bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Daya Tutur Metafora Lirik Lagu Populer (Kajian Pragmatik)
Authors: M. Hermintoyo M. Hermintoyo
Published: October 2018

Communicating can be done with any media as needed and function, one of them communication through song lyrics. Song lyrics are created to have a specific purpose in addition to being an aesthetic creative means by using figurative language in the form of metaphors can also be a means of speaking with the audience. Speech done is empowered speechless illocution and perlokusi. Ilocution is the act of doing something. The act of illocution is a speech act that contains the purpose and function or the power of speech. The question posed related to the act of illocution is For what the speech was done.

While Perlokusi speech that has the effect or influence power. The effect or power of the speech may be caused by the speaker intentionally or unintentionally. The study used is a pragmatic study. The data is taken from the lyrics of Indonesia's popular metaphorical song.
Pemilihan Kode Pada Generasi Muda Non-Jawa
Authors: Suharyo Suharyo
Published: October 2018

This study aims to reveal the selection of code among the non-Javanese young generation. This is based on the many local language defense symptoms increasingly fragile. To answer the anxiety,  in this study used a questionnaire technique to get the data distributed to 45 respondents, data analysis using simple percentage techniques and interpretation methods. The result, (a) the younger generation who use Indonesian as every day language in the realm of home (44.44%), using local languages (55.55%),  (b) the language used with friends as much as (55.55%), using the Indonesian language and using the local language as much (44.44%), (c) languages used in older friends (77.78%)  using Indonesian language and using local languages (22.22%), (d) respondents strongly agree (22.22%) that Indonesian language is more important than local languages, (55.56%) answered agree, and the rest (22.22%) answered disagree.
Turn-Taking in Colloquial Indonesian
Authors: Subiyanto Agus Subiyanto
Published: October 2018

Participants in a conversation follow certain basic rules in obtaining turns. Some questions addressed in this paper are, firstly, how turns are allocated in Indonesian conversation. Secondly, what  are the signals given by a current speaker willing to yield to a next speaker (i.e. turn-yielding signals). Thirdly, what repair mechanism is  employed by the participants when the turn-taking procedures are broken. The data used in this study were taken from an informal conversation of four Indonesians from Jakarta. The data were collected by using a non-participatory observation with a recording technique. The analysis shows that the turn-taking system in the Indonesian language confirms the model of turn-taking system developed by Sacks et al (1974), covering the occurrence and the recurrence of speaker change, the overwhelming tendency for one party to talk at a time,the common occurrences of more than one speaker at a time, and the common switches of speakers with no gapsand no overlaps.
MENGENALI IDENTITAS SANTUN BAHASA UMAT ALLAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Supatra Hendarto
Published: October 2018

Whatever the purpose, people talk or write, want to be noticed by P2. There are many ways to come into that goal, one among the others, is by trying to make his or her utterance amusing. Polite utterance makes others happy. Religion teaching on polite-ness or religion leader’s (language) etiquette tend to become the sourse of patterns to follow. In the other hand, every language/culture society also has theirown rules of that language propriety. Then, it become interesting to search that kind of culture contact. This article trys to find out a set of possible principles based on that kind of contact between Christian etiquette and Indonesian language etiquette. It is hoped that the results can be used to determine the degree of politeness of Umat Allah.
Melawan Kekuasaan Laki-Laki: Kajian Feminis Eksistensialis “Perempuan di Titik Nol” Karya Nawal el-Saadawi
Authors: Purnomo Mulyo Hadi
Published: October 2018

Women's resistance to male power is increasingly voiced in various media. This is a form of increased awareness as well as women's struggle to show its existence. Nawal el Sadawi’s Perempuan di Titik Nol is one of them. As an adherent of feminist existentialism, Nawal tries to provide solutions for the improvement of women's existence by: working, learning, becoming agents of change, and tough.
Kearifan Lokal Sebagai Bentuk Kontrol Sosial Masyarakat Sukolilo
Authors: Tiani Riris
Published: October 2018

Tradition ceremony Meron one of the rituals held every month Maulud.This tradition is done by the people of Sukolilo village Pati which aims to commemorate the birthday one of Prophet. Data collection methods used were interviews and documentation analyzed using etnolinguistic theory. Based on the analysis of local wisdom of the Meron tradition of Sukolilo society in Pati Regency, it can be concluded that the form of local traditions of Meron wisdom culture develops in the form of the traditional phrase which is realized in traditional ceremonial ritual and traditional feast, preserving traditional technology in this case through gunungan offerings architecture. While the function of the cultural tradition is 1) usage or how to perform a ceremony or ritual, 2) folkways or habits in living the tradition of ancestors that are still preserved, 3) norms or norms related to the custom known and obeyed by the community.
Tegur Sapa Penjual dan Pembeli di Pasar Tradisional Surya Kusuma Semarang
Authors: Astuti Sri Puji
Published: October 2018

The market is where sellers and buyers meet. Meeting the sellers and buyers in traditional markets cause them to greet each other. For that purpose, they use the greeting word in interacting. What greetings are used in the traditional market of Surya Kusuma Semarang is discussed in this paper. Data collection was done by using observation method developed with basic technique of tapping and advanced technique in the form of notes technique and recording technique. Based on the results of research of greeting words used in traditional markets covers pronouns, relatives, limbs, title, profession, greeting intimate, and greeting where self. Speakers use greeting words by considering physical appearance, gender, and age. The greeting word is used by the seller to greet the buyer with the intention of captivating the buyer. Therefore, his merchandise is selling well
Membaca Chairil Anwar Melalui Psikokritik
Authors: Purnomo Mulyo Hadi
Published: October 2018

The poem "Aku" by Chairil Anwar is often identified with the spirit of nationalism. Because indeed Chairil Anwar is widely known as the pioneer of the 45th Generation which is synonymous with independence and nationalism. Psychocritical readings by looking at superpositions / piles of text indicate the passion of tanatos (death) which is even more prominent.
Sistem Mekanisme Penyuntingan Naskah Novel Chicklit dan Teenlit Indonesia Pada Tiga Penerbit
Authors: Noor Redyanto
Published: October 2018

Some literary experts say that literary works are cultural objects and production is an industrial process. When literature enters the territory of production then the laws imposed upon itself are industrial law. That is why when talking about the production of literary works means dealing with laws (read: systems, mechanisms, and strategies) imposed by the institutions of production, i.e. publishers. Whereas in industrial business competition, every producing institution besides applying the conventional laws of industry, also develops distinctive internal laws to maintain the competitive power of its institution against the strength of other producing institutions.Modern publishers as a book-producing institution must creatively develop their industrial laws to compete with other publishers of the same kind. Starting from the above references in chicklit and teenlit novel Indonesia's production article will discuss chicklit and teenlit novel production mechanism and mechanism covering three publishers, namely Elex Media Komputindo, GagasMedia, and Gramedia Pustaka Utama. The system and production mechanism referred to is in the case of editing the manuscript. The editing of the manuscript includes the selection of manuscripts, structuring of languages, arrangement of settings, and final alignment.
Aspek Lingual Tegursapa Sosial Masyarakat Jawa Kota Semarang
Authors: Suryadi M
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to describe lingual aspects that strengthen the speech of the clergy of Java Coastal community in Semarang City. This greeting remarks as a glue of the socioal harmony and horizontal conflict absorbers, as well as a feature of uniqueness in the connection of social intimacy in the coastal region.Research location in Semarang City. Selection of respondents and informants using purposive sampling system. Data collection methods were conducted through structured interviews, in-depth interviews, and focus group discs. The method of data analysis using the separation of components on speech by greeting sad lingual aspects contained in the speech.There are three lingual aspects that influence the power of speech:  speech sauce, variety, and formIntisariTujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan aspek lingual yang memperkuat tuturan tegur-sapa social masyarakat Jawa Pesisir di Kota Semarang.  Tuturan bertegur-sapa ini sebagai perekat harmoni sosioal dan peredam konflik horizontal, sekaligus sebagai fitur keunikan dalam pertalian keakraban sosial di wilayah pesisiran.  Lokasi penelitian di Kota Semarang. Pemilihan responden dan informan menggunakan sistem purposive sampling. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara terstruktur, wawancara  mendalam, dan focus group discus.Metode analisis data menggunakan pemilahan komponen pada tuturan bertegur-sapa melalui aspek-aspek lingual yang terdapat pada tuturan. Ditemukan tiga aspek lingual yang mempengaruhi kekuatan tuturan bertegur sapa social, yakni kecap ujaran,ragam, dan bentuk.
Sistem Mekanisme Pemerolehan Naskah Novel Chicklit dan Teenlit Indonesia pada Tiga Penerbit
Authors: Noor Redyanto
Published: October 2018

AbstractSome literary experts say that literary works are cultural objects and production is an industrial process. When literature enters the territory of production then the laws imposed upon itself are industrial law. That is why when talking about the production of literary works means dealing with laws (read: systems, mechanisms, and strategies) imposed by the institution of manufacture, i.e. publishers. Whereas in industrial business competition, every producing institution besides applying the conventional laws of industry, also develops distinctive internal laws to maintain the competitive power of its institution against the strength of other producing institutions.The modern publisher as a book-producing institution must creatively develop its industrial laws in order to compete with other similar publishers. Starting from the above references in chicklit and teenlit novel Indonesia's production article will discuss chicklit and teenlit novel production mechanism and mechanism covering three publishers, namely Elex Media Komputindo, GagasMedia, and Gramedia Pustaka Utama. The system and production mechanism in question includes the acquisition of the manuscript. Acquisition of manuscripts includes hunting and auction of manuscripts. IntisariBeberapa ahli sastra mengatakan bahwa karya sastra adalah obyek budaya dan produksi adalah proses industri. Ketika sastra memasuki wilayah produksi maka hukum yang dikenakan pada dirinya sendiri adalah hukum industri. Itulah mengapa ketika berbicara tentang produksi karya sastra berarti berurusan dengan hukum (baca: sistem, mekanisme, dan strategi) yang dikenakan oleh institusi manufaktur, yaitu penerbit. Sedangkan dalam persaingan bisnis industri, setiap lembaga produksi selain menerapkan hukum industri konvensional, juga mengembangkan undang-undang internal yang khas untuk mempertahankan daya saing lembaga mereka terhadap kekuatan lembaga produksi lainnya. Penerbit modern sebagai lembaga pembuat buku harus secara kreatif mengembangkan undang-undang industrinya agar dapat bersaing dengan penerbit lain yang serupa. Dari referensi di atas dalam novel chicklit dan teenlit, artikel ini akan membahas mekanisme dan mekanisme produksi novel chicklit dan teenlit yang meliputi tiga penerbit, yaitu Elex Media Komputindo, GagasMedia, dan Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Sistem dan mekanisme produksi yang dimaksud termasuk akuisisi naskah. Akuisisi manuskrip termasuk berburu dan melelang manuskrip.
Penindasan Perempuan Melalui Perkawinan dalam Novel Gadis Tangsi Karangan Suparto Brata
Authors: Retno Martini Laura Andri
Published: October 2018

AbstractNovel Gadis Tangsi is a material object in this research. This novel by Suparto Brata contains indirectly about women who experience sexual restriction through marriage. Women's space is deliberately restricted and even created not to resist male domination. Feminists see that literature is an effective means of socialization of patriarchal ideology, and the interpretation of literary works by readers who for long periods of time are conducted with the perspective of men. Therefore, the reading as woman 'reading as a woman' model is needed to deconstruct androsentric readings on male and female relation, especially in marriage. Through this approach also the reader will find concrete images of the condition of women in accordance with the reality. They will read, interpret and understand the female body. In the end, women who read will be able to free themselves from the frame constraints that limit their creativity and overhaul existing patriarchal systems.IntisariNovel Gadis Tangsi merupakan objek material dalam penelitian ini. Novel karangan Suparto Brata ini secara tidak langsung berisi tentang perempuan yang mengalami pembatasan seksualitas melalui perkawinan.  Ruang gerak perempuan sengaja dibatasi bahkan diciptakan untuk  tidak melawan dominasi laki-laki. Kaum feminis melihat bahwa sastra merupakan sarana efektif bagi sosialisasi ideologi patriarki, dan pemaknaan karya sastra oleh pembaca yang selama kurun waktu panjang dilakukan dengan perspektif laki-laki. Oleh karena itu, model reading as woman ‘membaca sebagai perempuan’ diperlukan untuk mendekonstruksi pembacaan androsentris tentang relasi laki-laki dan perempuan, terutama dalam perkawinan. Melalui pendekatan ini pula pembaca akan menemukan gambaran-gambaran konkret tentang kondisi perempuan sesuai dengan  kenyataan yang ada. Mereka akan membaca, menginterpretasi serta memahami tubuh perempuan. Pada akhirnya, perempuan yang membaca akan mampu membebaskan diri dari kungkungan frame yang membatasi kreativitas mereka dan merombak sistem patriarkat yang ada
Pendidikan Multikultural Berbasis Afektif Sufistik bagi Pembentukan Karakter
Authors: Pariyati Pariyati
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe concept of Islamic religious education such as kalam and fiqih is more directed towards the development of affective capable of experiencing multicultural realities, so that the spirit of Sufi teachings that develop multicultural morality through two things: the first "al sidq ma'a Allah" (honest with God), second "Husn al mu'amalah ma'a al nas" (behave well with fellow human beings). This research includes the type of library research (library research) with the analysis used is descriptive analytical. The role of Sufistic-Based Multicultural Multicultural Education for Student Character Building lies in the learning process that emphasizes intellectual intelligence, emotional and spiritual intelligence in every process undertaken by emphasizing appreciation of the individual's individuality of the students and promoting affection in teaching students as parents to their natural children, there is no favoritism in giving treatment to every student, all students are treated and educated according to their ability and emphasized to mutual respect difference with other friend, so in the end student will have akhlakul karimah as nature of Allah SWT in everyday life with emphasize at power qalb on student self.IntisariKonsep pendidikan agama Islam seperti kalam dan fiqih lebih diarahkan pada pengembangan afektif yang mampu merasakan berbagai realitas yang bersifat multicultural, sehingga semangat ajaran sufistik yang mengembangkan moralitas multikultural melalui dua hal: pertama “al sidq ma’a Allah” (jujur bersama Allah), kedua “husn al mu’amalah ma’a al nas” (berperilaku baik dengan sesama manusia).Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dengan analisis yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analitis. Peran Pendidikan Multikultural Berbasis Afektif Sufistik bagi Pembentukan Karakter Siswa terletak pada proses pembelajaran yang mengedepankan kecerdasan intelektual, kecerdasan emosional dan spiritual dalam setiap proses yang dilakukan dengan menekankan pada penghargaan terhadap keberagamaan setiap individu siswa dan mengedepankan kasih sayang dalam mengajar siswa sebagaimana orang tua terhadap anak kandungnya, tidak ada pilih kasih dalam memberikan perlakuan kepada setiap siswa, semua siswa diperlakukan dan dididik sesuai kemampuannya dan ditekankan untuk saling menghargai perbedaan dengan teman lainnya, sehingga pada akhirnya siswa akan memiliki akhlakul karimah sebagaimana sifat Allah SWT dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dengan menekankan pada kekuatan qalb pada diri siswa.
Hubungan Intertekstualitas Syair Paras Nabi Dan Hikayat Nabi Bercukur
Authors: Muzakka Moh
Published: October 2018

The existence of a text cannot be separated from the previous texts. Because, the presence of a new text is greatly influenced by previous texts. This condition is called an intertextual relationship. The presence of the text of the Prophet's shaved story on Java must have been strongly influenced by other texts that had existed in Nusantara, and could even be influenced by Arabic texts. Because, the text of the Prophet's shave story is related to the history of the Prophet who was born and lived in Arabia. This study aims to look at the intertextual relationship of the Syair Paras Nabi from the Javanese text with Hikayat Nabi Bercukur from the Malay text. To achieve this goal, this study uses a comparative approach and an intertextual approach. The results showed that the comparison of textual data to the Syair Paras Nabi text and Hikayat Nabi Bercukur text in depth found that the Syair Paras Nabi text was a transformation text of the Hikayar Nabi Bercukur text that was seen as the hypogram text.
Hegemoni Ideologi dalam Novel Ayat-Ayat Cinta Karya Habiburrahman el Shirazy (Kajian Hegemoni Gramsci)
Authors: Falah Fajrul
Published: October 2018

Research on the novel Ayat-Ayat Cinta (AAC) by Habiburrahman el Shirazy with ideological hegemony approach, the author's knowledge based on search on the internet, reference to the latest online journal (last 5 years), not found yet. Various related studies AAC most of them reviewed from the aspect of religiosity, da'wah and religious messages. This study aims to reveal ideological hegemony contained in the novel AAC. This literature study research, using the Gramsci hegemony approach. The research method used is descriptive analytic. The results showed Fahri's main character was constructed by the author with many positive attributes attached; handsome, smart, simple, obedient, and kind. These positive attributes and images make most female figures (Aisha, Maria, Nurul, Noura, Alicea) interested and admired Fahri, so Fahri also benefited and became a dominant class (hegemonic). Hegemony process these figures pan out, because one of them supported by religious ideology.
Paradigma Kritis Dalam Penelitian Wacana
Authors: Suharyo Suharyo
Published: October 2018

So far, linguistic research, especially discourse research, is still focused on aspects of the linguistic structure as forming the discourse. Discourse is examined for the existence of cohesiveness and coherence of the discourse. What are the linguistic units that form cohesiveness and cohesiveness both lexical and grammatical coherence. This is different from discourse research using critical discourse paradigms. Critical discourse holds that discourse-forming structures are not in a social "vacuum". Because, discourse is basically a (social) action that is loaded with political, economic, power, cultural background etc. To conduct discourse research using critical paradigms, it is necessary to know the research characteristics of critical discourse analiysis, which includes (1) discourse is (social) action, (2) context, (3) historical, (4) power, (5) ideology, and ( 6) (diction) vocabulary basically (a) limits classification, (b) limits the views of a person / group, and (c) marginalizes certain people / groups. Among the available models, the critical discourse analysis model of the van Dijk model is a well-known model in Indonesia.
TRADISI JUMAT KLIWONAN SEBAGAI KEARIFAN LOKAL MASYARAKAT NELAYAN DI KABUPATEN CILACAP, JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Wiranto Bagus
Published: October 2018

This article describes Friday Kliwonan tradition in fishermen community in Cilacap Regency which is acculturation from some practice in the past and still trusted and done until today. This is related to how the ritual is performed and the meaning of the ritual, the ban on sea fishing on Friday Kliwon, and other activities on that day. In addition, the article on this tradition also explains the meaning of this relationship between tradition of this Friday Kliwonan as a local wisdom of Cilacap Regency fishermen community viewed from the spiritual side of society, social relations of society, and the ecological side.
BUDAYA PESISIR: Perilaku Konsumtif Masyarakat Tambaklorok, Kelurahan Tanjung Mas, Kecamatan Semarang Utara, Kota Semarang
Authors: Susiana Rini
Published: October 2018

The coastal community in the Tambaklorok area does not only work as fishermen as their livelihood. This study aims to determine (1) the social stratification of Tambaklorok community, (2) the similarities and differences in consumer behavior of Tambaklorok community, and (3) the characteristics of consumer behavior of Tambaklorok community. The study uses a qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews, observation and analyzing documents. Analysis of data uses an interactive model of Miles and Huberman, including data collection, data reduction, drawing conclusion, verification, and data presentation. The result shows that social stratification of Tambaklorok community based on livelihood, namely the fishermen, fish distributors, fish processors, and civil servants. There are various similarities and differences in consumer behavior of Tambaklorok community seen from the income, expenses and debts. Characteristics of consumer behavior of Tambaklorok community that is impulsive purchasing, includes buying the product in order to maintain personal appearance and prestige as well as of chasing the prize.
Asymmetric and Distant Effects of a Unilateral Lesion of the Primary Motor Cortex on the Bilateral Supplementary Motor Areas in Adult Macaque Monkeys
Authors: Contestabile A. , Colangiulo R. , Lucchini M. , Gindrat A.-D. , Hamadjida A. , Kaeser M. , Savidan J. , Wyss A.F. , Rouiller E.M. , Schmidlin E.
Published: October 2018

A restricted lesion of the hand area in the primary motor cortex (M1) leads to a deficit of contralesional manual dexterity, followed by an incomplete functional recovery, accompanied by plastic changes in M1 itself and in other cortical areas on both hemispheres. Using the marker SMI-32 specific to pyramidal neurons in cortical layers III and V, we investigated the impact of a focal unilateral M1 lesion (hand representation) on the rostral part (F6) and caudal part (F3) of the supplementary motor area (SMA) in both hemispheres in nine adult macaque monkeys compared with four intact control monkeys. The M1 lesion induced a consistent interhemispheric asymmetry in density of SMI-32-positive neurons in F3 layer V (statistically significant in 8 of 9 lesioned monkeys), highly correlated with the lesion volume and with the duration of functional recovery, but not with the extent of functional recovery itself. Such interhemispheric asymmetry was neither present in the intact monkeys, as expected, nor in F6 in all monkeys. In addition, the M1 lesion also impacted on the basal dendritic arborization of F3 layer V neurons. Neuronal density was clearly less affected by the M1 lesion in F3 layer III compared with layer V. We interpret the remote effect of M1 lesion onto the density of SMI-32-positive neurons and dendritic arborization in the SMAs bilaterally as the consequence of multiple factors, such as changes of connectivity, diaschisis and various mechanisms involved in cortical plasticity underlying the functional recovery from the M1 lesion.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe motor system of macaque monkeys, in addition to be similarly organized as in humans, is a good candidate to study the impact of a focal lesion of the main contributor to voluntary movements, the primary motor cortex (M1), on non-primary motor cortical areas also involved in manual dexterity, both at behavioral and structural levels. Our results show that a unilateral permanent lesion of M1 hand area in nine monkeys affects the interhemispheric balance of the number of SMI-32-positive pyramidal neurons in the cortical layer V of the supplementary motor area, in a way strongly correlated to the lesion volume and duration of the incomplete functional recovery.
Functional MRI in Macaque Monkeys during Task Switching
Authors: Premereur Elsie , Janssen Peter , Vanduffel Wim
Published: October 2018

Nonhuman primates have proven to be a valuable animal model for exploring neuronal mechanisms of cognitive control. One important aspect of executive control is the ability to switch from one task to another, and task-switching paradigms have often been used in human volunteers to uncover the underlying neuronal processes. To date, however, no study has investigated task-switching paradigms in nonhuman primates during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We trained two rhesus macaques to switch between arm movement, eye movement, and passive fixation tasks during fMRI. Similar to results obtained in human volunteers, task switching elicits increased fMRI activations in prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and caudate nucleus. Our results indicate that the macaque monkey is a reliable model with which to investigate higher-order cognitive functioning such as task switching. As such, these results can pave the way for a detailed investigation of the neural basis of complex human behavior.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTTask switching is an important aspect of cognitive control, and task-switching paradigms have often been used to investigate higher-order executive functioning in human volunteers. We used a task-switching paradigm in the nonhuman primate during fMRI and found increased activation mainly in prefrontal areas (46, 45, frontal eye field, and anterior cingulate), in orbitofrontal area 12, and in the caudate nucleus. These data fit surprisingly well with previous human imaging data, proving that the monkey is an excellent model to study task switching with high spatiotemporal resolution tools that are currently not applicable in humans. As such, our results pave the way for a detailed interrogation of regions performing similar executive functions in humans and monkeys.
La relación escuela - comunidad: un análisis desde la teoría de sistemas a nueve experiencias de América Latina
Authors: Herrera José Dario
Published: October 2018

Este artículo busca contribuir a la comprensión de la relación escuela-comunidad. Se examinaron nueve proyectos implementados en las dos últimas  décadas  en  Latinoamérica  cuyo  propósito  constituía  articular experiencias  de  desarrollo  de  base  con  el  trabajo  escolar.  El  estudio concluyó  que  existen  iniciativas  y  acciones  en  las  que  el  campo  del desarrollo de base puede aportar al mejoramiento de la educación; es importante  diferenciar  entre  impacto  directo  o  indirecto  al  hablar  de las  incidencias  que  desde  un  campo  se  puede  hacer  sobre  el  otro;  las experiencias trabajan directa o indirectamente sobre desarrollo de base y educación al situarse frente a una problemática que los articula y que hace parte de las necesidades de los territorios; se percibe una tendencia macro:  el  desarrollo  de  base  al  servicio  de  la  educación,  más  que  la educación en función del desarrollo de base y el aporte que los modelos pedagógicos pueden hacer a la cualificación del capital social.
La autonomía del centro escolar público, clave para el desarrollo del liderazgo directivo
Authors: González Martín Rafael
Published: October 2018

El presente trabajo quiere resaltar la importancia del liderazgo educativo, como el camino por el que se debe de avanzar para conseguir esa escuela pública de calidad, tal como demanda la sociedad actualmente. Pero también, se pretende dejar claro en este trabajo que, la responsabilidad de esa calidad educativa que se demanda, dependerá en gran medida del propio centro, el cual, debe de estar cargado de cierta cota de autonomía que le permita poder desarrollar sus propios proyectos, adecuándolos a sus contextos, con el fin también, de pedir responsabilidades al liderazgo directivo de los resultados obtenidos.
Hume’s Second Thoughts on Personal Identity
Authors: Yang Sunny
Published: October 2018

[straipsnis ir santrauka anglų kalba, santrauka lietuvių kalba]Šiame straipsnyje svarstoma, kaip Davidas Hume’as galėtų išvengti savo intelektinių kančių dėl asmens tapatumo Traktato Priede. Visų pirma, straipsnyje siekiama suprasti Hume’o nusivylimo, bandant Traktato Priede paaiškinti tai, kas jam iš tikrųjų rūpėjo, šaltinis, ir pasiūlomos kelios interpretacinės linijos. Neseniai Jonathanas Ellisas išskyrė keletą galimų Hume’o keblumų supratimo būdų. Šiame straipsnyje iš keturių Elliso išskirtų paaiškinimų grupių detaliai aptariami trys jo menkai eksplikuoti dalykai ir sprendžiami kai kurie svarbūs Elliso praleisti klausimai. Galiausiai pasiūlomas alternatyvus Hume’o sunkumo perskaitymas, grindžiamas Danielio Dennetto idėjomis šiuo klausimu, ir pateikiamas pasiūlymas dėl to, ką Hume’as būtų galėjęs pasakyti apie šias problemas.
Mėginimas suprasti save Oriento šviesoje skaitant a. Andrijausko monografiją
Authors: Vėželis Tautvydas
Published: October 2018

[straipsnis lietuvių kalba]
Aristoteliškas pharmakonas modernybės negandoms
Authors: Vidauskytė Lina
Published: October 2018

[straipsnis lietuvių kalba]
Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of Amygdalus eburnea shell root extract in mice
Authors: Galehdar Nasrin , Rezaeifar Mostafa , Rezaeifar Maryam , Rezaeifar Mehdi
Published: October 2018

Introduction: The current study aims to assess the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of Amygdalus eburnea Spach extract in mice.

Methods: Totally, 114 NMRI mice were used in this study. The acute toxicity was evaluated for two days. The antinociceptive effect was accessed by using the hot-plate, tail-flick, and rotarod test. In this investigation, anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated by using the Xylene-induced ear edema method. The findings demonstrated that in the hot-plate and tail-flick tests, A. eburnea extract particularly at the dose of 750 mg/kg demonstrated a considerable analgesic effect; so that there was a significant difference between the extract-treated group and the control group (p<0.05).

Results: The results showed that the administration of A. eburnea extract especially at the dose of 500 and 750 mg/kg significantly decreased the ear edema induced by xylene in comparison to the control group. There was no significant difference after injecting of various doses of A. eburnea extract in the sensory-motor test (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: These results demonstrated the potent antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of A. eburnea extract in mice. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms responsible for these activities remain to be studied.
Abortursachen beim Pferd – eine Übersicht der Literatur und eigene Auswertungen
Authors: Weber Ramona , Hospes Rainer , Wehrend Axel
Published: October 2018

Ziel dieser Arbeit war, den aktuellen Stand der Literatur über mögliche Ursachen, die klinische Symptomatik und Pathogenese des Aborts bei der Stute zusammenzufassen und durch Auswertung von Patientendaten die Häufigkeit verschiedener Abortursachen in der deutschen Vollblutzucht darzustellen. Hierzu wurde eine Literaturauswertung unter Verwendung von Fachdatenbanken, veterinärmedizinischen Fachzeit-schriften und Lehrbüchern vorgenommen und zusätzlich die Untersu-chungsergebnisse von 123 Aborten des Vollblutzuchtgebiets Deutsch-land Mitte ausgewertet. Die in der Literatur am häufigsten beschriebene Abortursache ist die bakterielle Infektion. Große Bedeutung haben auch Aborte durch equines Herpesvirus (EHV) 1/4, Zwillingsgravidi -täten und Nabelstranganomalien. Beispiele seltenerer Abortursachen sind equine virale Arteritis (EVA), infektiöse Anämie der Einhufer (EIA), Infektionen durch Pilze oder Protozoen, fetale Missbildungen und Erkran kungen der Mutterstute (Begleitabort). In der eigenen Studie konnte in 47,2 % der Fälle keine Abortursache gefunden werden. Ein Infektionsgeschehen lag bei 26,8 % der Aborte vor. Infektionserreger waren in 17,1 % der Fälle Bakterien, in 8,9 % Viren (EHV 1/4) und in 0,8 % Pilze. Als Hauptursache für einen nichtinfektiösen Abort erwies sich die Zwillingsgravidität (21,1 %). Andere Gründe nichtinfektiöser Aborte waren fetale Missbildung (3,3 %), Nabelstrangulation (0,8 %) und Uterustorsion (0,8 %). Die Ergebnisse der Studie legen nahe, dass in Zukunft ein größeres Augenmerk auf sonographische Untersuchungen in der Frühträchtigkeit zum Ausschluss einer Zwillingsgravidität gelegt werden sollte, um die Abortrate weiter zu senken. Um die Aufklärungsrate bezüglich der Abortursachen zu erhöhen, könnte es helfen, bei der Untersuchung des Abortmaterials auch seltenere Abortursachen (z B. EVA oder Chlamydien) routinemäßig labordiagnostisch abzuklären.
Feline Panleukopenie – die wichtige Rolle von Antikörpern
Authors: Proksch Anna-Lena , Mende Katherina , Bergmann Michèle , Hartmann Katrin
Published: October 2018

Die feline Panleukopenie zählt zu den wichtigsten Infektionskrankheiten der Katze. Jede Katze sollte zuverlässig vor Panleukopenie geschützt sein. Eine erfolgreiche Grundimmunisierung ist für die Ausbildung einer belastbaren Immunität essenziell. Panleukopenie tritt nach wie vor häufig auf und betrifft vor allem Katzenwelpen. Maternale Antikörper spielen eine wichtige Rolle für den Schutz der Welpen. Aufgrund ihres langen Fortbestehens, teilweise bis zur 20. Lebenswoche, können maternale Antikörper jedoch mit der Impfung interferieren und den Aufbau einer belastbaren Immunität verhindern. So kannes trotz Impfung zu Erkrankungen kommen. Bei adulten Katzen mit chronischer Krankheit oder Immunsuppression kann die Immunantwort nach einer Impfung reduziert sein. Etwa 30% aller adulten Katzen haben keine Antikörper. Die Bestimmung des Antikörpertiters bei Welpen ermöglicht die Berechnung des optimalen Zeitpunkts für eine erfolgreiche Grundimmunisierung. Bei adulten Tieren bietet die Titerbestimmung eine Alternative, um unnötige Impfungen zu vermeiden und ein individuelles Impfschema zu ermitteln. Nur Katzen ohne Antikörper sollten geimpft werden. Zur Bestimmung des Antikörpertiters steht für die Praxis ein leicht durchführbarer Schnelltest zur Verfügung.
Komplikationen sonographisch gestützter Leberbiopsien bei Hund und Katze
Authors: Köhler Claudia , Fromme Vivian , Winter Karsten , Alef Michaele , Kiefer Ingmar , Moritz Anne-Kristin
Published: October 2018

Gegenstand und Ziel: Zur Diagnosesicherung von sonographisch erfassten Veränderungen der Leber wird in der Regel eine ultraschallgestützte Biopsie durchgeführt. Die häufigste Komplikation stellt dabei eine postinterventionelle Blutung dar, die zum Tod des Patienten führen kann. Ziel der Studie war zu überprüfen, ob ein Zusammenhang zwischen Veränderungen der Blutgerinnungswerte und einer sonographisch darstellbaren Blutung nach einer Leberbiopsie besteht. Material und Methoden: In die retrospektive Studie wurden Hunde und Katzen aufgenommen, bei denen eine ultraschallgestützte Leberbiopsie erfolgt war. Einschlusskriterien waren ein dokumentierter Befund der Ultraschalluntersuchung und Befunde zum Parameter Thromboplastinzeit oder der Kombination aus aktivierter partieller Thromboplastinzeit und Prothrombinzeit. Die Daten wurden hinsichtlich des Vorliegens eines postinterventionellen Aszites und möglicher Risikofaktoren zu dessen Entstehung ausgewertet. Ergebnisse: Die Daten von 105 Patienten, 94 Hunden (89,5 %) und 11 Katzen (10,5 %), gingen in die Auswertung ein. Bei 26 von 105 Patienten (24,8 %) kam es zu postinterventionellen Komplikationen, davon waren 21,9 % Minorkomplikationen und 2,9 % Majorkomplikationen. Einen postinterventionellen Aszites entwickelten 22 von 94 Hunden (23,4 %) und vier von 11 Katzen (36,4 %). Ein Aszites nach Leberbiopsie trat bei drei von 10 (2,9 %) Hunden mit verlängerten Gerinnungszeiten von über 25 % auf, wobei es sich bei zwei Hunden um einen geringgradigen und bei einem Hund um einen mittelgradigen Aszites handelte. Nach der Punktion wurde bei einer von zwei Katzen mit verlängerter Gerinnungszeit von mehr als 25 % ein mittelgradiger Aszites diagnostiziert. Zwischen dem Auftreten eines postinterventionellen Aszites und erhöhten Gerinnungswerten ließ sich kein statistisch signifikanter Zusammenhang nachweisen. Schlussfolgerung: Nach den Resultaten der Studie besteht kein Zusammenhang zwischen veränderten Gerinnungswerten und einer Blutung nach einer Leberbiopsie.
Erfolgreiche Behandlung einer nekrotisierenden, multiresistenten bakteriellen Pyodermie bei einem Python mittels Kaltplasmatherapie
Authors: Dengler Berrett , Bauer Thomas , Mueller Ralf , Klinger Christoph
Published: October 2018

Ein 4-jähriger Königspython wurde 3 Wochen nach Bissverletzungen durch eine Ratte mit großflächigen Hautläsionen und einer bakteriellen Pyodermie mit Anzeichen einer Sepsis und neurologischen Sym -ptomen vorgestellt. Die betroffene Haut löste sich von der Muskulatur, wodurch Teile des Muskelgewebes frei lagen. Klinische und zytolo -gische Untersuchung ergaben eine bakterielle Pyodermie. Sepsisverdacht bestand aufgrund der klinischen Symptomatik. Die empirische Behandlung mit Lincomycin und Marbofloxacin (Befund der bakteriologischen Untersuchung waren multiresistente Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, sensibel gegenüber Fluorchinolonen) verbesserte das All-gemeinbefinden und die Hautläsionen demarkierten sich zu Brand-schorf mit intrazellulären stäbchenförmigen Bakterien. Eine weiterfüh-rende Diagnostik konnte kostenbedingt nicht durchgeführt werden und die Euthanasie des Tieres wurde erwogen. Im Verlauf von 4 Wochen erfolgte sechsmalig eine Behandlung mit Kaltplasma (cold atmospheric pressure plasma, CAPP). Innerhalb einer Woche verbesserten sich die Entzündungssymptome. Die Reepithelisierung war wenige Wochen später abgeschlossen. Drei Häutungen im Folgejahr verliefen ohne Anzeichen von Dysecdysis. CAPP könnte bei Schlangen mit bak-teriellen Pyodermien (insbesondere mit resistenten Keimen) und Hautnekrosen eine nützliche Behandlungsoption darstellen.
In vivo axial humero-ulnar rotation in normal and dysplastic canine elbow joints
Authors: Fischer Martin , Böttcher Peter , Rohwedder Thomas
Published: October 2018

Objective: To prospectively compare relative axial (internal-external) humero-ulnar rotation in normal and dysplastic canine elbow joints.

Material and methods: Six normal elbows (five dogs) and seven joints (six dogs) with coronoid disease were examined. After implantation of 0.8 mm tantalum beads into humerus and ulna, biplanar x-ray movies of the implanted elbows were taken while dogs were walking on a treadmill. Based on the 2D bead coordinates of the synchronized x-ray movies virtual 3D humero-ulnar animations were calculated. Based on these, relative internal-external humero-ulnar rotation was measured over the first third of stance phase and expressed as maximal rotational amplitude. Amplitudes from three consecutive steps were averaged and groupwise compared using an unpaired t-test.

Results: In normal elbow joints mean axial relative humero-ulnar rotation was 2.9° (SD 1.1). Dysplastic joints showed a significantly greater rotational amplitude (5.3°, SD 2.0; p = 0.0229, 95% confidence interval 0.4–4.4).

Conclusion: Dysplastic elbow joints show greater relative internal-external humero-ulnar rotation compared to normal elbows, which might reflect rotational joint instability.

Clinical relevance: Increased relative internal-external humero-ulnar rotation might alter physiological joint contact and pressure patterns. Future studies are needed to verify if this plays a role in the pathogenesis of medial coronoid disease.
Vergiftungsverdachtsfälle in der Kleintierpraxis – eine retrospektive und prospektive Erfassung
Authors: Kösters Sarah , Campe Amely , Kietzmann Manfred , Kreienbrock Lothar , Allkämper Svenja
Published: October 2018

Ziel: Systematische Untersuchung der Behandlungsdaten von Patienten, die mit Vergiftungsverdacht in Kleintierpraxen vorgestellt wurden. Material und Methoden: In 11 exemplarisch ausgewählten Kleintierpraxen erfolgten eine Auswertung der elektronischen Daten von Vergiftungsverdachtsfällen über 2 Jahre (2006 und 2007), eine Evaluierung der von den Tierärzten im Zeitraum eines Jahres (2009/2010) ausgefüllten Erhebungsbögen zu Vergiftungsverdachtsfällen sowie eine Auswertung der „Kontaktgruppe”, d. h. aller Patienten mit mindestens einem Besuch in 2007. Ergebnisse: Im Jahr 2007 wurde etwa 1 von 200 Hunden bzw. 1 von 500 Katzenpatienten mit einer Vergiftung vorgestellt. Über 70 % der Fälle betrafen Hunde, wobei einige Jagdhunderassen häufiger betroffen waren als ihrem Anteil an der Patientenpopulation entsprechen würde. Der Verdacht war retrospektiv vor allem bei kastrierten Hunden begründet. Neben zahlreichen unspezifischen Symptomen wurden häufig Blutungen beobachtet. Bei ZNS-Symptomen oder kritischem Allgemeinzustand lag vermehrt ein begründeter Verdacht vor. Bei unbegründetem Vergiftungsverdacht bestand meist eine Entzündung im Magen-Darm-Trakt. Weitere häufige Erkrankungen waren Infektionen, Tumoren und Autoimmunerkrankungen. Als häufigste Toxine wurden retrospektiv Cumarinderivate (37 %), Arzneimittel (10 %) und Schokolade (7 %) ermittelt. Prospektiv war der Anteil von Arzneimittel- und Pflanzenvergiftungen größer. Die Diagnose wurde meist anhand von Anamnese und klinischem Bild gestellt. Die Behandlung erfolgte überwiegend symptomatisch. Schlussfolgerungen: Eine Vergiftung mit Cumarinderivaten stellt bei Hunden, aber auch Katzen die häufigste Vergiftung dar. Die Gefahr durch Permethrin für Katzen ist weiterhin aktuell. In der täglichen Praxis wird meist ohne Toxinnachweis symptomatisch therapiert. Dabei ist das ursächliche Toxin oft nicht bekannt. Gerade deshalb sollten zusätzliche Maßnahmen zur Elimination (Magen-/Rektumspülung, medizinische Kohle, Lipidtherapie) als Therapieoption mit einbezogen werden. Eine erfolgreiche systematische prospektive Erhebung im Praxisalltag erfordert eine gute Zusammenarbeit zwischen Praxis und Untersucher.
Feline Lepra bei einem 5 Monate alten Kater in Deutschland
Authors: Himstedt Verena , Dorn Nicole , Göggerle Ulrich , Rieker Thomas , Krug Stephanie
Published: October 2018

Ein 5 Monate alter, 4 kg schwerer Europäisch-Kurzhaar-Kater wurde mit ulzerierten kutanen Knoten vorgestellt, die in mehreren Arealen über den gesamten Körper verteilt waren. Die serologische Untersuchung auf das feline Immunschwächevirus und das feline Leukämievirus ergab negative Befunde. Anhand des histologischen Nachweises von säurefesten Stäbchen in drei Hautbioptaten wurde die Diagnose Mykobakteriose der Haut gestellt. Mithilfe der Polymerase-Kettenreaktion ließ sich Mycobacterium lepraemurium identifizieren. Der Kater wurde nach der operativen Entfernung aller Hautknoten und einer 14,5 Wochen andauernden Therapie mit Rifampicin und Clarithromycin als geheilt eingestuft. Im Beobachtungszeitraum von 1 Jahr nach Therapieende entwickelte sich kein Rezidiv.
Prednisolone dosages in Addisonian dogs after integration of ACTH measurement into treatment surveillance
Authors: Haninger Tanja , Zeugswetter Florian
Published: October 2018

Objective: To examine the prednisolone and fludrocortisone dosages in dogs with primary hypoadrenocorticism after integrating endogenous ACTH (eACTH) determination into the surveillance regimen.

Materials and methods: The local electronic medical records database was searched for dogs with primary hypoadrenocorticism and a complete follow-up including routine eACTH measurements until stabilisation. Dogs were considered stable if they showed no signs of glucocorticoid deficiency or excess, sodium and potassium were within the laboratory reference limits and no change of prednisolone and/or fludrocortisone dosage was recommended by the clinician. To avoid subclinical glucocorticoid overreplacement prednisolone was routinely reduced in case of eACTH concentrations below the detection limit of the assay.

Results: Thirteen client-owned dogs were eligible for inclusion in the study. Stabilisation was achieved after a median (range) of 14 (1–36) months and 4 (2–9) visits. After exclusion of two patients that did not need additional glucocorticoids, the prednisolone dosage was 0.06 (0.02–0.26) mg/kg/day and 9.1 times lower than the starting dose. No correlation was identified between prednisolone dosage in mg/kg/day and bodyweight (rSP = –0.369, p = 0.215). The final fludrocortisone dose was 0.022 (0.013–0.036) mg/kg/day. The median (range) survival time of the dogs that had died during the study period (n = 6) and all dogs was 74.5 (62–98) months and 71 (18–104) months, respectively.

Conclusion and clinical relevance: The integration of eACTH measurement into treatment surveillance helps to optimise glucocorticoid replacement therapy. It supports treatment recommendations and is a particular aid in dogs with ambiguous clinical signs. The results suggest that most dogs on fludrocortisone substitution therapy benefit from additional very low dose prednisolone.