bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
People of the Book? Responses to the Bible as ‘Big Story’ or ‘Drama’
Authors: Hunt Cherryl
Published: October 2018

Over recent decades there have been voices calling for a greater focus on communicating the Bible’s ‘big story’, metanarrative, or ‘drama’ to ordinary Christians. It has been suggested that this will enable deeper engagement with the biblical texts, better interpretation and more adequate application including effective mission. To this end, a number of resources have been devised as vehicles by which the biblical story may be told. This paper examines responses to two of these resources, as they were used in small groups across a number of denominations and presents some suggestions for how to shape and deliver any such programme within churches.
“Not walled facts, their essence”: Derek Walcott’s Tiepolo’s Hound and Camille Pissarro
Authors: Fumagalli Maria Cristina
Published: October 2018

Life writing — a genre which goes beyond traditional biography, includes both fact and fiction, and is concerned with either entire lives or days-in-the-lives of individuals, communities, objects, or institutions — has always played an important role in Derek Walcott’s work. This body of work reaches from Another Life (1973),Walcott’s autobiography in verse, to his last play O Starry Starry Night (2014), where he re-imagines Paul Gauguin and Vincent Van Gogh’s (often tempestuous) cohabitation in the so-called “Yellow House” in 1888 Arles. In Tiepolo’s Hound (2000), Walcott’s life rhymes with that of the Impressionist painter Jacob Camille Pissarro, who was born in the Caribbean island of St Thomas in 1830. In this work, biographical and autobiographical impulses, fact and fiction, are productively combined, as “creation” (what “might have happened”) shapes Walcott’s life writing as much as “recreation” (what “actually” happened). Walcott’s Pissarro is an individual immersed in a set of historical networks. He is also a figure at the centre of a web of imagined relations which illuminate the predicament of present and past artists in the Caribbean region and the ways in which they articulate their vision vis-à-vis the metropolitan centre, their relationship with their social and natural environment, and their individual and collective identity. Tiepolo’s Hound is enriched by the inclusion of 26 of Walcott’s own paintings which engage in conversation with the poet’s words and add complexity to his meditation on the nature and purpose of (re)writing and (re)creating lives. Extending the catholicity of life writing to animals, in this case dogs and, in particular, mongrels, Tiepolo’s Hound also entails a careful, if counterintuitive, evaluation of anonymity.
Modeling and analysis of the effect of substrate on the flexible piezoelectric films for kinetic energy harvesting from textiles
Authors: Chakhchaoui Nabil , Jaouani H , Ennamiri H , Eddiai A , Hajjaji A , Meddad M , Van Langenhove Lieva , Boughaleb Y
Published: October 2018

In the last few years, a lot of research focused on increasing of smart textiles products such as woven and knitted structures, which are able to show significant change in their mechanical properties (such as shape and stiffness), in a practical way in response to the stimuli. In this paper, we investigate the potential of a flexible piezoelectric film stuck onto three woven textile matrices: cotton, polyester/cotton, and Kermel, for harvesting mechanical energy from the textile and converting it into electrical energy. At first, a brief introduction of energy harvesting using the piezoelectric material and smart textile is presented. Furthermore, a basic model showing the operation of polyvinylidene fluoride with 33 mode is established.

The second part is focused on standard approach model of energy harvesting based on resistive load and freestanding piezo-polymer for the examination of the performance of 33-mode polyvinylidene fluoride energy harvester and the prediction of harvested energy quantity.

A power analytical model generated by a smart structure type polyvinylidene fluoride that can be stuck onto fabrics and flexible substrates is investigated. On the other hand, the effects of various substrates and the sticking of these substrates on the piezoelectric material are reported. Additionally, the output power density of this theoretical model of woven textile matrices could reach a value that was seven times higher than freestanding piezo-polymer. Three types of the substrates have been compared as function of excitation frequency and the compressive applied force.
Water absorption effect on the in-plane shear properties of jute–glass–carbon-reinforced composites using Iosipescu test
Authors: Abd El-baky MA , Attia MA
Published: October 2018

The main objective of the present paper is to study the water absorption of jute–glass–carbon-reinforced epoxy composites and its subsequent effect on the in-plane shear performance of these composites. The effects of the reinforcement hybridization, stacking sequence and relative fabric amounts on the shear behavior of dry and wet conditioned composite specimens are reported and discussed. Composites have been fabricated in inter-ply configuration using the hand lay-up process. The prepared specimens have been subjected to distilled water and sea water immersion at room temperature for 60 days. Results indicated that water uptake of jute-reinforced composite and its hybrids with glass and/or carbon follows Fickian-like behavior. Water uptake induces a significant decrease in the in-plane shear strength. Hybridizing jute fabric with glass and/or carbon fabrics improves the in-plane shear properties of both dry and wet specimens. The stacking sequence and relative fabric amounts have a noticeable effect on the studied shear properties. Also, the hybrid composite with jute as facings and glass as core, JGJ, offers the most balanced set of properties on a cost-effective basis compared to the other studied hybrids.
Remote Acculturation and Cigarette Smoking Susceptibility Among Youth in Mexico
Authors: Lorenzo-Blanco Elma I. , Arillo-Santillán Edna , Unger Jennifer B. , Thrasher James
Published: October 2018

Many adolescents in majority world countries emulate U.S. American culture, which can influence their development. Globalization allows adolescents from majority world countries to learn about U.S. American culture through mass media and the exchange of information via the Internet and other forms of communication. As such, youth in Mexico may experience remote acculturation, which can influence their smoking behaviors. We developed and tested a measure of remote acculturation (i.e., orientation to U.S. American and Mexican culture) among adolescents in Mexico and examined the association of remote acculturation with adolescents’ smoking-related cognitions. Data came from a school-based survey of 5,492 never-smoker, urban adolescents (51% female, M age = 14.07 years). Confirmatory factor analyses supported two latent factors—one for U.S. American and another for Mexican cultural orientation. Structural equation models revealed that stronger Mexican cultural orientation was associated with lower positive smoking-related attitudes, which were related with lower smoking susceptibility. Consistent with research on acculturation among U.S. Hispanic youth, findings indicate that stronger orientation toward U.S. culture may put adolescents in Mexico at risk of cigarette smoking, whereas greater orientation toward Mexican culture may prevent youth smoking in Mexico. We discuss directions for future research and policy-making strategies to prevent youth smoking in Mexico.
Injuries due to caustics ingestion in children: A psychological approach to the suspicion of childish jealousies
Authors: Mehrpisheh Shahrokh , Taftachi Farrokh , Abdolkarimi Leila , Memarian Azadeh
Published: October 2018

Most injuries from caustics ingestion occur due to parental negligence, but other causes such as psychological tendency or childish jealousy or behaviour may be the major cause for harming. Here, we describe a case of injury in a neonate who ingested a caustic substance, probably induced by his brother, but not as a consequence of the negligence of his parents. The mother said she had fed the child toilet bleach instead of water and was very concerned about the child's condition. However, when the baby's older brother was interviewed he did not show concern and was very confused and provided contradictory responses about his knowledge of the poisoning. Later, it was revealed that the baby's brother had prepared the milk and knew what was in it. In our case, damage by caustics ingestion may have been intentional due to psychological problems in parents causing child abuse or in other children due to childish jealousy.
Intergroup Communication in Online Forums: The Effect of Group Identification on Online Support Provision
Authors: Li Siyue , Zhang Guanjin
Published: October 2018

Guided by the frameworks of the social identity model of deindividuation effects (SIDE) and the intergroup sensitivity effect, this experiment examined whether and how group identification manifested in user avatars, along with the supportiveness of others’ comments to a support-seeking post, may affect people’s support provision online. Participants were given the option to reply to a support-seeking post in an interactive forum. Participants’ responses were coded for verbal person-centeredness (VPC) and action-focused supportiveness. The SIDE model received some support. The results suggested that more participants replied to a support-seeking message posted by an in-group than by an out-group. Participants provided higher levels of action-focused supportiveness after viewing supportive comments from in-groups than from out-groups. They also provided messages with lower levels of VPC when exposed to unsupportive comments from in-groups than from out-groups. The intergroup sensitivity effect did not receive strong support. The implications of the study are discussed.
The association between perceived personal power, team commitment and intrinsic motivation for permanent and temporary workers
Authors: de Jong Jeroen P , Wilkin Christa L , Rubino Cristina
Published: October 2018

To date, research on how temporary workers are embedded in teams is limited to how they impact their co-workers with permanent contracts and how temporary workers impact team functioning and performance through power structures in teams. We know very little about how the perceptions of personal power of temporary and permanent workers affect their own motivation and commitment. This study aims to assess the relationship between perceived personal power, intrinsic motivation and team commitment for temporary versus permanent workers. Drawing on Conservation of Resources Theory, the authors propose that this association is non-linear for temporary workers and linear for permanent workers. They test these assumptions using a sample of 64 temporary and 275 permanent workers nested in 58 teams. Multilevel analyses show that for temporary workers, the association between personal power perceptions and intrinsic motivation and team commitment flattens at moderate to high levels of perceived personal power. For permanent workers, the study finds a linear relationship. Implications for theory are discussed.
Shaping Responses to Torture: What You Call It Matters
Authors: Rios Kimberly , Mischkowski Dominik
Published: October 2018

Although torture is largely ineffective for gaining information from terrorism suspects, nearly half of Americans support its use. Building upon previous work examining predictors of responses to such tactics and willingness to label them as “torture,” this research tested whether the “torture” label itself can influence attitudes. Across five experiments using two different populations, both politically liberal and conservative participants showed more negative attitudes toward “torture” than “enhanced interrogation,” even given identical descriptions of the tactics. This greater negativity in response to “torture” extended to actual behavior (signing a petition) and was driven by cognitive appraisals of severity as well as feelings of personal distress and other-directed empathic concern. Furthermore, there was a small but significant effect for such effects to be stronger among conservatives than liberals. These findings have implications for the underpinnings of attitudes toward torture, potential ways to shift such attitudes, and the psychological consequences of labels.
Congenital left ventricular aneurysm diagnosed with atrial septal defect
Authors: Kobayashi Yasuyuki , Kotani Yasuhiro , Kuroko Yosuke , Arai Sadahiko , Kasahara Shingo
Published: October 2018

An 8-year-old girl with no history of chest pain or exertional dyspnea was admitted for atrial septal defect closure. Transthoracic echocardiography showed a sac in the right atrium, protruding from the left ventricle. A left ventricular aneurysm was confirmed by cardiac catheterization. At surgery, the protruding saccular aneurysm arising from the left ventricle was located between the atrial septal defect and the tricuspid valve. We closed the orifice with interrupted sutures from the right atrium. The atrial septal defect was closed with an autologous pericardial patch. Histology showed the aneurysmal wall had no myocardial layer, being replaced by fibrous tissue.
An Empirical Test of Capital Asset-pricing Model and Three-factor Model of Fama in Indian Stock Exchange
Authors: Sreenu Nenavath
Published: October 2018

This article aims to test the capital asset-pricing model (CAPM) and three-factor model of Fama in Indian Stock Exchange, and it has focused on the recent growth of capital markets in India and the need of practitioners in these markets to determine a stable price for securities, and achieving expected returns has brought into consideration the theories predicting price securities Among different models the CAPM of Sharp. The study uses a sample of daily data and annual average for 54 companies listed on the National Stock Exchange, during the period from 2010 to 2016. The research article’s intention is to find whether the relationship between expected return and risk is linear, if beta is a complete measure of the risk and if a higher risk is compensated by a higher expected return. The results confirm that the intercept is statistically insignificant, upholding theory, for both individual assets and portfolios. The tests do not essentially provide validation against CAPM and Fama; however, other simulations can be built, more close to reality, by improving the model and offering an alternative which also takes into account the specific conditions of the Indian capital market and the global financial crisis consequences.
Verbal Person Centeredness in Interaction: Connecting Micro- and Macro-Level Operationalization
Authors: MacGeorge Erina L. , Branch Sara E. , Carlson-Hill Cassandra L. , Tian Xi , Caldes Emily P. , Miskovsky Megan N. , Beatty Shannon , Brinker David L.
Published: October 2018

Verbal person centeredness (VPC) is a long-dominant conceptualization of quality in supportive communication, but prior work provides limited guidance for researchers seeking to examine its impact in interaction. This study examined the extent to which overall VPC for an interaction is predicted by support providers’ specific behaviors. In a laboratory setting, pairs of friends (320 dyads) discussed a problem that one of them was currently experiencing. Transcripts of these interactions were coded by separate research teams for overall VPC of support provision and for the topic, function, and experiential focus of each discrete thought-unit produced by the support provider. Regression analyses showed that VPC was predicted by units representing specific, theoretically interpretable combinations of topical, functional, and experiential focus. The findings provide evidence of validity for procedures used to code VPC for supportive interactions while also displaying ways in which person centeredness is accomplished somewhat differently in interaction than in discrete messages.
Who gets mad and who feels bad? Mate value discrepancies predict anger and shame in response to transgressions in romantic relationships
Authors: Goetz Cari D. , Maria Nestor M.
Published: October 2018

Mate value discrepancies (MVDs) predict multiple outcomes in romantic relationships, including relationship satisfaction, jealousy, and forgiveness. We tested the hypotheses that MVDs would predict anger and shame in response to both medium and strong transgressions within romantic relationships. Participants in long-term committed relationships read scenarios describing relational transgressions and rated how much anger and shame they would feel if they were either the victim or the perpetrator of the transgressions in their current relationship. We found partial support for our hypotheses. Victims of medium-level transgressions were angrier the more alternative potential mates there were that were closer to their ideal mate preferences than their current partner. Perpetrators of strong transgressions felt more shame the higher in mate value their partner was compared to them. Results suggest that different MVDs may predict different outcomes in relationships and highlight the importance of using functional theories of emotions to predict individual differences in emotional responses.
Local economic development for urban resilience: The South African experiment
Authors: van der Waldt Gerrit
Published: October 2018

The severity of environmental problems, rapid urbanisation and the dynamics underlying local governance requires clear strategies for local economic development, which target specific growth areas and collectively aim to increase the resilience of urban communities. A resilient city is one that has developed capacities to absorb future shocks and stresses. Therefore, the collective aim of such a city’s systems, structures, processes and functions entails responding to challenges of sustainable development. Local economic development is generally regarded as an integrated strategy to address complex urban challenges by promoting economic development in local areas. The purpose of this article is twofold: to explore the critical interface between urban resilience and local economic development, and to uncover the successes and failures of local economic development applications in local, district and metropolitan municipalities in South Africa. This assessment and accompanying recommendations can provide valuable guidelines for local economic development best practice.
Comparison of standard-dose and half-dose dual-source abdominopelvic CT scans for evaluation of acute abdominal pain
Authors: Lee Ki Hyun , Shim Young Sup , Park So Hyun , Park Seong Ho , Choi Seung Joon , Pak Seong Yong , Cheong Hyunhee
Published: October 2018

Background

With the increasing number of computed tomography (CT) scans used for evaluation of acute abdominal pain, patient radiation exposure has increased rapidly.

Purpose

To determine whether the diagnostic performance of half-dose abdominopelvic CT is non-inferior to that of standard-dose CT for patients with acute abdominal pain.

Material and Methods

Ninety-eight patients with acute abdominal pain underwent dual-source abdominopelvic CT. Three sets of CT images were reconstructed: standard-dose filtered back projection (FBP); half-dose FBP; and half-dose sinogram-affirmed iterative reconstruction (SAFIRE3). Diagnostic performance of the standard-dose scan was compared with that of the half-dose scans by using a non-inferiority test with a 10% margin. The overall image quality was subjectively measured.

Results

Diagnostic performance for overall disease diagnosis with half-dose scans (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] = 0.835 for FBP, 0.881 for SAFIRE3) was non-inferior to that of standard-dose FBP (AUC = 0.891) (95% confidence interval lower limit difference = −5.6% [half-dose FBP], −1.2% [half-dose SAFIRE3]). The diagnostic sensitivity for detection of neoplastic disease was lower with half-dose (75.0%) than with standard-dose FBP (91.7%). Effective dose and dose-length product with standard-dose imaging were 7.99 ± 2.55 mSv and 533.1 ± 170.3 mGy·cm, respectively; those of half-dose imaging were 3.99 ± 1.28 mSv and 266.6 ± 85.2 mGy·cm, respectively. The image quality was lower with half-dose than with standard-dose FBP scans ( P < 0.01).

Conclusion

Diagnostic performance of half-dose CT is non-inferior to that of standard-dose scan for evaluation of acute abdominal pain, despite inferior image quality.
Single-center analysis of patients with frontal fibrosing alopecia: evidence for hypothyroidism and a good quality of life
Authors: Valesky Eva Maria , Maier Manuela Denise , Kaufmann Roland , Zöller Nadja , Meissner Markus
Published: October 2018

Objective

Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is an underestimated scarring alopecia. This study aimed to examine epidemiological information, as well as predilection sites, associated diseases, and responses to therapy of patients with FFA. We also aimed to determine whether the extent or duration of disease correlated with the quality of life (QoL).

Methods

Twelve outpatients with FFA for > 2 years were analyzed. The Erlanger atopic score and the Functional Assessment of Non-life-threatening Conditions (FANLTC) for QoL-assessment were used as scoring systems.

Results

All patients were women with a mean age of 70.3 years. Most patients did not have any symptoms during their disease progression and no therapy that was used showed any significant effects. FFA was associated with hypothyroidism. There were no correlations between hairline regression, duration of disease, atopic disposition, and QoL. The overall QoL was good.

Conclusions

The present study shows that there is no correlation between the extent of FFA and QoL or atopic predisposition. There is a strong correlation between the incidence of thyroid disease and FFA.
Urban space and the politics of socially engaged art
Authors: Olsen Cecilie Sachs
Published: October 2018

This paper interrogates the political potential of socially engaged art within an urban setting. Grounded in Lefebvrian and neo-Marxist critical urban theory, this political potential is examined according to three analytics that mark the definition of ‘politics’ in this context: the (re)configuration of urban space, the (re)framing of a particular sphere of experience and the (re)thinking of what is taken-for-granted. By bringing together literatures from a range of academic domains, these analytics are used to examine 1) how socially engaged art may expand our understanding of the link between the material environment and the production of urban imaginaries and meanings, and 2) how socially engaged art can open up productive ways of thinking about and engaging with urban space.
Can We Discriminate Symptomatic Hip Patients From Asymptomatic Volunteers Based on Anatomic Predictors? A 3-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Study on Cam, Pincer, and Spinopelvic Parameters
Authors: Mascarenhas Vasco V. , Rego Paulo , Dantas Pedro , Caetano António P. , Jans Lennart , Sutter Reto , Marques Rui Mateus , Ayeni Olufemi R. , Consciência J. Guimarães
Published: October 2018

Background:

Given the high prevalence of patients with hip deformities and no ongoing hip dysfunction, understanding the anatomic factors predicting the symptomatic state is critical. One such variable is how the spinopelvic parameters (SPPs) may interplay with hip anatomic factors.

Hypothesis/Purpose:

SPPs and femoral- and acetabular-specific parameters may predict which patients will become symptomatic. The purpose was to determine which anatomic characteristics with specific cutoffs were associated with hip symptom development and how these parameters relate to each other.

Study Design:

Cohort study (Diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2.

Methods:

548 participants were designated either symptomatic patients (n = 176, scheduled for surgery with hip pain and/or functional limitation) or asymptomatic volunteers (n = 372, no pain) and underwent 3-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging. Multiple femoral (α angle, Ω angle, neck angle, torsion), acetabular (version, coverage), and spinopelvic (pelvic tilt, sacral slope [SS], pelvic incidence) parameters were measured semiautomatically. Normative values, optimal differentiating thresholds, and a logistic regression analysis were computed.

Results:

Symptomatic patients had larger cam deformities (defined by increased Ω angle and α angle), smaller acetabular coverage, and larger pelvic incidence and SS angles compared with the asymptomatic volunteers. Discriminant receiver operating characteristic analysis confirmed that radial 2-o’clock α angle (threshold 58°-60°, sensitivity 75%-60%, specificity 80%-84%; area under the curve [AUC] = 0.831), Ω angle (threshold 43°, sensitivity 72%, specificity 70%; AUC = 0.830), acetabular inclination (threshold 6°, sensitivity 65%, specificity 70%; AUC = 0.709), and SS (threshold 44°, sensitivity 72%, specificity 75%; AUC = 0.801) ( P < .005) were the best parameters to classify participants. When parameters were entered into a logistic regression, significant positive predictors for the symptomatic patients were achieved for SS, acetabular inclination, Ω angle, and α angle at 2-o’clock, correctly classifying 85% of cases (model sensitivity 72%, specificity 91%; AUC = 0.919).

Conclusion:

Complex dynamic interplay exists between the hip and SPPs. A cam deformity, acetabular undercoverage, and increased SPP angles are predictive of a hip symptomatic state. SPPs were significant to discriminate between participants and were important in combination with other hip deformities. Symptomatic patients can be effectively differentiated from asymptomatic volunteers based on predictive anatomic factors.
Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Nonsurgical Treatment Options for Enthesopathy of the Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trials
Authors: Lian Jayson , Mohamadi Amin , Chan Jimmy J. , Hanna Phillip , Hemmati David , Lechtig Aron , Nazarian Ara
Published: October 2018

Background:

Numerous treatment options have been proposed for enthesopathy of the extensor carpi radialis brevis (eECRB).

Purpose:

To (1) compare the efficacy and safety of nonsurgical treatment options for eECRB described in randomized placebo-controlled trials at short-term, midterm, and long-term follow-up and (2) evaluate outcomes in patients receiving placebo.

Study Design:

Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods:

Following PRISMA guidelines, 4 electronic databases were searched for randomized placebo-controlled trials for eECRB. Studies reporting visual analog scale (VAS) for pain scores and/or grip strength were included. Random- or fixed-effects meta-analysis was employed to compare treatments with at least 2 eligible studies using the standardized mean difference and odds ratio. The study protocol was registered at PROSPERO (ID: CRD42018075009).

Results:

Thirty-six randomized placebo-controlled trials, evaluating 11 different treatment modalities, with a total of 2746 patients were included. At short-term follow-up, only local corticosteroid injection improved pain; however, it was associated with pain worse than placebo at long-term follow-up. At midterm follow-up, laser therapy and local botulinum toxin injection improved pain. At long-term follow-up, extracorporeal shock wave therapy provided pain relief. With regard to grip strength, only laser therapy showed better outcomes in comparison with placebo. While there was no difference among various treatments in the odds ratio of an adverse event, they all increased adverse events compared with placebo. In placebo-receiving patients, a sharp increase in the percentage of patients reporting mild pain or less was observed from 2% at short-term follow-up to 92% at midterm follow-up.

Conclusion:

Most patients experienced pain resolution after receiving placebo within 4 weeks of follow-up. At best, all treatments provided only small pain relief while increasing the odds of adverse events. Therefore, if clinicians are inclined to provide a treatment for particular patients, they may consider a pain relief regimen for the first 4 weeks of symptom duration. Patient-specific factors should be considered when deciding on treatment or watchful waiting.
Not bloke-ified enough? Women journalists, supermarket industry and the debate on sugar in the British press (2010-2015)
Authors: Topic Martina
Published: October 2018

This article analyzes debates on sugar and the supermarket industry in the British national press in the 2010-2015 period. This article’s primary premise is that traditionally “female” subject areas of journalism (health, supermarkets) migrated from “soft” news sections to “hard” news pages of newspapers and, when this happened, women journalists were squeezed out of covering these issues; instead, most topics on hard news pages become the preserve of male journalists.
Fabrication of self-setting β-TCP granular cement using β-TCP granules and sodium hydrogen sulfate solution
Authors: Eddy  , Tsuchiya Akira , Tsuru Kanji , Ishikawa Kunio
Published: October 2018

Bridging beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) granules with dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) creates a porous, interconnected β-TCP granular cement (GC) that is useful for reconstructing bone defects: the interconnected pores can accelerate new bone ingrowth and the set cement prevents the loss of granules from the bone defect area. However, the setting time of β-TCP GC in an acidic calcium phosphate solution is too short (<1 min) for handling in clinical applications, such as in orthopedic surgery. To address this issue, we sought to optimize the setting time of β-TCP GC using β-TCP granules and NaHSO4 solution, as [Formula: see text] is a known inhibitor of DCPD formation. Both DCPD and calcium sulfate dihydrate (CSD) precipitated on the surface of β-TCP granules and bridged β-TCP granules to one another. Increasing NaHSO4 concentration (from 0.5 mol/L to 5 mol/L) led to an increase in the amount of precipitant from 2.6 ± 0.2% to 21.6 ± 1.3% for DCPD and 1.3 ± 0.3% to 10.1 ± 0.5% for CSD. The diametral tensile strength was also increased from 0.03 ± 0.01 MPa to 2.0 ± 0.1 MPa with increasing NaHSO4 concentration. When 2 mol/L NaHSO4 solution was used as the liquid phase, setting time became 5.3 ± 0.2 min, which is suitable for handling in clinical applications to repair bone defects. In conclusion, β-TCP GC using NaHSO4 solution as the liquid phase has good potential value as bone augmentation cement.
Disciplining in Sri Lankan Schools: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: de Zoysa Piyanjali , Senarath Upul , de Silva Harendra
Published: October 2018

An integral part of a teacher’s job is to correct misbehavior of students. There is scarcity of information on disciplinary methods used by teachers in schools in Sri Lanka. As a part of a larger research, this study was undertaken to fill this gap. A culturally validated questionnaire was used to assess the various disciplinary methods used by 459 teachers, on 948 students, in six districts in Sri Lanka. National, provincial, special education, and private schools were included in this study. The study revealed that teachers used aversive disciplinary methods such as corporal punishment and psychological aggression. During the past term, 80.4% of students reported experiencing at least one strategy of corporal punishment and 72.5% reported experiencing psychological aggression. It was alarming to note that 53% of students reported experiencing at least one strategy of physical abuse in the schools in Sri Lanka. In all, 79.3% of students reported experiencing at least one strategy of positive discipline. Although teachers did use positive discipline, it was lesser than the use of aversive disciplinary methods. Hence, the use of force as a tool of discipline on young people in schools in Sri Lanka is widespread. The findings of this study should raise grave concern and ring alarm bells among authorities in Sri Lanka. Therefore, several recommendations to rectify this situation are also presented herein.
Bystander Prevention for Sexual Violence: #HowIWillChange and Gaps in Twitter Discourse
Authors: Harlow Alyssa F. , Willis Sydney K. , Smith Meghan L. , Rothman Emily F.
Published: October 2018

Twitter has rapidly gained popularity as a space for the public to discuss sexual violence (SV) prevention due to a number of high-profile SV cases. This study aimed to examine Twitter discourse on SV prevention through the hashtag #HowIWillChange, which encouraged Twitter users to come forward and report plans to engage in bystander prevention. We analyzed 1,493 #HowIWillChange tweets from October 2017 through a directed content analysis approach rooted in an evidence-based framework for the continuum of bystander intervention. We assessed emergent themes around how Twitter users discuss SV to identify gaps and misinformation in public Twitter discourse. Although Twitter users discussed a range of prevention strategies, misinformation was also spread, including perpetuation of the myth that only strangers commit rape, that only male children need lessons on consent, and that SV prevention vilifies men. These results can inform health promotion programs aiming to educate the public on bystander prevention.
Instructions for God’s Gift: Emotional Management in the Cultural Transmission of Evangelical Sexuality
Authors: Irby Courtney Ann
Published: October 2018

Drawing on a comparative study of evangelical premarital counseling programs, I analyze how the leadership construct sexual discourses that reimagine and reify existing views about sex and how to feel about it. Situated within evangelicalism’s emotional regime that conceptualizes unmarried believers in a sexual battleground and married couples in a playground, engaged couples occupy a liminal position where they must engage in emotion work to relearn how to think and feel about sex. Comparing the sexual discourses at each program— sexuality as a behavior and sexuality as embodied—that inform leaderships’ advice to couples beginning to make this transition, I find that how they talk about sex has consequences for how they imagine people should manage their emotions.
SWS Distinguished Feminist Lecture: Feminist Politcal Economy in a Globalized World: African Women Migrants in South Africa and the United States
Authors: Osirim Mary Johnson
Published: October 2018

Based on research conducted over the past two decades, this lecture examines how the feminist political economy perspective can aid us in understanding the experiences of two populations of African women: Zimbabwean women cross-border traders in South Africa and African immigrant women in the northeastern United States. Feminist political economy compels us to explore the impact of the current phase of globalization as well as the roles of intersectionality and agency in the lives of African women. This research stems from fieldwork conducted in Harare and Bulawayo, Zimbabwe and Johannesburg and Cape Town, South Africa, as well as in metropolitan Boston and Philadelphia. Despite the many challenges that African migrant women face in these different venues, they continue to demonstrate much creativity and resilience and, in the process, they contribute to community development.
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) reinforced shape memory polyurethane ribbons for future biomedical applications and design
Authors: Garces Irina T , Aslanzadeh Samira , Boluk Yaman , Ayranci Cagri
Published: October 2018

Shape memory materials are an innovative type of materials that reversibly store a temporary shape and recover back to the original dimensions with the application of an external mechanism such as heat. Shape memory polymers (SMP), specifically thermoplastic SMP (e.g. shape memory polyurethane (SMPU)) have received much attention during the past decade because of the promising future applications and advantages such as ease of processability for thermoplastic SMP (e.g. by 3-D printing), cost, and biocompatibility. In the biomedical field, applications such as stents, surgical sutures, and orthodontic devices, amongst others have been proposed. The addition of fillers to the material can modify the material to improve their load bearing capabilities. Bio-based fillers such as cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) have been proposed in a variety of reinforcing applications. The present work focuses on the experimental description of the addition of nonmodified CNC to SMPU. The work studied the effect on melt-extruded ribbons, for 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 wt%. An increase of yield point, toughness, flexural modulus, recovery rate, and decrease of total time showed that SMPU/CNC nanocomposites are a potential candidate to use in future biomedical applications.
A comprehensive study of metal-coated short carbon fibers, graphite particles, and hybrid fillers for induction heating
Authors: Muddassir Muhammad , Duhovic Miro , Gurka Martin
Published: October 2018

Induction heating or welding can be performed by considering the combined effect of ferromagnetic heating due to magnetic hysteresis losses and eddy current heating due to conductive material. Nonconducting thermoplastic composite parts can be joined or welded by induction heating using a susceptor sheet filled with nickel-coated carbon fibers (NiCCFs) and nickel-coated graphite particles (NiCGPs) or both with polypropylene (PP) thermoplastic matrix. Above the percolation threshold, NiCCFs can serve as conductive materials and nickel coating will provide the ferromagnetic heating. NiCCF/PP and NiCCF/NiCGP/PP susceptor sheets were developed via melt mixing using a twin-screw extruder and sheets were produced by Calendering process. Induction heating tests were performed on a circular pancake coil and at frequencies below 1 MHz. In induction heating, fiber heating by Joule loss, junction heating (i.e. dielectric heating and contact resistance heating), as well as magnetic hysteresis effect were observed in both the cases. Heating in hybrid filler was higher at lower filler concentrations; however, with higher concentrations, heating reduced. Reduction in induction heating maybe due to a reduction in electrical conductivity was observed. Electrical conductivity was measured in fibers direction by a Keithley electrometer using a four-point measuring method and temperature was measured by an infrared thermal camera. Microstructure characterization was performed by X-ray computed microtomography and light microscopy.
Kinetics of crystallization for polypropylene/polyethylene/halloysite nanotube nanocomposites
Authors: Ong MY , Chow WS
Published: October 2018

The aim of this study is to investigate the kinetics of non-isothermal crystallization of polypropylene/high-density polyethylene/halloysite nanotube (PP/HDPE/HNT) nanocomposites using three methods, that is, Avrami equation, combined Ozawa–Avrami method (hereafter called Mo model), and Kissinger equation. The Avrami exponent ( n) is in the range of 1–2 for all the PP/HDPE/HNT nanocomposites indicating instantaneous nucleation while the crystallization rate constant ( Zt) values of PP/HDPE increased with the addition of HNT. This proved that addition of HNT increases the crystallization rate. The reduction of half crystallization time ( t 1/2) for PP/HDPE as the increasing HNT loading indicates faster crystallization rate. In the Mo model, the cooling rate chosen at unit crystallization time F( T) values for PP/HDPE decreases with the addition of HNT. Kissinger equation showed that the activation energy ( E a) of crystallization for the PP/HDPE decreases with the addition of HNT. All the results demonstrated that HNT can accelerate the crystallization rate for the PP/polyethylene blends.
Preparation and thermal property of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene composites filled by calcium carbonate modified with long chain
Authors: Wu Zexiong , Zhang Zishou , Mai Kancheng
Published: October 2018

Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is an excellent property polymer, but its poor processability due to high melt viscosity limits the more wide-ranging application. To improve the processability of UHMWPE composites filled by calcium carbonate (CaCO3), a novel method is reported to modify CaCO3. PE wax coated on the surface of CaCO3 (PEW@CaCO3) can be prepared by acrylic acid–modified CaCO3 (AA-CaCO3) and PE wax. The crystallization and melting behavior of UHMWPE and its composites filled by CaCO3, AA-CaCO3, and PEW@CaCO3 was compared by differential scanning calorimetry. The processability of UHMWPE composites was characterized by torque rheometer. The effect of CaCO3, AA-CaCO3, and PEW@CaCO3 on the crystallization and processability of UHMWPE was discussed.
Influence of fibre and matrix characteristics on properties and durability of wood–plastic composites in outdoor applications
Authors: Vercher Jose , Fombuena Vicent , Diaz Arturo , Soriano Maria
Published: October 2018

The awareness of society on environmental issues has increased in recent years. This article focuses on the wood–plastic composites (WPCs), obtained from recycled plastics and natural fibres waste, and their application in architecture. In order to give some recommendations to architects regarding the choice of a WPC as an alternative to wood for uses in outdoor decking, a series of standardized physical, mechanical and chemical tests have been carried out on two commercial WPC materials: one with a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) – PVC matrix and rice husk filler and a second one with a polyethylene (PE) – PE matrix and pine wood reinforcement. Mechanical, thermal and ageing behaviour of these commercial WPC has been broadly studied. This research provides value information to find out which WPC material best support durability aspects, those that most concern in an architectural application of outdoor decking. In general terms, WPC developed by PVC matrix and rice husk as filler shown greater physical–mechanical properties, better resistance to chemical agents and greater resistance to ageing behaviour and changes in visual aspect.
Effect of thermal aging on mechanical and tribological behaviors of short glass fiber–reinforced PA66
Authors: Autay R , Njeh A , Dammak F
Published: October 2018

The use of polyamide (PA) composites in a variety of thermal conditions can enormously affect their durability that is a very important issue for designers and users. In this study, mechanical and tribological behaviors of PA66 reinforced by various weight fractions of short glass fiber were investigated. All studied materials were subjected to accelerated thermal aging tests. Three-point bending flexural tests were carried out to determine the mechanical behavior. Reciprocating tribotester was employed to determine friction and wear behaviors. Tribological tests were carried out without lubrication and under ambient conditions. Ball on flat contact configuration was adopted for friction tests. Wear tests were carried out against an abrasive counterface. Results showed that flexural strength and elastic modulus increased when increasing glass fiber rate for all tested materials. In the contrary, coefficient of friction and wear resistance decreased. Results showed that the thermal aging increased the flexural features and reduced the coefficient of friction. The effect of thermal aging on the wear resistance depends on the reinforcement rate.
Experimental and numerical analyses of the shimming effect on bolted joints with nonuniform gaps
Authors: Cheng Liang , Wang Qing , Ke Yinglin
Published: October 2018

In order to investigate the effect of shim compensation for nonuniform gaps in aircraft assembly, the influence of the shims with different material and parameters on bolted joints is studied in this paper. According to the real material and assembly conditions of the aircraft joint structures, the specimen and experiment are designed to obtain the tensile performance of the joint structures with different shims. A three-dimensional finite element model, which incorporates the Johnson–Cook material property of the alloys, traction-separation law of liquid shims, contact relationships between the joint elements, and boundary conditions of the tensile process, is established with the specimen configurations. After validating through comparing with the experimental results, the modeling method is adopted to simulate the tensile response of the bolted joints with shims. Furthermore, both the influence of the shim material and thickness on the mechanical behaviors of bolted joints is investigated in detail. Shims can considerably reduce the assembly stress of joint structures and improve the joint stiffness and load capacity, and this effect is more remarkable with the increase of gap values. Liquid shims improve the joint stiffness due to its cohesive ability, while solid shims improve the joint load capacity. Hybrid shims possess a composite shimming effect of liquid and solid shims. Whatever the shim material is applied, the joint stiffness and strength drop with the growth of shim thickness, so strict deviation control method should be taken to ensure the assembly gaps as small as possible. The research results enhance the knowledge of shimming effect on joint structures, and thus offer positive guidance for practical application in aircraft assembly.
Study on the compensation control of electro-hydraulic servo force loading in nonlinear variable load condition
Authors: Sang Yong , Sun Weiqi
Published: October 2018

Nonlinear variable load is one of the most important factors affecting the tracking performance and the robustness in electro-hydraulic servo force loading systems, which causes a great output distortion in the practical systems. An electro-hydraulic servo force loading system of the dynamic triaxial apparatus is used as a typical example to study the nonlinear variable parameter compensation. The external load in the sand liquefaction experiment of the dynamic triaxial apparatus usually goes through three different phases: the linear, the transitional and the nonlinear, where the nonlinear phase has a great impact on the precision of the experiment. In this article, a state-space model of the dynamic triaxial apparatus is established, and a proportional plus derivative–type iterative learning control method is designed to compensate its nonlinear variable load. The simulation and the experiment have been conducted. The results indicate that the control strategy proposed in this article is valid, and the tracking performance and the robustness of the dynamic triaxial apparatus in nonlinear variable load condition have been remarkably improved.