bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of non-sinusoidal non-stationary modes of electric networks based on the wavelet transformation
Authors: Osipov Dmitry S. , Dolgikh Nadezhda N. , Dyuba Elena A.
Published: November 2023

Subject of research: methods for calculating and analyzing non-sinusoidal non-stationary modes of electrical networks.

Purpose of research: development of a method for calculating active and reactive power, as well as the power of distortion of non-sinusoidal modes of electrical networks based on the theory of wavelet transform.

Object of research: electrical networks and power supply systems containing a non-linear load, which is the cause of non-sinusoidal modes.

Methods of research: packet wavelet transform of currents and voltages; theory of electrical circuits.

Main results of research: The paper proposes the idea of using the wavelet transform for frequency decomposition of currents and voltages of non-sinusoidal non-stationary modes of electrical networks. Based on the wavelet coefficients, it is proposed to calculate the active, reactive power and distortion power of non-sinusoidal modes.
The intellectual element of intent and its interpretation
Authors: Khiluta Vadim V.
Published: November 2023

Subject of research: the article considers the question of the essence of the intentional form of guilt. Aspects of understanding the intellectual component of the intentional form of guilt under the criminal law of Russia and Belarus are outlined.
Purpose of research: to determine the essence of the intellectual component of the intentional form of guilt and aspects of the interpretation of direct and indirect intent by the law enforcement officer.
Methods and objects of research: traditional methods of socio-legal and formal dogmatic analysis were used during the research: documentary, historical and legal, analytical, systematic, logical.
Main results of research: the author states that the awareness of public danger and illegality has a different explanation within the framework of criminal and administrative-tort law. However, in their essence, these concepts have the same purpose. The presence of double criteria regarding the difference between direct intent and indirect in criminal law levels the volitional component of guilt, because desire is always replaced by foresight, which necessarily expands the boundaries of direct intent. The construction of the subjective side of the corpus delicti contained in the criminal law (Article 25 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) allows us to assert that today the content of the volitional sign of an intentional form of guilt is determined based on the content of the intellectual sign of intent. This is wrong, because the main difference between direct intent and indirect intent should be based on the volitional component of guilt.
The Impact of Takaful Insurance on the Manufacturing Industry in Malaysia: Empirical Evidence through ARDL Bounds Testing Approach
Authors: Lahoucine Achmakou
Published: November 2023

In post-financial crisis, the interconnection between the financial sector and real activity is gaining more interest in the literature. Given that the insurance sector represents a large part of the financial globe, it will be essential to explore its impact on the real economy. Further, the expansion of participative finance, in the last decade, requires contextualising the question in this sense. However, this paper experiments with the effect of Takaful insurance on real activity in Malaysia. Hence, an ARDL model is estimated on quarterly data between 2010Q1 and 2017Q4. The results show a positive and significant impact of the increase in Takaful contributions to manufacturing activity. On the same side, a long-term relationship between the two sides is established in the image of a significative cointegration.
L’Utilisation des TIC Favorise-t-Elle l’Innovation ? Le Cas des Entreprises Industrielles Marocaines
Authors: Aissaoui Safae , Oukarfi Samira
Published: November 2023

Cet article examine l’effet de l’utilisation des technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC) sur l’innovation en introduisant une variété de types de TIC. Nous utilisons les données portant sur un échantillon représentatif de 524 entreprises industrielles marocaines. Nos résultats montrent que l’utilisation des TIC a un effet positif sur la probabilité d’innovation d’une entreprise. Cet impact est différencié selon le type d’innovation et la nature des technologies introduites. Exception faite de la connexion à Internet qui présente un effet positif sur les deux types d’innovation, il apparait que la probabilité que les entreprises industrielles innovent en produit dépend positivement de l’utilisation de machines à commandes numériques alors que la probabilité d’innover en procédé est d’autant plus élevée si elles ont recours à la gestion assistée par ordinateur et aux robots. En outre, nous avons montré que les entreprises qui ont un usage intensif des TIC sont plus enclines à innover en produits et en procédés que celles qui utilisent peu ou pas de TIC.

 

This article examines whether the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) has an effect on innovation by introducing a variety of types of ICTs. We use data from a representative sample of 524 Moroccan manufacturing firms. Our results show that the use of ICTs has a positive effect on the firm’s probability to innovate. This impact is differentiated according to the type of innovation and the nature of the technologies introduced. Except for the connection to the Internet, which has a positive effect on both types of innovation, it appears that the probability that manufacturing firms innovate in product positively depends on the use of numerically controlled machines, whereas the probability of introducing process innovations is even greater if they use computer-assisted management and robots. Furthermore, we have shown that firms that are ICT-intensive are more likely to introduce in product and process innovations than those that use little or no ICTs.
Do People Perceive Products Differently when Buying for Self Versus for Others? Malleable Brand Personality in Gifting
Authors: Sussan Fiona , Nakagawa Hideyuki
Published: November 2023

According to social identity theory, people behave differently in a social context than when they are by themselves because of social identity salience. Like people, brand personality changes depending on situations and context. There is lack of research investigating identity salience within the context of gifting and its subsequent impact on the perceived brand personality of a gift in different gifting situations. This paper proposes that in gifting situations of others, a social identity is activated which leads to change in the perceived brand personality of the same product purchased for self-gifting. Within the Japanese context, the hypothesis states that the excitement of brand personality dimension is more prominent in self-gifting than in gifting others, while competence and sincerity brand personalities are more prominent in gifting others than in self-gifting scenarios.  To test these hypotheses, thirty-six brand personality traits (Aaker et al., 2001) of eight brands were evaluated by 251 respondents in Japan. Factor analysis and multiple regression results support the main hypotheses.  The paper concludes with managerial implications and future research directions.
Déterminants de la Satisfaction des Exploitants Agricoles à l’Egard du Système de Riziculture Intensive (SRI) dans les Communes de Malanville et de Karimama au Nord du Bénin
Authors: Djerma Adam Abdel Karim Koda , Hougni Alexis , Yabi Jacob Afouda
Published: November 2023

Face à la demande sans cesse croissante en riz pour l’alimentation des populations au Bénin, le Système de Riziculture Intensive (SRI) devient une option crédible pour booster sa production. L’étude a pour objectif d’identifier les facteurs qui déterminent la satisfaction des exploitants rizicoles des communes de Malanville et Karimama au Bénin à l’égard du SRI. Pour atteindre cet objectif, des données quantitatives et qualitatives ont été collectées et un modèle logistique ordinal ajusté est utilisé sur un échantillon de 368 enquêtés. Les résultats indiquent que l’accès à l’information, l’activité principale, les appuis reçus, le coût d’entretien de l’exploitation, l’état du revenu généré par l’exploitation et les moyens financiers dont dispose l’exploitant sont les principales variables qui ont un effet positif et significatif sur la satisfaction. En conséquence, l’étude suggère la mise en place des mesures d’accompagnement, l’aide à la disponibilité et à l’accessibilité de semences de qualité et la subvention  pour un meilleur accès à la matière organique qui est la principale contrainte à la pratique du SRI.

 

Faced with the ever-increasing demand for rice to feed the population in Benin, the Intensive Rice System (IRS) is becoming a credible option to boost its production. The objective of the study is to identify the factors that determine the satisfaction of rice farmers in the communes of Malanville and Karimama in Benin with the SRI. To achieve this objective, quantitative and qualitative data were collected and an adjusted ordinal logistic model was used on a sample of 368 respondents. The results indicate that access to information, the main activity, the support received, farm maintenance cost, the state of the income generated by the operation and the financial means available to the operator are the main variables that have a positive and significant effect on satisfaction. Consequently, the study suggests the implementation of accompanying measures, support for the availability and accessibility of quality seeds and the subsidy of access to organic matter which is the main constraint to the practice of IRS.
Dynamique Spatio-Temporelle et Intérêt Pour la Conservation de la Forêt Classée de Goin-Débé, Une Aire Protégée Menacée de Disparition à l’Ouest de la Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Malan Djah François , Kougbo Ménéké Distel , Dogba Mathieu , Konan Amenan Sylvie
Published: November 2023

La forêt classée de Goin-Débé considérée comme zone d’importance pour la biodiversité, est depuis la crise post-électorale, l’objet d’exploitations agricoles et d’infiltrations par des paysans, mettant ainsi en péril son statut de refuge de la biodiversité. Ainsi, cette étude vise à évaluer l’état de conservation de la végétation et de la flore de cette forêt. Pour ce faire, une étude diachronique a d’abord été effectuée à partir des images satellitaires Landsat TM des années 1988 et 1998 et des images Landsat OLI/TIRS de l‘année 2020. Ensuite, un inventaire floristique a été effectué dans les différentes formations végétales de la forêt classée. L’exploitation des images satellitaires couplée aux analyses des données d’inventaire floristique révèle des dynamiques diamétralement opposées entre les périodes 1988 à 1998 et 1998 à 2020 dans la végétation. La première période a été marquée par un gain considérable en termes de superficie des jachères du sud-ouest au nord-ouest de la forêt classée. Alors que la seconde a vu une régression significative des surfaces des formations végétales au profit des exploitations cacaoyères. Les relevés floristiques ont permis d’inventorier 220 espèces appartenant à 176 genres répartis en 63 familles. Cette flore comporte 15 espèces menacées (1 EN, 13 VU, 1 NT) et 22 espèces endémiques du bloc forestier de la Haute Guinée (GCW). Ces espèces, entre autres éléments, confèrent à cette forêt un intérêt particulier qui devrait susciter plus d’actions pour sa conservation.

 

Since the post-electoral crisis, the Goin-Débé classified forest, considered as an area of importance for biodiversity, has been subject to agricultural exploitation and infiltration by peasants, thus jeopardizing its status as a biodiversity refuge. The aim of this study is to assess the state of conservation of the forest's vegetation and flora. To do this, a diachronic study was first carried out using Landsat TM satellite images from 1988 and 1998 and OLI/TIRS images from. Next, a floristic inventory was carried out in the different plant formations of the classified forest. Satellite images and floristic inventory data reveal diametrically opposed vegetation dynamics between the periods 1988 to 1998 and 1998 to 2020. The first period was marked by a considerable gain in fallow area from the south-west to the north-west of the classified forest. The second period, on the other hand, saw a significant decline in the area of plant formations in favor of cocoa farms. Floristic surveys have identified 220 species belonging to 176 genera divided into 63 families. This flora includes 15 threatened species (1 EN, 13 VU, 1 NT) and 22 species endemic to the Upper Guinea Forest Block (GCW), among other elements that give this forest a particular interest for conservation.
Caractéristiques de la Régénération Naturelle de la Végétation Contractée des Plateaux de l’Ouest du Niger Suivant les Gradients Pluviométrique et d’Anthropisation
Authors: Aboubacar Amadou , Baggnian Issoufou , Laouvali Abdou , Guimbo Iro Dan
Published: November 2023

La végétation contractée de l’ouest du Niger est affectée par les effets des changements climatiques, l’expansion des champs et l’exploitation anarchique du bois qui ont fortement impacté son potentiel de production et de régénération. La connaissance des paramètres de régénération est nécessaire à l’aménagement et la sauvegarde de ce milieu perturbé. L’objectif est d’étudier la régénération de la végétation contractée sur trois sites, le long d’un gradient pluviométrique et d’anthropisation. Sur chaque site, l’inventaire des ligneux adultes a été réalisé dans des placettes de 2500 m² (100 m x 25 m) disposées le long de cinq (5) transects, à raison de huit (8) placettes par transect. Chaque placette a été subdivisée en 100 placeaux de 25 m² (5 m x 5 m) pour l’inventaire et la mesure des individus de diamètre inférieur à 4 cm, diamètre minimum d’exploitation, considéré comme appartenant à la régénération. Les résultats ont montré une augmentation de la densité de régénération suivant le gradient pluviométrique et d’anthropisation. La famille des Combretaceae a révélé les meilleures capacités de régénération sur l’ensemble des sites investigués. Les autres espèces ont une importance spécifique de régénération très faible ou nulle selon le site. Malgré la péjoration des conditions climatiques et les pressions anthropiques, le taux de régénération sont supérieurs à 50 %. Ceci traduit une certaine résilience des formations végétales contractées.

 

The contracted vegetation of western Niger is affected by the effects of climate change, the expansion of fields and the anarchic exploitation of timber, which have had a major impact on its production and regeneration potential. Knowledge of regeneration parameters is necessary for the management and protection of this disturbed environment. The aim is to study the regeneration of contracted vegetation at three sites, along a rainfall and anthropisation gradient. On each site, the inventory of adult woody plants was carried out in 2500 m² plots (100 m x 25 m) arranged along five (5) transects, with eight (8) plots per transect. Each plot was subdivided into 100 plots of 25 m² (5 m x 5 m) for the inventory and measurement of individuals with a diameter of less than 4 cm, the minimum logging diameter considered to belong to the regeneration. The results showed an increase in regeneration density along the rainfall and human settlement gradient. The Combretaceae family showed the best regeneration capacity on all the sites investigated. The other species had little or no specific regeneration potential, depending on the site. Despite worsening climatic conditions and human pressures, regeneration rates are above 50%. This indicates a certain resilience of the contracted plant formations.
Relationship between Ferritin Levels with Calcium Levels in Patients Thalassemia β Major in Hospital in Jember
Authors: Aslamy Fantya Cerebella , Riyanti Rini , Abrori Cholis
Published: November 2023

Thalassemia β major is a hereditary disorder caused by mutations in the β-globin gene, which regulates the formation of one of the components that make up hemoglobin. This disorder results in the production of β-globin chains being reduced or not formed. The prevalence of thalassemia carriers in Indonesia reached 3.8% of the entire population based on data from the Ministry of Health in 2019. Therapy for thalassemia β major patients is lifelong transfusion, which results in iron overload and triggers hypocalcemia and osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between ferritin levels and calcium levels in thalassemia β major patients. This study uses an observational analytic research type and a cross-sectional research design. This research was conducted at the RSD dr. Soebandi Jember, Jember Clinic Plantation Hospital, and in December 2019-January 2020. The total sample was 13 patients suffering from thalassemia β major aged 1-18 years. The results of the Pearson analysis showed that p=0.858  showed that there was no  ignificant correlation between ferritin levels and calcium levels in Thalassemia β major in Jember. 

 

Keywords: Thalassemia β major, ferritin levels, calcium levels, hypocalcemia
Mortality Rates Of Adult Pulmonary Tuberculosis With Malnutrition: A Case Report And Comprehensive Literature Review
Authors: Rakasiwi Muhammad Ilham Dhiya , Siregar Astrid Mariam Khairani , Saputro Brayanna Infinita Laviashna , Isbaniah Fathiyah , Octovia Lily Indriani
Published: November 2023

Tuberculosis (TB) and malnutrition are still major public health problems in the world. These two clinical conditions can occur simultaneously and create a vicious cycle that worsens TB infection or nutritional status. This case report aims to examine the relationship between low nutritional status (malnutrition) of patients and death due to pulmonary TB. A 31 year old woman came to the pulmonary clinic of a tertiary hospital in Jakarta for her third month of drug-sensitive anti-TB drug (OAT) treatment control. Three months earlier, the patient underwent a rapid diagnostic test (RDT) to determine OAT resistance. The conclusion of her anthropometric examination was body mass index (BMI) of 15.6 kg/m2. Before being diagnosed with pulmonary TB, she always had difficulty gaining weight. During the course of disease, her weight decreased by 5 kg per month. After undergoing treatment for 6 months, the patient was declared complete after 6 months of therapy, without any improvement in nutritional status. At 1 year follow-up, the patient experienced a relapse of pulmonary TB with a BMI of 13.2 kg/m2. She died 2 months after diagnosis of relapse TB. Improvement in clinical complaints and conversion to bacteriological examination are indications of successful therapy, including improvement in nutritional status. To analyze the relationship between malnutrition and pulmonary TB and death, the authors conducted a comprehensive literature search in the journal databases PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus, followed by analysis according to the PRISMA 2020 flowchart, for a prognostic cohort study of cases of death in pulmonary TB patients with malnutrition. There is a relationship between BMI and the risk of death in TB patients. Anthropometric measurements, especially BMI, need to be carried out during every physical examination of pulmonary TB cases.
Keywords: Body mass index; Malnutrition; Mortality; Tuberculosis
Efektivitas Ekstrak Edamame (Glycine Max L. Merril) terhadap Streptococus Mutans pada Kawat Orthodontik Berbahan Nikel Titanium
Authors: Padelia Padelia , Purwanto Purwanto , Putri Leliana Sandra Deviade
Published: November 2023

Tooth movement in Orthodontic is brought about orthodontic archwire, which generate the biomechanical forces, transmit these forces via brackets to bring about tooth movement. Niti wire are the most commonly used in orthodontic treatment. These devices have characteristics that can lead to plaque accumulation. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of edamame extract (Glycine max L. Merril) Against Streptococcus Mutans (S. mutans) on orthodontic Nickel Titanium (NiTi). This study was an in vitro laboratory experimental study with a posttest only control group design. Edamame were extracted using the maceration method using 70% ethanol. NiTi immersed in artificial saliva in order to form pellicles for bacterial adhesion. NiTi that has been formed pellicles are then contaminated with S. mutans bacterial suspension, then cleaning is done by immersing in distilled water and edamame extract (Glycine Max L. Merril) with a concentration of 50, 75 and 100mg/ ml then observation is carried out by counting the number of colonies. with the Total Plate Count (TPC) method. The results showed that the smallest average number of S. mutans colonies was found in the edamame extract concentration of 75 and 100mg/ml. The statistical results showed that there was a significant difference between the 75 mg / ml edamame extract group and the negative control. Edamame extract with concentration of 50 mg/ml is an effective concentration in inhibiting the growth of S.Mutans bacteria.
Comparative Metabolomic and Network Analysis of the Hyperaccumulation of Astaxanthin in Haematococcus pluvialis under the Different Stress Conditions
Authors: Dou Yong , Li Jiayi , Qiao Zhiyi , Zhou Wenli
Published: November 2023

Variation in metabolite profiles of under high salinity and nitrogen constraint conditions are the key issues of study at the present. To investigate the optimum NaCl and NaNO3 concentration and the corresponding metabolic pathways of astaxanthin accumulation in H. pluvialis, a 26-day batch culture experiment of H. pluvialis treated under the variable concentration gradients of NaCl and NaNO3 were conducted. The results indicated that 7.5g•L-1 and nitrogen-deficient were the optimum NaCl and NaNO3 concentration for the astaxanthin accumulation according to single factor experiments respectively, under which the highest contents of astaxanthin accumulated in H. pluvialis reached up to 7.51mg•L-1 and 5.60mg•L-1. A total of 132 metabolites were analysed using LC-MS/MS technique, among which 30 differential metabolites with statistical significance were highlighted. Subsequently, 18 and 10 differential metabolic pathways in the high salinity and nitrogen-deficient treatments with statistic significance were enriched and annotated respectively. Furthermore, the metabolic networks related to the astaxanthin accumulation were constucted based on the crucial pathways and metabolites. Moreover, the major carbon metabolism in H. pluvialis under the high salinity and nitrogen deficient stress were presented, which exhibited the characteristics in the identified metabolites changes under the different stress conditions. The results did not only demonstrate the differential metabolic networks and the distinct changes in the metabolites involved in the major carbon metabolism, related to the astaxanthin accumulation in H. pluvialis under the different stress factors, but provided the regulation targets for astaxanthin production in practice.
О резонансных частотах диэлектрического частично экранированного волновода кругового поперечного сечения
Authors: Абгарян Гарник Владимирович , Abgaryan Garnik Vladimirovich , Шестопалов Юрий Викторович , Shestopalov Yurii Viktorovich , Романов Кирилл Андреевич , Romanov Kirill Andreevich
Published: November 2023

Исследована задача дифракции TE-поляризованной электромагнитной волны на круглом диэлектрическом щелевом резонаторе. С помощью метода интегрально-сумматорных тождеств, который является разновидностью метода частичных областей, краевая задача для уравнения Гельмгольца сведена к бесконечной системе линейных алгебраических уравнений (СЛАУ-2) с фредгольмовым оператором, действующим в гильбертовом пространстве бесконечных последовательностей с весом. В частном случае задачи, который соответствует отсутствию металлической ленты на границе резонатора, из СЛАУ-2 получены известные явные формулы Крамера для расчета неизвестных коэффициентов потенциальной функции электромагнитного поля. На основе вычислительных экспериментов найдены комплексные резонансные частоты, которые являются приближенными значениями собственных частот щелевого резонатора.
Модификация кинетической модели Вильсона-Френкеля и атомистическое моделирование скорости плавления/кристаллизации металлов
Authors: Мажукин Владимир Иванович , Mazhukin Vladimir Ivanovich , Шапранов Александр Викторович , Shapranov Aleksandr Viktorovich , Королeва Ольга Николаевна , Koroleva Ol'ga Nikolaevna , Мажукин Александр Владимирович , Mazhukin Aleksandr Vladimirovich
Published: November 2023

В рамках кинетико-атомистического подхода предложен новый подход к построению температурной зависимости стационарной скорости распространения межфазной границы «твeрдое тело-жидкость» в металлах (алюминий, медь и железо) с различной кристаллографической ориентацией. Рассматриваемый температурный диапазон включает область предельно допустимых значений перегрева/переохлаждения для каждого из металлов. Выполнена существенная модификация известной кинетической модели с диффузионным ограничением Вильсона-Френкеля, которая использовалась для построения функции отклика. Проведено атомистическое моделирование процессов плавления/кристаллизации алюминия, меди и железа в рассматриваемом температурном диапазоне с использованием трех потенциалов взаимодействия семейства потенциалов «погруженного атома». Из сопоставления результатов моделирования с данными модифицированной кинетической модели построена функция отклика скорости интерфейса в области предельно допустимых значений перегрева/переохлаждения в металлах с использованием критерия наименьших квадратов. Использование в расчeтах модифицированной кинетической модели Вильсона-Френкеля существенно увеличивает точность функции отклика в рассматриваемом температурном диапазоне. Полученная температурная зависимость скорости движения межфазной границы является диффузионно-ограниченной и описывается одним и тем же уравнением для каждого металла в рассматриваемом температурном диапазоне.
ANALYSIS OF MESOPLASTIC WASTE COMPOSITION IN TOURISM AREA, MUARA BADAK DISTRICT, KUTAI KARTANEGARA REGENCY, EAST KALIMANTAN
Authors: Nurfadilah Nurfadilah , Eryati Ristiana , Fauzan Akhmad Nur
Published: November 2023

Waste is one of the problems for people all over the world, marine debris can come from community activities from the mainland or from the coast. Most of the activities of coastal communities may produce waste including fishing and tourism activities. Research on plastic waste in the Tourism Beach area of Muara Badak District was conducted to identify the type of mesoplastic, analyze the total weight, density and proportion of mesoplastic and determine differences in mesoplastic. This research was conducted at two tourist beach locations, namely Panrita Lopi Beach and Jingga Beach. The research method used was Purpusive Sampling method with recycling and making transect lines with a size of 100 m × 20 m, followed by dividing the transect into 5 lanes measuring 5 m x 5 m. Four types of mesoplastic were found, namely film, fiber, fragment and styrofoam. The amount of trash found on both beaches was 53 particles with the number of particles on Panrita Lopi Beach as many as 32 particles and Jingga Beach was 21 particles. The results of the composition of the percentage of waste obtained at Panrita Lopi Beach were 50% for fragment types and at Jingga Beach for 71% for filament types. The most common amount of trash found was at Panrita Lopi Beach, this was due to the fact that the number of visitors was greater than that of Pantau Jingga.  The relationship between length and weight of waste at Panrita Lopi Beach was 94% while at Jingga Beach it was 58%.
CORRELATION BETWEEN CADMIUM CONCENTRATION AND TOTAL ORGANIC MATTER IN SEDIMENTS AT TALLO ESTUARY, MAKASSAR CITY, INDONESIA
Authors: Tiri Liana Nayna Putri Rustam , Samawi Muhammad Farid , Jalil Abd Rasyid , Werorilangi Shinta , Umar Widyastuti
Published: November 2023

This study aims to determine the distribution and relationship between the concentration of cadmium metal (Cd) and total organic matter (TOM) in sediments in the Tallo estuary, Makassar City. The study collected sediment samples from 12 points, distance of 500m between points sampling. Furthermore, 12 sediment samples were analyzed for Cd and TOM concentrations in the laboratory. The results of measurements of Cd metal in sediments showed concentrations ranging from 0.001 - 0.037 mg/kg. The concentration of Cd metal found was still in the low category. While the concentration of TOM in sediment ranges from 6.7 -30.3%, indicating a low concentration. The distribution of Cd and TOM showed that the farther from the estuary, the lower the concentration. Based on the results of the regression test, the relationship between Cd and TOM concentrations was 80.1%. This shows that the accumulation of Cd metal in Tallo River sediments is strongly influenced by the concentration of organic matter.
ANALYSIS OF COASTLINE CHANGES IN GORONTALO CITY USING REMOTE SENSING TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Mahua Musdalifah , Kasim Faizal , Pasisingi Nuralim
Published: November 2023

Coastal areas are important for economic activities, but are also vulnerable to environmental changes caused by human activities. The use of remote sensing technology can assist in efficient and accurate monitoring of coastline changes related to the spatial-temporal dynamics of coastlines in local areas, which is needed in the development of effective coastal management strategies. By applying the Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI) method for coastline extraction, the research results show that the addition of coastal areas (accretion) as a dominant process in coastal stability in almost all coastal areas of Gorontalo City during the period 2000-2022, has experienced the significantly accelerated trend during the 2015-2022 period with an increase in the accretion rate of 60.15%. The rate of accretion in this period has caused an increase in the land area of coastal areas by 425.44% compared to the accretion that occurred during the 2000-2015 period. The findings of this research can be used as a basis for further research regarding the impact of human activities on coastal ecosystems and the effectiveness of Gorontalo City's coastal management strategies.
Can Direct Air Capture Deliver?
Authors: Wright Blake
Published: November 2023

Carbon removal is one, if not the, hottest topic in today’s battle over correcting the global course of climate change, and direct air capture (DAC) is the current darling of the carbon removal space.

DAC works to gather CO2 directly from the atmosphere with an engineered system, like how trees absorb CO2 for photosynthesis, only faster and with a smaller, but manmade, overall footprint.

Popular systems use chemical reactions to extract CO2 from the captured air. Once captured, the CO2 is compressed and stored in geological formations deep in the ground, or in some cases, used to produce low-carbon-intensity products like diesel or aviation fuel. The rest of the captured air is returned to the atmosphere.

The Biden administration has put its weight behind the expansion of DAC facilities in the US. The recent Inflation Reduction Act included tax credits for DAC CO2 as well as broadening the eligibility of qualified DAC facilities. It decreases the amount of CO2 capture requirements from 100,000 tonnes per year to just 1,000.

In addition, the US Department of Energy (DOE) recently awarded up to $1.2 billion for a pair of DAC facilities in Texas and Louisiana. Energy Secretary Jennifer Granholm called the award a “once-in-a-generation investment.”

When announced in August 2023, it was the world’s largest investment in engineered carbon removal. The projects—Battelle’s Project Cypress and 1PointFive’s South Texas DAC hub—are expected to eventually remove greater than 250 times more CO2 than the largest DAC facility currently operating.

The US government isn’t the only entity putting their money where their mouth is when it comes to DAC. Some of the most active investors read like a who’s who of the tech industry.

Microsoft has signed on to use Climeworks services and agreed to purchase up to 315,000 metric tons of CO2 removal from Heirloom Carbon Technologies. Climeworks operates a DAC plant in Iceland. It is one of the biggest globally, capturing and storing 36,000 mtpa of CO2. Both Climeworks and Heirloom are partners in Project Cypress.

Climeworks’ estimated $12-million Orca plant came online in September 2021 and is due to capture 4,000 tonnes of CO2 from the air every year—equivalent to the emissions from about 870 cars. The captured CO2 is then mixed with water and injected into basalt rock 1 km underground, where it slowly turns into a solid carbonate mineral over a 2-year period.

Amazon is purchasing 250,000 metric tons of carbon removal credits over a 10-year period from 1PointFive’s $1-billion Stratos DAC project in Ector County, Texas, and investing in CarbonCapture Inc. The DAC investment is part of Amazon’s Climate Pledge to reach net-zero carbon emissions by 2040.

In April, online payment firm Stripe teamed up with Google parent Alphabet, Facebook parent Meta, Shopify, and McKinsey to launch an initiative called Frontier, which plans to purchase $925 million worth of carbon removal by 2030 from carbon removal companies in an effort to advance research and development efforts and lower costs.
Technology Focus: Drilling and Completion Fluids (November 2023)
Authors: Soriano Víctor
Published: November 2023

Today, the industry faces tremendous challenges related to safety, efficiency, sustainability, and socioenvironmental responsibility. At every stage, well-construction projects must be concerned about those aspects to establish measurable barriers for preventing issues. Therefore, drilling and completion fluids are critical for achieving project goals and ensuring operations are executed as planned.

Drilling and completion fluid selection is a complex process in which addressing future downhole conditions for predicting potential problems is vital to eliminating nonproductive time. Conventional deep high-pressure/high-temperature wells in South sub-Andean Bolivia or unconventional long horizontal wells in Argentina are pushing drilling-fluid design to its limits with regard to keeping equivalent circulating density (ECD) as low as possible while preventing formation damage. Paper SPE 211539 describes several successful applications of low ECD organophilic clay-free inverted emulsion fluid in reaching project goals in challenging environments.

On the other hand, constant monitoring of drilling-fluid properties also is necessary. Fluid properties must be monitored so additives can be adjusted to prevent problems. Even though conventional monitoring relies on humans for performing periodic tests, recent technology developments offer a solution for complex drilling operations by allowing continuous real-time monitoring of drilling-fluid properties using sensors and artificial intelligence, as fully described in paper SPE 212443.

Finally, discussion of drilling and completion fluids must mention solids-control equipment. Ensuring that fluid properties are within acceptable ranges without discarding valuable additives is the main objective of any solids-control-equipment arrangement. Things become more complicated when working with low-density drilling fluids, where a comprehensive understanding of solids-removal techniques and their customization for a particular application requires research and laboratory-scale trials, which are rare in the literature.

Paper SPE 212470 provides relevant and novel information through a full-scale test program for solids-control-equipment efficiency optimization focused on treating low-density muds.

Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.

SPE 211509 High-Fluid-Loss Squeeze and Reticulated Foam Lost-Circulation Material Plugs 40,000-Micron Laboratory Simulated Fracture/Vug Opening by Sharath Savari, Halliburton, et al.

SPE 214171 Using Cerium Oxide (6.0 SG) as Weighting Material in HT/HP Drilling Fluids by Gholam Reza Soori, Cahya Mata Oiltools, et al.
A Dynamic Real-Time Optimization Strategy for the Tennessee Eastman Benchmark
Authors: Sahlodin Ali Mohammad , Boozarjomehry Ramin Bozorgmehry , Fakhroleslam Mohammad
Published: November 2023

Conventional real-time optimization (RTO) algorithms provide the steady-state set points at which the process would operate economically. However, the process may suffer from severe transient losses going from the nominal steady state to the optimal one. This may also lead to off-specification production during set point transitions. In this paper, a dynamic RTO strategy accounting for the transient production cost is developed for the Tennessee Eastman process. The economic objective function is defined as the integral of sum of two components over a specified prediction horizon: (i) the transient operating cost and (ii) the cost accrued due to unsalability of the off-specification product during transitions. Furthermore, a predictive model is employed to estimate future process outputs and product quality required to evaluate the objective function and constraints. The results demonstrate significant economic savings (up to 28%) of the proposed strategy over a conventional RTO approach that considers steady-state economics only, especially when the process is subjected to sustained disturbances.
Benefits of Using Tall Wind Turbine Towers in the U.S. Wind-Rich Regions
Authors: Cai Bin , Sritha Sri , Takle Eugene S. , Milliren Chris
Published: November 2023

The wind tower height in the US continues to be between 80 and 90 m. With wind technologies advancing, tall towers are expected to be used more frequently, which will also reduce the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) and increase the profit margin. A previously developed model for estimating energy production is first verified in this paper using measured wind and power generation data from a site in Minnesota. Both the hourly and monthly energy productions are shown to be accurately estimated by the model. To assess the benefits of tall towers, Annual Energy Productions (AEPs) are then estimated at different hub heights for multiple sites using simulated wind data from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Results are compared with those obtained from the measured data to confirm the accuracy of the simulated data in predicting AEPs. It is further demonstrated that (1) with a 20-m increase in hub height, the AEP increases by 11% on average, and (2) the LCOE reduces as hub height increases. By combining future turbine technologies with tall towers, it is shown that the LCOE of wind power can be lowered by about 23%, and the profit margin can be increased by more than 40%.
Global Ranking of the Sensitivity of Interaction Potential Contributions within Classical Molecular Dynamics Force Fields
Authors: Coveney Peter , Edeling Wouter , Vassaux Maxime , Yang Yiming , Wan Shunzhou , Guillas Serge
Published: November 2023

Uncertainty quantification (UQ) is rapidly becoming a sine qua non for all forms of computational science out of which actionable outcomes are anticipated. However, much of the microscopic world of atoms and molecules has seemingly remained immune to these developments, and due to the fundamental problems of reproducibility and reliability, it is essential that practitioners do pay attention to the issues concerned. Here a UQ study is undertaken of classical molecular dynamics with a particular focus on uncertainties in the high-dimensional force-field parameters, which affect key quantities of interest, including material properties and binding free energy predictions in drug discovery and personalized medicine. Using scalable UQ methods based on active subspaces that invoke machine learning and Gaussian processes, the sensitivity of the input parameters is ranked. The analyses reveal that the prediction uncertainty is dominated by a small number of the hundreds of interaction potential parameters within the force fields employed. This ranking is of immediate scientific interest as it highlights what forms of interaction control the prediction uncertainty, and enables systematic improvements to be made in future optimizations of such parameters.
Unaccounted natural vegetation loss in Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Messias Cassiano , Almeida Claudio , Silva Daniel , Soler Luciana , Maurano Luiz , Camilotti Vagner , Alves Fábio , Silva Libério , Lima Thiago , Renó Vivian , Correia-Lima Deborah , Belluzzo Amanda , Quadros Camila , Barradas Delmina , Moraes Douglas , Bastos Eduardo Marcelino , Cunha Igor , Souza Jefferson , Barros Lucélia , Gusmão Luiz , de Almeida Rodrigo , Moraes Dayane , Silva Diego , Chrispim Eduardo , Neto Manoel Rodrigues , Matos Marlon , Moreira Noeli , Teixeira Raíssa Caroline Dos Santos , Alves Gabriel , Andrade Ana Carolina , Perez Letícia , Reis Mariane , Bento Bruna , Filho Hugo Castro , Santos Igor , Araújo Liliane , Matias Maira , Silva Murilo , Pinheiro Fábio , Carvalho André , Xaud Haron , Xaud Maristela , Matos Ana Paula , Baumann Luis , Silva Elaine , Ferreira Laerte , Pinto João , Adami Marcos
Published: November 2023

Deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon has been monitored since 1988 by the Brazilian Amazon Satellite Monitoring Program (PRODES Amazonia), and its data has been pivotal in guiding environmental public policies in the country. While forest formations are officially supported by a monitoring program, a significant portion of the Amazon biome (6.6 % or ~280,000 km²) constituted by non-forest (NF) phytophysiognomies (e.g., savanna, grasslands, flood lands) are still unmonitored. To address this information gap, the PRODES NF system was built. First findings based on PRODES NF monitoring indicate that the Brazilian Amazon lost 10.46% (~30,000 km²) of NF area, mostly in the last two decades. The states of Mato Grosso, Roraima and Amapá emerged as the primary hotspots of losses. Among the phytophysiognomies, savannas were the most affected. A strong correlation between NF loss and deforestation was revealed in the Amazon biome, with no statistical differences in terms of relative area, suggesting a continuum of vegetation loss along this biome that does not discriminate between forest and non-forest. Finally, PRODES Amazonia and PRODES NF together provide relevant official data that sum up a total of vegetation loss of ~798.000 km² in the Brazilian Amazon (~19% of the entire biome).
Improvement of the Oxidation Stability of Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel Using Natural Antioxidants
Authors: Kongolo Emmanuel , Jager Debbie D , Ameh Alechine E , Oyekola Oluwaseun O.
Published: November 2023

Oxidation degradation is one of the primary obstacles hindering the commercialization of biodiesel, which has been established as a viable alternative to diesel derived from fossil fuels. In the present study, the Rancimat method is employed to determine the efficacy of three natural antioxidants, vitamins A, C, and E, in enhancing the oxidation stability of biodiesel produced from waste cooking oil (WCO). At a concentration of 1000 ppm, the selected antioxidants improved the oxidation stability of biodiesel. Vitamin C improved the WCO biodiesel induction period (IP) from 0.79 to 7 hours most effectively. This is due to the low bond dissociation energy (BDE, 318.5 kJ/mol), the low molecular weight (Mw, 176.16 g/mol), and the formation of acetyl palmitate, which is known to possess antioxidant properties in oils. When antioxidants A and C (IP = 12.9 hours) and antioxidants C and E (IP = 7 hours) were combined in a ratio of 1:1, they were more effective. The combination of A and E negatively affected the oxidation stability of WCO biodiesel, resulting in an induction period of 0.33 hours. Herein, the present research has demonstrated that the utilisation of antioxidant C, either alone or in conjunction with other natural antioxidants, exerts a favourable impact on the oxidative stability of WCO biodiesel.
A case of tongue swelling after S-1, oxaliplatin and trastuzumab for HER2-positive gastric cancer
Authors: abe taichi , Sumiya Tatsuya , Tsuji Ayaka , Hanai Izumi , Otomo Yukiko , Yamamoto Takae , Iguchi Emiko
Published: November 2023

Background
We report a case of a patient with HER2-positive gastric cancer with marked tongue swelling during the second cycle of S-1 and oxaliplatin, trastuzumab.
Case Presentation:
The patient was a 74-year-old male, who was taking ARB for pre-existing hypertension, no history of allergies, diagnosed with HER2-positive gastric cancer, treated with S-1 and oxaliplatin for the first cycle, and trastuzumab was added from the second cycle. Three weeks after initiation, during an outpatient visit, grade 2 oral mucositis and significant enlargement of the patient's tongue were observed. Due to the risk of airway obstruction, the patient was referred to an otolaryngologist. After examination, hereditary angioedema was ruled out, and treatment was discontinued in view of ARB-induced angioedema. However, the tongue swelling did not improve markedly. Considering disease progression due to the discontinuation of chemotherapy, it was decided to change S-1 to capecitabine and continue treatment, and chemotherapy was continued.
Conclusions
Angioedema has been reported to be hereditary and drug-related, and ACE inhibitors and ARBs have also been reported as drug-related. Since the patient had oral mucositis at the time of onset and was taking an ARB, it is thought that SOX and trastuzumab during ARB therapy-induced oral mucositis, leading to the development of angioedema.
EPB41L4A-AS1 modulates Aβ clearance by regulating autophagy-related gene expression
Authors: wang ziqiang , Wang Ruomei , Niu Lixin , Zhou Xiaoyan , Han Jinxiang , Li Kun
Published: November 2023

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the deposition of β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques. Aβ is generated from the cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein by β and γ-secretases and cleared by neuroglial cells mediated autophagy. The imbalance of the intracellular Aβ generation and clearance is the causative factor for AD pathogenesis. However, the exact underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Our previous study reported that EPB41L4A-AS1 is an aging-related long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) that is repressed in patients with AD. In this study, we found that downregulated EPB41L4A-AS1 in AD inhibited neuroglial cells mediated-Aβ clearance by decreasing the expression levels of multiple autophagy-related genes. We found that EPB41L4A-AS1 regulates the expression of general control of amino acid synthesis 5-like 2, an important histone acetyltransferase, thus affecting histone acetylation, crotonylation, and lactylation near the transcription start site of autophagy-related genes, ultimately influencing their transcription. Collectively, this study reveals EPB41L4A-AS1 as an AD-related lncRNA via mediating Aβ clearance and provides insights into the epigenetic regulatory mechanism of EPB41L4A-AS1 in gene expression and AD pathogenesis.