bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of High-Speed Railways on City Industrial Sewage Discharge
Authors: Chen Yu , Zhu Guangming , Wang Yuandi
Published: October 2021

Industrial wastewaters threatening the sustainability of society have increasingly become a key social issue across the globe. Consequently, countermeasures have been suggested across a broad range of research fields and policy cycles in both industrialized and industrializing countries. Thus, identifying factors that drive reductions in industrial wastewater discharge is a key task in the water research and policymaking fields. In contrast to previous studies that have focused on reducing industrial wastewater discharge through techniques, policy, management, and other tools, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of transport infrastructure development, particularly high-speed railways (HSR), on industrial sewage discharge. Given the rapid development of high-speed railways in China and the country’s severe water pollution, China was our research context, and our sample was 298 prefecture-level Chinese cities during the period 1999–2018. The empirical results show that cities with high-speed railways have greater reductions in industrial wastewaters, and that these effects are weakened in cities with a more developed economy and information environment. The results are consistent when using different methods to test their robustness, such as time-varying difference-in-difference (DID), instrumental variables, and placebo tests. These findings offer useful guidance for practitioners and policymakers in the management of water resources and the development of transport infrastructure in cities. These results contribute to the literature in the field of water management and to the assessment of the broader effect of high-speed railways.
Optimal Water-Fertilizer Combinations for Efficient Nitrogen Fixation by Sugarcane at Different Stages of Growth
Authors: Ma Zhanxia , Wu Weixiong , Alatalo Juha M. , Fu Wuxiang , Bai Yang
Published: October 2021

High fertilizer application and over-irrigation in sugarcane systems can cause considerable N2O emissions. Optimized water-fertilization management which reduces N2O emissions, while maintaining sugarcane biomass, is crucial, but may affect nitrogen fixation by sugarcane. This study evaluated the combined effect of water-fertilization on sugarcane biomass and nitrogen fixation in field trials in southern China. Treatments included drip and spray irrigation, with three levels (0% (low), 50% (medium), 100% (high)) of irrigation and of fertilizer. A rain-fed crop (no irrigation or fertilizer) was included as the control. The results showed that (1) spray irrigation with medium water and high fertilization increased biomass. The optimum combination in sugarcane elongation stage was drip irrigation with medium water and high fertilization, while drip irrigation with high water and high fertilization was the best choice for maturity stage. (2) For sugarcane nitrogen (δ15N) content, spray irrigation with medium water and high fertilization was the best combination in seedling and tillering stages. The optimum combination in the elongation stage was drip irrigation with medium water and high fertilization, and in maturity stage was drip irrigation with high water and high fertilization. (3) For soil (δ15N content), drip irrigation with high water and high fertilization proved optimal for seedling, tillering, and maturity stages. (4) In seedling stage, sugarcane (δ15N content) was found to be strongly correlated with leaf area index, soil water, soil temperature, and soil electrical conductivity. Soil (δ15N content) was correlated with photosynthesis and soil temperature. In conclusion, drip irrigation appears most suitable for field planting, while the best treatment in seedling and tillering stages is medium water-high fertilization, and that the best in elongation stage is high water-medium fertilization. The optimum water-fertilizer combinations identified here can provide a scientific basis for optimization and management of irrigation and fertilization in China and other regions with similar environments.
Synthesis and Characterization of a Nano-Adsorbent Derivative Derived from Grape Seeds for Cadmium Ion Removal in an Aqueous Solution
Authors: Mohammed Alaa Jasim , Ibrahim Mohd Hafiz , Zulkifli Syaizwan Zahmir , Salman Jasim Mohammed
Published: October 2021

Grape seeds were utilized as a source for nanoparticle adsorbents. The objective of this work was to prepare a nano adsorbent from grape seeds (GS) and FeCl2. The physical and chemical properties of grape seed ferrous oxide nanoparticles (GS-IONPs) were investigated. Batch adsorption was used to investigate the adsorption of cadmium from industrial water with different initial concentrations, solution pH and contact time. The adsorption isotherm data for Cd(II) on GS-IONPs were fitted to the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm models. The data fit the Langmuir model well, with a maximum cadmium uptake of 16.3 mg/g. It was found that %removal of cadmium decreased from 98.0% to 88.0% as the initial concentration increased. The results revealed that the prepared adsorbent was effective in Cd(II) removal.
Spatial Distributions of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Surface Sediments in Intertidal Flats of the Yellow River Delta, China
Authors: Fu Gang , Qi Yue , Li Junsheng , Zhao Caiyun , He Jing , Ma Yiwen , Zhu Jinfang
Published: October 2021

The spatial distributions of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in surface sediments are of great significance in studying the ecological process of nutrient cycling in intertidal flats. However, little is known about N and P’s spatial distribution in intertidal flats of the Yellow River Delta (YRD). We analyzed the N and P contents in surface sediments and Suaeda glauca density at the low-tidal level to identify the spatial distributions of nutrients and their influencing factors in coastal tidal flat sediments. The results showed that the total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations in this study were both lower than the background values of China’s shallow sea sediments. The spatial distributions of N and P had significantly spatial heterogeneity, while those of the nutrients at different distances from the low-tidal level to the coastline showed no significant distance effects. The spatial distribution of S. glauca in coastal tidal flats had significant location characteristics and was closely related to the distribution of TN and pH. The TN in non-estuarine intertidal flats was less than that in estuaries; in contrast, the TP was higher in non-estuaries. There are some differences of N and P between estuary and non-estuary areas.
Effects of Water Level Fluctuations on the Growth Characteristics and Community Succession of Submerged Macrophytes: A Case Study of Yilong Lake, China
Authors: Zhao Fengbin , Fang Xin , Zhao Zeyu , Chai Xiaoli
Published: October 2021

Water level fluctuation (WLF) has a significant effect on aquatic macrophytes, but few experimental studies have examined the effect of WLF on submerged community succession, especially from a large-scale perspective. In this study, field monitoring of WLF and submerged macrophytes was conducted in Yilong Lake (SE China) over two years, and the impacts of WLF on the growth characteristics and the community structure of submerged macrophytes were determined. The results show that the biomass of submerged macrophytes decreased significantly after the water level increased and submerged macrophytes could cope with the adverse environment by adjusting their growth posture, for example, increasing plant length and reducing branch number. However, different submerged plants have different regulatory abilities, which leads to a change in the community structure. Myriophyllum spicatum, Stuckenia pectinata, and Najas marina had better adaptation abilities to WLF than Najas minor and Utricularia vulgaris. Changes in water depth, dissolved oxygen, and transparency significantly contribute to the effect of WLF on submerged plant communities. Therefore, when determining the range of WLF, the above three critical factors and submerged plant species should be considered. WLF changed the spatial distribution of the aquatic plant community. When water levels rose, the density of the submerged macrophyte community in the original growth region reduced as the emergent plants migrated to shallower water, and the seed bank germination was aided by transparent water produced among emergent plants. This can be used as a pioneering measure to restore submerged plants in eutrophic lakes with low transparency. In addition, a suitable water depth created by WLF was conducive to activating the seed bank and improving the diversity of aquatic plants. Finally, a distribution map of aquatic plants in Yilong Lake is drawn.
Analysis of Basin Morphologic Characteristics and Their Influence on the Water Yield of Mountain Watersheds Upstream of the Xiongan New Area, North China
Authors: Yang Hui , Cao Jiansheng
Published: October 2021

In this study, based on the DEM, we extracted the drainage networks and watersheds of the Daqing River with ArcGIS, investigated the basin characteristics and the differences in their spatial distributions and analyzed the relations of the drainage density with some surface conditions and how the drainage density influenced the water yield. The results suggested a power function between the mainstream length and drainage area, showing that with the increase in basin area, the basins became longer. The result of the power function between the relief and drainage area with negative exponent values means the relief changed more slowly with increasing basin area. The values of the circularity ratio and elongation ratio indicate that the basin shape of the mountain watersheds in the Daqing River was narrow and predisposed to flooding during periods of heavy rainfall. The orders of the streams in the mountain watersheds ranged from five to seven. The average bifurcation ratio of those nine mountainous watersheds reveals the order of the u + 1 rivers in each basin of the Daqing River was on average 4 times larger than that of order u rivers. The drainage density (Dd) was high in the north and low in the south of the Daqing River. Rainfall was negatively correlated with drainage density, but the correlation between them was not significant at the 0.05 level. Drainages developed in places with poor vegetation cover. The drainages in the southwest, north and west developed considerably, while drainages in the east and southeast did not develop much. Yet, the available data showed the impact of the watershed area, elongation ratio and drainage density on the water yield was not significant. In contrast, there was a significant positive correlation between channel slope and the water yield modulus. The hypsometric integrals and the relation between drainage density and hypsometric integral suggest that the landform evolution of the mountain basins along the Daqing River were in the old stage with no further increase trend of drainage density in the future.
Development and Evaluation of a Chinook Salmon Smolt Swimming Behavior Model
Authors: Gross Edward S. , Holleman Rusty C. , Thomas Michael J. , Fangue Nann A. , Rypel Andrew L.
Published: October 2021

Hydrologic currents and swimming behavior influence routing and survival of emigrating Chinook salmon in branched migratory corridors. Behavioral particle-tracking models (PTM) of Chinook salmon can estimate migration paths of salmon using the combination of hydrodynamic velocity and swimming behavior. To test our hypotheses of the importance of management, models can simulate historical conditions and alternative management scenarios such as flow manipulation and modification of channel geometry. Swimming behaviors in these models are often specified to match aggregated observed properties such as transit time estimated from acoustic telemetry data. In our study, we estimate swimming behaviors at 5 s intervals directly from acoustic telemetry data and concurrent high-resolution three-dimensional hydrodynamic model results at the junction of the San Joaquin River and Old River in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California. We use the swimming speed dataset to specify a stochastic swimming behavior consistent with observations of instantaneous swimming. We then evaluate the effect of individual components of the swimming formulation on predicted route selection and the consistency with observed route selection. The PTM predicted route selection fractions are similar among passive and active swimming behaviors for most tags, but the observed route selection for some tags would be unlikely under passive behavior leading to the conclusion that active swimming behavior influenced the route selection of several tagged smolts.
Macrophyte Diversity as a Response to Extreme Conditions in the Post-Mining Lakes of the Muskau Arch (West Poland)
Authors: Oszkinis-Golon Małgorzata , Frankowski Marcin , Pukacz Andrzej
Published: October 2021

The pit lakes localized in the eastern part of the Muskau Arch (Western Poland) developed as a result of lignite mining at the turn of the 20th century. The formation of the lakes varied over time and was determined by many hydrogeochemical and biological factors, which resulted in very diverse ecosystems. Thirty of these lakes were studied in the vegetation seasons of 2016 and 2017. The aim of the study was to identify the main factors influencing the diversity of macrophyte vegetation growing under very extreme and diversified habitat conditions. Therefore, in each lake the numbers of macrophyte species and communities were determined, and the water was characterized by 26 physico-chemical parameters and Chl a. Additionally, the genesis, age, area and maximum depth of each lake was determined. The results showed high diversity of habitat conditions. Based on the physical and chemical water properties, four different clusters of lakes were distinguished. The multiple statistical comparisons showed that the main factors responsible for lake differentiation were pH, water mineralization and to a lesser extent, nutrient concentration and water transparency. The physico-chemical differentiation was reflected in the significant differences in the number of species, number of communities, maximum vegetation extent and amount of chlorophyll-a per lake. The correlational analyses confirmed significant relationships between habitat conditions and macrophyte flora diversity in the lakes. Some macrophyte species were found in very extreme environments not previously reported in the literature. Our results showed that in addition to natural processes affecting species diversity in the lakes, the negative impact of anthropogenic pressures (neutralization and fertilization of the water), which leads to the degradation of their unique character, is also an important factor.
Nitrate Removal from Actual Wastewater by Coupling Sulfur-Based Autotrophic and Heterotrophic Denitrification under Different Influent Concentrations
Authors: Liu Feng , Wang Suqin , Zhang Xuezhi , Qian Feiyue , Wang Yaobing , Yin Yao
Published: October 2021

Contamination of wastewater with organic-limited nitrates has become an urgent problem in wastewater treatment. The cooperating heterotrophic with sulfur autotrophic denitrification is an alternative process and the efficiency has been assessed in many studies treating simulated wastewater under different operating conditions. However, due to the complex and diverse nature of actual wastewater, more studies treating actual wastewater are still needed to evaluate the feasibility of collaborative denitrification. In this study, lab-scale experiments were performed with actual nitrate polluted water of two different concentrations, with glucose and sodium thiosulfate introduced as mixed electron donors in the coupling sulfur-based autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrification. Results showed that the optimum denitrification performance was exhibited when the influent substrate mass ratio of C/N/S was 1.3/1/1.9, with a maximum denitrification rate of 3.52 kg NO3−-N/(m3 day) and nitrate removal efficiency of 93% in the coupled systems. Illumina high-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that autotrophic, facultative, and heterotrophic bacteria jointly contributed to high nitrogen removal efficiency. The autotrophic denitrification maintained as the predominant process, while the second most prevalent denitrification process gradually changed from heterotrophic to facultative with the increase of influent concentration at optimum C/N/S ratio conditions. Furthermore, the initiation of dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) was very pivotal in promoting the entire denitrification process. These results suggested that sulfur-based autotrophic coupled with heterotrophic denitrifying process is an alternative and promising method to treat nitrate containing wastewater.
Has Third-Party Monitoring Improved Water Pollution Data Quality? Evidence from National Surface Water Assessment Sections in China
Authors: Zhao Liange , Hong Mengyao , Wang Xueyuan
Published: October 2021

In China, the central government assesses local governments based on data monitored and reported by local agencies, and the accuracy of local statistics has been controversial. In order to further guarantee the authenticity and reliability of surface water monitoring data, the central government will gradually withdraw the local monitoring powers of the national surface water assessment section and implement third-party monitoring to achieve “national assessment and national monitoring.” This paper is based on the time-point water data of important national water quality automatic monitoring stations from 2015 to 2020, using the McCrary (2008) density test to infer possible data manipulation phenomena, and analyze whether third-party monitoring has improved the accuracy of China’s environmental data. The results of the study show that between 2015 and 2020, the observed 81 monitoring sites had varying degrees of data discontinuity. The discontinuity of the data after third-party monitoring was reduced in dissolved oxygen (DO) measurement, an important indicator in the assessment, implying that third-party monitoring has improved the quality of water environment data and the accuracy of the data. The research in this article provides a reference for third-party participation in environmental governance and proves that the participation of these organizations can reduce data manipulation behaviors of local governments and ensure the effectiveness of environmental data.
Discharge and Temperature Controls of Dissolved Organic Matter (DOM) in a Forested Coastal Plain Stream
Authors: Lu Yuehan , Shang Peng , Chen Shuo , Du Yingxun , Bonizzoni Marco , Ward Amelia K.
Published: October 2021

Streams in the southeastern United States Coastal Plains serve as an essential source of energy and nutrients for important estuarine ecosystems, and dissolved organic matter (DOM) exported from these streams can have profound impacts on the biogeochemical and ecological functions of fluvial networks. Here, we examined hydrological and temperature controls of DOM during low-flow periods from a forested stream located within the Coastal Plain physiographic region of Alabama, USA. We analyzed DOM via combining dissolved organic carbon (DOC) analysis, fluorescence excitation–emission matrix combined with parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC), and microbial degradation experiments. Four fluorescence components were identified: terrestrial humic-like DOM, microbial humic-like DOM, tyrosine-like DOM, and tryptophan-like DOM. Humic-like DOM accounted for ~70% of total fluorescence, and biodegradation experiments showed that it was less bioreactive than protein-like DOM that accounted for ~30% of total fluorescence. This observation indicates fluorescent DOM (FDOM) was controlled primarily by soil inputs and not substantially influenced by instream production and processing, suggesting that the bulk of FDOM in these streams is transported to downstream environments with limited in situ modification. Linear regression and redundancy analysis models identified that the seasonal variations in DOM were dictated primarily by hydrology and temperature. Overall, high discharge and shallow flow paths led to the enrichment of less-degraded DOM with higher percentages of microbial humic-like and tyrosine-like compounds, whereas high temperatures favored the accumulation of high-aromaticity, high-molecular-weight, terrestrial, humic-like compounds in stream water. The flux of DOC and four fluorescence components was driven primarily by water discharge. Thus, the instantaneous exports of both refractory humic-like DOM and reactive protein-like DOM were higher in wetter seasons (winter and spring). As high temperatures and severe precipitation are projected to become more prominent in the southeastern U.S. due to climate change, our findings have important implications for future changes in the amount, source, and composition of DOM in Coastal Plain streams and the associated impacts on downstream carbon and nutrient supplies and water quality.
Study on the Bathroom Space and the Application of Same-Floor Drainage in Congregate Housing
Authors: Liao Wan-Ju , Cheng Cheng-Li , Lee Chao-Jung
Published: October 2021

There are no regulations in Taiwan that clearly forbid the current practice of configuring a pipeline that passes through the floor of a condo to reach the ceiling of another condo downstairs with different ownership, giving rise to potential disputes during pipeline maintenance. In Japan and China, the regulations for water supply and the drainage system strictly forbid the installation of drainage pipes that pass through the floor of a condo to reach the ceiling of another condo downstairs. In this study, life cycle cost analysis was adopted to investigate the traditional piping system as well as the same-floor drainage system, including the descended floor piping system, the raised floor piping system and a pre-wall piping system. According to the results of the life cycle cost and benefit analysis for pipeline renewal and maintenance, and taking into account the overall pipeline construction cost, although adoption of the same-floor drainage system increases the total cost by about 0.3–2.7%, it shows benefits in terms of pipeline maintenance and construction time. From the perspective of property management, if the same-floor drainage system can be implemented in the initial design stage, operation and management related issues can be minimized to reduce both pipeline maintenance and management costs, achieving the best performance in sustainable construction and maintenance.
The Impact of Rainfall Movement Direction on Urban Runoff Cannot Be Ignored in Urban Hydrologic Management
Authors: Liu Yesen , Huang Yaohuan , Liu Yuanyuan , Li Kuang , Li Min
Published: October 2021

Urban floods have been exacerbated globally, associated with increasing spatial-temporal variations in rainfall. However, compared with rainfall variabilities of intensity and duration, the effect of rainfall movement direction is always ignored. Based on 1313 rainfall scenarios with different combinations of rainfall intensity and rainfall movement direction in the typically rainy city of Shenzhen in China, we find that the effect of rainfall movement direction on the peak runoff may reach up to 20%, which will decrease to less than 5% under heavy rainfall intensity conditions. In addition, our results show that the impact of rainfall movement direction is almost symmetrical and is associated with the direction of the river. The closer rainfall movement direction is to the Linear Directional Mean of rivers, the larger is the peak runoff of section. Our results reveal that rainfall movement direction is significant to urban peak runoff in the downstream reaches, which should be considered in urban hydrological analysis.
A Leak Zone Location Approach in Water Distribution Networks Combining Data-Driven and Model-Based Methods
Authors: Ares-Milián Marlon Jesús , Quiñones-Grueiro Marcos , Verde Cristina , Llanes-Santiago Orestes
Published: October 2021

Model-based and data-driven methods are commonly used in leak location strategies in water distribution networks. This paper formulates a hybrid methodology in two stages that complements the advantages and disadvantages of data-driven and model-based strategies. In the first stage, a support vector machine multiclass classifier is used to reduce the search space for the leak location task. In the second stage, leak location task is formulated as an inverse problem, and solved using a variation of the differential evolution algorithm called topological differential evolution. The robustness of the method is tested considering measurement and varying demand uncertainty conditions ranging from 5 to 15% of node nominal demands. The performance of the hybrid method is compared to the support vector machine classifier and topological differential evolution approaches as standalone methods of leak location. The hybrid proposal shows higher performance in terms of location accuracy, zone size, and computational load.
Variation of Li Diffusion Coefficient during Delithiation of Spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4
Authors: Rahim Ahmad Syahmi Abdul , Kufian Mohd Zieauddin , Arof Abdul Kariem Mohd , Osman Zurina
Published: October 2021

For this study, the sol gel method was used to synthesize the spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) electrode material. Structural, morphological, electrochemical, and kinetic aspects of the LNMO have been characterized. The synthesized LNMO was indexed with the Fd3̄m cubic space group. The excellent capacity retention indicates that the spinel framework of LNMO has the ability to withstand high rate charge-discharge throughout long cycle tests. The Li diffusion coefficient (DLi) changes non-monotonically across three orders of magnitude, from 10−9 to 10−12 cm2 s−1 determined from GITT method. The variation of DLi seemed to be related to three oxidation reactions that happened throughout the charging process. A small dip in DLi at the beginning stage of Li deintercalation is correlated with the oxidation of Mn3+ to Mn4+. While two pronounced DLi minima at 4.7 V and 4.75 V are due to the oxidation of Ni2+/Ni3+ and Ni3+/Ni4+ respectively. The depletion of DLi at the high voltage region is attributed to the occurrence of two successive phase transformation phenomena.
Principles and Applications of Galvanostatic Intermittent Titration Technique for Lithium-ion Batteries
Authors: Kim Jaeyoung , Park Sangbin , Hwang Sunhyun , Yoon Won-Sub
Published: October 2021

Lithium-ion battery development is one of the most active contemporary research areas, gaining more attention in recent times, following the increasing importance of energy storage technology. The galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT) has become a crucial method among various electrochemical analyses for battery research. During one titration step in GITT, which consists of a constant current pulse followed by a relaxation period, transient and steady-state voltage changes were measured. It draws both thermodynamic and kinetic parameters. The diffusion coefficients of the lithium ion, open-circuit voltages, and overpotentials at various states of charge can be deduced by a series of titration steps. This minireview details the theoretical and practical aspects of GITT analysis, from the measurement method to the derivation of the diffusivity equation for research cases according to the specific experimental purpose. This will shed light on a better understanding of electrochemical reactions and provide insight into the methods for improving lithium-ion battery performance.
Reforming the attributes of process management of economic systems of the «organization» type
Authors: Gerasimov Boris Nikiforovich
Published: October 2021

The study and determination of the composition of the attributes of the activity of economic systems of the «organization» type made it possible to identify contradictions, incompleteness and unreliability in existing resources, evaluation tools and methodological tools of process management. The composition and content of the model of reforming the activities of existing sub-processes of the organization, which are the key structural units of object management systems in social and economic environments, are described. The presented research materials, identification and completion of the missing elements of the attributes of the key subprocess of managing the assessment of specialists within the framework of the personnel management process of a basic organization for the subsequent output to a new level of the quality of testing of specialists and their effective use in the organization's activities.
Standardization of trade regulation in the context of digitalization of the economy
Authors: Cheglov Vyacheslav Petrovich , Stolyarova Anna Nikolaevna , Tkach Alexander Nikolaevich
Published: October 2021

The article deals with the problem of regulating relations between trade and producers of goods in a new plane, in the actively emerging online segment of the consumer market. The authors consider the transformation processes in domestic trade, the digitalization of the consumer market in the conditions of a permanent crisis in the economy, lockdowns, the isolation of the country in the system of international coordinates, the rejection of the free movement of people and resources. They analyze the first results of switching manufacturers of goods and wholesale suppliers from retail chains, as a priority channel of goods movement, to an online channel, new forms and technologies associated with it. They explore the prospects for the development of relations between small and medium-sized manufacturing businesses with a new form of market sales, which today includes marketplaces. They prove that the problems of manufacturers accumulated in relations with retail chains do not disappear anywhere, but only multiply and intensify. The authors substantiate the need to extend trade regulation tools to the sphere of online sales, intermediary operations in this segment, create standard conditions for manufacturers to access these product promotion resources, and distribute measures to protect the interests of small and medium-sized businesses. They analyze the existing regulatory mechanisms and the possibilities of their application in the online sphere. They offer directions for improving the current legislation.
On increasing the degree of progressiveness of the income tax in Russia
Authors: Tskhovrebov Mels Pavlovich
Published: October 2021

Income tax fulfills not only fiscal, but also social and regulatory function in the economy. Currently, the main burden of paying income tax in Russia is borne by workers with low and middle incomes. In order to increase the social function of the income tax, it is necessary to continue reforming it in order to achieve greater progressiveness. The overall progressiveness of income tax depends on the structure of all tax categories, exemptions and deductions, and not only on the difference between the maximum and minimum rates. As shown in the article, Russian tax legislation does not provide for a lower income threshold that is exempt from income tax, and the amount of tax deductions for children does not provide meaningful support to families. When changing the parameters of income tax, an integrated approach is important, taking into account the possible consequences in the form of a drop in income of regions especially sensitive to this type of tax.
Complicações da Derivação Ventrículo-Peritoneal em Pacientes Pediátricos
Authors: Muller da Cunha Marianne , Colecha Lais Vanessa , Rafagnin Luiza Garcia , Moraes Vinicius Tibes de , Miyazaki Renan Sugisawa
Published: October 2021

Introdução. A hidrocefalia é uma afecção caracterizada pelo excesso de líquido cefalorraquidiano e apresenta a derivação ventrículo-peritoneal (DVP) como uma das principais abordagens terapêuticas definitivas. Objetivo. Identificar as principais complicações deste procedimento. Método. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, retrospectivo e quantitativo que analisou prontuários de 102 pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de derivação ventrículo-peritoneal para correção de hidrocefalia em um Hospital Pediátrico Terciário de Curitiba–PR, a fim de registrar as variáveis contidas no instrumento de pesquisa criado pelas pesquisadoras. Resultados. As etiologias de hidrocefalia mais incidentes foram neoplasia do sistema nervoso central, seguido da prematuridade e mielomeningocele. Grande parte dos pacientes apresentaram complicações após colocação de DVP (63%), e dentre as principais pode-se citar a disfunção valvular, infecção e hiponatremia, as quais condizem com os dados presentes na literatura. O tempo médio de internamento de aproximadamente 1 mês após a primeira DVP corresponde às informações reveladas na bibliografia utilizada. Apesar da maioria das crianças com alguma complicação precisar de troca do sistema valvular (54%) no presente estudo (taxa maior do que a encontrada nos demais trabalhos), o índice de óbito demonstrou-se menor do que o registrado em outros publicações. Conclusão. Conclui-se que embora a derivação ventrículo-peritoneal seja, na maioria das vezes, a escolha principal de tratamento da hidrocefalia, ela ainda é acompanhada de altas taxas de complicações.
New data on the Late Roman Cemetery (4th–5th centuries AD) from the Extra Muros Basilica at Histria: burial and reburial of two young people
Authors: Dabîca Mircea , Pavel Cătălin , Soficaru Andrei
Published: October 2021

This study presents an atypical burial from the Late Roman cemetery at Histria. During previous archaeological excavations at the same site and the Scythia Province, no such discoveries were identified. This case consists of a burial in a simple pit with coffin and ordinary inventory, and an atypical re-inhumation which disturbed the first skeleton. The anthropological analysis identified two individuals under 20 years old, who displayed musculo-skeletal markers of physical activity. This feature is less common for this age category.
Analiza antropologică a resturilor scheletice descoperite în pronaosul bisericii „Adormirea Maicii Domnului” – Strâmbeanu din Pitaru (com. Potlogi, jud. Dâmbovița) / The anthropological analysis of the skeletal remains discovered in the narthex of the “Dormition of the Virgin” – Strâmbeanu Church in Pitaru (Potlogi comm., Dâmbovița County)
Authors: Vasile Gabriel
Published: October 2021

Preventive archaeological research at the “ Dormition of the Virgin” – Strâmbeanu Church in Pitaru (dated to the 18th century) revealed, in addition to the archaeological material specific to the Middle Ages, the existence of seven inhumation tombs. The graves were identified in the narthex of the church. Most of them certainly belong to the Strâmbeanu family, a fact justified both by the votive painting, also represented in the narthex, in which the faces of the founding family members are present, and, especially, by two seal rings with the insignia of the founders’ family. The anthropological analysis showed that the skeletal remains came from a minimum number of 17 individuals (10 subadults and seven adults – five females and one male), the likely result of disturbances and reburials carried out in a relatively limited space. The large number of deaths among the subadults has been attributed to diseases that lead to a deficiency in vitamins (A, B6, B9, B12, C, D) and minerals (Fe), essential for the growth and development of the body.
KATEKESE PENGHAYATAN EKARISTI DALAM TRADISI KENDURI UMAT PAROKI MARIA RATU DAMAI PURWOREJO MALANG: ANALISIS SHARED PRAXIS APPROACH MENURUT THOMAS H. GROOME
Authors: Sumaryanto Thomas Onggo , Firmanto Antonius Denny
Published: October 2021

This study focuses on the implementation of the Eucharistic appreciation catechesis in the tradition of kenduri by the Parish of Maria Ratu Damai Purworejo Malang. This research method is qualitative with a critical analysis approach. Researchers will use data from pastoral year reports which are the result of direct observation. The formulation of the problem to be answered is how the implementation of catechesis through kenduri in the light of the shared praxis approach according to Groome. Researchers found that the tradition of kenduri carried out by the parishioners of Maria Ratu Damai is indirectly a catechesis of the Eucharistic appreciation. Catechesis is carried out using symbols. The praxis dimension is very visible in the ujub-ujub (prayer) that the leader makes. However, the share dimension is still not strong enough. Therefore, the researcher provides a suggestion to carry out a deepening of faith with a shared praxis approach to strengthen the share dimension.
FREDERIC OZANAM TOKOH GEREJA KONTEKSTUAL (FREDERIC OZANAM SEBAGAI MODEL PELAYANAN KAUM MUDA AWAM DALAM GEREJA KONTEKSTUAL)
Authors: Nugroho Ambrosius Gerin , Firmanto Antonius Denny , Aluwesia Nanik Wijiyati
Published: October 2021

The church is essentially open. An open church is a church that is able to move contextually in the midst of the world. The contextual church is manifested in a ministry driven by a holy figure in the Church, namely Frederic Ozanam. Frederic Ozanam who is known as a student has great concern for those who are poor and need a helping hand. Through this spirit of service, a small union was born which of course has the intention of helping the poor. That union was the Vincentian Social Union (SSV). The whole work of God's salvation that is present through Frederic Ozanam makes it a model of service for all the young people of the Church. This is because Frederic Ozanam himself is still very young. Young people are certainly the pillars of the life of the Church. This spirit is certainly strengthened by the Church's view which believes that the youth of the Church are the foundation and reformer of the contextual Church's life.
KEHADIRAN GEREJA DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 BAGI KEHIDUPAN BERIMAN MAHASISWA RANTAU DI MALANG (DALAM TERANG LUMEN GENTIUN ART. 13)
Authors: Taroreh Tomy , Firmanto Antonius Denny , Aluwesia Nanik Wijiyati
Published: October 2021

The church is called catholic because it is open and intended for anyone. The presence of the Church during the Covid-19 Pandemic should really be felt in the life of faith, especially for Catholic students who have migrated to Malang. The church must not shut down and avoid the needs of God's people, despite the compelling circumstances of the era. The church must be committed to God's mission in a creative way, which is to spread the gospel throughout the world. In research on the presence of the church in the pandemic time Covid-19 for belief life, overseas catholic students in Malang will use the questionnaire method to obtain data. The questionnaire is for Catholic students who have migrated to Malang. The results of the study showed that most of the Catholic students understand about the Corona Virus Pandemic and most of them live in rented houses. The church still feels that it continues to try to greet them even though the situation is not supportive, even for students who migrate to Malang. Students actually feel a sense of abandonment because of a pandemic that never ends and which causes church life to not return to normal soon.
Digital forensics in the context of cloud computing data storage services
Authors: Olber Paweł
Published: October 2021

The role and capabilities of digital forensics in the cloud computing environment still remain an unsolved and insufficiently explored scientific area. The growing popularity of cloud-based data storage services makes recovery of evidence on the Internet a major challenge for forensic IT exminers. Existing legal barriers in most cases prevent direct access to cloud stored resources for the purpose of recovering data. In many situations, assistance from foreign law enforcement and judicial authorities is required. Findings made during forensic IT analysis that allow reconstructing user’s activities and indicate the act of taking advantage of cloud computing data storage is a justification for undertaking international cooperation. Therefore, it is important to know potential sources of information that enable the reconstruction of the activity of the user in cloud computing services, as well as the awareness of the current state of knowledge and scientific research in this field.
Pembentukan Harga Cabai Merah Keriting Secara Teoritis Dan Empiris
Authors: Sukmawati Dety , Dasipah Euis
Published: October 2021

High demand for curly red chilies will cause prices to rise while production cannot fulfill consumer desires. This situation was caused by an imbalance of supply-demand, where the supply-demand imbalance can be caused by several changes such as changes in production technology, population growth or number of consumers, changes in income levels per capita and season (., Asriani, and Rasyid 2012). Research data as research subjects were 1) Price time series data, curly red chili production at production centers 2) Supply data of curly red chilies from Cikajang Garut Regency, Caringin Central Market, Gedebage Main Market and Kramat Jati Central Market, 3) Time series data price, production, supply, government policies and supporting data from the West Java Food Crops Agriculture Office, and related agencies. The data used were time series data and supporting data from: Price information centers in production centers, main markets and price information at the West Java Food Crops Agricultural Service, for each marketing agency data was carried out by tracing the marketing chain. The research analysis was carried out in several ways, namely theoretically and empirically at the production center and the wholesale market described descriptively. Theoretical price formation can be explained that prices was formed based on supply and demand. Prices derived from price formation can come from the District or Provincial Agriculture Office and be informed from the Commodity Price Information Center in production centers and forwarded to farmers, dealers, traders and wholesale markets. Price information can be conveyed to between market players, so that farmers and market players know your margin and profit. Empirically, it can be seen that price formation in production centers was not seen to be formed from supply and demand. The price in the wholesale market is the price determined by market players in the wholesale market based on the amount of supply entering the main market and price information between the parent markets. The information center at PIKJ does not have production data from production centers so that when the price hike occurs, the version of the Ministry of Agriculture is imports of chilies ("specifically for curly red chilies, there are no imports"). Imports indicate that the production / supply decreases without knowing the actual amount of production, in this case the price information speed was faster than the production data that was informed per year so that prices in farmers still do not increase, meaning that farmers do not enjoy price increases, in this case it can be said that market mechanism was not working well.
Terapia Assistida por Animais: relato das atividades com idosos do Projeto Cão-Cidadão-Unesp.
Authors: Da Silva Natália Canevassi , Pinho Renata Haddad , Lucas Flávia de Almeida , Souza Oliva Valéria Nobre Leal de
Published: October 2021

Relata-se a experiência do projeto Cão-Cidadão-Unesp demonstrando os benefícios alcançados por meio da Terapia Assistida por Animais (TAA) em idosos institucionalizados na cidade de cidade de Araçatuba, São Paulo. O projeto atua em tal instituição há oito anos e o presente relato refere-se às observações realizadas durante o ano de 2014. Pode-se perceber que a presença dos cães contribuiu para uma maior qualidade de vida dos idosos.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.35700/ca.2016.ano3n4.p128-131.1821
Peran Pesantren Modern dalam Pembentukan Karakter Kepemimpinan Santri
Authors: Katon Gusti , Diany Saivy Ilma , Sulistyono Ro'id Naufal , Bachruddin Firman , Fatmawati
Published: October 2021

Artikel ini hendak melihat cara bagaimana peran dari pesantren modern dalam membentuk karakter kepemimpinan santri-santrinya. Seperti diketahui banyak lembaga-lembaga pendidikan di Indonesia khususnya pondok pesantren modern memiliki strategi sendiri dalam membentuk karakter kepemimpinan santrinya. Pembentukan karakter santri ini nantinya akan berdampak pada alumni yg dihasilkan. Banyak alumni dari pesantren modern yang menjadi seorang pemimpin yang berkarakter yang telah memberikan banyak manfaat serta kontribusi pada masyarakat. Sehingga kami tergerak untuk menulis artikel ini untuk ingin mengetahui lebih dalam terkait bagaimana pesantren modern dalam membentuk karakter kepemimpinan santri. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kajian literatur (pustaka) terhadap sumber-sumber yang relevan terkait judul mengenai “Peran Pesantren Modern dalam Pembentukan Karakter Kepemimpinan Santri”. Demi terbentuknya pemimpin yang berkarakter, pesantren modern bukan hanya me-manage, teach dan lead secara parsial. Melainkan total mendidikkan kehidupan secara utuh dan melibatkan dirinya dengan berbekal iman, ilmu, amal, akhlaq, komunikasi/interaksi dan mental yang tangguh. Sehingga terlahir pemimpin yang harus menguasai permasalahan, selalu banyak mengambil inisiatif, tidak menunggu diperintah, mampu menciptakan pekerjaan dan tidak mencari pekerjaan.
Kata kunci: karakter kepemimpinan, pesantren modern, santri
 Abstract
This article is about to see how the role of modern pesantren in shaping the character of Santri-santrinya leadership. As many institutions in Indonesia are known, especially modern boarding schools have their own strategy in shaping the character of its Santrinya leadership. The creation of the students will later impact on the alumni who produced. Many alumni of modern pesantren have become a character leader who has given many benefits and contributions to the community. So we are moved to write this article to want to know more in the related how modern pesantren in shaping the character of students leadership. This study used the literature study method (libraries) on relevant sources related to the title of the role of Modern Pesantren in the formation of the character of the leadership of Santri. For the sake of the creation of character leaders, modern pesantren not only manage, teach and lead in a partial manner. Malainkan total lives the whole life and involves itself armed with faith, science, charity, Akhlaq, communication/interaction and a tough mental. So born leaders who have to master the problem, always many take the initiative, do not wait to be ruled, able to create jobs and do not find a job.