bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Methylation-Directed, Synthetic Pap Switch Based on Self-Complementary Regulatory DNA in an All-E. Coli Cell-Free Expression System
Authors: Worst Emanuel , Kurt oemer , Finkler Marc , Schenkelberger Marc , Noireaux Vincent , Helms Volkhard , Ott Albrecht
Published: December 2020

Pyelonephritis-associated pili (pap) enable migration of the uropathogenic Escherichia coli strain (UPEC) through the urinary tract. UPEC can switch between a stable 'ON phase' where the corresponding pap genes are expressed and a stable 'OFF phase' where their transcription is repressed. Hereditary, alternate DNA methylation of only two GATC motives within the regulatory region stabilizes the respective phase over many generations. The underlying molecular mechanism is only partly understood. Previous investigations suggest that in vivo phase-variation stability results from cooperative action of the transcriptional regulators Lrp and PapI. Here, we use an E. coli cell-free expression system to study the function of pap regulatory region based on a specially designed, synthetic construct flanked by two reporter genes encoding fluorescent proteins for simple readout. Based on our observations we suggest that Lrp and the conformation of the self-complementary regulatory DNA play a strong role in the regulation of phase-variation. Our work not only contributes to better understand the phase variation mechanism, but it represents a successful start for engineering stable, hereditary and strong expression control based on methylation.
Lipophilicity and Click Reactivity Determine the Performance of Bioorthogonal Tetrazine Tools in Pretargeted in Vivo Chemistry
Authors: Stéen Johanna , Jørgensen Jesper Tranekjær , Christoph Denk , Battisti Umberto Maria , Nørregaard Kamilla , Edem Patricia , Bratteby Klas , Shalgunov Vladimir , Martin Wilkovitsch , Svatunek Dennis , Poulie Christian Bernard Matthijs , Hvass Lars , Simon Marina , Thomas Wanek , Rossin Raffaella , Robillard Marc , Kristensen Jesper Langgaard , Mikula Hannes , Kjaer Andreas , Herth Matthias
Published: December 2020

The development of highly selective and fast biocompatible reactions for ligation and cleavage has paved the way for new diagnostic and therapeutic applications of in vivo chemistry. The concept of bioorthogonal pretargeting has attracted considerable interest, in particular for the targeted delivery of radionuclides and drugs. In nuclear medicine, pretargeting can provide increased target-to-background ratios at early time-points compared to traditional approaches. This reduces the radiation burden to healthy tissue and, depending on the selected radionuclide, enables better imaging contrast or higher therapeutic efficiency. Moreover, bioorthogonally triggered cleavage of pretargeted antibody-drug conjugates represents an emerging strategy to achieve controlled release and locally increased drug concentrations. The toolbox of bioorthogonal reactions has significantly expanded in the past decade, with the tetrazine ligation being the fastest and one of the most versatile in vivo chemistries. Progress in the field, however, relies heavily on the development and evaluation of (radio)labeled compounds, preventing the use of compound libraries for systematic studies. The rational design of tetrazine probes and triggers has thus been impeded by the limited understanding of the impact of structural parameters on the in vivo ligation performance. In this work, we describe the development of a pretargeted blocking assay that allows for the investigation of the in vivo fate of a structurally diverse library of 45 unlabeled tetrazines and their capability to reach and react with pretargeted trans-cyclooctene (TCO)-tagged antibodies in tumor-bearing mice. This study enabled us to assess the correlation of click reactivity and lipophilicity of tetrazines with their in vivo performance. In particular, high rate constants (>50,000 M-1s-1) for the reaction with TCO and low calculated logD7.4 values (below -3) of the tetrazine were identified as strong indicators for successful pretargeted in vivo click chemistry. Click-radiolabeling gave access to a set of selected 18F-labeled tetrazines, including highly reactive scaffolds, which were used in pretargeted PET imaging studies to confirm the results from the blocking study. These insights thus enable the rational design of tetrazine probes for in vivo application and will thereby assist the clinical translation of bioorthogonal pretargeting.
Cyclic 5-Membered Disulfides Are Not Selective Substrates of Thioredoxin Reductase, but Are Opened Nonspecifically by Thiols
Authors: Felber Jan , Poczka Lena , Busker Sander , Theisen Ulrike , Zeisel Lukas , Maier Martin S. , Loy Kristina , Brandstädter Christina , Scholzen Karoline , Becker Katja , Arnér Elias , Ahlfeld Julia , Thorn-Seshold Oliver
Published: December 2020

The cyclic five-membered disulfide 1,2-dithiolane has been used as the key element in numerous chemical biology probes. Contradictory views of this disulfide motif populate the literature: some reports describe it as being nonspecifically reduced, others as a highly specific substrate for thioredoxin reductase (TrxR). We show that 1,2-dithiolanes are nonspecifically reduced by a broad range of thiol reductants and redox-active proteins, and that their cellular performance is barely affected by TrxR inhibition or knockout. We conclude that inhibitor screenings and probe designs treating 1,2-dithiolanes as TrxR-selective substrates should be treated with caution and previous interpretations may need careful re-evaluation. Considering ring-opening polymerisation, and stringently interpreting assays involving the thiophilic gold-based inhibitor auranofin, are critical to assess 1,2-dithiolane’s true behaviour. We present an approach to control against assay misinterpretation with reducible probes, to ensure that future TrxR-targeted designs are robustly evaluated for selectivity, and to better orient redox probe research in the future.
Implementación del “Kaizen-Innovación de Procesos-Jidoka” para hacer frente al COVID-19: un caso de estudio en un hospital público
Authors: Suárez-Barraza Manuel F.
Published: December 2020

Los hospitales públicos de México están viviendo grandes problemas operativos, tales como fallos en los procesos y servicios, además de errores en la falta de insumos y equipo médico. Algunos hospitales han iniciado esfuerzos basados en la filosofía kaizen para mejorar esta situación. El objetivo principal de la investigación es explorar la implementación de la filosofía kaizen en hospitales públicos mexicanos. La metodología utilizada en esta investigación fue cualitativa, con la estrategia del caso de estudio. Los resultados encontrados en esta investigación son que es factible optimizar el proceso de urgencias y el de atención a la Covid-19 aplicando técnicas de la filosofía kaizen, innovación de procesos y jidoka.
Evaluation of the trophic status of Sillago sihama and Sillago arabica at the south of Shatt Al-Arab River, Iraq
Authors: Mohamed Abdul-Razak M. , Abood Abdullah N.
Published: December 2020

The present study is investigated the diet composition, feeding activity and intensity, and trophic niche breadth of two Sillaginid fish, Sillago sihama and Sillago arabica at the south of the Shatt Al-Arab River, Iraq from May 2019 to April 2020. A total of 511 specimens of fish comprised of 239 S. sihama and 272 S. arabica were used for the study. Fish length ranged from 11.7-23.7 and 13.0- 31.2 cm of the previous species, respectively. The results showed that the feeding activity and intensity influenced by months since the lowest stomach fullness occurred during the winter months. The analysis of diet for both species using the index of relative importance (IRI %) of prey items showed that the species were carnivores. The prey items of S. sihama were crabs (80.8%), shrimp (14.6%) and fish (4.6%), while the diet of S. arabica composed mainly on crabs (54.3%), shrimp (32.7%) and fish (13.0%). The overall values of feeding and vacuity indices were 40.4% and 9.5%, respectively for S. sihama, whereas 52.0% and 18.2%, respectively for S. arabica. Based on the results of trophic niche breadth indicate that S. schema is a high specialist feeder (Bi= 0.23), while S. arabica was considered a non-specialized feeder (Bi= 0.71). The study concludes that both species were carnivorous feeders, feeding mainly on crabs, shrimp and fish. S. sihama was a low specialized feeder, while S. arabica was not specialized.
DATABASE SECURITY AND STUDY OF DATA ENCRYPTION METHODS IN CLOUD STORAGE
Authors: Shcherbinina Ye. , Martseniuk B. , Filonenko A.
Published: December 2020

Purpose of the article is discusses the importance of database encryption and makes an in depth review of various encryption techniques. Security of Data is the most important task in today’s world. Governments, companies and other organizations have lost a lot of money and many others have closed down due to the activities of dubious hackers and attackers. Over the years various encryption schemes have been developed in order to protect the database from various attacks by the intruders. As data is the life wire of every organization, there is the need to remotely and securely store the data generated daily by these organizations in order to enable them recover quickly in the event of attach and hack. Cloud storage is needed here for the remote data storage. For many establishments, data security is one of their major concern when sending their files into the cloud. They worry about their files being seen or even compromised by malicious and dubious people because that’s what happened in the past. Data encryption techniques are required to protect the integrity of the stored data. In the past, many businesses felt comfortable allowing the cloud providers to manage all their data, believing that security risks could be managed through contracts, controls and audits. Over time it has become apparent, however, that cloud providers cannot honor such commitments when responding to government requests for information. This paper discuses, the importance of database encryption and makes an in depth review of various encryption techniques
Seed productivity of alfalfa varieties and its components
Authors: Popova Tatyana Nikolaevna
Published: December 2020

Alfalfa blue is a perennial, multi-cut herbaceous plant. The expansion of the lucerne sowing areas does not occur due to the lack of sufficient sowing material, which in turn is due to low seed productivity. The solution to this problem is possible only when moving to new varieties with high potential for seed yield and introducing improved technologies. Our article shows the characteristic of new varieties of  alfalfa of the Ershovsky selection. New varieties Serena and Natalie had the highest seed harvest rates in 9 years. Natalie variety on average for 9 years (2009-2017) by the number of brushes on one stem, the number of seeds in the bean and the number of beans in the brush was higher than the Uzen variety-standard by 5.0 respectively; 11.0 and 6.0%. According to the correlation analysis of the indicators, the crop of seeds and seeds in the bean is significant positive.
Estimation of the efficiency of cowshed aeration in the warm season
Authors: Agakhanova Kaminat  Muradovna
Published: December 2020

Heat stress is one of the main factors affecting the well-being and performance of cows during the warm season. The article presents the results of calculating the daily change in the ventilation air consumption during the cowshed aeration. The influence of changes in the outside air temperature on the amount of air exchange was revealed.
Muş İlindeki Besi İşletmelerinde Sürdürülebilir Üretim ve Bunu Etkileyen Faktörler
Authors: BAKIR Galip , KİBAR Mustafa
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışma Muş ili besi işletmelerinde sürdürülebilir üretim ve bunu etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Bu amaçla, Muş ili merkez ve ilçelerinde rastgele örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak saptanan 368 işletmeci ile anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Yapılan araştırmada, işletmecilerin %83,8’i besiciliği sürdürmek istediğini belirtirken %16,2’si sürdürmek istemediğini bildirmiştir. Besiciliği sürdürme isteği ile yaş, eğitim seviyesi ve deneyim arasında pozitif ilişki, hayvan sayısı ile negatif ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Besiciliği baba mesleği ve severek yapan işletmecilerin, başka iş olmadığı için yapanlardan daha memnun oldukları ve işi sürdürmek istedikleri belirlenmiştir. Besi sonunda hayvanlarını eder fiyata satan işletmecilerin besicilikten memnun oldukları ve besiciliği de severek yaptıkları belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, besiciliğin sürdürülebilirliğini, işletmecilerin yaşı, eğitim durumu ve deneyimleri ile mevcut hayvan sayısı, besi sonunda hayvanların eder fiyata satılması olumlu yönde etkilemektedir.
Gelişmekte Olan Ülkelerde Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırım ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: İnsan Sermayesinin Sağladığı Yayılma Etkilerine İlişkin Yeni Kanıtlar
Authors: USTAOĞLU Erkan
Published: December 2020

Gelişmekte olan ülkeler yeterli sermaye birikimine sahip olmadıklarından istenilen seviyede ekonomik büyüme sağlayamazlar. Gelişmekte olan ülkeler bu sermaye eksikliğini yabancı yatırım ve/veya borçla aşmak ister. Doğrudan yabancı yatırım yapan şirketler gittikleri ülkeye, sermaye ile birlikte sahip oldukları ileri teknolojiyi, yeni üretim yöntemlerini, pazarlama ve yönetim becerilerini de beraberinde götürür. Doğrudan yabancı yatırım ülkede sermaye birikimini artırarak ekonomik büyümeyi teşvik etmesi beklenirken, doğrudan yabancı yatırım ile ülkeye giren faydalar tüm ülkeye yayıldığında da ekonomik büyümeyi teşvik edebilir. Bu bağlamda çalışmada, 2000-2017 yılları arasında 19 gelişmekte olan ülkede doğrudan yabancı yatırımların ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisi ve doğrudan yabancı yatırımın insan sermayesi üzerinden sağladığı olası pozitif dışsallıkların etkileri Sistem-GMM tahmincisi aracılığıyla araştırılmıştır. Yapılan tahminler sonucunda, gelişmekte olan ülkelerde doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar ekonomik büyümeyi pozitif etkilemektedir. Ancak doğrudan yabancı yatırımlardan kaynaklı pozitif dışsallıkları yaratmada insan sermayesinin önemli bir kanal olmadığı tespit edilmiştir.
DP600 Çeliğinin Mekanik Özelliklerine Çift Gerinim Yaşlanma İşleminin Etkisi
Authors: TOPBAŞOĞLU Mustafa Can , DİNLER Sırma , KAYA Ozlem , ÇAVUŞOĞLU Onur , ALTUNTAŞ Onur , GÜRAL Ahmet
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmada tek ve çift statik gerinim yaşlandırma işlemi uygulanan ticari DP600 çeliklerin çekme davranışı incelenmiştir. Tek gerinim yaşlandırması uygulanan numuneler % 10 ön gerinimin ardından 140 °C ve 190 °C sıcaklıklarda 30 ve 60 dakika sürede statik yaşlandırılmışlardır. 140 °C’ de 60 dakika yaşlandırma sonucunda sürekli akma davranışı korunurken 190 °C’de süreksiz akma davranışı görülmeye başlanmıştır. Bütün sıcaklıklarda akma ve çekme dayanımı, sertlik artarken, düzgün uzama ve pekleşme üssü azalmıştır. Her iki sıcaklıktaki 30 dakikalık yaşlandırma sonrasında sürekli akma davranışı gözlemlenmiştir. 30 dakikalık yaşlandırma sonrası akma ve çekme dayanımı ile sertliğin 60 dakikalık numuneye göre yüksek olduğu ancak % uzama ve pekleşme üssü değerlerinin azaldığı belirlenmiştir. Daha sonra % 10 ön gerinim uygulanan numunelerin 140 °C ve 190 °C sıcaklıklarda 30 dakika yaşlandırma işleminin ardından % 15 ikinci gerinim uygulanmış ve aynı sıcaklıklarda tekrar yaşlandırma işlemi yapılmıştır. Benzer şekilde birinci ön gerinim yaşlandırma işlemlerinde olduğu gibi akma gerilmesinin, çekme gerilmesinin ve sertliğin daha da arttığı, düzgün uzama ve pekleşme üssü değerlerinin azaldığı belirlenmiştir
Seleksi Peubah menggunakan Algoritme Genetika pada Data Rancangan Faktorial Pecahan Lewat Jenuh Dua Taraf
Authors: Safitri Ani , Anisa Rahma , Sartono Bagus
Published: December 2020

In certain fields, experiments involve many factors and are constrained by costs. Reducing runs is one of the solutions to reduce experiment costs. But that can cause the number of runs to become less than the number of factors. This case of experimental design also is known as a supersaturated design. The important factors in this design are generally estimated by involving variable selection such as forward selection, stepwise regression, and penalized regression. Genetic algorithm is one of the methods that can be used for variable selection, especially for high dimensional data or supersaturated design. This study aims to use a genetic algorithm for variable selection in the supersaturated design and compare the genetic algorithm results with a stepwise regression which is generally used for a simple design. This study also involved fractional factorial design principles. The result showed that the main factors and interactions of the genetic algorithm and stepwise regression were quite different. But the principle was the same because the variables correlated. The genetic algorithm model had a smaller AIC and BIC and all of the main factors and interactions which had chosen were significant on the 0.1%. Therefore genetic algorithm model was chosen although computation time was much longer than stepwise regression.
Pemodelan Pola Produktivitas Cabai Rawit di Kabupaten Magelang
Authors: Purnama Yohanes , Affendi Farit M , Soleh Agus M
Published: December 2020

The objective of this study was to determine the best model that describe the pattern of cayenne pepper productivity in Magelang Regency. This study uses primary data which was obtained from the results of a survey of cayenne pepper production by the General Director of Horticulture on several sample plots in Magelang District, Central Java Province in 2018. The process of data analysis was divided into two parts: grouping the sample plots based on the similarity in productivity pattern and then fitting models in each group. The models used to fit data were Logistic Growth Model, Monomolecular Growth Model, Exponential Growth Model, Polynomial Model and Linear B-Spline Model. The best model was determined based on R2 and MAPE. The results showed that the pattern of cayenne pepper productivity in Magelang District had eight different characteristics. Characteristics of each groups were illustrated by the similarity of their productivity pattern. The best model in each group was B-Spline Linear Model.
KESEHATAN LPD, JUMLAH NASABAH, DAN SUKU BUNGA TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS DENGAN VARIABEL PEMEDIASI PERTUMBUHAN ASET
Authors: A.A Pt. Agung Mirah Purnama Sari
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study was to analyze the health of Lembaga Perkreditan Desa (LPD) in Badung Regency in 2017-2019. LPD health is measured by CAR, KAP, BOPO, and LDR. Furthermore, CAR, KAP, BOPO, LDR, number of customers and interest rates will be tested for their effect on ROA with asset growth as an intervening variable. Testing was conducted on 103 of 122 LPDs in Badung Regency with CAEL Analysis to analyze the health conditions of the LPDs and Ordinary Least Square to test its effects. The LPD health categories consist of healthy, heallthy enough, less healthy and unhealthy. The results showed that LPDs in the healthy category in Badung Regency had increased from 2017 to 2019 by 1%. In 2017, there were 59% of LPDs in the healthy category and 2019 increased by 60%. Unhealthy LPDs have decreased by 4% since 2017. Other results show CAR, LDR, number of customers and interest rates have a positive effect on ROA. KAP and BOPO have a negative effect on ROA. Meanwhile, asset growth has no effect on ROA. In addition, CAR, BOPO, LDR and interest rates negatively affect asset growth. Meanwhile, KAP and the number of customers have no effect on asset growth. The results of this study also show that asset growth is able to mediate the relationship between the effect of LPD health analysis as proxied by CAR, KAP, BOPO, and LDR, the number of customers and interest rates on ROA. The research implication is focused on the analysis of LPD health, profitability and asset growth so that potential customers can be subject to losses before investing their funds in the LPD. In addition, LPDs are expected to increase their profits and assets by taking into account the CAR, LDR, number of customers and interest rates.
CALCULATION OF AN OPTICAL SETUP FOR A LIBS SYSTEM
Authors: Zanetti Thalena Carolina , Cabral Jader Souza
Published: December 2020

In this work we will represent the necessary calculation for the optical setup on a LIBS spectroscopic system, as well as the parameters for the beam characterization. On the realized simulation, the beam was deal with the wave optics theory and its propagation with the paraxial approximation. It was described as a beam of Gaussian intensity profile and its propagation was acquired through the ABCD’s law. Our results have showed the necessary lens to hold a LIBS sign for different kinds of materials, depending on their  bond cleavage . Also, we have showed a table with typical values of focus lens, used in LIBS setups, and its respective irradiance.
EXPOENTE DE AVRAMI PELA EQUAÇÃO DE JMAK PARA MÉTODO NÃO-ISOTÉRMICO DE ANÁLISE TÉRMICA
Authors: Sidel Salmo Moreira , Idalgo Elio , Yukimitu Keizo , Moraes João Carlos Silos , Dos Santos Fabio Alencar
Published: December 2020

This work reports a discussion about of the general theory for phase transformations of Melh-Johnson-Avrami-Kolmogorov in process involving non-isothermal crystallization. This model allows determine as occurs the mechanism of the nucleus formation and of growth of crystalline phases during the crystallization process. To demonstrate the validity this theory, the Avrami exponent (n) of the LiO2-TeO2-WO3 vitreous system was determined from DSC non-isothermal measurements. The obtained results indicate that the nucleation process is volumetric with two-dimensional or three-dimensional crystal growth. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30609/JETI.2018-2.5566
Síntese e Caracterização de Sub-microfibras de PVDF/GO via Blow-Spinning
Authors: Larios Gustavo Sander , Nogueira Fabio S. , Viana Jessica L. , Oliveira Rafael H. , Ferreira Dyovanna C.O. , Ilha Vinicius Novaes , Canassa Thalita Antoniassi , Plaça Luis F
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho apresenta a síntese e caracterização de nanofibras compósitas de poli (fluoreto de vinilideno) (PVDF) / óxido de grafeno (GO) produzidas pela técnica de Solution Blow-Spinning (SBS). O GO foi sintetizado via método de Hummer modificado e introduzido em solução polimérica de PVDF a 30% em massa. O compósito foi caracterizado por Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV) para avaliar a relação de aspecto e morfologia das nanofibras. O diâmetro médio das nanofibras foi determinado em torno de 700 nm. As propriedades estruturais foram analisadas por difração de raios-X (DRX), que revela as principais fases da estrutura cristalina do PVDF, a alfa e beta, uma pequena contribuição associada ao GO pode ser identificada pela análise das curvas deconvoluídas. Estudos de espectroscopia FTIR revelaram as principais bandas associadas ao PVDF e boa interação entre os dois materiais. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30609/JETI.2018-7533
Otimização de metodologia de obtenção de pastas cimentícias contendo hidrogéis
Authors: Cilli Sabrina Lourenço , Silva Henrique Colete , Watanuki Filho Adhemar , De Moura Aouada Márcia Regina , Aouada Fauze Ahmad
Published: December 2020

Os hidrogéis utilizados como polímeros de liberação controlada podem contribuir para o melhor desenvolvimento das reações de hidratação das partículas de cimento ao longo do tempo e, minimizar a retração na microestrutura da matriz cimentícia, através de uma cura interna mais efetiva. Este estudo propôs otimizar a metodologia de síntese de pastas cimentícias e efetuar a análise morfológica e mecânica de compósitos híbridos, obtidos a partir do uso de hidrogéis com cimento Portland. Inicialmente, foram sintetizados hidrogéis compostos por poliacrilamida polissacarídeo carboximetilcelulose, para que posteriormente fossem aplicados na confecção de pastas com cimento Portland, variando a concentração do polímero (0,5, 1,5 e 2,5% de hidrogel), aplicando diversas relações água/cimento (a/c = 0,3, 0,325, 0,35 e 0,4) e diferentes tipos de cimentos. As amostras foram submetidas a ensaios de compressão axial, determinação de densidade aparente e análise de microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). A partir dos resultados obtidos, observou-se que a concentração de 0,5% de hidrogel foi a que apresentou um desempenho mais satisfatório, assim como a relação a/c = 0,35 apresentou um aumento de 1,09% na resistência mecânica aos 28 dias. Com relação ao tipo de cimento, o CPII-Z-32 foi o que demonstrou um aumento da resistência ao longo do tempo. A análise de densidade não demonstrou variações significativas, que pode estar relacionado a formação de produtos hidratados com o aumento do tempo de cura. A técnica de microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) permitiu identificar que o hidrogel foi homogeneamente incorporado na matriz cimentícia, visto que não foi observado separação de fases entre o polímero e o cimento. Assim, a aplicação de compósitos híbridos passa ser uma alternativa para o desenvolvimento de materiais cimentícios que utilizam o procedimento de cura interna, para evitar retração. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30609/JETI.2019-7474
Manufacture and Mechanical Behavior of Green Polymeric Composite Reinforced with Hydrated Cotton Fiber
Authors: Pires da Silva Ênio Henrique , Almendro Emiliano Barretto , Xavier da Silva Amanda Albertin , Waldow Guilherme , Sales Flaminio CP , De Moura Ana Paula , Cavalcante da Costa Romeu Rony
Published: December 2020

Composites using natural fibers as reinforcement and biodegradable polymers as matrix are considered environmentally friendly materials. This paper seeks the mechanical and morphological characterization of a biocomposite of polyurethane (PU) derived from a blend of vegetable oils doped with aluminatrihydrate (ATH) and reinforced with hydrated cotton fiber fabric (HCF). The comparison and study were performed based on the properties of the: (i) pure PU; (ii) PU doped with ATH containing 30% of the final mass (PU+30%ATH); (iii) composite of PU reinforced with 7 layers of cotton fiber fabric (PU+7CF); (iv) composite of PU+30%ATH reinforced with 7 layers of CF (PU+30%ATH+7CF); (v) composite of PU+30%ATH reinforced with 7 layers of hydrated cotton fiber fabric (PU+30%ATH+7HCF). The mechanical properties obtained according to the tensile test for the composite PU+30%ATH+CF with fibers oriented at 0° showed a significant increment in tensile strength (60 MPa) and the modulus of elasticity (4.7 GPa) when compared to pure PU (40 MPa) and (1.7 GPa) respectively. PU+30%ATH also presented a rising tensile strength (31 MPa) and Young modulus (2.6 GPa). For the composite with addition of water, results presented a significant decrease in strength (31.3 MPa) and stiffness (0.9 GPa) than the composite with no water. Electron microscopy (SEM) analyses exhibited that the samples with addition of water showed the presence of large amounts of pores and the lower interaction between matrix and fiber. These results may explain the lower mechanical properties of this material. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30609/JETI.2019-7576
ICOSAHEDRAL PHASE OF Al65Cu25Fe15
Authors: Nascimento Luciano
Published: December 2020

The present work aimed to characterize the microstructure of the icosahedral phase (quasicrystalline phase-ϕ) of the system with stoichiometric composition of the quasicrystal Al65Cu25Fe15 . The ternary alloy with nominal composition of Al63Cu25Fe12 was processed by mechanical alloying (MA) as a viable solid state processing method for producing various metastable and stable quasicrystalline phases. The structural characterization of the obtained samples was performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while the elemental composition was determined by dispersive energy spectroscopy (DES). The diffraction patterns of Al65Cu25Fe15 showed the presence of ω-Al7Cu2Fe , β-Al(Fe, Cu) and λ-Al13Fe4 phases that coexist with the thermodynamic quasicrystalline phase-ϕ. Finally, elemental analysis indicates that during alloy synthesis there is little variation of the ideal composition. The results indicate that alloys with high percentage of icosahedral phase can be obtained by casting in the air.
APPLICATION OF VALUE ENGINEERING IN PROJECT ROAD MAINTENANCE ACTIVITY AT THE PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT OF SPATIAL PLANNING IN GROBOGAN
Authors: Prasetyo Hari Budi , Mudiyono Rachmat
Published: December 2020

One of the most frequent tasks of Public Works and Spatial Planning (PUPR) of Grobogan Regency is the handling of road damage with routine road maintenance. Implementation of material procurement is done contractually with provider of goods / services while for the implementation of activities in the field implemented by UPTD area according to location of activity. So in the implementation of road maintenance activities PUPR Service Grobogan District requires a method of engineering value or commonly called Value Engineering in order to be implemented efficiently and optimally. The purpose of this study is to determine the cost efficiency in the implementation of road maintenance; know the cost components that have the potential to be saved / streamlined in the implementation of road maintenance and also to know the extent to which this value engineering can be applied to the implementation of road maintenance on a self-managed basis. The method used is descriptive qualitative with analytical technique using value engineering to answer the background of problem and purpose. The results of this study indicate that contractual road maintenance is cheaper because it does not rent equipment but has a short plan life of maximum 3 years. While road maintenance is done by self-managed has a plan life of up to 5 years. The cost of renting equipment is a very possible component to save. Value engineering also yields a final conclusion that road maintenance work carried out with self-managed systems has a short and efficient procedure; better road quality and faster processing times compared to conventional systems. Keywords: Grobogan District; Road Maintenance; Value Engineering.
Spor Endüstrisinde İstihdam
Authors: MENEVŞE Aliye
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmada, spor eğitimi alan üniversite öğrencilerinin, gelecekte seçmek istedikleri mesleklere ilişkin tercihlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma, tanımlayıcı araştırma modeline göre yapılmıştır. Çalışmada Taşmektepligil vd., (2009) “Beden eğitimi ve spor alanı mezunlarının istihdam sorunları ve yeni iş olanakları” anketi kullanılmıştır. Anket, spor eğitimi alan üniversite öğrencilerine uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen verilere, SPSS 20.0 paket programında yüzde ve frekans uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre; spor yönetimi alanından, “Profesyonel takımlar” (n=474, %94.8), spor ve medya alanından “Radyo tv kurumları” (n=466, %93.2), “Spor belgeseli” (n=443, %88.6) ve “Spor magazini” (n=446, %89.2), spor ve sağlık alanında, “Spor pedagogu” (n=431, %86.2), spor ve fitness alanından, “Kişisel çalıştırıcı” (n=425, %85.5) meslekleri, diğer meslek gruplarına göre daha fazla tercih edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak; atanma ve sınav kriterleri her ne kadar etkili olsa da, maddi imkanların büyükşehirlerde sporun ticari boyutunu da etkilemesi sebebiyle mesleki tercihler arz ve talep döngüsünde spor yönetimi, spor ve medya, spor ve sağlık ve spor ve fitness alanlarında şekillendiği ve değiştiği düşünülmektedir.
Associations between Problematic Smartphone Use, Unhealthy Behaviors, and Mental Health Status in Korean Adolescents: Based on Data from the 13th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey (2017)
Authors: Kim Hae Ran , Han Mi Ah
Published: December 2020

Objective We aimed to assess the associations between problematic smartphone use, unhealthy behaviors, and mental health status among adolescents.Methods The data for this cross-sectional study were obtained from the 13th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey (2017). From among the 62,276 adolescents who participated in this nationwide web-based survey, 54,603 (87.7%) who used smartphones were selected as the study population. Unhealthy behaviors included smoking, drinking, physical inactivity, skipping breakfast, and fast food consumption. For the examination of mental health status, we considered sleep disturbances, stress, depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts. The associations between problematic smartphone use, unhealthy behaviors, and mental health were analyzed using multiple logistic regression analyses.Results More than four hours of use on weekdays (31.3%) and weekends (61.3%) and the use of smartphones for communication (46.9%) were associated with unhealthy behaviors and mental health problems. Furthermore, adolescents who experienced conflicts with family (22.3%) and friends (25.8%) and academic problems (3.4%) were likely to have health problems.Conclusion The results suggest that problematic smartphone use may disrupt adolescents’ health. Therefore, there is a need for prevention programs for problematic smartphone use at home and at school to improve adolescents’ health.
Thermal expansion of cladding tubes and rods made of Zr-1% Nb alloy in the temperature range 293-873 K (20-600°C)based on X-ray and dilatometric measurements
Authors:   National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”, Isaenkova M.G. , Tenishev A.V. ,   National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”, Perlovich Yu.A. ,   National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”, Stolbov S.D. ,   National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”, Milhilchik V.V. ,   National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”, Fedotov P.V. ,   High-technology scientific research institute of inorganic materials named after A.A. Bochvar, Novikov V.V. ,   High-technology scientific research institute of inorganic materials named after A.A. Bochvar, Kuznetsov V.I. ,   High-technology scientific research institute of inorganic materials named after A.A. Bochvar
Published: December 2020

The temperature dependences of the periods a and c of the crystal structure of a-Zr and thermal linear expansion coefficients (TLEC) of textured cladding tubes and rods of E110opt Zr-based alloy in the axial direction in the temperature range of 293-873 K (20-600 °С) were determined. On the basis of Kearns’ integral texture parameters for cladding tubes and rods, TLEC values were calculated. The calculated values of the TLEC turned out to be significantly smaller than the values measured by the dilatometric method. Simulation of the process of thermal expansion of goods showed that the observed differences in the calculated and measured values of the TLEC can be due to layer-by-layer texture inhomogeneity of tubes and internal stresses arising between the layers.
Features of radiothermoluminescence of polypropylene and ethylene propylenediene elastomer SKEPT-4044 compositions with nanoscale metal-containing fillers
Authors:   Institute of radiation problems of National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan, Magerramov A.M. , Kurbanova N.I. ,   Institute of polymer materials of National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan, Bayramov M.N. ,   Institute of radiation problems of National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan, Alimirzoyeva N.A. ,   Institute of polymer materials of National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan, Ragimova S.K. ,   Institute of polymer materials of National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan, Nabiyeva A.N. ,   Institute of radiation problems of National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan
Published: December 2020

Using radiothermoluminescence (RTL), the molecular mobility features in the temperature range of 77-300 K were studied for the polypropylene (PP)/ethylene propylene diene elastomer SKEPT-4044 with NiO, Cu2O and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) based on ABS-acrylonitrile butadiene or SCS-divinyl styrene matrices. It has been shown that the introduction of nanofillers in PP significantly affects the nature and temperature of γ- and β-relaxation processes, while the region of manifestation of the β-process noticeably shifts to the region of low temperatures. Composites with Cu2O NPs have a higher β-transition temperature Tβ than composites with other NPs. It was found that PP/SKEPT-4044 composites with Cu2O NPs with a dispersion of 11-15 nm and acrylonitrile butadiene thermoplastics have optimal frost resistance compared to other compositions.
Abschlussschwäche? Die closure des höfischen Romans zwischen Mediengeschichte und Kulturpoetik
Authors: Kragl Florian
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the closure of the, mostly Middle High German, courtly romance, taking as primary example Heinrich von Veldeke’s Eneide. ‘Courtly closure’ is defined as a slow and tenacious fading of narrative progression, by means of gradually transforming this progression into a virtually static state, namely, the description of an enduring courtly feast. It is argued that this way of bringing a romance or a novel to its end – unusual in the course of European literary history – is motivated by several factors. Amongst these, special attention is paid to media history (episodic narration, recital) and to cultural poetics (didactic qualities of the courtly romance).
Euclid’s Kinds and (Their) Attributes
Authors: Wilck Benjamin
Published: December 2020

Relying upon a very close reading of all of the definitions given in Euclid’s Elements, I argue that this mathematical treatise contains a philosophical treatment of mathematical objects. Specifically, I show that Euclid draws elaborate metaphysical distinctions between (i) substances and non-substantial attributes of substances, (ii) different kinds of substance, and (iii) different kinds of non-substance. While the general metaphysical theory adopted in the Elements resembles that of Aristotle in many respects, Euclid does not employ Aristotle’s terminology, or indeed, any philosophical terminology at all. Instead, Euclid systematically uses different types of definition to distinguish between metaphysically different kinds of mathematical object.
Representation of Profession in the World Image of the Chinese
Authors:   The Institute of linguistics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Shuyue Jia
Published: December 2020

The concept of a profession is a multi-dimensional, multi-level system of knowledge, characterized by stability in a certain historical period and a certain selective nature in different periods. Representation of profession of modern Chinese people reflects cultural values and stereotypes, but under the influence of the multipolarity of the world, they have also undergone significant changes.The article provides a detailed description of the general representation of profession among the Chinese from a historical point of view. In addition to studying professional values of the Chinese with the help of the associative experiment data, the representation of profession as a part of the world image of modern Chinese people is analyzed.
Intraoperative intraluminal endoscopic assistance
Authors: Bulganina N. A. , Godzhello E. A. , Khrustaleva M. V. , Titova I. V. , Shestakov A. L.
Published: December 2020

Purpose of the study. Clarification of indications, assessment of technical aspects and results of intraoperative intraluminal endoscopic assistance in patients with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract and in cardiosurgical patients.

Materials and methods. Intraoperative intraluminal endoscopic assistance was performed for esophageal diverticula (41), gastroesophageal reflux disease and its complications (32), cicatricial stenoses and tracheal neoplasms (28), gastrointestinal tract neoplasms (17), and a mismatch between the diagnosis of the sending organization with intraoperative data (9) and for the anastomoses control (5). Intraoperative sanation tracheo-bronchoscopy with the definition of “background” flora was performed in 60 cardiosurgical patients with chronic diseases of the bronchopulmonary system.

Results. The indications for performing the intraoperative intraluminal endoscopic assistance have been specified taking into account the impact of the study on the surgical course and scope, the method of anesthesia and the tactics of further treatment. Various aspects of the formed fundoplication cuff, completeness of diverticulum resection, and suture tightness were assessed. In a number of patients, the localization of neoplasms and stenoses was clarified, which affected the definition of the resection boundaries. In a number of cases, intraoperative intraluminal endoscopic assistance allowed reducing the average time of intervention and helped to minimize complications.

Conclusion. Intraoperative intraluminal endoscopic assistance has its own peculiarities of execution, requires experience in data interpretation, requires a clear coordinated work and communication between the endoscopist, anesthesiologist and surgeon. In general, intraoperative endoscopy improves the results of surgical treatment and prevents complications.
Comparative evaluation of direct results of low anterior rectal resection with total mesorectumectomy using laparoscopic and laparotomic methods
Authors: Dmitriev A. V. , Khoronko Yu. V. , Pereskokov S. V. , Groshilin V. S. , Kozyrevskiy M. A. , Afunts L. S. , Kuznecov I. I.
Published: December 2020

Purpose of research. Evaluation of direct results of surgical treatment of patients with cancer localization in the middle and lower ampullary rectum using laparoscopic and open methods. Materials and methods: a retrospective analysis was performed on 221 patients who underwent anterior and low anterior rectal resection. Results. Independent risk factors for failure of low colorectal anastomosis were determined. Laparoscopic treatment of rectal cancer with total mesorectumectomy does not lead to an increase in the number of intra—and postoperative complications. Laparoscopic mesorectumectomy is a priority method in comparison with the open method of operation.
Possibilities of diagnostic and therapeutic balloon-assisted enteroscopy in a multidisciplinary hospital
Authors: Gabriel S. A. , Krushelnitskiy V. S. , Kortieva A. T. , Dynko V. Yu. , Guchetl A. Ya. , Tlekhuray R. M. , Ignatenko V. V.
Published: December 2020

The aim of investigation: to assess the possibilities of diagnostic and therapeutic BAE in a multidisciplinary hospital.

Materials and Methods: The analysis of the findings was carried out in 32 patients who underwent 40 diagnostic and 17 therapeutic procedures. Small bowel ulcers were detected in 6 patients, angioectasias in 5. One patient with subcompensated jejunal stricture in the suprastenotic section was found to have a bezoar foreign body. In 17 patients, tumors of a different nature were identified: carcinoids in 4, gastrointestinal-stromal tumors (GIST) in 6 patients, adenocarcinomas in 7 patients. One patient was diagnosed with varicose veins of the jejunum, complicated by bleeding. In 9 patients, polyps of the jejunum and ileum were identified. Reoperations were planned in 6 patients.

Results: When conducting therapeutic balloon-assisted enteroscopy, the following types of endoscopic treatment were used: endoscopic clipping (angiectasia-4 and ulcers-2), argon plasma coagulation was used in 1 case, endoscopic polypectomy was performed in 9 patients, destruction of the bezoar with a diathermic loop and balloon dilatation strictures in one case. Patients who had a pathology that was not subject to endoscopic treatment were operated on.

Conclusion: The availability of modern equipment significantly expands the capabilities of clinicians in the differential diagnosis of pathological conditions of the small intestine and allows for minimally invasive treatment, shortening the rehabilitation period due to the reduction of surgical trauma.
Proactive local anesthesia with ropivacaine in the prevention of pain after hemorrhoidectomy
Authors: Abdulatipova Z. M. , Danilov M. A. , Leontiev A. V. , Khachaturian A. A. , Saakian G. G. , Dolgopyatov I. A. , Streltsov Yu. A. , Baychorov A. B. , Nikolaeva A. O.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Assessment of proactive local anesthesia’s influence on how early postoperative period after hemorrhoidectomy undergoes.

Materials and methods. The object of the study were 50 patients operated on for chronic combined hemorrhoids (stage 3). In the period from November 2018 to June 2019, they all had open hemorrhoidectomy made according to the standard method. All operations were performed under spinal anesthesia. Patients were divided into the main group (n = 26), operated on under proactive local anesthesia (PLA) with 0,75% ropivacaine solution and a comparison group (n = 24) that had not had PLA. The introduction was carried out immediately before hemorrhoidectomy after the spinal block was performed at 5 points. Pain was assessed with the help of questionnaires based on a visual analogue scale (VAS), 2, 4, 8, 24, 48 hours after surgery.

Results. The level of postoperative pain in the main group was lower than in the comparison group (p<0.05) and did not exceed 1,78 points by VAS. In the comparison group, the level of postoperative pain after 8 and 24 hours on average exceeded 5 points by VAS. Patients of the main group did not need postoperative anesthesia in 68,5% (n = 17) cases, while in the comparison group 57% patients (n = 17), needed from 3 to 5 injections of NSAID to provide adequate pain relief.

Conclusion. The use of a 0,75% ropivacaine solution for PLA reduces pain after hemorrhoidectomy, which does not lead to the need for additional analgesia in the early postoperative period and improves the patient’s quality of life.
Chronic pancreatitis in children: between gastroenterologist and surgeon
Authors: Kulevich B. O. , Razumovsky A. Yu. , Smirnov A. N. , Kholostova V. V. , Khavkin A. I.
Published: December 2020

The pancreas is an organ that plays a key role in the digestive process, preparing food ingredients such as proteins, fats and carbohydrates for adequate absorption in the small intestine. Today, a wide range of pathological conditions is known in which the tissue of the pancreas is affected and its functions are lost. The literature review examined various diseases that phenotypically manifest as pancreatitis, as well as various diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
“The place I had long desired exceedingly to see…”: Olaudah Equiano’s England
Authors:   National Research University — Higher School of Economics, Aleksandrov Gleb V.
Published: December 2020

The essay examines the image of England in the The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, the autobiography of a former slave and a key ﬁgure of the early abolitionist movement. After being captured and enslaved in his early teenage years, Equiano was intimately familiar with both the life of slaves in the West Indies and in America, and the life of common Englishmen, as well as the life of wealthy and educated gentry. Equiano's book is undoubtedly rooted in the European literary tradition, but the author nevertheless attempted to maintain a connection with his African heritage, and his attitude towards European culture is to a certain degree that of an outsider. The issue of Equiano's complex identity, as well as his inﬂuence on the abolitionist movement has been thoroughly exam-ined and researched, but one aspect that remains consistently underrepresented is the imperial element. Equiano lived at the time when the idea of empire was already fairly articulated, and, while hailing from the “Black Atlantic” community, Equiano certainly was familiar with the British Empire and its institutions (which partially overlap with the Black Atlantic, but neither was the Black Atlantic com-munity completely within the British Empire, nor was the imperial experience limited to the Atlantic slave trade). Therefore, when addressing Equiano's iden-tity, it may be productive to examine its imperial element, as well as its African, European, and American components. This essay explores the image of England in Equiano's autobiography, including its imperial context, and Equiano's attitudes towards the Empire in general.