bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Quality of Life of the Population as an Indicator of Social Development (on the Example of a Sociological Study in the Kulundinsky district of the Altai Territory)
Authors: Akhmedova Angelina Rustamovna , Sterlyadeva Natalya Anatolevna , Koda Egor Aleksandrovich , Oleinikova Elizaveta Pavlovna , Lapteva Dar'ya Nikolaevna
Published: October 2022

The article discusses the main approaches to the interpretation of the concepts of quality and standard of living of the population. The characteristic of the quality of life of the population is given on the example of one of the districts of the Altai Territory. The problem is considered through a number of objective and subjective features. The subject of the work is the quality of life as an indicator of the social development of the Kulundinsky district of the Altai Territory. Within the framework of this article, the quality of life is understood as a phenomenon of a socio-economic nature that incorporates elements of the surrounding world, as well as subjective satisfaction with a number of systems of functioning of society, which can be qualitatively and quantitatively sociologically expressed and investigated. The authors identified the main components of the quality of life of the population: the economic condition of the district, social indicators and the infrastructure of the district. Such methods of sociological research as in-depth interviews and questionnaires were used in the work, which make it possible to obtain the greatest amount of information, identify certain patterns and features. The main conclusions of the study are that according to objective indicators, the quality of life of the population is at an average level, and according to subjective indicators, at a high level, which gives reason to form an overall assessment of the quality of life of the population of Kulunda district above average. The hypothesis of determining the assessment of the quality of life is largely confirmed by subjective indicators, because despite a number of difficulties, the population as a whole assesses their own quality of life as good and very good in most cases, moreover, over the past year, a significant part of the population began to live objectively worse. Special attention should be paid to the self-assessment of the quality of life by the population of the Kulunda district, which requires further study.
The Energy Factor of Modern Geopolitics: an attempt at a cognitive Approach
Authors: Starkin Sergey Valer'evich , Pripisnova Elena Sergeevna , Krivov Sergei Valer'evich
Published: October 2022

Energy resources are becoming an increasingly politicized commodity, which at the same time retains special technical and economic characteristics, which complicates the work of the foreign policy leadership. Using a cognitive approach to foreign policy analysis, the authors conduct a study of the relationship between energy and foreign policy through the prism of different cognitive structures used by subjects to assess the landscape of the world energy. On this conceptual basis, the authors explore the evolution of the relationship between energy and foreign policy: how much energy is a useful tool of foreign policy, and, conversely, how deeply the goals of energy policy are embedded in foreign policy and affect the sphere of energy security. The main results of this study should be considered the conclusion of the authors that in order to distinguish energy as a foreign policy area, it is useful to distinguish between short-term and long-term energy vulnerability. The degree of long–term vulnerability is determined by the availability of real alternatives - the ability to diversify energy routes and sources. Thus, energy security is the dominant, but not the only factor determining energy as an area of foreign policy. The problem of energy sustainability is penetrating deeper into the world foreign policy agenda, since it is related to energy independence. Thus, depending on the influence of environmental beliefs on political, economic and social structures, energy sustainability can affect energy needs, energy imports, and hence energy independence. In addition, discussing the importance of energy sustainability, first of all it is necessary to focus on the problem of security, since energy sustainability is associated with the influence of internal resource consumption on the level of energy independence, and energy security focuses on the influence of external factors on ensuring sufficient energy supplies, and hence on energy independence.
Knight's Move: Brazil's future in BRICS+
Authors: Kazelko Alisa Andreevna
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the study is to predict and evaluate the scale and effectiveness of the key political and economic instruments of the largest Latin American country – Brazil – when expanding the membership of the BRICS integration association member states. In the context of the growing confrontation provoked by the hostile rhetoric of the West, the configuration of the world order is undergoing an unprecedented transformation: the developed world largely acts as a catch-up to developing countries, as evidenced by the potential of BRICS+. The article identifies and analyzes three constants of the "tropical giant" foreign policy in BRICS+: cooperation with Moscow, recognition of the need to expand the membership of the association, as well as the consensus of local political elites regarding the development of BRICS+ according to the scenario of "integration of integrations". Along with the similarities in the attitudes of Brazil's foreign policy, the association also emphasizes the dichotomy in the approaches of the current and potential administrations: governments lobby for different agendas, take opposite positions on the future of BRICS+, and also focus on promoting bilateral relations with two different countries: in one case, with China, in the other, with India. Considering the future of BRICS+ from the economic point of view, the author pays special attention to the dilemma of developing criteria for those wishing to join the association and proposes the concept of "three barriers": the establishment of low, medium or high barriers to entry into the BRICS market. In conclusion, the article analyzes the meaning of the title of the work "knight's move": the author comes to the conclusion that Brazil will emerge victorious from any political and economic scenario described in the article. Finally, special attention is paid to the harsh historical lessons that the "tropical giant" has learned: having destroyed the two-hundred-year-old web of political and debt dependence on its northern neighbor, Brazil should become the country that will make the decisive move and complete the chess game against the West.
The concept of emptiness in the Prajnaparamite tradition
Authors: Yangutov Leonid
Published: October 2022

The article deals with the central concept of Prajnaparamite philosophy – the concept of emptiness. The analysis of the understanding of this concept in the scientific literature is given, the difficulties of understanding it are indicated. Nagarjuna's explanations of the doctrine of emptiness are considered in the context of the Prajnaparamite theory of the middle. Much attention is paid to the difficulties of understanding emptiness in China during the formation of Buddhism in this country. The variants of understanding the concept of emptiness presented in the teachings of the "six schools and seven directions" (Liu jia qi zong) are considered. The interpretation of the understanding of emptiness in the writings of Seng Zhao and Kumarajiva is shown. The translation of the text of the Hridaya Sutra is presented, in which the definition of the concept of emptiness is given in a concise form. The object of the study is the philosophy of Prajnaparamita. The subject of the study is the interpretation of the concept of emptiness in the Prajnaparamite tradition. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the fact that it presents different points of view on the understanding of the concept of emptiness, both in the scientific literature and in the Buddhist tradition of India, Tibet and China. The main conclusion of the article is that the reason for the different interpretation of emptiness lies in the semantic features of the term "emptiness" which implies absolute negation. Therefore, there was a need to justify the fact that the negation is followed by a statement, the emptiness hides the true being. The next difficulty was the question of what truly exists. The search for the true essence of this being is especially clearly traced to the Chinese tradition.
Problems of Definition of Freedom Through the Concept of Responsibility
Authors: Mamarasulov Andrei Ravkhatovich
Published: October 2022

The subject of the study is the cognitive relationship between the concept of responsibility and the idea of freedom. The objects of research are the philosophical categories of responsibility and freedom. The author examines in detail such aspects of the topic as the epistemological disparity of these categories, the difference in their specificity as concepts, as well as the features of responsibility and freedom in the role of effective phenomena. Particular attention is paid to the problem of the possibility of defining or objectifying freedom through the concept of responsibility in those areas where such interaction is most evident, namely: at the intellectual, metaphysical, social levels and in the field of personal being. The main conclusion of the study is: responsibility is a psychological modification of the category of necessity, which returns to the classical antinomy "necessity-freedom" and does not allow making responsibility an epistemological correlate of freedom. This theoretical conclusion is supported by an analysis of the effect of responsibility on freedom in all spheres of human existence considered in the study, where responsibility does not define freedom, but, on the contrary, levels it. The main contribution of the author to the study is that responsibility is considered not as a moral category, but as a structural phenomenon defined through the concept of "whole". The novelty of the research lies in the author's attempt, being in the field of ethics, to separate responsibility and freedom as essentially different and not having a linear cognitive connection concepts.
Covid-19 pandēmijas aktualizētie pārvaldības kārtības noziedzīgie apdraudējumi Latvijā
Authors: Baumanis Jānis
Published: October 2022

COVID-19 pandemic in Latvia has activated several types of criminal threats. Their range also included criminal threats to the administration existing in Latvia, which have been explored in detail in this article. The author has highlighted three topical groups of criminal threat in the field of administrative order: 1) threats, expressed as counter-activities against the person, who participates in elimination or termination of illegal commitment driven towards COVID-19 restrictions; 2) threats expressed as violations of the procedure determined for processing of documents in the field of COVID-19 restrictions; 3) threats expressed as violation of special regulations in the field of COVID-19 restrictions. Having paid attention to each separate group, the author has studied not only the case law, but also amendments to the Criminal Law planned and implemented by the legislator, analysing the positive and negative aspects of the amendments. The study revealed that the repressive approach of the state, implemented within the framework of control of the restrictions for spread of the COVID-19, lead to the situation, where not only the need was discussed to recognise the offences not yet deemed as criminally punishable, but where the legislator still considered it necessary to supplement the special part of the Criminal Law with new norms, thus expanding the types of expression of criminal offences.
Keywords: administrative order, criminal threat, resistance, compatible certificate, restrictions and duties, repression
Defence of Rule-Deductivism
Authors: Musts Jānis
Published: October 2022

Many legal theorists subscribe to the claim that the legal syllogism has a role in justification of legal decisions. A challenge to this thesis is put forward in Luis Duarte d’Almeida’s essay “On the Legal Syllogism”. This article aims to examine Luis Duarte d’Almeida’s arguments against rule-deductivism in order to refine the theoretical understanding of the role that the legal syllogism has in the justification of legal decisions. In this article, three main research methods have been used: the descriptive, the deductive, and the analytical method. The examination of Luis Duarte d’Almeida’s arguments against rule-deductivism results in several conclusions. Firstly, the general argument against rule-deductivism fails because of some faulty assumptions about the scope of the major premise in respect to the scope of the statutory rule entailed by its ratio legis, i.e. that this adherence must be perfect when the judge is expanding the scope of the statutory rule by referring to the general purpose of the rule. Secondly, the critique of the first notion of rule-deductivism is effective, but only insofar as one also adheres to several contentious assumptions that are held by some rule-deductivists, but are not essential to rule-deductivism.
Keywords: legal syllogism, rule-deductivism, teleological correction
50 Years of the Freedom Charter
Authors: Suttner Raymond , Cronin Jeremy
Published: October 2022

50 Years of the Freedom Charter is a new edition of a classic work, banned for possession under the apartheid government. The main body of the text, prepared initially in 1986, has been left unaltered, but the authors have added a substantial new introduction and a bibliography of some of the literature that was not then available within the country or emerged after publication of the book. This book offers an elaborately illustrated and fascinating account of the making of the historic Freedom Charter in South Africa in 1955. The material is presented largely through the words of actual participants, as recorded in interviews with the authors. It includes a significant section on the contemporary relevance of the Freedom Charter today.
Optimization of the operation of the compressor diaphragm unit pumping gas and liquid in rocket complexes by means of a pressure jump calculation program
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Kuznetsov V. I. , Shchuka I. O. ,   Siberian Institute of Business and Information Technologies
Published: October 2022

The issue of increasing the service life of the membrane in a diaphragm-plunger compressor is considered. It is found that the uniform distribution of holes in the substrate for the supply of oil to one cavity and gas to the other cavity, which are located between the membrane and the substrates, causes a wavelike movement of the membrane. It is shown which process causes the occurrence of pressure surges that shorten the life of the mekmbran6a to destruction. Theoretically and experimentally, the optimal arrangement of holes in the substrates has been found to reduce pressure surges and increase the service life of the membrane without destruction.
Educação em saúde por meio de jogos lúdicos para a prevenção de parasitoses
Authors: Costa Thalia de Oliveira , Costa Fernando Jorge Acipreste , Costa Raniele Amanda Gomes da , Cota Eva Karine , Nicácio Danrlei Leonel , Viana Cláudia Aparecida , Santos Brenda Cupertino Albergaria , Leão Kemile Albuquerque , Spósito Pollyanna Álvaro Ferreira
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: Auxiliar na prevenção de parasitoses por meio do desenvolvimento de jogos educativos direcionados a crianças em idade escolar, como uma estratégia de ensino de noções de higiene. Relato de experiência: A elaboração dos jogos apresentados neste presente artigo contribuiu para a compreensão da importância da educação em saúde como ferramenta no ensino das noções de higiene. Compreendeu-se que ao estimular o interesse da criança pelo assunto abordado, torna-se mais fácil promover o aprendizado. Além disso, o ambiente descontraído favorece a troca de experiências entre os participantes. O ambiente escolar é o mais propício para aplicação destes jogos por ser um local que promove o desenvolvimento da criança em todos os âmbitos. A educação em saúde nas escolas constrói nos alunos a noção de responsabilidade com sua saúde, bem-estar e cuidado com o próprio corpo na construção de um ambiente saudável. Considerações finais: Foi possível evidenciar que  os jogos lúdicos podem ser considerados como ótimas ferramentas para a promoção da educação em saúde, além de contribuirem na transformação dos participantes em protagonistas do seu aprendizado e estimulando a disseminação do conhecimento adquirido.
Atual cenário da tuberculose no Brasil: medidas de identificação, tratamento e prevenção da doença
Authors: Borges Joyce Queiroz , Santos Brenda Alves dos , Cangussu Lucas Gedeon Mendes Soares Dantas , Magalhães Luíza Carneiro Souza , Costa Maria Alice Aires , Santos Rogério Manna Candido dos , Fonseca Alenice Aliane , Crespo Thaísa Soares , Rocha Josiane Santos Brant
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: Discutir o cenário da tuberculose no Brasil e as atuais medidas de identificação, tratamento e prevenção da doença. Métodos: Trata-se de um artigo de revisão em que o levantamento de dados foi realizado em base de dados eletrônicas do período de agosto a outubro de 2016 e utilizou publicações de 2001 a 2016, todas disponíveis em português. Resultados e Discussão: A tuberculose se mantém de elevada prevalência em âmbito nacional e mundial. Apesar do bom prognóstico com políticas públicas a aderência ao tratamento ainda é baixa, o que leva a propagação e disseminação da patologia e resulta em um quadro ainda permanente para atualidade. Um déficit importante para o avanço no combate a doença é a escassez de estudos epidemiológicos voltados aos grupos mais vulneráveis. Conclusão: É de fundamental importância a criação de alternativas para controle da tuberculose; assim como o fortalecimento de programas de saúde como a Estratégia de Saúde da Família através de seus agentes de saúde que possuem a vantagem do contato direto com a pulação de risco e por esse motivo são a principal linha de frete no combate à tuberculose.
RANCANG BANGUN ALAT UKUR SUHU DAN KELEMBABAN TANAH MENGGUNAKAN ARDUINO UNO DENGAN PERHITUNGAN MAPE (MEAN ABSOLUTE PERCENTAGE ERROR) PADA LAHAN PERKEBUNAN
Authors: Fitrianto Dwiki , Sari Churnia
Published: October 2022

Pada saat ini petani kebun sangat kesusahan mencari sebuah alat karena tidak adanya sosialisasi tentang tekhnologi alat ukur suhu dan kelembaban dan alat ukur suhu dan kelembaban yang sudah ada termasuk mahal. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Perkebunan Teh Kemuning Kecamatan Ngargoyoso Kabupaten Karanganyar dan Perkebunan Jagung dan Tebu di Desa Soco Kecamatan Bendo Kabupaten Magetan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini observasi untuk mengetahui suhu dan kelembaban pada lahan perkebunan. Pengukuran suhu tanah menggunakan sensor suhu tanah DS18B20, kelembaban tanah menggunakan sensor sensor soil moisture (Kelembapan Tanah) YL-69 dan Arduino Uno sebagai mikrokontroller. Uji kelayakan alat dengan menghitung hasil dari penelitian dengan perhitungan MAPE (Mean Absolute Percentage Error). Pengujian di kebun teh kemuning didapat rata-rata suhu tanah 19°C, kelembaban 37.24%-42.22% dengan perhitungan MAPE 0.047%. Pengujian di kebun jagung didapat rata-rata suhu tanah 29.75°C, kelembaban 79.56%-84.26% dengan perhitungan MAPE 0.050%. Pengujian di kebun tebu didapat rata-rata suhu tanah 29.87°C, kelembaban 24.14%-32.94% dengan perhitungan MAPE 0.066%. Kesimpulan yang diambil Arduino Uno sebagai mikrokontroler, sensor suhu tanah menggunakan sensor suhu tanah DS18B20, sensor kelembaban tanah menggunakan sensor sensor soil moisture (Kelembapan Tanah) YL-69, LCD sebagai output dari mikrokontroler bekerja dengan sangat baik di dukung dengan perhitungan MAPE <10%.

 
Beneficial Impacts and Phytocomponents of Cinnamomum in Indonesia: A Review
Authors: Khairullah Aswin Rafif , Solikhah Tridiganita Intan , Hanisia Ristag Hamida , Atsa Cinta , Arengga Yan
Published: October 2022

Cinnamon, Lauraceae family, is believed to be the world's good spice. Cinnamon is widely developed in Indonesia and is utilized as a spice in the kitchen and as a medicine. In Indonesia itself, the mention of the cinnamon plant can be different in various regions. Cinnamon can produce bark, bark essential oil, cinnamon oleoresin, bark powder and leaf essential oil. Cinnamon can give food taste and aroma. Cinnamon is a great source of micronutrients and macronutrients. Cinnamon can be an important source of energy, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals. Cinnamon is a great spice for human health and nutrition, because cinnamon has various active phytochemical compounds that play an important role in pharmacological activity.
Investigating Drug-Target Interactions of Piperine in Prostate Cancer using Network Pharmacology and Docking studies
Authors: Prakash Nayana , Hanumanthappa Manjunatha , Preema Karal Andrade , Vijayalaksmi V.
Published: October 2022

The prostate cancer is the third-leading cause of death worldwide. As per therapeutic medicines, piperine plays a key role in anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. A comprehensive investigation was conducted to determine the possible protein targets of piperine in cancer by employing network pharmacology and molecular docking methods. The PubChem, ChEMBL, STITCH andCTD databases were used for integrated prediction of piperine targets in cancer followed by network building, network architecture, gene ontology (GO), pathway enrichment and molecular docking in the present investigation. According to a functional annotation study, piperine has a list of potential cancer targets (10 targets). The unique target of piperine was identified based on topological evaluation by finding significant closeness/hub node AKT1 (RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase). PANTHER gene set analysis was also utilized to identify biologically significant pathways in the top genes involved. High efficiency and scalability of molecular docking were used to verify the identified targets. AKT1 docking findings with piperine showed the highest binding affinity, hydrogen bonds and good inhibitory effect compared to standard flutamide. AKT1 identified by the network pharmacological approach might be a potential target of piperine to prevent prostate cancer based on the molecular interaction.
Penapisan Tekanan Darah Tinggi Pada Masyarakat Kota Bangkinang Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Penyakit Ginjal Kronis
Authors: Siregar Fajri Marindra , Asputra Hendra , Mela Nanda Fito
Published: October 2022

Penyakit ginjal kronis (PGK) merupakan masalah kesehatan dunia yang insidensi dan prevalensinya semakin meningkat dengan keluaran yang buruk dan biaya perawatan yang tinggi. Salah satu faktor risiko penyebab PGK adalah tekanan darah tinggi. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk melakukan penapisan tekanan darah tinggi pada masyarakat sebagai upaya pencegahan PGK. Penapisan dilakukan dengan melakukan pemeriksaan tekanan darah dan edukasi pada peserta yang terdeteksi memiliki tekanan darah tinggi. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilaksanakan di Kota Bangkinang, Kabupaten Kampar, Provinsi Riau. Dari 100 orang masyarakat yang mengikuti kegiatan didapatkan sebanyak 19% memiliki tekanan darah normal, 33% prehipertensi, 23% hipertensi derajat 1 dan 25% hipertensi derajat 2. Tingginya angka kejadian tekanan darah tinggi yang ditemukan pada kegiatan penapisan ini menggambarkan urgensinya usaha kesehatan berbasis masyarakat sebagai upaya tindak lanjut pencegahan penyakit ginjal kronis dan penyakit lainnya yang lebih serius. 
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health problem that incidence and prevalence increase with poor outcomes and high treatment costs. One of the risk factors for CKD is high blood pressure. This community service activity aims to screen the community for high blood pressure to prevent CKD. Screening is done by checking blood pressure and educating participants who are detected to have high blood pressure. This service activity is located in Bangkinang City, Kampar Regency, Riau Province. Of the 100 people who participated in the program, 19% had normal blood pressure, 33% had prehypertension, 23% had hypertension grade 1, and 25% had hypertension grade 2. The high incidence of high blood pressure in this screening activity illustrates the urgency of community-based health programs as a follow-up effort to prevent chronic kidney disease and other more severe diseases.
Experience of anticipatory therapy with IL-6 receptor inhibitors and perspectives for its use in the evolution of COVID-19
Authors: Chulanov Vladimir P. , Bakirov Bulat A. , Vezikova Natalia N. , Gorodin Vladimir N. , Zhuravleva Marina V. , Zagrebneva Alena I. , Ivanov Igor G. , Lomakin Nikita V. , Lukina Galina V. , Moysova Diana L. , Mutovina Zinaida I.
Published: October 2022

The Advisory Board chaired by the chief specialist in infectious diseases of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Professor V.P. Chulanov was held on June 18, 2022 in Saint Petersburg.
Aim. The main purpose of the Board was following discussion:

the analysis of the real-world data of levilimab as an anticipatory therapy for COVID-19 in hospitalized patients;
the review of the experience and perspectives of levilimab as an anticipatory anti-inflammatory option for outpatient patients who meet defined clinical and laboratory criteria.

Results. The analyzed data on clinical efficacy and safety formed the basis of recommendations proposed by experts for the use of levilimab in the inpatient and outpatient medical care for COVID-19.
VULNERABLE AREAS, THE STREAM POWER INDEX AND THE SOIL CHARACTERISTICS ON THE SOUTHERN SLOPE OF THE LIPOVEI HILLS
Authors:   Department of Geography, West University of Timișoara, Faculty of Chemistry, Biology, Geography, Bd. Vasile Pârvan 4, 300223, Timișoara, Romania, MICU Dorina , URDEA Petru ,   Institute of Advanvces Environmental Research, West University of Timișoara, Oituz Str. 4, 300086, Timișoara, Romania
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study is to calculate SPI (Stream Power Index) in relation with the soil texture and to associate the obtained values with the soil permeability classes and, therefore, to identify the vulnerable areas at the action of the drainage processes, starting by the elementary processes associated with rills erosion and gullys to those ravines and torrential organisms. SPI is the product between the slope and the flow accumulation. SPI values are influenced by the slope. Thus, SPI has high values in areas with high slope and SPI has low values in areas with low slope. In the areas with the high slope, the flow accumulation is low and in the areas with the low slope, the flow accumulation is high. The high values of SPI between +1.94 and +3.49 are on the southern slope of the Lipovei Hills and represent 41.05% of the analyzed area. The inclusion of the soil texture in the SPI calculation formula indicates a medium value of SPI also on the southern slope of the Lipovei Hills and represent 42.71% from the studied territory, which corresponds, in particular, to the loamy texture. The loamy texture has moderate permeability and it is characteristic on 22.81% from the southern slope of the Lipovei Hills. Therefore, the southern slope of the Lipovei Hills is affected by the moderate ravine phenomenon and at the contact with the Timiș-Bega Plain the floods and the puddles phenomenon develops.
EVALUATION OF POTENTIALLY TOXIC METAL CONCENTRATIONS IN THE TERMINOS LAGOON, CAMPECHE, GULF OF MEXICO
Authors:   Unidad de Procesos Oceánicos y Costeros, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, CDMX., México, BOTELLO Alfonso V. , ARMSTRONG-ALTRIN John S. , VILLANUEVA Susana F. , VELANDIA Laura A. , ARELLANO Ariadna F.
Published: October 2022

The Terminos Lagoon is a region of great environmental and economic importance, due to its biodiversity, abundance of natural resources and proximity to the Campeche Sound. These characteristics encourage the development of numerous human activities in its surroundings, including oil, agricultural, industrial, urban and sanitary activities. We evaluated the concentration of Cr, Ni, Pb and V in surface sediment samples from Laguna de Terminos, Campeche, Mexico. The results obtained show that the concentrations of Cr and Pb remained below the ecological criteria of the minimum and maximum adverse ERL and ERM conditions for the biota, as well as within the ranges reported for other coastal lagoons in the Gulf of Mexico, with the exception of Pb, which decreased by almost 100%. Ni recorded values above the ERL and ERM, which have shown fluctuations in concentrations depending on the rainy and dry seasons. V maintained its concentrations below 27.73 mg/kg. High correlations were found between metals Cr – V, Cr – Ni and Ni – V, suggesting that these elements share the same source of origin. The statistics show that there are significant differences between the sampling sites PLZ and C, and PLZ and CDL. The reduction may be due to a decrease in urban, tourist, fishing and agricultural activities.
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF SOME HEAVY METALS IN SELECTED MEDICINAL PLANT SPECIES ALONG A BUSY ROAD IN VRNJAČKA BANJA, SERBIA
Authors:   School of Hospitality and Tourism with Dormitory, Vrnjačka Banja, Republic of Serbia, BABIĆ Milijana , MITRA Debasis , DAS MOHAPATRA Pradeep K. ,   Department of Microbiology, Raiganj University, Raiganj, West Bengal, India, PAPOVIĆ Olivera ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics University of Priština in Kosovska Mitrovica, Republic of Serbia, MILENKOVIĆ Jasmina , JEVTIĆ Goran , BABIĆ Snežana , ANDJELKOVIĆ Snežana ,   Institute for forage crops Kruševac, Republic of Serbia
Published: October 2022

This study reported the concentrations of Pb, Cd, Cr, Mn in parts of four medicinal plant species (Cichorium intybus L., Mentha×piperita L., Plantago lanceolata L., Verbascum densiflorum Bertol.) collected from two sites, one few meters away and the other 500 m away from a busy road in Vrnjačka Banja, Serbia. Heavy metals were determined by the atomic absorption method using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Similar content of tested metals in the soil of the tested locations was recorded, only there was more manganese in the soil closer to the road. The highest concentrations of heavy metals were found in the roots of plants closer to the road. The leaves and stem contain smaller quantities of these metals than root, but there are differences between the studied plant species. In conclusion, all examined metals were present in higher concentrations in plants at the location closest to the road than at the location further away from the road.
A SPATIAL AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE NATURAL CONDITIONS OF BLACK PINE HABITAT IN BANAT (ROMANIA)
Authors:   Department of Geography, West University of Timisoara, Timisoara, MOCIOACĂ Ecaterina , SATMARI Alina , SÎRBU Flavius , URDEA Petru
Published: October 2022

Both the European continent and Romania are occupied by significate forested areas, often represented by rare species or even virgin forests. The natural distribution of the black pine (Pinus nigra ssp. Banatica) in the Banat region of Romania is still a pending spatial problem. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to assess the sustainability of morphometric parameters in modelling of Banat black pine in Domogled and Cernei Mountains, using Geographic Information Systems instruments. A set of morphometric parameters (altitude, depth, density, slope, and curvature), econometric climatic indicators (Martonne and FAI) and Vegetation indexes (NDVI and SAVI) have been derived from a 10m DEM, Sentinel 2 satellite images and WorldClim gridded data. For the modeled data, a contour of the area where the Banat black pine is found, which was validated by in situ mapping, was used. For the purpose of this study the dependent data set was split up into presence – absence of the Banat black pine and also the data was split into training and validation for both categories. For spatial analysis of the data ArcGIS 10.8.1 was used and for the statistical analysis R software was used. We obtained four models that used between two and six independent variables. All models were validated using AUC and R2 McFadden and obtained very good scores (between 0,886 and 0,904 and between 0,37 and 0,42 respectively). The most important predictors were found to be Martonne Aridity Index, slope, and SAVI. Based on our finding we can conclude that a geomorphometric modeling approach can be used, successfully, in explaining the spatial distribution of a tree species in a marginal environment.
QUANTIFYING THE QUALITY AND DETECTING SOCIAL INEQUALITY IN THE PROSPEROUS AND DEPRIVED ZONES URBAN PARKS OF TABRIZ, IRAN
Authors:   Department of Landscape Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, 516661647, Tabriz, Iran, RAHIMI Akbar , BREUSTE Jürgen ,   Head of Research Group for Urban and Landscape Ecology, Department of Geography and Geology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria, TARASHKAR Mahsa ,   Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, 516661647, Tabriz, Iran
Published: October 2022

High-quality urban parks within the urban built environment will help create healthy and sustainable cities. This study aimed to analyze the quality of two urban parks located in deprived and prosperous zones of Tabriz city, Iran, which present high relevance for ecological equity topic. The study merely explored users’ perceived quality, considering sub-factors such as sense of place, satisfaction, security, comfort, and perception of attractiveness using a subjective method. The results show that the prosperous zone urban park (PZUP) has average quality, however, has significantly better status in terms of public satisfaction, security, comfort, perceived attractiveness, and sense of belonging to place, compared to the deprived zone urban park (DZUP). Since security influences people’s perception of other quality indicators in PZUP, approaches to increase citizens' sense of security can greatly improve the quality of PZUP. In PZUP, inducing a higher sense of security will contribute to higher comfort, a stronger sense of belonging to place, and a positive perception of attractiveness. On the contrary, there are deep quality problems in DZUP. Quality and security problems of the DZUP root in the informal settlements around the park. The results show the priority to solve the problems in the park neighborhood. These have high relevance for enhancing the equity in accessing urban parks, both in DZUP and PZUP.
ASSESSMENT OF RIVER SEDIMENT QUALITY ACCORDING TO THE EU WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE IN LOWLAND FLUVIAL CONDITIONS. A CASE STUDY IN THE DRAVA RIVER AREA, DANUBE RIVER BASIN
Authors:   Croatian Geological Survey, Sachsova 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, ŠORŠA Ajka , ČERU Teja ,   Geological Survey of Slovenia, Dimičeva ulica 14, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia, KOVÁCS Zsófia ,   General Directorate of Water Management, Márvány utca 1/D, 1012, Budapest, Hungary, JORDAN Gyozo ,   Institute for Earth Sciences, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 11/A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary, DUDÁS Katalin Mária ,   Hungarian University of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Páter Károly utca 1, 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary, SZABÓ Peter ,   Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 11/A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
Published: October 2022

The EU Water Framework Directive requires the monitoring and evaluation of surface water sediment quality based on the assessment of risk posed by contamination on the biotic receptors. Fluvial sediments are important receptors of hazardous substances (HSs) pollution from the upstream catchment areas in the Danube River Basin (DRB). For the development of systematic sediment quality monitoring and evaluation, the Drava River region on the border of Hungary and Croatia was selected as a test area representative of lowland hydromorphological conditions. Overbank (floodplain) sediments and river bottom sediments (stream sediments) were sampled at two depths at 9 locations in the test area. Eight heavy metal(oid)s were analyzed As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, and Zn as hazardous substances. The sediment quality assessment was carried out according to the 2013/39/EU Directive and EU Water Framework Directive standards. Most of the analysed HS concentrations in river bottom sediment and overbank (floodplain) sediments fall within the limits of environmental quality standards (EQS). Results show that there is no significant differences in metal(oid) HS concentrations among the various sediment types and between shallow (0-5cm) and deeper (stream sediment: 5-10cm; floodplain sediment: 40-50cm) sediment which suggests that the large lowland Drava River fluvial system is an extensive single fluvial system with homogeneous distribution of sediments and the associated contaminants. Specifically, the studied sediments in the tributaries of the Drava River do not seem to be contaminated with metal(oid) hazardous substances but at certain sites concentrations are elevated above the environmental limit values, especially for As and Zn, and to lesser extent for Cr. The data analysis techniques used enabled the identification of sites with anthropogenic pollution and the recognition of regional pattern in HSs distribution.
THE REALIZE EQUITABLE TEACHER PROTECTION THROUGH A NON-PENAL POLICY
Authors: Serah Yenny Aman , Setiawati Rini
Published: October 2022

Teacher protection has been regulated in various laws and regulations, both laws, government regulations to ministerial regulations, but the reality of teachers is still faced with problems, including the weak legal protection. Facts are revealed when problems are encountered, such as teachers experiencing criminalization with allegations of committing violence in the learning process, teachers must face the legal process themselves, and there is no mechanism for handling them. In order to realize equitable teacher protection, this study uncovers the problem of how to develop a model to realize equitable teacher protection through a non-penal policy approach. This research was used the transdisciplinary approach involving several stakeholders through the sociological juridical research method, the results of research on the importance of being regulated by regional policies were obtained through the establishment of the Legal Service and Teacher Protection Unit (UPHPG) which is a coordinating institution to solve the problem of criminalizing teachers by prioritizing non-penal policies. The non-penal policy in handling the problem of teacher criminalization through UPHPG is formulated an integral and comprehensive handling mechanism involving several stakeholders and prioritizing prevention efforts through communication, information and education to all parties, providing consultation and legal assistance as well as legal assistance services to good teachers.
THE LEGAL IMPLICATIONS OF SIGNING THE UNWTO FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON TOURISM ETHICS FOR THE SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA
Authors: Laksmidewi Cok Dian
Published: October 2022

Indonesia's international relations in the world association have implications for its commitment to participate in various global issues, including tourism. The UNWTO Framework Convention on Tourism Ethics is an international agreement made to reorganize tourism business ethics. In this study, there are two issues discussed, namely Indonesia's engagement in The UNWTO Framework Convention on Tourism Ethics and tourism business ethics in the perspective of human rights. Indonesia became the first country to sign the UNWTO Framework Convention on Tourism Ethics. Normatively, the signing of this international agreement is followed by the deposit of the instrument of ratification, acceptance or approval stating the State's approval to be bound by the treaty at the international level. Indonesia's engagement in The UNWTO Framework Convention on Tourism Ethics signifies Indonesia's commitment to rebuild tourism based on business ethics. The business ethics in sustainable tourism development will be oriented to the fulfillment of human rights. Ratification of this convention places a legal obligation on States to promote responsible and sustainable tourism development, conserve the cultural and natural tourism resources of destinations, protect local communities and ensure a responsible, sustainable and universally accessible sector.
THE RECONSTRUCTION OF INDONESIAN SHIPPING LAW IN THE SEA TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM FOR A SUCCESSFUL SEA TOLL PROGRAM AND IMPROVEMENT OF SHIPPING ADMINISTRATION
Authors: Victoria Ong Argo , Pambudi M. Aji Luhur , Dewi Ratna K.
Published: October 2022

Indonesia uses Pancasila Democracy as the main foundation as well as a source of law in the nation and state (staatfundamentalnorm). One of the sounds of the 5th principle of Pancasila is, "Social Justice for All Indonesian People" which means fair to fellow human beings, fair to oneself and fair to God (Pancasila Justice Value). The purpose of this justice in particular must cover the growing system of exploitation of authority and ambiguity in the shipping world from the strong to the weak and must also narrow the socio-economic gap in the lives of seafarers, so that prosperity is achieved that reflects that Indonesia deserves to be called a World Maritime Axis Country as in history. Srivijaya & Majapahit. However, the fair principle has not been fully enforced and there is discrimination, especially the application of several articles in Act No. 17 of 2008 concerning Shipping. This research is a qualitative research with constructivism paradigm and sociological juridical approach. The formulation of the problem in this thesis are; 1) Why is Act No.17 of 2008 concerning Shipping in the Indonesian Sea Transportation System Not Fairly Pancasila?, 2) What are the Weaknesses of Act No.17 of 2008 concerning Shipping that Affects the Suboptimal Sea Transportation System in the Success of the Toll Program Sea and Shipping Administration in Indonesia?, and 3) How to Reconstruct Act No. 17 of 2008 concerning Shipping in the Sea Transportation System for the Success of the Sea Toll Program and Improvement of Indonesian Shipping Administration based on Pancasila Justice Value? The purpose of writing this thesis is to reconstruct several articles in Act No. 17 of 2008 concerning Shipping which contain weaknesses in the Sea Transportation System for the Success of the Sea Toll Program and the Improvement of Indonesian Shipping Administration Based on Pancasila Justice Value. The results of this research are that there are several reconstructions of articles, namely Article 28 paragraph (6) in terms of granting ship operating permits held by the Directorate General, Syahbandar and specifically ASDP by the Land Transportation Management Center (BPTD), Article 59 is reconstructed with the addition of revocation of one's authority to become a crew member in the event of a serious criminal offense. Article 61, paragraph (3) is reconstructed with the addition of ship requirements and specifications. Article 151 (1) is reconstructed with the addition of a paragraph that regulates the affirmation of the welfare of seafarers and Article 169 (1) is reconstructed by giving criminal sanctions not only administrative sanctions. It is hoped that with this reconstruction the Sea Transportation system in the Sea Toll Program will be able to improve the Shipping Administration System in Pancasila Justice Value.
Measuring Online Learning Strategies During The Covid-19 Pandemic: Instrument Validity and Reliability
Authors: Yanda Diyan Permata , Ramadhanti Dina
Published: October 2022

This study aims to describe the validity and reliability of the learning strategy questionnaire instrument used during the Covid-19 pandemic. By using a quantitative approach, measurement of the learning strategy questionnaire was developed based on six language learning strategies, namely: cognitive strategies, memory strategies, compensation strategies, metacognitive strategies, affective strategies, and social strategies. A total of 17 students were randomly selected to be the test subjects of the learning strategy instrument. By using SPSS 23, the bivariate product moment correlate test was used to determine the validity of the questionnaire items and Cronbach's Alpha test to determine the reliability of the questionnaire. The results showed that as many as 124 questionnaire items were tested on respondents, it was found that 92 questionnaire items were declared valid and overall the questionnaire items were declared reliable or consistent. Thus, as many as 92 items of this learning strategy questionnaire statement can be used to measure the types of language learning strategies used by students, both for online learning and face-to-face learning.
Curb Your Heroism: How Larry David, an Old, Bald Misanthrope, Won the Hearts of Millions
Authors:   University of Richmond, Allison Scott , Beggan Jame , Efthimiou Olivia
Published: October 2022

For eleven television seasons, viewers of the series Curb Your Enthusiasm have been witness to a main character in Larry David who paradoxically displays attributes that are both endearing and revolting. This article offers an analysis of Larry David’s character with the goal of ascertaining his heroic nature, specifically focusing on whether he best meets the scientific criteria for a hero or for an antihero. Drawing from the literature of heroism science, we examine a large body of evidence from episodes of the series supporting arguments for both heroism and antiheroism in Larry’s character. Consistent with definitions of heroism, Larry manifests deviance, humility, loyalty to principles, and a growth mindset. Yet consistent with antiheroism, Larry shows selfishness, social insensitivity, manipulativeness, and resistance to growth. We conclude that any inconsistencies in his character can be understood through a consideration of Curb Your Enthusiasm’s comedic goals and sensibilities.
John Wick: Keanu Reeves’s Epic Adventure
Authors: Hall Ann
Published: October 2022

Three films create the John Wick universe and franchise: John Wick (2014), John Wick: Chapter 2 (2017), and John Wick: Chapter 3, Parabellum (2019). A fourth film is scheduled to be released in March 2023. All are wildly popular, and all are criticized for violence, particularly gun violence. I argue, however, that by examining the visual references that appear in all the films, it becomes clear that the films are defending themselves from such attacks through their allusions to ancient and classical epics from around the world. As Wick battles his way through museums and beautiful cities, the film reminds us that art, all art—fine and popular--relies on violence. Wick follows many of the traditions of the epic hero, and in the end, thanks to the visual cues in the films, he is no different than Achilles or Hector or even High Noon’s Will Kane. And if there is a hero, and if there is art, there will be blood.