bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evasion of the Interferon-Mediated Antiviral Response by Filoviruses
Authors: Cárdenas Washington B.
Published: January 2010

The members of the filoviruses are recognized as some of the most lethal viruses affecting human and non-human primates. The only two genera of the Filoviridae family, Marburg virus (MARV) and Ebola virus (EBOV), comprise the main etiologic agents of severe hemorrhagic fever outbreaks in central Africa, with case fatality rates ranging from 25 to 90%. Fatal outcomes have been associated with a late and dysregulated immune response to infection, very likely due to the virus targeting key host immune cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) that are necessary to mediate effective innate and adaptive immune responses. Despite major progress in the development of vaccine candidates for filovirus infections, a licensed vaccine or therapy for human use is still not available. During the last ten years, important progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms of filovirus pathogenesis. Several lines of evidence implicate the impairment of the host interferon (IFN) antiviral innate immune response by MARV or EBOV as an important determinant of virulence. In vitro and in vivo experimental infections with recombinant Zaire Ebola virus (ZEBOV), the best characterized filovirus, demonstrated that the viral protein VP35 plays a key role in inhibiting the production of IFN-α/β. Further, the action of VP35 is synergized by the inhibition of cellular responses to IFN-α/β by the minor matrix viral protein VP24. The dual action of these viral proteins may contribute to an efficient initial virus replication and dissemination in the host. Noticeably, the analogous function of these viral proteins in MARV has not been reported. Because the IFN response is a major component of the innate immune response to virus infection, this chapter reviews recent findings on the molecular mechanisms of IFN-mediated antiviral evasion by filovirus infection.
La fecundidad de las provincias españolas en perspectiva histórica
Authors: Delgado Margarita
Published: January 2010

España participa de las mismas tendencias que son comunes al resto de Europa Occidental respecto al curso seguido por la fecundidad, si bien mostrando algunas peculiaridades. La primera transición de la fecundidad en España fue un proceso bastante heterogéneo desde el punto de vista territorial, pues las provincias españolas muestran “tempos” bastante diferenciados. Ocurre lo contrario con la segunda transición, la cual evidencia una gran homogeneidad, principalmente en lo que se refiere a los puntos de inflexión del índice.
El factor más influyente en el descenso de la fecundidad general hasta 1975 es la fecundidad matrimonial, como han mostrado los análisis de regresión. Después de 1975, todavía se aprecia que para más de la mitad de las provincias (26) el descenso de la fecundidad general se explica por el descenso de la fecundidad dentro del matrimonio; solamente en 9 es la nupcialidad la que explica la reducción del índice general, mientras que en el resto operan ambos factores conjuntamente.

[fr] L’Espagne présente les mêmes tendances communes au reste de l’Europe Occidentale par rapport au cours suivi par la fécondité, bien que faisant montre de quelques particularités. La première transition de la fécondité en Espagne fut un processus assez hétérogène du point de vue territorial, les provinces espagnoles présentant des “tempos” assez différentiés. Quant à la deuxième transition, c’est le contraire qui se produit, ce qui met en évidence une grande homogénéité, principalement en ce qui concerne les points d’inflexion de l’indice.
Le facteur le plus influant de la diminution de la fécondité générale jusqu’en 1975 est la fécondité matrimoniale, comme l’ont montré les analyses de régression. Depuis 1975, l’on apprécie encore que pour plus de la moitié des provinces (26), la diminution de la fécondité générale s’explique par la diminution de la fécondité matrimoniale; dans seulement neuf d’entre elles, c’est la nuptialité qui explique la réduction de l’indice général, tandis que dans le reste les deux facteurs agissent conjointement.
Pautas y factores concomitantes en la formación y la disolución de la pareja en España: análisis longitudinal y patrones territoriales
Authors: Miret Gamundi Pau
Published: January 2010

El objetivo del trabajo es mostrar la evolución histórica de las pautas longitudinales de formación y disolución de la pareja en España, y dibujar la heterogeneidad territorial de las mismas. Se observa así que la estabilidad es la excepción a la regla del continuo cambio: las generaciones han retrasado y adelantado cíclicamente su calendario de entrada en pareja, adaptándose siempre a las circunstancias del período vivido, y sin variaciones significativas en la intensidad final, la cual ha respondido a desequilibrios en el mercado matrimonial y no a ninguna revolución cultural en contra de la pareja como institución social de convivencia. Se muestra también un evidente modelo de género en la relación del nivel de instrucción y formación de la pareja. El artículo termina con las pautas de disolución de la pareja por viudedad o divorcio, presentando el aumento contemporáneo en el divorcio y enunciando algunos factores que se encuentran asociados con éste.

[fr] L’objectif du travail est de mettre en avant l’évolution historique des régularités longitudinales dans la formation et la dissolution du couple en Espagne, et en dessiner l’- hétérogénéité territoriale. Ainsi on observe que la stabilité est l’unique exception à la règle du changement continu qui se produit: les générations ont retardé et avancé cycliquement leur calendrier pour former un couple, en s’adaptant constamment aux circonstances de la période vécue, et sans variations significatives en ce qui concerne l’intensité finale, laquelle a répondu à des déséquilibres au sein du marché matrimonial mais il ne s’agit en aucun cas d’une révolution culturelle contre le couple en tant qu’institution sociale. En ce qui concerne la relation au niveau d’instruction et la formation du couple on souligne l’existence évidente d’un modèle de genre. La fin de l’article présente les règles de dissolution du couple, causée par le veuvage ou le divorce, en expliquant l’augmentation contemporaine du divorce et en énonçant quelques facteurs qui y sont associés.
¿De qué se mueren los ancianos en España?
Authors: Robles González Elena
Published: January 2010

Se analiza la evolución, entre 1975 y 2007, de las principales causas de muerte en la población española de 80+ años, a partir del análisis de las tasas estandarizadas de mortalidad que, al eliminar el efecto de la estructura por edad, permiten apreciar el impacto de la mortalidad. Las causas de muerte se han agrupado en 17 grandes grupos, siguiendo la Lista Abreviada de Eurostat. Se describe la caída de la mortalidad debida al descenso de las enfermedades circulatorias, (en especial las cerebrovasculares) y, en menor medida, de las respiratorias, las mal definidas y las causas externas. Por el contrario, la mortalidad en los 13 grupos restantes se ha incrementado durante el período, sobre todo la relativa a tumores, enfermedades del sistema nervioso y trastornos mentales. Se constatan importantes diferencias por género, siendo los tumores y las enfermedades respiratorias muy superiores en los hombres. Ello explicaría la mayor mortalidad masculina de la población anciana.

[fr] On analise l’évolution des principales causes de mort chez la population espagnole de plus de 80 ans de 1975 à 2007, sur la base de l’analyse des taux standarisés de mortalité qui permettent aprécier l’impact de la mortalité en éliminant l’effet de la structure par âge.
Les causes de mort ont été groupées en 17 grands groupes suivant la liste abrégée d’Eurostat. On découvre la chute de la mortalité, due à la déscente des maladies circulatoires, en particulier les cardiovasculaires et, à une moindre échelle, des respiratoires, les mal définies et les causes externes. La mortalité chez le reste des groupes est augmenté au long de cette periode, surtout les tumeurs et les maladies du système nerveux et les dérangemens mentals. Il y a d’importantes différences par sexe, les tumeurs et les maladies respiratoires étant très supérieures chez les hommes, ce qui explique la plus grande mortalité masculine de la population ancienne.
Narrar la propia biografía después de un divorcio. Notas de un estudio cualitativo de interés para la demografía
Authors: Solsona i Pairó Montse
Published: January 2010

En este artículo se discuten algunos resultados de un estudio cualitativo sobre las trayectorias familiares que siguen hombres y mujeres que han vivido una ruptura de una unión en la que hubo hijos. Primero se presenta el diseño de la metodología cualitativa y luego se ofrecen algunos resultados del trabajo de campo realizado en áreas metropolitanas de España donde el divorcio tiene una intensidad mayor. Las narraciones de nuestros biógrafos y biógrafas permiten discutir a fondo el significado mutante de la familia y los vínculos afectivos en la llamada moderna sociedad líquida, y revisar de forma crítica tres conceptos básicos del análisis demográfico de las biografías de rupturas de unión: familia, la datación de los acontecimientos y los llamados factores determinantes. [fr] Dans cet article on discute quelques résultats d’une étude qualitative sur les trajectoires familiales qu’ils suivent des hommes et des femmes qui ont vécu une rupture d’une union dans laquelle il y a eu des enfants. On présente d’abord la conception de la méthodologie qualitative et on offre ensuite quelques résultats de la recherche effectué dans des secteurs métropolitains de l’Espagne où le divorce a une intensité plus grande. Les narrations de nos biographes permettent d’examiner en profondeur la signification mutant de la famille et les liens affectifs dans la moderne société liquide, et de réviser de manière critique trois concepts de base de l’analyse démographique des biographies de ruptures d’union: famille, datation des événements et facteurs déterminants.
THE GENUS CLASTOPTERA (CERCOPIDAE)
Authors: Ball E. D.
Published: January 2010

The members of this genus are all small and globose and are easily separated from other Cercopidae, but here the easy part abruptly ends. The varieties are widely variable in size, form and color, ranging in most species from large pale forms through spotted, striped and variously ornamented ones on down through coppery and bronzy shades to small black forms at the other extreme. The representatives of this group are distributed through North and South America where some 68 or 70 different forms have been named. All of the earlier ones and most of those of later date have been founded on size and color markings alone, which vary with the sex, the food plant, the environment and in some cases at least with the season. Under the circumstances it is manifestly impossible to determine the number of species involved or to work out a stable nomenclature until extended collection and careful life history has been done in the areas involved.
NOTES ON THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS HEXAGENIA WITH DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES (EPHEMEROPTERA)
Authors: McDunnough J.
Published: January 2010

In a pamphlet entitled “Burrowing Mayflies of Our Larger Lakes and Streams,” published in 1920 in the Bulletin United States Bureau of Fisheries, Vol. XXXVI, pp. 269-292, Professor Needham, discussing the species of the genus Hexagenia, makes the statement (op. cit. p. 279) that he is “unable to recognize more than two good and distinct species in the Eastern United States—a lowland species from lakes and rivers, Hexagenia bilineata Say. and an upland bog-stream species, H. recurvata Morg.” He amplifies this statement in previous paragraphs (p. 278) by applying the name bilineata Say. “to all the variants of the species that occupies the beds of our larger lakes and streams. The color differences appear to be only differences of degree. Even the differences of male genitalia—usually our ultimate criteria of species—are intergradient.”
WHAT CONSTITUTES SYNONYMY?
Authors: Townsend C. H.
Published: January 2010

On page 84, article 9, volume 68, Proc. U.S.N.M. (1926), under the head of Eumacronychia, there appears the following statement: “This genus, erected by Townsend in 1892, has long been considered synonymous with Hilarella and has never been generally accepted.”
NOTES ON AN ENTOMOLOGICAL ENIGMA
Authors: Ferris G. F.
Published: January 2010

It is now more than twenty years since H. S. Barber recorded and described a most peculiar insect larva that had been taken from beneath the dead leaves of tree Yucca at Hesperia, on the Mojave Desert in San Bernardino County, California. It may be recalled that specimens of this larva were taken to Washington, where one of them remained alive without taking food for a period of twenty six months. The species was once more recorded by Couden who reported finding a single specimen in old alcoholic material that had been received from D. W. Coquillett at San Bernardino in 1892.
TWO NEW NORTH AMERICAN GENERA OF THE TRIBE EUPARIINI (COLEOPTERA)
Authors: Brown W. J.
Published: January 2010

Maxillary lobes membranous. Mandible with molar corneous, lacinia membranous.

Head wide, strongly deflexed. Front not tuberculate or carinate. Eyes hidden in repose. Clypeus apparently broadly emarginate when viewed from above; in reality not emarginate, the apex being bent ventrad and caudad, this inflexed portion short and limited above by a fine carina.
A BAETINE MAYFLY NYMPH WITH TUSKED MANDIBLES
Authors: Needham James G.
Published: January 2010

This paper is to record the discovery of a mayfly nymph of very surprising form. It comes from the Ogden River in Utah. I collected it along with other aquatics on a hasty trip to that river, just before leaving Utah in July, 1926.
A NEW SPECIES OF DRAKELLA (HETEROPTERA-TINGITIDAE)
Authors: Downes W.
Published: January 2010

A new species of this interesting and little-known genus was recently found at Goldstream, B. C. It was a dead specimen and was found among detritus washed up on the edge of the reservoir. It is close to D. ovata O. & D. but differs from it in many important characters. The specimen is brachypterous.
OBSERVATIONS ON THE CHERMIDAE (HEMIPTERA: HOMOPTERA). PART IV
Authors: Ferris G. F.
Published: January 2010

This genus was named by Enderlein for the reception of a single species, S. cornutiventris Enderlein, from Peru. No indication was given as to the systematic position of the genus, but the generic characters were clearly indicated and it is evident that it belongs—on the basis of Crawford's system, at least—in the subfamily Cherminae, which is Crawford's subfamily Carsidarinae. In fact, on the basis of Crawford's keys it would apparently run to Chermes (=Homotoma). On the basis of the very brief characterization of this genus elsewhere given by Enderlein it would appear that the genus Synoza is sufficiently distinct by reason of the curious venation of the wings alone.
TWO NEW NAMES IN ONTHOPHAGUS
Authors: Blatchley W. S.
Published: January 2010

In the Canadian Entomologist, Vol. XLVIII, 1916, p. 94, I described as new Onthophagus nigrescens from Dunedin, Florida. In the same periodical, Vol. LI, 1919, p. 31, I described Onthophagus alutaceus, also from Dunedin. These two species are, respectively, the numbers 13085 and 19946 of the Leng Catalogue and Supplement.
NEW CERAMBYCIDAE. (COLEOPTERA).
Authors: Hopping George R.
Published: January 2010

Brightly shining, brown above, lighter ochraceous brown beneath, form more elongate and narrower than most of the fasciated species, such as P. varius and P. nitidus. Length 6.25 mm., breadth 1.75 mm.
ON THE NESTING HABITS OF MELISSODES LATR. (HYMENOP.)
Authors: Custer Clarence P.
Published: January 2010

It was in the early days of August, as I approached the armory at Boulder, that I came across the nests of Melissodes obliqua Say. Careful examination disclosed eight entrances in an area of four square meters. This had been traversed by automobiles and so was without vegetation. The bees had constructed tunnels which led at first straight down and then suddenly turned off to one side. Ceaselessly, the males of the colony were darting back and forth. Occasionally, a female circled her way in from the fields, her hind legs bright yellow with their heavy loads of pollen. Then, almost inevitably, the males rushed in on all sides. There was a collision in mid-air and a sudden descent to the ground. Before the males could gather themselves together, the female was on her way. Quickly she made her way to the nest, hovered over the entrance, dropped in head first and was gone.
NOTES ON HOMAEMUS WITH A KEY TO THE SPECIES (HEMIP., SCUTELLERIDAE)
Authors: Walley G. Stuart
Published: January 2010

Of the five species of Homaemus recorded from America, north of Mexico, proteus Stal. and parvulus (Germ.) are cnnfined tn the southern half of United States; variegatus Van D. is known only from California; bijugis Uhl. ranges throughout middle and western United States and Canada, extending southward to Colorado, New Mexico and California; aeneifrons (Say) has been commonly recorded from the Atlantic to the Pacific in northern United States and Canada and has been reported from the southwest from Colorado, New Mexico and California.
LABORATORY BREEDING OF THE EUROPEAN CORN BORER (PYRAUSTA NUBILALIS HUBN.) WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO EQUIPMENT AND CAGES
Authors: Briand L. J.
Published: January 2010

During the last three years considerable time has been devoted to the development of a technique for rearing larvae of the European corn borer, Pyrausta nubilalis Hubn., in quantity. This work nas necessary for the breeding of parasites working on the first instars of the borer, such as, Microgaster tibialis Nees which has been reared successfully during the last two years, Eulimneria crassifemur Thom., Macrocentrus gifuensis Ashm., and Apanteles thompsoni Lyle, work with the last three species being still in the experimental stage. Though large numbers of larvae can be produced by employing the methods outlined in this paper further experiments are in progress with a view to reducing the larval mortality, particularly in the second and third instars.
STUDIES ON HISTERIDAE (COLEOP)
Authors: Hatch Melville H.
Published: January 2010

I take pleasure in naming this species and an hereinafter to be described species of Saprinus after Prof. H. E. Jaques of the Iowa Wesleyan College. The present paper is the result of the studies necessitated hy the specimens of Histeridae sent to me by Prof. Jaques for determination. The types of all the new species and abberrations are in the collection of the author.
A REVISION OF THE NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF EANUS
Authors: Brown W. J.
Published: January 2010

This genus has been considered synonymous with Ludius Esch. but seems distinct by the following characters: form usually robust and strongly convex; front moderately convex, not margined; prothorax wider than long; elytrai striae moderately impressed at base, very feeble or obsolete elsewhere; prosternal lobe rather short; the prosternal process in lateral aspect very strongly arcuate between the coxae and with the apical portion strongly oblique; the prosternal sutures almost straight; coxal plates narrow, more or less narrowed externally; tarsi filiform, the claws simple. Type Limonius estriatus Lec.
SEVEN NEW NAMES IN THE GENUS TIPHIA (HYMENOPTERA, SCOLIIDAE)
Authors: Roberts Raymond
Published: January 2010

In checking over the described species of Tiphia the writer found seven uncorrected homonyms in the genus. Since the activities of the U. S. Department of Agriculture in fighting the Japanese beetle (Popilla japonica) have partially taken on the aspect of biological control, and many species of Asiatic Tiphia have been imported into America, it seems advisable to the writer that the following corrections of specific and variety names be made immediately :

Tiphia intermedia var. EXITIALIS n. n.
A LIST OF THE CRANE-FLIES OF QUEBEC (DIPTERA) II
Authors: Alexander Charles P.
Published: January 2010

The first list under this general title (Can. Ent. 61 : 231-236, 247-251: 1929) recorded from the Province of Quebec I species of Tanyderidae, 2 species each of Ptychopteridae and Trichoceridae, and 139 species of Tipulidae. Collections made in 1929 have added to this list 69 species of Tipulidae that are recorded at this time, such species being preceded by an asterisk (*). To this total of 208 speciest at least 100 species must be added before the record for Quebec can be considered as being approximately complete.
THE GENUS ISONYCHIA (EPHEMEROPTERA)
Authors: McDunnough J.
Published: January 2010

Owing to their general similarity the species of this genus have been much confused and for some time we have been accumulating material in the hopes of being able to straighten out the nomenclature. With the exception of intermedius Eaton from Arizona, which is entirely unknown to me, I find I can now satisfactorily tie down the existing names and incorporate therefore in the present paper the result of my studies.
THE EASTERN NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF THE GENUS EPHEMERELLA AND THEIR NYMPHS (EPHEMEROPTERA)
Authors: McDunnough J.
Published: January 2010

This species, described from a single rather imperfect male specimen, was found very abundantly in certain sections of the Knowlton, Que. region in 1929 and 1930, the adults swarming at dusk and mating on warm evenings in the latter half of June. The very striking nymph was also secured in the small brooks of the Bolton Pass section, four or five miles south of Knowlton. The following notes on the species are offered to supplement the original description.
THE BIOLOGY OF CANADIAN BARKBEETLES: THE SEASONAL HISTORY OF DRYOCOETES CONFUSUS SW
Authors: Mathers W. G.
Published: January 2010

The seasonal history of Dryocoetes confusus Sw., in trunks of Abies lasiocarpa (Hook) Nutt., as found under cage conditions at Stanley, B.C., during the two years 1929 and 1930 is summarized in the following statement.
AN ECOLOGICALLY ANNOTATED LIST OF THE PHALAENIDAE OF MONTANA (LEPID.)
Authors: Cook William C.
Published: January 2010

Xylomoea Staud.

2615 X. didonea Sm. Scattered specimens from all parts of the State except the northern Plains region. August. Rare.

Namangana Staud.

2626 N. praecuta Sm. One specimen from Butte. Aug. 29, 1900, and one from Bozeman, Sept. 14, 1928.

Helotropha Led.

2636 H. reniformis Grt. One specimen from Havre, one from Bozeman, and two from Hamilton, August-September.
NEW NORTH AMERICAN AGROMYZIDAE (DIPT.)
Authors: Frost S. W.
Published: January 2010

Three new species of Agromyza (Liriomyza, Dizygomyza and Agromyza of European workers) are presented herewith. Some of the material has been in the writers possession for a long time awaiting description. The Holotypes will eventually be deposited in the U. S. National Museum.
TWO GENERA OF BEES NEW TO THE RECORDED FAUNA OF NOVA SCOTIA
Authors: Cockerell T. D. A.
Published: January 2010

The following bees, obtained by Professor Brittain of Macdonald College, are of more than ordinary interest and should be recorded.
A NEW SPECIES OF PHYSOCEPHALA FROM ONTARIO, CANADA. (CONOPIDAE, DIPTERA)
Authors: van Duzee M. C.
Published: January 2010

Male : Length 11 mm. Occiput and vertex black; front yellow with a shallow black triangle at vertex, the black extending in a rather narrow stripe to base of antennae, where it is slightly forked; face yellow, cheeks black, this black extending up about to the depressed grooves of the face, which are less yellow and more shining than the rest of the face and somewhat more whitish; lower ends of posterior orbits very narrowly reddish; antennae blackish with first and third joints more or less reddish; style short and thick, third joint somewhat pointed at tip, second joint with a large projection on the side; length of antennal joints about as 15-67-38, of style as 9; proboscis blackish, a little more than twice as long as head.
FOUR NEW DIPTERA IN THE CANADIAN NATIONAL COLLECTION
Authors: Curran C. H.
Published: January 2010

Descriptions of four new species of Diptera contained in a collection received for identification from the Entomological Branch of the Department of Agriculture are contained in the following pages. The types are deposited in the Canadian National Collection of Insects.
A SECOND REPORT ON HEMIPTERA FROM THE NORTH SHORE OF THE GULF OF ST. LAWRENCE
Authors: Walley G. Stuart
Published: January 2010

In a recent number of the “Canadian Entomologist” (LXII, 75, 1930) the writer reported on a collection of Heteroptera made on the north shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence during the summer of 1929, by Mr. W. J. Brown. From collections made in the same region during 1930, fifteen additional species were obtained. These additions are given below following which is a complete list of Homoptera obtained during the two summers, 1929 and 1930. All localities cited are within the Province of Quebec.
TWO NEW BEES OF THE GENUS ANDRENA FROM CANADA
Authors: Cockerell T. D. A.
Published: January 2010

The Canadian bees now described were received from Mr. Albert F. Winn; the types are in my possession.

Andrena lucifera n. sp.

♀. Length about 9 mm., expanse 18; black, including mandibles and legs, the antennae black with the flagellum thickened and faintly brownish beneath beyond the base; pubescence of head and thorai very scanty, dull white, the thorax almost nude above, the sparse hair easily deciduous; head broad, facial quadrangle conspicuously broader than long; mandibles ordinary, malar space linear; process of labrum very large, obtusely triangular, shining; clypeus wholly dull, with a minutely granular surface, and sparse punctures; no smooth line, though the middle is slightly elevated: on each side above the clypeus, from the antennae to the orbits, is a broad highly polished area, but the supraclypeal area and middle of front are dull; facial foveae moderately broad, with shining white tomentum; distance from upper end of fovea to lateral ocellus about or nearly as great as width of fovea; below the foveae extend (with approximately even width) below level of antennae, and are separated from orbits by a shining line; cheeks shining, convex, very broad, the upper part strongly keeled behind; third antennal joint fully as long as 4+5; meso-thorax dullish, more shining posteriorly, without evident punctures under a lens, but the microscope shows a minutely tessellated surface and scattered small punctures; scutellum polished, with a median impressed line; mesopleura glistening, rugulose, the lower part produced into a sort of tubercle, and the shining anterior face of lower part having a triangular outline; metathorax dull and granular, but the large basal area triangular, with numerous conspicuous plicae, radiating at sides and a few stronger ones in middle; tegulae reddish brown, anteriorly blackened; wings conspicuously reddish, stigma dark reddish brown, the middle darker than the margins, veins brown; basal nervure falling well short of nervulus; second cubital cell narrow, much higher than broad, receiving recurrent nervure not far from end; legs with pale brown hair, the hind tibial scopa wholly pale, faintly reddish, the hairs on outer side simple; spurs normal, pale reddish; abdomen broad, highly polished, nude above, without bands, the hind margins of the tergites obscurely brownish; under a lens no distinct punctures are visible, but the microscope shows sparse minute punctures; apical depression of first tergite short, of second less than half distance from base to apex, but rather more than two-fifths; apical fimbria pale brown; venter with dull whitish hair.
NOTES ON UTAH HEMIPTERA
Authors: Knowlton George F.
Published: January 2010

Several interesting records of Hemiptera are recorded from Utah in the following short list. The writer is indebted to Mr. H. G. Barber of the National Museum for naming the material.
VARIATIONS WITHIN THE SPECIES OF THE NEMESTRINID FLY RHYNCOCEPHALUS SACKENI WILLISTON
Authors: Graham Kenneth
Published: January 2010

As I was working over a series of Nemestrinid flies with Curran's key, certain variations at once became apparent. The series consists of 93 females of Rhyncocephalus sackeni, Williston, identified by Mr. Curran himself, and it seemed advisable to list the points used in the key and to assign therein the irregularities occurring in the flies, together with some variations in wing venation.
STUDIES IN THE LIFE HISTORY OF TRACHYKELE BLONDELI MARSEUL
Authors: Hopping Geo. R.
Published: January 2010

In connection with studies on the biology of T. blondeli, condnctec in the years 1926 to 1930 inclusive, at Pender Harbour, British Columbia, red cedar trees were inclosed in cheese-cloth cages with a view to determining the duration of the larval stage. The cages were constructed prior to April 30, 1926, and the emergence of bettles from the trees was recorded.
A NEW EOCENE SYRPHID FROM COLORADO (DIPTERA)
Authors: James Maurice T.
Published: January 2010

Only the abdomen is preserved, but its markings are quite distinct, and indicate a Syrphid. Unfortunately, the wings are missing, so the exact generic relationship can not be determined; I am referring it to Syrphus at the suggestion of Dr. Charles R. Jones.
DISTRIBUTION OF POLISTES IN CANADA, WITH NOTES ON THE GENUS
(HYMENOP.)
Authors: Hayward C. Lynn
Published: January 2010

Through the courtesy of Dr. J. McDunnough of the Division of Systematic
Entomology, Canada Department of Agriculture, I have had the privilege of
examining a series of Polistes from several of
the Southern Canadian Provinces. It is the purpose of this paper to discuss
the distribution of this genus as shown by the collection and to present
some comments on the characteristics of the species studied, especially as
they relate to the United States forms.
A SUCCESSFUL PARASITE INTRODUCTION INTO BRITISH COLUMBIA
Authors: Glendenning R.
Published: January 2010

Since 1925 the lecanium scale Eulecanium coryli (L) has been one of the most destructive insects in the coast region of British Columbia. It was introduced accidentally from Europe about 1913. A great variety of hosts are attacked, the chief of these, in order of preference, being: alder, horse-chest-nut, maples of several species, hawthorn, mountain ash, laurel, elm and garden roses; a few scales are often to be found on species of Rubus, Populus, Betula and Salix.
NOTES ON NORTH AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES
Authors: McDunnough J.
Published: January 2010

This species, which in all the later lists has been placed in the genus Euxoa, will have to be transferred to Agrotis on the strength of the male genitalia which are typical of this latter genus; the front, furthermore, is only slightly bulging and roughened and does not show the tubercle with raised edges characteristic of most of the Euxoa species.
FAUNAE OF NESTS OF THE MAGPIE AND CROW IN WESTERN MONTANA
Authors: Jellison WM. L. , Philip Cornelius B.
Published: January 2010

Incidental to the collecting of ticks and other animal parasites in the Bitterroot Valley of Southwestern Montana, a number of nests of magpies. Pica pica hudsonicus, and a nest of the common crow, Corvus brachyrhynchos, were examined particularly for blood sucking dipterous larvae, Protocalliphora spp.
NEW EPHEMEROPTERA FROM THE GASPE PENINSULA
Authors: McDunnough J.
Published: January 2010

The summer of 1933 was spent by Mr. W. J. Brown of the Dominion Entomological Branch in insect faunal survey work on the Gaspe Peninsula, his camp being located on the slopes of Mt. Lyall, near the headwaters of the Cascapedia river, at an altitude of about 1500 ft. A small but very interesting collection of Ephemeroptera was secured, comprising Blasturus nebulosus Wlk., Leptophlebia adoptiva McD., Leptophlebia debilis Wlk., Ephemerella aurivillii Bngsstn., Baetis vagans McD., Iron pleuralis Banks and Iron gracilis Morg. There were further three undescribed species taken which very clearly link up the Ephemerid species of the Gaspe peninsula with those of the Rocky Mountain region; of one of these the nymphal association was discovered. I describe these species as follows.
DESCRIPTION OF A CHALCIDOID PARASITE OF PROTOCALLIPHORA (HYMENOP.)
Authors: Gahan A. B.
Published: January 2010

Specimens of a chalcidoid parasite reared by Wm. L., Jellison and Cornelius B. Philip, of the Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Laboratory of the United States Public Health Service at Hamilton, Montana, from pupae of Protociilliphora avium Shannon and Dobroscky infesting bird nests appear to represent a genus and species new to science and are described below.
THE ODONATA OF MANITOBA
Authors: Walker E. M.
Published: January 2010

In 1912 the writer published a preliminary list of the Odonata of the prairie provinces of Canada (Walker, 12a ), in which 49 species were recorded, including 40 from Manitoba. Since that time 23 additional species have been taken in this province and our knowledge of the distribution of those already recorded has been considerably extended. Some of these records have already been published in the “Entomological Record” and elsewhere (see list of references) but they are scattered and incomplete and it therefore seems worth while to bring all the available data together into one paper as a basis for future work on the Manitoba fauna.
STONEFLIES FROM THE PURCELL RANGE, B. C.
Authors: Neave Ferris
Published: January 2010

The Purcell Range forms the easternmost portion of the Selkirk Mountains. It runs nearly north and south and is well marked off from other mountain ranges by the Rocky Mountain Trench on the east and the Purcell Trench on the west. The latter is occupied in part by Kootenay Lake. Even the broad geography of this range is imperfectly known as yet and its entomological resources are practically unknown.
VARIOUS NEW BUTTERFLIES (LEPID., RHOPALOCERA)
Authors: Gunder J. D.
Published: January 2010

The white female of mendii Edw. without the typical burnt-orange color. Green of under sides, common character of black border maculation and rose tinted fringes and antennae as usual. The cell spot on the upper side of the secondaries is cream color and beneath it has the usual silver center.
ANNOTATED CHECK LIST OF THE MACROLEPIDOPTERA OF ALBERTA—ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS
Authors: Bowman Kenneth
Published: January 2010

The following additions and corrections bring my “Check List of the Macrolepidoptera of Alberta” up to date. The changes in the Eupithecias are based on Dr. McDunnough's revision which appeared in the “Canadian Entomologist,” Vol. 61, p. 59.
NEW SPECIES OF NORTH AMERICAN EPHEMEROPTERA IV
Authors: McDunnough J.
Published: January 2010

Male. Eyes deep black-brown. Head black with the pits of the antennae and a small area posterior to the mid-ocellus pale yellowish. Pronotum black; mesonotum black with slight brownish shading along lateral edges posteriorly; the membranous area between base of wing and fore coxa pale yellowish, shaded with light brown, and containing a blackish streak; metanotum black with slight yellowish tinges in median area; pleura and sternum black with the less heavily chitinized portions, especially around bases of legs, pale yellowish.
NEW SPECIES OF NORTH AMERICAN EPHEMEROPTERA IV
Authors: McDunnough J.
Published: January 2010

In my paper on the nymph of Cinygma integrum (1933, Can. Ent. LXV, 73) there is a rather serious error which I wish to correct. At the time my material was limited to a single nymphal exuvia; now with the mature nymphs and more exuviae at my disposal I find that the peculiar nature of the maxillae, as described and figured in the above paper, was abnormal and probably brought about by contraction occurring during the process of making a slide of the mouth-parts.
TINGITOIDEA AFFECTING COTTON
Authors: Fenton F. A.
Published: January 2010

In May, 1933, my attention was drawn to a peculiar leaf injury to young cotton plants at Presidio, Texas. The leaves showed a striking reddish brown spotting from the upper side that at first glance resembled red-spider injury. The damaged plants were quite localized in one section of a large cotton field. Examinaion revealed the presence of large numbers of lace bugs present on the lower surface of the leaves. This species was identified as Gargaphia iridescens Champion by H. G Barber of the U. S. National Museum. Gibson, 1919, records the food plants as Ambrosia, Solanum, Malva, and sand nettle. According to records in the U. S. National Museum, this species has been collected by McMillan at Brownsville, Texas, on Solanum, string beans, and Ambrosia; on egg plant at Olmito, Texas, by McMillan; on Croton texanus at Tucson, Arizona, by W. D. Pierce.
ON FORBES' GROUPING OF AGROTINE GENERA
Authors: McDunnough J.
Published: January 2010

In a recent paper entitled “A Grouping of the Agrotine Genera,” by Dr. W. T. M. Forbes (1934, Ent. Am. XIV, pp. 1-41) there is considerable discussion of my “Generic Revision of North American Agrotid Moths,” particularly in connection with what the author claims is my idea of the phylogenetic sequence of the genera. Now, while I value highly a number of Forbes' critical remarks and believe that his studies form an excellent check on my own work, I strongly object to being credited with statements which I had not made, due to either a careless reading or a misinterpretation of my text. A number of such misstatements have crept into Forbes' paper and I believe, therefore, that in justice to myself I may be permitted to call attention to these errors.
A CONTRIBUTION TO THE INSECT FAUNA OF TIMAGAMI
Authors: Brown A. W. A.
Published: January 2010

Lake Timagami is the centre of one of the few extensive pine forests of the Canadian Zone which still remain. The virgin conditions of half a continent make their last stand against lumbering and settlement in such regions as this; a study of its fauna seems, therefore, imperative to Canadian biologists.

This collection, of which a list follows, was made in the summer of 1932 though unfortunately no collecting was done during the period from June 12 to July 21. No attempt at life-history notes is made, but macro- and micro habitat of the adult are recorded where possible. Localities are indicated by initials and described separately.
BEHAVIOR NOTES ON CERTAIN SOLITARY WASPS
Authors: Rau Phil
Published: January 2010

Sphex (Ammophila) nigricans. Dahl. Several nests were seen on October 12, 1930, at Pittsburgh Lake, Ill. (Opposite St. Louis, Mo.). The mothers were excavating nests although it was very late in the season. The burrows in the ground were “L” shaped; the neck, one-half inch in diameter by one-half inch long; the pocket at the bottom, one-inch wide by three-fourths inches deep. I found one caterpillar at the bottom of each of the three nests I opened.
THE AMERICAN SPECIES OF DALOPIUS ESCH. (ELATERIDAE, COLEOP.)
Authors: Brown W. J.
Published: January 2010

Male. Length 5.8 mm. Reddish-yellow: the legs paler; the front, vertex, a large discal cloud on the pronotum, and the abdomen except apical segment pale reddish-brown; each elytron pale reddish-yellow with the side and suture margined with blackish except in apical sixth; the lateral stripe occupying two intervals; the sutural stripe occupying four intervals at base, narrowed to apex.
An Explicit Treatment of Cubic Function Fields with Applications
Authors: Landquist E. , Rozenhart P. , Scheidler R. , Webster J. , Wu Q.
Published: January 2010

We give an explicit treatment of cubic function fields of characteristic at least five. This includes an efficient technique for converting such a field into standard form, formulae for the field discriminant and the genus, simple necessary and sufficient criteria for non-singularity of the defining curve, and a characterization of all triangular integral bases. Our main result is a description of the signature of any rational place in a cubic extension that involves only the defining curve and the order of the base field. All these quantities only require simple polynomial arithmetic as well as a few square-free polynomial factorizations and, in some cases, square and cube root extraction modulo an irreducible polynomial. We also illustrate why and how signature computation plays an important role in computing the class number of the function field. This in turn has applications to the study of zeros of zeta functions of function fields.
Degenerate p-Laplacian Operators and Hardy Type Inequalities on H-Type Groups
Authors: Jin Yongyang , Zhang Genkai
Published: January 2010

Let 𝔾 be a step-two nilpotent group of H-type with Lie algebra 𝔊 = V ⊕ t. We define a class of vector fields X = {Xj} on 𝔾 depending on a real parameter k ≥ 1, and we consider the corresponding p-Laplacian operator Lp,ku = divX(|∇Xu|p−2∇Xu). For k = 1 the vector fields X = {Xj} are the left invariant vector fields corresponding to an orthonormal basis of V; for 𝔾 being the Heisenberg group the vector fields are the Greiner fields. In this paper we obtain the fundamental solution for the operator Lp,k and as an application, we get a Hardy type inequality associated with X.
Synthesis of mechanical driver and power generation configurations, Part 1: Optimization framework
Authors: Del Nogal Frank L. , Kim Jin‐Kuk , Perry Simon , Smith Robin
Published: January 2010

This article presents a novel, systematic, and robust procedure for driver and power plant selection based on mathematical programming. The discrete nature of gas turbines is considered as gas turbine drivers and gas turbine‐based power plants are selected from a group of candidates. Plant availability with considering parallel compression has also been included, which allows a more comprehensive exploitation of the trade‐offs between capital costs, operating costs, and availability. When neglecting process heating and any steam equipment, the formulation can be applied to heavily power dominated processes, such as LNG. However, a more comprehensive formulation, allowing waste heat recovery and the integration with a multilevel steam system, is also proposed to produce more thermally efficient systems. This approach proved to be flexible and robust and is the first in producing solutions ranging from no‐steam to all‐steam systems, including all‐gas turbine, all‐motor and hybrid gas turbine/motor/steam systems. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2010
Synthesis of mechanical driver and power generation configurations, Part 2: LNG applications
Authors: Del Nogal Frank L. , Kim Jin‐Kuk , Perry Simon , Smith Robin
Published: January 2010

Optimization framework for the synthesis of power systems has been presented in Part 1 of this article, which systematically identifies the most cost‐efficient number, type, and model of mechanical drivers, together with optimal arrangement for compressor stage, helper motors or generators, and power plants. The developed methodology is applied to an LNG case study in which optimal and near‐optimal systems at various economic scenarios are identified. Also, a systematic methodology for the integrated design of refrigeration and power systems has been addressed to improve the overall design of low temperature processes. Additional key degrees of freedom such as stage pressure ratios and plant capacity are optimized, alongside other design variables, which provide greater flexibility in the matching of power supply and demands. This strategy is applied to an LNG case study and shows the convenience of this approach as the interactions between the refrigeration and power systems are systematically exploited. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2010
Mortality and incidence in women with 47,XXX and variants
Authors: Stochholm Kirstine , Juul Svend , Gravholt Claus Højbjerg
Published: January 2010

47,XXX syndrome is among the most common sex chromosomal disorders; however, apart from screening surveys, epidemiological data are limited. We report data on 136 women diagnosed with 47,XXX or a compatible karyotype in Denmark during 1963–2008. We identified an incidence of 10.7 per 100,000 liveborn girls, which was lower than expected and was stable during the study period. Age at diagnosis ranged from 0 to 73 years, with a diagnostic delay of 18.2 years or more in half the 47,XXX persons. We compared persons with 47,XXX with an age‐matched cohort of the female background population (born same year and month), identified in Statistics Denmark (n = 13,400). Mortality was significantly increased in total with a hazard ratio of 2.5 (1.6–3.9), corresponding to a difference in median survival of 7.7 years. When we divided causes of death into 19 chapters according to the International Classification of Diseases, a generally increased mortality was identified in all informative chapters. Furthermore, we identified significantly increased mortality in cardiovascular diseases, in the chapter concerning chromosomal and congenital defects, and in the chapter of unspecified diseases. Better delineation of the clinical phenotype of 47,XXX is needed; available information does not readily explain the increased mortality. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Terminal 3p deletions in two families—Correlation between molecular karyotype and phenotype
Authors: Pohjola Pia , de Leeuw Nicole , Penttinen Maila , Kääriäinen Helena
Published: January 2010

The 3p deletion syndrome is a rare disorder caused by deletions of different sizes in the 3p25‐pter region. It is characterized by growth retardation, developmental delay, mental retardation, dysmorphism, microcephaly, and ptosis. The phenotype of individuals with deletions varies from normal to severe. Most cases occur de novo, but a few familial cases have been reported. We describe two families with terminal 3p deletions and extremely variable clinical features. In family A, the mother and daughter were extremely mildly affected whereas the son had more severe clinical features. In family B, the mother was normal and her son was affected, having some symptoms that had not been described in the 3p deletion syndrome before. The deletions were characterized by genome‐wide SNP array analysis and were 9 and 1.1 Mb in size. Sequencing analysis of the CHL1, CNTN4, and CRBN genes did not reveal any masked recessive alleles that might explain the more severe phenotypes in the probands. In family A, the 9 Mb deletion can be considered causal for the 3p deletion syndrome in the proband, but the extremely mild phenotype in the other family members remains unexplained. In family B, the 1.1 Mb terminal deletion encompasses only the CHL1 gene, which is insufficient to cause 3p deletion symptoms; thus the clinical features observed in this family may have a different cause. The variable penetrance of 3p deletions creates challenges in genetic counseling, as the phenotype of the offspring cannot be predicted based on chromosomal and/or genome‐wide array analytical findings. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.