bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uwagi na temat ewangelizacji
Authors: Tranda Zdzisław
Published: June 2020

The author affirms the need for new evangelization. He claims however that it should focus on internal spiritual dimensions rather than simply on increasing the number of people brought up into evangelization. To evangelize others means to preach either inside a given church or outside it. The former turns out to make people live through the religion, they have been brought up, in the later should consist in preaching the gospel and some general ideas inherent to Christianity. Those who do not belong to any church should have a free choice as for their religious commitments. The goal of evangelization in this sense is to overcome a fear of death, to help others to acquire deeper understanding of the Bible and to reach them how to be an active and self-effacing Christian.
O bezwstydzie
Authors: Skarga Barbara
Published: June 2020

This moralising essay indicates some specific, negative phenomena of our everyday life, which (however impenetrable for an univocal moral valuation) remain characteristic to the moral crisis of contemporary democratic systems. “Immodesty and baseness”, traced by the author, seem to be located somewhere on the cross-roads of an ethical and aesthetic valuation. There is something “disgusting” in the more and more ruthless violation of the right of privacy by media just to satisfy plebeian curiosity. There is something disgusting in the cynicism of the politicians: their statements, poses, behaviour don’t harm anybody in direct way and don’t openly break the moral rules, but in fact they impair a human dignity.
Fizykalizm jako źródło relatywizmu w etyce
Authors: Zwoliński Zbigniew
Published: June 2020

The main objective of this paper is to show that contemporary physicalism in its various forms constitutes the ground for cynicism, relativism and nihilism which plague both the present moral life and theory. Physicalism is understood as a view according to which the so called laws of physics are considered to be the sole, objective and true laws of the entire reality. Its basic concepts develop parallel to the development of the concepts of physics and effect human attitudes in morals, politics, economy, etc. In effect, it tends to blur, or even to totally erase the border between what is physically possible and what is allowed from the moral point of view thus jeopardizing the very core of human and specifically interpersonal relations.
Macierzyństwo zastępcze - aspekty moralno-prawne
Authors: Nawrot Oktawian
Published: June 2020

The public controversy over results of modern biological sciences, especially the new reproductive technologies, is accelerating. Undoubtedly, surrogate motherhood is the most controversial of them. For most surrogate motherhood agreements, the gestational mother is expected to give up the child that she has given birth to to the other couple – for this reason surrogate motherhood is found controversial. Moreover, many people think that it is the equivalent of selling children, can be exploitative of the surrogate, and violates a mother’s fundamental right to rise her child. Even altruistic surrogacy is not considered to be moral because women who choose to bear children voluntarily for someone else reap disdain, and are seen as cold, heartless, and mercenary, because they seem to give away their babies. There are also a lot of legal problems. First the answer to the question which woman is the mother must be given: the one who donates her ova or the gestational mother. Furthermore the problem of baby-selling and surrogate motherhood ought to be analysed and compared. In Polish law there is no direct regulation of surrogate motherhood – for this reason foreign legislations yield suggestions. Some suggestions can be taken from Christian, Jewish and Buddhist morality. Undoubtedly the last word belongs to us, but we should not forget the baby and its rights.
Ciała bez duszy
Authors: Roczeń Robert
Published: June 2020

Robert Roczeń
Etyka i nauki społeczne
Authors: Zwoliński Zbigniew
Published: June 2020

Gipson Winter, Elements for Social Ethic. Scientific and Ethical Perspectives on Social Process, wyd. The Macmillan Company, New York, Collier-Macmillan London 1966, s.XVI+304
Ekonomia wolności
Authors: Ostolski Adam
Published: June 2020

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Administración Pública Inteligente: novedades al ecosistema normativo digital de la República Argentina
Authors: Stringhini Antonella
Published: June 2020

El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar el marco normativo que permitió la digitalización de la Administración Pública Argentina. En primer lugar, describir el marco normativo que permitió la transformación digital de la Administración Pública Nacional, entre el año 2016-2017, a partir de la incorporación de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación. En segundo lugar, el marco normativo, entre el año 2018-2019, a partir de la incorporación de inteligencia artificial, automatización y agentes conversacionales. Finalmente, destacar la aplicación del sistema de inteligencia artificial “Prometea” en la Administración Pública y la necesidad de sancionar una Ley de Procedimiento Administrativo Nacional que regule, por un lado, la implementación y desarrollo de los sistemas inteligentes y las competencias de los funcionarios estatales, y por el otro, los derechos de las personas en su relación con la Administración Pública Nacional en la era de las tecnologías emergentes.
Comunicado científico: Debido procedimiento sancionatorio local: La garantía del debido proceso sancionatorio en la ciudad de Rosario
Authors: Silva Carlos Antonio
Published: June 2020

El trabajo plantea como objetivo analizar el alcance que debe reconocerse a la garantía del debido proceso en el procedimiento sancionatorio local, a partir de la regulación del Código de Faltas de la Municipalidad de Rosario y teniendo en cuenta el estándar internacional establecido por nuestro actual Estado de Derechos Humanos con responsabilidad internacional vigente a partir de la jerarquización constitucional de los Tratados de Derechos Humanos incorporados por el art. 75 inc. 22 de nuestra constitución, particularmente la Convención Americana de Derechos Humanos (CADH). Para establecer la vigencia del debido proceso en el procedimiento administrativo sancionatorio, analizamos  en primer lugar, cuales son los estándares actuales de aplicación de este principio, luego revisamos nuestro actual régimen infraccional, previsto en el Código Municipal de Faltas (CMF), Ordenanza 2.783 del 30 de enero del año 1981, para verificar si satisface adecuadamente los estándares del principio del debido proceso administrativo, conforme nuestro actual sistema Convencional de Derechos Humanos con responsabilidad internacional (arts. 8 y 25 CADH).

Iniciamos el trabajo recolectando las ideas fundamentales sobre el procedimiento administrativo, el principio del debido proceso y sus alcances, también abordamos las principales teorías y debates en torno a la naturaleza de las sanciones administrativas. Ademas verificamos la evolución del estándar a partir del reconocimiento como Derecho Humano tutelado en nuestro sistema regional institucionalizado a partir de la Convención Americana de Derechos Humanos y la jerarquización constitucional en virtud del art. 75 inc. 22 CN a partir de 1994 y su evolución jurisprudencial. Finalmente concentramos la mirada en nuestro actual código de convivencia y como regula el procedimiento administrativo sancionatorio, y así poder verificar hasta donde satisface las exigencias actuales de un debido proceso administrativo sancionatorio. Hemos llegado de modo concluyente, a verificar que es un requisito ineludible la aplicación del debido proceso, y la garantía de defensa en el procedimiento sancionatorio, ya sea en el trámite tendiente a verificar la falta, el establecimiento de la sanción adecuada, en las vías impugnativas que garanticen una tutela judicial efectiva, como así también en los actos preparatorios de la acusación. Si bien, nuestro actual sistema de jerarquía constitucional establecido en el art. 75 inc. 22, hace que estos estándares convencionales sean aplicables de pleno derecho en el orden local, igualmente es necesario que se incorporen expresamente en nuestro Código de Faltas. Que mientras se mantenga esta insuficiente descripción de los principios, debemos recurrir al predominio de las normas constitucionales y convencionales, aportes doctrinarios y criterios jurisprudenciales.
El recurso de revocatoria contra decisiones disciplinarias condenatorias y absolutorias en la legislación colombiana
Authors: Riascos Gómez Libardo Orlando
Published: June 2020

El recurso extraordinario de revocatoria retoma los lineamientos previstos en el Código Administrativo de 2011 y reforma los parámetros de la revocatoria prevista en la Ley 1952 de 2019 para las decisiones disciplinarias. Este recurso especial, se estructura (i) como un mecanismo esencial para la defensa de los derechos de las personas que han sido condenadas en un proceso disciplinario, (ii) o bien para aquellas personas que han presentado una queja disciplinaria y la decisión es absolutoria o de archivo definitivo del proceso. El recurso de revocatoria tiene un trámite procesal breve y sumario, causales de configuración, términos procesales preclusivos y decisiones de fondo.
Pengetahuan, sikap dan praktik ibu dalam pemberian makanan sehat keluarga di Kota Semarang
Authors: Shaluhiyah Zahroh , Kusumawati Aditya , Indraswari Ratih , Widjanarko Bagoes , Husodo Besar Tirto
Published: June 2020

Background:  Anemia prevalence among pregnant women in Central Java 2016 was 40.1% and 27.9% among fertile women aged 15-44 years. Anemia among pregnant mothers usually caused by ferrum defficiency due to low nutritional intakes during youth. The provision and processing of food at the family level that carried out mostly by mother were also the factors which related to nutrional problems at family level.Objectives: This study aims to identify mothers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices in providing nutritional food for their family,  pregnant women and children under five years old.  Methods: An explanonatory research with cross-sectional survey has been conducted among mothersin Karanganyar Gunung and Karangayu Semarang. The mothers were selected using systematic random sampling with inclusion criteria were either pregnant or having children under five and willing to participate in this study. Of 200 mothers had participated in this survey.  Data were collected by enumerator using  structure questionnaires which have been validated before. Univariate, Chi-Square and logistic regression tests have been employed to analyze the data.Results: Nearly half of mothers have been categorized as poor practices in providing healthy food for their families (47%). More than half (56%) have good knowledge, but only 45.5% have positive attitudes towards providing healthy food. Mothers’ age (p = 0.048; OR = 0.547), education level (p = 0.042; OR = 0.580) and attitudes of providing healthy food (p = 0.001; OR= 3.138) were the influencing factors on providing healthy food. Conclusion: Mothers with positive attitudes have more likely to provide a healthy food for their families three times higher than those who have negative attitudes. Whilst, mothers who have aged ≥30 years were more likely to have protection (OR < 1) to provide healthy food than those who have aged <30 years. Likewise, mothers who have high education level were more likely to have protection to provide healthy food compare to those who have low education level.
Big data and artificial intelligence in future patient management. How is it all started? Where are we at now? Quo tendimus?
Authors: Mina Ashraf
Published: June 2020

Background

This article is focused on the understanding of the key points and their importance and impact on the future of early disease predictive models, accurate and fast diagnosis, patient management, optimise treatment, precision medicine, and allocation of resources through the applications of Big Data (BD) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare.

Content

BD and AI processes include learning which is the acquisition of information and rules for using the information, reasoning which is using rules to reach approximate or definite conclusions and self-correction. This can help improve the detection of diseases, rare diseases, toxicity, identifying health system barriers causing under-diagnosis. BD combined with AI, Machine Learning (ML), computing and predictive-modelling, and combinatorics are used to interrogate structured and unstructured data computationally to reveal patterns, trends, potential correlations and relationships between disparate data sources and associations.

Diagnosis-assisted systems and wearable devices will be part and parcel not only of patient management but also in the prevention and early detection of diseases. Also, Big Data will have an impact on payers, devise makers and pharmaceutical companies. BD and AI, which is the simulation of human intelligence processes, are more diverse and their application in monitoring and diagnosis will only grow bigger, wider and smarter.

Outlook

BD connectivity and AI of diagnosis-assisted systems, wearable devices and smartphones are poised to transform patient and to change the traditional methods for patient management, especially in an era where is an explosion in medical data.
La biopsia líquida en el manejo del cáncer: una nueva herramienta revolucionaria de la medicina de precisión, aún con limitaciones
Authors: Arechederra María , Ávila Matías A. , Berasain Carmen
Published: June 2020

El término “biopsia líquida” se emplea en contraposición a la tradicional biopsia “sólida” de tejido. Esta técnica permite analizar y aislar el material tumoral presente en fluidos biológicos, lo cual podría abrir un amplio abanico de usos clínicos en el área de la oncología. Entre los fluidos biológicos se encuentran la sangre, la orina, la saliva, el líquido cefaloraquídeo (CSF), el líquido de derrame pleural o la bilis. En estas muestras biológicas se pueden aislar diversos analitos, de los cuales revisaremos los más relevantes en este trabajo: células tumorales circulantes (CTC), ADN tumoral circulante (ctDNA), proteínas, metabolitos y exosomas. Los biomarcadores que se analizarán dependen del analito, el tipo de tumor y la aplicación clínica, e incluyen mutaciones somáticas, deleciones, amplificaciones, fusiones génicas, marcas de metilación de ADN, miRNA específicos, proteínas y metabolitos. En esta revisión se ofrece una descripción general de las características de los analitos y las diferentes metodologías empleadas para su aislamiento. Así mismo, se describen las aplicaciones de la biopsia líquida en el manejo de los pacientes oncológicos, desde la detección temprana del cáncer a la monitorización de la repuesta a terapia en el cáncer avanzado. Finalmente, también se abordan las limitaciones y cuestiones aún por resolver en relación a esta herramienta.
A systematic approach how to build, maintain and use an integrated plant model
Authors: Löwen Ulrich , El Sakka Feras , Schertl Andreas , Fay Alexander
Published: June 2020

The Technical Division “Engineering and Operation of automated plants” of the VDI-/VDE-GMA (German Association of Measurement and Automation) elaborates new approaches for an efficient engineering and operation of equipment and automated plants. Within this Division, technical committee 6.12 “Integrated engineering of automated systems” has analyzed and refined the concept of an integrated plant model over all phases of a plant’s life, since this has the potential to generate high synergy potentials by means of model reuse and early integration. Previous work of the technical committee 6.12 has addressed the changes in the value network from a business perspective. The present contribution describes how an integrated plant model should be built, maintained and used. The approach is explained in a generic way from a usage view, by the description of the system under consideration, the acting technical stakeholders and the activities that can, or must, be carried out. The approach is then elucidated by means of an example.
Multi-agent systems to enable Industry 4.0
Authors: Vogel-Heuser Birgit , Seitz Matthias , Cruz Salazar Luis Alberto , Gehlhoff Felix , Dogan Alaettin , Fay Alexander
Published: June 2020

The discussion paper “I4.0 language: vocabulary, message structure and semantic interaction protocols of the I4.0 language”, published by the working group “Semantics and Interaction of Industry 4.0 Components” of the GMA, also known as UAG of the AG 1 of the platform Industry 4.0 (I4.0), presented a concept for the language between I4.0 components. The main conclusion is: The increasing networking and cooperation of components enable new forms of organization and control. A clear understanding of machine interactions paves self-organized and self-optimized value creation in I4.0. Agent-based systems are an option for the realization of such I4.0 architectures. Due to their features, software agents are particularly well suited for representing I4.0 components and enabling I4.0 interactions. Agents are not only able to understand the necessary machine languages, but also the essential mechanisms for self-organization and self-optimization in value creation. The paper focuses on I4.0 scenarios described by the Platform I4.0 that describes challenges for the industry towards its digital future and demonstrates how emerging challenges in the area of I4.0 can be met with the help of agent-based systems.
Simplified tuning of IMC based modified smith predictor for UFOPDT processes
Authors: Karan Somak , Dey Chanchal
Published: June 2020

A simplified tuning guideline for internal model control (IMC) based modified Smith predictor technique is reported here for unstable lag dominated first-order processes with dead time (UFOPDT). Pole location in right half section of s-plane signifies the unstable behaviour of UFOPDT processes. Mostly, chemical processes like isothermal chemical reactor, bioreactor, dimerization reactor, fluid catalytic cracker etc. are found to be lag dominated and unstable along with considerable time delay. Smith predictor technique based control methodology is considered to be a well-accepted approach for such cases. However, conventional Smith predictor technique is not capable enough for controlling UFOPDT processes. Whereas modified Smith predictor is found to be quite competent in such cases as its design involves more than one controller. Modified Smith predictor structure is capable to provide desirable closed loop response during set point tracking along with the load recovery phases. To mitigate the tuning complexity of multiple controllers involved in modified Smith predictor designing, suggested IMC structure employs single tuning parameter λ i.e. closed loop time constant for all three controllers concerned. Noticeable performance enhancement is reported by the proposed scheme as no overshoot is observed during set point tracking. Moreover, smooth and efficient load rejection behaviour is also obtained. Supremacy of the proposed tuning is established through closed loop performance comparison with others’ reported modified Smith predictor based tuning relations for chemical reactor and bioreactor in terms of performance indices as well as stability margins.
The impact of obesity on self-esteem and academic achievement among university students
Authors: Alghawrien Dua’a , Al-Hussami Mahmoud , Ayaad Omar
Published: June 2020

Background

Previous studies showed that obesity was correlated with many negative social and health outcomes including poor academic achievement and low self-esteem.

Purpose

To determine the prevalence of obesity and to identify the impact of obesity on self-esteem and academic performance among university students.

Method

The study used a correlational design to achieve the study objectives. It was conducted at the University of Jordan (UJ). The study population was all university students in at UJ. A convenience sampling technique was conducted to select 419 students. A self-administered questionnaire was designed to collect data from the sample. The body of the questionnaire was divided into two sections: a demographic data section, and the second section aimed to measure the students’ self-esteem using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (SES).

Results

The response rate in this study was 91.1%. The results showed that 33 students were obese (7.88%), 116 students were overweight (27.68%), 266 students were normal weight (63.48%), and four students were underweight (0.95%). The results showed that there was a significant negative relationship between obesity and self-esteem (total item) (r = −0.231, 0.000*). The results showed that there was a significant negative relationship between obesity and academic achievement (r = −0.131, 0.002).

Conclusion

There was a significant impact of obesity on the self-esteem and academic performance among university students.
The electrochemical degradation of the metronidazole (MNZ) antibiotic using electrochemical oxidation on a stainless steel316 coated with beta lead oxide (SS316/β-PbO2) anode
Authors: Saadi Sommayeh , Moteshaker Parisa Mahmoudpoor , Rokni Seyed Ehsan , Ahmadidoust Ghobad , Farnoodian Narges , Yousefi Arman
Published: June 2020

Metronidazole (MNZ) is one of the pharmaceutical products which is considered as one of the most important pollutants in the environment due to its wide use and resistance to biodegradation. Hence, the purpose of this study is the optimization of the electrochemical degradation of the metronidazole (MNZ) antibiotic using electrochemical oxidation on a stainless steel316 coated with beta lead oxide (SS316/β-PbO2) anode. In the studied electrochemical process, the response surface methodology (RSM) involving a five-level ((pH (A) and electrolysis time (B), current density (C), and MNZ concentration (D)). The central composite design (CCD) was employed for optimizing and modeling of the electrochemical process in the degradation of MNZ. The preparation of SS316/β-PbO2 anode was accomplished using the electro-deposition method. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses were conducted for accurate evaluation and characterization of the coated electrode. The effect of influencing factors on electrochemical degradation of MNZ was studied, and the highest MNZ degradation efficiency was observed to be 98.88% after 120 min under the optimal conditions including the supporting electrolyte concentration of 1.0 g/100 cc, the initial MNZ concentration of 30.1 mg/L, pH of 4 and the current density of 9.99 mA/cm2. The linear regression coefficient (R
2) between experiments and different response values in the model was 0.99. Moreover, the statistical analysis of the results indicated that in the range studied, the most effective parameters in MNZ degradation are MNZ concentration and pH. In general, it can be concluded that the electrochemical process using SS316/β-PbO2 anode can effectively eliminate metronidazole, and it can be considered as an efficient method in the degradation of various pollutants.
Delaunay surfaces expressed in terms of a Cartan moving frame
Authors: Bracken Paul
Published: June 2020

Delaunay surfaces are investigated by using a moving frame approach.
These surfaces correspond to surfaces of revolution in the
Euclidean three-space. A set of basic one-forms is defined.
Moving frame equations can be formulated and studied.
Related differential equations which depend on variables
relevant to the surface are obtained. For the case of
minimal and constant mean curvature surfaces, the coordinate
functions can be calculated in closed form. In the case in
which the mean curvature is constant, these functions can be expressed
in terms of Jacobi elliptic functions.
A pragmatic study of oath swearing in late Anglo Norman and Middle English
Authors: Reed Emily
Published: June 2020

Profanity has attracted much scholarly attention for the reason that swearing, oaths, and insults “manifest language use in its most highly charged state” (Taavitsainen 1997: 815). This article examines the possible functions of swearingper membra Christi[by Christ’s limbs], starting with a particularly revealing example from a group of late medieval pedagogical dialogues, theManières de langage. Taking the perlocutionary reaction to this utterance as a starting point, the wider phenomenon of swearing on the body parts of Christ in both Middle English and Anglo Norman will be explored. This behaviour was initially conceptualised (and widely condemned) as an act of blasphemy, the notion of dismembering Jesus being especially widespread. However, this article also concerns itself with the emotive interjectory function of swearing oaths on God and Christ, and will posit that this behaviour is caught in a long process of pragmaticalisation during the high and late Middle Ages. This research supports the view of a bidirectional channel of influence between Middle English and Anglo Norman, and suggests a similar trajectory of both pragmatic development and language attitudes.
Self-injectivity of semigroup algebras
Authors: Guo Junying , Guo Xiaojiang
Published: June 2020

It is proved that for an IC abundant semigroup (a primitive abundant semigroup; a primitively semisimple semigroup) S and a field K, if K
0[S] is right (left) self-injective, then S is a finite regular semigroup. This extends and enriches the related results of Okniński on self-injective algebras of regular semigroups, and affirmatively answers Okniński’s problem: does that a semigroup algebra K[S] is a right (respectively, left) self-injective imply that S is finite? (Semigroup Algebras, Marcel Dekker, 1990), for IC abundant semigroups (primitively semisimple semigroups; primitive abundant semigroups). Moreover, we determine the structure of K
0[S] being right (left) self-injective when K
0[S] has a unity. As their applications, we determine some sufficient and necessary conditions for the algebra of an IC abundant semigroup (a primitively semisimple semigroup; a primitive abundant semigroup) over a field to be semisimple.
On multivalued Suzuki-type θ-contractions and related applications
Authors: Ali Amjad , Işık Hüseyin , Aydi Hassen , Ameer Eskandar , Lee Jung Rye , Arshad Muhammad
Published: June 2020

In this study, we develop the concept of multivalued Suzuki-type θ-contractions via a gauge function and established two new related fixed point theorems on metric spaces. We also discuss an example to validate our results.
Increased atherogenic index in the general hearing loss population
Authors: Zhang Huai , Wang Dahui , Ma Haiyan , Ren Ying , Li Chenhui , Zheng Yihua , Dai Xiaoming , Yang Lei , Xu Liangwen
Published: June 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of hearing loss with atherogenic index (AI) in the general population.

Methods

A multistage study using cluster random sampling method was conducted in the Zhejiang province from 2016 to 2018. Pure-tone air-conduction hearing thresholds were measured at frequencies of 0.125–8 kHz for each subject. After obtaining their consent, all participants were asked to provide their own plasma lipid data.

Results

A total of 3,414 eligible participants were included, 1,765 (51.7%) were men and 1,649 (48.3%) were women and 1,113 (32.6%) had hearing loss. Ridge regression showed increased AI in subjects with hearing loss. The subgroup with the highest quartile of AI, presenting the highest risk of hearing loss as compared to the lowest quartile, comprised young and middle-aged women. Further analysis revealed that the AI in people with different categories of hearing loss was higher than that in the normal population, except for those with (extremely) severe hearing loss. Moreover, the young and middle-aged women exhibited the most significant correlations between AI and hearing loss.

Conclusion

AI was positively associated with hearing loss in the general population, especially the young and middle-aged women.
Privacy, the Internet of Things and State Surveillance: Handling Personal Information within an Inhuman System
Authors: Henschke Adam
Published: June 2020

The Internet of Things (IoT) is, in part, an information handling system that can remove humans from the information handling process. The particular problem explored is how we are to understand privacy when considering informational systems that handle personal information in ways that impact people’s lives when there is no human operator in direct contact with that personal information. I argue that these new technologies need to take concepts like privacy into account, but also, that we ought also to take these technologies into account to reconsider and perhaps reconceptualise privacy. This paper argues that while an inhuman system like the IoT does not necessarily violate theinterpersonalprivacy of people, if the IoT is used as part of a state surveillance program, apoliticalnotion of privacy may be violated.
Crystal structure of N,N-dimethyl-4-((7-nitrobenzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazol-4-yl)ethynyl)aniline, C16H12N4O2S
Authors: Songhua Chen , Bin Zhang , Xin Chen , Yongqi Liu
Published: June 2020

C16H12N4O2S, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 7.249(2) Å, b = 8.265(3) Å, c = 12.786(4) Å, α = 82.449(11)°, β = 75.210(10)°, γ = 83.977(11)°, V = 732.3(4) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0669, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1726, T = 173.15 K.
Structural elucidation of 1-(3-acetyl-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-methylanthracene-9,10-dione isolated from Bulbine latifolia (L.) Wild, C24H18O8
Authors: Hlangothi Buyiswa G. , Mahanjana Lungelwa , Hosten Eric C. , van Heerden Fanie R. , van de Venter Maryna
Published: June 2020

C24H18O8, monoclinic, P21 (no. 4), a = 7.9654(3) Å, b = 23.6910(8) Å, c = 21.2314(8) Å, β = 96.777(2)°, V = 3978.6(3) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0499, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1320, T = 200 K.
Crystal structure of 2-(3,6-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-4H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-4-yl)-2-oxoethyl acetate, C14H17NO4
Authors: Hoang Minh-Tu , Guo Ke-Liang , Ye Fei
Published: June 2020

C14H17NO4, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.6719(19) Å, b = 13.529(3) Å, c = 11.094(2) Å, β = 112.31(3)°, V = 1342.9(5) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0480, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1422, T = 293(2) K.
NGO Goal-Setting/Attainment and Perceptions of Benefits Derived within the Framework of the UNECOSOC Consultative Status Program
Authors: Mowell Barry
Published: June 2020

The main vehicle in the UN-NGO dynamic is the consultative status program within the UN Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC). Existing literature addresses UN efforts in facilitating formal collaboration with international civil society, but little research has been undertaken to examine macro-scale patterns of NGOs within such collaborations. This study sought to partly address the latter gap in the literature by examining NGO goals and goal/benefit attainment within the UN-ECOSOC consultative status program. The results of a survey sent to a random sample of 10% of all NGOs holding consultative status revealed that (1) a varied range of both extrinsic and intrinsic considerations motivated NGOs to acquire consultative status; (2) NGOs commonly were not achieving their initial goals or otherwise not deriving benefit from the collaboration; and (3) the degree/sense of goal or benefit attainment correlated strongly with the level of accreditation afforded to NGOs, with lower levels of consultative status usually corresponding to lower reported levels of goal/benefit attainment.
Escaping the Network
Authors: Longo Anna
Published: June 2020

We are today agents of a peculiar reality, the global network or the system for automated information production. Our condition in the global network is that of agents of the real, since we all contribute to the coproduction of this ever-evolving process. Nevertheless, I will argue, this reality is but the effect of the adoption of a notion of instrumental pragmatic rationality which denies the existence of any other possible reality as the actualization of different determinations of Reason. While following Deleuze s notion of deterritorialization, I ll show that the real philosophical choice does not concern the introduction of new moves that create differentiations within a universal game, but that it is concerned with the possible abolition of the agency which is instantiated within the collective network.
Correlation between serum homocysteine, Galectin-3 concentration and atrial structural remodeling in atrial fibrillation patients
Authors: Sun Xuhui , Li Xianchun , Liang Guiying , Yu Jian
Published: June 2020

Objective To investigate the correlation between serum homocysteine (Hcy), Galectin-3 concentration and atrial structural remodeling in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients.

Methods Twenty-five patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (PeAF), 24 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PaAF) and 23 healthy controls were included in the present work. All subjects received an echocardiography examination. Serum concentration of Hcy and Galectin-3 were also examined by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).

Results Echocardiography examination demonstrated that there were significant differences for LAD (p=0.002), LVEF (p=0.005) and LVAI (p=0.0001) between the control, PaAF and PeAF groups. However, LVSD and LVDD were not significantly different between the three groups (pall>0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between LAVI and serum Hcy level in both PaAF (rpearson=0.49, p=0.016) and PeAF (rpearson=0.51, p=0.009) groups. The correlation between LAVI and serum Galectin-3 concentration was also statistically significant for PaAF (rpearson=0.54, p=0.006) and PeAF (rpearson=0.60, p=0.001) groups. Using serum Hcy as reference, diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were calculated as 72.00 (95%CI: 50.61-87.93) and 62.50 (95%CI: 40.59-81.20), respectively, with an AUC of 0.68 for PaAF and PeAF. For serum Galectin-3, the sensitivity and specificity values were 64.00 (95%CI:42.52-82.03) and 66.67 (95%CI:44.68-84.37), respectively, with an AUC of 0.68.

Conclusion: Serum Hcy and Galectin-3 were elevated in AF patients and thus may be potential markers of atrial structural remodeling. However, the diagnostic efficacy of PeAF from PaAF was limited by low AUC values.
Statistical characteristics of price impact in high-frequency trading
Authors: Jia Can , Zhou Tianmin , Li Handong
Published: June 2020

Trading volume changes based on market microstructure will impact asset prices, which will lead to transaction price changes. Based on the extended Hasbrouck–Foster–Viswanathan (HFV) model, we study the statistical characteristics of daily permanent price impact and daily temporary price impact using high-frequency data from Chinese Stock Markets. We estimate this model using tick-by-tick data for 16 selected stocks that are traded on the Shanghai Stock Exchange. We find the following: (1) the time series of both the permanent price impact and temporary price impact exist in stationarity and long-term memory; (2) there is a strong correlation between the permanent price impact among assets, while the correlation coefficient of the temporary price impact is generally weak; (3) the time interval has no significant influence on the trade volume and the price change at the tick frequency, which means that it is not necessary to take into account the time interval between adjacent transaction in high-frequency trading; and (4) the bid-ask spread is an effective factor to explain trading price change, but has no significant impact on trade volume.
EGCG modulates PKD1 and ferroptosis to promote recovery in ST rats
Authors: Wang Jianjun , Chen Ying , Chen Long , Duan Yanzhi , Kuang Xuejun , Peng Zhao , Li Conghui , Li Yuanhao , Xiao Yang , Jin Hao , Tan Quandan , Zhang Shaofeng , Zhu Bopei , Tang Yinjuan
Published: June 2020

Background

Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes devastating loss of function and neuronal death without effective treatment. (−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has antioxidant properties and plays an essential role in the nervous system. However, the underlying mechanism by which EGCG promotes neuronal survival and functional recovery in complete spinal cord transection (ST) remains unclear.

Methods

In the present study, we established primary cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs) and a T10 ST rat model to investigate the antioxidant effects of EGCG via its modulation of protein kinase D1 (PKD1) phosphorylation and inhibition of ferroptosis.

Results

We revealed that EGCG significantly increased the cell survival rate of CGNs and PKD1 phosphorylation levels in comparison to the vehicle control, with a maximal effect observed at 50 µM. EGCG upregulated PKD1 phosphorylation levels and inhibited ferroptosis to reduce the cell death of CGNs under oxidative stress and to promote functional recovery and ERK phosphorylation in rats following complete ST.

Conclusion

Together, these results lay the foundation for EGCG as a novel strategy for the treatment of SCI related to PKD1 phosphorylation and ferroptosis.
Predicting Diameter at Breast Height from Stump Measurements of Removed Trees to Estimate Cuttings, Illegal Loggings and Natural Disturbances
Authors: Di Cosmo Lucio , Gasparini Patrizia
Published: June 2020

Predicting diameter at breast height (DBH) of trees from stump information may be necessary to reconstruct silvicultural practices, to assess harvested timber and wood, or to estimate forest products’ losses caused by illegal cuttings or natural disasters (disturbances). A model to predict DBH of felled trees was developed by the first Italian National Forest Inventory in 1985 (IFNI85). The model distinguished between the two broad groups of conifers and broadleaves and used stump diameter as the sole quantitative variable. Using an original dataset containing data from about 1200 trees of sixteen species recorded throughout Italy, we assessed the performance of that model. To improve the prediction of the DBH of removed trees over large areas and for multiple species, we developed new models using the same dataset. Performance of the new models was tested through indices computed on cross-validated data obtained through the leave-one-out method. A new model that performs better than the old one was finally selected. Compared to the old NFI model, the selected model improved DBH prediction for fourteen species up to 31.28%. This study proved that species specification and stump height are variables needed to improve the models’ performance and suggested that data collection should be continued to get enhanced models, accurate for different ecological and stand conditions.
The impact of embryo binucleation depends upon its origin
Authors: Gomes Paim Lia Mara , FitzHarris Greg
Published: June 2020

Preimplantation embryos frequently contain binucleated cells, but reports differ as to whether binucleation affects development and whether such embryos should be used clinically. In this Point Of View article, we propose a possible explanation for this disparity: binucleation can arise by distinct routes, one that produces healthy blastomeres and one that directly threatens embryo viability.
Actividad física y aptitud física en niños del sector urbano y rural de Lebrija, Santander
Authors: Álvarez Diego Fernando , Rangel-Caballero Luis Gabriel
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: Determinar las diferencias entre el sector urbano y rural en los niveles de actividad física y aptitud física de niños escolarizados de un colegio de Lebrija, Santander.Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional analítico de corte transversal en 115 estudiantes (60 niños, 55 niñas) de un colegio de Lebrija, Santander. Se solicitó consentimiento informado a los padres de los participantes del estudio. Para valorar la actividad física se utilizó la Encuesta Mundial de Salud a Escolares, en el caso de la aptitud física fueron utilizados las pruebas de la batería Alpha-Fitness. Las variables fueron analizadas en medidas de tendencia central o frecuencias según su naturaleza. Se utilizó la prueba t de Student, U de Mann Whitney y exacto de Fischer para establecer diferencias estadísticamente significativas.Resultados: El promedio de edad de los participantes fue de 9,78 años (DE 1,16). En cuanto al lugar de residencia, no se presentaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en las variables relacionadas con la aptitud física, aunque los niños del sector rural reportaron mejores niveles de fuerza de prensión manual, fuerza explosiva del tren inferior y capacidad aeróbica. Los participantes del sector urbano reportaron ser más activos físicamente que los del sector rural (p<0,001).   Conclusiones: No se encontró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa según el lugar de residencia en relación con los componentes de la aptitud física. En caso contrario, los niños que viven en el sector urbano reportaron ser físicamente más activos que los niños del sector rural.
Collective Migrations of Drosophila Embryonic Trunk and Caudal Mesoderm-Derived Muscle Precursor Cells
Authors: Sun Jingjing , Macabenta Frank , Akos Zsuzsa , Stathopoulos Angelike
Published: June 2020

Mesoderm migration in the Drosophila embryo is a highly conserved, complex process that is required for the formation of specialized tissues and organs, including the somatic and visceral musculature. In this FlyBook chapter, we will compare and contrast the specification and migration of cells originating from the trunk and caudal mesoderm. Both cell types engage in collective migrations that enable cells to achieve new positions within developing embryos and form distinct tissues. To start, we will discuss specification and early morphogenetic movements of the presumptive mesoderm, then focus on the coordinate movements of the two subtypes trunk mesoderm and caudal visceral mesoderm, ending with a comparison of these processes including general insights gained through study.
Impact of High-Skilled Migration to the UK on the Source Countries (EU8) Economies
Authors: Kasnauskiene Gindrute , Palubinskaite Juste
Published: June 2020

The majority of studies into the economic effects of high-skilled migration focus on aggregate impact on the economic output in the countries of destination. The economic impact of migration of the highly qualified on the economies of the countries of their origin has been examined less. This qualitative research aims to address that gap by identifying the economic effects of high-skilled migration on Central and Eastern Europe, the region which faces many long-term challenges to its economic development. We use the available data from the UK International Passenger Survey for the 2004-2016 period to test whether the outflow of highly qualified workers from the EU8 countries to the UK is detrimental or beneficial for the growth of sending economies in the short and long term. In order to test these hypotheses, econometric time series analysis methods of structural vector autoregression and cointegration were applied. Our results have shown a positive short-term effect of brain outflow on regions’ GDP and wage growth as well as unemployment; on the other hand, we presented empirical evidence in support of the hypothesis of the negative long-term effect of high-skilled migration on EU8 countries’ GDP and wage growth as well as unemployment. These results are fairly robust to imply that a negative view on high-skilled migration from EU8 is broadly consistent with the previous findings of “harmful brain drain” scholars.
Poverty Effects of Remittances: Evidence in CEE Countries
Authors: Butkus Mindaugas , Matuzevičiūtė Kristina , Raupytė Kotryna
Published: June 2020

The countries with a transition economy in the EU have experienced rapid growth of labour migration and remittance flows during the last two decades. Remittances are improving household economic welfare, so it is important to evaluate how these financial flows may affect the poverty situation, as CEE countries are facing levels of poverty and inequality way above the EU average. The paper examines the impact of remittances on poverty, using the panel of seven CEE countries considered as advanced transition economies over the period of 2006-2015. Pooled OLS, fixed effects, random effects, and 3-stage least squared estimators are used to estimate the poverty effects of remittances. The results show that remittances have a significant impact on three out of four poverty measures. Taking into consideration the endogeneity problem, it is estimated that a 10-per cent increase in remittances to GDP ratio will lead to a decline, on average, by 5.5 per cent in poverty headcount, and also by 3.7 per cent in poverty gap and 0.6 per cent in the risk of poverty. These results can be important for defining the policy measures on providing more efficient management of remittances.
Equilibrium and the Adjustment Process in the Number and Scope of Co-operatives in Morocco
Authors: Outla Adil , Hamzaoui Moustapha
Published: June 2020

The paper discusses the government policy that encourages the emergence of co-operatives and analyzes the co-operatives in light of their growth in number. It establishes a static equilibrium and highlights the co-operatives’ adjustment process (dynamic equilibrium).The methodology/approach consists of the development of a theoretical model, using the Nash equilibrium for the co-operative market, and the determination of a static equilibrium. It presents the data which includes variable measurements for the adjustment process for agricultural, artisanal, and fishery co-operatives in order to analyze the stochastic process of entry-and-exit flow of co-operatives. Accordingly, the paper estimates the co-operatives’ growth index speed of adjustment (SOA) as a function of the mean-reversion Ornstein–Uhlenbeck (OU) process.The theoretical results indicate that co-operatives’ earnings depend on the number of co-operatives, market-demand, and the capacity constraint. They also show that the margin for new entrants is a dynamic gap that especially depends on demand, capacity constraint and the profits. The empirical results indicate that co-operatives growth-index process is significantly mean reverting for all sectors, and the speed of adjustment for artisanal co-operatives is significantly higher than for those in agriculture and the fisheries.
The Motivation to Adopt E-commerce Among Malaysian Entrepreneurs
Authors: Koe Wei-Loon
Published: June 2020

E-commerce is important in creating a knowledge society and cashless business environment in the era of the fourth industrial revolution (IR 4.0). However, not all Malaysian entrepreneurs are ready for this digital way of performing business. The e-commerce ecosystem is still less matured, and the e-commerce adoption rate is still low among entrepreneurs of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the factors that influence the entrepreneurs’ motivation to adopt e-commerce. Self-determination theory (SDT) was employed in determining the factors that influence the motivation to adopt e-commerce. This study employed a quantitative research method and surveyed 273 entrepreneurs through self-administered questionnaires. It used multiple regressions analysis to analyse the data and test the hypotheses. Based on the results obtained, it concluded that competence, relatedness and autonomy positively and significantly influenced entrepreneurs’ motivation to adopt e-commerce. Relatedness was found to be the most important factor, followed by autonomy and competence. This study contributed to entrepreneurship literature by applying SDT in understanding entrepreneurs’ motivation in e-commerce adoption. It also shed light on the importance of individual psychological factors in decision making among entrepreneurs. The study suggested that building a strong connection among the entrepreneurs, providing freedom to business operations and developing knowledgeable entrepreneurs are some crucial steps in motivating entrepreneurs to adopt e-commerce, especially in a developing country like Malaysia.