bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrated analysis reveals critical cisplatin-resistance regulators E2F7 contributed to tumor progression and metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Mao Xiaomin , Xu Shumin , Wang Huan , Xiao Peng , Li Shumin , Wu Jiaji , Sun Junhui , Cheng Jin , Shen Mo , Shi Yueli , Tang Bufu , Yang Ying , Chen Weiyu , Xu Zhiyong , Xu Yun
Published: January 2024

Cisplatin resistance remains a significant barrier in treating lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). While the search for predictive biomarkers in LUAD prognosis has seldom focused on cisplatin resistance genes. In this study, we analyzed 181 cisplatin resistance genes from LUAD-related cell lines RNA sequences data using the TCGA and GEO databases, identifying two pivotal genes, E2F7 and FAM83A. Utilizing these genes, we established comprehensive models for diagnosis, prognosis, and recurrence risk in LUAD. Notably, our analysis revealed that the high-risk group, as defined by these models, displayed elevated levels of CD4 + T cells and CD8 + T cells, along with increased expression of PD-L1 and PD-L2, compared to their low-risk counterparts. Our in vitro studies demonstrated that inhibiting E2F7 in lung cancer cells significantly inhibited cell proliferation, decreased cell migration and invasion, while also increasing apoptosis rates. Corresponding in vivo experiments indicated that E2F7 knockdown suppressed tumor growth and lung metastasis in both subcutaneous tumor-bearing and tail-vein metastasis models. These findings underscore the diagnostic and prognostic efficacy of our E2F7 and FAM83A-based models, paving the way for more personalized treatment approaches in LUAD.
Applicability and Optimization of Viscous Dampers on Rc Frame Structure Against Seismic Loading
Authors: M Chandan , P Bhagyashri , K Chethan , Gopalaiah. Achutha Herur
Published: January 2024

In the present, the design and construction of high rise buildings against lateral loading are often equipped with suitable isolation techniques and use of dampers to terminate excess amount of responses in the building. The use of such techniques on the existing buildings is found to be effective in their performance. In this paper buildings of varying height with the different configurations based on the location and number of damper are modelled for the seismic analysis (response spectrum analysis). The results have shown that it is not only the number of dampers but also the position of dampers that contributes in the response reduction.
Emerging Factors Affecting Supply Chain Management of Horticulture Produce: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Kumar Vikas
Published: January 2024

Purpose
The management of supply chains for horticultural produce faces emerging factors that necessitate adaptation. This systematic literature review identifies and synthesizes key findings on the impacts of emerging technological, sustainability, consumer, climate, policy, cost, and competitive factors on the supply chain management of fruits, vegetables, and other horticulture products.
Design/methodology/approach
Searches of academic databases were conducted using defined keywords and selection criteria.
Findings
The findings indicate that blockchain, artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, automation, and other technologies can benefit traceability, quality control, and efficiency but require investment and skill development.
Research Implications
As per the finding, sustainability concerns like emissions, energy use, and waste are prompting supply chain innovation in production, packaging, transport, and distribution. Shifting consumer preferences toward local, organic, sustainable produce require flexibility and responsiveness. Climate change effects on agriculture production and globalization of markets are testing the resilience and agility of supply chains. Labor issues, rising input costs, and intense retail competition are squeezing profit margins across the fresh produce supply chain. Recommendations include investment in emerging technologies, collaboration for sustainability, data-driven supply chain optimization, and adaptable retail strategies.
Originality value
This review provides insights for researchers and supply chain managers seeking to improve the performance and competitiveness of horticultural produce supply chains.
Trip to Guatemala
Authors: Bailey Natalia
Published: January 2024

Our research institutions in the US do an excellent job of both protecting participants and allowing researchers to ask and answer new questions. When a researcher embarks on a journey to examine educational spaces in another country, how does and IRB protect or hinder research attempts? This paper documents the journey of one researcher examining the line between researcher and friend. Questions are posed about protection of participants, power of the IRB, and how data might be collected or shared.
Lieb-Schultz-Mattis anomalies and web of dualities induced by gauging in quantum spin chains
Authors: Aksoy Ömer Mert , Mudry Christopher , Furusaki Akira , Tiwari Apoorv
Published: January 2024

Lieb-Schultz-Mattis (LSM) theorems impose non-perturbative constraints on the zero-temperature phase diagrams of quantum lattice Hamiltonians (always assumed to be local in this paper). LSM theorems have recently been interpreted as the lattice counterparts to mixed ’t Hooft anomalies in quantum field theories that arise from a combination of crystalline and global internal symmetry groups. Accordingly, LSM theorems have been reinterpreted as LSM anomalies. In this work, we provide a systematic diagnostic for LSM anomalies in one spatial dimension. We show that gauging subgroups of the global internal symmetry group of a quantum lattice model obeying an LSM anomaly delivers a dual quantum lattice Hamiltonian such that its internal and crystalline symmetries mix non-trivially through a group extension. This mixing of crystalline and internal symmetries after gauging is a direct consequence of the LSM anomaly, i.e., it can be used as a diagnostic of an LSM anomaly. We exemplify this procedure for a quantum spin-1/2 chain obeying an LSM anomaly resulting from combining a global internal \mathbb{Z}^{\,}_{2}×\mathbb{Z}^{\,}_{2}ℤ2×ℤ2 symmetry with translation or reflection symmetry. We establish a triality of models by gauging a \mathbb{Z}^{\,}_{2}\subset\mathbb{Z}^{\,}_{2}×\mathbb{Z}^{\,}_{2}ℤ2⊂ℤ2×ℤ2 symmetry in two ways, one of which amounts to performing a Kramers-Wannier duality, while the other implements a Jordan-Wigner duality. We discuss the mapping of the phase diagram of the quantum spin-1/2 XYZXYZ chains under such a triality. We show that the deconfined quantum critical transitions between Neel and dimer orders are mapped to either topological or conventional Landau-Ginzburg transitions. Finally, we extend our results to \mathbb{Z}^{\,}_{n}ℤn clock models with \mathbb{Z}^{\,}_{n}×\mathbb{Z}^{\,}_{n}ℤn×ℤn global internal symmetry, and provide a reinterpretation of the dual internal symmetries in terms of \mathbb{Z}^{\,}_{n}ℤn charge and dipole symmetries.
Human dirofilariasis: a rare disease or a problem of our time?
Authors: Bakovetskaya O. V. , Zhiltsova E. E. , Terehina A. A. , Pominchuk Yu. A. , Firsova S. O. , Mironenko L. V.
Published: January 2024

The article presents the current state of the problem of dirofilariasis. Helminth infection caused by nematodes of the genus Dirofilaria is mainly a disease of carnivores from the canine and feline families. Humans are considered occasional hosts in which Dirofilaria spp., more commonly D. repens, rarely reach sexual maturity. The climatic conditions of the territory are one of the determining factors for the spread of vector-borne diseases. Due to the fact that in recent years there has been a tendency to increase average temperatures everywhere, these changes lead to a shift and expansion of the ranges of many organisms, including pathogens and vectors of various diseases. The clinical picture of human dirofilariasis caused by D. repens most often manifests itself in one of two clinical forms -subcutaneous and ocular, although, according to the literature, there are cases of damage to other localizations. Due to the fact that damage to the organs of vision occurs most often in humans, the clinical case presented by us is relevant. The patient, in our clinical case, permanently lived in one of the districts of the Ryazan region. The landscape and natural complex of this region, taking into account the presence of a large number of wetlands, an abundance of water bodies and suitable climatic conditions, creates a favorable environment for the development of insects of the Culicidae family (mosquitoes of the genera Anopheles, Culex, etc.), which are transmissible carriers of various human and animal diseases, including dirofilariasis. The complex cycle of the parasite, the possibility of migration in the body can lead to multiple organ damage. Scientific publications describe cases of finding dirofilaria in the lungs, heart, and genitourinary system. In this regard, the awareness of doctors and patients about this disease is very relevant, and will reduce the likelihood of prolonging the correct diagnosis and treatment.
How to descript a clinical case correctly: For inquiry scientists and demanding doctors
Authors: Tsygankova O. V. , Timoshchenko O. V. , Latyntseva L. D.
Published: January 2024

The article presents step by step international CARE guidelines (CAse REport), which regulate the structure of the description of a clinical case and include a checklist of 13 points. This form of presentation of the material does not create any difficulties in understanding, does not require a long period of time to prepare a publication for the author, demonstrating a unique personalized experience and informing the medical community about interesting clinical manifestations, diagnostic or therapeutic approaches within a particular nosology, as well as describing rare or newly reported side effects of drugs or features of their prescription. Below as an example presented a clinical observation of a young man with diabetes mellitus of complex origin, which was diagnosed after the initial diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus, which was later supplemented with recurrent pancreatitis, pancreatic cyst development and alcohol abuse with underlying severe hypertriglyceridemia (up to 67 mmol/l). Given the limited choice of glucose-lowering therapy, inability to prescribe metformin, glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists, infeasibility to use dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors and gliflozins (history of episodes of balanoposthitis), after a detailed discussion with the patient, a decision was made to prescribe a combination insulin drug – biphasic Lispro (RinLis Mix 25, Geropharm, Russia), which, together with fundamental lifestyle changes, strong alcohol avoidance, and regular medical follow-ups, allowed him to achieve glycemic targets and reduce plasma triglyceride levels, which once again supported the versatility of insulin as hypoglycemic agent, easiness to use and comprehensive glycemic control, if pre-mixed ultra-fast-acting insulin analogue and its protaminized analogue are prescribed. The prescription of insulin premix in this case is also justified in terms of clinical guidelines, as the man led a regular lifestyle, had low physical activity, an HbA1c level greater than 1.5% of the target value, as well as fasting and postprandial hyperglycemia.
Antiplatelet therapy in the prevention of recurrent ischemic stroke
Authors: Pizova N. V.
Published: January 2024

Stroke that includes both ischemic and hemorrhagic events is a major cause of death worldwide. It is currently the most common cause of disability. The risk of recurrence is the highest among cases where a recent stroke or transient ischemic attack was left untreated. In about 30% of these cases, a recurrent stroke leads to the worsening neurological symptoms or even death. Therefore, primary prevention of first stroke and secondary prevention of recurrent stroke are a top priority. Primary prevention of ischemic stroke includes lifestyle modification and diets, treatment of risk factors including hypertension, diabetes mellitus and lipid disorders, antiplatelet therapy for high vascular risk patients, and anticoagulation therapy in atrial fibrillation. Secondary prevention of ischemic stroke includes additional carotid surgery in symptomatic patients. Up to 90% of all strokes are preventable, and attributable to major modifiable risk factors. Optimal stroke prevention requires a harmonious, integrated approach to educating about stroke risk and healthy lifestyle, simple screening and management of patients for a history and presence of modifiable and treatable causal risk factors, and improving social and environmental factors. Intake of antiplatelet agents according to the subtype improves the prognosis of patients after an ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack. Current data on stroke recurrence and mortality are important to examine trends, risk factors, and treatment effects.
The effect of thiazolidinediones on the liver: from hepatotoxicity to therapeutic effect
Authors: Suplotova L. A. , Kaplina L. V. , Dushina T. S. , Makarova O. B.
Published: January 2024

Thiazolidinediones (TDD) are a group of hypoglycemic drugs used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). TDD are synthetic ligands of PPAR-γ-receptors activated by the proliferator peroxisome. When TDD is combined with PPAR-γ-receptors, transcription of genes regulating carbohydrate and lipid metabolism is triggered. TDD has protective properties against pancreatic β-cells, as it reduces glucose and lipotoxicity. These drugs reduce insulin resistance, have a positive effect on fat metabolism. This effect makes it possible to use one of the representatives of the class in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is confirmed by clinical recommendations from different countries. Type 2 diabetes and NAFLD are diseases closely related to each other by common pathogenetic patterns. When combined, patients have a high risk of developing non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver and hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as worsening of the course of diabetes mellitus. For many years, drugs of the thiazolidinedione class remained in the shadows due to the negative experience of using specific representatives – hepatotoxic troglitazone and increasing the risk of cardiovascular complications of rosiglitazone. The representative of the pioglitazone class, which has many proven positive effects on the cardiovascular system, lipid metabolism and the course of NAFLD, remained forgotten. It is necessary to find out whether hepatotoxicity is actually a class-effect of TDD or a particular effect of specific drugs. A literary search for information for the period from 1982 to 2023 was carried out in PubMed electronic databases, Elibrary.ru. This article will consider: the historical development of the TDD class, research in the field of the effects of pioglitazone on the liver.
Microbial eczema – optimization of topical therapy taking into account the etiological factor
Authors: Silina L. V.
Published: January 2024

This study discusses the relevance of etiopathogenetic theories of the occurrence and clinical forms of microbial eczema – a chronic recurrent allergic skin disease formed under the influence of exogenous and endogenous causal factors, characterized by the appearance of polymorphic rash, inflammatory reaction, disorders of various systems and organs that contribute to the occurrence or exacerbation of the disease. Various exogenous factors – infectious agents – resident and transit symbionts – bacteria and fungi, viruses, allergizing food products, medicines. Various immunological disorders are described, a modern classification of eczema with the isolation of clinical forms is indicated, a description of the clinical stage-by-stage course of eczema, differences in rashes in acute and chronic eczema and their clinical forms of evolutionary development in various clinical forms of microbial eczema, and the basic principles of topical and general treatment are discussed. The publication considers variant clinical cases of treatment of patients suffering from chronic microbial eczema, somatically healthy or with a comorbid history requiring systemic administration of drugs according to the profile of the disease. Patients used traditional therapy regimens with the inclusion of combined external agents containing a corticosteroid, an antibiotic and an antimycotic, strictly in accordance with clinical recommendations. Upon completion of treatment, patients noted a significant improvement in the form of almost complete relief of erythema, reduction of itching of the skin, elimination of wetness, disappearance of efflorescence characteristic of eczema and secondary manifestations of infiltration, peeling and lichenization of the affected skin.
The course of subacute thyroiditis from COVID-19 infection
Authors: Strokova M. I. , Morgunova T. B. , Fadeev V. V.
Published: January 2024

The aim of this literature review is the analysis of the new data on subacute thyroiditis that emerged due to studying of potential effect SARS-CoV-2 has on disease’s manifestation and clinical course. The pandemic affected hundreds of millions of people, and thyroiditis as a consequence of viral infection has become more frequently observed in scientific research and case reports. Many academic works indicate that the virus directly impacts both the thyroid gland and the immune system, and some new pathogenic mechanisms were discovered during the course of the pandemic. Despite the fact that subacute thyroiditis is a self-limiting disease, its possible outcome is a permanent primary hypothyroidism with a need of a lifelong thyroid hormone replacement therapy. It also has a tendency to be relapsing. Certain characteristics has been found which show how modern de Quervain thyroiditis is different from the one several years ago. The scale of the pandemic made it evident for scientific community that there is a need for a rapid design of a vaccine as a specific preventive measure. Millions of people received COVID-19 vaccines and reports about subacute thyroiditis following the vaccination started to emerge, the systemic reviews on the issue were written, all this is also highlighted in this review article. Despite the fact that the World Health Organization declared an end to the pandemic in May 2023, the virus itself is likely to still be circulating in the population and it will continue to be one of the etiological factors behind de Quervain thyroiditis, also, coronaviral evolution did not come to an end.
Features of gynecological status and concomitant morbidity in menopausal women with resistant rheumatoid arthritis and obesity
Authors: Panevin T. S. , Matyanova E. V. , Ledina A. V. , Zotkin E. G.
Published: January 2024

Oftentimes, women with RA experience remission during pregnancy. The beneficial effect of pregnancy on the RA course is associated with a specific hormonal status, including high levels of estriol and progesterone that have known anti-inflammatory effects. After childbirth, decreased endogenous production of steroids can trigger the onset or exacerbation of RA.

Objective. Studying of the characteristics of the gynecological status and concomitant extragenital diseases in postmenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) depending on the presence of obesity.

Materials and methods. 394 postmenopausal women with RA (diagnosed according to ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria) were included. By decision of the medical commission, all patients were approved for therapy with genetically engineered biological drugs and/or JAK kinase inhibitors. Before inclusion in the study, all patients had a detailed medical history, an allergic history, registered comorbidities, and a physical and laboratory-instrumental examination. Depending on the BMI values, the study participants were divided into groups. Group A included 103 obese patients of any severity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2). Group B included 291 women with BMI <30 kg/m2. Patients with an inflammatory process were found to have groups of inflammation by age and duration of RA (p > 0.05).

Results. In patients of group A, more often than in patients of group B, comorbidities were detected: hypertension (p < 0.0001), coronary heart disease (p = 0.03), history of “vascular accidents” (p = 0.0009), especially acute cerebrovascular accident (p = 0.004), type 2 diabetes mellitus (p = 0.0005), which manifest themselves over the age of 45, that is, during the perimenopause. When correcting the gynecological history data, he draws attention to the fact that group A patients are more likely to operate surgically and on the pelvic organs: more had the uterus removed (p = 0.002) or ovarian resection was performed (p < 0.0001), and the frequency of surgical menopause in group A was higher than in group B (p = 0.0009). The debut of RA on average chronologically coincided with the onset of menopause (p = 0.01). At the same time, in the average age of the onset of menopause, it is rare (p > 0.05). The number of women who had a history of pregnancy, childbirth, miscarriages and abortions in the groups were repeated (p > 0.05). But in group A, the average number of pregnancies (p = 0.003) and abortions (p = 0.004) per woman was higher than in group B.

Conclusion. The results of the study revealed the identification of clinical manifestations of inflammation and the severity of rheumatoid arthritis, depending on the presence of concomitant obesity in postmenopausal women, as well as a rarer occurrence of osteoporosis in women with RA and concomitant obesity.
Changes in vaginal secretion lipidom as a result of therapy in patients with vulvovaginal atrophy
Authors: Kazakova S. N. , Tokareva A. O. , Novoselova A. V. , Chagovets V. V. , Apolikhina I. A. , Frankevich V. E.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Vulvovaginal atrophy is a chronic progressive disease that includes physiological and anatomical changes as a result of a decrease in the level of sex hormones. VVA affects approximately 50% of middle-aged and older women and has a detrimental effect on interpersonal relationships, sexual health, and overall quality of life. Dynamic quadripolar radiofrequency (DRF) is a non-invasive procedure that may be a potential treatment for vulvar diseases.

Aim. To study the metabolites of vaginal swabs in postmenopausal women treated with DRF.

Materials and methods. The study included 180 women divided into 3 groups: treatment with DRF; treatment with a combination of DRF and estradiol, and estradiol treatment. In all patients, vaginal swabs were taken before the start of treatment and a month after treatment, and clinical parameters were assessed at 6 time points. Lipids were extracted from the cervico-vaginal fluid by the Folch method followed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis. A comparative analysis of the clinical data of each of the groups and lipid profiles after treatment with a zero time point and their changes and a correlation analysis of changes in lipid levels and changes in clinical parameters before treatment and after 1 month was carried out.

Results. There was a statistically significant reduction in the severity of VVA symptoms one month after treatment in all groups. The most pronounced effect of the therapy was observed in groups with the use of DRF with the preservation of the effect up to 12 months. In the first and second groups, a statistically significant difference was found in the levels of 2 lipids, in the third – in 4. In the first group, a correlation was found with lipids related with pain and lubrication, in the second – with vaginal pH, in the third – with the index of vaginal health, orgasm, satisfaction and pain.

Conclusions. VVA therapy by DRF and local hormonal treatment triggers an inflammatory cascade in tissues. The use of the strategy of treatment with physical methods of influence has a mechanism of influence similar to the local application of estrogen in VVA. DRF therapy leads to the normalization of the vaginal microbiota and can compete with the use of estrogen in this therapeutic effect.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease: Clinical variants and therapeutic tactics
Authors: Minushkin O. N. , Maslovskii L. N.
Published: January 2024

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is currently one of the most common nosologies, which affects people of different ages, but mostly able-bodied ones, patients of 40–60 years of age. Without effective or appropriate treatment, people with this disease can expect many complications, including severe ones: bleeding, distal oesophageal stenosis, electrolyte abnormalities associated with cardiac and conduction disorders, and the development of severe anaemia. These factors significantly complicate medical treatment and increase economic costs in the ensuing time. The disease is classified as an acid-dependent disease, although the acid-induced damage is not indicated in the definition and consideration of pathogenesis, as the primary diagnosis of diseases begins with an assessment of the clinical variant of the disease course, which also forms an adequate examination program. We proposed for discussion a new classification of GERD course variants, which will help facilitate diagnosis, find adequate pharmacological targets and increase the effectiveness of treatment. Acid-dependent and acid-independent variants are the main GERD course variants according to the proposed classification. Given this, we examined a group of 60 patients treated with the combination of guaiazulene with dimethicone, which impacts the protection of esophageal mucosa from aggressive reflux, reduces the number of refluxes (duodenoesophageal) and has a local anti-inflammatory effect. The overall effectiveness was 87%, and it halved the treatment time, which confirmed the very concept of the clinical classification of GERD course variants. We hope that the proposed classification of GERD course variants will be favourably accepted by the gastroenterology community, discussed and will serve as an effective tool for the treatment of this severe group of patients.
Complex therapy of the evaporative form of dry eye syndrome in patients after keratorefractive surgery
Authors: Korneeva A. V. , Akhmedova L. I. , Kotova L. K. , Bagirov A. M.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is considered as the leading cause of the evaporative dry eye syndrome (DES). At the same time the standard methods of DES treatment often allow to achieve only a short-term effect and the search of alternative methods to achieve remission for a longer period is required.

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of a combined treatment of DES with MGD using transdermal Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) method combined with preservative-free sodium hyaluronate 0.18% eyedrops.

Materials and methods. The study involved 60 patients (120 eyes) after refractive surgery (femtoLASIK) with DES and MGD aged 20 to 40 years with a follow-up period of 3 months. The patients were divided into two groups: main (30 patients) and control (30 patients). Patients of both groups were administered a preservative-free form of 0.18% sodium hyaluronate four times a day for 3 months. All studied patients underwent standard examination methods, indicators of DES were assessed along with an objective valuation of tear film parameters and the meibomian glands condition by mean of digital biomicroscopy using a MediWorks slit lamp before surgery and 7 days, 1, 2 and 3 months after refractive surgery.

Results and discussion. A comparative analysis of therapy effectiveness in the main and control groups showed that OSDI scores (ocular surface disease index), non-invasive tear breakup time (NITBUT) and meibomian gland function improved after treatment in both groups, but in the main group (IPL) positive dynamics of indicators were more pronounced with a cumulative increase of effectiveness after subsequent sessions.

Conclusion. A course of IPL therapy in combination with a course of sodium hyaluronate 0.18% for dry eye syndrome due to MGD reduces the time, allows for longer-term results of therapy and promotes earlier elimination of discomfort.
The effectiveness of the introduction of dietary therapeutic foods in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori in patients with chronic gastritis
Authors: Minushkin O. N. , Nikityuk D. B. , Pilat T. L. , Zverkov I. V. , Maslovskii L. V. , Evsikov А. E. , Kuznetsova Yu. G. , Inevatova V. S. , Klochkova S. V.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. In recent years, a high resistance of H. pylori infection to antibiotics has been recorded both worldwide and in the Russian Federation. This was the basis for introducing diets that increase the sensitivity of H. pylori to antibiotics into eradication schemes.

Aim. To evaluate the effect of specialized therapeutic nutrition products LEOVIT GASTRO on the eradication of H. pylori.

Materials and methods. Two study groups were formed: the main group – 22 patients and the control group – 20 patients. The groups were randomized from 42 patients suffering from chronic gastritis associated with H. pylori, by random sampling. To assess the tolerability of treatment, in particular, biochemical blood tests were studied.

Results. Therapeutic nutrition provides a significant eradication effect against the background of antibiotic therapy. In 92% of patients, a complete absence of H. pylori contamination was detected, and in 8% of patients the degree of contamination was very weak, although initially it was pronounced, while in the control group, a complete absence of H. pylori contamination was detected in 80% of patients. Analysis of the use of specialized food products indicates the possibility of their use in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract associated with H. pylori, as they promote epithelization, healing of the mucosa, reduction and elimination of inflammation, pain, and discomfort in the gastrointestinal tract.

Conclusion. Therapeutic dietary nutrition LEOVIT GASTRO is one of the important factors positively influencing the success rate of eradication treatment.
Protótipos Autogerados para Tarefas de Classificação com Seleção Dinâmica de Classificadores
Authors: Manastarla Alberto , Silva Leandro
Published: January 2024

Este artigo apresenta um novo framework para métodos baseados em Seleção Dinâmica de Classificadores DS (Dynamic Selection), que combina técnicas de seleção de prototipos e a utilização de metainformações para a tomada de decisão de um classificador dinâmico versátil, capaz de operar com diferentes algoritmos baseados em instancias ou modelos, visando melhorar a precisão e eficiência na seleção dos classificadores mais competentes para determinar a classe de uma instância em análise na fase de generalização em problemas de classificação em diversos domínios de aplicação. O framework utiliza prototipos representativos para formar o conjunto de seleção dinâmico, permitindo que o algoritmo KNN defina regiões de competência com menor demanda computacional. Os resultados experimentais, baseados em 24 conjuntos de dados bem conhecidos da literatura, indicaram que o framework proposto, em particular, a variação SGP-DES-K baseada no algoritmo KNN, obteve um desempenho superior em comparação com outras técnicas de seleção dinâmicas e estáticas conhecidas na literatura, evidenciando a eficácia do framework proposto para lidar com diferentes desafios em problemas de classificação em diversos domínios de aplicação.
Application of Generative Adversarial Networks for Synthetic COVID-19 Ultrasound Data Generation
Authors: Silva Pedro , Sá Antônio , Félix Leonardo , Pereira Wagner , Seixas José Manoel
Published: January 2024

Lung ultrasound emerges as a powerful tool for the diagnosis of COVID-19, being a very cost-effective option to other modalities of exams, such as computerized tomography and Xray imaging. There are efforts in trying to employ deep learning to develop systems that can make an automatic diagnosis based on ultrasound exams to assist the medical decision, but they are limited by the amount of data available. The present work tackles this problem by proposing a method using generative adversarial models to create synthetic data and increase the volume of data to train more complex models. To evaluate whether the synthetic data presents a variety close to that of the original data without replicating training samples, it was devised applications of the Kullback-Leiber divergence and L1 norm. Results indicate that the generated data sampled the main features of the ultrasound data, presenting a variety close to the original data. This points to the possibility of using the proposed method as a means to overcome the problem of low data volume for lung ultrasound. which is shown using expert knowledge.
Classificadores bayesianos gaussianos aplicados em sinais de PPG para identificação de cardiomiopatias
Authors: Leitão Patrícia Tavares , Sousa Igor Rocha , Moraes Jermana Lopes , Alexandria Auzuir Ripardo
Published: January 2024

Neste trabalho, é realizada a classificação das cardiomiopatias idiopáticas, chagásica e isquêmica utilizando os classificadores bayesianos gaussianos LDA (Linear Discriminant Analysis), QDA (Quadratic Discriminant Analysis) e Naive Bayes. são aplicadas técnicas de aprimoramento no banco de dados a fim de torná-lo mais adequado para os classificadores utilizados, como a transformação de Box-Cox. É realizado um aumento artificial de dados nas classes com pouquíssimas amostras a fim de melhorar a qualidade dos classificadores. O classificador LDA obteve o melhor resultado, com 96,5%, 100% e 92,5% na classificação entre pessoas saudáveis e as cardiomiopatias idiopáticas, chagásica e isquêmica, respectivamente. É realizada uma comparação destes resultados com os encontrados na literatura, em que o classificador LDA, de baixa complexidade, obteve resultados similares aos alcançados por classificadores não-lineares como MLP, SOM, K-means e KNN.
Filtragem online de múons baseada em calorimetria de altas energias e com fina segmentação usando Redes Neurais Artificiais
Authors: Lisboa Pedro Henrique , Andrade Filho Luciano , Moura Junior Natanael , Seixas José Manoel
Published: January 2024

A Física de Partículas Elementares estuda as interações fundamentais da natureza, analisando as partículas que compõem o universo. O CERN abriga o LHC, o maior acelerador de partículas do mundo, onde colisões de feixes de partículas são usadas para investigar o comportamento das partículas previstas pelo Modelo Padrão. O experimento ATLAS e o maior do LHC e possui subdetectores que analisam as colisões. Com a elevada taxa de colisões no LHC, torna-se imprescindível um sistema de filtragem online eficiente para identificar os eventos de interesse. Este trabalho tem como objetivo explorar o uso de informações de calorimetria para auxiliar na detecção de muons, partículas de interesse nos estudos conduzidos pelo Experimento ATLAS. Com as futuras atualizações planejadas para o LHC, visando o aumento da taxa de colisões, será necessário aprimorar o sistema de filtragem para assegurar sua maior eficiencia diante dessas novas condições. O estudo analisou o desempenho de Redes Neurais Artificiais como algoritmo de filtragem de muons na próxima fase de operação do detector, levando em conta as futuras atualizações programadas para o LHC. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram a promissora capacidade das Redes Neurais Artificiais para a detecção eficiente de muons, estabelecendo uma base sólida para futuras melhorias no sistema de filtragem de muons do Experimento ATLAS
Analysis of the temporal variations in glaciers’ surface area in Alaknanda River Basin, Uttarakhand
Authors: Nunchhani V. , Hazarika Sujit , Murtem Rimum , Bandyopadhyay Arnab , Bhadra Aditi
Published: January 2024

This study presented detailed analysis of glacier surface extent in the Alaknanda river basin, Western Himalaya, using Landsat series data, land surface temperature and digital elevation model (DEM). The clean glaciers were delineated using automatic glacier extraction index (AGEI) and the debris-covered glaciers were extracted by utilizing slope and land surface temperature. The generated glaciers map was compared and cross-checked with Randolph Glacier Inventory (RGI v5.0) and sharp google earth image. The reduction in glacier surface area was observed by 367.364 sq. km from 1994 (1150.471 sq. km) to 2015 (783.107 sq. km) at the shrinkage rate of 1.45% per annum. The shrinkage rate was higher from 2006 to 2015 (2.43% per annum) than from 1994 to 2006 (0.78% per annum). The glacier count expanded from 314 (1994) to 360 (2015) due to the fragmentation of individual glaciers. The elevation range of 5000–5500 m above m.s.l. hosted maximum number of glaciers and glacial coverage. The debris-covered glaciers showed deglaciation at the rate of 0.59% per annum from 1994 to 2015. The total area occupied by glacier extent was about 25% of the total basin in the year 1994, 23% in the year 2006 and 17% in the year 2015.
Pilot clinical trial of DNA vaccination against neuroblastoma: study design and preliminary results
Authors: Proleskovskaya I. V. , Meleshko A. N. , Vashkevich E. P. , Konoplya N. E.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. We report preliminary results of a pilot clinical trial of therapeutic DNA vaccination of patients with neuroblastoma (NCT04049864).

The aim of the study – is to test the safety and immunogenicity of DNA vaccination against neuroblastoma.

Materials and methods. The results of 6 patients who completed vaccination are summarized in the article. Inclusion and exclusion criteria for patients are defined. The clinical protocol included vaccine form and doses, timed vaccination regimen, and concomitant therapy. Minimal residual disease was analyzed for all patients by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, measurement of T-cell immune response by ELISpot and antisense response by ELISA.

Results. The vaccine was well tolerated by patients with minimal adverse symptoms. T-cell immune response was evaluated two weeks after each course of vaccination and was positive in 5 of 6 patients. An antisense immune response was detected in 1 patient. 5 out of 6 patients are alive and in clinical remission as of 11/01/2022. Event-free survival of vaccinated patients was 82 ± 18 % vs 29 ± 11 % of controls (p = 0.03).
Molecular biology techniques for assessing the loss of HLA heterozygosity after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children with acute leukemia
Authors: Barkhatov I. M. , Tsvetkova L. A. , Evdokimov A. V. , Ivanova N. E. , Epifanovskaya O. S. , Semenko Yu. G. , Smirnov B. I. , Kulagin A. D. , Zubarovskaya L. S.
Published: January 2024

According to several observations, up to a third of post-transplant relapses in childhood acute leukemia are associated with the loss of heterozygosity of the major histocompatibility complex (HLA). Furthermore, the inefficacy of the graft-versus-leukemia reaction, as evidenced by the lack of therapeutic effect from the infusion of donor lymphocytes, indicates the need for timely detection of this marker to change the treatment strategy in the post-transplant period. To detect the loss of HLA heterozygosity, the method using the commercial KMR-HLA system and analysis using next-generation sequencing (NGS), as well as the method based on the analysis of highly polymorphic STR and VNTR markers located in the HLA loci region on the short arm of chromosome 6, are widely used. The primary objective of our study was to compare the informativeness of these approaches in diagnosing HLA heterozygosity loss in children during the post-transplant period. The obtained data on the frequency of detecting HLA heterozygosity loss were comparable to the literature data and constituted 23 % of cases of post-transplant relapse of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 33 % of cases of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and 23% of cases of acute myeloid leukemia. We also demonstrated that the method based on STR marker analysis has sensitivity comparable to allele-specific PCR and NGS sequencing methods. Meanwhile, preliminary sorting of the blast population increases the sensitivity of STR analysis and can be recommended in routine practice.
The relevance of genetic testing in young patients with breast fibroadenomas
Authors: Mikhailova S. N. , Semenova V. V. , Nasedkina T. V. , Valiev T. T. , Khestanov D. B. , Varfolomeeva S. R.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Fibroadenomas are the most common benign tumors of the mammary glands in children and adolescents. In some cases, they may be part of hereditary tumor predisposition syndromes associated with a high risk of developing malignant neoplasms throughout life, and therefore genetic testing is relevant.

The purpose of the study is to discribe the spectrum of genetic mutations in cancer-associated genes according to the results of next generation sequencing (NGS) in young patients with breast fibroadenomas.

Matherials and methods. Sixteen teenage girls with fibroadenomas of the breast who were followed up in Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology from 2020 to 2023 were enrolled in this study. Genetic testing by NGS was performed.

Results. Pathogenic variants in cancer-associated genes were found in 4 (25 %) patients. In two cases, fibroadenomas were a part of Cowden’s syndrome associated with PTEN inactivation; two patients carried pathogenic variants in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes.

Conclusion. Genetic testing of young patients with breast fibroadenomas is important to optimize the management strategy in order to reduce cancer risk in high-risk groups of patients.
Las abejas sociales: organización y comunicación
Authors: Domínguez Liévano Alexis , Damon Anne Ashby
Published: January 2024

Se estima que existen aproximadamente 35,000 especies de abejas en todo el mundo, incluidas muchas que no encajan en nuestro concepto de abeja. Entre toda esta diversidad, las abejas sociales representan solo el 9.4 % de las especies. Dentro de las principales características de estas abejas es que viven juntas, colaboran y son muy comunicativas entre los miembros de la colmena, compartiendo sus hallazgos y actividades laborales diarias. En este sentido, con las investigaciones que se han llevado a cabo sobre la comunicación en abejas sociales, sabemos que mantienen un sistema organizado, o más bien dividido en jerarquías, para compartir información de manera precisa, y llevar a cabo acontecimientos importantes como el apareamiento, cuidado de las crías, recolección de alimentos/materiales y la respuesta colectiva a cualquier peligro. El estudio de estas fascinantes “formas de comunicación” en las abejas, nos permite conocer a detalle las entrañas de la vida de las abejas sociales y aprender aún más de las maravillas de la naturaleza.
¿Ingenieros forestales que no conocen el bosque?
Authors: Marc J. Marc J.
Published: January 2024

Los cursos de campo en el bosque han sido pieza esencial en la formación de los ingenieros forestales de la Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina de Lima (Perú) desde su fundación en 1963. Se revisó brevemente la historia de esos cursos y de los bosques en que se desarrollaron, que, si bien implican esfuerzos y costos mayores, son indispensables para asegurar la calidad de los nuevos profesionales.
Paul Pierret y las áreas naturales protegidas del Perú
Authors: Dourojeanni Marc J. , Pilco Juan Carlos
Published: January 2024

Paul Victor Pierret (1929 - 2022) fue un belga nacido en Kinshasa, Congo Belga, que siendo funcionario de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación (FAO) llegó al Perú en 1964 donde permaneció hasta 1969, lapso en el que contribuyó de manera pionera y crucial al establecimiento y manejo del sistema nacional de las áreas naturales protegidas, especialmente las reservas nacionales Pampa Galeras y Pacaya Samiria y el parque nacional del Manu, así como a la enseñanza, investigación y manejo de la fauna silvestre, especialmente la vicuña y la fauna amazónica de importancia para la alimentación humana. Además, organizó el primer programa de entrenamiento de guardaparques peruanos, entre varias otras iniciativas sin precedentes para la conservación de la diversidad biológica. Pierret regresó al Perú en 1984, donde se instaló definitivamente, haciendo aportes para la creación del parque nacional Alto Purús.
Ciencias Forestales para la vida
Authors: Arce Rodrigo
Published: January 2024

El presente artículo trata de la formulación de una propuesta de las Ciencias Forestales para la vida. El propósito es enriquecer el marco teórico y operacional de las Ciencias Forestales a partir de los enfoques de la complejidad, y así ampliar su campo de actuación e impacto en la sociedad. Para el efecto se realizó una revisión bibliográfica especializada y se complementó con el propio proceso reflexivo del autor que viene desarrollando sistemáticamente una línea de investigación en clave de filosofía forestal. De la revisión y reflexión se concluye que las Ciencias Forestales se corresponden con la ciencia normal, por la cual tiene un marco positivista, objetivista, lineal y universalista. Esta forma de hacer ciencia ha sido fundamental, y lo seguirá siendo, pero presenta limitaciones frente a la realidad compleja que presenta problemas de frontera, cuyas soluciones son evasivas y ponen en manifiesto la crisis civilizatoria actual. La perspectiva interdisciplinaria enriquece el marco teórico y operacional de las Ciencias Forestales, en tanto permite incorporar los grandes avances de las ciencias que se agrupan en torno a la vida, a la tierra, al conocimiento, entre otros, superando viejas divisiones que generaron la ilusión del conocimiento, pero evadían la realidad compleja. Las corrientes de pensamiento actual reconocen la importancia de tomar en consideración el respeto de la vida en todas sus manifestaciones. Esto implica una profunda transformación de cómo los forestales se han venido relacionando con los bosques bajo una concepción reductiva y economicista de los “recursos forestales”. Una apertura de las Ciencias Forestales para la vida es en buena cuenta, incorporar una perspectiva de pensamiento complejo y de Ciencias de la Complejidad para dar respuesta a la crisis civilizatoria, ante lo cual los forestales no puede aparecer indiferentes, sino todo lo contrario, deben de contribuir desde una perspectiva transformadora y regenerativa.
Autophagy Inhibition and Sensitization to Cisplatin in Esophageal
Cancer Stem-Like Cells via All-trans Retinoic Acid-induced miR-30a
Authors: Abbasi Asadollah , Hosseinpourfeizi Mohammadali , Safaralizadeh Reza
Published: January 2024

Aim:

Providing insights into the chemoresistance of esophageal squamous
cell carcinoma (ESCC) and its dependence on chemotherapy-induced autophagy.

Background:

Autophagy is induced during chemotherapy of cancer cells, promoting resistance
to anti-cancer treatments.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to investigate the modulation of microRNA-30a
(miR-30a), a known regulator of autophagy, in ESCC cells by all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA).

Methods:

Treatment involved ESCC cells KYSE-30 and TE8 with cis-dichloro-diamine
platinum (CDDP), enriching CDDP-surviving cells (CDDP-SCs). qRT-PCR and dual luciferase
reporter assay (DLRA) were employed to evaluate miR-30a expression and its
interaction with Beclin-1 (BECN1) in both CDDP-SCs and those treated with ATRA.

Results:

Chemotherapy using CDDP led to a significant decrease in miR-30a expression
within ESCC cells. Increased autophagy levels were identified in cancer cells exhibiting
stem cell-like properties, characterized by the overexpression of specific stem cell markers.
These results suggest that the downregulation of miR-30a induced by CDDP treatment
may represent a potential underlying mechanism for increased autophagic activity,
as evidenced by the upregulation of autophagy-related proteins, such as BECN1 and an
elevated LC3-II/LC3-I ratio. ATRA treatment elevated miR-30a expression and disrupted
hallmark cancer stem cell (CSC) features in ESCC cells. Further investigations demonstrated
that increased miR-30a expression led to a reduction in the expression of its
target gene, BECN1, and attenuated BECN1-mediated autophagy. This resulted in an
augmentation of CDDP-induced apoptosis in ESCC cells and a G2/M cell cycle arrest.

Conclusion:

CDDP chemotherapy reduced miR-30a, promoting ESCC cell resistance
through autophagy and CSC-like features, a process that may be modulated by ATRA.