bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Iris albicans lange as potential antimicrobial and analgesic agent
Authors: Bilal Muhammad , Naz Attiqa , Khan Amjad , Salman  , Ghaffar Rukhsana , Abrar Azra
Published: January 2023

Objective of the present work was to evaluate the presence of phytochemical constituents and pharmacological activities (antimicrobial and anti-nociceptive) of crude extract isolated from Iris albicans and its corresponding fractions. Extraction was made with methanol and extract was evaluated for the presence of different bioactive constituents, as per standard protocols. Extract and its corresponding fractions were evaluated for their antimicrobial and anti-nociceptive potential. Well diffusion method was used to evaluate the antibacterial effects while anti-nociceptive effect was studied using in-vivo models (acetic acid induced writhing, hotplate and tail immersion tests) at different dose level (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg of body weight) and compared with diclofenac sodium (dose = 10 mg/kg body weight). Results showed that the I. albicans extracts contained secondary metabolites including alkaloids, phytosterols, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, tannins, phenols, steroids, fixed oil, glycosides and carbohydrates. Furthermore, it was observed that different fractions in decreasing polarity order such as chloroform >n-Hexane > Ethyl acetate > Crude Methanol > Aqueous extract exhibited effective antimicrobial response against all test organisms. Results of the study showed that the extracts have significant antimicrobial and analgesic activity, providing evidence for its folklore use.
Evidence of emotion dysregulation as a core symptom of adult ADHD: A systematic review
Authors: Soler-Gutiérrez Ana-María , Pérez-González Juan-Carlos , Mayas Julia
Published: January 2023

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a developmental disorder, with an onset in childhood, that accompanies the person throughout their life, with prevalence between 3 and 5% in adults. Recent studies point towards a fourth core symptom of the disorder related to the emotional information processing that would explain the repercussions that ADHD has on the social, academic, and professional life of the people affected. This review aims to describe emotion dysregulation features as well as the brain activity associated in adults with ADHD. A search of the scientific literature was launched in specialized databases: PsycInfo, Medline, Eric, PsycArticle, Psicodoc and Scopus, following PRISMA guidelines. Twenty-two articles met the inclusion criteria: (a) an ADHD clinical diagnosis, (b) participants over 18 years old, (c) emotion regulation measurement, (d) empirical studies, and (c) in English. Due to the heterogeneity of the studies included, they were classified into three sections: measures and features of emotion regulation (ER) in people with ADHD, neurological and psychophysiological activity related to ER, and treatments. The studies found that meet the selection criteria are scarce and very heterogeneous both in aims and in sample features. Adults with ADHD show a more frequent use of non-adaptive emotion regulation strategies compared to people without ADHD symptoms. Moreover, emotion dysregulation was associated with symptom severity, executive functioning, psychiatric comorbidities, and even with criminal conviction. Different patterns of brain activity were observed when people with and without ADHD were compared. These results may suggest that psychopharmacological treatments as well as behavioral therapies could be useful tools for improving emotional difficulties in adult ADHD.
A framework to measure transit-oriented development around transit nodes: Case study of a mass rapid transit system in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Uddin Md. Anwar , Hoque Md. Shamsul , Tamanna Tahsin , Adiba Saima , Muniruzzaman Shah Md. , Parvez Mohammad Shahriyar
Published: January 2023

Transit-oriented development (TOD) is a tool that aids in achieving sustainable urban development. It promotes economic, environmental, and social sustainability by integrating land use and transportation planning. Many researchers have investigated mass rapid transit (MRT) station regions for TOD in developed cities. However, in a developing city such as Dhaka, measuring node-based TOD (TOD index) during MRT construction has been disregarded in planning future land use. Furthermore, no prior research on quantitative TOD measurement in Dhaka exists. As a result, we developed a framework for both quantitative and spatial node-based TOD measurement based on the four Ds (density, diversity, destination accessibility, and design) of the TOD concept. With 17 stations under construction, MRT 6 was selected as our study area. The TOD index was measured by nine indicators based on the four criteria (4Ds), spatially in the geographic information system (GIS). After calculating the indicators, the TOD index for each station’s 800m buffer was estimated using the spatial multi-criteria analysis (SMCA). A sensitivity analysis of four TOD scenarios was performed to check the model’s robustness. Additionally, a heatmap of the TOD index for MRT 6 was created for informed planning and policymaking. Furthermore, statistically significant hotspots (both Getis Org Gi* and Anselen Local Moran Statistics) and hotspot clusters were identified. Finally, we illustrate the station-based ranking based on the maximum TOD score. In addition, a detailed spider-web of nine indicators for 17 stations depicts sustainable TOD planning. However, regarding density and diversity, sustainable development and (re)development policies should be implemented not only for MRT 6 but for all Dhaka’s TOD regions.
The Securitisation of News in Turkey, Journalists as Terrorists?, Natalie Martin (2020)
Authors: Alrmizan Mohammed
Published: January 2023

Review of: The Securitisation of News in Turkey, Journalists as Terrorists?, Natalie Martin (2020)

Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 134 pp.,

ISBN 978-3-030-49380-6, h/bk, £49.99

 

Transmediality in Independent Journalism: The Turkish Case, Dilek Gürsoy (2020)

Abingdon: Routledge, 114 pp.,

ISBN 978-0-36785-913-8, h/bk, £44.99

 

Discourse and Identity in Turkish Media, Süheyla Nil Mustafa and Ayşe Dilara Bostan (eds) (2021)

Oxford: Peter Lang, 188 pp.,

ISBN 978-3-63182-234-0, p/bk, £31.00

 

Journalism in Turkey: Practices, Challenges, Opportunities, Devrim İnce and Yurdagül Bezirgan Arar (eds) (2020)

Oxford: Peter Lang, 304 pp.,

ISBN 978-3-63182-886-1, p/bk, £51.00
Cinco Joias de Coimbra: Património Mundial da Humanidade
Authors: Monteiro João Gouveia , Pontes Maria Leonor Cruz
Published: January 2023

Esta obra revisita cinco peças chave da classificação de «Coimbra – Alta – Sofia» como Património Mundial da Humanidade: a Biblioteca Joanina, a Capela de São Miguel, o Órgão barroco da capela, o Jardim Botânico e o Museu Nacional de Machado de Castro. A viagem é guiada por especialistas de elevada craveira que, nos seus capítulos, não apenas resumem a informação histórica essencial sobre cada um dos lugares revisitados, como lhes acrescentam também, em vários casos, novidades importantes.
Antifungal activity of silver nanoparticles prepared using Aloe vera extract against Candida albicans
Authors: Arsène Mbarga Manga Joseph , Viktorovna Podoprigora Irina , Alla Marukhlenko , Mariya Morozova , Nikolaevitch Senyagin Alexander , Davares Anyutoulou Kitio Linda , Yurievna Mumrova Evgenia , Rehailia Manar , Gabin Ada Arsene , Alekseevna Kulikova A. , Vyacheslavovna Yashina Natalia , Vladimirovna Zhigunova Anna , Svetlana Orlova , Milana Das
Published: January 2023

Background and Aim: Resistance to antifungal agents is a serious public health concern that has not been investigated enough because most studies on antimicrobials are dedicated to antibacterial resistance. This study aimed to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Aloe vera extract, and to assess its antifungal activity against Candida albicans.

Materials and Methods: Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by reducing Ag nitrate with aqueous A. vera extracts. Physicochemical properties of synthesized AgNPs were determined by ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry, photon cross-correlation spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, X-ray diffraction analysis, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. An antifungal investigation was performed against four clinical C. albicans (C1, C2, C3, and C4) and a reference strain, C. albicans ATCC 10321.

Results: Cubic AgNPs with a mean X50 hydrodynamic diameter of 80.31 ± 10.03 nm were successfully synthesized. These AgNPs exhibited maximum absorbance at 429.83 nm, and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) confirmed the presence of Ag in AgNPs solution by a characteristic peak in the spectrum at the Ag Kα line of 22.105 keV. Infrared spectra for AgNPs and A. vera extract indicated that the compounds present in the extract play an essential role in the coating/capping of synthesized AgNPs. Different concentrations (200, 100, 50, 25, 10, and 5 μg/mL) of AgNPs were tested. The antifungal activity was shown to be dose-dependent with inhibition zones ranging from 10 mm to 22 mm against C. albicans ATCC 10231, 0 mm to 15 mm against C1, 0 mm to 16 mm against C2 and C3, and 0 mm to 14 mm for C4. Minimum inhibitory concentration ranged from 16 μg/mL to 32 μg/mL against clinical C. albicans (C1, C2, C3, and C4) and was 4 μg/mL against C. albicans ATCC 10231.

Conclusion: This study showed the ability of A. vera to serve as an efficient reducing agent for the biogenic synthesis of AgNPs with excellent antifungal activity.
Divided Minds and Divine Judgement:
Authors: Cawdron Harvey
Published: January 2023

In this paper, I shall argue that Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), a disorder in which seemingly independent identities (alters) arise within the same individual, can have considerable consequences in Christian theology. I shall focus on traditional Christian understandings of the afterlife. I shall begin by outlining DID, and shall argue that in some DID cases, alters appear to be different persons according to some definitions of personhood in Christian theology. I shall then illustrate the difficulty this raises for two influential ideas in the Christian tradition: the heaven and hell understanding of the afterlife, and the idea of the resurrection of the body. Finally, I shall consider some objections to the problem, and shall highlight which responses are the most plausible.
Evaluation of Teachers' Early Literacy Proficiency and In-Class Literacy Practices Based on Child Outputs
Authors: GENGEÇ Hilal , GÜLDENOĞLU Birkan , KARGIN Tevhide
Published: January 2023

This study primarily aims to evaluate preschool teachers' early literacy proficiency and in-class literacy practices based on child outputs. The study comprises 29 preschool teachers working in Gaziantep and 235 students continuing their education in these teachers' classes. The 'Teacher Interview Form' was used in the study to collect information regarding teachers' early literacy proficiency and in-class literacy practices, while the 'Early Literacy Test (EROT)' was used to assess children's early literacy skills. All of the teacher interviews and EROT applications were conducted individually in a designated room or classroom at their own school. The data obtained from the study were calculated and analyzed by the Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis H test. The findings revealed that there was no significant difference between the teacher's early literacy proficiency and the children's early literacy subtest scores, that there was a significant difference between the in-class literacy practices and children's receptive and expressive language vocabulary subtest scores, and there was no significant difference between the children's phonological awareness subtest scores and listening comprehension skills.
An Investigation of Marriage Attitude in terms of Perception of Gender, Ambivalent Sexism, and Some Variables
Authors: DOMBAK Kübra , ÇELİK Eyüp
Published: January 2023

The aim of the present study is to examine whether marital attitude is predicted by gender perception and ambivalent sexism. In addition, it was examined whether the marriage attitude differs according to some variables (gender, whether the parents live together, and whether victims of sexual abuse). The study group of the research consists of 377 individuals between the ages of 18-36. The research data were collected using the Inönü Marriage Attitude Scale, the Gender Perception Scale, and the Ambivalent Sexism Scale. As a result of the correlation analysis, it was concluded that the marriage attitude was positively and significantly associated with gender perception, hostile, and benevolent sexism. The regression analysis concluded that benevolent sexism statistically significantly predicted marriage attitude, but gender perception and hostile sexism did not significantly predict marriage attitude. As a result of the t-test, it was seen that the marital attitude differed significantly according to the variables of gender, whether the parents lived together and whether the victim of sexual abuse.
Examining the Relationship Between Maternal Employment Guilt and Internalized Sexism in Mothers with Preschool Children
Authors: BOZKUR Binaz , ÇIĞ Oğuzcan
Published: January 2023

Motherhood is an important part of gender inequality discussions and the basis of the unequal division of labor based on gender is mostly based on motherhood roles. It is stated that employed women have a high level of work-family conflict, perceive themselves to be far from being the "ideal" mother, and have higher levels of guilt. The internalization of sexist standards is thought to be effective in triggering and increasing feelings of guilt. In this context, this research sought to examine the sense of guilt felt by working mothers of pre-school children and the relationship of this feeling with internalized sexism and sociodemographic variables. 209 working mothers of pre-school children either in a part-time or full-time job participated in the study. Descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis were employed in the study. The results showed that the mother’s guilt was positively related to the sub-dimensions of internalized sexism. Specifically, internalized powerlessness/loss of self and self-objectification from sub-dimensions of internalized sexism significantly predicted the mother’s guilt. Additionally, weekly working hours and the number of children also predicted the mother’s guilt. These results are important in terms of revealing the risks caused by the internalization of sexist norms that put serious pressure on mothers. Efforts towards gender equality are of great importance in increasing the quality of life for mothers in the family life and workplace.
Does Instructional Leadership Make a Difference? Investigating the Relationship between Instructional Leadership and Teacher Autonomy
Authors: AY Cihat , BOZ Abdulvehap
Published: January 2023

The effect of principals’ instructional leadership style on the teaching profession has received much scrutiny. However, there is an apparent need for more studies in Turkey that address the relationships between instructional leadership and teacher autonomy. This quantitative study aimed to explore the association between principals’ instructional leadership and teacher autonomy. More importantly, the current study sought to determine the extent to which instructional leadership behaviors explain the variance in teacher autonomy. Two existing scales were conducted to collect data from 500 teachers. We conducted descriptive statistics analysis to measure the teachers’ perception of instructional leadership and teacher autonomy, the bivariate correlation was used to assess the relationship between the variables and finally we conducted a regression analysis to examine the extent to which instructional leadership explains variance in teacher autonomy. The result indicates a positive relationship between principals’ instructional leadership and teacher autonomy. More importantly, the result of regression analysis reveals that principals’ instructional leadership style is a predictor of teacher autonomy. The implications and limitations of this study, as well as recommendations for future researchers, are presented.
Concentration-compactness principle associated with Adams' inequality in Lorentz-Sobolev space
Authors: Li Dongliang , Zhu Maochun
Published: January 2023

The concentration-compactness principle of Lions type in Euclidean space relies on the Pólya-Szegö inequality, which is not available in non-Euclidean settings. The first proof of the concentration-compactness principle in non-Euclidean setting, such as the Heisenberg group, was given by Li et al. by using a symmetrization-free nonsmooth truncation argument. In this article, we study the concentration-compactness principle of second-order Adams’ inequality in Lorentz-Sobolev space

W

0

2

L

2
,
q

(

Ω

)

{W}_{0}^{2}{L}^{2,q}(\Omega )

for all

1
<
q
<
∞

1\lt q\lt \infty

. Due to the absence of the Pólya-Szegö inequality with respect to the second-order derivatives, we will use a symmetrization-free argument to study the concentration-compactness principle of second-order Adams’ inequality in Lorentz-Sobolev space. Furthermore, we show the sharpness of result by constructing a test function sequence. Our result is even new in the first-order case when

q
>
2

q\gt 2

.
Primary-concern solicitation in Chinese medical encounters
Authors: Yang Zi , Wang Xueming , Li Tianzhu
Published: January 2023

Drawing on conversation analysis, this study examines primary-concern solicitation in Mandarin-speaking medical encounters in China. Based on the observation of naturally occurring solicitation sequences, we identify the major question formats and problem-solicitation patterns in China’s mainland. It is found that Chinese medical openings feature both the dominance of generic solicitation in primary-concern solicitation and the recurrence of phase-skipping business-specific solicitation. Chinese primary-concern solicitation tends to be both more permissive and restrictive than its English counterpart, driven by the same concern of consultation efficiency. The study contributes to a cross-cultural comparison of the medical activity and enriches the understanding of culture and language’s influence on performing social actions in medical encounters.
Experimental investigation of single-lap bolted and bolted/bonded (hybrid) joints of polymeric plates
Authors: Dindar Berkant , Ağır İnan , Çallıoğlu Hasan
Published: January 2023

In this study, the joint strengths of single-lap bolted and bolted/bonded (hybrid) joints formed by using four different engineering plastics were experimentally investigated. High-density polyethylene (HDPE), ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, Delrin (POM), and Teflon were used as plate materials in single-lap connections. Standard M6 bolts were used in bolt connections. The specimens were prepared as single bolted, double bolted, single bolted/bonded, and double bolted/bonded in 20, 40, and 60 mm single-lap lengths. Weicon company’s RK-7100 two-component adhesive was used as the adhesive. Tensile tests were carried out with the displacement control of 2 mm/min. After the tensile tests, load–extension graphs were created for each connection type, and the strengths of the connections were compared with each other. Three parameters were used to evaluate the strength of the additional lap joints. These are effect of the bolt numbers, effect of the adhesive, and effect of single-lap length. Depending on the plate material, double-bolt connections performed 20–56% better than single-bolt connections. The adhesive had no effect on ultimate joint strength. As the overlap length increased, an increase was generally observed in the joint strength of the specimens. Depending on the overlap length increase from 20 to 60 mm, the strength of the single-bolt configurations of HDPE-B specimens was found to be approximately two times that of the best results. When polymeric plates are compared among themselves, double-bolted Delrin (POM) specimens exhibited the highest joint strength in all single-lap lengths.
Using a population-based Kalman estimator to model the COVID-19 epidemic in France: estimating associations between disease transmission and non-pharmaceutical interventions
Authors: Collin Annabelle , Hejblum Boris P. , Vignals Carole , Lehot Laurent , Thiébaut Rodolphe , Moireau Philippe , Prague Mélanie
Published: January 2023

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, governments have adopted a wide range of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI). These include stringent measures such as strict lockdowns, closing schools, bars and restaurants, curfews, and barrier gestures such as mask-wearing and social distancing. Deciphering the effectiveness of each NPI is critical to responding to future waves and outbreaks. To this end, we first develop a dynamic model of the French COVID-19 epidemics over a one-year period. We rely on a global extended Susceptible-Infectious-Recovered (SIR) mechanistic model of infection that includes a dynamic transmission rate over time. Multilevel data across French regions are integrated using random effects on the parameters of the mechanistic model, boosting statistical power by multiplying integrated observation series. We estimate the parameters using a new population-based statistical approach based on a Kalman filter, used for the first time in analysing real-world data. We then fit the estimated time-varying transmission rate using a regression model that depends on the NPIs while accounting for vaccination coverage, the occurrence of variants of concern (VoC), and seasonal weather conditions. We show that all NPIs considered have an independent significant association with transmission rates. In addition, we show a strong association between weather conditions that reduces transmission in summer, and we also estimate increased transmissibility of VoC.
A systematic review of videoconferencing in health professions education: the digital divide revisited in the COVID-19 era
Authors: De Gagne Jennie C. , Koppel Paula D. , Wang Emily J. , Rushton Sharron , Ledbetter Leila , Yamane Sandra S. , Lee Eunhee , Manturuk Kimberly , Jung Dukyoo
Published: January 2023

Objectives

During the COVID-19 pandemic, educators shifted from traditional lectures to videoconferencing. This systematic review explored the use of videoconferencing as a teaching tool in response to the pandemic as well as issues related to digital equity and inclusion.

Content

The review was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute for Systematic Reviews methodology and reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 statement.

A total of nine studies met eligibility criteria. The participants in the included studies were medical students from various parts of the world. Technical difficulties and lack of human interactions were identified as barriers to learning through videoconferencing.

Outlook

To achieve full success, pedagogical videoconferencing must prioritize digital equity and a universal design for learning. Although useful for maintaining education during the pandemic, in the future, videoconferencing will present challenges related to the digital divide as well as opportunities as a teaching tool for nurse educators globally.
The Onsager–Machlup theory of fluctuations and time-dependent generalized normal distribution
Authors: Serdyukov Sergey I.
Published: January 2023

Generalization of the variational formulation of the Onsager–Machlup thermodynamic theory of fluctuation is considered. Within the framework of variational theory, we introduce the time-dependent generalized normal distribution and Hamilton–Jacobi equation. The family of higher-order partial differential equations, which generalize classical Fokker–Planck equation, is considered. It is shown that proposed theory can be used for describing anomalous diffusion.
Canonical phonology and criterial conflicts: relating and resolving four dilemmas of phonological typology
Authors: Round Erich R.
Published: January 2023

Typologists strive to compare like with like, but four dilemmas make this challenging in phonology: (1) the non-uniqueness of phonological analysis; and the existence of (2) multiple levels of analysis; (3) multiple theories of phonology; and (4) analytical interdependencies between phonological phenomena. Here I argue that the four dilemmas can be coherently related, and then addressed together. I introduce the concept of criterial conflicts, derived from notions in canonical typology. Criterial conflicts arise in the presence of an unexpected pairing of properties that pulls an analysis in two directions. This contradictory pull and its resolution in different directions leads by various paths to the four dilemmas. Concrete strategies are then discussed for countering the common, underlying problem. I observe that criterial conflicts are well handled by factorial analysis (i.e., multiple normalization) and multivariate analysis, but not by simple normalization. Illustrative examples are taken from the canonical typology of segments.
Effect of diffusion bonding time on microstructure and mechanical properties of dissimilar Ti6Al4V titanium alloy and AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel joints
Authors: Negemiya Arun , Selvarajan Rajakumar , Sonar Tushar
Published: January 2023

The main objective of this investigation is to study the effect of diffusion bonding time on microstructure and mechanical properties of dissimilar Ti6Al4V titanium alloy and AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel joints. The dissimilar joints of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy and AISI 304 steel were developed using the different levels of bonding time (30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 min) in a vacuum chamber at a bonding temperature of 900 °C and compressive pressure of 14 MPa. The microstructure of joints was analyzed using optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The elemental analysis of joint interface was studied using the SEM energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The evolution of intermetallic compounds at the joint interface was analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The ram tensile tests and lap shear tests were performed to assess the bonding strength and lap shear strength of dissimilar joints. Results showed that the dissimilar joints of Ti6Al4V alloy–AISI 304 steel developed using the diffusion bonding time of 75 min showed higher lap shear strength of 151 MPa and bonding strength of 244 MPa due to the better coalescence of the joining surfaces and evolution of optimum width of diffusion region having minimum embrittlement effects.
Fracture characteristics of various concrete composites containing polypropylene fibers through five fracture mechanics methods
Authors: Hosseini Mehrab Alireza , Amirfakhrian Seyedmahdi , Esfahani M. Reza
Published: January 2023

This paper investigates and compares the experimental results of fracture characteristics in various polypropylene fiber-reinforced concretes (high strength concrete, lightweight concrete, and engineered cementitious composite) on 90 three-point bend (notched and un-notched) beams. Five widely used fracture mechanics testing methods, such as work of fracture method, stress-displacement curve method, size effect method, J integral method, and ASTM E399, were used to investigate the fracture behavior. Results have demonstrated that fracture energy and fracture toughness improved as the dosage of polypropylene fibers increased in concretes. However, this improvement was different in concretes owing to various results of fracture mechanics testing methods and different properties of each concrete. Aggregates played significant role in the performance of polypropylene fibers on the fracture behavior of concretes. Among testing methods, the ASTM E399 showed the lowest values for the fracture toughness of concretes. Both work of fracture and stress-displacement curve methods exhibited appropriate results for the fracture energy of polypropylene fiber-reinforced concrete composites. The accuracy of size effect method was acceptable for determining size-independent fracture parameters of plain high strength and lightweight concretes. Furthermore, the J integral method showed more relevant results for the fracture toughness of polypropylene fiber-reinforced engineered cementitious composite.
Deformation mechanism of AZ91 alloy during compression at different temperatures
Authors: Wang Dongxiao , Lin Baosen , Jing Yi , Zhu Qiangqiang , Li Jianping , Misra R. Devesh K.
Published: January 2023

In this study, two AZ91 samples were produced by compression at 200 °C and 350 °C, respectively. The microstructure of the samples and their effect on deformation were studied. The results show that the deformation mechanism is slipping, twinning and shear banding at low temperature due to the low compression temperature. The stacking fault energy of alloy can be increased by the increase of adiabatic temperature, the dislocations gather at the shear band, resulting in the increase of hardness, which is not conducive to deformation. At high temperature, there were a large number of fine second phases precipitated at the shear bands. This second phase provides nucleation site for recrystallization, and dislocation energy storage in the shear band provides energy for recrystallization, resulting in recrystallization nucleation and growth at the shear bands. Discontinuous dynamic recrystallization weakened texture intensity.
Fatigue performances of helicopter gears
Authors: Kalay Onur Can , Yuce Celalettin , Doğan Oğuz , Yılmaz Tufan Gürkan , Karpat Esin , Kopmaz Osman , Karpat Fatih
Published: January 2023

Gears are widely used machine elements to transmit power and motion in the industry. During the power transmission, the gears are subjected to cyclic loads. Thus the fatigue resistance of the gears should be deeply investigated. In particular, this issue is gaining much more importance in the space and aviation fields. In this study, the fatigue life of gears made of 9310-VIM-VAR steel used in the aviation field was determined experimentally, and the crack propagation paths obtained were numerically verified. To this end, the SAE J1619 standard single-tooth bending fatigue test apparatus was redesigned and manufactured in order to adapt it to the helicopter gears. Totally 28 single-tooth bending fatigue tests were carried out for various loading conditions. Accordingly, the S–N curves for the helicopter gears were created. The experimental results were verified by the finite element fatigue crack propagation analysis in terms of the initial crack location, crack initialization angle, and crack propagation paths. Conducted experiments and numerical studies are found as compatible with each other.
From 3D to 2D and back again
Authors: Dinc Niyazi Ulas , Saba Amirhossein , Madrid-Wolff Jorge , Gigli Carlo , Boniface Antoine , Moser Christophe , Psaltis Demetri
Published: January 2023

The prospect of massive parallelism of optics enabling fast and low energy cost operations is attracting interest for novel photonic circuits where 3-dimensional (3D) implementations have a high potential for scalability. Since the technology for data input–output channels is 2-dimensional (2D), there is an unavoidable need to take 2D-nD transformations into account. Similarly, the 3D-2D and its reverse transformations are also tackled in a variety of fields such as optical tomography, additive manufacturing, and 3D optical memories. Here, we review how these 3D-2D transformations are tackled using iterative techniques and neural networks. This high-level comparison across different, yet related fields could yield a useful perspective for 3D optical design.
Power monitoring in a feedforward photonic network using two output detectors
Authors: Pai Sunil , Valdez Carson , Park Taewon , Milanizadeh Maziyar , Morichetti Francesco , Melloni Andrea , Fan Shanhui , Solgaard Olav , Miller David A. B.
Published: January 2023

Programmable feedforward photonic meshes of Mach–Zehnder interferometers are computational optical circuits that have many classical and quantum computing applications including machine learning, sensing, and telecommunications. Such devices can form the basis of energy-efficient photonic neural networks, which solve complex tasks using photonics-accelerated matrix multiplication on a chip, and which may require calibration and training mechanisms. Such training can benefit from internal optical power monitoring and physical gradient measurement for optimizing controllable phase shifts to maximize some task merit function. Here, we design and experimentally verify a new architecture capable of power monitoring any waveguide segment in a feedforward photonic circuit. Our scheme is experimentally realized by modulating phase shifters in a 6 × 6 triangular mesh silicon photonic chip, which can non-invasively (i.e., without any internal “power taps”) resolve optical powers in a 3 × 3 triangular mesh based on response measurements in only two output detectors. We measure roughly 3% average error over 1000 trials in the presence of systematic manufacturing and environmental drift errors and verify scalability of our procedure to more modes via simulation.
Shear bond and compressive strength of clay stabilised with lime/cement jet grouting and deep mixing: A case of Norvik, Nynäshamn
Authors: Lindh Per , Lemenkova Polina
Published: January 2023

The strength of soil can significantly increase by stabilisation with binders. Adding binders in correct proportions to improve soil parameters is of paramount importance for earthworks. In this article, we presented a framework to explore strength characteristics of soil stabilised by several binders and evaluated using applied geophysical methods by estimated P-wave velocities. The core of our work is a systematic assessment of the effects on clay stabilisation from various binders on shear and compressive strength. The binders were combined from four stabilising agents: (i) CEM II/A, a Portland limestone cement; (ii) burnt lime; (iii) lime kiln dust (LKD) limited up to 50%; and (iv) cement kiln dust (CKD). Shear strength has shown a nonlinear dependence as an exponential curve with P-waves. Natural frequency analysis was modelled to simulate resonant frequencies as eigen values. Variations in strength proved that CEM II/A-M (Recipe A, 100% CEM II) has the best performance for weak soil stabilisation followed by the combinations: Recipe B (70% CEM II/A-M, 30% LKD), Recipe C with added 80% CEM II/A-M and 20% CKD, and Recipe D (70% CEM II/A-M 30% CKD). Recipe B has shown high values with maximum uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) at 13.8 MPa. The Recipe C was less effective with the highest value of UCS as 8.8 MPa. The least strength was shown in Recipe D, where UCS has maximal values of 3.7 MPa. The specimens stabilised by Recipe B demonstrated the highest P-wave velocity at 2,350 m/s, while Recipe C and Recipe D showed the highest P-wave velocity at 1,900 and 1,550 m/s. All specimens shown a gain of UCS with sharply increased P-wave speed during the 3 days of curing. The study contributes to the development of methods of soil testing in civil engineering.
Effect of polylactic acid on the micellization of SDS and CTAB: physicochemical studies on surfactants aggregation
Authors: Rehman Noor , Ul Haq Muhammad Irshad , Ullah Hidayat , Sadiq Muhammad , Abbas khan  , Mian Inam Ullah
Published: January 2023

This study reports the aggregation behavior of polylactic acid (PLA) with ionic surfactants e.g. sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) at different temperatures. Surface tension and conductivity techniques were used to investigate these physicochemical properties. Surface tension measurements were carried out to find out critical micelle concentration (CMC), free energy change of micellization (ΔG
m), free energy change of adsorption (ΔG
ads) and surface excess concentration (Γ). Conductivity measurements were used to determine CMC, degree of ionization (α) and degree of counter ion binding (β). The values of α and β obtained for SDS were (0.389 and 0.611 respectively), while for CTAB the values of α and β were (0.239 and 0.761 respectively). This type of electrostatic interactions is very important which can be applied in various industrial applications (e.g. pharmaceutical, industrial foaming, oil recovery etc.).
Mechanical Properties of Light-Transmitting Concrete and Its Durability Performance under the Effects of Accelerated Aging
Authors: Emanet Sinem , Arda Buyuktaskin Halet Almila
Published: January 2023

Although concrete has been used extensively as a structural material for buildings since ancient times, light-transmitting concrete (LTC), also referred to as translucent concrete, is an innovative and attractive building material for the construction industry to enhance aesthetic and energy-saving properties. This research paper aims to investigate the mechanical properties of LTC with different optical fiber arrangements with three optical fiber ratios, respectively, 1, 1.6, and 2.4 %. The durability performance of LTC under the effects of accelerated aging is also investigated. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) optical fibers with two arrangements were used in the concrete specimens. One of the LTC groups that had a linear optical fiber arrangement was labeled as ARlin. The other LTC group with bundle optical fiber arrangements was labeled as ARbun. The prepared concrete consisted of cement, fine aggregate, water, mineral additive, acrylic polymer, and superplasticizer. The flexural strengths of LTC with PMMA optical fibers placed longitudinally or laterally were determined. The compressive strengths of LTC specimens with different arrangements were compared. Accelerated aging effects under wetting-drying, freezing-thawing, and high temperature were applied to the ARlin group to investigate these effects on the mechanical properties of LTC. The results of the experiments indicate that the optical fiber arrangements affect the flexural strength, compressive strength, and light transmittance of LTC. The light transmittance increases with the optical fiber content. It is also seen that the flexural strengths and light transmittance of LTC specimens decrease significantly after the high-temperature effect. According to the test results, it is also concluded that LTC with 0.5-mm-diameter optical fibers in a linear arrangement can be used as a construction material under external conditions.
Neural Dynamics during Binocular Rivalry: Indications from Human Lateral Geniculate Nucleus
Authors: Yildirim Irem , Schneider Keith A.
Published: January 2023

When two sufficiently different stimuli are presented to each eye, perception alternates between them. This binocular rivalry is conceived as a competition for representation in the single stream of visual consciousness. The magnocellular (M) and parvocellular (P) pathways, originating in the retina, encode disparate information, but their potentially different contributions to binocular rivalry have not been determined. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure the human lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), where the M and P neurons are segregated into layers receiving input from a single eye. We had three participants (one male, two females) and used achromatic stimuli to avoid contributions from color opponent neurons that may have confounded previous studies. We observed activity in the eye-specific regions of LGN correlated with perception, with similar magnitudes during rivalry or physical stimuli alternations, also similar in the M and P regions. These results suggest that LGN activity reflects our perceptions during binocular rivalry and is not simply an artifact of color opponency. Further, perception appears to be a global phenomenon in the LGN, not just limited to a single information channel.
Amygdala Intercalated Cells: Gate Keepers and Conveyors of Internal State to the Circuits of Emotion
Authors: Asede Douglas , Doddapaneni Divyesh , Bolton M. McLean
Published: January 2023

Generating adaptive behavioral responses to emotionally salient stimuli requires evaluation of complex associations between multiple sensations, the surrounding context, and current internal state. Neural circuits within the amygdala parse this emotional information, undergo synaptic plasticity to reflect learned associations, and evoke appropriate responses through their projections to the brain regions orchestrating these behaviors. Information flow within the amygdala is regulated by the intercalated cells (ITCs), which are densely packed clusters of GABAergic neurons that encircle the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and provide contextually relevant feedforward inhibition of amygdala nuclei, including the central and BLA. Emerging studies have begun to delineate the unique contribution of each ITC cluster and establish ITCs as key loci of plasticity in emotional learning. In this review, we summarize the known connectivity and function of individual ITC clusters and explore how different neuromodulators conveying internal state act via ITC gates to shape emotionally motivated behavior. We propose that the behavioral state-dependent function of ITCs, their unique genetic profile, and rich expression of neuromodulator receptors make them potential therapeutic targets for disorders, such as anxiety, schizophrenia spectrum, and addiction.
Research target as a tool of marketing communications
Authors:   “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Shevluga Nastya , Zozul’ov Oleksandr ,   “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”
Published: January 2023

The aim of the article. The purpose of the article is the formation of a marketing research system taking into account the economic and technological features of this market. Taking into account the above, the following tasks were set and solved: determine the specifics of the video game release, taking into account the production and technical, consumer, economic features of this product; determine the necessary marketing research at each stage of game production and provide a systemic view. We consider the result of solving the tasks to be the construction of the author's scheme of application of analysis methods for each of the stages of the game's release. Analyses results. The first attempts to study the phenomenon of video games as a type of meaningful non-productive human activity were recorded in the early 1990s. Research approaches have undergone significant changes since then. Thus, the article discussed in detail three main approaches: narratological, processual and non-reductionist. The video game market has specific properties, so the authors analyzed the system of economic relations between counterparties. Understanding the way of interaction between such subjects made it possible to form an idea about the levels of interaction and the role of the company-developer in the chain of releasing a new product to the market. Monetization models of game products were also studied separately, as possible ways of financing projects. It was found that marketing research plays a significant role in increasing the efficiency of the use of available resources, in particular, determining the feasibility of investment contributions, adjusting the market and product strategy of the enterprise. Thanks to the analysis of the scientific literature, an own vision for marketing research of video games was formed. The result of the work was the author's scheme with the given methods of learning for each of the stages of production of a new game product for the market.Monitoring and analytics tools that are widely used, in particular at the post-production stage, are described. Conclusions and directions for further research. The release of a new game product is a valuable case both from the point of view of monetary resources and the labor of qualified personnel. The proposed scheme, which reflects the system of marketing research before and after the release of the game, allows you to create conditions and improve the conditions for bringing a new product to the market, covers all stages of the production process and allows you to monitor project success metrics. The goal of further research may be detailing the stages and improving methods of conducting research
Innovative approaches to the development and increase of the efficiency of marketing in social networks
Authors:   Poltava State Agrarian University, Tereshchenko Ivan , Danylenko Viktoriia ,   Poltava State Agrarian University, Maiboroda Olena ,   Poltava State Agrarian University, Borovyk Tatyana ,   Poltava State Agrarian University
Published: January 2023

The article considers the development novation trends of e-commerce and social media marketing, it analyzes the use of marketing tools, examines the implementation of novation trends in Internet marketing to promote the enterprise in social networks. Systematization of literature sources on the research topic showed that the use of Internet marketing tools to promote their products and services is very effective. These Internet marketing tools are considered: SEO-optimization; e-mailing; advertising on social networks; contextual advertising; video marketing; intuitive marketing; marketing 3.0; analytical marketing. The main trends that dominate in the field of Internet marketing and social media marketing are identified and analyzed. They are: dynamic activation of mobile marketing, active use of web analysis, advertising in video format, influence marketing, email marketing, content marketing, Instagram promotion, Facebook, chatbots and messengers, personalization of business pages.