bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Krško NPP Experience with RTD Bypass Elimination
Authors: Janković Gordan
Published: July 2022

This paper describes Krško experience and problems that had to be resolved with RTD Bypass Elimination project (RTDBE). Following RTD bypass manifold isolation valve leak in 2008, Krško decided to perform RTDBE modification on reactor coolant system narrow range temperature measurement system. The installation was performed during Outage 2013. Soon after the plant returned to power, newly configured measurement channels showed that OPΔT reactor trip was oversensitive to spikes caused by auxiliary relay operation in the cabinets nearby. The solution was to reconfigure OPΔT trip filtering constants to filter out short-term spikes in the signal. After almost full operating cycle of trouble-free operation, RTD failures started occurring on reactor coolant system cold leg, which was caused by the high frequency vibrations (3-5 kHz) induced by reactor coolant pumps. To resolve RTD failures, Krško ordered re-design of the RTDs to add robustness and specific qualification in high-frequency vibration operating environment. Improved RTDs were installed in Outage 2016 and were operating one full cycle with minor deviations.
Innovation in Power Maneuvering Mode for NPP Hanhikivi with WWER- 1200 reactor
Authors: Ponomarenko Grigory
Published: July 2022

The possible innovative methods of maneuvering are investigated on the example of NPP Hanhikivi with WWER-1200 reactor in a frame of AES-2006 project. Stationary fuel loading analysis was performed for the for the most significant graph of daily manoeuvring (100-50-100)% Nnom with the rate of power change 1-5 % Nnom per minute, that are the European Utility Requirements. The improvement is ensured by maintaining a constant average coolant temperature in the core "Tav = const" (by changing the pressure in SGs) and a constant boron content in the primary coolant "CB = const". The change of power and Xenon concentration during power manoeuvring is compensated by special movement of the special chosen grey CRs in the core instead of CB change. CB is changed in usual way only for fuel burnup compensation during reactor campaign. The mode "Tav = const" is normally used for the control of power of PWRs in wide diapason and it reduces the amount of radioactive primary water discharges and the mechanical fatigue of the RCS components. Implementation of both – main mode "Tav = const" and auxiliary mode "CB = const" leads to positive effect of synergy. The mode "Tav = const" facilitates the implementation of the mode "CB = const" very much, and they together allow to completely eliminate the production of liquid waste during maneuvering and ensure load following practically for the full length of reactor campaign. Presence of large CRs quantity (121 pieces) in the WWER-1200 allows using part of them as grey CRs without safety violation due to small decrease of EP efficiency. The efficiency of grey CRs is 2-3 times less than of usual black CRs that allows more softly maintain criticality, AO and power peaking factors in their acceptable diapasons at CB = const. Analysis is performed with Russian 3D code BIPR-7 only for neutronics aspects without considering strength cyclic characteristics of the equipment and nuclear fuel.
Dose Calculation for Emergency Control Room HVAC Filter
Authors: Grgić Davor , Vlahović Štefica , Matijević Mario , Dučkić Paulina , Špalj Srđan
Published: July 2022

NPP Krsko is introducing Emergency Control Room (ECR) as part of safety upgrades. According to 10CFR50 Appendix A, GDC 19, both main control room and emergency control room should have adequate radiation protection to permit operators to shutdown the plant and keep it in safe shutdown conditions without receiving more than 50 mSv effective whole body dose, within 30 days from accident initiation. One of the important prerequisites to achieve that is proper operation of control room HVAC. In this work we are focused to calculation of gamma doses from radioactive materials accumulated in HEPA and charcoal filters during 30 days of HVAC operation. The dose at selected points around the filter was calculated using Microshield 10.0 point kernel code. The radioactive gamma source is calculated using RADTRAD 3.03 for plant's severe accident SGTR sequence calculated with MAAP 4.0.7 code. Calculated dose rates at peak filter activity are compared against results obtained with SCALE 6.2 MAVRIC shielding sequence (Monaco Monte Carlo functional module and CADIS methodology). The reasonable agreement between point kernel and hybrid Monte Carlo results was obtained.
Review of Design Extension Conditions Experiments and Analyses for Non-degraded Core
Authors: Prošek Andrej , Uršič Mitja
Published: July 2022

The second generation nuclear power plants were designed and built to withstand without loss to the systems, structures, and components necessary to ensure public health and safety during design basis accidents (DBAs). In the transient and accident analysis the effects of single active failures and operator errors were considered. There are also accident sequences that are possible but were judged to be too unlikely and therefore were not fully considered in the design process of second generation reactors. In that sense, they were considered beyond the scope of design-basis accidents that a nuclear facility must be designed and built to withstand. Such accident sequences have been analysed in the past to fully understand the capability of a design. The requirements to analyse such sequences for existing reactors have been introduced after Fukushima Dai-ichi accident. In 2012 the design extension conditions (DECs) were introduced in the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) requirements for the design of nuclear power plants (NPPs). Western European Nuclear Regulators Association (WENRA) requirements of existing reactors for DEC were introduced in 2014. The purpose of considering DEC is to further improve safety by enhancing the plant’s capability to withstand the conditions generated by accidents that are more severe than DBAs. This concept by IAEA and WENRA (WENRA definition of DEC is consistent with IAEA definition from 2012, in which DEC with prevention of core melt is called DEC A) is not completely new, since some multiple failures have already been considered in the design of existing reactors, for example anticipated transients without scram and station blackout. The research for beyond design basis accidents with non-degraded core (i.e. DEC A) for existing reactors has been already done in 80’s and 90’ of the previous century. The purpose of this paper is to review that research. The tests performed include total loss of feedwater, station blackout, small break without high pressure safety injection, steam generator tube rupture with no high pressure safety injection etc. Besides review of experiments performed on integral test facilities, examples of DEC A tests, which have been analysed at Jožef Stefan Institute using RELAP5 or TRACE computer code in the last three decades, will be presented too.
NPP Krško 3 inch Cold Leg Break LOCA Calculation using RELAP5/MOD 3.3 and MELCOR 1.8.6 Codes
Authors: Benčik Vesna , Grgić Davor , Šadek Siniša , Vlahović Štefica
Published: July 2022

NPP Krško input deck developed at Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing (FER) Zagreb, for severe accident code MELCOR 1.8.6 is currently being tested. MELCOR is primarily used for the analyses of severe accidents including in-vessel and ex-vessel core melt progression as well as containment response under severe accident conditions. Accurate modelling of the plant thermal-hydraulic behaviour as well as engineering safety features, e.g., Emergency Core Cooling System, Auxiliary feedwater system and various containment systems (e.g., Passive Autocatalytic Recombiners, Fan Coolers and Containment spray) is necessary to correctly predict the plant response and operator actions. For MELCOR input data verification, the comparison of the results for small break (3 inch) cold leg Loss of Coolant Accident (LOCA) for NPP Krško using MELCOR 1.8.6 and RELAP5/MOD 3.3 was performed. A detailed RELAP5/MOD 3.3 model for NPP Krško has been developed at FER and it has been extensively used for accident and transient analyses. The RELAP5 model has been upgraded and improved along with the plant modernization in the year 2000. and after more recent plant modifications. The results of the steady state calculation (first 1000 seconds) for both MELCOR and RELAP5 were assessed against the referent plant data. In order to test all thermal-hydraulic aspects of developed MELCOR 1.8.6 model the accident was analysed, and comparison to the existing RELAP5 model was performed, with all engineering safety features available. After initial fast pressure drop and accumulator injection for both codes stable conditions were established with heat removal through the break and core inventory maintained by safety injection. Transient was simulated for 10000 seconds and overall good agreement between results obtained with both codes was found.
Comparing Analysis of Loss of Coolant Accident on Bethsy Facility with Apros 6.05 and 6.06.
Authors: Debelak Klemen , Štrubelj Luka
Published: July 2022

In this paper, the comparison of analysis of international standardized problem ISP 27 using two versions of APROS process simulation software 6.05 and 6.06 is presented. Numerical simulation of experiment Bethsy 9.1b, also known as ISP 27 was performed on a scaled down model of a three loop, 900 MWe Framatome PWR. In the test a small LOCA, with 2-inch cold leg break, combined with High pressure Injection System (HPIS) failure is simulated. State oriented approach, which requires operators to start an Ultimate Procedure were used. Model was first built in APROS 6.05 using standard modules in order to describe the volumes, heat structures and regulation of the test facility and was then exported to APROS 6.06. The results from both versions showed all the processes such as loop seal clearing, core uncover and rise of cladding temperature and other processes taking place in the experiment were in a good agreement with experimental data. However even though results were similar some differences were noticeable. The differences in core cladding temperature, time integrated break mass flow, core liquid level and pressurized pressure were analysed in more detail in this paper.
Potential Impact of Reactor Core Damage on Severe Accident Management Actions in Vicinity of Spent Fuel Pool
Authors: Bašić Ivica , Vrbanić Ivan , Grgić Davor , Mihalina Mario
Published: July 2022

Fukushima Daiichi NPP accident showed that plant technical support center (TSC) in an extreme and rare external event (design extended condition (DEC)) can have a problem in the case of coincident loss of decay heat removal from the core (possibly resulting in significant core damage) and loss of decay heat removal from spent fuel pool. From the point of view of prioritizing severe accident management strategies it looks like the priority mitigation action should be to reestablish the emergency core cooling in the reactor pressure vessel. The reason is the longer time window available before the water inventory in the spent fuel pool would be evaporated and spent fuel exposed to overheating. However, if such actions would not be successful and reactor core would, consequently, be damaged, potential design basis leakage (or even greater leakage) from the containment to the fuel handling building (FHB) can affect already established TSC measures or operator accessibility to FHB, or it can jeopardize functioning of the systems, structures and components due to radioactive releases and presence of hydrogen (independently of the fact that containment atmosphere can be inerted by steam or that containment may be equipped with passive autolytic recombiners (PARs)). Paper describes an engineering evaluation of possible hydrogen presence in the containment annulus, its flammability and leakages through the penetrations toward FHB in the case of long term station blackout (SBO) without successful restoration of the core cooling in the reactor pressure vessel. SBO accident sequence progression and amount of produced hydrogen is evaluated by MAAP code.
Exploratory Visual Study of Movies and its related factors
Authors:   M. Sc Decision and Computing Sciences, Coimbatore Institute of Technology, D Sanchez Innocencia , A Kannammal ,   Dept. of Decision and Computing Sciences, Coimbatore Institute of Technology
Published: July 2022

The film Industry is one of the most evergreen industries in the field of entertainment world-wide. Film Industry plays a vital role in the global economy. Though there are a huge number of movies released on a daily basis, only a countable number of movies hit an enormous audience. This paper deals with the analysis of the movies taking into consideration the features like the Genre, directors, the year of release, the budget and the revenue, the success rate of the movies etc. The analysis is being displayed in the form of a dashboard. This dashboard uses Kibana to access and import the dataset of the movies for parsing and processing within Logstash. From the Logstash, the data discovers the top genres, the movie with highest revenue, the top actors and directors as per the number of movies and the countries which make more movies and also the highest ratings of the movies based on the language. Several analyses have been carried out for visualizing the movies and its related factors. This paper helps the film industry understand the success of the movies. The idea of this paper is to build a self-explorable dashboard in favor of the users so that they take control of the dashboard and select the necessary dimensions and measures. And also, it helps the people in the film industry to have an analysis on the revenue. Keywords: Logstash, Kibana, Dashboard, Film Industry
STUDY ON EVALUATION OF MEDICATION USE PATTERNS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF URETERAL STENT DISCOMFORT
Authors:   Pharm. D Intern, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, SHARABU SUSMITHA , MEKALA SIVA ,   Pharm. D Intern, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, SHAIK SHABANA ,   Pharm. D Intern, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, B SUVEDA ,   Pharm. D Intern, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, SORABADI DIVYA ,   Assistant Professor, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Tirupati
Published: July 2022

Background: The insertion of double -j stents is considered as a routine and common Urological procedure. It can cause stent related discomfort, which affect nearly 80% of patients with indwelling ureteral symptoms, pharmacological management is one of the main trails that were done to reduce ureteral stent discomfort. This study aimed to evaluate the drug utilization patterns in management of ureteral stent discomfort. Methods: This prospective, observational study was conducted in the Department of Urology. 54 patients were enrolled into the study who underwent ureteral stent positioning, and evaluated the prescription patterns and by administration of validated USSQ for assessment of stent related symptoms. Results: 54 prescription patterns were evaluated and among them 39 are receiving Tamsulosin and 15 are receiving Tamsulosin + Tolterodine. During the follow up the USSQ scores were significantly low after the drug administration. The USSQ scores of Tamsulosin when compared with Tamsulosin in combination with tolterodine, there was significantly more improvement in the reduction of stent discomfort during the combination therapy. Conclusion: Alpha blockers (Tamsulosin), in patients with indwelling stents reduces the stent related symptoms. Combination of alpha blockers (Tamsulosin) and anticholinergics (Tolterodine) seems to have a better efficacy in improving the ureteral stent discomfort. KEY-WORDS: Ultrasonography, Ureteroscopy, Ureteroscopic lithotripsy, Ureteral stent symptom questionnaire (USSQ)
EFFECTS OF MUSIC STIMULATION ON PREGNANCY
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Psychology Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli., A . C Asha , T Yuvaraj ,   Head of the Department of Psychology Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli.
Published: July 2022

The study aims to explore, review and report the effects of music stimulation among pregnant women. Music therapy is the clinical and evidence-based use of music to complete the individualized goals within a therapeutic relationship by a professional who has completed an approved music therapy program (American Music Therapy Association definition, 2005). Studies found that music increases the unborn child’s intelligence; sound stimulation enhances the brain’s maturation (McMahon, Wintermark, & Lahaina, 2012); the Mozart effect boosts creativity; and in utero listening to lullabies improves prenatal and postnatal sleeping habits (Wolfgang, 2016). The study aims to explore the effects of music stimulation on psychophysiological problems. Music-related bonding, prenatal sound stimulation to trigger learning processes, pedagogical effects, an evolutionary perspective of music, and brain maturation among pregnant women psycho physiological problems among pregnant women were discussed in this study. The effects of music on pregnant women are powerful to overcome psycho-physiological mechanisms (Akmese& Oran, 2014). Studies also discover how sound, rhythm, neural maturation, neuroplasticity, epigenetic processes, and cognitive development to music in prenatal care, benefit medical and academic performance (Mastnak, 2016). Music therapy affects the endocrine, autonomic, cognitive, and emotional domains of the human stress response. Music Therapy can also be utilized with healthy individuals to improve overall wellness (Scheve, 2004). Music has been utilized to provide quiet and relaxation for centuries and all across the world. These are the most extensively researched effects of music (Chanda & Levitin, 2013; de Witte et al., 2020a; Juslin&Vastfjall, 2008; Koelsch, 2015; Mehr et al., 2019). As a result, music therapy interventions are increasingly being used to reduce stress and improve client well-being across a wide range of clinical populations (Agres et al., 2020; Bainbridge et al., 2020; Juslin&Västfjäll, 2008; Kemper &Danhauer, 2005; Koelsch, 2012, 2015; Landis-Shack et al., 2017; Thaut&Hoemberg, 2014). Key Words: Music therapy, pregnant women, prenatal care, postnatal care
Sindrom tricho-rhino-falangian asociat cu infecţie congenitală cu citomegalovirus
Authors:   Clinica II Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, România, Ioniuc Ileana , Goţia Stela ,   Clinica II Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, România, Rugină Aurica ,   Clinica II Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, România, Colţa Mihai ,   Clinica II Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, România, Murgu Alina ,   Clinica II Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, România, Alexoae Monica ,   Clinica II Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi, România
Published: July 2022

Sindromul rhino-tricho-falangian, boală cu determinism genetic, este caracterizat prin anomalii ale creşterii părului, dismorfism facial şi afectări ale scheletului. Evoluţia cazurilor este variabilă, în funcţie de cele trei tipuri de boală. Cazul prezentat se particularizează prin asocierea cu o infecţie cu citomegalovirus, întârzierea în dezvoltarea neuro-motorie si cognitivă a acestui copil fiind influenţată de ambele boli.
Clinical aspects and evolution of urinary tract infection in preterm infants
Authors:   “Gr. T. Popa“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania, Starcea Magdalena I. ,   Pediatric Nephrology Department, “Sf. Maria” Emergency Children’s Hospital, Iasi, Romania, Munteanu Mihaela ,   Pediatric Nephrology Department, “Sf. Maria” Emergency Children’s Hospital, Iasi, Romania, Russu Radu V. ,   Pediatric Nephrology Department, “Sf. Maria” Emergency Children’s Hospital, Iasi, Romania, Brumariu Ovidiu ,   “Gr. T. Popa“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania, Bizim Delia Andreia ,   Faculty of Medicine,“Gr. T. Popa“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania, Miron Ingrith C. ,   “Gr. T. Popa“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania,   Pediatric Nephrology Department, “Sf. Maria” Emergency Children’s Hospital, Iasi, Romania
Published: July 2022

Objective. The aim of the study is a comparative analysis of cases of UTI in children 0-3 years (preterm and term infants) admitted to the IVth Pediatric Clinic , “Sf. Maria” Emergency Hospital for Children, Iasi, between January 2007 – December 2011. Material and methods. We performed a retrospective study on a group of 298 children, age 0-3 years, hospitalized with urinary tract infection (UTI). We identified the features of preterm infants with UTI according to the degree of prematurity, UTI etiology, comorbidities, developmental issues, responsiveness to treatment, and impact of UTI on kidney. Results. The study group was divided into term and preterm children (defined as gestational age less than 37 weeks, weighing less than 2500g). Preterm UTI risk was influenced by age, being 3 times higher compared with children aged 1-3 years. The average age of UTI was 8.8 months for preterms and 14.09 months for term babies. Most preterm children were classified in LBW category. The etiology of urinary infection was dominated in both subgroups by E. coli, Proteus mirabilis and Klebsiella pneumoniae. In preterm children, opportunistic bacteria (bacillus Pseudomonas, enterococci, Acinetobacter) determined 16% of UTIs, compared to only 2% in term children. Fever was the dominant clinical sign in all patients. Other signs on preterms were loss of appetite, prolonged jaundice, diarrhea, respiratory distress. The onset of acute renal failure occurred in 12.5% of preterm and only 1% of term children. First line antibiotherapy was effective in most cases. In microbial resistance, the most frequently involved were aminopenicillins, Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim and cephalosporins. Conclusions. The early diagnosis and treatment have an important role in reducing infectious morbidity, the risk of renal scarring and rapid nutritional rehabilitation in preterm infants.
Questionnaire Study on the Use of Face Masks during the Covid-19 Pandemic among the Dentists and General Public o f Virajpet Town
Authors:   Department of Periodontics, Coorg Institute of Dental Sciences, KK Campus, Virajpet­, Karnataka, 5712182, India, Elchuri Ananya , Pattanshetty Rashmi S , Shaji Abhiraami ​ , Priya V V Swathi , Menon Gayathry S , Shaji Caroline
Published: July 2022

Masks should be used as part of the comprehensive strategy of measures to suppress transmission of COVID-19 and save lives. The aim of the study was to assess the use of face masks among the dentists and general public in Virajpet town. A survey was conducted by distributing a questionnaire (Google forms) to the subjects after obtaining informed consent. A total of 316 individuals in 18-50 age group were surveyed. Cloth mask was used most commonly (61.1%) followed by N95 masks (49.7%), Surgical three ply masks (41.1%) and Respirator (4.1%).88% of the surveyed population reported hand sanitization measures after wearing face masks. Majority of subjects wore face masks for less than 1 hour duration (upto 38%) in a day. The most common reported side effect was sweating (38.9%) followed by Breathing Difficulty (31.6%), Itching (12.7%) and Slurred Speech (9.5%). The results of our study may be of help in construction of general public education campaigns on the proper use of face masks. Keywords: Pandemic, Coronavirus, Facemasks
COVID-19 Vaccines: Vagaries and Vacillations
Authors:   Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Samaranayake Lakshman ​ , Chang Jeffrey Wen Wei , Panduwawala Chamila
Published: July 2022

All healthcare workers, including dental professionals are foot soldiers in the battle against the COVID-19 pandemic. Indeed, in the USA, dental practitioners and dental students are now recruited to deliver COVID-19 vaccines to the general population to expedite vaccine uptake, and rapidly suppress the pandemic. There are many unknowns in the evolving COVID-19 vaccine story, although we now see the true situation in a better light, with the rapid emergence of data from numerous countries, including UK, where the vaccine has currently been administered to millions. The situation is further compounded by the reported vagaries of the increasing number of brand-name vaccines, manufactured on both the new and old vaccine platforms, the purported or real, vaccine adverse effects, the emergence of possible vaccine-resistant viral variants, and the resultant low vaccine uptake due to vacillating public opinion. In this COVID-19 Commentary, we provide an update on the efficacy of the vaccines and the prevalence of adverse effects, as well as a summary of useful information for dental care workers on vaccine protocols appertaining to special situations, as promulgated both by the UK Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation, and the US Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP).
The PAndAS View of the Andromeda Satellite System. III. Dwarf Galaxy Detection Limits
Authors: Doliva-Dolinsky Amandine , Martin Nicolas F. , Thomas Guillaume F. , Ferguson Annette M. N. , Ibata Rodrigo A. , Lewis Geraint F. , Mackey Dougal , McConnachie Alan W. , Yuan Zhen
Published: July 2022

We determine the detection limits of the search for dwarf galaxies in the Pan-Andromeda Archaeological Survey (PAndAS) using the algorithm developed by the PAndAS team. The recovery fractions of artificial dwarf galaxies are, as expected, a strong function of physical size and luminosity and, to a lesser extent, distance. We show that these recovery fractions vary strongly with location in the surveyed area because of varying levels of contamination from both the Milky Way foreground stars and the stellar halo of Andromeda. We therefore provide recovery fractions that are a function of size, luminosity, and location within the survey on a scale of ∼1 × 1 deg2 (or ∼14 × 14 kpc2). Overall, the effective surface brightness for a 50% detection rate ranges between 28 and 30 mag arcsec−2. This is in line with expectations for a search that relies on photometric data that are as deep as the PAndAS survey. The derived detection limits are an essential ingredient on the path to constraining the global properties of Andromeda’s system of satellite dwarf galaxies and, more broadly, to providing constraints on dwarf galaxy formation and evolution in a cosmological context.
Concordance between Observations and Simulations in the Evolution of the Mass Relation between Supermassive Black Holes and Their Host Galaxies
Authors: Ding Xuheng , Silverman John D. , Treu Tommaso , Li Junyao , Bhowmick Aklant K. , Menci Nicola , Volonteri Marta , Blecha Laura , Matteo Tiziana Di , Dubois Yohan
Published: July 2022

We carry out a comparative analysis of the relation between the mass of supermassive black holes (BHs) and the stellar mass of their host galaxies at 0.2 < z < 1.7 using well-matched observations and multiple state-of-the-art simulations (e.g., MassiveBlackII, Horizon-AGN, Illustris, TNG, and a semianalytic model). The observed sample consists of 646 uniformly selected Sloan Digital Sky Survey quasars (0.2 < z < 0.8) and 32 broad-line active galactic nuclei (AGNs; 1.2 < z < 1.7) with imaging from Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) for the former and Hubble Space Telescope (HST) for the latter. We first add realistic observational uncertainties to the simulation data and then construct a simulated sample in the same manner as the observations. Over the full redshift range, our analysis demonstrates that all simulations predict a level of intrinsic scatter of the scaling relations comparable to the observations that appear to agree with the dispersion of the local relation. Regarding the mean relation, Horizon-AGN and TNG are in closest agreement with the observations at low and high redshift (z ∼ 0.2 and 1.5, respectively), while the other simulations show subtle differences within the uncertainties. For insight into the physics involved, the scatter of the scaling relation, seen in the SAM, is reduced by a factor of two and closer to the observations after adopting a new feedback model that considers the geometry of the AGN outflow. The consistency in the dispersion with redshift in our analysis supports the importance of both quasar- and radio-mode feedback prescriptions in the simulations. Finally, we highlight the importance of increasing the sensitivity (e.g., using the James Webb Space Telescope), thereby pushing to lower masses and minimizing biases due to selection effects.
Bulk Properties of Pickup Ions Derived from the Ulysses Solar Wind Ion Composition Spectrometer Data
Authors: Smith William P. , Renfroe Kyle , Pogorelov Nikolai V. , Zhang Ming , Gedalin Michael , Kim Tae K.
Published: July 2022

Nonthermal, pickup ions (PUIs) represent an energetic component of the solar wind (SW). While a number of theoretical models have been proposed to describe the PUI flow, of major importance are in situ measurements providing us with the vital source of model validation. The Solar Wind Ion Composition Spectrometer (SWICS) instrument on board the Ulysses spacecraft was specifically designed for this purpose. Zhang et al. proposed a new, accurate method for the derivation of ion velocity distribution function in the SW frame on the basis of count rates collected by SWICS. We calculate the moments of these distribution functions for protons (H+) and He+ ions along the Ulysses trajectory for a period of 2 months including the Halloween 2003 solar storm. This gives us the time distributions of PUI density and temperature. We compare these with the results obtained earlier for the same interval of time, in which the ion spectra are converted to the SW frame using the narrow-beam approximation. Substantial differences are identified, which are of importance for the interpretation of PUI distributions in the 3D, time-dependent heliosphere. We also choose one of the shocks crossed by Ulysses during this time interval and analyze the distribution functions and PUI bulk properties in front of and behind it. The results are compared with the test-particle calculations and diffusive shock acceleration theory.
Faire corps
Authors: Dujin Anne
Published: July 2022

Alors que les pratiques militantes témoignent d’un corps engagé, le mouvement #MeToo et le rapport de la Ciase révèlent un corps abusé, et les évolutions bioéthiques et technologiques participent d’un corps choisi. Faire corps serait-il une nouvelle frontière politique ?
Après le rapport de la Ciase
Authors: Cordier Alain , Garapon Antoine , Margron Véronique , Dujin Anne , Régnier Quentin
Published: July 2022

Le rapport de la Commission indépendante sur les abus sexuels dans l’Église constitue un jalon dans la manière dont est abordée la question des violences sexuelles. Alain Cordier et Antoine Garapon, membres de la commission, et sœur Véronique Margron, commanditaire du rapport, reviennent sur les principaux enseignements de ce travail, notamment sur les modalités d’écoute de la parole des victimes, et les pistes esquissées pour leur rendre justice.
L’Ukraine, sa résistance par la démocratie
Authors: Daubenton Annie
Published: July 2022

Après les événements de Maïdan en 2013, l’Ukraine décentralise l’État, sur le modèle des hromadas ruraux, ce qui suscite une profonde démocratisation du pays. Et ce sont les commandements locaux qui organisent la résistance à l’invasion russe en février 2022. Un contre-modèle à l’autoritarisme russe ?
Inventer un autre regard sur l’avancée en âge. Vieillissement corporel, féminisme et arts plastiques depuis les années 1970
Authors: Dumas Lorine , Rennes Juliette
Published: July 2022

Cet article restitue l’émergence d’un regard féministe inédit sur le vieillissement corporel à la fois dans les arts visuels, les humanités et les sciences sociales au tournant des années 1970-1980, puis il explore plus particulièrement comment quatre artistes contemporaines se sont emparées de ces enjeux : nées entre les années 1932 et 1946, Joan Semmel, Linn Underhill, Esther Ferrer et Annegret Soltau ont en commun de mobiliser, depuis la fin des années 1990, leur propre corps comme matériau d’exploration sur l’avancée en âge. L’analyse de leurs différentes œuvres met en lumière la manière dont elles perturbent et subvertissent trois principaux schèmes iconographiques et narratifs qui organisent traditionnellement les représentations des âges de la vie au féminin : la rivalité supposée entre jeunes et vieilles femmes ; le vieillissement comme processus de déclin et d’enlaidissement ; et, enfin, la disqualification du désir des femmes catégorisées comme vieilles.
L’enjeu de l’emploi dans la régulation des jeux de hasard et d’argent en France : une analyse entrée-sortie
Authors: Massin Sophie , Miéra Maxence
Published: July 2022

Remerciements et financement : Les auteurs expriment leur profonde gratitude à un rapporteur anonyme pour sa relecture et ses observations constructives qui ont permis d’améliorer substantiellement le manuscrit. Les auteurs tiennent également à remercier Joseph Gbewopo Attila, pour ses précieux conseils concernant le traitement des données, Olivier Musy et Tarik Tadzaït, pour leur disponibilité et leur professionnalisme, et l’Insee pour son concours concernant l’accès aux données. Cette recherche a reçu un financement de l’Observatoire Des Jeux (ODJ). Cette institution n’a cependant joué aucun rôle dans la conception de l’étude, la rédaction du manuscrit ou la décision de soumettre l’article pour publication. Les auteurs demeurent seuls responsables du contenu de cet article. Cet article met en œuvre une analyse entrée-sortie à partir des données de la comptabilité nationale pour éclairer les questions relatives à l’emploi dans le cadre de la régulation des jeux de hasard et d’argent en France. Cette analyse permet d’estimer à 46 285 le nombre total d’emplois imputables à l’activité du secteur des jeux pour l’année 2017, dont 20 170 directs et 26 115 indirects. Elle met aussi en évidence que la dépense de consommation dans les jeux génère moins d’emplois dans l’économie que la dépense de consommation dans les autres secteurs domestiques. Une réallocation de la dépense en jeu des ménages vers les autres secteurs est ainsi bénéfique pour l’emploi domestique (440 emplois créés pour une réallocation d’un milliard d’euros, soit 2 658 emplois créés en cas de «disparition» complète du secteur des jeux). Au-delà des estimations, nécessairement dépendantes des choix méthodologiques effectués, l’intérêt de ce travail est de souligner que l’impact potentiel de la régulation des jeux sur l’emploi est nettement moins important que ne le suggèrent les éléments de communication des opérateurs.
La sexualité en colloque, une « parenthèse enchantée » ?
Authors: Deruelle Farah
Published: July 2022

À travers l’étude d’un espace-temps spécifique généralement occulté, les colloques scientifiques, cet article propose d’explorer la sexualité présente au cœur du travail de recherche, et de la penser comme facteur d’inégalité professionnelle. Il s’appuie, pour ce faire, sur un corpus regroupant 24 entretiens semi-directifs menés auprès de professionnel·le·s de la recherche, pour la plupart des agent·e·s du CNRS issu·e·s de sciences fondamentales. Brouillant les frontières entre sphères publique et privée, les colloques se donnent à voir en instances de socialisation professionnelle informelle, où pratique festive, sexe et science se confondent. Tandis que les hommes perçoivent les colloques comme des opportunités d’allier activités professionnelles et expériences sexuelles, les femmes, exposées aux violences sexuelles, les vivent davantage comme des espaces de danger pour leur intégrité et leur carrière.
Soigner et (se) protéger malgré la pénurie de masques
Authors: Calvignac Cédric , Gaglio Gérald
Published: July 2022

Les équipements de protection sanitaire – au premier rang desquels figurent les masques – ont, à la faveur de l’épidémie de Covid-19, soudainement occupé une place centrale, tant dans la pratique des acteurs de santé que dans le débat public. Par leur absence ou leur faible disponibilité, ils ont considérablement affecté les conditions de travail des soignants, comme les modalités de prise en charge des patients. C’est à cette rupture inattendue et malvenue de la chaîne sociotechnique d’administration des soins que nous consacrons nos développements. Grâce aux 339 témoignages recueillis auprès des professionnels de santé (médicaux et paramédicaux) au cours des mois d’avril et mai 2020, nous analysons d’une part le surtravail occasionné par le nécessaire approvisionnement en masques (prospection) et le non moins nécessaire « reconditionnement » amateur des masques usagés (recyclage). D’autre part, nous examinons les réorganisations en urgence de l’activité de soin elle-même et de sa programmation dans le temps. Enfin, nous nous interrogeons sur les représentations que se font les soignants de leurs rôles et assignations au sein de collectifs ainsi sous-dotés, et sur l’anxiété et les doutes qu’occasionne un exercice professionnel en mal d’équipement.
Mathematical analysis, forecasting and optimal control of HIV/AIDS spatiotemporal transmission with a reaction diffusion SICA model
Authors: Zine Houssine , Adraoui Abderrahim El , Torres Delfim F. M.
Published: July 2022

We propose a mathematical spatiotemporal epidemic SICA model with a control strategy. The spatial behavior is modeled by adding a diffusion term with the Laplace operator, which is justified and interpreted both mathematically and physically. By applying semigroup theory on the ordinary differential equations, we prove existence and uniqueness of the global positive spatiotemporal solution for our proposed system and some of its important characteristics. Some illustrative numerical simulations are carried out that motivate us to consider optimal control theory. A suitable optimal control problem is then posed and investigated. Using an effective method based on some properties within the weak topology, we prove existence of an optimal control and develop an appropriate set of necessary optimality conditions to find the optimal control pair that minimizes the density of infected individuals and the cost of the treatment program.
The effectiveness of an educational session about folic acid on pregnant women's knowledge in Yanbu City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Zahrani Ahlam , Al-Marwani Shorooq
Published: July 2022

Background

Folic Acid (FA) is an important nutritional element during pregnancy. It is B vitamin which is found in the natural and complementary source. Deficiency of FA during pregnancy leads to many maternal and fetal complications such as neural tube defect (NTD), birth defect, spontaneous abortion, and megaloblastic anemia. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of an educational session about FA on pregnant women's knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).

Methods

A quasi-experimental design was conducted on sixty-five pregnant women from the outpatient clinic in Yanbu General Hospital (YGH) using pre-test and post-test questionnaire to assess their FA knowledge. A purposeful sampling method was used to involve the study participants. All the findings were analyzed through SPSS. Descriptive statistic was used to first generate information about the study participants, after which a t-test was conducted.

Results

The participants had poor knowledge about FA before the session but the level was increased after the session with mean difference 5.49. Majority of the study participants 81.5% had knowledge that FA protects against NTD. While, 70% understood that FA is an important vitamin during pregnancy. There is a significant association between the age, income, working status, age of marriage, and knowledge of participants.

Conclusions

An educational session had good effect on pregnant women's knowledge. Health care providers and social media should play more active role to increase the knowledge of FA to pregnant women.
UVC, UVB and UVA susceptibility of Phi6 and its suitability as a SARS-CoV-2 surrogate
Authors: Weyersberg Laura , Klemens Eva , Buehler Jule , Vatter Petra , Hessling Martin
Published: July 2022

For SARS-CoV-2 disinfection systems or applications that are based on UVC, UVB or UVA irradiation, it would be desirable to have a SARS-CoV-2 surrogate for tests and development, which does not require a laboratory with a high biosafety level. The bacteriophage Phi 6, an enveloped RNA virus like coronaviruses, is an obvious candidate for such a surrogate. In this study, UVC, UVB and UVA log-reduction doses for Phi6 are determined by plaque assay. Log-reduction doses for SARS-CoV-2 are retrieved from a literature research. Because of a high variability of the published results, median log-reduction doses are determined for defined spectral ranges and compared to Phi6 data in the same intervals. The measured Phi6 log-reduction doses for UVC (254 nm), UVB (311 nm) and UVA (365 nm) are 31.7, 980 and 14 684 mJ/cm2, respectively. The determined median log-reduction doses for SARS-CoV-2 are much lower, only about 1.7 mJ/cm2 within the spectral interval 251–270 nm. Therefore, Phi6 can be photoinactivated by all UV wavelengths but it is much less UV sensitive compared to SARS-CoV-2 in all UV spectral ranges. Thus, Phi6 is no convincing SARS-CoV-2 surrogate in UV applications.
Les discours du journal
Authors: Saminadayar-Perrin Corinne
Published: July 2022

Au xixe siècle, la presse devient le premier média de masse qu’ait connu la France : aussi désigne-t-on volontiers cette période, qui s’étend jusqu’en 1914, comme la « civilisation du journal ». Or, à lire les journaux les plus « modernes » de la monarchie de Juillet ou du Second Empire (La Presse de Girardin, Le Figaro de Villemessant…), on avise d’un surprenant paradoxe : le journal s’efforce d’inventer un dispositif communicationnel révolutionnaire, distinct de l’ancien modèle oratoire ; pourtant, celui-ci continue à imposer ses paradigmes et ses modèles d’écriture jusqu’à la Troisième République au moins. L’écriture journalistique des années 1836-1885, avant l’émergence en France de la grande presse d’information à l’anglo-saxonne, est constitutivement rhétorique.Quels sont les modalités et les enjeux de cette reconfiguration médiatique d’un très ancien héritage rhétorique ? Quelle conception de la communication et de l’espace public engage-t-elle ? Quel rôle réserve-t-elle à l’intellectuel, à l’écrivain, au journaliste ? Toutes ces questions sont décisives en un siècle où s’invente, en France, la démocratie.
Conférences sans conférer ? Les conférences de l’Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture, 1648-1699
Authors: Bonfait Olivier
Published: July 2022

S’appuyant sur les Procès-verbaux de l’Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture et l’édition récente des Conférences tenues dans cette institution par Jacqueline Lichtenstein et Christian Michel, cet article interroge les pratiques des conférences entre 1667 et 1699 et questionne leur statut d’œuvre collective et d’œuvre collectif. Il insiste sur les tensions entre ce travail groupal, de la rédaction de la conférence à sa publication (imprimée ou sous la forme d’une relecture), et le poids des stratégies d’auteur, dans une logique de service ou d’appropriation auctoriale, ou des attentes et de la présence du pouvoir monarchique. La conclusion, par un parallèle avec l’Académie royale d’architecture met en relief l’ambiguïté de la place accordée à l’écrit chez les peintres en voie de professionnalisation (ou à cause de la nature même de leur art), mais montre l’accord sur la formation d’un lexique, élaboré au sein mais aussi en dehors du lieu académique.
Living Our Values and Culture During Extraordinary Times
Authors: Ruth Amy
Published: July 2022

As the COVID-19 pandemic hit every facet of our lives, GuideWell leaders quickly rose to the challenge to make sure our workforce was safe and prepared to navigate these uncertain times together. They did this by simply living out our great culture that already existed and putting their values into action. Their values influenced every decision they made, from quickly pivoting to working remotely and ensuring their members received affordable treatment and testing to championing vaccination efforts and giving back to communities in need. Their culture and values make them who they are and ground them in how they respond to any crisis situation. And most important, as a health solutions company, they led with action in a caring, compassionate way, not only for their workforce, but for their members and the communities they serve.
Excellence on Fire!
Authors: Stotz Dan
Published: July 2022

Some people are great leaders because they choose to be. Fire chiefs are great leaders because they have to be. They are experts in developing innovative ways to foster employee safety and significance. This chapter presents the framework, process, and strategy that fire-service and public-safety executives use to help firefighters reach their full potential as leaders, innovators, and change makers. Firefighters define leadership as the things a person does and says that inspire others to take action. Like most things in life, leadership is a skill anyone can learn. Yes, becoming a highly respected leader is easy for some people and difficult for others, but with hard work and the right framework, anyone can achieve leadership excellence.
Employees Feeling Significant in a Hybrid Workforce
Authors: Dawson Douglas J.
Published: July 2022

This chapter per the author describes many of the specific challenges faced by workers as a result of the hybrid environment created by the COVID-19 global pandemic. Leaders of organizations are also struggling with many of the same personal challenges and the requirement to meet organizational goals regardless of the environmental factors affecting their employees. This chapter discusses practical management strategies to help leaders at all levels strike a balance between life and work from home so they can lead with authenticity, empathy for the human experience, and a mindset of productive compassion. Employees want to feel valued and significant. How leaders approach the challenges of the hybrid workforce determines whether or not an employee feels empowered, included, and ultimately significant.
Adapting on the Run
Authors: Waters Brodie
Published: July 2022

This chapter examines the impact COVID-19 has had on the world of sports and the critical leadership traits that emerged during this challenging time. Sports leagues around the world were dramatically impacted by the global pandemic, and as they navigated the many “new norms” that were created during this time, certain leadership qualities became extremely important to determining an organization's success. Specifically, the ability of leaders to effectively communicate, be flexible with operational procedures, and to establish a culture of creativity all proved to be instrumental in determining an organization's ability to persevere through the many challenges they faced.
Digital Leadership
Authors: Gutkowski Greg
Published: July 2022

Every company, regardless of size and industry, is in the digital technology business—whether they realize it or not. The authors define digital leadership as having practical skills to lead or guide other individuals, teams, or entire organizations. The main point they are making is that such leadership is impossible without a basic technical understanding of the impact of digital technologies on the business. This does not mean that digital leaders should be software developers, system integrators, or advanced data analysts. However, they should know what is technically feasible to shape and communicate their vision.