bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrospray Ionization in the Study of the Interactions between Cytotoxic Phosphino Cu(I) Complexes and Selected Amino Acids and GlyGlyHis Peptide Model
Authors: Tisato Francesco , Peruzzo Valentina , Zanchetta Giulia , Tamburini Sergio , Traldi Pietro , Porchia Marina
Published: November 2016

Tetrahedral [Cu(P)4][BF4]-type complexes (P = tertiary phosphine) are a class of monopositively charged compounds that have shown notable antitumor activity in both in vitro and in vivo tests. This biological property appears to be related to the peculiar physicochemical characteristics of these compounds. Although thermodynamically stable, they are labile at micromolar concentrations. Such a behavior allows the Cu(I) ion in [Cu(P) n]+ assemblies ( n < 4) to interact with surrounding molecules, including the rich peptide/protein environment that metal complexes have to face in the physiological milieu on the way to tumor cells. The scope of this investigation was to study the interaction products that originate from the treatment in water/methanol mixtures of representative phosphino Cu(I) compounds with an excess of individual amino acids (AAs) selected on the basis of the donor atom likely involved in metal coordination ( i.e. O-glycine, S-methionine, and N-histidine). These interactions have been investigated in electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), mainly in the positive ion mode [ESI(+)MS], and the interaction products have been characterized by sequential collisional experiments, performed by an ion trap instrument. Histidine and methionine, but not glycine, were able to mine Cu(I) from [Cu(P)n]+ assemblies through the formation of mixed [CuI(P)(AA)]+ and eventually [CuI(AA)2]+ adducts. The ability to substitute phosphine(s) by AAs and the strongest affinity for Cu(I) was proved by the study of the energetics of collisional-induced decomposition (CID) reactions [CuI(P)(AA)]+ ? [CuI(AA) + P]+. Among the investigated AAs, histidine displayed the strongest affinity for Cu(I). Transchelation of Cu(I) was similarly observed when [Cu(P) n]+ species were treated with the model tripeptide GlyGlyHis (GGH), the most investigated member of the amino terminal Cu(II) and Ni(II) (ATCUN) peptide family. GGH was able to form robust metal adducts not only with Cu(II) and the related divalent Zn(II) and Ni(II) ions, but also with monovalent ions, including Cu(I) and Ag(I). CID pathways of [CuI(GGH)]+ and [AgI(GGH)]+ were qualitatively superimposable and proceeded through losses of neutral fragments. Similar losses of neutral fragments were observed from [ZnII(GGH)] and [Ni (GGH)]. CID pathways of [CuII(GGH)]−/+ adducts instead took place mainly through intramolecular electron-transfer reactions comprising the reduction of Cu(II) to Cu(I) and the formation of fragment radical cations.
Automated Online Solid-Phase Extraction–Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Dithianon in Water
Authors: Passoni Alice , Vighi Marco , Davoli Enrico , Fanelli Roberto , Bagnati Renzo
Published: November 2016

An automated online solid-phase extraction–liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (SPE–LC/MS) method was developed for the quantification of dithianon in surface water samples, using warfarin as internal standard. The method was developed on a liquid chromatography (LC) system with Flexible Cube interfaced to a quadrupole time-of-flight (Q-TOF) mass spectrometer. A small volume of acidified water (1 mL) was spiked with internal standard, pre-concentrated online on polymeric cartridges and analyzed by full-scan MS in high-resolution conditions. The quantitative data were obtained by [M]−• of dithianon and [M – H]− of warfarin, used as internal standard. The chromatographic separation was performed on a C18 column with a gradient mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and water containing 0.05% acetic acid. The method was validated to measure concentrations of dithianon in the range of 0.010–4 μg L−1 in surface water samples. Twenty real water samples, collected from Torrente Novella, Val di Non (TN, Northern Italy), during fungicide treatments of large apple orchards, were analyzed. All samples were kept in glass bottles and stored in the lab at −20°C until analysis. It was found that in all samples dithianon was undetectable: if it is present, its concentration was lower than the limit of detection (LOD) (0.008 μg L−1). To investigate the stability of dithianon, a series of water samples were spiked at different concentrations and analyzed after different storage conditions. Results suggested that dithianon is not stable in water stored at −20°C at neutral or basic pH, but the addition of acetic acid to pH = 3.5 increases its stability to at least two weeks.
A Comparative Mass Spectrometric Study of Fatty Acids and Metals in Some Seed Extracts
Authors: Şuvar S. , Bleiziffer R. , Podea P. , Iordache A. , Voica C. , Zgavarogea R. , Culea M.
Published: November 2016

A major cause of cardiovascular diseases and cancer is diet content, so optimization of micronutrients in food is very important. Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation for patients has beneficial effects on subjective global assessment score and metabolic profiles. Fatty acid content and the metal ions in different seeds (linseed, poppy, grape, hemp, nuts, pumpkin, sesame, watermelon, chia) recommended as food supplements and purchased on the Romanian market, were compared. Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry was used for fatty acid identification and quantitation, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for analytical measurements of metals.
Comparison of SHAPE reagents for mapping RNA structures inside living cells
Authors: Lee Byron , Flynn Ryan A. , Kadina Anastasia , Guo Jimmy K. , Kool Eric T. , Chang Howard Y.
Published: November 2016

Recent advances in SHAPE technology have converted the classic primer extension method to next-generation sequencing platforms, allowing transcriptome-level analysis of RNA secondary structure. In particular, icSHAPE and SHAPE-MaP, using NAI-N3 and 1M7 reagents, respectively, are methods that claim to measure in vivo structure with high-throughput sequencing. However, these compounds have not been compared on an unbiased, raw-signal level. Here, we directly compare several in vivo SHAPE acylation reagents using the simple primer extension assay. We conclude that while multiple SHAPE technologies are effective at measuring purified RNAs in vitro, acylimidazole reagents NAI and NAI-N3 give markedly greater signals with lower background than 1M7 for in vivo measurement of the RNA structurome.
How Monitoring Influences Trust: A Tale of Two Faces
Authors: Schweitzer Maurice E. , Ho Teck-Hua , Zhang Xing
Published: November 2016

Monitoring changes the behavior of those who are monitored and those who monitor others. We studied behavior under different monitoring regimes in repeated trust games. We found that trustees behaved opportunistically when they anticipated monitoring—they were compliant when they knew in advance that they would be monitored, but exploited trustors when they knew in advance that they would not be monitored. Interestingly, trustors failed to anticipate how strategically their counterparts would behave. Trustors misattributed the strategic, compliant behavior they observed as signals of trustees’ trustworthiness. As a result, trustors misplaced their trust when they were unable to monitor their counterparts. We discuss the managerial implications of our results for designing and implementing monitoring systems.

This paper was accepted by Yuval Rottenstreich, judgment and decision making.
Avoiding eczema flares in winter
Authors: Lawton Sandra
Published: November 2016

With the days growing shorter, patients with eczema may experience increased discomfort, writes Sandra Lawton
Treating itchy skin conditions: know your emollients
Authors: Croney Stacey
Published: November 2016

Emollients can positively influence the skin's condition. Stacey Croney shares key information
Chronic oedema: its prevalence, effects and management
Authors: Cooper Garry
Published: November 2016

The ageing population means that oedema is increasing in prevalence with its physical and psychological effects on its sufferers. This article discusses the different forms of the condition and the therapies which can relieve it. By Garry Cooper

Ageing affects not only individuals but also society. It occurs throughout the western world. The ageing process may lead to the development of conditions, such as chronic oedema, as well as comorbidities such as osteoarthritis. These comorbidities can make the management of chronic oedema even more difficult. This is an especially important consideration when tailoring individualised care plans, such as exercise, as conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis can limit patients' ability to manage their oedema. Despite challenges, education can improve patient outcomes when evidence-based practice is used.
Un lugar a la educación rural en las políticas públicas
Authors: Galfrascoli Adrián
Published: November 2016

En las últimas décadas, los países Latinoamericanos han implementado una serie de re-formas a sus sistemas educativos. Estas reformas, enmarcadas en otras de mayor magnitud,respondieron a la lógica neoliberal que atraviesa las recomendaciones de los organismos definanciamiento internacional. Argentina no fue la excepción. La principal evidencia de estastransformaciones es la extensión de la obligatoriedad de la escolaridad. Este fenómeno seencuadra en las políticas públicas que nuestro país implementó para garantizar el accesoy la permanencia a la educación a mayores cantidades de estudiantes. En este aspecto, laeducación rural significó un desafío para el Estado, que implementó una serie de estrategiasque contemplaron las singularidades de este subsistema educativo merced al financiamientointernacional. Presentamos aquí algunas reflexiones en torno a las políticas públicas para laeducación rural.
Las pasantías como recurso didáctico de articulación entre escuela media–universidad
Authors: Medina Marcela F. , Torres Cristina , Romero Cintia , González María E.
Published: November 2016

Este trabajo relata la experiencia de alumnos del último año de la educación secundariaque realizaron pasantías en la Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia de la UNT. Laspasantías son un recurso didáctico de enseñanza y de aprendizaje de la Biología para faci-litar la articulación entre los niveles educativos Escuela Media-Universidad. Las actividadesdesarrolladas en las pasantías propiciaron en los alumnos la construcción de aprendizajessignificativos para iniciarlos en la práctica de la investigación científica en laboratorios de laUniversidad. La evaluación de esta estrategia se efectuó sobre la base de: a-el interés y larespuesta de los jóvenes ante las exigencias académicas, b-la autonomía en la elaboración yorganización de los conocimientos adquiridos y c-la capacidad para transferir a sus pares loaprendido. Los resultados obtenidos proporcionaron a los estudiantes experiencias de ense-ñanza, de aprendizaje y de evaluaciones valiosas y trascendentes. El informe final con el quecada grupo culminó su proyecto constituyó una síntesis integradora de los saberes teóricosy prácticos. Puede afirmarse que: -El recurso didáctico utilizado fue significativo y alentador.-Las pasantías educativas empleadas posibilitaron que los docentes del nivel medio realizaranrevisiones y ajustes sobre las temáticas específicas para facilitar el tránsito académico de losalumnos en el nivel superior.
Explicar y justificar como habilidades cognitivas en contexto de formación disciplinar universitaria
Authors: Bar Aníbal R. , Díaz Juan P.
Published: November 2016

El presente trabajo se propone reconstruir las modalidades de explicación y justificaciónesgrimidas por estudiantes de biología, a la vez que analizar concordancias y diferenciasentre éstas y las establecidas por la disciplina. En este sentido se constituyó una muestra deveintiséis alumnos de carreras de biología de una universidad pública. Para la recolección deinformación se solicitaron dos tareas, la primera puesta en el análisis de evidencias en relacióncon una explicación precedente; la segunda orientada en la elaboración de una explicaciónalternativa a la ya explícita en el texto, y a la enunciación de situaciones que tornen evidentela tesis ensayada. Los resultados muestran que la evaluación de evidencias decrece en calidaddesde las consistentes a las insuficientes, y que las explicaciones elaboradas dan cuenta dela complejidad de la trama causal.
Primary teachers’ opinions about the difficulties encountered in the Play and Physical Activities course
Sınıf öğretmenlerinin Oyun ve Fiziki Etkinlikler dersinde karşılaştıkları güçlüklere ilişkin görüşleri
Authors: Bayat Seher , Kaymak Melike Nur , Balcı Oğuz
Published: November 2016

The purpose of this study is to determine the challenges that class teachers face while teaching play and physical activities course. The study is based on the instrumental case study which is one of the qualitative research methods. The work group consists of 12 class teachers who teach at Ordu City center, suburb, and centralized villages. In order to determine the challenges that class teachers face while teaching play and physical activities course, in the study, interview forms, which had been created by researchers, have been employed. During the analysis of the data acquired from the interviews, descriptive analysis method has been used. As a result of the research, it has been determined, according to teachers’ opinions, that pre-service training regarding to Play and Physical activities course that they have taken was inadequate, that they felt need for in-service training regarding to teaching the course, that school equipment and instruments were insufficient, that there were lack of field information and that they have been living challenges caused by curriculum. Additionally, in the study, it has been seen that although teachers think that play and physical activities course is important for physical, social and cognitive development of children, they do not deploy the class hours effectively. ÖzetBu çalışmanın amacı sınıf öğretmenlerinin Oyun ve Fiziki Etkinlikler dersinin öğretiminde karşılaştıkları güçlüklerin belirlenmesidir. Çalışma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden araçsal durum çalışmasına dayanmaktadır. Çalışma grubunu Ordu İli kent merkezi, kenar mahalle (varoş) ve merkeze bağlı köylerde çalışan 12 sınıf öğretmeni oluşmaktadır. Çalışmada sınıf öğretmenlerinin Oyun ve Fiziki Etkinlikler dersinde yaşadıkları güçlüklerin belirlenmesi için araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen öğretmen görüşme formundan yararlanılmıştır. Görüşmeden elde edilen verilerin analizinde betimsel analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda öğretmen görüşlerine göre;  Oyun ve Fiziki Etkinlikler dersine ilişkin aldıkları hizmet öncesi eğitimin yetersiz olduğu, dersin öğretimine ilişkin hizmet içi eğitim ihtiyacı hissettikleri, dersin işlenmesinde okul donanımı, araç-gereç yetersizliği, alan bilgisi eksikliği ve öğretim programından kaynaklanan güçlükler yaşadıkları tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca araştırmada, öğretmenlerin Oyun ve Fiziki Etkinlikler dersinin çocukların fiziki, sosyal ve bilişsel gelişimi için önemli olduğunu düşünmelerine rağmen ders saatlerini etkin bir şekilde işlemedikleri sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Thoracic Radiotherapy for Mediastinal Nodal Recurrence
Authors: Kagohashi Katsunori , Nakayama Hidetsugu , Kagei Kenji , Kurishima Koichi , Ishikawa Hiroichi , Satoh Hiroaki
Published: November 2016

Radiotherapy has been used to treat loco-regional recurrences located at various intra-thoracic sites, but longterm survival of these patients has been rarely observed. We report herein a lung adenocarcinoma patient with locoregional recurrence, who was successfully treated with high-dose radiotherapy. The patient could survive with no evidence of recurrence 5 years after thoracic irradiation. It is probably safe to administrate high-dose radiotherapy for some loco-regional recurrent patients with favorable prognostic factors such as good PS, no body weight loss. Further studies will be required to define a favorable subset of patients most likely to benefit from an aggressive approach.
On fractional p-Laplacian problems with local conditions
Authors: Li Anran , Wei Chongqing
Published: November 2016

In this paper, we deal with fractional p-Laplacian equations of the form

{

(

-
Δ

)

p
s

⁢
u

=

λ
⁢
f
⁢

(
x
,
u
)

,

x
∈
Ω

,

u
⁢

(
x
)

=
0

,

x
∈

ℝ
N

∖
Ω

,

\left\{\begin{aligned} \displaystyle(-\Delta)_{p}^{s}u&\displaystyle=\lambda f%
(x,u),&&\displaystyle x\in\Omega,\\
\displaystyle u(x)&\displaystyle=0,&&\displaystyle x\in\mathbb{R}^{N}\setminus%
\Omega,\end{aligned}\right.

where

λ
∈

(
0
,

+
∞

)

{\lambda\in(0,+\infty)}

,

0
<
s
<
1
<
p
<

+
∞

{0<s<1

0

{\delta>0}

is small, existence and multiplicity of nontrivial solutions are obtained via variational methods.
Importance of computer games in children’s life in the 21st century
Authors: Sochocka Anna , Bednarska Magdalena , Grabska-Gradzińska Iwona
Published: November 2016

This paper discusses the level of acceptation of different kinds of computer games and the changes of the attitude depending on the respondents’ knowledge and context of playing activity. The forms of entertainment for the young generations are the extremely popular computer games. The main goal of this paper is to show the attitude of people toward the game industry and the correlation between the ways of spending spare time and the level of acceptation of computer games. The study is based on a questionnaire in which respondents could declare their opinions in open questions. The study included more than 60 parents, both men and women. It is not surprising that, despite the popularity of computer games, they still arouse much controversy, particularly as they relate to children. Collected parents’ opinions give the picture of the most important pros and cons of playing games and the goals and circumstances of the game activity. When respondents have been informed about term “serious games”, they have changed their previous perceptions of computer games, and the acceptance to the children’s activity grows.
Use of the Free to Play model in games with a purpose: the RoboCorp game case study
Authors: Dziedzic Dagmara
Published: November 2016

This article presents the RoboCorp game. RoboCorp is a game with a purpose aimed at facilitating the annotation process of a natural language data. What makes this game unique and novel is the use of various mechanisms known from the popular Free to Play model to provide a fun and attractive gameplay. These mechanisms are presented and described in detail in the context of RoboCorp. The obtained annotation results are discussed and compared to other similar annotation tools available.
Unusual structures of CCTG repeats and their participation in repeat expansion
Authors: Guo Pei , Lam Sik Lok
Published: November 2016

CCTG repeat expansion in intron 1 of the cellular nucleic acid-binding protein (CNBP) gene has been identified to be the genetic cause of myotonic dystrophy type 2 (DM2). Yet the underlying reasons for the genetic instability in CCTG repeats remain elusive. In recent years, CCTG repeats have been found to form various types of unusual secondary structures including mini-dumbbell (MDB), hairpin and dumbbell, revealing that there is a high structural diversity in CCTG repeats intrinsically. Upon strand slippage, the formation of unusual structures in the nascent strand during DNA replication has been proposed to be the culprit of CCTG repeat expansions. On the one hand, the thermodynamic stability, size, and conformational dynamics of these unusual structures affect the propensity of strand slippage. On the other hand, these structural properties determine whether the unusual structure can successfully escape from DNA repair. In this short overview, we first summarize the recent advances in elucidating the solution structures of CCTG repeats. We then discuss the potential pathways by which these unusual structures bring about variable sizes of repeat expansion, high strand slippage propensity and efficient repair escape.
Comparison of ex vivo stability of copeptin and vasopressin
Authors: Heida Judith E. , Boesten Lianne S.M. , Ettema Esmée M. , Muller Kobold Anneke C. , Franssen Casper F.M. , Gansevoort Ron T. , Zittema Debbie
Published: November 2016

Background:

Copeptin, part of the vasopressin precursor, is increasingly used as marker for vasopressin and is claimed to have better ex vivo stability. However, no study has directly compared the ex vivo stability of copeptin and vasopressin.

Methods:

Blood of ten healthy volunteers was collected in EDTA tubes. Next, we studied the effect of various pre-analytical conditions on measured vasopressin and copeptin levels: centrifugation speed, short-term storage temperature and differences between whole blood and plasma, long-term storage temperature and repeated freezing and thawing. The acceptable change limit (ACL), indicating the maximal percentage change that can be explained by assay variability, was used as cut-off to determine changes in vasopressin and copeptin.

Results:

The ACL was 25% for vasopressin and 19% for copeptin. Higher centrifugation speed resulted in lower vasopressin levels, whereas copeptin concentration was unaffected. In whole blood, vasopressin was stable up to 2 h at 25°C and 6 h at 4°C. In plasma, vasopressin was stable up to 6 h at 25°C and 24 h at 4°C. In contrast, copeptin was stable in whole blood and plasma for at least 24h at both temperatures. At –20°C, vasopressin was stable up to 1 month and copeptin for at least 4 months. Both vasopressin and copeptin were stable after 4 months when stored at –80°C and –150°C. Vasopressin concentration decreased after four freeze-thaw cycles, whereas copeptin concentration was unaffected.

Conclusion:

Vasopressin levels were considerably affected by pre-analytical conditions, while copeptin levels were stable. Therefore, a strict sample handling protocol for measurement of vasopressin is recommended.
Process Simulation for Removing Impurities From Wastewater Using Sour Water 2-Strippers system via Aspen Hysys
Authors: Nabgan Bahador , Abdullah Tuan Amran Tuan , Nabgan Walid , Ahmad Arshad , Saeh Ibrahim , Moghadamian Kamal
Published: November 2016

In this paper, Aspen Hysys v8.8 was used to simulate two strippers for sour water stripping process as the aim for removal of chemical impurities such as hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide and ammonia in wastewater. As a result of elimination of these impurities, the water can be reused. Comparison between single and two strippers and elevating the stripping efficiency was the objectives of the present study. The feed flow rate and compositions were specified according to the typical Chevron WWT process conditions. The simulation result shows that 100 % ammonia was stripped into the two stripper system but only 24 % stripped in the single stripper system. The result of H2O was almost same in both systems. The stripped water collected via the bottom of the Ammonia Stripper contains less than 10 ppm of hydrogen sulphide and less than 50 ppm of ammonia.
Do we need to consider age and gender for accurate diagnosis of myocardial infarction?
Authors: Mueller-Hennessen Matthias , Giannitsis Evangelos
Published: November 2016

According to the universal definition, a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) can be made in the presence of a kinetic change of cardiac troponin (cTn) with at least one value above the 99th percentile of a healthy population together with clinical signs of myocardial ischemia. Thus, differences in 99th percentile cut-off values may have important diagnostic and therapeutic consequences for the correct AMI diagnosis. Following the introduction of high-sensitivity (hs) cTn assays with the ability to detect cTn in virtually every healthy individual, almost all available hs Tn assays suggest to use solitary 99th percentile cut-offs. However, several findings have questioned the use of a solitary cut-off for AMI diagnosis, as apparent age- and gender-dependent differences were found concerning the 99th percentile cut-off value. Moreover, there is an increasing number of studies which suggest a relevant diagnostic and prognostic benefit, when age- or gender-specific cut-offs values are used in comparison to general cut-offs. In contrast, other studies observed only a small impact on diagnostic reclassification and risk stratification. Given these ambiguous findings, there is currently no clear evidence for the use of age- and/or gender-dependent 99th percentiles. This review gives an overview of the rationale for gender- and age-dependent differences in cTn biomarker findings and discusses the implementation of these findings into clinical practice.
The kinetics of haemoglobin and ferritin in longitudinal community patients with iron deficiency or hypoxia
Authors: Badrick Tony , Richardson Alice M. , Arnott Ashley , Lidbury Brett A.
Published: November 2016

Background:

Red cell distribution width (RDW) is well recognised as a marker of iron-deficient anaemia, as well as useful to the distinction between some anaemic states. A role in the prediction of patient mortality and for the laboratory diagnosis of organ dysfunction has been also investigated. RDW has recently been suggested as a marker of acute and chronic hypoxia.

Methods:

In this paper we use RDW kinetics to identify different patient groups and then investigate the relationship between RDW, ferritin and haemoglobin kinetics in a large cross-sectional community patient dataset.

Results:

A novel mathematical model of this relationship is developed that captures all aspects of variation in the data. A linear regression of RDW/log(ferritin) on days is combined with a multi-level random structure including random intercepts and slopes for each patient.

Conclusions:

No evidence of an age affect was found in the data. On the other hand, significant patterns in the rises and falls of log(ferritin) and haemoglobin with RDW over time are identified.
Standard cocycles: Variations on themes of C. Kassel’s and R. Wilson’s
Authors: Pianzola Arturo , Prelat Daniel , Sepp Claudia
Published: November 2016

Central extensions of Lie algebras can be understood and classified by means of 2-cocycles. The Lie algebras we are interested in are “twisted forms” (defined by Galois descent) of algebras of the form

𝔤

⊗
k

R

{{\mathfrak{g}}\otimes_{k}R}

with

𝔤

{{\mathfrak{g}}}

split finite-dimensional simple over a base field k of characteristic 0 and R a commutative unital and associative k-algebra (such algebras are ubiquitous in modern infinite-dimensional Lie theory). We introduce a special type of cocycle that we called standard. Our main result shows that any cocycle is cohomologous to a unique standard cocycle. As an application we give a precise description of the universal central extension of the twisted forms of

𝔤

⊗
k

R

{{\mathfrak{g}}\otimes_{k}R}

mentioned above. This yields a new proof of a classic theorem of C. Kassel [8]. For multiloop algebras, we obtain a “twisted” version of Kassel’s result (which is due to R. Wilson [21] in the case of the affine Kac–Moody Lie algebras).
Forecast Transparency and Inflation Volatility: Empirical Evidence from Developing Countries
Authors: Mazhar Ummad , M’baye Cheick Kader
Published: November 2016

The desirability of transparency in its varied aspects is not always certain particularly for developing countries. This paper empirically investigates the link between forecast transparency and inflation volatility in a relatively homogenous sample of 41 developing economies over 1998–2007. It classifies central banks into transparent and opaque groups on the basis of their forecast transparency. The differential effect of the forecast transparency is then estimated both at a point in time and over time while controlling for the relevant factors. The main finding of the paper is that forecast transparency stabilizes inflation. In addition, we find that the stabilizing effect of disclosing numerical forecasts gets stronger over time supporting the theoretical insight that forecast transparency allows reputational externalities, and minimizes the likelihood of policy inconsistency. The results are robust against different specifications of the empirical model.
Study on Strengthening and Toughening Mechanisms of Aluminum Alloy 2618-Ti at Elevated Temperature
Authors: Kun Ma , Tingting Liu , Ya Liu , Xuping Su , Jianhua Wang
Published: November 2016

The tensile properties of the alloy 2618 and 2618-Ti were tested using a tensile testing machine. The morphologies of the fracture of tensile samples were observed using scanning electron microscopy. The strengthening and toughening mechanisms of alloy 2618-Ti at elevated temperature were systematically investigated based on the analyses of experimental results. The results showed that the tensile strength of alloy 2618-Ti is much higher than that of alloy 2618 at the temperature range of 250 and 300 °C. But the elongation of alloy 2618-Ti is much higher than that of alloy 2618 at the temperature range of 200 and 300 °C. The equal-strength temperature of intragranular and grain boundary of alloy 2618-Ti is about 235 °C. When the temperature is lower than 235 °C, the strengthening of alloy 2618-Ti is ascribed to the strengthening effect of fine grains and dispersed Al3Ti/Al18Mg3Ti2 phase. When the temperature is higher than 235 °C, the strengthening effect of alloy 2618-Ti is mainly attributed to the load transfer of Al3Ti and Al18Mg3Ti2 particles. The toughening of alloy 2618-Ti at elevated temperature is mainly ascribed to the fine grain microstructure, excellent combination between matrix and dispersed Al3Ti/Al18Mg3Ti2 particles as well as the recrystallization of the alloy at elevated temperature.
Processing and Properties of Fire Resistant EPDM Rubber-Based Ceramifiable Composites
Authors: Anyszka Rafał , Bieliński Dariusz M. , Pędzich Zbigniew , Zarzecka-Napierała Magdalena , Imiela Mateusz , Rybiński Przemysław
Published: November 2016

Low softening point temperature glassy frit, reinforcing silica, wollastonite and dicumyl peroxide were incorporated into ethylene-propylene-diene (EPDM) rubber matrix in different amounts in order to obtain ceramifiable composites. Kinetics of vulcanization of the mixes was measured. Mechanical properties, micromorphology, thermal properties and combustibility of the vulcanizates were studied as well as compression strength of the ceramic residue obtained after heat treatment. Studies show that optimal amount of glassy frit from the point of view of ceramification effectiveness in dispersed mineral phase is 40 % wt.
Preparation of Direct Reduction Sponge Iron (DRI) Using Pyrite Cinder Containing Nonferrous Metals
Authors: Chun Tiejun , Long Hongming , Di Zhanxia , Meng Qingmin , Wang Ping
Published: November 2016

Pyrite cinder is a solid waste generated by the sulfuric acid industry and is considered environmentally hazardous. It contains abundant iron, such as Fe2O3 and Fe3O4, and nonferrous metals, such as zinc, lead and copper. In order to try and recycle this material as a source of Fe units, preparation of direct reduction iron (DRI) using pyrite cinder was investigated by coal-based grate rotary kiln process. This process includes chloridizing and reduction roasting. The results show that 97 % lead was removed after the chloridizing process. Copper was only detached in chloridizing process with the removal rate of 78.49 %. Furthermore, the removal of zinc was carried out in both chloridizing and reduction process, and the removal rate of 96.76 % was achieved after reduction roasting. The final product representing a metallization degree of 93.36 % with compressive strength of 1,198 N/pellet was obtained after the oxidized pellets were reduced at 1,050 °C for 80 min.
Von der Unmöglichkeit nicht zu kommunizieren
Authors: Patzel-Mattern Katja
Published: November 2016

The paper examines corporate communication after industrial accidents and the media reception of this communication. It compares the accident at BASF in 1921 with that of 1976 at Meda, better known as the Seveso disaster. The leading thesis is that patriarchal concepts of corporate governance marked the companies’ communications in both cases. They were instrumental, alongside strategic and legal considerations, to the communicative appropriation of actions taken, as well as for public activities of the managements. However, a different configuration of the patriarchal concept of communication on the one hand and changing social conditions on the other, effected a shift in the perception of communicative action in public media. The comparison shows two things. First, successful crisis communication in the sense of social acceptance requires that concepts of order, which define the communicative behavior of companies, match those that characterize societal expectations. And second, the comparison reveals that any kind of corporate activity after industrial accidents, even public restraint, is conceived as an act of communication in a mass media society.
Die Krise als Krankheit
Authors: Peter Nina , Lubrich Oliver
Published: November 2016

The article examines the conceptual metaphor of illness in representations of financial crises. Understanding the economy in terms of the body is one of the dominant concepts in contemporary media coverage on economic events. Accordingly, images of illness proliferate in the discourse on the financial crisis of 2008/2009. This paper presents a quantitative analysis of illness metaphors in 53 articles on the financial crisis published from August 2008 to September 2009 in the German weekly magazine Der Spiegel. The journalistic metaphors of illness interpret the financial crisis as a disease and thus naturalize the economic events. The second part of the article analyzes an alternative use of illness metaphors in literary and autobiographical texts on traders. Instead of understanding the economy as a victim of an illness, these texts ascribe an infectious quality to the economic system. In these representations the financial economy is criticized for causing diseases not only of its participants, but of the society in general.
A linear regularization method for a nonlinear parameter identification problem
Authors: Nair M. Thamban , Das Roy Samprita
Published: November 2016

In order to obtain regularized approximations for the solution q of the parameter identification problem

-
∇

.

(

q
⁢

∇
⁡
u

)

=
f

{-\nabla.(q\nabla u)=f}

in Ω
along with the Neumann boundary condition

q
⁢

∂
⁡
u

∂
⁡
ν

=
g

{q\frac{\partial u}{\partial\nu}=g}

on

∂
⁡
Ω

{\partial\Omega}

, which is an ill-posed problem, we consider its weak formulation as a linear operator equation with operator as a function of the data

u
∈

W

1
,
∞

⁢

(
Ω
)

{u\in W^{1,\infty}(\Omega)}

, and then apply the Tikhonov regularization and a finite-dimensional approximation procedure when the data is noisy. Here, Ω is a bounded domain in

ℝ
d

{{\mathbb{R}}^{d}}

with Lipschitz boundary,

f
∈

L
2

⁢

(
Ω
)

{f\in L^{2}(\Omega)}

and

g
∈

H

-

1
/
2

⁢

(

∂
⁡
Ω

)

{g\in H^{-1/2}(\partial\Omega)}

. This approach is akin to the equation error method of Al-Jamal and Gockenback (2012) wherein error estimates are obtained in terms of a quotient norm, whereas our procedure facilitates to obtain error estimates in terms of the regularization parameters and data errors with respect to the norms of the spaces under consideration. In order to obtain error estimates when the noisy data belongs to

L
2

⁢

(
Ω
)

{L^{2}(\Omega)}

instead of

W

1
,
∞

⁢

(
Ω
)

{W^{1,\infty}(\Omega)}

, we shall make use of a smoothing procedure using the Clement operator under additional assumptions of Ω and u.
Allergic Inflammation Leads to Neuropathic Pain via Glial Cell Activation
Authors: Yamasaki Ryo , Fujii Takayuki , Wang Bing , Masaki Katsuhisa , Kido Mizuho A. , Yoshida Mari , Matsushita Takuya , Kira Jun-ichi
Published: November 2016

Allergic and atopic disorders have increased over the past few decades and have been associated with neuropsychiatric conditions, such as autism spectrum disorder and asthmatic amyotrophy. Myelitis presenting with neuropathic pain can occur in patients with atopic disorder; however, the relationship between allergic inflammation and neuropathic pain, and the underlying mechanism, remains to be established. We studied whether allergic inflammation affects the spinal nociceptive system. We found that mice with asthma, atopic dermatitis, or atopic diathesis had widespread and significantly more activated microglia and astroglia in the spinal cord than those without atopy, and displayed tactile allodynia. Microarray analysis of isolated microglia revealed a dysregulated phenotype showing upregulation of M1 macrophage markers and downregulation of M2 markers in atopic mice. Among the cell surface protein genes, endothelin receptor type B (EDNRB) was most upregulated. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that EDNRB expression was enhanced in microglia and astroglia, whereas endothelin-1, an EDNRB ligand, was increased in serum, lungs, and epidermis of atopic mice. No EDNRA expression was found in the spinal cord. Expression of FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog B was significantly higher in the dorsal horn neurons of asthma mice than nonatopic mice. The EDNRB antagonist BQ788 abolished glial and neural activation and allodynia. We found increased serum endothelin-1 in atopic patients with myelitis and neuropathic pain, and activation of spinal microglia and astroglia with EDNRB upregulation in an autopsied case. These results suggest that allergic inflammation induces diffuse glial activation, influencing the nociceptive system via the EDNRB pathway.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe prevalence of allergic disorders has markedly increased over the past few decades. Allergic disorders are associated with neuropsychiatric conditions; however, the relationship between allergic inflammation and CNS complications is unknown. A peculiar myelitis presenting with persistent neuropathic pain has been reported in patients with allergic disorders. We studied how atopy exerts substantial influence on the nociceptive system. We found that mice with allergic disorders had severe allodynia with activated astroglia and microglia, and showed marked upregulation of endothelin-1 (ET-1) receptor type B (EDNRB) in the spinal cord. A selective EDNRB antagonist prevented allodynia and glial activation. Our findings suggest a novel mechanism whereby atopy induces glial activation and neuropathic pain via an ET-1/EDNRB pathway.
Stay for a Dollar a Day
Authors: Copeland Jeffrey
Published: November 2016

This article examines the support that California's church groups offered to Japanese Americans during their resettlement after internment from 1945 to 1947, focusing on the hostels these groups opened to house, feed, provide storage, and assist with employment and long-term housing for their Japanese residents. It offers a narrative of California's church hostels, which have been overshadowed in the scholarship by those in the Midwest and East, which operated for nearly two years before the West Coast was reopened to internees. These select church groups were among the lone supporters of Japanese Americans in California and elsewhere in the country, and demonstrated Christian charity by lending a measure of humanity to an otherwise inhumane situation. At the same time, they voiced strong support for the government that was prosecuting the internment of the very people they claimed to support. Conflating Christian and democratic language, church leaders voiced support simultaneously for a popular war and for the most unpopular ethnic group in the country. During resettlement they adopted the War Relocation Authority's program of assimilation to insulate themselves from criticism as they provided aid to “the enemy.” This paradox of church support is the central focus of this article.
Seipin regulates ER–lipid droplet contacts and cargo delivery
Authors: Salo Veijo T , Belevich Ilya , Li Shiqian , Karhinen Leena , Vihinen Helena , Vigouroux Corinne , Magré Jocelyne , Thiele Christoph , Hölttä‐Vuori Maarit , Jokitalo Eija , Ikonen Elina
Published: November 2016

Seipin is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane protein implicated in lipid droplet (LD) biogenesis and mutated in severe congenital lipodystrophy (BSCL2). Here, we show that seipin is stably associated with nascent ER–LD contacts in human cells, typically via one mobile focal point per LD. Seipin appears critical for such contacts since ER–LD contacts were completely missing or morphologically aberrant in seipin knockout and BSCL2 patient cells. In parallel, LD mobility was increased and protein delivery from the ER to LDs to promote LD growth was decreased. Moreover, while growing LDs normally acquire lipid and protein constituents from the ER, this process was compromised in seipin‐deficient cells. In the absence of seipin, the initial synthesis of neutral lipids from exogenous fatty acid was normal, but fatty acid incorporation into neutral lipids in cells with pre‐existing LDs was impaired. Together, our data suggest that seipin helps to connect newly formed LDs to the ER and that by stabilizing ER–LD contacts seipin facilitates the incorporation of protein and lipid cargo into growing LDs in human cells.
Cushing syndrome in a child due to pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) secretion from a yolk sac tumor
Authors: Gevers Evelien F , Meredith Suzanne , Shah Pratik , Torpiano John , Peters Catherine , Sebire Neil J , Slater Olga , White Anne , Dattani Mehul T
Published: November 2016

Context

Pituitary microadenomas and adrenal tumours are the most common causes for endogenous Cushing syndrome (CS) in children.

Case description

We describe a two-year old girl with Cushing syndrome due to ectopic pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) production from an abdominal yolk sac tumor. Cortisol concentrations were elevated but adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) concentrations were equivocal. The use of antibodies specifically detecting ACTH precursors revealed that plasma ACTH precursors were elevated. Additionally, an ACTH assay with a low cross-reactivity for precursors showed low concentrations of ACTH. Immunohistochemistry suggested POMC but not ACTH production by the tumour.

Conclusion

We describe a yolk sac tumour as a novel source of ectopic POMC production leading to CS in a young girl.
MONITORING KUALITAS AIR DI WADUK Ir. H. DJUANDA
Authors: Mariyam Siti
Published: November 2016

Waduk Ir. H. Djuanda merupakan suatu badan air yang berasal dari bendungan Sungai Citarum, selesai dibangun tahun 1967. Waduk ini terletak di Kabupaten Purwakarta Jawa Barat, dikelilingi oleh pegunungan kapur yang agak gundul, memiliki luas permukaan sekitar 8.300 Ha dan ketinggian 111 m dpl (Sarnita 1981). Waduk Ir. H. Djuanda tahun 2004 memiliki kedalaman maksimum sekitar 35-58 m. Aktifitas yang dilakukan dalam waduk ini (Gambar 1) adalah pembangkit listrik, irigasi, perikanan, wisata, transportasi, sumber air minum, dan lain-lain. Kegiatan tersebut memerlukan kualitas air yang layak.
KARAKTERISTIK “JARING CANTRANG” YANG DIOPERASIKAN DI PERAIRAN PANTAI UTARA JAWA
Authors: Sawon Sawon , Rahmat Enjah , Suwardi Suwardi , Salim Agus , H.E Nardi H.E
Published: November 2016

Selama ini perikanan laut menyumbang devisa negara sekitar 60 sampai dengan 70% setiap tahunnya terhadap perikanan nasional. Meskipun sumber daya tersebut bersifat dapat diperbaharui, namun pemanfaatan yang tidak irrasional bisamenyebabkan penurunan sumber daya secara kualitas maupun kuantitas. Oleh karena itu, pemanfaatan sumber daya harus lebih berhati-hati dan disertaipengaturan-pengaturan agar pengupayaannya tidak melebihi batas optimal sehingga kelestariannya terjamin.
TEKNIK PENGGUNAAN ALAT TANGKAP TAJUR (Hook and lines) DI RAWA BANJIRAN SUNGAI MUSI, SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Sayani Ahmad Sayani
Published: November 2016

Sungai Musi merupakan Sungai terpanjang diSumatera Selatan, memiliki 9 buah anak sungai.(Menon dalam Gaffar, 1997). Kegiatan penangkapanikan di perairan rawa banjiran di lakukan sepanjangtahun. Ada beberapa jenis alat tangkap yangdigunakan, antara lain tajur (hook and lines), karenaharga murah dan mudah didapatkan (Gambar 1).Kegiatan penangkapan berlaku sepanjang tahun,puncak musim berlangsung pada musim kemarau(bulan Maret sampai dengan September). Alat tangkaptajur dengan umpan anak katak atau cacing atauanakan ikan hanya digunakan untuk menangkap ikangabus. Ikan gabus (Channa striata Bloch) adalah salahsatu jenis ikan bernilai ekonomis yang digemari oleh masyarakat karena mempunyai tekstur daging yang putih dan tebal serta cita rasa yang khas. Dengan tekstur daging yang tebal dan putih serta tidak mempunyai duri selip ikan gabus merupakan jenisikan yang paling banyak digunakan untuk produk olahan seperti kerupuk, pempek, dan berbagai makanan lain. Kondisi ini menyebabkan masyarakatnelayan menjadi tertarik untuk menangkap ikan gabus dengan menggunakan alat tangkap tersebut. Menurut anonim (2002), ikan gabus dewasa makananutamanya adalah udang, serangga, katak, cacing, dan ikan.
TEKNIK MENGHITUNG FEKUNDITAS TELUR IKAN LAIS (Criptopterus sp.) DI SUAKA PERIKANAN SUNGAI SAMBUJUR DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI BARITO, KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Burnawi Burnawi
Published: November 2016

Sungai Barito adalah sungai yang terpanjang di Indonesia berada pulau Kalimantan, bagian hulu berada di Serawak Negara Malaysia sedangkan bagian hilir Sungai Barito terletak di Propinsi Kalimantan Selatan dan Sungai Barito ini langsungbermuara ke Laut Jawa.
ANALISIS NITRIT, NITRAT, FOSFAT, DAN ZAT ORGANIK DI SITU-SITU UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA, DEPOK
Authors: Mariyam Siti
Published: November 2016

Di sekitar kampus Universitas Indonesia terdapat 6 situ dengan luas yang bervariasi dan belum dikelola secara optimal. Situ-situ tersebut dimanfaatkan oleh warga sekitar untuk kegiatan memancing dan menjala ikan serta untuk wisata kampus. Ikan-ikan yang tertangkap antara lain ikan mujair dan sapu-sapu.
TEKNIK PENANGKAPAN IKAN PELAGIS BESAR MEMAKAI ALAT TANGKAP FUNAI (MINI POLE AND LINE) DI KWANDANG, KABUPATEN GORONTALO
Authors: Rahmat Enjah Rahmat
Published: November 2016

Kabupaten Gorontalo mempunyai luas wilayah 3.456,98 km2 atau 28% dari luas Propinsi Gorontalo. Secara geografi, kabupaten ini diapit oleh 2 perairan laut yaitu Laut Sulawesi di sebelah utara dan Teluk Tomini di sebelah selatan. Kedua perairan tersebut memiliki potensi yang besar untuk pengembangan perikanan khusus perikanan tangkap. Menurut Laporan Kantor Dinas Perikanan dan KelautanKabupaten Gorontalo produksi perikanan laut pada tahun 2004 mencapai 7.769,2 ton atau meningkat 5,4% dibanding dengan tahun 2003 yang hanya mencapai 7.167,6 ton. Produksi 81% tersebut merupakan hasil tangkapan nelayan di Laut Sulawesi sedangkan sisa 19% adalah berasal dari hasil tangkapan nelayan yang beroperasi di Teluk Tomini.