bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gebed in die lewe van Jesus volgens die Lukas-evangelie
Authors: Viljoen F.P.
Published: August 2012

Prayer in the life of Jesus according to the Lucan Gospel Prayer materials in Luke’s Gospel are rich and unique. In this article passages related to Jesus’ prayer life are explored. According to Luke, Jesus’ prayer life is aligned with salvation history. Jesus’ prayers are solemn acts to focus his life on the will of God and to be empowered by the Holy Spirit. Furthermore Jesus’ prayers are constantly associated with the cross, by which salvation history reaches its culmination and the Kingdom of God is established. As Jesus prepared his way through prayer, so his disciples are to pray during the period after his resurrection and ascension in their awaiting of the parousia.
Vreemdeling in jou eie land? Teologiese riglyne vanuit 1 Petrus, met ’n juridiese begronding
Authors: Janse van Rensburg J. J. , Pienaar Gerrit J.
Published: August 2012

Stranger in one’s own country? Theological guidelines from 1 Peter with a juridical foundationSome South Africans, more specifically Afrikaans-speaking citizens, experience their present position as that of being foreigners in their own country. Many of the privileges they had enjoyed in the past do not exist anymore. Moreover, it seems as if Afrikaners continuously lose other privileges too. In this article an attempt is made to apply the motif of alienation in 1 Peter to the mentioned situation as well as to highlight relevant stipulations in the South African constitution. The aim with this point of departure is to equip preachers and pastors with a biblically-valid perspective on the problem experienced. Such a perspective can contribute to a more positive attitude among Afrikaner Christians experiencing this kind of alienation and thus urge them to answer to their calling in a spirit of hopefulness.
The inductive form of preaching (F.B. Craddock) – an exploration and evaluation
Authors: Venter C. J.H , Bang S. J.
Published: August 2012

Within the wider field of research in homiletics special emphasis has been placed on investigation dealing with hermeneutical homiletics. In Europe Dingemans initiated research focused on this specific field of homiletics in 1991. In South Africa the research and findings of Pieterse and Vos on hermeneutical homiletics are prominent at this stage. The emphasis in research on this aspect of homiletics has, however, in a sense been preceded by the work of Fred Craddock – work that has till date not been highlighted and evaluated sufficiently by South African theologians. Craddock’s work in this field may be regarded as transitional in nature. In Craddock’s approach the focus has shifted from research dealing mainly with the formal aspects of preaching to research bringing into perspective, among others, an inductive form of preaching. In applying the inductive form of preaching the function of the hearer as interpreter is utilised. The power and generative use of language in a sermon is also brought to the fore in this form of preaching. Craddock has indeed brought to light core elements in homiletical research – elements still serving as a stimulus for research on hermeneutical homiletics. Craddock’s approach to preaching – the inductive method – directs the attention to the structure of the sermon, as well as the “movements” and the development of the train of thought within the sermon as essential elements of inductive preaching. Furthermore, the aim of uniting the different elements of the sermon and the use of imaginative language in a sermon is also stressed by Craddock’s method. In conclusion this article attempts an evaluation of some of Craddock’s viewpoints on preaching.
From Chrysostom to Luther: The roots of magisterial office in Martyr Vermigli’s political theology
Authors: Raath Andries W.G.
Published: August 2012

Peter Martyr Vermigli played a key role in developing and formulating the Reformational version of the political covenant for legitimating the political order. Three important perspectives shaped Vermigli’s covenantal views: first, St. John Chrysostom’s idea of political office; second, Luther’s work on the divine origin of magisterial government and third, Heinrich Bullinger’s commentaries on the Biblical covenant. These perspectives were integrated by Vermigli into an influential paradigm of covenantal politics. The impact of the ideas emanating from Vermigli’s theologico-political federalism was not limited to the 16th-century Reformation, but also exerted considerable influence on the development of political contractarianism in 17th - and 18th-century liberalism. In this contribution the emphasis is on Chrysostom’s and Luther’s contributions to Vermigli’s political theology.
Die implikasies van ’n nadere Skrifgefundeerde definisie van dissipel en dissipelmaking vir gemeentebou
Authors: Pretorius J.
Published: August 2012

The implications of a closer Scriptural definition of disciple and discipling for church development In the field of Practical Theology the term “discipling” is often used as a synonym for both spiritual growth and for teaching. To define the term as such can contribute to a dilution of the term “disciple” and to an inaccurate understanding of the process of discipling. In this article the concept of “disciple” is critically analysed. The following conclusion is arrived at: “Discipling” entails the lifelong process by which people are guided and encouraged to progressively become followers and pupils (disciples) of Jesus. The purpose of such a process implies that a person will become more and more like Jesus and will live according to the spirit of Jesus. A correct understanding of the concept of discipleship as a process has far-reaching implications for strategising congregational development.
Paulus als Schriftuitlegger Paulus’ vertolking van Genesis 15:5b-6 in Romeinen 4:3
Authors: Baaij Pieter K.
Published: August 2012

Paul as expositor of Scripture. Paul’s interpretation of Genesis 15:5b-6 in Romans 4:3 The author of this article has since 1986 been working exclusively on the translation and exegesis of the Epistle to the Romans. In the course of this work, he discovered that Paul first carefully considered his text in Biblical Hebrew before writing it accurately in Greek. It then transpires that “the difficult Paul” proclaimed the gospel of the crowning of the Law (10:4) with great clarity. The real Paul is pre-eminently the expositor of Scripture. Provided we use the instruments provided to the reader by Paul, we shall thus not only understand the proclamation of Paul better but also Scripture itself.  In this article the author illustrates that Paul in Romans 4:3 accurately renders what is written in Genesis 15:5b and 6. Paul teaches us to understand the Hebrew text better by indicating where the emphasis lies in the Hebrew text and how we must interpret the Hebrew terms used. For this reason Paul’s interpretation of Genesis 15:5b and 6 in Romans 4:3 is of great importance in the continually more topical debate on how we must translate the Bible.
Kyk, beleef of luister? Spiritualiteit in die Psalms in die lig van Psalm 1 en 2
Authors: Helberg J. L.
Published: August 2012

Look, experience or listen? Spirituality in the Psalms in the light of Psalm 1 and 2 A few approaches regarding spirituality are highlighted. An investigation is then made about what the psalms say regarding issues such as the following: in the training school of the Torah (Psalm 1), experience and creativity, vigour, complaint and praise, spirituality and enmity. Psalms 1 and 2, approached as introduction to the Psalter, show that the Torah (Law/Word) of the Lord occupies an all-important place in spirituality. Spirituality has especially to do with instruction and relations. Trust, joy and amazement combined with reforming self- discovery play an important role. One must commune with the Torah, and thus with God and also with one’s neighbour by listening and being involved. One must comply with the Torah in practical life and actively love one’s neighbour, especially the needy.
Waarderingswoord: Cassie Venter – kollega en geloofsvriend
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: August 2012

’n Goeie getuigskrif vir Cassie Venter is die feit dat al die outeurs wat meegewerk het aan hierdie uitgawe wat aan hom opgedra is, entoesiasties en positief gereageer het om ’n artikel te skryf. Hierdie outeurs verteenwoordig kundiges in die vakgebied Praktiese Teologie – kollegas van ander universiteite asook sy Potchefstroom- se kollegas wat met hom saamwerk in die Fakulteit Teologie. Daaruit kan afgelei word dat elkeen wat vir meer of minder jare met Cassie saamgewerk het, verryk is deur die erns en humor van ’n wonderlike kollega.
Geleentheidswoord Ons tyd – ’n tyd vir verwondering?
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: August 2012

Sou ons die tyd waarin ons leef, ’n tyd van verwondering kan noem? Ek dink so ’n vraag sal beslis reaksievrae ontlok: Iemand sou byvoorbeeld vra: Kan ons tyd werklik ’n tyd van verwondering wees? Moet ons nie liewer praat van ’n tyd van verwonding nie? Mense sterf immers in ons land en in ons strate en tuis sukkel hulle nabymense voort met emosionele en ander wonde. Dalk sal ons eerder wou beklemtoon dat ons tyd ’n tyd is van politieke druk en van korrupsie. Ons sien immers daagliks dat korrupsie geboorte skenk aan hofsaak op hofsaak. Miskien nog ’n stem sal hoorbaar word en sê dat ons tyd ’n tyd is van voortdurende verandering – sommige veranderinge sinvol, maar ander baie pynlik.
Die identifisering van soteriologiese metafore in 1 Petrus
Authors: Janse van Rensburg F. J. Fika
Published: August 2012

Identifying salvific metaphors in 1 Peter Not many research findings have been published on soteriology in 1 Peter. This article attempts to make a contribution from a specific angle, viz by identifying the salvific metaphors in 1 Peter and the imageries they constitute. After a survey of the state of the art on soteriology in 1 Peter, the relevant methodological issues (pertaining to soteriology, metaphor and the socio-historical ecology of metaphors) are considered. Then an interpretation of the argument of 1 Peter is given. Finally the salvific metaphors in 1 Peter are identified, a tentative inter- pretation is given, and a matrix of these metaphors is proposed.
Messiasverwagting en prediking uit die Ou Testament
Authors: Van Rooy H. F. Herrie
Published: August 2012

Messianic expectation and preaching from the Old Testament In the recent past the issue of the Messiah in the Old Testament received a considerable amount of attention in South Africa, especially in the circles of the Gereformeerde Kerke van Suid-Afrika (the Reformed Churches of South Africa). The debate focused on the question regarding the Messiah in the Psalms, due to the new version of the Psalter in Afrikaans, published in 2001. Similar questions were asked concerning the New Afrikaans translation of the Bible (1983). This matter is related to the whole issue regarding the relationship between the Old and the New Testament. This article deals with a related matter, viz. the matter of Christological preaching from the Old Testament. Once it has described the background of the problem, it formulates some important principles and illustrates the application of the principles through the discussion of four examples from the book of Haggai.
Geïntegreerdheid van die psalms volgens die verband tussen Psalm 1 (en 2) en die res van die psalms
Authors: Helberg J. L.
Published: August 2012

Integrality of the psalms according to the relation between Psalm 1 (and 2) and the rest of the psalms The article explores views about the unity of the psalms and, as the author’s own approach, focuses especially on the need of the psalmist(s) not to be estranged. Simultaneously the place of trust in the psalms as well as that of the Torah/Law/Word of the Lord is scrutinised. The Torah requires on the one hand that one must distance oneself from an erroneous way of life, like disregarding God’s will and righteousness and on the other hand that one associates with a covenantal circle or community. The integrality of the psalms, like that of life, is rooted in the Torah of Yahweh, in close connection with the covenant.
Die dood van die outeur en die inspirasie van die Bybel: in gesprek met P.J. Nel en S.D. Snyman
Authors: Verster P.
Published: August 2012

The death of the author and the inspiration of the Bible: in discussion with P.J. Nel and S.D. Snyman In the present debate on post-modernism, the question is also asked whether author’s intention can be indicated in a specific text. Nel (2003) and Snyman (2003) refer to this debate. Nel questions the view that author’s intention can be indicated in the Bible as text and especially doubts whether the view that God can be called the primary author of the Bible is still acceptable. Snyman suggests that present theories of inspiration should be expanded, since the history of the Bible’s origin is not adequately addressed in these theories. The concept of author’s intention should, however, not necessarily be disregarded, and the organic (personal) inspiration theory still offers the opportunity to explain the multifaceted aspects of the Bible. Presuppositions, however, play an important role in the views taken.
’n Pastoraal-narratiewe metode om lewenshanteringsvaardighede by kankerpasiënte te identifiseer
Authors: Steyn J. , Van den Berg J. -A.
Published: August 2012

Identifying life-coping skills for cancer patients by means of a pastoral narrative method A cluster of life-coping skills are explained in the context of case studies involving cancer patients. Patients’ alternative life stories may be compared to fresh springs of water, gushing forth to yield new purposeful lives. The arguments in this article are intended to direct pastoral therapists and caregivers towards meaningful interaction with cancer patients, assisting the latter to accept the diagnosis on the basis of understanding and knowledge of what has happened to them. Knowledge implies externalisation, the use of metaphors, acceptance and hope. The coping mechanism of meaningful relationships may link past and present relationships so that the patient’s support base and ability to cope and grow may be strengthened. A deepening of faith and a service orientation may function as coping skills as the cancer patient attempts to satisfy the need to feel cared for by means of caring for others. New hobbies may emerge and the patient may, especially in groups, learn to redirect creative energy. A renewed worth in Christ deepens the coping base by way of a link with the great narrative of the Scriptures.
Pastorale begeleiding van die seksueel verslaafde
Authors: Coetzer W. C.
Published: August 2012

Pastoral guidance for the sexually addicted In this article special attention is given to a relatively new field of research with regard to sexual addiction. Sexuality is very much part of our core being. However, when this pattern becomes one of compulsion, it has the ability to unravel the person involved totally. The effects of this process within a marriage can be devastating. Attention is given to aspects like the mood- altering effect of sexual addiction, denial, rationalisation and fantasy. Focus is also placed on the cycle of addiction, the different rituals as well as the so-called “tolerance factor”. Important guidelines with regard to general counselling of addicts are discussed and more specific details are given in terms of the pastoral counselling process. Unresolved past hurt and pain would seem to be of special importance and special attention is given to this aspect during the counselling process. In this way a functional pastoral foundation can be laid, thus enabling and equipping the addict to respond in a positive way with regards to further therapeutic inputs from other disciplines.
A practical theological narrative research of the adaptation process of a family that moved from South Africa to New Zealand
Authors: Reyneke J.
Published: August 2012

Using narrative research methods with an emphasis on the value of practical theological wisdom and an awareness of postmodernism and social constructionism as paradigmatic context, the adaptation process of the Vermaak (pseudonym) family after a move from South Africa to New Zealand, was explored.  Five major areas of their family life in which change occurred are discussed and their experience of God’s involvement in the process is articulated. This understanding is enriched by an interdisciplinary inquiry which highlighted the process and the importance of the motivation for an overseas move as a helpful or hindering factor for meaningful adaptation. A brief mention of possible physical, psychological and social consequences is followed by a few comments that might be helpful to others.  The Vermaak family managed to strike a balance between the continuation of their past story and embracing their new context. This fact provides a hopeful anticipated future.
Editorial
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: August 2012

Die redaksie van In die Skriflig het die voorreg om hierdie uitgawe aan ons lesers aan te bied. Soos in die verlede is gepoog om aktuele temas uit die verskillende dissiplines van die gereformeerde ensiklopedie te belig. Twee artikels behandel Ou Testamentiese temas. J.L Helberg en S.D. Snyman laat val die lig op Psalm 1 en Maleagi 2 onderskeidelik en bring interessante nuwe stof tot nadenke na vore. F.P. Viljoen en L. Floor gee ’n perspektief op die tema van goeie en slegte engele. Hiermee word ’n terrein ontgin waaroor daar nie baie resente literatuur die lig gesien het nie. F.W. de Wet betree die terrein van meta-teorie deur die bespreking van die handelingswetenskaplike model van Zerfass, wat tans in die Praktiese Teologie ondersoek word. Ook in hierdie vakgebied hanteer J. Müller en J. Putter die diskoerse oor heling in ’n narratief- pastorale benadering. C.J. Smit en C.F.C. Coetzee lewer belangrike en waardevolle bydraes in die veld van die Ekklesiologie en A.L. Rheeder en J.M. Vorster behandel in ’n voorlopige teologies-etiese beskouing die uiters aktuele saak van genetiese manipulasie en selektiewe voortplanting. Ons vertrou dat hierdie gewaardeerde bydraes vir ons lesers in hulle eie navorsing van groot waarde sal wees.
Die verhouding tussen Psalm 1 (en 2) en die ander psalms oor vyande
Authors: Helberg J. L.
Published: August 2012

The relation between Psalm 1 (and 2) and the other psalms regarding enemies In conjunction with a previous article “Integrality of the psalms according to the relation between Psalm 1 (and 2) and the rest of the psalms”, this article especially examines the Tora of the Lord. The Tora is not merely the object of human reflection, but especially the living subject by which life and victory have the last word. One does not only have to do with a momentary life experience, but with a path of life. The relation between Psalm 1 (and 2) and the other psalms regarding enemies/enmity, lies in the summons of Psalm 1 (and 2) to trust in the Tora as life creating Law/Word on the true path of life.
Die aanwending van Rolf Zerfass se handelingswetenskaplike model in prakties-teologiese teorievorming – ’n gereformeerde perspektief
Authors: De Wet F. W.
Published: August 2012

Utilising Rolf Zerfass’s operational scientific model in developing practical-theological theory – a reformed perspective Rolf Zerfass’s operational scientific model for correcting Christian-ecclesiological praxis is frequently utilised in practical- theological research at the North-West University. At face value Zerfass’s model seems to serve as an ideal framework in guiding a practical-theological study through all the relevant methodological phases – emphasising the cycle needed to move from a problematic Christian-ecclesiological praxis to a new praxis and offering a clear vision on hermeneutical interchange between theological tradition and operational praxis; theology and social sciences. A practical-theological researcher operating from a reformed frame of reference should, however, assess to what extent Zerfass’s model could serve his/her own unique vision on points of departure and goals set for developing practical-theological theory. The context in which Zerfass’s model was developed should be taken into account. Utilisation of this model should be evaluated in its own context, by means of asking essentially critical questions like the following: Does the model guide thought development in such a way that a theocentric approach is not undermined by an anthropocentric focus? To what extent are the normative focus and life-changing power of the revelation of God in Scripture addressed in the process of hermeneutical interchange? Does a cyclical approach (continually replacing one praxis by a subsequent one) address the reformational task of Practical Theology sufficiently? Does the model’s expression of the relationship between Practical Theology and social sciences not compromise the theological quality of Practical Theology? The conclusion arrived in this article is that some essential modifications are needed when utilising Zerfass’s model from a reformed context.
Diskoerse oor heling in ’n narratief- pastorale benadering
Authors: Müller Julian , Putter Jaco
Published: August 2012

Discourses of healing in a narrative-pastoral approach In this article fiction is used as a metaphor. True to the metaphor of fiction, this research was done through participatory action research. Conversations on the subject of healing are researched by investigating written resources and case studies as well as listening to qualified opinions. In order for healing to be widely understood, a diversity of fictional works are offered. By looking at the documented meanings of scientific disciplines and conversations it is crystal clear that healing has become a fashionable word and has apparently always been one. There are various conversations on the topic of healing, ranging from medical, theological, and even alternative perspectives. The research was done in a post- modern society, and the characteristics of this era implemented as such. A unique outcome of this dialogue is the new and fresh understanding of healing as a word which includes the person as a whole and not as a fragmented object. The culmination describes an unique discussion of healing by embracing illness as part of human existence. Brokenness is used as a point of departure in contrast with the illusion of healing.
Genetiese manipulasie as selektiewe voortplanting – ’n voorlopige teologies- etiese beoordeling
Authors: Rheeder A. L. , Vorster J. M.
Published: August 2012

Genetic manipulation as selective reproduction – a preliminary theological-ethical assessment Genetic manipulation – the technology in which genes are placed in embryos and gametes of animals – with the purpose of creating certain intended genetic characteristics, has taken place on a limited but indeed astonishing scale. Although the application of genetic manipulation is not yet possible for humans, because of a number of genetic and technical problems, research in this field is taking place at a terrific speed. In this article attention is given to the question whether genetic manipulations may, currently and in the future, pose a reproductive option for prospective Christian parents. A preliminary ethical assessment of genetic manipulation founded on God’s Word is given.
Vyandigheid in apokaliptiese literatuur – die Daniëlboek
Authors: Nel Marius
Published: August 2012

Animosity in apocalyptic literature – the Book of Daniel What is reflected in apocalyptic literature about the subject of animosity? Apocalyptic literature is limited in this article to the Book of Daniel, because it is the most extended apocalyptic text in the Old Testament. Before an apocalyptic work can be discussed, it is important to answer several preliminary questions: what is apocalyptic literature, and what is the phenomenon of apocalypticism? What are the characteristics of this genre? And what are the socio-historical origins of apocalyptic movements?   To understand the Book of Daniel, it is imperative to discuss the two “Sitze im Leben” present in the development of the book. These “Sitze” are the supposed sixth-century BCE exile of Judah, and the second-century BCE Jewish persecution under the Syrian king, Antiochus.   The patterns of animosity in the Book of Daniel are discussed in terms of the relationship between God and people; Jews and a foreign king; Jews and their neighbours; and two groups operating in the Jewish community according to apocalyptic perception, believing and compromising Jews. The story of Daniel in the lion’s den (Dan. 6) is used as a case study to demonstrate these patterns.   The conclusion of the study is that the tales (Dan. 1-6) and visions (Dan. 7-12) can only be understood properly in terms of the patterns of animosity present in the different plots behind the texts.
Christelike gesindheid en ander godsdienste
Authors: Vorster J. M.
Published: August 2012

Christian attitude and other religions This article investigates certain models for the practical implementation of religious freedom. The frame of reference is the idea of the kingdom of God, the calling of Christians to care for all people with the attitude of Christ as a leading example and a biblical view on the task of the government. The following models are evaluated: the active theocratic model; the active state religion model; the active universalist model; the active neutralist model and the active pluralist model. The conclusion is that the first four models do not succeed in maintaining peace between religions and can thus be questioned from a Christian ethical point of view. A choice is made for the fifth model, because only an open display of all religions in the public sphere, without restriction and infringings of the state gives religious peace of mind and creates the space for peaceful co- existense. Examples are proposed for the practical application of this model in a constitutional democracy.
’n Pastorale ontsluiting van Johannes 11: ’n begeleidingsnarratief
Authors: Steyn J.
Published: August 2012

A pastoral interpretation of John 11: a guidance narrative A biblical narrative can provide guidelines to the terminal patient on his/her journey of life. Scripture might not only mirror the narrative of the patient but also provide the key to a deeper understanding of the process of guidance. The narrative of Lazarus from John 11 in this article provides the narrative framework for the unfolding of the process of guidance of a terminal patient. The article illustrates that the pastoral therapist cannot provide clear-cut answers to the patient’s questions in view of the fact that our knowledge is incomplete (1 Col. 13:10). The therapist is but a humble representative of Christ our Lord, our Saviour in life and life hereafter. The narrative from Scripture anew portrayed the focus to be on Christ as the conclusive answer to our narratives in fusion. The life/Life gained for us by Christ our Lord in the end proved to be the only source and perspective of hope and “healing” to the terminal patient.
Genesis 2 en 3 in 1 Timoteus 2: ’n motivering vir gedrag in die erediens, die gewone lewe of die huwelik?
Authors: Breed Douw G.
Published: August 2012

Genesis 2 and 3 in 1 Timothy 2: a rationale for conduct in public worship, ordinary life, or marriage? In his exegesis of 1 Timothy 2:1-12, Breed (2006:247-261) shows that Paul does not give any indications in this text itself of whether the instructions in verses 8-12 were aimed at regulating conduct during public worship, in ordinary life or marriage. Paul supports the instructions he gives in 1 Timothy 2:11-12 in verses 13-15 by referring to Genesis 2 and 3. This article investigates whether there is any indication in Paul’s rationale of the context in which these instructions should be read. The study focuses on Paul’s reference to the order of creation (v. 13), Eve’s temptation (v. 14a), the state of transgression in which woman finds herself and her salvation by giving birth (v. 14b-15). This study concludes that in his references to Genesis 2 and 3, Paul does not give any indications of whether this instructions in 1 Timothy 2:8-15 deals with instructions for public worship, ordinary life or marriage.
’n Kontekstuele uitleg van Psalm 110 binne sy historiese raamwerk
Authors: De Bruyn J. J. , Human D. J.
Published: August 2012

A contextual exegesis of Psalm 110 in its historical frame- work Psalm 110 is the psalm that is most revered to in the New Testament. The question can be asked whether the New Testament is the only key to the understanding of Psalm 110. Naturally, the exegetic model that one uses will have an influence on our understanding of the Psalm. The question that will be observed in this article is whether there can be another figure, in addition to Jesus Christ, that can be a priest from the order of Melchizedek. If so, that can shed an alternative light on Psalm 110 from that of the New Testament.
Voorwaardes vir geloofsopvoeding om sinvol te bly in die 21ste-eeuse kultuurkonteks
Authors: Valenkamp Martin , Van der Walt Johannes L.
Published: August 2012

Conditions for faith education to remain meaningful in the 21st century cultural context Although significant numbers of their members are leaving the mainstream churches, this does not mean that these people have relinquished their Christian faith as such. There are signs that people leave mainstream denominations because of new approaches to life and personal experience in the cultural context of the 21st century. The authors try to discover explanations for this phenomenon that also seems to affect the faith education of the younger generation. It is concluded that the faith education of young people can only remain meaningful if people adopted what Paul Ricoeur called a “second naivity”, and if educators complied with certain conditions. By following certain guidelines, educators will help resist a threatening sense of loss of transcendance, relevance and reference among their learners.
Hedendaagse wetenskaplike voorligting oor die verhouding tussen die manlike en vroulike geslag – ’n besinning oor die sosiobiologiese grondslae
Authors: Van der Walt B. J.
Published: August 2012

Contemporary scientific guidance on the relationship between male and femal A previous article discussed the ethical guidance given by contemporary popular books and articles on the relationship between men and women. The authority for Christians of such books (based on an evolutionist biology and worldview) was questioned. No answer was, however, provided on the important and difficult question whether and, if so, to what extent human biology influences or even determines one’s ethical behaviour. Since many current books on sexual morality are based on empirical socio-biological research, this article takes a critical look at this scientific discipline. A Christian- philosophical alternative on the issue of human sexuality and gender will conclude this, as well as the previous article.
Die messiaanse aard van psalms: hoe dit ’n Nuwe-Testamentiese lees, vertaling en omdigting van die psalms raak
Authors: Helberg J. L.
Published: August 2012

The messianic character of the psalms: how it affects a New Testament reading, translation and re-versification of the psalms The 2001 re-versification of the psalms as well as the 1983 translation in Afrikaans is rejected by some, because the messiah is not rendered in capital letters. This article views the matter from the perspective of Psalm 1 and 2 as an introduction which characterises the whole psalter as messianic. This article explores what this means. The relation between Psalm 2 (re kingship) and Psalm 1 (re the Law/Word of Yahweh) is in- vestigated in able to view the “messianic” concept in its real perspective. The same applies to the relation Old Testament- New Testament and expectation-fulfilment. The regenerative character of the fulfilment in Christ as well as its implication for one’s inclination towards one’s neighbour and how it affects that of the psalmists is explored. The conclusion of the article is that to render the messiah in capital letters in the psalms is to bypass the regenerartive fulfilment by Christ and to ignore the implication thereof regarding enemies.
Die voorskrifte in 1 Timoteus 2:8-15 soos geïnterpreteer vanuit die breër tekstuele konteks van 1 Timoteus
Authors: Breed Douw G.
Published: August 2012

The instructions in 1 Timothy 2:8-15 interpreted within a broader contextual perspective of 1 Timothy Breed (2006a:247-263 and 2006b:453-463) has shown in two articles on 1 Timothy 2:8-15 that Paul does not give any indication in 1 Timothy 2 of whether his instructions to men and women are meant for public worship, ordinary life or marriage. Because Paul comments on the relations between men and women – an issue that is currently universally debated – in this article the broader textual context of 1 Timothy 2:8-15 is investigated to see whether it illuminates Paul’s instructions to men and women. The study focuses on the false teachings that Paul opposed, and on the aim of this letter. The structure of thought of 1 Timothy is analysed closely to determine whether there are references to marriage in 1 Timothy and to explore the possibility that in 1 Timothy 2:8-15 Paul actually states the true teaching concerning marriage in opposition to false teachings. This study concludes that there are strong indications that in 1 Timothy 2:8-12 Paul is considering the conduct between men and women in marriage, rather than conduct during public worship or in ordinary life.
Die kommunikatiewe struktuur in eietydse gereformeerde prediking – van liniêre na sirkulêre gang?
Authors: De Wet F. W.
Published: August 2012

Communicative structure in contemporary reformed preaching – from linear to circular process? Reformed preaching stems from a tradition in which Scripture has been viewed as the primary source for composing a sermon (the Sola Scriptura principle). In this tradition a sermon is composed starting with the exposition of the text, and then proceeding to the application of its message in the context of contemporary listeners. This process may lead to the perception that the communicative structure of this kind of preaching functions in a linear fashion. Since the second half of the twentieth century ever-stronger critical voices have surfaced against a linear communicative structure in preaching, and a tendency to emphasise listeners’ needs has manifested itself. Hermeneutical interchange between text and listener in the process of understanding has become the prime concern. The result of this new focus has been a growing trend among homiletical scholars to define and qualify the communicative structure in a sermon as a circular process. Taking note of critical voices against the traditional linear model, it is thus attempted to investigate the possibility of a third way – a way in which the authority of the message of the biblical text with the unchanging truth that proceeds from it, as well as the unique- ness of the situation of contemporary listeners is fully taken into account. The point of departure is taken in a spatial model in which the simultaneous action of listening to the text as well as to contemporary listeners is anchored in an underlying depth-structure, that is, the pneumatological anchoring of faith in the living Christ.
Opwekking binnen de traditioneel- reformatorische kerken: over oprecht verlangen en grote verlegenheid
Authors: Kommers J.
Published: August 2012

Revival within churches from traditional-reformed origin: on sincere longing and extreme embarrassment Within churches from reformed origin the debate about revival has become an actual issue. It seems that these churches are becoming smaller and smaller, and that there is a lack of missionary zeal. Many pastors seem to have lost the courage to go on. What is happening in the churches? One can learn something from the history of the church. What was God doing in the past? The Word of God was there and it seems that in those places where revivals broke out, the Word of God was preached faithfully, in the power of the Holy Spirit. From sermons of three revival preachers who worked from 1816 to 1880 in Wuppertal (Germany), one can learn how their sermons contributed to revival in those days.   The missionary-soul caring message struck the people in their hearts, and not only individuals, but also whole regions changed; change took place not only in doctrine and lifestyle, but also holiness occupied a central place in the people’s hearts. When praying for the outpouring of the Holy Spirit, people will repent and turn to God and “times of refreshing may come from the Lord” (Acts 3:19).
Homoseksualiteit en tydgerigtheid: ’n etiek van Bybellees?
Authors: Snyman Gerrie
Published: August 2012

Homosexuality and time-orientedness: an ethic of reading the Bible? The article deals with the discourse on homosexuality within the Reformed Churches in South Africa. At stake is the exegete’s subjectivity, or presupposed arbitrariness in the hermeneutical process. The author takes issue with the view that the Biblical text on homosexuality is a matter of principle and not a cultural prescription bounded by time. The author suggests that the current thinking on homosexuality is infused by a modern concept of heterosexuality and that the use of some Biblical texts that clearly prohibit sex between members of similar gender is problematic, because very little of the social structure that once supported these laws has been honoured since the late 20th century. Adding to the problem of the use of the Bible is intersexuality, which makes any clear principled distinction between two sexes difficult. The author concludes that the Bible readers’ subjectivity (socio-political location) must be recog- nised and put on the table in order to indicate its role in the reading process.
Die tydgerigtheid van die Bybel en die etiek van Bybellees: respons op die artikel van Gerrie Snyman
Authors: Van Rensburg Fika J.
Published: August 2012

The time-orientedness of the Bible, and reading the Bible ethically: response to the article by Gerrie Snyman The Editorial Board of “In die Skriflig” has requested Prof. Fika J. van Rensburg to respond to the article by Prof. Gerrie Snyman (“Homosexuality and time-orientedness: an ethic of reading the Bible?”; p. 715-744 in this edition). Prof. Snyman is critical of the discourse on homosexuality in the Reformed Churches in South Africa, as i.a. verbalised by Prof. Van Rensburg’s view that the pronouncement of the Biblical text on homosexuality is a matter of principle and not a cultural prescription bounded by time. Snyman (2006:718) is of the opinion that the criteria Van Rensburg uses to establish whether Scripture portions are time orientated and/or time bound, have no logic to it, but that it reveals clear ideological preferences. In his response Prof. Van Rensburg does not respond to Snyman’s argument point by point, but gives a systematic presentation of how he would like to see Reformed theologians establish whether a Scripture portion is time- oriented or time-bound. This he does methodologically and theoretically, as well as practically, at each point indicating how he agrees with or differs from Snyman.
Respons op J.H. van Wyk se Reformasie en onderwys(-ers): enkele teologiese perspektiewe
Authors: Strauss P. J.
Published: August 2012

In hierdie respons gaan dit om “teologiese perspektiewe” op die reformasie van die onderwys. Dit gaan dus nie om die respons van ’n onderwysspesialis per se nie. Ek “staan” openlik in die reformatoriese tradisie waarvoor Van Wyk pleit.
Die rol van die vader by veralgemeende angsversteuring
Authors: Jordaan A. , Janse van Rensburg J.
Published: August 2012

The role of the father in generalised anxiety disorder While the behavioural sciences have done much research on generalised anxiety disorder (GAD), a justifiable pastoral therapeutic approach, combined with unique etiological insights into a therapy for the individual who suffers from it, is needed. In this study the correlation between the individual’s father image and her/his image of God, as well as its influence on the development of GAD is researched. The correlation between father- and God images and the symptomatology of GAD are graphically indicated. It highlights the phenomenon that a negative father image, which leads to a distortion of the individual’s image of God, results in existential insecurity. This deprivation of security is identified as a causal factor for GAD. Some suggestions concerning pastoral therapy to people suffering from GAD are offered.
The suffering witness: a missiological reading of Lamentations
Authors: Wielenga Bob
Published: August 2012

This article explores the possibilities of a missiological reading of the book of Lamentations. Based upon a historical understanding of Lamentations, Christological conclusions are drawn from it with a view on formulating some missiologically relevant guidelines for missionary praxis. This article contends that Lamentations was composed to be used pastorally in an unprecedented crisis in Jerusalem in 586 BCE. In a situation of utter powerlessness and otherlessness the lamenting population was shown a way to rebuild their shattered universe by, paradoxically, reaching out to their God who was not there for them anymore. The suffering witness of Lamentations 3 is used as a Christological model, which is applied to missionary praxis. In the fields of worship and liturgy, aid and assistance and prophetic analysis the church has to continue the witnessing ministry of her Lord, empowered by his Spirit.
’n Toepaslike metafoorteorie vir die ontleding van metafore in die Nuwe Testament
Authors: Goede H.
Published: August 2012

An appropriate theory of metaphor for the analysis of metaphors in the New Testament The aim of this article is to identify a theory of metaphor that is appropriate for the interpretation of the metaphors in the New Testament. The many metaphors in the New Testament force the exegete to properly account for the nature of metaphor and its contribution to the transmission of the message. An appropriate theory of metaphor must also properly account for the unique nature of the Bible and the New Testament as part of it. Different theories of metaphor are considered and criteria for the selection of a suitable theory stated. On the basis of such criteria, a selection of an appropriate theory of metaphor will be made, and the selected theory will be described in detail.
’n Teologies-etiese beoordeling van regstellende aksie
Authors: De Beer E. J.
Published: August 2012

A theological ethical judgment of affirmative action In the period directly before and after 1994 much consideration was given to the position of the South African labour market. It was clear that some form of affirmative action had to be instituted. In this article different ways in which affirmative action has been applied since 1994 are studied, as well as the effects thereof. Affirmative action has made it possible for many workers to occupy positions that they otherwise would not have received. Other workers have been negatively affected by affirmative action. How should this be judged? In this article a number of Biblical principles regarding labour are posed. The current application of affirmative action is judged against these principles.
The problem of theodicy and the theology of the cross
Authors: Vorster N.
Published: August 2012

Theodicy is the attempt to justify God’s righteousness and goodness amidst the experience of evil and suffering in the world. This article discusses Karl Barth’s Christological and Jürgen Moltmann’s eschatological approach to the problem of theodicy. The central theoretical argument is that the problem of theodicy poses a major hermeneutical challenge to Christianity that needs to be addressed, since it has implications for the way in which theology defines itself. Questions that arise are: What are the boundaries of theology? What are the grounds on which the question of theodicy must be asked? Is the Christian understanding of God’s omnipotence truly Scriptural? The modern formulation of theodicy finds its origin in the Enlighten- ment that approaches the problem from a theoretical framework based on human experience. This theoretical approach leads, however, to further logical inconsistencies. Theology must rather approach the problem in the same way as Scripture does, by taking the cross, resurrection and parousia of Christ as point of departure. The cross and resurrection are a sign that suffering is not part of God’s plan and at the same time an affirmation of God’s victory over suffering and evil.
Die rol van die gemeente as geloofsgemeenskap in die begeleiding tot belydenisaflegging
Authors: De Klerk B. J. , Dreyer T. F.
Published: August 2012

Die aflegging van geloofsbelydenis is die amptelike geleentheid waartydens die gelowige voor God en die gemeente antwoord op God se verbond. Die praktyk skets dikwels ’n hartseer prentjie oor hierdie saak. Volgens Hanekom en Hendriks (1996:642) staan belydenisaflegging as liturgiese handeling waarin dooplidmate for- meel belydende lidmate van die kerk word, reeds ’n geruime tyd in die brandpunt.
Gesindheid as kommunikasiesteurnis (“geruis”) in die prediking: basisteoretiese perspektiewe vanuit die gelykenis van die saaier (Lukas 8:4-15)
Authors: Du Preez A. P. , Venter C. J.H.
Published: August 2012

Attitude as communication barrier (“noise”) in preaching the Word: basis-theoretical perspectives from the parable of the sower (Luke 8:4-15) Hearers’ attitudes in listening to a sermon still represent a very topical field of homiletical research. Within this extensive field the problem of communication barriers (“noise”) in the process of listening to a sermon is scrutinised in this article. At the outset three important concepts are defined: preaching, attitude and noise. The discussion of these aspects is followed by focusing on the parable of the sower. Outlined in particular is the way in which noise and attitude are expressed meta- phorically in this parable. As first step in the process of discussing the parable, Luke 8:4-15 is positioned within the macrostructure of Luke, and also within the microstructure of Luke 8. This specific positioning is followed by a closer exegetical delimitation of what hearers’ attitude as (possible source of) noise can imply. Negative aspects functioning as noise (barriers in receiving the message) are highlighted, including the evil presence of Satan in the listening process. Attention is also devoted to positive factors like spirituality in which the sower sows the seed of the Word in fertile soil. In conclusion basis-theoretical perspectives are formulated on hearers’ attitudes functioning as communication barrier (“noise”) in listening to a sermon.
Barnabas: Early Church leader and model of encouragement
Authors: Branch R. G.
Published: August 2012

Acts presents Barnabas, an early church leader, as a model of integrity and character. It loads him with accolades. It calls him a good man (Acts 11:24), a prophet and teacher (Acts 13:1), an apostle (Acts 14:14), and one through whom God worked miracles (Acts 15:12). It recounts the times he faced persecution (Acts 13:45; 14:19) and risked his life for the name of the Lord Jesus Christ (Acts 15:26). He believed Saul truly had been converted (Acts 9:27) and saw the potential of John Mark (Acts 12:25) and championed them both at different times (Acts 11:25-26; 15:36-41). 1 Corinthians 9:6 affirms his charac- ter by noting he worked while serving congregations in order not to burden them. Acts introduces him as Joseph, a Levite from Cyprus, and praises his generous spirit (Acts 4:36). Arguably, Acts portrays no one else – except the Lord Jesus – in such glowing terms. The apostles nicknamed him Barnabas, Son of Encouragement, probably because he earned it!   Significantly, a passage relating the character attributes and big heartedness of Barnabas note that the disciples were called Christians first at Antioch (Acts 11:19-26). Because of its textual context, it may well be that the character traits of Barnabas defined the early use of the word Christian.   Barnabas played a decisive role in the Early Church. Yet over two millennia, he has slipped into unjustified obscurity behind Paul, Peter, John, and James, the brother of Jesus. This article examines selected stories about him that showcase his contributions to the Early Church and establish his significant leadership role.