bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quercetin Application for Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio): I. Effects on Growth Performance, Humoral Immunity, Antioxidant Status, Immune-Related Genes, and Resistance against Heat Stress
Authors: Armobin Kobra , Ahmadifar Ehsan , Adineh Hossein , Samani Mahsa Naderi , Kalhor Naser , Yilmaz Sevdan , Hoseinifar Seyed Hossein , Van Doan Hien
Published: February 2023

This study was done to evaluate the effect of different quercetin levels on growth performance, immune responses, antioxidant status, serum biochemical factors, and high-temperature stress responses in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). A total number of 216 common carp with an average weight of

27.21
±
53

 g were divided into 12 tanks (

four
 
treatments
×
three
 
replications

) and fed 0 mg/kg quercetin (T0), 200 mg/kg quercetin (T1), 400 mg/kg quercetin (T2), and 600 mg/kg quercetin (T3) for 60 days. There were significant differences in growth performance, and the highest final body weight (FBW), weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), and feed intake (FI) were observed in T2 and T3 (

P
<
0.05

). Different quercetin levels significantly increased complement pathway activity (ACH50) and lysozyme activity both before and after heat stress (

P
<
0.05

). Catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly increased in fish exposed to heat stress, but fish fed with a supplemented diet with quercetin showed the lowest levels both before and after heat stress (

P
<
0.05

). Superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were significantly enhanced in fish fed diets supplemented with quercetin in both phases (

P
<
0.05

). Different quercetin levels led to a significant decrease in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) before and after the challenging test (

P
<
0.05

). Glucose and cortisol levels were significantly higher in the control group compared to the other treatments in both phases (

P
<
0.05

). The expression of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and lysozyme was markedly upregulated in fish fed with quercetin-supplemented diets (

P
<
0.05

). No marked effects were observed for growth hormone (GR) and interleukin-8 (IL8) (

P
>
0.05

). In conclusion, dietary quercetin supplementations (400-600 mg/kg quercetin) improved growth performance, immunity, and antioxidant status and increased tolerance to heat stress.
Relationship between the Mandibular Condyle Position and the Bite Force in the People with Normal Temporomandibular Joint
Authors: Moghimi Hanieh , Shahab Shahriar , Azizi Zeinab , Akbarzade Baghban Alireza , Niknami Mahdi , Nakhostin Ansari Noureddin , Kavoosi Ali , Moghimi Mohammad Ali
Published: February 2023

Statement of the Problem. The mandibular condyle position is important in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders. The bite force is a mechanical force that may affect the condylar position. Purpose. To investigate the relationship between condylar position in the glenoid fossa and maximum bite force in adults with normal temporomandibular joint. Materials and Methods. In this cross-sectional study, 23 subjects (21 females and 2 males; mean age 38.88

±

11.7 years) with 41 joints participated. Right and left joints were examined using cone-beam computed tomography. Maximum bite force was measured using the strain gauge transducer in the regions of right molar, left molar, and incisors. Pearson correlation coefficient, paired sample t-test, and binary logistic regression were employed for analysis. Results. The mean maximum bite force was 169.09 ± 87.7 N. The most common position of the condyle was anterior (n = 36) and inferior (n = 31). The mean of mandibular condyle joint spaces for right and left sides were not statistically significant (

P
>
0.05

). There were no relationships between the condylar positions and the mean maximum bite force (

P
>
0.05

). Conclusion. The condylar positions in the glenoid fossa are not related to the bite force in the people with normal temporomandibular joint.
hucMSC-Ex Alleviates IBD-Associated Intestinal Fibrosis by Inhibiting ERK Phosphorylation in Intestinal Fibroblasts
Authors: Wang Yifei , Zhang Yaqin , Lu Bing , Xi Jianbo , Ocansey Dickson Kofi Wiredu , Mao Fei , Hao Donglin , Yan Yongmin
Published: February 2023

Background. Intestinal fibrosis, one of the complications of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), is associated with fistula and intestinal stricture formation. There are currently no treatments for fibrosis. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes have been proven to exert inhibitory and reversal effects in IBD and other organ fibrosis. In this study, we explored the role of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (hucMSC-Ex) in IBD-related fibrosis and its associated mechanism to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of IBD-related intestinal fibrosis. Methods. We established a DSS-induced mouse IBD-related intestinal fibrosis model and observed the effect of hucMSC-Ex on the mouse model. We also used the TGF-induced human intestinal fibroblast CCD-18Co to observe the role of hucMSC-Ex in the proliferation, migration, and activation of intestinal fibroblasts. Having observed that the extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway in intestinal fibrosis can be inhibited by hucMSC-Ex, we treated intestinal fibroblasts with an ERK inhibitor to emphasize the potential target of ERK phosphorylation in the treatment of IBD-associated intestinal fibrosis. Results. In the animal model of IBD-related fibrosis, hucMSC-Ex alleviated inflammation-related fibrosis as evident in the thinning of the mice’s intestinal wall and decreased expression of related molecules. Moreover, hucMSC-Ex inhibited TGF-β-induced proliferation, migration, and activation of human intestinal fibroblasts, and ERK phosphorylation played a key role in IBD-associated fibrosis. The inhibition of ERK decreased the expression of fibrosis-related indicators such as α-SMA, fibronectin, and collagen I. Conclusion. hucMSC-Ex alleviates DSS-induced IBD-related intestinal fibrosis by inhibiting profibrotic molecules and intestinal fibroblast proliferation and migration by decreasing ERK phosphorylation.
Dietary Intake and Body Mass Index Influence the Risk of Islet Autoimmunity in Genetically At-Risk Children: A Mediation Analysis Using the TEDDY Cohort
Authors: Andrén Aronsson Carin , Tamura Roy , Vehik Kendra , Uusitalo Ulla , Yang Jimin , Haller Michael J. , Toppari Jorma , Hagopian William , McIndoe Richard A. , Rewers Marian J. , Ziegler Anette-G. , Akolkar Beena , Krischer Jeffrey P. , Norris Jill M. , Virtanen Suvi M. , Elding Larsson Helena
Published: February 2023

Background/Objective. Growth and obesity have been associated with increased risk of islet autoimmunity (IA) and progression to type 1 diabetes. We aimed to estimate the effect of energy-yielding macronutrient intake on the development of IA through BMI. Research Design and Methods. Genetically at-risk children (n = 5,084) in Finland, Germany, Sweden, and the USA, who were autoantibody negative at 2 years of age, were followed to the age of 8 years, with anthropometric measurements and 3-day food records collected biannually. Of these, 495 (9.7%) children developed IA. Mediation analysis for time-varying covariates (BMI z-score) and exposure (energy intake) was conducted. Cox proportional hazard method was used in sensitivity analysis. Results. We found an indirect effect of total energy intake (estimates: indirect effect 0.13 [0.05, 0.21]) and energy from protein (estimates: indirect effect 0.06 [0.02, 0.11]), fat (estimates: indirect effect 0.03 [0.01, 0.05]), and carbohydrates (estimates: indirect effect 0.02 [0.00, 0.04]) (kcal/day) on the development of IA. A direct effect was found for protein, expressed both as kcal/day (estimates: direct effect 1.09 [0.35, 1.56]) and energy percentage (estimates: direct effect 72.8 [3.0, 98.0]) and the development of GAD autoantibodies (GADA). In the sensitivity analysis, energy from protein (kcal/day) was associated with increased risk for GADA, hazard ratio 1.24 (95% CI: 1.09, 1.53),

p
=
0.042

. Conclusions. This study confirms that higher total energy intake is associated with higher BMI, which leads to higher risk of the development of IA. A diet with larger proportion of energy from protein has a direct effect on the development of GADA.
SQLite Encryption Method for Embedded Databases Based on Chaos Algorithm
Authors: Shi Junlong
Published: February 2023

With the widespread use of embedded systems, chaos is a nonlinear system with certainty and complexity. It is an important topic in the field of information security at present, and it is an effective way to apply to embedded systems. It has great practical value in theory and in practice. This research mainly focuses on the encryption technology of SQLite embedded database and proposes an improved sparrow algorithm (Logistic Chaos Sparrow Search Algorithm, LCSSA) based on Logistic Chaos Map. It shows that the security level of SQLite in web development is higher than that of conventional Access. The population is initialized by the logistic chaotic mapping method, which improves the quality of the initial solution, increases the diversity of the population, and reduces the risk of premature maturity of the algorithm. The initial value

y

0

determines the encryption method of the nonlinear function. Taking the integer variable (int) as an example, the value range is -231~231. It can be seen that the key space is sufficient to prevent various conventional attacks. When the key is the wrong key, decryption will not yield any data. It can be found that encryption and decryption are very sensitive to the key, which is also determined by the sensitivity of chaotic encryption system to the initial value. The benchmark function compares the performance of the improved algorithm with the algorithm before the improvement and compares it with the SSA. The LCSSA has better convergence performance, higher accuracy, and better stability.
Effectiveness and Safety of Lianhua Qingwen Capsules for COVID‐19: A Propensity‐Score Matched Cohort Study
Authors: Lu Yun , Zhang Meng , Yang Qing-qing , Li Wen-jing , Yang Kun , Hu Wen , Gao Su-yu , Jiang Qiao-li , Lin Li-kai , Cheng Hong , Sun Feng
Published: February 2023

As a traditional Chinese medicine, Lianhua Qingwen capsules have been widely used to treat Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19). This study was aimed to demonstrate the association between treatment with Lianhua Qingwen capsules and the clinical outcomes of hospitalized patients with COVID‐19. This retrospective study was conducted at four hospitals in Central China. Data of hospitalized COVID‐19 patients were collected between December 19, 2019 and April 26, 2020. Based on whether Lianhua Qingwen capsules were used, patients were classified into Lianhua Qingwen and non‐Lianhua Qingwen (control) groups. To control for confounding factors, we used conditional logistic regression in a propensity‐score matched (PSM) cohort (1 : 1 balanced), as well as logistic regression without matching as sensitivity analysis. A total of 4918 patients were included, 2760 of whom received Lianhua Qingwen capsules and 2158 of whom did not. In the PSM model, after adjusting for confounders, the in‐hospital mortality was similar between the Lianhua Qingwen group and the control group (6.8% vs. 3.3%, adjusted OR, 0.66 [95% CI, 0.38‐1.15], p = 0.138). The negative conversion rate of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection was higher in the Lianhua Qingwen group (88.3% vs. 96.1%, adjusted OR, 4.02 [95% CI, 2.58‐6.25], p < 0.001). The incidence of acute liver injury was comparable between the two groups (14.0% vs. 11.5%, adjusted OR: 0.85 [95% CI, 0.71‐1.02], p = 0.083), and the incidence of acute kidney injury was lower in the Lianhua Qingwen group (5.3% vs. 3.0%, adjusted OR: 0.71 [95% CI, 0.50‐1.00], p = 0.048). Treatment with Lianhua Qingwen capsules was not significantly associated with in‐hospital mortality in COVID‐19 patients. In the Lianhua Qingwen group, the negative conversion rate of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection was higher and the incidence of acute kidney injury was lower than in the control group.
Recent Advances in Blood Cell-Inspired and Clot-Targeted Thrombolytic Therapies
Authors: Sheridan Anastasia , Brown Ashley C.
Published: February 2023

Myocardial infarction, stroke, and pulmonary embolism are all deadly conditions associated with excessive thrombus formation. Standard treatment for these conditions involves systemic delivery of thrombolytic agents to break up clots and restore blood flow; however, this treatment can impact the hemostatic balance in other parts of the vasculature, which can lead to excessive bleeding. To avoid this potential danger, targeted thrombolytic treatments that can successfully target thrombi and release an effective therapeutic load are necessary. Because activated platelets and fibrin make up a large proportion of clots, these two components provide ample opportunities for targeting. This review will highlight potential thrombus targeting mechanisms as well as recent advances in thrombolytic therapies which utilize blood cells and clotting proteins to effectively target and lyse clots.
A Study of Electronic Dictionary Use and Attitudes among Iranian Students of Translation during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Karami Samaneh , Riasati Mohammad Javad
Published: February 2023

Dictionaries are an integral part of language learning process to fulfill learners’ linguistic and academic needs. Recently, COVID-19 pandemic has had many effects on students’ life and learning styles, forcing them to switch to electronic learning during lockdown restrictions. As a result, electronic and Internet-based dictionaries became more available, altering learners’ attitudes in dealing with various types of dictionaries. This study aims at presenting an overview of Iranian university students’ attitudes, habits, and preferences in dictionary use in light of recent changes in their learning environment. Our goal is to gather data from Iranian students of translation studies through conducting a small-scale survey, adopted from the literature, and a number of semistructured interviews in order to explore their dictionary use and habits, means of obtaining dictionaries, types of dictionaries used for translation purposes, and the instructions they received on using dictionaries. The findings presented that the majority of students prefer electronic dictionaries; however, gender does not have a significant effect on the educational use of dictionaries. This study has some implications that could help authorities to advance electronic-based learning at universities.
Examination of the Effects of Thoracic Ganglion and Brain Extracts on Vitellogenin Gene Expression in the Ovary of Whiteleg Shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, and Possible Vitellogenesis-Stimulating Activity
Authors: Sultana Zakea , Kang Bong Jung , Wilder Marcy N.
Published: February 2023

In order to examine the role of the central nervous system in regulating ovarian maturation in the whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, we incubated ovarian explants taken from adult shrimp with either brain or thoracic ganglion extracts at the level of five tissue equivalents for 6 h. For assessment of the effects of each tissue extract, transcriptional expression of vitellogenin mRNA in incubated ovarian tissue fragments was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. Results showed that crude brain extracts and a 90% aqueous acetonitrile eluate upregulated expression levels in a significant manner. These findings suggest that factors originating from brain tissue are involved in ovarian maturation, but that the thoracic ganglia do not likely harbor significant quantities of stimulatory substances. In the future, this knowledge may be useful in developing technology for inducing maturation and spawning in captive female penaeid.
Enzyme Replacement Therapy (ERT) on Heart Function Changes the Outcome in Patients with Infantile-Onset Pompe Disease: A Familial History
Authors: Lecis Marco , Rossi Katia , Guerzoni Maria Elena , Mariotti Ilaria , Iughetti Lorenzo
Published: February 2023

Background. Lysosomal acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA) deficiency, also known as Pompe disease, is an autosomal recessive disorder that leads to the accumulation of glycogen in lysosomes and cytoplasm, resulting in tissue destruction. Infantile-onset GAA deficiency is characterized by cardiomyopathy and severe generalized hypotonia. Without treatment, most patients die within the first two years of life. The demonstration of reduced GAA activity, followed by sequencing of the GAA gene, confirms the disease. GAA deficiency is currently treated with enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with improved clinical outcomes and survival. Case Presentation. We describe the case of DGAA in two siblings, in which the diagnostic time point, treatment, and outcomes were completely different. The girl was diagnosed with DGAA at the age of 6 months during investigations for poor weight gain and excessive sleepiness. The finding of severe cardiomyopathy through EKG and echocardiography led to the suspicion of storage disease, and the GAA deficiency was later confirmed by genetic analysis. The girl died of complications due to the clinical picture before starting ERT. Conversely, her younger brother had the opportunity to receive an early diagnosis and the rapid onset of ERT. He is showing a regression of cardiac hypertrophy. Conclusion. The advent of ERT improved clinical outcomes and survival in infantile-onset PD. Its impact on cardiac function is still under study, but different reports in the literature have shown encouraging data. Early recognition of DGAA and prompt initiation of ERT is therefore crucial to prevent the progression of the disease and improve the outcomes.
Grain Yield and Yield Related Traits of Bread Wheat as Influenced by N and Seeding Rates and Their Interaction Effects in 2020 under Irrigation at Western and North of Oromia, Ethiopia
Authors: Feyisa Hailu , Mengistu Girma , Biri Alemayehu , Chimdessa Temesgen
Published: February 2023

Wheat is among the cultivated and important crops in Ethiopia because of its high value as a stable food that is mostly grown under rain-fed conditions. Even though the country has the potential to produce a sufficient amount of wheat grain under rain-fed and by using irrigation, the country still depends on importing wheat grain every year. Soil fertility depletion, inappropriate agronomic practices, erratic rainfall, and drought are among the constraints to the low yield of wheat crops in the country. In view of this, the field experiment was conducted during the off-season of 2020 in five districts, namely, Horo, Jimma Geneti, Jimma Arjo, Wayu Tuka, and Degem districts that are selected as representatives in terms of agricultural production and irrigation potential. The treatments consisted of five N fertilizer levels (0, 23, 46, 69, and 92 kg·ha−1) and three seeding rates (125, 150, and 175 kg·ha−1) of bread wheat, which constituted a total of 15 treatments. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with a factorial arrangement in three replications. The plot size was 3 m × 5 m. From the study, we observed that the grain yield and yield components of wheat were improved by optimizing nitrogen application and plant population. Maximum grain yield of 6.8, 8.9, 4.1, 4.8, and 2.5 t·ha−1 was recorded in response to the use of 92/125, 23/150, 23/150 and 175, 69/150, and 69/175 kg·ha−1 N/seed rate of wheat under irrigation condition in Horo, Jimma Geneti, Jimma Arjo, Wayu Tuka, and Degem districts, respectively. On the contrary, the lowest yield was observed from the unfertilized plot that was planted at 125 kg·ha−1 seed rate in all districts, except in Jimma Geneti, which was observed at 0/150 kg·ha−1 N/seed rate. The differences in yield between districts are mainly attributed to the variability in their soil-plant nutrient contents. Thus, N fertilizer and seed rates at 23/150, 69/150, 46/50, and 92/125 kg·ha−1 in Jimma Arjo and Jimma Geneti, Wayu Tuka, Degem, and Horo districts, respectively, gave maximum yield and net benefit with acceptable marginal rate of return, and it is economically feasible and the best rate to use by the end-users in bread wheat production under irrigation condition in the study area and agro-ecologies that are similar to the study area.
Waveform Prediction of Blade Tip‐Timing Sensor Based on Kriging Model and Static Calibration Data
Authors: Zhang Liang , Wang Qidi , Li Xin
Published: February 2023

Blade tip clearance is an important parameter affecting the efficiency, stability, and safety of aero‐engines. During the high‐speed rotation of the blade, the blade tip clearance changes, which leads to changes in signal amplitude collected by the tip timing sensor. When the rotor is rotating at high speed, it is impractical to measure the tip‐timing signal under each tip clearance. Aiming at the previous problems, a prediction method of blade tip‐timing sensor waveform based on the combination of the Kriging model and static calibration data are proposed. The relationship between the output voltage of the tip timing sensor and the blade tip clearance and the angle of the blade tip cutting magnetic line is obtained by collecting the data of static calibration. Based on the collected static calibration experimental data and compared with the polynomial fit method and the RBF model, the accuracy of the Kriging model in predicting the waveform of the blade tip timing sensor was verified. The results show that the prediction accuracy of the Kriging model is basically the same as that of the RBF model, but the Kriging model has more advantages in predicting the waveform when the blade tip clearance is unknown. In contrast, the prediction accuracy of the polynomial fit is lower than that of the Kriging and RBF models, and the polynomial fit is prone to significant prediction errors.
MEK Inhibition Synergizes with TYK2 Inhibitors in NF1-Associated Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors
Authors: Borcherding Dana C. , Amin Neha V. , He Kevin , Zhang Xiaochun , Lyu Yang , Dehner Carina , Bhatia Himanshi , Gothra Angad , Daud Layla , Ruminski Peter , Pratilas Christine A. , Pollard Kai , Sundby Taylor , Widemann Brigitte C. , Hirbe Angela C.
Published: February 2023

Purpose:

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) are aggressive sarcomas with limited treatment options and poor survival rates. About half of MPNST cases are associated with the neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) cancer predisposition syndrome. Overexpression of TYK2 occurs in the majority of MPNST, implicating TYK2 as a therapeutic target.

Experimental Design:

The effects of pharmacologic TYK2 inhibition on MPNST cell proliferation and survival were examined using IncuCyte live cell assays in vitro, and downstream actions were analyzed using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq), qPCR arrays, and validation of protein changes with the WES automated Western system. Inhibition of TYK2 alone and in combination with MEK inhibition was evaluated in vivo using both murine and human MPNST cell lines, as well as MPNST PDX.

Results:

Pharmacologic inhibition of TYK2 dose-dependently decreased proliferation and induced apoptosis over time. RNA-seq pathway analysis on TYK2 inhibitor–treated MPNST demonstrated decreased expression of cell cycle, mitotic, and glycolysis pathways. TYK2 inhibition resulted in upregulation of the MEK/ERK pathway gene expression, by both RNA-seq and qPCR array, as well as increased pERK1/2 levels by the WES Western system. The compensatory response was tested with dual treatment with TYK2 and MEK inhibitors, which synergistically decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis in vitro. Finally, combination therapy was shown to inhibit growth of MPNST in multiple in vivo models.

Conclusions:

These data provide the preclinical rationale for the development of a phase I clinical trial of deucravacitinib and mirdametinib in NF1-assosciated MPNST.
Daclatasvir, an Antiviral Drug, Downregulates Tribbles 2 Pseudokinase and Resensitizes Enzalutamide-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: Monga Jitender , Valeriote Frederick , Hwang Clara , Gadgeel Shirish , Ghosh Jagadananda
Published: February 2023

FDA-approved enzalutamide is commonly prescribed to reduce the growth of advanced prostate cancer by blocking androgen receptor function. However, enzalutamide-resistant prostate cancer (ERPC) invariably develops and progresses to metastatic, lethal disease. Management of ERPC poses a special problem not only because available therapeutic regimens cannot effectively kill ERPC cells but also due to their propensity to invade large bones. Moreover, molecular mechanism(s) behind enzalutamide resistance is not properly understood, which is delaying development of newer agents. We found that the pseudokinase, Tribbles 2 (TRIB2), is overexpressed in ERPC cells and plays a critical role in their survival. Forced overexpression of TRIB2 enhances prostate cancer cell growth and confers resistance to physiologic doses of enzalutamide, suggesting that TRIB2 plays an important role in the development and progression of ERPC. Though TRIB2 has emerged as an excellent molecular target for ERPC, suitable inhibitors are not commercially available for effective targeting. By designing a luciferase-tagged TRIB2 fusion protein-based assay system, we screened a library of about 1,600 compounds and found that daclatasvir (DCV), an antiviral drug, effectively inhibits TRIB2-luciferase. We also found that DCV degrades TRIB2 proteins by direct binding and resensitizes ERPC cells to enzalutamide treatment. Moreover, DCV at lower, sublethal doses synergizes with enzalutamide to decrease the viability and induce apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. Because DCV is already approved by the FDA and well tolerated in humans, based on our findings, it appears that DCV is a promising new agent for development of an effective therapy for advanced, enzalutamide-resistant, lethal prostate cancer.
ФАРМАЦЕВТИЧНЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ НАСЕЛЕННЯ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ: АНАЛІЗ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ
Authors: Oliinyk Р. V. , Chukhray I. L. , Oliinyk S. Р.
Published: February 2023

Мета роботи. Обґрунтування необхідності розробки та реалізації комплексу нормативно-методологічних рішень, орієнтованих на підвищення стійкості функціонування структурних елементів підсистеми фармацевтичного забезпечення населення і підготовку фармацевтичних фахівців до роботи в екстремальних умовах воєнного стану.Матеріали і методи. У процесі дослідження використовувались методи спостереження та узагальнення, контент-аналізу, синтезу і формалізації. Предметом дослідження були офіційні джерела інформації, статистичні дані, наукові публікації, законодавчі і нормативні акти, які стосуються фармацевтичної галузі.Результати й обговорення. У статті проведений аналіз сучасного стану нормативно-правового регулювання фармацевтичного забезпечення населення України в умовах воєнного стану. Обґрунтована необхідність розробки та реалізації комплексу нормативно-методологічних рішень, орієнтованих на підвищення стійкості функціонування аптечних закладів і підготовку фармацевтичних фахівців до роботи в екстремальних умовах воєнного стану шляхом обов’язкового проведення заздалегідь визначених заходів у всіх структурних елементах підсистеми фармацевтичногозабезпечення населення, незалежно від їх форми власності.Висновки. Проведений аналіз нормативно-правових актів щодо принципів державного управління фармацевтичним забезпеченням населення в умовах воєнного стану свідчить про те, що у них не передбачено заходів, спрямованих на повне і своєчасне фармацевтичне забезпечення постраждалого населення, медичних формувань і лікарняних закладів. Удосконалення чинної підсистеми фармацевтичного забезпечення постраждалого населення в умовах воєнного стану можливе тільки на основі єдиної теоретичної та методичної баз із врахуванням принципів державного управління, шляхом обов’язкового проведення заздалегідь визначених заходів у всіх структурних елементах підсистеми незалежно від форми їх власності.
РОЗРОБКА МЕТОДИК ІДЕНТИФІКАЦІЇ ТА КІЛЬКІСНОГО ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ МАНГІФЕРИНУ В М’ЯКІЙ ЛІКАРСЬКІЙ ФОРМІ
Authors: Yaromiy M. V. , Polovko N. P. , Bevz N. Yu.
Published: February 2023

Мета роботи – розробка методик ідентифікації та кількісного визначення АФІ в складі антигерпетичного гелю.
Матеріали і методи. Об´єктами дослідження є зразки гелю з мангіферином. Для ідентифікації мангефірину використовували метод ТШХ з ТШХ-пластинками із шаром силікагелю, флуоресцентним індикатором F254 та СЗ мангіферину. Кількісне визначення проводили методом абсорбційної спектрофотометрії. Використовували спектрофотометр “Evolution 60s” (Thermo Fisher Scientific, США), аналітичні ваги “AXIS” (Польща), мірний посуд класу A, реактиви згідно вимог ДФУ.
Результати й обговорення. Мангефірин ідентифікували методом ТШХ після вилучення із гелю 70% спиртом у порівнянні зі СЗ мангіферину з використанням рухомої фази – суміші розчинників н-бутанол : оцтова кислота : вода (80 : 20 : 10), детектували в УФ-світлі за довжини хвилі 254 нм. Встановлено, що послідовність зон розчину порівняння та випробуваного розчину співпадають. Кількісне визначення мангіферину проводили методом абсорбційної спектрофотометрії в 70% етанолі за довжини хвилі 373 нм. Доведено, що підпорядкування розчинів мангефірину за довжини хвилі 373 нм закону Бугера-Ламберта-Бера спостерігається в межах концентрації від 0,002 мг/мл до 0,020 мг/мл. Розрахована прогнозована повна невизначеність результатів методики становить 1,21% £ 1,60% свідчить про коректність проведення випробувань в іншій лабораторії. При вивченні валідаційних характеристик методики встановлено, що методика робасна (Δt ≤ δmax = 0,51 %, досліджуваний розчин і розчин порівняння стійкі протягом не менше 1 години), специфічна (d 0,18 % £ 0,51%); лінійна (r 0,9999 ≥ min r 0,9981); прецизійна (% = 0,48 % ≤ 1,60 %) і правильна (виконується критерій практичної незначущості систематичної похибки 0,03 %).
Висновки. Для ідентифікації мангіферину в гелі запропоновано з метод ТШХ. Для кількісного визначення мангіферину розроблено метод абсорбційної спектрофотометрії у середовищі 70% етанолу за довжини хвилі 373 нм. Доведено, що за такими валідаційними характеристиками, як лінійність, прецизійність, правильність, робасність і специфічність розроблена методика є коректною і може бути використана в аналізі мангіферину в гелі.
Paredes que guardam pessoas que guardam paredes. Registro e sentidos de ruínas do tempo do cativeiro.
Authors: Agostini Camilla
Published: February 2023

Esse texto propõe pensar o encontro da história oral,da etnografia e do olhar arqueológico sobre ruínas e memórias do tempo do cativeiro. Aborda a confluência de metodologias quando se encontram no campo da pesquisa, se transformando no processo. O objetivo é contribuir com conceitos e caminhos para trabalhos de campo que tenham as coisas de tempos passados como foco de estudo, valorizando a participação de grupos subalternos na História, assim como a participação de pesquisadores em relação a detentores de saberes e memórias sobre esses passados.
Russia's Technology Imports from East  Asia
Authors: Simola Heli , Röyskö Aino
Published: February 2023

Russia's invasion in Ukraine has led to substantial restrictions on exports to Russia, which some East Asian economies have joined. We review the importance of East Asian economies as providers of technology imports for Russia and present a preliminary analysis on the development of Russian imports from East Asia after the invasion. We find that East Asian economies have been important suppliers of technology goods for Russia. After February 2022, exports of most East Asian countries to Russia have dropped substantially. Chinese exports to Russia have increased, especially in the category of vehicles.
Diversifying Boundary Organizations: The Making of a Global Platform for Indigenous (and Local) Knowledge in the UNFCCC
Authors: López-Rivera Andrés
Published: February 2023

The creation of the Local Communities and Indigenous Peoples Platform under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) set out to incorporate Indigenous and local knowledge into the science–policy landscape of the climate field. The Platform is a crucial case of institutional change, as it signals an incipient shift from a science-centric toward a pluralistic approach to knowledge in global climate governance. This article traces this process of change in the politics and practices underlying the establishment and design of the Platform as an interface for Indigenous and local knowledge holders. The analysis shows that the sui generis design of the Platform was the product of bricolage (recombination) and translation (recontextualization) of disparate elements with the purpose of accommodating various political demands in an altogether new kind of knowledge–policy interface: a diverse boundary organization. The article makes an empirical contribution to the historical development of knowledge politics in the UNFCCC and a theoretical contribution to the study of boundary organizations by advancing a broader conceptualization that transcends science-centric approaches.
Impact of Gamma Irradiation as Preservation Technique on Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant Capacity of Two Mature Date’s Cultivars to Extend the Shelf Life
Authors: Dassamiour Saliha , Hambaba Leila , Bensaad Mohamed Sabri , Sami Rokayya , Alsufyani Sultan J. , Aljuraide N. I. , Al-Mushhin Amina A. M. , Aljaadi Abeer M. , Alanazi Sitah F.
Published: February 2023

Date fruit is a functional food endowed with several pharmacological properties resulting from its diversified composition of nutrients and secondary metabolites. It is often stored for long periods after its harvest; however its initial nutritional and organoleptic properties are not
always preserved. This study aimed to test the effect of three doses of γ radiations (0.6, 1.3, 2 kGy) on some nutritional and organoleptic properties of stored Deglet Nour and Ghars dates during ten months. pH, titratable acidity, and contents of total polyphenols, flavonoids
and ascorbate as well as scavenging activity of date extracts have been periodically tested adopting appropriate methods. Radiation slowed, regardless of dose, a decrease in pH of Deglet Nour samples stored at low T, also the decrease in pH of Ghars samples (0.6, 1.3 kGy) stored at room T
and (1.3, 2 kGy) at low T. Oscillations of decreases and increases of titratable acidity rates were obtained comparing to controls, but the treatment effectively increased, independently of the dose, the titratable acidity levels of Ghars samples during storage at low temperature. Doses 2
kGy at low T and 0.6 kGy at ambient T slowed down the decrease in polyphenols content of Deglet Nour samples (39.96%, 34.88%) versus controls (80.39%, 87.58%) respectively. However, TPC of Ghars samples underwent a progressive increase at ten months of storage ranging from 145.22 mg obtained
before exposure to radiation to a level of 389.55 mg (2 kGy) at room T and a maximum of 256.22 mg (0.6 kGy) at low T. Deglet Nour samples irradiated at 0.6 and 2 kGy retained more flavonoids contents for both storage temperatures. Ghars samples, 2 kGy at room T and 0.6 kGy at low T, considerably
increased flavonoids contents after ten months of storage. More pronounced increase was obtained for Deglet Nour samples (2 kGy) till 2.5 months of storage at room T, whereas, all samples gave significant increase until 5 months at low T. Up to 5 months at room T and 7.5 months at low T, irradiated
Ghars samples increased significantly in ascorbate contents regardless of dose. However, only, 0.6 kGy of Deglet Nour stored at ambient T preserved its initial antiradical activity besides the slowing down of decrease of all irradiated samples. In addition, a considerable increase was observed
for Ghars irradiated samples regardless of dose and involvement of phenolics in this activity was confirmed.
Can Time to Treatment Reduce In-Hospital Mortality and Morbidity Among Surgical and Nonsurgical Elderly Patients With Sepsis
Authors: Wasfie Tarik , Buzadzhi Anna , Naisan Mursal , Senger Barbara , Memar Shayan , Tangalos Alexandra , Hella Jennifer , Hood Shannon , Barber Kimberly
Published: February 2023

Sepsis mortality remains high and efforts to reduce it are continuing. We collected data from our patients presented to the emergency department (ED) with sepsis and performed a retrospective analysis of 1079 patients seen in the ED with sepsis during 2018 and 2020, before and after implementation of the new CDC protocol. Statistical analysis was performed using Student’s t-test and chi square test as well as Cox regression analysis. The patients were divided into pre-protocol (group 1) and post-protocol (group 2). A total of 1079 patients were included in the study. The mean age was 65 + 16.86 years, divided equally between gender (male 49%, female 51%). Patients with certain comorbidities showed statistically significant survival rate in the protocol group. The current protocol for sepsis when implemented will improve patients’ survival, in both surgical and medical patients and significantly in those with comorbid conditions.
Hearts don’t lie: Cardiac tuberculosis diagnosed on fine-needle aspiration cytology
Authors: Osama Md Ali , Gaur Kavita , Agarwal Kiran , Yadav Vikas , Seth Anju , Setia Priya
Published: February 2023

Cardiac involvement in tuberculosis is relatively rare when compared to other organs and often involves the pericardium leading to constrictive pericarditis. Myocardial tuberculoma is exceedingly rare and only seldom cases have yet been reported. Our report is of a case diagnosed on fine-needle aspiration cytology.
Organics, Hyborgs, and Philosopher-Cyborgs: The Politiverse in 2278
Authors: Bellantoni Lisa
Published: February 2023

This essay is part of a special issue celebrating 50 years of Political Theory. The ambition of the editors was to mark this half century not with a retrospective but with a confabulation of futures. Contributors were asked: What will political theory look and sound like in the next century and beyond? What claims might political theorists or their descendants be making in ten, twenty-five, fifty, a hundred years’ time? How might they vindicate those claims in their future contexts? How will the consistent concerns of political theorists evolve into the questions critical for people decades or centuries from now? What new problems will engage the political theorists (or their rough equivalents) of the future? What forms might those take? What follows is one of the many confabulations published in response to these queries.
Decolonising Caste in the Indian Context: The Psyche of the Oppressor
Authors: Sophan Angel , Nair Arya
Published: February 2023

Caste is a social construct as well as a psychological phenomenon. So far, it has been predominantly viewed, understood and researched through the lens of anthropology, sociology, economics and political science. However, very little understanding has been gained in the domain of psychological science with respect to caste in the Indian context. The population of the Global South (includes the regions of Asia, Africa, Latin America and Oceania) cannot be understood with the frameworks and research undertaken by the Global North (Europe and North America, known as the West, the industrialised world) because the knowledge production centres of psychology have predominantly been Euro-American centric, as many critics have pointed out. Although research has been scarce in relation to caste and psychology, it has mostly revolved around the oppressed. Therefore, this article aims to shift the focus from the oppressed to the oppressor. To understand Indian human behaviour and thought, it is essential to view it through the lens of the colonial past, the caste system and religion, which are intertwined with each other. This article aims to look at the psychology of the ‘oppressor’ in the Indian context through the psychological frameworks of ‘purity and pollution’. It also stems from the premise that casteism is inculcated through modelling and intergenerational learning. Hence, the above-mentioned factors help to understand unequal power relations and discrimination, which facilitate the decolonisation of the Indian psyche. It also highlights the influence of colonisation on the mind and behaviour with respect to caste.
Validation of the Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale (WFIRS-P) as a Functional Impairment Measure in a General Population of Schoolchildren
Authors: Arildskov Trine Wigh , Virring Anne , Thomsen Per Hove , Lambek Rikke
Published: February 2023

Functional impairment rating scales are few in numbers and have mainly been examined in clinical populations. The Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale—Parent report (WFIRS-P) is a case in point. We tested the psychometric properties of the WFIRS-P in the largest general population study to date and for the first time examined the factor structure of the scale in a general population setting. Participants were 2,027 schoolchildren aged 6 to 11. Parents/caregivers completed the WFIRS-P and criterion measures of quality of life, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and behavioral/emotional symptoms. Confirmatory factor analysis and convergent/divergent validity analyses supported a six-factor structure: family, life skills, self-concept, social activities, and the separation of the school domain into two smaller domains covering school learning and school behavior. Children with and without a history of referral differed significantly on all six domains supporting the external validity. In conclusion, the WFIRS-P was found to generate valid scores in a general population sample.
The ScreeLing: Detecting Semantic, Phonological, and Syntactic Deficits in the Clinical Subtypes of Frontotemporal and Alzheimer’s Dementia
Authors: Jiskoot Lize C. , Poos Jackie M. , van Boven Kristof , de Boer Liset , Giannini Lucia A. A. , Satoer Djaina D. , Visch-Brink Evy G. , van Hemmen Judy , Franzen Sanne , Pijnenburg Yolande A. L. , van den Berg Esther , Seelaar Harro
Published: February 2023

The ScreeLing is a screening instrument developed to assess post-stroke aphasia, via the linguistic levels Syntax, Phonology, and Semantics. It could also be a useful test for the clinical subtypes of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Alzheimer’s dementia (AD), as specific and often selective disorders are expected. Its ability to differentiate between the clinical subtypes of FTD and AD is, however, still unknown. We investigated differences in ScreeLing total and subscores, linguistic-level disorders’ relationship with disease severity, and classification abilities, in patients with behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD; n = 46), patients with primary progressive aphasia (PPA; n = 105) (semantic variant primary progressive aphasia [svPPA], non-fluent variant primary progressive aphasia [nfvPPA], and logopenic variant primary progressive aphasia [lvPPA], AD [ n = 20] and controls [ n = 35]). We examined group differences in ScreeLing total and subscores, and one-, two- or three-level linguistic disorders using one-way analyses of covariance (ANCOVAs) or Quade’s rank ANCOVA. We used frequency analyses to obtain the occurrence of the linguistic-level disorders. We determined sensitivity and specificity by the area under the curve by receiver-operating characteristics analyses to investigate classification abilities. The total score was lower in patients (bvFTD: 63.8 ± 8.5, svPPA: 58.8 ± 11.3, nfvPPA: 63.5 ± 8.4, lvPPA: 61.7 ± 6.6, AD: 63.8 ± 5.5) than controls (71.3 ± 1.0) ( p < .001). Syntax subscores were lower in svPPA (19.4 ± 4.6; p < .001) and lvPPA (20.3 ± 3.2; p = .002) than controls (23.8 ± 0.4). Phonology subscores were lower in lvPPA (19.8 ± 2.6) than bvFTD (21.7 ± 2.8) ( p = .010). Semantics subscores were lowest in svPPA (17.8 ± 5.0; p < .002). A selective phonological disorder was most prevalent in lvPPA (34.9%). The higher the disease severity, the more linguistic-level disorders. The optimal cutoff for the total score was 70, and 23 for all three subscores. Good classification abilities were found for the Semantics (svPPA vs. bvFTD), Phonology (lvPPA vs. svPPA), and Syntax (nfvPPA vs. lvPPA) subscores. This easy to administer test gives information about language processing with the potential to improve differential diagnosis in memory clinics and in the future potentially also clinical trial planning.
Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Self Report Scale (SCT-SR): Development and Initial Validation Study
Authors: Gozpinar Nuran , Cakiroglu Suleyman , Gormez Vahdet
Published: February 2023

Objective:

Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (SCT) is a psychological construct consisting of daydreaming, confusion, slowness in movements, lethargy, and low motivation. It is important to develop a self-report scale to evaluate SCT symptoms in children and adolescents in order to meet the following needs; (1) Considering the closeness of SCT symptoms with internalized symptoms, it can provide more reliable information, (2) It allows information to be obtained from multiple informants, and (3) The main symptoms of SCT include subjective experiences such as daydreaming and mind wandering that may be difficult to observe from the outside. Therefore, it was aimed to develop a self-report SCT scale.

Method:

A total of 467 adolescents and 178 parents participated in the study. Data were collected with scales.

Results:

The scale consists of 20 items and a single factor. Factor loadings were between 0.60 and 0.81.

Conclusion:

Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Self-Report Scale is a valid and reliable self-report scale.
Validation of Prognostic Club Cell Secretory Protein (CC16) Cut-point in an Independent ALTA Cohort
Authors: Almuntashiri Sultan , Chase Aaron , Sikora Andrea , Zhang Duo
Published: February 2023

Background:

Club cell secretory protein (CC16) has demonstrated utility as a lung-specific biomarker in predicting mortality in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). These findings have been observed in pre-clinical trials and a re-analysis of a large, randomized controlled trial of ARDS (Fluid and Catheter Treatment Trial (FACTT)).

Objectives:

The purpose of this study was to validate previous findings by evaluating CC16 level as a mortality predictor in patients from the albuterol to treat acute lung injury (ALTA) trial.

Design and Method:

In this secondary biomarker analysis, plasma CC16 level was measured from 100 ALTA subjects using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The rate of mortality was assessed in patients with high (⩾45 ng/mL) versus low CC16 (<45 ng/mL) levels. This cut-off level was applied based on our previous analysis from FACTT trial. Significance was assessed using Kaplan-Meier curves and a log-rank test.

Results:

Subjects were an average of 50 years old and 46% of them were females. Patients with high CC16 levels had higher 90-day mortality compared to those with low CC16 levels, (37.73% vs 8.95%, P < .001). Other clinical outcomes including ICU-free days, ventilator-free days, and organ failure free days were significantly different between the groups (All P < .05).

Conclusion:

In this validation study, we demonstrated that ARDS patients with high plasma CC16 concentration had a higher mortality rate than those with low CC16 levels, confirming previous findings that CC16 levels are associated with ARDS mortality.