bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fault Zones and Stress Fields in the Sedimentary Fill of Lake Baikal: Tectonophysical Approach for Seismic and Hydroacoustic Data Interpretation
Authors: Seminsky К.Zh. , Cheremnykh A.S. , Khlystov O.M. , Akhmanov G.G.
Published: July 2022

—This paper presents a schematic summary of comprehensive analysis of seismic, reflection profiling, and hydroacoustic data on faults which caused sediment deformation in the central segment of the Central Baikal basin. According to the tectonophysical analysis results, the fault pattern within sediment fill has been recognized as zone-block, i.e., it represents a network of high-density fracture zones limiting weakly deformed blocks. The structure of large NE-trending fault zones (Olkhon, Beregovoy, Gydratny, and Svyatoy Nos) is controlled by main fault planes (or their segments) bounded by subsidiary faults. Geomorphic expression of NW cross faults in the sedimentary cover as broad zones of smaller-scale fractures accounts for early stages of the evolution of basement faults. In a longitudinal direction, they divide the basin into large fragments. The zone–block structure of the sedimentary strata was developed in different stress regimes: strike-slip and extension at the early and late orogenic rifting stages, respectively. At the modern stage of tectogenesis, the established network of fault zones controls the gaseous (including hydrate formation) and seismic activity expression in the subsurface. Hydrate-bearing mud volcanoes and seeps are confined to major faults, while earthquake epicenters are confined to fault zones and form clusters at junctions of large NE-trending faults with NW-oriented extension zones and E–W left-lateral strike-slip faults.
Rare-Metal Li–F Granites in the Late Paleozoic, Early Mesozoic, and Late Mesozoic Magmatic Areas of Central Asia
Authors: Antipin V.S. , Kuzmin M.I. , Odgerel D. , Kushch L.V. , Sheptyakova N.V.
Published: July 2022

—In the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, Li–F granites formed in magmatic areas of different ages within a wide time interval, 321–134 Ma. The Li–F granites compose large multiphase plutons (Janchivlan and Baga-Gazriin Chuluu) and small intrusions, have specific mineralogic and geochemical characteristics, and show enrichment in Sn, W, Li, Rb, Ta, and Nb, thus forming concentrated mineralization at the late magmatic and postmagmatic stages. The late Paleozoic and Mesozoic small intrusions (Kharagul, Urugudei, Bezymyanka, Henteyn, and Turga) are high-alkali Li–F granites enriched in Zr, Nb, Hf, Th, U, and REE, which differ from ore-bearing Li–F granites in mineral assemblages and geochemical features. Such granites can be classified as an individual subtype of rare-metal granites. Irrespective of geochemical characteristics, the Li–F granites of the studied provinces in Central Asia are geochemically different from typical collision-related granites resulting from the melting of the upper continental crust. It is shown that the formation of rare-metal magmas with different geochemical characteristics is related to the mantle–crust interaction. The geochemical evolution of Li–F granites is significantly contributed to by the activity of mantle fluids containing trace elements and by the differentiation of granitic magma in the crustal intermediate chambers, which is favorable for the formation of associated rare-metal mineralization.
Philosophical Significance of the Mirror Metaphor in the Anonymous Treatise on Mass (Manuscript BSB München Cgm 89)
Authors: Simonian Arina V.
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to a detailed analysis of mirror metaphor in an anonymous late-14th-century vernacular theological and philosophical treatise, written in Bavarian dialect and known as “The Mystical Treatise on Mass and Its Influences on a Loving Soul’’. It is preserved as manuscript Cgm 89 in the Bavarian State Library (BSB) in Munich. This text has never been edited critically and still remains unpublished. As a result of its historical and philosophical analysis, the author of this study offers a hypothesis, that “mirror” is used in the treatise not only as a typical metaphor, but also as a term that reflects the teaching presented in this text.
Concepts of the Divine in the Works of B.K.S. Iyengar as a Reflection of the Ideas of the Founders of Neo-Vedanta
Authors: Zhukova Liubov E.
Published: July 2022

The article discusses concepts of the Divine in the works of the modern yoga school founder, B.K.S. Iyengar. The center of interest is the basic accents put by Iyengar on various aspects of the Divine. The author gives the comparative analysis of the ideas about the Divine of Iyengar and founders of neo-vedanta and the world-famous reformers of Hinduism, such as Ram Mohan Rai, Swami Dayananda, Ramakrishna Paramahamsa and Swami Vivekananda. To disclose the specifics of views on the problems of the search for and knowledge of God, the presentation of proofs of the existence of God, the relationship between God and the soul the methods of historic-philosophical reconstruction and comparative analysis were used. The author shows that it is impossible to determine whether Iyengar's teaching belongs to a particular school of Vedanta. Iyengar’s beliefs share the views of the Advaita Vedanta and Vishishta Advaita philosophers. The conclusion that Iyengar philosophical views are an uncritical mixing of the ideas of Western and Eastern religious and philosophical teachings and continue the Neo-Vedanta tradition is done.
Discourse about Russia and the Problem of the Social Ideal in P.B. Struve’s Works of the 1930s
Authors: Zhukova Olga A.
Published: July 2022

The article actualizes the philosophical discourse about Russia in the heritage of P.B. Struve as well as it opens a discussion about the social ideal in his creative work. This question is formulated in a theoretical and historical-philosophical way. In our opinion, today it is necessary to return to the problem of the social ideal which was posed by Struve and the authors of his circle, considering it in a cultural-historical and epistemological perspective. The topic of the social ideal is of decisive importance in P.B. Struve’s philosophical and journalistic texts devoted to Russia. The ideological and political struggle of the thinker is essentially a struggle for great Russia. The desired image of a better Russia is the ideal-forming beginning of his philosophical work and the main motive of his political activity. The purpose of the article is to conceptualize the problem of the social ideal in Struve’s works of the 1930s based on the reconstruction of the social and cultural-historical aspects of his political and philosophical concept as well as to identify continuity in the development of the idea of Great Russia in the pre-revolutionary and emigrant period.
Effectiveness of Solution-Focused Counseling Therapy on Pregnancy Anxiety and Fear of Childbirth: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Mortazavi Forough , Mehrabadi Maryam , karrabi Razieh
Published: July 2022

Background & Aim: Fear of childbirth and pregnancy anxiety may affect the desire for normal delivery. No study has investigated the effectiveness of solution-focused counseling on either pregnancy anxiety or all factors comprising fear of childbirth. We aimed to investigate the effects of solution-focused counseling in reducing pregnancy anxiety and fear of childbirth.Methods and materials: This randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 121 nulliparous women in 2019. Participants with moderate to severe fear of childbirth were randomly divided into the intervention and control groups. The intervention group participated in five solution-focused counseling sessions. Before and after the intervention, women filled the anxiety scale for pregnancy (ASP) and the Wijma Delivery Expectancy Questionnaire (W-DEQ). Data were analysed using t-test, paired t-test, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).Results: The two groups did not differ in terms of demographic and obstetric variables and pregnancy anxiety pretest scores (P>0.05). The means of the posttest total scores and the means of scores for all five factors of the ASP were significantly lower in the intervention group than the control group (p<0.001). The adjusted means of total scores and the adjusted means of scores for all six factors of the WDE-Q were significantly lower in the intervention group than the control group (p<0.001).Conclusions: The solution-focused counseling reduced pregnancy anxiety and fear of childbirth in women participating in counseling sessions in comparison with the controls. Solution-focused counseling therapy sessions should be held for women with pregnancy anxiety and fear of childbirth.
T2-star (T2*) -weighted magnetic resonance imaging of tenosynovial giant cell tumors
Authors: Sakamoto Akio , Noguchi Takashi , Matsuda Shuichi
Published: July 2022

Objective Tenosynovial giant cell tumors (TSGCTs) are benign but aggressive lesions. Low to intermediate signal intensity on both T1- and T2-weighted images on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is characteristic, possibly reflecting hemosiderin deposition. T2-star (T2*)-weighted MR images reflect the paramagnetic deoxyhemoglobin, methemoglobin, or hemosiderin in the lesions and surrounding tissues. Materials and methods In 23 TSGCT patients (6 male and 17 females), the T2* MRI findings, the cystic changes confirmed on the T2-weighted image, potentially characteristic of TSGCT, were analyzed.Results The tumor locations included 10 large joints including nine knees and one ankle, 10 small joints including six fingers and four toes, and three wrists/hands. Ten diffuse and 13 localized tumors were predominantly located in the large joints and small joints, respectively. Cystic changes were seen in five (22%), predominantly in the large joints. The T2*-weighted images indicated three signal patterns of low, iso and high signal intensity compared to muscle. The low-, iso- and high-signal intensities were seen in 22 (96%), 23 (100%) and 12 (52%) of the locations, respectively. To distinguish TSGCTs from the surrounding tissue, the low intensity T2*-weighted images and low to intermediate intensity T1-weighted images when compared to muscle and fluid, respectively were useful for the large joints. Low to intermediate intensity on T1- or T2-weighted images was useful to distinguish TSGCTs from subcutaneous tissue in the small joints.Discussion MRI using T2*-, as well as T1 and T2-weighted images, is useful to assess the extent of TSGCTs within tissue, which is important for surgical planning.Institutional Review Board ApprovalThis report has been approved by the institutional review board of our institution (R2499).
Can aivo Intervention with Artificial Intelligence Alleviate Medical Trauma in Children?
Authors: Tanaka Kyoko , Hayakawa Maoko , Noda Chihiro , Nakamura Akio , Akiyama Chieko
Published: July 2022

Background: Procedures and actions such as injections and immobilization cause distress to children. In the pediatric field, there is a need for interventions and support to alleviate the pain and distress caused by such medical procedures. In recent years, the introduction of robots as a means of distraction has begun to be attempted. Methods: In this study, we conducted a non-randomized controlled trial to examine the effect of intervention using ‘aibo’, a dog-like robot which has artificial intelligence (AI), to promote distraction in children after vaccination. Children between the ages of 3 and 12 years old eligible for the Japanese encephalitis vaccine, and their caregivers were assigned to intervention group or control group. Then, children evaluated their pain and children’s behavior were observed by observer. The mean values of Faces pain rating scale scores and observer pain scale scores were compared between groups using an unpaired t-test.Results: Fifty-seven children (32 in the intervention group) participated in the study. Results of a t-test with the control group showed that the intervention group using aibo had significantly less pain following the post-vaccination intervention than the control group using stuffed dog (Face Scale, t(55) = 2.582, p = .0125; Behavioral Observation Scale, t(55) = 2.772, p = .00759). The results support the hypothesis that the aibo intervention group will be less distressed and able to calm down more quickly after vaccination than the control group. Conclusion: Interactive communicative play intervention by an artificially intelligent aibo before and after painful and frightening medical procedures may alleviate fear and anxiety and prevent medical trauma in children.
KDM6B promotes gastric carcinogenesis and metastasis via upregulation of CXCR4 expression
Authors: Jia Jihui , Liu Fen , Wang Yue , Yang Zongcheng , Cui Xiujie , Zheng Lixin , Fu Yue , Shao Wei , Zhang Lu , Yang Qing
Published: July 2022

KDM6B (Lysine-specific demethylase 6B) is a histone lysine demethyltransferase that plays a key role in many types of cancers. However, its potential role in gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. Here, we focused on the clinical significance and potential role of KDM6B in GC. We found that the KDM6B expression is upregulated in GC tissues and that its high expression in patients is related to poor prognosis. KDM6B ectopic expression promotes GC cells’ proliferation and metastasis, while its inhibition has opposite effects in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, KDM6B promotes GC cells proliferation and metastasis through its enzymatic activity through the induction of H3K27me3 demethylation near the CXCR4 (C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4) promoter region, resulting in the upregulation of CXCR4 expression. Furthermore, H. pylori was found to induce KDM6B expression. In conclusion, our results suggest that KDM6B is aberrantly expressed in GC and plays a key role in gastric carcinogenesis and metastasis through CXCR4 upregulation. Our work also suggests that KDM6B may be a potential oncogenic factor and a therapeutic target for GC.
Microbial exposure risk assessment of urban wastewater by irrigation of agricultural products
Authors: Ghafuri Yadollah. , Yari Ahmad Reza. , Shams Saeed. , Aali Rahim
Published: July 2022

BackgroundThis study was designed to investigate microbial exposure risk assessment and consequences of adverse health effects due to the use of irrigation of fields with wastewater in Qom province MethodsEnvironmental monitoring program for 3 pathogens including Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae and Ecoli O157 in raw sewage and treated wastewater and irrigated products with wastewater, was performed.Results Results was shown that in the raw wastewater, concentrations of E.coli, Vibrio Cholerae and E.coli O157:H7, 3.4×103±500, 2.1×103±100 and 312 respectively were determined. Concentrations of E.coli, Vibrio Cholerae and E.coli O157:H7 in wastewater effluent 2.1×103±100, 0.8×103±100 and 176 respectively were determined. Based on these findings, it is determined that the conventional wastewater treatment system has been effective in removing E.coli, Vibrio Cholerae and E.coli O157: H7 by 50%, 59% and 43%, respectively. Irrigated crops with wastewater effluent containing 400±250, 0.1×103±0.019 and 52 for E.coli, Vibrio Cholerae and E.coli O157:H7 respectively were measured. In this study according to the exposure scenarios including accidental drinking, food crop consumption, dermal contact by wastewater effluent and dermal contact by raw wastewater, total annual Probability of infection in studied population for E.coli, Vibrio Cholerae and E.coli O157:H7, 8×10-2, 8×10-4 and 0.17 respectively was determined. ConclusionsImplementing of wastewater safety plans (WWSP) to safeguard wastewater quality, raising awareness in the population in contact with urban wastewater and upgrading wastewater treatment plants is inevitable.
Nacre extract from pearl oyster shell prevents D-galactose-induced brain and skin aging
Authors: Yamamoto Hana , Shimomura Nanami , Oura Kazuma , Hasegawa Yasushi
Published: July 2022

Pearl oyster shells comprise two layers, a prismatic and nacreous layer, of calcium carbonate. The nacreous layer has been used in Chinese medicine since ancient times. In this study, we investigated the effects of the extract from the nacreous layer of pearl oysters (nacre extract) on D-galactose-induced brain and skin aging. Treatment with nacre extract led to the recovery of D-galactose-induced memory impairment, as examined using the Barnes maze, novel object recognition, and Y-maze tests. A histological study showed that nacre extract suppressed D-galactose-induced neuronal cell death and the expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)-associated X protein (Bax), which causes apoptosis in the hippocampus. In addition, the expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, which counteracts age-related brain dysfunction, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent deacetylase (sirtuin 1), which delays aging and extends lifespan, increased after nacre extract treatment. Moreover, the nacre extract showed antiaging effects against D-galactose-induced skin aging; it suppressed D-galactose-induced wrinkle formation, decreased skin moisture, decreased epidermal thickness, and destroyed collagen arrangement associated with aging. Furthermore, the nacre extract suppressed oxidative stress associated with aging in the brain and skin by upregulating the expression of catalase and superoxide dismutase. The expression level of the cellular senescence marker p16, which is induced by oxidative stress, was elevated in the hippocampus and skin epidermal layer of D-galactose-treated mice, and it was suppressed by the administration of nacre extract. These results show that the nacre extract can suppress D-galactose-induced aging by enhancing antioxidant activity and suppressing p16 expression. Thus, the nacre extract may be an effective antiaging agent.
Dasabuvir suppresses esophageal squamous cell carcinoma growth in vitro and in vivo through targeting ROCK1
Authors: Liu Xinning , Jiang Yanan , Zhou Hao , Li Mingzhu , Bao Zhuo , Wang Zitong , Zhang Chenyang , Xie Zhenliang , Zhao Jimin , Dong Zigang , Guo Zhiping , Liu Kangdong
Published: July 2022

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is an upper gastrointestinal cancer with high morbidity and mortality. New strategies are urgently needed to prolong patients’ survival. Through screening of FDA-approved drugs, we found dasabuvir, a drug approved for hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment, suppresses ESCC proliferation. Dasabuvir could inhibit the growth of ESCC cells in a time and dose-dependent manner and arrested cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase. The antitumor activity was further validated in vivo using a patient-derived xenograft tumor model in mice. In terms of mechanism, we unveiled that dasabuvir is a Rho-associated protein kinase 1 (ROCK1) inhibitor. Dasabuvir can bind to ROCK1 and suppress its kinase activity, thus downregulating phosphorylation of ERK1/2 by ROCK1 and expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and cyclin D1. These results provide evidence that dasabuvir suppresses ESCC growth in vivo and in vitro through blocking ROCK1/ERK signaling pathway.
Stakeholder views on informed consent models for future use of biological samples in Malawi and South Africa
Authors: Masiye Francis , Rennie Stuart , Jaoko Walter
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND
Current advances in biomedical research have introduced new ethical challenges in obtaining informed consent in low and middle- income settings. Few studies have explored preferred informed consent models for future use of biological samples in Malawi and South Africa. Therefore, we conducted an empirical study to understand preferred consent models among key stakeholders in clinical studies that involve collection of biological samples in Malawi and South Africa. The main objective of the study was to explore views of key stakeholders on current policies on informed consent in Malawi and South Africa.
METHODS
This was a qualitative study involving in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Thirty-four in-depth interviews and 6 focus group discussions were conducted with REC members, Funders, Policymakers, CAB members and Research Participants in Malawi and South Africa to gather their views on models of informed consent. The study was conducted in Cape Town, South Africa, and Blantyre and Lilongwe in Malawi.
RESULTS
Most key stakeholders preferred broad consent and tiered consent to specific consent. Some participants expressed a strong preference for specific consent for future use of biological samples. Few participants did not have any preference for a consent model, opting for any consent model which provides adequate information about the proposed study and what their national consent regulations require. Finally, very few participants preferred blanket consent to other consent models.
CONCLUSIONS
This study aimed to help fill the gap in the scientific literature on key stakeholder views on consent models for future use of biological samples in Malawi and South Africa. The findings of the study have provided evidence to support policies on permissible consent models for future use of biological samples in sub-Saharan Africa considering the differences in informed consent regulations and guidelines. Finally, the findings can inform ongoing discussions on permissible consent models to be used for future use of biological samples.
Knowledge About Schizophrenia Test: The Chinese Mandarin version and its sociodemographic and clinical factors
Authors: Wang Ming , Zhao Miaomiao , Zhang Wufang , Li Wenxiu , He Rui , Ding Ruoxi , He Ping
Published: July 2022

Background
Schizophrenia is a chronic, complex, and severe mental disorder and its knowledge can help improve patient adherence to treatment. This study aims to translate the Knowledge About Schizophrenia Test (KAST) into a Chinese Mandarin version and test it among caregivers to validate its reliability and reproducibility, as well as to determine its associated sociodemographic factors and clinical factors.
Methods
The project surveyed 160 patients with schizophrenia and their caregivers at four community health facilities in Beijing, China, from January 2022 to February 2022. All patients and caregivers completed the sociodemographic questionnaire, and caregivers also completed the Chinese-version KAST, and 143 of these caregivers completed the Chinese-version KAST again 2–4 weeks later.
Results
The mean (SD) of the caregiver score was 11.49 (± 3.13). After item analysis, there was acceptable internal consistency among the 17 items in the Chinese version (KR-20 coefficient 0.702). The intraclass correlation coefficient in the retest (0.686) was statistically significant. Gender, educational attainment, marital status, relationship with the patient, and occupational status were associated with the KAST score.
Conclusion
The findings demonstrate that the Chinese-version KAST is a reliable and reproducible instrument that can measure knowledge about schizophrenia and is valid to be applied in schizophrenia research.
WITHDRAWN: Structural and Electrical Properties of Copper doped Alkali Borate Glasses
Authors: Srin G.
Published: July 2022

The compositional effect on Physical properties, Optical absorption and Electrical properties of glass composition xK2O - (25-x) Li2O-12.5BaO-12.5MgO-49B2O3-1CuO (x =0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25mol %) was prepared by the melt-quenching technique. From optical absorption spectra few parameters, like Urbach energy, indirect allowed, reflection loss (R), refractive index (n), molar polarizability αm molar refractivity (Rm), and theoretical optical basicity (Λth) values of prepared glass samples were measured. The values of Rm, , and (Λth) were increase with increasing of x mol%. The Eopt, R, and n values were changed very small with x mol%, which may be due to the non-bridging oxygen’s moments in the glass matrix. The FTIR spectrum of prepared borate glasses indicates that the influence of BO3 and BO4 units of boron atoms. The explicit vibrational peaks were exhibited of Li–O, K–O, Mg–O, and Ba–O bonds in glass network, and A.C conductivity study was devised to know the structural information about the glass network. The drastic change in the ionic conductivity as a function of the alkali content in the glass composition was analyzed by considering both the ionic mobility and the glass structure. Some physical, optical, and electrical values varied non-linearly with the K2O content, which may influence of non- bridging oxygen’s or mixed alkali effect.
Mechanism of different adhesive strength of chemical vapor deposition diamond coatings on WC-Co and Si3N4: from surface morphologies during growth
Authors: Cao Chongyang , Ju Fasong , Zeng Xiangyong , Cao Chenyi , Chen Naichao , He Ping
Published: July 2022

Substrate has an essential influence on the growth process of diamond grains and the quality of the diamond coating. In this paper, the diamond coatings on Co-cemented tungsten carbide (WC-Co) and silicon nitride (Si3N4) substrates were deposited by hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) technique to study the effect of growth process on adhesive strength of coating. The WC-Co and Si3N4 substrates were treated by etching and polishing process, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy were used to characterize the diamond coatings. Furthermore, the adhesive strength and tribological properties of the as-deposited diamond coatings were evaluated by indentation tests and dry sliding tests. The results showed that the diamond coating deposited on WC-Co had a considerable stronger adhesive strength and a higher friction coefficient than that on Si3N4, which may partly result from the flat surface morphologies of Si3N4 substrate that was due to no etching pretreatment. Thereafter, a novel etching method for Si3N4 surfaces by hydrofluoric acid (HF) was proposed to roughen the surface, and a new diamond coating with enhanced adhesive strength was fabricated on Si3N4. Hence, for the hard substrate, etching the surface, rather than polishing the surface, played an importance role on improving the adhesion strength of diamond coating.
Untargeted metabolic analysis revealed the role of selenium in mitigating the effects of lead stress on Vicia faba plant
Authors: Abdelsalam Asmaa , Boroujerdi Arezue , Soliman Elham R. S.
Published: July 2022

The role of selenium in plant growth and stress tolerance has inspired substantial interest in agricultural production and development, while the impact on plant metabolomes has yet to be explored. The goal of this study is to investigate the developmental and metabolome changes induced by exogenous selenium addition to improve tolerance to lead stress. To do this, Vicia faba seeds were treated with 0.1 mM sodium selenate and then the foliar sprayed with 50 mM lead nitrate. Selenium supplementation resulted in a significant boost in shoot and root growth. Based on 1H and 1H-13C heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC) NMR analysis, eighty-five metabolites have been identified in the polar extract of control, selenium, lead, and selenium plus lead treated shoots. The identified metabolites contain 40% amino acids, 11% fatty acids, 5% carbohydrates, 5% alkaloids, and 4% phenols. Lead-treated shoots (Pb, SP) displayed distinct metabolic profiles compared to control and selenium-treated shoots (quantitatively and qualitatively). Epinephrine and 3-methyladipate distinguished lead-treated samples from untreated samples. In selenium-treated samples, metabolites like trigonelline, DL-dopa, adenosine, and uridine were accumulated. Selenium plus lead-treated samples have higher levels of asparagine, phenylalanine, and xanthine. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed the presence of seventeen metabolic pathways that are significantly impacted by exogenous selenium and/or lead applications. This including, β-alanine pathway and alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism. The current findings help in recognizing the key metabolites and metabolic pathways involved in V. faba resistance to lead stress.
Clustering Analysis of Risk Factors for Non-suicidal Self-injury (NSSI) Behaviors in Adolescents
Authors: Hou Xin , Zhong Yunling , Zhao Jiayu , Luo Jing , He Jinglong , Kang Qian , Liu Lingjiang , Li Xuehua , Yu Ling , Peng Zhenglei , Tang Lei , Yong Na , Luo Jiaming
Published: July 2022

Background and Objectives: The analysis of clustering characteristics of disease risk factors makes for the formulation of corresponding prevention and control policies, but the risk factors for non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behaviors in adolescents is not covered, so this study is intended to explore the clustering characteristics of risk factors for NSSI behaviors in adolescents in the multi-center primary and secondary schools in western China.Methods: Utilising stratified and cluster sampling methods, a total of 13,784 primary and secondary school students who met the research standards were randomly selected as the survey subjects in year 2020, and the clustering situation of the seven risk factors (depression, anxiety, stress, low social support, tolerance, avoidance, and emotional venting) among the students was analyzed. The characteristics of the respondents with high clustering degree of risk factors for NSSI behaviors were also identified with the hierarchical logistic regression analysis. Results: 4.2% of the adolescents in western China were detected with NSSI behaviors in the past year; the risk factors were grouped into 4 clusters, ranging from level 0 to level 3, with each level including 7692 (55.8%), 3847 (27.9 %), 1303 (9.5%) and 941 (6.8%) of the survey subjects, respectively. The results of the Cochran-Armitage trend test analysis showed that there existed a linear trend between the clustering degree of risk factors and the detection rate of NSSI behaviors (P<0.000); according to the hierarchical logistic regression analysis, the clustering degree of risk factors for NSSI behaviors was higher in the adolescents whose parents divorced and remarried 1.22 (0.021~0.379) and whose fathers received only primary school education or below 1.23 (0.004~0.403). By contrats, the degree was lower in the adolescents who are male 0.93 (-0.133~-0.003) and had never attended boarding school 0.83 (-0.285~-0.094), whose parents were not divorced 0.80 (-0.367~-0.072), and whose fathers were farmers 0.99 (-0.136~0.123). Conclusion: The risk factors for NSSI behaviors in adolescents are in clusters. As the risk factors continue to cluster, NSSI behaviors can be detected more easily in adolescents. With respect to the endeavors to prevent and control NSSI behaviors in adolescents, more attention should be focused on the mental health of the adolescents who are female and attend boarding schools, whose parents have broken marriages, and whose fathers have low literacy.
A Deep Learning Approach to Track Arabidopsis Seedlings’ Circumnutation from Time-lapse Videos
Authors: Mao Yixiang , Liu Hejian , Wang Yao , Brenner Eric
Published: July 2022

Background: Circumnutation is the side-to-side movement common among growing plant appendages but the purpose for circumnutation is not always clear. Accurately tracking and quantifying circumnutation can help researchers to better study its underlying purpose. Results: In this paper, a deep learning-based model is proposed to track the circumnutating flowering apices in the plant Arabidopsis thaliana from time-lapse videos. By utilizing U-Net to segment the apex, and combining with the model update mechanism, pre- and post- processing steps, the proposed model significantly improves the tracking time and accuracy over other baseline tracking methods. Additionally, we evaluate the computational complexity of the proposed model and further develop a method to accelerate the inference speed of the model. The fast algorithm can track the apices in real-time on a computer without GPU. Conclusion: We demonstrate that the accuracy of tracking the flowering apices in the plant Arabidopsis thaliana can be improved with our proposed deep learning-based model. The time-lapse video dataset of Arabidopsis is also provided which can be used for future studies on Arabidopsis in various takes.
DDX41 coordinates RNA splicing and transcriptional elongation to prevent DNA replication stress in hematopoietic cells
Authors: Shinriki Satoru , Hirayama Mayumi , Nagamachi Akiko , Yokoyama Akihiko , Kawamura Takeshi , Kanai Akinori , Kawai Hidehiko , Iwakiri Junichi , Liu Rin , Maeshiro Manabu , Tungalag Saruul , Tasaki Masayoshi , Ueda Mitsuharu , Tomizawa Kazuhito , Kataoka Naoyuki , Ideue Takashi , Suzuki Yutaka , Asai Kiyoshi , Tani Tokio , Inaba Toshiya , Matsui Hirotaka
Published: July 2022

Myeloid malignancies with DDX41 mutations are often associated with bone marrow failure and cytopenia before overt disease manifestation. However, the mechanisms underlying these specific conditions remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate that loss of DDX41 function impairs efficient RNA splicing, resulting in DNA replication stress with excess R-loop formation. Mechanistically, DDX41 binds to the 5ʹ splice site (5ʹSS) of coding RNA and coordinates RNA splicing and transcriptional elongation; loss of DDX41 prevents splicing-coupled transient pausing of RNA polymerase II at 5ʹSS, causing aberrant R-loop formation and transcription-replication collisions. Although the degree of DNA replication stress acquired in S phase is small, cells undergo mitosis with under-replicated DNA being remained, resulting in micronuclei formation and significant DNA damage, thus leading to impaired cell proliferation and genomic instability. These processes may be responsible for disease phenotypes associated with DDX41 mutations.
A Novel Panel of 36 Insertion/Deletion (InDel) Markers for Human Identification
Authors: Filoglu Gonul , Duvenci Arzu , Tas Sebahat , Karadayi Huseyin , asicioglu Faruk , Bulbul Ozlem
Published: July 2022

Background: In recent years, the insertion/deletion (InDel) polymorphism has become a preferred genetic marker in forensic genetics due to its low mutation rates and small amplicon sizes. In this study, a 36-InDelplex identification panel, consisting of autosomal 34 InDel loci, 1 Y InDel locus, and amelogenin, was developed and gene frequencies in the Turkish population were determined. Methods and Results: The loci of the InDel panel with global minimum allele frequencies (MAF) ≥ 0.4 were selected from the 1000 Genomes Project Phase 3 data. The amplicon sizes of the loci were designed to be smaller than 250 bp. In the validation study of the created panel, analysis threshold, dynamic range, sensitivity, stochastic threshold, inhibitor tolerance, and reproducibility parameters were studied in accordance with the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM) guideline. The sensitivity studies indicated that complete and reliable InDel profiles could be obtained with 0.25 ng of DNA. The 36-InDelplex panel was evaluated using the 250 samples from individuals of Turkey. The mean observed heterozygosity ratio (Ho) of all loci was 0.48. Combined discrimination power (CPD) is 0.999999999999988 and combined exclusion probability (CPE) is 0.9987. The population comparison also made using Turkish and each of the five major populations 1000 Genomes Phase 3 populations’ data for each of the five major populations (i.e., African, European, East Asian, South Asian, and American). Conclusions: The results showed that the 36-InDelplex panel is a reliable, sensitive and accurate system, which is suitable for human identification and population genetics purposes.
A school-integrated physical exercise program improves motor performance of children and adolescents
Authors: Homeyer Denise , Dagdar Nima Memaran , Kück Momme , Grams Lena , Born Jeannine von der , Bauer Elena , Schwalba Martina , Kerling Arno , von Maltzahn Nadine , Albrecht Alexander , Haverich Axel , Stiesch Meike , Melk Anette , Tegtbur Uwe
Published: July 2022

Purpose: Children’s sedentary time has increased in recent years, especially during school, while daily physical activity has decreased. The lack of physical activity can contribute to a deterioration in motor performance, which is key to a healthy development. We implemented a comprehensive exercise program in the school setting. Our study aimed to evaluate this program by assessing changes in motor skills after one year and to compare these changes to children who did not participate.Methods: A total of 357 children from 5 schools were included in this observational longitudinal cohort study. Motor skills were assessed using the German Motor Test 6-18. Children were either assigned to the exercise group (EG) or waiting group (WG). The EG participated in the physical activity program for one year. Of those, a total of 303 children (EG n=183; WG n=120) completed motor tests at baseline and follow-up one year later, and comprise the study population. Linear mixed modeling was used to calculate corrected means and analyze for inter-group differences of change in motor skills after one year between the groups, and to determine the effect of sex, age group and weight category on the change in motor skills. Results: After one year of additional physical activity, the EG improved significantly more strongly in 6 out of 8 motor skill tests than the WG. After the adjustment for sex, age, and BMI the improvement is still significantly stronger in the EG in 4 of 8 motor skill tests (sprint, side jumps, both p=0.017; stand and reach, p=0.012; ergometry, p=<0.001), when compared to the WG. Girls improved more strongly in the sit-ups than boys, 2nd graders more than 5th graders in the backwards balance and the ergometry, non-overweight pupils more in the standing long jump than overweight children. Conclusions: Participating in the exercise program for one year positively influenced motor skill development in schoolchildren. Our data suggest that girls were not disadvantaged, and even improved more than boys in the sit-ups, and that overweight pupils profited as much as their non-overweight peers in all categories but one. The exercise program, simple and easily implemented into the school routine, is effective in increasing motor skills and physical fitness.
Causality methods to study the functional connectivity in brain networks: the basal ganglia – thalamus causal interactions.
Authors: Rodriguez-Sabate Clara , Gonzalez Albano , Perez-Darias Juan Carlos , Morales Ingrid , Sole Miguel , Rodriguez Manuel
Published: July 2022

This study uses methods recently developed to study the complex evolution of atmospheric phenomena which have some similarities with the dynamics of the human brain. In both cases, it is possible to record the activity of particular centers (geographic regions or brain nuclei) but not to make an experimental modification of their state. The study of “causality”, which is necessary to understand the dynamics of these complex systems and to develop robust models that can predict their evolution, is hampered by the experimental restrictions imposed by the nature of both systems. The study was performed with data obtained in the thalamus and basal ganglia of awake humans executing different tasks. Basal ganglia (BG) obtain information from all regions of the cerebral cortex and return it in a processed form to the cortical regions of origin. Cortical information reaches the BG through the striatum and is sent back to the cortex by thalamic centers. Some centers of the thalamus are critical for information processing in the BG neuronal network. The motor thalamus returns the BG information to the primary motor cortex and the intralaminar nuclei and the mediodorsal nucleus recirculate the motor information within the BG circuits, thus bypassing the brain cortex. This work studies the linear, non-linear and more complex relationships of these thalamic centers with the cortex and main BG nuclei, using three complementary techniques: the partial correlation regression method, the Gaussian process regression/distance correlation and a model-free method based on nearest-neighbor that computes the conditional mutual information.
1.6 Tbit/s OFDM WDM-PON system employing RSOA as a colorless transmitter
Authors: Alhalabi Mahmoud , Taşpınar Necmi , El-Nahal Fady
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we have evaluated a bidirectional Wavelength Division Multiplexing Passive Optical Network (WDM-PON) employing Intensity Modulated/Direct Detection Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (IM/DD-OFDM). The proposed system employs 100 Gbps 16 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (16-QAM) downstream and 5 Gbps On-Off keying (OOK) upstream wavelengths, respectively. The proposed system is considered low-cost as non-coherent IM/DD OFDM technology and a simple Reflective Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (RSOA) colorless transmitter are employed and no Dispersion Compensating Fiber (DCF) is needed. Based on the BER results of WDM signals, the proposed WDM-PON system can achieve up to 1.6 Tbit/s (100 Gbit/s/λ × 16 wavelengths) downstream transmission over a 30 km single mode fiber (SMF).
Ultracompact multifunctional metalens visor for augmented reality displays
Authors: Li Yan , Chen Shuyi , Liang Haowen , Ren Xiuying , Luo Lingcong , Ling Yuye , Liu Shuxin , Su Yikai , Wu Shin-Tson
Published: July 2022

Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) have found widespread applications in education, engineering, healthcare, and entertainment. However, these near-eye displays are often bulky and heavy, and thus are not suitable for long-term wearing. Metalenses, with an ultra-thin formfactor, subwavelength modulation scale, and high modulation flexibility, are promising candidates to replace the conventional optics in AR display systems. In this work, we proposed and fabricated a novel reflective dielectric metalens-visor based on Pancharatnam-Berry phase with see-through capability. It achieves diffraction-limited focusing behavior for the reflected red light, while keeping a good transmission spectrum in the visible region. Hence, this single piece metalens-visor can perform the function of two integrated elements simultaneously: an eyepiece and an optical combiner, which in turn greatly reduces the weight and the size of an AR display. We have implemented a proof-of-concept AR display system employing the metalens-visor, and experimentally demonstrated color AR images with good image quality. This work reveals the great potential of multi-functional metasurface devices which enables optical integration in interdisciplinary applications including wearable displays, biological imaging, and aeronautic optical instruments.
Illumination modelling for reconstructing machined surface topography
Authors: Shi Weichao , ZHENG JianMing , SHENG Qiang , WANG Qilong , WANG Lijie , LI Qi
Published: July 2022

Illumination estimation is crucial for surface detection method based on visual image reconstruction. The existing illumination models which depend on the macro-surface geometric features and reflection characteristics are difficult to accurately describe the luminance of machined surface topography with desertification fractal structure. Therefore, machined surface topography illumination model under coaxial light microscopic vision is proposed in this paper for the needs of on-line detection of complex surface and special functional surface topography in manufacturing field. Based on the light scattering theory, the luminance of surface topography is studied under the coaxial light microscopic vision, the influencing factors of luminance of surface topography are revealed, and the illumination model of machined surface topography is established. The experimental results show that the proposed illumination model has less calculation error and can more accurately describe the luminance of machined surface topography. The research results will lay a foundation for on-line detection and monitoring of machined surface.
Morphomertic analysis of sub-watersheds to evaluate relative tectonic activity. a case study of the Northeastern Algeria. (Tebessa)
Authors: Taib Hassan , Benabbas Chaouki , Khiari Abdelkader , Dinar Haythem
Published: July 2022

A neo-tectonic analysis was published using remote sensing technical and a geographical information system (GIS) to better understand the characteristics and evolution geomorphometric of the immense Morsot-Tebessa-El Hammamet watershed. This study extracted geomorphometric indices such as integral hypsometry (HI), the sinuosity of mountain fronts (Smf) and the valley width index. (Vf), and drainage anomalies by defining the Asymmetry Factor (Af) and the topographic factor (T) to analyze tectonic activity and its implications for the development of relief and flow characteristics.The extracted index data was aggregated and integrated into a GIS to create a new index named the Relative Tectonic Activity Index (IRAT). The mean of these geomorphometric indices was used to estimate the distribution of relative tectonic activity in the study area. Thus, the relative distribution of tectonic activity in this zone to determine the degree of IRAT, we created four classes: class 1 very high (1 IRAT 1.5); class 2 high (1 IRAT 1.5); class 2 medium (1.5 IRAT 1.9); and class 3 low (IRAT > 2).We were able to identify the highly deformed areas associated with active tectonic anomalies and conclude that the reactivation of underground faults, which coincides in space with the mapped faults in the outcrops activated from the since Miocene, influences the migration of sub-basin hydrographic systems in two dominant directions.The geographic correlation between these faults and subbasin geometry, the change in river sinuosity when crossing these limits, and a high concentration of tectonic lineaments along these limits all support this explanation. As a result of this research, iIt was possible to (1) determine the regions morphotectonic evolution and the correlation between the increase in this index and the degree of accentuated terrain deformation, (2) provide geometric details for some previously unknown tectonics. and (3) present a new diagram on the spatial evolution of morpho-structural structures in close relation to recent tectonic activity in the region.
Influences of High content of sodium doping at Cu site of Bi(Pb)2212
Authors: Bouaïcha Faiza , Mosbah Mohamed-Fayçal. , Ozyuzer Lutfi.
Published: July 2022

We study here, the effect of high content of sodium doping on structural and electrical properties of Bi(Pb)2212 superconducting. The X-ray analysis results showed that all the prepared samples mainly belong to the superconducting tetragonal phase Bi-(Pb)2212. SEM micrographs show that the grains are closely related and have a characteristic flat shape for the superconductor Bi (Pb) 2212. For the undoped sample, the grains are randomly distributed with a size of 5 µm. For doped samples, the morphology changes with sodium concentration. Resistivity measurements show that all samples have a superconducting character.