bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supplemental Figure 1 from Impact of Tumor-intrinsic Molecular Features on Survival and Acquired Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Resistance in ALK-positive NSCLC
Authors: Nakazawa Mari , Harada Guilherme , Ghanem Paola , Bubie Adrian , Kiedrowski Lesli A. , Murray Joseph C. , Marrone Kristen A. , Scott Susan C. , Houseknecht Stefanie , Falcon Christina J. , Evans Patrick , Feliciano Josephine , Hann Christine L. , Ettinger David S. , Smith Kellie N. , Anagnostou Valsamo , Forde Patrick M. , Brahmer Julie R. , Levy Benjamin , Drilon Alexander , Lam Vincent K.
Published: March 2024

CONSORT diagram depicting inclusion and exclusion criteria for clinical cohort
Jonas Friedenwald, Eugene Wolff, and the Two Books That Helped Bridge the Specialty Gap
Authors: Margo Curtis E.
Published: March 2024

Background: Eugene Wolff (1896–1954) and Jonas S. Friedenwald (1897–1955) were life-long students and educators of anatomic pathology and ophthalmology. Both contributed toward narrowing the gap between the two rapidly diverging specialties of pathology and ophthalmology. Friedenwald in 1929 and Wolff in 1934 each published textbooks of ophthalmic pathology that influenced medical education for decades to come. Summary: Friedenwald’s The Pathology of the Eye and Wolff’s A Pathology of the Eye introduced ophthalmologists in training and practice to anatomic pathology, while familiarizing pathologists with the nature of ocular disease. Both books appeared at the time when anatomic pathology was departing from its mostly academic roles in education and research to assume more active participation in clinical care by establishing diagnoses through biopsy. Key Messages: Wolff and Friedenwald dedicated their careers to teaching the art and science of anatomic pathology to clinical ophthalmologists. Their efforts helped anchor ophthalmology to the traditions of mainstream medicine.
Komunikasi Pemasaran untuk Usaha Kecil dan Menengah
Authors: Hapsari Raditha , Ayuni Risca Fitri , Hussein Ananda Sabil
Published: March 2024

Komunikasi Pemasaran merupakan salah satu mata kuliah wajib konsentrasi pemasaran pada beberapa program studi, seperti Program Studi Manajemen, kewirausahaan dan komunikasi. Untuk membantu mahasiswa dalam memahami materi perkuliahan, maka buku ini dilengkapi dengan rencana pembelajaran dan soal-soal latihan di setiap babnya. Semoga keberadaan buku ini dapat bermanfaat bagi mahasiswa maupun dosen pengajar mata kuliah Komunikasi Pemasaran, terutama dari segi komunikasi pemasaran untuk usaha kecil dan menengah.
VOKAPRENEURSHIP: Pendekatan Kewirausahaan Berbasis Pembelajaran Vokasi
Authors: Setyawan Erlangga , Mawardi Mukhammad Kholid , Susilowati S , Edityastono Lintang , Pratiwi Sausan Putri , Susenohaji S
Published: March 2024

Buku ini disusun untuk dapat menjadi panduan dalam mengajarkan kewirausahaan dalam Pendidikan Vokasi. Pada era disruptif ini, tantangan ketenagakerjaan yang dihadapi oleh Indonesia sebagai negara berkembang menjadi semakin kompleks. Keterbatasan peluang bekerja di sektor formal, pertambahan jumlah tenaga kerja yang berlebih, dan rendahnya keterampilan serta pengetahuan lulusan perguruan tinggi menjadi karakteristik yang mengakibatkan ketidakrelevanan kurikulum dan metode pembelajaran dengan kebutuhan dunia kerja. Ini adalah permasalahan yang memerlukan solusi inovatif agar Indonesia dapat mencapai posisinya sebagai negara besar dalam perekonomian global (Oberman, R et al, 2012). Pengembangan kewirausahaan telah menjadi konsep yang sangat relevan. Di satu sisi, pengembangan kewirausahaan menuntut pemahaman yang mendalam tentang dunia bisnis dan sektor usaha yang selalu berkembang. Di sisi lain, kewirausahaan juga memerlukan metode pembelajaran yang adaptif dan fleksibel, serta fasilitas pembelajaran yang dapat menghubungkan dunia akademis dengan dunia industri. Karakteristik tersebut sejalan dengan konsep Pendidikan Vokasi, yang menekankan pendekatan aplikatif dengan kurikulum yang relevan dengan kebutuhan industri, dan pembelajaran yang melibatkan praktisi dalam proses pembelajaran, yang dikenal dengan istilah Teaching Factory (TEFA).
Circadian Clock and Hypoxia
Authors: Sartor Francesca , Ferrero-Bordera Borja , Haspel Jeffrey , Sperandio Markus , Holloway Paul M. , Merrow Martha
Published: March 2024

The timing of life on Earth is remarkable: between individuals of the same species, a highly similar temporal pattern is observed, with shared periods of activity and inactivity each day. At the individual level, this means that over the course of a single day, a person alternates between two states. They are either upright, active, and communicative or they lie down in a state of (un)consciousness called sleep where even the characteristic of neuronal signals in the brain shows distinctive properties. The circadian clock governs both of these time stamps—activity and (apparent) inactivity—making them come and go consistently at the same approximate time each day. This behavior thus represents the meeting of two pervasive systems: the circadian clock and metabolism. In this article, we will describe what is known about how the circadian clock anticipates daily changes in oxygen usage, how circadian clock regulation may relate to normal physiology, and to hypoxia and ischemia that can result from pathologies such as myocardial infarction and stroke.
Plasma Metabolites and Life’s Simple 7 in REGARDS
Authors: Kijpaisalratana Naruchorn , Ament Zsuzsanna , Patki Amit , Bhave Varun M. , Jones Alana C. , Couch Catharine A. , Garcia Guarniz Ana-Lucia , Cushman Mary , Long D. Leann , Judd Suzanne E. , Irvin M. Ryan , Kimberly W. Taylor
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:

The American Heart Association’s Life’s Simple 7 (LS7) is a health metric that captures important factors associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health. Previous studies highlight the potential of plasma metabolites to serve as a marker for lifestyle and health behavior that could be a target for stroke prevention. The objectives of this study were to identify metabolites that were associated with LS7 and incident ischemic stroke and mediate the relationship between the two.

METHODS:

Targeted metabolomic profiling of 162 metabolites by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry was used to identify candidate metabolites in a stroke case–cohort nested within the REGARDS study (Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke). Weighted linear regression and weighted Cox proportional hazard models were used to identify metabolites that were associated with LS7 and incident ischemic stroke, respectively. Effect measures were based on a 1-SD change in metabolite level. Metabolite mediators were examined using inverse odds ratio weighting mediation analysis.

RESULTS:

The study comprised 1075 ischemic stroke cases and 968 participants in the random cohort sample. Three out of 162 metabolites were associated with the overall LS7 score including guanosine (β, −0.46 [95% CI, −0.65 to −0.27];
P
=2.87×10
−6
), cotinine (β, −0.49 [95% CI, −0.70 to −0.28];
P
=7.74×10
−6
), and acetylneuraminic acid (β, −0.59 [95% CI, −0.77 to −0.42];
P
=4.29×10
−11
). Guanosine (hazard ratio, 1.47 [95% CI, 1.31–1.65];
P
=6.97×10
−11
), cotinine (hazard ratio, 1.30 [95% CI, 1.16–1.44];
P
=2.09×10
−6
), and acetylneuraminic acid (hazard ratio, 1.29 [95% CI, 1.15–1.45];
P
=9.24×10
−6
) were associated with incident ischemic stroke. The mediation analysis identified guanosine (27% mediation, indirect effect;
P
=0.002), cotinine (30% mediation, indirect effect;
P
=0.004), and acetylneurminic acid (22% mediation, indirect effect;
P
=0.041) partially mediated the relationship between LS7 and ischemic stroke.

CONCLUSIONS:

We identified guanosine, cotinine, and acetylneuraminic acid that were associated with LS7, incident ischemic stroke, and mediated the relationship between LS7 and ischemic stroke.
Media Portrayals of Religion, Prayer Camps and Persons with Mental Illness in Ghana: A Discursive and Narrative Analysis
Authors: Benyah Francis Ethelbert Kwabena , Sjö Sofia
Published: March 2024

In Ghana, the situation of persons with mental illness is precarious. This is due, in part, to the inadequate resources for mental health care. Individuals and families whose relatives suffer from mental illness rely largely on faith-based resources. The media has sought to highlight aspects of the stigmatisation and rejection of the mentally ill. These reportages show the dilapidated conditions under which vulnerable persons are kept in religious institutions. They also highlight serious issues that need attention, but how exactly do they construct mental illness, religion, and Ghanaian society and do they challenge or uphold stigmatising notions about religion and the mentally ill? We use a discursive and narrative approach to unpack the depictions of three reportages and one official documentary about mental illness and religion in Ghana. We argue that stigmatisation prevails in the chosen videos, but the videos also do provide knowledge and understanding, however with varied focus on and insights into religious aspects of mental health care.
Natural enemies of Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green) (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae), with description of a new species of Leucopina Malloch (Diptera: Chamaemyiidae)
Authors: MONTES-RODRÍGUEZ JOSÉ MAURICIO , KONDO TAKUMASA , GAIMARI STEPHEN D.
Published: March 2024

The Pink Hibiscus Mealybug (PHM), Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green) (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae) is a quarantine pest in Colombia, however, there is little information on its distribution within the country and its natural enemies. Samples of PHM were collected in several locations in Colombia from different host-plant species and kept in breeding chambers to extract their predators and parasitoids. Two novel natural enemies of M. hirsutus were recorded, i.e., Allotropa cf. citri Muesebeck (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) and Leucopina nyiaybsa Gaimari & Montes, sp. n. (Diptera: Chamaemyiidae) described herein. Furthermore, information on the distribution range in Colombia of the parasitoids Anagyrus kamali Moursi and Gyranusoidea indica Shafee, Alam and Agarwal (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) is provided. A species of Pachyneuron (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) was found as a possible parasitoid or hyperparasitoid somewhere in this system. Currently, in Colombia, the PHM is not considered an agricultural pest and its damage is restricted to primary hosts such as Hibiscus spp., Malvaviscus arboreus (Malvaceae) and soursop Annona muricata (Annonaceae). Prochiloneurus dactylopii (Howard) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) was found as a possible hyperparasitoid. However, the number of recovered hyperparasitoids was low compared to the primary parasitoids that emerged in breeding chambers, which may explain why these species do not seem to interfere in the biological control of PHM. Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and Leucopina nyiaybsa Gaimari & Montes, sp. n. are considered important predators of PHM.
Nigropterix cummingi sp. n., an umenocoleid (Insecta: Dictyoptera) from mid-Cretaceous northern Myanmar amber
Authors: SENDI HEMEN
Published: March 2024

A new fossil umenocoleid from Burmese amber is described as Nigropterix cummingi sp. n. on the basis of a completely preserved adult female. The genus Nigropterix Sendi in Sendi et al. (2023) was previously only reported in Turonian sediments from Kzyl-Zhar in Kazakhstan. The herein described species differs from the latter in having parallel M, and R area with numerous cross-veins. Furthermore, the triangular shaped pronotum with unreduced paranotalia, and possibly the shortened ovipositor with punctures and minute setae are autapomorphic. The leathery texture consisting of irregular rows of bulges with small pits including setae on the forewings is very similar to Alienopterix Mlynský in Vršanský et al. (2018), Archaeospinapteryx Sendi et Cumming and Poikiloprosopon Sendi et Cumming both in Sendi et al. (2023). The fossil insect expands the temporal and geographic range of its genus and further exemplifies taxonomic and ecological dominance of Umenocoleidae in Burmese amber. The unique wide pronotum without reduced paranotalia (a strong plesiomorphy) also exemplifies disparity of forms among Umenocoleidea.
Evaluating the Performance of Potato Genotypes Across Diverse Climatic Conditions
Authors: Inayat Sana , Ullah Asad
Published: March 2024

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a globally important crop plant producing high yields of nutritionally valuable food in the form of tubers. Growing conditions across Pakistan are not uniform and it is important to dissect the genotype by environment interaction to identify the material suited to a particular environment. In this study, fifteen potato genotypes, namely FD49-28, FD3-10, FD1-8, SH-19, SH-90, SH-330, SH-80, SH-95, SH-216A, and SH-103, along with standard varieties SH-5, Cardinal, and Diamant, were evaluated for their adaptability across four different locations in Pakistan during the autumn season of 2019-20 and typical agronomic practices were performed and a number of parameters including tuber yield were assessed. Results for tuber grades indicated that the genotypes FD3-10, SH-5, and SH-216A demonstrated better performance. Furthermore, the genotypes FD8-1 and FD1-10 showed a higher level of tolerance to tuber diseases, indicating their potential for disease resistance in potato cultivation. Regarding tuber yield, SH-216A and FD49-28 were the top-performing genotypes, achieving significantly higher yields of 27 t/ha and 26.2 t/ha, respectively, when compared to the other varieties, including the standard ones. The material evaluated and information provided can be used to improve production methods for the industry.
Analysing Health Professionals' Adherence to National Guidelines and Comparing Diabetes Care in Specialized Care Centres and Hospitals
Authors: Alhussain Haitham , Priyatha Vemparala , Bashir Musa Bin , Ijaz Saba , Farooq Umar , Tilahun Wondimagegn Tibebu , Azale Abrham Warkineh , Melese Endalkachew Belayneh , Woldehana Nathnael Abera , Abebe Ruth Betremariam , Tebeje Helina Endazezew
Published: March 2024

The socioeconomic impact of diabetes treatment includes significant costs for diagnosis, treatments, hospitalizations, and associated social challenges. According to the International diabetic federation (IDF) guidelines, effective management entails a holistic strategy including nutritious diet, avoiding carbonated beverages, quitting smoking, and routine exercising. Targeted weight loss is critical, comprising antidiabetic medications, a specific food plan, and lifestyle changes to attain a 7-8% glycated hemoglobin level. Proper medicine and footwear use reduces ulcer risks and further complications. The IDF emphasizes detailed treatment plans and sequential screenings. Diabetes management is obligatory, focusing glycaemic control, lifestyle changes, and risk assessment. A study examines treatment programs, medical behaviour, and factors impacting diabetic care reception. This study examined diabetes mellitus treatment in medical facilities by conducting health information reviews in outpatient clinics with a sample size of 400 records. Java applets detected problems, indicating 95% confidence in therapy. Cross-sectional studies in Peshawar hospitals included 250 patients, whereas specialized diabetic treatment centers evaluated 150 patients. Documented care differed; public hospitals had lower foot inspection rates (16.4%) than specialized care (14%). Statistical analysis, such as the Chung test and binary logistic regression, was used to assess variable relationships. Smoking was common (86%), and 59.8% relied on oral anti-diabetic medications. Less than 30% follow up examinations were recorded in public hospitals which showed discrepancies in documentation. Diabetes management can be improved, particularly through better screening procedures. Discrepancies between provided and documented care underscore the need for higher documentation standards. Private clinics demonstrated comparatively better care, possibly influenced by consultation fees, facility availability, and a comfortable environment—attributes lacking in public hospitals in Pakistan.
New Graduate Nurses Transition: Role of Lack of Experience and Knowledge as Challenging Factors
Authors: Almaqbali Zainab , Alnassri Khalid
Published: March 2024

Background: Insufficient experience and practical knowledge makes challenges in addressing health-care practice-related issues. Being a professional nurse after completing your nursing studies is a challenging time. Most frequently, the quantity of patients with severe illnesses and co-morbidities, the lack of mentorship, performance anxiety, communication issues, and the blame/complaint culture are blamed for the difficulties faced by inexperienced nurses. The study aimed to identify the challenges and the associated factors which limit the knowledge acquisition of new nurse graduates in Oman. Methodology: Using a cross-sectional study design, 104 people were selected as a sample from Ibri Hospital. We have adopted convenience and snowball sampling methods to reach out to the participants. The data was collected between June, 2022, to September, 2022. Data from nurses was gathered by a primary survey approach utilizing a closed-ended questionnaire. The statistical analysis was carried out using IBM SPSS (Statistical Tool for Social Sciences) version 20.0. Results: Nursing professionals face a number of obstacles, including role expectations, lack of confidence, workload, fear, and orientation concerns. In addition, variables including the physical environment, responsibility, support, and professional development contribute to their dissatisfaction. It is rare for newly graduated nurses to be assigned to cases where they lack the confidence to handle clinical cases. The study also found positive relationship between preceptor support and leadership/communication, organizing and prioritizing, professional satisfaction, and work satisfaction. Conclusion: The study came to the conclusion that the main problem facing nurses in the healthcare setting is transition. During their transitional time, newly graduated nurses face a variety of obstacles related to job expectations, confidence, workload, orientation, and concerns. To overcome these obstacles, nursing administrators and preceptors must come up with and apply important solutions. As a result, the current study suggests that transitional support initiatives are helpful in assisting recently graduated nurses. Also, hospital orientation programs are necessary to adapt to the changing demands of new nurses in a constantly evolving healthcare setting.
Statistical Analysis of Regional Heterogeneity of Marital Dissolution Among Women in Ethiopia, EDHS 2016: Application of Multilevel Logistic Regression Model
Authors: Teshome Abdisa , Abdisa Jaleta
Published: March 2024

Divorce is a major life stressor for the individuals involved, with potentially strong negative consequences for the mental and physical health of all members of the family. The aim of this study was to investigate the existence of regional heterogeneity marital dissolution among women in Ethiopia. The study used data from the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey which was a stratified two stage cluster sampling procedure was used. The researcher has been used (n=11405) of all married women from the selected population of study nested within nine regional states and two administrative cities in Ethiopia at time of interview. The Multilevel model were used to explore the major risk factors and regional variations of marital dissolution in Ethiopia using R statistical software. The descriptive result revealed that among eligible married women the proportion of marital dissolution was 9.91%. Among the three multilevel logistic models the random slope model found to be the best description of the data set and to evaluate the within and between regional heterogeneity of marital dissolution. Using this model variables that significantly affect the marital dissolution in Ethiopia were residence, education level of women, work status of women, duration of marriage, number of children, education level of husband and number of unions. The effects of the determinant variables are the same for each region, but the number of children and education level of husband were the two variables which varies within and between in each region. The other important result from this paper is that missing data analysis using appropriate imputation technique was performed to make better inferences.
Subsurface Characterization Using Downhole Refraction Survey: A Case Study of the Niger Delta
Authors: Onwubuariri Chukwuebuka Nnamdi , Anakwuba Emmanuel Kenechukwu , Agoha Chidiebere Charles , Egwuonwu Emmanuel , Ugochukwu Joseph , Osaki Lawson-Jack , Mgbeojedo Tochukwu Innocent
Published: March 2024

This study addresses the critical role of downhole refraction as a method for assessing subsurface characteristics, particularly in areas facing challenges such as ground roll issues and weak reflection signals during seismic data acquisition. Focused on the Agudama, Kenfa, and Yenegwe settlements in the Niger Delta region, where frequent engineering structure collapses occur, the research aims to understand the depth and velocity of unconsolidated zones through downhole refraction. The study emphasizes the limitations of relying solely on uphole refraction and highlights the necessity of downhole methods for accurate velocity determination. The research employs various techniques, including borehole drilling, velocity measurements, and seismic pulse generation. The study's primary objectives include investigating the causes of engineering structure failures, proposing geophysical solutions, and contributing valuable insights into the geological context of the Niger Delta region. The fieldwork involved a comprehensive approach, combining reconnaissance surveys, downhole refraction studies, and the use of specialized equipment such as a Geometrics Stratavisor NZXP seismograph and explosives for seismic sources. The results of the downhole refraction survey reveal a double-layer velocity model in the research areas, indicating variations in weathered or unconsolidated layer thickness and velocities. The study establishes a relationship between elevation, weathered layer thickness, and velocities in both weathered and consolidated layers, offering valuable information for engineering considerations. The research concludes that the downhole refraction method is crucial for evaluating weathered strata properties and provides cost-effective subsurface information. The study recommends drilling below the weathered zone for seismic energy source placement, excavation depths for stable structures, and future investigations focusing on closely spaced data points and additional soil properties. These recommendations aim to enhance the safety and durability of structures in the study area, contributing to the understanding and mitigation of engineering structure failures in the Niger Delta region.
Ideas of Statecraft in Philip Sidney’s The Defense of Poesy
Authors: Wenjia Zhu
Published: March 2024

Philip Sidney was a famous courtier, soldier, poet and patron in Elizabethan England. As the best work of literary criticism in the English Renaissance, Sidney’s The Defense of Poesy not only contains rich poetic, philosophical and aesthetic values, but also permeates with comments and suggestions on current politics, implying advanced ideas of statecraft. Studying The Defense of Poesy in the context of social, political and cultural anxiety in England in the late 1570s and early 1580s, this article attempts to reveal Sidney’s creative motive and governing ideology. The adherence to ethical values shows his belief in “building the state with political virtue”; the praise of the heroic epic reveals the determination to “protect the state with military force”; the prospect of national poetics presents the vision of “strengthening the state with national culture”. Sidney reinterpreted the function of poetry and the responsibility of poets at the time of national crisis. Discussing politics in the name of poetry, Sidney expressed his efforts to create a political poetics aiming to serve the state, and demonstrated the beautiful political vision of building a “golden world” of heroic, solidary, independent, and united England. Throughout his life, Sidney turned the ideas of statecraft into an act of serving the country. After his early death in battle, he was hailed as the cultural icon and national hero of England.
Effect of Deficit Irrigation and Mulch on Field and Water Productivity of Tomato Under Drip Irrigation at Ambo Agricultural Research Center, West Shewa, Ethiopia
Authors: Frrisa Oli , Bekele Selamawit
Published: March 2024

Ethiopia produces far fewer tomatoes than the world average due to poor management techniques. It was found that the soil moisture and agroclimatic conditions affected how tomatoes reacted to water management during irrigation. In order to assess the impacts of irrigation level and mulch types on the yield, yield components, water productivity, and economic return of drip irrigated tomato production, a field experiment was carried out at the Ambo Agricultural Research Center Farm Site in 2021–2023. The experiment was a two-factor factorial experiment arranged in a randomized complete block design. The two factors were the four irrigation levels (55%ETc, 85%Etc, 70%ETc and 100%ETc) and three mulch types (no mulch, wheat straw mulch, and white plastic mulch). The two-year data on fruit yield, yield components, and water productivity were subjected to analysis of variance using SAS 9.4 software with a significance level (p≤ 0.05). least significant difference test was applied for statistically significant parameters to compare means among the treatments. The best soil moisture depletion levels, as determined by statistical analysis, are 100% ETc, 85% ETc, and 70% ETc, with marketable fruit yields of 56,405 kg/ha, 45,331 kg/ha, and 41,769 kg/ha, respectively. As for mulch types, the best practices are wheat straw mulch and white plastic mulch, with marketable fruit yields of 45,721 kg/ha and 44,514 kg/ha, respectively, for the study area. However, the results of the partial budget analysis results showed that, with net incomes for onion production in the research region of 1,350,930 ETB/ha and 1,367,071 ETB/ha, respectively, 85% ETc and wheat straw mulch are the economically optimal methods.
Influence of Bioactives on the Germination of Different Varieties of Phaseolus vulgaris L.
Authors: Zayas Delvis Valdés , Toledo Yuniel García , González Elizabet del Carmen Pérez , Iznaga Clarisabel Gómez , Rueda Osvaldo Andrés Tardío
Published: March 2024

The present investigation was carried out in areas of the farm of an individual producer from the Cumanayagua Municipality, Province of Cienfuegos, Cuba, with an average annual temperature that ranges between 28 and 30 celsius, with an average annual rainfall of 700 mm, a brown soil with carbonate. With the objective of determining the influence of some bioactives on the germination process of specific varieties of Phaseolus vulgaris L., in order to contribute to improving the integrated management carried out in this crop. It was found that the extracts of garlic, tabaquina and Neem, in doses of 50 and 100%, respectively, cause an inhibitory effect on the germination of the seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris L,, both on the Variety Cuba Cueto 25-9N and on the Variety Velazco Also as another result, it was obtained that the varieties of Phaseolus vulgaris L., Cuba Cueto 25-9 N and Velazco Largo show a similar behavior, in relation to the contrast between the extracts and their doses between them, without showing significant differences between the extracts values of their means; however, there are significant differences between the mean values of the extracts and their doses compared to their controls.
The Role of University Academic Innovations in Agriculture and ICT to the Country’s Economic Transformation (A Case of Kapasa Makasa University)
Authors: Chimanga Kashale , Chaamwe Nchimunya
Published: March 2024

In the recent past, Zambia has seen an increase in the number of institutions of higher learning and Kapasa Makasa University is one such Institution. Kapasa Makasa University (KMU) being the only public university in Muchinga province has put research and innovation at the helm of its daily academic activities. As a result the institution has between 2019 and 2021 developed a number of innovations, which if fully exploited by the government and private sector can have the potential to contribute significantly to the economic transformation of the country. In trying to actualize the implementation of these innovations, Management engaged various stakeholders in the industry to determine whether or not they can help to commercialize these innovations. As its motto state “Learn to Innovate”, KMU has put so much emphasis on innovations in the areas of ICTs and Agriculture which if well enhanced can help to contribute significantly to the economic transformation of the nation. Against this background the current study seek to investigate the role of university academic innovations in to the country’s economic transformation. To this effect a descriptive survey was conducted on the university population involving members of academic staff and students to determine the evolving role of university academic innovations on the country’s economic transformation. The results established that lack of deliberate academic policies aimed at commercializing innovations, inadequate stakeholder’s engagement (government and private sector), and lack of proper communication of innovation successes across internal and external audiences as well as limited financial resources are the main factors that hinder the innovations in universities from contributing to the country’s economic transformation. Based on the findings the study recommends that there is need to create strong partnership between the university, government and the industry in order to further develop and commercialize the innovations in university. In addition, the university authorities need to create academic policies that are aimed at commercializing innovations as well as deriving a proper and well-coordinated mechanisms to communicate the innovations to both internal and external audiences. Finally the study also concludes that university management need to adequately fund innovations in the institutions if they are to make a positive impact to the economic transformation of the country.
A Qualitative Study on the Perception of Atopic Dermatitis by Malagasy Young Patients Regarding Self-Management
Authors: Razanakoto Naina Harinjara , Sendrasoa Fandresena Arilala , Razafimaharo Tsiory Iarintsoa , Rakotoarisaona Mendrika Fifaliana , Andriatahina Herin’Ny Fitiavana Princia , Rasolofonarivo Tiana Sylvia , Rakotonandrasana Fenohasina , Ramily Leophonte Samison , Armando Rakotomanana Mbolatiana Kiady , Ralimalala Voahanginirina Nathalie , Ratovonjanahary Volatantely Tobiniaina , Sata Moril , Raharolahy Onivola , Andrianarison Malalaniaina , Ranaivo Irina Mamisoa , Ramarozatovo Lala Soavina , Rapelanoro Fahafahantsoa Rabenja
Published: March 2024

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic disease that usually begins in childhood and can persist at any age. It is essential for adolescents entering to adulthood to have a complete understanding of this disease, including its self-management responsibilities. This study aimed to explore Malagasy adolescents and young adults’ perceptions of atopic dermatitis regarding the concept of self-management. This is a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews with adolescent and young adult patients suffering from AD, who were followed up at the Dermatology Department of the University Hospital Joseph Raseta Befelatanana, Antananarivo, Madagascar. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using NVivo software version 10.2.2 (QSR International, Doncaster, Australia). Five male and seven female patients with mild to severe AD were included according to the Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM). The mean age was 19.83 years and the mean interview duration was 21.3 minutes. Despite a relatively long duration of AD, the nature of this condition, and the principles and goals of treatment are still poorly understood among young people. Consequently, many still hope for a complete cure for their AD. Our patients adhered to treatment and did not fear topical corticosteroids. This study highlights the importance of providing information about atopic dermatitis during childhood, and emphasizes the need to recommunicate this information directly to these patients during adolescence, aiming for an optimal transition process regarding disease self-management.
Understanding the Mechanism of Conducting Benchmark Test for the Infrastructure of Physical Education Curricula in the Age of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Kadhim Mayasa Abd Ali , Mashi Anwar Abd Alkader , Al-Diwan Lamia Hassan , Ghazi Mohammed Asim
Published: March 2024

The study aims to propose a vision for creating a standardized test according to the development of physical education curricula in the era of artificial intelligence, so that we can be able to measure student achievement and master the new curriculum standards. Based on the results, the following can be concluded: directing the teaching and learning process, and determining levels. For students, students’ teaching performance, students’ level of understanding and knowledge, application and achievement of lesson objectives in physical education. There is a strong correlation between most of the skills, knowledge, and behaviors that were measured in the study. This suggests that these skills, knowledge, and behaviors are related to each other, and that students who are high in one are more likely to have a high level in the other skills, knowledge, and behaviors. This is due to the fact that the students who participated in the study had a good level of performance in all the criteria that were measured. Based on the results, the following recommendations can be made: Focus on developing teaching skills and interaction with students, as they are closely related to the level of understanding and knowledge of students. Focus on developing knowledge and understanding of mathematical concepts, mathematical skills, and sporting values and behaviors’, as these skills and knowledge are closely linked to the application and achievement of lesson objectives in physical education.
A Linguistic Study of Women’s Hairstyle Names
Authors: Pius Agnes , Tibategeza Eustard Rutalemwa , Ligembe Nestory Nyamwala
Published: March 2024

The main focus of the study was to investigate on women’s hairstyle names in Kinondoni Municipal Council, which is found in Dar es Salaam region, Tanzania. This paper focuses on two specific objectives, namely to identify women’s hairstyle names and to find out the structural patterns of women’s hairstyle names. The study is a qualitative study guided by onomastic theory of naming and morpheme-based theory. The study employed descriptive research designs. Semi-structured interview and observation methods were used to collect data, where 16 respondents who were obtained through snowball and convenience sampling techniques. The findings reveal that, women’s hairstyles have meanings which are either denotative or connotative or both. They are derived from different sources such as insects, number, appearance, parts of human body, animal body parts, flora, insecticides, land forms, social events and names of famous people. Therefore, women’s hairstyle names in Kinondoni are deliberately created, not accidentally constructed. Moreover, women’s hairstyle names in Kinondoni Municipality possess morphological and syntactic patterns. Under morphological structure, women’s hairstyle names are in free morphemes, affixation, compounding and reduplication. Syntactically, women’s hairstyle names have noun phrases and sentential structures. In relation to the data from the field, the paper concludes that there is no rigidity on women’s hairstyle names compared to other kinds of names such as personal names. This is because women’s hairstyle names are replaced or used interchangeably with other hairstyle names which mean the same.
Reasoned Economic Innovations for General Equilibrium Competition
Authors: Lordkipanidze Revaz
Published: March 2024

When some win, others lose, and this is a natural competitive process in an equilibrium economy. With objective competition of general equilibrium, maximum efficiency and optimal use and redistribution of resources are achieved. But some hidden external and internal monopolies interfere with such equilibrium in the microeconomic markets sectors, including entire regions and industries. Accordingly, equilibrium competition is disrupted, which requires adequate unexpected innovative protective mechanisms of the state and the international community. If government economic departments or corporate management watch all criminal activity of hidden monopolies with their hands folded in pockets, a temporary disruption of effective equilibrium competition could lead to protracted stagnation and “thrombotic shocks” in local and international markets. For an example of applying the above in practice, when predatory monopolies import agricultural products at artificially low dumping prices, which ruins even very successful local businessmen, it is necessary to establish import-substituting free zones with a reasonably calculated minimum tax to stimulate exports. In objects to recommend innovative economic (fiscal-managerial) mechanisms for maintaining effective equilibrium competition, in the article, using the methods of grouping and summarizing statistical data, a preliminary assessment of countries in need of international and government support was carried out and results were obtained to improve the proportions in the core of market competition and for ease the burden of reasoned free zonal taxation.
Optimizing Kraft Pulping Conditions to Improve Nettle Plant Pulp Quality
Authors: Tekleyohanis Tsiye , Woldeyes Belay
Published: March 2024

The suitability of nettle plants for the production of pulp and paper was thoroughly examined, with special consideration given to the plant’s chemical compositions, morphological analysis, and kraft pulping qualities. The mean values of cell wall thickness, fiber length, lumen width, runkel ratio, and nettle plant diameter were found to be 7.4 μm, 55 mm, 4.9 μm, 2.4 and 16.9 μm, respectively. Although nettle plant fibers have a stronger cell wall, their physical properties are comparable to another biomass. The chemical composition investigation found that the contents of nettle plants were 64.8 weight percent holocellulose, 38.7 weight percent alpha-cellulose, 16.8 weight percent lignin, and 5.8 weight percent ash. Additionally, 8.4 weight percent were discovered in the 1% alkaline extractives of nettle leaves. The kraft pulping process of nettle plants needed a low chemical charge and lower boiling time when compared to a number of other non-wood raw materials utilized in the papermaking process. Despite these circumstances, kraft-pulped nettle plants yielded a high-yield bleachable grade pulp. Kraft pulp produced from bleached nettle plants had strength properties that were comparable to those of other biomass for pulp and papermaking materials. Overall, this present research show that nettle plants, which have morphological and chemical characteristics comparable to those of traditional papermaking materials, have a bright future as a source of pulp and paper.
Phytochemical Screening and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Bioactive Compounds Present in Stem Bark of Picralima nitida (stapf)
Authors: Onwuegbuchulam Chibuzo Henry , Peter Dabesor Anani , Moses Olorunyolemi Imoleayo
Published: March 2024

Over the years, traditional societies and ethnic nationalities have engaged plants with medicinal properties for the treatment of a range of diseases without any scientific knowledge of it inherent bioactive compounds that are responsible for its medicinal and pharmacological potentials. The aim of this study is to screen for the presence of phytochemical constituents and to identify the bioactive compounds domicile in the stem bark of Picralima nitida by the use of Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry. The result of the quantitative investigation of the stem bark extract of P. nitida showed the presence of some phytochemical compounds such as saponins (3.22%), alkaloids (2.43%), flavonoids (6.05%) tannins (6.25%), oxalate (12.70%), phytate (2.87%), anthracene glycosides (2.14%) and cyanogenic glycosides (1.37%). Eleven (11) different bioactive compounds were recognized in the stem bark extract of P. nitida by Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry analysis. The percentage of major bioactive compounds were vitamin E (69.31%), Cis-Myrtanol (5.57%), Octadecanoic acid methyl ester (4.52%), 11-Octadecenoic acid methyl ester (4.42%), 9-Methyl-2-phenyl-9H-imidazo (1,2-a) benzimidazole (3.70%), Pentadecanoic acid 14-methyl- methylester (3.21%) and 7,9-Dimethyl-6H-Indolo (2,3-b) quinoxaline (3.11%). From these findings, it could be concluded that P. nitida stem bark is rich in various bioactive compounds which possess antioxidant, laxative and other diverse medicinal properties. Therefore, it can be recommended as a plant of phytomedicinal value.
Corporate Sustainability and Shareholders’ Wealth in the National Financial Sector
Authors: Osunsusi Akeem Kolawole , Adegbie Festus Folajimi , Anaekenwa Aguguom Theophilus
Published: March 2024

The desire of every shareholder is to see that shareholders’ wealth is given strategic central point attention far and above other priorities of the management. Prior studies have shown that meeting shareholders’ wealth expectations in Nigeria is complex and full of challenges considering the infrastructural deficits, security challenges and lack of corporate legitimacy capable of enhancing shareholders’ wealth in the country. In addition, effective sustainability performance has been advanced as capable of improving corporate performance and increasing shareholders’ wealth. In contributing to knowledge, this study looked at how corporate sustainability affected shareholders' wealth in Nigeria's national banking industry. Using an ex-post facto research design, the study employed secondary data extracted from selected financial institutions from banking institutions. A total of 15 financial institutions were chosen using a purposive sample technique during a 15-year period, from 2008 to 2022, from the population of 65 financial institutions listed in Nigeria. The certification by the external auditors served as the foundation for the data's dependability and authenticity. Inferential (multiple regression) analysis was employed using a pooled panel data analysis. The result showed that corporate sustainability exerted a significant effect on shareholders’ wealth (Adj. R2 = 0.7474, F-stat/Wald test (4, 220) = 18.30, p < 0.05). The study concluded that corporate sustainability had a positive and significant effect on shareholders’ wealth in the national financial sector in Nigeria. Consequent to the results, managers should ensure that effective corporate sustainability policies are instituted and practised in their companies.
Mechanisms and Benefits of Equine Therapy for Enhancing Mental Health
Authors: Anastasya Karina Shasri , Syamsuddin Indra Gazali , Faradilla Meutia Atika , Zefanya Meutia Atika , Larasari Andira , Satyasari Daniella , Yohana Daniella , Tungka Endrico Xavierees , Liman Patricia , Yuliana Patricia , Assegaf Ali Fathi , Surya Reza Ramadhan , Sapari Eris , Aminurrohman Afif , Imawan Ikhlas Arief
Published: March 2024

The problem addressed in this research is the increasing recognition of the complexity of mental disorders, and previous studies have indicated the positive potential of Equine Therapy in addressing various mental conditions. Neurobiological and hormonal changes associated with participation in equine therapy, providing a scientific basis for the clinically observed positive effects. On the other hand, as awareness of the complexity of mental disorders and the challenges in their treatment increases, attention to therapy involving interactions with animals, especially horses, is growing. The aim of this research is to deepen the understanding of the mechanisms and benefits of Equine Therapy as an innovative and effective therapy in enhancing individual mental well-being, by detailing previous research results to contribute further to our understanding. The research methodology used in this study is a literature review, involving a critical examination and review of knowledge, ideas, or findings in academically-oriented literature. The results of the study on Equine-Assisted Psychotherapy (EAP) have proven effective in addressing depression and anxiety in adolescents, as well as having the potential as a valuable addition to the treatment of PTSD in first responders and substance use disorders. Despite positive results in increasing self-confidence, social interaction, and well-being, limited public understanding poses a challenge to the recognition of this therapy. Further research is needed to strengthen empirical evidence and understand the positive impact of human-horse interaction in the context of animal-assisted therapy.
Comparisons of Different Digestion Methods for Heavy Metal Analysis from Fruits
Authors: Wale Kasahun
Published: March 2024

Fruit juices are produced in home or industrially from horticultural crops by pressing the liquid part. They are rich in sugar, vitamins, and minerals like iron, copper, potassium, folate minerals, and vitamins A, B, and C which are essential for giving the body the nutrients it needs to stay healthy since fruits contain vital mineral components like copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn), which is necessary for human growth and respiration. However, they may have heavy metals which may poison health risk and toxic even the presence is in little amount. Since fruit juices doesn’t pass through different processes, except extracting the liquid from the fruits of vegetables contamination and heavy metals affect human health. Before determination of heavy metals different procedures are applied for analysis. Digestion is the key component for determination of heavy metals from different samples. In this paper we are concerned on wet digestion methods for analysis. Closed system wet digestion is preferred since it lower the risk of contamination. There are different wet digestion types. Some of them are conventional wet digestion, ultraviolet digestion, ultrasound-assisted acid decomposition, conventional heating, microwave-assisted wet digestion etc. From thus, microwave digestion procedure was preferred for the digestion of samples for determination of heavy metals due to its ability to oxidize almost all of the organic samples.