bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategic development goals and national tourism policy
Authors: Magaš Dragan
Published: May 2021

An unstable tourism policy in Croatian tourism was a consequence of two reasons, in former Yugoslavia: lack of a general concept of tourism development and the relationship in the economic system of that time. Development of a new political environment which eliminates these limiting factors results in some positive effects, but they are insufficient and inappropriate; therefore they are strategic goals of Croatian tourism under consideration. The causes of this situation has been identified in the paper and the necessity of creating a national tourism policy has been pointed out, too. Stress has been laid on the importance of establishing general economic measures to improve economy and tourism as well.
A comparison of the effect of temperature on grapevine phenology between vineyards
Authors: Cameron Wendy , Petrie Paul R. , Barlow E.W.R. , Howell Kate , Jarvis Chelsea , Fuentes Sigfredo
Published: May 2021

The variability of grapevine phenological stages under climate change has been studied in many winegrowing regions, with many reporting an advancement of the major phenological stages, particularly flowering, veraison and harvest. This study aimed to compare these regional patterns to integrate our understanding of grapevine responses. Average daily January–March (JFM) mean temperatures were correlated with day of year budburst (DBUD) and average daily springtime March–May (MAM) maximum temperatures were correlated with day of year flowering (DFLO), day of year veraison (DVER) and day of year harvest (DHAR) for 17 vineyards and showed an advancement of the associated phenological stage with increased temperature for each index. There were significant differences between vineyard groups for the rate of advancement of DBUD, DVER and DHAR which suggests that the response of phenological stage to temperature is not linear and varies between cultivars. Only the interval between DBUD and DFLO showed a significant shortening as related to MAMMax, suggesting that the advancement of grape maturity as related to increasing springtime maximum temperature is largely due to the shortening of the DBUD to DFLO interval.
Study on Computer Monitoring System for Oilfield Joint Stations Based on the BP Neural Network PID Control Algorithm
Authors: Xu Jingtian , qiao yanli
Published: May 2021

Abstract: The Hanqu Joint Station of the Dingbian Oil Production Plant of Yanchang Oilfield Co., Ltd is located at the edge of the desert in northern China. the bad field conditions and strong sandstorm, the hardware of computer monitoring system of Joint Station is often damaged. At the same time, the core equipment of the joint station three-phase separator oil chamber liquid level is hard to achieve high precision constant value control, the general control algorithm is difficult to meet the control requirements.This paper proposed a design scheme of a oilfield joint station computer monitoring system based on the Siemens S7-300 PLC, the hardware of the monitoring system adopts the redundancy scheme of dual monitoring computers, dual programmable logic controllers (PLCs), and dual industrial Ethernet. The BP neural network PID control algorithm was used to realize constant value control of the oil chamber liquid level of the three-phase separator of the core equipment of the joint station，and realized high control precision. The monitoring system could well adapt to the harsh environment of the scene, and showed high reliability and efficiency.
GPCRs of Diverse Physiologic and Pathologic Effects with Fingerprints in COVID-19
Authors: Nejat Reza , Sadr Ahmad Shahir , Najafi David J.
Published: May 2021

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) belong to a large family of molecules eliciting different responses to a variety of signaling molecules. These receptors participate in various physiologic pathways such as metabolism, growth, immune responses, inflammation, vision, taste, olfaction, neurotransmission and even and pathologic responses including chronic inflammatory and vascular diseases. Receptors contributing to the biological responses of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) are members of GPCR family. COVID-19-induced inflammatory cascade has been attributed to acute ACE2 downregulation and imbalance of proinflammatory ACE/AngII/AT1R and anti-inflammatory ACE2/angiotensin (1-7)/Mas axes in favor of the former. Some of the receptors contributing to activities of proteins in RAS including AT1R, AT2R and Mas receptors are members of GPCR family. It is notable that these receptors induce their effects both through G protein and β-arrestin pathway; the former exerts temporary and the latter more sustained effects. In addition to the imbalance of GPCR responses contributing to RAS activities, it has been suggested that SARS-CoV2 pathogenesis might be attributed to the activation of GPCRs or modulating G-proteins involved in adenosine-CFTR regulation system and epithelial Na channel function.This article includes a minireview about the physiological functions of GPCRs and their contribution to COVID-19.
Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of a Rhodes Grass (Chloris gayana) Collection
Authors: Negawo Alemayehu Teressa , Muktar Meki S. , Assefa Yilikal , Hanson Jean , Sartie Alieu M. , Habte Ermias , Jones Chris S.
Published: May 2021

Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana Kunth) is one of the most important forage grasses used throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Enhancing the conservation and use of genetic resources requires the development of knowledge and understanding about the existing global diversity of the species. In this study, 104 Rhodes grass accessions, held in trust in the ILRI forage genebank, were characterized using DArTSeq markers to evaluate the genetic diversity and population structure, and to develop representative subsets, of the collection. The genotyping produced 193,988 SNP and 142,522 SilicoDArT markers with an average polymorphic information content of 0.18 and 0.26, respectively. Hierarchical clustering using selected informative markers showed the presence of two and three main clusters using SNP and SilicoDArT markers, respectively, with a cophenetic correction coefficient of 82 %. Bayesian population structure analysis also showed the presence of two main subpopulations using both marker types indicating the existence of significant genetic variation in the collection. A representative subset, containing 21 accessions from diverse origins, was developed using the SNP markers. In general, the results revealed substantial genetic diversity in the Rhodes grass collection and the generated molecular information, together with the developed subset, should help enhance the management, use and improvement of Rhodes grass germplasm in the future.
Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell for Building-Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) Applications
Authors: Szindler Marek , Szindler Magdalena M , Drygała Aleksandra , Lukaszkowicz Krzysztof , Kaim Paulina , R. Pietruszka
Published: May 2021

One of the important research directions in the field of photovoltaics is integration with construction. The integration of solar cell systems with a building can reduce installation costs and help optimize the used space. One of the interesting types of cells is dye-sensitized solar cells. In addition to their interesting properties, they also have aesthetic value. In the classic arrangement, they are constructed using glass with a transparent conductive layer (TCL). This article describes replacing a classic glass counter electrode with an electrode based on a ceramic tile and nickel foil. This solution makes it possible to expand their construction applications. The advantage of this solution is full integration with construction while simultaneously generating electricity. A dye-sensitized solar cell was built layer-by-layer on ceramic tile and nickel foil. An atomization method was used to deposit fluorine-doped tin oxide, and then a screen printing method was used to deposit a platinum layer. The electrical parameters of the manufactured DSSCs with and without a counter electrode tile were characterized by measuring their current-voltage characteristics under standard AM 1.5 radiation. A dye-sensitized solar cell integrated with ceramic tiles and nickel foil was produced and displayed an efficiency of over 4%.
3D Reconstruction Method of Rapeseed Plants in the Whole Growth Period Using RGB-D Camera
Authors: Teng Xiaowen , Zhou Guangsheng , Wu Yuxuan , Huang Chenglong , Dong Wanjing , Xu Shengyong
Published: May 2021

The 3D reconstruction method using RGB-D camera has a good balance in hardware cost, point cloud quality and automation. However, due to the limitation of inherent structure and imaging principle, the acquired point cloud has problems such as a lot of noise and difficult registration. This paper proposes a three-dimensional reconstruction method using Azure Kinect to solve these inherent problems. Shoot color map, depth map and near-infrared image of the target from six perspectives by Azure Kinect sensor. Multiply the 8-bit infrared image binarization with the general RGB-D image alignment result provided by Microsoft to remove ghost images and most of the background noise. In order to filter the floating point and outlier noise of the point cloud, a neighborhood maximum filtering method is proposed to filter out the abrupt points in the depth map. The floating points in the point cloud are removed before generating the point cloud, and then using the through filter filters out outlier noise. Aiming at the shortcomings of the classic ICP algorithm, an improved method is proposed. By continuously reducing the size of the down-sampling grid and the distance threshold between the corresponding points, the point clouds of each view are continuously registered three times, until get the complete color point cloud. A large number of experimental results on rape plants show that the point cloud accuracy obtained by this method is 0.739mm, a complete scan time is 338.4 seconds, and the color reduction is high. Compared with a laser scanner, the proposed method has considerable reconstruction accuracy and a significantly ahead of the reconstruction speed, but the hardware cost is much lower and it is easy to automate the scanning system. This research shows a low-cost, high-precision 3D reconstruction technology, which has the potential to be widely used for non-destructive measurement of crop phenotype.
Fracture and size effect of PFRC specimens simulated by using a trilinear softening diagram: a predictive approach
Authors: Suárez Fernando , Gálvez Jaime C , Alberti Marcos G , Enfedaque Alejandro
Published: May 2021

Size effect on plain concrete specimens is well known and can be correctly captured when performing numerical simulations by using a well characterised softening function, but in the case of fibre reinforced concrete this is not directly applicable, since an only diagram cannot capture the material behaviour on elements with different size due to dependence of the orientation factor of the fibres with the size of the specimen. In previous works, the use of a trilinear softening diagram proved to be very convenient for reproducing fracture of polyolefin fibre reinforced concrete elements, but only if it is previously adapted for each specimen size. In this work, a predictive methodology is used to reproduce fracture of polyolefin fibre reinforced concrete specimens of different sizes under three-point bending. Fracture is reproduced by means of a well known embedded cohesive model, with a trilinear softening function that is defined specifically for each specimen size. The fundamental points of these softening functions are defined a priori by using empirical expressions proposed in past works, based on an extensive experimental background. Therefore, the numerical results are obtained in a predictive manner, and then compared with a previous experimental campaign, showing that this approach properly captures the size effect, although some values of the fundamental points in the trilinear diagram could be defined more accurately.
Socioeconomic Inequalities in COVID-19 Confirmed Infection Across Three Waves. A Multilevel Approach in a Southern European Region
Authors: Aguilar-Palacio Isabel , Maldonado Lina , Malo Sara , Sánchez-Recio Raquel , Marcos-Campos Iván , Magallón-Botaya Rosa , Rabanaque MªJosé
Published: May 2021

Background: The aim of our study was to analyze the effect of socioeconomic inequalities, both at the individual and area of residence levels, on the probability of COVID-19 confirmed infection, and its variations across three pandemic waves. Methods: Retrospective cohort study. We included data from all individuals tested by COVID-19 during the three waves of the pandemic, from March to December 2020 (357,989 individuals). We studied the effect of inequalities on the risk of having a COVID-19 confirmed diagnosis after being tested using multilevel analyses with two levels of aggregation: individuals and basic healthcare area (BHA) of residence (deprivation level and type of zone). Results: Patient profile changed through the pandemic, with a predominance of low-paid employees living in deprived BHA. Workers with low salaries, unemployed and people on minimum integration income or who no longer receive the unemployment allowance, had a higher probability of COVID-19 infection than workers with salaries ≥€18,000 per year. Inequalities were higher in women and in the second wave. The deprivation level of BHA of residence influenced the risk of COVID-19 infection, especially in the second wave. Conclusions: There are inequalities in the risk of COVID-19 confirmed infection, both at individual and area level. It is necessary to develop individual and area coordinated measures in the control, diagnosis and treatment of the epidemic, in order to avoid an increase in the already existing inequalities.
Hold On! Your Emotion and Behaviour when Falling for Fake News in Social Media
Authors: Vatsalan Dinusha , Arachchilage Nalin Asanka Gamagedara
Published: May 2021

Researchers are concerned about the impact of fake news on democracy, while it could also escalate to life-threatening problems. Fake news continues to spread, so does people's behaviour and emotions about fake news via social media. This opens up the back door for cyber-criminals to entice people (i.e. taking advantage of victims' emotional and behavioural aspects) to click on fraudulent links (e.g. phishing links) associated with fake news when reading. Therefore, we investigate how people's emotional and behavioural features influence reading and diffusing fake news on social media. We proposed a classification model incorporating people's behavioural features and their emotions to better detect fake news in social media. Our results reveal that fake news has more negative emotions than legitimate ones and both title and the content of the news/posts are equally important. Furthermore, we have identified that there exist strong correlations between some of the behavioural and emotional features. Finally, we concluded that emotional and behavioural features are important for fake news classifications as they improve the accuracy of detecting fake news, and the findings of our study can ultimately be used to develop a risk score prediction model for fake news in social media.
Fabrication of Paper Sheets Coatings Based on Chitosan/Bacterial Nanocellulose/ZnO With Enhanced Antibacterial and Mechanical Properties
Authors: Jabłońska Joanna , Onyszko Magdalena , Konopacki Maciej , Augustyniak Adrian , Rakoczy Rafał , Mijowska Ewa
Published: May 2021

Here, we designed the composition of the coating of the paper sheets composed of chitosan, bacterial cellulose (nanofibres), and ZnO with boosted antibacterial and mechanical activity. We investigated the compositions with ZnO exhibiting two different sizes/shapes: (1) rods and (2) irregular sphere-like particles. The proposed processing of bacterial cellulose resulted in the formation of nanofibers. Antimicrobial behavior was tested using E. coli ATCC® 25922™ following ASTM E2149-13a standard. Mechanical properties of the paper sheets were measured by comparison of tearing resistance, tensile strength, and bursting strength according to ISO 5270 standard. The increased antibacterial response is assigned to the combination of chitosan and ZnO (independently of its shape and size), while the boosted mechanical behavior is due to bacterial cellulose nanofibers. Therefore, the proposed composition is an interesting multifunctional mixture for coatings in food packaging applications.
Short-term Psychological Effects of Forest Therapy: Early Evidence in Italy
Authors: Meneguzzo Francesco , Albanese Lorenzo , Antonelli Michele , Baraldi Rita , Becheri Francesco Riccardo , Centritto Francesco , Donelli Davide , Finelli Franco , Firenzuoli Fabio , Margheritini Giovanni , Maggini Valentina , Nardini Sara , Regina Marta , Zabini Federica , Neri Luisa
Published: May 2021

Immersion in forest environments was shown to produce beneficial effects to human health, in particular psychophysical relaxation, so much that this practice is increasingly recognized as a form of integrative medicine. Limited evidence exists about both statistical significance and size of the effects conditioned on personal characteristics, as well as on the main external variables. The primary purpose of this study was to substantiate the very concept of forest therapy by means of the quantification and significance of the psychological effects, stratified by gender, age groups and place of residence. A preliminary qualitative analysis of the main determinants, in particular the method of conducting, the meteorological comfort and the concentration of volatile organic compounds in the forest atmosphere, was afforded. Seven forest therapy sessions were performed in late summer though early fall, resulting in 150 psychological self-assessment questionnaires administered before and after each session. The results were comparable or even better than others reported in the international literature. Moreover, preliminary evidence arose about different functionality towards specific psychological indexes conditioned at least on gender and age groups, as well as meteorological comfort, structured programs and, possibly, volatile organic compounds showed an impact on the outcomes.
Monitoring Watering Practices on European Rice Paddy Fields with Sentinel-1: Characterizing European Rice in Multitemporal SAR Sequences for Mapping and Traceability Purposes
Authors: Marzi David , Dell'Acqua Fabio
Published: May 2021

Whereas a vast literature exists on satellite-based mapping of rice paddy fields in Asia, where most of the global production takes place, little has been produced so far that focuses on the European context. Detection and mapping methods that work well in the Asian context will not offer the same performances in Europe, where different seasonal cycles, environmental contexts, and rice varieties make distinctive features dissimilar to the Asian case. In this context, water management is a key clue; watering practices are distinctive for rice with respect to other crops, and within rice there exist diverse cultivation practices including organic and non-organic approaches. In this paper, we focus on satellite-observed water management to identify rice paddy fields cultivated with a traditional agricultural approach. Building on established research results, and guided by the output of experiments on real-world cases, a new method for analysing time series of Sentinel-1 data has been developed, which can identify traditional rice fields with a high degree of reliability. This work is a part of a broader initiative to build space-based tools for collecting additional pieces of evidence to support food chain traceability; the whole system will consider various parameters, whose analysis procedures are still at their early stages of development.
Aether Integration
Authors: Azmi Shad , Pushp Amal
Published: May 2021

In this paper we investigate into the possible resurrection for the aether and it’s compatibility with the theory of relativity. We revisit the Michelson-Morley experiment and expose some of the major inadequacies. In this regard, we have presented the true/corrected form of the Michelson-Morley experiment. We have tried to revise the interpretational aspect of the mathematical formalism regarding the metric of Minkowskian space-time in addendum with it’s relationship to the two theories of time. We herein have also tried to restrain some of the quantum mechanical issues arising from the mainstream understanding of the mathematical formalism of the Minkowskian manifold. Essentially, we have argued in favour of aether to be incorporated into our mathematical formalism as well the physical understanding of the universe.
Structural Proteomics-Driven Targeted Design of Favipiravir-Binding Site in The RdRp of SARS-CoV-2 Unravels Susceptible Hotspots and Resistance Mutations
Authors: Padhi Aditya K. , Dandapat Jagneshwar , Uversky Vladimir N. , Tripathi Timir
Published: May 2021

Favipiravir is a broad-spectrum inhibitor of viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) currently being used to manage COVID-19 in several countries. By acting as a substrate for RdRp, favipiravir gets incorporated into the nascent viral RNA and prevents strand extension. A high mutation rate of SARS-CoV-2 RdRp may facilitate antigenic drift as an answer to the host immune response, thereby generating resistance of virus to favipiravir. Therefore, it is extremely crucial to predict potential mutational sites in the RdRp and the emergence of structural modifications contributing to drug resistance. Here, we used high-throughput interface-based protein design to generate >100,000 designs and identify mutation hotspot residues in the favipiravir-binding site of RdRp. Several mutants had lower binding affinities to favipiravir, out of which hotspot residues with a high propensity to undergo positive selection were identified. The results showed that the designs retained an average of 97 to 98% sequence identity, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 can develop favipiravir resistance with just a few mutations. Notably, we observed that out of 134 mutations predicted designs, 63 specific mutations were already present in the CoV-GLUE database, thus attaining ~47% correlation match with the clinical sequencing data. The findings improve our understanding of the potential signatures of adaptation in SARS-CoV-2 against favipiravir and management of COVID-19. Furthermore, they can help develop exhaustive strategies for robust antiviral design and discovery.
Pumice as a Novel Nature Heterogeneous Catalyst for Synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidine-2-(1H)-Ones/Thiones via Biginelli Reaction under Solvent-free Conditions
Authors: Mohamed Ali , Al-Wahaibi Lamya H. , Abdelhamid Antar , Saber Sayed , Kanzi Nadia
Published: May 2021

Abstract: An efficient and environmentally Pumice as a new catalyst for designing of 3,4- dihydropyrimidin-2(1H) ones / thiones via one-pot multi component condensation of aromatic aldehydes, urea/ thiourea and ethyl acetoacetate or acetyl acetone in excellent yields (96-99 %). The advantages using of this new catalyst is very cheap, available, non-toxic, stable under thermal conditions, easy work-up, improved yields, the product of reaction is very pure without using chromatographic methods and solvent free conditions.
Review of an Explanation of Aerodynamic Lift by Triple Deck Theory
Authors: Schaffarczyk Alois
Published: May 2021

Inspired from a recent article by Regis , earlier publised work of McLean , , and informal discussions much earlier with members of the Danish Technical University and KTH, Sweden we summarize known results for viscous correction to the lift coefficient for thin aerodynamic profiles. We thereby try to remember [d=1]theto work of on triple-deck or higher order Boundary Layer theory and compare it to simple 2D Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) models. As a conclusion, a clearer definition of terms like understanding and explanation applied to the phenomena of aerodynamic lift will be given.
What Disease does this Patient Have? A Large-scale Open Domain Question Answering Dataset from Medical Exams
Authors: Jin Di , Pan Eileen , Oufattole Nassim , Weng Wei-Hung , Fang Hanyi , Szolovits Peter
Published: May 2021

Open domain question answering (OpenQA) tasks have been recently attracting more and more attention from the natural language processing (NLP) community. In this work, we present the first free-form multiple-choice OpenQA dataset for solving medical problems, MedQA, collected from the professional medical board exams. It covers three languages: English, simplified Chinese, and traditional Chinese, and contains 12,723, 34,251, and 14,123 questions for the three languages, respectively. We implement both rule-based and popular neural methods by sequentially combining a document retriever and a machine comprehension model. Through experiments, we find that even the current best method can only achieve 36.7%, 42.0%, and 70.1% of test accuracy on the English, traditional Chinese, and simplified Chinese questions, respectively. We expect MedQA to present great challenges to existing OpenQA systems and hope that it can serve as a platform to promote much stronger OpenQA models from the NLP community in the future.
Proinflammatory Cytokines and Chemokines are Related to MRI Measures of White and Gray Matter in HIV Infection
Authors: Ruhanya Vurayai , Jacobs Graeme Brendon , Paul Robert , Joska John , Seedat Soraya , Nyandoro George , Engelbrecht Susan , Glashoff Richard Helmuth
Published: May 2021

Background: HIV is accompanied by production of proinflammatory cytokines which are regarded as critical in neuronal damage, leading to brain dysfunction, hence the need to identify cytokine biomarkers sensitive to brain damage. Methods: We applied MRI volumetric neuroimaging and high throughput Luminex based immunoassays to examine the relationship between cortical white matter, subcortical gray matter and total gray matter brain volumes and plasma cytokines in HIV indviduals using generalised linear models and Partial least square regression model. Results: Higher plasma inflammatory cytokines CCL5/RANTES and MCP-1 were significantly associated with lower cortical white matter volume. Higher IL-6 was associated with both lower subcortical gray matter and lower total gray matter, whereas higher IL-8 and GM-CSF were associated with lower total gray matter only. Higher VEGF, PDGF-BB and IL-9 were associated with higher cortical white matter volumes. After standardisation and adjusting for clinical and demographic variables, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1 remained associated with lower volumes of the three brain regions whereas IL-9, VEGF and PDGF-BB were associated with higher volumes. Conclusions: Association proinflammatory cytokines RANTES, MCP-1 and IL-6 with lower brain volumes could imply possible involvement in neurodegerative processes in HIV infection while IL-9, VEGF and PDGF may have a neuroprotective or neurotrophic role.
Mapping Effective Field Theory to Multifractal Geometry
Authors: Goldfain Ervin
Published: May 2021

Fractals and multifractals are well-known trademarks of nonlinear dynamics and classical chaos. The goal of this work is to tentatively uncover the unforeseen path from multifractals and selfsimilarity to the framework of effective field theory (EFT). An intriguing finding is that the partition function of multifractal geometry includes the signature of non-Euclidean metric. Our results also suggest that multifractal geometry may offer insights into the non-renormalizable interactions presumed to develop beyond the Standard Model scale.
Emerin Represses STAT3 Signaling through Nuclear Membrane-Based Spatial Control
Authors: Lee Byongsun , Lee Seungjae , Lee Younggwang , Park Yongjin , Shim Jaekyung
Published: May 2021

Emerin is the inner nuclear membrane protein involved in maintaining the mechanical integrity of the nuclear membrane. Mutations in EMD encoding emerin cause Emery–Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD). There has been accumulating evidence that emerin regulation of specific gene expression is associated with this disease, but the exact function of emerin has still less revealing. Here, we have shown that emerin downregulates Signal transducer and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling, activated exclusively by Janus-kinase (JAK). Deletion mutation experiments showed that the lamin-binding domain of emerin is essential for the inhibition of STAT3 signaling. Emerin interacted directly and co-localized with STAT3 in the nuclear membrane. Emerin knockdown induced STAT3 target genes Bcl2 and Survivin to increase cell survival signals and suppress hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis in HeLa cells. Specifically, downregulation of BAF or lamin A/C increases STAT3 signaling, suggesting that correct-localized emerin by assembling with BAF and lamin A/C acts as an intrinsic inhibitor against STAT3 signaling. In C2C12 cells, emerin knockdown induced STAT3 target gene, Pax7, and activated abnormal myoblast proliferation associated with muscle wasting in skeletal muscle homeostasis. Our results indicate that emerin downregulates STAT3 signaling by inducing retention of STAT3 and delaying STAT3 signaling in the nuclear membrane. This mechanism provides clues to the etiology of emerin-related muscular dystrophy and could be a new therapeutic target for treatment.
Research on the Decision-Making Mechanism of Live Commerce Supply Chain Based on Three-Party Evolutionary Game
Authors: Wu Jixiao , Wang Yinghui
Published: May 2021

With the diversified development of media forms, livestreaming e-commerce has become a new sales model. Unlike the traditional sales model, this paper constructs a three-party game model composed of manufacturers, social media influencers and consumers based on the livestreaming model. It explores the equilibrium strategy selections of each participant in the supply chain system. In analyzing the evolutionary game stability of each participant, this paper obtains the equilibrium strategy and stability factors by analysis of the income and expenditure matrix. It uses the simulation model to analyze reasons for strategy selections of different game participants in the livestreaming e-commerce model. The results show that the strategies of manufacturers, social media influencers and consumers' selections have different impacts on their decision-making mechanism, and man-ufacturers are more sensitive to consumers' active participation in livestreaming e-commerce.
Gené, M. (2019). La rosca política. El oficio de los armadores delante y detrás de escena (o el discreto encanto del toma y daca). Siglo XXI Editores, 270 pp.
Authors: Basewicz Rojana Iván Federico
Published: May 2021

A partir del caso del Ministerio del Interior en Argentina entre 1983 y 2007, la socióloga e investigadora Mariana Gené busca abordar el estudio de la profesión política. Esto es realizado desde una doble perspectiva: la ministerial y la de los agentes. Por ello, la metodología utilizada corresponde con un enfoque prosopográfico propio de los estudios cualitativos. En este sentido, la diversidad de fuentes aporta un enriquecimiento y profundidad a la temática trabajada. En definitiva, resulta un texto fundamental para la comprensión y el estudio de las clases dirigentes.
Las revisiones sistemáticas como proceso de selección artificial del conocimiento científico en el área de salud
Authors: Mendoza De Los Santos Oscar Eliezer
Published: May 2021

El presente ensayo tiene por objetivo conceptualizar y analizar las revisiones sistemáticas como proceso de selección artificial del conocimiento científico en el marco de la epistemología evolucionista. Primeramente, se analizan los principales supuestos de la evolución del conocimiento científico por selección natural. Posteriormente, se propone que las revisiones sistemáticas sean consideradas como una forma de metainvestigación, entendiendo a esta última como un tipo de investigación que tiene por objeto de estudio el conocimiento científico y la evaluación del mismo. Por otra parte, se propone el concepto de Selección Artificial Epistémica, para referir a un proceso de selección epistémica distinto al planteado por el modelo de selección natural. Dado que las revisiones sistemáticas tienen como uno de sus objetivos la evaluación de los estudios científico que pretenden ser incluidos en la revisión, se concluye que éstas cumplen con los criterios para poder ser consideradas como proceso de selección artificial epistémica.
DOES DIGITAL FINANCIAL INCLUSION MATTER FOR BANK RISK-TAKING? EVIDENCE FROM THE DUAL-BANKING SYSTEM
Authors: Banna Hasanul , Alam Md Rabiul
Published: May 2021

This paper examines the nexus between digital financial inclusion (DFI) and levels of bank risk-taking, using a sample of 283 commercial banks (Islamic and conventional) from six countries over the period 2011 to 2019 and deploying panel-corrected standard errors, two-stage least squares-instrumental variables and dynamic panel two-step generalized method of moments estimators. The findings suggest that Islamic banks take more risks than their counterpart conventional banks. The empirical evidence also indicates that an increase in the DFI index score reduces the overall level of bank risktaking and increases that of banking stability for commercial and conventional banks compared to Islamic ones. A strong association between DFI and bank risk-taking suggests that DFI not only reduces the default risk, leverage risk and portfolio risk of banks, but also increases financial mobility in the sample countries. Consequently, an inclusive digitalised banking industry ensures sustainable economic growth, which is likely to help maintain financial sustainability in times of crisis such as the Covid-19 pandemic. Our results are shown to be robust by various robustness checks. The study contributes to both the Islamic and conventional banking, as well as the digital financial inclusion, literature. The findings of the study provide various policy implications for policymakers and standard-setters in the countries examined.
MULTIDIMENSIONAL RISK AND RELIGIOSITY TOWARDS INDONESIAN MUSLIMS’ SHARIA INVESTMENT DECISION
Authors: Lestari Irna Puji , Ginanjar Wenang , Warokka Ari
Published: May 2021

The decision-making process for Sharia investment needs to consider the individual’s risk tolerance since every type of investment is closely attached to the risk-return trade-off. This study examines whether multidimensional risk tolerance and religiosity influence Sharia investment decisions. The study used 300 potential Muslim investors in Indonesia as the primary data source through an online survey with a convenience sampling method and analysed the data using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The results show that three multidimensional risks (risk propensity, risk attitude and risk capacity) have a significant effect on the Sharia investment decision. The research also tested the moderating effect of religiosity levels by performing Multi-Group Analysis (MGA) and found significant differences between risk propensity and sharia investment decisions among moderate and devout religious individuals.
DOES ISLAMIC BANKING PROMOTE FINANCIAL STABILITY? EVIDENCE FROM AN AGENT-BASED MODEL
Authors: Tekdogan Omer Faruk , Atasoy Burak Sencer
Published: May 2021

Islamic banking has come to the forefront as being one of the fastest growing branch of the global financial industry in recent years. In this study we evaluate whether coexistence of Islamic and conventional banks promote financial stability. In this respect, we evaluate two types of financial systems: (1) A system solely comprised of conventional banks, (2) a dual system in which conventional and Islamic banks coexist and interact with each other. Accordingly, we design two agent-based models representing aforementioned systems and examine possible contagious effects and causes of bank failures by employing the volatility spillover methodology. We find that Islamic banks greatly promote stability by providing liquidity during financial shocks and create more liquidity per asset compared to conventional banks. We also find that they tend to hold more cash than conventional banks, which cushion the effects of a possible liquidity squeeze. Conventional banks, on the other hand, tend to have reserve deficits, which intensify during shock periods. We conclude that coexistence of both bank types creates a win-win situation and contributes to financial stability.
Chemtables: A Dataset for Semantic Classification on Tables in Chemical Patents
Authors: Zhai Zenan , Druckenbrodt Christian , Thorne Camilo , Akhondi Saber , Ngueyn Dat Quoc , Cohn Trevor , Verspoor Karin
Published: May 2021

Chemical patents are a commonly used channel for disclosing novel compounds and reactions, and hence represent important resources for chemical and pharmaceutical research. Key chemical data in patents is often presented in tables. Both the number and the size of tables can be very large in patent documents. In addition, various types of information can be presented in tables in patents, including spectroscopic and physical data, or pharmacological use and effects of chemicals. Since images of Markush structures and merged cells are commonly used in these tables, their structure also shows substantial variation. This heterogeneity in content and structure of tables in chemical patents makes relevant information difficult to find. We therefore propose a new text mining task of automatically categorising tables in chemical patents based on their contents. Categorisation of tables based on the nature of their content can help to identify tables containing key information, improving the accessibility of information in patents that is highly relevant for new inventions. For developing and evaluating methods for the table classification task, we developed a new dataset, called ChemTables, which consists of 788 chemical patent tables with labels of their content type. We introduce this data set in detail. We further establish strong baselines for the table classification task in chemical patents by applying state-of-the-art neural network models developed for natural language processing, including TabNet, ResNet and Table-BERT on ChemTables. The best performing model, Table-BERT, achieves a performance of 88.66 micro F1 score on the table classification task. Availability: The ChemTables dataset is publicly available at http://dx.doi.org/10.17632/g7tjh7tbrj.1, subject to the CC BY NC 3.0 license. Code/models evaluated in this work are in a Github repository https://github.com/zenanz/ChemTables.
A Study on Power-Controlled Wire-Arc Additive Manufacturing using a Data-driven Surrogate Model
Authors: Israr Rameez , Buhl Johannes , Bambach Markus
Published: May 2021

Wire-Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) provides an alternative for the production of various metal products needed in medium to large batch sizes due to its high deposition rates. However, the cyclic heat input in WAAM may cause local overheating. To avoid adverse effects on the performance of the part, interlayer dwelling and active cooling are used, but these measures increase the process time. Alternatively, the temperature during the WAAM process could be controlled by optimizing the welding power. The present work aims at introducing and implementing a novel temperature management approach by adjusting the weld-bead cross-section along with the welding power to reduce the heat accumulation in the WAAM process. The temperature evolution during welding of weld beads of different cross-sections is investigated and a database of the relation between optimal welding power for beads of various sizes and different pre-heating temperatures was established. The numerical results are validated experimentally with a block-shaped geometry. The results show that by the proposed method, the test shape made was welded with lower energy consumption and process time as compared to conventional constant-power WAAM. The proposed approach efficiently manages the thermal input and reduces the need for pausing the process. Hence, the defects related to heat accumulation might be reduced, and the process efficiency increased.
The costs of keeping schools open during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Haw David , Forchini Giovanni , Christen Paula , Bajaj Sumali , Hogan Alexandra , Winskill Peter , Miraldo Marisa , White Peter , Ghani Azra , Ferguson Neil , Smith Peter , Hauck Katharina
Published: May 2021

There is a trade-off between restrictions on the education sector and other economic sectors in the control of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Here we integrate a dynamic model of SARS-CoV-2 transmission with a 63-sector economic model reflecting sectoral heterogeneity in transmission and economic interdependence between sectors. We identify control strategies which optimize economic production while keeping schools and universities operational, and constraining infections such that emergency hospital capacity is not exceeded. We estimate an economic gain of between £163bn (24%) and £205bn (31%) for the United Kingdom compared to a blanket lockdown of non-essential activities over six months, depending on hospital capacity. Sectors identified as priorities for closures are contact-intensive, produce few crucial inputs for other sectors and/or are less economically productive. Partial closures over some months are required for retail trade, hospitality, accommodation, creative activities, arts, entertainment, and personal services including hairdressing and beauty treatments under most scenarios.
The Deceleration of Radio/Light Transmission; A Collision Mechanism Dependent Radio Signal Emission, Transmission, and Reception
Authors: Zhang Jing
Published: May 2021

The fast and slow fading of radio signal transmissions or laser beam itself and its spare light confirm the presence of two kinds of collisions --- electron-photon and photon-photon collision. Photon transmissions of radio signals are either in consecutive dense photon groups in slow fading process or widespread group pattern in fast fading form. The photon transmission shapes are irregular and dynamical changes. The radio frequency shift and the wavelength reduction by the calculation demonstrate decelerations of radio/light transmission speeds due to the gradual reduced distance between two consecutive photon groups along the transmission pathway. Photons from radio signals are able to affect electron movements in radio signal receiving process and electrons able to kick photons into space during radio signal emission. The pattern of free electron movement under the influence of local electromagnetic force in antenna is consistent with the randomly dynamic changes of radio signal in space. The fast fading is due to the collision of consecutive photon groups of signals in slow fading with free photons in space. The mathematical equation for the relationship between light/radio transmission speeds before and after photons collisions is established. The equation is confirmed by the calculations of well-known difference of light transmission speeds in different media. The gravities from Earth and Sun play little role during light/radio transmission.
Phenotypic Intrafamilial Variability Including H Syndrome and Rosai Dorfman Disease Associated With the Same c.1088G>A mutation in the SLC29A3 gene.
Authors: CHOUK Hamza , REJEB Mohamed BEN , BOUSSOFARA Lobna , MABROUK Haïfa EL , GHARIANI Najet , SR Badreddine , SAAD Ali , H'MIDA Dorra , DENGUEZLI Mohamed
Published: May 2021

BackgroundMutations in the SLC29A3 gene, which encodes the nucleoside transporter hENT3, has been implicated in syndromic forms of Histiocytosis including H syndrome, pigmented hypertrichosis with insulin-dependent diabetes, Faisalabad histiocytosis and Familial Rosai Dorfman disease (RDD). Herein, we report five new patients from a single family who present with phenotypes that associate features of H syndrome and Familial Rosai Dorfman Disease.MethodsWe investigated the clinical, biochemical, histopathological and molecular findings in five Tunisian family Members' diagnosed with Familial RDD and/or H syndrome. The solute carrier family 29 (nucleoside transporters), member 3 (SLC29A3) gene was screened for molecular diagnosis using direct Sanger sequencing.ResultsGenetic analysis of all affected individuals revealed a previously reported missense mutation c.1088 G>A [p.Arg363Gln] in exon 6 of the SLC29A3 gene. Four affected members presented with clinical features consistent with the classical H syndrome phenotype. While their cousin’s features were in keeping with the diagnosis of Familial Rosai Dorfman disease with a previously undescribed cutaneous RDD presenting as erythematous nodular plaques on the face. This report underlines the clinical variability of SLC29A3 disorders even with an identical mutation in the same family.ConclusionWe report a rare event of 5 Tunisian family Members' found to be homozygous for SLC29A3 gene mutations but showing a different phenotype severity. Our study reveals that despite a single mutation, the clinical expression of the SLC29A3 disorders may be significantly heterogeneous suggesting a poor genotype-phenotype correlation for the disease.
Security Enhancement of 2-D DIM Codes using 4 x 1 NOR Logic based on FISO
Authors: Kaur Simarpreet , Singh Simranjit
Published: May 2021

Security enhancement and bandwidth increase are requirements of ultrafast future optical code division networks that also minimise the latency at nodes without distressing the traffic performance. In OCDMA systems, eavesdropper tries to breach the optical code, and encoded/encrypted data in order to get correct code word of legitimate user. For security enhancement, an ultra high speed 4×100 Gbps two dimensional Diagonal identity matrix (2D-DIM) code and four input single output (FISO) all optical logic gate (AOLG) with private key encryption is proposed and its performance in terms of security is analyzed. Expressions for synchronous and asynchronous transmissions are derived for proposed work and it is perceived that asynchronous transmission has better security. Further performance/security analysis is carried out for different scenarios such as with/without FISO, with 1D-DIM/2D-DIM codes, using 4×1 AND gate/NOR gate in terms of correct code detection rate (CCDR), max. eye amplitude (MEA), Received Q factor, Signal to noise ratio (SNR) at different launched power levels for legitimate user and eavesdropper. Eavesdropper attacked the proposed system but due to FISO layering, private key encryption, and 2D-DIM codes, cannot get acceptable level of CCDR. To the best of author’s knowledge, proposed system is ultra high speed with enhanced security and no reported studies have investigated security enhancement at this much ultra high speed.