bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Os limites do positivismo jurídico e a função política da ideia de direito natural na crítica de Alessandro P. d’Entrèves
Authors: Suarez Pardo Maisa Martorano
Published: March 2023

O presente artigo investiga a abordagem ao direito natural e a crítica ao positivismo jurídico feita pelo filósofo italiano do direito e da política Alessandro Passerin d’Entrèves (1902-1985). O autor recorre a uma abordagem historicizada das ideias de lei e direito natural e identifica nelas uma função política. Longe de querer resgatar uma ideia arcaica de direito natural, ou tentar convencer da vantagem de um ou outro valor superior, o filósofo parece afirmar a necessidade de inclusão de cláusulas de valor no sistema jurídico-político. Por um lado, limitando o campo de atuação da ciência jurídica e política; por outro, imprimindo movimento ao sistema de valores ao direcioná-lo às perguntas perenes que as doutrinas do direito e lei natural pretenderam responder, indicando com isso a função política que desde sempre exerceram. Ao indicar a Filosofia Política como herdeira do debate acerca da autoridade, tenta superar quer as limitações do positivismo quanto do jusnaturalismo.
FOLK ARTS AND CRAFTS OF KAZAKHSTAN: THE CONCEPT OF RENOVATION OF INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS
Authors:   Faculty of Architecture, International Educational Corporation, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Amangeldikyzy R. , Amandykova D.A. ,   Faculty of Design, International Educational Corporation, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Tokajuk A. ,   professor, PhD, Bialystok University of Technology, Bialystok, Poland
Published: March 2023

At present, there is a great interest in Kazakhstan from different generations of people to folk art crafts. Folk arts and crafts are the basis of the country's cultural identification in the global space. The spatial environment or elements created on the basis of ethno-cultural motifs are a global trend. This article discusses the issues of preserving and reviving the artistic traditions of folk arts and crafts at a new level. The concept of the spatial organization of the environment for the production of folk art products is proposed, taking into account their specifics of technological production. The main goal is to create an appropriate spatial environment for high-quality production of elements of folk art, while maintaining the historical and aesthetic categories of products that ensure their recognition as works of art. The concept of integration of education, science and production, spatial organization of buildings of handicraft production is proposed.
THE ROLE OF A THREE-DIMENSIONAL DIGITAL MODEL OF A CITY IN ORGANIZING A COMFORTABLE ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   International Educational Corporation, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Tolegen Zh.Zh. , Pomorov S.B. ,   I. Polzunov Altai State Technical University, Barnaul, Russia, Issabayev G.А. ,   International Educational Corporation, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: March 2023

The worldwide urbanization and the up-tempo rate growth of urban population around the world gain momentum the relevance of the problem in organizing the secure dwelling and public spaces, determining the criteria of creating a comfortable conditions for activities of the human being, searching an architectural affair in improving the quality of urban environment life. Kind of large cities of Kazakhstan as Almaty have transformed into elaborated and dynamic systems, which are a serious problem for urban planning. Among other different and effective ways to solve the forecited problems is the modeling of a three-dimensional digital model of the city. The purpose of this research is to analyze the functional features of three -dimensional digital model of the city and develop the digital double theoretical concept for the enaction of the city of Almaty. Modern scientific research emphasizes the effectiveness role of a three -dimensional digital model in the management system of city, in the educational process, applicable to designing a secure comfortable urban environment.
COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF AUTISM SPECTRUM DIS-ORDERS IN CHILD PSYCHIATRY (WITH THE DESCRIPTION OF 1 CLINICAL CASE)
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, N. K. Hryhoreva , S. N. Shubina ,   Belarusian State Medical University, T. N. Alyko ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: March 2023

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) are developmental disorders that can cause a wide range of problems in social interaction, communication, and be-havior. The high prevalence of these disorders worldwide, "masking", the complexity of diagnosis, the ambiguity of the causes of these developmental disorders, the lack of the possibility of providing effective medical care, the growth of disability in the child population necessitate their comprehensive and timely assessment. The aim of the work is to discuss the need to develop effective screening methods for identifying autism spectrum disorders, implementing programs to help children with this pathology and their parents, which is the basis for effec-tive rehabilitation and improving the prognosis of socialization in these nosologies. The authors describe 1 clinical case of a patient with an autism spectrum disorder, demonstrating the exceptional importance of an integrative assessment of these disorders in child psychiatry.
DIAGNOSIS OF AORTITIS
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, V. M. Sidzenka , A. V. Polyanskaya ,   Belarusian State Medical University, S. V. Khidchenko ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: March 2023

Inflammatory diseases of aorta are associated with such serious complica-tions as dissecting aneurysm, rupture of the aortic wall and thromboembolism, which determine the importance of the early detection of this pathology. The complexity of a timely diagnosis of aortitis can be justified by the absence of pathognomonic clinical symptoms or the development of the disease as a part of a systemic disorder, the non-specificity of changes in standard laboratory tests and the unavailability of the routine morphological examination of the aorta. Differential diagnosis of infectious and non-infectious aortitis is very important, because it influences the effectiveness of treatment. Early recogni-tion of the pathology has become possible due to the accessibility of the specif-ic markers of the systemic diseases, laboratory tests to detect infections and modern instrumental methods of visualization of the aortic lesions. The article presents the causes of infectious and non-infectious aortitis, characteristic of clinically isolated aortitis and periaortitis, and morphological patterns of aorti-tis according to the structure of the inflammatory infiltrate. The authors re-viewed both laboratory tests and methods of instrumental diagnostics that provide significant assistance in identification of the disease aa well as diagnos-tic algorithm of aortitis.
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF THE DISEASE OF TIC-BASED ENCEPHALITIS
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, T. E. Dorojenkova , O. A. Gorbich ,   1st City Clinical Hospital of Minsk, Y. L. Gorbich ,   Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education
Published: March 2023

The authors present the clinical and epidemiological features of the disease of tic-based encephalitis among residents in Belarus. The main reservoirs of in-fection are described. We have demonstrated a clinical case of Central Europe-an tick-borne encephalitis. To solve the set tasks in this research, we used methods of epidemiological diagnostics and statistical research methods. Ac-cording to the results obtained, the incidence of leptospirosis in Belarus for the studied interval (2012–2021) was unevenly distributed over the years. The maximum and minimum indicators differed 1.5 times. The average long-term incidence rate was 1.28 cases per 100 000 population. The analyzed period of time was characterized by a long-term epidemic trend towards an increase in the incidence. The risk group for tick-borne encephalitis was adults (95.0 ± 4.87 %). Most patients with tick-borne encephalitis in 2021 lived in the Moscow and Leninsky districts of Minsk (30.0 ± 10.25 % and 20.0 ± 8.94 %, p < 0.05). The efficiency rate of transmission of the tick-borne encephalitis vi-rus during the bite of a virusophoric tick in 2021 was 1 case of TBE in 54 cas-es of tick bites.
ML Emulation of High Resolution Inundation Maps for Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Analysis
Authors: Gibbons Steven , Storrøsten Erlend , Løvholt Finn
Published: March 2023

Local Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Analysis (PTHA) aims to quantify the likelihood of a given metric of tsunami inundation at a given location over a given time interval. Seismic PTHA can require the simulation of thousands to tens of thousands of earthquake scenarios and can become computationally intractable when inundation over high-resolution grids is required. The numerical tsunami simulations write out time-series at offshore locations to simulate the wave height that would be recorded on tide gauges at selected locations. The offshore time-series can be calculated at a fraction of the cost of the full inundation calculations. For a stretch of the coast of Eastern Sicily, we explore the extent to which a machine learning procedure trained on a small fraction of the total number of scenarios can predict the inundation map associated with a given offshore time-series. We exploit a set of over 30000 numerical tsunami simulations to train and evaluate the ML-procedure. The ML-based inundation predictions for locations close to the water's edge, which are flooded in many of the scenarios, show excellent correspondence with the numerical simulation results. Predicting inundation at locations further inland, which are flooded in only a small number of the simulations, is more challenging. Mitigating this shortcoming is a priority in the ongoing study.
Using Julia for the next generation of HPC-ready software for geodynamic modelling
Authors: de Montserrat Navarro Albert , Kaus Boris , Räss Ludovic , Utkin Ivan , Tackley Paul
Published: March 2023

Following the long-standing paradigm in HPC, scientific software has been typically written in high-level statically typed and compiled languages, namely C/C++ and Fortran. The arguably low productivity rates of these languages led to the so-called two-language problem, where dynamic languages such as Python or MATLAB are used for prototyping purposes, before porting the algorithms to high-performance languages. The Julia programming language aims at bridging the productivity rates and other advantages of such dynamic languages without sacrificing the performance provided by their static counterparts. The combination of this high performance, productivity rates and other powerful tools, such as advanced meta-programming (i.e. code generation), make Julia a suitable candidate for the next generation of HPC-ready scientific software.We introduce the open-source and Julia-written package JustRelax.jl (https://github.com/PTsolvers/JustRelax.jl) as a way forward for the next generation of geodynamic codes. JustRelax.jl is a production-ready API for a collection of highly-efficient numerical solvers (Stokes, diffusion, etc.) based on the embarrassingly parallel pseudo-transient method. We rely on ParallelStencil.jl (https://github.com/omlins/ParallelStencil.jl), which leverages the advanced meta-programming capabilities of Julia to generate efficient computational kernels agnostic to the back-end system (i.e. Central Processing Unit (CPU) or Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)).  Using  ImplicitGlobalGrid.jl (https://github.com/eth-cscs/ImplicitGlobalGrid.jl) to handle the MPI and CUDA-aware MPI communication, these computational kernels run seamlessly in local shared-memory workstations and distributed memory and multi-GPU HPC systems with little effort for the front-end user.Efficient computation of the (local) physical properties of different materials is another critical feature required in geodynamic codes, for which we employ GeoParams.jl (https://github.com/JuliaGeodynamics/GeoParams.jl). This package provides lightweight, optimised, and reproducible computation of different material properties (e.g. advanced rheological laws, density, seismic velocity, etc.), amongst other available features. GeoParams.jl is also carefully designed to support CPU and GPU devices, and be fully compatible with other external packages, such as ParallelStencil.jl and existing auto-differentiation packages.We finally show high-resolution GPU examples of geodynamic models based on the presented open-source Julia tools.
Physics-informed Neural Networks to Simulate Subsurface Fluid Flow in Fractured Media
Authors: Walter Linus , Parisio Francesco , Kong Qingkai , Hanson-Hedgecock Sara , Vilarrasa Víctor
Published: March 2023

Reliable reservoir characterization of the strata, fractures, and hydraulic properties is needed to determine the energy storage capacity of geothermal systems. We apply the state-of-the-art Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINN) to model subsurface flow in a geothermal reservoir. A PINN can incorporate any physical laws that can be described by partial differential equations. We obtain a ground truth dataset by running a virtual pumping-well test in the numerical code “Code_Bright”. This model consists of a low-permeability rock matrix, intersected by high-permeability fractures. We approximate the reservoir permeability with an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) denoted by . Secondly, we model the fluid pressure evolution with the PINN by informing it about the experimental well-testing data. Since observation wells are sparse in space (only the injection well in our case), we feed into a hydraulic mass balance equation. The residual of this equation enforces the loss function of for random collocation points inside the domain. Our results indicate that the ANN is able to approximate even for a high permeability contrast. In addition, the successful interpolation of proves the PINN is a promising method for matching field data with physical laws. In contrast to numerical models PINNs shift the computational efforts toward the training, while reducing the resources needed for the forward evaluation. Nevertheless, training a 3D reservoir model can hardly be achieved  on an ordinary workstation since the training data may include several millions of entries. In addition, computational costs increase due to the inclusion of multiphysics processes in the PINN. We plan to prepare the PINN model for training using parallelized GPUs to significantly increase the training speed of the ANNs.
HPC projects in the Solid Earth ecosystem
Authors: Folch Arnau
Published: March 2023

The second phase (2023-2026) of the EuroHPC Center of Excellence for Exascale in Solid Earth (ChEESE-2P), funded by HORIZON-EUROHPC-JU-2021-COE-01 under the Grant Agreement No 101093038, will prepare 11 European flagship codes from different geoscience domains. Codes will be optimised in terms of performance on different types of accelerators, scalability, containerisation, and continuous deployment and portability across tier-0/tier-1 European systems as well as on novel hardware architectures emerging from the EuroHPC Pilots (EuPEX/OpenSequana and EuPilot/RISC-V) by co-designing with mini-apps. Flagship codes and workflows will be combined to farm a new generation of 9 Pilot Demonstrators (PDs) and 15 related Simulation Cases (SCs) representing capability and capacity computational challenges selected based on their scientific importance, social relevance, or urgency. On the other hand, the first phase of ChEESE was pivotal in leveraging an ecosystem of European projects and initiatives tackling computational geohazards that will benefit from current and upcoming exascale EuroHPC infrastructures. In particular, Geo-INQUIRE (2022-2024, GA No 101058518) and DT-GEO (2022-2025, GA No 101058129) are two on-going Horizon Europe projects relevant to the Solid Earth ecosystem. The former will provide virtual and trans-national service access to data and state-of-the-art numerical models and workflows for monitoring and simulation of the dynamic processes in the geosphere at unprecedented levels of detail and precision. The later will deploy a prototype Digital Twin (DT) on geophysical extremes including 12 self-contained Digital Twin Components (DTCs) addressing specific hazardous phenomena from volcanoes, tsunamis, earthquakes, and anthropogenically-induced extremes to conduct precise data-informed early warning systems, forecasts, and hazard assessments across multiple time scales. All these initiatives liaise, align, and synergise with EPOS and longer-term mission-like initiatives like Destination Earth.
Modelling of extreme sea-level hazards: state-of-the-art and future challenges
Authors: Tojčić Iva , Denamiel Cléa , Vilibić Ivica
Published: March 2023

Meteotsunami events – tsunami-like ocean waves driven by atmospheric disturbances – are, by nature, rare, specific to certain geographical regions and highly variable in time. Consequently, the coastal hazards due to these types of events are known to be difficult to forecast with state-of-the art numerical models presently applied around the world.In order to help the local communities to better prepare for these destructive events (e.g., set temporary protection against flooding and waves, avoid swimming, etc.) and minimize the losses, the Croatian Meteotsunami Early Warning System (CMeEWS) has been recently implemented in the Adriatic Sea in the testing mode. The CMeEWS is mostly based on the Adriatic Sea and Coast (AdriSC) modelling suite and uses an innovative deterministic-stochastic approach for extreme sea-level event predictions. It provides meteotsunami hazard forecasts depending on (1) daily deterministic forecasts by coupled kilometer-scale atmosphere-ocean models, (2) atmospheric observations and (3) stochastic forecasts of extreme sea-level distributions at endangered locations derived with a surrogate model approach. Some of these steps require substantial computational resources and needs an optimized data flow which, at end, defines the operability of the service.Here, the advantages but also the drawbacks of such an approach will be presented through several applications of the AdriSC modelling suite during meteotsunami events in the Adriatic Sea. The future challenges concerning meteotsunami extreme sea-level modelling will be discussed and some potential avenues to further develop the model skills will be considered.
LUMI supercomputer for European researchers
Authors: Zwinger Thomas , Heikonen Jussi , Manninen Pekka
Published: March 2023

LUMI supercomputer, which is currently #3 on the Top500 list and the most powerful system in Europa, started full production earlier this year. LUMI is jointly funded by EuroHPC JU and a consortium of ten countries led by CSC in Finland.In this presentation we first discuss the architecture of LUMI from the user’s point of view. More precisely, we introduce the various partitions that make LUMI exceptionally versatile and suitable for a wide array of applications and workflows.To fully harness the computing power of the system, programmers must be able to utilize the AMD MI250X GPUs of the system. Accordingly, we present the available GPU programming models and paradigms together with the performance analysis tools. We will provide information on the particular strategies to apply based on the initial situation of the application the user wants to be ported and deployed on LUMI; e.g. in terms of existing code-base, programming language, problem size, etc..Finally, we discuss the access and support model: There are various modes and call for access available from both EuroHPC and the consortium countries. The support is handled by the distributed LUMI User Support Team to which all the consortium countries contribute. The consortium also runs a comprehensive training programme.
A distributed-heterogeneous framework for of explicit hyperbolic solvers of shallow-water equations
Authors: L Ferreira Rui M , Conde Daniel , Zhao Zixiong , Hu Peng
Published: March 2023

This work addresses current performance limitations by introducing new distributed multi-architecture design approaches for massively parallel hyperbolic solvers. Previous successful implementations that couple MPI with either OpenMP or CUDA have been previously reported in the literature. We present novel approaches that remain intuitive and compatible with developer-centered object-oriented (OOP) paradigm but coupled with a cache-conscious data layout, compatible with both structured and unstructured meshes, promoting memory efficiency and quasi-linear scalability.One of the approaches is based on a unified object-oriented CPU+GPU framework, augmented with an inter-device communication layer, enabling both coarse and finegrain parallelism on hyperbolic solvers. The framework is implemented through a combination of three different programming models, namely OpenMP, CUDA and MPI. The second approach is also based on a unified object-oriented CPU+GPU framework, augmented with an improved local time step algorithm (LTS) on variable updating. This framework is implemented through a combination of parallel technology (CUDA Fortran) and mathematical algorithm (TLS).The efficiency of these distributed-heterogeneous frameworks are quantified under static and dynamic loads on consumer and professional grade CPUs and GPUs. In both approaches, an asynchronous communications scheme is implemented and described, showing very reduced overheads and a nearly linear scalability for multiple device combinations. For simulations (or systems) with non-homogeneous workloads (or devices) the domain decomposition algorithm incorporates a low-frequency load-to-device fitting function to ensure computational balance. Real-world applications to high-resolution shallow-water problems are presented. The proposed implementations show speedups of up to two orders of magnitude, opening new perspectives for shallow-water solvers with high-demand requirements.
Modelling the accumulation of magma prior to the caldera collapse
Authors: Aellig Pascal , Kaus Boris , de Montserrat Albert , Kiss Daniel , Berlie Nicolas
Published: March 2023

The occurrence of large voluminous volcanic eruptions, so called caldera-forming eruptions, pose a threat to humankind and its growing cities located near volcanoes. With today's technology, the underlying processes of large scale magmatic systems can be modelled to further improve the understanding of all phases of an eruption. For those caldera-forming events, the deficit in overpressure and magma stored within the chamber results in a collapse of the ceiling and permanently alters the geomorphology of the region. The processes of magma accumulation, the resulting overpressure and fracturing of the country rock can be modelled using various dynamic magma models. In this study we take a multiphysical approach and apply an open source thermal evolution magma intrusion model and couple it with a pseudo-transient Stokes solver (PT Solver) written in Julia. The model is set up to run in parallel and work on graphics processing unit (GPU) to maximise its efficiency and applicability to the newest generation of high performance computing (HPC) machines. The coupling enables us to model the growth of the magmatic system while also accounting for different complexities in rheology. The model provides an indication on the long-term magmatic evolution, both thermal and volumetric, during the build-up stage prior to caldera-forming eruptions. 
Towards physics-based finite-fault Monte Carlo PSHA for Southwest Iceland based on a new fault system model
Authors: Kowsari Milad , Halldorsson Benedikt
Published: March 2023

Throughout history, damaging earthquakes have repeatedly struck in Southwest Iceland, the country’s most populated and seismically active region. There, the interplate earthquakes do not occur on sinistral strike-slip faults parallel to the plate margin, but instead on a dense array of near-vertical dextral faults striking perpendicular to the plate margin. This “bookshelf” faulting has not explicitly been accounted for in probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (PSHA). Instead, incomplete earthquake catalogues and simplistic seismic sources have been used in past PSHA that have used conventional methods. Recently however, a new and physics-based 3D fault system model of the Southwest Iceland transform zone has been proposed that effectively explains the observed Icelandic earthquake catalogues. The model moreover allows the systematic spatial variation of fault slip-rates to be modeled by discrete subzonation of the fault system and the equivalent parameters of seismic activity (Mmax, a- and b-values). Through random realizations of fault locations as postulated by the new model, we have simulated multiple finite-fault earthquake catalogues for the entire bookshelf system for earthquakes ranging from magnitude 4 to 7. This in fact allows us to apply conventional PSHA but instead of using e.g. seismic point sources distributed over a designated seismic source areas, the seismic activity of which is predicted by limited historical catalogues, the synthetic finite-fault catalogues are time-independent and embody fully the first two key elements of PSHA, the seismic source locations along with their activity rates. Using multiple empirical hybrid Bayesian ground motion models (GMMs) that recently have been proposed for Southwest Iceland we have predicted the amplitudes (peak ground accelerations and pseudo-acceleration spectral response) from each synthetic finite-fault earthquake on a grid of hypothetical stations. This enables us to carry out a Monte Carlo PSHA that is based on a physical earthquake fault system model. We present the provisional PSHA results for Southwest Iceland and compare them to other relevant efforts, the Icelandic National Annex to Eurocode 8 and the ESHM20, but most importantly to those of a parallel study that carries out a physics-based PSHA based on synthetic ground motion time histories (on the same hypothetical network) from kinematic earthquake rupture modeling (on the same finite-fault earthquake catalogues) implemented in the CyberShake framework adapted to the Southwest Iceland tectonic situation and earthquake source scaling.
Leonardo: A Simulator4Earth
Authors: Lanucara Piero , Amati Giorgio
Published: March 2023

The European supercomputer Leonardo is one of the three pre-exascale systems announced by EuroHPC Joint Undertaking and will be a significant step forward in raising European research in the field of computational science.  CINECA has a long history in supplying the most powerful supercomputers in the world. The strong partnership with the EuroHPC initiative has led to the realization of the Leonardo project, a significant step forward in raising European research in the field of computational sciences. Leonardo (ranked 4th in the last Top500 list), hosted and managed by CINECA's new data center located in the Technopole of Bologna, will be fully operational within the summer of this year.Leonardo will have a strategic role in fostering national and international initiatives with a clear focus on Earth Science, actively supporting relevant projects and activities like the second phase (2023-2026) of the EuroHPC Center of Excellence for Exascale in Solid Earth (ChEESE-2P)1, Geo-INQUIRE2, DT-GEO3 and Destination Earth among the others.In this talk, the Leonardo systems will be introduced, together with the way how CINECA will actively support the scientific ecosystem with emphasis on the support to the Earth community.[1] funded by HORIZON-EUROHPC-JU-2021-COE-01 under the Grant Agreement No 101093038.[2] 2022-2024, GA No 101058518[3] 2022-2025, GA No 101058129
Simulation of Geological CO2 Storage with the GEOS Open-Source Multiphysics Simulator
Authors: Castelletto Nicola
Published: March 2023

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is one of the most important technologies to achieve large-scale reduction in global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The essence of CCS is to capture CO2 produced at power plants and industrial facilities and transport it to safe, permanent storage deep underground. Reducing CO2 emissions into the atmosphere is crucial to cut the carbon footprint of our society. The evaluation of CO2 storage candidate sites requires predictive simulation capabilities to assess site capacity and safety. We present an overview of the GEOS multiphysics simulation platform, an open-source simulator capable of serving as the computational engine for CCS evaluation workflows. We will discuss the development path of GEOS, and motivations to transition from a collection of smaller single-institution code development efforts to a multi-institution collaboration. We will describe the development of a discretization-data infrastructure, a standardized approach to solving single and coupled physics problems, and a strategy to achieve reasonable levels of performance portability across hardware platforms. We will outline the approach to documentation, and planned method of user interaction as the growth of that user base accelerates. Portions of this work were performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07-NA27344. 
Violência contra mulher é da nossa conta: possibilidades de atuação no sistema de controle externo brasileiro
Authors: Farias Cibelly
Published: March 2023

The article discusses the issue of violence against women in Brazil and the importance of external control bodies in addressing the problem. To deal with the topic, the text is organized into five parts. It begins with an initial overview of the issue. Then, alarming statistical data on violence against women is presented, highlighting the increase in reports in recent years. The third part presents the evolution of protective legislation for women’s rights. The fourth part of the work exposes the performance of external control bodies on violence against women, both at the federal level and at the state level. In this case, the representation filed by the Public Ministry of Accounts of Santa Catarina before the Court of Accounts of the State of Santa Catarina (REP n. 4/2019) is examined. In 2021, the court completed a detailed operational audit that evaluated public policies and existing structures in the State related to assistance to women victims of violence. The last part concludes that the action of external control bodies is essential to assist in the evaluation of the problem so that public managers can identify priorities and implement more effective prevention, combat, and assistance actions.
Recursos externos para a administração pública: a contribuição dos novos Bancos Multilaterais de Desenvolvimento
Authors: Ferreira Almeida Thiago
Published: March 2023

Multilateral development banks are international organizations and, therefore, subjects of Public International Law, aimed at promoting financial cooperation through loans and donations to infrastructure projects, acquisition of goods and services for the Public Administration. The creation of the first banks occurred at the end of World War II, in the context of post-war reconstruction. Brazil has a constitutional and legal framework that allows the use of external resources from multilateral banks, as well as the waiver of domestic legislation for the application of external rules, subject to constitutional and procedural requirements. In the first decades of the 21st century, due to the economic growth of emerging countries and the need for greater representation of their decisions in international organizations, new multilateral banks have been created. These banks are characterized by their more flexible rules, greater possibility to make use of national procurement and contracting rules, use of local currency, and fewer conditionalities. Faced with an international context marked by the COVID-19 pandemic, the war in Ukraine, and high inflation, foreign resources qualify as an alternative to contribute to national public policies, and Brazilian institutions need to qualify themselves to be able to request funding for projects of public interest.
NÃO PERMITA DEUS QUE EU MORRA SEM ENTENDER ESSA METRÓPOLE
Authors: Ultramari Clovis , Massuchetto Jazar Manoela
Published: March 2023

O contexto deste artigo é o do diálogo interdisciplinar entre cidade e literatura, onde a segunda é tomada como fonte complementar de informação em leitura com viés urbanístico. A partir da geografia vivida por Guilherme de Almeida e duas de suas obras (Cosmópolis e Pela Cidade), consideradas representativas de sua relação com a metrópole de São Paulo, discutimos processos urbanos capazes de eventualmente serem generalizados para outros contextos. Analisamos a construção de uma geografia interurbana e intraurbana do autor, suas referências a elementos e compartimentos da cidade e relações temporais entre narrativas e mudanças no processo de urbanização da capital paulista entre 1930 e 1969. A Guillherme de Almeida não interessava explicar a cidade a partir de princípios urbanísicos; este artigo utiliza seus textos “à revelia”. A conclusão evidencia fractais na sua visão como morador da metrópole e reitera a potencialidade da literatura como fonte para o estudo urbano, provocando debates, reduzindo vazios investigativos e complementando abordagens tradicionais que dão sinais de esgotamento.
CONHECIMENTO TRADICIONAL DO POVO BORARI DE ALTER DO CHÃO RELACIONADO A QUESTÕES DE TEMPO E CLIMA
Authors: Da Silva Sousa Silvert Abraão , Vaz Peres Lucas , De Azambuja Martins Cintya
Published: March 2023

O conhecimento de senso comum sobre tempo e clima formam as bases da meteorologia moderna. Em função da escassa densidade de dados meteorológicos observacionais da região amazônica, catalogar o conhecimento de populações tradicionais como do Povo Borari da Terra Indígena de Alter do Chão vem se tornando cada vez mais importante e objetiva a presente análise. Primeiramente fez-se necessário realizada uma análise do comportamento climatológico e de tendências dos dados de precipitação e temperatura média da estação meteorológica de Belterra – PA, antes da aplicação dos questionários sobre esta população. O clima da região é caracterizado por um período chuvoso mais frio de janeiro a junho e um período seco mais quente de julho a dezembro de cada ano, sofrendo um aumento nas precipitações de 2,19mm ou 1,40% por década seguido por uma elevação na temperatura de 0,43°C ou 1,66% por década. A partir dos 74 questionários aplicados a integrantes da etnia com idade variando de 07 a 89 anos, ficou evidente a importância do tempo e clima em suas atividades diárias, nas quais são mais ativos no período seco. Além disso, animais como pássaros, sapos, peixes e formigas, além da coloração das plantas podem dar indícios sobre a ocorrência de episódios de precipitação
PADRÕES E TENDÊNCIAS ESPAÇO-TEMPORAIS DA OCORRÊNCIA DE QUEIMADAS NO CERRADO ENTRE 1999 E 2018
Authors: Rocha Maíra Iaê Savioli , Nascimento Diego Tarley Ferreira
Published: March 2023

As queimadas são corriqueiramente empregadas no bioma Cerrado para renovação de pastagens e limpeza de terrenos agrícolas. Todavia, o seu uso também se encontra associado ao desmatamento e à implantação de atividades agropecuárias. Nesse sentido, tem-se por objetivo no presente trabalho prover o mapeamento e a subconsequente análise dos padrões espaciais e das tendências temporais de ocorrência de queimadas no bioma Cerrado registradas entre 1999 e 2018. Para tanto, os focos de queimadas provenientes do Banco de Dados de Queimadas (BDQueimadas/INPE) foram contabilizados segundo as microrregiões definidas pelo IBGE e analisados a partir atributos espaciais, estatísticas de autocorrelação espacial e pela ferramenta Emerging Hot Spot Analysis. Os resultados demonstraram concentração e alta associação espacial dos focos de queimadas em microrregiões situadas junto aos estados do Maranhão, Tocantins, Piauí e Bahia (região do MATOPIBA), além do Mato Grosso (Arco de Desmatamento) e norte de Goiás, regiões notadamente reconhecidas como fronteiras de expansão das atividades agrícolas no bioma.
PAISAGEM, TERRITÓRIO E IDENTIDADE: A PERCEPÇÃO AMBIENTAL DOS INDÍGENAS TREMEMBÉ NA ZONA COSTEIRA DO NORDESTE SETENTRIONAL BRASILEIRO
Authors: Aquino Bezerra Filho Francisco Assis , Pinheiro Lidriana de Souza , Pessoa Paulo Roberto Silva
Published: March 2023

Os povos indígenas historicamente ocupavam toda a região litorânea cearense e diversas áreas do interior. A etnia Tremembé está presente nos municípios de Itapipoca, Itarema e Acaraú - CE. O objetivo do estudo foi compreender o significado das principais categorias da geografia como paisagem e território, relacionando-as com a identidade e a percepção ambiental para povos indígenas nas comunidades da Barra do Mundaú e de Almofala. A metodologia deste trabalho foi de cunho quali-quantitativo com a aplicação de formulário e entrevista relacionados à cognição da percepção ambiental nas Escolas Indígenas Tremembé. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram um forte vínculo entre os estudantes, professores e lideranças indígenas com o ambiente costeiro e sua geodiversidade.
Indigenization and Educative Implication of Otito Lo Ye Ka Se by Kayode Samuel
Authors: Bolaji David
Published: March 2023

The advent of British colonialism gave rise to Western education, Christian religion, and art music in Nigeria. Consequently, since many Nigerians have embraced Western art music, there have been sustainable efforts to indigenize and promote Africanism in Nigerian art music. Part of these efforts owes much to a number of Nigerian ethnomusicologists and composers, one of whom indeed, is Kayode Samuel whose outstanding scholarship and advocacy of nationalism cannot be overemphasized. His creative composition, which involves the use of a pentatonic scale attributed to the African scale, stands as the backdrop of this study. Thus, this study examines the promotion of indigenization and the sociocultural educative lessons embedded in the understudied composition, Otito Lo Ye Ka Se. A textual analytical technique is adopted for the study to unravel how the composer captures the alteration of the lexical tone of the Yoruba language. The theoretical framework for this study is the indigenous standpoint theory stated by Coatest, S.K., and Trudgett 2002. Findings reveal that the Africanism of the under-study piece stands as a solid medium through which indigenization is captured in cross-examined composition. Also, the embedded sociocultural educative lessons in the composition show that telling lies is a destructive behaviour that negates the promotion of healthy living, and should not be promoted in any society.

Keywords: Indigenization, Otito Lo ye Ka se, Creative application, Nigerian art music, and Kayode Samuel
Anesthesia for Electroconvulsive Therapy: A Case Report
Authors: Udayana Kadek Agus Putra , Gde Dwija Sanjaya Dewa Ngakan
Published: March 2023

Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is one of the therapeutic options in the field of psychiatry. ECT causes several conditions such as stimulation of the general autonomic nervous system, increased intracranial pressure and conditions such as headaches, myalgias, swelling, weakness, nausea and even musculoskeletal complications. Anesthetic management is required to prevent this complication in addition to its primary goal of providing total unconsciousness. The choice of anesthetic agent is chosen based on its rapid onset and duration and not interfering with the patient's seizure activity.
Case Report: We present the case of a 24-year-old female who is diagnosed with schizophrenia hebephrenic. She scheduled for ECT because her symptoms were worsening over time and did not respond to oral medications. Anesthesia is given during ECT. As premedication used atropine sulfate 0.5 mg, then induced with propofol 100 mg and pethidine 50 mg. We did not use neuromuscular blocking agents and only managed ventilation patients with Jackson-Rees circuit. After multiple ECT treatment, we observed no significant clinical effect on seizure duration or hemodynamic profile. The patient's clinical and functional status also significantly improved with ECT treatment.
Conclusions: Anesthesia during ECT creates a safe and comfortable environment for generalized epileptic seizures to occur. Multiple anesthetic agents are acceptable for use during ECT. Although the anesthesia given in this case has several limitations, it still produces good clinical outcomes and minimal side effects.

Keywords: Electroconvulsive Therapy, Anesthesia, Propofol
A Review on McKusick-Kaufman Syndrome
Authors: Devakumar Divya , M B Jasmin , R Reeja
Published: March 2023

McKusick-Kaufman syndrome is one of the most underdiagnosed and underreported cases in the world. In family with no previous history, the condition is not at all suspected and is often diagnosed only during postnatal examination. As a cause of multiple malformations, the prognosis of which can be improved by risk assessment and genetic counselling, the condition demands early detection and identification. Also, it is vital to differentiate MKKS from Bardet- Biedl syndrome which has similar clinical presentation.

Keywords: McKusick Kaufman syndrome, Bardet- Biedl Syndrome, Hydrometrocolpos, polydactyly.
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): A Nursing Imperative
Authors: Sampayan Eva Lobelle , Duraisamy Pavuthakursar Kalaiselvi , G. Bhagavathy Manjula
Published: March 2023

There is a growing concern about the increased global prevalence of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A report published in autism research revealed that about 100 in 10,000 children around the world are diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The significant rise in ASD raises massive concerns among healthcare professionals. In the nursing profession, caring for autistic children is a challenging role. Nurses must especially address their needs. Implementing the nursing process requires an in-depth understanding of the behaviors demonstrated by children with ASD. In other words, to become more effective among these vulnerable groups, special training is needed to respond to their needs holistically.
Nurses should recognize that children with ASD require individual assessment and treatment. The nursing assessment must note developmental delays and behavioral issues including speech and language abilities. Through detailed assessment, nurses can address the nursing problem and plan care appropriately. Nurses must work closely with the family in the implementation of care. The activity of daily living, health priority needs, and safety among children with ASD are evaluation measures that must be given with utmost importance. Caring for children with ASD requires appropriate nursing interventions. Nurses can become an agent of change, an educator, and an advocator.
This present article highlighted nursing roles in the care of children with autism. It emphasized the nursing imperative in recognizing patients' health needs and identification of concerns with children's families. In particular, nurses must demonstrate responsibility in achieving desirable outcomes for children with ASD.

Keywords: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Nursing Imperative for ASD
Relationship of Root Proximity with Periodontal Disease - A Clinico-Radiographic Retrospective Study
Authors: Ul Nisa Tauqeer , Abrol Subarbie , Gupta Neetika
Published: March 2023

Aim: The present study was conducted with the aim to examine whether root proximity is a risk marker for periodontal disease. Introduction- Root proximity is one of the key factors that the clinician should evaluate to determine the individual tooth prognosis before periodontal treatment. Root proximity was determined as favourable when there was more than 1mm of bone between the roots and unfavourable when less than 1mm was recorded.
Methodology: Total 300 individuals were included in the study. 150 patients with advanced periodontal disease with at least one mandibular molar with bone loss greater than one third of the root length and 150 controls without periodontal disease each were included. Interproximal space was assessed on the IOPA (paralleling angle) between 1st molar and 2nd molar and a score was assigned according to severity and location. Consequently, relative risk for periodontal disease was calculated with DIOGRA TM software. A two-digit classiﬁcation was obtained dividing the root into three locations [apical (A), between (B) and coronal (C)]
Results: In patients with advanced periodontal disease, there is more interradicular distance at apical area and less at CEJ which implies that there is more root proximity at CEJ. However, in healthy patients, there is more interradicular distance at CEJ implying lesser root proximity at CEJ. Hence root proximity can be considered as a risk marker for periodontitis.
Conclusion: Root proximity can be a predisposing factor for the progression of periodontal disease. However, we should not forget about the impact of other significant factors, such as oral hygiene and the presence of plaque.

Keywords: Root Proximity, Periodontal Diseases, Oral Hygiene, Plaque, CEJ
Primary Ovarian Insufficiency and Hormone Replacement Therapy: A Review Article
Authors: Pratiwi Ervina
Published: March 2023

An uncommon but significant cause of ovarian hormone deficit and infertility in women is Primary Ovarian Insufficiency (POI). In addition to leading to infertility, POI is linked to many health problems, including troublesome menopausal symptoms, lower bone density and an increased risk of fractures, early cardiovascular disease development, a potential early reduction in cognition, and dry eye syndrome. It is essential to provide women with POI with the proper Hormone Replacement Treatment (HRT) to replace premenopausal levels of ovarian sex steroids and reduce the health concerns that come with them. Using HRT formulations that nearly resemble natural ovarian hormone production is advised in this evaluation. HRT should be continued until the typical age of natural menopause, 50 years old.

Keywords: Primary Ovarian Insufficiency, Hormone Replacement Treatment, Menopausal Symptoms
Thyroid Abnormalities in Children with Sepsis
Authors: Kumari Sushila , Meena Kailash Kumar , K. Gurjar Umesh
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Sepsis is the most common cause of mortality in infants and children. A hormonal disorder that often affected in sepsis is thyroid hormones which occur in the form of euthyroid sick syndrome (ESS) or nonthyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS). The aim of study was to evaluate thyroid hormones changes and the outcome in children with sepsis.
Materials and Methods: Present study is hospital based observational cohort study.70 children with diagnosed sepsis were required in sample size. Serum free T3, free T4 and TSH was measured on day one and also on follow up (7th day).
Result: on day one Serum FT3 level was low in 40 (57.2%) subjects and Serum FT4 level was low in 12 (17.2%) subjects. TSH was normal in most 66 (94.2%) of subjects. Mortality was more in children with low serum FT3 (22.5%) as compared to those with normal FT3 (3.4%). Mortality was also more in children with low serum FT4 level (41.6%) as compared to those with normal FT4 level (8.7%), (p=0.002). Mortality was more in children with low serum FT3 (29%) on follow up as compared to those with normal FT3 (2.5%) (p=0.001).
Conclusion: Thyroid hormones dysfunctions are common in children with sepsis. Mortality is significantly associated with low levels of serum FT3 & FT4. So Thyroid hormones dysfunctions could be an indicator of disease severity with possible need for hormone supplementation.

Keywords: Thyroid hormones, Serum free T3, free T4, TSH, sepsis, children