bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Image Processing used as a Powerful Tools in Recent Biomedical Security
Authors: Sunit Jana  , Rakhi Biswas  , Koushik Pal
Published: January 2024

A vital component of healthcare systems, biomedical security guarantees the integrity and confidentiality of sensitive patient data. The goal of this research is to improve biomedical security by incorporating image processing methods. Image processing can be used to watermark, authenticate, and encrypt biomedical images, protecting their integrity and secrecy. First, by encrypting data in a form that is difficult to decode without the right decryption keys, image encryption helps prevent unwanted access. Secondly, By putting undetectable markings inside photos, watermarking helps identify and discourage any alteration attempts. Robust security measures are necessary in the ever-evolving field of biomedical research and technology to protect sensitive data. Utilizing image processing in biomedical security can provide cutting-edge solutions for authentication, privacy protection, and other issues. This paper develops into the potential application , existing methodologies current challenges and also future prospects of utilizing image processing in biomedical security
Integration of AI Medical Systems in Healthcare Analytics
Authors: Dr. Anchugam  , Dr. Jayanthila Devi
Published: January 2024

This paper will discuss the relationship between healthcare stakeholders and intelligent medical systems. It examines how intelligent systems might affect healthcare. The study was prompted by the interest and investment shown in intelligent agents like Siemens since their initial trial deployments in healthcare organizations, before physician feedback. Here we discuss the pros and cons of using intelligent medical systems, as well as some ethical issues. The socio technical implications of intelligent systems in healthcare are explored. The article also compares Convolutional Neural Networks to state-of-the-art approaches and discusses potential decision-maker roles in assessing medical personnel's attitudes toward intelligent systems before final deployment.
COMPORTAMIENTO DEL CONSUMIDOR ANTE LOS CAMBIOS TECNOLÓGICOS COMO RETOS DEL MARKETING
Authors: Baso Enia Edith , De León Long Ana Isabel
Published: January 2024

Los avances tecnológicos han permitido que se den grandes oportunidades para las actividades del marketing surgiendo a su vez los cambios del comportamiento del consumidor, ya que actualmente es más exigente porque está mejor informado de la existencia de los producto y servicios, de sus características, bondades y beneficios.  La siguiente investigación tienen como objetivo determinar la influencia que tienen los cambios tecnológicos en el comportamiento del consumidor. La metodología utilizada para la elaboración de este artículo es la documental con un alcance descriptivo. Se observó como el consumidor ha variado su conducta aprovechando las ventajas que ofrece esta herramienta. Los resultados arrojaron que los cambios tecnológicos han permitido que el consumidor pueda comunicarse más e interactuar con agentes comerciales. Se concluye que los cambios tecnológicos son una gran oportunidad para el consumidor dando origen a un nuevo reto del marketing.
SUPERVISIÓN EDUCATIVA EN PANAMÁ
Authors: Agudo Arenas Erubey Leonel
Published: January 2024

Este artículo ofrece un análisis comparativo detallado de la supervisión educativa en Panamá frente a las prácticas exitosas en América Latina, destacando las implicaciones prácticas de los hallazgos. Aunque la supervisión educativa es un pilar en la promoción de la calidad educativa, su implementación y resultados varían sustancialmente entre países. Utilizando un enfoque cualitativo, se efectuó un análisis documental exhaustivo de las políticas y estrategias de supervisión educativa en Panamá y otros países seleccionados de América Latina. A pesar de los avances realizados por Panamá, el estudio revela desafíos significativos y áreas de mejora en comparación con modelos destacados en la región. Estos resultados sirven como base para proponer reformas y acciones específicas en la supervisión educativa panameña, apuntando a una educación más eficiente y equitativa.
TIEMPO PRESENTE Y AUTORITARISMO
Authors: Cavalcanti Erinaldo
Published: January 2024

El artículo analiza algunas representaciones indicativas de prácticas autoritarias presentes en de la historia reciente de Brasil, especialmente en la experiencia del gobierno de ultraderecha (2018-2022). Para ello, se ha utilizado un conjunto de imágenes y noticias publicadas en diversos periódicos de Brasil que representan el discurso autoritario en defensa del pasado dictatorial. La investigación indica la marcada presencia de prácticas autoritarias y de defensa de la dictadura militar como componentes constitutivos de parte de la sociedad brasileña en tiempo presente; además, señala los desafíos para la Historia y su enseñanza en Brasil.
INDÍGENA PROPIA EN LA INSTITUCIÓN EDUCATIVA EL MESÓN, MUNICIPIO DE MORALES, CAUCA, COLOMBIA
Authors: Sarria Collazos Javier Fernando
Published: January 2024

Este artículo muestra resultados preliminares de investigación doctoral cuyo objetivo es analizar la educación propia como proceso educativo y territorial de la etnia Nasa, en la Institución Educativa Indígena el Mesón (INEIM) del resguardo de Honduras, Municipio de Morales, Cauca, Colombia, este estudio se fundamenta teóricamente en los conceptos de educación intercultural-propia, territorio, territorialidad y sigue una metodología de investigación cualitativa de tipo no experimental, los instrumentos aplicados fueron la entrevista semiestructurada, la observación participante, la revisión documental, los grupos de discusión (conversatorios, el palabreo y la minga de pensamiento) que son maneras propias que los indígenas utilizan para transmitir conocimiento desde la tradición oral. Entre los resultados se encontró que la educación propia es milenaria está orientada desde la Ley de origen de cada etnia, desde el seno familiar y comunitario en armonización con la Madre Tierra, el cosmos y la espiritualidad necesarios para existir con identidad, contempla como eje principal el andar del tiempo que per se garantiza educación para la vida, relacionándose con la naturaleza, otras etnias, la sociedad en general y se materializa desde la sabiduría y conocimiento de forma vivencial para vivir bien, con un papel muy importante en la construcción de la territorialidad y el desarrollo de las comunidades, finalmente es una dimensión política que tiene la capacidad de construir con fundamento crítico procesos y propuestas educativas frente a la educación que necesitan los indígenas en Colombia.
Utility of multimodal molecular imaging in the diagnosis and decision-making in arterial diseases
Authors: Mejia-Cervantes Jacqueline , Anaya-Ayala Javier E. , Solano-Mendívil Ezequiel , Gonzalez-Hernandez Isaac , Aramburo Juan C. , Medina-Velazquez Luis A. , Ignacio-Alvarez Eleazar , Hinojosa Carlos A.
Published: January 2024

Arterial diseases are prevalent in the general population, particularly in the elderly, and they are among the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Nuclear imaging is a useful tool in diagnosis and follow-up in different areas of medicine, and over the last 2 decades, these study modalities have become more relevant in the field of angiology and vascular surgery due to their potential benefit in the interpretation of pathophysiological mechanisms associated with the natural history and severity of diseases that affect the circulation such as vasculitis, degenerative aortic aneurysms (AA), peripheral arterial disease (PAD), and complications following reconstructive procedures such as graft infections. The literature has shown evidence of an important number of radiotracers for specific molecules involved in the activity of these entities and their utility as predictors during surveillance and possible therapeutic targets.

The present narrative review aims to describe the use of nuclear medicine, imaging methods, and radiotracers that have been applied in arterial diseases, as well as the advantages and considerations, their importance in the diagnosis and follow-up of these complex groups of patients, and future perspectives.
Unruptured intracranial aneurysms: Why should we focus on small aneurysms? A comprehensive update of recent findings
Authors: Frączek Maciej Jakub , Krzyżewski Roger Marek , Kliś Kornelia Maria , Kwinta Borys Maria , Popiela Tadeusz Jan , Stachura Krzysztof
Published: January 2024

Intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are a significant public health concern because they have the potential to cause deva­stating consequences, including death and disability. Despite advances in diagnostic and treatment modalities, the outcomes for patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH) remain poor, with high rates of rebleeding, vasospasm, and cerebral ischaemia. IAs are a significant risk factor for aSAH, and it is estimated that up to 3% of the general population have IAs. Recent studies using novel imaging modalities have shown that the prevalence of IAs may be much higher, with 6.6% of adults aged 40-84 years having intradural saccular IAs ≥ 2 mm. The risk of rupture for IAs is difficult to predict, and the decision to treat them invasively is based on a balance between the estimated rupture risk and the procedural risks of the treatment. However, the mortality and morbidity rates among patients treated for IAs can be as high as 5%. There is a need for clear guidelines on the treatment of IAs, and this review aims to provide an update on recent findings in this area. To achieve this goal, the authors identified and summarized recent, high-impact studies on IAs. The review focuses on the diagnostic and treatment options for IAs, as well as the risks associated with these interventions. The authors also provide an overview of the natural history of IAs and discuss the challenges and uncertainties in managing these patients.
Influence of the physical pressure of an ultrasound probe on shear-wave elastography measurements of the gastrocnemius muscle in a paediatric population: a non-interventional cohort study
Authors: Cebula Agnieszka , Cebula Maciej , Czajkowska Marta , Gruszczyńska Katarzyna , Kopyta Ilona
Published: January 2024

Purpose

The aim of our study is to evaluate the impact of ultrasound probe mechanical pressure on the stiffness of the gastrocnemius muscle in a healthy paediatric population. As far as we know, there has been no previous qualitative in vivo study on the impact of probe pressure on muscle shear-wave elastography results with objective evaluation of compression in the paediatric population.

Material and methods

In this cohort study, a group of 22 children (mean age 8.99 years, SD 2.74, 11 males) underwent elastography of the gastrocnemius muscle of the dominant leg. A custom-made, 3-dimensional printed probe cover was used to measure the mechanical pressure of the probe on tissues.

Results

The obtained results were related to the age, sex, BMI, and calf circumference of the subjects. We observed a significant difference in the stiffness parameter at a pressure of 1 N, with a further increase if force was increased (p < 0.001). A significant, very weak positive correlation of age and stiffness was observed (p < 0.001, r2 = 0.022). There was no significant correlation of stiffness, BMI, and calf circumference.

Conclusions

The use of compression during muscle elastography in children causes a significant bias in results, regardless of age, sex, BMI, or calf size.
Methods and Practice of Assessing the Level of Inclusive Regional Development of Kazakhstan
Authors: Nurlanova N. K. , Alzhanova F. G. , Dnishev F. M.
Published: January 2024

In Kazakhstan, the inequality of economic, social, and innovative development of regions and the population has increased in recent years. The purpose of this work is to assess the level of diﬀerences between Kazakhstan’s regions in social, economic, innovative and infrastructural inclusivity and to offer recommendations for reducing regional inequality. The methods of comparative analysis, economic and statistical, generalizations, index, matrix, typology, absolute and relative indicators of inclusiveness are used. The author’s methodological approach is applied based on the index method and ranking. The study hypothesis is that the high level of economic inequality in the regions determines the high level of diﬀerences in the sphere of social inclusion, innovation and inclusion in the sphere of infrastructure. Calculations of private and integral indices showed that the diﬀerences in social inclusivity of the regions amounted to 3.37 times; economic inclusivity – 7.45; infrastructure – 2.96; innovation – 6.67. A matrix of regional inclusive development has been formed based on the gradation of assessments. The conclusion is made about the contradictory picture in the levels of inclusiveness of economic, social and innovative development of the regions of Kazakhstan. The proposed methodology can be expanded and optimized for regions, population groups, and speciﬁc tasks in the ﬁeld of inclusive growth. Recommendations have been developed to improve Kazakhstan’s regional policy, reform the tax system, and increase the budget self-suﬃciency of regions in the interests of inclusive development.
Factors Influencing Sustainable and Positive Organizational Behavior: the Example of Higher Education in Kazakhstan
Authors: Mazhieva G. M. , Aimurzinov M. A. , Serikbayeva S. G.
Published: January 2024

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), adopted by the United Nations in 2015, highlight the importance of resilience and sustainability in achieving goals such as good health and well-being (SDG 3), decent work and economic growth (SDG 8), responsible consumption and production (SDG 12), and climate action (SDG 13). Addressing these challenges and promoting a supportive work environment through interventions such as team-building events, recognition of employees’ eﬀorts, and providing opportunities for skills development can contribute to the resilience and sustainability of Kazakhstani organizations. This study aimed to explore resilience and sustainability in the workplace in higher education in Kazakhstan from the perspective of managing and academic staﬀ. Interviews were conducted with ten respondents from diﬀerent universities in Almaty city, Kazakhstan, to identify individual and organizational factors that contribute to resilience and sustainability in the workplace. The ﬁndings revealed that teamwork, working environment, work process, functioning, and leadership were critical organizational factors impacting resilience and sustainability. Academic staﬀ emphasized the importance of corporate spirit, solidarity, and teambuilding while managing staﬀ highlighted the need for a clear allocation of tasks and responsibilities. Challenges such as unequal task distribution and a shortage of competent specialists were identiﬁed, which can impede work progress and aﬀect productivity. The study suggests that contextually relevant strategies and interventions should be developed to promote positive organizational behavior and overall progress toward sustainable development goals in Kazakhstan, taking into consideration the unique cultural, social, and economic factors that inﬂuence the workplace dynamics in the country.
Utility of rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) using toluidine blue stain in respiratory cytology
Authors: Kumar Mohit , Bhat Archana , Mascarenhas Don Gregory
Published: January 2024

Introduction and Aim: Cytology has gained importance as a diagnostic test in pulmonary lesions, especially in patients presenting with advanced malignancy which are surgically non-resectable. Although cytopathological diagnosis may be limited, its role cannot be underestimated considering the minimal invasive nature of the technique. Single slide (SS) Rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) will aid in adequacy assessment and diagnosis of pulmonary lesions on cytopathology.
 
Materials and Methods: We conducted a prospective study. SS ROSE was done on transbronchial fine needle aspiration and bronchial brushing specimens using toluidine blue staining. The slides were microscopically evaluated for adequacy and for diagnosis. In case of inadequate smears, a repeat was suggested. The diagnosis was compared with the diagnosis rendered on remaining slides which were processed using conventional cytology.
 
Results: The study includes 82 cases for ROSE. A correlation of 100% was found between ROSE diagnosis and final cytology diagnosis. Out of 82 cases, 24 cases were malignancies and 3 were granulomatous lesions on ROSE. The remaining were negative for atypical/malignant cells. 2nd pass was advised in 21 cases due to the inadequacy of the diagnostic material in 1st pass. Out of 21 cases advised for 2nd pass, 11 were found to be malignant. A statistically significant p value of 0.05 was obtained.
 
Conclusion: In our study, we found that ROSE using toluidine blue stain is simple, yet a very useful procedure to reduce the number of passes, the need for repeat bronchoscopy procedure and helpful in suggesting more samples for ancillary tests and rapid cytopathological diagnosis.
Association between dyslipidemia and rotator cuff tear – A study
Authors: V. Kumar Dheeraj , Shetty Mithun , Shetty Sudeep , S. Manjunath
Published: January 2024

Introduction and Aim: Rotator cuff diseases are the most common soft tissue injuries in the upper extremity with incidence ranging from 5% to 39%. The causes of rotator cuff tendon ruptures are multifactorial. Both extrinsic and intrinsic factors affect the degeneration of rotator cuff muscles. Few animal studies have shown detrimental effects on tendons in the presence of high lipid levels. The goal of the current investigation was to determine whether abnormal blood lipid levels and rotator cuff tears are related.
 
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in a hospital setting at the AJ Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre in Mangalore over a 24-month period. The sample size obtained was 93 with the convenience sampling technique. The research involved clinical examination and routine blood investigations, fasting lipid profile and radiological examination. Following all the data collection, an association was assessed between fasting lipid values and rotator cuff tear using statistical analysis.
 
Results: Sixty-eight patients had an increased serum cholesterol level, which was shown to have a significant association with rotator cuff tear (chi square = 12.102 and p = 0.007). 52 patients suffering from rotator cuff tear had a low level of HDL, which was shown to have a statistically significant association (chi square = 13.098 and p = 0.042). 55 patients with rotator cuff tears had high LDL levels, which were shown to have a statistically significant association, (chi square = 9.487 and p = 0.023). 75 patients with rotator cuff tears had high triglyceride levels, which were shown to have a statistically significant association chi square = 8.044 and p = 0.044.
 
Conclusion: Our research revealed a statistically significant correlation between rotator cuff injuries and elevated serum cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL levels, and low HDL levels.
D-dimer level and inflammatory markers in COVID-19 patients with and without diabetes mellitus - A comparative study during the first wave of the pandemic
Authors: Sharma Aditi , M. S. Rukmini , A. Manjrekar Poornima , M. Pawar Neelam , K. Sowndarya
Published: January 2024

Introduction and Aim: High prevalence of diabetes mellitus makes it crucial to understand the distinctive inflammatory features of COVID-19 infection. Hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus are independent prognosticators for mortality and morbidity in SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study compares D-dimer and inflammatory markers in COVID-19 patients with and without T2DM during the first wave of the pandemic.
 
Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital. D-dimer, IL-6, Ferritin, CRP and LDH levels in COVID-19 patients with and without T2DM were compared.  D-dimer values were correlated with the IL-6, Ferritin, CRP, LDH and checked for statistical evidence. HbA1c levels were assessed for association of the severity of COVID-19 infection.
 
Results:  Serum levels of inflammatory biomarkers of 205 COVID-19 patients were compared in which 106 had T2DM and 99 were non- diabetic. Ferritin and LDH showed statistically significant elevation in diabetic COVID-19 patients. D-dimer showed positive correlation with all the inflammatory markers both in diabetic and non-diabetic COVID-19 patients. HbA1c showed statistically significant positive correlation only with Ferritin in COVID-19 patients with T2DM.
 
Conclusion: Ferritin was significantly associated with severity of diabetes as indicated by correlation to HbA1c. D-dimer, Ferritin, IL-6 and LDH levels were significant in COVID 19 patients having diabetes and those without.
Government Support and Employment of Manufacturing SMEs
Authors: DİREKÇİ Ali Recai , TİRGİL Abdullah
Published: January 2024

Purpose: This study aims to examine how government incentives affect SME employment in Türkiye's manufacturing sector.

Methodology: The dataset used in this study was derived from a survey conducted by a privately owned London-based company with the assistance of Türkiye's Ministry of Industry and Technology. Ordinary least squares and two-stage least squares regression techniques were used to analyze the relationship between government incentives and employment.

Findings: In the analysis, we found that between 2013 and 2016, jobs were created by Turkish manufacturing SMEs with the use of state assistance. Firm-level characteristics, including firms' age, capacity utilization rate, and innovative activities, were also found to have a substantial impact on SME employment.

Originality: Our study is the first to examine the impact of incentives on employment in manufacturing SMEs in Türkiye using a micro dataset administered to 10.063 manufacturing firms by the Ministry of Industry and Technology.
Systematic Literatur Review: Pengaruh Self-Efficacy Matematis Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika
Authors: Faozan Dani , Kusno Kusno
Published: January 2024

Matematika merupakan subjek atau mata pelajaran yang sering menimbulkan kecemasan serta kesulitan bagi banyak siswa. Salah satu faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kemampuan siswa dalam memecahkan masalah matematika adalah faktor keyakinan diri atau self-efficacy matematis mereka. Self-efficacy matematis mengacu pada keyakinan individu terhadap kemampuannya sendiri bahwa dirinya dapat berhasil dalam menyelesaikan tugas matematika yang sulit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan studi literatur review tentang pengaruh self-efficacy matematis terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika. Metode penelitian menggunakan systematic literature review dengan mengidentifikasi tujuan, mencari sumber relevan, memilih dan mengevaluasi, serta menyajikan hasil evaluasi sebagai hasil penelitian. Hasil dari literatur ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif antara self-efficacy matematis dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika. Siswa yang memiliki Self-efficacy yang tinggi akan lebih cepat menyelesaikan tugasnya daripada siswa yang memiliki self-efficacy rendah. Self-efficacy berdampak positif pada motivasi siswa dan mendorong siswa mengembangkan pemahaman terhadap konsep matematika. Dalam hal ini, tugas pendidik dalam melakukan pendekatan terhadap siswanya sangat diperlukan dalam memotivasi siswa untuk dapat merasakan keberhasilan dalam menyelesaikan soal matematika. Jadi, terdapat hubungan timbal balik antara self-efficacy matematis dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika.
Characterization of Fade Depth Due to Multipath Propagation at Microwave Band
Authors: Sanyaolu M. E. , Ndubuisi I. E. , Popoola F. A. , Owoyemi S. I.
Published: January 2024

The incidence of multipath fading in two Nigerian cities is explored in this study utilising the geoclimatic factor technique and ITUR Recommendation P530-14. Nigerian cities Abuja and Yola are being considered for the study. Two years (2019- 2020) of radiosonde data obtained from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET) are used. The estimation of the amount of time a certain fade depth is underestimated was presented which leads to outage probability due to atmospheric multipath propagation, assuming the given fade depth leads to the received signal falling below the squelch level. The Inverse Distance Square (IDS) approach was utilized for calculating point refractivity gradients that were not exceeded for 1% of the time at 65 m above the ground for the selected two cities in Nigeria. The findings reveal that the point refractivity gradient and the geoclimatic component vary on a monthly, seasonal, and annual basis. It is also seen that the fade depth revealed that the maximum risk of duct occurrence is much higher in Abuja compared to Yola.
The Mediating Effect of Self-Regulation on the Relationship Between Self-Directed Learning and Digital Competence
Authors: Toroba Riza Mae S. , Tagadiad Celso L.
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study was to discover the mediating effect of self-regulation on the relationship between self-directed learning and digital competence of students. The respondents of this study were the 300 grade 11 & 12 TVL senior high school students at Mati School of Arts and Trades selected through simple random sampling. Three adapted instruments were used to gather the data from the respondents. A quantitative method was employed to conduct the study and the tools used in analyzing the data were Mean, Pearson r, Regression and Medgraph using Sobel z-test. Results show that the grade 11 and 12 TVL senior high school students posted a high-level of self-directed learning, high-level of self-regulation, and a high level of digital competency. Findings also reveal that there is no significant relationship between self-directed learning and digital competence and self-regulation and digital competence show no significant relationship as well. However, between self-directed learning and self-regulation, the two variables show significant relationship. Further, it was found that there is no mediating effect of self-regulation to the relationship between self-directed learning and digital competence.
Exclusive Learning Program Sebgai Inovasi Kepala Sekolah dalam Mengembangkan Kemampuan Abad 21 (Kreatif, Kritis, Komunikatif dan Kolaboratif)
Authors: Sabri Muhammad
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji lebih dalam tentang exclusive learning program dan bagaimana pengalaman-pengalaman belajar yang didapatkan santri yang menikuti program tersebut serta bagaimana perkembangan kemampuan komunikatif, kreativitas, kolaborasi dan kemampuan berpikir kritis mereka. Pouplasi dari penelitian ini adalah semua pihak yang berperan dalam ELP di SMA IT Arrisalah, Mulai dari pembuat kebijakan (Kepala Sekolah), pelaksana Kebijakan (Deputi Kurikulum), seluruh tenaga Pengajar/tutor dan peserta didik. Pemilihan sampel dilakukan dengan tehnik Purpossive Sampling, sehingga terpilih 11 orang responden sebagai sampel penelitian. data dikumpulkan dengan tehnik observasi dan wawancara. Data yang didapat dari hasil observasi dan wawancara diuji keabsahannya dengan teknik triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi meotode, kemudian  dianalisis dengan teknik analisis data kualitatif yang kemukakan oleh Miles dan Huberman dengan tiga langkah analisis yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa proses belajar mengajar yang digunakan dalam program exclusive learning program didesain untuk dapat mengembangkan kemampuan Komunikasi, berpikir kritis, bekerjasama dan berpikir kreatif peserta didik.
Strategi Pemasaran Terintegrasi dalam Pengambilan Keputusan Pengajuan Kredit
Authors: Ghozali Ghozali , Nuraeni Eny , Novita Mega D.
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh Personal Selling, Kualitas Pelayanan, Lokasi Usaha, dan Digital Marketing terhadap Keputusan Pengajuan Kredit di Koperasi Tani ‘Sumber Manis’ Prajurit Kulon Kota Mojokerto. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan sampel 30 nasabah koperasi. Data dikumpulkan melalui angket terbuka dan di analisis menggunakan regresi linier berganda. Hasil uji F menunjukkan bahwa keempat variabel tersebut berpengaruh simultan terhadap Keputusan Pengajuan Kredit. Variabel Personal Selling, Kualitas Pelayanan, Lokasi Usaha, dan Digital Marketing secara parsial juga berpengaruh positif terhadap Keputusan Pengajuan Kredit. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan wawasan yang lebih mendalam tentang berbagai aspek pemasaran dalam konteks keputusan pengajuan kredit di koperasi. Implikasi praktisnya adalah bahwa koperasi dan lembaga keuangan serupa dapat meningkatkan strategi pemasaran mereka dengan mempertimbangkan peran kunci yang dimainkan oleh Personal Selling, Kualitas Pelayanan, Lokasi Usaha, dan Digital Marketing dalam membentuk persepsi dan keputusan nasabah. Penelitian ini juga mendukung temuan sebelumnya yang menyatakan bahwa aspek-aspek pemasaran memiliki peran penting dalam memengaruhi keputusan nasabah terkait pengajuan kredit.
THE WAYS DIVERSITY AND GENDER AFFECT
MILITARY PROFESSIONALISM AND HOW DIVERSE
GROUPS PERCEIVE THIS CONCEPT
Authors: Budeci Mimoza
Published: January 2024

Not much research has looked at how diversity and gender affect military professionalism and diverse groups perceive this concept. Using a qualitative approach, the study examined perspectives on military professionalism and unprofessionalism among diverse members of the Albanian Armed Forces (AAF). To ensure a diversity of participants, the study was based on the constructivist paradigm (multiple realities) as well as the Gender Perspective in the Albanian Armed Forces report (2013), which helps identify the varying impacts of such research on diverse groups of men and women. A total of 150 individuals participated in interviews and focus groups between October 2022 and August 2023. The findings show that professionalism and unprofessionalism each have distinct characteristics, where leadership is a key factor. This study sheds light on the members’ experiences and how the latter affect the way in which professionals are perceived. Keywords: Albanian Armed Forces, Military Professionalism, Qualitative Research, Diversity
Reduced seed-material dependence of a condensation particle counter
Authors: Wlasits Peter Josef , Enroth Joonas , Vanhanen Joonas , Pajunoja Aki , Grothe Hinrich , Winkler Paul Martin , Stolzenburg Dominik
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Modern condensation particle counters (CPCs) are indispensable instruments for studies of aerosols in all measurement environments. Relying on heterogeneous nucleation as basic principle, the composition dependence of particle activation is a source of profound uncertainty for the accurate assessment of particle number concentrations. While development efforts successfully pushed down minimum detectable particle sizes in recent years, composition-dependent counting efficiencies have remained to be a persisting issue in aerosol research. Addressing this pressing problem, we present calibrations of a newly developed CPC, the Airmodus A30, that uses non-hazardous propylene glycol as working fluid. Our results conclusively demonstrate that composition-dependent particle detection can be reduced to the brink of disappearance by innovative choice of the working fluid. Counting efficiencies were determined for a set of size-selected and chemically diverse seed particles and the measured 50 % cutoff diameters were compared to previous studies. Using computational fluid dynamics simulations, we show that the composition dependence appears to decrease with increasing saturation ratios achieved inside the CPC. Hence, our study assists in the development of future CPCs and elucidates a potential mechanism to reduce measurement uncertainties arising from composition-dependent counting efficiencies.
Depth-extrapolation of field-scale soil moisture time series derived with cosmic-ray neutron sensing using the SMAR model
Authors: Rasche Daniel , Blume Theresa , Güntner Andreas
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Soil moisture measurements at the field scale are highly beneficial for different hydrological applications including the validation of space-borne soil moisture products, landscape water budgeting or multi-criteria calibration of rainfall-runoff models from field to catchment scale. Many of these applications require information on soil water dynamics in deeper soil layers. Cosmic-ray neutron sensing (CRNS) allows for non-invasive monitoring of field-scale soil moisture across several hectares around the instrument but only for the first few tens of centimeters of the soil. Simple depth-extrapolation approaches often used in remote sensing applications may be used to estimate soil moisture in deeper layers based on the near-surface soil moisture information. However, most approaches require a site-specific calibration using depth-profiles of in-situ soil moisture data, which are often not available. The physically-based soil moisture analytical relationship SMAR is usually also calibrated to sensor data, but could be applied without calibration if all its parameters were known. However, in particular its water loss parameter is difficult to estimate. In this paper, we introduce and test a simple modification of the SMAR model to estimate the water loss in the second layer based on soil physical parameters and the surface soil moisture time series. We apply the model at a forest site with sandy soils with and without calibration. Comparing the model results against in-situ reference measurements down to depths of 450 cm shows that the SMAR models both with and without modification do not capture the observed soil moisture dynamics well. The performance of the SMAR models nevertheless meets a previously used benchmark RMSE of ≤ 0.06 cm3 cm−3 in both, calibrated and uncalibrated scenarios. Only with effective parameters in a non-physical range, a better model performance could be achieved. Different transfer functions to derive surface soil moisture from CRNS do not translate into markedly different results of the depth-extrapolated soil moisture time series simulated with SMAR. However, a more accurate estimation of the sensitive measurement depth of the CRNS improved the soil moisture estimates in the second layer. Despite the fact that the soil moisture dynamics are not well represented at our study site using physically reasonable parameters, the modified SMAR model may provide valuable first estimates of soil moisture in a deeper soil layer derived from surface measurements based on stationary and roving CRNS as well as remote sensing products where in-situ data for calibration are not available.
Event based high resolution measurement of DOC-concentration and quality in a rural headwater catchment
Authors: Ditzel Lukas , Spill Caroline , Gassmann Matthias
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The export of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from small river systems is a significant factor in the global carbon cycle. DOC quality can be used to identify the sources of carbon in headwater systems. High-resolution in-situ measurements in small headwater catchments can unveil fast changing patterns of DOC export and DOC quality during events. In this study, the influence of precipitation events on DOC export and changing DOC quality was analyzed using highly resolved discharge and DOC concentration and quality data of 5-minute time steps. Data analysis was conducted using spearman correlation analysis, hysteresis analysis and visual comparison of pre-event and event conditions. Measurements took place from January 2021 until August 2022 in a German lower mountain catchment with predominantly agricultural land use. While DOC export was lower than in other catchments the DOC quality followed a well-observed seasonal pattern and was significantly influenced by the antecedent wetness of the catchment and the length of precipitation events. The results showed that the use of in-situ high resolution measurements can provide a detailed insight into the DOC export dynamics of a catchment and can help to identify the most important drivers of DOC quality changes.
From Reacting to Re-imagining
Authors: Markos Amy , Buss Ray , Marsh Josephine
Published: January 2024

In this practice-based essay, we illustrated how our program, a charter member of The Carnegie Project on the Education Doctorate (CPED) and a recipient of a CPED Program of the Year Award in 2018, has moved from reacting to pandemic-era needs, to reflecting on pandemic-era adaptations, to re-imagining our EdD program. Focusing on three areas: program growth, changes to students’ professional contexts, and student well-being, we have reflected on our pandemic-era experiences and how we have drawn upon them as we re-imagined and advanced our program. We have included reflective questions for program coordinators and faculty members, with the hope that the information we have shared can help others consider how they might re-imagine aspects of their programs.
Comparative Study of Lateral Internal Sphincterotomy versus Local 0.4% Glyceryl Trinitrate Ointment for the Treatment of Chronic Anal Fissure
Authors: Shah Utban Ali , Iqbal Tabish , Sarafaraz Khurram , Idress Muhammad , Javed Momina , Hamed Jawad
Published: January 2024

Objectives: To compare the outcomes of “Lateral Internal Sphincterotomy (LIS)” versus local “0.4% Glyceryl Trinitrate (GTN)” ointment for the treatment of chronic anal fissure. Study Design and Setting: Randomized controlled trial, Combined Military Hospital (CMH) / Pak Emirates Military Hospital (PEMH), Rawalpindi from October 2022 to March 2023. Methodology: A total of 100 patients [50 in GTN group and 50 in LIS group] who underwent treatment for chronic anal fissure were included in study. Patients in both groups were followed up at eight weeks after the surgery to assess for the outcomes including anal pain healing and recurrence of fissure. Data was analyzed by SPSS 22.00. Results: In our study, mean age was 30.48 ± 5.82 years. 61 (61.00%) were male while 39 (39.00%) were female. Mean duration of having anal fissure was 10.69 ± 2.59 weeks. Mean post-therapy pain VAS at week 8 follow up in “GTN” group was 0.64 ± 1.06 while in “LIS” group it was 0.16 ± 0.37, (p = 0.003). Complete healing of chronic anal fissure was achieved in 35 (70.00%) in “GTN” group while in “LIS” group healing was achieved in 42 (84.00%), (p = 0.096). Recurrence occurred in 2 (4.00%) of patients in “GTN” group and none in “LIS” group, (p = 0.153). Conclusion: “Lateral Internal Sphincterotomy (LIS)” is a better treatment option for management of chronic anal fissure.
Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders: A Comprehensive Review of Diagnostic Approaches and Management Strategies
Authors: Anjum Angabeen , Sheikh Nauman
Published: January 2024

Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) encompass a group of conditions that have an increased risk of progressing to oral cancer. Timely diagnosis and effective management of these disorders play a crucial role in preventing malignant transformation and improving patient outcomes. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the diagnostic approaches and management strategies for OPMDs. It discusses the current understanding of OPMDs, highlights the various diagnostic methods available, and explores the evolving landscape of management options. The aim of this review is to enhance the knowledge and awareness of healthcare professionals involved in oral pathology and promote effective decisionmaking in the diagnosis and management of OPMDs. A thorough understanding of diagnostic approaches and management strategies for oral potentially malignant disorders is essential for dental and medical professionals involved in oral pathology. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the topic, highlighting the importance of early detection, risk assessment, and interdisciplinary collaboration
Dental Caries, Periodontal Health Status, and Oral Hygiene Related Habits of Women Behind Bars in Central Jail Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Shah Hina , Khan Imran , Khan Sibghat Ullah , Kershan Jai , Ahmed Sanaa , Ayaz Sumbal
Published: January 2024

Objective: To assess the frequency of dental caries and periodontal health status among incarcerated women in Karachi facility, Sindh, Pakistan. Study design and Setting: A cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2021 to February 2022 at the department of Department of Community, Sindh Institute of Oral Health Sciences. Methodology: All female inmates between the ages of 18-65 years, serving various jail terms including those sentenced for life, prisoners condemned to death and awaiting trial were included in the study. Women younger than 18 years or older than 65 years and those who refused to give consent to participate were excluded. For each participant, dental caries and periodontal status examination were performed. Dental caries were scored using DMFT index. Results: A total of 131 incarcerated women were examined with a mean age 34.73 ± 9.94 years. The mean DMFT score was 4.76 ± 4.46. Older age was significantly associated with dental caries (p<0.0001). Participants who had diabetes had significantly increased caries as indicated by their high DMFT score (p=0.045). The participants who claimed to brush their teeth twice a day had significantly lower DMFT scores (p<0.0001). Conclusion: The study brings light to the poor oral care and the need to address oral health facilities for disadvantaged incarcerated groups. It emphasizes the need to regularly conduct dental checkups for diagnosis and treatment among the vulnerable population.
Comparison of Neck Extension versus Ultrasound Guided Distance Measured From Skin to Epiglottis (DSE) As Sole Predictors of Difficult Intubation
Authors: Minhas Hassan Nasir , Ikram Mobeen , Butt Nabeel Tahir , Bhalli Hafiz Ahmed Hassam , Ayub Mansoor , Irfan Shahzada
Published: January 2024

Objective: The objective of this study is to compare the conventional measurement of neck extension versus ultrasound guided distance measured from skin to epiglottis (DSE) as sole predictors in determining difficult airway and laryngoscopy. Study Design & Setting: Prospective observational study. Anesthesia department of Combined Military Hospital, Rwp from Jan-Jun 2023. Methodology: All the patients included in the study were divided into two groups, Group N (n=75) undergoing neck extension as sole predictor and Group E (n=75) using DSE by USG as a sole predictor for difficulty airway. Primary variables measured were the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predicted values for neck extension and ultrasound guided DSE when compared with the outcome of the gold standard Cormack Lehane classification at intubation. Results: Comparison of sensitivity and specificity of both parameters in diagnosing difficult airway showed a sensitivity of 76.9% in Group N (neck extension) versus 88.4% in Group E (DSE). Specificity showed 69.4% in Group N versus 87.5% in Group E. Neck extension had a positive predictive value of 73.2% whereas DSE was superior with a positive predictive value of 90.5%. The negative predictive value was also considerably less with neck extension as the sole perimeter with 73.5% versus 84.8% when DSE was used. Conclusion: We conclude that the ultrasound guided distance measured from skin to epiglottis is superior to conventional neck extension when used as sole agents to diagnose difficult airway in suspected patients.
OUTLINES OF ADVANCED GROWTH OF THE RA ECONOMY: MEDICAL INDUSTRY
Authors:   Armenian State University of Economics, HAKHVERDIAN DAVIT , BULANIKYAN VAHE , HAJYAN KARINE , TERTERYAN ANI , GALSTYAN HAMAZASP , BADADIAN GAGIK , SAHAKYAN SASUN , HAKOBYAN GAGIK , AVETISYAN SAMVEL , AGHAJANIAN SUSANNA , PAKHLYAN ANNA , TADEVOSYAN RUZANNA , MOVSISYAN SHUSHAN , TOVMASYAN GAYANE
Published: January 2024

Over the past decade, an integrated approach to health services has rightly become a global priority needed to strengthen health systems, reduce health inequalities and improve access to primary health care. Comprehensive health insurance includes both providing access to health services and providing financial protection when using those services. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), financial protection can be defined as a state in which “direct payments for health services do not expose people to financial hardship or threaten the population's standard of living.” However, in practice, effective coverage has so far rarely been quantified, especially across countries and years. The infrequent use of effective coverage as a measure to evaluate HNS surveillance is partly due to data availability issues, as most health data systems are unable to comprehensively assess key components of interventions: health care needs, consumption or delivery, and quality of health care services
DISTRIBUTION OF ABO - RHESUS BLOOD GROUPS AND PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN IN VOLUNTEER BLOOD DONATIONS IN KISANGANI, NORTHEAST OF DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO (DRC)
Authors: Véronique Mokoto Lokoni , Lomboto Naomie Esengo
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Knowledge of the distribution of ABO and Rhesus blood groups at the local and/or regional level is of imperative importance in the management of blood banks and transfusion safety services. The objective of this study is to determine the frequency of ABO and Rhesus blood groups among volunteer blood donors monitored at the Provincial Blood Transfusion Center (PBTC) and the frequency of participation of women. Methods. This is a cross-sectional descriptive study, carried out on 198 volunteer blood donors at the PBTC during the month of March 2022. The blood group was determined by the agglutination technique by looking for the antigens carried by the red blood cells of the subject tested using anti-A, anti-B, antiAB and anti-D antisera. The calculation of percentage and mean ± standard deviation (SD) was used for qualitative and quantitative variables respectively. The results were presented in tables and graphs. Results. The majority of respondents (88.8%) were aged from 20 to 34 years. The average age was 27.02 ± 7.45 years, with a minimum of 20 years and a maximum of 65 years. Blood group O+ represented 49.5%, A + group:26.8%, B + group:16.7% and AB+ group: 5.6% of donors. Three cases were Rh negative and all of them were all male. Only 3 out of 198 donors or 1.5% were female. Conclusion. the PBTC of Kisangani is functioning normally. However, the proportion of female donors is very low compared to other countries. Awareness campaigns for women are important in order to increase their numbers in donating blood.
Dampak Sosial Ekonomi Pinjaman Online di Palangkaraya: Kajian Terhadap Pola Peminjaman dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Masyarakat
Authors: Dopin Jolta Neus , Setiawan Micki , Renopasi Renopasi , Oktario Dhemenggus Rico , Nugroho Sanjayanto
Published: January 2024

This study aims to assess the socio-economic impacts of online lending in palangkaraya. Focusing in lending patterns and their implications for the community. The research merhod use was a qualitative approach through interviews with a number of respondents  who have used online lending services. The results show that the dominant pattern of borrowing is influenced by urgent needs, but the high interest rate of this service increases the financial risk for individuals. There are also indications of changes in consumption patterns, with some respondents having difficulty repaying loans leading to a sacrifice of long-term financial balance. The implication is the potential for local economic growth to be stunted and quality of life to suffer as a result of the growing financial burden on the people of palangkaraya