bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rolul Strategiei naționale de securitate pentru securitatea națională a Statelor Unite ale Americii
Authors:   Universitatea de Biblioteconomie și Tehnologii ale Informației,Sofia, Bulgaria, BOGDANOV Plamen
Published: November 2022

The paper analyses the nature and role of the National Security Strategy within the national security of the United States of America in different historical periods of the country’s development and international relations. The US national security strategies since the end of the Second World War up to the present day have been studied and, on this basis, it is concluded that today the scope of the strategy’s purposes have been expanded, which further increases the importance and role of this fundamental document for the national security of the country.
Bătălia Kievului ‒ considerații privind desfășurarea operațiilior militare la nivel tactic ‒
Authors:   Universitatea Națională de Apărare „Carol I”, NISTORESCU Claudiu Valer
Published: November 2022

"The military operations conducted on the territory of Ukraine during the conflict started by the Russian Federation on 24 February 2022 show that the chances for large-scale combat operations in Europe have significantly increased. Consequently, the way those operations are carried out must be carefully reconsidered. Adapting to the requirements of the modern battlefield requires a rapid multi-domain integration of new technologies and modern weapon systems. Therefore, doctrinal changes are required. There is no doubt that the Battle of Kiev is a valuable source of information for military leaders, regarding the conduct of military operations at each level. Therefore, a pertinent analysis in relation to the factors that have contributed to the battle’s outcome could be very helpful. The main objective of the analysis is to highlight lessons on the topic of planning and carrying out military operations at tactical level. It emphasises both the determining factors for the failure of the Russian offensive and the features that gave the Ukrainian forces the upper hand, ensuring the successful defence operation. The research methodology is based on the qualitative evaluation of the available information, to enable an assessment of the battle from the combat functions perspective with the aim to identify possible gaps in Western armies’ way to carry out combat operations."
Aerial Surveillance – Evolutions and Enduring Trends
Authors:   “Carol I” National Defence University, PÎRJOL Pătru
Published: November 2022

"The scientific and technological progress registered in the last decades has contributed to the development of radars with supreme radar detection abilities to better detect the air attack means of the enemy. These means, in turn, have contributed to the improvement of the parameters of the airborne surveillance systems in order to detect and to counter aerial threats. The structural and functional dynamics of the aerial surveillance systems have pursued continuous adaptation to the complexity of the battlefield environment in modern warfare, ensuring the information necessary for the coherent and effective engagement of forces in the conduct of military operations."
Poverty risk estimation on the basis of Sen’s capability approach with the application of the MIMIC model
Authors: Kraszewska Beata
Published: November 2022

Poverty is a problem which concerns not only the affected individual, but also a whole society. Poverty tends to hinder or even prevent the economic growth and social development of a country. Therefore, undertaking action which could reduce poverty is of great importance, as is the provision of ongoing help to impoverished individuals (households). The main aim of the research presented in the paper is a multidimensional analysis of poverty risk in the framework of capability approach developed by Amartya Sen. The article also aims at defining the determinants of poverty which increase or decrease the risk of its occurrence, and comparing the poverty risk estimations obtained through the adoption of the multidimensional and unidimensional approach. The research concerning Poland (e.g. by regions) used data from the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) survey, carried out by Statistics Poland in 2018. The measurement was operationalised by means of a special variant of structural equations modelling (SEM) – the multiple indicators and multiple causes model (MIMIC). The MIMIC model used deprivation symptoms that reflected the degree to which respondents were unable to satisfy their needs. The model also took into account the factors that increase or reduce the risk of poverty.
The results of the estimations demonstrate that the level of education has the most significant impact on reducing the risk of poverty, while a low activity on the job market, i.e. being a pensioner or unemployed, increases the odds of becoming poor to the greatest extent. The regions most prone to poverty in multidimensional terms are: the Eastern macro-region, rural areas, pensioners’ households and non-family multi-person households. The aforementioned results have been compared with the measurement of poverty according to the unidimensional approach. The study shows the differences between the rankings of poverty risk by macro-region, size of the place of residence, source of household income and by household type from obtained through multidimensional and unidimensional approaches. This comparison demonstrates that the unidimensional approach is insufficient for the identification of the poor.
Bringing top researchers to Freiburg
Authors:   FRIAS, Kortmann Bernd , Brandt Katrin
Published: November 2022

The FRIAS Co-Fund Fellowship Programme gives leading researchers from all disciplines the opportunity to study at Freiburg, helping them broaden their experience and build networks that can support future projects. The FCFP programme is designed to support international researchers and help them build their careers in the academic sector, as Dr Katrin Brandt and Professor Bernd Kortmann explain.
New skills for new challenges
Authors:   Deusto International Research Project Office (IRPO), Uriarte Osane , Kalocsay Noémi , Husiev Oleksandr , Angarita Juan
Published: November 2022

A stimulating research environment helps students develop the skills they will need in their future careers, whether in academia or industry. We spoke to Osane Uriarte, Noémi Kalocsay, Oleksandr Husiev and Juan Sebastian Angarita about the 6i- DIRS COFUND project, an initiative that aims to help PhD students develop the skills they will need to meet tomorrow’s challenges.
Innovating to make wave energy viable
Authors:   Queen’s University Belfast, Folley Matt , Frost Carwyn , Lamont-Kane Paul
Published: November 2022

Developing Innovative Strategies to Extract Ocean Wave Energy, or the LiftWEC project, is exploring the potential of using lift forces generated by ocean waves as a source of power. Principal Researcher, Matt Folley, seeks to finally prove waves can make sense as the next big renewable.
The intricate details behind the formation of food preferences
Authors:   Champalimaud Foundation, Oliveira-Maia Albino J.
Published: November 2022

How do we choose what we would like to eat? Revealing the factors that influence food selection has been a crucial question in the study of eating behaviour. Dr. Oliveira-Maia and his research team at the CalorieRL project are working on a more exact understanding of the mechanisms that drive and reinforce food-seeking behaviour.
New scalable strategy for challenging plant-based medicines
Authors:   Technical University of Denmark, Jensen Michael K
Published: November 2022

A European consortium working on the MIAMi project is using yeast to support sustainable, scalable production of complex chemical compounds in rare plants, to harness their valuable healthcare and pharmaceutical properties. We speak to Dr. Michael Krogh Jensen, Group Leader & Senior Researcher from the Technical University of Denmark.
مقصد حفظ النفس في فقه المياه تمرين في نقد الأمثال الشارحة وتجديدها في الدرس المقاصدي
Authors: البيومي غانم إبراهيم
Published: November 2022

هذا الكتاب دراسـة في فقه المقاصد تركز على تجلي ‏مقصد حفظ النفس في فقه المياه والحث على كيفية تجديد البحث في فقه المياه على نحو ‏يسهم في تحقيق مقصد "حفظ النفس" في واقع المجتمعات المعاصرة . أجاب المؤلف في هذا الكتاب عن سؤال صعب ‏ومحرج لذوي الاختصاص بشأن الأمثال الشارحة في الدرسين الفقهي والمقاصدي، وهو: لماذا ظلت تلك ‏الأمثال الشارحة في باب المياه على حالها دون تجديد منذ قرون طويلة، وما الذي يسوغ استحضارها حتى ‏اليوم دون زيادة أو نقاصان أو تعديل؛ رغم التحولات الجذرية التي حدثت في الحياة الاجتماعية والاقتصادية ‏والسياسية والتشريعية والثقافية؟! وقد أشار المؤلف إلى شيوع هذه الحالة في علم الفقه وأصوله وفي علم المقاصد ‏بصفة عامة. وسيجد القاريء الكريم ‏أيضاً أن المؤلف قد قصد إلى لفت الانتباه نحو منطقة لم تلق ما تستحقه من اهتمام الباحثين المعاصرين، ‏وهي المنطقة الواقعة بين "المقاصد" و"الفقه"؛ ووجوب أن يكون الفقه في خدمة المقاصد ومحكوماً بها، لا ‏حاكما عليها على المستويين النظري والتطبيقي. وقصد كذلك أن يفتح باب الاجتهاد والتجديد في فقه المياه ‏بمعطياتها العصرية، وبمعايير المقاصد العامة للشريعة الغراء التي تعلي حق الحرية، وتمجد حق الحياة، ‏وترعى المصالح الجماعية؛ دون تهيب أو تسيب، وإنما بتعقل وتبصر.
تاريخ حلقات العلم في الحرمين الشريفين
Authors: طاشكندي عباس صالح
Published: November 2022

الكتاب الذي بين أيدينا هو إصدار جديد لسلسلة من الدراسات المكّية والمدنية، التي تختصّ بتاريخ المدينتين الشريفتين، التي تصدرها موسوعة مكة المكرمة والمدينة المنورة التابعة لمؤسسة الفرقان للتراث الإسلامي، ويضمّ في طياته نشوء حلقات العلم في مكَّة المُكرَّمة والمدينة المُنَوَّرة، منذ العهد النبوي والخلفاء الراشدين، مرورًا بالعهد الأموي والعباسي والمملوكي والعثماني، إلى عصر نا الحاضر. كما يشرح بالتفصيل أنواع الكتاتيب التعليمية وتزايدها، والمدارس النظامية المجاورة للحرمين الشريفين، وكيف تمّ إنشاء الدروس المخصّصة بعقد الحلقات العلمية فيهما. ثم يعرج الكتاب على الرباطات والدور العلمي الذي قامت به خلال العصور الإسلامية، سواء بتوفير وسائل الراحة من إيواء وإطعام وخدمات طبية للعـلماء والفقهاء وطلاب العلم الوافدين إلى الحرمين الشريفين من البلاد الإسلامية، أو إسهامها في نشاط الحركة التعليمية، حيث كان هؤلاء العلماء يقومون بحلقات في علم القراءات وعلوم الفقه وأصوله وعلوم الحديث الشريف وعلوم اللغة العربية والعلوم العقلية. كما يتناول الكتاب نظام الهيئة العلمية، ونظام التدريس العام في المسجد الحرام، وأشهر الحصوات والأروقة التي عقدت فيها حلقات العلم، ويُختَتم بتراجم علماء الحرمين.
Russian Foreign Policy Dynamics in the South Caucasus. Continuity and Existing Problems
Authors:   Center for Culture and Civilization Studies, Brutian Anush
Published: November 2022

History helps us to create a wider picture of the reality in which the South Caucasus exists now. That is why we are going to discover the influence of the Russian Imperial and Soviet eras on the states in the region and identify the causality of foreign policy relations between Russia and the South Caucasian states. The main question is why neither Russia nor any of the individual South Caucasian states succeeded in developing an effective strategy towards each other despite their shared borders in the Russia-Azerbaijan and Russia-Georgia cases and being a proclaimed strategic partner in the case of Armenia? How did the Soviet period influence the current state of relations between Russia and the South Caucasian states? Those are the issues analyzed in this paper. International relations in the South Caucasus are convoluted because of their rich and complicated past, among other things. Over the centuries, interstate relations inside the region developed in unpredictable directions. Georgia was a real partner for Russia in the conquest of the Caucasus in the 19th century. Yet, since 1991, relations between Russia and Georgia have been tense at best. The proclaimed secular states of Azerbaijan, though mainly Shia, and Turkey, which is mostly Sunni, are now solid allies, whereas Armenia enjoys a relationship of trust with the Islamic Republic of Iran. Turkey, Iran, and Russia are still the main external players in the region though they have, to some extent, even become “domesticated”. Except for a brief period of turmoil during the Bolshevik Revolution and the ensuing Russian Civil War, the entire Caucasus remained within the Russian sphere of influence until the collapse of the Soviet Union. Even now Russia continues to play a significant role in economy, energy and security policy in the South Caucasus.
Conflicts of Interest and New Challenges and Risks in Syria: Possible Consequences for Armenia’s Security After the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh/Artsakh War
Authors:   Center for Culture and Civilization Studies, Mkrtchyan Tatevik
Published: November 2022

N/A
Les facteurs humains et organisationnels de la sécurité industrielle: un état de l’art
Authors: Daniellou François , Simard Marcel , Boissières Ivan
Published: November 2022

Ce document propose une synthèse des connaissances sur les facteurs humains et organisationnels de la sécurité industrielle (FHOS). Il s’attache à intégrer les facteurs humains et organisationnels dans les politiques et pratiques de sécurité industrielle. Ce qui nécessite de pouvoir s’appuyer sur des connaissances nouvelles ouvrant aux sciences humaines et sociales (ergonomie, psychologie, sociologie, etc.), tout en faisant le lien avec des problématiques opérationnelles concrètes.
Investigando o Impacto das Coocorrências de Code Smells nos Atributos Internos de Qualidade
Authors: Martins Júlio Serafim , Bezerra Carla I. M.
Published: November 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar o impacto de coocorrências de code smells para os atributos internos de qualidade, como coesão, acoplamento, complexidade, herança e tamanho e também para os desenvolvedores. Foram executados dois estudos em projetos industriais, e os principais resultados e contribuições desse trabalho, são: (i) as coocorrências Feature Envy–God Class, Dispersed Coupling–God Class e God Class-Long Method são extremamente prejudiciais para a qualidade de software e para os desenvolvedores; (ii) o número de coocorrências de code smells tende a aumentar durante o desenvolvimento do sistema; (iii) desenvolvedores têm mais dificuldade para entender códigos contendo coocorrências de smells; e, (iv) desenvolvedores ainda possuem inseguranças em relação a identificação e refatoração de code smells e suas coocorrências. A partir dos resultados deste trabalho, foi possível gerar um catálogo prático sobre a remoção das coocorrências de code smells mais prejudicais para os atributos interno de qualidade e também sob a perspectiva dos desenvolvedores.
Exploring Ethical Requirements Elicitation for Applications in the Context of AI
Authors: Cerqueira José Antonio Siqueira de , Canedo Edna Dias
Published: November 2022

Ethical concerns arises from the proliferation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) based systems in use. AI ethics has been approached mainly in guidelines and principles, not providing enough practical guidance for developers. Hence, we aim to present RE4AI Ethical Guide and its evaluation. We used the Design Science Research methodology to understand the problem, present the guide and evaluate it through a survey. The Guide is composed of 26 cards across 11 principles. Our preliminary results reveal that it has the potential to facilitate the elicitation of ethical requirements. Thus, we contribute to bridge the gap between principles and practice by assisting developers to elicit ethical requirements and operationalise ethics in AI.
Aproximando Indústria e Academia para Formação e Captação de Talentos em Desenvolvimento de Software no Sertão do Ceará: Um Relato de Experiência Preliminar sobre o Programa mandacaru.dev
Authors: Araújo Allyson Allex , Feitosa Alexandre , Villela Dariam , Pêssoa Emanuel
Published: November 2022

Pautando-se na aliança entre indústria e academia, o mandacaru.dev surge com o propósito de lapidar talentos do sertão do Ceará através de um programa de capacitação imersiva alinhado aos desafios digitais das empresas B3, PDtec e BLK, em parceria com a Universidade Federal do Ceará. Assim, este artigo objetiva compartilhar um relato de experiência inicial sobre tal programa, incluindo os resultados preliminares. Como contribuição, debatese uma experiência pertinente, baseado na cooperação indústria-academia, de formação e captação talentos em desenvolvimento de software.
Conjunto de Artefatos para Representação de Boas Práticas em MLOps
Authors: Matsui Beatriz Mayumi Andrade , Goya Denise Hideko
Published: November 2022

Um dos desafios mais comuns para profissionais que atuam com o desenvolvimento e implantação de sistemas de aprendizado de máquina é a ausência de um padrão ou desconhecimento de melhores práticas no que concerne a MLOps – termo que representa a aplicação de práticas DevOps ao aprendizado de máquina. Na literatura, estudos têm mostrado a aplicabilidade de MLOps em contextos específicos, mas poucos fornecem recomendações de melhores práticas para sua efetiva adoção. Neste contexto o presente trabalho propõe um conjunto de artefatos (conceito derivado do método de pesquisa Design Science Research) para contribuir na compreensão e adoção de MLOps de forma mais efetiva por profissionais e pesquisadores da área.
Utilizando Algoritmos de Machine Learning Caixa Branca para Avaliar a Manutenibilidade dos Modelos de Features
Authors: Silva Públio , Bezerra Carla , Machado Ivan
Published: November 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho foi utilizar modelos de Machine Learning (ML) caixa branca para classificar a manutenibilidade do Modelo de Features (MF), com base em 15 medidas de manutenibilidade. Como resultados, foi utilizado o algoritmo de árvore de decisão que obteve acurácia e precisão de 0,81, F1 de 0,79 e AUC-ROC de 0,91. Utilizando este modelo, houve redução da quantidade de medidas necessárias para avaliar a manutenibilidade do MF de 15 para 9 medidas. A árvore de decisão gerada pelo algoritmo foi utilizada para criar um mecanismo capaz de fornecer sugestões de mudança nas medidas de manutenibilidade para que a manutenibilidade do artefato melhore. Também foi implementada uma ferramenta com algoritmo escolhido para automação da classificado do MF.
Um Relato da Experiência do Ensino de Simulação com Teoria das Filas
Authors: Pinheiro Francisco Victor da S. , Coutinho Emanuel F.
Published: November 2022

Simular sistemas auxilia a entender melhor o comportamento e experimentar mudanças. No contexto da Engenharia de Software, simulações podem auxiliar na alocação dos recursos humanos, no sequenciamento de atividades, na distribuição de tarefas, e consequentemente nos custos associados, gargalos e planejamento. Uma técnica de simulação conhecida e aplicada em diversas áreas é a Teoria das Filas. Nesse contexto, a Teoria das Filas surge como uma opção para trabalhar simulação no desenvolvimento e manutenção de software, podendo auxiliar na distribuição da equipe do projeto ou na avaliação do nível de serviço. Este trabalho tem como objetivo relatar a utilização de Teoria das Filas com foco no desenvolvimento de sistemas em uma disciplina do mestrado. Como resultados, além de disseminar a área de simulação, houve um feedback favorável dos alunos para explorar a Teoria da Filas em outras oportunidades.
Utilizando o Framework Xtext na Implementação de uma Linguagem de Domínio Específico para Modelagem e Projeto de Bancos de Dados Relacionais
Authors: Lopes Jonnathan , Bernardino Maicon , Rodrigues Elder
Published: November 2022

O desenvolvimento de uma DSL não é uma tarefa trivial, pois são linguagens de programação de domínio específico que possuem uma gramática própria. Desta forma, faz-se necessário o uso de ferramentas que suportem a definição dos conceitos inerentes a uma nova linguagem. Este trabalho apresenta o relato de experiência no desenvolvimento de uma DSL utilizando o framework Xtext. Tem como objetivo apresentar uma alternativa para a definição de uma notação textual para modelagem conceitual de bancos de dados relacionais.
Conceito de Working Set de Processadores em Sistemas Paralelos com Multiprogramação
Authors: Chaimowicz Luiz , Árabe José Nagib Cotrim
Published: November 2022

Este trabalho realiza um estudo sobre o conceito de Working Set de Processadores em sistemas paralelos multi programados e discute a implementação de duas políticas de escalonamento baseadas nesse conceito. Resultados obtidos através de simulações mostram que uma dessas políticas tem um bom desempenho comparando-se a outras já existentes.
Ambiente de Desenvolvimento e Avaliação de Algoritmos de Exclusão Mútua para Sistemas Distribuídos
Authors: Couto Kêmio de Oliveira , Mendes Marco Aurélio de Souza , Carvalho Osvaldo S. F.
Published: November 2022

Este trabalho apresenta um ambiente de desenvolvimento, avaliação e comparação, por simulação, de algoritmos de exclusão mútua para sistemas distribuídos. Dois tipos de serviços são fornecidos por esse ambiente: a exportação de um conjunto de primitivas que facilitam a implementação desses algoritmos e ferramentas básicas para análise dos resultados das simulações. O apêndice deste trabalho descreve uma aplicação prática do uso do conjunto de primitivas. Espera-se que este trabalho seja útil para pesquisadores da área de sistemas distribuídos durante a implementação, análise e comparação desses algoritmos.
On The Early Research in Visuo-Motor Coordination based on Neural Networks
Authors: Campos Tarcísio Passos Ribeiro de
Published: November 2022

This paper presents various models that have approched the visuo-motor coordination in human beings. These selected models are based on neural networks coupled with intuitive ideas which try to explain how human beings solve the arm coordenation problem. Basically, the goals are the simulation of the circular reaction found in infants, the path planning or the solution of the inverse kinematics into a robot environment. A model proposed by the author is discussed and qualitativy analyses are made.
Avaliando Mecanismos de Tratamento de Dependências de Controle em Arquiteturas Super Escalares
Authors: Chaves Filho Eliseu Monteiro , Fernandes Edil Severiano Tavares
Published: November 2022

Dependências de controle, provocadas pelas instruções de desvio, podem representar uma séria limitação para o desempenho de arquiteturas super escalares. Neste trabalho, avaliamos o efeito de três diferentes mecanismos de tratamento de dependências de controle sobre o desempenho de uma arquitetura super escalar. No primeiro mecanismo, o despacho de instruções é interrompido em cada dependência de controle. No segundo mecanismo, uma unidade funcional especializada é incluída na arquitetura para tornar mais eficiente a execução das instruções de desvio. O terceiro mecanismo suporta a execução especulativa de instruções, permitindo a continuidade do despacho de instruções na presença de dependências de controle. Mostramos que ao bloquear o despacho estamos restringindo significativamente o desempenho da arquitetura, e que a introdução de uma unidade de desvios é uma maneira simples de melhorar o desempenho. Este trabalho também mostra os níveis de desempenho que podem ser obtidos com a execução especulativa de instruções.
Parallel Finite Element Simulation of Tracer lnjection in Oil Reservoirs
Authors: Coutinho Alvaro L. G. A. , Alves José L. D.
Published: November 2022

In this work, parallel finite element techniques for the simulation of tracer injection in oil reservoirs are addressed. The pressure equation is approximated by Galerkin's method and the velocity field computed through a post-processing approach to recover the required accuracy. The concentration equation is approximated in space by the Streamline Upwind Petrov Galerkin (SUPG) plus a discontinuity-capturing operator. The resulting semi-discrete equations are approximated in time by a predictor-multicorrector algorithm. The pressure, velocity and concentration linear systems of equations are solved with parallel element-by-element iterative techniques. Performance measurements on the CRAY YMP and the CRAY C90 for the injection of tracer on a five-spot pattem with random small scale permeability variations are performed to demonstrate that the numerical techniques employed are accurate and result in a fast code.
Placement por simulated annealing em um cluster de estações de trabalho
Authors: Knopman Jonas , Aude Júlio Salek
Published: November 2022

A resolução de problemas de otimização combinatória com base no método de Simulated Annealing mostrou produzir resultados de extrema qualidade mas, tipicamente, a um custo de processamento muito alto. Visando reduzir este custo diversas soluções têm sido propostas com o uso de hardware dedicado, processadores velozes ou explorando possibilidades de paralelizar o algoritmo. Neste artigo é apresentada uma implementação paralela do algoritmo de simulated annealing visando resolver o problema do placement de células no projeto de circuitos impressos ou de circuitos VLSI. É mostrado que a escolha do mecanismo de paralelização é influenciada pela temperatura. Em particular introduz-se a idéia do uso de estratégias adaptativas que, dinamicamente, mudam o esquema de partição do problema visando obter o máximo de desempenho. O algoritmo foi implementado em um cluster de workstations usando PVM (Parallel Virtual Machine) formando assim uma máquina paralela virtual com comunicação através de troca de mensagens. O algoritmo seqüencial é apresentado juntamente com algumas técnicas de paralelização. São apresentadas medidas extensivas da qualidade dos algoritmos propostos bem como são levantados uma série de problemas, alguns dos quais levaram a modificações dos algoritmos inicialmente testados enquanto outros mantêm-se ainda não resolvidos.
Parallel Processing Applied to Robot Manipulator Trajectory Planning
Authors: Nomiyama Denis Hamilton , Hirakawa André Riyuiti , Sato Líria Matsumoto
Published: November 2022

The parallel processing has been applied in real time systems which require intensive data processing. Ao application which requires high performance processing is that related to the control of the trajectory planning of a manipulator. There are several methods for conducting the trajectory planning. One of them is the Variational method. This method consists of an iteractive process for executing the calculations related to the configuration of joints of a redundant manipulator. As in every iteractive procedure, the Variational method demands high volume of processing, causing a delay that wouldn't allow a real-time system to work, and also its simulations. To solve this problem, parallel processing can be used. This paper presents a parallel processing algorithm to solve the trajectory planning problem, based on redundant manipulator joints. In this case, the Variational method is applied with the use of a parallel architecture.
Matrix calculations with SIMD floating point instructions on x86 processors
Authors: Muezerie André , Nakashima Raul J. , Travieso Gonzalo , Slaets Jan
Published: November 2022

This paper describes and evaluates the use of SIMD floating point instructions for scientific calculations. The performance of these instructions is compared with ordinary floating point code. Implementation concerns, the effects of loop unroll as well as matrix size variations are analyzed. Execution speeds are compared using matrix multiplication. The intrinsic incompatibility of the SIMD floating point implementations used by different manufacturers requires the use of two different instruction sets: 3DNOW! on the AMD K6 processor and the Streaming-SIMD Extensions (SSE) on the Intel Pentium III processor.
Pool of Processors on the Web
Authors: Lopes Denivaldo , Saavedra Osvaldo , Abdelouahab Zair
Published: November 2022

This paper presents ESOW (An Environment of Shared Object for Web) to support parallel and distributed programming on Web or Intranet. The environment allows that computers with low computational resources take advantage of idle computers present on the Web. ESOW is a Pool of available computers to share two basic resources: processor and memory. The main entities in this environment are passive and active objects. Passive objects are lists, stacks and queues which store others objects defined by users. While active objects are processes. The proposed environment implements load balancing and tolerance to fault. Some tests show the ESOW power.
An Architecture for Automatic Load Distribution on Distributed Objects Computing Systems
Authors: Senger Hermes , Sato Líria Matsumoto
Published: November 2022

In this paper we propose an architecture for load distribution in distributed object computing systems. Our strategy implements load distribution both at request level and at object level. The load distribution mechanism is integrated at service level, and is based on system resources monitoring and application monitoring. Finally, we discuss some implementation aspects and show that the architecture may be used in DOC systems such as CORBA, DCOM and Java/RMI.
Parallelizing MCP-Haskell for Evaluating Haskell# Parallel Programming Environment
Authors: Carvalho Jr. F. H. , Lins R. D. , Lima R. M. F.
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we present the parallelization of a sequential functional implementation of a Monte Carlo Transport Problem, called MCP-Haskell[Hammes et al., 1995], using Haskell#. This experiment gave us important feedback for evaluating Haskel# features, helping us to answer some questions, like how expressive is Haskel# for representing known parallel computational patterns, how easy it is to build large scale parallel programs in an elegant and concise way, and how efficient are Haskell# programs. Based on our conclusions, we suggest new features to be incorporated in Haskel# to improve its expressiveness and performance. We also present the performance figures for the MCP-Haskell# benchmark.
Das Lacan’sche Tier
Authors: Aigner Andreas
Published: November 2022

Anthropocentrism and the fact that some animals are just considered a means to an end while others are loved are often subject to criticism in animal ethics. Drawing on the psychoanalytic theories of Jacques Lacan, the author examines how the apparent ambivalence in human–animal relationships is based on different forms of enjoyment. Referring to the Real, the Symbolic and the Imaginary, which according to Lacan define human reality, the author shows how enjoyment and its limits shape, for example, how we think about pets, farm animals or wild animals. This alternative perspective will contribute to a better understanding of the challenges in human–animal relationships.
Metaverse in Ophthalmology: The Convergence of Virtual and Physical Space in Eye Care
Authors: Benet David , Pellicer-Valero Oscar J.
Published: November 2022

We all live in a hybrid world of both online and offline experiences. Especially since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, we are now more connected than ever. The aim of the metaverse, which is made up of the terms “meta” which means “beyond”, and “verse” which comes from the word “universe”, is to simplify these means of communication by minimising inconveniences and improving experiences in the physical world. Simultaneously, the multitude of data that is part of our lives is moving us towards an irreversibly digital future.

Data are the raw material that feeds machine learning and artificial intelligence algorithms, which allow us to make decisions based on the analysis of historical events, and to predict future behaviour. In addition to this, 6G, the sixth generation of hyper-speed mobile connectivity, together with new models of cloud computing, will allow for disruptive developments economy, machine learning, social analytics, blockchain, and health, among many others. Digital transformation is already part of our lives, and the health sector and the therapeutic field of ophthalmology are no exceptions.

New technologies based on metaverse are emerging to improve medical education and training as well as processes and procedures in all stages of patient journey from diagnosis, monitoring, surgical procedures and adherence to medical treatment. We are facing a “virtual life” that is evolving amidst social and ethical challenges. Will the metaverse really allow the virtual and physical space to come together? Will it improve patient healthcare in the field of ophthalmology?
Creencias y actitudes de los atletas sobre el dolor lumbar
Authors: Pierobon Andrés , Policastro Pablo Oscar , Soliño Santiago , Andreu Mauro Federico , Novoa Gabriel Adrián , Raguzzi Ignacio , Villalba Federico José
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Identificar las creencias de los deportistas acerca del dolor lumbar. Como objetivo secundario, proponemos averiguar si las creencias reportadas difieren según la experiencia del dolor lumbar.

Materiales y método: Estudio transversal tipo encuesta. Se invitó a atletas (recreacionales, amateurs y profesionales), mayores de 18 años con o sin dolor lumbar, a participar de una encuesta online a través de las redes sociales. Se utilizó el cuestionario Back Pain Attitudes Questionnaire (Back-PAQ) para evaluar las creencias sobre la espalda. Las opciones de las preguntas del Back-PAQ fueron clasificadas como “positivas”, “neutras” o “negativas”.

Resultados: Un total de 1591 respuestas fueron incluidas en el análisis. La media del puntaje total del Back-PAQ fue 113,1 (Intervalo de Confianza 95%, 112,5 - 113,7) con un puntaje mínimo de 63 y máximo de 148. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los grupos observados (p= 0,51). Los atletas con dolor actual tuvieron creencias menos útiles que aquellos con historia de dolor lumbar: mediana de 115 (rango intercuartílico 108 - 121) versus 113 (rango intercuartílico 105 - 120); p= 0,002.

Conclusión: Los atletas presentaron creencias predominantemente negativas sobre el dolor de espalda, independientemente del nivel de competencia. Prevalecieron los conceptos erróneos sobre la vulnerabilidad de la espalda y la necesidad de protegerla. Se expresaron creencias positivas sobre el pronóstico de un episodio de dolor lumbar.
Síndrome de Guillain-Barré asociado a infección por SARS-CoV-2 en un niño
Authors: López Mara , Frydman Judith
Published: November 2022

Introducción: La bibliografía ha reportado una estrecha vinculación entre el virus SARS-CoV-2 y las complicaciones neurológicas que afectan al sistema nervioso. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir la evolución y tratamiento de un niño con Síndrome de Guillain-Barré, asociada a infección por SARS-CoV-2, con requerimiento de traqueostomía, en su aspecto motor, deglutorio y respiratorio.

Presentación del caso: Niño de 2 años con diagnóstico presuntivo de Síndrome de Guillain-Barré. Como antecedentes, presentó disminución progresiva de la fuerza muscular asociada a dificultad respiratoria, requerimiento de intubación orotraqueal, asistencia ventilatoria mecánica y traqueostomía. Luego de 56 días de implementación del plan de destete, logró la desvinculación de la asistencia ventilatoria mecánica y 7 días más tarde la decanulación. Requirió 68 días de soporte ventilatorio. Se realizó intervención kinésica desde el inicio. Al momento del alta, el paciente lograba sedestación independiente y bipedestación con apoyo, con debilidad distal de miembros superiores e inferiores.

Conclusión: Se describió la evolución de un paciente con Síndrome de Guillain-Barré y asociación con infección por SARS-CoV-2, con afectación motora, requerimiento de asistencia ventilatoria mecánica y traqueostomía. Fue dado de alta alcanzando la desvinculación del soporte ventilatorio, decanulación, alimentación oral y persistencia de déficit motor distal.
Características clínico-demográficas en sujetos con vértigo posicional paroxístico benigno al ingreso a rehabilitación vestibular en un hospital de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires
Authors: Scaminaci Russo Federico , Candoni Gerardo , Coronel Elizabeth , Tomadin Romina , Valdez Marcos
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Describir las características clínico-demográficas de sujetos con VPPB al ingreso a rehabilitación vestibular en un hospital de rehabilitación de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires en el periodo comprendido entre los años 2010 y 2021.

Materiales y método: Estudio descriptivo, observacional y transversal. Se llevó a cabo mediante la técnica de muestreo no probabilístico. Se categorizó a las variables en características clínico-demográficas, aquellas relacionadas al diagnóstico y a la evaluación.

Resultados: Se obtuvo una muestra de 102 sujetos con la alteración vestibular, de los cuales 79 fueron mujeres con una mediana de edad de 71 años, encontrándose afectado el canal semicircular posterior en el 90,28% de los casos, con una predominancia del oído interno derecho en el 72,6%.

Conclusión: Se conocieron las características clínico-demográficas de los sujetos con VPPB entre los años 2010 y 2021 al ingreso a rehabilitación vestibular. La muestra estaba compuesta principalmente por mujeres, de edad avanzada, con 3 o más medicamentos y cuya afección más frecuente fue la canalitiasis de canal posterior derecho.
Evaluación del test Timed Up And Go en adultos mayores
Authors: Monzón Agustina María
Published: November 2022

Las caídas y sus complicaciones asociadas constituyen uno de los problemas más graves que enfrentan los adultos mayores. Entre un 30% y un 60% de la población adulta mayor presenta al menos una caída en el año y aproximadamente la mitad de ellos experimentan múltiples caídas. Éstas representan el 70% de las muertes accidentales en personas mayores de 75 años. La prevención eficaz de las caídas impacta significativamente en la disminución de las lesiones graves, reduciendo las consultas en los departamentos de emergencias, las hospitalizaciones, las admisiones en residencias de adultos mayores y el deterioro funcional. Se ha recomendado que toda persona que refiera un antecedente de caída se evalúe con el test Timed Up and Go (TUG). El objetivo del presente paso a paso es describir el TUG utilizado para evaluar el riesgo de caídas de los adultos mayores.
Adaptación transcultural y validación de contenido de un cuestionario para explorar las perspectivas de fisioterapeutas de Argentina con respecto al uso de factores contextuales en el dolor musculoesquelético
Authors: Andreu Mauro Federico , Policastro Pablo , Terrasa Sergio Adrián , Rossettini Giacomo , Testa Marco , Dias de Carvalho Tatiana , Pardo Yolanda
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Describir los procesos de adaptación transcultural al español argentino y validación de contenido de la versión italiana de un cuestionario para explorar los conocimientos, creencias y actitudes de los fisioterapeutas de Argentina con respecto al uso de factores contextuales en el dolor musculoesquelético.

Materiales y método: El diseño de este estudio es un modelo mixto que incluye métodos cualitativos y cuantitativos dividido en tres etapas: adaptación transcultural, validez de contenido y prueba piloto. Para la validez de contenido, se aplicó el método Delphi modificado de dos rondas y se calcularon el índice de validez de contenido (IVC), la razón de validez de contenido (RVC) y el índice kappa modificado. Se realizó una prueba piloto para determinar la factibilidad y validez de contenido de la versión final.

Resultados: Este estudio incluyó 30 fisioterapeutas. Luego de aplicar los lineamientos recomendados para la traducción y adaptación transcultural, la nueva versión conservó las principales dimensiones de la versión original.  La evaluación de la validez de contenido, realizada por un panel de expertos y mediante entrevistas cognitivas, determinó que los ítems incluidos en la versión resultante eran claros, relevantes y suficientes para el contexto argentino. De acuerdo con los resultados del análisis cuantitativo de la validez de contenido, las estimaciones del IVC, RVC y kappa alcanzaron valores iguales a 1,0.

Conclusión: Utilizando un enfoque sistemático e iterativo, se obtuvo la adaptación transcultural y validez de contenido del cuestionario en términos de claridad, relevancia y suficiencia, lo que permite evaluar a futuro sus propiedades psicométricas.
Plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos na atenção primária à saúde: contribuição para profissionais prescritores
Authors: Alice Beleza Macedo Jussara
Published: November 2022

A fitoterapia é amplamente difundida no Brasil, tanto sua utilização de modo empírico e tradicional, como com base científica. A Atenção Primária à Saúde é a porta de entrada do sistema de saúde e é o nível de assistência que permite maior interação com os usuários e entre os profissionais.  A Organização Mundial de Saúde e o Ministério da Saúde incentivam ações relacionadas com as práticas integrativas, principalmente a fitoterapia, tendo em vista o cenário mundial em relação a utilização de plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos, este estudo objetivou, realizar uma revisão bibliográfica integrativa com a finalidade de elencar informações que possam auxiliar os profissionais da atenção básica na prática de trabalho com a fitoterapia. Observou-se neste levantamento que o principal gargalo para o desenvolvimento da fitoterapia no Sistema Único de Saúde é a falta de conhecimento dos profissionais, em contra ponto a este, verificou-se abertura dos profissionais e usuários para utilização da fitoterapia como terapia farmacológica. Outro ponto importante que este estudo permitiu observar foi a existência de legislação norteadora de ações voltadas para a fitoterapia e a possibilidade de atuação da equipe multiprofissional da Atenção Básica na prescrição e orientação sobre o uso das plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos.
Dietary factors and thyroid dysfunction
Authors: Đuričić Ivana , Todorović Vanja , Dabetić Nevena , Zrnić-Cirić Milica , Ivanović Nevena , Vidović Bojana
Published: November 2022

Besides iodine deficiency, autoimmune Hashimoto thyroiditis is the leading cause of hypothyroidism globally, characterized by the increased titer of thyroid autoantibodies and destruction of thyroid cells. Graves' disease is the most common etiology of hyperthyroidism worldwide. Patients with thyroid dysfunction often require dietary modifications. Popular interventions include supplementation with certain vitamins and minerals, as well as trace elements such as iodine and selenium. The intake of food containing goitrogens should be limited. Goitrogens are substances of plant origin that interfere with the production of thyroid hormones, increasing the risk for goiter and hypothyroidism. The primary dietary sources of goitrogens are cruciferous vegetables, soy products, starchy plants, and some fruits. Beyond essential nutrients, there has been an increasing interest in using specific nutraceuticals, including myoinositol, Lcarnitine, melatonin, and resveratrol, as potential preventive and therapeutic agents in thyroid diseases. Even though current evidence promotes some beneficial outcomes of these nutraceuticals, further investigations are needed to clarify dose-dependent effects, duration of supplementation, combination in different clinical settings, and the exact mechanism of their action in thyroid disorders.
Role of pharmacists in management of patients with thyroid disorders
Authors: Homšek Ana , Roganović Maša , Kovačević Milena , Jovanović Marija
Published: November 2022

Thyroid dysfunction is one of the most prevalent endocrine disorders, especially common in female patients. If patients are not diagnosed in time or adequately treated, the patients' quality of life can be significantly impaired and additional health problems may occur, considering the key roles of thyroid hormones in the body. Therefore, it is necessary to raise awareness about the importance of recognition of symptoms that may indicate a potential problem with the thyroid gland and help to identify possible causes. For patients who are already being treated with levothyroxine (hypothyroidism), or thiamazole, carbimazole or propylthiouracil (hyperthyroidism), it is necessary to point out the necessity of proper, regular use of the drugs and implementation of accompanying nonpharmacological measures, as well as the potential for the occurrence of adverse reactions and interactions with other drugs or food. A significant role in the mentioned activities should be played by the pharmacist, as the most accessible member of the health team, who can, if necessary, refer the patient to a doctor for diagnosis, monitor the effectiveness and safety of the therapy, and provide appropriate patient counseling.
Clinical pharmacology of thyroid and antithyroid drugs
Authors: Stepanović-Petrović Radica , Tomić Maja
Published: November 2022

Autoimmune diseases accompanied by the development of hypothyroidism (Hashimoto's thyroiditis) and hyperthyroidism (Graves' disease) are one of the most common disorders of the thyroid gland. Hypothyroidism is a clinical syndrome that occurs as a result of thyroid hormone deficiency. Hyperthyroidism is excessive activity of the thyroid gland accompanied by hypersecretion of thyroid hormones. In simple terms, to achieve a euthyroid state in both clinical syndromes, two drugs are (most commonly) used - levothyroxine (hypothyroidism) and thioamide (hyperthyroidism). While it may seem simple, during the treatment, which is life-long in the case of hypothyroidism, patients should actually be carefully monitored, with the adjustment of the drug dose and the inclusion of other drugs for the treatment of comorbidities.
Preliminary psychometric investigation of Serbian mindful attention and awareness scale (MAAS) and potential role of mindful attention and awareness in behavioral regulation among students
Authors: Miladinović Peđa , Mitić Anja
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Recent studies about Mindful Attention and Awareness elucidated its potential role in affective difficulties and behavioral regulation, but authors call for further investigation of potential underlying mechanisms. Research goal: The current study was conducted in order to examine the preliminary psychometric properties of Serbian Mindful Attention and Awareness scale, its relationship with positive psychological constructs, along with its mediating role in the relationships of Depressiveness as a trait, with behavioral Activation, and Avoidance. Method: A cross-sectional research was conducted on a sample of 504 students of different levels and courses of education in the Serbian speaking area. Results: Serbian version of Mindful Attention and Awareness scale demonstrated high reliability (a=0.83) and a single factor solution that was found to be the most adequate. Significant correlations with theoretically related positive psychological constructs such as Gratitude (r=0.12, p<0.001), Self-compassion (r=0.46, p<0.001) and its components such Self-kindness (r=0.21, p<0.001), Over identification (r=-0.47, p<0.001) and Mindfulness (r=-0.29, p<0.001) were found. It was also the case for distress components such as Depressiveness (r=-0.41, p<0.001), Anxiety (r=-0.46, p<0.001) and Stress (r=-0.50, p<0.001), as well as for Behavioral activation for depression (r=0.46, p<0.001) and its components Activation (r=0.34, p<0.001) and Avoidance (r=-0.35, p<0.001). Additionally it was found that Mindful Attention and Awareness significantly mediates the relationship between Depressiveness and Activation as well as in the case of Depressiveness and Avoidance. Conclusion: Along with the study limitations, mindfulness enhancing effect was discussed in accordance to its potentially mitigating effects on unpleasant automatic states and regulation of behavior patterns, so that it might contribute to the development of value guided behaviors.
A new concept of teaching and learning ABBA's songs in the university solfeggio classroom
Authors: Petrović Milena
Published: November 2022

A new interdisciplinary approach of teaching ABBA's songs in university solfeggio classes involves: graphical representation of melodic contours and harmonic progressions; embodied tension and relaxation caused by the (un)expected harmonic patterns/progressions, form and rhythm; aural and visual music analysis of ostinato and drone, as the elemental characteristics of popular music, and Dorian mode, PEN-tatonic and blue tones, as the main Orff-Schulwerk teaching strategies; emotions, experienced in relation to the gradual addition of voices and the chain of dominants; verbality, respecting the use of rhymes in verse translations, and the prosodic stress, musical meter and melodic contour alignment.