bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of CT-navigated pedicle screw positioning in the cervical and upper thoracic region with and without prior anterior surgery and ventral plating
Authors: Rienmüller A. , Buchmann N. , Kirschke J. S. , Meyer E. L. , Gempt J. , Lehmberg J. , Meyer B. , Ryang Y. M.
Published: September 2017

Aims

We aimed to retrospectively assess the accuracy and safety of CT navigated pedicle screws and to compare accuracy in the cervical and thoracic spine (C2-T8) with (COMB) and without (POST) prior anterior surgery (anterior cervical discectomy or corpectomy and fusion with ventral plating: ACDF/ACCF).

Patients and Methods

A total of 592 pedicle screws, which were used in 107 consecutively operated patients (210 COMB, 382 POST), were analysed. The accuracy of positioning was determined according to the classification of Gertzbein and Robbins on post-operative CT scans.

Results

High accuracy was achieved in 524 screws (88.5%), 192 (87.7%) in the cervical spine and 332 (89%) in the thoracic spine, respectively. The results in the two surgical groups were compared and a logistic regression mixed model was performed to analyse the risk of low accuracy. Significantly lower accuracy was found in the COMB group with 82.9% versus 91.6% in the POST group (p = 0.036). There were no neurological complications, but two vertebral artery lesions were recorded. Three patients underwent revision surgery for malpositioning of a screw. Although the risk of malpositioning of a screw after primary anterior surgery was estimated to be 2.4-times higher than with posterior surgery alone, the overall rates of complication and revision were low.

Conclusion

We therefore conclude that CT navigated pedicle screws can be positioned safely although greater caution must be taken in patients who have previously undergone anterior surgery. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:1373–80.
Predicting 30-day mortality after hip fracture surgery
Authors: Tsang C. , Boulton C. , Burgon V. , Johansen A. , Wakeman R. , Cromwell D. A.
Published: September 2017

Objectives

The National Hip Fracture Database (NHFD) publishes hospital-level risk-adjusted mortality rates following hip fracture surgery in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. The performance of the risk model used by the NHFD was compared with the widely-used Nottingham Hip Fracture Score.

Methods

Data from 94 hospitals on patients aged 60 to 110 who had hip fracture surgery between May 2013 and July 2013 were analysed. Data were linked to the Office for National Statistics (ONS) death register to calculate the 30-day mortality rate. Risk of death was predicted for each patient using the NHFD and Nottingham models in a development dataset using logistic regression to define the models’ coefficients. This was followed by testing the performance of these refined models in a second validation dataset.

Results

The 30-day mortality rate was 5.36% in the validation dataset (n = 3861), slightly lower than the 6.40% in the development dataset (n = 4044). The NHFD and Nottingham models showed a slightly lower discrimination in the validation dataset compared with the development dataset, but both still displayed moderate discriminative power (c-statistic for NHFD = 0.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.67 to 0.74; Nottingham model = 0.70, 95% CI 0.68 to 0.75). Both models defined similar ranges of predicted mortality risk (1% to 18%) in assessment of calibration.

Conclusions

Both models have limitations in predicting mortality for individual patients after hip fracture surgery, but the NHFD risk adjustment model performed as well as the widely-used Nottingham prognostic tool and is therefore a reasonable alternative for risk adjustment in the United Kingdom hip fracture population. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2017;6:550–556
Sinus membrane perforation and its impact on implant survival – a mini-systematic review
Authors: Parmar Manoj , Crean St John
Published: September 2017

Sinus membrane perforation is the most common complication of sinus augmentation procedures. Their relevance to implant survival, however, is less clear. A mini-systematic literature review was conducted to determine whether membrane perforations have a detrimental effect on implant survival.
Just art, politics and publics: Researching geographies of public art and accountability
Authors: Zebracki Martin
Published: September 2017

This article draws a geographical research agenda on public art and accountability. The rationale for doing so lies in what I consider the ‘bird’s-eye doctrine’ that prevails in today’s publicly funded urban public-art practice. I argue that the roles and uses of art in urban public space are primarily understood and designed through the chiefly essentialist eye of public art’s enablers, being particularly policy-makers, planners, artists and practitioners. Such bird’s-eye doctrine scarcely challenges the everyday social realities of public art from the ground level, that is, from the eyes of the very publics for whom public art is and should ideally be intended. On the basis of a literature study and the author’s previous empirical research, this article provides pointers for how future research could further geographically disentangle public-art practices at the crossroads of the domains of the publics, politics and art. More particularly, such research should dwell on the extent to which public-art practices account and should account for genuinely involving the publics in the preparation, realization, evaluation and everyday social realities of public art at different yet co-emerging socio-spatial levels of public-art practice.
Makers Review
Authors: Jones David
Published: September 2017

Gwen Heeney, who died in December 2016, was an internationally renowned ceramic artist who worked with clay brick not merely as the foundation material of our built world but also as a conceptual device for penetrating the apparent solidity of our perceptions of our material culture. She was instrumental in establishing the field of brick sculpture both through her work and through helping to found the World Artists in Brick (WABA).
Decorar ou não quando surge a questão: as cerâmicas com decoração brunida do Castelo de Arraiolos
Authors: Osório A. , Almeida S. , Silva R. Costeira da , Vieira T.
Published: September 2017

As cerâmicas com decoração brunida do Bronze Final/ I Idade do Ferro são um dos grupos decorativos com maior dispersão no Sudoeste alargado da Península Ibérica, para as quais foi frequentemente proposto um cariz “especial”, de distinção social ou ritual. Este texto discute brevemente a tipologia formal e caracteriza arqueometricamente a mineralogia de um conjunto de cerâmicas exumadas no povoado proto-histórico do Castelo de Arraiolos (S. Pedro de Arraiolos) de modo a avaliar se a distinção entre peças decoradas e não decoradas permeava, ou não, toda a cadeia operatória de produção.
La filosofía del derecho de Alexandre Kojève
Authors: Farrés Juste Oriol
Published: September 2017

Este artículo es una presentación de la filosofía del derecho de Alexandre Kojève contenida en su Esquisse d’une phénoménologie du droit (1981). La poca atención que dicha obra ha recibido es un vacío que debiera llenarse con una reflexión crítica de sus puntos fuertes. Entre ellos destaca una concepción de la justicia internacional que proyecta una luz muy singular sobre los actuales debates en torno a la globalización y el cosmopolitismo. A ojos de este autor, la ciudadanía es el elemento clave para aquilatar la expansión global de lo jurídico. En suma, Kojève aparece como un valioso referente en la labor de pensar la contraposición entre lo jurídico y lo político que está en la base de toda filosofía del derecho, con la aspiración al logro de la justicia internacional y la paz mundial en el horizonte.
Hasta que la muerte los separa. Legítima, derecho de propiedad y prohibición de disposición del titular de los bienes: un ejemplo práctico de inconsistencia normativa
Authors: Carrio Sampedro Alberto
Published: September 2017

La institución de la legítima ha generado un interesante debate entre la doctrina iusprivatista que atañe a dos cuestiones estrechamente emparentadas con la teoría del Derecho, como son la función y estructura del ordenamiento jurídico. En el presente artículo examino cuáles y de qué tipo son las razones que se ofrecen a favor y en contra de la legítima. Esto me permite distinguir las razones justificativas de las identificativas del Derecho. Es decir, las que se refieren al porqué de la legítima de las que informan de qué es la legítima, o lo que es lo mismo, cuál es la configuración de este instituto en el ordenamiento jurídico. A continuación examino la compatibilidad de la legítima con los derechos de herencia y de propiedad tal como vienen enunciados en la Constitución española. Propondré entonces dos posibles interpretaciones del enunciado constitucional que vincula ambos derechos y mostraré qué argumentos sustentan una y otra. Finalmente pongo de manifiesto la incoherencia de la legítima con una de las dos posibles interpretaciones del art. 33.1 de la Constitución española y la dudosa compatibilidad con la otra al situar en una posición de privilegio a ciertos parientes del causante, o si se prefiere, en una posición de no derecho al propietario de los bienes. Es decir al titular de un derecho que goza de garantía institucional. El artículo concluye con un apéndice en el que i) identifico el tipo de inconsistencia que introduce la legítima en el ordenamiento jurídico español, y ii) propongo reconducir el debate a partir de una distinción adecuada entre el ámbito de justificación e identificación del Derecho.
Prevalence of Candida albicans and Streptococcus aureus on maxillary obturators, maxillary defects and in saliva: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Celakil Tamer , Baca Emrah , Topcuoglu Emine Nursen , Röhlig Bilge Gökcen , Evlioglu Gülümser , Özcan Mutlu
Published: September 2017

Objective: This study investigated on the incidence of Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus adhesion onto maxillary obturator prostheses with soft lining materials placed by prosthodontists. Material and Methods: Between years 2013 and 2014, patients with maxillary defects due to maxillary tumor surgery and acquired obturator prostheses (n = 21, study group) were clinically evaluated and microbiological outcomes were compared with complete maxillary denture wearers (n = 21, control group). Data were collected on demographic features, histological type of cancer, presence of chemotherapy or radiotherapy, identification of soft lining materials used on obturator prostheses, cleansing methods practiced for obturator and maxillary complete prostheses. The presence of Candida albicans was determined on soft lining materials or polymethylmethacrylate surfaces and in the oral cavity, and Staphylococcus aureus in nasal mucosa and saliva. Data were analyzed using Kruskal Wallis, Fisher-Freeman-Halton tests (p < 0.05). Results: The highest amount of Candida albicans was found on surfaces of prostheses, in the saliva and on maxillary defects on the hard palate and on definitive soft lining material with 90%, 90%, and 70%, respectively. The highest amount of Staphylococcus aureus was observed in the saliva and nasal cavity in the definitive soft lining material group (50%). Conclusion: Short renewal period of lining materials may cause less Candida albicans colonisation and denture stomatitis in the oral cavity. Patients who have undergone maxillectomy were more prone to Staphylococcus aureus colonisation.KeywordsCandida albicans; Denture liners; Maxillary prosthesis; Palatal obturators; Staphylococcus aureus.
Anticoagulant-induced oral bleeding
Authors: Costa Victor , Kaminagakura Estela
Published: September 2017

Warfarin is an anticoagulant used to prevent thrombosis, cardiac arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation, and recurrence of pulmonary embolism. A 69-year-old male patient reported episodes of four heart attacks, stroke, pulmonary emphysema, varicose veins, thyroid dysfunction, and a history of angioplasty. They use daily dose of 5 mg. Intraoral clinical examination revealed a bleeding nodular lesion of purple color with irregular borders and a smooth surface. The prothrombin time was 68.9 seconds, activity was 10%, and the international normalized ratio (INR) was 8.26. Based on these results, the patient received a single dose of 2.5 mg vitamin K via subcutaneous route. The final diagnosis was oral anticoagulant-induced lesions. Clinicians should be familiar with the side effects of anticoagulants, which are rare in the oral cavity, but can be life-threatening if diagnosed late or inaccurately, especially in older patients that often use many drugs.KeywordsAnticoagulant; Hemorrhage; Warfarin; Mouth.
General and oral characteristics of Rett syndrome: case report
Authors: Pereira Karina Gesuele , Alves Gisele Rafael , Jóias Renato Morales , Josgrilberg Erika Botelho , Jóias Renata Pilli
Published: September 2017

Introduction: Rett syndrome is a neurodegenerative disease that affects females of all races worldwide. It is the second most frequent cause of mental disability in girls. Objective: To describe the general and oral characteristics at stage three. Case report: A girl aged seven years and seven months, leukoderma, coming from Vallo della Lucania, Salerno, Italy was at the stage three of Rett syndrome. At the first stage, from six to eighteen months of life, the girl ate by herself, but she did not walk. At the second stage, from eighteen months of life, she started the ataxic gait and stopped talking. At the third stage, she had the reduction of the autist behavior, improved the eye contact, smile and communicative abilities. The genetic examination revealed de novo mutation, that is, without inheritance. Conclusion: Rett syndrome lacks specific treatment. Adjuvant therapies include physiotherapy, hydrotherapy, occupational therapy, music therapy, equine therapy, as well as therapies to treat some symptoms. A multidisciplinary treatment is required. The prognosis consists of following-up the individual throughout life, treating the symptoms.Keywords: Autistic Disorder, Chronic disease, Epilepsy, Intellectual Disability, Rett Syndrome.
Determination of chemical elements and cross-section hardness of sclerotic darkened human dentin
Authors: Souza Mauricio Yugo , Meirelles Laura Celia Fernandes , Duque Isabela Roberta Vieira , Mailart Mariane Cintra , Caneppele Taciana Marco Ferraz , Bresciani Eduardo
Published: September 2017

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the amount of chemical elements (Ca, O, C, P, Fe, and Mg) and the cross-section hardness of sclerotic darkened dentin in human teeth. Material and Methods: The study was approved by the local IRB and ten extracted teeth (five sound and five presenting sclerotic darkened dentin) were used. Tooth was sectioned mesiodistally and each half was used for each test. Amount of chemical elements (%w) was determined by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) in three different dentin areas (shallow, medium, or deep sound or sclerotic dentin). Knoop microhardness was determined at the same EDS areas. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and multiple comparison tests, with significance level at 5%. Results: No difference on microhardness was detected between sound and sclerotic dentin (p = 0.743) and also among dentin depths (p = 0.837). Lower Ca (p = 0.024) and higher C (p = 0.015) amounts were found at superficial sclerotic dentin. Increased Mg content (p < 0.001) was detected in sound dentin. Conclusion: It was concluded darkened sclerotic dentin presents similar cross-section microhardness to sound dentin. The assessed chemical elements were similarly present in sound or sclerotic dentin, except for Mg, which was present higher concentration in sound dentin. Ca and P were lower in superficial sclerotic dentin. Keywords: Dentin; Hardness; Minerals; Tooth Remineralization.
Storage protocol of dental pulp cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth.
Authors: Lourenço Neto Natalino , Pereira Letícia Florindo , Marques Nádia Carolina Teixeira , Prado Mariel , Vitor Luciana Lourenço Ribeiro , Tokuhara Cintia Kazuko , Oliveira Rodrigo Cardoso , Machado Maria Aparecida Andrade Moreira , Oliveira Thais Marchini
Published: September 2017

Objective: This study aimed to isolate the cells from the dental pulp tissue of human primary teeth, study the capacity of proliferation, characterize the cells and standardize the technique of culture and expansion to create a cell banking. Material and Methods: Primary teeth with no caries and orthodontic reasons were extracted for pulp tissue obtainment. The cells were extracted from the pulp cells, isolated and cultured under ideal conditions until full expansion. Results: After consecutive passages, the cultured cells were characterized using immunofluorescence technique and frozen between the 2nd and 6th passage, thus creating a biorepository of dental pulp cells from human primary teeth. Conclusion: The creation of a cell banking from dental pulp cells from human primary teeth enables the easy application of cells in laboratorial studies, reducing the cost and time for obtaining the samples, avoid the involvement of new subjects and allow a fast reproducibility of the researches. KeywordsCell culture techniques; Tooth, deciduous; Pulp; Fibroblasts; Cryopreservation.
International financial reporting standards (IFRS) adoption and oil & gas companies performance in Nigeria
Authors: Abdullahi Aminu , Abubakar Musa Yelwa , Ahmad Sunusi Sa’ Ad
Published: September 2017

This study investigates the effect of IFRS adoption on the performance of oil and gas marketing companies in Nigeria. The study utilise financial statements of a sample of eight (8) oil and gas companies operating in the country. These companies were purposively selected due to availability of data. Firms’ performance was proxied by Profit Margin (PM), Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE) ratios and were considered as dependent variables to be determined by reporting regime (RR) as independent variable. While Current Ratio (CR), quick Test (QT), Total Debt Ratio (TDR) Earnings per Share (EPS) and Equity Debt Ratio (EDR) are use as control variables. The ratios were computed and compared for 4 years (2010 to 2011) before mandatory IFRS adoption and 2012 to 2013 often mandatory adoption OLS, regression with help of eviews 9 was employed for the analysis. The study reveals IFRS adoption has not improved the performance of oil and gas companies in Nigeria. The paper recommended that, oil and gas companies should continue to comply with provisions of IFRS as it will improve their reporting quality which may also improve their performance as result of more investment flow, easy access to capital and comparability.
Education and space for mobile lives: A joint studio experiment in Ayvalık
Authors: Çakıcı Fatma Zehra , Örmecioğlu Hilal Tuğba
Published: September 2017

While tragic news of hundreds of refugees, who are trying to reach to Europe through illegal and dangerous routes as they are running from violence of war, rose to rank high on the world agenda, Turkey experience the social, economic and cultural trauma of refugees expressed in millions. Education is one of the critical aspects of the problem, not only as formal education of children but life-saving support for adults who had to adapt themselves to temporary conditions and uncertain future scenarios. With these concerns in mind, the aim of this paper is to convey the process and results of 2015-2016 spring semester conjoint studio of Atatürk University with METU on “education for life-on-move”. Ayvalık is chosen as the project site since it is one of the important destinations of the refugees on their way to Lesbos. Besides, the area is a historic refugee settlement, hosted many different communities, including Greek, Bosnian, Turks etc. for ages. Hence, it developed a pluralist identity and cosmopolitan culture.
The Influence of Repeated Blood Withdrawals before Surgery on Clinical Outcome
Authors: Živná Helena , Živný Pavel , Palička Vladimír , Šimáková Eva , Řeháček Vít
Published: September 2017

The aim of this study was to find the influence of blood withdrawals and diet iron on elective surgery. Male Wistar rats (n=24) were divided: 1. group (SLD) ate standard laboratory diet (SLD), 2. group (FE) an iron enriched diet (FE) with one blood withdrawal after 9 weeks. 3. group (SLD-w) SLD and 4. group (FE-w) ate the FE diet; with 9 withdrawals once a week. The rats were sacrificed 18 hour after partial hepatectomy (PH) in the 10th week. Liver DNA synthesis (3H-thymidin – kBq/mg DNA) was performed. Serum hepcidin (pg/ml), iron concentration, respiratory burst of polymorfonucleares (RB, spontaneous; stimulated, %), count of blood cells were determined. FE-w had a higher (2.36±0.36) liver DNA synthesis after PH vs. SLD (1.21±0.49). Higher hemoglobin in erythrocytes (pg) was in FE-w and SLD-w vs. FE and SLD. PMN count in SLD-w, FE-w increased vs. SLD, FE. Hepcidin after PH decreased in SLD (78.0), FE (68.0), FE-w (97.0), but increased in SLD-w (217). Serum iron increased in SLD-w. RB after PH increased in FE-w (4.5; 47.6) vs. SLD (1.15; 29.1), FE (3.20;17.8), SLD-w (3.30;13.7). Conclusions: The iron diet with stimulation of haematopoesis by withdrawals improves an organism’s condition expressed as better response to elective surgery and better PMN functions.
Elevation of Testosterone and Reduction of Transepidermal Water Loss by Viewing a Humorous Film in Elderly Patients with Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Kimata Hajime
Published: September 2017

The effect of viewing a humorous film on salivary testosterone levels and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) values on the back of the neck in 36 elderly healthy people (36 male, mean 70 years) and 36 elderly patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) (36 male, mean age 70 years) were studied. Salivary testosterone levels were decreased while TEWL values were increased in elderly patients with AD compared to those in elderly healthy people. Viewing a humorous film (The Best Bits of Mr. Bean, Universal studios, 1996) slightly, but significantly (P<0.05), elevated salivary testosterone levels and reduced TEWL values in elderly healthy people, while viewing a control non-humorous film (weather information) failed to do so. Similarly, but more pronouncedly, viewing a humorous film markedly elevated salivary testosterone levels and reduced TEWL values in elderly patients with AD, while viewing a control non-humorous film failed to do so. These finding indicate that viewing a humorous film may be useful in the study of testosterone and TEWL, and treatment for dry skin in elderly people with or without AD.
Use of Stabilometric Platform and Evaluation of Methods for Further Measurments – A Pilot Study
Authors: Jančová Jitka , Tošnerová Vlasta
Published: September 2017

Posture in a still stance has been quantified by changes in the center of pressure (COP), in both anterior-posterior (A/P) and medial-lateral (M/L) directions and measured on a single force platform (Bertec PRO VEC 5.0). The purpose of this study was to estimate the variance in error and the intrasession test-retest reliability, and to determine which measures shall be taken for further measurements, especially with adults age 65 and older. We used two types of approximation for the reliability coefficient. Firstly, we used the equation according to Blahuš (2) and secondly we used the Pearson’s correlation coefficient for test-retest measurements. The findings allow us to say, among other things, that the tests of quiet standing Double Narrow Stance Eyes Open (DNSEO) and Double Narrow Stance Eyes Closed (DNSEC) are parallel, in the sense of parallel testing.
‚Infra-Politik’ der Willkommensgesellschaft
Authors: Karakayali Serhat
Published: September 2017

Im Zuge der so genannten Flüchtlingskrise haben in sehr kurzer Zeit Millionen von Bundesbür*erinnen begonnen, sich ehrenamtlich für Geflüchtete einzusetzen. Damit ist eine breite, viele gesellschaftliche Kreise umfassende Bewegung entstanden, die sich deutlich von früheren Solidaritätsbewegungen für Geflüchtete unterscheidet. Der Fokus auf humanitäre Hilfe und Integrationsmaßnahmen und das geringe Maß an weltanschaulicher Kohärenz lassen vermuten, dass von einer sozialen Bewegung im konventionellen Sinne nicht gesprochen werden kann. Das neue Ehrenamt ist aber keineswegs unpolitisch, wie eine Analyse von Umfragedaten und qualitativen Interviews mit Ehrenamtler*innen in verschiedenen Bundesländern zeigt: Geflüchteten zu helfen ist für die meisten Ehrenamtlichen auch eine Form des politischen Zeichensetzens, insbesondere gegen rechtsextreme Mobilisierungen oder Stimmungsmache auf lokaler Ebene.
Second messenger signaling mechanisms of the brown adipocyte thermogenic program: an integrative perspective
Authors: Shi Fubiao , Collins Sheila
Published: September 2017

β-adrenergic receptors (βARs) are well established for conveying the signal from catecholamines to adipocytes. Acting through the second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) they stimulate lipolysis and also increase the activity of brown adipocytes and the ‘browning’ of adipocytes within white fat depots (so-called ‘brite’ or ‘beige’ adipocytes). Brown adipose tissue mitochondria are enriched with uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), which is a regulated proton channel that allows the dissipation of chemical energy in the form of heat. The discovery of functional brown adipocytes in humans and inducible brown-like (‘beige’ or ‘brite’) adipocytes in rodents have suggested that recruitment and activation of these thermogenic adipocytes could be a promising strategy to increase energy expenditure for obesity therapy. More recently, the cardiac natriuretic peptides and their second messenger cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) have gained attention as a parallel signaling pathway in adipocytes, with some unique features. In this review, we begin with some important historical work that touches upon the regulation of brown adipocyte development and physiology. We then provide a synopsis of some recent advances in the signaling cascades from β-adrenergic agonists and natriuretic peptides to drive thermogenic gene expression in the adipocytes and how these two pathways converge at a number of unexpected points. Finally, moving from the physiologic hormonal signaling, we discuss yet another level of control downstream of these signals: the growing appreciation of the emerging roles of non-coding RNAs as important regulators of brown adipocyte formation and function. In this review, we discuss new developments in our understanding of the signaling mechanisms and factors including new secreted proteins and novel non-coding RNAs that control the function as well as the plasticity of the brown/beige adipose tissue as it responds to the energy needs and environmental conditions of the organism.
Psychological contract breach and turnover intention: the moderating effects of social status and local ties
Authors: Heffernan Margaret , Rochford Eoin
Published: September 2017

The aim of this study is to examine whether social networks reduce the effects of psychological contract breach on an employee’s intention to leave the organisation. This paper focusses on two particular elements of the social network in an organisation: (1) social status and (2) local ties/connectedness. Using a sample of 242 responses from officers in the Irish Defence Forces, the results provide empirical evidence of the impact of psychological contract breach on officer turnover intentions. The results also demonstrate that perceptions of social networks moderate the relationship between psychological contract breach and turnover intentions through social status. Contrary to expectations, strong connectedness with senior officers was also found to be a moderator but not in the direction that was hypothesised. The theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed.
Crystal structure of poly[tetraaqua-bis(μ6-benzene-1,2,4,5-tetracarboxylato)nickel(II)diyttrium(III)]dihydrate, C20H16NiO22Y2
Authors: Zhao Chong-Yang , Zhao Dan , Nie Cong-Kui
Published: September 2017

C20H16NiO22Y2, monoclinic C2/c (no. 15), a = 17.8995(9) Å, b = 7.5278(4) Å, c = 19.9682(10) Å, β = 109.592(1)°, V = 2534.8(2) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0298, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0744, T = 296(2) K.
Distribution of epiphytic algae on macrophytes of various ecological groups (the case study of water bodies in the Dnieper River basin)
Authors: Klochenko Peter , Shevchenko Tatyana
Published: September 2017

The generalization and analysis of original data have shown that the nature of epiphytic algae distribution on higher aquatic plants, representing different ecological groups, is very similar in various types of numerous water bodies in the Dnieper River basin. Their species richness and values of quantitative indices were mostly higher on submerged plants compared to plants of other ecological groups. The number of epiphytic algae species was 1.1-1.7 times higher on submerged plants compared to that on half-submerged plants and 1.6-3.1 times higher compared to plants with floating leaves. The taxonomic structure and species composition of epiphyton were very similar on half-submerged and submerged plants and moderately similar on plants with floating leaves compared to macrophytes of other ecological groups. It is emphasized that the specificity of epiphytic algae distribution on macrophytes of various ecological groups should be taken into account when performing monitoring and assessment of the ecological status of water bodies by the bioindication method.
Flexible Fourier form for volatility breaks
Authors: Li Jing , Enders Walte
Published: September 2017

This paper proposes a class of models: TRIARCH/TRIGARCH models that account for structural breaks in conditional variance using a variant of the flexible Fourier form. Based on the new model, three likelihood multiplier tests are proposed for the null hypotheses of (1) homoskedasticity in the presence of unknown structural breaks; (2) no structural changes in conditional variance; and (3) Integrated GARCH effect. The in-sample fit and out-of-sample forecasts of the TRIGARCH model and GARCH model are compared by simulations. We apply the new models to the SP500 returns. Our finding indicates level shifts in variance, and therefore, the almost integration indicated by the GARCH(1,1) model may be spurious.
Rhodium-rich silicides RERh6Si4 (RE=La, Nd, Tb, Dy, Er, Yb)
Authors: Voßwinkel Daniel , Pöttgen Rainer
Published: September 2017

Polycrystalline RERh6Si4 (RE=La, Nd, Tb, Dy, Er, Yb) samples can be synthesized by arc-melting of the elements. Single crystals of LaRh6Si4, NdRh6Si4 and YbRh6Si4 were synthesized from the elements in bismuth fluxes (non-reactive flux medium). The structures were refined on the basis of single-crystal X-ray diffractometer data: LiCo6P4 type, P6̅m2, a=700.56(3), c=380.55(1) pm, wR2=0.0257, 317 F
2 values, 19 variables for LaRh6Si4, a=698.4(5), c=377.7(2) pm, wR2=0.0578, 219 F
2 values, 19 variables for NdRh6Si4 and a=696.00(3), c=371.97(1) pm, wR2=0.0440, 309 F
2 values, 19 variables for YbRh6Si4. The rhodium and silicon atoms build up three-dimensional, covalently bonded [Rh6Si4]δ− polyanionic networks with Rh–Si distances ranging from 239 to 249 pm. The rare earth atoms fill larger cavities within channels of these networks and they are coordinated by six silicon and twelve rhodium atoms in the form of hexa-capped hexagonal prisms.
Interneuronal Network Activity at the Onset of Seizure-Like Events in Entorhinal Cortex Slices
Authors: Librizzi Laura , Losi Gabriele , Marcon Iacopo , Sessolo Michele , Scalmani Paolo , Carmignoto Giorgio , de Curtis Marco
Published: September 2017

The onset of focal seizures in humans and in different animal models of focal epilepsy correlates with reduction of neuronal firing and enhanced interneuronal network activity. Whether this phenomenon contributes to seizure generation is still unclear. We used thein vitroentorhinal cortex slices bathed in 4-aminopirydine (4-AP) as an experimental paradigm model to evaluate the correlation between interneuronal GABAergic network activity and seizure-like events. Epileptiform discharges were recorded in layer V–VI pyramidal neurons and fast-spiking interneurons in slices from male and female mice and in the isolated female guinea pig brain preparation during perfusion with 4-AP. We observed that 90% of seizure-like events recorded in principal cells were preceded by outward currents coupled with extracellular potassium shifts, abolished by pharmacological blockade of GABAAreceptors. Potassium elevations associated to GABAAreceptor-mediated population events were confirmed in the entorhinal cortex of thein vitroisolated whole guinea pig brain. Fast-rising and sustained extracellular potassium increases associated to interneuronal network activity consistently preceded the initiation of seizure-like events. We conclude that in the 4-AP seizure model, interneuronal network activity occurs before 4-AP-induced seizures and therefore supports a role of interneuron activity in focal seizure generation.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe paper focuses on the mechanisms of ictogenesis, a topic that requires a step beyond the simplistic view that seizures, and epilepsy, are due to an increase of excitatory network activity. Focal temporal lobe seizures in humans and in several experimental epilepsies likely correlate with a prevalent activation of interneurons. The potassium channel blocker 4-aminopyridine reliably induces seizure-like events in temporal lobe structures. Herein, we show that a majority of seizures in the entorhinal cortex starts with interneuronal network activity accompanied by a fast and sustained increase in extracellular potassium. Our new findings reinforce and add a new piece of evidence to the proposal that limbic seizures can be supported by GABAergic hyperactivity.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PERILAKU PENCEGAHAN PENYAKIT LEPTOSPIROSIS (STUDI KASUS DI KELURAHAN TANDANG KECAMATAN TEMBALANG KOTA SEMARANG)
Authors: Illahi Ayu Nur , Fibriana Arulita Ika
Published: September 2017

Leptospirosis merupakan salah satu penyakit infeksi yang berbahaya yang disebabkan oleh bakteri leptospira. Pelaksanaan pencegahan penyakit leptospirosis masih mengalami hambatan. Penelitian ini adalah  explanatory research dengan  rancangan cross sectional. Sampel berjumlah 80 dengan responden ibu rumah tangga. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa variabel yang berhubungan dengan perilaku pencegahan penyakit leptospirosis adalah pengetahuan  (p value=0,023), umur (p value=0,005), pendidikan (p value=0,000), pendapatan keluarga (p value=0,014), sumber informasi (p value=0,001), dan dukungan keluarga (p value=0,017). Variabel yang tidak berhubungan dengan perilaku pencegahan penyakit leptospirosis adalah sikap, pekerjaan, akses pelayanan kesehatan, dan pengalaman.

Leptospirosis is an emerging infectious diseases caused by Leptospira bacteria. Implementation for  prevention behavior of Leptospirosis diseases is barrier. This research was an explanatory research with cross sectional design. Samples numbered 80 and the respondents were housewife. Data analysis was performed by univariate and bivariate. Based on the results of this study found that variables related with prevention behavior Leptospirosis diseases were knowledge (p value= 0.023), age (p value= 0.005), education (p value= 0.000), family income (p value= 0.014), information resources (p value= 0.001), and family support (p value= 0.017). Variables that were not related with prevention behavior Leptospirosis diseases were attitude, occupation, health service access, and experience.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA STATUS MEDICAL CHECK UP TERHADAP KEJADIAN DISABILITAS FISIK PADA LANSIA DI KECAMATAN PUNUNG KABUPATEN PACITAN
Authors: Nurhayati Syarifah , Cahyati Widya Hary
Published: September 2017

Disabilitas adalah penurunan fungsi individu dalam melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari, dimana aktivitas tersebut sebelumnya dapat dilakukan sendiri atau tanpa bantuan orang lain. Disabilitas menyebabkan lansia tidak dapat mencapai tujuan menjadi tua tetap sehat (healthy aging) dan menjadi tua yang aktif (active aging). Penelitian ini membahas tentang status medical check up dan keterkaitannya dengan disabilitas pada lansia di Kecamatan Punung, Kabupaten Pacitan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik observasional dengan pendekatan case control. Jumlah sampelnya adalah 134 terdiri dari 67 kasus dan 67 kontrol yang diambil dengan teknik accidental sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuesioner dan skala keterbatasan GARS (Groningen Activity Restriction Scale). Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji chi-square (α=0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel status medical check up mempunyai hubungan dengan kejadian disabilitas fisik yaitu dengan nilai p value 0,034 dan OR=5,702, yang berarti lansia yang tidak pernah melakukan medical check up ≥40 tahun berisiko 5,702 untuk mengalami kejadian disabilitas fisik.

Disability is a decreasing function of individuals in performing daily activities, where these activities can be done alone or in advance without the help of others. Disability caused elderly can not achieve the goal of becoming elderly stay healthy (healthy aging) and become active elderly (active aging). This research was to identify about the status of the medical check-up and its association with disability in the elderly in District Punung, Pacitan. This research was analytic observational with case control approach. Total sample was composed 134 consist of 67 cases and 67 controls were taken by accidental sampling technique. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire and scale limitations of GARS (Groningen Activity Restriction Scale ). Data analysis was performed with chi-square test (α=0.05). The results showed that the medical check-up status variables influences the occurence of phsycal disability (p value=0.034 and OR = 5.702). The suggests that elderly who have never done medical check up in ≥40th, would have a chance five times to occurence of phsycal disability compared with receive medical check-up.
POLA KONSUMSI FAST FOOD DAN SERAT SEBAGAI FAKTOR GIZI LEBIH PADA REMAJA
Authors: Setyawati Vilda Ana Veria , Rimawati Eti
Published: September 2017

Abstrak

Gizi lebih atau overweight pada saat sekarang merupakan masalah kesehatan di seluruh dunia, mempengaruhi tidak hanya negara maju tapi juga negara berkembang. Survei obesitas yang dilakukan akhir-akhir ini pada anak remaja siswa/siswi SLTP di Yogyakarta menunjukkan bahwa 7,8% remaja di perkotaan dan 2% remaja di daerah pedesaan mengalami obesitas. Pada tahun 2011 berdasarkan hasil penjaringan peserta didik TA 2011/2012 di Kota Semarang pada remaja usia 16 tahun dari 16.579 anak sebesar 3,71% berstatus gizi lebih. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui apakah ada hubungan antara serat dan fast food dengan gizi lebih. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kota Semarang pada remaja sejumlah 65 orang. Variabel bebas penelitian ini adalah pola konsumsi fast food dan serat, sedangkan variabel terikatnya adalah status gizi. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah chi square. Hasilnya, 58,5% responden mengalami malnutrisi yang terdiri dari underweight, overweight, obesitas I, dan obesitas II; sementara 41,5% responden berstatus gizi normal. Sehingga bisa dikatakan bahwa remaja bermasalah dengan status gizi. Konsumsi fast food (p=0,21) dan serat (p=0,43) tidak berhubungan dengan overweight. Sebagian besar responden sering mengkonsumsi fast food (95,4%) dan kurang mengkonsumsi serat (84,6%).

 

Abstract

Overweight is a health problem worldwide, affecting not only developed countries but also developing countries. A recent obesity survey in junior high school students in Yogyakarta showed that 7.8% of teenagers in urban areas and 2% of adolescents in rural areas were obese. In 2011, 3.71% from 16,579 adolescents aged 16 in Semarang were over nutrition. This study aimed to determine if fiber and fast food consumption were correlated with over nutrients. This research was conducted in Semarang with 65 adolescent students as respondents. The independent variables were the pattern of fast food and fiber consumption, while the dependent variable is nutritional status. The data were analyzed with chi square test. The result showed that 58.5% of respondents were malnourished, which consists of underweight, overweight, obese I and obese II; while 41.5% of them were normal in nutrition status. It could be said that the teenagers had a problem with nutritional status. Fast food consumption (p = 0.21) and fiber consumption (p = 0.43) were not significantly associated with overweight. Most respondents consume fast food frequently (95.4%) and consume fiber less (84.6%).
Are Masculine Ideologies Still Dominant in Today’s Canadian Justice System?
Authors: Huston Erin
Published: September 2017

Erin is a fourth year Arts student pursuing a Joint Honours in Legal Studies and in Peace and Conflict Studies at the University of Waterloo, with a minor in Social Development Studies. Her passions are in the intersections of feminism and law, indigenous issues in Canada, and mental health. Going forward Erin hopes to research fat-phobic attitudes in Western culture, and size discrimination as a human rights violation. 
ID2008 Aerosol-based cell delivery as an innovative treatment for lung diseases
Authors: Yahaya Badrul Hisham
Published: September 2017

Endogenous repair mechanism of airway epithelial cells often fails to achieve sufficient cellular turnover and diminish with age, thus leading to permanent alterations in the structure and function of the airway epithelium. The therapeutic use of stem cells and progenitor cells represents a promising alternative for clinical strategy in treating acute and chronic lung disorders. Aerosol-based cell therapy is a novel therapeutic strategy in enhancing reparative process following both acute and chronic lung injuries. In such background, this study was aimed to determine the effect of aerosol-based cell delivery using MicroSprayer® Aerosolizer in the setting of acute lung injury (ALI) and ovalbumin-induced airway injury in the rabbit. In vitro evaluation revealed that the aerosol technique didn’t cause a significant effect on cell morphology, viability and proliferation capability over the course of cell culture period. Aerosol delivery of airway epithelial cells (AEC) and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) resulted in uniform distribution in the distal airway and lung interstitial region. Short term assessment showed that cells delivered to the lungs via aerosol was found to be safe for transplantation with no signs of cell rejection and histopathological alterations in the liver and spleen of all treated animals. Histological evidences also demonstrated that administration of AEC and MSC via aerosolization into the respiratory airway prevented lung inflammation as well as resulted in improvement of both alveolar damage and permeability. To our knowledge, this is the first report of aerosol cell delivery via a Microsprayer® Aerosolizer device to the lungs of rabbits to treat airway injuries. Our findings provide a promising evidence that aerosol-based cell therapy may provide a basis for the development of an innovative approach for the treatment lung injuries.
ID2013 Optimized method for isolation of regenerative stromal cells from human lipoaspirates
Authors: Remelia Melinda
Published: September 2017

Background: One of the problems encountered in the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells therapy as a regenerative medicine is finding an effective and efficient method of adipose tissue processing. In this study, we try to improve the whole adipose processing method so it is not only generates high yield SVF, but also could saving cost and time.  Methods:  Each 30 ml of subcutaneous adipose from twelve patients is separated into three groups treatments as follows: Group A treated with trypsin-EDTA, Group B with recombinant enzyme, and Group C with a commercial kit.  The number and viability of SVF cells in each methods is determined.  The product of SVF is seeded in culture condition. The attached cells analysed with CFU–F testing, FACS assay, and differentiation capability assay are performed to confirm the stem cells properties.  Results:   The average of SVF cells number per 10 ml of adipose in Group A: 1.7 x 106 cells (96.58%), Group B: 5.1 x 107 cells (97.85%), and Group C: 1.9 x 107 cells (96.86%). The result of modified of method B produces up to 1.1 x 109 per 10 ml of adipose.   Findings or Conclusion:  We improved the whole adipose processing method from method previously described. We use non-animal derived recombinant enzyme, more cost and time saving proven compare to collagenase, with the higher yields than that obtained from collagenase, trypsin, or its both combination method.
A Sports-Based Youth Development Program, Teen Mental Health, and Physical Fitness: An RCT
Authors: Ho Frederick Ka Wing , Louie Lobo Hung Tak , Wong Wilfred Hing-sang , Chan Ko Ling , Tiwari Agnes , Chow Chun Bong , Ho Walter , Wong William , Chan Meanne , Chen Eric Yu Hai , Cheung Yiu Fai , Ip Patrick
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVES:

To assess the effectiveness of a positive youth development (PYD)-based sports mentorship program on the physical and mental well-being of adolescents recruited in a community setting.

METHODS:

This is a randomized controlled trial in which we recruited students from 12 secondary schools in Hong Kong, China. Participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to an intervention or a control arm after stratification for school from October 2013 to June 2014. Participants were not blinded to allocation because of the nature of the intervention. Students in the intervention arm received an after-school, PYD-based sports mentorship for 18 weeks. Each weekly session lasted 90 minutes. Students in the control arm received exclusive access to a health education Web site.

RESULTS:

Six hundred and sixty-four students (mean age 12.3 years [SD 0.76]; 386 girls [58.1%]) completed baseline and postintervention assessments. The intervention improved students’ mental well-being (Cohen’s d, 0.25; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.10 to 0.40; P = .001), self-efficacy (Cohen’s d, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.07 to 0.37; P = .01), resilience (Cohen’s d, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.03 to 0.34; P = .02), physical fitness (flexibility [Cohen’s d, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.13 to 0.43; P = .02], lower limb muscle strength [Cohen’s d, 0.18; 95% CI, 0.03 to 0.33; P = .03], and dynamic balance [Cohen’s d, 0.21; 95% CI, 0.06 to 0.37; P = .01]), and physical activity levels (Cohen’s d, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.24 to 0.55; P < .0001). The intervention did not significantly improve physical well-being (Cohen’s d, −0.01; 95% CI, −0.17 to 0.14; P = .86), BMI z scores (Cohen’s d, −0.03; 95% CI, −0.18 to 0.12; P = .69), body fat proportion (Cohen’s d, −0.15; 95% CI, −0.31 to 0.00; P = .051), and social connectedness (Cohen’s d, −0.03; 95% CI, −0.18 to 0.12; P = .72).

CONCLUSIONS:

A PYD-based sports mentorship intervention improved healthy adolescents’ mental well-being, psychological assets, physical fitness, and physical activity levels.
Guest editorial
Authors: Bottino Rosa Maria , Jeuring Johan
Published: September 2017

This special issue of the International Journal of Serious Games (IJSG) collects some of the best papers presented at the Games and Learning Alliance Conference (GaLA Conf), that was held in Utrecht, December 5th-7th 2016. The conference was organized by the Serious Games Society and the Center for Game Research at Utrecht University.