bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Author Correction: Nanoparticle conjugates of a highly potent toxin enhance safety and circumvent platinum resistance in ovarian cancer
Authors: Qi Ruogu , Wang Yongheng , Bruno Peter M. , Xiao Haihua , Yu Yingjie , Li Ting , Lauffer Sam , Wei Wei , Chen Qixian , Kang Xiang , Song Haiqin , Yang Xi , Huang Xing , Detappe Alexandre , Matulonis Ursula , Pepin David , Hemann Michael T. , Birrer Michael J. , Ghoroghchian P. Peter
Published: April 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Retraction Note: Acute Toxicity and Gastroprotection Studies of a New Schiff Base Derived Manganese (II) Complex against HCl/Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcerations in Rats
Authors: Ibrahim Mohamed Yousif , Hashim Najihah Mohd , Dhiyaaldeen Summaya M. , Al-Obaidi Mazen M. Jamil , El-Ferjani Rashd M. , Adam Hoyam , Alkotaini Bassam , Batran Rami Al , Ali Hapipah Mohd
Published: April 2020

This paper has been retracted.
Chromatographic detection of low-molecular-mass metal complexes in the cytosol of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Nguyen Trang Q , Kim Joshua E , Brawley Hayley N , Lindahl Paul A
Published: April 2020

Fluorescence-based chelators are commonly used to probe labile low-molecular-mass (LMM) metal pools in the cytosol of eukaryotic cells, but such chelators destroy the complexes of interest during detection. The objective of this study was to use chromatography to directly detect such complexes. Towards this end, 47 batches of cytosol were isolated from fermenting S. cerevisiae yeast cells and passed through a 10 kDa cut-off membrane. The metal contents of the cytosol and resulting flow-through solution (FTS) were determined. FTSs were applied to a size-exclusion LC column located in an anaerobic refrigerated glove box. The LC system was coupled to an online inductively-coupled-plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) for detection of individual metals. Iron-detected chromatograms of cytosolic FTSs from WT cells exhibited 2–4 major species with apparent masses between 500–1300 Da. Increasing the iron concentration in the growth medium 40-fold increased the overall intensity of these peaks. Approximately 3 LMM cytosolic copper complexes with apparent masses between 300–1300 Da were also detected; their LC intensities were weak, but these increased with increasing concentrations of copper in the growth medium. Observed higher-mass copper-detected peaks were tentatively assigned to copper-bound metallothioneins Cup1 and Crs5. FTSs from strains in which Cup1 or the Cox17 copper chaperone were deleted altered the distribution of LMM copper complexes. LMM zinc- and manganese-detected species were also present in cytosol, albeit at low concentrations. Supplementing the growth medium with zinc increased the intensity of the zinc peak assigned to Crs5 but the intensities of LMM zinc complexes were unaffected. Phosphorus-detected chromatograms were dominated by peaks at apparent masses 400–800 Da, with minor peaks at 1000–1500 Da in some batches. Sulfur chromatograms contained a low-intensity peak that comigrated with a glutathione standard; quantification suggested a GSH concentration in the cytosol of ca. 13 mM. A second LMM sulfur peak that migrated at an apparent mass of 100 Da was also evident.
1,2-Diaza-4-phospholide complexes of chromium(ii): dipotassium organochromates behaving as single-molecule magnets
Authors: Su Jing , Yin Lei , Ouyang Zhongwen , Wang Zhenxing , Zheng Wenjun
Published: April 2020

Heterobimetallic 1,2-diaza-4-phospholide chromium(ii) complexes with a near-square planar geometry behave as field-induced single-molecule magnets, as characterized by HF-EPR and magnetic measurements.
A new approach to the synthesis of trinuclear gold(i) imidazolate complexes and their silver(i)-induced photoluminescence behavior
Authors: Ruiz Javier , Sol Daniel , Mateo María A. , Vivanco Marilín , Badía-Laiño Rosana
Published: April 2020

Triangular gold(i) N-arylimidazolate clusters have been prepared by a pNHC metalation protocol and their photoluminescence has been switched on by the addition of Ag+.
Interaction of nanoparticle properties and X-ray analytical techniques
Authors: Unterumsberger Rainer , Hönicke Philipp , Kayser Yves , Pollakowski-Herrmann Beatrix , Gholhaki Saeed , Guo Quanmin , Palmer Richard E. , Beckhoff Burkhard
Published: April 2020

In this work, Pt–Ti core–shell nanoparticles were characterized using reference-free X-ray fluorescence analysis and used for the investigation of the modification of the X-Ray Standing Wave (XSW) field intensity with increasing NP surface coverage.
Dynamics of lattice defects in mixed DNA origami monolayers
Authors: Xin Yang , Ji Xueyin , Grundmeier Guido , Keller Adrian
Published: April 2020

DNA origami lattice formation at solid–liquid interfaces is surprisingly resilient toward the incorporation of DNA origami impurities with different shapes.
Aromatic imide/amide-based organic small-molecule emitters for organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Qin Yuanyuan , Li Guoping , Qi Ting , Huang Hui
Published: April 2020

Aromatic imide/amide-based organic small molecules as emitters in organic light-emitting diodes have caught increasing attention. This study summarized their advances in terms of device performance and molecular design rules over the past 20 years.
Interaction effects on a gold nanoparticle-based colorimetric assay for antioxidant capacity evaluation of polyphenols
Authors: Wang Yanhui , Liu Shiqi , Yang Mengnan , Taha Ahmed Aboueloyoun , Wang Jing , Ma Chao
Published: April 2020

Interaction effects of endogenous polyphenols remarkably influenced the performance of gold nanoparticle-based colorimetric assay for antioxidant capacity evaluation.
Self-enhanced multicolor electrochemiluminescence by competitive electron-transfer processes
Authors: Voci Silvia , Duwald Romain , Grass Stéphane , Hayne David J. , Bouffier Laurent , Francis Paul S. , Lacour Jérôme , Sojic Neso
Published: April 2020

Controlling electrochemiluminescence (ECL) color(s) is crucial for many applications ranging from multiplexed bioassays to ECL microscopy.
Surface-induced enantiomorphic crystallization of achiral fullerene derivatives in thin films
Authors: Wang Chao , Hao Hua , Hashizume Daisuke , Tajima Keisuke
Published: April 2020

Chiral induction: surface-segregated monolayers of chiral molecules induce the enantiomorphic crystallization of achiral fullerene derivatives in thin films.
Methane dry reforming in a coking- and sintering-free liquid alloy-salt catalytic system
Authors: Yang Qinghai , Zhou Congquan , Ni Jihong , Guan Xiaofei
Published: April 2020

We present the first demonstration of a coking- and sintering-free liquid NiBi–K2CO3 catalytic system for methane dry reforming.
NAD+ attenuates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis through induction of CD11b+ gr-1+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells
Authors: Wang Jin-Li , Li Bin , Tan Guo-Jun , Gai Xiao-Li , Xing Jun-Na , Wang Jue-Qiong , Quan Mo-Yuan , Zhang Ning , Guo Li
Published: April 2020

Objective: To investigate the effects of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) on the pathogenesis of the animal model for multiple sclerosis (MS)-experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).

Methods: EAE model was induced by myelin oligodendrocyte protein (MOG 35-55). Clinical scores of EAE were measured in mice with or without NAD+ treatment. Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) and Luxol Fast Blue (LFB) staining were performed to assess inflammation and demyelination, respectively. Expressions of target proteins were measured by Western blot. The numbers of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) were measured by immunofluorescent staining and flow cytometry. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the expressions of inflammatory cytokine in serum.

Results: NAD+ treatment could decrease inflammatory cells and demyelination foci, attenuate the clinical scores of EAE and slightly delay disease onset. Western blot showed that NAD+ treatment up-regulated the expression of phosphorylated-STAT6 (p-STAT6) and SIRT1. Besides, NAD+ treatment up-regulated the expression of p-IκB and down-regulated the expression of p-NF-κB. In addition, NAD+ treatment could increase the numbers of CD11b+ gr-1+ MDSCs and the expression of Arginase-1. Moreover, NAD+ treatment up-regulated the expressions of IL-13 and down-regulated the expression of IFN-γ and IL-17.

Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that NAD+ treatment may induce the CD11b+ gr-1+ MDSCs to attenuate EAE via activating the phosphorylation of STAT6 expression. Therefore, NAD+ should be considered as a potential novel therapeutic strategy for MS.
New flexible directional filter bank by tuning Hermite transform parameters for content based medical image retrieval
Authors: Shinde Amita , Rahulkar Amol , Patil Chetankumar
Published: April 2020

This study presents a flexible directional filter bank (DFB) by tuning Hermite transform parameters for content‐based medical image retrieval (CBMIR). Two imperative Hermite transform parameters such as the scale of Gaussian kernel and the order of Hermite polynomial are tuned to adapt the flexible Hermite orthogonal basis to improve the retrieval performance of the CBMIR system. First, the tuned 1D Hermite filter transformed into 2D diamond shape filter by McClellan transformation and made it adequate for the directional decomposition of images using DFB structure. The dominant features of these directionally decomposed images are extracted by the rotation‐invariant local neighbourhood frequency pattern. The mean retrieval precision is used as a high‐level criterion to measure retrieval performance. The proposed method is assessed on three medical image databases: two for computed tomography and one for magnetic resonance imaging and achieved 99.41, 89.07, and 88.71% mean precision, respectively, when ten images are returned by the system.
Urdu handwritten text recognition: a survey
Authors: Husnain Mujtaba , Saad Missen Malik Muhammad , Mumtaz Shahzad , Coustaty Mickaël , Luqman Muzzamil , Ogier Jean‐Marc
Published: April 2020

Work on the problem of handwritten text recognition in Urdu script has been an active research area. A significant progress is made in this interesting and challenging field in the last few years. In this study, the authors presented a comprehensive survey for a number of offline and online handwritten text recognition systems for Urdu script written in Nastaliq font style from 2004 to 2019. Following features make their contribution worthwhile and unique among the reviews of a similar kind: (i) their review classifies the existing studies based on types of recognition systems used for Urdu handwritten text, (ii) it covers a very different outlook of the recognition process of the Urdu handwritten text at different granularity levels (e.g. character, word, ligature, or sentence level), (iii) this review article also presents each of surveyed articles in following dimensions: the task performed, its granularity level, dataset used, results obtained, and future dimensions, and (iv) lastly it gives the summary of the surveyed articles according to the granularity levels, publishing years, related tasks or subtasks, and types of classifiers used. In the end, major challenges and tasks related to Urdu handwritten text recognition approaches are also discussed in detail.
MRGAN: a generative adversarial networks model for global mosaic removal
Authors: Cao Zhiyi , Niu Shaozhang , Zhang Jiwei , Wang Xinyi
Published: April 2020

In this study, the authors introduce a novel deep generative adversarial networks (GANs) model for global mosaic removal. The methods used in the proposed study consist of GANs model and a novel algorithm for maintaining and repairing (MR) images. The conventional mosaic removal algorithms all employ the correlation between the inserted pixel and its neighbouring pixels, which have a limited effect on the local mosaic removal but do not work well for the global mosaic removal. To respond to this difficulty, the authors introduce an MRGAN model with two novel parsing networks. Unlike previous GANs, the MR algorithm is used to calculate the pixel loss and content loss. The experimental comparison results show that the proposed MRGAN model has achieved leading results for the global mosaic removal task.
Particle swarm optimisation with grey wolf optimisation for optimal container resource allocation in cloud
Authors: Vhatkar Kapil Netaji , Bhole Girish P.
Published: April 2020

In the cloud sector, as the applications used by users are exploited via micro‐service pattern, the container allocation seems to be the most vital process. This has further been concentrated with more care for its beneficiary acts like easier employment, limited overheads and higher portability. For the past few decades, various contributions have been made under the container management and allocation as well. Under these circumstances, this study intends to design an optimal resource allocation and management model by incorporating the concept of optimisation, which guarantees optimal container allocation. To make this possible, this study establishes a novel hybrid algorithm, namely velocity‐updated grey wolf optimisation (VU‐GWO), which is the hybridisation of two renowned algorithms particle swarm optimisation and grey wolf optimization, respectively. More importantly, the solution of optimised resource allocation is influenced by the designing of a novel objective function, which concerns the constraints like balanced cluster use, threshold distance, system failure, and total network distance as well. At last, the performance of the presented scheme is evaluated over other traditional schemes, and the betterment of the proposed model is validated.
Extreme power saving directional MAC protocol in IEEE 802.11ah networks
Authors: Ngo Quynh T. , Dang Duc N.M. , Le‐Trung Quan
Published: April 2020

In this study, a novel directional medium access control scheme with an extreme power saving mechanism is developed for traffic indication map stations in the IEEE 802.11ah networks. To improve the aggregate throughput, stations are managed based on their geographical locations in combination with the employment of directional operation mode on the access point. In addition to the restricted access window mechanism used in the IEEE 802.11ah standard for power saving, an adaptive transmission power scheme is proposed for uplink transmission to leverage the power‐saving efficiency. With the proposed access scheme, the network performance is significantly enhanced compared to the IEEE 802.11ah standard. The analytical models for throughput and energy consumption are formulated using Markov Chains under unsaturated conditions. The simulation results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed directional access scheme under various network scenarios.
Frequency‐modulated diverse array transmit beamforming with bat metaheuristic optimisation
Authors: Yaw Nusenu Shaddrack , Basit Abdul
Published: April 2020

Frequency diverse array (FDA) as a new array technology with range‐, angle‐ and time‐dependent beamforming has received much attention, especially in the application of radar systems. In FDA, the element indices employed frequency increments to produce angle–range beamforming. This study proposes bat metaheuristic algorithm‐based synthesis technique to uncouple the FDA angle–range beamforming. Specifically, the authors optimise the frequency increment, amplitude weighting and phase weighting with bat metaheuristic algorithm to obtain single‐dot and multi‐dot shape transmit beamforming. In addition, they take into account the real scenario, i.e. the propagation time of the radiated signal arriving at the target position. It is demonstrated that the proposed bat algorithm FDA achieves more focused beamforming (i.e. narrower mainlobe) and better sidelobes levels (peak to sidelobe ratio) compared to other frequency increment techniques in the literature.
Assessing the role of thermal erosion in channel deformation processes in rivers of permafrost zone
Authors: Debolskaya Elena , Maslikova Oksana , Gritsuk Ilya
Published: April 2020

The study is focused on the deformations caused by the impact of water flow in a river channel composed of melt-able permafrost rocks. It is based on the results of laboratory and mathematical simulation. The results of numerical calculations are compared with data of laboratory and field observations. The study shows that a comprehensive and adequate model of river channel deformations should take into account not only ablation, but also other factors, including heat transfer in the soil, sediment transport, and bank slope collapses. Numerical experiments with an improved mathematical model, applied to long time intervals, have shown that the differences between the averaged deformations, calculated by a model of ablation alone, i.e., ignoring bank slope collapses and sediment transport, and a comprehensive model can be considerable. Experiments in a hydraulic flume were good enough to reproduce the effect of delayed collapse, consisting in nonsimultaneous impacts of channel-forming rock melting and a freshet.
Maximum water level calculation based on 2-dimensional DELFT-3D model, the case study of the Oka river
Authors: Terskii Pavel , Rakcheeva Elizaveta , Kharlamov Maksim , Pavlovskiy Andrey , Zemlyanov Igor
Published: April 2020

This research represents methodical approach and main results of water level hydrodynamic modeling for real summer low-water season and extreme spring flood of 1% probability. The object of modeling is 105 km length section of the Oka River in Moscow region between Kashira and Kolomna urban districts. Modeling object includes also the Moscow River section downstream the Severka River mouth. Two-dimensional hydrodynamic model constructed using DELFT-3D. To build the model we used the detailed elevation model and hydrological conditions based on in-situ measurements in 2019, special estimated discharge and water level time-series of 1% exceedance probability based on reference year observations and distributed Chezy coefficient calibration. The model implementation resulted in the actual detailed distribution of the water discharge, velocity and level along the Oka River section (including the downstream Moscow River) for low-water and extremely high water periods. These results are used for the flood zone delineation in the Kashira and Kolomna urban districts.
Drought dynamics in the East European Plain for the period 1980-2018
Authors: Kharlamov Maxim , Kireeva Maria
Published: April 2020

Drought is one of the most dangerous natural hazards that has a huge impact on the economy and population in the world and in Russia as well. A large number of studies speak of an increase in the number of droughts and low flow conditions, including Russia. In this work, an analysis was made of the conditions for droughts in the East European Plain over the past 38 years based on the data from the ERA-5 reanalysis. The atmospheric precipitation, air temperature over the seasons and the Palmer index (as a general indicator) for the study area were analyzed. Much attention was paid to the characteristics of the winter period, since the supposedly mild winters create favorable conditions for the formation of droughts in the summer period. It was found that the main factors affecting the drought formation of 2007-2018 was the lack of summer rainfall, and the remaining factors played a “preparatory” role in the process of the formation of large-scale drought.
Geocryological conditions triggering thermokarst processes in Central Yakutia
Authors: Nesterova Nataliia , Makarieva Olga , Fedorov Alexander , Shikhov Andrey
Published: April 2020

The use of the Central Yakutia Landsat images revealed an increase in the area of thermokarst lakes by two times for the Suola and Taatta River basins and a quarter times in the Tanda River basin during the period 2000-2019. The abrupt increase in the lakes area is due to shortterm periods of abnormal rising in the active layer temperature, which are caused by high values of snow water equivalent and total annual precipitation. Increased soil moisture and the warming effect of snow cover led to the decrease of the intensity of soil freezing and increase of the temperature of the ground top layer. The combination of these factors triggered the activation of thermokarst processes, which led to a sharp, more than 1.5 times, increase of the thermokarst lakes area in 2007-2008.
Aspects of the modern biogens runoff formation in the central part of the Russian Plain
Authors: Dolgov Sergey , Koronkevich Nikolay , Barabanova Elena
Published: April 2020

The removal of biogenic substances (mineral nitrogen and phosphorus) from river catchments and its modern aspects of formation are considered. A rough estimate of the annual water-biogenic balance for the Linda and Kudma river catchments, which are the tributaries of the Cheboksary reservoir, and the river catchments of the Kursk region is presented. It is shown that the diffuse removal of biogens from river catchments exceeds their removal into water bodies with wastewater. Not only anthropogenic, but also natural factors play an important role in the biogens export to the rivers and waterbodies. Resent changes in biogens removal from catchments are assessed.
Hydraulic calculations of storm sewer networks
Authors: Primin Oleg , Ten Andrey , Khudyakova Daria
Published: April 2020

Surface run-off (SR) produced on the territory of cities and other settlement as a result of atmospheric precipitation is an intensive source of the technogenic pollution of environment, including the waterbodies. In accordance with the existing legislation of the Russian Federation, SR requires organized disposal and treatment according to the standards of regulatory documents. In this article we analyze the European document BS EN 752:2017 with regard to determining the flow-rates of surface (storm-water) run-off, and the calculations are made by the authors, which demonstrate that the application of foreign software products is impossible in Russia, due to the differences between the existing Russian regulatory and methodological documents and the European standards. Nevertheless, for the development of electronic models of hydraulic calculations for a storm-water drainage network, the mathematical relationship, which most adequately characterizes the type of surface run-off hydrograph most frequent for the territory of the Russian Federation as a result of atmospheric precipitation, was found. The relevant algorithm of the hydraulic calculation of storm-water drainage networks was also developed.
Polychemical pollution of surface waters and permafrost-affected soils in Central and North Yakutia and in North-West Siberia
Authors: Lupachev Aleksei , Danilov Petr , Ksenofontova Marta , Lodygin Evgeny , Usacheva Anna , Kalinin Pavel , Tikhonravova Yana , Butakov Vladislav
Published: April 2020

The concentration of main organic and inorganic pollutants (heavy metals, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, radionuclides) in surface waters and in water-soil solutions was analysed on three keysites within the permafrost zone: Tazovsky Peninsula (North-West Siberia), Kolyma Lowland (North Yakutia) and adjacent to Yakutsk (Central Yakutia). In the majority of sampling points that are not directly impacted by human activity, the pollutants accumulate in the uppermost organogenic and organo-mineral horizons of natural soils. At the human-affected keysites the major pollutants may accumulate not only in the superficial horizons of the disturbed soils due to the surface runoff but also in the central parts of the profile, in the material buried by cryogenic, solifluction or fluvial processes and in some cases – in the suprapermafrost horizons and in the upper layer of permafrost transported via suprapermafrost water runoff.
Spatial variability of biogenic elements and organic carbon content in the tributaries of Lake Baikal
Authors: Sharapova Ekaterina , Efimova Ludmila , Denisova Irina , Ermekova Aida , Lychagin Mikhail , Chalov Sergey
Published: April 2020

The article considers the features of biogenic elements and organic carbon (Corg) content spatial variability in the Lake Baikal tributaries. The role of hydrological conditions and landscape-geochemical features in the chemical elements flow formation is shown. It was found that organic carbon in the river waters is represented mainly by its dissolved form. In the lower reaches of the Selenga, erosion processes and economic activity in the catchment area increase the proportion of suspended forms of organic carbon and mineral phosphorus. In the river delta under the influence of the sedimentation and the intake of organic matter formed during aquatic vegetation decomposition, the content of dissolved Corg increases with a contemporary decrease in its suspended form. As a result of intensification of production and destruction processes in well-heated areas of the delta, a significant decrease in the concentrations of mineral phosphorus and an increase in organic phosphorus occur.
On the myths in hydrology and in other earth sciences
Authors: Dobrovolski Serguei , Istomina Mariia , Lebedeva Irina
Published: April 2020

Following scientific myths, which are widely spread in hydrology and in other earth sciences, are discussed. (1) The total water mass on land surface statistically significantly diminishes during last century. (2) Many time series of annual river runoff demonstrate nonstationary character. (3) The first-order Markov chain is a dominating model in the stochastic description of the long time series of annual runoff. (4) Because of the global heating, annual discharges of the northern rivers will inevitably grow during the 21st century. (5) The main contribution to uncertainty of the forecast of the runoff through the end of the 21st century is made by uncertainty in scenarios of emission of greenhouse gases and divergences in results of modeling of the climatic system by GCMs. (6) The most shocking myth: the idea of the deterministic positive trend within the mean global temperature during last 100 years.
Theoretical calculations of nonlinear optical calculations of 2D materials
Authors: Ventura G.B. , Passos D.J. , Viana Parente Lopes J.M. , Lopes dos Santos J.M.B.
Published: April 2020

One important feature of two dimensional (2D) materials is that they possess an exceptional nonlinear optical (NLO) response to light, with conduc¬tivities that are several orders of magnitude larger than their 3D counterparts. The theoretical descriptions of these NLO responses in crystalline systems in¬volve two different representations of the perturbation: the length and velocity gauges. The former has been the formalism of choice for the past two decades; the latter was implemented only recently, due to concerns that it could not be pratically implemented without breaking sum rules – a set of identities that en¬sure the equivalence between the two formalisms – which would then render the results unphysical. In this work, we shall review and summarize our contri¬butions to the study of the two formalisms and of their relationship by means of the aforementioned sum rules.
Modelling isolated hydrogen impurity in Lu2O3 with muonium spectroscopy
Authors: Vilão Rui C. , Vieira Ricardo B.L. , Alberto Helena V. , Gil João M. , Weidinger Alois , Lichti Roger L. , Mengyan Patrick W. , Baker Britany B. , Lord James S.
Published: April 2020

We identified in this experiment two muon configurations in Lu2O3, the oxygen-bound (O-Mu+) ground state and a metastable (energy barrier 0.7(3) eV) atom-like excited state. These configurations are partially not formed immediately after implantation but somewhat delayed due to the requirement of a lattice rearrangement around the muon. These rearrangement processes occur on a timescale of ns to µs and are thus observable in µSR experiments. A special role plays a fairly long-lived (ns to µs) transition state as an intermediate step in the reaction process.
Micromagnetic study of the vortex state in sub-micron iron discs
Authors: Peixoto Ludgero , Sousa C. , Navas D. , Araújo J.P.
Published: April 2020

Magnetic nanostructures have been widely studied due to its poten¬tial applicability into several research fields such as data storage, sensing and biomedical applications. In this work, micromagnetic simulations (mumax3) of sub-micron iron discs are performed for different normalized inter-dot distance (distance/diameter), to better understand the magnetic behaviour of these nanos-tructures. Two sets of samples were studied: ideal circular discs and disc-shaped nanostructures (based on images of real samples). By analyzing the nucleation and annihilation fields and the magnetic susceptibility, it was found that the (ideal) discs could be considered as isolated for inter-dot distances greater than twice the raidus of the disc (2R). The difference in the shape of the disc-shaped nanostructures resulted in an in-plane anisotropy, noticeable on the hysteresis loops for different directions.
Magnetostriction in Amorphous Co66Fe34 Microcantilevers Fabricated with Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon
Authors: Silveira B.M. , Belo J.H. , Pinto R. , Silva J.A. , Ferreira T.D. , Pires A.L. , Chu V. , Conde J.P. , Frazão O. , Pereira A.M.
Published: April 2020

To study the magnetostriction of Co66Fe34 thin films, amorphous silicon microcantilevers were prepared by surface micromachining, and the 136 nm-thick magnetostrictive film was deposited by electron beam physical vapor deposition and patterned on top of the microcantilever structure. The magnetostriction of the Co66Fe34 films was confirmed by measuring the deflection of the cantilevers under a varying magnetic field, reaching displacements up to 8 nm. The configuration was simulated using COMSOL software, yielding a similar deflection behavior as a function of the magnetic field, with a film with a magneto strictive coefficient of λ S ~ 55 p.p.m. The experimental configuration uses a laser and a position sensitive detector to measure the displacement, based on an optical lever configuration, and a piezoelectric stage to calibrate the system.
Probing the Global Delocalization Transition in the de Moura-Lyra Model with the Kernel Polynomial Method
Authors: Khan N.A. , Santos Pires J.P. , Viana Parente Lopes J.M. , Lopes dos Santos J.M.B.
Published: April 2020

In this paper, we report numerical calculations of the localization length in a non-interacting one-dimensional tight-binding model at zero tem¬perature, holding a correlated disorder model with an algebraic power-spectrum (de Moura-Lyra model). Our calculations were based on a Kernel Polynomial implementation of the Thouless formula for the inverse localization length of a general nearest-neighbor 1D tight-binding model with open boundaries. Our results confirm the delocalization of all eigenstates in de Moura-Lyra model for α > 1 and a localization length which diverges as ξ ∝ (1 – α)–1 for α → 1–, at all energies in the weak disorder limit (as previously seen in [12]).
Further steps of Cryptorchestia garbinii invasion in Polish inland waters with insights into its molecular diversity in Central and Western Europe
Authors: Rewicz Tomasz , Brodecki Jarosław , Bącela-Spychalska Karolina , Konopacka Alicja , Grabowski Michał
Published: April 2020

Cryptorchestia garbinii Ruffo, Tarocco and Latella, 2014 (Amphipoda: Talitridae), a semiterrestrial amphipod, reported (as Orchestia cavimana Heller, 1865) from the Polish inland waters, e.g., the lowermost Vistula River, for the first time in 2009. Now, we have reported this species from the upper Oder River, which is c.a. 350 km SE from the closest known localities near Berlin, Germany. We confirmed its identity by the DNA barcodes and showed that all individuals found so far in other countries in Central and Western Europe represent the same haplotype, excluding a singleton from the locus typicus of this species in Lake Garda, Italy.
Statistical characteristics of sources of vehicle kinematic excitation
Authors: Melcer Jozef , Merčiaková Eva , Kúdelčíková Mária
Published: April 2020

The longitudinal and transverse road profiles represent the functions of a random variable from a mathematical point of view. It is appropriate to use methods of probability theory and mathematical statistics for their description. The unevenness of the runway surface is the main source of the vehicle's kinematic excitation. This paper describes the statistical properties of the mapped road profiles. It shows a way of categorizing road surface quality based on the power spectral density of unevenness. The interrelationships between the individual points of the profile and the profiles with one another are evaluated by correlation functions.
Rectangular tank under the seismic load
Authors: Jendželovský Norbert , Uhlířová Lenka
Published: April 2020

Tanks have been currently used for the storage of various substances, in particular as drinking water storage tanks and for storage of various technical fluids. Rectangular tanks have advantages over cylindrical tanks, such as: lower sensitivity to unilateral loads and better use of space when used in a system of tanks. The rectangular tank analyzed in this article is filled with water. During the dynamic analysis of the tank, it was loaded by an accelerogram of a natural earthquake. In the calculation, the method of direct integration over time was used, considering damping. From the accelerogram a response spectrum was generated and applied as an additional loading of the tank. The static model of the tank was created in the ANSYS program, which works on the basis of the finite element method (FEM).
Optimal adjustment of FE model of concrete slab exposed to impact loading
Authors: Jindra Daniel , Hradil Petr , Kala Jiří
Published: April 2020

Numerical approach using FEM has been used to describe the behaviour of concrete slab exposed to impact loading. 3D parametrical numerical model has been created, and the influence of various parameters values on model response is being investigated. The analyses have been conducted using explicit numerical solver of commercially available software LS-Dyna. The optimal adjustment of the model has been determined.
Design and strength analysis of C-hook for load using the finite element method
Authors: Lengvarský Pavol , Mantič Martin , Huňady Róbert
Published: April 2020

The special type of C-hook is investigated in this paper. The C-hook is designed to carry a special load, where is not possible to use classical hooks or chain slings. The designed hook is consisted of two arms that ensure the stability of the load being carried. The finite element analysis is performed for the control of the stress and deformation state in the whole hook. The fatigue analysis is performed for the check of a lifetime of C-hook.
Experimental and numerical analysis of ceiling panel deflection
Authors: Hegedusova Iveta , Kormanikova Eva , Kotrasova Kamila , Priganc Sergej
Published: April 2020

The subject matter of the article is the comparison of behaviour of the actual ceiling panels exposed to an aggressive environment and the software-modelled panels while their functioning conditions taken into account are identical. The article presents the comparison based on deflections obtained on the ceiling panels. Comparison is expressed by analysis of the panel load-deflection relation.
Strahlentherapie spinaler Tumoren
Authors: Straube Christoph , Combs Stephanie E.
Published: April 2020

Die Behandlung maligner Erkrankungen der Wirbelsäule ist grundsätzlich multidiziplinär angelegt. In vielen Fällen wird daher nach einer Operation, in Einzelfällen auch neoadjuvant oder als Alternative zur Operation, eine Strahlentherapie diskutiert. Die vorliegende Arbeit soll die Möglichkeiten, die Wirksamkeit und auch die Grenzen der modernen Radioonkologie aufzeigen. Dabei werden die typischen Indikationen zur Strahlentherapie besprochen und die zu erwartende Prognose und evtl. auftretende Nebenwirkungen besprochen. Weiterhin wird auf die Wechselwirkungen zwischen der operativen Versorgung inklusive der verwendeten Implantate und der sich anschließenden Bestrahlung eingegangen.
Last und Vorbote
Authors: Scheunemann Finn
Published: April 2020

Die erektile Dysfunktion (ED) betrifft rund 20 % der Männer und weist eine Zunahme mit dem Alter auf. ED kann über den Leidensdruck hinaus Vorbote kardiovaskulärer Ereignisse sein. Die Ursachen einer ED können vielfältig sein, beispielsweise können ein zu geringer Testosteronspiegel oder eine Durchblutungsstörung die Beschwerden auslösen, oft sind auch mehrere Ursachen beteiligt. Die Behandlung der ED hängt von ihren Ursachen ab. Sie kann demnach beispielsweise eine Verbesserung des Hormonstatus, Stärkung des Allgemeinzustandes oder antientzündliche Behandlungen umfassen.
Aktuelles zur Meningokokken- und Pneumokokken-Impfung
Authors: Knuf Markus , Kunze Alexa
Published: April 2020

Infektionen mit Neisseria meningitidis sind eine der Todesursachen bei Kindern jenseits der Neugeborenenperiode mit der höchsten Inzidenz bei Säuglingen unter 12 Monaten. Die Epidemiologie invasiver Meningokokken-Erkrankungen (IME) variiert regional und temporär sowie die auslösenden Serotypen (A, B, C, W, X und Y) betreffend. IME zeigen einen akuten Verlauf und bedeuten eine hohe Langzeitbelastung für jeden Einzelnen. Bis zu 10 % der Patienten sterben innerhalb der ersten 48 Stunden. Bei 10–20 % der Überlebenden finden sich Folgeschäden. Nach Einführung der Routine-MenC-Impfung bleiben MenB und WY ein ernstzunehmender Grund von IME. In Deutschland ist die Inzidenz von IMD insgesamt niedrig und abnehmend. Es sind zwei verschiedene MenB-Impfstoffe verfügbar. Beide basieren auf einer Multikomponenten-Proteinstruktur. Die MenC-Vakzine ist ein Konjugatimpfstoff.

Streptococcus pneumoniae kolonisiert den menschlichen Nasopharynx. Abhängig vom Wirt und weiteren Faktoren können durch Pneumokokken invasive Erkrankungen (IPD), wie Meningitis, Sepsis und bakterielle Pneumonie, ausgelöst werden. Es sind zwei verschiedene Vakzin-Typen verfügbar, zum einen konjugierte und zum anderen ein unkonjugierter Impfstoff (Polysaccharidimpfstoff). Konjugierte Polysaccharid-Impfstoffe (PCV) sind in zwei verschiedenen Formulierungen verfügbar, 10- und 13-valent. Bei Erwachsenen kommt ein 23-valenter unkonjugierter Polysaccarid-Impfstoff zur Anwendung. Mehr als 30 Länder haben weltweit inzwischen im Rahmen nationaler Impfprogramme 7 den, 10- bzw. 13-valenten PCV eingeführt. Es sind eine hohe Wirksamkeit und Effektivität unter den geimpften als auch ungeimpften Kindern und Erwachsenen nachweisbar. Allerdings ist auch ein Anstieg der IPD zu beobachten, welche durch Serotypen verursacht werden, die nicht im Impfstoff enthalten sind. Dieses Phänomen wird „Replacement” genannt.
Was wir über die Masernimpfung wissen sollten
Authors: Schuster Volker
Published: April 2020

Masern sind eine hochansteckende Infektionskrankheit mit einem hohen Risiko für akute und chronische Komplikationen. Die zweimalige Masern-Lebendimpfung bietet einen Schutz von bis zu 99 % und könnte – sofern konsequent durchgeführt – letztlich zu einer Masernelimination führen: In Deutschland liegen die Durchimpfungsquoten immer noch deutlich unter 95 %. Als Folge finden sich jährliche Masernausbrüche. Aus diesem Grund wird 2020 in Deutschland eine Masern-Impfpflicht eingeführt, die nicht nur Kinder, sondern auch Erwachsene betrifft, die im Gesundheitsdienst, in Gemeinschaftseinrichtungen (z. B. Kindergarten) oder in der Betreuung von Personen mit stark geschwächtem Immunsystem arbeiten. Die Nebenwirkungen der Masern-Lebendimpfung sind insgesamt sehr selten, können aber in wenigen Einzelfällen gravierend sein. Seltene schwere Impfkomplikationen (Enzephalitis) können u. a. bei Kindern mit Störungen der angeborenen antiviralen Immunität (Interferon-Signal-System) sowie bei schweren zellulären Immundefekten (SCID) auftreten. Säuglinge von Masern-geimpften Müttern haben niedrigere maternale anti-Masern-Antikörper als Säuglinge von Müttern, die Wildmasern durchgemacht haben. Erstere haben dadurch einen geringeren Schutz vor Wildmasern im ersten Lebensjahr.
Den Stress weglachen: Lachyoga und R.E.S.E.T. zur Stressbewältigung
Authors: Thomae Anna Maria
Published: April 2020

Lachyoga und Entspannung der Kiefermuskulaturnach dem R.E.S.E.T.-Verfahren sindsanfte Methoden, um Alltagsstress abzubauen.Sie stellen eine wertvolle Ergänzung zu vorhandener schulmedizinischer Therapiebei einer Craniomandibulären Dysfunktion dar, die jedem zur Verfügung stehen. Sie dienensowohl der Verspannungsprophylaxe als auch zur Unterstützung und Stabilisierungerzielter Erfolge der Schienentherapie. Muskelverspannungensind Reflex-Antwortendes Körpers auf die Herausforderungen der Umwelt. Es sind inkorporierte Handlungsmuster,die als Folge von anhaltendem Stress automatisch ablaufen. Diese führenim Laufe der Zeit auch zu Funktionsstörungen im stomatognathen System.
Prävention in der Kampō-Medizin
Authors: Ahrens Tobias
Published: April 2020

Bei der Kampō-Medizin handelt es sich um eine mehr als1000 Jahre alte Form der japanischen Pflanzenheilkunde,welche sich durch ihre wissenschaftliche Evaluation sowie eine leichte Handhabung und gute Verträglichkeitauszeichnet. Auf pragmatische Art und Weise verbindetsie die Erkenntnisse der wissenschaftlich fundierten Medizin mit traditionellen Konzepten wie der Zungen- undBauchdeckendiagnostik. Für die Auswahl einer Kampō-Rezeptur spielen vor allem in Studien erbrachte Wirksamkeitsbelegen, sowie die Konstitution und das individuelleBeschwerdemuster des Patienten eine wichtige Rolle.Im Rahmen dieses Artikels wird anhand der Nutzungeiniger Kampō-Rezepturen beispielhaft erläutert, wie dietraditionelle japanische Phytotherapie zur Krankheitspräventionausgehend von wissenschaftlich fundiertenWirksamkeitsbelegen in verschiedenen Fachrichtungengenutzt wird. Abgesehen vom mi-byo-Konzept, was eine zentrale Bedeutung für das Verständnis der Präventiondurch Kampō-Rezepturen hat, wird dabei weitgehendauf die Verwendung von traditionellen Begriffen oder Konzepten verzichtet. Die Auswahl der Rezepturen richtetesich nach Qualität und Umfang der vorliegendenwissenschaftlichen Wirksamkeitsbelege bzw. -hinweise,ihrer praktischen Relevanz in Japan und danach, welcheRezepturen möglicherweise eine sinnvolle Ergänzung fürdie therapeutischen Möglichkeiten in unseren Breitendarstellen könnten.
Stationäre Therapie des Typ-2-Diabetes
Authors: Meier Juris J.
Published: April 2020

Der überwiegende Teil der Patienten mit Typ-2-Diabetes kann im ambulanten Umfeld (Hausarztpraxen und Diabetes-Schwerpunktpraxen) adäquat und kosteneffektiv behandelt werden. Dennoch erreichen trotz guter ambulanter Versorgungsstrukturen ca. 20–30 % der Patienten keine zufriedenstellende Blutzuckereinstellung. In derartigen Fällen kann eine stationäre Diabetesbehandlung sinnvoll sein. Die Indikationen für eine stationäre Diabetesbehandlung sind in der Nationalen Versorgungsleitlinie Diabetes dargelegt. Besondere Elemente einer stationären Diabetesbehandlung können neben spezifischen Ernährungsinterventionen (z. B. Entlastungstage) spezialisierte Schulungsprogramme, individualisierte Bewegungstherapie ebenso wie eine Anpassung der Insulintherapie bis hin zur intravenösen Insulinbehandlung sein. Eine psychosomatische Mitbetreuung der Patienten erscheint in einer spezialisierten Diabetesbehandlungseinrichtung von essenzieller Bedeutung. Durch die Kombination aus derartigen intensiven Therapiestrategien, einer praktischen Anleitung zur Lebensstilintervention und gruppendynamischen Effekten kann bei vielen Patienten im stationären Rahmen eine deutliche und nachhaltige Verbesserung der Blutzuckereinstellung erzielt werden. Leider ist der Fortbestand derartiger Behandlungseinrichtungen durch die zunehmende Ökonomisierung im Gesundheitssystem und den politisch forcierten Abbau stationärer Versorgungsstrukturen akut gefährdet.
Freedom of Master's Degree Students to Study in Health Curricula: Switching to Optimized Blended Learning as a Solution!
Authors: Di Marco Lionel , Breton Jean , Martin Donald K. , Morand Patrice , Gillois Pierre
Published: April 2020

Objectives: The Grenoble (France) Master's degree in health includes 17 sub-specialty programs, 120 separate teaching units (TUs) and caters for up to 400 students per year. We present the pedagogical transition to blended learning based on flipped classroom initiated in 2010 to overcome the pedagogical limitations of classical lectures.

Methods: The pedagogical organization of each TU is based on the weekly and sequential implementation of five sequences. The first three sequences comprise the learning stages of (1) self-learning on knowledge capsules, (2) interactive on-line questions and votes of interest, and (3) interactive on-site training and explanation meetings. The last two sequences include the evaluation stages with (4) positioning tests, and (5) an anonymous evaluation of the TU allowing access to personalized follow-ups. This pedagogical sequence is completed with a final certification on a tablet computer.

Results: The systematic evaluation and debriefing sessions of TUs gave us a clear SWOT vision of the revised Master's degree in health. The feedback was very positive from students, teachers, and the institution, which encourages us to move forward in this transition. Nonetheless, some of this positive feedback was unexpected, such as the ease of managing mobile learners (e.g. Erasmus, International internship) or personalized reinforcement.

Conclusion: Our results indicate that a switch to blended learning is feasible in a large Master program, with improvements on student/teacher equity and for the institution.
Ethical Use of Electronic Health Record Data and Artificial Intelligence: Recommendations of the Primary Care Informatics Working Group of the International Medical Informatics Association
Authors: Liaw Siaw-Teng , Liyanage Harshana , Kuziemsky Craig , Terry Amanda L. , Schreiber Richard , Jonnagaddala Jitendra , de Lusignan Simon
Published: April 2020

Objective: To create practical recommendations for the curation of routinely collected health data and artificial intelligence (AI) in primary care with a focus on ensuring their ethical use.

Methods: We defined data curation as the process of management of data throughout its lifecycle to ensure it can be used into the future. We used a literature review and Delphi exercises to capture insights from the Primary Care Informatics Working Group (PCIWG) of the International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA).

Results: We created six recommendations: (1) Ensure consent and formal process to govern access and sharing throughout the data life cycle; (2) Sustainable data creation/collection requires trust and permission; (3) Pay attention to Extract-Transform-Load (ETL) processes as they may have unrecognised risks; (4) Integrate data governance and data quality management to support clinical practice in integrated care systems; (5) Recognise the need for new processes to address the ethical issues arising from AI in primary care; (6) Apply an ethical framework mapped to the data life cycle, including an assessment of data quality to achieve effective data curation.

Conclusions: The ethical use of data needs to be integrated within the curation process, hence running throughout the data lifecycle. Current information systems may not fully detect the risks associated with ETL and AI; they need careful scrutiny. With distributed integrated care systems where data are often used remote from documentation, harmonised data quality assessment, management, and governance is important. These recommendations should help maintain trust and connectedness in contemporary information systems and planned developments.