bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Self-Rated Health, Demographic Factors and Depressive Symptoms Among Malaysian Adults
Authors: Mohd Shah Nur Syahirah , Nik Hashim Nik Nur Wahidah , Ahmad Basri Nadzirah , Toha Siti Fauziah
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Depression risk has been significantly associated with sociodemographic aspects such as education levels and self-rated health.  The aim was to investigate the relationship of socio-demographic characteristics particularly level of education, and self-rated health on depressive symptoms among Malaysian adults. 
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study among Malaysians who aged 16 to 52 years old. Respondents were recruited via social media, using convenience sampling. Sociodemographic questions include education levels and self-rated health among other questions. Depressive symptoms were measured using Beck Depression Inventory-II, Malay version. The data were analysed using Chi- Square Test. Two-Way of ANOVA was utilized to determine the association of education levels and self-rated health on depressive symptoms.
Results: Chi-Square indicated that age, level of education, job categories and self-rated health had a significant relationship at p<0.05 with key variables used in this study, presence, and absence of depressive symptoms except for gender, race and marital status. Two-way of ANOVA results revealed a significant interaction between self-rated health, level of education and depressive symptoms (F = 2.711,df=5,p<0.05).
Conclusion: Malaysian individuals with low education levels showed depressive symptoms and showed a significant association with low self-rated health, however some of them rated themselves as healthy.  Therefore, the government needs to make health literacy a priority for everyone, particularly for those with low levels of education and individuals who perceived themselves as mentally healthy.
GENDER AND ITS ROLES: WOMEN IN BUSINESS LIFE OF TURKEY
Authors: SARIBAŞ Serap
Published: February 2022

When the business life of women is examined in the historical process, it changes depending on factors such as production and industrialization, especially the social and cultural areas of the society in which she lives. Discriminatory approach policies can be traced back to prehistoric times. People are thought to have adopted cave life and instinctively divided labor during the Paleolithic period. This division of labor defined as Hunter-Gatherer is interpreted as men living a hunter-gatherer lifestyle and women living a gatherer lifestyle. It can be interpreted that biological power differences lie on the basis of the discrimination policy. This discrimination policy, based on biological differences, took on new dimensions with the transition to settled life, agriculture, and, finally, the industrial revolution, and women came to be viewed as an element of exploitation within the system over time. The aim of this study is to evaluate the place of women in the business life in Turkey in the light of scientific data, based on the concept of gender and its formation. Keywords: Gender Prejudices and Discrimination, Women and Business Life, Women in Turkish Diplomacy
How Should Taxpayers Respond the Tax Authority Supervision?
Authors: Saptono Prianto Budi , Khozen Ismail
Published: February 2022

The Directorate General of Taxes (DGT) has adopted a compliance risk management approach to monitor taxpayers optimally. In the initial supervision process, DGT often sends a Letter of Request for Explanation of Data and Information (SP2DK) to taxpayers to ensure that their tax obligations are fulfilled. This study aims to analyze how taxpayers respond to the supervision under SP2DK to minimize disputes with tax authorities. The analysis was carried out qualitatively. This study concludes that taxpayers need to be further involved with Account Representative interactions to determine their wishes to adapt to the prevailing tax control system. Understanding how AR works can help taxpayers be better prepared for the ongoing supervisory process. However, taxpayers also need a deeper understanding of tax knowledge, especially about supervision, to adjust to the data and explanation requested by AR.

 

Direktorat Jenderal Pajak (DJP) menerapkan pendekatan manajemen risiko kepatuhan untuk memantau Wajib Pajak (WP) secara optimal. Dalam proses pengawasan awal, DJP kerap mengirimkan Surat Permintaan Penjelasan Data dan/atau Informasi (SP2DK) kepada WP untuk memastikan terpenuhinya kewajiban perpajakannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana WP menanggapi pengawasan di bawah SP2DK untuk meminimalkan sengketa dengan otoritas pajak. Analisis dilakukan secara kualitatif. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa WP perlu terlibat lebih jauh dalam berinteraksi dengan Account Representative (AR) untuk mengetahui keinginannya beradaptasi dengan sistem pengendalian pajak yang berlaku. Memahami bagaimana AR bekerja dapat membantu WP lebih siap untuk proses pengawasan yang sedang berlangsung. Namun wajib pajak juga membutuhkan pemahaman yang lebih dalam tentang perpajakan, khususnya tentang pengawasan, untuk menyesuaikan dengan data dan penjelasan yang diminta oleh AR.
Mapping an Internal-Eksternal Matrix Sentra Getuk Pisang Based On McKinsey’s 7S Framework and PEST
Authors: Winahyu Yosi Try , Marlena Novi
Published: February 2022

Getuk pisang is one of traditional snack in Kediri. Sentra Getuk Pisang Dusun Jatisari, which is the main supplier of  getuk pisang in Kediri, had decline sales caused by pandemic. The purpose of this study is 1) Analyze the internal and external conditions of Sentra Getuk Pisang Dusun Jatisari, 2) Analyze the position of Sentra Getuk Pisang Dusun Jatisari using the Internal-External (IE) matrix and 3) Provide recommendations strategies that can be applied to the Sentra Getuk Pisang Dusun Jatisari. This study used non-probability sampling with interactive analytical techniques from Miles and Huberman consist with data collection, data reduction, data display and conclusion: drawing/verifying. The results showed that the IFE matrix was 2.43, EFE 2.8 and the IE matrix was in quadrant V or hold and maintain. Recommended strategy that can be used at  Sentra Getuk Pisang Dusun Jatisari is market penetration by utilizing online media and product development.
Factors that Increase Work Productivity of Civil Servant at the Dinas Perdagangan Kota Makassar
Authors: Nasir Munawir , Syahnur Muh Haerdiansyah
Published: February 2022

The effect of providing income improvement allowances, work discipline, and responsibility on increasing the work productivity of civil servants at the Dinas Perdagangan Kota Makassar is discussed in this study. This research approach uses quantitative data analysis. This study relied on primary data gathered through questionnaires. This study's sample consists of 61 people from the civil servants at the Dinas Perdagangan Kota Makassar. A questionnaire is used to collect data. Data analysis using the Structural Equation Model (SEM) or Partial Least Squares (PLS). The PLS evaluation model is carried out by evaluating both the outer and inner models. According to the findings of this study, the variable of income improvement allowance has a positive and significant effect on increasing work productivity, the variable of work discipline has no positive and significant effect on increasing work productivity, and responsibility has a positive and significant effect on increasing work productivity.
Erken Evlilik Yapan Kadınların Evli Kadın Rolünü Deneyimleme Sürecine İlişkin Nitel Bir Araştırma
Authors: ASLAN CEVHEROĞLU Büşra , KIŞLAK Şennur
Published: February 2022

Çocuk evliliği ya da erken evlilik, gelişmemiş ya da gelişmekte olan ülkelerde yaygın olarak karşılaşılan  nemli bir kadın ve çocuk sağlığı sorunudur. Erken evlilikler genellikle resmi nikah olmaksızın, dini nikahla gerçekleştiği için kesin sayılara ulaşmak oldukça zordur. İstatistiklere bakıldığında ise, Türkiye’de yaklaşık olarak her dört kadından birinin on sekiz yaşından önce evlendirildiği görülmektedir. Çocukların erken yaşta evlendirilmeleri çocuk istismarının en yaygın görülen biçimlerinden biridir; fizyolojik ve psikolojik hastalıkların yanı sıra, aile içi şiddet konusunda da risk faktörüdür. Psikoloji alan yazınında erken evlilik olgusu ile ilgili son yıllarda çalışmalar yapılmaya başlanmış olsa da, bu çalışmalarda çoğunlukla nicel yöntemler kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Mevcut çalışmada ise erken evlilik deneyiminin anlaşılmasına odaklanılmıştır. Bu amaçla, çalışma kapsamında on sekiz yaşından önce evlendirilmiş, yaşları 30 ile 41 arasında değişen altı evli kadın ile yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Görüşmelerin analizi Yorumlayıcı Fenomenolojik Analiz (YFA) yöntemi ile yapılmıştır. YFA katılımcıların yaşadıkları deneyimlere yükledikleri anlama önem verdiği ve deneyimin yaşandığı ve ifade edildiği kültürel bağlamı da göz  önüne aldığı için tercih edilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda “Eşle yaşanan olumsuz deneyimler”, “Eşin ailesi ile yaşanan deneyimler”, “Yeni rolle ilişkili zorluklar ve yetersizlikler” ve “Evlilik bilgisi” olmak üzere dört tema ve bu temalara bağlı alt temalar elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen temalar ilgili literatür eşliğinde tartışılmıştır.
Educación sexual integral en la escuela
Authors: Cabrera Fajardo Deyci Patricia
Published: February 2022

La educación sexual como parte de la educación formal y su importancia en la formación integral de niños y adolescentes, es el objeto de estudio en este artículo de revisión bibliográfica. Para su desarrollo se realizó la búsqueda, organización y análisis de estudios y artículos relacionados con el tema, cuya publicación estuviera comprendida entre los años 2006 y 2021 desde bases de datos o repositorios tales como: Dialnet, PubMed, Library, Scielo, Elsevier, Google Académico, Scopus, y los sitios web de la Organización de Naciones Unidas, la Organización Mundial de la Salud y la UNICEF. Fueron analizados más de 90 artículos, de los cuales 75 cumplieron con los criterios de selección. Con base en esta revisión, se estableció que la educación en sexualidad debe tener como objetivo, formar individuos capaces de tomar decisiones libres de estereotipos, con el criterio para reconocer sus cambios naturales y asumir su identidad; esta meta se logra si los niños y adolescentes conocen su cuerpo, se valoran, conocen su anatomía y toman decisiones responsables basadas en el respeto y la autoestima, por lo cual se debe fortalecer, desde la escuela, los conocimientos en la función biológica y otras estrategias que permitan el manejo de aspectos psicológicos y sociales que están relacionados con la sexualidad. Esta revisión abrirá el espacio para la generación de proyectos educativos inclusivos que garanticen el desarrollo integral de los educandos.
Prácticas evaluativas del profesorado en los niveles de básica secundaria de las sedes de la Institución Educativa Ciro Pupo Martínez, La Paz-Cesar, Colombia
Authors: Cabana Granados Sugeire Licet , Camargo Hernández Héctor Heiler , Colina Chacín María de las Mercedes
Published: February 2022

El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la práctica evaluativa del profesorado en los niveles de básica secundaria en las sedes de la Institución Educativa Ciro Pupo Martínez del municipio La Paz, del departamento del Cesar, Colombia. Metodológicamente, se ubicó en el paradigma cualitativo, bajo el enfoque sociocrítico, en la investigación acción que se desarrolló en descripción de la situación problema, construcción de las bases teóricas, diseño metodológico, trabajo de campo, análisis e interpretación de los instrumentos, implementación de la propuesta, análisis final, recomendaciones y conclusiones. La unidad de trabajo fueron ocho docentes. Para la recolección de la información se utilizó un cuestionario semiestructurado, el diario de campo y la lista de cotejo. Se concluyó que, el profesorado es consciente de su papel, llamado a transformar los escenarios educativos mediante la adopción de herramientas innovadoras, apoyadas en los círculos de acción docente, con una metodología que mejore su práctica pedagógica y los integre como equipo.
Visages de l'utopie dans la par abole roumaine contemporaine: Le Cimetière des héros (2017) par Adrian Lesenciuc
Authors: Iorga Alina
Published: February 2022

The emergence of globalization, the economic and political crisis of the postcommunist transition, the cultural and identity challenges of the integration in the European Union have modeled – within the Romanian social and cultural imaginary – a dynamics that is relevant
for the incorporation of »social dreaming« or »utopianism« (L T Sargent) Connected to the »deep contradiction between universalism and particularism« (Ph Wegner) that is conceived of as a constant characteristic of modernity and that is illustrated by the
Romanian opposition between »localism« and »Occidentalism«, and also related to the »memo- rial conflicts« (J Candau) regarding the recent past, this dynamics has been integrated in the narratives of contemporary Romanian novels Without adopting all the
conventions of narrative utopia (its negative varieties included), the Romanian novels of the 2000s reveal the mutations of »social dreaming« either in realistic, or in allegorical or parabolic forms tributary to the utopian / dystopian imaginary It is also the case of the novel
The Cemetery of Heroes (2017) by Adrian Lesenciuc, in which both the utopian satire and the dystopia are contrasted against a cultural-pedagogic utopia within a parable of multiple semantic levels The subjects, the narrative strategies and the elements of vision that are characteristic
for (anti-)utopianism are here instrumented in a complex narrative architecture which includes a political novel, a parable of civilizations and a parable of the human condition
Effectiveness of working memory on visual-spatial working memory performance of pre-school children with learning problem at risk
Authors:   M.A, Department of Psychology and Education of Exceptional Children, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran., Bayat Shahbazi Farzaneh , Arjmandnia Ali Akbar ,   Associate Professor, Department of Psychology and Education of Exceptional Children, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran., Nemati Reyhaneh ,   M.A, Department of Psychology and Education of Exceptional Children, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Specific learning difficulties are the existence of disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes which play a role in the process of understanding and using spoken or written language. Aim: The current study aimed to investigate the effect of working memory intervention on visual-spatial working memory performance among the preschool children at risk of learning disabilities. Method: This study was a quasi-experimental study including pretest and posttest design with a control group. The statistical population comprised all children who were studying in preschool centers and kindergartens (2016-2017) in Tehran (District 14). A sample of 20 preschool students who were selected through purposive sampling participated in this study. They were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups (10 participants in each group). The experimental group participated in working memory program to 60-minute 12 sessions during the three months. In order to measure the performance of working memory, the working memory subset of IQ scale, Tehran-Stanford-Binet test and N-Back test were used. The data were analyzed by SPSS-22 and t-Test. Results: The mean and standard deviation of the subjects age are 6.2 and 0.45, respectively. The results showed that the working memory intervention caused the improvement on visual-spatial working memory performance of children (P<0.001). Conclusion: Considering the findings of the present study, it seems that visual-spatial working memory intervention can improve the working memory of preschool children and it can be used to enhance the visual-spatial working memory function of children and prevent the learning problems.
Age as a Determinant of Livelihood Strategies and Poverty in Maroua
Authors: Billa Robert Nanche
Published: February 2022

The main question we asked in this work was: what is the state of the livelihood of the people of Maroua considering their high poverty rate (74%) and an economic dependency ratio of 1.19? The main objective was to examine how age influences livelihood in Maroua in terms of income difference, subsistence resources, quality of life: feeding habits, health-seeking behavior, number of persons per house, possession of mobile and immobile goods. We used the stratified sampling method, in which we administered 720 questionnaires to men and women ensuring that the percentage of females equal that of males as much as possible for easy comparison. We obtained the following results: those who are between 36–46 and 47–57 significantly produce millet, Niébé, groundnuts, and other subsistence resources such as corn which significantly help them to survive. This is because those who are between 36–46 are significantly civil servants and farmers. Older persons only significantly produce millet and groundnut. This explains why those who are between 36–46 and 47–57 have a higher income than those who are older than them. Consequently, those who are between 36-46 years,47-57 years vary their meals more than four times per week because as compared to the other age groups they earn higher income per month and they produce or have nearly all the subsistence resources in Maroua. More so, the age group 47-48 stock more foods than the other age-groups.
From Dendrimers to Megamers: The State-of-the-Art
Authors:   Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Profsoyuznaya 70, Moscow, 117393 Russia, Ardabevskaia S. N. , Milenin S. A. ,   Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Profsoyuznaya 70, Moscow, 117393 Russia
Published: February 2022

Dendrimers comprise a unique type of macromolecules that are interesting from the viewpoint of both unusual architectures and the enormous application potential in high-tech fields such as nanotechnologies and nanomedicine. The only obstacle in the practical implementation of these molecules is their complicated synthesis and isolation. Therefore, the development of simple synthetic approaches to dendrimers and their derivatives is an urgent challenge that pertains to one of the most important fields of modern science, namely, the creation of nanomaterials. This review highlights the development of the methods for production and functionalization of dendrimers with a view to investigate their physico-chemical properties and outline the most promising trends such as megamers based on dendrimers. The synthesis and exploration of these molecular systems seem to be the most logical application field of dendrimers in terms of the development of our concepts about the regular polymer systems based on the principles of molecular construction.
A rare case of post radiation urinary bladder necrosis in a patient with carcinoma cervix
Authors: Omkaram Karthikesh , Reddy Nalabolu Mallikarjuna , Galeti Ershad Hussain , Reddy Vedamurthy , Reddy Bhanu Teja , Galeti Ayesha
Published: February 2022

In contrast to proctitis, vaginitis and acute radiation cystitis, late urological complications after pelvic irradiation are rarer, more serious and irreversible. The main disadvantage of radiotherapy is the fact that it affects both cancer and healthy cells located in the tumour area. As a consequence, different complications develop. A large proportion of cancers treated with radiotherapy are located in the lower abdomen and pelvis, which is why complications often involve the urinary tract. Due to the anatomy of these areas, urological complications occur not only after radiological treatment of urological cancers, but also after treatment of malignancies of the reproductive or digestive system. The most common radiation-induced complications include haemorrhagic cystitis, urethral and ureteral strictures, urinary fistulae, and secondary primary malignancies. Because of impaired tissue healing, the treatment of radiation urological complications is a challenge for urologists and often requires complicated reconstruction techniques. We hereby described an elderly woman who is a known case of carcinoma of cervix with post radical hysterectomy and post pelvic radiotherapy status presented with fever, pain abdomen, vomiting, obstipation, voiding difficulties with dysuria on admission, which was diagnosed as acute intestinal obstruction with post radiation bladder necrosis with acute kidney injury. This case is a rare example of high-grade late adverse events which occurred 8 yrs after radiation therapy in a known case of carcinoma of cervix.
Incorporating Multiple Intelligences Theory in the Learning and Teaching Operation: Teacher’s Guide
Authors: Abdelhak Hammoudi , Romaissa Chibani
Published: February 2022

One of the challenges of 21st Century classrooms is the broad diversity of experiences, identities and intelligence students bring to class. Research in psychology and neurosciences has indicated that we should never treat students as essentially alike. Each brain is unique with a predominant intelligence, which plays a crucial role in learning. Gardner (1983) believes there are nine bits of intelligence: logical, linguistic, spatial, musical, kinesthetic, naturalist, intrapersonal, interpersonal, and existential. They constitute students’ preferred channels of learning. Hence, the purpose behind this article is to help teachers plan their teaching operation according to this theory so that they can respond to class diversity and improve learners’ performance. The implementation procedure consists of (1) understanding the essence of multiple intelligences theory, (2) showing teachers how to identify learners’ multiple intelligences using the McKenzie MI Inventory, and (3) suggesting a variety of activities that cater for this intelligence, boost students’ engagement, and develop the whole learner.
Medical Term Translation Techniques Analysis on Five Feet Apart Novel
Authors: Valufi Enggin , Noverino Romel
Published: February 2022

The medical term is one of the most fascinating yet essential to analyze in translation study. This research aims to scrutinize medical terms translation in the Five Feet Apart novel. The researcher inquiries the types of medical terms found and the translation techniques applied to translate them from English to Indonesian. This research is qualitative research. Molina and Albir's (2002) translation techniques theory is used to analyze the data in the form of words and clauses. The data collecting technique is documentation. The researcher managed to collect 424 data, 57 data in the form of phrases and 367 data in the form of words. Based on the analysis, the results show that the most dominant technique used is the established equivalent technique that has 172 data or 40.56%. The order is followed by pure borrowing technique (17.68%), naturalized borrowing technique (14.86%), amplification (12.03%), calque techniques (8.48%), transposition (4.95%), generalization (0.24%) and reduction (0.24%). The most dominant medical term is human body parts terms (33.50%). The list was followed by the medical abbreviation (24.30%), medical tool (12.5%), procedures, treatments, and actions (12.02%), diseases, signs, symptoms, and injuries (8.96%), medication (4.95%) and healthcare occupation (1.65%).
Mediating Effect of Resilience on Spirituality and Psychological Well-being
Authors: Mamta  , Singh Sandeep
Published: February 2022

Teaching is regarded as the most respectable profession in any society. It is believed as the best job in the world. Any institute gives optimum results only when its human resources are utilized effectively. A teacher is the most important factor that not just works as a mentor and trainer for getting an education but inculcates morals and transforms conscience. The current education system is particularly aimed at increasing the student’s attainment, but teacher well-being is ignored or not considered essential to take care of. If a teacher has poor health and experience high levels of stress, he will not perform well at the workplace and do not make the best of their ability. The psychological well-being of a teacher can influence the ability of the teaching methods used by him in his teaching. Therefore, it is important to identify those factors that can enhance the well-being of teachers. This research is undertaken to find the effect of resilience in explaining the relationship of spiritual intelligence and psychological well being among teachers. To achieve this aim, a sample of 200 teachers (100 male teachers and 100 female teachers) within the age range of 25-40 years from different schools of Haryana was selected. The teachers’ well-being was assessed with the Scale developed by Ryff (1989), spiritual intelligence by David king (2008) Resilience Scale by Wagnild and Young (1987). Linear Regression analysis revealed that resilience predicts psychological well-being among teachers in a significant way. This shows that teachers who were resilient reported higher levels of psychological well-being.
PANCASILA SEBAGAI NORMA DAN HUKUM YANG MENDASAR DALAM PRESPEKTIF YURIDIS
Authors: Sari Yenika , Karina Putri Shinta , Trisiana Anita
Published: February 2022

A day after independence proclamation indonesia exactly date 18 august 1945 travel pancasila as a basis nationality the bottom of the state in a juridical manner started. In pencaturan ideology the world expanded in developing countries including indonesia, is uneasiness to formulate the future. This confirms that pancasila is fundamental and having a very important role in the formation of the republic of indonesia. The problems are not maybe can be completed in a unilateral manner, in accordance with article 1 paragraph ( 3 ) of  Undang-UndangDasar 1945 constitution that indonesia is a country law. Should all parties back to see or tracing pancasila as a basis the state and as the norm of legal basis indonesia.Put back pancasila proportionally and contextual with the spirit of the times and affirmed its position pancasila in the indonesian law is one reason very natural to revive diskursuspancasila. Through the literature study of scientific work such as books, journal, and other study and the regulations perundang-undangan related to the theme research is the way said the problems and it was one of approach juridical normative with data collection method. A norm legal basis indonesia is as perspective juridical pancasila who qualitatively all the data collected should then new analysis. Norms and normal legal basis and ways law as stipulated in the pembukaanundang-undangdasar 1945 is the source of orderly indonesia, this position requires the formation of positive law to reach idea in pancasila used as an examiner positive law that is the result that research shows of law indonesia in perspective juridical.
PENDIDIKAN POLITIK VERSUS PARTISIPASI POLITIK DIERA INDUSTRI 4.0
Authors: Dwi Saputri Dalintang Ketut , Saputri Rika Puspita , Trisiana Anita
Published: February 2022

Revolusi industri telah mengubah cara kerja manusia menjadi otomatis  melalui inovasi-inovasi. Para pelaku industri berperan secara aktif sebagai identitas organisasi yang memiliki visi dalam meraih keuntungan.Revolusi, industry berjalan dengan dilandasi pendidikan politik dimana dalam paradikma ini terdapat perubahan besar dalam struktur politik dengan system pendidikan dan peningkatan potensi bersikap. Didalam Pendidikan Politik ini dapat membuat masyarakat memahami Politik diera Industri 4.0, kemajuan yang dapat kita lihat di dalam Negara Indonesia ini membuat massyarakat lebih aktif akan perkembangan yang sangat melesat dengan teknologi yang canggih dan Mayarakat harus berhati-hati akan kemajuan politik diera indutri ini karena akan mengakibatkan hal yang tidak di inginkan jika tidak di gunakan dengan baik.
Analisis Peran Pemerintahan Dalam Pengendalian Pertumbuhan Penduduk
Authors: watik Diana , Trisiana Anita , Novitasari Farida
Published: February 2022

Kumpulan masyarakat yang melakukan hubungan dalam suatu daerah atau orang yang berhak menempati suatu daerah atau negara dengan syarat bahwa orang tersebut harus memiliki surat resmi untuk tinggal di wilayah tersebut disebut penduduk. Kajian demografi perlu dipahami untuk mendalami kependudukan di suatu wilayah. Demografi merupakan tulisan tentang kependudukan yang berisi tentang jumlah, persebaran dan komposisi kependudukan. Serta dari waktu ke waktu ketiga faktor tersebut dapat berubah-ubah.

 

Untuk jumlah penduduk terbanyak di dunia Indonesia menempati posisi keempat, dengan terdapat jumlah penduduk sebanyak 237,6 juta jiwa. Semakin besar jumlah penduduk maka akan membawa tantangan seperti: meningkatkan kesejahteraan rakyat, mengembangkan kesempatan kerja, mengurangi kemiskinan, mengembangkan mutu pendidikan dan kesehatan, menambah infrastruktur, dan pelayanan masyarakat. Dalam proses mengurangi angka pertumbuhan penduduk dilakukan beberapa langkah-langkah yang sudah direncanakan sebelumnya dengan baik untuk dapat berjalan dengan tepat pada saat pelaksanaan, karena pertumbuhan penduduk akan berubah-ubah setiap waktu, dengan demikian pertumbuhan penduduk merupakan perkembangan jumlah penduduk pada suatu daerah dan kurun waktu tertentu dengan membandingkan waktu sebelumnya atau bisa juga diartikan perkembangan jumlah individu dalam suatu kelompok atau populasi dapat dihitung dengan membandingkan jumlah populasi.
Hubungan Faktor Sosial Budaya dengan Kejadian Covid-19 di Dusun Alla’-Alla’
Authors: Alfiah Aqira M.  , Fatmah Afrianty Gobel  , Nurul Ulfah Mutthalib
Published: February 2022

Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) merupakan jenis penyakit baru yang disebabkan oleh infeksi Virus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2). Penularan Covid-19 dapat terjadi dari orang ke orang melalui droplet pernapasan dari batuk dan bersin, Kejadian Covid-19 di Indonesia semakin meningkat khususnya di Dusun Alla'-alla' Desa Babana Kecamatan Budong-budong Kabupaten Mamuju Tengah Provinsi Sulawesi Barat yang menempati posisi pertama sebanyak 361 kasus. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan, tindakan, tradisi , kepercayaan dan pelayanan kesehatan masyarakat dengan kejadian Covid-19. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah masyarakat di Dusun Alla'-alla' Desa Babana Kecamatan Budong-budong Kabupaten Mamuju Tengah Provinsi Sulawesi Barat sebanyak 251 jiwa dengan jumlah sampel 145 responden. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara variabel pengetahuan (p=0,001), tindakan (p=0,001), tradisi masyarakat (0,001), kepercayaan masyarakat(p=0,009) dan pelayanan kesehatan (p=0,001) dengan kejadian Covid-19 di Dusun Alla'-alla' Desa Babana Kecamatan Budong-budong Kabupaten Mamuju Tengah Provinsi Sulawesi Barat. Upaya pencegahan dan memutus rantai penyebaran Covid-19, mendorong masyarakat bertindakan baik dalam pencegahan melalui tradisi masyarakat dan meningkatkan kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap bahaya Covid-19 serta meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat mengenai pentingnya pelayanan kesehatan.
THE ACHIEVEMENT GOAL ORIENTATION OF DISADVANTAGED PHYSICAL SCIENCES STUDENTS FROM SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: Ramnarain Umesh
Published: February 2022

This study attempted to identify the achievement goal orientation of grade 12 Physical Sciences students from disadvantaged communities, and thereafter explain goal orientation by investigating its interaction with teacher, school and parent goal emphasis. The research adopted a mixed methods design involving first a quantitative survey of 300 students from 6 schools using an achievement goal questionnaire developed by Vedder-Weiss and Fortus (2010), followed by interviews with 12 students that served to explicate the trends revealed from the survey. A finding of this study was that disadvantaged Black students have a much stronger performance goal orientation in comparison to a mastery goal orientation. Students perceive the teacher, school and their parent to emphasize such a goal orientation. Despite disadvantaged students being motivated to perform well and achieve high marks in science, the dismal grade 12 results in the national Physical Sciences examination does suggest that a performance goal orientation of students may not be ideal.
Key words: achievement goal orientation, mastery goal, performance goal, science learning.
PRE-SERVICE ELEMENTARY TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS AND OPINIONS ABOUT GREENHOUSE EFFECT
Authors: Aksan Zeynep , Çelikler Dilek
Published: February 2022

Through this research, it was aimed to determine the Pre-Service Teachers’ perceptions and opinions about greenhouse effect. The research was carried out with 395 Pre-Service Elementary Teachers. The data in the research were collected through the questionnaire consisting of 36 items with likert type 5 related to greenhouse effect adapted into Turkish by Kılınç, Boyes and Stanisstreet (2008) developed by Boyes and Stanisstreet (1993) and an open-ended question. The quantitative data obtained from the questionnaire used in the research were analyzed using SPSS package program. The qualitative data obtained from an open-ended question were evaluated using the descriptive analysis technique. According to the results of the research, it has been observed that Pre-Service Teachers are not equipped with the sufficient knowledge about environmental problems. It has been concluded that Pre-Service Elementary Teachers established the false cause-effect relationship between environmental problems such as greenhouse effect, ozone layer problem, acid rain.
Key words: global warming, greenhouse effect, pre-service elementary teachers.
EFFECT OF USING ROUNDHOUSE DIAGRAMS ON PRESERVICE TEACHERS’ UNDERSTANDING OF ECOSYSTEM
Authors: Mutlu Mehmet
Published: February 2022

Roundhouse diagram is a visual tool which helps to reveal what a student think about science topics and reflects information that students organise in their mind. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of using roundhouse diagrams on prospective classroom teachers’ understanding of ecosystem, food chain, energy flow and material cycles. The roundhouse diagram was used with the experimental group (n = 44), while a traditional teaching method was employed with the control group (n = 43). Environmental Achievement Test consisting of 25 questions was administered to the 87 preservice teachers as pretest and posttest. The results indicated that the use of roundhouse diagrams significantly improved prospective classroom teachers’ understanding of ecosystem, food chain, energy flow and material cycles. In the light of the obtained results, some practical implications are discussed.
Key words: academic achievement, ecosystem, roundhouse diagram, science education.
THE EXPLORATION OF TEACHERS’ INTENTION OF USING LEGO NXT IN PRIMARY SCHOOL
Authors: Shih Bih-Yaw , Chen Tsung-Hao , Chang Yevvon Yi-Chi , Chung Wen-Yaw , Chen Chen-Yuan
Published: February 2022

More and more LEGO NXTs are applied to combine with different courses for designing multimedia instructional materials. Therefore, understanding the factors affecting the teachers’ intention of using Lego NXT has been an eager research issue. The purpose of the current research is to explore the teachers’ intention of using Lego NXT in primary school. A model combining the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as well as system and participant characteristics is proposed. Data were collected from forty seven primary school teachers in Kaohsiung and Pingtung county. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) is used to test the hypothesis.
Key words: authentic, LEGO NXT, self-efficacy, teachers’ intention, technology acceptance model.
PRE-SERVICE SECONDARY SCIENCE TEACHERS’ IMAGES ABOUT THEMSELVES AS SCIENCE TEACHERS
Authors: Akkus Huseyin
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study is to explore pre-service secondary science teachers’ images of themselves as science teachers. Also, the association between instructional style, and domains was explored. 130 secondary science teachers (biology, chemistry and physics) from 26 public universities participated in the data collection for this study. The Draw a Science Teacher Test Checklist (DASTT-C) was used as a data collection instrument. The results of study showed that pre-service science teachers’ images is 24.62% student-centred, 53.85% between student and teacher-centred, and 21.4% teacher-centred teaching style approaches. A significant association was found between domain and instructional style. Pre-service chemistry teachers were more willing to use student-centred teaching style rather than pre-service biology and pre-service physics teachers.
Key words: DASTT-C, pre-service science teacher, secondary science education.
COGITO ERGO SUM HOMOMACHINE?
Authors: Aberšek Boris
Published: February 2022

When European Union (EU) heads of state and government met at a summit in Lisbon in 2000 (Lisbon declaration, 2000), they set the goal of making Europe 'the most competitive and dynamic knowledge-based economy in the world'. In a knowledge economy, the 'most effective modern economies will be those that produce the most information and knowledge, and make that information and knowledge easily accessible to the greatest number of individuals and enterprises'. This policy brief suggests that individuals and companies can easily collaborate and compete globally, and that the solution for Europe in meeting the Lisbon goals is to invest heavily in education and skills. Statistical evidence briefly demonstrates the high return on investment in education. It makes recommendations for ensuring that Europe' school systems become more flexible and effective in improving learning outcomes, and argues that Europeans capacity to compete in the global knowledge economy will depend on whether its higher education institutions can meet the rapidly growing demand for high-level skills. International comparisons demonstrate the challenges confronting Europe but also illustrate the success of efforts to meet such challenges.
TURKISH STUDENTS’ IMAGES OF SCIENTISTS
Authors: Toğrol Ayşenur Yontar
Published: February 2022

This study analyses the drawings of scientists done by Turkish students, primarily to learn how the students have represented scientists and to find out the stereotypical images that they use. The drawings are compared with the results of a similar study conducted twelve years earlier by the same author. Gender characteristics and differences are a focus of interest. The Draw-a-Scientist Test (DAST) was used to record and analyse the images. The sample for the study consisted of 520 students from various grade levels. Their drawings are discussed in terms of three themes: the general use of standard indicators, gender differences in stereotypical images, and implications of the results for teaching and learning science.
Key words: Draw-A-Scientist Test (DAST), images of scientists, scientific literacy, values in science education.
THE EMOTIONS ABOUT TEACHING AND LEARNING SCIENCE: A STUDY OF PROSPECTIVE PRIMARY TEACHERS IN THREE SPANISH UNIVERSITIES
Authors: Brígido María , Couso Digna , Gutiérrez Ciro , Mellado Vicente
Published: February 2022

A descriptive and comparative study is made of the emotions that prospective primary teachers in three Spanish universities have about teaching and learning the natural sciences, differentiating between approaches to the content of Biology/Geology and Physics/Chemistry. The study was carried out using a closed-response questionnaire which was completed by 315 primary education bachelor's degree students in the Universities of Extremadura, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, and the Autónoma of Barcelona (UAB). The results showed that in their recall of their secondary education, most of the prospective teachers have positive emotions towards learning Biology/Geology and negative towards learning Physics/Chemistry. With respect to their future teaching in primary education, there predominated positive emotions towards Biology/Geology, and negative emotions towards Physics/Chemistry, except for the UAB students who reported more positive emotions than negative in this latter case. There was an increase of positive emotions in their expectations of their future teaching of all the science content, and a marked decrease in the negative emotions, relative to the emotions that they had experienced as students of these subjects in secondary school.
Key words: emotions, preservice primary teachers, science education.
EXAMINING THE LEARNING EXPERIENCES OF SCIENCE TRAINING AMONG TAIWANESE ABORIGINAL ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Wu Ya-Ling , Chen Cheng-Wu
Published: February 2022

In Taiwan, substantial resources have been invested in training programs for Aboriginal adolescents in response to their poor occupational achievement. This study examined the relationships between the learning experiences of science training, vocational self-concept, and occupational aspirations among Taiwanese Aboriginal adolescents. Data were collected from a questionnaire survey of 760 Taiwanese Aboriginal adolescents who had successfully completed the science training. The results of this study demonstrated that the Taiwanese Aboriginal adolescents’ learning experiences of science training directly and indirectly influenced their occupational aspirations vis-à-vis the effect on their vocational self-concept at the individual level, which in turn directly influenced their occupational aspirations. The findings suggest that the science training programs for Taiwanese indigenous youth may provide sufficient supports in culturally responsive ways to facilitate these trainees’ vocational self-concept and occupational aspirations as well as further to achieve the original goals of the science training programs.
Key words: occupational aspiration, science training, Taiwanese Aboriginal adolescents, vocational self-concept.
PREDICTING COLLEGE STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT IN SCIENCE COURSES
Authors: Ilgan Abdurrahman
Published: February 2022

Given the worldwide interest in improving student academic attainment, it is important to the examine the variables impacting college students’ achievement. This research aimed to predict student achievement in an undergraduate level Scientific Research Method Course (SRMC) offered by Celal Bayar University, Turkey. This quantitative research adopted a descriptive correlation survey design. 198 sophomore college students were the participants of the study. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine how independent variables such as attitudes, competence in teaching methods, length of studying time, gender predict student achievement in SRMC. The findings showed that selected predictors accounted for 33.4 % of students’ academic achievement in SRMC. Specifically, 23% of this variance were explained by the total study hours; 9.4 % of it originated from students’ attitudes toward the lesson; and 2% of it originated from the students’ perceptions of the necessity and importance of the course. Further, these findings are positioned with respect to the previous research on predicting college student achievement.
Key words: achievement, attitude, college student, science course, study time.
AN INVESTIGATION OF MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCE QUESTIONS IN ENTRANCE EXAMINATIONS FOR SECONDARY EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN TURKEY
Authors: Incikabi Lutfi , Kurnaz Mehmet A. , Pektas Murat
Published: February 2022

This study aimed to investigate LDE mathematics and science questions in terms of cognitive requirements (knowing, applying and reasoning) and structural properties (conceptual, algorithmic and graphical). The methodology adopted in the current study was document analysis. The results of this study indicated that LDE science assessments emphasized conceptual questions, while mathematics questions were more algorithmic in structure. In addition, both mathematics and science items de-emphasized graphical representations. In terms of their cognitive requirements, both science and mathematics LDE items neglected the cognitive domain of reasoning. Moreover, science questions mostly met in the intersection of knowing and conceptual, while mathematics questions often required students to apply knowledge on algorithmic questions. This study also concluded that the distribution of question requirements differed from year to year. Some implications regarding the results included that implementing a nation-wide assessment that neglects graphical representations contradicts the target goal of the mathematics and science programs in Turkey. The fact that the LDE was designed to determine the level of students’ learning yet neglects reasoning questions also presents a contradiction to the curricular aims.
Key words: cognitive requirements, level determination examination, mathematics and science problems, structural properties.
WHAT NOS TEACHING PRACTICES TELL US: A CASE OF TWO SCIENCE TEACHERS
Authors: Dogan Nihal , Cakiroglu Jale , Bilican Kader , Cavus Seda
Published: February 2022

Translation of nature of science (NOS) views into teaching practice and the development of teachers’ NOS teaching are still open to investigation. Therefore, how teachers’ translation of NOS understanding into practice occurs and what extend science teachers are able to transform their understanding into explicit reflective NOS instruction have been issues still need to be further exploration. This study explored the impact of intensive nature of science summer workshop on science teachers’ views of NOS and their instructional practices. The current study was a case study of two middle school science teachers documenting their NOS views and instructional practice on NOS in the classrooms. Data resources included the VNOS-C; interviews and classroom observations. Participants made substantial improvements in their understandings of the targeted aspects of NOS as a result of their participation in professional development program. The study also showed that two of teachers translated their understanding of NOS in a certain degree into instructional practice.
Keywords: in-service teachers, nature of science, professional development program, science education.
EXAMINING THE MICROPOLITICAL LITERACY OF SCIENCE INTERN TEACHERS IN TAIWAN
Authors: Wu Ya-Ling , Chen Cheng-Wu
Published: February 2022

Micropolitical learning constitutes an essential part of the professional development of prospective science teachers. Drawing on interviews, this study applied categories of professional interests as a framework for investigating Taiwanese secondary science intern teachers’ experiences of the micropolitical realities in schools and the meanings that the science interns construct for micropolitical experiences. The professional interests consist of material, organizational, social-professional, cultural-ideological, and self-interests (Kelchtermans & Ballet, 2002a). This study identified the career development interests of science interns beyond the five pre-defined subcategories. To cope with their vulnerability due to the lack of positional authority and role ambiguity in the practicum sites, the pursuit of social-professional interests was the most important. Proactively fitting into the prearranged school environments was the most prevalent micropolitical strategy for the interns because of their lack of professional autonomy and their supervisors’ expectations. However, the efforts of a small number of science interns in challenging the school practices were noteworthy. Key words: micropolitical literacy, professional interests, science intern teachers, Taiwan.