bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CT and MRI features of calvarium and skull base osteosarcoma (CSBO)
Authors: Luo Zhendong , Chen Weiguo , Shen Xinping , Qin Genggeng , Yuan Jianxiang , Hu Biying , Lyu Jianxun , Pan Derun
Published: November 2019

Objective:

This study aims to assess the CT and MRI features of calvarium and skull base osteosarcoma (CSBO).

Methods:

The CT and MRI features and pathological characteristics of 12 cases of pathologically confirmed CSBO were analyzed retrospectively.

Results:

12 patients (age range 9–67 years; 3 male, 9 female) were included in the study. Tumours occurred in skull base (7, 58.3%), temporal (4, 33.3%) and frontal (1, 8.3%). Among all, six patients received radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. According to pathology, 11 out of 12 tumours were high-grade (91.7%). On CT, all the tumours had soft tissue mass penetrated into cortical bone with invasion of surrounding soft tissue. Six tumours were shown to have lytic density and six were mixed density. Matrix mineralization was present in 10 cases (83.3%). On MRI, tumours presented as soft-tissue masses measuring 5.9 ± 2.4 (3.9–8.0) cm. Five tumours showed low signal intensities on T  1 weighted imaging with seven having heterogeneous signal intensities. One showed low signal intensity on T  2 weighted imaging, two showed high signal intensities and nine heterogeneous signal intensities. All the tumours showed low signal intensities on diffusion-weighted imaging. On contrast enhanced images, seven cases showed heterogeneous enhancement, three showed peripheral enhancementand and two showed homogeneous enhancement. Dural tail sign were detected in nine cases.

Conclusion:

CSBO is rare, and is commonly associated with previous radiation exposure. A presumptive diagnosis for osteosarcoma should be considered when calvarium and skull base tumours with osteoid matrix and duraltail sign are found.

Advances in knowledge:

CT and MR features of CSBO have not been reported. The study helps to identify CSBO and other sarcomas.
Journal Scan
Authors: Welyczko Nikki
Published: November 2019

Nikki Welyczko, Associate Professor at the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, provides a brief overview of recently published nursing and health articles
Temporary loop ileostomy or permanent end colostomy for low rectal cancer: making the right choice
Authors: Skipper Gill
Published: November 2019

Low rectal cancer is treated by surgical removal of part of the colon via abdominoperineal resection (APR), ultra-low Hartmann's (ULH) or low anterior resection (LAR), followed by stoma formation. APR and ULH always result in a permanent end colostomy. LAR usually results in anastomosis with a defunctioning loop ileostomy, which can be reversed to restore mostly normal bowel function, making it the procedure of choice. A stoma can be difficult to manage, getting more so with age or infirmity, and complications are frequent, so a temporary stoma is generally preferable for a patient's wellbeing. However, a loop ileostomy is usually more problematic than a permanent colostomy, with greater chance of high output. Meanwhile, reversal surgery is not guaranteed, carries some risk and often results in reduced bowel function. The colorectal multidisciplinary team (MDT) and, in elective surgery, the patient, must decide which is the most appropriate option. The stoma care nurse (SCN) has a vital role in providing pre-operative assessment, supporting informed decision making and siting the stoma, as well as postoperative follow up and support up to and following stoma reversal.
Newly qualified health visitor: Assessment and support for fathers' mental health
Authors: Boddy Bethany
Published: November 2019

Bethany Boddy explores the evidence around paternal mental health illness, and the role of the health visitor through assessment, identification and signposting using a whole-family approach
At a glance: Speech and language development in 0–3 year olds
Authors: Tinsley Elizabeth
Published: November 2019

Children learn and develop at different stages, but there are expected milestones that they should reach and activities that parents and caregivers can do to encourage their child's speech and language development. This article will look at the expected milestones for speech and language development from 0–3 years and explore ways of supporting children's development.
Effect of Modifying Shellac with Citric Acid on Shellac-Bagasse Biocomposite
Authors: Nurhayati Nanik Dwi , Wijaya Karna , Triyono  , Heraldy Eddy
Published: November 2019

This study was aimed at modifying local Shellac with citric acid in varied concentrations of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 % (w/w) to prepare Shellac-Bagasse (Sh-Bg) biocomposite and determining its physico-chemical properties. The biocomposite was made from the natural Shellac matrices and Bagasse fibers. Physico-chemical properties of non-modified Shellac and Shellac modified with citric acid including functional groups, intrinsic viscosity, density, and mechanical tensile strength were characterized using
Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), Oswald viscometer and Universal Testing Machine (UTM). The analysis results showed an optimum modification of shellac-citric acid at a concentration of 4% (w/w). FTIR analysis of the modified Shellac showed a broad absorption at 3448 cm–1 which indicated the presence of hydroxyl groups (-OH). The presence of C=O ester groups was indicated by the absorption appearing at 1712 cm–1. The absorption at 1251-1250 cm–1 indicated the presence of C-O groups, while the presence of -CH2 methylene groups was indicated by the absorption at 1465
cm–1. The modified Shellac with its optimal intrinsic viscosity of 169.97 mL/g indicated that there was a reaction between citric acid and Shellac to form an ester, so that the polymer chains formed were longer with a low density of 0,6662-0,8168 mg/L when compared to Shellac without modification. The low density indicated that the citric acid-modified Shellac could be processed to be biocomposite. The biocomposite was made with various compositions of Shellac and Bagasse with hot press at 80 °C and under a pressure of 6 Kgf/cm2. The optimum ratio of Shellac to Bagasse in Shellac-Bagasse (Sh-Bg) biocomposite was of 60:40 %. While, the analysis using Universal testing machine resulted a mechanical tensile strength of 0.6 MPa and an elongation at break of 0.45 %.
Antimicrobial Activities of Some Indonesian Medicinal Plants against Propionibacterium
acnes (ATCC 27853) and Staphylococcus epidermis (ATCC 12228) causing Acne
Authors: Riris Ida Duma , Silalahi Albinus , Juwitaningsih Tita , Hutabarat Wesly
Published: November 2019

Secondary metabolites investigation of local plants, such as Psidium guajava L, Curcuma longa rhizome, Citrus hystrix and Lawsonia intracellularis shown that they have antibacterial activities against Propionibacterium acnes (ATCC 27853) and Staphylococcus epidermis (ATCC 12228) with chloramphenicol as antibiotic controlled. The phytoscreening method used to find out compounds in the plants and inhibition tests carried out by diffuse test with a concentration variation of 10, 5, 2.5 and 1.25 %. It was found that Lawsonia intracellularis plants has the highest inhibitory growth of 17; 12, 15, 14, 12 mm at 10 % concentration.
Triton-B Mediated Efficient Synthesis of Thioxoimidazolidine-4,5-diones
Authors: Kishore Ram , Kamboj M. , Shukla M. , Chaturvedi Devdutt
Published: November 2019

A simple, mild and efficient protocol for the synthesis of thioxoimidazolidine-4,5-diones (1-15) from substituted thiourea employing Triton-B/CS2 system has been discussed. The protocol described is an easy, efficient, nature-friendly method using cheap, easily available, less toxic reagents at room temperature. The synthesis involves the reaction between substituted thiourea in toluene and oxalyl chloride at room temperature using phase transfer catalyst Triton-B/CS2 system.
Removal of Cadmium(II) from Water using Modified Citrus
limettioides Peels: Thermodynamic and Isotherm Studies
Authors: Janaki P. , Sudha R. , Sribharathi T.S. , Anitha P. , Poornima K. , Premkumar P.
Published: November 2019

The adsorption performance of sulphuric acid treated low cost adsorbent synthesized by using Citrus limettioides peel as an effective raw material for the removal of cadmium(II) from water. The batch adsorption method was carried out to optimize some parameters like contact time, pH and adsorbent dose. The nonlinear isotherm equations were used to calculate the different isotherm constant of five isotherm models namely Freundlich, Langmuir, Dubinin-Radushkevich, Redlich-Peterson and Sips. The Langmuir monolayer adsorption capacity of chemically modified Citrus limettioides peel was found to be 287.60 mg g-1. The negative values of ΔGº and ΔHº showed that the adsorption process is
spontaneous and exothermic.
Reverse Phase Chiral HPLC Method for Enantiomeric Excess Determination of 2-Aminobutanamide
Authors: Jhansi T. Naga , Kumar D. Pavan , Rajana Nagaraju , Kumar D. Jayadeep , Rao G. Nageswara
Published: November 2019

A reverse phase chiral HPLC method was developed for the determination of (R)-2-aminobutanamide isomer content in (S)-2-amino-butanamide key starting material for levetiracetam drug substance by using a CROWNPAK CR (+) column. Perchloric acid solution (0.05 %) was used as mobile phase and the flow rate was finalized as 0.3 mL/min. UV detection wavelength was 200 nm and column temperature was set as 15 ºC. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were 0.0002 mg/mL and 0.0005 mg/mL, respectively. The linearity calibration curve of (R)-2-aminobutanamide was shown good from the range of 0.0005 mg/mL to 0.004 mg/mL. The recovery of (R)-2-aminobutanamide
isomer was between the range of 93 to 106 % in presence of (S)-2-aminobutanamide. The method was validated and found to be precise, accurate and robust. The method can be used for determination of (R)-2-aminobutanamide in presence of (S)-2-aminobutanamide, which is the key intermediate for preparation of levetiracetam. This method was validated in as per ICH Q2 (R1) and USP validation of compendial methods (1225).
Inclusion Complexes of Some Substituted 4-Thiazolidinones with
Activating and Deactivating Group
Authors: Dash Simanchal
Published: November 2019

Some substituted 4-thiazolidinones have been prepared by taking 2-hydrazinobenzothiazole as a staring material. Polar solvent water makes less solubility of these compounds. Hence inclusions of compounds are prepared by taking suitable ratio of compound and β-cyclodextrin. The purpose of this work is to synthesize more soluble and more bioaccesible compounds. The synthesized compounds and their inclusions are known from the study of their thermodynamic properties and spectral characteristics
(UV, IR and NMR). Pharmaceutical activity of the compounds and inclusion can be performed by using the bacteria namely E. coli, S. aureus and P. vulgaris. Considering and discussing all the matters, it has been found that inclusion formation shows more antibacterial activity than simple compound.
Study of Optical, Structural, Thermal and Dielectric Properties of
Poly(vinylidene diflouride)/Cuprous Oxide Polymer Nanocomposites
Authors: Behera M. , Biswal S.K. , Panda Bhabani S. , Ahemad Mohammed A.
Published: November 2019

Herein, a development of cuprous oxide (Cu2O)/polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) polymer
nanocomposite (PNC) films by solution casting route is reported. The nanocomposite films were characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and LCR meter. Formation of a broad band near 465 nm for polymer nanocomposite suggests that Cu2O nanoparticles are present in the film. Some of the vibrational bands of PVDF were slightly shifted from their original position and the intensity of some bands were found to increase in presence of nanoparticles. Such features reveal that some interaction occurs between PVDF and Cu2O nanoparticles. Scanning electron microscope (SEM)
images show that the nanoparticles are interconnected to each other through PVDF polymer chain. Crystalline nature of Cu2O nanoparticles in the film was confirmed from XRD pattern. Thermogravimetric analysis shows that thermal stability of neat PVDF has increased in presence of nanoparticles. The neat PVDF showed dielectric constant value of 8 at frequency 100 Hz, while that of 1 wt% Cu2O doped PVDF polymer nanocomposite has exhibited dielectric constant value ~175 at the same frequency.
Green Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Some Novel N-Arylimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine-2-Carboxamide Derivatives
Authors: Jyothi Boggavarapu , Madhavi Nannapaneni
Published: November 2019

The article deals with the synthesis of some novel N-arylimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine-2-carboxamides (7a-l) by condensation reaction of imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (5) with different aliphatic/aromatic amines (6a-l) by using 1-methylimidazole, Mukaiyama’s reagent and 2-chloro-1-methylpyridinium iodide under microwave irradiation conditions. A new series of compounds 7 have been prepared from 2-iodopyrazine (1). Compound 1 on purged with ammonia gas in the presence of Cu2O and K2CO3 furnishes pyrazin-2-amine (2), which is treated with ethyl 3-bromo-2-oxopropanoate (3) to produce ethyl imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine-2-carboxylate (4), which on hydrolysis with NaOH yields imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid (5). The structures of the newly synthesized compounds have been elucidated on the basis of spectral (IR, 1H and 13C NMR and MS) and analytical data. Compounds 7a-l have also been screened for their antimicrobial activity. Some of the compounds exhibit promising antimicrobial activity
Sunlight Assisted Degradation of Methylene Blue as a Model Dye using
Bismuth Oxychloride Nanoparticles: Ecofriendly and Industry
Efficient Photocatalysis for Waste Chemical Treatment
Authors: Adhikari Chandan , Kaur Mandeep , Ravichandran
Published: November 2019

In this study, an efficient sunlight triggered dye degradation was demonstrated using methylene blue as a model dye and bismuth oxychloride nanoparticles were used as photocatalyst. Two different types of nanoparticles, nanoflower and nanodisk, were prepared to understand the effect of morphology on the photocatalysis. Both the particles were prepared following a straightforward and easy methodology from readily available chemicals. The particles were characterized using scanning electron microscope, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction. UV-visible spectroscopy and colorimeter were used to evaluate the photocatalytic activity of the catalyst. Both the nanoparticles were able to degrade the dye completely within 3-4 h under visible light. The photocatalytic rate constant analysis demonstrates that out of two morphology, nanoflower is found to be more effective than nanodisk towards dye degradation. The sunlight was also used to understand whether the photocatalyst can degrade the dye or not in presence of sunlight only. Both nanoparticles were able to degrade the dye 100 % in presence of sunlight within maximum 4 h. The photocatalytic
dye degradation in presence of sunlight was conducted in between 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. when the maximum amount of sunlight is available with high intensity and energy. The catalysts were 100 % active after the first cycle and upto four cycles the dye degradation efficiency remain around 60-80%. The study demonstrates that sunlight can degrade the dye in presence of these photocatalyst which clearly indicates its energy saving approach thus making it more economic and green methodology for the industries.
Transition Metal Complexes of Pyridyl Ligand as Light Emitting Materials in OLEDs
Authors: Basavaraja Thippeswamy , Bhadrachar Somashekara , Mahadevan Kittappa M
Published: November 2019

Transition metal complexes, viz., tetrapyridylbis(isothiocyanato)nickel(II) (1), dipyridylbis (isothiocyanato)copper(II) (2) and dipyridylbis-(isothiocyanato)zinc(II) (3) were
synthesized by conventional methods. All the synthesized metal complexes were characterized by spectral and elemental analysis. Diffused reflectance (DR) spectra of the complexes 1-3 recorded in the range 200-1100 nm exhibit major peaks at 450 nm and 750 nm (% diffused reflectance 50 and 55, respectively) for complex 1, 500 nm (20 % diffused reflectance) for complex 2 and 400 nm (50 % diffused reflectance) for complex 3. The excitation and emission peaks obtained from photoluminescence spectra indicated the emission of white, green and white lights by the complexes 1, 2 and 3, respectively. From diffused reflectance spectra, the measured band gap energies were
found to be 3.95 eV for complex 1, 2.77 eV for complex 2 and 4.3 eV for complex 3. Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.31533, 0.33082), (0.22605, 0.35099) and (0.28633, 0.31012) were calculated for the complexes 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The phosphors 1-3 were readily soluble in various common organic solvents and they could become promising light emitting materials in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs).
Green Synthesis of Spiropyranone 3-Aryl-4-Methylcoumarin
Derivatives using Carbonyldiimidazole
Authors: Ashok D. , Madhuri E.V. L. , Sarasija M.
Published: November 2019

A series of spiropyranone 3-aryl-4-methylcoumarin derivatives have been synthesized from
monospiro-2-hydroxy acetophenone in a novel and efficient green method using imidazolyl
intermediates and inorganic base. Imidazolyl intermediates were in turn generated by grinding the respective phenylacetic acid along with carbonyldiimidazole (CDI). Similarly, monospiro-2-hydroxy acetophenone derivatives were prepared selectively by avoiding formation of bis derivatives following literature procedure. The titled compounds were purified by preparative TLC technique and were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR as well as mass spectral methods
Influence of Structural, Thermoelectric Power and Catalytic Efficiency of Nd-Doped Mn3O4
Authors: Geetha V.T. , Puthilibai G. , Induja S.
Published: November 2019

Hexagonal shape Nd doped Mn3O4 samples were prepared via microwave route using urea as reducing agent. Nd doped Mn3O4 magnetic, structural, optical and morphological properties of the synthesized hexagonal like particles were examined by diffused reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and photoluminescence (PL), XRD, SEM, TEM and vibrating sample measurements (VSM) studies. Morphological results showed the hexagonal shape morphology and uniform size dispersal. The crystallite size and the particle size calculated and the TEM monographs designate the correlation of the data obtained from both measurements. It could be noted that saturation magnetization (Ms) and remanence (Mr) values reduce by maximizing neodymium replacement.
Synthesis, Characterization and Crystal Structure of 2-Pyridinecarboxamide
Authors: Sun Kai-Jin , Cai Zhao-Sheng
Published: November 2019

2-Pyridinecarboxamide was synthesized from 2-picoline through two-steps reaction. Initially, 2-picoline was converted into 2-cyanopyridine by ammoxidation in a stainless-steel fixed-bed reactor at 370 ºC with V2O5 loaded on TiO2 as catalyst. The 2-cyanopyridine was transformed into 2-pyridinecarboxamide through oxidation hydrolysis in basic solution using MnO2 as oxidant at 70 ºC. The final product was characterized by FT-IR, NMR and UV-visible analysis, and 2-pyridinecarboxamide in the final product was determined using HPLC. The crystal structure of 2-pyridinecarboxamide was investigated using X-ray diffraction and SHELX 2018/3 (sh) software and the result indicated that 2-pyridinecarboxamide crystallized in the monoclinic system, space group P21/n with a = 5.207(2), b = 7.097(3), c = 16.243(6) Å, V = 595.7 (4) Å3; Z = 4.
Cambios en la estructura socioproductiva de la provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina, durante el proceso de transformación de la agricultura pampeana
Authors: Trucco Ignacio , Locher M. Valentina , Delfino Andrea
Published: November 2019

La transformación del mundo agrícola pampeanopuso en evidencia la íntima relación entre dimensiones políticas, institucionales y económicas. Este trabajo tiene por objetivo analizar el cruce de dos dimensiones. Por un parte, las formas regulatorias, es decir, el conjunto de instituciones públicas que inciden en el desarrollo de la actividad agrícola en Argentina y, por otra parte, la estructura socioproductiva, es decir, las características principales de los actores que participan del subsistema productivo agrícola.Estas dos dimensiones mantienen una relación estrecha, aunque mediadas por las diferentes escalas en las que operan. En el primer caso, de carácter nacional y en el segundo de carácter local o regional. El trabajo ensaya posibles articulaciones estructurales a partir del análisis de los cambios en variables demográficas y sociolaborales, producidos en concomitancia con la transformación agrícola y los cambios en las formas regulatorias que le dieron el marco institucional.
Under-Identification of Students with Long Term Disability from Moderate to Severe TBI:
Authors: Nagele Drew A , Hooper Stephen R. , Hildebrant Kristin , McCart Melissa , Dettmer Judy , Glang Ann
Published: November 2019

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a special education eligibility category under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). Unlike other special education categories (e.g., autism, specific learning disabilities), relatively few students with TBI are identified for special education nationwide compared to the known prevalence of TBI. Discrepanies between TBI hospitalization data, estimates of long-term disability due to TBI, and the number of students identified under the TBI category were analyzed. Only 33% of students projected to have moderate to severe TBI were represented in state child counts using the IDEA TBI category. Possible explanations for these discrepancies were explored, including that students with TBI are not referred for special education services, students are served under other special education categories, communications between medical systems-school systems are limited, and that students may not manifest difficulty until years after injury. Potential solutions to improve TBI identification for special education services are presented.
KEEPING OUR STUDENTS SAFE DURING SCHOOL CRISES
Authors: Columbia Dusty , Clarke Laura S , Weber Kimberly
Published: November 2019

As educators and parents of children with disabilities, we recognize that students with significant disabilities benefit from research-based strategies to support the development of academic and social learning. We regularly use systematic instruction and behavior supports to provide day-to-day instruction, yet this same detailed planning is not always carried through to support these students in preparation for school crises. Whether a student with a significant disability is in a weather-related event such as a tornado or a larger crisis such as a school shooting, she or he likely needs intensive instruction with research-based strategies in order to survive. In this article, we discuss the critical issue of systematically inquiring about the specific needs of students with significant disabilities as they pertain to staying safe in school crises and introduce why and how to write an Individual Emergency and Lockdown Plan (IELP) for these students.
El desplazamiento forzado: un reto para la transformación del quehacer docente
Authors: Muñoz Cáceres Tatiana Melissa
Published: November 2019

Este artículo es el resultado de la participación como joven investigadora en el proyecto “Incidencia del desplazamiento forzado en las prácticas pedagógi­cas de primer ciclo de dos instituciones educativas de Bogotá”. En la misma se propuso como objetivo analizar estas prácticas, planteando como pregunta problema: ¿cuál es la incidencia del desplazamiento forzado en las prácticas pedagógicas de primer ciclo de dos instituciones educativas de las localidades de Bosa y Ciudad Bolívar en Bogotá? Se empleó un enfo­que cualitativo de corte etnográfico, haciendo uso de técnicas como la entrevista, la antología de historias y los talleres dirigidos a estudiantes de transición, primero y segundo grado, al igual que a los docentes titulares. Como categorías de análisis se establecie­ron: las prácticas pedagógicas, el desplazamiento for­zado y las relaciones interpersonales. Los hallazgos y las conclusiones están centrados en dichos aspectos, haciendo énfasis en la importancia de repensar y re­plantear las prácticas pedagógicas.
La experiencia de lectura en voz alta con las infancias: “Caperucita y el lobo feroz; la maraca y el trueno”
Authors: Bustamante Chillon Tamara , Gallego Angulo Diana Marcela
Published: November 2019

En este artículo se presenta una experiencia peda­gógica centrada en el uso de efectos sonoros para el acompañamiento de la lectura en voz alta de tex­tos literarios infantiles. La reflexión avanza hacia la comprensión de esta experiencia y el tema se aborda desde categorías conceptuales tales como los efectos sonoros y la literatura infantil, la narración y la crea­ción, la comprensión lectora y el placer de leer. Se incorporan referencias desde las neurociencias, las teorías del desarrollo infantil y el rol de la pedagoga infantil en la formulación de propuestas que promue­van competencias lectoras e interés por la lectura en los niños y niñas. Se recuperan observaciones deriva­das de diversas fuentes y, en especial, de una inves­tigación desarrollada con una población de niños y niñas con edades entre ocho y nueve años.
Reconciliarnos: una manifestación de ciudadanía para propiciar desde la escuela
Authors: Barragán Santos Fabio Enrique , Arias Rey Agustín David
Published: November 2019

El programa de investigación “Ciudadanía desde el aula” ha propuesto a la reconciliación como una de 16 manifestaciones de ciudadanía que pueden propiciarse desde las prácticas de aula con el fin de desarrollar competencias ciudadanas. Este artículo profundiza en la reconciliación como manifestación de ciudadanía. Primero, se hacen distinciones entre perdón y reconciliación. Luego, se presenta la reconciliación como manifestación de ciudadanía. Enseguida, se describen cuatro competencias ciudadanas asociadas: expresión asertiva, escucha activa y positiva, memoria personal y colectiva y resiliencia. Estas competencias ciudadanas y la reconciliación misma se estudian desde un vector narrativo que hace énfasis en la importancia de los relatos en la construcción social e individual. Finalmente, se presentan consideraciones y propuestas haciendo énfasis en educar para la reconciliación desde el aula y la escuela.
REFORMASI BIROKRASI BADAN NARKOTIKA NASIONAL DALAM PEMBERANTASAN TINDAK PIDANA NARKOTIKA
Authors: Cahyaningtyas Irma
Published: November 2019

Peredaran narkotika di Indonesia semakin meningkat sehingga diperlukan kinerja aparat penegak hukum yang profesional. Badan Narkotika Nasional merupakan penyidik pada tindak pidana Narkotika. Permasalahan pada arikel ini adalah pertama, bagaimanakah proses penyidikan tindak pidana narkotika guna menentukan kualifikasi pengedar atau pemakai yang dilakukan oleh penyidik Badan Narkotika Nasional? Kedua, bagaimanakah reformasi birokrasi Badan Narkotika Nasional sebagai aparat penegak hukum dalam perkara tindak pidana narkotika?Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah pendekatan socio legal serta berlokasi di Badan Narkotika Nasional Provinsi (BNNP) Jawa Tengah.Berdasarkan penelitian dan pembahasan dinyatakan bahwa penyidikan yang dilakukan oleh BNN didasarkan pada kualifikasi pelaku yang di bedakan menjadi 3 (tiga) yaitu pemakai atau pengguna, pengedar dan produsen. Dalam meningkatkan kinerjanya, perlu ada pembaharuan berupa reformasi birokrasi pada tatanan substansi hukum, struktur hukum, dan kuktur hukum. Hal tersebut akan berpengaruh pada proses penegakan hukum tindak pidana narkotika yang cepat dan profesional.
Local regularity results for solutions of linear elliptic equations with drift term
Authors: Cirmi G. R. , D’Asero S. , Leonardi Salvatore , Porzio Michaela M.
Published: November 2019

We study the local regularity of the solution u of the following nonlinear boundary value problem:

{

𝒜
⁢
u

=

-

div
⁡

[

E
⁢

(
x
)

⁢
u

+

F
⁢

(
x
)

]

in 
⁢
Ω

,

u

=
0

on 
⁢

∂
⁡
Ω

,

\left\{\begin{aligned} \displaystyle\mathcal{A}u&\displaystyle=-\operatorname{%
div}{[E(x)u+F(x)]}&&\displaystyle\phantom{}\text{in }\Omega,\\
\displaystyle u&\displaystyle=0&&\displaystyle\phantom{}\text{on }\partial%
\Omega,\end{aligned}\right.

where Ω is a bounded open subset of

ℝ
N

{\mathbb{R}^{N}}

, with

N
>
2

{N>2}

,

𝒜

{\mathcal{A}}

is a nonlinear Leray–Lions operator in divergence form, and

E
⁢

(
x
)

{E(x)}

and

F
⁢

(
x
)

{F(x)}

are vector fields satisfying suitable local summability properties.
Flourishing as Productive Tension: Theory and Model
Authors: Heifetz Aviad , Minelli Enrico
Published: November 2019

Based on insights from psychology, we argue that individual well-being has two incommensurable dimensions, gratification and flourishing. We provide a model in which the individual’s vitality is tunneled to different goals/practices. Gratification is represented by discharge of flow, while flourishing corresponds to generated power. The two dimensions are correlated in a way that depends on the characteristics of the available goals/practices, and their relationship need not be monotonic. We also extend the model to social interaction, prove existence of an equilibrium and show the possibility of ‘flourishing traps’.
The democratic quality of political depictions in fictional TV entertainment. A comparative content analysis of the political dramaBorgenand the journalistic magazineBerlin direkt
Authors: Nitsch Cordula , Jandura Olaf , Bienhaus Peter
Published: November 2019

The quality of political reporting in the news media is a focal point of communication research. Politics, however, is not only conveyed via traditional sources of information, but via fictional sources. In particular, political dramas (e. g., The West Wing, Borgen) enjoy great popularity and are often acknowledged for their realistic depiction of politics. Still, little is known about the democratic quality of such fictional depictions. This paper aims to fill the gap by contrasting the depiction of politics in the fictional TV series Borgen with political reporting in a traditional TV magazine (Berlin direkt). The comparative content analysis is based on ten issues that are covered in both formats and focuses on the quality criteria of relevance, pluralism, and democratic discourse norms. Findings show no significant differences between Borgen and Berlin direkt for any of the three criteria, clearly indicating that fictional TV series can offer the same content quality as political reporting.
Higher integrability for the singular porous medium system
Authors: Bögelein Verena , Duzaar Frank , Scheven Christoph
Published: November 2019

In this paper we establish in the fast diffusion range the higher integrability of the spatial gradient of weak solutions to porous medium systems. The result comes along with an explicit reverse Hölder inequality for the gradient.
The novel feature in the proof is a suitable intrinsic scaling for
space-time cylinders combined with reverse Hölder inequalities and a Vitali covering argument within this geometry. The main result
holds for the natural range of parameters suggested by other regularity results. Our result applies to general fast diffusion systems and includes both,
non-negative and signed solutions in the case
of equations. The methods of proof are purely vectorial in their structure.
The diachrony of velar coronalization in Mojeño (Arawakan)
Authors: de Carvalho Fernando O.
Published: November 2019

The goals of the present paper are: to improve the reconstruction of Proto-Mojeño (PM) by reconstructing a synchronic morphophonological alternation; to provide a clearer picture of the relations between PM and some of its closest relatives and to better understand the historical development of the Trinitario dialect, arguably the least conservative of the attested varieties of Mojeño. I show here that an antecedent stage of PM, Pre-PM, was subject to a contextual merger (primary split or split-merger) of *k and *s, yielding a morphophonological alternation *k ~ *s in PM. Apparent exceptions to the Pre-PM change *k>s provide evidence for the reconstruction of a non-palatalizing contextual vowel, possibly *ɨ, that was merged with *i in PM and with e in Terena, possibly PM’s closest relative. A preliminary comparison of certain verb stem formatives and deverbal nominalizers in PM and Terena is also presented. Finally, I show that a context-dependent development involving k in the Trinitario dialect, this time a secondary split yielding the fricative ç, resulted in alternations k ~ ç, thus creating a second, diachronically separable layer of palatalization/coronalization in the phonology of Trinitario.
Reconstructing the ditransitive construction for Proto-Germanic: Gothic, Old English and Old Norse-Icelandic
Authors: Vázquez-González Juan G. , Barðdal Jóhanna
Published: November 2019

The semantic range of ditransitive verbs in Modern English has been at the center of linguistic attention ever since the pioneering work of Pinker (1989.Learnability and cognition: The acquisition of argument structure. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press). At the same time, historical research on how the semantics of the ditransitive construction has changed over time has seriously lagged behind. In order to address this issue for the Germanic languages, the Indo-European subbranch to which Modern English belongs, we systematically investigate the narrowly defined semantic verb classes occurring in the ditransitive construction in Gothic, Old English and Old Norse-Icelandic. On the basis of data handed down from Proto-Germanic and documented in the oldest layers of the three Germanic subbranches, East, West and North Germanic, respectively, we show that the constructional range of the ditransitive construction was considerably broader in the earlier historical stages than now; several subclasses of verbs that could instantiate the ditransitive in early Germanic are infelicitous in the ditransitive construction in, for instance, Modern English. Taking the oldest surviving evidence from Germanic as point of departure, we reconstruct the ditransitive construction for an earlier proto-stage, using the formalism of Construction Grammar and incorporating narrowly defined semantic verb classes and higher level conceptual domains. We thus reconstruct the internal structure of the ditransitive construction in Proto-Germanic, including different levels of schematicity.
Inorganic nitrite bioactivation and role in physiological signaling and therapeutics
Authors: Amdahl Matthew B. , DeMartino Anthony W. , Gladwin Mark T.
Published: November 2019

The bioactivation of inorganic nitrite refers to the conversion of otherwise ‘inert’ nitrite to the diatomic signaling molecule nitric oxide (NO), which plays important roles in human physiology and disease, notably in the regulation of vascular tone and blood flow. While the most well-known sources of NO are the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzymes, another source of NO is the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway, whereby nitrite (obtained from reduction of dietary nitrate) is further reduced to form NO. The past few decades have seen extensive study of the mechanisms of NO generation through nitrate and nitrite bioactivation, as well as growing appreciation of the contribution of this pathway to NO signaling in vivo. This review, prepared for the volume 400 celebration issue of Biological Chemistry, summarizes some of the key reactions of the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway such as reduction, disproportionation, dehydration, and oxidative denitrosylation, as well as current evidence for the contribution of the pathway to human cardiovascular physiology. Finally, ongoing efforts to develop novel medical therapies for multifarious conditions, especially those related to pathologic vasoconstriction and ischemia/reperfusion injury, are also explored.
Best approximation and fixed points for rational-type contraction mappings
Authors: Chandok Sumit
Published: November 2019

In this paper, we prove a fixed point theorem for a rational type contraction mapping in the frame work of metric spaces. Also, we extend Brosowski–Meinardus type results on invariant approximation for such class of contraction mappings. The results proved extend some of the known results existing in the literature.
Regular Price Stickiness in German Food Retailing
Authors: Holzer Patrick Sebastian , Bittmann Thomas
Published: November 2019

The present study investigates the underlying factors of price stickiness in German food retailing using fluid milk as a case study. We distinguish the duration between two actual price changes and two regular price changes as measures for price stickiness. Especially in the case of private labels, the choice of proxy for price rigidity has important implications. If we consider (regular) price changes, private label products are more (less) rigid than national brands. Price rigidity increases in the product’s average price. Prices of low priced private labels are rather flexible. Price adjustment of high priced private labels is similarly sluggish compared to national brands. We rationalize this finding with variable mark-ups under imperfect competition. In line with previous research, we find that price stickiness also depends on product attributes, retail formats, menu costs, psychological price points, and time-varying market conditions.
Inverse problem for elastic body with thin elastic inclusion
Authors: Khludnev Alexander M.
Published: November 2019

An inverse problem for an elastic body with a thin elastic inclusion is investigated. It is assumed that the inclusion crosses the external boundary of the elastic body. A connection between the inclusion and the elastic body is characterized by the damage parameter. We study a dependence of the solutions on the damage parameter. In particular, passages to infinity and to zero of the damage parameter are investigated. Limit models are analyzed. Assuming that the damage and rigidity parameters of the model are unknown, inverse problems are formulated. Sufficient conditions for the inverse problems to have solutions are found. Estimates concerning solutions of the inverse problem are established.
Effects of dexmedetomidine on the RhoA /ROCK/ Nox4 signaling pathway in renal fibrosis of diabetic rats
Authors: Jihua Chen , Cai Chen , Xubin Bao , Yue Yu
Published: November 2019

Objective

To investigate the effects and mechanisms of dexmedetomidine (Dex) on model rats of diabetic nephropathy (DN).

Methods

Rats were divided into NC, model, Dex-L (1μg/ kg), Dex-M (5μg/kg) and Dex-H (10μg/kg) groups. Rats in all groups except in the NC group were injected with streptozotocin (STZ) combined with right nephrectomy. Rats in Dex (1, 5 and 10μg/kg) groups received gavage with Dex (1, 5 and 10μg/kg). After 4 weeks, rats were sacrificed and kidneys were collected. HE staining was performed for a renal injury. Masson staining was applied to detect the fibrotic accumulation in rat kidney. Radioimmunoassay was used to test the renal function. Immunohistochemical method was used to detect protein expressions of RhoA, p-MYPT and Nox4 in rat kidney.

Results

Compared with the NC group, the levels of urine microalbumin in protein, α1-MG and β2-MG, renal fibrotic accumulation, RhoA, p-MYPT, Nox4 and α-SMA in model group increased significantly (P＜0.001, respectively). Compared with the model group, Dex low, medium and high groups improved the deposition of renal fiber in rats, inhibited the expression levels of microalbumin, α1-MG and β2-MG in urine and decreased expression of RhoA, p-MYPT, Nox4 and α-SMA proteins (P＜0.05, P＜0.01).

Conclusion

Dex is possible to inhibit the expression of α-SMA and renal fibrous substance deposition in rat kidney via RhoA/ROCK/Nox4 signaling pathway, thereby reducing early kidney damage in model rats.
Investigation of the aromaticity of mono, di, tri and tetraazaphenanthrene derivatives
Authors: Öztürk Erhan , Turhan İrak Zeynep , Karakoyun Necdet , Gümüş Ayşegül , Gümüş Selçuk
Published: November 2019

In this chapter mono, di, tri and tetraaza substituted phenanthrene derivatives have been investigated computationally with B3LYP/6-31 + G(d,p) level of theory. Substitution of carbon atom of the main structure with nitrogen obviously disturbs the aromaticity, indeed it decreases it. Thus, the idea of regaining of the aromaticity back by using electron withdrawing groups came across. As a result of the computational calculations, energetically most unfavored structures have been found to be those where aza substitutiona are vicinal. Secondly, the aromaticities of the present species depend on the position of the centric substituent. In addition, the effect position of the side substituent has been considered. The system becomes more aromatic (possess greater negative NICS values or smaller HOMA value) when the electron withdrawing atoms or groups are adjacent to the centrically substituted heteroatoms.
Lehren aus deutschen Krisenengagements gibt es reichlich – aber auch Lernfortschritte?
Authors: Nachtwei Winfried
Published: November 2019

Vor dem Hintergrund seiner langjährigen parlamentarischen Mitverantwortung für die Auslandseinsätze der Bundeswehr benennt der Autor wesentliche Lehren aus den deutschen Schwerpunktengagements auf dem Balkan und in Afghanistan. Bundesregierung und Bundestag als politische Auftraggeber verweigerten bisher eine umfassende, systematische und ressortgemeinsame Bilanzierung der deutschen Beteiligungen an internationalen Kriseneinsätzen. Dennoch gab es auf Seiten der Bundesregierung auf politisch-strategischer und operativer Ebene Lernfortschritte. Der Autor untersucht sie im Hinblick auf die Ziel- und Auftragsbestimmung, Fähigkeiten und Instrumente, Kohärenz und vernetztes Handeln, Einsatzkontrolle, -auswertung und Evaluation sowie die öffentliche Kommunikation und Wahrnehmung von Krisenengagements. Zusammengefasst kommt es entscheidend darauf an, viel solider, institutionalisierter und schneller zu lernen, um gegenüber der Häufung von Krisen schneller besser zu werden.
Always the bridesmaid, never the bride?: Legislating in English and Welsh
Authors: Crowe Richard M
Published: November 2019

Welsh has official status in Wales, where it is spoken by approximately 20 % of the population. All adult speakers of Welsh are also able to speak English. The National Assembly for Wales and the Welsh Ministers legislate in both Welsh and English. The Government of Wales Act 2006 provides that the English and Welsh texts of any Act of the Assembly or any subordinate legislation enacted or made in both English and Welsh are to be treated, for all purposes, as being of equal standing.

This paper examines the role legislating bilingually plays in confirming the official status of the Welsh language; how the bilingual texts are produced by a process of collaborative translation within an administration where English is the dominant working language; how they are scrutinised by a legislature where legislators are free to use either or both languages, but where, in practice, English dominates; and how they are promulgated in both languages in the form in which they are enacted or made, but only routinely updated in English. It further considers what the principle of ‘equal standing’ may mean and how effect may be given to it; how these bilingual texts may be interpreted by the public and the legal profession, domains in which English dominates; and what implications the production, scrutiny, promulgation and interpretation of bilingual legislation have for the accessibility of the law in Wales.
An sRNA Screen for Reversal of Quinolone Resistance in Escherichia coli
Authors: Bhatnagar Kamya , Hinz Aaron , Kohlman Melissa , Wong Alex
Published: November 2019

In light of the rising prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and the slow pace of new antimicrobial development, there has been increasing interest in the development of adjuvants that improve or restore the effectiveness of existing drugs. Here, we use a novel small RNA (sRNA) screening approach to identify genes whose knockdown increases ciprofloxacin (CIP) sensitivity in a resistant strain of Escherichia coli. 5000 sRNA constructs were initially screened on a gyrA S83L background, ultimately leading to 30 validated genes whose disruption reduces CIP resistance. This set includes genes involved in DNA replication, repair, recombination, efflux, and other regulatory systems. Our findings increase understanding of the functional interactions of DNA Gyrase, and may aid in the development of new therapeutic approaches for combating AMR.
Steuerung plattformbasierter Geschäftsmodelle
Authors: Seiter Mischa , Autenrieth Philip
Published: November 2019

Digitale Plattformen veränderten viele Branchen bereits grundlegend. Die produzierende Industrie steht noch am Beginn dieser Transformation. Gegenwärtig erweitern viele Unternehmen ihre Geschäftsmodelle durch die Nutzung oder Gründung digitaler Plattformen. Diese Hybridisierung verändern die Wertschöpfungsprozesse, sodass eine Anpassung der betriebswirtschaftlichen Steuerung notwendig wird.
Digitale Transformation des Performance Managements: Zielbild und aktuelle Initiativen
Authors: Alexander Svatopluk , Tiefenbeck Frank , Sabirzyanova Nailya
Published: November 2019

Im Rahmen der digitalen Transformation werden mit Hilfe von Sensorik und Internet of Things (IoT) stetig große Datenmengen erzeugt. In Verbindung mit Technologien, wie Künstliche Intelligenz, Robotik, Cloud Computing, Augmented & Virtual Reality, Methoden, wie Data und Process Mining, Machine und Deep Learning und Natural-Language Processing, sowie innovativen IT-Lösungen, wie Data Lakes und BI, ermöglichen sie ein stärker zukunftsorientiertes Performance Management von Unternehmen. Dabei ergeben sich vielfältige Möglichkeiten und Herausforderungen entlang der drei Phasen des Performance Management Zyklus. Im vorliegenden Artikel werden für jede der drei Phasen des Performance Managements (1) Daten aufbereiten, (2) Daten modellieren und analysieren sowie (3) Entscheidungsträger unterstützen ein Zielbild sowie der derzeitige Stand der Entwicklung anhand von aktuellen Initiativen in der Praxis beschrieben.
Betriebswirtschaftliche Planung und Steuerung der Green Cruising-Strategie bei AIDA Cruises
Authors: Arnaout Ali
Published: November 2019

Auf Green Cruising folgt Green Controlling. AIDA Cruises ist als Marktführer bestrebt, die Nachhaltigkeit in der Kreuzfahrtindustrie langfristig durch zahlreiche Projekte zu fördern und zu etablieren. Beispielsweise investiert AIDA Cruises in die Ausstattung der Flotte mit Landstromanschlüssen oder führte erfolgreich das erste Kreuzfahrtschiff ein, das vollständig mit umweltschonendem LNG betrieben werden kann. In dieser Zielstellung, die fest in der Unternehmensstrategie verankert ist, nimmt das Controlling eine wesentliche Stellung ein.
Business Ecosystems, Platform Ecosystems und Innovation Ecosystems
Authors: Kastl Pia
Published: November 2019

In Forschung und Praxis ist immer häufiger die Rede von Ecosystems. Vorherrschend sind dabei insbesondere die Konzepte des Business Ecosystem, Platform Ecosystem und Innovation Ecosystem. Eine trennscharfe Differenzierung zwischen diesen Konzepten fehlt bisher. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, Definitionen von Ecosystems abzugrenzen sowie Eigenschaften und Differenzen der verschiedenen Arten gegenüberzustellen.
Global informatization and autonomy of workers engaged in mental work in Ukraine
Authors: Reznik Oleksandr
Published: November 2019

The paper deals with hypothesis for probable socio-economic, professional-educational, information-technological and personal-innovational preconditions of employee’s autonomy in Ukraine under global informatization.
This hypothesis correctness is confirmed to a considerable extent by its empirical testing with the use of the model of multiple linear regression. It is established that socio-economic predetermining of employees’ autonomy prevails in the contemporary Ukrainian society.