bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with hepatitis A susceptibility among men who have sex with men using HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis in Northeastern Brazil: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Vechi Hareton Teixeira , Bay Mônica Baumgardt , Freitas Cláudio Henrique Silva de , Sant’anna Júlia Gomes Fernandes Costa de , Brites Carlos , Lima Kenio Costa de
Published: March 2024

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection has disproportionately affected more men who have sex with men (MSM), occurring in outbreaks, despite being vaccine-preventable. We determined the prevalence and factors associated with HAV susceptibility among cisgender MSM on HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in Northeastern Brazil. From September 30, 2021 to June 19, 2023, 282 cisgender MSM receiving HIV PrEP were enrolled into this cross-sectional study. Sociodemographic and clinical information were collected. Blood samples were collected for screening of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and serum samples were tested for IgM and total anti-HAV antibodies. Non-reactive results for total anti-HAV antibodies were found in 106 of 282 (37.6%) participants. Factors associated with HAV susceptibility included age <30 years (prevalence ratio [PR]: 2.02; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.61–2.53), having health insurance (PR: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.19–1.64), sex only with cisgender men (PR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.23–1.89), non-steady partner (PR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.01–1.43) and no lifetime history of STIs (PR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.03–1.53). Identifying clinical correlates of HAV susceptibility in key populations is a fundamental step towards development of public policy focused on prevention, especially following the recent hepatitis A outbreak in Brazil.
The Wolbachia WalE1 effector alters Drosophila endocytosis
Authors: Martin MaryAnn , López-Madrigal Sergio , Newton Irene L. G.
Published: March 2024

The most common intracellular bacterial infection isWolbachia pipientis, a microbe that manipulates host reproduction and is used in control of insect vectors. Phenotypes induced byWolbachiahave been studied for decades and range from sperm-egg incompatibility to male killing. HowWolbachiaalters host biology is less well understood. Previously, we characterized the firstWolbachiaeffector–WalE1, which encodes an alpha-synuclein domain at the N terminus. Purified WalE1 sediments with and bundles actin and when heterologously expressed in flies, increasesWolbachiatiter in the developing oocyte. In this work, we first identify the native expression of WalE1 byWolbachiainfecting both fly cells and whole animals. WalE1 appears as aggregates in the host cell cytosol. We next show that WalE1 co-immunoprecipitates with the host protein Past1, although might not directly interact with it, and that WalE1 manipulates host endocytosis. Yeast expressing WalE1 show deficiency in uptake of FM4-64 dye, and flies harboring mutations inPast1or overexpressing WalE1 are sensitive to AgNO3, a hallmark of endocytosis defects. We also show that flies expressing WalE1 suffer from endocytosis defects in larval nephrocytes. Finally, we also show thatPast1null flies harbor moreWolbachiaoverall and in late egg chambers. Our results identify interactions betweenWolbachiaand a host protein involved in endocytosis and point to yet another important host cell process impinged upon byWolbachia’sWalE1 effector.
Breaking the mould: Provoking pedagogical change in music education
Authors: Fuller Brad
Published: March 2024

Research suggests that classroom music education has become disconnected from the real world, becoming irrelevant or even alienating to students. This disconnect is the result of a perpetual cycle of teachers teaching in the manner they were taught. It is suggested that classroom music teachers are hesitant, even resistant to change despite decades of encouragement from the literature. Some have suggested that Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) may be the panacea by disseminating information to teachers in the field and fostering the formation of global communities of practice. This study examined one module of a MOOC designed to promote change in classroom music education practices. The article presents encouraging evidence that, given access to well-presented, carefully curated examples of practice which are connected to the literature and provide opportunities for peer-reviewed reflection, music educators internationally are willing to consider new methods and adopt or adapt them into their teaching.
Professional learning with ICT and music technology: Australian music educators’ insights
Authors: Merrick Brad , Joseph Dawn
Published: March 2024

Teachers were forced to employ a range of information and communications technology (ICT) and music technology in the online context from 2020. This article focuses on an Australian national study ‘Re-imaging the future: Music teaching and learning, and ICT in blended environments in Australia’. In 2021, we collected data using an anonymous survey (N = 105) a limitation, therefore generalizations cannot be made. Findings discuss: What professional learning (PL) experiences did teachers seek to engage with to develop their practice? What aspects of their digital teaching practice did they prioritize and seek to develop as music educators? What types of software and resources did they employ to facilitate their online teaching? Teachers’ insights suggest customized PL should focus on pedagogy, learning design, delivery and assessment to improve student outcomes. The DELP (device, software and tools; environment; learning focus and pedagogy) quadrant is recommended to guide adaptive PL development, with a focus on specific devices, software and tools to support effective professional growth. Reconnecting teachers through PL is critical to enhance their knowledge and skills. These are essential drivers as educational institutions seek to nurture and sustain teacher confidence and competence in the current COVID-19 landscape.
The ‘Playing Together, Apart Framework’: A framework for communication in networked music performance
Authors: Iorwerth Miriam , Knox Don
Published: March 2024

The 'Playing Together, Apart Framework' is a framework for understanding communication between musicians in networked music performance (NMP). Previous research has largely focused on technical issues such as latency and synchronization, and this framework aims to extend this research into further understanding of the experiences of, and the communication between, musicians in NMP, and the factors affecting this. The framework is based on duo musicians, working in informal NMP situations, playing acoustic instruments. The framework shows the audio and video communication paths, and the influences on both the transmission and reception elements of the communication chain in NMP. General issues in NMP, such as the rhythmic content of the music, the expertise and experience of the musicians when dividing attention, the use of video and the socio-emotional and professional relationships between musicians, are examined in further detail. This framework is proposed as a basis for further research into NMP, and for expansion and development by researchers.
Safely maintaining distance while singing together: Developing synchronous and asynchronous solutions for an amateur choir under the time of social distancing
Authors: Chen Ken-Zen , Lin Chiung-Yuan , Wang Yu-Hsin , Chen Sau-Gee
Published: March 2024

The social distancing reinforcement under COVID-19 seriously limited the opportunities of practising and performing for arts and music performers. While many activities can be transferred online with minimal effort, the latency obstacle in using live streaming audio software negatively affects the musicians and singers in performing or practising online. The researchers sought to integrate both asynchronous and synchronous solutions to mitigate the demand of rehearsal practices. This action research applied and examined the viability of both low audio latency technology and mobile learning applications with amateur choir members. The researchers and participants field-tested and improved the choir’s online practice by using the JackTrip Audio Device (an audio low-latency device), Sight Singing Studio and Practice Bird (two mobile apps). Using current technology, we found that amateur choir singers have opportunities to keep learning and performing ‘together’ while staying healthy from virus threats.
Exponential State Enclosure Techniques for the Implementation of Validated Model Predictive Control
Authors: Fnadi Mohamed , Rauh Andreas
Published: March 2024

The design task of predictive controllers for uncertain systems is commonly formulated on the basis of their kinematic and/or dynamic models. These models are assumed to be expressed as initial value problems (IVPs) for finite-dimensional sets of nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). If constraints for the admissible state trajectories are formulated, bounds for these trajectories need to be computed by numerical procedures to obtain guaranteed enclosures of all possible states at each time step that contain the solution of the exact IVP-ODEs. Uncertainties in both the initial states and system parameters are considered in this paper by means of bounded interval variables. For this kind of system representation, we apply an exponential enclosure approach to determine guaranteed enclosures of all reachable states. This approach is embedded in a novel manner into the framework of a guaranteed nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) to acquire optimal and safe control domains along a receding horizon. The NMPC problem is solved at each time step considering several constraints which are crucial for the system's safety and stability, namely, bounds on the state trajectories and the control signals. The capabilities of the combination of the exponential enclosure technique with the set-based NMPC strategy are illustrated through simulations using a nonlinear inverted pendulum.
Apáczai Csere János és a posztrámista dialektika
Authors: Hajdu Ildikó
Published: March 2024

A dolgozat Apáczai Csere János logikai tárgyú szövegeinek, a Magyar Encyclopaedia II. és III. részének, valamint a Magyar Logicatskának a posztrámizmus hagyományaihoz való viszonyát vizsgálja, illetve kísérli meg elhelyezni Apáczai munkáit a hazai és nemzetközi szellemi környezetben. A dolgozat a terminológiai átvételeken túl három aspektusból elemzi Apáczai logikai tematikájú munkáit a posztrámizmus viszonylatában: a vizualitásra, az enciklopédizmusra és a vernakularitásra összpontosítva, továbbá az Encyclopaedia és a Logicatska terminológiaalkotási tendenciáit hasonlítja össze, arra keresve a választ, hogy mi motiválhatta Apáczait arra, hogy közel azonos időben két, azonos tematikájú művet is megjelentessen.
Navegação ameríndia
Authors: Nicolizas Constantino
Published: March 2024

A kanawa, a grande canoa oceânica indígena, é frequentemente retratada nas pesquisas arqueológicas das Antilhas como o viés material para o comércio e a colonização de novos espaços. Assim se vem reiterando a velha teoria difusionista, herdada da ecologia cultural, segundo a qual os padrões culturais são o produto das condições peculiares do ambiente em que estão inseridos. Esta visão determinista refletiria uma projeção etnocêntrica para a compreensão da arte da navegação entre as populações Arawak e Carib. Em contraposição a esse modelo, propomos uma abordagem estruturalista da cultura material que explore as dimensões técnicas, sociológicas e míticas da navegação indígena, abrangendo tanto as Antilhas quanto o Alto Rio Negro. Ao estudarmos esses territórios em conjunto, podemos conceber a bacia do Caribe indígena como uma área de transição sujeita, ao longo dos séculos, às influências culturais intensas tanto da América do Sul quanto da América do Norte.
Relações humanos-animais na pecuária amazônica (Ilha de Marajó – PA)
Authors: Pereira da Silva Matheus Henrique
Published: March 2024

Relações humanos-animais na pecuária amazônica (Ilha de Marajó – PA)
A precisão na previsão do resultado do retratamento endodôntico não cirúrgico por diferentes dentistas: um estudo preliminar
Authors: Ong Teng Kai , Singh Maharaj , Wang Shih-Wei , Bhagavatula Pradeep
Published: March 2024

Objetivos: Investigar e avaliar a acurácia de diferentes dentistas na previsão, usando radiografias, do resultado do retratamento endodôntico não cirúrgico. Material e Métodos: Radiografias pré e pós-operatórias de 30 dentes cujos retratamentos foram realizados por um endodontista foram enviadas a 50 dentistas por meio de um questionário eletrônico. A previsão do resultado do tratamento foi feita pelos profissionais com base nas radiografias pré e pós-operatórias. A precisão de suas previsões foi analisada. Resultados: No geral, a precisão das previsões do resultado foi de 61,1% e 63,6% com base nas radiografias pré-operatórias e pós-operatórias, respectivamente. O grupo de endodontistas apresentou maior precisão na previsão do resultado, se comparados aos demais dentistas, mas as diferenças não foram estatisticamente significativas. As previsões corretas foram significativamente maiores para os resultados bem-sucedidos do que para os resultados de insucesso. Aproximadamente, 16% das respostas foram inconsistentes entre as radiografias pré-operatórias e pós-operatórias, e os endodontistas mostraram inconstância significativamente menor na previsão do resultado, em comparação com os outros dentistas. Conclusões: A previsão dos resultados com base nas radiografias não mostrou precisão, com taxa de erro de cerca de 40% para todos os tipos de dentistas.
Adesivos dentinários conseguem prevenir a descoloração causada por pastas antibióticas usadas em procedimentos de regeneração pulpar? Uma análise espectrofotométrica
Authors: Pontes Jannerson Cesar Xavier , Albuquerque Ewelyn Maria de Lima , Vieira Maria Lúcia Oliveira , Silva Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal , Meireles Sônia Saeger , Soares Adriana de Jesus , Lima Thiago Farias Rocha
Published: March 2024

Objetivos: Avaliar a eficácia preventiva do adesivo dentinário (AD) contra descoloração causada por diferentes pastas antibióticas. Metodologia: Cento e quarenta dentes bovinos foram acessados e seus tecidos pulpares foram removidos. Após a medição inicial do espectrofotômetro de cor, 60 dentes foram submetidos ao AD antes da inserção das pastas antibióticas. Em seguida, os dentes foram alocados aleatoriamente em seis grupos (n = 20): PTA (Metronidazol, Ciprofloxacina e Minociclina), PTAM (Metronidazol, Ciprofloxacina e Amoxicilina), PDA (Metronidazol e Ciprofloxacina), AD + PTA, AD + PTAM e AD + PDA. Vinte dentes compuseram os dois grupos controle: um sem procedimentos e outro com aplicação de AD. As amostras foram descoloridas com pastas antibióticas durante um período de quatro semanas. As leituras espectrofotométricas foram obtidas nas superfícies vestibulares da coroa no dia 1 até 4 semanas após o preenchimento, e o valor de E foi calculado. Os dados foram analisados com os testes ANOVA de duas vias, Tukey post-hoc e teste t para amostras independentes (p = 0,05). Resultados: O grupo PTA induziu mais descoloração coronária quando comparado aos outros grupos testados (p < 0,05). A aplicação do AD diminuiu os valores de E apenas no grupo PTA, após a primeira semana (p < 0,05); no entanto, o escurecimento ainda foi clinicamente perceptível. Nos demais grupos, a aplicação do AD não interferiu na variação da cor nos diferentes momentos avaliados (p > 0,05). Conclusões: A pasta antibiótica contendo minociclina causou a maior descoloração coronária. A aplicação prévia do AD não contribuiu para prevenir a descoloração.
BODY COMPOSITION AND REGIONAL PHASE ANGLE AS INDICATORS OF VO2max IN ELITE MALE AND FEMALE COMBAT ATHLETES
Authors: TORTU Erkan , DELİCEOĞLU2 Gökhan , NEFES ÇAKAR Aslıhan , KAYA Selman
Published: March 2024

Various potentially related factors, such as maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) and anthropometric, physiological, genetic, and chronotype data, can contribute to athletes' training programs. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA), phase angle (PhA) values, and aerobic power in female and male combat athletes. PhA, lean mass (kg), fat mass (kg), and body fat percentage (%) values of the athletes were measured using the BIA method. Oxygen consumption (VO2) was measured using a mobile cardiopulmonary exercise test system. Statistical tests included analyses of bivariate correlation, t-tests, and multiple regressions. All parameters differed except for male and female athletes' age and training experience. Male athletes have higher maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) and PhA values than female athletes. BIA and PhA were differentially (small-medium) associated with absolute and relative VO2max in all athletes (p<0.05), whereas no correlation was found between both PhA and relative VO2max, respectively. The relationship between PhA and VO2max is more revealing, especially in male and female athletes. PhA and BIA have the potential to be used in the field by conditioning and trainers to assess aerobic endurance swiftly; this can aid in determining competition readiness, training progress, and monitoring the recovery of muscle performance following injury.
Investigation of Digital Game Playing Time and Motivation of Sport Sciences Students
Authors: CEBI Mehmet , INAC Yucel , CEBI Ali Ihsan
Published: March 2024

The aim of this study was to investigate the time spent playing digital games and the motivation of Sports Sciences students. A total of 192 students (122 males, 70 females) who are studying at the Faculty of Physical Education of Ondokuz Mayıs University Yasar Dogu took part in the study. The data collection instruments used in this study were the digital game playing motivation scale and the digital game playing attitude scale. For data analysis, SPSS 21 package was used. Independent samples t-test and ANOVA tests were used for data evaluation. Significance was set at 0.05 to compare all variables. There was no significant difference in attitude and motivation to play digital games according to gender, class, height, age and father's educational level among the students of Sports Sciences (p > 0.05). A significant difference was found between the behavioural sub-dimensions of attitude towards digital games and the curiosity and social acceptance sub-dimensions of motivation towards digital games according to the level of education of the mothers (p<0.05). As a result, the curiosity-social acceptance sub-dimensions of the digital game playing motivation scale increase as the level of parental education increases, according to the data obtained from the parental education variable. It can be said that students are influenced by extrinsic sources of motivation in line with their desires and needs in the direction of the target behaviour, as the level of curiosity-social acceptance increases.
A new common fixed point theorem on orthogonal metric spaces and an application
Authors: Touail Yousef , Jaid Amine , El Moutawakil Driss
Published: March 2024

Доказывается общий результат о неподвижной точке для самоотображений на ортогональных полных метрических пространствах, которые не обязательно полны.
В качестве приложения полученного результата найдено существование решений двух дифференциальных уравнений.
Can Leukocyte Telomere Length Predict Survival Time in Heart Transplant Recipients over a Minimal Follow-Up of 20 years?
Authors: Dlouhá Dana , Vančura V. , Vymětalová J. , Hubáček J. A. , Lánská V. , Málek I.
Published: March 2024

In humans, leukocyte telomere length (LTL) reduces with age and is reported to be inversely associated with ageing-related diseases. We measured LTL in leukocyte DNA using a quantitative PCRbased method from 127 blood samples of heart recipients (107 males, 20 females, age 44.1 ± 10.5), followed for up to 30 years. Patients with coronary artery disease survived for a shorter time and also had shorter LTL (both P < 0.05 after adjustment for age and sex) than subjects with dilated cardiomyopathy. Patients with non-cardiac causes of death had shorter LTL than patients with cardiac causes (P < 0.05 after adjustment for age). An inverse correlation between LTL and age (P < 0.03) was observed in patients with non-cardiac causes of death only. Most importantly, LTL was not associated with general survival time in patients after heart transplantation. However, shorter LTL was a marker of non-cardiac causes of death. Different LTLs and survival times were determined in association with aetiology of heart failure (HF).
Variational–hemivariational system for contaminant convection–reaction–diffusion model of recovered fracturing fluid
Authors: Cen Jinxia , Migórski Stanisław , Yao Jen-Chih , Zeng Shengda
Published: March 2024

This work is devoted to study the convection–reaction–diffusion behavior of contaminant in the recovered fracturing fluid which flows in the wellbore from shale gas reservoir. First, we apply various constitutive laws for generalized non-Newtonian fluids, diffusion principles, and friction relations to formulate the recovered fracturing fluid model. The latter is a partial differential system composed of a nonlinear and nonsmooth stationary incompressible Navier-Stokes equation with a multivalued friction boundary condition, and a nonlinear convection–reaction–diffusion equation with mixed Neumann boundary conditions. Then, we provide the weak formulation of the fluid model which is a hemivariational inequality driven by a nonlinear variational equation. We establish existence of solutions to the recovered fracturing fluid model via a surjectivity theorem for multivalued operators combined with an alternative iterative method and elements of nonsmooth analysis.
Montana as Place of (Un)Belonging: Landscape, Identity, and the American West in Bella Vista (2014)
Authors: Moradiyan-Rizi Najmeh
Published: March 2024

The American West is not just a geographical terrain but a mythical construct that occupies a powerful place in the popular imagination thanks to myriad literary and artistic works that have presented the region through specific archetypes emphasizing its vast ruggedness, white masculinity, and unique Americanness. In recent decades, revisionist scholarly and artistic works, however, have attempted to offer more nuanced perspectives on the region challenging its assumed homogenous history and fixed and stable identity. In particular, women filmmakers have recast the region through multifaceted representations underlining its complexity, diversity, and transnational dimensions. This article analyzes Vera Brunner-Sung’s film Bella Vista (2014) to examine how the film intervenes in previously constructed representations of the American West through its emphasis on transience, displacement, and belonging. Set and made in Montana, the film employs a “slow cinema” aesthetic to offer deep insights into the local and global dynamics of the place as well as the formation of identity and (un)belonging within a Western landscape. The film, as the article argues, provides a reconsideration of the West through diverse localities that are in constant relation with the outside and in turn have generated diverse individual experiences regarding the place.
Analysis of fellowship program director opinions of entrustable professional activities in adolescent medicine fellowship
Authors: Cifra Nicole , Pitts Sarah , Mink Richard , Schwartz Alan , Herman Bruce , Turner David A. , Yussman Susan
Published: March 2024

Objectives

This study aimed to explore the minimum entrustable professional activity (EPA) supervision levels at which pediatric fellowship program directors (FPDs) would be willing to graduate fellows and the levels deemed necessary for safe and effective practice for each of the common pediatric subspecialty and the four adolescent medicine-specific EPAs.

Methods

This cross-sectional study utilized survey data from pediatric FPDs in 2017. FPDs indicated the minimum level of supervision (LOS) for fellows at graduation and for safe and effective practice.

Results

82 percent (23/28) of adolescent medicine FPDs completed the survey. For each EPA, there were differences (p<0.05) between LOS expected for graduation and for safe and effective practice. There was also variability in the level at which FPDs would graduate fellows.

Conclusions

This study summarizes pediatric FPD opinions regarding the minimum levels of supervision required for fellows at the time of graduation as well as the levels deemed necessary for safe and effective practice. The difference between the minimum LOS at which FPDs would graduate a fellow and that deemed appropriate for safe and effective practice, along with variability in minimum LOS for graduation, highlight the need for clearer standards for fellowship graduation as well as more structured early career support for ongoing learning. These data highlight variability in FPD opinion regarding such expectations and both the need to better define desired training outcomes and potential need for post-graduation supervision in clinical practice.
The short- and long-term effect of osteopathic manipulative treatment on pain, and psychosocial factors in adults with chronic low back pain
Authors: Nicodemus Clarence L. , Epstein Jessica , Huebner Marianne , DeCicco Barry , Shaik Moaid
Published: March 2024

Context

Chronic low back pain (CLBP) has long plagued mankind, but little progress has been made in finding a rational and effective treatment, let alone a common cause. This study is an attempt to fill that void by measuring short- and long-term effects of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT), including psychosocial and pain reduction in CLBP patients.

Objectives

The objectives of this study were to investigate the effectiveness of neuromusculoskeletal medicine/osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM) in treating CLBP, with a focus on biopsychosocial (pain sensitivity questionnaire [PSQ]) and pain control in chronic conditions.

Methods

The study involved a large, single cohort observational design of 101 patients. The inclusion criteria for selecting patients targeted those with “nonspecific” CLBP. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Minimum Dataset for Chronic Low Back Pain (NMD) was the measurement tool and was administered at consent (baseline), 2, 4, and 8 weeks and at 6 and 12 months. Time trends were analyzed as overall mean. Pairwise differences were compared between time points. Mixed-effects models were utilized to test the association of time with pain and biopsychosocial scores.

Results

Pain and PSQ scores decreased over the study timeline. The most significant change for both pain and biopsychosocial scores occurred at 6 months compared to baseline, with a further reduction at 12 months.

Conclusions

OMT has been demonstrated to significantly reduce pain and psychosocial factors related to CLBP in both the short and long term.
CURRICULAR COM OS COTIDIANOS ESCOLARES
Authors: De Oliveira Delmondes Marina , Ferraço Carlos Eduardo
Published: March 2024

Este texto é fruto da pesquisa de doutorado, cujo objetivo foi pensar os múltiplos currículos praticados-inventados com os cotidianos escolares. Busca-se pensar na potência das pesquisas com os cotidianos e problematizar os processos constitutivos do necrogoverno em interface com o campo da educação. Conclui-se que para não sucumbir novamente ao fascismo é necessário estar a espreita dos acontecimentos cotidianos, tecer uma vida-educação coletiva com as escolas e praticar certa dose de desobediência para afirmar a potência da diferença.
Neuroanatomical Predictors of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS)-Induced Modifications in Neurocognitive Task Performance in Typically Developing Individuals
Authors: Gurr Caroline , Splittgerber Maike , Puonti Oula , Siemann Julia , Luckhardt Christina , Pereira Helena C. , Amaral Joana , Crisóstomo Joana , Sayal Alexandre , Ribeiro Mário , Sousa Daniela , Dempfle Astrid , Krauel Kerstin , Borzikowsky Christoph , Brauer Hannah , Prehn-Kristensen Alexander , Breitling-Ziegler Carolin , Castelo-Branco Miguel , Salvador Ricardo , Damiani Giada , Ruffini Giulio , Siniatchkin Michael , Thielscher Axel , Freitag Christine M. , Moliadze Vera , Ecker Christine
Published: March 2024

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive neuromodulation technique gaining more attention in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Due to the phenotypic heterogeneity of NDDs, tDCS is unlikely to be equally effective in all individuals. The present study aimed to establish neuroanatomical markers in typically developing (TD) individuals that may be used for the prediction of individual responses to tDCS. Fifty-seven male and female children received 2 mA anodal and sham tDCS, targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFCleft), right inferior frontal gyrus, and bilateral temporoparietal junction. Response to tDCS was assessed based on task performance differences between anodal and sham tDCS in different neurocognitive tasks (N-back, flanker, Mooney faces detection, attentional emotional recognition task). Measures of cortical thickness (CT) and surface area (SA) were derived from 3 Tesla structural MRI scans. Associations between neuroanatomy and task performance were assessed using general linear models (GLM). Machine learning (ML) algorithms were employed to predict responses to tDCS. Vertex-wise estimates of SA were more closely linked to differences in task performance than measures of CT. Across ML algorithms, highest accuracies were observed for the prediction ofN-back task performance differences following stimulation of the DLPFCleft, where 65% of behavioral variance was explained by variability in SA. Lower accuracies were observed for all other tasks and stimulated regions. This suggests that it may be possible to predict individual responses to tDCS for some behavioral measures and target regions. In the future, these models might be extended to predict treatment outcome in individuals with NDDs.
Identifikasi Sebaran Intrusi Air Laut di Sekitar Area Pelabuhan Internasional Kijing, Kabupaten Mempawah menggunakan Metode Resistivitas
Authors: Muslim Muslim , Azwar Azrul , Muhardi Muhardi
Published: March 2024

Penelitian intrusi air laut di daerah pesisir Desa Sungai Kunyit Laut, Kabupaten Mempawah telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode resistivitas konfigurasi Wenner–Schlumberger. Lokasi penelitian merupakan area di sekitar Pelabuhan Internasional Kijing, Propinsi Kalimantan Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan 4 lintasan dengan panjang masing-masing 114 m dan jarak antar leketroda sejauh 5 m. Keempat lintasan masing-masing mewakili area yang berbeda, yaitu kurang lebih 25 m, 150 m, 520 m, dan 1 km dari garis pantai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai resistivitas sebesar 0,262 - 7,36 Ωm dengan kedalaman 1,25 m hingga lebih dari 28,7 m. Lapisan bawah permukaan di lokasi penelitian diinterpretasi tersusun atas 3 lapisan yaitu lapisan akuifer dangkal berupa pasir, lapisan lempung, dan lapisan setengah kedap air (akuitar) berupa lempung pasiran, pasir lempungan dan kerikil. Lapisan diduga sebagai akuifer dangkal dengan litologi berupa pasir telah terintrusi air laut dan menyebar hingga lebih dari 1 km dari garis pantai.
The Content of Magnetic Material in Black Sand of Yeh Gangga Beach
Authors: Rachmawati Dewi Oktofa , Gunadi Gede Aris , Risha Nurfa , Suswandi Iwan
Published: March 2024

Yeh Gangga Beach is one of the black sand beaches in the Tabanan district. The abundant black sand on this beach stretches along the shoreline with varying grain sizes. This black sand characterizes the specific surface composition as iron sand deposits with high magnetic mineral content. The very high need and use of magnetic minerals in various fields prompt a study of the magnetic mineral content in the black sand of Yeh Gangga beach.The magnetic material content was determined by the extraction method which was expressed in terms of mass fraction. The grain size distribution was determined by the sieve method using a sieve shaker consisting of six mesh numbers, namely 30, 100, 170, 200, 270, and 325.The density of magnetic materials was determined by the principle of mass and volume ratio. The magnetic susceptibility was tested by using a Bartington MS2B susceptibility meter. Meanwhile, the characterization of the elements and their oxides used non-magnetic methods, namely the X-Ray Fluorescence test.The research results show that the magnetic material fraction of Yeh Gangga black sand reach 84.84% with 58.39% of the grains having sizes in the range 150r ≥90 μm. The magnetic susceptibility value is 28.26 10-6 m3/kg with an Fe element content of 85.15% w. The hematite (Fe2O3) content reaches 81.69%. This magnetic material has a density of 1914.43 kg/m3.
Classroom Occupancy Monitoring System using IoT Device and the k-Nearest Neighbors Algorithm
Authors: Fidarliyan Yarnish Dwi Sagita , Prasetijo Agung Budi , Eridani Dania
Published: March 2024

The occupancy monitoring system is one of the substantial aspects of building management. Through monitoring the occupancy in the area in a building, the obtained information can be used for building management purposes such as controlling indoor area air quality and improving building security. Some technologies such as video surveillance cameras, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), and motion sensors have been used in the occupancy monitoring system. However, those technologies pose several disadvantages including privacy concerns and limited information generated. A classroom occupancy monitoring system using an Internet of Things (IoT) device and the k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN) algorithm was built to monitor classroom occupancy by classifying the number of occupants based on classroom environmental data into occupancy levels by using the k-NN classifier model. By utilizing IoT devices, CO2, temperature, and humidity data in a naturally ventilated classroom were recorded using the MQ-135 and BME280 sensors, as well as WiFi-based NodeMCU, was used to distribute data to the cloud. The collected data were trained and tested by the k-NN algorithm to produce a k-NN classifier model. From the tests conducted, the performance of the k-NN classifier model in classifying the number of occupants into occupancy levels resulted in an accuracy of 88%. In addition, the proposed system also produces a web-based classroom occupancy monitoring application that has been integrated with the k-NN classifier model so the classification can be done for real-time data and monitored directly.
Leveraging Convolutional Neural Networks for Automated Detection and Grading of Diabetic Retinopathy from Fundus Images
Authors: Yamani Ibnu Uzail , Basari Basari
Published: March 2024

This study addresses the critical challenge of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) detection and severity grading, aiming to advance the field of medical image analysis. The research problem focuses on the need for an accurate and efficient model to discern DR conditions, thereby facilitating early diagnosis and intervention. Employing a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), our methodology is developed to strike a balance between precision and computational efficiency, a pivotal aspect in the context of healthcare applications.  The research leverages the APTOS 2019 dataset, a comprehensive collection of fundus photographs, to evaluate the efficacy of our proposed model. The dataset allows for a thorough investigation into the model's performance in binary-class and multi-class classifications, providing a robust foundation for analysis.  The most important result of our study manifests in the achieved accuracy rates of 98.67% and 87.81% for binary-class and multi-class classifications, respectively. These outcomes underscore the model's reliability and innovation, surpassing established machine learning algorithms and affirming its potential as a valuable tool for early DR detection and severity assessment.  In conclusion, the study marks a significant advancement in leveraging deep learning for ophthalmic diagnoses, particularly in the nuanced landscape of Diabetic Retinopathy. The implications of our findings extend to the broader realm of AI-driven healthcare solutions, presenting opportunities for enhanced clinical practices and early intervention strategies. Future research endeavors could explore further refinements to the model, considering additional datasets and collaborating with healthcare professionals for real-world validation, ensuring the continued progress of AI applications in the medical domain.
Implementasi Pendidikan Multikultural Pada Sekolah Islam Negeri Di Kota Wali
Authors: Muthohar Ahmad , Fatimah Nurul , Rini Hartati Sulistyo
Published: March 2024

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan konstruksi dan implementasi pendidikan mutikultural pada sekolah Islam di Demak ‘Kota Wali’. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang dilakukan di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Demak. Data dikumpulkan melalui metode observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) konstruksi pendidikan multikultural di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Demak ditekankan pada internalisasi nilai terutama oleh pendidik kepada peserta didik terkait pendidikan islam melalui aktivitas di dalam dan luar pembelajaran yang disesuaikan dengan latar belakang dan karakteristik dari kultur masyarakat Demak, (2) implementasi pendidikan multikultural pada Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Demak tercermin pada sikap dan perilaku peserta didik di lingkungan tempat tinggal melalui kegiatan-kegiatan positif, dan (3) penerapan nilai-nilai multikultural di lingkungan Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Demak dikontrrol dan didukung oleh seluruh komponen mulai dari karyawan, guru-guru, dan wali peserta didik serta para siswa sendiri. Dengan upaya tersebut pembelajaran agar dapat dimaksimalkan dengan baik.
Pengetahuan Mahasiswa Universitas Negeri Semarang Mengenai Gizi Minuman Herbal Thai Tea
Authors: Putri Oktama Alvina , Wicaksono Harto
Published: March 2024

Masalah kesehatan mahasiswa dapat disebabkan karena kebiasaan makan yang tidak memperhatikan gizi. Pengetahuan gizi merupakan pengetahuan yang penting untuk diketahui mahasiswa dalam pemilihan makanan dan minuman modern seperti Thai Tea. Uniknya, mahasiswa UNNES sering mengonsumsi Thai Tea namun tidak mengetahui khasiatnya untuk kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengetahuan gizi mahasiswa UNNES mengenai Thai Tea sebagai minuman herbal. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Kelompok Informan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 2 yaitu informan utama berjumlah 10 orang (mahasiswa) dan informan pendukung berjumlah 3 orang (owner Thai Tea). Untuk mengumpulkan data peneliti melakukan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mahasiswa UNNES tidak mengetahui Thai Tea sebagai minuman herbal yang memiliki khasiat untuk tubuh. Mahasiswa UNNES lebih mengetahui Thai Tea sebagai minuman teh moderen yang berasal dari Thailand. Mahasiswa UNNES juga tidak mengetahui rempah-rempah dalam serbuk teh hitam ChaTraMue. Mahasiswa UNNES lebih mengetahui bahan-bahan pemanis (gula, susu kental manis, creamer) yang ditambahkan dalam Thai Tea, sehingga mereka mengkonstruksi Thai Tea cenderung memiliki nilai gizi rendah dan berdampak negatif bagi kesehatan. Alasan mahasiswa UNNES mengonsumsi Thai Tea karena selera yaitu varian rasa Thai Tea beragam, harga terjangkau, kemasan yang safety dan menarik serta brand.
Konstruksi Identitas Mahasiswa melalui Organisasi Himpunan Mahasiswa (Studi Kasus HIMA Sosiologi dan Antropologi Universitas Negeri Semarang)
Authors: Afif Yahya , Rini Hartati Sulisyo , Prasetyo Kuncoro Bayu
Published: March 2024

Himpunan Mahasiswa merupakan wadah perkumpulan mahasiswa yang berbasis pada identitas program studi dan keilmuannya. Organisasi kemahasiswaan senantiasa memproduksi identitas para mahasiswanya dengan berbagai atribut yang melekat dengan cirikhas dan karakter organisasi. Artikel ini membahas mengenai proses konstruksi identitas mahasiswa Jurusan Sosiologi dan Antropologi melalui organisasi HIMA dan bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses konstruksi identitas serta respon para mahasiswa terhadap proses pembentukan identitas tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan analisis Teori Konstruksi Sosial Peter L Berger dan Thomas Luckmann. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Proses konstruksi identitas mahasiswa Jurusan Sosiologi dan Antropologi berlangsung dalam 3 tahapan yaitu tahap awal, tahap sentral, dan tahap akhir. Konstruksi identitas tersebut berlangsung secara formal maupun informal; (2) Bentuk identitas yang terbangun bercirikan semangat kekeluargaan dan solidaritas, namun diiringi adanya rasa inferior dalam berkompetisi, serta minim inisiatif akibat hegemoni tradisi senior. Identitas tersebut terbangun namun kurang terinternalisasi, sehingga menjadi identitas yang tidak tertanam dengan kuat (non-embedded indentity); (3) Terdapat variasi respon dalam proses konstruksi identitas yaitu respon penerimaan dan respon pengabaian. Variasi respon tersebut muncul sebagai konsekuensi bahwa masih terdapat gap antara mahasiswa fungsionaris dan non fungsionaris, dimana rasa memiliki organisasi hanya tertanam pada kalangan fungsionaris saja.
Relasi Sosial Pengusaha Pembuatan Conthong di Desa Ngeluk, Kecamatan Penawangan, Kabupaten Grobogan Semarang)
Authors: Safira Annisa Sofi , Gunawan Gunawan
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini dilatar balakangi dengan adanya aktivitas nyonthong di Desa Ngeluk serta hubungan pengusaha contong dengan para aktor yang terlibat di dalam usahanya. Para pengusaha conthong menjalin hubungan dengan beberapa aktor yang dirasa dapat bermanfaat dalam menunjang keberlagsungan industri rumahan conthong. Masyarakat Desa Ngeluk membuka usaha conthong didasari dengan adanya kebutuhan yang harus dipenuhi terutama untuk kebutuhan tiap hari. Untuk itu, usaha conthong merupakan suatu transformasi masyarakat perdesaan dari sektor pertanian ke sektor industri. Usaha conthong yang masih berkembang dilatar belakangi oleh relasi sosial yang dibangun oleh pengusahanya. Karena relasi sosial yang terbentuk menciptakan adanya suatu kerjasama yang dapat menunjang keberlangsungan industri rumahan conthong. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui keberadaan industri rumahan conthong, bentuk relasi sosial yang dibangun oleh pengusaha conthong dan mengetahui apakah relasi sosial memiliki pengaruh pada keberlangsungan usaha conthong di Desa Ngeluk. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Untuk menganalisis data penelitian ini menggunakan konsep relasi sosial dan modal sosial. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa bentuk relasi sosial yang dibangun oleh pengusaha conthong terdapat 5 bentuk, yaitu: pengusaha conthong dengan anggota keluarga, sesama pengusaha, bakul, penyedia bahan baku, dan pihak peminjam modal.
Influence of long-term operation on the properties of main gas pipeline steels. A review
Authors: Nyrkova L.I. , Osadchuk S.O. , Goncharenko L.V. , Rybakov A.O. , Kharchenko Yu. O.
Published: March 2024

Underground pipelines during operation are affected by mechanical and corrosive factors. The susceptibility of cathodically protected pipe to hydrogen degradation increases, which contributes to stress-corrosion cracking. It is believed that the main factor in pipeline steels degradation is deformation aging, which increases strength and reduces plasticity. Volume microdamages also develop in long-time exploited steels. But in many cases, the base metal and welded joints of long-term operated pipelines retain satisfactory performance. Due to the high value of viscosity and plasticity of the metal in an as-received state, the metal state of long-term operated gas pipelines can be considered satisfactory.
Improvement of aluminum properties by adding tungsten carbide using powder metallurgy
Authors: Majeed Z. N. , Darweesh S.Y. , Fadhil A.A. , Aziz A. F. A.
Published: March 2024

Powder metallurgy is a usable technique with multiple industrial applications. The first reinforcement material (Al2O3) was used at a constant rate 10wt.%, while the second reinforcement material (tungsten carbide (WC) was used at different rates (0,5,10,15,20wt.%), and the base material is (Al). The three powders were ground together for two hours, and then they were poured into the mold. The compaction process was done with a hydraulic press at (5) tons for one minute. The resulting samples had green density, requiring a thermal sintering process in order to increase their durability and hardness. The sintering process was performed at 560°C for only two hours. Then, structural examinations (scanning electron microscope (SEM) and mechanical examinations (Brinell hardness, compressive strength, and wear) were performed on the sintered samples. The results showed that the best reinforcement rate was 20%, and after thermal sintering, the best Brinell hardness was 146.72 HB, with the highest compressive strength of 45.33MPa, while the lowest wear rate was 1.18×10-8g/cm.
Understanding the limits of screening operation. Part 2: Characterizing the operational window
Authors: Villalba Miguel E. , Olson James A. , Martinez D. Mark
Published: March 2024

The limits of the pulp screening operation can be defined as the maximum throughput before the apertures start to plug permanently. This two-part article sought insights into the limits of screening operation. In part two, the operational window of the screen was characterized by performing a series of screening trials with different pulp furnishes, where the plugging point was conventionally measured with the pressure signal. The limits of operation, given by a slot velocity and rotor speed contour, showed a robust linear relationship at the point of plugging, which depended on the ratio of the fibre length to aperture size. For size ratios less than 1.5, the screen did not plug under the conditions tested. In addition, the plugging detection tool was conceptualized in part one based on the kurtosis of the distribution of fluctuation peaks, and it was employed here. Effectively, deviations from the Gaussian distribution of the pressure fluctuation peaks signal the onset of screen plugging. Thus, the utility of this tool was confirmed for detecting plugs using readily available pressure fluctuation data in pilot-scale screening operations.
Formulating tasks, interpretation, and planning the implementation of research results using artificial intelligence in medicine.
Authors:   Shupyk National Healthсare University of Ukraine, Ukraine, O Mintser
Published: March 2024

Strategic issues of artificial intelligence use in medicine are considered. Summarizing, as of today, AI supports doctors but does not replace them. It is emphasized that AI in healthcare typically solves important, but rather limited in scope, tasks. Difficulties in further implementation of AI are analyzed. The aim of the study was to address the analytical generalization of AI capabilities in healthcare, analyze the problems of using the Universum of medical-biological knowledge as a global unified resource, and conceptually justify the need to structure medical-biological knowledge, introducing fundamentally new forms of knowledge transfer in healthcare. Conclusions made: 1. The goal of AI implementation should be to find a delicate, mutually beneficial balance between its effective use and the judgments of trained doctors. This is extremely important, as artificial intelligence, which may practically fully replace the labour of doctors in the near future, today is an issue that might otherwise hinder obtaining benefits from it. 2. AI will become an integral part of future medicine. Therefore, it is important to teach the new generation of medical interns the concepts and principles of AI application, to function effectively in the workplace. It is extremely important to develop skills such as empathy in AI. 3. A systematic approach to the continuous improvement of diagnostic and treatment processes and systems for patients, first and foremost, requires bridging the gap between accumulated medical knowledge and the logic and results of AI use.