bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERCEIVE QUALITY POSITIF MEMPERKUAT BRAND EQUITY DAN BERDAMPAK PADA LOYALITAS MAHASISWA POLITEKNIK LP3I JAKARTA
Authors: Tardan Herawati , Winarti Euis
Published: September 2021

Riset  ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh Brand Awareness, Brand Perceive Quality dan Brand Association dari   Brand Equity di Politeknik LP3I Jakarta yang berdampak pada Loyalitas Mahasiswa. Objek Riset dilakukan terhadap mahasiswa semester I, III dan V di  kampus Politeknik LP3I Jakarta di Wilayah Jakarta Timur. Cara pemilihan sampel dilakukan secara cluster random sampling  dan purposived sampling, dengan analisis  model SEM (Structural Equation Model).  Hasil Riset menunjukkan bahwa model pengaruh Brand Awareness, Perceive Quality,dan dan Brand Association terhadap Brand Equity dan Dampaknya pada Loyalitas Mahasiswa dapat diterima dengan baik,  dan berhasil membuktikan bahwa Perceive Quality positif tertinggi berpengaruh terhadap Brand Equity dan berdampak pada Loyalitas mahasiswa

Kata kunci: Brand Perceived Quality, Brand Awareness, Brand Equity, Loyalitas Mahasiswa
A Comparative study of Andra bhasha bhushanam and Tolkappiyam
Authors: Ch Savithri
Published: September 2021

This review examines the subject under five sub-headings: writing intent, writing structure, Type of techniques, vocabulary, and spelling observation. Of these, the structure of the text is examined under two sub-headings, external structure and internal structure. Among the 32 writing techniques mentioned by Tolkappiyar, 1. Writing purpose, 2. Section order, 3. Codification expression, 4. Section expression, 5. Semantic coordination, 6. Fictional gestures, 7. Meaningful reference, 8. Alternative formula entry, 9. Future reference, 10. Sutra and examples are examined in bilingual grammars. In formulaic construction methods such as sutrartham, sutra structure, relation between sutras, gana, nipatam are taken into consideration. In the alphabet section, topics such as distribution of letters, creation of letters, conjugation, and word usage are examined. Finally, at the end of the character the 10 things identified in the bilingual grammars examined comparatively are revealed and the table of reference is compiled.
University Teachers’ perspective on HEC’s Faculty Appointment Criteria: An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis
Authors: Irshad Shoaib , Irshad Sadia , Kashif Sadaf
Published: September 2021

System devised by the Higher Education Commission (HEC) for Higher Education Institutions (HEI) aims to promote innovation and develop human capital. The efficiency of the system is ascertained if it could help in recruitment and retention of faculty members. Therefore, the study of faculty members' perspective on HEC’s Faculty Appointment Criteria (FAC) is needed to determine whether it motivates and facilitates them. This study reports the faculty’s perspectives on FAC. This qualitative interpretive phenomenological study gathers data using a semi-structured questionnaire for interviewing. The analysis reveals that the criteria do not cover the overall performance of faculty members and is only based upon minimum qualification, duration of service and number of publications. There is a dire need of reviewing the current appointment criteria and for that the involvement of all stakeholders is suggested to devise a profound scheme for better human resource development at HEIs of Pakistan.
Reduced pathogenicity of velogenic NDV strain AF22420-I via site-directed mutagenesis of V gene
Authors: Lee Bei Ru , Kalyanasunandram Jeevanathan , Murulitharan Kavitha , Lai Kok Song , Chia Suet Lin , Yusoff Khatijah
Published: September 2021

Newcastle disease virus (NDV), an avian paramyxovirus, has the potential to be used as an anti-cancer therapeutic vaccine due to its oncolytic and immunostimulatory activities. The virus can be categorised into three pathotypes: lentogenic, mesogenic, and velogenic; of the three pathotypes, the lentogenic strains such as the La Sota are the preferred pathotype for vaccine development due to their low virulence to birds. On the other hand, the translation of the virus to clinic of the velogenic strain AF2240-I is hindered by its virulence towards birds although it exhibits strong oncolysis with significant outcomes both in vitro and in vivo. This study aims to reduce the pathogenicity of AF2240-I yet retaining the anti-cancer properties of the virus. To achieve this, the V protein that acts as an interferon antagonist was chosen to be mutated. It is a non-structural protein that does not interfere with the binding and infection of the virus; hence, mutation of this virulence factor was deducted to be able to reduce harm to the avian species but retain its anti-cancer properties as much as possible. The V protein, which was produced from the insertion of an additional G into a conserved editing site of the P gene, was mutated by substituting the G nucleotide at position 411 from the start of P gene to a T nucleotide. This mutation will produce a premature stop codon from the V mRNA, resulting in a truncated V protein; but only causes a silent mutation in the P protein. The recombinant virus was recovered by the use of BHK cells stably expressing the phage T7 RNA polymerase. The pathogenicity of the mutated virus was determined in 9- to 11-day-old embryonated SPF chicken eggs. The mean death time (MDT) was determined to be 73.6 hours at the minimal lethal dose of 10-7, resembling to that of a mesogenic strain. The virulence of the mutated virus has been successfully reduced where it could be potentially used as the vector for the development of recombinant oncolytic virus for cancer treatment.
The new gastronomic product: dried and vacuumed rainbow trout roe
Authors: Turan Hülya , Çorapci Bengünur , Keskin İrfan Emilia , Köstekli Bayram , Eyuboglu Asiye , Altan Can Okan , Kocatepe Demet
Published: September 2021

In this study, it was aimed to investigate that the effect of drying process on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) roes in terms of the proximate composition, aw, pH, TVB-N, TBARs, microbiological counts and color parameters. Drying was lasted 42 hours including, 18 hours at 30oC and 24 hours at 45oC. The dried fish roes were vacuum-packed (vacuum degree 0.02MPa) and stored at 4oC for 90th days. The crude lipid, crude protein, crude ash and moisture contents of fresh fish roe was 6.67%, 18.51%, 2,67%, and 71.99%, respectively. No change detected in terms of aw value in vacuum packed dried eggs between the first and 90 days (p>0.05). While the pH value of the fresh roe decreased with pretreatments and drying, TVB-N and TBARs value increased. At the end of the storage period, TVB-N value reached to 42.57mgN / 100g. The total mesophilic aerobe bacteria count of dried roes did not exceed the limit value at the end of the storage period. Total anaerobe mesophilic bacteria, Total Coliform, E. coli, H2S producing bacteria (including S. putrefaciens) and Lactic acid bacteria counts of fresh and vacuumed dried roes were below detectable limit values (<0.30 LogCFU/g). In conclusion, it has been determined that vacuum-packed dried rainbow trout roes can be safely consumed for 60 days at ±4oC.
Bioactive components, enzymes inhibitory and antioxidant activities of biofortified yellow maize (Zea mays L.) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) composite biscuits
Authors: Irondi Emmanuel Anyachukwu , Ajani Emmanuel Oladipo , Aliyu Olawale Mashood , Olatoye Kazeem Koledoye , Abdulameed Hassan Taiye , Ogbebor Osayame Funmilayo
Published: September 2021

This study evaluated the bioactive components, enzymes inhibitory and antioxidant activities of biofortified yellow maize (YM) and cowpea (CP) composite biscuits. Composites of YM and CP, mixed at the ratios of 100:0 (YM); 75:25 (YMCP-1); 50:50 (YMCP-2); 25:75 (YMCP-3) and 0:100 (CP), were used to bake composite biscuits designated YM-B, YMCP-1B, YMCP-2B, YMCP-3B and CP-B, respectively. Refined wheat flour (WT) served as the control biscuit (WT-B). The bioactive components (total carotenoids, total phenolics, tannins, total flavonoids and total saponins), enzymes (pancreatic lipase, α-amylase, α-glucosidase) inhibitory and antioxidant (ABTS*+, DPPH* scavenging and reducing power) activities of the flours and biscuits were determined. Total carotenoids content increased significantly (p < 0.05) with increasing proportion of YM, while total phenolics, tannins, total flavonoids and saponins contents, enzymes inhibitory and antioxidant activities increased with increasing proportion of CP in the composite flours and biscuits. Among the composite biscuits, YMCP-3B had the strongest (p < 0.05) enzymes inhibitory and antioxidant activities. The composite biscuits, especially YMCP-3B, may serve as functional biscuits for retarding the rate of fatty acids and glucose formation, and mitigating oxidative stress, which represent a clinical strategy for managing obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Concentrating rosmarinic acid from Orthosiphon aristatus extract for high antioxidative candies
Authors: Lim Jin Ru , Chua Lee Suan
Published: September 2021

Extraction and fractionation were carried out to concentrate the rosmarinic acid from Orthosiphon aristatus in order to increase the value of herbal candy formulated using polyphenolic rich extract. The herb was extracted and fractionated in column chromatography, and then analyzed by LC-MS/MS. The collected plant fractions with similar chromatographic profiles were combined and determined for antioxidant capacities expressed in radical scavenging activity. The results showed that the antioxidant capacity was in good agreement with the concentration of rosmarinic acid in the combined fractions. The combined fraction II showed the highest rosmarinic acid content, 3.8%w/w and the highest antioxidant capacity (IC50=14.922 ppm). The incorporation of rosmarinic acid rich extract into candy formulation did not statistically affect the antioxidant capacity. Hence, the rosmarinic acid rich extract could be another choice of ingredient to enhance the beneficial property of candies. Candy is another form of carrier to deliver herbal ingredient for health promotion.
The intersectional challenges faced by women of colour in South Africa
Authors: Lekgau Phakiso
Published: September 2021

Gender oppression speaks to the challenges that women face due to their gender. South African societies have become characterised by the oppression of women by men as women continue to exist on the periphery in our community. This article deploys an argument that women still find themselves facing intersecting challenges of patriarchy, racism, economic exploitation and other related forms of heterosexualist gender oppression.
#Choose to challenge - the value of women
Authors: Ntuli Jabulile
Published: September 2021

I choose to challenge the value of women in a South Africa based on gender roles and socialisation, leading to female inferiority and male superiority. Some South Africans display their gender roles based on cultural, societal and psychological behaviours of being a man or a woman. Keeping this in mind may help understand specific societal issues that South African women face. This essay investigates some prominent features that societal organisation has placed on gender that may lead to more significant problems if unattended.
Revitalisasi BUMDES Sebagai Perwujudan Pasal 89 Huruf B UURI 6 Tahun 2014
Authors: Kevin Octovianus Tallo Daniel , Wahyudi Eko
Published: September 2021

Pendirian BUMDes dilandasi oleh Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 (UU Desa) juncto Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 9 Tahun 2015 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah (UU PEMDA) serta Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 72 tahun 2005 tentang Desa (PP Desa). Dalam pelaksanaan pengelolaan BUMDes di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan yang saat ini sedang berjalan tidak sesuai dengan undang-undang yang berlaku sehingga pemanfaatan hasil BUMDes tidak sesuai dengan  UU Desa. Berdasarkan hal inilah diperlukannya upaya revitalisasi agar pemanfaatan pengelolaan BUMDes di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan dapat memberikan dampak ekonomi yang signifikan terhadap kemajuan ekonomi pada masyarakar desa. Sehingga dengan adanya proses dari revitalisasi BUMDes yang dilakukan di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan dapat mengangkat kondisi perekonomian dan sosial di masyarak desa yang berdampak pada taraf hidup kesehjahteraan masayrakar desa yang ada di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan.
Problematika Pemberian Sanksi Terhadap Penolakan Vaksinasi Covid-19: Suatu Kajian Perspektif HAM
Authors: Disemadi Hari Sutra , Pardede Tomi Suhendra
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis metode penelitian yuridis normative, bertujuan untuk mengkaji permasalahan terkait pemberian sanksi akibat penolakan vaksinasi terhadap hak asasi manusia untuk menolak pengobatan. Penyebaran epidemi Corona Virus Desease 2019 atau Covid-19 berkembang cukup pesat di Indonesia. Pemerintah Indonesia telah melakukan berbagai macam cara untuk menanggulangi penyebaran wabah Covid-19, contohnya karantina wilayah serta Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar. Memasuki awal tahun 2021 dimulai dengan masuknya vaksin Covid-19 ke Indonesia. Pemerintah menghimbau agar semua orang divaksin. Namun ternyata ada sanksi bagi orang yang menolak vaksinasi tersebut. Sanksi tersebut berupa sanksi pidana penjara maupun denda. Hal tersebut semakin dipertegas dengan dikeluarkannya peraturan mengenai penolakan vaksin. Pemberian sanksi ini masih menjadi isu hangat ditengah masyarakat apakah melanggar hak asasi manusia atau tidak karena setiap orang memiliki hak untuk menolak tindakan medis. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, didapatkan hasil penelitian bahwa hukum di Indonesia belum sepenuhnya dapat memberikan kepastian hukum, perlindungan serta keadilan bagi warganya karena masih terdapat kerancuan hukum ataupun pertentangan diantara peraturan perundang-undangan itu sendiri.
Peranan dan Tanggungjawab Pemerintah dalam Pelayanan Kesehatan Pasca Berlakunya UU Cipta Kerja
Authors: Susetiyo Weppy , Iftitah Anik
Published: September 2021

Ada lima undang-undang bidang kesehatan yang diubah pasca pemberlakuan UU Cipta Kerja. Mengingat dampak pemberlakuan UU Cipta Kerja yang luar biasa mengubah peraturan perundang-undangan di sektor kesehatan,  menjadi sangat penting untuk menganalisis peranan dan tanggungjawab pemerintah dalam pelayanan kesehatan pasca berlakunya UU Cipta Kerja sebagai bagian pemberlakuan Omnibus Law di Indonesia. Melalui penelitian yuridis normatif, dihasilkan penelitian bahwa pemerintah sebagai penanggungjawab terhadap perencanaan, pengaturan, penyelenggaraan, pembinaan, dan pengawasan penyelenggaraan upaya kesehatan yang merata dan terjangkau oleh masyarakat, melalui UU Ciptaker mengubah aturan di bidang kesehatan seperti penyederhanaan pasal-pasal dalam UU Kesehatan dan UU Rumah Sakit, jasa pelayanan kesehatan medis tidak dikenakan PPN, pemberian jasa pelayanan kesehatan medis tidak hanya pada tenaga kesehatan dan asisten tenaga kesehatan, dan mengharuskan rumah sakit melakukan akreditasi setiap tiga tahun sekali. Terkait hal tersebut, pemerintah berperan mengatur praktik pelayanan kesehatan di rumah sakit berupa pembinaan dan pengawasan  terhadap rumah sakit, meminimalisir pembuatan kebijakan yang merugikan kepentingan tenaga kesehatan yang bekerja  di rumah sakit, dan memastikan masyarakat mendapatkan pelayanan kesehatan sesuai ketentuan pelayanan publik, kompetensi, dan standar operasional prosedur.
Trayectorias educativas y laborales de los jóvenes que finalizaron los estudios medios del curso Técnico Integrado en Edificaciones del Instituto Federal Farroupilha de Santa Rosa, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
Authors:   , Kowalczuk Mauro
Published: September 2021

El presente trabajo se trata de una investigación cualitativa y exploratoria, cuyo fin es explicar y comprender los recorridos educativos que determinan las elecciones de la educación superior y laborales de jóvenes egresados, centrándose la atención en diferentes aspectos: por qué eligió este colegio y modalidad, cuál fue su experiencia y valoración del colegio secundario; la continuidad o no en el sistema educativo; en relación al tema laboral se pregunta sobre su inserción y permanencia en el mercado laboral y también sobre experiencias y valoraciones al respecto; finalmente se consulta sobre expectativas y proyectos personales a futuro, entre otros. No se toman estos hechos como sucesos aislados sino que se busca entrelazarlos, no solo observando los hechos per se, sino indagando sobre cuestiones valorativas.
Schools of Economic Thought and Problems of Sustainable Development: Analysis of Theoretical Approaches of Government Regulation Supporters
Authors: Buchinskaya O. N.
Published: September 2021

Aim.The presented study aims to analyze approaches to achieving sustainable development proposed by schools focused on strengthening government intervention in economic processes to achieve sustainability.Tasks.The authors examine publications that address the problems of sustainable development by the representatives of post-Keynesianism, green Keynesianism, and environmental economists; determine the main goals of sustainable development outlined by the representatives of the aforementioned schools and identify the tools they offer to achieve sustainability; assess the possibility of using these tools in the real sector of the economy, identifying their strengths and weaknesses.Methods.This study uses the methods of analysis and synthesis as well as comparative-historical and problem-chronological methods.Results.It is found that the examined schools focus on the problems of preserving ecosystems and ensuring sustainable economic growth. Other goals, such as provision of employment opportunities, elimination of poverty and inequality are considered to a lesser extent as resulting from the measures taken by the government for the purpose of the environmental transformation of the economy. It is proposed to introduce various forms of assessment and payment for the use of natural resources and to transfer the flow of investment from resource-oriented towards environmentally oriented industries. The decline in employment associated with such a reorientation can be compensated for by expanding employment in the service sector, reducing working hours, and lowering the retirement age.Conclusions.Measures of transition towards sustainable development proposed by post-Keynesians, green Keynesians, and environmental economists are mainly based on non-market measures and imply the strengthening of the government’s influence. Some measures, such as increasing taxes on the products of “dirty” industries, are reflected in the economic policies of other countries. Other measures, primarily aimed at eliminating poverty, inequality, and unemployment, are not being actively implemented. It should be noted that not all recipes of theorists can be applied in the real sector since they include radical measures, the practical implementation of which can lead to economic collapse and a decrease in the population’s living standards.
Strategic Management as a Basis of Sustainable Development in Agricultural Production
Authors: Simonyan T. V. , Shvydenko N. V.
Published: September 2021

Aim. The presented study aims to substantiate a structural model for developing a sustainable development strategy in agricultural production, making allowance for changes in the level of impact of environmental factors.Tasks. The authors determine the reasons why the Russian agro-industrial complex (AIC) is lagging; identify the specific aspects of forming a strategy for the sustainable development of regional AICs; formulate urgent problems of sustainable development for the agri-food sector of the Russian economy at the federal, regional, and enterprise levels.Methods. This study uses a reasonable and objective approach to the problem of applying strategic management as a foundation for the sustainable development of agricultural production based on the knowledge of the laws of development of socio-ecological and economic systems and a study of multidirectional factors of the external and internal environment. The methodological basis for the sustainable development of agricultural production includes the concept of sustainable development as a priority at the macroeconomic level; strategy as a planning tool based on consistency with programs implemented at the federal, regional and municipal levels of public administration; methods and tools of strategic management at AIC enterprises.Results. The key aspects of the institutional-synergetic approach to the sustainable development of the AIC include the need to coordinate all factors by forming coherent goals not only among economic and financial institutions, but also for technopolises that combine scientific, industrial, financial, and entrepreneurial capital into one system cluster structure. The authors formulate the stages of implementing a strategy for the sustainable development of regional AICs, making it possible to come up with measures aimed at reorganizing the structure of the agricultural sector and to overcome the negative manifestations of crises in the Russian economy, thus minimizing their consequences.Conclusions. During the development of a strategy for the sustainable development of regional AICs, a multiplicative effect arises, making it possible to activate innovation policy and boost the development of other sectors of the economy, improving the population’s quality of life. When developing a strategy at the microeconomic level, it is necessary to make allowance for the specifics of the industry and the mission of a modern agro-industrial enterprise and to focus on solving problems formulated based on the trinity of goals of social, environmental, and economic long-term sustainable development.
Techno-Economic Study of Substation Electric Power in Indonesia: A Mini-Review
Authors: Al Hakim Rosyid Ridlo , Ariyanto Eko , Arief Yanuar Zulardiansyah
Published: September 2021

Energy is something that people need every day. One of the energies that are glorified to meet people's energy needs is electrical energy. The need for electrical energy in Indonesia continues to increase in line with economic growth and the increasing population. One of the components of electric power that is useful for delivering electric current to transmission networks is a substation. With the feasibility of techno-economic, it is possible to know the feasibility of the quality of an electric power system based on financial analysis. This paper provides a mini-review of the techno-economy of substation electricity and its maintenance in several regions in Indonesia today. The research stages consist of literature study, identification of article titles, article abstract screening, complete article selection, and mini-review reviews. Several studies are still not widely applied to the calculation of the cost of energy consumption to customers. In addition, the basic cost of providing electricity, the profit from electricity sales, and the payback period method need to be improved in research related to the techno-economic analysis of electrical energy. It is important to do this to determine the potential feasibility and the estimated advantages and disadvantages of an electric power system.
Pengaruh Islamic Corporate Governance dan Islamic Social Reporting terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Bank Syariah di Indonesia
Authors:   Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung, Trilaksono Ibnu , Komalasari Agrianti ,   Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung, Tubarad Chara Pratami Tidespania ,   Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung, Yuliansyah Yuliansyah ,   Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung
Published: September 2021

Abstract Purpose: This study examined the effect of Islamic Corporate Governance and Islamic Social Reporting on the Financial Performance of Islamic Banks in Indonesia at Sharia Commercial Bank Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Research methodology: This study used multiple regression as the method to analyze the result of the research. By using 14 shariah banking data, this research will analyze the performance of the Indonesian general bank. Result: This study indicates that the variables that affect Islamic bank performance in this research are not implemented effectively. Limitations: The sample of this study was only 14 Islamic commercial banks and only used the Islamic banking sector in Indonesia, which is listed on the Indonesia stock exchange. Contribution: This research is helpful for further research. One of the guidelines in choosing which variabels to use and which one to use in the study should be understood in selecting Islamic financial performance.
Online English Learning during Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Universitas Muhammadiyah Kotabumi, Lampung Utara, Sartipa Dewi
Published: September 2021

Abstract Purpose: This article aims to describe English learning in the Covid-19 Pandemic Era. This article also explains the importance of the Internet in the learning process and the importance of parents in the development of students in the Covid-19 Pandemic Era. Research methodology: This study used a descriptive method. Results: This study suggests that parents should motivate their children in this situation because the learning process is carried out at home, and only parents can directly monitor the learning process. Limitations: This study has limitations. It is the information of parents who guide their students in the learning process, especially English Subject in the Covid-19 pandemic. Contribution: The study is beneficial for teachers and parents to conduct a better learning strategy during Covid -19 pandemic.
Implementasi Algoritma Ant Tree Miner Untuk Klasifikasi Jenis Fauna
Authors: Ardilla Yunita , Sabilla Wilda Imama , Ulinnuha Nurissaidah
Published: September 2021

Classification is a field of data mining that has many methods, one of them is decision tree. Decision tree is proven to be able to classify many kinds of data such as image data and time series data. However, there are several obstacles that are often encountered in the decision tree method. Running time required for the execution of this algorithm is quite long, so this study proposed to use the ant tree miner algorithm which is a development algorithm from the C4.5 decision tree. Ant tree miner works by utilizing ant colony optimization in the process of building its tree structure. Use ant colony optimization expected can optimize the tree that will be formed. From the testing that have been carried out, an accuracy of about 95% is obtained in the process of classifying Zoo dataset with the number of ants between 60 - 90.
Type and Strategy of Code Switching Used by English Teachers in The Process of Teaching and Learning English
Authors: Chandra Julian , Wati Siska Oktawidya
Published: September 2021

This research is analyzes about the struggle of Malala’s in He Named Me Malala film. The The purpose of this research were: (1) to describe type  of using code switching and (2) to describe the strategy behind the use code switching  made by English teachers in English language eaching and learning at SMAN 1 Padang Sago. This research used descriptive qualitative design. The  population were all English teachers in the school who taught English subject for 10th, 11th and 12 th graders in the 2019 academic year . The purposive sampling technique was employed in the research  in which the total sampling  were all 5 English  teachers. Instrumens to collect the data were observation chceklist and interview. In the observation checklist, all teachers’ utterancess were categorized according to the types and strategies of the code switching belong to. To determine the frequency of the type and strategy of the code switching emerging in observation checklist, the numberof the type and strategy that emerged were count manulay. Then, the percentage formula   was used. Then, the interview was used to validate the result gained from the observation checklist. Finally, among 110 utterances , it was found there was 4%, of  tag switching used by the tecaher,  inter-sentential switching was 36%, and intra-sentential switching was  60%,. On the other hand,  among 10  strategies of code switching proposed by Hoffman (1991), it was found that  the teacher preferred to use only 4 strategies only of which are for  scosiisted of expressing solidarity 48%, interjection7%, repetition 28%, and clarification19%).
Beyond building predictive models: TwinOps in biomanufacturing
Authors: Canzani Elisa , Timmer Sander W.
Published: September 2021

On the wave of more and more manufacturers embracing the pervasive mission to build digital twins, also biopharmaceutical industry envisions a significant paradigm shift of digitalisation towards an intelligent factory where bioprocesses continuously learn from data to optimise and control productivity. While extensive efforts are made to build and combine the best mechanistic and data-driven models, there has not been a complete digital twin application in pharma. One of the main reasons is that production deployment becomes more complex regarding the possible impact such digital technologies could have on vaccine products and ultimately on patients. To address current technical challenges and fill regulatory gaps, this paper explores some best practices for TwinOps in biomanufacturing – from experiment to GxP validation – and discusses approaches to oversight and compliance that could work with these best practices towards building bioprocess digital twins at scale.
Enhancing Fan Engagement in a 5G Stadium with AI-Based Technologies and Live Streaming
Authors: Wu Cheng-Wen , Shieh Ming-Der , Lien Jenn-Jier , Yang Jar- Ferr , Chu Wei-Ta , Huang Tsang-Hai , Hsieh Han-Chuan , Chiu Hung-Ta , Tu Kuo-Cheng , Chen Yen-Ting , Lin Shian-Yu , Hu Jia-Jun , Lin Chen-Huan , Jheng Cheng-Siang
Published: September 2021

Abstract—It has been tough for the sports industry and the athletes during the COVID-19 pandemic, but in Taiwan, we have been lucky to contain the pandemic to a level that we could hold the 2021 National Intercollegiate Athletic Games (NIAG) in early May. We formed a Sport Technology Team of more than 30 scholars, students, and engineers to provide novel systems and solutions that make the athletic games rich of sport technologies. Some of the features could be the first time shown to the internet audience for large-scale athletic games. The technologies involved include table tennis ball trajectory and bounce distribution, badminton shuttlecock tracking and trajectory, augmented reality enriched content for real-time video streaming on social networks, real-time 3D broadcasting with wide-field free viewangle, in-stadium video stream pushing by private 5G network with Mobile Edge Computing (MEC), AI-based sport data analytics during live streaming, a Technology-Enhanced Broadcasting System for sport events, etc. This paper introduces the respective technologies that we have developed, deployed, and demonstrated in the 2021 NIAG, Taiwan. We stress the architecture design and integration of TBS, which is a System of Systems, as well as experimental results on real athletic games in the smart stadiums that we have established.
Coupled Strip Lines with Highly Unbalanced Electromagnetic Coupling and their Use
Authors: Malyutin Nickolay , Malyutin George , Ahrarov Naile , Trinh Thanh A.
Published: September 2021

Trinh To Thanh (Vietnam) postgraduate
student of the Tomsk State University of Control
Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Department of Components Design (KUDR), Radio Engineering
Faculty (RKF), Russian Federation. The research topic
is coupled strip lines with heterogeneous parameters in the cross-section and in
longitudinal sections.
Designing a Real-time Swept Spectrum Analyser with USRP B210
Authors: Bello N. , Ogbeide K.O.
Published: September 2021

Cognitive radio has received considerable amount of attention as a promising technique to provide dynamic spectrum allocation. Spectrum sensing is one of the basic functions in the cognitive radio and is crucial to all other functions. Software- defined radios (SDRs) are considered due to its very high flexibility and have become a common platform for CR implementation replacing expensive spectrum analysers. The most popular among various SDR platforms is the universal software-defined radio peripheral (USRP). This paper presents a real-time swept spectrum sensing solution based on USRP B210. It also presents a detailed explanation of the concept of energy detection and the methodology for wide-band sensing. Finally, the performance of the proposed sensing solution is analysed through FFT graphs and spectrogram plot taken for 8 hours. The results showed that the proposed sensing solution was capable of achieving high resolution in the frequency domain of the wide band measured which implies that wide bands with heterogenous signals like the ISM band can be accurately resolved and analysed.
Brasil, Geopolítica e o Sistema Mundial
Authors: Miyamoto Shiguenoli
Published: September 2021

Since the 1920s, Brazil has been aspiring to be a great power in the international system. At that time, the government was already claiming a seat as a permanent member of the Security Council. Since then, there have been several occasions when the issue of the country's international rise has been put on by the government, while some sectors of society, including the academy, have also debated this possibility. In this text, we analyze the aspirations and possibilities of ascension of the country in the global scenario, considering its characteristics and capacities. At the same time we analyse geopolitics as a field of study in Brazil.
O Eclipse do Estado?
Authors: Maciel Tadeu Morato , Gomes Pedro Henrique Miranda
Published: September 2021

The present text is developed in the field of institutions studies and State-Society relations. We aim to systematize the role of the Oil and Gas industry in the economic recovery of the Russian Federation. Our goal is to understand the causal relation between the corporatist regime established by Putin and economic development. The comparative analysis between two distinct moments of the federation, first the Yeltsin administration, followed by the rise to power by Putin, will help us indicate different postures taken by the State towards society, and which actions render which results. We have adopted the theoretical basis of the institutionalist approach, which indicates the permanency of state capacity to coordinate economic development, even though in a context of globalization. We sought to use the Russian case study as empirical evidence validating the theory. Therefore, corporatist structures of power are understood here as independent variable, while economic development is our dependent variable, in a causal relation to be verified in the case study. Results indicate the partial validation of the hypothesis, as the corporatist regime represents a possible way to maintain – to a degree – state capacity in a context of globalization, going against perspectives according to which, in this new context, the State would progressively lose its autonomy regarding public policy for economic development.
O que vem antes das teorias da integração?
Authors: Rohr Reisdoerfer Bruna
Published: September 2021

The study is an initial exploratory effort to verify if there are common aspects in the main instruments of international integration as a political project during the 19th century and if there is, therefore, a capacity for abstraction and generalization of these ideas for dialogue with the field of study of Integration Theories. It started from the research question: what are the objectives of the main international integration projects in the 19th century? The hypothesis is that the main international integration projects in the 19th century defended it as a political project to achieve the stability and prosperity of its units through the search for (i) internal and external security, (ii) economic scale and (iii) social stability. Analyticism is used as methodology (Jackson, 2011). As a method, primary source analysis (that is, the original works of the selected authors: Saint-Simon, Símon Bolivar, Victor Hugo and Eduard Bernstein) and systematic literature review is used. It is concluded that the three listed spheres are interdependent and are the pillars of the idea of international integration in the 19th century. This allow the construction of an analysis model that takes into account the motivation behind the integration and not only its process or its final condition as Integration Theories do. It contributes, therefore, to the debate of why independent political entities cooperate - which can help in the current debates about the crisis in multilateral institutions.
International Society and the United Nations Peacebuilding
Authors: Souza Matheus de Abreu Costa
Published: September 2021

Since its first peacekeeping operation, the United Nations (UN) broadened its normative framework to provide efficient responses to the turbulent reality of countries experiencing intrastate wars. Back in the 1990s, the UN acknowledged that intrastate conflict causes are structural and socially rooted, and therefore achieving peace in collapsing states would only be possible through the strategy labelled as peacebuilding, aimed at achieving longstanding peace through the reconstruction of the state in the post-conflict phase. Based on English School theorists, this paper aims to analyze how the UN peacebuilding policies can be associated with the strengthening of the commitment of war-torn states to institutions and rules that underpins the group of states known as “international society”. To illustrate the aforementioned argument, this work consists of a case study methodology that assess the United Nations Mission in Liberia (2003-2018).
Professor Valeriya Vital’evna Barabanova
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: September 2021

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Development of Guidelines for Implementation of Horizontal Directional Drilling
Authors:   University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Hashash Youssef , Baltaji Omar ,   University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Xing Guangchao ,   University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Liang Yongxi ,   University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Published: September 2021

While the fundamentals of horizontal directional drilling (HDD) technology are well known, the implementation of HDD involves utilizing a vast range of equipment and installation procedures. This project developed HDD guidance documents to provide the Illinois Department of Transportation with metrics to evaluate a proposed HDD installation. This report compiled information collected during this project, including a literature review, HDD case histories observation, and an industry survey. Four main guidance documents, including the proposed HDD Guidelines, HDD Guidance Specifications, Permit Submittal Checklist, and Inspector Checklist, are the main products developed from the project.
Biosorption of cationic dyes BY1, BY2 and BG4 by moss Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus from binary solutions
Authors: Remenárová Lucia , Pipíška Martin , Horník Miroslav , Augustín Jozef
Published: September 2021

A biosorbent prepared from moss Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus biomass was used for biosorption of cationic dyes – Malachite green (BG4), Auramine O (BY2) and Thioflavine T (BY1) from binary aqueous solutions. Sorption data obtained at non-equilibrium conditions were analyzed by Sheindorf-Rebuhn-Sheintuch (SRS) equation (competitive model for binary systems derived from Freundlich isotherm) and extended model of Freundlich isotherm. Following the comparison of coefficient of determination values (R2) as well as values of root mean squared error (RMSE), the extended model of Freundlich isotherm was more suitable for description of investigated binary systems BG4-BY1 (R2 BG4 = 0.983, R2 BY1 = 0.993) and BG4-BY2 (R2 BG4 = 0.976, R2 BY2 = 0.995). The competition coefficients aij, obtained from SRS model can be considered as a way to quantify mutual competitive interactions. The competition coefficients indicated that the presence of BY1 in binary system decreased the sorption of BG4 (aBY1,BG4 = 0.835) while presence of BG4 (aBG4,BY1 = 0.208) has less pronounced competitive effect on the sorption of BY1 onto biosorbent. Competition coefficients obtained for binary system BY1-BG4 indicate that BG4 (aBG4,BY2 = 0.186) was more significantly affected by the presence of BY2 (aBY2,BG4 = 1.167). Finally, equations used in this work were represented by the three-imensional biosorption isotherm surfaces.
Validation of an improved European standard method for the determination of PCBs in oil samples
Authors: Cencič Kodba Zdenka , Brodnjak Vončina Darinka
Published: September 2021

Two European standard methods (EN 12766 and EN 61619) are currently used for the determination of PCBs in specific oil matrix. However, apolar matrix compounds (e.g. hydrocarbons) elute from the adsorbent together with the PCBs and are injected into the analytical system where their presence contaminates the inlet, detectors and columns; and decreases system performances. Insufficient cleanup causes delay of elution of PCBs from GC columns. By using new sulfoxide-bonded silica, PCBs are better separated from aliphatic hydrocarbons because the specificity of the stationary phase for these compounds is much higher that that used in both standard methods. A gas chromatograph AT6890 with two capillary columns of different polarities (HP-5MS and DB-1701) coupled to two μECDs is used. Oven temperature program is as followed: 90°C (1 min), 70°C/min to 180°C, 5°C/min to 230°C (0.1 min), 1.5°C/min to 280°C. Run time is 46 min. The procedure was validated through regular analysis of blanks, fortified samples (transformer oil, motor used and unused oil) and certified materials (BCR-449 and BCR-420, waste mineral oils, high and low PCB levels). Two internal standards were used (PCB 30 and PCB 209). An average recovery ± RSD of 82.8 ± 5.4 % was achieved for all six PCBs in different matrices. The LOQ per single PCB congener is 0.2 mg kg-1. The average recovery ± RSD for the BCR-420 is 92.0 ± 4.6 % and for the BCR-449 is 105 ± 2.5 % for all certified PCBs in waste oils.
Effect of chelating agents on phytoxicity and bioaccumulation of heavy metals in vascular plants
Authors: Horník Miroslav , Guldanová Jana , Pipíška Martin , Marešová Jana , Augustín Jozef
Published: September 2021

In this work the effect of chelating agents ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) and nitrilotriacetate (NTA) on phytotoxicity and bioaccumulation of Cd and Co in tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum L.) hydroponically grown in diluted Hoagland media (HM) spiked with 109Cd and 60Co was studied. Speciation analysis using a program Visual MINTEQ showed, that the portion of bioavailable ionic Me2+ forms significantly decreased in the presence of EDTA or NTA in 25% HM for account of [Me-EDTA]2- or [Me-NTA]- complexes. We found that the equimolar addition of EDTA or NTA to 50 μmol/dm3 CdCl2 or CoCl2 in HM positively diminished phytotoxicity of Cd or Co on tobacco plants. Bioaccumulation of Cd by tobacco roots during 8 d cultivation was minimally affected in the presence of equimolar concentrations of EDTA or NTA to 10 μmol/dm3 CdCl2 in media. On the contrary, equimolar concentration of EDTA or NTA added into HM caused considerable decrease of Co uptake by tobacco roots. Cadmium showed higher mobility in conductive tissues of tobacco plants than cobalt and the transport ratio in the presence of EDTA or NTA increased 2-times or 3-times in comparison with control experiments (without addition of chelates), respectively. In the case of cobalt this effect was observed in a less extent. Obtained data suggest the possibilities and constraints in the use of chelating agents in phytoextraction technologies in term of phytotoxicity, uptake and translocation of metals in plant tissues.
Physical-chemical characterization of uranium containing sediments
Authors: Závodská Lucia , Kosorínová Eva , Lesný Juraj , Bodiš Dušan
Published: September 2021

The presented paper is intended to study the chemical behaviour of combined geogenicanthropogenic uranium content in specific stream sediments. The sampling points have been chosen with respect to the natural conditions in the locality of groundwater outflow from a former uranium mine adit in Považský Inovec mountain range, near Kálnica village. Besides the total uranium determination and physical-chemical characterization of the relevant water- and sediment samples we carried out modified Tessier type sequential fractionation extractions of natural- and artificially contaminated sediment samples after time dependent agitation in air and in the atmosphere of argon. The obtained results have been compared with those fulfilled with montmorillonite K-10. The total uranium concentrations of the relevant groundwater samples as well as of stream sediments have been determined by ICP-MS using HP 4500. The determinations of uranium in extracts have been accomplished according STN757614, utilizing arsenazo III as a selective complex forming reagent for spectrophotometric determination of uranyl-ions at 650 nm. The total uranium concentration of the groundwater outflow and in the sediment taken in its immediate vicinity has been 31.75±0.35 μg dm-3 and 38.0±2.7 μg g-1 respectively. Unlike montmorillonit K-10, in which the carbonate-bound fraction of uranium after 1 week aeration and agitation in argon atmosphere represents 22.8% and 18.6% respectively, uranium in investigated sediments has been present predominantly in carbonate-bound fraction-reaching under similar conditions 38.6% and 26.6%, respectively.
Imprinted polymers in analytical chemistry
Authors: Lehotay Jozef , Lachová Miroslava , Mocák Ján
Published: September 2021

Molecularly imprinted polymers were prepared and tested in different way. 1-methyl-2-piperidinoethylester of 4-decyloxyphenylcarbamic acid was used as template for imprints formation. Acrylamide, 4-vinylpyridine and methacrylic acid as monomers and methanol and acetonitrile as a porogene were used. Non-imprinted polymers (NIP) were prepared for each imprinted polymer by the same procedure. Polymers were employed as sorbents for solid-phase extraction (SPE). In this work the influence of polymerization mixture composition on polymer properties, such as capacity and selectivity, was investigated. The influence of alkoxy-chain length and position on benzene ring on the selectivity of polymers was also investigated.
Formación de docentes: una propuesta de reestructuración
Authors: Díaz Mario
Published: September 2021

La necesidad de preparar un maestro de alto nivel académicocapaz de generar nuevas relaciones con la sociedad y la culturamoderna, la importancia de que dicho maestro construya nuevasrelaciones con el conocimiento -la ciencia y la tecnología-, elinterés de hacer del campo pedagógico un auténtico campointelectual moderno, evidencian la importancia de consolidar elSistema Nacional de Formación de Docentes (S.N.F.D.)
En busca del tiempo perdido La memoria de la educación
Authors: Martins Maria do Carmo
Published: September 2021

En este artículo se describe y analiza la creación del Centro de Memoria de Educación de la Facultad de Educación de la UNICAMP/Brasil –espacio de investigación sobre cuestiones de memoria/historia y educación–, a la vez que refleja las políticas culturales para la memoria y la preservación patrimonial de la educación, las tensiones y posibilidades de su efectividad como centro de investigación y como espacio institucional que contribuye en la formación de educadores. Al mismo tiempo, propone ampliar las discusiones sobre la memoria de la educación, en lo que se refiere a la vinculación de la memoria con disputas sobre las identidades y losderechos sociales, y sobre las molestias provocadas por las políticas y prácticas preservacionistas.