bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improved adaptation to physical stress in mice overexpressing SUR2A is associated with changes in the pattern of Q-T interval
Authors: Sudhir Rajni , Du Qingyou , Sukhodub Andriy , Jovanović Sofija , Jovanović Aleksandar
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine whether increased expression of SUR2A, a regulatory subunit of sarcolemmal ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels, improves adaptation to physical stress and regulates cardiac electrophysiology in physical stress. All experiments have been done on transgenic mice in which SUR2A expression was controlled by cytomegalovirus immediate-early (CMV) promoter (SUR2A) and their littermate wild-type controls (WT). The levels of mRNA in heart tissue were measured by real-time RT-PCR. Electrocardiogram (ECG) was monitored with telemetry. The physical adaptation to stress was elucidated using treadmill. We have found that SUR2A mice express 8.34 ± 0.20 times more myocardial SUR2A mRNA than WT (n = 8–18). The tolerated workload on exercise stress test was more than twofold higher in SUR2A than in WT (n = 5–7; P = 0.01). The pattern of Q-T interval from the beginning of the exercise test until drop point was as follows in the wild type: (1) increase in Q-T interval, (2) decrease in Q-T interval, (3) steady stage with a further decrease in Q-T interval, and (4) a sharp increase in Q-T interval. The pattern of Q-T interval was different in transgenic mice and the following stages have been observed: (1) increase in Q-T interval, (2) decrease in Q-T interval, and (3) prolonged steady-state stage with a slight decrease in Q-T interval. In SUR2A mice, no stage 4 (a sharp increase in Q-T interval) was observed. Based on the obtained results, we conclude that an increase in the expression of SUR2A improves adaptation to physical stress and physical endurance by increasing the number of sarcolemmal KATP channels and, by virtue of their channel activity, improving Ca2+ homeostasis in the heart.
Integration der Ladeinfrastruktur in das elektrische Energiesystem
Authors: Fasthuber Dominik
Published: May 2020

Der stetige Zuwachs von Ladeinfrastruktur für die Elektromobilität stellt die Verteilnetzbetreiber vor neue Herausforderungen. Vor allem im Zusammenspiel mit leistungsstarken Verbrauchern und Erzeugern (Wärmepumpen, Photovoltaik etc.) kann es zu erheblichen Mehrbelastungen im Netz kommen, welche dieses an dessen Betriebsgrenzen führen kann.

Aus dieser Motivation heraus soll diese Arbeit das grundlegende Verständnis für die Problematik der Integration von Ladeinfrastruktur in das elektrische Energiesystem erörtern. Dabei wird das prinzipielle Verhalten von Elektrofahrzeugen beim Ladevorgang aus Sicht des Netzes erarbeitet und eine mathematische Modellierung für die Analysen in zeitreihenbasierten Lastflussprogrammen vorgestellt. Zusätzlich werden die beeinflussenden Parameter des Ladevorganges diskutiert. Neben der Standortwahl ist die zu erwartende maximale Ladeleistung der Elektrofahrzeuge das entscheidende Kriterium für die Netzplanung. Eine Aufarbeitung dieser beiden Punkte zeigt, welche Erkenntnisse daraus für die Netzplanung abgeleitet werden können.

Abschließend wird ein Ausblick über weitergehende Herausforderungen zur allgemeinen Thematik der Integration von Elektrofahrzeugen im Verteilnetz für die nächsten Jahre gegeben. Einige Handlungsempfehlungen für eine erfolgreiche hochskalierte Integration von Ladeinfrastruktur schließen letztlich die Abhandlung.
Cranial facet joint injuries in percutaneous lumbar pedicle screw placement: a matched-pair analysis comparing intraoperative 3D navigation and conventional fluoroscopy
Authors: Hohenhaus Marc , Watzlawick Ralf , Masalha Waseem , Volz Florian , Scholz Christoph , Hubbe Ulrich , Klingler Jan-Helge
Published: May 2020

Purpose

The violation of the cranial adjacent facet is a frequent complication in lumbar instrumentations and can induce local pain and adjacent segment disease. Minimally invasive screw implantation is often stated as risk factor in comparison with open approaches. Percutaneous pedicle screw placement (PPSP) can be performed using single X-ray images (fluoroscopy) or intraoperative 3D navigation. The study compares top-level screws in percutaneous lumbar instrumentations regarding facet violations and screw pedicle position using navigation or fluoroscopy.

Methods

Patients after lumbar PPSP were retrospectively separated according to the intraoperative technique: navigation (NAV) or fluoroscopy (FLUORO). Two blinded investigators graded the top-level screws regarding facet violations and pedicle breach in postoperative CT scans. Subsequent matched cohort analysis was performed for comparable groups.

Results

Evaluating 768 screws, we assessed 70 (9.1%) facet violations. Overall, 186 (24.2%) screws were implanted using navigation. There was no significant difference in the rate of facet violations between both imaging groups (NAV 19/186, 10.2%, FLUORO 51/582, 8.8%,p = 0.55). Totally, 728 (94.8%) of all screws showed a correct pedicle position. Most of the 40 unfavorable pedicle positions were placed by fluoroscopy (NAV 4/186, 2.2%, FLUORO 36/582, 6.6%,p = 0.03). The matched cohorts verified these results (facet violations: NAV 19/186, 10.2%, FLUORO 18/186, 9.7%,p = 0.55; pedicle penetrations: NAV 4/186, 2.2%, FLUORO 12/186, 6.9%,p = 0.04).

Conclusions

Both intraoperative imaging techniques allow lumbar PPSP with low rates of cranial facet violations if the surgeon intends to preserve facet integrity. Navigation was superior concerning accurate pedicle screw position, but could not significantly prevent facet violations.
Completion of the sequence of the Aspergillus fumigatus partitivirus 1 genome
Authors: Filippou Charalampos , Coutts Robert H. A. , Stevens David A. , Sabino Raquel , Kotta-Loizou Ioly
Published: May 2020

A Portuguese isolate of Aspergillus fumigatus was found to contain three double-stranded (ds) RNA elements ranging in size from 1.1 to 1.8 kbp and comprising the genome of a strain of Aspergillus fumigatus partitivirus 1 (AfuPV-1) previously thought to contain only the two largest dsRNA elements. The sequence of the smallest dsRNA element is described here, completing the sequence of the AfuPV-1 genome. Sequence analysis of the element revealed an open reading frame encoding a protein of unknown function similar in size and distantly related to elements previously identified in other members of the family Partitiviridae.
Sensory profiles in women with neuropathic pain after breast cancer surgery
Authors: Mustonen L. , Vollert J. , Rice A. S. C. , Kalso E. , Harno H.
Published: May 2020

Purpose

We performed a detailed analysis of sensory function in patients with chronic post-surgical neuropathic pain (NP) after breast cancer treatments by quantitative sensory testing (QST) with DFNS (German Research Network on Neuropathic Pain) protocol and bed side examination (BE). The nature of sensory changes in peripheral NP may reflect distinct pathophysiological backgrounds that can guide the treatment choices. NP with sensory gain (i.e., hyperesthesia, hyperalgesia, allodynia) has been shown to respond to Na+-channel blockers (e.g., oxcarbazepine).

Methods

104 patients with at least “probable” NP in the surgical area were included. All patients had been treated for breast cancer 4–9 years ago and the handling of the intercostobrachial nerve (ICBN) was verified by the surgeon. QST was conducted at the site of NP in the surgical or nearby area and the corresponding contralateral area. BE covered the upper body and sensory abnormalities were marked on body maps and digitalized for area calculation. The outcomes of BE and QST were compared to assess the value of QST in the sensory examination of this patient group.

Results

Loss of function in both small and large fibers was a prominent feature in QST in the area of post-surgical NP. QST profiles did not differ between spared and resected ICBN. In BE, hypoesthesia on multiple modalities was highly prevalent. The presence of sensory gain in BE was associated with more intense pain.

Conclusions

Extensive sensory loss is characteristic for chronic post-surgical NP several years after treatment for breast cancer. These patients are unlikely to respond to Na+-channel blockers.
Relocating shared automated vehicles under parking constraints: assessing the impact of different strategies for on-street parking
Authors: Winter Konstanze , Cats Oded , Martens Karel , van Arem Bart
Published: May 2020

With shared mobility services becoming increasingly popular and vehicle automation technology advancing fast, there is an increasing interest in analysing the impacts of large-scale deployment of shared automated vehicles. In this study, a large fleet of shared automated vehicles providing private rides to passengers is introduced to an agent-based simulation model based on the city of Amsterdam, the Netherlands. The fleet is dimensioned for a sufficient service efficiency during peak-hours, meaning that in off-peak hours a substantial share of vehicles is idle, requiring vehicle relocation strategies. This study assesses the performance of zonal pro-active relocation strategies for on-demand passenger transport under constrained curbside parking capacity: (1) demand-anticipation, (2) even supply dispersion and (3) balancing between demand and supply of vehicles. The strategies are analysed in regard to service efficiency (passenger waiting times, operational efficiency), service externalities (driven mileage, parking usage) and service equity (spatial distribution of externalities and service provision). All pro-active relocation strategies are outperformed by a naïve remain-at-drop off-location strategy in a scenario where curbside parking capacity is in abundance. The demand-anticipation heuristic leads to the highest average waiting times due to vehicle bunching at demand-hotspots which results in an uneven usage of parking facilities. The most favourable results in regard to service efficiency and equity are achieved with the heuristics balancing demand and supply, at the costs of higher driven mileage due to the relocation of idle vehicles. These results open up opportunities for municipalities to accompany the introduction of large fleets of shared automated vehicles with suitable curbside management strategies that mitigate undesired effects.
The Coconut Water Antimicrobial Peptide CnAMP1 Is Taken up into Intestinal Cells but Does Not Alter P-Glycoprotein Expression and Activity
Authors: Anaya Katya , Podszun Maren , Franco Octavio Luiz , de Almeida Gadelha Carlos Alberto , Frank Jan
Published: May 2020

Coconut antimicrobial peptide-1 (CnAMP1) is a naturally occurring bioactive peptide from green coconut water (Cocos nucifera L.). Although biological activities have been reported, the physiological relevance of these reports remains elusive as it is unknown if CnAMP1 is taken up into intestinal cells. To address this open question, we investigated the cytotoxicity of CnAMP1 in intestinal cells and its cellular uptake into human intestinal cells. Considering the importance of the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) to the intestinal metabolism of xenobiotics, we also investigated the influence of CnAMP1 on P-gp activity and expression. Both cell lines showed intracellular fluorescence after incubation with fluorescein labelled CnAMP1, indicating cellular uptake of the intact or fragmented peptide. CnAMP1 (12.5–400 μmol/L) showed no signs of cytotoxicity in LS180 and differentiated Caco-2 cells and did not affect P-gp expression and activity. Further research is required to investigate the identity of CnAMP1 hydrolysis fragments and their potential biological activities.
Strange Bedfellows: Coordinating Medicare and Medicaid to Achieve Cost-Effective Care for Patients with the Greatest Health Needs
Authors: Elmaleh-Sachs Arielle , Schneider Eric C.
Published: May 2020

This perspective describes federal efforts in the United States (U.S.) to integrate care for an especially complex, vulnerable, and costly patient population: adults eligible for both Medicare and Medicaid insurance. The goal of the paper is to demystify for clinical policy leaders and practicing clinicians the origins and evolution of the Dual-Eligible Special Needs Plans (D-SNPs) recently permanently authorized by the U.S. Congress and to explore the potential for these policy changes to help such health plans improve care for the sickest and most vulnerable Americans.
Naturalizing Darwall’s Second Person Standpoint
Authors: Isern-Mas Carme , Gomila Antoni
Published: May 2020

In this paper, we take Darwall’s analytical project of the second-person standpoint as the starting point for a naturalistic project about our moral psychology. In his project, Darwall contends that our moral notions constitutively imply the perspective of second-personal interaction, i.e. the interaction of two mutually recognized agents who make and acknowledge claims on one another. This allows him to explain the distinctive purported authority of morality. Yet a naturalized interpretation of it has potential as an account of our moral psychology. We propose a naturalistic interpretation of Darwall’s work to address some of the main issues about our moral psychology. First, we explain why moral norms motivate us; namely, because of these second-personal relations. We provide a naturalized version of this solution. Second, we articulate how intersubjective interactions take place effectively; grounding duties to particular other subjects, and being related to distinctive moral emotions. Third, we address the question of the limits of the moral community, proposing that it comprises all agents capable of second-personal interactions. Finally, we explain the emergence of community norms through intersubjective interaction. Since all group members can adopt alternatively the second-personal stance to each other, demands are sanctioned and recognized in a triangulation process which explains the emergence of group norms.
Correction to: A Systematic Review of Methodological Variation in Healthcare Provider Perspective Tuberculosis Costing Papers Conducted in Low- and Middle-Income Settings, Using An Intervention-Standardised Unit Cost Typology
Authors: Cunnama Lucy , Gomez Gabriela B. , Siapka Mariana , Herzel Ben , Hill Jeremy , Kairu Angela , Levin Carol , Okello Dickson , DeCormier Plosky Willyanne , Garcia Baena Inés , Sweeney Sedona , Vassall Anna , Sinanovic Edina
Published: May 2020

In the original version of this article, Fig. 3 was published in an incorrect format. The correct figure is published with this correction.
Italian nurses knowledge and attitudes towards fatigue in pediatric onco-hematology
Authors: Rostagno Elena , Bergadano Anna , Piredda Michela , De Marinis Maria Grazia
Published: May 2020

Background and Objective:

Fatigue is one of the most debilitating and prevalent symptoms in pediatric cancer patients and it is important to know if nurses are able to recognize and manage it. The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge and attitudes towards fatigue of nurses working in Italian pediatric onco-hematology centers.

Methods:

Cross-sectional online survey. An existing questionnaire was adapted to the Italian context, extended with a section on attitudes, and psychometrically tested. The questionnaire was sent to all nurses working in Italian pediatric onco-hematology centers.

Results:

Respondents (n = 189), who were working in 37/53 (~70%) centers, reported 42% of children and 68% of adolescents experiencing fatigue, with intensity increasing with age. Contributing factors were treatments and co-morbidities; frequent symptoms were mood changes and lack of energy. Among respondents who did not assess fatigue, 36.2% did not know an appropriate tool. Nurses recognized fatigue as an important problem and their knowledge and attitudes towards fatigue seemed satisfactory.

Conclusion:

This study provides nurses with an instrument to investigate their knowledge and attitudes about fatigue. Nurses' awareness of the significance of fatigue is a fundamental step towards improving its management and offering strategies that can help both the child and their family.
The Breadth of Visual Attention
Authors: Goodhew Stephanie C.
Published: May 2020

Humans can focus their attention narrowly (e.g., to read this text) or broadly (e.g., to determine which way a large crowd of people are moving). This Element comprehensively considers attentional breadth. Section 1 introduces the concept of attentional breadth, while Section 2 considers measures of attentional breadth. In particular, this section provides a critical discussion of the types of psychometric evidence which should be sought to establish the validity of measures of attentional breadth and reviews the available evidence through this lens. Section 3 considers the visual task performance consequences of attentional breadth, including prescribing several key methodological criteria that studies that manipulate attentional breadth need to meet, as well as a discussion of relevant theories and avenues for future theoretical development. Section 4 discusses the utility of the exogenous–endogenous distinction from covert shifts of attention for understanding the performance consequences of attentional breadth. Finally, Section 5 provides concluding remarks.
A framework for attenuation method selection evaluated with ice-penetrating radar data at South Pole Lake
Authors: Hills Benjamin H. , Christianson Knut , Holschuh Nicholas
Published: May 2020

All radar power interpretations require a correction for attenuative losses. Moreover, radar attenuation is a proxy for ice-column properties, such as temperature and chemistry. Prior studies use either paired thermodynamic and conductivity models or the radar data themselves to calculate attenuation, but there is no standard method to do so; and, before now, there has been no robust methodological comparison. Here, we develop a framework meant to guide the implementation of empirical attenuation methods based on survey design and regional glaciological conditions. We divide the methods into the three main groups: (1) those that infer attenuation from a single reflector across many traces; (2) those that infer attenuation from multiple reflectors within one trace; and (3) those that infer attenuation by contrasting the measured power from primary and secondary reflections. To assess our framework, we introduce a new ground-based radar survey from South Pole Lake, comparing selected empirical methods to the expected attenuation from a temperature- and chemistry-dependent Arrhenius model. Based on the small surveyed area, lack of a sufficient calibration surface and low reflector relief, the attenuation methods that use multiple reflectors are most suitable at South Pole Lake.
On the relation between ionospheric parameters and sunspot number
Authors: Hall Chris , Johnsen Magnar Gullikstad
Published: May 2020

In a recent study, mid-latitude ionospheric parameters were compared with solar activity; it was suggested that the relationship between these, earlier assumed stable, might be changing with time (Lastovicka, 2019). Here, the information is extended to higher latitude (69.6°N, 19.2E) and further back in time. For the ionospheric F-region (viz. the critical frequency, FoF2) the same behaviour is seen with a change-point around 1996. For the ionospheric E-region (viz. the critical frequency, foE), change-points are less obvious than in the mid-latitude study, presumably owing to the observation site lying under the auroral oval.
COVID-19 infections among HCWs exposed to a patient with a delayed diagnosis of COVID-19
Authors: Baker Meghan A. , Rhee Chanu , Fiumara Karen , Bennett-Rizzo Carin , Tucker Robert , Williams Sarah A. , Wickner Paige , Beloff Jennifer , McGrath Casey , Poulton Alexa , Klompas Michael
Published: May 2020

We report on COVID-19 risk among HCWs exposed to a patient diagnosed with COVID-19 on day 13 of hospitalization. There were 44 HCWs exposed to the patient before contact and droplet precautions were implemented: of these, 2 of 44 (5%) developed COVID-19 potentially attributable to the exposure.
Semi-classical solutions for Kirchhoff type problem with a critical frequency
Authors: Xie Qilin , Zhang Xu
Published: May 2020

In the present paper, we consider the following Kirchhoff type problem$$ -\Big(\varepsilon^2+\varepsilon b \int_{\mathbb R^3} | \nabla v|^2\Big) \Delta v+V(x)v=|v|^{p-2}v \quad {\rm in}\ \mathbb{R}^3, $$whereb> 0,p∈ (4, 6), the potential$V\in C(\mathbb R^3,\mathbb R)$andɛis a positive parameter. The existence and multiplicity of semi-classical state solutions are obtained by variational method for this problem with several classes of critical frequency potentials, i.e.,$\inf _{\mathbb R^N} V=0$. As to Kirchhoff type problem, little has been done for the critical frequency cases in the literature, especially the potential may vanish at infinity.
COMMEMORATING THE SACK OF ROME (1527): ANTIQUITY AND AUTHORITY IN RENAISSANCE POETIC CALENDARS
Authors: Xinyue Bobby
Published: May 2020

This paper aims to advance scholarly understanding of the intellectual significance of Ovid'sFastiduring the European Renaissance by examining a number of early modern poetic calendars modelled on the Ovidian poem. Recent studies of Ovid'sFastihave noted that the poem's propensity to contest the meaning of a particular occasion facilitates a sustained examination of the relationship between the past and present of Rome, through which the poet disrupts the reorganization of the Roman calendar by Augustus. This paper suggests that a similarly politically charged operation underpins a number of Renaissancefastipoems. Using these poems’ remembrance of the Sack of Rome (1527) as a case study, this article argues, firstly, that the genre's commemorative function is mobilized competitively by its early modern authors to reflect on the history and status of Rome, particularly the city's role as thecaput mundisince antiquity. Secondly, it will be shown that in the second half of the sixteenth century the genre of calendrical poetry — and Ovid'sFastiin particular — became an important medium through which Renaissance humanists critiqued the nature of power at a time when political and ecclesiastical schisms hardened across Europe.
Winter climate change on the northern and southern Antarctic Peninsula
Authors: Evtushevsky Oleksandr M. , Kravchenko Volodymyr O. , Grytsai Asen V. , Milinevsky Gennadi P.
Published: May 2020

Differences in the decadal trend in the winter surface temperature in the northern and southern Antarctic Peninsula have been analysed. Time series from the two stations Esperanza and Faraday/Vernadsky since the early 1950s are used. The two time series are strongly correlated only during the 1980s and 1990s when their variability and trends are associated with both the Niño-4 region and Southern Annular Mode impacts. The winter cooling at the Faraday/Vernadsky station contrasts with the winter warming at the Esperanza station during the period of 2006–17. The different temperature trends are accompanied by weak correlations between the temperatures at these two stations. Linearly congruent components of the station temperature trends in 2006–17 indicate a dominant contribution of Southern Annular Mode (tropical sea surface temperature anomalies) to warming (cooling) in the northern (southern) Peninsula. Distinctive impacts of climate modes are observed in combination with the recent deepening of the negative sea-level pressure anomaly to the west of the peninsula and the related change in the zonal and meridional wind components. These factors apparently contribute to the occurrence of the boundary that crosses the peninsula and divides it into sub-regions with warming and cooling.
Entry Assessment of Student Learning Preconditions in Higher Education: Implications for the Transition from Secondary to Tertiary Education in Germany
Authors: Zlatkin-Troitschanskaia Olga , Schlax Jasmin
Published: May 2020

The acquisition of domain-specific knowledge and interdisciplinary skills such as critical thinking is increasingly gaining significance as key learning outcomes in higher education that are crucial for all professionals and engaged citizens and that enable lifelong learning. Despite this socio-political consensus, up until the last decade there have only been a few evidence-based insights into the competencies of higher education students. Therefore, the Germany-wide research program Modelling and Measuring Competencies in Higher Education (KoKoHs) was established in 2011 by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research. In the 85 projects, theoretical-conceptual competence models and corresponding assessments were developed for selected large study domains (e.g. economics) to reliably measure the students’ competencies in different phases of higher education (entering, undergraduate, graduate). More than 100 technology-based assessments of both discipline-specific competencies and generic skills were validated across Germany at over 350 universities with over 75,000 students. This article presents findings from the Germany-wide entry diagnostics in the one KoKoHs project (WiWiKom II) with beginning students in business, economic and social sciences that provide evidence-based insights into students’ learning preconditions and their impact on domain-specific knowledge acquisition in bachelor’s degree courses. The results lead to far-reaching practical implications for successful transitions between secondary and tertiary education, including recommendations for the development of mechanisms to support access to tertiary education and to prevent high dropout rates.
Nutrition composition of children’s meals in twenty-six large US chain restaurants
Authors: Dunn Caroline G , Vercammen Kelsey A , Frelier Johannah M , Moran Alyssa J , Bleich Sara N
Published: May 2020

Objective:

To compare the nutritional quality of children’s combination meals offered at large US chain restaurants characterised by three versions – default (advertised), minimum (lower-energy) and maximum (higher-energy).

Design:

We identified default children’s meals (n 92) from online restaurant menus, then constructed minimum and maximum versions using realistic additions, substitutions and/or portion size changes for existing menu items. Nutrition data were obtained from the MenuStat database. Bootstrapped linear models assessed nutrition differences between meal versions and the extent to which meal components (main dish, side dish, beverage) drove differences across versions. For each version, we examined the proportion of meals meeting the Guidelines for Responsible Food Marketing to Children.

Setting:

Twenty-six fast-food and fast-casual restaurants, in 2017.

Participants:

None.

Results:

Nutrient values differed significantly across meal versions for energy content (default 2443 kJ (584 kcal), minimum 1674 kJ (400 kcal), maximum 3314 kJ (792 kcal)), total fat (23, 17, 33 g), saturated fat (8, 6, 11 g), Na (1046, 915, 1287 mg) and sugar (35, 14, 51 g). The substitution of lower-energy beverages resulted in the greatest reduction in energy content (default to minimum, −418 kJ (−100 kcal)) and sugar (−20 g); choosing lower-energy side dishes resulted in the greatest reduction in total fat (default to minimum, −4 g), saturated fat (−1·1 g) and Na (−69 mg). Only 3 % of meals met guidelines for all nutrients.

Conclusions:

Realistic modifications to children’s combination meals using existing menu options can significantly alter a meal’s nutrient composition. Promoting lower-energy items as the default option, especially for beverages and side dishes, has a potential to reduce fat, saturated fat and/or sugar in children’s meals.
PATCHING AND THE COMPLETED HOMOLOGY OF LOCALLY SYMMETRIC SPACES
Authors: Gee Toby , Newton James
Published: May 2020

Under an assumption on the existence of $p$-adic Galois representations, we carry out Taylor–Wiles patching (in the derived category) for the completed homology of the locally symmetric spaces associated with $\operatorname{GL}_{n}$ over a number field. We use our construction, and some new results in non-commutative algebra, to show that standard conjectures on completed homology imply ‘big $R=\text{big}~\mathbb{T}$’ theorems in situations where one cannot hope to appeal to the Zariski density of classical points (in contrast to all previous results of this kind). In the case where $n=2$ and $p$ splits completely in the number field, we relate our construction to the $p$-adic local Langlands correspondence for $\operatorname{GL}_{2}(\mathbb{Q}_{p})$.
Ultraschall der Schulter (adaptiert nach SGUM-Richtlinien)
Authors: Tamborrini Giorgio , Bianchi Stefano
Published: May 2020

Zusammenfassung. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit wird die vereinfachte Ultraschallanatomie der Schulter erläutert. Es werden die adaptierten grundlegenden Standardebenen nach SGUM-Richtlinien im Detail beschrieben und anhand einer Auswahl von hochauflösenden Ultraschall-Bildern illustriert. Um Pathologien zu erkennen, sind fundierte Kenntnisse der sonografischen Anatomie unabdingbar.
Intraocular Pressure Reactivity to Social Stressors
Authors: Sanz Antoni , Méndez-Ulrich Jorge Luis
Published: May 2020

Abstract. A field study was carried out in an optometry clinic, aimed at assessing the role of perceived control and aversiveness of non-contact tonometry in intraocular pressure (IOP) reactivity to psychosocial stressors, and analyzing the covariation with cardiovascular and affective reactivity. Forty-four customers volunteered to participate in the study. Perceived control (self-efficacy and threat) was assessed at the onset. IOP, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, affect, and aversiveness of the IOP measurement procedure were assessed throughout five phases with a mean duration for each phase of 9 min: arrival, optometry, baseline, stressor task (speech in public task), and recovery. The results suggest that IOP decreases over time and the stressor task induced a remarkable reactivity in all the physiological variables assessed. The interaction between self-efficacy and threat partially explains individual variability in IOP: a high threat combined with a high self-efficacy yielded higher reactivity in IOP or increased tonic values throughout the phases. The aversiveness of the measurement procedure did not affect IOP. Intraocular Pressure (IOP) is reactive to social stressors and perceived control partially explains individual variability. Cardiovascular and IOP reactivity are parallel phenomena but do not share a common regulatory mechanism.
A Long‐Lived Sharp Disruption on the Lower Clouds of Venus
Authors: Peralta J. , Navarro T. , Vun C. W. , Sánchez‐Lavega A. , McGouldrick K. , Horinouchi T. , Imamura T. , Hueso R. , Boyd J. P. , Schubert G. , Kouyama T. , Satoh T. , Iwagami N. , Young E. F. , Bullock M. A. , Machado P. , Lee Y. J. , Limaye S. S. , Nakamura M. , Tellmann S. , Wesley A. , Miles P.
Published: May 2020

Planetary‐scale waves are thought to play a role in powering the yet unexplained atmospheric superrotation of Venus. Puzzlingly, while Kelvin, Rossby, and stationary waves manifest at the upper clouds (65–70 km), no planetary‐scale waves or stationary patterns have been reported in the intervening level of the lower clouds (48–55 km), although the latter are probably Lee waves. Using observations by the Akatsuki orbiter and ground‐based telescopes, we show that the lower clouds follow a regular cycle punctuated between 30°N and 40°S by a sharp discontinuity or disruption with potential implications to Venus's general circulation and thermal structure. This disruption exhibits a westward rotation period of ∼4.9 days faster than winds at this level (∼6‐day period), alters clouds' properties and aerosols, and remains coherent during weeks. Past observations reveal its recurrent nature since at least 1983, and numerical simulations show that a nonlinear Kelvin wave reproduces many of its properties.
Author Correction: Jawbone microenvironment promotes periodontium regeneration by regulating the function of periodontal ligament stem cells
Authors: Zhu Bin , Liu Wenjia , Liu Yihan , Zhao Xicong , Zhang Hao , Luo Zhuojing , Jin Yan
Published: May 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: Identification of a binding protein for sesamin and characterization of its roles in plant growth
Authors: Tera Masayuki , Koyama Tomotsugu , Murata Jun , Furukawa Ayako , Mori Shoko , Azuma Toshiaki , Watanabe Takehiro , Hori Katsuhito , Okazawa Atsushi , Kabe Yasuaki , Suematsu Makoto , Satake Honoo , Ono Eiichiro , Horikawa Manabu
Published: May 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: Challenges in the serological evaluation of dogs clinically suspect for canine leishmaniasis
Authors: Santarém Nuno , Sousa Susana , Amorim Célia G. , de Carvalho Nuno Lima , de Carvalho Hugo Lima , Felgueiras Óscar , Brito Margarida , da Silva Anabela Cordeiro
Published: May 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Ecophysiology of nickel hyperaccumulating plants from South Africa – from ultramafic soil and mycorrhiza to plants and insects
Authors: Mesjasz-Przybyłowicz Jolanta , Przybyłowicz Wojciech J
Published: May 2020

An overview of 30 years of studies related to South African nickel hyperaccumulators is presented. Only five species have so far been identified as Ni hyperaccumulator plants among very rich and diversified South African flora. All of them occur on soils derived from ultramafic (serpentine) rocks and belong to the family Asteraceae: Berkheya coddii Roessler, Berkheya zeyheri subsp. rehmannii var. rogersiana, Berkheya nivea, Senecio coronatus, Senecio anomalochrous. Several techniques and methods were used to investigate ecophysiological aspects of the Ni hyperaccumulation phenomenon, from basic field and laboratory studies, to advanced instrumental methods. Analysis of elemental distribution in plant parts showed that in most cases the hyperaccumulated metal was stored in physiologically inactive tissues such as the foliar epidermis. However, an exception is Berkheya coddii, which has a distinctly different pattern of Ni distribution in leaves, with the highest concentration in the mesophyll. Such a distribution suggests that different physiological mechanisms are involved in the Ni transport, storage location and detoxification, compared to other hyperaccumulator species. Berkheya coddii is a plant with high potential for phytoremediation and phytomining due to its large biomass and potentially high Ni yield, that can reach 7.6% of Ni in dry mass of leaves. Senecio coronatus is the only known hyperaccumulator with two genotypes, hyperaccumulating and non-hyperaccumulating, growing on Ni-enriched/metalliferous soil. Detailed ultrastructural studies were undertaken to characterize specialized groups of cells in the root cortex of Ni-hyperaccumulating genotype, that are not known from any other hyperaccumulator. The occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) in Ni-hyperaccumulating plants was found for the first time in South African hyperaccumulator plants, and this type of symbiosis has been proved obligatory in all of them. There is a significant influence of mycorrhiza on the concentration and distribution of several elements. Three highly specialized herbivore insects feeding only on Ni hyperaccumulator plants were identified: Chrysolina clathrata (formerly Chrysolina pardalina), Epilachna nylanderi and Stenoscepa sp. The Ni-elimination strategies of these specialised insects have been established. Microbiological studies have revealed several genera of fungi and bacteria isolated from B. coddii leaves as well as presence of specialised, Ni-resistant yeasts in the C. clathrata gut. Understanding ecophysiological response to harsh environment broadens our knowledge and can have practical applications in cleaning polluted environments through phytomining/agromining. Finally, conservation aspects are also discussed and lines for future research are proposed.
Non-covalent interactions between sertraline stereoisomers and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin: a quantum chemistry analysis
Authors: Bautista-Renedo Joanatan-Michael , Cuevas-Yañez Erick , Reyes-Pérez Horacio , Vargas Rubicelia , Garza Jorge , González-Rivas Nelly
Published: May 2020

Inclusion compounds formed between sertraline stereoisomers and β-cyclodextrin, and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, were analyzed by using quantum chemistry methods.
An electrochemical sensing platform to determine tetrahydrozoline HCl in pure form, pharmaceutical formulation, and rabbit aqueous humor
Authors: Mahmoud Amr M. , Saad Martin N. , Elzanfaly Eman S. , Amer Sawsan M. , Essam Hebatallah M.
Published: May 2020

In pharmaceutical industry and clinical applications, finding real-time analyzers with minimal sample preparation is a good aim. The presented solid-contact sensor offers a reasonable tool for selective, sensitive and eco-friendly analysis.
A bicyclic unit reversal to stabilize the 12/14-helix in mixed homochiral oligoureas
Authors: Milbeo Pierre , Simon Matthieu , Didierjean Claude , Wenger Emmanuel , Aubert Emmanuel , Martinez Jean , Amblard Muriel , Calmès Monique , Legrand Baptiste
Published: May 2020

Incorporation of highly constrained building blocks into oligoureas: a simple bicycle reversal leads to tunable 12/14-helices formation.
Biomimetic asymmetric reduction of benzoxazinones and quinoxalinones using ureas as transfer catalysts
Authors: Zhao Zi-Biao , Li Xiang , Chen Mu-Wang , Zhao Zongbao K. , Zhou Yong-Gui
Published: May 2020

Using ureas as transfer catalysts through hydrogen bonding activation, biomimetic asymmetric reduction of benzoxazinones and quinoxalinones has been developed, giving chiral products with high enantioselectivities. A key dihydroquinoxalinone intermediate of a BRD4 inhibitor was synthesized using biomimetic asymmetric reduction.
Correction: GSH-triggered release of sulfur dioxide gas to regulate redox balance for enhanced photodynamic therapy
Authors: Zhang Yu , Shen Wei , Zhang Peng , Chen Li , Xiao Chunsheng
Published: May 2020

Correction for ‘GSH-triggered release of sulfur dioxide gas to regulate redox balance for enhanced photodynamic therapy’ by Yu Zhang et al., Chem. Commun., 2020, DOI: 10.1039/d0cc00470g.
Thermal conversion of a pyridine solvate to a de-solvate facilitated by rearrangement of chalcogen bonds. The solvate and non-solvate structures of N-(2-nitro-4-(3-oxobenzo[d][1,2]selenazol-2(3H)-yl)phenyl)picolinamide
Authors: Fellowes Thomas , Van Koeverden Martin P. , White Jonathan M.
Published: May 2020

Heating the pyridine solvate 1.pyridine from 90–110 °C results in transformation to the crystalline non-solvate.
Fibrous red phosphorene: a promising two-dimensional optoelectronic and photocatalytic material with a desirable band gap and high carrier mobility
Authors: Lu Yi-Lin , Dong Shengjie , Li Jiesen , Wu Yuanqing , Wang Lu , Zhao Hui
Published: May 2020

By using density-functional theory, we have systematically investigated the structural stabilities, electronic structures, and optical properties of monolayer fibrous red phosphorene.
Biomass valorisation over metal-based solid catalysts from nanoparticles to single atoms
Authors: Mondelli Cecilia , Gözaydın Gökalp , Yan Ning , Pérez-Ramírez Javier
Published: May 2020

Metal size and speciation strongly impact catalyst efficiency and robustness in biomass upgrading through redox and acid-mediated reactions, with the full potential of single atoms and low-nuclearity species still to be unlocked by future research.
C–C and C–X coupling reactions of unactivated alkyl electrophiles using copper catalysis
Authors: Cheng Li-Jie , Mankad Neal P.
Published: May 2020

Copper catalysts enable cross-coupling reactions of unactivated alkyl electrophiles to generate C–C and C–X bonds.
(Thio)(silyl)carbene and (seleno)(silyl)carbene gold(i) complexes from the reaction of bis(methylene)-λ4-sulfane and bis(methylene)-λ4-selane with chloro(dimethylsulfide)gold(i)
Authors: Sugamata Koh , Urao Yukiko , Minoura Mao
Published: May 2020

The dinuclear (thio)(silyl)carbene and (seleno)(silyl)carbene gold(i) complexes 1 and 2 were obtained from the reaction of two equivalents of AuCl(SMe2) with the stable bis(methylene)-λ4-chalcogenanes 3 and 4, respectively.
Hydroboration of carbon dioxide enabled by molecular zinc dihydrides
Authors: Wang Xiaoming , Chang Kejian , Xu Xin
Published: May 2020

Molecular zinc dihydrides were found to be active catalysts for hydroboration of carbon dioxide, selectively giving boryl formate, bis(boryl)acetal, or methoxy-borane compounds by varying the borane reductant.
Heteroleptic Ir(iii) complexes with varied π-conjugated diimine ligands: synthesis, tunable triplet states and nonlinear absorption properties
Authors: Zhu Senqiang , Hu Lai , Gu Long , Liu Rui , Zhu Hongjun
Published: May 2020

Four heteroleptic Ir(iii) complexes (Ir-1–Ir-4) with varied π-conjugated diimine ligands were synthesized.
1,3,4-Azadiphospholides as building blocks for scorpionate and bidentate ligands in multinuclear complexes
Authors: Suter Riccardo , Wagner Mona , Querci Lorenzo , Conti Riccardo , Benkő Zoltán , Grützmacher Hansjörg
Published: May 2020

Anionic benzo 1,3,4-azadiphopholides can be used for the synthesis of a new family of scorpionate type ligands which allow to prepare multinuclear transition metal complexes.
Biosilica slab photonic crystals as an alternative to cleanroom nanofabrication?
Authors: Goessling Johannes W. , Santiago González Ana A. , Paul Raj Vijaya Shanthi , Ashworth Matt P. , Manning Schonna R. , Lopez-Garcia Martin
Published: May 2020

We propose that optical materials produced by diatoms could serve as cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternatives to cleanroom nanofabrication.
Degradable and recyclable bio-based thermoset epoxy resins
Authors: Chen Xianchao , Chen Sufang , Xu Zejun , Zhang Junheng , Miao Menghe , Zhang Daohong
Published: May 2020

A degradable and recyclable thermoset hyperbranched epoxy resin was synthesized from bio-based 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid.
Organocatalysis for versatile polymer degradation
Authors: McKeown Paul , Kamran Muhammed , Davidson Matthew G. , Jones Matthew D. , Román-Ramírez Luis A. , Wood Joseph
Published: May 2020

The use of a simple, cheap and effective organocatalyst, has been exploited for the transesterification/degradation of commercial polymers.
One-pot synthesis of porphyrin-based [5]rotaxanes
Authors: Martinez-Bulit Pablo , Wilson Benjamin H. , Loeb Stephen J.
Published: May 2020

[5]Rotaxanes prepared in a one-pot reaction via simultaneous threading-followed-by-stoppering and condensation can be used to generate different co-conformational states making these systems potential multi-state switches.
Stereoselective synthesis of 2,6-disubstituted piperidine alkaloids
Authors: Srivastava Nikhil , Macha Lingamurthy , Ha Hyun-Joon
Published: May 2020

The synthetic methods to build the 2,6-disubstituted piperidine structural motif were described focusing on stereochemical control of two substituents at C2 and C6 with specific examples of natural products.
Site-selective modification of proteins using cucurbit[7]uril as supramolecular protection for N-terminal aromatic amino acids
Authors: Smith Anton A. A. , Maikawa Caitlin L. , Roth Gillie A. , Appel Eric A.
Published: May 2020

Supramolecular protection of N-terminal aromatic amino acids through complexation with cucurbit[7]uril can enable site-selective protein modification of unfavored motifs.
In silico and in vivo studies of gp120-HIV-derived peptides in complex with G4-PAMAM dendrimers
Authors: Rolando Alberto Rodríguez-Fonseca , Martiniano Bello , Saúl Rojas-Hernández , Jazmín García-Machorro , Mara Gutiérrez-Sánchez , Alan Rubén Estrada-Pérez , Manuel Jonathan Fragoso-Vázquez , Juan Vicente Méndez-Méndez , José Correa-Basurto
Published: May 2020

Novel synthetic vaccines as immunotherapy approaches for HIV are interesting strategies that imply big challenges as they increase the poor immunogenic properties of peptide epitopes and their structural damage from the physiological environment.
Sol–gel-assisted micro-arc oxidation synthesis and characterization of a hierarchically rough structured Ta–Sr coating for biomaterials
Authors: Li Ruiyan , Wei Yongjie , Gu Long , Qin Yanguo , Li Dongdong
Published: May 2020

A hierarchically rough structured Ta–Sr coating for biomaterials fabricated by a sol–gel-assisted micro-arc oxidation technique.
Dual roles of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane in preparing molecularly imprinted silica particles for specific recognition of target molecules
Authors: Wang Fenying , Ling Baoping , Li Qianjin , Abouhany Rahma
Published: May 2020

A novel strategy was developed for preparing highly selective molecularly imprinted polymers using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane as both a functional monomer and catalyst.
Highly-controllable drug release from core cross-linked singlet oxygen-responsive nanoparticles for cancer therapy
Authors: Zhou Jiayan , Sun Chunyang , Yu Chunshui
Published: May 2020

Core cross-linked singlet oxygen-responsive nanoparticle TK-PPECe6&DOX could achieve highly-controllable drug release through self-production of SO as the stimulus to increase antitumor efficacy for cancer therapy.
Assessment of ampicillin removal efficiency from aqueous solution by polydopamine/zirconium(iv) iodate: optimization by response surface methodology
Authors: Rahman Nafisur , Varshney Poornima
Published: May 2020

Polydopamine/zirconium(iv) iodate was prepared by incorporating polydopamine into zirconium iodate gel and studied as an effective adsorbent for ampicillin.
Polypyrrole decorated metal–organic frameworks for supercapacitor devices
Authors: Patterson Nigel , Xiao Bo , Ignaszak Anna
Published: May 2020

Great improvement of specific capacitance was achieved by reinforcing polypyrrole into the structure of CPO-27-Ni/Co and HKUST-1 metal–organic frameworks.
The aging properties and phase morphology of silica filled silicone rubber/butadiene rubber composites
Authors: Leng Lin , Han Qing-Yuan , Wu You-Ping
Published: May 2020

Relationship between the aging properties and phase morphology of silica filled silicone rubber (VMQ)/butadiene rubber (BR) composites.
A stimuli-responsive, superporous and non-toxic smart hydrogel from seeds of mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris): stimuli responsive swelling/deswelling, intelligent drug delivery and enhanced aceclofenac bioavailability
Authors: Farid-ul-Haq Muhammad , Hussain Muhammad Ajaz , Haseeb Muhammad Tahir , Ashraf Muhammad Umer , Hussain Syed Zajif , Tabassum Tahira , Hussain Irshad , Sher Muhammad , Bukhari Syed Nasir Abbas , Naeem-ul-Hassan Muhammad
Published: May 2020

Artemisia vulgaris hydrogel (AVH) was evaluated as a smart material for the development of sustained and intelligent drug delivery system for NSAIDs. AVH appeared to be a non-toxic material for possible biomedical and pharmaceutical applications.
Restriction of the conrotatory motion in photo-induced 6π electrocyclic reaction: formation of the excited state of the closed-ring isomer in the cyclization
Authors: Nagasaka Tatsuhiro , Sotome Hikaru , Morikawa Soichiro , Uriarte Lucas Martinez , Sliwa Michel , Kawai Tsuyoshi , Miyasaka Hiroshi
Published: May 2020

Restriction of the molecular geometry opens up a novel pathway in the cyclization reaction of a photochromic dithiazolylarylene derivative.
Correction: Supramolecular ionogels prepared with bis(amino alcohol)oxamides as gelators: ionic transport and mechanical properties
Authors: Šantić Ana , Brinkkötter Marc , Portada Tomislav , Frkanec Leo , Cramer Cornelia , Schönhoff Monika , Moguš-Milanković Andrea
Published: May 2020

Correction for ‘Supramolecular ionogels prepared with bis(amino alcohol)oxamides as gelators: ionic transport and mechanical properties’ by Ana Šantić et al., RSC Adv., 2020, 10, 17070–17078, DOI: 10.1039/D0RA01249A.