bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Winter Activity of Ants in an Urban Area of Western Japan
Authors: Hosoishi Shingo , Rahman Mamunur , Murakami Takahiro , Park Sang-Hyun , Kuboki Yuzuru , Ogata Kazuo
Published: November 2019

During winter, foraging activity of ants is considered low in temperate regions. Winter activity of ground-dwelling ants was investigated using bait traps and quadrat sampling in an urban area of Fukuoka City, western Japan. Six study sites were grouped into two categories: 4 open land types and 2 forest types. A total of 18 ant species were recorded between the end of January and beginning of March. The foraging activity of ants was generally low, except during relatively warm periods when the surface ground temperature was above 6℃–7℃ or soil temperature was above 4℃–5℃. Tetramorium tsushimae, Messor aciculatus, and Pheidole noda were the most abundant in the open land type, whereas Nylanderia flavipes, P. noda, and Crematogaster osakensis were the most abundant in the forest type. Bait preference varied among the different species, e.g., P. noda preferred tuna over honey, whereas N. flavipes similarly responded to tuna and honey. This is the first detailed study on the relationship between temperature and ant activity in Japanese mainland fauna.
Recognition: Exarcheia, mon amour
Authors: Panourgiá Neni
Published: November 2019

The human-scape of Europe has changed irrevocably since the intensification of extractive economies and the wars that they have engendered from the 1990s onwards. Greece, as a country, and Athens as its major city, have been caught in this web off-guard, even though any astute politician could have seen the changes coming. This altered human-scape comprises human subjects involved in a dynamic dialectic of recognition – recognition of the self and the other, and recognition of the self by the self, in the process producing new subjectivities and hardening already existing ones. I am looking at three emblematic points in Athens – Exarcheia, the Athenian Trilogy and Gerani – through the eyes and the words of (primarily) anarchist and leftist activists, subjects who have been at the forefront of resistance both to hegemonic and authoritarian politics since the 1960s and to their extractive economies. Through raw material that I collected in the summer and winter of 2018 I examine the positions taken by these subjects as they try to re-negotiate their politics of recognition in a landscape that is constantly shifting.
Vulnerabilidad, adaptación y resiliencia sociales frente al riesgo ambiental. Teorías subyacentes
Authors: Bocco Gerardo
Published: November 2019

Durante las dos últimas décadas, se ha producido una gran cantidad de trabajos que, al calor del esfuerzo interdisciplinario desde la ecología y la economía, han propuesto el enfoque socio-ecológico para explicar, en su marco, la vulnerabilidad, adaptación y resiliencia sociales frente al cambio climático y al aumento de desastres vinculados. Esta aproximación se ha convertido en hegemónica a juzgar por la cantidad de trabajos y citas en la bibliografía especializada, mismos que se cuentan por decenas de miles. De igual manera, se ha establecido una plataforma francamente crítica de la anterior, aunque con menor visibilidad en la bibliografía, tanto en América Latina como a nivel global. Entonces, nociones tales como vulnerabilidad, adaptación y resiliencia sociales pueden beneficiarse de un análisis desde el punto de vista teórico en cuanto a (a) las aproximaciones científicas en las cuales se basan, y (b) las críticas que han recibido en la bibliografía especializada. Este es el objetivo del presente trabajo.
Desastres en México: mapas y apuntes sobre una historia inconclusa
Authors: Alcántara-Ayala Irasema
Published: November 2019

Desde hace varias décadas ha sido documentada la relación entre el inapropiado uso del territorio y la generación de factores de riesgo de desastre. En México, ésta se remonta hasta el proceso de Conquista, durante el cual se rompió el equilibrio con la “generosa tierra”. A partir de la desecación de los lagos de la antigua Tenochtitlán, los procesos de deforestación y la transformación sociocultural y ambiental del territorio —todos ellos factores subyacentes y condicionantes del riesgo— iniciaron las relaciones sistémicas de poder y explotación que han trastornado la comunión entre sociedad y naturaleza, lo cual dio origen a la construcción social del riesgo de desastre.En México, como en muchos países de América y el mundo, el impacto de los desastres desencadenados por amenazas de alta magnitud y baja frecuencia ha involucrado cuantiosas pérdidas. De 1900 a 2018 se registraron 231 desastres en los que más de 20 000 personas perdieron la vida y aproximadamente 18 millones de habitantes fueron afectados. Entre ellos, el reciente sismo del 19 de septiembre de 2017 sacudió la estructura institucional de la protección civil en México y puso en evidencia la necesidad urgente de transformar el actual Sistema Nacional de Protección Civil (Sinaproc), meramente reactivo, en un Sistema Nacional de Gestión Integral del Riesgo de Desastre (Sinagird). Este último, como política pública transversal, debe estar fundamentado en la evidencia científica, con la contribución de las ciencias sociales y naturales, así como del desarrollo tecnológico. Asimismo, la participación de distintos actores, entre ellos, la ciudadanía, los sectores público y privado y las autoridades de los diferentes órdenes de gobierno deben constituir el eje de una transformación que permita atender las causas de fondo y los factores condicionantes del riesgo de desastre, con la finalidad de que los esfuerzos institucionales no estén únicamente dirigidos a la respuesta ante emergencias o a promover acciones fragmentadas de reconstrucción que no contribuyen a reducir la vulnerabilidad.En este artículo se presenta una revisión del impacto que han tenido los desastres desencadenados por amenazas naturales y socionaturales en México, y se ofrece una reflexión acerca de la necesidad de la evolución de una visión de emergencia y respuesta vinculada a la protección civil hacia una perspectiva de política pública en materia de Gestión Integral del Riesgo de Desastres (GIRD).
Projeto Político Pedagógico e as normas complementares para a rede de ensino na Educação Infantil
Authors: Queiroz Furtado Valéria , De Marco Ademir
Published: November 2019

Esta pesquisa visou averiguar e analisar a existência de projetos pedagógicos ou normas complementares para a rede de ensino na educação infantil de municípios componentes de duas grandes regiões metropolitanas, em dois diferentes estados brasileiros. A pesquisa foi realizada adotando como método a pesquisa documental. A análise proposta circunscreveu o número de Projetos Políticos Pedagógicos identificados nas duas regiões e a comparação dos dados obtidos. Os resultados evidenciaram um processo de municipalização e a criação de um sistema de ensino próprio apenas em uma das regiões investigadas. Vale ressaltar no desenvolvimento desta pesquisa, a grande resistência por parte dos gestores municipais para procederem ao envio dos documentos solicitados, bem como as diversas justificativas infundadas que foram apresentadas para não ocorrer o envio dos documentos. Ao final é possível inferir que, embora possam ser reconhecidos avanços na organização dos sistemas de ensino na EducaçãoInfantil dos municípios investigados, ainda são urgentes as ações que possibilitem maior grau de autonomia pedagógica e administrativa por parte das secretarias de educação, bem como do repasse desta autonomia para suas unidades de ensino.
processo de formação e a práxis de educadores em instituições socioassistenciais: um estudo de caso
Authors: Avelino Giffoni Junior Alexandre , Torres Ana Cristina Paes Leme Giffoni Cilião
Published: November 2019

Este artigo resulta de uma pesquisa qualitativa dialético-interativa, como intervenção didático-pedagógica por meio da Abordagem Histórico-Cultural. Ela considera que para entender os processos psicológicos é necessário estudá-los em movimento, nas transformações sofridas ao longo da história da humanidade e do indivíduo. O objetivo deste estudo é entender, por meio da formação de professores, as transformações em andamento na implementação da Didática com base nessa abordagem. Este é um estudo de caso realizado em uma associação filantrópica de apoio à criança, localizada na cidade de Rio Verde, Goiás. O objetivo deste estudo é: Analisar o desenvolvimento da formação de professores no planejamento didático-pedagógico de uma unidade didática e como esse planejamento pode refletir no processo de ensino-aprendizagem com os alunos. O artigo mostra a formação dos sujeitos da pesquisa, principalmente com os educadores participantes, por meio do desenvolvimento de conceitos científicos e do cotidiano das pessoas. Dessa forma, confirma a Didática histórico-cultural como ferramenta que possibilita a emancipação e autonomia das pessoas através da educação, ou seja, o desenvolvimento humano através do ensino e aprendizagem desenvolvimental, visando à melhoria de suas condições de vida. A pesquisa pode contribuir para uma Pedagogia Social em Educação e Psicologia com a Teoria Histórico-Cultural.
Trilhas interpretativas como um potencial pedagógico:
Authors: Dos Santos Ednilza Maranhao
Published: November 2019

Este trabalho teve como objetivo relatar uma experiência desenvolvida por alunos e professor do curso de licenciatura em ciências biológicas, com a participação de bolsista de iniciação cientifica do ensino médio de escolas públicas da região, do primeiro ano do ensino médio em uma área de Caatinga do agreste do Estado de Pernambuco. No período de dezembro de 2012 a outubro de 2013, trilhas de interpretação ambiental foram planejadas na Fazenda Fieza, no município de Santa Cruz do Capibaribe. Duas trilhas foram mapeadas e nessas, onze pontos foram considerados potenciais como paradas para reflexão, contemplação e contextualização sobre os elementos naturais do bioma Caatinga, conteúdos importantes para sensibilização e valorização do lugar. Três etapas fizeram parte do planejamento da trilha (Etapa 1: levantamento de dados; etapa 2: elaboração do roteiro pedagógico; etapa 3:  execução para socialização da vivencia e avaliação do processo. Um total de 43 alunos participaram das trilhas e foi notório o interesse dos alunos sobre o bioma, observado através da percepção escrita e de desenhos feitos por eles durante as atividades.
Comparative Analysis of Text Mining Classification Algorithms for English and Indonesian Qur’an Translation
Authors: Hidayat Rahmat , Minati Sekar
Published: November 2019

Qur'an, As-Sunnah, and Islamic old book have become the sources for Islam followers as sources of knowledge, wisdom, and law. But in daily life, there are still many Muslims who do not understand the meaning of the sentence in the Qur'an even though they read it every day. It becomes a challenge for Science and Engineering field academicians especially Informatics to explore and represent knowledge through intelligent system computing to answer various questions based on knowledge from the Qur'an. This research is creating an enabling computational environment for text mining the Qur'an, of which purpose is to facilitate people to understand each verse in the Qur'an. The classification experiment uses Support Vector Machine (SVM), Naive Bayes, k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN), and J48 Decision Tree classifier algorithms with Al-Baqarah verses translated to English and Indonesian as the dataset which was labeled by three most fundamental aspects of Islam: 'Iman' (faith), 'Ibadah' (worship), and 'Akhlaq' (virtues). Indonesian translation was processed by using the sastrawi package in Python to do the pre-processing and StringToWord Vector in WEKA with the TF-IDF method to implement the algorithms. The classification experiments are determined to measure accuracy, and f-measure, it tested with a percentage split 66% as the data training and the rest as the data testing. The decision from an experiment that was carried out by the classification results, SVM classifier algorithms have the overall best accuracy performance for the Indonesian translation of 81.443% and the Naïve Bayes classifier has the best accuracy for the English translation, which achieved 78.35%.
Pemberdayaan Kelompok Ternak Kambing “Satwa Makmur” Melalui Program CSR PT. PLN (Persero) di Desa Tubanan
Authors: Kharis Ahmad , Mutrofin Mutrofin
Published: November 2019

This article will examines the implementation of partnerships between corporations and community groups through the CSR empowerment program of PT. PLN (Persero) Unit Induk Pembangkitan Tanjung Jati B in Tubanan Village. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach. The data source from field studies, observations, interviews and theoretical research studies that has been done and relevant to the problems raised. The research shows that there are two patterns in increasing community empowerment it’s by increasing human capacity and increasing environmental capacity. Through this paper, it will be very useful to understand how to empower communities through livestock groups and foster motivational empowerment for increasingly of social welfare.Artikel ini mengkaji tentang pelaksanaan kemitraan antara korporasi dengan kelompok masyarakat melalui program pemberdayaan CSR PT. PLN (Persero) Unit Induk Pembangkitan Tanjung Jati B di Desa Tubanan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Data diambil dari studi lapangan, observasi, wawancara serta kajian teoritis dengan penelitian yang pernah dilakukan dan relevan dengan permasalahan yang dikemukakan. Temuan penelitian menunjukan bahwa ada dua pola dalam meningkatkan keberdayaan masyarakat, yaitu melalui peningkatan kapasitas manusia dan peningkatan kapasitas lingkungan. Melalui tulisan ini akan sangat berguna untuk memahami bagaimana cara memberdayakan komunitas melalui kelompok ternak dan menumbuhkan motivasi pemberdayaan bagi peningkatan kesejahteraan sosial.
Apologies In “Whatsapp” Produced By Japanese Department Student Of Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
Authors: Savana Azizia Freda , Rosiah Rosi
Published: November 2019

(Title: Apologies In “Whatsapp” Produced By Japanese Department Student Of Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta) This paper discusses an apology in Whatsapp by Japanese Department Students of Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta in several situations use semantic formula. In era digital, Many of them always deliver their message to Whatsapp. They use Whatsapp for sharing information, expressing gratitude and apologies to their friends and teachers. Expressing apologies via Whatsapp is different from expressing it directly. Writing using Whatsapp will be more creative by using emoji or kaomoji based on the situations. Besides that, they usually abbreviate their writing on Whatsapp. The purpose of this research is to know how Japanese Department Students of Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta expressing apologize via Whatsapp in several situations to the teacher, seniors, and friends. Do they use emoji or kaomoji and how they write an apologizing with the Teacher, Seniors, and Friend? This research uses a descriptive method with qualitative approaches since analyzed descriptively with the qualitative method. The method of analysis used the semantic formula to classify apologies based on the situation. The result of this research is the student’s tendency most of them use In-speech act instruction designation (apology content, appreciation, etc.) and they not so using emoji to express apologies to teachers.
TRIP RATE DAN POLA PERGERAKAN PADA TRANSMART SETIABUDI SEMARANG SEBAGAI SALAH SATU PUSAT PERBELANJAAN BERKONSEP MULTI-AKTIVITAS
Authors: Rahayu Sri , Basuki Yudi , Gritanarum Maestri
Published: November 2019

Maraknya pembangunan pusat perbelanjaan mendorong perusahaan untuk terus melakukan inovasi, salah satunya adalah konsep 4 in 1 pada Transmart Setiabudi Semarang. Pembangunan ini akan berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan jumlah tarikan perjalanan. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui trip rate sebagai model tarikan perjalanan dan pola pergerakan. Metode yang digunakan untuk membentuk model tarikan perjalanan dalam penelitian ini adalah trip rate dan analisis pola pergerakan. Metode ini menggunakan data kedatangan pengunjung dibagi dengan luas aktivitas guna lahan, sedangkan pola pergerakan diperoleh  dari data sebaran tempat asal pengunjung. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah trip rate dan pola perjalanan. Trip rate total yaitu jumlah pengunjung dibagi luas area Transmart didapat 0,057 orang/m2. Trip rate tiap aktivitas terdiri dari trip rate area aktivitas belanja yaitu 0,035 orang/m2, trip rate area aktivitas bersantap 0,152 orang/m2, trip rate area aktivitas bermain 0,072 orang/m2, trip rate area aktivitas menonton 0,298 orang/m2. Pola pergerakan pengunjung Transmart berasal dari dalam dan luar Kota Semarang dan terdiri dari tujuan perjalanan satu aktivitas dan multi-aktivitas. Pusat perbelanjaan dengan konsep 4 in 1 memiliki trip rate yang rendah karena karakteristik perjalanan pengunjung dengan multi-aktivitas yang dilakukannya.
Penguatan Moda Transportasi Lokal dalam Mendukung Kabupaten Pulau Morotai Sebagai Destinasi Wisata Unggulan
Authors: Junaid Ilham
Published: November 2019

The Ministry of Tourism of the Republic of Indonesia has chosen Morotai Island Regency as one of ten prioritized tourism destinations. This policy requires tourism supporting elements including an adequate transportation system. This research aims to identify the supporting capacity of the local transportation modes from which the strategies of tourism development derived from. A qualitative methodology is applied by using naturalistic and interpretative approaches to investigate the capacity of transportation modes in Morotai Island. Interviews with the local tourism agency officials and the local transportation service providers are completed for collecting relevant data and information. The research reveals that the existing transportation modes can support tourism development in Morotai. However, there are some attempts required to support tourism based transportation system: strengthening the synergetic relations between the local government and the air transportation service providers for increasing flight schedule for tourists; providing creative local based transportation modes to support better tourism development; and providing accurate information about sea transportation service to support Morotai as the prioritized tourism destination.
DESAIN OPTIMAL POWER SISTEM STABILIZER PADA UNIT PEMBANGKIT BAKARU BERBASIS ANT COLONY OPTIMIZATION
Authors: Djalal Muhammad Ruswandi , Nawir Herman , Sonong Sonong , Marhatang Marhatang
Published: November 2019

Salah satu peralatan kontrol tambahan yang mampu meningkatkan kestabilan suatu system pada generator adalah Power System Stabilizer (PSS). Ketika terjadi osilasi gangguan pada generator, PSS memberikan sinyal tambahan ke peralatan eksitasi untuk memberikan redaman tambahan pada generator. Penggunaan PSS diperlukan koordinasi penentuan parameter yang tepat untuk mencapai kontrol kinerja yang bagus untuk sistem. Pada penelitian ini, metode kecerdasan buatan algoritma Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) digunakan untuk mengoptimasi parameter PSS. Dari hasil simulasi didapatkan parameter PSS yang optimal ditinjau dari respon osilasi overshoot dan sudut rotor. Kinerja sistem tanpa PSS didapatkan overshoot frekuensi sebesar -0,02242 s/d 0,005241 pu, kemudian PSS dengan Trial error sebesar -0,0196 s/d 0,003704 pu, PSS Bat sebesar -0.01394 s/d 0.0007533 pu, dan dengan metode ant colony didapatkan overshoot yang berkurang yaitu sebesar -0,0128 s/d 0,0003349 pu. Sedangkan untuk respon sudut rotor didapatkan tanpa PSS sebesar -4,71 s/d 4,486e-05 pu, PSS trial error sebesar -4,579 s/d 4,486e-05 pu, PSS Bat sebesar -4.71 s/d 4.486e-05, dan PSS ant colony sebesar -4,566 s/d 4,545e-05 pu. Implementasi metode cerdas sebagai metode penalaan PSS dapat memperbaiki kinerja generator dalam meredam osilasi sistem multimesin.
Judicial Reform in China: From the Perspective of Legal Fee Arrangements
Authors: Yang Xi , Qiao Yue
Published: November 2019

To achieve equality and justice is the main objective of China’s judicial reform. However, due to the scarcity of judicial resources in China, the cost of achieving equality and justice must be considered when designing the judicial system. Thus, how to balance equality, justice and judicial costs has become one of the most complicated questions of the reform. Analysis of the legal fee arrangements provides a unique perspective for this issue. In this paper, we use the method of law and economics to analyze this question. Through setting up a dynamic game model for litigation, we compare the effects of different legal fee arrangements on equality, justice and the social cost. Through data simulation, our theoretical findings are interpreted intuitively. The paper also scrutinizes institutional factors in system designing, which provides useful implications for the judicial reform. In addition, our research findings have amended the inconsistence of results between theoretical reasoning and empirical evidence.
Languaging evolved
Authors: Cowley Stephen J.
Published: November 2019

Taking a unified view of life, language, and cognition, the Special Issue contests linguistic (or enactivist) models that grant “reality” to symbolic entities. Rather than focus on texts, utterances, or communication, language is traced to living in the extended human ecology. On a distributed view, languaging arises as, alone or together, people act while orienting to denotata and (physical) wordings. Languaging requires, not linguistic bodies, but skills based in common ways of understanding. While verbal entities are of immense value, they draw on a history of reflecting on languaging from a language stance; people need only imagine “symbols.” Accordingly, languaging is part of acting, observing and imagining. Using a language stance suffices for reflecting on human practices and written marks as if linguistic entities were “real.” The deflationary view extends to semiotics. As Ho and Li (2019) document, languaging-and-action enables a learner to grasp a Chinese character as a sign. While, in principle, semiosis might draw from physics or life, signs are also likely to derive from human practice. Coming to read Chinese may require not a semiotic ontology, but a human ability to self-fabricate new powers. By deflating linguistic models one can avoid appeal to observer-independent signs.
Afterword
Authors: Cobley Paul
Published: November 2019

This article responds to the papers in this special issue, considering the consilience of semiotics and “extended ecology.” It compares both approaches with reference to the relation of language and Umwelt It suggests that one concept in semiotics which can contribute to the ecolinguistics in respect of avoiding solipsism in the consideration of phenomena of experience is “suprasubjectivity.”
Escatologia e conoscenza salvifica in Empedocle: una rilettura della metempsicosi alla luce delle teorie fisiologiche sulla mente
Authors: Casella Federico
Published: November 2019

The presence of a theory of the transmigration of the soul or, according to Empedocles’ words, of the δαίμων is a controversial issue among scholars. A major difficulty arises when one tries to read the fragments of thePurifications– where this theme is particularly recurrent – in conjunction with those usually attributed to the poemOn nature. The aim of this paper is to suggest a ‘method’ to analyse the extant fragments, and to offer a possible interpretation of the nature of the so–called cycle of the δαίμων. On the one hand, I shall try to show that the two poems, if read together, can provide a ‘salvific’ message. As a matter of fact, the description of the cosmic order that emerges from the poemOn naturemight convey the same prescription as stated in thePurificationsfor following the universal laws, which would ultimately allow human beings to be happy even in an age of universal evil. On the other hand, I shall propose to identify the δαίμων with the roots, which can escape from the cycle – i.e. become happy – when they are shaped as human minds, thanks to the way in which the processes of knowledge work.
One Socrates and Many. A Discussion of the Volume Socrates and the Socratic Dialogue
Authors: Pentassuglio Francesca
Published: November 2019

The volume Socrates and the Socratic Dialogue, recently edited by Ch. Moore and A. Stavru (Brill, 2018), favours the pluralistic approach to the sources that has gained increasing acceptance over the last decades, and thus shares the choice not to limit the study of Socrates to the canonical ‘quartet’ Aristophanes, Plato, Xenophon, and Aristotle. Indeed, the volume partly continues an existing trend, but at the same time proves to reinforce it by further refining and scrutinising this field of research. The very welcome result is a collection of essays that provides a rich and nuanced picture of Socrates from the Old Comedy to Neoplatonism, based on Socratic literature as well as non-Socratic material – the latter including both non-Socratic authors and non-Socratic passages by Socratic authors. Because of the variety of themes and the number of contributions, which present a vast range of methodological approaches, the work offers a privileged point of view for investigating the ongoing advancements in our understanding of Socratism. Rather than providing a thorough presentation of all chapters, which would inevitably oversimplify their content, this paper attempts to highlight – also through the comparison with the existing literature – the main results of the analysis conducted and their specific contribution to the field.
Scholarship in Process. A Reconstruction of Vlastos’ Method of Research into the History of Philosophy
Authors: Vieira Celso
Published: November 2019

The paper attempts to reconstruct Vlastos’ method of research into the history of philosophy using his Degrees of Reality as a case study. To do so, I rely on the extensive materials available in the Vlastos Archive. Through the palimpsest of superimposed revisions in his documents as well as the letters exchanged with his colleagues, I will go through the gestation of a whole new perspective in dealing with Plato’s conception of the reality of abstract objects. Furthermore, the focus on the process rather than on the results will provide an inside view on Vlastos’ ground-breaking use of analytical tools in developing research in the field of history of philosophy.
Wahrsprechen, lügen und glauben
Authors: Borsche Tilman
Published: November 2019

All speech is a form of self-presentation, a performance on the stage of life, and since antiquity this has been accepted as much as lamented and rejected on moral grounds. Do we today, once again, live in times that justify this complaint? So-called ‘fake news’ are, first and foremost, simply ‘news,’ that is, information whose truth claims everyone needs to judge according to their own prejudices. Nietzsche’s skepticism about truth, at least since the early essay Ueber Wahrheit und Lüge im aussermoralischen Sinne, draws radical conclusions from this apparently nihilistic diagnosis of our cognitive abilities which never reach their goal, that is, truth. But Nietzsche does not despair about the fact that our thinking has no power over truth; rather, he transforms lying into a product of the creative intellect that seeks to serve life. As such, we have to rethink truth’s relationship to lying. Both, truth and lying, thus lose their respective meaning. Against the background of Kant’s famous distinction between opining, believing, and knowing as three different modes of holding-to-be-true, I argue that Nietzsche does indeed provide a both timely and constructive answer to the question how to think about ‘lying.’
Saying Amen to the Light of Dawn: Nietzsche on Praise, Prayer, and Affirmation
Authors: Ruin Hans
Published: November 2019

This article addresses the role and meaning of prayer as well as the language of piety and praise in Nietzsche’s writings, notably in Zarathustra. This essay was first presented as a talk in German at the 2017 Nietzsche colloquium in Sils Maria, the theme of which was “Zarathustra und Dionysos”. In preparing it for a publication in English, the argument has been reworked and expanded and references have been added, while partly preserving the tone and structure of the oral delivery. I am grateful to the instructive comments and suggestions of the anonymous reviewers for Nietzsche-Studien. Nietzsche can be read as an uncompromising critic of religion but also as the initiator of a new form of faith, described by some scholars as a “Dionysian piety”. The analysis takes its lead from the way in which Z refers to his yes-saying as also saying “amen”, exploring how Nietzsche explicitly incorporates the language of religious discourse into his writing. Examining passages where he explicitly questions the adoption of confessional language and prayer, it criticizes as overly simplistic the view of his thinking as seeking a new piety. The discussion of the significance of prayer from a psychological, linguistic, and poetological perspective highlights the experience of “inspiration” as a key to the adoption of confessional language in Z. In an interpretation of the last part of this book, it shows how its concluding scenes coalesce precisely around the role and possibility of prayer and piety, and how a crisis in the narrative is triggered by the inability of Zarathustra’s visitors to properly understand his message in this regard. A concluding interpretation of the section “Before Sunrise” in the third part of the book shows how it gathers the philosophical stakes involved in Nietzsche’s understanding of prayer, piety, and confessional praise.
Anarchist, Antisemit, Aufklärer? Vier Beiträge zum Verhältnis von Nietzsches Philosophie und Politik
Authors: Stephan Paul
Published: November 2019

Four new publications provide an overview of the relationship between Nietzsche’s philosophical thought and his political commitments. Together they highlight the true complexity of Nietzsche’s politics, since some of his ideas can be adapted to anarchist and right-wing positions as much as, for instance, to Frankfurt School critical theory. At the same time, these contributions underscore the limitations of a strictly positivist, or philological approach, since any assessment of Nietzsche’s politics cannot be detached from the political faultlines of the present.
Understanding the sorption behaviour of Pu/U on zirconium phosphosilicate prepared by gelation route
Authors: Patil Prashant , Pathak Sachin , Sharathbabu M. , Sengupta Arijit , Kadam R. M.
Published: November 2019

Zirconium phosphosilicate (ZPS) has been prepared by gelation route for its ion exchange applications. ZPS was characterised by X-ray diffraction technique (XRD), thermogravimetry (TG), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transformed Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR) and surface area analysis. K+ ion exchange behaviour was studied by pH titration. The material was found to extract Pu selectively over U from different mineral acids. Pu sorption behaviour on ZPS packed column was also been carried out. The pore volume was evaluated as 0.1336 mL g−1. The FTIR revealed the presence of –OH and PO4
3− groups on the surface of the material, while the SEM image indicates the irregular morphology and size of the sorbent. Different isotherm model: Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin–Rodushkevich and Temkin were used to understand the nature of sorption, while Lagergren 1st order, Intraparticle diffusion and pseudo 2nd order kinetics were used for modelling sorption kinetics. Suitable elution method was used for quantitative stripping of plutonium from sorbent. The radiolytic stability of the sorbent was evaluated upto 1500 kGy. A comparative evaluation of the sorption process has also been carried out with that reported in literature.
Sprachplurizentrismus in der Romania in Geschichte und Gegenwart: das Beispiel Rumänisch
Authors: Dahmen Wolfgang
Published: November 2019

The paper looks into the question of whether Romanian is a mono- or a pluricentric language and investigates its relation to so-called Moldovan. The first part outlines the formation of the Romanian Academy as a standardizing authority. It was founded in the second half of the 19th century when the territory of today’s Republic of Moldova did not belong to Romania but to Russia. The second part therefore casts an eye over the linguistic situation in this region which has gone through a varied history during the last 200 years. As a result, it appears that the efforts to establish Moldovan as a separate language were politically motivated. The question – if we have to deal with two languages (Romanian, Moldovan), one (Romanian) with two centres (Bucharest, Chişinău), or one language with only one centre (Bucharest) – is therefore also a political question which creates different answers depending on political constellations.
Per una semiotica della rima
Authors: Di Santo Federico
Published: November 2019

The article, following a suggestion of Barthes, attempts to outline a semiotics of the technique of rhyming considered as a sub-code of poetic language, in order to better understand the important contribution provided by rhyme, on many levels, to the strategies of signification of the literary text. This semiotic approach is inscribed in a general theory of rhyme under development by the author, which aims at explaining the raison d’être and fortune of this poetic device in relation to its decisive contribution to the rhetorical and figurative elaboration of the poetic text. In a semiotic perspective, three fundamental levels of structuring rhyme as a sign can be distinguished: its signifier (the partial phonic identity which, in the current view, is considered to be rhyme’s exhaustive definition), its meaning (the semantic interference between rhyming words only) and its sense (the relation between rhyme’s meaning and context). A short reference is also made to further aspects of the the sub-code of rhyme, such as its syntax (strophic patterns) and the role of pools of rhymes. This leads to a reappraisal of some significant questions raised by the technique of rhyme, e. g. whether or not it always makes a semantic contribution, or what the interplay between its limitations to freedom of expression and its contribution to the expressiveness and poetic value of the text is. The theoretical tools are finally put to the test in a short analysis of the rhyme-words in the form of the sestine.
Sobre el adjetivo mediolatino armelinus y su parentela románica: una posible etimología árabe
Authors: Gómez Rabal Ana , Montaner Alberto
Published: November 2019

In Medieval Latin, the adjective armelinus, -na and the noun armelinus are attested in notarial documents and other texts from different regions of Western Europe, in a wide chronology. At first glance, both the name and the adjective are related to the classical Latin demonym Armenius, but this etymon does not explain several aspects of its form and function. The present paper reviews all the etymological hypotheses suggested so far and arrives at the proposal that armelinus could be the result of the adaptation of the Andalusian Arabic armaní ~ arminí ‘Armenian (tissue)’, after converging semantically with armini ~ ermini, derived from the Latin armenius ‘(skin of the) Mustela ermine’. The authors suggest that both terms – adjective and noun – could arise in the territories corresponding to the linguistic domain of Catalan and that they passed from there to Italy and the rest of Western Europe.
Inca Garcilaso de la Vega’s translation of Dialogues of love by Leone Ebreo. The language of Philosophy in the Renaissance
Authors: Valcarcel Debouvry Muriel
Published: November 2019

This article focuses on the importance of the notion of divine knowledge in Leone Ebreo’s Dialogues of Love, Inca Garcilaso de la Vega’s translation of the same work, and Garcilaso’s The Royal Commentaries. The Neoplatonist theory of divine knowledge, rooted in Pauline, Aristotelian and Platonic thought, held that God had imparted his sacred secrets to mankind in textual form, but only a select few would be able to understand it fully. Elements of divine knowledge were also progressively lost, it was believed, as the knowledge was passed from person to person. This shouldered translators with the great responsibility of representing divine knowledge faithfully: they thus placed high importance on close translation, but also felt it right to bend the translated text closer to their particular conception of divine truth. We will also see indications that Neoplatonist ideas of knowledge were the foundation of a political theology.*
Escritura, oralidad y variación: nuevos datos sobre la alternancia allí/allá a la luz de un corpus epistolar del siglo XVI
Authors: Blas Arroyo José Luis , González-Martínez Juan
Published: November 2019

This corpus-based research uses a set of 895 private letters written by almost seven hundred different individuals to analyse the variation between the Spanish adverbs allí and allá in the sixteenth century. The figures found in this study are quite different from those of previous research. Whereas some researchers have highlighted the common prevalence of allí, our data reveal a greater prominence of the form allá in this period, which was found to be more frequent in every single context taken into account in the analysis. This study considers the differences in the textual framework as a probable cause of these important quantitative divergences. At the same time, the paper uses tools from historical sociolinguistics to examine the incidence of the variable context in the selection of the adverbial forms. Our results confirm the influence of some constraints previously highlighted in the literature, but contradict others. Moreover, even the former need to be reinterpreted in variationist terms, and never as an expression of differences in the linguistic system.
La gramaticalización del lat. tota via en español y en italiano: valores temporales y adversativos
Authors: Zuloaga Margarita Borreguero , Ruiz de Loizaga Francisco Javier Herrero
Published: November 2019

The process of grammaticalization of Italian tuttavia and Spanish todavia, from Latin tota via, is an interesting case study because both adverbs converge and diverge at different points along the history of Italian and Spanish. Both adverbs inherited the temporal values of late Latin tota via (‘always’) and developed adversative values when reanalysed as connectives in some contexts where contemporary events could be reinterpreted as opposing one to another, However, It. tuttavia went further down this path of grammaticalization and lost its temporal values, while Sp. todavía, due probably to the emergence of new adversative connectives in the 17th century such as sin embargo and no obstante, abandoned the adversative uses in the 18th century and consolidated the phasal temporal value developed since the 16th century. In present Italian, tuttavia is a discourse connective with an antioriented argumentative function and no continuative or phasal temporal value, while in present Spanish, todavía is a phasal temporal intrapredicative adverb. This study tries to highlight how the comparative approach adopted here enriches our knowledge on the history of Romance Languages and allows for a better understanding of non-linear grammaticalization processes.
Ven. schena / schina
Authors: Schweickard Wolfgang
Published: November 2019

The term schena / schina ‘measure of length in use in the field of cloth trade’ mainly appears in Venetian sources. The meaning derives from the special terminology of cloth manufacturing, where schena / schina refer to the centre of the surface of the cloth and to its central vertical fold. So far the etymology has not yet been explicitly and convincingly explained. In consideration of the material history of cloth production, the respective terminology, the equivalents in other languages and the forms of the word (schena, schina, schiena, ischiena), however, there is no doubt that the Venetian group has the same origin as It. schiena ‘back’.
Unimodal and Bimodal Access to Sensory Working Memories by Auditory and Visual Impulses
Authors: Wolff Michael J. , Kandemir Güven , Stokes Mark G. , Akyürek Elkan G.
Published: November 2019

It is unclear to what extent sensory processing areas are involved in the maintenance of sensory information in working memory (WM). Previous studies have thus far relied on finding neural activity in the corresponding sensory cortices, neglecting potential activity-silent mechanisms, such as connectivity-dependent encoding. It has recently been found that visual stimulation during visual WM maintenance reveals WM-dependent changes through a bottom-up neural response. Here, we test whether this impulse response is uniquely visual and sensory-specific. Human participants (both sexes) completed visual and auditory WM tasks while electroencephalography was recorded. During the maintenance period, the WM network was perturbed serially with fixed and task-neutral auditory and visual stimuli. We show that a neutral auditory impulse-stimulus presented during the maintenance of a pure tone resulted in a WM-dependent neural response, providing evidence for the auditory counterpart to the visual WM findings reported previously. Interestingly, visual stimulation also resulted in an auditory WM-dependent impulse response, implicating the visual cortex in the maintenance of auditory information, either directly or indirectly, as a pathway to the neural auditory WM representations elsewhere. In contrast, during visual WM maintenance, only the impulse response to visual stimulation was content-specific, suggesting that visual information is maintained in a sensory-specific neural network, separated from auditory processing areas.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWorking memory is a crucial component of intelligent, adaptive behavior. Our understanding of the neural mechanisms that support it has recently shifted: rather than being dependent on an unbroken chain of neural activity, working memory may rely on transient changes in neuronal connectivity, which can be maintained efficiently in activity-silent brain states. Previous work using a visual impulse stimulus to perturb the memory network has implicated such silent states in the retention of line orientations in visual working memory. Here, we show that auditory working memory similarly retains auditory information. We also observed a sensory-specific impulse response in visual working memory, while auditory memory responded bimodally to both visual and auditory impulses, possibly reflecting visual dominance of working memory.
Modification of Synaptic-Input Clustering by Intrinsic Excitability Plasticity on Cerebellar Purkinje Cell Dendrites
Authors: Ohtsuki Gen
Published: November 2019

The role of dendrites in the integration of widespread synaptic activity has been studied in experiments and theories (Johnston et al., 1996; Magee, 2007). However, whether the conduction of synaptic currents from dendrites to the soma depends on excitability of those dendritic branches is unclear. How modulation of the branch excitability affects the conduction of synaptic inputs and their selection on dendrites is also elusive. Here, I performed simultaneous voltage-clamp recordings from the soma and dendrites of single cerebellar Purkinje neurons in male Sprague-Dawley rats and analyzed the relationship between spontaneous EPSCs on both sides. I found that EPSCs on distal dendrites have a salient discordance in amplitude compared with those on the soma. Furthermore, individual ratios of the EPSC concurrently recorded on the soma and dendrites were not unique, but discrete, suggesting the occurrence of various attenuations in different paths of dendritic branches to the soma. The obtained data and simulations indicate several distinct groups (4.5 ± 0.3,n= 22 somatodendritic recordings) of co-occurred synaptic inputs in Purkinje cell dendrites. This clustering of synaptic currents was suggested to emerge at farther distances than the secondary bifurcations. Finally, ratios of the co-EPSCs were uniformly distributed after either intrinsic plasticity induction or SK-channel blockade. Overall, results suggest that in Purkinje cells the excitability along the dendrite processes modulates the conduction of EPSCs and makes active inputs heterogeneous through SK channel activity, intrinsic plasticity, and dendritic branching. These properties of dendrites may confer branch-specific computational power to neurons.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTI have previously studied the “non-synaptic” plasticity of the intrinsic excitability in the cerebellar Purkinje cells (Belmeguenai et al., 2010), and branch-specific increase of intrinsic excitability of the dendrites (Ohtsuki et al., 2012b; Ohtsuki and Hansel, 2018) through the downregulation of SK (small conductance Ca2+-activated K+) channels. In this study, I show that a dendritic filtering of synaptic electroconductivity is heterogeneous among the branches on distal dendrites and that the increase in the dendritic excitability accompanied with the intrinsic plasticity alters a state with the heterogeneity to a globally excitable state in Purkinje neurons. My findings propose a new learning model relying on the intrinsic excitability plasticity of the dendritic branch fields.
Addressing the Social Determinants of Health
Authors: Satya-Murti Saty , Gutierrez Jennifer
Published: November 2019

The Los Angeles Plaza Community Center (PCC), an early twentieth-century Los Angeles community center and clinic, published El Mexicano, a quarterly newsletter, from 1913 to 1925. The newsletter’s reports reveal how the PCC combined walk-in medical visits with broader efforts to address the overall wellness of its attendees. Available records, some with occasional clinical details, reveal the general spectrum of illnesses treated over a twelve-year span. Placed in today’s context, the medical care given at this center was simple and minimal. The social support it provided, however, was multifaceted. The center’s caring extended beyond providing medical attention to helping with education, nutrition, employment, transportation, and moral support. Thus, the social determinants of health (SDH), a prominent concern of present-day public health, was a concept already realized and practiced by these early twentieth-century Los Angeles Plaza community leaders. Such practices, although not yet nominally identified as SDH, had their beginnings in the late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century social activism movement aiming to mitigate the social ills and inequities of emerging industrial nations. The PCC was one of the pioneers in this effort. Its concerns and successes in this area were sophisticated enough to be comparable to our current intentions and aspirations.
Propuesta metodológica para la integración de la extensión en la docencia: sistematización de una experiencia en la carrera de Turismo en la Sede Regional Chorotega, Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica
Authors: Lezcano Calderón Sandra
Published: November 2019

Resumen. El trabajo es el resultado de la sistematización de una experiencia desarrollada por tres años, articulando tres cursos del tercer nivel de la carrera de Gestión Empresarial del Turismo y uno de la carrera de Ingeniería en Sistemas de Información, a través de los cuales los estudiantes pusieron en práctica lo visto desde la docencia y desarrollaron criticidad como futuros profesionales, pero también contribuyeron en el desarrollo de capacidades en los miembros de dichas organizaciones. El objetivo del trabajo es proponer una metodología que permita a los estudiantes realizar extensión desde la docencia.