bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Trends of Cardiovascular and Cancer Mortality in Russian Men and Women from 2000 to 2016 years
Authors: Shalnova S. A. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: March 2019

Aim. To compare trends from CVD and cancer mortality in the Russian Federation from 2000 to 2016. depending on age and gender.

Material and methods. The official statistics on mortality of Federal state statistics Service and the data obtained in the Russian database of fertility and mortality of the Center for Demographic Studies of the Russian Economic School, Moscow (Russia) were used. Mortality from CVD, including coronary heart disease (CHD), cerebrovascular disease (CerVD), other CVD, and cancer, including prostate cancer in men and breast cancer in women, stomach cancer, trachea, bronchus and lung cancer were analyzed from 2000 to 2016.

Results. From 2000 to 2016 CVD mortality leads in comparison with deaths from cancer both in absolute number of deaths and in standardized deaths rates (SDR). There was a decrease in SDR from CVD and cancer between 2003 and 2016, however, rate of decline in the mortality rate from cancer was much less pronounced compared to CVD. At the same time, there is a trend towards a convergence in mortality from both causes in all age groups, with the exception of 75 years and older. For women in the age group of 35–64 years in 2016, the SDR from CVD was slightly lower than from cancer. The decrease in mortality from CVD was accompanied by a decrease in mortality from CHD and the CerVD, the latter was more pronounced in women. The overall mortality rate from cancer was characterized by a decrease in gastric cancer in people of both sexes, trachea, bronchus and lung cancer in men and breast cancer in women and an increase in prostate cancer in men.

Conclusion. The ratio of mortality of CVD to cancer and their age characteristics are important for health care. Keeping in mind a present high rate of CVD deaths and cancer deaths rate decline is still not enough, there are now already two big problems for the health care and prevention is a key, especially with common risk factors. These changing trends in mortality may support evidence for changes in the policy of resource allocation in the country.
Eksistensi ‘Illat dalam Mengukuhkan Teks Hadis-hadis Ru’yat al-Hilāl dan Fungsinya dalam Pengembangan Hukum Islam
Authors: Busyro Busyro
Published: March 2019

Ḥisāb and ru’yat always be warm conversations when there is an early determination of Ramadhan and Shawwal. At that time, there are always two camps of scholars in reacting, the scholars who hold on to ḥisāb (calculating the calendar) on one side, and on the other hand hold to ru’yat al-hilāl (seeing the moon directly). This in turn often leads to time differences in setting the beginning of the month among Muslims. With the aim to unite the people in starting their worship, some scholars try to understand the texts of these traditions about ru’yat al-hilāl by trying to find the 'illat (reason) of the laws of hadiths about ru’yat al-hilāl. Their study of the 'illat law resulted in the conclusion that the ru’yat al-hilāl is only a suitable means for the people that time and may not suitable for Muslims in this modern era. Therefore Muslims must use other wasīlah (means) which further guarantee the realization of the purpose of law, namely modern astro­nomy. The conclusion of the law from the side of the discovery of ‘illat seems to be less suited to the purpose of ta'līl al-aḥkām, is to establish textual texts in addition to discovering the forms of development of the texts.
Ruler of Interests, Political Interests, or Law Enforcement: Case Study of Amnesty Plan for Din Minimi Group in East Aceh
Authors: Amdani Yusi
Published: March 2019

The aim of this paper is the concept of the settlement of criminal cases committed Din Minimi Group. The amnesty is the prerogative of the President specified in the Constitution of 1945. Amnesty NRI is a form of pardon to political prisoners to be free from legal sanctions. The legal basis for amnesty stipulated in the Emergency Law No. 11 of 1954 on Amnesty and Abolition. The method used in this paper is a conceptual approach. Related to peace efforts in Aceh, the President has issued Presidential Decree No. 22 of 2005 on Amnesty and Abolition against GAM members. Once that happens again insurgency by Din Minimi caused dissatisfaction with the policy of the Governing of Aceh. Counterinsurgency is done by giving amnesty to the group Din Minimi so willing to surrender. When viewed in this aspect of the law, amnesty if forced to give to Din Minimi, it is destructive to the prevailing laws in Indonesia. Do not rule out the possibility of regulation will hit Indonesia polemic, so the solution had to pay attention to various aspects of both of the victim, the offender, and the community by not disregard the rule of law and justice.
Chitosan-coated black sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seed pulp as a novel candidate adsorbent for Cr(VI) elimination
Authors: Parlayıcı Şerife , Tuna Kübra , Özdemir Elif , Pehlivan Erol
Published: March 2019

This study evaluates the application of Cr(VI) adsorption from the prepared synthetic solution by black sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seed pulp (BSSP) and chitosan (Cts)-coated black sesame seed pulp beads (Cts-BSSP). BSSP and Cts-BSSP were used as an adsorbent without any chemical or physical treatment to remove Cr(VI) from an aqueous medium. The results indicated that the Cr(VI) removal was pH-dependent and reached an optimum at pH 2.0. It has been observed that the percentage of adsorption increased from 62% to 95% when the amount of Cts-BSSP increased from 0.0125 g to 0.0250 g. The required adsorbent amount for the maximum removal was 0.05 g and 0.1 g for Cst-BSSP and BSSP, respectively. The contact time for the adsorption was 120 min and 90 min for BSSP and Cst-BSSP, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to explore the possible adsorption mechanism for Cr(VI). The equilibrium data for the BSSP and Cts-BSSP were used with the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models to assess the adsorption capacity and relevant mechanism. The adsorption capacity of the Cts-BSSP for Cr(VI) is relatively high compared to BSSP. The monolayer maximum adsorption capacities for Cr(VI) ions were 31.44 and 18.32 mg/g for Cts-BSSP and BSSP, respectively.
An Overview on the Potential Antimycobacterial Agents Targeting Serine/Threonine Protein Kinases from Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Mori Matteo , Sammartino José Camilla , Costantino Luca , Gelain Arianna , Meneghetti Fiorella , Villa Stefania , Chiarelli Laurent Roberto
Published: March 2019

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), still remains an urgent global health issue, mainly due to the emergence of multi-drug resistant strains. Therefore, there is a pressing need to develop novel and more efficient drugs to control the disease. In this context, targeting the pathogen virulence factors, and particularly signal mechanisms, seems to be a promising approach. An important transmembrane signaling system in Mtb is represented by receptor-type Serine/ Threonine protein kinases (STPKs). Mtb has 11 different STPKs, two of them, PknA and PknB, are essential. By contrast PknG and PknH are involved in Mtb virulence and adaptation, and are fundamental for the pathogen growth in infection models. Therefore, STPKs represent a very interesting group of pharmacological targets in M. tuberculosis. In this work, the principal inhibitors of the mycobacterial STPKs will be presented and discussed. In particular, medicinal chemistry efforts have been focused on discovering new antimycobacterial compounds, targeting three of these kinases, namely PknA, PknB and PknG. Generally, the inhibitory effect on these enzymes do not correlate with a significant antimycobacterial action in whole-cell assays. However, compounds with activity in the low micromolar range have been obtained, demonstrating that targeting Mtb STPKs could be a new promising strategy for the development of drugs to treat TB infections.
Risk-Stratification Strategy for Sudden Cardiac Death in the Very Young Children with Asymptomatic Ventricular Preexcitation
Authors: Rodriguez-Gonzalez Moises , Castellano-Martinez Ana , Perez-Reviriego Alvaro A.
Published: March 2019

Asymptomatic VPE refers to the presence of this abnormal ECG pattern in the absence
of any symptoms. The natural history in these patients is usually benign, and most children (60%)
with VPE are usually asymptomatic. However, Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD) has been reported to
be the initial symptom in many patients too. The increased risk of SCD is thought to be due to the
rapid conduction of atrial arrhythmias to the ventricle, via the AP, which degenerates into Ventricular
Fibrillation (VF). The best method to identify high-risk patients with asymptomatic VPE for
SCD is the characterization of the electrophysiological properties of the AP through an Electrophysiological
Study (EPS). Also, catheter ablation of the AP with radiofrequency as definitive
treatment to avoid SCD can be performed by the same procedure with high rates of success. However,
the uncertainty over the absolute risk of SCD, the poor positive predictive value of an invasive
EPS, and complications associated with catheter ablation have made the management of asymptomatic
VPE challenging, even more in those children younger than 8-year-old, where there are
no clear recommendations. This review provides an overview of the different methods to make the
risk stratification for SCD in asymptomatic children with, as well as our viewpoint on the adequate
approach to those young children not included in current guidelines.
Effect of Environmental Conditions on the Biomarker Trigonelline in Trigonella foenum-graecum L. seeds Using Validated HPTLC Method
Authors: Alqarni Mohammed H. , Alam Prawez , Al Kharji Abulaziz M. , Salkini Mohammad Ayman A. , Abdel-Kader Maged S.
Published: March 2019

Introduction:

Fenugreek- the seeds of Trigonella foenum-graecum- are known for their medicinal
value since the very early-recorded human history. This study is conducted to explore the effect
of environmental conditions on the trigonelline content of the plant seeds.

Methods:

Trigonelline contents in different samples of fenugreek were estimated by HPTLC. The established
method was proved to be accurate, precise and robust according to ICH guidelines. The used
mobile phase was a mixture of ethyl acetate: methanol: water: formic acid 7.5: 2.5: 3: 1 (%, v/v/v/v) on
20 × 10 cm glass coated silica gel 60 F254 plates. The plates were scanned and quantified densitometrically
at λ = 267 nm after development.

Results:

A valid linear relationship correlating peak area and amount of trigonelline in the range of 100-
700 ng/spot was obtained. The amount of trigonelline varied according to the country of origin.

Conclusion:

The Indian sample has the highest amount of trigonelline followed by the Moroccan sample.
The two locations represent areas with moderate temperature, low altitude and rainy winter.
Synthesis of Some New Hydroxytriazenes and their Antimicrobial and Anti-inflammatory Activities
Authors: Jain Shilpa , Dayma Varsha , Sharma Poonam , Bhargava Amit , Baroliya Prabhat K. , Goswami Ajay K.
Published: March 2019

Background:

Hydroxytriazenes and their derivatives have been studied for the
biological and pharmacological applications in the past few years. These compounds
possess antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and wound healing activities.
In this study, we report the synthesis of ten hydroxytriazenes in two series derived
from disubstituted aniline and studied for antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities.

Methods:

For this purpose, 2-methyl-5-chloroaniline and 2-trifluoromethyl-5-chloroaniline
were used to synthesize compounds A1-5 and B1-5 series, respectively. All compounds
were synthesized by the reported method which involves three steps of the method (i) Reduction,
(ii) Diazotization, (iii) Coupling. All synthesized compounds were characterized
by various techniques CHN elemental analysis, FTIR, 1H NMR, and MASS spectral analysis.
The antibacterial activities of the compounds were screened against S. aureus, S.
pyogenes, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and antifungal activities were against C. albicans, A.
clavatus by the zone of inhibition method. In addition, anti-inflammatory activity was also
evaluated by carrageenan-induced paw edema method and results were reported as % inhibition.

Results:

All the synthesized compounds were obtained in pure form and their spectral data
are in good agreement with their structure. The synthesized compounds have shown good
antimicrobial activity and zone of inhibition was ranging 21 to 24 mm. Further antiinflammatory
effect of the compounds was 96.58 to 98.71 % inhibition.

Conclusion:

The results of the present study indicate that chloro and trifluoromethyl substitution
at hydroxytriazenes skeleton could improve anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial
activities.
Time Series Forecasting to Improve Predictive Modelling in Public Maternal Healthcare Data
Authors: Gupta Shelly , Singh Shailendra N. , Jain Parsid K.
Published: March 2019

Background:

To predict the future health situation of a nation or a state, the Time Series
Predictive Modelling is a valuable tool in the health system. In order to attain the Millennium Development
Goals (MDGs) for MMR in India, the purpose of this research work is to identify the
trends in the essential components, which are responsible for maternal death prevention.

Methods:

To achieve the above-mentioned objective we have evaluated the performance of three
different approaches in our process model for Time Series Predictive Modelling on public maternal
health data. The first approach is Exponential Smoothing method i.e. is a statistics based method,
the second one is Multi Layer Perceptron method i.e. a machine learning based method and the
third one is Long Short Term Memory network i.e. a deep learning method. For the data analysis,
the five years’ monthly time series data (2012 to 2017) of Uttar Pradesh state of India is collected
from NRHM portal of Indian Government. It is partitioned into training data for modeling and testing
data for validation of the model.

Results:

The major components from the original data are selected by using an attribute selection
method i.e. greedy approach based Best-First Wrapper method. The MAPE statistical parameter is
used to define the accuracy level of the predictive values for the selected dimensions of the given
data. A performance-based comparison of all applied approaches is presented at last which illustrates
that exponential smoothing method has performed better than the other two methods.

Conclusion:

The presented trend analysis and future values generated by using the presented process
model will feed input in the decision making for planning better healthcare services.
Synthesis of Deuterium Labeled 5, 5-Dimethyl-3-(α, α, α-trifluoro-4-nitro-m-tolyl) Hydantoin
Authors: Bolla Ratna Sekhar , Gandikota Narasimha Murthy , Kasi Viswanath Ivaturi Venkata
Published: March 2019

Objective: Stable and non-radioactive isotope labeled compounds gained significance in recent
drug discovery and other various applications such as bio-analytical studies. The modern bioanalytical
techniques can study the adverse therapeutic effects of drugs by comparing isotopically labeled
internal standards. A well-designed labeled compound can provide high-quality information about
the identity and quantification of drug-related compounds in biological samples. This information can
be very useful at key decision points in drug development. In this study, we tried to synthesize Nilutamide-
d6 which can be useful to study the adverse effects of Nilutamide, and based on these can modify
or widen the new drug derivatives. Nilutamide is a nonsteroidal antiandrogen which is used in the
treatment of prostate cancer. The aim of this study was to develop a synthetic approach to prepare deuterium
labeled [2H6]-5, 5-dimethylimidazolidine-2, 4-dione and [2H6]-nilutamide.

Methods: Since nilutamide is a derivative of hydantoin, it involves the synthesis of Dimethylhydantoin
via Bucherer-Bergs hydantoin synthesis, followed by oxidative N-arylation with 4-iodo-1-nitro-2-
(trifluoromethyl) benzene.

Conclusion: We successfully synthesized [2H6]-nilutamide and [2H6]-dimethylhydantoin with good
isotopic purity, measured to be of adequate quality for use as internal standards in bio-analytical studies.
A brief mechanistic study of Bucherer-Bergs hydantoin reaction was carried and the reason for possible
H/D exchange was explained.
Efficacy of new insecticide molecules against leaf eating caterpillar, Diaphania indica in bitter gourd
Authors: Maha Janani , B. Usha Rani , K. Suresh
Published: March 2019

Field experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of seven new insecticides against leaf eating caterpillar, Diaphania indica in bitter gourd, being maintained by farmer field in Thuyyaneri, Madurai district, Tamil Nadu. It revealed that Chlorantraniliprole @ 150ml/ ha was most effective, followed by Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC 125 ml/ha, spinosad 45 % SC 160 ml/ha, Thiodicarb 75 %WP 750 g/ha, and Imidacloprid 17.8 SL 250 ml/ha, were moderately effective. While Dichlorovos 76 %EC 325 ml/ha and spiromesifen 22.9 SC 500 ml/ha, were least effective against bitter gourd leaf eating caterpillar.
Digital Education of Health Professionals on the Management of Domestic Violence: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by the Digital Health Education Collaboration (Preprint)
Authors: Divakar Ushashree , Nazeha Nuraini , Posadzki Pawel , Jarbrink Krister , Bajpai Ram , Ho Andy Hau Yan , Campbell James , Feder Gene , Car Josip
Published: March 2019

BACKGROUND

The World Health Organization states that 35% of women experience domestic violence at least once during their lifetimes. However, approximately 80% of health professionals have never received any training on management of this major public health concern.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of health professions digital education on domestic violence compared to that of traditional ways or no intervention.

METHODS

Seven electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials from January 1990 to August 2017. The Cochrane Handbook guideline was followed, and studies reporting the use of digital education interventions to educate health professionals on domestic violence management were included.

RESULTS

Six studies with 631 participants met our inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis of 5 studies showed that as compared to control conditions, digital education may improve knowledge (510 participants and 5 studies; standardized mean difference [SMD] 0.67, 95% CI 0.38-0.95; I2=59%; low certainty evidence), attitudes (339 participants and 3 studies; SMD 0.67, 95% CI 0.25-1.09; I2=68%; low certainty evidence), and self-efficacy (174 participants and 3 studies; SMD 0.47, 95% CI 0.16-0.77; I2=0%; moderate certainty evidence).

CONCLUSIONS

Evidence of the effectiveness of digital education on health professionals’ understanding of domestic violence is promising. However, the certainty of the evidence is predominantly low and merits further research. Given the opportunity of scaled transformative digital education, both further research and implementation within an evaluative context should be prioritized.
Racial Disparities in Mortality Among American Film Celebrities: A Wikipedia-Based Retrospective Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Speaks Hannah , Falise Alyssa , Grosgebauer Kaitlin , Duncan Dustin , Carrico Adam
Published: March 2019

BACKGROUND

In the United States, well-documented racial disparities in health outcomes are frequently attributed to racial bias and socioeconomic inequalities. However, it remains unknown whether racial disparities in mortality persist among those with higher socioeconomic status (SES) and occupational prestige.

OBJECTIVE

As the celebrity population is generally characterized by high levels of SES and occupational prestige, this study aimed to examine survival differences between black and white film celebrities.

METHODS

Using a Web-based, open-source encyclopedia (ie, Wikipedia), data for 5829 entries of randomly selected American film actors and actresses born between 1900 and 2000 were extracted. A Kaplan-Meier survival curve was conducted using 4356 entries to compare the difference in survival by race. A Cox semiparametric regression analysis examined whether adjusting for year of birth, gender, and cause of death influenced differences in survival by race.

RESULTS

Most celebrities were non-Hispanic white (3847/4352, 88.4%), male (3565/4352, 81.9%), and born in the United States (4187/4352, 96.2%). Mean age at death for black celebrities (64.1; 95% CI 60.6-67.5 years) was 6.4 years shorter than that for white celebrities (70.5; 95% CI 69.6-71.4 years; P<.001). Black celebrities had a faster all-cause mortality rate using Kaplan-Meier survival function estimates and a log-rank test. However, in a Cox semiparametric regression, there was no longer a significant difference in survival times between black and white celebrities (hazard ratio 1.07; 95% CI 0.87-1.31).

CONCLUSIONS

There is some evidence that racial disparities in all-cause mortality may persist at higher levels of SES, but this association was no longer significant in adjusted analyses. Further research is needed to examine if racial disparities in mortality are diminished at higher levels of SES among more representative populations.
Nasionalisme Dan Masa Depan Bangsa Indonesia
Authors: K Wahyono S
Published: March 2019

Memasuki tahun 2009 bangsa Indonesia men ghadapi sedikitnya tiga tantangan yang berat, pertama adalah krisis ekonomi dunia yang berdampak negatif terhadap ekonomi Indonesia, kedua adalah pernilihan umum untuk memilih para pemim pin baru bangsa Indonesia baik untuk anggota legislatif mau pun Presiden dan Wakil Presiden yang harus dapat membawa bangsa Indonesia keluar dari berbagai kemelut akibat kriris ekonomi dunia dan melanjutkan pembangunan nasional yang sekarang terbengkalai, dan ketiga adalah membangkitkan kembali semangat nasional- isme bangsa Indonesia untuk bersatu padu dalam pikiran, tekad dan tindakan untuk menjadikan bangsa Indonesia ban gsa yang merdeka, bersatu dan berdaulat yang mampu berdiri tegak di antara ban gsa- ban gsa maju di dunia.
Konstruksi Isu Aktual Bidang Ketahanan Nasional Untuk Pengembangan Isi Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Persekolahan
Authors: Haryati Sri
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTThisi study was aimed at to constructed the actual issues of national resilience ini thei developmenti of educational content of civici educationi as a description of knowledge about the actual issue of citizenship in the national resilience studies asi thei content of civici educationi in school.The research used qualitative descriptive approach. Source of informant data with purposive sampling technique, relevant document and literature study. Data collection was done throughi in-depthi interviewsi, FGD, iobservation, and documenti studyi. The validity of data was done by triangulation process of source and method. iData analysisi was done byireduction, data ipresentation, and iconclusion.Thei resultsi showedi thati the description of the content of civic education was based on the actual issues of national resilience concerning ideological, political, economic, socio-cultural and security issues in the form of basic competence study which translated into indicators to achieved the objectives of basic competence. Based on idataianalysis, it wasiinecessary to studiedi theiactual issue of national resilience to supported the content of civic education education in schoolABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkonstruksi isu aktual bidang ketahanan nasional dalam pengembangan isi pendidikan kewarganegaraan persekolahan berupa deskripsi pengetahuan tentang isu aktual kewarganegaraan bidang ketahanan nasional sebagai isi pendidikan kewarganegaraan persekolahan.Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data informan dengan teknik purposive sampling, dokumen dan kepustakaan yang relevan. Data dikumpulkan dan diolah dengan cara wawancara mendalam, FGD, observasi, dan studi dokumen. Validitas data dilakukan melalui proses trianggulasi sumber dan metode. Data dianalisis melalui reduksi data, pemyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan.Penelitian ini menemukan rumusan tentang deskripsi isi pendidikan kewarganegaraan berdasarkan isu aktual bidang ketahanan nasional yaitu tentang isu-isu ipoleksosbudhankam berupa kajian kompetensi dasar yang diterjemahkan menjadi indikator-indikator untuk mencapai tujuan dari kompetensi dasar tersebut. Berdasarkan analisis data, diperlukan kajian isu aktual ketahanan nasional untuk mendukung isi pendidikan kewarganegaraan persekolahan
Development of an Entrepreneurial Small Business’ (Abler by Robomedika’s) Strategic Plan by Shortened Systematic Strategic Planning (SSP)—Case Study
Authors: Butuner Dr. Hakan , Aslan Sinem Yilmaz , Koklu Ahmet
Published: March 2019

As many sources exhort managers to “think strategically”, only a few addresses how to make this happen. Shortened Systematic Strategic Planning (SSP) consists of a pattern of step-wise procedure for straight-forward planning, and the fundamentals involved in any strategic planning project. The use of shortened SSP is more suitable for the development of strategic plans for small- and medium-size businesses. SSP has been applied to and tested on different businesses’ subject issue and has been generated by the composition of the cause-and-effect relations of them.

The intention here is to provide a new perspective and benefit for the strategic planners by introducing this new systematic methodology and demonstrating its implementation on an entrepreneurial and new business called Abler. Accordingly, let shortened version of SSP easily understood and universally applied to any small- and medium-size businesses. You are guided how to identify in what circumstances you might use its specific tools and how to target them directly at achieving effective results. The data that are used in this case are fictitious and only help for this study. Though, the given case does not cover all the steps of a typical SSP and use all the recommended techniques, it still reflects the basics.
Asociaciones fósiles dominadas por microbialita provenientes de los olistolitos Cipit de Alpe di Specie y Misurina en la Formación San Cassiano (Triásico Medio - Superior, Dolomitas, NE de Italia)
Authors: Sánchez-Beristain Francisco , Reitner Joachim
Published: March 2019

En este trabajo se describen cuatro nuevas asociaciones fósiles provenientes de la Formación San Cassiano (Ladiniense–Carniense, Dolomitas, NE de Italia), basándonos en treinta láminas delgadas elaboradas a partir de 10 calizas Cipit. Éstas son olistolitos que se desprendieron de las plataformas Cassianas hacia sedimentos contemporáneos de cuenca, siendo así relictos de ambientes “arrecifales”, o similares a arrecifes. Todas las muestras provienen de la Fossillagerstätte de San Cassiano. Las asociaciones fósiles fueron determinadas por medio de análisis de microfacies utilizando conteo de puntos y estimación visual y con ayuda de métodos estadísticos, tomando como base todas las fracciones con una importancia biológica (biomorfos y microbialitas). Se efectuaron análisis de clústeres en modo Q, acoplando tres algoritmos y dos índices. En todos los análisis, las principales fracciones son microbialitas (en promedio 75%) y macrofósiles (un promedio del 20%), en tanto que los cementos y aloquímicos, como alomicrita no representan una fracción importante en los análisis estadísticos.Las asociaciones obtenidas fueron nombradas como se enuncia a continuación: Asociación quetétido–microencostrante, Asociación microbialita–microencostrante, Asociación microbialítica dual y Asociación Microbialita–Terebella, respectivamente.Las características del paleoambiente del que provienen las asociaciones son discutidas por separado, tomando como base el contenido fósil y de microbialita. Los microencostrantes fueron de gran utilidad para la determinación de las condiciones de energía y luminosidad. Los resultados, considerando tanto la abundancia y diversidad de microencostrantes, en conjunto con la conspicuidad de microbialitas, indican que todas las asociaciones provienen de un ambiente profundo o de uno críptico.
Alteraciones en el tracto urinario durante la infección con Proteus mirabilis que expresa la toxina codificada en plásmido (Pet)
Authors: Espinosa-Antúnez Violeta K. , Castrillón-Rivera Laura E. , Vega-Memije María E. , Valenzuela-Vargas María Teresa , Sainz-Espuñes Teresita , Luna-Herrera Julieta , Castañeda-Sánchez Jorge I.
Published: March 2019

La toxina Pet (plasmid-encoded toxin) producida por Escherichia coli (EAEC) es uno de los autotransportadores más estudiados en la familia Enterobacteriaceae.Es responsable de cambios morfológicos enenterocitos durante la infección por EAEC. Recientemente, Pet fue encontrada en el genoma de una cepa de Proteus mirabilis RTX339 [P. mirabilis (Pet+)]. P. mirabilis causa infección en el tracto urinario (ITU) en pacientes que usan catéteres o que presentan anomalías estructurales o funcionales. En este estudio una ITU con P. mirabilis (Pet+) fue inducida en ratones hembras BALB/c. Los ratones infectados con P. mirabilis (Pet+) muestran una colonización bacteriana en vejiga y riñón desde el segundo hasta el día decimo de la infección. Los cambios morfológicos fueron evidenciados por histología. Se observaron múltiples células exfoliadas del epitelio de transición de la vejiga, así como alteraciones morfológicas en la corteza renal. Se confirmó la presencia de Pet en las células exfoliadas y en las del parénquima por microscopíaconfocal. Las alteraciones del citoesqueleto fueron observadas en los sitios donde se detectó Pet. La toxina Pet expresada por la cepa de P. mirabilis (Pet+) contribuye a la patogenicidad y afecta tejidos urinarios durante el curso de la infección.
Efectos clínicos del tratamiento con hidroxiurea en pacientes de 3 a 17 años, con diagnóstico de anemia falciforme Hospital Infantil Dr. Robert Reid Cabral, período Septiembre 2009-2015 Santo Domingo, República Dominicana
Authors: Urcuyo Gabriela , Sánchez Luisanna
Published: March 2019

Objetivo: Analizar los efectos clínicos de la hidroxiurea, demostrada como la única terapia modificadora de la anemia falciforme.

Método: El presente estudio es de carácter observacional y descriptivo. Población: 210 pacientes con anemia falciforme bajo terapia con hidroxiurea. Muestra: muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia, constituida por los pacientes de la población que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión (92 pacientes).

Resultados: De los pacientes estudiados (100%); el 87% fueron falcémicos HbSS, que empezaron su terapia entre los 3 y 9 años (60%), con un número promedio de cinco seguimientos en 1-2 años de terapia. Se observó una reducción importante (51%) (p<0.00001) en el número total de crisis posterior al tratamiento con hidroxiurea, y reducción de ingresos hospitalarios (57%) (p=0.000019) y número de transfusiones sanguíneas (84%) (p=0.000033). Más tiempo con la terapia se traduce en: aumento Hb y VCM, disminución de leucocitos y plaquetas, y una variación dentro de los límites de los perfiles hepático y renal.

Discusión y conclusiones: La hidroxiurea es bien tolerada, segura y eficaz, demostrando reducción significativa en el número de crisis, transfusiones sanguíneas y hospitalizaciones, así como aumento de la hemoglobina y VCM. No se documentaron efectos secundarios importantes.
Editorial
Authors: Morla Elbi
Published: March 2019

No precisa de un resumen.
Handwritten Arabic Numeral Character Recognition Using Multi Kernel Support Vector Machine
Authors: Athoillah Muhammad , Putri Rani Kurnia
Published: March 2019

Handwritten recognition is how computer can identify a handwritten character or letter from a document, an image or another source. Recently, many devices provide a feature using handwritten as an input such as laptops, smartphones, and others, affecting handwritten recognition abilities become important thing. As the mother tongue of Muslims, and the only language used in holy book Al Qur’an, therefore recognizing in arabic character is a challenging task. The outcome of that recognizing system has to be quite accurate, the results of the process will impact on the entire process of understanding the Qur’an lesson. Basically handwritten recognition problem is part of classification problem and one of the best algorithm to solve it is Support Vector Machine (SVM). By finding a best separate line and two other support lines between input space data in process of training, SVM can provide the better result than other classify algorithm. Although SVM can solve the classify problem well, SVM must be modified with kernel learning method to be able to classify nonlinear data. However, determining the best kernel for every classification problem is quite difficult. Therefore, some technique have been developed, one of them is Multi Kernel Learning (MKL). This technique works by combining some kernel function to be one kernel with an equation. This framework built an application to recognize handwritten arabic numeral character using SVM algorithm that modified with Kernel Learning Method. The result shows that the application can recognize data well with average value of Accuracy is 84,37%
Efecto de la aplicación de copolímeros sobre el cultivo de lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.)
Authors: Andrada Horacio , Di Barbaro Gabriela
Published: March 2019

La problemática de la producción agrícola en las regiones áridas y semiáridas reside mayormente en la escasez de agua para riego y en la baja calidad de los suelos, por lo cual, es importante buscar alternativas y formas eficientes de manejo de los recursos hídricos en estas regiones en un marco de absoluta racionalidad y sustentabilidad. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la capacidad de retención hídrica del copolímero de acrilamida y acrilato de potasio, como mejorador de la implantación y crecimiento de un cultivo de lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.) bajo condiciones controladas. Se compararon dos tratamientos con dosis de 25 y 50 kg. ha-1 versus un testigo de control, con el fin de determinar si el uso de dicha enmienda mejoraba la producción del cultivo. Se evalúa con la emergencia, la supervivencia, el peso fresco y seco de la parte aérea del cultivo y el contenido de humedad del suelo. Las respuestas fueron positivas para la aplicación de la enmienda en la dosis menor dado que aumentó la emergencia de plántulas, supervivencia, crecimiento y en consecuencia su rendimiento, como asítambién el contenido de humedad del suelo. En conclusión, la aplicación de 25 kg. ha-1 del copolímero en el establecimiento del cultivo de lechuga, mejoró el crecimiento e incrementó su rendimiento.
Metabolic and reproductive response to energy supplementation in dairy cows in tropical highlands
Authors: David M. Diana Milena , Campos Gaona Rómulo , Apráez José Edmundo , Vélez Terranova Mauricio , Zambrano B. Gema Lucia
Published: March 2019

Dairy farms of the department of Nariño present nutritional concerns, especially in the transition period and early lactation, because of the energy imbalance of the diets, which causes deficiencies in the productive and reproductive activity of the cows. According to the above, the main idea was to study the metabolic behavior in the transition period and early lactation of dairy cows supplemented energetically with bypass fat in the tropical highlands of Nariño (Colombia), 21 cows (Holstein x Simmental cross) of second and third lactation period were selected. They were distributed in three treatments with seven animals each; the control treatment (T1) received a base diet (forage + concentrate) without fat supplementation; the second treatment (T2) had a base diet plus 250 g/day of bypass fat and the third (T3) had a base diet plus 250 g/day bypass fat enriched with omega 3. The experimental period ranged between days 15 of prepartum to day 105 of lactation, with an interval of 15 days among sampling. To evaluate the matabolyc performance, we evaluated in serum: non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), betahydroxybutyrate (BHB), cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, total proteins, albumin, BUN, and globulins. In addition, body condition and reproductive behavior were determined. The results indicated that there was no efect of treatments on metabolic performance, body condition, and reproductive activity. The energy indicators showed no changes, indicating an adequate supply energy supply in the diet; however, in the metabolites associated to nitrogen, differences in protein were observed. The values found in the variables, constitute a reference of the behavior and the nutritional conditions of the dairy farms in the region.
Indonesian approaches to perception of the international relations and worldwide policy
Authors: Ponka Tatyana Ivanovna , Sibarani Maria Nova , Kuklin Nikita Sergeevich
Published: March 2019

In this article authors analyze sources and bases of political culture of Indonesia, reveal features of national approaches to the international relations, and also consider inﬂuence of national peculiarities on the international relations and foreign policy perception in Indonesia. The relevance of the study is due to a low degree of research of the inﬂuence of political culture, ideas, traditions and ideologies on the Indonesian foreign policy. The purpose of the research is to identify the characteristics and to analyze the development of Indonesian political thinking, the ideological and conceptual foreign policy foundations. This article is an interdisciplinary paper at the junction of the theory and history of international relations, cultural studies, sociology, ethnology. The authors apply a combination of system, comparative and historical (historical-genetic) method. Also, the authors rely on the school of constructivism in international relations. The results of the study are presented in the form of conclusions containing analysis of the inﬂuence of ideological, ethnic and political factors on the perception of international relations and world political processes by Indonesian society.
Prostasomas: búsqueda de biomarcadores para la detección temprana del cáncer prostático
Authors: García Manuela Antonia , Rueda Julieth , Pedroza-Díaz Johanna
Published: March 2019

El cáncer de próstata es la segunda enfermedad más diagnosticada en hombres a nivel mundial, con una tasa de mortalidad creciente en los últimos años. Actualmente, se cuenta con dos pruebas de detección temprana: la medición de los niveles en sangre del antígeno prostático específico y el tacto rectal de la próstata. Sin embargo, estas pruebas no presentan óptima especificidad y sensibilidad para su detección. Aunque diferentes estudios han buscado nuevos biomarcadores mediante la implementación de tecnologías, como secuenciación de nueva generación, espectrometría de masas, entre otras, aún persisten las mismas desventajas, por lo que no les ha permitido a estos su uso en la práctica clínica; razón por la cual, el descubrimiento de nuevos biomarcadores para el diagnóstico de cáncer de próstata, constituye un desafío para la comunidad científica. Los prostasomas corresponden a vesículas extracelulares secretadas por el tejido prostático normal o tumoral que pueden ser detectadas en diferentes fluidos. Estructuralmente, los prostasomas difieren de otros exosomas, por su tamaño, composición de membrana y contenido específico de proteínas, lo que los convierten en una fuente potencial y novedosa de biomarcadores clínicos. En este contexto, esta revisión presenta un panorama general de los biomarcadores proteicos, aislados desde prostasomas presentes en diferentes fluidos biológicos, para el posible diagnóstico de cáncer de próstata. Para ello se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en PubMed para estudios en proteómica para cáncer de próstata, con criterios como: vesículas extracelulares, exosomas y prostasomas, asimismo, sangre, orina, líquido seminal, entre otras muestras biológicas.
Caracterización magnética de material compuesto con matriz de resina epoxi y llanta en desuso reforzado con magnetita en diferentes proporciones
Authors: Salinas Tacumá Felix Enrique , Landinez Téllez David Arsenio , Garzón Posada Andrés Orlando , Roa Rojas Jairo
Published: March 2019

Este trabajo describe la producción y caracterización magnética de un compuesto a base de resina epoxi y caucho pulverizado reforzado con magnetita (𝐹𝑒3𝑂4) en polvo. Además, se presenta el análisis realizado a los compuestos en función de la carga magnética dentro de la matriz polimérica. Las propiedades magnéticas del material se realizaron a diferentes temperaturas en un rango magnético de -30000 a 30000 0e. La morfología tanto de los precursores como de los compuestos fue determinada por microscopía electrónica de barrido (MEB) y la caracterización estructural fue realizada por difracción de rayos X (DRX). El patrón de difracción obtenido en las mediciones de DRX permite observar que, con la adición de magnetita en polvo en la matriz plástica, se crea una transición amorfo-cristalina en el material. A través de las imágenes obtenidas por MEB se observa la presencia de hematita en el precursor (𝐹𝑒3𝑂4) y un tamaño irregular en las muestras. Los compuestos se comportan como un material magnético blando y presenta cambios en la variación de la fuerza coercitiva, tanto con el incremento de temperatura como con la variación de porcentaje de volumen de magnetita en la matriz polimérica. El material fabricado puede ser utilizado en aplicaciones donde el compuesto debe ser fácilmente detectable.
Resource complementarities in R&D network for innovation performance: evidence from the agricultural sector in Brazil and Spain
Authors: Dias Cleidson Nogueira , Hoffmann Valmir Emil , Martínez-Fernández María Teresa
Published: March 2019

This article deals with interorganizational networks for the development of technologies and innovation, the sharing of resources to generate competitive advantages, and the complementarity of resources within the context of interorganizational relations. The aim was to establish the relationship between the complementarity of resources in networks and innovation performance. This research used qualitative comparative analysis and content analysis to investigate 25 networks in the agrobusiness sector in Brazil and Spain. Findings revealed that there is complementarity among resources in a network created to innovate; to produce innovation a combination of resources in the networks is necessary, there is a country effect on the resources set connected to innovation, the network is a structure that favors innovation development but its ‘management’ is essential to achieving success.
Når man køber en idé uden at forstå den
Authors: Beyer Peter
Published: March 2019

Denne artikel er en opfølgning på casebeskrivelsen ”Kampen om den organisatoriske selvfortælling” (find den her: https://rauli.cbs.dk/index.php/SiS/article/download/5567/6184), hvor der blev stillet en række en række spørgsmål til læserne. Artiklen her giver en række mulige svar på de stillede spørgsmål, samt en kort gennemgang af den teori, der fører frem til de givne svar.
The role of equity stakes and industry expertise in mitigating the risk of financial distress. Are private equity sponsors really better than other types of owners?
Authors: Marini Vladimiro , Caratelli Massimo , Barbaraci Ilaria
Published: March 2019

We study whether Private Equity acquirers (sponsors) are long-term oriented with their Leveraged Buyout (LBO) European targets. These temporary acquisitions aim to restore the target’s value and to provide a capital gain to the sponsor. The performance-based reputation of the sponsor could incentivize the latter to value capture at the expense of the target rather than value creation. Since LBOs are highly-levered transactions and sponsors are active investors, we study how corporate governance mechanisms, namely equity stakes and enhanced industry expertise, affect the target’s risk of financial distress (Altman’s Z-score; O-score; Zmijewski-Score). Studying a 2013-2016 sample of 307 firms (targets and non-LBO firms), with a linear regression we find that sponsors, compared to other types of ownership, make a better use of equity stakes and industry experts to improve strategic planning and ultimately to mitigate the risk of financial distress of the target; however, results do not completely exclude that sponsors use these corporate governance mechanisms also for value capture, especially by opportunistic uses of assets rather than an inefficient use of leverage. These findings are useful to targets, investors in PE-LBO funds, and regulators.
Accounting values and metrics for the sustainable exploitation of intangible heritage assets related to food and agriculture
Authors: Cipullo Nadia
Published: March 2019

The objective of the paper is to show how accounting can be useful in order to determine the value for historical Traditional Knowledge (intangible heritage related to food and agriculture uses and traditions) (having a cultural other than an economic value), to preserve it for future generations and to report it to local stakeholders, in order to grant the economic, social and environmental sustainability of the entire community to which this knowledge “belongs” to. Given the difficulty to assess its economic other than cultural value, the sustainable management of this type of intangible asset requires a structured reporting to stakeholders, interpreted in terms of Integrated Reporting (IR). So, financial and non-financial reporting is central in order to preserve this knowledge and to allow the sustainable development of the firms.
Shareholder`s rights and remedies related to corporate governance principles
Authors: Karatepe Kaya Meltem
Published: March 2019

The concept of corporate governance is not new but, due to the international financial crisis, it has become prominent in contemporary business, accounting and legal debates. Corporate governance is being readdressed to regain investors` confidence and decrease the risk of the re-occurrence of corporate failures (Kirkpatrick, 2009). The presence of a good corporate governance structure is the proper protection of and respect for the rights and interests of shareholders, particularly those of minority shareholders (Yurtoglu, 2003). The protection of minority shareholders is not only a corporate governance objective in its own right but also has added importance particularly in developing countries
The relationship between minority directors and earnings management: An empirical analysis in the Italian institutional setting
Authors: Moscariello Nicola , Fera Pietro
Published: March 2019

This study focuses on a specific category of independent directors, namely the independent directors nominated by minority shareholders and analyzes the effectiveness of independent minority directors in preventing earnings management activities. In particular, this paper analyzes the Italian context as it offers an ideal setting to examine the relationship between minority directors and earnings quality
Diversity principles in Italian corporate governance: Recent developments and future perspectives
Authors: Stanzione Daniele
Published: March 2019

The provision and application of diversity principles in the composition of both the board of directors and board of auditors of listed companies is currently widespread in the whole European context. While the first legislative (or regulatory) actions have basically concerned the demographic diversity profile – i.e. were aimed at ensure that a certain percentage of the board composition would belong to the less represented gender – the recent developments aspire also to achieve a successful outcome from the cognitive diversity point of view, namely a proper and suitable diversity in terms of educational and professional path of the board members