bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Culture and provisioning: the case of Human-Long-tailed Macaque Macaca fascicularis (Raffles, 1821) interactions in Sumile, Butuan City, Philippines
Authors: Lapore Fritche H. , Aseňas Debbie S. , Paz Sherryl L.
Published: February 2025

Understanding human-macaque interactions is crucial for species conservation and management. Hence, this study investigated the Human-Long-tailed Macaque Macaca fascicularis (Raffles 1821) interactions in Sumile, Butuan City from July 2022 to April 2023 through one-on-one interviews. A total of 271 randomly selected respondents were surveyed to determine their demographic and socioeconomic profiles. Their knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of human-macaque interactions such as provisioning, regulation measures, and associated factors were also determined. Most of them were aware of the cultural importance of macaques (86.35%). The majority were not aware of the ecological (73.43%) and socioeconomic importance of macaques (52.03%), as well as RA 9147 or Wildlife Act (61.26%). Most residents provisioned macaques (99.26%). Macaque behaviors were household food foraging (94.84%), crop foraging (31.78%), trash consumption (69.37%), and trash dropping (30.63%). Most residents did nothing to food foraging in households (53.51%) or crop foraging (58.30%) while some resorted to throwing hard objects, hand clapping, or dog chasing. Educational attainment was the most common factor significantly associated with residents’ knowledge. Length of residency and educational attainment were significantly associated with provisioning frequency while length of residency and occupation were associated with the prohibition of provisioning to avoid negative human-macaque interaction. This study implies that cultural factors influence rampant macaque provisioning. If uncontrolled, provisioning may lead to economic and health losses and negative attitudes toward macaques and conservation efforts. The top three human-macaque regulation measures suggested by most residents were government action, effective waste disposal, and increasing the food base in the forest. Researchers further recommend local conservation area establishment; culture-sensitive and controlled provisioning; and community-based conservation. This also entails educating the public on the adverse impacts of uncontrolled provisioning. Furthermore, periodic monitoring of macaque populations and conservation management strategies that balance ecological, socio-economic, and cultural considerations for human-macaque co-existence is necessary.
Role of Cardiovascular Health in the Bidirectional Progression Trajectories Between Cardiovascular Disease, Type 2 Diabetes, and Cancer
Authors: Peng Yu , Wang Peng , Liu Fubin , Wang Xixuan , Si Changyu , Gong Jianxiao , Zhou Huijun , Song Fangfang
Published: February 2025

Background

There existed bidirectional associations of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) with cancer, partly attributed to their shared risk factors. We aimed to explore the role of cardiovascular health (CVH) in bidirectional transitions between CVD, T2D, and cancer.

Methods

Based on the UK Biobank, we used 2 subcohorts: a disease‐free cohort of 277 997 individuals without cancer, CVD, and T2D; and a disease survivor cohort consisting of 61 971 cases with cancer, CVD, and T2D at baseline. The CVH was assessed on the basis of Life's Essential 8 score. We conducted the multistate model and Cox proportional hazards model to explore the role of CVH in bidirectional transitions between CVD, T2D, and cancer in disease‐free and disease survivor cohorts, respectively.

Results

High CVH was significantly associated with a lower transition risk from CVD to cancer (hazard ratio, 0.822 [95% CI, 0.693–0.975]). On the other hand, increased CVH was related to reduced risks of progression from cancer to CVD and T2D (both
P
for trend<0.001), particularly in the high CVH group. For disease survivor cohorts, per 10‐point increase in CVH was associated with >10% lower cancer risk in CVD and T2D cases, and a 16% and 42% reduction in the risk of incident CVD and T2D among cancer survivors, respectively.

Conclusions

High CVH was related to a decreased risk of bidirectional transitions between CVD, T2D, and cancer. This highlighted the significance of maintaining high CVH throughout the life span for the primary prevention of CVD, T2D, and cancer.
Evaluating the Reliability and Robustness of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities in Cardiometabolic Disease in NHANES, NHIS, and BRFSS (2015–2021)
Authors: Thakkar Zeel , Wu Yan , Khan Mohammed , Qi Xinran , Hung George A. , Kikuta Nicholas , Jamal Armaan , Srinivasan Malathi , Huang Robert J. , Kim Karina , Kim Gloria , Palaniappan Latha , Bacong Adrian M.
Published: February 2025

Background

The United States uses the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to monitor disease trends and inform clinical care/prevention research. These 3 surveys share similar national estimates. However, the consistency of each survey's estimates by race has not been examined. Here, we compare prevalence estimates and disparities in cardiometabolic diseases across 5 aggregated racial and ethnic groups.

Methods

We examined the age‐ and fully‐adjusted prevalence of cardiovascular disease and diabetes among non‐Hispanic White, non‐Hispanic Black, Hispanic, non‐Hispanic Asian, and “Other” race respondents aged 30 years or older. Cardiovascular disease included self‐reported physician diagnosis of heart attack, stroke, and coronary heart disease.

Results

Although overall national population estimates were similar, there was heterogeneity in estimates by survey. For heart attack and diabetes, each racial group had a higher prevalence in BRFSS than NHIS (eg, Heart Attack: Hispanic BRFSS: 3.4% [95% CI, 3.2–3.6], NHIS: 2.0% [95% CI, 1.8, 2.2]; non‐Hispanic Black BRFSS: 3.8% [95% CI, 3.6, 3.9]; NHIS: 3.0% [95% CI, 2.7, 3.2]). Non‐Hispanic Asian people had the lowest general cardiovascular disease prevalence across all 3 data sets (NHIS: 5.9%, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: 5.3%, BRFSS: 6.9%), while Other/multi‐racial respondents had the highest prevalence (NHIS: 9.9%, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: 13.1%, BRFSS: 10.7%). However, the magnitude of these differences across data sets was small.

Conclusions

Prevalence estimates for heart attack and diabetes were heterogeneous by race across surveys. These results highlight the importance of improving the representation of racially minoritized groups within national surveys to produce more precise estimates.
From Imperialistic Universalisms to Radical Cosmopolitanisms
Authors: Davis Bret W.
Published: February 2025

This article argues against imperialistic universalism, understood as the unilateral imposition of the views and values of a particular culture and tradition, and argues for a radical cosmopolitanism that would enable us to understand ourselves as both rooted denizens of local places and as uprooted citizens of the world. Moreover, it argues for the need to engage in a worldwide dialogue among radical cosmopolitanisms. In order to exemplify as well as argue for such a dialogue, reference is made to a wide range of ancient Greek and Asian philosophers such as Socrates, Diogenes the Cynic, Seneca the Stoic, the Buddha, Mozi, and Mengzi, Biblical figures such as Jesus and Paul, and modern philosophers such as Kant, Nishida, Weil, Badiou, Appiah, Nussbaum, and François Jullien.
The Exercise of Discretion in the Criminal Justice System
Authors: McWalters Ian
Published: February 2025

Discretion is different from the performance of a duty. The law provides a framework within which a discretionary decision is made but does not dictate the actual decision. Modern day discretions are now narrowly confined. But determining what is fair and just requires a flexible approach to decision-making. With a flexible approach, discretion allows fairness, compassion and humanity to be employed in our system of criminal justice. Discretion is crucial to ensuring the defendant receives a fair trial. In Hong Kong, the Department of Justice exclusively controls criminal prosecutions, free from any political or other interference. The Secretary for Justice must act within constitutional power and not on political instruction, in bad faith or be fettered by a rigid policy. Three areas of discretionary decision-making call for comments. The scheme of cautioning offenders instead of prosecuting them should be extended to adult offenders. Given the limited remedies for challenging prosecutorial decisions, prosecutors should explain adverse decisions to defendants in a way which clearly sets out the reasoning for the decision. Sentencing guidelines for drug trafficking offences should promote general consistency, rather than perfect consistency, and leave room for discretion that is not merely illusory.
Welsh Studies: Language, Linguistics, and Literature, Medieval Period
Authors: Rodway Simon
Published: February 2025

This is a critical bibliographical survey of academic studies published in 2023 in the area of Welsh Studies.
German Studies: Literature, 1880–1945
Authors: Arscott Jack
Published: February 2025

This is a critical bibliographical survey of academic studies published in 2023 in the area of German Studies.
Migration Literature and/as World Literature
Authors: Vlasta Sandra
Published: February 2025

This contribution sheds light on the connections between migration literature and world literature from a theoretical and methodological point of view, with a focus on terminology and the research undertaken in both fields. “Migration literature” has been defined in various ways, and different languages use different terms (such as Migrationsliteratur, littérature migrante, letteratura migrante, post-migrant writing). The article analyses these different terms and explores their varying meanings according to the literary fields (and their histories) that they refer to. Based on these discussions, I evaluate research on the nexus between world and migration literature from the point of view of scholars from the two different fields and highlight the gaps and blind spots of this relationship that need our attention.
Religious Populism: A Paradigmatic Mode of Address of the Hybrid Media Environment?
Authors: Valaskivi Katja , Sumiala Johanna
Published: February 2025

This Afterword concludes the special issue on Religious Populism in Hybrid Media Environments. The three perspectives of how religious populism re-sacralizes politics – mythologizing tradition, exalting charismatic leadership and ritualizing political life – are used to explain how the properties, affordances and logics of contemporary hybrid communication and related media environment intertwine, enable and enhance religious populism on a global scale. The Afterword argues that the articles of the special issue provide noteworthy conceptual and theoretical contributions for the development of populism studies with their focus on religious populism and media.
De-Constructing Nubia: A Critical Look at Cultural Divisions in the Nubian Nile Valley
Authors: de Souza Aaron M. , Schröder Marie-Kristin
Published: February 2025

This introductory paper sets the broader context for the contributions to this special issue of Old World, which constitutes an outcome of the (De)Constructing Nubia online workshop that critically reviewed current understandings of the so-called Middle Nubian cultures (i.e. the C-Group, Pan-Grave and Kerma cultures). The paper begins with an historiographical overview of the current state of the art before highlighting recent work that has taken steps to break free from the constraints of the old culture-historical paradigms that have persisted for over a century. The intention is not to solve the problem of the Middle Nubian cultural divisions, but rather to encourage more nuanced ways of approaching the archaeological record that may eventually lead to new methods of analysis and interpretation that highlight the cultural diversity and complexity of the ancient Nile Valley.
نقش جديد بخط الزبور اليماني
Authors: عبدالله يوسف محمد , السلامي محمد علي
Published: February 2025

الملخص

‫هذا نشرٌ لأول مرة لنقش مكتوب بخط الزبور يحتوي على عشرة سطور ويمكن تأريخه وفقًا لنمط الخط بالقرن الثالث الميلادي. ويندرج النص موضوعيًا ضمن ما نستطيع تعريفه بنقوش الرسائل. قام بتأليفه المرحوم يوسف محمد عبدالله والمرحوم محمد علي السلامي (جامعة صنعاء، اليمن). وقد وجدنا نشره هنا لأهميته ولما يحتويه من مادة علمية عامة عن النباتات في اليمن القديم.‬
مدن وادي الجوف في اليمن القديم: بين مملكتي سبأ ومعين في الألف الأول قبل الميلاد
Authors: عربش منير
Published: February 2025

الملخص

‫تزامن ظهور حضارة الممالك العربية الجنوبية في بواكير الألف الأول قبل الميلاد انتشار الأبجدية المسندية (٢٩ حرفا) وتدجين الجمل وازدهار تجارة البخور بين جنوب جزيرة العرب والشرق الأدنى. وتميزت جنوب الجزيرة العربية خلال هذه الفترة بنشوء ممالك جنوب الجزيرة العربية (القرن التاسع-الثامن ق.م.)، تمثلت بكيانات سياسية صغيرة ومتعددة مكونة من مدن/قبائل أهمها كانت قائمة في وادي الجوف - نشان، وكمنة، وهرم، وقرنا/معين، وإنبأ، وهي الموضوع الرئيس لهذه المقالة.‬

‫تشترك هذه المدن-الدول، بالإضافة إلى لغة مشتركة، المعينية، بوجود معابد معروفة باسم “بنات عاد” تحتوي على رسوم وزخارف تشكل مشاهد طقوس دينية فريدة من نوعها في الجزيرة العربية، وهي مستوحاة من بلاد ما بين النهرين. وكان لكل مدينة-دولة مؤسستها الملكية، ومجمع آلهة خاص، وأيضًا نظام اجتماعي منفرد.‬

‫أدت الفتوحات العسكرية التي قامت بها مملكة سبأ في بداية القرن السابع قبل الميلاد إلى الاختفاء التدريجي الحتمي لدول المدن في جنوب شبه الجزيرة العربية واندماجها في الممالك الكبرى، سبأ ومعين بالنسبة لدول مدن الجوف، وقتبان وحضرموت بالنسبة لدول مدن وقبائل المرتفعات الجنوبية، في القرن السادس قبل الميلاد. وبفضل الاكتشافات النقشية والأثرية الحديثة من مواقع الجوف تم إعادة النظر في التسلسل الزمني النسبي للأحداث والحكام خلال هذه الفترة من تاريخ اليمن القديم مع عرض قائمة ملوك مدن ممالك اليمن القديم خلال الفترة (القرن الثامن-السادس ق.م).‬
He Made It for His Lord
Authors: Kootstra-Ford Fokelien
Published: February 2025

Dadanitic is the name of the script that was used in and around ancient Dadan (modern-day Al-ʿUlā, Northwest Saudi Arabia) to carve graffiti and monumental inscriptions between the 6th and late 1st centuries BCE. The recent publication of several monumental inscriptions that were discovered in the 2012 excavations of the site of ancient Dadan by King Saud University added a new attestation of the verb ʿbd ‘to do’, ‘to make’ to the known corpus of Dadanitic, bringing the number of published attestations of this lexeme up to three. This article examines the distribution of the seemingly semantically equivalent verbs fʿl and ʿbd in the Dadanitic corpus in light of this new discovery and proposes a more narrowly defined meaning for the form ʿbd as a more restricted term preferred in the context of artisanal production. In this way, the article sheds further light on possible cultural and linguistic contact between the authors of the Dadanitic inscriptions and Aramaic.
First record of the scuttle fly genus Peromitra (Diptera: Phoridae) from South Korea, with a key to world species
Authors: LEE JUN-HO , KIM SAM-KYU
Published: February 2025

The genus Peromitra Enderlein is newly recorded from South Korea with six species. Two of them, P. dextra sp. nov. and P. galgori sp. nov., are described as new to science and the other four species, viz. P. agilis (Meigen), P. fimbriata Nakayama & Shima, P. multisetalis (Colyer) and P. ussurica Michailovskaya are new to South Korea. Detailed descriptions with photographs of the six Korean Peromitra species are provided. In addition, taxonomic notes on some Peromitra species based on examination of the type specimens and a revised key to males of world species are given.
Prevalence of Hypocalcemia in Pediatrics With Lower Respiratory Tract Infections
Authors: Puneem Usha Sree , Nagasubramanian Vanitha Rani , Sridevi Bhima , Pelluri Ranakishor , Sindgi Vasudeva Murthy , Donthula Hanish , Nagendra Vishwas Hunsur , Gopal Krishnamoorthy Sadagoban
Published: February 2025

A retrospective observational study aimed to assess blood calcium levels in children with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) from September 2023 to February 2024. A total of 225 eligible records were evaluated. Calcium deficiency was observed in 44.8% of children, hyperchloremia in 42.6%, and hyperkalemia in 36.8% on admission. The mean age was 16.8 ± 16.2 months, and the mean SpO2 was 95.8 ± 2.5%. Although the risk of hypocalcemia was slightly higher in nonimmunized subjects (odds ratio = 1.04 [95% confidence interval = 0.59-1.85]), this was not statistically significant ( P > .05). A negative correlation between normal calcium levels and body mass ( r =−0.295, P = .001) suggests that higher body weight is linked to calcium imbalance. Immunization status and developmental history did not significantly affect the risk of hypocalcemia. The study highlights the importance of regular calcium monitoring in pediatric LRTI patients, as hypocalcemia was prevalent, particularly in those with higher body weight.
Reshaping Language Learners’ Languaging Habitus: A World-Englishes-Informed Critical Pedagogy
Authors: Gonzales Wilkinson Daniel Wong , Zhang Yue
Published: February 2025

Contemporary sociolinguistic research highlights that language is a social practice deeply entwined with unequal sociopolitical structures, making language teaching and learning inherently non-neutral. Choices such as prioritizing “standard” English often unintentionally reinforce the superiority of standardized languages while marginalizing “non-standard” varieties rooted in multilingual and intersectional realities. This perpetuates linguistic discrimination, potentially disadvantaging learners rather than empowering them. In response to these challenges, this paper proposes a critical world Englishes-informed pedagogy designed to disrupt ingrained norms and expectations shaped by learners’ socialization, or their “languaging habitus.” Drawing on Mezirow's transformative learning theory and employing a case-study approach, this study examines how critical pedagogy reshaped the languaging habitus of undergraduate English learners in a Hong Kong English program. Analysis of multimodal learner artifacts, alongside survey and interview data, revealed significant—though uneven—shifts in learners’ sociocultural understandings, self-perceptions, orientations, and attitudes (e.g., describing their own variety as “beautiful”). These findings, we argue, illustrate transformative processes in learners’ languaging habitus, highlighting the dynamic interplay between pedagogy, language ideologies, and identity.
Management of tunneled-cuffed catheters in hemodialysis patients with hypotension and recurrent central venous thrombosis: A single-center retrospective cohort study
Authors: Sun Jibo , Fan Hong , Cui Tianlei
Published: February 2025

Objective

To evaluate management strategies of tunneled-cuffed catheters (TCCs) in hemodialysis (HD) patients with hypotension and recurrent central venous thrombosis.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed HD patients with hypotension treated at the West China Hospital. The initial catheter tip was positioned routinely in the superior vena cava (SVC). In the event of SVC thrombosis, stenosis, or obstruction, the catheter was adjusted to right atrial (RA) or SVC and RA junction, and then inferior vena cava (IVC). If thrombi completely dissolved, catheter tips were returned to the former section. Meanwhile, patients with central venous thrombus were treated with antiplatelet therapy. We analyzed the efficacy of the management strategy in HD with hypotension and recurrent central venous thrombosis.

Results

By adjusting catheter tips following the above procedure, vascular access has persevered in all the patients. Nineteen deaths (90.5%) were recorded during a median follow-up period of 6 years. No fatal pulmonary embolism nor catheter complication-related deaths were observed. The minimal survival period after the procedure was 6 years. The catheter primary patency rates at 3, 6, and 12 months were 90.5%, 66.7%, and 38.1%, respectively. The secondary patency rates were 100.0%, 80.9%, and 57.1% at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively.

Conclusion

The insertion of the TCCs tips initially in SVC, then adjusting in SVC and RA junction, RA and IVC successively in the event of thrombosis combined with antiplatelet therapy may be considered effective to prolong the HD vintage in patients with hypotension.
New Horizons for Justice in Theologies of Childhood and Children
Authors: Beste Jennifer
Published: February 2025

Catholic theologians have called for a more robust theology of childhood and children in light of global clergy sexual abuse. While affirming the need to develop more substantive theological reflection about children, I express concern that Catholic thought on this topic has been adultist, solely reflecting adults’ perspectives and concerns to the detriment of children. To relate to children justly and engage in theological scholarship that fosters a child-safe culture, theologians must undergo a conversion to a childist orientation and methodology. This article examines how Karl Rahner’s theology reflects adultist aspects common to the broader Christian tradition but also offers positive resources for inspiring conversion. Drawing on Rahner’s theology, Margaret Farley’s account of justice, and my child-centered research, I offer preliminary ideas on the features and benefits of a childist orientation in theology.
Economic Sanctions
Authors: Himes Kenneth R.
Published: February 2025

This note examines the extensive use of economic sanctions in US foreign policy, a development that has grown extensively in the last four decades without regard to presidential leadership. The issues surrounding sanctions include their definition, history, and effectiveness. Distinctions between kinds of sanctions are noted, as well as the consequences of their use, along with difficulties in employing sanctions. Finally, a moral assessment of the practice of sanctions is offered.
The Theology, Ethics, and Spirituality of Parenting
Authors: McRorie Christina G.
Published: February 2025

This note provides an overview of emerging theological scholarship on parenting, focusing on publications from the last two decades. The first section maps the role of magisterial teaching in shaping Catholic discussions of parenting as a vocation. The second section surveys literature on pregnancy, birth, and adoption, including recent work on the less socially visible experiences of infertility and pregnancy loss. A third section turns to the task of parenting children, addressing scholarship on family spirituality, the moral formation of children, specific ethical issues facing parents, and the relationship of parenting to the common good. Finally, a fourth section introduces the growing literature on motherhood, where women’s experiences of caregiving have proven generative for revisiting questions about care, embodiment, spirituality, and theological anthropology.
The Fig Tree at the End of the World: Reading Mark 11:12–25 and Enduring Creaturely Violence
Authors: Belloli Jack
Published: February 2025

By establishing a horizon of contemporary ecological thought, this article seeks to offer a new ‘more-than-human’ interpretation of Mk 11.12–25. Rather than treating more-than-human perspectives simply as benign, universal solutions to all-too-human violence, this interpretation uses them as an invitation to explore the ethical complexity of how humans and nonhumans struggle to build a more liveable world together. Interpretations of Jesus’s curse of the fig tree have often come up against what Anna Lowenhaupt Tsing calls ‘the problem with scale’ in the face of environmental destruction, either sweeping over or overstating the curse’s potential ethical significance. This new interpretation draws on Tsing, alongside other recent ethnographers of more-than-human relations, to contextualise Jesus’s actions in relation to Mark’s representation of the Jerusalem temple as a site of exploitative resource extraction: human and nonhuman creatures fitfully resist this exploitation, but in ways which make their damage and competition inevitable. This interpretation is offered as distinctively Markan in its irresolution and irony, and recognising such irony signals new ways that the New Testament can resource a more granular environmental ethics.
Minimally Invasive Surgery for Retropharyngeal Infiltrative Intramuscular Lipoma: Report of a Case Treated Using a Combined Transoral and Transnasal Approach
Authors: Kidokoro Yoshinobu , Fukase Hiroyuki , Kusunoki Takeshi , Matsumoto Fumihiko
Published: February 2025

Retropharyngeal infiltrative intramuscular lipomas are rare, and only 2 cases have been reported. Surgical resection is technically challenging owing to anatomical constraints, with no established optimal approach. Furthermore, the risk of recurrence is high. Herein, we report a novel, minimally invasive, and effective surgical approach for retropharyngeal infiltrative intramuscular lipoma. A 75-year-old woman presented with snoring as the chief complaint. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 52 × 38 mm lipoma in the retropharyngeal space with infiltration into the longus capitis muscle. A combined transoral and transnasal approach using existing endoscopic instruments enabled complete tumor resection with enhanced visualization and minimal invasiveness. Postoperative histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of infiltrative intramuscular lipoma. One year postoperatively, no recurrence was observed, and the patient will continue long-term follow-up. Infiltrative intramuscular lipomas are associated with a high risk of recurrence, and wide excision of the infiltrated area is required to achieve clear margins. Therefore, a surgical approach that balances complete resection with minimal invasiveness is required. The combined transoral and transnasal approach offers a cost-effective, minimally invasive, and precise method for resecting retropharyngeal infiltrative intramuscular lipomas.
The (Anti)Microbial Gaze: Surveillance Meets Resistance
Authors: Kenny Katherine , Broom Alex , Williams Veazey Leah , Broom Jennifer
Published: February 2025

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a rapidly escalating global health threat, known increasingly through different forms of monitoring. Surveillance, both of resistant organisms and of the antimicrobial prescribing practices that contribute to their proliferation, has increased dramatically over the last decade. So too have audits, which are routinely deployed to evaluate, and ensure accountability for, the alignment of local prescribing practices with established “best practice” guidelines. However, governing AMR in this way raises important questions including: how do these forms of monitoring play out in practice, and with what consequences? How do they articulate with the machinations and temporalities of hospital governance more generally? Here, drawing on in-depth interviews with thirty-six participants ranging from ward nurses to hospital executives in metropolitan Australia, we ask what, precisely, this particular way of monitoring medics and microbes—which we conceptualize here as the (anti)microbial gaze—makes visible in the hospital setting, what might be obscured, and how this particular way of knowing may delimit what is seen as possible in terms of intervening in the growing challenge of antimicrobial resistance.
Systematic literature review of digital curation services in academic libraries (2001–2023): A global perspective
Authors: Zareef Muhammad , Jabeen Munazza
Published: February 2025

Digital curation is a relatively new area that has sparked a lot of interest in recent years. This new field requires a wide range of resources to develop technological infrastructure and to train library staff to overcome challenges regarding digital curation services. The aim of this systematic review is to provide a better and more in-depth understanding of digital curation in academic libraries. This research followed a systematic literature review (SLR) protocol to properly organise the work related to digital curation and included publications from five world-renowned databases (Scopus; Web of Science; Science Direct; Library and Information Science Abstracts; and Library, Information Science and Technology Abstracts). The libraries used digital curation services (DCS) for the preservation and access of digital information to develop institutional repositories, digital libraries, research data management and digital reference services. This study identified various aspects of DCS in academic libraries, including required skills and competence, policies, techniques, and strategies, education and training, metadata standards, and technological infrastructure. To adopt DCS, libraries faced several challenges, such as the absence of policy, a lack of skilled staff, a shortage of financial resources and inadequate technological infrastructure. Various challenges identified as well as the critical adoption factors would provide valuable insights to library professionals for the adoption of DCS in academic libraries.
Enabling agency in constrained contexts: How restorative entrepreneuring supports reintegration post-incarceration
Authors: Wainwright Lee , Muñoz Pablo
Published: February 2025

This article explores how agency is enabled in highly constrained contexts as at-risk individuals engage in restorative entrepreneuring. Focusing on the entrepreneurial journeys of 10 former prisoners after their release, the research reveals a complex process of reintegration, in which agency is both hindered and enabled as individuals move from the structured environment of prison to the challenges of the external business world. Through life-story research and process-tracing analysis, we show that successful rehabilitation requires individuals to navigate a delicate balance: enabling their agency through entrepreneurship while also relinquishing control to replicate the supportive structures they had in prison. Our findings highlight the iterative nature of this process and emphasise the critical role of societal and systemic support in facilitating both reintegration and positive entrepreneurial outcomes. This research highlights the challenges former prisoners face in rebuilding their lives and careers, illustrating the intricate balance required to regain agency and achieve long-term stability.
Façade Fresh
Authors: Tarricone Paul
Published: February 2025

Follow along, as a Toronto office building's exterior goes from dark to dazzling
Get Ready for the Sequel
Authors: Schwartz Jeffrey , Latal Kenneth O.
Published: February 2025

As we get set to turn the page on the calendar, the authors revisit their fearless forecasts from a decade ago
The demographic variables of discomfort glare
Authors: Bennett Corwin A.
Published: February 2025

Are older people more sensitive to discomfort from overly bright lighting systems than young people? The answer is yes. The average population is more sensitive in direct proportion to their age from below the 20's to the 70's. Also, blue-eyed people are more sensitive than brown-eyed, and indoor workers have greater sensitivity than-outdoor workers. These new results of a several year study may point to lower brightness luminaires for commercial and industrial interiors and especially for institutions where older people live and work.
Capiz lamps
Authors: Meyer Herbert F.
Published: February 2025

Wafer-like shells from the capiz shellfish are handcrafted in the Philippines into unique decorative lamps that provide an eerie translucent effect
‘Hanging’ a One-Night Stand
Authors: Moody James L.
Published: February 2025

The application of trusses and lifts in lighting arenas and outdoor concerts
Trade Show Techniques— Lighting for Video Magnification
Authors: Diskey Gene E. , Moore Mary B.
Published: February 2025

Image amplification techniques increased the intimacy of the Mary Kay Cosmetics seminar, but created new demands for the lighting designer
HID Lamps for Television Remotes
Authors: Schelling William F.
Published: February 2025

Keeping Cronkite “cool” and Miss USA “hot” with CSI and HMI sources
Designing the Discotheque
Authors: Nadon John
Published: February 2025

The peculiar requirements for the lighting design of a discotheque fall somewhere between the lighting demands of a bar/ restaurant and a legitimate theater house
Emergency Lighting using Automatic Load Shedding
Authors: Zackrison Harry B.
Published: February 2025

During an emergency when only turbine power is available, the illumination level automatically drops by one-half, open-circuiting the bottom half of the split-bus panel. This technique is slightly more expensive than wiring alternate lighting fixtures on normal of emergency power, but does not produce spotty or uneven illumination during a power failure.
“Dancin’ ”
Authors: Fisher Jules
Published: February 2025

In a show without scenery, lighting is a featured performer
New directions for polycarbonate in lighting
Authors: Reed Joseph J.
Published: February 2025

The luminaire industry holds untapped potential for engineering plastics as effective material alternatives to metals and glass. Unrealized savings in unit costs and energy consumption coupled with design freedom are afforded the innovative lighting engineers of today and tomorrow. As society demands more judicial use of limited material resources, the inherent advantages of polycarbonate and other thermoplastics will be increasingly called upon to solve fixture design and performance problems. The major beneficiary of these trends will be the final user, who will have useful, high performance, and aesthetic lighting devices available at the right price.
Factors Associated With Shifts in Caregiving During COVID-19
Authors: Friedman Esther M. , Golinelli Daniela , Kennedy David P. , Edgington Sarah , Shih Regina A.
Published: February 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted many aspects of life, including care arrangements of older adults. Using nationally representative data on 2501 U.S. adults who reported providing care to a family member or friend age 50 or older either prior to or during the pandemic, we examined factors associated with pandemic-related changes in caregiving. Logistic regression models were used to compare caregivers who stopped or started providing care due to the pandemic to those who continued on a variety of types of factors (i.e., caregiver characteristics, care recipient characteristics, or caregiving contextual factors). Individuals who stopped providing care had significantly weaker contextual attachments to the care recipient than those who continued. Ceasing care was significantly associated with living further away from the care recipient, being a more distant relative, and being a newer caregiver compared to continuing care. Many different types of factors were significantly associated with becoming a new caregiver.
Physiological Stress in Safer Cycling in Older Age (SiFAr-Stress): A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Becker Linda , Sieber Cornel , Rohleder Nicolas , Freiberger Ellen , Kob Robert , Britting Sabine
Published: February 2025

One possibility for maintaining mobility in older age is cycling. We investigated the impact of the multicomponent “ Safer Cycling in Older Age” (SiFAr) intervention on psychological and physiological stress. Participants were 98 community-dwelling older adults (73.4 ± 5.4 years). Bedtime cortisol, hair cortisol concentrations, and C-reactive protein were measured before and after the 8-week SiFAr intervention and at follow-up. Additionally, acute stress responses were assessed during the second and seventh training sessions using salivary alpha-amylase and cortisol assessments. We found a decrease in acute perceived stress, anxiety, fear of falling, and uncertainty during the cycling trainings. Moreover, long-term perceived stress significantly decreased. No significant changes were found for any of the physiological stress measures. We conclude that cycling had a positive impact on perceived stress and wellbeing. Further research with more intense trainings is needed to fully understand the associations between cycling in older age and physiological stress.
Mission Impossible? Explaining De-Amalgamation Success Through Heresthetic, Rhetoric and Opportunity Costs
Authors: Drew Joseph , Kim Yunji , Dollery Brian
Published: February 2025

In general, most people would deem the pursuit of de-amalgamation, by a forcibly merged local government against the wishes of an incumbent state government keen to protect its legacy, as “mission impossible.” However, precisely this outcome recently occurred. In this paper, we seek to explain this surprising success principally with reference to the concept of heresthetic, which is said to be the political art of bringing about surprising wins. In so doing, we first introduce the theory of heresthetic, before seeking to push recent extensions to the literature regarding opportunity costs, a little further. Following this, we develop a heuristic that draws on both heresthetic and its better-known cousin rhetoric. Thereafter we consider our case study of a surprising de-amalgamation with a view to testing the explanatory power of the hueristic. We conclude with some reflections on what public policy practitioners and scholars alike might learn to assist them to bring about surprising wins in the future.
Sustainability in radiology: Position paper and call to action from ACR, AOSR, ASR, CAR, CIR, ESR, ESRNM, ISR, IS3R, RANZCR, and RSNA
Authors: Rockall Andrea G. , Allen Bibb , Brown Maura J. , El-Diasty Tarek , Fletcher Jan , Gerson Rachel F. , Goergen Stacy , Marrero González Amanda P. , Grist Thomas M. , Hanneman Kate , Hess Christopher P. , Ho Evelyn Lai Ming , Salama Dina H. , Schoen Julia , Sheard Sarah
Published: February 2025

The urgency for climate action is recognised by international government and healthcare organisations, including the United Nations (UN) and World Health Organisation (WHO). Climate change, biodiversity loss, and pollution negatively impact all life on earth. All populations are impacted but not equally; the most vulnerable are at highest risk, an inequity further exacerbated by differences in access to healthcare globally.

The delivery of healthcare exacerbates the planetary health crisis through greenhouse gas emissions, largely due to combustion of fossil fuels for medical equipment production and operation, creation of medical and non-medical waste, and contamination of water supplies.

As representatives of radiology societies from across the globe who work closely with industry, and both governmental and non-governmental leaders in multiple capacities, we advocate together for urgent, impactful, and measurable changes to the way we deliver care by further engaging our members, policymakers, industry partners, and our patients. Simultaneous challenges including global health disparities, resource allocation, and access to care must inform these efforts.

Climate literacy should be increasingly added to radiology training programmes. More research is required to understand and measure the environmental impact of radiological services and inform mitigation, adaptation and monitoring efforts. Deeper collaboration with industry partners is necessary to support innovations in the supply chain, energy utilization, and circular economy. Many solutions have been proposed and are already available, but we must understand and address barriers to implementation of current and future sustainable innovations. Finally, there is a compelling need to partner with patients, to ensure that trust in the excellence of clinical care is maintained during the transition to sustainable radiology.

By fostering a culture of global cooperation and rapid sharing of solutions amongst the broader imaging community, we can transform radiological practice to mitigate its environmental impact, adapt and develop resilience to current and future climate and environmental threats, and simultaneously improve access to care.
Longitudinal Associations Between Exposure to Physical Interparental Violence and Dating Violence in Young Adulthood and the Moderating Role of Sex, Socioeconomic Status, and Antisociality
Authors: Montiel Andrés E. , Peeters Margot , Stevens Gonneke W. J. M.
Published: February 2025

Dating violence (DV) is a widespread problem that undermines the well-being of young adults. Consistent with social learning theory, exposure to interparental violence (IV) and childhood maltreatment have been identified as risk factors for DV perpetration and victimization. However, former research on these associations is mainly U.S.-based, cross-sectional, and focused on physical DV. To address these gaps in the literature, the aims of this study were twofold: first, to assess whether exposure to physical IV during childhood was associated with physical and psychological DV perpetration and victimization in young adulthood while controlling for childhood maltreatment; second, to determine whether the associations between IV and DV varied based on participants’ sex, socioeconomic status, and antisociality. To investigate this, data from a longitudinal, multi-informant, dual-cohort study in the Netherlands (TRracking Adolescents’ Individual Lives Survey) were used. Participants who self-reported their experiences of IV and whose romantic partners completed questionnaires on DV were included in the current sample ( N = 522). Using hierarchical logistic regressions, results showed that IV exposure during childhood was not associated with DV perpetration or DV victimization during young adulthood. Further, this pattern of results did not vary as a function of sex, socioeconomic status, or antisociality. Overall, findings suggest that young adults in our sample demonstrate resilience against the intergenerational cycle of violence.
Innovations in artificial intelligence for pet/mr imaging: Application and performance analysis
Authors: Wang Hanzhong , Wang Yue , Chen Xing , Zhang Zheng , Lin Zengping , Li Biao , Feng Guowei , Huang Qiu
Published: February 2025

Background

The primary challenges in PET/MR imaging include prolonged scan durations for both PET and MR components and radiation exposure associated with the PET modality. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based techniques offer a promising approach to overcome these limitations.

Objective

This study evaluates the AI-based image enhancement methods integrated into the United Imaging PET/MR system, focusing on improvements in image quality, reduced injection dose, and shortened acquisition duration.

Method

Sixty-three patients underwent 18F-FDG PET/MR scans using uPMR790 (0.09 ± 0.01 mCi/kg, 5 min/bed, n = 29) and uPMR890 (0.05 ± 0.01 mCi/kg, 2.5 min/bed for PET and accelerated MR protocols, n = 34) with advanced AI-enhanced method. Shortened MR protocols included T1 W and T2 W sequences. Image quality was evaluated subjectively by two physicians and objectively using SNR and artifact ratios.

Results

The AI-enhanced system achieved high-quality PET and MR images despite reduced PET doses and scan durations for both PET and MR components. AI-based reconstruction images showed higher SNR, fewer artifacts, and reduced noise compared to the conventional system.

Conclusions

AI-enhanced PET/MR significantly improves imaging efficiency by reducing PET/MR acquisition durations, lowering radiation dose, and enhancing overall image quality, making it a valuable tool for clinical hybrid imaging.
Ancient Rome and the Modern West: Death or Resurrection?
Authors: Brass Tom
Published: February 2025

Examined here is a recent and interesting contribution to the decline thesis, based on a comparative study of the Roman Empire and the modern West. Its argument is that in each instance, the periphery has come to dominate the core, the former supplanting the latter economically. In a conceptual framework shared with 1960s development theory, migration is regarded as negative in the case of ancient Rome but making a positive contribution to economic growth in the modern West. Downplayed, however, is the role of labour market competition and populism in the unfolding crisis of present-day capitalism.
FHD deep learning prognosis approach: Early detection of fetal heart disease (FHD) using ultrasonography image-based IROI combined multiresolution DCNN
Authors: G Someshwaran , V Sarada
Published: February 2025

Fetal Heart Disease (FHD) is the most prevalent root cause of infant demise which accounts for 21% of all congenital abnormalities, with most instances being catastrophic, thereby rendering the need for early prognosis. Ultrasonography is the forefront imaging modality for assessing fetal growth in four-chamber and blood vessel malformation. Clinically diagnosing the abnormality is time-consuming and requires the skill of a radiologist. In subsequent, numerous preceding research strategies ideal to meta-heuristic and deep learning's Faster Artificial Neural Network (FANN), Dense Recurrent Neural Network (DRNN), Mask-Regional Convolution Neural Network (M RCNN) and Enhanced Deep Learning-assisted CNN aid in the identification of FHD. However, the prediction models have encountered multiple challenges owing to imprecise hinders and irrelevant adhesion. Hence, we propose the automated hierarchical network-driven findings of FHD in four-chamber and blood vessels using ultrasonic 2D imaging which undergoes 3 consequential processes of Enhanced-Adaptive Median Filtering (EAMF) pre-process concerning noise variations i.e., test for SNR distortion and image enhancement i.e., visual quality, Intensified Region of Interest (IROI) segmentation for exploiting feature selection via spatial mask-labeling and Multiresolution Deep Convolutional Neural Network (MDCNN) classification in the detection of diseased pattern via confusion metrics (CM). The lesion findings of CM is determined using MATLAB R2023b with an overall substantial efficiency of 99.79% in both normal and abnormal conditions with a significant potential to assist cardiologists in the prognosis of FHD.
Chronic pain classification using PPG and ECG parameters selected via hybrid feature selection
Authors: Cai Jia-Hao , Jhang De-Fu , Hung Shih-Che , Tai Yu-Ting , Hsu Chia-Yu , Chuang Chiung-Cheng
Published: February 2025

Current chronic pain intensity assessment methods are large based on self-description, which is the gold-standard in clinical practice. However, for patients who lack communication ability or consciousness, this challenging task falls on medical staff. Our study aimed to develop a pain intensity classification system to perform this task automatically. Electrocardiogram and photoplethysmography (PPG) recordings from 43 patients with pain were analyzed with recordings from 20 healthy volunteers as a control group. A numerical rating scale was derived to assess pain intensity, which was divided into four categories of no pain, low pain, moderate pain, and severe pain as specific labels. To explore the robustness of PPG and heart rate variability (HRV) features, a hybrid feature selection (HFS) method was applied to identify important indicators based on majority rule. Additionally, a multi-class support vector machine (SVM) was utilized for classification with 10-fold cross validation. The overall estimation accuracy of the SVM for the four pain intensity levels was approximately 74.6%. It was determined that PPG and HRV features with HFS can provide sufficient information to discriminate different pain intensities in myofascial chronic pain patients. Additionally, our study yielded a novel perspective regarding the trends of PPG features in clinical practice.