bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) DAN STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN GROUP INVESTIGATION (GI) TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MAHASISWA PADA MATERI RESPIRASI TUMBUHAN TADRIS BIOLOGI UIN SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Tanjung Indayana Febriani
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar antara mahasiswa yang diajarkan dengan Problem Based Learning dibanding mahasiswa yang diajarkan pembelajaran Group Investigation, 2) mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar mahasiswa akibat penerapan pembelajaran Problem Based Learning. Jenis penelitian ini quasi experiment. Populasi penelitian adalah sebanyak 132 orang mahasiswa dilakukan secara random assignment. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes tertulis. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan statistik deskriptif. Hasilnya sebagai berikut. 1) Terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar antara mahasiswa yang diajar Problem Based Learning dengan nilai rata-rata 75,00, nilai tertinggi 90 dan nilai terendah 55, dibandingkan mahasiswa yang diajar pembelajaran Group Investigation dengan nilai rata-rata 59,55, nilai tertinggi 75, dan nilai terendah 40. 2) Ada peningkatan hasil belajar mahasiswa akibat penerapan pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dengan nilai rata-rata peningkatan 46,11 dan ada peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dengan pembelajaran Group Investigation sebesar 29,20.
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA PELAJARAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM DI KELAS VII-2 MELALUI PENDEKATAN PEMBELAJARAN CARA BELAJAR SISWA AKTIF DI SMP NEGERI 29 MEDAN
Authors: Siregar Sauli Farida
Published: February 2020

Tujuan penelitian untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam di Kelas VII-2 melalui pendekatan pembelajaran cara belajar siswa aktif di SMP Negeri 29 Medan Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah Metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas dengan menggunakan 2 siklus. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa Kelas VII-2 SMP Negeri 29 Medan sebanyak 36 orang. Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan untuk memperoleh data dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan test, angket dan observasi. Teknik analisa data menggunakan perhitungan jumlah nilai yang diperoleh siswa dibagi jumlah nilai total dikalikan dengan seratus kemudian perhitungan data menggunakan pengelompokan nilai rata-rata siswa, persentase siswa yang tuntas dan persentase jumlah siswa yang belum tuntas. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan hasil belajar dengan menerapkan pendekatan pembelajaran cara belajar siswa aktif dengan hasil sebagai berikut: (1) terdapat peningkatan rata-rata hasil belajar siswa, dimana pada tes awal rata-rata hasil belajar siswa adalah 41,67, pada siklus I meningkatkan menjadi 61,67 kemudian pada siklus II meningkat lagi menjadi 77,5, terdapat peningkatan jumlah siswa yang tuntas, dimana pada tes awal jumlah siswa yang tuntas hanya 0%, meningkat menjadi 52,78% pada siklus I kemudian meningkat lagi menjadi 86,11% pada siklus II, terdapat penurunan jumlah siswa yang tidak tuntas, dimana pada tes awal jumlah siswa yang tidak tuntas mencapai 100%, pada siklus I menurun menjadi 47,22% kemudian pada siklus II menurun lagi menjadi 13,89% dengan kata lain hanya 5 siswa saja yang memperoleh nilai 60 dan selebihnya (31) siswa memperoleh nilai di atas 70.
MASAIL FIQHIYAH DALAM KONTEKS SOSIAL BUDAYA
Authors: Yumni Auffah
Published: February 2020

ISLAM tidak diadreskan di dalam masyarakat yang hampa nilai-nilai sosial budaya, tetapi dialamatkan kepada masyarakat yang sudah sarat dengan nilai-nilai sosial-budaya. Kehadiran Islam tidak untuk serta merta harus menyingkirkan ajaran dan nilai-nilai yang sudah mapan.
SEMULIA AKHLAK NABI
Authors: Karim Pangulu Abdul
Published: February 2020

Kedudukan akhlak dalam kehidupan manusia menempati tempat yang penting sekali, baik sebagai individu maupun sebagai masyarakat dan bangsa. Sebab jatuh bangunnya, jaya hancurnya, sejahtera rusaknya seseorang, masyarakat dan bangsa tergantung kepada bagaimana akhlaknya. Apabila akhlaknya baik, akan sejahteralah lahir bathinnya, akan tetapi apabila akhlaknya buruk, rusaklah lahir bathinnya.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERBICARASISWA MELALUI TEKNIK BERCERITABERPASANGAN DI KELAS IIISD NEGERI 060954 MEDAN
Authors: Rezeky Ulfah Sari
Published: February 2020

Penelitian bertujuan untuk peningkatan kemampuan berbicara siswa melalui teknik bercerita berpasangan terhadap kelas III SD Negeri 060954 Medan. Lokasi penelitian di SD Negeri 060954 Medan dan Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas III SD Negeri 060954 Medan. Siswa yang hadir pada Siklus I dan Siklus II sebanyak 24 siswa.

Teknik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik bercerita berpasangan yaitu untuk mengetahui kemampuan berbicara siswa. Alat pengumpulan data adalah tes lisan dalam bentuk menceritakan peristiwa yang dialami siswa. Hasil belajar dengan menggunakan teknik pembelajaran bercerita berpasangan berada dalam kategori baik dengan nilai rata-rata meningkat, ketuntasan belajar siswa, tuntas secara individual dan klasikal.

            Nilai individu pada Siklus I masih rendah namun setelah dilakukan perbaikan pada Siklus II setiap nilai individual meningkat, nilai rata-rata pada Siklus I yaitu 70 setelah dilakukan perbaikan pada Siklus II meningkat menjadi 80, dan Ketuntasan klasikal pada Siklus I mencapai 54,16%dalam kategori cukup namun setelah dilakukan perbaikan pada Siklus II mengalami peningkatan 87,5%.

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelaksanaan pembelajaraan dengan menggunakan teknik bercerita berpasangan dengan mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia pada materi Peristiwa di Kelas III SD Negeri 060954 Medan sudah berkategori baik dan hasil belajar siswa meningkat.
TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR IPS SISWA KELAS V SDN 060954 KECAMATAN MEDAN MARELAN
Authors: Rezeki Ulfah Sari , Cornelia Tina Sheba
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: 1) hasil belajar IPS siswa yang diajar dengan teknik kunjungan lapangan dibandingkan dengan hasil belajar IPS siswa yang diajar dengan teknik penyajian kasus; 2) hasil belajar IPS siswa yang memiliki gaya belajar visual dibandingkan dengan siswa yang memiliki gaya belajar auditori; dan 3) interaksi antara teknik pembelajaran dan gaya belajar terhadap hasil belajar IPS siswa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SD Negeri 060954 Kecamatan Medan Marelan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas V yaitu sebanyak 50 siswa sedangkan sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu siswa yang mengambil mata pelajaran IPS sebanyak 25 siswa pada kelas V/a dan sebanyak 25 siswa pada kelas V/b. Instrumen yang digunakan diantaranya yaitu angket gaya belajar dan tes hasil belajar. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode quasi eksperimen dengan desain faktorial 2x2. Teknik analisis data menggunakan ANAVA dua jalur pada taraf sig0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 1) Hasil belajar IPS siswa yang diajarkan dengan teknik kunjungan lapangan lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan teknik penyajian kasus (Fhitung = 19,86> Ftabel = 4,05), 2) Hasil belajar IPS Siswa yang memiliki gaya belajar visual lebih tinggi  dibandingkan dengan gaya belajar auditori (Fhitung = 8,65 > Ftabel = 4,05). 3) Terdapat interaksi teknik pembelajaran dan gaya belajar siswa dalam mempengaruhi hasil belajar IPS siswa (Fhitung = 6,52> Ftabel = 4,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknik pembelajaran dan gaya belajar berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar IPS siswa.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPS MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN MAKE A MATCH
Authors: Rambe Riris Nurkholidah , Putri Amelia
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV MIS Al-Jam’iyatul Washliyah Desa Nagur yang berjumlah 28 orang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) Hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPS sebelum diterapkan model pembelajaran make a match. (2) Penerapan model pembelajaran make a match yang dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPS. (3) Hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPS setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran make a match.Temuan penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut: (1) Hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPS sebelum diterapkan model pembelajaran make a match masih tergolong sangat rendah. (2) Penerapan model pembelajaran make a match dilaksanakan dua siklus, setiap siklus berisi tindakan-tindakan untuk mengembangkan skenario pembelajaran yang telah ditetapkan. Selama diterapkan model pembelajaran make a match siswa terlihat aktif dan lebih mudah menerima pembelajaran yang telah diajarkan. (3) Hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPS setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran make a match meningkat dan tergolong tinggi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah pada tes awal frekuensi ketuntasan sebesar  7,14% meningkat ke test siklus I menjadi 60,71%. Sedangkan dari siklus I sebesar 60,71%  meningkat ke test siklus II menjadi 96,42%. Dengan demikian, model pembelajaran make a match pada mata pelajaran IPS dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.
PENGARUH INFLASI DAN KURS TERHADAP UJRAH DALAM PEMBIAYAAN MUSYARAKAH MUTANAQISAH PADA PT. BANK MUAMALAT INDONESIA, TBK CABANG PEMATANGSIANTAR
Authors: Aslami Nuri
Published: February 2020

This study aims to determine how the effects of inflation and exchange rate against ujrah, musyarakah, mutanaqisah PT Bank Muamalat Indonesia, Tbk Branch Pematang Siantar. This research is a field research using quantitative and qualitative approaches. The data used are secondary data, ie., data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency report, Report of Bank Indonesia, and the financial statements of PT Bank Muamalat Indonesia, Tbk Branch Pematang Siantar. The data were processed using SPSS 16. The analysis used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that the inflation and the exchange rate (the independent variable) affects ujrah in Musharakah financing mutanaqisah (dependent variable). The independent variables in this study could explain the change by 3.4% and the rest (96.6%) is explained by other variables beyond the variables used. Partially, the level of significant 5% and t table of 2034, inflation and exchange rate does not significantly affect the Musharakah financing ujrah mutanaqisah. This is demonstrated by the t value inflation of 0. 489 and texchange rate of 0899.
Inteligencias múltiples y su aplicación en el aula de secundaria. Reflexiones a propósito de un estudio en el aula de Alemán como segunda lengua extranjera
Authors: Acosta Jiménez Adrián José
Published: February 2020

La importancia que otorga la LOMCE al plurilingüismo como principio necesario para la mejora de la calidad educativa nos invita a repensar el objetivo de la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras en el ámbito escolar y la metodología que se adecúa a esos objetivos sin dejar de lado el contexto en el que nos movemos. Por ello, la metodología debe ser especialmente cuidada y seleccionada para que el alumno se desarrolle plenamente y para que alcance, a la vez, una competencia comunicativa o intercultural determinada.El trabajo basado en las teorías de Howard Gardner sobre las Inteligencias Múltiples llevado al aula de Alemán en ESO ofrece una posibilidad para engranar estos dos objetivos. En este artículo se desarrollará más profundamente en qué consiste esta teoría como base metodológica y su relación con las competencias clave. Se comentará a propósito de un estudio realizado en el aula a dos grupos de alumnos de 1º ESO.Los resultados confirmarán que estamos ante una metodología apropiada para el estudio de lenguas en el ámbito escolar y que puede ser fácilmente llevada al aula por sí sola o de la mano de otras propuestas metodológicas.
La Educación como fin existencial en la Justicia de Menores
Authors: Molina Garrido José Daniel
Published: February 2020

La Educación, como valor superior a alcanzar por cualquier sociedad democrática y civilizada, a fin de desarrollar los derechos, principios y valores cívicos y democráticos de toda colectividad social, ha de ser la meta, también a alcanzar por nuestros operadores jurídicos al aplicar las diferentes disposiciones normativas tendentes a lograr un resultado justo en la aplicación de nuestro derecho positivo. Con esta obra se pretende demostrar que la Educación es parte imperante, concomitante y finalista en la justicia de menores. Tal intención de nuestro legislador, de tratar de modo diferente a aquellos sujetos que todavía lo son por circunstancias psicológicas y físicas, es decir, a los menores de dieciocho años, a diferencia de los sujetos mayores de edad, queda plasmada en la ley reguladora de la responsabilidad penal del menor, con su espíritu sumamente garantista a la par que proteccionista. Ejemplo también de este halo proteccionista es la intervención como instructor en la causa del ministerio fiscal, el cual entre uno de sus fines elementales esta la protección de la legalidad y de los derechos de los ciudadanos cuando se someten a la misma, así más aun cuando tratamos a una figura tan delicada como al individuo menor de edad, el cual se constituye como el elemento fundamental en torno al cual orbita esta obra.
Yo, tú, él, ella… Experiencias de aula: la educación literaria promueve la igualdad
Authors: Hernández Quintana Blanca
Published: February 2020

La educación literaria, además del desarrollo de destrezas cognitivas, debe fomentar la capacidad crítica del alumnado para que pueda tomar conciencia, entre otras cuestiones, de la desigualdad existente entre hombres y mujeres. La lectura se convierte en un instrumento idóneo para promover la igualdad de género y erradicar los estereotipos sexistas dentro y fuera de las aulas. A través de la selección de lecturas, la revisión y ampliación del canon literario, las experiencias de aula, que se presentan, pretenden no solo visibilizar la labor y la aportación de las escritoras al mundo de la literatura, sino que también ofrecen lecturas alternativas que promulguen nuevos modelos de identificación, más justos e igualitarios, para ellas y para ellos. Bajo estas reflexiones, desarrollamos una serie de propuestas de intervención didáctica, desde el área de Lengua y Literatura, dirigidas al alumnado universitario que se prepara para ser futuro docente tanto de educación Primaria como de Secundaria.
Self-reported executive function mediates the association between obesity and recent suicidality: A cross sectional web-based survey
Authors: Villalobos-Gallegos Luis , Toledo-Fernández Aldebarán
Published: February 2020

We are analyzing data from previous studies in order to find new theoretical underpinnings in suicide behaviors.
INTEGRASI REMEDIASI MISKONSEPSI DALAM PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA MENGGUNAKAN MODEL POE2WE DENGAN BERBANTUAN TEKNOLOGI PADA MATERI SUHU DAN KALOR.
Authors: Putri Rahma Nurul , Nana
Published: February 2020

The formation of initial knowledge on learning will greatly affect the educational process, especially in understanding students. Students in the process of learning physics are required to have the correct concepts and concepts in order to reduce fatal mistakes in the future. Technology today is also developing very rapidly. If the technology is misused, things will not appear. In order to reduce misconceptions in learning physics, especially in terms of temperature and heat, it is necessary to have appropriate models and methods and the use of technology is also needed so that the process of teaching and learning activities can be adjusted to the times. This journal aims to 1) explain misconceptions among students using the POE2WE model 2) reduce misconceptions that occur in students of temperature and heat material 3) Become a reference for educators in teaching and learning so that misconceptions can be minimized 4) Utilization of technology in the learning process so that the concept of material temperature and heat can be conveyed properly. The method used is the literature study method.
UPAYA PENINGKATAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP KOGNITIF DALAM PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN POE (PREDICT-OBSERVE-EXPLAIN) BERBASIS INKUIRI
Authors: rahmadona nisa siti
Published: February 2020

Tujuan penulisan ini : 1. Untuk memahami konsep kognitif , 2. Penerapan model pembelajaran POE (Predict-Observe-Explain), 3. Menjelaskan model inkuiri. Proses pembelajaran yang terjadi selama ini belum secara optimal mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir siswa. Salah satu model pembelajaran yang melibatkan peran siswa secara aktif dengan tetap memunculkan karakteristik IPA yaitu siswa mampu mengembangkan pengetahuan yang dimilikinya dengan pembuktian secara ilmiah adalah dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran POE (Predict-Obiserve-Explain) yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep kognitif dalam pembelajaran fisika. Model POE memberikan kesempatan bagi siswa untuk menghasilkan pengetahuan konseptual mereka sendiri melalui rekonsiliasi dan negosiasi antara pengetahuan awal dan pengetahuan baru. Dan untuk mengetahui interaksi model pembelajaran terhadap pemahaman konsep fisika.
jurnal upaya peningkatan kualitas belajar fisika tingkat sekolah menengah atas dengan mengaplikasikan model pembelajaran Problem based istruction
Authors: Wahyuni Depi Siti , Nana
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this writing is to describe efforts to improve the quality of physics learning, especially the high school level by applying the Problem Based Instruction learning model. This writing is motivated by less optimal mastery of students on physics material and lack of interest in students to study physics. For this reason, there is a need for efforts to increase student learning motivation in studying physics, in order to be able to improve the quality of its learning outcomes by applying the Problem Based Instruction learning model. In the Problem Based Instruction learning model was developed to help students improve the ability to think, the problem of problems, and intellectual skills, and learn through learning experience in real life. The method used in this writing is with the literature study by reviewing several literature and analysis The results of writing show that the application of the Problem Based Instruction model can be a solution to the problems encountered in the teaching and learning process in the classroom. The problem based instruction model is applied to students in high school with several steps, among others: (1) Learning begins with the submission of material by teacher lectures and questions and answers, (2) The teacher suggests the issue of the material being discussed in everyday life, and students are given individual assignments to solve the problem and design their follow-up, (3) the teacher forms a group, (4) the answer to the assignment was asked to be discussed first with his group friend.
SIGNIFIKANSI PENDIDIKAN MORAL DAN SPIRITUAL KRISTEN
Authors: Tembay Aris Elisa
Published: February 2020

Tembay Aris Elisa. Signifikansi pendidikan moral dan spiritual kristenbagi anakremaja usia 12-17 tahun sebagai upaya pencegahan kasus pelecehan seksual. Proses perkembangan masa remaja dalam menemukan jati dirinya sangat bergantung pada beberapa unsur yakni orang tua, gereja, sekolah dan lingkungan sosial. Dalam hal ini orang tua secara khusus memegang peranan penting, dimana Allah sendiri yang telah memberi tanggung jawab kepada orang tua untuk mengasihi, melindungi, mendidik, dan mendisiplin anak-anak mereka. Orang tua merupakan faktor terpenting dalam pembentukan kepribadian anak remaja.Pendidikan spiritual kristen merupakan kebutuhan yang mendasar, yang harus diterapkan dalam kehidupan anak remaja. Pendidikan ’spiritual’ bersifat kejiwaan (rohani, batin), yang juga dipahami sebagai spirit yakni sumber kekuatan, semangat hidup untuk bertumbuh, dan berkembang dalam semua bidang kehidupan di dunia ini, baik secara pribadi maupun bersama orang lain, yang kita peroleh di dalam perjumpaan dengan Allah, sesama dan diri sendiri.Pendidikan spiritual kristen anak remaja merupakan tugas utama orang tua, sebagaimana Allah sendiri menghendaki kedua orang tua membimbing anak mereka untuk mengenal dan takut akan Allah. Pendidikan spiritual kristen akan membantu anak remaja berpartisipasi dalam imannya, agar mereka menjadi orang Kristen yang dewasa. Kegiatan belajar biasanya sangat individual, dan memberi perhatian besar terhadap pengarahan rohani, membimbing individu memasuki bentuk kedewasaan yang lebih kompleks.
DASAR ALKITABIAH DALAM MENGAJAR ANAK
Authors: Pattinama Yenny Anita
Published: February 2020

Mengajar berarti memberi pengajaran yang benar sampai menghasilkan perubahan. Untuk menentukan perubahan yang alami kita harus melihat kepada firman Tuhan (standar kita yang tidak pernah salah untuk mempertimbangkan seluruh tujuan dari pengajaran Kristen)“Yesus Kristus, sang guru Agung adalah standar dan teladan bagi guru dan pengajaran Kristen.”
pertobatan sejati menurut kitab Hosea
Authors: Kusradi sri Wahyuni , lase Helmin
Published: February 2020

Wahyuni,Sri, M.Th., Lase, Helmin Kata Kunci: Pertobatan, Hosea.Pada umumnya orang Kristen menganggap bahwa keselamatan dapat diperoleh hanya sekedar menjadi Kristen. Menurut mereka mengalami pertobatan yang sejati tidaklah menjadi sesuatu yang penting sehingga konsep terhadap pertobatan yang benar pun tidak dimiliki. Status sebagai orang Kristen itulah yang paling penting. Tetapi sebenarnya bukan hanya status sebagai Kristen, jika seseorang berbalik kepada Allah disertai dengan ketulusan dan perubahan hati yang mutlak kepada Allah yang hidup maka keselamatan akan diperoleh. Menurut perspektif Alkitab, pertobatan adalah penyerahan yang sejati dari hidup kita kepada Allah, penyerahan yang muncul dari hati yang murni dan tulus akan Dia. Dalam kitab Hosea 5:15-6:1-6 berbicara mengenai konsep pertobatan yang benar dan dikehendaki oleh Tuhan bagi bangsa Israel. Orang yang hidup dalam pertobatan itu adalah orang yang ingin mengaku bersalah dengan penuh kesadaran dan penyesalan, mencari wajah-Nya sampai mereka menemukannya, merindukan Dia dan hidup didalam kasih baik terhadap Tuhan maupun terhadap sesama karena itulah yang dikehendaki oleh-Nya. Serta mereka mampu memelihara pertobatan tersebut dengan komitmen, keterbukaan atas teguran, hidup menurut Firman Tuhan dan melakukan segala sesuatu dengan kasih. Melalui pemahaman ini maka orang percaya akan menyadari bagaimana pertobatan yang sejati harus dialami oleh orang yang sudah mengaku menjadi orang Kristen.
ANALISIS PERTUMBUHAN GEREJA MULA-MULA DALAM KISAH PARA RASUL DAN RELEVANSIANYA BAGI GEREJA MASA KINI
Authors: Siagian Rustam
Published: February 2020

Pembahasan tentang pertumbuhan gereja selalu menjadi perhatian para pemimpin gereja dimana saja. Berbagai teori dipelajari dengan harapan bisa diterapkan di dalam gereja masing-masing agar pertumbuhan bisa tercapai secara maksimal. Tetapi sesungguhnya dasar pertumbuhan gereja sudah disampaikan kepada gereja dalam kitab Kisah Para Rasul, karena itu tulisan ini akan menelusuri prinsip-prinsip pertumbuhan gereja dari kitab Kisah Para Rasul dan dengan harapan prinsip-prinsip itu menjadi masukan bagi gereja masa kini.
Saat Iman dan Akal Berbenturan
Authors: Kaseke Fanny Yapi Markus
Published: February 2020

Now two groups composed of Christian within the Young Earth Creationist and the Old Earth Creationist to understand the evolution issue. For centuries, natural philosophers, their scientific successors, and theologians alike sought to explain the physical and natural world. The now common cultural narrative of perpetual conflict between science and religion simplifies the arguments and struggles of the past and overlooks cross-pollination between those who embraced faith and reason as the keys to understanding earth history. When evolutionists unequivocally dismissed the idea of a creation in the sixth day of universe, nature and human, recognized big bang theory, also Darwin’s Descent of Man and natural selection, many conservative theologians acknowledged that there was more to the past than literally spelled out in Genesis, the opening chapter of the Bible. But some theologists rejected this perspective and chose to see universe as a threat to their faith. In so doing, they abandoned faith in reason and cast off a long-standing theological tradition that rocks don’t lie. The objective of the research was to know objectively the creation of the universe whether directly by order of God or with advocate of evolutionary theory. This article was based upon theological paradigm (Bible) enrich with some literatures of evolution theories.
ESKATOLOGI ''PENGHUKUMAN''
Authors: Veronika Margarita
Published: February 2020

KEDATANGAN TUHAN MENJADI HAKIM YANG ADIL BAGI SETIAP UMAT DI MUKA BUMI . MEMBERI PENGHUKUMAN DAN MENDATANGKAN KELEGAAN BAGI YANG PERCAYA
Geometrical Optics applied to 1D Site Response of Inhomogeneous Soil Deposits
Authors: Garcia-Suarez Joaquin , Asimaki Domniki , Seylabi Elnaz E.
Published: February 2020

The technique referred as Geometrical Optics entails considering the wave propagation in a heterogeneousmedium as if it happened with infinitely small wavelength. This classic simplification allows to obtain useful approximate analytical results in cases where complete description of the waveform behavior is virtually unattainable, hence its wide use in Physics. This approximation is also commonly termed Ray Theory, and it has already been thoroughly applied in Seismology. This text presents an application of Geometrical Optics to 1D Site Response (1DSR): it is used herein to, first, explainand elucidate the generality of some previous observations and results; second, to partially settle an open question in 1DSR, namely “what are the equivalent homogeneous properties that yield the same response, in terms of natural frequencies and resonance amplitude, for a certain inhomogeneous site?”, provided few assumptions.
Keeping a cool head at all times. What determines choice consistency?
Authors: Nitsch Felix Jan , Kalenscher Tobias
Published: February 2020

Many rational choice theories posit that rational decision makers assign subjective values to all available choice options and choose the option with highest subjective value. Choice options are usually composed of multiple attributes, e.g. healthiness and taste in dietary choice or risk and expected returns in financial choice. These attributes have to be integrated into a single subjective value. Subjective value maximizing choice requires choice consistency, i.e. consistent weighing of the choice attributes across choices. However, empirical work suggests that perfect choice consistency is often violated, for example when decision makers weigh choice attributes differently across multiple decisions. Some researchers propose to extend certain bounds of rationality or to abandon the concept of rationality as adherence to consistency principles altogether. A more conservative stance assumes that perfect consistency can be violated by decision makers in practice, but that consistency principles still can explain large parts of behavior. In a review of the recent literature, we identify factors for compromised consistency relative to baseline conditions. Broadly, we distinguish between undynamic trait factors and fluid state factors. We find evidence for an influence of age, education, intelligence, and neurological status. In contrast, choice consistency appears to be relatively robust to the influence of sex, personality traits, cognitive load, sleepiness and blood alcohol levels. We conclude, that, according to the current state of the literature, only fundamental differences in decision makers, that is, trait differences, have a significant impact on choice consistency.
Multilingual Toddlers’ Vocabulary Development in Two Languages: Comparing Bilinguals and Trilinguals
Authors: Côté Stephanie Lynn , Gonzalez-Barrero Ana Maria , Byers-Heinlein Krista
Published: February 2020

Many children grow up hearing multiple languages, learning vocabulary words in each. How does the number of languages being learned affect multilinguals’ vocabulary development? In a pre-registered study, we compared productive vocabularies of bilingual (n =170) and trilingual (n =20) toddlers aged 17–33 months growing up in a bilingual community where both French and English are spoken. We hypothesized that because trilinguals have reduced input in French and English due to time spent hearing their third language, they would have smaller French–English vocabulary sizes than bilinguals. Trilinguals produced on average 2/3 of the number of words in these languages that bilinguals did, however this difference was not statistically robust due to large levels of variability. Follow-up analyses did, however, indicate a relationship between input quantity and vocabulary size. Our results indicate that similar factors contribute to vocabulary development across toddlers regardless of the number of languages being acquired.
A personal financial risk assessment intervention decreases investment fraud susceptibility in older adults
Authors: Martin Matthew , Rae Jayden , Krastev Sekoul , Pilat Dan , Struck Brooke , Montenegro Marielle
Published: February 2020

Older adults are more often the targets and victims of financial fraud, with Americans aged 65and older being 34% more likely to lose money due to fraud than those in their forties. This greater susceptibility to fraudulent offers may be due to a shift from more deliberative thinking to automatic thinking that occurs during normal ageing. This experiment tests an intervention that engages deliberative thinking about risk preferences (aPersonal Risk Assessment) as a means of decreasing susceptibility to an email with tell-tale signs of a fraudulent investment. The intervention was delivered to younger (aged < 60) and older (aged 60+) groups. Compared to age-matched controls, the intervention reduced susceptibility in the older group but not the younger one. This difference between the groups may be due to different underlying risk preferences, with the younger group having more risk tolerance. Prompting older adults to deliberately reflect on their risk-aversive preferences thus appears to counteract the effects of age on susceptibility to fraud. This experiment provides a new means of reducing susceptibility to fraud among older individuals. Future research should examine ways of decreasing susceptibility in younger populations and investigate underlying mechanisms of fraud susceptibility in both age groups.
Comparison of Intelligence Quotient of Schizophrenic Patients with those of Normal Population
Authors: Khatri JB , Goit BK , Subedi A
Published: February 2020

An intelligence deficit in schizophrenia is common and is associated with relapse and occupational impairment. The study aims to examine the intelligence quotient of schizophrenic patients and to compare with those of general population. This was a case control study where 30 adult schizophrenic patients between 15 to 45 years were enrolled from the inpatient and outpatient Psychiatry Department of Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal. For control group, 30 normal subjects were enrolled from the general population matched with case group. The intelligence quotients were assessed by Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. The prevalence of intelligence deficit was 76.7% in the schizophrenic patients. The mean intelligence quotient was 84.80 with standard deviation of 6.53 in patients with schizophrenia. The intelligence quotient was average or above average in all the general populations. The mean intelligence quotient was 110.63 with standard deviation of 8.74 in the general population. The study concluded that the schizophrenic patients performed poorer in intelligence quotient than the general population
Menstrual Hygiene Practice and School Absenteeism among Rural Adolescent girls of Kalikot district
Authors: Ranabhat D , Nepal S , Regmi B.
Published: February 2020

Menstruation is a part of female reproductive cycle that starts when girls become sexually mature at the time of puberty. This study sought to assess the menstrual hygiene practice and school absenteeism among the rural school going adolescent girls. A descriptive cross-sectional study was done among 321 female high school students of 4 selected government schools of Kalikot a rural district of Nepal. It was found that majority of student’s menstrual hygiene practice was poor i.e. 86.9%. Majority of respondents (96 %) used clean cloth during their menstruation cycle, whereas only 4% of respondents used sanitary pad. Almost every adolescent girl i.e. 98.8 % practiced any cultural restriction. Nearly 1 in 4 respondents (22.1%) did not attend school during their last menstruation and more than 1 in 10 adolescent girls felt that their academic performance was degraded after menarche. Adolescent girls of 10-14 age group were three time more likely to have poor practice than those who were between 15-19 years. Adolescent girls from nuclear families are 1.9 times more likely to be absent from school during the menstrual cycle in comparison to girls from joint families. The study revealed that among the adolescent girls of the study area, the overall menstrual hygiene practice was found to be poor and the various beliefs were found to be inappropriate and school absenteeism was also prevalent during menstrual cycle.
Foreign Bodies in Ear, Nose and Throat: An Experience from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central Nepal
Authors: Pokharel Apar
Published: February 2020

Foreign bodies are frequently encountered otorhinolaryngology emergency. The objective of this research paper is to analyze different foreign bodies in terms of type, site, age, and gender distribution and methods of removal. A retrospective study was performed from March, 2018 to March, 2019 in a tertiary care hospital in the central part of Nepal. The information was obtained from hospital record books. A total of 315 patients visited the hospital with a foreign body in either of their ear, nose or throat. It comprised of approximately 12% of all the ENT emergencies in the hospital in the last one year of study. Foreign bodies in ear, nose and throat region were found in all age groups, although it was more prevalent among children of age group less than 10 years.
Clinicoepidemiological Profile of Pityriasis Versicolor in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Shrestha S , Koirala P , Timothy U
Published: February 2020

Pityriasis versicolor (PV) also known as Tinea versicolor is a benign, chronic superficial fungal infection of the skin caused by Malassezia furfur. It is characterized by dyspigmented macules with fine branny scales. The purpose of this study was to assess the epidemiological profile and clinical pattern of PV in a group of patients visiting a tertiary care centre of Nepal. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out including 150 patients diagnosed to have PV at the outpatient dermatology department of Nepal Medical College Teaching Hospital. Patients with the diagnosis of PV were included in the study. A detailed history was taken and it was followed by a thorough clinical examination. The findings of history and clinical examinations were documented in a predesigned proforma. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16 was used to tabulate the data and analyze the results. There was a slight male preponderance with maximum patients of the age group 11 – 20 years. A majority of patients were students. Forty three (28.7%) patients had similar problem in close contacts and 42% had recurrent disease. Wearing of occlusive synthetic clothing was the commonest predisposing factor. Upper chest and upper back were the most involved sites. Hypopigmented macules were the commonest lesions in 72.7%. Coexisting seborrheic dermatitis (commonly pityriasis capitis ) was present in 44.67% of patients. Clinicoepidemiological profile of PV in our setting is similar to many studies done mostly in India. But few findings differ which indicates the need for further studies in Nepal especially from Terai regions where the prevalence is expected to be more.
A Study on Medicine Utilization Pattern in Outpatient Departments of Tertiary Care Centre in Kathmandu
Authors: Thapa R. , Singh S
Published: February 2020

The main objective of this study is to analyze the prescribing pattern of medicine in outpatient departments of tertiary care centre in Kathmandu using World Health Organization (WHO) drug use prescribing indicators. As per WHO consideration, 100 prescriptions were taken from each outpatient departments (OPD) of Nepal medical college including Orthopedics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Surgery, Medicine, Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology, Pediatrics, Dermatology and Psychiatry. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess the statistical significance between means between all departments. Among a total of 900, 47.7% were male and 52.3% were female. Average medicine per prescription was 2.43±0.039. Number of Medicines by generic name 76 (3.4%), antibiotics 416 (19.0%), Injection 34 (1.5%), from Essential Medicine List (EML) 1,312 (60.1%), Fixed Dose Combination (FDC) 468 (21.4%) and the polypharmacy (≥4) was 129 (14.3%). The average cost was NPR 404.72±19.3 (3.69$; 1$=109.41NPR) and duration of treatment was 16.43±0.73 days. Patient’s age had positive correlation with number of medicines (p=0.002) and negative correlation with antibiotics (p=0.988). Cost of treatment had positive correlation with number of medicines (p=0.00), EML (p=0.00), duration of treatment (p=0.00) and antibiotics (p=0.33). Average medicines, from EML, and antibiotic use were high in Otorhinolaryngology with statistical significance of difference between mean. Prescription with FDC and intravenous were significantly high in Obstetrics and Gynecology. Cost and treatment duration were significantly high in Psychiatry. Tertiary healthcares need to develop and implement specific guidelines for prescriptions writing and also should develop a system to record them.
Reconnecting the Housing Market to the Labour Market: Foreign Ownership and Housing Affordability in Urban Canada
Authors: Gordon Joshua C.
Published: February 2020

Toronto and Vancouver have been struggling with intense housing affordability problems in recent years. This article looks at one important factor in these affordability challenges: foreign ownership. Foreign ownership helps decouple the housing market from the labour market, pushing market prices for prized forms of housing beyond what local incomes can afford. The author investigates the role played by foreign ownership in the recent housing crises in Toronto and Vancouver before presenting a few possible policy approaches to address this dynamic. He concludes that some means of continuously taxing foreign ownership at a steep rate is needed in core urban regions of the country. Foreign buyer taxes and the Speculation and Vacancy Tax in British Columbia are evaluated in that context.
Cost Savings of Housing First in a Non-Experimental Setting
Authors: Jadidzadeh Ali , Falvo Nick , Dutton Daniel J.
Published: February 2020

We investigate the impact of supportive housing (Housing First, or HF) programs on public service utilization of people experiencing homelessness in Calgary, Alberta. We use data on clients between 2012 and 2016, and, using a pre–post design, we assess the interaction of each client with the health and justice systems. We estimate the savings for $1 spent on HF to be between $1.17 and $2.84. There are potential estimation biases, but our estimates are broadly consistent with evidence from randomized controlled trials. Our somewhat higher estimated returns may be attributed to the practice of program delivery and effectiveness of the triage system.
Want to Improve Math Scores? An Empirical Assessment of Recent Policy Interventions in Canada
Authors: Mou Haizhen , Atkinson Michael M.
Published: February 2020

The Canadian provinces have implemented various strategies aimed at improving kindergarten through 12th-grade mathematics performance. There is no clear evidence which, if any, of these strategies improve achievement scores. We apply hierarchical linear modelling to the 2012 Program for International Student Assessment data to isolate the effects of policy interventions. We find that efforts to improve learning conditions can be worthwhile, but their effects are not as substantial as a school’s socio-economic status composition, which elevates or depresses the academic achievements of all students. As barriers to school choice come down, ambitious parents will resort to active school choice, a strategy that may reduce social equity.
First Experimental Study in Turkey Teaches Veterinary Students How to Break Bad News
Authors: Ünsal Adaca Aytaç , Başağaç Gül R. Tamay
Published: February 2020

The importance of communication skills in veterinary medicine has been increasing for a long time. The aim of this article is to investigate how theoretical training, role-playing, and standardized/simulated client (SC) methods improve senior (fifth-year) veterinary students’ skills in breaking bad news. The study was carried out with 67 volunteer senior students. The research was designed from a pre-test and post-test control group pattern. All students encountered the SC. After pre-tests, theoretical training was given to Experimental Group A (EGA) and Experimental Group B (EGB). Then, only the students in EGA role-played together. Each student completed a checklist consisting of 10 basic items after pre-tests and post-tests. After post-tests, focus group interviews with open-ended questions were conducted. In the pairwise comparisons, EGA’s and EGB’s adjusted post-test mean scores were significantly higher than the control group’s ( p < .001). EGA’s and EGB’s post-test scores were found to be significantly higher than their pre-test scores. Women’s empathy and eye contact scores were found to be statistically higher than men’s scores. This study is the first of its kind in Turkey to use SCs and peer-to-peer learning with role-play simulations in training students about breaking bad news in veterinary medicine. These findings show that theoretical training and role-playing has an impact on senior veterinary students’ skills in breaking bad news.
STATE AS THE MAIN INSTITUTIONAL AND STRATEGIC SUBJECT OF ELABORATION AND IMPLEMENTATIONOF THE INNOVATIVE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: VDOVICHENKO A.M. , KALINCHAK O.V. , KUZNETSOVA M.A.
Published: February 2020

Topicality. The effect of modern globalization processes leading to escalating competition make it actual and necessary to learn historical studies of implementing reforms worldwide and the role of the state in the process of institutional transformation provided by highly developed countries of the world. Therefore, the present day the key issue of Ukraine resolving which has the theoretical and practical importance is the issue of the institutional modernization with defining the role and placing of the state on course of implementing and supporting the innovative and sustainable development.

Aim and tasks: to prove, on the basis of learning the historical studies of implementing reforms worldwide and the role of the state in the process of institutional transformation, that at the present stage of human development it is the state that is in a role of the main institutional strategic subject of the innovative and sustainable development strategy that has the practical importance for defining the direction of the further social and economic transformation in Ukraine.
Research results. The article is focused on that the market system in its classical form is past the point of the historical development. Gradually, in view of objective reasons, the placing and functions of the state have been changing in the direction of consolidation of its role, direct dealing with resolving fateful issues. Nowadays in successful and developed countries it is the main institutional and strategic subject of mixed economic system, one of its organization components. The overview of historical experience of the reform implement in countries that have achieved substantial gains proves that these gains are connected with the institutional reformations with the state being in the heart of them. On the other hand, dogmatical proclamation of private property privileges under any circumstances and at the same time the removal of the state from resolving fateful issues, the glamorization of the market of Ukraine and as a result � system error while choosing and implementing the model of economic development, have led to the formation of oligarchic capitalism with the objective traits peculiar to it. Therefore, the present day the issue must be not the reforms modernization and intensification but the change of their rates, the economy management philosophy in general.

Conclusion. The research that had been made gave an opportunity to substantiate the attitude of the authors being that without the complex system support of the real sector of economy with the focus on innovation, without consolidation of state property and its institutes including those on the backs of reprivatizing the strategically important enterprises as the fundamental principle of the future economy of Ukraine the fateful issues would be impossible to resolve.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN PEMAHAMAN MATEMATIS SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL PERBANDINGAN DI KELAS VII SMP
Authors: Susiaty Utin Desy , Haryadi Rahman
Published: February 2020

Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan pemahaman matematis siswa pada soal perbandingan di kelas VII SMP. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian adalah 3 siswa kelas VII A SMP Koperasi Pontianak dengan kategori siswa rendah, sedang dan tinggi. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah soal kemampuan pemahaman matematis dan pedoman wawancara. Setelah pengumpulan data, peneliti menganalisis hasil pengerjaan soal kemampuan pemahaman matematis dan hasil wawancara untuk melihat kemampuan pemahaman matematis siswa. Berdasarkan analisis data dapat disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan pemahaman matematis siswa kelas VII SMP Koperasi Pontianak masih rendah yang ditunjukkan dengan terdapatnya banyak kekeliruan penyelesaian soal kemampuan pemahaman matematis khususnya pada indicator mendefinisikan konsep secara tulisan, merepresentasikan suatu konsep dalam bentuk model, diagram, dan symbol, mengidentifikasikan contoh dan bukan contoh suatu perbandingan serta mengubah suatu bentuk representasi ke bentuk lainnya.
Дмитрий Петров Упоминание о мясе и мясо-молочных продуктах в берестяных грамотах
Authors: ПЕТРОВ Дмитрий Аркадьевич
Published: February 2020

The article deals with cases mentions of the meat, cheese and butter in the birch bark. Meat is most often mentioned when feudal rent in the form of dried or smoked half of pig meat (“polt”). The issue of the use of horse meat, hare meat and black grouse in eating in the XI-XII century (despite the ecclesiastical prohibition of this) is considered. The issue of the earliest references in the history of Russian cuisine to smoked sausage and smoked bacon is considered.
Programación fetal metabólica en la salud mental
Authors: García-Rizo Clemente
Published: February 2020

El concepto de programación fetal metabólica, entendido como toda una serie de modificaciones epigenéticas que sufre el feto durante su periodo intrauterino en respuesta a los estímulos recibidos de la madre orientado a asegurar su supervivencia (1), tiene una importancia añadida en la salud mental infanto-juvenil. Actualmente se considera que los trastornos mentales severos (TMS), esquizofrenia, trastorno bipolar y trastorno depresivo mayor entre otros, tiene su origen en una combinación gen-ambiente, siendo las complicaciones obstétricas un factor ambiental bien replicado en diferentes estudios (2). La presencia de complicaciones obstétricas en estos pacientes se ha asociado a una edad de inicio más precoz del TMS (3), por ende, una mayor incidencia en la etapa infanto-juvenil.