bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MEMAHAMI ISLAM SECARA KAFFAH: INTEGRASI ILMU KEAGAMAAN DENGAN ILMU_ILMU UMUM
Authors: Ritonga A. Rahman
Published: March 2018

Islamic techings that called kaffah (absolute, universal and elastic) in accordance with the changes of times and the area in which he imposed. The absoluteness related to the user or object and material of teachings. In terms of material and dimensions, Islamic teachings derived from Qur'an and Hadith reach all human and genie problems whenever and wherever they are. The material that is charged to human not only aspects of sharia that consists of faith(akidah), worship(ibadah) and morality(akhlak) and Islamic laws, but reach all human needs in resolving problems and become their guidelines for life. This can be proved and felt when Islamic teachings was done in an integrative way through: a). Making use of Islam as the founda tion of science (axiology) without questioning the ontological and epistimology aspect. b) insert values of Islam (tawhid) in a broad sense to the general sciences and technology. c) Integrating curriculum package of general sciences with religious knowledge in the educational process to born the experts of general sciences approach in understanding the religious science with science and technology.

Ajaran Islam yang bersifat kaffah (absolut, universal dan elastis) sesuai dengan perubahan zaman dan wilayah dimana dia diberlakukan. Kekafahannya terkait kepada pengguna atau objek dari ajarannya dan mataeri ajarannya. Dari segi materi dan dimensinya, ajaran Islam yang bersumber dari al-Qur’an dan hadis menjangkau semua persoalan manusia dan jin kapan dan dimanapun mereka berada. Materi yang dibebankan kepada manusia bukan saja aspek syariah yang terdiri dari akidah, ibadah dan akhlak sertah hukum-hukum Islam, melaikan menjankau semua kebutuhan manusia dalam menyesaikan persolan dan memnjadi pedoman mereka seumar hidup. Hal tersebut dapat dibuktikan dan dirasakan apabila pemahaman ajaran Islam itu dilakukan secara integratif melalui: a). Menjadikan Islam sebagai landasan penggunaan ilmu (aksiologi) tanpa mempermasalahkan aspek ontologis dan epistimologisnya. b) memsukkan nilai-nilai Islam (tauhid) dalam arti luas ke dalam ilmu-ilmu umum dan teknologi. c) Mengintegrasikan peket kurikilum ilmu-ilmu umum dengan ilmu keagamaan dalam proses pendidikan untuk melahirkan ahli ilmu-ilmu umum yang d) melakukan pendekatan dalam memahami ilmu keagamaan dengan sains dan teknologi.
MODEL STRATEGI BERTAHAN HIDUP RUMAH TANGGA MISKIN (SEBUAH LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors: Asyari Asyari
Published: March 2018

Poverty is the enemy of the government in order to create public welfare. The policies and programs undertaken by the government for the purpose of reducing poverty. Policies and programs exist that succeed in reducing poverty but there is also spawned new poverty. The following article is a literature study on the model of survival of poor households that are not touched by the poverty alleviation program. The method used is to examine some of the results of studies that have been published in journals that describe how poor households to survive and get out of the winding poverty. The findings of this study to inform the causes of poverty are many. This is because poverty is a multidimensional concept. Forms of survival (survival) and exit (exit) on poverty conducted by the poor and poor households will vary according to the cause of poverty. Reduce poor households is not a program and policy apart from the causes of poverty. A separate program will create new poverty because the program did not aim at poverty reduction.

Kemiskinan adalah musuh pemerintah dalam rangka menciptakan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Berbagai kebijakan dan program dilakukan oleh pemerintah untuk tujuan mengurangi angka kemiskinan. Kebijakan dan program tersebut ada yang berhasil dalam mengurangi angka kemiskinan namun ada pula yang melahirkan kemiskinan baru. Tulisan berikut adalah studi literature tentang model bertahan hidup rumah tangga miskin yang tidak tersentuh oleh program pengentasan kemiskinan. Metode yang digunakan adalah menelaah beberapa hasil-hasil penelitian yang pernah dimuat di jurnal-jurnal yang menjelaskan bagaimana rumah tangga miskin bertahan hidup dan keluar dari lilitan kemiskinan. Temuan penelitian ini menginformasikan penyebab kemiskinan sangat banyak dan beragam. Hal ini karena kemiskinan merupakan konsep yang multidimensi. Bentuk-bentuk bertahan hidup (survival) dan keluar (exit) dari kemiskinan yang dilakukan oleh orang miskin dan rumah tangga miskin beragam sesuai dengan penyebab kemiskinan. Mengurangi rumah tangga miskin bukanlah dengan program dan kebijakan yang terpisah dari penyebab kemiskinan. Program yang terpisah tersebut akan membuat kemiskinan baru karena program tersebut tidak menyasar pengurangan kemiskinan.
MENATA REGULASI PEGADAIAN SYARIAH (UPAYA MENERAPKAN AL-MAQASID DAN MEMINIMALKAN KESENJANGAN SOSIAL)
Authors: Izmuddin Iiz
Published: March 2018

This study aims to prove that legislation or government regulation (No. 103 of 2000) relating to pawnshops still have not touched the side of shari'a, thus because its existence is intended for business purposes and does not touch the social side. Whereas the original purpose of al-Rahn contract is for social purposes. Changes in the transaction purpose of social objectives into the business transaction will result in social problems. The research method with a theoretical framework Maqasid al-Shariah that seen from the legal perspective (Islam), ethics, and the unity will be linked with the Fatwa No. 25 / DSN-MUI / III / 2002 concerning Rahn, DSN-MUI No. 26 / DSN-MUI / III / 2002 concerning Gold Rahn and DSN No. 68 / DSN-MUI / III / 2008 concerning Rahn tasjily as a reference of the technical implementation in implementing the Islamic pawnshop Organization products. The study concluded that the presence of the Islamic pawnshop just touches the side of the law, but the ethics and the unity is still neglected, for example, the issue of justice and social inequality and this paper describes how should the rules applied by social institutions so that the application of al-Rahn can be applied in its tracks, to reduce social- economic inequalities.

Penelitian ini betujuan ingin membuktikan bahwa Undang-undang atau Peraturan Pemerintah (Nomor 103 tahun 2000) yang berkaitan dengan pegadaian masih belum menyentuh sisi syariah, hal demikian dikarenakan keberadaanya diperuntukan untuk tujuan bisnis belaka dan tidak menyentuh sisi sosialnya. Padahal tujuan awal disyariatkannya akad al-rahn adalah untuk tujuan sosial. Perubahan tujuan transaksi dari tujuan sosial merubah dengan transaksi bisnis akan berakibat pada masalah sosial. Metode penelitian dengan kerangka teori Maqasid al-Shariah yang dilihat sisi hukum (Islam), etika, dan tauhid akan dihubungkan dengan Fatwa No. 25/DSN-MUI/III/2002 tentang Rahn, DSN-MUI No. 26/DSN-MUI/III/2002 tentang Rahn Emas dan Fatwa DSN No. 68/DSN-MUI/III/2008 tentang rahn tasjily sebagai rujukan dari pelaksanaan teknis dalam melaksanakan produk Lembaga Pegadaian Syariah. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa keberadaan Pegadaian Syariah hanya menyentuh sisi hukum saja, namun sisi etika dan tauhid masih terabaikan, misalnya masalah keadilan dan kesenjangan sosial dan tulisan ini menjelaskan bagaimana seharusnya peraturan-pertauran yang diterapkan lembaga sosial sehingga penerapan al-rahn dapat diterapkan di jalurnya yaitu untuk mengurangi kesenjangan sosial-eonomi
Apakah Kelompok Sel Itu?
Authors: Bising Yoseph P.
Published: March 2018

Kelompok sel adalah wadah untuk mengembalakan sekaligus memuridkan pengerja dan jemaat untuk dapat dipersiapkan menjadi umat yang layak segingga akhirnya mereka menjadi murid Kristus. Komsel adalah sekelompok orang yang hidup bersama-sama disuatu area, atau yang memiliki ketertarikan yang sama, atau dibawah satu peraturan hukum. Komsel adalah suatu kumpulan orang yang hidup saling berdekatan dan memiliki hubungan sosial, atau kepemilikan bersama, atau saling berbagi.  “Jadi kelompok sel adalah unit terkecil dari gereja Tuhan. Atau kelompok sel adalah keluarga Allah secara Rohani”. Sendiri kita mengerjakan sedikit, bersama kita mengerjakan banyak. Helen Keller.
Iman Dan Perkembangan IPTEK Dikaitkan Dengan HIV/AIDS
Authors: Pasuhuk Novie
Published: March 2018

Makalah ini membahas mengenai HIV/AIDS dan strategi penanggulangannya dikaitkan dengan Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi (IPTEK). Berdasarkan pemicu yang telah diberikan, penulis mencoba merumuskan permasalahan yang terjadi, melalui pertanyaan-pertanyaan berikut: Apa yang terjadi jika masalah HIV/AIDS tidak segera di atasi? Mengapa kebijakan dan strategi penanggulangan HIV/AIDS itu penting? Strategi dan upaya apa saja yang dilakukan untuk penanggulangan HIV/AIDS? Bagaimana memutus rantai penyebaran penyakit itu? Apakah IPTEK itu sebaiknya di hindari? Penulisan ini bertujuan agar pembaca dapat memahami apa yang akan terjadi jika masalah HIV/AIDS ini tidak segera diatasi. Selain itu, pembaca mengetahui dan mengerti mengapa strategi-strategi penanggulangan HIV/AIDS itu penting. Pembaca dapat mengetahui bagaimana memutus rantai penyebaran penyakit ini.  Pembaca dapat menentukan sikap bagaimana menyikapi IPTEK dengan pengaruh-pengaruh negatifnya. Lalu, pembaca dapat mengetahui apakah IPTEK itu sebaiknya di hindari atau tidak.
An Evaluation Of Liberation Theology in The Light Of Its Praxis
Authors: Wiryadinata Halim
Published: March 2018

This article is presented to see how Liberation Theology uses the Scripture wrongly in interpreting their mission. Liberation Theology brings also to the new approach for the third world country. This is how Christian should response Liberation Theology from its praxis.
Teori Psikologi Perkembangan Erik H. Erikson dan Manfaatnya Bagi Tugas Pendidikan Kristen Dewasa Ini
Authors: Krismawati Yeni
Published: March 2018

Perilaku seseorang tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh dorongan dari dalam dirinya Perkembangan tersebut ditentukan juga oleh kompleksitas faktor eksternal. Interaksi dengan orang-orang atau kelompok disekitarnya merupakan salah satu faktor ekternal  yang mempengaruhi proses pembentukan perilaku. Interaksi tersebut bahkan menjadi salah satu kebutuhan dasar manusia mengingat bahwa seseorang tidak dapat hidup sendiri tanpa orang lain (Maslow). John Bowlby juga menjelaskan kebergantungan terhadap orang lain sudah dirasakan seseorang sejak masih bayi sebagai perilaku penyesuaian sosial paling awal melalui  kelekatannya dengan orangtua. Penyesuaian sosial akan terus berlangsung hingga usia dewasa yang terbentuk melalui proses belajar dari sesamanya (Albert Bandura).
Mission And Evangelism: African Context
Authors: Wiryadinata Halim
Published: March 2018

This essay is a critical assessment of the shift in message and meaning of mission since the Edinburgh 1910 Conference. The essay will also include a clarification of the Lausanne documents on mission discussed by John Stott. Against the background of this critical assessment, I will suggest what should be the content and expression of the Gospel as it would be presented in an African context as discussed by David Gitari and Byang Kato. But before I discuss the above I will highlight the tension in mission.
Impact Response for Two Designs of Athletic Prosthetic Feet
Authors: Hamzah Mohsin N. , Merza Ammar S. , Ali Lamees Hussein
Published: March 2018

The present work evaluated the differences in mechanical properties of two athletic prosthetic feet samples when subjected to impact while running. Two feet samples designated as design A and B were manufactured using layers of different orientations of woven glass fiber reinforced with unsaturated polyester resin as bonding epoxy. The samples’ layers were fabricated with hand lay-up method. A theoretical study was carried out to calculate the mechanical properties of the composite material used in feet manufacturing, then experimental load-deflection  test was applied at 0 degree position and 25 degree dorsiflexion feet position  and impact test were applied for both feet designs to observe the behavior of the feet under static and impact loading and compare properties like stiffness, efficiency, rigidity, and shock absorption at different drop angles range from 25 degrees to 60 degrees which perform the foot positions while running. The load-deflection test result shows that the maximum deflection of the proposed design B was 32.2 mm at 0° and 38.45mm at 25°. While it was 41mm at 0˚ and 39mm at 25˚ for design A. Impact test result shows that design B foot gives peak load of 128 .7 kg with a peak time of 0.06 sec, while design Afoot gives 125.32 kg peak load with a time of 0.069 sec.
Permeability Estimation by Using the Modified and Conventional FZI Methods
Authors: Al-Jawad Mohammed S. , Ahmed Israa Jeryan
Published: March 2018

There many methods for estimation of permeability. In this Paper, permeability has been estimated by two methods. The conventional and modified methods are used to calculate flow zone indicator (FZI). The hydraulic flow unit (HU) was identified by FZI technique. This technique is effective in predicting the permeability in un-cored intervals/wells. HU is related with FZI and rock quality index (RQI). All available cores from 7 wells (Su -4, Su -5, Su -7, Su -8, Su -9, Su -12, and Su -14) were used to be database for HU classification. The plot of probability cumulative of FZI is used. The plot of core-derived probability FZI for both modified and conventional method which indicates 4 Hu (A, B, C and D) for Nahr Umr formation based on the four straight lines. The permeability was calculated by two methods for comparison and choosing the best.  The modified FZI method gives better results because the predicted permeability by this method demonstrates a coefficient of correlation (R2) higher than that of the conventional approach, where the value of R2 is 0.9645 of  modified FZI method while 0.892 of the conventional approach. When plotting RQI versus  on a log-log scale, all core samples with similar FZI values will lie on a straight line with a unit slope. Other core samples that have different FZI values will lie on other parallel lines. All lines in (RQI and ) plot of modified FZI method have unit slop and more parallel than these of the conventional approach. The plot of probability cumulative of FZIm is used to determine number of hydraulic flow unit for Nahr Umr formation. The plot of core-derived probability FZI for both modified and conventional method which indicates 4 Hus for Nahr Umr formation based on the four straight lines, these four straight lines of modified FZI method was more distinguished than these of the conventional approach.
Anaerobic Co-digestion of Giant Reed for Biogas Recovery
Authors: Ismail Zainab Ziad , Noori Nazik Adnan
Published: March 2018

This study investigated the feasibility of anaerobic co-digestion of giant reed (GR) inoculated with waste manure as a co-substrate for biogas production. The performance of co-digestion was evaluated in 4 anaerobic digesters operated in batch mode at different conditions. The effects of alkali pretreatment with NaOH (4% w/v) solution, inoculum type, and thermal condition were studied. The results demonstrated that the alkali-pretreatment of GR enhanced the biogas generation by about 15% at mesophilic conditions. Thermophilic conditions enhanced the biogas recovery from both alkali-free and alkali pretreated GR by 15% and 127%, respectively. The kinetic study of the co-digestion process of GR for biogas recovery suggested a significant agreement between measured and predicted values obtained by Modified Gompertz Model with correlation coefficients ≥ 0.98 indicating favorable conditions for the co-digestion of inoculated GR.
Risks of Design Stage in Iraqi Construction Project
Authors: Shadhar Alaa Kharbat , Mahmood Buroog Basheer
Published: March 2018

The management of construction projects needs to complete the basics of system management and work. Starting from the idea and how to turn it into a full study and ended at the construction project completion arriving at the purpose prepared for it, so the projects need to control on its operation and integration system in order to succeed.

It is no secret for who concerned in construction projects field that the design stage is a very important stage in construction project because it determines the final features of the project through the requirements provided by the employer for the consultant to formulate it during this phase in the form of plans, drawings, and specifications, then translated on the ground as the shape of completed project meets those requirements.

Therefore it has been necessary to focus in this paper on the design stage also demonstrated and analysis the most important risk facing this stage and their impact on a construction project by introducing a questionnaire to identify the most important risks factors at this stage affecting on the project.

The paper had been shown that the effect of the design stage on Lump sum type of project contract was higher than the unit price, while the most important factor effect on a project its fast response of design team to prepare the design documents in order to facilitate the workflow and sequence of execution with effect level 3.714.
Slab-beam Interaction in One-way Floor Systems
Authors: Al-Zaidee Salah Rohaima
Published: March 2018

This study focuses on the slab-beam interaction in one-way systems. In the context of this study, slab-beam interaction means how beam deflection can affect moment distribution in one-way slabs. This interaction is usually neglected in the traditional approximate analysis that is adopted in engineering practice and design codes. Slab positive moments have been considered as indicators on the accuracy of approximate methods, as they overestimate negative moments while underestimating positive moments.

After proposing of effecting parameters in slab-beam interaction including of panel length and width, beam dimensions, and slab thickness, Buckingham’s  theorem has been adopted to transform the dimensional-model into a non-dimensional qualitative one. Different case studies with finite element models have been adopted to generate points on the proposed qualitative non-dimensional model. Finally, linear regression analyses have been adopted to develop the corresponding quantitative models.

Case studies and corresponding regression analysis indicate that non-dimensional parameters adopted in the model are related linearly with a correlation coefficient in the range of 0.97 and that an error up to 250% may be noted due to neglecting the slab-beam interaction. Therefore, a condition related to the relative stiffness of supporting beams should be added to the current conditions for the approximated methods to be more accurate and more compatible with those adopted in the analysis of two-way systems.
Improvement of the Water Use Efficiency and Yield of Eggplant by Using Subsurface Water Retention Technology
Authors: Almasraf Sabah Anwer , Salim Ahmed Hatif
Published: March 2018

Sustainable crop production in a coarse soil texture is challenging due to high water permeability and low soil water holding capacity. In this paper, subsurface water retention technology (SWRT) through impermeable polyethylene membranes was placed at depth 35 cm below ground surface and within the root zone to evaluate and compare the impact of these membranes and control treatment (without using the membranes) on yield and water use efficiency of eggplant inside the greenhouse. The study was conducted in Al-Fahamah Township, Baghdad, Iraq during spring growing season 2017. Results demonstrated the yield and water use efficiencies were 3.483 kg/m2 and 5.653 kg/m3, respectively for SWRT treatment plot and 3.286 kg/m2 and 3.709 kg/m3, respectively for treatment without using SWRT. The increasing percentages for yield and water use efficiency were 6% and 52%, respectively. Additionally, saving in irrigation water in the SWRT membrane was about 44% of the total applied depth comparing with the control treatment.
Synthesis and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Aluminophosphate AlPO4-5 Molecular Sieve
Authors: Alnaama Asir
Published: March 2018

Nanocrystalline aluminophosphate AlPO4-5 molecular sieves were synthesized by hydrothermal method (HTS). Synthesis parameters like time and temperature of crystallization were investigated. Type of template (R) and ratio of R/P2O5 were studied also. Characterization of the synthesized AlPO4-5 were done by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDX), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry-thermogravimetry analysis (DSC-TGA), and N2 adsorption-desorption BET analysis. XRD patterns results showed excellent crystallinity for two types of templates, di-n-propylamine (DPA) and tetrapropyl ammonium hydroxide (TPAOH) for alumminophosphate five (AFI) structure. Nano-level for particle size of 66 nm was revealed by AFM test. Good thermal stability was obtained in DSC-TGA results. Best time and temperature of crystallization of 24h and 190 O C were got. Optimum R/P2O5 for two kind of template was established.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors are superior to docetaxel as second‐line therapy for patients with non‐small cell lung carcinoma
Authors: Fillon Mike
Published: March 2018

Key Points

When compared with docetaxel, checkpoint inhibitors prolong overall survival in second‐line and later lines of treatment among patients with advanced NSCLC.

There was no significant increase in survival noted for patients with EGFR‐mutant tumors. Checkpoint inhibitors should be considered for these patients only after all other effective therapies have been tried.

Smoking status appears to have minimal effect on the relative efficacy of these 2 therapies.
Childhood Obesity; Effects and Prevention
Authors: Rahman Md Habibur
Published: March 2018

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Child Health 2017; VOL 41 (2) :74-76
Bacteriological Profile of Urinary Tract Infection in Children of a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Nazme Nure Ishrat , Amin Abdullah Al , Jalil Farhana , Sultana Jesmin , Fatema Nurun Nahar
Published: March 2018

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the paediatric age group. The spectrum of etiologic agents causing UTI and their antimicrobial resistance pattern has been continuously changing over the years. It varies among geographical locations, hospitals and also in different age groups.Objective: The aim of this study was to find out the causative agents of UTI and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern in paediatric patients in CMH, Dhaka.Methodology: This is an observational cross sectional study. A total of 180 children aged 0 months to 15 years attending pediatric outpatient department or admitted in Department of Paediatrics CMH, Dhaka with suspected UTI were subjected for urine routine and microscopic examination between June 2015 to May 2016. Those having pyuria (n=120) were then sent for urine culture and sensitivity to the laboratory of Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP). Patients having significant growth of organism were enrolled as cases of confirmed UTI. After enrollment, relevant information such as age, sex, sociodemographic profile was obtained and recorded in case record form.Result: In the present study, urine routine microscopy was done in all 180 cases of suspected UTI. Among all urine analysis 67% had significant pyuria (n=120). Of the 120 cases with pyuria, 58 cases were having culture positive accounting 48.3% of the total sample studied. Occurrence of urinary tract infections was highest in the age group below 5 year (62.5%). UTI was more prevalent in girls (63.3%) with male to female ratio 1:1.7. E. coli was the commonest isolate (62.1%) followed by Enterococcus (19.2%) and Klebsiella (10.2%). E. coli was found to be most sensitive to Ciprofloxacin, Nitrofurantoin, Amikacin, and Levofloxacin in descending order. There was a generally high level of resistance of isolates to Cotrimoxazole, Amoxycillin, Aminoglycosides, Azythromycin and the Cephalosporins like Cefuroxime, Ceftazidime, Cefixime and Ceftriaxone compared to Ciprofloxacin, Nitrofurantoin and Levofloxacin.Conclusion: Based on our findings, Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin and Nitrofurantoin are appropriate for initial empirical therapy for UTI among Bangladeshi children.Bangladesh J Child Health 2017; VOL 41 (2) :77-83
Comparative Study of Early Versus Delayed Enteral Feeding in Development of Necrotizing Enterocolitis for Preterm Small for Date Babies
Authors: Biswas Piya , Singha Jugindra , Hoque Mujibul , Hossain Md Monir , Ali Manajjir
Published: March 2018

Background: Growth-restricted preterm infants are at increased risk of developing necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and initiation of enteral feeding is frequently delayed, even though delayed enteral feeding could diminish the functional adaptation of the gastrointestinal tract and result in feeding intolerance later.Objectives: To evaluate the development of necrotizing enterocolitis of early and delayed enteral feeding in preterm small for date babies (weighing 1000-1499 grams).Materials and Methods: This was a consecutive sampling technique, conducted in the Department of Paediatrics Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital during the period from July 2012 to June 2014. One hundred and forty neonates with preterm small for date babies were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Inclusion criteria were baby born preterm (<37 completed weeks) having birth weight below 10th percentile for gestational age, birth weight 1000- 1499 grams (VLBW), less than 48 hours postnatal age. Exclusion criteria were major congenital anomaly, Rhesus iso-immunization and Multiorgan dysfunction. They were divided randomly into two groups as Group A (early feeding group) and Group B (late feeding group) each consisting of 70 patients. After randomization 10 patients from group-A and 5 patients from group-B were excluded from analysis due to incomplete data. So, final sample size was 60 patients in Group A and 65 patients in Group B.Results: Gestational age (34.27 ±1.07 weeks vs 33.97 ± 1.30 weeks; p=0.167), sex (41 male, 19 female vs 40 male, 25 female; p=0.427) and weight (1196.3 ±135.9 gram vs 1172.3 ±136.4 gram; p=0.288) were statistically similar in early and late feeding group. Development of necrotizing enterocolitis [4 (6.7%) vs 5 (7.7%); p=1.000] and sepsis [3 (5.0%) vs 5 (7.7%); p=0.719] did not differ between early and late feeding group. Final outcome such as discharged home [45 (75.0%) vs 47 (72.3%); p>0.05], death [10 (16.7%) vs 11 (16.9%); p>0.05], oral feeding not established [1 (1.7%) vs 2 (3.1%); p>0.05], referred to paediatric surgery [4 (6.7%) vs 5 (7.7%); p>0.05] did not differ significantly between early and late feeding group. Causes of death were sepsis in 3 (30.0%), recurrent apnoea in 4 (40.0%)] and hypothermia in 3 (30.0%) in early feeding group; while causes of death were sepsis in 5 (45.5%), recurrent apnoea in 4 (36.4%)] and hypothermia in 2 (18.1%) neonates in late feeding group (p=0.861,p=0.881,p=0.781 respectively).Conclusion: Findings of this consecutive sampling technique concludes that early enteral feeding with breast milk does not increase the incidence of NEC, sepsis and death.Bangladesh J Child Health 2017; VOL 41 (2) :84-91
Effect of Fluid Supplementation on the Duration of Phototherapy
Authors: Morshed Jesmeen , Shahidullah Mohammod , Motanabbi Mahbub , Dey Sanjoy Kumer
Published: March 2018

Background: Hyperbilirubinemia or jaundice is a common condition found in neonates. If intervention is not initiated in case of gradually increasing hyperbilirubinemia may progress to develop kernicterus. Subclinical dehydration (Serum osmolality >290 mosm/kg) due to evaporative losses and poor intake of breast milk can lead to an increased incidence and exaggeration of jaundice in newborns leading to longer duration of phototherapy. Adequate hydration and good urine output improve the efficacy of phototherapy.Objective: To evaluate the effect of fluid supplementation on the duration of phototherapy.Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial conducted in NICU of BSMMU, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Sixty-four term neonates with severe nonhemolytic hyperbilirubinemia (TSB >18 mg/dl to <25 mg/dl) was included for study. The subjects were randomized to a case group (Group-I) (intravenous fluid supplementation) and control group (Group-II).Result: The rate of fall of S. bilirubin per hour at 6 hrs, 12 hrs, 24 hrs and 48 hrs after admission in intravenous fluid receiving group was more than the control group and it was statistically significant. Duration of Phototherapy in babies receiving extra IV fluid (Group-I) was also significantly less than those who did not receive IV fluid.Conclusion: Increased fluid supplementation during treatment in severe non-hemolytic hyperbilirubinemic patient decreases the duration of phototherapy.Bangladesh J Child Health 2017; VOL 41 (2) :92-95
Pulmonary Manifestations in Paediatric Rheumatic Diseases (PRDs): Experience in Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Islam Mohammad Imnul , Gomes Kalayan Benjamin , Haque Mujammel , Islam Mohammed Mahbubul , Talukder Manik Kumar , Rahman Shahana
Published: March 2018

Background: There are several forms of pulmonary manifestations in Paediatric Rheumatic Diseases (PRDs), not only by the disease itself, but also by infections and toxicity of medications used for treatment.Objectives: To evaluate the pulmonary manifestations and to identify their pattern in PRDs including Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA), Systemic Sclerosis (SSc), Juvenile Dermatomyositis (JDM) and Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN) patients.Methods: It was a cross-sectional analytical study. PRDs with pulmonary problems who attended the Paediatric Rheumatololgy follow up clinic of BSMMU from January 2010 to December 2014 were enrolled in this study. All patients having PRDS with pulmonary symptoms were investigated by chest x-ray. High regulation CT scan of Chest (HRCT) and pulmonary function tests (PFTs) were done in some of the feasible cases.Results: Total 20 cases were identified as paediatric rheumatic diseases with pulmonary manifestations. Out of them 8 patients were diagnosed as SLE, 6 patients as SSc, 4 patients as JIA, and 2 patients as JDM and PAN respectively. Mean age of the patients were 8.5 years. Fever (86.8%), prolonged cough (65%), dyspnoea (29%) and chest pain (3%) were the common pulmonary features. Pneumonitis (35%), pleural effusion (29.3%), consolidation (23.5%) were important radiological findings. Chest CT were done in 5 patients and features of brochiectasis (75%), thickening (25%), pleural effusion (50%) and pneumonitis (50%) were found. The higher rate of pulmonary involvement was found in Ssc (100%). Spirometric analysis were done in only 7 patients and found restrictive pattern of defect and most of them were SSc.Conclusion: Pulmonary manifestations in PRDs were not uncommon. SLE, JIA and SSc were the predominant PRDs who had pulmonary manifestations obsevered in this study. So timely intervention of this issue could minimize morbidity and mortality of these diseases in the long run.Bangladesh J Child Health 2017; VOL 41 (2) :96-100
Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Jahan Roushan , Riaaz Rumana , Mazumder Md Wahiduzzamun , Akhter Shohela , Rahman Shahana A
Published: March 2018

Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome (BRBNS) is a rare condition that is characterized by malformations of the venous system that significantly involve the skin and viscera.Cutaneous malformations are usually asymptomatic and do not require treatment except cosmetic purpose. The treatment of gastrointestinal lesions is determined by the extent of involvement and severity of the disease.We are presenting a case of BRBNS who was admitted in the paediatric ward of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University(BSMMU) with the complaints of progressive pallor since one year of age, passage of blackish stool for last two years, presence of soft bluish/and swelling all over the body and multiple dark blue to blackish nodule present in palm and sole. She got blood transfusion over one hundred (100) times. Endoscopy showed multiple haemangioma with active bleeding in upper GIT. After possible investigations she was diagnosed as a case of BRBNS and treated with available treatment facility.Bangladesh J Child Health 2017; VOL 41 (2) :125-128
Niemann - Pick Disease Type B: A Case Report
Authors: Yasmin Afsana , Rukunuzzaman Md , Karim ASM Bazlul , Alam Rubaiyat
Published: March 2018

Niemann-Pick disease is a rare lysosomal storage disease responsible for numerous cytological abnormalities involving liver, spleen, lymph nodes, nervous system, lungs and bone marrow. This disease occurs due to accumulation of sphingomyelin in various tissues. Our patient is a 4 years boy presented with hepatosplenomegaly and growth failure. Cherry red spot was found on ophthalmologic examination. Niemann Pick cell was found on bone marrow examination. As because enzyme estimation is not available in Bangladesh, we diagnosed the case as Niemann Pick disease considering the clinical and laboratory findings.Bangladesh J Child Health 2017; VOL 41 (2) :135-137
Notes and News Vol.41(2)
Authors: Editor -
Published: March 2018

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Child Health 2017; VOL 41 (2) :139
Association between SLCO1B3 gene polymorphism and prostate cancer risk: A meta-analytic study
Authors: Shen Qunshan , Liang Yu , Li Haibo , Chen Mei , Zhang Jun , Feng Pengcheng , Meng Jie , Yu Haiyun
Published: March 2018

The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the association between SLCO1B3 gene polymorphism and prostate cancer risk. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from inception to September 2017 were searched. Three authors independently selected studies, extracted data and assessed risk of bias. 5 articles published from 2008 to 2013 with 840 patients were included in this meta-analysis and were from Japan, USA and China. The prostate cancer risk of SLCO1B3 (rs4149117, GG) was markedly higher than that of SLCO1B3 (rs4149117, TT/TG, RR= 0.44, 95%CI: 0.39-0.49, p<0.00001), rs4149117 (TT, RR= 0.37, 95%CI: 0.32-0.42, p<0.00001) and rs4149117 (TG, RR= 0.07, 95%CI: 0.05-0.10, p<0.00001). 2 or 5 years risk  free symptoms (RFS) of prostate cancer patient with SLCO1B3 (rs4149117, GG) was markedly higher than that of SLCO1B3 (rs4149117, TT/TG) (RR= -0.17, 95% CI: -0.27--0.07, p= 0.001 and RR= -0.08, 95% CI: -0.16-0.00, p= 0.004). However, no evidence showed there existed significant statistical relationship between SLCO1B3 (rs4149117) and 10 years RFS of prostate cancer (RR= -0.07, 95% CI: -0.19-0.06, p= 0.29). These data suggest that SLCO1B3 (rs4149117, GG) enhanced the RFS of prostate cancer.
Millennial fandom and the failures of "Switched at Birth"'s sexual assault education campaign
Authors: Brown Stephanie Anne
Published: March 2018

Since the emergence in the 1970s of the ABC Afterschool Special series, networks have sought to distance themselves from the what critics saw as the crass, shallow spectacle of mainstream television. Indeed, contemporary teen programming increasingly rejects black-and-white messages and didacticism in favor of provoking discussion both within the text and online. How, then, do "very special episodes" play out in an age of social TV, online fan discussion, and culturally edgy teen programming? By exploring a 2015 sexual assault story arc on ABC Family's teen drama, Switched at Birth (2011–17), and the network's accompanying social media fan engagement, I argue that fan conversations on social media about divisive or sensitive topics have the potential to disrupt the educational messages within teen programming. ABC Family's #SwitchedAfterChat exemplifies the ways in which fan engagement strategies that fail to adequately support online conversations surrounding sensitive or controversial topics have the potential to thwart educational messaging and to shut down lines of conversation opened by the television text itself, not only in teen programming but in television storytelling more generally.
Be him/have him: Brooker/Bowie
Authors: Coppa Francesca
Published: March 2018

Review of Will Brooker, Forever Stardust: David Bowie Across the Universe. London: I. B. Tauris, 2017, paperback, $17.99 (256p) ISBN 978-1784531423; and Being Bowie. Documentary film/audiovisual essay. Directed by Will Brooker, edited by Rebecca Hughes, 2016.
How Brazilian Whovians influenced BBC's strategies through Twitter: Fifty years of "Doctor Who" and fan engagement
Authors: Vieira Eloy Santos , França Lilian Cristina Monteiro
Published: March 2018

Doctor Who (1963–89, 1996, 2005–) is a remarkable example of how storytelling and marketing strategies can be assembled. Its fiftieth anniversary special was broadcast simultaneously in 2013 in ninety-three countries on TV (with a peak audience of 10.6 million on BBC One alone) and was also screened in more than 1,500 movie theaters after fan mobilization on Twitter. We show how this fan mobilization influenced the BBC's strategy to broadcast the special in Brazilian territory.
О показателях иррациональности некоторых чисел - II
Authors: Polyanskii Alexandr Andreevich
Published: March 2018

В статье доказываются оценки сверху показателей
иррациональности чисел $\sqrt{2k-1} \operatorname{arctg}(\sqrt{2k-1}/(k-1))$,
где $k$ - четное положительное число.
Библиография: 12 названий.
Подход к изучению конечно определенных групп, основанный на понятии дискретной кривизны
Authors: Lysenok Igor Geront'evich
Published: March 2018

Рассматривается некоторое достаточное условие гиперболичности
группы, заданной в терминах порождающих и определяющих соотношений.
Условие формулируется в терминах отрицательности некоторого
дискретного аналога кривизны диаграмм Линдона-ван Кампена над
заданием группы и является обобщением условия малого сокращения.
Библиография: 5 названий.
Безусловно сходящиеся интерполяционные рациональные сплайны
Authors: Ramazanov Abdul-Rashid Kekhrimanovich , Magomedova Vazipat Gusenovna
Published: March 2018

Для непрерывной на отрезке функции построены
интерполяционные рациональные сплайны, последовательность которых
для любой последовательности сеток с диаметром, стремящимся к нулю,
равномерно на этом отрезке сходится к самой функции.
Этим же свойством безусловной сходимости обладают производные.
Даны оценки скорости сходимости.
Библиография: 16 названий.
Адамаровы разложения алгебр близких к коммутативным
Authors: Ivanov Dmitry Nikolaevich
Published: March 2018

Понятие адамарова разложения полупростой ассоциативной
конечномерной комплексной алгебры обобщает понятие классической
матрицы Адамара, которое отвечает случаю коммутативных алгебр.
Алгебры, допускающие адамаровы разложения, называются адамаровыми.
Исследуется структура адамаровых разложений алгебр, все
неприводимые характеры которых имеют степень $1$, за исключением
одного характера, имеющего степень $2$. В частности, показывается,
как, используя адамарово разложения такой алгебры размерности $n$,
можно построить матрицу Адамара порядка $n$.
Библиография: 12 названий.
Асимптотика модулей зеркально симметричных двусвязных областей при растяжении
Authors: Dautova Dina Nailevna , Nasyrov Semen Rafailovich
Published: March 2018

Получена асимптотическая формула для конформного модуля
симметричной относительно оси абсцисс двусвязной области
при ее неограниченном растяжении в направлении этой оси.
Тем самым в случае симметричных областей дан ответ на вопрос,
поставленный проф. М. Вуориненом.
Библиография: 20 названий.
Гомоморфно устойчивые абелевы группы
Authors: Chekhlov Andrey Rostislavovich
Published: March 2018

Группа называется гомоморфно устойчивой относительно второй группы,
если объединение гомоморфных образов первой группы во вторую группу
является подгруппой второй группы. Группа называется гомоморфно
устойчивой, если она гомоморфно устойчива относительно каждой группы.
Показано, что группа гомоморфно устойчива, если она гомоморфно устойчива
относительно своей двойной прямой суммы. В частности, для всякой группы
прямая сумма и прямое произведение бесконечного числа копий этой группы
являются гомоморфно устойчивыми группами, гомоморфно устойчивы
и эндоциклические группы. Найдены необходимые и достаточные условия
гомоморфно устойчивости вполне транзитивной группы без кручения.
Установлено, что группа гомоморфно устойчива тогда и только
тогда, когда гомоморфно устойчива ее редуцированная часть,
а расщепляющаяся группа гомоморфно устойчива тогда и только тогда,
когда гомоморфно устойчива ее часть без кручения. Показано, что
всякая группа гомоморфно устойчива относительно периодической группы.
Библиография: 7 названий.
Положительная определенность комплексной кусочно-линейной функции и некоторые ее применения
Authors: Zastavnyi Viktor Petrovich , Manov Anatoliy
Published: March 2018

Для заданных $\alpha\in(0,1)$ и $c=h+i\beta$, $h,\beta\in\mathbb R$,
функция $f_{\alpha,c}\colon\mathbb R\to\mathbb C$
определяется следующим образом:
1) $f_{\alpha,c}$ является
эрмитовой, т.е. $f_{\alpha,c}(-x)=\overline{f_{\alpha,c}(x)}$,
$x\in\mathbb R$;
2) $f_{\alpha,c}(x)=0$ при $x>1$, а на
каждом отрезке $[0,\alpha]$ и $[\alpha,1]$
функция $f_{\alpha,c}$ является линейной и $f_{\alpha,c}(0)=1$,
$f_{\alpha,c}(\alpha)=c$, $f_{\alpha,c}(1)=0$.
В статье
доказано, что комплексная кусочно-линейная функция
$f_{\alpha,c}$ является положительно определенной
на $\mathbb R$ тогда и только тогда, когда
$$
m(\alpha)\le h\le 1-\alpha\quad и\quad |\beta|\le\gamma(\alpha,h),
$$
где
$$
m(\alpha)=
\begin{cases}
0, &если 1/\alpha\notin\mathbb N,

-\alpha, &если 1/\alpha\in\mathbb N.
\end{cases}
$$
Если $m(\alpha)<h<1-\alpha$ и $\alpha\in\mathbb Q$,
то $\gamma(\alpha,h)>0$; в остальных случаях
$\gamma(\alpha,h)=0$. С помощью этого результата получен
критерий вполне монотонности функций специального вида
и доказано точное неравенство для тригонометрических
многочленов.
Библиография: 25 названий.
Замечания об оценках слабого типа для больших квадратичных функций
Authors: Huang Yi C.
Published: March 2018

В данной работе оценки слабого типа,
недавно полученные А. К. Лернером, обобщаются на случай
больших квадратичных функций с помощью простых рассуждений
в терминах действительных переменных.
Аналогично улучшается $L^1$-оценка слабого типа
относительно больших операторов Литтлвуда-Пэли,
полученная Н. Н. Осиповым.
Библиография: 13 названий.
Теорема о неявной функции для включений, задаваемых близкими отображениями
Authors: Avakov Evgeny Rachievich , Magaril-Il'yaev Georgii Georgievich
Published: March 2018

Рассматривается вопрос об условиях разрешимости включений
$F(x,\sigma)\in Q$ для отображений $F$, близких, в тех или иных метриках,
к некоторому заданному отображению $\widehat{F}$.
Библиография: 4 названия.
О сходимости рядов блоков членов рядов Фурье функций двух переменных ограниченной вариации
Authors: Telyakovskii Sergei Aleksandrovich
Published: March 2018

Приведено необходимое и достаточное условие того,
что на классе функций двух переменных,
имеющих ограниченную вариацию в смысле Харди,
сходятся ряды модулей блоков членов рядов Фурье и
блоков рядов слагаемых в равенстве Парсеваля.
Библиография: 6 названий.
Об особых точках мероморфных функций, задаваемых непрерывными дробями
Authors: Buslaev Viktor Ivanovich
Published: March 2018

В статье показано, что гипотеза Лейтона об особых точках
мероморфных функций, представимых C-дробями
$\mathscr K _{n=1}^\infty(a_nz^{\alpha_n}/1)$ со стремящимися
к бесконечности показателями $\alpha_1,\alpha_2,…$,
доказанная А. А. Гончаром для неубывающей последовательности
показателей, выполняется и для мероморфных функций, представимых
непрерывными дробями $\mathscr K _{n=1}^\infty(a_nA_n(z)/1)$, где
$A_1,A_2,…$ - последовательность многочленов, имеющих предельное
распределение нулей, с неубывающими
стремящимися к бесконечности степенями.
Библиография: 22 названия.
Мера множества нулей суммы невырожденного синус-ряда с монотонными коэффициентами на отрезке $[0,\pi]$
Authors: Oganesyan Kristina Artakovna
Published: March 2018

Рассматриваются ненулевые синус-ряды со стремящимися
к нулю монотонными коэффициентами. Показано, что
множество нулей на $[0,\pi]$ такого ряда не может иметь
меру больше, чем $\pi/3$. Причем если это значение
достигается, то почти все множество нулей лежит на
отрезке $[2\pi/3,\pi]$.
Библиография: 5 названий.
Группы $G_{n}^{2}$ с дополнительными структурами
Authors: Kim Seongjeong
Published: March 2018

В работе [1] В. О. Мантуров ввел в рассмотрение
группы $G_{n}^{k}$, зависящие от двух натуральных параметров $n>k$,
естественным образом связанные с топологией и
динамическими системами. Группа $G_{n}^{2}$,
которая является простейшей частью $G_{n}^{k}$,
изоморфна группе крашеных свободных кос из $n$ нитей.
В настоящей работе говорится о группах $G_{n}^{2}$
с дополнительными структурами - четность и точки;
эти группы обозначаются через $G_{n,p}^{2}$ и $G_{n,d}^{2}$.
Вначале дается определение групп $G_{n,p}^{2}$ и $G_{n,d}^{2}$,
затем рассматривается отношение между группами $G_{n}^{2}$,
$G_{n,p}^{2}$ и $G_{n,d}^{2}$. Наконец приведен пример косы
из $n+1$ нитей, которая отличается от тривиальной косы
из $n+1$ нитей с помощью косы из $n$ нитей с четностью.
После этого автор обсуждает зацепления в $S_{g} \times S^{1}$,
которые могут задавать диаграммы с точками;
эти точки отвечает сомножителю $S^{1}$ из $S_{g} \times S^{1}$.
Библиография: 11 названий.
Social and healthcare staff’s self-reported simulation learning needs in small and middle-sized enterprises
Authors: Salminen-Tuomaala Mari Helena , Kangasluoma Elina , Niinimäki Asta , Kurunsaari Marja-Terttu
Published: March 2018

Objective: The study describes learning needs of social and healthcare staff in small and middle-sized enterprises, which participate in a simulation-based coaching project. The study aims at producing knowledge that can be used to develop the content of multiprofessional simulation-based coaching.Methods: Data were collected through an online survey using a questionnaire with quantitative and qualitative items. The qualitative data were analyzed using inductive content analysis and the statistical data using SPSS for Windows version 23.Results: The professional development needs of social and healthcare staff in small and middle-sized enterprises emerged in the following areas: the respondent’s professional knowledge base; the respondent’s professional skill base; multiprofessional collaboration; development of the business, and networking between enterprises. The staff recognized their need to develop both personally in the area of key competences, and collaboratively in the organization.Conclusions: The results will be used when planning multiprofessional simulation-based coaching for acute, recurrent and infrequent situations in small and middle-sized social and healthcare enterprises. Simulation pedagogy can also be used to prepare for various client and family counseling situations and to practice communication and interaction for interdisciplinary teamwork.
Multimodal Discourse Analysis of the Movie Argo
Authors: Bo Xu
Published: March 2018

Based on multimodal discourse theory, this paper makes a multimodal discourse analysis of some shots in the movie Argo from the perspective of context of culture, context of situation and meaning of image. Results show that this movie constructs multimodal discourse through particular context, language and image, and successfully publicizes western mainstream ideology.