bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
"If you catch my drift...": ability to infer implied meaning is distinct from vocabulary and grammar skills
Authors: Wilson Alexander C. , Bishop Dorothy V.M.
Published: April 2019

Background: Some individuals with autism find it challenging to use and understand language in conversation, despite having good abilities in core aspects of language such as grammar and vocabulary. This suggests that pragmatic skills (such as understanding implied meanings in conversation) are separable from core language skills. However, it has been surprisingly difficult to demonstrate this dissociation in the general population. We propose that this may be because prior studies have used tasks in which different aspects of language are confounded.

Methods: The present study used novel language tasks and factor analysis to test whether pragmatic language skills are separable from core language skills. 120 adult participants were recruited online to complete a 7-task battery, including a test assessing comprehension of conversational implicature.

Results: In confirmatory analysis of a preregistered model, we compared whether the data showed better fit to a two-factor structure (including a pragmatic conversation comprehension and core language factor) or a simpler one-factor structure (comprising a general language factor). The two-factor model showed significantly better fit.

Conclusions: This study supports the view that interpreting context-dependent conversational meaning is partially distinct from core language skill. This has implications for understanding the pragmatic language impairments reported in autism.
Pharmacologic Management of Malignant Bowel Obstruction: When Surgery Is Not an Option
Authors: Hsu Kevin , Prommer Eric , Murphy Mary C , Lankarani‐Fard Azadeh
Published: April 2019

Malignant bowel obstruction (MBO) complicates 3%‐15% of cancers and often necessitates inpatient admission. Hospitalists are increasingly involved in treating patients with MBO and coordinating their care across multiple subspecialties. Direct resolution of the obstruction via surgical or interventional means is always preferable. When such options are not possible, pharmacological treatments are the mainstay of therapy. Medications such as somatostatin analogs, steroids, H2‐blockers, and other modalities can be effective in palliation and possible resolution of obstruction. Awareness of these pharmacologic therapies can aid hospitalists in treating patients who are confronted with this devastating condition.
On the Geometry of Nash and Correlated Equilibria with Cumulative Prospect Theoretic Preferences
Authors: Phade Soham R. , Anantharam Venkat
Published: April 2019

It is known that the set of all correlated equilibria of an [Formula: see text]-player non-cooperative game is a convex polytope and includes all of the Nash equilibria. Furthermore, the Nash equilibria all lie on the boundary of this polytope. We study the geometry of both these equilibrium notions when the players have cumulative prospect theoretic (CPT) preferences. The set of CPT correlated equilibria includes all of the CPT Nash equilibria, but it need not be a convex polytope. We show that it can, in fact, be disconnected. However, all of the CPT Nash equilibria continue to lie on its boundary. We also characterize the sets of CPT correlated equilibria and CPT Nash equilibria for all [Formula: see text] games, with the sets of correlated and Nash equilibria in the classical sense being a special case.
Solving Large Batches of Linear Programs
Authors: Lee Ilbin , Curry Stewart , Serban Nicoleta
Published: April 2019

Solving a large batch of linear programs (LPs) with varying parameters is needed in stochastic programming and sensitivity analysis, among other modeling frameworks. Solving the LPs for all combinations of given parameter values, called the brute-force approach, can be computationally infeasible when the parameter space is high-dimensional and/or the underlying LP is computationally challenging. This paper introduces a computationally efficient approach for solving a large number of LPs that differ only in the right-hand side of the constraints ([Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text]). The computational approach builds on theoretical properties of the geometry of the space of critical regions, where a critical region is defined as the set of [Formula: see text]’s for which a basis is optimal. To formally support our computational approach we provide proofs of geometric properties of neighboring critical regions. We contribute to the existing theory of parametric programming by establishing additional results, providing deeper geometric understanding of critical regions. On the basis of the geometric properties of critical regions, we develop an algorithm that solves the LPs in batches by finding critical regions that contain multiple [Formula: see text]’s. Moreover, we suggest a data-driven version of our algorithm that uses the distribution (e.g., shape) of a sample of [Formula: see text]’s for which the LPs need to be solved. We empirically compared our approach and three other methods on various instances. The results show the efficiency of our approach in comparison with the other methods but also indicate some limitations of the algorithm.

The online supplement is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2018.0838 .
DESLOCAMENTOS NARRATIVOS EM UANHENGA XITU E MOISÉS MBAMBI:UM CONTRIBUTO À CULTURA, LÍNGUA, HISTÓRIA E LITERATURA ANGOLANA
Authors: Selombo Sakukuma Alexandre Lucas
Published: April 2019

Resumo A afirmação da literatura angolana foi resultado de um longo e complexo processo de emancipação. Com o propósito de estudar o diálogo transdisciplinar que Uanhenga Xitu em “Mestre Tamoda e outros contos” e Moisés Mbambi em “Cenas do Feitiço” estabelecem no referido processo debruçamo-nos sobre os Deslocamentos Narrativos em Uanhenga Xitu e Moisés Mbambi: um contributo à cultura, língua, história e literatura angolana.Por meio da análise crítica, bibliográfica e entrevista concluímos que ambos teceram aquelas obras deliberadamente, de e com, os fios que compõem o mosaico multilinguístico e multicultural de Angola e se alinham ao projeto de reforço da identidade nacional, por via literária.
INTELECTUAIS, LUTAS DE RESISTÊNCIA E LÍNGUAS EM ANGOLA
Authors: Tramontim de Oliveira Heloisa , Görski Severo Cristine
Published: April 2019

RESUMO: Este artigo trata do papel desempenhado pelos intelectuais nas lutas angolanas contra o colonialismo português, em defesa da independência de Angola, e na construção de um nacionalismo angolano, entre a segunda metade do século XIX e os anos 1970. Enfocamos, mais especificamente, o papel atribuído à língua portuguesa nessas lutas, uma vez que a formação intelectual dos angolanos ocorria através dessa língua lusitana. O texto apresenta um panorama histórico, enfocando a complexidade e pluralidade que caracterizou o papel dos intelectuais no processo de formação de Angola, a exemplo da existência de três partidos políticos de independência que se dividiram em torno de questões linguísticas e culturais sobre o que conta como angolanidade. Por fim, sinalizamos para as contradições e desafios que caracterizam o percurso de intelectuais na sua relação com a política.
AUGUSTUS ARCHER, ENTRE O PASSADO E O FUTURO DAS RELAÇÕES ENTRE O IMPÉRIO DO BRASIL E A ÁFRICA PORTUGUESA
Authors: Antonio Ferreira Frederico
Published: April 2019

O presente artigo busca investigar a trajetória do braso-americano Augustus Archer Silva, negociante com diversas áreas de atuação em Luanda e de como ele tornou-se vice-cônsul do Império do Brasil em Angola entre os anos de 1865 a 1877. Sua atuação no cargo foi marcada por conflitos e desencontros em torno do recolhimento de espólios de súditos brasileiros falecidos em Angola. Sua atuação ao mesmo tempo que trazia elementos típicos do período de vigência do tráfico transatlântico de escravos por outro prenunciava a postura da política externa brasileira para a África durante o Neocolonialismo.
ANGOLA (NÃO É) PARA PRINCIPIANTES: ESTEREÓTIPOS, INTERPELAÇÕES E APRENDIZADOS EM TRABALHO DE CAMPO
Authors: Muller Paulo Ricardo
Published: April 2019

Neste artigo reflito sobre interpelações por agentes estatais e outros atores pelas quais passei ao fazer trabalho de campo em Angola. Para além dos constrangimentos e inseguranças que geraram, analiso essas situações como fontes para a compreensão de estereótipos através dos quais atores reconhecem e são reconhecidos no cotidiano inseridos em interações pessoais que dramatizam o modo como se relacionam categorias constitutivas da sociedade angolana. Ao final busco mostrar como essas experiências geraram aprendizados a respeito dos modos de navegação social que meus interlocutores consideram naturais e das condições de produção de conhecimento antropológico sobre o contexto angolano.
Luanda, Moscou, Pretória e Washington: os discursos presidenciais em Angola sobre as relações internacionais e o conflito com a UNITA (1975-1991)
Authors: Oliveira de Araujo Kelly Cristina
Published: April 2019

Em Angola a internacionalização do último ano da guerra colonial e da primeira fase da guerra civil que se seguiu a esta, portanto desde 1975 até 1991, possibilitou que o Estado angolano, governado pelo MPLA tenha instituído que o inimigo do povo angolano não estava entre ele mesmo, mas sim nas chamadas forças imperialistas.O discurso da guerra contra o imperialismo e os seus agentes, possibilitou ocultar que havia uma fissura interna que questionava o poder instituído. Assim, o líder da UNITA, assim como o próprio movimento, não foi mencionado nominalmente no governo de Agostinho Neto (1975-1979), tendo sido negada, portanto, a sua importância. Da mesma forma, os discursos presidenciais do de seu sucessor, José Eduardo dos Santos (1979-atual), permitem entrever a construção do inimigo interno, a forma como se lida com ele oficialmente, e os desdobramentos dos conflitos que podem ter sido recrudescidos pela negação da sua existência.
VIAGEM A ANGOLA: DE QUANDO COMECEI “A FREQUENTAR O SUL”
Authors: Alves Pantoja Selma
Published: April 2019

Trata-se de uma apresentação, na primeira pessoa, das três viagens ao sudoeste de Angola e de como nasceu a ideia de um projeto de pesquisa, os momentos de reconhecimento do terreno, do nascimento e formação da equipe e a fase inicial da pesquisa. Seguido de reflexões sobre o local escolhido, as duas cidades de Lubango e Moçamedes, os antecedentes de outros projetos acadêmicos para a região e os objetos de estudos em destaques. Finalmente, são indicados os encaminhamentos até agora da pesquisa, com seus temas centrais e o que se espera para elaboração de futuros trabalhos.
O Perfil do Formador do Professor Primário e o Desafio do Programa Educar Angola 2030 – uma reflexão.
Authors: Black Carla , Luis Solange Maria
Published: April 2019

A presente nota de pesquisa pretende pontualizar sobre uma investigação corrente sobre o perfil do formador de professores primários no contexto da Huíla, Angola. O trabalho preliminar foi apresentado no 1º Congresso Internacional de Educação Primária do ISPI da Huíla. O estudo preliminar, permitiu-nos perceber que os desafios apresentados pelo Programa Educar Angola 2017-2030, que prevê a graduação de todo o corpo docente do Ensino Primário, até ao ano de 2027, estão condicionados pela oferta formativa das instituições a quem compete a formação dos professores primários. Nesse sentido, apresentamos possíveis soluções para este processo de transição pretendido por este Programa.
A COLECÇÃO ARQUEOLÓGICA DO ISCED-HUÍLA: UM PROJECTO DE INVESTIGAÇÃO
Authors: Santos Ferreira Soraia
Published: April 2019

A região Sul de Angola surge, na literatura de especialidade publicada em meados do século XX, como uma região por “descobrir” no que toca à arqueologia. Foi nas décadas de 50, 60 e 70 do século passado que as pesquisas arqueológicas se tornaram mais intensas revelando a existência de inúmeros sítios arqueológicos desde a Pré-História à Idade do Ferro, falando apenas dos períodos mais recuados da História. O espólio arqueológico que se encontra à guarda do ISCED-Huíla é o resultado de muitas dessas pesquisas. Por ser uma colecção bastante significativa do ponto de vista quantitativo, composta por milhares de peças, há a necessidade de se perceber a origem desse material, de agrupá-lo tendo em conta a sua proveniência, cronologia, função e tipologia. O trabalho que nos propusemos levar a cabo teve início em 2015 tendo, metodologicamente, que passará por diversas fases: (i) identificação de zonas de proveniência; (ii) lavagem e acondicionamento das peças; (iii) início do inventário e catalogação do espólio por zona de proveniência; (iv) estudo das várias colecções. A finalidade deste trabalho de pesquisa é, por um lado identificar zonas de proveniência com vista ao mapeamento de sítios arqueológicos perfeitamente identificados; a inventariação, catalogação e estudo de toda a colecção e, por outro, a criação de um Museu arqueológico associado ao ISCED-Huíla.De 2015 a 2018 o trabalho realizado foi meramente técnico e é a ele que dedicamos esta nota de pesquisa.
MRSA Screening in Ambulatory Upper Limb Trauma Day Cases
Authors: Edler Sophie , O'Neill Tomas , Itte Vinay , Arnold Suzanne , Bourke Grainne
Published: April 2019

Background/Aims

Approximately 3% of people in the UK are carriers for meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. In 2010, the Department of Health and Social Care instigated mandatory screening for surgical patients at significant cost and increased resource demand. An audit performed in a hand surgical unit at Leeds General infirmary showed a 0% rate of positive meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus preoperative screening swabs and meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus associated wound infections on a population of 500 consecutive trauma day cases in 2011. In light of this, routine screening for day case upper limb trauma day cases ceased from July 2012 in Leeds General Infirmary, with significant financial savings. The aims of this study were to re-examine the rates of postoperative meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus wound infections in a second population of hand surgical unit patients after 2 years without routine methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus screening.

Methods

A retrospective audit of 500 consecutive patients who attended the hand surgery unit for upper limb day case trauma surgery between 1 December 2013 and 30 June 2014 was undertaken. The pattern of injuries sustained, procedures performed, patient demographics and both the incidence and nature of postoperative surgical site infection was examined.

Results

Overall, 9% had preoperative meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus screening, 0% were positive for meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. There were no meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus positive postoperative surgical site infections.

Conclusions

Patients attending for ambulatory hand trauma surgery carry a low risk of being colonised with meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The financial saving is estimated to amount to approximately £42 500 per annum for the department – excluding personnel costs.
Educating patients in stoma care
Authors: Bird Andrew , Wilson Kate , Bertinara Ambra , Amos Lyndsey
Published: April 2019

Andrew Bird, Lead Stoma Care Nurse Specialist ( andrew.bird@nuh.nhs.uk ); Kate Wilson, Stoma Care Nurse Specialist; Ambra Bertinara, Stoma Care Nurse Specialist; Lyndsey Amos, Stoma Care Healthcare Assistant, all at Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, discuss education for new stoma patients
Is it time to embrace change?
Authors: COLLIER HELENA
Published: April 2019

The world is changing, and so is the field of medical aesthetics. The issue of lay people, with no medical training or experience, practising in medical aesthetics is a divisive issue, and one that is not going to be solved any time soon. In this article, Helena Collier considers whether embracing change is always a good thing, or whether we should stand up and fight for what we believe in
Building an ethical bridge to quality in aesthetics
Authors: WONDERGEM FIONA
Published: April 2019

As part of our Ethics in Aesthetics campaign, we asked for submissions on the topic of ethical practice in aesthetics. In this article, Fiona Wondergem suggests that a lack of clear guidance for nurses working in the aesthetic sector can lead to ambiguities regarding best practice, and explores the many factors that underpin ethical practice in aesthetics
Why are women afraid of vaginal rejuvenation?
Authors: STOREY MIKAILA
Published: April 2019

The menopause brings with it many physiological changes, some of which can have a negative impact on quality of life. One treatment option is vaginal rejuvenation therapy. However, a recent poll found that more than half of the women surveyed dismissed this treatment option due to concerns about pain, downtime and effectiveness. In this article, Mikaila Storey explores some of these concerns, and considers whether vaginal rejuvenation could be a suitable treatment option for some patients
ESTUDO DOS EFEITOS DA SAZONALIDADE CLIMÁTICA NA VEGETAÇÃO DO MUNICÍPIO DE BARREIRAS - BA
Authors: Borges Elane Fiúza , Lacerda Camila Souza dos Anjos
Published: April 2019

Este artigo apresenta um estudo sobre os efeitos da sazonalidade climática no comportamento espectral dos principais alvos do município de Barreiras-BA, sendo eles: vegetação de encostas e vales, vegetação de cerrado e agricultura. Foi analisada uma série histórica de 20 anos, na qual testes estatísticos foram aplicados a partir dos índices derivados das imagens de satélite dos anos de 1988, 1998 e 2008. Os testes estatísticos realizados para as classes temáticas selecionadas totalizam nove amostras, sendo que oito apresentaram médias do índice de vegetação diferentes do período seco em relação ao chuvoso, o que corresponde a 91%, e apenas uma amostra (classe de agricultura do ano de 1998) apresentou médias iguais, permitindo afirmar que apenas 9% não indicaram comportamento espectral no período chuvoso diferente do período seco. Tal resultado corrobora os efeitos da sazonalidade climática na área de estudo.
Justification, conversation, and folk psychology
Authors: Fernández Castro Víctor
Published: April 2019

The aim of this paper is to offer a version of the so-called conversational hypothesis of the ontogenetic connection between language and mindreading (Harris 1996, 2005; Van Cleave and Gauker 2010; Hughes et al. 2006). After arguing against a particular way of understanding the hypothesis (the communicative view), I will start from the justificatory view in philosophy of social cognition (Andrews 2012; Hutto 2004; Zawidzki 2013) to make the case for the idea that the primary function of belief and desire attributions is to justify and normalize deviant patterns of behaviour. Following this framework, I elaborate upon the idea that development of folk psychological skills requires the subjects to engage in conversationally mediated joint and cooperative activities in order to acquire the conceptual capacity of ascribing propositional attitudes. After presenting the general version of the hypothesis, I present several testable sub-hypotheses and some psychological studies that give empirical plausibility to the hypothesis.
Wiring optimization explanation in neuroscience:  What is special about it?
Authors: Barberis Sergio Daniel
Published: April 2019

This paper examines the explanatory distinctness of wiring optimization models in neuroscience. Wiring optimization models aim to represent the organizational features of neural and brain systems as optimal (or near-optimal) solutions to wiring optimization problems. My claim is that that wiring optimization models provide design explanations. In particular, they support ideal interventions on the decision variables of the relevant design problem and assess the impact of such interventions on the viability of the target system.
An argumentative approach on abduction and on the weighing of explanatory hypotheses
Authors: Olmos Paula
Published: April 2019

This paper makes use of the concepts and theoretical framework developed within the field of Argumentation Theory to account for the structure and characteristics of abduction and of the comparative processes of weighing explanatory hypothesis. It elaborates an analysis of abduction based on its consideration as a meta-explanatory argumentation scheme while elucidating its relations with abductive reasoning and inference. The conceptualization of comparative processes of weighing explanatory hypothesis as complex and varied argumentative structures is presented as an alternative to the idea of “inference to the best explanation”.
PARA SE DEFENDER DO ENSINO DE GEOGRAFIA
Authors: Batista Bruno Nunes
Published: April 2019

Proveniente de uma perspectiva ancorada no Pós-Estruturalismo, este artigo compartilha os efeitos de um projeto de trabalho que vem pensando a Geografia escolar a partir dos estudos foucaultianos. Desse modo, trabalha esse campo do conhecimento como uma prática feita de regras, normas e interdições, que constituem um sistema linguístico que nem todos são autorizados a adentrar. Por meio desse pressuposto, opera sua analítica indicando que 1º) o ensino de Geografia é resultado de uma formação discursiva, construída em meio a relações de poder e saber que estabelecem como e o que se deve dizer; 2º) que esse discurso, por sua vez, obedece ao neoliberalismo; 3º) que passou da hora do ensino de Geografia tornar-se, no sentido de Deleuze e Guattari, Máquina de Guerra, voltando-se contra a) o mau uso que fizeram dos seus enunciados, b) a autoria docente interditada, que tosa a criatividade artística do professor, c) as falas régias e as palavras-mestras, que tributam outros olhares e possibilidades de expressões alternativas no ensinar e no aprender.
DUKUNGAN SUAMI TERHADAP KEJADIAN DROP OUT BAGI AKSEPTOR KELUARGA BERENCANA (KB) DI DESA DAN KOTA DI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Mufdlilah Mufdlilah , Aryekti Kanthi
Published: April 2019

Family planning programs have a strategic, comprehensive and fundamental role in achieving a healthy and prosperous Indonesia. Efforts to deny pregnancy can be done by the use of contraceptives, but not all husbands agree to the use of contraceptives. What happens is drop outs of the acceptor. Women who are of productive and childbearing age, and the right to use contraceptives, as it is an important and necessary right. While it protects women’s health, contraceptives require the husband’s support to prevent dropouts and in selecting the proper contraceptive. Planned Parenthood service must be made through informed choice and consent of the couple, in order to avoid human rights violation, especially in the choice of contraceptives. The incidence of dropouts remains high for several reasons. This study was conducted to determine the role of husband support in incidents of dropouts in villages and the city. It is a descriptive research. The population in this study are acceptors drop out for 3 consecutive months, and are not pregnant. A sample of 100 people, and collection of data with a closed and open questionnaire, is presented descriptively. Husbands support the incidence of drop -out in the village and in the town due of the side effects at a rate of 38%, the husband does not support his wife KB 22 %, the other - the other 22 %, the husband does not receive contraceptive family planning in cities 82 % in rural 74 %, the husband asks stop KB in the city 48 % rural 60 %, the husband providing cost planning in the village 42 % in the city 34 %, the husband does not support the use of contraceptives in the city 38 % rural 38 %. In conclusion, increasing the support of her husband, improve mentoring and coaching acceptor drop out to be willing to use contraception again. Support includes acceptance of family planning services for the husband against wife in the city is higher than in the village.
PERAN KELUARGA DALAM TRADISI SUNAT PEREMPUAN DI DESA KUNTU KABUPATEN KAMPAR PROVINSI RIAU (Analisis Gender sebagai Ketimpangan HAM dalam Praktik Sunat Perempuan)
Authors: Hikmalisa Hikmalisa
Published: April 2019

A family are those people who play important parts in our loves. It is however, unfortunate, that due to ignorance or extreme cultures embedded, that harmful acts are imposed, in contravention to human rights and female reproductive rights. Among these practices are female circumcision, usually done at a young age (often toddlers) by cutting off the clitoris, based on religious or tradition, in order to “prevent” women becomingpromiscuous. This practice is still widespread in many areas including Kuntu, Kampar Regency, Riau Province. Carried out under the belief “adat basondi syara’, syra’ basondi kitabullah”, to be a muslim and a woman who is faithful to traditions and religion, they must be circumcised. Even when faced with the fact female circumcision is highly dangerous and is a aberration of women’s rights, many continue to engage in the practice. The family unit is a key part of this practice, as young women are under the control of their parents, which should have been a safe haven, perverted due to extreme taqlid. Consciously or not, this results in the deprivation the rights of women, who are yet to be aware of their very rights.
KONFLIK AGRARIA, PEREMPUAN DAN KEMISKINAN DI DESA
Authors: Rozaki Abdur
Published: April 2019

This article examines the agrarian conflict which caused the misery of farming families, particularly women in developing a livelihood in the village. Agrarian conflicts, as a result of customary land conversion to state land (negaranisasi tanah adat), should be solvable through the agrarian reform policies which is supported by the political momentum of decentralization and the issuance of the Village Act which gives village more opportunities to regain control of land assets. However, the practice in East Lombok showed that local government tends to give land occupation permits to private investors rather than implement agrarian reform policy that gives more justice to develop a more independent and prosperous. rural economy.
Identifikasi Fishing Ground Ikan Teri (Stolephorus sp) Menggunakan Citra Modis di Perairan Karimunjawa, Jepara
Authors: Aditya Rizky , Wirasatriya Anindya , Kunarso Kunarso , Maslukah Lilik , Subardjo Petrus , Suryosaputro Agus Anugroho Dwi , Handoyo Gentur
Published: April 2019

Fishing ground  atau  zona  penangkapan ikan  adalah  suatu  kawasan perairan  yang  menjadi sasaran dalam usaha penangkapan ikan. Ikan teri merupakan hasil tangkapan ikan yang populer di Karimunjawa. Penelitian ini bertujuan memprediksi zona tangkapan ikan di Perairan Karimunjawa berdasarkan sebaran klorofil-a dan suhu permukaan laut dengan memanfaatkan data citra satelit Aqua Modis level-3. Sebaran klorofil-a yang tinggi terlihat pada bulan Mei sampai Juli. Nilai korelasi antara klorofil-a dengan tangkapan ikan di lapangan sebesar r=0,869 yang berarti berhubungan sangat erat. Sedangkan nilai korelasi Suhu Permukaan Laut (SPL) dengan tangkapan ikan hanya sebesar r=0,387. Hal ini berarti hasil tangkapan ikan teri di Kepulauan Karimunjawa lebih dipengaruhi oleh sebaran klorofil-a dari pada SPL. Oleh karena itu dalam penentuan potensi fishing ground dengan menggunakan data MODI klimatologi bulanan, kami hanya menggunakan parameter klorofil-a. Perairan Karimunjawa memiliki kandungan klorofil-a rata rata sebesar 0,29 mg/m3. Berdasarkan analisa sebaran klorofil-a klimatologi bulanan, lokasi potensi fishing ground berada pada barat dan tenggara dari perairan Pulau Nyamuk, Barat Pulau Kemujan termasuk Pulau Cemara Besar dan Kecil, dan di perairan sekitar Pulau Parang yang dapat ditemukan disetiap bulannya. Anchovy Ground Fishing Identification (Stolephorus sp) Using Fashionable Images in the Waters of Karimunjawa, Jepara Fishing ground or fishing zone is an area in the ocean which becomes a target for fishing activities. Common target for fishing activity in Karimunjawa is anchovy. The aim of this study is to predict fishing zone on the waters of Karimunjawa based on the chlorophyll distribution and sea surface temperature by utilizing level 3 Aqua MODIS data. The high chlorophyll-a distribution is observed from May to July. The correlation value between chlorophyll-a and fish catch based on insitu data is strong with r = 0.869. Conversely, the correlation between insitu SPL correlation and fish catch is weak with r = 0.38. Therefore, we only used chlorophyll-a parameter to determine the potential fishing ground in Karimun Jawa. Karimunjawa waters have an average chlorophyll-a conscentration of 0.29 mg/m3, Based on monthly climatology of MODIS  chlorophyll data, the location of potential fishing ground is west and southeast from the waters of the island of Nyamuk, the west of Kemujan Island including Pulau Cemara Besar and Kecil, and in the waters around Parang Island which can be found every month.
Karakteristik Sebaran Fitoplankton di Perairan Muara Sungai Sugihan, Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Mulyadi Mulyadi , Ulqodry Tengku Zia , Aryawati Riris , Isnaini Isnaini , Surbakti Heron
Published: April 2019

The anthropogenic activity around Sugihan Estuary might drive changes on physical-chemical factors which affect the abundance and distribution of phytoplankton in the Sugihan Estuary. The purpose of this study was to analyze the abundance and distribution of phytoplankton based on physical-chemical parameters at Sugihan Estuary, South Sumatera. Samples were taken at 18 stations in towards low tide condition. The measured parameters include light intensity, visibility, temperature, current velocity, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, nitrate, phosphate and phytoplankton samples. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to determine the characteristic of phytoplankton distribution. We found 14 genus of phytoplankton which consist of 13 genera of Bacillariophyceae and 1 genus of Dinophyceae. The entire observation stations were classified into four groups based on abundance and the genus of phytoplankton. The phytoplankton abundance ranged between 101 cell/l to 1071 cell/l. The phytoplankton abundance and distribution are in linear correlation with light intensity, visibility, pH, dissolved oxygen, salinity and current velocity. This research could contribute on describing the water productivity level of Sugihan Estuary.    Aktivitas di perairan Muara Sungai Sugihan berpotensi mengakibatkan perubahan kondisi fisika-kimia perairan yang berpengaruh pada kelimpahan dan distribusi fitoplankton. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis kelimpahan dan distribusi fitoplankton dalam kaitannya dengan parameter fisika dan kimia perairan Muara Sugihan, Sumatera Selatan. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada 18 titik stasiun dalam kondisi perairan menuju surut. Parameter lingkungan yang diukur meliputi intensitas cahaya, kecerahan, suhu, kecepatan arus, salinitas, pH, oksigen terlarut, nitrat, fosfat dan sampel fitoplankton. Karakteristik sebaran fitoplankton dianalisis dengan menggunakan Analisis Komponen Utama (PCA). Hasil pengamatan fitoplankton ditemukan sebanyak 14 genus, 13 genus dari kelas Bacillariophyceae dan satu genus dari kelas Dinophyceae. Seluruh stasiun pengamatan dikelompokkan menjadi empat kelompok berdasarkan kelimpahan dan genus fitoplanktonnya. Kelimpahan fitoplankton berkisar antara 101 sel/l hingga 1071 sel/l. Hubungan distribusi dan kelimpahan fitoplankton berbanding lurus dengan intensitas cahaya, kecerahan, pH, oksigen terlarut, salinitas dan kecepatan arus. Penelitian ini dapat berkontribusi dalam menggambarkan tingkat kesuburan perairan di Muara Sungai Sugihan Sumatera Selatan.
Antioxidant Activities, Total Phenolic Compound And Pigment Contents of Tropical Sargassum sp. Extract, Macerated In Different Solvents Polarity
Authors: Hidayati Jelita Rahma , Yudiati Ervia , Pringgenies Delianis , Arifin Zaenal , OktaviyantI Diah Tri
Published: April 2019

Exposure of sunlight lead tropical Sargassum sp. to maintain their growth and moreover to bring up their secondary metabollite for life struggling. Sargassum sp. has bioactive compounds that has a potential antioxidant acitivity such as phenolic compounds as well as chlorophyll and carotenoids. This research was conducted to determine antioxidant activities, phenolic compound and pigmens of Sargassum sp. with different solvent that have different polarities. Sample was macerate with n-heksana, ethyl acetate, methanol and aquadest. All the parameters were done spectrophotometrically. IC50 was used to determine the antioxidant activity by antiradical scavenging activity using DPPH (515 nm). Total phenolic compound were tested by Folin-Ciocalteu solution  and used gallic acid as standard (725 nm). The chlorophylls a content were measured at wavelength 662 nm and 645 nm and carotenoids were measured at wavelength 470 nm. The results showed best IC50 is achieved by aquadest extract (72.95 ±0.22 ppm). The highest Total phenolic compound is achieved by ethyl acetat extract (120.29 ±0,404 mg GAE/g sample). The highest chlorophyll a content is achieved by ethyl acetat extract (18.23 ± 0,049 mg/g sample) and the highest carotenoid content is achieved by ethyl acetat extract extract (60.65 ±0,008  µmol/g sample). It can be concluded that aquadest extract can be categorized as the strong antioxidant and antiradical activity, ethyl acetat as a medium antioxidant activity. The simple and save methods of aquadest extract promising that Sargassum  sp. frorn Indonesia is a good candidate compoud for nutraceutical and cosmeceutical approach.
Algoritma Genetika untuk Optimasi Komposisi Makanan Bagi Penderita Hipertensi
Authors: Purnomo Anggi Mahadika , Werdiastu Davia , Raissa Talitha , Widodo Restu , Wijayaningrum Vivi Nur
Published: April 2019

Hypertension can be prevented and handled by eating nutritious foods with the right composition. The genetic algorithm can be used to optimize the food composition for people with hypertension. Data used include sex, age, weight, height, activity type, stress level, and patient hypertension level. This study uses a reproduction method that is good enough to be applied to integer chromosome representations so that the search results provided are not local optimum solutions. The testing results show that the best genetic algorithm parameters are as follows population size is 15 with average fitness 20.97, the generation number is 40 with average fitness 50.10, and combination crossover rate and mutation rate are 0.3 and 0.7 with average fitness 41.67. The solution obtained is the optimal food composition for people with hypertension.
Perbandingan Metode Segmentasi K-Means Clustering dan Segmentasi Region Growing untuk Pengukuran Luas Wilayah Hutan Mangrove
Authors: Cerah Tyas Panorama Nan , Nurhayati Oky Dwi , Isnanto R. Rizal
Published: April 2019

This study aims to examine the k-means clustering and region growing segmentation methods to identify and measure the area of mangrove forests in the Southeast Sulawesi province. The image of the area of this study used Landsat 8 satellite imagery. The area of mangrove forest was carried out by calculating the number of pixels identified as mangrove forests with an area density of 900 m2/pixel. The accuracy of the two segmentation methods in calculating the area was compared based on the same area calculated by LAPAN. The overall accuracy of k-means clustering segmentation method has better accuracy, which is 59.26%, than region growing with 33.33% of accuracy. Both image segmentation methods, k-means clustering and region growing, can be used to calculate the area of mangrove forests in the Southeast Sulawesi region using Landsat 8 satellite imagery.
Electroconvulsive Shock Enhances Responsive Motility and Purinergic Currents in Microglia in the Mouse Hippocampus
Authors: Sepulveda-Rodriguez Alberto , Li Pinggan , Khan Tahiyana , Ma James D. , Carlone Colby A. , Bozzelli P. Lorenzo , Conant Katherine E. , Forcelli Patrick A. , Vicini Stefano
Published: April 2019

Microglia are in a privileged position to both affect and be affected by neuroinflammation, neuronal activity and injury, which are all hallmarks of seizures and the epilepsies. Hippocampal microglia become activated after prolonged, damaging seizures known as status epilepticus (SE). However, since SE causes both hyperactivity and injury of neurons, the mechanisms triggering this activation remain unclear, as does the relevance of the microglial activation to the ensuing epileptogenic processes. In this study, we use electroconvulsive shock (ECS) to study the effect of neuronal hyperactivity without neuronal degeneration on mouse hippocampal microglia. Unlike SE, ECS did not alter hippocampal CA1 microglial density, morphology, or baseline motility. In contrast, both ECS and SE produced a similar increase in ATP-directed microglial process motility in acute slices, and similarly upregulated expression of the chemokine C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2). Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings of hippocampal CA1srmicroglia showed that ECS enhanced purinergic currents mediated by P2X7 receptors in the absence of changes in passive properties or voltage-gated currents, or changes in receptor expression. This differs from previously described alterations in intrinsic characteristics which coincided with enhanced purinergic currents following SE. These ECS-induced effects point to a “seizure signature” in hippocampal microglia characterized by altered purinergic signaling. These data demonstrate that ictal activity per se can drive alterations in microglial physiology without neuronal injury. These physiological changes, which up until now have been associated with prolonged and damaging seizures, are of added interest as they may be relevant to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), which remains a gold-standard treatment for depression.
Dvasinio kino konceptas Gilles’io Deleuze’o filosofijoje Jūratė Baranova
Authors: Baranova Jūratė
Published: April 2019

[straipsnis ir santrauka lietuvių kalba; santrauka anglų kalba]

Ar įmanoma, pasitelkus kino meno atvertas galimybes, ugdyti jautrumą vertybiniams apsisprendimams? Ar yra galimas kinas, kuris kreiptų žiūrovo nuostatas dvasinių vertybių link? Tikėtina, kad tai galbūt perteklinis reikalavimas meno žanrui, kuris arba nesiekia, arba nepajėgus realizuoti tokio pobūdžio užduočių. Gali būti, kad, netgi siekdamas įgyvendinti tokio lygmens užduotis, kinas yra nepajėgus savo priemonėmis jas atliepti. Straipsnis prasideda nuo provokuojančio klausimo: kodėl galima suabejoti „sakralaus meno“ galimybe? Religinio meno kaip kičinio oksimorono galimybę įžvelgia Tomas Sodeika, remdamasis neįmanomybės vaizduoti sacrum reprodukuojamuose vaizduose prielaida. Straipsnyje analizuojamas Gilles’io Deleuze’o (1925–1995) kino filosofijoje formuluojamas dvasinio pasirinkimo kino konceptas, keliant klausimą, ar jis negalėtų atverti lygiagrečios kičiniam religiniam kinui, bet visgi steigiančios religinės etikos vertybes refleksijos galimybės. Straipsnio autorė prieina prie išvados, kad Deleuze’as, pratęsdamas Søreno Kierkegaard’o įžvelgtą trijų dvasios lygmenų koncepciją ketvirtąja (laiko) ir penktąja (dvasios) dimensijomis, suranda dvasinio kino, lygiagretaus religiniam, kuris artimas revoliuciniam, apibrėžties galimybę. Tokio kino prielaidas Deleuze’as fokusuoja į prancūzų kino režisieriaus Roberto Bressono (1901–1999) kūrybą, tačiau straipsnio autorė jam priskirtų ir Ingmaro Bergmano (1918–2007), ir Andrejaus Tarkovskio (1932–1986), kaip, beje, ir šiame straipsnyje, ir Deleuze’o kino filosofijoje neminimo Krzystofo Kieslowskio (1941–1996) kūrybą. Tokio priskyrimo kriterijus būtų paties Deleuze’o siūloma Atverties kaip viseto, judančio tarp dviejų dimensijų (erdvinės ir laikinės), leidžiančio išvengti radikalaus materijos ir dvasios supriešinimo, paradigma. Bressono kinematografas straipsnyje pasitelkiamas kaip paties Deleuze’o išskirtas dvasinio kino vienas iš tipinių atvejų, atsispindintis ne tik Deleuze’o, bet ir Tarkovskio refleksijose. Pamatinė prielaida dvasinio kino steigčiai, autorės manymu, yra kaip būtina galimybė, Deleuze’o išskirta konkrečiame filme, iki galo neregima, bet galbūt fliuktuojanti anapus regimo lauko (hors-champ).
Lifnim mišurat ha-din ir derekh erec problema, arba etikos paieškos žydų tradicijoje ir Vilniaus Gaono kranklys
Authors: Pažėraitė Aušra Kristina
Published: April 2019

[straipsnis ir santrauka lietuvių kalba; santrauka anglų kalba]

Straipsnyje analizuojama, ar Vilniaus Gaonui egzistavo etikos šaltinis už Toros ir halakhos ribų. Svarstant R. Aharono Lichtensteino keltą klausimą, „Ar judaizme egzistuoja etika anapus halakhos?“, straipsnyje argumentuojama, kad sąvokos lifnim mišurat ha-din ir derekh erec, kurios ne vieno šiuolaikinio judaikos tyrinėtojo siejamos su etiniu impulsu, gal ir galimu kildinti iš kitų šaltinių, Vilniaus Gaono atveju lieka įsišaknijusios Toroje ir halakhoje. Remiamasi tiek legendiniu Vilniaus Gaono įvaizdžiu, tiek jam priskirtomis agados interpretacijomis, per kuriuos išryškėja Vilniaus Gaono besąlygiškas atsidavimas Toros studijavimui, jį iškeliant virš visų kitų galimų vertybinių pasirinkimų, ir jo pamaldumo papročiai, dažnai pranokstantys tai, ko reikalauja halakha, tačiau neturintys nieko bendra su etika ar socialiniu rūpesčiu. Straipsnyje atskirai nagrinėjama gyvūnų tema, kurią kaip argumentą, kad žydų tradicijoje galima rasti pozityvų santykį su etikos šaltiniu už Toros ar halakhos ribų (tarkime, imant pavyzdį iš katės, gaidžio ar skruzdėlės, kaip mokė kai kurie Talmudo išminčiai), pateikia Lichtensteinas. Straipsnyje atskleidžiama, kad gyvūnų pavyzdžiai, kalbant apie deramo elgesio pavyzdžius, yra pernelyg prieštaringi, jei turėsime omenyje platesnį Toros ir Talmudo kontekstą: pirma, jau pačioje Toroje kai kurie gyvūnų pavyzdžiai nurodyti kaip sektini ir todėl neišeina už Toros ribų, antra, tiek Toroje, tiek Talmude santykis su tais gyvūnais (ypač katėmis, taip pat šunimis) gana prieštaringas, trečia, kalbant apie Vilniaus Gaoną, jam gyvūnai buvo tik įvaizdžiai, leidę pabrėžti tam tikras būdo savybes ir elgesio orientyrus, būtinus studijuojant ir praktikuojant Torą, o ne etiniam elgesiui.
Dimensiones para medición de la satisfacción del paciente en centros de urgencia
Authors: Arteta-Poveda Luis E. , Palacio-Salgar Katherine
Published: April 2019

Objetivo Identificar las dimensiones significativas para medir la satisfacción del paciente en centros de urgencia. Asimismo, brindar recomendaciones, basados en la literatura, tanto para proveer un mejor servicio, como para la realización de futuras investigaciones.Método Se realizó una revisión sistemática explorando 5 base de datos: Jstor, Proquest, SciELO Public Health, Science Direct Y Redalyc, utilizando como criterios de búsqueda: “Patient Satisfaction”, “Quality Of Care”, “Satisfaction With Care”, “Patients' Perception Of Care”, “Emergency Department” y “Emergency Medical Service”. Fueron preseleccionados Artículos en inglés y español, de textos completos y publicados entre 1990 y 2015. De 172 artículos, 42 estudios empíricos se incluyeron en el análisis.Resultados El 39% de los artículos fueron de procedencia norteamericana, el 38% europea, el 11% asiática, el 5% sudamericana, el 3% de Oceanía, el 2% africana y el 2% centroamericana. Once dimensiones para medir satisfacción del paciente en centros de urgencia con sus respectivas subvariables fueron identificadas como usadas frecuentemente y estadísticamente significativas.Conclusiones La satisfacción del paciente es una variable multidimensional de la calidad de la atención médica. La comunicación, la atención y cortesía y el tiempo de espera percibido son los principales factores que se deben trabajar para incrementar dicha satisfacción. Variables sociodemográficas como la raza, estado de salud y edad del paciente deben ser valoradas ya que influyen en el nivel de satisfacción. Asimismo, la correlación entre la satisfacción y la intención de retornar al centro a futuro evidencian oportunidades de trabajo para administradores e investigadores en el área de la salud.
HDR syndrome in a Colombian woman with a genital tract malformation: First case report in Latin America
Authors: Vallejo-Urrego Michael , Parra-Morales Alejandra M. , Gonzalez Adriana
Published: April 2019

Objectives Hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural deafness and renal disease (HDR) syndrome, also known as Barakat syndrome, is an autosomal dominant transmission hereditary disease with a wide range of penetrance and expressivity. Haploinsufficiency of the GATA3 two finger zinc transcription factor is believed to be its cause. This is the first time this orphan disease is reported in Latin America, so the publishing of this report is expected to raise awareness on these types of syndrome, that are usually underdiagnosed in our region, which in turn causes an increase in the years lost to disability (YLDs) rates, as well as higher costs to be assumed by public health systems.Methods A 36-year-old Colombian woman diagnosed with parathyroid gland agenesis was referred from the Endocrinology Service to the Outpatient Service. According to her medical record, in the past she had developed hypocalcaemia, left renal agenesis, hypoparathyroidism, bicornate uterus and sensorineural hearing loss. Through a genetic analysis a pathological mutation on the short arm of the GATA 3 gen (c.404dupC, p Ala136 GlyfsTER 167) was confirmed, which led to a HDR syndrome diagnosis.Discussion This case proves that there is a possibility that mutations described in other continents may be developed by individuals from our region. Regardless of ethnicity, Barakat syndrome should be considered as a possible diagnosis in patients presenting the typical triad that has been described for this condition, since there could be underdiagnosis of this disease in Latin-America due to the lack of knowledge on this condition in said region, and that genetic counseling in these patients is of great importance for the implications of the syndrome in future generations.
Inspiracja pieśnią roratnią Rorate caeli desuper w Koncercie na altówkę i orkiestrę smyczkową
Authors: Fabiańska-Jelińska Ewa
Published: April 2019

Autorka opisuje inspirację i tło powstania Koncertu na altówkę i orkiestrę smyczkową. Nakreśla tło bezpośredniej inspiracji powstania utworu: religijny okres Adwentu (msza roratnia oraz pieśń Rorate caeli desuper) wraz z towarzyszącą mu symboliką światła i mroku. Podstawowa idea dźwiękowa w koncercie została zainspirowana muzycznym cytatem z pierwotnego motywu pieśni roratniej Rorate caeli desuper. Motywy otwierające utwór stały się podstawą do rozwoju i kształtowania materiału dźwiękowego w kolejnych częściach koncertu. Architektura muzyczna i dramatyczna treść całego utworu opierają się na wspomnianym cytacie, który integruje poszczególne części zgodnie z koncepcją jedności w różnorodności rozumianej jako spójny wyjściowy materiał dźwiękowy, prezentowany w różnych kontekstach, wzbogacający muzyczną narrację.
The Use of Heat Exhaust Ventilation in Poultry Farms
Authors: Sklyar Aleksey , Minaev Viktor , Mokhov Valery , Postnova Margarita
Published: April 2019

Modern poultry farming is associated with emissions of a significant amount of heat into the atmosphere and from the position of the Kyoto Protocol. The same time, energy is a significant component in the cost of eggs, poultry meat, and all food products from them. The original design of recuperative heat exchangers to minimize aerodynamic drag allowing exhaust air to remove axial fans on the inflow in this case are inevitable radial fans, taking into account the use of the heater. In addition to heat recovery, this vent structure can work both at vacuum and at excessive pressure in the poultry house, for example, in the starting period for broilers. The heat exchanger of the proposed design was tested in the pilot poultry house of OS ‘Cherepovets broiler’, where the installation showed high efficiency by a third to reduce the annual heat consumption compared to other poultry farms located in a similar climatic zone.