bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Learning filter selection policies for interpretable image denoising in parametrised action space
Authors: Xi Runtao , Lyu Jiahao , Ma Tian , Sun Kang , Zhang Yu , Chen XiaoLin
Published: November 2023

The denoising of images is an important research direction in computer vision. We consider the image denoising task as an estimation problem of the filtering policy related to image features, which is different from end‐to‐end image mapping. Commonly used simple filters such as gaussian filtering and bilateral filtering have fixed global denoising policies. However, the denoising policies of different filters can only adapt to limited image features. To solve this problem, we propose a method that applies different filters to different spatial ranges and adjusts the parameters of these filters simultaneously. Since not all filters can be easily transformed into differentiable forms and it is difficult to obtain paired datasets of filter action areas, we use reinforcement learning (RL) methods to estimate the spatial domain action range and adjustable parameters of filters, respectively. Furthermore, for removing higher intensity noise, simple filters can iteratively approximate higher‐order denoising policies and obtain more accurate and stable denoising results with the increase of iteration steps. Experimental results show that our proposed method can not only generate intuitive and interpretable denoising policies but also achieve comparable or better visual effects and computational efficiency than baseline methods.
HD‐Net: A hybrid dynamic spatio‐temporal network for traffic flow prediction
Authors: Liu Lijuan , Wang Fengzhi , Liu Hang , Zhu Shunzhi , Wang Yan
Published: November 2023

Accurately predicting traffic flow is crucial for intelligent transportation systems (ITS). In recent years, many deep learning‐based prediction models have been widely applied in traffic flow prediction, and various spatio‐temporal networks have been proposed. However, most of the existing models follow a general technical route to extract the spatio‐temporal features, which lack the capacity of extracting the important historical information with the high spatial and temporal correlations dynamically and deeply. How to develop a well‐performance traffic flow prediction model for a complex transportation network is still facing some challenges. In this paper, a hybrid dynamic spatio‐temporal network (HD‐Net) for traffic flow prediction is proposed. In HD‐Net, the authors first extract the dynamic spatio‐temporal features using dynamic graph convolution and bidirectional gate recurrent uni (BiGRU). Subsequently, the authors extract the important features with high spatial and temporal correlations from the obtained dynamic spatio‐temporal features using an auto‐correlation mechanism from a local perspective, and self‐attention mechanism from a global perspective, respectively. Extensive experiments have been conducted on two real‐world traffic datasets. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed HD‐Net outperforms the baselines in the field of capturing the dynamic and important spatio‐temporal features with high correlations.
Quantum computing applications for Internet of Things
Authors: Peelam Mritunjay Shall , Rout Anjaney Asreet , Chamola Vinay
Published: November 2023

The rapidly developing discipline of quantum computing (QC) employs ideas from quantum physics to improve the performance of traditional computers and other devices. Because of the dramatically improved speed at which it processes data, it can be applied to various issues. QC has many potential applications, but three of the most exciting applications are unstructured search, quantum simulation, and network optimisation. Several existing technologies, such as machine learning, may benefit from its increased speed and precision. In this study, the authors will explore how the principles of QC might be applied to the Internet of Things (IoT) to improve its accuracy, speed, and security. Several approaches exist for achieving this goal, such as network optimisation in IoT using QC, faster computation at IoT endpoints, securing IoT using QC, a quantum sensor for IoT, quantum digital marketing, quantum‐secured smart lock etc.
Spillover effects of government subsidies on agricultural supply chains under risk-sharing mechanisms
Authors: Deng Liurui , Cao Chen , Wang Shuge
Published: November 2023

This paper focuses on the agricultural supply chain and proposes a new financing model of risk sharing: the collateralized loan. In order to examine the operational effectiveness of the risk-sharing mechanism, we consider the effects of government subsidies and risk aversion factors. In the collateralized loan, the purchaser serves as the leader to provide loans to the farmer when the farmer provides collateral. The simulation results demonstrate that government subsidies can bring significant spillover effects to the whole supply chain. The effect’s extent increases as the subsidy increases. And the spillover effect is more obvious under the collateralized loan than bank financing. The discount factor also generates a spillover effect for the agricultural supply chain through the inversion mechanism. The lower the discount factor, the more obvious the spillover effect. The increase in government subsidies facilitates the operation of risk-sharing mechanisms, while the increase in risk aversion hinders the operation of the mechanisms. This paper provides new insights into the issue of agricultural finance and managerial implication to precisely assist farmers in greater need.
Research on the big data information sharing in closed-loop supply chain with triple-channel recycling
Authors: Song Han , Cao Yanming , Zhang Yi , Dai Ying
Published: November 2023

Based on big data techniques to improve recycling efficiency and uncertain market information on whether manufacturers share, we construct a closed-loop supply chain where a manufacturer, a retailer, and a third-party collector compete for recycling at the same time. From the perspectives of manufacturer monopoly information market (Model-M), manufacturer and retailer share information (Model-MR), manufacturer and third-party collector share information (Model-MT), and supply chain tripartite shared information (Model-MRT), we build four types of Stackelberg game models dominated by the manufacturer to analyze the optimal strategies of the manufacturer in the four models and conduct numerical analysis to verify the effectiveness of the models. Research shows that as competition intensifies, the negative impact of big data technology costs on manufacturer decision-making and profitability diminishes. Furthermore, when the competitive intensity of recycling is wild, the optimal decision for the manufacturer is to share information only with the retailer. While competition is intense, the optimal strategy for the manufacturer is information monopoly. However, it is not always optimal for the manufacturer to share information with the third-party collector.
Innovative intravaskuläre Tumortherapie mittels
Holmium-166
Authors: Oblasser Tobias , Schubert Nataliya , Koszarski Frederic
Published: November 2023

In der Welt der selektiven internen Radiotherapie (kurz: SIRT) dominierte bisher
das Isotop Yttrium-90 (90Y). Seit 2015 ist mit Holmium-166
(166Ho) eine Alternative erhältlich, welches sich in
unserem Institut neben 90Y etabliert hat. In diesem Artikel werden
wir die Vor- und Nachteile der beiden Isotope beleuchten und einen klinischen
Fall aus der Perspektive der Nuklearmedizin näher beschreiben.
Impact of Google searches and social media on digital assets’ volatility
Authors: Said Fathin Faizah , Somasuntharam Raja Solan , Yaakub Mohd Ridzwan , Sarmidi Tamat
Published: November 2023

Advanced digitalization and financial technology have of recent times become among the most crucial tools. Data mining and sentiment analysis have revealed the importance of digitalization in modern times. This study examines the influence of Google search activity on the volatility of digital assets. We analyzed six digital asset prices for Bitcoin, Bitcoin Cash, Ethereum, Ethereum Classic, Litecoin, and Ripple from the Coinmarketcap database. We used tweets on Twitter to survey users’ sentiment by using the Twitter search Application Programming Interface and Google trend search from web searches, news searches, and YouTube searches data using RStudio software. The study spanned 1 September 2019 to 31 January 2020 and employed the Vector Autoregression (VAR) approach for analysis. The VAR estimation revealed that Google search variables have significantly influenced the volatility of Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin, and Ripple, as supported by the Granger causality test and impulse response function. The results of this study could be useful for investors and policymakers in drawing up strategies to reduce market volatility. These results should thus be useful to investors in developing profitable investment strategies to mitigate the impact of market turbulence.
Investigation of high-quality-factor aluminum nitride MEMS cantilever resonators
Authors: Shi Shuai , Yang Qingrui , Yuan Yi , Li Haolin , Niu Pengfei , Guo Wenlan , Sun Chen , Pang Wei
Published: November 2023

This paper presents the design, fabrication, and characterization of cantilever-type resonators with a novel stacked structure. Aluminum nitride is adopted as the material for both the structural layer and the piezoelectric layer; this simplifies the fabrication process and improves the quality factor of the resonator. Both in-plane and out-of-plane flexural modes were investigated. The effect of the structural dimensions and electrode patterns on the resonator’s performance were also studied. Finite-element simulations and experiments examining anchor loss and thermoelastic damping, which are the main loss mechanisms affecting the quality factor of these resonators, were carried out. The optimal structural dimensions and electrode patterns of the cantilever-type resonators are presented. A quality factor of 7922 with a motional impedance of 88.52 kΩ and a quality factor of 8851 with a motional impedance of 67.03 kΩ were achieved for the in-plane and out-of-plane flexural-mode resonators, respectively. The proposed resonator design will contribute to the development of high-performance devices such as accelerometers, gyroscopes, and pressure sensors.
Rapid synthesis of nanomaterials by solvent-free laser irradiation for energy storage and conversion
Authors: Devina Winda , Subiyanto Iyan , Dung Dao Thi , Han Seong Ok , Yoon Hyung Chul , Van Lam Do , Lee Seung-Mo , Kim Hyunuk
Published: November 2023

Nanomaterials synthesized through laser irradiation have numerous applications in the field of energy storage and conversion. Conventional methods for fabricating nanomaterials often involve extended reaction times, making them susceptible to issues such as reproducibility, impurities, and inhomogeneity. To address these issues, a novel strategy of synthesizing nanomaterials via solvent-free laser irradiation in the gas phase is proposed as a potential solution. This innovative strategy offers ultrafast heating and cooling processes compared to conventional time-consuming methods, resulting in the formation of homogeneous nanosystems within femto- to nanosecond timeframes. The focused laser beam induces rapid photothermal and photochemical effects in either air or an inert gas atmosphere, enabling the rapid production of nanomaterials with precise control over geometry, chemistry, crystallinity, and defect density by adjusting processing conditions and sintering mediums. This review provides insights into the rapid solvent-free laser-assisted synthesis of nanomaterials using natural carbon-based materials, polymers, metal–organic frameworks, and inorganic species in both air and inert atmospheres. The introduction of photo-irradiation across a wide range of precursors facilitates phase transitions and surface functionalization in the resulting nanoproducts. We also discuss the effects of altering laser wavelengths, pulse widths, fluences, and repetition rates on both surface and bulk properties of the final products. Finally, we explore the applications of laser-induced nanomaterials in areas such as rechargeable batteries, supercapacitors, solar cells, and catalysis.
Bi2Se3 interlayer treatments affecting the Y3Fe5O12 (YIG) platinum spin Seebeck effect
Authors: Hu Yaoyang , Weir Michael P. , Pereira H. Jessica , Amin Oliver J. , Pitcairn Jem , Cliffe Matthew J. , Rushforth Andrew W. , Kunakova Gunta , Niherysh Kiryl , Korolkov Vladimir , Kertfoot James , Makarovsky Oleg , Woodward Simon
Published: November 2023

In this work, we present a method to enhance the longitudinal spin Seebeck effect at platinum/yttrium iron garnet (Pt/YIG) interfaces. The introduction of a partial interlayer of bismuth selenide (Bi2Se3, 2.5% surface coverage) interfaces significantly increases (by ∼380%–690%) the spin Seebeck coefficient over equivalent Pt/YIG control devices. Optimal devices are prepared by transferring Bi2Se3 nanoribbons, prepared under anaerobic conditions, onto the YIG (111) chips followed by rapid over-coating with Pt. The deposited Pt/Bi2Se3 nanoribbon/YIG assembly is characterized by scanning electron microscope. The expected elemental compositions of Bi2Se3 and YIG are confirmed by energy dispersive x-ray analysis. A spin Seebeck coefficient of 0.34–0.62 μV/K for Pt/Bi2Se3/YIG is attained for our devices, compared to just 0.09 μV/K for Pt/YIG controls at a 12 K thermal gradient and a magnetic field swept from −50 to +50 mT. Superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer studies indicate that the magnetic moment of Pt/Bi2Se3/YIG treated chips is increased by ∼4% vs control Pt/YIG chips (i.e., a significant increase vs the ±0.06% chip mass reproducibility). Increased surface magnetization is also detected in magnetic force microscope studies of Pt/Bi2Se3/YIG, suggesting that the enhancement of spin injection is associated with the presence of Bi2Se3 nanoribbons.
Using the IBM analog in-memory hardware acceleration kit for neural network training and inference
Authors: Le Gallo Manuel , Lammie Corey , Büchel Julian , Carta Fabio , Fagbohungbe Omobayode , Mackin Charles , Tsai Hsinyu , Narayanan Vijay , Sebastian Abu , El Maghraoui Kaoutar , Rasch Malte J.
Published: November 2023

Analog In-Memory Computing (AIMC) is a promising approach to reduce the latency and energy consumption of Deep Neural Network (DNN) inference and training. However, the noisy and non-linear device characteristics and the non-ideal peripheral circuitry in AIMC chips require adapting DNNs to be deployed on such hardware to achieve equivalent accuracy to digital computing. In this Tutorial, we provide a deep dive into how such adaptations can be achieved and evaluated using the recently released IBM Analog Hardware Acceleration Kit (AIHWKit), freely available at https://github.com/IBM/aihwkit. AIHWKit is a Python library that simulates inference and training of DNNs using AIMC. We present an in-depth description of the AIHWKit design, functionality, and best practices to properly perform inference and training. We also present an overview of the Analog AI Cloud Composer, a platform that provides the benefits of using the AIHWKit simulation in a fully managed cloud setting along with physical AIMC hardware access, freely available at https://aihw-composer.draco.res.ibm.com. Finally, we show examples of how users can expand and customize AIHWKit for their own needs. This Tutorial is accompanied by comprehensive Jupyter Notebook code examples that can be run using AIHWKit, which can be downloaded from https://github.com/IBM/aihwkit/tree/master/notebooks/tutorial.
Double field-of-view single-shot common-path off-axis reflective digital holographic microscope
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Murata Takashi , Matoba Osamu
Published: November 2023

Digital holography is a versatile three-dimensional imaging technique that has the ability to record the complex wave-front of an imaged object in two-dimensions and retrieve it in three-dimensions. Several technical challenges of digital holographic systems have been overcome by proposing single-shot acquisition and common-path configurations. However, the limited fiel-of-view (FOV) of digital holography is the most fundamental and technically challenging aspect of this technology. With this in mind, we have developed a digital holographic microscope (DHM) with a doubled FOV together with it leverages single-shot acquisition, common-path, and off-axis configuration and operates in the reflection mode. The double FOV is achieved by spatial frequency multiplexing of two different areas of the object beam by the use of a cube beam splitter. The common-path and off-axis configuration are obtained by employing a plate beam splitter just before the microscope objective. Several experiments are carried out, and the results are presented to demonstrate the validity and effectiveness of the proposed DHM for quantitative phase imaging of (semi) transparent and reflective objects. Based on the experimental results, the proposed microscope shows advanced performance in biomedical imaging as well as inspection of engineered surfaces with its simplicity, higher stability (temporal and mechanical), compactness, low cost, and most importantly double FOV capabilities.
Spin-dependent electrochemistry and electrochemical enantioselective recognition with chiral methylated bis(ethylenedithio)-tetrathiafulvalenes
Authors: Stefani Andrea , Bogdan Alexandra , Pop Flavia , Tassinari Francesco , Pasquali Luca , Fontanesi Claudio , Avarvari Narcis
Published: November 2023

Enantio-discrimination and spin-dependent electrochemistry (SDE), as a manifestation of the chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect, are important phenomena that can be probed by “chiral” electrochemistry. Here, we prepared chiralized surfaces of gold and nickel, to serve as working electrodes, through effective chemisorption of enantiopure dimethyl-bis(ethylenedithio)-tetrathiafulvalene (DM-BEDT-TTF) 1, tetramethyl-bis(ethylenedithio)-tetrathiafulvalene (TM-BEDT-TTF) 2, and their capped silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) aggregate by simple incubation of the metallic substrates. The effective chemisorption was checked by means of ultrahigh vacuum x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and by electro-desorption experiments, i.e., cyclic voltammetry (CV) scans showing a first electro-desorption peak at about −1.0 V. The Au|1 and Au|2 chiral electrodes were successfully used in CV experiments exploiting chiral redox probes. Finally, the hybrid interfaces Ni|enantiopure 1 or 2|AgNPs served as working electrodes in SDE experiments. In particular, the hybrid chiral interfaces Ni|(R)-2|AgNPs and Ni|(S)-2|AgNPs exhibited a significant spin-filtering ability, as a manifestation of the CISS effect, with average spin polarization values of 15%.
Relating the phase in vibrational sum frequency spectroscopy and second harmonic generation with the maximum entropy method
Authors: Parshotam Shyam , Rehl Benjamin , Brown Alex , Gibbs Julianne M.
Published: November 2023

Nonlinear optical methods, such as vibrational sum frequency generation (vSFG) and second harmonic generation (SHG), are powerful techniques to study elusive structures at charged buried interfaces. However, for the separation and determination of the Stern and diffuse layer spectra at these charged interfaces, complex vSFG spectra and, hence, the absolute phase need to be retrieved. The maximum entropy method is a useful tool for the retrieval of complex spectra from the intensity spectra; however, one caveat is that an understanding of the error phase is required. Here, for the first time, we provide a physically motivated understanding of the error phase. Determining the error phase from simulated spectra of oscillators with a spectral overlap, we show that for broadband vSFG spectra, such as for the silica/water interface, the diffuse and Stern layers’ spectral overlap within the O–H stretching window results in a correlation between the error phase and the phase shift between the responses of these layers. This correlation makes the error phase sensitive to changes in Debye length from varying the ionic strength among other variations at the interface. Furthermore, the change in the magnitude of the error phase can be related to the absolute SHG phase, permitting the use of an error phase model that can utilize the SHG phase to predict the error phase and, hence, the complex vSFG spectra. Finally, we highlight limitations of this model for vSFG spectra with a poor overlap between the diffuse and Stern layer spectra (silica/HOD in D2O system).
Volume compensation of large-deformation 3D-printed soft elastomeric elastocaloric regenerators
Authors: Wang Kun , Overvelde Johannes T. B. , Engelbrecht Kurt , Bjørk Rasmus , Bahl Christian R. H.
Published: November 2023

Elastomeric elastocaloric regenerators have great potential for use in low-stress elastocaloric cooling devices. However, these regenerators display an asymmetric fluid exchange when operating in an active elastocaloric cooling cycle, due to the large required strains and associated volume change. During strain, the fluid volume increases, which passively forces fluid flow into the regenerator; when the strain is released, the fluid volume decreases, which results in a fluid flow out of the regenerator. During a traditional elastocaloric cooling cycle, there are also active fluid flow periods provided by fluid displacers or pumps. Here, we study the passive fluid flow in high-strain regenerators using a numerical model and experiments in two types of regenerators. Hyperelastic models are used to fit the experimentally measured mechanical behavior of thermoplastic polyurethane elastocaloric elastomers, and the model is subsequently used to conduct finite-element simulations predicting regenerator volume changes for an applied strain of 200%–600%. We validated the results using a specifically designed setup for measuring volume changes using pressure differences on a parallel-plate regenerator. For a strain range of 200%–600%, the predicted volume change ratio is 69.5%, closely matching the experimental value of 66.7%. We observed that the middle region of the regenerator experiences a higher volume change, which can be accurately accounted by the numerical model.
On the Painlevé integrability of three-extensions to Mikhailov–Novikov–Wang equations: Multiple solitons, shocks, and other physical solutions
Authors: Wazwaz Abdul-Majid , Alhejaili Weaam , Matoog R. T. , El-Tantawy S. A.
Published: November 2023

The current work examines three (1 + 1)-dimensional Mikhailov–Novikov–Wang (MNW) equations. The Painlevé criteria are employed for testing the integrability of the evolution equations. Using the simplified Hirota's approach, multiple soliton solutions for the family of the MNW equation are derived. Significant physical solutions, such as shock waves, periodic solutions, and many others, are also obtained for each equation under consideration. The current investigation provides insights into the integrability features of these evolution equations. The obtained outcomes will contribute to comprehending and studying many enigmatic phenomena that consistently manifest in nature and various nonlinear media, including optical fiber, fluid mechanics, and plasma physics.
Doing gender at the far right
Authors: Gustin Archibald
Published: November 2023

Debates over the difference between populism and nationalism have been at the forefront of political research on the far right in recent years. This paper aims to provide an empirical support for the claim that nationalism and populism are two distinct phenomena by analysing the articulations of both discourses in Vlaams Belang gender politics. In this perspective, this paper starts by presenting Benjamin De Cleen and Yannis Stavrakakis’s discursive-theoretical distinction of populism and nationalism (De Cleen and Stavrakakis 2017, 2020), before to introduce the literature on far right gender politics. The contribution then analyses Vlaams Belang's gender discourses by mobilizing this theoretical framework in order to show how this distinction can help us identifying the different dimensions underlying contemporary far right gender discourses. The article concludes by suggesting new avenues for a better understanding of the various discursive strands composing far right politics.
Spin-polarized pairing induced by the magnetic field in the Bernal bilayer graphene
Authors: Huang 黄 Yan 妍 , Zhou 周 Tao 涛
Published: November 2023

Recent experimental findings have demonstrated the occurrence of superconductivity in Bernal bilayer graphene when induced by a magnetic field. In this study, we conduct a theoretical investigation of the potential pairing symmetry within this superconducting system. By developing a theoretical model, we primarily calculate the free energy of the system with p + ip-wave parallel spin pairing, p + ip-wave anti-parallel spin pairing and d + id-wave pairing symmetry. Our results confirm that the magnetic field is indeed essential for generating the superconductivity. We discover that the p + ip-wave parallel spin pairing leads to a lower free energy for the system. The numerical calculations of the energy band structure, zero-energy spectral function and density of states for each of the three pairing symmetries under consideration show a strong consistency with the free energy results.
A lightweight symmetric image encryption cryptosystem in wavelet domain based on an improved sine map
Authors: Chen 陈 Baichi 柏池 , Huang 黄 Linqing 林青 , Cai 蔡 Shuting 述庭 , Xiong 熊 Xiaoming 晓明 , Zhang 张 Hui 慧
Published: November 2023

In the era of big data, the number of images transmitted over the public channel increases exponentially. As a result, it is crucial to devise the efficient and highly secure encryption method to safeguard the sensitive image. In this paper, an improved sine map (ISM) possessing a larger chaotic region, more complex chaotic behavior and greater unpredictability is proposed and extensively tested. Drawing upon the strengths of ISM, we introduce a lightweight symmetric image encryption cryptosystem in wavelet domain (WDLIC). The WDLIC employs selective encryption to strike a satisfactory balance between security and speed. Initially, only the low-frequency-low-frequency component is chosen to encrypt utilizing classic permutation and diffusion. Then leveraging the statistical properties in wavelet domain, Gaussianization operation which opens the minds of encrypting image information in wavelet domain is first proposed and employed to all sub-bands. Simulations and theoretical analysis demonstrate the high speed and the remarkable effectiveness of WDLIC.
Modelling Small Artefact for Preservation – A Case Study of Perlis Heritage
Authors: Gopal L , Shukor S A A
Published: November 2023

Heritage preservation is essential for preserving historical sites and cultural artefact for future generations. However, they are prone to damages and destructions due to weather conditions and other factors. 3D models and reconstructions can aid in the conservation of historical sites and artefact. LiDAR (light detection and ranging) technology can be utilized to obtain accurate 3D representation of object or area of interest. This project aims to preserve one of the historical artefact in Perlis, Malaysia which is known as ‘Batu Nisan Acheh’ or the Acheh Gravestone by using 3D model and reconstruction. iPhone 13 Pro Max LiDAR scanner is used to collect the raw dataset of the artefact with Scaniverse application. MATLAB is employed for data processing which includes data filtering, noise reduction, downsampling and 3D surface reconstruction. In addition, a GUI application is also developed in enabling users to upload their desired point cloud files and produce its 3D model for future usage. Results show that the accuracy, effectiveness, and usability of heritage preservation initiatives are improved by combining iPhone 13 Pro Max LiDAR scanning with MATLAB processing, which is useful for virtual displays, restoration, and future study.
Analysis of Soil Nutrient (NPK) Test Value – Relative yield Relationship for Harumanis Mango using Modification Arcsine-Log Calibration Curve.
Authors: Tan Erdy Sulino Mohd Muslim , Markom Marni Azira Binti , Andrew Allan Melvin , Abdullah Abu Hassan , Rahim Norasmadi Abdul , Saad Fathinul Syahir Ahmad , Nordin Imaduddin Helmi Wan , Abidin Mohd Amri Zainol , Jamil Syahrull Hi-Fi Syam Ahmad , Yogesh CK
Published: November 2023

The cultivation of Harumanis mango (Mangifera indica) is of significant agricultural importance, especially in tropical regions like Malaysia, where it is renowned for its exceptional taste and quality. Maximizing mango yield and maintaining fruit quality are vital aspects of successful cultivation, relying on optimal soil nutrient management, particularly nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). In this research, the soil nutrient test value – relative yield relationship for Harumanis mango is investigated using a modification arcsine-log calibration curve. Traditional linear calibration curves may not fully capture the nonlinearities observed in crop responses, potentially leading to inaccurate nutrient requirements for optimal yield. By employing the innovative modification arcsine-log calibration curve, a more precise and robust relationship between soil nutrient test values and relative mango yield is established. Soil samples are collected from mango orchards, and NPK levels are measured using standardized laboratory techniques, alongside corresponding relative mango yields. This study advances precision agriculture by offering precise soil nutrient recommendations for mango farmers. Utilizing calibrated curves improves mango yield, minimizes nutrient waste, and encourages sustainable farming. In conclusion, the modified arcsine-log calibration curve reveals vital insights for optimal Harumanis mango production, benefiting the industry and sustainability.
Classification-based Method for Wall Crack Detection System
Authors: Ramli N A M , Rahiman M H F , Krishnan K K
Published: November 2023

It is imperative to ensure that building inspectors have adequate resources and tools to conduct their inspections efficiently and effectively. Relying solely on manual labour to check for wall cracks is inconvenient and may prove inefficient and poor use of time and financial recourses. Besides, there are concerns regarding the need for skilled inspectors due to their limited accessibility and the subjective nature of their evaluations. Previously, image processing and artificial intelligence have been independently utilized to identify wall cracks and estimate their width. However, more can be done when integrating these two approaches to produce a comprehensive solution. This study presented a technique to indicate wall cracks utilizing a pre-trained Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model called Squeezenet. Then, the following image processing can precisely estimate the width of the cracks in pixels. Based on the total models studied, 78% were successfully detected and classified into their respective crack groups. Although 22% of the remaining models were mistakenly classified, the system still managed to detect the presence of cracks in them accurately. This study only considers analyzing projected cracks categorized as minor, moderate and major. Nevertheless, the discussion does not address the translation of pixel approximations into their respective physical measurements.
Comparative Evaluation of Three-Phase Inverter Topologies Based on Voltage Boosting Features
Authors: Yee Chong Sin , Azmi Syahrul Ashikin , Hwai Leong Jenn , Tajuddin Mohammad Faridun Naim , Zahari Muhammad Zarul Aswad , Rahim Siti Rafidah Abdul
Published: November 2023

Voltage source inverter (VSI) is commonly used in industrial due to its stable operation and low cost. However, VSI needs to operate with an extra converter stage which is a DC-DC converter for voltage boosting purposes. In contrast, current source inverter (CSI) inherits voltage boosting features may become an alternative option to VSI. Yet, there were minimal research on CSI that dedicates to the voltage boosting features. This research focuses on comparing the voltage boosting features of CSI and VSI in both open-loop and closed-loop conditions. The performance of VSI and CSI are simulated using MATLAB/Simulink. Under open-loop operation, CSI produces a voltage boosting capability at approximately 55% higher than VSI. Yet, CSI suffers high THD percentage as compared to VSI for the same switching frequency. This high THD shortcoming can be easily resolved by using a simple CL filter. For closed-loop operation, VSI and CSI with voltage-controlled synchronous frame PI control systems are proven to have good reference tracking and harmonic rejection and are suitable to be implemented for household applications or for a standalone system. Interestingly, CSI closed-loop system can achieve a wider range of output due to the voltage boosting capability and provide a better quality of output waveform as compared to VSI.
First genetic record and phylogenetic relationship of Rasbora einthovenii (Bleeker, 1851) (Cyprinidae : Danioninae) from Bangka Island, Indonesia
Authors: Syarif AF , Kurniawan A , Kurniawan A , Robin R , Valen FS
Published: November 2023

Brilliant Rasbora (Rasbora einthoveni) called “Seluang” is the one of local fish in Bangka Island. This fish widely distributes from Malaysia Peninsular, Sumatera (North Sumatera-Lampung Province), Kalimantan and the record of morphological character is until Sri Lanka, Laos to Thailand. The genetic status of this fish was unrecorded from Bangka Island. This research aimed to record the genetic status of Rasbora einthovenii compared with the same species in another region using cytochrome oxidase c subunit one (COI) gene. Analysis of maximum likelihood phylogenetic reconstruction of the Kimura 2-parameter model, which is implemented in MEGA 10 with 1000 replicates bootstrapping data sets. The result showed that phylogenetic tree of Rasbora einthovenii from Bangka Island is related closely with the sample from Selangor, Malaysia, and Aquarium Retailers in UK with the genetic distance about 0% means very similar. The samples from Pahang, Malaysia showed the genetic distance is about 3% and samples from Jambi, Indonesia is about 6%. It means that the genetic profile of Rasbora einthovenii from Bangka Belitung Island are the same species as well as from Selangor, Malaysia also the samples from Aquarium Retailers in UK.
Nutritional content and growth ability of aquatic plant Azolla pinnata on wastewater of catfish
Authors: Said D S , Chrismadha T , Mardiati Y , Mayasari N
Published: November 2023

Azolla pinnata is a floating aquatic plant with several benefits as a source of feed in aquaculture and animal as well as a phytoremediator. Research with two replications was carried out at RC for Limnology and Water Resources laboratory on May 2022 to explore information on its nutritional content, growth ability and function as a phytoremediator. The growth ability research was carried out in-door using media of catfish cultivation wastewater varied in concentration (100%, 60%, and 30%), and the observation period of 3 days for 15 days. Azolla pinnata contains nutrition (% dry weight): ash: 31.20; fat: 12.37; protein: 27.16; fibre: 11.15; and Nitrogen Free Extract: 18.12, respectively. There were 15 types of amino acids, as much as 1.59 % w/w. On the 15th day, the highest growth was seen in the media with 100% concentration, where the culture density was 310.47 g/m2, specific growth rate (SGR) was 15.38%, and productivity was 35.93 g/m2/day. At the same media, Total Phosphate (TP) elimination rates were 46.06%, and Total Nitrogen (TN) was 79.474%. Azolla pinnata can be cultivated in catfish wastewater to provide nutritious feed as well as to reduce the content of TP and TN.
The morphological spicules of Acaudina sp. (sea cucumber) from Delta Wulan waters, Demak, Central of Java, Indonesia
Authors: Widianingsih W , Hartati R , Sibero M T
Published: November 2023

This research aims to study the morphological spicules of sea cucumber Acaudina sp. This species is belong to Class Holothuroidea, Order Molpadida, and Family Caudinidae. Samples Acaudina sp. were taken randomly from Delta Wulan Waters, Demak Regency, Central of Java. The sample was preserved by alcohol 70%. NaOCl solution was used for bleaching the samples. According to the result research, most of body part (anterior, posterior, dorsal and ventral) have rod shape, irregular rod shape, straight rod shape, and dumbbell curved.
Utilization of clam shell waste through circular economy activity in Tangerang Regency coastal area
Authors: Bahtiar R , Raswatie F D , Afriana W
Published: November 2023

Tangerang Regency is a coastal district with a substantive potential for marine resources, particularly in Ketapang Village, Mauk District, Tangerang Regency. Significant quantities of fish, shrimp, and shellfish are produced. About 86% of the population makes a living as fishermen. As producers of shellfish, there are several entrepreneurs with daily boiling capacity ranging from 0.5 to 1 ton. Although this business has economic potential, it has a negative influence on the coastal environment. Consequently, circular economy activities are required to address these issues. This study aims to analyze the potential of clam shell waste, the potential alternative for circular economy activity to deal with clam shell waste, and the added value of clam shell waste management. The results indicate that the six shellfish stripping units have the capacity to generate 4.1 tons of clam waste each day. As an alternative, the mollusc shell can be processed commercially into animal feed . Clam shell flour has a potential selling price of Rp. 11,930 per kilogram depending on its Cost of Goods Manufactured (COGM). Optimal management of discarded clam shells can prevent negative environmental impact and give economic value to the community.
Plastics debris characteristics in Cikapundung River
Authors: Taryono  , Hariyadi S , Wulandari D Y , Permatasari P A , Zulmi R , Amalo L F , Trissanti V N , Nur I A , Braaten H F V , Hurley R , Olsen M
Published: November 2023

River plays the important role for transporting plastics from land to the ocean. Cikapundung river is one of tributary rivers which contributes significantly to Citarum River. The Cikapundung river transports the riverine plastic debris from the area of Bandung City and Bandung District to Citarum River that finally flows to the North Java Sea through its estuary at Muara Gembong-Bekasi. The aim of the study is to monitor plastic debris characteristic of in Cikapundung. It is important to understand the characteristic of plastic debris from the settlement area which potentially contaminates the sea. Monitoring was conducted in April to June 2021 by using net sampler 2x1x3 meters. The sampler was set at two transversal sites across the river in 15-30 minutes each. The observations were conducted three times (morning, noon, and afternoon) of each sampling day. Collected plastics were estimated the weight and the volume, and were separated, enumerated and classified afterwards. The top three common plastic types both in weight and number founded in Cikapundung river including plastic bags, clear plastic bags and sachet. The majority of commonly encountered plastics were clear plastic bags, plastic with aluminum, sachets (plastic packing), plastic bags, and plastic cups. It reflects the dominance of domestic source wastes rather than industrial plastic debris.
Hydrological characteristics of Mahakam cascade lake as a reference for the sustainability management
Authors: Fakhrudin M , Turmudi  , Setiawan F , Apip  , Mislan
Published: November 2023

Mahakam cascade lakes consist of Lake Semayang, Melintang, and Jempang is a floodplain lake. Mahakam cascade lakes include the 15 national priority lakes which are the most urgent situation. This lake is characterized by dynamic water level fluctuation, resulting in high fishery productivity. The lake’s hydrological characteristic is the main component in controlling the lake ecosystem, therefore it is crucial to evaluate the influenced factors. The objective of this research is to describe the lake’s hydrological characteristics, including inlet-outlet discharge, sedimentation, water level pattern, and land cover change in the catchment area. Further, provide a reference for the conservation of lake ecosystems. We performed a field campaign to measure river discharge and collect water samples for sediment-load laboratory analysis. We analyzed daily water level data recorded from 1989 to 2010. We obtained the time series land cover from Landsat data and performed GIS spatial analysis. Our results revealed that first, the Rebak Rinding River has the biggest contribution to lake sedimentation (3,859 tons/day, 77% of the total sediments entering the lake). Second, the water level tended to increase during the medium and extreme flood seasons. Contrary, a relatively small decrease in the water level during the medium-receding season. Third, the catchment area is 51,573 km2 (66 times larger than the lake water bodies). From 2000 to 2019, the forest decreased by 2,063 km2. As a consequence, increased erosion-sensitive area by 2,695 km2. We emphasized preserving the catchment area is vital to reduce the sedimentation rate and water fluctuation. We recommend the Rebak Rinding sub-catchment as the priority area for controlling deforestation, and erosion on the plantation, mining, and agricultural area.
Morphometric Study of Swimming Crab (Portunus pelagicus) Using Truss Network Analysis for Determination of Stock Structure in FMA 711
Authors: Zairion Z , Putri D A , Butet N A , Wardiatno Y , Hakim A A
Published: November 2023

The crab of Portunus pelagicus is a fishery resource with a wide distribution area and quite diverse environmental conditions in Indonesia, giving rise to morphometric diversity. The study aims to analyze differences in morphometric diversity of crab populations (P. pelagicus) in the waters of Indonesian Fisheries Management Area (FMA) 711, landed in Bintan, Bangka, and Ketapang, which can describe the condition of the crab stock units. A total of 300 individuals were collected from all locations using random sampling. The crab morphometric characters were analyzed using Truss Network body shape method (TNA). The Kruskal Wallis results analysis showed distinguishing in some morphometric characters for both carapace and abdomen. Cluster analysis shows that there were two population groups: The Bintan group, and the Bangka-Ketapang groups. The discriminant analysis on the carapace characters resulting that the crabs from three locations have the potential for more than one stock unit, so different management is needed.
Choosing the appropriate Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiments South East Asia (CORDEX-SEA) Model for drought future hazard assessment in the Bintan Island
Authors: Narulita I , Sutjiningsih D , Kusratmoko E , Moersidik S S , Djuwansah M R , Fadjary F R
Published: November 2023

Management for sustainable water resources requires attention to future climate variability to anticipate the hazards that may arise, such as drought and flood. CORDEX-SEA is a downscale result of several gridded climate models that provide historical data and future projections for the Southeast Asia region useful to predict future climate, including the extreme event’s potential for deriving hazards. This research was done to determine which CORDEX-SEA climate model would be most suitable for predicting future drought risks, especially for small islands. This study uses statistical tests (probability density functions, skewness, etc.) in the historical period to determine the climate model that best fits the observed data, using Bintan Island as the case area. The model with historical data that best fits the observations will be considered the best model for predicting future (drought and flood) conditions. The corrected MPI and ensemble model of CORDEX-SEA showed well results in representing the drought index.
Antioxidant and antimicrobial screening of an unidentified yellow pigmented marine-derived fungus
Authors: Octaverina V , Sibero M T , Subagiyo S , Yulianto B , Wijayanti D P , Frederick E H
Published: November 2023

The exploration of fungal secondary metabolites has increased significantly since the first discovery of penicillin. In addition, pigment derived from marine fungi attracts plenty of attention due to its complex and unusual chemical structures, which have tremendous antioxidants and antimicrobial activities. Hence, our current work aimed to characterize the crude pigment extract of an unidentified fungus SUCCF0001 and its potential as an antioxidant and antimicrobial agent. The fungus was cultivated on two semi-solid media namely MEA and PDA for 14 days at 25 °C, and two different liquids media namely MEB and PDB for 14 days at 25 °C with agitation at 150 r.p.m. The semi-solid medium and the fungal mycelium from the broth culture were extracted with methanol, while the liquid medium using ethyl acetate. The crude extracts were characterized using TLC plates and then visualized using DPPH, vanillin-H2SO4, and FeCL3. The presence of carotenoid pigment was detected using TLC with β-carotene as a marker. Antioxidant bioassay was screened using the DPPH method; while antimicrobial activity bioassay was conducted using the paper disc method againstBacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Micrococcus luteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosaandCandida tropicalis. The results showed that only the PDB extract had radical scavenging activity (RSA) > 50% for antioxidant activity. On the other hand, antimicrobial bioassay showed that only MEB extract had antimicrobial activity againstB. subtilis. TLC analysis indicated the presence of antioxidants, terpenoids and phenols in both PDB and MEB extract. However, the result of fungal pigment characterization using TLC concluded that the pigment was not a β-carotene.
Characteristics of analog coffee from the mangrove fruit Rhizophora mucronata origin Sangihe Islands
Authors: Mandeno J A , Tanod W A , Cahyono E , Ansar N M S , Pumpente O I , Rieuwpassa F J , Rawung L D , Riyadi P H
Published: November 2023

Coffee is a popular drink today. One of the coastal resources that can be processed into coffee-like products (analog coffee) is the mangrove fruits Rhizophora mucronata. The fruits of R. mucronata were reported to contain antioxidant substances that can support human health. This study aimed to characterize analog coffee products from the fruit of R. mucronata. The fruits were collected from Miulu village, Sangihe Islands, North Sulawesi. Mangrove fruits were soaked in a 2% lime solution for 72 hours and dried at 60 °C. Then it was roasted at 116-118 °C for 40 minutes, and the sample was ground until it resembled coffee grounds. The findings revealed that the water content of analog coffee was 4.14 ± 0.14%; ash 4.97 ± 0.02%; protein 14.38 ± 0.02%; fat 12.26 ± 0.08%; carbohydrate 63.67 ± 0.09%, energy 422.58 ± 1.01 kcal, caffeine 1.20 ± 0.00%, tannins 808.21 ± 2.02 mg/kg, and antioxidant capacity IC50 131.28 ± 0.44 μg/mL. Furthermore, the analysis of compounds using GC-MS from the coffee analog of R. mucronata fruits was dominated by cis-9-Hexadecenal (50.95%) and 9-Octadecenal, (Z)-(33.97%). These research findings provide that analog coffee from the R. mucronata fruits has the potential to become a coffee-like product as a functional drink.