bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improved Efficiency of Multi-Stage Fracturing Operations: An Innovative Pressure Activated Toe Sleeve
Authors: Yuan Feng , Palmer Chris , Blanton Eric , Tough John
Published: February 2021

Over the last decade productive capacity of both oil and gas from previously uneconomic North American unconventional shale resources has been dramatically enhanced due to advanced horizontal drilling technology combined with multi-stage hydraulic fracturing treatment maximizing access to productive zones. Currently two types of multi-stage fracturing completion systems are in common use: The conventional Plug-and-Perf (P-n-P) method in cased holeFrac sleeves using open hole (OH) packers or cementing to isolate multiple stages

To streamline the fracturing process, a new pressure-activated toe sleeve has been developed for both methods which is run in the hole on the bottom of the completion string and actuated after two pressure applications. This sleeve isn't immediately open after the first pressure application, so casing integrity pressure testing can be conducted and pressure can also be held indefinitely to satisfy a range of regulatory requirements. As the second application of pressure is bled down, the sleeve locks open and then composite plugs for P-n-P or balls for frac sleeves can be pumped down to begin subsequent stimulation operations. This toe sleeve is especially beneficial in P-n-P completions, as an alternative to tubing conveyed perforating (TCP) to initiate pump-down operations, eliminating the initial perforation run.

As a result the following features and benefits can be realized: This toe sleeve is is hydraulically actuated after two separate pressure cycles applicationsEach pressure cycle application can be held indefinitely for casing integrity pressure testing to satisfy all expected regulatory requirementsThere is no restriction on the time between two pressure applicationsIt eliminates the need for TCP perforating in the first stage of a cemented P-n-P completion at the toe of wellMultiple sleeves can be installed and activated open simultaneously at the toe of the completion stringThe toe sleeve design incorporates port areas sufficient to pump the first stimulation operation, adding an additional zone to any fracturing completion

The toe sleeve is fully cement compatibleThis paper will present the operational mechanisms and a case study of the use of this unique toe sleeve which adds significant operating efficiency and lowers the cost of multi-stage fracturing with valid casing integrity pressure test.
Observation of higher-order non-Hermitian skin effect
Authors: Zhang Xiujuan , Tian Yuan , Jiang Jian-Hua , Lu Ming-Hui , Chen Yan-Feng
Published: February 2021

Hermitian theories play a major role in understanding the physics of most phenomena. It has been found only in the past decade that non-Hermiticity enables unprecedented effects such as exceptional points, spectral singularities and bulk Fermi arcs. Recent studies further show that non-Hermiticity can fundamentally change the topological band theory, leading to the non-Hermitian band topology and non-Hermitian skin effect, as confirmed in one-dimensional (1D) systems. However, in higher dimensions, these non-Hermitian effects remain unexplored in experiments. Here, we demonstrate the spin-polarized, higher-order non-Hermitian skin effect in two-dimensional (2D) acoustic metamaterials. Using a lattice of coupled whisper-gallery acoustic resonators, we realize a spinful 2D higher-order topological insulator (HOTI) where the spin-up and spin-down states are emulated by the anti-clockwise and clockwise modes, respectively. We find that the non-Hermiticity drives wave localizations toward opposite edge boundaries depending on the spin polarizations. More interestingly, for finite systems with both edge and corner boundaries, the higher-order non-Hermitian skin effect leads to wave localizations toward two corner boundaries for the bulk, edge and corner states in a spin-dependent manner. We further show that such a non-Hermitian skin effect enables rich wave manipulation through the loss configuration in each unit-cell. The reported spin-dependent, higher-order non-Hermitian skin effect reveals the interplay between higher-order topology and non-Hermiticity, which is further enriched by the spin degrees of freedom. This unveils a new horizon in the study of non-Hermitian physics and the design of non-Hermitian metamaterials.
The volcanic geology of Morella Crater, Ganges Cavus and Elaver Vallis, Mars
Authors: Michalski Joseph R.
Published: February 2021

Mars contains a large number of yet unexplained collapse features, sometimes spatially linked to large outflow channels. These pits and cavi are often taken as evidence for collapse due to the release of large volumes of pressurized groundwater. One such feature, Ganges Cavus, is an extremely deep (~ 6 km) collapse structure nested on the southern rim of Morella Crater, a 78-km-diameter impact structure breached on its east side by the Elaver Vallis outflow channel. Previous workers have concluded that Ganges Cavus, and other similar collapse features in the Valles Mariners area formed due to catastrophic release of pressurized groundwater that ponded and ultimately flowed over the surface. However, in the case of Ganges Cavus and Morella Crater, I show that the groundwater hypothesis cannot adequately explain the geology. The geology of Morella Crater, Ganges Cavus and the surrounding plains including Elaver Vallis is dominantly volcanic. Morella Crater contained a large picritic to komatiitic lava lake (> 3400 km3), which may have spilled through the eastern wall of the basin. Ganges Cavus is a voluminous (> 2100 km3) collapsed caldera. Morella Crater, Ganges Cavus and Elaver Vallis illustrate a volcanic link between structural collapse, formation and potential spillover of a large lake, and erosion and transport, but in this case, the geology is volcanic from source to sink. The geologic puzzle of Morella Crater and Ganges Cavus has important implications for the origins of other collapse structures on Mars and challenges the idea of pressurized groundwater release on Mars.
Risk factors for recurrence of radically resected mucinous colorectal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Huang Qing , Zou Min-hong , Wei Jian-chang , Jiang Ye , Chen Zhuan-peng , Wang Qiang , Li Wang-lin , Cao Jie
Published: February 2021

Background Local recurrence and distant metastasis are major challenges to overcome in order to improve the survival of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) after surgery. Mucinous adenocarcinoma (MA) is a subtype of CRC associated with a higher incidence of local extension and worse survival compared to non-mucinous adenocarcinoma, but few studies have investigated predictors for poor clinical outcome of MA. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate the predictors for local recurrence and remote metastasis of MA after surgery.Methods This study retrospectively analyzed 162 patients with mucinous colorectal adenocarcinoma (MAC) after radical resection. Analysis variables included demographics, clinical indicators, pathologic stage, surgical procedure, adjuvant therapy, and recurrence. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to investigate the risk factors for local and distant tumor relapse.Results A total of 162 patients (86 male) with a mean age of 58.26 years were included; 70.37% of patients had colonic tumors, and 29.63% had rectal tumors. The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates for these patients were as follows: 100% for TNM stage I, 71.2% for stage II, and 47.8% for stage III. Five-year DFS rates of MAC, colonic and rectal MA were 62.0%, 65.8%, and 51.7%, respectively. Local recurrence occurred in 38 patients (23.5%) and distant metastasis in 33 patients (20.4%). In univariate analysis, predictors for local recurrence of MAC were intra-operative blood loss (p=0.004, OR=1.005), intra-operative transfusion (p=0.002, OR=5.179), and N2 stage (p=0.000, OR=4.643), and predictors for distant metastasis were male sex (p=0.035, OR=2.410), CA199 (p=0.011, OR=1.004), CEA (p=0.020, OR=1.010), intra-operative blood loss (p=0.022, OR=1.003), T4 stage (p=0.007, OR=4.125), and N2 stage (p=0.018, OR=3.4). In multivariate analysis, predictors for local recurrence of colorectal MA were intra-operative transfusion (p=0.04, OR=4.175) and N2 stage (p=0.000, OR=5.291), and predictors for distant metastasis were male sex (p=0.049, OR=2.410), CA199 (p=0.02, OR=1.003), and T4 stage (p=0.007, OR=4.006).Conclusions Intra-operative transfusion and N2 stage were significant predictors for local recurrence. Male sex, CA199, and T4 stage were significant predictors for distant metastasis. Knowledge of the risk factors for postoperative recurrence provides a basis for logical approaches to treatment and follow-up of mucinous colorectal adenocarcinoma.
Investigation of Synovial Fluid Lubricants and Inflammatory Cytokines in the Horse: a Comparison of Recombinant Equine Interleukin 1β-induced Synovitis and Joint Lavage Models
Authors: Watkins Amanda , Fasanello Diana , Stefanovski Darko , Schurer Sydney , Caracappa Katherine , D’Agostino Albert , Costello Emily , Freer Heather , Rollins Alicia , Read Claire , Su Jin , Colville Marshall , Paszek Matthew , Wagner Bettina , Reesink Heidi
Published: February 2021

Background

Lameness is a debilitating condition in equine athletes that leads to more performance limitation and loss of use than any other medical condition. There are a limited number of non-terminal experimental models that can be used to study early inflammatory and synovial fluid biophysical changes that occur in the equine joint. Here, we compare the well-established carpal IL-1β-induced synovitis model to a tarsal intra-articular lavage model, focusing on serial changes in synovial fluid inflammatory cytokines/chemokines and the synovial fluid lubricating molecules lubricin/proteoglycan 4 and hyaluronic acid. The objectives of this study were to evaluate clinical signs; synovial membrane and synovial fluid inflammation; and synovial fluid lubricants and biophysical properties in response to carpal IL-1β synovitis and tarsal intra-articular lavage.
Results

Hyaluronic acid (HA) concentrations, especially high molecular weight HA, and synovial fluid viscosity decreased after both synovitis and lavage interventions. Synovial fluid lubricin concentrations increased 17-20-fold for both synovitis and lavage models, with similar changes in both affected and contralateral joints, suggesting that repeated arthrocentesis alone resulted in elevated synovial fluid lubricin concentrations. Synovitis resulted in a more severe inflammatory response based on clinical signs (temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, lameness and joint effusion) and clinicopathological and biochemical parameters (white blood cell count, total protein, prostaglandin E2, sulfated glycosaminoglycans, tumor necrosis factor-α and CC chemokine ligands − 2, -3, -5 and − 11) as compared to lavage.
Conclusions

Synovial fluid lubricin increased in response to IL-1β synovitis and joint lavage but also as a result of repeated arthrocentesis. Frequent repeated arthrocentesis is associated with inflammatory changes, including increased sulfated glycosaminoglycan concentrations and decreased hyaluronic acid concentrations. Synovitis results in more significant inflammatory changes than joint lavage. Our data suggests that synovial fluid lubricin, TNF-α, CCL2, CCL3, CCL5, CCL11 and sGAG may be useful biomarkers for synovitis and post-lavage joint inflammation. Caution should be exercised when performing repeated arthrocentesis clinically or in experimental studies due to the inflammatory response and loss of HA and synovial fluid viscosity.
Five-year Microevolution of a Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Strain within a Patient with Inadequate Compliance to Treatment.
Authors: Porto Dario Fernández Do , Monteserin Johana , Campos Josefina , Sosa Ezequiel J , Matteo Mario , Serral Federico , Yokobori Noemí , Benevento Andrés Fernández , Poklepovich Tomás , Pardo Agustín , Wainmayer Ingrid , Simboli Norberto , Florencia Castello , Paul Roxana , Martí Marcelo , López Beatriz , Turjanski Adrián , Ritacco Viviana
Published: February 2021

BackgroundWhole-genome sequencing has shown that the Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection process can be more heterogeneous than previously thought. Compartmentalized infections, exogenous reinfections, and microevolution are manifestations of this clonal complexity. The analysis of the mechanisms causing the microevolution —the genetic variability of M. tuberculosis at short time scales— of a parental strain into clonal variants with a patient is a relevant issue that has not been yet completely addressed. To our knowledge, a whole genome sequence microevolution analysis in a single patient with inadequate adherence to treatment has not been previously reported.Case Presentations In this work, we applied whole genome sequencing for a more in-depth analysis of the microevolution of a parental Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain into clonal variants within a patient with poor treatment compliance in Argentina. We analyzed the whole-genome sequence of 8 consecutive Mycobacterium. tuberculosis isolates obtained from a patient within 57-month of intermittent therapy. Nineteen mutations (9 short-term, 10 fixed variants) emerged, most of them associated with drug resistance. The first isolate was already resistant to isoniazid, rifampicin, and streptomycin, thereafter the strain developed resistance to fluoroquinolones and pyrazinamide. Surprisingly, isolates remained susceptible to the pro-drug ethionamide after acquiring a frameshift mutation in ethA, a gene required for its activation. We also found a novel variant, (T-54G), in the 5' untranslated region of whiB7 (T-54G), a region allegedly related to kanamycin resistance. Notably, discrepancies between canonical and phage-based susceptibility testing to kanamycin were previously found for the isolate harboring this mutation. In our patience, microevolution was mainly driven by drug selective pressure. Rare short-term mutations fixed together with resistance-conferring mutations during therapy.ConclusionsThis report highlights the relevance of whole-genome sequencing in the clinic for characterization of pre-XDR and MDR resistance profile, particularly in patients with incomplete and/or intermittent treatment.
Serological testing for antibodies against canine parvovirus in a population of adult dogs in eastern Poland
Authors: WÓJCIK ALICJA , ZIĘTEK JERZY , STANIEC MARTA , JANECKI RADOSŁAW , ADASZEK ŁUKASZ , WINIARCZYK STANISŁAW
Published: February 2021

The aim of the study was to determine the titre of antibodies against canine parvovirus in groups of adult dogs from eastern Poland with a varied history of vaccination against parvovirus. 200 dogs divided into three groups were included in the study. The first group (n = 59) consisted of subjects regularly vaccinated against the disease according to WSAVA guidelines. The second group (n = 77) consisted of animals that completed the full course of CPV immunisation as puppies but had not received a booster dose in the past three years. The third group (n = 64) consisted of animals that had not received even a single vaccination against parvovirus. Blood was collected from all dogs to determine the titres of antibodies against canine parvovirus using a Bionote V200 analyser (VetExpert). In group I, antibody titres equal to or higher than HI = 80, thought of as ensuring resistance to infection were observed in 86% of dogs, while 14% of the tested animals had HI <80. In groups II and III, high anti-CPV antibody titres of HI > 80 were found in 73% and 72% dogs, respectively. The large number of positive seroreactants with high titres of antibodies indicates the high immunogenicity of vaccine and field strains of canine parvovirus and common occurrence of canine parvovirus in the environment.
Update on Senecavirus A research: Epidemiology of infection, evolution of the virus and its oncolytic activity
Authors: NIEDBALSKI WIESŁAW
Published: February 2021

Senecavirus A (SVA), formerly known as Seneca valley virus (SVV) (20), is a critical pathogen causing vesicular lesions in pigs and acute death of newborn piglets, resulting in very large economic losses in the pig industry. The aim of this paper was to present the current knowledge about the epidemiology and evolution of Senecavirus A, as well as the role of the virus in oncolytic therapy. From 1988 to 2005, a number of virus isolates were sporadically recovered from pigs in various regions of the United States, but without a detailed description of the clinical signs. After 2014, a sudden increase in SVA outbreaks appeared outside the United States and Canada, and SVA infection was reported in more regions of the United States, in Brazil, China, Colombia, Thailand and Vietnam with extensive distribution. After the expansion of the SVA area, complete and partial SVA genomic sequences were determined from SVA strains in most of these regions. Therefore, advances were also possible in the molecular epidemiology of the virus. A certain genetic distance has been determined between SVA strains isolated in various countries and at different times, suggesting a constant and rapid evolvement of SVA. It was shown that a combination of evolutionary processes, such as multiple mutations at variable sites and purifying selection, drove the genetic diversity and evolution of SVA. Evolutionary changes that accumulated in the SVA genome over the years may have contributed to the increased incidence of the disease. SVA is the first oncolytic picornavirus to be tested in humans and to penetrate solid tumours through the vascular system, unlike many other oncolytic viruses. SVA has a potential cytolytic activity and high selectivity for tumour cell lines with neuroendocrine properties versus adult normal cells
Association of Opioid Use Disorder With 2016 Presidential Voting Patterns: Cross-sectional Study in New York State at Census Tract Level
Authors: Xiang Anthony , Hou Wei , Rashidian Sina , Rosenthal Richard N , Abell-Hart Kayley , Zhao Xia , Wang Fusheng
Published: February 2021

Background

Opioid overdose-related deaths have increased dramatically in recent years. Combating the opioid epidemic requires better understanding of the epidemiology of opioid poisoning (OP) and opioid use disorder (OUD).

Objective

We aimed to discover geospatial patterns in nonmedical opioid use and its correlations with demographic features related to despair and economic hardship, most notably the US presidential voting patterns in 2016 at census tract level in New York State.

Methods

This cross-sectional analysis used data from New York Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System claims data and the presidential voting results of 2016 in New York State from the Harvard Election Data Archive. We included 63,958 patients who had at least one OUD diagnosis between 2010 and 2016 and 36,004 patients with at least one OP diagnosis between 2012 and 2016. Geospatial mappings were created to compare areas of New York in OUD rates and presidential voting patterns. A multiple regression model examines the extent that certain factors explain OUD rate variation.

Results

Several areas shared similar patterns of OUD rates and Republican vote: census tracts in western New York, central New York, and Suffolk County. The correlation between OUD rates and the Republican vote was .38 (P<.001). The regression model with census tract level of demographic and socioeconomic factors explains 30% of the variance in OUD rates, with disability and Republican vote as the most significant predictors.

Conclusions

At the census tract level, OUD rates were positively correlated with Republican support in the 2016 presidential election, disability, unemployment, and unmarried status. Socioeconomic and demographic despair-related features explain a large portion of the association between the Republican vote and OUD. Together, these findings underscore the importance of socioeconomic interventions in combating the opioid epidemic.
Pesticide Exposure of Residents Living Close to Agricultural Fields in the Netherlands: Protocol for an Observational Study
Authors: Figueiredo Daniel M , Krop Esmeralda J M , Duyzer Jan , Gerritsen-Ebben Rianda M , Gooijer Yvonne M , Holterman Henk J , Huss Anke , Jacobs Cor M J , Kivits Carla M , Kruijne Roel , Mol Hans J G J , Oerlemans Arné , Sauer Pieter J J , Scheepers Paul T J , van de Zande Jan C , van den Berg Erik , Wenneker Marcel , Vermeulen Roel C H
Published: February 2021

Background

Application of pesticides in the vicinity of homes has caused concern regarding possible health effects in residents living nearby. However, the high spatiotemporal variation of pesticide levels and lack of knowledge regarding the contribution of exposure routes greatly complicates exposure assessment approaches.

Objective

The objective of this paper was to describe the study protocol of a large exposure survey in the Netherlands assessing pesticide exposure of residents living close (<250 m) to agricultural fields; to better understand possible routes of exposure; to develop an integrative exposure model for residential exposure; and to describe lessons learned.

Methods

We performed an observational study involving residents living in the vicinity of agricultural fields and residents living more than 500 m away from any agricultural fields (control subjects). Residential exposures were measured both during a pesticide use period after a specific application and during the nonuse period for 7 and 2 days, respectively. We collected environmental samples (outdoor and indoor air, dust, and garden and field soils) and personal samples (urine and hand wipes). We also collected data on spraying applications as well as on home characteristics, participants' demographics, and food habits via questionnaires and diaries. Environmental samples were analyzed for 46 prioritized pesticides. Urine samples were analyzed for biomarkers of a subset of 5 pesticides. Alongside the field study, and by taking spray events and environmental data into account, we developed a modeling framework to estimate environmental exposure of residents to pesticides.

Results

Our study was conducted between 2016 and 2019. We assessed 96 homes and 192 participants, including 7 growers and 28 control subjects. We followed 14 pesticide applications, applying 20 active ingredients. We collected 4416 samples: 1018 air, 445 dust (224 vacuumed floor, 221 doormat), 265 soil (238 garden, 27 fields), 2485 urine, 112 hand wipes, and 91 tank mixtures.

Conclusions

To our knowledge, this is the first study on residents’ exposure to pesticides addressing all major nondietary exposure sources and routes (air, soil, dust). Our protocol provides insights on used sampling techniques, the wealth of data collected, developed methods, modeling framework, and lessons learned. Resources and data are open for future collaborations on this important topic.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR1-10.2196/27883
Efficiency of Selected Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from some Dairy Products on Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A
Authors: Fouad Mohamed T. , El-Shenawy Moustafa , El-Desouky Tarek A.
Published: February 2021

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA) are two of the most important of mycotoxins associated with tropical and subtropical climate as in Egypt. Therefore, this study aimed to isolated lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and Bifidobacteria from some local dairy products from Egypt and using some strains to reduce/or remove AFB1 and OTA toxins. Fifty samples, of milk and dairy products, including ten samples each, of Kareish, Damietta cheese (soft type), buffalo’s milk, yoghurt (zabady), and naturally acidified milk (Rayeb)were screened for their load of Lactobacilli, Lactococci and Bifidobacteria, using MRS agar, M17 agar and (MRS-Cys) agar, respectively. The obtained data indicated that 38, 31 and 22 isolates belonged to Lactobacillus, Lactococcus and genus Bifidobacterium, respectively. Fourteen strains isolated from LAB and Bifidobacterium were tested on AFB1 and OTA in PBs contaminated by10 ppb with three times incubation periods (6, 12 and 36 hours) at 37°C. The results indicated that all tested strains were able to reduce AFB1 at different rates ranging between 12.1 to 65.4% after incubation for 6 h. These rates increased to 78.8% and 89.9% after incubation at 37°C for 12 and 36h, respectively. The same results were with OTA, where percentages of reduction ranging from 81.4 to 80.4% were obtained when incubation with LAB cells was done at 37°C and prolonged to 36 h. According to the results, the percentage of reduction increased with the increasing time for each strain.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Prevention of Catheter-associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI) among Health Care Professionals Working in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Balu Pandian , Ravikumar Divya , Somasunder Virudhunagar Muthuprakash , Suga Sumetha Suga Deiva , Sivagananam Poonguzhali , Jeyasheelan Vasantha Priya , Sreekandan Radhika Nalinakumari , James Kavin Mozhi , Bopaiah Savithri Kanganda , Chelladurai Udayakumari Meesala , Kumar Manuel Raj , Chellapandian Poongodi , Sundharesan Narmatha , Krishnan Mythili , Kunasekaran Vahithamala , Kumaravel Kayalvizhi , Manickaraj Rejili Grace Joy , Veeraraghvan Vishnu Priya , Mohan Surapaneni Krishna
Published: February 2021

Catheter-associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI) is a common healthcare-related infection occurring in patients admitted for various ailments. Approximately 80% of hospital acquired Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are catheter associated. The purpose of the current research was to find out the level of knowledge, attitude and practice on prevention of CAUTI among healthcare professionals working in tertiary care hospital. A descriptive study was done among 95 health care working in tertiary care hospital in Chennai. The researchers administered standard questionnaire and statistically explored the knowledge, attitude, and practice levels about prevention of CAUTI among the participants. Among 95 participants, 28.4% and 71.6% of the individuals had moderately adequate knowledge and adequate knowledge about CAUTI. About 4.2% of the participants had unfavourable, 88.4% had moderately favourable and 7.4% had favourable attitude towards prevention of CAUTI. About 4.2% of the individuals had moderately adequate and 95.8% had adequate practice towards the prevention of CAUTI. There was significant correlation between attitude and practice. The professional experience of the participants showed statistically significant association with the level of practice among the demographic variables. In our present study, we found out that health care professionals had adequate knowledge, attitude, and practice on prevention of CAUTI. Medical education programs, frequent auditing with a checklist about catheter care must be conducted to maintain the achieved knowledge and practice levels.
AMPLIANDO A SALA DE AULA: O USO DE METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS NA MONITORIA ACADÊMICA
Authors: Melo de Sousa Francisco Willian , Caetano Lopes Jessica Ketleen , Damasceno Silva Maria Luisa , Melo Carneiro Maria do Socorro , Da Silva Oliveira Lycélia
Published: February 2021

Relatar as atividades desenvolvidas por meio de metodologias ativas na monitoria acadêmica do curso de graduação em enfermagem. Estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, de abordagem qualitativa, elaborado a partir de vivências na monitoria acadêmica do módulo Atenção Primária à Saúde II, componente da grade curricular do curso de graduação em enfermagem bacharelado, da Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú, no período de abril a agosto de 2019. A abordagem das temáticas Sistema Único de Saúde, Estratégia Saúde da Família, participação social, ferramentas de avaliação familiar e o uso de metodologias ativas nos encontros de monitoria oportunizaram a construção efetiva do aprendizado coletivo, possibilitaram a troca de conhecimentos, de experiências e saberes que enriqueceram a formação acadêmica e profissional. A monitoria enquanto programa de iniciação à docência proporciona o aprimoramento acadêmico no ambiente universitário, permitindo ao estudante aproximação do ofício de ser professor, sobretudo, oportuniza o desenvolvimento de competências e habilidades comunicacionais e sociais.
AVALIAÇÃO DA EFICÁCIA DE RADIOFREQUÊNCIA, PEELING QUÍMICO E MASSOTERAPIA EM ALTERAÇÕES CICATRICIAIS DE PORTADOR DE TROMBOSE VENOSA PROFUNDA
Authors: Bianchetti Paula , Dullius Júlia Eduarda , Dos Santos Rita de Cássia , Bauer Tatiele Jantsch , Sinigaglia Giovana
Published: February 2021

A Trombose Venosa Profunda (TVP) é uma alteração do fluxo sanguíneo caracterizada pela formação de coágulos nas veias que dificultam e/ou bloqueiam a passagem do sangue. Devido esta alteração, muito recursos de eletroterapia, por promoverem algum tipo de alteração periférica, são contraindicados. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia de recursos eletroterápicos quando associados à peelings químicos e massoterapia, em indivíduo portador de TVP no tratamento de alterações cicatriciais pós operatórias, com a finalidade de minimizar o aspecto visível das cicatrizes e melhorar a sensibilidade e maleabilidade local. Para tanto, foram realizadas nove sessões com o uso de radiofrequência, Light Emitting Diode (LED) 660nm, peeling químico, além das manobras de liberação tecidual de massoterapia, sendo a avaliação completa realizada no início e no fim do tratamento, no período de agosto a novembro de 2018. Após nove sessões, os resultados deste estudo mostraram-se satisfatórios, com melhora na hiperpigmentação das cicatrizes, diminuição do aspecto fibrótico e melhora do aspecto da cicatriz. Observou-se que os recursos utilizados são eficazes e não causam riscos evidentes no caso do indivíduo portador de TVP.
SEXO SEM PRESERVATIVO SOB A ÓTICA DAS REPRESENTAÇÕES SOCIAIS DE ACADÊMICOS DE UMA UNIVERSIDADE PÚBLICA
Authors: Almeida Júnior José Andrade , De Oliveira Diego Gabriel Santos , Suto Cleuma Sueli Santos , Porcino Carle , Costa Laura Emmanuela Lima
Published: February 2021

Apreender as representações sociais de acadêmicos de uma universidade pública sobre o não uso do preservativo nas relações sexuais. Estudo descritivo e qualitativo. Realizado com participação de 215 estudantes de uma universidade pública, no período de Março a Dezembro de 2017, para coleta de dados.  Participantes em sua maioria mulheres, cristãs, heterossexuais com vida sexual ativa. Chamando atenção que parcela considerável afirmou não gostar de usar o preservativo e/ou não possuir acesso direto. Das evocações, um quadro de quatro casas, trazendo um núcleo central com os termos “Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis, Gravidez, Gravidez indesejada e Risco”, duas periferias próximas e uma periferia distante. No núcleo central, os participantes evidenciam os aspectos negativos do sexo sem proteção, apontando o medo de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis e uma gravidez indesejada, no entanto contrapõe essa perspectiva ao assumirem uma postura sexual vista como arriscada.
A DOR CRÔNICA NO PACIENTE EM CUIDADOS PALIATIVOS: O OLHAR DO FAMILIAR CUIDADOR
Authors: Silva Rudval Souza da , Silva Marília Gabriela , Santos Kellen Karoline Alemida dos , Mestre Gabriela de Almeida , Souza Noemy dos Reis , Oliveira Eliã da Silva Araújo
Published: February 2021

Trata-se de pesquisa exploratória e descritiva de abordagem qualitativa, a qual teve como objetivo conhecer como o familiar lida com a dor crônica e quais as medidas farmacológicas e não farmacológicas utilizadas nos pacientes em cuidados paliativos com diagnóstico oncológico ou não oncológico. A investigação foi realizada entre os meses de janeiro e junho de 2019, com treze familiares cuidadores de pacientes em cuidados paliativos residente numa cidade do Território Piemonte Norte do Itapicuru, Bahia, a partir da técnica de entrevista e analisadas com base na Técnica de Análise de Conteúdo Temática, de modo que emergiram três categorias temáticas: Conviver com a desinformação; Uso inadequado de analgésicos no controle das crises álgicas: uso limitado da morfina e Uso de fitoterápicos como adjuvante no controle álgico. Foi observado um perfil de familiares que lidam com uma dor emocional diante do subtratamento da dor física do seu ente querido em cuidados paliativos, marcado pelo uso limitado da morfina e restrito ao uso de opiáceos de ação fraca.
Dynamic thiol-disulphide homeostasis in the etiopathogenesis of obstructive jaundice
Authors: Haydar Fadime Gullu , Otal Yavuz , AVCIOĞLU GAMZE , Şener Alp , Ozkaya Selda Kidak , Polat Yunus halil , Gökhan Şervan , Erel Özcan
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT Background:Metabolic changes seen after obstructive jaundice
increase the load of oxidative stress.The thiol-disulphide homeostasis
(TDB) has a vital importance as oxidatice stress biomarker. Aim: The aim
of present study is to investigate the dynamic thiol-disulphide
homeostasis in patients diagnosed with obstructive jaundice and to
compare the dynamic thiol-disulphide homeostasis with ischemia modified
albumin. Study design: A total of 146 participants who were admitted to
emergency department and who consisted of 69 patients and 77 healthy
volunteers, were included in the study. Detailed blood samples were
obtained from the patients at the time of admission. Methods: Thiol /
disulphide levels were examined using a novel method developed by Erel
and Neselioglu on the patients diagnosed with obstructive jaundice
during the admission. Data were evaluated in computer system. Results:
The levels of total thiol (p =0.025) and native thiol (p =0.023) were
statistically significantly lower in the patient with obstructive
jaundice than in the control group. It was observed that there was a
significant negative correlation between the native thiol levels and the
ALP (r =-0.262, p<0.01), urea (r =-0.313, p<0.01),
total bilirubin (r =-0.388, p<0.01), direct bilirubin (r
=-0.351, p<0.01) levels. At the same time, the level of
disulphide (p = 0.235) was lower in the patient group than in the
control group but not statistically significant. It was found that the
ischemia modified albumin (IMA) values were lower in the control group
than the obstructive jaundice group (p = 0.03). Conclusion: Total thiol,
native thiol and IMA levels decrease in obstructive jaundice
pathogenesis.
Urinary Microbiota; Which Non-invasive Urine Collection Method Should We Use?
Authors: Ozer Muhammed Selcuk , Yıldız Hüseyin Alperen , Incir Canet , Deger Dogan , Bozkurt Ozan , Ergör Gül , Tuncok Yesim , Esen Nuran , Esen Ahmet Adil
Published: February 2021

Objective: The aim of this study is establish the optimal non- invaszive
urine sample collection method for the microbiota studies. Methodology:
12 men with bladder carcinoma underwent first voided and midstream urine
collection. Urine samples were analyzed by using V3-V4 regions of
bacterial 16s ribosomal RNAs. Bacterial groups with relative abundance
above 1% were analyzed in first voided urine and midstream urine
samples at phylum, class, order, and family level. At the genus level,
all of the identified bacterial groups’ relative abundances were
analyzed. The statistical significance (p<0.05) of differences
between first voided and midstream urine sample microbiota were
evaluated using the Wilcoxon test. Results: According to analysis, 8
phyla, 14 class, 23 orders, 39 families, and 29 different genera were
identified in the first voided and the midstream urine samples.
Statistical differences were not identified between first voided and
mid-stream urine samples of all bacteria groups except the Clostridiales
at order level (p:0.04) and Clostridia at class level (p:0.04).
Conclusions: Either first voided or midstream urine samples can be used
in urinary microbiota studies as we determined that there is no
statistically significant difference between them regarding the results
of 16s ribosomal RNA analysis. What’s known? According to widespread
acceptance, first voided urine and midstream urine should be collected
separately for standard microbiologic evaluation. What’s new? We found
that there is no exact statistically significant difference between two
collection methods even on microbiota analysis. We believe that either
first voided or midstream uyrine samples can be used in urinary
microbiota studies.
Tension Pneumothorax complicating COVID19 Pneumonia
Authors: Mohamed Amr
Published: February 2021

Acute decompensation in patient with COVID19 is usually a consequence of
worsening ARDS , however acute pulmonary embolism and acute pneumothorax
are frequently recognized causes of acute decompensation , the later
causes are treatable and having high index of suspicion is very
important in order not to miss them.
Compliance of fire safety measures for accommodation of people in Riga schools
Authors:   Riga Technical University, Urbans Mihails , Malahova Jelena ,   Riga Technical University, Jemeļjanovs Vladimirs ,   Riga Technical University
Published: February 2021

This article describes the situation with fire safety at Riga schools regarding their compliance with the fire safety requirements set in Latvia for accommodation of people in schools. The objective of the current paper was to research and evaluate the compliance with the requirements of regulatory enactments regarding the accommodation in Riga schools and analyse the actual fire safety situation during accommodation of participants of the Dance and Song Festivals in Riga schools. The research was conducted in spring of 2018, prior to the Dance and Song Festival, assessing the compliance of 60 accommodation sites with the Latvian regulatory enactments on fire safety. During the Dance and Song Festival, it was planned to organise accommodation places in schools for 24 000 persons – participants of the festival events in the city of Riga. Ensuring fire safety at public facilities is a topical issue for any country, since the fulfilment of fire safety requirements is important not only in cases, when school premises are intended to be used for temporary accommodation of participants of the Dance and Song Festivals for a period not exceeding a week, but also in cases when children have to stay in school premises every day to receive the knowledge they will need in their future lives and the fulfilment of fire safety regulations is an important condition for providing the overall safety.
Financial viability of circular business models in tyre recycling industry in Latvia
Authors:   BA School of Business and Finance, Uvarova Inga , Atstaja Dzintra ,   BA School of Business and Finance, Korpa Viola ,   Riga Stradins University, Erdmanis Miks ,   BA School of Business and Finance
Published: February 2021

The end-of-life (EOL) tyre recycling industry in Latvia is encountering economic and sustainability challenges, which require solutions by various stakeholders. Improvement of tyre waste management and recycling is important within the context of sustainability and the new streamlining of circular business models. Its importance is also recognized at the European Union level in relation to the further strategic goals and the European Green Deal. In addition, the tyre recycling industry in Latvia demonstrates a relatively unfavorable financial situation, which is one of the most significant factors hindering the introduction of new circular business models. The aim of this research is to clarify the challenges related to the financial viability of tyre recycling companies adopting the new circular business models. The main research methods are literature review, semistructured in-depth interviews, case studies and financial analyses. There are large stocks of EOL tyres and on average just 50 % of them are recycled. The tyre waste management companies are not motivated to supply EOL tyres to recycling companies. On the other hand, due to various reasons, most of the tyre recycling companies are not working with their maximum production capacity. The research results reveal that the tyre recycling companies mostly run traditional and inefficient business models that require large operating costs and ensure comparatively low profitability. In order to enable more efficient and environmentally friendly type recycling process, the companies should implement new, investment intensive technologies. Yet, they face critical issues of liquidity and financial returns. Major conclusions are related to the necessity to develop several business models interlinked within one portfolio thus ensuring the manufacturing of various products with higher added value and quality. This may maximise the profits and improve the financial viability of tyre recycling business models.
REINTEGRATION OF RELIGIOUS KNOWLEDGE AND GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (CRITICISM OF THE DISCOURSE OF SCIENCE DICHOTOMY)
Authors: Syarif Fajar
Published: February 2021

This article aims to determine the implications that can arise from the dichotomy of science. Namely the emergence of a gap between the source of knowledge in the form of religious knowledge and general knowledge. Proponents of the religious knowledge only consider the divine source valid in the form of scriptures and prophetic traditions and reject non-scriptural sources as an authoritative source to explain true truth. On the other hand, secular scientists only consider valid information obtained through sensory observation. The method used in this study is qualitative with a phenomenological approach. Data collection was conducted through observation, in-depth interviews, documentation analysis and focused group discussion. This research shows that there is really no sorting of science and religion. The research findings provide an overview of science and the knowledge of religion is integral. If science is addressed with a dichotomy, it will certainly give birth to different thoughts in building world civilization.
Critic on Auguste Comte’s Positivism in Sociology (An Islamic Sociology Perspective)
Authors: Sari Novita , Arroisi Jarman
Published: February 2021

The rapid science in the modern era, provides significant changes for humans, both in the fields of economics, politics, culture, environment, society, education, and even religion. The 19th century is a century of science that is growing rapidly, this can be seen from the emergence of various scientists who provide concepts, theories based on philosophy with basic ontology, epistemology, and axiology as a contribution to the development of science. One of them, the scientist known as the father of sociology, was Auguste Comte a scientist from France. Comte is famous for its philosophy of postivism because of the many references by scientists in the contemporary era. This is based on the calculation of the success of designing the social structure of modern humans with three stages of law, but one side of the theory he produced has eliminated the fundamental value in humans, namely eliminating the metaphysical basis. In a three-stage law, more concerned with physical values than metaphysical values, this will result in a society that abandons religion and even eliminates the existence of God. The thoughts produced by Comte are thoughts originating from the west, where the basic West is relativism so if viewed from an Islamic point of view this theory will produce atheists and eliminate the sanctity of religion. In Islam religion and society are inseparable because religion is a guideline that is used as a basis in people's lives based on the values of the Qur'an and Sunnah. Therefore in this paper we will study more deeply the criticisms of Aguste Comte's thinking, using qualitative research types, with descriptive analysis methods and theological philosophical approaches.
CONTRIBUTIONS OF AMERICAN DESCRIPTIVE LINGUISTIC SCHOOL TO THE STUDY OF VIETNAMESE: A CONTEMPORARY LOOK
Authors: Van Hoang Van
Published: February 2021

This article examines the contributions of the American descriptive linguistic school in the mid-20th century to the study of Vietnamese. Two most important monographs on Vietnamese grammar by two foremost American descriptivist/structuralist grammarians were taken for examination: Studies in Vietnamese (Annamese) Grammar by Murray B. Emeneau and A Vietnamese Reference Grammar by Laurence C. Thompson. It is clear that among the foreign scholars who have studied Vietnamese, Emeneau and Thompson have made the most substantial contributions to the study of Vietnamese grammar. They both have made a major point in seeking to analyse Vietnamese on the basis of Vietnamese alone, trying to avoid as much as possible any distortion from Indo-European grammatical concepts; and thus have produced good and reliable results. Their descriptive works on Vietnamese are detailed and systematic, meeting most of the criteria of a standard grammar: meticulousness, comprehensiveness, lucidity, rigor, and elegance. Together with the studies of Vietnamese grammar by grammarians of other linguistic traditions, either indigenous or foreign, their works have enriched our ways of looking at language, broadening our understanding of one of the most fruitful approaches to the study of Vietnamese grammar.
THE REALIZATION OF THEMATIC PROGRESSION IN ONLINE IELTS WRITING TASK 2 SAMPLES IN AN ENGLISH-LEARNING WEBSITE: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Thang Nguyen Van , Tam Nguyen Thi Minh
Published: February 2021

This research aims at investigating the realization of thematic progression (TP) patterns, which is defined as “the way in which the theme of a clause may pick up, or repeat a meaning from a preceding theme or rheme” (Paltrigde, 2006, p. 148), and their effects on text quality of online IELTS Writing Task 2 samples. Investigated in the light of systemic functional approach, TP is classified into five patterns, namely Simple Linear Progression (SLP), Constant Progression (CP), Split Rheme Progression (SRP), Split Theme Progression (STP) and Derived Hypertheme Progression (DHP) (McCabe, 1999). In this study, the corpus consisting of 24 sample essays derived from an English-learning website was analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative methods. The results of this study highlight that SLP is the most frequently employed pattern in the corpus, followed by CP, SRP, STP and DHP patterns respectively. The analysis also shows that proper employment of TP overall is a contributing factor to the coherence and cohesion of the text, with each pattern exerting different effects. SLP, with its cross-referential links, yields a constantly developing and cohesive text whilst CP keeps a strong thematic focus. Meanwhile, SRP and STP patterns are both found to offer a planned text development and DHP creates cohesion with hypernym-hyponym relation. Problems related to the lack of TP, inappropriate theme positioning and the overuse of the theme “It” and “There” are also reported in the corpus.
Komunikasi Suportif Orang Tua: Konsep, Pengembangan, dan Validasi
Authors: Shanti Theresia Indira , Suryani Angela Oktavia , Ajisuksmo Clara R.P.
Published: February 2021

Perceived supportive communication by adolescence and emerging adulthood influence how they develop their autonomy and independency and in the same time still have opportunity to gain support from their parents when they need it. The aim of this study is to develop instrument that measure perceived parents’ supportive communication by adolescence and emerging adulthood. The instrument development consists of three stages: 1) Focus group discussion (FGD) to find out the description of perceived parents’ supportive communication (35 respondents from three universities). The result of this stage is the items of the instrument; 2) Validity and Reliability testing (326 respondents of high school and university students). The result of this stage is the valid and reliable instrument; 3) Factor Analysis from 600 respondents. The result of this stage is the dimentions of the instrument; dan 4) Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) from 1065 respondents. The result of this stage is the same as final result of the whole study, that is perceived parents’ supportive communication instrument, which consists of two dimentions (empathy and confidentiality).