bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LAPAROSCOPIC APPROACH IN THE TREATMENT OF INGUINAL HERNIAS IN PATIENTS AFTER RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY: COMPARISON OF TARR AND TER RESULTS
Authors: Gallyamov E. A. , Agapov M. A. , Wu Z. , Kakotkin V. V. , Kuznetsova A. A. , Wang Yu. , Wang Y. , Zhang X. , Zhang J.
Published: June 2022

Aim: To compare and evaluate the immediate and long-term results of performing transabdominal preperitoneal hernioplasty (TAPP) and total extraperitoneal hernioplasty (TEP) for the treatment of inguinal hernias after surgical treatment of prostate cancer;

Material and method: the study is a clinical analytical prospective study, with the use of randomization. The study included 88 patients with inguinal hernia, who were randomly divided into two groups (group A (n = 44) and group B (n = 44)). Patients in group A received TEP, those in group B received TAPP. The end points of the study were the results associated with the operation itself and the prognosis of the disease in the two groups.

Results: Group A: one patient had a scrotal hematoma, in 2 cases nosocomial pneumonia or infectious complications from the postoperative wound. The overall rate of early postoperative complications was 6.8%. In group B, the following postoperative complications were reported: in one case, intestinal injury, 1 case of acute urinary retention, 2 cases of scrotal hematoma. The overall incidence of early postoperative complications was 9.1%. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups (χ = 0.009, P > 0.05).

Conclusion: During the analysis of the obtained results, no statistically significant difference was found in the duration of hospitalization, the volume of blood loss and the severity of the pain syndrome (P> 0.05); however, the comparison groups differed in the duration of the operation: the operation time in group A was longer than in group B. (P＜0.05).
DEVELOPMENT OF THE TAILORED APPROACH IN INGUINAL HERNIA REPAIR
Authors: Agapov M. A. , Kakotkin V. V. , Yudina V. D. , Kadrev A. V. , Garmanova T. N.
Published: June 2022

The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a personalized algorithm for determining the technique of surgical treatment of inguinal hernias, which allows choosing the optimal operational tactics (its modifications) depending on the anthropometric, clinical, instrumental data of the patient.

In the course of the study, the results of the application of a clinical algorithm in the Medical research and Educational center of Lomonosov Moscow State University for patients with unilateral non-incarcerated symptomatic inguinal hernias were analyzed. The frequencies of the main postoperative adverse outcomes of the research group were compared using the algorithm and patients of the German Herniamed Hernia Register, for whom only standard principles of surgical intervention selection are applied, the main provisions of the recommendations of the international HerniaSurge Group of experts. In some cases individual exceptional factors of patients were taken into account.

The frequency of chronic pain and pain requiring repeated surgery was significantly lower than the average frequencies of the German Herniamed register (13.8% vs 28.7% (p<0.00001) and 0.99% vs 3.8% (p=0.0103) respectively). At the same time, the frequency of adverse outcomes, such as relapses and early postoperative complications, is similar to international population data.
SURGICAL TREATMENT FOR SLIPPED CAPUT FEMORAL EPIPHYSIS
Authors: Egiazaryan K. A. , Grigoriev A. V. , Ratyev A. P. , Ershov D. S.
Published: June 2022

Aim: improvement of outcomes of slipped caput femoral epiphysis.

Materials and methods: This article analyses the treatment of 198 patients with different stages of slipped caput femoral epiphysis.

Results: due to the high rate of disability in patients with slipped caput femoral epiphysis and the variety of methods of surgical treatment of this pathology, the analysis of the most common treatment options for slipped caput femoral epiphysis, depending on the stage of the disease, was carried out and the algorithm to determine the most appropriate surgical treatment option was developed.

Conclusions: The developed algorithm for surgical treatment choice in juvenile slipped caput femoral epiphysis makes it possible to decide on the treatment of slipped caput femoral epiphysis as quickly as possible and to perform surgical treatment at an early stage, immediately after the pathology is identified.

The treatment methods used in the development of the algorithm are for the most part technically simple to perform. The fixation methods make it possible to carry out early activation and rehabilitation of the patient, which considerably improves the patient's quality of life.
Inflation targeting in Singapore. Lessons for Ukraine
Authors: Gergun Artem
Published: June 2022

Russian aggression in Ukraine posed a difficult task for Ukrainian monetary authorities. In order to keep stability of national currency exchange rate the National Bank of Ukraine (NBU) fixed the U.S. dollar exchange rate immediately after the start of the conflict. However, NBU acknowledged that it considers fixed exchange rate as an impediment to inflation targeting, which NBU has chosen as its policy for money and credit since 2014. The main aim of this article is to show that inflation targeting is possible under fixed exchange rate regime. Thus, the problem of policy choice for NBU is not so dramatic. Price stability is compatible with management of exchange rate in both practical and theoretical perspectives. In order to prove this thesis, we will look into Singapore’s experience of targeting inflation with fixed exchange rate.

Singaporean experience of managing its exchange rate proves that greater flexibility is possible in the context of monetary policy choice. Depending on a situation Singaporean central bank is able to “lean against the wind” and shift swiftly between the corners of “Impossible Trinity” allowing greater control over exchange rate and interest rate in a short-term time horizon. Furthermore, management of exchange rate is compatible with inflation targeting paradigm which is strongly advised for a small-open economy by international financial organizations such as IMF. Singaporean experience also proves that the reaction function of MAS is compatible with the Taylor rule. Eventually, Singaporean economy maintains price stability without committing its monetary policy to interest rate targeting exclusively.
Financial security during a pandemic SARS-CoV-2 Coronovirus pandemic in Poland
Authors: Puacz-Olszewska Jolanta
Published: June 2022

The year 2020 was sure dominated by the pandemic caused by the new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. Many effects of the COVID-19 pandemic appeared in the Polish economic reality, including those related to financial security. In connection with these changes, many important questions have arisen, among others: will the financial systems of Poland be stable during the evolving crisis situations, intensively changing social and economic conditions, and will the people participating in these systems be safe from a macro-and microeconomic perspective? In the face of the situation, are the safety net institutions prepared to fight the economic crisis? The aim of the article is to analyse and evaluate the Polish financial system during the pandemic. Efforts were made to indicate the impact of the negative consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on the country's financial security.

The pandemic affects the country’s economy in two ways, it has stalled many manufacturing industries and there has been a gap in the supply of products to the domestic market. All sectors of the economy experience disruptions leading to a shortage of good and the resulting higher prices thereof. Limited economic activity also generates lower tax revenues. Because it is precisely when the government increases spending, it results in larger fiscal deficits and greater public debt.

The article focuses on discussing the potential effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the stability of the financial system in Poland.
Formation features and economic forecast of the production potential growth of the agro-food organizations
Authors: Volkava Katsiaryna
Published: June 2022

The article considers the main approaches to the composition, structural elements, features and assessment of the production potential of organizations in the agro-food sector. The application of an integrated approach to assessing the production potential of organizations in the agro-food sector according to the scheme: resources-maximum opportunities-result-evaluation-forecast has been substantiated. Based on these positions, fixed and working capital, labor resources can be combined into the concept of "production potential of organizations in the agro-food sector". If there are sufficient resources, their rational structure, the organization of the agro-food sector has the necessary conditions for production and commercial activities, the achievement of planned goals and development parameters, and the generation of economic benefits. The assessment of the level of the production potential of the agro-food sector is based on the use of the following approaches: dialectical, which allows us to consider the production potential as a complex, multilateral, contradictory phenomenon, taking into account its development and constant movement; systemic, which allows to explore the production potential as an integral complex of interrelated elements, to establish the method, nature of the relationship between them, as well as the internal relationship of categories; synergistic, considering the production potential as a self-developing system, which makes it possible to justify its growth as a result of combining individual elements into a single system, that is, by obtaining a systemic effect.
Bipolar Ephemeral Active Regions, Magnetic Flux Cancellation, and Solar Magnetic Explosions
Authors: Moore Ronald L. , Panesar Navdeep K. , Sterling Alphonse C. , Tiwari Sanjiv K.
Published: June 2022

We examine the cradle-to-grave magnetic evolution of 10 bipolar ephemeral active regions (BEARs) in solar coronal holes, especially aspects of the magnetic evolution leading to each of 43 obvious microflare events. The data are from the Solar Dynamics Observatory: 211 Å coronal EUV images and line-of-sight photospheric magnetograms. We find evidence that (1) each microflare event is a magnetic explosion that results in a miniature flare arcade astride the polarity inversion line (PIL) of the explosive lobe of the BEAR’s anemone magnetic field; (2) relative to the BEAR’s emerged flux-rope Ω loop, the anemone’s explosive lobe can be an inside lobe, an outside lobe, or an inside-and-outside lobe; (3) 5 events are confined explosions, 20 events are mostly confined explosions, and 18 events are blowout explosions, which are miniatures of the magnetic explosions that make coronal mass ejections (CMEs); (4) contrary to the expectation of Moore et al., none of the 18 blowout events explode from inside the BEAR’s Ω loop during the Ω loop’s emergence; and (5) before and during each of the 43 microflare events, there is magnetic flux cancellation at the PIL of the anemone’s explosive lobe. From finding evident flux cancellation at the underlying PIL before and during all 43 microflare events—together with BEARs evidently being miniatures of all larger solar bipolar active regions—we expect that in essentially the same way, flux cancellation in sunspot active regions prepares and triggers the magnetic explosions for many major flares and CMEs.
Photosphere Recession and Luminosity of Homologous Explosions Revisited
Authors: Jiang Hong-Xuan , Liu Xue-Wen , You Zhi-Yong
Published: June 2022

By assuming the photosphere located at the outmost edge of the ejecta, Arnett et al. (1980, 1982, 1989) presented the light curves of homologous explosions in supernovae analytically and numerically to include recombination effects. Actually as homologous expansion proceeds, the photosphere recedes deeper into the ejecta. In this situation, the photosphere radius increases at early times and decreases later on, which can be described by a simple method proposed by Liu et al. To study how the photosphere recession affects the luminosity evolution, we impose a boundary condition on the photosphere to determine the spatial and time distribution of the temperature of the ejecta, which is clarified to be reasonable. We find that the photosphere recession reduces the luminosity compared with the previous result without the recession, which can be tested with observations of Type-IIP supernovae.
Influence of Spontaneous Fission Rates on the r-process Nucleosynthesis
Authors: Hao Y. W. , Niu Y. F. , Niu Z. M.
Published: June 2022

The effects of spontaneous fission on r-process nucleosynthesis are investigated in the hot wind r-process scenario. We perform network calculations using three sets of spontaneous fission rates to study how the abundance pattern is shaped when different sets of fissioning nuclei are encountered by the r-process nuclear flow. The relative contributions from spontaneous fission, neutron-induced fission, and β-delayed fission to the nucleosynthesis process are studied by calculating the corresponding fission flow. We show that the relative contributions of various fission channels in r-process nucleosynthesis depend on the astrophysical conditions and fission models used. By using the spontaneous fission rates from a modified Swiatecki’s formula with isospin and blocking effects, the spontaneous fission and neutron-induced fission play an equally important role in r-process nucleosynthesis under an extreme neutron-rich astrophysical scenario with Y

e
= 0.1. The fissioning nuclei are located in different regions of the nuclear chart when different spontaneous fission models are used. The fission fragment distributions of fissioning nuclei in different regions have apparent diversity, which affects the mass regions where fission products are deposited, leading to the difference of the final abundance around the second r-process peak and rare-earth subpeak.
An Update on the Future Flyby of Gliese 710 to the Solar System Using Gaia DR3: Flyby Parameters Reproduced, Uncertainties Reduced
Authors: de la Fuente Marcos Raúl , de la Fuente Marcos Carlos
Published: June 2022

Charting the near-future motion of known stars through the galaxy, none will pass closer to the Sun than Gliese 710. Here, we present an updated analysis of this upcoming flyby using Gaia DR3 data as well as the latest planetary ephemerides. Our new estimate reproduces the nominal values of those already published, but with reduced associated uncertainties. The distribution of distances of closest approach has a median value of 0.052 pc with a 90% probability of coming within 0.048–0.056 pc of the Sun; the associated time of perihelion passage is determined to be between 1.26 and 1.33 Myr with 90% confidence, with a most likely value of 1.29 Myr.
A Search for T Tauri Stars toward Nearby, Dense Cores
Authors: Ota Asuka , Sugitani Koji , Watanabe Makoto
Published: June 2022

We have searched 14 dense cores, 11 of which have literature distances of 150–350 pc, for T Tauri stars by using the Wide Field Grism Spectrograph 2 on the University of Hawaii 2.2 m telescope. As a result, we detected 50 Hα emission stars including 24 newly found objects. Twelve out of these 50 stars have a distance of ∼190–370 pc, and 16 of them are within a distance of ∼460 pc. Seven of these 16 objects are newly found Hα emission stars and would serve as new good targets for studying protoplanetary disks and young exoplanets.
The Gravitational Redshift of Solar-type Stars from Gaia DR3 Wide Binaries
Authors: El-Badry Kareem
Published: June 2022

Light escaping from a gravitational potential suffers a redshift with magnitude proportional to the depth of the potential. This “gravitational redshift” is easily measurable in dense stars such as white dwarfs, but is much weaker and has evaded unambiguous detection in main-sequence stars. I show that the effect is directly measurable in the Gaia DR3 radial velocities (RVs) of the components of wide binary stars. In a sample of ∼500 wide binaries containing a solar-type main-sequence star and a red giant or red clump companion, the apparent RV of the giant is on average 0.49 ± 0.02 km s−1 lower than that of the main-sequence star. This owes primarily to the giants’ weaker gravitational fields and is in reasonably good agreement with the value expected from general relativity.
Comet 21P/Giacobini–Zinner: Narrowband Photometry of the Prototype of Carbon-chain Depleted Comets at Multiple Apparitions
Authors: Schleicher David G.
Published: June 2022

We obtained extensive narrowband photoelectric photometry of Comet 21P/Giacobini–Zinner with observations spanning 33 yr. The original data from 1985 were re-reduced and are presented along with data from three additional apparitions, including 2018/19. The original conclusion regarding Giacobini–Zinner’s chemical composition remains unchanged, with it having a 4–6× depletion in the carbon-chain molecules C2 and C3 and in NH, as compared with both OH and CN. The comet continues to exhibit a large asymmetry in production rates as a function of time and heliocentric distance, with production reaching a peak 3–5 weeks prior to perihelion. All species, including dust, follow the same general production rate curve each apparition, and the carbon-bearing species are always very similar to one another. However, OH and NH each differ in detail from the carbon-bearing species, implying somewhat varied composition between source regions. Longer term, there are only small secular changes among the apparitions before and near perihelion, but larger changes are evident as the comet recedes from the Sun, suggestive of a progressive precession of the rotation axis.
Extracting concepts from triadic contexts using Binary Decision Diagram
Authors: Neves Julio Cesar Vale , Zarate Luiz Enrique , Song Mark Alan Junho
Published: June 2022

Due to the high complexity of real problems, a considerable amount of research that deals with high volumes of information has emerged. The literature has considered new applications of data analysis for high dimensional environments in order to manage the difficulty in extracting knowledge from a database, especially with the increase in social and professional networks. Tri- adic Concept Analysis (TCA) is a technique used in the applied mathematical area of data analysis. Its main purpose is to enable knowledge extraction from a context that contains objects, attributes, and conditions in a hierarchical and systematized representation. There are several algorithms that can extract concepts, but they are inefficient when applied to large datasets because the compu- tational costs are exponential. The objective of this paper is to add a new data structure, binary decision diagrams (BDD), in the TRIAS algorithm and retrieve triadic concepts for high dimen- sional contexts. BDD was used to characterize formal contexts, objects, attributes, and conditions. Moreover, to reduce the computational resources needed to manipulate a high-volume of data, the usage of BDD was implemented to simplify and represent data. The results show that this method has a considerably better speedup when compared to the original algorithm. Also, our approach discovered concepts that were previously unachievable when addressing high dimensional contexts.
Towards an Open Ontology for Renewable Resource Management in Smart Self-Sustainable Human Settlements
Authors: Tomicic Igor , Schatten Markus , Shkarupylo Vadym
Published: June 2022

This paper proposes an open ontology for self-sustainable human settlements in an effort to set the common language for modelling self-sustainable systems and address the issues regarding heterogeneity of physical devices, protocols, software components, data and message formats and other relevant factors, which proved to be unavoidable in implementations of smart systems in the domain of self-sustainability, smart homes, Internet of things, smart energy management systems, demand side systems, and related areas of research and engineering. Although the existing body of research is showing significant results in related, specialized research areas, currently there is no common formal language available which would bring the diversity of such research efforts under a single umbrella and thus enhance and integrate such efforts, which is often pointed out by the researchers in related fields. This paper discuses self- sustainable systems and associated areas, argues the need for the ontology development, presents its scope, development methodology, domain’s architecture and metamodel, and finally the proposed ontology itself, implemented in an open OWL format.
Editorial
Authors: Gütl Christian
Published: June 2022

Dear Readers,

It gives me great pleasure to announce the sixth regular issue of 2022. First of all, I would like to welcome all the new members of our editorial board and also express my sincere gratitude to all the members who have recently retired. It is only thanks to the expertise of our editorial board and volunteer guest reviewers, as well as the generous support of the J.UCS consortium and the novel contributions of our authors, that we are able to maintain this high standard and even improve the impact factor over the years.

In this issue, various topical aspects of computer science are covered by 12 authors from 5 countries in 4 articles. Stefano Masneri, Ana Domínguez, Mikel Zorrilla, Mikel Larrañaga and Ana Arruarte from Italy present a systematic review of the literature on the use of augmented reality applications in primary and secondary schools, with a specific focus on collaborative, multi-user, and interactive applications. In their article, Julio Cesar Vale Neves, Luiz Enrique Zarate and Mark Alan Junho Song from Brazil describe an approach to add a new data structure, binary decision diagrams (BDD), to the TRIAS algorithm and retrieve triadic concepts for high dimensional contexts. In a collaborative research between Croatia and Ukraine, Igor Tomicic, Markus Schatten, and Vadym Shkarupylo propose an open ontology for self-sustainable human settlements in an effort to find a common language for modeling self-sustainable systems and address issues of heterogeneity of physical devices, protocols, software components, data and message formats, and other relevant factors for the implementation of smart systems. Last but not least, Derya Yiltas-Kaplan from Turkey presents her research on traffic optimization with software-defined network controllers.
TES-3 – transportable nuclear power plant mounted on self-propelled tracked vehicles
Authors: Naumenko Natalia Yu. , Mokhireva Inna M.
Published: June 2022

Until the mid-1950s, scientists and engineers at the Obninsk Institute of Physics and Power Engineering (IPPE) had worked out a number of unique projects that served as the foundation for the development of domestic and world nuclear power engineering. The list of these projects includes, in particular, TES-3, the first mobile nuclear power plant, which has become a symbol of small-scale nuclear power engineering, a historical achievement of Russian scientists, and part of the heritage of the City of Peaceful Atom.

TES-3, a demonstration and experimental plant, being one of the possible nuclear power sources for remote areas, was a mobile power-generating unit consisting of four tracked platforms with a reactor unit equipped with a water-cooled and water-moderated reactor with a 1.5 MW turbogenerator. The “self-propelled uranium-fueled machine” was created in record-breaking time due to the scale and cooperation of the project participants under the scientific guidance of the Laboratory V staff. The plant showed reliability in operation, good controllability, safety and maintainability. Over the entire operating period in the power generation mode, TES-3 worked for about 1300 hours without any radiation accidents. After the completion of the first fuel campaign in 1965, the reactor was shut down, but the idea of mobile low-capacity large-component nuclear power plants was further developed in the form of mobile nuclear power plants of the next generation.
Inégalités territoriales et sociales des logements du premier confinement
Authors: Kushtanina Veronika , Vinel Virginie
Published: June 2022

Entre le 17 mars 2020 et le 11 mai 2020, les résidents de France ont été confinés à leur domicile pour éviter la propagation du SARS-CoV-2. Le confinement a révélé des inégalités sociales, familiales et territoriales de logement, auxquelles l’enquête par questionnaire en ligne Familles en temps de confinement (LaSA UBFC) apporte des compléments de compréhension en raison de son déploiement en région. Les personnes seules ou en colocation ont eu tendance à se confiner avec un partenaire ou dans leur famille, mais beaucoup sont aussi restées seules. L’article dévoile les inégalités qui ont touché les plus précaires, étudiants salariés, chômeurs, personnes peu diplômées ou nées à l’étranger. Il montre les conditions qui ont permis l’accueil des étudiants dans de grands logements situés dans de petites et moyennes villes. Le confinement a, ainsi, été vécu par une partie de la population française dans des logements plus grands que dans les métropoles, disposant d’un extérieur et souvent en famille.
Bioenergy and biofuel production from biomass using thermochemical conversions technologies—a review
Authors: Danso-Boateng Eric , Achaw Osei-Wusu
Published: June 2022

Biofuel and bioenergy production from diverse biomass sources using thermochemical technologies over the last decades has been investigated. The thermochemical conversion pathways comprise dry processes (i.e., torrefaction, combustion, gasification, and pyrolysis), and wet processes (i.e., liquefaction, supercritical water gasification, and hydrothermal carbonisation). It has been found that the thermochemical processes can convert diverse biomass feedstocks to produce bioenergy sources such as direct heat energy, as well as solid, liquid and gaseous biofuels for instance biochar, bio-oil and syngas. However, some of these processes have limitations that impede their large-scale utilisation such low energy efficiency, high costs, and generation of harmful chemicals that cause environmental concerns. Efforts are being made extensively to improve the conversion technologies in order to reduce or solve these problems for energy efficiency improvement. In this review, the emerging developments in the thermochemical techniques for producing biofuel and bioenergy from biomass are presented and evaluated in terms of their technological concepts and projections for implementation. It is suggested that an integration of torrefaction or hydrothermal carbonisation with combustion and/or gasification may optimise biomass energy use efficiency, enhance product quality, and minimise the formation of noxious compounds.
Cost optimization and optimal sizing of standalone biomass/diesel generator/wind turbine/solar microgrid system
Authors: Prakash S. Vinoth John , Dhal P.K.
Published: June 2022

Renewable energy has grown in popularity in recent years as a solution to combat the effects of pollution on the environment. The main purpose of this research is to design a microgrid system in Lakshadweep Island to determine the cost and dependability of a solar photovoltaic system that is combined with biomass, wind energy and diesel generator. Two types of hybrid systems like solar/biomass generator/wind turbine and Solar/diesel generator/biomass are investigated to get an optimal solution using HOMER Pro software. The hybrid microgrid system is optimized with low cost of energy (COE) and less environmental pollution. The reliability indice like unmet load is determined for each case to access the performance of the system. The influence of different Weibull shape parameter in solar/biomass generator/wind turbine hybrid system with sensitive variation of solar irradiation and wind speed are discussed. The scheduling of diesel generator in solar/diesel generator/biomass generator with various scenarios are analyzed based on minimum net present cost. The optimization results shows that the solar/diesel generator/biomass hybrid system has low net present cost of 432513 ＄ and cost of energy of 0.215 ＄/kWh as compared to solar/biomass/wind turbine for the selected site location. The proposed solar/diesel generator/biomass system produces emission of 7506 kg/yr. The emission produced in Lakshadweep Island using the proposed model is reduced since this Island currently produces electricity mainly with diesel generators. The optimal sizing of various components in microgrid system is performed to get the optimal solution.
Mathematical study of transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 with waning immunity
Authors: Egbelowo Oluwaseun F. , Munyakazi Justin B. , Hoang Manh Tuan
Published: June 2022

The aim of this work is to provide a new mathematical model that studies transmission dynamics of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The model captures the dynamics of the disease taking into consideration some measures and is represented by a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations including seven classes, which are susceptible class (S), exposed class (E), asymptomatic infected class (A), severely infected class (V), hospitalized class (H), hospitalized class but in ICU (C) and recovered class (R). We prove positivity and boundedness of solutions, compute the basic reproduction number, and investigate asymptotic stability properties of the proposed model. As a consequence, dynamical properties of the model are established fully and some mitigation and prevention measures of COVID-19 outbreaks are also suggested. Furthermore, the model is fitted to COVID-19 confirmed cases in South Africa during the Omicron wave from November 27, 2021 to January 20, 2022 which helped determine the model parameters value for our numerical simulation. A set of numerical experiments using real data is conducted to support and illustrate the theoretical findings. Numerical simulation results show that fast waning of infection-induced immunity can increase the occurrence of outbreaks.
Effect of Solder Ball Geometry on Solder Joint Reliability under Solder Reflow Cooling Process
Authors: Lau Hong Ming  , Sujan Debnath  , Mahzan Johar  , Siti Faizah Mad Asasaari  , Mohd Al Fatihhi Szali Januddi  , Mohamad Shahrul Effendy Kosnan
Published: June 2022

Solder joint reliability has become an increasingly important factor in electronic industries to obtain sustainable and reliable electronic packages. The simulation study of 3D finite elements on BGA test assembly models with geometries of SMD-NSMD and NSMD-NSMD is conducted through ABAQUS software and is applied with Anand model equation. The applied loading onto the test assembly is set with reflow cooling temperature of 220 °C to 25 °C. The purpose of this research is to obtain the package warpage, stress, and inelastic equivalent strain throughout the package and solder joints and to develop a predictive finite element model for mechanics and deformation of solder joint in BGA package under reflow cooling. The results obtained showed that solder joints with NSMD-NSMD pad geometry has a greater inelastic equivalent strain and has a greater potential in failing than SMD-NSMD pad geometry. Therefore, it can be concluded that SMD-NSMD pad geometry is more preferable for obtaining a more reliable solder joint.
Wearable Devices in Healthcare Services. Bibliometrix Analysis by using R Package
Authors: Javed Ali  , Ahmad Jusoh  , Norhalimah Idris  , Awais Gul Airij  , Rabia Chandio
Published: June 2022

Purpose: The current study aims at exploring the theme – wearable devices in healthcare services from 2008 to 2021. It intends to identify the most prominent sources, authors, affiliations, countries, documents, words and trend topics.

Methodology: Total 204 records have been extracted from Scopus after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, and analysed by using biblioshiny software of R-package.

Findings: Results of bibliometrix analysis show the prominent sources in ‘wearable devices & healthcare’ search are IEEE Access and Sensors (Switzerland). Moreover, Lee S. and Shen J. are found be the most productive and prolific authors, King Saud University is leading institutions in producing the articles, China, South Korea, India and USA are identified as the most productive countries and Network Security, Cryptography, Deep Learning, Healthcare Application and Healthcare System are found to be the trending topics and themes in the year 2021.

Originality: This study presents the deep analytics regarding wearable devices in healthcare services and it also suggests useful future research avenues and insights for researchers and practitioners.
Adaptive Data Analysis Methods for Biomedical Signal Processing Applications
Authors: Mir Haroon Yousuf , Singh Omkar
Published: June 2022

Biomedical signals represent the variation in electric potential due to physiological processes and are recorded through certain types of sensors or electrodes. In practice, the biomedical signals are typically complex and non-stationary. This makes adaptive data-driven techniques a natural choice for processing biomedical signals. Signal processing methods such as the Fourier transform make use of some pre-defined basic functions designed independent of the signal information. Data-driven methods propose such basic functions directly depending on the information content in the signal. The adaptive data analysis methods tend to decompose a signal into individual modes that are present in it, thus separating them from each other. This chapter presents a detailed review of adaptive data analysis techniques including wavelet transform, empirical mode decomposition, empirical wavelet transform, and variational mode decomposition with their applications to biomedical signal analysis.
A Review of Automated Diagnosis of ECG Arrhythmia Using Deep Learning Methods
Authors: Tyagi Praveen Kumar , Rathore Neha , Parashar Deepak , Agrawal Dheeraj
Published: June 2022

Arrhythmia is a medical condition in which the heart's normal pumping process becomes irregular. Early identification of arrhythmia is one of the essential phases in diagnosing the disorder. However, due to the relatively low amplitudes, visually assessing the electrocardiogram signals can also be difficult and time-consuming. Using an automation process from a clinical perspective can significantly expedite and increase the accuracy of diagnosis. Conventional machine learning algorithms have gained significant progress. Such methods depend on customized feature extraction, which requires in-depth knowledge. Deep learning (DL) developments have made it feasible to extract and classify high-level features automatically. This study reviewed recent significant progress in DL approaches for automated arrhythmia diagnosis and some critical areas of the dataset used, the application and category of data input, the modeling architecture, and the performance. Overall, this study provides extensive and detailed knowledge for researchers interested in widening existing knowledge in this area.
Analogy of Wrist Pulse Signals in the Context of ECG Signals
Authors: Rathore Neha , Tyagi Praveen Kumar , Parashar Deepak , Agrawal Dheraj
Published: June 2022

Modern medical practices use different tools and procedures to observe pulse rate, heart rate variability, speed of pulse, blood pressure (BP), blood flowing rate in arteries, volume, etc. Years ago, in ancient medical practice like Ayurveda and traditional Chinese medicine (TMC), wrist pulse or radial pulse of the subject in consideration is checked to diagnose health conditions. Both wrist pulse diagnosis and ECG are non-invasive methods for assessing the health of a person. Wrist pulse is caused by cardiovascular activities, and thus, it can be correlated with the electrocardiography (ECG). In biomedical signals, ECGs represent electric activity of the heart. The rate at which a heart beats is pulse rate. The pulse movement is due to flow of blood in vessels. The parameters like rhythm, strength, hardness or softness, transition period, and change in rate of heartbeat can be measured. This may be helpful in diagnosis of cardiac and non-cardiac diseases.
Creep Behavior of Early-Age Concrete Made with Different Cement Compositions under the Controlled Temperature History
Authors: Wang Dang Zai , Xin Jian Da , Wang Zhen Hong
Published: June 2022

A temperature stress testing machine (TSTM) was used to investigate effect of cement composition on cracking sensitivity and creep behavior of concrete. Results show that the cracking sensitivity of concrete varied with the ratio of C3S/C2S and it is observed that the temperature difference of concrete linearly increased with smaller ratio of C3S/C2S. Furthermore, it is also found that concrete with higher ratio of C3S/C2S had weaker creep behavior based on the specific creep deduced from results of TSTM.
Design and Manufacturing of Feeding System to Improve Accuracy and Surface Roughness of FDM Products
Authors: Huynh Huu Nghi , Le Tan Huy , Tran Nguyen Huu Hoang , Bui Trong Hieu
Published: June 2022

Fused Deposition Modeling, a great potential technology, has been increasingly applied in various industries as rapid prototyping for testing, casting prototyping and final products manufacturing. This widely usage comes with high products accuracy requirements. Currently, industrial 3D printers are very high in price that open-source low cost printers are the most suitable for hobbyist and researchers in the world. Therefore, research to improve product quality for low-cost 3D printers to serve industrial demand is greatly necessary. Realizing that in FDM technology, the feeding method is one of the important issues that determine the accuracy of printed products. The problem to be studied here is to design and manufacture a filament feeding system for a low-cost 3D printer and find out an optimal set of parameters for the fabricated feeder. This paper analyzes the feeding systems for 3D printers that have been used on the market, thereby offering a design and manufacturing feeder for the low-cost 3D printer. Then, experiments with Polylactic Acid (PLA) filament will be taken to check the accuracy of printed products and figure out the optimal set of technological parameters for the 3D printing process. Thereby improving product quality and shortening printing time. Continue to research and perfect the design can help commercialize low-cost 3D printers and stimulate research as well as 3D printing in industries.
Effects of Conductive Agents on Electrochemical Performance of Water-Based LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 Cathodes for Cylindrical Cell Production of Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Aranmala Komsak , Chanhaew Araya , Rahmawati Mintarsih , Ikhsanudin Muhammad Nur , Meethong Nonglak
Published: June 2022

Lithium-ion batteries have received much attention for their potential use in electric vehicles (EV's) and portable electronic devices. Fabrication of lithium ion (Li-ion) batteries via ecologically sound (green) processes is also of great interest. Typically, in the production of cathode electrodes, organic solvents such as N-methyl-pyrrolidone (NMP) are used, but these chemicals are toxic. Water-based processing of LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 (NMC) for manufacturing cathode electrodes can provide a more environmental friendly option. In this work, water soluble styrene butadiene copolymer (SBR) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) are used as binders. The active material ratio was set at 90%. The electrochemical performance of water-based NMC electrodes is examined. Additionally, various conductive agents were considered including acetylene black (A) and graphite (B). The particle sizes of conductive agent affect the electrochemical performance of the batteries. Our results show that replacing the conventional organic solvent-based manufacturing route for NMC cathodes with a water-based process is a promising way to fabricate Li-ion batteries with comparable electrochemical behavior, while avoiding toxic process materials and simultaneously reducing the overall manufacturing costs.
Synthesis and Characterization of Cobalt Free LiNiO2 Substituted by Al-Doping from Beverage Cans via Solid-State Method
Authors: Aprilia Yunita , Darmawan Luthfi Mursid , Chairinnisa Afifah Nur , Purwanto Agus
Published: June 2022

Lithium metal oxide such as NMC and NCA have been widely commercialized as electric vehicles. However, the cobalt content in the material is harmful to the environment, toxic, and expensive. This research aims to create a cathode material with a lower cost, efficient, and eco-friendly by extracting aluminum from the beverage cans waste as a cation-doping on the substitution of nickel material elements to repair material stability and electrochemistry performance. This study synthesized LNO cathode material by a solid-state method because it is low production cost and easy to synthesize. The extraction of beverage can waste successfully synthesized into alumina compounds corresponding to JCPDS card No. 29-0063. LNO cathode materials were prepared with a stoichiometric composition variation of LNO-P, LNO-Al 0.03, LNO-Al 0.07, and LNO-Al 0.1. Materials that have been successfully synthesized will be tested by X-Ray Diffraction to indicate that the material has a layered-hexagonal structure with high degree ordering. Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy tests to determine the composition of functional groups on LNO materials. The Scanning Electron Microscope analyzes the shape and morphology of surface material particles. Electrochemical testing uses cylinder batteries with a current of 0.1 C (1 C = 200 mA g-1) and a voltage of 2.6-4.3 volts, where obtained batteries LNO-P, LNO-Al 0.03, LNO-Al 0.07, and LNO-Al 0.1 with discharge capacity of 4.22 mAh g-1, 31.82 mAh g-1, 36.67 mAh g-1, and 37.48 mAh g-1
Analysis of the Causes of Shaft Damage
Authors: Zábranský Karel , Klakurková Lenka , Gejdoš Pavel , Juliš Martin , Švejcar Jiří
Published: June 2022

The paper deals with complex material analysis of a shaft after failure. The shaft was operated as part of an "Abradable rig" device used to test the resistance of coatings at high speeds, which simulates a turboprop engine's operating conditions. The shaft is made of 16MnCr5 material with subsequent cementation. The subject of interest is a complex material analysis (i.e. control of the chemical composition of the material and complete fractographic and metallographic analysis) and verification of the shaft design. The aim of the study is a precise determination of the specific cause of component failure.
Replicas Application in Non-Destructive Testing
Authors: Veselá Jana , Zahrádka Pavel , Matějíček Jan
Published: June 2022

Abstra
c
t
The use of replication
kits
has
recently become an integral part of the field of non-destructive testing (NDT). Classical surface NDT methods are thus advantageously supplemented by surface prints in selected places of the inspected material. Replicate
kits
are set to be the fingerprint surface structure requiring no special surface preparation prior to collection of replicas and are intended for the 3D measurement of the dimensions of surface defects. Replicas are then evaluated using a 3D optical profilometer with optical or laser-optical lenses.
Implementing a Renar Accredited System for the Qualification of Welding Execution Personnel. Experience and Overview of 25 Years of Activity in Romania
Authors: Oproiu Marius , Micut Cristian , Daşcău Horia Florin
Published: June 2022

The article presents developments and perspectives regarding the qualification/certification process of the personnel engaged in welding execution of fabricated structures and/or products. In the beginning data and information related to the certification process of the welders and welding operators are given. Details related to the certification activity, with examinations starting in Romania on behalf of SLV Munchen, in 1995 and continuing at later stage, in the frame of ISIM CERT END. The number of qualification certificates awarded in Romania, with reference to the accredited qualification scheme, is discussed and analyzed. The analysis was realized comparatively mainly, for the last 5 years and also by relating the number of issued certificates with the corresponding welding processes and materials. The last part of the article presents the perspectives of qualifying welding personnel on the Romanian market, perspectives related with the necessity of implementing the European harmonized regulations
A Research on the Influences of Forming Parameters on the Roughness of Plastic Products by Fuse Deposition Modeling Technology
Authors: Le Khanh Dien , Nguyen Thanh Nam , Hiep Nguyen Hoang , Antonov Svetlin
Published: June 2022

Nowadays, Fuse Deposition Modeling (FDM) technology is being broadly applied in many fields. However, one of the major limitations of the current FDM technology is the surface roughness, an important criterion in evaluating the surface quality of mechanical products. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the surface quality of 3D printed products using FDM technology. In the paper, we study the effect of forming parameters on product surfaces roughness of parts manufactured by FDM technology on plastic materials Polylactic Acid (PLA). The experimental planning method and design of experiment (DOE) are applied to access and evaluate to find out the optimal forming parameters for plastic products by FDM technology.
Laboratory and Field Performance of Two In-House Developed Metal Biomass Cookstoves
Authors: Sutar Kailasnath , Karakoti Hitesh , Khan Jahan Zeb , Momin Mujahid , Rohaj Himanshu
Published: June 2022

Present work reports thermal and emission performance of in-house developed natural and forced draft metal biomass cookstoves. Laboratory as well as field tests are performed on the cookstoves. Experiments are performed on natural draft metal cookstove in laboratory at different air supply hole openings. Decrease in average input power and average thermal efficiency is observed between 3.74-3.43 kW and 31.14-29.45% respectively. Variation in average emission factor for carbon monoxide (CO) is found to be between 3.5-9.9 g/MJd. Emissions of Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) are found to be varying between 1 ppm to 13.5 ppm without any specific trend. Experiments are performed on forced draft metal cookstove in laboratory on two fan speeds. The average input power and average thermal efficiency vary between 3.4-3.0 kW and 36.9-42.5% respectively. Variation in average emission factor for CO is found to be between 1.8-4.5 g/MJd and that of average NOx emissions between 16.8-2.5 ppm.During field tests, amount of fuel consumption and emissions of CO for both the cookstoves is compared with traditional cookstoves used by two families. In case of Family A, there is a saving in fuel consumption by 19% and 40% with natural draft and forced draft metal cookstoves respectively. The corresponding values for Family B are 5 % and 24% respectively. In case of Family A, there is decrease in CO emissions by 89% and 86% with natural draft and forced draft metal cookstoves respectively. The corresponding values for Family B are 76% and 82% respectively.