bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of chirality on the optical properties of layered hybrid perovskiteR- andS-α-methylbenzylammonium lead iodide
Authors: Sheikh Tariq , Maqbool Shabnum , Rajput Parikshit Kumar , Mandal Pankaj , Nag Angshuman
Published: June 2022

Chirality induces excitonic splitting inR- andS-α-methylbenzylammonium lead iodide at lower temperatures (below 150 K).
Plasma flow chemistry for direct N-acylation of amines by esters
Authors: Abedelnour Elias , Ognier Stephanie , Zhang Mengxue , Schio Laurent , Venier Olivier , Cossy Janine , Tatoulian Michael
Published: June 2022

The synthesis of N-acylamines by using a plasma gas/liquid flow microreactor without any additives is reported, N-acylamines were obtained in good to excellent yields from primary and secondary amines, as well as from anilines, using different esters.
Cyclic (amino)(barrelene)carbenes: an original family of CAACs through a novel synthetic pathway
Authors: Serrato Melinda R. , Melaimi Mohand , Bertrand Guy
Published: June 2022

A [4+2] cyclization of an anthracene derivative with an alkyne is the key step towards a novel family of CAACs.
Bulky countercation effects on the crystal packing of anionic dithiooxalato-containing Ni(ii), Pd(ii) and Pt(ii) complexes: spectroscopic–redox correlations
Authors: El Alouani Dahmouni Nadia , Switlicka Anna , Machura Barbara , Moliner Nicolás , Rabelo Renato , Ruiz-García Rafael , Stiriba Salah-Eddine , Cano Joan , Julve Miguel
Published: June 2022

The metal ion, countercation and crystallization solvent control the packing of bis(dithiooxalato-k2S,S′)metallate(ii) complex anions in the solid state.
Facile fabrication of ultrafine CoNi alloy nanoparticles supported on hexagonal N-doped carbon/Al2O3 nanosheets for efficient protein adsorption and catalysis
Authors: He Xiaoying , Han Suping , Zheng Jing , Xu Jingli , Yin Xue-Bo , Zhang Min
Published: June 2022

C–CoNi/@Al2O3 nanosheets were well constructed with CoAl-LDH nanosheets as a precursor, and exhibited excellent performance as both a catalyst and an adsorbent.
Azo-oximate metal-carbonyl to metallocarboxylic acid via the intermediate Ir(iii) radical congener: quest for co-ligand driven stability of open- and closed-shell complexes
Authors: Dinda Soumitra , Pramanik Shuvam , Basu Jaydeep , Patra Sarat Chandra , Pramanik Kausikisankar , Ganguly Sanjib
Published: June 2022

Radical-mediated conversion of metal carbonyl to metallocarboxylic acid has been successfully accomplished along with the exploration of the stability of open- and closed-shell complexes by stereochemical alteration of co-ligands.
Covalent triflates as synthons for silolyl- and germolyl cations
Authors: Wohltmann Wiebke Marie , Schmidtmann Marc , Müller Thomas
Published: June 2022

Not the antiaromatic heterol cations but their complexes with Lewis bases are obtained from covalent heterolyltriflates.
Novel peptides from sea cucumber intestinal hydrolysates promote longitudinal bone growth in adolescent mice through accelerating cell cycle progress by regulating glutamine metabolism
Authors: Yue Hao , Tian Yingying , Feng Xiaoxuan , Bo Yuying , Leng Zhibing , Dong Ping , Xue Changhu , Wang Jingfeng
Published: June 2022

Novel peptides from sea cucumber intestinal supplement upregulated glutamine metabolism to promote chondrocyte proliferation, and finally promoting longitudinal bone growth.
Frontiers in single cell analysis: multimodal technologies and their clinical perspectives
Authors: Källberg Julia , Xiao Wenjin , Van Assche David , Baret Jean-Christophe , Taly Valerie
Published: June 2022

Multimodal single cell analysis provides insights in cellular processes such as cell fate decisions, physiological heterogeneity or genotype–phenotype linkages. This review presents an overview of recent multimodal microfluidic platforms with potential in biomedical research.
Chitosan- or glycidyl methacrylate-based adsorbents for the removal of dyes from aqueous solutions: a review
Authors: Mashabi Raed A. , Khan Ziya A. , Elwakeel Khalid Z.
Published: June 2022

Dyes have been found in industrial effluents, highlighting the need for effective treatment. CS and GMA derivatives have good water-purification properties, and they can be utilized to clean wastewater effectively.
Preparation of a boronate affinity-functionalized metal–organic framework material for selective recognition and separation of glycoproteins at physiological pH
Authors: Zhang Baoyue , Chen Xue , He Jianghua , Guo Bailin , Bi Sheng , Zhang Feng , Tian Miaomiao
Published: June 2022

A boronate affinity functionalized metal–organic framework material was successfully prepared for the efficient and selective extraction of OVA glycoprotein from egg white samples and protein powder.
Novel benzo[b]thieno[2,3-d]thiophene derivatives with an additional alkyl-thiophene core: synthesis, characterization, and p-type thin film transistor performance
Authors: Park Soyoon , Ryu Soomin , Ho Dongil , Chae Wookil , Earmme Taeshik , Kim Choongik , Seo SungYong
Published: June 2022

Newly synthesized benzo[b]thieno[2,3-d]thiophene derivatives were employed as active layers of organic field effect transistors, and these transistors showed decent electrical performance.
Fe–Ni–Co trimetallic oxide hierarchical nanospheres as high-performance bifunctional electrocatalysts for water electrolysis
Authors: Zheng Wenqing , Ma Xinzhi , Sun Han , Li Xinping , Zhang Yu , Yin Zhuoxun , Chen Wei , Zhou Yang
Published: June 2022

Fe–Ni–Co spheres were used as bifunctional catalysts exhibit high total water decomposition activity. Only a cell voltage of 1.61 V was required to attain a current density of 10 mA cm−2.
Substituted pyrrolyl-cyanopyridines on the platform of acylethynylpyrroles via their 1 : 2 annulation with acetonitrile under the action of lithium metal
Authors: Tomilin Denis N. , Sobenina Lyubov N. , Saliy Ivan V. , Ushakov Igor A. , Belogolova Aleksandra M. , Trofimov Boris A.
Published: June 2022

A facile one-pot synthesis of 2-(pyrrolyl)-4-aryl(hetaryl)-5-cyano-6-methylpyridines in 63–87% yield via the cyclization of available acylethynylpyrroles with two molecules of acetonitrile under the action of lithium metal at room temperature has been developed.
Enhanced catalytic activity of perovskite La1−xSrxMnO3+δ for the oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Wang Wencong , Liu Wei , Kamiko Masao , Yagi Shunsuke
Published: June 2022

The relationship between the ORR catalytic activity of LaMnO3+δ and its Mn–O bond length was examined by replacing La with Sr, and it was found that the shorter the bond length, the higher the activity.
Low-temperature growth of ultrathin and epitaxial Mo2C nanosheets via a vapor–liquid–solid process
Authors: Wang Bin , Zhao Changbao , Wang Chao , Li Rongtan , Zhang Guohui , Mu Rentao , Fu Qiang
Published: June 2022

Ultrathin Mo2C nanosheets are synthesized via a VLS process where Na2MoO4 is used to act as a liquid precursor. Na+ plays an important role in consolidating Mo atoms, forming a liquid–solid interface and promoting the epitaxial growth of Mo2C nanosheets.
Challenges for the determination of spiramycin in aqueous matrices using LC-MS/MS: evidence for the solvent intrusion on the molecule integrity
Authors: Nasiri Azadeh , Mokhtari Shaya , Jahani Reza , Daraie Bahram , Yazdanpanah Hassan , Faizi Mehrdad , Kobarfard Farzad
Published: June 2022

Water, ethanol, and methanol as protic solvents can add to the formyl group of spiramycin molecules during standard solutions preparation while there was no evidence for the addition of acetonitrile and dimethyl sulfoxide as aprotic solvents.
Fe(iii) and Cr(vi) ions' removal using AgNPs/GO/chitosan nanocomposite as an adsorbent for wastewater treatment
Authors: El Shahawy Abeer , Mubarak Mahmoud F. , El Shafie Merna , Abdulla Hesham M.
Published: June 2022

Steps of AgNPs/GO/chitosan nanocomposite preparation.
Visible-light-promoted and chlorophyll-catalyzed aerobic desulfurization of thioamides to amides
Authors: Yang Zihui , Zhou Haoyi , Wang Lin , Zhang Jingxuan , Xie Hongqi , Liu Yisong , Zeng Jianguo , Cheng Pi
Published: June 2022

A visible-light-promoted desulfurization of thioamides to amides is reported. Natural pigment chlorophyll is used as a photosensitizer to generate singlet molecular oxygen 1O2 as oxidants.
Between imide, imidyl and nitrene – an imido iron complex in two oxidation states
Authors: Reith Sascha , Demeshko Serhiy , Battistella Beatrice , Reckziegel Alexander , Schneider Christian , Stoy Andreas , Lichtenberg Crispin , Meyer Franc , Munz Dominik , Werncke C. Gunnar
Published: June 2022

A pair of trigonal imido iron complexes ([Fe(NMes)L2]0,−) in two oxidation states is reported. The anionic complex K{crypt.222}[Fe(NMes)L2] is best described as an iron(ii) imide.
Combined small and large magnetic nanoparticle extraction and concentration from biofluids for non-toxic detection of biomarkers
Authors: Lapchuk Anatoliy S. , Gorbov Ivan V. , Prygun Alexander V. , Balagura Iryna V. , Morozov Yevhenii M.
Published: June 2022

Sketch of the concentration of small and large magnetic nanoparticles in biofluid to the area of biomarker detection for enhancing the method sensitivity.
Coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations of immobilized micelle systems and their interactions with hydrophobic molecules
Authors: Gokhale Devashish , Chen Ian , Doyle Patrick S.
Published: June 2022

Coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations of immobilized micelles show that immobilizing constraints can strengthen micelle–small molecule interactions with important implications for drug delivery, water treatment and other applications.
Inverse vulcanised sulfur polymer nanoparticles prepared by antisolvent precipitation
Authors: Zhang Bowen , Petcher Samuel , Dop Romy A. , Yan Peiyao , Zhao Wei , Wang Haoran , Dodd Liam J. , McDonald Tom O. , Hasell Tom
Published: June 2022

Inverse vulcanised sulfur polymer nanoparticles prepared by antisolvent precipitation–demonstrated as mercury ion absorbent in solution, showing high selectivity and capacity, and as membrane filters.
UV-crosslinkable anthracene-based ionomer derived gas “Expressway” for anion exchange membrane fuel cells
Authors: Wang Bowen , Pan Ji , Zou Xiuyang , Zhao Junliang , Xu Guodong , Jin Zhiyu , Sun Zhe , Yan Feng
Published: June 2022

The gas permeability of the catalyst layer was increased by 130% after crosslinking due to the high free volume.
Design of hydrogel-based wearable EEG electrodes for medical applications
Authors: Hsieh Ju-Chun , Li Yang , Wang Huiqian , Perz Matt , Tang Qiong , Tang Kai Wing Kevin , Pyatnitskiy Ilya , Reyes Raymond , Ding Hong , Wang Huiliang
Published: June 2022

We are in the evolution of continuous monitoring of neural activity with non-invasive wearable EEGs. The development of hydrogel electrodes technology is important for home-use systems for long-term EEG monitoring and diagnostics of disease.
Current status and prospects of metal–organic frameworks for bone therapy and bone repair
Authors: Li Minmin , Yin Shihai , Lin Mingzi , Chen Xuelin , Pan Ying , Peng Yanqiong , Sun Jianbo , Kumar Abhinav , Liu Jianqiang
Published: June 2022

In the present perspective, the use of MOFs in bone therapy and bone repair has been summarized, and an outlook on the future direction of MOFs in bone therapy and bone repair has been provided.
Hypochlorous acid triggered fluorescent probes forin situimaging of a psoriasis model
Authors: Wei Peng , Guo Yu , Liu Lingyan , Zhou Xiaojun , Yi Tao
Published: June 2022

Two turn-on fluorescent probes based on Oxazine 1 were developed for the detection of HOCl. The selected probe G2 can not only detect basal HOCl in HL-60 cells, but also identify HOCl in a mouse model imiquimod induced psoriasis.
Smart textiles for human–machine interface fabricated via a facile on-site vapor-phase polymerization
Authors: Wang Haoyu , Xing Yi , Xiao Zuo , Sun Hengda , Wang Gang , Zhu Meifang
Published: June 2022

PEDOT deposition on 1D to 3D textiles is achieved by an on-site vapor polymerization and their application in human–machine interfaces is then explored.
Alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor mediates chronic nicotine inhalation-induced cardiopulmonary dysfunction
Authors: Whitehead Anna K. , Fried Nicholas D. , Li Zhen , Neelamegam Kandasamy , Pearson Charlotte S. , LaPenna Kyle B. , Sharp Thomas E. , Lefer David J. , Lazartigues Eric , Gardner Jason D. , Yue Xinping
Published: June 2022

Cigarette smoking remains the leading modifiable risk factor for cardiopulmonary diseases; however, the effects of nicotine alone on cardiopulmonary function remain largely unknown. Previously, we have shown that chronic nicotine vapor inhalation in mice leads to the development of pulmonary hypertension (PH) with right ventricular (RV) remodeling. The present study aims to further examine the cardiopulmonary effects of nicotine and the role of the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7-nAChR), which is widely expressed in the cardiovascular system. Wild-type (WT) and α7-nAChR knockout (α7-nAChR−/−) mice were exposed to room air (control) or nicotine vapor daily for 12 weeks. Consistent with our previous study, echocardiography and RV catheterization reveal that male WT mice developed increased RV systolic pressure with RV hypertrophy and dilatation following 12-week nicotine vapor exposure; in contrast, these changes were not observed in male α7-nAChR−/− mice. In addition, chronic nicotine inhalation failed to induce PH and RV remodeling in female mice regardless of genotype. The effects of nicotine on the vasculature were further examined in male mice. Our results show that chronic nicotine inhalation led to impaired acetylcholine-mediated vasodilatory response in both thoracic aortas and pulmonary arteries, and these effects were accompanied by altered endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation (enhanced inhibitory phosphorylation at threonine 495) and reduced plasma nitrite levels in WT but not α7-nAChR−/− mice. Finally, RNA sequencing revealed up-regulation of multiple inflammatory pathways in thoracic aortas from WT but not α7-nAChR−/− mice. We conclude that the α7-nAChR mediates chronic nicotine inhalation-induced PH, RV remodeling and vascular dysfunction.
PruneFaceDet: Pruning lightweight face detection network by sparsity training
Authors: Jiang Nanfei , Xiong Zhexiao , Tian Hui , Zhao Xu , Du Xiaojie , Zhao Chaoyang , Wang Jinqiao
Published: June 2022

Face detection is the basic step of many face analysis tasks. In practice, face detectors usually run on mobile devices with limited memory and computing resources. Therefore, it is important to keep face detectors lightweight. To this end, current methods usually focus on directly designing lightweight detectors. Nevertheless, it is not fully explored whether the resource consumption of these lightweight detectors can be further suppressed without too much sacrifice on accuracy. In this study, we propose to apply the network pruning method to the lightweight face detection network, to further reduce its parameters and floating point operations. To identify the channels of less importance, we perform network training with sparsity regularisation on channel scaling factors of each layer. Then, we remove the connections and corresponding weights with near‐zero scaling factors after sparsity training. We apply the proposed pruning pipeline to a state‐of‐the‐art face detection method, EagleEye, and get a shrunken EagleEye model, which has a reduced number of computing operations and parameters. The shrunken model achieves comparable accuracy as the unpruned model. By using the proposed method, the shrunken EagleEye achieves a 56.3% reduction of parameter size with almost no accuracy loss on the WiderFace dataset.
Ultra‐short‐term PV power prediction model based on HP‐OVMD and enhanced emotional neural network
Authors: Wang* Yufei , Yang Qixing , Xue Hua , Mi Yang , Tu Yijun
Published: June 2022

Accurate photovoltaic (PV) power prediction plays an increasingly crucial role to maintain the safety and reliability of power grid operation. However, the fluctuation and non‐stationarity of PV power make it a challenging task to optimize the accurate results. This paper presents a novel prediction model which is the combination of Hodrick–Prescott (HP) filter, optimized variational mode decomposition (OVMD), and enhanced emotional neural network (EENN). It overcomes the adverse effects of random changes under highly volatile weather conditions. First, the trend component and fluctuation component of PV power are screened through HP filter as the pre‐step to alleviate the non‐linearity impact of PV power data. Then, OVMD is used to decompose the residual PV power time series into a series of relatively stationary intrinsic modes. Finally, the EENN model optimized by the grey wolf optimization (GWO) is established to predict each subseries, and the prediction results of each subseries are reconstructed to obtain the final predicted results. The numerical results based on actual PV power data show that the prediction accuracy of the proposed model is significantly improved compared with the contrast models, and the proposed model achieves the best accuracy against the OVMD‐GWO‐EENN, VMD‐GWO‐EENN, and GWO‐EENN models.
Statistical evaluation of wind speed forecast models for microgrid distributed control
Authors: Cruz‐Victorio Marcos Eduardo , Kazemtabrizi Behzad , Shahbazi Mahmoud
Published: June 2022

With the increasing needs to decarbonise existing energy systems, there is an effort to integrate small‐scale distributed generation sources, such as wind generators, with the electric demand in circuits known as microgrids. The operation of distributed variable renewable resources is subject to an optimum operating regime, ahead of real‐time, which relies on output forecast. However, many wind speed forecast models are designed for centralised controllers, which are vulnerable to control failures. A suitable wind forecast model for a distributed control system is, therefore, required for optimal and reliable use of renewable generation. This paper presents a comparison of wind speed forecast models suited for distributed control, evaluating them in terms of the statistical significant difference in accuracy and computational resource requirements. This is essential since computational resources are limited in distributed control schemes. The data used in this paper is the historical wind speed of the Auchencorth Moss Atmospheric Observatory from 2016 to the end of 2019. Two forecast model types based on Auto‐regression and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) are compared using the Diebold‐Mariano test. Results show that ANN models with parallel hidden layers have the highest accuracy with statistical significant difference, while remaining suitable for microgrid distributed control.
Toward on-sky adaptive optics control using reinforcement learning
Authors: Nousiainen J. , Rajani C. , Kasper M. , Helin T. , Haffert S. Y. , Vérinaud C. , Males J. R. , Van Gorkom K. , Close L. M. , Long J. D. , Hedglen A. D. , Guyon O. , Schatz L. , Kautz M. , Lumbres J. , Rodack A. , Knight J. M. , Miller K.
Published: June 2022

Context.The direct imaging of potentially habitable exoplanets is one prime science case for the next generation of high contrast imaging instruments on ground-based, extremely large telescopes. To reach this demanding science goal, the instruments are equipped with eXtreme Adaptive Optics (XAO) systems which will control thousands of actuators at a framerate of kilohertz to several kilohertz. Most of the habitable exoplanets are located at small angular separations from their host stars, where the current control laws of XAO systems leave strong residuals.

Aims.Current AO control strategies such as static matrix-based wavefront reconstruction and integrator control suffer from a temporal delay error and are sensitive to mis-registration, that is, to dynamic variations of the control system geometry. We aim to produce control methods that cope with these limitations, provide a significantly improved AO correction, and, therefore, reduce the residual flux in the coronagraphic point spread function (PSF).

Methods.We extend previous work in reinforcement learning for AO. The improved method, called the Policy Optimization for Adaptive Optics (PO4AO), learns a dynamics model and optimizes a control neural network, called a policy. We introduce the method and study it through numerical simulations of XAO with Pyramid wavefront sensor (PWFS) for the 8-m and 40-m telescope aperture cases. We further implemented PO4AO and carried out experiments in a laboratory environment using Magellan Adaptive Optics eXtreme system (MagAO-X) at the Steward laboratory.

Results.PO4AO provides the desired performance by improving the coronagraphic contrast in numerical simulations by factors of 3–5 within the control region of deformable mirror and PWFS, both in simulation and in the laboratory. The presented method is also quick to train, that is, on timescales of typically 5–10 s, and the inference time is sufficiently small (<ms) to be used in real-time control for XAO with currently available hardware even for extremely large telescopes.
The BEHOMO project: Λ Lemaître-Tolman-Bondi N-body simulations
Authors: Marra V. , Castro T. , Camarena D. , Borgani S. , Ragagnin A.
Published: June 2022

Context. Our universe may feature large-scale inhomogeneities and anisotropies that cannot be explained by the standard model of cosmology, that is, the homogeneous and isotropic Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker metric, on which the Λ cold dark matter model is built, may not accurately describe observations. Currently, there is not a satisfactory understanding of the evolution of the large-scale structure on an inhomogeneous background.

Aims. We have launched the cosmology beyond homogeneity and isotropy (BEHOMO) project to study the inhomogeneous Λ Lemaître-Tolman-Bondi model with the methods of numerical cosmology. Understanding the evolution of the large-scale structure is a necessary step in constraining inhomogeneous models with present and future observables and placing the standard model on more solid ground.

Methods. We perform Newtonian N-body simulations, whose accuracy in describing the background evolution is checked against the general relativistic solution. The large-scale structure of the corresponding Λ cold dark matter simulation is also validated.

Results. We obtain the first set of simulations of the Λ Lemaître-Tolman-Bondi model ever produced. The data products consist of 11 snapshots between redshift 0 and 3.7 for each of the 68 simulations that have been performed, together with halo catalogs and lens planes relative to 21 snapshots, between redshift 0 and 4.2, for a total of approximately 180 TB of data.

Conclusions. We plan to study the growth of perturbations at the linear and nonlinear level, gravitational lensing, and cluster abundances and proprieties.
Neue ESC-Leitlinien zur Herzschrittmacher- und Resynchronisationstherapie – Patientenevaluation und Implantation
Authors: Vogler Julia , Castro Liesa , Tilz Roland Richard
Published: June 2022

Die Herzschrittmachertherapie ist ein wesentlicher Teil der klinischen Elektrophysiologie sowie der allgemeinen Kardiologie. Auch wenn sich im Bereich manch klarer Indikationen über die
Jahre wenig verändert hat, sind seit der Publikation der ESC-Leitlinien zur Schrittmachertherapie im Jahr 2013 neue Erkenntnisse z. B. im Bereich der Schrittmachertherapie bei Synkope, nach
TAVI, der kardialen Resynchronisationstherapie und dem Conduction-System-Pacing hinzugekommen. Eine wesentliche Bedeutung kommt daneben sowohl der präoperativen Evaluation eines Patienten
mit vermuteter oder dokumentierter Bradykardie als auch der eigentlichen Implantation und dem perioperativen Management zu. Im Fokus stehen dabei eine standardisierte Diagnostik zur
Abklärung der Indikation sowie die Vermeidung von Komplikationen während der Implantation.
Silver-Catalyzed, One-Pot, Three-Component Difunctionalization of Quinones: Synthesis of Indole-Functionalized p-Iminoquinone Derivatives
Authors: Dong Yu , Li Zhong-Hui , He Bing , Ye Ji-Xian , Luo Qi-Qi , Zheng Yi , Zhou Rui-Qi , Mei Ting , Chen Xiang-Long , Shi Zhi-Chuan
Published: June 2022

A one-pot, three-component difunctionalization of quinones with indoles and arylamines has been developed to synthesize indole functionalized p-iminoquinones derivatives. The approach employed AgOAc as the catalyst in the presence of 3-chlorophenylboronic acid, giving a series of indole functionalized p-iminoquinones derivatives in moderate to good yields. This catalytic approach represents a step-economic and convenient strategy for the difunctionalization of quinones. A plausible reaction pathway has been proposed based on a series of control experiments.
(3+2) Cycloadditions of Vinyl Sulfonyl Fluorides with Ethyl Diazoacetate or Azides: Metal-Free Synthesis of Pyrazole and Triazole Scaffolds via SO2 Elimination
Authors: Kumara Swamy K. C. , Sandeep K. , Sanjeeva Kumar A. , Qureshi Asif Ali
Published: June 2022

A (3+2) cycloaddition reaction between substituted vinyl sulfonyl fluorides and ethyl diazoacetate or azides for the rapid construction of pyrazole or triazole cores via Michael addition and SO2 gas elimination is developed. Trimethylsilyl azide or organic azide selectively attacks at the β-carbon of vinyl sulfonyl fluoride rather than at the S(VI) center and generates C-substituted or C,N-disubstituted triazole. In contrast, vinyl sulfonyl fluorides react with ethyl diazoacetate to generate pyrazoles in good to high yields.
Penile Ulcer as the Unusual Initial Presentation of Nasal NK/T Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Kanthaje Apoorva , Amirtham Usha , Babu M. C. Suresh , Maregowda Shivalingaiah , Adiga Pramod , Ramachandra C.
Published: June 2022

Extranodal natural killer (NK)/T cell lymphoma is a highly aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma that predominantly affects the upper aerodigestive tract. The nasal type accounts for ∼80% of cases of NK/T cell lymphomas. In advanced stages, the disease can disseminate to various sites such as skin, testis, eyes, gastrointestinal tract, and soft tissue. NK/T cell lymphoma presenting as lesion in penis is extremely rare. While reviewing the published literature, we found only three reported cases of NK/T cell lymphoma involving the penis. Among them, none was primary NK/T cell lymphoma of penis. We report a 60-year-old NK/T cell lymphoma patient who presented with destructive penile ulcer as the initial presenting symptom, who subsequently was found to have a nasal mass also with features of NK/T cell lymphoma. He underwent partial penectomy elsewhere and chemotherapy with steroid, methotrexate, ifosfamide, L-asparaginase, and etoposide protocol was given.
Generations and the changing character of support for European unification in the Netherlands: a research note
Authors: Rekker Roderik , van der Brug Wouter
Published: June 2022

This study examines whether younger generations are more likely to associate their support for European unification with cultural, rather than economic issues. The EU has changed from an ‘economic community’ to a ‘political union.’ Because most citizens form relatively stable orientations during their ‘impressionable years,’ we expect recent generations to be more likely to view European unification through a cultural lens. An analysis of 12 waves of panel data from the Netherlands finds the strongest correlation between EU support and cultural attitudes among the newest generations. However, these generations are not less likely to associate EU support with economic attitudes. Moreover, between 2007 and 2019, Euroscepticism became increasingly associated with cultural attitudes among all generations and age groups. These findings indicate that EU support has become more strongly aligned along a cultural dimension and that this realignment will become more pronounced as newer generations replace earlier ones.
A lattice Boltzmann model for self-diffusiophoretic particles near and at liquid–liquid interfaces
Authors: Palacios Lucas S. , Scagliarini Andrea , Pagonabarraga Ignacio
Published: June 2022

We introduce a novel mesoscopic computational model based on a multiphase-multicomponent lattice Boltzmann method for the simulation of self-phoretic particles in the presence of liquid–liquid interfaces. Our model features fully resolved solvent hydrodynamics, and, thanks to its versatility, it can handle important aspects of the multiphysics of the problem, including particle wettability and differential solubility of the product in the two liquid phases. The method is extensively validated in simple numerical experiments, whose outcome is theoretically predictable, and then applied to the study of the behavior of active particles next to and trapped at interfaces. We show that their motion can be variously steered by tuning relevant control parameters, such as the phoretic mobilities, the contact angle, and the product solubility.
Product molecule numbers and reaction rate fluctuations in elementary reactions
Authors: Park Seong Jun , Choi M. Y.
Published: June 2022

In many chemical reactions, reaction rate fluctuations are inevitable. Whenever chemical reactions occur, reaction rates vary due to their dependence on the number of reaction events or products. Accordingly, understanding the impact of rate fluctuations on the product number counting statistics is of the utmost importance when developing a quantitative explanation of chemical reactions. In this work, we examine the relationship between the reaction rate and product number fluctuations. Product number counting statistics uncover stochastic properties of the product number; the latter directly manipulates the reaction rate. Specifically, we find that the product number displays super-Poisson characteristics as the reaction rate increases with the product number. On the other hand, when the product number shows sub-Poisson behavior, a decrease in the reaction rate follows. Furthermore, our analysis, dealing with reaction rate fluctuations, allows for quantifying the deviations of an elementary reaction process from a renewal process.
Electromagnetic Weibel instability in spatial anisotropic electron–ion plasmas
Authors: Kumar Amit , Gupta Ruby , Sharma Jyotsna
Published: June 2022

The Weibel instability due to temperature anisotropy of electrons and ions in a plasma in the presence of cold and warm ions is reported. Numerical calculations of the normalized growth rate are carried out when the frequency of electromagnetic waves is greater than or less than the thermal velocity of electrons for typical existing plasma parameters. The normalized growth rate increases with an increasing normalized wave number, and after attaining maxima, it decreases due to thermal effects. Therefore, a parabolic plot is obtained for the growth rate. The threshold values of the growth rate depend on the anisotropy parameters. On increasing the value of the temperature anisotropy ratio of either plasma component, the observed growth rate increases. There is a considerable and contrasting effect of the presence of cold and warm ions on the growth rate of the Weibel instability in the plasma. The addition of cold ions stabilizes the instability and reduces the maximum growth rate values, while the addition of warm ions to the plasma increases the instability with a considerable decrease in the domain of instability. Our theoretical investigations of the effect of temperature anisotropy on the growth rate of the Weibel instability are in good agreement with the existing experimental results.
Formation mechanism of horizontal-half-loop arrays and stacking fault expansion behavior in thick SiC epitaxial layers
Authors: Mahadik Nadeemullah A. , Stahlbush Robert E. , Sung Woongje
Published: June 2022

The formation mechanism of half-loop arrays (HLAs) that form parallel (horizontal) to the step-flow direction in 120 μm thick 4H-silicon carbide (SiC) epitaxial layers was investigated using ultraviolet photoluminescence (UVPL) imaging and x-ray topography (XRT). The horizontal-HLAs are generated by the multiplication and glide of basal plane dislocation (BPD) loops that are created within the epitaxial layer. The BPD loops were initiated after ∼40–50 μm of growth from a small BPD segment, which glides toward the surface as well as the substrate interface. BPD multiplication occurs and several loops are generated. Some of these loops are terminated by the growth front and create HLAs due to the 4° offcut of the wafer. XRT images show that successive BPD loops interact with previously generated HLA segments. Successive loops also interact with the moving growth front and create new HLAs that are spatially displaced from the previous HLA segments. These appear as a string of horizontal-HLAs in the UVPL images. The expansion of stacking faults (SFs) from these horizontal-HLAs was investigated, and we show that they all lie on the same basal plane. The complex defect structure is created in the epitaxial layer from a single BPD loop but extends over a large (∼5 × 0.5 cm2) region of the SiC wafer during epitaxial growth. The high density of HLAs and BPDs would generate several SFs upon device operation leading to severe device degradation.
Comparative heat transfer analysis of
γ
-Al2O3−C2H6O2 and
γ
-Al2O3−H2O electroconductive nanofluids in a saturated porous square cavity with Joule dissipation and heat source/sink effects
Authors: Thirumalaisamy K. , Ramachandran Sivaraj , Ramachandra Prasad V. , Anwar Bég O. , Leung Ho-Hon , Kamalov Firuz , Vajravelu K.
Published: June 2022

Inspired by the applications in electromagnetic nanomaterials processing in enclosures and hybrid fuel cell technologies, a mathematical model is presented to analyze the mixed convective flow of electrically conducting nanofluids (γ-Al2O3−H2O and γ-Al2O3−C2H6O2) inside a square enclosure saturated with porous medium under an inclined magnetic field. The Tiwari–Das model, along with the viscosity, thermal conductivity, and effective Prandtl number correlations, is considered in this study. The impacts of Joule heating, viscous dissipation, and internal heat absorption/generation are taken into consideration. Strongly nonlinear conservation equations, which govern the heat transfer and momentum inside the cavity with associated initial and boundary conditions, are rendered dimensionless with appropriate transformations. The marker-and-cell technique is deployed to solve the non-dimensional initial-boundary value problem. Validations with a previous study are included. A detailed parametric study is carried out to evaluate the influences of the emerging parameters on the transport phenomena. When 5% γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles are suspended into H2O base-fluid, the average heat transfer rate of γ-Al2O3−H2O nanoliquid is increased by 25.63% compared with the case where nanoparticles are absent. When 5% γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles are suspended into C2H6O2 base-fluid, the average heat transfer rate of γ-Al2O3−C2H6O2 nanofluid is increased by 43.20% compared with the case where nanoparticles are absent. Furthermore, when the heat source is present, the average heat transfer rate of γ-Al2O3−C2H6O2 nanofluid is 194.92% higher than that in the case of γ-Al2O3−H2O nanofluid.
Large out-of-plane piezoelectric response in ferromagnetic monolayer NiClI
Authors: Guo San-Dong , Zhu Yu-Tong , Qin Ke , Ang Yee-Sin
Published: June 2022

The combination of piezoelectricity and ferromagnetic (FM) order in a two-dimensional (2D) material, namely, 2D piezoelectric ferromagnetism (PFM), may open up unprecedented opportunities for device applications. Here, we predict an in-plane FM semiconductor Janus monolayer NiClI with a considerably large magnetic anisotropy energy of 1.439 meV, exhibiting dynamical, mechanical, and thermal stabilities. The NiClI monolayer possesses larger in-plane piezoelectricity (d11 = 5.21 pm/V) comparable to that of MoS2. Furthermore, NiClI has large out-of-plane piezoelectricity (d31 = 1.89 pm/V), which is highly desirable for ultrathin piezoelectric device application. It is proved that large out-of-plane piezoelectricity is robust against electronic correlation, which confirms reliability of large d31. Finally, being analogous to NiClI, PFM with large out-of-plane piezoelectricity can also be achieved in the Janus monolayers of NiClBr and NiBrI, with the predicted d31 of 0.73 and 1.15 pm/V, respectively.
Temperature control of electromagnetic topological edge states
Authors: Kurganov Georgiy , Dobrykh Dmitry , Puhtina Ekaterina , Yusupov Ildar , Slobozhanyuk Alexey , Kivshar Yuri S. , Zhirihin Dmitry
Published: June 2022

Topological photonics provides exceptional opportunities to control electromagnetic waves with a great potential for applications. Most of the proposed photonic systems support topological edge states with fixed parameters, thus hindering their practical applications. The study of nonlinear and tunable effects in topological systems enlarges applications of topological phenomena. Here, we propose an approach for the manipulation of photonic topological edge states based on temperature tuning. We design and demonstrate experimentally topological zigzag arrays composed of high-index resonators. The resonators are fabricated from ferroelectrics that brings an opportunity to dynamically change their permittivity by heating. We study the emergence of topological edge states in zigzag arrays of ferroelectric particles supporting the Mie resonances and demonstrate the topological transition induced by heating individual resonators in the array.
Opportunities to build resilience of beef cattle properties in the mulga lands of south-western Queensland, Australia
Authors: Bowen M. K. , Chudleigh F. , Sallur N. M. , Sommerfield J.
Published: June 2022

Beef producers in the mulga lands of south-western Queensland and north-western New South Wales, Australia, face the challenges of inherently low productivity and profitability, exacerbated by widespread pasture degradation and high climate and market variability. Our objective was to use the farm-management economics framework to assess the ability of management strategies and investment options to improve profitability and build the overall resilience of beef cattle properties in the mulga lands. Options were assessed for a hypothetical, representative beef cattle property in south-western Queensland (20 000 ha; initial stocking rate 600 adult equivalents). Firstly, strategies were assessed for their ability to improve profitability when operated as a beef business. Secondly, two alternative investment options were assessed: (1) conversion to rangeland meat goat production; and (2) conversion to carbon farming through carbon sequestration. Herd and economic modelling software were used to conduct property-level, partial discounted cash-flow budgets to assess each strategy over a 30-year investment period. Results indicated very limited potential to improve the profitability and resilience of an existing beef cattle enterprise in the mulga lands. However, full or partial conversion to rangeland meat goat production or carbon farming improved property-level returns and viability.
There’s gold in them thar hills! Morphology and molecules delimit species in
Authors: Collins Timothy L. , Schmidt-Lebuhn Alexander N. , Andrew Rose L. , Telford Ian R. H. , Bruhl Jeremy J.
Published: June 2022

Golden everlasting paper daisies in the genus Xerochrysum Tzvelev are iconic Australian native plants grown worldwide. The X. bracteatum species complex has been regarded as taxonomically confusing and in need of revision for over 60 years. We applied morphological and molecular analyses to delimit species, detect common ancestry among populations, and identify putative hybrids in the genus Xerochrysum (Asteraceae: Gnaphalieae). Multiple lines of evidence provided strong support for the recognition of new taxa. Here we describe the following 11 new species: X. andrewiae T.L.Collins & J.J.Bruhl, X. berarngutta T.L.Collins & I.Telford, X. copelandii J.J.Bruhl & I.Telford, X. frutescens J.J.Bruhl & I.Telford, X. gudang T.L.Collins & J.J.Bruhl, X. hispidum T.L.Collins & I.Telford, X. macsweeneyorum T.L.Collins, X. murapan T.L.Collins & I.Telford, X. neoanglicum J.J.Bruhl & I.Telford, X. strictum T.L.Collins, and X. wilsonii T.L.Collins, reinstate Helichrysum banksii A.Cunn. ex DC. (as X. banksii (A.Cunn. ex DC.) T.L.Collins & I.Telford), lectotypify X. banksii and X. papillosum (Labill.) R.J.Bayer, and recircumscribe X. bicolor (Lindl.) R.J.Bayer to include X. halmaturorum Paul G.Wilson and some populations of X. bracteatum sens. lat. from mainland South Australia and Victoria. We also provide revised descriptions of all taxa in the genus, their conservation status, a dichotomous key, tables distinguishing closely related taxa and distribution maps.
Antimicrobial second skin using copper nanomesh
Authors: Kim Jae Joon , Ha Siyoung , Kim Lina , Kato Yutaro , Wang Yan , Okutani Chihiro , Wang Haoyang , Wang Chunya , Fukuda Kenjiro , Lee Sunghoon , Yokota Tomoyuki , Kwon Oh Seok , Someya Takao
Published: June 2022

The functional support and advancement of our body while preserving inherent naturalness is one of the ultimate goals of bioengineering. Skin protection against infectious pathogens is an application that requires common and long-term wear without discomfort or distortion of the skin functions. However, no antimicrobial method has been introduced to prevent cross-infection while preserving intrinsic skin conditions. Here, we propose an antimicrobial skin protection platform copper nanomesh, which prevents cross-infectionmorphology, temperature change rate, and skin humidity. Copper nanomesh exhibited an inactivation rate of 99.99% for
Escherichia coli
bacteria and influenza virus A within 1 and 10 min, respectively. The thin and porous nanomesh allows for conformal coating on the fingertips, without significant interference with the rate of skin temperature change and humidity. Efficient cross-infection prevention and thermal transfer of copper nanomesh were demonstrated using direct on-hand experiments.
A (semi)-exact Hamiltonian for the curvature perturbation ζ
Authors: Kaya Ali
Published: June 2022

The total Hamiltonian in general relativity, which involves the first class Hamiltonian and momentum constraints, weakly vanishes. However, when the action is expanded around a classical solution as in the case of a single scalar field inflationary model, there appears a non-vanishing Hamiltonian and additional first class constraints; but this time the theory becomes perturbative in the number of fluctuation fields. We show that one can reorganize this expansion and solve the Hamiltonian constraint exactly, which yield an explicit all order action. On the other hand, the momentum constraint can be solved perturbatively in the tensor modes γ

ij
by still keeping the curvature perturbation ζ dependence exact. In this way, after gauge fixing, one can obtain a semi-exact Hamiltonian for ζ which only gets corrections from the interactions with the tensor modes (hence the Hamiltonian becomes exact when the tensor perturbations set to zero). The equations of motion clearly exhibit when the evolution of ζ involves a logarithmic time dependence, which is a subtle point that has been debated in the literature. We discuss the long wavelength and late time limits, and obtain some simple but non-trivial classical solutions of the ζ zero-mode.
Weyl transverse diffeomorphism invariant theory of symmetric teleparallel gravity
Authors: Nakayama Yu
Published: June 2022

We construct a Weyl transverse diffeomorphism invariant theory of symmetric teleparallel gravity by employing the Weyl compensator formalism. The low-energy dynamics has a single spin two gravitation without a scalar degree of freedom. By construction, it is equivalent to the unimodular gravity (as well as the Einstein gravity) at the non-linear level.
Complete classification of Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker solutions with linear equation of state: parallelly propagated curvature singularities for general geodesics
Authors: Harada Tomohiro , Igata Takahisa , Sato Takuma , Carr Bernard
Published: June 2022

We completely classify the Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker solutions with spatial curvature K = 0, ±1 for perfect fluids with linear equation of state p = wρ, where ρ and p are the energy density and pressure, without assuming any energy conditions. We extend our previous work to include all geodesics and parallelly propagated (p.p.) curvature singularities, showing that no non-null geodesic emanates from or terminates at the null portion of conformal infinity and that the initial singularity for K = 0, −1 and −5/3 < w < −1 is a null non-scalar polynomial curvature singularity. We thus obtain the Penrose diagrams for all possible cases and identify w = −5/3 as a critical value for both the future big-rip singularity and the past null conformal boundary.
Noisy coherent population trapping: applications to noise estimation and qubit state preparation
Authors: Danageozian Arshag , Miller Ashe , Barge Pratik J , Bhusal Narayan , Dowling Jonathan P
Published: June 2022

Coherent population trapping is a well-known quantum phenomenon in a driven Λ system, with many applications across quantum optics. However, when a stochastic bath is present in addition to vacuum noise, the observed trapping is no longer perfect. Here we derive a time-convolutionless master equation describing the equilibration of the Λ system in the presence of additional temporally correlated classical noise, with an unknown decay parameter. Our simulations show a one-to-one correspondence between the decay parameter and the depth of the characteristic dip in the photoluminescence spectrum, thereby enabling the unknown parameter to be estimated from the observed spectra. We apply our analysis to the problem of qubit state initialization in a Λ system via dark states and show how the stochastic bath affects the fidelity of such initialization as a function of the desired dark-state amplitudes. We show that an optimum choice of Rabi frequencies is possible.
Quadrupolar interaction induced frequency shift of

131Xe

nuclear spins on the surface of silicon
Authors: Chen Yao , Yu Mingzhi , Ma Yintao , Wang Yanbin , Guo Ju , Lin Qijing , Zhang Ning , Jiang Zhuangde , Zhao Libo
Published: June 2022

The combination of micro-machined technology with atomic spin gyroscope (ASG) devices can be used to fabricate a chip-scale atomic spin gyroscope (CASG). The core of the gyroscope is a micromachined vapour cell, which contains alkali metal and isotope-enriched noble gases, such as

129

Xe

and

131

Xe

. The quadrupolar frequency shift of

131

Xe

is a key parameter that can affect the drift of the ASG and is related to the material of the cell in which they are contained. In micromachining technology, the utilised material is silicon. In this study, we investigated the electric quadrupolar frequency shift of

131

Xe

atoms with the silicon wall of a micro-machined vapour cell. A cylindrical micromachined vapour cell was utilised in the experiment, and a large part of the inner cell surface comprised silicon material. We studied the temperature dependence of the

129

Xe

spin relaxation and

131

Xe

frequency shifts to evaluate the interaction of the nuclear spin with the container wall and alkali metal atoms. The results show that the average twisted angle of the

131

Xe

nuclear spins as they collided with the silicon wall was measured as

29
×

10

−
6

rad. The desorption energy required for the

131

Xe

nuclear spin to escape from the silicon surface was

E

s
i

=
0.009
 

eV

. This study could help improve the bias stability of the CASG, which is a key parameter for the gyroscope, and may help to develop a method to study the surface properties of various materials.