bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pulsed Ho:YLF laser intra-cavity pumped by a diode-pumped Q-switched Tm:YAP laser
Authors: Liu Jingjing , Peng Qianqian , Zhang Cheng , Dong Jiahao , Liu Jie
Published: March 2024

We reported an intra-cavity pumped Q-switched laser with dual-wavelength synchronous output at 2066.7 nm and 1940nm. Ho:YLF crystal was pumped by a self-Q-switched Tm:YAP laser, which was served as both a gain medium and a saturable absorber simultaneously. For Ho:YLF laser, under 11.4-W incident pump power, a stable pulse laser was achieved at 2066.7 nm with the highest peak power of 69.65 W and the pulse repetition rate of 42.14 kHz. Under the same incident pump power, the highest peak power and pulse repetition rate of Tm:YAP laser were 17.85 W and 50.82 kHz, corresponding to the central wavelength of 1940nm. These results suggested that Q-switching without additional absorber element were effective way to obtain high-efficiency and compact 2.1 µm pulsed laser.
Wavelength division multiplexing based on the coupling effect of helical edge states in two-dimensional dielectric photonic crystals
Authors: He Liu , Lan Zhihao , Yang Yuting , Ren Qun , You Jian Wei , Sha Wei E. I. , Liang Wu , Yao Jianquan
Published: March 2024

Photonic topological insulators with topologically protected edge states featuring one-way, robustness and backscattering-immunity possess extraordinary abilities to steer and manipulate light. In this work, we construct a topological heterostructure (TH) consisting of a domain of nontrivial pseudospin-type topological photonic crystals (PCs) sandwiched between two domains of trivial PCs based on two-dimensional all-dielectric core-shell PCs in triangle lattice. We consider three THs with different number of layers in the middle nontrivial domain (i.e., one-layer, two-layer, three-layer) and demonstrate that the projected band diagrams of the three THs host interesting topological waveguide states (TWSs) with properties of one-way, large-area, broad-bandwidth and robustness due to coupling effect of the helical edge states associated with the two domain-wall interfaces. Moreover, taking advantage of the tunable bandgap between the TWSs by the layer number of the middle domain due to the coupling effect, a topological Y-splitter with functionality of wavelength division multiplexing is explicitly demonstrated exploiting the unique feature of the dispersion curves of TWSs in the three THs. Our work not only offers a new method to realize pseudospin-polarized large-area TWSs with tunable mode-width, but also could provide new opportunities for practical applications in on-chip multifunctional (i.e., wavelength division multiplexing) photonic devices with topological protection and information processing with pseudospin-dependent transport.
High accuracy ranging for space debris with spaceborne single photon Lidar
Authors: Tian Yuan , Hu Xiaodong , Chen Songmao , Zhao Yixin , Zhang Xuan , Wang Dingjie , Xu Weihao , Xie Meilin , Hao Wei , Su Xiuqin
Published: March 2024

The increasing risk posed by space debris highlights the need for accurate localization techniques. Spaceborne single photon Lidar (SSPL) offers a promising solution, overcoming the limitations of traditional ground-based systems by providing expansive coverage and superior maneuverability without being hindered by weather, time, or geographic constraints. This study introduces a novel approach leveraging non-parametric Bayesian inference and the Dirichlet process mixture model (DPMM) to accurately determine the distance of space debris in low Earth orbit (LEO), where debris exhibits nonlinear, high dynamic motion characteristics. By integrating extended Kalman filtering (EKF) for range gating, our method captures the temporal distribution of reflected photons, employing Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) for iterative solutions. Experimental outcomes demonstrate our method’s superior accuracy over conventional statistical techniques, establishing a clear correlation between radial absolute velocity and ranging error, thus significantly enhancing monostatic space debris localization.
Crosstalk mitigation of a controllable annular auto-focusing vortex beam array in a turbulent atmosphere
Authors: Ge Xiaolu , Shang Yu , Mi Zhiwei , Zhao Zihan , Zhang Liping , Wang Benyi , Lei Chengxin , Man Zhongsheng
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we introduce a new type of controllable auto-focusing vortex beam array named annular quasi-Airy vortex beam array (QAVBA), which can reduce the crosstalk among different orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes of optical vortex. The effects of initial beam parameters of annular QAVBA and propagation conditions on the OAM mode propagation performance are investigated. The results indicate that the topological angle θ, the topological charge m, and the decay parameter α could manipulate the auto-focusing characteristics of annular QAVBA and regulate the crosstalk of OAM modes. The crosstalk among OAM modes increases with the turbulence strength. Interestingly, the annular QAVBA with obtuse topological angle is favorable for the OAM mode transmitting at far propagation distance or in strong atmospheric turbulence when the decay parameter α is large enough for the energy of annular QAVBA mainly concentrating on the main light ring. Our research provides a reference for optimizing the design of light sources and free-space optical communication system with annular QAVBA.
Polarized vortex Smith–Purcell radiation with cascaded metasurfaces
Authors: Xu Wenxia , Li Wenjia , Wang Yehan , Qin Chunhua , Sun Botian , Guan Chunying , Liu Jianlong , Shi Jinhui
Published: March 2024

We introduce the concept of polarized vortex Smith–Purcell radiation by the interaction of an electron beam and cascaded metasurfaces. The spin and orbital angular momenta of Smith–Purcell radiation are determined by the cascaded metasurface that consists of a grating and a phase gradient metasurface. The grating converts the electron beam radiation into the desired polarized light, while the phase gradient metasurface generates the vortex light. Furthermore, the vortex Smith–Purcell radiation with linear and circular polarizations can be achieved by the various cascaded metasurfaces. In particular, the conversion of chirality in the Smith–Purcell radiation carrying circular polarization is accompanied by the alteration of positive and negative topological charges. This work paves the way for generating polarized vortex electron radiation and is beneficial to promote the development of free-electron-driven devices.
Tailored fabrication of a self-rolled-up AlGaN/GaN tubular structure with photoelectrochemical etching
Authors: Hwang Hyunsu , Ahn Seonghun , Song Hyun Gyu , Woo Kie Young , Cho Yong-Hoon
Published: March 2024

Group III-nitride semiconductors with tubular structures offer significant potential across various applications, including optics, electronics, and chemical sensors. However, achieving tailored fabrication of these structures remains a challenge. In this study, we present a novel, to the best of our knowledge, method to fabricate micro-sized tubular structures by rolling the layered membrane of group III-nitride alloys utilizing the photoelectrochemical (PEC) etching. To customize the geometry of the tubular structure, we conducted an analytic calculation to predict the strain and deformation for the layered membrane. Based on the calculations, we designed and fabricated an AlGaN/GaN/InGaN/n-GaN/ sapphire structure using metal–organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). Photolithography and PEC etching were employed to selectively etch the sacrificial InGaN layer. We investigated the changes of optical properties of the rolled-up structure by utilizing micro-photoluminescence (µ-PL) and micro-Raman spectroscopy.
Joule-class THz pulses from microchannel targets
Authors: Bruhaug G. , Rinderknecht H. G. , Weichman K. , VanDusen-Gross M. , Palastro J. P. , Wei M. S. , Regan S. P. , E Y. , Garriga K. , Zhang X.-C. , Collins G. W. , Rygg J. R.
Published: March 2024

Inference of joule-class THz radiation sources from microchannel targets driven with hundreds of joule, picosecond lasers is reported. THz sources of this magnitude are useful for nonlinear pumping of matter and for charged-particle acceleration and manipulation. Microchannel targets demonstrate increased laser–THz conversion efficiency compared to planar foil targets, with laser energy to THz energy conversion up to ∼0.9% in the best cases.
Instantaneous frequency measurement based on photonic compressive sensing with sub-Nyquist pseudo-random binary sequences
Authors: Li Runcheng , Yang Shuna , Yang Bo , Gao Yiran , He Hongxia , Chi Hao
Published: March 2024

We propose a novel, to the best of our knowledge, approach to realizing instantaneous frequency measurement with ultrahigh measurement bandwidth, which utilizes three-channel photonic compressive sensing (CS) with sub-Nyquist pseudo-random binary sequences (PRBSs). In each CS channel, an alias frequency is recovered due to the sub-Nyquist property of the applied PRBS. A frequency identification algorithm is employed to determine the frequency of the signal under measurement according to the three alias frequencies. The proposed approach significantly reduces the bit rate of the applied PRBSs and the sampling rate required by the digitizers in CS. A proof-of-concept experiment for measuring frequency in the Ku band is demonstrated using PRBSs at 1 Gb/s and digitizers with a sampling rate of 250 MS/s.
3D printed structures with a tailored refraction index fabricated with an acrylate resin modified by a conjugated polymer
Authors: Borges Fábio Galvão , Denadai Bruno Benegra , Cezar Francisco Cano Silva , Toledo Harison J. , Cunha Leonardo V. P. , Tarczewski Leonardo , Barbosas Juscelino Valter , González Juan C. , Macedo Andreia Gerniski , Rodrigues Paula Cristina , Volpato Neri , de Almeida Prado Pohl Alexandre
Published: March 2024

Resins for 3D printing usually do not present suitable photoluminescence for application in optoelectronic devices. Herein, a conjugated polymer (PFeBSe) with luminescent and high refraction index properties was synthesized and used to modify an acrylate-based resin. This PFeBSe copolymer presents an ester-based side group that enhances the compatibility with the acrylate resin, resulting in a homogeneous polymeric blend. Further, the modified resin was employed with the 3D digital light processing (DLP) technique to produce luminescent guiding structures with a tailored refraction index. To maintain the processing parameters of the acrylate resin, the blending with the conjugated polymer was kept at a low concentration in the range of 5% to 15% (v/v). The blending changed the refraction index of the pristine acrylate from 1.49 to 1.51 (5% v/v) and 1.56 (15% v/v), respectively. Moreover, the resulting structures present a low extinction coefficient at the wavelength region above 600 nm. These characteristics enable the fabrication of structures with controllable forms and dimensions that can be used in the design of advanced sensors and optoelectronic devices.
Polarization-Resolved Analysis of Outer Retinal Bands: Investigating Ballistic and Multiply Scattered Photons using FF-OCT
Authors: Ahmed Shaiban , Son Taeyoon , Yao Xincheng
Published: March 2024

Precise interpretation of the anatomical origins of outer retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) presents technical challenges owing to the delicate nature of the retina. To address this challenge, our study introduces a novel polarization-sensitive full-field OCT (FF-OCT) that provides parallel-polarization and cross-polarization OCT measurements, predominantly capturing ballistically reflected photons and multiply scattered photons, respectively. Notably, parallel-polarization OCT unveils layer-like structures more effectively, including the inner plexiform layer (IPL) sub-layers, outer plexiform layer (OPL) sub-layers, and rod/cone OS tips, compared to cross-polarization OCT. Through a comparative analysis of parallel-polarization and cross-polarization OCT images of the outer retina, we discovered that the 2nd outer retinal OCT band results from contributions from both the ellipsoid zone (EZ) and the inner segment/outer segment (IS/OS) junction. Similarly, the 3rd outer retinal OCT band appears to reflect contributions from both the interdigitation zone (IZ) and photoreceptor OS tips. This polarization-sensitive approach advances our understanding of the origins of outer retinal OCT signals and proposes potential new biomarkers for assessing retinal health and diseases
Highly efficient visible and near-IR photon pair generation with thin-film lithium niobate
Authors: Harper Nathan A. , Hwang Emily Y. , Sekine Ryoto , Ledezma Luis , Perez Christian , Marandi Alireza , Cushing Scott K.
Published: March 2024

Efficient on-chip entangled photon pair generation at telecom wavelengths is an integral aspect of emerging quantum optical technologies, particularly for quantum communication and computing. However, moving to shorter wavelengths enables the use of more accessible silicon detector technology, and opens up applications in imaging and spectroscopy. Here, we present high brightness ((1.6 ± 0.3) × 109 pairs/s/mW/nm) visible–near-IR photon pair generation in a periodically poled lithium niobate nanophotonic waveguide. The degenerate spectrum of the photon pairs is centered at 811 nm with a bandwidth of 117 nm when pumped with a spectrally multimode laser diode. The measured on-chip source efficiency of (2.3 ± 0.5) × 1011 pairs/s/mW is on par with source efficiencies at telecom wavelengths and is also orders of magnitude higher than the efficiencies of other visible sources implemented in bulk crystal or diffused waveguide-based technologies. Further improvements in the brightness and efficiencies are possible by pumping the device with a single-frequency laser, which would also shrink the pair bandwidth. These results represent the shortest wavelength of photon pairs generated in a nanophotonic waveguide reported to date by nearly an octave.
Impact of DREAMS interventions on attitudes towards gender norms among adolescent girls and young women: Findings from a prospective cohort in Kenya
Authors: Nelson Kate Andrews , Magut Faith , Mulwa Sarah , Osindo Jane , Kamire Vivienne , Khagayi Sammy , Pulerwitz Julie , Cook Sarah , Gourlay Annabelle , Ziraba Abdhalah , Kwaro Daniel , Floyd Sian , Birdthistle Isolde
Published: March 2024

The DREAMS partnership aims to deliver a comprehensive package to reduce HIV incidence among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW), including through shifting gender norms. We evaluate DREAMS’ effect on attitudes towards gender norms in two Kenyan settings. AGYW aged 15–22 in Nairobi (n = 852) and Gem (n = 761) were randomly selected for cohort enrolment in 2017–18 and followed-up to 2019. We described the proportion of AGYW and their male peers with equitable attitudes towards gender norms, using an adapted version of the GEM scale. We estimated the association between self-reported invitation to DREAMS (in 2017–18) and AGYW’s attitudes towards two dimensions of gender norms, and then applied a causal inference framework to estimate the difference in the proportion of AGYW with equitable attitudes under the counterfactual scenarios that all versus none were DREAMS beneficiaries. We estimated that overall, 90.2% versus 87.1% of AGYW would have equitable norms around sexual and reproductive health decision-making in Nairobi if all versus none were DREAMS beneficiaries (+3.1; 95%CI:-2.5, +9.0). In Gem, we estimated a risk difference of +1.0 (89.6% vs 88.6%, 95%CI: -3.6,+5.6). There was no evidence for an effect of DREAMS on attitudes towards violence-related norms (Nairobi: 82.7% vs 82.2%, +0.5; 95%CI: -5.3,+6.5; Gem: 44.3% vs 48.2%, -3.9; 95%CI: -11.7,+3.0). We found no evidence of an impact of DREAMS invitation on individual attitudes towards gender norms. In some cases, equitable attitudes at enrolment left limited scope for improvement, and additional effort may be required to shift inequitable violence attitudes among both AGYW and their male peers.
Challenges to integrating programs for the elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B into antenatal care: Experiences from Indonesia
Authors: Wulandari Luh Putu Lila , Lubis Dinar Saurmauli , Kurniati Desak Putu Yuli , Sumintang Karjono , Ardrini Dewa Ayu Mirah , Mariani Putri , Januraga Pande Putu , Camellia Artha , Laksmi Ni Made Diah Permata , Mahmudah Laila , Ong Jason J. , Causer Louise , Liverani Marco , Guy Rebecca , Wiseman Virginia
Published: March 2024

The WHO’s Asia-Pacific framework for triple elimination recommends that countries evaluate their programs for the elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B (EMTCT), including identifying gaps to improve program planning and the implementation of elimination strategies in antenatal care (ANC) services. In 2022, the Indonesian Ministry of Health reported that only 39% of pregnant women were tested for HIV, 14% for syphilis, and 28% for hepatitis B, respectively. We conducted a qualitative study involving a focus group discussion (FGD) and in-depth interviews with 25 key stakeholders in Bali and West Nusa Tenggara Provinces to identify specific challenges to testing for HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B in ANC settings. Thematic analysis was used to identify the themes generated from the data. Health system bottlenecks experienced by stakeholders included supply chain management issues involving stock forecasting and stock monitoring, stock-outs of rapid test reagents which were particularly most frequent and for longer durations for syphilis and hepatitis B, high staff turnover, lack of staff training on how to perform the test, the complexity and time needed to record the data on women’s characteristics, risk behaviours, and testing in both paper format and into the computer-based surveillance systems, discrepancies in program coverage data from different divisions of the district health office involved in the reporting system, high levels of stigma that prevented women from being followed up, challenges in notifying partners, and inadequate reporting and referral of women from private providers to public ones for testing. Interventions addressing the above challenges are worthy of consideration to improve the health system function and integrate EMTCT into the ANC settings.
A scoping review on the use of consumer-grade EEG devices for research
Authors: Sabio Joshua , Williams Nikolas S. , McArthur Genevieve M. , Badcock Nicholas A.
Published: March 2024

Background

Commercial electroencephalography (EEG) devices have become increasingly available over the last decade. These devices have been used in a wide variety of fields ranging from engineering to cognitive neuroscience.

Purpose

The aim of this study was to chart peer-review articles that used consumer-grade EEG devices to collect neural data. We provide an overview of the research conducted with these relatively more affordable and user-friendly devices. We also inform future research by exploring the current and potential scope of consumer-grade EEG.

Methods

We followed a five-stage methodological framework for a scoping review that included a systematic search using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. We searched the following online databases: PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and IEEE Xplore. We charted study data according to application (BCI, experimental research, validation, signal processing, and clinical) and location of use as indexed by the first author’s country.

Results

We identified 916 studies that used data recorded with consumer-grade EEG: 531 were reported in journal articles and 385 in conference papers. Emotiv devices were used most, followed by the NeuroSky MindWave, OpenBCI, interaXon Muse, and MyndPlay Mindband. The most common usage was for brain-computer interfaces, followed by experimental research, signal processing, validation, and clinical purposes.

Conclusions

Consumer-grade EEG is a useful tool for neuroscientific research and will likely continue to be used well into the future. Our study provides a comprehensive review of their application, as well as future directions for researchers who plan to use these devices.
A novel method for detecting credit card fraud problems
Authors: Du HaiChao , Lv Li , Wang Hongliang , Guo An
Published: March 2024

Credit card fraud is a significant problem that costs billions of dollars annually. Detecting fraudulent transactions is challenging due to the imbalance in class distribution, where the majority of transactions are legitimate. While pre-processing techniques such as oversampling of minority classes are commonly used to address this issue, they often generate unrealistic or overgeneralized samples. This paper proposes a method called autoencoder with probabilistic xgboost based on SMOTE and CGAN(AE-XGB-SMOTE-CGAN) for detecting credit card frauds.AE-XGB-SMOTE-CGAN is a novel method proposed for credit card fraud detection problems. The credit card fraud dataset comes from a real dataset anonymized by a bank and is highly imbalanced, with normal data far greater than fraud data. Autoencoder (AE) is used to extract relevant features from the dataset, enhancing the ability of feature representation learning, and are then fed into xgboost for classification according to the threshold. Additionally, in this study, we propose a novel approach that hybridizes Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) and Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling Technique (SMOTE) to tackle class imbalance problems. Our two-phase oversampling approach involves knowledge transfer and leverages the synergies of SMOTE and GAN. Specifically, GAN transforms the unrealistic or overgeneralized samples generated by SMOTE into realistic data distributions where there is not enough minority class data available for GAN to process effectively on its own. SMOTE is used to address class imbalance issues and CGAN is used to generate new, realistic data to supplement the original dataset. The AE-XGB-SMOTE-CGAN algorithm is also compared to other commonly used machine learning algorithms, such as KNN and Light GBM, and shows an overall improvement of 2% in terms of the ACC index compared to these algorithms. The AE-XGB-SMOTE-CGAN algorithm also outperforms KNN in terms of the MCC index by 30% when the threshold is set to 0.35. This indicates that the AE-XGB-SMOTE-CGAN algorithm has higher accuracy, true positive rate, true negative rate, and Matthew’s correlation coefficient, making it a promising method for detecting credit card fraud.
Clonal integration of stress signal induces morphological and physiological response of root within clonal network
Authors: Duan Su-Juan , Du Jie , Yu Dong-Wei , Pei Xiang-Jun , Yin Da-Qiu , Wang Shi-Jun , Tao Qi-Zhong , Dan Yi , Zhang Xiao-Chao , Deng Jie , Chen Jin-Song , Wei Qing , Lei Ning-Fei
Published: March 2024

Clonal integration of defense or stress signal induced systemic resistance in leaf of interconnected ramets. However, similar effects of stress signal in root are poorly understood within clonal network. Clonal fragments of Centella asiaticas with first-young, second-mature, third-old and fourth-oldest ramets were used to investigate transportation or sharing of stress signal among interconnected ramets suffering from low water availability. Compared with control, oxidative stress in root of the first-young, second-mature and third-old ramets was significantly alleviated by exogenous ABA application to the fourth-oldest ramets as well as enhancement of antioxidant enzyme (SOD, POD, CAT and APX) activities and osmoregulation ability. Surface area and volume in root of the first-young ramets were significantly increased and total length in root of the third-old ramets was significantly decreased. POD activity in root of the fourth-oldest and third-old ramets was significantly enhanced by exogenous ABA application to the first-young ramets. Meanwhile, total length and surface area in root of the fourth-oldest and third-old ramets were significantly decreased. Ratio of belowground to aboveground biomass in the whole clonal fragments was significantly increased by exogenous ABA application to the fourth-oldest or first-young ramets. It is suggested that transportation or sharing of stress signal may induce systemic resistance in root of interconnected ramets. Specially, transportation or sharing of stress signal against phloem flow was observed in the experiment. Possible explanation is that rapid recovery of foliar photosynthesis in first-young ramets subjected to exogenous ABA application can partially reverse phloem flow within clonal network. Thus, our experiment provides insight into ecological implication on clonal integration of stress signal.
Exploring the experiences of wellbeing, health, and healthcare among women who have been domestically sex trafficked in Ontario, Canada: A qualitative study protocol
Authors: Bruder Rhonelle , Mason Robin , Williams Charmaine C. , Du Mont Janice
Published: March 2024

Introduction

Although there is a growing body of evidence to suggest that persons who have been sex trafficked can suffer devastating health consequences and often face challenges accessing suitable care that addresses their health and overall well-being, little existing research has adopted a survivor-informed approach. Centering the voices of sex-trafficked women in this research will provide valuable insights into their health-related experiences and can help lay the foundation for survivor-centric healthcare responses.

Methods and analysis

Using a semi-structured interview guide, we will interview women who have been domestically sex trafficked in Ontario; recruitment will continue until data saturation is reached. Interview questions and prompts will elicit information about women’s experiences prior to, during, and after their trafficking ordeal, with particular attention paid to their encounters with healthcare providers. Intersectionality theory will inform strategies for recruitment, data collection, and data analysis. Data will be analyzed deductively as well as inductively using Braun and Clarke’s six phases of reflexive thematic analysis. The study’s design was informed by the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ), which ensures a comprehensive and robust reporting of interview data. We will continue to adhere to the COREQ checklist throughout the data collection, analysis, and findings write-up phases, helping to ensure methodological accuracy and transparency.

Discussion

To our knowledge, this will be the first Canada-specific investigation to apply intersectionality theory to explore the experiences of well-being, health, and healthcare from the perspectives of women who have been domestically sex trafficked. The results of this study hold the potential to improve responses to trafficking within the healthcare sector. Specifically, the findings could be used to inform the development of education materials and curricula for medical students and continuing professional education for health and allied healthcare providers. They could also inform the creation of patient experience surveys and intake forms for sex trafficked patients.
Visual overload: The influence of broadcast social media visuals on televised debate viewing outcomes
Authors: Jennings Freddie J. , Bouchillon Brandon , Bramlett Josh C. , Eubanks Austin D. , Stewart Patrick A. , Miller Jason M.
Published: March 2024

During the 2016 US presidential primary debate cycle, CBS displayed tweets alongside presidential candidates on-screen. Using the elaboration likelihood model and social identity theory, the current study reveals the incorporation of Twitter comments and metrics may have hindered normative outcomes of debate viewing. A mixed-method approach consisting of content analysis and an eye-tracking intervention was used to understand the effects of including socially networked information in televised debates. Findings show that including information from social media on-screen appeared to displace elaborative energy, limiting what viewers learned about candidate policies, and leaving them feeling disillusioned about politics. Polarization seemed to increase, while viewing tweets on-screen also related to being less persuaded by candidates. The inclusion of on-screen social media visuals during televised debates may overwhelm the viewer’s ability to process and retain democratic information.
Decolonialidade e a Teologia Negra no Brasil
Authors: Silva de Andrade Charlisson , Domingues Petrônio
Published: March 2024

O artigo tem a finalidade de examinar aspectos da Teologia Negra no Brasil, tendo em vista o seu potencial decolonial. A análise está centrada no Grupo Atabaque: Cultura Negra e Teologia, de São Paulo, por ter sido um dos precursores e mais importantes centros de produção e difusão do pensamento teológico negro no Brasil. Antes, porém, serão abordados, num primeiro momento, o entrelaçamento entre Decolonialidade e pensamento afrodiaspórico. Em seguida, o possível lugar da Teologia no projeto Decolonial. E, por fim, a constituição, o desenvolvimento e o discurso da Teologia Negra no Brasil.
Avaliação da qualidade de queijos artesanais Serrano e Colonial produzidos em São Francisco de Paula, RS
Authors: Garcia Lisiane Da Silveira , Folchini Jéssica Aneris , Ramos Anelise Trindade , Mascitti Andréa Karoline , Rebesquini Renata , Deon Thaís Oliveira , Voges Joana Gerent , Gomes Danilo Cavalcante , Modesto Elisa Cristina
Published: March 2024

As diferenças entre o Queijo Artesanal Serrano (QAS) e o Queijo Colonial (QC) estão relacionadas com o método de fabricação e principalmente com a legislação disponível. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade de queijos artesanais Serrano e Colonial, elaborados com leite pasteurizado ou cru e curados por 15 dias, produzidos na cidade de São Francisco de Paula, no Rio Grande do Sul. Foram coletadas, através de um checklist, as informações sobre os manejos dos animais e as Boas Práticas de Ordenha realizada nas propriedades, a partir disso foram propostas intervenções para melhoria dessas práticas. Em todas as visitas eram coletadas amostras de leite do tanque, e uma amostra de queijo. Os resultados das análises de composição centesimal dos leites mostraram que houve diferença estatística entre as três propriedades para todas as variáveis analisadas (p0,05). Os valores de CPP e CCS estavam de acordo com a legislação sanitária vigente nas propriedades B e C. O queijo da propriedade A obteve maiores teores de gordura e sólidos totais, enquanto o da propriedade C obteve maiores teores de proteína e lactose. Os resultados das análises microbiológicas das amostras de queijo apresentaram diferença estatística entre as três propriedades quanto à presença de coliformes a 35°C (p0,05), sendo o menor valor na propriedade A. Os valores de coliformes a 45°C e Staphylococcus spp. não apresentaram diferença estatística e todas as amostras coletadas apresentaram ausência de Listeria spp. e Salmonella spp. Verificou-se que, um período de maturação de apenas 15 dias não foi suficiente para que os queijos apresentassem valores dentro dos parâmetros estabelecidos para Staphylococcus spp.
Niveles de adiposidad corporal en el fenotipo delgado metabólicamente obeso: Análisis transversal de pobladores peruanos
Authors: Guerra Valencia Jamee , Yabiku-Soto Kiomi , Roque Juan Carlos , Barengo Noël C. , Saavedra-García Lorena
Published: March 2024

Introducción: La relación entre la composición corporal y el fenotipo delgado metabólicamente obeso (DMO), caracterizado por problemas metabólicos en personas con un IMC normal, ha sido poco estudiada en población latina. A pesar de que el IMC se utiliza ampliamente para evaluar las asociaciones entre sobrepeso, obesidad y la salud metabólica, presenta limitaciones en la diferenciación entre grasa y masa magra. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la asociación entre el porcentaje de grasa corporal (%GC) estimado a través de pliegues cutáneos y el diagnóstico de DMO en la población peruana.
Metodología: Estudio analítico transversal con datos de la cohorte PERU MIGRANT. Se incluyeron participantes con IMC entre 18,5 a 24,9 kg/m² sin antecedentes de diabetes e hipertensión. El DMO se definió como ≥2 factores de riesgo cardio metabólicos. El punto de corte óptimo del %GC se obtuvo mediante la curva de la característica operativa del receptor (COR) y área bajo la curva con intervalos de confianza (IC) al 95%, estratificado por sexo y utilizando el índice de Youden. Se realizó un modelo lineal generalizado con enlace log y familia Poisson con varianza, obteniendo razones de prevalencia crudas y ajustadas (RPc y RPa) con IC95%.
Resultados: Se incluyó 321 participantes en el estudio. El 54,52% eran mujeres y 9,66% tenía ≥60 años. La prevalencia del DMO fue 32,09% y varió significativamente según el sexo, grupo de edad y %GC. Los puntos de corte óptimos del %GC para DMO fueron 20,70% en hombres y 32,45% en mujeres. La regresión múltiple reveló que un alto %GC aumentó significativamente la RPa en 3,09 (IC95% 2,04-4,67) veces, tras ajustar por covariables.
Conclusión: Este estudio confirma la relación entre el %GC estimado mediante pliegues cutáneos y el diagnóstico de DMO. Destaca la importancia de evaluar la composición corporal integralmente, incluso en personas delgadas, para prevenir eficazmente las alteraciones metabólicas asociadas.
Coenological and synphysiological investigation on loess grassland vegetation (Salvio-Festucetum rupicolae) close to Gödölló Hills (Hungary)
Authors: Szerdahelyi Tibor , Foti Szilvia , Czobelj Szilard , Balogh Janos , Nagy Zoltan , Tuba Zoltan
Published: March 2024

Parallel coenological and synphysiological examinations were carried out on three typical xerophilous loess grassland stands of Salvio-Festucetum rupicolae community in the Gödöllö Hills, near Isaszeg village. Three stand types, a Carex humilis, a Chamaecytisus austriacus and a Stipa dasiphylla dominated ones were investigated at the same spatial scale (mesoscale). In our sample area apparent dominance by three species (Festuca rupicola, Stipa dasiphylla, and Carex humilis) suggested that these stands of this subassociation have been emerged from three types of differing species composition. According to these analyses three groups dominated by Carex humilis, Chamaecytisus austriacus and Stipa dasiphylla of festucetosum rupicolae subassociation of a stand of Salvio-Festucetum rupicolae association were separated. Results of the synphysiological measurements show, that water shortage and senescence in autumn are responsible for the different physiological performances of the three types. In the well-watered summer period we found significant difference only between the physiological activity of the Carex- and Chamaecytisus- dominated types, however this difference is due to the significant LAI-difference and after relating photosynthesis to 1 m2 leaf area, the difference is non-significant.
Pollution of garden soils and vegetables in the Salek valley
Authors: Kugonič Nives , Pokorny Boštjan , Stropnik Melita
Published: March 2024

Soil pollution and accumulation of heavy metals in the most com­ mon vegetables were investigated in the Salek Valley, where the largest Slovenian thermal power plant of Sostanj (STPP) is located. Methods were chosen according to international and Slovenian standards. Heavy metal content in soils and plants was determined by ICP-MS, ETAAS and hydride technique after appropriate diges­ tion of samples. Results revealed that garden soils in the Salek Valley are not pol­ luted in general with heavy metals. On the contrary, some plant species exceeded permitted levels of Cd. Our results showed that the most sensitive group of plants are still affected, although emissions of heavy metals markedly decreased after the desulfurisation device was built at the STPP.
Diversity of Bytterfly Fauna (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) in the Skocjanske jame Regional Park
Authors: Čelik Tatjana
Published: March 2024

In 2001 and 2002 buttert1y diversity were sampled in Skocjanske jame Regional Park, across 9 habitat types: dry grasslands, semi-dry grasslands, unmanaged dry grasslands (dry grasslands in the early successional stages), culti­ vated grasslands, abandoned fields, woodland margins, woodland paths, tracks and rides, screes and settlements. A total of 90 species of butterflies were recorded, which represent 50% of Slovenian butterfly fauna. All-European (33%), south-European (20%) and southeast-European (17%) species are prevailing. The butterfly fauna consists of grassland (56 spp.), seminemoral (16 spp.), nemoral (8 spp.) and ubiquitous (10 spp.) species. Among grassland species are 34 (39%) mesophilous and 22 (24%) xerothermophilous species. A total of 18 (20%) species are threatened at a European and a national level. Species composition of habitat type depends on floristic composition and structure of vegetation in habitat type, and land­ scape structure, which affects dispersal of butterfly species. The highest alfa diversity was found in dry grasslands (62 spp.) and unmanaged dry grasslands (60 spp.). The large proportions of special­ ist species and habitat heterogeneous area result in high values of beta diversity between habitat types and high gama diversity. For preserving the high species richness and threatened species in studied area, the most important habitat types are dry grasslands, semi-dry grasslands, unmanaged dry grasslands, woodland margins, woodland paths and screes.
Blending Personal Health, Family Matters and Personal Time Management for the Best Work-life Balance
Authors: Saad Mazni , Jaafar Aishah Nawwarah , Ong Mohd Hanafi Azman , Yulinda Eni , Kumarasamy Mokana Muthu , Mahmod Razmah
Published: March 2024

This paper aims to develop a theoretical perspective to better understand hospitality workers’ behaviours in blending family life and work for the best work-life balance. The perspective is guided by social exchange theory. It examines hospitality workers’ behaviour that has high levels of positive valence to be most influential for their work-life balance due to profitable relationships. We describe these theoretical principles and sub-principles concerning hospitality workers to build a research agenda to encourage future research. A response rate of 28% from food and beverage companies participated in the online survey via the web-based questionnaire design. The results indicate that family matters, time management, and personal health bring 60% of predictions for F&B workers’ work-life balance. Three predictors were positive and significantly affected the work-life balance, with personal health being the biggest influence, followed by family matters, and time management. Implications, limitations, and recommendations are also discussed at the end of this paper.
Sustainable Supply Chain Management Education: Employing Artificial Intelligence, Augmented Reality, and Gamification for Effective Learning
Authors: Mokhtar Ahmad Rais Mohamad , Sundram Veera Pandiyan Kaliani , Shahrom Melissa
Published: March 2024

Sustainable supply chain management education has assumed critical importance in today's context of evolving environmental, economic, and social sustainability objectives. The growing complexity of supply chain management underscores the necessity for acquiring new competencies to navigate these challenges. Furthermore, as businesses are compelled to enhance their practices with heightened awareness of environmental issues, the imperative for sustainable management becomes increasingly evident. Future business leaders or supply chain managers, particularly higher learning institution’s students, should be able to demonstrate the ability to navigate and harness the collective environmental intelligence within their supply networks, promoting the principles of environmental sustainability. This study aims to examine the impact of immersive learning (artificial intelligence, augmented reality, and gamification) towards education, in the context of understanding sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) practices and concepts. The study used a cross-sectional survey approach with a purposive sampling technique to collect data from 204 respondents. The findings of this study suggest that immersive learning techniques are significant and positive factors that contribute to SSCM education. The evidence presented suggests that artificial intelligence and gamification serve as transformative tools, enhancing students' comprehension of SSCM concepts and fostering a genuine interest in adopting more sustainable business practices. In essence, this research reinforces the indispensability of sustainable supply chain education in equipping future business leaders with the knowledge and skills required to navigate the complexities of contemporary SC management while championing environmental, economic, and social sustainability goals.
The Stoic Distinction between Syllogisms and Subsyllogisms
Authors: Ruge Fabian
Published: March 2024

This paper aims to explain the distinction between syllogisms and subsyllogisms in Stoic logic. Subsyllogisms replace at least one premise in a syllogism with a premise that is, according to Galen and Alexander, equipollent to the respective syllogistic premise. This equipollence is not synonymy of meaning between two linguistic expressions, but obtains between two propositions when they are true or false by the same standard. Subsyllogistic premises are simple propositions that are equipollent to the non-simple premises of the respective syllogisms. For subsyllogistic premises that replace syllogistic premises consist of predicates combining with cases rather than of connectives or negations governing propositions. Because of this difference in their premises, subsyllogisms have a different logical form than syllogisms and are not formally valid.
Well, maybe you shouldn’t go around shaving poodles: collostructional semantic and discursive prosody in the go (a)round Ving and go (a)round and V constructions
Authors: Jensen Kim Ebensgaard
Published: March 2024

This article presents a corpus-based study of the go (a)round Ving- and go (a)round and V-constructions in American English. More specifically, it addresses the possibility of the constructions serving as pragmatic markers of stance through the collocational phenomenon of semantic prosody. It is argued that the notions of internal and external constructional properties from the early days of construction grammar as well as the corpus-linguistic idea of association patterns would be beneficial to usage-based construction grammatical descriptions of phenomena such as semantic prosody. Drawing on a 248,145,425-word portion of the Corpus of Contemporary American English, both simple collexeme analysis and distinctive collexeme analysis are applied to generate output that feeds into semantic-prosodic analysis. Moreover, standard distinctive collexeme analysis and multiple distinctive collexeme analysis are applied at the level of semantic prosodies in the collexemic fields (i.e., distinctive semantic-prosodic analysis), at the level of verbal category colligations (i.e., distinctive colligational analysis), and at the level of speech act functions of usage-events of the two constructions (i.e., distinctive speech act analysis) as a type of trial balloon. The purpose is to expand semantic-prosodic analysis from focusing merely on lexemes to exploring how other linguistic and pragmatic phenomena may be at play.
The Entrepreneurial Intention-Action Relationships among Young Entrepreneurs: A Taxonomy-Based Perspective
Authors: Alshibani Safiya Mukhtar , Bukhari Atiya , Ramadani Veland , Hughes Mathew (Mat)
Published: March 2024

Although entrepreneurial intentions have been widely studied, however, the relationship between intention and action is an understudied area, especially in the Middle East/North African (MENA) region. This paper investigates the antecedents of the intention-action relationships based on the doer, procrastinator, dreamer, and abstainer taxonomy of student entrepreneurs. In this paper, a sample (N = 12,947) from seven countries from the MENA region, and a multinomial logistic regression modelling. Findings show that university contextual factors play a significant role in the likelihood of students actively starting their own business, or just procrastinating and dreaming about it. More specifically, entrepreneurial-oriented learning programs reduce the probability of students completely abstaining from choosing entrepreneurship as a career. Past research primarily has utilized a singular intention framework (an “all-or-nothing” decision), without reflecting the stepwise commitment of the entrepreneurial process.
Genetic alterations in myeloproliferative and myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms – a practical guide to WHO-HAEM5
Authors: Kühn Constanze , Hörst Katharina , Kvasnicka Hans M. , Hochhaus Andreas , Reiter Andreas
Published: March 2024

Within the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of haematopoietic neoplasms, particularly its fifth version from 2022 (WHO-HAEM5), myeloid neoplasms are not only grouped into myeloproliferative (MPN) and myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS). There is also a group of haematological disorders that share features of both categories termed myelodysplastic /myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPN). In this article, we aim to provide a comprehensive and practical guide to WHO-HAEM5 highlighting the genetic alterations that underlie MPN and MDS/MPN. This guide provides an overview of the overlapping commonalities among these entities, as well as their unique characteristics.
Calibration-free approaches for quantitative analysis of a brass sample
Authors: Gupta Vikas , Rai Abhishekh Kumar , Kumar Tejmani , Tarai Akash Kumar , Kumar Gundawar Manoj , Rai A. K.
Published: March 2024

Calibration-free laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (CF-LIBS) is successfully employed to determine the chemical composition of brass samples using the LIBS technique. The sample is irradiated with a Q-switched Nd: YAG laser with a pulse width of 5 ns to generate laser-induced plasma (LIP) on the sample surface. The time evolution spectra were recorded from the surface of the brass sample only with an accumulation of five laser shots to get one LIP spectrum. Time-resolved LIP spectra have been utilized to identify the most appropriate time window (where the plasma is optically thin and in local thermal equilibrium) suitable for CF-LIBS implementation. Stoichiometric ablation is also demonstrated for metallic brass samples with the aforementioned laser in the present study. To obtain definitive quantitative information from LIP, the characterization of the plasma, i.e., spectral line intensity, spectral line broadening, electron number density, and plasma temperature, has been analyzed in this paper. Based on two different CF-LIBS algorithms, the brass sample composition was determined and found to be in good agreement with the certified results. This paper also compares and contrasts both strategies, as well as discusses their place and importance. The results of the present manuscript illustrate the potential applicability of CF-LIBS for yielding precise and accurate compositions of brass.