bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How do we measure up? A comparison of lifestyle-related health risk factors among sampled employees in South African and UK companies
Authors: Milner Karen , da Silva Roseanne , Patel Deepak , Salau Sulaiman
Published: July 2016

The need to address the growing prevalence of non-communicable diseases through changing the lifestyle behaviours that contribute to them has become a global priority. Settings-based health promotion strategies such as workplace health promotion programmes are growing in an attempt to start meeting this need. In order for settings-based health promotion programmes to be successful, they need to be based on the specific risk profiles of the population for whom they are designed. Workplace health promotion programmes are becoming popular in South Africa, but there are currently few data available about the health risks and lifestyle behaviours of the South African employed population. In order to obtain such data and reward workplace health promotion initiatives, Discovery Health initiated healthy company campaigns in South Africa and the UK. These campaigns took the form of a competition to assess the healthiest companies in each country. Through these campaigns, an extensive data set was collected encompassing UK and South African employees’ lifestyle behaviours and health risks. In this article, we used these data to compare self-reported physical activity levels, self-reported fruit and vegetable consumption, calculated BMI, self-reported smoking, mental health indicators, and health screening status of the UK and South African employee samples. We found significant differences across all measures, with the exception of self-reported fruit and vegetable consumption. The findings emphasise the importance of using local data to tailor workplace health promotion programmes for the population for which the programmes have been designed.
Crowdsourcing for self-monitoring: Using the Traffic Light Diet and crowdsourcing to provide dietary feedback
Authors: Turner-McGrievy Gabrielle M , Wilcox Sara , Kaczynski Andrew T , Spruijt-Metz Donna , Hutto Brent E , Muth Eric R , Hoover Adam
Published: July 2016

Background

Smartphone photography and crowdsourcing feedback could reduce participant burden for dietary self-monitoring.

Objectives

To assess if untrained individuals can accurately crowdsource diet quality ratings of food photos using the Traffic Light Diet (TLD) approach.

Methods

Participants were recruited via Amazon Mechanical Turk and read a one-page description on the TLD. The study examined the participant accuracy score (total number of correctly categorized foods as red, yellow, or green per person), the food accuracy score (accuracy by which each food was categorized), and if the accuracy of ratings increased when more users were included in the crowdsourcing. For each of a range of possible crowd sizes ( n = 15, n = 30, etc.), 10,000 bootstrap samples were drawn and a 95% confidence interval (CI) for accuracy constructed using the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles.

Results

Participants ( n = 75; body mass index 28.0 ± 7.5; age 36 ± 11; 59% attempting weight loss) rated 10 foods as red, yellow, or green. Raters demonstrated high red/yellow/green accuracy (>75%) examining all foods. Mean accuracy score per participant was 77.6 ± 14.0%. Individual photos were rated accurately the majority of the time (range = 50%–100%). There was little variation in the 95% CI for each of the five different crowd sizes, indicating that large numbers of individuals may not be needed to accurately crowdsource foods.

Conclusions

Nutrition-novice users can be trained easily to rate foods using the TLD. Since feedback from crowdsourcing relies on the agreement of the majority, this method holds promise as a low-burden approach to providing diet-quality feedback.
Attentional Bias Dynamics and Posttraumatic Stress in Survivors of Violent Conflict and Atrocities
Authors: Yuval Kim , Zvielli Ariel , Bernstein Amit
Published: July 2016

Survivors of violent conflict and atrocities, forcibly displaced persons (FDPs) are at risk for trauma-related mental health problems. Experimental clinical research key to the development of interventions tailored to FDPs is limited. We examined relations among attentional bias (AB) to trauma cues, posttraumatic stress symptom (PTS) severity, and behavioral avoidance of exposure to trauma-related stimuli. A total of 110 Sudanese male asylum seekers (age M = 32.7, SD = 6.5) were recruited from the community in Israel. AB temporal dynamics significantly predicted levels of PTS as well as behavioral avoidance of exposure to trauma stimuli specifically. No effects were observed when AB was quantified traditionally as an aggregated mean representing a static trait. Findings demonstrate the potential role of AB dynamics in PTS among FDPs, help disambiguate extant mixed findings between AB and PTS, and suggest that cognitive bias modification targeting AB dynamics may be a promising new direction for FDP mental health research.
Oxidative modifications of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase regulate metabolic reprogramming of stored red blood cells
Authors: Reisz Julie A. , Wither Matthew J. , Dzieciatkowska Monika , Nemkov Travis , Issaian Aaron , Yoshida Tatsuro , Dunham Andrew J. , Hill Ryan C. , Hansen Kirk C. , D’Alessandro Angelo
Published: July 2016

Key Points

Reversible oxidation of GAPDH promotes metabolic reprogramming of stored RBCs, as gleaned through tracing with 13C1,2,3-glucose. Storage-induced redox imbalance promotes vesiculation of irreversibly oxidized GAPDH, as determined through switch-tag redox proteomics.
Platelet lysate as a substitute for animal serum for the ex-vivo expansion of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells: present and future
Authors: Astori Giuseppe , Amati Eliana , Bambi Franco , Bernardi Martina , Chieregato Katia , Schäfer Richard , Sella Sabrina , Rodeghiero Francesco
Published: July 2016

The use of fetal bovine serum (FBS) as a cell culture supplement is discouraged by regulatory authorities to limit the risk of zoonoses and xenogeneic immune reactions in the transplanted host. Additionally, FBS production came under scrutiny due to animal welfare concerns. Platelet derivatives have been proposed as FBS substitutes for the ex-vivo expansion of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) since platelet-derived growth factors can promote MSC ex-vivo expansion. Platelet-derived growth factors are present in platelet lysate (PL) obtained after repeated freezing–thawing cycles of the platelet-rich plasma or by applying physiological stimuli such as thrombin or CaCl2.

PL-expanded MSCs have been used already in the clinic, taking advantage of their faster proliferation compared with FBS-expanded preparations. Should PL be applied to other biopharmaceutical products, its demand is likely to increase dramatically. The use of fresh platelet units for the production of PL raises concerns due to limited availability of platelet donors. Expired units might represent an alternative, but further data are needed to define safety, including pathogen reduction, and functionality of the obtained PL. In addition, relevant questions concerning the definition of PL release criteria, including concentration ranges of specific growth factors in PL batches for various clinical indications, also need to be addressed. We are still far from a common definition of PL and standardized PL manufacture due to our limited knowledge of the mechanisms that mediate PL-promoting cell growth. Here, we concisely discuss aspects of PL as MSC culture supplement as a preliminary step towards an agreed definition of the required characteristics of PL for the requirements of manufacturers and users.
Willingness to Participate in a Randomized Trial Comparing Catheters to Fistulas for Vascular Access in Incident Hemodialysis Patients: An International Survey of Nephrologists
Authors: Poinen Krishna , Oliver Matthew J. , Ravani Pietro , Van der Veer Sabine N. , Jager Kitty J. , Van Biesen Wim , Polkinghorne Kevan R. , Rosenfeld Aviva , Lewin Adriane M. , Dulai Mandeep , Quinn Robert R.
Published: July 2016

Background:

Current guidelines favor fistulas over catheters as vascular access. Yet, the observational literature comparing fistulas to catheters has important limitations and biases that may be difficult to overcome in the absence of randomization. However, it is not clear if physicians would be willing to participate in a clinical trial comparing fistulas to catheters.

Objectives:

We also sought to elicit participants' opinions on willingness to participate in a future trial regarding catheters and fistulas.

Design:

We created a three-part survey consisting of 19 questions. We collected demographic information, respondents' knowledge of the vascular access literature, appropriateness of current guideline recommendations, and their willingness to participate in a future trial.

Setting:

Participants were recruited from Canada, Europe, Australia, and New Zealand.

Participants:

Participants include physicians and trainees who are involved in the care of end-stage renal disease patients requiring vascular access.

Measurements:

Descriptive statistics were used to describe baseline characteristics of respondents according to geographic location. We used logistic regression to model willingness to participate in a future trial.

Methods:

We surveyed nephrologists from Canada, Europe, Australia, and New Zealand to assess their willingness to participate in a randomized trial comparing fistulas to catheters in incident hemodialysis patients.

Results:

Our results show that in Canada, 86 % of respondents were willing to participate in a trial (32 % in all patients; 54 % only in patients at high risk of primary failure). In Europe and Australia/New Zealand, the willingness to participate in a trial that included all patients was lower (28 % in Europe; 25 % in Australia/New Zealand), as was a trial that included patients at high risk of primary failure (38 % in Europe; 39 % in Australia/New Zealand). Nephrologists who have been in practice for a few years, saw a larger volume of patients, or self-identified as experts in vascular access literature were more likely to participate in a trial. (Continued on next page)

Limitations:

Survey distribution was limited to vascular access experts in participating European countries and ultimately led to a discrepancy in numbers of European to non-European respondents overall. Canadian views are likely over-represented in the overall outcomes.

Conclusions:

Our survey results suggest that nephrologists believe there is equipoise surrounding the optimal vascular access strategy and that a randomized controlled study should be undertaken, but restricted to those individuals with a high risk of primary fistula failure.
Recognizing IgG4-Related Tubulointerstitial Nephritis
Authors: Mann Shawna , Seidman Michael A. , Barbour Sean J. , Levin Adeera , Carruthers Mollie , Chen Luke Y. C.
Published: July 2016

Purpose of the review:

Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a systemic fibroinflammatory disorder affecting nearly all organs, including the kidney. Tubulointerstitial nephritis (IgG4-TIN) is the most common form of IgG4-related kidney disease (IgG4-RKD) and is the focus of this concise review.

Objective:

The study aims to describe when IgG4-TIN should be suspected and to summarize the diagnosis, treatment, and natural history of the disease.

Sources of information:

Ovid MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and PubMed were searched for full-text English language articles up to January 2016. References included in the manuscript were chosen at the authors' discretion based on their relevance to the subject of the review.

Findings:

IgG4-TIN should be considered in patients presenting with abnormal urinalysis, abnormal kidney function, renal lesions on imaging, and elevated IgG, IgE, or hypocomplementemia. Diagnosis of IgG4-TIN requires a combination of histologic features (plasma cell-enriched TIN with >10 IgG4+ plasma cells/hpf, +/– TBM immune complex deposits in many cases) and at least one of the following: – Characteristic radiologic findings (small peripheral low-attenuation cortical nodules, round or wedge-shaped lesions, or diffuse patchy involvement) – Elevated serum IgG4 level – Characteristic findings of IgG4-RD in other organs Other conditions such as lupus, vasculitis, diabetic nephropathy, and lymphoma must be excluded, as these can also present with IgG4+ plasma cells in the renal parenchyma. IgG4-TIN is generally responsive to steroids and B cell depletion with rituximab, but relapses are common and patients require close long-term follow-up.

Limitations:

Available data on IgG4-TIN are from retrospective observational studies.

Implications:

IgG4-TIN is a distinct and emerging subtype of interstitial nephritis. Nephrologists must be aware of this entity and how to definitively diagnose and treat it. Prospective studies and ideally multi-center clinical trials are needed to study the epidemiology, treatment, and natural history of this disease.
Class 3 semaphorins induce F-actin reorganization in human dendritic cells: Role in cell migration
Authors: Curreli Sabrina , Wong Bin Sheng , Latinovic Olga , Konstantopoulos Konstantinos , Stamatos Nicholas M
Published: July 2016

Class 3 semaphorins (Semas) are soluble proteins that are well recognized for their role in guiding axonal migration during neuronal development. In the immune system, Sema3A has been shown to influence murine dendritic cell (DC) migration by signaling through a neuropilin (NRP)-1/plexin-A1 coreceptor axis. Potential roles for class 3 Semas in human DCs have yet to be described. We tested the hypothesis that Sema3A, -3C, and -3F, each with a unique NRP-1 and/or NRP-2 binding specificity, influence human DC migration. In this report, we find that although NRP-1 and NRP-2 are expressed in human immature DCs (imDCs), NRP-2 expression increases as cells mature further, whereas expression of NRP-1 declines dramatically. Elevated levels of RNA encoding plexin-A1 and -A3 are present in both imDCs and mature DC (mDCs), supporting the relevance of Sema/NRP/plexin signaling pathways in these cells. Sema3A, -3C, and -3F bind to human DCs, with Sema3F binding predominantly through NRP-2. The binding of these Semas leads to reorganization of actin filaments at the plasma membrane and increased transwell migration in the absence or presence of chemokine CCL19. Microfluidic chamber assays failed to demonstrate consistent changes in speed of Sema3C-treated DCs, suggesting increased cell deformability as a possible explanation for enhanced transwell migration. Although monocytes express RNA encoding Sema3A, -3C, and -3F, only RNA encoding Sema3C increases robustly during DC differentiation. These data suggest that Sema3A, -3C, and -3F, likely with coreceptors NRP-1, NRP-2, and plexin-A1 and/or -A3, promote migration and possibly other activities of human DCs during innate and adaptive immune responses.
CFTR targeting during activation of human neutrophils
Authors: Ng Hang Pong , Valentine Vincent G , Wang Guoshun
Published: July 2016

Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a cAMP-activated chloride channel, plays critical roles in phagocytic host defense. However, how activated neutrophils regulate CFTR channel distribution subcellularly is not well defined. To investigate, we tested multiple Abs against different CFTR domains, to examine CFTR expression in human peripheral blood neutrophils by flow cytometry. The data confirmed that resting neutrophils had pronounced CFTR expression. Activation of neutrophils with soluble or particulate agonists did not significantly increase CFTR expression level, but induced CFTR redistribution to cell surface. Such CFTR mobilization correlated with cell-surface recruitment of formyl-peptide receptor during secretory vesicle exocytosis. Intriguingly, neutrophils from patients with ΔF508-CF, despite expression of the mutant CFTR, showed little cell-surface mobilization upon stimulation. Although normal neutrophils effectively targeted CFTR to their phagosomes, ΔF508-CF neutrophils had impairment in that process, resulting in deficient hypochlorous acid production. Taken together, activated neutrophils regulate CFTR distribution by targeting this chloride channel to the subcellular sites of activation, and ΔF508-CF neutrophils fail to achieve such targeting, thus undermining their host defense function.
Patient safety in acute care: are we going around in circles?
Authors: Waldie James , Day Tina , Tee Stephen
Published: July 2016

This article provides a critical discussion examining why adult patients continue to unnecessarily deteriorate and die despite repeated healthcare policy initiatives. After considering the policy background and reviewing current trends in the data, it proposes some solutions that, if enacted, would, the authors believe, have a direct impact on survival rates. Health professionals working in hospitals are failing to recognise signs of physiological deterioration. As a result, adult patients are dying unnecessarily, estimated to be in the region of 1000 a month. This is despite international healthcare policy requiring practitioners to be appropriately trained to recognise the deteriorating adult patient and to intervene. A literature review centred on health policy for England from 1999 to 2015 was undertaken, with reference to international policy and practice. This article also draws on the authors' combined clinical experience, which is underpinned by relevant research and theory. The implications for nursing could be significant. Change is urgently required otherwise people will continue to die unnecessarily. Health professionals, healthcare organisations and international governments working together can prevent unnecessary deaths from happening within acute hospitals.
Support for nurses: paying it forward
Authors: Kahn Sarah
Published: July 2016

Sarah Kahn, Deputy Editor, BJN, speaks to Joan Pons Laplana who was awarded third place at this year's BJN Awards for Nurse of the Year. Joan had not wanted to become a nurse, but by sheer luck (realised in retrospect) that is what he ended up doing. Today, he uses his motivation to raise funds and share nursing knowledge
Safeguarding research participants who lack decision-making capacity
Authors: Griffith Richard
Published: July 2016

Richard Griffith outlines the requirements that must be met when conducting research with participants who lack decision-making capacity. What legal and ethical issues must researchers bear in mind?
Ensuring optimal health care for LGBT patients
Authors: Glasper Alan
Published: July 2016

Emeritus Professor Alan Glasper, from the University of Southampton, discusses a Royal College of Nursing policy that highlights the complexities of providing high-quality and non-discriminatory health care
Do you connect?
Authors: Bissett Julie
Published: July 2016

Social media – is a boon or a bane? Julie Bissett considers the pros and cons of an online presence
The world is your oyster
Authors: Horton Laura
Published: July 2016

Laura Horton lives and breathes dentistry. Celebrating 20 years in the industry, she believes the sky is the limit for those dental nurses wishing to expand their horizons. She talks to Julie Bissett
What is a vulnerable adult?
Authors: Wake Charlotte
Published: July 2016

Charlotte Wake considers the important role you have regarding safeguarding
A dental nurse's role in risk management
Authors: Hancock Dave
Published: July 2016

As a GDC registrant, you must raise concerns if patients are at risk but how do you know? Dave Hancock has some suggestions
Managing dental anxiety
Authors: Daly Alex
Published: July 2016

Alex Daly takes a look at practice-based and non-pharmacological strategies for handling patients with dental fear
Effective barriers
Authors: Talati Shilla
Published: July 2016

Shilla Talati considers the all-essential Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
The future is bright for british breeding
Authors: Berendt Tilly
Published: July 2016

Tilly Berendt reflects on the last ten years of the British Equestrian Federation Futurity evaluation system and, the more recent addition of the Futurity Equine Bridge
First aid for the lame horse
Authors: Berryman Nicola
Published: July 2016

Redwings Welfare Veterinary Surgeon Nicola Berryman continues her horse owners guide on what to do when faced with an equine emergency
Wearables: Tech/Fashion; Masculine/Feminine
Authors: Schroeder Jeanne L.
Published: July 2016

Wearable technology is supposedly the next big thing. Nevertheless, half of Americans who purchase wearable devices abandon them within six months. I make two observations. First, the technology industry has a woman problem: it is so overwhelmingly male as to suggest institutional misogyny. Second, it has a fashion problem: tech leaders present an image not merely of non-fashion, but anti-fashion. I suggest these two are closely linked to its failure to convince the general public that it wants to wear technology.

Fashion is often disparaged as frivolous, largely because it is (correctly) identified as feminine. However, speculative theory argues that the function of fashion is not merely to express, but to help create personality. It is part of what makes us human.

Relying on Hegelian philosophy, this article explores the parallel roles of law and fashion in creating subjectivity. It then turns to Lacan’s theory of sexuation to suggest one reason for wearable technology’s mixed showing to date. Because the Lacanian subject is always sexuated, wearable technology will not succeed as a consumer product until it is designed from the feminine position – not as technology that can be worn, but as fashion that contains technology.
A typology of fashion violence
Authors: Von Busch Otto , Bjereld Ylva
Published: July 2016

In the study of fashion there is a temptation to privilege the experience of seduction, glamour and empowerment of individuals, or the representation of cultural values through dress. But fashion also has a propensity for narcissism (self-satisfaction) and the potential for this self-satisfaction to be achieved through the harassment and degradation of others. In this article, fashion is examined as an everyday site for establishing social distinctions, where violence in the form of microaggressions and bullying is masked by the apparent superficially and innocuousness of clothing.

The aim is to demonstrate how fashion is implicated in the three levels of everyday violence identified by Galtung (1990) in his typography of violence. The article takes examples from the cultural realm of fashion and a set of interviews with young people who experienced bullying because of their clothes. The examples are applied to Galtung’s model to produce a typology of fashion violence.
PROPOSTA DE MENSURAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DOS SERVIÇOS DA HOTELARIA NO CHUÍ, RS, BRASIL
Authors: Silvera Silvia Cecilia Pino , De Lima Pereira Melise
Published: July 2016

O presente trabalho é uma proposta de avaliação da qualidade dos serviços hoteleiros na cidade do Chuí, RS, Brasil. O objetivo geral é mensurar a qualidade dos serviços da hotelaria na cidade do Chuí, buscando analisar as diferenças existentes (lacunas), através da aplicação do modelo SERVQUAL, entre o que os clientes pretendem e o que eles recebem ao consumir tais serviços. Em termos metodológicos a pesquisa caracteriza-se por ser exploratória e descritiva. O item menos avaliado foi o item segurança, e o melhor avaliado ficou com o item confiabilidade. Notou-se que em nenhuma das dimensões os clientes alcançaram suas expectativas de satisfação, demonstrando o nível de exigência desses consumidores e os pontos em que a empresa deve ter mais atenção.Desta maneira, fica demonstrado que os hotéis devem realizar estas pesquisas habitualmente junto aos clientes, pois eles têm muito a colaborar para alcançar a qualidade ideal do serviço.Palavras-chave: Marketing; Hospedagem; Qualidade dos serviços.
COMPETITIVIDADE NA DESTINAÇÃO TURÍSTICA: ANÁLISE DO DESEMPENHO REAL FRENTE AO DESEMPENHO PERCEBIDO PELOS GESTORES
Authors: Vianna Silvio Luiz Gonçalves , Anjos Sara Joana Gadotti dos , Anjos Francisco Antônio dos
Published: July 2016

O estudo da competitividade das destinações turísticas tornou-se freqüente junto à pesquisadores que buscam o entendimento de como esse fenômeno se desenvolve e porque algumas destinações alcançam resultados mais significativos do que outras que possuem atrativos mais interessantes. Grande parte das pesquisas tem por finalidade verificar o que uma destinação possui para torná-la mais desejada do que suas concorrentes, entendendo que a competitividade é um objetivo final a ser alcançado. Neste estudo tem-se por objetivo a análise do desempenho competitivo real de uma destinação em relação à percepção dos gestores que atuam no comando dos empreendimentos existentes na área deturismo. Para alcançar este intento foi utilizado como base o conjunto de indicadores de competitividade propostos por Dwyer e Kim (2003) em seu modelo voltado à análise da competitividade de destinações turísticas. Como universo de pesquisa optou-se por um estudo de caso múltiplo envolvendo três municípios catarinenses, nos quais o turismo pode ser considerado como a atividade econômica de maior importância dentro dacomposição do PIB de serviços. A abordagem do estudo foi quantitativa, utilizando-se de uma pesquisa do tipo exploratória, que envolveu alguns aspectos descritivos para melhor analisar os indicadores envolvidos. Dentre as principais conclusões do trabalho é possível destacar a existência de correspondência entre o desempenho competitivo real da destinação e a percepção do mesmo pelos gestores entrevistados. Essa constatação permite que sejam definidas ações concretas por parte dopoder público para melhorar o desempenho de uma destinação turística a partir de um levantamento feito junto aos gestores da iniciativa privada que mostre em que pontos os investimentos serão melhor aproveitados.Palavras-chave: Turismo. Competitividade das Destinações Turísticas. Indicadores de Desempenho. Políticas Públicas.
TURISMO DE NEGÓCIOS: UM ESTUDO DE CASO SOBRE A INFLUÊNCIA DO RESTAURANTE EM NEGÓCIOS INTERNACIONAIS
Authors: Fernandes Vinícius Val Gonçalves Cordeiro , Mello Cláudia Cristina Martins de , Camargo Andyara Lena Paiva de Barros
Published: July 2016

O problema encontrado pelos autores apresentou-se na seguinte forma: A hospitalidade dos restaurantes influencia nas contratações de negócios internacionais? Partindo da referente pergunta, objetivou-se compreender a relevância da hospitalidade dos restaurantes na contratação de negócios envolvendo turistas internacionais. Também se entendeu necessário a compreensão de três objetivos específicos; Foi observada a importância da ambientação dos restaurantes, capacidade de adequação física e de cardápio por parte dos restaurantes e a viabilidade de atendentes que possam atender o turista em seu idioma natal. As hipóteses exploradas foram (H1) os restaurantes influenciam a favor da assinatura de negócios internacionais;(H2) os restaurantes não possuem relevância como local para negociações internacionais. Na coleta de dados foi feita uma pesquisa exploratória utilizando método de observação direto, um levantamento bibliográfico respaldado no protocolo de estudo de casode Yin (2001), sendo também aplicadas entrevistas semiestruturadas. Foram obtidas respostas positivas à influência dos restaurantes, demonstrando a capacidade de atuação da comensalidade como fator denegociação entre os turistas de negócios. Outro importante dado observado foi o aumento de confiança proporcionado ao anfitrião quandoeste recebe seu convidado, no restaurante que costumeiramente frequentaPalavras-Chave: Turismo de Negócios; Gastronomia; Comensalidade; Hospitalidade;
O USO DE TECNOLOGIAS EM MUSEUS E CENTROS DE VISITANTES: ESTUDO DE CASO DO CENTRO DE VISITANTES DO PROJETO TAMAR DE FERNANDO DE NORONHA – PE
Authors: Vale Tatiane Ferrari do , Robles Rafael Azevedo , Moreira Jasmine Cardozo
Published: July 2016

O projeto TAMAR é uma iniciativa pioneira no Brasil na conservação das tartarugas marinhas, e em 1984 se instalou em Fernando de Noronha (PE) buscando protegê-las. Com base na premissa da melhoria de serviços prestados, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa buscando conhecer a opinião dos entrevistados quanto aos aspectos da interpretação e os serviços prestados pelo Centro de Visitantes (CV) do Projeto Tamar/ICMBio em Fernando de Noronha. Para isso, utilizou-se a pesquisa descritiva e observação in loco, e como aporte teórico a pesquisa bibliográfica. Foram entrevistados visitantes no CV e uma das principais constatações foi a de que 80% dos entrevistados ainda preferem uma palestra tradicional a um vídeo em 3D. Com base nesse resultado, conclui-se que os turistas desejam novas tecnologias, no entanto não abrem mão da interpretaçãoambiental personalizada, realizada por meio das palestras. Descobrir o limite que tange o uso de tecnologias e a ausência de interpretes é um dos maiores desafios atuais dos museus e centros de visitantes.Palavras-chave: Projeto Tamar. Fernando de Noronha. Novas Tecnologias.
Musealia – an artistic and documentary research project
Authors: Suter Ulrich , Wechner Michael , Eichenberger Titus
Published: July 2016

Musealia (www.musealia.org) is a democratic long-term art archive and research project. Each year artists around the world will upload to Musealia their most important work of the previous year as digital file.

The non-profit project is set up to last for generations and shall provide an extended overview and documentation of the development of art worldwide. The project was started initially in Switzerland and is now extended to all other countries. Several hundred artists are currently participating every year.
Validation of Sinus Filter Choke Temperature Model
Authors: Kořínek Jan
Published: July 2016

This article discusses the relationship between the losses of a sinus filter choke. Its influence on the loaded sinus filter temperature field distribution within and on the surface, verification of these performance and temperature relationships. It includes three-dimensional transient finite element analysis (FEA) of the sinus filter choke temperature conditions based on a mathematical description of the conduction, free convection and losses and describing temperature field validation methodology. In addition, there is shown mutual evaluation of the validation measurement and FEA simulation. Finally, there are outlined further options for the future optimisation of the sinus filter choke thermal simulation.
Regional-Local Executive Branch Conflict in El’tsin’s Russia: the role of boundary control in Sverdlovsk Oblast
Authors: Carter Tom
Published: July 2016

Download this article from UCL Discovery.
Conflicts between regional executive leaders and the executive heads of regional capital cities were a frequent occurrence in El’tsin’s Russia, and were consequences of the rapid decentralization of power that occurred in the first half of the 1990s. This article focuses on the political competition that emerged in Sverdlovsk Oblast between the regional governor Eduard Rossel’ and his counterpart at the local level, Ekaterinburg Mayor Arkadii Chernetskii. It evaluates the key network relationships held by these two actors during the 1990s, and asks how these networks influenced the balance of regional power prior to the federal recentralisation processes of the 2000s. The article applies the strategy of boundary control, as previously applied by Edward Gibson to the study of subnational regional regimes in Latin America under conditions of national democratization;1 in so doing, it considers Rossel’’s hold over regional power as being determined by his approach to representing regional elite interests, both political and economic, which thereby insulated his power from challengers.
Education in Eastern Europe and Eurasia, by Nadia Invanenko
Authors: Nicholson Lisa
Published: July 2016

To read this review, please click here.
Urban Agriculture: Passing Fad or New Prospects for Agriculture and Cities?
Authors: Moschitz Heidrun , Kueffer Christoph
Published: July 2016

While urban agriculture might be considered a passing fad, we argue that it is a vehicle to deal with many urgent topics of societal transformation towards a sustainable future. We discuss the potential of urban agriculture to change agriculture and urban life.
Co-design und co-production im Reallabor Wissensdialog Nordschwarzwald
Authors: Rhodius Regina , Bachinger Monika , Pregernig Michael , Koch Barbara
Published: July 2016

Das Reallabor Wissensdialog Nordschwarzwald ist mit dem neuen Nationalpark Schwarzwald eng verknüpft. Das Reallaborteam erarbeitet mit den Akteuren vor Ort Chancen, die der Nationalpark für die nachhaltige Entwicklung der Region bietet, und berichtet hier von den Erkenntnisgewinnen
während des ersten Jahrs ,,im Labor“.
DGH international ‐ Sommeruniversität 2016 und SHE-Konferenzen
Authors: Serbser Wolfgang H.
Published: July 2016

Die zweite Sommeruniversität der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Humanökologie (DGH) zieht rund um den Globus Teilnehmende an. Und im Rahmen der Society of Human Ecology (SHE) pflegt die DGH gezielt internationale Kontakte. Diese konsequente Internationalisierung ist nicht
nur zeitgemäß, sondern auch von zentraler Bedeutung für die Zukunft der DGH.
Folgen von Fracking: Ein neuer Schub der Landschaftsfragmentierung ist zu erwarten
Authors: Walz Ulrich , Jaeger Jochen
Published: July 2016

Mit Fracking greift der Mensch erheblich in die Landschaft ein, vor allem in dicht besiedelten Ländern wie Deutschland. So trägt der Flächenbedarf der unkonventionellen Erdgas- und Erdölförderung stark zur Landschaftsfragmentierung und -zerschneidung bei ‐
mit negativen Folgen für Pflanzen- und Tierpopulationen. Zudem konkurriert Fracking mit anderen Landnutzungen wie der Landwirtschaft und dem Naturschutz. Bei der Prüfung der Genehmigungsfähigkeit von Fracking müssen die Folgen für die Landschaft künftig dringend
einbezogen werden.
PENINGKATAN KINERJA DAN KESELAMATAN PERSIMPANGAN DI KAWASAN PUSAT KOTA MALANG
Authors: Agustin Imma Widyawati
Published: July 2016

The needs of transportation is increasing following the urban area development. When the transport demands is higher than available transport infrastructure, the effect will be some problem such as traffic jam, accident, delay, noise and air pollution. The main purpose of the research is to improve the performance and the safety level of intersection in the city centre of Malang. The research used street performance analysis based on Indonesian Highway Capasity Manual with three steps: first, analyzing street intersection’s performance for the existing condition and the next five years. Second, compared street and intersection’s performance with the standard that has occured. Third, analyzed the performance of street and intersection after application of traffic management. The result showed that appropriate traffic management to be applied in Basuki Rahmat Street  is alternative 1 of the demand management, such as the application of one way system for the whole segments and it equipped by public transport lanes which can increase the level of service of the whole segments in Basuki Rahmat Street, as well as meet the level of service that has been ideal for the secondary arterial roads.
Pricing of Guaranteed Annuity Options in a Stochastic Volatility and Interest Rate Environment
Authors: Kizaki Keisuke , Muroi Yoshifumi
Published: July 2016

This article examines the pricing of guaranteed annuity options (GAOs) in a stochastic volatility and interest rate model. While the pricing of these options in a stochastic volatility and interest rate model has been examined in van Haastrecht, Plat, and Pelsser (2010. Insurance: Mathematics and Economics 47:266–77), the pricing is difficult under the general stochastic volatility environment. In order to overcome these difficulties, we examined the asymptotic expansion method introduced by Kim and Kunitomo (1999. Asia-Pacific Financial Markets 6:49–70) and extended by Kim (2002. Journal of the Operations Research Society of Japan 45:404–25), and Kunitomo and Kim (2007. Japanese Economic Review 58:71–106). The asymptotic expansion method obtains a closed-form approximation formula for the price of GAOs in a general stochastic volatility environment including the Schöbel–Zhu–Hull–White model and the Heston–Hull–White model, for example. We confirm the accuracy of the asymptotic expansion methods by numerical demonstrations. The sensitivity analysis of the options price to changes in the parameters for the stochastic volatility process is also analyzed.
Schützt strategisches Handeln vor den negativen Folgen von Stress? Zur Bedeutung mikropolitischer Fähigkeiten als Gesundheitsressource in entgrenzten Arbeitskontexten / Does strategic acting prevent the negative effects of stress? On the importance of political skills as a health resource in working contexts with blurring boundaries
Authors: Mucha Anna , Frieß Wiebke , Jarren Jana , Rastetter Daniela
Published: July 2016

Parallel zu Prozessen der Subjektivierung und Entgrenzung nehmen Stress und psychische Beschwerden ständig zu; die Betriebe tun bisher wenig, um hier organisationskulturell gegenzusteuern. Vor diesem Hintergrund gehen wir auf der Basis von 60 qualitativen Interviews mit Nachwuchsführungskräften empirisch der Frage nach, welche Bedeutung mikropolitischem Handeln im Sinne einer subjektiven Bewältigungsstrategie als Gesundheitsressource zukommen kann. Die Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, dass mikropolitische Fähigkeiten tatsächlich eine Ressource zur Stressreduktion darstellen, die im Hinblick auf ihr gesundheitsförderliches Potenzial näher untersucht werden sollte.
Rollenbild oder soziale Positionierung? Wovon die Einstellung gegenüber der betrieblichen Frauenquote abhängt / Gender role model or social position? On the determinants of the attitude towards a women's quota in companies
Authors: Petzold Knut , Brunner Thomas , Watzka Carlos
Published: July 2016

Es wird der Frage nachgegangen, von welchen Determinanten die Einstellung gegenuber der betrieblichen Frauenquote in der deutschen Bevolkerung abhangt. Mit der Habitustheorie von Bourdieu werden Hypothesen entwickelt und mit Daten einer Querschnittsbefragung (N = 886) getestet. Das Geschlecht, das Alter, eine politisch progressive Orientierung und eine Interaktion zwischen Geschlecht und Bildung fordern die Zustimmung zur betrieblichen Frauenquote, das Rollenbild jedoch nicht.
Schlecht entlohnt trotz Hochschulabschluss? / Low wages in spite of an academic degree?
Authors: Kalina Thorsten
Published: July 2016

Der Anteil der Akademiker/innen an den abhängig Beschäftigten in Deutschland ist seit Mitte der 1990er Jahre um 7 Prozentpunkte auf über 25 Prozent im Jahr 2014 gestiegen. Eine Hochschulausbildung bringt allerdings nicht immer eine gute Beschäftigungsperspektive mit sich. Rund jeder zehnte der 8,4 Millionen abhängig beschäftigten Akademiker/innen war 2014 unterhalb der Niedriglohnschwelle von 9,81 Euro tätig. Der folgende Beitrag untersucht auf Basis des Sozioökonomischen Panels Ursachen der Niedriglohnbeschäftigung von Akademiker/ innen. Zentrale Frage ist, ob sich ein erhöhtes Niedriglohnrisiko von Akademiker/ innen durch unterwertige Beschäftigung erklären lässt. Als überraschendes Ergebnis zeigt sich, dass fast ein Drittel der Akademiker/innen mit Niedriglohn bildungsadäquat beschäftigt ist. Eine Beschäftigung unterhalb des akademischen Niveaus erhöht das Niedriglohnrisiko weitaus geringer als erwartet.
Leiharbeit im Profifußball – Sind ausgeliehene Bundesligaspieler stärker motiviert? / Labour Leasing in Professional Football – Are Temporary Players More Ambitious?
Authors: Müller Michael
Published: July 2016

Bisherige Studien zur Leiharbeit haben sich primär mit den Arbeitsbedingungen sowie den strategischen Einsatzgründen der Leiharbeit befasst. In diesem Beitrag wird versucht, erste Erkenntnisse zum Leistungsverhalten von verliehenen Arbeitnehmern zu erhalten. Der Arbeitsmarkt für Profifußballer bietet sich für dieses Forschungsvorhaben besonders an, da die Leistungen der Spieler beobachtbar sind. Dieser beispielhafte Markt weist gewisse Analogien zu konventionellen Arbeitsmärkten auf. So schafft die durch eine Entleihung entstehende Unsicherheitssituation Anreize für entliehene Spieler, ihr Leistungsniveau in den Entleihperioden zu erhöhen. Es zeigt sich empirisch, dass Leihspieler in Leihspielzeiten ein höheres Anstrengungsniveau aufweisen und dieses anschließend in langfristigeren Beschäftigungsverhältnissen nicht halten können. Neben der Leistungsentwicklung von Leiharbeitnehmern werden ebenfalls Einflussfaktoren auf das Verleihverhalten von Bundesligavereinen analysiert. Dabei zeigt sich, dass insbesondere Änderungen der institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen Einfluss auf die Verleihentscheidungen haben.
Non-equilibrium temperatures and heat transport in nanosystems with defects, described by a tensorial internal variable
Authors: Restuccia Liliana
Published: July 2016

The paper deals with the meaning of non-equilibrium temperatures in nanosystems with an internal variable, describing defects inside them, and implications on heat transport. In equilibrium all definitions of temperature lead to the same value, but in nonequilibrium steady states they lead to different values, giving information on different degrees of freedom. We discuss the caloric and entropic non-equilibrium temperatures and the relations among them, in defective nanosystems (crystals with dislocations or porous channels, carbon nanotubes in a solid matrix and so on), crossed by an external energy flux. Here, we present a model for nanocrystals with dislocation defects submitted to an external energy flux. The dislocations may have a strong influence on the effective thermal conductivity, and their own dynamics may be coupled in relevant way to the heat flux dynamics. In the linear case the constitutive relations, the rate equations for the internal variable and the heat flux are worked out and a generalized telegraphic heat equation is derived in the anisotropic and isotropic case, describing the thermal disturbances with finite velocity.
Optimization of supercooling effect in nanoscaled thermoelectric layers
Authors: Rivera Iván , Figueroa Aldo , Vázquez Federico
Published: July 2016

In this paper we address the problem of optimization of the so called supercooling effect in thermoelectric nanoscaled layers. The effect arises when a short term electric pulse is applied to the layer. The analysis is based on constitutive equations of the Maxwell-Cattaneo type describing the time evolution of dissipative flows with the thermal and electric conductivities depending on the width of the layer. This introduces memory and nonlocal effects and consequently a wave-like behaviour of system’s temperature. We study the effects of the shape of the electric pulse on the maximum diminishing of temperature by applying pulses of the form ta
with a a power going from 0 to 10. Pulses with a a fractionary number perform better for nanoscaled devices whereas those with a bigger than unity do it for microscaled ones. We also find that the supercooling effect is improved by a factor of 6.6 over long length scale devices in the best performances and that the elapsed supercooling time for the nanoscaled devices equals the best of the microscaled ones. We use the spectral methods of solution which assure a well representation of wave behaviour of heat and electric charge in short time scales given their spectral convergence.
Effective thermal conductivity of superfluid helium: laminar, turbulent and ballistic regimes
Authors: Sciacca Michele , Galantucci Luca
Published: July 2016

In this paper we extend previous results on the effective thermal conductivity of liquid helium II in cylindrical channels to rectangular channels with high aspect ratio. The aim is to compare the results in the laminar regime, the turbulent regime and the ballistic regime, all of them obtained within a single mesoscopic formalism of heat transport, with heat flux as an independent variable.
A New Control Method to Mitigate Power Fluctuations for Grid Integrated PV/Wind Hybrid Power System Using Ultracapacitors
Authors: Jayalakshmi N. S. , Gaonkar D. N.
Published: July 2016

The output power obtained from solar-wind hybrid system fluctuates with changes in weather conditions. These power fluctuations cause adverse effects on the voltage, frequency and transient stability of the utility grid. In this paper, a control method is presented for power smoothing of grid integrated PV/wind hybrid system using ultracapacitors in a DC coupled structure. The power fluctuations of hybrid system are mitigated and smoothed power is supplied to the utility grid. In this work both photovoltaic (PV) panels and the wind generator are controlled to operate at their maximum power point. The grid side inverter control strategy presented in this paper maintains DC link voltage constant while injecting power to the grid at unity power factor considering different operating conditions. Actual solar irradiation and wind speed data are used in this study to evaluate the performance of the developed system using MATLAB/Simulink software. The simulation results show that output power fluctuations of solar-wind hybrid system can be significantly mitigated using the ultracapacitor based storage system.
Legal Commercial Cannabis Sales in Colorado and Washington: What Can We Learn?
Authors: Kleiman Mark A.R.
Published: July 2016

Colorado and Washington were the first states to legalize the production and sale of cannabis without a medical recommendation; Oregon and Alaska have followed suit, and additional states will likely do so in coming years. The effects of legalization are multi-dimensional, hard to predict, difficult to measure, and dependent on policy details. The primary gains from legal availability (beyond personal liberty and enjoyment) are likely to take the form of reduced illicit activity and reduced need for enforcement, along with relatively modest revenues. The primary losses will likely involve increased problematic drug use, which may include use by minors. The extent of those gains and losses is likely sensitive to price; very high prices (substantially above prices in the illicit markets) will likely frustrate the aim of shrinking illegal production and dealing; very low prices – which are technically possible, given how inexpensive it is to produce cannabis under legal conditions – risk accentuating the increase in problematic use and generating illegal diversion of legally sold product for out-of-state sale and sale to minors. Because the systems of supply for medically recommended use in Colorado and Washington were sufficiently loose to make cannabis easily available to virtually any adult; because regulatory restrictions on commercial supplies have so far kept the commercial prices above illicit and medical-dispensary levels; and because those prices have now begun to fall and are likely to fall rapidly, the results in Colorado and Washington so far cannot be used to evaluate the effects of legalization, especially in states without readily-available quasi-medical supplies. Patience is required.