bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of professional skills among engineering students in a modular learning environment
Authors: Shamshina Irina
Published: October 2024

The problem of improving the professional training of graduates for various types of practical or scientific activities, the formation and development of their competencies necessary to perform professional duties, constantly draws the attention of researchers to the development and implementation of learning technologies that provide the most effective result. One of the modern directions of such technologies is the introduction of modular training and project activities into the educational process.
The monograph examines the main provisions of the modular training program for the course "Theory of automatic control" for students of the technical University. The advantages and disadvantages of a modular training system in comparison with a traditional system are analyzed in the formation of professional skills among future engineers. The dynamics of the level of assimilation of knowledge, basic skills and motivational sphere among students enrolled in the modular training program is revealed. The necessity of introducing the discipline "Fundamentals of subject activity" into the educational process of higher technical educational institutions is substantiated, approaches to the organization and management of students' project activities are considered, and characteristics of student projects of the Engineering School of the Far Eastern Federal University are given.
For students and teachers of technical universities.
MODERN APPROACHES TO DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF CERVICAL DYSPLASIA
Authors: Kiseleva U.
Published: October 2024

The main way to prevent cervical cancer is timely detection and adequate treatment of background, precancerous processes of the cervix, as well as infectious, viral diseases of the genital organs.
Cervical dysplasia is a morphological form of cervical precancer. About 40 million new cases of this disease are registered worldwide every year.
The frequency of transition of dysplasia to preinvasive carcinomas is 40-64% of cases. In 15% of patients, microcarcinoma develops against the background of dysplasia.
Mild and moderate dysplasia of the cervix often regress in 55% and 54% of cases, respectively, and severe regresses rarely and turns into preinvasive cancer. However, it is possible for it to immediately turn into invasive, bypassing this intermediate stage.
The absence of clinical symptoms of precancerous processes of the cervix and the difficulty of their detection require the use of a comprehensive method for examining women with cervical pathology. A comprehensive examination of women with cervical pathology allows us to identify background and precancerous processes and early forms of cancer, and to conduct their timely treatment, which is an effective method of prevention.
Differential diagnosis of tachycardias with wide QRS complexes
Authors: Kinyasheva Natal'ya , Boriskina P.
Published: October 2024

. Carrying out a differential diagnosis when tachycardias with wide QRS complexes occur, determining the genesis of these arrhythmias and choosing the right treatment tactics pose a serious problem in the practice of a doctor. Considering that such rhythm disturbances are often accompanied by hemodynamic destabilization and can be fatal, a medical decision should be made quickly, based on reliable and simple diagnostic criteria.
The expansion of QRS complexes may indicate the ventricular genesis of tachycardia, or may be associated with the occurrence of tachy-dependent or the presence of an initial blockage of the bundle of Gis, violation of intraventricular conduction, antegrade conduction of excitation in supraventricular arrhythmia with the participation of an additional conductive pathway (DPP). The causes of paroxysmal tachycardia with wide QRS complexes are more often organic changes in the myocardium, but other causes are possible, such as exposure to toxic substances and drugs, electrolyte disturbances, the influence of an implanted pacemaker, cardioverter, etc.
Androgenic anabolic steroids and their effects on the cardiovascular system
Authors: Arutyunyan N. , Kinyasheva Natal'ya
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to androgenic anabolic steroids (AAS), discusses their properties, classification, mechanisms of action and effects on the human body, in particular on the cardiovascular system. The possibilities and features of the use of AAS, both in medical practice and outside it, are also considered: the use of this group of drugs in athletes, both professionals and amateurs, as part of the training process. The analysis of the development of undesirable effects when using AAC, including a possible fatal outcome, is carried out.
FEATURES OF EXTERNAL BEAM RADIATION THERAPY IN PATIENTS AFTER PACEMAKER IMPLANTATION
Authors: Bobkov M. , Blincov V.
Published: October 2024

More than 60 thousand patients receive implants annually, the work of which is aimed at normalizing the functioning of the cardiovascular system (CIED). Implantable electronic devices prevent the development of life-threatening conditions from the cardiovascular system, however, radiation therapy in this group of patients is associated with a high risk of adverse events, including fatal ones. Stratification of patients with CEEDS into groups depending on the risk of damage to the device helps not only to monitor their health status, but also to effectively manage possible risks. Thus, the maximum safety of radiation therapy is achieved for this group of patients.
Implications in dental treatment during the use of antiresorptive drugs - a literature review
Authors: Dziewulska Aleksandra , Kiełt Weronika , Kozłowska Julia , Broniec Gabriela , Wajdowicz Barbara , Kudła Aleksandra , Czapiewska Rozalia , Wróbel Aleksandra , Pacek Laura , Kowalska Klaudia
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Antiresorptive drugs such as bisphosphonates and denosumab are crucial for treating osteoporosis, metastatic bone disease, and hypercalcemia by inhibiting osteoclast function. They can lead to medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) following invasive dental procedures, requiring careful management to mitigate potential adverse effects.  
Purpose of work: Synthesis of knowledge about the impact of taking antiresorptive drugs on aspects of dental treatment.  
Materials and methods: Materials used in this study were found in the PubMed and Google Scholar database, using the following key words “antiresorptives”, “bisphosphonates”, “dental treatment”, “osteonecrosis of the jaw” 
Summary: Antiresorptive drugs like bisphosphonates and denosumab are essential for managing osteoporosis and other bone diseases but pose challenges in dental care, notably with risks such as medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). These medications influence treatment strategies across orthodontics, implantology, periodontal therapy, and endodontics, necessitating careful management to balance therapeutic benefits with potential dental complications.
Possible advantages of sodium induced hyperhydration before physical activity
Authors: Mączka Jakub , Pyc Grzegorz , Kowalewski Jan , Dąbrowska Aleksandra , Bęben Damian , Dudzik Maria , Majewski Kornel , Pakos Kinga , Durmała Kamila , Sielicka Urszula
Published: October 2024

Introduction and objective:
Athlete’s performance depends both on training and nutrition. Although athletes analyze macronutrients intake, micronutrients are often omitted, with sodium among them. It is proven to boost performance, due to its hydrating qualities. The aim of this study is to explore positive effects of salt induced hyperhydration, its effect on muscle cramps, exercise associated hyponatremia, prevention of dehydration and possible endurance gain.
Purpose of the study: The aim of this study is to look further into the positive effects of sodium loading induced hyperhydration, its effect on muscle cramps, exercise associated hyponatremia, prevention of dehydration and possible endurance gain  using PubMed databases from the last 25 years.
 
Review methods:
Articles were searched by entering keywords in PubMed databases. Scientific articles written from 2016 to 2024 make up 76% of the literature. Guidelines from global societies of dietary health and sport. Studies from specialized research centers including meta-analyses and double-blind randomized trials were included. Ones conducted with methodological errors were rejected.
 
Basic results and conclusions:
We can draw a conclusion that salt-loading might indeed prove useful in endurance training preparation, and should be included in an athlete's supplements arsenal. Dehydrating nature of heat and long training make salt induced hyperhydration more efficient in such conditions. Sportsmen can improve results in both endurance performance and reduction of the occurrence of possible negative outcomes connected with metabolic and physical strain. Presented studies also advocate for the importance of sodium loading in prevention of hyponatremia and muscle cramps.
The health aspects of skiing
Authors: Kubas Maria , Krzemińska Katarzyna , Czerwik Julia , Kuszneruk Julia , Kłusek Magdalena , Chawrylak Katarzyna , Kubas Wojciech , Sadok Aleksandra
Published: October 2024

Introduction and Purpose:
This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the risks and benefits associated with downhill skiing. The article elucidates the prevalence and etiology of common injuries, while also delineating the salutary effects of engaging in the sport.
Methods: A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar, focusing on articles from 2019 to 2024, including observational studies, clinical trials, meta-analyses and systematic reviews.
State of Knowledge: Skiing is a globally popular winter sport, attracting millions of enthusiasts each year. The sport's combination of outdoor adventure, social activity, and the allure of winter landscapes contribute to its enduring global popularity. Despite its global popularity, skiing carries a significant risk of injury, with knee injuries, particularly ACL sprains, being the most common, especially among women. Despite these risks, alpine skiing offers significant physical health benefits, including improved cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength and mental health, making it a beneficial lifelong sport, particularly for older adults.
Conclusion: It is notable that while injuries such as ACL sprains and fractures are prevalent, particularly among beginners and those who engage in risk-taking activities, the sport also offers significant health benefits. Alpine skiing has been demonstrated to enhance cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, and mental well-being, thereby conferring significant benefits that extend throughout the lifespan, despite the potential for injury.
Eating disorders in athletes
Authors: Kondratowicz Aneta , Śliwiak Patryk , Miłkowski Paweł , Głąbień Marta , Aleksandrowicz Daria , Kuśnierz Anna , Jakubczak Zofia , Kusiak Karolina , Zimniak Maria Weronika , Wieczorek Olga
Published: October 2024

Eating disorders are a significant health problem among athletes, affecting both physical performance and mental well-being. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the existing scientific literature on the prevalence, risk factors, and consequences of eating disorders in athletes. By synthesizing the results of the research, this article aims to show the unique challenges that athletes face in terms of eating behavior and to propose directions for future research and intervention strategies.
The applicability of the Teachers' Inclusive Education Attitude Scale on Chinese preservice physical education teachers
Authors: Wei Qian , Luo Changxin , Li Yun
Published: October 2024

Purpose: This study aims to translate and culturally adapt the revised The Teachers' Attitudes Towards Inclusion Scale Adjusted (TAISA) into Chinese and to evaluate its reliability and validity among Chinese preservice physical educators.
Methodology: The English version of The Teachers' Attitudes Towards Inclusion Scale Adjusted (TAISA) was translated through a rigorous process that included a comprehensive literature review and consultations with subject matter experts. A survey was administered to 500 preservice physical educators in Chongqing. The adapted scale underwent thorough analysis, encompassing demographic frequency analysis, item analysis, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and evaluation of test-retest reliability.
Results: The analysis revealed that the Chinese version of The Teacher Attitude toward Inclusive Education Scale for Preservice Physical Educators (TAISA-P) retained the original three-factor structure, comprising positive affect, training and perceived competence, and negative affect. After the removal of four items, the final scale consisted of 17 items, with each dimension containing 5 to 6 items. Factor loadings ranged from 0.442 to 0.705, and the model demonstrated a χ²/df ratio of 1.350, a root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) of 0.066, a non-normed fit index (NNFI) of 0.825, a comparative fit index (CFI) of 0.946, an incremental fit index (IFI) of 0.948, and a goodness-of-fit index (GFI) of 0.834. The overall internal consistency reliability of TAISA-P was 0.759, with dimension-specific reliabilities of 0.835, 0.790, and 0.779. The test-retest reliability coefficient was 0.743 (P < 0.001).
Conclusion: The Teacher Attitude toward Inclusive Education Scale for Preservice Physical Educators  (TAISA-P) demonstrates strong reliability and validity, thereby establishing it as a suitable instrument for assessing the attitudes of Chinese preservice physical educators toward inclusive education.
Quality of Life in Primary Biliary Cholangitis - Advances in the Treatment
Authors: Kuzio Agnieszka , Cieplińska Aleksandra , Jama Grzegorz , Ziojła-Lisowska Kinga , Pliszka Marzena , Piasecka Zuzanna , Haczkur-Pawłowska Karolina , Borowiak Maciej , Kolano Patrycja , Karnas-Bogacka Patrycja
Published: October 2024

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is an inflammatory, cholestatic and progressively fibrotic liver disease devoid of effective medical intervention. PBC is a presumed immune-mediated liver disease of middle-aged women associated with significant morbidity and mortality. People living with PBC are frequently symptomatic, experiencing a quality-of-life burden dominated by fatigue, itch, abdominal pain, and sicca complex.  Many drugs have been studied for treatment, including agents with choleretic and immunosuppressive properties. Future PBC licensed therapy will likely include peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) pathway agonists, including specific PPAR-delta agonism (seladelpar), as well as elafibrinor and saroglitazar (both with broader PPAR agonism). Effective therapy reduces the need for transplantation and improves life expectancy.
How EFL teachers perceive and self-evaluate the knowledge components in forming Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK)
Authors: Shi Leimin , Jiang Lili
Published: October 2024

Technology is widely involved across the learning environment including its integration into teaching English as a foreign language (EFL); however, few studies have explored EFL teachers’ perceptions of technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK). This study investigates how EFL teachers perceive and self-evaluate knowledge of content (CK), pedagogy (PK), and technology (TK), the interplay of these with each other (TPACK), and the underlying influential factors for TPACK construction. The data were gathered in China from an online survey (n = 64) comprising 35 items on the TPACK components, and self-evaluation by nine survey participants of their TPACK in follow-up interviews. WeChat, the most popular social media App in China, was utilised as the data collection tool. The survey reveals teachers’ strong beliefs in the value of PK, CK and PCK and their positive beliefs about technological applications in EFL instruction. Consistent with these results, interviewees’ self-evaluation of TPACK demonstrates that they felt a high level of confidence in CK, PK and PCK but relatively less confidence when technology was integrated despite commonly applying technology to instruction. Influential factors include: 1) contextual factors; 2) knowledge of students; 3) demographic background; and 4) availability of quality training. Decision-makers’ financial support and policy-making, technological training in the integration of CK and/or PK, and a collaborative learning strategy are recommended.
The complexity of speaking anxiety among students in an international university in Thailand
Authors: Anthoney Jebamani , Wilang Jeffrey
Published: October 2024

Prior research has shown that English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students often experience speaking anxiety and its detrimental effects. However, there is limited knowledge about the speaking anxiety experienced by international students at a Thai university where English serves as both the medium of instruction and the primary language of communication outside the classroom. This study employed a three-pronged approach: a survey questionnaire to gauge speaking anxiety levels and identify differences based on nationality and geographical location; sorting activities to observe changes in speaking anxiety levels; and individual interviews to gain a deeper understanding of students' speaking anxiety. The descriptive analysis showed that students experienced varying degrees of anxiety. Among the 13 nationalities surveyed, Vietnamese, Cambodian, Thai, and Burmese students displayed higher levels of speaking anxiety. Moreover, students from rural backgrounds were more anxious than those from urban areas. Interviews conducted after the sorting activities revealed that factors such as familiarity, predictability, competence, and social support influenced students' anxiety levels. Pedagogical recommendations include the importance of repetition and practice, scaffolding, familiarity with an activity, building positive relationships, incremental exposure to language activities, regulating emotions and encouraging reflective practices.
Characterization of invariant subspaces for a nilpotent linear operator that admit complementary invariant subspaces
Authors: Pablos Romo Fernando
Published: October 2024

The aim of this work is to solve the problem of determining the necessary and sufficient conditions for a vector subspace invariant by a nilpotent endomorphism to admit a complementary invariant subspace for the same linear operator. As applications, we offer results about Jordan bases associated with nilpotent linear maps and reflexive generalized inverses of finite potent endomorphisms and square matrices.
Affine subspaces of matrices with rank in a range
Authors: Rubei Elena
Published: October 2024

The problem of finding the maximal dimension of linear or affine subspaces of matrices whose rank is constant, or bounded below, or bounded above, has attracted many mathematicians from the sixties to the present day. The problem has caught also the attention of algebraic geometers, since vector spaces of matrices of constant rank $r$ give rise to vector bundle maps whose images are vector bundles of rank $r$. Moreover, there is a link with the so-called "rank metric codes," since a constant rank $r$ subspace of $K^{n \times n}$ can be viewed as a constant weight $r$ rank metric code; it can be interesting to study also the maximal dimension of the subspaces of $K^{n \times n}$ whose elements have rank in a range $[s,r]$, since such subspaces obviously give rank metric codes with weights in $[s,r]$. In this paper, with the main purpose to get an organic result including the ones on spaces of matrices with constant rank, the ones on spaces of matrices with rank bounded below and the ones on spaces of matrices with rank bounded above and to generalize a previous result on real matrices with constant rank to matrices on a more general field, we study the maximal dimension of affine subspaces of matrices whose rank is between two numbers under mild assumptions on the field. We get also a result on antisymmetric matrices and on matrices in row echelon form.
Live Surgery in Orthopedics: Balancing Educational Benefits and Ethical Challenges in the Modern Surgical Practice
Authors:   [1] Department of Orthopaedics, Apollo Hospital, Belapur, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, [2] Department of Orthopaedics, Dr D Y Patil School of Medicine, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Kale Sachin , Vatkar Arvind ,   [3] Department of Orthopaedics, Spine surgery Unit, Fortis Hiranandani Hospital, Vashi, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. [4] Department of Orthopaedics, MGM Medical College, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Mishra Ronak ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Dr D Y Patil School of Medicine, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Singh Sikhar ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Dr D Y Patil School of Medicine, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Saheta Ayush ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Dr D Y Patil School of Medicine, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Shyam Ashok ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Sancheti Institute for Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Published: October 2024

There is a saying that “a picture speaks more than a thousand words.” Similarly, an ongoing video streaming of live surgery can teach you much more than what books can teach. Live surgery in orthopedics offers a unique and dynamic educational experience, providing real-time insights into surgical techniques and decision-making processes. This method has been praised for its potential to enhance learning among residents and practicing surgeons by offering an unfiltered view of operative procedures. However, the integration of live surgery into educational frameworks is not without its challenges. Ethical concerns, patient safety, and the potential for increased stress on the performing surgeon are significant considerations that must be balanced against the educational benefits. Ethical challenges in orthopedic surgery often revolve around the introduction of new technology and maintaining patient safety and confidentiality during live broadcasts [1]. Furthermore, the effectiveness of live surgery as an educational tool must be carefully weighed against these ethical dilemmas and the associated risks [2]. As live surgical broadcasts become more prevalent, it is crucial to establish standardized guidelines to ensure patient safety and uphold ethical standards [3]. This editorial aims to explore the delicate balance between the educational benefits and the ethical challenges inherent in the practice of live surgery within the field of orthopedics.
Non-union Patella Fracture – Extensor Mechanism Repair with Quadriceps Release: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NKP Salve Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre and Lata Mangeshkar Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India., Mankar Sushil , Jogewar Rohan ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NKP Salve Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre and Lata Mangeshkar Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India., Agrawal Pallav ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NKP Salve Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre and Lata Mangeshkar Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Non-union patella is rarely seen in everyday outpatient department. Displaced patella fractures usually require surgical treatment for optimum results. The proximal fragment is retracted by the pool of quadriceps muscle. Conservatively managed displaced patella fractures lead to nonunion and impaired knee function. Case Report: In our study, a 10-month-old neglected displaced patella fracture with impaired knee function was treated with extensor mechanism repair augmented with bone graft. A good functional outcome was observed at the end of 12 months. A good knee range of motion from full extension to 110° was observed. Conclusion: We conclude that a stable fixation augmented with bone grafting and quadriceps release which augments bone healing gives good functional outcomes. Keywords: Non-union, extensor lag, gap non-union, bone grafting, extensor repair.
Femoral Artery Pseudoaneurysm from Heterotopic Ossification after Fixation of Intertrochanteric Hip Fracture: A Case Report
Authors:   [1] Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Allina Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota, [2] NorthStar Trauma Network, Saint Paul, Minnesota, Harvey Lucas S , Langdon Sarah ,   Section of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Minneapolis Heart Institute, Minneapolis, Minnesota, Lao Donald J ,   [1] Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Allina Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota, [2] NorthStar Trauma Network, Saint Paul, Minnesota, Jim Jeffrey ,   Section of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Minneapolis Heart Institute, Minneapolis, Minnesota, Lund Erik A ,   [1] Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Allina Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota, [2] NorthStar Trauma Network, Saint Paul, Minnesota, Busel Gennadiy A ,   [1] Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Allina Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota, [2] NorthStar Trauma Network, Saint Paul, Minnesota
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Intertrochanteric (IT) hip fractures are increasing in prevalence due to a rise in the aging population. Cephalomedullary nailing is one of the treatment options and is becoming a treatment of choice worldwide. Complications after a hip fracture have been extensively studied and widely published. Despite numerous publications, we report a unique complication not previously seen in literature. Case Report: This case demonstrates the rare phenomenon of proximal femur heterotopic ossification (HO) after cephalomedullary nailing of an IT femur fracture causing a femoral artery pseudoaneurysm. Conclusion: Proximal femoral HO is a rare phenomenon after cephalomedullary nailing that, in this case, presented a serious complication requiring combined surgical intervention from both vascular surgery and orthopedic surgery teams. As far as the authors know, this is the only such incident in the literature. Keywords: Heterotopic ossification, hip fracture, cephalomedullary nail, femoral artery, pseudoaneurysm.
L4-L5 Facet Dislocation Treated in a Delayed Fashion with Excellent Early Clinical Results
Authors:   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Adams St., Syracuse, New York, United States., Meixner Stephen , Adapa Nikhil ,   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Adams St., Syracuse, New York, United States., Lavelle William ,   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Adams St., Syracuse, New York, United States., Tallarico Richard A ,   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Adams St., Syracuse, New York, United States.
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Lumbar facet fracture-dislocations are rare injuries that are generated from a significant trauma. Literature regarding these injuries is limited to case reports, and there are even more limited reports concerning whether the delay of operative intervention in neurologically intact patients can achieve good clinical results if concomitant injuries and/or medical issues preclude urgent operative intervention. There has been no consensus on which operative techniques are effective in achieving an anatomic reduction of these injuries. Objectives: A case report of an L4-L5 facet fracture-dislocation with delayed operative intervention and previously not reported adjunctive reduction technique is presented with an excellent clinical outcome result being achieved. Case Report: A 38-year-old female who presented with an L4-L5 facet fracture-dislocation without neurological deficit after an unknown mechanism of injury. Due to concerns for elevated risk of intra and perioperative complications from general anesthesia secondary to recent drug use, the patient ultimately underwent open reduction and L4-L5 posterior instrumentation and fusion, with a resection of the superior aspect of the L5 pedicle being performed to help achieve reduction. The patient did not report any significant lower back pain and remained motor intact at 6-month post-operative, with the only neurological symptom during her post-operative course being hypesthesias in the right L5 dermatome at 6-week post-operative. Conclusion: Excellent clinical results can be achieved with delayed open reduction and posterior stabilization in patients that sustain lumbar facet-fracture dislocations. The precise timing for operative management for patients who sustain these injuries is unknown, but medical stability should be considered before proceeding with an operative intervention in neurological intact patients. Partial resection of the pedicle is a safe and effective reduction technique in certain fracture-dislocation patterns. Keywords: Lumbar facet, fracture-dislocation, posterior spinal fusion.
Novel Technique for Biopsying Osteofibrous Dysplasia Using a Vacuum-assisted Bone Harvester: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Hospital, Durham, North Carolina, United States,, Wu Kevin A , Cardona Diana M ,   Department of Pathology, Duke University Hospital, Durham, North Carolina, United States., Eward William C ,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Hospital, Durham, North Carolina, United States,
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Osteofibrous dysplasia (OFD) is a rare benign bone lesion primarily affecting the tibia, characterized by fibrous tissue proliferation with varying osseous involvement. Diagnosis involves clinical evaluation, imaging, and histopathological analysis. Traditional bone biopsies for OFD can be challenging due to the lesion’s nature. Case Report: We present a case report of a young patient presenting with pain concerning for OFD and describe a novel technique for biopsy and curettage using a vacuum-assisted bone harvester. Conclusion: The vacuum-assisted bone harvester allows the surgeon to effectively obtain a biopsy and curettage. Keywords: Osteofibrous dysplasia, biopsy, bone harvester.
Rare Presentation of Atypical Fractures in a Patient of Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome – A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics, Bombay Hospital, New Marine Lines, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Malnas Mansoor , Dungarwal Arpit ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Bombay Hospital, New Marine Lines, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Bhandari Hemant ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Bombay Hospital, New Marine Lines, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Published: October 2024

Introduction: An atypical bone fracture is a complete or partial discontinuity of bone which occurs without sufficient trauma. Autoimmune polyglandular syndromes are complex conditions characterized by the simultaneous presence of at least two autoimmune-mediated endocrinopathies. These syndromes exhibit considerable heterogeneity in their manifestations and typically unfold sequentially, with a significant time gap between the onset of the initial and subsequent glandular autoimmune diseases. In this article, we report a case of bilateral subtrochanteric atypical fractures in a patient with autoimmune polyglandular syndrome. This case scenario has not been reported in the literature so far to the best of our knowledge. Case Report: A 37-year-old female patient presented at a tertiary care center in a metropolitan city with complaints of pain in both hips and the upper thigh. The patient faced difficulty walking and was unable to do so due to severe pain. Notably, there was no history of a fall or trauma. A radiographic examination revealed bilateral subtrochanteric atypical fractures. Upon further investigation, the patient was also found to be having hypothyroidism, hypoparathyroidism, pancytopenia, and an autoimmune disorder. The patient received a diagnosis of Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome with bilateral subtrochanteric atypical fractures. Treatment involved a comprehensive approach, including thyroxine for hypothyroidism, low-dose steroids, immunosuppressive agents, calcium supplementation, parathyroid hormone, and transfusion of blood and blood products. Due to the fractures being extra-articular, incomplete, and undisplaced, a conservative management approach was adopted. Conclusion: The occurrence of atypical and pathological fractures, particularly when bilateral or recurrent, necessitates a comprehensive evaluation to determine the root cause. It is imperative to address the underlying etiology thoroughly in every patient. Neglecting to do so may lead to a recurrence or insufficient resolution of the pathology. In instances where two or more endocrine organs are involved, consideration should be given to autoimmune polyglandular syndrome as a potential diagnosis. Keywords: Atypical fracture, bilateral subtrochanteric fracture, autoimmune polyglandular syndrome.
My Favorite Mistake
Authors: Shenk Timothy
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT: My first issue as co-editor of Dissent was published in the summer of 2018, which at the time felt like the beginning of something. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez had just knocked off Nancy Pelosi’s heir apparent, Bernie Sanders was putting together his next presidential campaign, and DSA memberships were zooming upward. It seemed, too, like arguments that divided earlier generations of leftists were melting away. Electorally minded reformers were embracing positions that once seemed radical, and radicals were getting ready to knock doors for Bernie. This was our version of the popular front, and it was so damn exciting to be part of it.
How Union Democracy Builds Labor’s Strike Power
Authors: Press Alex
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT: Scott Houldieson had some questions. He had worked at Ford’s Chicago Assembly Plant, United Auto Workers (UAW) Local 551, since 1989, but in the late 2000s the company was in a financial hole following the Great Recession, and the leaders of the UAW told him and his fellow coworkers that they were going to have to give up some of the benefits that had long made auto work a good blue-collar job.
The Problem With a Job Guarantee
Authors: Block Fred
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT: The time has come to abandon a political proposal that the left has advanced in Europe and the United States for almost 200 years: that the government should guarantee a job to everyone who is looking for work. While the goal of durably tightening the labor market is important, a federal job guarantee is a bad strategy for achieving that objective.
The Prose of the World: Everyday Life, Specialization and Conrad’s Descriptive Style
Authors: Attridge John
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT: This essay examines the relationship between the novel and everyday life. Rather than focusing on the qualities of routineness and mundaneness that are often taken to typify the everyday, I approach everyday life here as a form of experience that is defined in opposition to expert knowledge. In doing so, I draw on the theories of everyday life articulated by Henri Lefebvre and Michel de Certeau, but I also suggest that Hegel’s description of the prosaicness of civil society in Aesthetics anticipates these later accounts of the everyday as a corollary of the modern division of labor. In this perspective, the everydayness of the novel consists in its own unspecialized amateurishness as a genre of discourse, but also in its ability to represent a social world fragmented into expert fields. For some nineteenth-century observers, I suggest, including Hegel, the novel’s ability to describe such complex modern societies was also one of the characteristics of prose itself. I examine this conception of prose style more closely in the essay’s concluding section, which focuses on two scenes from the maritime fiction of Joseph Conrad. Conrad is often associated with technical nautical expertise, but the episodes that I discuss emphasize the porous boundaries that separate expert fields from one another and from their chaotic surrounding environments. In dwelling on these liminal moments, Conrad’s fiction bears witness to the condition of everyday life as Lefebvre and de Certeau describe it—a medium that is constituted by the enclosures of modern expertise, but which also exceeds and envelops them.
Financial impacts of 2020 Labor Day wildfires to Oregon highways
Authors: Christiansen Kevin , Mostafiz Rubayet Bin , Al Assi Ayat , Rohli Robert V. , Friedland Carol J.
Published: October 2024

Wildfire-caused damage to highways has a significant financial cost to the local, regional, and state jurisdictions where they occur. This study examines the financial ramifications of the harm caused to highways by megafires, using a case study of the highways impacted in the U.S. state of Oregon by the five megafires that occurred during the 2020 Labor Day wildfires. This study proposes a method to classify financial road damage from these wildfires based upon curated datasets collected from the Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT). Hence, this study presents a dataset with labeled classes, which include physical, roadway, and traffic. Physical consequences included an estimated total temporary and permanent repair cost of $44,894,471, an average permanent repair cost per km of highway affected of $51,705, and an increase of 11% in distance and 11% in time required while using detours. Roadway financial impacts involved around $32,680 per km of highway for hazard tree removal emergency repairs and a decrease of about 14% in the annual average daily traffic (AADT) because of traffic impacts. This paper expands the existing body of knowledge by providing a single source for statistical data required to conduct reliable financial analysis on damages to roadways due to megafires.
In vitro 5-LOX inhibitory and antioxidant potential of isoxazole derivatives
Authors: Alam Waqas , Khan Haroon , Jan Muhammad Saeed , W. Darwish Hany , Daglia Maria , A. Elhenawy Ahmed
Published: October 2024

5-Lipoxygenase (5-LOX) is a key enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of pro-inflammatory leukotrienes, leading to asthma. Developing potent 5-LOX inhibitors are highly attractive. In this research the previously synthesized isoxazole derivatives has been investigated against 5-LOX inhibitory and antioxidant in vitro assay. The compound 3 caused concentration dependent inhibition of 5-LOX with overall IC50 value of 8.47 μM. The investigated compounds C5 also exhibited good 5-LOX inhibitory effect. The IC50 demonstrated for C5 was 10.48. Among the 10 synthesized compounds, the potential 5-LOX inhibitory effect was reported for C6. The most potent compound which showed excellent free radical scavenging effect was C3 having IC50 value of 10.96 μM. The next most potent antioxidant activity was reported for C5 which non-significantly showed free radical scavenging effect. The IC50 value observed for C5 was 13.12 μM. Compound C6 also showed potent dose dependent antioxidant effect with IC50 value of 18.87 μM having percent inhibition of 91.63±0.55, 88.45±0.49, 83.53±0.45, 78.42±0.66 and 73.72±0.64 at concentration 1000–62.5 μg/mL respectively. Among the tested compounds, C6 was found most potent which showed significant 5-LOX percent inhibition assay and also reported the minimum IC50 value comparable to the reference drug. The in vitro 5-LOX enzymes inhibition assays of C5 and C3 also showed excellent percent inhibition and good potency next to C6. We concluded that amongst the investigated designed molecules the C3 was found best potent and showed significant dose dependent antioxidant activity against DPPH screening. The IC50 value reported for C3 was found good as compared to standard drug. Moreover, C5 and C6 also showed excellent free radical scavenging effect against DPPH assay. Computational methods have also been employed to explore the probable interaction model of inhibitors and enzyme active sites, and also to correlate the results of in silico and in vitro studies.
The relationship between fear of missing out, digital technology use, and psychological well-being: A scoping review of conceptual and empirical issues
Authors: Groenestein Ellen , Willemsen Lotte , van Koningsbruggen Guido M. , Ket Hans , Kerkhof Peter
Published: October 2024

Given the rise of digital technology and its assumed impact on psychological well-being, this scoping review systematically examines the literature on Fear of Missing Out (FoMO), which is assumed to play a pivotal role in this dynamic. Although adverse effects of FoMO are commonly assumed, there is still no consensus on the nature of the phenomenon or its relations with psychological well-being and digital technology use, making a scoping review essential. To address this need, we comprehensively assess the conceptualizations of the construct of FoMO and its roles in relation to well-being and digital technology use. We conducted a literature search in PubMed, Ebsco/APA PsycINFO, and Web of Science (period 2013 to July 7, 2023), screening 4121 articles at the title and abstract level and assessing 342 full-text articles for eligibility, ultimately including 106 articles. The review revealed a fragmented FoMO literature, emphasizing the need for conceptual clarity to address critical gaps and inconsistencies in existing research. Consensus exists on FoMO’s essence—an unpleasant feeling arising from missed social experiences driven by activity comparison. However, debates include FoMO’s associated affective states and conceptual boundaries, as well as the need to disentangle FoMO as a trait or state. The review also underscored FoMO’s multifaceted roles in well-being and digital technology use, highlighting the need for causal research, theoretical guidance, and unified terminology to advance understanding in the FoMO literature.
The prevalence and correlates of biomarker positive unhealthy alcohol use among women living with and without HIV in San Francisco, California
Authors: Jain Jennifer P. , Ma Yifei , Dawson-Rose Carol , Santos Glenn-Milo , Han Alvina , Price Jennifer , Hahn Judith A. , Tien Phyllis C.
Published: October 2024

The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence and correlates of phosphatidylethanol (PEth) levels suggestive of unhealthy alcohol use among women living with and without HIV who self-reported no or low-risk drinking. We analyzed data from a cross-sectional study among women enrolled in the San Francisco Bay Area site of the Women’s Interagency HIV Study (WIHS). Between October 2017 and March 2018, PEth was tested from dried blood spots in 192 women enrolled in the San Francisco site of the WIHS. Using multivariable logistic regression, we identified the correlates of PEth levels suggestive of unhealthy alcohol use (>50 ng/ml) among the 168 women who reported no or low-risk drinking (<7 drinks per week) in the past six months, while controlling for age in years and race/ethnicity. Among the 168 women in the analysis sample, the median age was 55; 51% identified as Black/African American, 47% were living with HIV and 28% had PEth levels ≥50 ng/ml which are suggestive of unhealthy alcohol use. Factors independently associated with PEth levels ≥50 ng/ml in adjusted models were: identifying as Black/African American (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 8.34, 95% CI = 2.06–33.72), having an alanine transaminase to aspartate aminotransferase ratio > 1 (aOR = 3.10, 95% CI = 1.18–8.13), higher high-density lipoprotein levels (aOR = 1.31 per 10 mg/dL increase, 95% CI = 1.01–1.70), and consuming a greater number of drinks per week in the past six months (aOR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.10–1.78). Nearly a third of women in this study had PEth levels suggestive of unhealthy alcohol use and potentially under-reported their use. To optimize alcohol related health care, there is a need to consider approaches to improve ascertainment of unhealthy alcohol use, especially among Black/African American women and those living with liver disease, so that interventions can be initiated.
CoGTEx: Unscaled system-level coexpression estimation from GTEx data forecast novel functional gene partners
Authors: Cortes-Guzman Miguel-Angel , Treviño Víctor
Published: October 2024

Motivation

Coexpression estimations are helpful for analysis of pathways, cofactors, regulators, targets, and human health and disease. Ideally, coexpression estimations should consider as many diverse cell types as possible and consider that available data is not uniform across tissues. Importantly, the coexpression estimations accessible today are performed on a “tissue level”, which is based on cell type standardized formulations. Little or no attention is paid to overall gene expression levels. The tissue-level estimation assumes that variance expression levels are more important than mean expression levels. Here, we challenge this assumption by estimating a coexpression calculation at the “system level”, which is estimated without standardization by tissue, and show that it provides valuable information. We made available a resource to view, download, and analyze both, tissue- and system-level coexpression estimations from GTEx human data.

Methods

GTEx v8 expression data was globally normalized, batch-processed, and filtered. Then, PCA, clustering, and tSNE stringent procedures were applied to generate 42 distinct and curated tissue clusters. Coexpression was estimated from these 42 tissue clusters computing the correlation of 33,445 genes by sampling 70 samples per tissue cluster to avoid tissue overrepresentation. This process was repeated 20 times, extracting the minimum value provided as a robust estimation. Three metrics were calculated (Pearson, Spearman, and G-statistic) in two data processing modes, at the system-level (TPM scale) and tissue levels (z-score scale).

Results

We first validate our tissue-level estimations compared with other databases. Then, by specific analyses in several examples and literature validations of predictions, we show that system-level coexpression estimation differs from tissue-level estimations and that both contain valuable information reflected in biological pathways. We also show that coexpression estimations are associated to transcriptional regulation. Finally, we present CoGTEx, a valuable resource for viewing and analyzing coexpressed genes in human adult tissues from GTEx v8 data. We introduce our web resource to list, view and explore the coexpressed genes from GTEx data.

Conclusion

We conclude that system-level coexpression is a novel and interesting coexpression metric capable of generating plausible predictions and biological hypotheses; and that CoGTEx is a valuable resource to view, compare, and download system- and tissue- level coexpression estimations from GTEx data.

Availability

The web resource is available at http://bioinformatics.mx/cogtex.