bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TRANSPARENCY OF FISCAL RELATIONS AS A PREREQUISITE IN VAT ADMINISTRATION AND REFUND
Authors: Synchak Viktor , Yarmolenko Yurii
Published: January 2024

The research article emphasizes the peculiarities of the Value Added Tax (hereafter – VAT) mechanism functioning, which provides not only one-direction movement of funds to the budget, but also the reverse movement. Due to such a variety of fiscal relations, there is a doubling of interests for the state and value added tax payers. It is determined that in order to balance the interests of subjects of fiscal relations and ensure transparency in their relations, transparency in the processes of VAT administration and refund becomes particularly relevant. It is proved that the concept of tax transparency in relations between taxpayers and state financial bodies is considered by a significant part of the authors in the area of digital transformation aimed at introducing effective administration of tax revenues to maximize the filling of budget revenues with optimal administrative costs for administration processes. Reasons are given for the lack of a unified approach to the procedure for analysing the transparency of value added tax data generated on the basis of tax reporting submitted by business entities through the Single Window for Electronic Reporting automated system.

The amounts of budgetary refund of value added tax paid by VAT payers when importing goods into Ukraine are calculated. A correlation analysis was carried out and, on the basis of which the impact of paid «import VAT» on imported goods to Ukraine on the growth of budgetary refund in 2013–2022 was determined. It is substantiated that the amount of budgetary refund by 87% depends on the VAT paid during the customs clearance of imported goods to Ukraine, while other factors account for only 13%.

Argumentative issues were emphasized when grouping the analytical data on the performance of the State Budget of Ukraine on «internal VAT» less the entire amount of budget refund. It is proposed that the state financial bodies (the Ministry of Finance, the State Treasury, the State Tax Service of Ukraine) publish the amounts of budgetary refund by its types (export, import, domestic operations, combined refund), which will contribute to tax transparency and the quality of reports on the performance of the State Budget of Ukraine. It is substantiated that the names of VAT as a «tax on goods imported into the customs territory of Ukraine» and a «tax on goods (works, services) produced in Ukraine» are not debatable. It is proposed to change their names to a «value added tax on imported goods produced and sold in Ukraine».

The conclusions are drawn on the need for transparency aimed at providing access to information in the processes of VAT administration and refund in order to maximize the revenues of the State Budget of Ukraine while observing fair taxation and budget refund for the categories of taxpayers established by law.
EXPERIMENTAL DEVELOPMENT OF DISC GRAIN MILL
Authors: Dudin Volodymyr , Bilous Illia
Published: January 2024

In the structure of the product's production, feed is in the first place and accounts for 60-70% of the total cost. The effectiveness of stagnation of concentrated feed depends on the quality of their preparation, and the uniformity of detail and type of fractional stock of animal husbandry products.
In the midst of all the development of methods of refinement and design solutions for the greatest expansion for the refinement of feed grain, hammer mills have emerged, which, unlike any other in the world, provide energy saving, with fine grinding up to 40% of the saw-like fraction, and for coarse grains - up to 20% of whole and incomplete grains. At the same time, disk-type grain trimming designs are becoming more and more widespread in the world. Such structures are developed from hammer construction with lower energy consumption and higher yield of the finished product. Therefore, further research aimed at improving the efficiency of the work of disk workers is relevant.
Experimental studies of disk grain processing were carried out based on the theoretical design of the experiment, which was why mathematical models of processes were selected in the form of regression. The factors in the experiment were the frequency of disk wrapping n (x1), the modular gap between the disks m (x2) and the moisture content of the grain W (x3). Optimization criteria are the energy density of the detail q (y1) and the uniformity of k (y2). The energy intensity of the process began as a balance between effort and productivity. Uniformity began as a relationship instead of often with rational parameters to the point of importance and was expressed in hundreds.
As a result of experimental studies of disk grain processing, it has been established that the energy intensity of the process and the uniformity of the grain are dependent on all relevant factors, with which rational indicators are based on optimization criteria and do not match. The main task is to find the optimal variation of factors for two criteria, which makes it possible to confirm that the minimum energy intensity of the process is in the range q = 3.67…4.54 kWhour/t, one Particularity - k=86.5…92.6% at values of additional factors n=1260-1320 min-1; W=12.8-13.2% for a rational range of refinement steps.
Tirana, new metropolis: reinventing a new sustainable image for Albania
Authors: Shutina Dritan , Toto Rudina , Gjika Anila , Karafili Elona , Ymeri Habib
Published: January 2024

Most of the urban growth of Albania has taken place within Tirana-Durrës-Fushë Kruja triangle. For the past 24 years Tirana has been expanding organically beyond its administrative boundary, especially in the northwest and south. Similarly, all Tirana’s neighboring local governments have been expanding in size and increasing in population forming an urban agglomeration, which is part of Tirana-Durrës metropolis.
Re-use and Revitalization of Military Bunkers in the Albanian Riviera
Authors: Luca Egla
Published: January 2024

The Albania of today is littered with many used and unused buildings - such as bunkers, former industrial buildings - places and spaces which are the legacy of almost 50 years of communist rule. However, these structures are only part of the vision that dictator Enver Hoxha had for the future of Albania during The Cold War. The other portion of the story is partially or fully underground, hidden within subterranean bunkers and tunnels built to protect Albanians in the event of an invasion or aerial attack. Some of these reinforced concrete structures were created to shelter civilians, but most were designed for military training, storage and guns for the defense of the Albanian motherland. These were the most visible and substantial ‘products’ of the intensive industrialization program, today appearing like mushrooms dotted across the Albanian landscape. The reuse of these buildings in the Albanian Riviera is a major design challenge key to any larger agenda regarding Albania’s emerging identity in terms of design and development, urban or otherwise.
Effects of Compound Xuanju Capsule on T Lymphocyte Subsets in Patients With Unexplained Recurrent Abortion
Authors: Yu Kang , Xu Cheng-Juan , Zhang Chuan-Xia , Zhang Yue-Min
Published: January 2024

Objective: To investigate the effect of compound Xuanju capsule on T lymphocyte subsets in patients with unexplained recurrent abortion. Methods: The effect of compound Xuanju capsule for the treatment of unexplained recurrent abortion wasinvestigated in a randomized, single blind and clinical trial with control of prednisone and lymphocyte immunotherapy. 211 patients were randomly divided into three groups which were given compound Xuanju capsule, prednisone, and lymphocyte immunotherapy respectively. The main outcome measures were T lymphocyte subsets (T lymphocyte ratio, Th cell ratio, Ts cell ratio, Th/Ts cell ratio, NK cell ratio) whichwas detected in the three groups before and after treatment (at the end of one course of treatment) and the secondary outcome measure was TCM syndrome grade andpregnancy outcome. Results: (1) T lymphocyte subsets: Compared with beforetreatment, the Total T cell ratio showed no significant difference (P>0.05) in the threegroups. The Th cell ratio was lower (P<0.01) in the three groups and the decrease of Thcell ratio in compound Xuanju capsule group and prednisone group was moresignificant than that in the immunotherapy group (P < 0.01). The Ts cell ratio was higher in compound Xuanju capsule group and prednisone group (P < 0.05). The Th/Ts cellratio was lower in the three groups (P < 0.05) and the decrease of Th/Ts cell ratio incompound Xuanju capsule group and prednisone group was more significant than thatin the immunotherapy group (P < 0.05). Total proportion of NK was lower (P<0.001) in the compound Xuanju capsule group and prednisone group. The Total NK cell ratioshowed no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the immunotherapy group (P > 0.05). (2)Pregnancy outcome: Pregnancy outcomes were significantly improved but there wasno significant difference (P > 0.05) in the three groups. (3) TCM syndrome grade:Compared with before treatment, the TCM syndrome grade was lower (P<0.05) in the Copyright © 2024 Cognizant Communication Corp.Acupuncture & Electro-therapeutics Research E-pubthree groups and the decrease of TCM syndrome grade in compound Xuanju capsulegroup was more significant than that in the prednisone group and immunotherapy group(P < 0.01). Conclusion: Compared with before treatment, the Th cell ratio, Th/Ts cellratio and Total NK cell ratio was lower and the Ts cell ratio was higher in compoundXuanju capsule group. Pregnancy outcomes of patients were significantly improved.Compound Xuanju capsule is superior to prednisone and lymphocyte immunotherapywhen it comes to TCM syndrome grade reduction. These results suggest that CompoundXuanju Capsule can regulate the immune function of unexplained recurrentspontaneous abortion (URSA) patients, suppress abnormal immune response, and playa certain role in the treatment of recurrent abortion with unknown causes
Analysis of employee's work stress as an intervening variable on employee performance effect of PT. UTB uses path analysis method
Authors: Khoiriyah Denis Firda , Muhamad Imron Zamzani  , Mochamad Sulaiman
Published: January 2024

The use of human resources is crucial to every business and organizational activity. Companies have a variety of options for enhancing the quality of their human resources, including raising staff productivity. Employee performance is the work that they do, and the outcomes they produce are in line with the objectives of the business or organization. Employee performance is affected by a number of variables, including workload and job motivation. Additionally, job stress has an impact on how well employees perform. Because of an imbalance between workload and aptitude, someone experiences work stress. Based on this, this study seeks to ascertain the impact of workload and work motivation on employee performance as well as the impact of these factors on employee performance as it relates to work stress at PT.UTB. route analysis or route analysis is the research methodology employed. The extent of the independent factors' impact on the dependent variable through the intermediary variables can be seen using path analysis. The information was gathered from 39 respondents across 50 populations. The analysis's findings indicate that while work motivation has a direct, significant positive impact on employee performance, workload has a direct, significant negative impact. Employee performance is impacted by workload through employee work stress at a PT.UTB of 0.51 and by work motivation through employee work stress at a PT.UTB of 0.83
The intelligent approach is used by decision support systems for tourist destinations in North Sumatra
Authors: Taufik Abdullah  , Sihombing Jeremia Jordan , Maulana Malik Fajri  , Debi Yandra Niska
Published: January 2024

The sheer amount of tourism attractions in North Sumatra makes it difficult for visitors to choose where they wish to travel. Tourists can select the ideal place, but they must also deal with a number of issues, such as time and financial limits, which can significantly influence the selection. Therefore, the goal of this study is to assist travelers in selecting the top tourist destination in North Sumatra based on their time and financial constraints. The Simple Attribute Rating Technique (SMART) technique is employed in this study to choose tourist attractions based on four criteria: the measurement of the distance to tourist locations from the city center, the quantity of public tourist facilities, the cost of entrance tickets to attractions, and the daily average of visitors to attractions. The study's findings show that the Decision Support System is competent at handling data and making the best suggestions for tourism attractions. The findings revealed that Sibolangit Forest was the superior alternative in general. Sipiso-piso In addition, waterfall was chosen as the best substitute for places with waterfalls, Lake Toba was chosen as the best substitute for destinations with lakes, and Dua Rasa River was chosen as the best substitute for destinations with rivers. One piece of advice is to compare it to other decision support system techniques and add other factors, such as cleanliness, safety, age, tour kind, and ease of access to tourist attractions
Overview of 5G services and spectrum deployment in urban regions
Authors: Suryanto Suryanto , Yuli Kurnia Ningsih
Published: January 2024

The development of 2G, 3G, 4G, WiFi, and other advancements that provide greater reliability and coverage and are focused on high data rates and low latency has led to the development of 5G technology. We must, however, overcome a number of obstacles before we can deploy 5G in Indonesia, particularly in terms of choosing the appropriate frequency. This assessment can help in assessing and resolving issues with spectrum, infrastructure, and other technical factors while also helping to understand the demands and characteristics of urban areas and determine the best spectrum allocation to fulfill the increasing demand for connectivity in urban areas. This study's methodology include a qualitative literature evaluation and mini-review of related studies. This study attempts to review 5G technology and discuss the difficulties and barriers that must be overcome for it to be used in urban settings. The findings of this study point to significant difficulties and barriers in the deployment of 5G networks in Indonesia. If rules are in place to support them, particularly those regarding the frequency band designated for 5G, all hurdles and obstacles will turn into possibilities. The primary frequency range needed for 5G implementations, particularly the 700 MHz (low band) frequency, 3.3–4.2 GHz (mid band), and 24.2–29.5 GHz (high band), must be able to access enough spectrum to meet the demands expected of 5G implementations. In order to increase outdoor capacity in cities with high user concentrations, high-band radio frequency offers convenience in satisfying user needs according to user density and area distribution. for instance, near other public areas, the major business district, and train and bus stations. In comparison to high band radio frequency, low band and medium band radio frequency have a greater coverage area, making them more suitable for use in rural areas with low population densities but strong demand for network services. The requirement for network infrastructure has the same issues as 4G network services, including a lack of coverage for all of Indonesia. Urban areas have more internet users than rural areas, therefore there is a need for suitable infrastructure to expand the reach of 5G technology, which has extremely low latency, address network capacity issues, improve coverage, and offer superior 5G NR services
Travel application itinerary using the traveling salesman problem method and the held-karp algorithm
Authors: Ade Ade Zaldi Eureka Zendar , Syarifah Putri Agustini Alkadri  , Izhan Fakhruzi
Published: January 2024

The Kapuas Hulu Regency is home to several fascinating tourist spots, yet finding directions inside the regency can be challenging for visitors. The Held-Karp Algorithm can be used to find the fastest route between any two cities with only one stop, which is known as the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP). Bellman, Held, and Karp created this dynamic program in 1962 with the goal of minimizing travel time and expenses. The number of cities to be visited (forming nodes in the graph), the point of origin (the starting node in the graph), and the distances between the cities (weights between the nodes) must all be specified in the model of the TSP problem before the Held-Karp Algorithm can be applied. The focus of this study will be tourist destinations in West Kalimantan's Kapuas Hulu Regency. A system that uses the Held-Karp Algorithm to find the shortest paths between different tourist spots in Kapuas Hulu Regency will be built as part of this project. As a result, this technology will help tourists plan their trips effectively and minimize their expenditures for both time and transportation
Analysis of changes in bread during frozen storage with pre-cooking and steaming
Authors: Siti Nur Azizah  , Wisnu Adi Yulianto  , Ch. Lilis Suryani
Published: January 2024

Frozen storage methods in bakery products have been widely applied to maintain quality and extend shelf life. Early cooking by steaming followed by frozen storage on bread is an effective way to slow down the spoilage process. The length of time frozen storage affects the physical, chemical, microstructure, thermal, and sensory reception properties. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the quality of bread by pre-cooking steaming during frozen storage and after re-cooking. The research was carried out with the storage time treatment factors, time of 0, 14, 28, 42, 56 and 70. Parameters analyzed in frozen bread include texture testing, volume expansion rate, moisture content, dissolved protein content and crumbs (SEM), thermal properties with Differential Scanning Calorimatry, as well as the level of preference. The result showed that the longer the frozen storage, the harder the texture, the level of volume development, the lower the water and dissolved protein content and the smaller the pores of the bread. Bread texture increased in hardness along with the lenght of frozen storage, namely 8.70 N increased to 17.44 N, while the water content decreased from 30.02% (w/w) to 26.70% (w/w). the highest soluble protein content was obtained on the 14th day which was 1.53% and the lowest was on the 70th day, which was 1.31%. The result of the SEM test showed that there was a reduction in the pore size of bread compared to on day 0. The results of DSC thermogram showed that the longer the frozen storage of bread with the initial cooking of steaming, the lower the gelatinization and enthalpy temperatures, and the smaller the pore size is small. Storage of frozen bread until day 56 resulted in bread quality that has nor changed and is still accepted by the panelists.
Quality control to reduce production defects using control chart, fishbone diagram, and FMEA
Authors: Yudha Adi Kusuma  , Halwa Annisa Khoiri  , I Made Aryantha A.  , Bagus Herlambang
Published: January 2024

Quality improvement is necessary to overcome the occurrence of defective products during the production cycle. The occurrence of defective products is difficult to avoid. Therefore, the Sugar Factory (SG) business unit at PT XYZ began to implement quality control for sugar production. Based on these events, an analysis of quality measurement is carried out through this research. The methods used in this research are control chart, fishbone diagrams, and failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA). The results of the control map measurement using the p-chart and u-chart show that there is no sugar production process that is out of control. Although nothing is out of control, it is also necessary to analyze it using a fishbone diagram to determine the cause of the defects that occur. The results of the measurements with FMEA can be known sub-factors that have the highest RPN, namely negligence of operations, poor sugar cane sorting, changes in production schedules, incomplete repair areas, and poorly organized layouts. From the results of data processing, it can be seen that quality control needs to be carried out by the company. One of them is by making standard operating procedures (SOP) related to the sugar processing process. In addition, the raw materials for making sugar also need to be considered, so that the process will produce sugar with better quality
Luottamus mielenterveystyössä
Authors: Rissanen Päivi , Stenvall Jari , Pirkola Sami , Jalava Janne
Published: January 2024

Tiivistelmä
Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli selvittää, miten luottamus mielenterveystyössä rakentuu ammattilaisten näkökulmasta. Käytimme aineistona Suomen Psykiatriyhdistyksen ja Psykologiliiton jäseniltä vuonna 2021 kerättyä Mielenterveysbarometri-kyselyyn kuuluvaa osa-aineistoa. Kyselyyn vastasi 509 psykologia ja 145 psykiatria. Analysoimme 337 avovastausta luottamuksen rakentumisesta mielenterveystyössä. Tulostemme mukaan luottamus mielenterveystyössä rakentuu kolmen tosiinsa yhteydessä olevan ulottuvuuden kautta. Luottamus perustuu ensinnäkin työntekijän ominaisuuksiin ja luonteenpiirteisiin sekä tietoon ja taitoihin. Toisena perustavana ulottuvuutena ovat palvelujärjestelmän rakenteet ja käytänteet, joista keskeisiä ovat salassapito- ja kirjaamiskäytänteet. Kolmantena ulottuvuutena ovat asiakassuhteet, jotka rakentuvat kahden edellisen ulottuvuuden varaan ja jossa keskeistä on yhteistyö, asiakkaan kuunteleminen ja kunnioittaminen.
Abstract
The aim of the study was to analyze how trust is built in mental health work from the perspective of professionals. The data are collected in 2021 from the members of the Finnish Psychiatric Association and the Finnish Association of Psychologists as part of Mental Health Barometer survey. 509 psychologists and 145 psychiatrists answered to the survey. The focus of the study was on the analysis of the 337 open-ended responses to the survey using a content analysis. According to our results, trust is built through three interrelated dimensions. First of all, building of trust is engendered by professionals’ character traits, knowledge, and skills. Another fundamental dimension is related to structures and practices of the service system, whereby confidentiality and recording practices are essential. The third dimension is the relationship between professional and client, which is based on the two previous dimensions. Besides, cooperation, listening to and respecting the client are essential.
”Kehitysvammaisia säälitään ja pyörätuolikäyttäjiä nöyryytetään”
Authors: Ahonen Karoliina , Rautiainen Pauli
Published: January 2024

Tiivistelmä
Artikkelissa pohditaan haastatteluaineiston perusteella vammaisuuden erimuotojen eriasteista stigmaattisuutta hahmottelemalla käsiteanalyysin avulla elementtejä, joista vammaisuuden hierarkia suomalaisessa yhteiskunnassa tällä hetkellä koostuu. Samaan aikaan, kun työelämäosallisuus määrittää selvästi ihmisen paikkaa suomalaisessa yhteiskunnassa, suurimpaan osaan vammaisista kohdistuu työelämän ulkopuolisuuden stigma. Kognitiivisen erilaisuuden stigma kohdistuu kehitysvammaisiin, neurokirjolle kuuluviin ja vaikeasti psyykkisesti sairaisiin. Näihin ryhmiin suhtaudutaan kuitenkin myötätuntoisemmin kuin kehollisesti poikkeaviin. Kehollisen poikkeavuuden stigma kohdistuu kaikkein voimakkaimmin kävely- tai puhekyvyttömiin. Näkyvän avun tarpeen stigma kohdistuu erityisen voimakkaasti pyörätuolikäyttäjiin. Artikkelin analyysin perusteella juuri pyörätuolikäyttäjät ovat ryhmä, johon kohdistuu suurinta vammaisvihaa.
Abstract
Based on interview data, the article examines the varying degrees of stigmatization of different forms of disability by describing with conceptual analysis the elements that make up the present hierarchy of disabilities in Finnish society. Whilst participation in working life clearly indicates a person’s place in Finnish society, most disabled people face the stigma of being excluded from working life. The stigma of cognitive abnormality is attached to people with intellectual disabilities, people belonging to the neurodiversity spectrum and people with severe mental disorders. However, these groups are viewed more sympathetically than the physically abnormal. The stigma of physical abnormality is strongest for people who are unable to walk or speak. The stigma of visible needs is particularly strong against wheelchair users. The analysis of the study shows that wheelchair users are the group most exposed to disability stigma.
The Effect of Ethanoic Extract of Tetrapleuratetraptera (Uyayak) on Pain Sensitivity of Female Wistar Rats
Authors: Wami-Amadi, C. F  , Owhorji B. I  , Victor, P. D  , Nonju, I. I  , Edward, F. U  , Oparaodu. U. A
Published: January 2024

Background: In African traditional medicine, the dried pods of Tetrapleura tetraptera are frequently used tomanage different human ailments. In Nigeria, it is consumed in soups after childbirth to aid in wound healing,pain relief, uterine recovery, and lactation. The study investigates the impact of Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit extracton pain sensitivity using Wistar rats.Methods: Twelve female Wistar rats were divided into two groups (Group 1 - Control and Group 2 -100mg/kg Tetrapleura tetraptera extract-fed) and received standard rat chow and water for fourteen days followingwhich pain sensitivity was assessed using a hot plate. The results were presented as Mean and IndependentStudent T-test was utilized for statistical analysis with significance determined at P≤0.05. Increased pain toleranceindicated reduced sensitivity.The escape latencies of both groups were 5secs and 10secs respectively. Group 2 demonstrated a noteworthyincrease in pain tolerance compared to Group 1 (P < 0.05). analgesic This experimental study indicates that theethanoic extract of Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit has properties.Conclusion: The result of this study provides support for the use of dried Tetrapleura tetraptera pods in painmanagement across some communities in Southern Nigeria.
Comparative Study of Instrument Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization and Massage on Neck Pain
Authors: Prity  , Mahesh Ahire  , Tanya  , Yash  , Ruchika Pal  , Aditi Singh
Published: January 2024

Objective: This review article aims to compare and analyse the effect of Instrument Assisted soft tissue mobilizationand massage on neck pain.Methods: This review analysed two databases i.e. (PubMed, google scholar), and extracted the studies of neckpain. Article published in the English language were included in the studies from 2016 to 2023. 10 studies wereincluded in this review. Outcome measures used neck pain intensity, and neck disability, and secondary outcomesmeasure were quality of life (QOL), neck range of motion (ROM), visual analogue scale(VAS).Result: Ten studies on 328 patients with neck pain comparing IASTM with Massage were included. Finding ofthe studies demonstrated that both IASTM and massage treatment were efficient in lowering neck discomfort andenhancing neck range of motion. IASTM showed significant improvement as compared to massage treatment interms of minimising discomfort and enhancing neck mobility.(p=0.05, p=0.001)Conclusion: It can be inferred from the comparative study of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilisation (IASTM)and massage on neck pain that both treatments are efficient in easing discomfort and enhancing range of motion insufferers of neck pain. IASTM was significant to massage in terms of relieving pain and enhancing neck mobility.But it’s crucial to remember that each intervention has its own distinct advantages and could be a better choice forsome people depending on their requirements and preferences.
Motivated with joy or anxiety: Does approach-avoidance goal framing elicit differential reward-network activation in the brain?
Authors: Sakaki Michiko , Murayama Kou , Izuma Keise , Aoki Ryuta , Yomogita Yukihito , Sugiura Ayaka , Singhi Nishad , Matsumoto Madoka , Matsumoto Kenji
Published: January 2024

Psychological research on human motivation repeatedly observed that approach goals (i.e., goals to attain success) increase task enjoyment and intrinsic motivation more strongly than avoidance goals (i.e., goals to avoid failure). The present study sought to address how the reward network in the brain—including the striatum and ventromedial prefrontal cortex—is involved when individuals engage in the same task with a focus on approach or avoidance goals. Participants reported stronger positive emotions when they focused on approach goals, but stronger anxiety and disappointment when they focused on avoidance goals. The fMRI analyses revealed that the reward network in the brain showed similar levels of activity to cues predictive of approach and avoidance goals. In contrast, the two goal states were associated with different patterns of activity in the visual cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum during success and failure outcomes. Representation similarity analysis further revealed shared and different representations within the striatum and vmPFC between the approach and avoidance goal states, suggesting both the similarity and uniqueness of the mechanisms behind the two goal states. In addition, the distinct patterns of activation in the striatum were associated with distinct subjective experiences participants reported between the approach and the avoidance conditions. These results suggest the importance of examining the pattern of striatal activity in understanding the mechanisms behind different motivational states in humans.
The Emotion-to-Music Mapping Atlas (EMMA): A systematically organized online database of emotionally evocative music excerpts
Authors: Strauss Hannah , Vigl Julia , Jacobsen Peer-Ole , Bayer Martin , Talamini Francesca , Vigl Wolfgang , Zangerle Eva , Zentner Marcel
Published: January 2024

Selecting appropriate musical stimuli to induce specific emotions represents a recurring challenge in music and emotion research. Most existing stimuli have been categorized according to taxonomies derived from general emotion models (e.g., basic emotions, affective circumplex), have been rated for perceived emotions, and are rarely defined in terms of interrater agreement. To redress these limitations, we present research that served in the development of a new interactive online database, including an initial set of 364 music excerpts from three different genres (classical, pop, and hip/hop) that were rated for felt emotion using the Geneva Emotion Music Scale (GEMS), a music-specific emotion scale. The sample comprised 517 English- and German-speaking participants and each excerpt was rated by an average of 28.76 participants (SD = 7.99). Data analyses focused on research questions that are of particular relevance for musical database development, notably the number of raters required to obtain stable estimates of emotional effects of music and the adequacy of the GEMS as a tool for describing music-evoked emotions across three prominent music genres. Overall, our findings suggest that 10–20 raters are sufficient to obtain stable estimates of emotional effects of music excerpts in most cases, and that the GEMS shows promise as a valid and comprehensive annotation tool for music databases.
Measurement reactivity in ambulatory assessment: Increase in emotional clarity over time independent of sampling frequency
Authors: Ottenstein Charlotte , Hasselhorn Kilian , Lischetzke Tanja
Published: January 2024

Ambulatory assessment (AA) studies are frequently used to study emotions, cognitions, and behavior in daily life. But does the measurement itself produce reactivity, that is, are the constructs that are measured influenced by participation? We investigated individual differences in intraindividual change in momentary emotional clarity and momentary pleasant-unpleasant mood over the course of an AA study. Specifically, we experimentally manipulated sampling frequency and hypothesized that the intraindividual change over time would be stronger when sampling frequency was high (vs. low). Moreover, we assumed that individual differences in dispositional mood regulation would moderate the direction of intraindividual change in momentary pleasant-unpleasant mood over time. Students (n = 313) were prompted either three or nine times a day for 1 week (data collection took place in 2019 and 2020). Multilevel growth curve models showed that momentary emotional clarity increased within participants over the course of the AA phase, but this increase did not differ between the two sampling frequency groups. Pleasant-unpleasant mood did not show a systematic trend over the course of the study, and mood regulation did not predict individual differences in mood change over time. Again, results were not moderated by the sampling frequency group. We discuss limitations of our study (e.g., WEIRD sample) and potential practical implications regarding sampling frequency in AA studies. Future studies should further systematically investigate the circumstances under which measurement reactivity is more likely to occur.
Skeletal rearrangement in the 6,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-4-ol ring-system promoted by thionyl chloride or Appel conditions
Authors: Jevric Martyn , Klepp Julian , Puschnig Johannes , Lamb Oscar , Sumby Christopher J , Greatrex Ben W
Published: January 2024

A skeletal rearrangement of the 6,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-4-ol ring system has been developed using SOCl2 in the presence of pyridine. An oxygen migration from C5 to C4 was observed when the C4 alcohols were treated with SOCl2/pyridine, giving a 2-chloro-3,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane ring-system via the chlorosulfite intermediate. Analogous allylic alcohols with endocyclic and exocyclic unsaturations underwent chlorination without rearrangement due to formation of allylic cations. The rearrangement was also demonstrated using Appel conditions, which gave similar results via the alkoxytriphenylphosphonium intermediate. Several reactions of the products were investigated to show the utility of the rearrangement.
Theoretical Considerations on the Consilient Liberal Arts in Classes of Writing by Discipline
Authors:   Korean Association for Literacy, Lee In-pyo
Published: January 2024

This study theoretically examines the consilient themes of the discourses addressed in the classes of “writing by discipline.” Discipline-specific writing has the advantage of easily motivating students to learn. However, there is also a risk that writing classes that should hone the language of public discourse may will focus only on practical language for each discipline. Thus, this study explores discursive topics that can be differentiated by discipline and can also be consilient through public language.
This study examines the ideological question, “Do humans exist as individuals or as a society?” as a topic that can be addressed in a writing class of the humanities and social sciences department. As a science and technology topic, it examines the question, “Is science and technology the exclusive property of individuals or society?” Furthermore, as a medical topic, it examines the question, “Do life and the body belong to the subject or to others?” Finally, even though they are differentiated in this way, we theoretically explore the point where they are ultimately consilient through the question of modernity, “the subject or the other?”
The point at which the questions of modernity are differentiated gives rise to discourses that can inspire special learning motivation for each discipline. However, the point of consilience is the point where these can be elevated to universal, contemporary public discourse. This is because it is a broad, reflective question posed by modernity in our time. Therefore, the questions that this study explores will be suitable as a discursive topic through which contemporary writing learners can fundamentally reflect on the specificity and universality of their discipline.
A Study on the Method of Cultural Understanding Through Text Analysis of the Netflix series ‘Kingdom’: Focusing on the Effectiveness of Visual Media
Authors:   Korean Association for Literacy, Lee Yun Hee
Published: January 2024

This study examines the narrative structure of the Netflix K-drama “Kingdom,” focusing on the progression of events and analysing the patterns of dialogue in situations of fear. The research aims to explore how the textual elements of visual media, beyond linguistic information, can effectively serve as resources for understanding Korean culture.
The study moves from a macroscopic to a microscopic analysis, focusing on the discourse in the drama, conversations within these discourses, sentences within the conversations, and specific vocabulary within the sentences to grasp the situational meaning of each event. From a narrative perspective, it examines sociocultural symbols and, from a linguistic perspective, character identities through dialogue analysis and specific vocabulary. Furthermore, sociocultural symbols are linked to social background and spatial perception, while the linguistic aspect focuses on the speaker’s utterances.
“Kingdom” showcases distinct patterns of language use across different social classes. In the common social context of ‘fear,’ the context and situational meaning of events experienced by each class can be understood through the utterances and discourse analysis of characters from different social standings. This research, while analysing the narrative structure and dialogue of “Kingdom,” primarily focuses on the thematic aspect of ‘social discourse.’ Set in the Joseon period, “Kingdom” has a clear conflict structure: a power-hungry noble’s greed for the throne, monstrous zombies, and a prince’s struggle to protect the royal authority and save the people. Unlike Western zombie narratives that often portray zombies in a destructive light, “Kingdom” incorporates distinct Korean messages. The conflicts among characters in “Kingdom” are common themes in Korean drama storytelling. However, the narrative construction of overcoming crises in “Kingdom” can highlight the strengths of traditional Korean narratives.
This research analyses the situations and intentions of characters in specific crises through “Kingdom,” a K-content text, suggesting that such cultural understanding and text analysis could enable Korean language learners to become interpreters of K-culture. Additionally, by providing richer information about the Korean language and culture, it is expected to contribute to the academic advancement in literacy related to text comprehension.
Inflammation Severity in Radicular Cysts and Its Relationship with Age and Gender
Authors: AKÇAY ÇELİK Mürüvvet , ERDEM Havva , SALMAN Fadime Gül , ERŞAN ERDEM Büşra , BALTA Hilal , KAŞKO ARICI Yeliz , KAYA KORKMAZ Özge
Published: January 2024

Aim: In this study, in radicular cyst cases in our department; It was aimed to evaluate the severity of inflammation (active and chronic inflammation) and to investigate its relationship with age and gender.
Material and Method: Radicular cyst cases between 01.01.2013 and 31.01.2022 in Ordu University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology were included in the study. Ethical approval was taken from Ordu University Medical School, Clinical Trials Ethical Committee (2022/82). Preparations of the cases were found from the archive and examined microscopically to score the severity of inflammation. To examine any relationships that existed between categorical variables, Chi-square test was used. To determine any relationships between the score variables, correlation analysis was done.
Results: A statistically significant moderate negative correlation was observed between age and chronicity in women (r=-0.410, p=0.013). A statistically significant moderate positive correlation was observed between activity and chronicity scores in men (r=0.592, p
Appalachian Pastoral
Authors: Martin Michael S.
Published: January 2024

Few scholars have studied the mid-19th-century Appalachian travel narrative in terms of its resonance with American culture at large, particularly how 18th-and-19th-century European landscape aesthetics and environmental theory inform such first-person writings. Kevin E. O’Donnell and Helen Hollingsworth argue that early Appalachian travel writing has “all the elements of the nineteenth-century nation building,” including “leisure and consumption” and “evolving attitudes towards nature” (3). As that nation moved westward and domesticated interior land, Appalachia became a space that needed to be part of such a movement, as it represents not only a spatial interior, but an ideal, an idyllic land of plenty that could best be understood through prescribed notions of beauty and appraisal. Literary texts, including travel tracts, epistolary non-fiction, picaresque nonfiction, and more genres, were part of the larger cultural impetus towards expansion in the 19th-century. National space, the existential “out there” of land grants, land appropriation, and land development needed to be conceived internally by 19th-century Appalachian travel writers and reproduced for a reading audience already familiar with literary and visual tropes from British landscape aesthetics. Travel writing was produced in both long versions, such as with Philip Pendleton Kennedy’s Blackwater Chronicle (1853; 2002), and shorter ones, such as David Hunter Strother’s brief magazine pieces in Northern periodicals, both as a way of creating the author-as-explorer literary persona for these mainly male writers and as a way of re-creating “Appalachia” as a familiarized, nostalgic space that harkened back to literary and visual tropes such as the pastoral and picturesque touring.
Opera and British Print Culture in the Long Nineteenth Century
Authors: Furhmann Christina
Published: January 2024

Opera and the printed word were both omnipresent in Britain in the long nineteenth century. At first, opera-a living, performative art-may seem to have little to do with the static media of print. As this volume demonstrates, however, there were multiple points of interaction between the two that shaped how opera was experienced, disseminated, and perceived.
New Materialism and Late Modernist Poetry
Authors: Moffett Joe
Published: January 2024

First appearing in the social sciences in the last decade, the New Materialism offers a fresh way of looking at the ways in which humanity views its relationship to the material world. This study picks up on those key insights, analyzing works that challenge the anthropocentric worldview that has defined Western thinking for millennia. Poetry drawn from the period known as Late Modernism (roughly 1930s-1970s) is examined, with particular attention paid to the ways in which the authors anticipate New Materialist perspectives. The authors include influential figures representing various anglophone traditions. Special attention is paid to the long poems of each writer: Hugh MacDiarmid’s “On a Raised Beach,” Muriel Rukeyser’s The Book of the Dead, David Jones’s The Anathemata, Melvin Tolson’s Harlem Gallery, Louis Zukofsky’s “A,” and Charles Olson’s The Maximus Poems. A concluding chapter briefly looks ahead to the persistence of materialist thinking in a key Postmodernist text: Armand Schwerner’s The Tablets. As New Materialism teaches, and these texts demonstrate, a renewed reckoning of humanity’s interaction with the material world can help engender a greater self-awareness that humanity is not the only, or best, measure of the universe.
No Joke
Authors: Booker M. Keith
Published: January 2024

This book is a detailed examination of Todd Phillips’s Joker, one of the biggest global box-office hits of 2019. This success was no doubt partly because of the association of its title character with the Batman superhero franchise. However, Joker is anything but a flashy superhero romp. It does explore the pathologies of its central character and suggest ways in which his life experiences might have driven him to become a supervillain, the arch-enemy of Batman. At the same time, the film leaves open the possibility that its “Joker” is not, in fact, the same as the one conventionally associated with Batman. In fact, the film leaves open many interpretive possibilities, in keeping with the complex work of postmodern art that it turns out to be. Joker also engages in extensive dialogues with a range of works from modern American culture, especially the films of the 1970s and 1980s, the period in which the action of Joker is set. Moreover, Joker is a highly political film that comments in important ways on American political history from roughly the beginning of the presidency of Richard Nixon through the end of the Trump presidency, with a special focus on the Reagan years. It also comments in more general and fundamental ways on the very nature of American society and American capitalism.
Dibia's World: Life on an Early Sugar Plantation
Authors: Jennings William
Published: January 2024

Dibia was taken from his African homeland, transported across the Atlantic and forced to spend the rest of his life enslaved in the New World. This book tells his story and the story of the hundred others born or sold into servitude on the sugar plantation where he worked. Drawing on a seventeenth-century French manuscript that describes the plantation’s enslaved people in remarkable detail, this work discusses the origins, names, relationships, families, skills, work, diet and health of the people in Dibia’s world. Shipping records, censuses, missionary accounts and other archives add further information. Most importantly, the book humanises the slaves, portraying them as members and creators of a new community enduring and resisting their enslavement. In addition to its human emphasis, Dibia’s World stands out for the earliness of its focus, since most studies of plantation life examine well-established colonies in the century leading to abolition. This book instead shows the founding population of an African-American community in a colonial outpost of the Caribbean.
The Dreyfus Affair's Literary Politics
Authors: Cooke Roderick
Published: January 2024

The Dreyfus Affair’s Literary Politics offers a new interpretation of writers’ political engagements in the crisis that ended the French nineteenth century, following the wrongful treason conviction of Captain Alfred Dreyfus. Émile Zola and three writers connected to him – Ferdinand Brunetière, Henry Céard and Saint-Georges de Bouhélier – drew on their affinities and antagonisms concerning Zola’s naturalist fiction to shape their political discourse in the Dreyfus Affair. Zola and Bouhélier were Dreyfusard, Brunetière and Céard anti-Dreyfusard, yet in each case they transformed a vision of what literature should be into arguments about French national identity, the proper relationship between literary and political thought, and the tensions between individual rights and raison d’état. Developing a method entitled ‘microhistories of ideas,’ Cooke shows that a longitudinal approach to each writer’s career yields a set of central unit-ideas that reappear in the new, emotive context of the Affair. Through close readings of material such as pamphlets, newspaper columns and aesthetic essays, the significance of often ephemeral writing to the larger questions of intellectual history – and to the outcome of the Dreyfus Affair itself - becomes clear.