bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La familia, su Impacto en los Estudiantes del Subnivel Elemental de la Unidad Educativa Mi Inun Ya
Authors: Flor García Marjorie Gisell , Crespo Obaco Juan Pablo , Alama Duarte Gissel Jeanine , Segura Torres Karla Tatiana
Published: October 2023

El rendimiento académico es una de las problemáticas que está latente en la actualidad, este brinda información sobre los aprendizajes de los escolares. Dentro del estudio se tuvo en cuenta la incidencia de la familia que afecta específicamente el rendimiento de los estudiantes en el contexto escolar donde se evidencia los factores como la inasistencia a clases y el desempeño académico. El trabajo tiene como finalidad analizar el impacto que ocasionan los problemas familiares en el rendimiento académico del alumnado. Se empleó un diseño cuasi experimental con un enfoque cualitativo, se obtuvo un alcance transversal descriptivo de la investigación. Se aplicó una encuesta a una muestra de sujetos entre profesores, padres de familia y estudiantes para obtener los datos del rendimiento académico de los estudiantes se tomó los resultados de las evaluaciones del trimestre de la Básica Elemental, y un Test del funcionamiento familiar a docentes de la unidad educativa y a padres de familia. Se obtuvo como resultado que la familia influye en el desempeño de los estudiantes, los padres de cierto modo castigan a sus hijos y no muestran interés por el rendimiento académico de sus hijos, como resultado de esto se muestra estudiantes que no cumplen con sus tareas.
Determining The Impact Of Green Distribution Activities On Perceived Business Performance: Kocaeli Logistics Enterprises Application
Authors: ELLİBEŞ Ömer , AKÇADAĞ Mualla
Published: October 2023

These days, it's crucial to practice environmental awareness, energy conservation, and resource preservation. Consumers today favor goods with high recycling rates and low environmental impact. Businesses who adopt social consciousness, are conscious of their social responsibilities, and work to satisfy customer expectations conduct their operations within the parameters of green marketing. Many operations, including green distribution activities, might benefit financially from reducing their use of fuel, packaging, and distribution routes.

Enterprises can achieve performance efficiency through the selection of alternate distribution routes by logistics companies and the repurposing of spent packaging through reverse logistics. On the other side, in today's market, corporations use performance measurements to obtain a competitive advantage. Additionally, performance metrics help organizations guarantee customer happiness. With this in mind, the goal of this study is to ascertain how green distribution practices affect corporate success. It is also aimed to determine whether there is a relationship between green distribution activities and perceived business performance. To determine the population of the study, the list of enterprises operating in the logistics sector in Kocaeli was obtained from the Kocaeli Chamber of Commerce. In this sense, there are 102 companies on the list. All of these companies were interviewed face-to-face and a complete census sampling was carried out. Feedback was received from 86 of these companies. Regression and correlation analyses were carried out for this purpose utilizing the quantitative research approach. The survey method was used in the study to gather data. The study's findings led to the realization that green distribution procedures significantly and favorably impact company performance.
Dream of European Army: Is It a Feasible Objective or Not?
Authors: ŞAHİN Sevil , ŞAHİN Mustafa Ozan
Published: October 2023

The European Union’s (EU) defense initiatives have changed over time, reflecting both the pursuit of security and defense goals and the shifting dynamics of European integration. To improve defense cooperation and create a common defense strategy for the EU, several initiatives have been made. The EU’s Common Security and Defense Policy (CSDP), which strives to strengthen its capacity to handle security concerns and preserve stability, has a significant influence on defense-related operations. We have witnessed new security and military efforts from the EU in the first two decades of the 2000s, such as the European Security Strategy, EU’s Global Strategy and Security Compass. 2013 marked a turning point when the USA deployed its new nuclear weapons in Europe. The announcement of the creation of the European army was made on November 13, 2017. Europe should be able to act independently in areas of defense and security rather than merely relying on the US or NATO. Because of these kinds of reservations, desires to pursue more advanced capabilities on their own have been raised.

There has been a lot of debate and analysis around the reasons for and against the formation of a European army. Numerous parties have expressed interest in and influence over the notion of a European army. The development of a European army has been heavily debated over the past several years. Why is the idea of a European army so heavily investigated? Is building such an army a realistic goal or not? What are the benefits, drawbacks, and challenges to achieving it? Who is in favor of and against building an army in Europe? These are the primary questions that we attempt to address in this article.
Rethinking State-Law Relations Through the Kelsen-Schmitt Debate: A Critical Introduction
Authors: KURĞAN Erdal
Published: October 2023

This article examines the law-state relationship in the modern state by comparing the ideas of Carl Schmitt and Hans Kelsen. In this context, firstly, what modern law is and where its differences emerge from will be discussed. Then, the article examines Hans Kelsen's conceptualization of 'Grundnorm', which created the constitution(s) in the modern state(s), as a source of legitimacy in the modern state. The law-state relationship that Kelsen builds on the basis of his 'Pure Theory of Law' is compared to the situation in which Carl Schmitt considers law as the 'decision' of the sovereign. Although Kelsen has accepted law as thing-in-itself and intensified his efforts to build an objective science, the juridical science presents a legitimacy in factual order; even if it was not Kelsen’s goal. Kelsen, however, neglects what is political and failed to examine the appearance of factual order or law in practical social order and their relationship. On the other hand, Schmitt did not much get closer to Kelsen’s approach- building the law with Grundnorm- with his emphasis on sovereignty as the constituent will and unique source of legitimacy. Over what is political and political unity, Schmitt’s approach is based on factual order by defining the law over extraordinary “decision” of the sovereign which is identical with the society/people. The approach to understand the modern state in this article both attaches importance to the Kelsen’s emphasis on the juridical science and attaches equivalent value to the notion of sovereignty which Schmitt rightfully developed. In the last part, this article argues that the law-state relationship in the modern state emerged with both Grundnorm and 'sovereignty', that is, in the partnership of both.
Kurumsal Kalitenin Ekolojik Ayak İzi Üzerine Etkisinin Ampirik Analizi: E7 Ülkeleri Örneği
Authors: KANGAL Nalan
Published: October 2023

Çalışmada sürdürülebilir kalkınma kapsamında kurumsal kalite ve yenilenebilir enerji kullanımı gibi iki önemli değişkenin ekolojik ayak izi üzerindeki etkisi analiz edilmektedir. Gelişen ekonomiler olarak isimlendirilen E7 ülkeleri olan Çin, Brezilya, Hindistan, Endonezya, Meksika, Rusya ve Türkiye’nin analize dahil edildiği çalışmada 2002-2018 dönemi kurumsal kalite, yenilenebilir enerji tüketim, ekolojik ayak izi, ihracat ve kişi başına düşen GSYİH verileri kullanılarak Toplamsal Olmayan Sabit Etkili Panel Kantil yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Analizde Kurumsal Kalitenin Ekolojik Ayak İzi arasında negatif bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Kurumsal Kalitenin artması Ekolojik Ayak İzi’ni azaltmaktadır. Diğer değişkenlerden olan Yenilenebilir Enerji Tüketimi, kişi başına düzen GSYİH ve ihracat ile Ekolojik Ayak İzi arasında ise pozitif bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlardan yola çıkarak ülkelerin uygulanabilecekleri politika önerileri sıralanmıştır.
Innovation of Tourism Products in Increasing Sales of Lipa Sabbe Sengkang to Entrepreneurs in Wajo Regency
Authors: Abriani Andi
Published: October 2023

This study aims to determine the Increase in Sales Volume of Lipa Sabbe Sengkang Tourism Products and the Increase in Volume of Lipa Sabbe Sengkang Tourism Products in Wajo Regency. The type of research uses qualitative methods, namely the presentation of data in the form of statements of words or descriptions of something in the form of sentences set forth in writing. The data collection techniques use observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study showed that tourism product innovation in increasing sales volume of Lipa Sabbe Sengkang to entrepreneurs in Wajo district. The researcher added that entrepreneurs should hold promotions more often so that tourists are aware of new production, the existence of Lipa Sabbe Sengkang, opportunities that can be implemented well if entrepreneurs work together to carry out marketing and promotion, the Government and the public really need to get to know Lipa Sabbe Sengkang closely. In increasing sales of Lipa Sabbe Sengkang Tourism Products to market Lipa Sabbe Sengkang Tourism Products so that Entrepreneurs take various events to promote to Social Media and introduce globally including holding a Silk Festival in Wajo Regency because Lipa Sabbe Sengkang is a Cultural Identity for the city of Sengkang, Wajo Regency.
CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT TO SOCIAL SECURITY: NEW REQUIREMENTS IN THE CONTENT OF LEGAL GUARANTEES
Authors: Семенова Оксана Николаевна
Published: October 2023

Введение: в статье рассматривается содержание отдельных видов юридических гарантий конституционного права на социальное обеспечение. Материалы и методы: нормативную основу исследования составили нормы российского и международного права. Эмпирическую базу исследования составили опубликованные аналитические материалы, материалы судебной практики, а также правоприменительной деятельности международных контрольных органов по правам человека. При подготовке исследования использовались всеобщие, общенаучные и специально юридические методы. Результаты исследования: автор, опираясь на результаты правоприменительной деятельности органов публичной власти, международных контрольных органов по правам человека, формулирует новые требования, предъявляемые к обеспечению реализации конституционного права на социальное обеспечение, являющиеся по смысловому содержанию юридическими гарантиями. Обсуждение и заключение: выводы дополняют и расширяют соответствующий раздел науки конституционного права и могут быть использованы в дальнейшей разработке проблем, связанных с эффективностью юридических гарантий конституционных прав личности, в том числе на социальное обеспечение. Ряд выводов и положений исследования могут быть использованы в законотворчестве, при совершенствовании положений российского законодательства, регламентирующего реализацию конституционного права на социальное обеспечение, а также в правоприменительной деятельности органов публичной власти, гражданского общества, самой личности.

Introduction: the article examines certain types of legal guarantees of the constitutional right to social security. Materials and Methods: the framework of the study were Russian and international legislations. The empirical basis was published analytical survey, court practice, as well as law enforcement activities of international human rights monitoring bodies. Three groups of methods were used in the preparation of this study: general, general scientific and specially legal. Results: the author relying on the results of law enforcement activities of public authorities, international human rights monitoring bodies, formulates new requirements for ensuring the constitutional right to social security, which is legal guarantees in its semantic content. Discussion and Conclusions: the conclusions supplement and expand the corresponding section of the constitution right and can be used for the development of further issues of effectiveness of legal safeguards of the constitutional personal rights including the right to social security. Some conclusions and study provisions can be used in lawmaking, as well as in improving Russian legislation regulating the constitutional personal rights including the right to social security, as well as in enforcement activities public authorities, civil society and the individual.
OBSTRUCTING MEDICAL ASSISTANCE: LATENCY AND VICTIMITY FACTORS
Authors: Гараева Дина Мирзануровна
Published: October 2023

Введение: в статье рассматривается воспрепятствование оказанию медицинской помощи сквозь призму таких криминологических понятий, как латентность и виктимизация. Подобное исследование представляется необходимым для установления потенциальных причин отсутствия следственной и судебной практики привлечения к уголовной ответственности за указанное противоправное деяние в Российской Федерации. Материалы и методы: материалами исследования послужили теории о латентности и виктимности, разработанные криминологической наукой, современное уголовное законодательство России, официальные данные Судебного департамента при Верховном Суде Российской Федерации об ответственности за воспрепятствование оказанию медицинской помощи за период 2019-2022 годов, а также данные проведенного автором статьи социологического опроса. В качестве методологической основы исследования использованы диалектический метод познания, анализ, формально-логический и статистический методы, а также метод экспертного опроса в виде формализованного анкетирования медицинских работников. Результаты исследования: воспрепятствование оказанию медицинской помощи исследовано с точки зрения его виктимизации, факторов латентизации, аргументирована вероятность высокой латентности данного деяния. Обсуждение и заключение: на основании анализа криминологических аспектов темы, результатов опроса медицинских работников разработаны меры по предупреждению воспрепятствования оказанию медицинской помощи.

Introduction: the author studies obstructing medical assistance through such criminological aspects as latency and victimization. Such a study appears necessary for identifying potential causes of absence the absence of investigative and judicial practice of criminal liability for this unlawful act in the Russian Federation. Materials and Methods: the research materials were based on theories on latency and victimization, developed by criminological science, modern criminal legislation of Russia, official data of the Judicial Department under the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation on liability for obstruction of medical assistance for the period 2019 – 2022, as well as data from a sociological survey. The methodological basis of the study is the dialectical method of cognition, analysis, logical and statistical methods, as well as the method of expert examination in the form of formalized questionnaires of medical workers. Results: the obstruction of medical assistance has been investigated from the point of view of its victimization and latency factors, argued the likelihood of high latency of the act in question. Discussion and Conclusions: based on the analysis of criminological aspects, analysis of responses to survey of healthcare workers the author presents measures to prevent obstructing medical assistance.
THE CURRENT STATE AND POTENTIAL OF CRIMINAL LEGISLATION IN THE FIELD OF COMBATING CRIMES COMMITTED USING INFORMATION AND TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORKS, INCLUDING THE INTERNET
Authors: Петрянин Алексей Владимирович , Неганов Дмитрий Александрович
Published: October 2023

Введение: в статье представлено авторское видение современного состояния и потенциала уголовного законодательства в области противодействия преступлениям, совершаемым с использованием информационно-телекоммуникационных сетей, в том числе сети Интернет. Продемонстрирована классификация общественно опасных деяний, включающая данный криминообразующий или отягчающий признак. Материалы и методы: проведенное исследование основано на общенаучных и частнонаучных методах. Источниками исследования послужили научные и законодательно-интерпретационные материалы, в области уголовно-правового противодействия преступлениям, совершаемым с использованием информационно-телекоммуникационных сетей, в том числе сети Интернет. Результаты исследования: высказана научная гипотеза о целесообразности включения отягчающего признака «использование информационно-телекоммуникационных сетей, в том числе сети Интернет» в ст. 2051, 2052, 2812, ч. 1.1 ст. 2821 и ч. 1.1 ст. 2822 УК РФ. Определена целесообразность установления самостоятельного уголовно-правового запрета за использование сетей телекоммуникации в преступных целях. Обсуждение и заключение: подтверждено наличие эффективного потенциала уголовного законодательства в области противодействия преступлениям, совершаемым с использованием телекоммуникационных сетей, в том числе и сети Интернет.

Introduction: the article presents the author's vision of the current state and capacity of criminal legislation in countering crimes committed using information and telecommunication networks, including the Internet, gives the classification of socially dangerous acts, which includes this crime-forming or aggravating feature. Materials and Methods: the conducted research is based on universal and specific scientific methods. The sources of the study were scientific and legislative-interpretative materials in criminal law counteraction to crimes committed using information and telecommunication networks, including the Internet. Results: the authors express their scientific hypothesis of advisability of including an aggravating feature “use of information and telecommunication networks, including the Internet” in Art. 2051, 2052, 2812, part 11 of Art. 2821 and part 11 of Art. 2822 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The expediency of establishing an independent criminal law prohibition for the use of telecommunications networks for criminal purposes is determined. Discussion and Conclusions: the existence of the development of effective capacity-building of criminal legislation in countering crimes committed using telecommunication networks, including the Internet, was confirmed.
IMPROVING THE DETECTIVE ACTIVITIES OF THE RUSSIAN CUSTOMS AUTHORITIES USING ADVANCED INTELLIGENT SOFTWARE
Authors: Стуканов Илья Андреевич
Published: October 2023

таможенная преступность, таможенные органы, оперативно-розыскная деятельность, оперативное подразделение, современные цифровые технологии, автоматизированная система, база данных, перспективное программное средство, искусственный интеллект, большие данные

Introduction: the relevance of the research topic is due to a set of circumstances that directly affect the organization of ensuring Russia's foreign economic security. For the purposes of the study, it is necessary to identify problematic issues in the implementation of detective activities in combating customs crime, as well as to develop proposals to improve countering these criminal encroachments through the introduction of promising intelligent software. Materials and Methods: empirical basis were personal experience of the author's service in the customs authorities of the Russian Federation; dialectical method, logical method, method of system analysis and synthesis, the method of theoretical modeling. Results: in the course of the study, criminological characteristics of common customs crimes are given, as well as the main schemes of their commission, practical features of the use of automated systems and databases by detective units of the customs authorities of the Russian Federation in detection, prevention, suppression and disclosure of these crimes are considered. Discussion and Conclusions: in order to improve the mechanisms of the detective activities in the fight against custom offences, proposals have been put forward for the practical improvement of the fight against smuggling, evasion of customs payments, the commission of illegal financial transactions using promising intelligent software and existing automated systems.
Pengaruh Lingkungan Sekolah dan Efikasi Diri Terhadap Kejenuhan Belajar dan Dampaknya Terhadap Motivasi Belajar pada Mata Pelajaran Akuntansi Siswa Kelas XI SMK Negeri di Kabupaten Sarolangun
Authors: Nursakdiah Nursakdiah , Khairinal Khairinal , Syuhada Siti
Published: October 2023

Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis pengaruh langsung dan tidak langsung: 1) lingkungan sekolah terhadap kejenuhan belajar siswa; 2) efikasi diri terhadap kejenuhan belajar siswa; 3) lingkungan sekolah terhadap motivasi belajar siswa; 4) efikasi terhadap motivasi belajar siswa; 5) kejenuhan belajar terhadap motivasi belajar siswa; 6) lingkungan sekolah terhadap motivasi belajar melalui kejenuhan belajar; dan 7) efikasi diri terhadap motivasi belajar melalui kejenuhan belajar. Berdasarkan tujuan penelitian, penelitian ini dikategorikan sebagai penelitian penjelas (eksplanatory research). Teknis analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis jalur dengan menggunakan alat SPSS 22.0. for windows. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan: 1) lingkungan sekolah berpengaruh negative secara langsung terhadap kejenuhan belajar siswa; 2) efikasi diri berpengaruh negative secara langsung terhadap kejenuhan belajar siswa; 3) lingkungan sekolah berpengaruh positif secara langsung terhadap motivasi belajar siswa; 4) efikasi diri berpengaruh positif secara langsung terhadap motivasi belajar siswa; 5) kejenuhan belajar berpengaruh positif secara langsung terhadap motivasi belajar siswa; 6) lingkungan sekolah melalui kejenuhan belajar berpengaruh terhadap motivasi belajar siswa; dan 7) efikasi diri melalui kejenuhan belajar berpengaruh terhadap motivasi belajar siswa.
TESS Spots a Super-puff: The Remarkably Low Density of TOI-1420b
Authors: Yoshida Stephanie , Vissapragada Shreyas , Latham David W. , Bieryla Allyson , Thorngren Daniel P. , Eastman Jason D. , López-Morales Mercedes , Barkaoui Khalid , Beichman Charles , Berlind Perry , Buchave Lars A. , Calkins Michael L. , Ciardi David R. , Collins Karen A. , Cosentino Rosario , Crossfield Ian J. M. , Dai Fei , DiTomasso Victoria , Dowling Nicholas , Esquerdo Gilbert A. , Forés-Toribio Raquel , Ghedina Adriano , Goliguzova Maria V. , Golub Eli , Gonzales Erica J. , Horta Ferran Grau , Higuera Jesus , Hoch Nora , Horne Keith , Howell Steve B. , Jenkins Jon M. , Klusmeyer Jessica , Laloum Didier , Lissauer Jack J. , Logsdon Sarah E. , Malavolta Luca , Matson Rachel A. , Matthews Elisabeth C. , McLeod Kim K. , Medina Jennifer V. , Muñoz Jose A. , Osborn Hugh P. , Safonov Boris , Schlieder Joshua , Schmidt Michael , Schweiker Heidi , Seager Sara , Sozzetti Alessandro , Srdoc Gregor , Stefánsson Guđmundur , Strakhov Ivan A. , Striegel Stephanie , Villaseñor Joel , Winn Joshua N.
Published: October 2023

We present the discovery of TOI-1420b, an exceptionally low-density (ρ = 0.08 ± 0.02 g cm−3) transiting planet in a P = 6.96 days orbit around a late G-dwarf star. Using transit observations from TESS, LCOGT, Observatoire Privé du Mont, Whitin, Wendelstein, OAUV, Ca l’Ou, and KeplerCam, along with radial velocity observations from HARPS-N and NEID, we find that the planet has a radius of R
p = 11.9 ± 0.3R
⊕ and a mass of M
p = 25.1 ± 3.8M
⊕. TOI-1420b is the largest known planet with a mass less than 50M
⊕, indicating that it contains a sizeable envelope of hydrogen and helium. We determine TOI-1420b’s envelope mass fraction to be

f

env

=

82

−
6

+
7

%

, suggesting that runaway gas accretion occurred when its core was at most four to five times the mass of the Earth. TOI-1420b is similar to the planet WASP-107b in mass, radius, density, and orbital period, so a comparison of these two systems may help reveal the origins of close-in low-density planets. With an atmospheric scale height of 1950 km, a transmission spectroscopy metric of 580, and a predicted Rossiter–McLaughlin amplitude of about 17 m s−1, TOI-1420b is an excellent target for future atmospheric and dynamical characterization.
Prospects for Cryovolcanic Activity on Cold Ocean Planets
Authors: Quick Lynnae C. , Roberge Aki , Mendoza Guadalupe Tovar , Quintana Elisa V. , Youngblood Allison A.
Published: October 2023

We have estimated total internal heating rates and depths to possible subsurface oceans for 17 planets that may be cold ocean planets, low-mass exoplanets with equilibrium surface temperatures and/or densities that are consistent with icy surfaces and a substantial H2O content. We have also investigated the potential for tidally driven cryovolcanism and exosphere formation on these worlds. Estimated internal heating rates from tidal and radiogenic sources are large enough that all planets in our study may harbor subsurface oceans, and their geological activity rates are likely to exceed the geological activity rates on Jupiter’s moon Europa. Several planets are likely to experience enhanced volcanic activity rates that exceed that of Io. Owing to their relatively thin ice shells and high rates of internal heating, Proxima Cen b and LHS 1140 b are the most favorable candidates for telescopic detection of explosive, tidally driven cryovolcanism. Estimates for thin ice shells on Proxima Cen b, LHS 1140 b, Trappist-1f, and several Kepler planets suggest that any H2O vented into space during explosive cryovolcanic eruptions on these worlds could be sourced directly from their subsurface oceans. Like the icy moons in our outer solar system, cold ocean planets may be astrobiologically significant worlds that harbor habitable environments beneath their icy surfaces. These possibilities should be considered during analyses of observational data for small exoplanets from current and upcoming telescopes and during planning for a future space telescope mission aimed at characterization of potentially habitable exoplanets (e.g., Habitable Worlds Observatory).
Characterizing Pulsars Detected in the Rapid ASKAP Continuum Survey
Authors: Anumarlapudi Akash , Ehlke Anna , Jones Megan L. , Kaplan David L. , Dobie Dougal , Lenc Emil , Leung James K. , Murphy Tara , Pritchard Joshua , Stewart Adam J. , Sengar Rahul , Anderson Craig , Banfield Julie , Heald George , Hotan Aidan W. , McConnell David , Moss Vanessa A. , Raja Wasim , Whiting Matthew T.
Published: October 2023

We present the detection of 661 known pulsars observed with the Australian SKA Pathfinder (ASKAP) telescope at 888 MHz as part of the Rapid ASKAP Continuum Survey (RACS). Detections were made through astrometric coincidence and we estimate the false alarm rate of our sample to be ∼0.5%. Using archival data at 400 and 1400 MHz, we estimate the power-law spectral indices for the pulsars in our sample and find that the mean spectral index is −1.78 ± 0.6. However, we also find that a single power law is inadequate for modeling all the observed spectra. With the addition of flux densities between 150 MHz and 3 GHz from various imaging surveys, we find that up to 40% of our sample show deviations from a simple power-law model. Using Stokes V measurements from the RACS data, we measured the circular polarization fraction for 9% of our sample and find that the mean polarization fraction is ∼10% (consistent between detections and upper limits). Using the dispersion-measure-derived distance, we estimate the pseudo-luminosity of the pulsars and do not find any strong evidence for a correlation with the pulsars’ intrinsic properties.
The Ultraviolet to Mid-infrared Extinction Law of the Taurus Molecular Cloud Based on the Gaia DR3, GALEX, APASS, Pan-STARRS1, 2MASS, and WISE Surveys
Authors: Li Ling , Wang Shu , Chen Xiaodian , Jiang QingQuan
Published: October 2023

Interstellar-dust extinction law is essential for interpreting observations. In this work, we investigate the ultraviolet (UV)–mid-infrared (IR) extinction law of the Taurus molecular cloud and its possible variations. We select 504,988 dwarf stars (4200 K ≤ T
eff ≤ 8000 K) and 4757 giant stars (4200 K ≤ T
eff ≤ 5200 K) based on the stellar parameters of Gaia DR3 as tracers. We establish the T
eff–intrinsic color relations and determine the intrinsic color indices and color excesses for different types of stars. In the determination of color excess ratios (CERs), we analyze and correct the curvature of CERs and derive the UV–mid-IR CERs of 16 bands. We consider different effective wavelengths for different types of stars when converting CERs to relative extinction and obtain the extinction law with a better wavelength resolution. In addition, we analyze the possible regional variation of extinction law and derive the average extinction law of R
V = 3.13 ± 0.32 for the Taurus molecular cloud. Only 0.9% of subregions have deviations >3σ, indicating limited regional variation in the extinction law. We also discuss the effect of Gaia T
eff overestimation on the determination of the Taurus extinction law and find that the effect is negligible.
A CHIME/FRB Study of Burst Rate and Morphological Evolution of the Periodically Repeating FRB 20180916B
Authors: Sand Ketan R. , Breitman Daniela , Michilli Daniele , Kaspi Victoria M. , Chawla Pragya , Fonseca Emmanuel , Mckinven Ryan , Nimmo Kenzie , Pleunis Ziggy , Shin Kaitlyn , Andersen Bridget C. , Bhardwaj Mohit , Boyle P. J. , Brar Charanjot , Cassanelli Tomas , Cook Amanda M. , Curtin Alice P. , Dong Fengqiu Adam , Eadie Gwendolyn M. , Gaensler B. M. , Kaczmarek Jane , Lanman Adam , Leung Calvin , Masui Kiyoshi W. , Rahman Mubdi , Pandhi Ayush , Pearlman Aaron B. , Petroff Emily , Rafiei-Ravandi Masoud , Scholz Paul , Shah Vishwangi , Smith Kendrick , Stairs Ingrid , Stenning David C.
Published: October 2023

FRB 20180916B is a repeating fast radio burst (FRB) with a 16.3 day periodicity in its activity. In this study, we present morphological properties of 60 FRB 20180916B bursts detected by CHIME/FRB between 2018 August and 2021 December. We recorded raw voltage data for 45 of these bursts, enabling microseconds time resolution in some cases. We studied variation of spectro-temporal properties with time and activity phase. We find that the variation in dispersion measure (DM) is ≲1 pc cm−3 and that there is burst-to-burst variation in scattering time estimates ranging from ∼0.16 to over 2 ms, with no discernible trend with activity phase for either property. Furthermore, we find no DM and scattering variability corresponding to the recent change in rotation measure from the source, which has implications for the immediate environment of the source. We find that FRB 20180916B has thus far shown no epochs of heightened activity as have been seen in other active repeaters by CHIME/FRB, with its burst count consistent with originating from a Poissonian process. We also observe no change in the value of the activity period over the duration of our observations and set a 1σ upper limit of 1.5 × 10−4 day day−1 on the absolute period derivative. Finally, we discuss constraints on progenitor models yielded by our results, noting that our upper limits on changes in scattering and DM as a function of phase do not support models invoking a massive binary companion star as the origin of the 16.3 day periodicity.
A High-level Ab Initio Study of the Destruction of Methanimine under UV Radiation
Authors: Bouallagui A. , Zanchet A. , Mogren Al Mogren M. , Bañares L. , García-Vela A.
Published: October 2023

The photodecomposition of methanimine (CH2NH) in the interstellar medium through several possible pathways is investigated by means of high-level multireference configuration interaction ab initio calculations. Among these pathways are photodissociation pathways involving hydrogen-atom elimination from both the CH2 and NH groups, and fragmentation into CH2 and NH. Potential-energy curves for the ground and several excited electronic states, as well as nonadiabatic couplings between them, are calculated. Possible dissociation mechanisms are discussed for the different pathways. It is found that the minimum excitation energy required for methanimine dissociation is above 7 eV. By using a two-dimensional representation of methanimine, CH2NH → CHNH2 isomerization is explored as an additional methanimine decomposition pathway. Hydrogen-atom elimination from the CH2 group is also investigated along the isomerization pathway. The results show that the isomerization proceeds by overcoming a transition state that in the first two excited states would require excitation energies similar to or somewhat lower than the typical minimum energies needed for breaking the molecule through the fragmentation pathways. Therefore, CH2NH → CHNH2 isomerization can effectively contribute to methanimine decomposition, competing efficiently with the photodissociation pathways. The radiation content present in the interstellar medium makes possible the occurrence of all the pathways studied.
Toward Model Compression for a Deep Learning–Based Solar Flare Forecast on Satellites
Authors: Feng Kai , Xu Long , Zhao Dong , Liu Sixuan , Huang Xin
Published: October 2023

Timely solar flare forecasting is challenged by the delay of transmitting vast amounts of data from the satellite to the ground. To avoid this delay, it is expected that forecasting models will be deployed on satellites. Thus, transmitting forecasting results instead of huge volumes of observation data would greatly save network bandwidth and reduce forecasting delay. However, deep-learning models have a huge number of parameters so they need large memory and strong computing power, which hinders their deployment on satellites with limited memory and computing resources. Therefore, there is a great need to compress forecasting models for efficient deployment on satellites. First, three typical compression methods, namely knowledge distillation, pruning, and quantization, are examined individually for compressing of solar flare forecasting models. And then, an assembled compression model is proposed for better compressing solar flare forecasting models. The experimental results demonstrate that the assembled compression model can compress a pretrained solar flare forecasting model to only 1.67% of its original size while maintaining forecasting accuracy.
AutoTAB: Automatic Tracking Algorithm for Bipolar Magnetic Regions
Authors: Sreedevi Anu , Jha Bibhuti Kumar , Karak Bidya Binay , Banerjee Dipankar
Published: October 2023

Bipolar magnetic regions (BMRs) provide crucial information about solar magnetism. They exhibit varying morphology and magnetic properties throughout their lifetime, and studying these properties can provide valuable insights into the workings of the solar dynamo. The majority of previous studies have counted every detected BMR as a new one and have not been able to study the full life history of each BMR. To address this issue, we have developed Automatic Tracking Algorithm for BMRs (AutoTAB) that tracks the BMRs for their entire lifetime or throughout their disk passage. AutoTAB uses the binary maps of detected BMRs and their overlapping criterion to automatically track the regions. In this first article of this project, we provide a detailed description of the working of the algorithm and evaluate its strengths and weaknesses by comparing it with existing algorithms. AutoTAB excels in tracking even for the small BMRs (with a flux of ∼1020 Mx), and it has successfully tracked 9152 BMRs over the last two solar cycles (1996–2020), providing a comprehensive data set that depicts the evolution of various properties for each BMR. The tracked BMRs exhibit the well-known butterfly diagram and 11 yr solar cycle variation, except for small BMRs, which appear at all phases of the solar cycle and show a weak latitudinal dependence. Finally, we discuss the possibility of adapting our algorithm to other data sets and expanding the technique to track other solar features in the future.
A Systematic Observational Study on Galactic Interstellar Ratio 18O/17O. II. C18O and C17O J = 2–1 Data Analysis
Authors: Zou 邹 Y. P. 益鹏 , Zhang 张 J. S. 江水 , Henkel C. , Romano D. , Liu 刘 W. 玮 , Zheng 郑 Y. H. 映慧 , Yan 闫 Y. T. 耀庭 , Chen 陈 J. L. 家梁 , Wang 汪 Y. X. 友鑫 , Zhao 赵 J. Y. 洁瑜
Published: October 2023

To investigate the relative amount of ejecta from high-mass versus intermediate-mass stars and to trace the chemical evolution of the Galaxy, we have performed a systematic study of Galactic interstellar 18O/17O ratios toward a sample of 421 molecular clouds with IRAM 30 m and the 10 m  Submillimeter Telescope, covering a galactocentric distance range of ∼1–22 kpc. The results presented in this paper are based on the J = 2–1 transition and encompass 364 sources showing both C18O and C17O detections. The previously suggested 18O/17O gradient is confirmed. For the 41 sources detected with both facilities, good agreement is obtained. A correlation of the 18O/17O ratios with heliocentric distance is not found, indicating that beam dilution and linear beam sizes are not relevant. For the subsample of IRAM 30 m high-mass star-forming regions with accurate parallax distances, an unweighted fit gives 18O/17O = (0.12 ± 0.02)R
GC + (2.38 ± 0.13) with a correlation coefficient of R = 0.67. While the slope is consistent with our J = 1–0 measurement, the ratios are systematically lower. This should be caused by larger optical depths of C18O 2–1 lines with respect to the corresponding 1–0 transitions, which is supported by RADEX calculations and the fact that C18O/C17O is positively correlated with 13CO/C18O. When we consider that optical depth effects with C18O J = 2–1 typically reach an optical depth of ∼0.5, the corrected 18O/17O ratios from the J = 1–0 and J = 2–1 lines are consistent. A good numerical fit to the data is provided by the MWG-12 model, which includes both rotating stars and novae.
Early Time Spectropolarimetry of the Aspherical Type II Supernova SN 2023ixf
Authors: Vasylyev Sergiy S. , Yang 杨 Yi 轶 , Filippenko Alexei V. , Patra Kishore C. , Brink Thomas G. , Wang Lifan , Chornock Ryan , Margutti Raffaella , Gates Elinor L. , Burgasser Adam J. , Karpoor Preethi R. , LeBaron Natalie , Softich Emma , Theissen Christopher A. , Wiston Eli , Zheng WeiKang
Published: October 2023

We present six epochs of optical spectropolarimetry of the Type II supernova (SN) 2023ixf ranging from ∼2 to 15 days after the explosion. Polarimetry was obtained with the Kast double spectrograph on the Shane 3 m telescope at Lick Observatory, representing the earliest such observations ever captured for an SN. We observe a high continuum polarization p
cont ≈ 1% on days +1.4 and +2.5 before dropping to 0.5% on day +3.5, persisting at that level up to day +14.5. Remarkably, this change coincides temporally with the disappearance of highly ionized “flash” features. The decrease of the continuum polarization is accompanied by a ∼70° rotation of the polarization position angle (PA) as seen across the continuum. The early evolution of the polarization may indicate different geometric configurations of the electron-scattering atmosphere as seen before and after the disappearance of the emission lines associated with highly ionized species (e.g., He ii, C iv, and N iii), which are likely produced by elevated mass loss shortly prior to the SN explosion. We interpret the rapid change of polarization and PA from days +2.5 to +4.5 as the time when the SN ejecta emerge from the dense asymmetric circumstellar material (CSM). The temporal evolution of the continuum polarization and the PA is consistent with an aspherical SN explosion that exhibits a distinct geometry compared to the CSM. The rapid follow-up spectropolarimetry of SN 2023ixf during the shock ionization phase reveals an exceptionally asymmetric mass-loss process leading up to the explosion.
On the Magnetic Nature of Quiet-Sun Chromospheric Grains
Authors: Jesús Martínez González María , del Pino Alemán Tanausú , Yabar Adur Pastor , Noda C. Quintero , Ramos Andrés Asensio
Published: October 2023

Ca ii K grains, i.e., intermittent, short-lived (about 1 minute), periodic (2–4 minutes), pointlike chromospheric brightenings, are considered to be the manifestations of acoustic waves propagating upward from the solar surface and developing into shocks in the chromosphere. After the simulations of Carlsson and Stein, we know that hot shocked gas moving upward interacting with the downflowing chromospheric gas (falling down after having been displaced upward by a previous shock) nicely reproduces the spectral features of the Ca ii K profiles observed in such grains, i.e., a narrowband emission-like feature at the blue side of the line core. However, these simulations are one-dimensional and cannot explain the location or the pointlike shape of the grains. Here, we report on the magnetic nature of these events. Furthermore, we report on similar events occurring at the largest flux concentrations, though they are longer-lived (up to 8 minutes) and exhibit the typical signature of steep velocity gradients traveling across the atmosphere. The spectral signatures of the studied events resemble their counterparts in sunspots, the umbral flashes. We then propose that magnetohydrodynamical waves are not only channeled through the magnetic field in sunspots, but they pervade the whole atmosphere. The propagation along magnetic fields can explain the pointlike appearance of the calcium grains observed in the quiet chromosphere.
Structural Relationship on Factors Influencing Digital Literacy of College Students
Authors: Xu Ting , Park Kyung Hee , Tian Xiaoxia
Published: October 2023

In the era of rapid development of science and electronic technology, cultivating students’ digital literacy has become one of the key goals. This study aims to explore the causal relationship between students’ cognitive engagement, behavioral engagement, emotional engagement, and digital literacy. For this purpose, 454 college students participated in the survey held in March 2022. According to the results of the structural equation model, (1) students’ cognitive engagement significantly influenced emotional engagement, behavioral engagement, and digital literacy. (2) Students’ cognitive and behavioral engagement is related to their digital literacy. (3) Emotional engagement could not predict digital literacy. (4) Behavioral engagement moderated the relationship between cognitive engagement and digital literacy. This study emphasizes socio-emotional ability, which critically explores the value of online information between meaningful information and fake news. In conclusion, higher education should be designed to cultivate each dimension by clearly recognizing the sub-dimensions of digital literacy.
Using Structural Equation Model Questionnaire Technology for Assessing Blending Teaching in STEAM Courses
Authors: Li Na , Wang Lin
Published: October 2023

Questionnaires for blending teaching effect evaluation from the perspective of science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics (STEAM) were reviewed in this study, and measurement problems for the questionnaire were designed. Effects of online and offline teaching environments, online teaching resources, and offline teaching processes in blending teaching of Engineering Surveying on learning satisfaction of university students were estimated using structural equation model (SEM) questionnaire technology. Results demonstrated that the overall Cronbach’s α of the questionnaire is 0.796 and the KMO value is 0.828 (> 0.8), indicating the good reliability and validity of the questionnaire. The online and offline teaching environments and offline teaching processes have a significantly positive promotion effect on learning satisfaction in the blending teaching mode. The online teaching resources have positive promotion effects on learning satisfaction, but such effects are not significant. Research conclusions have important references to disclose and analyze the online and offline interaction in blending teaching, recognize major problems to determine improvement direction, and design blending teaching strategic interventions and practices that promote learning engagement.
The Influence of Science and Technology Innovation Perception Education on Entrepreneurial Intention of College Students
Authors: Huang Bingchao
Published: October 2023

The current employment situation is grim, and the era of science and technology is conducive to college students providing new opportunities for innovation and entrepreneurship. The inclusion of entrepreneurship education in college courses can open up more employment opportunities for students. Therefore, the educational environment is crucial for students’ employment choices. This paper conducted a questionnaire survey on 582 college students from nine universities in Fujian Province, China, to develop a relationship model between science and technology innovation perception, education, and entrepreneurial intention. The results show that: 1. Science and technology innovation perception education has been proven to have a direct positive influence on college students’ entrepreneurial intention; 2. Undergraduates work value orientation (including career orientation, mission orientation, and livelihood orientation) significantly affects entrepreneurial self-efficacy and thus entrepreneurial intention; and 3. Both work value orientation and entrepreneurial selfefficacy have a direct influence on entrepreneurial intention, but the influence of entrepreneurial self-efficacy is greater than that of work value orientation. Therefore, enhancing college students’ entrepreneurial self-efficacy is the main way to improve entrepreneurial intention. Based on this, to improve the entrepreneurial intention of college students, colleges and universities should strengthen science and technology innovation perception education, do a good job in student employment guidance, improve students’ self-efficacy, meet undergraduates’ diverse employment needs, and provide more entrepreneurship resources to undergraduates.
Halakha et modernité
Authors: Dalsace Yeshaya
Published: October 2023

L’émancipation des Juifs aurait dû mettre un frein au juridisme religieux juif devenu obsolète dans un monde sécularisé. Or, il n’en est rien. La halakha, la loi religieuse juive, est plus dynamique que jamais et couvre les domaines les plus divers. L’article explore ces différents domaines de l’exégèse juridique mais aussi la diversité de styles et d’approches selon les personnalités et surtout les courants idéologiques du judaïsme contemporain. Il montre également l’incidence des moyens modernes de diffusion sur la halakha devenue plus facilement accessible à tous. Il ressort de l’ensemble un étonnant dynamisme juridique, mais aussi l’image d’un monde juif en pleine mutation, idéologique comme historique, mutation qui trouve son reflet dans l’exégèse halakhique.
Regard de la diaspora babylonienne sur Eretz-Israël à l’époque talmudique
Authors: Friedheim Emmanuel
Published: October 2023

L’objectif de cet article est de reconstituer le regard porté par la diaspora juive babylonienne vis-à-vis de sa consœur de la terre d’Israël au temps du Talmud. Contrairement à ce que l’on pouvait penser jadis, il semblerait que le rapport des Babyloniens envers Eretz-Israel fut en réalité globalement positif, y compris dans le cas de l’académie rabbinique babylonienne de Poumbédita.
Les sources du droit juif et la Halakha ancienne
Authors: Batsch Christophe
Published: October 2023

Cet article reprend, à la lumière des connaissances nouvelles sur la halakha ancienne tirées des manuscrits de la mer Morte (Qumrân), un débat déjà ancien sur la nature et la qualification juridique de la halakha rabbinique d’époque tanaïtique.La halakha élaborée par les Sages puise-t-elle ses sources dans une forme de « droit naturel » ou relève-t-elle plutôt d’un positivisme (ou nominalisme) juridique assumé ?