bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PERSEPSI E-LEARNING TERHADAP KEPUASAN MAHASISWA KEBIDANAN DALAM MASA PANDEMIK DI STIKES MUHAMMADIYAH GOMBONG
Authors: Prabandari Fitria , Sumarni Sumarni
Published: May 2021

Program studi Kebidanan STIKES Muhammadiyah Gombong merupakan pendidikan yang berorientasi pada perkembangan IPTEK dan telah melakukan upaya untuk meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran. Dalam masa pandemic Covid-19 ini mahasiswa harus melakukan pembelajaran jarak jauh untuk mengurangi risiko penyebaran virus, sehingga dalam pelaksanaannya memerlukan evaluasi tentang kepuasan mahasiswa terkait pembelajaran e-learning. Pembelajaran e-learning adalah bagian dari pembelajaran jarak jauh, sedangkan pembelajaran online adalah bagian dari e-learning. E-learning mengacu pada penggunaan informasi berbasis jaringan dan teknologi komunikasi dalam pelaksanaan pengajaran dan pembelajaran. Penelitian ini dilakukan di program studi Kebidanan STIKES Muhammadiyah Gombong dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dengan jumlah 59 responden. Analisis data menggunakan analisis non statistik atau disebut sebagai analisis statistik sederhana. Uji hipotesis tentang hubungan antar dua variabel digunakan Chi Square menunjukkan variabel persepsi berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan mahasiswa dengan nilai p 0,000. Terdapat pengaruh persepsi e-learning terhadap kepuasan mahasiswa Kebidanan dalam masa pandemik di STIKES Muhammadiyah Gombong. Kata Kunci: e-learning, Kepuasan, Persepsi
DUKUNGAN KELUARGA BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEPATUHAN MINUM OBAT PADA PASIEN GAGAL JANTUNG KONGESTIF DI RSPAD GATOT SOEBROTO
Authors: Sugiyanti Anik , Agustina Dwi , Rahayu Sri
Published: May 2021

Rehospitalisasi pasien gagal jantung kongestif seringkali terjadi. Salah satu penyebabnya adalah karena ketidakpatuhan pasien dalam mengikuti program pengobatan terutama dalam kepatuhan minum obat.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan dukungan keluarga dengan kepatuhan minum obat pada pasien gagal jantung kongestif di  RSPAD Gatot Soebroto. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian korelasional dengan cross-sectional study. Sampel yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 80 orang pasien yang terdiagnosis gagal jantung kongestif. Metode pengumpulan data adalah dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas responden berusia 41-50 tahun sebanyak 29 orang (36,3%), berjenis kelamin laki-laki 47 orang (58,8%), berpendidikan SMA sebanyak 33 orang (41,3%), bekerja sebagai karyawan swasta sebanyak 27 orang (33,7%). Hasil uji statistik menggunakan uji Chi Square diperoleh p-value=0,02 yang artinya ada hubungan. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini yaitu dukungan keluarga berhubungan dengan kepatuhan minum obat pada pasien gagal jantung kongestif di  RSPAD Gatot Soebroto.
HUBUNGAN BERAT BADAN LAHIR RENDAH (BBLR)DENGAN KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA BALITA USIA 2-5 TAHUN DI DESA UMBULREJO KECAMATAN PONJONG KABUPATEN GUNUNG KIDUL
Authors: Murti Fatimah Chandra , Suryati Suryati , Oktavianto Eka
Published: May 2021

Latar belakang: Stunting masih menjadi permasalahan kehidupan balita saat ini, stunting yang dialami oleh balita dapat berdampak buruk saat balita besar dan dewasa kelak. Dampak balita stunting dapat menurunkan kecerdasan sehingga dapat menurunkan kualitas sumber daya manusia di masa depan. BBLR diduga sebagai faktor resiko terjadinya stunting pada balita.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan BBLR dengan kejadian stunting pada balita usia 2-5 tahu di Desa Umbulrejo, Ponjong, Gunungkidul.Metode: Desain penelitian menggunakan rancangan case control dengan metode analitik korelasional dan pendekatan retrospektif. sampel 32 kasus dan 32 kontrol dengan teknik purposive sampling, analisis data menggunakan chi square.Hasil: Hasi penelitian diperoleh sebanyak 27 (42,2 %) balita memiliki riwayat BBLR, dan balita yang mengalami stunting sebanyak 32 (100 %). Hasil uji Chi Square menunjukan  nilai p vallue <0,000 dan nilai OR 0,056. Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara BBLR dengan kejadian stunting pada balita usia 2-5 tahun di Desa Umbulrejo.
PENGGUNAAN MEDIA SOSIAL BERLEBIH DAPAT MENYEBABKAN INSOMNIA PADA REMAJA DI SENTOLO KULON PROGO
Authors: Riyadi Sujono , Udin Nur Fatih
Published: May 2021

Background: Insomnia is a sleep disorder that can interfere with physical, emotional and cognitive growth. One of the causes of insomnia is due to bad habit factors such as a lifestyle that always worships technological sophistication, so that many people often linger in using the internet. The very intense use of social networks can be in the form of Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp. This study aims to determine the effect of the duration of social media use on the incidence of insomnia in adolescents at senior high school 1 Sentolo Kulon Progo.Methods: Non-experimental research with correlative quantitative descriptive approach, carried out in a cross-sectional manner. The instrument used a questionnaire. The sample of this study was 58 remaining students of class XI, XII in SMA Negeri 1 Sentolo Kulon Progo using random sampling techniques and analyzed using the Somers'd test.Results: The results of this study obtained a p value of 0.003 (p <0.05), and r = 0.291, there is an influence in the duration of social media use with the incidence of insomnia in adolescents in Senior High School 1 Sentolo Kulon Progo.Conclusions: There is a significant effect between the duration of social media use and insomnia among adolescents in SMA Negeri 1 Sentolo Kulon Progo. Keywords: Duration, Social Media, Insomnia, Adolescents.
The Effects of Physical, Emotional, and Cognitive Demands on Academic Leaders’ Performance in Malaysian Research Universities
Authors: Graizi Mayadah , Cheah Kenny S. L. , Hoque Kazi Enamul
Published: May 2021

This study attempted to investigate the possible impact of physical, emotional, and cognitive job demands on burnout among Malaysian academic leaders at Research Universities (RU). Another objective of the study was to study the direct and mediating role of burnout on the job performance of the target population. Through a quantitative study and by using a five-Likert point, 250 academic leaders in Malaysian Research Universities (MRUs) were surveyed. The obtained primary data were subject to quantitative analysis through outer loading of the items using Smart PLS software. The exploratory and confirmatory tests applied to the primary data earlier to the inferential tests started with testing the direct hypotheses structured followed by the indirect effect. Findings indicated that based on the model extracted and the loaded factors, it was found that cognitive, emotional, and physical demands have a significant impact on burnout. Burnout also showed a significant effect on in-role and extra-role performance of the academic leaders and an indirect effect of burnout between job demands and job performance was observed. As an implication, this study can have pedagogical implications for educational policymakers, education syllabus designers, and academic leaders. Assessing the interaction role of gender type suggests further research, which benefit the policymakers in diversifying the job demand for each type.
Programa Informática e Educação
Authors: Aparecido Cordão Francisco , Novelino Barato Jarbas , Seabra Carlos , Soffner Rosemary , Ramalho Luciano , Moraes Fonseca Júnior Fernando
Published: May 2021

O Programa Informática e Educação (PIE), desenvolvido pelo Senac em São Paulo entre 1986 e 1996, marcou época, reconhecido pela excelente qualidade, e tem conquistas presentes até hoje. Em meados de 1980, o Senac-SP estava redesenhando seus caminhos e questionando a si mesmo sobre como seria a educação do futuro. Nesse contexto, a Gerência de Educação Profissional foi quem assumiu o projeto. Muitas pessoas contribuíram para a construção do PIE, aliás, essa é uma das características que marcaram esse grupo: o espírito de colaboração. Esta entrevista coletiva revela um pouco dessa dinâmica.
REVIEW OF ALUMINA IN ADSORPTION PROCESSES FOR EMERGING POLLUTANTS
Authors: Terrazas Karem Arely Aguirre , Nahúm Medellín-Castillo , Baltazar Álvaro de Jesús Ruíz , Pérez Onatan Torres , López Simón Yobanny Reyes
Published: May 2021

Water pollution can be found in the oceans, seas, rivers and lakes which can be taken as organic pollutants or better known as emerging pollutants. Emerging pollutants (EP´s) are chemical substances that persist in the environment, these molecules are in the food chain causing risks and adverse effects for human health and the environment. EP´s are not they are discharged as effluents indiscriminately, for this reason is important to improve water treatment by the application of advanced techniques as adsorption. Adsorbents like alumina are known for their large surface area, high mechanical properties and good resistivity to thermal degradation. Aluminum oxide or alumina (Al2O3) is a solid white ceramic material which has been considered an efficient adsorbent for EP´s removal as advanced water treatment.
MOBILE AUDIOBOOKS, LISTENING COMPREHENSION AND EFL COLLEGE STUDENTS
Authors: Al-Jarf Reima
Published: May 2021

This article proposes the integration of mobile () to develop EFL college students' listening comprehension skills. It aims to show the following: (i) The advantages of integrating in listening instruction; (ii) sources of ; (iii) how to search for ; (iv) criteria for selecting ; (v) examples of ; (vi) listening comprehension skills and literary appreciation skills that can be developed through supplementary ; (vii) phases of teaching and learning with and types of tasks that can be used with MAB; (viii) evaluation and assessment; (ix) the effect of on listening comprehension skill improvement and attitudes as perceived by the students; and (x) recommendations for the effective use of .
LIBRARY MANAGEMENT ANALYSIS TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF EDUCATION IN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL IN SANGGALANGI’ SUB- DISTRICT, NORTH TORAJA REGENCY
Authors: Saludung Desty Pali , Limbong Mesta , Sihotang Hotmaulina
Published: May 2021

This research aims to know the function of library management to improve the quality of education in junior high schools in Sanggalangi Subdistrict, North Toraja Regency. The method used in this study is the qualitative approach method. In qualitative approaches, the primary data collection tool is a researcher who acts as a full observer of things that concern the management of libraries relating to the quality of education. The data was obtained through observations, interviews, and documentation directly at junior high school in Sanggalangi Subdistrict, North Toraja Regency. Resource persons in this study are principals, librarians, teachers, and supervisors of junior high school in Sanggalangi Subdistrict. Data validation by triangulation is source triangu- lation, technique and time. The results showed that library management in junior high school in Sanggalangi Subdistrict, North Toraja Regency, in general, has shown good things but experienced various obstacles in the field both     in terms of infrastructure and from the library staff where the librarians do not have library background. The quality of junior high school education in Sanggalangi Subdistrict, North Toraja Regency, is still limited due to limited human resources and facilities that are not optimal, but in some schools, it has improved. It can be seen that there are students in Sanggalangi Subdistrict who have achievements. The use of the library is very influential on the quality of education because through the library, teachers and students can obtain the knowledge and information needed in the learning process.
Analisis Riisiko Kesehatan Lingkungan Akibat Paparan Nitrit dan Kadmium dari Air Sumur di Kelurahan Tarus
Authors: Mutiara Charly , Mella Wilhelmus I. I. , Suwari
Published: May 2021

Air sumur di Kelurahan Tarus diduga telah terkontaminasi nitrit dan kadmium yang berasal dari pemakaian secara berlebihan pupuk SP-36 dan Urea. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan untuk membandingkan  konsentrasi kontaminan nitrit dan kadmium dalam air sumur di daerah persawahan dan pemukiman  dengan ambang baku mutu air baku air minum  dan memprediksi besarnya risiko dari kontaminan terhadap kesehatan manusia. Penelitian deskriptif eksperimental ini menggunakan maing-masing 10 sampel air sumur dari daerah persawahan dan pemukiman. Kadar nitrit dan kadmium dianalisis dengan metode spektrofotometri dan spektrofotometri serapan atom. Baku mutu air minum dan air baku air minum berdasarkan PP 82 tahun 2001 dan PerMenKes 492 tahun 2010. Prediksi risiko terhadap kesehatan manusia dilakukan berdasarkan metode analisis risiko Public Health Assessment. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di daerah persawahan dan permukiman berturut-turut terdapat tiga dan lima sumur yang mengandung nitrit namun kandungan tersebut masih berada di bawah nilai baku mutu air baku air minum. Sedangkan untuk kadmium, terdapat berturut-turut delapan dan tujuh sumur di daerah persawahan dan permukiman kandungannya berada di atas nilai baku mutu air baku air minum.  Analisis risiko menunjukkan bahwa nitrit di persawahan dan pemukiman tidak berisiko terhadap kesehatan, sedangkan kadmium persawahan dan pemukiman yang berisiko sebanyak 14 sampel untuk durasi waktu 30 tahun, 12 sampel untuk 20 tahun, 10 sampel untuk 10 tahun dan tiga sampel untuk lima tahun. Karena itu diharapkan adanya pengurangan volume konsumsi air sumur yang berisiko, dan penanganan air tanah yang tercemar serta pengurangan pemakaian pupuk anorganik.
Kajian Faktor Pembatas dan Rekomendasi Perbaikan Lahan untuk Budidaya Jagung di Lahan Rawa Pasang Surut Tipologi C
Authors: Imanudin Momon Sodik , Madjid Abdul , Armanto Edi , Miftahul
Published: May 2021

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji beberapa faktor pembatas lingkungan lahan yang selanjutnya disusun rekomendasi perbaikan, agar tanaman bisa tumbuh sesuai standar produksi. Metode penelitian adalah survai lapangan, monitoring dan pengkajian. Hasil penelitian menunjukan faktor pembatas utama sangat tergantung kepada tingkat kedalaman lapisan firit, dan fluktuasi muka air tanah harian. Selama petani bisa mengendalikan muka air tanah mendekati zona akar maka fakor pembatas lainnya bisa diperbaiki. Beberapa faktor pembatas yang bisa diperbaiki adalah pH tanah masam, hara makro rendah (nitrogen,phospor dan kalium), dan ketersediaan air karena sistem tata air yang buruk. Kajian budidaya tanaman pada kondisi iklim normal ( basah) diama curah hujan dengan bulan kering hanya 2-3 bulan tidak ditemukan pembatas utama yang permanen. Perbaikan tata air dan kesuburan tanah  telah mampu menciptakan produksi optimal tanaman jagung 7 ton/ha.  Namun pada kondisi iklim kering dimana masa  kemarau selama 4-5 bulan maka akan muncuk faktor pembatas utama permanen yang disebabkan oleh oksidasi lapiran firit. Hal ini terjadi karena  muka air tanah turun tajam  >90 cm. Pada kondisi ini produksi jagung menurun lebih dari 50% area tanam gagal panen karena kekeringan, dan keracunan. Petani yang berhasil adalah yang melakukan penanaman lebih awal yaitu bulan Mei. Sementara yang tanam Juli semua gagal panen. Selain karena curah hujan yang kering juga karena petani tidak melakukan konservasi air. Pintu air tidak dioperasikan untuk menahan air di saluran tersier sehingga kehilangan air lebih cepat. Dampaknya air tanah pada bulan September turun dibawah 90 cm dan terjadilah oksidasi firit. Oleh karea itu operasi pintu sebaiknya dibuka pada saat pasang dan ditutup pada saat surut operasi ini berlansung sampai belum masuk air asin (Agustus).  Dan  memasuki bulan September dimana telah terjadi intrusi air asin, maka pintu air ditutup permanen. Dari kondisi diatas maka pada kondisi kemarau lebih dari 4 bulan, rekomendasi utama adalah percepatan waktu tanam, pemberian bahan pembenah tanah dan operasi pintu air dengan sistem fullretention.
Strategi Pengembangan Lahan Budidaya Jagung dan Padi di Wilayah Daratan Kabupaten Sumenep, Madura, Jawa Timur
Authors: Khairul Anam  , Munibah Khursatul , Sudadi Untung
Published: May 2021

Tantangan utama dalam peningkatan ketahanan pangan di Indonesia adalah menyelesaikan masalah terkait penurunan nisbah ketersediaan lahan yang sesuai untuk budidaya tanaman pangan pokok dengan kebutuhannya. Lahan pertanian eksisting di wilayah daratan Kabupaten Sumenep, Madura, salah satu lumbung pangan Provinsi Jawa Timur,  terutama digunakan untuk budidaya jagung dan padi, masing-masing meliputi 55% and 20,67% luas area. Penelitian ini bertujuan (a) menganalisis ketersediaan lahan yang sesuai untuk pengembangan budidaya padi dan jagung, (b) menghitung neraca pangan dan luas baku lahan budidaya kedua komoditas yang diperlukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan masing-masing, serta (c) menyusun prioritas strategi pengembangan lahan untuk budidaya padi dan jagung dalam mendukung ketahanan pangan di wilayah daratan Kabupaten Sumenep. Dalam penelitian ini diaplikasikan teknik interpretasi visual, overlay, dan pencocokan peta dengan bantuan perangkat lunak Sistem Informasi Geografi serta metode deskriptif. Lahan tersedia yang sesuai untuk budidaya jagung dan padi masing-masing seluas 20.078 dan 10.565 Ha. Neraca pangan untuk jagung dan beras menunjukkan surplus masing-masing 254.334 dan 1.483 ton pada tahun 2033, dan  kebutuhan lahan untuk memenuhi proyeksi kebutuhan kedua komoditas masing-masing adalah 10.774  dan 17.673 Ha. Hal ini mengindikasikan peningkatan jumlah penduduk lokal yang berubah kebiasaan konsumsi pangan pokoknya ke campuran jagung-beras dengan komposisi beras lebih tinggi. Tiga strategi prioritas untuk pengembangan lahan dielaborasi dan didiskusikan.
An interesting case of left paraduodenal hernia.
Authors: Saeed Sahar , Butt Abeera , Naqi Syed Asghar , Ali Muhammad Mohsin
Published: May 2021

Paraduodenal fossa hernias (PDFHs) represent 53% of all congenital internal hernias and 0.2-0.9% of all small bowel obstructions. Most of these hernias are diagnosed incidentally on laparotomy, and carry up to 50% lifetime risk of development of small bowel obstruction. We present our experience in diagnosing and treating a case of a massive left paraduodenal fossa hernia in a 17 year male, containing over 30% of the small bowel (jejunum and ileum), presenting with a history of recurrent incomplete small bowel obstruction. Plain abdominal radiography showed distended loops of jejunum and few air fluid levels. After laparotomy and identification of hernia, small gut was reduced and examined, which was found to be structurally and functionally intact with normal vascularity. The defect was closed with continuous absorbable suture (Vicryl 2-0) sparing the inferior mesenteric vessels. Patient’s post-operative recovery remained uneventful and he was discharged on 4th post-operative day.
Safety of primary PCI with early discharge? A comparative study of 36 vs > 36 hours primary PCI discharge protocol”.
Authors: Anjum Muhammad , Mohyuddin Belal S , Mirza Abubakar , Akbar Nabeel , Zaman Muhammad
Published: May 2021

Objectives: In this study we aimed at establishing the safety of a very early discharge within 24 to 36 hours after a primary PCI. Study Design: Prospective Comparative study. Setting: Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Lahore. Period: July to December 2019. Material & Methods: We randomly assigned a ≤ 36 hours discharge protocol to the very low risk patients after a primary PCI. FASTEST score was used to identify the low risk group. Comparison was made at 30 days between early discharge and ordinary discharge low risk groups for outcomes like reinfarction, stent thrombosis (ST), target lesion revascularization (TLR), bleeding, stroke and death. Results: Among 329 very low risk primary PCI patients, 161 were randomly assigned to early discharge group and 168 to ordinary discharge group. The outcomes were similar at 01 month in early vs ordinary discharge groups. There was no significant difference in the rate of reinfarction (1.24% vs 1.79%, P value 0.68), ST (1.24% vs 1.19%, P values 0.96), TLR (1.24% vs 1.19%, P value 0.96) and bleeding (0.62% vs 0.59%, P value 0.97). There was no mortality or stroke. Conclusions: Using any of the scoring systems, very low risk patients should be routinely identified after primary PCI. Short term major adverse outcomes remain at a low and a very early discharge protocol can be safely implemented in this subgroup. In addition to saving health costs, this can be of particular value during outbreaks like COVID-19
Anterior component separation with sublay polypropylene mesh placement: An ideal way to deal with large ventral abdominal hernias.
Authors: Rashid Sajid
Published: May 2021

Objectives: To study the effectiveness of open anterior component separation technique for repair of large incisional abdominal hernias. To study the effect of addition of polypropylene mesh with open anterior CST in sublay position. Study Design: Experimental study. Setting: Department of Surgery, DHQ Hospital Rawalpindi. Period: January 2016 to November 2016. Material & Methods: Patients (n=19) were admitted through OPD electively by purposive non- probability sampling in accordance with the inclusion/exclusion criteria. patients were operated under general anaesthesia. Anterior CST was done by standard Ramirez technique. Polypropylene mesh was placed in sublay (retrorectus) position. Data obtained was analysed by SPSS-20 software to calculate SSI and Recurrence rate. Results: A total of 19 (n=19) patients were included in the study and operated upon.There were 61% males with average age of 42 years and 39% females of average31 years.Average defect size was 10.11 cm with SD  of 1.899 cm. Recurrence rate was 5.26%. SSI rate was 10.50%. Patients were followed up for one year for Recurrence of hernia. Conclusion: Anterior component separation is an effective technique for repair of otherwise inoperable large ventral abdominal hernias especially when combined with polypropylene mesh in sublay position. Addition of mesh in sublay position with CST signifantly reduces both recurrence and SSI rate.
Maternal and neonatal outcome of vertical transmission in pregnant women during COVID-19 pandemic at Quetta, Balochistan; developing a regional consensus on existing evidence.
Authors: Sheikh Nadeem Ahmed , Khanum Faiza , Pervaiz Erum , Nadeem Kanwal
Published: May 2021

Objectives: To evaluate deleterious impact of novel coronavirus infection 2019 (COVID-19), on both maternal and fetal well being during pregnancy. Study Design: Hospital-Based Cross-sectional Survey. Setting: Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Combined Military Hospital, Chiltan Road, Quetta (Balochistan); Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Frontier Corps Hospital, Quetta Cantonment (Balochistan), and the Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Combined Military Hospital, Chiltan Road, Quetta (Balochistan). Period: March 2020 till July 2020. Material & Methods: Careful history, clinical and obstetrical examination radiology and real time polymerase chain reaction of nasopharyngeal swab were carried out in pregnant patients presenting for childbirth. Deliveries were conducted through spontaneous vaginal birth and caesarean section as per indication. Neonatal evaluation and nasopharyngeal swab for COVID-19 real time polymerase chain reaction in all delivered fetuses were performed. Results: 516 pregnant women underwent spontaneous vaginal delivery and caesarean sections at these hospitals during the study duration. 4.06% (n=21) were confirmed as COVID-19 infected. All of the fetuses born to these infected mothers were delivered healthy and COVID-19 negative, except for one preterm fetus born at 22nd week of gestation on account of maternal gestational hypertension. Conclusion: Trans-placental spread of COVID-19 infection to the fetus is unlikely. However, the infection places a pregnant mother at much higher risk to develop complications which may occasionally lead to adverse pregnancy outcome.
Diagnostic role of ultrasonography and X-RAY combined versus intravenous urography in evaluation of renal colic.
Authors: Sheikh Raheel , Haq Qazi Taqweem ul , Abdullah Uzma
Published: May 2021

Objective: To determine the role of X-Ray and ultrasonography combined versus intravenous urography in diagnosing cause of renal colic. Study Design: Experimental study. Setting: Urology Department of Margalla Hospital PMO Taxila. Period: July to December 2019. Material & Methods: Cases presenting with renal colic in urology Out-Patient door Department suspecting renal stone, ureteric or PUJ obstruction were included in this study. Patients below 14 years, hypersensitivity to intravenous contrast media and renal failure or having any condition with deranged blood urea and creatinine level were excluded from the study. X-ray, ultrasonography of abdomen, KUB (kidney, ureter and urinary bladder) and intravenous urography was done in every patient included in the study. Results: Sample size was 200. Mean age of patients was 38.4±6.8 years. Right sided renal colic was more common (45%) than left sided (42.5%) and bilateral flank pain (12.5%). On IVU hydronephrosis with obstructing renal stone was found in 45.5% cases, ureteric stone in 40.5% and hydronephrosis with non-obstructing stone was found in 14% cases. On x-ray and ultrasonography KUB, hydronephrosis with obstructing renal stone found in  38.5% cases, ureteric stone in 13.5%, renal stone in 39.5% and hydronephrosis with non-obstructing stone was diagnosed in 6% cases. When results of x-ray ultrasonography compared with IVU, calculi were diagnosed in 53% cases (sensitivity 87% and specificity 100%), hydronephrosis was detected in 98 cases (sensitivity 97%, specificity 95%). Conclusion: X-ray KUB and ultrasonography combined have almost equal accuracy as intravenous urography in diagnosing renal colic.
Frequency of Refractive error in children with strabismus at tertiary Care Hospital Gadap Town, Karachi.
Authors: Kazi Umer , Saleem Asiya , Ali Munawar Hussain Ghulam , Abro Abdul Sattar , Haque Mazhar-ul- , Khan Hina
Published: May 2021

Objectives: This was conducted to determine frequency of various refractive errors with types of strabismus among the age group of 5-15 years children visited in the tertiary eye care hospital Gadap town, Karachi. Study Design: Cross Sectional Analytical Study. Setting: Al-Ibrahim Eye Hospital. Period: May 2019 to November 2019. Material & Methods: This study was conducted on 300 strabismic subjects with a mean age of 5 to 15 years by non-probability convenience sampling. All respondents underwent visual acuity assessment by Snellen chart with and without correction, pinhole method, and fundus examination by retinoscope, Cardiff card, cover/uncover test, cycloplegic refraction by cyclopentolate 1%, and ocular movement examination. Results: Out of 300 patients, 43(14.3%) subjects were diagnosed as strabismus with refractive error. 20(46.5%) were boys, while 23(53.5%) were girls with a mean age of 9.62 ± 3.1. The hyperopic 20(46.5 %), 17(39.6 %) myopic, and 6(13.9%) had astigmatism. Conclusion: Strabismus was more frequently observed in females than in males. Hyperopia was in Strabismic respondents than myopic and astigmatism. The esotropia was commonly seen in hypermetropia, Exotropia, in Myopia. The vertical and alternate not frequently seen are these respondents. Hence it is necessary to diagnose the children as early as possible to prevent them from other ocular manifestations.
Frequency of mesiodens among school children in Multan, southern Punjab.
Authors: Zafar Rabia , Ashar Talha , Shakoor Asma , Iqbal Javed
Published: May 2021

Objective: To know the frequency of mesiodens among school children in Multan, Southern Punjab. Study Design: Cross Sectional Descriptive study. Setting: In Two Private Schools and Two Public Schools. Period: December 2019 to March 2020. Material & Methods: In this study 340 students were equally selected from private and government schools for study and were selected on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Informed consent of the patient/guardian was taken. Medical and dental history of the patient was taken. Every child was examined by two expert dentists with mirror, probes and tweezers. Results: In this study out of 340 individuals 29 individuals showed the presence of mesiodens. Out of these 29 individuals 20 were males and 9 were female. Conclusion: Mesiodens are quite common and is more common in male. Early identification and management is necessary to prevent complications and tooth loss.
Comparison of letrozole and clomiphene citrate efficacy in terms of ovulation induction and pregnancy rate.
Authors: Sharif Nadia , Manzoor Uzma , Bano Saadia , Shahzaad Uzma
Published: May 2021

Objective: To compare the efficacy of Letrozole and clomiphene citrate in Patients of Anovulation polycystic ovarian syndrome with Infertility. Study Design: Randomized Controlled Trial Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Independent Medical College Faisalabad. Period: 30-09-2019 to 29-6-2020. Material & Methods: This study included 100 patients with 50 patients in each group. Group A received 2.5 to 5mg letrozole in each cycle from day 3 to 7. Group B received clomiphene citrate 50 to 100 mg incremental dose depending on ovarian response. Both Drugs were given for consecutive 3 to 6 cycles to see response. Main outcome Measure included optimal follicle size (> 18mm), endometrial thickness, and pregnancy rate. Epidemiological data and efficacy outcome measures were recorded on a Performa. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 13. Chi-square test applied and p-value <o.o5 was considered significant. Both group included primary infertility patients. Results: The mean age of patients was 28.03+ 3.02 years. Mean age of group A patients was 29.04+3.44 and 28.47+3.90 group B patients. Mono ovulation in group A patients (88.9%) and 27 in group b patients (60.0%). The mean endometrial thickness was 9.6mm + 1.6 in letrozole group and 6.9mm + 1.2 in clomiphene citrate group A. In group A 18% got pregnant from Letrozole group and 1.1% from the group B. Conclusion: Efficacy was significantly higher in group A Patients received letrozole as compared to patients echo received clomiphene citrate. The effects of Letrozole showed better outcome in terms of Ovulation Induction Endometrial Thickness and Pregnancy rate.
Investigating Iraqi EFL Secondary School Students' Perceptions towards Using Mobile Language Learning Technique
Authors: Khdair Nisreen Kadhim
Published: May 2021

Changes in mobile technologies, developments in information technologies and telecommunication, computers programs and expansion of mobile market, likewise have inspired people to make use of these “anytime” and “anywhere” technologies in second language teaching. Use of mobile devices in language teaching has been the focus of language learning studies since language learning necessitates interaction and autonomy which are the key concepts in mobile assisted language learning for learners.

The research aims at investigating Iraqi EFL secondary school students' perceptions towards using mobile language learning technique.

To achieve the aim of the present research, a sample of 40 secondary school students were chosen randomly from many schools .

To fulfill the aim of the study, the questionnaire of students consists of (17) items. After the analysis of the data, the findings indicated that the vast majority of students had had used their mobile phones to study English. Also, they expressed their welcome towards using this technology to study English in the future.

It is recommended to promote the use of mobile learning devices, and encourage students to use mobile as a means of learning and teaching English language in various stages of education.
Analisis Defect Produk Viro Core Collection dengan Metode Fault Tree Analysis, Analisis Faktor dan Perbandingan
Authors: Syahabuddin Agus , Zulziar Marjuki
Published: May 2021

PT. Polymindo Permata adalah perusahaan ekstrusi plastik yang memproduksi rotan sintetis. Salah satu produk fast moving andalannya adalah Viro Core Collection (VCC) yang menyumbang 50% dari total order. Defect produk VCC masih jauh lebih tinggi dari target 3%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kualitas dan mengurangi waste dengan pendekatan sistematis menggunakan metode Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), analisis faktor dan analisis perbandingan. Hasil diagram Pareto menunjukan penyebab cacat tertinggi adalah warna belang mencapai 23.24 % dari total produk cacat. Hasil analisis FTA dan analisis faktor diketahui faktor penyebab defect warna belang disebabkan karena metode mixing material untuk mesin Co-extruder setiap Setter yang berbeda-beda, ekstrusi material IHMB menggunakan mesin Single Screw Extruder, sistem mesin Co-extruder tidak berfungsi maksimal, dan Heater tidak berfungsi maksimal. Setelah improvement diterapkan kemudian dilakukan analisis perbandingan Independent-Sample T-Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode mixing material untuk mesin Co-extruder setiap Setter yang berbeda-beda sebelum ada SOP dibanding setelah ada SOP berbeda signifikan, sehingga faktor ini adalah paling dominan untuk meningkatkan kualitas dan menurunkan defect.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Fly Ash Batubara sebagai Koagulan dengan Konsep Reverse Logistics
Authors: Leksono Eko Budi , Abidin Ali
Published: May 2021

Proses produksi Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap yang menggunakan batubara sebagai sumber energi pembakarannya, menghasilkan limbah berupa fly ash dan buttom ash yang tergolong Bahan Beracun dan Berbahaya (B3). Apabila limbah batubara tidak dikelola dengan baik, akan menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan. PT Petrokimia Gresik memiliki pembangkit listrik dengan dua unit boiler yang menggunakan batubara sebagai sumber energi pembakaran, dengan kapasitas 32 megawatt. Penelitian ini bertujuan memanfaatkan limbah fly ash batubara yang dihasilkan dari Utilitas Batubara (UBB) yang berjumlah 20 ton per hari. Data yang diperlukan dalam penelitian ini yaitu data limbah fly ash batubara dan data kebutuhan koagulan yang berasal dari data produksi. Dengan menggunakan metode reverse logistics, fly ash batubara didaur ulang menjadi koagulan padat untuk dijadikan bahan masukan di unit effluent treatment yang kemudian dapat menghasilkan air bersih untuk diproses menjadi air demin sebagai Boiler Feed Water di UBB. Fly ash dijadikan koagulan dengan cara mereaksikannya menggunakan Asam sulfat (H2SO4). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, Rasio pen­campuran optimum antara fly ash kadar Al2O3 sebesar 20,56% dengan H2SO4 1:1 dalam pembuatan koagulan didapatkan rasio 1:2. Dosis optimum pemakaian koagulan dalam penelitian ini pada air limbah di TK 6616 (neutralis water) yaitu sebesar 0,5 g/L (500 ppm) dengan penurunan turbiditas sebesar 98,68% dan penurunan TSS sebesar 97,41%. Kemudian, koagulan hasil pengelolaan dijadikan bahan masukkan di unit effluent treatment PT Petrokimia Gresik, sehingga dapat membentuk sistem closed loop pada aliran proses produksi. Potensi keuntungan dari penerapan hasil penelitian ini sebesar Rp 49.394.250 per hari.
EFEK PENAMBAHAN ENZIM (Amylase, Protease, Xylanase) DALAM PAKAN TERHADAP BERAT TELUR DAN DIAMETER KUNING TELUR PADA ITIK CAMPURAN
Authors: Palgunadi Bagus Uda , Widyawati Ratna , Sari Dian Ayu Kartika , Tusadiah Halimah
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this research aims to determine the effect of adding enzymes (amylase, protease, xylanase) in feed on egg weight and egg yolk diameter in mixed ducks. The experimental animals used were 24 laying ducks. The design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 6 replications. The four treatments were P0 (Control), P1 (6 ducks with Avizym1502®5gram / kg), P2 (6 ducks with Avizym1502® 10gram / kg), and P3 (6 ducks given Avizym1502). ® 15gram / kg). This treatment is carried out once a day for 9 weeks. Before the treatment, the ducks were adapted for a week. After that, the initial egg weight and yolk diameter were measured at week 0, week 6, and week 9. Data obtained from the results of weighing eggs found an average value of P0 (59.1667 ± 3.9200a) g, P1 5gram / kg (56.1667 ± 2.9268a) g, P2 10gram / kg (60.1667 ± 4.9966a) g, and P3 15gram / kg (67.6667 ± 2.7325ᵇ) g. The results of data from examining the diameter of the egg yolk found an average value of P0 (45.03 ± 1.2956a) mm, P1 5gram / kg (44.35 ± 0.7969a) mm, P2 10gram / kg (45.75 ± 1.5694a) mm, and P3 15gram / kg (48.83 ± 0.7394ᵇ) mm. The data obtained were then analyzed using the ANOVA test which statistically showed that there was a significant difference (P <0.05) between egg weight and yolk diameter in mixed ducks treated with enzymes (amylase, protease, xylanase) in the feed.
NILAI pH DAN DETEKSI Salmonella sp. DAGING SAPI DI PASAR TRADISIONAL DAN PASAR MODERN DI WILAYAH SURABAYA TIMUR
Authors: Yanestria Sheila Marty , Rahayu Asih , Atina Atina
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the pH value and detection of Salmonella sp beef in traditional markets and modern markets in East Surabaya. This type of observational research with descriptive analysis based on the range of normal pH values ​​of beef and the biochemical properties of Salmonella sp. The samples used consisted of the following: traditional markets with codes A, B, C, D, and E, and modern markets with codes 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. Each sample taken from each market consisted of cooked meat. deep or tenderloin with 2 different pieces. Based on the results of the study showed that there was no significant difference in the pH value of beef from traditional markets and modern markets in East Surabaya (P <0.05) and there was 1 positive meat sample for Salmonella sp from traditional markets and 2 meat samples. Positive Salmonella sp which comes from the modern market.
Kajian Peran Gen P53 dalam Tumorigenesis
Authors: Yunani Retina
Published: May 2021

Gene p53 is a tumor suppressor gene that in normal conditions is in ' standby ' mode , several studies show that pivotal point that lead to stimulation of p53 is DNA damage , heat shock , hypoxia, exposure of nitric oxide ( NO ) , the expression of oncogenes and some p53 pathways activation. p53 mechanism as a guardian of genome stability are cell cycle arrest, repair of DNA damaged, induce apoptosis, prevents angiogenesis , invasion and metastasis ability of the tumor. On many tumor , p53 is not loss , but mutated , the p53 mutant was expressed 70 % in lung cancer , and in different frequencies in other cancers . Then the role of p53 as a transcription factor that works to regulate genes involved in tumor suppression is indispensable .
Efek Inokulasi Trypanosoma Evansi Terhadap Histopatologi Jaringan Syaraf Mencit (Mus Musculus)
Authors: Setiawan Epry
Published: May 2021

The alms of this was analized research aims to analyze the damage of nerve tissue in the brain of mice (Mus Musculus) inoculated with Trypanosoma evansi. The animal used in this research was 27 male mice. The plan used in this research was the random complete plan (RAL) with one control group and two experimental groups used nine repetitions. Control group (PO) was given aquades, P1 group was inoculated with Trypanosoma evensi 0,2x104 ml by intraperitoneal, and then P2 group was inoculated with Trypanosma evansi 0,2x104 ml by subcutan. In the fourth day after inoculated the mice were sacrificed and taken the brain organ to make histopathology blood smear. The lesi result was analyzed by using scoring Kennedy method, it showed the result, there was a change of histopathology of nerve tissue in the brain organ of mice (Mus Musculus), it was lesion meningitis 33% was in the control group, 100% was in the experimental group 1 (P1), 100% was in the experimental group 2 (P2). Perivascullar cuffing was 0% in the control group, 100% was in the experimental group 1, and 88% was in the experimental group 2. The gained data was processed by using Statistical Program For Science (SPSS) with Krusskall-Wallis Test method and then with Mann-Whitney Test method. The result showed the real differences (P≤0,01) between control group and experimental group 2.
PENENTUAN KEDALAMAN SUMUR BOR BERDASARKAN DATA GEOLISTRIK RESISTIVITAS DI BEBERAPA KAMPUNG DI KABUPATEN FAK-FAK
Authors: Khristian Enggar Pamuji
Published: May 2021

Geoelectrical Resistivity method is a geophysical method that can be used to determine subsurface geology based on rock resistivity image. Resistivity survey has been done in some villages, in Fak Fak Regency, West Papua Province. The measurement method that used is sounding, whereas electrode configuration used is Dipole-dipole configuration with a stretch of 100 -150 m. The data obtained are then processed by Progress Res2Dinv. The results of this survey obtained show that in the resistivity sounding measurement point found any good groundwater aquifers, as the  water source of drilled well. Water layer with the thickness between 1-3 m at the surface (alluvial) is a rain water infiltration that is not recommended to make boreholes at this point.
IDENTIFIKASI JENIS VEGETASI DOMINAN DI AREAL BEKAS KEBUN DAN KEBUN DI KAMPUNG AYAMBORI MANOKWARI (Identifying Dominant Vegetation In The Plantation Area And Former Farmland As The Indicator Of Soil Fertality At Ayambori Village – Manokwari)
Authors: Heru Joko Budirianto
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study is to identify types of dominant vegetations in the plantation area and former farmland as indicator of soil fertility. Vegetation plays an important role to provide soil fertilities. Certain types, growing in the former farmland can possibly indicate soil fertilities both in the plantation area and former farmland. Aspect of the fertilities likely influences number of vegetative types and diversity of species.

Measured vegetation is used to comparing species composition and its diversities.  The former plantation that is taken up as sample has been used for 5 year. Identification of the type was carried out by using vegetative analysis. The valuable index was calculated to determine extensively the role of the dominant types from seeding and wooded phase. There are four different plot sizes. 20x20 meter is utilized purposively for wooded phase, 10x10 meter is pole, 5x5 is used as stake phase and 2x2 meter is made for seeding phase. The species which has important role for the soil fertilities are indentified through exploring various references and the result of interview from local society

The finding reveals that vegetative composition in the former farmland which has been used for 5 year consists of three phases, including seeding, stake and pole. Totally, the types are 30 species under each phase. 23 types are in the seeding, 19 types contribute for pole and 6 types are resulted in the wooded phase. The dominant type of seedling phase is Lunasia amara, Piper aduncum is gotten in the stake phase, and the pole one is Mallotus philippensis. However, differently the plantation area carried out 39 species in the seeding phase, sapling phases has 36 species,   pole phase carries out 16 species and 17 species is in the wooden phase. The dominant types is in the seeding and stake phase is Nephelium lappaceum, Lansium domesticum is pole phase, and Durio zibenthinus is resulted in the wooded phase
KAJIAN METODE FUZZY K-RATAAN DAN FUZZY K-MEDOIDS (STUDI KASUS: PENGELOMPOKAN DESA DI KABUPATEN SORONG TAHUN 2016 BERDASARKAN STATUS KETERTINGGALAN)
Authors: Indah Ratih Anggriyani  , Matualage Dariani , Matulessy Esther Ria
Published: May 2021

The developments research in the cluster analysis using the fuzzy method. The fuzzy method allocates to each group with membership value located at interval [0, 1], showing the magnitude of the possibility of an object being a member into a particular group. Outlier in data very important known before grouping, because affect the final result. Grouping by using the mean value as the center of the group will be more sensitive than using the median value, so this research applies fuzzy c-means and fuzzy c-medoid method to the grouping of villages in Sorong Regency Year 2016 based on the underdevelopment status and examine the goodness of both methods. There are 23.2% of villages that do not change when done grouping with both methods. Overall average distance of group center object and varians in the resulting group the two methods are the same, the varins between groups of fuzzy c-means is greater than the fuzzy c-medoid method.
PEMETAAN CAKUPAN DAYA PANCAR SINYAL GSM 2G TELKOMSEL DI KOTA MANOKWARI MENGGUNAKAN ANALISIS SIG
Authors: Dwi Safitri  , Muslimin Abdul Muis , Mirino Rosalina  R
Published: May 2021

A study has been conducted on evaluating the coverage signals transmitting power of BTS Telkomsel in the city of Manokwari using geographic information system analysis. This study aims to analyze the coverage of the signal transmitting power of each  BTS Telkomsel in the study area based on the residential and administrative variables, by determining the slope shadow area using 3-dimensional analysis and mapping the coverage of Telkomsel's cellular network in Manokwari Regency with the analysis method of Geographic Information System (GIS).

From the study, Telkomsel GSM 2G signal coverage map was obtained based on residential variables, the area covered by the signal is in West Manokwari District around 99.78% covering an area of 9.3 km2, in East Manokwari District around 96.24% covering 2.05 km2, At South Manokwari District around 12.3% covering 0.81 km2 and in North Manokwari District there is no residential area covered by the signal. Based on administrative boundaries, the area of ​​the district covered by GSM 2G Telkomsel is obtained, in West Manokwari District around 64% covering an area of  41.1 km2, in East Manokwari District around 80% covering 15 km2, in South Manokwari District around 50.31% covering 3.7 km2 and in North Manokwari District which is about 4% covering 1.2 km2.

With the 3-dimensional analysis method it can also be seen that the slope shadow area that is not reachable by Telkomsel's 2G GSM signal. From the results of data processing, a slope shadow area with an area of ​​0.2 km2.
Karakterisasi Nukleotida Daerah Ekson 5 dan 6 Gen LDLR Penduduk Papua
Authors: Hamida  , Achmad Taher
Published: May 2021

Keragaman suku di Papua berpotensi menghasilkan keragaman genetik. Gen LDLR adalah gen pengkode protein reseptor LDL (LDL-R) yang berperan sangat penting dalam homeostasis kolesterol. Gen LDLR terdiri dari 18 ekson dan 17 intron yang membentang sepanjang 45 kilo basa (kb). Daerah ekson 5 dan 6 merupakan bagian struktural yang penting dalam menyandi asam amino penyusun daerah pengikat ligan yang memediasi interaksi antara reseptor dan lipoprotein yang mengandung Apo B-100 atau Apo E. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkarakterisasi nukleotida pada daerah ekson 5 dan 6 gen LDLR penduduk Papua dengan  asal yang berbeda. Amplifikasi gen target dilakukan menggunakan metode reaksi berantai polimerase (PCR) lalu disekuensing untuk mengetahui urutan basa nukleotida. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan bahwa karakter nukleotida daerah ekson 5 dan 6 gen LDLR dari 9 mahasiswa UNIPA asal Papua adalah identik karena memiliki jumlah nukleotida dan susunan nukleotida yang sama. Jumlah nukleotida untuk daerah ekson 5 sebesar 123 pb, terdiri dari T=22,0%, C=24,4%, G=30,9%, A=22,8%, A+T=44,8% dan C+G=55,3%. Untuk daerah ekson 6 dengan jumlah nukleotida sebesar 123 pb, komposisi nukleotidanya yakni T=16,3%, C=26,8%, G=27,6%, A=29,3%, A+T=45,6% dan C+G=54,4%. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa kedua daerah tersebut adalah lestari.