bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Long-term follow-up of therapeutic efficacy of everolimus-eluting bioresorbable vascular scaffold in comparison to everolimus-eluting stent in treatment of chronic total occlusion guided by intracoronary imaging
Authors: Eltahlawi Mohammad Abdallah , Abdel-Aziz Abdel-Aziz Fouad , Sherif Abdel-Salam , Shokry Khalid Abdel-Azeem , Shehata Islam Elsayed
Published: October 2020

Background

We hypothesized that 1st generation everolimus-eluting bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS) stent associated with less complication and less restenosis rate than everolimus-eluting stent (EES) in chronic total occlusion (CTO) recanalization guided by intracoronary imaging. Therefore, we aimed to assess the safety and performance of BVS stent in CTO revascularization in comparison to EES guided by intracoronary imaging.

Our prospective comparative cross-sectional study was conducted on 60 CTO patients divided into two groups according to type of stent revascularization: group I (EES group): 40 (66.7%) patients and group II (BVS group): 20 (33.3%) patients. All patients were subjected to history taking, electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiography, laboratory investigation, stress thallium study to assess viability before revascularization. Revascularization of viable CTO lesion guided by intracoronary imaging using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Then, long-term follow-up over 1 year clinically and by multi-slice CT coronary angiography (MSCT). Our clinical and angiographic endpoints were to detect any clinical or angiographic complications during the follow-up period.

Results

At 6 months angiographic follow-up, BVS group had not inferior angiographic parameters but without statistically significant difference (p = 0.566). At 12 months follow-up, there was no difference at end points between the two groups (p = 0.476).

No differences were found at angiographic or clinical follow-up between BVS and EES.

Conclusion

This study shows that 1st generation everolimus-eluting BVS is non-inferior to EES for CTO revascularization. Further studies are needed to clearly state which new smaller footprint BVS, faster reabsorption, magnesium-based less thrombogenicity, and advanced mechanical properties is under development. We cannot dismiss the efficacy and safety of new BVS technology.

Trial registration

ZU-IRB#2498/3-12-2016 Registered 3 December 2016, email: IRB_123@medicine.zu.edu.eg
Mental health and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic: longitudinal analyses of adults in the UK COVID-19 Mental Health & Wellbeing study
Authors: O'Connor Rory C. , Wetherall Karen , Cleare Seonaid , McClelland Heather , Melson Ambrose J. , Niedzwiedz Claire L. , O'Carroll Ronan E. , O'Connor Daryl B. , Platt Steve , Scowcroft Elizabeth , Watson Billy , Zortea Tiago , Ferguson Eamonn , Robb Kathryn A.
Published: October 2020

Background

The effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the population's mental health and well-being are likely to be profound and long lasting.

Aims

To investigate the trajectory of mental health and well-being during the first 6 weeks of lockdown in adults in the UK.

Method

A quota survey design and a sampling frame that permitted recruitment of a national sample was employed. Findings for waves 1 (31 March to 9 April 2020), 2 (10 April to 27 April 2020) and 3 (28 April to 11 May 2020) are reported here. A range of mental health factors was assessed: pre-existing mental health problems, suicide attempts and self-harm, suicidal ideation, depression, anxiety, defeat, entrapment, mental well-being and loneliness.

Results

A total of 3077 adults in the UK completed the survey at wave 1. Suicidal ideation increased over time. Symptoms of anxiety, and levels of defeat and entrapment decreased across waves whereas levels of depressive symptoms did not change significantly. Positive well-being also increased. Levels of loneliness did not change significantly over waves. Subgroup analyses showed that women, young people (18–29 years), those from more socially disadvantaged backgrounds and those with pre-existing mental health problems have worse mental health outcomes during the pandemic across most factors.

Conclusions

The mental health and well-being of the UK adult population appears to have been affected in the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. The increasing rates of suicidal thoughts across waves, especially among young adults, are concerning.
Determination of phytoplankton composition by microscopy and HPLC-derived pigment analysis in the Sea of Marmara
Authors: DURSUN FUAT , TAS SEYFETTİN , BAYRAM PARTAL FATMA , EDİGER DİLEK
Published: October 2020

This study is an integrated overview of pigment and microscopic analysis of phytoplankton composition in the Sea of Marmara. The study was conducted from 27 sampling stations during spring (May 2017 and 2018) and summer (August 2016 and 2018). The phytoplankton community was represented mostly by diatoms and dinoflagellates, as the major groups, and also other phytoflagellate groups as shown by both techniques. Chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-c1+c2, peridinin, 19’-butanoyloxyfucoxanthin, fucoxanthin, zeaxanthin, alloxanthin, 19’-hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin, diadinoxanthin, chlorophyll-b and ß-carotene concentratios were determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). A total of 124 eukaryotic taxa belonging to eight algal classes were found through microscopic analysis. 60 taxa of them were dinoflagellates, 52 taxa were diatoms and 12 taxa were other phytoflagellates. The number of diatoms and dinoflagellates, as the major groups, accounted for 90.4% of the total phytoplankton species. Chlorophyll-a, fucoxanthin and peridinin concentrations varied between 0.03-7.20, 0.01-5.23 and 0.01-2.14 μg L-1, throughout the research period, respectively. The highest chlorophyll-a values were measured at stations MD26 (7.20 µg L-1) and MD22 (6.61 µg L-1) in May 2018, which were located at Gemlik and Bandirma bays. There was a significant correlation (r:0.87, p<0.001 n:54) between HPLC determined fucoxanthin concentrations and diatom abundances in August 2016 and 2018. Also, higher chlorophyll-c1+c2 concentrations revealed consistency with high diatom abundances and fucoxanthin concentrations in August 2016 and 2018. This result confirmed that diatoms are the most important carrier of fucoxanthin and it can be used for taxonomic evaluation of diatom community of the Sea of Marmara.
Longitudinal assessment of cardiac function in infants with Down’s syndrome using novel echocardiography techniques – project protocol
Authors: Smith Aisling , Molloy Eleanor , Miletin Jan , Curley Anna , Balfe Joanne , Franklin Orla , EL-Khuffash Afif
Published: October 2020

Background: Down’s syndrome (DS) is the most common chromosomal abnormality globally. Ireland has one of the highest rates of DS in the western world with an incidence of 1:444 live births. Congenital heart disease (CHD) and pulmonary hypertension (PH) are the commonest morbidities affecting the cardiovascular system in DS. PH is associated with significant morbidity and an increase risk of mortality. The impact of the diagnosis of DS, the presence of CHD and the associated PH on myocardial function during transition and over the first 2 years of age in this population is not well defined and warrants further study. In particular, serial measurements of pulmonary pressures in this population over the first week of age are lacking. This study aims to characterise myocardial function and pulmonary haemodynamics in infants with Down syndrome during the transitional period (over the first week of age) and throughout the first two years of age.

Methods: A prospective, observational study utilising novel echocardiography techniques to assess myocardial function and pulmonary haemodynamics over the first two years of age in infants with Down Syndrome. A population of healthy infants without CHD or a diagnosis of DS will be recruited as controls. This study will be conducted across the three Dublin maternity units.

Discussion: In total, 70 babies with DS have been enrolled into this study with 292 echocardiograms performed to date. Further evaluation of cardiac performance in DS infants with and without CHD may yield more insight into the pathophysiology of cardiac dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension that are recognised features in these patients. This could aid in our ability to monitor and treat patients, as well as improve our ability to predict outcomes.
Machine-Building Industry of Tyumen Region Economy: Analysis of the Current State and Development Trends
Authors: Lysenko I.
Published: October 2020

The machine-building industry of the Tyumen region is one of the key areas of specialization in the entire regional production complex. The Tyumen industry is in urgent need of products from the local machine-building complex in the conditions of sectoral restrictions and macroeconomic instability, which cause the unavailability of imported machinery and equipment. The state and strategic development of mechanical engineering in the region will also determine the development trends of the industrial sector. In turn, the pace and scale of development of regional production have an impact on the direction and priorities of development of Tyumen engineering.

The article reviews the dynamics of statistical indicators that characterize the current state of the machine-building industry in the Tyumen region. Trends in innovation and investment activity of machine-building enterprises are revealed. The foreign economic activity of the sector is studied. The place of the industry in the structure of the regional economy is analyzed.
An Integrated Approach to the Analysis of the Reproductive Potential of a Machine-building Enterprise in the Formation of Its Product Policy
Authors: Kurskiy V. , Gryazev M. , Ancev V. , Vasina L.
Published: October 2020

An integrated approach to the analysis of the potential of the phases and participants of the reproduction process at the stage of forming the product policy of a machine-building enterprise and its development in critical directions is proposed. This allows, from a unified standpoint on the mismatch between the target and the achieved level of potential, to identify critical participants in the reproduction cycle, whose internal capabilities are insufficient to optimize the economic result from the product program and to identify the contribution of each participant based on the analysis of the hierarchy of cause-and-effect relationships of the variables of the utility function with the elements of their potential, as well as assess and select local development strategies for critical participants. The materials of the article can be useful to specialists dealing with the problems of developing a product policy and developing enterprises.
Association Between Bronchiolitis Patient Volume and Continuous Pulse Oximetry Monitoring in 25 Hospitals
Authors: Stoeck Patricia A , Chieco Deanna F , Pingree Elizabeth W , Landrigan Christopher P , Bonafide Christopher P , Network for the Pediatric Research in Inpatient Settings (PRIS)
Published: October 2020

Continuous pulse oximetry monitoring in stable patients with bronchiolitis is discouraged by national guidelines in order to reduce overuse, yet wide practice variation exists among hospitals. Understanding the association between monitoring overuse and hospital unit‐level factors may identify areas for improvement. Conducted at 25 sites from the Pediatric Research in Inpatient Settings (PRIS) Network's Eliminating Monitoring Overuse (EMO) study, this substudy used data from 2,366 in‐person observations of pulse oximetry use in patients with bronchiolitis to determine whether hospital unit‐level factors were associated with variation in pulse oximetry use for patients in whom continuous monitoring is not indicated. Hospital units were classified by bronchiolitis admission burden. Monitoring rates were analyzed in a mixed‐effects model that accounted for variation in baseline monitoring rates among hospitals and adjusted for covariates significantly associated with continuous pulse oximetry monitoring use in the primary study's analysis. Low burden units (<10% of total admissions) had a 2.16‐fold increased odds of pulse oximetry overuse compared to high burden units (≥40% of total admissions) (95% CI, 1.27‐3.69; P = .01). These results suggest that units caring for a lower percentage of patients with bronchiolitis are more likely to overuse pulse oximetry despite national guidelines.
Smarter by Nature
Authors: Goldenberg Gemma
Published: October 2020

Can contact with nature be used as a targeted intervention to increase children's memory and attention? Gemma Goldenberg analyses research to gauge the impact of nature on young minds.
Striving to be Heard
Authors: Thompson Philippa
Published: October 2020

The work of the Early Childhood Studies Degree Network (ECSDN) to influence policy has never been more important than now, says its vice chair.
Spot the Dog!
Authors: Harries Judith
Published: October 2020

The author and illustrator, Eric Hill, is the creator of one of the most famous dogs in children's fiction – Spot. Judith Harries suggest ways to use this loveable character to encourage listening, anticipate events and ask questions.
Advising Lifestyle Management for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Morris David
Published: October 2020

David Morris uses a case history to analyse the efficacy of lifestyle changes for diabetic patients
Quasi-Dynamic Implicit Finite Element Analysis of Steel-Clad, Wood-Framed Shear Walls
Authors: Mai Khoi D. , Cofer William F. , Bender Donald A.
Published: October 2020

Highlights

A new finite element modeling method was developed to predict performance of steel-clad, wood-framed diaphragms.

The new method overcomes limitations of previous models and accurately predicts yielding and buckling behaviors.

The new method will save time and money in developing design values for steel-clad, wood-frame diaphragms.

Abstract. Various finite element codes and solution techniques have been developed for steel-clad, wood-framed (SCWF) shear walls over the past few decades. Most previous finite element models for SCWF shear walls under monotonic loading were based on a static implicit solution technique. Previous researchers stated that the static implicit technique showed promise for modeling SCWF diaphragms; however, the solution technique failed to converge to equilibrium as local instabilities in the form of snap-through buckling of steel cladding occurred or geometric nonlinearities were included in the model. In this study, a nonlinear quasi-dynamic implicit finite element analysis (FEA) of SCWF shear walls subjected to monotonic loading was developed to overcome the deficiencies of the static implicit approach. Three types of elements were used, including beam elements to model wood framing, shell elements to model steel cladding, and nonlinear spring elements to model connectors. Screw connector tests were conducted to obtain the load-displacement constitutive relationships needed for finite element models. Nine types of SCWF shear walls with and without lap seam stitching were tested to validate the finite element model. The ratios of predicted to test values for ultimate shear strength averaged 0.97 with a coefficient of variation (COV) of 8.1%, and the ratios for effective shear modulus averaged 1.13 with a COV of 30%. The quasi-dynamic implicit FEA is a significant improvement over previous static implicit techniques and should be a useful tool to predict the ultimate shear strength and effective shear modulus of SCWF shear walls under monotonic loading. Keywords: Diaphragm design, Post-frame building, Steel-clad wood-frame diaphragm.
Formación dirigida a profesionales especializados en intervención familiar: programas basados en la evidencia científica
Authors: Sánchez Prieto Lidia , Pascual Barrio Belén , Orte Socias Carmen , Ballester Brage Lluís
Published: October 2020

INTRODUCCIÓN. Los programas basados en la evidencia (PBE) garantizan la eficacia de las intervencionespreventivas. No obstante, un inadecuado desempeño del formador puede comprometer la eficacia de los PBE. Para implementar adecuadamente el programa los formadores necesitan: a) adquirir conocimientos específicos del programa y b) poseer habilidades y competencias para su aplicación. Por lo tanto, la evaluación del perfil profesional y de sus necesidades de capacitación debe ser considerada en el desarrollo de los PBE. MÉTODO. El análisis se basa en dos estrategias metodológicas: a) análisis Delphi a partir de expertos (n=8) mediante un análisis de concordancia (w de Kendall) y b) entrevistas semiestructuradas a profesionales (n=18) analizadas según la teoría fundamentada. El análisis Delphi y el análisis de las entrevistas se han realizado a partir de 7 categorías: a) experiencia en intervención familiar, b) formación en intervención familiar, c) adherencia y fidelidad, d) perfil profesional, e) manejo de situaciones difíciles, f) gestión grupal y g) barreras a la adherencia. RESULTADOS. Los resultados muestran el acuerdo entre expertos y profesionales sobre la relevancia de la formación específica y la experiencia en intervención familiar por parte del formador. En referencia a las competencias destacan: habilidades comunicativas, una dinámica gestión grupal, motivación y una adecuada exposición de contenidos. Sobre los factores que dificultan la práctica, los profesionales apuntan a la gestión del tiempo y los expertos ponen el acento sobre la preparación de las sesiones. DISCUSIÓN. Los expertos y los profesionales señalan la fidelidad como un elemento que garantiza la eficacia de los PBE y destacan otros elementos que favorecen la adherencia de las familias: habilidades interpersonales y motivación. La investigación contribuye al conocimiento de las características y de los componentes de la formación orientada a los PBE, aproximando las perspectivas académica y profesional.
Influencia del perfil de procrastinación activa en el rendimiento académico del alumnado de Ciencias de la Educación
Authors: Suárez Arminda , Feliciano-García Luis
Published: October 2020

INTRODUCCIÓN. La procrastinación pasiva es la tendencia a demorar la culminación de tareas o decisiones por un fallo de autorregulación. En el ámbito académico esta conducta se asocia al bajo rendimiento. En los últimos años se ha identificado un constructo diferente, la procrastinación activa, que implica la capacidad de retrasar las tareas de forma intencionada para realizarlas con más eficacia. Los objetivos de este estudio son: a) analizar los perfiles de postergación activa que presenta el alumnado de Ciencias de la Educación y b) examinar sus diferencias según género y rendimiento académico. MÉTODO. En la investigación participaron 330 estudiantes universitarios. Para obtener los perfiles del constructo se aplicó la Nueva Escala de Procrastinación Activa (New Active Procrastination Scale). Se realizó un análisis jerárquico de clúster con los factores de la escala, un análisis chi-cuadrado cruzando los clústeres y el género y un análisis univariante de varianzas ANOVA con el rendimiento académico. RESULTADOS. Los resultados mostraron que: a) existían cuatro perfiles entre el alumnado, denominados procrastinación activa, procrastinación pasiva, procrastinación activa moderada y no procrastinación; b) las mujeres presentaban un perfil no procrastinador en mayor medida que los hombres; c) el alumnado con procrastinación activa y no procrastinador presentaban un rendimiento académico significativamente superior al rendimiento del alumnado con un perfil de dilación pasiva. DISCUSIÓN. De acuerdo con el constructo analizado, el alumnado que presenta procrastinación activa tiene la capacidad de retrasar sus tareas académicas para conseguir un mayor rendimiento, está habituado a trabajar bajo presión y a gestionar el tiempo de trabajo. Por el contrario, quienes presentan una demora pasiva han de ser objeto de programas de intervención en la universidad con el fin de que aprendan a organizarse en sus estudios y superar sus fallos de autorregulación.
Relación entre las creencias del profesorado y puntuaciones del alumnado en creatividad y aptitudes escolares. Un estudio comparado
Authors: Berrios Aguayo Beatriz Berrios , Arazola Ruano Cristina , Pantoja Vallejo Antonio
Published: October 2020

INTRODUCCIÓN. La actitud del docente en el aula es un determinante del rendimiento posterior del alumnado. Por ello, las creencias que los docentes crean sobre el aprendizaje del alumnado suponen un factor influyente en el rendimiento de los mismos. En la presente investigación se plantea como objetivo principal conocer la existencia o no de la influencia de las creencias del profesorado sobre las aptitudes para el aprendizaje del alumnado y su nivel creativo. MÉTODO. Se seleccionó una muestra aleatoria estratificada por género y edad de la población total, acogiendo una muestra de 433 alumnos de 2.º y 3.er ciclo de educación primaria de toda la provincia de Jaén (España). Como instrumentos de evaluación según el objetivo planteado, se analizaron las creencias de 43 docentes mediante la escala de Renzulli, encargadade atender al rendimiento del alumnado percibido por el profesorado. Para determinar las aptitudes de los estudiantes hacia el aprendizaje, se utilizó el test de aptitudes escolares (TEA) y para el analizar el nivel creativo, el test de Torrance. RESULTADOS. Los resultados mostraron que existe una relación significativamente positiva entre las creencias de los docentes y el rendimiento del alumnado, así como una relación predictiva de la primera sobre la segunda. DISCUSIÓN. Como conclusión, se puede confirmar el impacto que tienen las creencias de los docentes sobre las aptitudes escolares y el nivel de creatividad de los estudiantes, enfatizando con ello la necesidad de formación de los docentes para que no se produzcan creencias perniciosas en el rendimiento del colectivo estudiantil.
El Profesorado Universitario en la Sociedad del Conocimiento: manejo y actitud hacia las TIC
Authors: Casillas Martín Sonia , Cabezas González Marcos , Ibarra Saiz María Soledad , Rodríguez Gómez Gregorio
Published: October 2020

INTRODUCCIÓN. El papel del docente universitario necesita redefinirse. Lo que define a un buen profesor son sus competencias para desempeñar su rol profesional, entendidas estas como el conjunto de comportamientos, capacidades y habilidades necesarias para desempeñar de forma satisfactoria un puesto de trabajo. Y entre ellas se encuentra el uso eficiente de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación. Este artículo presenta una investigación cuya finalidad es la de conocer el manejo autopercibido de las TIC que tienen los profesores de educación superior para realizar sus tareas de docencia, de investigación y de gestión, así como su actitud hacia las mismas para el desempeño laboral. MÉTODO. El diseño metodológico se enmarca en el paradigma cuantitativo, es no experimental transversal y de estudio de encuesta,  utilizándose un cuestionario online como instrumento para la recogida de información. El análisis de los datos es descriptivo e inferencial. RESULTADOS. Entre los principales resultados cabe destacar que: losdispositivos TIC más utilizados por los profesores universitarios son el ordenador, el smartphone y la tablet; las herramientas TIC más empleadas son las ofimáticas, las de búsqueda y documentación, las de comunicación y las de almacenamiento en la nube; la actitud hacia las TIC respecto al desarrollo profesional es muy positiva; no existen diferencias significativas en cuanto a la edad, al género y a la antigüedad profesional; y se da una correlación positiva entre las distintas variables (dispositivos utilizados, herramientas manejadas, actitud hacia las TIC). DISCUSIÓN. Se confrontan con otras investigaciones previas los resultados alcanzados sobre el manejo de dispositivos TIC que tienen los profesores universitarios en sus tareas de docencia, de investigación y de gestión, así como la actitud que manifiestan hacia las TIC para su desempeño profesional y se aportan nuevas líneas de investigación.
La colaboración familia-escuela: revisión de una década de literatura empírica en España (2010-2019)
Authors: Egido Gálvez Inmaculada
Published: October 2020

INTRODUCCIÓN. En los últimos años, la colaboración entre la familia y la escuela ha sido objeto de una atención creciente en la investigación educativa tanto dentro como fuera de España. Sin embargo, mientras en el ámbito internacional son comunes las revisiones de investigación y los metaanálisis sobre el tema, en nuestro país no existen trabajos que permitan sistematizar los hallazgos de los estudios realizados. Por este motivo, el objetivo de este artículo es presentar una visión actualizada sobre la investigación llevada a cabo en el contexto español en torno a la colaboración familia-escuela a lo largo de la última década. MÉTODO. Se ha realizado una revisión sistemática de carácter cualitativo de la literatura empírica española a partir de un total de 43 artículos de investigación publicados en revistas científicas entre los años 2010 y 2019,  identificados mediante las bases de datos WoS, Scopus, SciELO, InDICEs-CSIC y Dialnet Plus. RESULTADOS. Tras la presentación de las características básicas de los estudios analizados, se sintetizan los principales resultados obtenidos en ellos. En concreto, se han identificado cinco grandes líneas temáticas sobre las que versan las investigaciones realizadas: niveles y modalidades de colaboración familia-escuela; variables que condicionan la colaboración; efectos de la colaboración; obstáculos a la colaboración y colaboración familia-escuela entre colectivos de inmigrantes. DISCUSIÓN. Si bien el carácter heterogéneo de los estudios revisados requiere cautela a la hora de establecer generalizaciones, resulta posible identificar los resultados más relevantes obtenidos por la investigación en torno a las cinco líneas señaladas. Se detectan también ciertas lagunas temáticas a las que sería conveniente atender y algunas limitaciones de carácter teórico y metodológico que deberían tenerse en cuenta en la investigación futura sobre la colaboración familia-escuela en España.
A trip can transform your life: life and career experiences in contemporaneity
Authors: Müller Camila Vieira , Scheffer Angela Beatriz Busato , Closs Lisiane Quadrado
Published: October 2020

Based on real data, the following case describes Marília’s career and life paths. Marília is a young executive who lives a moment of reevaluation in both professional and life aspects. A lack of life meaning led her to do volunteer tourism, seeking significant experiences and self-development in both career and life. The case aims to understand contemporary careers conceptions in its relations with the current marketplace, and how they are related to Marília’s career decisions. Career is defined as a series of experiences that allows personal development and enhance individual employability. The case allows to (a) comprehend, throughout the volunteer tourism experience, how different experiences can foster and build contemporary careers thru theoretical frameworks like protean career, borderless career, kaleidoscope career, and sustainable career.(b) situate the raise of contemporary careers conceptions; (c) highlight the main features of these conceptions; (d) compare the traditional career path with the contemporary careers; (e) understand Marília’s career decisions in life and work contexts, which includes the decision to travel in a volunteer tourism experience; (f) encourage the discussion of other life experiences that might add value to contemporary careers.
Savanna woody plants and their provision of food resources to bees in southern Burkina Faso, West Africa
Authors: Drissa Coulibaly , Tuo Yalamoussa , Koné Mouhamadou , Balima Larba Hubert , Konaté Souleymane , Linsenmair Karl Eduard , Porembski Stefan , Goetze Dethardt , Stein Katharina
Published: October 2020

West African savanna ecosystems and biodiversity are severely threatened by intensified land use and increasing degradation of natural habitats. Despite the importance of bees for pollinating crops and native plant species little information is available regarding the importance of savanna woody plant species to provide bees with food resources. Flora inventories were carried out on 48 subplots laid out across three land use types. The number of bee morphospecies and their abundance as flower visitors were recorded from inflorescences of plants during the different flowering periods. Out of a total diversity of 82 woody plant species, 53 species (64.63%) from 38 genera and 21 families were melliferous. These plants were visited by bees for foraging nectar and/or pollen. Species of the Combretaceae family were the most visited by bees in terms of individuals (53.85%). Combretum glutinosum alone accounted for 36% of visits. More than half of the melliferous plants (50.94%) were visited for both nectar and pollen. About 32.08% of plants were visited for nectar only (32.08%), while 16.98% were visited for pollen only (16.98%). The majority of savanna plants are flowering in the dry season, but few flowering species can be found throughout the whole year. Savanna woody plant species constitute important food resources for bees, therefore providing a wide range of applications for the development of beekeeping activities in the Sudanian region of West Africa.
Indiana non-profit organisations and COVID-19: impact on services, finances and staffing
Authors: Grønbjerg Kirsten A. , McAvoy Elizabeth , Habecker Kathryn
Published: October 2020

In this article we examine how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected non-profit organisations in Indiana in the United States. Data from 512 non-profits surveyed in May 2020 show profound and widespread impact: curtailed or suspended programmes, efforts to deliver programmes via online or phone platforms, major revenue shortfalls and significant staff challenges.
Glued diffraction optical elements with broadband and a large field of view
Authors: Yang Hongfang , Xue Changxi , Xiao Jing , Chen Jun
Published: October 2020

High diffraction efficiency is an important requirement for hybrid diffractive-refractive optical systems with a wide field of view. The issue is that diffractive optical elements cannot maintain high diffraction efficiency across a designed waveband and range of incident angles simultaneously. Glued diffractive optical elements (GDOEs) consist of two single-layer diffractive elements, and optical adhesives are presented to address the problem. Two diffractive optical elements are glued together to reduce the straylight scattered into unwanted diffraction orders. The parameters of diffractive optical elements are optimized to achieve broadband high diffraction efficiency and modulation transfer function over a wide-incident-angle range. The GDOEs enable the system to realize a diffraction efficiency of over 90% when the incident angle is no more than 58°. Through gluing two single-layer diffractive optical elements together, we can minimize the inner reflection and refraction. Diffraction efficiency losses can be compensated by the optical adhesives layer, and image quality can be improved. Our design method could make possible the use of diffraction elements in different kinds of optical systems.
Photoconductive mechanism of IR-sensitive iodized PbSe thin films via strong hole–phonon interaction and minority carrier diffusion
Authors: Jang Moon-Hyung , Hoglund Eric R. , Litwin Peter M. , Yoo Sung-Shik , McDonnell Stephen J. , Howe James M. , Gupta Mool C.
Published: October 2020

Photoconductive PbSe thin films are highly important for mid-infrared
imaging applications. However, the photoconductive mechanism is not
well understood so far. Here we provide additional insight on the
photoconductivity mechanism using transmission electron microscopy,
x-ray photoelectron microscopy, and electrical characterizations.
Polycrystalline PbSe thin films were deposited by a chemical bath
deposition method. Potassium iodide (KI) was added during the
deposition process to improve the photoresponse. Oxidation and
iodization were performed to sensitize the thin films. The
temperature-dependence Hall effect results show that a strong
hole–phonon interaction occurs in oxidized PbSe with KI. It indicates
that about half the holes are trapped by KI-induced self-trapped hole
centers (

V
k

center), which results in increasing
dark resistance. The photo Hall effect results show that the hole
concentration increases significantly under light exposure in
sensitized PbSe, which indicates the photogenerated electrons are
compensated by trapped holes. The presence of KI in the PbSe grains
was confirmed by I

3

d

5

/

2

core-level x-ray photoelectron
spectra. The energy dispersive x-ray spectra obtained in the scanning
transmission electron microscope show the incorporation of iodine
during the iodization process on the top of PbSe grains, which can
create an iodine-incorporated PbSe outer shell. The
iodine-incorporated PbSe releases electrons to recombine with holes in
the PbSe layer so that the resistance of sensitized PbSe is about 800
times higher than that of PbSe without the iodine-incorporated layer.
In addition, oxygen found in the outer shell of PbSe can act as an
electron trap. Therefore, the photoresponse of sensitized PbSe is from
the difference between the high dark resistance (by KI addition and
iodine incorporation) and the low resistance after IR exposure due to
electron compensation (by electron traps at grain boundary and
electron–hole recombination in KI hole traps).
Outage probability of multi-aperture and multi-antenna wireless-powered relaying assisted FSO-RF systems with a nonlinear energy harvester
Authors: Zhang Jiliang , Ran Honglin , Pan Gaofeng , Xie Yiyuan
Published: October 2020

We consider the outage performance of a mixed free-space optical-radio frequency (FSO-RF) communication system, which consists of a source (S), a relay (R), a destination (D), and a power beacon (PB). In particular, S communicates with D through a multi-aperture and multi-antenna decode-and-forward (DF) relay, which is assumed to harvest energy from the PB under a nonlinear energy harvesting mode. Considering an equal gain combining scheme and a transmit antennas selection scheme, the exact expressions of probability density function (PDF) and cumulative distribution function (CDF) for instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio are first obtained, and then based on those PDF and CDF expressions, the analytical and asymptotic expressions for outage probability are derived. Finally, Monte Carlo simulation results are used to verify the accuracy of the derived analytical expressions.
High-energy square-wave pulses generated in a 1/1.5-µm dual-band mode-locked fiber laser
Authors: Zhu Yihuai , Liu Weiqi , Du Deguo , Ruan Shuangchen , Guo Chunyu , Yan Peiguang , Hua Ping , Xia Linzhong , Lue Qitao
Published: October 2020

The generation of square-wave pulses in a 1/1.5-µm dual-band mode-locked fiber laser is experimentally demonstrated. The laser is based upon a peculiar “figure-

θ

” architecture that exploits a single active fiber to realize dual-band operation. High-energy square-wave pulses are simultaneously generated in both the 1-µm and the 1.5-µm spectral band using the laser. The 1-µm pulse maintains wave-breaking-free operation during the increase of the pump power and finally achieves energy as high as 88.6 nJ, while the 1.5-µm pulse achieves energy up to 1.5 µJ before it ultimately collapses into second-order mode locking. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the formation of square-wave pulses in dual-band mode-locked fiber lasers.
Pathological effect of infectious bronchitis disease virus on broiler chicken trachea and kidney tissues
Authors: Hasan Ismael I. , Rasheed Saad T. , Jasim Nawar A. , Shakor Mohammed K.
Published: October 2020

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the pathological effects of the infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) on chicken trachea and kidney tissues and also desired to diagnose the virus genome using a molecular tool.

Materials and Methods: Twenty trachea and kidney samples collected from one broiler farm contain 10,000 chickens at Tikrit city. The chickens showed signs of gasping and mortality (20%) at early ages (20 days old), the presence of IBV investigated using conventional reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction technique with routine histopathological study to tracheal and renal tissue.

Results: Postmortem lesion showed severe respiratory inflammation with abscesses at tracheal bifurcation lead to airway blog. Molecular results showed two genotypes of IBV, one of them not included in primer designer research. The histological study showed different stages of inflammation, degeneration, and necrosis to the renal and tracheal tissues.

Conclusion: The respiratory and renal pathological effect of the virus responsible for the symptoms appeared on the affected chicks that caused mortality, with a high probability of presence of a new viral genotype added to the untranslated region.
Exploring Indonesian Microbial Genetic Resources for Industrial Application
Authors:   Indonesian Institute Of Sciences, Kanti Atit , Sukara Endang ,   Indonesian Institute Of Sciences, Sukiman Harmastini ,   Indonesian Institute Of Sciences, Lisdiyanti Puspita ,   Indonesian Institute Of Sciences, Melliawati Ruth ,   Indonesian Institute Of Sciences, Ratnakomala Shanti ,   Indonesian Institute Of Sciences, Lekatompessy Sylvia J. R. ,   Indonesian Institute Of Sciences, Anindyawati Trisanti ,   Indonesian Institute Of Sciences, Widyastuti Yantyati ,   Indonesian Institute Of Sciences, Yopi Yopi ,   Indonesian Institute Of Sciences
Published: October 2020

Indonesia is a mega biodiversity country consisting of various types of animals and plants, including genetic microbial resources. However, the exploration on microbes has not been yet extensively explored. This book highlights some important findings and achievements carried out by the microbiologists in LIPI on the sustainable use of Indonesian microbial genetic resources. Through this book, some successful processes of identification, characterization, and preservation in culture collections of Indonesian microbial genetic resources have been showed vividly. Some of potential microbes useful for human welfare are also described in this book, including their utilization for food, feed, health, and bioenergy. It is expected that this book can be a useful reference for those who are interested in the importance of microbial genetic resources for the prosperity of the nation as it revealed some significant findings on microbes, which have been isolated from various sources in Indonesia.
Social Network Analysis of Integrated Medical Services for Hypertension – Using District Hospitals of Shanghai as a Model
Authors: Chen Ziyou , Li Junshan , Li Fen , Lu Yuanan
Published: October 2020

Objective
To examine the current linkage between different medical services for hypertension patients for enhanced integration among medical service systems.

Methods
A total of 18 hospitals and community medical centers from a district of Shanghai were enrolled for social network analysis which covered emergency visits and hospitalization records of 171,177 outpatients with hypertension. Stata software was used for data preprocessing and UCINET software was used for network analysis of medical service providers to quantify and visualize the network tightness and the "main role" of information delivery of the medical institution network in the area.

Results
The service network of hypertension consultation institutions in the region is closely connected as a whole, but the level of diagnosis and treatment of medical services in various communities varies widely, and the degree of association with higher-level medical institutions is not uniform.

Conclusion
Based on the limited tightness of various medical service providers, it is necessary to implement the responsibilities of individual medical institutions at different levels and pay more attention to improving the service capabilities of primary medical institutions for enhanced integrating medical services in future.
Design And Analysis of Flat Plate Solar Air Dryer
Authors: S Arunprasad , P Saravanan , R Arulraj
Published: October 2020

Solar dryers are equipment and using solar energy for drying substances, especially food. There are two common types of solar dryers: Direct & indirect. This is a dryer type in which the product to be dried directly absorbs the solar radiation. It is also referred to as a natural convection cabinet dryer, because the solar radiation falls directly on the surface; the product quality is reduced. Heated air from the drying chamber is blown through. A solar dryer's basic function is to heat air with solar energy to a constant temperature, which enables the moisture extraction from crops within a drying chamber. The main objective of flat plate solar air dryer model based on without tray & with tray chamber in Creo parametric software & computational fluid dynamics in Ansys software. Generally, solar air dryer is heat loss is possible, so it’s reduced with help of insulation material (glass wool & polyurethane). To predict the temperature difference in various air flow with insulation material. Furthermore, choose the better insulation material & difference between with & without tray chamber.
Productos Forestales no Maderables en Colombia. Consideraciones para su Desarrollo
Authors:   Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, López Camacho René , Murcia Orjuela Guillermo Orlando
Published: October 2020

La idea de escribir un libro relacionado con la temática de productos forestales no maderables (PFNM) surgió por primera vez durante el desarrollo de un trabajo adelantado en el Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible en la Dirección de Bosques, Biodiversidad y Servicios Ecosistémicos y con el acompañamiento de la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, específicamente de la Facultad de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales. Nació en el marco del contrato “Asistencia técnica para las medidas suplementarias del MIP 2014-2017, Colombia”, adjudicado a la consultora Integration por la Unión Europea, el cual tuvo como objetivo principal adelantar actividades que permitieran el fortalecimiento de la normativa del aprovechamiento sostenible de los PFNM para mejorar el desarrollo local sostenible y la gobernanza forestal.
Preparation of Anode Material for Lithium Battery from Activated Carbon
Authors: Mopoung Sumrit , Sitthikhankaew Russamee , Mingmoon Nantikan
Published: October 2020

This research study describes the preparation of corncob derivedactivated carbon to be used as anodematerial for the preparation of lithium ion battery.The corncob was activated at 900 °C for 3 hours with KOH used in a 1:3 weight ratio.The final product was analyzed for chemical, physical, and electrical properties.The results show that the activated carbon is amorphous and contains some graphitic carbon with interconnected nano-channels. Furthermore,carboxyl functional groups were detected on the surface of the activated carbon product.The observed morphological characteristics in terms of surface area, total pore volume, micropore volume, and average pore size are 1367.4501 m²/g, 0.478390 cm³/g, 0.270916 cm³/g, and 2.10872 nm, respectively.In addition, the product also exhibits low electrical resistance in the range 0.706W-1.071W.Finally, the specific discharge capacities at the 1st and the 2nd cycles of the corncob derived activated carbon anode material were 488.67mA h/g and 241.45 mA h/g, respectively with an average of about 225 Ah/kg between the 3rd cycle and the 5th cycle. The averagespecific charge capacities/specific discharge capacities at increasing charging rate of 0.2C, 0.5C, 1C, 2C, and 5C were approximated 190 mAh/g, 155 mAh/g, 135 mAh/g, 120 mAh/g, and 75 mAh/g, respectively, with 100%Coulombic efficiency in all 5 cycles.It was shown that the corncob derived activated carbon anode material has a relatively high rate capability, high reversibility, and rapid and stable capacity when compared to the general of biomass-derived carbon
Misje w nauczaniu papieży Benedykta XV i Piusa XI
Authors: BASAŁAJ MAGDALENA
Published: October 2020

Misje w nauczaniu papieży Benedykta XV i Piusa XI
Wyzwania ewangelizacji w realizacji uświęcającego zadania Kościoła. Wokół przemówień Jana Pawła II wygłoszonych w Ameryce Łacińskiej
Authors: SZYPKE OLGA
Published: October 2020

Wyzwania ewangelizacji w realizacji uświęcającego zadania Kościoła.Wokół przemówień Jana Pawła II wygłoszonych w Ameryce Łacińskiej
„Azjatycka" medytacja... dar misji
Authors: KROEGER JAMES H.
Published: October 2020

„Azjatycka" medytacja... dar misji
Stosunek Jana Pawła II do kultury kraju katolickiego na przykładzie Polski
Authors: BANULSKA MARZENA
Published: October 2020

Stosunek Jana Pawła II do kultury kraju katolickiego na przykładzie Polski
Musée imaginaire: Fontanes Gemäldegalerie
Authors: Fischer Hubertus
Published: October 2020

This paper tends to explore ,Fontane's picture gallery' referring to its genesis, characteristic and effect. In doing so the art critic Fontane is improving a distinctive image as an expert especially of English art und of the at that time in Germany leading Dusseldorf School of Painting (Düsseldorfer Malerschule). Furthermore it will be set out how the writer Fontane is acting in his work with pictures and pictorial perception. Eventually there is a suggestion for recovering ,Fontane's picture gallery' to make it possible for the contemporary audience to read Fontane's works in a wider and subtly differentiated manner.
Was bleibt? Zum Fortleben der DDR-Literatur in der Forschung
Authors: Kałążny Jerzy
Published: October 2020

The title of the story What Remains by Christa Wolf denotes one of the main topics of the present discussion about German literature after 1989. The article presents the new questions (e.g. one or two German literature(s)? What does ‘GDR literature‘ mean? Is it a ‘special case’?) and changing conditions of the study of East German literature. A few new historical works discussing German literature since 1945, mainly since the reunification, and a few theoretical approaches (e.g. GDR literature as a chronotope and as regional literature) are presented.
Motive des Ausbruchs und des Aufbruchs in den Hörspielen Ingeborg Bachmanns
Authors: Kłańska Maria
Published: October 2020

Bachman wrote only three radio plays, all of them in the fifties of the XXth century. In spite of different settings, all of them have the same topic: escape from society (either into dream or to an island or to the isolation of a couple wishing to live only for love) and utopia. In the first and third play the male protagonists fail however, unable to give up their bourgeois lives. In the third play the female protagonist is a victim of her ability to love without restrictions. This locates The Good God of Manhattan close to the feminist prose of Bachmanns later years. In the second radio play, The Cikadas, the existence on an island separated from society is judged in the negative. All attempts to win utopian happiness end with defeat; although they are valued differently, they show that in spite of all efforts mankind is not able to reach the ideal of truth and love.
Ludwig Wachler als Historiker der deutschen und europäischen Nationalliteratur
Authors: Kunicki Wojciech
Published: October 2020

The article revolves around the research activity of the historian Ludwig Wachler, professor at the University of Wrocław in the years 1815-1838. In his work, Wachler represents the early German patriotism, for which he was subject to police repression. He is shown primarily as a historian of national literature.
Transformationen deutscher Polenstereotype in der Prosa von Artur Becker und Maria Kolenda
Authors: Piontek Sławomir
Published: October 2020

The article analyzes the transformations of German stereotypes of Poles in current prose of Polish immigrant authors in Germany. The authors show a particularly keen awareness of the long term stereotypes and try to change their meaning by means of detachment, humor and irony.