bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of Costing Methods for Magnetic Resonance Imaging in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital: An Observational Study
Authors: Kalita Bhaskar J. , Sahran Deepti , Jithesh V. , Sisaudiya Kuldeep Singh , Patel Kushagra D. , Yadava R. K.
Published: May 2024

Background:

Health-care costs, often determined through outdated methods, fail to capture the true costs of care delivery. Traditional costing methods in the health-care sector have proven insufficient, leading to potential revenue losses and increased patient out-of-pocket expenses. Activity-based costing (ABC) and time-driven ABC (TDABC) offer alternative approaches to cost calculation, aiming for a more accurate reflection of resource consumption.

Methodology:

This descriptive observational study was conducted in the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) center of a tertiary care teaching hospital, focusing on a single noncontrast MRI scan costing. Direct observations and record reviews, including standard operating procedures, policy letters, financial documents, and miscellaneous records, were employed.

Results:

Using traditional costing, the unit cost of an MRI scan was calculated at INR 1291.51. ABC yielded a unit cost of INR 3613.77, while TDABC resulted in a unit cost of INR 2764.39. A comparison between the three costing methods revealed potential revenue losses with traditional costing. In contrast, TDABC appeared to strike a balance between financial prudence and reduced patient out-of-pocket expenses.

Conclusion:

The study emphasizes the significance of understanding true costs in health-care delivery. The results advocate for the adoption of TDABC as a favorable compromise, enabling the hospital to retain revenue without burdening patients with additional costs. Notably, the study highlights the necessity for a granular understanding of true costs for successful transitions from volume to value in health care.
A Case Series of Coinfection of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Breakthrough and Dengue Fever: Coexistence of Multiple Infections
Authors: Nagarjuna Pundla , Vardhan Prem , Babu Bhagya , Singh Sumeet , Kapoor Suraj , Bhaskar Vijay , Bobdey Saurabh , Yadav Arun Kumar
Published: May 2024

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory illness caused by SARS-CoV-2. Dengue is one of the most common tropical diseases in India caused by dengue virus (DENV). COVID-19 and tropical diseases such as dengue and leptospirosis have a similar spectrum of clinical manifestations; therefore, it becomes very difficult to diagnosis. The present study describes five cases of coinfection of COVID-19 and dengue. A case series of patients reported to the flu clinic with fever and myalgia were tested, and diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 and DENV as well as epidemiological and entomological investigations were also done for the identification of the source of infection. Laboratory reports were obtained from hospital laboratory data. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel. All patients were younger adult age group and were found to be residents of the same locality. The most common symptom found was fever associated with myalgia. Every patient had a history of contact with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases and was fully vaccinated. Thrombocytopenia was seen in two patients. However, only one patient found immunoglobulin M or immunoglobulin G positive for DENV after discharge. No systemic complications were observed throughout the course of illness in patients. We described a case series of five patients with COVID-19 breakthrough and cases of dengue. Clinicians should have a suspicion of multiple infections while managing the cases.
Evaluation of neonatal presurgical echocardiographic requests for noncardiac surgery at the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
Authors: Bassey Kevin , Okpokowuruk Frances Sam , Akpan Itoro Anietimfon , Ebiekpi Ifunanya Ularinma
Published: May 2024

Context:

There is a well-established association of congenital heart disease (CHD) with surgically correctable malformations particularly those of the gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary and central nervous systems. These malformations are typically corrected during the newborn period. Clinically significant and severe CHDs may worsen surgical outcomes.

Aims:

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of CHD diagnosed by echocardiography in neonates having noncardiac surgery at the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital. The study also aimed to assess if echocardiographic findings correlated with the severity of clinical presentation.

Settings and Design:

This was a retrospective review of the clinical and echocardiographic records of neonates who underwent noncardiac surgery between October 2020 and March 2023 at the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital.

Subjects and Methods:

Echocardiographic studies were done on all participants on a GE Vivid
Iq® machine using standard views. M-mode and two-dimensional data were recorded.

Statistical Analysis:

Data were analyzed using the Statistical package for socials sciences (SPSS) version 25.

Results:

Thirty patients had presurgical echocardiography done in the period accounting for 41% of all neonatal echocardiography requests. Twenty percent of the patients had a CHD identified. Atrial Septal Defects were the commonest CHD identified in 50% of patients. The association between clinical symptoms, gender, surgical diagnosis and the presence of CHDs were not statistically significant.

Conclusions:

Neonatal surgical anomalies are commonly associated with CHDs. The nature of most of the CHDs however appears to be mild. A preoperative assessment by a pediatric cardiologist is recommended to avoid undue delays.
Commentary on the 2022 American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology/HFSA guideline for the management of heart failure: The relevance to Nigeria
Authors: Karaye Kamilu Musa , Ogah Okechukwu S. , Sa’idu Hadiza , Adeoye Abiodun Moshood , Adebayo Rasaaq A. , Ansa V. O.
Published: May 2024

The 2022 American Heart Association /American College of Cardiology /Heart Failure Society of America Guideline, for the Management of Heart Failure, aimed to provide an update and consolidate the earlier versions, into a new document. Areas of focus in the 2022 heart failure (HF) guidelines are the prevention of HF and the new treatment strategies in HF using contemporary approaches to care. Influenza vaccination, a key nonpharmacologic intervention tested in a large cohort of HF patients including Nigerians, could significantly reduce clinical outcomes. This commentary aimed to clarify the relevance of this international standard practice guideline on HF, to the practice in Nigeria, and highlight the existing peculiarities. It is hoped that this commentary would serve as a prelude to a future Nigerian guideline for the management of HF.
Supraventricular tachycardia and cardiac embolization following umbilical vein catheterization
Authors: Onubogu Uchenna C , Amaewhule OU , Nwosu G
Published: May 2024

Umbilical venous catheter is a routine procedure in the neonatal intensive care unit used in securing intravenous access for various purposes, but malpositioning of this catheter can lead to life-threatening complications. We report the case of a female infant of a mother with gestational diabetes who was admitted in the special care baby unit at 1 h of life for prematurity, hypoglycemia, and presumed neonatal sepsis. She developed supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) within 24 h of having an umbilical catheter inserted for intravenous access; she later developed multiple intracardiac emboli. She was treated with digoxin, frusemide, Aldactone, heparin, antibiotics, and dextrose with the resolution of the intracardiac emboli. This case highlights some of the uncommon but serious risks of umbilical catheterization, which could be SVT and the possibility of developing an intracardiac embolus. In resource-poor settings where ultrasound-guided umbilical catheterization is limited, cardiac arrhythmias should be recognized as a potential complication of umbilical catheterization, which requires early intervention and treatment.
Paraganglioma of the Thyroid Gland
Authors: Alharthi Ahmad S. , Abdelmonim Sherif K. , Shaheen Mohammad H. , Alharbi Jabir , Alessa Mohammad A. , Alkaff Haddad Hussain , Mujtaba Syeddah Shafaq
Published: May 2024

Paragangliomas (PGs) are rare neuroendocrine tumor. Primary PGs are rare to be in the thyroid gland, and most of them present slowly. Enlarging thyroid nodules over several years, and most of the time, it is a nonfunctional tumor. We are presenting a rare thyroid neoplasm diagnosis as primary thyroid PG. Due to rare presentation and occurrence, thyroid PGs are frequently mistaken for other common thyroid neoplasms. It is mandatory to increase awareness of its rare expression in the thyroid and its characteristic features to prevent diagnostic and therapeutic pitfalls.
Chronic Severe Laryngeal Inflammation Caused by Basidiobolomycosis
Authors: Aldkhyyal Ahmed , Alotaibi Azzam , Al Qout Maraam , Alhejji Abdulaziz , Alfozan Mazen
Published: May 2024

Basidiobolomycosis is an uncommon fungal infection primarily found in plants. In humans, it typically affects the skin and gastrointestinal tract on manifestation of the infection. A 29-year-old female presented to our clinic with complaints of shortness of breath and voice changes. On examination, she exhibited severe laryngeal edema. She was initially diagnosed with type 3 hereditary angioedema with a normal C1 inhibitor and later as a case of laryngeal sarcoidosis, treatment for both conditions proved ineffective. Ultimately, after further microbiological assessment, she was diagnosed with chronic granulomatous laryngeal fungal infection caused by the Basidiobolus species. Subsequently, she displayed significant improvement with itraconazole treatment. Chronic laryngeal edema can have various underlying causes. This case underscores the importance of considering fungal pathogens, especially rare ones when assessing such conditions. In cases where the diagnosis is uncertain or standard treatments are ineffective, patient reassessment and repeated laryngeal biopsies are essential.
Bi-Lipschitz arcs in metric spaces with controlled geometry
Authors: Honeycutt Jacob , Vellis Vyron , Zimmerman Scott
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we generalize a bi-Lipschitz extension result of David and Semmes from Euclidean spaces to complete metric measure spaces with controlled geometry (Ahlfors regularity and supporting a Poincaré inequality). In particular, we find sharp conditions on metric measure spaces

X

so that any bi-Lipschitz embedding of a subset of the real line into

X

extends to a bi-Lipschitz embedding of the whole line. Along the way, we prove that if the complement of an open subset

Y

of

X

has small Assouad dimension, then it is a uniform domain. Finally, we prove a quantitative approximation of continua in

X

by bi-Lipschitz curves.
О сопряженности измеримых разбиений относительно нормализатора полной эргодической группы типа $\mathrm{II}_1$
Authors: Lodkin Andrei Aleksandrovich , Rubshtein Benzion Abramovich
Published: May 2024

Пусть $G$ - счетная эргодическая группа автоморфизмов пространства с мерой $(X,\mu)$ и $\mathcal{N}[G]$ - нормализатор ее полной группы $[G]$.
Проблема: когда для пары измеримых разбиений $\xi$ и $\eta$ пространства $X$ существует такой элемент $g\in\mathcal{N}[G]$, что $g\xi=\eta$? Для широкого класса измеримых разбиений приводится решение этой задачи в случае, когда $G$ - аппроксимативно конечная группа с конечной инвариантной мерой. Как следствие получены результаты о сопряженности соответствующих $\xi$ и $\eta$ коммутативных подалгебр в факторе типа $\mathrm{II}_1$, построенном по траекторному разбиению группы $G$.
Среднее значение мультипликативного функционала синус-процесса
Authors: Bufetov Alexander Igorevich
Published: May 2024

Явная формула для среднего значения регуляризованного мультипликативного функционала синус-процесса получена переходом к скейлинговому пределу в формуле Бородина-Окунькова-Джеронимо-Кейса.
Richard Wilhelm and Alfred Döblin Transread the Chinese Tradition
Authors: Perdue Peter C. , Zhang Huiwen Helen
Published: May 2024

This article compares the transreading of Chinese texts in German by Sinologist Richard Wilhelm and novelist Alfred Döblin. Wilhelm, a spiritual intermediary between China and Europe, worked with eminent Chinese scholars to write accessible translations for German readers of Confucian and Daoist classics. Döblin relied on Wilhelm’s translation of the Liezi for his artistic breakthrough, The Three Leaps of Wang-lun: Chinese Novel. Over two decades later, while exiled in France, he crafted an idiosyncratic presentation of Confucius. Although he used excerpts from James Legge’s English translation, Döblin’s perspective on Confucius is grounded in his exposure to Chinese texts in Wilhelm’s German translation. Both Wilhelm and Döblin reinterpreted Chinese philosophy to provide lessons for 20th-century Western readers.
Our analysis recognizes the social environment that shaped both writers’ interest in Chinese philosophy. We examine selected passages from these two representatives of the German literary tradition in order to indicate their convergent positions on Sino-Western cultural contact. Their shared stances toward the Chinese tradition, their own marginal positioning, physical migration, and intellectual alienation culminated in a unifying, outsider’s view. Both Wilhelm and Döblin initiated and promoted significant interactions on a basis of equality between Chinese and Western cultures.
Toward a Critical Non-Humanism in Postwar Japan
Authors: Hetrick Jay
Published: May 2024

In this article, I argue that the infamous discussions around “overcoming modernity” that occurred in Japan in 1942 shared Michel Foucault’s conceptual conflation between humanism and modernism. That is, these discussions were not only declarations—in line with other postcolonial struggles of the time—against the dominance of the West politically and culturally. Philosophically, the programme of overcoming modernity can be understood as a set of discourses on anti-humanism that, in some ways, foreshadow those we find in Europe two decades later. In the case of the Kyoto School, the anti-humanist standpoint arose quite naturally from the particular philosophical history of Japan, combined with the fact that the philosophers in this school were close readers of Nietzsche and Heidegger, anti-humanists avant la lettre. For Sakaguchi Ango, whose ideas were very much opposed to the Kyoto School, a critique of the human was developed from his enthusiastic embrace of Jean-Paul Sartre. Ultimately, I argue, we need both the Kyoto School and Sakaguchi in order to understand the theoretical foundation for the various forms of critical non-humanism we find in contemporary Japanese art, philosophy, and culture.
Casos de dengue importados de Cuba en España, 2022
Authors: Fernández Martínez Beatriz , Barreira-Franch Ignacio
Published: May 2024

Introducción: En nuestro país, el dengue es una enfermedad principalmente importada desde zonas endémicas. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la frecuencia y características de los casos de dengue importados en España de Cuba en 2022.
Método: Análisis gráfico de e los casos importados desde 2016 a 2022, según su lugar de infección (Cuba vs. otros) y descriptivo de los casos de Cuba de 2022.
Resultados: Se observa en 2022 un predominio de la proporción de casos procedentes de Cuba (66,5%) respecto a años previos. De estos casos, 177 (53,5%) fueron mujeres y la edad mediana 37 años. El 52,0% viajaron por turismo y la proporción de hospitalizaciones fue similar entre los de Cuba vs. otros.
Discusión: La elevada proporción de casos procedentes de Cuba en España en 2022 se correspondió con una alerta por dengue en Cuba y un mayor número de casos importados en otros territorios. Conocer la situación epidemiológica en lugares endémicos y el país de contagio, puede contribuir en la prevención de casos importados en territorios no endémicos.
The direct and indirect impacts of factors on the use of QR code payment during the Covid-19 pandemic: Empirical research in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Minh Thi Binh , Khuc Nam Dinh , Nguyen Nguyen Hoang
Published: May 2024

The QR code payment is a service that allows customers to use their smartphone’s camera and mobile banking application to scan the QR code to quickly pay for many transactions by money being transferred from the account of the customer to the account of the point of sale. The objective paper is to identify factors influencing customers’ use of QR code payment in Ho Chi Minh (HCM) City, Vietnam, during the Covid-19 pandemic. Our proposed model extended based on combining the TAM and UTAUT2. We had an online survey with the participation of 567 customers who used the QR code payment in HCM City from June 2020 to January 2021 and applied Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to test hypotheses. The results were analyzed by SPSS 25 and AMOS 24 software, indicating that the total effect of perceived Covid-19 on the use of QR code payment was the strongest, with the second rank on the direct impact and the first rank on the indirect impact. Intention to use plays the strongest role in the direct effects of the use of QR code payment, while the effects of attitude, facilitating conditions, personal innovativeness, security, trust, and perceived ease of use on the use of QR code payment were indirect and positive. These results will help providers of QR code payment have some recommendations to increase the use of customers about the QR code payment to develop and exploit their potential market for this service.
Employing netnography approach to describe brand image from customers’ perspectives - The case of The Cocoon Original Vietnam
Authors: Le Xuan Thi Thanh , Ly Uyen Bao
Published: May 2024

The present study is proposed based on two important practical issues. First, brand image is one essential aspect of building the brand of a business. Second, with the development of the internet, social media has become a revolution for people worldwide to communicate, connect, create, and share their content and opinions in a dynamic and flexible way. Customers use their social networks to discuss online their reviews, and recommendations regarding product quality and customer service of a brand. Based on these two practical issues, the present study employs Netnography as the research method to explore aspects of the brand image of Cocoon from customers’ perspectives, with the following objectives: (1) explore aspects of Cocoon’s brand image, (2) describe customers’ perspective of these aspects, and (3) propose suggestions for Cocoon to improve its brand image from the viewpoint of customers. The study is conducted by combining in-depth interview data and Netnography data. Then the thematic analysis is undertaken as an approach to Analysing data. The research findings result from the interviews with 07 customers and Netnography data from 49 posts on 08 communities on Facebook. Among 15 explored aspects of Cocoon’s brand, there are 08 aspects of Cocoon, which are reviewed and discussed frequently, including quality, reputation, price, packaging, brand aspects, usefulness, influencer marketing, and seeding. Based on the research findings, several solutions are proposed to improve its brand image for Cocoon.
Território das secas do semiárido brasileiro: clima, identidade e sociedade
Authors: Ferreira José Gomes
Published: May 2024

O semiárido do Nordeste do Brasil é caracterizado pela ocorrência de secas severas com grande repercussão social, econômica e política, que influenciam as políticas de desenvolvimento e a resiliência face à atual crise climática. A região é conhecida por fortes laços culturais, que remetem não apenas para a ideia de Nordeste, mas igualmente de sertão e semiárido, três territórios que se cruzam e influenciam. A partir da transversalidade das secas nesta discussão, o artigo tem como objetivo analisar os fatores sociais e geográficos que marcam estes territórios e podem condicionar a concretização das políticas públicas. Para se cumprir os nossos objetivos procedemos a uma ampla revisão bibliográfica, pesquisa documental, recolha e análise de notícias de imprensa e realização de entrevistas.
IMPACT OF FUEL SUBSIDY REMOVAL ON HOUSEHOLD SPENDING IN NIGERIA
Authors: Sodeeq Monsuru Alabi
Published: May 2024

This study examines the impact of fuel subsidy removal on household spending in Nigeria. A qualitative research design is employed, utilizing a literature review to explore the multifaceted implications of fuel subsidy removal. The findings reveal that while subsidy removal can lead to cost savings for the government and increased efficiency in the petroleum sector, concerns about inflationary effects and affordability of essential goods and services persist. The study recommends that policymakers design subsidy reform plans that protect the poorest and most vulnerable, phase any price increase appropriately, communicate effectively to all groups, invest additional funds in productive sectors, and implement transparency mechanisms. Understanding the dynamics of household spending in the context of fuel subsidy removal is crucial for informed policymaking to mitigate adverse effects and capitalize on potential benefits.
ROLE OF FORESTRY EXTENSION IN PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE AFFORESTATION AS AN ON-FARM ECONOMIC ACTIVITY IN ZIMBABWE
Authors: Mhaka Isaac
Published: May 2024

Despite a plethora of studies on afforestation, a close analysis of the focus of many studies conducted to date reveal the existence of a gap in knowledge on role of forestry extension in promoting sustainable afforestation as an on-farm economic activity in developing countries, Zimbabwe being a case in point. Despite an absence of studies, evidence from studies conducted in elsewhere seem to pinpoint the significance of forestry extension services in enhancing afforestation adoption as an on-farm economic activity. Specifically, the role of forestry extension in promoting sustainable afforestation as an on-farm economic activity in Zimbabwe remains a grey area, unexplored and under-theorised. Extant studies have mainly been biased towards afforestation as an alternative land use option models for afforestation and agronomy, and challenges in afforestation. These studies overlook the need to interrogate the role of forestry extension in promoting sustainable afforestation in developing countries. Therefore, this study using qualitative research methodology sought to explore the role of forestry extension in promoting sustainable afforestation as an on-farm economic activity in Zimbabwe. Generally, study findings highlighted that forestry extension services in Zimbabwe are highly inadequate characterised by gross underfunding, limited manpower, limited skills amongst other challenges that impeded the execution of duties by extensionists. The result has been a limited contact between afforestors, potential afforestors and forestry extension service providers. All these have an impact on the overall contribution of afforestation on economic development, thus afforestation extension services should be upheld if afforestation is to be taken as a sustainable, alternative land-use option in the province. There is need to capacitate the Forestry Extension service unit (Forestry Commission and all those involved in forestry extension services) in order to optimise the role of forestry extension in promoting sustainable afforestation as an on-farm economic activity in Zimbabwe. Generally, study findings highlighted that forestry extension services in Zimbabwe are highly inadequate characterised by gross underfunding, limited manpower, limited skills amongst other challenges that impeded the execution of duties by extensionists. The result has been a limited contact between afforestors, potential afforestors and forestry extension service providers. All these have an impact on the overall contribution of afforestation on economic development, thus afforestation extension services should be upheld if afforestation is to be taken as a sustainable, alternative land-use option in the province. There is need to capacitate the Forestry Extension service unit (Forestry Commission and all those involved in forestry extension services) in order to optimise the role of forestry extension in promoting sustainable afforestation as an on-farm economic activity in Zimbabwe.
THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING ON CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOUR: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Sonia  , Rani Dr. Komal
Published: May 2024

Social media has changed the industry in a variety of aspects. Since we are living in the modern day, social media and the internet have a significant impact on how customers interact. India is going through an enormous change towards digitization. Social networking is the greatest platform for online marketing in terms of connecting individuals worldwide—the ongoing increase in both supply and demand primarily brought by the rapid development of technology. Through social proof and customization based on their interests and preferences, social media has increased customers’ exposure to products and services and affected their decision-making. Additionally, influencer marketing is gaining popularity as an opportunity for businesses to use social media influencers to promote their goods. Therefore, for businesses expecting to survive in the current digital era, understanding how social media affects consumer behaviour and preferences has become important. This study uses secondary data to inquire into how social media influences the preferences and buying behaviour of customers. Based on the findings, for marketers to be successful in the age of technology, they have to comprehend the extent to which social media affects consumer behaviour and preferences and create social media marketing strategy that work. Businesses may increase their visibility, communicate with customers, and influence consumer preferences and behaviour by utilizing the power of social media.
UNDERSTANDING THE DALIT COMMUNITIES IN CONTEMPORARY INDIA: PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Mallik Parameswar
Published: May 2024

Dalit communities in India refer to marginalized social groups that were categorized as untouchable in the Hindu caste system. These communities, occupy the lowest strata of the caste system. In rural areas, many Dalit communities are engaged in agriculture and casual work for the highest caste individuals. They often face discrimination, prejudice, and social barriers that limit their access to resources and opportunities. In modern India, the government has enacted laws and implemented policies to improve the lives of Dalit people. However, social stigma and discrimination still remain prevalent. This can sometimes dissuade the community from actively participating in government schemes or accessing available resources and services. Based on secondary sources of data, the broad objective of the paper is to study the status of Dalit communities in contemporary India. The subsequent section focused on issues and challenges faced by Dalit communities. The concluding section has focused on some policy recommendations for the betterment of the Dalit communities.
QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG MISHING AND TIWA TRIBES IN ASSAM: UNRAVELING SOCIO-ECONOMIC COMPLEXITIES AND CHARTING A PATH TO INCLUSIVE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Baishy Dr. Nabanita , Doley Pangkul Preetam , Buragohain Dipranjan , Saikia Dr. Pankaj
Published: May 2024

This research delves into the socio-economic intricacies of the Mishing and Tiwa tribes in Assam, exploring their cultural heritage, historical challenges, and contemporary disparities. The study employs a multidimensional approach, analyzing economic, educational, health, and housing indices to construct a Quality of Life Index. Findings reveal nuanced challenges, from land rights to infrastructural gaps, emphasizing the need for tailored interventions. Recommendations include educational reforms, healthcare investments, economic diversification, and cultural preservation. The research advocates for inclusive policies, urging policymakers to address root causes and embrace a holistic approach for uplifting the vibrant Mishing and Tiwa communities.
MICROFINANCE: THE ONLY ONE-STOP SOLUTION FOR INEXPENSIVE CREDIT TO THE MARGINALISED IN INDIA: AN INDEPTH ANALYSIS OF THE DIFFERENT BUSINESS MODELS IN OPERATION AND THEIR SUCCESS
Authors: Garg Vivaan
Published: May 2024

The paper analysed the strengths and the weaknesses as well as the requirement of MFIs in developing economies like India. It also used primary data to indicate the increasing disbursement of finance through this medium to women and laggard states of India. Regulatory norms by the RBI have effectively resulted in reducing the disbursal rate of interest by private MFIs as well as enforcing strict audit norms. The increasing use of this source of finance has been enhanced by the adoption of UPI.
EVALUATION OF THE STATUS OF CHILD & WOMEN DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA: WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO JHARKHAND STATE
Authors: Gupta Dr. Renu
Published: May 2024

The indices of child and women development play a significant role in assessing the economic success of a country. The state of a country may be accurately assessed by examining the condition of its women and children. The nation or state government that has prioritized Child and Women Development has achieved a greater level of development compared to others. This research seeks to examine the condition of Child and Women Development in two underperforming states in India. It tries to provide a comparative framework for assessing the status of Child and Women Development based on certain indicators. The effective execution of central and state government programs and schemes at the grassroots level, as well as the promotion of awareness among beneficiaries at both the national and state levels, particularly in underperforming states such as Bihar and Jharkhand, necessitate robust commitments from state governments.
QUANG BINH PROVINCE HAS BEEN DEVELOPING CREATIVE TOURISM
Authors: Van Duy Dr. Nguyen , Van Tuan Dr. Phan
Published: May 2024

Main findings: Evaluate the creative tourism potential of QuangBinh province based on the SWOT method. Build a system of solutions to improve the effectiveness of creative tourism development in the coming time. Based on the actual analysis results, the article will be a useful document for tourism managers in particular and administrators in general. Creativity is increasingly recognised as essential for success in many aspects of life: personal development, life-long learning, management. Therefore, for the tourism industry in QuangBinh province, creativity is even more necessary in the context of integration, tourism products need to promote diversity and sustainable development. The article is a meaningful product for managers and economic researchers, especially in the field of tourism, to refer to and find reasonable solutions for the tourism industry in the future.
INVESTIGATING THE IMPACT OF PROFITABILITY ON THE STOCK PRICES OF SELECTED PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES- PRE AND POST IPA 2005 IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: Jangir Ankur , Singh Rathaur Kuldeep
Published: May 2024

Analyzing the profitability and stock performance of pharmaceutical companies is crucial in understanding their resilience and growth potential within the global economy. This study examines the effects of the Patents (Amendment) Act of 2005 on the stock prices of 15 major pharmaceutical companies in India, leveraging paired t-tests and multiple regression analysis. The Act, following India's adherence to the TRIPS agreement, brought significant changes to the country's patent system, impacting the pharmaceutical sector profoundly. The selected pharmaceutical firms represent key players in the Indian market, influencing industry performance significantly. By comparing stock prices before and after the enactment of the IPA 2005, this study delves into the relationship between a company's profitability and its stock performance. The result shows a significant increase in the stock prices of the companies under study and also state that profitability of a company greatly affects the stock price of these companies. The findings offer valuable insights for investors, policymakers, and industry stakeholders, shedding light on the intricate dynamics of the Indian pharmaceutical market and its response to regulatory changes in intellectual property rights
IS SUB-SAHARA AFRICA CLOSING THE GENDER INEQUALITY GAPS? A PRINCIPAL COMPONENT-CLUSTER ANALYSIS
Authors: Alwago Wycliffe Obwori
Published: May 2024

Gender inequality in the labor market has long been a source of concern in the global human rights and development agenda, it’s not just a necessary human right but it’s a precondition for economic development. Despite the realization of some MDGs, SDGs, and Agenda 2030 goals, women in SSA continue to be marginalized. Notably, SSA nations have eliminated 66.45 percent of gender disparities in general. The region, in specific, has achieved remarkable strides toward gender parity in education, reducing the gap by approximately 88 percent, 98 percent in health, and 71 percent in economic participation. However, there exist major gender differences in political empowerment, where only 21.8% of the gender gap has been closed. The study recommends that SSA countries should fully implement and live up to the requirements of the ILO and UN conventions and treaties on gender equality for economic prosperity.
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT THROUGH SELF HELP GROUPS IN HIMACHAL PRADESH
Authors: Kumar Ajay
Published: May 2024

Development of a nation is very much dependent on the development of rural people. Today, the real problem faced by every developing country like India is the poverty. Nearly half of the available human resource in India is women. Majority of them are living in rural areas and most of them are illiterates and are below poverty line. Besides this in comparison to urban women, rural women have limited access to all kinds of resources such as education, transportation, training, financial support, availability of current information etc. but have more hidden talents, which have to be bought in to light. Hence, there is need to change their capacity to work by giving them the necessary trainings on income generating activities, bringing their talents into light, supporting them with financial facilities, giving them marketing knowledge, current information etc. which helps in increasing knowledge, enriching their skills and improve their economic status.
THE IMPACTS OF BOARD CHARACTERISTICS AND FIRM SIZE ON FIRMS’ PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM VIETNAMESE LISTED FIRMS (HOSE)
Authors: Lam Nguyen Thanh
Published: May 2024

This study examines the impacts of board characteristics and firm size on firm performance: evidence from Vietnamese listed firms (HOSE) for the 2016-2020 period. The study controls for endogeneity and simultaneously problems using the dynamic panel technique of Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) with a data set of 344 companies (1,339 observations) in all industries excluding financial institutions. The research results show that board size (BSI), CEO duality (CEO), big 4 audit (B4A) and firm size (FIS) have significant position relationships with firms’ performance while there is a negative correlation between Board gender diversity (BGD) and firms’ performance. The data also reveal that the lagged dependent variable in the estimated model is significant in explaining the connection of board gender diversity, firm size and big 4 audit, indicating that the estimation models in our study are reasonable.
QUALITY OF GOVERNANCE AND BILATERAL TRADE BETWEEN WAEMU COUNTRIES: AN ANALYSIS BY THE GRAVITY MODEL
Authors: DOSSA Urbain Gbodjinou
Published: May 2024

This article studies the effects of the quality of governance on bilateral trade flows in the WAEMU. For this purpose, we used a gravity model inspired by that of Anderson and van Wincoop (2003), but estimated in a panel according to the methodology proposed by Santos Silva and Tenreyro (2006, 2011). Our results show on the one hand that the low quality of global governance doubly handicaps bilateral trade in WAEMU countries. On the other hand, the similarity of governance increases bilateral trade between WAEMU countries. These results suggest an improvement in the quality of governance for an intensification of bilateral trade between UEMOA countries.
ECHOES OF EMPOWERMENT: UNVEILING GENDER DYNAMICS AND FEMINISM’S JOURNEY IN COLONIAL BENGAL
Authors: Banerjee Aishi
Published: May 2024

The colonial period in India witnessed the rise of variety of movements and spread of liberal ideology throughout the country. The dawn of these movements came from the Bengal province in the eastern part of India where pioneers like Raja Ram Mohan Roy, often termed as the ‘father of Indian Renaissance’ promoted liberal and feminist ideologies and movements in the eighteenth century. This paper aims to explore the gender dynamics and the emergence of feminist movements in Bengal during the colonial period. The period saw a complex patriarchal structure imposed by the colonial rulers as well the native societal structures. In spite of these dominating and oppressing structures, Bengal still witnessed the rise of feminism where women challenged their traditional gender roles and advocating their rights.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS, INTENTION AND PRO-ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOR AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN VIETNAM
Authors: Nguyen Van Quan , Le Hoang Bach
Published: May 2024

Sustainable development is one of the key strategic goals for a country’s socio-economic development, and the issue of marine environmental protection is also considered an important challenge for both developed and developing countries. The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between marine environmental awareness, behavioral intention and pro-environmental behavior among university students in Vietnam. Because students are the young generation that has been educated at an adult level, they have a great role to lead the younger generation, and also make contributions through both propaganda and beneficial products for the future marine environment. The author conducted a survey with 450 university students across Vietnam, and by using Bootstrapping technique through Hayes Process Macro Model 4, research results show that there is a positive relationship between awareness, intention and pro-environmental behavior, in which behavioral intention is the mediating factor between the impact of marine environmental awareness on pro-environmental behavior. The research results bring important implications for both students and educational administrators when it is necessary to provide more knowledge about the current situation and impacts on the environment through lectures; organize marine environment-themed student days as well as participate in volunteer activities and practical programs to raise awareness and promote pro-environmental behavior. In addition, student scientific research activities should also be promoted towards the issue of environmental protection so that students can discover and bring about inventions, which are applicable to marine environmental protection.
GENDER DYNAMICS IN LABOUR DISTRIBUTION: A STUDY OF EQUALITY AND PERFORMANCE IN INDIAN START-UP TEAMS
Authors: Johar Maahi
Published: May 2024

Indian entrepreneurship has seen rapid changes over the past few decades. With the improvement of the Indian education system, universities have increased graduation rates, leading to a better educated workforce. With these changes come an influx of well-educated women who make space for themselves within business and entrepreneurship, taking advantage of India’s vast resources, and solidifying their status as brilliant. This influx, however, comes with a variety of challenges that pose as barriers to entry for women. Despite steps taken by individual corporations and the government, women still face issues like gender discrimination and workplace harassment that prevent them from wholeheartedly joining the workforce. Future directions towards improving these conditions for women may include providing more flexibility within a job or a role to make it seem more appealing to female candidates, as well as improving the state of STEM education and financial literacy in schools. This will allow women to develop higher levels of confidence when attempting to beak into a male-dominated sphere.
Gamification to Improve Writing Skills in Students of 9th Basic Education
Authors: Morales Mantilla Gissela Paulina , Silva Herrera Rogger Mauricio
Published: May 2024

The development of effective writing skills has long been a challenging endeavor, and educators and learners alike are constantly seeking innovative methods to improve writing proficiency. Gamification, the application of game elements and principles to non-game contexts, has emerged as a promising approach to address this educational challenge. The objective aids to explore the use of gamification in the context of enhancing writing skills, contributing to the language improvement and encouraging outcomes. Gamification in writing education leverages the inherent motivation that games offer, such as engagement, competition, and rewards, to create an enjoyable and effective learning experience. Through the incorporation of gamified elements, including points, badges, leaderboards, and narrative-driven challenges, students are encouraged to become more proactive and persistent in their writing practice. Furthermore, it addresses the impact of gamification on motivation, self-efficacy, and collaborative learning, providing insights into the potential benefits for learners. In conclusion, gamification presents a promising way to enrich writing education by making the learning process engaging, motivating, and enjoyable. Through a well-designed gamified approach, educators and learners can tap into the full potential of gamification to improve writing skills and foster a lifelong love for writing.
Construção de jangadas no 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental: uma proposta para a Educação Física
Authors: Casarotto Daniel
Published: May 2024

As práticas corporais de aventura têm tido uma grande visibilidade nos últimos anos, ocasionando em um aumento no número de praticantes. Entretanto, o ambiente escolar historicamente negligenciou estas práticas em detrimento de outras consideradas mais tradicionais. A partir da criação da Base Nacional Comum Curricular, em 2017, as práticas corporais de aventura passaram a fazer parte dos conhecimentos essenciais da Educação Física no Brasil, além de classificá-las em duas categorias, conforme o ambiente onde são desenvolvidas: práticas corporais de aventura urbanas e práticas corporais de aventura na natureza. O presente planejamento apresenta uma proposta de desenvolvimento de uma Unidade Temática de Práticas Corporais de Aventura na Natureza para o 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental, na expectativa de que os educandos possam vivenciar e apropriar-se de diferentes conhecimentos, valorizando a segurança e integridade física de todos os participantes, respeitando o patrimônio natural e minimizando os impactos ambientais.
Exploring the Use of Diary Entries for Qualitative Researchers: Mitigating Challenges When Investigating Sensitive Topics on Indian Women
Authors: Mishra Pavitra , Gupta Amit
Published: May 2024

This study seeks to understand the challenges encountered by qualitative researchers while investigating sensitive topics. We make a valuable contribution to the existing literature on researcher well-being and the mitigation of potential adverse incidents during data collection in studies on sensitive topics. The researchers maintained a comprehensive diary while conducting a study on the sensitive topic of work-family conflict among Indian working women. The analysis of these diary entries revealed three primary categories of challenges: (a) emotional challenges encompassing emotional sustenance, self-awareness, the element of care, building rapport, reciprocity, breaking the connection, preparing for exit, and researcher exhaustion; (b) methodological challenges, including data recording and interview location; (c) ethical challenges, such as confidentiality and guilt; and (d) other challenges, such as establishing credibility as a mainstream researcher in academics. This study aims to raise awareness about the challenges that qualitative researchers face, offering insights into potential dilemmas and explaining how reflexivity, self-disclosure, reciprocity, and a well-planned exit strategy can assist in navigating and addressing researcher biases.
India Counterterrorism: India and Pakistan's Lack of Cooperation in Fighting Lashar e-Taiba after Mumbai Attacks 2008
Authors: Adlina Annisa
Published: May 2024

Following the 2008 Mumbai Attacks, India refrained from engaging in counterterrorism cooperation with Pakistan, the origin country of Lashkar e-Taiba (LeT), marking a significant departure from previous approaches. This study investigates the factors influencing India's decision through the lens of the Prisoner's Dilemma Theory. By examining India's strategic calculations and contextualizing them within the security dilemma framework post-Mumbai terror, this research aims to elucidate the rationale behind India's non-cooperative stance. Results reveal a complex interplay of historical distrust, perceived security threats, and strategic considerations shaping India's decision-making, highlighting the implications for future counter-terrorism efforts and international relations strategies.
Realitas Tantangan Tenaga Kerja Wanita di Sektor Informal: Kontribusi, Tantangan dan Dampak yang Terjadi
Authors: Putri Rizki Amelia , Wati Evy Ratna Kartika , Nurrizalia Mega , Anggelia Ririn Desmita , Syakirin Ahmad , Syawalludin Syawalludin
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mengungkapkan realitas yang terjadi terhadap tenaga kerja wanita yang ada di sektor informal. Studi ini juga dimaksudkan untuk menyelidiki masalah apa saja yang sering dihadapi oleh pekerja wanita dalam sektor yang tidak terorganisir. Pendekatan artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian deskriptif dan kualitatif yang lebih terfokus pada permasalahan atas dasar fakta. Sektor informal ini merupakan salah satu sektor ekonomi yang tidak terstruktur serta tidak terdaftar secara resmi oleh pemerintah. Sektor informal biasanya ditandai dengan ciri-ciri seperti usaha berskala kecil milik pribadi dengan modal terbatas, tenaga kerja yang kurang terampil atau memiliki Tingkat Pendidikan yang rendah, tidak memiliki jaminan sosial dan perlindungan tenaga kerja, dan produktifitas rendah karena keterbatasan modal, teknologi dan keterampilan. Realitas tantangan yang sering diterima oleh tenaga kerja wanita di sektor informal contohnya seperti diskriminasi gender, eksploitasi pekerja, dan adanya keterbatasan terhadap layanan publik (layanan kesehatan, jaminan sosial dan tunjangan pendidikan).
Pengembangan Media PowerPoint Interaktif dalam Konteks Pengenalan Mekanika Lagrange pada Siswa SMA Menggunakan Metode 4D
Authors: Anggraini Zunita Dwi , Damayanti Senia , Setiaji Bayu
Published: May 2024

Kualitas Pendidikan bangsa di masa sekarang memiliki pengaruh yang sangat besar di masa yang akan datang. Kegiatan belajar mata pelajaran Fisika pada jenjang SMA perlu menggunakan media yang interaktif. Pengembangan media berbentuk PowerPoint dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode 4D. Metode 4D ini melibatkan empat tahapan utama, yakni tahap pendefinisian, tahap perancangan, tahap pengembangan, dan tahap penyebaran. Materi yang ditampilkan merupakan pengenalan mekanika lagrange bagi siswa SMA. Disusun media PowerPoint yang interaktif dan disertai ilustrasi serta animasi yang menarik. Hasil dari pengembangan media ditentukan dengan menggunakan instrument penilaian yang memiliki empat aspek. Media divalidasi oleh tiga orang ahli dari masing-masing aspek. Berdasarkan penilaian yang dilakukan, media yang dikembangan layak untuk dipublikasikan dan sesuai dengan kriteria kelayakan yang telah ditentukan. Didapatkan komentar dan saran untuk mengemas informasi dalam bentuk bagan atau poin, menambahkan simulasi, dan mengintegrasikan animasi yang menarik akan meningkatkan pengalaman belajar siswa secara signifikan. Dilakukan perbaikan berdasarkan komentar dan saran ahli dan menghasilkan produk final yang layak untuk digunakan.