bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ECOLOGY OF TRANSLATION OF ENGLISH MODAL VERBS
Authors: Zeniakin Oleksii , Kozlov Yevhen
Published: March 2023

In the context of globalization, a substantial increase in public attention to the processes occurring in the environment caused by the climate crisis and global warming, the so-called ‘green agenda’ is gaining significant importance. Undoubtedly, human language plays one of the most important roles in all aspects of life. Therefore, even more important are the consequences of the ‘cognitive revolution’ of the mid-late twentieth century which made it possible to combine such different, but, as it has turned out, significantly related elements of humanitarian knowledge as ecology and linguistics. As a result, an interesting blend was formed, which is now known both in the national and foreign scientific space, under the umbrella term ‘ecolinguistics’. The importance and relevance of ecolinguistic research is supported by a significant number of articles, dissertations, and research projects currently being developed in Ukraine and beyond. One of such projects is the study of translation ecology which is singled out by some scholars as a new independent branch of modern translation studies. This article is devoted to the issue of translation ecology where the object matter of research is modern English scientific and technical discourse, its subject matter being the peculiarities of the translation of English modal verbs and constructions into Ukrainian.

In the course of the research, we have found that the ecology of translation is, of course, a branch of ecolinguistics – a modern linguistic discipline the development of which is being studied by specialists in Ukraine and abroad, and the main topic of eco-translation studies is the analysis of the correctness and adequacy of the content transfer of the source text into the target language. Based on the analysis of the illustrative material selected from the corpus of English texts on scientific and technical topics, it has been found that when translating English modal constructions it is necessary to take into account the significant differences between the semantic-conotative systems of the English and Ukrainian languages which can be explained by their typology where the former is an example of an analytical language system, and the latter – synthetic.
Распространение вариантов вируса SARS-COV-2, вызывающих озабоченность (VOC) и субвариантов Omicron, находящихся под мониторингом, на основе количества их геномов, депонированных в базу данных GISAID за неделю с 25.02.2023 г. по 03.03.2023 г.
Authors: Дмитриева Людмила , Краснов Ярослав , Чумачкова Елена , Осина Наталья , Зимирова Анастасия , Иванова Александра , Карнаухов Игорь , Караваева Татьяна , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: March 2023

В обзоре представлена информация по циркулирующим в настоящее время вариантам вируса SARS-COV-2 вызывающих озабоченность (VOC) и субвариантов Omicron, находящихся под мониторингом, геномные последовательности которых размещены в международной базе данных GISAID за неделю с 25 февраля по 3 марта 2023 г.
Nanoscale reshaping of resonant dielectric microstructures by light-driven explosions
Authors: Shcherbakov Maxim , Sartorello Giovanni , Zhang Simin , Tripepi Michael , Talisa Noah , AlShafey Abdallah , Smith Joseph , Chowdhury Enam , Shvets Gennady
Published: March 2023

Femtosecond-laser-assisted material restructuring employs extreme optical intensities to localize the ablation regions. To overcome the minimum feature size limit set by the wave nature of photons, there is a need for new approaches to tailored material processing at the nanoscale. Here, we report the formation of deeply-subwavelength features in silicon, enabled by localized laser-induced phase explosions in pre-fabricated silicon resonators. Using short trains of mid-infrared laser pulses, we demonstrate the controllable formation of high aspect ratio (>10:1) nanotrenches as narrow as ∼λ/80. The trench geometry is shown to be controlled by multiple parameters of the laser pulse train, such as the intensity and polarization of each laser pulse and their total number. Particle-in-cell simulations reveal localized heating of silicon beyond its boiling point and suggest its subsequent phase explosion on the nanoscale commensurate with the experimental data. The observed femtosecond-laser assisted nanostructuring of engineered microstructures (FLANEM) expands the nanofabrication toolbox and opens exciting opportunities for high-throughput optical methods of nanoscale structuring of solid materials.
Lanthanide molecular nanomagnets as probabilistic bits
Authors: Gutiérrez-Finol Gérliz , Giménez-Santamarina Silvia , Hu Ziqi , Rosaleny Lorena , Cardona Salvador , Gaita-Ariño Alejandro
Published: March 2023

Over the decades, the spin dynamics of a large set of lanthanide complexes have been explored. Lanthanide-based molecular nanomagnets are bistable spin systems, generally conceptualized as classical bits, but many lanthanide complexes have also been presented as candidate quantum bits (qubits). Here we offer a third alternative and model them as probabilistic bits (p-bits), where their stochastic behavior constitutes a computational resource instead of a limitation. We present a modelling tool for molecular spin p-bits, we demonstrate its capability to simulate bulk magnetic relaxation data and ac experiments and to simulate a minimal p-bit network under realistic conditions. Finally, we go back to a recent systematic data gathering and screen the best lanthanide complexes for p-bit behavior, lay out the performance of the different lanthanide ions and chemical families and offer some chemical design considerations.
Comparison of citrate dialysate in pre- and post-dilution online hemodiafiltration: Effect on clot formation and adequacy of dialysis in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Nakornchai Pasu , Jitraree Arisada , Homjan Monpinya Charttong , Laykhram Thanachit , Trakarnvanich Thananda
Published: March 2023

Background
Citrate dialysate (CD) has been used successfully in conventional hemodialysis and continuous renal replacement therapy but has never been compared between pre- and post-dilution online hemodiafiltration (oL-HDF). Therefore, we investigated the efficacy, metabolic changes, and quality of life of citrate anticoagulation for oL-HDF in the maintenance of hemodialysis patients in both modes.
Method
Eight dialysis patients were treated with CD for 4 weeks in each phase. The visual clotting scores were investigated as the primary endpoints. The adequacy of dialysis, laboratory parameters, and quality of life were measured as secondary objectives.
Results
The mean clotting scores in the pre-dilution mode were significantly lower than in the post-dilution and all phases except in the heparin-free phase (P < 0.001 in baseline phase, P = 0.001 in phase 1, and P = 0.023 in phase 2). The quality of life related to physical in the post-dilution mode was significantly higher than in the pre-dilution mode in baseline and phase 1 (P = 0.014 and 0.004 at baseline and phase 1, respectively).The metabolic changes were not different in both modes.
Conclusion
Citrate dialysate allows decrease or discontinuation of anticoagulation in both the pre- and post-dilution mode of oL-HDF without significant side effects.
Real-time Processing System and Internet of Things Application in the Cultural Tourism Industry Development
Authors: Kong Yingli
Published: March 2023

The introduction of the Internet of Things and other information technologies provides new methods for tourism information innovation. The development of computer technology has changed the traditional tourism mode and made the information-based tourism industry develop. With the improvement and development of embedded systems, embedded systems will develop in the direction of networking, intelligence, standardization and integration. In the process of innovation, the tourism system needs innovation support, support and protection, guidance, and response mechanisms. The innovation of tourism system mainly relies on market demand and supply as its most important part, in which market demand is the main driving force for formation. The operation of the system is supported by the tourism support and protection subsystem, with the innovative technology subsystem as the most important content. Based on the traditional theory of tourism industry, this paper sorted out and analyzed the related needs of tourism industry, and combined with the computer industry, according to the embedded real-time network system and the convenience of the Internet of things industry, on the relevant technology platform to establish a modern tourism industry development system. By using the powerful advantages of computer technology, this paper from the perspective of destination selection, management optimization, industrial development, consumption upgrading, service diversification and other aspects, to promote the development of modern cultural tourism industry.
Associations between vitamin D and antimicrobial peptide LL-37 in children with respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia
Authors: He Yixiu , Zhao Shaojie , Pan Menglan , Chen Bingzhang , Zhang Yufeng , Zhu Yafei
Published: March 2023

Objective
We investigated the effects of serum vitamin D and antimicrobial peptide LL-37 levels on the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) pneumonia in children.
Methods
From January 2021 to December 2021, 81 children with RSV pneumonia (case group) were divided into severe group (n = 29) and normal group (n = 52) according to the 2019 edition of the expert consensus on childhood pneumonia, while 45 health clinic checkup children were selected as controls. Serum 25-(OH)D levels were measured by electrochemiluminescence and serum LL-37 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Levels and correlations between groups were then statistically analyzed.
Results
25-(OH)D levels in the case group (91.25 ± 24.80 nmol/L) were significantly lower than in the healthy controls (104.91 ± 22.23 nmol/L, P < 0.01). LL-37 levels in the case group (323.81 ± 91.51 pg/mL) were higher than levels in the healthy controls (260.85 ± 38.48 pg/mL, P < 0.001). We identified a correlation between 25-(OH)D and LL-37 levels in the case group (r = 0.231, P = 0.04). We observed no significant differences in 25-(OH)D and LL-37 levels between affected children in winter and spring periods, and affected children in summer and autumn periods (P > 0.05). When common group compared with the severe group of RSV pneumonia, there were significant differences in LL-37 levels (t = -3.611, P = 0.001), white blood cell (WBC) ≥ 10×109/L (χ2 = 7.89, P < 0.01) and C-reaction protein (CRP) < 10 mg/L (χ2 = 4.71, P = 0.03) and there was no significant difference in the 25-(OH)D levels (t = -1.08, P > 0.05). Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses showed that the optimal critical serum LL-37 value was 384.24 pg/mL, and corresponding specificity and sensitivity values were 90.4% and 58.6%, respectively. Severe RSV pneumonia risk of LL-37 ≥ 384.24 pg/mL was significantly higher than that of the LL-37 < 384.24 pg/mL group (χ2 = 22.60, P < 0.001). Using multivariate logistic regression analysis, serum LL-37 ≥ 384.24 pg/mL (odds ratio (OR) = 17.127, P < 0.001), WBC ≥ 10×109/L (OR = 7.399, P < 0.01), and CRP < 10 mg/L (OR = 12.393, P = 0.02) may be risk factors for severe RSV pneumonia in children.
Conclusions
25-(OH)D and LL-37 levels are involved in RSV pneumonia, with little seasonal correlations. High LL-37, WBC ≥ 10×109/L, and CRP < 10 mg/L levels are probably related to disease severity and may be used for disease evaluation.
A Case Series of Acute Symptomatic Hyponatremia due to SIADH in mild COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Devaraja Vanusha , Foo Siew Hui , Muniandy Jothinathan
Published: March 2023

Syndrome of Inappropriate anti diuretic hormone (SIADH) is one of the commonest cause of hyponatremia among medical inpatients. Over recent years, the evolution of SARS-COV-2 infection has led to atypical presentations of acute symptomatic hyponatremia secondary to isolated SIADH exclusive of pneumonia. We report an unusual case series of acute symptomatic hyponatremia secondary to SIADH in Category 2 COVID-19 infection. In our case series, all the patients presented with symptoms of acute severe hyponatremia and were incidentally screened positive for the SARS-COV-2 virus without respiratory tract symptoms and normal chest imaging. They were fully vaccinated and boosted at least three months before the presentation. Clinical and biochemical workups confirmed SIADH in all three patients. They were treated with hypertonic saline initially, followed by fluid restriction as per recommendations. It was postulated that the most likely mechanism responsible for the inappropriate ADH secretion is mediated by the increased inflammatory cytokines, especially interleukin-6 and the direct effect of the SARS-COV2 infection. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, atypical presentations of acute symptomatic hyponatremia without an apparent cause could be an isolated manifestation of SARS-COV-2 infection. Awareness of this condition is essential for the early institution of the treatment protocol for this reversible and life-threatening disorder
Flood insurance systems drive population growth in floodplains
Authors: Tesselaar Max , Botzen W.J. Wouter , Tiggeloven Timothy , Aerts Jeroen
Published: March 2023

A substantial literature about future flood risk assessment focuses on changing hazard conditions as a result of climate change, where flood exposure is assumed to remain static or develop according to exogenous scenarios. This study presents an innovative method to project future flood risk by simulating population growth in floodplains, where settlement location decisions of households endogenously depend on environmental and institutional factors, including amenities associated with river proximity, flood risk, and insurance against this risk. Our results show that population growth in floodplains, and consequently rising flood risk, are considerably higher when the disamenity caused by flood risk is offset by insurance. This outcome is particularly evident in countries where flood risk is covered collectively, and notably less where premiums reflect the risk of individual households.
Construction of a strawberry breeding core collection to capture and exploit genetic variation
Authors: Koorevaar Tim , Willemsen Johan H , Visser Richard GF , Arens Paul , Maliepaard Chris
Published: March 2023

Genetic diversity is crucial for the success of plant breeding programs and core collections that capture this diversity are an important resource to exploit this. In this study, we present a method for constructing a core collection that integrates both genomic and pedigree information to capture maximum genetic variation in a minimum subset of genotypes within a strawberry breeding program, while also being future proof. Our stepwise approach starts with selecting the most important crossing parents of advanced selections and genotypes included for specific traits, to represent also future genetic variation. We then use pedigree-genomic-based relationship coefficients combined with the ‘accession to nearest entry’ criterion to complement the core collection and maximize its representativeness of the current breeding program. Combined pedigree-genomic-based relationship coefficients allow for accurate relationship estimation without the need to genotype every individual in the breeding program. The resulting core collection can for example be used to develop a haplotype reference panel for imputation-based genotyping methods.
Assessing the Impact of Nutrition Education on Antenatal Nutrition Knowledge of Women in Lebanon: an Interventional Study
Authors: Chehade Christina Al Hajj , Yeretzian Joumana Estephan , Dano Dominique
Published: March 2023

Background
Nutrition education during pregnancy has significant impact on improving knowledge and dietary habits of pregnant women, which in turn leads to enhanced postpartum maternal and birth outcomes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of antenatal nutrition education on the knowledge of women of childbearing age in Lebanon.
Method
A quantitative quasi-experimental study design was adopted. Online antenatal nutrition education sessions were provided to a group of women of childbearing age. The online session was ninety minutes long and covered antenatal weight gain and its composition, nutrition in the preconception and the antenatal periods, food safety, and nutrition intervention for nutrition related pregnancy complications. Participants’ antenatal nutrition knowledge was assessed before and directly after the session through an online self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to analyze the results, using SPSS 28®.
Results
A total of 5 virtual sessions on antenatal nutrition were given by a licensed dietitian and attended by 91 participants. Fifty nine percent of participants had previously received antenatal nutrition information, of which 27.5% were obtained from dietitians and 22% were obtained from the internet. Mean scores for pretest and posttest were 27 ± 6.5 and 37 ± 4.1 respectively, and their difference was statistically significant (t=-31.6; P < 0.001). In the pretest, the lowest score was 6 and the maximum score was 39 ± 6.5. However, the lowest score in the posttest was 21 and the highest was 41 ± 4.1. The statement related to the recommended amount of caffeine consumption among pregnant women received the lowest percentage of correct answers (3%). However, in the posttest, this number improved and increased to 85% correct answers. On the other hand, 99% of answers were correct regarding nutrition affecting pregnancy outcomes, making it the highest percentage of correct answers at pretest.
Conclusion
Antenatal nutrition education may improve knowledge and practice of women during pregnancy. Thus, attention should be directed towards promoting nutrition education of women of childbearing age.
Predictive Factors for Early Neurological Deterioration after intravenous thrombolysis of Single Small Subcortical Infarction in the Territory of the Middle Cerebral Artery
Authors: Zhao Meng , Zhong Xuemin , Du Jiaxiu , He Lanying , Wang Jian
Published: March 2023

Background
Patients with single subcortical infarction (SSI) in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) will often suffer from early neurological deterioration (END) despite receiving intravenous thrombolytic therapy (IVT). In this study, the predictors for END were studied in patients with single subcortical infarction in the MCA after IVT.
Methods
Patients with SSIs in the territory of the middle cerebral artery with IVT between June 2020 and June 2022 were included in this study. END was defined as an ≥ 2 increase in the total National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score or ≥ 1 in the motor NIHSS score within the first 72 hours of admission. In addition to the analysis of the predictors of END in SSI patients who received IVT in the territory of MCA, proximal and distal SSI patients were also analyzed.
Results
A total of 174 patients with SSI in the territory of the MCA who received IVT were evaluated. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, the presence of pSSI (odds ratio, 5.98;95% CI, 2.13–16.78; P = 0.001), lower TT (odds ratio, 0.694; 95% CI, 0.511 ~ 0.943; P = 0.019), and higher red blood cells (odds ratio,2.047; 95% CI, 1.120 ~ 3.741; P = 0.020) were positively associated with END in patients with proximal SSI (pSSI). In patients with pSSI, there was a positive correlation between AST and blood sugar. Meanwhile, no variable related to END was found in the distal SSI (dSSI) group.
Conclusions
The presence of pSSI, lower TT, and higher red blood cells are associated with END in patients with SSI in the territory of the MCA who received IVT. The frequency and predictors of SSI in the territory of the MCA were different between proximal and distal SSI.
An unified approach for the calculation of different sample-based measures with single sampling method
Authors: Leszczyński Maciej , Perlikowski Przemyslaw , Brzeski Piotr
Published: March 2023

This paper investigates two sample-based methods for analysing multistable systems, i.e., basin stability and basin entropy. Both methods are based on the large number of numerical integration trials obtained for a large set of different initial conditions. The obtained data is classified and used to determine measures that describe the stability of solutions, the structure of the phase space and the predictability of system dynamics. The basin stability reflects the overall probability of reaching given solutions, and the basin entropy measure was proposed to reflect the structure of basins of attraction and the complexity of their boundaries. While these two measures complement one another finely, the procedures originally proposed to obtain them differ significantly. The paper proposes a universal approach and algorithm to obtain the value of basin stability and basin entropy measures. The applicability of the proposed procedures is presented for two nonlinear systems.
An Intelligent Cloud Robotics Personalized Medicine System by Assessment of DNA and Electronic Health Records Using Fuzzy Based Progressive Alignment Sequence (F-PAS)
Authors: Jayanthi Appawala , Reddy B Eswara
Published: March 2023

Treatment and prevention in the standard approach are focused on statistical averages rather than the unique needs of each individual. The one-size-fits-all strategy is one of the conventional classification methods for treating and preventing people. Potentially replacing conventional trial-and-error therapy, personalized medicine could provide patient care with the best medications and the highest levels of safety. This strategy allows physicians to prognosticate the disease with high precision and suggest therapy and prevention approaches based on the patient’s health, personal information, and related groups. With the growth of artificial intelligence, several humanistic intelligent methods are intended to give services with better quality, like intelligent healthcare, emotional communication, and innovative systems. Cognitive cloud computing is the essential technology to drive above intelligent robotic system. In this paper, we introduced a framework to analyze the patient’s body nature using his DNA and Electronic Health Records (EHRs) and suggested the right drug at the right time with the proper dosage. Here, Cognitive computing plays a vital role in analyzing the DNA sequence and EHRs with a huge heterogeneous database. It enables the patient to receive earlier diagnoses, risk assessments, and optimal treatments, improving health care at a low cost. The F-PAS (fuzzy based progressive alignment sequence approach) is proposed for effective assessment of DNA and EHRs. The proposed system reduces the cost of computing for comparing all of the patients in the database by around 60%. The outcomes of the experiments demonstrate that the proposed framework minimizes computational costs and aids physicians in recommending the appropriate medication at the appropriate time and dosage.
The tannic acid-iron dynamic redox self-catalytic system mediated way to simple and rapidly fabricate a multifunctionally conductive hydrogel for wearable strain sensors
Authors: Miao Gan , Li Fangchao , Miao Xiao , Hou Zhiqiang , Xu Lide , Xu Ting , Ren Guina , Yang Xiaoyang , Zhu Xiaotao
Published: March 2023

Conductive hydrogels have gained increasing attention in the field of wearable smart devices. However, it remains a big challenge to develop multifunctionally conductive hydrogel in a rapid and facile way. Herein, a conductive tannic acid-iron/poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel was synthesized within 30 s at ambient temperature by the tannic acid-iron (TA@Fe3+) mediated dynamic catalytic system. The TA@Fe3+ dynamic redox autocatalytic pair could efficiently activate the ammonium persulfate to initiate the free-radical polymerization, allowing the gelation to occur easily and rapidly. The resulting hydrogel exhibited enhanced stretchability (300%), conductivity (33.58 S/m), and strain sensitivity (gauge factor = 2.11). When damaged, it could be self-healed through the dynamic and reversible coordination bonds between the Fe3+ and COO- groups in the hydrogel network. Interestingly, the resulting hydrogel could act as a strain sensor to monitor various human motions including the huge movement of deformations (knuckle, wrist) and subtle motions (smiling, breathing) in real-time, due to its enhanced self-adhesion, good conductivity, and improved strain sensitivity. Also, the obtained hydrogel exhibited efficient electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance with an EMI shielding effectiveness value of 24.5 dB in the X-band (8.2-12.4 GHz). Additionally, it displayed antibacterial properties, with the help of the activity of TA.
CENPA facilitates hepatocellular carcinoma proliferation by cooperating with YY1 to drive transcription of CCND1 and NRP2.
Authors: Liao Jingyu , Chen Zeyu , Chang Ruizhi , Yuan Tong , Li Ganxun , Zhu Chang , Wen Jingyuan , Wei Yi , Huang Zhao , Ding Zeyang , Liang Junnan , Chu Liang , Zhang Bixiang
Published: March 2023

Background
The centromere proteins (CENPs) are the key regulators in mitosis-related protein complexes and involved in kinetochore assembly and chromosome segregation during mitosis, yet they remain largely unexplored in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Methods
In our study, we analyzed the potential role of CENPs family numbers by bioinformatic analysis. We detected the expression level of Centromere protein A (CENPA) in HCC tissues and cells by qRT-PCR, IHC and western blotting. Furthermore, CCK-8, colony formation, EdU and flow cytometry assays were used to evaluated the potential function of CENPA in HCC cells. Subcutaneous and orthotopically mouse model were used to explored the oncogenic role of CENPA. Besides, we demonstrated the interaction between CENPA and YY1 by silver staining and co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) assays. Dual luciferase reporter and ChIP-sequencing (ChIP-seq) assays were used to identify the potential binding sites of CENPA and YY1 on CCND1 and NRP2 promoter regions.
Results
In this study, CENPA was identified significantly up-regulated in HCC, and the CENPA overexpression was linked to the poor prognosis of HCC patients. CENPA knockdown inhibited the HCC cell proliferation and tumor growth. Mechanistically, CENPA activated YY1 transcription and cooperatively interacted with YY1 to bind at cyclin D1 (CCND1) and neuropilin 2 (NRP2) promoter regions for transcriptional activation. Moreover, we identified a lactylation modification site (K124) of CENPA, which is essential for CENPA to activate its target genes transcriptionally.
Conclusions
These findings indicate the synergistic mechanism between CENPA and YY1 that promotes CCND1 and NRP2 expression, which leads to HCC progression.
A numerical framework for linear stability analysis of two-phase stratified pipe flows
Authors: Barmak Ilya , Gelfgat Alexander , Brauner Neima
Published: March 2023

A numerical framework for rigorous linear stability analysis of two-phase stratified flows of two immiscible fluids in horizontal circular pipes is presented. For the first time, three-dimensional disturbances, including those at the interface between two fluids, are considered. The proposed numerical framework is based on a finite-volume method and allows solving the problem numerically in bipolar cylindrical coordinates. In these coordinates, both the pipe wall and the unperturbed interface (of a constant curvature, e.g., plane interface, as considered in this work) coincide with the coordinate surfaces. Thereby, the no-slip as well as the interfacial boundary conditions can be imposed easily. It also enables investigation of the local behavior of the flow field and shear stresses in the vicinity of the triple points, where the interface contacts the pipe wall. The results obtained in the bipolar coordinates are verified by an independent numerical solution based on the problem formulation in Cartesian coordinates, where the pipe wall is treated by the immersed boundary method. Two representative examples of gas-liquid and liquid-liquid flows are included to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed numerical technique for analyzing the flow stability.
Shotgun metagenomics reveals interkingdom association between intestinal bacteria and fungi involving competition for nutrients
Authors: Xie Zixuan , Canalda-Baltrons Aleix , d'Enfert Christophe , Manichanh Chaysavanh
Published: March 2023

Background: The accuracy of internal-transcribed-spacer (ITS) and shotgun metagenomics has not been robustly evaluated, and the effect of diet on the composition and function of the bacterial and fungal gut microbiome in a longitudinal setting has been poorly investigated. Here we compared two approaches to study the fungal community (ITS and shotgun metagenomics), proposed an enrichment protocol to perform a reliable mycobiome analysis using a comprehensive in-house fungal database, and correlated dietary data with both bacterial and fungal communities.
Results: We found that shotgun DNA sequencing after a new enrichment protocol combined with the most comprehensive and novel fungal databases provided a cost-effective approach to perform gut mycobiome profiling at the species level and to integrate bacterial and fungal community analyses in fecal samples. The mycobiome was significantly more dynamic than the bacterial community at the compositional and functional levels. Notably, we showed that microbial diversity, composition, and functions were associated with habitual diet composition instead of driven by global dietary changes. Our study highlights a competitive inter-kingdom interaction between bacteria and fungi for food foraging.
Conclusion: Together, our present work proposes an efficient workflow to study the human gut microbiome integrating robustly fungal, bacterial, and dietary data. These findings will further advance our knowledge of the interaction between gut bacteria and fungi and pave the way for future investigations in human mycobiome.
The Effect of the Use of a Walker in Infancy on the Musculoskeletal System and the Level of Physical Activity
Authors: Gokcek Ozden , Tugral Yagmur , Denız Mıne Argalı , Huzmelı Esra Doğru , Ozkeskin Mehmet , Baser Mıray , Hurrıyetoglu Arzu , Yıldırım Baran , El Cigdem
Published: March 2023

Background
The study aimed to compare the lower extremity muscle strength, postural disorders, and physical activity levels of children who used and did not use a walker during infancy.
Method
The study included 39 children between the ages of 8 and 15. The demographic information of the children, their motor development stages and walker use situations, the age at which they started to use it, and the duration of use was questioned. The New York Posture Analysis Questionnaire and the Physical Activity Assessment Questionnaire Scale (PAQ-C) were given to the children. Muscle strength was measured with a digital muscle strength meter.
Results
For the left hip abductor, right hip adductor, right foot plantar flexor, both lower extremity dorsiflexor muscles, and PAQ-C weekend item parameters, a statistically significant difference was found between the two groups (p˂0.05).
Conclusion
We believe that future age periods should be followed up to examine the effect of the use of walkers in children in the developmental period, and the predicted possible effects may yield findings, especially at later ages. The lack of statistical differences in posture and muscle strength necessitated the association of childhood with adulthood.
FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF KINOPOETICS IN THE FICTION DISCOURSE OF VLADIMIR NABOKOV
Authors: Palamar Olga Palamar Olga
Published: March 2023

The article considers the manifestation of cinematography in V. Nabokov's fiction discourse. The analysis of the peculiarities of the origin and functioning of cinematography in the fiction discourse of V. Nabokov is important for understanding the place and role of cinema in the author's novel work and, in particular, for understanding some semantic, ideological and plot aspects. The analysis is based on the analysis of the author's English-language novels: «Laughter in the Dark», «Lolita», «Pale Fire» and «The Original of Laura». The article also aims to continue the research of cinema poetics in the novel work of V. Nabokov in general. The article examines the influence of cinematography on the life and work of the writer V. Nabokov. We update the essential role of cinematography in the Berlin period of the writer's work. We trace the implementation of cinematography through the author's dramaturgical work. In English-language novels, we note cinematic elements and trace their place and meaning. We turn to the script of the film adaptation of «Lolita» and the writer's epistolary with directors S. Kubrick and A. Hitchcock. We trace the reflection of technical, semantic, and aesthetic elements in the artistic discourse of V. Nabokov.
INTERDISCIPLINARY DIMENSION OF THE MODERN ENGLISH-LANGUAGE PENITENTIARY DISCOURSE RESEARCH
Authors: Shchyhlo Larysa , Volyk Anna
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the study of linguistic and translational aspects of English-language penitentiary discourse. The article defines the main concepts of research, such as “penitentiary discourse”, “prison jargon”. The features of the penitentiary discourse in English, the history of its emergence and research are clarified. The article examines the linguistic features of penitentiary discourse in English. The analysis of examples of language interaction within the framework of penitentiary discourse showed that they belong to simple (primary) language genres, which represent the result of direct language communication, in contrast to complex (secondary) language genres that arise in conditions of more complex and relatively highly developed and organized cultural communication (mainly written) – artistic, scientific, socio-political, etc. It is presented in such forms as an order, everyday dialogue, interrogation, story, etc. The study of the peculiarities of the translation of texts of penitentiary discourse and prison jargon in particular showed that the most used methods of translation are literal translation, descriptive translation, in some cases equivalent translation is used. The translation of prison jargon is especially complicated by the fact that such vocabulary is often based on a play on words, a figurative, metaphorical meaning. The article analyzes the translation of language markers of penitentiary discourse into Ukrainian based on the material of the English-language film “The Shawshank Redemption”.
GENRE AND STYLE INNOVATION OF THE NOVEL "SOLARIS" BY STANISLAVA LEMA
Authors: Keba Oleksandr
Published: March 2023

The novel "Solaris" occupies a key place in the creative biography of S. Lem. Starting with this work, the writer decisively departs from the utopian projects of the future, which at that time were spread in the most diverse versions. He also resolutely rejects the "adventure" and "technological" variants of the SF fiction. His attention is focused on the classic form of the novel with the minimum necessary technical conventions of depicting life in the future. Among other things, a new vector of literary searches required close attention to the development of various forms and means of psychologism, which revealed additional facets of Lem's talent. At the same time, it was not an ordinary return to the classics. Lem does not simply move from an impersonal form of narrative to an "I-narrative" delving into the character's self-reflection, – he forms the strategy of an «unreliable» narrator with numerous fields of uncertainty and inexplicability. So he actually anticipates the concepts of narrative discourse (J.F. Lyotard, P. Ricœur) and the ideas of receptive poetics and aesthetics (W. Iser, H. R. Jauss). The strategies presented in «Solaris» were not completely new to world literature, but for the science fiction it was a truly innovative phenomenon. From today’s height «Solaris» looks like an «untimely» novel that did not fit into the main trends in the development of modern science fiction. The dominants of the content and poetics of «Solaris» give reasons to consider the work is a futuristic existential novel.
WAYS OF GENERATING NEOLOGISMS IN MODERN ENGLISH
Authors: Medvid Olena , Malovana Nina , Vashyst Kateryna
Published: March 2023

The article considers the problem of language development, in particular its lexical layer. The rapid development of all areas of modern human life is reflected in the language, the evolution of lexis is not just a change in the vocabulary. The authors study the modern paradigms of neology in terms of a functional approach to language, analyze the factors of the appearance of new words and correlate them with the pragmatic needs of society as a whole and of different social groups in particular. The article presents the pricipal nominative types and models of English-language neologisms over the past decades. Some factors contributing to the replenishment of the English lexical layer regarding the sociolinguistic aspect are given. Social spheres significantly influence the appearance of new words because they shape a person's attitude to the realities of the linguistic picture of the world. The relevance of this research is determined by the insufficient study of the processes of lexical formation, in particular neological units, which are intensively occurring at the current stage of society globalization and require an analysis of the ways of formation and definition of critical concepts that cause the need for the functioning of innovative non-standard, both structurally and semantically, lexical units in the modern English language, in particular their systematization and classification. The scientific novelty of the study consists in developing the theory of neology through the classification of borrowings as a particular group of neologisms, systemizing means of their penetration, and adaptation in the modern English language. The goal of the research is to study the sociolinguistic role of neologisms in the modern English language, to determine their functional and semantic features and ways of speech adaptation, of neologisms-borrowings in particular. The research methodology is based on the functional-semantic approach and is complex in nature using structural-semantic and sociolinguistic analyses, allowing to identify the most successful and popular universal methods and techniques for creating neologisms; the study also relies on the principles of systematization and classification, which helps to organize empirical material and contributes to a more thorough study of the process of neologization of English-language discourse as the basis of interlanguage communication in the world today.
Descriptive Epidemiology of Adult Dairy Cow Mortalities on a Modern Colorado Dairy
Authors: Severidt J. A. , Garry F. B. , Gould D. H. , Wenz J. R. , Lombard J. E.
Published: March 2023

Studies have reported that mortality rates for adult dairy cows have been increasing over the past couple of decades and are now between 4 and 12% at the state level. None of these studies looked closely at the causes or specific risk factors associated with death. The objectives of this study were 1) to determine the causes of death of adult dairy cattle on a modern dairy farm and 2) to identify a classification scheme that facilitates directed management changes to reduce mortality.
Estimations of Milk and Meat Withdrawal Times of Ketamine and Lidocaine in Adult Holstein Cows
Authors: Sellers Glen , Lin Hui-Chu , Riddell M. Gatz , Ravis William , Duran Sue Hudson , Lin Yuh-Jing , Given M. Daniel
Published: March 2023

Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic commonly used for short-term and induction of anesthesia in bovine species. Ketamine has recently become popular for use as a constant-rate infusion for continuous pain relief. Lidocaine, a local anesthetic, is frequently used for local infiltration and epidural nerve blocks. Two of the most common local blocks in adult cattle are the inverted-L local infiltration and caudal epidural nerve blocks. These blocks are utilized for numerous standing surgical procedures such as cesarean sections, obstetric manipulations, correction of a displaced abomasum and perineal surgery. These animals may occasionally be sent for slaughter following a surgical procedure, and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has a zero-tolerance policy for drug residues in meat and milk. There is limited information and no published data on meat and milk withdrawal times for ketamine anesthesia or lidocaine administration via these two different techniques. The objectives of this study were to investigate the pharmacokinetics of ketamine following administration of a single intravenous dose and lidocaine administered via inverted-Land caudal epidural nerve blocks, and to establish the withdrawal times for meat and milk of these two anesthetics in mature Holstein cows.
Role of Vaccination in the Control of Johne's Disease in 3 Wisconsin Dairy Herds
Authors: Patton Elisabeth , Fish Richard , Engrav Jeffery , Bohn Jeffery
Published: March 2023

We set out to evaluate differences between vaccinated and non-vaccinated calves reared under the same conditions. Three larger Wisconsin dairy herds (300-800 head/herd) agreed to participate in the study. Every other heifer calf was vaccinatedagainst JD until two cohorts, vaccinated and non-vaccinated, were established for each herd. Infection prevalence, clinical disease rate and longevity in the herd will be evaluated in the study.
Evaluation of the Efficacy of On-farm Pasteurization of Waste Milk in Seven Western New York Dairies
Authors: Capel Michael , Wentworth Hillary , Crosier Brooke , Welch Gerald , Schukken Ynte
Published: March 2023

Whole milk has nutritional and economic benefits over milk replacer as a feed source for calves. Waste milk-non-saleable milk from treated cattle-represents the most affordable source of whole milk on the dairy. Despite its benefits, whole milk contains many pathogens and poses a disease risk to calves. Pasteurization has emerged as a valuable and cost-effective method for reducing the number of pathogenic bacteria present in waste milk on farms, and studies have shown numerous health and economic benefits through feeding pasteurized waste milk over un-pasteurized waste milk. There remains a need for identifying how effective pasteurizers are when operating under on-farm conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate bacterial load in waste milk before and after on-farm pasteurization.
BVDV Management
Authors: O'Connor Annette M.
Published: March 2023

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) control programs should include identification and removal of the BVDV persistently infected (PI) animal, biosecurity, biocontainment and surveillance. Surveillance of BVDV in herds previously identified as having persistently infected animals and for herds of unknown BVDV status are the focus of this discussion. Issues discussed are considerations for tests used in BVDV surveillance programs, population for surveillance and timing of testing.
Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis Management
Authors: O'Connor Annette M.
Published: March 2023

Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis is a disease that affects many herds in the US, however, the epidemiology of the disease is complicated and control is frustrating for many producers. This article discusses putative causes of IBK and approaches to understanding the causes of success and apparent failure in IBK control programs.
Offering Beef Herd Consultations and Nutritional Guidance
Authors: Heitkamp Rachel
Published: March 2023

Traditionally, the benefit of including a veterinary technician on the professional team lies in the area of patient care and clinic organization. A technician’s ability to “see what needs to be done and doing it” is of great value. This traditional skill set in the area of patient care and clinic organization can be carried through to help the veterinarian add value in the avenues of herd consultation and nutritional guidance. The technician can be utilized as a liaison between the producer and the veterinarian. Technician responsibilities include fielding calls from the producers, initiating the consultation and/or nutrition work, compiling background information, completing maintenance tasks, and transitioning the program throughout the year. This pairing ensures that tasks are being completed, and allows the veterinarian to make final recommendations.
Comparison of Three Different Dehorning Techniques on Pain, Behavior, Wound Healing, and Performance in Feeder Cattle
Authors: Neely C. D. , Thomson D. U. , Kerr C. A. , Rezac D. J. , Reinhardt C. D.
Published: March 2023

Removing the horns of cattle is a common practice in most modern day cattle feeding operations. The procedure is thought to decrease injury inflicted on penmates by cattle with horns. Currently, three methods of this procedure are commonly used: 1) tipping, or partial horn removal, 2) mechanical removal, and 3) banding. No research exists that directly compares the three methods and monitors effects on pain, behavior, wound healing, and performance.
Effect of Oral Meloxicam on Performance and Health of Stocker Calves after Castration
Authors: Coetzee J. F. , Edwards L. N. , Mosher R. A. , O'Connor A. M. , KuKanich B. , Blasi D. A.
Published: March 2023

Castration in weaned calves is stressful and affects profitability by reducing average daily gain (ADG) and increasing susceptibility to disease. This study investigated the effect of meloxicam, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), on performance and health of stocker calves after surgical castration.
Pharmacokinetics and Milk Depletion of Meloxicam and Gabapentin in Lactating Holsteins
Authors: Gehring R. , Malreddy P. , Coetzee J. F. , KuKanich B.
Published: March 2023

There is an urgent need for safe and effective treatments to prevent and mitigate pain in food-producing ruminants. Two excellent candidates for this purpose are meloxicam, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, and gabapentin, an analogue of the neurotransmitter GABA that was originally developed as an anti-epileptic. Gabapentin is currently used to control neuropathic pain in humans. Neither of these drugs are approved for use in cattle, and bovine practitioners must comply with the requirements of the Animal Drug Use Clarification Act (AMDUCA, 1994) to use them in an extralabel manner in their patients. One of the AMDUCA requirements is the availability of scientific data on which to base an appropriate withdrawal interval to prevent harmful residues from entering the food chain. The purpose of this study was to generate such data for milk following co-administration of meloxicam and gabapentin to lactating Holstein cows.
Influence of dry period plane of energy on peripartal concentration of β-hydroxybutyrate, non-esterified fatty acids, glucose and insulin
Authors: Mann S. , Leal Yepes F. A. , Wakshlag J. J. , Overton T. R. , Cummings B. P. , Nydam D. V.
Published: March 2023

Exacerbated postpartum negative energy balance (NEB) in dairy cows leads to downstream negative health events, poor reproductive performance, and production loss. Different feeding strategies during the dry period have the potential to affect peripartal energy metabolism. The objective of this study was to describe the concentration of markers of negative energy balance (non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB)), as well as glucose and insulin in cows being fed different dry period planes of energy.