings, types of embolisation materials used and follow-up information. Data was analysed statistically using Sigmaplot software version 10.0 and represented in the form of percentages for all the study parameters. Results: Of the 32 patients who were referred for renal angioembolisation in management of bleeding after PCNL, there were 21 males and 11 females with average age of 45.6±11.2 years. Right kidney was involved in 14 cases (43.7%) and left kidney was involved in 18 cases (56.3%). A total of 31 patients revealed abnormal angiographic findings with Pseudoaneurysms (PA) in 29 (90.6%), arteriovenous fistula in 2 (6.3%) patients. One patient (3.1%) showed negative findings. A total of 31 patients underwent successful embolisation and haemostasis achieved. A total of 28 patients were embolised with metallic coils, Polyvinyl Alcohol Particles (PVA) with gelatine sponge, one patient with metallic coils and liquid embolic agent and two patients with metallic coils and gelatine sponges. There was 100% success rate and the patients were followed from first to 18 months for any recurrence of bleeding. Conclusion: Renal angioembolisation is minimally invasive, extremely safe and effective to stop renal bleeding after PCNL.
omparative Analysis of Diagnostic Sensitivity of Magnetic Resonance Susceptibility Sequence with Non Enhanced Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Gradient Sequence in Early Haemorrhagic Transformation of Cerebral Infarction- A Cohort Study
Authors: Karthika Gnanasekaran , Parthasarathy Ealai Athmarao , Anand Rajamani , Einstien A , Ramya Kalaiarasan
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Susceptibility Weighted Imaging (SWI) is a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) sequence aiming to enhance contrast in MR imaging. SWI is considered to be sensitive in detecting even minute amount of haemorrhage, putting in consideration that early detection of haemorrhage inside acute infarction restricts the use of thrombolytic drugs and minimise the development of large haematoma that need to be evacuated surgically thus, improving the prognosis of the patient. Aim: To evaluate and compare the diagnostic sensitivity of MR SWI with Non Enhanced Computed Tomography (NECT) and Magnetic Resonance Gradient Recalled Echo (MR GRE) sequence in detecting the early Haemorrhagic Transformation (HT) of cerebral infarction. Materials and Methods: This was a cohort study conducted from July 2018 to October 2019 on 45 patients referred to the Radiology Department of the institute with imaging findings suggestive of stroke. Apart from the NECT brain conducted on 128 slice machine and routine stroke protocol, MR SWI was also performed. MRI study was performed on 1.5 Tesla MRI scanner with a eight channel Navigator radiofrequency coil. A follow-up CT was done after 48 hours. The images obtained were subjected to radiological analysis and interpretation. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22, descriptive analysis was carried out by calculating mean±standard deviation, frequency and proportion. The collected data was compared with each other, using Chi-square test and Fisher's-exact test, correlated using Spearman Correlation test. Results: Total 45 patients (mean age: 56 years, 31 males and 14 females) were included in the study. The diagnostic sensitivity of MR SWI in detecting early HT was high 97.5% compared to 45.0% of NECT and 82.5% of MR GRE. However, the specificity of MR SWI (33.3%) and that of MR GRE (33.33%) were very low as compared to NECT (66.67%), which had a higher specificity in detection of HT. There was a weak positive correlation between surface area of bleed in GRE and surface area of bleed in SWI (Spearman’s RHO correlation 0.324, p-value 0.030). Conclusion: MR SWI had high diagnostic sensitivity in detecting HT earlier than NECT and MR GRE sequence and hence, it could play a crucial role in the treatment of patients. One of the most dreaded complications of cerebral infarction-intracerebral haemorrhage could be prevented and thus, prognosis of the patient improves. Hence, MR SWI sequence should be added to routine stroke protocol, however it cannot replace NECT, since the specificity of NECT is high compared to MR SWI.
Blood Lactate Levels and PRISM III Scores for Prognosis of Shock during Paediatric Emergencies: A Prospective Observational Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Raksha S Sri , Krishnappa J , Shashidhar KN
Published: February 2022

Introduction: The appropriate management of shock in paediatrics includes early recognition of tissue hypoxia and its timely intervention thus preventing shift to anaerobic metabolism, metabolic acidosis and cell death. Aim: To determine the effectiveness of blood lactate levels as a prognostic indicator of mortality in children with shock admitted to Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) and to To correlate between blood lactate levels and Paediatric Risk of Mortality III (PRISM III) scores. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective observational cross-sectional study conducted between January 2018 to May 2019 in the PICU of a tertiary care centre in rural India. A total of 144 children presenting with shock to PICU were included in the study. The serum lactate values were assessed at 0, 12 and 24 hours of admission. The various parameters of PRISM III scores was documented for each child at 0, 12 and 24 hours of admission and score was calculated. Lactate levels and PRISM III score were analysed using the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve and optimal cut-off points were chosen for the calculation of sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values. An area under the ROC curve above 0.8 indicated fairly good prediction. Results: The most common aetiologies for shock in the present study included severe sepsis (42.3%), acute gastroenteritis (21.5%) and dengue fever (21.5%). Persistent hyperlactatemia was observed in non survivors and serum lactate values persistently greater than 4 mmol/L within the first 24 hours of admission were associated with greater risk of mortality. The area under the ROC curve for the serum lactate levels (0.958) suggested that it was a strong predictor of mortality in study subjects when compared to PRISM III score which had area under the ROC curve 0.866. Conclusion: Serum lactate values are an early useful predictor of mortality in children with shock and it is more feasible indicator when compared to PRISM III scores.