bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengelolaan Masalah Pernapasan pada Pasien dengan Heart Decompensation di IGD RSA Universitas Gadjah Mada: Case Report
Authors: Ayuningtyas Noviya , Martani Hersinta Retno , Setyawan Setyawan
Published: April 2023

Background: Heart decompensation is a heart failure exacerbation caused by the body’s decompensated mechanism. Uncontrolled hypertension is one of the risk factors for heart decompensation that worse the decompensated mechanism in the presence of target organ damage (TOD). Patient with heart decompensation also suffers dyspnea, ortopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND).Objective: To describe the management of breathing problem in patient with heart decompensation in emergency department (ED).Case: A 39-year-old woman came to ED with severe shortness of breath that has been felt since this week and has gotten worse for past few days. Her condition was as follow saturation 94%, RR 45x/ minutes, HR 153x/minutes, BP 200/125mmHg.Result: Breathing problem management in this patient was helped by oxygen therapy, positioning, mucolytic, bronchodilator, antibiotic, and corticosteroid. Breathing problem was improved after administering the therapy based on effort, frequency, depth in breathing, and oxygen saturation. In addition to breathing problem, circulation problem was also managed comprehensively and had shown improved outcome.Conclusion: Administration of therapy in the ED in heart decompensation patient with breathing problem has improved with increased saturation, reducted shortness of breath, and expelled excess fluid.ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Heart decompensation merupakan faktor yang memperparah kondisi gagal jantung kronis yang disebabkan oleh mekanisme dekompensasi tubuh. Hipertensi tidak terkontrol merupakan salah satu faktor risiko heart decompensation yang dapat memperburuk mekanisme dekompensasi dengan adanya target organ damage (TOD). Pasien dengan heart decompensation juga disertai masalah pernapasan seperti dyspnea, ortopnea, dan paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND).Tujuan: Mendeskripsikan pengelolaan masalah pernapasan pasien heart decompensation di instalasi gawat darurat (IGD).Laporan kasus: Pasien wanita, berusia 39 tahun, datang ke IGD dengan keluhan sesak napas berat yang dirasakan sejak seminggu ini dan memberat dalam beberapa hari ini. Saturasi 94%, RR 45x/ menit, nadi 153x/menit, TD 200/125mmHg.Hasil: Penatalaksanaan masalah pernapasan pada pasien dengan pemberian terapi oksigen, positioning, mukolitik, bronkodilator, antibiotik, dan kortikosteroid. Masalah pernapasan pada pasien mengalami perbaikan setelah pemberian terapi tersebut. Hal ini dilihat berdasarkan usaha, frekuensi, kedalaman bernapas, dan saturasi oksigen. Selain masalah pernapasan, masalah sirkulasi pada pasien juga dikelola secara komprehensif dan menunjukkan outcome yang membaik.Simpulan: Pemberian terapi di IGD pada pasien heart decompensation dengan masalah pernapasan mengalami perbaikan dengan peningkatan saturasi, sesak napas berkurang, cairan berlebih dapat dikeluarkan.
Hubungan Ketergantungan Activity Daily Living Penderita Stroke dengan Beban Family Caregiver di Puskesmas Kasihan II
Authors: Mulyani Siti , Darussalam Miftafu
Published: April 2023

Background: Stroke can cause chronic neurological disorders that can cause physical changes and decline, especially in activities of daily living or Activity Daily Living (ADL). Prolonged ADL dependence has the potential to cause a burden for family caregivers.Objective: To determine the correlation between ADL dependence of patients with stroke and the burden of family caregivers.Method: This research was a correlational analytic quantitative study with a cross sectional design. The research was conducted in the working area of the Kasihan Health Center II in Bantul. There were 40 family caregivers and patients with stroke, as respondents. Samples were taken by simple random sampling technique. The research instruments were the Caregiver Reaction Scale (CRA) by Given and Barthel Index. Data analysis was performed with the Somers’d test.Result: most of the respondents with stroke were in mild dependence and were independent (f=18,45%), while family caregivers felt a moderate burden (f=29, 72,5%). The type of burden that the family caregiver felt the most was the burden of self-esteem with a mean score of 13,83. The Somers’d correlation test obtained the results for the value of r = 0,601, p-value = 0,000.Conclusion: There is a relationship between ADL dependency of patients with stroke and the burden of family caregivers with a moderate correlation level.ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Penyakit stroke dapat menyebabkan gangguan neurologis kronis yang dapat menimbulkan perubahan dan penurunan fisik terutama dalam aktivitas kehidupan sehari-hari atau activity daily living (ADL). Ketergantungan ADL dalam waktu yang lama berpotensi menimbulkan beban pada family caregiver.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan ketergantungan ADL penderita stroke dengan beban family caregiver.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif analitik korelasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kasihan II Bantul dengan responden family caregiver dan penderita stroke sejumlah 40 responden. Sampel diambil dengan teknik simple random sampling. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan Caregiver Reaction Scale (CRA) oleh Indeks Given dan Barthel. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji Somers’d.Hasil: Sebagian besar responden penderita stroke termasuk dalam kategori ketergantungan ringan dan mandiri (f=18, 45%). Sementara family caregiver merasakan beban sedang (f=29, 72,5%). Jenis beban yang paling dirasakan oleh family caregiver adalah beban harga diri dengan mean score 13,83. Uji korelasi Somers’d didapatkan hasil nilai r=0,601 dan p=0,000.Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara ketergantungan ADL penderita stroke dengan beban family caregiver pada tingkat korelasi sedang.
China’s Response to Green Development: The Theoretical Characteristics and Significance of the “Two Mountains” Theory
Authors: Yan-song Luo
Published: April 2023

The severe ecological situation has become a global issue, which concerns the fate of mankind. At present, in order to comply with the trend of green development, change the development mode and build an ecological civilization-oriented country, the “two mountains” theory was conceived. The theory establishes the ecological goal of a Better Life, has a distinct ecological consciousness, and coalesces the dialectical wisdom of Marxist eco-philosophy. It is a new height of The Communist Party of China’s ecological civilization theory. Therefore, sorting out the historical logic of the birth of the “two mountains” theory and examining its essential provisions are of certain value and significance for deepening the understanding of the relationship between human beings and nature, steadily promoting economic ecology and ecological economization, and opening up new horizons for the study of Marxist Eco-philosophy.
Enhancing Foreign Language Learners’ Listening Skills through Technology: A Sample Lesson
Authors: Uzun Levent
Published: April 2023

In recent years, technology has become an integral part of language education, and its potential in supporting listening skills has been widely recognized. The use of technology allows language teachers to incorporate a range of authentic materials and interactive activities that can enhance learners’ engagement and motivation. Furthermore, the availability of multimedia resources and software tools has made it easier to design effective listening activities that can cater to learners’ different needs and preferences. This article aims to provide language teachers with practical ideas and strategies to design technology-enhanced listening activities that can help foreign language learners develop their listening skills more effectively. The article begins with a brief literature review, which highlights the benefits of using technology in language education, particularly in enhancing listening skills. The article then presents a sample lesson designed to demonstrate the potential of technology in supporting not only learners but also teachers. Finally, the article concludes with a discussion of the implications of the study and provides suggestions for further research in this area.
Students’ Speaking Anxiety in EFL Classroom
Authors: Alazeer Azad Nayyef Mustafa , Ahmed Zeravan Ayoub
Published: April 2023

Language anxiety is becoming a significant issue in language teaching and learning. It has been a common problem in the EFL context and has had a significant impact on language teaching. Furthermore, students who were learning English felt anxious, and the factors that contributed to their anxiety were identified. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to investigate some of the factors that influence students’ anxiety and to identify the types of anxiety that they experience. The data were collected through questionnaires from 150 students from Cihan University-Duhok General Education Department English Branch second and third year and through semi-structured interviews. The data were analyzed descriptively to answer research questions. The findings indicated that students from Cihan University had a higher level of anxiety. In addition, some factors causing students’ anxiety in learning English were lack of vocabulary, pronunciation, preparation, grammar, and prior knowledge of the classroom activities, including fear of making mistakes, fear of negative evaluation, afraid of being laughed at by other students, and lack of self-confidence.
The Problems Faced by the Teachers and the Students in Teaching and Learning ESP Reading Skill at Thanh Hoa University of Culture, Sports and Tourism
Authors: Hanh Nguyen Thi Hong
Published: April 2023

This paper was conducted to see the problems faced by the teacher and the students in teaching and learning ESP reading skill at Thanh Hoa University of Culture, Sports and Tourism. So as to gather more believable data, the qualitative method including the author's personal observation, the discussion and interview with the students and the colleagues. The collected data revealed the teachers and students’ difficulties in teaching and learning ESP reading and their causes. Based on the author’s experience, the discussion and interview with the colleagues and students, the researcher gave some possible solutions to improve the quality of teaching and learning ESP reading at school.
Application of Machine Learning Algorithms in Online Marketing
Authors: Srivastava Adarsh Vardhan , Umrao Mr. Lokendra Singh , Kumar Mr. Dilip
Published: April 2023

Abstract: AI has been able to advance beyond simply carrying out the duties that were put into it thanks to machine learning algorithms. Prior to ML becoming widely used, AI applications were exclusively employed in corporate and enterprise settings to automate simple operations. This covered activities like simple rule-based classification or clever automation. This meant that the domain for which AI algorithms could be used was limited. With machine learning, however, computers were able to go beyond carrying out their programming and started growing with each repetition. Machine learning is used by marketers to identify trends in website user behavior. This enables them to immediately optimize advertising offers and forecast users' future behavior. This paper highlights the application of machine learning in online marketing.
Review on Analysis of Structure and Design of Steel Bridge Using Staad Pro Software
Authors: Nema Aashish , Chandak Dr. Rajeev
Published: April 2023

Abstract: In this study the T-beam bridge is to be analysis on the staad pro sofware. A T-beam bridge is composite concrete structure which is composed of slab panel, longitudinal girder and cross girder. This project looks on the work of analysis and design of bridge deck and beam on software the specific bridge model is taken of a particular span and carriageway width the bridge is subjected to different IRC loadings like IRC Class AA, IRC Class 70R tracked loading etc. in order to obtain maximum bending moment and shear force. From the analysis it is observed and understand the behavior of bridge deck under different loading condition and comparing the result. The different codes of design will be use in this project are IRC 5-2015,IRC 6-2016, IRC 112-2011, IRC 21-2000.
Self-Defending Networks
Authors: K Pramod , Venu Aswathy
Published: April 2023

Abstract: As the nature of the threat in networks evolves daily, it is vitally important that defense techniques evolve as well. Earlier threats from both internal and external sources were gradual and can be easily tracked and destroyed. But now Internet worms are spread all over the world, so it is essential for protection systems and the network itself to respond immediately to threats. The basis of community self-defense is the importance of countering threats in the community. Every device found in a community plays a vital role in keeping the community safe. This guarantees the security of statistics and protects the community from internal and external threats. It identifies and responds to threats, isolates infected servers and structures, and then reconfigures the network in response to the attack. Self-Defending Networks are proactive and automated computer networks that are designed to detect, prevent, and respond to security threats. They use advanced technologies like machine learning, artificial intelligence, and behavioral analysis to monitor network traffic, identify potential security breaches, and take action to prevent them. By deploying SDNs, organizations can achieve a higher level of security for their networks and protect their assets from a wide range of cyber threats.
Multi-Phase Power System Simulation
Authors: Kumar Rahul , Raj Saurabh , Singh Rajeev Kumar , Mishra Pranav , Kumar Ranjan
Published: April 2023

Abstract: Six Phase Transmission System has the capacity to increase the transmission capacity by 1.732 times the existing Three Phase System. It is possible to convert existing Three Phase Double circuit transmission line into compact Six Phase transmission line within the existing Right-of-way. Forecasting the demand and supply of Electrical energy gives the alternative solution is Six Phase Transmission system in addition to its several advantages like reduced phase voltage, less corona, declined magnetic field etc. This paper presents the study and analysis of design of transformer for six phase system. Comparison by system count per unit use MATLAB and PSCAD/ EMTDC simulation implemented for both system. Analysis of data carried out for parameters as value phase difference, voltage, current and power in transmission line. Apart from that assessment choosing the best transformer design for six phase system also implemented. From the analysis data performed found line system six phase have successfully produced ascendant as many as 73% in the division transmission line over system double three phase circuit. Apart from obtain that the best connection six phase system to acquire stated ascendant is delta Star delta inverted Star connection and diametrical connection
A Successful Case Study on Ayurvedic Management of Hypothyroidism
Authors: Panwar Dr. Mukul , Sankhala Dr. Jitendra
Published: April 2023

Abstract: Hypothyroidism is mainly classified, resulting in failure of thyroid function and secondary (middle) due to failure of an adequate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) from the pituitary gland or thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) from the hypothalamus. Secondary hypothyroidism can be distinguished from the pituitary and hypothalamic by using TRH tests. In some cases, failure of hormone action in peripheral muscles can be detected. Primary hypothyroidism may be clinical when free T4 (FT4) decreases and TSH increases or subclinical when FT4 is normal and TSH increases. In secondary hypothyroidism FT4 decreases and TSH normal or decreases. Major hypothyroidism is often caused by chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, causes that are rarely treated with radioiodine and thyroidectomy. Hypothyroidism is one of the most common endocrine disorders seen in daily OPD. As per Charak Samhita, we can categorize Hypothyroidism in Anukta vhadhies. Vata and Kapha are two main doshas involved in this vhadhies. Present case is one of my successful cases of hypothyroidism. 32 year’s female patient suffering from weakness, dry skin, poor memory, hair loss, constipation, acidity, breathlessness since the last 8 years, and from last one month all symptoms increase rapidly. Patient having history of piles and thyroid and under allopathic treatment since last 4 years. After 1.5 months Ayurvedic treatment patient got relief in most of symptoms of disease and TSH level before treatment 8.65 to reduce 3.40.
A Qualitative Case Study on the College Instructors’ Conflict Experiences in Online Courses: Based on Cultural-Historical Activity Theory
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee Hyemi , You YeongMahn
Published: April 2023

Objectives This study aimed to identify the limitations of the current online classes by paying attention to instructors' experience of difficulties in the online realm, where role changes have occurred as courses were taught online. Methods This study used the cultural-historical activity theory as the analytical framework. Through a literature review of the cultural-historical activity theory, the framework of the online class activity system was established, and in-depth interviews were conducted for instructors who taught online classes at universities. Results This study was able to derive an online teaching activity system of university instructors with an emphasis on the instructors as subjects of the activity system and the problems they faced in online classes. Some inherent contradictions were derived from the study. These included “teaching experience,” “structural limitations of online teaching,” “lack of online teaching experience,” and “lack of support from the school.” Unlike fundamental contradictions such as ‘teaching experience’, ‘structural limitations of online teaching’, and ‘lack of online teaching experience’, which can be resolved by the instructors through various strategies, the contradiction of ‘lack of support from the school’ had characteristics that were difficult for instructors to solve personally. Therefore, schools and instructors need to expand discussions on class support for the qualitative growth of online courses. Conclusions Studies have shown that the teaching activities of university instructors in online classes were tool-mediated and retained a structure of social and collective activity. In addition, in resolving conflicts arising from the online classes, they have expanded from being a means of content delivery to an actual learning community. These qualitative changes in online classes have resulted in an opportunity to rediscover new roles and capabilities in university education.
Korean & International Research Trends and Issues on the Counseling Supervision Ethics: From 1980 to June 2022
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee Jee Hee , Chung Min Hyun
Published: April 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study is to understand the trend of counseling supervision ethics studies by analyzing Korean and international studies to propose the direction of future research in counseling supervision ethics in Korea from 1980 to June 2022. Methods For this purpose, we extracted 44 research papers from the Korean studies database and international studies database EBSCOhost. Research trend analysis was conducted based on the analysis criteria including five types(basic facts about research, research topics, the specific contents of supervision ethics topics, research subjects, and research method). Results First, Supervisees were the most common research subjects in both studies. Second, research trends in research topics were in the order of supervision ethics process research, supervision ethics process-performance research, and supervision ethics review research in Korea. In international studies, it was in the order of supervision ethics review research, supervision ethics process research, supervision ethics process-performance research, and supervision policy research. Third, research trends in the specific content of research studies were in the order of supervisor ethics practices, supervision process, supervision ethics general, and supervision ethics elements in Korea. In international studies, it was in the order of supervisor competence, supervision relationship, and supervision ethics in general. Fourth, quantitative research was the most common study method in both studies. Conclusions This study suggested that future Korean counseling supervision ethics research needs to deal with ethical issues reflecting the characteristics of Korean culture and recognition of the uniqueness of supervision relationships compared to foreign studies. In addition, domestic supervision ethics research has suggested that research on the importance and practical perspective of supervision ethics related to supervision relationships, supervision process, and supervisor competencies is more necessary than research focusing on specific topics.
The Mediating Effect of Role Conflict in the Relationship between Self-Leadership and Turnover Intention of Nurses in the Integrated Nursing Care Service Ward
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Choi Jeong Rye , Eun Young
Published: April 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study is to confirm the mediating effect of role conflict in the relationship between self-leadership and turnover intention of nurses in the integrated nursing care service ward. Methods To this end, self-leadership, role conflict, and turnover intention were measured using a structured questionnaire targeting 114 nurses working in the integrated nursing care service ward of a general hospital with more than 300 beds located in 3 cities. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and regression analysis using the SPSS 25.0 program, and bootstrapping was used to verify the significance of the mediating effect. Results It was the total clinical experience of nurses that showed significant differences in self-leadership, role conflict, and turnover intention according to the general characteristics of the subjects. Self-leadership and turnover intention had a significant positive correlation Self-leadership and role conflict and role conflict and turnover intention had a significant positive correlation. Self-leadership had a significant effect of about β=.33 on turnover intention, and when role conflict was involved, it was found to have an effect of about β=.22, confirming the partial mediating effect of role conflict. Conclusions It was confirmed that when the self-leadership of nurses in the integrated nursing care service ward increased and exerted influence on themselves in an undesirable direction, role conflict increased and turnover intention increased. Therefore, there is a need to establish a nursing manager's leadership program and seek support measures so that nurses in the integrated nursing care service ward can exert influence on themselves in a desirable direction for self-leadership.
POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS PARA A AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR: UMA ANÁLISE DA EXECUÇÃO DOS PROGRAMAS PAA E PNAE BASEADA NOS ATORES SOCIAIS PARTICIPANTES
Authors: Nunes Saucedo Adelar , Lopes da Silva Mygre , Abbade da Silva Rodrigo , Barcellos Sopeña Mauro
Published: April 2023

Esta pesquisa busca analisar a participação dos agricultores familiares e dos gestores públicos nos programas Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) e Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) em Santana do Livramento (RS), pois a Agricultura Familiar representa 58,95% dos estabelecimentos agropecuários. Especificamente, a pesquisa aponta as principais dificuldades para acessar e fomentar o PAA e o PNAE, reconhece as oportunidades geradas e verifica o impacto da participação nos programas à realidade dos agricultores familiares. Quanto à metodologia, o estudo possui caráter exploratório e descritivo, valendo-se de pesquisas bibliográficas, entrevistas com participantes escolhidas por meio da técnica de amostragem nomeada bola de neve e observação sistemática, a partir de uma abordagem qualitativa utilizando o estudo de caso. Os resultados sugerem que o excesso de burocracia prolonga o período entre aquisição e pagamento dos produtos, e isso faz com que muitos alimentos com alta perecibilidade sejam perdidos, o que reduz o ganho por parte da agricultura familiar. Além disso, o Custo Brasil afeta a logística, aumentando o custo de produção, armazenamento e distribuição e, por fim, o lucro dos agricultores familiares. Melhores resultados financeiros podem ser alcançados por aqueles que fazem parte de algum tipo de organização, como associativismo e cooperativismo.
SUCESSÃO NA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR DO OESTE DE SANTA CATARINA: EDUCAÇÃO COOPERATIVA PODE FAZER A DIFERENÇA?
Authors: Leite João Guilherme , Schuster Tiana Marielle
Published: April 2023

Apesar da contribuição da agricultura familiar para geração de emprego e renda, os estabelecimentos agrícolas sofrem com a escassez de mão de obra provocada pela falta de sucessão familiar. Esse fenômeno tem consequências preocupantes para as cooperativas agropecuárias, particularmente aquelas que dependem da sucessão familiar para garantir o suprimento de matéria prima. Uma estratégia comum para promover sucessão familiar são os programas de educação cooperativa. O objetivo deste trabalho é explorar o impacto da educação cooperativa, no formato de curso de capacitação, sobre a sucessão familiar no Oeste de Santa Catarina. A pesquisa foi realizada em quatro municípios da região Oeste do estado: Águas de Chapecó, Caxambu do Sul, Planalto Alegre e São Carlos. A coleta de dados foi realizada com a aplicação de dois questionários, direcionados a dois grupos de jovens filhos de agricultores residentes na região do estudo e filiados a uma das maiores cooperativas agroindustriais do Sul do país. O primeiro grupo (n=20) realizou o curso de formação de jovens lideranças e sucessão familiar, oferecido pela cooperativa. O segundo grupo (n=20) não realizou o curso. Os resultados não permitem identificar uma contribuição significativa do curso de capacitação de jovens lideranças sobre a sucessão familiar na região estudada. Aparentemente, as condições encontradas pelos jovens são favoráveis à sua permanência no estabelecimento rural, independentemente de sua participação no curso de jovens lideranças e sucessão familiar. Também foi possível identificar baixa prevalência de mulheres, corroborando a outros trabalhos sobre êxodo de mulheres e masculinização rural.
Producción de anticuerpos séricos en respuesta a la vacunación contra los virus de la rinotraqueitis infecciosa bovina y la diarrea viral bovina con una vacuna comercial
Authors: Rosete Fernández Jorge Víctor , Socci Escatell Guadalupe Asunción , Fragoso Islas Abraham , Olazarán Jenkins Sara , Ríos Utrera Ángel
Published: April 2023

El objetivo fue determinar la prevalencia de anticuerpos séricos (PAS) en respuesta a la vacunación contra los virus de la rinotraqueitis infecciosa bovina (RIB) y diarrea viral bovina (DVB) en vacas lecheras en condiciones subtropicales. Se utilizó una vacuna polivalente comercial con virus inactivado de la DVB y virus activos modificados de la RIB, parainfluenza 3 y síndrome respiratorio bovino. Se formaron dos grupos: grupo experimental vacunado (GEV) y no vacunado (GEN), que fueron homogéneos en PAS contra RIB y DVB antes de la vacunación. El GEV se inmunizó el día 0 y el día 30 después de la primera vacunación (vacuna de refuerzo). Para detectar anticuerpos, se obtuvieron muestras de suero 30 días después de la primera y segunda vacunación. Los anticuerpos séricos contra RIB y DVB se determinaron mediante la prueba de ELISA. La PAS promedio contra RIB y DVB antes de la vacunación fue 16 (18 % en el GEV vs 14 % en el GEN; P>0.05) y 8 % (10 % en el GEV vs 6 % en el GEN; P>0.05), respectivamente. La primera y segunda vacunación contra RIB indujeron la formación de anticuerpos 30 días después de su aplicación; con la primera vacunación, la PAS en las vacas vacunadas fue 36 unidades porcentuales mayor (P<0.05) que en las no vacunadas (58 vs 22 %) y con la vacuna de refuerzo, la PAS en las vacas vacunadas fue 66 unidades porcentuales mayor (P<0.05) que en las no vacunadas (94 vs 28 %). La vacuna comercial no indujo la producción de anticuerpos contra DVB con ninguna de las dos inmunizaciones.
Composición química del rastrojo de tres cultivares de maíz esterilizados y colonizados por micelio de Ganoderma lucidum
Authors: Pérez-Martell Liz Sarahy , Guerrero-Rodríguez Juan De Dios , Martínez-Carrera Daniel Claudio , Enriquez-Quiroz Javier Francisco , Pérez-Ramírez Efrain , Ramírez-Valverde Benito
Published: April 2023

/*/Se evaluó la calidad nutritiva del rastrojo de dos cultivares criollos de maíz y un híbrido, colonizados por micelio de Ganoderma lucidum. El diseño experimental fue completamente al azar con arreglo factorial 3x4 con un tratamiento adicional y cuatro repeticiones. Cada cultivar tuvo rastrojo colonizado por el hongo hasta los 15 días, rastrojo en su estado natural (sin tratar), a tiempo cero después de la esterilización, a 15 días después de la esterilización y el micelio puro (adicional). Se determinó digestibilidad in vitro (DIVMS), fibra detergente neutro (FDN) y ácido (FDA), lignina y proteína cruda (PC). Los cultivares difirieron (P<0.0001) en digestibilidad, el criollo A presentó valores mayores. Los rastrojos colonizados tuvieron menor (P<0.05) digestibilidad; los rastrojos sin tratar tuvieron valores medios y los esterilizados fueron los más digestibles. La concentración de FDN, FDA, lignina, y PC difirió (P<0.0001) en los cultivares y las condiciones del rastrojo (P<0.0001). El criollo A tuvo menos FDN que los otros cultivares. Los rastrojos en su forma natural tuvieron menos FDN que los esterilizados y los colonizados. En la FDA los rastrojos en su forma natural tuvieron concentración baja, los esterilizados una concentración media y los colonizados la concentración mayor, situación que fue similar para lignina. En PC los cultivares fueron diferentes (P<0.0001), siendo los rastrojos colonizados los que tuvieron valores mayores (P<0.05). En conclusión, la colonización del rastrojo por el micelio de Ganoderma lucidum no aumentó la digestibilidad a los 15 días de colonización, lo que mejoró ligeramente fue la concentración de proteína cruda.
Factores que afectan la tasa de preñez mediante transferencias de embriones por fertilización in vitro en novillas multirraciales en condiciones de trópico colombiano
Authors: Valencia Ocampo Heli Fernando , Rodríguez Colorado Nancy , Mantilla Tatiana
Published: April 2023

La transferencia de embriones (TE) es considerada actualmente como una herramienta biotecnológica con gran importancia para multiplicar y obtener individuos con potencialidades productivas y alto mérito genético. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la influencia de factores como ITH, tamaño del CL, estado de desarrollo del embrión y peso sobre la tasa de preñez mediante transferencia de embriones por fertilización in vitro en novillas multirraciales. Se seleccionaron 840 novillas como receptoras, con edades promedio de 3 años, un peso de 346.5 ± 33.4 kg de peso vivo, a las cuales se les aplicó un protocolo de sincronización para TE, previo registro del estadio del embrión, seguimiento ecográfico y se realizó el monitoreo de variables medioambientales. La información se analizó mediante un modelo de regresión logística para determinar la correlación entre las variables independientes sobre la variable dicotómica de respuesta tasa de preñez. Se determinó la influencia del tamaño del cuerpo lúteo (CL) dado las diferencias significativas (P<0.05) en los tamaños de CL1 y CL2. También, se encontró diferencias (P<0.05) con los estadios de BL y BX. En contraste, no se encontró diferencias estadísticas (P>0.05) en las demás variables. El presente estudio evidenció el impacto del tamaño del CL y el desarrollo del embrión en el éxito de la técnica de TE.
Efecto de la fuente de selenio en el comportamiento productivo, contenido de selenio en suero y músculo, y nivel sérico de albúmina, α-, β- y ∂-globulinas en ovinos Pelibuey
Authors: Cárdenas-Ramírez Lino Rigoberto , Sánchez-Del Real Carlos , Ruíz-Flores Agustín , Pérez-Hernández Gabriela , López-Ordaz Reyes , Vite-Cristóbal Claudio , López Ordaz Rufino
Published: April 2023

El objetivo fue comparar los efectos de selenito de sodio (SS) y Sel-Plex® (SP) en el consumo de materia seca (CMS), ganancia diaria de peso (GDP), conversión alimenticia (CA), rendimiento de canales, Se en suero, músculos, albúmina, y globulinas en corderos Pelibuey. Cincuenta animales (PV=23.0 ± 1.1 kg; de 5 a 6 meses) se estratificaron y aleatoriamente asignaron a uno de cinco tratamientos (n=10): 1) Dieta basal, C); 2) C + 0.30 mg kg-1 MS de SS, 30SS; 3) C + 0.90 mg kg-1 MS de SS, 90SS; 4) C + 0.30 mg kg-1 MS de SP, 30SP; y 5) C + 0.90 mg kg-1 MS de SP, 90SP. No hubo efectos (P>0.05) en CMS; mientras que 90SP y 30SS mostraron GDP mayores (293 y 260 vs 245, 243, y 230 g día-1; P<0.05) en comparación con los demás tratamientos. La CA fue mejor para 90SP y C. Los PV finales, rendimientos de canales y la grasa dorsal no se afectaron (P>0.05). En Longissimus dorsi, 30SP incrementó (P<0.05) el Se con respecto a 90SP y C, y fue similar con 30SS y 90SS. No hubo efecto (P>0.05) en Gluteus maximus y Musculus deltoideus. La albúmina fue mayor con 30SP y 90SS; mientras que α-globulina fue mayor con 30SS y 90SP. En conclusión, 0.90 mg de SP mejoró la GDP y CA. Selenito y SP aumentaron el Se en suero hasta 0.30, y disminuyó con 0.90 mg por kilo de SP. En  Longissimus dorsi, el Se se mejoró en 30SP con respecto 90SP y el C y no fue similar a 90SS y 30SS. El Se orgánico de 90SP mejoró el nivel de albúmina y α-globulinas.
Estructura y variabilidad genética del bisonte americano (Bison bison) en México
Authors: Domínguez-Viveros Joel , Aguilar-Palma Guadalupe Nelson , Villa-Angulo Rafael , Hernández-Rodríguez Nancy , Pérez-Cantú José Manuel , Moir Flora , Calderón-Domínguez Pedro
Published: April 2023

Los objetivos fueron analizar la estructura y variabilidad genética del bisonte americano con marcadores genéticos de tipo SNP. Se muestrearon 174 bisontes y se analizaron 42,366 SNP distribuidos en los 29 cromosomas. Se estimó la heterocigosis esperada (He) y observada (Ho), contenido de información polimórfica (CIP), índice de fijación (FIS), índice de Shannon (IS), desequilibrio de ligamiento y relación de parentesco (Rij; %), así como el tamaño efectivo de población (Ne). Se realizó un análisis de estructura genética para inferir cuántas líneas o genomas (k) definen la población. Se identificó y seleccionó un panel con 2,135 SNP polimórficos, con un promedio de 74 SNP por cromosoma. En el proceso de exclusión,  84.5 % fueron monomórficos,  8.5 % con porcentaje de usables menor a 90 %, 6.3 % con frecuencia del alelo menor inferior a 0.01 y 0.70 % por desequilibrio Hardy-Weinberg (P<0.05). Las estimaciones de IS, Ho, He, FIS y CIP fueron de 0.30, 0.187, 0.182, -0.029 y 0.152, respectivamente. Se generaron 15,051 estimaciones de Rij, el valor promedio de éstas fue 7.6 %, y el 45.1 % de ellas fue igual a cero. El Ne fue de 12.5, señalando un posible incremento de consanguinidad por generación de 4 %. Se identificaron tres líneas genéticas, con proporciones de 0.730, 0.157 y 0.113; dado el origen de la población, se asocian a selección natural o deriva genética. La variabilidad genética, así como los niveles de la Rij, se deben de considerar en esquemas de conservación.
Curvas de crecimiento en bovinos Limousin de raza pura y cruzados
Authors: Domínguez-Viveros Joel , Reyes-Ceron Antonio , Aguirre-Calderón Carlos Enrique , Martínez-Rocha Ricardo , Luna-Palomares Carlos , Aguilar-Palma Nelson
Published: April 2023

El objetivo fue el ajuste de un modelo no lineal (MNL) para evaluar la curva de crecimiento en bovinos Limousin, en pureza de raza (PRZ) y cinco grados de cruzamiento (GPZ; 1/2, 3/4, 7/8, 15/16, 31/32 de Limousin). Se analizó el peso vivo, el intervalo de peso al nacer a 500 días de edad. Se evaluaron cuatro MNL: Brody, Bertalanffy, Gompertz y logístico. Se estimaron parámetros de crecimiento: peso adulto (PAD); tasa de crecimiento (TAC); edad (EPI; meses) y peso (PPI; kg) al punto de inflexión; edad (meses; E50M) para alcanzar 50% de madurez y madurez a 15 meses (GM15). Con el MNL seleccionado en PRZ se caracterizó la curva de crecimiento en GPZ. El modelo de mejor ajuste fue Bertalanffy. El PAD para machos PRZ fue 566.1, para GPZ estuvo en el intervalo de 446.9 a 527.4; para hembras, en GPZ estuvo en el intervalo de 374.5 a 419.9, en PRZ fue 443.0. Los MNL presentaron correlaciones por debajo de -0.75 entre PAD y TAC. En vaquillas de PRZ, EPI se estimó a 3.7 con 131.2 para PPI; en GPZ, EPI y PPI estuvieron en los intervalos de 2.9 a 3.7 y 110.9 a 124.4, respectivamente. E50M para hembras, en PRZ fue a 10.6 y para GPZ en el intervalo de 8.9 a 10.5. GM15 para hembras, en GPZ el promedio fue 90.5 % en PRZ fue de 87.9 %. Los machos en PRZ alcanzan E50M a partir de 13 meses.
Autocategorização racial e habilidades sociais em crianças brasileiras: uma avaliação multi-informante
Authors: Freitas Lucas Cordeiro , Fernandes Sheyla Christine Santos , Porfírio Jonas Caio Costa
Published: April 2023

Este estudo objetivou identificar diferenças e semelhanças nas habilidades sociais de crianças de uma escola pública autodeclaradas negras e brancas. Participaram 72 alunos do ensino fundamental (42 autocategorizados como brancos e 30 como negros), bem como seus professores e pais. Foram utilizados dois instrumentos de autocategorização racial e três escalas do Social Skills Rating System (SSRS) para avaliar as habilidades sociais. Na amostra geral, as crianças negras relataram um repertório mais elaborado de empatia/afetividade e de assertividade. Por outro lado, crianças com tonalidades de pele mais claras relataram maior responsabilidade. Subgrupos diferenciados por raça e sexo também apresentaram diferenças em algumas habilidades sociais. Os resultados foram discutidos considerando a influência de variáveis pessoais e fatores contextuais.
The speech act of compliment in student-teacher interaction: A case study of Emirati university students’ attitudes
Authors: Deveci Tanju , Midraj Jessica , El-Sokkary Wael Samir
Published: April 2023

For effective communication, interlocutors must be cognizant of lingua-cultural aspects in context-dependent situations. Among others, they include culturally and linguistically diverse university settings where students are tempted to complain about grades to teachers and request grade changes. To reduce the negative impact of these speech acts, students may resort to compliments whose utilization varies from culture to culture. This study investigated the attitudes of 146 undergraduate Emirati students towards complimenting an instructor from a different lingua-cultural background before negotiating a grade at a university in the United Arab Emirates that uses English as the medium of instruction. Data were collected using a survey and a discourse completion task. Results show that 49% of the respondents thought that it would be appropriate to use a compliment prior to a complaint about a grade or a request for regrading. Students primarily complimented their teacher’s teaching skills and effort in teaching. The syntactic structures of their compliments mainly included You+V+NP (You+Verb+Noun Phrase). Results highlight the significance of considering interlocutors’ lingua-cultural backgrounds and the potential impacts of an ulterior motive behind a compliment in deciding whether or not to produce one. If it is used, topics (i.e., what is complimented upon) to include in the compliment must be chosen delicately, considering the cross-cultural nature of the context and social status of the interlocutors.
Review of Gerrard Mugford. 2022. Developing Cross-Cultural Relational Ability in Foreign Language LearningAsset-Based Pedagogy to Enhance Pragmatic Competence
Authors: Ilina Anna Yur'evna
Published: April 2023

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Adjunct posterior wall isolation reduces the recurrence of atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing cryoballoon ablation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Authors: Mumtaz Mishal , Jabeen Sidra , Danial Ahmad , Chaychi Muhammad Tayyab Muzaffar , Zaheer Muhammad Kashan , Mumtaz Aymen , Mumtaz Tayebah , Herweg Bengt
Published: April 2023

Background: Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) has evolved to be an integral
part of ablative therapy for atrial fibrillation (AF), however,
recurrence rates of AF remain high even after complete wide area
circumferential PVI. In recent years adjunct posterior wall isolation
(PWI) has been performed in patients with more persistent forms of AF
but the benefits remain unclear. Aim: The objective of this
meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy of adjunct posterior wall
isolation in reducing recurrence rate of AF using cryoballoon ablation
(CBA). Methods: We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, Clinicaltrials.gov
and Cochrane CENTRAL. We included studies comparing PVI to PVI + PWI in
patients with persistent AF undergoing CBA. After data extraction and
quality assessment of the studies, we assessed recurrence rates of
atrial tachy-arrhythmias (AF, atrial flutter, and atrial tachycardia) as
well as total ablation time and procedural adverse events. Risk ratio
(RR), mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were
calculated using Review Manager. Results: Concomitant PWI demonstrated
significant decrease in recurrence risk of AF (RR 0.48; 95% CI
0.36-0.64; p < 0.00001) as well as all atrial arrhythmias (RR
0.57; 95% CI 0.47-0.70; p < 0.0001). There was no significant
difference in adverse events between both groups (RR 1.05; 95% CI
0.43-2.56; p = 0.91), whereas total ablation time was significantly
increased in PVI + PWI group (MD 22.67, 95% CI, 7.61-37.73, p = 0.003).
Conclusion: Adjunct PWI when compared to PVI alone decreases recurrence
rates of atrial tachy-arrhythmias after CBA of persistent AF.
Transmissibility and severity of COVID-19 in a humanitarian setting: First Few X investigation of cases and contacts in Juba, South Sudan, 2020.
Authors: Lako Richard , Meagher Niamh , Wamala Joseph , Ndyahikayo John , Tegegne Ayesheshem Ademe , Olu Olushayo , Price David , Rajatonirina Soatiana , Farley Elise , Okeibunor Joseph , Mize Valerie
Published: April 2023

Background First Few “X” (FFX) studies provide evidence to guide
public health decision making and resource allocation. The adapted WHO
Unity FFX protocol for COVID-19 was implemented to gain an understanding
of the clinical, epidemiological, virological, and household
transmission dynamics of the first cases of COVID-19 infection detected
in Juba, South Sudan. Methods Laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases were
identified through the national surveillance system, and an initial
visit was conducted with eligible cases to identify all close contacts.
Consenting cases and close contacts were enrolled between June 2020 and
December 2020. Demographic, clinical information and biological samples
were taken at enrolment and 14–21 days post-enrolment for all
participants. Results Twenty-nine primary cases and 82 contacts were
included in analyses. Most primary cases (n=23/29, 79.3%) and contacts
(n=61/82, 74.4%) were male. Many primary cases (n=18/29, 62.1%) and
contacts (n=51/82, 62.2%) were seropositive for SARS-CoV-2 at baseline.
The secondary attack rate among susceptible contacts was 12.9% (4/31;
95% CI: 4.9%–29.7%). All secondary cases and most (72%) primary
cases were asymptomatic. Reported symptoms included coughing (n=6/29,
20.7%), fever or history of fever (n=4/29, 13.8%), headache (n=3/29,
10.3%) and shortness of breath (n=3/29, 10.3%). Of 38 cases, two were
hospitalised (5.3%) and one died (2.6%). Conclusions These findings
were used to develop the South Sudanese Ministry of Health surveillance
and contract tracing protocols, informing local COVID-19 case
definitions, follow-up protocols and data management systems. This
investigation demonstrates that rapid FFX implementation is critical in
understanding the emerging disease and informing response priorities.
Cocoa-associated filamentous fungi for the biocontrol of aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus
Authors: Oduro-Mensah Daniel , Lowor Sammy , Bukari Yahaya , Donkor Jacob , Minnah Bismark , Dontoh Derry , Amadu Ayesha , Ocloo Augustine
Published: April 2023

Aflatoxin and other mycotoxin contamination are major threats to global
food security and present an urgent need to secure the global food crop
against spoilage by mycotoxigenic fungi. Cocoa material is noted for
naturally low aflatoxin contamination. This study was designed to assess
the potential for harnessing cocoa-associated filamentous fungi for the
biocontrol of aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus. The candidate fungi were
isolated from fermented cocoa beans collected from four cocoa-growing
areas in Ghana. Molecular characterization included ITS-sequencing for
identification and PCR to determine mating type. Effects of the
candidate isolates on growth and aflatoxin-production by an
aflatoxigenic A. flavus isolate (BANGA1) were assessed. Aflatoxin
production was monitored by UV fluorescence and quantified by ELISA.
Thirty-six filamentous fungi were cultured and identified as
Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Lichtheimia or Trichoderma spp. isolates. The
isolates generally interacted negatively with BANGA1 growth and
aflatoxin production. The A. niger and A. aculeatus biocontrol
candidates showed the strongest colony antagonism (54–94%) and
reduction in aflatoxin production (12–50%) on agar. In broth, the A.
niger isolates reduced aflatoxin production by up to 97%. Metabolites
from the A. niger isolates showed the strongest inhibition of growth by
BANGA1 and inhibited aflatoxin production. Four of the candidate
isolates belonged to the MAT1-1 mating type and 12 identified as MAT1-2.
This may be indicative of the potential for genetic recombination events
between fungi in the field, and finding which is particularly relevant
to the risk posed by A. flavus biocontrol measures that rely on
atoxigenic A. flavus strains.
Maternal diet during pregnancy is not linked to childhood wheezing or atopic eczema
Authors: Sivula Elina , Puharinen Heidi , Hantunen Sari , Keski-Nisula Leea , Backman Katri
Published: April 2023

Background: Several recent studies have investigated the
association between maternal diet during pregnancy and asthma in
children. However, whether a specific dietary pattern during pregnancy
protects children from asthma remains unclear. This study investigated
the association between a healthy diet, dietary inflammation potential
during pregnancy, and the risk for wheezing and atopic eczema in
children. Methods: This study included 1330 mother-child pairs
who attended the Kuopio Birth Cohort (KuBiCo) study and had dietary
information during the last trimester and information on children’s
health in the first year of life. The Alternative Healthy Eating Index
for Pregnancy (AHEI-P) and Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) indicate a
healthy diet and dietary inflammation potential during pregnancy. The
AHEI-P and DII were compared with reported wheezing and doctor-diagnosed
atopic eczema in children during the first year of life.
Results: Neither the AHEI-P nor the DII was associated with
wheezing or atopic eczema in children when analyzed by continuous
variables or tertiles. The odds ratio for AHEI-P and wheezing was 0.99
(0.98–1.01); for AHEI-P and atopic eczema was 1.01 (0.99–1.02); for
DII and wheezing was 1.02 (0.95–1.09), and for DII and atopic eczema
was 0.97 (0.91–1.04). Conclusion: In this cohort study, a
maternal healthy or anti-inflammatory diet during pregnancy was not
associated with wheezing or atopic eczema in the first year of life.
Interventions in the overall dietary pattern during pregnancy might not
effectively prevent atopic diseases in children.