bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of the Implementation of the Welfare State Concept on the Level of Poverty in Russia and Norway
Authors:   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Vereshchagin Ilya F. , Vakhrushev Artem V.
Published: June 2022

At present, the problem of poverty is urgent for both Russia and Norway. According to Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation, 12.1% of the Russian population was below the poverty line in the second quarter of 2021. According to the World Bank, the national poverty rate in Norway in 2018 was 12.7%. At the same time, both states position themselves as having overcome extreme poverty. Both states use the social-democratic type of the welfare state concept as the basis of social policy. The purpose of this study is to research the influence the welfare state concept application on the national level of poverty in Russia and Norway. The research methods are the analysis of official statistics of Russia, Norway and the World Bank, international reports, legislative acts and the analysis of media texts. The conclusions of this study highlight that the use of the welfare state concept in the Russian Federation and the Kingdom of Norway can positively affect the national level of poverty, but it contains a set of significant risks. The results show that further use of elements of the welfare state concept to combat poverty is possible in both countries, but taking into account the current realities, namely, the application of the principles of multidimensional evaluation, targeting in implementation and consideration of regional specificity in practical work with the phenomenon of poverty, and the involvement of other (besides the state) social institutions in this process. The conclusion of this paper formulates recommendations for state and municipal authorities of the Arctic subjects of the Russian Federation (mainly) and the Kingdom of Norway (to a lesser extent) to adjust the social practices used with regard to current trends and taking into account the identified risks.
Consistency and Adaptability: New Aspects of the Arctic Policy of Sweden
Authors:   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Marchenkov Maksim L.
Published: June 2022

The article is an analytical review of Sweden’s Arctic policy since the adoption of the country’s first Arctic strategy in 2011 until nowadays. The priorities of Sweden’s 2011 Arctic Strategy in the areas of environmental protection, economic cooperation and human life in the Arctic are analyzed. Sweden’s chairmanship programs at the Arctic Council for 2011–2013 and at the Barents Euro-Arctic Council for 2017–2019 are assessed for compliance with the national Arctic strategy priorities. The participation of Sweden in projects under the auspices of the Arctic Council in the 2010s and at present is presented. The content of the updated Sweden’s Arctic strategy of 2020 is analyzed. The updated strategy is compared with the strategy of 2011; the reasons for the enlargement of the thematic coverage of Sweden’s Arctic strategy of 2020 (additional priorities are international cooperation in the Arctic, security and stability in the region, and scientific cooperation) are explained. The reasons for Sweden’s emphasis on security issues in the Arctic are explained. It is concluded that Sweden’s Arctic policy from 2011 to the present is consistent and adaptable due to the changing climatic, economic, political and military situation in the Arctic region. The desire of Sweden to cooperate with the Nordic countries and NATO in the field of military cooperation in the Arctic is marked as a new tendency in Sweden’s Arctic policy. The new role of the European Union, Canada and Germany in the implementation of Swedish Arctic policy at the present stage is traced. Sweden’s Arctic strategy is also estimated in correspondence to the provisions of the Arctic Council Strategic Plan for 2021–2030.
Tourism Development in the Regions of the European North
Authors:   Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kondratyeva Svetlana V.
Published: June 2022

The European North of the Russian Federation is a unique northern (Arctic) tourist destination with ecologically vulnerable system, original traditions and culture of the locals, attracting Russian and in-ternational tourists. The aim of the work is to form a comprehensive view of the development of tourism in the European North of the Russian Federation based on identifying general trends and specifics of its development in the regional context. The model platform is six constituent regions of the European North of the Russian Federation (the Republics of Karelia and Komi, Arkhangelsk, Vologda and Murmansk oblasts, as well as the Nenets Autonomous Okrug). The research is based on investigation of seven main blocks: tourist and recreational potential and its promotion in the Internet; development of tourist infrastructure; strategies of the tourism development; dynamics of tourist flows (domestic and organized international); economic factor in the development of domestic tourism; regions in the National Tourism Rating; factors hindering tourism development. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the development of tourism in the European North is presented. The study is based on open statistical data from Rosstat, the official website of the National Tourism Rating for the period 20162020. The median indicators are calculated in the work. The results of the study allow us to form a general idea of the development of tourism in the Russian regions of the European North. The specific characteristics and general trends of the regional development of tourism in the regions are revealed.
Resilience in the Theory and Practice of Arctic Communities’ Adaptation to Environmental Challenges
Authors:   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Nenasheva Marina V.
Published: June 2022

The aim of this study is to describe the individual and collective characteristics of the rural population of the Russian Arctic, which determine their vital activity and are internal factors of adaptation to climate change. The scientific novelty of the study consists in describing the phenomenon of resilience on the example of island and coastal communities of the Primorskiy district of the Arkhangelsk Oblast, which are characterized by high natural and socio-economic instability. Based on the empirical data, it is shown that the territorial and socio-cultural integrity of the living space of local communities, the integrality of self-existence and self-consciousness of local residents, cooperative coexistence, as well as proactivity of life support create the foundation for the resilience of local communities and contribute to their social ad-aptation to the effects of climate change. Particular attention is paid to the issue of understanding the culture of mobility of northern communities in the face of increasing cases of adverse weather events due to climate change. Based on the results of an empirical study, an approach to adaptation to climate change based on the use of the knowledge potential of local communities is proposed. The results of the study can be used to develop the theory of the development of the North of Russia, as well as the development of specific measures for adaptation to climate change at the local level.
The Estimation of Remuneration Efficiency in Monopsony: Concerning the Arctic Fishing Industrial Cluster
Authors:   Luzin Institute for Economic Studies — Subdivision of the Federal Research Centre “Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Samarina Vera P. , Skufina Tatyana P.
Published: June 2022

At present, new financial mechanisms of interaction between employees and employers in the context of market relations are being formed and improved in Russia. The decisive factor in workers’ per-formance is their financial motivation and stimulation. The determinative of productivity of an enterprise activity is remuneration efficiency as a base of laborers’ financial motivation and stimulation. The remuneration is a flexible element of distributive relations and it is impossible to create an effective motivational mechanism without an establishment of its communication with final results. Such indices as salary distribution and salary intensity as basic indicators of wage efficiency assessment have been used in the paper. The object of the research is sixteen large and medium-sized fishing enterprises in the Arkhangelsk region as a part of the Arctic fishing cluster. These enterprises catch fish in the Barents and Norwegian seas, as well as in the North Atlantic. It has been shown that the financial results of fishing enterprises depend on external conditions — primarily on the quotas for fish catch and the price of fish products. In the research, the authors have proceeded from the following hypotheses: the Arctic fishing cluster’s enterprises operate in a monopsony on the labor market; there is a pattern between the size of wage fund and financial performance of the Arctic fishery cluster enterprises; the change in wage fund is an effective mechanism to improve the efficiency of the Arctic fishery cluster. In the course of the research, the following interrelated tasks have been solved: the identification of the features of the Arctic fishing cluster’s labor market; the assessment of the effectiveness of the wage fund use for the Arctic fishing cluster’s enterprises based on the author's methodology; the identification of the importance of the problem of insufficient efficiency of wage fund use in the Arctic fishing cluster.
Density of states in the presence of spin dependent scattering: numerical and analytical approach
Authors: Karabassov Tairzhan , Pashkovskaia Valeriia D , Parkhomenko Nikita A , Guravova Anastasia V , Kazakova Elena A , Golubov Alexander A , Vasenko Andrey S
Published: June 2022

We present the quantitative study of the density of states (DOS) in SF bilayers (where S - is a bulk superconductor and F - a ferromagnetic metal) in the diffusive limit. We solve the quasiclassical Usadel equations in the structure, considering the presence of magnetic and spin-orbit scattering. For practical reasons we propose the analytical solution for the density of states in SF bilayer in case of thin ferromagnet and low transparency of the SF interface. It is confirmed by numerical calculations, using a self-consistent two-step iterative method. The behavior of DOS dependencies on magnetic and spin-orbit scattering times is discussed.
Heterogeneous metallaphotoredox catalysis in a continuous-flow packed bed reactor
Authors: Hsu Wei-Hsin , Reischauer Susanne , Seeberger Peter H , Pieber Bartholomäus , Cambié Dario
Published: June 2022

Metallaphotoredox catalysis is a powerful and versatile synthetic platform that enables cross-couplings under mild conditions without the need for noble metals. Its growing adoption in drug discovery has translated into an increased interest in sustainable and scalable reaction conditions. Here, we report a continuous flow approach to metallaphotoredox catalysis using a heterogeneous catalyst that combines the function of a photo- and a nickel catalyst in a single material. The catalyst is embedded in a packed bed reactor to combine reaction and (catalyst) separation in one step. The use of a packed bed simplifies the translation of optimized batch reaction conditions to continuous flow, as the only components presents in the reaction mixture are the substrate and a base. Using the cross-coupling of sulfinates with aryl halides as a model system, a productivity of 4 mmol/h was achieved. The catalyst was shown to be stable, with a very low decrease of the yield (~1% per day) during a continuous experiment over seven days, and to be effective for C–O arylations when carboxylic acids are used as nucleophile instead of sulfinates.
Some Topical Issues of Legal Support for Land Restoration
Authors: Shulga Mykhaylo , Lisova Tetiana
Published: June 2022

Due to the rapid deterioration of the state of lands in Ukraine over the past decades, a significant part of the latter, regardless of their intended purpose, requires urgent measures to restore them. The relevance of such scientific research is primarily due to the lack of a complex and comprehensive analysis of the legal support of land restoration. In addition, without a thorough theoretical study of the problems of legal support for land restoration, it is impossible to make appropriate reasonable proposals to improve existing and develop new legislation in the study area. Research methods are a set of philosophical, general scientific and special legal methods. At the heart of methodological approaches to the study of legal issues of land restoration is the philosophical concept of biospherecentrism. The article provides a comprehensive study of current theoretical problems of legal support for land restoration. The definition of the concept of “restoration of landˮ as a legal category is formulated, its essence and features are clarified. Preliminary and main measures of land restoration are described. The place of legal norms regulating public relations in the field of land restoration in the system of land law has been established. Criteria of delimitation of protection and restoration of lands are proposed. The necessity of making changes to the current land legislation regarding fixing the obligations of owners and users of land plots to restore soil fertility, other useful properties and functions of land is substantiated. The proposal of legislative strengthening of legal liability in the studied sphere is made. The study aims to improve the legal provision of land restoration, which will ensure their preservation as a major national wealth
Harmonization of Ukrainian Legislation on Excise Taxation of Alcoholic Beverages With the Law of the European Union
Authors: Buromenskiy Mykhailo , Monaienko Anton , Atamanchuk Natalia
Published: June 2022

Excise tax is a source of filling the budget in Ukraine and an instrument of state regulation of production and circulation of excisable goods. However, tax evasion and the growth of the shadow economy have a negative impact on all spheres of public life. Therefore, the purpose of this publication is to identify ways to improve the legal regulation of excise taxation in Ukraine, identify problematic aspects, the impact of increasing excise tax rates on the production of excisable alcohol, shadowing of the sector of production and sale of excisable goods, and analysis of foreign experience. The article based on systematic analysis using dialectical, comparative law, statistical and other methods analyzes the state of legal regulation of excise taxation of alcoholic beverages and are discussed approaches to improving tax legislation in Ukraine. In particular, the need to bring the legal framework in line with European directives, simplify tax procedures for taxpayers, establish economically justified tax rates, strengthen control over the production and circulation of excisable alcohol, prevent tax evasion, and introduce positive foreign experience in this sphere. One of the priority areas of harmonisation of legislation is the application of a differentiated approach to the taxation of alcoholic beverages depending on their strength, and other qualitative and quantitative characteristics; investing part of the budget revenues from the excise tax on alcoholic beverages in programmes aimed at preventing and stopping alcoholism; use of electronic control systems for the movement of alcoholic beverages from producer to consumer
Legal Argumentation: Some General Theoretical Aspects
Authors: Rabinovych Petro , Dudash Tamara
Published: June 2022

The relevance of the study is explained by the fact that the legal arguments used by judges in particular when making decisions are often criticised. The general theoretical understanding of legal argumentation, which is the purpose of this study, can help to solve the urgent problem of improving legal argumentation. The article substantiates the general theoretical model of legal argumentation, which is carried out in different types of legal activities – lawmaking, interpretation, law enforcement. For this purpose, such research methods as general theoretical, modelling, deduction, analysis and abstraction were used. It is proposed to distinguish between terminological legal argumentation as an activity and legal argumentation as a result of this activity, and the result of activities to reconstruct the legal argumentation of another entity, and provide a definition of each of these concepts. It is established that the general theoretical model of legal argumentation covers composition (corpus) of legal argumentation, tools of legal argumentation, reconstruction and evaluation of legal argumentation. It is identified that in the composition (corpus) of legal argumentation it is reasonable to include: argumentative situation; subjective composition; the purpose of the right argument; object of legal argumentation; the content of legal argumentation. The substantive and procedural aspects of the tools of legal argumentation are singled out. The practical value of the article is that the general theoretical model of legal argumentation creates grounds for improving argumentative practice in various types of legal activity
Agreement on the Reation and Custom Use of the Object of intellectual property rights
Authors: Kokhanovska Olena , Bazhanov Valentyn
Published: June 2022

In the conditions of increasing attention of modern society and each of its members to creativity, manifestation of their personality, opportunities to disseminate creative activities through information networks, technical innovations, increasing importance and popularity are gaining agreements on intellectual property rights of this study. The purpose of the article is to determine the characteristics of the contract for the creation and use of intellectual property rights and disclose the content of new approaches in the legislative regulation of relations between customers and creators of intellectual property rights under contracts on the creation by order and use of the object of intellectual property rights. In the course of the research, to achieve this goal, the following methods were used, in particular: formal-logical, system-structural, empirical analysis, dogmatic and a number of others. This article analyses the concepts and features of the agreement on the creation by order and use of the object of intellectual property rights, identifies the essential terms of this agreement, its content, outlines the specific features of the parties to the transaction. The authors classify the agreements on the disposal of intellectual property rights and determine the place of the agreement on the creation by order and use of the object of intellectual property rights among these agreements. Current case law on contracts for the creation and custom of the object of intellectual property rights is studied. Current changes in the legislation of Ukraine, which regulates the distribution of rights between the customer and the creator, including based on the agreement on the creation of the order and use of the object of intellectual property rights. A comparative analysis is carried out with the previous version of certain norms of the legislation of Ukraine. Own conclusions on changes in the legislation of Ukraine on the ownership of intellectual property rights to objects created by order and further development of agreements on such objects in the field of intellectual property relations
Legal Status of The Union Republics During the Perestroika (1985-1991)
Authors: Honcharenko Volodymyr , Shyhal Denys , Omarova Aisel
Published: June 2022

The relevance of the topic of the article is determined by the very specific features of coexistence and interaction of central and local authorities, which is expressed in the objective need to find in each case effective mechanisms for balancing and reconciling their interests. The purpose of the article is to study the complex and contradictory processes of the rebuilding period in the USSR, related to the implementation of administrative reform by M.S. Horbachov, in particular, such an important component as the separation of powers between the union and republican bodies of state power and administration. With the use of formal-legal, logical-legal and historical-genetic methods, thorough conclusions are made about the reasons for the failure of M.S. Horbachov in the separation of powers between the center and the seats. Based on the application of the comparative historical and legal method, the peculiarities of administrative reform in some Soviet republics are singled out. The activities of the ruling elite of the USSR aimed at transforming the state mechanism through the redistribution of powers between the union and republican authorities are gradually analysed with the involvement of normative and legal material. The concrete steps of the union republics to declare their sovereignty in the conditions of deteriorating domestic political situation in the USSR are considered. The process of preparation for the adoption by the Soviet republics of the new Union Treaty as a way of overcoming the crisis that engulfed the USSR at the end of the perestroika M.S. Horbachov. The practical value of scientific work is manifested in the following provisions: decentralisation processes through the redistribution of powers between central and local authorities should be comprehensive, well-planned and conducted based on scientifically developed models; professionalism and general competence of elites become a critical factor in the context of large-scale managerial reforms; the category of time is the most important resource during the state and legal transformations in the conditions of intensive technological development
General Legal Type of Legal Regulation and Practice of the Supreme Court in Ukraine: Features of Objectification
Authors: Yaroshenko Oleg , Synchuk Svitlana , Radanovych Nataliia
Published: June 2022

The article presents possible forms of realisation of human freedom in its relations with the state, in particular, through legal regulation of the general permit type. The purpose of the article is to study this type of regulation based on the case law of the Supreme Court in Ukraine, as one of the most effective bodies in ensuring proper balance of interests of the individual and the state, which forms the methodological basis of human rights protection mechanism. The methodological approaches used are anthroposocial – to establish the essential basis of general regulatory regulation, which is associated with self-expression of the individual within the existing legal order, and axiological – to ensure the value nature of law. The general permissive basis of interaction between a person and the state has been identified, which is conditioned by the legislative consolidation of their relations under the scheme “everything that is not prohibited by law is allowed”. This general permitting basis was analysed on the basis of acts of the Supreme Court, which allowed to identify direct and indirect objectification of general permits as the basis of the studied type of regulation. It is proposed to link direct objectification with the fixation in the decisions of the Supreme Court of the full permit structure (“everything is possible except”) or its elements – the main limiters of the general permit (legal prohibitions and legal obligations). It is established that the function of the objectifier of general permission is performed by special legal permits, which are addressed to individuals and are reflected in the concepts of “subjective right” and “legitimate interest”. Indirect objectification is stated through special permits, which are reflected in the construction “allowed directly provided by law.” In this aspect, the issue of state discretion was further developed
Models of Public Management of Gambling Business in the World
Authors: Stefanchuk Ruslan , Hetmantsev Danylo , Toporetska Zoriana
Published: June 2022

The urgency of researching the issue of models of public gambling management in the world is explained by the need to study foreign experience to improve the legal regulation and tools of public management of the gambling market in Ukraine. The authors used philosophical, general scientific and special scientific methods of cognition. The authors highlight the following models of public administration: ban on gambling; permission to conduct gambling without restrictions, but the establishment of certain qualification, organisational, financial and other requirements; establishment of a state monopoly on the organization and conduct of gambling, which manifests itself in various forms. To develop proposals for improving public management of the gambling market in Ukraine, the authors identify the advantages of each of the selected models of public management of the gambling market used in different countries, including the United States, India, Denmark, Slovenia, France, Austria, Greece, Norway, Germany, Poland, Switzerland, Hungary. It is stated that the establishment of an absolute (total) ban on the organisation and conduct of gambling does not solve the problem of uncontrolled gambling and gambling addiction in society. The authors conclude that the introduction of the so-called third model of public administration in Ukraine, in which the state, acting on behalf of society and in the public interest, enters into a so-called social contract with gambling organisers, according to which socially harmful effects of gambling will be compensated financing of socially useful goals (good deeds)
Hydropower plant simultaneous biding in electricity market and ancillary services markets
Authors: Krajcar Slavko , Ilak Perica , Rajšl Ivan
Published: June 2022

In a traditional environment, hydropower plant owners seek for minimum cost while in today deregulated environment goal function is profit maximization. Besides electricity only market, power producers can offer their services also in ancillary services markets. By doing so, it is possible to increase expected profit. This paper focuses on simultaneous hydropower plant biding in electricity and ancillary services markets, and purpose is to examine and verify effects of the proposed method on expected profit of hydropower plan owner. A mathematical model based on mixed integer programming approach is used. Head effect is also take into account with price-wise linear performance curves. Prices from real electricity markets and ancillary markets are used, and real hydropower system Lokve-Bayer in Croatia, with focus on hydropower plant Vinodol, is modelled. Obtained results show that there is a notable improvement in expected profit of hydropower plant if presented market bidding approach is used. It is also shown that hydropower plant Vinodol is capable for simultaneous bidding in different power markets.
Decay heat calculation for spent fuel pool application
Authors: Grgić Davor , Šadek Siniša , Benčik Vesna
Published: June 2022

The automatic procedure was developed for fuel assembly decay heat calculation based on PARCS 3D burnup calculation for fuel cycle depletion, and ORIGEN 2.1 calculation during both depletion and fuel cooling. Using appropriate pre-processor and post-processor codes it is possible to calculate fuel assembly decay heat loads for all fuel assemblies discharged from reactor. Simple graphical application is then used to distribute fuel assemblies within fuel pool and to calculate any fuel assembly, SFP rack, or whole pool heat load at arbitrary time. The application can be used for overview of fuel assembly burnups, cooling times or decay heats. Based on given date it is possible to calculate whole pool heat load and time to boiling or time to assembly uncover using simple mass and energy balances. Calculated heat loads can be input to more detailed thermal-hydraulics calculations of spent fuel pool. The demonstration calculation was performed for NPP Krsko spent fuel pool.
Minimum viable product: A robot solution to EOD operations
Authors: Bećirspahić Hamza , Basarić Haris , Namas Tarik , Durakovic Benjamin
Published: June 2022

This paper presents the design and the development of an EOD robot, with MVP characteristics. The design is based on a solid base structure with an arm manipulator attached to the base. The overall dimensions of the robot are 590x860x340 mm and it weighs 55kg. The robot is capable of towing heavy objects as well as lifting sensitive objects. The robot has a maximum horizontal reach of 1400 mm and a vertical reach of 1200 mm. The robot is tested according to guidelines developed in the U.S.A., as much as the conditions allowed. Briefly, the results can be summarized as follows: the setup time for the robot is 10 minutes, it can reach speeds up to 8 km/h, it has a towing capacity of 40kg and the maximum communication reach is 20 meters. Among successful tests, the weaknesses were also found which act as a guide for future designs and developments. These weaknesses are what MVP concepts are actually developed for.
Alginate Substitute as a Promising Impression Material for Dental Implant Restorations: A Comparative In-vitro Study
Authors: Sayed Mohammed
Published: June 2022

Objective: To compare the accuracy of alginate substitute with polyvinyl siloxane (PVS) impression materials for both single and multiple implant restorations using open- and closed-tray techniques placed unilaterally in a partially edentulous maxillary Typodont model. Methods: Two maxillary typodont hard models, two impression materials and two impression techniques were used in this study. A total of 80 impressions were made for both models simulating clinical scenario for single and multiple implant restorations, 10 impressions for each subgroup. Accuracy was assessed by measuring three dimensions (Anteroposterior, cross arch and vertical) on stone models obtained from impressions of the typodont models. Each dimension was measured three times and the mean value was calculated. The data were analyzed using independent samples t-test and Mann- Whitney U Test. Results: In group 1 (single implant), significant differences were found only in the vertical dimension between alginate substitute and monophase PVS impression materials when using an open-tray technique (mean diff.= 0.17; P= 0.003), and between closed- and open-tray techniques when using alginate substitute impression material (mean diff.= -0.24; P= 0.008). In group 2 (multiple implants), significant differences were found only in the horizontal cross-arch and vertical dimensions between open and closed-tray techniques when using alginate substitute impression material (P= 0.049 and P≤ 0.01, respectively). Conclusion: The results obtained showed that the stone dies fabricated using monophase PVS and alginate substitute impression materials were comparable to those of the typodont models. Overall discrepancies of the monophase PVS were smaller than those of the alginate substitute but not statistically significant.
INVESTIGATION ON THE STABILITY AND DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF SOIL FOUNDATION UNDER HEAVY HAUL RAILWAY TRACKS
Authors:   PG SCHOLOR, Department of CIVIL ENGINEERING, GIET UNIVERSITY, GUNUPUR, INDIA, SAHOO PARTASARATHI , SAIKRISHNAMACHARYULU IPPILI ,   ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, Department of CIVIL ENGINEERING, GIET UNIVERSITY, GUNUPUR, INDIA
Published: June 2022

The roadbed is the most deformable and most heterogeneous segment of the railroad track foundation, which states the principal factor deciding the efficiency of the street, and the primary factor behind deterioration of path and its components, leading to the rise in the expense of current maintenance. Notwithstanding the expanding dynamic effect of trains on the railroad framework resulting from heavy haul transportation system, this issue turns out to be especially significant. In this paper, an examination is made of the issue of degradation and giving the strength to the track foundation with an increased axial load on the track, with a strict attention on examination of the excitation mechanisms of cyclic effects and the procedure of their damping by the soil environment. The principal kinds of deformations and defects are portrayed; the mechanisms and explanations behind their occurrence are studied in this paper. Much consideration is paid to the investigation of soil degradation procedures of the roadbed under the dynamic effect of heavy trains. Different components of the roadbed are taken into account, which require support for operation under substantial heavy traffic and huge axial loads. The advanced strategies and structures of strengthening the roadbed are portrayed, the utilization of which permits to build the proficiency of the heavy haul transportation. Taking everything into account, extensive research is carried out to address the issue of ensuring the stability of the roadbed in the association of heavy haul traffic.
Causes of Work Accidents Experienced by Healthcare Workers: A Retrospective Five-Year Study
Authors: TOKTAŞ İzzettin , ÇAVUŞ Erdal
Published: June 2022

Occupational accidents are health and safety issues specific to working life. The person, place and time characteristics of work accidents can be examined. Examination of these points will be beneficial in preventing accidents. The aim of this study is to investigate the causes of occupational accidents the healthcare workers in a children’s hospital are exposed to. In this descriptive study, healthcare workers who experienced occupational accidents in a children’s hospital, were included. Occupational accident forms of the Hospital Occupational Health and Safety Unit between 2015 and 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. A total of 100 occupational accidents were reported in the last five years. The mean age of the employees who were exposed to occupational accidents was 32.6±8.5 years. 63% of the employees were women. The mean years of employment of the employees was 8.7±7.3 years. In terms of profession, 70% of the employees were nurses and 19% were cleaning staff. 45% of the occupational accidents occurred in intensive care units and 26% in pediatric clinics. 60% of the accidents occurred in the morning hours. 72% of occupational accidents were needlestick injuries, 9% were falling or bumping, 8% were exposure to blood and other infectious fluids. Most of the NSIs in nurses occurred while applying treatment, drawing blood, establishing vascular access and due to patient movement, respectively. In conclusion, the most common occupational accidents in hospitals are needlestick injuries. Among the employees, those who are exposed to work-related injuries most frequently are nurses and cleaning staff.
Psychosocial Dimension of Healthcare Professionals Vaccine Resistance: A Qualitative Study the Case of Turkey
Authors: ULUTAŞDEMİR Nilgün , UZUN Sevda , KULAKAÇ Nurşen
Published: June 2022

The purpose of the present study was to examine the reasons for the vaccine resistance of healthcare employees, which may affect public health adversely during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to contribute to the solutions which can be developed. The phenomenological research design, which is a qualitative research design, was used in the study. This qualitative study was conducted with 35 healthcare professionals. Interviews were conducted with the WhatsApp. The data were analyzed by using Colaizzi’s Phenomenological Analysis Method. Two categories, five main themes, and eighteen sub-themes were created in the analysis of the data. There was the theme of psychological effects, physical effects, and social effects in the impact of COVID-19 on the healthcare employee category. There were the themes of lack of trust and risk in the category of reasons for not vaccinating healthcare employees. It was found in the present study that healthcare employees were adversely affected psychologically, physically, and socially during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 26 healthcare Employees declared that they did not trust the vaccine and did not have it because of the risks, and 9 healthcare employees declared that they had the vaccine because they trusted it. Although the healthcare professionals working in the Southeastern Anatolia and Eastern Anatolia Regions had vaccine rejection in Turkey, healthcare professionals working in the Aegean Region and the Mediterranean Region were those who had the least vaccine rejection.
Primer Beyin Tümörü Nedeniyle Ameliyat Olan Hastaların Ağrı Yönetiminde Müziğin Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi: Randomize Kontrollü Çalışma
Authors: ÖZÇAKIR Ayşe Nur , AYHAN Hatice
Published: June 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, primer beyin tümörü nedeniyle kraniyal cerrahi geçiren hastaların ağrı yönetiminde müziğin etkisinin incelenmesidir. Bu araştırma randomize kontrollü bir çalışmadır. Araştırmanın örneklemini, Mart-Kasım 2019 tarihleri arasında müzik grubunda 26, kontrol grubunda 26 olmak üzere toplamda 52 katılımcı oluşturdu. Tüm katılımcılara kliniğin rutin analjezik protokolü birinci ve ikinci müdahale kapsamında uygulandı. Birinci müdahalede, parasetamol infüzyonuna ek olarak müzik grubundaki katılımcılara 30 dakika Mp3 çalar ile istedikleri türde müzik dinletildi. Kontrol grubundaki katılımcılar ise aynı analjezik tedaviyi takiben 30 dinlenme periyoduna alındı. Üç saat sonraki ikinci müdahalede, nonsteroid anti-inflamatuar ilaç infüzyonuna ek olarak müzik grubuna aynı şekilde müzik dinletildi. Kontrol grubu da analjezik tedavi sonrası dinlenme periyoduna alındı. Müdahaleler öncesi ve sonrası hemodinamik parametreler, ağrı puanları, durumluk anksiyete puanları ve lüzumu halinde analjezik gereksinimleri kaydedildi. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve test istatistikleri kullanıldı. Anksiyete puanlarının her iki müdahale sonrasında, ağrı puanlarının ise ikinci müdahale sonrasında müzik grubunda daha çok azaldığı saptandı (p
Aşil Tendon Yaralanmaları ve Erken Dönem Fonksiyonel Rehabilitasyon Uygulamaları
Authors: CEYLAN Ali , DEMİRDEL Ertuğrul
Published: June 2022

Aşil, vücudumuzun en güçlü ve büyük kuvvetlere karşı koyabilen tendonudur. Günlük yaşam ve spor aktiviteleri sırasında görülen aşil tendon yaralanmaları, tendonun yapışma noktası olan kalkeneusun 2-6 cm proksimalindeki nispeten avasküler bölgesinde gerçekleşmektedir.

Yaralanmada cerrahi veya konservatif tedavi tercihleri hastanın yaşı, yırtığın tipi ve lokalizasyonu, hastanın mesleği, kronik hastalık gibi durumlardan etkilenmektedir. Özellikle uzun süreli atel veya alçı ile gerçekleştirilen immobilizasyonun cerrahi sonrası tercih edilmemesi ve uzun bacak alçılamasından kaçınılması gerekmektedir. İmmobilizasyonun kaslarda atrofi, adhezyon, eklem sertliği, tendonda kısalıklara neden olması fonksiyonel rehabilitasyona olan ilgiyi artırmıştır. Erken fonksiyonel rehabilitasyon cerrahi olsun veya olmasın erken dönemde ağırlık aktarma, kontrollü eklem hareket açıklığı ve her ikisinin kombinasyonu egzersizlerle dinamik bir rehabilitasyonu ve mobilizasyon sürecini içermektedir. İmmobilizasyon uygulamalarının aksine erken dönemde verilecek mobilizasyon eğitimleri (ayak bileği egzersizler, erken ağırlık taşıma aktiviteleri vb) hızlı bir fonksiyonel iyileşme sağlamakta, işe dönüşü, yaşam kalitesini ve hasta memnuniyetini olumlu etkilemektedir.

Doğru planlanıp yapılandırılan rehabilitasyon programlarının sağlığın korunması ve devam ettirilmesi ile hastalıkların önlenmesinde önem arz etmektedir. Hastanın ihtiyaçları doğrultusunda klinik becerilerini ortaya koyan ve literatürü yakından takip eden fizyoterapistlerin gözetiminde multidisipliner yaklaşımlarla gerçekleştirilecek erken dönem fonksiyonel rehabilitasyon uygulamalarının hastanın yaşam kalitesi ve aktivitelere dönüşünde oldukça önemlidir.
Annelerin Akılcı İlaç Kullanımına Yönelik Tutumları ve Reçetesiz İlaç Kullanım Durumlarının İncelenmesi
Authors: YILMAZ KURT Fatma , KAHRİMAN İlknur , ATAY Selma , ALDEMİR Fatma
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışma 0-12 yaş aralığında çocuğu olan annelerin reçetesiz ilaç kullanma durumlarını ve akılcı ilaç kullanımına yönelik tutumlarını belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Çalışmanın evrenini, Türkiye’nin batısında yer alan bir Üniversite Hastanesinin Çocuk polikliniğine herhangi bir nedenle başvuran 0-12 yaş çocukların anneleri oluşturdu. Araştırma 375 anne ile yürütüldü. Veriler “Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu” ve “Akılcı İlaç Kullanımına Yönelik Ebeveyn Tutum Ölçeği (AİKYETÖ)” ile toplandı. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde Mann-Whitney U ve Kruskal Wallis testi kullanıldı. Araştırmaya katılan annelerin yaş ortalaması 33,14±6,10 olarak hesaplandı. Annelerin %43,5 (n=163)’i üniversite mezunudur. Annelerin % 43,5’inin (n=163) son 6 ay içinde çocuklarında reçetesiz ilaç kullandıkları, bu ilaçların en çok antipiretik ve analjezik türünde olduğu ve bu ilaçların çoğunun önceki hekimden, eczacıdan ve tanıdıklardan temin edildiği saptandı. Annelerin AİKYETÖ puan ortalamasının 184,74±10,29; doğru ve bilinçli ilaç kullanımı 140,37±7,35; etkili ve güvenli ilaç kullanım alt boyutu puan ortalaması ise 44,36±5,75 olarak bulundu. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar annelerin, reçetesiz ilaç kullanma oranlarının yüksek; reçetesiz ilaç kullanım oranının aksine akılcı ilaç kullanımı konusunda tutumlarının oldukça yüksek olduğu görüldü.
Sağlık Çalışanlarında Psikolojik Performans Algısının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: AYDINTUG Nursel , BEK YAĞMUR Özlem
Published: June 2022

Performans kavramı çeşitli disiplinlerde farklı yönlerde ele alınmakla birlikte, son dönemlerde psikoloji alanında önem kazanması, pozitif psikolojinin iş gören performansına olan etkisi kapsamındaki çalışmaları ön plana çıkarmaktadır. Bu kapsamda emek yoğun sağlık hizmetleri alanında çalışan sağlık profesyonellerinin iş performansının psikolojik performans açısından değerlendirilmesi gerektiği düşünülmektedir. Amaç: Bu çalışma sağlık çalışanlarında psikolojik performans algısı düzeylerinin belirlenmesi ve sosyo-demografik özellikler ile psikolojik performans arasında anlamlı olarak nitelendirilebilecek bir fark olup olmadığını ortaya koymak amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Materyal-Metot: Çalışmaya 178 sağlık çalışanı araştırma tarihleri içerisinde katkı sağlamıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında “Psikolojik Performans Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde SPSS 21 programı tercih edilmiştir. Bulgular: Sağlık çalışanlarının medeni durum, toplam mesleki yıl, bulundukları kurumdaki çalışma süresi ve mesleki unvan ile psikolojik performans arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olduğu, katılımcıların cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim durumu ve ekonomik durumlarıyla psikolojik performans arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olmadığı görülmüştür. Sonuç: Sağlık çalışanlarının psikolojik performans algılarının orta düzey üzerinde olumlu olduğu belirlenmiştir. Toplam mesleki yıl değişkeni ile psikolojik performans, pozitif enerji ve zihinsel durum arasında anlamlı bir fark olduğu, bulundukları kurumda çalışma süresi değişkeni ile de psikolojik performans, zihinsel durum, pozitif enerji ve kendini kontrol etme arasında anlamlı farklılıklar olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Sağlık çalışanlarının psikolojik performans algılarını yükseltmeye yönelik faaliyetlerin ve uygulamaların yapılması önerilmektedir.
Ebeveynlerin Yeme Davranışları, Çocuk Besleme Tarzları ve İlişkili Faktörler
Authors: Ulusoy Hasibe , Demir Gülperi
Published: June 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, ebeveynlerin yeme davranışlarını ve çocuklarını besleme tarzlarının incelenmesi ve ilişkili faktörlerin belirlenmesidir. Araştırma, Aralık 2019-Şubat 2020 tarihleri arasında, Konya'da yaşayan, 274 ebeveyn ve 3-6 yaş arasındaki çocukları üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Ebeveynlerin yeme davranışları, Revize Edilmiş Üç Faktörlü Yeme Ölçeği-21 ile; çocuklarını besleme tarzları ise Ebeveyn Besleme Tarzı Anketi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Veriler, SPSS 20.0 paket programıyla analiz edilmiştir.
Araştırmanın sonucuna göre, annelerin bilişsel kısıtlama yeme davranışı puanları babalara kıyasla daha yüksektir. Üniversite/lisansüstü mezunu ebeveynlerin kontrolsüz yeme ve duygusal yeme puanları daha yüksektir. Ebeveynlerin beden kütle indeksleri arttıkça kontrolsüz yeme ve duygusal yeme puanları artmaktadır. Ebeveynlerin öğrenim düzeyleri arttıkça, çocuklarını duygusal besleme, yardımcı beslenme, toleranslı kontrollü besleme ölçek puanları azalmakta, cesaretlendirici besleme puanları artmaktadır. Tek çocuğu olan ebeveynlerin kontrollü besleme puanları daha yüksektir.
Ebeveynlerin kontrolsüz yeme davranışı ile; toleranslı kontrollü besleme puanları arasında negatif yönde ve düşük düzeyde, duygusal besleme ve yardımcı besleme puanları arasında pozitif yönde ve düşük düzeyde korelasyon saptanmıştır. Ebeveynlerin duygusal yeme davranışları ile; duygusal besleme puanları arasında pozitif yönde ve düşük düzeyde korelasyon saptanmıştır.
Çalışmanın sonucunda, ebeveynlerin yeme davranışları ile çocuklarını besleme tarzlarının ilişkili olduğu ve ebeveynlerin davranışlarının sosyo demografik özelliklere göre değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Konuya ilişkin, geniş örneklemli ve ölçüme dayalı daha fazla çalışma yapılmasının yararlı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Ebeveynlerin çocuklarını beslerken, en fazla cesaretlendirici besleme, en az yardımcı besleme davranışları gösterdikleri saptanmıştır. Ebeveynlerin yaşı arttıkça ölçek puanları azalmaktadır (p>0,05). Öğrenim düzeyleri arttıkça, duygusal besleme, yardımcı beslenme, toleranslı kontrollü besleme puanları azalmakta, cesaretlendirici besleme (p0,05). Çocukların cinsiyeti, BKİ’leri ile ebeveynlerin besleme tarzı arasında anlamlı bir ilişki yoktur(p>0,05). Tek çocuğu olan ebeveynlerin kontrollü besleme puanları daha yüksektir (p
PENDAMPINGAN BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SEKOLAH DASAR BERBASIS PENDEKATAN PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA REALISTIK DI KELURAHAN TODABELU
Authors: Bela Maria Editha , Bhoke Wilibaldus , Bara Florintina Elvin , Rawa Natalia Rosalina , Wangge Maria Carmelita Tali , Wewe Melkior , Bili Bernadus Agustinus Dhaga Wewu , Sare Beatriks , Dhajo Kristiyanti Kurnia
Published: June 2022

Tutoring activities for students at various levels of education is one of the mandatory programs in the 2021 STKIP Citra Bakti Real Work Program. This activity was carried out at SDN Koeloda Inpres, located in Todabelu, Golewa. Through Real Work Program, students are expected to gain experience in social life and apply their academic knowledge. One of the community service programs organized by the STKIP Citra Bakti College through Real Work Program in 2021 academic year is the tutoring program. Students of Mathematics Education Study Program carried out tutoring programs in elementary schools based on the Realistic Mathematics Education approach during the pandemic, in order to increase students' motivation and interest in learning. The general assumption so far that tutoring is considered to reduce students' playing time was proven otherwise. Tutoring activities actually provided value for children's learning processes, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic where students did not get maximum education materials from teachers, because they have to study online. Realistic mathematics education is an approach that places students' reality and experience as the starting point of learning where students are given the opportunity to construct their own mathematical knowledge through real problems that exist. That is, this learning places the subject matter in a meaningful context. To improve students' understanding, learning mentoring activities were based on the Realistic Mathematics Education approach. Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) was used to increase students' interest in learning and refers to students being able to understand and improve students' independent learning alternatives.