bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
When Do In-service Teacher Training and Books Improve Student Achievement?
Authors: Fuje Habtamu , Tandon Prateek
Published: March 2019

This study presents evidence from a randomized control trial (RCT) in Mongolia on the impact of in-service teacher training and books, both as separate educational inputs and as a package. The study tests for the complementarity of inputs and non-linearity of returns from investment in education as measured by students’ test scores in five subjects. It takes advantage of a national-scale RCT conducted under the Rural Education and Development project. The results suggest that the provision of books, in addition to teacher training, raises student achievement substantially. However, teacher training and books weakly improve test scores when provided individually. Students whose teachers have received training and whose classrooms have acquired books improved their cumulative score (totaled across five tests) by 34.9 percent of a standard deviation, relative to a control group. Students treated only with books improved their total score by 20.6 percent of a standard deviation relative to a control group of students. On the other hand, extra teacher training did not have a statistically significant effect on the total test score. In addition, providing both inputs jointly improved test scores in most subjects, which was not the case when either input was provided individually. This study sheds light on the relevance of supplementing teacher training schemes with appropriate teaching materials in resource-poor settings. The policy implication is that isolated education investments, in settings where complementary inputs are missing, could deliver minimal or no return.
Education and Civil Conflict in Nepal
Authors: Valente Christine
Published: March 2019

Between 1996 and 2006, Nepal experienced violent civil conflict as a consequence of a Maoist insurgency, which many argue also brought about an increase in female empowerment. This paper exploits variations in exposure to conflict by birth cohort, survey date, and district to estimate the impact of the insurgency on education outcomes. Overall conflict intensity, measured by conflict casualties, is associated with an increase in female educational attainment, whereas abductions by Maoists, which often targeted school children, have the reverse effect. Male schooling tended to increase more rapidly in areas where the fighting was more intense, but the estimates are smaller in magnitude and more sensitive to specification than estimates for females. Similar results are obtained across different specifications, and robustness checks indicate that these findings are not due to selective migration.
Delivering Education to the Underserved through a Public-Private Partnership Program in Pakistan
Authors: Barrera-Osorio Felipe , Blakeslee David S , Hoover Matthew , Linden Leigh , Raju Dhushyanth , Ryan Stephen
Published: March 2019

This study experimentally evaluates the short-term impacts of public per-student subsidies to partnering local entrepreneurs to establish and operate tuition-free, coeducational, private primary schools in educationally underserved villages in Sindh province, Pakistan. Two subsidy structures were tested, one in which the subsidy amount did not differ by student gender, and the other in which the subsidy amount was higher for female students. The program administrator introduced the latter structure with the aim of correcting for the gender disparity in school enrollment in the general program setting. The program increased school enrollment by 30 percentage points in treated villages, for boys and girls. It increased test scores by 0.63 standard deviations in treated villages. The gender-differentiated subsidy structure did not have larger impacts on girls’ enrollment or test scores than the gender-uniform one. Program schools proved more effective in raising test scores than government schools located near the villages, with program-school students scoring 0.16 standard deviations higher, despite coming from more socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds. Estimations of the demand for schooling and education production suggest nearly efficient choices on school inputs by the program administrator and partnering entrepreneurs.
School Quality, Labor Markets and Human Capital Investment
Authors: Yamauchi Futoshi , Liu Yanyan
Published: March 2019

This paper examines the long-term impacts of improved school quality at the elementary school stage on subsequent schooling investments and labor market outcomes using unique data from a recent survey that tracked students in the Philippines. The empirical results, which are based on a comparison of students who graduated from schools located in adjacent treatment and control areas before and after a school intervention, show significant differences in subsequent schooling investments, migration, and labor market earnings between females and males. That is, females study more (relative to males) and tend to migrate and earn more if they receive high-quality educational investments at an early stage. The above results are consistent with females’ greater incentives to study, driven by their higher returns to schooling, especially after high school completion, observed in the labor market.
School Grants and Education Quality
Authors: Carneiro Pedro , Koussihouèdé Oswald , Lahire Nathalie , Meghir Costas , Mommaerts Corina
Published: March 2019

The effect of increasing school resources on educational outcomes is a central issue in the debate on improving school quality. This paper uses a randomized experiment to analyze the impact of a school grants program in Senegal, which allowed schools to apply for funding for improvements of their own choice. The analysis finds positive effects on test scores at lower grades that persist at least two years. These effects are concentrated among schools that focused funds on human resource improvements rather than school materials, suggesting that teachers and principals may be a central determinant of school quality.
The Permanent Input Hypothesis
Authors: Sabarwal Shwetlena , Evans David K. , Marshak Anastasia
Published: March 2019

A textbook provision program in Sierra Leone demonstrates how volatility in the flow of government-provided learning inputs to schools can induce storage of these inputs by school administrators to smooth future consumption. This process in turn leads to low current utilization of inputs for student learning. A randomized trial of a public program providing textbooks to primary schools had modest positive impacts on teacher behavior but no impacts on student performance. In many treatment schools, student access to textbooks did not actually increase because a large majority of the books were stored rather than distributed to students. At the same time, the propensity to save books was positively correlated with uncertainty on the part of head teachers regarding government transfers of books. The evidence suggests that schools that have high uncertainty with respect to future transfers are more likely to store a high proportion of current transfers. These results show that reducing uncertainty in school input flows could result in higher current input use for student learning. For effective program design, public policy programs must take forwardlooking behavior among intermediate actors into account.
Do Different Types of Assets Have Differential
Effects on Child Education?
Authors: Kafle Kashi , Jolliffe Dean , Winter-Nelson Alex
Published: March 2019

To assess the conventional view that assets
uniformly improve childhood development through wealth effects, this paper tests
whether different types of assets have different effects on child education. The
analysis indicates that household durables and housing quality have the expected
positive effects, but agricultural assets have adverse effects on highest grade
completed and no effects on exam performance. Extending the standard
agricultural-household model by explicitly including child labor, the study uses
three waves of panel data from Tanzania to estimate the effects of household assets
on child education. The analysis corrects for the endogeneity of assets and uses a
Hausman-Taylor instrumental variable panel data estimator to identify the effects of
time-invariant observables and more efficiently control for time-invariant
unobservables. The negative effect of agricultural assets is more pronounced among
rural children and children from farming households, presumably due to the higher
opportunity cost of their schooling.
An Introduction to the Foundation Phase
Authors: Thomas Amanda , Lewis Alyson
Published: March 2019

An Introduction to the Foundation Phase provides a practical guide to understanding and implementing the Foundation Phase in any early years setting in Wales. The experienced author team discuss and reflect upon a play based approach to learning and the importance of collaboration between various members in any early years settings.

Students are introduced to key topics including: key theories of influential thinkers within early years education, both past and present; international curricula and perspectives on play and how Welsh curriculum compares; effective classroom practice; observational techniques; methods of assessment and how to be a reflective practitioner.
Critical Fashion Practice
Authors: Geczy Adam , Karaminas Vicki
Published: March 2019

There is a new form of design practice within the contemporary fashion industry which is active in complex forms of social commentary and critique. While fashion in the modernist era has shown signs of criticism and subversion, these were either in the form of subcultures or perversions, such as punk or BDSM styling. Today, however, these genres have been absorbed into the fashion industry itself, meaning that “critical fashion” is now far from limited to the subcultures from which it came. This book explores this new space for criticism within the popular fashion sphere to demonstrate how designers are disrupting conventions, challenging beliefs, and stirring change from within the system itself.

Critical Fashion Practice considers a range of contemporary designers across the globe, from the US to Japan, whose conceptual designs embody this critical language, including case studies such as Rei Kawakubo’s deconstructive silhouettes for Comme des Garçons and Walter Van Beirendonck’s sadomasochistic menswear collections, amongst other key players such as Miuccia Prada, Vivienne Westwood and Viktor & Rolf. Arguing that the rise of critical fashion coincides with a noticeable decline in the criticality of art, Geczy and Karaminas go beyond slotting fashion into previously established art theories. Conceiving a new cultural role for fashion that affords insight into identity, class, race, sexuality, and gender, this book shows how fashion can not only reflect and comment on, but can also be a part of social change.
Fashion and Everyday Life
Authors: Buckley Cheryl , Clark Hazel
Published: March 2019

Taking cultural theorist Michel de Certeau’s notion of ‘the everyday’ as a critical starting point, this book considers how fashion shapes and is shaped by everyday life. Looking historically for the imprint of fashion within everyday routines such as going to work or shopping, or in leisure activities like dancing, the book identifies the ‘fashion system of the ordinary’, in which clothing has a distinct role in the making of self and identity.

Exploring the period from 1890 to 2010, the study is located in London and New York, cities that emerged as socially, ethnically and culturally diverse, as well as increasingly fashionable. The book re-focuses fashion discourse away from well-trodden, power-laden dynamics, towards a re-evaluation of time, memory and above all history, and their relationship to fashion and everyday life. The importance of place and space - and issues of gender, race and social class - provides the broader framework, revealing fashion as both routine and exceptional, and as an increasingly significant part of urban life.

By focusing on key themes such as clothing the city, what is worn on the streets, the imagining and performing of multiple identities by dressing up and down, going out and showing off, Fashion and Everyday Life makes a unique contribution to the literature of fashion studies, fashion history, cultural studies and beyond.
The History of Fashion Journalism
Authors: Nelson Best Kate
Published: March 2019

The History of Fashion Journalism is a uniquely comprehensive study of the development of the industry from its origins to the present day, and including professionals’ such as Dylan Jones’s vision of the future. Covering everything from early tailor's catalogues through to contemporary publications such as LOVE, together with blogs such as StyleBubble, and countries from France through to the United States, The History of Fashion Journalism explores the origins and influence of such well-known magazines as Nova, Vogue and Glamour.

Combining an overview of the key moments in fashion journalism history with close textual analysis, Kate Nelson Best brings to life the evolving face of the fashion media and its relationship with the fashion industry, national politics, consumer culture and gender. This accessible and highly engaging book will be an invaluable resource not only for fashion studies students but also for those in media studies and cultural studies.
The Geographies of Fashion
Authors: Crewe Louise
Published: March 2019

Clothes are inherently geographical objects, yet few of us consider the social and economic significance of their journey from design to production to consumption. The Geographies of Fashion is the first in-depth study of fashion economies from a geographer’s perspective, exploring the complex relationship between our attachment to the clothes we own, love, and desire, and their geographic and economic ties.

How far does a garment physically travel from factory to wardrobe? How do clothes come to have social or economic value and who or what creates it? What are the geographies of fashion and how do they interact with one another? This ground-breaking book powerfully reframes fashion spaces, from the body to the city, digital or virtual space to material production, positioning fashion at the centre of contemporary culture and collective identities.

Combining contemporary theoretical approaches with a cutting-edge analysis of international fashion brands and institutions including Maison Martin Margiela, Zara, Louis Vuitton, ASOS, and Savile Row, The Geographies of Fashion is essential reading for students of fashion, geography, and related disciplines including sociology, architecture, and design.
Characterization of aerosol properties at Cyprus, focusing on cloud
condensation nuclei and ice nucleating particles
Authors: Gong Xianda , Wex Heike , Müller Thomas , Wiedensohler Alfred , Höhler Kristina , Kandler Konrad , Ma Nan , Dietel Barbara , Schiebel Thea , Möhler Ottmar , Stratmann Frank
Published: March 2019

Abstract. As part of the A-LIFE (Absorbing aerosol layers in a changing climate: aging, lifetime and dynamics) campaign, ground-based measurements were carried out in Paphos, Cyprus, for characterizing the abundance, properties and sources of aerosol particles in general, and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and ice nucleating particles (INP), in particular. New particle formation (NPF) events with subsequent growth of the particles into the CCN size range were observed. Aitken mode particles featured κ values of 0.21 to 0.29, indicating the presence of organic materials. Accumulation mode particles featured a higher hygroscopicity parameter, with a median κ value of 0.57, suggesting the presence of sulfate. A clear downward trend of κ with increasing supersaturation and decreasing dcrit was found. Super-micron particles originated mainly from sea spray aerosol (SSA) and partly from mineral dust. INP concentrations (NINP) were measured in the temperature range from −6.5 to −26.5 ℃, using two freezing array type instruments. NINP at a particular temperature span around 1 order of magnitude below −20 ℃, and about 2 orders of magnitude at warmer temperatures (T > −18 ℃). Few samples showed elevated concentrations at temperatures > −15 ℃, which suggests a significant contribution of biological particles to the INP population, which possibly could originate from Cyprus. Both measured temperature spectra and NINP probability density functions (PDFs) indicate that the observed INP (ice active in the temperature range between −15 and −20 ℃) mainly originate from long-range transport. There was no correlation between NINP and particle number concentration in the size range > 500 nm (N> 500 nm). Parameterizations based on N> 500 nm were found to overestimate NINP by about 1 to 2 orders of magnitude. There was also no correlation between NINP and particle surface area concentration. The ice active surface site density (ns) for the anthropogenically polluted aerosol encountered in this study is about 1 to 3 orders of magnitude lower than the ns found for dust aerosol particles in previous studies. This suggests that observed NINP-PDFs as those derived here could be a better choice for modelling NINP if the aerosol particle composition is unknown or uncertain.
Carbon Flux Explorer optical assessment of C, N and P fluxes
Authors: Bourne Hannah L. , Bishop James K. B. , Wood Todd J. , Loew Timothy J. , Liu Yizhuang
Published: March 2019

Abstract. The magnitude and controls of particulate carbon exported from surface waters
and its remineralization at depth are poorly constrained. The Carbon Flux
Explorer (CFE), a Lagrangian float-deployed imaging sediment trap, has been
designed to optically measure the hourly variations of particle flux to
kilometer depths for months to seasons while relaying data in near-real time
to shore via satellite without attending ships. The main optical proxy for
particle load recorded by the CFE, volume attenuance (VA; units of
mATN cm2), while rigorously defined and highly precise, has not been
robustly calibrated in terms of particulate organic carbon (POC), nitrogen
(PN) and phosphorus (PP). In this study, a novel 3-D-printed particle sampler
using cutting edge additive manufacturing was developed and integrated with
the CFE. Two such modified floats (CFE-Cals) were deployed a total of
15 times for 18–24 h periods to gain calibration imagery and samples at
depths near 150 m in four contrasting productivity environments during the
June 2017 California Current Ecosystem Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER)
process study. Regression slopes for VA : POC and VA : PN (units
mATN cm2: mmol; R2, n, p value in parentheses) were
1.01×104 (0.86, 12, < 0.001) and 1.01×105
(0.86, 15, < 0.001), respectively, and were not sensitive to
particle size classes or the contrasting environments encountered. PP was not
well correlated with VA, reflecting the high lability of P relative to C and
N. The volume attenuance flux (VAF) to POC flux calibration is compared to
previous estimates.
Drought risk in the Bolivian Altiplano associated with El Niño
Southern Oscillation using satellite imagery data
Authors: Canedo-Rosso Claudia , Hochrainer-Stigler Stefan , Pflug Georg , Condori Bruno , Berndtsson Ronny
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Drought is a major natural hazard in the Bolivian Altiplano that causes large losses to farmers, especially during positive ENSO phases. However, empirical data for drought risk estimation purposes are scarce and spatially uneven distributed. Due to these limitations, similar to many other regions in the world, we tested the performance of satellite imagery data for providing precipitation and temperature data. The results show that droughts can be better predicted using a combination of satellite imagery and ground-based available data. Consequently, the satellite climate data were associated with the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in order to evaluate the crop production variability. Moreover, NDVI was used to target specific drought hotspot regions. Furthermore, during positive ENSO phase (El Niño years), a significant decrease in crop yields can be expected and we indicate areas where losses will be most pronounced. The results can be used for emergency response operations and enable a pro-active approach to disaster risk management against droughts. This includes economic-related and risk reduction strategies such as insurance and irrigation.
A GEOPOLÍTICA DO GARIMPO DO LOURENÇO, NORTE DO AMAPÁ: TRAJETÓRIA, CONTRADIÇÕES E INSUSTENTABILIDADE
Authors: Chagas Marco Antonio
Published: March 2019

O Garimpo do Lourenço, no Norte do estado do Amapá, constitui uma das mais antigas frentes de garimpagem ativa no Brasil. A extração de ouro é liderada por uma cooperativa de garimpeiros em precárias condições de trabalho e cuidados ambientais. O garimpo encontra-se envolto por um conjunto de áreas protegidas e pesquisas recentes indicaram altos níveis de mercúrio nos peixes dos rios da região. Em tempo pretérito, o Governo do Amapá e o Ministério Público Federal mediaram ações para legalizar a atividade e transformar o Lourenço num polo de mineração artesanal sustentável. Referidas ações não aconteceram, mas deixaram lições que foram anuladas ou desconsideradas pelo Estado racionalista quando do estabelecimento de acordos bilaterais Brasil-França para combate de atividades de garimpo ilegal na fronteira. O presente artigo resgata a geopolítica do Garimpo do Lourenço e apresenta os principais conflitos socioambientais, assente na revisão da literatura, em entrevistas e em visitas técnicas à região garimpeira. Conclui-se pela insustentabilidade da atividade garimpeira diante do contexto territorial preservacionista e da complexidade das ações de regulação e de ordenamento ambiental.
OS CATÓLICOS DA REVISTA IDADE NOVA
Authors: Monteiro Lorena
Published: March 2019

Os estudos sobre o ressurgimento católico no Brasil centraram-se na ação dos intelectuais da Revista A Ordem. Logo, esses estudos não privilegiaram os movimentos intelectuais regionais, como o caso do Rio Grande do Sul. Com essa orientação este artigo demonstra as especificidades do grupo da Revista Idade Nova, uma espécie de A Ordem no nível regional, suas bases sociais, trajetos escolares e os espaços que tiveram influência na sociedade gaúcha. Argumenta-se que o grupo desta revista formou-se na mesma tradição escolar e religiosa o que os distingue dos intelectuais ligados ao Centro Dom Vital. Através de dados biográficos e dos artigos desta revista analisaram-se os repertórios intelectuais embasados pelas correntes neotomistas e inferiu-se que se dirigiram contra tudo o que não convergissem com o projeto católico nas esferas sociais, não apenas o positivismo e o comunismo.
O DESENVOLVIMENTO DA COMPETÊNCIA INTERCULTURAL EM PROFESSORES EM FORMAÇÃO
Authors: DUTRA Anelise Fonseca , PENNA Sílvia Maria de Oliveira
Published: March 2019

A universidade em que foi feita esta pesquisa desenvolve um programa de português para estrangeiros cujas aulas são ministradas por professores em formação. Foi percebido que esses professores não tinham o conhecimento sobre interculturalidade. Decidiu-se iniciar uma pesquisa cujo objetivo era investigar de que maneira uma formação teórica e prática, baseada em uma abordagem intercultural, poderia influenciar as decisões tomadas na preparação das unidades didáticas. Esse trabalho foi baseado no modelo teórico de Byram (1997). Os resultados obtidos demonstram que os professores iniciantes aprenderam a trabalhar com a abordagem intercultural, desenvolveram uma consciência crítica e maior respeito em relação à própria cultura e à alheia.
O MOODLE NA GRADUAÇÃO E NA EXTENSÃO: RELATO DE EXPERIENCIA
Authors: AGUIRRE Cecilia , CABRAL Jadirlete
Published: March 2019

O presente trabalho, de cunho qualitativo descritivo, objetiva avaliar a aplicação pedagógica do Moodle em disciplinas de graduação e na extensão de Letras/UFBA. Mediante as ferramentas diário e pesquisa de avaliação, oferecidas pelo ambiente, tivemos acesso aos depoimentos dos participantes, constituindo assim o corpus que permitiu avaliar o aproveitamento das atividades digitais e tecer algumas reflexões quanto a inserção de novas tecnologias nas aulas de graduação e na formação de professores. Os resultados preliminares apontam para a necessidade de formação de professores no uso educativo das novas tecnologias e para a conscientização dos estudantes sobre seu papel na própria formação. Esperamos que este artigo motive outras pesquisas quanto ao uso de novas tecnologias digitais de comunicação e informação no ensino superior. Como referencial teórico sobre tecnologias, letramento digital e ambiente virtual fundamentamos nossa argumentação no pensamento de Rojo (2013), Lins & Souza, (2016), Coscarelli (2016), Alves (2009), Cortelazzo (2009).
SE CUIDA! PROJETO DE PREVENÇÃO EM DST COMO FERRAMENTA NO ENSINO DA BIOLOGIA
Authors: Pinto Jaqueline Miranda , Bertochi Natasha , Garnero Analía
Published: March 2019

O câncer do colo do útero é uma doença sexualmente transmissível (DST) devido à existência do vírus do papiloma humano (HPV). Baseado nisso, foram realizadas distribuição de material informativo e palestras aos estudantes do ensino médio de escola pública de São Gabriel/RS. Informamos que as fases precursoras da doença podem ser identificadas mediante a realização de um exame preventivo gratuito, disponível na rede pública de saúde, e incentivamos os alunos a atuarem como multiplicadores de informação. Foi elaborado um questionário (515 respondentes) para coleta de dados relativos a realização periódica ou não do exame Papanicolaou, que foi aplicado pelos estudantes, após orientação, para as mulheres com as quais convivem. Após a análise dos resultados, constatou-se que metade das mulheres adultas de 20-29 anos costuma realizar exames periódicos. E apesar de muitas, acima de 30 anos, terem esta preocupação, ainda não tem o hábito de realizar preventivo, por falta de conscientização.
A INCLUSÃO DE ALUNOS COM DEFICIÊNCIA NA REDE PÚBLICA DE ENSINO: UM OLHAR SOBRE O ENSINO DE QUÍMICA
Authors: Vieira da Silva Wéberton Henrique , Da Costa Soares Joceline Maria , Gonçalves Elisabete Alerico
Published: March 2019

Pensar em inclusão é tratar do aluno que está inserido na escola. Com esta visão, a objetiva-se mostrar o processo de inclusão dos alunos com NEE do Ensino Médio, bem como a formação dos professores que ministram a disciplina de Química nas Escolas Públicas dos municípios de Ipameri e Pires do Rio, Goiás. Participaram da pesquisa, 21 (vinte e um) profissionais que ocupam funções de coordenadores, professores de apoio e professores regentes, bem como 11 (onze) alunos com deficiências: Intelectual, Auditiva e Visual. Como metodologia, foi adotada a pesquisa qualitativa e descritiva. Como procedimentos foram utilizados: Termos de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE), questionários, análise de currículos, observação e relatos de experiência. A partir dos dados obtidos verificou-se que a inclusão nas aulas de química, não sobrevém totalmente, ficando em grande parte, como atribuição do professor de apoio. A partir das analogias foi possível ver a dicotomia entre a Legislação, a formação e a prática dos professores de química. a grande maioria não se considera preparados para trabalhar com as deficiências, fatores estes, que intervêm na qualidade e na inclusão desses alunos no processo de ensino e aprendizagem de química.
IDENTIDADE E PERFIL DOS PROFESSORES UNIVERSITÁRIOS: REFLEXOS E INFLUÊNCIAS NA DOCÊNCIA E NA FORMAÇÃO ACADÊMICA
Authors: Marques Mundim Joice Silva , Resende Pereira Giselle Moraes , De Oliveira Guilherme Saramago
Published: March 2019

Esta pesquisa tem como foco principal a docência universitária, com ênfase na identidade e perfil dos professores, e também, a formação acadêmica. O objetivo deste artigo é investigar, analisar e discutir sobre a identidade e perfil dos professores do Ensino Superior, abordando o significado e finalidade da docência para a formação acadêmica. Visto que a identidade e o perfil dos professores universitários influenciam no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, na construção de conhecimentos e na formação dos sujeitos, foi aplicado um questionário para dezoito professores que ministram aulas no curso de Agronomia da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Campus Monte Carmelo, em que permitiu construir uma discussão acerca da docência universitária, a partir de diversos aspectos relacionados com o ensino e a formação. Nesse sentido, foi possível destacar pontos pertinentes deste assunto, a partir dos discursos dos professores colaboradores da pesquisa, construindo reflexões para a área de conhecimento em questão.
NEGATIVIDAD Y EXTERIORIDAD: PRINCIPIOS EXPLICATIVOS DE LA EDUCACIÓN INCLUSIVA
Authors: González Aldo Ocampo
Published: March 2019

La Educación Inclusiva es un acto performativo, constituye un espacio significativo para el cambio, la invención, el esparcimiento y la creación de otros mundos y modalidades de educación. Es ante todo un acontecimiento –lugar de imaginación de futuros posibles–, es una estrategia de creación de lo posible. En un primer momento, se analiza el principio de exterioridad que fundamenta la configuración de la estructura teórica de la Educación Inclusiva, a partir de relaciones de unión-desunión de diversa naturaleza. Posteriormente, se explora la fertilidad del principio de negatividad concebido como máxima filosófica consagra un espíritu cuestionador, orienta su propósito hacia la trasformación de lo dado. El principio de negatividad se convierte así, en talante de transformación educativa. El trabajo concluye identificando los usos epistemológicos y ontológicos derivados de la categoría ‘inclusiva’. La Educación inclusiva configura un dispositivo heurístico de naturaleza performativa. Sus fundamentos teóricos intervienen en la realidad, se convierten en tecnologías escultóricas para la creación de otros mundos. La performatividad de su discurso no se alcanza con la mera enunciación del adjetivo ‘inclusivo’, sino a través del tipo de compromiso ético y político que en ella tienen lugar, siempre y cuando, éstos, se encuentren estrechamente vinculados a un compromiso social particular.
Palabras clave: educación inclusiva, principios explicativos, exterioridad, negatividad, creación de lo posible.
Study on the Adaptation of Superior and Local Upland Rice Varieties (Oriza sativa) in Dry Climate of West Southeast Moluccas Border Region of Country
Authors: Kaihatu Sheny S. , Wahid Wahid , Waas Edwen D. , Sirappa Marthen P.
Published: March 2019

This study on the adaptation of superior and local upland rice on dry climate was carried out from July to October 2017 at the West Southeast Moluccas Main Seed Center involving 15 members of the Webat Farmer Groups. The aim of this study was to obtain adaptive superior and local varieties that could potentially be developed in dry climates (dry land) in the region. Field assessments were done usinged a Randomized Block Design with eight treatments (superior and local varieties of upland rice) and repeated three times. The five superior varieties assessed were Towuti, Inpago 8, Inpago 9, Inpago 10, and Inpago 11 and the three local varieties used were Red Tanimbar, White Tanimbar, and Black Tanimbar. The results of the study showed that the average productivity of superior new varieties of upland rice higher yields (2.03 t ha-1) compared to local varieties (1.24 t ha-1), revealing a yield increase of 63.71 %. Results suggest that there are five varieties of upland rice that have potential to be developed in the West Southeast Moluccas Border Region, namely Inpago 9, Inpago 10, and Inpago 11 (superior new varieties), and Red Tanimbar and White Tanimbar (local varieties). However, the yields obtained in this assessment are still low because the number of productive tillers is also low. This could be due to low plant density caused by the very small number of seeds used per planting hole, and the effect of legowo 2: 1 planting system with a very wide.
GESTÃO DO FIM DE VIDA DE MÓDULOS FOTOVOLTAICOS
Authors: Miranda Rosana Teixeira , Leandro Francielle Da Silva , Silva Tatiane Caetano
Published: March 2019

A inclusão da energia solar fotovoltaica na matriz energética é vista com uma ação positiva em substituição às fontes fósseis. Contudo, a promoção desta fonte de energia deve ser analisada pensando nos impactos ambientais que os sistemas fotovoltaicos trarão quando alcançarem o término de sua vida útil. Com a expectativa de vida útil entre 25 e 30 anos, nos próximos anos é esperado que grande quantidade de módulos seja descartada. No Brasil, os módulos se enquadram hoje como lixo eletrônico. O descarte e a disposição desses resíduos em aterros podem se tornar um sério problema. A correta gestão do fim de vida reduziria o impacto ambiental, além de possibilitar a recuperação de matéria primas importante que podem retornar ao ciclo produtivo de novos sistemas. Este artigo abordará como alguns países e o Brasil estão se preparando para lidar com este problema e apresentará também algumas regulamentações já em andamento para tratativas em relação à gestão do fim da vida útil dos módulos fotovoltaicos. Palavras chave: energia renovável, reciclagem, resíduo eletrônico.
Produção de enzimas CMCase e pectinase por processo fermentativo utilizando casca de café suplementada com manipueira como substrato
Authors: Bonfim Rêgo Angra Paula , Barbosa Cunha Joice Raísa , Souza Santos Roberta , Do Val de Assis Fábia Giovana , Lopes Leal Patrícia
Published: March 2019

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a produção de CMCase e pectinase por uma linhagem de Aspergillus spp. (LEMI 15) cultivada sob fermentação estado sólido em casca de café suplementada com manipueira (resíduo proveniente da prensagem da massa de mandioca para produção de farinha), ao longo de 72 horas. O efeito da proporção entre os substratos (70 e 90% casca de café: manipueira; p:v), pH (5 e 6) e temperatura (30 e 35°C) sobre a produção das enzimas também foi avaliado. Os resultados indicaram que o isolado fúngico foi hábil em produzir todas as enzimas avaliadas, independente dos tratamentos. Nenhum efeito significativo das variáveis ambientais foi verificado. Maior atividade enzimática foi registrada nas primeiras 24 horas de fermentação (3,0 e 3,93 U.mL-1 para CMCase e pectinase, respectivamente). O tempo de fermentação influenciou a atividade de todas as enzimas, sendo verificada a redução da atividade enzimática, ao final de 72 horas do processo fermentativo.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DE PROGRAMA PARA SIMULAÇÕES DO DIMENSIONAMENTO DE SISTEMAS FOTOVOLTAICOS PARA OS MUNICÍPIOS DO BRASIL
Authors: De Miranda Ana Luíza Giacon , Santesso Caroline Antonelli , Garcia Marcelo Loureiro , De Moraes Clauciana Schmidt Bueno
Published: March 2019

Devido a crescente utilização de eletricidade pela sociedade moderna, faz-se necessário aumentar a sua produção para atender toda a demanda populacional. Considerando-se a redução da emissão dos gases causadores de efeito estufa e da dependência de combustíveis fósseis, fontes de energia renováveis, menos poluentes, têm sido cada vez mais investigadas e aplicadas. Os módulos fotovoltaicos têm se destacado em razão da natureza da energia solar, abundante, ubíqua, renovável e gratuita. Neste trabalho foi desenvolvido um programa no Excel® utilizando a linguagem de programação Visual Basic for Application (VBA) denominado Energia Solar, cujo modelo considera a insolação local e consumo energético específico para simular a implantação de sistemas fotovoltaicos em diferentes cenários, sendo os dados de saída a quantidade de módulos solares necessários, a área requerida, a economia anual, a redução de dióxido de carbono e tempo de retorno do investimento. Uma simulação foi realizada para o município de Rio Claro (SP, Brasil), na qual toda a demanda energética da cidade seria suprida pela instalação de sistemas fotovoltaicos. Menores porcentuais oriundos da energia solar e análises pontuais com base em residências e bairros podem ser considerados para a simulação. Os resultados para o estudo de uma residência unifamiliar, no mesmo município, indicaram um investimento de R$ 29.538,50, economia anual de R$ 5282,30, tempo de retorno de 5,6 anos e redução de emissão de CO2 de 0,00263 toneladas por dia. Dessa forma, esta ferramenta permite uma avaliação rápida e simplificada, auxiliando as tomadas de decisões pelos proprietários de imóveis e gestores de municípios que visam à ampliação de fontes renováveis em matrizes energéticas.
COMPARATIVO DE CUSTOS DA ALTERAÇÃO DE UM SISTEMA FOTOVOLTAICO ISOLADO PARA FOTOVOLTAICO INTERLIGADO À REDE DA CONCESSIONÁRIA – ESTUDO DE CASO
Authors: Teleken Joel Gustavo , Dieter Jonathan , Graff Marcio Ricardo , Ramoni Maurício
Published: March 2019

A energia elétrica pode ser gerada da conversão direta da radiação solar através de placas produzidas com materiais fotossensíveis, que possuem a característica de conversão de energia solar em energia elétrica através do efeito fotovoltaico. Parte da iluminação externa do Setor Palotina, da Universidade Federal do Paraná, é fornecida por sistemas fotovoltaicos isolados (SFI’s). Os atuais sistemas apresentam funcionamento insatisfatório e altos custos de manutenção, por esses motivos foi elaborado este estudo de caso, para analisar a viabilidade econômica e técnica de se alterar os atuais SFI’s em um sistema fotovoltaico conectado à rede (SFCR). Foram levantados os custos para a alteração dos SFI’s em SFCR, assim como a manutenção dos dois sistemas. Com os resultados obtidos, foi possível fazer uma análise dos custos unitários da energia elétrica gerada pelos dois sistemas de energia fotovoltaica e compará-los com as tarifas da energia da concessionária. Como resultado, verificou-se que a substituição dos atuais SFI’s em SFCR é tecnicamente possível e as estimativas apontam retorno de investimento em 9 anos. Caso a instituição não invista na transformação acima apontada, desconectar as luminárias dos atuais SFI’s e conectá-las na rede elétrica da concessionária, também se apresentou como uma alternativa mais econômica aos cofres públicos.
ANÁLISE MULTICRITÉRIO PARA SELEÇÃO DE FONTES RENOVÁVEIS DE ENERGIA EM UM DOMICÍLIO URBANO NO MUNICÍPIO DE CAMPOS DOS GOYTACAZES/ RJ
Authors: Rosa Mendes Luiz Fernando , Moreira Peixoto Pereira Helisa , Silva Sthel Marcelo
Published: March 2019

Dada atual crise hídrica e energética brasileira que vem contribuindo para o aumento das tarifas de eletricidade e a intensificação das emissões de gases efeito estufa (GEE), a utilização da geração distribuída (GD) por meio de fontes renováveis de energia (FRE) nos domicílios torna-se uma alternativa interessante para o cidadão. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho tem o objetivo de selecionar a melhor FRE para GD em domicílio situado na zona urbana do município de Campos dos Goytacazes/RJ a partir de análise multicritério, considerando para a tomada de decisão aspectos quantitativos e qualitativos. Para isso, utilizou-se Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) para a tomada de decisão tendo como ferramenta de apoio o software IPÊ versão 1.0. Então, o problema foi formulado com duas alternativas (energia solar fotovoltaica e energia eólica) e os critérios considerados foram: econômico com subcritérios aquisição de equipamentos e manutenção; técnico com subcritérios de produção de energia, vida útil e espaço físico; ambiental com subcritérios de emissão de CO2 e potencial energético; e social com os subcritérios preferência e criação de empregos. O julgamento ficou realizado por especialistas de energia. E após análise foi concluído que a energia solar fotovoltaica era a melhor solução para o domicílio em questão, tendo o decisor (dono da residência) posteriormente instalado o sistema proposto pela análise multicritério.
Hephaestus the Hobbling Humorist: The Club-Footed God in the History of Early Greek Comedy
Authors: Hall Edith
Published: March 2019

This article argues that Hephaestus, the only physically disabled Olympian deity, occupies an important position in the history of comedy and the Greek tradition of laughter. From the Homeric epics to fourth-century comedy and vase-painting, Hephaestus is consistently to be found in cultural contexts which explore the instrumentality of laughter in domestic and social relationships, rituals and entertainments. The article proposes that the structure of the mythical narrative of the Return of Hephaestus, with its estrangement of the protagonist from his community, riotous reconciliation, and komastic procession, underlies several Old Comedies. It also suggests that his banausic profession and deformity helped to make him particularly popular in cultural artifacts—vases and dramas—produced in Athens in the democratic period because neither his trade nor his appearance would have disqualified him from wielding sovereign power, κράτος, as a citizen there.
Are Animals Persons? Why Ask?
Authors: Beaudry Jonas-Sébastien
Published: March 2019

This article reflects upon the increasingly popular claim that animals are persons. Such a claim can take a metaphysical, a moral, or a legal meaning. Animals may or may not be persons, but I challenge the assumption that it is even fruitful to think about the ways in which animals are “persons.” At best, it is a relatively narrow assimilationist conceptual exercise. At worst, it distracts us from conceptualizing more effective strategies to improve the welfare of animals and impoverishes more promising avenues of philosophical investigation on interspecies relations and on the nature and moral status of both animals and human beings.
Impact of intensive training on health professionals’ self-efficacy in establishing, running and maintaining a cardiac rehabilitation program
Authors: Murphy Barbara M. , Higgins Rosemary O. , Le Grande Michael , Beauchamp Alison , Worcester Marian U. , Goble Alan J. , Jackson Alun C.
Published: March 2019

We developed an intensive five-day training program for health professionals working in cardiac rehabilitation (CR). The training covers topics related to establishing, running, maintaining and evaluating a CR program. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the training on health professionals’ self-efficacy regarding the effective delivery of CR. From 2014 to 2018, 167 health professionals participated in one of five training programs. Participants completed a 28-item pre- and post-training self-efficacy scale. For a sub-group, self-efficacy was re-assessed 4 months later. Factor analysis was used to identify self-efficacy domains. Paired sample t-tests compared pre- and post-training self-efficacy scores; repeated measures analysis of variance investigated change over the three time points. Variations in self-efficacy across profession, role in CR, and years of CR practice were investigated. Factor analysis identified three domains: Operational aspects of CR; Medical aspects of heart disease; and Psychosocial aspects of CR. Health professionals’ self-efficacy increased significantly after training participation, across the three domains and for the total score. Effects were sustained in the 4-month follow-up. Few variations in self-efficacy trajectories by participant characteristics were identified. The study demonstrates that our health professional CR training significantly improves health professionals’ confidence in a range of areas related to establishing, running, maintaining and evaluating a CR program, with immediate improvements sustained four months later. The pattern of findings was largely consistent regardless of participants’ role and experience in CR. Findings highlight the benefits of this relatively brief intensive program on enhancing the capacity of the CR workforce.
Determining Gender and Age by Mandibular Anatomy Landmarks in Computed Tomography with Cone-Beam (CBCT)
Authors: Shams Nasim , Razavi Mahshid , Mehrabi Azar , Salehin Sina , Sarikhani Parisa
Published: March 2019

Introduction: this study aimed at determining gender and age by mandibular anatomy landmarks in computed tomography with Cone-Beam (CBCT).

Methodology: this cross sectional study was performed on 147 CBCT images available in archive of radiology in the dentistry department of Ahvaz Jondi Shapoor medical science university. In this research, we assessed parameters including SMEF: Distance from mental foramen to the highest point of alveolar crest ridge, BIAC: distance from lowest point of IAC to the most anterior tangent point of buccal mandibular plate, LIAC: distance from the lowest IAC point to the most posterior tangent point o mandibular lingual plate, IMEF: distance from the lowest mental hole border to the lowest tangent point on inferior mandibular border, D2: distance from the lowest IAC canal border to the lowest tangent point on inferior mandibular border and gonial angle: junction of inferior mandibular border and posterior ramus border. Data were analysed by SPSS software 20th version and Spearman correlation coefficient tests, one-way variance analysis, Kruskal-Wallis, independent t, and Uman Withney.

Results: SMEF level was significantly different in groups and in 25-34 group it was significantly higher than under 25 group. In right side it was significantly higher than female. IMEF had no significant difference in age groups and in both side it was higher in male than female. BIAC in both sides had no significant difference. LIAC in both sides an in different ages had no significant difference in male and female. D2 had no significant difference in both sides. But in a group with patients older than 55 it was significantly higher than 45-54 group. In addition, in left side it was higher in male than female there was no significant difference in gonial angle in different groups in left side with in right side there was significant difference in different age groups. But there was no significant difference in gender.

Conclusion: evaluated indices in this research are not ry accurate to forecast age and gender and they cannot be used as accurate tools in estimating age and gender of people.
What Can We Learn from Correct Answers?
Authors: Ebby Caroline B. , Hulbert Elizabeth T. , Fletcher Nicole
Published: March 2019

Dig deeper into classroom artifacts using research-based learning progressions to enhance your analysis and response to student work, even when most students solve a problem correctly.
Barbed sutures versus conventional tenorrhaphy in flexor tendon repair: An ex vivo biomechanical analysis
Authors: Çolak Özlem , Kankaya Yüksel , Sungur Nezih , Özer Kadri , Gürsoy Koray , Şerbetçi Kemal , Koçer Uğur
Published: March 2019

Background The management of flexor tendon injuries has evolved in recent years through industrial improvements in suture materials, refinements of repair methods, and early rehabilitation protocols. However, there is no consensus on the ideal suture material and technique. This study was conducted to compare the tensile strength, repair time, and characteristics of 4-strand cruciate, modified Kessler, and 4-strand horizontal intrafiber barbed sutures for flexor tenorrhaphy with a 12-mm suture purchase length in an animal model.

Methods The right third deep flexors of 60 adult Leghorn chicken feet were isolated and repaired with a 12-mm suture purchase length. The tendons were randomly assigned to three groups of equal number (n=20 each). Groups 1 and 2 received 4-strand cruciate and modified Kessler repair with conventional suture materials, respectively. A 4-strand horizontal intrafiber barbed suture technique was used in group 3. The repaired tendons were biomechanically tested for tensile strength, 2-mm gap resistance, and mode of failure. Repair times were also recorded.

Results The maximum tensile strength until failure was 44.6±4.3 N in group 1, 35.7±5.2 N in group 2, and 56.7±17.3 N in group 3. The barbed sutures were superior to the other sutures in terms of the load needed for 2-mm gap formation (P<0.05). Furthermore, the barbed sutures showed the shortest repair time (P<0.05).

Conclusions This study found that 4-strand horizontal intrafiber barbed suture repair with a 12-mm purchase length in a chicken flexor tendon injury model showed promising biomechanical properties and took less time to perform than other options.