bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effects of family based care program on the health status of hemiplegic patients with stroke: A Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Naderipor Arsalan , Faramarzi Hadith , Jalali Amir , Salari Nader , Rezaei Jahangir
Published: February 2020

Background Stroke is a chronic disease requiring continuous and prolonged rehabilitation. A family-based care program can be an effective approach to rehabilitate the patients. This study aimed at determining the effects of family-based care program on the health status of hemiplegic patients with stroke. Methods In this clinical trial, 40 hemiplegic stroke patients were randomly selected through convenience sampling and allocated to experiment and control groups. The patients’ care providers in the experiment group received the home-based care program for four consecutive sessions (50-60min) in addition to the routine care at the time of discharge. The trainings were then performed by care givers at home for four weeks. The patients in the control group received routine cares during the discharge. The health status of patients in the both groups was evaluated using a health status questionnaire before and one months after implementing the program. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS V.21. Results The results indicated that the difference between the mean scores of the health status of the two groups was not significant before the experiment; however, it was significant after the experiment (P< 0.05). The mean scores after the experiment were significantly higher in the experiment group compared to those of the pre-intervention; this difference was not significant in the control group. Conclusion Providing home care education programs to family members and allowing them to contribute to patient care programs can increase self-care of the patients and improve their health status.
Tumor-derived exosomes induced M2 macrophage polarization and promoted the metastasis of osteosarcoma cells through Tim-3
Authors: Cheng Zhonghua , Wang Liqin , Wu Chenhuan , Huang Lin , Ruan Yuan , Xue Wei
Published: February 2020

Background: Osteosarcomas, the second most prevalent primary malignancy of the bone, are often presented with high-grade subclinical metastatic disease that metastasizes at very early stages. Exosomes, as molecular information carriers, may play a potent role in the occurrence and development of tumors through oncogenic molecular reprogramming of tumor-associated macrophage (TAM). In this study, we will investigate the effect of osteosarcoma-derived exosomes on the polarization of TAM and decipher its underlying molecular mechanism. Material and Methods: Osteosarcoma-derived exosomes from MG63 cells were isolated and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, and nano-particle size analysis. Double fluorescence staining was performed to confirm the macrophages phagocytosis of exosomes. Western blot, qRT-PCR, and transwell assays were conducted to assess the effect of exosomes on migration, invasion, and macrophage differentiation. The mouse model of osteosarcoma was established to evaluate the effects of exosomes on lung metastasis in vivo. Results: MG63 exosomes were successfully isolated and verified to be phagocytized by macrophages through fluorescence confocal microscopy. The results revealed that osteosarcoma cells could induce M2 type differentiation of macrophages largely through Tim-3 mediated by exosomes, which in turn could promote the migration, invasion, EMT, and lung metastasis of osteosarcoma cells through the secretion of cytokines including IL-10, TGFβ, and VEGF. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that osteosarcoma-derived exosomes induced M2 polarization of macrophages and promoted the invasion and metastasis of tumors through Tim-3; besides, the study also suggests a novel therapeutic target for future studies.
Abnormal Regional and Global Connectivity Measures in Subjective Cognitive Decline Depending on Cerebral Amyloid Status
Authors: Li Shumei , Daamen Marcel , Scheef Lukas , Gaertner Florian C. , Buchert Ralph , Buchmann Martina , Buerger Katharina , Catak Cihan , Dobisch Laura , Drzezga Alexander , Ertl-Wagner Birgit , Essler Markus , Fliessbach Klaus , Haynes John Dylan , Incesoy Enise Irem , Kilimann Ingo , Krause Bernd J. , Lange Catharina , Laske Christoph , Priller Josef , Ramirez Alfredo , Reimold Matthias , Rominger Axel , Roy Nina , Scheffler Klaus , Schmitt Angelika , Schneider Anja , Spottke Annika , Spruth Eike Jakob , Teipel Stefan J. , Tscheuschler Maike , Wagner Michael , Wolfsgruber Steffen , Düzel Emrah , Jessen Frank , Peters Oliver , Boecker Henning
Published: February 2020

Background: While cerebral beta-amyloid accumulation was found in many studies to alter precuneus-based functional connectivity (FC) in mild cognitive impairment and demented Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients, its impact is less well understood in subjective cognitive decline (SCD), which in the presence of underlying AD pathologic change corresponds to a progression to stage 2 of the clinical Alzheimer’s continuum in the 2018 National Institute on Aging and Alzheimer’s Association research framework, and represents the earliest clinical manifestation of AD. Methods: From the DELCODE (DZNE – Longitudinal Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Study) cohort, two groups of 24 age- and gender-matched amyloid-positive SCD (SCDAβ+) and amyloid-negative SCD (SCDAβ-) patients were selected according to visual [18F]-Florbetaben PET readings, and studied with resting-state BOLD fMRI. Local (regional homogeneity (ReHo), amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and fractional ALFF (fALFF)) and global (degree centrality (DC), precuneus seed-based FC maps) measures were calculated and compared between both groups. Furthermore, follow-up correlation analyses probed linear relationships of observed group differences with global as well as precuneal amyloid load measured by Florbetaben standard uptake value ratios (SUVRFBB). Results: For the local measures, ReHo was significantly higher in the bilateral precuneus for the SCDAβ+ group, whereas ALFF and fALFF measures were not altered between groups. For the global measures, relatively higher precuneus-based FC with occipital areas (but no altered DC) was observed in the SCDAβ+ group. Moreover, the FC differences between precuneus and occipital areas were positively correlated with global (SCDAβ+) and local precuneus SUVRFBB (both groups). Conclusions: While confounding influences due to a higher ratio of APOE e4 carriers in the SCDAβ+ group cannot be excluded, results indicate functional alterations in the precuneus hub region that were linearly related to beta-amyloid load, highlighting incipient pathology and possible compensatory mechanisms in stage 2 of the AD continuum.
Study on the migration and transformation characteristics of arsenic and antimony in the rhizosphere of plants grown in zinc smelting waste residue
Authors: sun hang , Li Xinlong , Wu Yonggui
Published: February 2020

Background: In this paper, the physical and chemical characteristics of the rhizospheres of Broussonetia papyrifera, Cryptomeria fortunei, Arundo donax, Robinia pseudoacacia, Photinia serrulata and Lolium perenne grown in indigenous Zn-smelting waste residue were studied, and the effects of the rhizosphere on the migration and transformation of arsenic and antimony in waste residue were investigated. Results: The results showed that compared with the control waste residue, the pH and Eh of the waste residues from the rhizospheres of the six plants decreased significantly (P<0.05), and the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content increased significantly (P<0.05). The peak strength of hydroxyl groups, aliphatic groups, aromatic groups, calcite and quartz in the rhizosphere waste residue decreased to different degrees compared with that of the control waste residue, and the peak strength of carbohydrates/organosilicates increased. Overall, the contents of arsenic and antimony in the rhizosphere waste residues of the 6 plants were lower than those of the control waste residue, and the contents of arsenic(III) and antimony(III) were significantly higher than those of arsenic(V) and antimony(V), respectively (P<0.05). The proportions of residual arsenic and antimony in the rhizosphere waste residues were the highest, and the proportion was significantly higher than that of control waste residue, and the proportions of exchangeable state, the aluminum-bound state and the calcium-bound state were lower than that in the control waste residue. The contents of arsenic and antimony in the tissues of the six plants followed the order of roots > leaves > stems, and the enrichment coefficients of arsenic and antimony in different plants were low. Conclusion: After 7 years of phytoremediation, the content and bioavailability of arsenic and antimony in the waste residue were significantly reduced, and the enrichment of arsenic and antimony in plant tissue was also low. It is speculated that the migration of arsenic and antimony in waste residue may increase in the early stage of phytoremediation and gradually stabilize in the later stage.
A retrospective study of prevalence and antibiotic resistance of bacteria isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of neurosurgical patients in a Shanghai tertiary hospital
Authors: Liu Min , Zhu Yunxia , Zhou Yin , Xu Siyi , Ma Jing , Zhang Tao , Xu Li , Wu Wenjuan , Zhong Chunlong
Published: February 2020

Background: Postoperative central nervous system infections (PCNSIs) are serious complications following neurosurgery. Effective management of the infections depends on the identification of causative pathogens and the antibiotic sensitivities. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical features, causative organisms and their antimicrobial susceptibility testing results, which could help clinicians to initiate appropriate empirical antibiotic therapy.Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted over a period of 3.5 years (from January 2016 to July 2019). All in-patients admitted neurosurgery and ICU meeting the inclusion criteria of PCNSIs were included in the study. Demographic characteristics, type of neurosurgery, laboratory data, causative organisms and antimicrobial susceptibility testing results were analyzed.Results: A total of 1500 patients underwent operation during this study. Twenty-three patients with 34 isolates out of 79 patients with 157 CSF culture samples were available for data analysis. The estimated incidence and culture-positive rate of PCNSIs were approximately 1.5% and 29.1%, respectively. The predominant organism was coagulase-negative staphylococci, of which most were methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCoNS). All were susceptible to vancomycin, linezolid, and rifampicin. Acinetobacter baumannii was the most frequent causative Gram-negative agent and was resistant to 14 out of 17 antimicrobials tested. The sensitivity rates for amikacin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim and minocycline were only 44, 44, and 11%, respectively.Conclusions: The MRCoNS were the predominant organism for PCNSIs. The management of Acinetobacter baumannii could be a major clinical challenge with few effective antimicrobials in PCNSIs.
Methylation regulation of MUC6 correlates with metastasis of gastric cancer
Authors: Shi Ding , Xi Xiaoxia
Published: February 2020

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of the downregulation of MUC6 and its influence on GC metastasis.Methods: The expression of MUC6 was examined in cancer tissues and their corresponding adjacent normal tissues in 40 gastric adenocarcinoma patients. The investigation of methylation level of MUC6 promoter region in gastric cell lines and gastric specimen tissues was performed through immunohistochemistry and/or quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)s. MUC6 was knocked down in GES-1 cell lines and overexpressed in SGC7901 cell lines; the effects of MUC6 knockdown and overexpression on cell migration and invasion were examined using Transwell migration assay. The effects of demethylation and methylation on MUC6 expression were examined using Western blot, qPCR, or double luciferase report experiment.Results: The expression of MUC6 in GC tissues was significantly lower than that in normal paracancerous tissues. While the cells migration and invasion abilities were decreased significantly after overexpression of MUC6, these abilities increased significantly after the knocking down of MUC6. The methylation levels of MUC6 in GC tissues and GC cell lines (MGC803, MKN45, AGS, SGC7901, and BGC823) were significantly higher than those in paracancerous tissues and gastric epithelial cells. The promoter methylation could significantly reduce the binding of MUC6 promoter region to the related transcription factors. The expression of MUC6 increased with the concentration of demethylated drugs and the time of action.Conclusion: The expression of MUC6 was regulated by methylation of its promoter, and this methylation of MUC6 promoter may lead to significant downregulation of MUC6 in GC and promote the metastasis of GC.
Natural presence of the V179D and K103R/V179D mutations associated with resistance to nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in HIV-1 CRF65_cpx strains
Authors: Liu Yongjian , Zhang Yu , Li Hanping , Wang Xiaolin , Jia Lei , Han Jingwan , Li Tianyi , Li Jingyun , Li Lin
Published: February 2020

Background: There is increasing evidence that HIV-1 genetic diversity can have an impact on drug resistance. The aim of this study is to investigate the epidemiological situation of CRF65_cpx and the impact of natural polymorphisms of this variant on genotypic resistance.
Methods: We used the BLAST search program followed by phylogenetic analysis to identify additional CRF65_cpx pol sequences from the Los Alamos HIV Sequence Database. Maximum likelihood phylogeny was estimated to clarify the epidemiological relationship of CRF65_cpx strains. Genotypic resistance was determined by submitting sequences to the Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Database.
Results: A total of 32 CRF65_cpx pol sequences were obtained. The CRF65_cpx strains were detected in seven provinces with large geographic distance. Yunnan CRF65_cpx sequences were mainly derived from a heterosexual risk group, whereas the CRF65_cpx sequences in other provinces were almost exclusively derived from an MSM population. With one exception of V179E, the other 31 strains harbored V179D mutation. The combination of V179D and K103R, conferring intermediate resistance to EFV and NVP, was detected in seven treatment-naive MSM patients.
Conclusions: This study confirmed the expansion CRF65_cpx in China. Furthermore, we found the natural presence of the V179D and K103R/V179D mutations associated with resistance to NNRTIs in HIV-1 CRF65_cpx. Our findings highlight the contribution of polymorphic mutations to drug resistance and underscore the challenges in treating patients harboring CRF65_cpx strains.
CHARACTERISTICS OF KEY FACTORS AFFECTING THE QUALITY OF FIXATION AND DURABILITY OF THE FUNCTIONING OF ARTIFICIAL CROWNS
Authors: Gevkaluk N. O. , Machogan V. R.
Published: February 2020

Introduction. Odontopreparation is an integral step in orthopedic dental treatment with non-removable orthopedic constructions. Correctly performed this stage in the treatment of artificial crowns is a guarantee of the quality of orthopedic treatment. Ensuring a stable geometry of the stump, a ledge of sufficient width on the abutment and the absence of defects on its surface, the clarity of the preparation margin and the correct ratio with marginal periodontal tissues are the most significant criteria for the quality of the intervention. In addition, the quality of the odontopreparation of the orthopedic profile is influenced by the clarity of adherence to the selected algorithm of preparation and the properties of the rotary tool used. The available literature data indicate numerous deviations in the practice of dentistry from the recommended methodology of odontopreparation, which can be explained by the relatively high frequency of complications of treatment with non-removable orthopedic structures.
The purpose of the article is to analyze the key factors affecting the quality of fixation and the durability of the functioning of artificial crowns, based on an assessment of the basic principles of odontopreparation for this type of orthopedic structures and the reaction of periodontal tissues based on an analytical review of the literature.
Materials and methods. The article presents the data of the literature review on the main factors that are of great importance as the fixation and durability of the functioning of artificial crowns on the stumps of dissected teeth while observing step-by-step odontopreparation algorithms with provision of proper functional and desired aesthetic requirements without negative influence on the condition of the tissue.
Conclusion. Based on the analysis of literary sources, it was concluded that the key factors affecting the quality of the formation of the tooth stump to be prosthetized, subject to step-by-step odontoperational algorithms with the creation of conditions for high-quality fixation and durability of the functioning of the artificial crown, ensuring the proper functional and desired aesthetic requirements without negative impact periodontal tissues can significantly reduce the manifestation of unwanted complications, and as a result to increase the effectiveness of prosthetics with artificial crowns.
MINOR CARDIAC ABNORMALITIES IN CHILDREN OF KHARKIV: PECULIARITIES OF STRUCTURE AND DISTRIBUTION
Authors: Filonova T. A. , Savvo V. M. , Sorokolat Yu. V.
Published: February 2020

Cardiovascular pathology is one of the urgent problems of modern medicine, including children. The peculiarity of most cardiovascular diseases in children lies in their prolonged formation, tendency to chronic course, less apparent clinical manifestations in the first stages of the disease.
Objective. In childhood, large-scale clinical epidemiological studies have not yet become widespread. But the available statistics allows analyzing trends and patterns that reflect the features of cardiovascular pathology in childhood, its role in health of the child population, which was the objective of this paper.
Materials and methods. The analysis of medical and statistical documents of 1825 children aged 0–18 years followed up for cardiomyopathies of dysplastic genesis (DGC) in healthcare facilities of Kharkiv. The indications for following up were clinical symptoms and cardiac ultrasound findings during outpatient or inpatient examination in the absence of organic cardiovascular diseases.
Results. Most often, clinical manifestation and, accordingly, diagnosis were observed from 4 to 11 years. Most minor cardiac abnormalities persist over the lifetime, and clinical significance may increase with age, contributing to the development of pathology or becoming a risk factor for cardiac pathology.
Conclusions. The structure of minor cardiac abnormalities among the children of the dispensary group is heterogeneous: prolapse of the mitral valve (mostly isolated), abnormal chords of the left ventricle and open foramen ovale are most frequently recorded; prolapse of other valves and aneurysms of the atrial septum are very rare. Primary diagnosis of minor cardiac abnormalities mainly takes place at age 4 to 11 years. Summarizing the findings, it can be noted that minor cardiac abnormalities have a relatively high detection rate and constitute a large and heterogeneous dispensary monitoring group.
Features of the Life Cycle Structuring of Renewable Energy Source Facilities
Authors: Zhulavskyi Arkadii Yu. , Pavlyk Anatolii V. , Shkodina Yuliia M. , Perekhod Evhenyi A. , Gorobchenko Tetyana V.
Published: February 2020

The life cycle of renewable energy sources has been analyzed in the research paper. The differences and specific features of life cycles of traditional and renewable energy sources have been identified. A proprietary scheme of the life cycle of renewable energy sources has been proposed, which takes into account the identified features compare to traditional energy sources. The renewable energy life cycle consists of three stages and ten phases. The eco-destructive impact of renewable energy sources at each stage of the life cycle has been investigated and presented, which makes it possible to assess objectively and take into account the complex eco-destructive impact of the use of a specific object that uses renewable energy sources. The studies of Al-Mulali, Apergis, and Payne, Dogan and Turkekul, Menegaki, confirming the relationship between growth indicators (Gross Domestic Product) and the growth of energy produced by renewable energy sources were examined. The total electricity consumption in the world for the period 1973–2016 was considered. Comparisons of traditional and renewable energy sources by service life and life cycle are given, and the main stages and phases of the life cycle of renewable energy sources are examined in detail. The stages of development and creation of renewable energy technology, namely the stages of development and creation of renewable energy technology, the operation of renewable energy facilities and the utilization and recycling of renewable energy components were considered. The impact of renewable energy on the environment from reservoirs and the specific effects of the use of renewable energy facilities has been studied. To identify adverse factors of influence, from eco-destructive impact, the stages of the structural composition of the renewable energy life cycle were examined to find possible ways to eliminate them at each stage.
Key words: renewable energy sources, life cycle, energy, energy production, management of natural resources.
Economic and Socio-political Force Majeure: a Study of the Ukrainian Stock Market Reaction
Authors: Plastun Oleksiy L. , Makarenko Inna O. , Yelnikova Yuliya V. , Sheliuk Asiiat A. , Gasimova Gunay
Published: February 2020

The paper analyzes the reactions on the Ukrainian stock market to force majeure events of an economic and socio-political nature. Unforeseen events are regards as force majeure events, which can not be taken into account in the value of assets in the stock market in advance. It has been established that, as a result, conditions for obtaining anomalous profit market participants may be created, until information on force majeure will be absorbed by the stock market. In this context, force majeure is seen as an anomaly of the hypothesis of effective markets. Among the most significant economic events, a number of corporate bankruptcies and cyberattacks were taken into account, and among socio-political force majeures – revolutionary, military-political events and terrorist acts. On the basis of daily data for the main index of the stock market of Ukraine (PFTS) for the period from 01.01.1997 to 31.12.2018, a hypothesis was checked regarding whether or not the force majeure events create temporary market anomalies and whether there are profitable trading strategies based on their use. The methodological basis for testing was not only the traditional t-criterion of the Student (as a hypothesis test method) but also cumulative accumulated income methods as one of the methods of studying events and trading simulations. According to the results of the audit, the Ukrainian stock market reacts very quickly to economic and socio-political force majeures and absorbs information about them. Negative profitability of the PFTS index was observed only on the day of the occurrence of a force majeure event. Despite the existence of the revealed model of the stock market reaction to force majeure events (namely, price reduction on the day of the event), it is not possible to build profitable trading strategies based on this model, since the results of simulation of these strategies do not differ from those generated random trade.
Key words: stock market, force majeure event, event study.
Studying Features of Vehicle Type Selection by Trade and Logistics Enterprise
Authors: Kubatko Olexandr V. , Chortok Yuliia V. , Goncharenko Оlexii S. , Nechyporenko Roman М. , Moskalenko Іnna M.
Published: February 2020

An analysis of Ukraine's foreign economic activity showed that exports and imports of Ukraine in 2018 increased by $4.08 billion and $12.9 billion. In the geographical structure of the countries-importers of Ukrainian goods the largest share is occupied by the countries of the European Union, which testifies to the improvement of the quality level of domestic products. This study is devoted to the analysis of the peculiarities of the transport logistics organization, namely the process of delivery of “Biola” juice (apple juice) with a volume of 1 liter at the order of LLC “Trading House “Biola” to Poland. Road transport in Ukraine carries 64 % of cargo.The rules of transportation of the given cargo and features of its packing are considered. It is proved that in order to organize an efficient and clear delivery process, especially if the delivery is performed internationally, and also involvings the organization of loading and unloading works, it is necessary to clearly form a transport and technological scheme of delivery of cargo. Transportation of juice in bottles is allowed by any covered transport or in universal containers, and it is mandatory to keep the cargo away from direct sunlight. Juice has a liquid state by its physical condition, so it is placed in a packaging of the appropriate size for convenience. The scheme of placement of juice packages with dimensions 270*180*280 mm and gross weight of 6.1 kg been developed on lightweight Euro pallet with dimensions 1200 * 800 mm has. Possible schemes of placement of pallets with juice of 1200*800*1540 mm in the SCHMITZ CARGOBULL SCS 18 semi-trailer with internal body dimensions of 7720*2480*3000 mm are considered. It is determined that the scheme will be optimal, in which the car body is placed 18 pallets.
Key words: cargo, export, juice, pallete, transport, transportation.
Disruptive Technologies in the Light of Socio-economic Revolutions: the EU and World Experience
Authors: Melnyk Leonid Hr.
Published: February 2020

The relevance of the work explains the need to promote advanced scientific knowledge in the context of accelerating scientific and technological progress. The purpose of the article is to reveal the main content of disruptive technologies and related socio-economic processes that occur during the three industrial revolutions. Based on a retrospective analysis of socio-economic revolutions in human history, the popular scientific essay explains the logic and development of technical and social systems. The article shows how the change of production forces and economic relations influences the ratio of individual components in the essential triad of man: bio-socio-labor. The content of the three industrial revolutions that humanity experiences today is revealed separately (Industry 3.0, Industry 4.0, Industry 5.0). It is explained that the works that launched these revolutions took place in the European countries. In particular, the Third Industrial Revolution is aimed at solving the problems of the global environmental crisis. The key transformation tools are alternative energy, additive technologies based on 3D printers, horizontal network structures of production and consumption. The main direction of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is the creation of a unified network of cyber-physical systems capable of working without humans. One of its leading forms is the Internet of Things. The humanization of socio-economic development is a key objective of the Fifth Industrial Revolution, which is focused on achieving the maximum realization of the creative potential of the human-social basis. The focus is on the key processes of the three industrial revolutions and the changes that take place in the essential triad of man. This article is a popular scientific essay.
Key words: industrial revolution, disruptive technology, personality, human-bio, human-socio, human-labor, cyber-physical system.
La formación en administración de empresas como herramienta clave para procesos empresariales
Authors: Flórez Oviedo Néstor Eduardo Eduardo
Published: February 2020

Este trabajo de investigación analiza las experiencias de los estudiantes que han cursado la asignatura de gestión de procesos, el resultado de la metodología de enseñanza aplicada en el curso y el impacto que ha tenido la misma en su relación con el sector empresarial, al final, se evalúa el impacto que tiene la metodología de enseñanza en el aprendizaje de los estudiantes que la cursan. La metodología es de carácter analítico, crítico y retrospectivo. Tomando de muestra un grupo de cuarenta estudiantes, quienes cursaron la asignatura de gestión de procesos, cátedra obligatoria para los estudiantes de Administración de Empresas de una importante Universidad de la ciudad de Medellín. Los resultados se obtuvieron por medio de entrevistas y encuestas utilizando escalas de valor. Se diseña además una herramienta de mejoramiento continuo (plan de acción) que involucra los aspectos de la asignatura y sirve de base para próximas cohortes.
CONTRIBUTOS DE PIERRE BOURDIEU PARA A SOCIOLOGIA DA EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Derossi Caio Corrêa , Ferreira Karen Laíssa Marcílio
Published: February 2020

O presente artigo propõe uma reflexão acerca das contribuições dos estudos do sociólogo francês Pierre Bourdieu para o campo educacional, bem como para a sua própria Sociologia da Educação. A proposta, portanto, busca ressaltar os elementos e considerações sobre educação correlacionando-as com as teorias sociológicas seguidas por Pierre Bourdieu e a sua ligação com a temática educacional. Para tanto, em uma pesquisa de cunho bibliográfica e documental referente as obras do autor que se referem as temáticas educacionais, principalmente ao livro Escritos de Educação (1998) e a sua fortuna crítica estabelecida por outros pesquisadores da área, como Ivone Ribeiro Valle (2007), Denice Bárbara Catani e Gilson Pereira (2001), Afrânio Mendes Catani (2002), Ângela Xavier de Brito (2002), Bernard Lahire (1999), Maria Alice Nogueira (2001) e Cláudio Marques Martins Nogueira (2002). Além disso, apropria-se de autores como Bento Prado Júnior (1980) e Dermeval Saviani (1987) para fortalecer os debates realizados. A abordagem metodológica é qualitativa, já que pretende-se analisar e compreender as tramas de significados, de representações e de contextos imbuídos e atribuídos aos textos que foram objetos do estudo. O texto seguirá o seguinte percurso: primeiramente far-se-á uma breve apresentação da vida e da obra do autor, em seguida serão realizados alguns apontamentos sobre os seus trabalhos no campo da Sociologia da Educação e com enfoco a temas afins a área educacional. Por fim, nas considerações finais, busca-se explicitar as implicações de suas pesquisas e de suas produções com o comprometimento com a formação humana e suas relações entre a sociedade, as camadas sociais e as instituições, como a família, a escola e a universidade.
Ordu İli (Türkiye) Ascidiacea (Tunicata, Chordata) Faunası Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: MİROĞLU Ali , YALÇIN Mehmet
Published: February 2020

Bu çalışmada, 2014 yılı Mayıs-Ekim ayları arasında Ordu (Türkiye) ili sahil şeridi boyunca toplam 28 örnekleme istasyonundan Ascidiacea bireyleri toplanmıştır. Teşhis işlemi sonucunda 4 aileye ait 5 tür (Ascidiella aspersa, Ciona intestinalis, Molgula manhattensis, Botryllus schlosseri ve Botryllus sp.) tespit edilmiştir. Tespit edilen bu türlerin tamamı Orta Karadeniz Bölgesi için ilk kayıttır.
Endemik Haplophyllum A. Juss. Türlerinin Antioksidan Aktivitesi Üzerine Lokasyon ve Tür Farkının Etkisi
Authors: YAMAN Cennet , TUGAY Osman , ULUKUŞ Deniz
Published: February 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı Tükiye’nin farklı lokasyonlarından toplanmış bazı endemik Haplophyllum A. Juss. (H. myrtifolium, H. vulcanicum, H. pumiliforme ve H. sahinii) türlerinin toplam fenolik, toplam flavonoid ve antioksidan aktivitelerinin belirlenmesidir. Örneklerin toplam fenolik miktarı 31.8 ila 49.8 mg GAE g-1 ekstrakt arasında değişmiştir. H. vulcanicum ve H. sahinii diğer türlere göre daha yüksek toplam fenolik içeriğine sahip olmuştur. En yüksek toplam flavonoid miktarı H. myrtifolium türünün her iki lokasyonundaki örneklerinde (62.0 ve 63.0 mg KE g-1 ekstrakt), en düşük ise H. pumiliforme türünün her iki lokasyonundaki örneklerinde (36.2 ve 31.7 mg KE g-1 ekstrakt) tespit edilmiştir. Antioksidan aktivitesi olarak DPPH ve ABTS radikal kovucu aktiviteleri incelenmiştir. H. myrtifolium türünün lokasyon1 örnekleri ile H. pumiliforme türünün lokasyon2 örnekleri en yüksek ABTS radikal kovucu aktivitesi sergilemiştir (sırasıyla %78.6 ve %79.0). H. vulcanicum türünün iki lokasyonundaki örnekleri ise iki aktivite içinde en düşük değer göstermiştir. Sonuç olarak, H. pumiliforme türünün düşük fitokimyasal içerdiğine sahip olduğu, fakat yüksek oranda antioksidan aktivite sergilediği tespit edilmiştir. H. vulcanicum, H. sahini ve H. pumiliforme hakkındaki toplam biyoaktif madde içeriği ve antioksidan aktivitesi ilk kez tarafımızdan bildirilmiştir.
Inflammatory Related Cardiovascular Diseases: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Sardu Celestino , Paolisso Giuseppe , Marfella Raffaele
Published: February 2020

Inflammation is a pathogenic response to multiple factors, that causes over-activation of different molecules and pro-inflammatory cellular lines. Different behavioral factors and risk factors might enhance the inflammatory stress, and this might cause cardiovascular disease (CVD). CVD is the world’s leading cause of morbidity and mortality, and it is represented by hypertension, coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, heart failure, rheumatic heart disease, congenital heart disease and cardiomyopathies. In this context, inflammation is both a cause and an aggravating factor in CVD, as well as a mediator of its worst prognostic. The mechanisms that link inflammation to CVD are multiple, complex and multi-factorial. To date, the role of inflammation in the genesis and progression of CVD has been extensively analyzed in recent studies. However, in the last decades, new biomarkers are joining the already known inflammatory biomarkers, such as Creactive protein, interleukins, tumor necrosis factor alpha and nitrotyrosine. Among these new biomarkers, we have to report sirtuins, microRNAs, ST2 protein, apolipoprotein E protein, adiponectin, and others. These biomarkers are preferentially expressed locally in the target tissue of inflammation, but also released in peripheral blood and then used as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Indeed, these biomarkers might also predict future adverse cardiovascular events and worse prognosis in patients with CVD. Furthermore, these new inflammatory biomarkers can also be analyzed to evaluate therapeutic efficacy in patients with CVD. Furthermore, this might open up new fields and interesting research concerning the link between inflammation and CVD.
Alkylamino Phenol Derivative Induces Apoptosis by Inhibiting EGFR Signaling Pathway in Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Palanivel Suresh , Yli-Harja Olli , Kandhavelu Meenakshisundaram
Published: February 2020

Background and Objective:

The present study was carried out to evaluate the anticancer property of
an alkylamino phenol derivative -2-((3,4-Dihydroquinolin-1(2H)-yl)(p-tolyl)methyl)phenol) (THTMP) against
human breast cancer cells. The cytotoxicity of the THTMP was assessed to know its specificity towards breast
cancer cells without affecting the normal cells.

Methods:

The THTMP was synthesized and the cytotoxicity was assessed by MTT assay, Caspases enzyme
activity, DNA fragmentation and FITC/Annexin V, AO/EtBr staining, RT-PCR and QSAR. In addition, ADME
analysis was executed to understand the mode of action of THTMP.

Results:

THTMP showed potential cytotoxic activity against the growth of MCF7 and SK-BR3 cells with the
IC50 values of 87.92μM and 172.51μM, respectively. Interestingly, THTMP found to activate caspase 3 and
caspase 9 enzymes in cancer cells, which are the key enzymes implicated in apoptosis. THTMP induced apoptosis
in which 33% of the cells entered the late apoptotic stage after 24h of treatment. The results also revealed
that the apoptotic response could be influenced by the association of THTMP with the Epidermal Growth Factor
Receptor (EGFR) mediated inhibition of the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase (PI3K)/S6K1 signaling pathway. In
addition, docking was performed to study the binding mode of the THTMP, which shows better interaction with
EGFR. The structural elucidation of THTMP by Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship model (QSAR)
and ADMET screening suggested, THTMP as an effective anticancer compound.

Conclusion:

This work strengthens the potential of a promising drug-like compound, THTMP, for the discovery
of anticancer drug against breast cancer.
Benzisothiazolone Derivatives Exhibit Cytotoxicity in Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Cells through NF-κB Inhibition and are Synergistic with Doxorubicin and Etoposide
Authors: Nandakumar Natarajan , Gopinath Pushparathinam , Gopas Jacob , Muraleedharan Kannoth M.
Published: February 2020

Background:

The authors investigated the NF-κB inhibitory role of three Benzisothiazolone (BIT)
derivatives (1, 2 and 3) in Hodgkin’s Lymphoma cells (L428) which constitutively express activated NF-κB. All
three compounds showed dose-dependent NF-κB inhibition (78.3, 70.7 and 34.6%) in the luciferase reporter
gene assay and were found cytotoxic at IC50 values of 3.3μg/ml, 4.35μg/ml and 13.8μg/ml, respectively by the
XTT assay. BIT 1and BIT 2 (but not BIT 3) suppressed both NF-κB subunits p50 and p65 in cytoplasmic and
nuclear extracts in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, BIT 1 showed a moderate synergistic effect
with the standard chemotherapy drugs etoposide and doxorubicin, whereas BIT 2 and 3 showed a moderate
additive effect to antagonistic effect. Cisplatin exhibited an antagonist effect on all the compounds tested under
various concentrations, except in the case of 1.56μg/ml of BIT 3 with 0.156μg/ml of cisplatin. The compounds
also inhibited the migration of adherent human lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549) in vitro. We conclude that
especially BIT 1 and BIT 2 have in vitro anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities, which can be further
investigated for future potential therapeutic use.

Methods:

Inspired by the electrophilic sulfur in Nuphar alkaloids, monomeric and dimeric benzisothiazolones
were synthesized from dithiodibenzoic acid and their NF-κB inhibitory role was explored. NF-κB inhibition and
cytotoxicity of the synthesized derivatives were studied using luciferase reporter gene assay and XTTassay.
Immunocytochemistry studies were performed using L428 cells. Cell migration assay was conducted using the
A549 cell line. L428 cells were used to conduct combination studies and the results were plotted using
CompuSyn software.

Results:

Benzisothiazolone derivatives exhibited cytotoxicity in Hodgkin’s Lymphoma cells through NF-κB
inhibition. Potent compounds showed suppression of both NF-κB subunits p50 and p65 in a concentrationdependent
manner, both in cytoplasmic and nuclear extracts. Combination studies suggest that benzisothiazolone
derivatives possess a synergistic effect with etoposide and doxorubicin. Furthermore, the compounds
also inhibited the migration of A549 cells.

Conclusion:

Benzisothiazolones bearing one or two electrophilic sulfur atoms as part of the heterocyclic
framework exhibited cytotoxicity in Hodgkin’s Lymphoma cells through NF-κB inhibition. In addition, these
derivatives also exhibited a synergistic effect with etoposide and doxorubicin along with the ability to inhibit the
migration of A549 cells. Our study suggests that BIT-based new chemical entities could lead to potential anticancer
agents.
Development of A Novel System Based on Green Magnetic / Graphene Oxide / Chitosan /Allium Sativum / Quercus / Nanocomposite for Targeted Release of Doxorubicin Anti-Cancer Drug
Authors: Arjmand Omid , Ardjmand Mehdi , Amani Ali M. , Eikani Mohmmad H.
Published: February 2020

Background:

Doxorubicin, as a strong anti-cancer agent for clinical treatment of various cancer types
along with other drugs, is widely utilized. Due to the physiology of the human body and cancerous tissues, the applicability
of doxorubicin is still limited and the targeted treatment of the different types of cancers is considered.
Also, the side effects of the conventional forms of chemotherapy medicines, damaging and stressing the normal
cells are considerable.

Objective:

This study introduces a novel and effective system for the targeted release of doxorubicin by successfully
fabricating the green magnetic graphene oxide, chitosan, allium sativum, and quercus nanocomposite.

Methods:

The in vitro release of doxorubicin loaded on the nanocomposite was evaluated and investigated at pH 7.4
and 6.5, respectively. The drug diffusivity in the plasma environment was assessed for a more accurate analysis of
the drug diffusion process. The nanocomposite loaded drug release mechanism and kinetics, as well as cytotoxicity
assay was investigated.

Results:

The efficiency of the drug encapsulation was significantly enhanced using natural extract ingredients and
consequently, the efficacy of the targeted treatment of cancerous tissues was improved. The developed nanocomposite
provided a controlled release of doxorubicin in similar acidic conditions of the normal and cancerous cells and
affirming that the fabricated system is thoroughly pH-dependent.

Conclusion:

The cytotoxicity assay confirmed that the fabricated nanocomposite at a high growth rate of cancerous
cells has an anticancer property and acts as a toxic agent against tumor cells, suggesting that in conjunction with
doxorubicin, it can be highly improved for killing cancerous cells.
Sialuria-Related Intellectual Disability in Children and Adolescent of Pakistan: Tenth Patient Described has a Novel Mutation in the GNE Gene
Authors: Ishtiaq Hina , Siddiqui Sonia , Nawaz Rukhsana , Jamali Khawar Saeed , Khan Abdul Ghani
Published: February 2020

Background:

Sialuria is a rare inborn error of metabolism caused by excessive synthesis of sialic acid due to the mutation in the binding site of the cytidine monophosphate-sialic acid of UDPGlcNAc 2-Epimerase/ManNAc Kinase (GNE/MNK).

Objective:

This is the first study investigating the molecular basis of neuronal disorders exhibiting sialuria in Pakistani children/adolescents.

Methods:

The current study genotyped GNE SNPs rs121908621, rs121908622 and rs121908623 by using PCR, RFLP, and DNA sequencing methods. Socioeconomic and clinical histories were also recorded.

Results:

Our data suggest that clinical symptoms and financial status play a significant role in conferring sialuria related Intellectual Disability (ID). SNP: rs121908623 showed G/A substitution (R263Q) in the GNE gene.

Conclusion:

We have identified one case study in Pakistan, so this makes our research a leap forward towards the identification of the 10th case study worldwide.
A Novel Weighted Cluster Based Co-operative Spectrum Sensing Scheme for Cognitive Radio Network
Authors: Kabir Md. Anamul , Sarker Anjon , Bulbul Abdullah Al-Mamun , Mondal Himadri Shekhar
Published: February 2020

Background:

Cognitive radio can be described as a radio system where it familiarizes
to the situations of the environs by some procedure like analyzing, observing and learning. Cognitive
radio can basically recycle the unused white space in the license spectrum through sensing the
network thus the method can achieve the maximum implementation of the radio bandwidth.

Objective:

The motivation of this research is to improve the performance of spectrum sensing of a
group of users in every cluster where various channel environment will be presented in comparison
with the conventional weighted sensing.

Methods:

With the intention of lessening the fading and shadowing, co-operative detection is favored
over independent detection. Clustered based cooperation has been employed to expand the
sensing enactment moderately. Sensing of co-operative spectrum which is weighted has been used
to boost the cluster cooperation scheme. To crack the critical problem this research proposed a
weighted cluster based co-operative sensing in which the weight calculation is performed at FC
reducing all available redundancies.

Results:

From the simulation it is found that our proposed algorithm has better probability of detection
(i.e, at -6 dB of SNR, clustered, Weighted Clustered and Novel Weighted Clustered probability
of detections are 67%,84% and 95% respectively). Even if Novel Weighted Clustered has
the lower False Alarm probability.

Conclusion:

Proposed novel weighted co-operative spectrum sensing algorithm for cognitive radio
network spectrum sensing scheme can attain better performance under different fading environments.
Progress in Bioremediation of Pyrene
Authors: Liu Jianghong , Su Huimin , Wei Xiaohang , Xue Jian
Published: February 2020

With the continuous exploitation of petroleum, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
(PAHs), a diverse class of the organic pollutants with carcinogenicity, mutagenicity and
teratogenicity, seriously endanger the ecological environment and public health. Pyrene,
consisting of four benzene rings, is used as an indicator for PAH-contaminated waste monitoring
and is ubiquitously found in oil-contaminated soils and water sediments. Thus, the
most urgent task is to find a repair method that can degrade pyrene efficiently now. Bioremediation
is widely applied in the degradation of pyrene due to its simplicity of operation,
low environmental impact and low cost. This paper is a review of the repair methods of pyrene,
including physical, chemical and bioremediation methods. In addition, it focuses on the
methods, status quo, mechanisms and current problems that need to be solved in the bioremediation
degradation of pyrene.
Why Multiples of 21? Why does Selenoprotein P Contain Multiple Selenocysteine Residues?
Authors: Baclaocos Janinah , Mackrill John James
Published: February 2020

Background:

In animals, the 21st amino acid selenocysteine is incorporated into a restricted subset of proteins by recoding of a UGA stop codon. This recoding requires a distinctive selenocysteine insertion sequence in selenoprotein encoding mRNAs, trans-acting factors and in most cases, adequate dietary intake of selenium. With one exception, selenoproteins contain a single selenocysteine, which is incorporated with low translational efficiency. The exception is selenoprotein P, which in some species is predicted to contain as many as 132 selenocysteines and which is considered to play roles in selenium transport and storage.

Objective:

This study aimed to develop comparative physiological and evolutionary perspectives on the function(s) of selenoprotein P.

Method:

The review of the literature on the roles of selenoprotein P in diverse animals.

Results:

Selenoprotein P contains multiple selenocysteines, making it energetically costly to produce. Furthermore, it is often associated with detrimental effects to the animals that produce it. Possible benefits that outweigh these costs include the general storage and transport of selenium; the transport of both toxic and useful metal ions; and specific functions in reproduction and in the nervous system.

Conclusion:

A probable reconciliation of the negative effects of producing Selenoprotein P is its benefit in terms of promoting reproductive success.