bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Seeded Bone Biomaterial Directs Fast and Superior Mandibular Bone Augmentation in Rats
Authors: Deluiz Daniel , Delcroix Gaëtan J.-R. , D’Ippolito Gianluca , Grau-Monge Cristina , Bonnin-Marquez Andrea , Reiner Teresita , Tinoco Eduardo M. B. , Amadeu Thaís , Pires Fabio R. , Schiller Paul C.
Published: August 2019

Atrophic maxillary ridges present a challenge in the field of oral implantology. Autologous bone is still considered the gold standard grafting material, but the increased morbidity and surgical complications represent a major drawback for its use. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of an off-the-shelf cell-seeded bone biomaterial for mandibular bone augmentation, compared to its acellular counterpart. We used a rat model to test the osteogenic properties of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs)-seeded bone microparticles compared to acellular bone microparticles alone. Rats were euthanized at 4 and 8 weeks, and results analyzed using micro-CT imaging, histology (H&E, Masson’s Trichrome), histomorphometry and immunohistology (Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase-TRAP, Osteocalcin and human specific anti-mitochondria antibodies). Micro-CT analysis demonstrated that the cell-seeded biomaterial achieved significantly more bone volume formation at 4 weeks (22.75 ± 2.25 mm3 vs 12.34 ± 2.91 mm3, p = 0.016) and at 8 weeks (64.95 ± 5.41 mm3 vs 42.73 ± 10.58 mm3, p = 0.029), compared to the acellular bone microparticles. Histology confirmed that the cell-seeded biomaterial was almost completely substituted at 8 weeks, in opposition to the acellular biomaterial group. Immunohistochemical analysis showed a significantly higher number of TRAP and Osteocalcin positive cells at 4 weeks in the cell-seeded group compared to the acellular group, thereby demonstrating a higher rate of bone remodeling in the presence of MSCs. The grafted human cells remained viable and were detected up to at least 8 weeks, as observed using the human specific anti-mitochondria antibody. This off-the-shelf material available in unlimited quantities could therefore represent a significant advance in the field of mandibular bone augmentation by providing a larger volume of new bone formation in a shorter time.
Artificial intelligence predicts the progression of diabetic kidney disease using big data machine learning
Authors: Makino Masaki , Yoshimoto Ryo , Ono Masaki , Itoko Toshinari , Katsuki Takayuki , Koseki Akira , Kudo Michiharu , Haida Kyoichi , Kuroda Jun , Yanagiya Ryosuke , Saitoh Eiichi , Hoshinaga Kiyotaka , Yuzawa Yukio , Suzuki Atsushi
Published: August 2019

Artificial intelligence (AI) is expected to support clinical judgement in medicine. We constructed a new predictive model for diabetic kidney diseases (DKD) using AI, processing natural language and longitudinal data with big data machine learning, based on the electronic medical records (EMR) of 64,059 diabetes patients. AI extracted raw features from the previous 6 months as the reference period and selected 24 factors to find time series patterns relating to 6-month DKD aggravation, using a convolutional autoencoder. AI constructed the predictive model with 3,073 features, including time series data using logistic regression analysis. AI could predict DKD aggravation with 71% accuracy. Furthermore, the group with DKD aggravation had a significantly higher incidence of hemodialysis than the non-aggravation group, over 10 years (N = 2,900). The new predictive model by AI could detect progression of DKD and may contribute to more effective and accurate intervention to reduce hemodialysis.
Hadron production models’ prediction for pT distribution of charged hadrons in pp interactions at 7 TeV
Authors: Ullah S. , Ajaz M. , Wazir Z. , Ali Y. , Khan K. H. , Younis H.
Published: August 2019

The yield of transverse momentum (pT) spectra of integrated hadrons and their ratios produced in pp collisions at 7 TeV are reported using DPMJET-III, EPOS1.99, EPOS-LHC, HIJING1.383, QGSJETII-04, and Sibyll2.3c models. The models’ predictions are compared with the ALICE measurements obtained at mid rapidity and in the pT range from 0.3–6 GeV/c, 0.2–6 GeV/c, and 0.1–3 GeV/c for protons, kaons and pions respectively. Compared to the experimental data, the EPOS1.99 and EPOS-LHC models predict the yield of pion very well while reproducing yields of kaon and proton at low pT only. The DPMJET-III model predicts the yield of pions, kaons and protons only at intermediate value of pT. The HIJING and Sibyll models describe the integrated yield of pion well at high pT only. The QGSJETII model predicts the yield of kaon for almost the whole pT range. EPOS1.99 and Sibyll models reproduce excellent prediction of the K/π ratio over the entire range of pT whereas the EPOS-LHC, HIJING and DPMJET models underpredict with increasing order of discrepancy respectively. The EPOS1.99, EPOS-LHC, and Sibyll models predict the p/π ratio for low values of pT, but overpredict at high values, while the DPMJET-III and HIJING models underpredict over the entire range of pT. Although the models’ predictions are mostly consistent with the ALICE measurements but none of the models completely describe the entire distribution for the integrated yield of hadron and their ratios.
Postovulatory ageing modifies sperm-induced Ca2+ oscillations in mouse oocytes through a conditions-dependent, multi-pathway mechanism
Authors: Szpila Marcin , Walewska Agnieszka , Sabat-Pośpiech Dorota , Strączyńska Patrycja , Ishikawa Takao , Milewski Robert , Szczepańska Katarzyna , Ajduk Anna
Published: August 2019

Postovulatory ageing of mammalian oocytes occurs between their ovulation and fertilization and has been shown to decrease their developmental capabilities. Aged oocytes display numerous abnormalities, including altered Ca2+ signalling. Fertilization-induced Ca2+ oscillations are essential for activation of the embryonic development, therefore maintaining proper Ca2+ homeostasis is crucial for the oocyte quality. In the present paper, we show that the mechanism underlying age-dependent alterations in the pattern of sperm-triggered Ca2+ oscillations is more complex and multifaceted than previously believed. Using time-lapse imaging accompanied by immunostaining and molecular analyses, we found that postovulatory ageing affects the amount of Ca2+ stored in the cell, expression of Ca2+ pump SERCA2, amount of available ATP and distribution of endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria in a manner often strongly depending on ageing conditions (in vitro vs. in vivo). Importantly, those changes do not have to be caused by oxidative stress, usually linked with the ageing process, as they occur even if the amount of reactive oxygen species remains low. Instead, our results suggest that aberrations in Ca2+ signalling may be a synergistic result of ageing-related alterations of the cell cycle, cytoskeleton, and mitochondrial functionality.
Carbon assimilation profiles of mucoralean fungi show their metabolic versatility
Authors: Pawłowska Julia , Okrasińska Alicja , Kisło Kamil , Aleksandrzak-Piekarczyk Tamara , Szatraj Katarzyna , Dolatabadi Somayeh , Muszewska Anna
Published: August 2019

Most mucoralean fungi are common soil saprotrophs and were probably among the first land colonisers. Although Mucoromycotina representatives grow well on simple sugar media and are thought to be unable to assimilate more complex organic compounds, they are often isolated from plant substrates. The main goal of the study was to explore the effects of isolation origin and phylogenetic placement on the carbon assimilation capacities of a large group of saprotrophic Mucoromycotina representatives (i.e. Umbelopsidales and Mucorales). Fifty two strains representing different Mucoromycotina families and isolated from different substrates were tested for their capacity to grow on 99 different carbon sources using the Biolog phenotypic microarray system and agar plates containing selected biopolymers (i.e. cellulose, xylan, pectin, and starch) as a sole carbon source. Although our results did not reveal a correlation between phylogenetic distance and carbon assimilation capacities, we observed 20 significant differences in growth capacity on specific carbon sources between representatives of different families. Our results also suggest that isolation origin cannot be considered as a main predictor of the carbon assimilation capacities of a particular strain. We conclude that saprotrophic Mucoromycotina representatives are, contrary to common belief, metabolically versatile and able to use a wide variety of carbon sources.
Shaping Electromagnetic Waves with Flexible and Continuous Control of the Beam Directions Using Holography and Convolution Theorem
Authors: Karimipour Majid , Komjani Nader , Aryanian Iman
Published: August 2019

In this article, several versatile electromagnetic (EM) waves are presented with predefined shapes and directions based on the holography and convolution theorem. Inspiring the holography theory, a reflective interferogram is characterized by interfering the near field distributions of the object and reference waves. In this regard, the interference pattern on the hologram could be viewed as the inverse Fourier transform of the object and reference waves. Therefore, the capability of steering the EM shaped beam is realized using the convolution theorem (as an interesting property of the Fourier transform), which makes a link between the hologram impedance-pattern and far-field pattern domains. The main advantage of incorporating the holography concept and convolution theorem is realizing arbitrary shaped-beam EM waves with the possibility of flexible manipulation of the beam directions without employing any optimization algorithm and mathematical computation. It is demonstrated that the method could implement a combination of simple beams (such as collimated beams) and complex beams (such as cosecant squared, flat top, isoflux beams, etc.) with each beam possessing arbitrary direction by the same design topology. To experimentally verify the concept, a prototype of the hologram with three separate beams including two tilted cosecant squared shaped beam and one broadside pencil beam is fabricated and measured. The measured results show a significant agreement between theoretical findings.
Large-scale waterproof and stretchable textile-integrated laser- printed graphene energy storages
Authors: Thekkekara Litty V. , Gu Min
Published: August 2019

Textile integrable large-scale on-chip energy storages and solar energy storages take a significant role in the realization of next-generation primary wearable devices for sensing, wireless communication, and health tracking. In general, these energy storages require major features like mechanical robustness, environmental friendliness, high-temperature tolerance, inexplosive nature, and long-term storage duration. Here we report on large-scale laser-printed graphene supercapacitors of dimension 100 cm2 fabricated in 3 minutes on textiles with excellent water stability, an areal capacitance, 49 mF cm−2, energy density, 6.73 mWh/cm−2, power density, 2.5 mW/cm−2, and stretchability up to 200%. Further, a demonstration is given for the textile integrated solar energy storage with stable performance for up to 20 days to reach half of the maximum output potential. These cost-effective self-reliant on-chip charging units can become an integral part for the future electronic and optoelectronic textiles.
Rapid and efficient high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of N-nitrosodimethylamine impurity in valsartan drug substance and its products
Authors: Masada Sayaka , Tsuji Genichiro , Arai Ryoko , Uchiyama Nahoko , Demizu Yosuke , Tsutsumi Tomoaki , Abe Yasuhiro , Akiyama Hiroshi , Hakamatsuka Takashi , Izutsu Ken-ichi , Goda Yukihiro , Okuda Haruhiro
Published: August 2019

In July 2018, certain valsartan-containing drugs were voluntary recalled in Japan owing to contamination with N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), a probable human carcinogen. In this study, an HPLC method was developed for the quantitative detection of NDMA simultaneously eluted with valsartan. Good linearity with a correlation coefficient (R2) > 0.999 was achieved over the concentration range of 0.011–7.4 µg/mL. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.0085 μg/mL and 0.0285 μg/mL, respectively. When the recalled valsartan samples were subjected to this method, the observed NDMA contents were in agreement with the reported values, indicating that our method achieved sufficient linearity, accuracy, and precision to detect NDMA in valsartan drug substances and products. Moreover, six samples (valsartan drug substances and tablet formulations), which had a possibility for NDMA contamination, were analyzed; none of the samples contained NDMA at detectable levels. Our method would be useful for the rapid screening and quantification of NDMA impurity in valsartan drug substances and products.
The changing distribution of Leishmania infantum Nicolle, 1908 and its Mediterranean sandfly vectors in the last 140 kys
Authors: Trájer Attila J. , Sebestyén Viktor
Published: August 2019

The understanding of the effects of past climatic changes on the distribution of vector arthropods can strongly support the understanding of the future potential impact of anthropogenic climatic change on the geographical risk of vector-borne diseases. The zoogeographical patterns of the European sandfly vectors may suffer the continuously changing climate of the last 140 kys. The former range ofL. infantumand sixPhlebotomusspecies were modelled for the Last Interglacial, the Last Glacial Maximum and the Mid-Holocene Periods. It was found that the potential distribution of the parasite was much smaller in the Last Glacial PeriodL. infantummainly could persist in the western shelves of the Mediterranean Sea. West and East Mediterranean sandfly species inhabited partly distinct refugia. The Apennine Peninsula, Sicily and the Iberian refugium formed a habitat chain along with the coastal areas of the West Mediterranean Basin. There was no direct connection between the Eastern and the Western sandfly refugia in the last 140 kys. The modelled distribution of sandfly taxa for the Middle Holocene Period can explain the relict populations of sandfly taxa in such Central European countries. The former genetic studies strongly confirm the existence of the modelled glacial refugees.
Activation of cardiac AMPK-FGF21 feed-forward loop in acute myocardial infarction: Role of adrenergic overdrive and lipolysis byproducts
Authors: Sunaga Hiroaki , Koitabashi Norimichi , Iso Tatsuya , Matsui Hiroki , Obokata Masaru , Kawakami Ryo , Murakami Masami , Yokoyama Tomoyuki , Kurabayashi Masahiko
Published: August 2019

Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a metabolic hormone having anti-oxidative and anti-hypertrophic effects. However, the regulation of FGF21 expression during acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains unclear. We tested blood samples from 50 patients with AMI and 43 patients with stable angina pectoris (sAP) for FGF21, fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4), a protein secreted from adipocytes in response to adrenergic lipolytic signal, and total and individual fatty acids. Compared with sAP patients, AMI patients had higher serum FGF21 levels on admission, which were significantly correlated with peak FABP4 and saturated fatty acids (SFAs) but not with peak levels of cardiac troponin T. In mice, myocardial ischemia rapidly induced FGF21 production by the heart, which accompanied activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent pathway. Like AICAR, an activator of AMPK, catecholamines (norepinephrine and isoproterenol) and SFAs (palmitate and stearate) significantly increased FGF21 production and release by cardiac myocytes via AMPK activation. Recombinant FGF21 induced its own expression as well as members of down-stream targets of AMPK involved in metabolic homeostasis and mitochondrial biogenesis in cardiac myocytes. These findings suggest that adrenergic overdrive and resultant adipose tissue lipolysis induce cardiac AMPK-FGF21 feed-forward loop that potentially provides cardioprotection against ischemic damage.
Thermal physiology of the lactating nipple influences the removal of human milk
Authors: Gardner Hazel , Lai Ching Tat , Ward Leigh C. , Geddes Donna T.
Published: August 2019

The nipple has a critical role in successful breastfeeding. Nipple trauma or pain may negatively impact breastfeeding duration which has significant public health implications. The aim of this study was to examine changes in nipple temperature during breastfeeding and pumping within participants. Thirty lactating women participated in two pumping (electric breast pump) and one breastfeeding session. Nipple temperature of both breasts was monitored for two minutes before and after each session with the non-pumped/non-suckled nipple temperature recorded throughout each session. The mean increase in nipple temperature after milk removal by the infant was 1.0 ± 1.6 °C (range −3.2–3.2) and after expression was 1.8 ± 1.4 °C (range −0.9–6.1). Nipple temperature pre expression was significantly lower than post expression (Pre 32.6 ± 1.6, Post 34.3 ± 1.3, p < 0.001) with no difference between the two pumping sessions. For every 1 °C rise in temperature an additional 10 mL of milk was removed on average. The breastfed nipple temperature was significantly lower pre feed than post feed (Pre 32.4 ± 1.6, Post 33.2 ± 1.2 p = 0.01) with a significant but smaller change in nipple temperaturecompared to pumping (Breastfeed 1.0 ± 1.6, Pumping 1.7 ± 1.4, p = 0.03). Nipple temperature increases during pumping and breastfeeding suggesting the breasts have a similar physiological response to different stimuli. Further, the increased temperature potentially plays a role in effective milk removal.
Effect of acute exercise on RBC deformability and RBC nitric oxide synthase signalling pathway in young sickle cell anaemia patients
Authors: Grau Marijke , Jerke Max , Nader Elie , Schenk Alexander , Renoux Celine , Collins Bianca , Dietz Thomas , Bizjak Daniel Alexander , Joly Philippe , Bloch Wilhelm , Connes Philippe , Prokop Aram
Published: August 2019

Sickle cell anaemia (SCA) is characterized by reduced red blood cell (RBC) deformability and nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. The aim of the study was to investigate whether exercise might affect these parameters in SCA. SCA patients and healthy controls (AA) performed an acute submaximal exercise test until subjects reached the first ventilatory threshold (VT 1). Blood was sampled at rest and at VT 1. At rest, free haemoglobin level was higher and RBC count, haemoglobin and haematocrit were lower in SCA compared to AA. RBC deformability was lower in SCA. Exercise had no effect on the tested parameters. RBC NO level was higher in SCA compared to AA at rest and significantly decreased after exercise in SCA. This might be related to a reduction in RBC-NO synthase (RBC-NOS) activation which was only observed in SCA after exercise. Free radical levels were higher in SCA at rest but concentration was not affected by exercise. Marker for lipid peroxidation and antioxidative capacity were similar in SCA and AA and not affected by exercise. In conclusion, a single acute submaximal bout of exercise has no deleterious effects on RBC deformability or oxidative stress markers in SCA, and seems to modulate RBC-NOS signalling pathway.
Polyhydroxy cucurbitane triterpenes from Hemsleya penxianensis tubers
Authors: Sun Zhaocui , Hu Meigeng , Zhu Nailiang , Huo Xiaowei , Zhou Xiaolei , Sun Zhonghao , Yang Junshan , Ma Guoxu , Xu Xudong
Published: August 2019

Ten new cucurbitane triterpenoids, hemsleyacins A–J (1–10), together with three known cucurbitane triterpenoids, dihydrocucurbitacin F (11), scandenogenin D (12), and jinfushanencin F (13), were separated from ethanolic tuber extracts of Hemsleya penxianensis. The absolute configurations of the new compounds were established based on NMR, HRESIMS, and CD spectra. Compounds 7 and 10–12 were evaluated in terms of their antifeedant activity against Plutella xylostella larvae. The result showed that compound 10 exhibited potent antifeedant activity against P. xylostella larvae after 48 h of treatment. Furthermore, the MTT test showed that compound 11 exhibited potent inhibition toward the UMUC-3 and T24 cell lines with IC50 values of 29.12 and 35.62 μM, respectively, compared to the positive control cisplatin IC50 values of 8.27 and 13.72 μM. Western blot analysis revealed that compound 11 treatments substantially inhibited the phosphorylation of IκBα.
Reduced miR-181d level in obesity and its role in lipid metabolism via regulation of ANGPTL3
Authors: Abu-Farha Mohamed , Cherian Preethi , Al-Khairi Irina , Nizam Rasheeba , Alkandari Abdullah , Arefanian Hossein , Tuomilehto Jaakko , Al-Mulla Fahd , Abubaker Jehad
Published: August 2019

Obesity impacts the endocrine and metabolic functions of the adipose tissue. There is increasing interest in the role of epigenetic factors in obesity and its impact on diabetes and dyslipidemia. One such substance, miR-181, reduces plasma triglyceride levels in mice by targeting isocitrate dehydrogenase 1. In the other hand, the adipocyte differentiation and lipid regulating hormone angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3) is a known regulator of circulating apolipoproteins through its inhibition of the lipoprotein lipase activity. We aimed to study the miR-181d expression in the blood and adipose tissue in a cohort of obese and non-obese people, assessing its possible role in obesity. We also aimed to confirm whether miR-181d can bind and regulate ANGPTL3. miR-181d expression levels were investigated in 144 participants, 82 who were non-obese (body mass index [BMI] < 30) and 62 who were obese (BMI > 30). miR-181d levels in plasma and adipose tissue were measured by RT-PCR. Hepatocyte cell cultures were assessed by overexpression and 3′-UTR-luciferase assays for miR-181d binding to its target protein and its effect on the protein. The plasma levels of ANGPTL3 were also measured by ELISA. The miR-181d levels were significantly lower in obese than in non-obese individuals. In vitro analysis confirmed miR-181 binding to and repression of the ANGPTL3 transcript. Obesity leads to alterations in miR-181d expression. Its downregulation in obese humans was inversely correlated with ANGPTL3, a protein involved in adipocyte differentiation and lipid metabolism. miR-181d can be used as an inhibitor of ANGPTL3 to reduce the TG plasma level.
Synthesis of Scandium Phosphate after Peroxide Assisted Leaching of Iron Depleted Bauxite Residue (Red Mud) Slags
Authors: Yagmurlu Bengi , Alkan Gözde , Xakalashe Buhle , Schier Claudia , Gronen Lars , Koiwa Ichiro , Dittrich Carsten , Friedrich Bernd
Published: August 2019

Anticipated future demand and limited primary sources of Sc highlight the importance of secondary Sc resources such as bauxite residue (red mud). In this study, a process route starting from red mud aiming to recover Sc as a concentrate by a combination of pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical processes was developed. Bauxite residue was treated in an electric arc furnace (EAF) for Fe removal as well as slag conditioning with varying flux additions and various cooling conditions. 95% of iron recovery to the metal was achieved. Resulting slags were subjected to identical H2O2 supported H2SO4 leaching conditions at 75 °C. The effect of slag mineralogy and crystallinity on the leaching efficiencies were investigated using XRD and QEMSCAN analysis. As a result of the highly amorphous nature of acidic slags, maximum of 72% Sc leaching was obtained. For leached slags, water quenched basic slag was found to be the most promising condition resulting in an extreme Sc leaching yield of 97% and this slag was selected for the further Sc precipitation. High impurity removal rates and selective Sc separation were achieved with a triple-stage successive precipitation to synthesize a Sc concentrate. Starting from EAF treatment followed by leaching and precipitation, 85% of the initial Sc in the red mud was successfully recovered as Sc phosphate.
Familial Clustering, Second Primary Cancers and Causes of Death in Penile, Vulvar and Vaginal Cancers
Authors: Zhang Luyao , Hemminki Otto , Chen Tianhui , Zheng Guoqiao , Försti Asta , Sundquist Kristina , Sundquist Jan , Hemminki Kari
Published: August 2019

Data on familial risks in penile and vulvar/vaginal cancers and in second primary cancers (SPCs) following these cancers are limited. We used the Swedish Family-Cancer Database from years 1958 through 2015 to identify 3641 penile and 8856 vulvar/vaginal cancers and to calculate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for these cancers according to site-specific cancer in family members; additionally risk for SPCs was calculated. The familial RR for concordant (same) penile cancer was 3.22 (1.34–7.74), and it was 2.72 (1.69–4.39) for vulvar/vaginal cancer; RRs were increased for vulvar/vaginal cancer in families of anal cancer patients. RR for second penile cancer after penile cancers was 11.68 (7.95–17.18), while that for concordant vulvar/vaginal cancer was 9.03 (7.31–11.15). SPCs were diagnosed in 16.8% of penile cancer patients and in them 45.9% of deaths were caused by SPC (other than penile cancer). In vulvar/vaginal cancer patients with SPC, 36.4% of deaths were due to SPC. The results showed that these genital cancers might run in families and as SPCs are associated with human papilloma virus and smoking related cancers. Risk for these genital and anal SPCs are high and a follow-up plan should be agreed at diagnosis of these cancers.
Deploying Clinical Process Improvement Strategies to Reduce Motion Artifacts and Expiratory Phase Scanning in Chest CT
Authors: Doda Khera Ruhani , Singh Ramandeep , Homayounieh Fatemeh , Stone Evan , Redel Travis , Savage Cristy A. , Stockton Katherine , Shepard Jo-Anne O. , Kalra Mannudeep K. , Digumarthy Subba R.
Published: August 2019

We hypothesized that clinical process improvement strategies can reduce frequency of motion artifacts and expiratory phase scanning in chest CT. We reviewed 826 chest CT to establish the baseline frequency. Per clinical process improvement guidelines, we brainstormed corrective measures and priority-pay-off matrix. The first intervention involved education of CT technologists, following which 795 chest CT were reviewed. For the second intervention, instructional videos on optimal breath-hold were shown to 245 adult patients just before their chest CT. Presence of motion artifacts and expiratory phase scanning was assessed. We also reviewed 311 chest CT scans belonging to a control group of patients who did not see the instructional videos. Pareto and percentage run charts were created for baseline and post-intervention data. Baseline incidence of motion artifacts and expiratory phase scanning in chest CT was 35% (292/826). There was no change in the corresponding incidence following the first intervention (36%; 283/795). Respiratory motion and expiratory phase chest CT with the second intervention decreased (8%, 20/245 patients). Instructional videos for patients (and not education and training of CT technologists) reduce the frequency of motion artifacts and expiratory phase scanning in chest CT.
Quantification of surface functional groups on silica nanoparticles: comparison of thermogravimetric analysis and quantitative NMR
Authors: Kunc Filip , Balhara Vinod , Sun Ying , Daroszewska Malgosia , Jakubek Zygmunt J. , Hill Myriam , Brinkmann Andreas , Johnston Linda J.
Published: August 2019

Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) coupled with evolved gas analysis-FT-IR has been examined as a potential method to study the functional group content for surface modified silica nanoparticles.
Highly sensitive detection of Hg2+ using covalent linking single-strand DNA to the surface of graphene oxide with co-anchor strand
Authors: Gao Li , Liu Cheng , Li Raoqi , Xia Ni , Xiong Yonghua
Published: August 2019

DNA modified with FAM was immobilized onto the surface of GO for Hg2+ sensing. Addition of Hg2+ resulted in the formation of a hairpin structure due to T–T mismatching. Increasing Hg2+ concentrations resulted in an increase in fluorescence intensity.
Enhancement of siRNA transfection by the optimization of fatty acid length and histidine content in the CPP
Authors: Porosk Ly , Arukuusk Piret , Põhako Kaisa , Kurrikoff Kaido , Kiisholts Kristina , Padari Kärt , Pooga Margus , Langel Ülo
Published: August 2019

Depending on the pH, polyhistidines in the CPP influence interactions in CPP/siRNA nanoparticles by switching from hydrophobic to charged.
Fibrillar fibronectin plays a key role as nucleator of collagen I polymerization during macromolecular crowding-enhanced matrix assembly
Authors: Graham Jenna , Raghunath Michael , Vogel Viola
Published: August 2019

Crowding promotes fibronectin adsorption to surfaces which in turn accelerates fibronectin fibrillogenesis and thus the nucleation of collagen polymerization.
Osteogenesis and angiogenesis are simultaneously enhanced in BMP2-/VEGF-transfected adipose stem cells through activation of the YAP/TAZ signaling pathway
Authors: Lee Eugene , Ko Ji-Yun , Kim Juyoung , Park Jeong-Won , Lee Songhee , Im Gun-Il
Published: August 2019

While bone has the capability to heal itself, there is a great difficulty in reconstituting large bone defects created by heavy trauma or the resection of malignant tumors.
Engineering natural matrices with black phosphorus nanosheets to generate multi-functional therapeutic nanocomposite hydrogels
Authors: Miao Yali , Shi Xuetao , Li Qingtao , Hao Lijing , Liu Lei , Liu Xiao , Chen Yunhua , Wang Yingjun
Published: August 2019

Natural matrices are engineered with black phosphorus nanosheets to generate therapeutic nanocomposite hydrogels with promising multi-functions, providing a facile and efficient therapeutic strategy for bone tissue engineering.
2D metal chalcogenides with surfaces fully covered with an organic “promoter” for high-performance biomimetic catalysis
Authors: Li Yanzhou , Shu Jian , Huang Qingqing , Chiranjeevulu Kashi , Kumar P. Naresh , Wang Guan-E. , Deng Wei-Hua , Tang Dianping , Xu Gang
Published: August 2019

2D catalytic materials whose inorganic surfaces are fully covered with pre-designed “promoter” groups showed excellent biomimetic catalytic activity.
The ruthenium-catalyzed C–H functionalization of enamides with isocyanates: easy entry to pyrimidin-4-ones
Authors: Shi Pengfei , Li Song , Hu Lu-Min , Wang Cong , Loh Teck-Peng , Hu Xu-Hong
Published: August 2019

Ruthenium-catalyzed heteroannulation between enamides and isocyanates has been realized as a complementary approach to conventional strategies for the synthesis of pyrimidin-4-ones.
Liquid–liquid phase separation rescues the conformational stability of a DNA hairpin from pressure–stress
Authors: Arns Loana , Winter Roland
Published: August 2019

Aqueous two-phase systems are able to rescue the conformational stability of DNA hairpins under harsh environmental conditions.
IBX-mediated oxidative addition of isocyanides to cyclic secondary amines: total syntheses of alangiobussine and alangiobussinine
Authors: Ambule Mayur D. , Tripathi Shashank , Ghoshal Anirban , Srivastava Ajay K.
Published: August 2019

An efficient method for synthesizing C(1)-carboxamides through IBX-mediated oxidative addition of isocyanides to cyclic secondary amines has been reported.
Tying the alkoxides together: an iron complex of a new chelating bulky bis(alkoxide) demonstrates selectivity for coupling of non-bulky aryl nitrenes
Authors: Kurup Sudheer S. , Wannipurage Duleeka , Lord Richard L. , Groysman Stanislav
Published: August 2019

An iron complex with a new chelating bis(alkoxide) ligand leads to an active nitrene dimerization catalyst for a variety of para- and meta-substituted azide precursors.
Mechanistic understanding of catalysis by combining mass spectrometry and computation
Authors: Cheng Gui-Juan , Zhong Xiu-Mei , Wu Yun-Dong , Zhang Xinhao
Published: August 2019

The combination of mass spectrometry and computational chemistry has been proven to be powerful for exploring reaction mechanisms. The former provides information of reaction intermediates, while the latter gives detailed reaction energy profiles.
A photo-stable and reversible pH-responsive nano-agent based on the NIR phenazine dye for photoacoustic imaging-guided photothermal therapy
Authors: Yan Yongchao , Fu Hao , Wang Jian , Chen Chuanrong , Wang Qi , Duan Yourong , Hua Jianli
Published: August 2019

A photo-stable and reversible pH-responsive phenazine dye displayed an obvious NIR absorption in a weak acid environment of tumor. The dye assembled into nanoparticles was developed for photoacoustic imaging-guided photothermal therapy in mice.
A practical copper-catalyzed approach to β-lactams via radical carboamination of alkenyl carbonyl compounds
Authors: Shi Peng , Wang Jie , Gan Zixu , Zhang Jingyu , Zeng Runsheng , Zhao Yingsheng
Published: August 2019

Functionalized β-lactams are highly important motifs in synthetic chemistry.
All solid-state lithium–oxygen batteries with MOF-derived nickel cobaltate nanoflake arrays as high-performance oxygen cathodes
Authors: Gong Hao , Xue Hairong , Lu Xueyi , Gao Bin , Wang Tao , He Jianping , Ma Renzhi
Published: August 2019

Solid-state lithium oxygen batteries with MOF-converted nickel cobaltate nanoflake arrays as high-performance oxygen cathodes were prepared, delivering high reversibility and long-term cycling stability over 90 cycles.
One-dimensional water nanowires induced by electric fields
Authors: Zhao Wan , Huang Haishen , Bi Qingling , Xu Yujia , Lü Yongjun
Published: August 2019

Water nanowires and structural evolution of hydrogen-bond networks under different electric fields.
Synergistic additive-mediated CVD growth and chemical modification of 2D materials
Authors: Jiang Jizhou , Li Neng , Zou Jing , Zhou Xing , Eda Goki , Zhang Qingfu , Zhang Hua , Li Lain-Jong , Zhai Tianyou , Wee Andrew T. S.
Published: August 2019

This review summarizes significant advances in the use of typical synergistic additives in growth of 2D materials with chemical vapor deposition, and the corresponding performance improvement of field effect transistors and photodetectors.
Determining what really counts: modeling and measuring nanoparticle number concentrations
Authors: Petersen Elijah J. , Montoro Bustos Antonio R. , Toman Blaza , Johnson Monique E. , Ellefson Mark , Caceres George C. , Neuer Anna Lena , Chan Qilin , Kemling Jonathan W. , Mader Brian , Murphy Karen , Roesslein Matthias
Published: August 2019

This paper describes a comprehensive investigation of particle number concentrations including a multi-method comparison, theoretical modeling, and cellular dosimetry.
Improving the performance of supported ionic liquid phase (SILP) catalysts for the ultra-low-temperature water–gas shift reaction using metal salt additives
Authors: Wolf Patrick , Aubermann Manfred , Wolf Moritz , Bauer Tanja , Blaumeiser Dominik , Stepic Robert , Wick Christian R. , Smith David M. , Smith Ana-Sunčana , Wasserscheid Peter , Libuda Jörg , Haumann Marco
Published: August 2019

Addition of CuCl to supported ionic liquid phase (SILP) catalysts enhances the activity in the low temperature water–gas shift (WGS) reaction.
Dimension conversion: from a 1D metal–organic gel into a 3D metal–organic porous network with high-efficiency multiple enzyme-like activities for cascade reactions
Authors: Jiang Zhong Wei , Zhao Ting Ting , Li Yuan Fang , Huang Cheng Zhi
Published: August 2019

Microwave-assisted conversion of a 1D metal–organic gel into a 3D metal–organic porous network with excellent enzyme-like activity for highly selective detection of cysteine via a cascaded cysteine oxidase- and peroxidase-mimicking system.
Immobilization of an acid–base cooperative catalyst on MCM-41 as a heterogeneous approach for the asymmetric cyanoethoxycarbonylation of isatins
Authors: Ansari Amamudin , Patel Parth , Kumar Gaurav , Khan Noor-ul H.
Published: August 2019

Heterogenization of chiral quinine-thiourea catalyst for enantioselective cyanation reaction. The catalyst is found to be efficient and recyclable up to five times with retention of its catalytic activity.
Electronic circular dichroism imaging (CDi) maps local aggregation modes in thin films of chiral oligothiophenes
Authors: Albano Gianluigi , Górecki Marcin , Pescitelli Gennaro , Di Bari Lorenzo , Jávorfi Tamás , Hussain Rohanah , Siligardi Giuliano
Published: August 2019

A detailed investigation of the circular dichroism imaging (CDi) technique on thin films of a chiral 1,4-dialkoxyphenylene-based oligothiophene with outstanding chiroptical features revealed the primary role of local supramolecular structures.
Crystal structures, thermodynamics and accelerating thermal decomposition of RDX: two new energetic coordination polymers based on a Y-shaped ligand of tris(5-aminotetrazole)triazine
Authors: Wu Shuo , Lin Guowei , Yang Zhengyi , Yang Qi , Wei Qing , Xie Gang , Chen Sanping , Gao Shengli , Lu Jack Y.
Published: August 2019

Two new energetic coordination polymers were prepared under hydrothermal condition. They have good detonation velocity, detonation pressure and effective acceleration effect toward the thermal decomposition of RDX (1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane).
Effect of a bridge unit on the mechanochromism of phenothiazine-based Schiff bases
Authors: Yang Zicheng , Xue Pengchong , Zhang Lulu , Chen Peng
Published: August 2019

Phenothiazine Schiff base PPD bridged with a rigid p-phenylenediamine unit showed a reversible mechanofluorochromism, while the one with ethylenediamine did not change its fluorescence after grinding.
Mechanochemical synthesis of three double perovskites: Cs2AgBiBr6, (CH3NH3)2TlBiBr6 and Cs2AgSbBr6
Authors: García-Espejo Gonzalo , Rodríguez-Padrón Daily , Luque Rafael , Camacho Luis , de Miguel Gustavo
Published: August 2019

Mechanochemistry is a solvent-free, simple and fast tool for the synthesis of double perovskites.
Design of a novel scandium silicate based blue-emitting phosphor with high efficiency and robust thermal stability for warm WLEDs and field emission displays
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Wang Xicheng , Tang Zuobin , Wang Yuhua
Published: August 2019

A novel blue-emitting phosphor is synthesized, and its luminescence properties and potential application for WLEDs and FEDs are explored.
Bioceramic akermanite enhanced vascularization and osteogenic differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells in 3D scaffolds in vitro and vivo
Authors: Dong Xixi , Li Haiyan , E Lingling , Cao Junkai , Guo Bin
Published: August 2019

Bioceramics akermanite enhanced vascularization and osteogenic differentiation of human iPSCs in 3D scaffolds in vitro and vivo.
On the road to cost-effective fossil fuel desulfurization byGordonia alkanivoransstrain 1B
Authors: Pacheco Marta , Paixão Susana M. , Silva Tiago P. , Alves Luís
Published: August 2019

The utilization of desulfurizing microorganisms that can grow in low nutrient culture media without vitamins and other growth promoters (e.g.yeast extract, peptone) is an advantage for BDS upgrade since it may reduce the biocatalyst production costs significantly
Effect of ozone treatment on the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis of postharvest strawberries
Authors: Chen Cunkun , Zhang Huijie , Dong Chenghu , Ji Haipeng , Zhang Xiaojun , Li Li , Ban Zhaojun , Zhang Na , Xue Wentong
Published: August 2019

Ozone treatment at a suitable concentration can improve the antioxidant capacity of postharvest fruits.
Enhancing formative and self-assessment with video playback to improve critique skills in a titration laboratory
Authors: Lau Poh Nguk
Published: August 2019

The rhetorical argument that laboratory courses are crucial for training skilled STEM practitioners is ill-evidenced in teaching practice. The arduous task of implementing instructor-led skill assessment in large-cohort courses and persistent student disengagement from its educative goals are some obstacles. This study emphasized the need to equip learners to self-assess technical skills, supported by explicit performance standards and objective evidence. It trials two interventions, a self-assessment (SA) checklist and a learner-recorded video, to examine how the combination impacts the appraisal ability and attitudes towards SA. The participants were from a first year chemistry course in a biotechnology and chemical engineering course. All the participants self-assessed titration competencies against a checklist, with about half assisted with a video replay. A video critique task showed a significant main effect by intervention. SA-with-video participants scored higher than SA-only participants and the control group. The additional video intervention did not produce any significant gains above SA alone. Qualitative analysis revealed that SA-with-video participants were more targeted in their critique responses. Video differences in attitudinal responses towards SA were not prominent. Selected SA items related to perceptions of the value of SA in skill improvement, and, as a future study strategy, goals and commitment of using SA for skill improvement, were associated with video exposure in the biotechnology course, or with the course in the video group. Improvements for future work are discussed.
Reactions of thermally generated benzynes with six-membered N-heteroaromatics: pathway and product diversity
Authors: Arora Sahil , Zhang Juntian , Pogula Vedamayee , Hoye Thomas R.
Published: August 2019

HDDA-benzynes + N-heteroaromatics of the pyridine family in the absence (cf.A) or presence (cf.B) of a third component.
Unraveling the anionic oxygen loss and related structural evolution within O3-type Na layered oxide cathodes
Authors: Jia Min , Qiao Yu , Li Xiang , Jiang Kezhu , Zhou Haoshen
Published: August 2019

The “lattice oxygen loss” within O3-type layered cathode would be rationally employed as a novel structural modification method to obtain more stable structure for Li/Na-ion batteries.
A small-molecule organic cathode with fast charge–discharge capability for K-ion batteries
Authors: Xiong Ming , Tang Wu , Cao Bei , Yang Chuluo , Fan Cong
Published: August 2019

PTCDI is initially exploited as a highly efficient organic cathode with impressively fast charge–discharge capability in K-ion batteries.
Effect of controlling the number of fused rings on polymer photocatalysts for visible-light-driven hydrogen evolution
Authors: Ting Li-Yu , Jayakumar Jayachandran , Chang Chih-Li , Lin Wei-Cheng , Elsayed Mohamed Hammad , Chou Ho-Hsiu
Published: August 2019

The introduction of fused thiophene units into the fluorene analogues, for the first time, resulted in an improved photocatalytic performance of the polymer photocatalysts.
Intrinsic doping limit and defect-assisted luminescence in Cs4PbBr6
Authors: Jung Young-Kwang , Calbo Joaquín , Park Ji-Sang , Whalley Lucy D. , Kim Sunghyun , Walsh Aron
Published: August 2019

The type and behaviour of point defects in 0D lead halide perovskites is found to be radically different from their 3D counterparts
The origin of size-selective gas transport through polymers of intrinsic microporosity
Authors: Fuoco Alessio , Rizzuto Carmen , Tocci Elena , Monteleone Marcello , Esposito Elisa , Budd Peter M. , Carta Mariolino , Comesaña-Gándara Bibiana , McKeown Neil B. , Jansen Johannes C.
Published: August 2019

Polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs) are distinguished from other polymers in how the diffusion coefficients for light gases depend on their effective size, with a stronger size-selective trend for gases larger than He and H2.
Autophagy-dependent toxicity of amino-functionalized nanoparticles in ovarian cancer cells
Authors: Seca Christian , Ferraresi Alessandra , Phadngam Suratchanee , Vidoni Chiara , Isidoro Ciro
Published: August 2019

Polystyrene NH2-NPs induce toxicity through a differential impact on autophagy machinery in ovarian cancer cells with a different genetic background.
Enhancing the stability of single-stranded DNA on gold nanoparticles as molecular machines through salt and acid regulation
Authors: Zhang Jianing , Jin Jing , Du Yanqiu , Zhou Xiang , Liang Haojun , Jiang Wei
Published: August 2019

Stable polyA–DNA–AuNPs incubated in an acidic buffer solution can construct a polyA–DNA based molecular machine.
Glutathione triggered degradation of polydopamine to facilitate controlled drug release for synergic combinational cancer treatment
Authors: Hao Ya-Nan , Zheng An-Qi , Guo Ting-Ting , Shu Yang , Wang Jian-Hua , Johnson Omar , Chen Wei
Published: August 2019

Here we report a novel mechanism for triggering drug release in the polydopamine (PDA)-coated magnetic CuCo2S4 core–shell nanostructure by glutathione (GSH) triggered degradation of PDA for release.
Pentafluorosulfanyl group: an emerging tool in optoelectronic materials
Authors: Chan Julian M. W.
Published: August 2019

The pentafluorosulfanyl (SF5) moiety has emerged as a versatile tool for tailoring optoelectronic properties in a wide range of functional materials.
Mechanical properties and electromagnetic shielding performance of single-source-precursor synthesized dense monolithic SiC/HfCxN1−x/C ceramic nanocomposites
Authors: Wen Qingbo , Yu Zhaoju , Liu Xingmin , Bruns Sebastian , Yin Xiaowei , Eriksson Mirva , Shen Zhijian James , Riedel Ralf
Published: August 2019

A fully dense SiC/HfCxN1−x/C ceramic nanocomposite with excellent mechanical properties and high-temperature EM shielding performance up to 600 °C.
The thermal and thermoelectric transport properties of SiSb, GeSb and SnSb monolayers
Authors: Huang H. H. , Fan Xiaofeng , Singh David J. , Zheng W. T.
Published: August 2019

n-Type SiSb monolayer has potential for ZT of roughly 2 at 700 K and is a promising two-dimensional thermoelectric material.
Doping with SnBr2 in CsPbBr3 to enhance the efficiency of all-inorganic perovskite solar cells
Authors: Guo Haiyan , Pei Yue , Zhang Jing , Cai Chang , Zhou Kang , Zhu Yuejin
Published: August 2019

The good environmental stability of all-inorganic CsPbBr3 perovskite solar cells is crucial for the commercialization of perovskite solar cells.
Wet chemical growth of semiconductor 1-D nanostructure arrays on conductive substrates
Authors: Lee Joo-Won , Yoon Joon-Soo , Kim Young-Min , Sung Yun-Mo
Published: August 2019

The various fabrication methods with growth mechanisms and possible applications of semiconductor 1-D nanostructure arrays are systematically reviewed.
Nitrogen-coupled blatter diradicals: the fused versus unfused bridges
Authors: Hu Xiaoguang , Chen Hanjiao , Zhao Lei , Miao Mao-sheng , Zheng Xueli , Zheng Yonghao
Published: August 2019

We report the synthesis and characterization of nitrogen-coupled diradicals NDR (unfused) and CDR (fused).