bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SPOR BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİNDE UYGULAMA EĞİTİMİN BİYOKİMYASAL VE HEMATOLOJİK PARAMETRELERE ETKİSİ
Authors: SARIAKÇALI Barış , DUMAN Gülhan , CEYLAN Levent , POLAT Metin , HAZAR Serkan , ELİÖZ Murat
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı; spor bilimleri fakültesi öğrencilerinde 4 hafta yüz yüze uygulama eğitiminin biyokimyasal ve hematolojik parametrelere etkisini incelemektir. Bu çalışmada 2020-2021 öğretim yılında Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi öğrencisi olan 14 çalışma ve 14 kontrol grubu olmak üzere 28 erkek katılımcı yer almıştır. Çalışma grubunun yaş ortalaması 19,50±1,31 yıl ve kontrol grubunun yaş ortalaması 21,28±1,60 yıl olarak bulunmuştur. Çalışma grubu 4 hafta boyunca haftada 5 gün spor bilimlerinde her ders için 60 dakika olmak üzere zorunlu ders olarak uygulanan basketbol, atletizm ve jimnastik derslerine katılmıştır. Kontrol grubu ise herhangi bir uygulamalı derse katılmamıştır. Her iki grupta çalışma öncesi ve sonrası vücut analizi yapılmış ayrıca tüm gönüllülerin hematolojik ve biyokimyasal parametreler için 8 saat açlıktan sonra bazal kan numuneleri alınarak ölçülmüştür. Veriler normal dağılım gösterdiği için iki grup arasında ön ve son test karşılaştırması için bağımlı t testi ve bağımsız t testi kullanılmıştır. Çalışma grubuna uygulanan 4 haftalık eğitim sonucunda parametreleri ön test ile karşılaştırdığında albümin, Alkalen Fosfataz, Aspartat Aminotransferaz, Kreatin Kinaz, insülin, sedimantasyon ve sodyum ortalamalarında anlamlı fark saptanmıştır (p<0,05). Diğer parametrelerde anlamlı fark ortaya çıkmamıştır (p>0,05). Çalışma sonucunda 4 haftalık uygulama eğitiminin katılımcıların Albumin, Alkalen Fosfataz, Aspartat Aminotransferaz, Kreatin Kinaz, insülin, sedimantasyon ve sodyum parametrelerine etki ettiği söylenebilir. Kan lipit değerlerinde anlamlı farklılık olmasa da uygulama eğitiminin katılımcıların parametrelerine olumlu yönde etkisinin olduğu ifade edilebilir. Elde edilen bu bulgular 4 haftalık uygulama eğitiminin sağlıklı yaşam için önemli bir etken olduğuna işaret edebilir.
South Korea and the United States Free Trade Agreement (KORUS FTA) in 2006-2019 and Its Impact on the South Korea-US Alliance
Authors:   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Bocharnikova Marta V.
Published: December 2021

The article presents a study of the South Korea-United States Free Trade Agreement (KORUS FTA) and is divided into two parts. In the first part, the author briefly addresses the background of the agreement and explores in detail the current state of the KORUS FTA after its modification in 2018. The author examines key modifications made in the agreement and their influence on the Republic of Korea (ROK), the United States, and the ROK-US alliance. The first part also analyzes why President Trump, instead of delaying the KORUS issue, pushed its revision in 2017, when the situation on the Korean Peninsula was quite explosive, and the motives of the Trump administration in resuming Section 232 investigation, particularly into imports of semiconductors. In the second part, the author addresses future prospects of the agreement in general and briefly analyzes its impact on the ROK-US alliance. The author does not attempt to evaluate the quality of the alliance by measuring the state of the KORUS FTA. Nevertheless, while the trade agreement does not reflect all the strengths or weaknesses of the alliance, it is one of the criteria of the alliance development. Statistical data is employed throughout the article to illustrate the trade imbalance between South Korea and the US, import and export volume, and opinion survey results. In conclusion, the author sums up the results obtained and highlights the importance of the KORUS FTA for the ROK-US alliance. The relevance of the article lies in the fact that the work is based primarily on foreign sources and literature, which allows expanding the knowledge base of domestic Korean studies. This article is also a part of a more comprehensive study in this area and can serve as a supplementary modern literature for Russian researchers who major in Korean studies and deal with issues related to the South Korea-US relations. The methodological basis of the study consists of the principle of historicism and approaches such as structural-functional and systematic. The article employs general scientific, general historical and political science research methods. Among the general scientific methods, the author used methods of analysis and synthesis; time comparison method and complex method. Among the general historical methods, the historical-comparative method and the historical-genetic method are applied for demonstrating the causal relationship between political events, and the historical-systematic method for singling out a certain period in the historical process in which the problem is investigated. Finally, among the political science methods, content analysis and event analysis are employed for a better assessment of political events.
The Crisis of the Bretton Woods Monetary System and the Beginning of European Monetary Cooperation
Authors:   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Lekarenko Oksana G.
Published: December 2021

The article aims to identify the impact of the crisis of the Bretton Woods monetary system on the beginning of European monetary cooperation. Russian scholars' publications on European monetary integration usually examine in detail the internal prerequisites for the emergence of the Werner Plan and only sketch the external environment. Drawing on available European and American sources, this research provides a more nuanced picture of the origins of European monetary cooperation in the context of a general collapse of the post-war international monetary order. The article begins with the characteristic of the main features of the Bretton Woods monetary system. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, the intrinsic contradictions of the Bretton Woods mechanism, such as the problem of liquidity, confidence in the key currencies, and the adjustment mechanism, generated numerous monetary crises. All efforts to reform the international monetary system stalled because of disagreements between countries with surplus and deficit payment balances. The research also focuses on the US monetary policy. As the US dollar was the main reserve currency, the stability of the entire monetary system depended on its position. Since the late 1960s, conflicts over monetary issues developed between the United States and Western European countries, culminating in the Nixon administration's unilateral decision to abolish the gold standard in August 1971. Monetary crises and the weakness of the dollar pushed the countries of the European Economic Community to develop their own currency grouping. The article analyses the Werner Plan of 1970 that proposed the creation of an Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) with a single European currency as the ultimate goal. Based on fixed exchange rates between European currencies, the EMU represented a regional replica of the Bretton Woods system. The single European currency was seen by Europeans as an alternative to the dollar and the unpredictable American policy. The author concludes that the end of transatlantic monetary cooperation gave an additional impetus to the development of European monetary integration. Although first European efforts to create the EMU had failed because of the different approaches of France and the Federal Republic of Germany as well as the economic crisis of the early 1970s, the Werner Plan marked a crucial phase in the history of European integration. The Werner Report became a blueprint for the European Monetary System (EMS) of the late 1970s. The success of the EMS paved the way for the creation of the European Monetary Union envisaged in the Maastricht Treaty of 1991 establishing the European Union and the adoption of a single European currency - the euro.
The Coup d'Etat in Bolivia: Internal and External Factors
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Strigunov Konstantin S. , Manoilo Andrei V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: December 2021

The aim of the article is to reveal the mechanism of the coup d'etat in Bolivia in November 2019. Based on the research of Russian and foreign experts, as well as official documents of international organizations, a research center, speeches by world leaders, and the media, the authors analyze the internal causes and external factors that contributed to the overthrow of Evo Morales and the coming to power of the right opposition, oriented to the United States and supranational structures. The methods for the research were selected based on the requirements of a multilateral and systematic analysis of the domestic political situation in Bolivia, its cultural, historical, territorial, and economic characteristics, as well as foreign policy factors that influenced the situation in the country. A comparative analysis of the coup d'etat in Bolivia with the situation in some other Latin American states was done. The first section analyzes the domestic political situation in Bolivia, economic factors, and a number of actions by Evo Morales which led to the weakening of his position on the eve of the presidential election. The second section discusses the mechanism of influence of the Organization of American States on the election process in Bolivia. The influence of neo-fascist organizations, which receive external support and financing and became the main shock force of the coup d'etat, is investigated. The channels of influence of international players and organizations on the internal political processes of Bolivia are studied. The authors infer that the ousted president did not solve the task of creating and implementing a development project for all social and ethnic groups of Bolivia while maintaining their own support and state sovereignty. In addition, the authors give a critical assessment to the decision of the Bolivian leadership led by Evo Morales to entrust election monitoring exclusively to the Organization of American States where the US position dominates. The authors suggest that, for political support, in the monitoring of the election, Evo Morales should have involved representatives of states and organizations not controlled by Washington, for example, from the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. For the first time, the authors reveal and thoroughly study the trigger mechanism for activating a coup d'etat using technologies for dismantling political regimes adapted to Bolivian conditions. They conclude that, in fact, counteraction to left-wing political regimes by the United States in Latin America is de facto a continuation of the formally completed Operation Condor, but using modern technologies to eliminate the unwanted regime in a particular country in new geopolitical conditions.
The Requirement of Legality of Decisions of the Criminal Court: The Legal Basis and Content Components
Authors:   Northern Institute of Entrepreneurship, Burmagin Sergey V.
Published: December 2021

Legality as a complex legal requirement to judicial decisions, developed for a long time by Russian science and legal practice, was formally consolidated in the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation in 2001 and extended to all decisions of the criminal court. However, the wording of the law does not fully and adequately reflect the content of this requirement, and to some extent it contradicts the established scientific ideas and needs of judicial practice. In this regard, the author aims to reveal the content side of the concept of legality of judicial decisions in criminal proceedings, both from a historical perspective and from the perspective of modern legal understanding, and to justify the need to adjust the legislative expression of this requirement. The research problems are solved using historical, dialectical and comparative legal methods of cognition based on the analysis of relevant theoretical concepts developed by the Russian science of criminal procedure law, the provisions of criminal procedure legislation and the legal positions of the judicial authorities: the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, federal courts of general jurisdiction. The legal sources of regulatory requirements that the criminal court should follow when making procedural decisions have been identified. The author substantiates the need for an expanded understanding of the legality of judicial decisions as their compliance not only with direct instructions of the law, but also with legal provisions contained in other forms of law: constitutional norms, generally recognized principles and norms of international law, established legal customs, as well as standards of justice developed by judicial practice and legal positions on specific issues of law enforcement. In the context of historical development, the material and procedural aspects of the requirement of legality of judicial decisions in criminal proceedings are analyzed and its content components are formulated. Continuity and at the same time dynamism of doctrinal and legislative approaches to determining the legality of court decisions supported by judicial practice are noted. Certain shortcomings of the normative consolidation of the requirement of legality of court decisions in the current Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation are revealed, in connection with which specific proposals are made to change and optimize certain formulations of the procedural law that determine the content of the requirement of legality of a sentence and other court decisions in criminal proceedings.
İKİ BOYUTLU BENLİK SAYGISI: DİĞER BENLİKLERLE İLİŞKİSİ
Authors: ACUN KAPIKIRAN Necla , GÜZEL N.ceren
Published: December 2021

Benlik saygısı bireyin kendini yeterince değerli ve yeterli algılamasıdır. Bu araştırma lise ve üniversite öğrencilerinin benlik saygısının kendini sevme ve öz yeterlik boyutlarını koşullu-koşulsuz kendini kabul, iç-dış öz-güven, benlik kurgusunun uyma-ilişkililik-özerklik boyutlarının yordayıcı gücünün belirlenmesini amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmanın katılımcıları lise ve üniversite olmak üzere iki farklı öğrenci grubundan oluşmuştur. Katılımcılar 56’sı (%38) kız ve 90’ı (%62) erkek olmak üzere toplam 146 lise öğrencisinden, 239’u (%75.4) kız ve 78’i (%24.6) erkek olmak üzere toplam 317 üniversite öğrencisinden oluşmuştur. Katılımcılara İki Boyutlu Benlik Saygısı Ölçeği, Uyma-İlişkililik ve Özerklik Ölçekleri, Koşulsuz Kendini Kabul Ölçeği ve Öz-güven Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada lise ve üniversite öğrencilerinden elde edilen veriler ayrı ayrı analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın bağımlı değişkeni olan benlik saygısını yordayan değişkenleri belirlemek amacıyla regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Regresyon analizi sonucunda, liseli katılımcıların benlik kurgusunun ilişkililik boyutu ve koşulsuz kendini kabul boyutu benlik saygısının kendini sevme boyutunu yordamıştır. Ayrıca lise öğrencilerinin benlik kurgusunun ilişkililik ve uyma boyutlarının, içsel özgüven benlik saygısının öz-yeterlik boyutunu yordama gücüne sahip olduğu saptanmıştır. Bununla birlikte üniversiteli katılımcılarında iç özgüven benlik saygısının kendini sevme boyutunu yordarken, koşullu kendini kabul, iç -dış özgüven ve benlik kurgusunun özerklik boyutunun öz-yeterlik boyutunu yordama gücü anlamlı düzeye erişmiştir. Lise ve üniversite öğrencilerinden elde edilen bu sonuçlar benlik yapısının bireyci-toplulukçu kültürdeki benlik kurguları, koşullu-koşulsuz kendini kabul ve iç-dış özgüven çerçevesinde tartışılmıştır.
ENGLISH AS A MEDIUM OF INSTRUCTION: FROM ACADEMIC STAFF’S PERSPECTIVE
Authors: TOSCU Saliha
Published: December 2021

This study reveals Turkish academic staff’s opinions about English as a medium of instruction at the university level. A survey was given to 30 participants whose titles ranged from research assistants to associate professors working at different universities. In the study, the academic staff’s opinions about the benefits of EMI from global aspects, its effects on learning and teaching processes, its impact on the national identity, language, and development, and also the discrepancy between the language of instruction and work-life were examined. Additionally, the study reveals the differences in the academic staff’s opinions depending on gender, title, medium of instruction in education, and working in private or public institutions. The data were analyzed by quantitative methods. The findings showed a) a difference between male and female participants in their opinions regarding the effect of EMI on national concepts such as national language, identity; b) that the participants educated in EMI were more positive about the benefits of EMI for its global aspects and its effects on learning and teaching processes; c) that the participants’opinons differed from each other in national concepts as well as learning and teaching processes when the titles were analyzed; d) that the participants agreed on the possibility of a mismatch between the workplace and school due to the language of instruction e) and finally a difference between academic staff working in state institutions and private institutions revealing the academic staff in state institutions were more positive about the impact of EMI on learning and teaching processes.
SOSYAL BİLGİLER ÖĞRETİMİNDE METAFORLARIN KULLANIMI ÇERÇEVESİNDE DERS KİTAPLARININ İNCELENMESİ
Authors: BEKDEMİR Ünsal , TAĞRİKULU Pınar , ÇOBANOĞLU Elif Omca
Published: December 2021

Öğrenme sürecinde metaforlara yer verilmesinin öğrenmeyi kolaylaştıracağı ortadadır. Bu çalışmada sosyal bilgiler öğretiminde kullanılan ders kitapları incelenmiştir. Çalışmada hangi sınıf seviyesinde ve hangi öğrenme alanında metaforların daha sık kullanıldığı ve anlatımın somutlaştırılmaya çalışıldığı incelenmiştir. Sosyal bilgiler 4, 5, 6 ve 7. sınıf ders kitapları değerlendirilirken nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman incelemesi tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada 4. ve 5. sınıf ders kitaplarında konuların aktarılmasında metaforlara daha az yer verildiği, buna karşılık 6. ve 7. sınıf ders kitaplarında daha fazla metafor ile konuların aktarılmaya çalışıldığı saptanmıştır. 4. ve 5. sınıf ders kitaplarında metaforlara daha az yer verildiğinden hareketle 6. ve 7. sınıf ders kitaplarının öğrencilerin konuları zihinlerinde somutlaştırmalarında daha etkili olabileceği bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Bir konunun zihinde daha somut olarak şekillenebilmesinde benzetmelerin büyük etkisi olduğundan hareketle 4. ve 5. sınıf Sosyal Bilgiler ders kitaplarında bu konuda revizyona ve düzenlemelere gidilmesi önerilebilir. Böylece bu sınıf seviyesindeki öğrencilerin daha anlamlı ve kalıcı öğrenebilmesi mümkün olacaktır.
SALGIN SÜRECİNİN SOSYAL BİLGİLER ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ MESLEKİ YETERLİLİKLERİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ
Authors: ALTAY Nalan
Published: December 2021

2020 yılı başından beri Cocid-19 adlı virüs insan sağlığını tehdit etmektedir. Salgına karşı alınan en etkili çözüm ise sosyal ortamlardan uzak durmaktır. Bu nedenle salgın başladığında pek çok faaliyet kısıtlandı. Bu süreçte tüm okul kademeleri yüz yüze ara verdi. Salgının eğitim yaşantımıza vereceği hasarı en aza indirmek için eğitimde dijitalleşme hız kazandı. Bu çalışma, salgın sürecinin sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının öğretmenlik yeterliliklerini nasıl etkilediğini ortaya koymak için yapılmıştır. Covid-19 salgınının başlamasıyla 2019-2020 eğitim-öğretim yılı bahar döneminde uzaktan eğitime ani bir geçiş yaşandığı bilinmektedir. Bu yüzden salgının eğitime etkisine yönelik yapılan çalışmaların pek çoğunun bu ani geçişteki etkileri ortaya koymaya yönelik olduğu görülmüştür. Bu nedenle 2020-2021 eğitim öğretim yılı güz yarıyılının bitiminde öğretmen adaylarının bu yarıyılı kendi yeterlilikleri açısından değerlendirmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu çalışmada 2020-2021 eğitim öğretim yılı güz yarıyılında son sınıfta okuyan öğretmen adayları katılımcı grup olarak seçilmiştir. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan durum çalışması şeklinde desenlenen bu çalışmada veriler içerik analizi ile analiz edilmiştir. Sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının salgın sürecinde alan yeterliliklerini ve mesleki becerilerini yeterince geliştiremedikleri ortaya konmuştur. Öğretmen adayları salgın sürecinde EBA TV sosyal bilgiler dersini kendileri için faydalı bulmuş, genel olarak oyun ve etkinliklerle bu platformun daha verimli hale gelebileceğini ifade etmişlerdir.
YÜKSEKÖĞRETİMDEKİ GENÇ YETİŞKİNLER İÇİN SOSYAL MEDYA YETERLİK ÖLÇEĞİNİN TÜRKÇEYE UYARLANMASI
Authors: TUĞTEKİN Ufuk
Published: December 2021

Bu araştırmada, yükseköğretimdeki genç yetişkinlerin sosyal medya yeterliklerini değerlendirmeye yönelik Zhu vd. (2020) tarafından geliştirilen “Social Media Competence Scale for College Students”ın (SMCS-CS) Türkçeye uyarlanması amaçlanmıştır. SMCS-CS, 28 madde ve 4 faktörden (teknik kullanılabilirlik, içerik yorumlama, içerik üretme, beklentisel düşünme) oluşan, 5’li Likert tipte geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçektir. SMCS-CS’nin orijinal formu ve Türkçeye uyarlanan formu her iki dile hâkim bir çalışma grubuna uygulanmış ve iki form arasında yüksek düzeyde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir (r=,895; p<,001). Dil eşdeğerliği sağlanan uyarlanan form, toplam 339 lisans öğrencisine uygulanmıştır. Ancak, 11 katılımcıdan elde edilen veriler, uç değer analiz sonuçlarına göre analizden çıkarılmıştır. Toplam 328 katılımcıdan oluşan veri seti üzerinde doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) gerçekleştirilmiştir. DFA sonuçlarına göre maddelerin, ilgili faktörler altında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı yük değerlerine sahip olduğu ve model uyum indekslerinin (𝓧2=916,05; sd=341; 𝓧2/sd=2,686; RMSEA=0,072; GFI=0,827; CFI=0,939; SRMR=0,083; NFI=0,906; IFI=0,939; NNFI=0,932) kabul edilebilir değer aralıklarında olduğu belirlenmiştir. Buna ek olarak, yakınsama ve ayırt edici geçerlilik kriterleri ile heterotrait-monotrait (HTMT) korelasyon oranı analiz sonuçları incelenmiştir. Güvenirlik değerlendirmesi için Cronbach alfa (α) katsayıları (0,73 ≤ α ≤ 0,85) incelenmiştir. Sonuçta, orijinal ölçek yapısı uyarlanan form için doğrulanan, geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca ileri araştırmalar için öneriler sunulmuş ve araştırmanın sınırlılıkları özetlenmiştir.
Assessment under Covid-19: Exploring Undergraduate Students’ Attitudes towards Their Online Thesis Proposal Presentations vs. Face-to-face
Authors: Stognieva Olga , Popov Victor
Published: December 2021

This study conducted in an EFL setting investigates students’ perception of the thesis proposal presentation in an online format due to safety concerns during the Covid-19 pandemic. Fifty-five students aged 20-22 years old, level B2-C1 in English, in their fourth year of a Business Informatics Bachelor’s programme at HSE University, Moscow, were surveyed regarding their end-of-course assessment experience, which involved a Skype online presentation, rather than the usual face-to-face presentation. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire consisted of 3 sections and 12 items. A mixed-method approach using quantitative and qualitative data was employed. The findings indicate that emergency transition to the new format did not affect students’ satisfaction or results of the presentation. Overall, students were more than satisfied with the online format, and the results were similar, if not better, than in previous years. To minimise the disadvantages of this format, recommendations for teachers and students were offered. This study might offer new insight on the most appropriate and beneficial oral testing system for students and staff.
Promoting Metacognitive and Linguistic Skills: Digital Learning Logs in Pre-Service Teacher Training
Authors: Otto Ana , López-Medina Beatriz
Published: December 2021

This paper reports on the implementation of digital learning logs in the context of pre-service teacher training in a distance university in Madrid. The learning log, which had been previously implemented in the subject as a learning tool, has proven to be especially useful in Covid-19 times since the students had to work more independently and could use it to reflect upon their learning without the conventional teaching they were used to. The paper has a two-fold aim: first, to analyze whether the learning logs helped in promoting students’ autonomy and self-reflection, and second, to observe whether they contribute to the development of their linguistic competence in English as a foreign language. Participants of the study (n= 47) are students of the Primary and Infant Education degrees, specializing in English teaching, whose L2 level ranges between B1 and C2. At the end of half term, they were given the possibility of completing a learning log to record their learning process, review concepts and be aware of potential learning gaps and needs, and act accordingly. For this purpose, and to encourage participation, L1 or L2 could be chosen as vehicular languages. Participants were asked to complete an online questionnaire on their experience using the logs, answering questions regarding the suitability of this tool to enhance their language skills and promote effective strategies to become independent learners. The data drawn from the questionnaires submitted (n=29) were later analyzed through SPSS. In addition, individual semi-structured interviews were carried out to collect information on those participants who had not completed the learning log (n=11). The findings of the study show that the vast majority of participants agree on the potential of learning logs as a useful tool to keep track of their learning process and to develop metacognitive awareness and linguistic skills.
Students’ Perceptions of ESP Academic Writing Skills through Flipped Learning during Covid-19
Authors: Montaner-Villalba Salvador
Published: December 2021

Learners studying English for Specific Purposes (ESP) at University regard writing academic papers as a complex process since they have to consider issues about academic writing conventions as well as ethics. This current research examines university students’ perceptions of ESP academic writing within the context of the online learning which emerged due to Covid-19 and, therefore, through the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and, particularly, utilizing the Flipped Learning approach as an active learning strategy to enhance ESP academic written competence. To be more specific, we examined how students, in tertiary education, perceived ESP academic writing skills within the field of Business English. The participants are 28 students doing the Degree in Administration and Business Management in a Spanish polytechnic. A mixed method research has been conducted for this current paper since both quantitative as well as qualitative methods were utilized for data collection. Regarding this study, both a questionnaire and a focus group interview were utilized to analyse the data. The outcomes proved that students’ perceptions towards academic ESP written competence, using Business English, within the Flipped Learning approach was positive. The major results showed students’ awareness of their needs and ESP written requirements. This research concludes with some future research suggestions.
"Si no lo veo, no lo creo". La serie televisiva Little Einsteins como recurso audiovisual para el aula de Música
Authors:   Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Bravo Marín Raquel , López García Narciso José ,   Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, De Moya Martínez María del Valle ,   Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
Published: December 2021

Audiovisual and Mass Media has become an excellent support for the transmission,expansion and reinforcement of content previously worked in the classroom. Little Einsteins TVseries is a clear example of this typology. This research focuses on the viewing, analysis andclassification of all those elements related to the different artistic disciplines. It pays specialattention to those that pertain to history of music, musical language, musical instruments andother music elements. These features appear in the sixty-seven chapters that make up this TVseries. The aim is categorizing this artistic and musical material easing the work of the primarymusic teachers when including this resource in their didactic syllabus. For this purpose, thecollection of qualitative parameters and the textual analysis, the active viewing, the analysis ofaudiovisual discourse and the interpretation of the information appeared in each one of theepisodes has been used. Finally, the conclusions derived from this study and their possibleapplications in the music classroom are presented
Tecnologías educativas móviles colaborativas para estudiantes ciegos. Una revisión sistemática
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) - Instituto de Informática, Rocha de Almeida Isadora , Ferreira Deller James ,   Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) - Instituto de Informática
Published: December 2021

Traditional teaching methods lose prominence as new technologies emerge as aids inthe learning process. Ensuring new classroom dynamics and expanding the learning environmentbeyond the classroom is, in fact, a tempting additive for students who are developing in an era oftechnological ascension. Mobile learning or M-learning is, therefore, the most accessible andpopular way to offer educational dynamics to students, including those with some type ofdisability. Bringing together collaborative teaching, which allows students to work in groups andinteractively with each other, and the facilities provided by technology, the objective of the workis to present a systematic literature review pointing out the impact of collaborative mobiletechnologies for teaching people with Visual impairment. Following Kitchenham's systematicreview method, 592 articles in Portuguese and English were analyzed, 10 of which were selectedto answer the research questions. The results of this research reveal that the use of mobiletechnologies is efficient and more accessible, positively impacting the learning of students withvisual impairments, but still presents latent problems and challenges. This systematic reviewprovides the academic community with a current synthesis of research and development on thesubject, between 2015 and 2020, in different teaching environments regarding the educationallevel and context, characteristics, receptivity and challenges, always backed up by empirical evidence
FORAGE YIELD AND QUALITY OF QUINOA (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) GENOTYPES HARVESTED AT DIFFERENT CUTTING STAGES UNDER MEDITERRANEAN CONDITIONS
Authors: YILMAZ Şaban , ERTEKİN İbrahim , ATIŞ İbrahim
Published: December 2021

Genotype choosing and cutting stage are very significant to obtained better forage yield and quality. However, researches about forage production from quinoa plant genotypes harvested at different cutting stages are not enough in Mediterranean conditions. This study was conducted to determine the forage yield and quality of five different quinoa genotypes (Red head, Cherry vanilla, French vanilla, Mint vanilla and Titicaca) at three different cutting stages (flowering, milky and dough). The experiment was laid out in split plot of randomized complete blocks with three replications in 2019 and 2020 years. To evaluate the forage yield and quality of different quinoa genotypes harvested at different cutting stages, plant height, stem diameter, dry forage yield, dry matter content, water soluble carbohydrate, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, acid detergent lignin, condensed tannins, ether extract, crude protein, crude ash, organic matter, non-fiber carbohydrate and relative feed value properties were investigated. As a result of the research, it was determined that it is appropriate to harvest quinoa as a roughage source at the dough stage, and that Mint vanilla genotype is the most productive genotype.
Russian-language dictionary of terms used in clinical electromyography and ultrasound examination of the neuromuscular system
Authors: Smirnova A. Yu. , Kanshina D. S. , Bogdanova E. P. , Saltykova V. G. , Sinkin M. V. , Nikitin S. S.
Published: December 2021

Modern electrodiagnostics (ED) and ultrasound examination of the neuromuscular system dictates the need to use unified terminology in order to avoid inter-expert variability in describing the results of the study and drawing up a conclusion in accordance with international criteria. The results of a survey of clinical electromyography specialists and the methodology of translation of the latest version of the English-language glossary on electrodiagnostic medicine are presented.

The purpose of the publication is to popularize the use of modern nomenclature among the professional community. An anonymous survey was conducted on the use of the most common terms ED. The translation of the latest English-language version of the glossary on ED and ultrasound examination of the neuromuscular system was carried out, followed by editing and discussion by an expert group. 236 people from 68 cities of Russia and neighboring countries took part in the survey. The survey results demonstrated maximum disunity, as well as conservatism in the use of terms. The nomenclature of ED terms was first compiled in 1980 by the American Association of Electromyography and Electrodiagnostics and subsequently regularly revised and supplemented in accordance with new data. The unification of terms is necessary for the standardization of conclusions, multicenter research and scientific publications.
ON THE SYSTEMATISATION OF RISKS CAUSED BY THE PROCESSING OF PERSONAL DATA USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Nekrutenko V.
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the study in this article is to systematise the risks that may be caused by the processing of personal data using artificial intelligence technologies, according to the criteria of stages of personal data processing and legislation that may be violated due to those risks. Based on the systematisation of risks, the aim was also to analyse the means of preventing and minimising the risks caused by the use of artificial intelligence technologies. To achieve the purpose of this work, the following methods were used: structural, functional, systemic, comparative, as well as the method of analysis. Among the special scientific methods are methods of systematic and dynamic interpretation of legislation in the field of personal data protection. The study analysed in accordance with the legislation of Ukraine and systematised legal risks caused by the processing of personal data using artificial intelligence technologies; identified factors and interests with which it is necessary to balance the minimisation of legal risks; proposed components of a comprehensive regulatory system aimed at minimising risks and ensuring a balance between the interests of individuals and organisations that collect and process personal data. The obtained results allowed to come to the following conclusions: 1) The use of artificial intelligence algorithms in human interaction gives undeniable advantages and social benefits; 2) Unregulated use of this technology poses significant risks of violation of the human right for respect for private life and the right to protection of personal data. The main aspects of such risks are the illegal use of collected personal data for machine learning, opacity and loss of control over the logic of decision-making, as well as the risks of breach of personal data security; 3) In order to minimise risks and ensure a balance between private and public interest, it is necessary to find a comprehensive approach that involves all stakeholders. An integrated approach involves the application of mandatory rules of conduct and the rules of so-called soft law.
FEATURES OF CODIFICATION OF LEGISLATION IN THE FIELD OF DEFENSE OF UKRAINE: ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Shulhin V.
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes organizational and legal (theoretical and legal, organizational and technical), comparative and applied and terminological and conceptual aspects of codification of legislation in the field of defense of Ukraine, which has important theoretical, legal, practical and applied significance for the effective operation of national defense forces. Security and defense in a special period of conducting a joint operation and on the way to the Euro-Atlantic integration of our country, interoperability with the armed forces of NATO member states are also within the focus of the paper. In order to determine the system-scientific approach to the implementation of this national-strategic task, the subject of which is the regulation of military-legal social relations in the field of defense forces of the security and defense sector of Ukraine, an attempt was made to explore organizational and legal, defense-institutional national features and capabilities, quality and degree of readiness of separate acts (legal norms) of the current legislation in the field of defense to their codification. The legal nature of codification of legislation is established and substantiated; its general and special concept is clarified taking into account existing problems and features of modern process of defense normative-legal regulation, military law enforcement, improvement of nationaldefense and military-legal relations; proposals for process algorithms codification of legislation in the field of defense of Ukraine are formulated.
DIGITAL TWINS AND THEIR APPLIANCE IN TRANSPORT ECONOMICS
Authors: Rimskaya O. N. , Anokhov I. V.
Published: December 2021

Today digitalization increasingly affects the economy, including the transport industry. The consequence of this is the emergence of digital twins that allow modeling and predicting the behavior of both individual processes and enterprises as a whole.

The aim of the article is to investigate the process of digitalization in the transport industry. The theoretical basis of the article was the universal organizational science of A. Bogdanov.

The article offers a definition of information, and its classification in relation to the economy at three levels: applied information (technological information), information about algorithms of the owners of factors production behavior (behavioral information) and information, with which the impact on the owners of production factors and the real economy in general (directive information). The totality of these levels of information from the macroeconomic point of view forms an information economy, and from the microeconomic point of view – a digital twin of a particular subject of the real economy.

It is proved that the digital economy is a subsystem of the information economy, differs in a binary way of presenting information and is maximally oriented to the management of the real economy.

Information precedes all activity, so the real economy is a product of the information economy. Consequently, the technological division of labor is based on a prior informational division of labor. This theoretically allows us to judge the adequacy of the digital twin through the analysis of individual technological levels of the transport enterprise. This hypothesis was applied to the analysis of the Russian railway transport, which gave reason to consider this approach promising for use at macro- and micro-levels both.
STRATEGIC DECISIONS IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY BASED ON INTERNET DATA COLLECTION TECHNOLOGIES AND THEIR SPATIAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Lakman I. A. , Timiryanova V. M.
Published: December 2021

The paper offers a look the new opportunities that open up in management in the context of the development of information technology. The aim of the study is to highlight the benefits of using technologies for collecting big data and spatial statistics for making strategic decisions in the tourism industry. In the work, using the example of the ski resort “Abzakovo”, the technologies for collecting data on the Internet are shown, the spatial dependence of the data is assessed and conclusions are drawn that allow subsequent strategic decisions as to enterprises located in this territory. So are the government bodies interested in the development of this tourist zone. Thus, the analysis of the geography of the members of the “Abzakovo” group made it possible to single out a statistically significant spatial dependence of their age, which manifests itself in the neighborhood of the older members of the group near the resort. The results of the analysis of the rating of tourist infrastructure facilities in the area of the ski resort “Abzakovo” identified spatially related zones of low and high ratings.
Indexes of arterial blood flow in the utero-placental and fetal-placental circulation
Authors: Polyanin A. A. , Kogan Igor Y.
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study was to asses the normal ranges for S/D ratio and pulsatility index (PI) for umbilical artery (UA), aorta (A), middle cerebral artery (MCA), renal artery (RA) and uterine artery (UtA) during normal pregnancy. Results showed decrease of S/D ratio and PI for UA, UtA from 8 to 40 weeks of gestation and PI for RA from 20 to 40 weeks of gestation. S/D ratio and PI for A was not changed during second half of normal pregnancy. S/D ratio and PI for MCA were increased from 20 to 30 weeks of gestation and after that had tendency of decreasing to term.
Prematurely delivery — observation tactics with account to gestation terms
Authors: Kulakov Vladimir I. , Serov Vladimir N. , Sidelnikova Vera M.
Published: December 2021

Some disputable matters according to the problem of prematurely labor were presented in this article.

The urgency of the problem is due to the fact that preterm birth determines the level of perinatal mortality and morbidity. The management of labor is determined by the gestational age. Termination of pregnancy in the period of 22-27 weeks is most often due to infection and fetal malformations, determined by this period of gestation. With a gestational age of 28-33 weeks, the percentage of indicated premature births is extremely high due to a complicated course of pregnancy (preeclampsia, placental insufficiency) and severe extragenital diseases. Premature birth at 34-37 weeks is close to timely delivery in terms of labor outcomes.
Efficacy of Next-Generation BRAF Inhibitors in Differentiated Thyroid Carcinomas
Authors:   , Yo Jacob Chinshiang , Hartsough Edward J
Published: December 2021

The serine-threonine kinase BRAF is mutated in 50% of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), the most common form of thyroid cancer. The vast majority of BRAF mutations is at position 600 where valine is substituted to glutamic acid or lysine (BRAFV600E/K). This oncogenic mutation stimulates MAPK pathway activation, driving tumour growth and suppressing apoptotic signalling. Patients suffering with PTC often undergo surgical resection coupled with adjuvant radioiodine ablation and lifelong thyroid hormone replacement therapy. In most cases this is curative; however, since most PTC patients diagnosed are under the age of 65, adverse effects associated with prolonged therapy is concerning. Transient radioiodine treatment may cause bone marrow suppression, gonadal damage, and even secondary cancers. Furthermore, hormone replacement therapy increases the risk of developing atrial fibrillation and osteoporosis. Recent studies using mutant-selective BRAF inhibitors (BRAFi), like vemurafenib and dabrafenib, as neoadjuvant agents for advanced melanoma have been very encouraging; however, these treatments have poor efficacy against mutant BRAF thyroid carcinomas. Here we assess the usefulness of the next-generation BRAFi, PLX8394, against human PTC cell lines. PLX8394 differs from its predecessors as it disrupts RAF-level dimerization while inhibiting BRAF kinase activity; these properties make it an intriguing neoadjuvant therapy candidate for PTC. Among a panel of next-generation BRAFi, we demonstrated MAPK signal suppression by PLX8394 but found heterogeneity in reduction of cell growth and S-phase entry. Our results suggest next-generation BRAFi can be a valuable component of an effective treatment against PTC.
Macroeconomic determinants of U.S. stock prices
Authors:   , DeStefano Michael R. , Jeon Bang Nam
Published: December 2021

Although statistically significant relationships between stock prices and various macroeconomic variables have often been uncovered in previous research, the results are inconsistent and the nature of these relationships are not well understood. The goal of this thesis is to determine whether the relationships between stock prices and macroeconomic variables are moderated by the level of aggregate economic activity and/or the business cycle. The deviation of industrial production away from a quadratic trend is used to designate periods of low, medium and high economic activity. In addition, NBER business cycle peak and trough dates are used to separate the business cycle into four stages. Hypotheses that describes how stock returns and their fundamental determinants (expected economic activity and discount rates) vary over different business cycle stages are developed and tested. Based on these relationships, additional hypotheses about how the relationships between stock returns and other macroeconomic variables (inflation, the money supply, the term premium the risk premium and oil prices) vary over different levels of economic activity and business cycle stages are formed and tested. The role of innovations in the macroeconomic variables (along with current, lagged and future values) in determining stock prices is also examined. Tests are performed at a bivariate level using multiplicative dummy variables in effect, partitioning the entire sample into different business cycle stages. It was found that, first; stock returns and fundamental determinants do seem to vary over the business cycle as hypothesized. Second, in many cases relationships between stock returns and macroeconomic variables significantly change over different business cycle stages. Most notably, the anomalous negative relationship between stock returns and expected inflation seems to depend on the level and direction of economic activity. The relationship is actually positive when economic activity is low (although insignificant), and negative and significant when economic activity is high. When economic activity is low and rising, the relationship becomes significantly positive.
Coefficients Calculation of Laurent Series in the Neighborhood of Complex Variable Function Poles
Authors: Zhou Zhijin
Published: December 2021

The theory of complex function is a key part of mathematics, which can solve the complex problems in production and life. It is of great significance to extend the research field of complex function theory. In this paper, taking a complex variable function as the research object,
a calculation method of Laurent series coefficient of complex function pole neighborhood expansion was proposed to determine the complex variable function pole, determine the order of complex variable function pole, calculate the residue of high-order pole in complex variable function, thus
judging the attribute of complex variable function. In this regard, the coefficient formula was used to calculate the coefficients of Laurent series in the neighborhood of the complex variable function poles.