bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Counting algebraic numbers in short intervals with rational points
Authors: Bernik Vasily I. , Götze Friedrich , Kalosha Nikolai I.
Published: April 2019

In 2012 it was proved that real algebraic numbers follow a non­uniform but regular distribution, where the respective definitions go back to H. Weyl (1916) and A. Baker and W. Schmidt (1970). The largest deviations from the uniform distribution occur in neighborhoods of rational numbers with small denominators. In this article the authors are first to specify a gene ral condition that guarantees the presence of a large quantity of real algebraic numbers in a small interval. Under this condition, the distribution of real algebraic numbers attains even stronger regularity properties, indicating that there is a chance of proving Wirsing’s conjecture on approximation of real numbers by algebraic numbers and algebraic integers.
Free oscillations of the middle ear after total tympanoplasty and ossiculoplasty with functional mobility of the foot plate of stapes
Authors: Bosiakov Sergei M. , Mikhasev Gennadi I.
Published: April 2019

Pathological changes in the oscillating system of the middle ear can lead to a decrease of the susceptibility threshold of the auditory analyser to sound vibrations and, consequently, to partial or complete hearing loss. Cartilage implants are most often used for the reconstruction of the tympanic membrane, since they help to avoid complications after treatment. Evaluation of the dynamic characteristics (eigenmodes and eigenfrequencies) of the reconstructed middle ear is the most important problem for analysing the quality of operations that improve the auditory conductivity and develop further recommendations for optimal prosthetics. The aim of this study is to estimate the eigenfrequencies of the middle ear free oscillations after prosthetics on the basis of a mathematical model involving transverse vibrations of the cartilage graft and movement of the prosthesis connecting the reconstructed tympanic membrane and the base of the foot stapes plate. The values of natural frequencies are evaluated for different positions of the nodal lines, averaged geometrical parameters and elastic properties of the tympanic membrane, as well as the foot plate of stapes and prosthesis.
To the numerical solution of singular integro-differential Prandtl equation by the method of orthogonal polynomials
Authors: Rasolko Galina A.
Published: April 2019

In the paper, computational schemes for solving the Cauchy problem for the singular integro-differential Prandtl equation with a singular integral over a segment of the real axis, understood in the sense of the Cauchy principal value, are constructed and justified. This equation is reduced to equivalent Fredholm equations of the second kind by inversion of the singular integral in three classes of Muskhelishvili functions and applying spectral relations for the singular integral. At the same time, we investigate the conditions for the solvability of integral Fredholm equations of the second kind with a logarithmic kernel of a special form and are approximately solved. The new computational schemes are based on applying the spectral relations for the singular integral to the integral entering into the equivalent equation. Uniform estimates of the errors of approximate solutions are obtained.
Iterative realization of finite difference schemes in the fictitious domain method for elliptic problems with mixed derivatives
Authors: Volkov Vasily M. , Prakonina Alena V.
Published: April 2019

Development of efficient finite difference schemes and iterative methods for solving anisotropic diffusion problems in an arbitrary geometry domain is considered. To simplify the formulation of the Neumann boundary conditions, the method of fictitious domains is used. On the example of a two-dimensional model problem of potential distribution in an isolated anisotropic ring conductor a comparative efficiency analysis of some promising finite-difference schemes and iterative methods in terms of their compatibility with the fictitious domain method is carried out. On the basis of numerical experiments empirical estimates of the asymptotic dependence of the convergence rate of the biconjugate gradient method with Fourier – Jacobi and incomplete LU factorization preconditioners on the step size and the value of the small parameter determining the continuation of the conductivity coefficient in the fictitious domain method are obtained. It is shown, that for one of the considered schemes the Fourier – Jacobi preconditioner is spectrally optimal and allows to eliminate the asymptotical dependence of the iterations number to achieve a given accuracy both on the value of the step size and the value of the small parameter in the fictitious domain method.
Selecting informative features of human gene exons
Authors: Volkau Andrei V. , Yatskou Mikalai M. , Grinev Vasily V.
Published: April 2019

Dimensionality reduction of the human gene exon feature space is considered with the aim of gene identification. To evaluate the performance of various feature selection algorithms, computational experiments were carried out using the examples of exons of 14 known human genes. It is proven that exons are clearly separable regarding gene affiliation. Feature selection algorithms are sensitive to noise features and allow to estimate their number. Reducing the number of features improves CPU-time, memory usage as well as reduces the complexity of a model and makes it easier to interpret. Our findings indicate that utilizing of features of flanking intronic sequences leads to better prediction models in comparison with utilizing of exon features. The results of the research provide new opportunities for study of human gene data using machine learning algorithms.
The Displacement of the Diffraction Pattern in the Motion of the Medium
Authors: Glushchenko A. , Glushchenko E.
Published: April 2019

Diffraction of waves of different physical nature is one of the most important and studied phenomena of nature in connection with its versatile use in devices and measuring techniques. The influence of media motion on the diffraction pattern attracted the attention of researchers in connection with the development of the theory of electrodynamics of moving media and continues to attract attention in connection with a number of unsolved problems of physics. In this paper we consider a model of the diffraction of waves on the slit and lattice, located on a movable substrate (medium). Analytical relations for the calculation of the diffraction pattern intensity distribution are obtained. The significant influence of the medium motion on the diffraction pattern is established. The position of the zero-order maximum does not depend on the motion of the medium, on the one hand, the distance between the diffraction maxima decreases, on the other hand increases, until they disappear. The conditions under which the motion of the medium leads to an asymmetrical appearance of the diffraction intensity distribution, which is not observed in a stationary medium, are established. Generalized conditions of diffraction minima are obtained taking into account the motion of the medium. Shows the effect of the direction of the velocity of motion of the medium on the intensity of the diffraction pattern.
Functor If of Idempotent Probability Measures
Authors: Ishmetov A.
Published: April 2019

In the present paper, we proof the functor If of idempotent probability measures acting in the category of Hausdorff compact spaces and their continuous maps is normal.
(O-C)-compact Spaces and Hyperspaces Functor
Authors: Jumaev D.
Published: April 2019

In the work, it is established that the space of all nonempty compact subsets of a Tychonoff space is (O-C)–compact if and only if the give Tychonoff space is (O-C)–compact. Further, for a map f:X→Y the map expβX→Y is (O-C)–compact if and only if the map f is (O-C)–compact.
Molecular-Genetic Identification and Analysis of Pinus sylvestris L. Populations in Kirov Oblast and Perm Krai
Authors: Nassonova E. , Vasileva Yu. , Prishnivskaya Ya. , Zhulanov A.
Published: April 2019

Molecular–genetic analysis and identification of 5 Pinus sylvestris L. hauls, collected in Kirov oblast and Perm krai was provided. Molecular–genetic analysis was provided with using ISSR–method of DNA polymorphism analysis. In 5 researched hauls of P. sylvestris 126 ISSR–markers were identified, 122 (P95=0.968) were polymorphic. Molecular–genetic identification of researched P. sylvestris populations was provided and molecular–genetic formulas and bar–codes were made. Identification ISSR–markers were identified. Genetic structure and differentiation analysis of P. sylvestris showed that hauls were distributed in three genetic populations.
Genetic Diversity Within Species of Two Species Woody Plants Populations in Perm Krai
Authors: Prishnivskaya Ya. , Nassonova E. , Chertov N. , Zhulanov A. , Vasileva Yu. , Boronnikova S. , Kalendar R.
Published: April 2019

Researched 3 Scots pine populations (Pinus sylvestris L., Pinaceae) and 3 populations of western species of Siberian larch (Larix sibirica Ledeb., Pinaceae) in Perm krai for genetic diversity within species detecting. 114 ISSR–PCR P. sylvestris markers and 116 ISSR–PCR L. sibirica markers were amplified. The rate of polymorphic loci expected heterozygosity and number of rare ISSR–PCR markers were identified. Researched species are characterized by high genetic diversity. The rate of polymorphic loci is higher in P. sylvestris; expected heterozygosity and the number of effective alleles is higher in L. sibirica. Each species has populations with high and low genetic diversity parameters. The rare alleles were identified in every of 6 researched populations, but the number ranges from 6 to 13 in P. sylvestris populations and from 3 to 10 in L. sibirica populations. Genetic structure of researched populations analysis show that the interpopulation component of genetic diversity accounts for 30.28% in P. sylvestris and 30.92% in L. sibirica; most of the genetic diversity of P. sylvestris (69, 72%) and L. sibirica (69.08%) is concentrated within populations. Generic markers were found for the genus Pinus and Larix, and species markers for P. sylvestris and L. sibirica. Identification polymorphic markers or their combinations typical for the studied populations of two studied species. The molecular genetic formulas and barcodes of the studied populations are composed. Data on the intraspecific genetic diversity of populations of woody plants of the Perm krai will allow to recommend measures of their conservation, as well as to carry out molecular genetic identification of both natural populations and wood from these populations, which is important for determining the legality of its harvesting.
Extraction and Study Anthocyanins Plant Material
Authors: Solominova L. , Onina S. , Kozlova G.
Published: April 2019

The paper presents the results of the qualitative and quantitative determination of some anthocyanins (in particular, cyanidin-3-glycoside and cyanidin-3-galactoside) in the fruits of Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) and Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. The reaction of extracting water-soluble dyes on the solution medium is also presented. The method of direct spectrophotometry was used. All calculations are made in the program STATISTICA 6. It is determined that the maximum content of anthocyanins is typical for fruit chokeberry Aronia. The possibility of using natural dye from chokeberry fruits in the industry is shown.
Biophysics of Blood Circulation in Vascular Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Volobuev A. , Romanchuk P.
Published: April 2019

Modern rational pharmacotherapy allows being provided with a balance of efficacy and safety in clinical geriatrics, which is especially important in patients with neurovascular degeneration, including in the presence of severe forms of vascular comorbidity, requiring multi–component therapy, under the condition of active multidisciplinary and interdepartmental impact. Dementia in its origin is mixed and it is extremely difficult to divide into parts its primary degenerative or vascular component. The differentiated approach is determined by the heterogeneity of the pathological process, which common is the relationship of cerebral vascular damages with the development of the brain symptoms damage. The problem of nosological independence of Alzheimer’s disease is the subject of discussion for patients of older age groups (especially in people 65 years and older). The genesis of mnestic–intellectual disorders is due not so much to primary–degenerative as vascular changes, especially at the level of the microcirculatory canal. The modern problem of neurodegeneration has a neurophysiological, biophysical, gerontological, geriatric and strategic practical orientation since the diagnosis of the cause of the disease determines the choice of adequate treatment. Due to a large number of pathogenetical mechanisms, there is no single and standardized method of treatment for vascular dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. In any case, prevention of the development and progression of vascular dementia and Alzheimer’s disease should take into account the etiological mechanisms of its occurrence, because it will vary in patients with failures of small vessels, occlusive damages of the main arteries of the head or an embolism of cardiogenic origin. In patients with failures of small vessels, the main direction of therapy should be the normalization of blood pressure, which leads to improved cognitive functions. At the same time, excessive lowering of blood pressure can provoke an increase in mnestic-intellectual disorders, possibly caused by a secondary decrease in cerebral blood flow due to a violation of autoregulation. Biophysics of blood circulation in Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by disorders of laminar blood flow and cerebral hypoperfusion. As a result, failure intracellular metabolism, there is a cascade of changes in neurons associated with the processes of excitotoxicity and oxidant stress, which in turn stimulates amyloidogenesis. Experimental and 25-year observations have shown that the long–existing state of hypoperfusion leads to hippocampal disorders. This process is accompanied by memory impairment, structural changes in the capillaries in the hippocampus, impaired glucose and protein metabolism, β–amyloid deposition, activation of glial tissue, the death of hippocampal neurons.
Arterial Hypertension in the Postmenopause - Correlation Parallels
Authors: Abramova S. , Selkin V. , Iseev D. , Usov A.
Published: April 2019

Arterial hypertension is probably one of the most widespread diseases. According to statistics, the prevalence of AH at the age of 45–54 years among women is 58%, and at the age of 55–64 years it increases to 74.5%. Given the fact that the antihypertensive drugs are provided in the age group of 55–64 years, the order of 80% provides that the effectiveness of the use of drug therapy is only 30%. It is at this age that the postmenopause period occurs. On average, the duration of postmenopausal varies from 5 to 6 years and can last up to 65–69 years. Compared with men of the same age group, cardiovascular diseases are significantly less frequently affected. The presence of cardinal changes in the mechanism of occurrence and course of the pathology of the cardiovascular system in men and women, primarily due to the general differences and cardioprotective effects of ovarian hormones. It has been established that in the period of postmenopause a significant increase in the frequency of arterial hypertension occurs in women. Hypoestrogenism plays a significant role in the formation of arterial hypertension in this cohort of patients, and this affects the endothelium leading to its dysfunction, and its implementation is carried out through the components of the metabolic syndrome. From an analysis of the literature, it can be seen that the effect of hormone replacement therapy should be positive. Nevertheless, it should be noted that the development of arterial hypertension in postmenopause is a complex and multifaceted process.
To the Issue of Acute Myocarditis
Authors: Mokina E. , Naumenko E. , Kumanyaeva D. , Rakhmatullina M. , Surgaeva E.
Published: April 2019

According to statistics, pathology of the cardiovascular system can occur in 80% of patients who have undergone various acute viral infections, including influenza. All these manifestations are compensatory in nature and are completed independently without additional therapy. Children have respiratory viral infections, arising heart failure and various rhythm disturbances, quite often with a protracted course. Perhaps the emergence of an acute process, as well as the presence of viruses that can cause difficulties in terms of diagnosis and diagnosis, and other controversial issues. This attempt to highlight some controversial points. The detailed historical aspect of the formation of this nosological unit.
Key Etiopathogenetic Features of Formation of Uterine Myoma
Authors: Abramova S. , Selkin V. , Iseev D. , Usov A. , Grachev D.
Published: April 2019

The steady growth of proliferative diseases from year to year is becoming more and more medical and social importance, which is associated with their clinical manifestations and recurrent course, adversely affect the quality of life and the ability to work of women. Uterine fibroids are the most common benign neoplasm in women of reproductive age. This article discusses the key issues of the etiopathogenesis of uterine fibroids. Uterine fibroids are a monoclonal hormone-sensitive neoplasm and are the most common tumour of the reproductive organs of women. The pathogenesis and developmental mechanisms of uterine fibroids today are complex and not fully understood. Perhaps the underlying theory is the ‘clonal expansion of uterine fibroids’, it is the clonal expansion that initiates the processes of neoangiogenesis, activated by tumor growth. Although to this day there remain many controversial and unresolved issues.
Analysis of the Results of ECG and EchoСG of Newborns With Interatrial Communications
Authors: Mokina E. , Naumenko E. , Kumanyaeva D. , Rakhmatullina M. , Surgaeva E.
Published: April 2019

The birth of children with congenital heart disease is a serious problem due to the risk of infant mortality. Clinically, the atrial septal defect belongs to the low manifest defects. The severity of its symptoms depends on the size and location of the defect, as well as, to a greater extent, on the duration of the defect and the development of secondary complications. This situation dictates the need for early diagnosis of this congenital heart disease, dynamic observation, timely treatment, which determines the relevance of this study. In this article, we tried to analyze and evaluate in detail the results of ECG and EchoCG of newborns with interatrial communications. We carried out a retrospective analysis of 94 case histories of full-term newborns who are undergoing inpatient examination and treatment in the hospital of the city of Saransk for the period from December 2016 through March 2018. In the course of our study, it was found that the ECG study does not reveal specific signs suggesting the presence of MPS. Nevertheless, attention should be paid to the position of the electrical axis of the heart, the presence of signs of overloading of the right heart, especially the right ventricle. When EchoCG is studied in newborns with MPS, and more often with MPS sizes greater than 4 mm, an increase in the right ventricle and thickening of its anterior wall are diagnosed.
Nonequilibrium transitions, chaos, and chimera states in exciton–polariton systems
Authors: Gavrilov S S
Published: April 2019

The review is devoted to exciton polaritons, short-lived Bose particles which are optically excited in semiconductors and form macroscopically coherent states under conditions of coherent and resonant external driving. The interaction of polaritons results in multistability, spontaneous breaking of spin and spatial symmetries, self-pulsations, and pattern formation. As a result of symmetry breaking, paradoxical ‘chimera states’ can arise in which ordered and chaotic subsystems co-exist and in some way complement each other.
Theoretical Considerations for a Geosynchronous, Earth-Based Gravity Wave Interferometer
Authors: Griffin William
Published: April 2019

We investigated theoretical considerations in the design of an Earth-based laser interferometer for detecting gravitational waves. Our design envisages a ground-based tracking station in communication with two geosynchronous satellites. We assumed linearized gravitational waves in a Schwarzschild spacetime geometry outside the Earth. Our initial calculations show that such a design is sufficiently sensitive to successfully detect gravitational waves near Earth.
Design, Construction and Testing of a Desktop Supersonic Wind Tunnel
Authors: Rapp Vi , Jacobsen Jennifer , Lawson Mark , Parker Andrew , Chen Kuan
Published: April 2019

A mobile and affordable, miniature wind tunnel to aid students in studying high-speed compressible flows was constructed and tested. Millimeter-sized nozzles of different contours were fabricated to produce supersonic flows at Mach 2. The complete system consists of a converging-diverging nozzle, a load cell, pressure and temperature sensors, a tank to store high-pressure gases, and a computer-aided data acquisition system. The wind tunnel system is mounted to a cart, making it convenient to move. This test facility allows students to study and test supersonic flows in a safer environment while eliminating the high costs for a full-sized facility. Gas pressure was measured at various locations in the nozzle. A load cell consisting of four cantilever beams was constructed and used to determine the thrust of the nozzle. Data collected from each nozzle was compared to numerical simulations. In all cases, the simulations were in good agreement with the experimental data.
Optimization of the Split-Operator Method for Modeling of Quantum System Time Evolution
Authors: Vlasov D
Published: April 2019

A continuing and important problem in modeling physical processes deals with creating optimum calculation algorithms. These algorithms should provide the necessary precision yet not demand a lot of storage and time for evaluations. In the present paper the numerical integration of the non-stationary Schrödinger equation (NSSE) is considered. There are many numerical methods of integration of this equation to the present moment. In this paper, we explore the split-operator method (SOM) and consider a way of lessening time computing expenses in view of specificity of the given method. We also consider the choice of optimum discretization steps in coordinate and momentum space. The computer application that we outline is applicable, in method and preparation, to the solution more difficult problems, and it has been applied to simple chemical reactions. We use standard atomic units to simplify equations in the analysis that follows.
Computer-Mediated Communication: Development of an Intranet for a University Academic Department
Authors: Laoye Oyenike
Published: April 2019

The Intranet has been said to be one of the most important technological developments in Computer Communications. Whilst it is now a common, rapidly growing resource in the business world for the dissemination of information, it is yet to be fully explored in educational institutions. Intranets have an enormous potential to transform education in interesting and challenging ways as they offer an exciting approach for improving and facilitating innovative ways of supporting communication and also for accessing teaching and learning resources. This paper discusses the importance and usefulness of Computer-Mediated Communication in the enhancement of human communications and the focus is on the application of the Intranet (a form of Computer-Mediated Communication) in the context of campus-based university education. This is illustrated by means of a case study and a realistic example i.e. the development of an Educational Intranet (CS.IntraNet) for the Department of Computer Science, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
Aggregation of Cyanine Dye in Bilayer Vesicles of Phospholipids
Authors: McCullough Casey , Heywood Matthew , Samha Hussein
Published: April 2019

The effect of phospholipid, 1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-Phosphocholine (DPPC) on the spectroscopy of the cyanine dye, 1-ethyl-1’-octadecyl-2,2’-cyanine iodide (PIC-18), has been investigated using UV-Vis spectroscopy. Vesicles of DPPC containing PIC-18 in the molar ratio of 1:3 (dye/phospholipids) were prepared in aqueous solution. J-aggregates of PIC-18 were detected in the bilayer wall of the vesicles. When an aqueous solution of mixed PIC-18/DPPC vesicles is treated with excess DPPC vesicles that are prepared separately, the dye molecules in the mixed vesicles underwent a rapid (aggregate)n' n(monomer) equilibrium as the appearance of only one isosbestic point in the absorbance of the dye indicates. The equilibrium constant was calculated at room temperature (Keq = 6.7x10-2). An aggregation number of 4 was calculated for the dye in the bilayer vesicles.
JAR1, a Dominant Gene Conferring Resistance to Amphotericin B in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Iwema Joyce , Force Katherine , Pals-Rylaarsdam Robin
Published: April 2019

Infectious diseases are the cause of death for over 1 million people a year in the United States alone. Drug resistance in infectious microbes is an increasing problem. This study focuses on antibiotic resistance in fungal infections, using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as the model of study. Spontaneous mutations in this yeast resulted in a yeast strain with the ability to grow in the presence of the antifungal drug amphotericin B. This yeast isolate, named JAR1, was genetically analyzed to determine how many mutated genes were responsible for the resistant phenotype, and whether the allele was dominant or recessive. The results indicate that the ability of JAR1 to grow in the presence of amphotericin B is due to a single dominant mutation.
Construction of Higher Orthogonal Polynomials Through a New Inner Product, ‹·,·›p, In a Countable Real Lp-space
Authors: Oyadare Femi
Published: April 2019

This research work places a new and consistent inner product ‹·,·›p on a countable family of the real Lp function spaces, proves generalizations of some of the inequalities of the classical inner product for ‹·,·›p provides a construction of a specie of Higher Orthogonal Polynomials in these inner-product–admissible function spaces, and ultimately brings us to a study of the Generalized Fourier Series Expansion in terms of these polynomials. First, the reputation of this new inner product is established by the proofs of various inequalities and identities, all of which are found to be generalizations of the classical inequalities of functional analysis. Thereafter two orthogonalities of ‹·,·›p (which coincide at p = 2) are defined while the Gram-Schmidt orthonormalization procedure is considered and lifted to accommodate this product, out of which emerges a set of higher orthogonal polynomials in Lp[-1,1] that reduce to the Legendre Polynomials at p = 2. We argue that this inner product provides a formidable tool for the investigation of Harmonic Analysis on the real Lp function spaces for p other than p = 2, and a revisit of the various fields where the theory of inner product spaces is indispensable is recommended for further studies.
A Joint Source-Channel Steganography Decoding Paradigm and It’s Implications on Capacity
Authors: Saaem Ishtiaq , Man Hong
Published: April 2019

Steganography has become extremely popular lately as a means of achieving security for many multimedia applications. However, research on stego-attack mechanisms has also kept pace with this development. Robustness to such stego-attacks usually requires a compromise in stego-capacity. In this paper we propose a joint source-channel coding paradigm for attack robustness with small overhead. We test our framework using a least significant bit based embedding algorithm and random additive attacks. Our results lead us to believe that the joint source-channel coding paradigm has significant potential in this area.
Explicit Solutions of the Wave Equation on Three Dimensional Space-Times: Two Examples with Dirichlet Boundary Conditions on a Disk
Authors: Boykis Daniel , Moylan Patrick
Published: April 2019

We study solutions of the wave equation with circular Dirichlet boundary conditions on a flat two-dimensional Euclidean space, and we also study the analogous problem on a certain curved space which is a Lorentzian variant of the 3-sphere. The curved space goes over into the usual flat space-time as the radius R of the curved space goes to infinity. We show, at least in some cases, that solutions of certain Dirichlet boundary value problems are obtained much more simply in the curved space than in the flat space. Since the flat space is the limit R → ∞ of the curved space, this gives an alternative method of obtaining solutions of a corresponding problem in Euclidean space.
Reliability of Water Quality Test Strips for Field Measurement of Nutrients Essential for Developing Mosquito Larvae
Authors: Isbell Forest , Mercer David , Iqbal Mohammad
Published: April 2019

We tested the reliability of water quality test strips for field-analysis of nitrate and phosphate against laboratory-based standard methods for water samples drawn from a variety of natural and artificial sites used by mosquito larvae for development. Nitrate test strip measurements were compared with those from ion chromatographic analysis and an ion-selective electrode. Phosphate test strip measurements were compared to laboratory persulfate digestion followed by an ascorbic acid colorimetric assay. It was concluded that while the standard methods were the most reliable, nitrate-sensitive test strips were acceptable for measuring moderate nitrate concentrations, but phosphate-sensitive test strips were not reliable in measuring the forms of phosphorus available to mosquito larvae.
Electrochemical Behavior of Hexacyano Iron (III/II) in Frozen Aqueous Electrolytes
Authors: Books Leslie , Harris Cherie , Kasem Kasem
Published: April 2019

Electrochemical studies in phases that have been solidified by freezing were carried out. A 5 mM [Fe(CN)6]-3/-4 [Hexacyano Iron(III/II)] in either aqueous 0.1M KCl or in Agar gel containing 0.1 M KCl Agar were the two phase systems subject to this study. Formation of pristine ice crystals (salt free) in pure aqueous electrolyte explains smaller ΔEp recorded in frozen agar than that in absence of Agar. Furthermore, greater capacitive current was observed in frozen agar compared to that in frozen aqueous electrolyte. The results also indicates that while a liquid-like layer (≈ 4 time the value of √2Dt) is formed in frozen aqueous electrolyte at electrode/ electrolyte interface, opposite observation were recorded in frozen agar electrolyte. This evident from the thin-layer electrochemical outcome generated in frozen electrolyte, and low diffusion coefficient determined under these conditions. Deviations from the liquid state behavior at room temperature were explained on the assumption that freezing created conditions similar to those caused by application of high pressure on liquid electrochemical systems. Some kinetic data related to these systems were determined and recorded.
Studies of E. coli and Coliform Bacteria Contamination in Mussels (Geukensia demissa) Collected from Guion Creek and Its Correlation to Water Flow Rate
Authors: Persad Pretima , Yeung-Cheung Anna
Published: April 2019

Ribbed mussels (Geukensia demissa) were collected from a highly contaminated Guion Creek, Mamaroneck Harbor, NY and were compared with Harbor Island Park and Shore Acres Beach, for amounts of bacteria. Mussels were also collected from a pristine beach, Read Sanctuary, Rye. The water flow rate was measured at all sites. The results showed that the amount of E. coli and coliform bacteria recovered from mussels were significantly higher in Guion Creek and its water flow rate was significantly lower when compared to three other sites. On the contrary, the highest water flow rate and lowest amounts of bacteria were recovered from mussels collected at Read Sanctuary. A negative correlation of water flow rate with amounts of E. coli and coliform recovered from mussels at all sites was found. Results suggested that a slow water flow rate in Guion Creek might be one of the contributing factors to the high bacterial loads.
Some Results on the Variation of Composite Function of Functions of Bounded d Variation
Authors: Soltanifar Mohsen
Published: April 2019

In this paper we discuss conditions under which the composite function of two functions of bounded d variation is also of bounded d variation.
Survey of Nitrogen Isotopes of Lepomis macrochirus (Blue Gill) from Kentucky Lake Reservoir and Ledbetter Creek, Kentucky
Authors: Cripps Rebecca , Kipphut George
Published: April 2019

Previous research has shown stable isotope ratios of nitrogen in fish and other animals may vary depending on their food source. Ecologists have had some success in determining feeding and trophic relationships within an ecosystem using stable isotopic ratios. In this study, nitrogen stable isotopic ratios were measured in populations of Lepomis macrochirus (Blue Gill) in Kentucky Lake Reservoir and in a small tributary, Ledbetter Creek, in western Kentucky. The nitrogen isotopic ratios between these populations were statistically different. Even though fish are able to migrate freely between the two environments, the isotopic results suggest that the Lepomis macrochirus in Ledbetter Creek were spending enough time feeding in that environment to alter their isotopic signature. These results may lead to a better understanding of how Lepomis macrochirus utilize both stream and reservoir environments.
Comparison of Biochemical and Chemical Digestion and Detection Methods for Carbohydrates
Authors: Miloski Katie , Wallace Kelly , Fenger Ashley , Schneider Ellen , Bendinskas Kestas
Published: April 2019

There is a multitude of chemical and biochemical detection methods for sugars. Which ones would be most practical in an undergraduate laboratory setting? How to best detect non-reducing disaccharides? How to make such lab fun for students to perform? After trying several spectrophotometric methods, it was found that chemical detection by dinitrosalicylic acid and biochemical detection by hexokinase/glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase reagent are most appropriate. Sucrose, a non-reducing disaccharide was digested chemically with hydrochloric acid and biochemically with invertase. It was concluded that chemical detection and biochemical detection compliment each other. Chemical digestion method was preferred over the digestion by invertase. These methods were applied for testing the validity of sugar ingredients printed on drink labels as well as the measurement of sugar levels in ripening bananas at two different conditions. The comprehensive comparison of these methods and the detection of sugar concentrations in interesting samples might serve as a basis for an undergraduate chemistry laboratory.
Material Point Method Investigations of Trauma to Fluids and Elastic Solids Due to Finite Barriers
Authors: Dean J , Roth M , Gray Paul
Published: April 2019

A Material Point Method (MPM) algorithm is developed and utilized to investigate how the dynamics of (Langrangian) Navier-Stokes fluids as well as that of elastic solids is affected by trauma due to finite barriers. For the fluid simulations, material point particles are placed in a two dimensional pipe with various initial and boundary conditions and stationary perturbations to fluid flow. Results show that eddy currents are present not only in the wake of the perturbing object but are also responsible for disruption of laminar flow upstream from the barrier. An unfortunately relevant application for sudden finite trauma to an elastic solid involves simulations of an aircraft striking a large building under varying system conditions. The work presented here is introductory in nature; the potential ramifications and importance of continued study is discussed and emphasized.
Studies on the Epiphallus and spermatheca in some species of the genus Acrotylus (Acridoidea: Orthoptera) of Pakistan
Authors: Bughio Barkat Ali , Sultana Riffat , Rahoo Ali Murad
Published: April 2019

The study of Acridoidea is one of the significant work  for the aim of insects systematic process. This Order Orthoptera comprised of insects with paurometabolus type metamorphosis,including grasshoppers,Crickts and locusts.During present work five species and subspecies of the genus  Acrotylus were observed namely Acrotylus humbertianus (Saussure), A. insubricus insubricus (Scopoli) A. patruelis(Herrich-Schaffer) A. longipes longipes (Charpentier) and A. longipes subfasciatus . The spermatheca is an organ playing a key role in insect reproduction, it allowing the  storage of spermatozoa and making them available when it needed, More ever there is information about the genitalia of these grasshoppers .Where as some information is present in the literature on morphology of species of the genus Acrotylus (Fieber).At present my studies expose the diagnostic characters of  epiphallus and Spermatheca that have useful value for the purpose of accurate identification.  Epiphallus with  moderately wide bridge, narrow ancorae and bilobate lophi. Spermatheca is a coiled duct of ectodermal origion. It is of  varying sizes and shapes. The spermatheca well dilates to form a sac like structure, for storing  the spermatozoa which enter during  copulation. Where as this study will provide  the beneficial support for new research workers in future.
Computations of Magnetic Forces in Multipole Field Electromagnetic Launcher
Authors: Kondamudi Srichandan , Pasumarthi Mallikarjuna Rao
Published: April 2019

Multipole Field Electromagnetic Launchers (MFEML) is one of the radial electromagnetic launching mechanisms, which can propel a payload for long distances. This paper proposes formulae for inductance based on the magnetic flux distribution in the coils of MFEML. Flux lines flow is sectionalized, for each section reluctance formulae is derived based on the position of the projectile. Based on the principles of the Lorentz equation, magnetic forces are calculated. This paper presents an electrical and magnetic equivalent circuit of MFEML. The velocity and force characteristics are obtained for the proposed formulae. The results are validated using Finite element analysis.
Mechanism of Formation of Industrial Enterprise Development Strategy in the Information Economy
Authors: Kwilinski Aleksy
Published: April 2019

In the context of the information economy, industrial enterprises face the challenge of adapting their development strategies to align with global transformations in production, marketing, and management. This adaptation is essential for maintaining competitiveness and fostering sustainable growth. However, existing development strategies often fall short of addressing the complexity of integrating modern business process management systems with traditional enterprise structures. The main gap lies in the lack of a comprehensive mechanism that harmonises specialised business processes with overarching management systems and incorporates advanced technologies for automation and informatisation. The aim of this study is to develop a robust mechanism for formulating a development strategy for industrial enterprises that aligns with the demands of the information economy. The proposed approach is grounded in a model that ensures the harmonisation of specialised business processes with business process management practices, facilitates the integration of these systems into the general management framework of an enterprise, and utilises informatisation and automation to enhance efficiency. The methodology involves a combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis to assess existing management practices and to design a model capable of harmonising business processes within an enterprise. Empirical data were collected from industrial enterprises, and the analysis focused on the impact of the proposed mechanism on various performance indicators, such as competitiveness, sales growth, and cost reduction. The results indicate that the implementation of the developed mechanism enhances the overall competitiveness of industrial enterprises, increases sales, and reduces production costs. The findings contribute to the understanding of how integrated business process management can be effectively adopted in the information economy. In the discussion, the study emphasises the practical implications of the proposed mechanism and how it can be adapted across different industrial sectors. The conclusions underscore the necessity for continuous adaptation and innovation in management strategies to align with technological advancements. Future research should explore the scalability of this model across various types of industrial enterprises and examine its long-term impact on organisational growth and resilience.
Revealing a Highly Dynamic Cluster Core in Abell 1664 with Chandra
Authors: Calzadilla Michael S. , Russell Helen R. , McDonald Michael A. , Fabian Andrew C. , Baum Stefi A. , Combes Françoise , Donahue Megan , Edge Alastair C. , McNamara Brian R. , Nulsen Paul E. J. , O’Dea Christopher P. , Oonk J. B. Raymond , Tremblay Grant R. , Vantyghem Adrian N.
Published: April 2019

We present new, deep (245 ks) Chandra observations of the galaxy cluster Abell 1664 (z = 0.1283). These images reveal rich structure, including elongation and accompanying compressions of the X-ray isophotes in the NE–SW direction, suggesting that the hot gas is sloshing in the gravitational potential. This sloshing has resulted in cold fronts, at distances of 50, 110, and 325 kpc from the cluster center. Our results indicate that the core of A1664 is highly disturbed, as the global metallicity and cooling time flatten at small radii, implying mixing on a range of scales. The central active galactic nucleus (AGN) appears to have recently undergone a mechanical outburst, as evidenced by our detection of cavities. These cavities are the X-ray manifestations of radio bubbles inflated by the AGN and may explain the motion of cold molecular CO clouds previously observed with the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA). The estimated mechanical power of the AGN, using the minimum energy required to inflate the cavities as a proxy, is

erg s−1, which may be enough to drive the molecular gas flows, and offset the cooling luminosity of the intracluster medium, at

erg s−1. This mechanical power is orders of magnitude higher than the measured upper limit on the X-ray luminosity of the central AGN, suggesting that its black hole may be extremely massive and/or radiatively inefficient. We map temperature variations on the same spatial scale as the molecular gas and find that the most rapidly cooling gas is mostly coincident with the molecular gas reservoir centered on the brightest cluster galaxy’s systemic velocity observed with ALMA and may be fueling cold accretion onto the central black hole.
The SAMI Galaxy Survey: Kinematic Alignments of Early-type Galaxies in A119 and A168
Authors: Jeong Hyunjin , Kim Suk , Owers Matt S. , Joo Seok-Joo , Kim Hak-Sub , Lee Woong , Lee Youngdae , Sande Jesse van de , Lee Jaehyun , Yi Sukyoung K. , Croom Scott M. , Bryant Julia J. , Rey Soo-Chang , Brough Sarah , Oh Sree , Scott Nicholas , Tonini Chiara , Medling Anne M. , Sweet Sarah M. , Bland-Hawthorn Joss , Konstantopoulos Iraklis S. , Lawrence J. S. , Richards Samuel N.
Published: April 2019

We investigate the kinematic alignments of luminous early-type galaxies (M

r
 ≤ −19.5 mag) in A119 and A168 using the kinematic position angles (

) from the Sydney-AAO Multi-object Integral-field spectrograph (SAMI) survey data, motivated by the implication of the galaxy spin alignment in a cosmological context. To increase the size of our sample for statistical significance, we also use the photometric position angles (

) for galaxies that have not been observed by SAMI, if their ellipticities are higher than 0.15. Our luminous early-type galaxies tend to prefer the specific position angles in both clusters, confirming the results of Kim et al., who recently found the kinematic alignment of early-type galaxies in the Virgo cluster based on the ATLAS
3D
 integral-field spectroscopic data. This alignment signal is more prominent for galaxies in the projected phase-space regions dominated by infalling populations. Furthermore, the alignment angles are closely related to the directions of the filamentary structures around clusters. The results lead us to conclude that many cluster early-type galaxies are likely to be accreted along filaments while maintaining their spin axes, which are predetermined before cluster infall.
Systematic analysis of the frequently amplified 2p15-p16.1 locus reveals PAPOLG as a potential proto-oncogene in follicular and transformed follicular lymphoma
Authors: KURŞUN Deniz , KÜÇÜK Can
Published: April 2019

Transformed follicular lymphoma (tFL) originates from histological transformation of follicular lymphoma (FL), which is
the most common indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma. High-resolution genomic copy-number analysis previously identified frequent
amplification of the 2p15-p16.1 locus in FL and tFL cases. The genes (i.e. BCL11A, PAPOLG, PUS10, and USP34) in this amplified
locus have not been systematically investigated to date in terms of their role in FL pathogenesis or transformation to tFL. Here we
investigated the relationship between amplification and expression of genes in 2p15-p16.1 as well as their expression after histological
transformation. NCBI GEO SNP array and gene expression profile (GEP) data of tFL cases were analyzed to evaluate the relationship
between amplification and mRNA expression. Moreover, transcript levels of these four genes in FL cases were compared with those
of patient-matched tFL cases and normal B-cells. Amplification of the 2p15-p16.1 locus is associated with increased transcription of
BCL11A and PAPOLG in tFL cases, of which the latter showed increased expression after histological transformation. Compared with
the level in normal B-cells, PAPOLG was significantly overexpressed in FL cases, but expression levels of the other three genes did not
show any significant difference. Altogether these results suggest that PAPOLG may be the most critical gene in terms of transformation
to tFL.
La préface en philosophie : une approche discursive
Authors: Cossutta Frédéric
Published: April 2019

En mobilisant certaines catégories élaborées dans le cadre de ma conception de l’Analyse du Discours philosophique, je m’attache à montrer, sur un objet apparemment secondaire, les préfaces et texte liminaires en philosophie et sciences humaines, la fécondité de cette méthode. Je déplace l’analyse descriptive et typologique des seuils, élaborée par Genette, au profit de l’étude pragmatique d’un « agir préfacier » déterminant pour l’auto-constitution des discours théoriques. Les préfaces opèrent certaines transactions discursives permettant de surmonter le risque de tensions entre les contraintes liées aux visées de vérité et celles qui relèvent de visées communicationnelles. Elles relient en boucle le texte à son contexte et à son cotexte, négocient le mode d’inscription simultané de l’auteur et du lecteur ainsi que les conditions de la lecture, configurent l’organisation interne du livre, relient opus et corpus et contribuent à donner à une doctrine la forme de l’œuvre, voire du chef-d’œuvre.