bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on Surface Evaporation in Liaoyang Based on Grey Theory
Authors: Chen Jin Liang
Published: October 2014

At present, there are mainly two methods to forecast the quantity of surface evaporation: one is by time series analysis, another is by climate models. This paper established models to simulate the surface evaporation in Liaoyang based on grey theory, and developed a grey forecasting software for surface evaporation using Visual Basic. From the annual depreciation from 1998 to 2010 in Liaoyang station in Liaoning Province, a grey forecasting model was established, which was then used to predict the quantity of surface evaporation in Liaoyang from 2011 to 2015.
An Integrated Model for Simulating and Evaluating Water Resources Sustainability at Laoshan Region
Authors: Yang Jie Jun , Zhou Jun
Published: October 2014

An integrated model was developed for evaluating water resources sustainability. In the model, a new index was developed based on nineteen indicators related socio-economic, eco-environment and water resources. The interrelationships between indicators were quantified based on mathematical models. The integrated model was applied to simulate the water resources sustainability in Laoshan Region successfully from 2010 to 2030 after validation and calibration using historical data which has low relative errors and relative standard deviation (<10%). The results indicate that the sustainable solution to water resources utilization in Laoshan Region is to supply different types of water resources to different water resources demand sectors based on requirements on water quality and quantity. The integrated model developed in this study is useful for decision-makers to simulate and evaluate the water resources sustainability.
The Effects of Static Magnetic Field in Leaching Cadmium and Arsenic by Acidthiobacillus ferrooxidans
Authors: Lu Li Li , Li Dong Wei , Wei Xiang Dong , Liao Chan Juan , Jiang Jiao Lian , Su Long
Published: October 2014

In view of the pollution of heavy metals in tailings of mining area, considering some metal recycling, in this paper, the method which was environmental friendly, mild reaction, short process, low energy consumption was applied to leaching As and Cd in tailings. Before leaching, Static Magnetic Field was used to deal with leach liquor, to research the effect of leaching rate for As and Cd. The results showed that under the conditions of pulp density 5%, inoculum 10%, leaching temperature 30°C, pH 2.0, magnetic induction intensity separately were 2mT , 5mT , 8mT and 11mT, the leaching rates of As and Cd were increased respectively about 8% and 2%. Besides, magnetic induction intensity also effected. The best magnetic induction intensity in bioleaching of As and Cd were respectively 2mT and 8mT.
Research of the Underground Water Level Prediction Model in Deep Foundation Pit Engineering
Authors: Li Hao Peng
Published: October 2014

The effect such as ion exchange, precipitation, corrosion and consolidation can occur between groundwater and rock mass, it will cause a variety of adverse effects on deep foundation pit engineering. Prediction of the underground water level and take corresponding precipitation control measures is very important. Underground water level deformation is a complicated ,nonlinear and stochastic problem, it is unable to establish accurate mathematical model. An underground water level deformation prediction model based on BP neural network was constructed in this paper. Five closely related factors in underground water level deformation are river flow, temperature, saturation deficit, rainfall and evaporation, they were selected as input vector of BP neural network, underground water level measured value as a model target output. In Matlab 2011b simulation software, 24 groups observation data for underground water level and five closely related factors of a underground parking lot deep foundation pit engineering in Jilin as the sample set,19 groups were randomly selected as the training sample set , other 5 groups were used as the testing sample set .The simulation result shows that testing value is very close to the true value in this method and the average relative error was 2.9708%.The method in this paper can achieve higher accuracy of groundwater level prediction in deep foundation pit engineering.
The Evaluation of Water Quality and Survey of Benthic Diversity in the Sha River and Xiangshui River of Dongjiang (China)
Authors: Wang Hong Wei , Liu Long , Fu Zhong , Zhao Chun Long , Xing Qing Chao , Zhao Wen Bo , Cai Duan Bo
Published: October 2014

The diversity of macroinvertebrate in Sha River and Xiangshui River of Dongjiang (China) were investigated in June 2013. According to the index of biological diversity and integrity, the water quality was evaluated. It provided a reference for water pollution controlling and water resources protection.
Study on Management System of Drainage Network
Authors: Li Hao Ran
Published: October 2014

The advanced intelligent optimization algorithms used in water distribution network model study, currently in the pipe network optimization theory is a new, has great research value and practical value of the subject. This paper proposes a decision-making functions to optimize the drainage network system, by choosing the model using intelligent optimization algorithm for computing the most cost-caliber combination, to achieve the renovation and expansion of urban water supply network technical support.
Study on Production Process of New U-Shaped Canal
Authors: Sun Jing Lu , Zhang Shou Jie , Zhang Bin , Liu Li Jia
Published: October 2014

To solve the problem in the process of prefabrication of U-shaped canal, this paper mainly introduces the U-shaped canal production line that adopts production process of flowing water machine and continuous curing method. The production process can adapt to a variety of specifications U 300 - U1000 (length of concrete U-shaped canal products is 2000mm). Tank production line has production capacity of concrete U-shaped canal of 100 cubic meters every day. The production line can automatically run, in each location as well as human intervention, easy to control the production rhythm and production organization and management. Through the process, making the U-shaped canal can be manufactured in large-scale. It can play an important role in national food security, steady and rapid economic development and social harmony and stability on basis of water conservancy.
The Establishment of Principal Component Analysis Assessment Model for Drinking Water Quality of City Resource
Authors: Sun Li Feng , Qi Qing Jie , Zhao Xiao Liang , Li Rui Feng
Published: October 2014

In order to effectively control pollution of sources of drinking water, improve the environmental quality of drinking water and guarantee the sanitation of drinking water, it is very important to assess water source quality. Main factors of drinking water were identified. Then principal component analysis was used to establish assessment model of drinking water, which could ensure that under the condition that the primitive data information was in the smallest loss, a small number of variables were used to replace the integrated multi-dimensional variables to simplify the data structure. The weightings of principal component were determinated as theirs pollution ratios. This paper was based on the theoretical study of principal component analysis, used the monitoring data on water quality of the main water resources in 2013 to evaluate and analyze the water quality of water resources. Analysis content included the main affecting factors, cause of pollution and the degree of pollution.The resulted showed that: the main affecting factors on water quality of Fo Si water source was CODMn, TP, fluoride.
Emergency Dispatch System Research and Development for Urban Water Supply
Authors: Chai Fu Xin , Chai Dong Mei , Dai Hui Ran
Published: October 2014

Water emergencies occur frequently in China, which serious influence the security of city water supply. An emergency dispatch model for urban water supply was conducted base on the water supply network graphs, the model can give emergency dispatch scheme of urban water supply using some operation rules as far as possible to ensure the safety of water supply or the least affected premise. Selecting Anyang as the experiment, the emergency dispatch system was developed. Provide technical support and decision-making platform to improve the emergency response capacity of city water supply emergencies.
A Logit Model Based Study on the Influencing Factors on Farm Household’s Adoption of Soil Testing and Formula Fertilizing Technology: A Case of Four Towns
Authors: Yang Li Xia
Published: October 2014

Based on the survey data collected from 208 farm households of Zhili, Balidian, Huanzhu and Baique, 4 towns of Wuxing district of Huzhou city in Taihu Basin, this paper quantitatively analyzed the influencing factors on farm household’s adoption behavior of soil testing and formula fertilizing technology (STFFT) by using Logit Model. The results showed: (1) The significant favorable influencing factors are household head’s education level, is he/she a farmer cooperative member, has he/she been trained (technically), Has he/she received instructive card of STFFT, and whether or not the household is the STFFT demonstration household; (2) While the high ratio of non-farm income level has a significant negative effect; (3) The household head’s age and multi-operation behavior, farm land scale, and fragmentation of land plots have not significant affection. Based these analysis some related incentive policies about the households’ adoption of STFFT were put forward.
A Study on Topographic Differentiation of Small-Watershed Landscapes in the Loess Hilly Region Based on Ecological Restoration Measures
Authors: Shi Yun , Geng Sha , Mi Wen Bao
Published: October 2014

Small watershed is the basic unit of soil and water conservation management in the Loess Hilly Region, and the spatial distribution of different landscapes for land use in small watershed has restricted a variety of ecological processes and ecological benefits of landscapes. This paper combines a geographic information system (GIS) and statistical analysis to reveal the relationship between the spatial distribution of landscape types and topographic factors such as elevation, slope and aspect so as to explore the influences of topographic factors on the spatial distribution pattern of different ecological restoration measures. Gaojianbao Watershed, a typical loess hilly region , is the study area. A land-use map (scale1:50000,2013) of the study area and the topographic map (1:100,000) were used as the base data. The study area is divided into 8 landscape types by the classification of ecological restoration measures. The results showed that: topographic factor is an important factor affecting the watershed ecological restoration, and the spatial distribution of ecological restoration landscapes in Gaojianpu Watershed was significantly associated with topographic factors, featuring obvious vertical distribution. With the rise of elevation, the distribution of landscape types showed the order of ditch protection forest to fruit forest to afforestation (grassland restoration) to barren hills under natural enclosing to level terrace to fish-scale pit to barren hill under afforestation; the spatial distribution of each landscape component was greatly influenced by slope, and the distribution ratio first increased gradually and then decreased; when the aspect shifts from shady to sunny, the distribution ratio of landscapes like afforestation (grassland restoration), level terrace and barren hills under afforestation decreased while the distribution ratio of barren hills under natural enclosing and fruit forests increased, and the landscapes of fish-scale pits and ditch protection forests were basically not affected by aspect.
FNMF-ITWC Algorithm Applied to the Cancer Gene Expression Data
Authors: Wang Duo
Published: October 2014

The clustering analysis of the cancer gene expression data can provide bases for the early diagnosis of cancer and accurate classification of the cancer subtypes. For the characteristics of cancer gene expression data, an algorithm named FNMF-ITWC (Fast Nonnegative Matrix Factorization Interrelated Two_Way Clustering) is proposed. FNMF-ITWC algorithm firstly selects genes from the original gene expression data, implements non-negative matrix factorization on the row (gene dimension), and then performs clustering on the column (sample dimension). Matlab experimental results show that FNMF-ITWC algorithm improves the computing speed of the algorithm and reduces the data storage space. At the same time, it is able to reveal correlation among genes under certain experimental conditions and the correlation among experiments for some genes.
A New Adaptive Threshold Image-Denoising Method Based on Edge Detection
Authors: Jiao Yuan , Huang Bin Wen
Published: October 2014

In image processing, removal of noise without blurring the image edges is a difficult problem. Aiming at orthogonal wavelet transform and traditional threshold’s shortage, a new wavelet packet transform adaptive threshold image de-noising method which is based on edge detection is proposed. By edge detection method, the wavelet packet coefficients corresponding to edge which is detected and other non-edge wavelet packet coefficients are treated by different threshold. Using the relativity among wavelet packet coefficients and neighbor dependency relation, at the same time, adopting the new variance neighbor estimate method and then the adaptive threshold is produced. From the experiment result, we see that compared with traditional methods, this method can not only effectively eliminate noise, but can also well keep original image’s information and the quality after image de-noising is very well.
Fire Image Detection System Based on Cloud Workflow
Authors: Bi Zhen Bo , Yang Hua
Published: October 2014

Fire image detection is a kind of important means of early prevention of fire. The current fire image detection is focus on the feature extraction, the concrete algorithm, etc., there is the lack of unified scheduling and the realization of automatic mechanism in the feature extraction of smoke or flame, the integration of all stages and other aspects of cohesion, and there is no uniform model in terms of integration. In addition, the traditional fire image detection system is facing problems such as high investment and insufficient computing capacity. To effectively reduce the detecting and early warning time, in this paper, fire image detection system based on the cloud workflow is studied. In view of the smoke image detection, we have integrated the various key of discrete nodes in fire detection through cloud workflow technology, and connect effectively the other related nodes. By building cloud workflow architecture, we organize and ensure the operation and regulation of the key nodes and their child nodes of child nodes. Through the experimental test, the method reduce the time in the whole process of fire detection, also won't reduce the accuracy of the original mode of fire detection.
Laser Scanner System Correction Research Based on Image Recognition
Authors: Yan Heng Feng , Chen Ji Min
Published: October 2014

This paper introduces a new correction method for laser scanner system. Based on image recognition, the laser marking result which includes a crossed matrix is grabbed as matching pattern. A algorithm is presented to locate all crosses and measure their positions , and a correction data is generated automatically for laser scanner system. This method makes the correcting process be much faster and more accurate than conventional manual measurement way.
Study on Characteristic Extraction of Coal and Rock at Mechanized Top Coal Caving Face Based on Image Gray Scale
Authors: Xue Guang Hui , Hu Bao Hua , Zhao Xin Ying , Liu Er Meng , Ding Wei Jian
Published: October 2014

A method on the feature extraction of coal and rock character recognition was mainly put forward based on image gray level distribution and gray scale average value. In order to improve the recognition effects of the image, cropping, gray level transformation, contrast enhancement, median filtering and other preprocessing work were applied individually on the raw image of coal caving and rock caving acquired from mechanized top caving face, then gray histogram of image signal of coal and rock was abstracted and the gray scale mean were calculated. The results shows that (1) the range of gray scale of top coal caving image is mainly between 10-100, and the range of gray scale of top rock caving image mainly between 90-220, (2) the gray scale mean of top rock caving image is around 130, far higher than the gray scale mean of top coal caving image of 66.
Parameter Selection Based on Support Vector Machines for Tongue Spectral Identification Model
Authors: Yan Wen Juan , He Guo Quan , Huang Shi Jian , Qin Lin
Published: October 2014

Support Vector Machine (SVM) method is suitable for machine learning. In order to detect pathological information from tongue diagnosis rapidly, noninvasively and objectively, a near infrared spectral identification model is proposed based on SVM. The tongue spectral data of healthy people and hepatitis patients were collected. Twenty two samples were obtained for individual groups, and for each group, fifteen samples were randomly selected and used as the training sets, while the other seven were taken as the prediction sets. For the data sets, The effects of the principal component number, kernel parameters, and kernel functions on the identification model were investigated respectively. The results showed that the penalty parameter c was always 0.25, not related to the values of the principal component number and kernel parameter g. The kernel parameter g decreased along with the increased number of principal components, and ultimately reached a relatively stable value. When the Radial Basis Function (RBF) was applied, the established model was the best, indicating that the SVM approach is feasible to classify and recognize tongue near infrared spectroscopy, as along as right parameters are selected. This can provide a novel tongue spectral analysis method to distinguish healthy individuals from hepatitis patients.
Primary Total Ionizing Dose Effect Studies on Xilinx SoC Irradiated with 60Co γ Rays
Authors: Zhang Yao , Du Xin , Du Xue Cheng , He Dong Sheng , Zhang Lin Gang , He Chao Hui , Li Yong Hong , Zang Hang , Liu Shu Huan , Liu Xin Zan , Chen Wei , Fan Yun Yun , Xiong Cen , Tang Du
Published: October 2014

We designed radiation effect experimental system including current measurement section and functional test section for Xilinx Zynq-7010 System on chip (SoC) and performed the Total Ionizing Dose (TID) experiment irradiated by Co60 γ-source on the chip. At the dose rate of 0.04 Gy(Si)/s, the total dose of 1.69 kGy(Si), the current value in the experiment increased first and then decreased. The test board got functional interruption at the gamma dose of 1.69 kGy(Si). The function of the board normalized after room temperature annealing and 70°C high temperature annealing except that the current value decreased by 28% compared to the current before irradiation. The mechanisms for the first TID test results on Xilinx SoC were deduced and discussed.
Research on Optimization of Safety Parameters of the Ferromagnetic Pipeline Based on Magnetic Memory Testing
Authors: Liao Zi Jun , Yang Chang Jiang , Zhao Li Tao
Published: October 2014

For the reasearch of magnetic memory testing parameters on the effect of magnetic memory testing signals, the method of uniform design experiment is used to arrange test, by the decision criteria of the minimum component change of magnetic field, the mathematical model is established based on the test result, quantify the influence of the magnetic memory testing parameters, and optimal regression equations are verified through the test results, and achieve the optimization of test parameters, the results for the determination of magnetic memory testing parameters and the range of choice to provide theoretical reference, and improve the reproducibility of test results.
The Research of Armored Vehicles Weapon System Fault Diagnosis Method
Authors: Xu Hai Feng
Published: October 2014

For armored vehicles electrical system fault diagnosis of fault original data collection difficult situation, this paper introduces the fault diagnosis technology based on fault tree model and fault diagnosis based on neural network technology, and the two kinds of fusion technology, complement each other, with a certain type of equipment control system as an example the case analysis, illustrates the fault tree of the neural network and the rationality and validity of the integrated fault diagnosis thinking.
An Optimization Design Method of Geometric Parameters of Skid Shoe Referring to Subject Weight of Marine Structures
Authors: Yang Feng Yan , Yan Xiang Zhen , Song Zheng Rong , Yang Ming Wang , Zhao Zi Kun , Lv Chao
Published: October 2014

The optimization design method of geometric parameters of skid shoe which is used to subject weight of marine structures is proposed. Considering skid shoe as steel frame structure, total weight and the bearing capacity of the skid shoe are selected as optimal objectives, and geometric parameters of the skid shoe are taken as design variables. Taking the strength, stiffness, local stability of the skid shoe as the constraint conditions, multi-objectives constraints optimization model of geometric parameters is established, and solved based on complex method. According to research results, a computer program has been developed using VC language. Then geometric optimum parameters of skid shoe in service of CNOOC are analyzed by the program. The results show that optimized design decreases steel volume, steel plate thickness by 28.7%, 18.4%, respectively, compared with original design. The optimization method has a series of advantages, such as simple model, fast calculating speed, high calculation accuracy.
Research on Stereo Matching Algorithm in Intelligent Vehicle Application
Authors: He Peng , Gao Feng
Published: October 2014

Perception of environment in front of driving vehicle is a core investigation theme of intelligent vehicle technologies aiming to increase safety, convenience and efficiency of driving. Using stereo vision for environment perception is a hot technology. This paper developed an algorithm for stereo matching in intelligent vehicle application. The experimental results indicate that this algorithm is effective. Furthermore, this algorithm paves the way for the implementation of automotive driver assistance system.
Researching on the Single Lock Chamber Automatic Layout Algorithm
Authors: Chen Xu , Zhu Jing , Zhang Zhao
Published: October 2014

Arrange the ships reasonable as much as possible in the lock chamber, can help improving the traffic ability and the utilization rate of the lock. At present, it is not enough for the factors that considered in the automatic layout algorithm, such as: the safety distance between the ships, ship bottom sill depth. The algorithm can be further optimized. This paper will present a new automatic layout algorithm for single chamber which is able to enhance the efficiency of the chamber space and improve the traffic ability.
Design of a High-Speed Long-Stroke Heavy-Load Magnetically Suspended Door System
Authors: Huang Bin Bin , Zhang Chi , Liao You Yong
Published: October 2014

By studying the advantages and disadvantages of the conventional automatic linear door systems, it was found that flat permanent magnet linear synchronous motors (PMSLM) can satisfy high-speed long-stroke heavy-load door systems better than other techniques. In order to reach a long lifespan, the authors compared five possible topologies with flat PMLSM, and then designed a kind of magnetically suspended door system driven by a single-sided flat PMLSM and suspended by the normal force of the motor. The results demonstrate that the prototype door system satisfies the requirements.
Study of Parameters Configuration in Ant Colony Algorithm
Authors: Cui Yan Rong
Published: October 2014

It has obtained a better result to use ant colony algorithm to solve complex combinatorial optimization problems, but different value of the parameters in ant colony algorithm affects the performance of the algorithm. This paper studies the configuration of parameters in ant colony algorithm, and analyses the impact of the key parameters of the algorithm, and obtains the optimal parameter combination of using ant colony algorithm to solve TSP problems by using EIL51TSP data to simulate.
Improved Virtual-Flux-Linkage Observation Method of PWM Rectifier
Authors: Bu Wen Shao , Xu Lei Lei
Published: October 2014

In order to improve the virtual flux oriented vector control performance of PWM rectifier, an improved observation method of virtual flux-linkage is proposed. To avoid the relevant problems of pure integrator, and to achieve the accurate observation of the grid voltage’s phase, three first order low-pass filters are cascaded to displace the pure integrator. Based on the SVPWM modulation module and the presented algorithm, grid voltage sensorless control system of three-phase PWM rectifier is given. Simulation results have shown that: either in rectifying or inverting status, the amplitude and phase of virtual flux-linkage can be observed accurately, i.e. the control system of PWM rectifier can operate reliably without the grid voltage sensors; the presented estimation method of virtual flux-linkage is effective.
An Improved Forecasting Model of Fuzzy Time Series
Authors: Wang Hong Xu , Guo Jian Chun , Feng Hao , Jin Hai Long
Published: October 2014

Since Song and Chissom proposed fuzzy time series forecasting theory, already exceed in the 20 years. Scholars have proposed many fuzzy time series forecasting models, the prediction accuracy of historical simulation data continues to improve. Unfortunately has not hitherto given for fuzzy time series forecasting model about the data of unknown years. This paper presents an improved forecasting model of fuzzy time series. It may predict the historical simulation data, but also may predict the unknown year data.
Research on Mobile Learning Based on a Feedback Model
Authors: Dong Biao
Published: October 2014

This paper presents an approach for modeling the mobile learning applications using a feedback-based recommendation model. Formal definitions are proposed for the mobile learning activity. The design unites three of the mobile learning's aspects, namely learner, service and context, and provides means for learner service evaluation within the recommendation model. The results show that the recommendation model can easily be constructed, while enabling accurate recommendations by solving the sparsity problem of service and learner′s information.
The Engineering Drawing Network Potting Management System Based on Intelligent Print Queue Management
Authors: Li Tian
Published: October 2014

There are a large number of engineering drawings in port design, it takes a lot of manpower and resources to manage and plot drawings , with the development of computer networks and related technologies and the use of network and database technology, the drawings designed by designers are sent to the server through the network for centralized management and plot, which can greatly improve the utilization of large-scale project plotter, and is significant to improve the drawings management level and standardization drawings and so on. Combining the needs of the port engineering design and production, we develop engineering drawing network plotting management system based on intelligent print queue management. Use the print queue which is independent of device to automatically control the drawing output. Ten years of use has proven a reasonable structure, flexible, adaptable characteristics, running through escalating perfect provides our institute information technology with a useful support, and lays a solid foundation.
Evolutionary Game Research on the Core Business and Consumer Behavior in Green Supply Chain under IOT Environment
Authors: Qi Kai , Bi Meng Lin
Published: October 2014

As the worsening global ecological environment, the effective implementation of green supply chain based on IOT is an inevitable trend of future development. Through combing and analyzing the domestic and foreign situations of green supply chain management under IOT, we found that the current research about the relation between consumer behaviors and core business in green supply chain is insufficient. In view of this, this paper systematically analyzes the intrinsic link between these two sides, and builds the relation model between core business and consumers. Furthermore, this paper constructs an evolutionary game model based on the evolutionary game theory, and derives an evolutionary stable strategy by solving replicated dynamics equation. At last, with the analysis of the results, we put forward some countermeasures and suggestions and provide a useful reference for the effective implementation of green supply chain under IOT.
Field Investigation and Assessment on Base Conditions of a Transmission Tower in Coastal Mound Areas
Authors: Wang Gan Jun , Chen Bo , Wu Yi Jiang , Peng Zi Ping
Published: October 2014

The field investigation and assessment on base conditions of a transmission tower in coastal mound areas is actively carried out in this study. A transmission tower constructed in the southern areas of China is taken as example to examine the geological characteristics. The detailed geological investigation and field inspection were performance for the safety assessment of the tower-foundation system. The geological investigation was carried out based on the Chinese specifications and codes by taking into consideration many factors, such as the base terrain, topographical features, traffic conditions and etc. Testing types and sample numbers of the geological investigation includes the geological exploration, drilling, geotechnical sampling, in situ testing and setting-out measurement.
Cross Section Optimization of Plane Truss among Different Spans
Authors: Abdulsalam Mustafa Sumayah , bin Mohd Zahid Mohd Zulham Affandi , bin Abu Hassan Md.Hadli
Published: October 2014

Cross sectional areas optimization is to be implemented to study the influence of the cross section shape on the optimum truss weight. By the aid of analysis and design engines with advanced finite element analysis that is the steel design software STAAD. Four rolled steel sections (angle, tube, channel, and pipe) which are used in industrial roof trusses are applied for comparison. Many previous studies, use the areas of cross sections as design variables without highlight to the shape of cross section at the start of the process, consequently the result area will be adequate if the designer choose the effective shape than others. Results of this research show that the chosen cross section shape has a significant impact on the optimum truss weight for same geometry of truss type under the same circumstances of loading and supports.
Performance Comparison on 0.35 mm and 0.50 mm Thicknesses of Non-Oriented Steel Sheets Using FEM
Authors: Maizana Dina , Yanawati Y. , Nazifah A.
Published: October 2014

– Decrease the iron loss, total loss and thicknesses of steel sheets will produce high efficiency of the induction motor This paper studies, a rotor construction with different thickness was investigated thoroughly and analyzed in the case of efficiency, torque, all losses and distribution field. All result simulation was done by MotorSolve (IM) which allows the user to produce more design of induction motor with a decision within a short time. According to simulation result, the 0.35 mm showed that a best performance and efficient compared to 0.50 mm thickness of rotor frame.
The Effect of Photoinitiator Concentration on the Physicochemical Properties of Hydrogel Contact Lenses
Authors: McElroy Deirdre M. , Geever Luke M. , Higginbotham Clement L. , Devery Sinead M.
Published: October 2014

Hydrogel soft contact lenses have been investigated as delivery systems for ophthalmic drug products in response to the need for more efficient ophthalmic drug delivery systems. Ocular drugs delivered via eye drops have a low residence time in the eye resulting in as low as 5% bioavailability of the therapeutic agent. This study investigates the effect of varying concentrations of the photoinitiator diphenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)-phosphine oxide (TPO) on the physicochemical properties of hydrogel soft contact lenses for ophthalmic drug delivery purposes. Contact lens samples were synthesised via photopolymerisation with a range of initiator concentration. Gel fraction and swelling results indicated that increasing the photoinitiator concentration increased the efficiency of the gel network and reduced the water content of contact lens samples. Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was employed to confirm polymerisation of the lenses and also indicated the presence of residual photoinitiator in lenses with higher TPO concentrations.
Design, Simulation and Implementation of a 300W 24V Power Converters for Magnetic Levitation Vertical Axis Wind Turbine System
Authors: Aihsan M.Z. , Baharudin N.H. , Mansur T.M.N.T. , Ali R.B. , Sing L.S. , Rahman N.A.
Published: October 2014

This paper presents a 300W AC/DC/AC power converter for wind energy system. Magnetic Levitation Vertical Axis Wind Turbine is used to harness energy at low wind speed of less than 3 m/s which is suitable for residential area in Malaysia. Three phase voltage produces by wind turbine is rectified using three phase rectifier. A boost converter is employed to convert the rectified DC voltage to a higher level. The output stage consists of full bridge circuit that produces a sinusoidal AC voltage using SPWM switching technique for common AC loads. When operating in rated condition, this system reduces 300W of energy consumption from utility.
Analysis of Ground Dolomite: Effect of Grinding Time on the Production of Submicron Particles
Authors: Nik Nur Azza N.A. , Ong Hui Lin , Noorina Hidayu Jamil , Akil Hazizan Md , Ting Sam Sung
Published: October 2014

This paper discusses the effect of grinding time on the production of submicron dolomite by using the impact and abrasion technique of high energy planetary ball mill. It is known that grinding process leads to surface activation other than exhibiting particle size reduction. Most of the energy applied during the process will be dissipated as heat that could lead to harmful effects to the structural pattern of the ground material. Thus in order to study the detrimental effects of grinding towards submicron dolomite, sample was ground at 400 rpm speed with various grinding time; 0.5h, 1h, 2h, 5h, 10h and 20h. It was confirmed using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) method that the crystalline structure of dolomite did not deform even after 20h of grinding time, thus maintained its crystallinity. The morphological structures of ungrind and ground raw dolomite were shown by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) morphology.
Synthesis and Characterization of Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate Hydrogels for Biomedical Application
Authors: Poplawska Malgorzata , Schimpf Iska , Brady Damien , Kealey Carmel , Mulvihill Anne , Higginbotham Clement L.
Published: October 2014

Photo-polymerized polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (PEGDMA) scaffolds were synthesized using two macromolecular monomers of 750 and 550 number average molecular weight. Variation in chain length of macromolecular monomers visibly influenced viscoelastic properties of the compositions, exhibiting an increase in shear storage and loss modulus in PEGDMA 750 hydrogels. Furthermore, water content in the pre-polymerization mixture was a main factor determining physical appearance of the samples, where increase in water content resulted in polymerization induced phase separation, demonstrated by opaqueness of preparations containing 60 and 75% (w/w) of H2O. In addition to this, swelling, gel fraction, compression and rheological measurements are found to be influenced by the amount of water incorporated in the hydrogels, resulting in the increased distance between polymer chains within the network. Furthermore this resulted in an apparent decrease in viscoelastic and mechanical properties of compositions, as well as in lowering their crosslinking density and compressive strength. Preliminary cytotoxicity results show no toxicity of the samples with approximately 80% cell viability after 24 h exposure of MC3T3-E1 Subclone 4 cells to the hydrogels, thus indicating that these materials could be potentially applied in the biomedical arena.
Modified Virtual Semi-Circle Approach for a Reactive Collision Avoidance of a Mobile Robot in an Outdoor Environment
Authors: Farah R.N. , Irwan N. , Lailatul Zuraida Raja , Shahirah Amira , Omar Mohd Hanafi
Published: October 2014

There are numerous numbers of methods that have been introduced to the Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV) to find its optimal path. The purpose of this paper is to navigate a cost effective UGV known as MG-TruckS with optimal path planning in an outdoor environment. A Modified Virtual Semi Circle approach is proposed based on situated-activity paradigm. This approach is divided into two phase to compute a free collision path planning; detection and avoidance phase. Implementation of five ultrasonic range finder sensors with a very small blind zone created on purpose and the formation of three layers of influence zone shows the optimized path planning without making any unnecessary obstacle avoidance being computed.
A Simulation Study of Wireless Network Performance
Authors: Rozali Ahmad Zulhusny , Stewart Robert , Kennedy Sean
Published: October 2014

WSN technology has now become ubiquitous due to its flexibility, efficiency and affordability. For example the nodes in a WSN can be easily deployed in any targeted area and last for many years. The nodes can supply reliable data from within the environment with minimal disturbance to the target area.However challenges remain in providing real-time communication in some communication hostile conditions. It may not always be possible to leave the sensors in situ but instead data collection is through the use of mobile a WSN. For example as a vehicle fitted with sensing devices passes through an area of interest data is collected and relayed at certain gateway nodes back to a backhaul network for processing.In this paper our aim is to analyse the interference caused by a mobile jammer node to the stationary transmitter and receiver nodes in a network by using the OPNET Modeler software. This is early stage work aimed at developing a mobile WSN node in our future research.
Thermal Decomposition of Methane for Production of COx Free Hydrogen over Ni-Supported Y Zeolite Based Catalysts
Authors: Uddin Md. Nasir , Wan Daud W.M.A. , Abbas Hazzim F.
Published: October 2014

The thermo-catalytic decomposition (TCD) of methane has attracted the attention of numerous researchers’ around the world as an ideal approach for hydrogen production, which in turns, can be used as an appropriate feeding gas in fuel cells operating at low temperatures. The TCD of methane is capable to produce a valuable by–product, pure carbon, which can excessively alleviate the total cost of the process. In this study, we report TCD of methane over 30% Ni supported Y zeolite catalyst at 550 and 600 °C was conducted in a fixed bed reactor and the yield of hydrogen from the reactor was analyzed by GC. As can be observed that, the TCD of methane over Ni-supported Y zeolite showed maximum conversion (31 and 15.90 % at 600 and 550 °C, respectively) at the initial stages and on stream of reaction time, it decreased gradually; and ultimately, deactivated the catalyst completely. The cause for this is the formation of encapsulating carbon on Ni active sites which deactivates the catalyst over the course of reaction time. Hydrogen production rate, carbon accumulation (CA) and carbon formation rate (CFR) were investigated at three representative times for both temperatures. The CFR analysis showed that the growth of filamentous carbon was steady-state at the first stage and then reduced to a relic activity and it remains constant during the rest of the reaction. The descriptive dissemination of methane TCD over Ni-supported Y zeolite has been speculated in this paper.
Tribological Characteristics of Tetrahedral (ta-C) DLC Coating in the Presence of Commercial Lubricating Oil
Authors: Al Mahmud K.A.H. , Kalam M.A. , Sabri M.F.M. , Masjuki H.H. , Rashed M.M.
Published: October 2014

Currently, the application of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings for automotive components is becoming a favorable strategy to cope with the new challenges faced by the automotive industry. DLC coatings can effectively lower the coefficient of friction (CoF) and wear rate of engine components, consequently improving the fuel efficiency and durability of these components. Commercially available fully formulated lubricating oils enhance the lubrication of ferrous materials. Therefore, the interaction between nonferrous coatings (e.g., DLC) and commercial lubricating oil must be investigated. A ball-on-plate tribotester was used to run the experiments using stainless steel plates coated with tetrahedral DLC (ta-C) sliding against a 440C stainless steel ball. Wear track was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Energy dispersive spectroscopy was used to analyze the tribofilms inside the wear track. Raman analysis was performed to investigate the structural change of the coatings. At high temperatures, the CoF decreases but the wear rate increases in the ta-C DLC-coated plates. CoF and wear rate (coated layer and counter surface) are mostly influenced by coating graphitization.
Tensile Properties and Morphology of Recycled Latex Glove Filled Epoxidized Natural Rubber (ENR50) Compounds
Authors: Afiratul A.A. , Zulkepli Nik Noriman , Ruzaidi C.M. , Ting Sam Sung , OMAR MOHD FIRDAUS , Hazwan S.M.
Published: October 2014

The effects on the properties of recycled latex glove (RL-G) filled Epoxidized Natural Rubber (ENR 50) were studied. Both compounds were prepared by two roll mill at five different compositions of RL-G (5, 15, 25, 35 and 50 phr). The size range of RL-G particles i.e., S1 (300μm-700μm) and S2 (3cm-5cm) were used. The properties such as tensile properties (tensile strength, elongation at break, and stress at 100% elongation) and morphology studies were determined. The results indicated that the both size, S1 and S2 of recycled latex glove filled ENR 50 blends exhibited an increased in tensile strength and elongation at break for increasing weight ratio of RL-G. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the fracture surfaces shows that the fine size, S1 RL-G/ENR50 exhibited high surface roughness and matrix tearing lines than the coarse size, S2 thus improving the compatibility of RL-G/ENR50 compounds. The results overall indicated that the fine size, S1of RL-G filled ENR50 contributed to the better properties such as tensile strength and surface morphology compared to the coarse size, S2 mainly at 15 phr of RL-G content.
The Effect of Citric Acid on the Mechanical Properties of Thermoplastic Tapioca Starch/High Density Polyethylene/Natural Rubber Blends
Authors: Ab Wahab Mohamad Kahar , Ismail H. , Noriman N.Z. , Kamarudin H. , Mustafa Al Bakri A.M.
Published: October 2014

Effects of citric acid on the mechanical properties of thermoplastic tapioca starch/high density polyethylene/natural rubber (HDPE/NR/TPS) blends were investigated. The ratio between HDPE/NR was fixed at 70/30 and used as a matrix system. TPS loadings with and without modification with citric acid (CA) were varied from 0% to 30wt%. Mechanical and physical properties of blends were evaluated as a function of TPS loadings modified with and without CA. The tensile strength, Young’s modulus and elongation at break were found to decrease with increasing TPS content. However an improvement in the tensile strength for TPS modified with CA at 5%, 10% and 20% TPS loadings was observed. The degree of TPS adhesion and dispersion in HDPE/NR blends were determined by scanning electron microscope (SEM).Keywords; HDPE/NR/TPS, citric acid, tensile properties, morphology.
The Effect of Recycled Nitrile Glove Filled Epoxidised Natural Rubber 50 on Cure Characteristics and Swelling Properties
Authors: Norhafizah Z. , Noriman N.Z. , Mustafa Al Bakri A.M. , Fatin M.H. , Ridhwan J.N.M. , Ibrahim Lokman Hakim
Published: October 2014

The effects on properties of recycle nitrile glove (NBRr) filled Epoxidised Natural Rubber (ENR 50) was studied. Compound was prepared by two roll mill at five different compositions of NBRr (5, 15, 25, 35 and 50 phr). Two different size ranges of NBRr particles i.e., 300μm-700μm (fine) and 3cm-5cm (coarse) were used. The properties of cure characteristics (cure time, scorch time, minimum torque, and maximum torque) and swelling test were determined. Results indicated that the incorporation of fine size NBRr loading on ENR 50 provides better improvement both on cure characteristics and swelling behaviour mainly at 15 phr of NBRr compared to the coarser size NBRr particles.
The Effect of Trans-Polyoctylene Rubber (TOR) as Compatibilizer on Recycled Nitrile Glove (NBRr) Filled Natural Rubber Compound: Tensile Test and Morphology Studies
Authors: Fatin M.H. , Noimam N.Z. , Sam S.T. , Zakaria Muhammad Salihin , Norhafizah Z. , Nik Yahya N.Z.
Published: October 2014

Tensile test and morphology studies were performed to determine the influences of Trans-polyoctylene Rubber (TOR) as compatibilizer of NBRr filled ENR 50 with composition of 15 phr. Fine size (300μm-700μm) of NBRr was used as fillers. Both uncompatibilized and compatibilized NBRr/ENR 50 were prepared using two roll mill at room temperature with different php of 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0. It can be observed that tensile strength and modulus of elasticity were decreased as increased in TOR loading before started to increased at 1.5 up to 3.0. Meanwhile, the increment in the value of elongation at break when increased in the addition of TOR. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the tensile surface fracture of increased TOR loading illustrated a better adhesion and dispersion in comparison of low amount of TOR loading.
Chloroform Gas Sensor Based on Chitosan Biopolymer
Authors: Chandrasakaran Devi Shantini , Nainggolan Irwana , Derman Mohd Nazree B. , Ikhsan Tulus
Published: October 2014

Chloroform classified as one of the hazardous chemical to human. Therefore, monitoring the chloroform concentration in air is vital. In this study, chitosan powder was dissolved in 2% of acetic acid to form chitosan solution gel. It was subsequently deposited on printed circuit board (PCB) by using electrochemical deposition technique. The response of the chitosan sensor towards chloroform was tested via electrical testing by exposing different chloroform concentration ranging from 10 ppm, 20 ppm, 30 ppm, 40 ppm, and 50 ppm using air exposure technique. The response of the chitosan sensor towards chloroform was recorded as output voltage. Sensing properties of the chitosan sensor which include sensitivity, stability, recovery, and repeatability were studied. The electrical result showed that output voltage increases as the concentration of chloroform increases. All the sensing properties were achieved. The structure characterization of the chitosan was studied using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The appearance of N-H and O-H groups in FTIR spectrum of chitosan film provides evidence that the domain functional group exist in chitosan after it was processed into film.