bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Two new species of Homaloxestis Meyrick, 1910 (Lepidoptera: Lecithoceridae) from Uganda, with a checklist of the genus in the Afrotropical Region
Authors: PARK KYU-TEK , KOO JUN-MO , MEY WOLFRAM
Published: August 2019

Two new species of the genus Homaloxestis Meyrick, 1910 are described from Uganda, Africa: H. arcuatus sp. nov. and H. lactizonalis sp. nov. A previously known species of the genus from Uganda, H. hemigastra Meyrick, 1931 is transferred to the genus Furcalis Park as F. hemigastra (Meyrick, 1931), comb. nov. The female of F. hemigastra is reported for the first time and described and illustrated. New distributional data for H. lophophora Janse for DR Congo, Tanzania and Uganda are given, and a maximum likelihood-tree of the four COI barcoded species of Homaloxestis is provided to reconfirm the relationship of H. lophophora Janse and H. cholopis (Meyrick). Diagnosis, descriptions and illustrations of adults, male and/or female genitalia for the new species, and the venation of H. lactizonalis sp. nov. are provided. A checklist of the species of the genus Homaloxestis Meyrick in the Afrotropical region is given.
Geophilus serbicus sp. nov., a new species from the Balkan Peninsula (Chilopoda: Geophilomorpha: Geophilidae)
Authors: STOJANOVIĆ DALIBOR Z. , MITIĆ BOJAN M. , GEDGED AMNA M. , ANTIĆ DRAGAN Ž. , MAKAROV SLOBODAN E.
Published: August 2019

Geophilus serbicus sp. nov., a new epigeic centipede species, is described and illustrated based on specimens collected from the Stara Planina Mountains (the Balkan Mountain Range), Eastern Serbia, Balkan Peninsula. Considerations on the taxonomic relationships with some similar Geophilus species are briefly presented, and the distribution of the new species is mapped.
Hidden diversity of giant scydmaenines: five new species and new records of Clidicus in the Philippines (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae)
Authors: JAŁOSZYŃSKI PAWEŁ , CHENG ZHI-FEI , BRAJCZEWSKA NASTAZJA , YIN ZI-WEI
Published: August 2019

Until now, two species of Clidicus were known to occur in the Philippines, both inhabiting Mindanao. The scarcity of published records (merely six known Philippine specimens of this genus) suggested that Clidicus was rare in this country. We here falsify this view, by describing five new species and providing new records of the previously known species, based on a material of over 80 specimens collected on Mindanao and Luzon. Clidicus forceps Cheng, Yin & Jałoszyński, sp. n., C. interfector Jałoszyński, Cheng & Yin sp. n., C. kalis Jałoszyński, Cheng & Yin sp. n., C. occisor Jałoszyński sp. n., and C. shavrini Jałoszyński sp. n., are described. Clidicus crocodylus Jałoszyński, previously known to occur on Mindanao, is for the first time recorded in Luzon.
8. Epilogue
Authors: Lisboa Maria Manuel
Published: August 2019

The Epilogue opens with a discussion of Plato’s views on the arts, and considers how Rego’s work diverges from Plato’s perspective. Lisboa identifies a shift in perception of the function of art in the eighteenth century, which is connected to the rise of the Civic Humanist theory of art, and its relationship to Rego’s work. and how this artist’s work conflicts. Lisboa discusses the impact of Rego’s work, including the breaking of (bad) old habits and reversing habitual power organizations; challenging traditional historiography by, among other things, inscribing women into history; and advancing areas of ethical and political debate, as well as exposing the very fabric of human freedom as fragile. Lisboa explores the relationship between artist and model (with a consideration of Portugal and Britain as Rego’s models across six decades), and returns to a discussion of post-imperial Portugal’s enduring contradictions (as explored in Chapter Three). Final consideration is given to the ways in which Rego’s work productively violates barriers and disrupts familiar modes of looking at the world.
The Relationship between Overshooting Tops in a Tornadic Supercell and Its Radar-Observed Evolution
Authors: Bluestein Howard B. , Lindsey Daniel T. , Bikos Daniel , Reif Dylan W. , Wienhoff Zachary B.
Published: August 2019

This is a study of a tornadic supercell in Kansas on 14 May 2018 in which data of relatively high spatiotemporal resolution from a mobile, polarimetric, X-band, Doppler radar were integrated with GOES-16 geosynchronous satellite imagery, and with fixed-site, surveillance, S-band polarimetric Doppler radar data. The data-collection period spanned the early life of the storm from when it was just a series of ordinary cells, with relatively low cloud tops, through its evolution into a supercell with much higher cloud tops, continuing through the formation and dissipation of a brief tornado, and ending after the supercell came to a stop and reversed direction, produced another tornado, and collided with a quasi-linear convective system. The main goal of this study was to examine the relationship between the overshooting tops and radar observed features prior to and during tornadogenesis. The highest radar echo top was displaced about 10 km, mainly to the north or northeast of the main updraft and cloud top, from the supercell phase through the first tornado phase of the supercell phase, after which the updraft and the cloud top became more closely located and then jumped ahead; this behavior is consistent with what would be expected during cyclic mesocyclogenesis. The change in direction of the supercell later on occurred while the nocturnal low-level jet was intensifying. No relationship was apparent between changes in the highest cloud-top height and tornadogenesis, but changes in cloud-top heights (rapid increases and rapid decreases) were related to two phases in multicell evolution and to supercell formation.
Collaborative work partnerships: Fuel for personal resilience
Authors: Romain Amy M , Odom Amy J
Published: August 2019

Collaborative work partnerships bring joy and meaning to one’s work. Additionally, outcomes and productivity from the partnership are often richer and more expansive, contributing more to the system and more to the profession than individuals alone. Using stories and examples from their 12-year work relationship, the authors will explore elements that contribute to successful collaboration. This article will highlight the importance of embracing vulnerability as a preparatory step to creating collaborative partnerships and will discuss a model to understand how a partnership can advance the relationship to a higher level. Finally, it will examine how relational coordination in work settings can support productive collaboration.
Implementation of psychiatric e-consultation in family medicine community health centers
Authors: Lu Jiayun , Ketterer Emily , McGuire Patricia
Published: August 2019

Psychiatric E-consult is an innovative model of psychiatric consultation via the electronic health record. The project was completed as a quality improvement effort within a residency program in order to increase timely access to psychiatric consultation. Over 100 electronic consultations were requested in the initial 20 months of this project. Questions ranged from assistance with medication management, diagnostic clarification, to referral to outside resources. Findings from this quality improvement project include that the e-consultation model enhanced primary care physicians’ and associated primary care health professionals’ management of behavioral issues, increased behavioral health knowledge, and subjectively improved patient care.
“It’s never too late”: Adult students and music learning in one online and offline convergent community music school
Authors: Bayley Jonathan G. , Waldron Janice
Published: August 2019

This study is the third and final part of a longitudinal ethnographic investigation of music learning and teaching of the Online Academy of Irish Music (OAIM), an Irish music “school” situated in both online ( www.oaim.ie ) and offline (Doolin, County Clare, Ireland) contexts. We first examined the online OAIM through teacher narratives in 2011. In the second part of the study, we explored the OAIM through students’ perspectives at the OAIM’s first offline Irish flute summer school retreat week in July 2013. In this third part and final part of the study, we attended the OAIM’s offline tin whistle school week in October 2015 in Ennis, Ireland. The purpose of this part of the study was to continue our investigation of adult music learners who learned Celtic music through the OAIM, as it has continued to evolve as an online and offline convergent community music school. Findings indicate that the adult participants benefited from learning music through a combination of aural/oral, observational, and written notation in both online and offline contexts, but had differing perspectives as to what worked for them and what did not. As an online and offline convergent school, the OAIM offers an intriguing model of music learning and teaching for school music contexts and community music schools.
Media use in changing everyday life: How biographical disruption could destabilize media repertoires and public connection
Authors: Ytre-Arne Brita
Published: August 2019

This article analyses how changing life situations affect media use, conceptualized as a question of how biographical disruption could destabilize media repertoires and public connection. To answer this question, the analysis draws on qualitative data from a comprehensive study of media use in Norway, with in-depth interviews and media diaries. The theoretical approach joins domestication and media repertoire theory with research on public connection, considering the ubiquity of digital media in contemporary society. Findings indicate that smartphone use is key to people’s reorientations in periods of change, and that intimate and emotional responses to mobile media warrant closer attention. The article contributes to debates on the transformation of media repertoires, a question of growing concern within research on cross-media use, and to long-standing interests in the role of media in everyday life and as central to public connection.
The City of Brockton’s “Champion Plan”: The Role of Police Departments in Facilitating Access to Treatment
Authors: Varano Sean P. , Kelley Pamela , Makhlouta Nicholas
Published: August 2019

The City of Brockton (Massachusetts) initiated The Champion Plan (TCP) in February 2016 as part of a community-wide effort to redefine the public safety sector’s approach to policing the drug crisis. TCP program model allows those suffering from addiction to walk into a police station and ask for treatment. Early evidence suggests substantial successes for this approach to addressing addiction. Data show 523 individuals walked into the Brockton Police Department 818 times looking for help during the first 24 months of operation. Program staff were able to secure placement beds, on average, within 90 minutes of making contact with clients. Program clients report high levels of satisfaction with the program model, and early data indicate that a substantial number of clients retain engagement with services beyond intake. Findings from this study indicate police-centered treatment-on-demand programs may be viable strategies for getting those suffering from the disease of addiction into treatment.
Mapping the distribution of foreign applications for patents in China, 1987–2017
Authors: Shi Feng , Li Yingcheng , Xiong Weiting
Published: August 2019

Despite the growing number of foreign applications for patents in China, the spatial distribution of countries that have applied for patents in China, as well as its evolution, has yet to be investigated. By using cartograms, this paper aims to show the evolving distribution of countries that have applied for patents in China from 1987 to 2017. First, we find that the number of patents applied for in China has been far from evenly distributed across countries. Rather, it has been mainly concentrated in several countries such as Japan, the USA, and Germany. Second, the distribution pattern changed a lot during the first decade of the study period and has remained relatively stable over the last two decades. Third, recent years have also seen an increasing number of patent applications in China by some offshore financial markets like the Cayman Islands, where many high-tech companies are registered.
Efficacy and safety of avanafil 200 mg versus sildenafil 100 mg in the treatment of erectile dysfunction after robot-assisted unilateral nerve-sparing prostatectomy: A prospective multicentre study
Authors: Della Camera Pier Andrea , Tellini Riccardo , Cito Gianmartin , Rastrelli Giulia , Maggi Mario , Chini Tommaso , Nunzio Cosimo De , Altieri Vincenzo Maria , Serni Sergio , Gacci Mauro , Natali Alessandro
Published: August 2019

Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors represent the standard treatment of erectile dysfunction after nerve-sparing prostatectomy. Avanafil is a second-generation phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor with a high selectivity for phosphodiesterase type 5 isoform. To date, there are no studies comparing the outcomes of avanafil versus sildenafil in this scenario. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of avanafil versus sildenafil as a drug for post-prostatectomy rehabilitation. Overall, 160 patients submitted to robot-assisted nerve-sparing prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer at three hospitals were enrolled for the present study. After 6 months of treatment, patients in the two groups showed no significantly different sexual function scores, except for the Erection Hardness Score and Sexual Encounter Profile-Q2 that were higher in the Sildenafil group. Adverse events in the Avanafil group occurred in four (5%) patients and in 16 (20%) patients in the Sildenafil group. According to our experience, in patients undergoing nerve-sparing prostatectomy, penile rehabilitation with avanafil compared to sildenafil showed a lower ability to produce a valid erection in the initial phase of sexual intercourse, a difference that disappears in the continuation of the same. Avanafil showed a greater tolerance profile with a lower rate of AEs and discontinuation of therapy due to AEs.
On the Margins of College Life: The Experiences of Racial and Ethnic Minority Men in the Extracurriculum
Authors: Silver Blake R.
Published: August 2019

Today, racial and ethnic minority (REM) men complete college at lower rates and perceive a less welcoming campus climate than their white and female peers. Although these disparities in perceptions and outcomes are well-documented, we know less about how they are produced. Drawing on an ethnographic study at a four-year public university, I examine the experiences of REM men in the extracurricular realm of college. Findings illuminate how students become locked into narrow identity strategies in order to distance themselves from controlling images and conform to the demands of peers. These styles of self-presentation offer limited emotional dividends, making it difficult to feel a durable sense of belonging. Further, social class intersects with race and gender, shaping the capacity of REM men to navigate mistreatment and marginalization in the broader extracurricular landscape. This research has implications for scholarship and for efforts to support REM men in higher education.
City Profile: Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Authors: Todd Gemma , Msuya Ibrahim , Levira Francis , Moshi Irene
Published: August 2019

Cities in Africa are experiencing fast urbanization with growing demand for basic services. The city of Dar es Salam, one of the fastest growing cities in the region and the world, is likely to guide the urban future in Tanzania. Dar es Salaam is the former capital city of Tanzania and retains its importance as most of the government offices were located. However, the whole process of complete relocation of government offices to the present capital city of Dodoma might affect the dynamics in Dar es Salaam in the near future. Nevertheless, it is the leading commercial centre and economic hub in Tanzania and is expected to be a mega city by 2030. The growth of the city is construed by both natural increase and high rate of migration. However, the city’s organic growth was affected by racial-based residential segregation under the colonial regime, whose imprints are evident to date. In this profile, an overview of Dar es Salaam’s colonial, post-colonial, social, economic and location factors that led to urbanization is provided. This profile highlights the previous, current and future challenges, and explores the pathways to enhance sustainability and transformation of Dar es Salaam to be a smart city. Poor implementation of master plans led to minimal guidance of city growth, but the current land and and human settlement policy emphasizes on sustainable approach in urban planning including low costs but sustainable settlements even for the urban poor. Such transformation requires government and city management to invest in better planning implementation, creation of database that will inform future planning, improvement in social services such as infrastructure, access to quality and affordable housing, water and electricity supply. This paper contributes to the existing literature on nature of cities in developing countries, which had been affected by colonialism and poor implementation of policies, and suggest ways in which cities can to become smarter and sustainable.
Qualitative and Quantitative Method Integration in Diabetes Communication Research: Applications and Contributions
Authors: Voorhees Heather L. , Howell Smith Michelle C.
Published: August 2019

This article is a systematic methodological literature review with the goal of understanding how and why health communication researchers are using mixed methods research (MMR) to better understand interpersonal communication between diabetes patients, their loved ones, and health care professionals. First, we provide a brief overview of MMR, followed by a discussion of the appropriateness of using MMR in health research. We then explain our search procedures for identifying MMR studies about interpersonal diabetes communication and describe our analysis of the identified studies. We then offer a brief, quantitative summary of our findings and provide details of exemplar studies to illustrate the unique value added by using MMR. We conclude the article with a discussion of implications and recommendations for the use of MMR in diabetes communication research.
The Double Bind of School Nurses and Policy Implementation: Intersecting the Street-Level Bureaucracy Framework and Teaching Sexual Health Education
Authors: Dickson Elizabeth , Brindis Claire D.
Published: August 2019

As described in the Framework for 21st Century School Nursing Practice, school nurses bridge the realities of health and education policy within the school community every day. This role is inclusive of helping teach sexual health education (SHE) to students. We were interested in characterizing how school nurses navigate requirements of health education policy to provide their students with the SHE content that they need. Using data from a larger study, we organized a subset of school nurse data within the street-level bureaucracy framework to better understand the many challenges school nurses face in implementing SHE policy. School nurses’ involvement in SHE policy implementation was congruent with characteristics of the framework. This included using their professional discretion to manage dilemmas, working with inadequate resources, unclear policy expectations, lack of support, and ambiguous policy goals. Trusted relationships with teachers and students helped school nurses with their SHE policy implementation responsibilities.
Range of Normal and Abnormal Syndesmotic Measurements Using Weightbearing CT
Authors: Hagemeijer Noortje Catharina , Chang Song Ho , Abdelaziz Mohamed Elghazy , Casey Jack Christopher , Waryasz Gregory Richard , Guss Daniel , DiGiovanni Christopher William
Published: August 2019

Background:

Early recognition of syndesmotic instability is critical for optimizing clinical outcome. Injuries causing a more subtle instability, however, can be difficult to diagnose. The purpose of this study was to evaluate both distal tibiofibular articulations using weightbearing computed tomography (CT) in patients with known syndesmotic instability, thereafter comparing findings between the injured and uninjured sides. We also aimed to define the range of normal measurement variation among patients without syndesmotic injury.

Methods:

Patients with unilateral syndesmotic instability requiring operative fixation ( n = 12) underwent preoperative bilateral ankle weightbearing CT. A separate cohort of patients without ankle injury who also underwent bilateral ankle weightbearing CT were included as comparative controls ( n = 24). For each weightbearing CT, a series of 7 axial plane tibiofibular joint measurements, including 1 angular measurement, were utilized to evaluate parameters of the syndesmotic anatomy at a level 1 cm above the tibial plafond. Values were recorded by 2 independent observers to assess for interobserver reliability.

Results:

Among those with unilateral syndesmotic instability, values differed between the injured and uninjured sides in 4 of the 7 measurements performed including the syndesmotic area: direct anterior, middle, and posterior differences, and sagittal translation ( P < .001, < .001, < .001, and < .001, respectively). In the control population without ankle injury, no differences were identified between any of the bilateral measurements ( P value range, .172-.961).

Conclusion:

This study highlights the ability of weightbearing CT to effectively differentiate syndesmotic diastasis among patients with surgically confirmed syndesmotic instability from those without syndesmotic instability. It underscores the substantial utility and importance of using the contralateral, uninjured side as a valid internal control whenever the need for confirming potential syndesmotic instability arises. Prospective studies are necessary to fully understand the accuracy of weightbearing CT in diagnosing occult syndesmotic instability among patients for whom the diagnosis remains in question.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, comparative diagnostic study.
Functional Outcome and Quality of Life After Nonoperative Treatment of Posterior Process Fractures of the Talus
Authors: Wijers Olivier , Engelmann Esmee W.M. , Posthuma Jelle J. , Halm Jens A. , Schepers Tim
Published: August 2019

Background:

Fractures of the posterior process of the talus are frequently overlooked, possibly leading to nonunion, arthritis, and chronic pain. Given the rare occurrence, previous case series have been small and without functional outcome scores. Therefore, we aimed to provide evidence on outcomes after nonoperative and operative management of posterior process fractures of the talus.

Methods:

All patients treated at a level 1 trauma center between 2012 and 2018 were retrospectively evaluated. Patient, fracture, and treatment characteristics were collected, and functional outcome as well as quality of life were assessed. Twenty-nine patients with posterior process fractures of the talus were identified in our database.

Results:

The most frequently seen mechanism of trauma was fall from height in 13 patients (44.8%). Twenty-two patients underwent primary arthrodesis or operative reduction and fixation of the fracture (75.9%). Eighty-two percent of the patients returned the questionnaires with a mean follow-up of 6 years. The 2 patients with primary arthrodesis were excluded from outcome analysis. The mean Foot Function Index score was 1.8 (range 0.0-10). The mean American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) score was 78.7 points (range 0-100). The mean quality of life EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D) index score was 0.78 (range −0.26 to 1). The mean visual analog scale (VAS) on overall patient satisfaction was 8.2 (range 1-10).

Conclusion:

Operative management of extended posterior talar fractures was found to provide good functional outcome, quality of life, and patient satisfaction. Although the patients treated nonoperatively were found to have less severe injuries, they demonstrated worse overall outcome, which is supportive of surgical management. Nonoperative treatment is therefore only justified in selected patients.

Level of Evidence:

Level IV, retrospective case series.
Trashing Johannesburg: Ponte City-as-archive of everyday loss
Authors: Charlton Ed
Published: August 2019

Trash is rarely just trash. As cultural geography regularly insists, it is also often relational and resourceful, poetic even. It is, in short, a material of rich aesthetic and political value. But what of this relational geography is left when a space is cleaned up? What is lost? In Johannesburg, a city that has long prospered, spatially at least, through habitual cycles of rubbish and renewal, the impulse towards the sanitary has historically betrayed its tendency towards racial exclusion and erasure. As the city labours once again to clean up its self-image, I explore the everyday absence this pattern produces as well as the aesthetic interventions that this geography otherwise enables. In Mikhael Subotzky and Patrick Waterhouse’s part-visual, part-textual exhibition Ponte City (2014), I locate a mode of melancholy representation that gives creative, specifically archival form to the ordinary loss imposed upon Johannesburg’s tallest residential tower as part of its aborted redevelopment in 2007. In this, I attempt to reorient cultural geography’s attention away from the materiality of trash, reflecting, instead, on the allied abundance of its absence.
Exploring the pedagogic culture of creative play in early childhood education
Authors: Arnott Lorna , Duncan Pauline
Published: August 2019

We present a conceptual analysis, grounded in empirical data, of how young children’s creative play is framed by the ‘pedagogic culture’ within which the child is playing. Drawing on data from a research study with the broad aim of documenting children’s creative play in Western play-based early childhood education, we gathered exploratory qualitative observations, self-initiated iPad video diaries and researcher-led activities to describe children’s creative play. We adapted the Analysing Children’s Creative Thinking Framework as a starting point for coding and the analyses focused on three contextual cues within the pedagogic culture – space, interpersonal collaborations and materials. We ground our discussion in a contextualist theoretical frame to demonstrate that in isolation, each contextual cue presents a degree of framing to children’s creative play. When analysed as a synergy of contextual cues, however, we begin to see that the dynamic make-up of each of the contexts, and the interplay among them, create a ‘pedagogic culture’ that transforms children’s creative play. We present ‘stories’ of each pedagogic culture that we observed, to describe how children’s creative play manifested within each culture.
Productivity, Rents, and the Salaries of Group of Five Football Coaches
Authors: Leeds Michael A. , Pham Ngoc Tram Nguyen
Published: August 2019

Standard labor market theory says that workers are paid their marginal revenue product (MRP). However, firm revenue is sometimes independent of the productivity of individual workers. This often occurs in professional sports, as the bulk of a team’s revenue comes from league-wide TV contracts negotiated years in advance. This is also true for head coaches at “Group of Five” schools, which form the second tier of college football programs. We show that a coach’s performance affects both his MRP and his bargaining power over the division of exogenous rents that accrue to his program.
Curcumin Acts as a Chemosensitizer for Leiomyosarcoma Cells In Vitro But Fails to Mediate Antioxidant Enzyme Activity in Cisplatin-Induced Experimental Nephrotoxicity in Rats
Authors: Dhima Irida , Zerikiotis Stelios , Lekkas Panagiotis , Simos Yannis V. , Gkiouli Maria , Vezyraki Patra , Dounousi Evangelia , Ragos Vasilios , Giannakopoulos Xenophon , Baltogiannis Dimitrios , Kalfakakou Vasiliki , Evangelou Angelos , Peschos Dimitrios , Karkabounas Spyridon
Published: August 2019

Background. Cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum) is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of various cancers. Although it represents an effective regimen, its application is accompanied by side effects to normal tissues, especially to the kidneys. Cisplatin generates free radicals and impairs the function of antioxidant enzymes. Modulation of cisplatin-induced oxidative stress by specific antioxidant molecules represents an attractive approach to minimize side effects. Methods. We studied the ability of curcumin to sensitize leiomyosarcoma (LMS) cells to cisplatin. Assays for cell proliferation, mitochondrial function, induction of apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest were performed using various concentrations of cisplatin and a concentration of curcumin that caused a nonsignificant reduction in cell viability. Moreover, the effect of curcumin was examined against cisplatin-induced experimental nephrotoxicity. Renal injury was assessed by measuring serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and the kidney’s relative weight. Oxidative stress was measured by means of enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in the rats’ blood and malondialdehyde levels in rats’ urine. Results. In our study, we found that curcumin sensitizes LMS cells to cisplatin by enhancing apoptosis and impairing mitochondrial function. In an in vivo model of cisplatin-induced experimental nephrotoxicity, intraperitoneal administration of curcumin failed to preserve blood’s antioxidant enzyme activity and decrease lipid peroxidation. Nevertheless, curcumin was able to protect nephrons’ histology from cisplatin’s toxic effect. Conclusion. Our results showed that curcumin can act as chemosensitizer, but its role as an adjunctive cisplatin-induced oxidative stress inhibitor requires further dose-finding studies to maximize the effectiveness of chemotherapy.
Aspirational and High-Achieving Latino College Men Who Strive “Por Mi Madre”: Toward a Proposed Model of Maternal Cultural Wealth
Authors: Arámbula Turner Tracy
Published: August 2019

This article builds upon Yosso’s Community Cultural Wealth framework to propose a Latinidad model of Maternal Cultural Wealth (MCW). Drawing from the experiences of Latinos whose persistence motivations are rooted in their desire to honor mothers for their love, resilience, protection, and sacrifice, MCW proposes filial piety and custodial, emotional, and provident forms of capital to illuminate our understanding of the ways mothers motivate Latino men to aspire to and persist within postsecondary education.
Dynamic nature of intracranial venous sinuses in idiopathic intracranial hypertension
Authors: Nicholson Patrick , Lenck Stéphanie , Kucharczyk Walter , Mendes-Pereira Vitor
Published: August 2019

There is increasing interest in venous sinus stenting in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension who are refractory to medical therapy. Often the transverse sinus stenoses are bilateral, however, and there is no clear evidence for whether we should stent one or both sides in these patients. Our practice is to first stent one side, and in this brief case report, we demonstrate complete resolution of the contralateral stenosis in one such patient who underwent stenting. Her symptoms also completely resolved, and so this case highlights the dynamic fluctuant nature of the transverse sinuses.
Practical management of riociguat in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Halank Michael , Tausche Kristin , Grünig Ekkehard , Ewert Ralf , Preston Ioana R.
Published: August 2019

Riociguat is one of several approved therapies available for patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Treatment should be initiated and monitored at an expert center by a physician experienced in treating PAH, and the dose adjusted in the absence of signs and symptoms of hypotension. In certain populations, including patients with hepatic or renal impairment, the elderly, and smokers, riociguat exposure may differ, and dose adjustments should therefore be made with caution according to the established scheme. Common adverse events are often easily managed, particularly if they are discussed before starting therapy. Combination therapy with riociguat and other PAH-targeted agents is feasible and generally well tolerated, although the coadministration of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5i) and riociguat is contraindicated. An open-label, randomized study is currently ongoing to assess whether patients who do not achieve treatment goals while receiving PDE5i may benefit from switching to riociguat. In this review, we provide a clinical view on the practical management of patients with PAH receiving riociguat, with a focus on the opinions and personal experience of the authors.

The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.
Advanced virtual reality-based rehabilitation of balance and gait in clinical practice
Authors: Cano Porras Desiderio , Sharon Hadar , Inzelberg Rivka , Ziv-Ner Yitzhak , Zeilig Gabriel , Plotnik Meir
Published: August 2019

Background:

Extensive research shows that virtual reality (VR) enhances motor learning and has advantages in balance and gait rehabilitation of neurological patients. There is still uncertainty, however, as for the practicality and efficacy of VR in long-term clinical routine. The objective of this study was to report on 3 years of clinical practice conducting VR-based rehabilitation of balance and gait in a large medical center.

Methods:

This retrospective study systematically analyzed clinical records of patients who received VR-based rehabilitation in a large rehabilitation center during 3 years. We evaluated the effect of VR-based rehabilitation treatments on balance and gait, cognitive dual-task load, patient’s balance confidence (ABC-scale) and perception of suitability. Patients were either neurological patients, allocated to five groups: Parkinson’s disease (PD), poststroke (PS), multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury, and ‘other conditions’, or non-neurological patients.

Results:

Records of 167 patients were analyzed. The availability of multiple VR systems and environments contributed to highly personalized interventions that tailored specific deficits with therapeutic goals. VR-based rehabilitation significantly improved balance and gait (measured by 10-Meter Walk Test, Timed-Up-and-Go, Berg Balance Scale, and Mini BESTest). Patients with PD and PS decreased dual-task cost while walking. Patients increased balance confidence and deemed VR suitable for rehabilitation.

Conclusions:

Our results suggest that VR-based rehabilitation is practicable and effective in clinical routine. Functional measures of balance and gait show significant improvements following VR-based interventions. Clinical approaches should exploit VR advantages for promoting motor learning and motivation. This study serves to aid transition to long-term clinical implementation of VR.
The predictive role of interleukin 6 trans-signalling in middle-aged men and women at low-intermediate risk of cardiovascular events
Authors: Ziegler Louise , Frumento Paolo , Wallén Håkan , de Faire Ulf , Gigante Bruna
Published: August 2019

Background

Interleukin 6 trans-signalling is independently associated with the risk of cardiovascular events. The aim of this study was to investigate if interleukin 6 trans-signalling can identify individuals at risk for cardiovascular events (coronary artery disease and ischaemic stroke) among those at-low–intermediate risk.

Methods

In a cohort of 60-year-olds ( n = 4232, incident cardiovascular events n = 525), interleukin 6 trans-signalling was estimated by a ratio between the pro-inflammatory interleukin 6: soluble interleukin 6 receptor binary receptor complex and the inactivated interleukin 6: soluble interleukin 6 receptor: sgp130 ternary complex (B/T ratio). Risk associated with B/T ratio >median was investigated in individuals with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≤4.0 (mmol/l) and in those at low-intermediate risk according to the Framingham risk score (FRS) using Cox regression and expressed as hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval. Difference in time to event (years; 95% confidence interval) was analysed with quantile regression. The interaction between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and B/T ratio was estimated on the additive scale. Incremental discriminatory value of the B/T ratio if low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≤4.0 was compared to that of the FRS and interleukin 6.

Results

B/T ratio >median was associated with increased cardiovascular event risk when low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≤4.0 (hazard ratio 1.59; 95% confidence interval 1.24–2.05) or FRS ≤ 10%, >10–≤20% (hazard ratio 1.27; 95% confidence interval 1.00–1.61 and hazard ratio 1.78; 95% confidence interval 1.36–2.34, respectively). B/T ratio >median and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≤4.0 were associated with early cardiovascular events, particularly ischaemic stroke. No interaction was observed between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the B/T ratio, both factors increasing cardiovascular event risk by 60%. In the presence of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≤4.0, the B/T ratio slightly improved discrimination measures.

Conclusions

Interleukin 6 trans-signalling increases cardiovascular event risk in middle-aged men and women otherwise classified at low-intermediate cardiovascular risk.
Applying the Adaptive Leadership Framework for Chronic Illness to understand how American and British men navigate the infertility process
Authors: Stevenson Eleanor L , McEleny Kevin R , Moody Eilis , Bailey Donald E
Published: August 2019

In this article, we sought to understand the adaptive challenges and work faced by men with male factor infertility. Using a prospective qualitative study in private (the United States) and academic (the United Kingdom) urology clinics, we recruited seven American and five British men with primary infertility after their urology consultation for male factor infertility between December 2015 and April 2017. Individual in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted shortly after male factor infertility urology consultation and then two additional interviews at about 3 and 6 months. We found three themes related to adaptive challenges faced during fertility treatment: avoidance (not disclosing, avoided social network), uncertainty (about ability to have a child, fertility-related information, and male factor infertility status), and affective symptoms (sadness, shock, disbelief, denial, about not achieving fatherhood, and poor outcomes). Four themes about adaptive work included focusing on goal (having clear, actionable steps; knowledge received from urologist; exhausted all options; focus on parenthood), support from partner (relationship and communication), support from health care team (provision of emotional support, increased comfort with staff over time, disclosure of knowing others with same condition), and acquired information (understanding issue, support from urologist, seeking information). We concluded that men with male factor infertility face adaptive challenges including avoidance, uncertainty, and affective symptoms. To manage during the treatment process, they use adaptive work including focusing on the goal, receiving support from their partner and health care team, and acquiring information. Although qualitative results cannot be generalized to larger populations, they might be applicable to men with male factor infertility during infertility treatment.
Efficacy and safety of eltrombopag in the treatment of severe chronic immune thrombocytopenia in children of China: A single-center observational study
Authors: Cheng Xiaoling , Yan Kuo , Ma Jingyao , Chen Zhenping , Zhao Libo , Wang Xiaoling , Wu Runhui
Published: August 2019

The treatment of severe chronic immune thrombocytopenia (SCITP) in pediatric patients is challenging. We evaluated the clinical efficacy and safety of eltrombopag in children with SCITP in China. This observational study was carried out at the Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children’s Hospital between April 2017 and July 2018. Patients with SCITP who had at least 12 weeks of eltrombopag treatment and follow-up data were included. Baseline data, such as age, drug dosage, pre-study platelet count, concomitant medications, and bleeding severity, were collected. Treatment response rates, durable response rates, bleeding events, and adverse events were assessed during eltrombopag therapy for at least 12 weeks. The median duration of eltrombopag therapy was 16 (12–48) weeks. The overall, complete, and partial response rates were 75% (15/20), 35% (7/20), and 40% (8/20), respectively. The durable response rate was 70% (14/20). No serious bleeding events or serious adverse events occurred during the study period. Eltrombopag appears to be effective and safe in children with SCITP, although additional research is needed to confirm this.
Nutrition in Hip Fracture Units: Contemporary Practices in Preoperative Supplementation
Authors: Dixon Ján , Channell Wes , Arkley James , Eardley William
Published: August 2019

Introduction:

Patients with hip fractures pose a significant burden on health services. Malnutrition, frailty, and cognitive impairment are common, and key to addressing the needs of this vulnerable patient group is nutrition optimization, including reduction in arbitrary nil by mouth (NBM) perioperative regimens. In order to understand current practices, we characterize preoperative nutrition in a regional hip fracture population.

Methods:

Prospective data were submitted to the National Hip Fracture Database by 6 hospitals in the north east of England over a 6-month period. Patients were stratified by preoperative nutritional intake, frailty, and cognitive function.

Results:

In all, 24.2% (n = 205) patients received no oral intake at all preoperatively; 15.3% of NBM patients were at risk of malnutrition; and 6.9% were malnourished at the time of assessment. Median time to surgery for NBM patients was 16.75 hours, and 6.34% of patients were fasted with no intake for >36 hours. In all, 6.5% (n = 44) of patients with an Abbreviated Mental Test Score (AMTS) of 8 or above were deemed to be at risk of malnutrition at admission, compared to 11.3% (n = 50) of patients with an AMTS of 7 or below. The NBM patients had similar mean Rockwood (4.97) and AMTS (6.51) scores to patients given oral nutrition.

Conclusion:

We have demonstrated contemporary preoperative nutritional practices in the management of over 800 hip fracture patients. Contrary to perception, nutrition practices vary little when stratified for age, cognition frailty, or comorbid burden. We have identified widespread prolonged NBM fasting and undersupplementation in patients sustaining hip fracture across a region. This work suggests a need to focus less on patient factors and more on systematic practices.
Screening to prevent fragility fractures among adults 40 years and older in primary care: protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Gates Michelle , Pillay Jennifer , Thériault Guylène , Limburg Heather , Grad Roland , Klarenbach Scott , Korownyk Christina , Reynolds Donna , Riva John J. , Thombs Brett D. , Kline Gregory A. , Leslie William D. , Courage Susan , Vandermeer Ben , Featherstone Robin , Hartling Lisa
Published: August 2019

Purpose

To inform recommendations by the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care by systematically reviewing direct evidence on the effectiveness and acceptability of screening adults 40 years and older in primary care to reduce fragility fractures and related mortality and morbidity, and indirect evidence on the accuracy of fracture risk prediction tools. Evidence on the benefits and harms of pharmacological treatment will be reviewed, if needed to meaningfully influence the Task Force’s decision-making.

Methods

A modified update of an existing systematic review will evaluate screening effectiveness, the accuracy of screening tools, and treatment benefits. For treatment harms, we will integrate studies from existing systematic reviews. A de novo review on acceptability will be conducted. Peer-reviewed searches (Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO [acceptability only]), grey literature, and hand searches of reviews and included studies will update the literature. Based on pre-specified criteria, we will screen studies for inclusion following a liberal-accelerated approach. Final inclusion will be based on consensus. Data extraction for study results will be performed independently by two reviewers while other data will be verified by a second reviewer; there may be some reliance on extracted data from the existing reviews. The risk of bias assessments reported in the existing reviews will be verified and for new studies will be performed independently. When appropriate, results will be pooled using either pairwise random effects meta-analysis (screening and treatment) or restricted maximum likelihood estimation with Hartun-Knapp-Sidnick-Jonkman correction (risk prediction model calibration). Subgroups of interest to explain heterogeneity are age, sex, and menopausal status. Two independent reviewers will rate the certainty of evidence using the GRADE approach, with consensus reached for each outcome rated as critical or important by the Task Force.

Discussion

Since the publication of other guidance in Canada, new trials have been published that are likely to improve understanding of screening in primary care settings to prevent fragility fractures. A systematic review is required to inform updated recommendations that align with the current evidence base.
The Influence of Microaffirmations on Undergraduate Persistence in Science Career Pathways
Authors: Estrada Mica , Young Gerald R. , Nagy Jill , Goldstein Emily J. , Ben-Zeev Avi , Márquez-Magaña Leticia , Eroy-Reveles Alegra
Published: August 2019

The present studies aimed to advance the measurement and understanding of microaffirmation kindness cues and assessed how they related to historically underrepresented (HU) and historically overrepresented (HO) undergraduate student persistence in science-related career pathways. Study 1 developed and tested the dimensionality of a new Microaffirmations Scale. Study 2 confirmed the two-factor structure of the Microaffirmations Scale and demonstrated that the scale possessed measurement invariance across HU and HO students. Further, the scale was administered as part of a longitudinal design spanning 9 months, with results showing that students’ reported microaffirmations did not directly predict higher intentions to persist in science-related career pathways 9 months later. However, scientific self-efficacy and identity, measures of student integration into the science community, mediated this relationship. Overall, our results demonstrated that microaffirmations can be measured in an academic context and that these experiences have predictive value when they increase students’ integration into their science communities, ultimately resulting in greater intentions to persist 9 months later. Researchers and practitioners can use the Microaffirmations Scale for future investigations to increase understanding of the positive contextual factors that can ultimately help reduce persistence gaps in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics degree attainment.