bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional Velocity Fields of the Solar Filament Eruptions Detected by CHASE
Authors: Qiu Ye , Li Chuan , Guo Yang , Li Zhen , Ding Mingde , Kong Linggao
Published: January 2024

The eruption of solar filaments, also known as prominences appearing off limb, is a common phenomenon in the solar atmosphere. It ejects massive plasma and high-energy particles into interplanetary space, disturbing the solar-terrestrial environment. It is vital to obtain the three-dimensional velocity fields of erupting filaments for space-weather predictions. We derive the three-dimensional kinematics of an off-limb prominence and an on-disk filament, respectively, using the full-disk spectral and imaging data detected by the Chinese Hα Solar Explorer (CHASE). It is found that both the prominence and the filament experience a fast semicircle-shaped expansion at first. The prominence keeps propagating outward with an increasing velocity until escaping successfully, with the south leg of the prominence finally moving back to the Sun in a swirling manner. For the filament, the internal plasma falls back to the Sun in a counterclockwise rotation in the late ejection, matching the failed eruption without a coronal mass ejection. During the eruptions, both the prominence and the filament show material splitting along the line-of-sight direction, revealed by the bimodal Hα spectral profiles. For the prominence, the splitting begins at the top and gradually spreads to almost the whole prominence with a fast blueshift component and a slow redshift component. The material splitting in the filament is more fragmental. As shown by the present results, the CHASE full-disk spectroscopic observations make it possible to systematically study the three-dimensional kinematics of solar filament eruptions.
A new species of Ditha (Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae, Tridenchthoniinae) from the Western Ghats of India, with an identification key for the genus
Authors: Jeong Kyung-Hoon , Harms Danilo , Johnson Jithin
Published: January 2024

A new species of the pseudoscorpion genus Ditha Chamberlin, 1929, is described from Kerala State, India. A detailed morphological description, diagnostic features, and illustrations of Ditha (Paraditha) shivanparaensis Jeong, Harms & Johnson, sp. nov. are provided. The current distribution of all the known Ditha species is mapped, and an identification key for the genus is provided.
Supplemental re-description of a deep-sea ascidian, Fimbrora calsubia (Ascidiacea, Enterogona), with an inference of its phylogenetic position
Authors: Hasegawa Naohiro , Hookabe Natsumi , Fujiwara Yoshihiro , Jimi Naoto , Kajihara Hiroshi
Published: January 2024

FimbroraMonniot & Monniot, 1991, a macrophagous ascidian genus within the family Ascidiidae Adams & Adams, 1858, is currently monotypic, represented byF. calsubiaMonniot & Monniot, 1991, a species previously recorded from the bottom of the South Pacific at depths of 1000–1860 m. The taxonomic status ofFimbrorahas remained ambiguous because characteristics in its branchial papillae and neural-gland opening are incompletely known in previous studies, while these traits are essential for distinguishing other ascidiid genera. So far, no nucleotide sequence representingF. calsubiais available. In this study, we collected a single specimen ofF. calsubiaat a depth of 2027 m, about 400 km off the Pacific coast of Honshu, Japan. This is the deepest record, as well as the first report from the North Pacific, for the species. Our examination indicates thatFimbrorais morphologically similar to another ascidiid genus,PsammascidiaMonniot, 1962, by having only secondary branchial papillae in the pharynx. Our phylogenetic analysis, based on the 18S ribosomal RNA and cytochromecoxidase subunit I genes, along with those of 27 ascidian species available in public databases, showed thatF. calsubiawas more closely related toAscidia zaraOka, 1935,Phallusia fumigata(Grube, 1864) andPhallusia mammilata(Cuvier, 1815) than toAscidia ceratodes(Huntsman, 1912),Ascidiella aspersa(Müller, 1776) andAscidiella scabra(Müller, 1776). Our results also indicated that acquisitions of macrophagous feeding by deep-sea members happened independently at least three times in the evolutionary history of the entire Ascidiacea.
Research advances in Graphic and Design Engineering at the UPC BarcelonaTech
Authors:   Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Farrerons Vidal Oscar , Olmedo Torre Noelia ,   Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Roncero Vivero Blanca ,   Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Villa Sicilia Arantza ,   Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
Published: January 2024

Aquest llibre recull part de la recerca que porta a terme el Departament d’Enginyeria Gràfica i de Disseny (DEGD) de la Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Com podreu llegir, és una recerca molt variada i pluridisciplinària adaptada als temps actuals, on apareixen diverses de les principals preocupacions de la comunitat científica internacional, i referenciada en algunes de les línies d’investigació de Catalunya. En el llibre trobareu tan sols una petita mostra de la temàtica dels articles publicats pels professors del DEGD en les principals revistes científiques internacionals, però també en congressos, capítols de llibre, catàlegs d’exposició, projectes competitius industrials, projectes no competitius, projectes d’innovació docent i altres projectes de propietat intel·lectual industrial. El DEGD, a més de la recerca, té assignada docència a l’Escola Superior d’Enginyeries Industrial Aeroespacial i Audiovisual de Terrassa, a l’Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria Industrial de Barcelona, a l’Escola d'Enginyeria de Barcelona Est, a l’Escola Politècnica Superior d'Enginyeria de Vilanova i la Geltrú, a l’Escola Politècnica Superior d'Enginyeria de Manresa i a l’Escola d'Enginyeria de Telecomunicació i Aeroespacial de Castelldefels. Imparteix docència en gairebé totes les titulacions que assignades en aquestes escoles, tant en graus com en màsters universitaris. A més, els professors del departament col·laboren en diversos programes de doctorat. En tot cas, la docència és una branca més des de la que s’accedeix a la recerca.
Evaluating Pediatric Ophthalmic Care Using Sentiment Analysis of Physician Review Sites
Authors: Vought Victoria , Vought Rita , Sharma Rahul , Razdan Geena , Zhu Lyndon , Sutariya Riya , Wagner Rudolph S.
Published: January 2024

Purpose:

To assess patient satisfaction within pediatric ophthalmology and identify trends in patient sentiment.

Methods:

Pediatric ophthalmologists in the United States were identified using the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus member directory. Demographic data were recorded using publicly available websites. Online written reviews and Stars ratings were obtained from Healthgrades.com. A sentiment analysis package, Valence Aware Dictionary for Sentimental Reasoning (VADER), was used to generate a compound score of reviews, and word frequency analyses were applied.

Results:

A total of 377 pediatric ophthalmologists (2,640 online reviews) were evaluated. Physicians received an average of 4.22/5 Stars and a compound sentiment score of 0.56, indicating positive sentiment. No differences in scores were observed by gender or location, although physicians with fewer years in practice had higher Stars ratings compared to peers (
P
< .001). The three most common words in the word frequency analysis of all reviews were “surgery,” “staff,” and “time,” with heavy emphasis on bedside manner and addressing patient concerns.

Conclusions:

This study demonstrates overall high patient satisfaction in pediatric ophthalmology care, with differences in sentiment based on physician demographic features. The study highlights that patient perspective is influenced by non-clinical features of care. These data may be used by pediatric ophthalmologists seeking to improve health care delivery.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2024;61(3):211–218.]
Developing mathematical models and intelligent sustainable supply chains by uncertain parameters and algorithms
Authors: Nazari Massoumeh , Nayeri Mahmoud Dehghan , Hafshjani Kiamars Fathi
Published: January 2024

In the modern era, uncertainty is a common feature of modeling techniques for designing sustainable supply chains. The increasing severity of environmental issues necessitates the integration of sustainable production in supply chain management. The present study aims to develop mathematical models and intelligent sustainable supply chains with uncertain parameters and algorithms. The goal is to design a sustainable and eco-friendly model that minimizes environmental contaminants and system costs. This descriptive-analytical study employs a novel hybrid technique to manage the uncertainty associated with the model parameters, research problems, and problem complexity, and tackle large-scale problems. The automotive industry was selected to implement the mathematical model. These combined techniques consider the disruption-induced capacity reduction and the uncertainties surrounding shipping costs and demand. Results suggest that hybrid models and techniques are efficient in solving large-scale problems and delivering high-quality processing. Further, the findings show that heuristic solutions can significantly reduce computation time for larger problems.
sEMG-based Sarcopenia risk classification using empirical mode decomposition and machine learning algorithms
Authors: Kumar Konki Sravan , Lee Daehyun , Jamsrandoj Ankhzaya , Soylu Necla Nisa , Jung Dawoon , Kim Jinwook , Mun Kyung Ryoul
Published: January 2024

Early detection of the risk of sarcopenia at younger ages is crucial for implementing preventive strategies, fostering healthy muscle development, and minimizing the negative impact of sarcopenia on health and aging. In this study, we propose a novel sarcopenia risk detection technique that combines surface electromyography (sEMG) signals and empirical mode decomposition (EMD) with machine learning algorithms. First, we recorded and preprocessed sEMG data from both healthy and at-risk individuals during various physical activities, including normal walking, fast walking, performing a standard squat, and performing a wide squat. Next, electromyography (EMG) features were extracted from a normalized EMG and its intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) were obtained through EMD. Subsequently, a minimum redundancy maximum relevance (mRMR) feature selection method was employed to identify the most influential subset of features. Finally, the performances of state-of-the-art machine learning (ML) classifiers were evaluated using a leave-one-subject-out cross-validation technique, and the effectiveness of the classifiers for sarcopenia risk classification was assessed through various performance metrics. The proposed method shows a high accuracy, with accuracy rates of 0.88 for normal walking, 0.89 for fast walking, 0.81 for a standard squat, and 0.80 for a wide squat, providing reliable identification of sarcopenia risk during physical activities. Beyond early sarcopenia risk detection, this sEMG-EMD-ML system offers practical values for assessing muscle function, muscle health monitoring, and managing muscle quality for an improved daily life and well-being.
Quijotes sin saberlo. Fantasmagorías y locura en relatos del Romanticismo alemán
Authors: Cortés Helena
Published: January 2024

Nuestra contribución trata de llamar la atención sobre la influencia del Quijote de Cervantes en los relatos fantásticos de los románticos alemanes, que fueron grandes lectores del autor español, incluso en textos en los que no se aprecia una imitación consciente y expresa de la obra cervantina ni pertenecen a la larga tradición europea de parodias del Quijote. Esta influencia de carácter más general se observa en la construcción de personajes que esponden a la categoría de “cuerdos locos” que transfiguran la realidad en determinados momentos y construyen fantasmagorías. Los personajes secundarios de estos relatos ofrecen un contraste realista al personaje protagonista y tratan de deshacer su engaño. Además, siempre hay una mujer fuertemente idealizada en el centro del relato. Nuestro análisis se basa en tres relatos de Joseph von Eichendorff, Achim von Arnim y E. T. A. Hoffmann, aparentemente muy distintos entre sí, pero unidos por estos rasgos comunes.
Cervantes cautivo en Sarajevo: lectura cervantina de El sitio de los sitios de Juan Goytisolo
Authors: Ferré Juan Francisco
Published: January 2024

Este artículo plantea una comparación entre la novela El sitio de los sitios (1995a), de Juan Goytisolo (edición inglesa: 2008), con el pensamiento cervantino y la ficción y metaficción cervantinas de Jorge Luis Borges, de un lado, y, del otro, con Tres Tristes Tigres (1967), la innovadora novela de Guillermo Cabrera Infante (edición inglesa: 1971), y con el certero análisis que Goytisolo hizo de sus mecanismos narrativos, relacionándolos con la novela fundacional de Cervantes (el Quijote).
El mito quijotesco en un texto inédito de Unamuno
Authors: Cantero María Paula
Published: January 2024

Este estudio pretende dar a conocer un texto inédito de Miguel de Unamuno en el que se manifiesta la presencia de un aspecto del mito quijotesco, el de la lectura compulsiva. Además, se intenta establecer una posible fecha de escritura del mismo, de manera tal que, a partir de nuestra investigación, se puede pensar en una correspondencia con Amor y pedagogía (1902), ya que en ambos textos se encuentra presente el mito en una de sus variantes: la del erudito o pedante quijotesco. De esta manera, el mito creado por Cervantes resulta la clave del proceso creativo de este texto que ha permanecido oculto.
De Quijotes napolitanos: notas a una exposición
Authors: Ruta Maria Caterina
Published: January 2024

Esta nota se propone comentar el catálogo de la exposición de los cartones y tapices de la colección Storie di Don Chisciotte, que Carlos de Borbón proyectó para los apartamentos del Palacio de Caserta (Nápoles 19/05/2022 - 10/01/2023). Las nuevas obras tenían que integrar los episodios de los doce Gobelins sobre el Quijote que Carlos había comprado. A su ejecución colaboraron los mejores pintores de la corte y el maestro tapicero Duranti. Vanvitelli, el arquitecto del palacio de Caserta, nunca fue favorable a la voluntad de Carlos y, de hecho, los tapices no se expusieron nunca en los apartamentos del Palacio de Caserta. Los excelentes estudios efectuados han permitido reconstruir los dos siglos de las aventuras que sufrieron las obras hasta parar definitivamente entre el Palacio Real de Nápoles y el Quirinal de Roma.
De l'histoire, du sport, et des images
Authors: Laffage-Cosnier Sébastien
Published: January 2024

Comment devient-on historien à l’université lorsqu’on s’intéresse au domaine marginal, et considéré comme superficiel, des images de sport ? Comment légitimer la culture visuelle sportive dans un contexte universitaire qui a tendance à hiérarchiser les objets de recherche en fonction de leur prestige social et académique ?À la croisée d’une réflexion ego-historique et d’une fiction littéraire, cet itinéraire d’un historien du sport nous invite à suivre les méandres d’une trajectoire professionnelle singulière. Il révèle l’influence des déterminismes sociaux et le poids des blessures nourrissant des résiliences. Il dévoile des mécanismes de résistance aux contraintes exercées par le système dominant ou encore d’étranges concours de circonstances. Prenant forme à la fois dans les stades et sur les estrades, les engagements politiques et humanistes de l’auteur prennent vie dans ce récit original et incisif.
Sororité et colonialisme
Authors: Barthélémy Pascale
Published: January 2024

Qui connaît Célestine Ouezzin-Coulibaly, Jacqueline Chonavel, Loffo Camara, Marie-Hélène Lefaucheux, Germaine Guillé, Sœur Marie-André du Sacré-Cœur, Jane Vialle, Vicky Cauche, Aoua Keita, Renée Stibbe, Andrée Dore-Audibert, Jeanne Martin Cissé, Gisèle Rabesahala et tant d’autres ? D’Afrique et de France, engagées dans des associations, des syndicats et des partis politiques, elles participèrent au grand mouvement des décolonisations. Ce livre raconte leurs combats pour les droits des femmes et pour l’égalité, interroge la possibilité d’un « Nous, les femmes » malgré les différences de couleur de peau et de culture, les inégalités de statuts et de droits, le racisme et la violence. Familier du monde anglophone, le terme de sororité est récemment revenu sur le devant de la scène politique et médiatique en France. Célébrée par les féministes, « sœurs politiques » en lutte, la sororité est aussi souvent considérée comme illusoire. À l’heure du féminisme postcolonial et de l’afroféminisme, ce livre revient en arrière pour décrire les luttes communes mais aussi les rapports de domination entre des femmes blanches, noires et métisses, de la Seconde Guerre mondiale aux premières années des indépendances africaines. Il mêle histoire coloniale de la France et histoire de l’Afrique. Il interroge l’histoire des féminismes et de ses liens avec le communisme et l’impérialisme. Il inscrit l’histoire des mobilisations politiques des femmes d’Afrique dans une dimension transnationale. Au fil des pages, en dessinant les contours d’une improbable sororité au temps du colonialisme et de la guerre froide, il propose une autre histoire des décolonisations.
Aux intersections de la géographie sociale et de la géohistoire. Dimensions sociales, spatiales et temporelles
Authors: Dumont Isabelle
Published: January 2024

Au-delà du titre assez général, cette contribution propose des hypothèses de travail pour affronter la question du caractère indissociable des trois dimensions. Elle interroge trois notions chères à la géographie : l’espace, la frontière et l’échelle. Loin d’être incompatibles ou concurrentes, les deux approches, celle de la géographie sociale et celle de la géohistoire, semblent plutôt complémentaires : pour l’une, donner plus de profondeur à l’analyse de l’espace de la géographie sociale et pour l’autre, accorder plus d’attention aux interactions d’échelles en géohistoire. L’approche géohistorique prend davantage en considération l’épaisseur temporelle alors que l’immédiateté temporelle est plus caractéristique de la géographie sociale. Des objets de recherche différents ? Des méthodologies différentes ? Oui, probablement, mais cela ne signifie pas que ces différences doivent être vues comme des obstacles. L’idée de base n’est pas de juxtaposer les deux approches mais au contraire de les associer dans la construction de l’objet de recherche et surtout dans le processus d’analyse. Examiner l’évolution historique des phénomènes socio-spatiaux permettrait, d’une part de distinguer les éléments structurels et conjoncturels, et d’autre part de tenter d’expliquer comment et pourquoi ces phénomènes se sont différenciés dans des territoires divers. Dans l’autre sens, il est important de prêter davantage attention aux expressions socio-spatiales variées, inégales et hiérarchisées, prenant en considération les aspects fonctionnels du quotidien (habiter, travailler, etc.) et les interactions qui les influencent. La géographie, comme science sociale, rend compte de l’organisation évolutive de l’espace en tant que résultante des dynamiques « naturelles », des dynamiques socio-économiques, des idéologies politiques successives, mais surtout des tensions et des contrastes qui se produisent à des niveaux multiscalaires ou transcalaires (tenant compte de l’indissociabilité des dimensions spatiale, sociale et temporelle).
La géographie sociale en Italie
Authors: Lombardi Daniela
Published: January 2024

Cette contribution vise à discuter le processus d’affirmation de la géographie sociale en Italie. Dans un premier temps, le faible intérêt de la communauté scientifique italienne vis-à-vis de la discipline est manifeste, discipline dont elle n’a souvent qu’une connaissance partielle sur ce qui constitue sa spécificité. Par ailleurs, le nombre de scientifiques qui s’en occupent est modeste. Ce travail parcourt les premiers pas, difficiles, de la discipline, en cernant les précurseurs et les acteurs, et en insistant sur quelques pôles universitaires dans lesquels s’est développée une sorte de géographie sociale non déclarée. Il analyse ensuite le rapport entre la géographie et la géographie sociale, à travers l’examen attentif d’importants travaux théorico-méthodologiques publiés depuis vingt-cinq ans. Se dessine un panorama d’ombres et de lumières : en effet, si dans certains cas la géographie sociale conquiert un espace en fin de compte significatif, dans d’autres elle est, en somme, ignorée. Dans tous les cas, l’étude montre qu’à partir des années 1980, parallèlement à une forte ouverture vers les théories sociales, on enregistre un crédit majeur accordé à la discipline. Aujourd’hui, pourtant, il est encore difficile d’évaluer quel est le poids réel de la géographie sociale dans le paysage italien ; comme il est également difficile de rendre compte du nombre de chercheurs qui la pratiquent, car ceux qui le déclarent sont encore peu nombreux. En Italie, on la pratique souvent sans l’étiqueter comme telle : on a cherché à identifier la géographie sociale « là où on ne dit pas que ça en est ». Ont tout d’abord été analysées les contributions parues dans les principales revues géographiques italiennes ; ensuite, ont été identifiés les lieux et les scientifiques qui, selon nous, pratiquent effectivement la géographie sociale.
Adapting to Change
Authors: Minz Nitish Kumar , Sha Ayushi , Yadav Monika
Published: January 2024

This chapter explores the adaptation of human resource management systems (HRMS) in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in response to shifting market dynamics, particularly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic prompted SMEs to embrace flexible work arrangements, leading to the rise of remote and flexible workplaces. However, challenges such as limited resources, resistance to change, and technology integration persist. To tackle these hurdles, a strategic approach is vital. Effective HRMS planning, communication, technology utilization, and external expertise can help SMEs overcome these challenges. Strategic alignment of HR practices with organizational goals, clear change management, and technology-driven measurement methods are essential for successful HRMS implementation. Ultimately, this chapter underscores the importance of strategic HRMS evolution for SMEs in a dynamic business landscape.
The Symbiotic Triad of Blue Ocean Leadership, Hope Preservation, and Self-Connection
Authors: Aftab Saima
Published: January 2024

This chapter explores the relationship between three concepts that are essential for effective leadership in the 21st century: blue ocean leadership, hope preservation, and self-connection. Blue ocean leadership is an approach that aims to unlock the untapped talent and energy of employees by focusing on what acts and activities leaders need to undertake to boost their teams' motivation and business results. Hope preservation is the ability to maintain a positive and optimistic outlook in the face of challenges and uncertainties, while self-connection is the awareness and alignment of one's values, passions, and strengths with one's actions and goals. This chapter argues that these three concepts form a symbiotic triad that can enhance leaders' effectiveness and performance, as well as their well-being and satisfaction. The chapter also provides practical suggestions on how leaders can apply the symbiotic triad in their own contexts.
Utilizing Organic Waste for Biopesticide: Efficacy and Mortality Test against Spodoptera litura with Entomopathogenic Microorganisms
Authors: Darmawan Raden , Agustina Sashi , Afifah Aini Nisa'ul , Pramoryza Michellia , Juliastuti Sri Rachmania
Published: January 2024

Spodoptera litura is an agricultural pest that attacks almost all types of herbaceous plants, especially vegetable commodities. Spodoptera litura causes serious damage during the immature or larval stage. The attack of Spodoptera litura larvae can cause significant losses to farmers. To deal with these pests, they still use chemicals that have a negative effect on the environment. Therefore, a good solution is required by utilizing biological agents to control agricultural insect pests. It is an alternative strategy that is more environmentally friendly than the use of chemical pesticides. Research on the use of biocontrol agents as biological control agents for insect pests is still being pursued, one of which is the use of entomopathogenic microorganisms. Biological control using entomopathogenic bacteria is an alternative strategy that is effective and environmentally friendly compared to the use of synthetic insecticides. This study aims to determine the mortality rate from the use of organic waste and bacteria against pathogenic pests Spodoptera litura and to determine the activity of pathogenic pests Spodoptera litura after treatment. This study begins with observations to determine the log phase of bacterial growth by culturing bacteria. The tested bacterial cultures were grown on nutrient broth media so that the bacteria were observed and counted using a hemocytometer method to determine the contact time. The next step was to make nutrient broth liquid media and sterilize using an autoclave at 121°C for 15 minutes. Prepare organic waste of coconut water and 10% molasses to be contacted between the substrate and bacteria. Spodoptera litura was collected from Keputran Market Surabaya - Indonesia every day. Spodoptera litura was treated with biopesticide and mustard greens once at t = 0 hours and the activity and mortality rates were observed at 4 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours. The results showed that the best variable in % mortality was the consortium of bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and the bacterial community of Sidoarjo mud and a mixture of organic waste coconut water with a pathogenicity value of LT50 for 22 hours and mortality rate at 100%.
Influence of Current Density for Pollutant Removal from Palm Oil Mill Effluent
Authors: Ulfa Preceillia Ciptaning , Mirwan Agus , Wicakso Doni Rahmat , Sahrani Sahrani , Azwari Akhmad Fadly , Lestarif Liza Helmalia , Maliyah Nur
Published: January 2024

Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is one of the main problems generated by the palm oil industry in the form of high solids, oils and grease, as well as very high biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solid (TSS). Electrocoagulation (EC) is an electrochemical process that destabilizes the charge of a pollutant using an electric current through an electrode and traps the pollutant in the floc so that it can be separated from the mixture. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the removal of BOD, COD, and TSS from POME using EC process. POME was obtained from the outlet pond of PT. X which is located in Jorong District, South Kalimantan with very high BOD, COD, and TSS content. The EC process uses a series of modified electrocoagulation devices, 3 mm aluminum plate, and Riden RD6012W Digital DC. The optimization of the EC process includes parameters for different currents density (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 mA cm-2), and reaction time (30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240, 270 min). While other parameters that are considered constant are aluminum electrode, inter-electrode distance 3 mm, temperature and pH. The results showed that the highest % removal of BOD and COD occurred at currents density of 4 and 6 mA/cm2 with a time of 270 minutes of 99% and 78% respectively. While the TSS is 93% at currents density of 6 mA cm-2 and 270 minutes.
Treatment of Laboratory Wastewater with High Sulfate Concentrations Using Eco-Enzyme as an Environment-Friendly Coagulant
Authors: Wibowo Agus Hadi , Irawan Chairul , Tuhuloula Abubakar , Mu'minah Ridhayanti
Published: January 2024

Laboratory activities for testing nitrogen levels of natural rubber production are carried out to determine the nitrogen content to meet the Standard Indonesian Rubber (SIR). The test parameters use hazardous chemicals such as strong acids, i.e. sulfuric acid, which have corrosive properties. Testing activities in the laboratory will produce by-products in the form of liquid wastewater containing high sulfate concentrations. A cheap and environmentally friendly wastewater treatment system is required in this research, namely a coagulation-flocculation system using eco-enzyme as a liquid coagulant. Eco-enzyme is a fermented product of household organic waste from the remaining vegetables and fruit peels that are still fresh with a 1:3:10 formula after around 3 months. The purpose of this research was to determine the levels of COD, TDS, and sulfate concentrations as an indicator of wastewater quality standards that are safe for the environment. It is necessary to know the effectiveness of the eco-enzyme as a coagulant in treating laboratory wastewater with various concentrations of 1, 5, 10, 20, and 40% v/v. As well as variations in monitoring time of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30 days. In this study, laboratory waste treatment with Eco-Enzyme as a coagulant resulted in a decrease in sulfate levels at 29.8 mg/L found at 1% v/v Eco-Enzyme concentration with monitoring for 30 days. With levels of COD 263 mg/L, TDS 39.7 mg/L, and pH 7.01 at a concentration of 40% v/v Eco-Enzyme. The results of this study indicate that Eco-Enzyme can act as a natural coagulant that is environmentally friendly and can degrade laboratory liquid waste so that it meets wastewater quality standards that are safe for the environment.
Potential of Using Fly Ash as an Additional Mixture for Planting Medium
Authors: Darmawan Raden , Koesnadi Claudya Stanila , Farhan Muhammad , Juliastuti Sri Rachmania , Fahmi Zachri Mochammad , Yunastyo Endrik Purbo
Published: January 2024

Increased use of coal has an impact on the environment because of the waste from coal combustion residual. It also has an impact on the management of waste due to limited land for the temporary storage of waste owned by the coal user industry. In the Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 22 of 2021 concerning the Implementation of Environmental Protection and Management, fly ash and bottom ash are registered as non-hazardous waste. The addition of fly ash to the planting medium can affect soil fertility and biota in the soil. The number of heavy metals contained in the soil to which fly ash is added depends on the amount of fly ash so that it can affect the heavy metals in plants. The number of microbial populations in the soil such as fungi and actinomycetes in the soil decreases with the added concentration of fly ash which is due to changes in soil pH such as denitrifying microbes. In this research, cocopeat, and guano growing media were used in a ratio of 1:1. The addition of fly ash to the planting medium were 20%, 30%, and 40%. In addition, this research also evaluated the effect of the addition of EM4 and the selected microbes on the growing media mixture. The planting medium was aerobically fermented for one week, two weeks, and three weeks. Then it was tested for macro elements, the number of bacteria, moisture, and pH every week. The mixture of planting media was tested on mustard pakcoy for one month to see the growth of the plant indicated by the number of leaves and plant height. From the results of this research, it was found that bacteria affect the growing media (pH, the number of microbes, phosphate, and potassium) and the plant growth in the height and total of leaves. Variations in the addition of fly ash to the growing media affect phosphate and aluminium content.
Optimization Using Central Composite Design (CCD) on Cellulose Acetate/Polyethylene Glycol Composite Beads for Adsorption of Methylene Blue in Batch System
Authors: Ramadhan Fira Rizky , Assegaf Talitha Adella , Asri Citra Kartika , Rahmawati Nurul , Ni'mah Hikmatun , Kurniawansyah Firman , Qadariyah Lailatul , Sutikno Juwari Purwo
Published: January 2024

Textile dyes waste can cause a big problem for the environment. Adsorption is a simple approach in treatment of textile dyes waste. On the other hand, the use of disposable adsorbents also creates production cost problems because they are less economic. Currently, research on adsorbents is forwarded to the use of biopolymers such as chitosan, chitin, and cellulose. This research studied the use of cellulose beads, made from cellulose acetate (CA) blended with polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200), as adsorbent in removing cationic dye of methylene blue (MB). Adsorption performance of cellulose beads was evaluated and optimized under variation of adsorption conditions (pH, beads dose, dye concentration) and PEG200 content. Optimization was carried out by using response surface methodology (RSM) with a face-centered central composite design (FCCD) model. The results showed that the optimum condition was obtained at pH of 7, beads dose of 2 g/L, dye concentration of 20 mg/L for bead composition of CA/PEG200 (90/10). The optimum % dye removal predicted by the design model was 52.4706 %.
Resistance of Paecilomyces variotii Mold Ascospores to Dense CO2 and Dense CO2- Assisted Thermal Processing
Authors: Evelyn Evelyn , Chairul Chairul , Lamboi Lamboi , Choyungsya Arie
Published: January 2024

P
aecilomyces
variotii is one of the heat-resistant fungi that causes spoilage problems, especially in processed fruit products. Many non-thermal methods have been tested for their efficacy to inactivate spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms. The objectives of this study were to use dense CO2 (HPCD) and their combination with thermal processing at 50-90oC to reduce the population of P. variotii mold ascospores in orange juice. Application of dense CO2 between 0.4 to 0.8 MPa for 30 min only reduced <1.0 log of these spores. The highest log reductions achieved (2.24 log) were shown by sequential treatments of 0.8 Mpa pressurized CO2 for 30 min followed by 90oC-30 min thermal processes. Soluble solid content (10-30oBrix) affected the spore reduction by dense CO2-assisted thermal processing, being higher at lower oBrix. These results indicate that P. variotii mold ascospores were highly resistant to these treatments. Increasing the pressure of HPCD treatment might improve the log reductions required for food pasteurization.
Amylose Isolation of Cassava Starch with the Combination of High Shear Mixer and Centrifugation Treatment to Improve the Quality of Resistant Starch Type 3 (RS-3) Products
Authors: Fatimah Siti , Hafied Marisa Asrietd , Indiasih Putu Ayu Yuliani , Airlangga Bramantyo , Rahmawati Yeni , Roesyadi Achmad , Sumarno Sumarno
Published: January 2024

Cassava starch is a common food ingredient that has a high carbohydrate content. It can be modified into resistant starch type 3 (RS-3) that has lower glycemic index. The common production of RS-3 includes gelatinization to free the amylose from the granule structure, then followed by cooling to induce retrogradation. The granule structure of cassava starch resists the structure disintegration so that it is unable to produce high resistant starch content in the retrogradation process. In this study, High Shear Mixing (HSM) was used to help the gelatinization process to provide cassava starch structure disintegration. The centrifugation was carried out to separate the low free-amylose and high free-amylose liquid layers. This paper examines the relationship between the effect of variations in rotational speed (rpm) of HSM on the amount of resistant starch as a percentage of dietary fiber. A 1:20 starch-water suspension was processed using an HSM with rotational speeds of 9.000, 10.000, 11.000, and 12.000 at a temperature of 95°C for 15 minutes. After the stirring process, the water starch suspension was separated by centrifugation for 30 minutes. Then the samples were cooled in the refrigerator for 24 hours, then dried under freeze-drying method. The product that has been obtained is then analyzed by Total Dietary Fiber (TDF), amylose, and carbohydrate analysis. From the analysis of the result, this method can increase the TDF content of the product up to 14,66% at 12.000 rpm.
Comparative Effect of Glucose-Lowering Drugs for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Stroke Prevention: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kim Ji Soo , Lee Gyeongsil , Park Kyung-Il , Oh Seung-Won
Published: January 2024

Background: There is still a lack of research on which diabetic drugs are more effective in preventing stroke. Our network metaanalysis aimed to compare cerebrovascular benefits among glucose-lowering treatments.Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the ClinicalTrials.gov registry for clinical trials from inception through May 25, 2021. We included both prespecified cerebrovascular outcomes and cerebrovascular events reported as severe adverse events. Subgroup analyses were conducted by stroke subtype, publication type, age of patients, baseline glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular risks.Results: Of 2,861 reports and 1,779 trials screened, 79 randomized controlled trials comprising 206,387 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. In the pairwise meta-analysis, the use of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonist was associated with a lower risk of total stroke compared with placebo (relative risk [RR], –0.17; 95% confidence interval [CI], –0.27 to –0.07). In the network meta- analysis, only the use of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor was associated with a reduction of total stroke, compared with placebo (RR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.98). In the subgroup analyses, the use of SGLT-2 inhibitor and GLP-1 agonist was associated with a lower risk of stroke in those with high HbA1c (≥8.0) and low-risk of cardiovascular disease, respectively.Conclusion: SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 agonists were shown to be beneficial for stroke prevention in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Abrupt Decline in Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate after Initiating Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors Predicts Clinical Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chuang Min-Hsiang , Tang Yu-Shuo , Chen Jui-Yi , Pan Heng-Chih , Liao Hung-Wei , Chu Wen-Kai , Cheng Chung-Yi , Wu Vin-Cent , Heung Michael
Published: January 2024

Background: The initiation of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) typically leads to a reversible initial dip in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The implications of this phenomenon on clinical outcomes are not well-defined.Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library from inception to March 23, 2023 to identify randomized controlled trials and cohort studies comparing kidney and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with and without initial eGFR dip after initiating SGLT2i. Pooled estimates were calculated using random-effect meta-analysis.Results: We included seven studies in our analysis, which revealed that an initial eGFR dip following the initiation of SGLT2i was associated with less annual eGFR decline (mean difference, 0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.437 to 0.843) regardless of baseline eGFR. The risk of major adverse kidney events was similar between the non-dipping and dipping groups but reduced in patients with a ≤10% eGFR dip (hazard ratio [HR], 0.915; 95% CI, 0.865 to 0.967). No significant differences were observed in the composite of hospitalized heart failure and cardiovascular death (HR, 0.824; 95% CI, 0.633 to 1.074), hospitalized heart failure (HR, 1.059; 95% CI, 0.574 to 1.952), or all-cause mortality (HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.589 to 1.170). The risk of serious adverse events (AEs), discontinuation of SGLT2i due to AEs, kidney-related AEs, and volume depletion were similar between the two groups. Patients with >10% eGFR dip had increased risk of hyperkalemia compared to the non-dipping group.Conclusion: Initial eGFR dip after initiating SGLT2i might be associated with less annual eGFR decline. There were no significant disparities in the risks of adverse cardiovascular outcomes between the dipping and non-dipping groups.
Hepatic Fibrosis and Cancer: The Silent Threats of Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Friedman Scott L.
Published: January 2024

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic (fatty) liver disease (MASLD), previously termed non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, is a worldwide epidemic that can lead to hepatic inflammation, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The disease is typically a component of the metabolic syndrome that accompanies obesity, and is often overlooked because the liver manifestations are clinically silent until late-stage disease is present (i.e., cirrhosis). Moreover, Asian populations, including Koreans, have a higher fraction of patients who are lean, yet their illness has the same prognosis or worse than those who are obese. Nonetheless, ongoing injury can lead to hepatic inflammation and ballooning of hepatocytes as classic features. Over time, fibrosis develops following activation of hepatic stellate cells, the liver’s main fibrogenic cell type. The disease is usually more advanced in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, indicating that all diabetic patients should be screened for liver disease. Although there has been substantial progress in clarifying pathways of injury and fibrosis, there no approved therapies yet, but current research seeks to uncover the pathways driving hepatic inflammation and fibrosis, in hopes of identifying new therapeutic targets. Emerging molecular methods, especially single cell sequencing technologies, are revolutionizing our ability to clarify mechanisms underlying MASLD-associated fibrosis and HCC.
Exploring the relationship between ambient sulfur dioxide and semen quality parameters: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bahreiny Seyed Sobhan , Aghaei Mojtaba , Dabbagh Mohammad Reza , Ghorbani Hamid , Javidan Moslem , Fard Reza Mohammadpour
Published: January 2024

Objective:

To investigate the relationship between ambient sulfur dioxide (SO2) exposure and semen quality parameters.

Methods:

A systematic literature search was conducted to identify relevant studies investigating the association between SO2 exposure and semen quality parameters. This search encompassed the timeframe from January 2000 to May 2023 and included electronic databases such as Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus. Pooled effect estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using percent changes (PC). The meta-analysis included seven studies with 6 711 participants and 15 087 semen samples.

Results:

The results revealed a significant negative association between ambient SO2 exposure and certain semen quality parameters. In particular, SO2 exposure was associated with a significant decrease in progressive motility (PC=0.032; 95% CI: -0.063 to -0.001; P=0.044) and sperm concentration (PC = -0.020; 95% CI: -0.036 to -0.005; P=0.012). However, no statistically significant associations were observed for total sperm count (PC = -0.038; 95% CI: -0.079 to 0.003; P=0.070), seminal fluid volume (PC = -0.009; 95% CI: -0.048 to -0.030; P=0.662) and sperm motility (PC = -0.17; 95% CI: -0.363 to 0.022; P=0.830). In addition, the results of the subgroup analysis revealed specific variables that were associated with the decrease in relevant sperm parameters.

Conclusions:

This systematic review and meta-analysis provides compelling evidence supporting a consistent negative association between exposure to ambient SO2 and semen quality parameters.
Assessment of corneal parameters in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Özkaya Dilek , Doğru Atalay , Baykal Tuba
Published: January 2024

Purpose:

To assess the corneal parameters in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.

Methods:

We enrolled 64 patients with RA (32 receiving biologic and 32 receiving conventional drugs) and 32 healthy subjects. Keratometric values (anterior flat [K1], steep [K2], and mean keratometry [Km]), corneal thickness from the pupil center (CCT), apex (ACT), and the thinnest point (TCT), and corneal volume (CV) were measured and compared between the groups.

Results:

K1, K2, and Km values were significantly higher in the RA group (P = 0.013,P= 0.048,P= 0.027, respectively). The means of CCT, ACT, TCT, and CV were significantly lower in RA patients (P < 0.001,P< 0.001,P< 0.001,P= 0.011, respectively). When we divided RA patients into two groups according to the treatment and compared them to controls, the differences in K1, CCT, ACT, TCT and CV were significant (P = 0.030,P= 0.005,P= 0.001,P= 0.001,P= 0.034, respectively). K1 and CV values of RA-biologic group were similar to the control group (P= 0.205 andP= 0.127, respectively).

Conclusion:

Biologic agents contribute to the improvement of K1 and CV values in patients with RA.
Comparison of visual outcomes in patients implanted with Tecnis Eyhance ICB00 and 1-Piece ZCB00 monofocal intraocular lenses
Authors: Singh Gagandeep , Sidhharthan K S , Reddy Jagadeesh K , Sundaram Vandana , Thulasidas Mithun
Published: January 2024

Purpose:

To compare the visual outcomes and monocular defocus curve of a new monofocal Tecnis Eyhance IOL (Tecnis ICB00) with Tecnis 1 single piece (ZCB00).

Methods:

Eighty patients diagnosed with cataract were divided into two groups: Tecnis ICB00 (n = 40) and ZCB00 (n = 40). The visual outcome was evaluated using the following parameters: uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), uncorrected intermediate visual acuity (UIVA), uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), distance corrected intermediate visual acuity (DCIVA), corrected near visual acuity (CNVA), uncorrected visual acuity contrast sensitivity (UVACS), best-corrected visual acuity contrast sensitivity (BCVACS), manifest refraction, and defocus curve and was compared at the 6th week and 3 months after surgery.

Results:

The UIVA and UNVA were significantly (P < 0.05) better in ICB00 as compared with ZCB00 at 6 weeks and 3 months postoperative. The DCIVA was significantly better in ICB00 as compared with ZCB00 at 3 months postoperative (−0.015 ± 0.04 vs. 0.01 ± 0.020; P = 0.01). Regarding contrast sensitivity, UVACS and BCVACS were significantly better in ICB00 as compared with ZCB00 at 6 weeks and 3 months postoperative (P < 0.05). The defocus curves showed that the mean visual acuity of the ICB00 group was significantly better than that of the ZCB00 group at between – 0.5 D and – 2.50 D of defocus.

Conclusion:

In patients undergoing cataract surgery, Eyhance ICB00 provided better intermediate vision as compared with ZCB00.