bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Medication errors among health professionals in Nigeria: A national survey
Authors: Ogunleye Olayinka O. , Oreagba Ibrahim A. , Falade Catherine , Isah Ambrose , Enwere Okezie , Olayemi Sunday , Ogundele Sunday O. , Obiako Reginald , Odesanya Rachel , Bassi Peter , Obodo John , Kilani Jelili , Ekoja Mathew
Published: August 2016

BACKGROUND: Medication errors are preventable causes of patient harm with significant contributions to adverse drug events but they remain understudied in Nigeria.

OBJECTIVES: To estimate the prevalence of self-reported medication errors among health professionals and examine their knowledge of medication errors with the hope of identifying appropriate measures to promote medication safety.

METHODS: A cross sectional survey among doctors, pharmacists and nurses in 10 tertiary hospitals. Information was obtained using a self-administered structured questionnaire. Correct responses evaluating the knowledge of prescription, dispensing and administration errors were scored one mark each and the composite scores computed. Appropriate statistics were applied to summarize and establish the relationship between variables at 5% level of significance using SPSS 17.0.

RESULTS: A total of 2,386 professionals participated in the study (46.3% nurses, 44.9% doctors, 8.8% pharmacists).The prevalence of self-reported medication errors was 47%.

The professional groups differ in their knowledge of all the aspects of medication errors with professional cadres influencing knowledge.

Overwork was the most reason for being error prone (59.2%) and only 35.5% had ever reported medication error. 33.4% did not think reporting was necessary.

CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of medication errors is high among health care professionals in Nigeria. Knowledge gaps and practice deficiencies were identified requiring interventions.
Serum zinc status of neonates with seizure
Authors: Sharmeen Olia , Mollah Md. Abid Hossain , Rasbid Md. Hasanur , Quaraishi Shamshad B.
Published: August 2016

Background: Seizure is a common neurological disorder in neonatal age group!. Primary metabolic derangement is one of the important reason behind this convulsion during this period. Among primary metabolic derangement hypoglycemia, is most common followed by bypocalcaemia, hypomagnesaemia, low zinc status etc. As causes of many cases of convul­sion remain unknown in neonate. Objectives: To see the zinc status in the sera of neonate with convulsion. So that if needed early intervention can be taken up and thereby prevent complications. Method: A total of 50 neonates (1-28 days) who had convulsion with no apparent reasons of convulsion were enrolled as cases and 50 healthy age and sex matched neonates were enrolled as controls. After a quick clinical evaluation serum zinc status was estimated from venous blood by atomic absorption method in Chemistry Division, Atomic Energy Centre. Low zinc was considered if serum value was <0.7mg/L. Results: Among a total of 50 cases 6% had low zinc value & 2% of controls also had low zinc level. The mean serwu zinc level of cases and controls were 1.57±0.95 and 2.37±1.06 mmol/1 respectively (p<0.01). Conclusion: From the study it is seen that low zinc value is an important cause of neonatal seizure due to primary metabolic abnormalities. So early recognition and treatment could save these babies from long term neurological sequelies.
Reattachment of fractured anterior tooth fragment: An approach in endo esthetic view
Authors: Sultana Rafeza , Howlader Md. Mujibur Rahman , Alam Md. Shamsul , Moral Md. Ali Asgor
Published: August 2016

Esthetic rehabilitation of crown fractured anterior teeth is one of the greatest challenges to the dental specialists in concern of long-term biological function. Traditional views demonstrate limitations with much controversy in MICD (Minimally invasive cosmetic dentistry) concept. To meet the challenge a new biological approach in endo esthetic view is considered. This case report represents the management of a fractured right maxillary central incisor tooth of 27 year-old-male patient where his own fractured tooth fragment restored by reattachment technique. The clinical examination revealed complicated crown fracture extended horizontally from mesial to distal and angulated incisally from palatal to labial with pulp exposure. The fracture was not evident labially. In this case, the procedure was used to repair the fracture tooth fragment included root canal treatment and glass fiber post for reinforcement. The tooth fragment was luted with light activated flowable composite resin.  Onward assessment showed a stable reattachment, good esthetic and function with healthy periodontium.
Unexplained recurrent hematuria and clot retention following transurethral resection of the prostate
Authors: Khairuzzaman Mohammad , Biswas Provat Chandra , Islam Md. Saiful , Ali S. M. Yunus , Islam Mohammed Rafiqul , Hasan Md. Sajid
Published: August 2016

Severe hemorrhage following a prostatectomy is a rare and serious complication. A 60-year-old male with recurrent hematuria and clot retention following transurethral resection of the prostate  (TURP) which led to anemia presented at our department and was treated with repeated clot evacuation and fulguration and lastly re-resection and fulguration succeed to stop bleeding. At 18 months follow-up, the patient had recovered well. We concluded that re-resection and fulguration on fresh tissue without opening the venous sinusoids should be considered as one of the effective treatment of choice in recurrent hemorrhage following TURP.
Bardet-Biedl syndrome
Authors: Haque Mujammel , Alam Md. Fakhrul , Begum Suraiya , Rahman Shahana A.
Published: August 2016

The Bardet-Biedl syndrome is a rare genetically heterogeneous, autosomal recessive inherited disorder with wide variability in expression. It presents with varied clinical manifestations like retinitis pigmentosa, polydactyly, central obesity, mental retardation and renal dysfunction. Other rare manifestations include diabetes mellitus, heart disease, hepatic fibrosis and neurological manifestations. Mutations in 16 genes have been identified as causative factors. We, here, have presented a 12 year old male patient exhibiting characteristic features of Bardet Biedl syndrome.
Clinicopathological pattern and risk factors of carcinoma breast in younger age group
Authors: Sharmin Sadia , Alam Sarwar , Bhuiyan Md. Zillur Rahman , Mollah Md. Nazir Uddin , Mamun-Or-Rasheed Md.
Published: August 2016

Worldwide, breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed life-threatening cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among women. Approximately 7% of all breast cancers are diagnosed in women <40 years of age. Young age at diagnosis influences prognosis negatively as they present with more advanced disease at diagnosis and a poorer 5-year survival than older patients. The present study includes breast cancer patients in the age group of 18 to 40 years to enrich our knowledge about clinical presentation and pathological characteristics of breast cancer. To find out the clinical presentation and pathological characteristics of breast cancer among the young age group.  This cross-sectional study was done over 100 cases of histopathologically proven breast cancer from structured Questionnaire was used as data collection tool. Mean age was 33.89 years. Among the respondents 88% are married. Among the total studied population 61 respondents had the history of oral contraceptive pill use. Family history of cancer presents in 13.0% respondents and absent in 87.0% respondents. Among the respondents 95% patients presented with lump in the breast. 97.0% had invasive carcinoma 90% were invasive ductal carcinoma in which 46.0% were moderately differentiated. 51.0% patients were in the stage IIa and stage IIb.
The Symbiotic Food System: An ‘Alternative’ Agri-Food System Already Working at Scale
Authors: Wegerif Marc , Hebinck Paul
Published: August 2016

This article is an analysis of the agri-food system that feeds most of the over four million residents of the fast growing city of Dar es Salaam in Tanzania. It is based on qualitative research that has traced the sources of some important foods from urban eaters back through retailers, processors and transporters to the primary producers. Particular attention is given to the functioning of the market places and how new actors enter into the food system. These reveal that more important to the system than competition are various forms of collaboration. Of particular interest is how a wide range of small-scale and interdependent actors produce the food and get it to urban eaters at a city feeding scale without large vertically- or horizontally-integrated corporate structures. This “symbiotic food system” is an existing alternative to the corporate-dominated agri-business food system; it can and does deliver at scale and in a way that better responds to the needs of people in poverty who are buying food and the interests of food producers. It is not perfect in Dar es Salaam, but the food system is working and is a model that should be built on.
The Positive Effects of Hydrophobic Fluoropolymers on the Electrical Properties of MoS2 Transistors
Authors: Rahimi Somayyeh , Ghosh Rudresh , Kim Seohee , Dodabalapur Ananth , Banerjee Sanjay , Akinwande Deji
Published: August 2016

We report the improvement of the electrical performance of field effect transistors (FETs) fabricated on monolayer chemical vapor deposited (CVD) MoS2, by applying an interacting fluoropolymer capping layer (Teflon-AF). The electrical characterizations of more than 60 FETs, after applying Teflon-AF cap, show significant improvement of the device properties and reduced device to device variation. The improvement includes: 50% reduction of the average gate hysteresis, 30% reduction of the subthreshold swing and about an order of magnitude increase of the current on-off ratio. These favorable changes in device performance are attributed to the reduced exposure of MoS2 channels to the adsorbates in the ambient which can be explained by the polar nature of Teflon-AF cap. A positive shift in the threshold voltage of all the measured FETs is observed, which translates to the more desirable enhancement mode transistor characteristics.
Importance of Gaseous Elemental Mercury Fluxes in Western Maryland
Authors: Castro Mark , Moore Christopher
Published: August 2016

The purpose of this study was to increase our understanding of the gaseous elemental mercury (GEM, Hg°) fluxes between the atmosphere and soils. Moreover, we wanted to quantify the annual GEM flux, identify the controls, and compare the GEM flux to annual rates of gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM) dry deposition and wet deposition of total mercury. We measured GEM fluxes using the modified Bowen ratio (MBR) technique from 6 July 2009 to 6 July 2010 in western Maryland. The annual hourly mean (±std. dev.) GEM flux was −0.63 ± 31.0 ng·m−2·h−1. Hourly mean GEM fluxes were not strongly correlated with atmospheric trace gases, aerosols, or meteorology. However, hourly mean GEM emissions (15.3 ± 27.9 ng·m−2·h−1) and deposition (−14.6 ± 26.6 ng·m−2·h−1) were correlated with ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B), wind speed (WS), ozone (O3), and relative humidity (RH). The annual net GEM flux was −3.33 µg· m−2·year−1 and was similar to the annual dry deposition rate of GOM (2.5 to 3.2 µg·m−2·year−1), and 40% less than the annual mean wet deposition (8 µg·m−2·year−1) of total mercury. Thus, dry deposition of GEM accounted for approximately 25% of the total annual mercury deposition (~14 ug·m−2·year−1) measured at our study site.
Distribution Entropy Boosted VLAD for Image Retrieval
Authors: Zhou Qiuzhan , Wang Cheng , Liu Pingping , Li Qingliang , Wang Yeran , Chen Shuozhang
Published: August 2016

Several recent works have shown that aggregating local descriptors to generate global image representation results in great efficiency for retrieval and classification tasks. The most popular method following this approach is VLAD (Vector of Locally Aggregated Descriptors). We present a novel image presentation called Distribution Entropy Boosted VLAD (EVLAD), which extends the original vector of locally aggregated descriptors. The original VLAD adopts only residuals to depict the distribution information of every visual word and neglects other statistical clues, so its discriminative power is limited. To address this issue, this paper proposes the use of the distribution entropy of each cluster as supplementary information to enhance the search accuracy. To fuse two feature sources organically, two fusion methods after a new normalization stage meeting power law are also investigated, which generate identically sized and double-sized vectors as the original VLAD. We validate our approach in image retrieval and image classification experiments. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm.
The Relationships between Human Fatigue and Public Health: A Brief Commentary on Selected Papers from the 9th International Conference on Managing Fatigue in Transportation, Resources and Health
Authors: Sargent Charli , Roberts Paul , Dawson Drew , Ferguson Sally , Meuleners Lynn , Brook Libby , Roach Gregory
Published: August 2016

The 9th International Conference on Managing Fatigue in Transportation, Resources and Health was held in Fremantle, Western Australia in March 2015. The purpose of the conferences in this series is to provide a forum for industry representatives, regulators, and scientists to discuss recent advances in the field of fatigue research. We have produced a Special Issue of the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health based on papers from the conference that were focused on various aspects of public health. First, the Special Issue highlights the fact that working long shifts and/or night shifts can affect not only cognitive functioning, but also physical health. In particular, three papers examined the potential relationships between shiftwork and different aspects of health, including the cardiovascular system, sleep disordered breathing, and eating behaviour. Second, the Special Issue highlights the move away from controlling fatigue through prescriptive hours of service rules and toward the application of risk management principles. In particular, three papers indicated that best-practice fatigue risk management systems should contain multiple redundant layers of defense against fatigue-related errors and accidents.
Sizing of SRAM Cell with Voltage Biasing Techniques for Reliability Enhancement of Memory and PUF Functions
Authors: Chang Chip-Hong , Liu Chao , Zhang Le , Kong Zhi
Published: August 2016

Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) has recently been developed into a physical unclonable function (PUF) for generating chip-unique signatures for hardware cryptography. The most compelling issue in designing a good SRAM-based PUF (SPUF) is that while maximizing the mismatches between the transistors in the cross-coupled inverters improves the quality of the SPUF, this ironically also gives rise to increased memory read/write failures. For this reason, the memory cells of existing SPUFs cannot be reused as storage elements, which increases the overheads of cryptographic system where long signatures and high-density storage are both required. This paper presents a novel design methodology for dual-mode SRAM cell optimization. The design conflicts are resolved by using word-line voltage modulation, dynamic voltage scaling, negative bit-line and adaptive body bias techniques to compensate for reliability degradation due to transistor downsizing. The augmented circuit-level techniques expand the design space to achieve a good solution to fulfill several otherwise contradicting key design qualities for both modes of operation, as evinced by our statistical analysis and simulation results based on complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) 45 nm bulk Predictive Technology Model.
Formation and Entrapment of Tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum from 8-Hydroxyquinoline in Anodic Porous Alumina
Authors: Yamaguchi Shohei , Matsui Kazunori
Published: August 2016

The formation and entrapment of tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum (Alq3) molecules on the surface of anodic porous alumina (APA) immersed in an ethanol solution of 8-hydroxyquinoline (HQ) were investigated by absorption, fluorescence, and Raman spectroscopies. The effects of the selected APA preparation conditions (galvanostatic or potentiostatic anodization method, anodizing current and voltage values, one- or two-step anodizing process, and sulfuric acid electrolyte concentration) on the adsorption and desorption of Alq3 species were examined. Among the listed parameters, sulfuric acid concentration was the most important factor in determining the Alq3 adsorption characteristics. The Alq3 content measured after desorption under galvanostatic conditions was 2.5 times larger than that obtained under potentiostatic ones, regardless of the adsorbed quantities. The obtained results suggest the existence of at least two types of adsorption sites on the APA surface characterized by different magnitudes of the Alq3 bonding strength. The related fluorescence spectra contained two peaks at wavelengths of 480 and 505 nm, which could be attributed to isolated Alq3 species inside nanovoids and aggregated Alq3 clusters in the pores of APA, respectively. The former species were attached to the adsorption sites with higher binding energies, whereas the latter ones were bound to the APA surface more weakly. Similar results were obtained for the Alq3 species formed from the HQ solution, which quantitatively exceeded the number of the Alq3 species adsorbed from the Alq3 solution. Alq3 molecules were formed in the HQ solution during the reaction of HQ molecules with the Al3+ ions in the oxide dissolution zone near the oxide/electrolyte interface through the cracks and the Al3+ ions adsorbed on surface of pore and cracks. In addition, it was suggested that HQ molecules could penetrate the nanovoids more easily than Alq3 species because of their smaller sizes, which resulted in higher magnitudes of the adsorption.
Low–Threshold and High Intensity Random Lasing Enhanced by MnCl2
Authors: Shang Zhenzhen , Yang Mingchao , Deng Luogen
Published: August 2016

Energy transfer is known to have a significant influence on random lasers. However, the study about the effect of energy transfer between metallic salt and dye molecules on random lasers is still lacking at present. Here, we investigate random lasing actions in Pyrromethene-597 (PM597), PM597-doped MnCl2 (manganese (II) chloride), PM597-doped polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) and PM597-doped PDLC with MnCl2 capillary systems. We find that random lasing of the systems with MnCl2 exhibits lower threshold, higher intensity, sharper peak and variable resonance wavelength in comparison with the systems without MnCl2. This behavior is closely related to the decrease of fluorescence quenching effect and the enhancement of local field induced by energy transfer between MnCl2 and PM597. Red-shift of wavelength is observed with increasing dosage concentration of MnCl2 in the PM597-doped PDLC with MnCl2 system. Through the analysis of single-shot emission spectra of PM597-doped PDLC without and with MnCl2 systems, the role of MnCl2 in the coupling of lasing modes is confirmed. Lengths of laser oscillation cavities of the PM597-doped PDLC without and with MnCl2 systems are calculated by a power Fourier transform (PFT) analysis of their emission spectra. It well accounts for the effect of MnCl2 on the variation of the oscillation cavity.
Fuzzy Grey Prediction-Based Particle Filter for Object Tracking
Authors: Yang Lian , Lu Zhangping
Published: August 2016

A particle filter is a powerful tool for object tracking based on sequential Monte Carlo methods under a Bayesian estimation framework. A major challenge for a particle filter in object tracking is how to allocate particles to a high-probability density area. A particle filter does not take into account the historical prior information on the generation of the proposal distribution and, thus, it cannot approximate posterior density well. Therefore, a new fuzzy grey prediction-based particle filter (called FuzzyGP-PF) for object tracking is proposed in this paper. First, a new prediction model which was based on fuzzy mathematics theory and grey system theory was established, coined the Fuzzy-Grey-Prediction (FGP) model. Then, the history state sequence is utilized as prior information to predict and sample a part of particles for generating the proposal distribution in the particle filter. Simulations are conducted in the context of two typical maneuvering motion scenarios and the results indicate that the proposed FuzzyGP-PF algorithm can exhibit better overall performance in object tracking.
DNA Three Way Junction Core Decorated with Amino Acids-Like Residues-Synthesis and Characterization
Authors: Addamiano Claudia , Gerland Béatrice , Payrastre Corinne , Escudier Jean-Marc
Published: August 2016

Construction and physico-chemical behavior of DNA three way junction (3WJ) functionalized by protein-like residues (imidazole, alcohol and carboxylic acid) at unpaired positions at the core is described. One 5′-C(S)-propargyl-thymidine nucleotide was specifically incorporated on each strand to react through a post synthetic CuACC reaction with either protected imidazolyl-, hydroxyl- or carboxyl-azide. Structural impacts of 5′-C(S)-functionalization were investigated to evaluate how 3WJ flexibility/stability is affected.
Inverter Circuits Using ZnO Nanoparticle Based Thin-Film Transistors for Flexible Electronic Applications
Authors: Vidor Fábio , Meyers Thorsten , Hilleringmann Ulrich
Published: August 2016

Innovative systems exploring the flexibility and the transparency of modern semiconducting materials are being widely researched by the scientific community and by several companies. For a low-cost production and large surface area applications, thin-film transistors (TFTs) are the key elements driving the system currents. In order to maintain a cost efficient integration process, solution based materials are used as they show an outstanding tradeoff between cost and system complexity. In this paper, we discuss the integration process of ZnO nanoparticle TFTs using a high-k resin as gate dielectric. The performance in dependence on the transistor structure has been investigated, and inverted staggered setups depict an improved performance over the coplanar device increasing both the field-effect mobility and the ION/IOFF ratio. Aiming at the evaluation of the TFT characteristics for digital circuit applications, inverter circuits using a load TFT in the pull-up network and an active TFT in the pull-down network were integrated. The inverters show reasonable switching characteristics and V/V gains. Conjointly, the influence of the geometry ratio and the supply voltage on the devices have been analyzed. Moreover, as all integration steps are suitable to polymeric templates, the fabrication process is fully compatible to flexible substrates.
Evaluation of Thermally Induced Degradation of Branched Polypropylene by Using Rheology and Different Constitutive Equations
Authors: Drabek Jiri , Zatloukal Martin
Published: August 2016

In this work, virgin as well as thermally degraded branched polypropylenes were investigated by using rotational and Sentmanat extensional rheometers, gel permeation chromatography and different constitutive equations. Based on the obtained experimental data and theoretical analysis, it has been found that even if both chain scission and branching takes place during thermal degradation of the tested polypropylene, the melt strength (quantified via the level of extensional strain hardening) can increase at short degradation times. It was found that constitutive equations such as Generalized Newtonian law, modified White-Metzner model, Yao and Extended Yao models have the capability to describe and interpret the measured steady-state rheological data of the virgin as well as thermally degraded branched polypropylenes. Specific attention has been paid to understanding molecular changes during thermal degradation of branched polypropylene by using physical parameters of utilized constitutive equations.
Degradation of Non-Photosynthetic Vegetation in a Semi-Arid Rangeland
Authors: Jackson Hasan , Prince Stephen
Published: August 2016

Land degradation in drylands is the process in which undesirable conditions emerge due to human and natural causes. Despite the particularly deleterious effects of degradation, and it’s potentially irreversible nature, regional assessments have provided conflicting extents, rates, and severities of degradation, both globally and regionally. Current monitoring of degradation relies upon the detection of green, photosynthetically active parts of vegetation (e.g., leaves). Less is known, however, about the effect of degradation on the non-photosynthetic components of vegetation (e.g., wood, stems, leaf litter) and the relationship between photosynthetic vegetation (PV), non-photosynthetic vegetation (NPV), and bare soil under degraded conditions (BS). The major objective of the study was to evaluate regional patterns of fractional cover (i.e., PV, NPV, BS) under degraded and non-degraded NPP conditions in a managed rangeland in north Queensland, Australia. Homogenous environmental conditions were identified and each of NPP, PV, NPV, and BS were scaled according to their potential, reference values. We found a strong spatial and temporal correlation between scaled NPP with both scaled PV and scaled BS. Drastic differences were also found for PV and BS between degraded and non-degraded conditions. NPV displayed similarity to both PV and BS, however no clear relationship was found for NPV in all areas, irrespective of degradation conditions.
Sensitive Bioanalysis Based on in-Situ Droplet Anodic Stripping Voltammetric Detection of CdS Quantum Dots Label after Enhanced Cathodic Preconcentration
Authors: Qin Xiaoli , Wang Linchun , Xie Qingji
Published: August 2016

We report a protocol of CdS-labeled sandwich-type amperometric bioanalysis with high sensitivity, on the basis of simultaneous chemical-dissolution/cathodic-enrichment of the CdS quantum dot biolabel and anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) detection of Cd directly on the bioelectrode. We added a microliter droplet of 0.1 M aqueous HNO3 to dissolve CdS on the bioelectrode and simultaneously achieved the potentiostatic cathodic preconcentration of Cd by starting the potentiostatic operation before HNO3 addition, which can largely increase the ASV signal. Our protocol was used for immunoanalysis and aptamer-based bioanalysis of several proteins, giving limits of detection of 4.5 fg·mL−1 for human immunoglobulin G, 3.0 fg·mL−1 for human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), 4.9 fg·mL−1 for human α-fetoprotein (AFP), and 0.9 fM for thrombin, which are better than many reported results. The simultaneous and sensitive analysis of CEA and AFP at two screen-printed carbon electrodes was also conducted by our protocol.
Rural Villagers’ Quality of Life Improvement by Economic Self-Reliance Practices and Trust in the Philosophy of Sufficiency Economy
Authors: Janmaimool Piyapong , Denpaiboon Chaweewan
Published: August 2016

The concept of economic self-reliance, widely known by Thai people as the philosophy of sufficiency economy, has been widely promoted in rural Thai societies. By practicing this philosophy, it is expected that the citizens’ quality of life and local environments could be sustainably improved. This study aims to explore the contribution of the community practices of the sufficiency economy philosophy to rural villagers’ quality of life improvement, and to investigate potential factors that determine the trust of villagers in the philosophy. With the purpose to propose strategies which could enhance trust and promote villagers’ practices of the philosophy, the study investigated influences of three relevant factors on trust towards the philosophy. Those factors included factors related to cognitive-based trust, factors related to emotional-based trust, and factors related to demographic characteristics. Questionnaire surveys and in-depth interviews with community leaders and local villagers were conducted in the Ban Jamrung community, in Thailand’s Rayong Province. The results of the statistical analysis revealed that the residents who applied the sufficiency economy philosophy in their daily lives experienced a relatively better quality of life. Additionally, it was found that trust in the philosophy could be predicted more by rational factors than by emotional factors. These findings could be utilized to develop strategies to maintain and enhance the trust of the people in the philosophy of sufficiency economy.
Contribution of Forest Restoration to Rural Livelihoods and Household Income in Indonesia
Authors: Widianingsih Nayu , Theilade Ida , Pouliot Mariève
Published: August 2016

Forest resources remain vital to the survival of many rural communities, though the level of forest reliance varies across a range of sites and socio-economic settings. This article investigates variation in forest utilization across households in three ethnic groups living near a forest restoration area in Sumatra, Indonesia. Survey data were collected on 268 households, with a four-month recall period and three repeat visits to each selected household within a year. Random sampling was applied to select households in five villages and five Batin Sembilan (indigenous) semi-nomadic groups. Sampled households belonged to three ethnic groups: 15% were Batin Sembilan, 40% Local Malayan, and 45% Immigrant households. Indigenous households displayed the highest reliance on forests: 36% of their annual total income came from this source, as compared with 10% and 8% for Local and Immigrant households, respectively. Our findings showed that the livelihoods of indigenous groups were still intricately linked with forest resources, despite a rapid landscape-wide transition from natural forest to oil palm and timber plantations.
Dietary Administration of Olive Mill Wastewater Extract Reduces Campylobacter spp. Prevalence in Broiler Chickens
Authors: Branciari Raffaella , Ranucci David , Ortenzi Roberta , Roila Rossana , Trabalza-Marinucci Massimo , Servili Maurizio , Papa Paola , Galarini Roberta , Valiani Andrea
Published: August 2016

Food wastes are sources of compounds that can be used as natural additives in the food and feed industry. The olive oil industry produces two main wastes: aqueous waste (olive mill wastewater) and solid waste (pomace or olive cake). These by-products are rich in phenols, which are antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds able to inhibit or delay the growth of several bacteria in vitro. The dietary effect of both olive mill wastewater polyphenolic extract (OMWPE) and dehydrated olive cake (DOC) on the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in broiler chickens was investigated. A commercial basal diet was supplemented with either OMWPE- or DOC-enriched maize at two dosages (low: 16%; high: 33%). The prevalence of Campylobacter spp. shedding was evaluated at 21, 35, and 49 days of age. The prevalence of Campylobacter spp. differed among groups only at 49 days of age. Both OMWPE groups showed a lower (p < 0.05) prevalence compared to the control group. The odds ratio evaluation showed that the higher dose of OMWPE reduced the possibility of shedding 11-fold compared to the control group (p < 0.001). These results highlight the potential use of olive by-products against Campylobacter spp. in poultry.
Performance of Four Full-Scale Artificially Aerated Horizontal Flow Constructed Wetlands for Domestic Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Butterworth Eleanor , Richards Andrew , Jones Mark , Mansi Gabriella , Ranieri Ezio , Dotro Gabriela , Jefferson Bruce
Published: August 2016

A comparison of the performance of four full-scale aerated horizontal flow constructed wetlands was conducted to determine the efficacy of the technology on sites receiving high and variable ammonia loading rates not yet reported in the literature. Performance was assessed in terms of ammonia and solids removal, hydraulic conductivity and mixing patterns. The capability of systems to produce ammonium effluent concentrations <3 mgNH4+-N/L was observed across all sites in systems receiving variable loadings between 0.1 and 13.0 gNH4+-N/m2/d. Potential resilience issues were observed in relation to response to spike loadings posited to be due to an insufficient nitrifying population within the beds. Hydraulic conductivity and flow mixing patterns observed suggested deterioration of the reactor effective volume over time. Overall, the study demonstrates the efficacy of the technology where ammonium removal is required on small sites receiving high and variable flow rates, with adequate removal of organics and solids, but no significant benefit to the long term hydraulics of the system.
Roadblocks in the Grammaticalization Highway: When Phonology Gets in the Way
Authors: McDonnell Bradley
Published: August 2016

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt:In light of recent proposals that question the unidirectionality of grammaticalization and the necessity of phonetic erosion (or more broadly autonomy), the third person pronominal suffix -nye in Besemah, a little-known Malay language of southwest Sumatra, presents an interesting puzzle. In the majority of constructions -nye attaches directly to the root and has undergone phonetic erosion (i.e., -nye > -e): anak-nye > anak-e ‘their child’. In deverbal noun constructions suffixed with -an, or circumfixed with peN- -an, however, the -nye is separated from the root and surfaces as a separate phonological word (i.e., -nye > anye): langkah-an-nye > langkah-an anye ‘his stride’ (from the root langkah ‘to step’). One might expect that the most phonetically robust and prosodically independent form (anye) is the oldest, but there is strong evidence going back to Proto-Austronesian that it is not. Therefore, what do we make of a case where a suffix by all other accounts is grammaticalizing, but in some constructions is phonetically strengthened and phonologically less bound (i.e., suffix > word)? Arguably, such a case should be added to the growing list of examples of degrammaticalization because -nye is apparently climbing up the cline. However, what is more interesting than this taxonomy is determining the conditions, pressures, and/or motivations by which this change emerged. It turns out that this unexpected alternation between –e, –nye, and anye can be attributed to a morphophonological (or more specifically morpho-prosodic) preference in Besemah for no more than one suffix per word. This preference alongside restrictions on phonological words and routinization has resulted in a number of unusual patterns, most importantly the alternations resulting from the suffix -nye attaching to other suffixes.
The Curious Case of Archi’s FATHER
Authors: Moskal Beata
Published: August 2016

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt:The central goal of this paper is to account for the discrepancy between, on the one hand, regularly observed root-suppletion in lexical nouns in the context of number, and, on the other hand, the lack of root-suppletion in lexical nouns in the context of case. In particular, to explain the lack of case-driven root-suppletion, I draw on the structural representation of nouns and combine that with locality claims as proposed in the framework of Distributed Morphology (Halle and Marantz 1993).
Conteúdos implícitos em títulos de revistas semanais
Authors: Pacchi Filho Fernando Felício
Published: August 2016

Nas publicações jornalísticas, os títulos têm a função de apresentar ao leitor a informação mais importante e atrai-lo para a leitura. O título, nesta perspectiva, traz uma narratividade que deve conter o discurso da notícia em questão e deve ser levado em consideração no processo de leitura. No entanto, sabemos que a função de atrair o leitor não é obtida apenas pela importância da notícia ou do assunto. O jogo com os sentidos, o duplo sentido, a exploração de conteúdos implícitos são artifícios bastante usados por publicações jornalísticas, em especial as revistas semanais, nos títulos de reportagem. Não é arriscado dizer que muitos desses enunciados, além de seu conteúdo explícito, apresentam implicitação, processo que também direciona a interpretação. Neste artigo, buscamos num primeiro momento apresentar o funcionamento dos títulos jornalísticos e compreender como os conteúdos implícitos se inserem no processo de significação. Para tanto, adotamos para a análise de títulos extraídos das revistas semanais Veja e Época, a semântica histórica da enunciação, proposta por Guimarães (1995). 
Do fato à reportagem: o ambiente da tradução jornalística
Authors: Zipser Meta Elisabeth , Polchlopek Silvana Ayub
Published: August 2016

As últimas três décadas têm firmado os estudos da tradução como uma área independente no campo de pesquisas acadêmicas, possibilitando a integração de áreas distintas como a tradução e o jornalismo. É nessa arena de discussões que esse artigo se insere, colocando o jornalismo como um organizador de perfis culturais na sociedade e a tradução como a representação cultural de fatos noticiosos, especialmente quando as notícias transitam em ambiente internacional. Essa mobilidade resulta em deslocamentos de enfoque, configurando o jornalismo como a tradução do fato noticioso, ou seja, sua representação cultural (ZIPSER, 2002). Ancorado nas teorias de Christiane Nord (1991 - tradução) e Frank Esser (1998 - jornalismo), o artigo apresenta a interface Tradução-Jornalismo, consolidando o caráter interdisciplinar dos estudos tradutórios.
Marketing de Relacionamento como Estratégia de Comunicação e Fidelização de Clientes: um estudo de caso de uma clínica veterinária e pet shop em Curitiba
Authors: Robassa Bruna
Published: August 2016

O objetivo deste artigo é trazer uma abordagem do marketing de relacionamento focado no mercado veterinário. Para atingir esse objetivo, a metodologia adotada foi o estudo de caso aplicado a uma clínica veterinária e pet shop de Curitiba, localizada no Bairro Alto. Por meio do estudo, o presente trabalho pretende mostrar como funciona, na prática, a comunicação e o relacionamento do estabelecimento com seus públicos. O marketing de relacionamento é uma estratégia de extrema importância para a fidelização de clientes, tema que é abordado teoricamente por autores como Kotler, Peppers & Rogers, McKenna, Grunig e França. Atualmente, as clínicas e pet shops funcionam de forma equivalente às clínicas médicas, em que é preciso ter confiança no profissional e no serviço prestado. A empresa estudada pretende se consolidar como uma clínica veterinária tradicional na região em que atua, além de passar segurança para seus novos clientes e fidelizar, tanto clientes antigos, quanto novos. Para que isso seja possível, constatou-se que é preciso elaborar um programa de relacionamento focado em cada um dos públicos identificados por meio da técnica IDIP (identificar, diferenciar, interagir e personalizar) do marketing de relacionamento.
Análise da formação e da cultura organizacional em sindicatos e suas particularidades
Authors: Gonzalez Ana Carolina Bendlin
Published: August 2016

Este trabalho analisa a formação da cultura organizacional em sindicatos e suas particularidades. Aborda, inicialmente, as características dessas entidades no Brasil e depois as relaciona à teoria da cultura organizacional com base principalmente na obra de Edgar Schein. Ao final, propõe uma reflexão a respeito da possibilidade de existência de duas culturas no ambiente do sindicato: a própria cultura da organização sindical, que agrega diretoria e funcionários da entidade, e a cultura profissional, mais abrangente, e que envolve os demais associados da instituição.
Planejamento estratégico de comunicação organizacional para uma empresa de internet: o caso da plataforma Agenda Fácil
Authors: Bazzo Juliane , Domakoski Mariana Skroch , Arauz Ronald Adriano Peña
Published: August 2016

Este artigo apresenta o processo de elaboração do planejamento estratégico de comunicação organizacional desenvolvido no âmbito de uma consultoria para empresa de internet Agenda Fácil, que oferece uma plataforma de agendamento online de serviços. A partir desse caso prático, o trabalho busca discutir a metodologia de construção de planejamentos de comunicação organizacional e, de modo particular, a especificidade de realizá-los para empresas que nascem, crescem e operam exclusivamente pela internet. Parte-se do pressuposto de que o cenário de revolução tecnológica da atualidade desafia, com sua velocidade informacional, o ato de planejar, que se calca num esforço reflexivo calculado e não precipitado. A despeito disso, constata-se que o planejamento, enquanto ferramenta de ação, demonstra grande capacidade de adaptação contextual e perdura como instrumento ímpar para a realização de uma comunicação organizacional eficaz.
Teresa Filósofa: “filosofia” e erotismo na França
Authors: Costa Marcelo
Published: August 2016

Este artigo pretende demonstrar a importância das obras produzidas no século XVIII, na França, chamadas “filosóficas”, ou seja, publicações não-autorizadas que eram distribuídas por meio de contrabando e tinham um alto índice de leitores. Os livros “filosóficos” tratavam de erotismo, pornografia, anticlericalismo e criticavam o Antigo Regime. O foco deste texto é dado à obra “Thérèse philosophe ou mémoires pour servir à l’histoire du père Dirrag et de mademoiselle Eradice”, considerada por muitos como o maior clássico pornográfico da França setecentista, de autor desconhecido. A abordagem do livro revela-se precursora do discurso feminista do século XX, em que é requisitado à mulher o direito sobre seu corpo.
A face do agressor: estigmatização e invisibilidade social da juventude em notícias televisivas
Authors: André Hendryo , Somma Neto João
Published: August 2016

Fundamentado na concepção de que a TV é uma instituição influente na produção de sentidos, tanto no campo político quanto no cultural, o artigo apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa que lançou olhares sobre conteúdos noticiosos voltados à temática da segurança/violência, priorizando peças jornalísticas com foco na categoria social “juventude”. O trabalho foi delimitado em dois noticiários locais: o Paraná TV, do Grupo Paranaense de Comunicação, afiliado da Rede Globo no Paraná, e o Tribuna da Massa, da Rede Massa de Comunicação, emissora vinculada ao SBT. Com base nos conceitos sociológicos de “invisibilidade social” e “estigmatização”, o artigo apresenta o perfil social de grupos de agressores estigmatizados pelos telejornais a partir de um monitoramento desses produtos e, além disso, busca discorrer sobre aspectos da construção de estereótipos na relação entre juventude e violência, levando em consideração ainda atributos geográficos, étnicos e de ocupação profissional.
Processo de criação de websites: um estudo de caso di site IESAM
Authors: Fernandes Douglas , Villegas Greicy Marianne Lopes G. C.
Published: August 2016

Um site é o produto final de uma rede simbiótica de profissionais envolvidos no processo de criação. Deste modo, a pesquisa parte da análise do processo de criação, sob a visão da crítica genética, tendo como objeto de estudo o site do Instituto de Estudos Superiores da Amazônia (IESAM), no ano de 2012. Assim, iniciamos o trabalho pelo levantamento dos documentos do processo de criação do site selecionado para estudo. Entre esses documentos existem briefing, esboços de planejamentos, desenvolvimento de sites, arquivos digitais, entre outros. Com este estudo, constatou-se que o processo criativo do web site em questão não ocorreu de forma linear, pois permitiu o uso de mecanismos que proporcionam a legibilidade dos conteúdos a serem transmitidos por meio da composição da mensagem visual.
A cozinha ornamental: a construção do gosto por meio das representações midiáticas
Authors: Demozzi Sabrina , Gruner Clóvis
Published: August 2016

As práticas alimentares têm papel primordial na história e na cultura da alimentação. Assim como se observam mudanças e permanências nos hábitos e consumo de alimentos, também os fazeres e saberes passam por processos de transição. É interessante, portanto, analisar com base nos conceitos históricos como se delineia a construção de discursos sobre o cozinhar e a cozinha nas representações midiáticas, em especial, revistas brasileiras especializadas em períodos distintos. Investigamos, entre outros, como essas representações foram e são importantes para o processo de elaboração de identidades em torno do tema da alimentação. 
O jornalista Rubem Braga: animal político, correspondente de guerra
Authors: Zanella Daniel , De Oliveira Filha Elza Aparecida
Published: August 2016

Em mais de 60 anos de carreira, Rubem Braga redigiu aproximadamente 15 mil crônicas, parcialmente reunidas em diversas coletâneas e antologias. O presente artigo apresenta dois recortes específicos de sua vasta obra, entendendo que, apesar das idiossincrasias próprias da literatura e do jornalismo, estes são dois universos que se comunicam e, no caso específico de Braga, coexistem intensamente em um mesmo indivíduo, acima de tudo, e ao seu modo, jornalista. A partir da escolha de textos com visível poder informativo – capazes de elucidar as raízes conjuntas entre a crônica e o jornalismo e contribuírem para um melhor entendimento de Rubem Braga e seu valor jornalístico – o artigo trabalha com as facetas: Rubem Braga: Político, em que se analisa o seu envolvimento em alguns momentos históricos do país e as suas posições ideológicas como cronista e jornalista que presenciou os fatos, e Rubem Braga: Correspondente de Guerra, importante momento em que o autor cobre a Segunda Guerra Mundial. 
A DINÂMICA DE LEGITIMAÇÃO NAS ORGANIZAÇÕES JORNALÍSTICAS: ESTUDO DE CASO GAZETA DO POVO
Authors: Mira Ana Paula
Published: August 2016

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo estudar a dinâmica de legitimimação em organizações da mídia, especialmente no jornal Gazeta do Povo, do Estado do Paraná, no Brasil. Nosso objetivo é mostrar como a Gazeta do Povo enfrentou pressões institucionais ao longo de sua história como uma empresa. O principal objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar esse processo, para analisar as pressões sobre o ambiente da organização e para entender a resposta da empresa para esses problemas, além de procurar entender como se deu a dinâmica de legitimação. Na realização desta pesquisa, foram utilizados métodos qualitativos.
Higher Education Abroad
Authors: Arae Khalid , Haj-Yehia Kussai
Published: August 2016

Through an investigation tracing the historical origins and trends associated with the Palestinian Minority in Israel (PAMI), this chapter investigates why a large proportion of those students—33% in fact—now choose to study abroad. Data are drawn from official statistics, documents and representative studies of PAMI students' to thus enable the authors to identify key factors that hinder PAMI access to Higher Education (HE) in Israel. Limited access to HE in the State of Israel is a strong motivator for PAMI students studying abroad, as it provides greater opportunity to pursue HE. This chapter discusses the features of globalization that have led to the development of a highly competitive international academic market and the effect that this has had on PAMI students' choice of location for HE and also choice of chosen field of study.