bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kinetic Model Evaluation of Arsenic and Selenium Sources and Mobility in Waste Rock of the Powder River Basin, USA
Authors: Langman Jeff
Published: February 2024

Groundwater quality can be impacted through the backfilling of coal pits with waste rock containing new mineral surfaces and transportable particles. Reaction fronts may propagate with the saturation of these backfill aquifers as the previously bound minerals and newly created nanomaterials provide additional release of potential contaminants. This study was implemented to identify newly available arsenic and selenium sources and effectively model their release with the weathering of waste rock from the Cordero Rojo Mine in the Powder River Basin, Wyoming. Basic forward models were constructed to replicate the typical modeling scenario for the identified mineral sources of arsenic and selenium in the Powder River Basin overburden—pyrite and gypsum, respectively. The basic forward models were unable to capture the arsenic and selenium trends recorded for leachate from a kinetic column loaded with waste rock from the Cordero Rojo Mine. Enhanced models were constructed to capture nanomaterial contributions to supplement the initially identified processes of the oxidation of arsenic-bearing pyrite and dissolution of selenium-bearing gypsum. Incorporation of the nanomaterial contributions produced modeled arsenic and selenium trends similar to the observed trends in the column leachate. The identification and modeling of newly available contaminant sources in backfill waste rock is necessary to predict the exceedance of water quality criteria for overburden formations that have not previously shown the potential for water quality contamination.
Gastrointestinal Involvement Refines Prognosis in Minnesota Standard Risk Acute Graft-vs-Host Disease
Authors: Alousi Amin , Marcoux Curtis , Im Jin , Hill Laquisa , Smallbone Portia , Popat Uday , HOSING CHITRA , Kebriaei Partow , Olson Amanda , Chen Geroge , Qazilbash Muzaffar , Shpall Elizabeth , Champlin Richard , Saliba Rima , Mehta Rohtesh
Published: February 2024

Minnesota acute graft versus host disease (AGVHD) risk score is a validated tool to stratify newly-diagnosed patients into standard-risk (SR) and high-risk (HR) groups with ~85% having SR AGVHD. We aimed to identify factors for further risk-stratification within Minnesota SR patients. A single-center, retrospective analysis of consecutive patients between 1/2010 and 12/2014 was performed. Patients who developed AGVHD within 100 days and treated with systemic corticosteroids were included (N=416), 356 (86%) of which were Minnesota SR and 60 (14%) had HR AGVHD. Isolated upper gastrointestinal (GI) AGVHD patients had significantly better day 28 and 56 CR/PR rates (90% vs. 72%, p=0.004) and (83% vs 66%, p=0.01), respectively, and lower 1-year non-relapse mortality (NRM; 10% vs. 22%; HR 0.4, p=0.03). Lower GI AGVHD had less favorable outcomes with 1-year NRM of 40% (HR 2.1, p=0.001), although CR/PR rates were not statistically different. In multivariate analysis, lower GI involvement (HR 2.6, p<0.001), age ≥ 50 (HR 2.9, p<0.001) and HCT-CI>3 (HR 2.1, p=0.002) predicted for 1-year NRM. Heterogeneity within Minnesota SR patients requires consideration in clinical trials, as distinct outcomes are observed in those with isolated upper GI and lower GI AGVHD, highlighting the importance of stratification in clinical trial design.
Repurposing mebendazole against triple-negative breast cancer leptomeningeal disease
Authors: Rodrigues Adrian , Chernikova Sophia B. , Wang Yuelong , Trinh Thy T. H. , Solow-Cordero David E. , Alexandrova Ludmila , Casey Kerriann M. , Alli Elizabeth , Aggarwal Abhishek , Quill Tyler , Koegel Ashley , Feldman Brian J. , Ford James M. , Hayden-Gephart Melanie
Published: February 2024

Purpose
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype that often metastasizes to the brain. Leptomeningeal disease (LMD), a devastating brain metastasis common in TNBC, has limited treatment options. We sought to test whether the common anti-helminthic drug mebendazole (MBZ) may be effective against murine TNBC LMD.
Methods
A small-molecule screen involving TNBC cell lines identified benzimidazoles as potential therapeutic agents for further study. In vitro migration assays were used to evaluate cell migration capacity and the effect of MBZ. For in vivo testing, LMD was introduced into BALB/c athymic nude mice through internal carotid artery injections of brain-tropic MDA-MB-231-BR or MCF7-BR cells. Tumor growth and spread was monitored by bioluminescence imaging. MBZ was given orally at 50 and 100 mg/kg doses. MBZ bioavailability was assayed by mass spectrometry.
Results
Bioinformatic analysis and migration assays revealed higher migratory capacity of TNBC compared to other breast cancer subtypes. MBZ effectively slowed down migration of TNBC cell line MDA-MB-231 and its brain tropic derivative MDA-MB-231-BR. In animal studies, MBZ reduced tumor growth and extended survival in the LMD model produced by MDA-MB-231-BR cells. MBZ did not have an effect in the non-migratory MCF7-BR model.
Conclusions
We demonstrated that MBZ is a safe and effective oral agent in an animal model of TNBC LMD. Our findings are concordant with previous efforts involving MBZ and central nervous system pathology and further support the drug’s potential utility as an alternative therapeutic for TNBC LMD.
First molecular information and additional taxonomic detail of Parahadronchus siroii and Parahadronchus divendentus (Mononchida: Hadronchinae) from India
Authors: Singh Samandram Sushilkumar , Singh Phougeishangbam Rolish , Singh Sorokhaibam Mexico , Meitei Naorem Mohilal
Published: February 2024

A nematode survey conducted to study mononchid diversity in Mizoram state of India revealed the presence of Parahadronchus siroii and P. divendentus. These two mononchid species were both morphologically and molecularly characterized based on light microscopy studies and rRNA (18S and 28S) gene sequences. New taxonomic information is also provided for P. siroii including the measurements around neck region, cuticle thickness, labial papillae, and structures of vulva and vagina. Additionally, a comparative account of all known Parahadronchus spp. is also herein presented. The current study generated molecular data for Parahadronchus species of the subfamily Hadrochinae for the first time, and subsequent phylogenetic analysis based on both the sequences revealed close relationships of Parahadronchus with Iotonchus.
Internal Dosimetry for Individuals Following Inhalation of Radionuclides
Authors: Taha Taha M , Morsi Tarek M
Published: February 2024

Background: Owing to the increasing use of radioisotopes whether in nuclear medicine or research. The current research paper uses a whole-body counter to assess internal contamination for individuals working in nuclear medicine and research laboratories.
High purity germanium detector Whole Body Counter with a relative efficiency of 25%; aluminum endcap with 1.5 mm was calibrated using a mixed gamma source. It consists of three parts; high purity germanium detector gamma ray spectrometer, shielding room, and Phantom. Gamma internal monitoring was performed on eight volunteers inhaled with 131I and two individuals contaminated with 99mTc in organ geometry.
Results: The committed effective dose for individuals was lower than dose constrain and within the dose limit according to ICRP recommendations.
Conclusions: The study indicates that the HpGe whole body counter has the capability to detect organ contamination such as 131I in thyroid gland, 99mTc in whole body geometry.
Some new quantum MDS codes with large minimum distance
Authors: Li Lanqiang , Tian Fuyin , Cao Ziwen , Liu Li
Published: February 2024

The construction of quantum Maximum Distance Separable (MDS) error-correcting codes is of great significance in practical applications, as it plays a vital role in enhancing the reliability and efficiency of quantum communication and quantum computing. As a result, it remains an active research topic in the field of quantum information science. In this paper, based on generalized Reed-Solomon (GRS) codes and Hermitian construction, we construct two new classes of quantum MDS codes. Our constructed quantum MDS codes are novel in the sense that their parameters differ from all previously known codes. Furthermore, most of our codes exhibit significantly larger minimum distance compared to the existing ones of the same length.
Study on Pile-End Resistance of Static Pile with Different Cone Apex Angle in Clay
Authors: Zhang Chunhui , Huang Xin , Shen Zhichao , Wang Le , Tian Yinghui , Chen Guangsi , Huang Ting , Li Hongjiang
Published: February 2024

Static pile ended with cone apex angle is widely used in practical engineering. However, the corresponding penetration resistance is still impossible to be predicted accurately. To address this, the penetration process of static pile is simulated by using the coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian (CEL) method in this study. During the penetration process of static pile in clay, the effect of cone apex angle and soil rigidity index on pile-end resistance and the distribution of the plastic zone of the soil around the pile-end are analyzed. The corresponding results indicate that the pile-end resistance is positively correlated with the size of cone apex angle and soil rigidity index, and the pile-end resistance rises with the increase of penetration depth until reaching a certain depth. Besides, the expansion process of the plastic zone near the pile-end is characterized by the expansion of spherical cavity. Since the position of expansion cavity center is different from the traditional theory, the corresponding radius in the traditional theory of cavity expansion is modified according to the corresponding numerical results. Finally, a semi-empirical method, in which the effect of cone apex angle and the soil rigidity index are considered, is proposed to predict the ultimate pile-end resistance of static pile.
Novel 3-cyclopentylidene-5-(methylsulfonyl)indolin-2-one derivatives as Anti-tubercular Agents: Design, Synthesis, Docking, Molecular Dynamic Simulation, and Biological Evaluation
Authors: Velavalapalli Vani Madhuri , Kumar G Shiva , Katari Naresh Kumar , Gundla Rambabu
Published: February 2024

Nearly 3 million people die from tuberculosis (TB), which affects the lungs and other regions of the body. It is the most common bacterial infectious agent. We report the molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulations, synthesis, characterization, and biological activity of indolin-2-one derivatives as a novel anti-mycobacterial series identified from MABA (Microplate Alamar Blue Assay )method. The docking method was employed to investigate the intermolecular interactions between each compound and the enzyme Decaprenyl phosphoryl-D-ribose 2′-epimerase(DprE1). The results revealed significant binding interaction energies between these compounds and the enzyme. The stability of the interaction was evaluated using a standard 20 ns dynamic simulation study. For the protein-ligand complex's stability under the dynamic settings, parameters generated from MD simulation trajectories were computed and validated. The three compounds showed significant anti-mycobacterial activity, with MICs of 3.12 μg/ml against M. tuberculosis. All the compounds have favourable in vitroabsorption-distribution-metabolism-excretion (ADME). Evaluation of all the new compounds for in vitroanti-mycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (ATCC27294) resulted in 9b, 9c, and 15a (MIC: 3.125μg/mL) as promising lead analogues.
Dombi power aggregation operators with linguistic intuitionistic fuzzy set and their application in healthcare waste management
Authors: Ameer Muhammad , Yousaf Awais
Published: February 2024

Healthcare waste management is an important component of healthcare systems around the world, with significant consequences for public health and environmental sustainability. Traditional waste disposal procedures frequently fail to meet the complex and unpredictable nature of healthcare waste, which may contain potentially toxic compounds. This article proposes the notion of Linguistic Intuitionistic Fuzzy Dombi Power Weighted Averaging to improve decision-making in healthcare waste management (LIFDPWA). LIFDPWA is a unique aggregation operator that successfully combines linguistic intuitionistic fuzzy information while allowing varied degrees of uncertainty in decision-makers' inputs. This paper digs into the theoretical underpinnings of Linguistic Intuitionistic Fuzzy sets and the LIFDPWA operator, elucidates a thorough multi-criteria decision-making approach, and applies it to the complex domain of healthcare waste disposal. By combining insights from a diverse range of decision-making processes and healthcare management practices, this study provides a solid foundation for addressing the complex difficulties related with healthcare waste management. The suggested strategy offers healthcare practitioners and policymakers with a helpful tool for optimizing healthcare waste management while protecting both communities and the environment.
The added value of using convective-permitting regional climate model simulations to represent cloud band events over South America
Authors: Zilli Marcia T , Lemes Murilo Ruv , Hart Neil C. G. , Halladay Kate , Kahana Ron , Fisch Gilberto , Prein Andreas , Ikeda Kyoko , Liu Changhai
Published: February 2024

Climate science has long explored whether higher resolution regional climate models (RCMs) provide improved simulation of regional climates over global climate models (GCMs). The advent of convective-permitting RCMs (CPRCMs), where sufficiently fine-scale grids allow explicitly resolving rather than parametrising convection, has created a clear distinction between RCM and GCM formulations. This study investigates the simulation of tropical-extratropical (TE) cloud bands in a suite of pan-South America convective-permitting Met Office Unified Model (UM) and Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) climate simulations. All simulations produce annual cycles in TE cloud band frequency within 10-30% of observed climatology. However, too few cloud band days are simulated during the early summer (Nov-Dec) and too many during the core summer (Jan-Feb). Compared with their parent forcing, CPRCMs simulate more dry days but systematically higher daily rainfall rates, keeping the total rain biases low. During cloud band systems, changes in tropical rain rates simulated by the CPRCMs compare better with station-based gridded rainfall than satellite-derived data sets. Circulation analysis suggests that simulated lower subtropical rain rates during cloud bands systems, in contrast to the higher rates in the tropics, are associated with weaker northwesterly moisture flux from the Amazon towards southeast South America, more evident in the CPRCMs. Taken together, the results suggest that CPRCMs tend to be more effective at producing heavy daily rainfall rates than parametrised simulations for a given level of near-surface moist energy. The extent to which this improves or degrades biases present in the parent simulations is strongly region-dependent.
Assessment of health outcomes and social determinants of health in United States nursing homes
Authors: Pabon-Rodriguez Felix M.
Published: February 2024

Addressing health disparities has become an important concern in public health, underlying the need to comprehensively investigate and understand the social determinants of health to foster equitable healthcare outcomes. This descriptive analysis examines the temporal and spatial patterns of social determinants of health in United States nursing homes from 2020 to 2023. Leveraging quarterly data obtained from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, the study provides an overview of key social drivers of health, including functional status, cognitive status, psychosocial factors, geriatric syndromes, and more. Through visual exploration, the study aims to elucidate trends and variations over time and across different regions. The analysis adopts a descriptive approach, emphasizing qualitative insights and policy considerations. This study contributes to a better understanding of the contextual factors influencing health outcomes in nursing homes, offering valuable insights for potential policy enhancements.
Impacts of climate change on thermal stratification and water quality of Reservoirs
Authors: Najari Sina , Heidarzadeh Nima
Published: February 2024

This study examines the impact of climate change on the thermal structure, dissolved oxygen (DO), and phosphate (PO4) values of the Karun IV reservoir, Iran. It covers the baseline period (1995-2014) and future projections (2081-2100). Future meteorological variables were derived from the Canadian Earth System Model version 5 (CanESM5) under two emission scenarios downscaled using a machine-learning approach. The continuous daily inflow of the reservoir over an extended period was simulated by employing the IHACRES rainfall-runoff model, in conjunction with the Water Evaluation and Planning system (WEAP) to replicate water level dynamics and outflow. The evaluation of water quality for the years 2019-2020 was conducted utilizing a calibrated CE-QUAL-W2, and any missing data was approximated through empirical relationships. Our findings indicate that the average surface water temperature and the average PO4 concentration, which respectively stands at 22.8 °C and 0.27 mg/L in the baseline scenario, are projected to increase under both SSP1-1.9 (24.4 °C and 0.31 mg/L) and SSP5-8.5 (26 °C and 0.48 mg/L) scenarios. Whereas the average DO concentration of 8.2 mg/L in the baseline scenario is expected to decline in the mentioned scenarios (7.3 and 6.01 mg/L, respectively). The increase in the temperature of the water and the subsequent decline in DO and PO4 levels in deeper waters pose a significant threat to the sustainable growth of aquatic species in the Karun VI reservoir in the future.
Layered/Spinel Heterostructured Li-Rich Cathode Materials without Oxygen Loss in Lithium-ion Battery
Authors: Xu Shan
Published: February 2024

Lithium-excess manganese layered oxides, which are commonly described by the chemical formula xLi2MnO3· (1-x) LiMO2 (M = Co, Ni, Mn, etc.), are of great importance as cathode materials for rechargeable lithium batteries. A mechanism involving simultaneous Li and O removal is often proposed. Oxygen loss and MnO2 formation appear when first charging across a voltage plateau at 4.5 V vs Li/Li+, which is bottleneck of industrialization for the resulting security problems. In our recent findings, layered/spinel heterostructured Li-rich material Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 consist of Li2MnO3, LiNiMnO2 and LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 without oxygen loss was desired. After assembling it into lithium-ion battery, CV curves have no oxygen evolution peak and no oxygen appears in situ differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS). According to the first principle, Li + ions in Li2MnO3 de-intercalate then Ni2+ ions of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 migrate into the sites when first charging, which avoids the oxygen loss from the collapse of Li2MnO3. The exist of spinel phase make the phase transition process of circulation stable, which contributed to the high cycling performance for lithium-ion battery (300 and 220 mAh g− 1 after 200th cycles at 0.1 and 0.5C-rate (1C = 250 mA g− 1)).
WITHDRAWN: Analysis of Clinical and Demographic Characteristics among Turkish Patients with Neurofibromatosis Type 1, with a Focus on Dermatological Features
Authors: Ahmadi Vahid , Karimi Nazli , Evans Sibel Ersoy , Karaduman Ayşen
Published: February 2024

Background
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by distinct clinical features.
Aim
This study aims to address this gap by investigating the demographic and clinical features of NF1 in the Turkish population.
Methods
A retrospective review of the medical records of 128 patients diagnosed with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) over a three-year period was conducted.The analysis focused on investigating the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients, including key parameters such as vitamin D levels and also Body Mass Index (BMI).
Result
Nevus anemicus was present in 32.8% of NF1 patients, and a significant association was found between nevus anemicus and low vitamin D levels (p = 0.001). Although a higher frequency of neurofibromas was observed in patients with low serum vitamin D levels, but the difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest an association between NF1 and lower vitamin D levels. Additionally, individuals with decreased vitamin D levels may demonstrate an increased susceptibility to the development of neurofibromas and a higher prevalence of nevus anemicus. To gain a better understanding of this relationship, we propose the necessity of a prospective study. Such a study would be instrumental in evaluating the correlation between nevus anemicus and vitamin D levels in both NF1 patients and a healthy control group.
Forecasting the Enrolment of Bank Term Deposits: A case study approach with Cross-Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) methodology.
Authors: Tunca Sezai
Published: February 2024

This case study employs the Cross-Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) methodology to forecast the enrollment of bank term deposits by analyzing a dataset obtained from Moro et al. (2014). The study aims to provide data-driven strategic recommendations to a bank's marketing department by understanding the factors influencing the likelihood of a customer subscribing to a term deposit. The dataset includes various demographic and financial variables, and the analysis employs logistic regression and support vector machine (SVM) models. The CRISP-DM methodology guides the project through stages such as business understanding, data preparation, modeling, and evaluation. The logistic regression model demonstrates high accuracy, and both models meet success criteria, providing valuable insights for enhancing marketing strategies. The study acknowledges limitations, such as the dataset's limited representation of the customer population and potential biases from oversampling, while recommending future research with different machine learning models and extensive datasets for more comprehensive results. The primary objective is to offer strategic guidance to the marketing department, focusing on significant variables and improving communication strategies based on critical findings from the analysis.
Is it bad apples or bad barrels? Undergraduate Medical Students Attitude towards Plagiarism; Transcultural Study
Authors: Abdelnasser Asmaa , Abouzeid Enjy , Mostafa Enas M A , Mahmoud Manal Ibrahim Hanafi , Wasfy Nourhan F. , Shehata Shaimaa A
Published: February 2024

Background
Plagiarism is a significant violation of academic integrity since it diminishes the value of original and honest academic work. Plagiarism is becoming increasingly common in medical colleges around the world, posing significant obstacles for educators, faculty, and policymakers in addressing such ethical dilemmas and limiting potential risks and liabilities as well.
Aim
to explore the attitude of medical students towards plagiarism and identify the underlying factors that may influence plagiarism using a mixed quantitative and qualitative transcultural approach.
Methods
This two-phase observational mixed-method study utilized a probability-stratified random sample technique to include medical students from two schools, in Egypt and Saudi Arabia. The attitude of the students was investigated using The Attitudes Towards Plagiarism (ATP) questionnaire, a validated online self-administered questionnaire. It was distributed electronically to 387 medical students from both schools. Additionally, two focus group sessions were conducted following an inductive approach and underwent thematic analysis.
Results
A total of 387 medical students completed the questionnaires, 182 participants from Egyptian Medical School and 205 from Saudi Medical School. A majority (73.9%) had not received previous plagiarism training. The category-wise distribution of the study participants in the two medical schools in all components of the ATP scale showed that a vast majority fell in the moderate category. The overall mean (SD) scores were for Egyptian and Saudi Medical Students’ positive attitude (35, 33), negative attitude (23, 22), and subjective norms (31, 30). The thematic analysis of the focus group discussions categorized the student responses under three themes: Understanding Plagiarism, Drivers of Plagiarism, and Proactive Preventive Measures for Plagiarism.
Conclusion
This study provides an insightful analysis of students' understanding of plagiarism, particularly in the context of academic writing. Key factors identified as contributing to plagiarism include language barriers, poor academic writing skills, the challenging nature of assignments, strict deadlines, and an assessment focus on scores. The study also notes the dual role of technology in this context and underscores the significant impact of cultural influences on students' perceptions of plagiarism.
Digital Fabrication als Brücke zwischen Making und Informatik
Authors: Baberowski David , Leonhardt Thiemo , Bergner Nadine
Published: February 2024

Digital Fabrication (DF) bezeichnet das Planen, Konstruieren und Herstellen von Gegenständen mithilfe von Software und computergesteuerten Werkzeugen. DF ist eng mit Making und Maker Education verbunden und bietet gleichzeitig viele inhaltliche Anknüpfungsmöglichkeiten für den Medien- und Informatikunterricht. Der Beitrag argumentiert für DF als Verbindungsstück zwischen Maker Education und Informatikunterricht, indem ein DF-Prozess, bestehend aus den drei Schritten Konstruktion, Transformation und Interpretation, eingeführt wird. Dieser Prozess wird sowohl aus der Anwender- als auch aus der fachinformatischen Perspektive betrachtet. Die herausgearbeiteten Anknüpfungspunkte werden anschliessend mit existierenden Kompetenzmodellen der Informatik verglichen. Das Resultat ist, dass mit der Anwendung von DF im Informatikunterricht eine breite Abdeckung der Kompetenzbereiche (ausgehend von den Bildungsstandards der GI) erreicht werden kann. Neben dieser wichtigen Voraussetzung ist für eine feste Integration von Making und DF in den Informatikunterricht vor allem die Fortbildung von Lehrkräften diesbezüglich von grosser Bedeutung, weshalb ein Seminarkonzept für Lehramtsstudierende erarbeitet wurde. Die ersten Learnings der Pilotierung zeigen, dass eine Integration von DF in den Informatikunterricht gelingen kann und zeigen offene Forschungsfragen auf. Insbesondere ist für eine nachhaltige und umfassende Verankerung von Making im Schulunterricht neben der inhaltlichen Passung auch die Integration von Projektmethoden und Schülerzentrierung in den Informatikunterricht notwendig.
Digital Transformation in Tunneling – A Project Report on TransIT
Authors: Bednar Thomas , Galler Robert , Huemer Christian , Huymajer Marco , Klikovits Stefan , Melnyk Oleksandr , Paskaleva Galina , Steiner Bernhard , Wenighofer Robert , Wimmer Manuel
Published: February 2024

The digital transformation has significantly affected many industries. Recently, it has gained momentum in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) sector in general and tunneling in particular. To support these developments, TransIT represents an inter-university and interdisciplinary research initiative with the goal of advancing digitalization in tunneling. This article discusses the challenges connected with the digital transformation of the tunneling sector. We examine this topic with different use cases demonstrating solutions to those challenges.
Identifikasi Adaptasi Ruang pada Kelompok Tani Jambu Suryatmajan menggunakan Teori HBEs dan Adaptable Space
Authors: Hartono Steffany , Amijaya Sita Yuliastuti
Published: February 2024

Title: Identification of Space Adaptation in Suryatmajan Guava Farmer Group using HBEs Theory and Adaptable Space
The residence, which only accommodates domestic activities, has an additional function in the business space. This requires the occupants to carry out adaptation behavior, both inside and outside the building. The Farmer Group in Gemblakan Atas Village produces processed guava at certain times. The narrow land makes them adapt their physical space to fulfill their production space needs. This research aims to identify the physical space adaptation carried out by the Jambu Farmers Group by assessing the theory of Home Based Enterprises (HBEs) and Adaptable Space. Identification is done on the adaptation of physical space in Suryatmajan Tourism Village. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method by taking three objects of study of MSME units and showing differences in adaptation phenomena. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, which were analyzed using the comparative study method. The results obtained from the analysis of the three objects of study can be identified through the Home Based Enterprises theory. While the Adaptable Space theory can only show the adaptation of the physical space of one object of study.
Results of the Project “Cultural Diffusion of The Circassians of Russia and Turkey: Art Historical and Socio-Cultural Analysis”
Authors: SOKOLOVA Alla
Published: February 2024

Three years of work under the Project “Cultural Diffusion of the Circassians of Russia and Turkey: Art Historical and Socio-Cultural Analysis” coincided with both difficult epidemiological situation in the world, and with known political and economical problems. Despite these hardships, the research team has managed to produce many research outputs, including an electronic Encyclopedia of Circassian artists, that has information about 162 Circassian artists and more than 500 illustrations with data, from Adyghea, Kabardino-Balkaria, Karachay-Cherkessia, different cities of Russia and Turkey. In this paper the result of the project are summarised under the philosophical, cultural, culturological, and socio-cultural clusters. The research study concluded that the phenomenon of ethnic separation is a complex object of study both in theory and practice. In this regard, in our study we first focused on the substantiation of the concept of "ethnic art" and the idea of how the mechanisms of cultural penetration into the existing systems of a divided ethnic group work. In the case of the Circassians the desire for reunification is limited to cultural contacts, where the culture of the metropolis often acts as a donor for the diaspora majority of Turkey. An analysis of the functional ties between parts of a divided ethnic group shows that for the Circassians of the diaspora, contacts with fellow Caucasians are a breeding ground for preserving the language, familiarizing with professional culture, and promoting various types of art - musical, theatrical, choreographic. For the Circassians of the metropolis, the culture and folklore of the Circassians of the Diaspora is a resource for the renewal of artistic culture in all its forms and genres. The so-called "genetic memory" is triggered in both, reinforcing the ethnic identity, and allowing the subjects to feel a spiritual unity, a collective sense of security, a common past, a common history and mutual ancestors.
Water quality indexes and water quality population perception in a rural area in Ecuador
Authors: Roldán-Reascos Gloria , Pérez-Lamela Concepción , de Blas Esther , Simal-Gandara Jesus
Published: February 2024

This studỳs aim was to evaluate the quality of water for human consumption in a rural area of Ecuador. For this purpose, two water quality indexes were used: the Water Quality Index (WQI) and the Simplified Water Quality Index (SWQI). Sampling campaigns were carried out during the years 2018 and 2019, and 18 parameters were analyzed, including pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, temperature, color, phosphates, nitrites, nitrates, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids, turbidity, methylene blue active substances, fats and oils, total coliforms, ammonia, nitrogen, and fecal coliforms. The WQI and the SWQI yielded values between 79.80 and 81.31 (2018) and between 76.99 and 79.89 (2019), respectively. Multivariate statistical methods were applied to implement water management recommendations. The perception of water quality was assessed through a survey of the population. This study contributes to recommending a proposal for the adoption of a WQI in Ecuador. The obtained results indicate that the water in the studied area needs the conventional treatment to achieve adequate quality for human consumption.
INTERFACE DO HABITAR COM O ESPAÇO URBANO EM SANTO ANTÔNIO, RECIFE - PE
Authors: Silva Francisco Allyson Barbosa , Brandão José (Zeca) , Moura Thayná Moraes
Published: February 2024

Este artigo apresenta a investigação realizada em conjunto com o Núcleo de Gestão do Porto Digital sobre as condições de habitabilidade do bairro de Santo Antônio, localizado na cidade do Recife - PE, por meio da interface da temática do habitar com o espaço urbano. Parte-se da compreensão de que o habitar vai muito além da relação com a moradia em si, englobando atividades cotidianas, relações sociais e dinâmicas urbanas, estando diretamente associada ao espaço urbano. Para o seu desenvolvimento, além do referencial teórico e da investigação de dados da área, foi desenvolvido um questionário online visando compreender as motivações e inquietações da população em relação a habitar a área central do Recife, destinado a um público-alvo pré-definido, que são os trabalhadores da área central do Recife - sejam eles associados à Prefeitura da Cidade do Recife/PCR, ao Porto Digital/PD e ao Câmara dos Dirigentes Lojistas/ CDL Recife -, permitindo desenvolver a pesquisa a partir de tais opiniões e respeitando as exigências éticas necessárias. Quatro categorias de análise foram escolhidas para constituir os levantamentos e, por meio da análise do questionário, foi possível compreender o ponto de vista de quem vivencia o bairro de Santo Antônio e suas prioridades, enxergando a relação entre habitar e o espaço urbano refletidos na área e o papel relevante dessa interface como vetor de transformação local.
Increased ACSL6 Expression Predicts a Favorable Prognosis in Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Hua Hui , Pan Shuaikang , Diao Haizhou , Cao Yueyue , Qian Xiaojun , Zhang Jinguo
Published: February 2024

Background:

Long-chain acyl-coenzyme A synthases (ACSLs) are responsible
for the catalysis of fatty acids into their corresponding fatty acyl-CoAs. The dysregulation
of ACSLs has been increasingly recognized in cancer patients. However, the function
of ACSL6 in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is still completely unknown.

Methods:

In this study, immunohistochemistry was applied to detect ACSL6 protein expression
using a TNBC tissue microarray. Additionally, the mRNA levels of ACSL6 in
human normal tissues and pancancer tissues were analyzed using Genotype Tissue Expression
(GTEx) datasets and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The correlations
between the levels of ACSL6 expression and clinical characteristics were analyzed.
The survival analysis of ACSL6 in TNBC was carried out using the Kaplan‒Meier
Plotter online tool. Associations of ACSL6 with immune infiltration analyses were
conducted using the ESTIMATE, CIBERSORT, and TISIDB databases. The relationship
between ACSL6 and sensitivity to drugs was analyzed from Genomics of Drug Sensitivity
in Cancer (GDSC).

Results:

The results indicated a significant increase in ACSL6 expression in TNBC tissues
compared to adjacent normal tissues. However, high ACSL6 expression was significantly
associated with favorable survival outcomes in TNBC patients. Enrichment analysis
revealed that coexpressed genes of ACSL6 were significantly enriched in various immunity
processes. ACSL6 was positively correlated with the infiltration of memory
CD4 T cells, while a negative correlation was found between ACSL6 and M2
macrophages and resting dendritic cells. Further analysis revealed that high levels of ACSL6
correlated with increased survival outcomes in cancer patients who received immunotherapy.

Conclusion:

Altogether, the current findings highlight the potential value of ACSL6 as
a diagnostic and prognostic marker in the treatment of TNBC.
Efficacy and Mechanisms of Silybum Marianum, Silymarin, and Silibinin
on Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis Symptoms: A Systematic
Review
Authors: Habibi Ghahfarrokhi Shahrzad , Heidari-Soureshjani Saeid , Sherwin Catherine MT , Azadegan-Dehkordi Zahra
Published: February 2024

Background:

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) are the most common
forms of skeletal disease worldwide.

Objective:

The current systematic review investigated the mechanisms of Silybum marianum, silymarin,
and silibinin on RA and OA symptoms.

Methods:

The PRISMA 2020 statement was used for reporting Items in this systematic review.
The result was a list of five databases, including Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase,
PubMed, and Scopus. After determining the inclusion and exclusion criteria, of 437 records identified,
21 studies were eligible. The data were extracted from the studies and imported into an Excel
form, and finally, the effects, outcomes, and associated mechanisms were surveyed.

Results:

Silybum marianum and its main constituents revealed immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory,
antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties in humans and laboratory animals. Moreover, they
protect the joints against the cartilage matrix's hypocellularity and fibrillation, reduce synovitis,
and inhibit degeneration of aggrecan and collagen-II in human chondrocytes. They also, through
reducing inflammatory cytokines, show an analgesic effect. Although silymarin and silibinin have
low absorption, their bioavailability can be increased with nanoparticles.

Conclusion:

In experimental studies, Silybum marianum, silymarin, and silibinin revealed promising
effects on RA and OA symptoms. However, more clinical studies are needed in this field to obtain
reliable results and clinical administration of these compounds.
A Case of Intractable Hypophosphatemia in a Patient with Guillain-Barré
Syndrome and Encephalitis after SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Zheng Yawen , Hou Yuanyuan , Qi Mingzhu , Zhang Yongxiang , Han Chao , Sun Hui , Li Jiang
Published: February 2024

Background:

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection
attacks the respiratory and nervous systems. Among patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection,
cases with simultaneous central and peripheral nervous system damage are rare, and those with
intractable hypophosphatemia and hypokalemia complicating the former have not been reported
yet.

Case Presentation:

A 59-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with incoherent
speech evolving for 3 days. She had tested positive for the SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR assay 8
days earlier. Her physical examination showed progressive limb weakness with diminished tendon
reflexes and normal sensory examination. Cranial MRI revealed multiple abnormal signals
in the brain. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis and electromyography revealed acute motor
axonal neuropathy (AMAN), further diagnosed as encephalitis combined with Guillain‑Barré
syndrome (GBS). The patient received glucocorticoid therapy, intravenous immune globulin
(IVIG), and rehabilitation therapy. The patient experienced an intractable hypophosphatemia
and hypokalemia during the treatment period, which was not effectively corrected several times.
The symptoms improved after 1 month of treatment.

Conclusion:

Early diagnosis is important for the management of Guillain-Barré syndrome associated
with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, in order to prevent life-threatening long-term
persistent electrolyte disturbances in non-seriously ill patients, clinicians should pay particular
attention to their electrolyte status.
Tinospora Cordifolia, A Rasayana Herb, as a Potential Source of Infectious Disease Therapeutics
Authors: Paliwal Paras , Ul- Islam Muneeb , Sharma Shweta , Sharma Anuradha
Published: February 2024

Introduction:

Ayurveda is a well-established traditional medicinal system in India
which focuses on the treatment of chronic illnesses and the promotion of overall wellness. A
significant upsurge has been observed in the research and development of traditional medicine in
the 21st century. Tinospora cordifolia is a valuable Rasayana herb of Ayurveda with various medicinal
properties like anticancer, antiobesity, hepatoprotective, antiulcer, antimicrobial, and
immunomodulatory.

Aim:

The current study aims to review the antimicrobial potential of T. cordifolia based on a
number of available scientific evidence.

Methodology:

Literature was retrieved from PubMed, Google Scholar, and other databases with
a combination of different keywords, including antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, antiparasitic,
antiviral, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antiinflammatory with T. cordifolia, and the obtained
reports were analyzed.

Results:

Various studies indicate the antimicrobial potential of this herb against different viral,
bacterial, fungal, and parasitic pathogens. The majority of the available evidence include the preliminary
screening of the antimicrobial activities. To highlight the societal acceptance of T. cordifolia
in this context, some value-added products based on this herb have also been discussed
briefly.

Conclusion:

T. cordifolia has antimicrobial potential, which could be explored for the development
of natural products-based therapeutics for infectious disease treatment. Cytotoxic, antioxidative,
anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of T. cordifolia contribute to minimizing
microbial colonization and strengthening the immune system against emerging infections.
Herbal medicines are associated with some limitations, such as low effectiveness, seasonal
variations of phytochemicals etc. More detailed studies are required to understand the underlying
mechanism and the responsible phytochemicals, which will enhance the translational value of T.
cordifolia-based phytotherapeutics.
Contemporary Approaches in the Synthesis and Fabrication of Nanoparticles
Authors: Prasad P.G.
Published: February 2024

Nowadays engineered nanomaterials and nano phases are fabricated through the manipulation of factors during their synthesis. The current chapter encompasses the trends and challenges of the diversified synthetic strategies including the physic chemical and biological techniques. Methods such as solvo-thermal, reduction, microemulsion, microwave-assisted, sonochemical, electrochemical, polyol and radiolytic processes are discussed under chemical approach. The various physical procedures included are milling, high-energy irradiation, ion implantation, laser ablation and spray pyrolysis. The rising trends of green protocols using biological systems like plant extracts, enzymes and microorganisms towards the surface tuning of these are also discussed.
Metal Doped Nanoparticles: Advances in Synthesis and their Applications in Wound Healing
Authors: Laxmikant Patil R.
Published: February 2024

Nanoparticles are proven to possess significant and versatile applications in various fields which are attributed to their distinct physicochemical properties. Top-down and bottom-up approaches are generally employed for their synthesis which includes various physical (micro-wave assisted, sono-chemical, laser ablation and combustion), chemical (chemical reduction, co-precipitation, and sol gel) and biological methods. Doping of nanoparticles with elements like silver, copper, cobalt, iron, zinc, rare earth elements and various transition metal elements offers synergistic functional and biological properties. Due to their excellent anti-microbial property which includes both antibacterial and antifungal, they are used as dressing agents in wound healing laden with medicines for effective drug delivery to the site of infection, thus facilitating faster and effective healing.
Bioinspired Nano-Engineering for Plasmon-Enhanced Biosensing Applications
Authors: Seemesh Bhaskar
Published: February 2024

Recently, interdisciplinary applications are being benefited from functional nanomaterials synthesized using pragmatic bioinspired approaches. Although such bioinspired nano-engineering is gaining the interest of the scientific community, their relevance in the development of plasmon-enhanced biosensing frameworks is seldom discussed. In this chapter, the utility of biopolymers and proteins as excellent candidates for nano-engineering is presented. Case studies where the resulting nanomaterials via frugal approaches are used for surface plasmon-coupled emission (SPCE) based biosensing technologies are highlighted. The advantages of biopolymers such as lycoat, kollidon® and gelucire® as well as proteins such as sesame, castor, sericin and silkworm protein for nanofabrication is presented along with their potential towards development of SPCE based biosensing platforms.
Strategies for Enhancing Biocompatibility of Nanoparticles
Authors: Thakur A.
Published: February 2024

This book chapter explores the challenges of nanoparticles' biocompatibility in cardiovascular applications and proposes strategies to enhance their safety profile. It discusses interactions between nanoparticles and biological systems, highlighting factors like size, surface charge, and functionalization. The chapter examines cardiovascular toxicity, including adverse effects on heart function and vascular integrity. Cutting-edge strategies, such as surface modification with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and targeted nanoparticles, are explored to improve biocompatibility and reduce immunogenicity. Stimuli-responsive systems for controlled drug release are also discussed to enhance specificity and minimize off-target effects. These innovations hold promise for advancing nanoparticle applications in medicine.
Ecotoxicology of Nanoparticles
Authors: Zubair Muhammad
Published: February 2024

The escalating concern within the field of ecotoxicology pertains to the burgeoning impacts of nanoparticles (NPs) on the environment. Owing to their distinctive physicochemical attributes, engineered nanomaterials have found pervasive use in many different fields, causing their dispersion into natural ecosystems. It summarizes nanoparticle ecotoxicology, concentrating on their environmental impacts. This provides NP bioavailability, toxicity processes, and exposure routes. It emphasizes risk assessment and sustainable nanomaterial innovation to reduce environmental damage. Addressing nanoparticle ecotoxicity is essential for nanotechnology's long-term sustainability and ecosystem protection. Furthermore, the chapter uncovering the toxicity mechanisms and implementing regulations to protect ecosystems from nanoparticle induced environmental hazards.