bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of the Hydraulic-Control Wave-Maker for Study of Vertically-Variable Oceanographic Flows
Authors: Ko Haeng Sik , Lynett Patrick
Published: July 2022

This study aims to develop new experimental equipment to generate waves by using a system termed the Hydraulic-Control Wave-maker (HCW). This experimental device can completely mimic vertical flow distribution via an adjustable set of vertical baffles and subsequently permits the study of multiscale and vertically-variable oceanographic flows. First, a small-scale prototype of the HCW system is developed using a combination motor and screw jack. A relationship between motor speed and flow rate is obtained, which shows a linear increase by satisfying mass conservation. Using this relationship, sinusoidal waves in the small wave flume were generated. A scaled-up physical model of the HCW is built with three baffles, including a movable top baffle; solitary waves with various wave amplitudes are generated; laboratory observations are compared to target data for a verification of solitary wave generation.
Organizational and Economic Factors of Health System Optimization
Authors: Telizhenko Oleksandr , Halynska Yuliia , Baistriuchenko Nataliia , Potseluiev Volodymyr , Demchuk Kateryna
Published: July 2022

The article discusses approaches to optimizing the health care system in the context of reform. In the article identified institutional and organizational constraints to shape the health care system model with the necessary components: quality assurance, financial constraints, and optimization of budgetary resources. In the article developed the approaches to the formation of the health care system at the regional level. To this aim, the factors that influence the efficiency of the organization and functioning of the medical system are identified. Particular attention is paid to the organization of quality medical care in the united territorial communities of the Sumy region. The factorial analysis made it possible to form models of organization of medical institutions in the united territorial communities, taking into account financial and organizational constraints. In the process of research used the conditionally constant and variable factors in the model to adapt effectively to changes in the external environment. Modeling is based on a functional approach (model based on data flow construction). This approach allows you to identify functional problems of the system, to determine the basic requirements of stakeholders, to determine the structure of information flows in the model. In this case, the health care system is considered as a set of processes (related or independent) that achieve this goal. Then the overall management of the system can be represented as the management of a set of these processes in order to obtain the end result (with the specified characteristics). The peculiarity of this approach to modeling is to summarize a large array of input information, to establish direct and feedback between economic, demographic, geographical, social indicators of community development and medical indicators (results) that characterize the level of public health. The introduction of an integral indicator in the calculation model will solve both general institutional tasks, such as temporal dynamics within the created unified territorial community and creating a competitive position in comparison with other unified territorial communities of the region, and making local management decisions based on the influence of individual factors on the functioning of the health care system. The application of the model makes the practical importance in the control of deviation of the actual value of the integral indicator from the normative and planned result.
Data Management in Healthcare Research as a Guarantee of its Quality
Authors: Rekunenko Igor , Boiko Anton , Kramarenko Olha , Khan Bhola
Published: July 2022

Today, in times of outbreaks of epidemics such as the Zika virus and COVID-19, health systems around the globe face an urgent need to respond quickly to overcome their spread and prevent the re-infection of humanity. Among the solutions was the World Health Organization’s call for immediate, rapid, and, most importantly, open dissemination of medical research data. Although data sharing benefits science and society, there is a range of ethical, legal, cultural, financial, and technical barriers to the dissemination and reuse of medical research data today. Therefore, the quality of data, namely the possibility of their easy search, availability, compatibility, and reusability, is considered relevant in developing data infrastructure in healthcare. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop an appropriate research data management system in the healthcare system. The aim is to study the efficiency of data management in the healthcare system. This goal is proposed to be achieved in the following sequence: to consider the essence of the concept of research data management; to conduct a bibliometric study of the concept of data management in the medical fields of knowledge, to analyze the frequency of publications on the issue of data management of medical research, indexed by the Scopus database. The object of research is the healthcare sector. The subject is the determinants of the impact of proper management of medical research data on the healthcare sector. The terminological maps of term relationships were constructed using the VOSviewer visualization tool. The study found that 8% of all data management research was conducted in the medical fields of knowledge. The study found an upward trend in the number of health data management publications with the highest growth rate in 2019 and 2020. Analysis of terminology clusters revealed that the keywords «Big Data», «Machine Learning», «Data Collection», «Data Quality», «Data Sharing», «Data Reuse», «COVID-19», and «Blockchain» have the highest number of mentions in publications and strong connection with other publications. Thus, we justified the importance of developing a coherent program and strategic plans for managing research data in the health care system. The results of the study can be used to support decision-making on future opportunities to effectively influence the development of access to medical research data, as well as to ensure the improvement of the quality and confidentiality of research data in the health system.
Public Health Projects in Ukraine
Authors: Piven Daryna , Us Yana
Published: July 2022

Public systems are constantly searching for new management approaches to have better performance and be more transparent to society. The public health systems are not an exclusion. Governments in some countries have started to use the project approach in this area. The dominant purpose of this research is to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of operating projects in public health systems worldwide and in Ukraine. Systematization of literary sources and articles connected with a public health projectification indicates that project management has many valuable tools to control and impact public health, including stakeholder management, team management, risk management, and result management. In contrast to the positive impact of using projects, researchers have been concerned about the wrong success factors in the health projects and the unavailability to make long-term programs to make a systematic influence on society. The present study analyzed the domestic and foreign approaches to implementing healthcare projects to analyze public health project fulfilment worldwide and provides the systematization of public health project types in Ukraine, with illustrations of each type of project made by the Center of Public Health by the Ministry of Healthcare. On top of that, the current legal condition of the Ukrainian healthcare system was analyzed due to the strategy of healthcare reformation. The object of the study is the projects implemented by the Center for Public Health by the Ministry of Healthcare as the central institution of public health execution in Ukraine. The author has emphasized that healthcare reformation requires the use of project-management staff since changes in public health are designed to create conditions for the operation of patient-oriented medical institutions. The research results can be helpful for further development of the Ukrainian health system or any other healthcare system or for future research in the projectification of the public sector.
Light-emitting Diode–Induced Root Photomorphogenesis and Root Retention in Populus
Authors: Kobayashi Haruna , Hashimoto Kiyomi , Ohba Erika , Kurata Yohei
Published: July 2022

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are known to affect plant morphology. In this study, we examined the relationship between changes in stem and root morphology in Populus sieboldii × Populus grandidentata induced by irradiation with blue (450 nm), red (630 nm), and white (combination of red, blue, and green; 525 nm) LED lights. Populus samples were reared for 36–55 days in separate LED incubators, and changes in their appearance were observed. After rearing, the main stem of each seedling was cut, leaving a section of stem extending from the roots to ≈20 mm above the medium surface; this part was used for tensile testing. The tensile tests were performed to clarify the relationship between the tensile force and displacement until 100 mm. Irradiation with blue light produced the tallest seedlings. The highest dry weight (root and stem) and largest stem diameter were obtained under red light. The results of the tensile tests showed that the work required to displace seedlings 100 mm was highest in plants reared under red light, followed by white and blue light. Numerous root branches developed under red light, and taproots were longest in saplings reared under blue light. The observed differences in root system morphology that were induced by rearing under light of different wavelengths were reflected in the tensile force required to extract the trees from the medium. The morphological changes observed in roots are important given the role of roots in forests after landslides, earthquakes, and other disruptions.
Segregation of Eastern Filbert Blight Disease Response and Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Markers in Three European–American Interspecific Hybrid Hazelnut Populations
Authors: Lombardoni Justin J. , Honig Josh A. , Vaiciunas Jennifer N. , Revord Ronald S. , Molnar Thomas J.
Published: July 2022

The perennial stem canker disease eastern filbert blight (EFB), caused by Anisogramma anomala, is devastating to most trees of European hazelnut (Corylus avellana), as genetic resistance is rare in the species. The pathogen is harbored by the wild American hazelnut (Corylus americana) found throughout much of eastern North America. Wild American hazelnut is generally resistant or tolerant to EFB, and is fully cross compatible with C. avellana, the species grown commercially for its nuts, making it a valuable resource for disease resistance breeding. The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with EFB resistance and tolerance in these two species. Three unrelated EFB-resistant C. americana selections [Oregon State University (OSU) 533.069 from Pennsylvania, OSU 403.040 from Nebraska, and OSU 557.122 from Wisconsin] were crossed with C. avellana ‘Tonda di Giffoni’ (TdG), a cultivar from Italy known to be tolerant of EFB. Their progenies, each containing 124 trees, were exposed to A. anomala through field inoculations and natural spread over 7 years, then each tree was evaluated for cumulative disease response. Results showed that disease response of all three populations exhibited a roughly normal distribution, indicating that resistance/tolerance was under multigenic control. An average of 2869 total markers were used to construct each population’s linkage map following genotyping, which included an average of 121 published simple sequence repeat markers to anchor linkage groups (LGs) to those of previous studies. Linkage maps were constructed for each parent of each population and used to map QTLs associated with EFB response. The subsequent analysis resolved five EFB-related QTLs across the three populations, highlighting three genic regions. Unexpectedly, only one QTL was identified from one of the three resistant C. americana parents, located on LG11 of the map of OSU 403.040, whereas three QTLs were found in a similar region on LG10 across the three maps of TdG, and a fifth QTL was found on LG6 of one TdG map. The lack of strong QTLs identified from the three EFB-resistant C. americana parents suggests that their resistance may be highly quantitative and not resolved within the constraints of this study. In contrast, tolerance from TdG appears to be conferred by a limited number of genes with relatively strong effects. Based on prior mapping work in European and American hazelnut where R genes have been located on LG2, LG6, and LG7, the QTLs associated with resistance/tolerance on LG10 and LG11 represent novel resistance regions. These QTLs present new targets for marker aided breeding, especially when pyramiding EFB resistance genes is a goal.
Effects of Water-deficit Stress and Gibberellic Acid on Floral Gene Expression and Floral Determinacy in ‘Washington’ Navel Orange
Authors: Tang Lisa , Lovatt Carol J.
Published: July 2022

Effects of water-deficit stress and foliar-applied gibberellic acid (GA3) on ‘Washington’ navel orange (Citrus sinensis) floral gene expression and inflorescence number were quantified. Trees subjected to 8 weeks of water-deficit stress [average stem water potential (SWP) −2.86 MPa] followed by 3 weeks of re-irrigation (SWP recovered to > −1.00 MPa) produced more inflorescences in week 11 than trees well-irrigated (SWP > −1.00 MPa) for the full 11 weeks (P < 0.001). After 8 weeks of water-deficit stress, bud expression of flowering locus t (FT), suppressor of overexpression of constans1 (SOC1), leafy (LFY), apetala1 (AP1), apetala2 (AP2), sepallata1 (SEP1), pistillata (PI), and agamous (AG) increased during the re-irrigation period (weeks 9 and 10), but only AP1, AP2, SEP1, PI, and AG expression increased to levels significantly greater than that of well-irrigated trees. Foliar-applied GA3 (50 mg·L−1) in weeks 2 through 8 of the water-deficit stress treatment did not reduce bud FT, SOC1, or LFY expression, but prevented the upregulation AP1, AP2, SEP1, PI, and AG expression that occurred during re-irrigation in water-deficit stressed trees not treated with GA3. Applications of GA3 to water-deficit stressed trees reduced inflorescence number 95% compared with stressed trees without GA3. Thus, GA3 inhibited citrus (Citrus sp.) floral development in response to water-deficit stress through downregulating AP1 and AP2 expression, which likely led to the failed activation of the downstream floral organ identity genes. The results reported herein suggest that bud determinacy and subsequent floral development in response to water-deficit stress in ‘Washington’ navel orange are controlled by AP1 and AP2 transcript levels, which regulate downstream floral organ identity gene activity and the effect of GA3 on citrus flower formation. The water-deficit stress floral-induction pathway provides an alternative to low-temperature induction that increases the potential for successful flowering in citrus trees grown in areas experiencing warmer, drier winters due to global climate change.
Dampak Game Online terhadap Pemerolehan Bahasa Kedua pada Anak
Authors: Hafifah Siti , Adawiyah Robiatul , Putra Dona Aji Karunia
Published: July 2022

Currently playing online games is one of the hobbies that is being carried out by all circles, including children. In addition to entertainment, online games are a means of learning for children to acquire foreign language vocabulary that they do not learn at school. This study aims to see the effect of online games on children's second language acquisition and to find out what factors influence this acquisition. The research method we use is a qualitative descriptive method with an observational approach. The subjects of our study were elementary school children aged 6 and 10 years. We conducted observations and interviews for one month so that we could find out how the influence of online games on second language acquisition in children aged 8 years and 11 years. The games played are Free fire, Mobile Legends, Minecraft, and Roblox. The results we get are that the children are familiar with new English vocabulary and know their meaning, the English vocabulary obtained is error, lag, battle, build, room, by one, cheat, shoot, and the other.
Blended Learning Approaches in Nursing Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review
Authors:   Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Gangodawila, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka, Ilankoon Ilankoon Mudiyanselage Prasanthi Sumudrika , Kisokanth Gnanaselvam ,   Department of Clinical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka, Warnakulasuriya Sudath Shirely Pathmasiri ,   Department of Clinical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka
Published: July 2022

Nurse academics have faced many challenges in conducting face-to-face teaching and clinical training in the COVID-19 pandemic. Compared to the past, there was increased interest and usage in online education during the COVID-19 pandemic in nursing education. This short communication highlights the important aspects that nurse academics should consider while designing nursing curricula to face future pandemics based on the experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic. This short communication includes a critical analysis of experiences from previous pandemics and the lesson learned from the present pandemic of the use of blended learning approaches in nursing education. These would be effective in considering nursing curricula reforms. Four key themes related to blended learning were identified as blended learning, blended learning in nursing education, challenges related to blended learning and strengthening of the blended learning culture. In conclusion, the pandemic has taught nurse academics to navigate nursing curricula to suit current teaching and learning demands. Reforming curricula by incorporating blended learning would be timely.
The use of Robotics in the Kitchens of the Future: The example of Moley Robotics
Authors: Barakazı Mahmut
Published: July 2022

As in all areas of the tourism sector, it is considered a necessity rather than a choice to adapt to technological developments in kitchens that provide food and beverage services. It is unthinkable that the kitchens, which are foreseen to take place in the future, will be independent of robotic tools. From this point of view, this research also addresses the current structure of robotic use in kitchen technology and evaluates the technological tools that are planned to be used in the future. In this context, attention is drawn to the situation of the sector based on the products and applications of 'Moley Robotics', one of the world's leading companies in robotic use. In line with the results obtained from the research, it is seen that the use of robotics in all areas of the kitchen has started to become widespread and it is predicted that this situation will increasingly continue in the coming years. When the social media (Instagram) interactions of the Moley Robotics organization are observed, it is understood how important the use of robotics is in kitchen applications.
Antik Kaynaklar Işığında Roma Balık Sosu: Garum/Liquamen (Roman Fish Sauce in the Light of Ancient Sources: Garum/Liquamen)
Authors: Turan Olcay
Published: July 2022

Tarih boyunca su ürünleri insanoğlunun istifade ettiği en önemli besin maddelerinden biri olmuştur. Akdeniz’in en önemli uygarlıklarını oluşturan Antik Anadolu, Hellen ve Roma halkları da su ürünlerinden azami oranda yararlanmaya çalışmışlar ve bu bağlamda balıkların tüketime uygun olmayan iç organlarını kullanmak suretiyle garum adı verilen balık sosunu üretmişlerdir. Antik dönem kaynaklarına ek olarak arkeolojik veriler analiz edildiğinde garum hakkında oldukça önemli bilgilere ulaşmak mümkündür. Hellenlerin ilk kez garos adındaki balığı kullanarak garumu ürettikleri iddia edilmiştir. Takip eden süreçte garum, Romalılar tarafından da benimsenmiş olup, ismi Latince de sıvılaşmak anlamına gelen liquamen olarak değiştirilmiştir. Antik Anadolu, Hellen ve Roma halkları tarafından uzun yıllar boyunca severek tüketilen garum, bazı antik dönem yazarları tarafından sıklıkla eleştirilmiştir. Genellikle Romalı olmayan girişimciler tarafından üretilen garum, dönemin ticaret rotaları kullanılarak imparatorluğun en ücra köşelerine kadar ulaştırılmıştır. Batı Roma İmparatorluğu’nun yıkılışı sonrasında Avrupa’da garum üretimi ve tüketimi son bulmuşsa da Doğu Roma’nın egemenliğindeki topraklarda bir müddet daha popülerliğini korumuştur.
DETECTION OF GLYCINE AND SEROTONIN NEUROTRANSMITTERS BY HEXAGONAL BORON NITRIDE 2-D NANOSHEET
Authors:   Department of Physics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh., Islam Shariful , Tanvir Ahmed Mohammad ,   Department of Physics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh., Ahmed Farid ,   Department of Physics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh.
Published: July 2022

Neurotransmitters, called as chemical messengers, play a significant role in human body by transmitting message or signal between neurons or neurons to muscles, and their disorder badly affects the human body. In this study we have analyzed the sensing capability ofhexagonal boron nitridenanosheet (BNNS), which is of great interest because of their remarkable physical and chemical properties, to detect several neurotransmitters like glycineand serotonin. Structuraland electronic properties of the materials have been calculated using density functional theory analysis by Gaussian09 package. A significant change has been observed inhexagonal boron nitridesheet when neurotransmitters come in contact with this. This study will be helpful for the detection of the chemical messengers in human body.
THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON THE GENERAL POPULATIONREGARDINGSOCIAL AND DAILY HABITS IN SAUDI ARABIA
Authors:   Family Medicine Academy, King Saud Medical City (KSMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., I. Alqassemi Shatha , N. Alazmi Noor ,   Family Medicine Academy, King Saud Medical City (KSMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., M. Alanazi Seham ,   Family Medicine Academy, King Saud Medical City (KSMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., M. AlBatly Latifah ,   Family Medicine Academy, King Saud Medical City (KSMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., D. Alsuwaidan Salem ,   Deputy Director of Research and Innovation Center, Head of Scienceand Technology, King Saud Medical City (KSMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Published: July 2022

The lockdown imposed around the world significantlyaffected the physical activity and dietary behaviorsof most citizens in an unhealthy manner. We aimed to identify the implications of COVID-19 on the social and daily lifestyle.The satisfaction rate was measured from the aspects ofjob category, educational level,and income. Overall,all participants were very satisfied during the curfewhowever , a higher percentage of participants with a higher educationwere dissatisfied with their level of exercise. The rate of dissatisfaction in exercise, weight gain, and activities outside the home was significantly higher than those who were dissatisfied .The overall satisfaction was fair for most areas related to income, education, sleep, exercise, weight stability, activities outside the home, and travel within and outside the country. Family satisfaction showed the most agreement asfamilies that became closer during the curfew. Exercise, weight gain, and activities outside the home gave the least satisfaction among the Saudi community.
The effect of profitability and bank size on firm value sustainability: The mediating role of capital structure
Authors: Linawati Nanik , Moeljadi M. , Djumahir  , Aisjah Siti
Published: July 2022

Sustainable firm value is the central concept for corporations, including the banking industry. This study examines the effect of profitability and bank size on firm value through capital structure. This study surveyed six banks registered in BUKU 4-member commercial banks operating in Indonesia that have been listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange and implemented digital banking practices from 2007 to 2019. The six banks are Bank Mandiri, Bank Rakyat Indonesia, Bank Negara Indonesia, Bank Central Asia, Bank CIMB Niaga, and Bank Panin. Data collection is carried out by tracing the banks’ reports from the Bloomberg system terminal. Data analysis used a two-stage least squares technique. The results showed that profitability negatively and significantly affected the capital structure with a coefficient of –0.374. Moreover, bank size influences the capital structure with a negative coefficient value of –0.334. In addition, profitability positively affects firm value with a coefficient value of 0.387. Furthermore, bank size influences capital structure with a beta coefficient value of 0.158. Finally, the bank size affects firm value with a coefficient value of –0.419. These findings provide an insight for bank management to enhance firm value by assessing profitability, bank size, and capital structure. This study also contributes to the ongoing research in financial management.
Effect of data aggregation on the delay of demand-response communications within a Wi-Fi home area network with and without other traffic
Authors:   Department of Computing, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Mihintale, Sri Lanka, Weerakoon N. S. , Liyanage K. M. ,   Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
Published: July 2022

Home area networks play an important role in the demand-response function of smart grids. It is responsible for responding to requests received from the grid by controlling the devices in the home in a predefined manner. Communication within a Home Area Network should be efficient in terms of both delay and energy. Delay matters since the devices need to respond to the request within the stipulated delay. Energy matters since thousands of Home Area Networks are likely to create a significant energy footprint on the global level. In order to reduce energy consumption, the number of communications needs to be reduced and data aggregation can achieve this goal. However, data aggregation introduces a prolonged delay and may thus render the system unfit for its purpose. Therefore, it is required to determine the variation of delay when data aggregation is performed at different levels. This paper presents algorithms for data aggregation and device clustering optimization. Finally, the delay distribution was studied in a simulation environment with one level of data aggregation. The results show that an existing Wi-Fi network can be used for Smart Grid communications with in-network data aggregation provided that there is a spare (unused) bandwidth of 3 Mbit/s in the network.
"Lord, Help me to Pass the exam": Orthodox Practices of Soviet Pupils in the 1940s-1960s
Authors:   Regional Open Social Institute, Apanasenok Alexander V.
Published: July 2022

The relevance of the research topic is due to the need to reflect the process of functioning and reproduction of traditional legal culture in the USSR in the humanities, as well as the importance of an adequate academic understanding of the spiritual world of the "Soviet person". The purpose of the paper is understanding the phenomenon of mass involvement of Soviet pupils (schoolchildren, students of colleges and universities) in Orthodox practices in the 1940s-1960s. Objectives: analysis of the the extent of the spread of Orthodox practices among Soviet youth in the post-war decades; studying the forms of participation of schoolchildren and students in the church life of the period under review; identification of the degree of stability of these forms in conditions of state opposition to the development of confessional culture. Methods. The main methods that were used in the course of the research were historical-analytical, historical-genetic and historical-statistical methods, as well as elements of micro-historical analysis. Results. The paper shows that the degree of familiarization of Soviet pupils with Orthodox practices in the 1940s-1960s was significantly higher than Soviet propaganda tried to imagine. Church services were attended not only by representatives of the older generation, in the post-war decades they were actively attended by school-age children and students. In places where was a clear shortage of Orthodox priests and churches, young people were involved in spontaneous practices of a folk worship. Conclusions. The paper concludes that the main moments of the transfer of confessional traditions to children and young people in the USSR were religious holidays, primarily Christmas, Epiphany, Easter. The Day of Knowledge also had a religious dimension for some schoolchildren. State policy had a significant impact on the forms of introducing children and young people to church life. The anti-religious actions of the authorities reduced the level of pupils' presence in the public church space, but did not destroy the interest of young people in Orthodox culture. An important role in maintaining this interest was played by the semi-patriarchal way of life that persisted in many Soviet families in the post-war decades.
Complaints of Soldiers' Families of the Voronezh Province Against the Actions of the County Zemstvos During the Russian-Japanese War of 1904-1905
Authors:   Kursk Regional Museum of Local History ang Geography, Chubarov Aleksei I.
Published: July 2022

Relevance. Currently, the charity of the families of the lower ranks called up for mobilization during the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905 is a poorly studied topic in Russian historical science. This article is intended to identify and summarize the complaints of the peasants of the Voronezh province about the illegal, in their opinion, activities of the county zemstvos when assigning payments to their families that are required by law. The purpose of the study is to consider the reasons for rejecting applications for assigning food allowances to families of lower ranks. The objectives is to study the practical application of the "Temporary Rules on the recognition of families of re-serve ranks and soldiers of the state militia called up for service in wartime" on the territory of the Voronezh province. Metodology. The methodological basis of the research is general scientific (analysis, synthesis, generalization) and special historical methods (system and comparative historical method). Results. The first mass application of the "Temporary Rules..." of June 25, 1877 occurred in the Russian Empire during the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905. Then, due to the system of private mobilization, spare senior service members who had large families were called up to the army. Local funds, which were supposed to compensate for the absence of the head of the family and the breadwinner, were usually not enough for the family of the lower rank. Therefore, the local authorities sought to interpret the provisions of the law in their own way, which led to a mass of complaints about the actions of the county zemstvos. Conclusions. When assigning a food allowance to the families of the mobilized lower ranks, the district zemstvos of the Voronezh province often sought to reduce the number of people being looked after, which caused protest moods among the soldiers and dissatisfaction with the actions of the Zemstvo from the lower ranks.
Historiography of the Problem of Legal Regulation of Forest Management in Russian Law in the 19th – Early 20th Centuries
Authors:   Southwest State University, Nikiforov Sergey A.
Published: July 2022

Relevance. Several major reforms were carried out in the forestry law of Russia in a short period of time. None of them gave a positive result. At the moment, the state has set itself the goal of developing a new concept of forest management and use of forest resources. The use of the relevant experience accumulated by domestic jurisprudence seems appropriate and even necessary. The Purpose. To study the dominant theoretical concepts in the works of Russian legal scholars of the historical period under consideration, as well as their views on the formation and development of legislation regulating forest management in Russia. Objectives: analysis of research in the field of forest law, published in the 19th - early 20th centuries; assessment of the degree of study of the problem of legal regulation of forest use. Methodology. The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism and objectivity. The method-ological basis of the study is a systematic approach. The comparative-historical method is used, makes it possible to investigate the available sources in close connection with the and the method of logical analysis. Results. The first scientific works in the field of Russian forest law research appeared in the first half of the 19th century. Since that time, the development of legal concepts for the use of forest resources on the basis of the principle of continuity continued until 1917, when new approaches to the state structure radically changed the direction of development of forestry law. Conclusion. During the XIX - early XX centuries. Russian science has gone from a simple description of the facts of the formation and development of legislation in the field of forest resources use to a theoretical substantiation of the state forest policy. Research of foresters and jurists of the XIX - early XX centuries. have not lost their relevance to this day and can be used to improve the legal mechanism for the rational use of forests in modern Russia.
The Role of M. D. Butin (1835-1907) in Introducing the Inhabitants of Baikal Siberia to Art in the Second Half of the 19th – early 20th Centuries
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Tkachev Vitaliy V.
Published: July 2022

The relevance of the article lies in the analysis of archival documents that reveal the life and work of M. D. Butin (1835-1907), the history of the creation of an art collection in the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries. The presented materials have not been published or analyzed by domestic researchers. The work confirms that M. D. Butin participated in creating favorable conditions for acquaintance of residents with objects of art. The study allows to reveal the meaningful side of artistic events in the cities of Baikal Siberia. The purpose of the work is to determine the role of M. D. Butin in introducing the inhabitants of Baikal Siberia to art in the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries. The objectives of this work are: on the basis of documents from the State Archives of the Irkutsk region to ana-lyze articles and notes in city newspapers, posters, announcements about the life and work of M. D. Butin; to highlight the difficulties and peculiarities in the process of creating an art collection of the Nerchinsk merchant. Methodology. The article is based on the principles of historicism, consistency and scientific objectivity. Histor-ical-genetic and problem-chronological methods are used. Results. The study, based on the materials of the State Archives of the Irkutsk Region, reconstructs the history of the creation of the art collection of M. D. Butin in the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries. It was noted that Mikhail Dmitrievich supported the activities of public organizations, scientific expeditions, art exhibitions and other educational events in the region. Conclusions. As a result of the study, it was proved that the activities of M. D. Butin influenced the process of familiarizing residents with art objects in Baikal Siberia in the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries. The article analyzes the content of previously unexplored historical sources, which makes it possible to consider the social activities of M. D. Butin, the history of the creation of an art collection from different angles.
The Uniform and Insignia of the Committee of Sea Excursions in the Early Twentieth Century
Authors:   Voronezh State Agrarian University named after Emperor Peter I, Lysak Tatyana N.
Published: July 2022

The relevance f the article is that after the defeat in the Russo-Japanese war of 1904 – 1905, state and public figures began to look for further ways for the full-fledged development of the Russian Imperial Fleet. Before the First World War, a number of public naval organizations were formed in Russia: the Fleet Renewal League, the Society of Fleet Officers, the Russian Maritime Union. The purpose of the article is to analysis of the reasons for the creation of uniforms and insignia for conducting training cruises and celebrations by the board of the Committee of Sea Excursions in the early twentieth century. Objectives: with the help of the documents of the Russian Archive of the Navy (RGA of the Navy), to analyze the process of creating uniforms and insignia for members and students of the public naval organization; to consider the activities of the Committee of Sea Excursions aimed at the implementation of educational programs for teaching secondary school students the basics of naval affairs; to analyze the measures taken by the naval public organization to popularize knowledge about the sea among the residents of the Russian provinces. Methodology. The work used traditional and general scientific methods together with an istrico-situational ap-proach in the study of the features of uniforms and insignia of the Russian public naval organization in the early twentieth century. Results. As a result, the following are characterized: uniforms for the command staff of the lower ranks, uniforms for the command staff of training vessels, uniforms for pupils in training swimming, uniforms for tourists in training swimming, an award system of insignia, award personal diplomas and special award pennants for small-sized watercraft. This shows the goals that the board of the Excursions Committee had when forming the system of uniforms and insignia at the beginning of the twentieth century. The conclusions. The formed system of uniforms and insignia was supposed to attract new lovers of studying maritime affairs to the ranks of the Russian public naval organization for the purpose of their subsequent professional orientation.
Children's Music Schools of Middle Volga in the 50s – 60s of the XX Century
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University I. N. Ulyanova, Suetin Ilya N.
Published: July 2022

Relevance. In the Russian Federation at the present stage, a number of problems in the educational sphere are not resolved, in particular, at the level of institutions of additional education of children and adults. Progressive changes in this area can help study and further implementation in the practice of the experience of previous generations. The purpose of this article consists in the historical reconstruction of the characteristics of the organization and functioning of children's music schools of the Middle Volga region in the 1950s – 1960s. The objectives of the study: to analyze the regulatory legal acts in the field of domestic education as a whole and musical education for the 1950s – 1960s in general, in particular; explore published and unpublished materials containing information on the peculiarities of organizing educational activities and the educational process in children's Middle Volga Schools in the 1950s – 1960s; to identify the effectiveness of the functioning of children's music schools of the Middle Volga region in the 1950s – 1960s. Materials and methodology. Source research base includes published materials (regulatory legal acts, collec-tions of documents, scientific works) and archives materials. The paper used scientific methods characteristic of his-torical research: historical and genetic, comparative historical and other. Results. The study showed that in the 1950s – 1960s, an educational and educational process was carried out at high levels of the Middle Volga region at a high level. The study of published sources and archival documents made it possible to reveal the effectiveness of the functioning of children's music schools in the 1950s – 1960s. Conclusion. The results of the study may act as a basis for further studying the problem of organizing and de-veloping music and educational institutions in Russia and serve as an improvement in the system of musical education in certain regions of the country at the present stage, taking into account historical experience.
The Formation of a Unified Labor School in Russia 1918–1922 (Based on the Materials of the State Archive of the Kursk Region)
Authors:   Southwest State University, Solovyanova Marina V.
Published: July 2022

The relevance of the study is to show the positive experience of the formation of a labor school in Russia. It has a theoretical and practical orientation, because, firstly, this issue has not been thoroughly investigated before and, secondly, the modern school has obvious problems with the organization of labor education. The positive experience of training and labor education in 1918-1922 will allow us to find a solution to today's problems. The purpose of the article is to study the formation of the unified labor school of Kursk province in accordance with the Regulations on the unified labor school and the Basic Principles of the unified labor school. The objectives follow from the purpose of the article and are to reveal the historical conditions of the formation of a unified labor school after October 1917, to characterize the labor method of education, to analyze the organization of the training system in a unified labor school in accordance with the normative documents of the Soviet government. Methodology. The work is based on methods of analysis and synthesis, as well as historical-comparative, his-torical-legal, historical-pedagogical methods. Results. Kursk province, with the advent of Soviet power, actively joined in large-scale changes in the field of education. During the construction of the education system from a "clean slate", there were many problems associated with the devastation and famine in the conditions of the civil war and the policy of war communism. One of the main methods of training was the labor method. The organization of work in the school was built according to the individual characteristics and age of students. Conditions for agricultural work were created at schools. Conclusions. The experience of creating and operating a unified labor school had a positive result. The principles of the labor school laid down in the first years of Soviet power expanded in subsequent years. Labor has firmly entered the system of values of Soviet schoolchildren. The positive experience of education and upbringing in 1918-1922 is still relevant today.
On the Question of the Means Affecting the Achievement of the Effectiveness of Criminal Procedural Activity
Authors:   South Ural State University (National Research University), Darovskikh Olga I.
Published: July 2022

The relevance of the chosen topic is due to the absence in the doctrine of scientific research related to the problems of ensuring the effectiveness of criminal procedural activity. The purpose is to identify, structure and study the means that affect the effectiveness of procedural activities in order to further optimize them. The objectives of the research are: classification of means that ensure the effectiveness of criminal procedural activity; development and justification of the feasibility of identifying several levels at which the tasks of ensuring the effectiveness of procedural activities are solved; characteristic of each level. Methodology. The methodological basis of the research was formed by the method of dialectical cognition; specific sociological methods: questioning, observation; method of system-structural analysis; and etc. Results. 4 levels were identified and substantiated, on the basis of which the means that affect the effectiveness of criminal procedural activity are manifested - this is the scientific level, legislative, law enforcement and personal. Conclusions. The scientific level, in the author's opinion, is manifested in the development of a scientific concept of the organization of criminal proceedings, as well as in the development and application of scientific achievements that are in demand in practice, their substantiation and adaptation in criminal procedural activities. The legislative level of ensuring the effectiveness of the criminal procedure is formed both from the development by the legislator of an impeccable legal framework, and the formation of the legal positions of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation and the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation regarding controversial issues of interpretation of certain norms of the law and their compliance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation, as well as the correctness of application. The law enforcement level covers the means and methods, as well as the organizational aspects of criminal procedure. The author substantiates his opinion that law enforcement should contain a stage of execution of decisions to the extent that criminal procedural issues are resolved. The personal level is the conscious activity of the participants in criminal proceedings, based on their knowledge, will, motivation for their actions and decisions, as well as psychological and moral attitudes.
Social policy in Germany
Authors:   State Academic University for the Humanities, Podolskiy Vadim A.
Published: July 2022

Relevance. German social policy solutions became an example for imitation for other countries, including Russia, and are usually considered to be a standard due to their coverage and efficiency. Studying the German experience is valuable for development of the political science and for reforming the social policy systems. Purpose – to describe the origins and implementation of the social state in Germany. Objectives: to present the development and functioning of the pension and medical insurance systems, unem-ployment insurance and measures of the public social support. Methodology: comparative and historical approach, analysis of legal documents and institutions. Results. The foundations of the social assistance in Germany were created in the end of the XIX century and the beginning of the XX century, with introduction of programs of insurance funding for medical expenses and old-age and disability pensions, followed by unemployment insurance. The system operates for more than a century and effectively accomplishes the task of risk pooling, and it mainly relies on self-government. In the second half of the XX century the law that regulated the social assistance in Germany was extended significantly, the burden on the budget increased, as well as size of the insurance contributions. Citizens obtained the right for family benefits, the role of the housing benefits, unemployment and low-income support was increased. In the end of the XX century Germany introduced insurance to fund the long-term care. Conclusion. A developed system of social support exists in Germany, it relies on centuries-old traditions of local and corporative mutual help, with coordination and subsidies coming from the federal centre. The most powerful elements of the German social policy, which secure its’ efficiency, are historically established self-government and soli-darity