bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Plasmonic nano-arrays for ultrasensitive bio-sensing
Authors: Jiang Jing , Wang Xinhao , Li Shuang , Ding Fei , Li Nantao , Meng Shaoyu , Li Ruifan , Qi Jia , Liu Qingjun , Liu Gang Logan
Published: August 2018

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and localized SPR (LSPR) effects have been shown as the principles of some highlysensitive sensors in recent decades. Due to the advances in nano-fabrication technology, the plasmon nano-array sensors based on SPR and LSPR phenomena have been widely used in chemical and bioloical analysis. Sensing with surface-enhanced field and sensing for refractive index changes are able to identify the analytes quantitatively and qualitatively. With the newly developed ultrasensitive plasmonic biosensors, platforms with excellent performance have been built for various biomedical applications, including point-of-care diagnosis and personalized medicine. In addition, flexible integration of plasmonics nano-arrays and combining them with electrochemical sensing have significantly enlarged the application scenarios of the plasmonic nano-array sensors, as well as improved the sensing accuracy.
Much Ado about the Egyptian Pound: Exchange Rate Misalignment and the Path Towards Equilibrium
Authors: Noureldin Diaa
Published: August 2018

This paper estimates Egypt's equilibrium real exchange rate and exchange rate misalignment based on economic fundamentals over the period 2001Q3–2017Q3. Focusing on the more recent period, we find that the Egyptian pound was undervalued by about 22.3% in 2017Q1 due to overshooting its equilibrium value after floating the currency in 2016Q4. The currency undervaluation then declined to 18.5% in 2017Q3 driven by an increase in the real effective exchange rate due to a surge in domestic inflation. With regard to the determinants of the equilibrium real exchange rate, we find the productivity differential (vis-à-vis Egypt's trade partners) and trade openness to be the most significant factors. We also provide projections for the equilibrium real exchange rate and exchange rate misalignment until 2020Q4, which reveal that the exchange rate undervaluation will be dissipating fast due to high inflation. If the nominal exchange rate stabilizes at its level in 2017Q3 (17.73 pounds per US dollar), the currency will be overvalued by 13.1% in 2020Q4. Given the uncertainty surrounding the projections, a forecast combination approach is also presented. Finally, the paper highlights the implications of the empirical findings for the conduct of monetary policy in Egypt.
Knowledge in Late Antiquity
Authors: Stefaniw Blossom
Published: August 2018

The 20th century saw intense change in theories of knowledge. How can we integrate such developments with our approach to knowledge (as represented in texts) in Late Antiquity? What happens if we apply the notion of knowledge as a product of specific acts and institutions with specific purposes and functions to late ancient texts which concern themselves with the production, collection or display of different grades of knowledge? How would such an approach change the way we frame research on theological, philosophical, and pedagogical texts? In this essay I argue that we should abandon debates about whether to categorize specific texts as esoteric, theological/Christian or philosophical/pagan, and turn our attention to culturally and historically particular features of the terrain of the late ancient episteme. I describe six features of knowledge production through textual practices and articulate the imagined epistemic world in which reading practices took place and which defined the conditions of the value or legitimacy of those practices. This essay is offered as a framework for the interpretation of texts concerned with the production of knowledge, whether on the quotidian level of grammatical education or in its more rarefied forms. This framework allows texts to be read together according to function rather than formal genre or the the religious identity of their authors, so that new conversations around late ancient knowledge production can emerge and models of influence or borrowing can be left behind. The six features I have identified are patrimony, curatorship, mimesis, oikonomia, cosmos, and the product of all of these, the object-subject.
The Will of Others
Authors: Balberg Mira , Muehlberger Ellen
Published: August 2018

Scholarly reflections on the concept of the will as it is articulated in late ancient texts have centered on the male individual and the difficulties he faces as he tries to train or direct his intentions. By contrast, in this article we seek to explore late ancient concepts and negotiations of the will by considering a cluster of ancient Jewish and Christian narrative scenarios in which women are under the threat of sexual assault. Rather than a split between warring parts of one person, these narratives treat moments when the will of one actor is in conflict with the will of another. Thus, these scenarios raise questions that cannot otherwise be accessed about human intention, agency, and subjectivity, and their limitations by social and cultural realities. We argue that these cases should be viewed not as the marginal troubles that sometimes happen to women, but as expressions of the fundamental problems at the heart of the theories of the will embraced within late ancient Judaism and Christianity.
Hongos endófitos foliares como candidatos a biocontroladores contra Moniliophthora spp. de Theobroma cacao (Malvaceae) en Ecuador
Authors: Villavicencio Vásquez Mirian , Espinoza Lozano Rodrigo , Sosa del Castillo Daynet , Pérez Martínez Simón
Published: August 2018

La adaptabilidad de los hongos endófitos a sus hospedantes, los beneficios ecológicos que le brinda y los diversos mecanismos antagónicos contra plagas que poseen los convierten  en una alternativa para el control biológico de enfermedades. Se determinó el potencial de 17 cepas de hongos endofíticos foliares (FEF) obtenidas de tejido sano de Theobroma cacao como candidatas para el control biológico de Moniliophthora roreri (MR) y M. perniciosa (MP). Se evaluaron: i) el micoparasitismo de los FEF frente a colonias de Moniliophthora spp., ii) la acción de los metabolitos crudos de los FEF en el crecimiento, y iii) la habilidad para recolonizar hojas sanas del hospedante mediante ensayos de hojas sueltas. Tres cepas de Lasiodiplodia theobromae fueron las más promisorias: Ec098, Ec151 and Ec157. Estas cepas inhibieron el crecimiento de MR y MP, tanto en el enfrentamiento de las colonias como mediante sus metabolitos y, adicionalmente, recolonizaron el hospedante entre el 80-100 % de las veces. Otras cepas mostraron valores destacados en un indicador, y no deseables en otros. Por ejemplo, la Ec035 (L. theobromae) mostró los niveles más altos de micoparasitismo contra ambos patógenos en la interacción de las colonias, y el segundo mejor por sus metabolitos, pero no pudo reinfectar el hospedante. La cepa Ec059 (Xylaria feejeensis) reinfectó 100 %, pero no mostró los atributos deseados de antagonismo. Por su parte, los metabolitos de Ec107 (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides s.l.) inhibieron a MR en un 60 %, pero también estimularon el crecimiento de MP. Ninguna cepa logró todas las características deseables para un agente de control biológico.
Growth Pattern of the Tropical Highland Gymnopthalmid Lizard Anadia Bogotensis in Captivity Conditions
Authors: Calderón Marta Lucia , Ramírez Angelica Maria , Jerez Martínez Adriana Rocio
Published: August 2018

Estimamos el patrón y tasa de crecimiento de individuos de Anadia bogotensis bajo condiciones de cautiverio y climáticas similares a las que experimentan los individuos en poblaciones silvestres. Obtuvimos huevos de nidos comunales de esta especie provenientes de una localidad del municipio de La Calera, Cundinamarca, los cuales fueron incubados en terrarios a la intemperie; después de la eclosión seguimos el crecimiento de los individuos hasta su muerte. El patrón de crecimiento se ajusta a un modelo logístico; esto indica que los individuos crecen moderadamente al inicio y luego la tasa incrementa. La tasa de crecimiento aumenta aún después que los individuos alcanzan la madurez sexual, y parece decrecer cerca de su máximo tamaño corporal.  La especie crece rápido, madura al alcanzar el 50 % de su tamaño máximo y vive menos de dos años. Esta estrategia podría ser consecuencia de fuertes presiones de depredación, una hipótesis que debe evaluarse en condiciones naturales.
Construction of the Design Matrix for Generalized Linear Mixed-Effects Models in the Context of Clinical Trials of Treatment Sequences
Authors: Diaz Francisco J.
Published: August 2018

The problem of constructing a design matrix of full rank for generalized linear mixed-effects models (GLMMs) has not been addressed in statistical literature in the context of clinical trials of treatment sequences. Solving this problem is important because the most popular estimation methods for GLMMs assume a design matrix of full rank, and GLMMs are useful tools in statistical practice. We propose new developments in GLMMs that address this problem. We present a new model for the design and analysis of clinical trials of treatment sequences, which utilizes some special sequences called skip sequences. We present a theorem showing that estimators computed through quasi-likelihood, maximum likelihood or generalized least squares, or through robust approaches, exist only if appropriate skip sequences are used. We prove theorems that establish methods for implementing skip sequences in practice. In particular, one of these theorems computes the necessary skip sequences explicitly. Our new approach allows building design matrices of full rank and facilitates the implementation of regression models in the experimental design and data analysis of clinical trials of treatment sequences. We also explain why the standard approach to constructing dummy variables is inappropriate in studies of treatment sequences. The methods are illustrated with a data analysis of the STAR*D study of sequences of treatments for depression.
Using an Anchor to Improve Linear Predictions with Application to Predicting Disease Progression
Authors: Karanevich Alex G. , He Jianghua , Gajewski Byron
Published: August 2018

Linear models are some of the most straightforward and commonly used modelling approaches. Consider modelling approximately monotonic response data arising from a time-related process. If one has knowledge as to when the process began or ended, then one may be able to leverage additionalassumed data to reduce prediction error. This assumed data, referred to as the anchor, is treated as an additional data-point generated at either the beginning or end of the process. The response value of the anchor is equal to an intelligently selected value of the response (such as the upper bound, lower bound, or 99th percentile of the response, as appropriate). The anchor reduces the variance of prediction at the cost of a possible increase in prediction bias, resulting in a potentially reduced overall mean-square prediction error. This can be extremely eective when few individual data-points are available, allowing one to make linear predictions using as little as a single observed data-point. We develop the mathematics showing the conditions under which an anchor can improve predictions, and also demonstrate using this approach to reduce prediction error when modelling the disease progression of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
“¡Yo también puteo!”. Realidades del trabajo sexual masculino en Bogotá D. C.
Authors: Barrera Castellanos Johan Arturo , Fúquene Salas Jeny Paola
Published: August 2018

El presente artículo desarrolla una reflexión acerca del fenómeno del trabajo sexual masculino y sus vertientes en Bogotá. A partir de un ejercicio investigativo cualitativo, enmarcado bajo los planteamientos del construccionismo social, se busca mostrar las diversas dinámicas de este fenómeno social, según las voces de los actores que ejercen esta actividad económica. Las intervenciones estatales y de organizaciones de la sociedad civil se basan en preconceptos que poco atañen a la realidad de esta población; se feminiza la asistencia, reflejando escaso conocimiento de los incentivos y de los riesgos que rodean a la prostitución masculina.
Voces como imágenes: ciudadanías en el límite, fotografía y agencia cultural en Altos de Cazucá
Authors: Rey Erika Tatiana
Published: August 2018

Este libro está basado en la tesis laureada, de la Maestría en Estudios Culturales, titulada Agentes fotográficos: la fotografía participativa en la construcción de ciudadanías, por parte de niñas, niños y jóvenes en Altos de Cazucá, Soacha. Edwin Cubillos, trabajador social, expone en este texto el resultado de sus análisis, desde sus múltiples roles como voluntario, facilitador, investigador, docente, fotógrafo, gestor y compañero en el proyecto de fotografía participativa Disparando cámaras en Cazucá -en adelante, DCC-.Este trabajo, cuyo proceso metodológico estuvo inspirado en la investigación acción participativa (IAP), contribuye a pensar la relación existente entre el arte, la comunicación y la política, para la construcción de procesos de agencia cultural y ciudadanía, en lo que el autor denomina contextos de liminalidad. La fotografía participativa como práctica, permitió a los niños, niñas y jóvenes participantes del proyecto dcc, en medio del contexto de exclusión, marginalización y violencia en el que habitan, convertirse en agentes culturales locales y aportar a la reconstrucción del tejido social en su territorio.En el primer capítulo del libro, "Crisis, liminalidad y periferia en Altos de Cazucá", Cubillos presenta el contexto geográfico, social y económico en el que se sitúa Altos de Cazucá. Dicho sector está ubicado en la comuna cuatro de Soacha y se caracteriza por su alta vulnerabilidad, el abandono estatal, la exclusión social y la violencia sistemática. Los barrios irregulares que lo conforman, fueron constituidos principalmente por medio de la urbanización ilegal, teniendo dificultades para el acceso al agua potable y el saneamiento básico.
Competitiveness of the respective districts of the Małopolska province in the social, economic, and environmental dimension
Authors: Gorzelany Julia , Prus Barbara , Salata Tomasz
Published: August 2018

The aim of the article was to present and examine the level of competitiveness of the districts
(poviats) of Małopolska province, and compare them with each other in this respect. The analysis
included three dimensions: social, economic, and environmental. This subdivision results from
the direction of implementing the principles of sustainable development. In each dimension,
typical variables have been selected, which facilitated the determination of respective competi-
tive positions of each district. The study was based on a multivariate space of variables, using one
of the methods of taxonomic classification – Ward’s agglomeration, and combinatorial operative
method of enabling separation of homogeneous clusters in respect to the studied phenomenon.
In order to determine similarities between individual units (districts called poviats, or counties),
matrix of Euclidean distances was used. Analyses have shown that towns with district rights tend
to enjoy high competitive positions, as well as those districts located in the southern part of the
Małopolska province.
Method for creating digital orthophotomaps of increased informational value
Authors: Dorozhynskyy Oleksandr , Kolb Ihor
Published: August 2018

The paper discusses how to apply the information on the density of three-dimensional point
cloud, obtained as a result of computer stereo reconstruction of an area, based on aerial images.
Images of high objects – particularly walls, treetops, bushes, etc. – in a particular area are used to
create a point density map by means of GIS instruments. The information enables redistribution
of the weight of cloud points in order to intensify or reduce their impact on the digital model
of an area, or orthophotomap. The proposed method has been used to create orthophotomaps
based on aerial images obtained from UAS.
Social Representations of health care professionals on Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
Authors: Suto Cleuma Sueli Santos , Oliveira Jeane Freitas de , Paiva Mirian Santos
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To apprehend social representation of health care professionals on HIV/AIDS and to compare it with a subgroup of physicians. Method: Qualitative research based on the Theory of Social Representations. Free associations for the term HIV/AIDS were collected from 73 workers of public services specialized in HIV/AIDS, in Salvador-Bahia. The results were analyzed in the EVOC software. Results: For all health professionals, HIV/AIDS is associated with “prejudice, care, disease and prevention”, and for the subgroup of physicians it is associated with the term “prevention”. Health professionals represented HIV/AIDS similarly to society in general and, due to their normative character, prescribed attitudes typical of health care professionals. Final considerations: The findings show that, despite the advances in the health area regarding the treatment of AIDS, prejudice still persists. It is important to strengthen interdisciplinary actions focused on discussions on this theme during training, favoring the comprehensiveness of the assistance.
Antihypertensive treatment adherence in workers of a General Hospital
Authors: Feriato Kátia Tizato , Gusmão Josiane Lima de , Silva Arlete , Santos Cecília Angelita dos , Pereira Renan Sallazar Ferrera , Amendola Fernanda
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: to assess antihypertensive treatment adherence and associated factors in workers from a hospital. Method: cross-sectional research, consisting of 108 workers who self-reported as being hypertensive. Associations between sociodemographic, work and health variables were assessed regarding adherence. Results: the mean age was 44.2 years, with predominance of the female sex and workers from the nursing area. Through blood pressure measurement, 25% of participants were classified as non-controlled hypertensive patients. Approximately 88% reported taking some sort of medication; however, 79.6% did not adhere to the antihypertensive treatment. In the multiple regression analysis, the independent factors for non-adherence were hypercholesterolemia (OR=8.10; p=0.024) and missing medical appointments (OR=4.06; p=0.048). Conclusion: we verified a significant percentage of non-adherence. Since hypertension and cholesterol are asymptomatic diseases that require continuous treatment, hypertensive patients have difficulties to understand the importance of adhering to the treatment, even being health professionals or working in hospitals.
Equipment failure: conducts of nurses and implications for patient safety
Authors: Ribeiro Gabriella da Silva Rangel , Silva Rafael Celestino da , Ferreira Márcia de Assunção , Silva Grazielle Rezende da , Campos Juliana Faria , Andrade Bianca Ribeiro Porto de
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT Objectives: To identify equipment failures during handling by nurses and analyze the conduct of the professionals when these failures occur. Methods: Descriptive, exploratory and qualitative study, whose field was the intensive care unit of a public institution, and the participants were day nurses that worked providing direct care to patients. Data were produced in 2014 through systematic observation and interviews and were examined with thick description and content analysis. Results: The outcomes evinced the inadequate functioning of infusion bombs, users' errors related to the design of equipment and problems with batteries of artificial fans. These failures related to the management of equipment in the unit. Final considerations: It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring systems of safety conditions of equipment in intensive nursing care to prevent incidents.
Construction of assistive technology as online course for the blind about hypertension
Authors: Carvalho Luciana Vieira de , Carvalho Aline Tomaz de , Áfio Aline Cruz Esmeraldo , Silva Andréa Soares Rocha da , Silva Máguida Gomes da , Pagliuca Lorita Marlena Freitag
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: to develop affordable education course for the blind on the prevention of hypertension. Method: we used the Model of Development of Digital Educational Materials composed by the stages of analysis and planning; modeling; implementation; evaluation and maintenance; distribution. Results: we obtained fifteen pages divided into six learning units. The study followed the accessibility standards of national and international documents. Evaluation and maintenance phase occurred during preparation of the course. Final considerations: to elaborate a course as assistive technology for the visually-impaired is a feasible task, provides knowledge about hypertension prevention and equality of access to digital educational materials.
The process of dying/death: intervening conditions to the nursing care management
Authors: Prado Roberta Teixeira , Leite Josete Luzia , Silva Ítalo Rodolfo , Silva Laura Johanson da , Castro Edna Aparecida Barbosa de
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To exhibit the factors that influence the Nursing care management in the face of death and the process of dying/death of hospitalized adults in the medical-surgical units for hospitalization. Method: The Grounded Theory was applied with the theorical support of the Complex Thinking Theory. Data have been collected through semi-structured interviews from May, 2015 to January, 2016 with three sample groups totaling 41 participants: nurses, assistant nurses and members of multidisciplinary group. Data analysis followed the steps of open coding, axial coding and selective coding. Results: The category “Pointing out the interfaces of care management to patients in process of death/dying and their families” and its respective subcategories show the complex interactions established by the nurse due to the Nursing care management. Final considerations: Subjective, educational, sociocultural and institutional conditions influence the nurse interactions, causing order/disorder on care management.
Brazilian Unified Health System and democracy: nursing in the context of crisis
Authors: Araújo Janieiry Lima de , Freitas Rodrigo Jácob Moreira de , Guedes Maria Vilani Cavalcanti , Freitas Maria Célia de , Monteiro Ana Ruth Macedo , Silva Lucilane Maria Sales da
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: to discuss, taking for reference the crisis in Brazil and its impact on public health policies, the insertion of Brazilian nursing in that context and its ways of practicing the profession, based on the study about the politicality of care. Method: the reflection is divided into two topics, the first is about public policies, the Brazilian Unified Health System and the deconstruction of the right to health with neoliberal offensive; and the second is about the nursing political action in the fight for the right to health and for democracy. Final considerations: we emphasize that nursing must assume its sociopolitical role to contribute to the construction of a better and fairer Brazil, saying no to neoliberal reforms, as well as fighting for rights already acquired and for the resumption of the democratic stability in the country.
Perception of cancer patients in palliative care about quality of life
Authors: Meneguin Silmara , Matos Ticiane Dionísio de Sousa , Ferreira Maria de Lourdes da Silva Marques
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the perception of cancer patients in palliative care about quality of life and identify propositions for its improvement. Method: This is a quantitative research carried out with 96 patients in palliative care, admitted in a public hospital from March 2015 to February 2015. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed by the methodology Discourse of the Collective Subject. Results: Quality of life was tied to meanings of health, well-being, happiness and spirituality; however, family and financial problems also had an impact on the perception of the construct. Interventions aimed at the relief of suffering, possibility of return to work and resolution of problems had suggestions for improvement. Conclusion: The results indicate that the concept of quality of life is subjective, tied to personal values and influenced by the repercussions of the health-disease process. In addition, they can guide actions based on interdisciplinary assistance aimed at the real needs of these patients.
Project HOPE: American nurses in Brazil (1973)
Authors: Costa Laís de Miranda Crispim , Santos Tânia Cristina Franco , Ferreira Luiz Otávio , Almeida Filho Antônio José de , Santos Regina Maria dos , Alcántara Elaine Lázaro
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the reality of nurses of Project HOPE and discuss the repercussion of their performance in relation to the reconfiguration of nursing in Alagoas State. Method: social-historical study, whose primary sources were documents filed in the Laboratory of Documentation and Research in History of Nursing, granted by this project; oral testimonies resulting from the transcription of interviews of US nurses and the VeNeta Masson's'logbook, coordinator nurse of the ship. The discussion of the data was based on Pierre Bourdieu's theory. The project was submitted to the Ethics Committee and approved by it. Results: The actions of the American nurses exposed the shortage of this type of professional in the area, as well as the precarious health conditions in the region. Conclusion: the symbolic capital of these nurses has contributed to the reconfiguration of the nursing field in Alagoas State.
Cardiovascular risk stratification among hypertensive patients: the influence of risk factors
Authors: Mendez Roberto Della Rosa , Santos Mariana Alvina dos , Wysocki Anneliese Domingues , Ribeiro Beatriz D'Alkmin Beltran , Stauffer Luciana Ferreira , Duarte Sebastião Junior Henrique
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: to assess the cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients and the influence of risk factors on the stratification scores. Methods: this is a cross-sectional study with hypertensive patients undergoing outpatient follow-up from November 2014 to February 2015. The Global Risk Score was used to assess cardiovascular risk. To assess the influence of the risk factors with the stratification of the cardiovascular risk score, the main components analysis was used. Results: 57 patients participated in the study, and the majority (93.1%) was considered to be at high cardiovascular risk; the analysis of the main components identified five components that explain 85.2% of the total variation. Conclusion: the cardiovascular risk assessment demonstrated the importance of the identification of risk factors and, consequently, the need to implement actions aimed at controlling these factors, which constitutes a challenge in the adequate management of arterial hypertension.
Plant growth, yield and fruit quality of ‘Piemonte’ tangor grafted onto 14 rootstocks on the northern coast of the state of Bahia, Brazil
Authors: França Natiana de Oliveira , Girardi Eduardo Augusto , Amorim Maurício da Silva , Gesteira Abelmon da Silva , Passos Orlando Sampaio , Soares Filho Walter dos Santos
Published: August 2018

Abstract In the state of Bahia, Brazil, citrus production is mainly on the Northern Coast region, with major cultivation of ‘Pera’ sweet orange grafted onto ‘Rangpur’ lime. The production of mandarins and mandarin-like fruits is very low in spite of the increasing regional consumption. Varieties that are adapted to tropical sub humid conditions should be evaluated on different rootstocks for cultivation recommendation. This study assessed the performance of ‘Piemonte’ tangor over 14 rootstocks in Rio Real, BA. Planting was performed in 2006 on a cohesive yellow argisol, at 6.0 m x 4.0 m spacing and with no irrigation. Plant growth, production, and physicochemical attributes of fruits in 2010-2014 were assessed, in addition to tree survival and drought tolerance based on leafroll. At nine years of age, rootstocks that induced greater cumulative production of ‘Piemonte’ were ‘Riverside’ and ‘Indio’ citrandarins, ‘Santa Cruz Rangpur’ lime, and ‘Cleopatra’, ‘Sunki Tropical’ and ‘Sunki Maravilha’ mandarins. Although four hybrid rootstocks were semidwarfing, their mean efficiency was equivalent to the other rootstocks (˜ 5.5 kg m-3), resulting in the lowest production. Drought tolerance and tree survival were similar among rootstocks with minimal loss, except for TSKFL x CTSW - 049 hybrid with only 33.33% of survival. ‘Piemonte’ tangor produced fruits with general good quality under the evaluated conditions, but only peel thickness and technological index (TI) were influenced by rootstocks, with the lowest TI averages recorded for fruits harvested from scions grafted onto TSKC x (LCR x TR) - 001 and ‘Volkamer’ lemon.
Influence of mother nutrition during pregnancy and/or lactation on offspring food preference in experimental models
Authors: Santos L. S. , Cordeiro G. S. , Perez G. S. , Santo D. A. E. , Macêdo A. P. A. , Lima M. S. , Carneiro I. B. C. , Machado M. E. P. C. , Deiró T. C.B. J. , Barreto-Medeiros J. M.
Published: August 2018

Abstract Introduction Understanding associations between food preferences and maternal nutrition during pregnancy and lactation could inform efforts to understanding the obesity mechanisms and provide insight to prevent it. Objective: To identify studies that investigated the effects of nutritional interventions during the pregnancy and lactation on the food preferences of offspring. Method: The review was conducted with search for articles in the databases: Scopus, Pubmed, Medline, LILACS, Scielo and Science Direct. Exclusion criteria were used: reviews, human studies, studies with drugs or other substances not related to food. Results: At the end of the search in the databases, 176 references were found. After use the exclusion criteria, reading the titles, abstracts and full articles, were selected 11 articles to compose the review. Conclusion: The selected studies suggested that unbalanced nutrition in early life alters the food preference and neural components related to the consumption of fatty and sugary foods in offspring rodents.
Inventory of ferns and lycophytes within forest fragments of Araucaria in southern Brazil
Authors: Mallmann Ivanete Teresinha , Silva Vinícius Leão da , Schmitt Jairo Lizandro
Published: August 2018

Abstract: The Araucaria Forest is a unique plant formation, practically restricted to the Atlantic Forest biome, in the South and Southeast of Brazil. It is immensely fragmented and its area is reduced to a minimum fraction, from 13 to 2% of the original area, due to intense anthropic exploitation. Our study evaluated the richness and floristic composition of ferns and lycophytes within three Araucaria forest fragments, in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. For the floristic inventory, a parcel of 1 ha (100x100m) was demarcated inside three fragments, which were classified by size: large (246 ha - H1LF), medium (57 ha - H2MF) and small (5.2 ha - H3SF). Occurring species life forms and preferential substrates up to 4 meters above ground were recorded. In total, 55 species were catalogued, only two of which were lycophytes, distributed in 32 genera and 17 families. Considering the area of fragments, the recorded species richness has decreased, presenting greater numbers in H1LF (48), followed by H2MF (33), and H3SF (29). In the three sites, terrestrial substrate and the hemicryptophyte species life form predominated. We observed that one hectare of a larger forest fragment presented 65% more species than that of a smaller one, considering that the smaller fragment total area represents only 2% of the larger forest's area. On the other hand, one hectare of the smaller fragment contributed 17% to fern and lycophyte species conservation occurring in Brazilian Araucaria Forests, and 8% to the state of Rio Grande do Sul's total richness. The diverse heterogeneity and species composition grants floristic identity to each of the studied forest interiors. Our results highlight the need to include the botanical parameters here analyzed in management, conservation degree evaluation, and maintenance of Araucaria Forests plant biodiversity.
Bats of the Serra da Bocaina National Park, southeastern Brazil: an updated species list and a distribution extension for Trinycteris nicefori (Sanborn, 1949)
Authors: Delciellos Ana Cláudia , Motta Adarene , Dias Daniela , Almeida Brunna , Rocha-Barbosa Oscar
Published: August 2018

Abstract: The Serra da Bocaina National Park (SBNP) is a large remnant of Atlantic Forest located within an endangered biodiversity hotspot, which contributes to the connectivity among protected areas in the region. Despite the ecological importance of the SBNP, its bat fauna is poorly-known, and no comprehensive inventory is available. The present study provides an updated list of the bat species found in the SBNP. The four-year study was based on a capture-mark-recapture approach at four sites within the park, in the municipality of Paraty, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. A total of 22 bat species were recorded, representing two families, Phyllostomidae (n = 19 species) and Vespertillionidae (n = 3). This added 14 species to the known bat fauna of the SBNP, which is hereby updated to 24 species, including Dermanura cinerea Gervais, 1856, Platyrrhinus recifinus (Thomas, 1901), and Myotis ruber (É. Geoffroy, 1806), which are listed as endangered in Rio de Janeiro state. The specimen of Trinycteris nicefori (Sanborn, 1949) captured in the present study is the first record of the occurrence of this species in Rio de Janeiro state. This record extends the geographic range of the species by approximately 650 km to the southeast. Additional inventories, in particular at poorly-studied Atlantic Forest sites, combined with environmental suitability analyses, and taxonomic and biogeographic data, are urgently required to elucidate the distribution of many Brazilian bat species, such as T. nicefori.
Infecção das brânquias de tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) por Myxosporea
Authors: Teixeira Ricardo José , Eiras Jorge C. , Spadacci-Morena Diva D. , Xavier José Guilherme , Lallo Maria Anete
Published: August 2018

RESUMO: Neste estudo, 85 tilápias do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus, 1758) foram coletadas em um lago de pesca recreativa (n = 35) e no lago do parque do Ibirapuera (n = 50), ambos localizados na cidade de São Paulo. Após a eutanásia, as brânquias dos peixes foram examinadas a fresco e por técnicas histológicas para identificar mixosporídeos. Foram observados mixosporídeos somente nos peixes capturados no lago de pesca recreativa com prevalência de 45,7% (16/35). Os esporos de Henneguya sp. foram encontrados em esfregaços a fresco (11,4%, 4/35). A prevalência de Myxobolus sp. foi de 34,3% (12/35), sendo os plasmódios deste gênero identificados de acordo com a localização nas brânquias, no epitélio (75%, 9/12), nos vasos sanguíneos (16,2%, 2/12), e na musculatura branquial (0,8%, 1/12). A presença de mixosporídeos estava relacionada com hiperplasia epitelial, fusão das lamelas, hiperplasia de células mucosas, reação inflamatória e outras alterações patológicas. Assim conclui-se que as prevalências de Myxobolus sp. e Henneguya sp. nas brânquias de O. niloticus foram altas e estavam associadas à lesões histopatológicas significantes, o que evidencia a importância desses cnidários patogênicos para as culturas peixes.
One-step laparoscopic abomasopexy versus abomasopexy via right paralumbar fossa to treat left abomasal displacement in dairy cows
Authors: Perotta João H. , Dyck Hugo R. , Ollhoff Rüdiger D. , Lisbôa Júlio A.N. , Vieira Nilton , Barros Filho Ivan R.
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to compare the clinical and metabolic results obtained by use of one-step laparoscopic abomasopexy and right paralumbar fossa abomasopexy for the treatment of left displaced abomasum in dairy cows. Thirty Holstein-Friesian dairy cows were randomly placed in two groups: G1, with 15 animals treated by one-step laparoscopic abomasopexy; and G2, with 15 animals treated by right paralumbar fossa ventral abomasopexy. Concentrations of sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, base excess (BE), pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) strong ion difference (SID), anion gap (AG), glucose, β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) were measured before (M0) and 24 (M1), 48 (M2) and 72 (M3) hours following surgery. Laparotomy was statistically faster than laparoscopy. Hypochloremia was observed only in G2 at M0. Hypokalemia and hypocalcemia were observed in both groups at M0, increasing after surgery. Metabolic alkalosis in both groups before surgery was characterized by high bicarbonate, pCO2, and BE, which decreased in subsequent time points, as well as blood pH. Glucose was statistically increased and NEFA and BHBA were statistically decreased in G2 compared to G1. In G1, NEFA and BHBA decreased significantly following surgery. Both surgical techniques restored abomasal flow and feed intake in both groups. Based in acid-base status, one-step laparoscopy showed no additional advantage in comparison with abomasopexy via right paralumbar fossa.
Epidemiologia de micoses, pitiose e micotoxicoses em equinos no sudeste do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Reis-Gomes Angelita , Marcolongo-Pereira Clairton , Sallis Eliza Simone V. , Bruhn Fábio R.P. , Faria Renata O. , Schild Ana Lucia , Meireles Mario C.A.
Published: August 2018

RESUMO: Descrevem-se os aspectos epidemiológicos das doenças causadas por fungos e oomicetos na população de equinos na região sudeste do Rio Grande do Sul, estabelecendo as taxas epidemiológicas, suas causas e sua importância sanitária na região. Foi realizada a epidemiologia descritiva por meio do cálculo da incidência das doenças encontradas ao longo dos anos e verificada a existência de associação entre a ocorrência dessas enfermidades e o sexo, a raça e a estação do ano. Entre os anos de 1978 e 2014 a pitiose teve prevalência de 49,71% (86/173), as micotoxicoses 30,05% (52/173), sendo 45 casos de leucoencefalomalácia e sete de ergotismo. As micoses tiveram prevalência de 19,65% (34/173), sendo as dermatofitoses as mais prevalentes com 58,82% (20/34) dos casos. As espécies de dermatófitos mais frequentemente isoladas foram Trichophyton mentagrophytes 60% (12/20), Trichophyton equinum 25% (5/20) e Microsporum gypseum, Microsporum canis e Trichophyton verrucosum ambos responsáveis por 5% (1/20) das infecções. Rinosporidiose foi diagnosticada em 35,29% (12/34) dos casos. Micoses uterinas causadas por Candida albicans e Cryptococcus laurentii foram observadas em 5,88% (2/34) dos casos. Alergia por Cladosporium sp. teve um registro. De acordo com as incidências calculadas entre 1990 e 2014 a pitiose teve incidência mediana (IM) 2,98 e distância interquartil (DI) =3,82, as fêmeas tiveram chance 4,18 vezes maiores de desenvolver a doença, a enfermidade ocorre independente das estações climáticas. A leucoencefalomalácia teve IM=0,0; DI 1,00 e equinos machos tiveram 3,4 vezes mais chance de desenvolver a doença que fêmeas, no inverno a possibilidade de ocorrência dessa enfermidade foi seis vezes maior. O ergotismo teve IM = 0,00; DI = 0,000, rinosporidiose IM=0,00; DI=0,088 e dermatofitose IM=0,00; DI=0,935. A pitiose foi mais prevalente entre as doenças encontradas, podendo ser considerada endêmica na região. Considera-se que a magnitude das doenças possa ser ainda maior dentro do rebanho equino, uma vez que as doenças descritas não são de notificação obrigatória e algumas são bem conhecidas por veterinários e proprietários, que muitas vezes não fazem a confirmação laboratorial do diagnóstico.
Molecular and serological detection of Leishmania spp. in horses from an endemic area for canine visceral leishmaniasis in southeastern Brazil
Authors: Benassi Julia C. , Benvenga Graziella U. , Ferreira Helena L. , Soares Rodrigo M. , Silva Diogo T. , Pereira Vanessa F. , Ruiz Vera Letticie A. , Oliveira Trícia Maria F. de S.
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to verify the occurrence of Leishmania spp. and Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum in horses from a visceral leishmaniasis endemic area in Brazil. DNA samples from blood and conjunctival swab (CS) were tested by PCR and Indirect Immunofluorescence Antibody Test (IFAT). Although none of the horses was clinically sick, animals infected by Leishmania spp. were found and some could be characterized as infected by L. (L.) infantum. From 40 horses, 100% of the animals were positive by blood PCR, 90% (36/40) by CS PCR, and 2.5% (01/40) in serodiagnosis, by IFAT. Six from these 40 horses were L. (L.) infantum positive by blood PCR. Direct sequencing and analysis of amplicons resulted in a sequence to evolutionary analysis. Results indicate the presence of Leishmania spp. and L. (L.) infantum infecting healthy horses in Brazil. The presence of Leishmania spp. and L. (L.) infantum DNA in asymptomatic horses suggests that they can be important reservoirs of these parasites, a highly relevant finding for the epidemiological surveillance of the diseases they cause.
Vitality evaluation methods for newborn puppies after cesarean section performed under general inhalation anestesia
Authors: Oliva Valéria N.L.S. , Queiroz Maria Carolina V.G. , Albuquerque Verônica B. , Carreira Janaína T. , Souza Talita F.B. , Ferreira Gabriel T.N.M. , Abimussi Caio J.X. , Vides Juliana P.
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to demonstrate and to correlate possible methods for neonatal assessment in dogs born by elective cesarean surgery using inhalation anesthesia, enhancing its advantages and disadvantages as well as proposing lactate measurement as an adjunctive method of evaluation. After elective cesarean surgery of four bitches subjected to morphine premedication followed by propofol induction and sevoflurane anesthesia, 30 neonates were evaluated through blood sampling from the umbilical cord for lactate measurement and blood gas analyses, as well as neurological and cardiorespiratory assessment at birth and at 10 minutes of age. The neonates presented respiratory acidosis and acidemia at birth related to blood lactate values (4.98±1.39mmol/L). Neurological and cardiorespiratory depressions were present at birth with recovery at 10 minutes and no complications were observed during the first 30 days of life. The methods for neonatal assessment used in this study are safe when appropriately interpreted and the effects of general anesthesia on neonates were transient. Blood lactate obtained from the umbilical cord can be an option for the evaluation of these patients.
Ocorrência e fatores de risco associados à infecção por lentivírus de pequenos ruminantes no Estado de Sergipe
Authors: Rizzo Huber , Jesus Taile K.S. , Castro Roberto S. , Pinheiro Júnior José W. , Soares Lucas L.S. , Oliveira Carla C.M. , Nascimento Sérgio A. , Silva Tatiane R.
Published: August 2018

RESUMO: Os lentiviros de pequenos ruminantes (LVPR) são responsáveis por enfermidades infecciosas e multissistêmicas causadas pelo Vírus da Artrite Encefalite Caprina (CAEV) e o Vírus da Maedi-Visna (MVV), e se apresentam sob as formas clínicas: articular, mamária, respiratória e nervosa. Desta forma esse trabalho objetivou determinar a ocorrência e avaliar os fatores de risco associados à infecção por LVPR no Estado de Sergipe, Brasil. Foram coletadas amostras sanguíneas de 1200 ovinos e 675 caprinos oriundos respectivamente de 60 e 41 propriedades localizadas em 25 municípios sergipanos no período de 2011 a 2014. Os diagnósticos dos LVPR foram determinados pela técnica sorológica de Imunodifusão em Gel Ágar (IDGA) usando o kit comercial da marca Biovetech®. Os dados das variáveis associadas aos fatores de risco foram obtidos a partir de questionários aplicados aos proprietários dos rebanhos e analisados estatisticamente. As frequências absolutas e relativas foram determinadas por análise estatística descritiva e os fatores de risco por análise univariada das variáveis de interesse pelo Teste de Qui-quadrado de Pearson e Exato de Fisher, quando necessário, e em seguida submetidos à análise de regressão logística. Foi evidenciada uma soropositividade de 5,03% (34/675) em caprinos e 1,50% em ovinos com 26,82% (11/41) e 28,33% (17/60) das propriedades apresentando ao menos um animal positivo respectivamente. Na análise dos fatores de risco, não foram observadas diferenças significantes para os ovinos, enquanto que, para os caprinos, rebanhos acima de 100 animais, que pastejam em áreas comuns com outros rebanhos, em uma distância ≤500 metros entre as propriedades, que adotam medidas biotecnológicas da reprodução e não utilizam agulhas estéreis, são mais susceptíveis à infecção por LVPR. Sendo assim, conclui-se que, há a presença dos LVPR em rebanhos sergipanos, e mesmo que em baixas frequências faz-se necessário a implementação de medidas profiláticas devido a possibilidade de expansão e desenvolvimento da caprinocultura do estado, e o alto padrão genético da raça Santa Inês.
Deficiência de fósforo em caprinos no semiárido de Pernambuco
Authors: Barbosa Fernanda P.S. , Almeida Valdir M. , Albuquerque Raquel F. , Rocha Brena P. , Soares Pierre C. , Silva Filho Givaldo B. , Chaves Hisadora A. , Mendonça Fábio S.
Published: August 2018

RESUMO: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os aspectos clínicos e patológicos da deficiência de fósforo em caprinos no semiárido de Pernambuco. Para isso, visitas técnicas foram realizadas em diferentes propriedades na microrregião do Sertão do Moxotó durante o período da estação seca. Realizaram-se exames clínicos, determinação da atividade sérica de cálcio total e ionizado, fosforo sérico, magnésio, razão Ca:P, proteína total, albumina, globulina e o percentual de cinzas ósseas. Biopsias ósseas da região hipocondríaca da 12 costela direita foram fixadas em solução de formalina a 10% e descalcificadas para análises histológicas. Os principais sinais clínicos observados nos caprinos com deficiência de fósforo foram aumento da fragilidade óssea além de desidratação, magreza, hipomotilidade ruminal, alopecia, pelos opacos, quebradiços e eriçados e osteofagia. As médias dos valores das cinzas ósseas e do teor de fósforo nos ossos estavam abaixo dos valores de referência e a correlação entre essas duas variáveis foi fortemente positiva (r=0,91); a redução da concentração do fósforo sérico foi acompanhada da redução da porcentagem desse mineral nas cinzas. Esse resultado é conclusivo para o diagnóstico de deficiência de fósforo. No exame microscópico dos fragmentos ósseos das costelas, verificou-se evidente aumento da atividade osteoclástica com áreas de reabsorção óssea e maior quantidade de tecido osteóide e de fibras colágenas na matriz óssea. Conclui-se que a deficiência de fósforo é uma doença frequente em caprinos criados em regime semi-extensivo no semiárido de Pernambuco e que a suplementação desse mineral é necessária na região estudada.
Atividade acaricida de diferentes solventes sobre fêmeas ingurgitadas e larvas de Rhipicephalus microplus
Authors: Vasconcellos Jaíne S.P. , Fernandes Fagner , Cadore Gustavo C. , Ratzlaff Fabiana R. , Felipetto Laís G. , Vogel Fernanda S.F. , Botton Sônia Á. , Sangioni Luís A.
Published: August 2018

RESUMO: Os carrapatos causam perdas econômicas à indústria pecuária no Brasil. Dessa forma, o uso de fitoterápicos como acaricidas mostrou eficácia no controle desses parasitas. Neste estudo, foi avaliada a eficácia in vitro dos seguintes fármacos: dimetil sulfóxido (DMSO), etanol, metanol, propilenoglicol e monolaurato de sorbitan polietilenoglicol em diluições de 100%, 20%, 10%, 5%, 1% e 0,5%. O efeito tóxico destes solventes em fêmeas e larvas ingurgitadas de Rhipicephalus microplus foi analisado. O teste de biocarrapaticidograma, foi utilizado para definir a eficiência reprodutiva das teleóginas de R. microplus e a eficiência dos produtos testados. Para análise da susceptibilidade das larvas foi utilizado o teste por imersão de larvas em seringa modificado. O uso de propilenoglicol e DMSO em fêmeas ingurgitadas e o uso de DMSO, etanol, metanol e propilenoglicol em larvas, todos à concentração de 0,5%, apresentaram uma menor taxa de mortalidade, podendo ter seu uso indicado em baixas concentrações como solventes de acaricidas utilizados no controle do R. microplus.