bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From stress due to E-HRM practices towards the stress due to digital communication: conceptual framework of the problematic
Authors: Khaoula Mrs. SALMOUN , Khalid Pr. CHAFIK
Published: October 2019

This research was carried out in two phases: the first, the objective of the research was to examine the sources and consequences of stress when using E-HRM. The second: after the exploratory study, the objective of the research deviated towards the analysis of the stress due to digital communication given the requirements of the studied field. In the first phase, we highlighted the effect of stress induced by E-HRM on staff satisfaction and productivity, by proposing a conceptual model that explains this relationship (conceptual model of stress induced by E - HRM), this model is based on the transactional theory of stress (Lazarus 1966) and the 2011 tarafdar model, In order to answer the following research question: How can E- HRM -induced stress affect staff satisfaction and productivity? Subsequently we tried to identify the E-HRM stressors and to ensure the feasibility of the proposed model, through an exploratory study with three “3” companies of the sector (Aeronautics and automotive). Through this study we have moved to the second phase by redirecting the theme to internal digital communication, and reformulating the problematic to be: how the stress induced by digital communication can influence the productivity Staff? The next planning step will be a continuum of the exploratory study to refine the final model, and subsequently the empirical treatment that will examine the hypotheses from the data collected. During this stage, we will start from a theory and hypotheses, towards a quantitative study which will help us to answer our problematic and to confirm or invalidate our hypotheses.
Arterial Embolization in Large Uterine Fibroids : A 4-Year Single Center Experience
Authors: Çakır Volkan , Ballı Ömür
Published: October 2019

Purpose: Current knowledge concerning the use of uterine artery embolization (UAE) in large uterine fibroids is limited with the majority of studies being limited to case reports. The present retrospective study aimed to investigate the impact of UAE on symptoms and tumor size in symptomatic women with at least one large uterine fibroid.

Methods: 39 patients undergoing UAE for symptomatic large uterine fibroids (>5cm) were consecutively enrolled in this study. All patients underwent a detailed physical examination and contrast-enhanced pelvic MRI at 3, 6 and 12 months after the procedure.

Results: Compared to baseline values (7.8 ± 2.4 cm), the mean diameter of the fibroids significantly reduced at 3rd (5.5 ± 1.7 cm), 6th (4.2 ± 1.3 cm) and 12th (3.1 ± 0.6 cm) months follow-up (p<0.005 for each compared to baseline) implying a 60 % reduction in tumor size at 12 months compared to baseline measurements. At the end of the 12 months follow-up, complete necrosis of the fibroid was achieved in 88%, complete symptom resolution was achieved in 92%, and >50 % reduction in fibroid diameter was acquired in 87 % of the participants.

Conclusion: Uterine artery embolization provides 60 % reduction in fibroid volume and a 92 % improvement in fibroid-related symptoms in patients with large fibroids at the end of 12 months follow-up.
LEITURA E ESCRITA: CAMINHOS PARA O APRENDIZADO GEOGRÁFICO
Authors: Voss Mari Helen Weber , Roecker Miriane Buss , Ladwig Nilzo Ivo , Cunha Yasmine De Moura da , Marcelino Andréa Rabelo
Published: October 2019

Observações em sala de aula revelaram que o processo de ensino e aprendizagem está muito atrelado às aulas de repasse de informações sem resultados significativos. A partir desta constatação surgiu o desígnio de resgatar metodologias básicas para a educação com o objetivo de propor ações de ensino e aprendizagem baseados na leitura e escrita na disciplina de geografia. Para atender o objetivo utilizou-se uma abordagem bibliográfica com orientações sobre a prática de leitura e escrita e como essas orientações podem colaborar no aprendizado do estudante. Durante o desenvolvimento do estudo percebeu-se a importância dessas metodologias na educação dos estudantes. Foi quando surgiu a proposta de construir de um jornal, pois sua elaboração poderá contribuir para a formação de estudantes críticos e ativos em sociedade.
A PEREGRINAÇÃO EM BUSCA DA CASA
Authors: Silveira Bruno Da Silva da , Brognoli Maicol Oliveira , Gonçalves Teresinha Maria
Published: October 2019

Este artigo resulta de uma pesquisa sobre a questão da moradia em uma unidade de conjunto habitacional do programa “Minha Casa Minha Vida” da cidade de Criciúma/SC. A reflexão segue na linha da Psicologia Ambiental, da Filosofia e da Geografia Cultural. O objetivo foi entender o processo de busca da casa por meio do conceito de peregrinação, identificado durante as entrevistas. A amostra da pesquisa foi composta por 54 moradores. A pesquisa se deu pela abordagem qualitativa nas modalidades exploratória e explicativa no sentido de entender a dinâmica da busca pela casa própria. A pesquisa identificou que, na história de vida das pessoas, esteve presente um processo de peregrinação e a busca pelo lugar essencial entendido como casa, marcado por grandes sofrimentos e expectativas. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados foram a observação sistemática e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os achados da pesquisa foram: a casa do conjunto se caracteriza pelo conceito de casa biológica, o conjunto compõe a parte segregada da cidade, a maioria dos moradores estão em situação de trabalho precário, não há vida coletiva e as pessoas demonstraram descontentamento e falta de apropriação pela casa em que moram. Os peregrinos, em busca da casa, vieram de diversos lugares da cidade de Criciúma e de outros estados brasileiros.
Kinetics Modeling and Isotherms for Adsorption of Nitrate from Aqueous Solution by Wheat Straw
Authors: Ahmadpari Hedieh , Noghany Mohsen Eskafi , Ladez Behnam Rigi , Mehrparvar Babak , Momeni Saeed
Published: October 2019

Nitrate is a colorless, odorless chemical substance with a chemical formulation of NO3- and average mass of 62.0049 gr/ Mol. According to an announcement of the world health organization (WHO), the standard amount of Nitrate in potable water is at most 50 ml/ lit (based on nitrate). Nitrate enters into the body and is transformed to nitrite by digestive system’s bacteria, then enters to the circulatory system and oxides the exiting iron in Hemoglobin of blood which converts the iron capacity from 2 to 3. As a result of this process Hemoglobin is converted to Methemoglobin which has far more less capacity in oxygen delivery. Therefore, the tissues cannot receive sufficient oxygen and it causes a disease called “Methemoglobinemia”. The objective of this study was to investigate the nitrate removal using wheat straw and determining the adsorption isotherms and kinetics. In this study, nitrate solutions were prepared from potassium nitrate salt. The pH values of the solutions were adjusted by NaOH and HCl at a concentration of 0.1 molar. The pH of the solution was adjusted to different values (4 to 13). Kinetics models of Ho et al and Lagergren were used to describe the data. Isotherm models of Langmuir and Freundlich were used to describe the data. The results showed that the maximum capacity of wheat straw in nitrate adsorption occurred at pH=6 and contact time 140 minutes. Equilibrium models (Langmuir and Freundlich) and non-equilibrium (Ho et al and Lagergren) were used to investigate the adsorption process. Comparing the determination coefficients between measured data and obtained value from Ho’s model (R2= 0.97) and Lagergren model (R2= 0.91) showed that the Ho’s model describes experimental data better. Also, comparing the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm for nitrate adsorption by wheat straw showed that Freundlich isotherm (R2= 0.98) was more proper than Langmuir isotherm (R2= 0.83) in describing adsorption process.
A EXPANSÃO DA ESPACIALIDADE URBANA: onde está a área natural?
Authors: Oliveira Izes Regina de , Gonçalves Teresinha Maria
Published: October 2019

A integração das áreas naturais ao urbano potencializa as funções ecossistêmicas com melhoria nos fluxos das águas e na vida humana e natural. Com o mundo cada vez mais urbano, é limitante a proteção da biodiversidade e o manejo dos serviços ecossistêmicos. A relação entre espaço construído e espaço natural está cada vez mais distante. No histórico do crescimento das cidades, o presente artigo mostra que o mundo urbano altera gradativamente o uso da terra de agrícola para o assentamento de aglomerações urbanas e vias de acesso. Isso gera vazios urbanos e faz perder a dicotomia urbano-rural. O aumento previsto da expansão de cidades pequenas e médias até o ano 2030 exige estudos e propostas para supor menores impactos e revitalizar as interfaces entre o urbano e o rural. O crescimento disperso é real nas cidades e influencia na piora da qualidade de vida, de muitos, e na alteração climática, para todos, além de diminuir a quantidade e qualidade da água. Mais pessoas pressupõem mais impactos e mais água para sobreviver. A cidade de Criciúma, com um perímetro urbano quase na totalidade do seu território e grandes espaços vazios, continua a adensar-se segundo um padrão social segregacionista, desfavorecendo a qualidade de vida para os de menores recursos financeiros. A morfologia característica são os condomínios verticais classe “C” e “D” distantes do centro urbano e dos serviços e de outro lado os condomínios horizontais fechados de alta classe. O tratamento dos vazios urbanos e a integração entre o ambiente construído e o ambiente natural nas aglomerações poderão aumentar a biodiversidade na escala local e na escala biorregional e deixar a cidade mais resiliente para enfrentar as alterações climáticas.Palavras-chave: Ecologia urbana. Vazios urbanos. Cidade compacta.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL NA INCLUSÃO DE PESSOAS COM DEFICIÊNCIA
Authors: Justo Felipe Da Silva , Heckler Ivandro Rafael
Published: October 2019

Este artigo, originário dos questionamentos advindos da demanda universitária na Universidade Federal de Rio Grande (FURG), com base nos estudos promovidos pelo Núcleo de Estudos e Ações Inclusivas - NEAI, em conjunto com o Laboratório de Acessibilidade e Mobilidade Urbana - LAMU, objetiva tecer considerações sobre as legislações que orientam e regulam as construções de edificações, de uso particular ou público, assim como as obras públicas, vias públicas e espaços urbanos, no que concerne à inserção de aparatos inclusivos, permitida a sua fruição plena às pessoas com deficiência, observando que os avanços em legislações e o desenvolvimento de aparatos tecnológicos apenas alcançam parcela mínima do público a quem se destina. Nessa situação, destaca-se a ausência de uma proposta pautada em diálogos com a comunidade, com os usuários e usuárias das ferramentas assistivas, permitindo a construção de projetos, no qual se insere a educação ambiental, que poderá atuar na conexão dessas dicotomias, permitindo as percepções daqueles que fazem uso das ferramentas possam opinar, bem como seja estendido aos demais indivíduos da comunidade, o conhecimento necessário para compreender as dificuldades que a ausência da inclusão ocasiona na rotina das pessoas com deficiência. A educação ambiental possibilita difundir os conhecimentos específicos, publicizando e permitido que todos compreendam a importância de se pensar na inclusão, nos seus mais amplos aspectos.Palavras-chave: Acessibilidade. Crise urbana. Educação ambiental. Mobilidade urbana.
TENDÊNCIA DO AUMENTO DE CHUVAS E SUAS IMPLICAÇÕES NA ESTABILIDADE DE ENCOSTAS NO SUL DE SANTA CATARINA
Authors: Sant Ana William De Oliveira , Back Álvaro José
Published: October 2019

Extremos climáticos vêm sendo registrados frequentemente no Brasil e impactam no cotidiano econômico-ambiental. No Estado de Santa Catarina, o aumento dos totais de chuva implica diretamente em escorregamentos de encostas, inundações, perdas agrícolas, dentre outros problemas ambientais e urbanos ou até, perda de vidas. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar, com análise estatística, por meio de Regressão Linear e do teste Mann-Kendall, possíveis tendências ao aumento de chuvas para o sul catarinense. Os dados foram fornecidos pela estação meteorológica INMET-289, localizada na cidade de Urussanga, datados desde 01 de janeiro de 1950 até 31 de dezembro de 2016. Foram realizadas as análises de Regressão Linear e de Mann-Kendall, para cada série mensal. Como resultados, existem alguns meses em que há tendência de aumento de precipitação pluviométrica para o sul catarinense, com destaque para o quarto trimestre do ano e mesmo para as chuvas anuais. Observou-se no teste Mann-Kendall que, para a série anual, a tendência é significativa (p =0,0002), sendo a magnitude de 6,675 mm ano-1, o que corresponde a aumento de 66,7 mm de chuva por década. De fato, como haverá mais chuva para o sul catarinense, um solo saturado irá apresentar maior tensão cisalhante, ficando sujeito a escorregamentos.Palavras-chave: Mudanças climáticas. Aumento de precipitação. Desastres.
Влияние внутрискважинного компенсатора на падение напряжения в элементах электротехнического комплекса добывающей скважины
Authors: Копырин Владимир Анатольевич , Смирнов Олег Владимирович , Портнягин Алексей Леонидович , Хамитов Рустам Нуриманович
Published: October 2019

Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью определения требуемого напряжения на выходе питающего трансформатора с учетом компенсации реактивной мощности внутри скважины, с целью предотвращения аварийных ситуаций в процессе эксплуатации установок электроцентробежных насосов. Цель исследования: оценить изменение величины падения напряжения в токопроводящих элементах электротехнического комплекса установки электроцентробежного насоса для добычи нефти при использовании внутрискважинного компенсатора реактивной мощности. Объект исследования: электротехнический комплекс установок электроцентробежных насосов для добычи нефти. Методы. При разработке математической модели электротехнического комплекса погружной установки для добычи нефти использованы положения теоретических основ электротехники, корректные допущения при составлении математических моделей и компьютерное моделирование в программном пакете символьной математики Wolfram Mathematica. Результаты. Разработана схема замещения и математическая модель электротехнического комплекса установки электроцентробежных насосов с внутрискважинным компенсатором реактивной мощности. С помощью качественной векторной диаграммы напряжений и токов в ветвях и узлах схемы замещения показано распределение величин падений напряжений на элементах комплекса. Анализ векторной диаграммы показал, что внутрискважинный компенсатор уменьшает продольную и поперечную составляющие падения напряжения, что положительно влияет на режим работы установки для добычи нефти. Получены поверхности требуемого напряжения на выходе питающего трансформатора в зависимости от мощности погружного электродвигателя для различных длин и сечений кабельной линии. Установлено, что использование внутрискважинного компенсатора позволяет уменьшить падение напряжения в токопроводящих элементах электротехнического комплекса установки для добычи нефти до 50 В.
Analisis Efisiensi Saluran Distribusi Melalui Pendekatan Transportasi Pada UMKM Kerupuk Ikan Tengiri Desa Gedangan Kecamatan Kutorejo Kabupaten Mojokerto
Authors: Rozi Fatkhur , Agatin Reny Rizqi
Published: October 2019

The rapid development of the business world today requires businesses to determine appropriate and targeted strategies, and the strategy carried out by business actors are expected to be able to face and win the competition in the business world, one of the strategy applied is the distribution channel. Therefore, distribution channel decisions often involve a long-term commitment to other agencies or companies. This study aims to determine the value of the efficiency of the distribution channel with the least cost and Vogel's methods, in addition to knowing the efficient path of the distribution channel with the shortest route model. This research includes descriptive quantitative research through a mathematical approach where the aim is to find out the value of the efficiency of the distribution channel, by taking census technical sampling of 31 businessmen in the fish crackers in the village of Gedangan. Data analysis aims to simplify data processing so that it is easy to read and interpret. Data is collected by observation, interview and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the same minimum total cost is obtained between the least cost and Vogel's method. The shortest distance route model is accomplished in all category.
Pengaruh Keragaman Dewan Direksi Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan
Authors: Roika Roika , Salim Ubud , Sumiati Sumiati
Published: October 2019

In implementing corporate governance, the diversity of the board of directors is an essential component. The most frequently observed diversity of the board is gender diversity, and along with the increasing internationalization of business today, the nationalities diversity is also one of the interesting types of analysis to be analyzed. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of the diversity of the board of directors on the performance of the company. The company performance examined in this study is the firm financial performance measured by using ROE and firm value measured by the Tobin's Q ratio. The population of this study are all non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016-2017. Following the same selection criteria in this study, 33 sample companies were screened. The results of hypothesis testing with multiple regression indicate that only nationalities diversity influences the firm financial performance as measured by ROE. While gender diversity has a negative effect on firm financial performance as measured by ROE. And gender diversity and nationalities diversity does not affect the firm value
KLASİK TÜRK ŞİİRİNDE İZLERİ GÖRÜLEN YILAN EFSUNU (ARBAĞ)
Authors: SAMANCI Metin
Published: October 2019

Yılan ve
sihir klasik şiir geleneğinde sıkça kullanılan kelimelerdir. Yılan, sevgilinin
saçından dünya hayatına kadar bir çok kavram için, sihir ise sevgilinin
gözleri, şiir vb. kavramlar için teşbih unsuru olarak kullanılmıştır. Yılan
sihirle beraber geçtiğinde sihirbazların göz boyama ile ipleri yılan şeklinde
gösterdikleri Hz. Musa ve sihirbazlar kıssasına telmihte bulunulur. Fakat yılan
ve efsunun bir arada geçtiği bazı beyitlerde kamların yılanları deliğinden
çıkarmak veyahut yılan ısırıklarını tedavi etmek amacıyla uyguladıkları,
Çağataycada arbağ adı verilen ve Orta Asya’dan Anadolu’ya kadar taşınan yılan
efsunundan söz edilir.

                Bu yazıda yılan efsunu hakkında
bilgi verilmiş, ardından tespit edilen ilgili beyitler bu bilgiler etrafında
değerlendirilmiştir.
TÜRK EDEBİYATINDA TELİF EDİLEN ZAFER-NÂME ÖRNEKLERİNDEN ZAFER-NÂME-İ CENÂB-I HÂNÎ
Authors: ÖZMEN Abdulsamet
Published: October 2019

Klasik Türk edebiyatında
şairler düşüncelerini nesir (düz yazı) yolu ile duygularını ise nazm (şiir)
yolu ile dile getirme yolunu tercih etmişlerdir. Bu sebeple klasik Türk şiiri
kendi döneminde yaşayan birçok şairin duygularına tercüman olan en önemli
vasıtalardan olmuştur. Şairler kendi dönemi ve öncesinde meydana gelmiş ve
kaleme alınmış birçok eseri gözden geçirmişlerdir. Bu eserlerden bir tanesi de
gazavât-nâme ve fetih-nâme ile aynı konuları ihtivâ eden zafer-nâmelerdir.
Zafer-nâmelerde asl olan düşmanın yenilgisidir. Klasik Türk edebiyatında bu
türün en güzel örnekleri Osmanlı Devleti’nin gelişme ve yükselmeye başladığı XV
ve XVI. yüzyıllarda başlar. Edebiyatımızda bu nazım ve nesir türü örneklerinin
azalmaya başlaması ve kesintiye uğraması ise Osmanlı akınlarının durması ve
gaza geleneğinin ortadan kalkmasıyla eşzamanlı olmuştur. Çalışmamızın konusu;
üzerinde daha önce herhangi bir akademik çalışma yapılmayan ve II. Süleyman
dönemini konu eden zafer-nâme muhtevâlı bu eseri Latin harflerine çevirip
incelemesini yapmaktır.
KLASİK TÜRK ŞİİRİNDE “AŞK” BAŞKADIR
Authors: DEMİREL H. Gamze
Published: October 2019

Klasik Türk şiiri, evrensel güzeli, estetik,
mükemmel ve ideal olanı, aşk uyandıranı, anlatma kaygısı taşır. Sevgili de;
ideal ve evrensel güzelin ve güzelliğin timsalidir. Sevgili; incedir, zariftir,
servi boylu, keman kaşlı, ahu gözlü, hoş bakışlıdır. Ağzı ve dudakları yok
denecek kadar küçük ve kusursuz, beli kıl kadar incedir. Onun, bütün fiziksel
özellikleri, özellikle de yüzü ve yüzüne ait unsurları, kusursuz güzelliğin ve
estetiğin simgesi olarak değerlendirilmiştir ve bunların her biri ilahi olanla ilişkilendirilerek,
her birine ayrı bir kutsiyet atfedilmiştir. Bu yüzden, Klasik Türk şairi,
insanların doğada ya da insanda göremediği mükemmelliklere işaret ederek,
kaynağını sonsuz ve sınırsız olan ilahi güçten aldığı için, güzeli ve
güzelliği, sürekli övmüş, yüceltilmiş; sevgiliyi, “güzel”; hatta “en güzel”
olarak işlemiş; böylece sadece insana değil, doğaya, kainata ve yaratılışa, aşk
beslememizi ve bir farkındalık oluşturmamızı sağlar. Bir sanat eserinin
güzelliği; insanın şuurunu hayalden ve kesretten uzaklaştırması, ifade edilmek
istenen şeyin hakikatini insana hatırlatması, insanı hakikat konusunda
bilgilendirmesi ile orantılıdır. Gerek hakiki bir sanatta, gerek hakiki bir
edebiyatta ulaşılması hedeflenen asıl şey; güzelden ve güzel olan her şeyden
hareketle ebedi olanı yakalamaktır. İşte bunun içindir ki Divan şiirinde
anlatılan aşk başkadır, başka bir tadı ve anlamı vardır.
DOĞANKENT VE GÜCE YER ADLARI ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Authors: TEKİN Feridun , CANTÜRK Samet
Published: October 2019

Ad
bilimi; evrensel adıyla “onomastik”, bir kelime türü olan “ad”ı çeşitli
yöntemlerle ele alıp inceleyen bir bilim dalıdır. Türkçeye “yer adı bilimi”
olarak yerleşmiş olan “toponimi” ise, onomastiğin bir alt dalı olup amacı
belirli yöntemlerle yerlerin özel adlarını incelemektir. Yer adı çalışmaları
dillerin zenginliğini göstermek bakımından da önemli bir malzemedir. Yer adları
ses, şekil ve söz varlığı bakımlarından Türkçenin zenginliğine katkıda
bulunmakta aynı zamanda bu hazineden yararlanılarak dilimizin geçmiş
dönemlerine ışık tutulmaktadır.

Günümüzde
Türkiye Türkçesi ağızlarında bulunan ancak kayıtlara geçmeyen çok sayıda
sözcük, deyim ve kalıplaşmış sözlerin olduğu bilinmektedir. Ağızlardaki bu
özelliğin yer adlarını da kapsadığı görülür. Birçok yer adında Türkçenin tarihi
dönemlerine ya da ağız özelliklerine ait unsurlar bulunmaktadır. Bugün standart
Türkçede kullanılmayan ya da sadece ağızlarda var olan bazı sözcükler yer
adlarında yaşamaktadır. Yerleşim birimi adlarının değişim halinde olması, yer
yer unutulmaya yüz tutan bu adların geç kalmadan tespit edilmesini ve bu alana
önem verilmesini gerekli kılmaktadır. Ayrıca yer adlarının milli kültür
açısından da önemi büyüktür. Yer adlarının toplumların hafızalarından önemli
izler taşıdığı da bilinen bir gerçektir. Çalışmamızda Giresun’un konum olarak
önemli ilçelerinden olan Doğankent ve Güce ilçelerine bağlı yer adları
incelenmiştir. Doğankent ve Güce ilçe merkezindeki mahalle, köyler ve köylere
bağlı mahalle/mevki adları leksik-semantik açıdan ele alınmış olup bu yer
adlarının yapı ve kökenleri de tasnif edilmiştir.
AHMET İHSAN TOKGÖZ’ÜN DOĞU ASYA’YA SEYAHAT ROMANINDA YAPI
Authors: ÖKSÜZ GÜNEŞ Elif
Published: October 2019

Çalışmada bu romanın kimliği hakkında bilgi verildikten sonra, eser isim-içerik,
olay örgüsü, bakış açısı ve anlatıcı, zaman, mekân ve kişiler bağlamında
değerlendirilecek.

Türk edebiyatının Batılılaşma çabaları sırasında önemli bir rol
oynayan Ahmet İhsan Tokgöz dergicilik faaliyetleri ile ilgilenir. Servet-i
Fünun dergisinde tefrika edilen Ülfet ve Haver başlıklı romanlarının yanı sıra
gezi yazıları ve hatıraları da bulunur. Gezi yazıları arasında sıralanan
Asya-yı Şarkiye Seyahat (Doğu Asya’ya Seyahat) adlı metni gezi ve mektup
türlerinden yararlanılarak kurgulanan bir romandır.

Edebi metinlerde, içinde yaşanılan dünyanın gerçekleri, sanatkârın
zihin süzgecinden geçerek itibari dünyada vücut bulur. Anlatıcının düş dünyası,
dili kullanma biçimi kurmaca dünyanın formunu/türünü de belirler. Mit, destan,
efsane, şiir, hikâye ve roman kurgunun önemli türleridir. Bunların arasında
imkânları en geniş olan roman, birçok farklı teknikle yazılabilir. Mektup,
roman yazarının eserinde kullandığı yöntemlerden biridir. Edebi metinlerde anlatıcı
tarafından olay örgüsüne yön verme, anlatımdaki akıcılığı, inandırıcılığı
sağlama işlevini yüklenir. Mektup-romanların yanı sıra gezi yazıları da mektup
tarzında düzenlenebilir. Şehir betimlemeleri, gelenek ve görenekler, bölgenin
nüfus yapısı mektup aracılığı ile aktarılabilir.
Derivation of Generalized Einstein's Equations of Gravitation Based on a Mechanical Model of Vacuum and a Sink Flow Model of Particles
Authors: Wang Xiao-Song
Published: October 2019

J. C. Maxwell, B. Riemann and H. Poincar$\acute{e}$ have proposed the idea that all microscopic particles are sink flows in a fluidic aether. Following this research program, a previous theory of gravitation based on a mechanical model of vacuum and a sink flow model of particles is generalized by methods of special relativistic continuum mechanics. In inertial reference frames, we construct a tensorial potential which satisfies the wave equation. Inspired by the equation of motion of a test particle, a definition of a metric tensor of a Riemannian spacetime is introduced. Applying Fock's theorem, generalized Einstein's equations in inertial systems are derived based on some assumptions. These equations reduce to Einstein's equations in case of weak field in harmonic reference frames. In some special non-inertial reference frames, generalized Einstein's equations are derived based on some assumptions. If the field is weak and the reference frame is quasi-inertial, these generalized Einstein's equations reduce to Einstein's equations. Thus, this theory may also explains all the experiments which support the theory of general relativity. There exists some differences between this theory and Einstein's theory of general relativity.
Pengaruh Waktu Pemasangan Kerodong pada Buah Pisang terhadap Serangan Hama Nacoleia Octasema
Authors: Anandita Aulia , Supriyadi Supriyadi , Wijayanti Retno
Published: October 2019

Bagging banana fruits can be develop as a control to protect the fruits from Nacoleia octasema. The objective of this research was to determine the effect and relation of the banana fruit bagging time on N. octasema. This research was conducted in Tlogo Orchard, Delik Village, Tuntang District, Salatiga, Central Java from September-November 2018. This research used purposive sampling with 3 banana cultivars and 4 treatment. The observation variable of this research was the incidence of attacks. The results showed that there was an effect on the banana fruit bagging time against the incidence of pest attacks. The average incidence attack showed that the unbagged banana fruits had the biggest attacks. In addition, there was a positive relationship between the banana fruit bagging time and cultivars on the incidence of attacks. The older a banana bagged, the greater incidence of pest attacks. Kepok had the biggest incidence of attacks compared to the other cultivars.
Diagnóstico da pesca artesanal na área de influência do Porto do Mucuripe, em Fortaleza (CE): subsídios à gestão pesqueira regional
Authors: Ramos Menezes Carolina , De Freitas Delgado Jessica , Da Silva Lima Leonardo , Righeti Corrêa Thúlio , De Matos Mello Sidney Luiz , Monteiro da Fonseca Estefan
Published: October 2019

A área de influência do Porto do Mucuripe, Fortaleza (CE), é sítio de extensa atividade pesqueira artesanal, cujo valor socioeconômico demanda um diagnóstico no contexto da gestão da pesca regional. No intuito de fornecer subsídios à gestão socioambiental das atividades do porto, elaborou-se um diagnóstico do dia a dia da pesca artesanal. Para tanto, foi utilizada a metodologia de Diagnóstico Rápido Participativo (DRP) com pescadores artesanais distribuídos nas comunidades de Barra do Ceará, Goiabeiras, Arpoador, Porto da Marinha, Mucuripe, Praia Mansa e Serviluz. Os resultados evidenciam grande diversidade de embarcações, com destaque para os paquetes e as jangadas que são as mais comumente utilizadas na pesca artesanal. As artes de pesca mais utilizadas entre os pescadores artesanais são a linha e o anzol e a rede de emalhar, distribuída em toda a área onde a pesca é praticada. Em relação ao pescado, observou-se que uma diversidade de espécies é capturada pelas comunidades pesqueiras, que são comercializadas de diferentes maneiras de acordo com seu valor de mercado.
Aprendiendo a investigar en la Educación Superior: elaboración de preguntas científicas y su tratamiento metodológico
Authors: Viejo Almanzor Carmen , Ortega Ruiz Rosario
Published: October 2019

Uno de los retos más importantes en el contexto de la Educación Superior actual es el fomento de competencias en el alumnado. Concretamente, en los estudios de postgrado, se hace necesario formar a los y las estudiantes para que sean capaces de enfrentar tareas de carácter científico, prestando especial atención a las competencias de alto nivel cognitivo, presentes en tareas de revisión de textos científicos y análisis crítico de argumentaciones, diseño de la investigación, análisis estadístico de datos, inferencia de conclusiones y elaboración de informes de investigación, así como el manejo informático.   Este proyecto ha tenido la finalidad de implementar una metodología activa que promueva la transferencia del conocimiento adquirido por el alumnado en cada una de las materias específicas del título, a la aplicación práctica y desarrollo competencial necesario para la elaboración del Trabajo Final de Máster (TFM). Los resultados del proyecto mostraron un aumento progresivo de las competencias del alumnado egresado en el máster a medida que el curso avanzaba, si bien no todas las competencias siguieron un mismo patrón en su evolución; mientras que algunas tuvieron un rápido desarrollo durante los primeros meses de formación, sufriendo luego cierto estancamiento, otras evolucionaron de forma más lenta. Estos resultados apuntan a la importancia de la puesta en marcha de planes de trabajo centrados en el desarrollo competencial de los alumnos y alumnas.
Inclusión del emprendimiento en el desarrollo de asignaturas de Ingeniería
Authors: Redel Macías María Dolores , Castillo Rodríguez Carlos , Pérez Alcántara Rafael , García Ferrer Alfonso , Hinojosa Martínez María Santos , Villalba Evans María Salud , Paniagua Merchán Jesús , Cubero Atienza Antonio José
Published: October 2019

Según el diario el Mundo, por primera vez los estudiantes universitarios españoles que tienen pensado crear un negocio (26,8%) supera a los que se ven trabajando en la Administración Pública el (25%), ese fue el resultados de las 8600 encuestas realizadas por GAD3 para el estudio encargado por Educa 2020, donde Ingeniería y Arquitectura son las ramas con mayores porcentajes de alumnado que quieren crear una empresa. Con estos datos, se pretende trabajar en esta línea para estimular al alumnado en la generación de ideas de negocio y dar soporte para llevarlas a cabo. Además, a través del trabajo coordinado con el Vicerrectorado de Coordinación Institucional e Infraestructuras se intentará acercar al alumnado cómo es el proceso de licitación de obras, servicios o equipamiento en una Administración Pública como es la UCO, mostrando la transparencia del proceso. En la experiencia piloto del anterior curso académico, el alumnado valoró muy positivamente la asistencia a un acto público de apertura de ofertas económicas de un proceso de licitación real desarrollado por la UCO, donde se mostraron participativos y vieron de primera mano cómo todo el proceso es transparente y sigue rigurosamente la Ley de Contratos del Sector Público.
A New Risk Model Based on the Machine Learning Approach for Prediction of Mortality in the Respiratory Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Yan Peng , Huang Siwan , Chen Tiange , Li Xiang , Mo Guoxin , Wu Huan , Xu Jianqiao , Xie Guotong , Xie Lixin
Published: October 2019

Background and objectives : Intensive care unit (ICU) resources are inadequate for the large population in China, so it is essential for physicians to evaluate the condition of patients at admission. In this study, our objective was to construct a machine learning risk prediction model for mortality in respiratory intensive care units (RICUs). Methods: This study involved 817 patients who made 1,063 visits and who were admitted to the RICU from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2017. Potential predictors such as demographic information, laboratory results, vital signs and clinical characteristics were considered. Among the 1,063 visits, the RICU mortality rate was 13.5%. We constructed eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) models and compared predictive performances with random forest models, logistic regression models and clinical scores such as Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) and the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) system. Results : For this dataset, XGBoost models achieved the best performance with the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) of 0.923 (95% CI: 0.889 – 0.957) in the test set, which was significantly greater than APACHE II (0.811, 95% CI: 0.778 – 0.844) and SOFA (0.805, 95% CI: 0.770 – 0.840). The Hosmer-Lemeshow statistic was 12.667 with a P-value of 0.124, which indicated a good calibration of our predictive model in the test set. The final model contained variables that were previously known to be associated with mortality, but it also included some features absent from the clinical scores. The mean N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) of survivors was significantly lower than that of the non-survival group (2066.43 pg/mL vs. 8232.81 pg/mL; p<0.001). Conclusions : Our results showed that the XGBoost model could be a suitable model for predicting RICU mortality with easy-to-collect variables at admission and help intensivists improve clinical decision-making for RICU patients. We found that NT-proBNP can be a good indicator of poor prognosis.
Recurrent single-gene duplication drives the expansion and expression diversification of the ADH gene family in pear and other Rosaceae species
Authors: Zhang Shaoling , Zeng Weiwei , Qiao Xin , Li Qionghou , Liu Chunxin , Wu Jun , Yin Hao
Published: October 2019

Background Alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) are essential to plant growth and the formation of aromatic compounds in fruits. However, the evolutionary history and characteristics of ADH gene expression remain largely unclear in Chinese white pear ( Pyrus bretschneideri ) and other fruit species from the family Rosaceae.Results In this study, 464 ADH genes were identified in eight Rosaceae fruit species and 68 of the genes were from pear. Based on the analyses of phylogeny and conserved motifs, the pear ADH genes were classified into four subgroups (I, II, III, and IV). The chromosomal distribution of the genes was found to be uneven and numerous clusters of physically linked ADH genes were detected. Frequent single-gene duplication events were found to have contributed to the formation of ADH gene clusters and the expansion of the ADH gene family in these eight Rosaceae species. Purifying selection was the major force in ADH gene evolution. The younger genes derived from tandem and proximal duplications had evolved faster than those that derived from other types of duplication. RNA-sequencing and quantitative-real time-PCR analysis revealed that the expression levels of three ADH genes were closely correlated with the content of aromatic compounds that are found during fruit development.Conclusion Comprehensive analyses were conducted in eight Rosaceae species and 464 ADH genes were identified. The results of this study provide new insights into the evolution and expression characteristics of ADH family genes in pear and other Rosaceae species.
Molecular diagnosis of Phenylketonuria in 157 Families and Prenatal Diagnosis of Phenylketonuria
Authors: Xiao Yang , Gu Qiang , Wu Hairong , Wang Songtao , Pei Pei , Zheng Xuefei , Pan Hong , MA Yinan
Published: October 2019

Background Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a genetic metabolic disease with a relatively higher incidence, but only a few studies about the prenatal diagnosis of PKU have been reported so far in China. The aim of this study was to characterize the spectrum of mutations in PAH gene in PKU probands and the prenatal diagnosis of PKU in north China.Methods A total of 157 families in which PKU patients had been diagnosed were included in the study. The 13 exons and their flanking sequences of PAH gene were amplified by PCR and sequenced in the probands. If none or only one mutant allele was found in the probands, the sample was subjected to MLPA for large deletions/duplication detection in PAH gene. Prenatal diagnosis was performed for pregnant women in these families.Results Pathogenic mutation in PAH was found in 2 alleles in 148 probands and in one allele in 7 probands, and the mutation was not detected in 2 probands. There were 289 point mutants, 10 frame-shift mutations and 4 large deletions with a total of 80 kinds of mutations. The most prevalent mutations were R243Q (17.2%), EX6-96A>G (8.6%) and V399V (8.0%). We also found a novel mutation of 163_164insATAT. Prenatal diagnosis of 95 families found 21 healthy fetus (20.4%), 52 carriers (50.5%) and 30 patients (29.1%), and the accuracy of prenatal diagnosis was confirmed after birth of the fetuses.Conclusion We present here a spectrum of mutations in PAH gene in PKU patients in north China. Prenatal diagnosis for PKU is useful for PKU families to prevent birth of another PKU case.
Aerobic degradation 2,4-dinitrotoluene: effect of raw organic wastes and nitrogen amendment
Authors: Okozide Osekhokhune E , Adebusoye Sunday Adekunle , Obayori Oluwafemi Sunday
Published: October 2019

2,4-Dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT), a major by-product of the synthesis of 2,4,6- trinitrotoluene, is widely used as a waterproofing, plasticizing and gelatinizing agent in propellants and explosives. Due to its toxicity, the compound is treated as a priority pollutant. Therefore, its removal from contaminated systems is a major focus of research and attention. Contaminated sites in Ibadan, Nigeria were screened for the presence of 2,4,-DNT degrading organisms. The technique of continual enrichment on NACs yielded bacterial isolates able to utilize 2,4-DNT as growth substrate. Based on phenotypic characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing one of the isolates selected for further study was identified as Proteus sp. strain OSES2. Growth of the strain on 2,4-DNT resulted in exponential increase in biomass and complete substrate utilization within 72 h accompanied with NO 3 - elimination. Degradation competence enhanced in the presence of Corn steep liquor, molasses and Tween 80 compared to incubation without amendment. Conversely, amendment with nitrogen sources yielded no significant improvement in degradation. Use of this organism organic wastes as candidates in bioremediation strategy should be exploited. This would provide a cheaper organic source supplement for cleanup purposes with the ultimate aim of reducing the cost of bioremediation while reducing wastes intended for landfill.
Mono-segment Fixation Method Versus Short-segment Fixation Methods, In Treatment Of Mono-segmental Lumbar Tuberculosis; Using Titanium Mesh Cage With Interbody Fusion: Retrospective Cohort Study.
Authors: Zhang Hongqi , Manini Daudi Romani , Wang Yuxiang
Published: October 2019

Background ： 1/3rd-2/3rd of the remaining vertebral height can hold and withstand the standard pedicle screws; some surgeons have adopted affected vertebral fixation to avoid the complications of both long and short segment fixation during surgical correction of lumbar tuberculosis (TB).This study aimed to compare efficacy of mono-segment-fixation versus the short-segment fixation methods with the use of titanium mesh-cage (TMCs) and interbody fusion in the treatment of mono-segmental lumbar spinal TB via single stage posterior-only approach. Methods ： A retrospective review was done among 34 lumbar spinal TB patients. These patients underwent debridement, interbody fusion with (TMCs) by either Mono-segment fixation or short-segment fixation methods. Eighteen patients underwent mono-segment fixation method, group (A). While 16 patients underwent short-segment fixation method, group (B). Fusion, deformity correction, and decompression were done within the affected segment in group (A), while for group (B) fusion extended one level above and below the affected vertebrae . Operation time, intra-operative blood loss, degree of deformity correction and neurological functions were analyzed. Results: Comparing group (A) vs (B), average operation time in minutes (mins) for group A was 144.2±16.5, group B was 170.3 ± 25.0 (P=0.001). Average intraoperative blood loss in milliliter (mls) was 502.8±151.9 for group (A) and 742.5±143.2 for group (B) (p ˂0.05). The mean cobb’s angle between group A versus group B; preoperative was 23.8 ± 6.5 0 vs 22.2±9.2 0 (p=0.6), immediate post operatively was 8.0±3.5 0 vs 8.3±5.7 0 (p=0.847) and at final follow-up was 8.9±3.1 0 vs 9.2 ± 5.9 0 (p=0.866) respectively. Correction rate between group (A) vs group (B) was 15.7±3.8 0 vs 13.9±5.5 0 (p=0.285) and loss of correction was 1.2±0.7 0 vs 1.1±0.7 (p=0.817) respectively. No significant differences in neurological recovery between the two groups were founds. Conclusion: Under precise conditions: mono-segment fixation method, debridement, interbody fusion with TMCs, and posterior instrumentation can effectively reconstruct the spine, maintain stability and correct kyphosis deformity similar to short-segment fixation method. Also, it can relieve pain and improve neurological symptoms. When used in combination with anti-TB chemotherapy in the treatment of mono-segmental lumbar TB via a single-stage posterior-only approach.
Impact of ESR1 Polymorphisms on Risk of Breast Cancer in the Chinese Han Population
Authors: Wei Ying , Wang Xiaolin , Zhang Zhe , Zhao Changtao , Chang Yuwei , Bian Zhiqing , Zhao Xinhan
Published: October 2019

Background The Estrogen receptor-1 (ESR1) gene encodes estrogen receptor-α which is a major biomarker in the development of breast cancer. This research aimed to investigate the effect of ESR1 polymorphisms on breast cancer in Chinese Han women.Methods Four candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ESR1 gene among 503 breast cancer patients and 503 healthy people were genotyped using Agena MassARRAY platform. The association between ESR1 polymorphisms and breast cancer risk was evaluated using odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) in four genetic models. The HaploReg v4.1 and GEPIA database were used for SNP functional annotation and ESR1 expression analysis respectively.Results The allele T of rs9383938 in ESR1 was significantly associated with an increased breast cancer risk (OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.05 – 1.50, p = 0.013). In genetic models, rs9383938 increased breast cancer risk in codominant model (OR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.07 – 2.22, p = 0.021), dominant model (OR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.01 – 1.68, p = 0.040), and additive model (OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.04 – 1.48, p = 0.017). Stratification analysis showed that rs9383938 and rs2228480 raised the breast cancer susceptibility at age < 50 years. Rs1801132 of ESR1 was also associated with the status of ER, PR, and Her-2 in allele model and genetic models significantly.Conclusion This study demonstrated that ESR1 polymorphisms might influence breast cancer susceptibility in Chinese Han population. Further mechanisms studies are needed to confirm the contribution of ESR1.
Effects of enhanced insect feeding on the fecal microbiome and transcriptome of a family of captive common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)
Authors: Yamazaki Yumiko , Moriya Shigeharu , Kawarai Shinpei , Morita Hidetoshi , Kikusui Takefumi , Iriki Atsushi
Published: October 2019

Background: Common marmosets have been widely used in biomedical research for years. Nutritional control is an important factor in managing their health, and insect intake would be beneficial for that purpose because common marmosets frequently feed on insects in natural habitats. However, the effect of insect feeding on the marmoset body has not been clearly characterized. Here, we examined the effect of enhanced insect feeding on the gut by analyzing the fecal microbiome and transcriptome of captive marmosets. Methods: A family consisting of six marmosets was divided into two groups. During the seven-day intervention period, one group (the insect feeding group, or Group IF) was fed one cricket and one giant mealworm per marmoset per day, while the other (the control group, or Group C) was not fed these insects. RNA was extracted from fecal samples to evaluate the ecology and transcriptome of the microbiome, which were then compared among time points before (Pre), just after (Post), and two weeks after intervention (After) by total RNA sequencing (total RNA-seq). Results: General health status was not changed throughout the experimental period in either group. Distinct changes were observed only in the microbiome of Group IF after the insect feeding treatment. A species of flagellate, Hypotrichomonas mariae , was identified for the first time in common marmosets, but only after enhanced insect feeding. The structure of the microbiome differed between the groups with and without insect feeding. There were significant changes in the transcriptome of Group IF only, and some of the changes in the transcriptome mirrored the fluctuations in the microbiome. Conclusions: Enhanced insect feeding modified the distribution of the fecal microbiomes of the marmosets, which were suggested to interact with the transcriptomes. The rapid changes in the microbiome and transcriptome are deeply connected to the feeding ecology of marmosets in the wild. The results were informative for identifying the physiological impact of insect feeding and for detecting transcripts that are currently unidentifiable. The present study supports a feeding regimen for captive marmosets that includes insects to maintain the natural balance of symbiotic metabolism in the gut microbiome.
Socioeconomic inequalities in children under 15 with medical complexity: A population-based study
Authors: Carrilero Neus , Ruiz-Muñoz Dolores , Dalmau-Bueno Albert , Colls Cristina , García-Altés Anna
Published: October 2019

Background Health inequalities from the first stages of life onwards have consequences for children’s health status and for their future development. Children’s health is profoundly affected by the socioeconomic position (SEP) of their parents. The situation is even more disruptive in children with medically complex (CMC) conditions. The aim of this study is to describe the characteristics and related pathologies of CMC in Catalonia, and to assess the presence of socioeconomic inequalities.Methods Cross-sectional study and cluster analysis of the diseases in the CMC population under the age of 15 in Catalonia in 2016 using administrative data. Each pathology cluster obtained was described and its association with socioeconomic position (SEP) determined. The Adjusted Morbidity Groups (Catalan acronym GMA) classification system was used to identify the CMC. Main outcome measures: SEP, GMA score, sex, and age distribution were recorded in both populations (CMC and non-CMC) and in each of the clusters identified.Results 71% of the CMC population have at least one parent with no employment or an annual income of less than €18,000. Four comorbidity clusters were identified in CMC: respiratory (47%), neurodevelopmental (18%), hemato-oncological (12%), and perinatal disorders (23%). CMC experience higher levels of poverty and social disadvantage in all clusters. SES-cluster association results were: in the respiratory OR, 2.1 in boys and 2.1 in girls; in the neurodevelopmental disease, OR 2.0 in boys and 1.8 in girls; in the hemato-oncology OR, 1.7 in boys and 1.8 in girls; and in the perinatal OR, 1.7 in boys and 1.8 in girls.Conclusions There are socioeconomic health inequalities in childhood across a broad spectrum of health outcomes. Children with lower SEP are more likely to have CMC conditions. All clusters showed SEP inequalities and respiratory and neurodevelopment clusters are the most prevalent.