bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anne ve Babanın Sosyal Medyada Çocukları ile İlgili Paylaşımlarına (Sharenting) İlişkin Hukuki Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: OMURALIEVA Nazira , Güneş Peschke Seldağ , Peschke Lutz
Published: January 2025

Son yıllarda yaygın olarak, anne ve babalar çocuklarının günlük hayatlarını, genellikle hikâyeleştirerek, sosyal medyada paylaşmaktadırlar. 2012 yılından sonra başlayan bu akım, teknolojinin ve iletişim kanallarının gelişmesiyle birlikte çok hızlı bir şekilde ilerlemiştir. İngilizce, “Share” ve “Parents” terimlerinin birleşiminden oluşan “Sharenting” ile anne ve babalar ailelerini veya arkadaşlarını çocuklarının hayatından haberdar etmek için, çocuklarına ait fotoğraf, video, okul bilgisi vb detaylı bilgileri sosyal medya üzerinden farklı platformlarda paylaşmaktadırlar.
Bu paylaşımlardan bir kısmı, çocuklarının yaş günlerini, mezuniyetlerini veya başarılarını kutlamak amacıyla yapılırken, bir kısmı da ticari amaçlarla, sponsorluk anlaşmaları çerçevesinde gerçekleştirilmektedir. Tüm bu durumlarda, çoğunlukla anne ve babalar bu eylemlerinin potansiyel hukuki sonuçlarını bilmemektedirler. Bu paylaşımların bir kısmı çocuğu psikolojik olarak olumsuz etkileyebilmekte ve gelecek yaşamına dahi izler taşıyabilmektedir. Hatta bazı örneklerde, mahkemeler, aşırı paylaşımı çocuğun yüksek yararına aykırı görebilmektedir. Günümüzde, çocukların korunmasına yönelik Birleşmiş Milletler Çocuk Haklarına Dair Sözleşme, Çocuk Haklarının Korunmasına İlişkin Avrupa Konvansiyonu, gibi temel uluslararası düzenlemeler olduğu gibi, her ülkenin de çocukların korunmasına ilişkin kendi mevzuatı bulunmaktadır.
Anayasa ve kanunlarda çocuk özel olarak korunmakla birlikte, veli olmaları nedeniyle, anne ve babalar çocuğun yasal temsilcisi olarak, çocuk adına karar verme ve hukuki işlem yapma yetkisine sahiptir. Bununla birlikte, kendilerine çıkar sağlamak amacıyla, çocuklarının özel hayatlarını yayın yapan veya paylaşımlarda bulunan çok sayıda anne ve baba da bulunmaktadır. Sharenting ile çocuk açısından, hak ihlali yapabilen velinin, aynı zamanda da hakkı ihlal edilen çocuk yerine karar verme yetkisinin olması çelişkili bir durum da yaratmaktadır. Tüm bu durumlarda, çocuğun üstün yararı dikkate alınarak, yapılan paylaşımlar ve yayınlar bu çerçevede değerlendirilmelidir.
Uluslararası ve ulusal hukuki düzenlemelere rağmen, “Sharenting” kavramı günümüzde, halen popülerliğini devam ettirmekte ve bu paylaşımlarda bulunan hesap sahipleri takipçi sayılarını gün geçtikçe artırmaktadırlar.
Bu çalışmada yakın zamanda ortaya çıkan sharenting kavramı iletişimci ve hukukçu bakış açısıyla uygulamadan örneklerle ele alınarak, anne ve babaların çocuk üzerindeki hak ve yükümlülükleri çerçevesinde incelenmiştir.
Otonom Gemilerde Taşıyanın Sorumluluğu
Authors: Akbaba Ömer Can Mehmet , KÖROĞLU ÖLMEZ Belin
Published: January 2025

Gelişen teknolojiyle birlikte, özellikle uluslararası taşımacılık alanında en çok
tercih edilen yöntem olan deniz yoluyla taşıma faaliyetlerinde otonom
gemilerin kullanımında artış söz konusudur. Bilişim sistemleri ve yapay zekâ
programların kullanımı ile kendi kendini yöneten otonom gemiler, gemide
personel ihtiyacının da azalmasına neden olmuştur. Deniz yoluyla eşya taşıma
sözleşmelerinde insan unsuruna bağlı sonuçlar bakımından, personel
olmaksızın seferlerini kendisi yönetebilen otonom gemilerin kendisine özgü
özellikleri göz önünde bulundurularak yeniden bir değerlendirme yapılması
gereklidir. Otonom gemilerin, bilinen anlamda bir gemi olarak kabul edilip
edilmeyeceği de mevcut düzenlemelerin yorumlanması ile tespit edilecektir.
Otonom gemilere yönelik bu nitelik belirlendikten sonra, kendi kendini
yöneten geminin sefer öncesi ve seferi sırasında oluşabilecek farklı senaryolar
sonucu meydana gelen zararlar bakımından sorumluluk rejiminin de gözden
geçirilmesi gerekir. Uluslararası işbirliği sonucu, otonom gemilere yönelik
regülasyon hazırlıkları devam ediyor olmakla birlikte; otonom gemilerin
kendilerine özgü avantajları da dikkate alındığında, yakın gelecekte bu
gemilerin kullanımında artışın yaşanacağı şüphesiz olup ulusal mev
Redesign the Best Model for Lower Link Arm in the MF Tractor by Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Tariq Mahmoud Chliab  , Adelkhani Ali
Published: January 2025

The lower link arm of the tractor is one of the parts that are exposed to heavy static, dynamic, and fatigue loads. If the lower link arm is damaged, the agricultural operations will be stopped and the machinery connected to it will also be damaged. Therefore, it is necessary to design this arm so that it is resistant to various loads. This article redesigns and analyzes the MF Extra 290 tractor's lower link arm in response to plowing power. SolidWorks software was used to design different arm models, and stress was analyzed using Abaqus software. Nine different arm models were designed with three different cross-sectional shapes (Rectangular-Narrow Center) and three volume methods (Straight, Vertical Convex, and Horizontal Convex). The best arm model, according to the results, is an extruded one with a rectangle-shaped, wide center. The safety factor for this model of the arm is 1.82. In all arm models, maximum stress was observed in the hole connecting the lower arm to the hydraulic jack of the tractor.
Nonlocal Modeling of Superelastic Behavior in Thin Plate with Central Hole Shape Memory Alloys Under Mechanical Loads
Authors: Mohammed Saad Qasim
Published: January 2025

Smart metallic materials known as Shape Memory Alloys, or SMAs, have unique deformation attributes, which consist of the shape memory effect as well as superelasticity. In this research, a non-local model of NiTi has been developed to illustrate small-volume SMAs' superelastic behavior. First, an exhaustive overview of the literature was conducted to observe the previous studies on the superelastic behavior of small-volume SMAs and the application of the nonlocal approach in material modeling. Next, a nonlocal model was developed through the Finite Element Method (FEM) to accurately simulate the superelastic effect of small-volume SMAs, accounting for their complicated microstructure and nonlocal effects. The model's accuracy was validated by comparing findings with data from experiments reported in published works. Lastly, the developed nonlocal model is used to study the effects of various parameters, such as the strain rate and the characteristic length scale, on the superelastic behavior of small-volume SMAs. One of the outcomes of this study is introducing a specific finite detail model in the Abaqus R software program, wherein the nonlocal variable works as an extra degree of freedom. This specimen may make the numerical simulation related to the small-volume SMAs' superelastic behavior possible. Additionally, the nonlocal model was validated by comparing its results with data from experiments reported in published works. Moreover, investigating various parameters using the nonlocal model will provide insights into the factors influencing the superelastic behavior of small-volume SMAs under mechanical loads.
A Comparative Design and Analysis of Conventional and Variable Connecting Rod of Engines
Authors: Timur Choban Khidir  , Bilal Mohammed Qasim  , Ahmed Yashar  , Burak Sahin
Published: January 2025

Geometric compression is one of the primary design parameters for internal combustion engines. It is determined by the maximum volume ratio of the combustion chamber between the bottom dead center (BDC) and the minimum size of the combustion chamber in the position of the top dead center (TDC). In this study, a new motor was designed with a variable compression ratio (VCR) to enhance its performance. The comparison between the conventional engine and the turbo variable compression was analyzed using SolidWorks software. The results showed the advantages of VCR due to the change in performance according to changes in the required torque by varying the connecting rod stroke.
Tip Apex Distance As Predictor of Mechanical Complications in Unstable Intertrochanteric Fractures Treated with Proximal Femoral Nails
Authors: Rasheed Muhammad Asif , Chaudhry Muhammad Nadeem , Haseeb Malik Muhammad , Muhammad junaid  , Naz Kashif Ali
Published: January 2025

Objective: To evaluate the significance of Tip Apex Distance (TAD) as a predictor of mechanical complications in unstableintertrochanteric fractures treated with proximal femoral nails and to ascertain a cut-off TAD value for maintaining stableconstructs.Study Design: Cross-sectional analytical study.Place and Duration of Study: Department of Orthopedics, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Oct 2021 toAug 2023.Methodology: We assessed patient records for reduction categorized as per baumgartner’s and Chang’s criteria. Weevaluated post operative radiographs for TAD and loss of reduction. We reviewed radiological follow ups at 3 months and 6months to identify mechanical complications. We determined the statistical significance of TAD (p<0.05) and used receiveroperating characteristic (ROC) curve to find the sensitive and specific cut-off value for TAD regarding mechanicalcomplications.Results: Among 132 patients, 12(9.09%) experienced mechanical complications. The mean age was 76.3±7.98 years, with105 males (79.5%) and 27 females (20.5%). The mean TAD was 24.56±2.76 mm, and the mean calcar gap was 5.16±1.27mm. We found a TAD cut-off of 24.5 mm to be 66.7% sensitive and 51.7% specific for predicting mechanical complications(AUC 0.55). Complications were significant in Cleveland zones: center-center (40.9%), inferior center (49.2%), and inferiorposterior (9.9%) (p<0.001). The mean time to full weight-bearing without support was 21.00±1.22 weeks.Conclusion: Maintaining a TAD of less than 25 mm when using the helical blade of intramedullary fixation devices isrecommended. TAD is not an independent sole predictor of mechanical complications.
Factors Influencing Students' Academic Performance in Secondary Schools in Nomadic Pastoralist Areas: A Case Study of Samburu County
Authors: Lanyasunya Ropilo
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors influencing students' academic performance in public secondary schools within Samburu County, which is largely populated by nomadic pastoralists. The study sought to identify key factors contributing to the consistently low performance of students in the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE) exams in this region. Despite various educational advancements, including free secondary education and increased enrollment, students in Samburu County continue to perform poorly in the KCSE exams. Over a ten-year period, the average KCSE score in Samburu was significantly lower than the national average, with many students struggling to achieve grades above a D+. The study used a descriptive survey design, employing structured questionnaires to collect data from Form IV school leavers and secondary school principals in Samburu County. The study examined environmental, school-related, family-related, and student-related factors affecting academic performance. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics, including mean, frequencies, and p-values. The study found that environmental factors, such as drought and insecurity, significantly impacted students' academic performance. In addition, inadequate learning resources and the absence of academic performance policies in schools were major school-related challenges. Family-related factors, especially the educational level of guardians, also played a crucial role. Student-related factors, such as school attendance, study time input, and lack of post-secondary goals, were identified as core contributors to poor performance. The study concluded that multiple factors, both external and internal to the school environment, contribute to the low academic performance of students in Samburu County. The study recommends a multi-dimensional approach to address these challenges, including improving financial support for students, enhancing learning resources in schools, motivating students through role models, and promoting flexible education delivery models. Additionally, community development initiatives aimed at improving parents' economic capacities are crucial to supporting students' education.
Comparative Literature Today: Notes from the Field
Authors: Fernandes Ângela , Meneghelli Donata , Baetens Jan
Published: January 2025

O sexto número da Compendium é dedicado à reflexão sobre a situação actual, as práticas cambiantes e as visões divergentes sobre o campo dos Estudos Comparatistas no âmbito das Humanidades neste início do século XXI. Considerando a Literatura como o campo criativo que mais cedo testemunhou a consolidação das abordagens comparatistas, este número oferece artigos e recensões críticas que exploram tópicos relevantes e oportunos, desde debates históricos e geográficos às perspectivas feministas ou à cultura cyborg. Adicionalmente, inclui um questionário em que investigadores de diferentes contextos apresentam o seu envolvimento pessoal com o campo, a sua posição relativamente a algumas questões-chave e a sua visão sobre o futuro próximo.
Problematika Hukum Keluarga Kontemporer: Analisis Hukum Positif (UU No. 1 Tahun 1974 dan PP No. 9 Tahun 1975)
Authors: Eva Nur Hopipah  , Abdullah Syafe'i
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
The contemporary family law issues in Indonesia are numerous, especially as we enter an era where everything unfolds rapidly, impacting the stability of the family as the smallest unit in society. Ten issues analyzed in this research include: (1) marriage via teleconference and divorce over the phone, as reviewed under Law No. 1 of 1974 and Government Regulation No. 9 of 1975; (2) legal consequences of interfaith marriages; (3) joint property (gono gini) post-divorce; (4) mut'ah payments for career women; (5) divorce decisions without marriage certificates; (6) domestic violence; (7) the legality of polygamy; (8) clandestine divorces; (9) post-divorce child custody rights; (10) age restrictions on marriage. All are examined in the context of Law No. 1 of 1974 and Government Regulation No. 9 of 1975. The research aims to comprehensively address family law issues within the framework of positive law (Law No. 1 of 1974 and Government Regulation No. 9 of 1975). The research methodology involves literature review, utilizing primary sources such as Law No. 1 of 1974 and Government Regulation No. 9 of 1975, contemporary family law issues, and other sources serving as secondary references to ensure the research's comprehensiveness.
ABSTRAK
Problematika hukum keluarga kontemporer di Indonesia sangatlah banyak, apalagi dewasa ini memasuki era dimana segala hal bergulir dengan cepat yang berpengaruh pula pada stabilitas keluarga sebagai organisasi terkecil di masyarakat. Sepuluh problematika yang dianalisis dalam  penelitian ini, di antaranya, (1) perkawinan melalui teleconference dan perceraian melalui telepon ditinjau dari UU no. 1 tahun 1974 dan PP no. 9 tahun 1975; (2) akibat hukum perkawinan beda agama; (3) harta bersama (gono gini) pasca perceraian; (4) pemberian mut’ah wanita karir; (5) putusan perceraian tanpa akta perkawinan; (6) kekerasan rumah tangga; (7) bagiamana hukum poligami; (8) perceraian di bawah tangan; (9)  hak asuh anak pasca perceraian; (10) pembatasan usia perkawinan. Semuanya ditinjau dari UU no. 1 tahun 1974 dan PP no. 9 tahun 1975. Hasil dari tujuan penelitian ini diharapkan mampu menyelesaikan problematika hukum keluarga secara komprehensif ditinjau dari hukum positif (UU No. 1 tahun 1974 dan PP no. 9 tahun 1975). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kepustakaan dengan sumber primernya adalah UU no. 1 tahun 1974 dan PP no. 9 tahun 1975, problematika hukum keluarga kontemporer, dan sumber lain yang membantu penelitian ini agar komprehensif digunakan sebagai sumber sekunder.
Legal Protection of Children's Rights in Indonesia's Labor System
Authors: Saptaji Aji , Jaenudin Jaenudin , Rofi'atun Nisa Rasyida
Published: January 2025

Children have fundamental rights that must be fulfilled by parents and guaranteed by the state. These rights are even mandated by the United Nations (UN) as part of efforts to protect children. This research raises the issue of protecting the rights of children who are employed underage, especially in the context of regulations that are still not entirely clear regarding child labor. This issue is important because children who work underage often face violations of fundamental rights, exploitation, and lack of access to education and social protection. This research is normative with a legislative approach and legal concept analysis. The research data source uses library materials, which include the 1945 Constitution, Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Labour, ILO Conventions, and Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection. The study was conducted by analyzing laws and regulations related to child labor, identifying the weaknesses of existing rules, and providing legal analysis based on applicable legal concepts. The results show that although there is a legal basis governing child labor, its implementation and supervision are still weak. There is a need for more stringent regulatory updates and increased synergy between relevant agencies to ensure the protection of the rights of children working underage. In addition, a holistic approach is needed to prioritize children's rights, including education, health, and social security, to create an environment free from child exploitation.
High FOXP3+ and Low KI-67 Expression as Risk Factors for Poor Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC)
Authors: Saraswati Reza Indri , Sudarsa I Wayan , Adiputra Putu Anda Tusta
Published: January 2025

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype with limited treatment options and poor prognosis. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is standard for TNBC, though response rates vary widely. This study investigates high FOXP3+ and low Ki-67 expressions as potential predictors of poor NAC response in TNBC. Methods: This case-control study included 70 TNBC patients who received NAC. Based on NAC response, patients were categorized as cases (poor response) or controls (good response) per RECIST 1.1 criteria. FOXP3 and Ki-67 levels were assessed via immunohistochemistry, with FOXP3 classified as high (>2) or low (≤2) and Ki-67 as high (>20%) or low (≤20%). Associations between marker levels and NAC response were analyzed using chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests, with significance at p < 0.05. Results: High FOXP3+ expression was significantly associated with poor NAC response (OR=4.231, p=0.004), indicating a fourfold increased risk. However, low Ki-67 expression was not a significant predictor of NAC response (p=0.710). These findings highlight FOXP3+ as a relevant factor in NAC outcomes, while Ki-67 lacks independent predictive value in TNBC. Conclusion: High FOXP3+ expression is a significant predictor of poor NAC response in TNBC, likely due to its immunosuppressive effects. FOXP3+ could serve as a biomarker for refining NAC strategies in TNBC, while Ki-67 appears less predictive.
Profile of Outpatient HIV Patients at Universitas Airlangga Hospital Surabaya With Good Adherence Levels During One Year of Treatment
Authors: Syaharuddin Aziz , R Brian Eka , W Agung Dwi Wahyu
Published: January 2025

Background: HIV is still a world problem to this day. The program 95-95-95 that the WHO form (95% of people know their HIV status, 95% of people who know their HIV status get the therapy, and 95% of people who get the therapy had their viruses suppressed) to overcome the global HIV cases is still relatively low. In Indonesia, the program only runs about 81-41-19. This shows a low level of therapeutic success. ART accompanied by good adherence is an important factor in succeeding of controlling HIV. Several regions have different tendencies between patient profiles and the adherence of that patient. Objective: This study presents demographic data of patient profiles with good adherence at Universitas Airlangga Hospital in Surabaya, one of the cities with the most HIV in Indonesia. Method: This research is a retrospective study using secondary data from the HIV patient’s medical record taken at Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya. The study shows the distribution database on the patient profile (age, gender, marital status, educational status, employment, HIV staging, and treatment side effect) who underwent ART for at least a year adherently (adherence level of more than or equal to 95%). Result: Among the outpatient population, 107 patients met the sample criteria. Several factors showed a tendency to cluster within specific groups, including age (20–39 years), gender (male), educational level (high school), employment status (employed), HIV staging (stage 1 and stage 3), CD4 cell count (<500 cells/mm³), and the presence or absence of side effects, with a tendency toward patients who did not experience side effects. Additionally, marital status was more prevalent among married patients.
Effectiveness of Diabetogenic Agent Streptozotocin in Inducing Diabetes Mellitus in Experimental Animals: A Literature Review
Authors: Habibi Mohammad Yusuf Maulana , Fatimah Nurmawati
Published: January 2025

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the serious diseases due to its chronicity which can cause complications to various organs. Various animal studies on complications of Diabetes mellitus are needed. Research on animal studies of Diabetes mellitus is very diverse in terms of the studies studied and the variants of diabetogenic agents that induce Diabetes mellitus. Objective: This literature review compares and reviews several studies related to the use of streptozotocin as a diabetogenic agent that induces diabetes mellitus in experimental animals and highlights the effectiveness of streptozotocin in causing the incidence of diabetes mellitus in experimental animals. Method: The method that the researcher used in this study is a non-systematic review that uses database sources from journal publications in ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Result: Streptozotocin is able to effectively cause hyperglycemia and induce diabetes mellitus in experimental animals. In previous studies, it was found that intraperitoneal injection of low-dose streptozotocin is able to maintain a state of hyperglycemia for a long time, making it easier to observe complications of diabetes.
Quality of Life Children with Constipation in Dr. Soetomo Hospital
Authors: Saputra Arif Suryadana , Athiyyah Alpha Fardah , Rachman Brian Eka
Published: January 2025

Background: Constipation is a common gastrointestinal disorder in children, often leading to discomfort, pain, and decreased quality of life. It not only impacts physical health but also affects emotional, social, and school-related functions. Despite available treatments, many children continue to suffer from chronic constipation, which can persist into adolescence. This study aims to assess the quality of life in pediatric patients with constipation at Dr. Soetomo Hospital, using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) to measure the extent of the condition’s impact. Objectives: The primary purpose of this thesis is to assess how constipation affects physical, emotional, social, and academic functioning in children. Additionally, the study seeks to identify correlations between the severity of constipation symptoms and quality of life scores across different age groups and to provide data that can inform improved management strategies. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on pediatric patients aged 2-18 years diagnosed with constipation based on ROME IV criteria at Dr. Soetomo Hospital. Data were collected through the PedsQL questionnaire, which evaluates various domains of quality of life, including physical, emotional, social, and school functioning. A total sampling technique was used, with data gathered over a period from July to September 2024. Results: The overall Quality of Life (QoL) scores for children aged 2-18 years with constipation, as measured by the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL), indicate a significant impact on multiple aspects of their daily lives. The total Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) score across all participants was 65.5, showing a moderate reduction in overall well-being due to constipation. Physical functioning was notably affected, with a mean score of 68. Emotional functioning scored lower, reflecting emotional challenges such as frustration and anxiety, with an average score of 62. Social functioning remained relatively better at 73, suggesting that despite the physical and emotional toll, social interactions were less impacted. However, school functioning was the most affected domain, with an average score of 57, indicating significant disruptions in academic performance and concentration. Conclusion: Constipation has a profound impact on the overall quality of life of pediatric patients, affecting not only their physical health but also their emotional well-being and social and academic performance. Effective management of constipation should therefore incorporate not only medical treatment but also interventions that address these broader aspects to improve the children’s overall well-being. Further research is needed to explore long-term strategies for improving the quality of life in children suffering from chronic constipation.
Pulmonary Abnormalities in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients: A Literature Review
Authors: Prameswari Conia Putri , Awalia Awalia , Hasan Helmia
Published: January 2025

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the body’s own tissues and organs, causing systemic inflammation. SLE has diverse clinical manifestations and can involve various organs of the body, including the lungs. Although the exact prevalence is unknown, pulmonary involvement can occur in 50-70% of SLE patients and shows clinical symptoms in 4-5% of cases. A thorough understanding of the pulmonary manifestations of SLE can help facilitate early diagnosis and prevent the disease from progressing to a serious condition. The existence of knowledge related to pulmonary abnormalities in SLE patients can also be a consideration in making a diagnosis and choosing the right therapy to improve the patient’s quality of life.
Роль здоров’я у формуванні людського капіталу в умовах воєнних викликів
Authors: Pashchenko Yulia , Kucher Anatolii
Published: January 2025

Мета. Мета дослідження полягає у визначенні ролі та стану здоров’я у формуванні людського капіталу на основі бібліометричного аналізу й узагальнення результатів опитування здобувачів вищої освіти аграрного спрямування.
Результати. У цій роботі розглянуто роль здоров’я населення у формуванні людського капіталу як основного ресурсу розвитку економіки. Установлено, що здоров’я є важливим компонентом людського капіталу, визначаючи продуктивність праці, здатність до навчання, соціальну інтеграцію та загальний добробут. Погіршення здоров’я, спричинене воєнними діями й іншими факторами, може мати довгострокові наслідки для суспільства. У результаті опитування студентів Державного біотехнологічного університету (м. Харків, Україна) установлено, що більшість респондентів оцінюють стан власного здоров’я як добрий або відмінний, проте воєнні дії значно впливають на психологічне здоров’я, адже 88 % опитаних відчули його погіршення. Зменшити цей негативний вплив можливо за допомогою комплексного підходу, який включає як негайну допомогу, так і довгострокові програми реабілітації та відновлення. Результати анкетування свідчать, що стан здоров’я респондентів формується під впливом способу життя, своєчасності звернення до медичних закладів та фінансових можливостей, тобто рівня доходу. Одним із ключових інструментів, що сприяють підтримці та покращенню здоров’я, є заняття спортом. Із загальної кількості опитуваних 74 % респондентів займаються фізичною активністю хоча б раз на тиждень.
Наукова новизна. Представлено одну з перших спроб емпірично оцінити роль і стан здоров’я майбутніх фахівців аграрного сектора економіки у формуванні людського капіталу в умовах воєнних викликів, спричинених тривалою російсько-українською війною. Дістали дальшого розвитку ідентифікація та оцінювання факторів активізації оздоровчої діяльності для поліпшення капіталу здоров’я як складової людського капіталу.
Практична цінність. У результаті дослідження визначено групу факторів, що позитивно впливають на здоров’я людей, а отже, дозволяють удосконалити капітал здоров’я як складову людського капіталу; до них відносять активізацію занять спортом, покращення режиму сну, збільшення доходів, позбавлення від шкідливих звичок, що шкодять здоров’ю, та здорове і регулярне харчування. Тому рекомендовано інвестувати час і кошти в зазначені чинники.
INNOVATIVE PATCH ANTENNA DESIGN WITH ENG MATERIALS FOR 5G AND HEALTHCARE APPLICATIONS
Authors:   Mukhametzhan Tynyshbaev ALT University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Kassym Ruslan , Serikov Tansaule ,   2S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, Astana, Kazakhstan, Suimenbayeva Zhanna ,   Mukhametzhan Tynyshbaev ALT University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Tlenshiyeva Akmaral ,   S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, Astana, Kazakhstan
Published: January 2025

This paper introduces a novel microstrip patch antenna utilizing Epsilon-negative (ENG) metamaterials and L-shaped parasitic elements. The antenna achieves dual-band operation by incorporating four vertical metal vias along the patch antenna's boundaries. In patch mode or at the upper frequency band, circular polarization is attained by adding Minkowski fractal edges to the corners of the four-way patch design. The inclusion of L-shaped parasitic patches enhances the bandwidth in both frequency ranges. At the upper and lower resonant frequencies, a 10 dB bandwidth enhancement of 27.84% (2.88 – 3.81 GHz) and 6.11% (2.22 – 2.36 GHz) was achieved, respectively. When applying a 3 dB axial ratio in the upper band, the bandwidth is 5.05% (2.90 – 3.05 GHz). The accuracy of the antenna can be validated by comparing simulation results with experimental measurements. This innovative antenna design offers greater efficiency, lower cost, ease of integration, and provides faster, more reliable communication, making it particularly suitable for healthcare applications and 5G technology.
ARQUITETURA SENSÍVEL PARA OS DISCENTES COM TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA (TEA): UMA ANÁLISE DO AMBIENTE ORGANIZADO E SEU IMPACTO NA APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: Ribeiro Enedina Leite , Leal Débora Araújo
Published: January 2025

O presente tema aborda as ligações entre autismo e espaço construído, temática em plena ascensão no meio científico em todo o mundo. A metodologia adotada foi a pesquisa bibliográfica. Como responsáveis pela criação de ambientes que correspondam às necessidades dos seus usuários, arquitetos em todo o mundo procuram discutir as relações entre as diretrizes arquitetônicas necessárias para a construção de um espaço adaptado às pessoas com TEA. Tendo em vista que o autismo provoca limitações na percepção sensorial do indivíduo e que nossos sentidos, se faz necessária a discussão para o entendimento da influência espacial em pessoas com autismo e de como se pode oferecer ambientes mais amigáveis às suas necessidades sensoriais. Apesar das evidências da importância do ambiente para o aprendizado de pessoas autistas, a lei não orienta nem faz menção sobre a adaptação do espaço físico. O intuito deste escrito é identificar, à luz da Sintaxe Espacial, teoria que estuda a configuração dos espaços físicos e suas influências nas relações sobre ele estabelecidas, os critérios arquitetônicos, utilizados na elaboração de espaços de aprendizagem voltados para pessoas com TEA e como esses critérios se configuram nos projetos analisados.
The effect of resveratrol on the cryopreservation of Mongolian horse semen
Authors: Du Ming , Liu Yuanyi , Zhang Lei , Li Xinyu , Wang Na , He Qianqian , Cao Jialong , Zhao Bilig , Shi Yujie , Li Bei , Bou Gerelchimeg , Dugarjaviin Manglai
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Cryopreservation of semen has advanced significantly with the development of artificial insemination techniques, but post-thawed sperm often exhibit reduced viability, membrane integrity, and acrosome integrity compared to fresh sperm, leading to decreased fertilization capacity. Oxidative stress is a major concern during cryopreservation. This study investigated the use of resveratrol (RSV), a potent antioxidant, in the cryopreservation of Mongolian horse semen. Different concentrations of RSV were incorporated into semen cryopreservation extenders, and the morphological and antioxidant indices of post-thawed sperm were assessed to determine the optimal RSV concentration. The study also employed tandem mass tag (TMT) quantitative proteomics technology to explore differential proteins and their pathways. The results showed that sperm quality parameters were positively correlated with RSV concentration within a certain range (10–40 µmol L−1) and were significantly higher than the control group. RSV also enhanced the antioxidant capacity of sperm, with the optimal effect observed at 40 µmol L−1. Proteomics analysis identified 10 differential proteins between the control and optimal RSV concentration groups, with 7 upregulated proteins primarily involved in antioxidant activity and maintaining intracellular redox balance. These findings were further validated through real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and protein immunoblotting, suggesting that RSV has potential as an effective antioxidant for improving the cryopreservation of Mongolian horse semen.
The impact of unimolecular reactions on the possibility of acyl peroxy radical initiated isoprene oxidation
Authors: Karppinen Ida , Pasik Dominika , Ahongshangbam Emelda , Myllys Nanna
Published: January 2025

Abstract. The unimolecular H-shift and endoperoxide ring formation reactions were studied for several different acyl peroxy radicals (APRs) using quantum-mechanical methods. Also, for structures with slow unimolecular reactions, accretion reactions with isoprene were investigated. The reaction rate coefficients were calculated at the DLPNO-CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVTZ//ωB97X-D/6-31+G* level using multi-conformer transition state theory. Unimolecular reactions of acyl peroxy radicals were shown to have rate coefficients up to 0.1 s−1 and bimolecular accretion reactions with isoprene up to 10−15 cm3 s−1. Both smaller and larger acyl peroxy radicals with rigid structures were observed to be more likely to initiate accretion reactions with isoprene because of their inability for fast unimolecular reactions. The pseudo-first-order reaction rates were calculated for accretion reactions of isoprene with OH and five APRs at four different temperatures. The significance of ARP-initiated isoprene oxidation was shown to increase with increasing temperature. APR-initiated oxidation could lead to dimeric products with atmospheric impact through new-particle formation.
Characterizing Thermodynamic Observations from Unshielded Multirotor Drone Sensors
Authors: Freeman Sean W. , Bukowski Jennie , Grant Leah D. , Marinescu Peter J. , Park J. Minnie , Hitchcock Stacey M. , Neumaier Christine A. , van den Heever Susan C.
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Multirotor drones (also known as small Uncrewed Aerial Systems [sUAS] or small Uncrewed Aerial Vehicles [sUAV]) are being increasingly used in atmospheric research to make measurements of the lower atmosphere, and their use is poised to increase in the future. New opportunities are now emerging for drone atmospheric sensing around smaller instrument footprints and lower sensor weights, such as ride-along applications and drone swarms, which necessitate characterizing the performance of unshielded sensors mounted to drones. In this work, we characterize the accuracy of thermodynamic measurements, specifically temperature and water vapor mixing ratio, based on the sensor position onboard multirotor drones. To assess the influence of the drone mechanics on the measurements, ninety-eight drone flights with eight distinct thermodynamic sensor positions were performed next to an instrumented flux tower and a tethersonde carrying identical sensors, where the tower and tethersonde measurements are assumed as truth. The flights were at least nine minutes in length, and nine of the flights were conducted at night. At the best position, absolute daytime temperature errors were between -0.83 K and +0.61 K at the 95 % confidence interval, while nighttime temperature errors were smaller, ranging from -0.28 K and +0.48 K. Water vapor mixing ratio errors are within -0.22 g kg-1 and +0.66 g kg-1. We conclude that measurements in field campaigns are more accurate when sensors are placed away from the main body of the drone and are sufficiently aspirated, such as a position near, but not directly under, a spinning propeller.
Determination of pressure baseline corrections for clumped-isotope signals with complex peak shapes
Authors: Räss Stephan , Nyfeler Peter , Wheeler Paul , Price Will , Leuenberger Markus Christian
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Pressure baseline corrections have been proposed to mitigate pressure-dependent background effects and reduce the apparent dependence of Δ47 on δ47 (non-linearity) observed in clumped-isotope studies of CO2. In this work, we describe the determination of pressure baseline corrections for signals whose peak tops vary considerably across their width. Our study focuses on peaks with very small signal-to-baseline ratios (1.005 to 1.025) generated by the clumped isotopes 17O18O (linearly increasing peak top) and 18O18O (negatively curved peak top). The measurements were all performed in pure-oxygen gas using the compact, low-mass-resolution Elementar isoprime precisION Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer. We demonstrate that our corrections significantly reduce the influence of secondary electrons and that the adjusted clumped-isotope signals correctly increase with signal intensity. Furthermore, we extensively discuss correction procedures of varying complexity and explain why the best results were obtained by predicting multiple background values from the corresponding on-peak signals. Through this approach, we typically achieved standard deviations around 1 · 10-9 (35/32), 0.2 ‰ (δ35), 0.5 ‰ (Δ35), 7 · 10-9 (36/32), 0.1 ‰ (δ36) and 0.1 ‰ (Δ36) for at least 120 intervals (20 s integration). For the capital delta values, this corresponds to standard errors of the mean of less than 0.05 ‰, achieved with a total integration and analysis time of approximately 40 min and 6 h, respectively. We also show that the uncertainties of certain measurement parameters can be further reduced by optimising the measurement position (acceleration voltage) and applying additional drift corrections. For instance, for 35/32- and 36/32-related parameters we observed improvements of up to 1 order of magnitude and a factor of 7, respectively. Based on Monte Carlo simulations, we also show that the main uncertainties in our capital delta values are related to the on-peak signals, predicted backgrounds and the peak top curvature (only for Δ36). Additionally, we present a brief study on the influence of pressure baseline corrections on major oxygen-isotope ratios and their delta values. While these corrections had an insignificant effect on their uncertainties, the absolute values of 33/32 and 34/32 changed markedly.
Mechanisms and impacts of extreme high-salinity shelf water formation in the Ross Sea
Authors: Wang Xiaoqiao , Zhang Zhaoru , Xie Chuan , Zhao Xi , Wang Chuning , Hu Heng , Chen Yuanjie
Published: January 2025

Abstract. High-salinity shelf water (HSSW) acts as a precursor to the Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) and plays a critical role in regulating the global ocean circulation system. This study employs a high-resolution coupled ocean-sea ice-ice shelf model to analyze the interannual variation in HSSW formation in the Ross Sea, which is one of the major production sites of HSSW. We are particularly focused on anomalously high HSSW production during the winter of 2007. The results indicate that in this winter, there were frequent passages of synoptic-scale cyclones that are centered near the front of the Ross Ice Shelf. The western flanks of these cyclones significantly enhanced offshore winds over the western Ross Ice Shelf polynya, a major origin site of HSSW in the Ross Sea, leading to a sharp increase in ice production within this polynya. The HSSW formation resulting from brine rejection during ice freezing reached the highest volume of 16,000 km3 in 2007. However, salinity and density of the Ross Sea during this period exhibited unexpected low values. Such inconsistency was due to a rapid increase in ice shelf melting over the Amundsen Sea and Ross Seas during 2006–2007, with annual cumulative melt rates reaching the peak in recent decades. Meanwhile, the resulting large amount of meltwater was transported westward into the Ross Sea by notably strong slope and coastal currents in 2007, leading to large fluxes of freshwater flux into the Ross Sea. The interaction between enhanced HSSW formation driven by ice production and the large influx of meltwater highlights the complex dynamics that shape hydrographic variability in the Ross Sea.
Contributions of primary anthropogenic sources and rapid secondary transformations to organic aerosol pollution in Nanchang, Central China
Authors: Guo Wei , Li Zicong , Zhu Renguo , Zhou Zhongkui , Xiao Hongwei , Xiao Huayun
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Owing to the complex composition of organic aerosols (OAs), it is challenging to elucidate their sources and dynamics, particularly in urban environments in China, where natural and anthropogenic influences converge. We attempted to clarify the relative contributions of primary emissions and secondary formations to urban OAs and confirm the sources and influencing factors of OA pollution. To achieve this, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of major polar organic compounds in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) samples collected over a year in Nanchang, Central China. The results indicated that the concentrations of fatty acids, fatty alcohols, and saccharides were relatively high, whereas lignin and resin products, sterols, glycerol, hydroxy acids, and aromatic acids were present at low concentrations. An analysis of molecular characteristics and concentration ratios revealed that they originate from anthropogenic and natural sources. Using the tracer-based method, we observed that the primary organic carbon (POC) and primary organic aerosols (POA) contributed 53 % of OC and 21 % of PM2.5 mass, respectively, compared with a mere 8 % and 4 % from secondary organic carbon (SOC) and secondary organic aerosols (SOA). Anthropogenic sources were the most dominant determinant, contributing approximately 89 % of POC and POA and 60 % of SOC and SOA. Seasonal variations indicated that biogenic emissions exerted a stronger influence during spring and summer, whereas anthropogenic emissions were more pronounced in autumn and winter. Short-term winter pollution episodes were characterized by rapid secondary transformation, promoted by elevated primary emissions and favorable oxidation conditions, including increased light intensity and nitrogen oxides.
Photosynthetic electron, carbon and oxygen fluxes within a mosaic of Fe limitation in the California Current Upwelling System
Authors: Sezginer Yayla , Schuler Kate , Speciale Emily , Marchetti Adrian , Till Claire , Till Ralph , Tortell Philippe
Published: January 2025

Abstract. We compare primary productivity estimates based on different photosynthetic ‘currencies’ (electrons, O2 and carbon) collected from the dynamic coastal upwelling waters of the California Current. Fast Repetition Rate Fluorometry and O2/N2 measurements were used to collect high-resolution underway estimates of photosynthetic electron transport rates and net community productivity, respectively, alongside on-station 14C uptake experiments to measure gross carbon fixation rates. Our survey captured two upwelling filaments at Cape Blanco and Cape Mendocino with distinct biogeochemical signatures and iron availabilities, enabling us to examine photosynthetic processes along a natural iron gradient. Significant differences in photo-physiology, cell sizes, Si:NO3- draw-down ratios, and molecular markers of Fe-stress indicated that phytoplankton assemblages near Cape Mendocino were Fe-stressed, while those near Cape Blanco were Fe-replete. Upwelling of O2-poor deep water to the surface complicated O2-based net community productivity estimates, but we were able to correct for these vertical mixing effects using continuous [N2O] surface measurements and depth-profiles of ∂[O2]∂[N2O]. Vertical mixing corrections were strongly correlated to sea surface temperature, which serves as an N2O-independent proxy for upwelling. Following vertical mixing corrections, all three productivity estimates reflected trends in Fe-stress physiology, indicating greater productivity near Cape Blanco compared to Cape Mendocino. For all assemblages, carbon fixation varied as a hyperbolic function of electron transport rates, but the derived parameters of this relationship were highly variable and significantly correlated with physiological indicators of Fe-stress (σPSII, FV/FM, Si:NO3- and diatom-specific PSI gene expression), suggesting that iron availability influenced the coupling between photosynthetic electron transport and subsequent carbon fixation. Net community productivity showed strong coherence with daily-integrated photosynthetic electron transport rates across the entire cruise track, with no apparent relationship with Fe-stress. This result suggests that fluorescence-based estimates of gross photochemistry are still a good indicator for bulk primary productivity, even if Fe-limitation influences the stoichiometric relationship between productivity currencies.