bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Topical aspects of etiology and prevention of cervical cancer
Authors: Leshcheva M. Yu. , Astapenko E. F. , Gabbasova N. V.
Published: May 2022

Cervical cancer (CC) occupies the fifth place in the structure of female oncopathology (n Russia. The share of CC is 5.2 % among all oncological diseases. iin Russia, 6.392 women died of CC in 2018. And the mortality rate from this disease is growing every year. In recent years, there has been an increase in the mortality rate among women aged 35 to 59 years at the age of the greatest social activity. The problem of etiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis of the disease remains relevant, despite the active development of medical science. The main cause of CC is considered to be the human papillomavirus of oncogenic genotypes. At the same time, even the active introduction of vaccination does not lead to a decrease in the rate of increase in morbidity and mortality from CC. At the same time, it is known that risk factors for the occurrence of the disease are early onset of sexual activity, frequent change of sexual partners, rejection of barrier methods of contraception, smoking, immunosuppression. Currently, the issue of the influence of sexually transmitted infections on the occurrence of CC has not been fully studied. We wondered what etiological factors have been most studied and reliably influence the occurrence of the disease, what preventive measures can help in this. We assume that only an integrated approach (lifestyle changes, vaccination, preventive medical examinations) can help defeat CC. The article discusses the key causes of the disease, the history of the study of the etiology of CC, the current state of the problem.
Yansıtıcı Düşünme Etkinliklerinin Akademik Başarı, Tutum ve Kalıcılığa Etkisi Meta-Analiz Çalışması
Authors: GÜRBÜZTÜRK Oğuz , ÜNAL Hilal
Published: May 2022

Bu araştırmada ders planlarında yansıtıcı düşünme etkinliklerinin olduğu çalışmalar ile ders planlarında geleneksel öğretim yöntemlerinin uygulandığı çalışmaların karşılaştırıldığı bireysel çalışmaların bir araya getirilerek, yansıtıcı düşünme etkinliklerinin akademik başarı, tutum ve kalıcılık üzerindeki genel etkisini incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Bu çalışma nicel araştırma yöntemi kapsamında tarama modeline dayalıdır. Bu çerçevede yansıtıcı düşünme etkinliklerinin akademik başarı, tutum ve kalıcılık üzerindeki etkisini inceleyebilmek için meta-analiz kullanılmıştır. Araştırmacılar tarafından belirlenen araştırmaya dahil edilme ölçütlerine uyan 39 çalışmadan veriler toplanmıştır. Toplanan verilerden çalışmaların değişkenler üzerindeki etki büyüklükleri ile birlikte genel etki büyüklüğü hesaplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde Comprehensive Meta Analysis programı kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada, Cohen’in etki büyüklüğü indeksinden yola çıkılarak yorumlar yapılmıştır. Homojenlik değerlerine göre heterojen yapıda olan her üç alt probleme ait etki hesaplamasında rastgele etkiler modeli kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analiz sonucunda yansıtıcı düşünme etkinliklerinin akademik başarıya etkisinin EB(g)= 1,168, tutuma etkisinin EB(g)= 0.793 ve kalıcılığa etkisinin EB(g)= 1.249 olduğu hesaplanmıştır. Dolayısıyla Cohen ve arkadaşlarının sınıflamasına göre yansıtıcı düşünme etkinliklerinin akademik başarı ve kalıcılık üzerinde çok geniş, tutum üzerinde geniş düzeyde etkiye sahip olduğu anlaşılmıştır.
Öğretmenlerin Üst Düzey Soru Yazma Becerilerine Yönelik Eylem Araştırması
Authors: USTA Gonca
Published: May 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı farklı branşlardaki öğretmenlerin üst düzey soru yazma becerilerine ilişkin algılarını belirlemek ve verilen eğitim sonunda üst düzey soru yazma becerilerinde fark edilebilir bir gelişme sağlayan bir eylem araştırması gerçekleştirmektir. Eylem araştırması eğitim başlangıcı, eğitim sırası ve eğitim sonu olmak üzere üç aşamada ele alınmıştır. Eğitimin başında katılımcıların eğitimden beklentileri, üst düzey sorulara ve Bloom taksonomisine ilişkin algıları ortaya konmuştur. Eğitim sırasında ise ne düzeyde ve ne yönde bir farkındalık oluştuğu takip edilmiş, eğitimin sonunda katılımcıların eğitim başlangıcı ve sonundaki görüşlerinde, bilgi düzeylerinde ne tür farklılıklar meydana geldiği fark ettirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Tüm bunlar doğrultusunda araştırmada gözlemlenenler; eğitim başında katılımcıların üst düzey sorulara ve Bloom taksonomisine ilişkin bilgi düzeylerinin oldukça sınırlı olduğu gözlenmiştir. Eğitim sırasında üst düzey soru yazma konusunda, Bloom taksonomisini içselleştirme konusunda oldukça zorlanmışlar bunun yanında farklı soru tiplerini incelemiş olmalarından dolayı bakış açılarında farklılık olduğunu belirtmişlerdir. Eğitim sonunda bilgi ve beceri bakımından büyük bir gelişim göstermelerinin yanında bu konuda yapılacak eğitimlere ihtiyaç duyduklarını belirtmişlerdir.
The Influences of Public and Institutional Pressure on Firms’ Cybersecurity Disclosures
Authors: D'Arcy John ,   University of Delaware, Basoglu Asli ,   University of Delaware
Published: May 2022

Cybersecurity disclosures in reports filed with the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) inform investors about firms’ cybersecurity incidents, risks, and related risk management efforts. Firms have traditionally chosen to communicate such information on a quarterly or annual basis, if at all, and prior research on the topic has largely focused on regulatory factors as driving forces. In this paper, we focus on timely disclosures (via 8-K filings) and derive hypotheses regarding the influences of two alternate forms of pressure as drivers of cybersecurity disclosures—(1) public pressure following a firm’s data breach and (2) pressure arising from the breaches of industry peers, which we cast as “institutional pressure.” We also theorize on how the source of the breach (internal or external) influences these forms of pressure. Our results suggest that firms’ cybersecurity disclosure practices are influenced by public pressure following a data breach and that this pressure is more acute for external breaches than for internal breaches. By contrast, breaches by industry peers, as a form of institutional pressure, appear to prompt fewer cybersecurity disclosures, except when the focal firm suffers its own external breach. From a theoretical perspective, our study supports a nuanced application of legitimacy theory in the cybersecurity disclosure context, especially in the midst of public and institutional pressure, such that the source of a data breach determines whether firms attempt to address the resultant legitimacy gap. From a practical perspective, our results may be viewed as alarming in that firms are not reacting to internal breaches with the same degree of communicative effort about cybersecurity as for external breaches, at least in terms of the timely disclosures we consider in this study. Our findings also point to certain levers that can promote timely cybersecurity disclosures, and thus have important policy implications.
Orientation Corrections of a Borehole Seismometer Network in Taiwan Using Teleseismic Earthquakes
Authors: Lin Yen-Yu , Chen Da-Yi , Kuo Chun-Hsiang , Lin Chin-Jen , Chen Wen-Yu , Wen Yi-Ying
Published: May 2022

The Central Weather Bureau, Taiwan, has deployed a borehole seismic network of 62 stations nationwide in Taiwan since 2008. Each borehole station includes a force-balance accelerometer on the surface, and a combination of an accelerometer and a broadband seismometer in the deep hole. The noise analyses have shown significant improvement in the performance of the borehole instruments compared with the instruments deployed on the surface. We propose a method to obtain robust orientations, as well as the uncertainty for both the borehole accelerometer and broadband seismometer using long-period waves (>2 s) after the S-wave arrival time of three mid-large teleseismic events and one local event. Overall, we successfully calibrated the orientations of the borehole sensors and found that the significant azimuth change for some borehole seismometers was always due to sensor maintenance. Based on the results of this study, we conclude that the long-period waveforms generated by a teleseismic event, wavelength of which is four times longer than the borehole depth, are useful for borehole orientation calibration. The correlation coefficients of the three components for both surface and borehole sensors larger than 0.9 are appropriate. The magnitude and epicenter distance of the event and on-site noise level are the factors that affect the quality of calibration. In addition, we conclude that the method of orientation calibration we propose is helpful for data quality control, including data timing and sensor failure. With the supplement of this azimuth estimation information, we expect that these high-quality borehole data in Taiwan will improve seismological research and will benefit the society.
Avaliação em tempos de ensino remoto emergencial
Authors: Molon Jaqueline , Motter Ludovico Francieli , da Silva Campelo Costa Barcellos Patrícia , Roberto Kieling Franco Sérgio
Published: May 2022

O ensino remoto emergencial levou a escola a buscar outras possibilidades de avaliação enquanto acompanhamento dos processos de ensino e aprendizagem. Com o intuito de compreender como os processos avaliativos formativos têm ocorrido nesse período, cinco professores da educação básica foram entrevistados. Este trabalho qualitativo, com objetivo descritivo, teve os dados gerados por meio de narrativas. Os relatos demonstram incertezas e alguns caminhos delineados para avaliar. Conclui-se que algumas tecnologias, quando disponíveis, auxiliam na avaliação dos processos de ensino e aprendizagem. Contudo, para as realidades em que essas tecnologias não são uma possibilidade à integralidade dos estudantes, os professores têm recorrido a diferentes estratégias para propor atividades de aprendizagem.
Automated COVID-19 Detection from WBC-DIFF Scattergram Images with Hybrid CNN Model Using Feature Selection
Authors: Ayyıldız Hakan , Kalaycı Mehmet , Tuncer Seda Arslan , Çınar Ahmet , Tuncer Taner
Published: May 2022

In the medical diagnosis such as WBC (white blood cell), the scattergram images show the relationships between neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes cells in the blood. For COVID-19 detection, the distributions of these cells differ in healthy and COVID-19 patients. This study proposes a hybrid CNN model for COVID-19 detection using scatter images obtained from WBC sub (differential-DIFF) parameters instead of CT or X-Ray scans. As a data set, the scattergram images of 335 COVID-19 suspects without chronic disease, collected from the biochemistry department of Elazig Fethi Sekin City Hospital, are examined. At first, the data augmentation is performed by applying HSV(Hue, Saturation, Value) and CIE-1931(Commission Internationale de l'éclairage) conversions. Thus, three different image large sets are obtained as a result of raw, CIE-1931, and HSV conversions. Secondly, feature extraction is applied by giving these images as separate inputs to the CNN model. Finally, the ReliefF feature extraction algorithm is applied to determine the most dominant features in feature vectors and to determine the features that maximize classification accuracy. The obtaining feature vector is classified with high-performance SVM in binary classification. The overall accuracy is 95.2%, and the F1-Score is 94.1%. The results show that the method can successfully detect COVID -19 disease using scattergram images and is an alternative to CT and X-Ray scans.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) Classification Based on Heart Rate Variability (HRV) on Electrocardiogram (ECG) Signal Using Support Vector Machine (SVM)
Authors: Rizal Achmad , Siregar Fauzan Dizki Alif Azmi , Fauzi Hilman Tresna
Published: May 2022

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disorder that occurs in a person's sleep pattern, and due to its ability to cause other health-related problems, various monitoring methods have been developed. One of the proposed methods is the ECG signal known as ECG-derived respiration (EDR), which uses changes in rhythm and patterns regularity to detect OSA occurrence. Therefore, this study aims to determine the OSA classification based on heart-rate variability (HRV) on electrocardiogram (ECG) signal using a support vector machine (SVM). The HRV parameter displays the rhythmic changes in the ECG signal under normal and OSA conditions. Eleven HRV characteristics were used to produce the highest accuracy of 89.5% with a support vector machine (SVM) as a classifier. The results were tested on a 1 minute long ECG signal annotated by an expert, which indicated that OSA can be detected by observing the dynamics of the distance of the R-R wave on the ECG signal.
Pointing Cursor Interaction in Virtual Reality from the Perspective of Distance Perception
Authors: Shi Mengdi , Hu Tao , Yu Jiawen
Published: May 2022

In virtual reality, the users cannot interact well or execute tasks efficiently, if the absolute distance is perceived incorrectly, or the pointing cursor is designed unreasonably. Drawing on the Fitts’ law extended for stereo pointing, this paper conducts interactive experiments on the pointing in virtual space. The variables involved in the experiments include type of cursor, absolute distance, object scale, and azimuth angle. A total of six assumptions were put forward: the perception precision of absolute distance and the object pointing velocity are influenced by type of cursor, absolute distance, object scale, and azimuth angle. Based on the experimental results, the object pointing precision and the object pointing duration were analyzed, followed by a discussion about the change law of the perception precision of absolute distance with the object pointing velocity. The experimental results show that, in the VR, both pointing cursor and object scale greatly affect perception precision of absolute distance, and object pointing velocity. The azimuth angle of object and absolute distance merely significantly affect object pointing velocity. The type of cursor and absolute distance exert a bidirectional interactive effect on the perception precision of absolute distance, and object pointing velocity. For the two types of pointing cursors, the object pointing duration has a positive correlation with the coefficient of difficulty, which is in line with the Fitts’ law extended for stereo pointing. The research discloses the factors affecting the perception of absolute distance, and guides the interaction and stereo pointing design of VR.
Vision Based Crack Detection in Concrete Structures Using Cutting-Edge Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Paramanandham Nirmala , Koppad Deepali , Anbalagan Sasithradevi
Published: May 2022

Concrete crack detection is the process of inspecting the concrete structures. If the defects present in any structures could not be detected in time, it may have a severe impact. The cracks can be detected using destructive as well as non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques. This article presents image based NDT techniques for detecting the concrete cracks using the cutting edge deep learning techniques. NDT is the process of analysing the materials, components, structures etc. without causing any damage to it. In this paper, a transfer learning technique is proposed for detecting the cracks in the concrete structures. A dataset of 40000 images of concrete which is collected from METU Campus is analysed in NVIDIA Tesla V100 12 GB GPU servers using various recent deep learning techniques and the results are tabulated. Performance of four pre trained network architectures such as Alexnet, VGG16, VGG19 and ResNet-50 is assessed for categorizing the images. From the results, it is revealed that the residual neural network technique is successful in detecting the cracks with high accuracy and less complexity.
A New Hybrid Breast Cancer Diagnosis Model Using Deep Learning Model and ReliefF
Authors: Burçak Kadir Can , Uğuz Harun
Published: May 2022

Breast cancer is a dangerous type of cancer usually found in women and is a significant research topic in medical science. In patients who are diagnosed and not treated early, cancer spreads to other organs, making treatment difficult. In breast cancer diagnosis, the accuracy of the pathological diagnosis is of great importance to shorten the decision-making process, minimize unnoticed cancer cells and obtain a faster diagnosis. However, the similarity of images in histopathological breast cancer image analysis is a sensitive and difficult process that requires high competence for field experts. In recent years, researchers have been seeking solutions to this process using machine learning and deep learning methods, which have contributed to significant developments in medical diagnosis and image analysis. In this study, a hybrid DCNN + ReliefF is proposed for the classification of breast cancer histopathological images, utilizing the activation properties of pre-trained deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) models, and the dimension-reduction-based ReliefF feature selective algorithm. The model is based on a fine-tuned transfer-learning technique for fully connected layers. In addition, the models were compared to the k-nearest neighbor (kNN), naive Bayes (NB), and support vector machine (SVM) machine learning approaches. The performance of each feature extractor and classifier combination was analyzed using the sensitivity, precision, F1-Score, and ROC curves. The proposed hybrid model was trained separately at different magnifications using the BreakHis dataset. The results show that the model is an efficient classification model with up to 97.8% (AUC) accuracy.
A Representation of 3GPP 5G-V2X Sidelink Enhancements in Releases 14, 15, 16, and 17
Authors: Abubakar Sa'adatu , Shariﬀ Azizulrahman Bin Mohd , Zaini Khuzairi Mohd , Fadilah Suzi Iryanti
Published: May 2022

Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication is considered the enabler of road safety, traffic efficiency, and compatibility for drivers, passengers, and vulnerable road users. The evolution of 5G V2X enhances the physical layer of LTE V2X in terms of resource allocation, frame structure, and many more. The amendments in the physical layer are to enable the exchange of safety and advanced driving services within a geographical area. The introduction of 25 use cases in the 3GPP Release 15 standard with different quality of service (QoS) requirements and high demand for data rates makes it possible for the enhancements. Delivering the services of the established use cases becomes a challenge in 5G-V2V communication. Release 14 and release 15 mark the evolution of LTE V2X, while Release 16 highlights 3GPP advancements for 5G V2X NR services, and Release 17 focuses on future enhancements with the applications of Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI). This study examines sidelink communication, resource allocation for LTE V2V and 5G-V2V, and NR V2X enablers such as Network Slicing (NS) and Machine Learning (ML) with recent capacity studies on V2V employing the two 5G enablers. In 5G-V2V Sidelink communication, Physical Sidelink Shared Channel (PSSCH) is responsible for broadcasting various messages using release 14 and release 16 waveforms. The capacity of PSSCH to broadcast the 5G services, such as Cooperative Awareness Messages (CAM), Decentralized Environmental Messages (DENM), Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) contents for environmental perception, and sensor DATA applications for driving intention, becomes a challenge. This study considered this challenge by providing a mathematical model of the capacity of V2V and V2I links in the 5G V2X network for mode selection using the Poisson point process and Poisson line process within a circular region.
Compressed High Resolution Satellite Image Processing to Detect Water Bodies with Combined Bilateral Filtering and Threshold Techniques
Authors: Rajyalakshmi Chatragadda , Rao Koritepati Ram Mohan , Rao Ramisetty Rajeswara
Published: May 2022

Water body extraction has become an increasingly important source of information for the prediction of heavy flood situations over the last few decades. Several approaches for identifying water bodies from separate High Resolution satellite data with varying spatial, spectral, and temporal characteristics have been developed. The vast amount of data available, supported by open access regulations adopted by many agencies, is transforming the remote sensing environment, underlining the necessity of data processing speed and efficiency. The current study presents an autonomous method for extracting water bodies from satellite pictures that use a single-band threshold approach with bilateral filtering. One important goal is to use low-cost software to understand raw picture data to evaluate multi-temporal and multi-sensor images. Using the proposed framework, the workflow is constructed on a free and open-source software processing framework. Water was detected properly and quickly from other land cover features.
A Robust Automatic Fingerprint Recognition System Using Multi-Connection Hopfield Neural Network
Authors: Yadav Jay Kant Pratap Singh , Singh Laxman , Jaffrey Zainul Abdin
Published: May 2022

Automatic fingerprint recognition has received significant attention because of its excellent fingerprint stability characteristics. Fingerprints will now explode in popularity as online stores allow payments and secure smartphones. The main objective of this study is to develop a fingerprint recognition system to identify individuals by using a new method, termed as ‘Multi-Connection Hopfield Neural Network’. This might pave the way for the development of a more robust fingerprint recognition system that is more accurate and capable of working in noisy environments. Furthermore, such a system makes operations less complex and saves memory by employing additional tranches of auto-associative memory. This study uses three databases, namely FVC-2004, International NIST-4, and internal database, containing 80, 2000, and 2000 fingerprint images. The proposed fingerprint recognition system achieves 99.65% accuracy without noise. This study also shows that the proposed system works well in the presence of noise and achieves 96.07% accuracy in the presence of 50% random noise.
Deep Residual CNN with Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization for Weed Detection in Soybean Crops
Authors: Babu Velpula Sekhara , Ram Nidumolu Venkat
Published: May 2022

Weeding is the fundamental task in agriculture to increase yields crop. Accurate weed recognition is major prerequisite in precision agriculture. Precision weeding significant reduces the usage of herbicides in farming. Deep learning has been a major endeavor for enhancing the learning performance, particularly for classification. This paper proposes a Deep Residual Convolutional neural network (DRCNN) with Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) for weed and crop classification helpful for accurate individual targeting of weeds. In this method, initially data augmentation is performed to avoid overfitting on training data, A deeper residual network architecture is defined through residual connections in CNN architecture this architecture improves gradient flow through the network and for training the deeper network. The experiments are carried out on the publicly available dataset with four groups of images viz., soil, grass, soybean and broadleaf. Different state-of-the-art pretrained networks like AlexNet, and VGG-16 Net are also investigated and the results are compared. The proposed method yielded an accuracy of 97.3% which is superior to other methods.
Deep Learning Application in Detecting Glass Defects with Color Space Conversion and Adaptive Histogram Equalization
Authors: Sari Filiz , Ulas Ali Burak
Published: May 2022

Manually detecting defects on the surfaces of glass products is a slow and time-consuming process in the quality control process, so computer-aided systems, including image processing and machine learning techniques are used to overcome this problem. In this study, scratch and bubble defects of the jar, photographed in the studio with a white matte background and a -60° peak angle, are investigated with the Yolo-V3 deep learning technique. Obtained performance is 94.65% for the raw data. Color space conversion (CSC) techniques, HSV and CIE-Lab Luv, are applied to the resulting images. V channels select for preprocessing. While the HSV method decreases the performance, an increase has been observed in the CIE-Lab Luv method. With the CIE-Lab Luv method, to which is applied the adaptive histogram equalization, the maximum recall, precision, and F1-score reach above 97%. Also, Yolo-V3 compared with the Faster R-CNN, it is observed that Yolo-V3 gave better results in all analyzes, and the highest overall accuracy is achieved in both methods when adaptive histogram equalization is applied to CIE-Lab Luv.
Avaliação da Saúde Ocular de Crianças da Educação Infantil em uma Creche: Tecendo Laços entre Educação e Saúde
Authors: Santos Arilene Maria da Silva , Tajra Ingrid , Torres Michelle Vicente
Published: May 2022

Objetivo: Avaliar a acuidade visual de crianças da educação infantil em um Centro Municipal de Educação Infantil (CMEI) do município de Teresina-PI. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa de caráter quantitativo, do tipo observacional, descritivo e transversal. Participaram do estudo 75 pré-escolares que estavam matriculados e frequentando regularmente a CMEI do bairro analisado, de ambos os sexos, na faixa etária de 3 a 6 anos de idade, sendo obtida prévia autorização dos pais/responsáveis. Foi realizada a avaliação da acuidade visual por meio do Teste de Snellen adaptado para a faixa etária estudada. Resultados: Foi constatada baixa acuidade visual em 2 crianças do sexo feminino (2,66%) e 1 criança (1,33%) do sexo masculino, portanto não havendo diferença expressiva quanto ao sexo. Foram observadas ainda a presença de sinais e sintomas que indicam a necessidade de consulta oftalmológica mais aprofundada em cerca de 7%, devido alterações constatadas não somente pelo Teste de Snellen, mas também pela presença de sinais e sintomas indicativos de encaminhamento como o estrabismo e dor ocular em dois pré-escolares. Considerações Finais: A avaliação visual realizada permitiu avaliar a acuidade visual dos pré-escolares e assim contribuiu para a possibilidade de um diagnóstico de baixa acuidade visual das crianças avaliadas e seu posterior encaminhamento visando tratamento adequado, refletindo também na conscientização de pais/responsáveis e a necessidade de instituição efetiva de laços que aproximem a Estratégia de Saúde da Família e CMEI.
Mortalidade por COVID-19 Comparada: Brasil, Rio de Janeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Macaé, Cabo Frio e Rio das Ostras
Authors: Guimarães Antonio Candido de Camargo , Santa Cruz Coelho Karla , Tereza da Cruz Kathleen , Soares de Oliveira Souza Bárbara , Forastieri de Almeida Janimayri , Fialho Coelho Gustavo , Ramos Lacerda Ferreira Gabriella
Published: May 2022

Objetivos: analisar quantitativa e comparativamente os óbitos por COVID-19 nos quatro maiores municípios do Norte Fluminense (Campos dos Goytacazes e Macaé) e Baixada Litorânea do Rio de Janeiro (Cabo Frio e Rio das Ostras), situando-os no contexto estadual e nacional. Métodos: usamos dados do Registro Civil e informações demográficas para elaborar um quadro geral da pandemia até a 41a semana epidemiológica sob vários aspectos. Resultados: caracterizamos a evolução da pandemia, diferenciando os padrões conforme localidade. Encontramos uma dependência universal exponencial do coeficiente de mortalidade com a idade e uma maior letalidade na população masculina em relação à feminina, variável entre os municípios. O recorte racial também é examinado e discutido. Determinamos que a COVID-19 representa fração importante das causas de morte em 2020, estando associada à significativo excesso de óbitos em relação à 2019 e à alteração dos padrões de mortalidade por outras causas, com implicações relevantes para a saúde pública. Conclusões: a mortalidade é um indicador efetivo e poderoso para a compreensão da infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2 e sua pandemia, sendo sua análise local um instrumento indispensável para a construção de políticas públicas para o enfrentamento da pandemia e gestão da saúde pública.
Educação em saúde na Estratégia Saúde da Família: Saberes e práticas de enfermeiros – Revisão integrativa
Authors: Alexandre de Sá Barreto Marinho Mirna Neyara , De Alencar Olga Maria , Ribeiro de Castro Júnior André , Ferreira da Silva Maria Rocineide
Published: May 2022

O objetivo dessa pesquisa é caracterizar o conteúdo das produções científicas em relação aos saberes e práticas de enfermeiros e enfermeiras acerca da educação em saúde no contexto da Estratégia Saúde da Família. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa de literatura que se utilizou dos descritores ‘enfermeiros e enfermeiras’, ‘educação em saúde’ e ‘Estratégia Saúde da Família’, com a busca no portal da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde encontrando-se inicialmente 203 estudos e, a partir dos critérios de inclusão (textos disponíveis e completos e sem duplicidade), oito artigos compuseram a amostra, com síntese destes em tabela e posteriormente representados em duas categorias – ‘Educação em saúde – Saberes de enfermeiros e enfermeiras da Estratégia Saúde da Família’ e ‘Do discurso à prática: Paradoxos e barreiras na educação em saúde’.  Apesar dos estudos apontarem que estes profissionais consideram a educação em saúde como um momento ímpar para o empoderamento dos usuários, suas práticas não condizem com a construção desse fenômeno, inclusive, considerando as metodologias aplicadas pelos profissionais, identificadas ainda numa perspectiva de educação tradicional e bancária.
Prevalência e Fatores Associados a Transtornos Mentais Entre Universitários da Área da Saúde: Revisão de Literatura
Authors: Aquino Gabriel Angelo de , Santos Gabriel da Cruz , Forte Ana Rízzia Cunha Cordeiro , Gusmão Camilla Teixeira Pinheiro , Vieira Karoline Lima , Prata Victoria Pinheiro Silveira , Torquato Gabriel Magalhães , Torres Morgana Carla Souza , De Oliveira Larissa Alexandrino , Patrocínio Marianna Letícia Vasconcelos , Vasconcelos Silvânia Maria Mendes
Published: May 2022

Objetivos: Analisar as principais produções da literatura científica brasileira sobre a prevalência e os fatores associados aos transtornos mentais entre estudantes universitários da área da saúde. Fonte de dados: Foi realizada uma revisão narrativa da literatura nas bases de dados Scielo, PubMed e Science Direct, sendo incluídas 15 pesquisas originais sobre o tema.  Conclusão: O cuidado em saúde mental durante a graduação, com ênfase na prevenção do adoecimento mental dos estudantes da saúde, perpassa por nuances que exigem dos alunos diversas adaptações. É urgente e necessário o envolvimento das instituições de ensino no desenvolvimento de políticas educacionais e oferta de serviços de suporte terapêutico nesse processo.Palavras-chave: Saúde Mental. Transtornos Mentais. Serviços de Saúde para Estudantes. Depressão. Ansiedade.
“Hiperbingão”: Uma Estratégia de Adesão ao Tratamento de Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica na Atenção Primária à Saúde
Authors: Westphal Ramos Gabriely , Pena Machado Paula Vitória , Dallegrave Daniela
Published: May 2022

Objetivo: descrever a criação de um material educativo e sugestões de uso para melhoria da adesão ao tratamento e uso em grupos terapêuticos para manejo da Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS) na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Métodos: o processo ocorreu em três etapas: escolha do público-alvo e modelo terapêutico, definição de atividade e elaboração. Destina-se a usuários da Atenção Primária à Saúde com diagnóstico de HAS. A escolha da atividade objetivou uma modalidade de fácil execução, baixo custo, com ênfase na motivação, assim, optando-se por uma versão modificada do modelo bingo, destinada a grupos terapêuticos. A produção ocorreu por meio de plataforma virtual de design, com uso de imagens de livre reprodução. Resultados: A criação final foi um jogo baseado no bingo. Na face frontal são apresentadas imagens de hábitos recomendados, marcando-se com a letra 'X' as atividades presentes no cotidiano. No verso, há um espaço reservado para registro de dúvidas e dificuldades e um espaço para controle da medicação, ingestão diária de água e curiosidades sobre hábitos de vida.Conclusões: O desenvolvimento da atividade proposta em serviços da atenção primária à saúde pode auxiliar os profissionais de saúde nas orientações de tratamento da HAS. Considerando as múltiplas estratégias de prevenção, acredita-se que a implementação do “Hiperbingão” pode ser uma maneira instigante de abordar o usuário sobre medidas de prevenção e torná-lo agente do próprio cuidado.
Grupos lúdicos: contribuições no tratamento oncológico de adultos
Authors: Vinhando Natália , Higa Elza de Fátima Ribeiro , Lemes Monike Alves , Otani Márcia Aparecida Padovan
Published: May 2022

ResumoObjetivo: Analisar as contribuições dos grupos lúdicos no tratamento oncológico de pacientes adultos. Método: Pesquisa exploratória qualitativa, realizada em um hospital filantrópico no interior paulista, com 18 pacientes adultos. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevista semiestruturada e os resultados foram analisados de acordo com a Análise de Conteúdo Temática. Resultados: Da análise dos dados, emergiram três categorias: sentimentos despertados durante a atividade dos grupos lúdicos, contribuições dos grupos lúdicos no tratamento oncológico e comentários e sugestões em relação à atividade dos grupos lúdicos. A motivação para continuidade do tratamento, o alívio da dor, a sensação de bem-estar e a mudança do ambiente hospitalar são referidas pelos participantes como contribuições dos grupos lúdicos e sugerem a continuidade e expansão dos mesmos. Considerações finais: evidencia-se que as atividades realizadas pelos grupos lúdicos é uma estratégia capaz de minimizar o sofrimento relacionado à doença e à internação hospitalar. Ressalta-se a necessidade de os profissionais de saúde reconhecerem sua importância durante a hospitalização como uma ferramenta para a humanização do cuidado em saúde.
A Metodologia do Estudo do Meio como forma de promoção do Patrimônio Local: um olhar sob a perspectiva da identidade cultural buziana
Authors: Carneiro José Ângelo , Guimarães Valéria Lima
Published: May 2022

O artigo apresenta uma experiência a partir do estudo do meio com os alunos do ensino técnico em turismo do Colégio Estadual João de Oliveira Botas, em Búzios (RJ). A ideia surgiu da constatação do pouco conhecimento que estes possuíam dos atrativos turísticos, evidenciando um distanciamento dos bens patrimoniais buzianos. O objetivo foi entender as causas de seu desconhecimento e como essas aulas poderiam contribuir para a criação de laços de identificação com esses lugares de memória. Nos roteiros, considerou-se as categorias tempo, espaço e tematização, a dialética da apropriação e leitura dos espaços e o Paradigma da Complexidade para entender suas dinâmicas através da lógica dos fixos e fluxos. A metodologia se baseou no estudo de caso, apoiado nas pesquisas bibliográfica, documental e de base etnográfica. Para a coleta e análise dos dados utilizou-se o questionário, relatório de visitação e ata dos estudos de grupo focal, compreendendo e compreendeu cinco turmas no período de 2015 a 2017. Os resultados demonstraram que os bens patrimoniais mais conhecidos estavam localizados na área turística da cidade e que a falta de sinalização dificultava sua identificação e localização pelos alunos.
Ray Tracing versus Thin-Lens Formulas for IOL Power Calculation Using Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Biometry
Authors: Ghaffari Reza , Abdi Parisa , Moghaddasi Alireza , Heidarzadeh Somayeh , Ghahvhechian Hossein , Kasiri Maryam
Published: May 2022

Purpose: To evaluate the ray tracing method's accuracy employing Okulix ray tracing software and thin-lens formulas to calculate intraocular lens (IOL) power using a swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) biometer (OA2000).
Methods: A total of 188 eyes from 180 patients were included in this study. An OA-2000 optical biometer was used to collect biometric data. The predicted postoperative refraction based on thin-lens formulas including SRK/T, Hoffer Q, Holladay 1, and Haigis formulas and the ray tracing method utilizing the OKULIX software was determined for each patient. To compare the accuracy of approaches, the prediction error and the absolute prediction error were determined.
Results: The mean axial length (AL) was 23.66 mm (range: 19–35). In subgroup analysis based on AL, in all ranges of ALs the ray tracing method had the lowest mean absolute error (0.56), the lowest standard deviation (SD; 0.55), and the greatest proportion of patients within 1 diopter of predicted refraction (87.43%) and the lowest absolute prediction error compared to the other formulas (except to SRK/T) in the AL range between 22 and 24 mm (all P < 0.05). In addition, the OKULIX and Haigis formulas had the least variance (variability) in the prediction error in different ranges of AL.
Conclusion: The ray tracing method had the lowest mean absolute error, the lowest standard deviation, and the greatest proportion of patients within 1 diopter of predicted refraction. So, the OKULIX software in combination with SS-OCT biometry (OA2000) performed on par with the third-generation and Haigis formulas, notwithstanding the potential for increased accuracy in the normal range and more consistent results in different ranges of AL.
Prevalence and Causes of Avoidable Blindness in Subjects Over 50 Years of Age in Honduras
Authors: Eunice Amador Rosa Mariel , Lozano Bustillo Alejandra , Espinoza Salvadó Iván , Sierra Manuel , Rivera Belinda
Published: May 2022

Purpose: To describe the prevalence and causes of avoidable blindness in people aged 50 and over in the areas of influence of doctors in social service during the years 2018–2019.
Methods: This observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study, with analysis of association of variables, was conducted on patients 50 years and older at the national level, selected under simple random sampling, where sociodemographic variables, background, and clinical characteristics were studied. An ophthalmological clinical examination was performed with prior informed consent, and the information was processed and analyzed using Epi Info 7.2 statistical package and SPSS version 25.
Results: Overall, 7992 people were evaluated, with a mean age of 62 years; 60.8% (4861) were women and 39.2% (3131) were men. The prevalence of blindness for both eyes was 4.5% (356/7992, 95% CI: 4.1–5.1%, p < 0.001). The prevalence of severe and moderate visual impairment was 1.5% (118/127) and 12.9% (1029)/12.6% (1004) for the right and left eyes, respectively. The main causes of blindness were cataract, refractive error, and glaucoma.
Conclusion: The prevalence of avoidable blindness found in the study was higher than expected and the respective causes were consistent with previous studies. Consequently, it is recommended to implement health policies aimed at the prevention and management of avoidable blindness.
Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on the Ophthalmologists in Iran
Authors: Kalantarion Masomeh , Rajavi Zhale , Sabbaghi Hamideh , Kheiri Bahareh , Hasan Shahriari Mohammad , Fatahi Mozafar Farinaz
Published: May 2022

Purpose: To identify the psychological impact of coronavirus disease on ophthalmologists practicing in Iran between August and December 2020.
Methods: In this cross-sectional online survey, a standard Patient Health Questionnaire- 9 (PHQ- 9) was completed by 228 ophthalmologists who were practicing in Iran. The PHQ- 9 questionnaire was revised by adding two additional questions specifically applicable for the assessment of the psychological impact of coronavirus disease on the Iranian ophthalmologists. An organized classification regarding the assessment of different depression severities identified as no (0–4), mild (5–9), moderate (10–14), or severe (15–21) was then considered for data analysis.
Results: The mean age of our participants was 49.0 ± 15.61 years and the majority of them (67.1%) were male. Depression was discovered in 73.68% (n = 168) with different severities ranging from mild (n = 61, 26.75%), moderate (n = 63, 27.63%), and severe (n = 44, 19.3%). It was found that participants with depression were older as compared to those without depression (P = 0.038). Higher percentages of severe depression were noticed in the high-risk regions contaminated with coronavirus as compared to the other low-risk regions (P = 0.003). Based on multivariable models, we determined that ophthalmologists who were somewhat concerned about their training/ profession (OR: 0.240; 95% CI: 0.086–0.672; P = 0.007) and those with no concerns about their income had lower association with depression (OR: 0.065; 95% CI: 0.005–0.91; P = 0.042).
Conclusion: High prevalence of depression was observed among older-aged Iranian ophthalmologists living in high-risk contaminated regions who possessed serious concerns with respect to their training/profession and income. It is recommended that the health policymakers of Iran pay more attention to the ophthalmologists who experience the aforementioned factors.
Pattern and Visual Prognostic Factors of Behcet’s Uveitis in Northwest Iran
Authors: Ghavidel Leila Alizadeh , Bagheri Masood , Mousavi Farideh , Rezaei Leila , Hazeri Somayyeh , Hashemi Hesam-Sadat
Published: May 2022

Purpose: To investigate the pattern of ocular involvement in Behcet’s disease (BD) with predictors of patients’ final state of vision.
Methods: This historical cohort encompassed the clinical records of 200 patients diagnosed according to the International Criteria for BD (ICBD), over a period of 17 years between 2004 and 2021.
Results: The prevalence of Behcet’s uveitis (BU) was more common in females and patients in the fourth decade of life. Ninety-five patients (47.5%) had evidence of ocular involvement in the initial ophthalmologic evaluation, and 171 patients (85.5%) manifested evidence of BU during the follow-up visits of which bilateral non-granulomatous panuveitis was the most common anatomical pattern of involvement (32.9%) followed by posterior (27.6%), anterior (26.5%), and intermediate (13.8%) uveitis. The prevalent accompanying signs were oral aphthous (67%), skin lesions (29%), and genital ulcers (19.5%). Cystoid macular edema (CME) was the most frequent ocular complication (62%), followed by cataract (57.5%) and epiretinal membranes (ERM) (36.5%). Univariate analysis showed the following determinants: male gender, younger age at onset, panuveitis, posterior uveitis, retinal vasculitis, and longer duration of uveitis as poorer visual prognostic factors of the disease. Multivariate analysis demonstrated a higher chance of poor visual prognosis of BD in patients with panuveitis, posterior uveitis, retinal vasculitis, and longer duration of uveitis.
Conclusion: This cohort study demonstrated an overview on epidemiological patterns of BU along with the visual prognostic factors in Iranian patients.
“Inverted Snowing-Cloud” Sign in Endogenous Candida Endophthalmitis
Authors: Anvari Pasha , Mirshahi Reza , Sedaghat Ahad , Ghasemi Falavarjani Khalil
Published: May 2022

Candida spp. is the most common cause of endogenous fungal endophthalmitis. The diagnosis of this rare disease is based on clinical findings supported by positive blood culture. Recently, it has been shown that optical coherence tomography (OCT) characteristic findings are beneficial in making a correct diagnosis of fungal infection in cases with endogenous endophthalmitis. The current photo-essay aims to highlight the role of OCT in diagnosis of Candida endogenous endophthalmitis where OCT imaging of one of the retinal lesions disclosed a pre-retinal hyper reflective lesion with overlying punctate vitreous opacities. We propose “inverted snowing-cloud” sign for this OCT pattern considering the resemblance of the vitreous opacities to snowflakes.
Design of artistic and industrial products
Authors:   Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Kaukina Ol'ga Valer'evna , Aver'yanova Tat'yana Aleksandrovna ,   Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University
Published: May 2022

This workshop was developed in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard 3 ++ and the bachelor's degree curriculum in the field of training 29.03.03 "Technology of artistic processing of materials", profile "Technology of artistic processing of materials" in higher educational institutions. The workshop contributes to the formation of competencies in the discipline "Fundamentals of vocational and technical activities." It presents: all practical work with a description of tasks and examples of the implementation of these tasks, as well as guidelines for the implementation of extracurricular independent work of students. The workshop is intended for students and teachers of higher educational institutions, a wide range of educational workers.
Ameliorative Effects of Vanadyl Sulfate on Some Biochemical Parameters of Experimental Diabetic Rat Kidneys
Authors: ORHAN Nurdagül , TUNALI Sevim , YANARDAĞ Refiye
Published: May 2022

Diabetes mellitus (DM), closely related to diabetic nephropathy, is one of the major public health problems worldwide. Today, with the increasing understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of DM, new oral anti-diabetic treatment strategies are being developed. Vanadium is a transition element that is widely distributed in nature, and its oral administration has been reported to improve DM in humans and a variety of diabetic animal models. The purpose of the research is to explore the effect of vanadyl sulfate (VS) administration on the different enzyme activities associated with kidney injury in streptozotocin- (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Male rats were assigned into groups as follows: untreated control, control animals given VS (100 mg/kg), diabetic (a single dose of intraperitoneal STZ, 65 mg/kg), and diabetic + VS (same dose) group. VS was administered orally for 60 days after the induction of diabetes. On the 60th day of experiment, kidney samples were taken for analysis. According to the data obtained from the biochemical analysis, the activities of transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, carbonic anhydrase, and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase decreased, whereas superoxide dismutase activity elevated in the kidney tissue of VS treated hyperglycemic animals. The results suggested that VS improved the diabetic renal injury, probably by VS insulin-mimic and antioxidant behavior through decreased oxidative stress and increased antioxidant capacity. Therefore, vanadyl sulfate might be used as a potential oral anti-diabetic compound in the treatment of the diabetic nephropathy, and as an important control for elevated blood glucose levels in the diabetic state.
​​Soil Test based Fertilizer Recommendation for Selected Districts of Southern Ethiopia Agricultural Soils
Authors: Lelago Alemu , Haile Wassie , Bibiso Mesfin
Published: May 2022

Background: Ethiopia has used only DAP and urea, which supplies only N and P with a blanket application rate. Methods: This study recommended soil test-based fertilizer(s) for agricultural soils of three districts in the KambataTembaro zone of southern Ethiopia. Four hundred sixty geo-referenced composite soil samples were collected and analyzed. Result: The result revealed that N, P, K, S, B and Cu were deficient in the soils of the study area. Overlay analysis showed that 13 fertilizers could be recommended for the study area using possible element combinations. However, only NPSB and NPSBCu were found to be dominant by covering 89 and 11% after pooling other formulations, which span over less than 5% to more similar larger fertilizer types. Among soil samples collected,16% of soil samples were found at pH values less than 5.5 and therefore required liming. The application of DAP and urea only can’t afford optimum crop production in the study area. In addition to N and P, S, B and Cu were deficient in the study area. A further detailed study is recommended to determine the adequatelyblended fertilizers and liming rates.