bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Arrest Web Entanglement: Female Domestic Violence Survivors’ Experiences with Police Intervention and Coercively Controlling Male Partners
Authors: Young Larance Lisa
Published: May 2024

Although U.S.-based mandatory and preferred arrest laws and policies were created to promote domestic violence survivors’ safety, at times they have contributed to the wrongful arrest of women defending themselves against their abusive partners. While these laws and policies are the subject of broad critique, less considered are domestic violence survivors’ descriptions of the events that unfold after police officers respond to a domestic violence incident and before they make an arrest. This is an important area of inquiry as these events may highlight how the circumstances leading to wrongful arrest decisions are more complex than the laws and policies alone. Data from the present study came from the author’s larger in-depth qualitative investigation of 33 cisgender women’s descriptions of their legal and child protection systems involvement. The women were recruited from an antiviolence intervention agency receiving referrals from communities with mandatory and preferred laws and policies. The women had agency contact due to their use of force or alleged use of force. The respondents were diverse across race, age, class, ability, U.S. citizenship status, and sexual identity. The author analyzed the 33 women’s 51 interview transcripts and extensive fieldnotes using rigorous iterative analysis and constructivist grounded theory. The analysis revealed that seven of the 33 women, all of whom identified domestic and sexual violence survivorship histories, described a patterned series of events that unfolded after the police arrived at the domestic violence incident and before the police made an arrest. In this study, the author details three of the seven women’s stories to demonstrate how a series of events, including police prearrest questioning and their coercively controlling male partners’ tactics, facilitated the women’s entanglement in what the author refers to as an “arrest web.” Their incremental disentanglement from the arrest’s impact is also explored. Broad system-focused implications are discussed.
Associations Between Breastfeeding, Maternal Emotional Availability, and Infant–Mother Attachment: The Role of Coparenting
Authors: Kim Christine Youngwon , Smith Nicole P. , Teti Douglas M.
Published: May 2024

Background:

Breastfeeding is a parenting practice that combines close intimate contact with the opportunity to be sensitive and responsive to the infant, and may have direct and indirect relations with infant attachment. However, researchers have produced inconsistent findings, suggesting there may be other mechanisms involved. Coparenting may play a significant role, as it has been consistently associated with mother–infant relationships.

Research aims:

The aims of this study were to examine: (1) whether breastfeeding would be directly associated with infant–mother attachment; (2) whether this association was also indirect, through mothers’ quality of caregiving; and (3) whether partners’ coparenting support moderates breastfeeding’s indirect association with attachment

Methods:

This was a prospective, longitudinal study that drew data from a larger NIH-funded study on sleep and family relationships (R01HD052809). Mothers reported on their feeding practices and coparenting relationships. Independent observations were used to assess mothers’ emotional availability toward infants. A separate team of observers assessed infant–mother attachment.

Results:

Exclusive breastfeeding during the first 6 months, and longer duration of any breastfeeding across the 1st year, were directly associated with more secure infant–mother attachment. These associations were also indirect, through maternal emotional availability. Coparenting was a significant moderator, such that the influence of longer breastfeeding duration on improved emotional availability, and, in turn, on more secure attachment, was significant only for mothers who perceived coparenting quality to be low.

Conclusion:

Findings highlighted the importance of breastfeeding on both the quality of mothering and infant attachment, but also emphasized that coparenting support may be particularly important for mothers who are unable to breastfeed.
Tensile and impact properties of thermoplastic fibre hybrid composites based on air textured commingling hybrid yarns composed of carbon/aramid/polyamide 6 and carbon/glass/polyamide 6 filament yarns
Authors: Hasan Mir Mohammad Badrul , Overberg Matthias , Lang Tobias Georg , Abdkader Anwar , Cherif Chokri
Published: May 2024

This paper reports a comparison of tensile and impact properties between carbon/aramid and carbon/glass fibres reinforced unidirectional thermoplastic hybrid composites. For this purpose, different hybrid composites were produced using commingled hybrid yarns of carbon/aramid/polyamide 6 filament yarns and carbon/glass/polyamide 6 filament yarns with a defined mixing ratio based on air texturing technology. The results show that the density and specific Youngs’ modulus of the composites changes linearly with the proportion of carbon/glass and carbon/aramid fibre in hybrid composites. The specific Young’s modulus decreases linearly with decreasing carbon fibre content in the hybrid composites. On the other hand, the specific tensile strength does not change linearly according to the rule of mixture and a negative hybridization effect can be observerd for both types of hybrid composites. Furthermore, the combination of carbon/aramid and carbon/glass fibres can increase the impact strength by approximately 204% and 218%, respectively, compared to the composite reinforced by CF only. Although the specific tensile strength and specific impact strength of carbon/aramid reinforced hybrid composites are higher than those of CF/GF hybrid composites due to the lower density of carbon/glass hybrid composites, the potential impact strength achievable in hybrid composites is higher with the carbon/glass combination than with the carbon/aramid combination.
Adaptive Self-Reflection as a Social Media Self-Effect: Insights from Computational Text Analyses of Self-Disclosures of Unreported Sexual Victimization in a Hashtag Campaign
Authors: Yeo Tien Ee Dominic , Chu Tsz Hang
Published: May 2024

Hashtag campaigns calling out sexual violence and rape myths offer a unique context for disclosing sexual victimization on social media. This study investigates the applicability of adaptive self-reflection as a potential self-effect from such public disclosures of unreported sexual victimization experiences by analyzing 92,583 tweets that invoked #WhyIDidntReport. A supervised machine learning classifier determined that 61.8% of the tweets were self-disclosures of sexual victimization. Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) analysis showed statistically significant differences in four psycholinguistic dimensions (greater use of past focus, cognitive processes, insight, and causation words) connected with reflective processing in tweets with self-disclosed sexual victimization compared to those without. Additionally, topic modeling and thematic analysis identified nine salient topics within the self-disclosing tweets, comprising three self-distanced representations (i.e., relatively abstract and insightful construals) of the unwanted experiences: (a) acknowledging one’s previously unacknowledged victimization, (b) reaffirming one’s rationale for not reporting, and (c) decrying invalidating response to one’s disclosure. Moving beyond reception effects and social support in extant research about social media as a coping tool, this study provides new empirical insights into the potential of social media to promote expressive meaning-making of upsetting and traumatic experiences in ways that support recovery and resilience.
Psychiatry Resident Physicians Experience Personal and Professional Grief, Burnout and Depression: Results From a National Survey
Authors: Robbins-Welty Gregg , Nakatani Morgan , Song Ye Kyung , Riordan Paul , Pieper Carl , Price Meghan , Scoggins Connie , Galanos Anthony
Published: May 2024

Background

Resident physicians experience personal and professional stressors throughout training. These experiences may increase levels of burnout, depression, and grief. Understanding how these stressors impact trainees is essential for improving wellbeing during residency.

Objective

We examined the prevalence and associations between burnout, depression, and grief among a national sample of psychiatry resident physicians.

Methods

A survey including validated scales for burnout (Modified Maslach Burnout Inventory-Health Services Survey [MBI]), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 [PHQ-9]), and grief (Traumatic Grief Inventory Self Report [TGSIR]) was distributed to 296 psychiatry program directors in January 2023 for dispersal to their respective residents.

Results

Fifty-seven participants completed the survey out of 245 participants who opened and started the survey (23.3%). All participants were current psychiatry residents. MBI scores averaged 21.2 (SD 6.5, range 11-40); 11 participants reported high levels of burnout (scores >27; 19.3%). PHQ-9 scores averaged 3.42 (SD 3.0, range 0-14), with 8 responses meeting the criteria for moderate depressive symptoms (scores >10-14; 14.0%). Suicidal ideation was reported by 5 of 57 participants (8.7%). TGISR scores averaged 12.2 (SD 11, range 0-43); no participants met the criteria for pathologic grief. TGISR scores were correlated with MBI (r = .30; P = .02) and PHQ-9 scores (r = .53; P < .0001). MBI scores were also correlated with PHQ-9 scores (r = .54; P < .0001).

Conclusions

Non-pathological grief was correlated with burnout and depression. 14% to 20% of psychiatry residents reported clinically significant levels of burnout and depression. Future studies should aim to further characterize burnout, depression, and grief in larger samples of trainees.
Application of a supporting catheter in surgery for forearm arteriovenous fistula construction
Authors: Sun Meng , Wei Xiaobao , Tang Xinyu , Shao Xiaojiao , Guo Yibin , Zhang Yiwen , Miao Jiayi , Wei Juanyu , Zhang Liyuan
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

This study explored the feasibility of a supporting catheter combined with modified end-to-side anastomosis in the operation of radio-cephalic arteriovenous fistula (RC-AVF) and evaluated the clinical application value of this technique.

Methods:

Sixty patients underwent RC-AVF operations in our hospital from January 2022 to June 2022. All the patients were treated with modified end-to-side AVF anastomosis and divided into the control group or the test group depending on whether a supporting catheter was applied. The clinical data of 60 cases were analysed retrospectively. Intraoperative related indices, the first time the fistula was used, the success rate of first puncture, the blood flow of first dialysis, the maturity condition of fistula, the size of anastomosis, the diameter of radial artery and drainage vein, the blood flow of brachial artery 8 weeks after operation and the incidence of complications within 6 months after operation were compared between the two groups.

Results:

Compared with that in the control group, the time spent on the vascular anastomosis in the test group was significantly shortened ( p<0.05). The blood flow of the first dialysis, the size of the anastomosis, the diameter of the drainage vein, the blood flow of the brachial artery 8 weeks after the operation and the incidence of complications within 6 months after operation were significantly different between the two groups ( p<0.05).

Conclusion:

In the RC-AVF operation, using a supporting catheter can not only increase operation efficiency by reducing surgical injury and difficulty of vascular anastomosis, but also improve postoperative prognosis. RC-AVF is worth promoting in clinical practice.
The Whole Package: A Multi-Component Smoking Cessation Intervention for Adults With Serious Mental Illness: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Leutwyler Heather , Hubbard Erin , Humfleet Gary , Souza Richard , Balestra Dennys , Wallhagen Margaret
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Smoking is one of the most important modifiable risk factors for excess morbidity and mortality in adults with serious mental illness (SMI). Many smokers with SMI are reportedly motivated to quit, however success rates among these smokers remain low and evidence-based treatment targeting this vulnerable group is limited. The purpose of this paper is to report the results of a qualitative inquiry of participants. Methods: We conducted a pilot two-arm randomized controlled trial (RCT) targeting adults with SMI. Our smoking cessation intervention included: (a) group-based physical activity (PA) game intervention (50 minutes, 3X/week for 12 weeks), (b) pharmacotherapy (bupropion or nicotine replacement therapy), and (c) smoking cessation counseling. Upon completion of the program, participants in the active and control groups completed a qualitative semi-structured interview in order to determine how the program impacted their smoking cessation. Grounded Theory methodology guided our data collection and analysis. Results: Twenty participants completed an interview. Participants described how the “whole package” of the 3 components of the intervention were critical to their smoking cessation process. The group-based program provided the structure, resources, and encouragement needed to start the process of quitting. Conclusion: Adults with SMI need support, resources, and engaging activities as they begin quitting and practice the skills needed to quit.
The Role of Digital Health Technology Interventions in the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nguyen Vivien , Ara Paige , Simmons David , Osuagwu Uchechukwu Levi
Published: May 2024

Objectives:

Diabetes in the 21st century presents one of the greatest burdens of disease on the global population. Digitally mediated interventions have become imperative in alleviating this disease epidemic. We aimed to systematically review randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on different health technologies for preventing Type 2 diabetes mellitus, and their efficacy in decreasing diabetes risk-related outcomes in at-risk patients in comparison to standard care.

Methods:

Five electronic databases were searched between October 2021 and December 2022. Studies including digital health technology interventions used for preventing diabetes development by reducing diabetes risk-related outcomes in at-risk adults (⩾18 years) were identified. Data on glycemic levels, incidence of T2DM, weight, and intervention descriptions were extracted, and the risk of bias (ROB) was assessed.

Results:

Nine studies met the inclusion criteria and 5 studies (56%) achieved clinically significant outcomes in at least one of the following: decreased weight (22%), glycemic levels (22%), or incidence of T2DM (11%). Two of the 3 (67%) computer-based interventions effectively reduced the HbA1c levels and mean weight of their study population, and 3 of 6 (50%) mobile based interventions (text messages, mobile app, and telehealth) decreased the incidence of T2DM and HbA1c levels. Four studies each had an overall low ROB and one had a high ROB due to attrition.

Conclusion:

Preliminary evidence identified in our review demonstrated that health technologies for diabetes prevention are effective for improving diabetes risk-related outcomes. Future research into digital technology protocol and studies of longer duration and more diverse populations are needed for clinical feasibility.
Online travel searches: From pandemic to endemicity
Authors: Guedes Alexandre , Martins Patrícia , Back Robin M.
Published: May 2024

This research paper presents the core findings of a study on the impact of stringency of government policies on online travel search behaviour between 2020 and 2022, and how these measures were perceived by potential travellers concerning different destinations. This study also includes isolated effects, deaths, and vaccinations, which are representative of the level of risk of COVID-19. Results show that online travel searches do not cease during a health crisis, but fluctuate in response to perceived risks and travel friction factors until the recovery phase. It highlights the influence of online search engines as liminal systems that provide travel consumers with a transient means of contact with destinations in an unstable market environment, but which can materialize into consumption at any given moment perceived by consumers as viable. Findings also reveal that risk factors and stringency of policies among destinations were perceived unevenly by potential tourists.
Exploring the impact of cultural diversity in global projects: A comparative analysis of virtual and face-to-face teamwork
Authors: Yousef Katul
Published: May 2024

In today’s interconnected global business landscape, the rise of international business and technological advancements has led to a proliferation of global virtual teams. This dynamic environment underscores the critical importance of understanding cultural diversity within such teams and its impact on performance. To effectively compete in this milieu, individuals must possess the requisite knowledge and skills to navigate diverse cultural backgrounds, both in virtual and face-to-face interactions. This paper delves into the profound significance of cultural diversity and its multifaceted implications within the context of virtual and face-to-face project team dynamics. To gain insights into global virtual teamwork dynamics regarding cultural diversity, a project involving 65 participants was designed. The project’s progression was closely monitored, and participants provided feedback in two stages, yielding a total of 130 feedback sheets for analysis. The research findings shed light on the nuanced dynamics of global virtual teamwork, highlighting cultural diversity as a perceived risk factor. However, these challenges can be effectively managed through the strategic deployment of project management tools. Conversely, in face-to-face settings, cultural diversity emerges as a potent catalyst for innovation and creativity, offering unique perspectives that enrich problem-solving processes. This study serves as a critical resource for educators, project managers, and stakeholders invested in optimizing cross-cultural interactions in both virtual and face-to-face environments. By leveraging insights gleaned from this research, practitioners can harness the power of cultural diversity to drive success in today’s globalized organizational landscape.
Comprehensive assessment and monitoring of bond deterioration in GFRP-reinforced concrete beams using guided wave and acoustic emission techniques
Authors: Rather Amer Iliyas , Banerjee Sauvik , Laskar Arghadeep
Published: May 2024

The debonding between glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) rebars and concrete significantly reduces the bond strength and jeopardizes the safety and durability of GFRP-reinforced concrete (GFRP-RC) structures. As a result, it is imperative to monitor the structural integrity of infrastructures being built using these composite materials in structural elements during their service lives. Previous studies have primarily focused on artificially induced debonding scenarios for guided wave (GW)-based monitoring, which has resulted in an inability to capture debonding events that arise naturally due to external loads. Furthermore, flexural bond test investigations simulating real loading scenarios in GFRP-RC structures have not been linked with acoustic emission (AE) and GW monitoring. The present study addresses these research gaps by comprehensively examining the flexural bond integrity in GFRP-RC structural elements subjected to realistic loading conditions using a hybrid approach combining GW and AE as active and passive structural health monitoring techniques, respectively. A series of bond tests, conforming to RILEM specifications, have been performed to investigate various parameters (including rebar surface characteristics, embedment length, and confinement conditions) that affect the flexural bond degradation response of GFRP-RC members. Damage indices based on GW and AE signal parameters have been developed to evaluate the characteristics of confined and unconfined specimens distinctly. It has been observed from the test results that the L (0,3) GW mode is more sensitive to debonding than other modes and that a threshold of 25% has been established for the GW damage index to denote significant bond damage. Furthermore, AE damage indices have provided valuable insights into concrete damage, including splitting and damage at the rebar-concrete interface. Thus, a thorough understanding of bond deterioration in GFRP-RC structures has been developed by combining GW and AE health monitoring techniques, with implications for enhancing structural safety and durability.
A Nationwide Comparison of Outcomes and Resource Use in Staged vs Simultaneous Cervical and Lumbar Fusions: A Retrospective Database Study
Authors: Illescas Alex , Poeran Jashvant , Zhong Haoyan , Cozowicz Crispiana , Girardi Federico P. , Memtsoudis Stavros G. , Liu Jiabin
Published: May 2024

Background: Although the coexistence of cervical and lumbar spinal conditions is fairly common, surgical treatments are usually staged, even though simultaneous fusion of the cervical and lumbar spine may be a viable option for appropriate candidates. Purpose: We sought to investigate the outcomes of staged vs simultaneous cervical and lumbar fusions in terms of differences in postoperative complications and resource use. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study using claims data from the 2006 to 2020 all-payer Premier Health Database. Data were extracted for patients who underwent both a cervical and a lumbar fusion procedure either simultaneously (same hospitalization) or staged (within 1 year). Multivariable regression models measured the association between simultaneous or staged procedures and combined complications (including venous thromboembolism, infection, acute renal failure, or vascular/pulmonary/gastrointestinal complications), intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and prolonged length of stay. We report odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Overall, 560 (5.2%) and 10 187 (94.8%) of total 10 747 cervical and lumbar fusion procedures were performed simultaneously and staged, respectively. When comparing outcomes after simultaneous procedures to those after staged procedures (for which outcomes from the cervical and lumbar procedures were pooled), simultaneous procedures were associated with higher rates of ICU admission and longer hospital stays, but there were no differences in rates of combined complications. Conclusion: Our retrospective, nationwide database study found that simultaneous cervical and lumbar fusion is relatively rare and its rates of complications do not differ meaningfully from those of staged procedures. However, we found an association between simultaneous cervical and lumbar fusion and higher rates of ICU admission and prolonged length of stay. Further study is warranted.
My 35 Years in Mixed Methods Research
Authors: Creswell John W.
Published: May 2024

I dedicate this paper to my friend and colleague, Mike Fetters, who served as senior co-editor of the Journal of Mixed Methods Research (JMMR). In this paper, I discuss key mixed methods developments over the last 35 years, my fortunate involvement in them, and my collaboration with Mike Fetters in several of them. The discussion focuses on founding leaders of the field, combining quantitative and qualitative research, co-founding JMMR and the Mixed Methods International Research Association, teaching and simplifying mixed methods research, promoting the methodology internationally, assisting external groups in establishing quality standards for the field, and co-founding with Mike Fetters the Michigan Mixed Methods Research Program. This discussion contributes a personal historical perspective about the mixed methods field.
A study on the dynamics of a novel seven degrees of freedom spray-painting robot with a telescopic forearm
Authors: Wang Yutian , Qiu Jiahao , Wu Jun , Wang Jinsong
Published: May 2024

In this article, the dynamics of a seven degrees of freedom robot with a telescopic forearm for the spray-painting of large workpiece is investigated. A novel two-step inverse kinematic solving method that combines numerical and analytical approaches is proposed to solve the inverse kinematics of the seven degrees of freedom robot with two redundant degrees of freedom for spray-painting applications. Based on the kinematic model, the dynamic model is derived using the Newton–Euler method. For the dynamic parameter identification, the dynamic model is written in a linear form with respect to dynamic parameters. Considering the effect of the telescopic forearm on the dynamics of the robot, two novel performance indices concerning the inertial load and gravitational load in the joint space are proposed to evaluate the effect of the telescopic forearm on the dynamic load of the robot. Monte Carlo method is used to solve these two indices. This work is essential for the motion planning and control of the seven degrees of freedom spray-painting robot with a telescopic forearm.
A comparison of alternative ranking methods in two-stage clinical trials with multiple interventions: An application to the anxiolysis for laceration repair in children trial
Authors: Tran Nam-Anh , McGrory Abigail , Poonai Naveen , Heath Anna
Published: May 2024

Background/Aims:

Multi-arm, multi-stage trials frequently include a standard care to which all interventions are compared. This may increase costs and hinders comparisons among the experimental arms. Furthermore, the standard care may not be evident, particularly when there is a large variation in standard practice. Thus, we aimed to develop an adaptive clinical trial that drops ineffective interventions following an interim analysis before selecting the best intervention at the final stage without requiring a standard care.

Methods:

We used Bayesian methods to develop a multi-arm, two-stage adaptive trial and evaluated two different methods for ranking interventions, the probability that each intervention was optimal (P best) and using the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA), at both the interim and final analysis. The proposed trial design determines the maximum sample size for each intervention using the Average Length Criteria. The interim analysis takes place at approximately half the pre-specified maximum sample size and aims to drop interventions for futility if either P best or the SUCRA is below a pre-specified threshold. The final analysis compares all remaining interventions at the maximum sample size to conclude superiority based on either P best or the SUCRA. The two ranking methods were compared across 12 scenarios that vary the number of interventions and the assumed differences between the interventions. The thresholds for futility and superiority were chosen to control type 1 error, and then the predictive power and expected sample size were evaluated across scenarios. A trial comparing three interventions that aim to reduce anxiety for children undergoing a laceration repair in the emergency department was then designed, known as the Anxiolysis for Laceration Repair in Children Trial (ALICE) trial.

Results:

As the number of interventions increases, the SUCRA results in a higher predictive power compared with P best. Using P best results in a lower expected sample size when there is an effective intervention. Using the Average Length Criterion, the ALICE trial has a maximum sample size for each arm of 100 patients. This sample size results in a 86% and 85% predictive power using P best and the SUCRA, respectively. Thus, we chose P best as the ranking method for the ALICE trial.

Conclusion:

Bayesian ranking methods can be used in multi-arm, multi-stage trials with no clear control intervention. When more interventions are included, the SUCRA results in a higher power than P best. Future work should consider whether other ranking methods may also be relevant for clinical trial design.
The platformisation of illicit drug markets: How datafication, technological affordances, and platform-mediated labour practices shape illicit drug markets
Authors: Childs Andrew , Bernot Ausma
Published: May 2024

Digital technologies go beyond merely facilitating illicit drug exchanges; they actively reconfigure and reorganise interactions in illicit drug markets. In this article we consider the ongoing evolution of illicit drug markets against the backdrop of platform capitalism in order to conceptualise the platformisation of illicit drug markets. The platformisation of illicit drug markets illustrates how drug markets are becoming contingent on the technological, economic and socio-cultural logics of digital platforms. We explore three key themes that are useful in framing the process of platformisation: (i) the datafication of drug markets, (ii) platform affordances and drug exchanges and (iii) platform-mediated labour practices. These themes unpack the transformations underway in illicit drug markets, but the paper also invites broader conversations on how criminology engages in discussions of crime in an era dominated by technology giants (e.g. Meta, Google and Amazon).
Family quality of life of parents of children with intellectual disability: Do psychological stress and parental involvement matter?
Authors: Cheng Sanyin , Li Jiaqi , Li Qiaoqiao , Li Xuxu , Luo Yan
Published: May 2024

Background: The psychological stress of parents and improving family quality of life (FQoL) are continuing concerns for families of children with intellectual disability. We need to identify further ways to reduce their stress and improve their FQoL in China. Method: Examine the interrelations between psychological stress, parental involvement, and FQoL for parents with intellectual disability in mainland China. 467 parents of children with intellectual disability completed instruments measuring variables. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was employed to examine the interrelations. Results: Psychological stress, directly and indirectly, influenced parental involvement in FQoL. Physical and mental response (PMR) and risk awareness (RA) had a positive direct effect on FQoL, and optimistic hope (OH) had a negative effect on FQoL. Conclusions: Psychological stress affects FQoL of parents with children with intellectual disability in complex ways. Policies should be developed to help parents with children with disability decrease stress and develop scientific parental involvement.
The effectiveness of digital solutions in improving nurses’ and healthcare professionals’ mental well-being: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ilola Tiina , Malmisalo Mikael , Laukka Elina , Lehtiniemi Heli , Pölkki Tarja , Kääriäinen Maria , He Hong-Gu , Kanste Outi
Published: May 2024

Background:

Widespread challenges to mental well-being among nurses and healthcare professionals threaten the productivity and quality of healthcare. Digital solutions may prove to effectively support nurses’ and healthcare professionals’ mental well-being.

Aim:

To synthesise evidence regarding the effectiveness of digital solutions in improving nurses’ and healthcare professionals’ mental well-being.

Methods:

This systematic review followed the JBI guidance for systematic reviews of effectiveness. The PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Pro-Quest and APA PsycArticles databases were reviewed for randomised controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies published at any point prior to the 26th of October 2021. Meta-analysis and narrative synthesis were performed.

Results:

Fourteen studies were included. Personal mental well-being solutions significantly improved nurses’ and healthcare professionals’ mental well-being. The effectiveness of work-related digital solutions could not be demonstrated. The meta-analysis revealed little to no effect on professionals’ work engagement.

Conclusions:

Personal digital solutions may have the potential to improve the mental well-being of nurses and healthcare professionals. With the support of nurse managers’ facilitation, nurses have a key role to promote their own mental well-being by utilising digital mental health solutions. Nevertheless, further adequately powered, well-designed research is required.
Perceived barriers and influencing factors of psychological help-seeking amongst Chinese nurses exposed to COVID-19
Authors: Tan Jiani , Shi Wei , Yuan Guanzhe Frank , Lowe Sarah R. , Liu Jiahe
Published: May 2024

Background:

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused psychological problems among nurses worldwide. However, their willingness to seek professional help is relatively low, due to perceived barriers that have remained unknown.

Aims:

This study analysed the potential barriers and influencing factors of psychological help-seeking among nurses participating in community COVID-19 epidemic prevention work.

Methods:

Five variables – depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress syndrome, social support and mental health literacy – were measured from a sample of 667 nurses. Latent class analysis identified homogeneous classes about psychological help-seeking barriers and multinomial logistic regression identified factors associated with potential grouping outcomes.

Results:

Three categories were identified: major barriers ( N = 17, 2.5%), stigma and accessibility barriers ( N = 132, 21.2%) and low barriers ( N = 518, 76.4%). Mental health literacy was significantly correlated with the ‘low barriers’ class (OR = 0.953, B = −0.047, p = 0.03), whereas depression (OR = 1.091, B = 0.085, p = 0.011) had a slightly positive effect on being in the ‘stigma and accessibility barriers’ class.

Conclusions:

During pandemics or other social health crises, nurses may experience psychological barriers to help seeking. Communities and hospitals should consider increasing the resources available for psychological counselling services, improving mental health awareness and literacy that may help reduce depression levels and promote mental health.
Women’s trust in the healthcare system in Serbia: Validation of the Women’s Trust and Confidence in Healthcare System scale
Authors: Ninković Milica , Ilić Sandra , Damnjanović Kaja
Published: May 2024

Background:

Women’s role as patients is associated with power relationships embedded in society. Although trust in the health care system is a general prerequisite for positive health outcomes, practices regarding women’s agency in healthcare systems in Southeastern Europe reinforce women’s passivity. Most of the current psychological measures of trust have been constructed and validated in “WEIRD” (samples that are drawn from populations that are White, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic) countries, thus having a limited application in other social contexts.

Objectives:

We aimed to construct an instrument for assessing women’s trust in healthcare systems to describe the structure of trust: Women’s Trust and Confidence in the Healthcare System scale.

Design:

Two independent samples (N1 = 329; N2 = 333) of adult women in Serbia voluntarily completed an online questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised 20 trust-related items which were selected from an extensive collection of women’s experiences in the healthcare system and evaluated by experts on a 5-point Likert-type scale.

Methods:

We used exploratory factor analysis of the Women’s Trust and Confidence in the Healthcare System scale to analyze the structure of trust in the first sample data set and validated it with the second sample using confirmatory factor analysis. We tested concurrent validity by exploring how women’s trust in the healthcare system predicts health-related behaviors (multigroup structural equation modeling). All analyses were conducted using R statistical software.

Results:

The Women’s Trust and Confidence in the Healthcare System scale (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.86) indicated a three-factor structure of trust in the healthcare system: trust in healthcare professionals, distrust in the public healthcare system, and confidence in healthcare system. This was validated using an independent sample. Interpersonal trust positively predicted women’s desirable health behaviors, while trust in the system had a negative impact.

Conclusion:

The Women’s Trust and Confidence in the Healthcare System scale captures women’s trust in a paternalistic healthcare system, is reliable, and has a stable three-factor structure. The study’s findings reveal the relationship between women’s trust and health-related behavior: in paternalistic environments, trust reinforces women’s passivity.
Parking the bus or high pressing? Defensive tactical insights from the 2022 FIFA Men’s World Cup
Authors: Praça Gibson Moreira , Oliveira Pedro Henrique de Almeida , Brandão Leandro Henrique Albuquerque , Abreu Cristóvão de Oliveira , Andrade André Gustavo Pereira de , Nobari Hadi
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to analyze which defensive performance indicators differentiate winning and losing teams and to verify which of these variables better predict winning probabilities during the Men’s 2022 FIFA World Cup. Data from all 64 matches played during the competition were gathered from public sources. The variables comprised event-based and positional-based data. Data between winning and losing teams were compared using multivariate analysis of variance, and multiple linear regression was used to detect winning predictors. Results indicated that winning teams performed more forced turnovers ( p = 0.017) and spent less time in out-of-possession recovery ( p = 0.005) and transition ( p = 0.017). The regression analysis indicated that the forced turnovers (standardized beta = 0.446), the possession action per defensive action (standardized beta = 0.582), and the time spent in out-of-possession recovery actions (standardized beta = −0.279) significantly predict the goal difference achieved by the teams ( r = 0.499. Adjusted r2 = 0.225). However, the model’s power prediction was low, indicating that multiple defensive strategies can lead to winning outcomes. In conclusion, adopting an aggressive defensive style, aiming at forcing turnovers and seeking to regain the ball high on the pitch, was the most successful defensive strategy observed in the competition.
Technical–tactical differences between female and male elite football: A data mining approach through neural network analysis, binary logistic regression, and decision tree techniques
Authors: Iván-Baragaño Iyán , Maneiro Rubén , Losada José Luís , Casal Claudio Alberto , Ardá Antonio
Published: May 2024

The technical−tactical performance of women’s football has improved markedly in recent years. Despite this improvement, there are still differences between men’s football and women’s football. The objectives of this study were to know the technical and tactical key performance indicators (KPIs) that differentiate elite men’s and women’s football teams as well as to determine which statistical techniques demonstrate superior classification ability and interpretability in football terms. For this purpose, 768 matches corresponding to the latest editions of the UEFA Champions League, UEFA Euro and FIFA World Cup for men and women were analyzed. First, the differences at the bivariate level were analyzed using student’s t-test for independent sample ( p < 0.05) for the male and female teams. Secondly, three data mining classification algorithms were applied: (i) Artificial Neural Network (ANN), (ii) Binary Logistic Regression, and (iii) Decision Tree. Significant differences were found between men’s football and women’s football in variables related to technical elements such as lost balls (ES = 1.19), ball recoveries (ES = 1.00), and accurate passes (ES = 0.97), as well as regulatory aspects like fouls (ES = 0.59), successful tackles (ES = 0.46), and yellow cards (0.45). On the other hand, the classification models presented excellent or good predictive capability [Range AUC 0.774−0.982], with very small differences between the ANN’s and logistic regression models. This result justifies the use of simpler models as the linear regression model to understand the differences between men’s and women’s football. Moreover, the observed differences may offer insights for future efforts aimed at enhancing the performance of women’s football.
Multiplex analysis for the identification of plasma protein biomarkers for predicting lung cancer immunotherapy response
Authors: Hong Moonki , Lee Sang Wook , Cho Byoung Chul , Hong Min Hee , Lim Sun Min , Kwon Nak-Jung
Published: May 2024

Background:

Programmed death-ligand (PD-L1) expression serves as a predictive biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) sensitivity in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Nevertheless, the development of biomarkers that reliably predict ICI response remains an ongoing endeavor due to imperfections in existing methodologies.

Objectives:

ICIs have led to a new paradigm in the treatment of NSCLC. The current companion PD-L1 diagnostics are insufficient in predicting ICI response. Therefore, we sought whether the Olink platform could be applied to predict response to ICIs in NSCLC.

Design:

We collected blood samples from patients with NSCLC before ICI treatment and retrospectively analyzed proteomes based on their response to ICI.

Methods:

Overall, 76 NSCLC patients’ samples were analyzed. Proteomic plasma analysis was performed using the Olink platform. Intraplate reproducibility, validation, and statistical analyses using elastic net regression and generalized linear models with clinical parameters were evaluated.

Results:

Intraplate coefficient of variation (CV) assays ranged from 3% to 6%, and the interplate CV was 14%. In addition, the Pearson correlation coefficient of the Olink Normalized Protein eXpression data was validated. No statistical differences were observed in the analyses of progressive disease and response to ICIs. Furthermore, no single proteome showed prognostic value in terms of progression-free survival.

Conclusion:

In this study, the proximity extension assay-based approach of the Olink panel could not predict the patient’s response to ICIs. Our proteomic analysis failed to achieve predictive value in both response or progression to ICIs and progression-free survival (PFS).
Painful Peroneal Tendon Subluxation in a Patient With a Prior Ankle Fusion
Authors: Zell Richard A. , Mehta Ananya
Published: May 2024

This case report describes a patient who underwent an ankle fusion using a lateral approach and fibular-onlay strut 14 years ago. She presented with increasing lateral ankle pain and giving way. Despite bracing and steroid injections, she had continued symptoms and surgery for hardware removal was recommended. While under anesthesia, she was found to have subluxation of her peroneal tendons. Operative findings included impingement of the peroneal brevis on the screw head from her fibular-onlay strut and a peroneal tendon tear. Hardware removal, a peroneal tenodesis, and reconstruction of the peroneal retinaculum were performed with a good clinical result.

Level of Evidence: V (case report)
Impacts of Workplace Culture on Deviant Workplace Behavior: A Systematic Review
Authors: Bujang Muhammad Amin bin , Kamaluddin Mohammad Rahim , Mat Basir Salawati , Munusamy Shalini , Jhee Jiow Hee
Published: May 2024

Deviant workplace behavior violates organizational standards and has the potential to hurt either the entire organization or specific members of the organization. It is a serious and present problem in the workplace. Workplace culture have been linked to deviant workplace behavior however, there has been a scarcity of research and reviews on the impact of workplace culture on deviant workplace behavior. Scopus, Sage, MEDLINE and Web of Science Journals were used to look for terms relating to workplace culture (workplace culture, organizational culture) as well as terms related to deviant workplace behavior (deviant behavior, deviances). Original research, samples, or gendered employee subsamples were considered for this evaluation of workplace culture that have an impact on deviant workplace behavior, and the research must be completed in English. This evaluation has 19 publications that passed the eligibility criteria. This review’s results showed that deviant workplace behavior is significantly influenced by workplace culture with different interpretation of culture and measurement used. These findings are explored in light of existing gaps in the literature and fresh research opportunities.
Ontology Development for Cyber Violence Victimization in Korean Adolescents
Authors: Chun JongSerl , Lee Serim , Kim Jinyung
Published: May 2024

Since the dynamics and forms of cyber violence evolve at the same rapid pace as technology platforms, we used social big data to develop an ontology for cyber violence victimization in South Korea. Following the seven-stage ontology development process, we extracted keywords from 3,075 social media data sources including online articles, comments, and blogs. Focus group interview data was also obtained from 40 adolescents and 5 cyber violence experts. The analysis identified domains for (1) participants subdivided by age, school level, sex, form, and relationship; (2) protective and risk factors by individuals, family, friends, school, community, and online systems; (3) types by form and method of violence; (4) characteristics by media and distinct features; (5) outcomes by individual and relational/social; and (6) interventions and policies by personal coping strategies, services/interventions, and laws/policies. These findings provide a multi-faceted perspective on cyber violence victimization experiences in South Korea. In addition, the results elucidate the newest types of cyber violence in real-life terms.
Helicopter Parenting Behaviors and Emerging Adult Mental Health: The Mediating Role of Emotion Dysregulation
Authors: Nguyen Quynh , Madison Sarah , Ekas Naomi V. , Kouros Chrystyna D.
Published: May 2024

Helicopter parenting during emerging adulthood, a developmental period highlighting autonomy and self-reliance, can undermine college students’ well-being. The current study examined the mediating role of emotion dysregulation in the association between helicopter parenting and mental health outcomes among college-aged adults. A sample of 790 college students completed questionnaires on perceived helicopter parenting, emotion dysregulation, depression, social anxiety, and alcohol use. Results generally supported the hypothesized mediation model, but associations depended on the specific helicopter parenting behavior, emotion dysregulation dimension, and mental health outcome. Autonomy limiting was particularly detrimental to all emotion dysregulation dimensions and mental health, whereas information-seeking behaviors may be beneficial to emerging adults’ outcomes. Impulse control difficulties and lack of emotional clarity emerged as robust mediators. The findings highlight the importance of disentangling specific helicopter parenting behaviors as well as emotion dysregulation as a mechanism of risk, providing useful clinical implications for the improvement of college students’ well-being.