bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heimat ist kein Ort
Authors: Leszczynska-Koenen Anna
Published: September 2021

Das völkische Denken, das im Faschismus und Nationalsozialismus seine zerstörerische Kraft entfaltet hatte, scheint heute mit dem Aufkommen rechtsnationaler Bewegungen wieder Einzug in die politische Debatte zu halten. Im Völkischen Denken wird ein exkludierender Heimatbegriff propagiert, was in Zeiten beschleunigtenWandels und vermehrter Wanderbewegungen gesellschaftliche Gewaltpotenziale schürt. Ausgehend von autobiografischen Erfahrungen umkreist der Vortrag die Vieldeutigkeit des Heimatbegriffs unter historischen und psychoanalytischen Gesichtspunkten sowie seine destruktive Potenz in Verbindung mit völkischen Reinheitsvorstellungen.
Kinder unter drei Jahren in Familie, Institutionen, Frühen Hilfen
Authors: Schaich Ute
Published: September 2021

Die Berücksichtigung der Heterogenität von Lebensformen und Lebenslagen (sozioökonomischer Status, Kulturalität, Geschlechtszugehörigkeit, Befähigung und Beeinträchtigung) betrifft Fragen des quantitativen und qualitativen Ausbaus der frühen Kindertagesbetreuung ebenso wie die Diskussion über präventiven Kindesschutz im Säuglingsund Kleinkindalter. Nach einem Überblick über relevante Ergebnisse der Krippen-, Diversitätsund Frühpräventionsforschung werden Forschungsbedarfe aufgezeigt.
Der psychoanalytische Beitrag zu einer traumasensiblen Pädagogik
Authors: Zimmermann David
Published: September 2021

Der Beitrag fokussiert die pädagogischen Herausforderungen in der Arbeit mit traumatisierten Kindern und Jugendlichen. Jungen und Mädchen mit Fluchterfahrungen können unter Rückgriff auf das Rahmenkonzept der Sequentiellen Traumatisierung diesbezüglich als besonders vulnerable Gruppe beschrieben werden. Gleichwohl bedarf es keiner fluchtspezifischen Pädagogik, sondern einer traumasensiblen, reflexiven Professionalisierung, deren Leitgedanken sich vielfach bereits in den Klassikern der Psychoanalytischen Pädagogik auffinden lassen.
Eigene und fremde Männlichkeiten
Authors: Kratz Marian
Published: September 2021

Integrationsund Versorgungsdiskurse formieren sich aktuell um das geschlechtslose Primat der Minderjährigkeit, Abschottungsdiskurse hingegen um das Primat fremder Männlichkeiten. Gemein ist beiden, dass sie der Mehrdimensionalität und Gleichzeitigkeit des geflüchteten Subjekts kaum gerecht werden. Dass dies für Hilfeund Rollenverständnisse, in denen die Diskurse wirksam werden, nicht unproblematisch ist, wird am Fall eines volljährigen männlichen Mentorengespanns rekonstruktiv erschlossen.
R.G. Collingwood und die Seelenwissenschaften
Authors: Klüners Martin
Published: September 2021

Die Wissenschaften von der Seele, Psychologie und Psychoanalyse, befinden sich in einer Art Mittelstellung zwischen den Naturund den Geisteswissenschaften – denn sie erforschen den Menschen in der Regel als körperlich-geistiges »Mischwesen«. Sie sind folglich von den grundlegenden wissenschaftstheoretischen Diskursen über die unterschiedlichen Erkenntniswege von »Erklären« und »Verstehen« in besonderer Weise betroffen. Vor allem die Psychoanalyse weist dabei deutliche Züge einer hermeneutisch verfahrenden Disziplin auf. Die hermeneutische Methode ist ihrerseits untrennbar mit einer mehrheitlich in Deutschland einflussreichen Denkrichtung verbunden, für die stellvertretend die Namen Johann Gustav Droysens (1808–1884) und Wilhelm Diltheys (1833–1911) stehen. Der radikalste Vertreter der hermeneutischen »Schule« jedoch war kein Deutscher, sondern der britische Philosoph und Archäologe Robin George Collingwood (1889–1943), dessen lange Zeit wenig beachtetes Werk sich seit einigen Jahrzehnten wieder verstärkter Rezeption erfreut. Sein Verhältnis zu Psychologie und Psychoanalyse soll im Folgenden untersucht werden. Dabei werden sich auffällige Parallelen insbesondere zum psychoanalytischen Denken offenbaren. Wie Freud, mit dem er die Leidenschaft für Geschichte und Archäologie teilte, war auch Collingwood davon überzeugt, dass die Vergangenheit ihre Wirkmacht im Menschen lebendig erhält.
Migration und Flucht im Blick
Authors: Schulze Annett
Published: September 2021

Die Berichterstattung über Migration und Flucht steht zur Kritik. Dies reflektieren unter anderem #EmergingUS oder die Neuen deutschen Medienmacher. Beide Initiativen gehen einen Weg des Aktivismus über die Modi der Berichterstattung und Kommentierung hinaus. Im Kontext von Debatten um Journalismus als Wirklichkeitskonstruktion und kultureller Diskurs zeigt sich, dass diese Mikropraktiken bedingt mit Normen brechen. Herausgearbeitet wird, inwiefern die Akteur_innen Repräsentationsformen im spezifischen Diskurs um Migration und Flucht kritisieren und dabei neue Praxen entwerfen.
Reden über Flucht
Authors: Kaulertz Monique , Holz Anna-Lisa , Chakkarath Pradeep
Published: September 2021

Dieses Editorial leitet in ein Schwerpunktheft ein, das sich der Thematik geflüchteter Menschen widmet und dabei einen besonderen Fokus auf die Themen Repräsentation, Reflexion und Widerstand legt, wie sie zum Beispiel in Medien, Politik und Forschung, aber auch unter geflüchteten Menschen verhandelt werden. Um die Hintergründe deutlicher zu machen, vor denen die gesammelten Beiträge entstanden, werden zunächst jüngere Verschärfungen der europäischen und deutschen Flüchtlingsund Asylpolitik wie auch die Konsequenzen für Menschen skizziert, die auf der Flucht sind. Daran anschließend wird ein Einblick in die aktuelle Situation, die Dynamiken und Perspektiven der sogenannten »Flüchtlingsforschung« in Deutschland gegeben; zugleich werden einige ihrer Defizite benannt.
Entscheidungsprozesse und Hindernisse in der Familienbildungsphase lesbischer* Paare
Authors: Steinbeck Katharina
Published: September 2021

Der Beitrag fokussiert mit einem queer-theoretisch informierten Blick die Familienbildungsphase lesbischer* Paare, die Verantwortung für ein gemeinsames Wunschkind übernehmen. Nach einer Skizzierung der rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen für lesbische* Paare mit Kindern werden anhand des empirischen Materials Entstehungswege und damit einhergehende Entscheidungsprozesse nachgezeichnet. Deutlich wird hierbei, dass lesbische* Paare trotz einiger Hürden und heteronormativer Gesellschaftsstrukturen ganz individuelle und den Bedürfnissen der Partner*innenschaft angepasste Wege finden, eine Familie zu gründen. Es wird aber auch aufgezeigt, welche Veränderungen noch notwendig sind, um gleichberechtigte und gesetzlich abgesicherte Elternschaft unabhängig von der Familienkonstellation zu ermöglichen.
Dynamiken in Familien mit einer in der Paarbeziehung geteilten Elternschaft
Authors: Flaake Karin
Published: September 2021

Auf der Basis einer qualitativ-empirischen Studie zu Familien, in denen sich die Eltern von Anbeginn an die Verantwortung und Zuständigkeit für die anfallenden Arbeiten – Betreuung und Versorgung der Kinder sowie Hausarbeiten – geteilt haben, werden die Herausforderungen dargestellt, die für Frauen und Männer mit einer solchen Lebensform verbunden sind, zugleich aber auch die produktiven Potenziale, die eine solche Aufgabenverteilung für die Veränderung tradierter elterlicher Rollenund Geschlechterkonstruktionen haben kann.
»Es war alles transit in unserem Leben«
Authors: Rabelhofer Bettina
Published: September 2021

Wenn innere Modelle von primären Beziehungserfahrungen im Lichte neuer Erfahrungen umstrukturiert werden müssen, verändern sich auch die identifikatorischen Bezugnahmen auf ›Väterlichkeit‹ und ›Mütterlichkeit‹ und bringen die kulturell austarierten ›Männlichkeits‹und ›Weiblichkeitsentwürfe‹ ins Wanken. Literarische Repräsentationen leuchten die Möglichkeitsräume von Individuation exemplarisch aus und lassen ihre Krisennarrative an unterschiedlichen Orten der Grenzüberschreitung produktiv werden. Narrative Kohärenz könnte so als Ergebnis eines langwierigen Integrationsund Umstrukturierungsprozesses von inneren Modellen primärer familialer Beziehungserfahrungen verstanden werden. Im Fokus des Beitrags steht die Familie im interkulturellen Kontext und ihre literarische Repräsentation am Beispiel von Yadé Karas Roman Selam Berlin.
Psychoanalyse der Geschichte
Authors: Rousso Henry
Published: September 2021

Der französische Zeithistoriker diskutiert die Notwendigkeit einer Zusammenarbeit von Geschichte und Psychoanalyse ausgehend von der Neubegründung seines Faches im 19. Jahrhundert durch Leopold von Ranke (Historismus) über die Blickveränderungen, die Maurice Halbwachs (kollektive Erinnerung), Max Weber (Objektivitätsfragen) und Marc Bloch (Annales-Schule) eingeführt haben. Er stellt vier Bereiche vor, in denen die Psychoanalyse – insbesondere für den Zeithistoriker nach den Katastrophen des 20. Jahrhunderts – unverzichtbar ist: 1. Die Psychohistorie, in der sich trotz auch berechtigter Kritik diese Zusammenarbeit bewährt hat; 2. der Gebrauch der Psychoanalyse im metaphorischen Sinne bei der Reflexion von Geschichtsschreibung als nachträgliche Erzählung oder Konstruktion; 3. die erkenntnistheoretische Ebene, vor allem in Bezug auf das Zeitbewusstsein bei den Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschieden zwischen Geschichte und Psychoanalyse; 4. die von ihm ethisch genannte Dimension, das heißt die Anerkennung des Anderen und des anders Gewesenen, des Fremden bis Verstörenden. Dieses kann der Historiker nicht umstandslos am Maßstab seiner gegenwärtig geltenden Werte, Normen und Erkenntnisse bebzw. verurteilen. Dabei kommt der (Selbst-)Reflexion des eigenen Tuns als Subjekt wie Forscher ein zentraler Stellenwert zu.
Self-Tracking als technische Selbstvermessung im Zeichen der Optimierung
Authors: Balandis Oswald , Straub Jürgen
Published: September 2021

Wissenschaftlich-technologische und technische Innovationen sind mit sozialen Vorstellungen verknüpft, die den Horizont rein technischer Herausforderungen und Problemlösungen weit überschreiten. Jede Technologie und Technik ist mit kollektiven, öffentlich artikulierten und institutionell verfestigten Entwürfen von wünschenswerten oder beklemmenden Zukunftsvisionen verwoben. Dies schlägt sich auch in individuellen Erlebnischancen, Lebensentwürfen und Handlungsoptionen nieder. Insbesondere bei Praktiken des Self-Trackings ist dies zu beobachten, sobald technische Messund Analyseverfahren in Handlungsvollzüge und das Alltagsleben integriert und Selbstoptimierungen subjektiv bedeutsam werden.
Kalkulative Formen der Selbstthematisierung und das epistemische Selbst
Authors: Noji Eryk , Vormbusch Uwe
Published: September 2021

Zahlen bieten im Kontext der Individualisierung und Beschleunigung von Lebensverhältnissen spezifische Vorteile gegenüber narrativen Selbstthematisierungen. Selbstvermessungspraktiken werden aufgrund der Objektivitätsfiktion, der universalen Vergleichsfunktion sowie der Stärke schwacher Zahlen als eine Institution der Selbstthematisierung untersucht, die im Vergleich zu Beichte und Gruppentherapie eine spezifisch dynamische Stabilisierung des Selbst ermöglicht.
Warum nun auch der Schlaf?
Authors: Gehring Petra
Published: September 2021

Der Beitrag widmet sich dem neuen digitalen Service-Typ Schlaf-App, der sich aktuell – augenscheinlich nachfragegetrieben – rasch in Form diverser kostenloser oder kostengünstiger Produkte verbreitet. Was bieten Schlaf-Apps? Wie machen sie sich attraktiv und was motiviert zu deren Nutzung? Dem Beitrag zufolge handelt es sich um spielerische und im Detail auch tatsächlich nutzlose, um völlig sinnfreie Produkte. Ebendeshalb bleibt aber eben die Frage nach dem Motiv dafür besonders interessant, dass Menschen im Hinblick auf das eigene Schlafen und Träumen ohne irgendwelche Mehrwerte Selbstüberwachungstechniken nutzen (und auch höchst intime Daten hergeben). Sollte man hier von bloßer Unterhaltung sprechen? Oder von Enhancement? Der Beitrag sieht beide Aspekte im Spiel.
Selbstvermessung wider Willen
Authors: Balandis Oswald
Published: September 2021

Selbstvermessungsgeräte lassen sich als Produkte einer Technikkultur des »Solutionismus« und als Instrumente zur Selbstoptimierung bezeichnen. Anhand einer qualitativen Fallanalyse einer Selbstvermesserin wird gezeigt, dass diese Geräte und die von ihnen produzierten Zahlen für das Selbst eine psychosoziale Funktion erlangen können. Im Rahmen einer Technikkultur, in der Rechenmaschinen mit kollektiven Hoffnungen auf operative Lösungen sozialer und individueller Probleme verknüpft werden, begünstigt die Nutzung dieser Geräte die Aufrechterhaltung eines Selbstverhältnisses, das kontinuierlich nach Optimierungspotenzialen am eigenen Körper und am eigenen Selbst fahndet.
Destruktivität, Gewalt und die Macht der Medien
Authors: Küchenhoff Joachim
Published: September 2021

Es ist keine leicht zu bewältigende Aufgabe, mit der Wirklichkeit des Bösen fertig zu werden, das eine Provokation für das Weltverständnis und die Werte darstellt. Die Psychoanalyse ermöglicht es, individuelle und kollektive destruktive Prozesse nachvollziehen zu können. Dabei stellt sich heraus, dass das Böse meist nicht kategorial, sondern dimensional verstanden werden kann. Was als böse erscheint, kann unter Umständen auch Positives enthalten und kann positiviert werden. Nicht nur die Tatsache des Bösen, sondern auch der Diskurs über das Böse entscheiden über die Arbeit an ihm. Der mediale Diskurs kann ebenso zur Verschleierung wie zur Eskalierung des Bösen führen.
Identität, Fundamentalismus und Medien
Authors: Schneider Gerhard
Published: September 2021

Der Autor versteht Identität als dynamisches Zusammenspiel von Positivität (Kontinuität, Kohärenz) und Negativität (Entfestigung, Veränderungsoffenheit). In traditionellen Lebenswelten ist Identität durch Positivität dominiert, Kontingenz wird abgewehrt. Umgekehrt findet man in der Spätmoderne Tendenzen zur Affirmation von Kontingenz und Negativität. Insbesondere für Adoleszente mit einem verunsicherten traditionalen Hintergrund nimmt dadurch die Bereitschaft zu, zur Abwehr gegen die darin liegende Bedrohung ihrer Stabilität die Identitätspositivität zum Beispiel durch religiöse Identifizierungen in Richtung einer fundamentalistischen Organisation zu vereinseitigen. Entsprechende Gemeinschaften können ihren Zusammenhalt durch den spezifisch darauf ausgerichteten Einsatz von Medien sichern und verstärken.
Percepção de discentes sobre o impacto da pandemia de COVID-19 nas atividades do mestrado profissional em saúde
Authors: Rodrigues Garcia Rosamaria , De Abreu Barbosa de Paula Raquel , Alexandre Felício Brito Carlos
Published: September 2021

Introdução: A pandemia de COVID-19 modificou abruptamente a sociedade e escancarou fragilidades dos sistemas políticos e econômicos. As atividades de ensino e pesquisa foram afetadas, obrigando instituições, docentes e discentes a reestruturarem suas ações. Objetivo: identificar percepção de alunos matriculados no Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Saúde sobre efeitos da pandemia nas atividades acadêmicas e de pesquisa. Método: estudo quali-quantitativo, transversal, descritivo, sendo aplicado questionário semiestruturado pelo Google Forms®. Foi utilizada Análise de Conteúdo Automatizada, com o software livre Iramuteq® para tratamento dos dados. Resultados: foram recebidas 26 respostas, 88,5% dos participantes estão envolvidos no enfrentamento da pandemia. A qualidade do corpus foi considerada quase adequada (64,71% de aproveitamento). Emergiram 685 ocorrências, sendo 180 formas ativas (palavras distintas) e 58 suplementares, formando único conjunto. O conteúdo foi categorizado em 3 Classes (Clusters), a partir da Classe Hierárquica Descendente. As distribuições de segmentos de textos foram distintas. A Classe 2 foi a maior, com 39,40% dos segmentos de textos, seguida da Classe 1 (33,3%) e da Classe 3 (27,27%). Considerações Finais: de acordo com a percepção dos participantes, a pandemia de COVID-19 provocou alterações nas atividades acadêmicas e de pesquisa. As aulas presenciais foram substituídas pelo ensino remoto. No entanto, as atividades de pesquisa foram afetadas, principalmente quanto à coleta de dados e continuidade da pesquisa, sendo necessárias adaptações. Notou-se o efeito psíquico do isolamento social e mudança no estilo de vida, bem como no convívio com colegas nas atividades acadêmicas e de orientação. Novos estudos podem ser realizados, visando identificar efeitos longitudinais da pandemia nas atividades acadêmicas e de pesquisa.
Êxitos e desfechos no Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão do curso de Pedagogia da FACELI durante a pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: De Freitas Joana Lúcia Alexandre , Márcia Perini Valle  , Valéria Vieira dos Santos Pin
Published: September 2021

Este artigo é um Relato de Experiência sobre os resultados obtidos nas disciplinas de Didática, Estágio Supervisionado e Fundamentos Teóricos e Metodológicos de Artes, Ciências e Geografia do curso de Pedagogia de uma Faculdade pública, municipal e gratuita localizada em um município no interior do Estado do Espírito Santo. Com o objetivo de fomentar trocas de experiências, relatos de experiências e reflexões sobre os processos de ensino e de aprendizagem realizados durante a pandemia no Ensino Superior, fez-se este estudo. Adotou-se como metodologia uma pesquisa qualitativa de cunho exploratório, adotando hipóteses indutivas com base em revisão bibliográfica para compreender as repostas de 49 acadêmicos em uma enquete sobre os processos de ensino e de aprendizagem no fim do primeiro semestre de 2020, na qual se escolheu a técnica de análise do discurso do sujeito coletivo para representar a concepção dos universitários. Dos resultados obtidos destacam-se: aprimoramento no domínio de produção de recursos audiovisuais; melhoria no desenvolvimento e no domínio da escrita científica em diversos gêneros textuais acadêmicos; aquisição de habilidades e competências de aprender e ensinar através do ensino remoto e ampliação de aprendizagens realizadas pelo uso intencional da TICs. Todavia, há também desfechos frágeis como problemas de inclusão digital e de não adaptação ao ensino remoto os quais serviram para boas reflexões nesta pesquisa e que servirão para aperfeiçoar a Prática de Ensino de Professores Universitários e também os da Educação Básica.
Ensino profissional e formação docente: letramentos e multiletramentos em sala de aula
Authors: Almeida Morato de Laet Paula , Avella Ramirez Rodrigo , Turibio Narita Alice
Published: September 2021

O distanciamento social imposto pela pandemia do novo coronavírus demonstra que as habilidades de letramento, bem como as diversas novas formas de ler e escrever, ou seja, os multiletramentos, tornaram-se essenciais para os processos comunicacionais profissionais. Assim, a presente pesquisa tem por objetivo investigar como as habilidades de letramentos e multiletramentos são conduzidas, e se de forma crítica, pelos professores especialistas do Ensino Técnico. O método utilizado foi descritivo com abordagem qualitativa com os dados aferidos por meio de entrevistas com professores de disciplinas técnicas em uma escola de Ensino Técnico. Ao final desse processo, a pesquisa apontou a necessidade de formação periódica de professores especialistas do Ensino Técnico para os letramentos e multiletramentos a fim de propiciar uma maior desenvoltura e criticidade na apropriação da linguagem de seus alunos, bem como a realização de propostas de trabalhos interdisciplinares envolvendo professores da área de língua portuguesa e professores de especializações técnicas.
Influence of the diet's structure on the occurrence of the main gynecological pathologies in the sakhalin population of holstein cows
Authors: Kuznetsov V.M. , Revina G.B.
Published: September 2021

It was established that the level of metabolic energy and the content of raw fiber in diets significantly affects the milk productivity and the occurrence of reproductive pathologies of cows. With a high level of crude fiber and a lack of metabolic energy in the diet, 12.5 % of cows in the herd were diagnosed with persistent ovarian yellow body. Yellow bodies in the ovaries, as shown by surveys, were most often found 25-30 days after delivery or within the same period of time after infertile insemination, as well as in more distant terms. 23 % of sick cows have a diagnosis "ovarian hypofunction", with impaired growth, development, maturation and timely bursting of the follicles. In some cases, ovarian hypofunction occurred as a result of abnormal labor, untimely start-up and physiological old age of cows. In addition to ovarian pathology, cases of pathological processes in the uterus also led to infertility. Endometritis, as a rule, occurred with inflammation of the uterine mucosa (endometrium). This pathology usually occurred in cases of infection, injuries of the uterine mucosa during pathological childbirth, and retention of the afterbirth. With a low level of raw fiber in the diet and a high content of metabolic energy, the most common cows' pathologies were gynecological diseases in 28 heads (23.3 %). Pathological processes in the ovaries with a high level of metabolic energy in the diet almost completely disappear. Most often, endometritis was diagnosed in sick animals - 98.4 %, associated with infection of the genitals and birth injuries. Studies have shown that blood metabolites, body reserves, and the effectiveness of feeding dairy cows depend on the pH of the environment that occurs when feeding different types of diets. One of the conditions for active fermentation of the substrate is the optimal amount of raw fiber. Pathological processes in the ovaries with a high level of metabolic energy in the diet almost completely disappear.
Variability of morphometric indicators of honey bees bred in Almaty region
Authors: Nuralieva U.A. , Baisabyrova A.A. , Moldakhmetova G.A. , Temirbayeva K.A. , Shimelkova R.Zh. , Mayer A.A.
Published: September 2021

One of the ways to intensify the production of beekeeping products is selection. Bee breeding is not only one of the most important methods, but also the most economically efficient way to increase the productivity of bee colonies. Thus, the selection of bees and the implementation of its achievements into production are one of the most important and most effective directions for intensifying beekeeping. Research work was carried out under the project of program-targeted financing of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan on the topic "Development of technologies for effective management of the selection process in beekeeping." This article examines the characteristics of the morphometric indicators of honeybees in the Almaty region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The material for the research was the specimens of worker bees from apiaries located in the Almaty region of the Devochkin farm, Panov farm, Kalinin Individual Entrepreneur, Adilgazy Individual Entrepreneur, Kashkimbaev farm. To carry out the study according to the method of A.B. Kartashev, 35 samples of bees were worked out. Changes in the parameters of the wings, including the cubital and dumbbell index, discoidal displacement by bee species: Central Russian, Carpathian, Italian and Carniolian honey bee, are considered. It was found that in Kalinin’s apiary morphometric indicators for the cubital index, the average value was 2,787%. As a result, the morphometric indices for the cubital index in bees of the IP Kalinin bee were 2.777%. Whereas in other farms, the average value was significantly lower for all indicators. Accordingly, the percentage of the cubital index was 7.42-17.36%, the dumbbell index was 6.77-11.81%, and the discoidal displacement was 32.91-47.37%. According to all indicators, it is clear that the Kalinin Individual Entrepreneur’s bee farm is superior to other bee farms in terms of morphometric data. This is due to the isolation of the beekeeping and out of reach of other bees, thus ensuring a low level of hybridization. The considered analysis of the species belonging to the entire apiary, as well as economically useful features, can significantly increase the efficiency of selection work in beekeeping.
Analysis of The Effect of Different Gearbox/Transmission Types on Driveline Friction Losses by Means of Gt Suite Simulation Programme
Authors: KUNT Mehmet Akif
Published: September 2021

Selection of transmission systems of motor vehicles used on highways is high-ly important in terms of fuel consumption and vehicle efficiency. In this study, effect of using 3 different gearboxes in a passenger car (automatic gearbox, CVT gearbox and manuel gearbox) on driveline friction losses and engine operation interval by means of GT SUITE vehicle modelling programme. The vehicle model formed has been simulated in 3 different driving cycles (WLTP, HFET and US06) and transmission system losses have been compared. In WLTP driving cycle in which speed changes and average speed are low, frictions resulting from the load constitute a significant part of total frictions; on the other hand, in driving cycles in which driving mode is aggressive and the average speed is high, frictions re-sulting from lubricant and sealing elements constitute a significant part of total frictions. Gearbox and related clutch mechanism selection have changed opera-tion interval of the engine during driving cycle.
Finance Methods in the Automotive Sector - Business Agility in the Age of Digital Disruption
Authors: HUKE Jonathan , SİEGFRİED Patrick
Published: September 2021

Agility and digital trends go hand in hand, but the advantages of digitalization perform a high pressure on the established automotive companies. For years now, automotive groups have no longer been innovation drivers in the industry. This status is reserved for radical companies like Tesla. But is there any chance that conservative companies will reinvent themselves, establish leaner structures and thus regain market dominance and innovation?
Design of multi-cell tailored property columns under oblique loading
Authors: ÖZTÜRK İsmail
Published: September 2021

In this study, the crashworthiness performance of a multi-cell column designed from B1500HS boron steel with three different hardness values and six different regional hot-formed designs were compared in terms of passenger safety. Energy absorption and peak crushing force values of the columns were examined by impact simulations under oblique loading. “T25 heat-treated column” gave the highest energy absorption value, while "O25 heat-treated column" gave the lowest peak crushing force value. Regional hot-formed columns’ energy absorption and peak crushing force values resulted in between these two homogeneous heat-treated columns, except for the fifth and eighth designs. It has been shown that regional hot forming has a significant effect on the crashworthiness performance of the multi-cell columns under oblique loading.
The effect of photobiomodulation therapy of some indices of rats’ blood cells functional state under experimental diabetes mellitus
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Ukraine, Karmash O. I. , Liuta M. Ya. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Ukraine, Yefimenko N. V. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Ukraine, Sybirna N. O. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Ukraine
Published: September 2021

Background. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic endocrine-metabolic disease caused by an absolute or relative insulin deficiency. During diabetes, there are perfect conditions for the development of oxidative stress: the content of substrates for oxidation increases, the content of natural antioxidants decreases and the activity of antioxidant systems is suppressed. It is known that photobiomodulation therapy produce antioxidant and antihyperglycemic effects. Here we investigated its influence on blood system functioning. Materials and Methods. The study was performed on male Wistar rats. Experimental diabetes mellitus was induced by the intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Leukocyte formula was calculated using blood smears stained by Romanowsky–Giemsa. Catalase activity was determined spectrophotometrically. Affinity of hemoglobin to oxygen was evaluated by spectrophotometric method in Ivanov’s modification by drawing oxygenation curves. The protoporphyrin content in whole blood was measured by analyzing its fluorescence spectra. The content of NO2-, total and inducible NO synthase activity was determined spectrophotometrically. Results. Under the action of photobiomodulation therapy on healthy animals, there was a shift of oxygenation curves to the left and a decrease of P50, whereas under irradiation of rats with diabetes, there was a shift of oxygenation curves to the right and increase in P50 compared to indices in nonirradiated animals. During diabetes, there was a decrease in protoporphyrin content compared to control, but there was a tendency to increase under photobiomodulation. Photobiomodulation therapy of rats with diabetes increased catalase activity in erythrocyte hemolysates. We revealed significant changes in leukocyte formula under photobiomodulation. The total NO synthase activity in leukocytes of rats with diabetes was higher compared to healthy animals, but decreased under the action of photobiomodulation. We found an increase in inducible NO synthase activity in leukocytes of rats with diabetes and in leukocytes of irradiated healthy animals. An increase in NO2- content in leukocytes of rats with diabetes was detected. Under photobiomodulation, NO2- content was significantly lower in rats with diabetes. Conclusion. Photobiomodulation therapy produces a corrective action on blood system during diabetes, in particular, it improves oxygen release from hemoglobin and prevents hypoxia. Simultaneously with the increase in tissue oxygen saturation, a decrease in NO synthase activity and nitrite content along with an increase in catalase activity prevents the development of oxidative stress.
Mapeando la investigación sobre COVID-19 en Argentina: análisis bibliométrico a 6 meses del primer caso reportado
Authors: Gonzalez-Argote Javier
Published: September 2021

Introducción: El brote de COVID-19 ha causado una gran amenaza a la comunidad internacional y ha planteado importantes preocupaciones de salud pública. El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir los patrones de comunicación científica de Argentina sobre COVID-19 en la base de datos Scopus. Método: Se realizó un estudio bibliométrico. Se recuperaron artículos según la temática utilizando los campos del título, resumen y palabras clave en la base de datos Scopus. Resultados: Se recuperaron 229 documentos, donde el 69,9% eran documentos citables (51,5% de originales), el 76,4% en idioma inglés. El liderazgo científico de Argentina en los documentos publicados fue de un 44,1%. Se encontró colaboración nacional en el 38% de los documentos, en el 16,6% colaboración entre instituciones de jurisdicciones diferentes y el 59,8% colaboración internacional. Conclusiones: Los indicadores de productividad e internacionalización encontrados en el presente estudio representan la respuesta de la comunidad científica argentina en la fase inicial desde la esfera de la producción del conocimiento.  Los resultados obtenidos podrían interpretarse como una respuesta efectiva ante la crisis sanitaria y social sin precedentes que impuso el COVID-19.
Pendidikan IMPLEMENTASI MORAL TRIANGLE LICKONA DALAM MEMBENTUK KARAKTER YANG BAIK DAN KARAKTER AKHLAK KENABIAN MUHAMMAD SAW BAGI SISWA
Authors: Soheh Moh. , Kulsum Ummu
Published: September 2021

Thomas Lickona, has a moral triangle in shaping good character, including moral knowledge, moral feelings and moral actions. The moral triangle is interconnected with one another, so that in its implementation it is able to shape the character of students better, if guidance is carried out continuously by the teacher. Besides that, the dynamics of the prophetic nature of Muhammad SAW, are able to be role models for students. Because by having 4 moral characters possessed by Rasulullah, As-Siddiq, Al-Amanah, At-Tabligh and Al-Fatanah, students can have good morals. The combination of the two can shape students into modest and responsible individuals and are increasingly aware of their role as students in facing their future. This can be realized if teachers and parents support each other and monitor everything students do either at school or at home. What is more important than this, students with self-awareness want to make changes in themselves by imitating the person of the Prophet Muhammad as a role model for the ummah.
The Contribution of Modern Chinese African Studies to the Promotion of National Interests in the African Direction
Authors:   Institute for African Studies RAS, Fituni Olga
Published: September 2021

The article examines the development of African studies in modern China and the interrelationship between the attitude of the Chinese state to the development of national African studies, on the one hand, and the promotion of the national interests of the People’s Republic of China in the African direction, on the other. The paper explores the stages of the formation of Chinese African studies, the existing institutional foundations for the development of African studies in the country, the connection between the rapid quantitative growth and qualitative rise of African studies in China during the last decade and a half with the success of regular China–Africa Forums. The author exposes the scope of research topics of Chinese Africanists. A separate part of the article is devoted to the analysis of Chinese studies on relations between Russia and African states. It displays the assessments on the part of Chinese scholars of the Sochi (2019) Summit and the Russia–Africa Business Forum as well as the influence of the Russian Federation on the continent.
The Role of Christianity and Islam in the Civilizational Development of Modern Africa
Authors:   Institute for African Studies RAS, Sledzevskii Igor , Khayrullin Timur
Published: September 2021

The paper is the result of a conference held on December 9, 2020 by the Center for Civilizational and Regional Studies of the Institute for African Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the topic «The Role of Christianity and Islam in the civilizational development of Modern Africa».The conference program consisted of three working sessions. The problems of the organized conference went beyond the issues stated for discussion and were of an interdisciplinary nature. In particular, several conflict points were identified that arose during the events of the Arab Spring and have not been resolved until today. First of all, this is the problem of radical Islamism, which is actively manifested in the region of Northern and Tropical Africa. The problem of the forms and features of Christianity as one of the most important confessions of modern Africa received special attention at the conference. The problem of the clash of secular and religious trends in the civilizational development of post-colonial Africa turned out to be of no small importance. The structure of the paper consists of an introduction, which reflects the topic, problems, purpose, as well as the issues stated for discussion, followed by the short theses of the conference participants, representatives of the leading scientific and educational centers of Russia. At the end of the work, a conclusion is given, which summarizes the main results of the conference.
MasSynthaAzzahraSugandi.20421032.JARKOM.1.PDF
Authors: Sugandi Mas Syntha Azzahra
Published: September 2021

Tugas 1 Jaringan Komputer
Gene, the Sexual Brain, and Cognition: Machine-Predicted Brain Sex Score Explains Individual Differences in Cognitive Development and Genetic Influence.
Authors: Kim Kakyeong , Joo Yoonjung Yoonie , Ahn Gun , Wang Hee-Hwan , Moon Seo-Yoon , Kim Hyeonjin , Ahn Woo-Young , Cha Jiook
Published: September 2021

Sex impacts the development of the brain and cognition differently across individuals. We investigated the biological underpinnings of the individual variability of sexual dimorphism in the brain and its impact on cognitive development. In prepubertal children (N=9,658, ages 9~10 years old; the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study), we tested whether the individual difference in brain sex development was related to that in cognitive development, known to be influenced by genetic factors. We estimated an individual’s brain sex score from machine learning models trained on brain morphometry and diffusion white matter connectomes that accurately classified the biological sex with a test ROC-AUC of 93.32%. A greater brain sex score correlated significantly with greater intelligence (Pfdr<0.001, ηp2=0.034~0.050; adjusted for covariates) and higher cognitive genome-wide polygenic scores (GPSs) (Pfdr<0.001, ηp2<0.005). Structural equation models revealed that the GPS-intelligence association was modulated by the brain sex score, such that a brain with a higher maleness score (or a lower femaleness score) mediated a positive GPS effect on intelligence (indirect effects=0.006~0.009; P=0.002~0.022; sex-stratified analysis). The novel gene-brain-cognition relationship reported in this study presents a biological pathway to the individual and sex differences in the brain and cognitive development in preadolescence.
Wanprestasi dalam Perjanjian fidusia
Authors: JOURDAN RIONIKALDO
Published: September 2021

Wanprestasi adalah pelaksanaan kewajiban yang tidak dipenuhi atau ingkar janji atau kelalaian yang dilakukan oleh debitur baik karena tidak melaksanakan apa yang telah diperjanjikan maupun malah melakukan sesuatu yang menurut perjanjian tidak boleh dilakukan. Sedangkan Fidusia adalah pengalihan hak kepemilikan suatu benda atas dasar kepercayaan dengan ketentuan bahwa benda yang hak kepemilikannya dialihkan tersebut tetap dalam penguasaan pemilik benda, berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 42 Tahun 1999 tentang Jaminan Fidusia. Permasalahan dalam tulisan ini adalah bagaimana penyelesaian wanprestasi dalam perjanjian fidusia. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyelesaian wanprestasi dalam perjanjian fidusia meliputi: Wanprestasi atau cidera janji tidak ditentukan sepihak, melainkan berdasarkan kesepakatan antara kreditur dengan debitur; atau telah dilakukan upaya hukum tertentu yang menentukan telah terjadinya wanprestasi atau cidera janji.
NSAIDs/Nitazoxanide/Azithromycin Immunomodulatory COVID Protocol Might Inhibit SARS CoV-2 Replication Through Disruption of NF-κB Signaling
Authors: Kelleni Mina
Published: September 2021

Updated, peer reviewed and published https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10787-021-00896-7#Sec7 In March 2020, I’ve sent a correspondence to NEJM (20-06753) calling the claims that led the world to avoid non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in COVID-19 management as a scam and it was rejected by this journal as well as more than a dozen of other journals until published almost six months later at the reputable InflammoPharmacology. In April 2020, a concept paper was rapidly published as a letter to the editor favoring nitazoxanide over ivermectin for management of COVID-19 together with azithromycin. Since then, a protocol has evolved to safely manage dozens of pediatric, geriatric, adult and pregnant COVID-19 patients and it was rejected by dozens of journals since May 2020 (20-19376) and eventually it was published in August 2021 only after publishing several papers to justify its academic basis in highly reputable journals. I repeat my long-ignored claim NSAIDs/Nitazoxanide/Azithromycin immunomodulatory protocol (Kelleni’s Protocol) a game-changer that might end this pandemic safely and immediately and, in this manuscript, I’m adding more recent evidence that justify my claim.
ADAM15 expression associates with survival in triple negative breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2021

We mined published microarray data (1) to understand the most significant gene expression differences in the tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients based on survival following treatment: dead or alive. We observed significant transcriptome-wide differential expression of ADAM metallopeptidase domain 15, encoded by ADAM15 when comparing the primary tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients dead or alive. ADAM15 may be of relevance as a biomarker or as a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of triple negative breast cancer.
Deterministic model of the eddy dynamics for a midlatitude ocean model
Authors: Uchida Takaya , Deremble Bruno , Popinet Stephane
Published: September 2021

Mesoscale eddies, the weather system of the oceans, although being on the scales of O(20-100 km), have a disproportionate role in shaping the mean jets such as the separated Gulf Stream in the North Atlantic Ocean, which is on the scale of O(1000 km) in the along-jet direction. With the increase in computational power, we are now able to partially resolve the eddies in basin-scale and global ocean simulations, a model resolution often referred to as mesoscale permitting. It is well known, however, that due to grid-scale numerical viscosity, mesoscale-permitting simulations have less energetic eddies and consequently weaker eddy feedback onto the mean flow. In this study, we run a quasi-geostrophic model at mesoscale-resolving resolution in a double gyre configuration and formulate a deterministic closure for the eddy rectification term of potential vorticity (PV), namely, the eddy PV flux divergence. We successfully reproduce the spatial patterns and magnitude of eddy kinetic and potential energy diagnosed from the model. One novel point about our approach is that we account for non-local eddy feedbacks onto the mean flow by solving the `sub-grid' eddy PV equation prognostically in addition to the mean PV. In return, we are able to parametrize the variability in total (mean+eddy) PV at each time step instead of solely the mean PV. A closure for the total PV is beneficial as we are able to account for both the mean state and extreme events.
Structure shapes the representation of a novel category
Authors: Solomon Sarah , Schapiro Anna
Published: September 2021

Concepts contain rich structures that support flexible semantic cognition. These structures can be characterized by patterns of feature covariation: certain clusters of features tend to occur in the same items (e.g., feathers, wings, can fly). Existing computational models demonstrate how this kind of structure can be leveraged to slowly learn the distinctions between categories, on developmental timescales. It is not clear whether and how we leverage feature structure to quickly learn a novel category. We thus investigated how the internal structure of a new category is extracted from experience and what kinds of representations guide this learning. We predicted that humans can leverage feature clusters within an individual category to benefit learning and that this relies on the rapid formation of distributed representations. Novel categories were designed with patterns of feature associations determined by carefully constructed graph structures (Modular, Random, and Lattice). In Experiment 1, a feature inference task using verbal stimuli revealed that Modular categories—containing clusters of reliably covarying features—were more easily learned than non-Modular categories. Experiment 2 replicated this effect using visual categories. In Experiment 3, a temporal statistical learning paradigm revealed that this Modular benefit persisted even when category structure was incidental to the task. We found that a neural network model employing distributed representations was able to account for the effects, whereas prototype and exemplar models could not. The findings constrain theories of category learning and of structure learning more broadly, suggesting that humans quickly form distributed representations that reflect coherent feature structure.
When history perpetuates stereotypes and narratives: The burden of historical representations on the well-being of Africans living in Europe
Authors: Boateng Raymond
Published: September 2021

Previous research outlined that historical representations of different groups underlie stereotypes and prejudice. Considering the gap in the literature on historical representations and their potential impact on well-being, this study tested hypotheses concerning historical representations of Africans (N = 225) in Europe in relation to well-being outcomes in that population. Furthermore, the study tested the mediational role of stereotype confirmation concerns and social identification in the relationship between historical representations and well-being. Consistent with the predictions, historical representations were associated with poorer well-being. Particularly, historical representations were related to increased anxiety and low self-esteem through their relationship with stereotype confirmation concerns. Social identity mitigated the harmful effects of historical representations on self-esteem. However social identity did not mediate the relationship between historical representations and anxiety. The findings highlight the effects of historical representations on well-being.
A single-session of mindfulness meditation expedites immediate motor memory consolidation to improve wakeful offline learning
Authors: Brown James , Chatburn Alex , Wright David , Immink Maarten
Published: September 2021

Post-training meditation has been shown to promote wakeful motor memory stabilization in experienced meditators. We investigated the effect of single-session mindfulness meditation on wakeful and sleep-dependent forms of implicit motor memory consolidation in mediation naïve adults. Immediately after implicit sequence training, participants (N = 20, 8 females, Mage = 23.9 years ± 3.3) completed either a 10-minute focused attention meditation (N = 10), aiming to direct and sustain attention to breathing, or a control listening task. They were then exposed to interference through novel sequence training. Trained sequence performance was tested following a 5-hour wakeful period and again after a 15-hour period, which included sleep. Bayesian inference was applied to group comparison of mean reaction time (MRT) changes across training, interference, wakeful and post-sleep time points. Relative to control conditions, post-training meditation reduced novel sequence interference (BF10 = 6.61) and improved wakeful motor memory consolidation (BF10 = 8.34). No group differences in sleep consolidation were evident (BF10 = 0.38). These findings illustrate that post-training mindfulness meditation expedites wakeful offline learning of an implicit motor sequence in meditation naïve adults. Interleaving mindfulness meditation between acquisition of a target motor sequence and exposure to an interfering motor sequence reduced proactive and retroactive inference. Post-training mindfulness meditation did not enhance nor inhibit sleep-dependent offline learning of a target implicit motor sequence. Previous meditation training is not required to obtain wakeful consolidation gains from post-training mindfulness meditation.
Symbols of class: A computational analysis of class distinction-making through etiquette, 1922-2017
Authors: Voyer Andrea , Kline Zachary D. , Danton Madison
Published: September 2021

Social scientists of class and inequality have documented the rise of omnivorousness, informality, ordinariness, and emphasis on meritocracy. This apparent decline in class closure contrasts sharply with rising inequality and declining economic mobility. How are these competing developments reflected in everyday class distinction-making? In this article, we answer this question by applying Goffman's work on the symbols of class status to the analysis of unique data: a corpus of etiquette books published between 1922 and 2017. We use word embeddings to quantify the salience of six class concepts (affluence, cultivation, education, employment, morality, and status) in the corpus. We find that education and employment are increasingly salient while status, affluence, cultivation, and morality decline in their salience to class distinction-making. These results signal a decline of class operating as a status group through cultural closure, the rise of education and employment as the carriers of class in everyday life, and the corresponding legitimation of class position and class inequality based on supposedly meritocratic grounds. This research opens up new avenues for studies of class and the application of computational methods to investigations of social change.