bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Card game analysis for fast multi-criteria decision making
Authors: Sangiorgio Valentino , Di Pierro Beatrice , Roccotelli Michele , Silvestri Bartolomeo
Published: April 2021

Multi-criteria decision methods are very popular in decision-making for many application fields thanks to their versatility and ability to involve qualitative and quantitative data in the analysis. On the other hand, the many of these techniques requires time consuming analysis and the involvement of expert users in the decision-making process. In this paper, a novel method named Card Game Analysis (CGA) is proposed to perform Multi-criteria Decision Making (MCDM) analysis. Such methodology uses a set of cards and a suitable game procedure to perform the analysis, allowing to determine indirectly tabulated weights of involved parameters (criteria, sub-criteria, alternatives, etc.) and obtain the ranking of priorities. The CGA is defined following the footsteps of the ``structuring of the problem’’, typical of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and takes inspiration from an evaluation procedure presented in the related literature. In particular, the CGA is composed by the following steps: (1) structuring of the problem, (2) card setting, (3) card game weights evaluation, (4) synthesis of priorities. Finally, a validation through a comparison with the AHP procedure is performed by exploiting 25 case studies regarding the desirability of the enabling technologies of the Industry 4.0 for a set of companies in the Adriatic Ionian area.
How safe is it to use ultrasound in prenatal medicine? Facts and contradictions – Part 2 – Laboratory experiments regarding non-thermal effects and epidemiological studies
Authors: Dudwiesus Heiko , Merz Eberhard
Published: April 2021

The first part of this CME article (issue 5/20) provided a detailed examination of the biophysical effects of ultrasound waves, the exposure values, and in particular the thermal effect. In vivo and in vitro measurements have shown that the temperature increase in tissue associated with B-mode ultrasound is far too low to pose a potential risk. Even experiments with exposure values in the range of pulsed Doppler have shown that temperature increases of over 1.5 °C can only occur in areas in direct contact with the probe, thus making a limited exposure time particularly in the case of transvaginal application advisable. The second part of this CME article describes various laboratory and animal experiments for evaluating non-thermal effects and also presents the most important epidemiological studies in the last 30 years in the form of an overview and review. In addition to direct insonation of isolated cells to examine possible mutagenic effects, the blood of patients exposed in vivo to ultrasound was also analyzed in multiple experiments. Reproducible chromosome aberrations could not be found in any of the studies. In contrast, many experiments on pregnant rodents showed some significant complications, such as abortion, deformities, and behavioral disorders. As in the case of thermal effects, the results of these experiments indicate the presence of an intensity- or pressure-dependent effect threshold. Numerous epidemiological studies examining possible short-term and long-term consequences after intrauterine ultrasound exposure are available with the most important studies being discussed in the following. In contrast to information presented incorrectly in the secondary literature and in the lay press, health problems could not be seen in the children observed in the postpartum period in any of these studies.
Severe Preeclampsia is Associated with Functional and Structural Cardiac Alterations: A Case-control Study
Authors: Kilic Derya , Guler Tolga , Sevgican Cihan Ilyas , Atigan Ayhan , Kilic Oguz , Kaya Derya , Kilic Ismail Dogu
Published: April 2021

Background The aim of the current study is to compare electrocardiographic and echocardiographic changes in patients with severe preeclampsia (PE) and those with uncomplicated pregnancies.

Methods This is a case-controlled prospective study consisting of 21 pregnant women with severe preeclampsia and a control group consisting of age- and gestational age-matched 24 healthy pregnant women. All patients underwent electrocardiographic and echocardiographic investigation.

Results QRS intervals were shorter and PR intervals were longer in the PE group (QRS duration: 80 (60–120) ms and 80 (40–110) ms, p=0.035; PR duration: 160 (100–240) ms and 120 (80–200) ms, respectively; p=0.046). The left ventricular end-systolic diameters of the patients with severe PE group were significantly larger than the control group (31 (24–36) mm and 30 (24–33) mm, respectively; p=0.05). Similarly, posterior wall thickness values of the PE group were significantly higher compared to the control group (9 (7–11) mm vs. 8 (6–10) mm, respectively; p=0.020). Left ventricular mass (146.63±27.73 g and 128.69±23.25 g, respectively; p=0.033) and relative wall thickness values (0.385±0.054 and 0.349±0.046, respectively; p=0.030) were also higher in the PE group. In addition, patients with early-onset severe PE had significantly a higher left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and volume compared with late-onset PE patients.

Conclusions The structural changes detected in the severe PE group suggest a chronic process rather than an acute effect. In addition, diastolic dysfunction and left ventricular remodeling are most marked in patients with severe early-onset PE.
Eine prolongierte Reanimation nach häuslichem Kollaps
Authors: Floerchinger Bernhard , Philipp Alois , Kieninger Martin
Published: April 2021

Diese Kasuistik schildert eine prolongierte Reanimation eines 34-jährigen Mannes nach Herz-Kreislauf-Stillstand im häuslichen Umfeld (out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, OHCA). Nach Kontaktaufnahme zu einem überregionalen Krankenhaus der Maximalversorgung in 100 km Entfernung und Anforderung eines ECMO-Teams per RTH konnte bei dem Patienten nach 88-minütiger Reanimation eine venoarterielle Kreislaufunterstützung etabliert werden. Nach Verlegung des Patienten mit RTH konnte ein akuter Verschluss der rechten Koronararterie interventionell wieder eröffnet werden.
Spontaneous Left Main Coronary Artery Dissection: Case Report
Authors: Mani Krishna S. V. V. , Chakravarthy D. P. Kalyan , Kakroo Shahood Ajaz , Kumar M. Naveen
Published: April 2021

Left main coronary artery (LMCA) dissections may be iatrogenic or spontaneous. Spontaneous coronary artery dissections (SCADs) are common in pregnant women, with predominantly left anterior descending artery (LAD) involvement. In males, coronary artery dissections may happen in alcoholics. Spontaneous LMCA dissection as the cause of myocardial infarction is very rare. We are reporting a case of spontaneous LMCA dissection in a 45-year-old male alcoholic with the involvement of LAD ostium, which resolved spontaneously with conservative management.
ECG—An Axis Dilemma with Tachycardia
Authors: Kale Seema , sekhar Soma , Munjal Amit , Datta S. K. , K. Sharada Sivaram , Chennapragada Sridevi
Published: April 2021

Cardiac arrhythmias are common in acute myocardial infarction (MI), especially in ST elevation MI. Almost 90% of patients develop some form of cardiac arrhythmia in acute MI. Mostly they are benign and transient. Incidence of atrial tachycardia is fairly uncommon in such setting. Most of the arrhythmias disappear after reperfusion. Interpretation of electrocardiograms (ECGs) in emergency becomes even more difficult if there is unusual QRS axis and possibility of arm lead reversal.
kma Entscheider BLOG: #thinknew – Das digitale Kongressformat der Zukunft
Authors: Heiß Tanja
Published: April 2021

Noch ist für 2021 im Gesundheitswesen an reine Präsenzveranstaltungen nicht zu denken. Dabei bietet ein solches Format die Chance, bestehende Kongresse und Netzwerktreffen neu zu denken: User-zentriert, zielgruppengerecht und interaktiv. Welche fünf Fehler sollten unbedingt vermieden werden?
DGIV Nachrichten: Integrierte Versorgung im Spiegel der Pandemie
Authors: Nagel Eckhard
Published: April 2021

Die weltweite Verbreitung der SARS-CoV-2-Epidemie mit ihren schwerwiegenden Erkrankungen und ihrer besonderen Form der Dissemination wirkt im Hinblick auf alle Lebensbereiche wie ein Scheinwerfer, der insbesondere wirtschaftliche, soziale und gesellschaftliche Krisenbereiche hervorhebt. Hierzu gehört zuallererst die Gesundheitsversorgung.
Mapping discrimination in Europe through a field experiment in amateur sport
Authors: Gomez-Gonzalez Carlos , Nesseler Cornel , Dietl Helmut M.
Published: April 2021

Societies are increasingly multicultural and diverse, consisting of members who migrated from various other countries. However, immigrants and ethnic minorities often face discrimination in the form of fewer opportunities for labor and housing, as well as limitations on interactions in other social domains. Using mock email accounts with typical native-sounding and foreign-sounding names, we contacted 23,020 amateur football clubs in 22 European countries, asking to participate in a training session. Response rates differed across countries and were, on average, about 10% lower for foreign-sounding names. The present field experiment reveals discrimination against ethnic minority groups, uncovering organizational deficiencies in a system trusted to foster social interactions.
Genome sequencing and its use in public health responses to COVID-19
Authors: Eden John-Sebastian
Published: April 2021

Human history has been shaped by the heavy burden of infectious disease pandemics. Yet, despite the bitter lessons learned from history, even those in living memory such as the 1918 influenza pandemic and HIV/AIDS epidemic, COVID-19 stands unique in the sudden, immense health and economic impacts to the global human population. While the costs have been great, and the long-term consequences are still being revealed, the urgent need for action has also brought forward rapid developments and innovations to combat COVID-19 and better prepare us for future infectious disease outbreaks. One such area has been the widespread adoption of whole genome sequencing to inform public health responses. Genome sequencing during the COVID-19 pandemic has become key to tracking the spread of SARS-CoV-2 at all scales, to such a degree that terms such as genomics, mutations, variants and clusters are now common vernacular to politicians, health officials and the general public. This article provides a commentary on the genesis and evolution of SARS-CoV-2 genome sequencing, and its critical on-going role in the public health response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Psidium guajava (guava).
Authors: Rojas-Sandoval Julissa , Acevedo-Rodríguez Pedro
Published: April 2021

P. guajava is indigenous to the American tropics, and is now naturalized throughout the tropics and subtropics. It is grown mainly for its fruit, which is usually eaten raw, both green and when ripe, or is also cooked for preserves, jams, juice and guava paste (or 'guava cheese'). P. guajava is an ideal home garden fruit tree due to its hardiness, high yield, long supply season and high nutritive value. It is grown in orchards or incorporated into agroforestry systems in India, and is widely planted (or has spread) in Africa. The potential for developing guava for a larger and wider commercial market appears to be limited, mainly by its short shelf life and its susceptibility to fruit flies. One disadvantage is that P. guajava is an important weed in pastures, where it is difficult to eradicate and leads to land degradation in some Pacific Islands and Central America.
High-temperature oxidation performance of wire-arc additively manufactured Inconel 718 superalloys
Authors: Sujan G. K. , Pan Zengxi , Li Huijun , Liang Daniel , Alam Nazmul
Published: April 2021

This work investigated the high-temperature oxidation kinetics and evolution of oxide phases of as-fabricated (AF) and heat-treated (HT) Inconel 718 alloys in air fabricated by the wire-arc additive manufacturing process. The results showed that the oxidation kinetics of all samples followed the parabolic time dependence. The microstructural study revealed the formation of very similar oxide scales in both AF and HT conditions. The oxide surface was found to be a mixture of complex spinel-MnCr2O4 and rutile-TiO2 phases. The cross-sectional view yielded an outer layer of protective Cr2O3 scale, an inner layer of Nb-rich Ti0.67Nb1.33O4 oxide and discretely formed internal Al2O3 oxides. The mechanism of scale formation is suggested on the basis of thermodynamic and kinetic abilities of cationic species.
Borealin directs recruitment of the CPC to oocyte chromosomes and movement to the microtubules
Authors: Wang Lin-Ing , DeFosse Tyler , Jang Janet K. , Battaglia Rachel A. , Wagner Victoria F. , McKim Kim S.
Published: April 2021

The chromosomes in the oocytes of many animals appear to promote bipolar spindle assembly. In Drosophila oocytes, spindle assembly requires the chromosome passenger complex (CPC), which consists of INCENP, Borealin, Survivin, and Aurora B. To determine what recruits the CPC to the chromosomes and its role in spindle assembly, we developed a strategy to manipulate the function and localization of INCENP, which is critical for recruiting the Aurora B kinase. We found that an interaction between Borealin and the chromatin is crucial for the recruitment of the CPC to the chromosomes and is sufficient to build kinetochores and recruit spindle microtubules. HP1 colocalizes with the CPC on the chromosomes and together they move to the spindle microtubules. We propose that the Borealin interaction with HP1 promotes the movement of the CPC from the chromosomes to the microtubules. In addition, within the central spindle, rather than at the centromeres, the CPC and HP1 are required for homologous chromosome bi-orientation.
Structure versus function: Are new conformations of pannexin 1 yet to be resolved?
Authors: Mim Carsten , Perkins Guy , Dahl Gerhard
Published: April 2021

Pannexin 1 (Panx1) plays a decisive role in multiple physiological and pathological settings, including oxygen delivery to tissues, mucociliary clearance in airways, sepsis, neuropathic pain, and epilepsy. It is widely accepted that Panx1 exerts its role in the context of purinergic signaling by providing a transmembrane pathway for ATP. However, under certain conditions, Panx1 can also act as a highly selective membrane channel for chloride ions without ATP permeability. A recent flurry of publications has provided structural information about the Panx1 channel. However, while these structures are consistent with a chloride selective channel, none show a conformation with strong support for the ATP release function of Panx1. In this Viewpoint, we critically assess the existing evidence for the function and structure of the Panx1 channel and conclude that the structure corresponding to the ATP permeation pathway is yet to be determined. We also list a set of additional topics needing attention and propose ways to attain the large-pore, ATP-permeable conformation of the Panx1 channel.
Enhancing the performance of dielectric elastomer actuators through the approach of distributed electrode array with fractal interconnects architecture
Authors: Burugupally Sindhu Preetham , Koppolu Bhargav , Danesh Negar , Lee Yongkuk , Indeewari Vidisha , Li Bin
Published: April 2021

Dielectric elastomer actuators fabricated from thin and miniaturized metal electrodes integrated with highly soft and stretchable elastomers offer the promise of opening new possibilities in the field of microrobotics. To achieve large displacements O(10−4) m at actuation voltages O(103) V in actuators with thin metal electrodes, the approach of distributed electrode array with fractal interconnects is proposed, where a single large electrode is replaced with an array of N small individual electrodes physically linked together with fractal interconnects. To investigate the effect of distributed electrode array with fractal interconnects on the static and dynamic response of the actuators, elastomer actuators with different electrode arrays—comprised of N ∈ {1,5,13,25} individual electrodes in the shape of circles—are fabricated and characterized. This study shows that the approach of distributed electrode array with fractal interconnects results in achieving large actuator displacements O(10−4) m at high speeds O(100) mm s−1, making these actuators suitable for driving microrobots.
An anti-biofilm material: polysaccharides prevent the precipitation reaction of silver ions and chloride ions and lead to the synthesis of nano silver chloride
Authors: Li Kun , Liu Zhaoxi , Liu Xiaoyu , Wang Lei , Zhao Jiayu , Zhang Xunlian , Kong Yun , Chen Min
Published: April 2021

The formation of biofilm is one of the causes of bacterial pathogenicity and drug resistance. Recent studies have reported a variety of anti-biofilm materials and achieved good results. However, it is still very important to develop some materials with wider application scenarios or higher biofilm resistance. In this study, a new method to rapidly synthesize nano silver chloride with anti-biofilm activity is proposed. It is a generalizable method in which bacterial extracellular polysaccharides are used to adsorb silver ions, thereby inhibiting the formation of white large-size silver chloride precipitates, and then ultraviolet light is used to induce the synthesis of small-sized nano silver chloride. A variety of polysaccharides can be utilized in the synthesis of nano silver chloride particles. The generated complex was characterized by XRD, UV–vis, EDX, FTIR and TEM methods. Further, the novel complex was found to show highly effective anti-biofilm and bactericidal activity within the biosafety concentration. In view of the high stability of nano sliver chloride, we propose that the novel nano material has the potential as a long-term antibacterial material.
The effects of laser pulse length and collisional ionization on the acceleration of titanium ions
Authors: Strehlow J , Kawahito D , Bailly-Grandvaux M , Beg F N , Petrov G M
Published: April 2021

The interaction of a relativistic laser pulse (

>

1018 W cm−2
µm2) with foil targets can accelerate ions to energies of tens of MeV u−1 with optimized laser and target parameters. We report the results on simulations of the interaction of a 6.0 × 1020 W cm−2 laser pulse incident on ultrathin (10–500 nm) titanium foils to investigate the roles of laser pulse duration and ionization mechanisms in the acceleration of titanium ions. While holding peak intensity constant, two laser pulse durations were investigated, 140 and 650 fs. The optimum thickness is dependent on pulse duration, as it requires the concurrence of target transparency with the incidence of the peak laser intensity. The collisional processes do not play a significant role in Ti ion beam generation from the 140 fs laser pulse duration at the optimum thickness (30 nm). However, for the 650 fs laser optimum, collisions improve the conversion efficiency of highly energetic (

>

10 MeV u−1), high charge titanium (Ti21 − 22 +) by a factor of 20, and the titanium ion cutoff energy by ∼15%. This improvement is due to the fact that collisional ionization increases the electron density of the plasma, which delays the time of relativistic transparency, causing collisions to decrease the optimum foil thickness from 150 to 100 nm. Additionally, collisional ionization increases the charge-to-mass ratio of the titanium, and injects more electrons into the accelerating sheath field. At the optimum thickness, target normal sheath acceleration is the dominant mechanism of acceleration, with additional contributions from radiation pressure and shock wave acceleration.
Heisenberg scaling precision in multi-mode distributed quantum metrology
Authors: Gramegna Giovanni , Triggiani Danilo , Facchi Paolo , Narducci Frank A , Tamma Vincenzo
Published: April 2021

We consider the estimation of an arbitrary parameter φ, such as the temperature or a magnetic field, affecting in a distributed manner the components of an arbitrary linear optical passive network, such as an integrated chip. We demonstrate that Heisenberg scaling precision (i.e. of the order of 1/N, where N is the number of probe photons) can be achieved without any iterative adaptation of the interferometer hardware and by using only a simple, single, squeezed light source and well-established homodyne measurements techniques. Furthermore, no constraint on the possible values of the parameter is needed but only a preliminary shot-noise estimation (i.e. with a precision of

N

) easily achievable without any quantum resources. Indeed, such a classical knowledge of the parameter is enough to prepare a single, suitable optical stage either at the input or the output of the network to monitor with Heisenberg-limited precision any variation of the parameter to the order of

1
/

N

without the need to iteratively modify such a stage.
Analysis of biomagnetic blood flow in a stenosed bifurcation artery amidst elastic walls
Authors: Anwar M A , Iqbal K , Razzaq M
Published: April 2021

In recent years, fluid-structure interaction (FSI) analysis has generated remarkable interest of researchers in interdisciplinary sciences problems, for instance, mechanical engineering, biomedical engineering, i.e., incorporating elastic wall behaviour in human arteries. Here, in this paper, we considered incompressible Newtonian blood flow and the elastic bifurcated artery wall in a non-uniform magnetic field. The considered model of Biomagnetic Fluid Dynamics (BFD) describes both magnetization and electrical conductivity of blood. Moreover, an Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) formulation is used by two-way fluid-structure interaction coupling of the problem. Finally, for discretization, a stable

P

2

P

1

finite element pair is employed to approximate the displacement, velocity and pressure spaces independently and the resulting nonlinear algebraic system is linearized by implementing the Newtons procedure. A quantitative analysis is made against Reynolds number Re and Hartmann number Ha on the bifurcated artery amidst elastic walls showing noticeable effects on recirculation. Also, the displacement field is plotted against Ha for different values of Re and their converse behaviour is observed. The decreasing behaviour for the wall shear stresses of the bifurcated artery are also drawn in context of Ha and Re. Finally, the conclusion is drawn at the end showing the significance of the elastic behaviour of artery walls.
Exact Christoffel-Darboux expansions: A new, multidimensional, algebraic, eigenenergy bounding method
Authors: Handy Carlos R
Published: April 2021

Although the Christoffel-Darboux representation (CDR) plays an important role within the theory of orthogonal polynomials, and many important bosonic and fermionic, multidimensional, Hermitian and Non-Hermitian, systems can be transformed into a moment equation representation (MER), the union of the two into an effective, algebraic, eigenenergy bounding method has been overlooked. This particular fusion of the two representations (CDR and MER), defines the Orthonormal Polynomial Projection Quantization—Bounding Method (OPPQ-BM), as developed here. We use it to analyze several one dimensional and two dimensional systems, including the quadratic Zeeman effect for strong-superstrong magnetic fields. For this problem, we match or surpass the excellent, but intricate, results of Kravchenko et al (1996 Phys. Rev. A
54 287) for a broad range of magnetic fields, without the need for any truncations or approximations. The methods developed here apply to any linear, partial differential equation eigen-parameter problem, hermitian or non-hermitian.
Neutrino mass constraints beyond linear order: cosmology dependence and systematic biases
Authors: Boyle Aoife , Schmidt Fabian
Published: April 2021

We demonstrate the impact on forecasted neutrino mass constraints of improving galaxy clustering and CMB lensing predictions from linear to next-to-leading-order power spectra. The redshift-space 1-loop power spectrum model we adopt requires an additional four free bias parameters, a velocity bias parameter and two new stochastic parameters. These additional nuisance parameters appreciably weaken the constraints on M

ν
. CMB lensing plays a significant role in helping to alleviate these degeneracies and tighten the final constraints. The constraint on the optical depth to reionisation τ has a strong effect on the constraint on M

ν
, but only when CMB lensing is included in the analysis to keep the degeneracies with the nuisance parameters under control. We also extract constraints when 1) using the BAO signature only as a distance probe, and 2) isolating the scale-dependence of the power spectrum, which, as shown in previous work, provides a cosmology-independent probe of M

ν
. All constraints except the latter remain strongly sensitive to the assumption of a flat ΛCDM universe. We perform an analysis of the magnitude of the shift introduced in the inferred M

ν
value when neglecting nonlinear corrections, and show that, for a Euclid-like survey, this shift becomes roughly equal to the 1σ constraint itself even with a conservative cut-off scale of k
max = 0.1 h Mpc-1. We also perform a calculation of the approximate expected bias in neutrino mass caused by not including the next, 2-loop order and expect a shift of only about 20% of the 1σ error for k
max = 0.2 h Mpc-1 in a Euclid-like survey.
Density dependence of ion cyclotron emission from deuterium plasmas in the large helical device
Authors: Reman B.C.G. , Dendy R.O. , Akiyama T. , Chapman S.C. , Cook J.W.S. , Igami H. , Inagaki S. , Saito K. , Seki R. , Kim M.H. , Thatipamula S.G. , Yun G.S.
Published: April 2021

Ion cyclotron emission (ICE) driven by perpendicular neutral beam-injected (NBI) deuterons, together with the distinctive ICE driven by tangential NBI, have been observed from heliotron–stellarator plasmas in the large helical device (LHD). Radio frequency radiation in the lower hybrid range has also been observed Saito K. et al (2018 Plasma Fusion Res.
13 3402043), with frequency dependent on plasma density. Here we focus on recent measurements of ICE from deuterium plasmas in LHD, which show substantial variation in spectral character, between otherwise similar plasmas that have different local density in the emitting region. We analyse this variation by means of first principles simulations, carried out using a particle-in-cell (PIC) kinetic approach. We show, first, that this ICE is driven by perpendicular NBI deuterons, freshly ionised near their injection point in the outer midplane edge of LHD. We find that these NBI deuterons undergo collective sub-Alfvénic relaxation, which we follow deep into the nonlinear phase of the magnetoacoustic cyclotron instability (MCI). The frequency and wavenumber dependence of the saturated amplitudes of the excited fields determine our simulated ICE spectra, and these spectra are obtained for different local densities corresponding to the different LHD ICE-emitting plasmas. The variation with density of the spectral character of the simulated ICE corresponds well with that of the observed ICE from LHD. These results from heliotron–stellarator plasmas complement recent studies of density-dependent ICE from tokamak plasmas in KSTAR Thatipamula S.G. et al (2016 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion
58 065003); Chapman B. et al (2017 Nucl. Fusion
57 124004), where the spectra vary on sub-microsecond timescales after an ELM crash. Taken together, these results confirm the strongly spatially localised character of ICE physics, and reinforce the potential of ICE as a diagnostic of energetic ion populations and of the ambient plasma.
Studying and applying magnetic dressing with a Bell and Bloom magnetometer
Authors: Bevilacqua G , Biancalana V , Dancheva Y , Vigilante A
Published: April 2021

The magnetic dressing phenomenon occurs when spins precessing in a static field (holding field) are subjected to an additional strong alternating field. It is usually studied when such extra field is homogeneous and oscillates in one direction. We study the dynamics of spins under dressing condition in two unusual configurations. In the first instance, an inhomogeneous dressing field produces a space-dependent dressing phenomenon, which helps to operate the magnetometer in a strongly inhomogeneous static field. In the second instance, besides the usual configuration with a static and a strong orthogonal oscillating magnetic fields, we add a secondary oscillating field, which is perpendicular to both. The system shows novel and interesting features that are accurately explained and modelled theoretically. Possible applications of these novel features are briefly discussed.
Competitive light beam splitters based on complex interference wedged structures that use low-reflectivity components (Fresnel reflection)
Authors: Nenchev M , Deneva M , Marinova M
Published: April 2021

We demonstrate that interference wedge structures suitably composed of wedged purely glass elements using Fresnel reflection only can be effectively employed for realization of competitive light beam splitters and filters (especially for high-power laser beams). The theoretical analysis, simulation and experimental testing show that for appropriately chosen parameters and for a suitably composed interference complex such structures can achieve a controlled variable transmission in a wide range (99% – ∼30%) and reflection from ∼2% to ∼70%. The traditional realization of purely glass splitters ensures no more than ∼20% reflectivity. The splitters proposed are very compact sheet-like elements (e.g., 5×3×0.2 cm) and the splitting is implemented by sliding in the splitter’s plane. Thus, the propagation direction of the formed beams is preserved. The incident beam on the purely glass splitter (no dielectric or metallic mirrors) can be of high power and the influence of the air humidity is strongly reduced; also, cleaning the filter surfaces presents no difficulties. A single splitter can work in a wide range of wavelengths (IR, visible) without polarization dependence for incident angles up to ∼20°.
Quantitative determination of antimony in archaeological bronze artefacts by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
Authors: Tankova V , Mihailov V , Malcheva G , Penkova P , Leshtakov L
Published: April 2021

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a reliable, fast and micro-destructive diagnostic method for qualitative and quantitative analysis of a variety of materials. In this paper, we report the results of quantitative determination of antimony in four archaeological bronze artefacts analyzed by means of LIBS. For the purpose of this study, an approach of multi-elemental quantitative LIBS analysis is proposed, based on the use of an element with known concentration as an internal standard and measurement of the spectral lines intensities of the internal standard and the element with unknown concentration. An important plasma parameter which is included in the quantitative analysis is the excitation temperature as determined by the Boltzmann plot method. The quantity of antimony in the bronze artefacts obtained by means of the proposed LIBS approach is between 1.49% and 3.13%.
Optical filter based on metal-insulator-metal plasmonic coupled cavities
Authors: Lounis A , Hocini A , Ben salah H
Published: April 2021

In this study, an optical filter based on a plasmonic metal-insulator-metal (MIM) coupled waveguide resonator is simulated and investigated. Using the proposed structure leads to realizing a filter function between targeted wavelengths by manipulating the appropriate geometrical parameters of the resonators. Two-dimensional FDTD-based simulation is implemented to analyze the filter properties. The filter proposed proves to be a potential candidate for highly integrated optical circuit applications.
Machine-learning-based classification of Stokes-Mueller polarization images for tissue characterization
Authors: Sindhoora K M , Spandana K U , Ivanov D , Borisova E , Raghavendra U , Rai S , Kabekkodu S P , Mahato K K , Mazumder N
Published: April 2021

The microstructural analysis of tissues plays a crucial role in the early detection of abnormal tissue morphology. Polarization microscopy, an optical tool for studying the anisotropic properties of biomolecules, can distinguish normal and malignant tissue features even in the absence of exogenous labelling. To facilitate the quantitative analysis, we developed a polarization-sensitive label-free imaging system based on the Stokes-Mueller calculus. Polarization images of ductal carcinoma tissue samples were obtained using various input polarization states and Stokes-Mueller images were reconstructed using Matlab software. Further, polarization properties, such as degree of linear and circular polarization and anisotropy, were reconstructed from the Stokes images. The Mueller matrix obtained was decomposed using the Lu-Chipman decomposition method to acquire the individual polarization properties of the sample, such as depolarization, diattenuation and retardance. By using the statistical parameters obtained from the polarization images, a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm was trained to facilitate the tissue classification associated with its pathological condition.
Electrochemically-stabilized carbon materials for supercapacitor prototypes
Authors: Petrov M , Lovchinov K , Slavov L , Hikov T , Tyutyundzhiev N
Published: April 2021

A study is presented on supercapacitor prototypes using chimney soot as the active electrode material. Despite its highly developed surface and the existence of capacitive properties, some compounds present in chimney soot make it unstable during the charge process. The irreversible electrochemical process leads to anodic oxidation and cathodic reduction of the soot. In this work, chimney soot was treated electrochemically with different electrochemical potentials, thus altering the initial organic compounds in the material; different parts of organic compounds were affected, so that more stable compounds remained, without all functional groups being removed. The altered material was investigated by IR and TEM spectroscopy. Supercapacitor prototypes were subjected to charge-discharge cycles and their capacitances were determined and compared.
Application of optical sensor array in partial discharge signal location of GIS/GIL
Authors: Shiling Zhang
Published: April 2021

The optical sensor array inside the high-voltage equipment can effectively realize the on-line measurement of the high-voltage switch operation state, significantly improve the efficiency and accuracy of SF6 Electrical equipment fault diagnosis, and effectively guarantee the safety and reliability of equipment operation. Firstly, the structure and performance of the micro optical sensor are analyzed, and the system model and data processing unit of the optical sensor array are given. Furthermore, the influence characteristics of single sensor and array sensor Gaussian noise on signal are given, and the noise elimination strategy of observation signal based on Kalman filter is given. The results show that: the optical sensor has a good focusing ability for the optical signal, the light of the sensor array is reflected and propagated many times in the GIS/GIL of the high voltage switch-gear, and the internal partial discharge signal is located more accurately. The research results of this paper can provide important technical support for the GIS/GIL fault monitoring and early warning of the gas insulated electrical equipment on the transmission line.
Research on Picking Route Optimization of Multi-zone Warehouse Based on Traveling Salesman Problem and Simulated Annealing Algorithm
Authors: Peng Wanqing , Guo Siqi , Li Haoxuan
Published: April 2021

The improvement of the national economy has led to the rapid development of e-commerce business, which has caused an explosive growth of warehouse orders. Picking is the core operation of the warehouse, which occupies a lot of time and capital costs. Therefore, optimizing the picking path has become an urgent problem for e-commerce companies to solve. This article calculates the distance matrix based on the characteristics of multi-zone warehouses, establishes a Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) model to process 49 combined orders, and solves the model through the simulated annealing algorithm. In addition, add review stations at different locations to analyze the impact on delivery time. Finally, the optimal picking path, the optimal distribution method of orders, and the time it takes to deliver are obtained. The results indicate that the TSP model combined with the simulated annealing algorithm can optimize the picking path, adding a review station close to the center of the warehouse can reduce the time of delivery, and the model is universal applicability.
Simulation algorithm for crowd evacuation in complex situations based on RVO algorithm
Authors: Wang Weian , Xue Huijie , Zhou Runjia , Chen Xudong , Wang Ziyang
Published: April 2021

In order to better evacuate the crowd and ensure the safety of the crowd’s life and property in emergencies, we designed and developed simulation software for crowds under complex conditions based on the RVO(reciprocal velocity obstacles) algorithm. The system completes crowd simulation, obstacle simulation, evacuation path simulation, crowd collision simulation, supports automatic crowd evacuation and sets special evacuation paths for special crowds. This article focuses on the algorithm part.
Predicting the tendency of stock’s price with factor-cross method based on deep learning
Authors: Zhang Zhujun
Published: April 2021

In this paper, a solution for tendency prediction in the A-share market is presented. In data processing, the problem of non-normal factor distribution is solved by using compound processing method, and the case of non-independent distribution among factors is focused. The DNN Linear Combined Estimator model in Tensor Flow is applied to explore the first-order relationship between these factors. In order to intuitively understand the advantages of the model, an experiment is conducted between our solution and traditional machine learning methods. The result exhibits that the performance of our work is more excellent in all prediction metrics.
IE-WGAN: A model with Identity Extracting for Face Frontal Synthesis
Authors: Zhu Yanrui , Chen Yonghong , Ren Yuxin
Published: April 2021

Face pose affects the effect of the frontal face synthesis, we propose a model used for frontal face synthesis based on WGAN-GP. This model includes identity extracting module, which is used to supervise the training of the face generation module. On the one hand, the model improves the quality of synthetic face images, on the other hand, it can accelerate the convergence speed of network training. We conduct verification experiments on CelebA data sets, and the results show that this model improves the graphic quality of frontal synthesis.
A fast and effective image steganalysis model based on convolutional neural network
Authors: Hu Fengsong , Xu Rong , Cheng Zhekun
Published: April 2021

In recent years, the performance of deep learning in image steganalysis applications has become more and more outstanding, but at the same time the training time has also greatly increased. Some models need to be trained for several days, and the research efficiency is very low. In this article, we propose an image steganalysis model in spatial domain based on a three-layer convolutional neural network. The model does not use a pooling layer, and uses the global average pooling layer instead of the fully connected layer. Experimental results show that the training time of the model is greatly shortened, and the accuracy of detecting the three steganography algorithms with an embedding rate of 0.4bpp exceeds 85%.
Research on Automatic Inspection System of Printed Circuit Board Based on Computer Vision
Authors: Lin Shuju
Published: April 2021

With the development of computers and software, all walks of life are beginning to use computers and software to design system, for example, the printing industry. Through computer technology, it designs an automatic monitoring system to simplify printing work. This paper mainly determines the general plan of the automatic monitoring system, it also analyses the related design of image acquisition control system and image detection control system.
Complexity Dynamic Analysis of Fractional-order Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor in CNC Machine Tool
Authors: Hai-yan FU , Tengfei Lei , Min Su , Tingyang Yan
Published: April 2021

In this paper, permanent magnet synchronous motor system for fractional-order machine tools is studied. The nonlinear term of the system is decomposed by Adomian decomposition method, and the attractor and poincare cross-section of the system are drawn by Matalb. Meanwhile, the system is analyzed by numerical simulation including bifurcation diagram, SE complexity, C0 complexity and attractor phase diagram under parameter change, which further reveals the realizable dynamic characteristics of fractional-order chaotic system. The related research results lay a good foundation for the control of CNC ( Computer Numerical Control ) machine tools.
Design and Development of Vehicle Flow System Based on Neural Network
Authors: Guang-lei QI , Lin-mei ZU , Kai-li Quan , Xiao-gang Hou
Published: April 2021

With the development of economy and society, the demand and use of automobiles are increasing all over the world. Cars have become a common means of transportation in people’s daily life, but with it comes the problem of automobile exhaust emission. Nowadays, motor vehicle exhaust has become one of the main sources of air pollutants in many cities. This paper mainly introduces the design and development process of a vehicle flow system based on neural network. In this paper, the demand analysis and overall analysis of the whole system are included, as well as the design and implementation of background algorithms and application functions in the system, which meet the needs of users.
Improving phase retrieval accuracy of optical parallel plate by adjusting exposure time of CCD
Authors: Liu Xu , Liu Yong , Li Dong , He Yuhang , Jiang Hongzhen , Zhang Huxiang , Ren Huan , Chai Liqun , Zhu Qihua , Zheng Wanguo , Tan Qiaofeng
Published: April 2021

A new phase retrieval method is investigated to reconstruct wavefronts of optical parallel plates with the use of a group of diffraction patterns. More specifically, the improved phase retrieval algorithm is realized by converting the measuring plane wave into a spherical wave and by using single or double discrete Fourier transforms to calculate both far- and near-field diffraction propagations, and the accuracy is improved by adjusting the exposure time of the charge-coupled device according to the distance between the focal plane and diffraction plane. Both the theoretical and experimental results are consistent with the results obtained using conventional wavelength-modulated phase-shifting interferometry. The new method opens new doors for realizing wavefront measurement of optical parallel plates with high accuracy, especially for large-aperture parallel plates in inertial confinement fusion laser systems.
Nanomaterials significance; contaminants degradation for environmental applications
Authors: Khan Sadaf Bashir , Lee Shern Long
Published: April 2021

Nanotechnology provides an innovative platform that is inexpensive, reasonable, having least chances of secondary contamination, economical, and an effective method to concurrently eradicate numerous impurities from contaminated wastewater. Presently, different researches have been conducted exhibiting versatile multifunctional nanoparticles (NPs) that concurrently confiscate several impurities existing in the water. Nanotechnology helps in eliminating impurities from water through the rapid, low-cost method. Pollutants such as 2,4-dichlorophenol (death-causing contaminant as it quickly gets absorbed via the skin), or industrial dyes including methyl violet (MV) or methyl orange (MO) causing water contamination were also concisely explained. In this mini-review, nanomaterials were critically investigated, and the practicability and effectiveness of the elimination of contaminations were debated. The analysis shows that a few of these processes can be commercialized in treating diverse toxins via multifunctional nanotechnology innovations. Hence, nanotechnology shows a promising and environmental friendly method to resolve the restrictions of current and conventional contaminated water treatment. We can progress the technology, without influencing and affecting the natural earth environment conditions.
Novel bismuth oxy hydride chromate (HBi3(CrO4)O3) nano-sheets/rods synthesized by one step one pot wet chemical method
Authors: Manjunatha Channegowda
Published: April 2021

A novel inorganic hydride material, hydrogen bismuth chromium oxide (HBi3(CrO4)O3), with 2D nano sheets and 1D nanorods were prepared for the first time using a simple, green, hazard free hydrothermal method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results confirms that the as-formed sample (HBi3(CrO4)O3) has monoclinic crystal system with a space group of P21/a. The field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) analysis clearly reveal that the new material contains large quantity of 2D nanosheets of thickness <10 nm and spread over >1000 nm and with small amounts of micro-rods of width in the range of 1 to 5 μm and lengths in the range of 40 to 100 μm. The EDS analysis confirms the presence of ‘Bi’, ‘Cr’, and ‘O’ and it further evidences the purity of the sample. The fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectra evidences that the sample has Bi-H, Bi-O and Cr-O bonds as expected for HBi3(CrO4)O3. This material has a potential to find its place in hydrogen storage material, photo/electro catalysis, fuel cells, optoelectronics and rechargeable batteries, therefore it needs materials researcher attention immediately.
The positive Dressian equals the positive tropical Grassmannian
Authors: Speyer David , Williams Lauren
Published: April 2021

The Dressian and the tropical Grassmannian parameterize abstract and realizable tropical linear spaces; but in general, the Dressian is much larger than the tropical Grassmannian. There are natural positive notions of both of these spaces – the positive Dressian, and the positive tropical Grassmannian (which we introduced roughly fifteen years ago in [J. Algebraic Combin. 22 (2005), pp. 189–210]) – so it is natural to ask how these two positive spaces compare. In this paper we show that the positive Dressian equals the positive tropical Grassmannian. Using the connection between the positive Dressian and regular positroidal subdivisions of the hypersimplex, we use our result to give a new “tropical” proof of da Silva’s 1987 conjecture (first proved in 2017 by Ardila-Rincón-Williams) that all positively oriented matroids are realizable. We also show that the finest regular positroidal subdivisions of the hypersimplex consist of series-parallel matroid polytopes, and achieve equality in Speyer’s

f
f

-vector theorem. Finally we give an example of a positroidal subdivision of the hypersimplex which is not regular, and make a connection to the theory of tropical hyperplane arrangements.