bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The personality profile of a successful sales representative in the liquor industry
Authors: Augustyn J. C. D. , De Villiers W. S.
Published: August 2012

From a study of the relevant literature it is clear that in general characteristics of sales representatives, and their personality profile in particular, have not been clearly identified. The objective of this study was to seek clarification of this issue. Two instruments were used in the investigation; namely, the South African Personality Questionnaire and the Thurstone Temperament Schedule. These instruments were administered to 45 sales representatives in the liquor industry and it was established that successful and less successful sales representatives could be statistically differentiated in terms of personality profile. Opsomming Uit die relevante literatuur blyk dit duidelik dat die kenmerke van die verkoopsverteenwoordiger in die algemeen en sypersoonlikheidsprofiel in die besonder nie duidelik ornlyn is nie. Die doelwit van hierdie studie was om groter duidelikheid in die verband te verkry. Twee instrumente is in die ondersoek gebruik nl. die Suid-Afrikaanse Persoonlikheidsvraelys en die Thurstone Temperament Schedule. Hierdie instrumente is geadministreer aan 'n steekproefvan 45 verkoopsverteenwoordigers in die drankbedryf en daar is bevind dat suksesvolle en minder suksesvolle verkoopsverteenwoordigers statisties gedifferensieer kan word in terme van hul persoonlikheidsprofiele.
'n Multidimensionele skaleringstudie van personeelkonsultantgroepe in Suid Afrika
Authors: Theron C. C. , De Jager L. C.
Published: August 2012

A multidimentional scaling study of personnel consultancy groups in South Africa. Ten 12x12 symetric dissimilarity matrices of inter personnel consultant comparisons were submitted to weigthed multidimensional scaling. Vector and ideal point models were used to relate preference and con- sultant attributes to the group stimulus space. Results indicate that the hypothetical ideal consultant differs significantly from existing consultancies and that there exists a partial incongruence between the attributes used spontaneously when comparing a number of consultancies and the critical consultant attributes identified in the literature. Recommendations for further research are made. Opsomming Tien 12x12 simmetriese dissimilariteitsmatrikse van interpersoneelkonsultante-beoordelings is onderwerp aan matriksgeweegde multidimensionele skating. Vektor n "ideal point" modelle is gebruik om voorkeur en konsultantattribute met die groepstimulusruimte in verband te bring. Resultate dui daarop dat die hipotetiese ideate konsultant betekenisvol verskil van bestaande konsultantaanbiedinge en dat daar 'n element van inkongruensie bestaan tussen die attribute wat spontaan na vore tree by onderlinge vergelyking van konsultantgroepe en die kritieke attribute soos deur die literatuur geidentifiseer. Aanbevelings vir verdere studie word gemaak.
The validation of furnham's locus of control scale for a black Southern African group
Authors: Van Daalen H. J. , Van Niekerk E. C. , Pottas C. D.
Published: August 2012

This is a replication study to investigate the validity (factor structure) and reliability (alpha internal consistency, and test-retest reliability) of Fumham's Economic Locus of Control Scale (ELOC) for a Southern African black group. Three factors emerged, viz. an 'Internal' factor, a 'chance' factor and 'Powerful Others'. Alpha coefficients and test-retest coefficients indicated sufficient levels of reliability. Possible reasons for different answering patterns as well as possible application areas are discussed. Opsomming Hierdie is 'n repliseringstudie om die geldigheid (faktorstruktuur) en die betroubaarheid (alfa interne konsekwentheid en toets-hertoetsbetroubaarheid) van Fumham se "Economic Locus of Control Scale" (ELOC) op 'n Suider Afrikaanse swart groep te ondersoek. Drie faktore is onttrek, naamlik 'n "Interne" faktor, 'n "Kans"-faktor en 'n "Magtige Ander Persone"-faktor. Alfa koeffisiente en toets-hertoets koeffisiente dui aanvaarbare betroubaarheid aan. Moontlike redes vir verskillende patrone van beantwoording asook toepassingsmoontlikhede word bespreek.
'n Ondersoek na die potensiaal-bepaling van werknemers in die landbousektor.
Authors: Augustyn J. C. D. , De Villiers W. S. , Raubenheimer I. Van W
Published: August 2012

An investigation into determining the potential of workers in the agricultural sector. Industrial Psychological principles and concepts are not being applied extensively in the agricultural sector. Against this background an attempt was made to scientifically identify potential and predict job performance amongst farm labourers. Using the PAQ method of job analysis, critical attributes were identified and a satisfactorily valid battery of tests was developed. The results of this study underlines the importance of the identification of the potential of farm labourers as a first step in the personnel management process. It also serves as a source of information that could be used by farmers for counselling purposes. Opsomming Wat die toepassing van Bedryfsielkundige beginsels en konsepte betref bestaan daar in die landboubedryf nog groot leemtes. Teen hierdie agtergrond is 'n poging aangewend om op 'n wetenskaplike wyse die potensiaal van plaasarbeiders te bepaal. Deur middel van die WOV-metode van posontleding is kritieke attribute by workers geidentifiseer en kon 'n toetsbattery met aanvaarbare geldigheid saamgestel word. Die resultate van die studie bevestig dat die identifisering van die potensiaal van plaaswerkers 'n noodsaaklike eerste stap in die personeelbestuursproses is. Dit kan ook met groot vrug as voorligtingshulpmiddel deur boere gebruik word.
Demographic factors affecting white attitudes to black advancement in a South African organization
Authors: Kamfer L.
Published: August 2012

An empirical study was undertaken in a South African organization in which white attitudes to black advancement were analyzed in terms of eight demographic variables - home language, sex, age, length of service, education, job grade, department, and geographical location. The scale employed was found to have acceptable psychometric properties in terms of internal consistency and factor structure. Education, language, job grade, department and location showed significant statistical relationships with attitudes to black advancement. No differences were found for sex, age or length of service. These variables accounted for 22 of the variance. The majority of the variance in attitude to black advancement is still unexplained. Opsomming 'n Empiriese studie is in 'n Suid-Afrikaanse organisasie onderneem waarin die houdings van blankes tot swart ontwikkeling ondersoek is in terme van agt demografiese veranderlikes - huistaal, geslag, ouderdom, diensjare, opvoedingspeil, posvlak, afdeling, en geograflese ligging. Die meetinstrument het aanvaarbare psigometriese eienskappe vertoon in terme van beide betroubaarheid en faktorsamestelling. Opvoedkundige peil, huistaal, posvlak, afdeling en ligging het beduidende verbande met houding teenoor swart ontwikkeling getoon. Geen verskille is ten opsigte van geslag, ouderdom en diensjare gevind nie. Hierdie veranderlikes het 22 van die variansie verklaar. Die grootste gedeelte van die variansie wat blankes se houding teenoor swart ontwikkeling bepaal, bly nog onverklaar.
Organisasievernuwing: Die identifisering en integrasie van enkele konstrukte
Authors: Watkins M. L. , Barnard A. L.
Published: August 2012

Organisational renewal: The identification of certain constructs. Organisations consist of interactive subsystems and processes which create a whole-forming "Gestalt". Researchers are nevertheless inclined to focus on divergent organisational subsystems and processes when studying organisational renewal. This propensity possibly gave rise to divergent definitions of organisational renewal which creates a lack of discipline and demarcation in the development of this field of study. Due to a need for the identification and integration of relevant constructs, a content analysis of a number of organisational renewal definitions was made. It was found that the constructs "man", "strategy", "technology", "processes" and "intervention" are the most important building blocks of organisational renewal. These constructs are integrated in a definition to create direction for a more disciplined approach to organisational renewal. Opsomming Organisasies bestaan uit interaktiewe subsisteme en prosesse wat 'n geheelvormende "Gestalt" tot stand bring. Navorsers is nogtans geneig om, by die bestudering van organisasievernuwing, op uiteenlopende organisasiesub- sisteme en prosesse te fokus. Hierdie neiging het moontlik aanleiding gegee tot uiteenlopende organisasievemuwings- definisies wat 'n gebrek aan dissipline en afbakening by die ontwikkeling van die spesialiteitsrigting skep. Na aanleiding van 'n behoefte aan die identifisering en integrasie van verwante konstrukte wat hierdeur voortgebring word, is 'n inhoudsanalise van 'n aantal organisasievemuwingsdennisies gemaak. Daar is gevind dat die konstrukte "mens", "strategic", "tegnologie", "prosesse" en "ingryping" die belangrikste boustene van organisasievernuwing is. Hierdie konstrukte word in 'n definisie geintegreer ten einde 'n rigtingwyser vir 'n meer gedissiplineerde benadering tot organisasievernuwing te skep.
Communicating for change: A guide to managing the future of South African organisations
Authors: Van Vuuren J.
Published: August 2012

It is generally possible to place publications dealing with particular disdciplines somewhere on a continuum ranging from the highly philosophical and often metatheoretical through the pragmatic/semi academic to the purely practical.
Empowering black managers in a multicultural society
Authors: Moerdyk A. P. , Coldwell D.
Published: August 2012

Recently, Erwee (1988) discussed the issue of black advancement in South Africa. This paper extends and clarifies her views. Three reasons for lack of progress are proposed. The first two, namely prejudice and lock of ability are rejected in favour of a mismatch argument, which argues that management is ethnocentric, seeking out and rewarding behaviours that are arbitrary and inappropriate. The effects of "culture" on the behaviour of black employees and white management are discussed and the need is stressed for both groups to move from their ethnocentric value systems and behaviour patterns if black managers are to be "empowered" to achieve their full potential. Opsomming Erwee (1988) het onlangs die kwessie van swart vooruitgang in Suid-Afrika bespreek. Hierdie referaat brei daarop uit en lewer kommentaar op haar sienswyse. Drie redes vir die gebrek aan vordering word aan die hand gedoen. Die eerste twee, naamlik vooroordeel en gebrek aan bekwaamhied word verwerp ten gunste van 'n wanpassingsargument waarvolgens bestuur as etnosentries beskou word en dienooreenkomstig gedrag soek en beloon wat in wese arbitrer en ontoepaslik is. Die effek van "kulturele" faktore op die gedrag van swart werknemers en blanke bestuurders word bespreek en die behoefte daaraan dat beide groepe wegbeweeg van hulle etnosentriese waardestelsels en gedragspatrone, word beklemtoon as voorvereiste vir die bemagtiging van swart bestuurders om hulle voile potensiaal te verwesenlik.
Testing the value and life-style model (VALS) of psychographic market segmentation
Authors: Rousseau G. G. , Kruger J.
Published: August 2012

This article describes the development of a psychographic inventory suitable for testing the VALS model of market segmentation within the South African context. Hypotheses relating to value and life-style traits, suggested by prior research, are tested, utilising a sample of white and black respondents in the Johannesburg/Soweto metropolitan area. Results imply that the instrument developed has moderate reliability and can be administered bilingually. The VALS model tested by the instrument suggests that most respondents hold need-driven and outer-directed values. Impllications for value and lifestyle segmentation within the South African context are discussed. Opsomming Hierdie artikel beskryfdie ontwikkeling van 'n psigografiese inventaris geskik vir die toetsing van die VALS-model van marksegmentasie binne Suid-Afrikaanse verband. Hipoteses met betrekking tot waarde- en lewenstyltrekke, voortspruitend uit vorige navorsing, word getoets op 'n steekproef van wit en swart respondente in die Johannesburg/Soweto metropolitaanse gebied. Resultate toon dat die instrument gemiddelde betroubaarheid openbaar en toepasbaar is op 'n tweetalige grondslag. Die VALS-model soos getoets deur die instrument toon dat die meeste respondente behoefte-gedrewe en na buite gerigte waardes openbaar. Implikasies vir waarde- en lewenstylsegmentasie binne Suid-Afrikaanse verband word ook bespreek.
Arbeidsverhoudingebestuur
Authors: Coetzee J. J. L.
Published: August 2012

Managing Industrial Relations in South Africa is inderdaad in velerlei opsigte 'n indrukwekkende publikasie.
The introduction of new or advanced technology: The role of the industrial psychologist
Authors: Veldsman T. H.
Published: August 2012

The purpose of this article is to discuss the role that the industrial psychologist must and can play in the introduction of new or advanced technology. In the article attention is given to three topics: firstly, the rationale behind the industrial psychologist's contribution which finds its foundation in the discrepancy which usually arises between the expected and actual performance of a technology after its introduction; secondly a suggested methodology to assist the industrial psychologist in fulfilling his,her role in this respect; and thirdly, the major responsibilities of the industrial psychologist in this regard. Opsomming Die doel van hierdie artikel is om die rol wat die bedryfsielkundige moet en kan speel in die implementering van nuwe of gevorderde tegnologie aan te toon. In die artikel word die volgende drie aspekte bespreek: eerstens, die rasionaal onderliggend aan die bedryfsielkundige se bydrae wat sy oorsprong vind in die verskil wat gewoonlik ontstaan tussen die verwagte en werklike prestasie van 'n tegnologie na implementering; tweedens, 'n voorgestelde metodologie wat die bedryfsielkundige kan gebruik om sy/haar rol in hierdie verband te kan vervul; en derdens die belangrikste verantwoordelikhede van die bedryfsielkundige in hierdie hoedanigheid.
Die blanke werkskuwe in Suid-Afrika: Enkele biografiese kenmerke
Authors: Sieberhagen G. Van Der M , Raubenheimer I. Van W
Published: August 2012

The white workshy person in South Africa: Biographical features. From a literature survey a profile of the white male work-shy person is developed. Hypotheses as to how the work-shy differs from the working person are then formulated and tested empirically. Results indicate that the work-shy differs significantly from the working individual in terms of characteristics relating to affective (emotional), conative (motivational), social, intellectual, and physical functioning. Opsomming Aan die hand van 'n literatuurstudie word 'n beeld opgebou van, en hipoteses ontwikkel oor die biografiese kenmerke van die werkskuwe. Hierdie kenmerke word dan empirics vergelyk met die van die normaalwerkende persoon. Die resultate toon aan dat Suid-Afrikaanse werkskuwes beduidend van normaal-werkende persone verskil wat betref affektiewe (emosionele), konatiewe (wils), sosiale, intellektuele en fisiese funksionering.
Die verband tussen tydoriëntasie, diepte-oriëntasie en lokus van kontrole
Authors: Louw J. W. , Raubenheimer I. Van W
Published: August 2012

The relationship between time orientation, depth orientation and locus of control. The purpose of this study was to find an application for the 4-D theory within the field of personality, by establishing the relationships between locus of control, time orientation and depth orientation. The hypotheses set with regard to these relationships were generally confirmed, and significant differences were found between the two sexes. This study provides further evidence of the scientific value of the 4-D theory as a general classification theory of human behaviour, and also stresses the role of control relationships in different life situations as important explanatory variables in the study of behaviour. Opsomming Die doel met hierdie studie was om 'n toepassing vir die 4-D teorie binne die veld van persoonlikheidsfunksionering te vind, deur die verwantskappe tussen die konstrukte lokus van kontrole, tydoriëntasie en diepteorientasie te ondersoek. Die hipoteses met betrekking tot hierdie verwantskappe, kon oor die algemeen aanvaar word. Betekenisvolle verskille is ook tussen die twee geslagte gevind. Hierdie studie verskaf verdere ondersteunende bewyse vir die wetenskaplike waarde van die 4-D teorie as algemene klassifikasieteorie van menslike gedrag, en beklemtoon die rol van kontroleverhoudings in verskillende lewensituasies as belangrike verklaringsmeganismes vir die bestudering van gedrag.
Persepsies t.o.v. die sosio-politieke rol van vakbonde, stakings en vakbonddemokrasie
Authors: Ferndale U.
Published: August 2012

Perceptions regarding the socio-political role of labour unions, strikes and trade union democracy. The aim of this study was to determine the perceptions of trade union members and the general public with regard to the socio-political role of the emergent trade unions!. A further aim was to determine whether or not respondents regarded those unions as democratic organisations. The findings of this investigation indicate that the respondents viewed strikes and the socio- political role of trade unions positively. The trade unions mentioned were further regarded as democratic organisations. Opsomming Die doel van hierdie ondersoek was om die persepsies van vakbondlede en die breer publiek t.o.v. die sosio-politieke rol van sogenaamde "emergent" vakbonde1 te peil. Daar is ook gepoog om vas te stel of die "emergent" vakbonde as demokratiese organisasies beskou word, al dan nie. Die bevindinge van hierdie ondersoek was dat die respondente 'n posihewe siening van stakings en die sosio-politieke rol van vakbonde het. Verder word die genoemde vakbonde ook as demokratiese organisasies beskou.
Sielkundige aspekte van verbruikersentiment
Authors: Vlok A.
Published: August 2012

Psychological aspects of consumer sentiment. The basic premise of the study was that consumer sentiment relates, inter alia, to qualitative differences in economic perceptions and the subjective quality of life. The nature of consumer sentiment in relatively good and bad times was examined and some qualitative variables were regressed on consumer sentiment. The Results tend to support the stated research hypotheses. Locus of control is tentatively suggested as an explanatory principle. Opsomming Die basiese uitgangspunt van die studie was dat verbruikersentiment onder meer verband hou met kwalitatiewe verskille in ekonomiese persepsies en subjektiewe lewenskwaliteit. Die aard van verbruikersentiment in relatief goeie en swak tye is ondersoek en enkele kwalitatiewe veranderlikes aan regressie-ontleding onderwerp om verbruikersentiment te voorspel. Die resultate dui op steun vir die gestelde navorsingshipoteses. Lokus van beheer word tentatief as 'n verklaringsbeginsel aan die hand gedoen.
Leerteoretiese basis van die andragogie
Authors: Simpson C. J. A. , Lessing B. C.
Published: August 2012

Learning theory basis of andragogy. A cursory glance at andragogy creates the impression that humanistic learning theory plays an all encompassing role in the learner centered approach andragogy espouses. A closer look, however, reveals that Knowles (1973), after having made an intensive study of learning theory, created an extensive framework within which human resource development can take place. The fact that Knowles attracted critique from different areas, led to a need to ascertain the role different learning theories, if any, played in the emergence of andragogy. Having looked at the assumptions displayed by the andragogical approach, as well as a comparison of different learning theories and their connection with andragogy, it became clear that andragogy contains elements of various learning theories in an adapted way. These adaptations resulted in an approach to adult education in which learners are given the opportunity to be part of the learning process in such a way that they themselves contribute to the development which takes place. Opsomming Met 'n eerste oogopslag wil dit voorkom asof humanistiese leerteorie 'n oorheersende rol in die leerdergesentreerde benadering van andragogie speel. By nadere ondersoek blyk dit egter dat Knowles (1973), na 'n deeglike studie van verskillende leerteoretiese beginsels, 'n omvangryke raamwerk geskep het waarbinne, aan die hand van verskeie aangepaste leerteoretiese beginsels, menslike hulpbronontwikkeling kan plaasvind. As gevolg van die feit dat Knowles vanuit verskillende oorde kritiek op die lyf geloop het, is besluit om die rol wat verskillende leerteorieë in andragogie speel, te bestudeer. Dit blyk dat andragogie nie net elemente van verskillende leerteorieë bevat nie, maar dat toepaslike aspekte van die teoriee wat ondersoek is, benut en aangepas is om 'n geintegreerde benadering te bewerkstellig waarin veral volwassene-leerders by leergeleenthede en hulle selfontwikkeling betrek word.
Type a behaviour pattern and performance as insurance representative
Authors: Strumpfer D. J. W. , Goudie K.
Published: August 2012

Participants were 155 insurance representatives and 116 of them who were still in the same position one year later. The performance criterion represented commission on policies and annuities sold; data were obtained for the year of testing and the next year. The Jenkins Activity Survey was administered. The Type A (M === 6.26; SD == 7.90) was not excessively high. The Factor H score correlated r (114) - 0,23, p = 0,05 with the criterion for the second year; no other score correlated significantly with criterion scores. Interventions to reduce Type A behaviour for health reasons seem unlikely to reduce business performance. Opsomming Die deelnemers was 155 assuransieverteenwoordigers en 116 van hulle wat een jaar later nog in dieselfde pos was. Die prestasiekriterium het kommissie op polisse en annuiteite verteenwoordig; gegewens is vir die jaar van toetsing en die volgende jaar verkry. Jenkins se Aktiviteitsvraelys is toegepas. Die Tipe A (X == 6.26; SA - 790) was nie buitengewoon hoog nie. Die Faktor H-telling het r (114) - 0,23, p - 0,05 met die kriterium vir die tweede jaar gekorreleer; geen ander tellings het beduidend met die kriteriumtellings gekorreleer nie. Dit lyk onwaarskynlik dat intervensies om Tipe A-gedrag om gesondheidsredes te verminder besigheidsprestasie sal verlaag.
Die kognitiewe, persoonlikheids- en belangstellingsprofiele van homogene klasse, gevorm aan die hand van die jung-persoonlikheidsvraelys
Authors: Carstens C. A. , Schepers J. M.
Published: August 2012

The cognitive, personality and interest profiles of homogeneous classes formed with reference to the Jung Personality Questionnaire. The principal aim of the study was to determine whether individuals can be classified into natural classes according to the dimensions of the Jung Personality Questionnaire (JPQ), viz. introversionextraversion, feeling-thinking, intuition-sensing and perception-judging. Five clusters were obtained by means of a cluster analysis. Multivariate analysis of variance revealed statistically significant differences between the obtained clusters in terms of the mean vectors of scores from the Senior Aptitude Test (SAT), the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16-PF) and the 19 Field Interest Inventory (19-FII). One-way analysis of variance was used to test the differences amongst the five clusters in terms of the above mentioned mean scores. Statistically significant results were obtained. Opsomming Die hoofdoel van die studie was om die teorie van Jung te gebruik ten einde vas te stel of persone in natuurlike klasse ingedeel kan word aan die hand van die vier bipolere persoonlikheidsdimensies van die Jung- persoonlikheidsvraelys (JPV), naamlik introversie- ekstraversie, gevoel-denke, intuisie-waarneming en persepsiebeoordeling. Deur middel van bondelontleding is vyf bondels verkry en met behulp van meerveranderlike variansieontleding is vasgestel dat die bondels statistics beduidend van mekaar verskil ten opsigte van die vektore van gemiddeldes van die Senior Aanlegtoets (SAT), die Sestien-persoonlikheidsfaktorvraelys (16-PF), en die Negentienveld-belangstellingsvraelys (19-VBV). Die verskille tussen bondels ten opsigte van die bogemelde tellings, is deur middel van eenrigting-variansieontleding ondersoek en statistics beduidende resultate is verkry.
A consumer perspective of advertising by attorneys
Authors: Boshoff C.
Published: August 2012

Attorneys in South Africa may soon be permitted to advertise their services for the first time. This recommendation put forward by the Association of Law Societies, though still to be ratified by the four provincial law societies, has come amid increasing competition between attorneys and non- professionals. The marketing fraternity is, however, uncertain as to how members of the public are likely to react to legal services advertising. This study attempts to provide some tentative guidelines for decision-making on advertising by attorneys. Interested parties like attorneys, marketing consultants, and advertising agencies could use the researched information to structure marketing communication strategies which will not transgress the ethical code of the attorneys' profession, but which will satisfy the information needs of consumers. The study reports the findings of a survey conducted among 1 000 members of the public. Indications are that consumers not only think that advertising should be permitted, but also that it will benefit both themselves and the legal profession. Opsomming Prokureurs mag moontlik binnekort toegelaat word om hul dienste te adverteer. Die aanbeveling van die Vereniging van Prokureursordes, wat nog deur die vier provinsiale wetsgenootskappe bekragtig moet word, is geneem as gevolg van toenemende mededinging tussen prokureurs en nie-professionele praktisyns. Bemarkingsdeskundiges is egter onseker oor wat die publiek se reaksie sal wees. Die studie poog om enkele tentatiewe riglyne voor te stel vir bemarkingskommunikasiestrategieë wat nie die regsprofessie se etiese kode sal oortree nie, maar tog voldoende inligting aan verbruikers sal beskikbaar stel. Die bevindinge van 'n opname onder 1 000 lede van die publiek dui daarop dat reklame nie alleen verwelkom sal word nie, maar dat dit moontlik tot voordeel van sowel die publiek as die regsprofessie sal strek.
Die ontwikkeling van die bestuursmotiveringsvraelys (BMV)
Authors: Engelbrecht A. S.
Published: August 2012

The development of the Managerial Motivation Questionnaire (MMQ): Several criticisms of the psychometric suitability of existing measures of managerial motivation are reported in the literature. This study aimed at developing a new psychometrically sound instrument, the Managerial Motivation Questionnaire (MMQ). This was done on the basis of a comprehensive study of the literature on managerial motivation and the role-motivation theory. The preliminary MMQ was systematically shortened and refined until the final MMQ of 98 items was composed. This was based on social desirability and semantic appraisal, item analysis and factor analysis of the questionnaire. The results indicate that it was possible to develop a final MMQ that was relatively free of social desirability. It further demonstrated satsifactory internal consistencies on two samples (a = 0/90, N = 360; a = 0/91, N = 535), where all subscale items were found to be relatively pure measures of the isolated factors. Although some evidence was found providing support for the reliability of the MMQ, a need for further research on the construct validity of managerial motivation still exists. Opsomming In die literatuur word verskeie punte van kritiek teen die psigometriese geskiktheid van bestaande meetinstrumente van bestuursmotivering gerapporteer. Die doelstelling van hierdie studie was dus om aan die hand van die konseptuele omiyning van bestuursmotivering, en die rolmotiveringsteorie as algemene verwysingsraamwerk, 'n nuwe psigometries aanvaarbare meetinstrument, die Bestuursmotiveringsvraelys (BMV), te ontwikkel. Op grond van sosiale wenslikheids- en semantiese beoordeling, itemontleding en faktorontleding van die voorlopige BMV is die vraelys stelselmatig verkort en verfyn totdat die finale BMV van 98 items saamgestel is. Die resultate dui daarop dat hierdie studie wel daarin geslaag het om 'n finale BMV te ontwikkel wat relatief vry van sosiale wenslikheid is, bevredigende interne konsekwentheid op twee steekproewe (a = 0,90, N = 360; a = 0,91, N = 535) gedemonstreer het, en waarvan die items in die subskale almal relatief suiwer metings van die geisoleerde faktore is. Alhoewel sekere bewyse ter ondersteuning van die betroubaarheid van die BMV gevind is, bestaan daar nog 'n behoefte aan verdere navorsing oor die konstrukgeldigheid van bestuursmotivering.
Bestuurstyle in die openbare en privaatsektor van die Suid-Afrikaanse volkshuishouding
Authors: De Villiers W. S. , Raubenheimer I. Van W
Published: August 2012

Management styles in the public and private sector of the South African economy. A questionnaire, consisting of various biographical items and a number of measuring instruments was used to determine whether a difference in management style between organizations in the public and private sector exists. A marked resemblance between the biographical profiles of managers in the public and private sectors was found. No statistically significant difference was found in people orientation in the two sectors. Managers in the private sector however, were inclined to be more authoritarian. To the degree that this phenomenon manifests itself in managerial style, a difference in the management styles of managers in the public and private sectors does exist. Opsomming 'n Vraelys, bestaande uit 'n aantal biografiese items en ander meetinstrumente, is gebruik om te bepaal of 'n verskil in bestuurstyl tussen organisasies in die openbare en privaatsektor bestaan. Resultate dui daarop dat die biografiese profiele van bestuurders in die openbare en privaatsektor 'n groot mate van ooreenstemming toon. Geen statistics beduidende verskil is gevind in mensorientering nie. Bestuurders in die privaatsektor openbaar egter 'n groter mate van outoritarisme. In die mate waarin outoritarisme weerklank vind in die bestuurstyl van bestuurders, kan daar 'n verskil in die bestuurstyle van bestuurders in die privaat- en openbare sektor voorkom.
Die verband tussen enkele dimensies van loopbaanankers, pospersepsie en gehalte van werklewe
Authors: Schreuder A. M. G. , Flowers J.
Published: August 2012

The relationship between certain dimensions of career anchors, job perceptions and quality of work life. The career anchors and job perceptions of a sample of 258 employees in various types of organizations (private, semistate and state) were examined. A significant link was found between the respondents' career anchors and corresponding job perception; after which a test for differences in quality of working life between the fit and non-fit group was carried out. It was only for those respondents whose dominant career anchor was job security that significant differences (p < 0,5) were found and the fit group had a significantly higher score. The implications of these findings on career planning for the individual and the firm are examined.   Opsomming Die loopbaanankers en pospersepsie van 'n steekproef van 258 werknemers in verskillende tipes organisasies (privaat, semi-staat en staat) is ondersoek. 'n Betekenisvolle verband is tussen die proefpersone se loopbaanankers en pospersepsie verkry, waarna vir verskille in gehalte van werklewe tussen die passings- en nie-passingsgroep getoets is. Dit is slegs by daardie respondente waar die dominante loopbaananker werksekuriteit is dat beduidende verskille (p < 0,05) gevind is en die passingsgroep 'n beduidende hoer telling behaal het. Die implikasies van die bevindings ten opsigte van loopbaanbeplanning vir die individu en onderneming word bespreek.
Perseptuele verskille tussen bestuurders en ondergeskiktes ten opsigte van prestasiebeoordeling
Authors: Le Roux C. W. , De Jager L. C.
Published: August 2012

Perceptual differences between managers and subordinates regarding performance appraisal. In order to determine the degree of similarity or disparity in perceptions of subordinates and managers regarding the administrative and developmental dimensions of performance appraisal a subsection (Satisfaction with the Performance and Developmental Appraisal) of the Leadership Analysis Questionnaire (LAQ)(Mount, 1983) was administered to 92 managers, 142 successful subordinates and 67 unsuccessful subordinates. The research reveals that no significant differences exist between the perceptions of successful and unsuccessful subordinates, and between subordinates and managers regarding the administrative and developmental dimensions of performance appraisal. Opsomming Ten einde die mate van ooreenstemming of die verskil in persepsies van ondergeskiktes en toesighouers ten opsigte van die administratiewe- en ontwikkelingsdimensies van prestasiebeoordeling te ondersoek is 'n onderafdeling ("Satisfaction with the Performance and Developmental Appraisal") van die "Leadership Analysis Questionnaire" (LAQ) (Mount, 1983) aan 92 bestuurders, 142 suksesvolle ondergeskiktes en 67 onsuksesvolle ondergeskiktes geadministreer. Dit blyk uit die ondersoek dat daar geen beduidende verskille tussen die persepsies van suksesvole en onsuksesvolle ondergeskiktes, en tussen ondergeskiktes en bestuurders ten opsigte van die administratiewe- en ontwikkelingsdimensies van prestasiebeoordeling bestaan nie.
Identifying criteria of consumer awareness: A pilot study
Authors: Rousseau Deon
Published: August 2012

This article describes the development of a theoretical model from which certain criteria of consumer awareness were identified and tested in an empirical study involving a cross-cultural sample of 436 consumers. Results revealed five criteria of consumer awareness viz bargain hunting, general consumer knowledge, product knowledge, information search and price consciousness. These criteria differed across socio-economic race groups in terms of their importance. The implications of the findings for furthering the consumer movement in South Africa and follow-up research in the field are also discussed. Opsomming Hierdie artikel beskryf die ontwikkeling van 'n teoretiese model waaruit sekere kriteria van verbmikersbewustheid geidentifiseer en getoets is in 'n empiriese studie op 'n tussen-kulturele steekproef van 436 verbruikers. Die bevindinge toon vyf kriteria van verbruikersbewustheid nl. winskopie- jagter, algemene verbruikerskennis, produkkennis, inligtinginwinning en prysbewustheid. Hierdie kriteria het verskil tussen sosio-ekonomiese rassegroepe ten opsigte van belangrikheid. Implikasies van die bevindinge vir die bevordering van die verbruikersbeweging in Suid-Afrika en voortgesette navorsing in die veld word ook bespreek.
Identifikasie van homogene leerstylklasse met behulp van die leerstylvraelys van honey en mumford (1982)
Authors: Van Schalkwyk A. L. , Schepers J. M.
Published: August 2012

The identification of homogeneous classes of learning styles with the aid of the Learning Style Questionnaire of Honey and Mumford (1982). The aim of the present study was to determine whether individuals can be classified into natural classes according to the four learning style dimensions of the Learning Style Questionnaire (LSQ) of Honey and Mumford (1982), viz. activist, reflector, theorist and pragmatist. The sample comprises 549 male and 258 female subjects. A cluster analysis was performed. After careful consideration of the sets of clusters, six clusters were selected as optimal. Opsomming Die doel van die studie was om vas te stel of persone in homogene klasse ingedeel kan word aan die hand van die vier leerstyle van die Leerstylvraelys van Honey en Mumford (1982), te wete aktivis, pragmatis, reflekteerder en teoretikus. Die steekproef bestaan uit 549 mans- en 258 damestudente. Ten einde vas te stel of die steekproef studente in natuurlike klasse ingedeel kan word-aan die hand van die vier leerstyle van die LSQ, is 'n bondelontleding gedoen. Na deeglike oorweging van die stelle bondels is besluit om ses bondels as die optimum te kies.
Worker's perceptions of time, time-use-attitudes and productivity
Authors: Ben-Baruch E. , Myburgh C. P. H. , Anderssen E. C.
Published: August 2012

Decreasing productivity and increasing wage demands are singled out as being crucial problems facing the economy of South Africa. Changes in the time perceptions and time-use-attitudes of workers could play a decisive role in increasing productivity. The relationships between time perception, needs, motivation and productivity are analysed. Culture, tradition, economy, and environment lend a specific significance to these variables. Workers in a technological society should be guided to adapt to and live by the value system needed to uphold productivity. Opsomming Voortdurende afnemende produktiwiteit teenoor looneise wat styg, is een van die kritieke probleme waarmee die Suid-Afrikaanse ekonomie gekonfronteer word. Die verandering van werkers se tydpersepsie en verandering van houdinge teenoor die benutting van tyd kan deurslaggewend in die verhoging van produktiwiteit wees. In die lig hiervan is die verwantskap tussen tydpersepsie, behoeftes, motivering en prodrktiwiteit ondersoek. In die ontleding word aandag geskenk aan die invloed wat kultuur, tradisie, ekonomie en die omgewing op hierdie veranderlikes het. Opieiding in 'n tegnologiese samelewmg behoort daarop gerig te wees om 'n waardesisteem by werkers te laat ontwikkel wat produktiwiteit kan bevorder.
n Vergelykende ondersoek na die werksmotivering van blanke en swart vakmanne in 'n chemiese bedryf
Authors: Barnard A. L. , Venter G. C.
Published: August 2012

The work motivation of black and white artisans in a chemical industry. The objective of this study was to determine the extent to which white and black artisans in a chemical industry consider their working environment satisfactory and thus motivating. The results showed no suggestions of an optimally motivating work environment. Black artisans showed a more balanced preference pertaining to extrinsic/intrinsic motivating factors. In contrast, white artisans placed more emphasis on extrinsic motivating factors. The two groups, however, did not differ substantially in their motivational patterns.Opsomming Die doel met hierdie ondersoek was om met behulp van Lawler en Porter se verwagtingsmodel, vas te stel in watter mate blanke en swart vakmanne, in 'n chemiese nywerheid, hul werksomgewing as toereikend motiverend van aard beskou. Die resultate dui aan dat daar vir beide groepe nie sprake is van 'n optimaal motiverende werksomgewing nie. Terwyl blanke vakmanne ekstrinsieke faktore meer beklemtoon het, het swart vakmanne beter gebalanseerde voorkeure met betrekking tot ekstrinsieke/intrinsieke faktore getoon. Die motiveringspatrone van die twee groepe het egter nie wesenlik van mekaar verskil nie.
Consumer Behavior
Authors: Crous Freddie
Published: August 2012

Met hierdie boek is 'n wesenlike behoefte aan 'n perspektief op die verbruiker binne die unieke Suid-Afrikaanse konteks aangespreek.
The experience of work circumstances and stress; a profile of flight engineers in a labour dispute
Authors: Visser Delene , Van Staden F.
Published: August 2012

Items from standardized tests as well as structured and semi-structured questionnaires were used to compile a profile of flight engineers involved in a labour dispute. Pertinent views of spouses were also measured. The subjects were found to be committed to their careers and identified with the goals of the company. However, the possibility of redundance was related to distrust in management, depression, anxiety, psychosomatic stress symptoms, lowered experience of general well-being, strained family life and impaired relations with their spouses. The findings provoke concern about the possible effects on in-flight safety and organizational effectiveness. Opsomming Items uit gestandaardiseerde toetse sowel as gestruktureerde en semi-gestruktureerde vraelyste is gebruik om 'n profiel van vlugingenieurs betrokke by 'n arbeidsdispuut saam te stel. Relevante sienings van eggenotes is ook gemeet. Daar is bevind dat die respondente toegewyd is aan hulle beroep en met die doelstellings van die organisasie identifiseer. Die moontlike uitfasering van hulle beroep was egter verbind aan wantroue in die bestuur, depressie, angs, psigo-somatiese stressimptome, verlaagde ervaring van algemene weslyn, gestremde gesinslewe en verswakte verhoudings met eggenotes. Die bevindings wek besorgdheid oor die moontlike gevolge vir aanboord veiligheid en organisatoriese effektiwiteit.
Die meting van intrapersoonlike prosesse as determinant van leergereedheid by volwassenes in die werksituasie
Authors: Van Zyl K. , Lessing B. C.
Published: August 2012

The measurement of intra-personal processes as determinant of adult learning readiness in the workplace. Where wellknown writers such as Knowles and Cross have identified learning readiness as an important characteristic in adult learning, they have neglected to define, describe, operationalize or measure the construct adequately. In a comprehensive study the authors have managed however to identify the determinants of adult learning readiness from the theory available, namely: intra-personal processes, life cycle changes and inter-personal processes. In this article, the processes inherent to the adult learner have been analyzed, described and transformed into usable measurement scales. This contributes significantly in bridging the present gap in andragogical literature. Opsomming Waar vooraanstaande skrywers soos Knowles en Cross leergereedheid as 'n belangrike eienskap in die bestudering van die volwasse leerder gei'dentifiseer het, het hulle nagelaat om die konstruk behoorlik te omiyn, te beskryf, te operasionaliseer of te meet. In 'n omvattende studie is daarin geslaag om drie determinante vir volwassene leerge- reedheid uit die teorie te identifiseer, naamlik: intrapersoonlike prosesse, lewensoorgange en interpersoonlike prosesse. In die artikel word veral die prosesse inherent aan die volwasse leerder ontleed, beskryf en tot bruikbare metingskale omskep. Daarmee word belangrike vordering gemaak om 'n leemte in die andragogiese literatuur te vul.
The implications of extreme response style (ERS) for cross-cultural and comparative research
Authors: Watkins M. L.
Published: August 2012

Cross-cultural research in which fivepoint, Likert-type and semantic-differential scales are utilized, is a popular research practice. Extreme response style (ERS) may contaminate the validity of research results, however this possibility is often ignored in behavioural science research. In this study, the influence of biographical variables on extreme response style and the contaminating effect thereof on the validity of research results is investigated. The results of the study reveal that culture separately, and interaction with age and gender has a meaningful influence on ERS when five-point scales are utilized. The underlying causes of the phenomenon can however not exclusively be ascribed to biographical variables. Opsomming Kruiskulturele navorsing waarin vyfpunt, Likerttipe- en semanties-differensiale skale benut word, is 'n bekende navorsingspraktyk. Ekstreme responsiestyl is egter daartoe in staat om die geldigheid van sondanige navorsingsresultate te kontamineer, maar hierdie moontlikheid word dikwels in die gedragswetenskaplike navorsingspraktyk geignoreer. In hierdie studie word ondersoek ingestel na die invloed van biografiese faktore op ekstreme responsiestyl en die kontaminerende effek daarvan op die geldigheid van navorsingsresultate. Daar is gevind dat kultuur in interaksie met ouderdom en geslag, ERS betekenisvol beinvloed wanneer vyfpuntskale gebruik word. Die onderliggende oorsake van die verskynsel kan egter nie uitsluitlik aan biografiese veranderlikes toegeskryf word nie.
Die modererende invloed van loopbaanontplooiing op loopbaanpassing en gehalte van werklewe
Authors: Schreuder A. M. G. , Flowers J.
Published: August 2012

The moderating influence of career progression on career fit and the quality of work life. The subject under investigation was the moderating influence of career progression on career fit and the quality of worklife of 258 employees at non- management and management level in various types of organisations [private, semistate and state]. A significant degree of fit was found among the management group, after which the differences in the quality of worklife between the fit and non-fit groups were tested. A significant difference [p
The achievement motive of managers: A facet analysis
Authors: Wheeler Jan J.
Published: August 2012

The achievement motive of midlevel managers was studied within the framework of the the theoretical facet model of Elizur for achievement motive by applying the Achievement Motive Questionnaire of Elizur on 118 midlevel managers. The results of the smallest space analysis technique indicated that the managers possessed a clear time perspective and that they could clearly differentiate between the challenge to confront themselves in the problem situation and to find a solution for the problem situation. The instrumental orientation of the managers took a central place, and it was also possible to distinguish clearly between the cognitive and affective behaviour orientation. Opsomming Die prestasiemotivering van middelvlakbestuurders is binne die raamwerk van die teoretiese fasetmodel van Elizur vir prestasiemotivering ondersoek deur die Prestasiemotiveringvraelys van Elizur op 118 middelvlakbestuurders toe te pas. Die resultate van die kleinste ruimtelike ontledingstegniek dui daarop dat die bestuurders 'n duidelike tydsperspektief besit en dat hulle duidelik kon onderskei tussen die uitdaging om hulle self in die probleemsituasie te konfronteer en om 'n oplossing vir die probleemsituasie te vind. Die bestuurders se instrumentele oriëntasie het sentraal gelê en daar kon ook tussen die kognitiewe en affektiewe oriëntasies duidelik onderskei word.