bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-Seed Zea Pellets (MSZP) for increasing agroecosystem biodiversity
Authors: Westbrook Anna S. , Amirkhani Masoume , Taylor Alan G. , Loos Michael T. , Losey John E. , DiTommaso Antonio
Published: February 2023

Intensive agricultural crop production is typically associated with low biodiversity. Low biodiversity is associated with a deficit of ecosystem services, which may limit crop yield (e.g., low pollination of insect-pollinated crops) at the individual field level or exacerbate the landscape-level impacts of intensive agriculture. To increase biodiversity and enhance ecosystem services with minimal loss of crop production area, farmers can plant desirable non-crop species near crop fields. Adoption of this practice is limited by inefficiencies in existing establishment methods. We have developed a novel seed-molding method allowing non-crop species to be planted with a conventional corn (Zea mays L.) planter, reducing labor and capital costs associated with native species establishment. Common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca L.) was selected as a model native species, because Asclepias plants are the sole food source for monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus L.) larvae. Stratified A. syriaca seeds were added to a mixture of binder (maltodextrin) and filler (diatomaceous earth and wood flour) materials in a 3D-printed mold with the dimensions of a corn seed. The resulting Multi-Seed Zea Pellets (MSZP), shaped like corn seeds, were tested against non-pelleted A. syriaca seeds in several indoor and outdoor pot experiments. Molding into MSZP did not affect percent emergence or time to emergence from a 2-cm planting depth. Intraspecific competition among seedlings that emerged from an MSZP did not differ from competition among seedlings that emerged from a cluster of non-pelleted seeds. These findings demonstrate the potential of MSZP technology as a precise and efficient method for increasing agroecosystem biodiversity.
Equatorial Undercurrent Influence on Surface Seawater δ18O Values in the Galápagos
Authors: Conroy Jessica L. , Murray Nicole K. , Patterson Gillian S. , Schore Aiden I. G. , Ikuru Ima , Cole Julia E. , Chillagana David , Echeverria Fernando
Published: February 2023

Stable isotopes of oxygen (δ18O) in seawater reflect the combined influences of ocean circulation and atmospheric moisture balance. However, it is difficult to disentangle disparate ocean and atmosphere influences on modern seawater δ18O values, partly because continuous time series of seawater δ18O are rare. Here we present a nearly nine‐year, continuous record of seawater δ18O values from the Galápagos. Seawater δ18O values faithfully track sea surface salinity and salinity along the equator at 50 m depth. Zonal current velocity within the Equatorial Undercurrent (EUC), directly west of the Galápagos, is strongly correlated with Galápagos surface seawater δ18O values with a 1‐month lag. Reconstructions of Galápagos seawater δ18O values could thus provide a window into past variations in the strength of the EUC, an important influence on large‐scale tropical Pacific climate.
Modifications of the endosomal compartment in fibroblasts from sporadic Alzheimer’s disease patients are associated with cognitive impairment
Authors: Xicota Laura , Lagarde Julien , Eysert Fanny , Grenier-Boley Benjamin , Rivals Isabelle , Botté Alexandra , Forlani Sylvie , Landron Sophie , Gautier Clément , Gabriel Cecilia , Bottlaender Michel , Lambert Jean-Charles , Chami Mounia , Sarazin Marie , Potier Marie-Claude
Published: February 2023

Morphological alterations of the endosomal compartment have been widely described in post-mortem brains from Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients and subjects with Down syndrome (DS) who are at high risk for AD. Immunostaining with antibodies against endosomal markers such as Early Endosome Antigen 1 (EEA1) revealed increased size of EEA1-positive puncta. In DS, peripheral cells such as peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and fibroblasts, share similar phenotype even in the absence of AD. We previously found that PBMCs from AD patients have larger EEA1-positive puncta, correlating with brain amyloid load. Here we analysed the endosomal compartment of fibroblasts from a very well characterised cohort of AD patients (IMABio3) who underwent thorough clinical, imaging and biomarkers assessments. Twenty-one subjects were included (7 AD with mild cognitive impairment (AD-MCI), 7 AD with dementia (AD-D) and 7 controls) who had amyloid-PET at baseline (PiB) and neuropsychological tests at baseline and close to skin biopsy. Fibroblasts isolated from skin biopsies were immunostained with anti-EEA1 antibody and imaged using a spinning disk microscope. Endosomal compartment ultrastructure was also analysed by electron microscopy. All fibroblast lines were genotyped and their AD risk factors identified. Our results show a trend to an increased EEA1-positive puncta volume in fibroblasts from AD-D as compared to controls (p.adj = 0.12) and reveal enhanced endosome area in fibroblasts from AD-MCI and AD-AD versus controls. Larger puncta size correlated with PiB retention in different brain areas and with worse cognitive scores at the time of biopsy as well as faster decline from baseline to the time of biopsy. Finally, we identified three genetic risk factors for AD (ABCA1, COX7C and MYO15A) that were associated with larger EEA1 puncta volume. In conclusion, the endosomal compartment in fibroblasts could be used as cellular peripheral biomarker for both amyloid deposition and cognitive decline in AD patients.
Adaptive photoperiod interpretation modulates phenological timing in Atlantic salmon
Authors: Oldham Tina , Oppedal Frode , Fjelldal Per Gunnar , Hansen Tom Johnny
Published: February 2023

Photoperiod, the portion of 24-h cycle during which an organism is exposed to illumination, is an important phenological cue in many animals. However, despite its influence on critical biological processes, there remain many unknowns regarding how variations in light intensity translate into perceived photoperiod. This experiment examined how light intensity variations affect perceived photoperiod in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) to determine whether photoperiod interpretation is, a) fixed such that anything above a minimum detection threshold is regarded as ‘illumination’, or b) adaptive and varies with recent light exposure. To do this we compared the frequency of smoltification and sexual maturation between groups of male parr which were exposed to one of eight light regimes on a 12:12 cycling regime (12-hour day/12-hour night). The eight regimes were divided into two treatments, four with ‘High’ daytime light intensity and four with ‘Low’ daytime light intensity. The ‘High' and ‘Low' intensity treatments were each sub-divided into four groups for which the subjective ‘night’ light intensity was 100%, 10%, 1% and 0% of the daytime light intensity, with four replicate tanks of each treatment. The results show that above a minimum detection threshold, Atlantic salmon have adaptive photoperiod interpretation which varies with recent light exposure, and that adaptive photoperiod interpretation modulates the timing of the parr-smolt transformation and sexual maturation. Further, we show that photoperiod interpretation varies between closely related families. Given the influence of phenological timing on species survival, our results reveal a critical role for integration of photoperiod interpretation in attempts to understand how geographically shifting thermal niches due to climate change will affect future populations.
Machine learning determination of motivators of terminal extubation during the transition to end-of-life care in intensive care unit
Authors: Waldauf Petr , Scales Nathan , Shahin Jason , Schmidt Matous , van Beinum Amanda , Hornby Laura , Shemie Sam D. , Hogue Melania , Wind Tineke J. , van Mook Walther , Dhanani Sonny , Duska Frantisek
Published: February 2023

Procedural aspects of compassionate care such as the terminal extubation are understudied. We used machine learning methods to determine factors associated with the decision to extubate the critically ill patient at the end of life, and whether the terminal extubation shortens the dying process. We performed a secondary data analysis of a large, prospective, multicentre, cohort study, death prediction and physiology after removal of therapy (DePPaRT), which collected baseline data as well as ECG, pulse oximeter and arterial waveforms from WLST until 30 min after death. We analysed a priori defined factors associated with the decision to perform terminal extubation in WLST using the random forest method and logistic regression. Cox regression was used to analyse the effect of terminal extubation on time from WLST to death. A total of 616 patients were included into the analysis, out of which 396 (64.3%) were terminally extubated. The study centre, low or no vasopressor support, and good respiratory function were factors significantly associated with the decision to extubate. Unadjusted time to death did not differ between patients with and without extubation (median survival time extubated vs. not extubated: 60 [95% CI: 46; 76] vs. 58 [95% CI: 45; 75] min). In contrast, after adjustment for confounders, time to death of extubated patients was significantly shorter (49 [95% CI: 40; 62] vs. 85 [95% CI: 61; 115] min). The decision to terminally extubate is associated with specific centres and less respiratory and/or vasopressor support. In this context, terminal extubation was associated with a shorter time to death.
Robustness of a multivariate composite score when evaluating distress of animal models for gastrointestinal diseases
Authors: Talbot Steven R. , Kumstel Simone , Schulz Benjamin , Tang Guanglin , Abdelrahman Ahmed , Seume Nico , Wendt Edgar H. U. , Eichberg Johanna , Häger Christine , Bleich André , Vollmar Brigitte , Zechner Dietmar
Published: February 2023

The fundament of an evidence-based severity assessment in laboratory animal science is reliable distress parameters. Many readouts are used to evaluate and determine animal distress and the severity of experimental procedures. Therefore, we analyzed four distinct parameters like the body weight, burrowing behavior, nesting, and distress score in the four gastrointestinal animal models (pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA), pancreatitis, CCl4 intoxication, and bile duct ligation (BDL)). Further, we determined the parameters’ robustness in various experimental subgroups due to slight variations like drug treatment or telemeter implantations. We used non-parametric bootstrapping to get robust estimates and 95% confidence intervals for the experimental groups. It was found that the performance of the readout parameters is model-dependent and that the distress score is prone to experimental variation. On the other hand, we also found that burrowing and nesting can be more robust than, e.g., the body weight when evaluating PDA. However, the body weight still was highly robust in BDL, pancreatitis, and CCl4 intoxication. To address the complex nature of the multi-dimensional severity space, we used the Relative Severity Assessment (RELSA) procedure to combine multiple distress parameters into a score and mapped the subgroups and models against a defined reference set obtained by telemeter implantation. This approach allowed us to compare the severity of individual animals in the experimental subgroups using the maximum achieved severity (RELSAmax). With this, the following order of severity was found for the animal models: CCl4 < PDA ≈ Pancreatitis < BDL. Furthermore, the robustness of the RELSA procedure and outcome was externally validated with a reference set from another laboratory also obtained from telemeter implantation. Since the RELSA procedure reflects the multi-dimensional severity information and is highly robust in estimating the quantitative severity within and between models, it can be deemed a valuable tool for laboratory animal severity assessment.
Graft rejection episodes after keratoplasty in Japanese eyes
Authors: Wajima Haguku , Hayashi Takahiko , Kobayashi Akira , Nishino Tsubasa , Mori Natsuko , Yokogawa Hideaki , Yamagami Satoru , Sugiyama Kazuhisa
Published: February 2023

We aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors for graft rejection after keratoplasty in Japanese patients. We enrolled 730 cases (566 patients) of penetrating keratoplasty (PK, N = 198), Descemet’s stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK, N = 277), non-Descemet’s stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (nDSAEK, N = 138), and Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK, N = 117). The incidence, clinical characteristics, and possible risk factors for graft rejection were analyzed. Graft rejection occurred in 65 cases (56 patients, 8.9%). The incidence rate of rejection was highest with PK (3.45/100 person-years), followed by DSAEK (2.34), nDSAEK (1.55), and DMEK (0.24). Cox regression analysis revealed keratoplasty type, younger age, indications (such as failed keratoplasty and infection), and steroid eyedrop use as possible risk factors. In the multivariate model adjusting baseline characteristics, PK and DSAEK had significantly higher hazard ratios (HRs) than DMEK (HR = 13.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.83, 101] for PK, 7.77 [1.03, 58.6] for DSAEK). Although not statistically significant, the HR estimate of nDSAEK to DMEK (HR = 7.64, 95% CI [0.98, 59.6]) indicated higher HR in nDSAEK than in DMEK. DMEK is the favorable option among the four surgical procedures to avoid graft rejection after keratoplasty.
Harnessing soil biodiversity to promote human health in cities
Authors: Sun Xin , Liddicoat Craig , Tiunov Alexei , Wang Bin , Zhang Yiyue , Lu Changyi , Li Zhipeng , Scheu Stefan , Breed Martin F. , Geisen Stefan , Zhu Yong-Guan
Published: February 2023

Biodiversity is widely linked to human health, however, connections between human health and soil biodiversity in urban environments remain poorly understood. Here, we stress that reductions in urban soil biodiversity elevate risks to human health, but soil biodiversity can improve human health through pathways including suppressing pathogens, remediating soil, shaping a beneficial human microbiome and promoting immune fitness. We argue that targeted enhancement of urban soil biodiversity could support human health, in both outdoor and indoor settings. The potential of enhanced urban soil biodiversity to benefit human health reflects an important yet understudied field of fundamental and applied research.
Seagrass meadows are important sources of reef island-building sediment
Authors: East Holly K. , Johnson Jamie A. , Perry Chris T. , Finlay Grace , Musthag Azim , Zahir Hussein , Floyd Matthew
Published: February 2023

The future vulnerability of low-lying atoll nations is inextricably linked to the production of carbonate sediments by organisms living in their adjacent marine environments. Seagrass meadows are commonly found adjacent to reef islands, but their role as sources of reef island-building sediments has been overlooked. Here, we combine field, satellite and sedimentological data to quantify rates of sediment production by seagrass epibionts in a reef island sediment supply context. Total seagrass epibiont sediment production at our study site (Huvadhoo Atoll, Maldives) was 853,000 ± 90,000 kg CaCO3 yr−1 over an area of 1.1 km2. Of this total sediment production, 541,000 ± 23,000 kg CaCO3 yr−1 was estimated to be suitable to contribute to reef island building (sand-sized, post-agitation). Our findings highlight a valuable ecosystem service provided by tropical seagrass meadows as important potential sources of reef island-building sediment. This study, therefore, presents a compelling geomorphic argument for seagrass conservation.
Rapid access to C2-quaternary 3-methyleneindolinesviabase-mediated post-Ugi Conia-ene cyclization
Authors: Zhao Shuang , He Yi , Gao Feiyu , Wei Yue , Zhang Jiawei , Chen Mengxiao , Gao Yunyun , Zhang Yuan , Liu Jun-Yan , Guo Zufeng , Li Zhenghua , Nie Shenyou
Published: February 2023

Highly efficient synthesis of diverse 2,2-disubstituted 3-methyleneindoline derivatives through a one-pot base-promoted post-Ugi 5-exo-dig “Conia-ene”-type cyclization has been disclosed.
Hydroxyl radical-dominated selective oxidation of ethylbenzene over a photoactive polyoxometalate-based metal–organic framework
Authors: Jiao Jiachen , Zhang Ting , Xu Jiangbo , Guo Kaixin , Li Jie , Han Qiuxia
Published: February 2023

A new photoactive POMOF with a stable structure, suitable band gap and good photoelectric properties was assembled. It exhibits an excellent yield and selectivity for ethylbenzene oxidation with O2/H2O by precise control of ˙OH formation.
Ginsenoside Rg1modulates vesicular dopamine storage and release during exocytosis revealed with single-vesicle electrochemistry
Authors: Zhou Junlan , Zhang Jing , Cao Lijiao , Liu Yuying , Liu Luyao , Liu Chunlan , Li Xianchan
Published: February 2023

The effect of ginsenoside Rg1on vesicular neurotransmitter storage and neurotransmitter release during exocytosis using single-vesicle electrochemistry.
Disorder in 2-bromoimidazolium hexafluorophosphate salts: the role of halogen bonds
Authors: Wolfenden Adrian V. , Taylor Chloe M. , Ho Curtis C. , Clegg Jack K. , Kilah Nathan L.
Published: February 2023

Crystal structures of mono- and di-2-bromoimidazolium salts of bromide, hexafluorophosphate, or double salts of the two, have indicated a tendency for disorder in the absence of the bromide anion as a halogen bond acceptor.
Modulation of thermal conductivity of single-walled carbon nanotubes by fullerene encapsulation: the effect of vacancy defects
Authors: Li Yu , Jiang Jin-Wu
Published: February 2023

The relationship between vacancy defects and the fullerene encapsulation effect on the thermal conductivity of single-walled carbon nanotubes is disclosed using molecular dynamics simulations.
Membrane cholesterol regulates the oligomerization and fusogenicity of SARS-CoV fusion peptide: implications in viral entry
Authors: Meher Geetanjali , Bhattacharjya Surajit , Chakraborty Hirak
Published: February 2023

S2 fusion peptide (770–784) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) demonstrates cholesterol-dependent oligomerization and membrane fusion.
Advanced zeolite and ordered mesoporous silica-based catalysts for the conversion of CO2to chemicals and fuels
Authors: Velty Alexandra , Corma Avelino
Published: February 2023

This review summarizes the use of zeolites and ordered mesoporous silica-based catalysts, and the development of new processes and technologies to boost the conversion of CO2into chemicals and fuels.
Direct single-cell antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Escherichia coli in urine using a ready-to-use 3D microwell array chip
Authors: Wu Wenshuai , Cai Gaozhe , Liu Yang , Suo Yuanjie , Zhang Boran , Jin Wei , Yu Yinghua , Mu Ying
Published: February 2023

The ready-to-used 3D microwell array chip enables measurement of the concentrations and antimicrobial susceptibilities of uropathogens in 3 h.
Bayesian optimization of the composition of the lanthanide metal–organic framework MIL-103 for white-light emission
Authors: Kitamura Yu , Toshima Hiroki , Inokuchi Akihiro , Tanaka Daisuke
Published: February 2023

To realize lanthanide metal–organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs) with white light emission, it is necessary to adjust their RGB composition. We adopted the Bayesian optimization technique to optimize the stoichiometric ratio of metal-salts in Ln-MOFs.
Electrical monitoring of organic crystal phase transition using MoS2 field effect transistor
Authors: Boulet Ilan , Pascal Simon , Bedu Frederic , Ozerov Igor , Ranguis Alain , Leoni Thomas , Becker Conrad , Masson Laurence , Matkovic Aleksandar , Teichert Christian , Siri Olivier , Attaccalite Claudio , Huntzinger Jean-Roch , Paillet Matthieu , Zahab Ahmed , Parret Romain
Published: February 2023

MoS2 transistors enable fast and accurate detection of structural modifications that occur during phases transitions of the quinoidal zwitterions layer.
Integrating thermodynamics towards bulk level synthesis of nano Ni catalysts: a green mediated sol–gel auto combustion method
Authors: Krishnan Raji R. , Prasad E. , K H Prema
Published: February 2023

Novel strategy for the environmentally benign bulk level synthesis of nickel nanoparticles.
Rare-earth La-doped VS2−xfor electrochemical nitrate reduction to ammonia
Authors: Wang Guohui , Shen Peng , Chen Kai , Guo Yali , Zhao Xiaolin , Chu Ke
Published: February 2023

A rare-earth La-doped VS2−x is reported as an effective catalyst for electrocatalytic nitrate-to-ammonia conversion, which is attributed to the synergy of La-dopants and S-vacancies to promote NO3RR and suppress hydrogen evolution.
An integrated cellulose aerogel evaporator with improved thermal management and reduced enthalpy of evaporation using a hierarchical coordinated control strategy
Authors: Sun Jiaming , Teng Rui , Tan Jia , Xu Mingcong , Ma Chunhui , Li Wei , Liu Shouxin
Published: February 2023

The synergistic effect between the water states, the evaporation sites and porous structure decreases the enthalpy of evaporation to 949 J g−1 and provides a single-module evaporator with a high evaporation rate of 3.17 kg h−1 m−2.
Engineering pore nanospaces by introducing aromatic effects in UiO-66 for efficient separation of light hydrocarbons
Authors: Zhang Liang , Xiong Xiao-Hong , Meng Liu-Li , Qin Lu-Zhu , Chen Cheng-Xia , Wei Zhang-Wen , Su Cheng-Yong
Published: February 2023

A pore-nanospace-engineering strategy has been developed to construct a series of UiO-66-type Zr-MOFs by introducing different aromatic linkers. UiO-66-Naph exhibits the best C2H6/C3H8light hydrocarbon separation performance from CH4.
Ti3C2Tx MXene embedded metal–organic framework-based porous electrospun carbon nanofibers as a freestanding electrode for supercapacitors
Authors: Pathak Ishwor , Acharya Debendra , Chhetri Kisan , Chandra Lohani Prakash , Subedi Subhangi , Muthurasu Alagan , Kim Taewoo , Ko Tae Hoon , Dahal Bipeen , Kim Hak Yong
Published: February 2023

Ti3C2Tx MXene-integrated porous carbon nanofiber freestanding/flexible electrodes are engineered and the optimized MX-5@PCNF is used for the fabrication of flexible symmetric and asymmetric supercapacitor devices with high energy density.
Novel systematic approach for produced water volume quantification applicable for beneficial reuse
Authors: Eyitayo Stella I. , Watson Marshall C. , Kolawole Oladoyin , Xu Pei , Lawal Kazeem A. , Wigwe Marshal E. , Giussani Alberto
Published: February 2023

PW in the Permian is expected to peak at about 8–16 MMbbl per day in 2023–2027, and the projected PW accessible for external utilization totaled 34–149 Bbbl for the next 38 years.
Tuning the topology of a 2D metal–organic framework from 2D to 3D using modulator assisted synthesis
Authors: Hungwe Johannes , Tshuma Piwai , Gumbo Maureen , Noa Francoise M. Amombo , Öhrström Lars , Mehlana Gift
Published: February 2023

Two novel metal–organic frameworks are isolated from solvothermal conditions. By introducing a modulator, the 2D MSU-10 MOF could be transformed into a 3D network with a rare topology.
Intramolecular cyclization reactions of arylpropargyl amides of electron-deficient α,β-alkenyl carboxylates and related compounds
Authors: Wang Zhichao , Yamazaki Shoko , Morimoto Tsumoru , Takashima Hiroshi , Nakaoku Ayane , Shimizu Makoto , Ogawa Akiya
Published: February 2023

Reactions of arylpropargyl amides of fumarate with a base by heating in xylenes under air gave benz[f]isoindolines. Heating the amides of fumarate and ethenetricarboxylate in DMSO gave aroyl-substituted pyrrolidines, probably via addition of water.
Synthesis of diverse unsymmetric 1,4-adducts via a three-component coupling reaction of malonate derivatives, [60]fullerene and electrophiles/nucleophiles
Authors: Zhang Da-Kang , Ma Wen-Bin , Wei Shuo-Yuan , Chen De-Yun , Hu Xiao , Xuan Jun , Li Fei
Published: February 2023

A three-component coupling reaction of malonate derivatives, [60]fullerene, and electrophiles/nucleophiles has been developed as a facile and efficient method to access various 1,4-asymmetric malonate functionalized [60]fullerenes.
Unlocking fast and highly reversible sodium storage in Fe-based mixed polyanion cathodes for low-cost and high-performance sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Wang Xu , Li Huangxu , Zhang Wei , Ge Xiaochen , He Liang , Zhang Liuyun , Li Shihao , Wen Naifeng , Guo Juanlang , Lai Yanqing , Li Simin , Zhang Zhian
Published: February 2023

The iron-based polyanionic material Na3Fe2(PO4)P2O7is regarded as an excellent cathode due to its outstanding thermal stability and the three-dimensional (3D) open framework structure with facile sodium-ion transport.
On the concept of metal–hydrogen peroxide batteries: improvement over metal–air batteries?
Authors: Exner Kai S.
Published: February 2023

While peroxide formation can be steered toward the desired product without loss in activity, a trade-off between activity and selectivity is encountered for the 2-electron oxygen reduction reaction at the cathode in metal–hydrogen peroxide batteries.
Distributed energy management for underground engineering microgrid with reliable power supply
Authors: Wang Hongda , Jiao Zhipeng , Xing Jianchun , Yang Qiliang , Yang Man , Zhou Yutao , Zhao Jiubing
Published: February 2023

Battery energy storage system (BESS) is of great significance to ensure underground engineering (UE) microgrid to have reliable power supply. Distributed energy management is one of the solutions that can enhance the microgrid reliability by efficiently scheduling the distributed appliances (such as diesel generator, BESS) to accommodate various scenarios. A distributed energy management model is proposed, which can help in reliable power supply by prolonging the lifetime of BESS and reducing the load loss. Considering the different energy consumption needs and dispatching capabilities of three regions of the UE microgrid, the proposed energy management model distributed dispatches the three regions in UE microgrid. In addition, considering the relationship between the depth of discharge and lifetime, the proposed energy management model also contains the BESS lifetime extension model constructed with dynamic charge‐discharge rate and dynamic bidirectional AC/DC converter efficiency. Based on the deterministic optimisation method, the optimal solution of the proposed energy management model is obtained. The effectiveness of the proposed energy management model is validated under six scenarios (that is grid connected mode, off grid mode, partial interconnection mode, interconnection mode, and independent modes with and without power exchange). The simulation results demonstrate that compared with the conventional model, the proposed model can reduce the operation cost by 6.46% and the load loss rate by 0.747%, which helps to improve the reliability of UE microgrid.
Design of a new robust controller for voltage regulation of DC link in wind‐farm‐side converter integrated with a hybrid AC and DC large‐scale power system
Authors: Darabian Mohsen , Bagheri Amir , Yousefi Sajjad
Published: February 2023

The main aim of this paper is to improve dynamic performance of a multi‐terminal DC (MTDC) grid in a wind‐integrated AC power system through DC voltage control. The proposed approach is based on design of robust H∞ controller and loop shaping along with mutual quality decomposition method (MQDM). For extracting transfer function of the plant, model of Master‐Slave control system is converted to standard feedback control system. Then, based on the obtained difference between singular‐value curves of the main open‐loop system and the proposed method, the weighting functions of robust H∞ controller are selected. In the next step, by using the MQDM technique, the transfer function ofthe system in state‐space form is evaluated to extract gain of the robust controller. For practicality of the conducted approach, singular‐value order reduction Hankel algorithm along with frequency response analysis have been used for designing the gain of the robust controller. The developed method has been implemented on the MTDC converter in the wind farm side to control the voltage of DC grid. The simulations are accomplished in MATLAB, where by considering different uncertainties in the DC grid, wind unit, and the AC grid, robustness of the proposed approach has been clearly demonstrated.
Anionic liposomes prepared without organic solvents for effective siRNA delivery
Authors: Han Xiu , Lu Yan , Xu Zhaoluo , Chu Yanan , Ma Xueping , Wu Haiping , Zou Bingjie , Zhou Guohua
Published: February 2023

Currently, organic solvents are necessary for the preparation of anionic liposomes for siRNA delivery. The removal of organic solvent is time‐consuming and the residual organic solvent is not only a hidden danger, but also affects the stability of anionic liposomes. Glycerol, which is physiologically compatible and does not need to be removed, is used to promote the dispersion of lipids and the formation of anionic liposomes. Additionally, the preparation process is simple and not time‐consuming. The results showed that anionic liposomes, which were typically spherical with a particle size of 188.9 nm were successfully prepared with glycerol. And with the help of Ca2+, siRNA was encapsulated in anionic liposomes. The highest encapsulation efficiency at 2.4 mM Ca2+ reached 91%. And the formation of calcium phosphate could promote the endosomal escape of siRNA effectively. The results from cell viability showed that the anionic liposomes had no obvious cytotoxicity. It was also verified that anionic liposomes could improve the resistance of siRNA against degradation. Additionally, siRNA delivered by anionic liposomes could play an effective role in knockout. Therefore, anionic liposomes prepared with glycerol will be a safe and effective delivery platform for siRNA and even other nucleic acid drugs.
The miniJPAS survey: AGN and host galaxy coevolution of X-ray-selected sources
Authors: López I. E. , Brusa M. , Bonoli S. , Shankar F. , Acharya N. , Laloux B. , Dolag K. , Georgakakis A. , Lapi A. , Ramos Almeida C. , Salvato M. , Chaves-Montero J. , Coelho P. , Díaz-García L. A. , Fernández-Ontiveros J. A. , Hernán-Caballero A. , González Delgado R. M. , Marquez I. , Pović M. , Soria R. , Queiroz C. , Rahna P. T. , Abramo R. , Alcaniz J. , Benitez N. , Carneiro S. , Cenarro J. , Cristóbal-Hornillos D. , Dupke R. , Ederoclite A. , López-Sanjuan C. , Marín-Franch A. , Mendes de Oliveira C. , Moles M. , Sodré Jr L. , Taylor K. , Varela J. , Ramió H. V.
Published: February 2023

Studies indicate strong evidence of a scaling relation in the local Universe between the supermassive black hole mass (MBH) and the stellar mass of their host galaxies (M⋆). They even show similar histories across cosmic times of their differential terms: the star formation rate (SFR) and black hole accretion rate (BHAR). However, a clear picture of this coevolution is far from being understood. We selected an X-ray sample of active galactic nuclei (AGN) up to z = 2.5 in the miniJPAS footprint. Their X-ray to infrared spectral energy distributions (SEDs) have been modeled with the CIGALE code, constraining the emission to 68 bands, from which 54 are the narrow filters from the miniJPAS survey. For a final sample of 308 galaxies, we derived their physical properties, such as their M⋆, SFR, star formation history (SFH), and the luminosity produced by the accretion process of the central BH (LAGN). For a subsample of 113 sources, we also fit their optical spectra to obtain the gas velocity dispersion from the broad emission lines and estimated the MBH. We calculated the BHAR in physical units depending on two radiative efficiency regimes. We find that the Eddington ratios (λEdd) and its popular proxy (LX/M⋆) have a difference of 0.6 dex, on average, and a KS test indicates that they come from different distributions. Our sources exhibit a considerable scatter on the MBH − M⋆ scaling relation, which can explain the difference between λEdd and its proxy. We also modeled three evolution scenarios for each source to recover the integral properties at z = 0. Using the SFR and BHAR, we show a notable diminution in the scattering between MBH − M⋆. For the last scenario, we considered the SFH and a simple energy budget for the AGN accretion, and we retrieved a relation similar to the calibrations known for the local Universe. Our study covers ∼1 deg2 in the sky and is sensitive to biases in luminosity. Nevertheless, we show that, for bright sources, the link between the differential values (SFR and BHAR) and their decoupling based on an energy limit is the key that leads to the local MBH − M⋆ scaling relation. In the future, we plan to extend this methodology to a thousand degrees of the sky using JPAS with an X-ray selection from eROSITA, to obtain an unbiased distribution of BHAR and Eddington ratios.
First detection of radio recombination lines of ions heavier than helium
Authors: Liu Xunchuan , Liu Tie , Shen Zhiqiang , Goldsmith Paul F. , Evans Neal J. , Qin Sheng-Li , Luo Qiuyi , Cheng Yu , Liu Sheng-Yuan , Zhu Fengyao , Tatematsu Ken’ichi , Liu Meizhu , Yang Dongting , Li Chuanshou , Chen Li , Li Juan , Lu Xing , Gu Qilao , Zhao Rongbing , Li Bin , Wu Yajun , Zhong Weiye , Zhao Zhang , Wang Jinqing , Liu Qinghui , Xia Bo , Fu Li , Yan Zhen , Zhang Chao , Wang Lingling , Ye Qian , Liu Hongli , Zhang Chao , Xu Fengwei , Sahu Dipen
Published: February 2023

We report the first detection of radio recombination lines (RRLs) of ions heavier than helium. In a highly sensitive multi-band (12–50 GHz) line survey toward Orion KL with the TianMa 65-m Radio Telescope (TMRT), we successfully detected more than fifteen unblendedαlines of RRLs of singly ionized species (XII) recombined from XIII. TheKa-band (26–35 GHz) spectrum also shows tentative signals ofβlines of ions. The detected lines can be successfully crossmatched with the rest frequencies of RRLs of C IIand/or O II. This finding greatly expands the scope of our understanding of ion RRLs, since prior to this work, only two blended lines (105αand 121α) of He IIhad been reported. Our detected lines can be fitted simultaneously under assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). An abundance of C IIIand O IIIof 8.8×10−4was obtained, avoiding the complexities of optical and infrared observations and the blending of RRLs of atoms. It is consistent with but approaches the upper bound of the value (10−4–10−3) estimated from optical and infrared observations. The effects of dielectronic recombination may contribute to enhancing the level populations even at largen. We expect future observations using radio interferometers could break the degeneracy between C and O, while also helping to reveal the ionization structure and dynamical evolution of various ionized regions.
A method for the elicitation of copulas
Authors: González-López Verónica Andrea , Litvinoff Justus Vinícius
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we introduce a method to construct copulas. The method is based on combining the partial derivatives of two copulas. We prove that the proposed method provides a copula. Then, we exemplify the application of the method in several cases, illustrating the versatility of the method. We also prove that using copulas from the family introduced in Rodríguez-Lallena and Úbeda-Flores (2004) [Stat Probab Lett 66, 3, 315–325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spl.2003.09.010], the method provides a copula inside that family.
Green Dialysis und EDTNA/ERCA
Authors: Nipshagen Sabine
Published: February 2023

Das Thema Klimaschutz betrifft nicht nur unseren privaten Umgang mit Ressourcen. Längst haben die Themen Umweltschutz, Ressourcenschonung und Nachhaltigkeit bei unseren Fachkonferenzen ihren festen Platz. Die in diesem Jahr drastisch gestiegenen Energiekosten erfordern ebenfalls, dass wir uns mit der Thematik „umweltfreundliches Dialysezentrum“ auseinandersetzen. Der Berufsverband EDTNA/ERCA und hier besonders Jitka Pancirova (Tschechische Republik) widmet sich seit über 10 Jahren diesem Thema.
Verfügbarkeit der assistierten Peritonealdialyse in Europa: Forderung nach besserem und gleichberechtigtem Zugang
Authors: Kitsche Benno
Published: February 2023

Brown und Kollegen beschreiben die Situation der assistierten Peritonealdialyse (asPD) für selbsthilfeeingeschränkte Patienten im Hinblick auf gleichberechtigten Zugang, Lebensqualität und Ökonomie in Europa.
Fördernde und hemmende Faktoren der Palliativversorgung bei chronisch Nierenkranken
Authors: Haag Stefanie
Published: February 2023

Die Palliativmedizin wird zunehmend auch in der nephrologischen Versorgung notwendig. Es umfasst die Beendigung einer Dialysetherapie und die konservative Therapie von chronisch Nierenkranken. Um eine patientenzentrierte Entscheidungsfindung und Versorgung gewährleisten zu können, wurden mithilfe der Delphi-Umfrage die Förderer und Hindernisse einer Palliativversorgung ermittelt. Es zeigte sich, dass eine spezifische Ausbildung sowie die Rolle der Familie und Pflegekräfte als fördernde Faktoren gelten, wohingegen die Unterschiede der Kulturen und die mangelnde Erfahrung des medizinischen Personals als Hindernisse bestanden.
Identifikation von Juckreizpatienten an der Dialyse und Neuerungen der Behandlungsleitlinie
Authors: Schricker Severin , Latus Jörg
Published: February 2023

„Juckreiz“ insbesondere bei Dialysepatient*innen ist mit ca. 20–30 % Betroffenen ein häufiges Symptom, aber noch oft unterdiagnostiziert. Von chronischem Pruritus wird ab einer Symptomdauer von über 6 Wochen gesprochen 1. Dieser Artikel soll anlässlich der neuen S2k-Leitlinie 2 und der Zulassung von Difelikefalin bei Chronic Kidney Disease assoziierter Pruritus (CKD-aP) einen praxisnahen Überblick bieten.
Dialyse auf dem Weg des Glasgower CO2-Reduktionspfads
Authors: Beige Joachim , Pachmann Martin
Published: February 2023

Leider befasst man sich erst in den letzten 1–2 Jahren signifikant mehr mit der Rolle der Nephrologie und der Dialysemedizin für die Emission von CO2 und die Klimaveränderung. Mittlerweile haben unter anderem internationale Fachgesellschaften und die EU-Kommission (European Green Deal) das Thema auf die Agenda gesetzt. Der vorliegende Artikel gibt einen Überblick zu diesen Entwicklungen, nimmt eine Statusfeststellung für Deutschland vor und zeichnet eine Linie zur möglichen nephrologischen Anpassung an die Ziele des Weltklimarates.
Die Zukunft der Nierenersatztherapie
Authors: Wieringa Fokko
Published: February 2023

In den letzten Jahren hat sich eine erfreuliche Dynamik in der Entwicklung innovativer, tragbarer und implantierbarer künstlicher Nieren entwickelt. Damit kann wahrscheinlich vielen Problemen, wie dem Personalmangel, dem Mangel an Spenderorganen oder der wachsenden Kostenbelastung der Gesundheitssysteme, besser begegnet werden. Zugleich erhalten die Patienten damit eine größere Unabhängigkeit und mehr Mobilität. Die Geschwindigkeit des Fortschritts ist dabei stark von den verfügbaren Geldmitteln sowie der Bereitschaft zu internationaler Zusammenarbeit abhängig.
Förderpreis Nephrologische Pflege 2023
Authors: Schäfer Christian
Published: February 2023

Die Thieme Gruppe schreibt im Jahr 2023 wieder den Förderpreis Nephrologische Pflege aus und stiftet das Preisgeld von 1500 Euro.
Liebe Leserinnen und Leser,
Authors: Buschmann-Steinhage Rolf
Published: February 2023

wenn dieses Heft erscheint, geht der Angriffskrieg Russlands gegen die Ukraine schon
in sein zweites Jahr. Im Editorial zum Heft 6–2022 sind wir darauf
eingegangen und haben auch beschrieben, wie die Menschen in und aus der Ukraine
unterstützt werden können.
Per App vom Krankenbett in die Patientenakte
Authors: Reisinger Kathrin , Journalistin Freie
Published: February 2023

Mobile Anwendungen halten immer mehr Einzug in den Klinikalltag. Besonders im
Wundmanagement zeigen sich die Vorteile solcher Lösungen. Die hohe Form
der Patientenversorgung bieten digitale Lösungen, die dazu noch
sektorenübergreifend eingesetzt werden können. Eine Reise durch
den App-Markt.
Photoinduced Carboarylation of Alkenes by Using Bifunctional Reagents
Authors: Hong Sungwoo , Kim Minseok , Lee Kangjae , Kim Seonyul
Published: February 2023

Intermolecular alkene difunctionalization is an effective method for rapidly increasing molecular complexity with two valuable groups. We report a strategy for the photocatalytic radical-mediated desulfonylative carboarylation of alkenes by using strategically designed arylsulfonyl acetates as both arylating and carbonylating reagents. By using an Ir complex as a photocatalyst, aryl and carbonyl groups were simultaneously incorporated into alkenes to afford synthetically useful derivatives under mild reaction conditions. This transformation is characterized by a broad substrate scope and good functional-group compatibility.
HCCs lacking arterial phase hyperenhancement (APHE) on contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) – a diagnostic challenge. Findings from the prospective multicenter DEGUM CEUS HCC trial
Authors: Strobel Deike , Agaimy Abbas , Jesper Daniel , Zundler Sebastian , Schellhaas Barbara
Published: February 2023

Objectives Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) upon contrast-enhanced
ultrasound (CEUS) typically shows arterial phase hyperenhancement (APHE), followed by late
(> 60 seconds) and mild contrast washout (WO). Although APHE is considered as the hallmark
of HCC, it can be absent in some HCCs. Thus, we explored which sonomorphological and
histopathological features of HCC are associated with a lack of APHE upon CEUS.

Methods Focal liver lesions in high-risk patients for HCC were
assessed with CEUS following a standardized protocol in a prospective multi-center real-life
setting. CEUS patterns in HCC were assessed, and tumour and patient characteristics were
compared for HCCs with and without APHE.

Results 316 patients with HCC were recruited (cirrhosis, 76.9%).
APHE occurred in 271/316 HCCs (85.8%). A lack of APHE was associated with portal vein
thrombosis, tumour infiltration of the liver vessels (p<0.001), larger size,
multilocularity, and higher depth location upon ultrasound (p<0.01). Histological grading
did not differ between HCCs with and without APHE (p=0.39). Histopathological features of HCCs
without APHE included cirrhotic stromal reaction, marked tumour cell steatosis and absence of
the typical surrounding dilated sinusoidal vascular channels.

Conclusion Correlation with histopathological findings support
the fact that HCCs with a lack of APHE in CEUS are a heterogeneous group. The examiner has to
be aware that particularly HCCs with portal vein thrombosis or macro-invasion of the liver vessels may lack
APHE.
Diagnostic accuracy of the IDEA protocol for non invasive diagnosis of rectosigmoid DE – a prospective cohort study
Authors: Szabó Gábor , Hudelist Gernot , Madár István , Rigó János Jr. , Dobó Noémi , Fintha Attila , Lipták Laura , Kalovics Emma , Fancsovits Veronika , Bokor Attila
Published: February 2023

Objectives To test the accuracy of TVS applying the IDEA approach for suspected rectosigmoid DE and to determine the frequency of other pelvic diseases mimicking DE in patients undergoing surgery.

Materials und Methods Prospective single center observational study including consecutive women undergoing TVS for clinically suspected rectosigmoid DE followed by conservative or surgical therapy. TVS findings were compared with those obtained by laparoscopy and confirmed histologically.

Results Of the 671 included patients, 128 women opted for medical therapy, and 6 patients decided for surgery but did not give consent to participate in the study. 537 women were enrolled in the final analysis. 279 (52 %) exhibited surgically confirmed rectosigmoid DE. The sensitivity and specificity, positive and negative predictive value (PPV, NPV), positive and negative likelihood ratio (LR+/–) and accuracy of TVS for diagnosing DE in the rectosigmoid were 93.5 %, 94.6 %, 94.9 %, 93.1 %, 17.24, 0.07, 94.04 %. 12 women who were clinically suspected for DE and mimicked sonographic signs fulfilling the IDEA criteria did exhibit other pathologies. Diagnoses were as follows: vaginal Gartner duct cyst (3/291;1.0 %), anorectal abscess (3/291; 1.0 %), rectal cancer (2/291;0.7 %), hydrosalpinx (2/291;0.7 %), metastatic endometrial cancer (1/291;0.35 %) and Crohn’s disease (1/291;0.35 %).

Conclusion TVS for diagnosing colorectal DE applying the IDEA criteria is highly accurate for presurgical diagnosis. However, additional pelvic pathologies are encountered in 4–5 % of women attending for suspected rectosigmoid DE. These need to be taken into account when investigating patients for suspected DE.
Artificial intelligence for diagnosing neoplasia on digital cholangioscopy: development and multicenter validation of a convolutional neural network model
Authors: Robles-Medranda Carlos , Baquerizo-Burgos Jorge , Alcivar-Vasquez Juan , Kahaleh Michel , Raijman Isaac , Kunda Rastislav , Puga-Tejada Miguel , Egas-Izquierdo Maria , Arevalo-Mora Martha , Mendez Juan C. , Tyberg Amy , Sarkar Avik , Shahid Haroon , del Valle-Zavala Raquel , Rodriguez Jorge , Merfea Ruxandra C. , Barreto-Perez Jonathan , Saldaña-Pazmiño Gabriela , Calle-Loffredo Daniel , Alvarado Haydee , Lukashok Hannah P.
Published: February 2023

Background We aimed to develop a convolutional neural network (CNN) model for detecting neoplastic lesions during real-time digital single-operator cholangioscopy (DSOC) and to clinically validate the model through comparisons with DSOC expert and nonexpert endoscopists.

Methods In this two-stage study, we first developed and validated CNN1. Then, we performed a multicenter diagnostic trial to compare four DSOC experts and nonexperts against an improved model (CNN2). Lesions were classified into neoplastic and non-neoplastic in accordance with Carlos Robles-Medranda (CRM) and Mendoza disaggregated criteria. The final diagnosis of neoplasia was based on histopathology and 12-month follow-up outcomes.

Results In stage I, CNN2 achieved a mean average precision of 0.88, an intersection over the union value of 83.24 %, and a total loss of 0.0975. For clinical validation, a total of 170 videos from newly included patients were analyzed with the CNN2. Half of cases (50 %) had neoplastic lesions. This model achieved significant accuracy values for neoplastic diagnosis, with a 90.5 % sensitivity, 68.2 % specificity, and 74.0 % and 87.8 % positive and negative predictive values, respectively. The CNN2 model outperformed nonexpert #2 (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC]-CRM 0.657 vs. AUC-CNN2 0.794, P < 0.05; AUC-Mendoza 0.582 vs. AUC-CNN2 0.794, P < 0.05), nonexpert #4 (AUC-CRM 0.683 vs. AUC-CNN2 0.791, P < 0.05), and expert #4 (AUC-CRM 0.755 vs. AUC-CNN2 0.848, P < 0.05; AUC-Mendoza 0.753 vs. AUC-CNN2 0.848, P < 0.05).

Conclusions The proposed CNN model distinguished neoplastic bile duct lesions with good accuracy and outperformed two nonexpert and one expert endoscopist.
Preoperative Coil-Embolization of a Large, Myelon-Compressing Vertebral Metastasis Involving the Artery of Adamkiewicz
Authors: Becker Lena S. , Becker E.R. , Stuebig T. , Hinrichs J.B.
Published: February 2023

Metastatic spinal cord compression causes neurologic impairment and pain, potentially improved by decompression surgery at the risk of heavy intraoperative bleeding. Preoperative embolization carries the risk of nontarget embolization, potentially causing spinal ischemia. Current evidence indicates that knowledge of artery of Adamkiewicz (AKA) location and the amount of collateralization may help estimate the risk of postinterventional spinal cord injury. In this case of a 73-year-old female patient with progression of a large, myelon-compressing vertebral metastasis of L1, protective, blood-flow-controlling occlusion of the proximal-most points of the AKA and segmental spinal arteries was safely performed prior to tumor embolization, surgical decompression, and tumor debulking.