bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors affecting decision making of physicians to start prehospital blood product transfusion in blunt trauma patients – a cohort study of Helsinki Trauma Registry.
Authors: Jama Timo , Lefering Rolf , Lauronen Jouni , Handolin Lauri
Published: September 2023

Background: Prehospital blood product use is increasing as a treatment for bleeding trauma patients. Triggers for starting transfusion in the field are less studied. We aimed to analyze factors affecting the decision of physicians to start prehospital blood product transfusion in blunt adult trauma patients.
Methods: Originally prospectively collected data from the Helsinki Trauma Registry from adult blunt trauma patients between March 2016 and July 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. We compared two groups: one with blood products available in the field and one without. Univariate analysis for the identification of predictive factors and multivariate regression analysis for their importance as predictivefactors forthe initiation of prehospital blood product transfusion wereapplied.
Results: There were 1652 patients registered in the database. A total of 556 of them were treated by a physician-level prehospital emergency care unit. Prehospital blood product transfusion (red blood cells and/or plasma) was started in 19.8% of the patients when available. We identified three statistically highly important clinical triggers for starting prehospital blood transfusion: high crystalloid volume need, shock index ≥0.9, and need for prehospital pleural decompression. No effect of prehospital blood product transfusion on patient outcome was found.
Conclusions: Prehospital blood product transfusion in blunt adult trauma patients is initiated in approximately 20%of the patients in Southern Finland. High crystalloid need, shock index ≥0.9 and prehospital pleural decompression are associated with the initiation of prehospital blood product transfusion, probably reflecting patients at high risk for bleeding.
Trial registration:HUS/234/2020
Quartz texture and the chemical composition fingerprint of ore-forming fluid evolution at the Bilihe porphyry Au deposit, NE China
Authors: Hong Jingxin , Zhai Degao , Keith Manuel
Published: September 2023

Quartz is widely distributed in various magmatic-hydrothermal systems and shows variable textures and trace element contents in multiple generations, enabling quartz to serve as a robust tracer for monitoring hydrothermal fluid evolution. This study demonstrates that integrated high-resolution SEM-CL textures and trace element data of quartz can be used to constrain physicochemical fluid conditions and trace the genesis of quartz in porphyry ore-forming systems. The Bilihe deposit is a gold-only porphyry deposit located in the Central Asian orogenic belt, NE China. Four quartz generations were distinguished following a temporal sequence from early-stage dendritic quartz, unidirectional solidification textured quartz (UST quartz), gray banded vein quartz (BQ), to late-stage white calcite vein quartz (CQ), with the Au precipitation being mostly related to dendritic quartz, UST quartz, and BQ. The well-preserved dendritic quartz with sector-zoned CL intensities and euhedral oscillatory growth zones crystallized rapidly during the late magmatic stage. The relatively low Al contents of dendritic quartz were interpreted to be related to contemporaneous feldspar or mica crystallization, while the high-Ti contents indicate high-crystallization temperatures (~750 °C). The comb-layered UST quartz displays heterogeneous, patchy luminescence with weak zoning, hosts coeval melt and fluid inclusions, and retains the chemical characteristics of magmatic dendritic quartz. High-Ti and low-Al contents of UST quartz suggest a formation at relatively high temperatures (~700 °C) and high-pH conditions. Three sub-types can be defined for hydrothermal BQ (BQ1, BQ2, and BQ3) based on contrasting CL features and trace element contents. The Al contents increase from BQ1 to BQ2 followed by a drop in BQ3, corresponding to an initial decrease and subsequent increase in fluid acidity. Temperature estimates of BQ decrease from BQ1 (635 °C) to BQ3 (575 °C), which may, however, be disturbed by high growth rates and/or high-TiO2 activities. The CQ typically displays a CL-bright core and CL-dark rim with oscillating CL intensities and is characterized by the lowest Ti and highest Al, Li, and Sb contents compared to the other quartz types, which suggests a deposition from more acidic and lower temperature fluids (~250 °C). Trace element patterns indicate that a coupled Si4+ ↔ (Al3+) + (K+) element exchange vector is applicable to dendritic quartz, UST quartz, and BQ. By contrast, charge-compensated cation substitution of Si4+ ↔ (Al3+, Sb3+) + (Li+, Rb+) is favored for CQ. The comparison with compiled trace element data of quartz from other porphyry Au, Cu, and Mo deposits worldwide suggests that Ti, Al, Li, K, and Ge concentrations, as well as Al/Ti and Ge/Ti ratios, have the potential to discriminate the metal fertility of porphyry mineralization.
Thermoelastic properties of non-metamict zircon
Authors: Münchhalfen Marie , Schreuer Jürgen
Published: September 2023

The thermoelastic properties and thermal expansion of natural single-crystal zircon without detectable radiation damage were determined in the temperature range between 100 and 1650 K on five samples from Cambodia, Sri Lanka, and Tanzania. Up to about 1500 K, the results are in excellent agreement and fully reversible. The average adiabatic elastic stiffness coefficients at room temperature in GPa are c11 = 426.8(6), c12 = 68.1(4), c13 = 152.0(4), c33 = 490.8(9), c44 = 113.1(2), and c66 = 49.0(1). Polycrystalline averaging for the aggregate bulk and shear modulus (Voigt-Reuss-Hill average) yields K = 229.3(4) GPa and G = 109.3(1) GPa. From 293 to 1573 K, the elastic stiffnesses soften almost linearly with the temperature coefficients in MPa/K: dc11/dT = –45.36(7), dc12/dT = –2.03(7), dc13/dT = –9.59(7), dc33/dT = –42.85(12), dc44/dT = –9.60(3), and dc66/dT = –2.19(1). Below room temperature, the behavior of the cij is nonlinear, with decreasing absolute values of the temperature coefficients. Above about 1500 K, a temperature- and time-dependent irreversible elastic stiffening accompanied by an increasing ultrasound dissipation was observed in all samples. These anomalies are interpreted to be the consequence of increased dislocation densities.
Zhengminghuaite, Cu6Fe3As4S12, a new sulfosalt mineral from the Zimudang Carlin-type gold deposit in southwestern Guizhou, China
Authors: Gu Xuexiang , Zhang Yongmei , Fan Guang , Li Ting , Dong Shuyi , Peng Yiwei , Zhang Yingshuai , Li Ling , Ge Zhanlin
Published: September 2023

Zhengminghuaite, ideally Cu6Fe3As4S12, is a new Cu-Fe arsenosulfosalt found in the Zimudang Carlin-type gold deposit in southwestern Guizhou, China. It occurs as irregular, commonly fractured grains of several to a few tens of micrometers in the brecciated gold ores and is paragenetically associated with the late ore-stage mineral assemblage, including realgar, orpiment, pyrite, chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite, aktashite, christite, quartz, and calcite. Zhengminghuaite is opaque with a metallic luster and a conchoidal or uneven fracture. The Vickers microhardness (VHN10) is 219 kg/mm2 (range 192–247 kg/mm2), and the calculated density is 4.77(5) g/cm3. In reflected light, zhengminghuaite is whitish gray with weak bireflectance (whitish gray to pinkish tinted gray), very weak anisotropy, and no internal reflection. Electron microprobe analyses give the empirical formula (Cu5.92Hg0.08)Σ6.00 (Fe1.59Hg1.07Zn0.37)Σ3.03(As3.94Sb0.02)Σ3.96S11.93 on the basis of total cations = 13, with the simplified formula Cu6(Fe,Hg,Zn)3(As,Sb)4S12. Zhengminghuaite is trigonal, with space group R3. Unit-cell parameters determined from the single-crystal X-ray diffraction data are as follows: a = 13.5373(17) Å, c = 9.2354(13) Å, and V = 1465.7(4) Å3 (Z = 3). The eight strongest lines in the X-ray diffraction pattern are [d (Å) (I, %) (hkl)]: 3.0785 (67) (003), 3.0670 (100) (131), 2.6586 (89) (132), 1.8825 (97) (134), 1.8773 (82) (520), 1.6060 (89) (135), 1.6028 (81) (523), and 1.6012 (83) (261). The crystal structure of zhengminghuaite belongs to the nowackiite group and can be described as formed by (0001) layers composed of corner-sharing FeS4 and CuS4 tetrahedra that delimit two triangular cavities. Zhengminghuaite is the Fe-dominant analog at the divalent cations site of nowackiite (Cu6Zn3As4S12) and aktashite (Cu6Hg3As4S12). Paragenetic relationships indicate that zhengminghuaite and associated Hg- and Tlsulfosalts precipitated in response to the increase in sulfidation state and decrease in temperature of the late-ore stage hydrothermal fluid.
Lingual thyroid ectopia
Authors: Dolgopolov I. S. , Yusufov A. A. , Aleynik E. G. , Rykov M. Yu.
Published: September 2023

The lingual thyroid gland is an abnormal mass of ectopic thyroid tissue visible at the base of the tongue, caused by an embryological anomaly in the development of the thyroid gland. Identification and symptom-adapted treatment of ectopia are important in preventing hypothyroidism and development of obstructive symptoms.

   Purpose. To present a case of lingual ectopia of the thyroid gland in a child with an incidentally diagnosed formation of the root of the tongue based on primary ultrasound diagnosis.

   Material and methods. A 7-year-old boy without clinical signs of hypothyroidism during a routine examination revealed a voluminous asymptomatic formation of the root of the tongue.

   Results. Along the midline at the root of the tongue there is a rounded, non-displaced, painless formation about 20 mm in diameter. Regional lymph nodes are not enlarged. The picture of ectopic thyroid tissue in the root of the tongue, in the absence of thyroid in a typical site on the neck. There is subclinical hypothyroidism with a TSH level of 12.8 mсME/mL (normal 0.6–4.84). The presence of ectopia was confirmed by scintigraphy with Technetium-99m pertechnetate. Normal TSH level of 3.37 mcME/mL and a reduction in the volume of ectopic thyroid tissue from 3.3 mL to 2.13 ml revealed 3 months after levothyroxine therapy at a dose of 50 mcg/day.

   Conclusion. Ultrasound exam with Doppler mapping is mandatory and allows not only to identify ectopic tissue, but also to identify the absence of thyroid in a typical anatomical area on the neck. The study of the hormonal profile and subsequent scintigraphy make it possible to make a final diagnosis, assess the function of the ectopic organ and determine the option of drug and/or surgical treatment.
Analysis of the contribution of IFRS to improving the relevance of financial performance measures: A comparative study with Moroccan Accounting Standards
Authors: Laouane Adil , Torra Mohamed
Published: September 2023

The implementation of the international accounting framework has led to a new philosophy of estimating and valuing the financial performance of companies. In this respect, the accounting indicators derived from financial statements constitute the classic measures of performance evaluation, such as ROE, ROA, BPA, and Payout. However, their usefulness is contested in the face of market-based indicators like TSR, MVA, PBR, and dividend yield. This paper aims to assess the effect of adopting IFRS on the relevance of financial performance measures through a comparative approach with Moroccan GAAP. At the empirical level, the use of multiple regressions on panel data remains strongly solicited to test the informational relevance of these indicators. In number, there are 115 observations collected from IFRS-adopting companies and 418 observations from non-adopting companies over the period 2013–2022. The study revealed a significant impact of the adoption of IFRS on the informational relevance of accounting indicators (adjusted R2(IFRS) = 71.12% against adjusted R2(Moroccan GAAP) = 55.03%). However, this study found a less significant effect of IFRS on the degree of relevance of stock market performance indicators (adjusted R2 (IFRS) = 50.36% versus adjusted R2(Moroccan GAAP) = 63.84 %). The study also showed a significant effect of IFRS on the complementarity between accounting and stock market performance indicators to explain the total shareholder return (adjusted R2(IFRS) = 69.02% against adjusted R2(Moroccan GAAP) = 58.01%).
Local Rule-Based Explanations Method Based on Genetic Algorithms with Fitness Sharing
Authors: Santos Daniel , Baranauskas José Augusto , Tinós Renato
Published: September 2023

The Local Rule Based Explanations method (LORE) explains decisions of black-box classifiers by using an interpretable model (Decision Tree – DT). The DT is trained with an artificial dataset generated by Genetic Algorithms (GAs). The primary objective of this approach is to replicate the decision boundaries of the black-box model in proximity to the instance under explanation. We show that the artificial examples generated by the GAs in LORE are not necessarily diverse. Consequently, we propose the integration of GAs with fitness sharing in LORE to generate a more diversified subset of artificial examples. The underlying motivation is to ensure that the local decision boundaries of the DT more closely resemble those of the black-box classifier. Experimental results with two classifiers (Multilayer Perceptron and Random Forests), and four classification problems, indicate that LORE with fitness sharing yields more diverse GA populations, consequently leading to improved local explanations. These findings underscore the effectiveness of incorporating fitness sharing into the LORE methodology for enhancing the explainability of black-box classifiers.
Investigating optimal 2D hydrodynamic modeling of a recent flash flood in a steep Norwegian river using high-performance computing
Authors: Moraru Adina , Rüther Nils , Bruland Oddbjørn
Published: September 2023

Efficient flood risk assessment and communication are essential for responding to increasingly recurrent flash floods. However, access to high-end data center computing is limited for stakeholders. This study evaluates the accuracy-speed trade-off of a hydraulic model by (i) assessing the potential acceleration of high-performance computing in PCs versus server-CPUs and GPUs, (ii) examining computing time evaluation and prediction indicators, and (iii) identifying variables controlling the computing time and their impact on the 2D hydrodynamic models' accuracy using an actual flash flood event as a benchmark. GPU-computing is found to be 130× and 55× faster than standard and parallelized CPU-computing, respectively, saving up to 99.5% of the computing time. The model's number of elements had the most significant impact, with <150,000 cells showing the best accuracy-speed trade-off. Using a PC equipped with a GPU enables almost real-time hydrodynamic information, democratizing flood data and facilitating interactive flood risk analysis.
Large-eddy simulation of free-surface turbulent flow in a non-prismatic channel
Authors: Zeng Rui , Li S. Samuel
Published: September 2023

Hydraulic engineering applications require a good knowledge of turbulent behaviour in non-prismatic channels. This paper aims to predict turbulent behaviour using large-eddy simulation (LES). The model channel has a warped transition. We perform two-phase LES of free-surface flow and validate the results using experimental data and benchmark solution. We discuss rigorous strategies for model set-up, parameter selection and parametric value assignment, including parameters in spectrum synthesiser (SS) and vortex method (VM) for inlet turbulence. The predicted flow displays complex structures due to eddy motions translated from upstream and locally generated by asymmetrical separation in the transition. The history of the flow dynamics may affect the flow development. The predicted velocity, energy spectrum, root-mean-square error, hit-rate and factor-of-two compare well with measurements and benchmark solution. Mapping mean-velocity distribution from experimental data, combined with SS, gives satisfactory inlet condition; alternatively, a 1/7th power-law for the mean-velocity, combined with VM, is acceptable. This paper uses the Okubo–Weiss parameter to delineate instantaneous coherent structures. The LES methods are reliable, efficient and cost-effective. As compared to the simulation of prismatic channels, the flow dynamics in non-prismatic channels exhibit flow separation and turbulence interactions, which increase the flow-complexity, while offering results with crucial practical applications.
Dynamics of greenhouse gas fluxes and soil physico-chemical properties in agricultural and forest soils
Authors: Rubaiyat Ashik , Hossain Md Lokman , Kabir Md Humayain , Sarker Md Monzer Hossain , Abdus Salam Mir Md , Li Jianfeng
Published: September 2023

Examination of greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes (CO2, CH4, and N2O) in soils is crucial for developing effective strategies to mitigate climate change. In this study, we investigated the GHG fluxes in agricultural and forest soils to explore the changes in soil GHG fluxes, and assess the relationships of GHGs with other physico-chemical properties. Results show that forest soils have a higher CO2 flux, while agricultural soils have a higher N2O flux due to fertilizer application and heterotrophic nitrification. Forest soils act as a CH4 sink, which are connected with increased porosity and decreased bulk density. In agricultural soils, CO2 and N2O were strongly linked with NH4+, soil temperature, pH, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, plant-available phosphorous, and microbial biomass nitrogen (mbN) but were negatively connected with bulk density and microbial biomass carbon (mbC). In contrast to CO2 and N2O, CH4 in agricultural soils exhibited inverse relationships with all physico-chemical properties. In forest soils, CO2 and CH4 were positively correlated with soil temperature and mbC, and mbN and N2O were negatively correlated with bulk density and pH. This study highlights the critical need to comprehend the complex relationship between soil physico-chemical properties and GHG fluxes for effective climate change mitigation.
Rapidly developed, optimized, and applied wastewater surveillance system for real-time monitoring of low-incidence, high-impact MPOX outbreak
Authors: Wong Chandler H. , Zhang Zhihao , Eid Walaa , Plaza-Diaz Julio , Kabir Pervez , Wan Shen , Jia Jian-Jun , Mercier Elisabeth , Thakali Ocean , Pisharody Lakshmi , Hegazy Nada , Stephenson Sean E. , Fang Wanting , Nguyen Tram B. , Ramsay Nathan T. , McKay R. Michael , Corchis-Scott Ryland , MacKenzie Alex E. , Graber Tyson E. , D’ Aoust Patrick M. , Delatolla Robert
Published: September 2023

Recent MPOX viral resurgences have mobilized public health agencies around the world. Recognizing the significant risk of MPOX outbreaks, large-scale human testing, and immunization campaigns have been initiated by local, national, and global public health authorities. Recently, traditional clinical surveillance campaigns for MPOX have been complemented with wastewater surveillance (WWS), building on the effectiveness of existing wastewater programs that were built to monitor SARS-CoV-2 and recently expanded to include influenza and respiratory syncytial virus surveillance in wastewaters. In the present study, we demonstrate and further support the finding that MPOX viral fragments agglomerate in the wastewater solids fraction. Furthermore, this study demonstrates that the current, most commonly used MPOX assays are equally effective at detecting low titers of MPOX viral signal in wastewaters. Finally, MPOX WWS is shown to be more effective at passively tracking outbreaks and/or resurgences of the disease than clinical testing alone in smaller communities with low human clinical case counts of MPOX.
A synoptic assessment of groundwater quality in high water-demand regions of coastal Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Kumari Bhumika , Keesari Tirumalesh , Pant Diksha , Roy Annadasankar , Mohokar Hemant , Sinha Uday Kumar , Pant Harish Jagat
Published: September 2023

In this article, a coastal region of India having high water demand for irrigation supply was studied for its groundwater quality in temporal and spatial domains. The statistical tests (Shapiro–Wilk W and Anderson–Darling A) of the chemical data of over 100 groundwater samples of the study area indicate the non-parametric nature of the distribution. High concentrations of F− and NO3− ions above drinking water permissible limits were present in 12% and 28% of samples, respectively. Similarly, Cl– ion, and total hardness were higher while Ca2+, Mg2+, and Na+ ions were marginally higher compared to drinking water limits. Kruskal–Wallis (ANOVA) test results indicate that seasonal variations are not very significant among chemical species. Based on irrigation water quality indicators, groundwater samples fall under the excellent to doubtful category during premonsoon and permissible to unsuitable category during postmonsoon season. These inferences were verified by using the Entropy Water Quality Index (EWQI). The spatial contours of the EWQI values clearly suggest that the impact of anthropogenic activities on groundwater is greater in the northern parts of the study area. Optimizing fertilizer application and effluent treatment can improve the groundwater quality thereby achieving sustainable groundwater management in this region.
Many-objective optimisation tool for the design of district metered areas in pumped water distribution networks
Authors: Sharma Aniket Nandkumar , Dongre Shilpa R. , Gupta Rajesh
Published: September 2023

The establishment of district metered areas (DMAs) is a highly effective method to mitigate operational management difficulties and enhance the efficiency of water distribution networks (WDNs). There are several objectives associated with the DMA's design that are contingent upon the network parameters that are affected by its formation. Two previous studies considered DMA design as a three-objective problem (operational cost, average pressure and water age) and a four-objective problem (design cost, pressure deviation, resilience index (RI) and demand shortfall) for pumped and gravity networks, respectively. The problems were addressed through the implementation of a multi-phase DMA design methodology using the NSGA-II and NSGA-III optimisation tools, respectively. The present work builds upon previous research by simultaneously considering five objectives in DMA design (i.e. design cost, operational cost, RI, average pressure and water age) using the NSGA-III optimisation tool in pumped water networks. In this extended approach, the pump's role in meeting nodal demands eliminates the necessity of including demand shortfall as one of the objectives. The proposed methodology has been evaluated on two benchmark networks, demonstrating its capability to identify DMA alternatives and provide solutions based on user preferences. Finally, the obtained results are compared with the previous study's findings.
Chromosome 15
Authors: Hariharan Harini , Panicker Saurav , Ramalingam Satish
Published: September 2023

The genomic alteration at chromosome 15 has been widely recognized as the
utmost significant and prevalent alteration in several cancers, including non-small-cell
lung cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, gastrointestinal cancer,
acute lymphoblastic leukemia, colorectal carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma,
myeloma, pituitary adenomas, etc. Emerging reports suggest that the abnormalities of
prime genes in chromosome 15 have drastic effects on tumor development and
progression, and can be candidate biomarkers of disease prognosis, disease
progression, and response to treatment. The translocations involving chromosome 15
and other chromosomes have been found in tumors, including mucoepidermoid
carcinomas, mixed-lineage leukemia, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, sarcoma,
lung adenocarcinoma, melanoma, brain cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, spitz tumor,
congenital mesoblastic nephroma, papillary thyroid cancer, pontine glioma tumors, and
acute promyelocytic leukemia. The tumor suppressor genes such as C15orf65, CSK,
CRABP1, DAPK2, FES, GREM1, KNSTRN, NEDD4-1, NTRK3, PML, SPRED1,
TPM1, and TCF12 under chromosome 15 play a crucial role by enhancing cellular
growth, proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis, cellular differentiation, and
development in various cancer, including colorectal cancer, acute promyelocytic
leukemia, myeloid leukemia, breast cancer, thyroid carcinoma, glioblastoma,
intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, chondrosarcoma, cartilaginous cancer, Squamous cell
carcinoma, non- small-cell lung carcinomas, mucosal melanoma, and oral squamous
cell carcinoma. Chapter 15 discusses the significance of each important gene under
chromosome 15 in mediating oncogenesis. The elevated or attenuated expression levels
of these cardinal genes can either act as an oncogene or a tumor suppressor. Thus,
shedding light on these genes would be a game changer in the field of cancer genetics
and theragnostic.
Pre-service teachers’ agentive projections toward innovation in online English Language Teaching (ELT) classes
Authors: Farmasari Santi , Wardana Lalu Ali , Baharuddin Baharuddin , Amrullah Amrullah , Isnaeni Mh , Lail Husnul
Published: September 2023

This study examines the pre-service teachers’ agentive projections toward innovation in online English Language Teaching (ELT) classes. Employing teacher agency theory, this instrumental case study views projections as agentive when they are informed by the students’ ecological aspects (past and present), oriented to solve potential learning problems and improve learning outcomes. The study involved 84 pre-service teachers who were voluntarily asked to fill in a questionnaire, submit a lesson plan, and be interviewed. nVivo Pro was used to organize themes. The study indicates that the pre-service teachers, M=3.81, SD=.590, perceive that innovation in online ELT classes is closely related to the integration of information and technology. As a result, the students’ agentive projections were also oriented to solve technology and internet-based obstacles, added with innovative learning methods. The research findings may become important insights for the development of English teaching and learning in order to provide more capital for pre-service teachers creating ELT innovation in the future.
Analysis of critical thinking skills, cognitive learning outcomes, and student activities in learning the human excretory system using an interactive flipbook
Authors: Aswanti Novita Hawsari , Isnaeni Wiwi
Published: September 2023

This study aims to: (1) analyze the achievement of critical thinking skills, (2) analyze the achievement of cognitive learning outcomes, (3) determine the learning activities carried out, and (4) determine student responses to the use of interactive flipbook media. This study is Quasi Experiment research with a posttest-only control design employing a purposive sampling technique. The data in this study are (1) data on the achievement of critical thinking ability indicators, (2) data on achievement of cognitive levels (C4, C5, and C6), (3) data on student learning activities carried out, and (4) data on student responses to use of interactive flipbook media. The instruments used are (1) critical thinking tests in the form of description questions, (2) cognitive learning outcomes tests in the form of multiple-choice questions, (3) student activity observation sheets, and (4) student response questionnaires. The results obtained in learning the human excretory system using interactive flipbooks are: (1) the level of achievement of critical thinking skills on each indicator can be achieved well, (2)the level achievement of cognitive learning outcomes (C4, C5, and C6) in each category can be achieved well, (3) learning activities that appear and implement in the learning process include visual activities, oral activities, and listening activities, and (4) the use of interactive flipbook media gets a positive response from students. Most respondents agree to use interactive flipbook media to learn the human excretory system. Students also assess that interactive flipbook media are interesting, flexible, practical, meaningful, and not dull.
Association of Health Care Work With Anxiety and Depression During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Structural Topic Modeling Study
Authors: Malgaroli Matteo , Tseng Emily , Hull Thomas D , Jennings Emma , Choudhury Tanzeem K , Simon Naomi M
Published: September 2023

Background

Stressors for health care workers (HCWs) during the COVID-19 pandemic have been manifold, with high levels of depression and anxiety alongside gaps in care. Identifying the factors most tied to HCWs’ psychological challenges is crucial to addressing HCWs’ mental health needs effectively, now and for future large-scale events.

Objective

In this study, we used natural language processing methods to examine deidentified psychotherapy transcripts from telemedicine treatment during the initial wave of COVID-19 in the United States. Psychotherapy was delivered by licensed therapists while HCWs were managing increased clinical demands and elevated hospitalization rates, in addition to population-level social distancing measures and infection risks. Our goal was to identify specific concerns emerging in treatment for HCWs and to compare differences with matched non-HCW patients from the general population.

Methods

We conducted a case-control study with a sample of 820 HCWs and 820 non-HCW matched controls who received digitally delivered psychotherapy in 49 US states in the spring of 2020 during the first US wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Depression was measured during the initial assessment using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and anxiety was measured using the General Anxiety Disorder-7 questionnaire. Structural topic models (STMs) were used to determine treatment topics from deidentified transcripts from the first 3 weeks of treatment. STM effect estimators were also used to examine topic prevalence in patients with moderate to severe anxiety and depression.

Results

The median treatment enrollment date was April 15, 2020 (IQR March 31 to April 27, 2020) for HCWs and April 19, 2020 (IQR April 5 to April 27, 2020) for matched controls. STM analysis of deidentified transcripts identified 4 treatment topics centered on health care and 5 on mental health for HCWs. For controls, 3 STM topics on pandemic-related disruptions and 5 on mental health were identified. Several STM treatment topics were significantly associated with moderate to severe anxiety and depression, including working on the hospital unit (topic prevalence 0.035, 95% CI 0.022-0.048; P<.001), mood disturbances (prevalence 0.014, 95% CI 0.002-0.026; P=.03), and sleep disturbances (prevalence 0.016, 95% CI 0.002-0.030; P=.02). No significant associations emerged between pandemic-related topics and moderate to severe anxiety and depression for non-HCW controls.

Conclusions

The study provides large-scale quantitative evidence that during the initial wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, HCWs faced unique work-related challenges and stressors associated with anxiety and depression, which required dedicated treatment efforts. The study further demonstrates how natural language processing methods have the potential to surface clinically relevant markers of distress while preserving patient privacy.
Corpus-Based Discourse Analysis of a Reddit Community of Users of Crystal Methamphetamine: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Lustig Andrew , Brookes Gavin
Published: September 2023

Background

Methamphetamine is a highly addictive stimulant that affects the central nervous system. Crystal methamphetamine is a form of the drug resembling glass fragments or shiny bluish-white rocks that can be taken through smoking, swallowing, snorting, or injecting the powder once it has been dissolved in water or alcohol.

Objective

The objective of this study is to examine how identities are socially (discursively) constructed by people who use methamphetamine within a subreddit for people who regularly use crystal meth.

Methods

Using a mixed methods approach, we analyzed 1000 threads (318,422 words) from a subreddit for regular crystal meth users. The qualitative component of the analysis used concordancing and corpus-based discourse analysis to identify discursive themes informed by assemblage theory. The quantitative portion of the analysis used corpus linguistic techniques including keyword analysis to identify words occurring with statistically marked frequency in the corpus and collocation analysis to analyze their discursive context.

Results

Our findings reveal that the subreddit contributors use a rich and varied lexicon to describe crystal meth and other substances, ranging from a neuroscientific register (eg, methamphetamine and dopamine) to informal vernacular (eg, meth, dope, and fent) and commercial appellations (eg, Adderall and Seroquel). They also use linguistic resources to construct symbolic boundaries between different types of methamphetamine users, differentiating between the esteemed category of “functional addicts” and relegating others to the stigmatized category of “tweakers.” In addition, contributors contest the dominant view that methamphetamine use inevitably leads to psychosis, arguing instead for a more nuanced understanding that considers the interplay of factors such as sleep deprivation, poor nutrition, and neglected hygiene.

Conclusions

The subreddit contributors’ discourse offers a “set and setting” perspective, which provides a fresh viewpoint on drug-induced psychosis and can guide future harm reduction strategies and research. In contrast to this view, many previous studies overlook the real-world complexities of methamphetamine use, perhaps due to the use of controlled experimental settings. Actual drug use, intoxication, and addiction are complex, multifaceted, and elusive phenomena that defy straightforward characterization.
THE BALANCE ABILITY OF TOP-LEVEL FEMALE RHYTHMIC GYMNASTS: DOES IT PREDICT THEIR PERFORMANCE SCORES?
Authors: Purenović-Ivanović Tijana , Roška Nataša , Sterkowicz-Przybycień Katarzyna , Moskovljević Lidija , Jovanović Saša
Published: September 2023

Rhythmic gymnastics (RG) is an extremely demanding sport that has a positive effect on the exerciser’s motor status. However, in order to be able to acquire RG contents, the existence of certain minimally developed motor skills, including the ability of postural control and body stabilisation during dynamic movements, is of vital importance. The main objective of this study is to assess the role, contribution and influence of balance ability on performance scores in RG. The sample consisted of 126 international-level female rhythmic gymnasts (RGs), divided into five age categories (15 seniors, 25 juniors, 26 advanced-level RGs, 38 intermediate-level RGs, and 22 beginners). Their baseline characteristics (age, body height and mass, body mass index) were established, along with their balance abilities (balance on toes (left/right leg) test, single leg (left/right) balance test – eyes closed, double pivot in passé test). The data was analysed (descriptive statistics, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, multivariate and univariate regression analysis) using SPSS 21.0. The results of the multivariate regression analysis indicate the existence of a statistically significant influence of the balance ability of advanced-level RGs, as well as the RGs comprising the rest of the sample, on their performance scores (p=0.01 and p=0.00, respectively), with statistically significant individual contributions of the balance on toes test – right leg (advanced-level RGs: p=0.01, total sample: p=0.02), and dynamic balance (total sample: p=0.00). The final conclusion is that balance ability is a significant predictive factor of RGs’ performance scores, with a variance explanation of 35% (advanced-level RGs), i.e. 24% (entire sample).
An inverse source time-fractional diffusion problem via an input-output mapping
Authors: Atmania Rahima , Settara Loubna
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we investigate an inverse source problem involving a one-dimensional diffusion equation of a time-fractional RiemannLiouville derivative with 0 < α < 1. First, results on the existence and regularity of the weak solution of the direct problem are obtained. For the determination of the unknown time-dependent source term, we use a monotone and distinguishable input-output mapping defined by the additional over-determination integral data for the considered sub-diffusion problem. Finally, the uniqueness of the solution of the inverse problem is proved.
Política de sustentabilidad en universidades mexicanas
Authors: Nava-Bringas M. E. , Piñar-Álvarez M. A. , Wojtarowski-Leal A.
Published: September 2023

Las universidades deben generar en sus estudiantes la capacidad de reflexionar y entender las consecuencias del actual modelo de desarrollo e impulsar en ellos la conversión a profesionistas que propongan modelos alternativos con un enfoque sustentable. Sin embargo, se observa resistencia en la incorporación del eje ambiental en las políticas educativas universitarias, planes y programas de estudio. Los objetivos de esta investigación son, por una parte, realizar un análisis bibliométrico de documentos relacionados con los conceptos sustentabilidad y política educativa; por otra, analizar las políticas de sustentabilidad de tres universidades mexicanas con los mejores puntajes en la clasificación mundial de sustentabilidad 2021, políticas que fueron comparadas con la política actual de la Universidad Veracruzana. En cuanto al diseño metodológico, para el análisis bibliométrico se utilizó la base Dimensions y los datos se analizaron mediante el programa VOSviewer. El análisis de políticas se realizó con el método de análisis de contenido. Los resultados bibliométricos arrojan que existen muy pocos trabajos documentados para México: de 16 registros, cinco son trabajos de autores mexicanos y 11 de colaboraciones con mexicanos, en un total de 2,562 registros a nivel internacional. El análisis de contenido muestra la diversidad existente entre los documentos analizados y la inexistencia de pasos que generen normativas, planeaciones y acciones. Como conclusión, se plantea la necesidad urgente de documentar la inclusión de la sustentabilidad en la política educativa, así como los diagnósticos que sienten las bases del cambio en las instituciones de educación superior en México.
Los bachilleratos en línea de SECTEI-CDMX: una entrevista a la Dra. Ofelia Angulo
Authors: Vadillo Guadalupe
Published: September 2023

En la siguiente entrevista, la Dra. Ofelia Angulo Guerrero, titular de la Secretaría de Educación, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (SECTEI) de la Ciudad de México, nos introduce a dos programas de educación en línea de nivel bachillerato. Por un lado, el Bachillerato policial está diseñado para elementos de la Secretaría de Seguridad Ciudadana que carecen de este nivel educativo, mientras que el Bachillerato en línea Pilares está dirigido a las personas que, debido a diversas circunstancias, no pudieron o no pueden acceder a una educación presencial convencional. La Dra. Angulo resalta las distintivas características de ambos programas, enfatizando sus respectivas ventajas. Además, comparte estrategias que desde la SECTEI buscarán promover la inscripción y la permanencia en estos programas educativos.
Ionic Liquid Mediated Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of 5-((1, 3-DIPHENYL-1H-PYRAZOL-4-YL) METHYLENE) THIAZOLIDINE-2, 4-DIONES
Authors: Sowbhagyam D Valli , Koteswararao D. , Prameela Dr. K
Published: September 2023

Abstract: A series of 5-((1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methylene)thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives were synthesised by the Claisen-Schmidt condensation of 1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde with thiazolidine-2,4-dione using Ionic liquid under both conventional heating method and microwave irradiation method. All the synthesised derivatives were screened for their anticancer activity against three different human cell lines as cervix (SiHa), brest (MDA-MB-231) and pancreatic carcinoma (PANC-1) using the Sulforhodamine B assay method.
Estrategias de oxigenoterapia y soporte ventilatorio, en cuidado intensivo neonatal post administración de surfactante pulmonar
Authors: Valero-Ortiz Adriana Sofía , Roa-Cubaque Marcela América , Corredor-Gamba Sandra Patricia , Rojas-Laverde María del Pilar , Chaparro-Cristancho Laura Piedad , Ibáñez-Torres Leidy Johana , Fonseca-Moreno Yudi Lorena
Published: September 2023

Introducción: Las estrategias ventilatorias y de oxigenoterapia utilizadas en recién nacidos pretérmino, favorecen la ventilación y oxigenación alveolar, influyendo en los cambios clínicos y hemodinámicos del paciente. Objetivo: Determinar las estrategias ventilatorias y de oxigenoterapia utilizadas pos-administración de surfactante pulmonar en recién nacidos que ingresaron a la Unidad de Cuidado Intensivo Neonatal del Hospital Universitario San Rafael de Tunja. Materiales y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo transversal correlacional, muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia, con 172 registros de pacientes, análisis univariado con medidas de tendencia central y correlación con método de Wilcoxon. Resultados: Predominó el sexo masculino, casi la totalidad presentó déficit de surfactante pulmonar con sobrevida. Los recién nacidos tuvieron en promedio 30 semanas de edad gestacional y 1532 g. La mayoría requirió ventilación mecánica invasiva y no invasiva, las estrategias ventilatorias y de oxigenación más utilizadas fueron ventilación con presión positiva intermitente y la cánula nasal convencional. Finalmente, existió relación entre peso y edad gestacional con el tipo de surfactante pulmonar, estrategias ventilatorias y desenlace clínico del recién nacido. Conclusiones: El peso al nacer y la edad gestacional fueron indicadores significativos para determinar el tipo de surfactante pulmonar a administrar, las estrategias ventilatorias, de oxigenoterapia y el desenlace clínico del paciente.
Cuidados y arreglos. La importancia del arraigo al barrio en un contexto de pandemia
Authors: Lopez-Villanueva Cristina , Crespi Vallbona Montserrat
Published: September 2023

La pandemia y la experiencia reciente de confinamiento han intensificado la centralidad de los cuidados como herramienta indispensable para garantizar el bienestar de las personas. Pese a la hipermovilidad y la globalización, la crisis sanitaria ha acrecentado la importancia del arraigo al lugar, como espacio material para el desarrollo de las relaciones sociales. El objetivo del trabajo es estudiar la relevancia de lo local, del barrio, como manifestación territorializada, en el que los hogares, los vecinos y la comunidad organizan las rutinas en la gestión de la vida cotidiana. El trabajo se ha llevado a cabo a partir de un análisis cualitativo de más de 20 entrevistas en profundidad en dos barrios de la ciudad de Barcelona: Sant Antoni (Distrito Eixample) y Montbau (Distrito Horta-Guinardó). Los resultados ponen de manifiesto el refuerzo de la proximidad y la importancia de la escala barrial en la provisión de bienestar; el barrio se configura como el espacio donde se desarrolla el sentido de pertenencia; se conforman lealtades y se construye una identidad social compartida. El estallido de la COVID19 ha incrementado esta solidaridad barrial, afianzando anclajes. La densidad de las relaciones sociales, la propiedad de la vivienda y el nivel de satisfacción con los vínculos sociales y el barrio son los elementos que consolidan el arraigo. No obstante, este no está exento de grandes desafíos que se derivan de algunas dinámicas urbanas recientes que comportan fragmentación social y disolución de vínculos.
On a gap in the proof of the generalised quantum Stein's lemma and its consequences for the reversibility of quantum resources
Authors: Berta Mario , Brandão Fernando G. S. L. , Gour Gilad , Lami Ludovico , Plenio Martin B. , Regula Bartosz , Tomamichel Marco
Published: September 2023

We show that the proof of the generalised quantum Stein's lemma [Brandão & Plenio, Commun. Math. Phys. 295, 791 (2010)] is not correct due to a gap in the argument leading to Lemma III.9. Hence, the main achievability result of Brandão & Plenio is not known to hold. This puts into question a number of established results in the literature, in particular the reversibility of quantum entanglement [Brandão & Plenio, Commun. Math. Phys. 295, 829 (2010); Nat. Phys. 4, 873 (2008)] and of general quantum resources [Brandão & Gour, Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 070503 (2015)] under asymptotically resource non-generating operations. We discuss potential ways to recover variants of the newly unsettled results using other approaches.
Synthesis of Fluorescent Carbon Dots from Soybean Residuals Using Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Gea Saharman , Ayu Dinda G. , Andriayani Andriayani , Goei Ronn
Published: September 2023

Soybean residuals are biowaste composed of carbon chains and amine groups bounded in peptide linkages. The component was identified through FTIR analysis which showed the vibration of the diamide bond (N=C=N) at wave number 2132cm-1. Owing to the existence of these components, soybean has the potential to be used as a precursor to synthesize carbon nano-material, such as Carbon Dots (C - Dots). In this study, the synthesis of C - Dots material from soybean residuals was carried out using the facile hydrothermal method at a temperature of 200 oC for 6 hours. Afterward, the as-synthesized C - Dots were analyzed for their optical property, structure, and morphology. Based on the analysis of the UV - Vis and photoluminescent spectra, C - Dots exhibited absorbance peaks of 292 nm and 301 nm in the UV light region, and fluorescence emission peaks of 468 nm, with blue luminescence characteristics. The observation was supported by the morphological analysis using the HR - TEM, C - Dots exist in a spherical shape with an average particle size of 3.467 nm and a lattice distance of 0.363 nm. Besides, the C - Dots exhibited a good quantum yield of 28.15 %. From the results of the analysis, it is known that the synthesis of C - Dots material has been successfully carried out with particle size < 10 nm.
Forecasting Air Quality: A Comparative Study of Time Series Approaches
Authors: Pasupuleti Satya Dev , Ludwig Simone
Published: September 2023

Air pollution is a major problem in many countries and especially in
India. In November 2019, New Delhi recorded an air quality index level
of 900, which is considered higher than the ‘severe’ level. The air
pollution forecasting method predicts the pollution based on the
available dataset and the data features and certain method performance
in forecasting at high accuracy depends on the method and the measures
used. Forecasting air quality levels in countries like India is very
important because it has a direct impact on public health, and thus, is
used for decision making. The main goal for this paper is to investigate
air quality index prediction based on different algorithms, so experts
can identify the methods that require development and it is useful as a
starting point for novice researchers. The problem of the Air Quality
Index (AQI) prediction in this paper is approached with different Fuzzy
Inference Systems (FIS), Neural Networks, Swarm intelligence techniques
and so on. The results of the experiments shows that the LSTM model
performs better than all the deep learning based models and Fuzzy based
models discussed in this paper
Childhood Cancer Data Initiative: Status Report
Authors: Kingery Rena K. , Jagu Subhashini , Mardis Elaine , Wedekind Mary , Widemann Brigitte , Gonzalez Samantha L. , Shern John , Reaman Gregory
Published: September 2023

In March 2023, over 800 researchers, clinicians, patients, survivors,
and advocates from the pediatric oncology community met to discuss the
progress, plans, and future priorities of the National Cancer
Institute’s Childhood Cancer Data Initiative. We present here the status
of the initiative’s efforts in building its data ecosystem to provide
access to childhood cancer data; updates on the Molecular
Characterization Initiative; plans for implementing a Coordinated
National Initiative for Rare Cancers in Children and Young Adults; and
efforts to establish a framework for computable consent.