bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Roadmap to AI and Digital Twin Adoption
Authors: Elango Elakkiya , Natarajan Gnanasankaran , Hanees Ahamed Lebbe , Bai Shirley Chellathurai Pon Anna
Published: January 2024

Organizations are quickly realizing the transformative possibilities of digital twins and artificial intelligence (AI) in this era of fast technical advancement. This chapter provides a brief synopsis of “The Roadmap to AI and Digital Twin Adoption,” a comprehensive resource that delves into the key elements and techniques necessary for the successful integration of AI and digital twins across a range of sectors. This roadmap explores the mutually beneficial relationship between artificial intelligence (AI) and digital twins, emphasizing how each may enhance overall performance, decision-making, and operational efficiency. It covers the fundamental concepts of artificial intelligence (AI), such as natural language processing, machine learning, and deep learning, and how important they are in relation to digital twins. The guide's emphasis extends to the practical use of AI and digital twins, offering guidance on data collection and management, model training, and algorithm choice.
Quality of life among individuals working from home during COVID-19 pandemic - a cross sectional study from United States of America, Canada, India and Sri Lanka
Authors: Savarimuthu Rogina J. S. , Kanniammal C. , Devi N. Bamini
Published: January 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has threatened human life since December 2019. The study’s objectives were to assess the quality of life among individuals working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic and to associate the quality of life parameters with their demographic variables. Majority of the respondents reported moderate quality of life. Age, marital status, number of children and currently physically ill were significantly associated with psychological domain, while the occupation was significantly associated with the domain of social relationships. Financial constraints and country of origin (or country of residence) was significantly associated with the environmental domain.
Effect of Chlormequat chloride on cultivation of capsicum (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Deweniguru D. K. U. S. , Kahandawa Arachchi K. A. D. S. D. , Karunarathna Brintha
Published: January 2024

Yield reduction in Capsicum (Capsicum annuum L.), which occurs due to physiological and hormonal imbalances in the plants, particularly under unfavourable environments, is one of the main problems in Sri Lanka. Plant growth regulator has the potential to reduce fruit and flower drops. A preliminary experiment was conducted at the Horticultural Crop Research and Development Institute at Gannoruwa to determine the effect of plant growth regulators on capsicum cultivation. Chlormequat chloride was used as plant growth regulator and sprayed as foliar spray at one (T2), two (T3), and five (T4) weeks after transplanting and one, two and five weeks after transplanting (T5), respectively. The plants sprayed with water served as the control (T1). Treatments were arranged in a Randomized Complete Block design. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) among tested treatments in plant height, chlorophyll content, number of days taken to 50% flowering, number of days taken to first fruit and the number of flowers per branch, average canopy width and number of fruits per plant. All treatments had the first flower at 34 days after transplanting. Further, marketable, non-marketable, and total capsicum yields were statistically the same in all tested treatments. Therefore, the present study concluded that applying chlormequat chloride at different time intervals in different growth stages did not positively impact the growth and yield of capsicum.
How Experts Learn: Charting a Course for Advanced Practice Teaching and Learning
Authors: Kutz Matthew R.
Published: January 2024

Context

Changes in the healthcare landscape include a burgeoning gig economy, large-scale job vacancies, remote learning, and a volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) marketplace, which requires reevaluating our approach to education. These changes fundamentally alter the nature and assumptions of education.

Objective

To generate dialogue on the relevance of heutagogy, a self-determined learning model, in contrast to traditional pedagogical and andragogical methods.

Background

The healthcare industry is experiencing a workforce exodus. The gig economy, characterized by flexible, freelance work, is on the rise and reshaping the job market. Heutagogy, as a holistic self-determined learning approach, equips learners with the skills to thrive in this evolving landscape.

Synthesis

Heutagogy emphasizes learners’ proactive roles in their education, fostering autonomy and adaptability. It complements the flexibility demanded by a VUCA marketplace and empowers individuals to navigate unpredictable dynamics. It empowers learners to identify knowledge gaps, navigate complexity, and continuously grow, focusing on learner capability and autonomy. Heutagogy is particularly relevant where professionals must adapt rapidly and meet evolving patient expectations.

Results

This article delineates the progression from pedagogy to andragogy to heutagogy, highlighting heutagogy’s proactive learning facilitation. Heutagogy benefits advanced-practice learners and professionals entering a dynamic environment, fostering adaptability, personalized learning, and collaborative exploration.

Recommendations

The integration of heutagogy into formal education should strike a balance between autonomy and structured guidance. Faculty roles must shift to become informal mentors and learner advocates, supporting learners and equipping them for a self-determined career trajectory.

Conclusions

Involving heutagogy in athletic training education will not be easy. However, as educators embrace heutagogy, they must redefine their roles as facilitators of self-determined learning, ensuring that learners are prepared to navigate the uncertainties of the modern marketplace.
Alantolactone Attenuates Renal Fibrosis via Inhibition of Transforming Growth Factor β/Smad3 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Lee Kyeong-Min , Hwang Yeo Jin , Jung Gwon-Soo
Published: January 2024

Background: Renal fibrosis is characterized by the accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins and interstitial fibrosis. Alantolactone is known to exert anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antifungal effects; however, its effects on renal fibrosis remains unknown. Here, we investigated whether alantolactone attenuates renal fibrosis in mice unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and evaluated the effect of alantolactone on transforming growth factor (TGF) signaling pathway in renal cells.Methods: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of alantolactone, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, histological staining, Western blot analysis, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction were performed in UUO kidneys in vivo and in TGF-β-treated renal cells in vitro.Results: Alantolactone (0.25 to 4 µM) did not affect the viability of renal cells. Mice orally administered 5 mg/kg of alantolactone daily for 15 days did not show mortality or liver toxicity. Alantolactone decreased UUO-induced blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels. In addition, it significantly alleviated renal tubulointerstitial damage and fibrosis and decreased collagen type I, fibronectin, and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression in UUO kidneys. In NRK-49F cells, alantolactone inhibited TGF-βstimulated expression of fibronectin, collagen type I, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and α-SMA. In HK-2 cells, alantolactone inhibited TGF-β-stimulated expression of collagen type I and PAI-1. Alantolactone inhibited UUO-induced phosphorylation of Smad3 in UUO kidneys. In addition, it not only decreased TGF-β secretion but also Smad3 phosphorylation and translocation to nucleus in both kidney cell lines.Conclusion: Alantolactone improves renal fibrosis by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad3 signaling pathway in obstructive nephropathy. Thus, alantolactone is a potential therapeutic agent for chronic kidney disease.
A New Concept in Antidiabetic Therapeutics: A Concerted Removal of Labile Iron and Intracellular Deposition of Zinc
Authors: Vinokur Vladimir , Berenshtein Eduard , Chevion Mordechai , Chevion Dror
Published: January 2024

Background: The inflammatory process is known to be an integral part of the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The “labile,” redox-active iron, serving as a catalyst in Fenton reaction, producing the deleterious reactive oxygen species, triggering and maintaining inflammation, is hypothesized to play a causative role in this process. Concenter Biopharma continued the development of a new platform of iron chelators (Zygosids), first initiated at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (HUJI), acting via the novel mechanism, based on a sequestration of the labile redox-active iron and its substitution by zinc or gallium. The mode of action of Zygosids is based on the higher affinity of the metal-binding moiety of the complex to Fe3+ in comparison to already bound ion, leading to rapid release of the ion of another metal and chelation of Fe3+. Concomitantly, zinc ion, released by the complex, is known for its antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory role.Methods: The therapeutic effect of zinc-desferrioxamine (Zygosid-50) and gallium-desferrioxamine, was tested on fat sand rat (Psammomys obesus) model of diet-induced T2DM and on Leprdb transgenic diabetic mice.Results: Zygosids demonstrated an ability to noticeably reduce blood glucose and insulin levels and improve the lipid profile. Moreover, an ability to mitigate insulin resistance by >90% was shown on the sand rat model. In addition, a potent anti-inflammatory effect, expressed as a diminishment of the proinflammatory cytokines in tissue levels, was demonstrated.Conclusion: Zygosids demonstrated robust therapeutic efficacy in treatment of T2DM. Importantly, no adverse effects were detected, in all the experiments, indicating high safety profile.
Glucagon-Like Peptide Receptor Agonist Inhibits Angiotensin II-Induced Proliferation and Migration in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Ameliorates Phosphate-Induced Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Calcification
Authors: Lee Jinmi , Hong Seok-Woo , Kim Min-Jeong , Moon Sun Joon , Kwon Hyemi , Park Se Eun , Rhee Eun-Jung , Lee Won-Young
Published: January 2024

Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA), which is a therapeutic agent for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, has a beneficial effect on the cardiovascular system.Methods: To examine the protective effects of GLP-1RAs on proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), A-10 cells exposed to angiotensin II (Ang II) were treated with either exendin-4, liraglutide, or dulaglutide. To examine the effects of GLP-1RAs on vascular calcification, cells exposed to high concentration of inorganic phosphate (Pi) were treated with exendin-4, liraglutide, or dulaglutide.Results: Ang II increased proliferation and migration of VSMCs, gene expression levels of Ang II receptors AT1 and AT2, proliferation marker of proliferation Ki-67 (Mki-67), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (Pcna), and cyclin D1 (Ccnd1), and the protein expression levels of phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-Erk), phospho-c-JUN N-terminal kinase (p-JNK), and phospho-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (p-Pi3k). Exendin-4, liraglutide, and dulaglutide significantly decreased the proliferation and migration of VSMCs, the gene expression levels of Pcna, and the protein expression levels of p-Erk and p-JNK in the Ang II-treated VSMCs. Erk inhibitor PD98059 and JNK inhibitor SP600125 decreased the protein expression levels of Pcna and Ccnd1 and proliferation of VSMCs. Inhibition of GLP-1R by siRNA reversed the reduction of the protein expression levels of p-Erk and p-JNK by exendin-4, liraglutide, and dulaglutide in the Ang II-treated VSMCs. Moreover, GLP-1 (9-36) amide also decreased the proliferation and migration of the Ang II-treated VSMCs. In addition, these GLP-1RAs decreased calcium deposition by inhibiting activating transcription factor 4 (Atf4) in Pi-treated VSMCs.Conclusion: These data show that GLP-1RAs ameliorate aberrant proliferation and migration in VSMCs through both GLP-1Rdependent and independent pathways and inhibit Pi-induced vascular calcification.
Endoscopic Enucleation of the Prostate – A Retrospective Single-center Study: Early Outcomes
Authors: Peteinaris Angelis , Faitatziadis Solon , Spinos Theodoros , Pagonis Konstantinos , Vagionis Athanasios , Gkeka Kristiana , Anaplioti Eirini , Obaidat Mohammed , Natsos Anastasios , Polyzonis Spyridon , Michalopoulos Fotios , Vrettos Theofanis , Giannitsas Konastantinos , Fokaefs Eleftherios
Published: January 2024

Purpose:

This clinical study was designed to present our initial experience of holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) with the use of the Quanta Litho Cyber Ho 150 W™ (Quanta System, Samarate, Italy).

Materials and Methods:

The data of the current study including all the patients who underwent HoLEP from April 2022 to December 2022 were retrospectively collected. All the operations were performed by the same experienced surgeon and the surgical technique was similar in all the cases. The successful completion of the operations, the operative time, and the major complications were the primary endpoints of this study.

Results:

Fifteen patients underwent HoLEP from April 2022 to December 2022 in our department. The completion of all the surgeries was successful. The average enucleation time was calculated to be 47.13 (±8.44) min, while the morcellation phase was completed in a mean time of 29.8 (±5.35) min. No major complications were noticed. The average hemoglobin drop was 1.4 (±0.69) g/dL.

Conclusion:

Our initial experience and early outcomes of the use of Quanta Litho Cyber Ho 150 W™ (Quanta System, Samarate, Italy) in HoLEP were presented. All the cases were completed successfully, without major complications or significant blood loss.
A Novel Approach to Renovascular Hypertension in Takayasu Arteritis
Authors: Sritharan N , Velladuraichi B , Ilayakumar P , Kumar S Prathap
Published: January 2024

Takayasu arteritis (TA) is an immune arteritis causing inflammation of the aorta, its major branches, and pulmonary arteries. It is predominantly a disease of young women, with onset typically between the ages of 20 and 30 years. Renal artery stenosis (RAS) is a significant cause of hypertension in patients with TA. An autologous conduit is preferred for renal revascularization in pediatric and young patients. We report a 26-year-old male patient, a case of TA with renovascular hypertension on four antihypertensive drugs presented to us with flash pulmonary edema. Computed tomography angiogram revealed bilateral RAS. The echocardiogram showed global hypokinesia with moderate left ventricular dysfunction. Surgical revascularization was done using a bifurcated common iliac artery (CIA) as a conduit with inflow from the aortic graft to both renal arteries. The purpose of this article was to highlight that bifurcated CIA can be used as an alternative conduit to revascularize both renal arteries.
A Novel Management of Vertical Root Fracture in an Endodontically Treated Mandibular Premolar with Titanium Screw: A Case Report
Authors: Karumaran Chellaswamy Savrimalai , Srinivasan M. R. , Ramachandran Anil Kumar , Venkatesan Remya , Nirmala Chandrasekaran , Sreelakshmi P.S.
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

Vertical root fracture is one of the conditions prevalent in endodontically treated teeth. The treatment options include extraction of the fracture fragment or the affected tooth as a whole. This case report highlights the successful management of vertical root fracture in an endodontically treated mandibular first premolar.

Method:

Surgical intervention was initiated, and a full-thickness flap was elevated. The separated fracture segment was safely retrieved, and the existing caries were removed and then reattached to the main fragment with the help of a titanium screw. The tooth was rehabilitated with a composite resin core followed by a porcelain-fused metal crown and the patient was followed up for 7 years.

Result:

The tooth was functional with evidence of new bone formation.

Conclusion:

Reattachment of the fracture fragments with a titanium screw might be considered as an option for managing vertical root fracture cases with poor prognosis.
Appraisal of Elementary Knowledge and Awareness of Oral Cancer among Dental and Medical Undergraduates
Authors: Sharma Preeti , Wadhwan Vijay
Published: January 2024

Background:

Currently, oral cancer in India ranks among the top three types of cancer affecting mainly the elderly population. However, recent years have witnessed a marked increase in the younger people less than 45 years of age being affected by oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Thus, its early detection and treatment are of utmost importance and this responsibility lies with the healthcare providers. Therefore, we planned this study to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of oral cancer among undergraduate dental and medical students. The objective was to suggest strategies to improve awareness on oral cancer.

Methods:

A pretested questionnaire comprising nineteen questions were distributed among 193 undergraduate dental and 218 undergraduate medical students of our university. Fundamental questions were included in the clinical examination, risk factors and need for information lectures on oral cancer. Chi-square and ANOVA tests were used to analyse the data.

Results:

The response rate of the study was good with 91.7% (177/193) of the dental and 88% (191/218) of the medical undergraduates participating in the survey. Though dental students had sufficient knowledge regarding the prevention and detection of oral cancer, however, medical students were less aware of the investigative methods of oral cancer.

Conclusion:

Though the mean knowledge of the dental students was good, they were not confident of diagnosing the early clinical symptoms of oral cancer. Practices on detection of oral cancer have to be reinforced among medical students so that they can contribute to its prevention.
The Art of Managing Various Ocular Defects in Different Clinical Scenarios: A Case Series
Authors: Verma Apurva , Srinivasan Ramya , Agrawal Kaushal Kishor , Agarwal Bhaskar , Singh Diksha
Published: January 2024

The absence of eye and irradiation post-enucleation may result in problems like dryness of the eye sockets, itching and crusting. This may lead to poor prosthesis adaptation and a lack of patient acceptance of the prosthesis. To combat the most common problem of dryness, patients are advised artificial tears to use as teardrops or ocular prostheses along with a tear reservoir. This case series describes methods of fabricating ocular prosthesis indicated in different scenarios: the modified stock ocular and a custom-made ocular prosthesis when tearing secretion is enough in the eye socket and an ocular prosthesis with a tear reservoir in cases showing reduced tear secretion. A novel technique of fabricating hollow lightweight ocular prostheses having the sustained prolonged release of artificial tears has been described.
Evaluation of the Efficacy of Novel Self Disinfectant Solution in Irreversible Hydrocolloid Impression Material - An Experimental Study
Authors: Selvaraj Sunantha , Alarmelu  , Jayachandran Dorairaj , Priya Shanmuga
Published: January 2024

Background:

Irreversible hydrocolloid materials are widely used for both diagnostic and definitive impression procedures. Impressions can be disinfected by immersion or spraying in any compatible disinfectant. Disinfectants should not adversely affect the dimensional stability of the impression and physical properties of impression material and subsequent dental cast.

Objective:

The study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a hypochlorous disinfectant solution mixed with irreversible hydrocolloid on setting time, antibacterial efficacy, and dimensional stability.

Methodology:

Three groups were made with one control group and three alginate impression was made for each participants in the maxillary arch with 24-hours intervals between one another using the same brand of commercially available chromatic alginate. The working and setting time were noted. Bacterial swabs were collected using a dry sterile cotton swab in the mid palatal region. Dental casts were made using type III gypsum.

Result:

The working and setting time had significant differences whereas the dimension among the cast has no significant difference. Microbial growth analysis had distinct differences among the groups.

Conclusion:

The self disinfection method using a pioneer solution of hypochlorous HOCl (100 ppm) to mix the alginate impression material rather than the water with the same powder-liquid ratio prescribed by the manufacturer had the same dimensional stability with improved antimicrobial action.
Evaluation of Randomised Controlled Trials Published in Indian Specialty Dental Journals for Statistical Testing of Baseline Differences: A Meta-Epidemiological Study
Authors: Khairnar Mahesh R. , Kumar PG Naveen , Kusumakar Ananta , Akram Zainab , Sabharwal Harloveen , Jadhav Sachin
Published: January 2024

Background:

In randomised controlled trials (RCTs), the application of a test of significance to compare the baseline differences between the intervention groups is a common practice, though it has been condemned by many researchers.

Objective:

This study aimed to assess the proportion of RCTs on human participants comparing the baseline differences between intervention groups using the test of significance in nine dental specialty journals published in India and to estimate the proportion of studies reporting baseline demographic and clinical characteristics in a table.

Materials and Methods:

RCTs published in nine dental journals published by dental specialty associations of India were screened. A literature search was limited to the time duration of five years from 2017 to 2021.

Results:

The authors analysed 326 RCTs. Of 326 RCTs published, 237 RCTs (72.7%) did not report the baseline demographic and clinical characteristics table. Tests of significance were applied to compare baseline differences between the intervention arms in 148 (45.4%) RCTs published.

Conclusions:

Although criticised by the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement, the majority of the trials published in dental specialty journals failed to avoid comparison of baseline differences with significance test and failed to report baseline characteristic table.
The Effects of Musculoskeletal Disorders on Professional Quality of Life Among Midwives Working in Delivery Rooms
Authors: Aksoy Sena Dilek , Dutucu Nafiye , Ozdilek Resmiye , Bektaş Hatice Acar
Published: January 2024

Background:

This study was conducted to determine the effects of musculoskeletal disorders on professional quality of life among midwives working in delivery rooms.

Aim:

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of musculoskeletal disorders of midwives working in delivery rooms on the quality of professional life.

Methods:

This descriptive study was conducted with 88 midwives who worked in delivery rooms and delivered babies. The data were collected using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) and the Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQOL R-IV).

Statistical Analysis Used:

The data were analysed with IBM SPSS V23 using MANOVA and path analysis.

Results:

Of the midwives, 80.7% reported that they had pain in the waist in the last year. According to the result of path analysis for NMQ and ProQOL R-IV, only the path coefficient between the 12-month disability and burnout was found to be statistically significant (p = 0.012). The multivariate analysis showed that single midwives had higher job satisfaction than married ones (p = 0.030) and those who chose their profession willingly had higher job satisfaction than others (p = 0.043).

Conclusion:

It was observed that most of the midwives suffered from low back pain. Additionally, there may be a relationship between musculoskeletal problems experienced by midwives and their professional burnout levels. Relevant strategies to reduce occupational risks, especially musculoskeletal disorders, and to increase the professional quality of life of midwives should be implemented urgently.
Oral Health Status and Treatment Needs of Chromium Mine Workers in India
Authors: Kumar Sandeep , Priyaranjan  , Basak Debashish , Dasgupta Barun , Nastaran Quazi Syeda S. , Kumar Ashish
Published: January 2024

Background:

Several diseases are related to occupation. The workers in chromium mines may be exposed to hazardous environments. The objective of this research was to evaluate the oral health condition and treatment needs of chromium mine workers.

Materials and Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study conducted on workers in the chromium mines located in the Jajpur district, Odisha. The study included a total of 453 mine workers. The World Health Organization (WHO) oral health assessment proforma (1997) was used to assess the oral health status and treatment needs of the workers. Face-to-face interviews were conducted to acquire information on socio-demographic data, along with clinical examinations of type III. Frequency distribution analysis and independent-sample t-test were performed.

Results:

The majority of mineworkers demonstrated poor oral health status with high caries experience (Decayed Missing and Filled Tooth (DMFT) = 3.13 ± 1.82). The prevalence of tobacco consumption was very prevalent among them (74.8%). Leukoplakia (13.2%) was the most commonly noted oromucosal lesions. The buccal mucosa (16.8%) and commissures of the lips (3.3%) were the most common affected sites. Most workers demonstrated poor periodontal conditions. More than half of the mine workers (53.6%) showed malocclusion. Restoration, extraction, and pulp care were needed in most of the workers.

Conclusion:

A critical intervention should be provided to promote oral hygiene among Indian chromium mine workers. Dental health education and tobacco cessation programs are of utmost importance to improve the health conditions of these workers.
Certificate Course in Occupational Safety and Health
Authors: Mehra Rakesh , Vats Shivangi , Kumar Anuj , Bhalla Sandeep , Banandur Pradeep , Bhat Vidya K. , Jayaraj G.
Published: January 2024

Context:

The need for physicians qualified in the field of occupational safety and health (OSH) is growing with the growth of manufacturing and service sectors where maximum number of work-related morbidity and mortality occur.

Aims:

This article aims to assess the effectiveness and feasibility of the certificate course in occupational safety and health for training and capacity building of primary care physicians in OSH.

Methods and Material:

Guideline for reporting evidence-based practice educational interventions and teaching (GREET) was used for describing educational interventions. The outcome was assessed by comparing the mean scores. t test with P < 0.005 was considered a level of significance.

Results:

The result showed significant improvement in the cumulative pre- and post-test scores after each module. The certificate course is suitable for adult learning as there was no intergroup difference in knowledge after the program. Consistent with the findings, the improvement scores indicate that training has made a difference in the knowledge and learning of the trained physicians.

Conclusions:

This customized training intervention has high potential for scaling up while optimally addressing the scarcity of trained physicians in the OSH in high population density settings like India where a high number of vulnerable workforces work in the informal economy.
Occupational Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in a Video Editor
Authors: Sayapathi Balachandar S. , Rowther Sirajudeen
Published: January 2024

The diagnosis of occupational noise-induced hearing loss is rarely made in a video editor, although there is a high prevalence of hearing loss. A 37-year-old woman experienced gradual hearing loss associated with tinnitus for the past 3 years. Audiometry showed mild-to-severe sensorineural hearing loss in the right ear and mild-to-moderate sensorineural hearing loss in the left ear. There is a dip at 2 kHz, which is more pronounced in the right ear with recovery at 8 kHz. The portable listening devices risk causing hearing loss from high-output noise damaging the cochlear structures. The amplitudes on otoacoustic emission levels are decreased by using these devices, especially among long-time users. Incessant tinnitus may cause adverse effects on the quality of life. Sound therapy devices such as digital signal processing devices through hearing aids may assist this group of patients by distracting their attention from tinnitus.
Job Satisfaction among Resident Doctors of a Tertiary Care Hospital in South Delhi
Authors: Chellaiyan D Vinoth Gnana , Gupta Sujata , Britto J Jennifer , Kamble Bhusan
Published: January 2024

Background:

Doctors’ job satisfaction is crucial to the health service to ensure commitment, effective training, service provision, and retention. Job satisfaction matters to doctors for their happiness, fulfilment, service to patients, and duty to employers. The quality of performance in the health sector to a large extent depends on whether healthcare providers are job-satisfied or dissatisfied.

Objectives:

This study assessed the level and factors determining job satisfaction among resident doctors in a federal tertiary institution.

Material and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among the resident doctors of a government tertiary care hospital. Data were collected using a self-reported questionnaire consisting of 49 items under seven domains of job satisfaction, where higher values indicated a higher level of satisfaction. The average scores of items were computed to construct factor scores for each individual. A Chi-square test was applied.

Results:

The proportion of job satisfaction among resident doctors was found to be 80.9%. On adjustment, the odds of being satisfied were found to be higher in the older age groups, among males, and doctors posted in clinical departments.

Conclusion:

Most respondents in this study were satisfied with their jobs with minorities satisfied with their monetary and infrastructure facilities. There is a need to address these issues to enhance healthcare quality, especially in the public sector.
Carrying Load and Related Health Disorders and Disability
Authors: Assadi Seyedeh Negar
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

If carrying loads is not done correctly, it may cause many disorders and diseases, such as musculoskeletal disorders, which are considered the first cause of disability. The aim of the study is a comparison between two methods of calculating load limits and determining the health effects and disorders of carrying loads.

Methods:

Two methods were used to examine and calculate the maximum permissible load weight. The first method was introduced by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), and the second was introduced by the Washington Industrial Safety and Health Act (WISHA). The researcher used both methods to determine the maximum load weight and to compare the responses. Health effects were listed in the checklist. The study was descriptive, evaluated, and analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software.

Findings:

In the first method, recommended weight lifted (RWL) and lifting index were calculated, and in the second method, the maximum allowable load was calculated. The weight obtained by the first method was smaller than the weight obtained by the second method. Carrying heavy loads resulted in low back pain, discopathy, herniation, high ocular pressure, and osteoarthritis.

Conclusion:

The first method is suitable for determining the permissible load limits. In this way, the pressure on the spine is less likely to occur. In general, health disorders and related disabilities were less likely to happen in this situation.
Living and Working Conditions of Female Domestic Workers in Pune City
Authors: Pokale Aarati B. , Gothankar Jayashree S. , Pore Prasad D.
Published: January 2024

Context:

Female domestic workers (FDWs) comprise a significant part of the global workforce in informal sector. Nature of their workplace is such that the work goes unaccounted for in terms of employment policies or legislation.

Aims:

The aim of this study was to assess socio-demographic and occupational profile of FDWs.

Subjects and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in one ward of each of the five geographical zones of Pune city. Domestic workers employed in randomly selected residential societies therein were included in the study. Data collected by interview technique during house visit and general examination done.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Data were analyzed by using IBM SPSS 25.0 USA statistical software. Percentage, mean, and standard deviation were calculated.

Results:

Of the 573 FDWs, 62% were between 20 and 40 years, and 35% were educated up to middle school. Three-fourths were currently married. Fifty-one were sole breadwinners. Most FDWs had their own house with electricity and water supply. Almost half had been employed for 5–10 years, working in 3–4 households. Approximately 50% earned between Rs. 4000–8000 per month. Maximum received annual bonus.

Conclusions:

Working and living conditions of these FDWs are not as pitiful as depicted in previous studies. However, benefits accorded to the formal sector workers are lacking here like fixed days off, pension, and maternity leave.
Visual Examination Standard for Forklift and Crane Operators
Authors: Chande Prema K. , Bandamwar Kalika L.
Published: January 2024

Context:

Forklift and crane industry in India is progressing at a rapid pace and the visual integrity of the operators is crucial for occupational safety. Hence, we performed a vision screening at a factory based in Mumbai.

Aims:

To evaluate the current visual status of forklift and crane operators working at a factory in Mumbai.

Settings and Design:

Prospective observational cross-sectional.

Methods and Materials:

All forklift and crane operators were invited to undertake visual examination that included visual acuity (VA) assessment, refraction, slit-lamp examination, color vision assessment, visual field assessment, and stereopsis. Referrals were made for participants who needed further assessment.

Statistical analysis used:

Mean and standard deviation were calculated and presented.

Results:

A total of 66 forklift operators with an average age of 48 years that ranged from 26–60 years completed the study. The average distance VA in LogMAR with current spectacles was 0.1 ± 0.14. The near VA with usual spectacles averaged at 0.63 M ± 0.2 M. The best-corrected VA (BCVA) of 0 LogMAR was not achieved by 12% subjects; however, all participants except one met the 0.3 LogMAR visual acuity criteria. The average stereopsis was 55.8 ± 47.8 with 8% operators had lower than acceptable levels of stereopsis while 7% could not meet the set criteria. One operator had 400 s of an arc and 4 had 100 s of arc stereopsis.

Conclusions:

The study demonstrates an urgent need to set up standards for vision assessment at the time of employment and frequency of eye examination for forklift and other powered industrial vehicles.
Javni posvet o zahtevah po znanju slovenščine
Authors: Stabej Marko , Černilec Boris , Ferbežar Ina , Guner Furkan , Heferle Tina , Samobor Ana , Štrukelj Katarina
Published: January 2024

Zapis posveta o zahtevah po znanju slovenščine, kot jih opredeljuje najnovejši Zakon o tujcih, in dostopu do znanja slovenščine za državljanke in državljane tretjih držav. Javni posvet je organiziral Center za slovenščino kot drugi in tuji jezik Filozofske fakultete Univerze v Ljubljani in se je odvil v torek, 9. maja 2023, v Zbornični dvorani Univerze v Ljubljani.
Variation of Spoken Slovene in the Case of Geographically Mobile Speakers
Authors: Bitenc Maja
Published: January 2024

Based on the pioneering variationist research on Slovene language material, the article explores the authentic language use of speakers of the Cerkno dialect who commute daily or weekly to work or school in Slovenia’s capital, Ljubljana. The research corpus comprises excerpts from informants’ full-day audio self-recordings, selected to represent variation of location, interlocutors, and conversation topic. Through a quantitative analysis of five phonological variables, the study reveals distinct language strategies with speakers of other varieties, resulting in a classification of one code-switcher, three code-mixers, and one dialect speaker language strategies employed by the informants when communicating with speakers of other varieties, resulting in a classification of code-switchers, code-mixers and dialect speakers. Furthermore, the qualitative data derived from interviews shed light on various sociopsycholo­gical aspects of the focal topic, such as the informants’ perception of their own speech behaviour, their experiences with language use, and their language attitudes, providing deeper insights into their language variability and highlighting the intricacies of language choice and interpersonal communication.
Relacje Turcji z Unią Europejską w okresie rządów Partii Sprawiedliwości i Rozwoju
Authors: Liszkowska Dominika
Published: January 2024

Türkiye’s relations with the European Union during the rule of the Justice and Development Party

In 2002, the Justice and Development Party (AKP) took power in Türkiye and continued political, economic and legal reforms aimed at bringing the state closer to the standards and values of the European Union. Finally, in 2005, Türkiye managed to open accession negotiations, but without any guarantee of future membership. Over time, however, the original promises of reform gave way to increasingly serious violations of freedom of expression and human rights. With the slowdown of democratic changes and the increase in the authoritarian actions of the Turkish authorities, a deadlock in relations with the EU has become noticeable.
Relacje turecko-palestyńskie. Ciągłość czy zmiana?
Authors: Szydzisz Marcin , Kosiorek Piotr
Published: January 2024

Turkish‑Palestinian relations – continuity or change?

After the Justice and Development Party (Turkish Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi, AKP) came to power in Turkey in 2002, Turkish external activity was remodeled. Since then, the deepening of Turkish‑Palestinian relations could also be observed. This change is related to the new doctrine of foreign policy as well as to the conditions of Ankara’s regional policy, which competes with other players for the role of a regional power. The intensity of actions towards Palestine is also influenced by tensions between Turkey and Israel, which are characterized by varying intensity. Despite the restoration of diplomatic relations between the two countries in 2016, the Republic has not abandoned its pro‑Palestinian stance. The purpose of this text is to analyze Turkish‑Palestinian relations in terms of the main principles determining Ankara’s external activity. Due to subjective disproportionality, it should be noted that Turkey, from the position of a regional player, is taking steps towards Palestine, which has lots of limitations when it comes to political steps. The areas of activity betwen Turkey and Palestine concerns issues such as humanitarian aid, cultural heritage, identity and historical ties, and trade. In its relations with Palestine, Ankara uses institutional soft power tools, which may also serve Turkish strategic aims. In the first part of the article, the main principles and mechanisms of Ankara’s foreign policy was presented together with the strategy that determines the directions of external activity. These principles are the basis for discussing the nature of political relations between the two sides as well as for analyzing economic relations, humanitarian aid and cooperation in the field of culture.
Oxidative degradation of Rhodamine B solution with nZVI persulfate activation
Authors: Li Yong-Tao , Liu Xin-Yue , Li Xi , Liu Hao , Du Wan-Ying , Chen Jing-Lin
Published: January 2024

In this study, the researchers evaluated the use of nano-zero-valent iron (nZVI) activated persulfate (PS) for the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB). The effects of various operating parameters such as initial pH, and dosages of PS, nZVI and citric acid (CA) on the removal rate of RhB were investigated. The results demonstrated that at a PS dosage of 5 mmol·L-1, nZVI dosage of 0.3 g·L-1, 0.1 mmol·L-1 CA, and pH of 5, the degradation rate of RhB was 94.970%. The degradation and kinetic analysis of RhB using micron-scale zero-valent iron (mZVI) and nZVI revealed that nZVI exhibited higher activity with PS due to its smaller particle size. The activation of PS by nZVI is higher compared to mZVI, and the ineffective consumption is half that of the mZVI/PS system, the TOC removal rate increased by 18.65%. Kinetic analysis indicated that under the mentioned reaction conditions, the degradation process followed a pseudo-second-order reaction model, with the highest apparent reaction rate constant (kobs). The researchers also identified active radical species in the nZVI/PS system. Additionally, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was used to detect reaction intermediates and propose a possible degradation pathway for RhB.
Inhibitive determination of organophosphate pesticides using acetylcholinesterase and silver nanoparticle as colorimetric probe
Authors: Hermanto Dhony , Ismillayli Nurul , Hamdiani Saprini , Kamali Siti Raudhatul , Wirawan Rahadi , Muliasari Handa , Sanjaya Rochmad Kris
Published: January 2024

Accurate and real-time detection of pesticides is needed to ensure food safety and ecosystem protection. A biosensor was developed to determine organophosphate pesticides using acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and silver nanoparticle (AgNP) immobilized on the alginate-chitosan film matrix. The sensing principle is based on organophosphate pesticides (OP) inhibiting AChE activity. AChE hydrolyzes acetylthiocoline (ATCh) to thiocholine (TCh) and acetic acid (AA). The -SH group on TCh induces AgNP aggregation, resulting in fading of the film's brownish-yellow color. The presence of OP in the sample inhibited AChE activity, leading to a decrease in TCh and color fading. The biosensor response is determined by measuring the Red Green Blue (RGB) value of the film. The biosensor offers rapid detection directly in-situ and real time without the use of sophisticated instruments, with optimal measurement conditions of pH 7, incubation time of 1 minute, and concentrations of AgNP, ATCh, and tris-HCl buffer of 10 μg/mL, 50, and 7 mM, respectively. Biosensors have excellent sensitivity, reproducibility, and selectivity. Measurement of OP levels in nine vegetable samples revealed that the proposed colorimetric probe's results agreed well with the GC result as the reference method. Therefore, this method can be applied in monitoring food and environment OP levels.
Effect of organic additives on NO2 removal in the simultaneous absorption of SO2 and NO2 into limestone slurry
Authors: Jeong Ji Eun , Cho In Ah , Lee Chang-Yong
Published: January 2024

When SO2 and NO2 are simultaneously absorbed into limestone slurry, the SO32- (including HSO3 -) ions formed by the hydrolysis of SO2 enhance the absorption rate of NO2. However, NO2 absorption decreases due to the oxidation of SO32- in the presence of O2. To address this issue, simultaneous absorption was performed by adding organic additives: formic, acetic, propionic acid, monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA), and triethanolamine (TEA). These limestone slurries were denoted FS, AS, PS, MS, DS, and TS, respectively. As the acidity of the organic acid increases, SO32- oxidation inhibition also increases. Accordingly, the denitrification rate of the slurries with added organic acid was in the order of PS < AS < FS. SO32- oxidation inhibition by the ethanolamine additives increased with the number of 2-hydroxyethyl. The denitrification rate within 50 min of reaction was in the order of MS < TS < DS, which is attributed to the basicity and SO32- oxidation inhibition by ethanolamine. The denitrification rate after 50 min of the reaction was in the order of MS < DS < TS, which is presumed to be the result of SO32- oxidation inhibition and degradation due to the CO2 absorption rate.
Students’ Engagement in a Mathematical Investigation through Online Problem-Based Learning
Authors: Manalaysay Ellenita Garcia
Published: January 2024

The core components of mathematical activity are involved in mathematical investigation: problem formulation, processing of conditions for which there is no clear solution, formulation and justification of conjectures, and generalization. However, introducing mathematical investigation to students is a challenging activity. A crucial aspect of the student’s learning and understanding of the process is the kind and degree of their engagement in the learning activity. This phenomenological study sought to describe how pre-service teachers engaged in an online problem-based learning (PBL) while doing a mathematical investigation (MI). The researcher explored the cognitive, behavioral, and affective components of the 35 pre-service mathematics education students who had their first-hand experience of MI through online PBL. The students were given two contextualized, ill-structured problems, worked in groups, and proposed solutions to the problem. Data from the teachers’ observation notes, students’ learning logs, and the transcripts of the focus group discussions were gathered. Qualitative data analysis suggests that students were involved in peer-to-peer learning that included task-related conflicts, pattern recognition, self-regulation, critical analysis, participation in the learning activity, attention to the tasks, and interaction with the learning community which led to their enjoyment and motivation in conducting MI. The extent of their engagement during the presentation and analysis of the problem, planning and developing a solution, presenting and assessing solution, and summary and debriefing were further analyzed. The findings revealed that while students were initially puzzled at the start of their investigation, they shared, welcomed new information, analyzed it, and valued different approaches to a challenging mathematical problem as they progress with their inquiry. The results also revealed respondents' perspectives on how to manage online PBL. These findings can help teachers design collaborative online activities.
What Have We Learned? Teacher Agency for Social Justice amid the Traumatic Crisis with the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Min Mina , Nelson Rachel , Bellows Elizabeth
Published: January 2024

The unprecedented global COVID-19 pandemic caused school disruptions by negatively affecting most students’ academic performance. However, the pandemic has taken a heavy toll on students in high-need and disadvantaged communities. Before the pandemic, some teachers who demonstrated a social justice-oriented agency chose to implement Culturally Responsive Pedagogy (CRP) in their educational practices to support the academic successes of students from underrepresented backgrounds. However, little is known about how teachers exercised their agency to use CRP during the global health crisis. This qualitative study explores how teachers who had leveraged CRP in the past have worked to sustain their efforts to implement the pedagogy during the national crisis caused by the pandemic. 28 high school teachers were interviewed, and their accounts were analyzed using a constant comparative approach based on grounded theory. Findings illustrate how the teachers practiced CRP before COVID-19, what challenges they confronted in implementing the pedagogy, and how they negotiated their agency to sustain their efforts for promoting social justice. Findings are discussed from a trauma-informed education perspective by providing scholars, educators, and policymakers with valuable theoretical and practical implications for better-supporting students from minoritized families and communities.