bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CycloZ Improves Hyperglycemia and Lipid Metabolism by Modulating Lysine Acetylation in KK-Ay Mice
Authors: Jeon Jongsu , Lee Dohyun , Kim Bobae , Park Bo-Yoon , Oh Chang Joo , Kim Min-Ji , Jeon Jae-Han , Lee In-Kyu , Park Onyu , Baek Seoyeong , Lim Chae Won , Ryu Dongryeol , Fang Sungsoon , Auwerx Johan , Kim Kyong-Tai , Jung Hoe-Yune
Published: April 2023

Background: CycloZ, a combination of cyclo-His-Pro and zinc, has anti-diabetic activity. However, its exact mode of action remains to be elucidated.Methods: KK-Ay mice, a type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) model, were administered CycloZ either as a preventive intervention, or as a therapy. Glycemic control was evaluated using the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. Liver and visceral adipose tissues (VATs) were used for histological evaluation, gene expression analysis, and protein expression analysis.Results: CycloZ administration improved glycemic control in KK-Ay mice in both prophylactic and therapeutic studies. Lysine acetylation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha, liver kinase B1, and nuclear factor-κB p65 was decreased in the liver and VATs in CycloZ-treated mice. In addition, CycloZ treatment improved mitochondrial function, lipid oxidation, and inflammation in the liver and VATs of mice. CycloZ treatment also increased the level of β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), which affected the activity of deacetylases, such as sirtuin 1 (Sirt1).Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the beneficial effects of CycloZ on diabetes and obesity occur through increased NAD+ synthesis, which modulates Sirt1 deacetylase activity in the liver and VATs. Given that the mode of action of an NAD+ booster or Sirt1 deacetylase activator is different from that of traditional T2DM drugs, CycloZ would be considered a novel therapeutic option for the treatment of T2DM.
The Efficacy of Multi-Leaf Collimator in the Reduction of Cardiac and Coronary Artery Dose in Left-Sided Breast Cancer Radiotherapy
Authors: Mahani Leili , Kazemzadeh Arezoo , Saeb Mohsen , Kianinia Mahsa , Akhavan Ali
Published: April 2023

Background:

Multi-leaf collimator (MLC) is one of the efficient and cost-effective methods for protecting sensitive tissues around the target. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of MLC on the protection of sensitive organs in patients with left breast cancer.

Materials and Methods:

This study was performed on computed tomography (CT) scans of 45 patients with left breast cancer. Two treatment plans were completed for each patient. Only the heart and left lung were considered organs at risk in the first treatment plan, and in the second treatment plan, the left anterior descending artery (LAD) was also considered the organ at risk. It was covered as much as possible by the MLC. Dosimetric results of tumor and organ at risk (OARs) were extracted from the dose-volume histogram and compared.

Results:

The results showed that more LAD coverage by MLC leads to a significant reduction in the mean dose of OARs (P-value <0.05). The mean dose for heart, LAD, and left lung decreased by 11%, 7.4%, and 4.9%, respectively. The values of V5 (volume received the dose of 5 Gy) and V20 for the lung, V10, V25, and V30 for LAD, and V5, V20, V25, and V30 for the heart also decreased significantly (P-value <0.05).

Conclusions:

In general, better protection of LAD, heart, and lungs can be achieved by maximal shielding organs at risk by MLC in radiation therapy for patients with left breast cancer.
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma of Cauda Equina: A Diagnostic Conundrum: Case Report
Authors: Misra Pranati , Panigrahi Ranjita , Pradhan Prita , Pothal Debashis , Senapati Urmila , Das Narendra K.
Published: April 2023

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is uncommon with scarce cases having involvement of the spinal cord. Cauda equina is unique in its location and shows very rare involvement by diseases pathologies. When the same occur, they pose a lot of diagnostic difficulties as the location is difficult to access with overlapping radiologic abnormalities. It is an unusual location for lymphomas to occur with only few cases reported in literature. The cauda equina lymphomas may mimic other entities which occur at that site. Histopathology is the gold standard for the same. Here, we report an unusual case of cauda equina lymphoma mimicking a myxopapillary ependymoma in a 50-year-old male.
Management of pulmonary nodules in women with pregnant intention: A review with perspective
Authors: Zhang Jiaqi , Tang Kun , Liu Lei , Guo Chao , Zhao Ke , Li Shanqing
Published: April 2023

The process for the management of pulmonary nodules in women with pregnant intention remains a challenge. There was a certain proportion of targeted female patients with high-risk lung cancer, and anxiety for suspicious lung cancer in early stage also exists. A comprehensive review of hereditary of lung cancer, effects of sexual hormone on lung cancer, natural history of pulmonary nodules, and computed tomography imaging with radiation exposure based on PubMed search was completed. The heredity of lung cancer and effects of sexual hormone on lung cancer are not the decisive factors, and the natural history of pulmonary nodules and the radiation exposure of imaging should be the main concerns. The management of incidental pulmonary nodules in young women with pregnant intention is an intricate and indecisive problem we have to encounter. The balance between the natural history of pulmonary nodules and the radiation exposure of imaging should be weighed.
The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospital admissions and outpatient visits in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Habbous Steven , Lambrinos Anna , Petersen Stephen , Hellsten Erik
Published: April 2023

INTRODUCTION:

The wave-over-wave effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospital visits for non-COVID-19-related diagnoses in Ontario, Canada remains unknown.

METHODS:

We compared the rates of acute care hospitalizations (Discharge Abstract Database), emergency department (ED) visits, and day surgery visits (National Ambulatory Care Reporting System) during the first five “waves” of Ontario’s COVID-19 pandemic with prepandemic rates (since January 1, 2017) across a spectrum of diagnostic classifications.

RESULTS:

Patients admitted in the COVID-19 era were less likely to reside in long-term-care facilities (OR 0.68 [0.67–0.69]), more likely to reside in supportive housing (OR 1.66 [1.63–1.68]), arrive by ambulance (OR 1.20 [1.20–1.21]) or be admitted urgently (OR 1.10 [1.09–1.11]). Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic (February 26, 2020), there were an estimated 124,987 fewer emergency admissions than expected based on prepandemic seasonal trends, representing reductions from baseline of 14% during Wave 1, 10.1% in Wave 2, 4.6% in Wave 3, 2.4% in Wave 4, and 10% in Wave 5. There were 27,616 fewer medical admissions to acute care, 82,193 fewer surgical admissions, 2,018,816 fewer ED visits, and 667,919 fewer day-surgery visits than expected. Volumes declined below expected rates for most diagnosis groups, with emergency admissions and ED visits associated with respiratory disorders exhibiting the greatest reduction; mental health and addictions was a notable exception, where admissions to acute care following Wave 2 increased above prepandemic levels.

CONCLUSIONS:

Hospital visits across all diagnostic categories and visit types were reduced at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario, followed by varying degrees of recovery.
The prevalence of rapid eye movement-related obstructive sleep apnea in a sample of Saudi population
Authors: Qanash Sultan , Mufti Hani , Alhejaili Faris , Al-Husayni Faisal , Bukhari Ghufran , Bazhair Shatha , Alansari Ghadi , Aldeibani Alaa , Balkhi Dimah , Alhjrsy Yara , Albadani Shahad , Alamoudi Malak , Wali Siraj
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of rapid eye movement-related obstructive sleep apnea (REMrOSA) using common definitions.

METHODS:

This was a retrospective cohort study that used three sets of criteria to identify patients with REMrOSA. These criteria were defined as strict, intermediate, and lenient depending on the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), AHI during REM sleep/(AHI during non-REM sleep [NREM-AHI]), NREM-AHI and REM duration.

RESULTS:

The study included 609 patients with OSA and full sleep study. The prevalence of REMrOSA was 26%, 33%, and 52% using the strict, intermediate, and lenient criteria, respectively. There were no differences in the patients’ general and demographic characteristics between the different groups of the three definitions. REMrOSA patients were more likely to be younger females than non-REMrOSA (NREMrOSA) patients. Comorbidities were more frequent in the REMrOSA group compared to NREMrOSA when using strict and intermediate definitions. In contrast, AHI, mean O2 saturation, and time spent <90% O2 saturation were significantly worse during NREMrOSA compared to REMrOSA, regardless of the criteria used. Our study reported higher AHI, lower mean oxygen saturation, lower minimum oxygen saturation, and longer time of desaturation during REMrOSA when lenient definition was used compared to when strict and intermediate definitions were used.

CONCLUSIONS:

REMrOSA is a common condition with a prevalence ranging between 26% and 52% depending on what definition is applied. Although OSA tends to be more severe with lenient definition, however, the clinical and polysomnographic features were similar among REMrOSA groups regardless of the definition used.
Knowledge and Attitude of Nurses on Organ Donation in Western India
Authors: John Priyadarsini
Published: April 2023

Background:

Organ donation (OD) is a boon for patients suffering from end stage organ failure. Globally, there is an acute shortage of organs for transplantation and this is further accentuated in India. Nursing professionals can play a crucial role in identification, education, and motivation of potential donors, thereby enhancing the rate of OD. There is a dearth of studies on knowledge and attitude with regard to OD among nurses in India.

Objectives:

The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge and attitude of nurses on OD. A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among 509 nurses working in reputed hospitals of a metropolitan city. A self-reported copyrighted questionnaire on knowledge and attitude was administered.

Results:

Majority of the participants were women. The mean age of the participants was 28.14 ± 7.73. A substantive number (49.7%) were found to have inadequate knowledge and 43% had moderately adequate knowledge. Mean knowledge score was 18.19 and standard deviation 5.11797. of the population studied, 89.4% had a favourable attitude and 10.6% had a highly favourable attitude towards OD. Nurses scored an average of 15 (minimum 9.44 and maximum 23.66) against a total possible score of 24. Statistically significant correlation r = 0.510 (P < 0.01) was evident between knowledge and attitude of the nurses toward OD.

Conclusion:

Conscious effort to augment nurses through regular in-service education to enhance their knowledge and attitude and include these in the nursing curriculum is imperative so that the emerging nurses are well equipped to address the issues around organ transplantation.
Effect of a School-Based Interventional Package on the Cardiovascular Risk of Adolescents
Authors: Premala Deepa , Reghunath Rajee
Published: April 2023

Background:

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the number one cause of death globally. Several risk factors are associated with CVDs evident in childhood through adolescence. The major metabolic risk factors include high blood pressure (BP), increased body mass index (BMI), raised blood glucose, raised blood lipids and increased waist circumference (WC). Physical activity, diet, BP, WC, obesity and cardiovascular fitness are the risk factors that can be measured non invasively among adolescents. The identification of these risk factors in adolescents can enable healthcare providers to initiate interventions to reduce the risk and help adolescents to move forward to healthier adulthood in the future.

Objectives:

The objectives of the present study were to assess the cardiovascular risk of adolescents and to evaluate the effect of a school based interventional package on the cardiovascular risk for adolescents with high cardiovascular risk.

Methods:

The study was conducted in two phases. Phase I adopted a descriptive design and Phase II adopted a quasi experimental non equivalent control group before and after design. It was conducted in four schools among 401 adolescents aged 10–14 years and their mothers who have given signed consent. The sociodemographic data sheet and the 24 h recall of the adolescents were completed by the mothers. The adolescents completed a physical activity questionnaire child The Physical activity questionnaire for older children and the tobacco, alcohol and drug questionnaire in their classroom. The height, weight, BP and WC were measured as per standard procedures. The 20 m shuttle run was conducted to assess their cardiovascular fitness and levels and shuttles obtained by the adolescents were recorded and graded. The BMI was calculated. The adolescents (n = 31) with the highest risk scores in the experimental schools underwent a school based interventional package. The control group (n = 30) did not have any intervention. The post tests were conducted on the last day of the 8th and 16th weeks using the cardiovascular risk scale.

Results:

The mean score for cardiovascular risk was 14.35 with a standard deviation of 3.23. There was a statistically significant difference in the cardiovascular risk scores of the adolescents between the control and experimental group in post test 1 (t = 5.69; P = 0.001) at the 8th week and post test 2 (t = 11.61; P = 0.001) at the 16th week. Hence, it can be concluded that a school lbased interventional package elicited a reduction in cardiovascular risk among adolescents.

Conclusion:

Nurses, particularly school health nurses, can play a pivotal role in encouraging cardiovascular risk surveillance programmes among adolescents in school and to conduct multi component interventional programmes including education, physical activity and diet.
Prevalence of different sleep problems in patients with respiratory diseases presented to a respiratory outdoor clinic
Authors: Halder Arup Kumar , Chatterjee Arpita Halder
Published: April 2023

Introduction:

A patient with compromised respiratory system due to some diseases, may have disturbed sleep to a great extent. It has been proved in various community based epidemiologic studies. Though most of such studies available had concentrated on single respiratory disease like Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) or Asthma in the community. But such studies are hardly available for patients attending a respiratory clinic, where all respiratory ailments were evaluated with concurrent sleep problems. The present study is one such.

Methods:

Total 163 patients were screened and among them 100 were selected as the study group. The patients were enquired with a standard questionnaire provided to them. In addition, they were given separate questionnaire as STOP BANG, Insomnia Severity Index Score, RLS questionnaire. Those persons with STOP BANG > 5, were also advised for a polysomnography (PSG), if not already done. Descriptive statistical analysis has been carried out in the present study.

Results:

The present study is a cross-sectional depiction of relationships between various respiratory diseases and sleep problems. As per this study, most patients were asthmatic and commonest sleep problem was OSA. A subgroup analysis was done to determine the significance of difference of various parameters between the three groups of asthmatic patients, patients having COPD and the “Other” group.

Discussion:

Subjective sleep problems were significantly more in Asthma group than COPD group (P < 0.0362). The mean STOP BANG was more in COPD group than the Asthma group (P < 0.0301). Though OSA was the commonest sleep problem between the three groups, but the prevalence was not statistically significant between them. More patients in the COPD group had insomnia, but it was not statistically significantly more than in Asthma group. Sleeping pill use was significantly more in COPD group than the Asthma group (P < 0.0039).

Conclusion:

Sleep problems are common in patients with respiratory diseases and OSA is the most common problem according to the present study. Asthma patients had more subjective sleep problems. Sleeping pill use was more common in COPD patients instead of having less subjective sleep complaints than asthma patients.
A rare case of opaque hemithorax
Authors: Kumar Vikas , Rath Amit Kumar , Kar Avishek , De Sajal
Published: April 2023

Opaque hemithorax itself presents a plethora of causes. The physicians often mistook opaque hemithorax as massive pleural effusion. But rare causes of opaque hemithorax should also be explored. Hydatidosis is one of the rare causes of opaque hemithorax. Hydatidosis remains the endemic disease in some regions of the world. The liver and the lungs are the most affected sites in adults. Very few cases have been described in literature regarding hydatid cysts presenting as opaque hemithorax. A 20-year-old nonsmoker male admitted in our hospital with complaints of shortness of breath and cough for the last 1 year. Chest x-ray was suggestive of left opaque hemithorax with contralateral mediastinal shift. Ultrasonography of the chest revealed multiple anechoic cystic lesions of varying size. Computed tomography chest suggested the presence of multiple multiloculated cystic lesions in the entire left hemithorax. Transthoracic needle aspiration fluid cytology gave the suspicion of parasitic cyst. On further workup, the hydatid serology was found to be positive. Our patient presented with opaque hemithorax, and further workup leads us to the diagnosis of pulmonary hydatidosis.
Expert opinion on the role of bilastine and bilastine-montelukast combination in the management of allergic rhinitis
Authors: Jain Subir , Verma Sarika , Balamurugan Santhalingam , Reddy K.R. Bharath Kumar , Christopher D.J.
Published: April 2023

In India, the burden of allergic rhinitis (AR) is enormous, comprising 55% of all patients with allergies. Intranasal corticosteroids are the recommended first-line therapy for patients with moderate-to-severe AR, particularly when nasal congestion is the predominant symptom. However, second-generation antihistamines are the first line of treatment in mild AR and effectively improve symptoms, such as sneezing, itching, and rhinorrhoea. Bilastine is a second-generation H1-antihistamine indicated for the symptomatic treatment of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis in adults and adolescents over 12 years of age. Though it is an effective individual molecule for the management of AR, studies have shown that synergistic combination therapy of bilastine-montelukast has a dual action on early- and late-phase allergic reactions in AR patients with concomitant asthma. An advisory board meeting was conducted (on a virtual platform) to gain insights from Indian experts on the following: (i) burden of AR and AR with concomitant asthma in Indian settings; (ii) current unmet needs; and (iii) role and positioning of bilastine and bilastine plus montelukast combination in the management of AR and AR with concomitant asthma in adults and adolescents over 12 years of age. The experts shared their opinions based on the available scientific evidence and/or clinical expertise or experience. In this article, we have summarized the highlights of the expert panel discussion and available evidence for each of these topics.
Metaphorical Change In Cognition: On The Verge Of Rationality
Authors: Rybarkiewicz Dorota
Published: April 2023

Some changes in the environment, when attended to, result in cognitive response which may be called thinking with change. Thinking with change is similar to the “algorithm of sense detection” of metaphors. In fact, the interpretation of any kind of metaphor is framed by the general human mechanism of dealing with a change. Therefore an interpreted (meaningful) change is here called metaphorical. The first part clarifies the concepts of change and metaphor. The second part provides the characteristics of metaphorical changes. Finally, we try to answer the question if metaphorical thinking with change is rational. Metaforyczne zmiany poznawcze: na krawędzi racjonalności Rozważania podjęte w niniejszym artykule wyrastają ze spostrzeżenia, że: (1) niektóre zmiany w otoczeniu, kiedy zostały zauważone, wzbudzają pewną odpowiedź kognitywną, którą nazwać można myśleniem zmianą i (2) owo myślenie zmianą odbywa się na wzór myślenia metaforycznego. Zatem znalezienie sensu zmiany przebiega podobnie jak znalezienie sensu nowej, świeżej metafory. W rzeczywistości jednak to interpretowanie metafory odbywa się zgodnie z kanonem myślenia inicjowanego zmianą. Najpierw przedstawiona zostanie bardzo skrótowo pewna teoria metafory. Zmiana, która uzyskała sens nazywana będzie dalej zmianą metaforyczną. Pierwsza część zawiera wyjaśnienia sposobu rozumienia obu kluczowych terminów: zmiany oraz metafory. Druga ma na celu ukazanie, jakie zmiany w otoczeniu są metaforyczne oraz zarysowanie koncepcji, w ramach której można opisać zmiany metaforyczne jako proces poznawczy. W końcu, postaram się odpowiedzieć na pytanie, czy myślenie zmianą jest racjonalne.
Nature and intrinsic value
Authors: Francuz Grzegorz
Published: April 2023

Questions about the intrinsic value of nature are not only an abstract philosophical speculation, they have a practical meaning, can inspire and motivate people to act. Environmental ethics attempts to overcome the anthropocentric and personalistic attitude of traditional ethics. It emphasizes the intrinsic value of nature, value, which is independent from humans. Within non-anthropocentric environmental ethics there are individualistic and holistic trends. Biocentric individualism raises problems with resolving conflicts of interests of different organisms, with the hierarchy of beings, while holistic ethics does not count with the well-being of individuals. Ethical holism should be contrasted with practical holism as a methodological postulate. The pragmatic current of ecological ethics acknowledges that the good of people and the intrinsic good of nature coincide. In a pluralistic, liberal society there should be a convergence of radical, biocentric and moderate, anthropocentric concepts of ecological ethics.
Relacja rotalna i obszar pusty jako narzędzie rozstrzygania o ważności trybów tradycyjnego sylogizmu na przykładzie wybranych trybów figury trzeciej
Authors: Pietryga Anna
Published: April 2023

Tradycyjna sylogistyka proponuje wysnuwanie wniosku o relacji między dwoma zbiorami z dwóch przesłanek kategorycznych, z których każda stwierdza coś o relacji łączącejjeden z tych zbiorów z trzecim (którego nazwa stanowi tzw. termin średni).

Od średniowiecza znana jest metoda sprawdzania poprawności formalnej sylogizmu na podstawie wnikliwej oceny jego składni, a od XIX wieku również metoda graficznego przedstawiania przesłanek na diagramie Venna dla trzech zbiorów, których wzajemne relacje stanowią temat sylogizmu. W diagramie tym pewną trudność stanowi pojawiająca się w wielu przypadkach niepusta suma obszarów.

W przedstawianym artykule proponuje się nową metodę przedstawienia przesłanek sylogizmu, polegającą na prezentacji obszarów, w których mogą lub muszą według przesłanek znajdować się elementy zbiorów, i tych obszarów, które z pewnością są puste. W szczególności dla niepustej sumy obszarów proponuje się wykorzystanie relacji rotalnej między dwoma obszarami tworzącymi niepustą sumę i możliwe ujednoznacznienie tej relacji przez wskazany w przesłance pusty obszar diagramu.

Rotal relation and an empty region as a tool for deciding the validity of traditional sylogism moods as exemplified by selected third figure ones

Traditional syllogistics sugests inferring a result about the binary relation between sets from the two categorical premisses each of which state something about a relation between one of them to a third set (whose name is called the middle term).

Since the Middle Ages it is known how to check the formal correctness of a syllogism by the detailed analysis of its syntax, and since the 19th century also how to present the premisses graphically on the Venn diagram for three sets, whose mutual binary relations consttute the subject of syllogistics. The non-empty sum of subregions is sometimes not very comfortable to deal with.

In the paper a new method is described for presenting syllogisms premisses, which consists in indicating the subregions, in which the premisses say some elements may or have to be located and those subregions which are announced empty. In particular, for the non-empty sum of two regions the rhotal relation is suggested together with the the possible corresponding empty region, had it been suitably indicated by one ot he premisses.
Czy filozofia jest w stanie zastąpić religię? Filozofie nadziei radykalnej od Nietzschego po Meillassoux
Authors: Lorenc Włodzimierz
Published: April 2023

Nadzieja radykalna to nadzieja obecna dotąd w dyskursie religijnym. Począwszy od Nietzschego tematyka ta zaczęła się również pojawiać w dyskursie filozoficznym. Punktem wyjścia artykułu jest myśl Ernesta Blocha, który uczynił z nadziei centralną kwestię rozważań filozoficznych, choć nie udało mu się rozwinięcie tej idei. W tym względzie pierwszeństwo przypada Nietzschemu, który dążył do złączenia filozofii z problematyką nadziei. Ostatnim filozofem, którego poglądy zostaną wzięte pod uwagę jest Quentin Meillassoux, dążący w ostatnich latach do filozoficznego podtrzymania nadziej dotąd kojarzącej się z religią. Punktem docelowym rozważań, oprócz próby oceny propozycji każdego ze wspomnianych filozofów, jest sformułowanie wniosków odnoszących się do konsekwencji pojawienia się problematyki nadziei radykalnej na gruncie filozofii. Wskażę na sposób współczesnego filozofowania, który zdaje się otwierać szanse na powiązanie tej problematyki z filozofią.

Can Philosophy substitute for religion? Philosophies of Radical Hope from Nietzsche to Meillassoux

Radical hope is hope that could be found in religious discourse. Starting from Nietzsche, the concept entered also philosophical discourse. The article takes as its starting point the thought of Ernest Bloch, who placed hope at the center of philosophical thought, although, he was not able to develop the idea. In this respect, priority should be given to Nietzsche, whose views were taken up by Quentin Meillasoux, who has been aiming to philosophically uphold hope that has been usually associated with religion. The end point of the present deliberation, in addition to an attempt at evaluating the abovementioned philosophers’ propositions, is formulation conclusions concerning the consequences of the appearance of the problematics of radical hope in the field of philosophy. I will point to a way of contemporary practice of philosophy, which appears to open up opportunities to tie in this problematics with philosophy.
Protection and Repatriation of Cultural Heritage – Country Report: Indonesia
Authors: Smith Emiline , Ristiawan Rucitarahma , Sudarmadi Tular
Published: April 2023

This article provides a broad overview of Indonesia’s current post-independence legislation and practice with respect to cultural heritage protection and repatriation. We highlight several challenges that hamper the effective implementation and enforcement of this framework, particularly in relation to repatriation processes of foreign-held cultural objects. We furthermore explore how the State-centric discourse that surrounds Indonesia’s cultural heritage protection and repatriation policies impede locally-led activism related to cultural heritage, particularly in relation to value production and sense of ownership. Overall, we highlight the importance of co-creation in knowledge production processes and crime-prevention methods concerning cultural heritage to maximize effectiveness. Agency, access, and ownership were violently removed through the colonial looting of Indonesian cultural heritage, so the first step towards restorative justice should be reinstating this to the communities of origin, or to the Indonesian government when the rightful origin community cannot be identified. This concerns not only the cultural objects themselves, but also their digital and physical lives, i.e. the knowledge and expertise created based on these objects.
The Protection, Ownership, and Return of Cultural Property: A Surinamese Law Perspective
Authors: Rostam Nadia
Published: April 2023

This article explores the ownership of cultural objects within national and traditional customary law in Suriname, with the aim to provide a legal context to the issue of claims for the return of some of these cultural objects from the Netherlands. The discussion of the legal regime for exporting cultural objects examines the National Ordinance of 1952 on Provisions for the Preservation of Objects with Historical, Cultural, and Scientific Value; the Movement of Goods Act of 2003; and the Monuments Act of 2002, which protects immovable objects, objects of archaeological excavations, and discoveries. This is followed by a short overview of the legal regime relating to the ownership of cultural property under the Surinamese Civil Code. Next this article outlines the property law of cultural objects under customary laws of Indigenous and Tribal communities in Suriname and how these may be included in the Draft Civil Code and the Draft Legislation on Rules Concerning the Collective Land Rights of Indigenous and Tribal Peoples. The article concludes that neither the existing legal framework nor the draft legislation provide answers on dealing with cultural objects acquired in a colonial context and the possible repatriation of such objects.
Colonial-Looted Cultural Objects in England
Authors: Bursey Lauren
Published: April 2023

This article provides an overview of the state of legislation and the efforts toward the repatriation of colonial-looted cultural objects in England. It discusses the National Heritage Act, Charities Act, and general trust rules which make it challenging to deaccession any objects from museums in the United Kingdom, including and especially colonial-looted objects. It highlights how the UK’s former period of colonization resulted in vast holdings from these territories, but that the UK has yet to create a comprehensive policy on repatriation, despite numerous calls for return of several famous heritage objects, including the Maqdala treasures and the Benin Bronzes. This article sketches the powers of the current possessors – namely national, regional, and university museums. Finally, the article considers the many updates in the conversation surrounding colonial repatriation in 2022, from the debate at the House of Lords to potential changes to the National Heritage Act to the new Charities Act to the publication of Arts Council England’s guidelines for museums on restitution and repatriation.
Model oceniania wspierającego uczenie się i rozwój. Konteksty praktyczne i teoretyczne
Authors: Pauluk Dorota
Published: April 2023

Książkę Doroty Pauluk wyróżnia sposób ujęcia problematyki oraz jej charakter. Monografia wymyka się ustalonym formom opracowań naukowych. Kluczem, który został tutaj wykorzystany, był przyjęty cel - krytyka tradycyjnego oceniania oraz prezentacja oceniania wspierającego uczenie się i rozwój. To pozycja bardzo ważna i potrzebna z racji podjętej tematyki oraz formy nadanej jej przez Autorkę. Wypełnia ona istotną lukę w literaturze przedmiotu - łączy wyrafinowaną, hermetyczną rozprawę przeznaczoną dla wąskiego grona specjalistów z opracowaniem metodycznym. Pomysł, by sięgnąć po rozwiązanie z makropraktyki, okazuje się znakomity. Nauczyciele raczej stronią od teorii, a jednocześnie bardzo wielu z nich ma duży dystans do propozycji oferowanych przez metodykę. Ci przekonani do refleksyjnej praktyki z całą pewnością znajdą w tej książce źródła inspiracji oraz uzasadnienia rozwiązań, które dyktuje im intuicja. Grono adresatów tej publikacji wydaje się bardzo szerokie. Tworzą go nauczyciele szkół wszystkich poziomów i typów. Będzie to także cenna lektura dla studentów pedagogiki oraz kandydatów na nauczycieli. Sądzę, że opracowanie zainteresuje wielu badaczy poszukujących inspiracji dla własnych projektów. Tym bardziej że uważna lektura książki Doroty Pauluk skłania do refleksji oraz otwiera pola nowych poszukiwań z dziedziny sztuki oceniania. Z recenzji prof. dra hab. Henryka Mizerka
Like in a Drop of Water: colloquial Cuban Spanish in just one Joke
Authors: Sadikov A. V.
Published: April 2023

Cuban Spanish, its colloquial variety included, is quite a peculiar, perhaps a unique phenomenon. Fruit of the unique history of the Cuban ethnic community, the Cuban colloquial speech has become an amalgam of imprints of many languages, as well as of a host of ethnic and religious traditions. Here, as nowhere else in the Western Hemisphere, with the exception, perhaps, of Brazil, the African heritage stayed very much alive and came afloat first in the language of the Afro-Cuban community as a whole, and then in Cuban Spanish as such. And yet other sources of colloquial Cuban should also be mentioned: first, the colloquial speech of native Spaniards, which were plenty on the Island before the Revolution of 1959 and contributed a lot to the patterns of word-formation in Cuban; and, finally, two more elements: the Portuguese one and the Gipsy one, as units thereof have found a prominent place among the most commonly used Cuban colloquialisms.
Specifics of the Latin American world view construction
Authors: Kofman A. F.
Published: April 2023

There are two main strategies for a world view formation in a literary work: the first one is direct, when the writer focuses on the national reality itself recreating it as a self-sufficient phenomenon independent of «someone else’s view»; the second one is «reverse». Its main feature is that the world view is formed in the process of a constant comparison with another culture, exploring and evaluating their own culture through the eyes of a foreigner. In Western European literature, the direct strategy is extremely dominant, whereas in Latin American literature, the reverse strategy has acquired the significance it has never had in the European one. It is proved by two ways in which the reverse strategy manifests itself: the first one is «looking outside», that is, the assertion of the uniqueness of Latin American reality through its juxtaposition with the European one; the second one is «looking from outside», which offers the perception of Latin American reality by an «outsider». The question arises: what factors have determined the dominance of the reverse strategy in Latin American literature? One of the reasons is that the latter has evolved by absorbing and processing the European literary patterns: this path of evolution is defined as «the search for one’s own in someone else’s». But this is not the only factor. Since the 16th century, the era of the birth of Latin American culture, the mode of perception of America has been formed as the opposition of the New World to the Old World and contained the motive of amazement at the «miraculous» reality, which was preserved in the genetic memory of culture materializing in the 20th century as magic realism.
«Great geographical discoveries»: the meaning and historical content of the term in the light of the interaction experience of civilizations in the New World
Authors: Shemyakin Ya. G.
Published: April 2023

The main question that Humankind was confronted with at the beginning of the Age of Great Discoveries can be spelled out as follows: «Just how is the world shaped?» The subsequent Great Geographical Discoveries showed the true dimension and structure of the surface of the Planet, as well as the real range of diversity of the «World of Humans». And the new knowledge of the shape of the world, in turn, gave rise to the following dilemma: can we surmise any unity of this world, all the great diversity of human cultures notwithstanding, or is such a unity nothing but an illusion? The search for an answer to this question constituted one of the axes of the spiritual life of Humankind in subsequent centuries up to the present day. The crucial point in the search for an answer to the above said question was the Discovery of America. The Meeting of two Worlds brought about the most acute crisis of consciousness on both sides. In the course of ensuing attempts at overcoming the crisis, they discovered new dimensions of their own heritage and new prospects for future life. Two alternative ways of evolution of homo sapiens, essentially different and even opposed, took shape. On the one hand, it was globalization, and on the other hand, it was increased emphasis on the heterogeneity of specific human communities at different levels, being the regional civilizations the most conspicuous ones in this respect. The collision, interweaving and mutual influence of those processes predetermined the main trends of human history over the past five centuries. In Latin America, a special frontier civilizational type has developed, as different from the classical both Western and Oriental models. It embodies more patently the principle of dialogue, which is, according to M. Bakhtin, a distinctive feature of the evolution of homo sapiens in general. This type of civilisation acquires particular importance at the present stage of evolution of the human world, which, on the threshold of the XXI century has entered its new stage, that of uncertainty and instability, the frontier stage.
Analysis on the Current Consumption of Applying the Huffman Codification for Data Transmission using the ESP-NOW Protocol
Authors:   Faculty of Systems and Electronic Engineer, Universidad Tecnológica del Perú, Calle Natalio Sánchez 125, Lima, Peru., Luis Mateo , Julio Arenas , Joel Palomino
Published: April 2023

IoT devices have restrictions regarding their energy consumption. Their hardware allows them to consume less energy to work for long periods of time with a small battery. Research works that are aimed at decreasing energy consumption, focus on the device hardware components, while other research focus on transmission algorithms to reduce the number of transmissions. In this context compression algorithms play an important role in reducing the amount of data to transmit. The Huffman codification is very easy to understand and has many source codes available. Therefore, this research focuses on quantifying the amount of energy saved after applying the Huffman codification. The tests were performed using the ESP32 which has an integrated Wi-Fi radio; and has the ESP-NOW protocol to transmit data between two devices without too much hardware setup. The results show that as more data is compressed the device energy consumption tends to reduce by 2 mA after continuous transmissions. The final energy consumption value is similar to the device current consumption while processing data.
5G Communication: High Gain Array Antenna Operating at 3.5GHz
Authors:   Centre for Telecommunication Research & Innovation (CeTRI), Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektronik dan Kejuruteraan Komputer (FKEKK), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia., Misran Mohamad Harris , Said Maizatul Alice Meor , Othman Mohd Azlishah , Jaafar Abd Shukur , Manap Redzuan Abd , Suhaimi Shadia , Hassan Nurmala Irdawaty
Published: April 2023

—5G technology is leverages advanced antenna technology and wider bandwidth to improve the potential of wireless communication that enables a significant increase in the amount of information that can be transmitted through the wireless system. With its ability to deliver higher data rates and lower latency, 5G promises to support a wide range of applications, from immersive virtual reality to autonomous vehicles.However, 5G communication systems are characterized by poor radiation features, which limit their usefulness in wider operational ranges. To overcome these issues, this project will focus on designing a high-gain array antenna operating at 3.5GHz specifically for 5G communication. A directional patch antenna will be designed for a specific base station to provide high radiation network connectivity and superior communication quality. Moreover, the high-gain array antenna at 3.5GHz will be optimized for long-distance point-to-point connections. In this project, a 4x4 patch antenna will be designed and fabricated using FR4 epoxy material to achieve high gain for long-distance signal transmission.
The Audio Encryption Approach uses a Unimodular Matrix and a Logistic Function
Authors:   Statistics Department, School of Computer Science, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia., Arifin Samsul , Tan Kevin , Ariani Audrey Tabitha , Rosdiana Sri , Abdullah Mohammad Nasir
Published: April 2023

The encryption algorithm is very important to guard the confidentiality of audio information. One of the most effective audio encryption algorithms is to use a unimodular matrix and Bernoulli function. In this research, we develop an audio encryption algorithm that uses a unimodular matrix and a Bernoulli function. This algorithm is implemented using the language Python programming. The audio data encrypted using this algorithm is capable produce audio data that is secure and difficult for unauthorized parties to decipher authorized. In addition, this algorithm also has good performance in terms of speed and efficiency.
An Offline Handwriting Age Range Prediction System Using an Optimized Deep Learning Technique
Authors:   Bells University of Technology, Ota, Ogun State. Nigeria, Omolara Olusanya Olamide , Oyedepo Oyediran Mayowa , Wasiat Elegbede Adedayo , Olufunmilayo Adeola Adetola , Samue Ojo Olufemi
Published: April 2023

One of the distinguishing features of an individual is handwriting and it has been established that everyone has unique handwriting differing from one another. This unique feature evolves with time and is influenced by a variety of factors such as gender, physical and mental health, and age among others. Also, the recent development in using individual peculiar features for forensic investigations in banks and other allied institutions either for signature verification or identification spelled the need to develop a smart system that can predict the age range with offline handwriting recognition. It is on this background that this research employed an optimized deep learning technique comprising of Gravitational Search Algorithm and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN-GSA) for offline handwriting age range prediction. A local database was populated with samples of the signature captured with a digital camera (5 megapixels), the CNN was employed for feature extraction, GSA was utilized to select optimal CNN parameters used for classification while the combined CNNGSA was utilized for an offline handwritten-based age prediction system. The performance evaluation of the approach proposed was done using sensitivity, specificity, precision, false positive rate, recognition accuracy, and processing time for all the variants, while the superiority of the system developed was ascertained by comparing it with the original CNN.
OPTIMIZATION OF 3D PRINTING PARAMETERS TO MECHANICAL STRENGTH IMPROVEMENT OF SUSTAINABLE PRINTING MATERIAL USING RSM
Authors: ZURNACI Erman
Published: April 2023

Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM), one of the most widely used methods of Additive Manufacturing Technique known as 3D Printing, is a popular technique used to produce different engineering components using common engineering polymers. PLA filament, a synthetic polymer derived from corn starch, is generally used in production with the FDM. Although PLA material is recyclable and biodegradable, its carbon emission is not zero. One of the filament types developed to produce more sustainable products is Wood PLA filament materials. This study presents an experimental study examining the effect of printing parameters on the mechanical properties of components produced with Wood PLA filaments. The effects of the printing parameters determined as infill pattern, infill density and nozzle temperature on the mechanical strength parameter determined as tensile strength and bending strength of PLA Wood samples produced in standard sizes were investigated experimentally. The experimental design was carried out in accordance with the Taguchi L9 orthogonal array, and the relationship between the printing parameters and the mechanical strength parameters was modelled mathematically. The estimated strength values calculated using mathematical models were compared with the experimental test results. The results showed that the tensile strength and flexural strength values were directly proportional to the infill density. Experiments have shown that the most effective 3D printing parameter on the mechanical strength parameters is the infill density parameter with a contribution ratio of 63.09% for tensile strength and 73.83% for flexural strength.
CYBER ATTACKS FOR DATA BREACH AND POSSIBLE DEFENSE STRATEGIES IN INTERNET OF HEALTHCARE THINGS ECOSYSTEM
Authors: SÜZEN Ahmet Ali
Published: April 2023

The widespread use of the Internet and the increase in Internet of Things (IoT) equipment paved the way for the development of user-friendly systems. The inclusion of many electronic systems in the IoT ecosystem, especially in homes, has improved remote control and monitoring features. In general, within the concept of smart home, voice, control and joint movements are used as command center and WIFI, Bluetooth, Zigbee and GSM etc. technologies are used for communication. Regular monitoring of some health problems of individuals occurs in some situations that require instant intervention. In this context, individuals in need of home care or under surveillance at home are checked with Internet of Healthcare Things equipment in the company of experts. The rapid spread of the IoT ecosystem has also increased data production. Especially sensitive health data is at the beginning of critical data and requires security measures to be taken. In this study, the IoT devices used for home patient care have been evaluated for the sources of data leaks and possible security measures that may be experienced in the process from the data owner to the data storage stage. In order to identify possible risks and threats, 4 different target scenarios were created. These scenarios include home internet connection resources, data transfer, data storage and access. 8 different attacks (Deauth, DDOS, brute force, hashcat, Man-in-the-middle, Injection, Short Address Attack, Smart Contract Overflow) were applied to these possible scenarios where data leakage could occur. In addition, recently, blockchain applications and smart contract transmissions are preferred for data security. Among the attack scenarios, Short Address Attack and Smart Contract Overflow are attack methodologies used for blockchain security. In particular, denial of service was encountered in all attacks on wireless networks. Configuration errors, wrong product selection, use of weak passwords and default configurations in the IOT ecosystem seem to be the main sources of data leaks. As a result, the study includes possible attacker scenarios and possible vulnerabilities have been extracted within the scope of real scenarios. In addition, the measures to be taken against these vulnerabilities were evaluated and recommendations were given to take maximum security measures to prevent data leaks from within the IoT ecosystem.