bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les séries télévisées au prisme de l’intertextualité : quelques perspectives sur les frontières du littéraire
Authors: Ludot-Vlasak Ronan
Published: December 2017

À partir des développements que Giorgio Agamben consacre à la notion de profanation, cet article cherche à dégager des perspectives théoriques sur l’intertextualité dans les séries télévisées américaines. Non seulement les références intertextuelles à l’œuvre dans les séries télévisées sont en mesure de profaner des textes canoniques et d’ébranler certaines traditions interprétatives, mais leur analyse permet également d’élargir le champ des études intertextuelles et de renouveler notre approche du canon littéraire. Les œuvres télévisuelles étudiées dans cet article incluent Battlestar Galactica (2004-2009), Queer As Folk (2000-2005) et Cold Case (2003-2010).
Enhancement of Energetic Materials Combustion Process
Authors: Goncalves Rene Francisco Boschi , Iha Koshun , Rocco José A. F. F.
Published: December 2017

Fuels and energetic materials enhancements have been focus of several studies in the past few years, as the sole development of the engines (design, structure of the combustion chambers and stronger materials) leads to a limited efficiency. One of the most effective ways of enhancing the energetic capabilities of a fuel is via enrichment with a highly reactive species, such as hydrogen and ozone, as these materials significantly increase the reaction mechanism kinetics, enabling the occurrence of faster reactions and increasing the temperature of the chamber. The present chapter aims to summarize some of the applications of fuel enrichment and the so far achieved results, focusing in internal combustion engines and systems for automotive, energy-generation or aerospace applications.
Laser Ignition of Metalized Solid Propellants
Authors: Assovskiy Igor G.
Published: December 2017

This Chapter presents a theoretical analysis of radiation interaction with a semi-transparent metalized energetic material. Main regularities of the laser pulse interaction with metalized compositions are considered within the framework of non-resonant interaction of radiation with matter. The large variety of metalized composite propellants with different properties of the components, their ratio and dispersion can be divided into two classes, depending on the ratio of the laser irradiation's characteristic time (tr) and the thermal relaxation time of the propellant characteristic cell containing one metal particle (tm). Analysis of the role of metallic particles shape shows that in the case of spherical metal particles, duration of the laser pulse corresponds to the optimal size of particles, heated to a maximum temperature. In the case of flat metallic particles and constant pulse duration, the critical radiation flux and the critical density of ignition energy significantly decrease with decreasing thickness of the particle.
Dynamics of the Internal Flow in Swirl Atomizers by CFD Simulations
Authors: Savonov Roman Ivanovitch
Published: December 2017

This work presents the simulation of the internal flow in a swirl atomizer. The geometry of the atomizer is calculated by analytical equations used in engineering. The numerical simulation of the two-phase flow is performed by using two equations k-ε turbulence model. The fluids are presented as two-fluid homogeneous model. The interface between two phases is calculated by free surface model. The distribution fields of the axial and tangential velocities, pressures and air core are obtained. The aim of this work is to compare the results obtained by numerical simulation with ones obtained analytically. Also, to study the internal fluids flow inside the atomizer.
Green Propellants
Authors: da Silva Gilson
Published: December 2017

Friendly or green compositions are being sought in many kinds of applications, such as fertilization, building materials, energy generation, and so on. Thus, this classification (green) can be established after the subjection of the compound to a thorough toxicity study. The research for low toxicity and no damage to the environment has stimulated the development of specific investigation lines in many areas. Inevitably, the criteria for safe handling, sensitivity and, mainly, specific impulse (efficiencies) of propellant compositions is still superior compared to ecological appeals. Nowadays, however, the solid or liquid propulsion, as aerospace as military, has already compounds to efficiency and eco-friendly characteristics. Thus, the chapter proposed will show a review in the energetic materials area, aiming at the most promising materials to be used as oxidizers and combustibles in a green propulsion system.
Role of Agents to Enhance the Security and Scalability in Cloud Environment
Authors: Malhotra Manisha , Singh Aarti
Published: December 2017

Cloud computing is a novel paradigm that changes the industry viewpoint of inventing, developing, deploying, scaling, updating, maintaining, and paying for applications and the infrastructure on which they are deployed. Due to dynamic nature of cloud computing it is quite easy to increase the capacity of hardware or software, even without investing on purchases of it. This feature of cloud computing is named as scalability which is one of the main concern in cloud environment. This chapter presents the architecture of scalability by using mobile agents. It also highlights the other main issues prevailing in cloud paradigm. Further it presents the hybrid architecture for data security which is also the one of major concern of it. This chapter mainly highlights the solution for scalability and security.
Security Issues in the Internet of Things
Authors: Yassein Muneer Bani , Mardini Wail , Al-Abdi Amnah
Published: December 2017

Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the most active and hot topics these days in which most of our everyday objects are connected with each other over internal and external networks. As in any data communication paradigm there are security aspects that should be taken care of. The traditional security mechanisms are usually not applicable in IoT because there are different standards involved, this make the security preservation is one of the main challenges in IoT. According to previous surveys, there are many of security issues in regards to IoT. In this chapter, five issues from the security issues in IoT are discussed; Access Control, Authentication, Privacy, Policy Enforcement, and Trust. After that, major proposed solutions from the literature is listed and compared according to the strength and weakness points for each of them.
A Survey of Probabilistic Broadcast Schemes in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Authors: Yassein Muneer Bani , Shatnawi Mohammed , l-Qasem Nesreen
Published: December 2017

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) is a collection of wireless mobile devices that dynamically communicates with each other as a self-configuration without the need of centralized administration or fixed infrastructure. In this paper, we interested to introduce the different broadcast methods based on the probabilistic scheme which is simple implement code with speed broadcast and to reduce a storm broadcast problem effects and to alleviate redundancy through rebroadcast by using different routing protocols such as (AODV, DSR, LAR, PAR) that we interested in MANETs.
Optimization of Process Parameters in Plasma Arc Cutting Applying Genetic Algorithm and Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Dash Nehal , Roy Apurba Kumar , Debta Sanghamitra , Kumar Kaushik
Published: December 2017

Plasma Arc Cutting (PAC) process is a widely used machining process in several fabrication, construction and repair work applications. Considering gas pressure, arc current and torch height as the inputs and among all possible outputs, in the present work Material Removal Rate and Surface Roughness would be considered as factors that determines the quality, machining time and machining cost. In order to reduce the number of experiments Design of Experiments (DOE) would be carried out. In later stages applications of Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Fuzzy Logic would be used for Optimization of process parameters in Plasma Arc Cutting (PAC). The output obtained would be minimized and maximized for Surface Roughness and Material Removal Rate respectively using Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Fuzzy Logic.
Novel Approaches to Prediction of a Future Number of Failures Based on Previous In-Service Inspections
Authors: Nechval Nicholas A. , Nechval Konstantin N.
Published: December 2017

In this chapter, we present novel approaches to predictions of the number of failures that will be observed in a future inspection of a sample of units, based only on the results of the previous in-service inspections of the same sample. The failure-time of such units is modeled with a distribution from a two-parameter Weibull distribution. The different cases of parametric uncertainty are considered. The pivotal quantity averaging approach proposed here for constructing point prediction and simple prediction limits emphasizes pivotal quantities relevant for eliminating unknown parameters from the problems and represents a special case of the method of invariant embedding of sample statistics into a performance index applicable whenever the statistical problem is invariant under a group of transformations, which acts transitively on the parameter space. For illustration, a numerical example is given.
Summability Techniques and Their Applications in Soft Computing
Authors: Sonker Smita , Munjal Alka
Published: December 2017

Summability methods are a useful tool in dealing with the problems in the soft computing like in filtering of the signals and for stabilizing the systems. Signals can be in the form of various types of series (Infinite Series, Fourier series, etc.) and hence, summability theory is applicable in finding the error of approximation and degree of approximation of such signals. In this chapter, the authors gave an introductory discussion on summability theory and approximation of the signals. Further, they explained about the stability of the frequency response of the system. Also, they used the Fourier approximation in the soft computing models (multilayer perceptrons; radial basis function (RBF) or regularization networks, and fuzzy logic models) and found the output data of requirement.
School on the Cloud
Authors: Donert Karl , Papoutsis Panos
Published: December 2017

The School on the Cloud: connecting education to the Cloud for digital citizenship (SoC network) meets an obvious need in the current education situation in Europe. The use of Cloud Computing in business, industry and society demonstrates the immense value and savings for individuals and organizations. In education, Cloud Computing is highly relevant but it is also very innovative. Education is traditionally slow to innovate and implement change. Despite this, SoC has identified nationwide initiatives to integrate Cloud services to support core administrative functions. It's integration in learning and teaching is much less established. This chapter describes the objectives and approaches, the working groups, the partnership and the project management of the network.
Playful Education and Innovative Gamified Learning Approaches
Authors: Pavlidis George P. , Markantonatou Stella
Published: December 2017

In the recent decades, there has been a significant investment in the incorporation of games in the educational practice. This has taken either the form of game-based learning or serious gaming. A literature review on gaming and education results in numerous works tackling different aspects of the approach. Even a simple search on the Web on gaming and learning produces multi-million results. In this work, we try to touch not only the surface of this approach and provide typical game-based learning evaluation results but also to explore its inner workings (offering a modest mixed philosophical and science aspect) and to provide an even more concrete foundation for a playful education.
Cloud-Based Personalized Movement Student Learning
Authors: Kourtessis Thomas , Avgerinos Andreas G. , Tsiantis Haralambos , Liberi Maria , Goufas Emmanouil
Published: December 2017

This chapter presents a case study related to the development of an in-school framework that is concerned with the identification, assessment and interventional management of children with developmental coordination disorder and motor learning disabilities. The aim was to use reliable and tested procedures of identification and assessment as well as to adopt teaching methodologies that discover, reveal and use the individual characteristics of each child to reduce the limitations and to make in-school movement situations accessible to all students. The initial goal was not necessarily the immediate improvement of motor dexterity of the child, but the improvement of the psychological and socio-affective.
Environmental Policies for Emergency Management and Public Safety
Authors: Ayeni Amidu Owolabi
Published: December 2017

Policy refers to the commitment of people or organization to the laws, regulations, and other green mechanisms concerning environmental issues. Community participation has become important in government, policy makers, and environmentalists over last few decades, and as a result, it is now an established principle as it is widely used not only in academic literature but in policy-making documents, international discussions, as well as in local debates when considering issues dealing with decision-making to achieve sustainable development. Implementation of green policy and community participation programs through representatives—organization, groups of individuals—enhances the benefits of polices and program and adds value to policy as well as making the policy's results and responses more effective and stronger.
Climate Change and Sustainable Development in Nigeria
Authors: Akhakpe Ighodalo Bassey
Published: December 2017

The chapter assesses the nature and effects of climate change on sustainable development in Nigeria. It observes that climate change has a multifarious effect not only on the environment but also on the socio-economic life of the people. Therefore, if sustainable development is to be realized in the country, climate change should be properly managed through extant public policies. However, if government track records on policies and program implementations is anything to go by, the future of sustainable development is gloomy. This makes an interrogation of the interface between climate change and sustainable development germane. The chapter observes that while government has shown willingness to manage climate change for the sustainability of the environment and its people, certain limitations stand on its path. These include poor policy or program implementation, inadequate funding of climate change management, poor sensitization program on environment management, among others. However, there are opportunities that can be harvested at the state and individual levels.
Assessing the impact of Transportation on Climate Change
Authors: Debbarma Sohana , Kaushik Geetanjali
Published: December 2017

India's North-East Region has greater demand for road and personalized modes of transport powered by fossil fuels. And due to emissions, there has been evidence of climate change. It has been found that diesel cars cause greater emissions (per kilometer travelled) as compared to petrol cars; therefore, the use of diesel should be discouraged. The chapter suggests that the emissions in case of public transport passenger-km are lesser than other modes of transport. However, in the North-East Region, there is negligible share of public transport due to poor infrastructure and service facilities. Therefore, improvements should be made with regard to public transport system so that considerable number of passengers shifts to public transport modes. Further, it is inferred that use of alternate vehicle or fuel technologies like hybrid electric vehicles, biofuel, biodiesel, hydrogen fuel need to be initiated to mitigate the climate change.
Defining Place Image
Authors: Clouse Candi , Dixit Ashutosh
Published: December 2017

The image of a place is important as it has implications for investments made in cities, workforce locations, and tourism. Place image incorporates concepts including brand, visual image, reputation, the sense of place, and the identity of the place - all of which create an overall image of a place and can lead to investment or abandonment. Place image has ramifications for decisions made about the place, including where businesses locate, where workers live, and where tourists visit (Smith, 2006). Place image has serious ramifications for decisions made about the place as people choose to stay, work, visit, and invest. This research outlines the inconsistencies in the literature, clarifies the terminology, and begins to set research standards for how place image is described through a conceptual model.
Fuzzy Time Series
Authors: Karasan Ali , Sevim İsmail , Çinar Melih
Published: December 2017

In this chapter, we are planning to make a comparison between conventional Time Series Models and Fuzzy Time Series Models by an application in an e-commerce company. Future sales of furniture will be predicted. The performance of different models and forecasting periods are going to be analyzed to discuss advantages and disadvantages of each method. MAE is chosen as performance indicators of each model and forecasting period combination. As a conclusion to this chapter, generic strategies for prediction in an e-commerce company will be formulated in consideration of these indicators.
Pre-Purchase User Perceptions of Attributes and Post-Purchase Attitudes in Building Successful Online Retail Promotional Strategies
Authors: Rezaei Sajad , Chandran Rona , Oh Yoke Moi
Published: December 2017

As a critical feature of the human experience, attitude plays an important role which is essential in implementation of effective online retail strategies. The purpose of this chapter is to conceptualize consumer's pre-purchase user perceptions of attributes and post-purchase attitudes in building successful online retail promotional strategy in emerging economies-Malaysia. The chapter proposes an integrative conceptual framework toward implementation of effective promotional strategy which includes usage expediency, trustworthiness, price awareness, navigation design, experiential gratification and electronic word-of-mouth (EWOM). The chapter argues that pre-purchase user perceptions of attributes and post-purchase user perceptions of attitudes are important concept in promoting successful online retail website. Theoretical implications of chapter are further discussed.
Online Brand Expansion Towards the Offline Setting
Authors: Bravo Rafael , Hem Leif E. , Pina José M.
Published: December 2017

Brand extension and brand alliances are two possible strategies to expand the brand towards different product categories. In this chapter, the authors focus on brands that are well-known for their online services launching offline products. They analyse the results of these strategies in terms of their effects on parent brand image and under different conditions of initial brand image and perceived fit. In order to meet these aims, an empirical study was conducted to 407 undergraduates in a Spanish University. Data are analysed through multivariate analysis of variance. Main results lead us to conclude that: (1) the effects of extensions and alliances are mainly negative on the online brand image, (2) the impact is focused specially on the functional and emotional dimensions of brand image, (3) the effect is more negative for online brands with higher image than for online brands with lower image, and (4) the effect is more negative in the case of an alliance with an offline brand with low image than in the case of an alliance with an offline brand with high image or in a brand extension. This work covers some gaps in the previous literature in online branding. The authors apply concepts and theories used in brand extensions and alliances literature in an offline setting by delving into the differences of these effects on the brand image dimensions. The results obtained in this work may help brand practitioners expand their brands towards different product categories.
Gaining a Continuous Retaining Relationship with Customers in Mobile Sector
Authors: Samanta Irene
Published: December 2017

One of the main characteristics of the global economy is the creation of oligopolistic markets. The decisions of those industries are characterised by interactivity. The risk arising from the domination of the power of oligopoly is the previous stage of manipulation of the market. This situation is against the concept of competitiveness and causes an entirely new situation to the customer's disadvantage. Mobile industry which is a typical oligopolistic market in Europe leads us to examine this specific market in Greece. Therefore, the present study examines the factors that influence the relationship marketing strategy of the industry. The research was conducted using a sample of 806 users of mobile phones. The method used for the quantitative analysis is chi-square test, discriminant analysis, which is based on Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA). The study has indicated that intense competition between mobile phone firms in Greece leads to the manipulation of consumers' behaviour. Also, findings of the current research demonstrate that firms create a unified policy in order to restrain their customers' consuming behaviour to a state of inertia, the customer passively re-buys the same service provider without much thought.
Engagement With Online Customers in Emerging Economies
Authors: Arıkan Esra
Published: December 2017

In today's highly dynamic business environment, firms are increasingly seeking customer participation and engagement with their brands. Thus, the role that customer engagement plays in the co-creation of customer experience and value receives utmost attention from both academicians and practitioners and given the inherent characteristics of services, extending firm-customer relationships through customer engagement is especially critical for service firms. However, there still remains a gap in the literature in terms of how customers engage with services online. Drawing mainly on the service-dominant logic along with the relationship marketing and social exchange theories, this chapter addresses this research gap by providing a literature review in this area and examining the key drivers and outcomes of online customer engagement, particularly through online brand communities and social networking sites, so that customer engagement in such virtual environments can be promoted as a new opportunity to create enhanced value, especially in emerging economies.
Engaging Consumers via Twitter
Authors: Ravaglia Veronica , Brivio Eleonora , Graffigna Guendalina
Published: December 2017

The interactive nature of social networking sites contributes to reinforce engagement between consumers and brands in terms of co-creation of shared values. According to Hollebeek (2011), consumer-brand engagement (CBE) implies cognitive, emotional, behavioral factors, which connect a brand with its followers. This chapter will show three successful Twitter strategies from three different brands, using a methodological approach focusing on the relational conditions that turn a brand into an engaging player on Twitter. Interviews with brand communication managers and followers were conducted. Moreover, initiatives were explored through the stream of tweets produced around the brands; pragmatic, semantic, syntactic and structural features of tweets were considered. Results show that, while the three initiatives considered here lean on a cognitive-based CBE, a full engagement in the/a brand's world is needed to build a long-lasting and successful relationship between brand and consumer, in order to co-construct a future shared reality.
Factors Promoting Social CRM
Authors: Bailey Ainsworth Anthony
Published: December 2017

The principal focus of this paper is the development of a conceptual model that incorporates personality variables and service provider-related social media characteristics to propose their impact on consumers' perceptions of the usefulness of social CRM and user satisfaction with a service provider's social CRM efforts, as well as the impact of these perceptions on subsequent intentions and behaviors such as intention to continue social engagement, social engagement with the brand, and electronic word-of-mouth generation. The model proposes positive and significant relationships among the personality variables and perceptions of usefulness and user satisfaction with a service provider's social CRM efforts. In addition, social media platform characteristics also have positive and significant on these variables, which in turn positively and significantly impact consumer social engagement and e-WOM generation. The conceptual model needs validation. Survey data can be obtained and SEM can be used to assess the proposed links in the model.
The Effect of Social Networks on Branding
Authors: Nouala Meriem , Mekki Marwa Imene , Ezzine Abdelmadjid
Published: December 2017

The Internet is currently the largest computer network in use. Because everyone can use it, and join the network. The main role is that the internet allows to exchange information freely. Corporate communication modes jostled following the advent of the internet and more specifically social networking. Many victims of online business communication crisis affecting sustainably their brand. A real challenge for today's companies needs to understand the characteristics of these new media and to establish an effective communication strategy in order to maintain and improve its image among its customers. This research looks at whether social networks have an effect on the brand image. Several dimensions for assessing this concept will be identified through an empirical study.
Benefits of Customer Relationship Management on Customer Satisfaction
Authors: Mohammadhossein Nastaran , Ahmad Mohammad Nazir , Zakaria Nor Hidayati
Published: December 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy of customer relationship management (CRM) benefits for customers in relation to customer satisfaction. A model has been developed and empirically tested through data collected from a survey of 150 customers of three Malaysian companies. The results indicate that the benefits of CRM for customers have had a significant positive effect on their satisfaction towards marketing companies. Personalized services, responsiveness to customers' needs, customer segmentation, customization of marketing, multichannel integration, time-saving and improving customer knowledge are the benefits that we proposed would affect customer satisfaction and significantly improve marketing performance. Additionally, the results reveal that all the benefits found, with the exception of time-saving, enhanced customer satisfaction. This paper contributes to the existing literature by incorporating the benefits of CRM for customers, and the relationships of these benefits with their satisfaction in the proposed model.
Beneficial E-Personalization and Related Technological Innovations Applied to E-Tailing
Authors: Smith Alan D.
Published: December 2017

The numerous advancements in electronic-personalization communication have generated both benefits and challenges as online retailers try to regain competitive advantages in the current global recession. A literature review of personalization strategies was used to generate a survey instrument to examine the important characteristics of such programs from business professionals. Through appropriate multivariate analyses and data-reduction techniques, the basic elements e-personalization, namely online purchasing behaviors, personalized communications, information retrieval services, degree of personal Web presence, quality assurance of customer service, and the promotion of customization services, were found to be conceptually and statistically related to retailer benefits of e-personalization (increased buying and creates customer loyalty) from the viewpoint of managers for a large goods and services chain store headquartered in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
A Role of NKR-P1A (CD161) and Lectin-like Transcript 1 in Natural Cytotoxicity against Human Articular Chondrocytes
Authors: Białoszewska Agata , Olkowska-Truchanowicz Joanna , Bocian Katarzyna , Osiecka-Iwan Anna , Czop Andrzej , Kieda Claudine , Malejczyk Jacek
Published: December 2017

Normal cartilage cells are susceptible to lysis by NK cells. This phenomenon may play a role in immune cartilage destruction; however, the mechanisms of chondrocyte recognition by NK cells remain poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to reveal a possible role of NKR-P1A/lectin-like transcript 1 (LLT1) interaction in NK cell–mediated cytotoxicity against normal human articular chondrocytes. Chondrocytes were isolated from articular cartilage obtained during talonavicular joint surgery. PBMC or polyclonal NK cells isolated from normal donors served as effector cells. Cell-mediated cytotoxicity against chondrocytes was evaluated by means of 18-h 51Cr-release assay. Specific mRNA expression was evaluated by classical and quantitative RT-PCR, and proteins were detected by Western blot analysis. We found that lysis of articular chondrocytes by PBMC or polyclonal NK cells was potentiated by stimulation with IL-2. Stimulation of effector cells with IL-2 downregulated mRNA expression of inhibitory NKR-P1A NK cell receptor, and blocking of NKR-P1A with specific mAbs resulted in increased chondrocyte killing. Chondrocytes constitutively expressed LLT1, a ligand of NKR-P1A. LLT1 expression by chondrocytes could be upregulated by IL-1α and TNF. Chondrocyte treatment with IL-1α resulted in their increased resistance to killing by natural cytotoxic cells. This could be reversed by blocking of NKR-P1A. These results show that susceptibility of normal articular chondrocytes to lysis by NK cells is modulated by NKR-P1A/LLT1 interactions. Thus, NKR-P1A/LLT1 interaction might provide some novel target for therapeutic interventions in the course of pathological cartilage injury.
Osteoblasts Are Rapidly Ablated by Virus-Induced Systemic Inflammation following Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus or Pneumonia Virus of Mice Infection in Mice
Authors: Maltby Steven , Lochrin Alyssa J. , Bartlett Bianca , Tay Hock L. , Weaver Jessica , Poulton Ingrid J. , Plank Maximilian W. , Rosenberg Helene F. , Sims Natalie A. , Foster Paul S.
Published: December 2017

A link between inflammatory disease and bone loss is now recognized. However, limited data exist on the impact of virus infection on bone loss and regeneration. Bone loss results from an imbalance in remodeling, the physiological process whereby the skeleton undergoes continual cycles of formation and resorption. The specific molecular and cellular mechanisms linking virus-induced inflammation to bone loss remain unclear. In the current study, we provide evidence that infection of mice with either lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) or pneumonia virus of mice (PVM) resulted in rapid and substantial loss of osteoblasts from the bone surface. Osteoblast ablation was associated with elevated levels of circulating inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, and CCL2. Both LCMV and PVM infections resulted in reduced osteoblast-specific gene expression in bone, loss of osteoblasts, and reduced serum markers of bone formation, including osteocalcin and procollagen type 1 N propeptide. Infection of Rag-1–deficient mice (which lack adaptive immune cells) or specific depletion of CD8+ T lymphocytes limited osteoblast loss associated with LCMV infection. By contrast, CD8+ T cell depletion had no apparent impact on osteoblast ablation in association with PVM infection. In summary, our data demonstrate dramatic loss of osteoblasts in response to virus infection and associated systemic inflammation. Further, the inflammatory mechanisms mediating viral infection-induced bone loss depend on the specific inflammatory condition.
PD-L1 Prevents the Development of Autoimmune Heart Disease in Graft-versus-Host Disease
Authors: Juchem Kathryn W. , Sacirbegovic Faruk , Zhang Cuiling , Sharpe Arlene H. , Russell Kerry , McNiff Jennifer M. , Demetris Anthony J. , Shlomchik Mark J. , Shlomchik Warren D.
Published: December 2017

Effector memory T cells (TEM) are less capable of inducing graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) compared with naive T cells (TN). Previously, in the TS1 TCR transgenic model of GVHD, wherein TS1 CD4 cells specific for a model minor histocompatibility Ag (miHA) induce GVHD in miHA-positive recipients, we found that cell-intrinsic properties of TS1 TEM reduced their GVHD potency relative to TS1 TN. Posttransplant, TS1 TEM progeny expressed higher levels of PD-1 than did TS1 TN progeny, leading us to test the hypothesis that TEM induce less GVHD because of increased sensitivity to PD-ligands. In this study, we tested this hypothesis and found that indeed TS1 TEM induced more severe skin and liver GVHD in the absence of PD-ligands. However, lack of PD-ligands did not result in early weight loss and colon GVHD comparable to that induced by TS1 TN, indicating that additional pathways restrain alloreactive TEM. TS1 TN also caused more severe GVHD without PD-ligands. The absence of PD-ligands on donor bone marrow was sufficient to augment GVHD caused by either TEM or TN, indicating that donor PD-ligand–expressing APCs critically regulate GVHD. In the absence of PD-ligands, both TS1 TEM and TN induced late-onset myocarditis. Surprisingly, this was an autoimmune manifestation, because its development required non-TS1 polyclonal CD8+ T cells. Myocarditis development also required donor bone marrow to be PD-ligand deficient, demonstrating the importance of donor APC regulatory function. In summary, PD-ligands suppress both miHA-directed GVHD and the development of alloimmunity-induced autoimmunity after allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation.
Dendritic Cell RIPK1 Maintains Immune Homeostasis by Preventing Inflammation and Autoimmunity
Authors: O’Donnell Joanne A. , Lehman Jesse , Roderick Justine E. , Martinez-Marin Dalia , Zelic Matija , Doran Ciara , Hermance Nicole , Lyle Stephen , Pasparakis Manolis , Fitzgerald Katherine A. , Marshak-Rothstein Ann , Kelliher Michelle A.
Published: December 2017

Necroptosis is a form of cell death associated with inflammation; however, the biological consequences of chronic necroptosis are unknown. Necroptosis is mediated by RIPK1, RIPK3, and MLKL kinases but in hematopoietic cells RIPK1 has anti-inflammatory roles and functions to prevent necroptosis. Here we interrogate the consequences of chronic necroptosis on immune homeostasis by deleting Ripk1 in mouse dendritic cells. We demonstrate that deregulated necroptosis results in systemic inflammation, tissue fibrosis, and autoimmunity. We show that inflammation and autoimmunity are prevented upon expression of kinase inactive RIPK1 or deletion of RIPK3 or MLKL. We provide evidence that the inflammation is not driven by microbial ligands, but depends on the release of danger-associated molecular patterns and MyD88-dependent signaling. Importantly, although the inflammation is independent of type I IFN and the nucleic acid sensing TLRs, blocking these pathways rescues the autoimmunity. These mouse genetic studies reveal that chronic necroptosis may underlie human fibrotic and autoimmune disorders.
Splicing integer framed knot complements and bordered Heegaard Floer homology
Authors: Hanselman Jonathan
Published: December 2017

We consider the following question: when is the manifold obtained by gluing together two knot complements an

L

-space? Hedden and Levine proved that splicing 0-framed complements of nontrivial knots never produces an

L

-space. We extend this result to allow for arbitrary integer framings. We find that splicing two integer framed nontrivial knot complements only produces an

L

-space if both knots are

L

-space knots and the framings lie in an appropriate range. The proof involves a careful analysis of the bordered Heegaard Floer invariants of each knot complement.
Cable links and L-space surgeries
Authors: Gorsky Eugene , Hom Jennifer
Published: December 2017

An L-space link is a link in

S^3

on which all sufficiently large integral surgeries are L-spaces. We prove that for

m, n

relatively prime, the

r

-component cable link

K_{rm,rn}

is an L-space link if and only if

K

is an L-space knot and

n/m \geq 2g(K)-1

. We also compute

\mathrm {HFL}^–

and

\widehat {\mathrm {HFL}}

of an L-space cable link in terms of its Alexander polynomial. As an application, we confirm a conjecture of Licata [7] regarding the structure of

\widehat {\mathrm {HFL}}

for

(n,n)

torus links.
Desarrollo local y turismo. El impacto socioeconómico de la comunicación digital en Portugal
Authors: Piñeiro-Naval Valeriano , Serra Paulo , Mangana Rafael
Published: December 2017

Este trabajo analiza la información turística de los portales municipales portugueses y la relaciona con determinados factores estructurales para medir el impacto de la industria del ocio en el desarrollo local. Metodología. El método utilizado fue el análisis de contenido, al cual se le confirió un cariz, además de descriptivo, predictivo. Se diseñó un libro de códigos compuesto por 36 variables y aplicado al examen de los 308 sitios web que conforman el universo poblacional de municipios portugueses. Resultados. A nivel general, la orientación turística de los portales es bastante clara y manifiesta, especialmente en las localidades del litoral continental del país. Conclusiones. Se confirma el cambio de tendencia turística hacia un modelo más sostenible y no estacional basado en el patrimonio, tanto cultural como natural. Asimismo, y en consonancia con la investigación empírica previa, se comprueba que los factores demográficos y económicos son determinantes para el estado de la administración web municipal.
Competencias más relevantes en los estudios de Comunicación Audiovisual. Las percepciones de profesionales, docentes y estudiantes
Authors: Besalú-Casademont Reinald , Schena Jucinara , Sánchez-Sánchez Cristina
Published: December 2017

El artículo analiza las percepciones de profesionales, docentes y estudiantes del ámbito de la comunicación audiovisual sobre el grado de importancia de las competencias disciplinares, profesionales, académicas y específicas incluidas en los planes de estudio. Metodología: A partir de una encuesta se realizan análisis estadísticos descriptivos de las puntuaciones medias otorgadas por los encuestados a 62 competencias y se generan agrupaciones de competencias para facilitar la comparabilidad. Resultados: Todas las competencias son consideradas al menos como medio importantes. Las competencias mejor valoradas son las específicas, mientras que las disciplinares son las que obtienen menor puntuación. En comparación con estudios anteriores, se detecta una mejor valoración de las competencias transversales, procedimentales e instrumentales. Discusión y Conclusiones: un mercado laboral muy competitivo que valora la autosuficiencia y la versatilidad y un sector profesional con perfiles muy diversos son factores que inciden en la pérdida de relevancia de las competencias disciplinares.
Leidt kennis tot lenen en lenen tot leren? - Het effect van informatie over lenen op leengedrag en studievoortgang van Nederlandse studenten
Authors: Pass Jessica , Muskens Marjolein , Kurver Bas , van Klingeren Marijn
Published: December 2017

Does knowledge lead to loaning and loaning to learning? The effect of information about student loans on loaning behaviour and study progress of Dutch students .In recent years, the Dutch government has encouraged students to take out loans. The assumptions were that spreading knowledge
about attractive credit terms would create a positive attitude about loaning, and as a result stimulate loaning, thereby lowering the need for side jobs and improving study progress. An experiment among Dutch students tested these assumptions. Results show that former loaning behaviour influences
knowledge and attitudes about loaning, and not the other way around. Furthermore, loaning does not positively influence study progress, but having a side job does. Policy makers appear to have started from the wrong assumptions.
Recidive van jongeren betrokken bij moord en doodslag
Authors: Vries Anne M. , Liem Marieke , Nieuwbeerta Paul
Published: December 2017

Recidivism of juvenile homicide offenders .Serious offences against persons perpetrated by juveniles raise fundamental questions about the background, causes, and prevention of future crime. The current study addresses the potential of future crime of juvenile homicide offenders
(JHOs) in The Netherlands who were incarcerated in the period 1992-2007. In contrast to merely descriptive former research on recidivism of this offender group, we provide an explanation for why some of the juveniles relapse into crime, while others do not. To this end, associations are investigated
between recidivism behavior and risk factors. Results indicate that male JHOs and JHOs who maintain relationships with delinquents run a greater risk to reoffend.
Risico-omgangsstrategieën op de werkvloer - Bureaucratie en vakmanschap
Authors: Mascini Peter , Bacharias Yannis
Published: December 2017

Risk-handling on the shop floor: Bureaucracy and craftsmanship .Two approaches towards safety culture can be distinguished, of which the dominant one focuses on risk handling based on bureaucracy and the other one on craftsmanship. Bureaucratic risk handling pertains to rules and
procedures, formal training and education, and enforcement of rule compliance; craftsmanship to discretionary specialization, tacit knowledge and personal responsibility. The purpose of our study was to measure both risk handling strategies with a survey (N = 265) in a Dutch utility company.
We show that bureaucratic risk handling can be measured as such, while discretionary specialization, tacit knowledge and personal responsibility can be measured as separate informal risk handling strategies, but can not be brought under the general heading of craftsmanship. Moreover, we demonstrate
that while the perceived presence of bureaucratic risk handling decreases unsafe behavior, the perceived presence of the three dimensions of craftsmanship have mixed effects on unsafe behaviour. We conclude that we have succeeded in validating the measurement of bureaucratic risk handling
and of the three dimensions of craftsmanship and, hence, that we have managed to bring the two strands of safety culture research together.
De gezondheidskloof tussen lager en hoger opgeleiden - Verschillen tussen landen verklaard door overheidsuitgaven in de gezondheidszorg en arbeidsmarktomstandigheden
Authors: Gesthuizen Maurice , Huijts Tim , Kraaykamp Gerbert
Published: December 2017

Cross-national variation in the educational health gap explained by governmental health expenditure and labour market characteristics. Previous research shows that even though the lower educated run a relatively high risk to be in poor health, there is ample cross-national variation
in the disparity between educational groups in having poor health. Explanations for these differences between countries are, however, rather scarce. We set out to address this lacuna by investigating the extent to which cross-national variation in the health gap between the lower and higher
educated in Europe can be explained by a country’s governmental health expenditures and cyclical and structural labour market conditions. We used information from the European Social Surveys 2002-2008 on approximately 91000 individuals in 32 European nations, and estimated random slope
multilevel models with cross-level interactions to empirically test our hypotheses. We find that the health gap between the lower educated and the higher educated is smaller in countries with higher levels of governmental health expenditure, and with a highly modernized labour market.
Rechters zonder toga - Een garantie voor een rechtvaardige procedure?
Authors: Malsch Marijke
Published: December 2017

Judges without a robe: a guarantee for justice?.The Theory of Procedural Justice includes a number of elements that are related to satisfaction with procedures and authorities. This article discusses this theory with respect to the administration of justice. Two elements are derived
from this theory: ‘processing of information’ and ‘participation’. The article attempts to answer the question as to how far the Dutch criminal justice system and that of a number of other European countries operate in accordance to these two elements. The elements
are explored with help of empirical research into the accessibility of trials and participation of lay people in the administration of justice. Findings show that the Dutch criminal procedure is less in accordance with the two elements than the procedures in a number of other European countries.
Dutch judges and the public attach greater importance to independence of the court than to participation of lay persons. Drawbacks of this situation and dangers for legitimacy are discussed.
De invloed van inkomensongelijkheid en rationalisering op kerkverlating in Nederland tussen 1975 en 1995
Authors: te Grotenhuis Manfred , de Hoon Marloes , Thijs Paula
Published: December 2017

The effects of economic inequality and modernization on religious disaffiliation. A test for the Netherlands in 1975-1995.In a recent study, using data from 60 nations, Ruiter and Van Tubergen (2009) found individuals from countries with highest economic inequalities to run the
lowest risk of religious disaffiliation. Interestingly, modernization was found to have no effect on religious disaffiliation. A more stringent test is to investigate how economic inequality and modernization are related to religious disaffiliation within countries over time. In this study
we use data from the Netherlands gathered between 1975-1995, a period in which religious disaffiliation was prominent. Our main findings run counter to those of Ruiter and Van Tubergen. In the Netherlands, higher levels of economic inequality and higher levels of modernization seem to increase
religious disaffiliation.
Families: in alle staten?
Authors: Dykstra Pearl A.
Published: December 2017

Rede uitgesproken bij de openbare aanvaarding van het ambt van hoogleraar Empirische Sociologie aan de Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam op 27 januari 2012
Veiligheidsbeleving op een multicultureel plein - Het perspectief van autochtone bewoners
Authors: Müller Thaddeus , Fischer Tamar
Published: December 2017

Feeling unsafe in a multicultural neighbourhood has been related – especially in the case of indigenous inhabitants – to the presence of groups (young, immigrant) of men in public space. However, indigenous inhabitants differ in their response to the presence of immigrant
men. How can this be explained? In this article we give an answer to this question based on data from qualitative and quantitative research on the experience of safety of indigenous inhabitants on a square where immigrant men meet each other. Our research is exploratory in nature; our goal
is to see whether inter-ethnic social involvement has added value over general social involvement as an explanation of the experience of fear of crime. We conclude that our thesis of the relevance of inter-ethnic social involvement for explaining of the experience of safety is sustained by
our material. Therefore we advise that interethnic social involvement should be integrated in future quantitative studies on the fear of crime.