bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the femtosecond laser-induced photochemistry in silver-containing oxide glasses: mechanisms, related optical and physico-chemical properties, and technological applications
Authors: Petit Yannick , Danto Sylvain , Guérineau Théo , Abou Khalil Alain , Le Camus Arthur , Fargin Evelyne , Duchateau Guillaume , Bérubé Jean-Philippe , Vallée Réal , Messaddeq Younès , Cardinal Thierry , Canioni Lionel
Published: October 2018

Laser-induced glass processing has led to huge progress and applications over the last two decades. Here, we review recent advances in femtosecond laser-induced photochemistry in isotropic transparent oxide glasses specifically tailored with silver photoactive agents. The understanding of the influence of the considered glass matrix on the nature and properties of the created silver species is of prime importance. After presenting the key material properties, the formation mechanisms of laser-induced silver-based species are discussed, and potential technological applications are highlighted. Laser-induced processing of silver-containing oxide glasses paved the way for the fabrication of complex integrated waveguides and optical circuits with innovative fluorescent, nonlinear optical, and plasmonic properties. The universality of the method is expected to extend in any glass material that shows a similar laser-induced behavior in terms of silver cluster production.
Urodynamics and diagnosis of urinary incontinence
Authors: Stangel-Wójcikiewicz Klaudia , Migdał Małgorzata , Skotniczny Krzysztof , Hessel Tadeusz , Chłosta Piotr
Published: October 2018

The urinary incontinence diagnostic process should include a medical history focused on ailments related to it and their impact on the quality of patient’s life. The lack of proper control over the function of the lower urinary tract creates a lot of troubles for sufferers and prevents them from living an active professional, social, and family life. The patient with a suspicion of urinary incontinence is recommended to record in a voiding diary the number of mictions per day, the volume of urine, and episodes of incontinence. The invasive test called urodynamics is based on cystometry, profilometry, and uroflowmetry. A urodynamic examination performed in patients with incontinence allows for correct diagnosis and proposal of specific surgical or pharmacological treatment.
The Theory of Entrepreneurial Rent
Authors: Mishra Chandra S.
Published: October 2018

The theory of entrepreneurial rent posits that powerful incentives for managerial learning are provided by giving managers the opportunity to share the firm surplus, which further enhances the management cognition and situation awareness. These incentives enable management to seek cognitively distant opportunities that provide the firm entrepreneurial rent. Further, the greater the firm-specific risk, the greater the entrepreneurial rent. The source of entrepreneurial rent is the uncertainty associated with the firm’s value opportunities. Further, since managerial attentional resource is shared between the firm’s current operations and the exploitation of the value opportunities, the managerial attentional resources are greater when the firm has greater value opportunities.
An alternative processing pathway of APP reveals two distinct cleavage modes for rhomboid protease RHBDL4
Authors: Recinto Sherilyn Junelle , Paschkowsky Sandra , Munter Lisa Marie
Published: October 2018

Since the first genetic description of a rhomboid in Drosophila melanogaster, tremendous efforts have been geared towards elucidating the proteolytic mechanism of this particular class of intramembrane proteases. In particular, mammalian rhomboid proteases sparked our interest and we aimed to investigate the human homologue RHBDL4. In light of our recent finding of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) family as efficient substrates of RHBDL4, we were enticed to further study the specific proteolytic mechanism of this enzyme by comparing cleavage patterns of wild type APP and APP TMS chimeras. Here, we demonstrate that the introduction of positively charged amino acid residues in the TMS redirects the RHBDL4-mediated cleavage of APP from its ectodomain closer towards the TMS, possibly inducing an ER-associated degradation (ERAD) of the substrate. In addition, we concluded that the cytoplasmic tail and proposed palmitoylation sites in the ectodomain of APP are not essential for the RHBDL4-mediated APP processing. In summary, our previously identified APP ectodomain cleavages by RHBDL4 are a subsidiary mechanism to the proposed RHBDL4-mediated ERAD of substrates likely through a single cleavage near or within the TMS.
The Reluctant En of Inana — or the Persona of Gilgameš in the Perspective of Babylonian Political Philosophy
Authors: Steinkeller Piotr
Published: October 2018

Both the literary tradition and historical data proper indicate that, during the first few centuries of third millenniumBC, Babylonian kingship underwent a significant transformation. While the original leaders of city-states were primarily ritual officials, beginning at ca. 2900–2800 various individuals began emancipating themselves from their ritual roles and the concomitant power of temple households, becoming instead purely secular officials, who strived to establish an independent power base for themselves, and to create hereditary dynastic lines. This paper argues that the paragon of this development was Gilgameš, the presumed early king of Uruk, as his persona and accomplishments are presented in the Sumerian and Akkadian literary sources. Toward that end, various compositions devoted to Gilgameš are discussed, in particular, “Gilgameš, Enkidu, and the Netherworld.”
Competition between coordination bonds and hydrogen bonding interactions in solvatomorphs of copper(II), cadmium(II) and cobalt(II) complexes with 2,2′-bipyridyl and acetate
Authors: do Nascimento Neto José Antônio , da Silva Cameron Capeletti , Ribeiro Leandro , Silva Mendanha Valdo Ana Karoline , Martins Felipe Terra
Published: October 2018

The delicate balance among conformation, coordination bonds and hydrogen bonding has been probed in solvatomorphs of known metal-organic molecules synthesised from copper(II), cadmium(II) and cobalt(II) with acetate (OAc) and 2,2′-bipyridine (bipy). The Cu(OAc)2(bipy) complex, isolated as a pentahydrate, has the acetate ligands oriented to opposite sides of the coordination square plane. DFT calculations show the energy difference between this structure and a syn form amount to approximately 16 kJ/mol. The presence of lattice water enables the formation of O–H···O hydrogen bonds with the acetate ligands. Different coordination numbers and energies are found as a function of the number of water molecules co-crystallising in the Cd(OAc)2(bipy)(OH2)·3H2O and [Co(OAc)(bipy)2](OAc)·3H2O complexes.
DMEK IN KERATOCONUS WITH ACUTE HYDROPS: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Maranhão Lucio V L , Dantas Paulo E C , Ramalho Natalia R L , Pinto Wanessa P
Published: October 2018

We describe the initial results of a Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK) procedure for acute corneal hydrops in a 45-years female with keratoconus that presented with severe visual loss in the left eye (OS). The patients’ best-corrected visual acuity at presentation in the right eye was 20/80 and hand motion in OS. Slit-lamp examination revealed an extensive Descemet’s membrane tear and stromal corneal edema in OS. Two months after the DMEK procedure, the patient presented with a best corrected visual acuity of 20/200 in the affected eye, corneal edema improvement, and an attached Descemet graft.
The Good, the Bad, and the Social
Authors: Winchester Daniel , Hitlin Steven
Published: October 2018

People in every society throughout history have drawn moral lines prohibiting certain behaviors and lauding others, making judgments about right and wrong and what people should and should not do, think, and feel. Humans, it seems, are characteristically moral animals, with some of these moral impulses doubtlessly rooted in our biology.
Women of God
Authors: Avishai Orit
Published: October 2018

Is God bad for women? Media consumers in North America and Europe are probably familiar with this narrative: conservative and fundamentalist religions—those that take religion seriously and politicize religiosity—are on the rise, and that's bad for women. In France, wearing a the headscarf in public spaces is decried as an affront to French notions of citizenship and to women's personhood. In the United States, Afghan women's plight at the hands of the Taliban was used as a justification for American intervention. Since the emancipation of women and the diversification of family forms and sexualities are among the hallmarks of modernity and secularization, and since fundamentalist religious groups tend to hold traditional views on gender, sexuality, and the family, conservative religions are typically viewed as antithetical to women's interests (not to mention modern, democratic ideals of choice and the freedom to chart one's own destiny).
Intraoperative carcinoid syndrome during small-bowel neuroendocrine tumour surgery
Authors: Fouché Myrtille , Bouffard Yves , Le Goff Mary-Charlotte , Prothet Johanne , Malavieille François , Sagnard Pierre , Christin Françoise , Hayi-Slayman Davy , Pasquer Arnaud , Poncet Gilles , Walter Thomas , Rimmelé Thomas
Published: October 2018

Only few descriptions of intraoperative carcinoid syndrome (ioCS) have been reported. The primary objective of this study was to describe ioCS. A second aim was to identify risk factors of ioCS. We retrospectively analysed patients operated for small-bowel neuroendocrine tumour in our institution between 2007 and 2015, and receiving our preventive local regimen of octreotide continuous administration. ioCS was defined as highly probable in case of rapid (<5 min) arterial blood pressure changes ≥40%, not explained by surgical/anaesthetic management and regressive ≥20% after octreotide bolus injection. Probable cases were ioCS which did not meet all criteria of highly-probable ioCS. Suspected ioCS were detected on the anaesthesia record by an injection of octreotide due to a manifestation which did not meet the criteria for highly-probable or probable ioCS. A total of 81 patients (liver metastases: 59, prior carcinoid syndrome: 49, carcinoid heart disease: 7) were included; 139 ioCS occurred in 45 patients: 45 highly probable, 67 probable and 27 suspected. ioCs was hypertensive (91%) and/or hypotensive (29%). There was no factor, including the use of vasopressors, significantly associated with the occurrence of an ioCS. All surgeries were completed and one patient died from cardiac failure 4 days after surgery. After preoperative octreotide continuous infusion, ioCS were mainly hypertensive. No ioCS risk factors, including vasopressor use, were identified. No intraoperative carcinoid crisis occurred, suggesting the clinical relevance of a standardized octreotide prophylaxis protocol.
Growth hormone controls lipolysis by regulation of FSP27 expression
Authors: Sharma Rita , Luong Quyen , Sharma Vishva M , Harberson Mitchell , Harper Brian , Colborn Andrew , Berryman Darlene E , Jessen Niels , Jørgensen Jens Otto Lunde , Kopchick John J , Puri Vishwajeet , Lee Kevin Y
Published: October 2018

Growth hormone (GH) has long been known to stimulate lipolysis and insulin resistance; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are unknown. In the present study, we demonstrate that GH acutely induces lipolysis in cultured adipocytes. This effect is secondary to the reduced expression of a negative regulator of lipolysis, fat-specific protein 27 (FSP27; aka Cidec) at both the mRNA and protein levels. These effects are mimickedin vivoas transgenic overexpression of GH leads to a reduction of FSP27 expression. Mechanistically, we show GH modulation of FSP27 expression is mediated through activation of both MEK/ERK- and STAT5-dependent intracellular signaling. These two molecular pathways interact to differentially manipulate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activity (PPARγ) on the FSP27 promoter. Furthermore, overexpression of FSP27 is sufficient to fully suppress GH-induced lipolysis and insulin resistance in cultured adipocytes. Taken together, these data decipher a molecular mechanism by which GH acutely regulates lipolysis and insulin resistance in adipocytes.
Influence of AT1 blockers on obesity and stress-induced eating of cafeteria diet
Authors: Gustaityte Viktorija , Winkler Martina , Stölting Ines , Raasch Walter
Published: October 2018

Based on findings that treatment with AT1receptor blocker (ARB) prevents diet-induced obesity and that the activity of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis is stimulated by AngII and blocked by ARBs, we aimed to investigate whether ARB treatment can reduce stress-induced eating of cafeteria diet (CD), thus contributing to alterations in eating behavior. Sprague–Dawley rats were fed with chow or CD and treated with telmisartan (TEL, 8 mg/kg/day) or vehicle. At weeks 2 and 12, rats were stressed over five consecutive days by restraint stress (RS, 4 h) and by additional shaking at d5. Tail blood was sampled during RS to determine hormone levels. During the first period of RS, ACTH and corticosterone responses were diminished at d5 in CD- compared to chow-fed rats. Independently of feeding, TEL did not reduce stress hormones. Compared to food behavior before RS, the stress-induced CD eating increased in controls but remained unchanged in TEL-treated rats. After 12 weeks, TEL reduced weight gain and energy intake, particularly in CD-fed rats. Similar to the first RS period, corticosterone response was reduced in CD-fed rats at d5 during the second RS period. TEL did not further reduce stress hormones and did not lessen the CD eating upon RS. We conclude that CD feeding compensates for stress reactions. However, stress-induced CD eating was only reduced by TEL after short term, but not after long-term drug treatment. Thus, the potency of ARBs to lower HPA activity only plays a minor role in reducing energy intake to prevent obesity.
Anatomy and Physiology of the Digestive Tract of Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Miguel-Aliaga Irene , Jasper Heinrich , Lemaitre Bruno
Published: October 2018

The gastrointestinal tract has recently come to the forefront of multiple research fields. It is now recognized as a major source of signals modulating food intake, insulin secretion and energy balance. It is also a key player in immunity and, through its interaction with microbiota, can shape our physiology and behavior in complex and sometimes unexpected ways. The insect intestine had remained, by comparison, relatively unexplored until the identification of adult somatic stem cells in the Drosophila intestine over a decade ago. Since then, a growing scientific community has exploited the genetic amenability of this insect organ in powerful and creative ways. By doing so, we have shed light on a broad range of biological questions revolving around stem cells and their niches, interorgan signaling and immunity. Despite their relatively recent discovery, some of the mechanisms active in the intestine of flies have already been shown to be more widely applicable to other gastrointestinal systems, and may therefore become relevant in the context of human pathologies such as gastrointestinal cancers, aging, or obesity. This review summarizes our current knowledge of both the formation and function of the Drosophila melanogaster digestive tract, with a major focus on its main digestive/absorptive portion: the strikingly adaptable adult midgut.
Establishment of Transgenesis in the Demosponge Suberites domuncula
Authors: Revilla-i-Domingo Roger , Schmidt Clara , Zifko Clara , Raible Florian
Published: October 2018

Sponges (Porifera) represent one of the most basally branching animal clades with key relevance for evolutionary studies, stem cell biology, and development. Despite a long history of sponges as experimental model systems, however, functional molecular studies are still very difficult to perform in these animals. Here, we report the establishment of transgenic technology as a basic and versatile experimental tool for sponge research. We demonstrate that slice explants of the demosponge Suberites domuncula regenerate functional sponge tissue and can be cultured for extended periods of time, providing easy experimental access under controlled conditions. We further show that an engineered expression construct driving the enhanced green fluorescence protein (egfp) gene under control of the Suberites domuncula β-actin locus can be transfected into such tissue cultures, and that faithfully spliced transcripts are produced from such transfected DNA. Finally, by combining fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) with quantitative PCR, we validate that transfected cells can be specifically reisolated from tissue based on their fluorescence. Although the number of detected enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-expressing cells is still limited, our approach represents the first successful introduction and expression of exogenous DNA in a sponge. These results represent a significant advance for the use of transgenic technology in a cornerstone phylum, for instance for the use in lineage tracing experiments.
Coalescence and Linkage Disequilibrium in Facultatively Sexual Diploids
Authors: Hartfield Matthew , Wright Stephen I , Agrawal Aneil F
Published: October 2018

Under neutrality, linkage disequilibrium results from physically linked sites having nonindependent coalescent histories. In obligately sexual organisms, meiotic recombination is the dominant force separating linked variants from one another, and thus in determining the decay of linkage disequilibrium with physical distance. In facultatively sexual diploid organisms that principally reproduce clonally, mechanisms of mitotic exchange are expected to become relatively more important in shaping linkage disequilibrium. Here we outline mathematical and computational models of a facultative-sex coalescent process that includes meiotic and mitotic recombination, via both crossovers and gene conversion, to determine how linkage disequilibrium is affected with facultative sex. We demonstrate that the degree to which linkage disequilibrium is broken down by meiotic recombination simply scales with the probability of sex if it is sufficiently high (much greater than 1/N for population size N). However, with very rare sex (occurring with frequency on the order of 1/N), mitotic gene conversion plays a particularly important and complicated role because it both breaks down associations between sites and removes within-individual diversity. Strong population structure under rare sex leads to lower average linkage disequilibrium values than in panmictic populations, due to the influence of low-frequency polymorphisms created by allelic sequence divergence acting in individual subpopulations. These analyses provide information on how to interpret observed linkage disequilibrium patterns in facultative sexuals and to determine what genomic forces are likely to shape them.
Accurate Genomic Prediction of Human Height
Authors: Lello Louis , Avery Steven G , Tellier Laurent , Vazquez Ana I , de los Campos Gustavo , Hsu Stephen D H
Published: October 2018

Hsu et al. used advanced methods from machine learning to analyze almost half a million genomes. They produced, for the first time, accurate genomic predictors for complex traits such as height, bone density, and educational attainment...

We construct genomic predictors for heritable but extremely complex human quantitative traits (height, heel bone density, and educational attainment) using modern methods in high dimensional statistics (i.e., machine learning). The constructed predictors explain, respectively, ∼40, 20, and 9% of total variance for the three traits, in data not used for training. For example, predicted heights correlate ∼0.65 with actual height; actual heights of most individuals in validation samples are within a few centimeters of the prediction. The proportion of variance explained for height is comparable to the estimated common SNP heritability from genome-wide complex trait analysis (GCTA), and seems to be close to its asymptotic value (i.e., as sample size goes to infinity), suggesting that we have captured most of the heritability for SNPs. Thus, our results close the gap between prediction R-squared and common SNP heritability. The ∼20k activated SNPs in our height predictor reveal the genetic architecture of human height, at least for common variants. Our primary dataset is the UK Biobank cohort, comprised of almost 500k individual genotypes with multiple phenotypes. We also use other datasets and SNPs found in earlier genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for out-of-sample validation of our results.
Sucrose Signaling Regulates Anthocyanin Biosynthesis Through a MAPK Cascade in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Meng Lai-Sheng , Xu Meng-Ke , Wan Wen , Yu Fei , Li Cong , Wang Jing-Yi , Wei Zhi-Qin , Lv Meng-Jiao , Cao Xiao-Ying , Li Zong-Yun , Jiang Ji-Hong
Published: October 2018

Anthocyanin accumulation specifically depends on sucrose (Suc) signaling. However, the molecular basis of this process remains unknown. In this study, in vitro pull-down assays identified ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE3 (EIN3), a component of both sugar signaling or/and metabolism. This protein interacted with YDA, and the physiological relevance of this interaction was confirmed by in planta co-immunoprecipitation, yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) assay, and bimolecular fluorescence complementation. Ethylene insensitive3-like 1 (eil1) ein3 double-mutant seedlings, but not ein3-1 seedlings, showed anthocyanin accumulation. Furthermore, ein3-1 suppressed anthocyanin accumulation in yda-1 plants. Thus, EMB71/YDA-EIN3-EIL1 may form a sugar-mediated gene cascade integral to the regulation of anthocyanin accumulation. Moreover, the EMB71/YDA-EIN3-EIL1 gene cascade module directly targeted the promoter of Transparent Testa 8 (TT8) by direct EIN3 binding. Collectively, our data inferred a molecular model where the signaling cascade of the YDA-EIN3-TT8 appeared to target TT8 via EIN3, thereby modulating Suc signaling–mediated anthocyanin accumulation.
A 17-Year-Old Girl With Weight Loss and Elevated Inflammatory Markers
Authors: Toner Keri , Srinivasalu Hemalatha , Guerrera Michael , Shirron Kelley , Bandarkar Anjum , Diamond Carrie , Chokshi Binny
Published: October 2018

A 17-year-old girl presented to her primary care physician with a history of unintentional weight loss and vague sensory symptoms, including tingling of her lower extremities. She had a nonrevealing neurology workup and a largely normal rheumatology workup apart from mild elevation in her inflammatory markers. She also had a nonfocal examination apart from a posterior cervical lymph node (2 × 1 cm). Given that she was well appearing, with a nonfocal examination and only mild laboratory abnormalities, she was told to follow-up with rheumatology in 3 months. Around that time, she re-presented to her medical home for a well-child visit, during which she was noted to have continued weight loss, now amounting to 17 lb in 1 year, and marked further elevation in her inflammatory markers. Her laboratory results were also significant for a profound microcytic anemia requiring inpatient admission for blood transfusion. During her admission, she was seen by the rheumatology, gastroenterology, and oncology subspecialty teams. Despite imaging studies and extensive laboratory workup, there was no unifying diagnosis at the time of her hospital discharge. Ultimately, an outpatient imaging study revealed the etiology.
O uso da estatística em grandes e médias empresas de autopeças no estado de São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: De Toledo José Carlos , Lizarelli Fabiane Letícia , Aires Borrás Miguel Ángel , Martins Manoel Fernando
Published: October 2018

A utilização de abordagens de melhoria supõe análises e decisões baseadas em informações provenientes da análise de dados, o que tem associação direta com a utilização do Pensamento Estatístico (PEst) e de Ferramentas Estatísticas (FE). O artigo analisa o uso do PEst e de fe, bem como os benefícios percebidos em uma amostra de empresas de grande e médio porte de manufatura de autopeças do estado brasileiro de São Paulo. As empresas pertencentes a essa indústria adotam abordagens de melhoria há um tempo relativamente maior em comparação a outros setores industriais e é esperado que, por meio dessas abordagens, tenha sido criado um ambiente com maturidade no uso de conceitos de fe. A pesquisa empírica foi realizada por meio de um websurvey, obtendo-se uma amostra de 32 empresas, com a utilização de questionário respondido por gerentes da qualidade, produção ou da área de melhoria. Apesar do uso de diversas abordagens de melhoria, as empresas analisadas ainda não incorporaram completamente os conceitos estatísticos e possuem dificuldade no uso das ferramentas, principalmente as consideradas mais complexas. A análise multivariada dos dados evidenciou que o comportamento das empresas em relação à utilização de e de FE não é homogêneo, e indicou grupos de empresas em diferentes níveis de maturidade no uso e nos benefícios percebidos.
First record of Voyria caerulea Aubl. (Gentianaceae), a mycoheterotrophic plant, in Maranhão state, northeastern Brazil
Authors: Ferreira Alessandro Wagner Coelho , Calió Maria Fernanda , Ribeiro da Silva Junior Wagner , Silva Maycon Jordan Costa da , de Oliveira Miguel Sena , Oliveira Silva Eduardo , Guarçoni Elidio Armando Exposto , Carvalho Andressa Ketilly Cabral de , de Figueiredo Nivaldo
Published: October 2018

We report the first record of Voyria caerulea from the state of Maranhão, northeastern Brazil. A fertile specimen was collected in a gallery forest during the rainy season, within the boundaries of the municipality of São Raimundo das Mangabeiras. This find contributes to the knowledge on the micoheterotrophic flora of Maranhão and expands the geographic distribution of this species in Brazil. We also present a taxonomic description, illustrations, an occurrence map of the newly found population, and an identification key for all the species of Voyria that occur in Maranhão.
Sexual Education of Adolescents with Moderate Intellectual Disability in Family: Experience of Mothers
Authors: Ustilaitė Stasė , Petrauskienė Alina
Published: October 2018

The article analyses the aspects of sexual education of adolescents with a moderate intellectual disability in the family and the needs for the realisation of the role of mothers as educators. The experiences of mothers are revealed in order to understand the experiences of mothers, reactions towards the sexual maturation of the adolescents, educational efforts in the family, the search for assistance. The answers to the following problematic questions are sought: What experiences, which are related to the sexual maturation of the adolescents and sexual education in the family, do mothers experience? What are the efforts and assistance search of mothers as sexuality educators in the family? 8 mothers, who are bringing up children with a moderate intellect disability, participated in the study. To collect the data, the method of focus group discussion was employed, qualitative content analysis was used for the data analysis. Sexual education of the adolescents with a moderate intellectual disability in the family cause discomfort and inconvenience to the mothers, they experience doubts, confusion, a burden, when performing the role of a sexual educator. Their efforts, at the time of the initiation educational conversations on such themes as the dignity of a girl, the maintenance of sexual, romantic, love relationships, childbearing and parental responsibilities with the adolescent in a family environment, are cautious and unassertive. The needs for psychological and educational preparedness of the mothers to perform the role of a sexual educator are revealed: the understanding of personal reactions to the sexual maturation of the adolescents and seksual behavior, the acquisition of confidence to develop social and self-expression skills of the adolescents with a disability, value-related attitudes regarding family ethics, a man and a woman love, friendship, family relationships. The perspective of social assistance for the mothers is related to the expansion of the possibilities for their self-realization, professional career, leisure time and relief and the promotion of the participation of their family in community activities.
Training of Prospective Teachers of Foreign Language to Work in Inclusive Classes
Authors: Dmitrenko Natalia , Voloshyna Oksana
Published: October 2018

The theoretical and methodological basis of training of prospective teachers of foreign language to work in inclusive classes is examined. The authors consider pedagogical conditions that promote the successful formation of inclusive competence of foreign language teachers in the process of professional training. Specific features of studying course “Methods of English Teaching in Inclusive Classes” are analyzed. Methodological principles, methods, forms, and techniques of teaching of foreign language in inclusive classes are discussed.
Individualization and Differentiation of the Content of Primary Education by Using Virtual Learning Environment “EDUKA class”
Authors: Kondratavičienė Renata
Published: October 2018

The article reveals the concept of individualization and differentiation of curriculum content in a real and virtual learning environment. It examines how the virtual learning environment (EDUKA class) features the ability to personalize and differentiate tasks, use digital textbooks and virtual material, provide and receive feedback, monitor progress and learning outcomes, and help to individualize and differentiate the content of elementary education at school.

In order to evaluate the use of the core functions of the virtual teaching environment “EDUKA class” – working with groups, tasks and lesson material, feedback and learning outcomes and tracking progress - to differentiate and personalize the content of primary education, a quantitative survey was conducted - a written survey of respondents. It took place in 2017 from June to August, 109 Lithuanian primary school teachers were actively interviewing the virtual learning environment “EDUKA class” in the learning process. Data received by respondents in response to closed questions were analyzed by the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) for Windows 17.0 program. Descriptive statistics used for quantitative survey processing. The qualitative analysis (i. e. content analysis) was used to analyze the answers to open questions in the questionnaire.

The results of the research showed that in the virtual teaching environment “EDUKA class”, the teacher quickly and comfortably divides students into homogeneous groups according to their talents, progress, inclinations, interests. Based on the individual differences of pupils, the teacher creates open-ended tasks and closed-ended tests in accordance with the complexity of the group’s students. Conducts teaching materials (files, links) created and used in the educational process. Environment The “EDUKA class” facilitates teacher work by differentiating learning content, monitoring student learning outcomes and progress by providing feedback to students and their parents.
CRISPR Editing of Immortalized Cell Lines with RNPs using Nucleofection v1
Authors: not provided Synthego , not provided Synthego
Published: October 2018

This protocol describes how to deliver ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes that consist of purified Cas9 nuclease duplexed with chemically modified synthetic single guide RNA (sgRNA) to immortalized adherent cells or suspension cells. RNP delivery is accomplished using the Lonza 4D NucleofectorTMunit with 16-well NucleocuvetteTMStrips. A option for knock-in is included. Chemically modified sgRNAs are designed to resist exonucleases and innate intracellular immune cascades that can lead to cell death. Synthego chemically modified synthetic sgRNAs are ofexceptionalpurity and consistently drive high editing efficiencies.
Gradient of a spatial point process along a linear feature v1
Authors: Koren Miklós
Published: October 2018

How we measure the gradient of he density of 19th century post offices along North American rivers in our paper Armenter, Roc, Miklós Koren and Dávid K Nagy. “Bridges” Method relies on maximum likelihood formula in Zhao, M., and M. Xie. 1996. “On Maximum Likelihood Estimation for a General Non-Homogeneous Poisson Process.” Scandinavian Journal of Statistics, Theory and Applications 23 (4): 597–607.
Markov Chain Monte Carlo Parameter Estimation of the ODE Compartmental Cell Growth Model
Authors: Luzyanina T. , Bocharov G.
Published: October 2018

We use a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method to quantify uncertainty in parameters of the heterogeneous linear compartmental model of cell population growth,
described by a system of ordinary differential equations. This model allows division number-dependent rates of cell proliferation and death and describes the rate
of changes in the numbers of cells having undergone j divisions. The experimental data set specifies the following characteristics of the kinetics of human T
lymphocyte proliferation assay in vitro: the total number of live cells and dead but not disintegrated cells and the number of cells
divided j times. Our goal is to compare results of the MCMC analysis of the uncertainty in the best-fit parameter estimates with
the ones obtained earlier, using the variance-covariance approach, the profile-likelihood based approach and the bootstrap technique. We show that the computed
posterior probability density functions are Gaussian for most of the model parameters and they are close to Gaussian ones for other parameters except one.
We present posterior uncertainty limits for the model solution and new observations.
El perfil del estudiante de pregrado de la facultad de ciencias económicas y su percepción sobre la Universidad Militar Nueva Granada (UMNG)
Authors: Acuña Barrantes Henry
Published: October 2018

Este documento tiene como propósito gene­ral presentar el perfil del estudiante neogranadino que ingresa a la universidad Militar Nueva Grana­da; en los programas de la Facultad de ciencias económicas. Para este estudio se realizó una en­cuesta; basada en una muestra probabilística en estudiantes de los primeros tres semestres de los programas de Administración de Empresas; Contaduría Pública y Economía; la cual permitió recoger la opinión sobre el gusto; la necesidad; la manera de seleccionar la Universidad y las expec­tativas observadas previo y posterior a su ingreso a la UMNG. Posteriormente se hizo análisis cuali­tativo de los datos donde se evidenciaron los ele­mentos relevantes y motivos del estudio; para ha­cer la tabulación y análisis correspondiente.
Using of the method of electron microscopy for the identification and analysis of clinically implicit pathogenetic manifestations
Authors: Nikonova L. G. , Banin V. V. , Stel'nikova I. G.
Published: October 2018

Electron microscopic examination of B cells of pancreatic islets of the pancreas in dogs with normal (n=10) and impaired glucose tolerance (n=10) was performed. Ultrastructural features of the organization of insulin cells associated with an increased requirement of the hormone in the body with the latent form of diabetes mellitus are established. In B cells, signs of functional tension due to unregulated secretion, manifested by the expansion of endoplasmic reticulum cisterns, Golgi complex hypertrophy, an increase in the number of immature secretory granules and vacuoles in the cytoplasm are revealed in B cells.
Anatomical features of the pelvis in Azerbaijani women according to osteometry
Authors: Khydyrov E. A. , Ganbaeva Sh. F. , Ibragimov A. Sh.
Published: October 2018

The purpose of the study was to identify morphological features of the pelvis of Azerbaijani women. Material and methods. The osteological collection from the museum of the anatomy department of the human anatomy department of the Azerbaijan Medical University (total 78 female pelvis, aged 16 to 60) was studied. On each anatomic preparation of the bone pelvis 15 pelviometric signs were studied according to the standard standard procedure. The results were recorded in an electronic database in Microsoft Excel (version 2007), where the necessary statistical calculations were performed. Results. According to the results of osteometry, three forms of the pelvis are distinguished: normal shape, uniformly dense shape, and transversely restricted pelvic shape. Parameters of 42 objects were assigned to the normal form. Basins with a transverse diameter of less than 11.8 cm. and the transverse diameter of the exit of the small pelvis is less than 10.5 cm. were assigned to the transversalized forms of the pelvis; There were 18 such objects in the collection. The remaining objects had osteometric characteristics that differed from the average values were attributed to the uniformly constricted forms of the pelvis. The maximum parameters of the parameters were noted in the group of normal cans, and the minimum ones in the group of uniformly-compressed pelvis. The narrow pelvic forms were characterized by low values of pelviometric traits, and for normal ones - high indices. Conclusions. The revealed features of the pelvic dimensions are planned to be used for the development of appropriate anthropometric standards.
Early repolarization on ECG (early repolarization pattern and syndrome)
Authors: Gordeeva M. S. , Zemskov I. A. , Sokolova A. A. , Parmon E. V.
Published: October 2018

PurposeTo study the early repolarization pattern (ERP) in patient with nonischemic cardiomyopathies (acute myocarditis and arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C)).

Materials and methods: We analyzed 2 groups of patients: The 1st group — 29 patients with acute myocarditis (21 male, age 48,7±13,5); the 2nd — 51 patients with confirmed diagnose of ARVD/C (27 male, age 33±7). We used the criteria by Macfarlane P.W. et al., 2015 to identify ERP. Also we analyzed the results of endomiocardial biopsy (EMB).

Results:In the 1st group ERP was detected in 13,8% (4) patients), in the 2nd ERP was detected in 17,6% (9) patients. There was no significant difference between frequency of ERP in these groups (p>0.05In the 1st group in all patients was detected inflammation by EMB, myocardial fibrosis was found in 25% (1) patients. In the 2nd group in 22,2% (2) patients with ERP there were no structural abnormalities detected by EMB, and other 78% patients had residual myocytes.

Conclusions.On the example of myocarditis and ARVD/C we demonstrated that the ERP was not studied for all diseases that have a pathogenetic basis for its occurrence. Further prospective studies are necessary to evaluate the relationship with the arrhythmias, including malignant ones.
Unsatisfactory results of a drug resistant epilepsy surgical treatment: reasons analysis and treatment optimization way
Authors: Odintsova G. V. , Aleksandrov M. V. , Ulitin A. U. , Nezdorovina V. G. , Chuchlovin A. A. , Koloteva А. V.
Published: October 2018

The relevance of the studied problem was caused by high prevalence of drug resistant epilepsy, an increased structural epilepsy detection and extension indications for a surgical treatment.

The purpose of article consisted in a research of the reasons of low efficiency of epilepsy surgical treatment in adult population with a cross-disciplinary approach position.

Material and methods.The leading approach was the retrospective open research of the failure factors at 14 patiens.

Results.It was revealed unsatisfactory result of epilepsy surgical treatment was caused by a complex of the reasons. The disease features have been the main reason for a failure in 100% of cases, additional reasons: irrational pharmacotherapy -in 86%, the surgical reasons — in 36% of cases.

Conclusions.The unsatisfactory result of epilepsy surgical treatment was caused by a complex of the reasons. Cross-disciplinary approach to a problem, improvement of the epilepsy managment, further researches are required.  Materials of article can be useful for the personified approach at surgical treatment of epilepsy.
Participação dos municípios do estado do Espírito Santo nos gastos da Função Desporto e Lazer
Authors: Santos Edmilson Santos dos , Santos Alisson Gomes dos
Published: October 2018

O presente estudo, de natureza descritivo-exploratória, tem por objetivo analisar o papel desempenhado pelos municípios do estado do Espírito Santo no financiamento das políticas de esporte e de lazer através da Função Desporto e Lazer (FDL), de 2002 a 2011. Como objetivos específicos: (a) analisar o nível de adesão das prefeituras ao gasto na FDL; (b) identificar os níveis de comprometimento do gasto na FDL da receita corrente dos municípios; (c) verificar o percentual da receita da FDL por níveis de IDH. A FDL se refere à classificação do gasto orçamentário realizado em políticas de esporte e de lazer, estabelecida através da Portaria nº. 42 do Ministério da Gestão e Orçamento, e é publicada anualmente pelo Sistema de Informações Contábeis e Fiscais do Setor Público brasileiro (SICONFI). Há forte descentralização das políticas de esporte e de lazer em curso e elevada permanência no gasto na FDL. O gasto na FDL tem viés concentrador, premiando com maior volume de recursos as duas principais cidades do estado. O gasto por receita corrente se diferencia por níveis de IDH. Os municípios de IDHM alcançaram os maiores resultados em relação à FDL/receita corrente.
Letramento em Matemática no PISA: o que sabem e podem fazer os estudantes?
Authors: Ortigão Maria Isabel Ramalho , Santos Maria José Costa , Lima Rafael de Lima
Published: October 2018

Apresentamos resultados de pesquisa que buscou compreender desempenhos em Matemática de estudantes brasileiros, baseada em dados do PISA. Pesquisa foi conduzida envolvendo: análise exploratória dos microdados do PISA 2012, análise do conteúdo dos itens públicos de Matemática utilizados no PISA 2012 e aplicação desses itens a estudantes de 15 anos matriculados no 1º ano do ensino médio em duas escolas públicas. Foi evidenciada porcentagem significativa de estudantes brasileiros nos níveis mais baixos da escala global e das subescalas de letramento matemático, configurando situação grave para cerca de metade de nossos estudantes. Conteúdos dos 56 itens públicos de Matemática foram analisados e classificados em relação a: especificidade do tema, contexto e exigência solicitada em sua solução. Ao aplicar esses itens ao grupo de estudantes do ensino médio, identificamos que as maiores dificuldades referem-se a cálculo da medida de área, triângulo retângulo e Teorema de Pitágoras.
A percentagem na aprendizagem com compreensão dos números racionais
Authors: Guerreiro Helena Gil , Serrazina Lurdes , Da Ponte João Pedro
Published: October 2018

Neste artigo discutimos a construção do conhecimento conceptual dos números racionais, por alunos do 3.º e 4.º ano do ensino básico, como processo integrado em que se privilegia a percentagem. Pretendemos perceber, numa etapa inicial da aprendizagem dos números racionais, que compreensão constroem os alunos da natureza relacional da percentagem e de que modo a percentagem contribui para essa aprendizagem, considerando uma compreensão das relações entre as diferentes representações os números racionais. Este estudo tem por base uma experiência de ensino, seguindo uma metodologia de Investigação Baseada em Design. Os dados foram recolhidos através da observação participante, apoiada num diário de bordo, e de gravações áudio e vídeo das aulas, sendo analisados os diálogos e as produções dos alunos de uma turma. Os resultados evidenciam que os alunos mostram compreender a natureza relacional da percentagem e que a compreensão das relações e conceitos envolvidos na noção de percentagem contribuem para a construção de um entendimento da natureza multiplicativa dos números racionais.
Calculation of Technological Consumption (Loss) of Electricity in Modern 0.38–10 kV Electrical Distribution Networks
Authors: Fursanov M. I. , Zalotoy A. A. , Makarevich V. V.
Published: October 2018

. New conditions of functioning of electric power industry, tougher of requirements to technological condition of the industry predetermined transition to restructuring of electric networks on the basis of innovative structure of SMART GRID. This leads to the improvement of traditional tasks of calculation and analysis of modes and technological consumption (loss) of electricity. The authors have developed a promising method of operational calculations of technical losses of electricity in modern electrical networks of 0.38–10 kV on the basis of telemechanical graphs of loads on the head sections of distribution lines, in the area of additional installation of digital metering devices and of sources of distributed generation. The method proposes a new technique for determining the flow of electric energy in the sections of distribution lines. This is done as follows. First, according to the data of additional measurements of the network and taking into account the calculated no-load losses of transformers, electricity flows are calculated in the head sections of 6–10 kV lines. Then, according to the obtained data and the measured values of the active and reactive energy graphs of the head sections, the electric power flows targeted for their subsequent distribution over all sections of the 0.38–10 kV network are determined, taking into account the load losses of electricity and the flow distribution coefficients. The distribution coefficients are the fractions of the calculated phase loads of the 0.38 kV network of their total value. Then, according to the obtained data and the measured values of the active and reactive energy graphs on the head sections, the electric power flows intended for their subsequent distribution over all sections of the 0.38–10 kV network are determined, taking into account the load losses of electricity and the flow distribution coefficients. The basic analytical relations concerning the estimation of losses and mode as well as an example of calculation of technological consumption (loss) of electricity in the general scheme of the distribution network of 0.38; 6 and 10 kV are given. The latter is performed for a single (first)stage of load graphs.
Identification of Virginia‐Type Peanut Genotypes for Water‐Deficit Conditions Based on Early Decrease in Transpiration Rate with Soil Drying
Authors: Sinclair Thomas R. , Shekoofa Avat , Isleib Thomas G. , Balota Maria , Zhang Hao
Published: October 2018

Early decrease in transpiration rate as soil progressively dries allows soil water conservation for sustained crop physiological activity as water deficit continues to increase. This trait is likely to be particularly useful for peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), which is often grown on sandy soil where water deficit can develop quickly. This study was undertaken to identify peanut genotypes that express this water conservation trait and to determine if it confers a yield advantage. Three approaches were taken. (i) Two populations of peanut were tested in controlled environments during progressive soil drying. Especially high thresholds of soil water content for initiation of decrease in transpiration rate were identified in three lines in each of the breeding populations. (ii) Nine genotypes were identified for field observation of leaf wilting under rain shelters and in the open field. There was a correspondence between the early decrease in transpiration rate with soil drying and delayed wilting. (iii) Yield trial data for three genotypes were examined to identify those lines that consistently had higher yields than the commercial check cultivar ‘Bailey’, particularly at low yield levels commonly associated with drier conditions. When expressing total seed yield in monetary return, these breeding lines had yield values that were consistently superior to Bailey below the US$2000 ha−1 threshold. Based on the three experimental approaches, N12006ol consistently expressed a desired response of early decrease in transpiration rate with soil drying, delayed wilting in the field when soil water deficit developed, and greater yield value than Bailey in low‐yield environments.