bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated With an Electronic Health Record–Based Definition of Postacute Sequelae of COVID-19 in Patients With Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Disease
Authors: Patel Naomi J. , Wang Xiaosong , Lin Miao , Kowalski Emily N. , Cook Claire E. , Vanni Kathleen M.M. , Guzzo Krishan , Qian Grace , Bade Katarina J. , Saavedra Alene , Venkat Rathnam , Srivatsan Shruthi , Williams Zachary K. , Hanberg Jennifer S. , Kawano Yumeko , Schiff Abigail E. , Sparks Jeffrey A. , Wallace Zachary S.
Published: March 2024

Objective

Many individuals with rheumatic disease are at higher risk for severe acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to evaluate risk factors for postacute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) using an electronic health record (EHR)-based definition.

Methods

We identified patients with prevalent rheumatic diseases and COVID-19 within the Mass General Brigham healthcare system. PASC was defined by the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10) codes, relevant labs, vital signs, and medications at least 30 days following the first COVID-19 infection. Patients were followed until the earliest of incident PASC, repeat COVID-19 infection, 1 year of follow-up, death, or February 19, 2023. We used multivariable Cox regression to estimate the association of baseline characteristics with PASC risk.

Results

Among 2459 patients (76.37% female, mean age 57.4 years), the most common incident PASC manifestations were cough (14.56%), dyspnea (12.36%), constipation (11.39%), and fatigue (10.70%). Serious manifestations including acute coronary disease (4.43%), thromboembolism (3.09%), hypoxemia (3.09%), stroke (1.75%), and myocarditis (0.12%) were rare. The Delta wave (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.63, 95% CI 0.49-0.82) and Omicron era (aHR 0.50, 95% CI 0.41-0.62) were associated with lower risk of PASC than the early pandemic period (March 2020–June 2021). Age, obesity, comorbidity burden, race, and hospitalization for acute COVID-19 infection were associated with greater risk of PASC. Glucocorticoid (GC) use (aHR 1.19, 95% CI 1.05-1.34 compared to no use) was associated with greater risk of PASC.

Conclusion

Among patients with rheumatic diseases, following their first COVID-19 infection, we found a decreased risk of PASC over calendar time using an EHR-based definition. Aside from GCs, no specific immunomodulatory medications were associated with increased risk, and risk factors were otherwise similar to those seen in the general population.
Orbital and Optic Nerve Sheath Involvement and Pupil-Involving Cranial Nerve 3 Palsy in Giant Cell Arteritis
Authors: Dawoud Salma A. , Ahmad Noor-Us-Sabah , Shriver Erin M. , Chung Sophia M.
Published: March 2024

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) can present with atypical presentations that are diagnostically challenging. An 84-year-old woman with a history of breast adenocarcinoma treated with lumpectomy and radiation 2 years prior presented with a seizure-like episode.
Eigenvalue properties of Sturm-Liouville problems with transmission conditions dependent on the eigenparameter
Authors: Zhang Lanfang , Ao Jijun , Zhang Na
Published: March 2024

This paper studies a discontinuous Sturm-Liouville problem in which the spectral parameter appears not only in the differential equation but also in the transmission conditions. By constructing an appropriate Hilbert space and inner product, the eigenvalue and eigenfunction problems of the Sturm-Liouville problem are transformed into an eigenvalue problem of a certain self-adjoint operator. Next, the eigenfunctions of the problem and some properties of the eigenvalues are given via construction of the basic solution. The Green's function for the Sturm-Liouville problem is also given. Finally, the continuity of the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the problem is discussed. Especially, the differential expressions of the eigenvalues for some parameters have been obtained, including the parameters in the eigenparameter-dependent transmission conditions.
On the number of integers which form perfect powers in the way of $ x(y_1^2+y_2^2+y_3^2+y_4^2) = z^k $
Authors: Wen Tingting
Published: March 2024

Let $ k \geqslant 2 $ be an integer. We studied the number of integers which form perfect $ k $-th powers in the way of

   \begin{document}$ x(y_1^2+y_2^2+y_3^2+y_4^2) = z^k. $\end{document}

For $ k \geqslant4 $, we established a unified asymptotic formula with a power-saving error term for the number of such integers of bounded size under Lindelöf hypothesis, and we also gave an unconditional result for $ k = 2 $.
Bifurcation, chaotic behavior and soliton solutions to the KP-BBM equation through new Kudryashov and generalized Arnous methods
Authors: Bhan Chander , Karwasra Ravi , Malik Sandeep , Kumar Sachin , Arnous Ahmed H. , Shah Nehad Ali , Chung Jae Dong
Published: March 2024

This research paper investigates the Kadomtsev-Petviashvii-Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation. The new Kudryashov and generalized Arnous methods are employed to obtain the generalized solitary wave solution. The phase plane theory examines the bifurcation analysis and illustrates phase portraits. Finally, the external perturbation terms are considered to reveal its chaotic behavior. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the dynamics of the Kadomtsev-Petviashvii-Benjamin-Bona-Mahony wave equation and its applications in real-world phenomena.
A new proof of a double inequality of Masjed-Jamei type
Authors: Wang Fen
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we provide a new simple proof of a double inequality of Masjed-Jamei type proved by L. Zhu [1].
Cross-subject EEG-based emotion recognition through dynamic optimization of random forest with sparrow search algorithm
Authors: Zhang Xiaodan , Wang Shuyi , Xu Kemeng , Zhao Rui , She Yichong
Published: March 2024

The objective of EEG-based emotion recognition is to classify emotions by decoding signals, with potential applications in the fields of artificial intelligence and bioinformatics. Cross-subject emotion recognition is more difficult than intra-subject emotion recognition. The poor adaptability of classification model parameters is a significant factor of low accuracy in cross-subject emotion recognition. We propose a model of a dynamically optimized Random Forest based on the Sparrow Search Algorithm (SSA-RF). The decision trees number (DTN) and the leave minimum number (LMN) of the RF are dynamically optimized by the SSA. 12 features are used to construct feature combinations for selecting the optimal feature combination. DEAP and SEED datasets are employed for testing the performance of SSA-RF. The experimental results show that the accuracy of binary classification is 76.81% on DEAP, and the accuracy of triple classification is 75.96% on SEED based on SSA-RF, which are both higher than that of traditional RF. This study provides new insights for the development of cross-subject emotion recognition, and has significant theoretical value.
Analysis of the COVID-19 model with self-protection and isolation measures affected by the environment
Authors: Hao Jiangbo , Huang Lirong , Liu Maoxing , Ma Yangjun
Published: March 2024

Since the global outbreak of COVID-19, the virus has continuously mutated and can survive in the air for long periods of time. This paper establishes and analyzes a model of COVID-19 with self-protection and quarantine measures affected by viruses in the environment to investigate the influence of viruses in the environment on the spread of the outbreak, as well as to develop a rational prevention and control measure to control the spread of the outbreak. The basic reproduction number was calculated and Lyapunov functions were constructed to discuss the stability of the model equilibrium points. The disease-free equilibrium point was proven to be globally asymptotically stable when $ R_0 < 1 $, and the endemic equilibrium point was globally asymptotically stable when $ R_0 > 1 $. The model was fitted using data from COVID-19 cases in Chongqing between November 1 to November 25, 2022. Based on the numerical analysis, the following conclusion was obtained: clearing the virus in the environment and strengthening the isolation measures for infected people can control the epidemic to a certain extent, but enhancing the self-protection of individuals can be more effective in reducing the risk of being infected and controlling the transmission of the epidemic, which is more conducive to the practical application.
A deterministic transmission model for analytics-driven optimization of COVID-19 post-pandemic vaccination and quarantine strategies
Authors: Mahadhika C. K. , Aldila Dipo
Published: March 2024

This study developed a deterministic transmission model for the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19), considering various factors such as vaccination, awareness, quarantine, and treatment resource limitations for infected individuals in quarantine facilities. The proposed model comprised five compartments: susceptible, vaccinated, quarantined, infected, and recovery. It also considered awareness and limited resources by using a saturated function. Dynamic analyses, including equilibrium points, control reproduction numbers, and bifurcation analyses, were conducted in this research, employing analytics to derive insights. Our results indicated the possibility of an endemic equilibrium even if the reproduction number for control was less than one. Using incidence data from West Java, Indonesia, we estimated our model parameter values to calibrate them with the real situation in the field. Elasticity analysis highlighted the crucial role of contact restrictions in reducing the spread of COVID-19, especially when combined with community awareness. This emphasized the analytics-driven nature of our approach. We transformed our model into an optimal control framework due to budget constraints. Leveraging Pontriagin's maximum principle, we meticulously formulated and solved our optimal control problem using the forward-backward sweep method. Our experiments underscored the pivotal role of vaccination in infection containment. Vaccination effectively reduces the risk of infection among vaccinated individuals, leading to a lower overall infection rate. However, combining vaccination and quarantine measures yields even more promising results than vaccination alone. A second crucial finding emphasized the need for early intervention during outbreaks rather than delayed responses. Early interventions significantly reduce the number of preventable infections, underscoring their importance.
Relationships between employment status with self-perceived mental and physical health in Canada
Authors: Li Anson Kwok Choi , Nowrouzi-Kia Behdin
Published: March 2024

Background

The annual cost of mental illnesses in Canada is estimated to be ＄50 billion. Research from other countries have suggested that employment status is associated with mental and physical health. Within the Canadian context, there is a dearth of research on the relationship between employment and mental health.

Objective

To explore the relationships between age, gender, income, and employment status on mental and physical health.

Methods

The 2021 Canadian Digital Health Survey dataset was used for this study. Data records, which included responses for the questions on age, gender, income, employment status, mental, and physical health, were used in the analysis. Ordinal logistics regression was applied to investigate the associations that may exist between mental and physical health with the various sociodemographic factors. Descriptive statistics were also provided for the data.

Results

The total sample size included in the analysis was 10,630. When compared to respondents who had full-time employment, those who were unemployed were more likely to have lower self-perceived mental health (OR: 1.91; 95% CI: 1.55–2.34). Retired respondents were less likely to have worse mental health than respondents who were employed full-time (OR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.68–0.90). Self-perceived physical health was more likely to be lower for those who were unemployed (OR: 1.74; 95% CI: 1.41–2.14) or retired (OR: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.12–1.48) when compared to respondents employed full-time. The likelihood of worsening mental and physical health was also found to be associated with age, gender, and income.

Conclusion

Our findings support the evidence that different factors contribute to worsening mental and physical health. Full-time employment may confer some protective effects or attributes leading to an increased likelihood of having improved mental health compared to those who are unemployed. Understanding the complex relationships on how various factors impact mental health will help better inform policymakers, clinicians, and other stakeholders on how to allocate its limited resources.
Main factors influencing the digital transparency in higher education institutions
Authors: Ramírez Yolanda , Montero Francisco
Published: March 2024

This paper aims to analyze the online transparency of Spanish higher education institutions and examine the factors that explain the degree of online transparency achieved by these institutions. To this end, this paper analyses the institutional websites of all Spanish universities and develops a global transparency index comprising of four dimensions (“E-information”, “E-Services”, “E-Participation” and “Navigability, Design and Accessibility”). This paper evidences that Spanish universities are aware of the importance of having a web page with adequate navigability, design and accessibility. In contrast, the “E-information” is the least valued dimension, particularly concerning the disclosure about Community services and Outcomes of teaching services. Moreover, the results show that internationality, leverage and size positively affect the online transparency in Spanish universities. From a practical point of view, our findings could be used by university’ managers, regulators and standard-setting bodies to improve the online transparency in universities.
El efecto de la maternidad en la productividad científica analizado a través de la obtención de sexenios de investigación (1990-2020)
Authors: Jiménez Contreras Evaristo , Navarrete Cortés José , Ruiz-Fresneda Carlos , Ruiz Pérez Rafael
Published: March 2024

Este estudio aborda el tema de la productividad científica y las diferencias entre sexos, repasando sus causas, en especial la maternidad. Se analiza el caso de la universidad de Granada a lo largo de los últimos 30 años. Se ha empleado como variable explicativa la tasa de obtención de sexenios y el tiempo invertido para ello. Entendemos que es una herramienta apropiada ya que neutraliza muchos de los factores que se consideran explicativos de estas desigualdades, como la orientación investigadora/docente de las universidades, los casos extremos de productividad y además descarta a los autores no productivos.
Los resultados constatan que la llegada de los hijos afecta a la productividad de la población investigadora; que lo hace en mayor medida en las mujeres e implica unos retrasos significativos a la hora de solicitar sexenios. Igualmente se constata que esta diferencia es mayor en la medida en que hay más hijos pero que se difumina con el tiempo.
Evolución de las tesis doctorales en Documentación, Documentación automatizada y Bibliometría en España: Un estudio de género
Authors: Vidal-Cabo Christian , Aleixandre-Benavent Rafael , Valderrama-Zurián Juan Carlos
Published: March 2024

Las tesis doctorales son trabajos de investigación, originales e inéditos, elaborados por un doctorando/a bajo la supervisión de un/a director/a con experiencia investigadora acreditada. Involucran a otros miembros de la comunidad científica en la fase de defensa, quiénes se encargan de calificar el trabajo. Este estudio presenta un análisis de género de las personas involucradas en las tesis doctorales sobre documentación, documentación automatizada y bibliometría defendidas en universidades españolas entre 2006 y 2021. La fuente de la que se han extraído los datos ha sido TESEO, obteniéndose 657 tesis. Se realiza el análisis de género de los distintos actores involucrados: las mujeres defienden más tesis doctorales que los hombres. Se observa que casi dos tercios de estos trabajos han sido dirigidos por hombres. Apenas existe diferencia de género en los comités evaluadores, gracias a los reglamentos universitarios que exigen cumplir con criterios de paridad.
Estado actual de la accesibilidad web en Latinoamérica: una revisión exploratoria de las evaluaciones y herramientas utilizadas
Authors: Ojeda-Mera Christian , Injante Richard , Valles-Coral Miguel , Pinedo Lloy , Tejada Katterine , García-Bautista Aquilino
Published: March 2024

La accesibilidad web es una responsabilidad social y un derecho civil que se espera que todos los sitios web cumplan. Esta investigación propuso analizar las herramientas, niveles y pautas de evaluación de accesibilidad de los sitios web administrados por instituciones latinoamericanas. La metodología fue una revisión sistemática exploratoria que permitió seleccionar 43 trabajos académicos a partir de la búsqueda en las bases de datos de Scopus, IEEE Xplore y SciELO. Se reconoce que la mayor cantidad de sitios web evaluados son educativos y gubernamentales, también se identifica que la herramienta más utilizada para evaluar la accesibilidad es el Web Accessibility Evaluation Tool, y solo un sitio web cumplió el máximo nivel de accesibilidad web (nivel AAA) según las Directrices de Accesibilidad para el Contenido Web. Los resultados sugieren que se necesita mayor esfuerzo para promover y mejorar la accesibilidad de los sitios web en la región.
La chasse baleinière française, une industrie au cœur des échanges avec les Mondes américains des années 1780 aux années 1830
Authors: Coicaud Cédric
Published: March 2024

L’une des conséquences indirectes et inattendues de la Guerre d’indépendance des États-Unis est la renaissance de l’industrie baleinière en France dans les années 1780. Soumise au strict protectionnisme anglais, la nouvelle nation états-unienne perd son principal débouché commercial pour ses huiles et ses fanons de cétacés. Un transfert massif de capitaux, de techniques et de pratiques vers Dunkerque, puis Le Havre, est alors orchestré par des armateurs et marins expérimentés de New Bedford et des Quakers de l’île de Nantucket. Incarnée par les trajectoires personnelles de la famille Rotch et de Jeremiah Winslow, premier armateur baleinier français du xixe siècle, la baleinerie française s’appuie sur des processus d'échanges humains et socio-économiques mais aussi de savoir-faire transatlantiques qui permettent l’essor de cette branche industrielle halieutique si spécifique.
Une route à travers champs : la mise en relation de l’Amérique rurale (Maryland, Delaware, Pennsylvanie) au commerce atlantique à la fin du xviiie siècle
Authors: Bissières Louis
Published: March 2024

À la fin du xviiie siècle, Levi Hollingsworth, un important marchand de Philadelphie, et ses proches contrôlent une route qui va de ce qui est alors la plus grande ville des États-Unis à Baltimore. Tout au long de cet axe, les Hollingsworth collectent des farines qu’ils expédient depuis les deux ports qui le bordent. En retour, ils irriguent les campagnes de produits importés du sud des États-Unis, des Antilles et d’Europe. Cet article étudie la manière dont cette mise en connexion des espaces ruraux des États-Unis avec le reste des Amériques et l’espace atlantique s’opère au sein de réseaux marchands dans les années 1780-1790. Il s’agit de montrer que la collecte des marchandises est intimement liée à leur commerce. Pour des marchands, contrôler un axe de transport signifie s’assurer l’accès à des fournisseurs et des débouchés. Toutefois, cela fait aussi de la gestion du transport un enjeu dans l’entretien du réseau et confère un pouvoir de négociation à ses usagers.
Le coliving bruxellois. Un marché financiarisé où se côtoient bailleurs particuliers, investisseurs institutionnels et entreprises de gestion
Authors: Casier Charlotte
Published: March 2024

Cette contribution examine les profils des acteurs privés impliqués dans la financiarisation du marché résidentiel locatif privé, en termes de propriété et de gestion. Elle prend comme cas d’étude la niche immobilière du coliving bruxellois, une forme de logement partagée meublée de standing accueillant majoritairement de jeunes expatrié·e·s. Ce secteur est organisé par des entreprises spécialisées qui soit gèrent des établissements appartenant à des propriétaires particuliers, soit acquièrent elles-mêmes des bâtiments grâce à des levées de capitaux auprès d’individus fortunés, de fonds d’investissement ou sociétés cotées en bourse. De ces deux modèles, découlent des géographies d’investissement différenciées. La contribution illustre la multiplicité des acteurs impliqués dans la financiarisation de l’immobilier, confirmant le caractère pluriel de ce processus. Elle souligne également le rôle déterminant des acteurs de la gestion en tant qu’intermédiaires entre locataires et détenteurs de capitaux. Enfin, elle rappelle la nécessaire mise à contribution d’acteurs locaux pour financiariser un territoire.
Voix, corps et « amours nomades » : Les femmes du désert et les ambiguïtés du regard d’Isabelle Eberhardt
Authors: Pârlea Vanezia
Published: March 2024

Consacré principalement à une analyse du dernier texte d’Isabelle Eberhardt, le volume de notes de route Sud Oranais, cet article examine une pluralité de regards que la voyageuse porte sur les « femmes du désert ». Suivant une progression allant d’une série de représentations assez stéréotypées et dépréciatives vers une perspective plus compatissante, voire empathique, cette étude s’attache ainsi à faire ressortir à la fois la complexité et les ambiguïtés du regard eberhardtien.
Le désir, miroir du voyage : Une lecture des « amours » de Maxime Du Camp dans Par les champs et par les grèves
Authors: Ménager Catherine
Published: March 2024

Par les champs et par les grèves est le récit coécrit du voyage en Bretagne entrepris par Gustave Flaubert et Maxime Du Camp en 1847. Dans les chapitres pairs, Maxime Du Camp ose évoquer ses rencontres amoureuses dans un style explicite qui aurait pu choquer son lectorat. L’évolution de son désir peut s’analyser comme une image du voyage en soi : de sa naissance à sa disparition, en passant par son apogée, avec pour perspective, un renouvellement. Ces choix prouvent que Du Camp cherchait à asseoir son statut de futur écrivain voyageur. Ils prouvent également l’influence de la poétique de Chateaubriand en matière de récit viatique telle que Jean-Claude Berchet l’a analysée. Enfin, cette étude ciblée montre que le texte de Du Camp n’est pas sans incidence sur l’œuvre de Gustave Flaubert.
The Emerging Next-Generation Materials for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Barua Ranjit , Datta Sudipto
Published: March 2024

Carbon dots (CDs) represent a next-generation class of materials with immense potential for various biomedical applications. Their unique combination of optical properties, biocompatibility, and tunable surface chemistry positions them as versatile tools for bioimaging, drug delivery, biosensing, and photothermal therapy. As researchers continue to explore and refine the properties of carbon dots, these nanomaterials are poised to play a pivotal role in shaping the future of biomedical technologies. The future of carbon dots in biomedical applications appears promising with ongoing research focusing on enhancing their properties and expanding their functionalities. Further advancements in surface engineering and functionalization strategies will likely lead to the development of CDs with improved stability, specificity, and tailored functionalities for targeted applications.
Analysis on Various Aspects of Internet of Nano-Things (IoNT), Its Integration in Machine Learning, and Its Diverse Applications
Authors: Bahadur Preeti Singh
Published: March 2024

The internet of things (IoT) concept has long been regarded as a crucial driver of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, having the potential to change the way we live. However, the incorporation of nanotechnology promises to increase its impact significantly more. The proliferation of intelligent settings implies application interconnection and the use of the internet. As a result, the concept of the internet of things (IoT) has emerged. The internet of nano things (IoNT) is made possible by the development of the IoT idea, a new communication networks paradigm based on nanotechnology and IoT, that is, a paradigm capable of interconnecting nano-scale devices via existing networks. The concept of the internet of nano things (IoNT) arose from the connecting of these nano devices with the internet. The internet of nano-things (IoNT) is a network of nanoconnected devices, objects, or organisms with unique IDs that wirelessly transport data to the cloud over a computer or cellular network. Data delivery, caching, and energy usage are three of the most important topics in IoNT today.
AI's Function in Sustainable Development's Renewable Energy Planning
Authors: Pramanik Sabyasachi
Published: March 2024

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in the renewable energy sector has emerged as a disruptive force that has the potential to fundamentally alter the ways in which clean energy is produced, distributed, and used. Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, such as machine learning, predictive analytics, optimization algorithms, and smart control systems, have enabled unprecedented improvements in renewable energy systems. These advancements include optimizing energy storage systems to increase grid dependability and stability as well as optimizing solar and wind turbine efficiency via the use of adaptive control and real-time data analysis. Artificial intelligence-driven predictive maintenance has decreased operational costs and downtime, extending the lifespan of renewable infrastructure. AI-powered energy management solutions encourage an energy-saving culture by giving consumers the ability to make informed decisions about how much energy they use.
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Supply Chain Management
Authors: Singh Sanjeet , Madaan Geetika , Swapna H. R. , Kaur Prabjot , Pandey Digvijay , Dadheech Pankaj
Published: March 2024

The development of AI has made it possible to envision “thinking robots” that are capable of learning and taking over human roles. Since the late 1970s, AI has shown considerable promise in improving human decision-making processes and, by extension, productivity across a wide range of business endeavours, thanks to its ability to recognise business patterns, understand business phenomena, seek information, and intelligently analyse data. While artificial intelligence has many practical applications, it is seldom applied in supply chain management (SCM). In order to realise AI's numerous potential benefits, this chapter explores the different areas of AI most suited to tackling real-world SCM difficulties. This chapter of the book achieves precisely that, analysing the history of AI's use in SCM applications and identifying its most potential future uses.
Revolutionizing Supply Chain Management
Authors: Ravuri Ananda , Garg Shaifali , Dondapati Abhishek , Sharma Pradeep , Kalaivaani P. C. D. , Saxena Komal
Published: March 2024

Supply chain management is integral to contemporary business operations, facilitating the flow of goods from suppliers to consumers. Technology has been pivotal in reshaping supply chain processes, transitioning from manual procedures to today's automated and interconnected systems. The emergence of AI and machine learning has further revolutionized supply chain management, providing advanced tools for optimization. This exploration commences with an introduction, followed by an examination of technology's role in enhancing efficiency, transparency, and customer-centric approaches.
Computational Biology Meets Swarm Intelligence
Authors: Nandha Kumar K. G. , Somaiah A. , Lakhanpal Sorabh , Ambilwade R. P. , Maran Pyingkodi , Kalaivaani P. C. D.
Published: March 2024

The convergence of computational biology and swarm intelligence presents transformative possibilities for supply chain management. This chapter offers an overview of the intersection of these fields and their implications for enhancing supply chain operations. Computational biology, a multidisciplinary domain, employs computational tools and techniques for analyzing biological data and addressing complex challenges. Its applications extend beyond biology and hold relevance for supply chain management.
Leveraging Cutting-Edge Technologies and Innovative Strategies to Optimize the IoT and AI Integration in Supply Chain Management
Authors: Ramesh K. , Renjith P. N. , Balasubramani S. , Anto Bennet M. , Saritha S. , Pandey Digvijay , Kanike Uday Kumar
Published: March 2024

Conventional supply chain models are insufficient to satisfy the requirements of contemporary consumers and their growing quantities. This model presents a methodology for incorporating internet of things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI) technology into supply chain management. The objective is to establish a flexible and responsive system. The proposed new model aims to improve the efficiency, transparency, and ecological impact of the supply chain. The proposed integration model of IoT and AI in supply chain is a comprehensive strategy to revolutionizing supply chain management. Organizations can develop more adaptable, productive, and environmentally friendly supply chains that meet the requirements of the contemporary business environment by adopting advanced technology and promoting a culture of innovation. The amalgamation of internet of things (IoT) and machine learning (ML) technology presents significant opportunities to transform supply chain management by enhancing productivity, minimizing expenses, and facilitating more informed decision-making.
Reduction of affected limb use after noxious stimulus in fish: is it an indication of pain sensation?
Authors: Oliveira Rafael Galisa de , Serra Mônica , Urbinati Elisabeth Criscuolo , Wolkers Carla Patrícia Bejo
Published: March 2024

The mobilization of an organism in response to noxious stimulation varies according to the degree of evolution of the nervous system, and the response, which is considered species-specific, depends on the type of noxious stimulus applied. Knowledge about the specific response of a species to a noxious stimulus is crucial to understanding the evolution of nocifensive responses and to providing information about the signals that can indicate discomfort or pain. The present study evaluated the behavioral and hormonal nociceptive responses of Oreochromis niloticus treated by subcutaneous injection of vehicle or formaldehyde 3% in the posterior region of the dorsal fin. Fish receiving formaldehyde injection spent less time with the soft ray dorsal fin moving and more time in a lowered position than vehicle-treated fish, and there was a negative correlation between these two variables in formaldehyde-treated fish. A skin-darkening pattern was identified in fish who died as a result of the noxious stimulus. The speed and distance traveled, plasma cortisol, body and eye darkening, and time spent with the spine ray dorsal fin erect were not significantly different between the treatments. The formaldehyde test activated the nociceptive system in O. niloticus and confirmed the hypothesis that the responses presented to this test are species-specific. In addition, the reduction of affected limb use (soft ray dorsal fin), similar to that observed in mammals submitted to the same test, indicates that pain sensation may be present in these animals.
BP-3, a major component of sunscreen, alters water column use and feeding, but not aggression in Nile tilapias (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Rabelo Isabella Marques , Bessa Eduardo
Published: March 2024

Tourism has increased the contact of tourists with the aquatic environment and is transporting harmful substances such as benzophenone (BP-3) into the water. This is an emerging contaminant present in sunscreens and other cosmetics, which can alter the behavior of fish by acting on the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis. We hypothesized that the use of the water column, feeding, and aggressiveness would be affected by this contaminant. Thirty-six juvenile male Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to BP-3 for 1 to 97 hours were analyzed. We compared the time spent at the bottom of the tank, the latency to feed, and the latency to attack a mirror between control and three BP-3 concentrations using an Anova, both parametric and non-parametric followed by post-hoc tests. We observed that the fish spent less time at the bottom of the tank, a normal condition for tilapia, and ate faster, but showed no change in aggressiveness. Effects varied with concentration and duration of exposure. Previous studies have shown similar results with other fish species, suggesting the metabolic cost of BP-3 as a contaminant, but with no significant effect on aggressiveness. Ours is the first study to address the effect of BP-3 on aggressiveness and habitat use of a bottom-dweller and territorial fish also widely used in aquaculture. Protection against ultraviolet radiation is necessary, but the use of BP-3 for this purpose should be considered with caution.
To eat or not to eat: premature sprouting (vivipary) in cereal and fruit crops
Authors: Cota-Sánchez Jorge Hugo
Published: March 2024

Vivipary also known as the precocious germination of seeds while still attached to the mother plant or fruit, it’s a relatively common phenomenon in angiosperms. However, the proliferating seedlings though interesting to look at, deter customers from eating the fruits. Similarly, vivipary is an adverse phenomenon for the agroindustry because of the lowest quality and palatability of fruits as well as lower seed set and viability. This paper highlights the taxonomic occurrence of vivipary in cereal and crop plants and the detrimental effects of this phenomenon in agricultural crops. According to literature sources, there are 38 fruit crops in which vivipary has been reported. The families Cucurbitaceae, Poaceae, Rutaceae, and Solanaceae include the fruits with the highest incidence of vivipary in the markets.
Organization of health services in the family health strategy: perspectives of basic unit managers
Authors: Geremia Daniela Savi , Krindges Augusto , Oliveira Jiennifer Souza de , Ferreira Jéssica , Celuppi Ianka Cristina , Souza Jeane Barros de
Published: March 2024

To analyze the organization of services offered in the Family Health Strategy, from the perspective of Basic Units managers. Analytical, qualitative study, carried out through a focus group, with the participation of 25 managers of Basic Family Health Units in a pole city in the West of Santa Catarina. For systematization and data analysis, the Discourse of the Collective Subject was used, based on the theory of social representations, which resulted in three Central Ideas. Three Central Ideas emerged: ‘The influence of Structural Factors for the Development of Services in the Family Health Strategy’, ‘Care and management organization of work in the Family Health Strategy’ and ‘Access and user’s satisfaction from the perspective of Basic Health Units managers’. Some challenges were evidenced in management practices, such as inadequate infrastructure, professional turnover and conduct based on the medical-hegemonic model. The difficulty in offering comprehensive, individualized, and longitudinal care was emphasized, which directly influences user’s satisfaction. The health care model and the articulation of the network determine the forms of care and management organization of services, which impact on guaranteeing access and resolution in the care provided to users.
Investigation of students’ intent to use the online learning platform with usability dimensions
Authors: Akpınar Fatma Handan , Yörük Tayfun
Published: March 2024

When we look at today’s technological developments, we see that the concepts of education and training experience diversity in parallel with Human Computer Interaction (HCI). Thanks to developments in technology, an increasing number of people are able to access more information day by day. The use of the Internet and the educational environments to which it is connected is increasing rapidly in Türkiye as well as around the world. With the integration of technology in education, the aim is to acquire the best and highest quality efficiency from education by striving to remain current and by being open to change, innovation, and development at all times. In this context, within the scope of the ‘FATİH (Movement to Increase Opportunities and Improve Technology) Project’ developed in 2010, to increase the quality and efficiency of education through the integration of technology, a digital education platform, the EBA (Educational Information Network), was established by the Ministry of National Education to communicate between teachers and students and to provide materials that they can use throughout their educational life. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of the usability of the EBA, which is a contributing factor in increasing the quality and efficiency of education, on the intentions of high school students to use it within the scope of Human-Computer Interaction. For this purpose, the ‘Scale of the Usability of Online Learning Platform’ was developed, and using this scale, the usability of the EBA was evaluated with the sub-dimensions of Content Design, General Design Considerations, and Learnability, and its effects on the Intentions to Use of high school students were measured.
Free vibration analysis employing strain gradient notation four-node plane elements and considering the effects of parasitic shear
Authors: Bortoli Lucas Herber , Abdalla Filho João Elias
Published: March 2024

In this work, plane stress free vibration is performed using four-node elements formulated using strain gradient notation. Accurate results are sought, and the effects of parasitic shear are investigated. By applying strain gradient notation, which is a physically interpretable notation, parasitic shear terms are identified a priori in the shear strain expressions of the four-node plane element. Parasitic shear is the source of shear locking in that element, and the a priori removal of the parasitic shear terms corrects the element for locking. Several studies in the literature show that this modeling error causes improper behavior of the element in bending, which affects the computed results of stress and displacements of the structure. Based on this, this work applies strain gradient notation to examine the effects of parasitic shear on the natural frequencies and corresponding mode shapes of plane stress structures. The results are compared with literature results, and with the isoparametric FEM formulation modeled by ANSYS software. It is observed that parasitic shear has a higher preponderance in coarse meshes of flexural vibration modes. Furthermore, the deleterious effects are emphasized as bending deformation becomes more important in the model. Strain gradient notation shows advantages in the numerical aspect and successfully eliminates the parasitic shear terms from the four-node element. The problems studied here display accurate results.
Critical Care Nurses’ Moral Resilience, Moral Injury, Institutional Betrayal, and Traumatic Stress After COVID-19
Authors: Weissinger Guy M. , Swavely Deborah , Holtz Heidi , Brewer Katherine C. , Alderfer Mary , Lynn Lisa , Yoder Angela , Adil Thomas , Wasser Tom , Cifra Danielle , Rushton Cynda
Published: March 2024

Background

Traumatic stress and moral injury may contribute to burnout, but their relationship to institutional betrayal and moral resilience is poorly understood, leaving risk and protective factors understudied.

Objectives

To examine traumatic stress symptoms, moral injury symptoms, moral resilience, and institutional betrayal experienced by critical care nurses and examine how moral injury and traumatic stress symptoms relate to moral resilience, institutional betrayal, and patient-related burnout.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included 121 critical care nurses and used an online survey. Validated instruments were used to measure key variables. Descriptive statistics, regression analyses, and group t tests were used to examine relationships among variables.

Results

Of participating nurses, 71.5% reported significant moral injury symptoms and/or traumatic stress. Both moral injury symptoms and traumatic stress were associated with burnout. Regression models showed that institutional betrayal was associated with increased likelihood of traumatic stress and moral injury. Increases in scores on Response to Moral Adversity subscale of moral resilience were associated with a lower likelihood of traumatic stress and moral injury symptoms.

Conclusions

Moral resilience, especially response to difficult circumstances, may be protective in critical care environments, but system factors (eg, institutional betrayal) must also be addressed systemically rather than relying on individual-level interventions to address nurses’ needs.
YTHDC1/CRM1 Facilitates m6A-Modified circRNA388 Nuclear Export to Induce Coelomocyte Autophagy via the miR-2008/ULK Axis in Apostichopus japonicus
Authors: Liu Jiqing , Shao Yina , Li Chenghua
Published: March 2024

N 6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most prevalent internal modification in eukaryotic RNA, was able to mediate circular RNA (circRNA) function in many immune processes. Nevertheless, the functional role of m6A-modified circRNAs in innate immunity of invertebrates remained unclear. In this study, we identified m6A-modified circRNA388 from cultured sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) coelomocytes, which was mainly detected in cytoplasm after Vibrio splendidus infection. A knockdown assay indicated that cytoplasm circRNA388 promoted coelomocyte autophagy and decreased the number of intracellular V. splendidus. Mechanistically, the circRNA388 in the cytoplasm directly sponged miR-2008 to block its interaction with Unc-51–like kinase 1 from A. japonicus (AjULK) and further promoted autophagy to resist V. splendidus infection. More importantly, we found that m6A modification was vital to circRNA388 nuclear export with YTH domain–containing protein 1 from A. japonicus (AjYTHDC1) as the reader. AjYTHDC1 facilitated the nuclear export of m6A-modified circRNA388 via interaction with exportin-1 (chromosomal maintenance 1) from A. japonicus (AjCRM1). Knockdown of AjCRM1 could significantly decrease the content of cytoplasm circRNA388. Overall, our results provide the first evidence that nuclear export of m6A-modified circRNA388 is dependent on the novel AjCRM1 to our knowledge, which was further promoted coelomocyte autophagy by miR-2008/AjULK axis to clear intracellular V. splendidus.
Power Envelope Analyses of Chiplet Module and System-on-Chip
Authors: Ouyang Eric , Gu Xiao , Jeong Yonghyuk
Published: March 2024

A novel power management method was developed to predict the reliability of silicon, and the method is applicable to both multichip and System-on-Chip packages. The System-on-Chip here refers to a single die which has many functional blocks and each functional block can be treated as an individual die. With power envelope analysis, the risk values of die powers are determined. An effective risk value considerig all the powers of dies may be defined to determine the overall impact. As circuit design engineers select and define the power magnitudes of dies, the distances to the threshold planes on the power envelope plots are calculated to determine the thermal reliability. The method also allows reliability engineers to define a weight scale value to reflect the ruling of each die, and this is very impportant for practical design and assembly because different dies may have different levels of reliability concerns. An advanced histogram method was used to compare the impact of power magnitudes of dies on the thermal reliability. We have implemented the approach to study the thermal reliability of a chiplet module and a System-on-Chip. In conclusion, this paper implements a power envelope analysis to help determine the allowed and optimized powers of the dies on a chiplet module or the powers of the functional blocks on an SoC package.
Transforming WLP Applications: Introducing Cutting-Edge Next-Generation Nanotwinned Copper Processes to Revolutionize Hybrid Bonding
Authors: Ye Pingping , Han Jianwen , Braye Stephan , Whitten Kyle , Hayes Veronica , Khanna Harshul , Letize Adam , Richardson Thomas , Najjar Elie
Published: March 2024

We discuss two electrochemical plating approaches for nanotwinned copper (ECP nt-Cu) - Gen 1 and Gen 2. These two approaches allow control over columnar width and transition layer thickness on Cu substrates, enabling the filling of nanotwinned Cu for bonding applications. Both approaches produce stable nt-Cu structures with minimal transition layers when electroplated on (111) Cu substrate. However, grain size, transition layer thickness on polycrystalline substrates and feature-filling behavior differ. The researchers suggest that the choice between Gen 1 and Gen 2 depends on the feature size, aspect ratio and applications. In addition, further exploration into other additives may improve bottom-up filling capabilities, enabling more versatility for applications. Both approaches enable the filling of nanotwinned Cu inside bottom-seeded and complete-seeded features, with 100% nanotwin growth parallel to the substrate for bottom-seeded features. However, nanotwin growth percentage and direction depend on feature aspect ratio and size for complete-seeded features. Gen 2 tends to have less sidewall growth due to its smaller grain size and is more compatible with other additivies, making it promising for high aspect ratio small features.
Rigorous Reliability Testing of an Encapsulated Thermal Pyrolytic Graphite (TPG) Heat Spreader for Passive Thermal Management Applications
Authors: Leach J. , Gallaugher M. , Douzos G. , Frank J. , Liu X. , Longworth D. , Krencisz D. , Fan W.
Published: March 2024

Continued microelectronic miniaturization has resulted in higher power density, increasing the need for high performance thermal management. One possible solution for board-level thermal management is to fully encapsulate a high thermal conductivity material, such as Thermal Pyrolytic Graphite (TPG; ~1700 W/mK) in a metal (such as 6061 aluminum), producing an efficient passive heat spreader for thermal dissipation. The metal shell provides sufficient mechanical strength at a small detriment to the overall thermal conductivity. Reliability and consistent performance over time are critical for thermal management systems, especially in Defense and Aerospace applications. MIL-STD-883H provides test parameters for reliability involving exposure to mechanical shock (Method 2002.5), mechanical vibration (Method 2005.2), and thermal shock (Method 1011.9), with traditional evaluation criteria involving microelectronic device performance and/or a visual examination. For this work, the reliability of aluminum encapsulated TPG test coupons was evaluated with more demanding criteria: a visual examination, X-ray inspection, acoustic microscopy, and thermal conductivity performance testing, both before and after the previously discussed MIL-STD-883H exposures. The encapsulated coupons showed excellent robustness; the thermal conductivity properties remained constant with an average value around 965 W/mK, and the non-destructive imaging revealed excellent bond quality for the metal encapsulation, with no evidence of delamination. This more stringent evaluation criteria after MIL-STD-883H testing provides a better way to evaluate the reliability of passive thermal management systems. The study results also demonstrate the metal encapsulated TPG heat spreader as a superior thermal management solution with high performance and high reliability for demanding applications.