bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN METODE KARYA WISATA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN TEMATIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR IPA SISWA KELAS III SD NEGERI 14 CAKRANEGARA
Authors: Hamidi Muhamad
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi karena rendahnya prestasi belajar siswa Kelas III. SD Negeri 14 Cakranegara pada Semester I Tahun Pelajaran 2021/2022 yang disebabkan oleh sulitnya siswa memahami materi yang ada pada mata pelajaran IPA. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan  prestasi belajar IPA pada siswa Kelas III. SD Negeri 14 Cakranegara pada Semester I Tahun Pelajaran 2021/2022. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes prestasi belajar yang dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil tes kemampuan awal siswa menunjukkan nilai rata-rata kelas baru mencapai 57,60 dengan presentase ketuntasan belajar sebesar 28%. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan prestasi belajar IPA siswa masih rendah. Setelah diterapkannya metode karya wisata dalam pembelajaran tematik, nilai siswa pada siklus I mencapai 59,20 dengan presentase ketuntasan beajar sebesar 36%. Sedangkan nilai rata-rata di siklus II meningkat menjadi 82,00 dengan presentase ketuntasan belajar mencapai 96%.Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukan adanya peningkatan setelah menggunakan metode karya wisata dalam pembelajaran tematik dan indikator keberhasilan penelitian di capai pada siklus II. Hasil yang telah diperoleh menunjukan bahwa penggunaan metode karya wisata dalam pembelajaran tematik terbukti dapat meningkat kanprestasi belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPA. Untuk itu disarankan metode karya wisata dalam pembelajaran temetik dapat dipertimbangkan digunakan dalam pembelajaran di kelas.
Sporcu Olmak ya da Olmamak: Bedensel Engelli Bireylerde Olumlu Düşünme ve Stres
Authors: Çil Hasibe , İlter İbrahim , İlhan Ekrem Levent
Published: April 2023

Yaşam boyu sürdürülebilen olumlu düşünme becerileri, bireyleri psikolojik ve sosyal yönden olumlu etkileyerek bireylerin stres düzeylerinin azalmasına yardımcı olur. Bu araştırmada, bedensel engelli bireylerin olumlu düşünme becerileri ile algılanan stres düzeyleri bazı değişkenler açısından incelenmiştir. Araştırmada nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden tarama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın evrenini Ankara ilinde yaşayan bedensel engelli bireyler, örneklem grubunu 186 bedensel engelli birey oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama araçlarından Kişisel Bilgi Formu, “Olumlu Düşünme Becerileri Ölçeği (ODBÖ)” ve “Algılanan Stres Ölçeği’nin (ASÖ)” kullanılmıştır. Veriler, SPSS 23.0 paket programı kullanılarak analize tabi tutulmuştur. Araştırmanın güven aralığı ,05 olarak belirlenirken verilerin normal dağılıma uyduğu tespit edilmiştir. Değişkenlerin analiz edilmesinde parametrik testlerden bağımsız örneklem t-testi kullanılmıştır. Bununla birlikte korelasyon analizi ile basit doğrusal regresyon analizinin kullanılmasıyla analiz kısmı tamamlanmıştır. İstatistiklerden elde edilen bulgularda aktif olarak spor yapan bedensel engelli bireylerin algılanan stres düzeyinin düşük olduğu görülmüştür. Aynı zamanda olumlu düşünme becerilerinin artmasıyla algılanan stres düzeyinin azaldığı elde edilen diğer bulgular arasında yer almaktadır. Sonuç olarak düzenli spor yapmak, bedensel engelli bireylerin algıladıkları stres düzeyini düşüreceğinden olumlu düşünme becerilerinin artacağını söylemek mümkündür.
PENGARUH TAYANGAN TERHADAP MINAT MENONTON FILM SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Hanny Ummi , Carepeboka Ratu Mutialela , Maharani Dwi
Published: April 2023

: The problem in this research is how the influence of Big Movies Global TV on the interest of watching movies as a medium of learning. The purpose of these research is to determine the influence of Big Movies Global TV on the interest of watching movies as a medium of learning.  (a study in Department of Literature Bina Darma University). Samples of this study were 62 students of the Department of Literature Bina Darma University Palembang are watching Big Movies Global TV. The results of this study can be concluded that there are influence of Big Movies Global TV on the interest of watching movies as a medium of learning. It can be seen from the hypothesis testing results obtained thit 3,369 greater than ttable (α60) amounted to 1.671 while when viewed by value probability, then the probability value (sig) of 0.001 is smaller than 0.05, then Ho is rejected and H1 accepted.
KOMUNIKASI JARAK JAUH ANTARA ORANG TUA DAN ANAK (STUDI DESKRIPTIF TENTANG ORANG TUA DENGAN ANAK YANG MERANTAU KE KOTA PALEMBANG)
Authors: Viola Ketrin , Wijayani Isna
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine how long distance communication betweenparents and children. This research method is qualitative with a descriptive approach to interview,observation, documentation, literature study. The theorynused inmthis researchnis the theorybofinterpersonal communication andnthentheory of familynrelationshipnschemes. The subjects of thisstudy consisted of informant 1 Vio Perori and her mother Mrs. Peronika from Air Putih Village,Informant 2 Andilau and her mother Ibu Suci from Kuala Sungai Pasir Village, and informant 3Vivi Arinda and her mother Ibu Kartila from Sungai Pasir Village. Thenresearchnlocation wasconducted in the respective informant's village. Thebresults of this studybshow thatcommunicationnbetween parentsand children can be seen from the intensity of communication,students who have more communication intensity with their parents will be more familiar and viceversa. Supporting factors of the long-distance communication process between parents and childrenare the presence of means or means of communication such as telephones, pulses to communicate,free time, mutual understanding of limitations in communication, an open attitude about eachother's circumstances and the environment that is not noisy. Meanwhile, inhibiting factors such asphysical constraints, economic constraints and time constraints
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI PT.WANGSA PROMOSINDO DALAM MEMPROMOSIKAN BUDAYA KOTA PALEMBANG
Authors: Sukma M. Rauda , Maharani Dwi
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine the communication strategy of the PromosindoWangsa in promoting the culture of Palembang City. This research method is qualitative with adescriptive approach to interviews, observation, documentation, literature study. conducted byinterviewing all informants, and the results of this study indicate that: 1.The marketingcommunication strategy of the Wangsa Promosindo event organizer at the planning stage is jointlydrafting the concept with customers, and always taking a personal approach to customers orprospective customers, 2. The marketing communication strategy for the Wangsa Promosindo eventorganizer at the implementation stage is an action that is often taken by all companies beforecarrying out their duties, such as a rehearsal which aims to reduce errors that can occur, 3 Themarketing communication strategy of Wangsa Promosido event organizer in the last stage, namelyevaluation, is to properly accept all complaints and complaints given by customers, and try tocorrect mistakes that occur during the event. Keywords: communication strategy, customer trust,marketing communication
MAKNA SUAP-SUAPAN DAN CACAP-CACAPAN PADA PERNIKAHAN ADAT DI KOTA PALEMBANG
Authors: Febrianti Syahlia Tri , Wijayani Isna
Published: April 2023

This research is entitled The meaning of bribery and cacap-cacapan in traditionalmarriage in Palembang city. This research discusses the phenomenon of the meaning of bribes andcacapan-cacapan which is carried out at traditional marriages in the city of Palembang. Bribes andcacap-cacapan are the last care of parents and extended families in the form of feeding the brideand groom with roasted chicken turmeric sticky rice and sprinkling setananam flower soaking wateron the bride's head. This research is a descriptive qualitative research. The aim of this research isto describe the meaning of bribes and remarks and what the meaning of each procession is to beundertaken. Based on the results of research on the meaning of bribery and speech, this posessionis a positive thing which contains prayers and hopes from parents, family and closest people.
Study of the Mutagenic Effect of the Betamide Drug
Authors: Petrovskii D. , Gulyaeva E. , Tolstikova T. , Khotskina A. , Zavjalov E.
Published: April 2023

The tested Betamide drug is an amide of betulonic acid, obtained as a result of chemical modification of the triterpenoid betulin isolated from birch bark. The drug has antioxidant, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antimetastatic and antitumor activity. The drug is supposed to be used in the treatment of cancer. Experimental studies were carried out on male and female C57/BL/6 mice free from specific pathogens (SPF). The drug was administered once intragastrically at doses of 2000 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg. It turned out that the maximum dose of 2000 mg/kg in males causes a decrease in the mitotic activity of bone marrow cells. It has been established that the drug in none of the studied doses has the ability to induce mutations in somatic cells. The maximum dose studied produced a small antimutagenic effect. In males, it is expressed in a reduced proportion of cells with multiple aberrations. For females treated with Betamide at a dose of 2000 mg/kg, there was a significant decrease in the total number of cells with disorders compared to the control.
State of Red Blood Indicators in Animals With Uranium Load
Authors: Attokurova G. , Maamatova B. , Edilbekova A. , Atamkulova A. , Orunbaeva B.
Published: April 2023

Research relevance: the study of uranium load on the state of red blood is relevant in connection with the effect on the bone marrow and changes in it. Research objectives: to study conditions of red blood indicators in animals with a uranium load. Research materials and methods: experiments were carried out on rabbits of the chinchilla breed, weighing 1.7-2 kg. The animals were divided into 4 groups depending on the altitude above sea level and on the receipt of uranium from food. To obtain posthemorrhagic anemia, a single bloodletting was performed in the amount of 3% of the animal’s weight. Research results: in animals that were in mid-mountain conditions, stimulation of the red and white sprouts of the bone marrow and a pronounced regenerative reaction to the preliminary administration of uranium radionuclide and blood loss were observed. Conclusions: in animals kept in mid-mountain conditions near the uranium tailing dump, the regenerative potential of red and white bone marrow sprouts was reduced, which was confirmed by the absence of regenerative, regenerative processes after blood loss.
Patiens Medical Recordum in Web-resources
Authors: Khukhunin S.
Published: April 2023

Electronic health records (EHR) to be unified and stored on a single server, or be able to be transferred to other hospitals, and used regardless of the existence of the Internet. The paper presents an overview of the development of the Web interface, and the history of its introduction to medicine. We considered and analyzed options for the introduction of the Web interface to medicine. Described and analyzed options for the functional management of various software and hardware, Web-based interface. The program provides opportunities typed input, that is, filling in text, numerical, logical types, lists and dates, which in turn provide additional possibilities for the collection of statistics and graphing. Schematic Editor allows you to make graphical notes and drawings, for example, the image of the cornea. Web-form has been designed in such a way as to not only enter, but also the subsequent review and analysis of the data were useful, visual and informative, and any information stored in the database easily accessible to the user.
Use of Halothane in Experimental Animals Under Conditions of Hyperuricemia Modeling
Authors: Kharsanova A. , Kakeev B. , Turdubaeva E.
Published: April 2023

Hyperuricemia is a pathological disease in humans, mainly in Western countries, but in recent years, there has been a trend towards the incidence in Asian countries, respectively. One of the best promising models of its mechanism is its use in animal experiments, which can be extremely close to what is possible in humans. The data obtained because of the experiments made it possible to understand the deeper etiopathogenetic mechanisms for the development of purine metabolism disorders. Autopsy of experimental animals for a thorough histological and morphological examination requires the use of rapid euthanasia. However, the method must not cause unnecessary pain to the animals and must be aesthetically acceptable to the experimenters. It is important that the collection of blood samples from experimental animals be the least stressful, as stress will affect the result of the study. The use of inhalation anesthetic helps to achieve deep sleep-in rats, with further bleeding, decapitation and subsequent removal of internal organs for morphological examination.
The Cultivation of Winter Wheat in the Ganja-Gazakh Economic Region
Authors: Gasymova A.
Published: April 2023

To obtain a high yield of wheat, the described cultivation technology should be observed. Consideration should be given to the biological characteristics of winter wheat, varieties, soil preparation for sowing, sowing dates, sowing rates, irrigation, fertilization, disease and pest control, and, finally, timely harvest without losses in accordance with relevant conditions. Since winter wheat is demanding on mineral fertilizers, one of the most important factors was the determination of the norms of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash fertilizers. Taking into account the fact that the chemical composition of winter wheat grain is not constant, but varies depending on the type and variety, climatic conditions, soil fertility, cultivation technology, a technology has been developed for growing 4 different varieties of winter wheat. For the Ganja-Kazakh economic region to obtain high-quality grain, which makes it possible to obtain an average yield of 50-60 centners per 1 ha.
Cognitive Brain Science: Glymphatic (Lymphatic) System, Circadian Stress and Chronic Insomnia
Authors: Romanchuk N. , Volobuev A. , Krasnov S.
Published: April 2023

Sleep evolutionarily persists in all species, and sleep disturbance is the general pathogenesis of neurodegeneration, circadian stress, and electromagnetic load/overload. Sleep quality in human decreases with age, and disruption of normal sleep architecture often precedes the onset of neurodegenerative diseases. The lymphatic system, which cleans the brain of protein waste, is mostly active during sleep. Chronic stress remodels and restructures the lymphatic vasculature. The glymphatic system because of its dependence on glial cells — non-neuronal cells in the central nervous system (CNS) that do not produce electrical impulses but support and protect neurons. The present and functional lymphatic vascular system is found in the meninges that cover the central CNS. This unexpected (rediscovery) discovery led to a reassessment of fluid and solute drainage mechanisms in the CNS, neuroimmune interactions, and the involvement of meningeal lymph nodes in the onset and progression of neurological disorders. Various factors affecting meningeal lymphatic function, such as growth factor signaling and aging, and their effect on the continuous flow of brain-derived molecules and meningeal immune cells to the cervical lymph nodes. Discovery of the role of the lymphatic vasculature draining the CNS in various pathologies that have a strong neuroinflammatory component, including brain injuries, tumors and aging-related neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. Neural networks that link sleep, aging, lymphatic system clearance and protein aggregation have shed new light on the pathogenesis of a wide range of neurodegenerative diseases for which lymphatic system failure may represent a therapeutically targeted end-to-end common pathway.
Historical and Physiological Aspects of Muscle Relaxation and Application in Medical Practice
Authors: Chyngyshova Zh. , Raimbekov Zh. , Turdusheva D. , Turdiev U. , Nazarbekov D.
Published: April 2023

The introduction of muscle relaxants into clinical practice has made it possible to revise the fundamental foundations of anesthesiology and greatly facilitated surgical interventions. It is important to note that the use of muscle relaxants is not limited to anesthetic management. In intensive care units, NUT-blocking drugs are used during tracheal intubation, to synchronize patients with an artificial lung ventilator, during invasive manipulations (for example, fibrobronchoscopy, lumbar puncture, tracheostomy), during intrahospital transportation of patients for diagnostic studies.
‘Les objets plus ou moins déformés’: Émile Zola’s Screen Theory of Representation and the Rougon-Macquart Cycle
Authors: Troy Eddy
Published: April 2023

This article argues for renewed attention to Émile Zola's notion of the ‘Écran transparent’ in light of calls to read the novelist's Rougon-Macquart cycle as proto-modernist. It claims that in his 8 August 1864 letter to Antony Valabrègue, Zola lays the theoretical foundations for a departure from verisimilitude, advancing instead a mode of perception that frequently generates deformed objects – objects engendered by a ‘surréalisme particulier’ (Gilles Deleuze). The article re-reads the ‘prospective qualities’ (Susan Harrow) of Germinal, Au Bonheur des Dames and La Curée to explicate the deformative logics of the Zola's Screen.
Les Écrivaines qui font recettes: discours critique par le livre pratique
Authors: Brun Marion
Published: April 2023

This article focuses on three recipe books inspired by women writers: Les Carnets de cuisine de George Sand: 80 recettes d'une épicurienne by Muriel Lacroix and Pascal Pringarbe , Colette gourmande by Marie-Christine and Didier Clément, and Marguerite Yourcenar portrait intime by Achmy Halley. The article opts to treat these three books as though they were works of criticism. Indeed, these three books, which are hybrids of advice books, biographies and anthologies, represent mythographies of the authors who inspired them. Thus, these far from feminist representations of women writers slaving over hot stoves are nonetheless able to offer vindications of those women's demiurgic powers. As such, these works often take on a regionalist and nostalgic tone that reduces them to the status of literary exhibits in a dusty conservatory of folkloric traditions.
Biopreparations as an agro-ecological factor enhancement of biosafety in agrocenoses
Authors: Havryliuk L. , Kichihina O. , Turovnik Yu.
Published: April 2023

The problem of environmentalization of agricultural production is extremely important in a scientific and applied sense, the main task of which is to provide the population with food products, prevent crop losses from harmful objects, and protect the environment from excessive chemical load. Accordingly, an alternative solution in overcoming the negative consequences of chemicalization of agricultural production and improving the quality of seed products is the use of environmentally safe plant protection measures. Protection against phytopathogenic microorganisms is an important component of technologies for growing various crops. After all, in soybean agrocenoses there is an accumulation of an infectious background of phytopathogenic micromycetes, among which species of the genus Penicillium, Aspergillus, Alternaria, and Fusarium predominate, which can cause outbreaks of many plant diseases (root rot, Alternaria, Fusarium, late blight, anthracnose, cercosporosis). Phytotoxic metabolites of necrotrophic phytopathogenic fungi, which are able to accumulate in soil, seeds and plant residues, deserve special attention. After all, mycotoxins lead to a decrease in the yield and quality of grain, as well as the quality of food products, which negatively affects their ecological safety, and this, in turn, can cause poisoning of humans and animals. The use of biofungicides is aimed at controlling diseases and reducing their harmful effects. Seed treatment leads to disinfection of seed material and protection of young plants from various infections. Therefore, the use of useful microorganisms, which are part of biological preparations, which effectively affect the processes of functioning of agroecosystems, is relevant.
CRITERIA FOR ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS IN AGROCENOSES UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ABIOTIC FACTORS
Authors: Lishchuk A. , Furdychko O. , Parfeniuk A. , Karachynska N.
Published: April 2023

The study of environmental risks in the agricultural industry in the conditions of global climate change remains relevant. The role of abiotic factors (air temperature and precipitation) in the formation of environmental risks in agrocenoses of agricultural crops is covered in the article. The influence of uncontrolled fluctuations of agroclimatic factors on agrocenoses, which cause environmental risks, is particularly hazardous. They are the main prerequisite for reducing the efficiency of agriculture. The aim of the work was to develop and substantiate the criteria for evaluating ecological risks in agrocenoses under the influence of abiotic agroclimatic factors in the conditions of climate change. The defined criteria provide an assessment of the ecological risks of loss of fertility and reduction of soil quality, deterioration of the phytosanitary condition of agrocenoses, and reduction of their productivity. Such criteria include indicators of the content of organic matter and the coefficient of soil dehumification, which indicate a decrease in the share of organic matter in the soil; agrochemical indicators that confirm the risks of loss of macro- and microelements, changes in soil pH; normative indicators of the content of pollutants, which determine the level of ecological risks of soil contamination with dangerous compounds of heavy metals, pesticides and radionuclides. The criteria that determine the phytosanitary state of agrocenoses, determine the indicators of weediness, plant diseases that lead to death or thinning, an increase in the number of species of harmful organisms, and an approximate economic threshold of the harmfulness of pests. It characterizes the degree of damage to crops and possible crop losses. Ecological risks of agrocenoses productivity loss are determined by criteria for assessing crop loss from major diseases and indicators of quality and safety of agricultural products. The use of the specified criteria will ensure the timely elimination of the environmental risks outlined in the article thanks to the implementation of appropriate agrotechnical preventive and protective measures, will guarantee the growth of the productivity of agrocenoses and the ecological safety of agroecosystems.
THE STRUCTURE OF MICROMYCETES COMPLEXES IN THE ECOTOPES OF SULFUR QUARRIES IN THE WESTERN REGION OF UKRAINE
Authors: Oliferchuk V. , Shukel І.
Published: April 2023

Species composition and structure of micromycetes in the soil samples of the Yavoriv and Podorozhnie sulfur quarries with different degree of sulfur contamination were studied. The monitoring points were selected based on the considerable variation of the level of sulfur pollution. Soil samples with comparatively insignificant excess of SO4 2– background concentration in soil solution were compared with those exceeding the concentration by 1.5–1.9 times (ecotope ZH1), by 4.0–4.6 times (ecotope E3), 48-50 times (ecotope T5), 40–44 times (ecotope T6), by 7.5–8.0 times (ecotope E7). It was established that the ecotopes with SO4 2– content in soil solution differing 1.5–1.9 times were characterized with the high comparison coefficient (V). It indicates exact similarity of microbiota of the studied ecotopes, which is typical for the studied area of the Podorozhnie sufur quarry. The Yavoriv sulfur quarry is characterized with low values of comparison coefficient (V) which was mostly demonstrated in the soils with excessive background concentration of SO4 2– in soil solution by 40–50 times. Species composition of micromycetes was defined, which were distinguished during 2011–2021 and classified as 76 species of 31 genera. Based on the calculation of even correlations between species of micromycetes in soils of the studied sulfur quarries and SO4 2– content in soil solution structural species were defined, which are interconnected with close correlation relations and form micromycetes complexes at the Podorozhnie and Yavoriv sulfur quarries, which indicates the spread of r- and L- strategists on the devastated areas.
Analisis Gaya, Pola Dan Struktur Budaya Komunikasi Di Era Metaverse
Authors: Darto Hendrikus , Jelahut Felisianus Efrem
Published: April 2023

This study focuses on the influence of communication culture in the metaverse perspective on the style, pattern and structure of communication. The purpose of this study is to determine the imbalance of communication styles and structures that occur in the context of communication in the metaverse era. The research method used is a qualitative research method with a literature review approach. The results show that Metaverse presents a modern reality construction. Metaverse which is a representation of advances in information technology that comes with its own reality and avatars that represent humans in this new reality also influences the style, pattern and structure of communication culture
Оff-road vehicle mobility: modern methodology and normativ base
Authors:   JSC «Ukrautobusprom», Kraynyk Lubomyr , Lanets Olena ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: April 2023

Based on the analysis of the research of the Eastern and Western scientific schools, it was deter-?ined that the basic provisions and known achievements of the Western scientific school should be the basis for the formation of a modern domestic scientific school in the field of design and operation of vehicles with high and increased cross-country ability. It is necessary to take into account the priority direction of the research data in the field of military auto equipment, and therefore the problem of the lack of detailed algorithms or methods of computerized calculation and evaluation of the speed characteristics of the movement of a specific car on various support surfaces, which can be applied to practical use. The modern trend of the gradual transition of the NATO armies to a new generation of vehicles with the appearance of new models is due to the improvement of anti-mine protection of the crew and passability. And so it was formed in the 60s. In the 20th century, the configuration of the MI requires changes in accordance with the modern development of structures and requirements for them in the conditions of mobile military operations. This also applies to the differentiation of the same value of the axle load factor in the axle load range from 1 to 6 t 9, in which about 90% of the fleet of modern armies is concentrated, into 3 separate values for axle loads. The calcu-?ations are based on the condition of uniform distribution of the nominal load on the axle, which is not always correct for specific designs, especially for different layout schemes (hooded or hoodless). The same circumstance is also characteristic of the second NATO-standardized indicator of the vehicle’s structural passability, which elimi-?ates the real differences in the mobility of the same type and small-sized cars. Based on the review and analysis of modern research in the field of cross-country mobility and off-road mobility, the main provisions for the formation and assessment of the layout and suspension of high and increased cross-country cars and the conditions for maximum cross-country mobility, as well as the corresponding national standard, are presented. Keywords: off-road, vehicle, performance, mobility of movement, layout, suspension, standard.
Classification of behaviors of free-ranging cattle using accelerometry signatures collected by virtual fence collars
Authors: Versluijs Erik , Niccolai Laura J. , Spedener Mélanie , Zimmermann Barbara , Hessle Anna , Tofastrud Morten , Devineau Olivier , Evans Alina L.
Published: April 2023

Precision farming technology, including GPS collars with biologging, has revolutionized remote livestock monitoring in extensive grazing systems. High resolution accelerometry can be used to infer the behavior of an animal. Previous behavioral classification studies using accelerometer data have focused on a few key behaviors and were mostly conducted in controlled situations. Here, we conducted behavioral observations of 38 beef cows (Hereford, Limousine, Charolais, Simmental/NRF/Hereford mix) free-ranging in rugged, forested areas, and fitted with a commercially available virtual fence collar (Nofence) containing a 10Hz tri-axial accelerometer. We used random forest models to calibrate data from the accelerometers on both commonly documented (e.g., feeding, resting, walking) and rarer (e.g., scratching, head butting, self-grooming) behaviors. Our goal was to assess pre-processing decisions including different running mean intervals (smoothing window of 1, 5, or 20 seconds), collar orientation and feature selection (orientation-dependent versus orientation-independent features). We identified the 10 most common behaviors exhibited by the cows. Models based only on orientation-independent features did not perform better than models based on orientation-dependent features, despite variation in how collars were attached (direction and tightness). Using a 20 seconds running mean and orientation-dependent features resulted in the highest model performance (model accuracy: 0.998, precision: 0.991, and recall: 0.989). We also used this model to add 11 rarer behaviors (each< 0.1% of the data; e.g. head butting, throwing head, self-grooming). These rarer behaviors were predicted with less accuracy because they were not observed at all for some individuals, but overall model performance remained high (accuracy, precision, recall >98%). Our study suggests that the accelerometers in the Nofence collars are suitable to identify the most common behaviors of free-ranging cattle. The results of this study could be used in future research for understanding cattle habitat selection in rugged forest ranges, herd dynamics, or responses to stressors such as carnivores, as well as to improve cattle management and welfare.
Digital phenotyping of individual feed intake in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) with the X-ray method and image analysis
Authors: Difford Gareth Frank , Hatlen Bjarne , Heia Karsten , Bæverfjord Grete , Eckel Bernhard , Gannestad Kjellrun Hoås , Romarheim Odd Helge , Lindberg Stein-Kato , Norris Ashie T. , Sonesson Anna Kristina , Gjerde Bjarne
Published: April 2023

The primary barrier to research into feed efficiency of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is the lack of a reliable method to assess individual feed intake in large cohorts of fish over a growth period. A method with potential is the X-ray method, which images radio-opaque markers (beads) in feed consumed by fish. However, the time taken to count the markers in the digestive tract of fish is extremely onerous and the method has previously been shown to have low repeatability. Furthermore, the method has not been assessed and optimized for Atlantic salmon. Firstly, we made use of image analysis to count beads within the digital radiographs, which was highly correlated to manual counting by human observers (R2 = 0.99). Remarkably, image counting was up to 6 times faster than human counting when the number of beads per fish was high (> 300 per fish). We investigated the potential effect of different sources of error on the feed mass to bead count calibration equation and found the effects of X-ray exposure setting and the position of pellets on the X-ray plate to be negligible on the bead counts of both human and image analysis. We tested different feeding periods with the time of the X-ray images to minimize the loss of beads through defecation. We found that fish should be X-rayed within 6.5–11 hours of first being offered feed for a 6-hour feeding period which fed the entire daily ration. Lastly, we assessed the repeatability of feed intake over a 70-day growth period from 80–300 grams and found feed intake to be significantly and moderately repeatable (r = 0.45 ± 0.11), indicating developments in the method result in a consistent ranking of individual fish based on feed intake from three repeated measurements. The X-ray method combined with image analysis greatly reduces counting time without compromising accuracy, achieves promising repeatability, and is feasible in Atlantic salmon parr.
Comparison of proteomic landscape of extracellular vesicles in pleural effusions isolated by three strategies
Authors: Yao Xue , Liao Baixue , Chen Feng , Liu Lüye , Wu Kaiwen , Hao Yaying , Li Yanping , Wang Yuebin , Fan Ruiling , Yin Jun , Liu Lei , Guo Yuanbiao
Published: April 2023

Graphical Abstract

In our study, three methods were used for isolating extracellular vesicles derived from pleural effusion (pEVs), including ultracentrifugation (UC), a combination of UC and size exclusion chromatography (UC-SEC) and a combination of UC and density gradient ultracentrifugation (UC-DGU), and followed with proteomics analysis. Our results show that the method of UC-SEC could significantly improve the purity of pEVs and improve the performance of proteomic analysis of pEVs. The exosomal proteins CD11C, HLA DPA1 and HLA DRB1 may act as potential markers of pEVs.
Sex body: A nest of protein mixture
Authors: Li Miao
Published: April 2023

During the pachytene stage in mammalian meiosis, the X and Y chromosomes remain largely unsynapsed outside the pseudoautosomal region, while autosomes are fully synapsed. Then, the sex chromosomes are compartmentalized into a “sex body” in the nucleus and are subjected to meiotic sex chromosome inactivation (MSCI). For decades, the formation and functioning of the sex body and MSCI have been subjects worth exploring. Notably, a series of proteins have been reported to be located on the sex body area and inferred to play an essential role in MSCI; however, the proteins that are actually located in this area and how these proteins promote sex body formation and establish MSCI remain unclear. Collectively, the DNA damage response factors, downstream fanconi anemia proteins, and other canonical repressive histone modifications have been reported to be associated with the sex body. Here, this study reviews the factors located on the sex body area and tries to provide new insights into studying this mysterious domain.
Spatiotemporal analysis of dune stabilization in the Kyzylkum and Karakum sandy deserts
Authors: Petrović Marijana Z. , Blumberg Dan G. , Orlovsky Leah , Maman Shimrit
Published: April 2023

Sand seas and dune bedforms are climatic chronicles that have a wide range of scientific meanings. The Karakum and Kyzylkum sand seas in Central Asia span ∼500,000 km2, among the largest sand seas on Earth; yet, very little is known about their emergence and stabilization. Further, the internationally accessible literature lacks comprehensive studies on the interactions between contemporary climate and dune morphodynamics for this region. In this study, we applied the conventional approach for examining wind data—Fryberger’s drift equations and the latest Copernicus ERA5 wind reanalysis model—to demonstrate that the Karakum and Kyzylkum deserts had (and continue to have) low-energy environments during 1950–2019. Time-series multidimensional raster analysis and data mining indicated that 93% of surveyed desert areas were subjected to low-energy wind conditions during the last 70 years. The decrease in wind energy was further confirmed using the partitioning around medoids (PAM) unsupervised machine-learning clustering method and Getis-Ord Gi* statistics. Such an environmental setting promotes plant growth and biogenic crust development, and strengthens dune stability across the deserts. Furthermore, the results suggested that the spatial patterns of active dune morphologies (e.g., complex barchanoid ridges and overlaying superimpositions) were closely linked to the drift direction, power, and variability of contemporary winds, whereas stabilized aeolian formations (e.g., distinct formations of complex and compound vegetated linear dunes) indicated debatable disassociations. The relationship between the recognized orientation of the surveyed dune types and the computed resultant drift direction did not change significantly, suggesting that over time, the winds in these areas have most likely varied in strength, but not in direction. The calculated drift powers are not sufficient for the formation of registered mega profiles. Rather, they bolster dunes stability, stressing both deserts as indicative of earlier climatic eras that permitted aeolian sand activity and severe shifts that have initiated their steadiness. This is the first comprehensive study to statistically evaluate the links between the contemporary climate and dune morphologies of the Karakum and Kyzylkum deserts. Our study can serve as a foundation for future studies on climate change, dune mapping, and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating, while offering a broad understanding of the region’s paleo and contemporary environmental systems dynamics.
Establishing patient-derived organoids from human endometrial cancer and normal endometrium
Authors: Katcher Arielle , Yueh Brian , Ozler Kadir , Nizam Aaron , Kredentser Ariel , Chung Charlie , Frimer Marina , Goldberg Gary L. , Beyaz Semir
Published: April 2023

Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy in the United States and is one of the few malignancies that had an increasing incidence and mortality rate over the last 10 years. Current research models fail to recapitulate actual characteristics of the tumor that are necessary for the proper understanding and treatment of this heterogenous disease. Patient-derived organoids provide a durable and versatile culture system that can capture patient-specific characteristics such as the mutational profile and response to therapy of the primary tumor. Here we describe the methods for establishing, expansion and banking of endometrial cancer organoids to develop a living biobank. Samples of both endometrial tumor tissue and matched normal endometrium were collected from 10 patients. The tissue was digested into single cells and then cultured in optimized media to establish matched patient endometrial cancer and normal endometrial tissue organoids. Organoids were created from all major endometrial cancer histologic subtypes. These organoids are passaged long term, banked and can be utilized for downstream histological and genomic characterization as well as functional assays such as assessing the response to therapeutic drugs.
The value of CT-based energy imaging to discriminate dominant side lesions in primary aldosteronism
Authors: Huang Minggang , Yang Di , Zhang Yan , Zhang Yuqing , Mu Yue
Published: April 2023

Purpose

The current clinical discrimination of the dominant side of primary aldosteronism (PA) mainly relies on invasive adrenal venous sampling (AVS) examination. This study investigated the feasibility of dual-energy CT energy imaging parameters as a novel biomarker in identifying bilateral adrenal dominant lesions.

Methods

Fifty PA patients with bilateral lesions who underwent CT and AVS of the adrenal glands at Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital from October 2019 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Forty-eight patients had successful bilateral blood collection and two failed right-sided blood collection due to venous variation. Forty patients who were classified based on AVS underwent unilateral adrenalectomy and pathological findings confirmed adenoma in all cases. Quantitative dual-energy CT parameters were measured for all adrenal lesions, and the differences in dual-energy CT energy spectrum imaging parameters between the dominant and nondominant adrenal lesions were compared.

Results

Among forty-eight PA patients with bilateral lesions, forty patients with preoperative AVS-determined lesions on the dominant side underwent unilateral adrenalectomy, and eight patients without the dominant side were treated with medication. The iodine concentration difference (ICD) in the arteriovenous phase was more significant in the 40 cases of primary aldosteronism with dominant adrenal lesions than in the nondominant adrenal lesions (1.18 ± 0.45 vs 0.41 ± 0.42). The NICAP was higher in the dominant adrenal lesions than in the non-dominant lesions (0.39 ± 0.39 vs 0.14 ± 0.05). The sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis of the dominant adrenal lesion were 88.2% and 82.4% using the ICD of 0.68 as the threshold value.

Conclusion

Conventional CT has lower diagnostic value for dominant adrenal lesions, and CT-based energy imaging can be a new assessment method as a complement to AVS in identifying bilateral dominant adrenal lesions.
Research progress of E3 ubiquitin ligase regulating biological behavior of human placental trophoblast cells
Authors: Feng Jun , Yin Huimei , Baturuhu  , Dai Yonghui , Dai Fuxiao , Xu Junjun , Chen Zhili , Liu Yanyan
Published: April 2023

E3 ubiquitin ligases are important components of the ubiquitin protease system. This family includes many proteins, which can catalyze the ubiquitination of a variety of protein substrates and promote the degradation of them by the proteasome system. Recent studies have shown that E3 ubiquitin ligase plays a key role in the process of fetal development and placental formation. It affects the biological behavior of placental trophoblast cells, leading to a series of pregnancy complications that threaten mothers and babies greatly. This review focuses on the regulation, target and mechanism of E3 ubiquitin ligase on the biological behavior of human placental trophoblast cells.
Corticotropin releasing hormone is present in the feline placenta and maternal serum
Authors: Watt Madison , Mohammadzadeh Pardis , Pinsinski Emma , Hollinshead Fiona K. , Bouma Gerrit J.
Published: April 2023

Background

In women, placental corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) can be detected in maternal blood throughout pregnancy and is important in the regulation of the timing of parturition. However, its role in other mammalian species is unclear. In fact, very little is known about the presence and localization of CRH in placentas other than human. In this study we report for the first time the presence of CRH in feline placenta and maternal serum.

Methods

Presence of CRH mRNA and protein was assessed using RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively, in at term domestic cat placentas opportunistically obtained at a local animal shelter and spay clinic. In addition, CRH localization within the placenta was demonstrated via immunohistochemistry. Finally, presence of CRH in maternal blood from early (¾21 days) and mid (25-35 days) stages of pregnancy was investigated by ELISA.

Results

CRH mRNA and protein were detected in feline placentas, and localized to larger decidual cells and fetal trophoblast cells, including the binucleate cells. CRH was detectable in maternal blood collected from early-stage pregnancies, and amounts significantly increased in mid-gestation samples.

Conclusion

This is the first report on the presence and localization of CRH in the feline placenta, and its increase in maternal serum during the first half of pregnancy. These data lay the foundation for future studies to determine if CRH can be used as potential novel marker for early pregnancy diagnosis, determination, and monitoring in felids, and could greatly increase efficiency and success in zoo breeding programs utilizing artificial reproductive technologies for endangered feline species.
Phase-separation: a possible new layer for transcriptional regulation by glucocorticoid receptor
Authors: Pinheiro Ester da Silva , Preato André Maciel , Petrucci Tamirez Villas Boas , dos Santos Lucas Souza , Glezer Isaias
Published: April 2023

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are hormones involved in circadian adaptation and stress response, and it is also noteworthy that these steroidal molecules present potent anti-inflammatory action through GC receptors (GR). Upon ligand-mediated activation, GR translocates to the nucleus, and regulates gene expression related to metabolism, acute-phase response and innate immune response. GR field of research has evolved considerably in the last decades, providing varied mechanisms that contributed to the understanding of transcriptional regulation and also impacted drug design for treating inflammatory diseases. Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) in cellular processes represents a recent topic in biology that conceptualizes membraneless organelles and microenvironments that promote, or inhibit, chemical reactions and interactions of protein or nucleic acids. The formation of these molecular condensates has been implicated in gene expression control, and recent evidence shows that GR and other steroid receptors can nucleate phase separation (PS). Here we briefly review the varied mechanisms of transcriptional control by GR, which are largely studied in the context of inflammation, and further present how PS can be involved in the control of gene expression. Lastly, we consider how the reported advances on LLPS during transcription control, specially for steroid hormone receptors, could impact the different modalities of GR action on gene expression, adding a new plausible molecular event in glucocorticoid signal transduction.
Ormdl3 regulation of specific ceramides is dispensable for mouse β-cell function and glucose homeostasis under obesogenic conditions
Authors: Hurley Liam D. , Lee Hugo , Wade Gina , Simcox Judith , Engin Feyza
Published: April 2023

Chronic elevation of sphingolipids contributes to β-cell failure. ORMDL3 has been identified as a key regulator of sphingolipid homeostasis, however, its function in pancreatic β-cell pathophysiology remains unclear. Here, we generated a mouse model lacking Ormdl3 within pancreatic β-cells (Ormdl3β-/-). We show that loss of β-cell Ormdl3 does not alter glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, islet morphology, or cellular ceramide levels on standard chow diet. When challenged with a high fat diet, while Ormdl3β-/- mice did not exhibit any alteration in metabolic parameters or islet architecture, lipidomics analysis revealed significantly higher levels of very long chain ceramides in their islets. Taken together, our results reveal that loss of Ormdl3 alone is not sufficient to impinge upon β-cell function or whole-body glucose and insulin homeostasis, however, β-cell-specific loss of Ormdl3 does significantly alter levels of specific sphingolipid species in islets upon high fat feeding.
Policy recommendations for the Rana trade towards the Republic of Korea
Authors: Borzée Amaël , Rodriguez Maribel , Bhatri Naila , Kim Ye Inn , Angulo Ariadne , Kim Daemin , Chang Min-Ho , Sung Ha-Cheol , Heo Kyongman , Park Il-Kook , Song Jae-Young , Jung Ji-Hwa , Jeon Jong Yoon , Kim Kyungmin , Min Mi-Sook , Moores Nial , Wren Sally , Prasad Vishal Kumar , Jang Yikweon , Shin Yucheol , Othman Siti N.
Published: April 2023

- Ban the trade of non-native species for consumption as food or derived products and for personal use (i.e., as pets).

- Ban the trade of native species when they do not originate from within the nation (i.e., same genetically defined conservation unit).

- Tracking of potential established alien Rana populations.

- Eradication of potentially established alien Rana populations.