bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Activity Based Costing Dalam Penentuan Biaya Pendidikan Per Siswa Pada Madrasah Aliyah Pondok Pesantren X Pacitan
Authors: Putra Rizki Rachmatullah Catur , Firmansyah Amrie
Published: April 2022

This study aims to review the calculation of the cost of education through the design of the Activity Based Costing model at Madrasah Aliyah Pondok Pesantren X. Determination of the amount of this fee is used as an alternative method in determining the cost of educational service activities per student. This research data was obtained by content analysis and interviews based on the data provided by the treasurer of Madrasah Aliyah Pondok Pesantren X. The research was conducted with and interviewed with information on the finance department of Madrasah Aliyah X Pacitan. This research was conducted in the period from March to May 2017. This study concludes that the monthly student fees can meet the cost per unit for direct materials and direct labor. In contrast, sources of financing must be sought for overhead costs by submitting assistance to government agencies and private parties either through grants or donations.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengulas perhitungan besaran biaya pendidikan melalui perancangan model Activity Based Costing di Madrasah Aliyah Pondok Pesantren X. Penentuan besaran biaya ini digunakan sebagai metode alternatif dalam menentukan harga pokok kegiatan pelayanan pendidikan per siswa. Data penelitian ini diperoleh dengan content analysis dan wawancara berdasarkan data yang diberikan oleh bendahara Madrasah Aliyah Pondok Pesantren X. Penelitian dilakukan dengan dan wawancara dengan informasi bagian keuangan Madrasah Aliyah X Pacitan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada periode bulan Maret sampai dengan Mei tahun 2017. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa biaya per unit untuk direct material dan direct labor dapat terpenuhi dari iuran bulanan siswa, sementara untuk biaya overhead harus dicari sumber pembiayaannya melalui pengajuan bantuan ke instansi pemerintah maupun pihak swasta baik melalui hibah maupun donasi.
Agricultural Advice and Decision-Making in the Management of Farms in the Main Dairy Basins of Algeria
Authors:   National Higher Agronomic School, El-Harrach, Algeria, Himeur Zakia
Published: April 2022

The study focuses on the involvement of extension services and agricultural advice in decision support for breeders, the Setif and Souk-Ahras dairy basins recognized by cereals, dairy cattle breeding and irrigated crops. A sample of 140 family farms was selected and surveyed between 2017 and 2018. The χ2 test assessed the supply of advice and sources of information useful in the management farm. The use of the Kruskal-Wallis test demonstrated the level of infl uence of the agricultural council on the decision-making of breeders by sector of activity in relation to the choice of fodder crops, fertilization and treatment of fodder crops, increase in milk production, hygiene and disease control, sale of products and seeds, improvement of farm profi tability, bookkeeping, information on subsidy programs and irrigation. Analysis of the Post Hoc ranking of our sample reveals 6 groups of breeders in terms of decision support.
Sheep Farming Management Practices in Raichur District of Karnataka, India
Authors:   University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka, Channappa Channappa
Published: April 2022

The study highlights the socio-economic profi le of sheep rearing farmers in Raichur district of Karnataka, it is evident that, 38.33 per cent of the sheep farmers belonged to young age group, followed by primary school education (39.17%), large family size (54.16 %), sheep farming experience (50.83%), small land holding(2.51-5.00,acres), (46.67%), medium annual income (43.33 %), medium fl ock size (45.83%,), 56.67 per cent of the sheep farmers belonged to medium exposure to mass media, among the diff erent mass media exposure, majority of the sheep farmers possessed mobiles phones (79.16 %), sheep farmers had medium level of extension participation (56.66%), The data furnished that, more than half (50.83 %) of the sheep farmers belongs to medium level of scientifi c orientation, sheep farmers were belonged to high and medium risk orientation56.67 and 33.33 per cent respectively, medium level of economic orientation (41.67%), medium level of market orientation (46.67%), and 46.66 per cent of the sheep farmers were had medium level of Cosmopoliteness.
Potential of Poly-house Technology for Vegetable Cultivation in the Punjab, India
Authors:   Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India, Rani Nisha
Published: April 2022

The study entitled “Potential of polyhouse technology for vegetable cultivation in Punjab” was done in the six districts having maximum number of poly-houses. From each selected district 10 adopter and 10 non-adopters were randomly selected thus making a total of 120 respondents. Potential of polyhouse technology was measured in terms of types of crops grown, most suitable crop & promising varieties under polyhouse cultivation, comparative advantage over open cultivation, extension and technological gaps in adoption of the technology. It was observed that cucumber (Rank1), capsicum and tomato were the most suitable crops grown under polyhouses. King Star RZ (cucumber), Inspiration (capsicum), LS524 (Tomato) etc. were the most preferred crop varieties grown under polyhouse structures. It was also observed these crops were giving signifi cantly better yield and market prices as compared to open fi eld conditions. The extension gaps for polyhouse grown vegetables were ranging from 20-30 q/acre and technology gaps were ranging between 35-55 q/acre emphasized that there was dire need for capacity building of farmers.
Impact of Pruning Time on Bio-Chemical Parameters of Guava (Psidium guajava L.)
Authors:   Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Kolhapur-II, Maharashtra, Choudhary S.M.
Published: April 2022

The present study was conducted on seven diff erent genotypes namely RHR-Guv-58, RHR-Guv-60, RHR-Guv-14, RHRGuv-16, RHR-Guv-3, RHR-Guv-6 and Sardar with fi ve pruning time i.e. 15th May, 15th June, 15th July, 15th August, 15th Sept. and no pruning (control). The experiment was laid out in Factorial Randomized Block Design with forty two treatments and was replicated two times. The biochemical parameters assessed were T.S.S., total sugars (Included reducing and nonreducing), acidity, ascorbic acid, sugar: acid ratio and shelf-life of fruit. The experiment was conducted for two seasons, and results indicated that the maximum TSS of fruit (12.33 0Brix) was observed in Sardar. The maximum total sugars (8.08 %), reducing sugars (5.07 %), sugar: acid ratio (22.33) with minimum acidity (0.36 %) were recorded in G3 (RHRGuv-58) genotype. The maximum ascorbic acid of fruit (208.33 mg/100 g) and shelf life of fruit (9.75 days) was recorded in G4 (RHR-Guv-14) genotype. Fruit quality of genotypes was remained more or less similar irrespective to pruning time.
Socio-Familial and Marketing Problems Faced by Women Entrepreneurs: An Analytical Analysis
Authors:   Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India, Singh Parminder
Published: April 2022

In India, empowering women through entrepreneurship has become an integral part of our development eff orts because of three important reasons viz. women development, economic growth and social stability. The study was conducted in two randomly selected districts i.e., Hoshiarpur and Roopnagar on 120 women entrepreneurs of the sub-mountainous Punjab. Lack of experience in fi nancial matters was the most prevalent problem for the registered entrepreneurs with weighted average 2.19 followed by poor risk-taking capacity with weighted average 2.08 and ranked II. The socio-familial problems foe registered and un-registered enterprises was lack of appreciation (Rank I) followed by lack of their role acceptance (Rank II). The production related problem was reported prominently by un-registered entrepreneurs and they were found unaware about the loaning schemes and lacking with the proper guidance. The intense market competition was most widespread problem in both the enterprises. Study suggested that un-registered enterprises should be motivated and guided to get their enterprise registered to draw benefi ts and to make them economically viable and vibrant.
FUNDAMENTALS OF 5G TECHNOLOGY FOR NEXT GENERATION NETWORKS
Authors:   Department of ECE, Vidyavardhaka College of Engineering, Mysore 570002, D J Chaithanya , S Dr.Anitha
Published: April 2022

5G architecture using nanocore involve the technologies such as cloud computing, nanotechnology, and All IP network. Multiple Access technologies like CDMA, OFDMA, TDMA and FDMA are defined. By increasing the capacity of the system BDMA (Beam Division Multiple Access) technique allows multiple access to Mobile Station (MS). Beam Division Multiple Access (BDMA) transference or transmission provides concurrently numerous users completely over the discrete beams. By organizing out users within the non-overlapping beams, the MU-Multiple input Multiple output channels can be uniformly decay into multiple single-user and Multiple input Multiple output (MIMO) channels; this method significantly reduce above channel estimation method, as well as the processing complexity at transmitters and receivers. Keywords- MIMO, BDMA, nanocore, AIP
Review: Different approaches for Outlier Detection in Data Stream Mining
Authors: Chauhan Prashant V. , Vyas Vijay K. , Upadhyay Darshan P.
Published: April 2022

Stream data differs from regular data in that it is continuously generated by many applications, posing unique processing issues such as enormous, limitless, and idea drift. For the researcher, data mining was one of the most exciting fields of study. In today's world, people are attempting to extract more information from data with order to aid in day-to-day forecasting. Outlier detection is utilized in a variety of applications, including fraud detection, intrusion detection, environmental monitoring, and medical diagnostics, so it's important to spot outliers in data streams. Outlier identification is done in a variety of ways. For outlier detection in data streams, some of them employ the K- Means technique, which aids in the formation of a similar group or cluster of data points. In any application, outlier detection is critical. In this research, we examined various outlier identification algorithms for stream data in depth and provided the results. Keywords—outlier, outlier detection, STORM, k-means, k medoids
Analysis of Mechanical Properties of Coconut Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Polymer Composites by FEA analysis
Authors: Kumar Satender , Kumar Rahul , Deka Kakali
Published: April 2022

In recent years, composite material replaces conventional material like metal, wood etc due to its light weight, high strength to weight ratio and stiffness properties. Natural fibers like coir, bamboo fiber, banana plant fiber etc has low cost, easily availability and less harmful to human. In this work, coir fiber is used as a reinforced material. Composites were prepared with different weight ratio of coir fibers with epoxy resin. To find the effect of coir fibers on the mechanical properties of composite, tensile test, impact test and hardness test were conducted on the prepared specimens. ASTM D638-V and ASTM D256 standards were used to prepare the specimens for tensile and impact test respectively. Experimental result shows that the addition of coir fibers increases the strength of composite; the composite with 7.5% fiber content shows maximum tensile and impact strength. FEA analysis can be done to save time and compare the experimental data with FEA analysis data . Ansys software is used for FEA analysis . Finally check any difference in experimental data with FEA analysis The experimental values are more than the FEA values. Decrease value in mechanical testing may result of the presence of inhomoginites such as, mixture of matrix and reinforced material thoroughly, air bubbles presence in the specimens
Movie Recommendation System
Authors:   Department of Computer Science Engineering, Gitam University, Visakhapatnam., Aparanji Nake Shrivatsa , Mahanthi Bangarulakshmi
Published: April 2022

In the last few years, due to the exponential rise in the usage of applications like Amazon Prime, Netflix, YouTube etc., the need for recommendation system has hugely incremented. Nowadays, recommendation systems are frequently used in e- commerce, movie suggestion, online shopping etc. Recommender systems are nothing but algorithms that are to suggest similar items to users, items could be movies, images, text, products etc. Movie recommendation is extremely crucial in the entertainment industry as it hugely impact the revenue of the industry. If a user is being suggested to watch movies of his/her liking, user tends to use a certain application for a longer time, which ultimately increases the company’s revenue. Sentiment analysis is a technical term for text mining that searches and gets important information from a text source, to help understand the social sentiment behind the text. It is an extremely common text classification tool that studies an input text and responds whether the text conveys a positive or negative meaning.
Telegram Bot Using Cloud Services For Public Rescue Operations
Authors:   Jain Deemed-to-be University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India, A Hariprasad , R Murugan
Published: April 2022

Based on the study conducted on the Role of Social Media Applications in Public Rescue Operations during Disasters, identified many limitations in the previous applications only static information is been shared with the public, users cannot request for their needs and the application is not helping the rescue team for getting the information who needs help based on all this limitations and issues in the previous application This paper proposes a Telegram Linguistic Bot service using AWS Lex, Lambda, and RDS MySQL to bring both volunteers and victims together to ensure rescue operations are successful. By using this telegram bot, the victim and volunteer can enroll and start accessing the service. Similarly, the volunteers can also register with the application from anywhere, once victims send a help request for food and shelter the data will be stored in the cloud database which can be accessed by multiple rescue team management, so the team can easily identify which volunteers are nearby that particular victim and they can assign volunteer for fulfilling the victims needs this approach will help to reduce the difficulties in getting details of victims and volunteers. Using the victim’s data, the rescue team management will get a clarification on how many people needs helps for only food and shelters makes team have a proper plan. The proposed application is developed using a serverless framework which helps to reduce the cost of application usage also if any failure or any issue happened to the application, all the logs related to each action performed in the application will be stored in the cloud watch, using cloud watch we can easily keep track of applications if there is an issue which affects the performance of the application we can redeploy the application to another region this will ensure 99.9% availability of the application. Key Words: Telegram Bot, AWS, Public Rescue Community, Volunteers, Victims, Disaster.
Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Pada Bank Perkreditan Rakyat (BPR) di Kabupaten Magelang
Authors: Utami Anindya Rifka , Nugraheni Agustina Prativi
Published: April 2022

The study aims to determine the financial performance of rural banks in the Magelang district based on aspects of minimum capital adequacy, asset quality, profitability and liquidity. The data collection techniques used are secondary data techniques and the documentation of financial statements. The data analysis method used is the descriptive method. The results of this study show that the state of the annual financial statements of BPRs in the Magelang Regency area has not yet been able to meet Bank Indonesia's 5 ratio standard, which can be described as healthy.
PENGARUH SUPERVISI, MOTIVASI KERJA DAN KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH TERHADAP KINERJA GURU KELAS DI KECAMATAN PEUSANGAN KABUPATEN BIREUEN
Authors: Raimah Raimah , Kamaruddin Kamaruddin
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this study was to measure and analyze: influence of supervision, work motivation and principal's leadership on the teaching performance of classroom teachers in Peusangan District, Bireuen Regency. The study was conducted on 160 classroom teachers in Peusangan District, Bireuen Regency with a quantitative research approach with the instrument using a questionnaire. And the analysis technique uses path analysis. The results showed that 1) There was a positive and significant effect of Supervision of School Supervisors on the performance of elementary school teachers in Peusangan District, Bireuen Regency, which was 32.92%. 2). The results of the hypothesis test prove that the influence of the achievement motivation factor of classroom teachers in Peusangan District, Bireuen Regency has a significant effect on teacher performance, which is 17.26%. 3) And it is proven that the Principal's Leadership has a significant effect on the performance of elementary school teachers in Peusangan District, Bireuen Regency which is calculated from this study by 8.44%. 4). Simultaneously, the results showed that the variables of School Supervisor Supervision, Teacher Achievement Motivation and Principal Leadership had a significant effect on teacher performance. The contribution of these three factors is 58.6%.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE AND ITS DETERMINANTS OF SELECTED MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES
Authors: SAMSU SITI HAJAR , ISMAIL NOR ASMAT
Published: April 2022

The IMF’s external sector report 2018 indicate that global current account balances are 40-50% are now excessive rather than appropriate. The fact that persistent excess imbalances are pose risk to global economy stability and putting a pressure on international trade relations. Therefore, individual economies around the globe are trying harder to fit into the global challenges which associated with risks and require policies adjustment to reduce the excess imbalances. The objective of this study is to analyse the role of debt management indicator towards the current account balance. Panel data of 13 countries is used from 1990 to 2015 for estimation which involved the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) estimator to estimate the long run relationships between debt management and current account balance. The study found evidence of long run relationships between GDP per capita growth, fiscal balance, net foreign asset, debt management, trade openness and current account balance. The variable of debt management indicator has a weak link to current account balance or debt sustainability. This study suggests several policies implications to policy makers. To strengthen the external sector position, the development of domestic debt market through fiscal and monetary policy is vital as a pragmatic step to reduce dependency on external borrowing. In addition, debt management strategies play a significant role even though relatively small in strengthening current account balance position.
MAMUT COPPER MINE: DEVELOPMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT ON SABAH SOCIETY 1960-1990
Authors: ADNAN NORAZIZAH
Published: April 2022

This paper discuss the development and social impact of Mamut Copper Mine in Sabah. The early history establishment of Mamut Copper Mine (MCM) started on 1965. Mamut Copper Mine is the largest copper mine in Malaysia. The end of the Pacific War caused Japan to look for countries in Asia to become joint venture partners and raw material needs. The economic relations of Japan and Sabah depend on each other to meet their respective needs. The result of this trust and interdependence has created cooperation between this two countries. This copper mine has had a positive impact on the social community in Sabah, especially the locals. Therefore, this paper would like to see the impact of Mamut Copper Mine from the social point of view of the community, especially in the field of employment, technology transfer and welfare of the people of Sabah in particular. The scope of the year of discussion was limited from 1960s which is the initial stage of the discovery of mineral resources until the 1990s because those years were the last years of the Mamut mine producing copper products.
FACTORS INFLUENCING BEHAVIOR INTENTION TOWARDS ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEM: A STUDY OF SMES IN MALAYSIA
Authors: MA SI YU , LEE TECK HEANG , TEOH MELISSA TENG TENK , LING CHUI CHING
Published: April 2022

This study focuses on the investigation of the main challenges that affect SME users towards the adoption of accounting information system. The conceptual framework was designed base on the technology acceptance model, technology organization environment model and stakeholder theory. The framework is developed from four major factors: organizational factor, stakeholder factor, technological factor, and external factor. The respective factors are addressed in the sub-section. Organizational readiness and compatibility are included in the organizational factors, management support and accountants are included in stakeholder factors, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use are included in technological factors, whereas for external factors it contains government agencies and regulations, competitive pressure, and vendor section. Non-probability method is applied in this study, while questionnaires are distributed through email and 106 sets of data are collected from management committees /owners of SME located in Klang Valley, Malaysia. SPSS software tool is used to analyze the data. Descriptive, reliability, correlation and multiple linear regression statistics are employed to test the conceptual framework. The results show that only two factors, namely management support and competitive pressure have significant impact on accounting information system adoption. The finding of this study is useful for government agents, accountants, system vendors and managers in assisting accounting information system adoption.
A COMPARISON OF FORM 2 ENGLISH CURRICULUM CHANGE IN MALAYSIAN SECONDARY SCHOOLS
Authors: ONG PETER , ISMAIL MD JAIS , ANUAR AZU FARHANA , ABDUL LATIF FAUZILA , CHRISTINA SIM PEI PEI
Published: April 2022

This study investigates the curriculum change of Form 2 English syllabus and compares the mentioned curriculum between two Malaysian public secondary schools. Study on the curriculum change in teaching, learning and assessment of Form 2 KSSM English Language curriculum in the two public secondary schools is discussed. A curriculum change is being implemented because the current curriculum is needed to be revised. The schools have been using the current curriculum for many years. However, recent research has shown that better, more innovative methods help students succeed in the curriculum. A team looked at new learning priorities earlier in the year, and another looked at classroom tools and materials. It is time to develop and revise aspects of the curriculum in Form 2 English. In-depth interview was carried out to obtain the findings. An English teacher from an urban secondary school and another English teacher from a rural secondary school were selected as the participants. Three interview sessions were conducted with each respondent over a period of one month. Interview sessions via Whatsapp were conducted on one-to-one basis between the researcher and the participants. After the interview, follow-up information correspondence via email was accomplished. Items in the interview were developed by the researchers. Three experts in related field were involved in validating the interview protocol and appropriacy of the language employed for this study. Findings on comparison between the curriculum change in urban secondary school and rural secondary school are discussed. This study provides the overview of Form 2 English Language curriculum of the 21st century educational setting, especially for other researchers and practitioners.
UNDERSTANDING THE FEELINGS OF ADOLESCENT INVOLVED WITH ABORTION: A CASE STUDY IN JOHOR BHARU
Authors: KADIR NAZIAH ABD
Published: April 2022

Many adolescents get pregnant which eventually causes them to choose to have an abortion of the unborn baby. There will be times when they will be overwhelmed with feelings of sadness and guilt over what they have done. Not all teenagers who choose to have an abortion do so willingly yet they have no other choice when stuck in such a situation. The pressure around makes them decide out of their sanity to abort the baby. Non-probability sampling was used for the purpose of selecting samples for this study. The sampling used in this study was conducted using snowball sampling technique. Face to face semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 respondents. Eight themes emerged from the research. Adolescents who had undergone abortion feel frustrated when their surroundings judge and discourage them. The feelings of adolescents who had undergo abortion show that involving in abortion is not easy. It demands a great deal of sacrifice and patients.
DATA VISUALISATION AND VISUAL DESIGN FOR INFORMATION EXTRACTION IN TRADITIONAL PRINT PUBLICATION AND DIGITAL CULTURE
Authors: POON STEPHEN T. F.
Published: April 2022

The subject of this study is on information design and data visualisation. The aim of research is to understand perspectives of visual design in improving critical visual literacy. The objective of study is to identify various perspectives towards critical visual literacy among audiences who have access to print publications, but who are increasingly migrating to digital media platforms. In the overview of literature, this paper will be reviewing a wide range of scholarly works from authors who have effectively identified the role of data visualisation in audiences’ use of print and digital media to extract information. A mixed-methods approach is utilised for research methodology. The first method is a case study of a century-old natural science publication. German biologist Ernst Haeckel’s 1904 double volume of lithographic prints, Art Forms in Nature, will be critically discussed. The second method presents the results of a survey of Malaysian audiences’ attitudes and perceptions towards visual information, and the key factors that foster and hinder information extraction and medium use, specifically aspects of convenience and layout design. Respondents were also queried on the functionality and importance of digital media for the purpose of knowledge, research and information gathering. Analysis of survey findings show that there is still a limited scope of understanding audiences’ challenges with both lexical (reading) and visual literacies. This dilemma is essential for visual designers to acknowledge, in the context of mapping the functions of data visualisation for designing information in publications. Among commercial publishers, particularly those in digital publication sectors, the current impact of digital visual culture on traditional print publication suggests that this dilemma must be further studied to understand future implications of data visualisation and visual design on audiences seeking knowledge and information. Some recommendations will be provided.
L’CHAIN-AUF DAS LEBEN: SHADES OF JEWISH LIFE IN TWO FILMS
Authors: HEEP HARTMUT
Published: April 2022

Film is an essential part of entertainment. Millions of people spend time in front of the big screen, enjoying mainstream movies. Special interest films reach only a limited audience. Jewish themed films focus either on the Holocaust or on Jewish life and culture. This study engages in a dialogue with the films Auf das Leben, directed by Uwe Janson, and L’Chaim. Auf das Leben! Wenn das Überleben Leben wird, directed by Elkan Spiller. Although the format and genre of both films differ, their cinematographic texts reveal significant parallels. Director Janson tells the story of Artur Brauner and his family. This Holocaust inspired story skillfully provides the background to the fictitious meeting of different pasts and selective presents, personified in the encounter between Jonas and Ruth. Elkan Spiller centers his documentary on his aunt, the Holocaust survivor Nechama Spiller, and his cousin Chaim.
EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE AND METALS (ZINC AND CADMIUM) IN EMBRYONIC STAGE OF Anabas testudineus: AN ALTERNATIVE FRESHWATER FISH EMBRYO TEST IN THE SOUTHEAST ASIA REGION
Authors: NURULNADIA MOHD YUSOFF , MOHAMAD ZAHID BAHAROM , SHARIFF MUHAMMAD AZRI , CHING LOOI YONG , MOHAMED NAJIHAH
Published: April 2022

The fish embryo acute toxicity test (FET) was proposed as a promising alternative to the general practice of fish acute toxicity test (FAT) on living animals. To date, the available information on freshwater fish embryos in Southeast Asia is limited. Hence, this study aims to present preliminary data on the single and combined exposure effects of temperature and metals, including zinc and cadmium, on the embryonic development of Anabas testudineus. Over 80% of the embryos died after 10 hour post-fertilization (hpf) in all cadmium treatments, whereas the same effect was only observed in 49.6 and 146 mg/L of zinc treatment. The optimum temperature for rearing the embryos ranged from 27 to 34°C, with a survival rate greater than 90% was recorded. The combined test of zinc + cadmium showed the additive effect with approximately 80% mortality rate at 12 hpf, while the combination of temperature and cadmium had increased the mortality rate up to 100% at 16 hpf. The temperature was found to elevate the cadmium uptake in the embryos and magnified the concentration higher than the concentration in water.
POTENTIAL MEDICINAL HERB FOR CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON Salviae miltiorrhizae
Authors: NG TING WEI , TAN PAULINA PEI SUU , LIM HOOI MIN , KUMAR DEVARAJ NAVIN , MOHD ZAIN SHAMSUL , LOW TECK YEW , PUNG YUH FEN
Published: April 2022

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its associated risk factors have been ranked the number 1 cause of mortality in non-communicable diseases worldwide and Malaysia. The high statistic in CVD mortality indicates gaps and limitations in current treatment strategies using long-term drug prescription therapies. Hence, an immediate quest for alternative and effective treatments is needed. Medicinal herbs, which are ethnopharmacologically used to treat a wide range of conditions, have been used as an alternative or supplementary treatment for CVDs and their associated risk factors. The roots of Salviae miltiorrhizae have been traditionally used for centuries to treat various diseases including neurological disorders, cancer, and even coronary heart disease. Increasing evidence demonstrated a pharmacological basis for the action of S. miltiorrhizae and its active compounds, suggesting its potential in treating CVD. The objectives of this review were first to summarize published literature and synthesize the new body of knowledge on the use of S. miltiorrhizae as the potential medicinal herb that will positively impact the cardiovascular system, and secondly to elucidate the underlying mechanisms involved in promoting cardiovascular health. It is hoped that identification of key regulatory pathways by lipophilic and hydrophilic active compounds from S. miltiorrhizae will aid further investigation of its safety and efficacy to promote the use of evidence-based traditional medicinal herbs in alleviating symptoms and improve the prognosis of CVDs and their associated risk factors.
COMBINING IN VITRO AND IN OVO ASSAYS TO SCREEN FOR ANTI-CANCER AND ANTI-ANGIOGENIC EFFECTS OF THE LEAF EXTRACTS OF Mallotus cumingii Mull.Arg. (EUPHORBIACEAE)
Authors: CRUZ ANGELO JUD DE PAZ , RAYMUNDO JENINA KATRINA GALVEZ , JACINTO SONIA DONALDO , TOLENTINO JAREL ELGIN , IPULAN-COLET LERRIE ANN DE GUIA
Published: April 2022

Treatment for cancer is often challenging and various interventions may have detrimental effects. Due to this, the development of less harmful alternatives such as herbal medicine is essential. The present study aims to determine the leaf phytoconstituents present and the bioactivities of Mallotus cumingii Müll.Arg against cancer cells through the utilization of MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) assay and anti-angiogenesis through CAM or chorioallantoic membrane assay. The leaf extracts obtained three fractions namely, methanolic crude (MCME) extracts, hexane extracts (MCHE), and ethyl acetate extracts (MCEA), and were tested on HCT-116 (human colorectal cancer cell line) for in vitro cytotoxicity, and blood vessel density and branching through in ovo CAM assay. Phytochemical analysis showed that the M. cumingii fractions contain phenolic compounds, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, and saponins. For in vitro set-up, MCME of M. cumingii were separated into MCHE and MCEA partitions and were tested against HCT-116 and obtained an IC50 value of < 30 μg/mL, which is deemed active in cytotoxicity. For in ovo set-up, two concentrations of each extract were applied to the duck eggs. Blood vessel density and number of branching points were measured through the ImageJ analysis. All extracts exhibited anti-angiogenic activity, either by decreasing blood vessel density or the number of branching points. Overall, the study demonstrates the potential of M. cumingii as a source of therapeutic agents.
EVALUATIONS OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI, Metarhizium anisopliae INOCULATE ON THE TREATED SOILS TOWARDS Paederus fuscipes
Authors: TAN ANDY FU HAO , NAGAO HIDEYUKI , ZUHARAH WAN FATMA
Published: April 2022

Rove beetle, Paederus fuscipes Curtis is a natural predator of several crop pests in the agriculture ecosystem, however, their high intrusion into human settlements caused them to become public health concern due to Paedarus dermatitis infection among humans. The entomopathogenic effectiveness of Metarhizium anisopliae Mechnikov was tested as biological control towards adults Paederus fuscipes by inoculating on soils. The mortality of P. fuscipes was observed and data were subjected to analysis using ANOVA and Kaplan-Meier method. Results show that P. fuscipes tested with the highest concentration at 1.3 × 1010 conidia/mL exhibited the shortest mean mortality time at 11.0 ± 2.5 days and survival time of 7.6 ± 0.7 days, yet the second-highest concentration exhibited at 2.2 × 109 showed mean mortality of 18.4 ± 4.2 days and survival time of 11.9 ± 0.8 days. Log Rank (Mantel-Cox) pairwise comparison indicated the significant differences between the highest concentration of 1.3 × 1010 with the control (χ2 = 62.3, df=1 p<0.0005). Both mean mortality time and survival time of P. fuscipes showed inconsistent trends from the highest concentration of M. anisopliae towards the lowest. Pathogenicity was observed at the concentrations of 106, 109, and 1010 after performing Koch’s postulates. The results were unexpected but could indicate that M. anisopliae has the potential to be a biocontrol agent at a higher concentration.
A ANÁLISE DA DISPENSAÇÃO DE MEDICAMENTOS PARA TRATAR GESTANTE COM TOXOPLASMOSE EVITANDO A TRANSMISSÃO VERTICAL E SUAS SEQUELAS
Authors: Cassiano Zamboni Rafaela
Published: April 2022

Introdução: A Assistência Farmacêutica trata da seleção, programação e distribuição de medicamentos visando o acesso e seu uso racional, sendo necessários os recursos humanos, logísticos, tecnológicos, estruturais e ambientais favorável à execução dessas atividades. Muitos são os desafios relacionados ao desempenho da Assistência Farmacêutica para que a medicação chegue ao seu destino final, a fim de suprir as necessidades da população, sendo esta uma das preocupações dos gestores do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Objetivo: Analisar o protocolo de dispensação de medicamentos para tratar os casos de gestante com toxoplasmose conforme preconiza o Ministério da Saúde, bem como avaliar os benefícios do tratamento quando ofertado precocemente. Metodologia: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, que propõe abreviar os estudos de forma sistemática e organizada sobre a análise da dispensação de medicamentos para tratar gestantes infectadas pelo Toxoplasma gondii atendidas pelos serviços da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Resultados e Discussão: Apesar da infecção não ter cura, a ação dos fármacos tem sido eficaz se introduzida precocemente, atuando na redução dos riscos da transmissão vertical. Conclusão: Observou-se nos estudos analisados que a dispensação dos insumos em tempo oportuno às gestantes infetadas pelo Toxoplasma gondii evitará danos à saúde do feto ou do bebê, além de contribuir na redução de custos com os tratamentos de crianças com sequelas causadas pela doença.
Sources Of Education Funds In School Review From The Perspective Of The Indonesian Education Financial System
Authors: Gunawan Gunawan , Siahaan Amiruddin
Published: April 2022

Basically the 1945 Constitution has mandated that the fulfillment of the right to education is the responsibility of the state. That is, normatively the state should be the party most responsible for the fulfillment of the right to education. In any case, the state should not waive its responsibility for the financing of education. On the other hand, the state through the government must continue to disseminate education financing by referring to standard standards, especially regarding education components, curriculum, teaching and learning processes, and graduation competency targets. The use of education funding must be regulated because apart from APBN/APBD funds, education funds can also be collected from the community through educational institutions. There are 7 (seven) sources of education financing, namely: Sources of funds from the central government, regional governments, parents, foster parents, community groups, students themselves and sourced from foundations. In this research, the method used is library research by collecting information and data with the help of various materials in the library such as reference books, similar previous research results, articles, notes, and various journals related to the problem to be solved. Activities are carried out systematically to collect, process, and conclude data using certain methods/techniques in order to find answers to problems faced by activities in research. In this research, the method used is library research by collecting information and data with the help of various materials in the library such as reference books, similar previous research results, articles, notes, and various journals related to the problem to be solved. Activities are carried out systematically to collect, process, and conclude data using certain methods/techniques in order to find answers to problems faced by activities in research. In this research, the method used is library research by collecting information and data with the help of various materials in the library such as reference books, similar previous research results, articles, notes, and various journals related to the problem to be solved. Activities are carried out systematically to collect, process, and conclude data using certain methods/techniques in order to find answers to problems faced by activities in research.
LEGALITY OF IMMUNISATION IN ISLAMIC LAW
Authors: Mohamad Amin Noor Shuhadawati , Shafy Ahmed Affan
Published: April 2022

Immunisation is considered as one of the modern medical marvels, an instrument against communicable diseases. Saving millions of lives every year from deadly diseases. It is well established that life is sacred in Islamic law and as such Islamic legal maxims and objectives of Islamic law ensure the safety and security of human life. While Islamic law ensures the safety and security of life, it also emphasises on the important of avoiding prohibited processes and ingredients by Muslims. Thus the legality and permissibility of any preventive or medical treatment is based on the legality of its process, permissibility of ingredients used and necessity of such a process or ingredient in accordance to objectives of Islamic law. This paper explores the legality of immunisation in Islamic law by analysing objectives of Islamic law and Islamic legal maxims to establish Islamic medical ethics and legality of precautionary medical measures. Data is obtained by analysing primary sources of Islamic law, conventional and contemporary scholarly literature, Also this paper briefly discusses the legality of vaccine mandates, social distancing and lock-downs in Islamic law.
AN ANALYSIS OF REGULATORY FRAMEWORK OF CHILD PROTECTION IN BANGLADESH
Authors: Mia Md. Tuhin , Islam Md. Zahidul , Billah Maruf , Islam Md Asraful , Md.  Norullah
Published: April 2022

Legally, a child is a person between birth and puberty who is generally a minor, also known as an individual younger than a major. Accordingly, based on the recent statistics, Bangladesh is home to over 160 million people, where more than 64 million children make up around 40 percent of the population. Many of these children continue to live below the global poverty line. Though children should have basic rights including food, education, well-being and nutrition, security, upbringing, entertainment, safe drinking, disinfection, and cleaning, these fundamental rights have been deprived of the rights of most descendants in Bangladesh. Hence, this study aims to examine firstly, the regulatory framework protecting children in Bangladesh that includes: international standards of child protection, international commitments of Bangladesh government, critical analysis of Children Act 1974, Children Rules 1976, and Children Act 2013 of Bangladesh, and National Policies and Action Plans on children protection and their shortcomings. Secondly, this study outlines a critical evaluation of domestic standards to protect children in the current Bangladeshi practices. It is a qualitative research. Secondary sources textbook, journal articles and case commentaries are used to examine the guarantee of children rights and to evaluate the applicability of laws within the country. The results of the study show that although there are several laws and policies to protect children in Bangladesh, children are still being exploited and ill-treated. Therefore, legal reforms should be introduced to combat the situation.
Calculation of the Moment of the Beginning of the Existence of Light in the Universe
Authors: Mercier Claude
Published: April 2022

The apparent age of the universe is about T » 13.56´109 years. Light is part of our everyday life, but it has not always existed. According to physicists, it began to exist about ~360 000 to 380 000 years after the Big Bang.

We calculated the exact moment of the appearance of light based on a new cosmological model shown in 2019. In this model, we make the following hypotheses: 1) The apparent radius of curvature of the universe increases at the velocity of light. 2) Our universe is in rotation on itself. 3) The tangential speed of the universe’s periphery is the same as an electron. 4) Our universe is made of a ″material universe″ imbricated in a ″luminous universe″.

With Einstein’s laws of relativity for spinning disks and the addition of speeds, we can establish the moment where the universe became transparent and emitted light. We evaluate that moment to ~361 108 years after the Big Bang.

The assumptions used for the calculations reveal some interesting facts about the structure and characteristics of our universe. This article may be a step-stone for other analyses.
DDoS Attacks Detection in the IoT Using Deep Gaussian-Bernoulli Restricted Boltzmann Machine
Authors: Coli Gafarou O. , Aina Segun , Okegbile Samuel D. , Lawal Aderonke R. , Oluwaranti Adeniran I.
Published: April 2022

Distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack is generally known as one of the most significant threats to the internet of things (IoT). Current detection technologies of DDoS attacks are not adequate for IoT systems because of the peculiar features of IoT such as resource constraint nodes, specific network architecture, and specific network protocols. Providing adequate DDoS attacks detection systems to IoT, however, becomes a necessity since IoT is ubiquitous. This study hence developed a deep learning-based model for detecting DDoS in IoT, while considering its peculiarities. The proposed deep learning-based model was formulated using a deep Gaussian-Bernoulli restricted Boltzmann machine (DBM) because of its capability to learn high-level features from input following the unsupervised approach and its ability to manage real-time data that is common in the IoT network. Furthermore, the SoftMax regression was used for classification. The accuracy of the proposed model on the network socket layer-knowledge discovery in databases was obtained as 93.52%. The outcome of the study shows that the proposed DBM can eﬃciently detect DDoS attacks in IoT.
METHODOLOGY OF ORGANIZATION OF ACCOUNTING OF COMMODITY MATERIAL RESERVES ON THE BASIS OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS OF FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING
Authors: Bobobekov Bakhrom
Published: April 2022

IN THIS ARTICLE, THE INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS OF FINANCIAL REPORTING, ITS MODELS, DISADVANTAGES, ADVANTAGES, THE OPINION OF INTERNATIONAL SCIENTISTS IN THE ORGANIZATION OF ACCOUNTING OF COMMODITY MATERIAL RESERVES ARE STUDIED, AND THE METHODOLOGY FOR CREATING THE BASIS OF THE FINANCIAL REPORT IN OUR COUNTRY THAT MEETS INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS IS PROPOSED. THE PROBLEMS OF MAZU HAVE BEEN STUDIED AND THEY HAVE BEEN GIVEN SCIENTIFICALLY BASED CONCLUSIONS.
FOREIGN EXPERIENCE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMMERCIAL BANKS AND OPPORTUNITIES TO USE IT IN THE PRACTICE OF UZBEKISTAN
Authors: Melikov Otabek
Published: April 2022

THIS ARTICLE ANALYZES THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE AND DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES OF THE LARGEST BANKS, INCLUDING FOREIGN EXPERIENCE, TO FURTHER IMPROVE THE ACTIVITIES OF COMMERCIAL BANKS. SUGGESTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPLEMENTATION HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED BY STUDYING FOREIGN EXPERIENCE.
The Economics of Demand-side Flexibility in Distribution Grids
Authors: Nouicer Athir , Meeus Leonardo , Delarue Erik
Published: April 2022

To avoid unnecessary distribution network investments, distribution tariffs are expected to become more cost-reflective, and DSOs are expected to procure flexibility. This will provide an implicit and an explicit incentive to provide demand-side flexibility. In this paper, we develop a long-term bi-level equilibrium model. In the upper level, the DSO optimizes social welfare by deciding the level of investment in the distribution network and/or curtailing consumers. The regulated DSO also sets a network tariff to recover the network and flexibility costs. In the lower level, the consumers, active and passive, maximize their own welfare. We find that implicit and explicit incentives for demand-side flexibility are complementary regulatory tools, but there are limits. If network tariffs are too imperfect, the resulting consumption profiles can become too expensive to fix with curtailment. We also find that it is difficult to set an appropriate level of compensation because of the reaction by prosumers.
Artificial Intelligence and Social Control: Ethical Issues and Theological Resources
Authors: Vicini Andrea
Published: April 2022

Artificial intelligence systems are progressively implemented in society in ways that realize forms of social control which are ethically problematic. The article discusses three examples: facial recognition systems; and how artificial intelligence is used within, respectively, the justice system and in workplaces. To integrate an ethical approach centered on principles, the article proposes, first, to assess facial recognition systems by relying on a discernment that engages an ethic of control and an ethic of risk. Second, to evaluate AI in the justice system, biopower and biopolitics guide a critical and constructive approach. Third, to challenge current trends of AI in marketplaces, Catholic social teaching inspires reflections on work and workers that aim at personal and social flourishing.