bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Results of cytological examination of bone marrow aspirates in patients with HIV infection and cytopenia in correlation with viral load
Authors: Kalashnikova Darya V. , Mordyk Anna V. , Puzyreva Larisa V.
Published: April 2022

Aim determination of specific changes in the bone marrow in patients with HIV infection and cytopenia, depending on the viral load.
Material and methods. We analysed myelograms of patients with HIV infection and cytopenia. All patients had bicytopenia or pancytopenia in the hemogram.
Results. In patients with a viral load over 100 001 copies/ml, the hypocellularity of each of the hematopoietic cell line was significantly more often observed, hypercellularity was recorded only in the myelograms of patients with a viral load of less than 100 001 copies/ml. When assessing the signs of myelodysplasia in the bone marrow, changes in the megakaryocyte lineage (the formation of naked cells, dysmegakaryocytopoiesis) were typical for patients with a viral load of less than 10 000 copies/ml. Signs of dysplasia of the granulocytic lineage are more often determined in patients with a viral load of more than 100 001 copies/ml.
Extrasystolic arrhythmia: is it an additional risk factor of cryptogenic stroke?
Authors: Germanova Olga A. , Germanov Andrei V. , Shchukin Yurii V. , Galati Giuseppe
Published: April 2022

Aim to study the development of ischemic stroke (IS) or transient ischemic attack (TIA) in patients with extrasystoles (ES), depending on the moment of ES ventricular systole occurrence in cardiocycle.
Material and methods. The study group included 440 patients with ES 700 per day; the control group consisted of 88 patients with ES 700 per day. The following instrumental and laboratory methods were used: echocardiography, Doppler ultrasound of brachiocephalic arteries, 24-hours ECG monitoring, digital sphygmography of common carotid arteries; CT or MRI of the brain; lipid spectrum. The study group was divided into two subgroups according to the moment of ES ventricular systole occurrence in cardiocycle, regardless of ectopia: subgroup 1 120 patients with ES before the transmitral blood flow peak; subgroup 2 320 patients with ES after the transmitral blood flow peak. We analyzed the development of stroke or TIA during 1 year.
Results. For most parameters, subgroups 1, 2 and the control group were identical. The important differences were registered in the hemodynamic and kinetic parameters of common carotid arteries. The earlier the ES ventricular systole occurred in cardiocycle, the higher increase of the parameters was observed. During one year of follow-up, stroke and TIA occurred more frequently in subgroup 1.
Conclusion. ES is an additional risk factor for stroke. The most dangerous is ES with ventricular systole occurrence before transmitral blood flow peak. The wave of the 1st post-extrasystolic contraction causes additional trauma of arterial wall and can become a key factor for instability of atherosclerotic plaques with their defragmentation, embolism and stroke.
Fragmented QRS complex as a marker of myocardial fibrosis in patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Gordeeva Mariya S. , Parmon Elena V. , Karlina Veronika A. , Ryzhkova Darya V.
Published: April 2022

Aim– to analyze the relationship between fQRS and myocardial fibrosis in CAD patients using SPECT.
Material and methods.Retrospectively, we have analyzed the anamnesis and examinations of 116 patients with suspected coronary heart disease. The fQRS was assessed according to the criteria of Das M. et al., 2006, along with the presence of a pathological Q wave and a slow increase in the amplitude of the R wave. We analysed the transient myocardial ischemia and/or myocardial scarring using stress/rest SPECT with technetium-99m.
Results.fQRS was significantly more frequently detected in patients with stable and partially reversible perfusion defects – 44.1% and 52.2%, respectively, versus 13.0% and 5.5% in patients without perfusion defects or with reversible perfusion defects, p 0.05. Among 28 patients with QRS fragmentation and myocardial fibrosis, 19 (67.8%) had classical signs of fibrosis on the ECG, 9 (32.1%) had no ECG-registered fibrosis but fQRS was detected. The sensitivity of fQRS marker in detecting myocardial fibrosis reached 84.4%, the specificity was 63.3%.
Conclusion.fQRS complex is an informative marker for detecting myocardial scarring in patients with coronary artery disease. Analysis of fQRS in daily clinical practice may increase the diagnostic value of electrocardiography in the detection of fibrosis.
Research on Mechanism of Building Synergistic Competitive Advantages of Industries in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area
Authors: Chen Chiou-Wen
Published: April 2022

The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is positioned as the most active bay with a high technological level and the strongest innovation capabilities in the global market. As the cities in the Greater Bay Area are pursuing the integration of management, technology, and enterprise innovation, and emphasizing the development of collaborative innovation, it is important at present to effectively promote the high-quality development of the regional economy and industry. Thus, we apply the basic concepts of industrial theories in the methods of research and summarize four aspects to explore the research topic. We find that leading companies need to be given the responsibility of building an industrial ecosystem and realizing self-evolution through digital transformation in creating a niche for disruptive innovation and development. Furthermore, enterprises need to form industrial chain clusters through the extensional development method of investment and M&A. In addition, enterprises need to build a new industrial aircraft carrier through collaborative competition to realize the expansion of the industrial ecology of the Greater Bay Area in the future.
Transaksi Jual Beli dengan Bitcoin Perspektif Fiqh Muamalah
Authors: Feliyani Nani , Ardiyanto Muhammad Hery
Published: April 2022

Bitcoin is an online payment system of peer-to-peer electronic money that is sent directly from one party to another without going through a financial institution. Bitcoin has characteristics as a currency or medium of exchange because it is accepted as a means of payment by its community. However, there will be a lot of hope that can happen to bitcoin users, namely because bitcoin is al-jahalah (unclear) will cause an element of fraud in buying and selling with bitcoin. So the purpose in this study is to find out how fiqh review is muamalah on buying and selling transactions with bitcoin. This research is qualitative literature (library research). Data collection methods use documentation and data analysis using deductive analysis techniques. The results of this study show that the practice of buying and selling with bitcoin is either aimed at the needs of exchange tools or investment businesses, especially in online financial transactions including from syubhat, and something that syubhat should be abandoned, because it does not bring benefits at once that is the purpose of Islamic sharia, namely its own benefits will not be realized.
Aktualisasi Nilai-Nilai Pendidikan Islam pada Surat Al-Alaq Ayat 1-5 dalam Pembelajaran Agama Islam
Authors: Adib M. Afiqul
Published: April 2022

This study aims to examine the surah al-Alaq verses 1-5 about the virtues of reading, writing, investigating, examining, and including all work for the sake of Allah. In addition, this research will also look for the values ​​of Islamic education contained therein and how to actualize them in learning. This type of research is library research with the data analysis technique used is content analysis. The collection of library materials and the object of discussion under study were made coherently and then re-examined with one another with a predetermined framework. In this study, it was found that Surah al-Alaq verses 1-5 contain three values ​​of Islamic education. These values ​​are Aqidah Education to strengthen belief and faith, Shari'a Education as a guide to facilitate carrying out Allah's commands, and Moral Education as the actualization of carrying out His commands. This first revelation can be used as a guide when the learning process is in accordance with the existing stages.
Analisis Peraturan Pencegahan Kekerasan Seksual di Perguruan Tinggi dalam Tinjauan Al-Qur’an dan Hadis
Authors: Alfi Musonnif , Sholekhah Zahara Baqiyatus , Baroroh Sunanul
Published: April 2022

Regulation of the Minister of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology Number 30 of 2021 concerning the prevention of sexual violence in Higher Education arises because there are many cases of sexual harassment that occur in the Higher Education environment and there is no specific law to handle it. On the other hand, the majority of the population of Indonesia is Muslim, with the main teachings being the Koran and Hadith which also prohibit adultery and sexual violence. On this basis, this study aims to analyze Permendikbudristek Number 30 of 2021 in terms of the perspective of Islam. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with analytical techniques using content analysis. The primary source of research data refers to Permendikbudristek Number 30 of 2021 while secondary data is obtained through scientific journals, books, national news, and phenomena circulating in the community. The results of this study indicate that Permendikbudristek Number 30 of 2021 is not in accordance with Islamic teachings so that a review is needed so that Permendikbudristek is in line with and does not conflict with Islamic teachings contained in the Koran and Hadith.
Moderasi Beragama Nahdlatul Ulama dan Muhammadiyah dalam Konsep Islam Nusantara dan Islam Berkemajuan
Authors: Nasikhin Nasikhin , Raaharjo Raharjo , Nasikhin Nasikhin
Published: April 2022

This study aims to determine the religious moderation teachings of Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) and Muhammadiyah in the concepts of Nusantara Islam and Progressive Islam and their relation to the verses of the Qur'an. The type of research is literature study with a qualitative approach that describes and analyzes library data, in the form of books, journals, magazines, and news relevant to the research theme. The results showed that; first, the teachings of religious moderation in NU are illustrated through the jargon of Islam Nusantara, while Muhammadiyah is through Progressive Islam. Second, the alternation of religious moderation between NU and Muhammadiyah is related to the Koranic verse, namely they both uphold an attitude of peace (Al Baqarah: 143), help each other (Al-Maidah: 2), and obey the leader (Annisa 59). Third, the symbol of religious moderation of NU and Muhammadiyah is more directed to pluralistic values ​​that are in accordance with the context of Islam in Indonesia which is plural so that it does not conflict with the contents of the QS. Al-Hujurat Paragraph 13. This research can be used as a means of expanding views so that people think more intelligently and clearly, and avoid acts of violence that are very contrary to Wasathiyah values.
Estudo preliminar da elaboração do fermentado de abacaxi com adição de hortelã
Authors: Diógenes Bianca Cavalcante , Melo Ricardo Paulo Fonseca , Oliveira Marcelo Nascimento de Morais , Carmo Shirlene Kelly Santos
Published: April 2022

Em virtude de seu clima favorável, o Nordeste brasileiro apresenta grande potencial para a produção de frutas tropicais, porém, em períodos de safra, há um alto desperdício de boa parte desses frutos. Dessa forma, muitos destes não podem ser comercializados nas condições em que são colhidos. O abacaxi (Ananas comosus (L.) Merril) é um fruto tropical, adaptável a condições de baixa umidade, e cerca de 35% da produção desse fruto é localizada na região Nordeste. Compreendido em sua composição por sais (cálcio, fósforo, magnésio, potássio, sódio, cobre e iodo) e vitaminas (C, A, B1, B2 e niacina), proporciona elevado potencial nutritivo ao organismo. Uma alternativa para a redução do desperdício dessas frutas, em seu período de safra, pode ser a produção de fermentados. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo realizar a produção do fermentado de abacaxi com a adição de hortelã, como forma de analisar como a adição da hortelã interfere no sabor e no aroma do fermentado, bem como suas características físico-químicas. Ao término do processo, obteve-se um fermentado com teor alcoólico de 11,2% e um rendimento do processo de fermentação de 89,3%. Na análise sensorial observou-se que a quantidade de hortelã adicionada não se mostrou destacada. Ainda assim, o produto obteve boa aceitação perante os avaliadores.
The Pedophile as a Human Being: An Autoethnography for the Recognition of a Marginalized Sexual Orientation
Authors: Vaerwaeter (pseudonym) Brecht
Published: April 2022

By the general public and in the media, pedophilia as a sexual orientation is systematically confused with sexual abuse of minors. Neurological research supports the idea that pedophilia is an innate sexual orientation, and that is how pedophiles, in the sense of ‘minor-attracted persons,’ experience it themselves. The stigma attached to pedophilia as a sexual orientation ensures that pedophiles live in emotional isolation and that young people with pedophilic feelings have nowhere to turn with their doubts and fears. However, pedophiles are not destined to abuse children, and more openness about living with pedophilia can actually prevent child sexual abuse. In this article, based on an autoethnography, I want to provide more insight into what it means to grow up and live with a pedophilic orientation, and I want to make a case for turning the pedophile into a human being again.
“Men” and “Women” in Everyday English
Authors: Jarvis Edward
Published: April 2022

What kind of distinction are the words “men” and “women” used to mark in everyday English—one of biological sex, social role, or something else, such as gender identity? Consensus on this question would clarify and thereby improve public discussions about the relative interests of transgender and cisgender people, where the same sentence can seem to some to state an obvious truth but to others a logical or metaphysical impossibility (“Transwomen are women” and “Some men have cervixes” are topical examples). It is with this in view that I report here the results of five recent surveys.
Figleaves Right and Left: A Case-Study of Viewpoint Diversity Applied to the Philosophy of Language
Authors: Turri John
Published: April 2022

This paper investigates a linguistic device that was only recently proposed, the figleaf, whose function is to prevent a bigoted statement from being interpreted as bigoted. Previous research on figleaves focused on examples of speech by conservative politicians, commentators, and their supporters. My main contributions here are coverage of figleaves across a wider range of the political spectrum and an enhanced taxonomy of figleaves, which can sharpen our theoretical understanding of the psychological and social mechanisms that facilitate bigoted speech. In light of important recent developments in the social and psychological sciences, this paper also illustrates some benefits of incorporating viewpoint diversity into philosophical research on controversial social and political topics.
The Fatal Conceit: Swedish Education after Nazism
Authors: Heller-Sahlgren Gabriel , Wennström Johan
Published: April 2022

In the aftermath of the Second World War, Sweden dismantled an education system that was strongly influenced by German, Neo-Humanist pedagogical principles in favor of a progressive, student-centered system. This article suggests this was in large part due to a fatal misinterpretation of the education policy on which Nazism was predicated. Contrary to scholarly and popular belief, Nazi schools were not characterized by discipline and run top-down by teachers. In fact, the Nazis encouraged a nationwide youth rebellion in schools. Many Nazi leaders had themselves experienced the belligerent, child-centered war pedagogy of 1914–1918 rather than a traditional German education. Yet, Swedish school reformers came to regard Neo-Humanism as a fulcrum of the Third Reich. The article suggests this mistake paved the way for a school system that inadvertently came to share certain traits with the true educational credo of Nazism and likely contributed to Sweden’s recent educational decline.
A Quandary of Wokeness
Authors: Fiocco M. Oreste
Published: April 2022

Being woke, that is, being aware of the appalling injustices borne by many in American society because of certain identities or features and wanting to act to redress these injustices, seems to put one in a quandary: either one can accept a role in the struggle against injustice that seems obviously inefficacious or, if one insists on doing more, one must, it seems, engage in epistemic imperialism, thereby wronging some of those one is endeavoring to help.
Discounting Females, Denying Sex, and Disregarding Dangers from Self-ID—A Reply and a Defense of Open Debate
Authors: Burt Callie H.
Published: April 2022

In this article, I reply to comments on my 2020 article “Scrutinizing the Equality Act,” where I express support for the aims of the US Equality Act—providing federal non-discrimination protections to LGBT+ individuals—but opposition to its form. As currently formulated, the US Equality Act would extend federal non-discrimination protections to LGBT+ individuals by redefining “sex” to “include sexual orientation and gender identity” and thereby eliminate sex-based provisions and the protected nature of women’s spaces. My article aimed to stimulate a more balanced discussion around gender self-identification policies that considers both females and transgender people. Here, I reply to published critiques with the goal of correcting misunderstandings and clarifying the complex, contested sociopolitical arguments presented in my article. Framing this issue within the broader creeping illiberal campaign of conformism and censorship in the academy, I, following others, emphasize the crucial role of open, critical dialogue in advancing science and promoting democracy. In that spirit, I echo calls for feminists and others to push back against censorship and engage with sensitive, controversial issues, including but not limited to deficiencies in the US Equality Act.
Philosophical Reflections on “the Filthiest, Dirtiest, Nastiest Word in the English Language”1
Authors: Burgess-Jackson Keith
Published: April 2022

When, if ever, is it morally permissible to utter the word “joker”? (NB: The word “joker” is a placeholder for another word, the mere utterance of which certain people find unsettling or offensive. See the prolegomenon of this article for an explanation.) After drawing some relevant distinctions (such as that between use and mention), I provide counterexamples to two extreme theses: first, that it is always wrong (i.e., never morally permissible) to utter the word; and second, that it is never wrong (i.e., always morally permissible) to utter the word. It follows that it is sometimes right and sometimes wrong to utter the word. I then examine three plausible principles for distinguishing between those utterances of the word that are right and those that are wrong. Each principle, I maintain, succumbs to counterexamples. I therefore advocate (i) abandonment of a principled (monistic) approach to the matter and (ii) adoption, instead, of a non-principled (pluralistic) approach. The pluralistic approach that I develop is inspired by the work of William David Ross (1877–1971).
CHANGES IN SOME HAEMATOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN LOCAL BLACK GOATS DURING PREGNANCY
Authors: Bamerny Araz O. , Barwary Mwafaq S. , Alkass Jalal E.
Published: April 2022

The present study was aimed to assess and determine the effects of pregnancy on some biochemical and haematological parameters. This experiment was conducted using 16 pregnant of known gestational period and 4 non-pregnant does raised at commercial farm. Results revealed a non-significant differences between pregnant and non-pregnant does for all studied traits. With the advances of pregnancy, it was noticed an increase (P<0.05) in PCV, Hb, AST, ALT, Glucose and Cholesterol and a decrease in total protein and globulin. In conclusion, it can be indicated that physiological status impacts the traits under consideration.
Sustainable water resources management under population growth and agricultural development in the Kheirabad river basin, Iran
Authors: Layani Ghasem , Bakhshoodeh Mohammad , Zibaei Mansour , Viaggi Davide
Published: April 2022

In this study, an integrated system dynamics model was developed for scenario analysis in sub-sectors of the Kheirabad River Basin in southwestern Iran where managing water resources is seriously challenging due to population growth and periodic drought. Afterward, the variability of water demand and supply under baseline scenario and different water demand management policies, including water conservation and water pricing, was evaluated. Findings illustrated that with increasing population and cropland area if no further demand management policies were implemented, the total water demand and withdrawal of water resources increase by more than 0.75% annually. The annual surface water availability during 2018-2030 is expected to decrease by around -1.23%. Under these circumstances, the sustainability index of the water resources system is equal to 0.703, indicating that the water system would not be able to meet the total water demand in the near future. However, the water resource sustainability index increases significantly by improving irrigation efficiency and changing crop patterns at the basin. Also, the reduction in per capita water demand and domestic water pricing under the competition structure would help to improve the sustainability index to 0.963 and 0.749, respectively.
Understanding the bioeconomy: a new sustainability economy in British and European public discourse
Authors: Sotiropoulou Irene , Deutz Pauline
Published: April 2022

Over the past decade, the term bioeconomy has emerged in both policy and academic discourse. Implying a technology-driven approach to wealth generation from organic materials, the term has taken hold with so far limited critical engagement. It is a contestable rather than contested term. Noting the rise of numerous other ‘economies’ (blue, green, circular) on a similar timeframe, this paper undertakes a critical discourse analysis of academic literature and UK/EU policy documents using the term ‘bioeconomy’ to produce a contextualised understanding of how it is used in both theoretical and practical contexts. Our analysis shows that bioeconomy, as with the other ‘sustainability’ economies, which we term the ‘S-economies’, prioritises the economy and the markets as the solution brokers for the environmental and economic problems they seek to address. The apparent fragmentation of the theory and policy concerning the environmental sustainability of economic activity is expressed through the variability of terms that aspire to establish multiple economies functioning at the same time. Limited empirical analysis of the existing ‘bioeconomy’ is symptomatic of the dissociation between theory and practice, emphasizing technological approaches favouring capital intensive approaches over local solutions. The S-economies, including the bioeconomy, are an attempt to bypass economic structural realities that otherwise would need to be addressed.
The effect of farmer attitudes on openness to land transactions: evidence for Ireland
Authors: Geoghegan Cathal , Kinsella Anne , O'Donoghue Cathal
Published: April 2022

Ireland suffers from very low levels of farmland mobility by European standards. This paper examines the role of attitudes in farmers’ openness toward land transactions using a nationally representative survey of Irish farmers across the major farm systems. The results show that attitudinal factors are a significant predictor of openness to land mobility, both on the supply and demand side of the market. Additionally, there appears to be a greater demand amongst farmers for temporary land transactions such as land leasing arrangements than is currently seen in at market level.
Primary Ovarian Lymphoma in Late Pregnancy: A Case Report
Authors: Moulana Dr. Amna , Tahmoudy Dr. Mohamed El , Ansari Dr. Riyazuddin , shaikh Dr. Bushra Ahmed , Moulana Dr. Arjumand
Published: April 2022

Involvement of the ovary with malignant lymphoma is a well-known late manifestation of disseminated nodal disease. Primary ovarian Burkitt lymphoma is very rare and mainly affects young children. We present a case of a 25-year old woman at 37 weeks pregnant with sporadic Burkitt lymphoma who presented as having ovarian cancer. The patient was managed via elective cesarean section and unilateral oophorectomy. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical stains were carried out, revealing non-Hodgkin B-cell Burkitt lymphoma. After the diagnosis, the patient was referred to the oncology center for chemotherapy.
Hubungan Pengolahan Air Minum dan Pendapatan Keluarga dengan Kejadian Diare Pada Balita di Kecamatan Baturaja Barat Tahun 2021
Authors: Agustia Nency
Published: April 2022

Tujuan: Diketahui hubungan Pengolahan Air Minum dan Pendapatan Keluarga Dengan Kejadian Diare Pada Balita di Kecamatan Baturaja Barat tahun 2021.

Metode: penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survei analitik dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Dimana data variable dependen (Diare) dan variable Independen (pengolahan air minum, pendapatan keluarga) dengan Point Time Approach dan tiap subjek penelitian diukur sekali saja.

Hasil: Responden pengolahan air minum tidak dimasak lebih banyak mengalami diare yaitu 28 responden(50,0%) di bandingkan dengan responden yang di masak dan mengalami diare yaitu 2 responden(11,8%), dan responden pendapatan keluarga <3.000.000 lebih banyak mengalami kejadian diare yaitu 28 responden (50,0%), dibandingkan dengan pendapatan keluarga yang >3.000.000 dan mengalami diare yaitu 2 responden (11,8%). Analisa Chi-square di dapat adanya hubungan pengolahan air minum (p value= 0,012), pendapatan keluarga

(p-value= 0,012) dengan kejadian Diare Pada Balita.

Simpulan: Hubungan pengolahan air minum (p-value=0,012), pendapatan keluarga (p-value=0,012) dengan kejadian diare pada balita. Hipotesa terbukti.
Non-Necrotizing Granulomas in Bone Marrow Biopsy of a Patient with Bicytopenia: Brucellosis Case
Authors: Ciftciler Rafiye , Ozturk Gulfidan
Published: April 2022

Objective: Brucellosis has the ability to mimic a variety of multisystem illnesses, exhibiting a wide range of clinical polymorphism that frequently leads to misdiagnosis and treatment delays, thus raising the risk of complications. In cases of brucellosis, hematologic abnormalities might manifest as anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, lymphomonocytosis, hemolytic anemia, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and pancytopenia.
Material and Methods: In this study, we presented the bone marrow biopsy findings of a brucellosis case.
Case: For ten days, a 19-year-old male patient with fever, exhaustion, weight loss, loss of appetite, and stomach pain was taken to the emergency room. A bone marrow aspiration and biopsy were conducted because of the patient's indications and symptoms. Brucella melitensis was isolated in the blood and bone marrow cultures on the 7th day.
Conclusion: Brucellosis, one of the most common zoonoses in the world and our country, can occur with a wide variety of complications.
Influence of the time of the year on the nutritional value of forage consumed by beef cattle raised on grassland
Authors: Fernandes Geferson Antonio , Assis João Rafael de , Silva Eloiza Baena da , Morales Rafael Laurindo , Costa Fabricio Moreira , Olini Lucas Maciel Gomes , Padilha Vitor Hugo Tadano da Conceição , Nunes Dener , Dias Milene Rodrigues
Published: April 2022

Due to the large territorial dimension used for the practice of livestock activity, Brazil has several pasture ecosystems, in which animals are subjected to different management conditions during their productive life. In this scenario, tropical forages present high production of dry mass, with marked seasonality between the “water”, “drought” and transition seasons. The objective of this work is to carry out a literature review on the interference of the time of year on the nutritional value of forages consumed by beef cattle raised on pasture. Seasonality determines the uneven distribution of forage production throughout the year, causing quantitative and qualitative changes in the chemical composition of pastures, resulting in lower quantity and quality in periods with lower rainfall. As the plant matures, the levels of crude protein, minerals and other components of the cellular content decrease, while those of the cell wall tend to increase, interfering with the digestibility of nutrients in the food. This digestibility will mainly determine the availability of nitrogen compounds in the rumen for microbial growth, as well as the availability of amino acids that reach the small intestine influencing the growth of animals. In this way, the pasture supplementation technique, associated with the deferral of pasture, presents itself as an alternative to low production and forage quality at critical times of production, making it possible to obtain adequate weight gain of the animals at different times of the year, resulting in efficient and sustainable animal production.
The Complicated Economics of Prison Reform
Authors: Pfaff John
Published: April 2022

Two recent books on prison growth directly address the relationship between penal change and economic conditions: Hadar Aviram’s Cheap on Crime and Marie Gottschalk’s Caught. Aviram’s is the more optimistic of the two accounts, arguing that there is at least some potential in an economic-based reform effort. Gottschalk, on the other hand, fears not only that economic-based efforts could fail to lead to significant reforms, but that they could actually make prison life worse for inmates if states cut funding and support without cutting populations. Both books make many provocative points, but both also suffer from some surprising omissions. Ultimately, both books, and Gottschalk’s in particular, are likely too pessimistic about economic-based reform, although for reasons that neither book adequately addresses.

I focus on two major themes in this Review. First, what exactly is the relationship between the current fiscal crisis and prison reform? The second issue I consider is narrower: the impact of private prison firms on prison reform.
Property, Duress, and Consensual Relationships
Authors: Blankfein-Tabachnick David
Published: April 2022

Professor Seana Valentine Shiffrin has produced an exciting new book, Speech Matters: On Lying, Morality, and the Law. Shiffrin’s previous rigorous, careful, and morally sensitive work spans contract law, intellectual property, and the freedoms of association and expression. Speech Matters is in line with Shiffrin’s signature move: we ought to reform our social practices and legal and political institutions to, in various ways, address or accommodate moral values—here, a stringent moral prohibition against lying, a strident principle of promissory fidelity, that is, the principle that one ought to keep one’s promises, and the general value of veracity. The book grows out of Shiffrin’s Hempel Lectures at Princeton University and honorary lectures she has given at Cornell and New York Universities. Shiffrin cotaught a seminar with the late Professor Ronald Dworkin, which discussed a prepublication draft of the book (pp. ix–x). The volume is organized into six essentially independent chapters or lectures. Chapters One, Two, and Six began as independent, stand-alone lectures; Shiffrin crafted Chapters Three, Four, and Five to further expand on the arguments of One and Six (p. 4). While the volume bears a unifying theme, Shiffrin intended the chapters to retain their independence as distinct lectures, and she welcomes readers to delve into the chapters independently of one another (p. 4). Speech Matters is, at its core, a rich discussion of moral agency and the normative values of sincerity, truth telling, promissory fidelity, and the effect they ought to bear on personal and social relations, and political and legal institutions. This Review brings forward this unifying theme and provides a critical appraisal, contrasting Shiffrin’s stridently Kantian approach with an alternative foundationally deontic, if less severe, distributive approach.
Who Is Responsible for the Stealth Assault on Civil Rights?
Authors: Bagenstos Samuel
Published: April 2022

Staszak’s book does a great service in demonstrating the extent of the stealth assault on civil-rights litigation. As Staszak shows, procedural and remedial decisions fly under the public’s radar, but they have exceptionally important consequences. Indeed, one can draw a clear line between judicial decisions on such obscure topics as standing and qualified immunity and the persistent acts of police misconduct that have aroused great public concern in recent months. Any effort to ensure that civil-rights protections make a concrete difference in people’s lives must attend to the procedural and remedial issues Staszak discusses.
DETECTION OF TORQUE TENO VIRUS ANTIGEN AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS AMONG HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS
Authors: Mohammed Ali Hadeer , Al-Shuwaikh Arwa Mujahid , Manuti Jawad Kadhem
Published: April 2022

The aim: To determine the prevalence of TTV in patients undergoing hemodialysis and to evaluate the possible risk factors.
Materials and methods: This study was conducted in 93 patients, attending hemodialysis unit at AL-Imammain AL-Kadhimain Medical City Hospital for a period from November 2020 to March 2021. The demographic and clinical characteristics including age, sex, underling medical condition, hepatitis B and C status and laboratory tests such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and total serum bilirubin (TSB) were obtained from the record of the patients in hemodialysis unit in the hospital. Direct detection of TTV-Ag was done by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Results: TTV-Ag was detected in 38 out of 93 (40.9%) hemodialysis patients. Demographic, clinical and risk factors i.e. sex, age, history of diabetes, history of hypertension, history of blood transfusion, number of blood transfusion, the hemodialysis duration, history of surgery and liver enzymes levels did not show significant relation (P>0.05).
Conclusions: This study showed high prevalence of Torque Teno virus in hemodialysis patients, however, TTV did not play a role in liver injury among these patients.
MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF TOPOGRAPHIC VARIABILITY OF THE LEFT AND RIGHT MANDIBULAR CANALS IN CASE OF LOSS OF THE MASTICATORY TEETH
Authors: Oshurko Anatolii P. , Oliinyk Ihor Yu. , Kuzniak Nataliia B. , Fedoniuk Larysa Ya.
Published: April 2022

The aim: To study the topographic variability of the left and right mandibular canals in case of bone atrophy caused by the loss of the masticatory teeth.
Materials and methods: 136 digital scans were selected for morphometric analysis, 68 for each side taken with the Vatech PaX-i 3D Green extra-oral radiography system. The readout of absolute morphometric values, laying the left and right MC was performed in the projection of 3.7, 3.6, 4.6, 4.7 teeth using standardized Ez3D-I software.
Results: The alveolar part is characterized by distance to the alveolar ridge, and primarily exposed to pronounced atrophic processes of bone tissue. Distance to the lingual ridge directly proportionally indicates the morphological transposition vector of the mandibular canals for the distance to the buccal ridge, by the same length to its reduction. Morphometric analysis on a short toothless segment determines the variability of laying the mandibular canals but it is characterized by constant regular values of the ridge of the mandibular base.
Conclusions: Dentition defects, moving towards the missing teeth, lead to a decrease in the biophysical stimulus on bone tissue, causing pronounced morphological changes with the loss of significant volume and restructuring of its trabecular layer, which synchronously affects the topographic variability of the left and right MC.
THE IMPACT OF MENTAL HEALTH, SUBJECTIVE HAPPINESS AND RELIGIOUS COPING ON THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF NURSING STUDENTS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Albani Eleni , Strakantouna Eleni , Vus Viktor , Bakalis Nikolaos , Papathanasiou Ioanna V. , Fradelos Evangelos C.
Published: April 2022

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of psychological distress and religious coping in quality of life of nursing students during the second wave of the pandemic in Greece.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among nursing students. Data were collected via an e-survey consisting of five parts including HADS Questionary, SF-36, B-RCOPE and Subjective Happiness scale.
Results: From the total of 200 nursing students the 86.5% were female, 35.5% were in their first year of study, 54% were single and 65.5 were urban residents. 51.9% of the students were experiencing anxiety and 31,5% were depressed. In regard to subjective happiness, the mean value was 4.51±1.27. In addition, the majority of the students consider themselves unhappy (67.5%). Finally, in regard to SF-36 scores, we observed that PCS mean score was 68.49±13.19, MCS56.12±24.23. Depression, as well as negative religious coping, can have a negative effect on both physical and mental health components of quality of life.
Conclusions: Nursing students experience very high levels of stress and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic and need support and guidance to better manage stress and fear in this unusual situation.
HISTOINTEGRATION AND OTHER TERMS IN DENTAL IMPLANTATION
Authors: Malanchuk Vladislav A. , Klymentiev Vadym G. , Myroshnychenko Mykhailo S.
Published: April 2022

The article describes biological and non-biological factors that affect the long-term stay of the implant in the bone under functional load, quality indicators of artificial teeth implantation. Instead of the term «osseointegration», the authors use the terms «histointegration» and «histodisintegration» defining them. The following concepts are used: time of histointegration achievement, histofunctional and histoaesthetic integration/disintegration, mechanical and biological stability/destability, integration/disintegration of implant and prosthetic structure, morphological and functional stability and destability of the implant.
ULTRASONIC DECALCIFICATION OF AORTIC VALVE IN MODERN ERA: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Todurov Borys , Markovets Andriy , Maruniak Stepan , Demyanchuk Vitaly
Published: April 2022

Aortic stenosis (AS) – a constantly progressing disease characterized by thickening and calcification of leaflets of the valve, which leads to obstruction of the blood outflow from the left ventricular (LV), inadequate cardiac output, heart failure, and even sudden death. Prevalence of stenosis consistently increases with age, 0.2% incidence observes in the 50–59 year cohort of patients and almost 10% in patients from the 80–89 year cohort. We report the case of a 78-year-old man who presented with severe aortic valve stenosis. Since conventional valve replacement was problematic because of a small annular diameter we performed ultrasonic aortic valve decalcification. As a result, the systolic pressure gradient across the aortic valve decreased from 106 mm Hg to 22 mm Hg. Our case demonstrated that even in modern era ultrasonic aortic valve decalcification can be an effective option for restoration of mobility of the aortic valve cusps. We advocate the use of it for elderly patients with small aortic annulus in which surgical or transcatheter valve replacement, valve reconstruction could be extremely difficult or unavailable and consider ultrasonic valve decalcification as an additional tool in cardiac surgeon’s hands.
VOLCÁN, UN DEPÓSITO DE HIERRO MAGMÁTICO EN EL NW MÉXICO: DISTRIBUCIÓN Y CARACTERÍSTICAS GENERALES
Authors: Encinas-Aguirre Miguel Angel , Ochoa Landín Lucas , Del Rio Salas Rafael
Published: April 2022

La mayoría de los depósitos de hierro en Sonora se encuentran asociados a zonas de skarn y de reemplazamiento relacionadas a cuerpos intrusivos de composiciones granodiorítica-cuarzomonzonítica, no mayores de 5 Mt y con leyes menores de 50% de Fe total. Sin embargo, se ha documentado la presencia de depósitos de hierro cuyas características geológicas, estilos de alteración-mineralización y contexto tectónico, parecen asociarse a procesos magmáticos, los cuales pueden ser catalogados como depósitos IOCG del tipo hierro-apatito. Un ejemplo de este tipo de depósito es El Volcán, con un tonelaje de ~24 Mt de Fe y ley entre 40 a 60% de Fe total. Este tipo de manifestación mineral podría extenderse al lado occidental de México, abriendo una puerta importante para exploración de este tipo de yacimientos.
Buku Cerita Aktivitas STEM Islami sebagai Media Penguatan Literasi dan Profil Pelajar Pancasila
Authors: Metafisika Kartika , Zahroh Lailatus , Utomo Khoirul Budi
Published: April 2022

Storybooks are an effective medium for strengthening literacy and can act as a learning resource to cultivate character. In storybooks, games and activities can also be developed to grow the skills of students. Learning that links Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) in an integrated manner began to develop in various countries and began to be applied in Indonesia through a prototype curriculum. STEM learning is known to be effective in developing students' collaboration skills, thinking skills, and motor skills through project implementation. This article will discuss 1) the role of Islamic STEM Storybooks to strengthen student literacy, and 2) how to bring up the elements of the Pancasila Student Profile which consists of Belief in One God and Noble Morals, Global Diversity, Critical Thinking, Creative Thinking, Independence, and Mutual Cooperation in Islamic STEM Activity Storybooks.
PERANAN DISNAKERTRANS DALAM MELAKUKAN MEDIASI PERSELISIHAN HUBUNGAN INDUSTRIAL DI MASA PANDEM
Authors: Karsona Agus Mulya , Kusmayanti Hazar , Afriana Anita
Published: April 2022

Salah satu bentuk penyelesaian sengketa alternatif yang biasa digunakan adalah melalui mediasi. Mediasi ini secara langsung merupakan suatu kewajiban yang harus dilakukan dalam proses persidangan di pengadilan. Instansi yang bertanggung jawab di Bidang Ketenagakerjaan Kabupaten/ Kota yang berwenang untuk menerima pencatatan perselisihan hubungan industrial dan melakukan mediasi adalah instansi yang bertanggung jawab di Bidang Ketenagakerjaan Kabupaten/Kota tempat pekerja/buruh bekerja. sejauh mana kesiapan Disnakertrans dalam menghadapi konfl ik antara buruh dan perusahaan di masa pandemi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan spesifi kasi penelitian deskriptif analitis. Berdasarkan uraian di atas maka sesuai dengan ketentuan Undang-undang No. 2 Tahun 2004 Tentang Penyelesaian Hubungan Industrial maka Disnakertrans memiliki peranan yang penting dalam menyelesaikan perselisihan hubungan industrial melalui proses mediasi, hal ini membuktikan pemerintah juga (dalam hal ini Disnakertrans) mendukung proses penyelesaian arbitrase, konsiliasi dan bipatride. Proses tersebut sangat berpengaruh besar terhadap penyelesaian suatu permasalahan hubungan industrial dan proses yang kerap dipakai untuk menyelesaikan tersebut adalah mediasi. Kelancaran mediasi sangat berpengaruh terhadap peranan mediator yang terampil dan pakar untuk menyelesaikan suatu masalah, namun hambatan mediasi di Disnakertrans ini adalah minimnya jumlah mediator tidak sebanding dengan jumlah perkara Perselisihan Hubungan Industrial yang masuk dan perlu diselesaikan.
PERNYATAAN PERKAWINAN PUTUS SEBAGAI PETITUM GUGATAN PERCERAIAN (Analisa Perkara No. 645/Pdt.G/2019/PN. Jkt.Sel)
Authors: Sufiarina Sufiarina , Afdal Hidayatul , Sudrajat Herman
Published: April 2022

Perkawinan adalah ikatan suci, berupa ikatan lahir bathin guna membina mahligai rumah tangga. Kenyataannya tidak semua perkawinan berjalan sebagaimana yang diimpikan. Ada banyak yang diakhiri melalui perceraian. Undang-undang menghendaki untuk memutuskan perkawinan melalui perceraian harus berdasar putusan pengadilan. Untuk itu diperlukan tindakan hukum dengan cara mengajukan tuntutan ke pengadilan. Tuntutan hak dengan cara mengemukakan keadaan perkawinan dan permasalahan yang ada selaku posita diikuti dengan permintaan mengakhiri hubungan perkawinan selaku petitum. Permintaan dalam petitum akan diperiksa dan diputus pengadilan. Dikenal tiga sifat putusan pengadilan, yaitu putusan deklaratoir, constitutif dan condemnatoir. Dalam perkara No. 645/ Pdt.G/2019/PN. Jkt. Sel, penggugat antara lain minta dalam petitum agar pengadilan “menyatakan perkawinan antara penggugat dan tergugat putus karena perceraian dengan segala akibat hukumnya”. Perlu dikaji apakah dengan gugatan perceraian, putusan pengadilan yang diharapkan hanyalah bersifat deklaratoir semata, mengingat perkawinan sebagai suatu ikatan suci. Untuk menganalisisnya dikaji dari sifat putusan dan konsep perceraian sebagai tindakan hakim memutus ikatan perkawinan. Penyelesaiannya dilakukan dengan penelitian doktrinal berupa pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Hasil yang didapat bahwa memutus ikatan perkawinan melalui perceraian tidak dengan putusan deklaratoir. Tetapi dengan putusan yang bersifat constitutif yaitu putusan yang mengakhiri keadaan lama dan menimbulkan keadaan baru dan mengubah status suami istri menjadi duda dan janda.
CYTOKINE STATUS OF WOMEN WITH POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS IN DYNAMICS OF TREATMENT WITH ALENDRONAT
Authors: Maylyan E. A. , Churilov A. V. , Nemsadze I. G. , Rumyantceva Z. S. , Glazkov I. S.
Published: April 2022

The aim of work was to study blood serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukins (IL) -1β, -6, -10, -17A, osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) in dynamics of alendronic acid-based treatment in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis with. 136 women with postmeno- pausal osteoporosis were examined in dynamics of treatment with alendronate. Treatment duration was 12 months. TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, OPG and RANKL serum concentrations were studied in all patients before and after treatment. Molecular genetic studies included real-time PCR testing of ESR1 gene rs2234693 polymorphisms and IL-6 gene rs1800795 one. Women with postmenopausal osteoporosis had increased serum IL-1β and IL-6 concentra- tions before and after therapy (p<0.05), as well as RANKL before treatment (p=0.033). The dynamics of OPG content (p=0.013), as well as OPG/RANKL index (p=0.010) decrease was noted during the therapy course. TT genotype of rs2234693 polymorphism of ESR1 gene in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis is associated with increased RANKL production and decreased OPG/RANKL ratio both before and after treatment (p<0.05). Women with GG geno- type of rs1800795 polymorphism of IL-6 gene are characterized by consistently increased levels of IL-6 (before and after treatment), as well as IL-17A before starting therapy (p<0.05). It is reasonable to use the obtained results for development of postmenopausal osteoporosis personalized treatment regimens development.