bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERFIL DE SENSIBILIDADE A ANTIMICROBIANOS POR COMPONENTES DA MICROBIOTA BACTERIANA ORAL E RETAL DE PRIMATAS NÃO HUMANOS
Authors: Silva Marcone Helmer , Dias Hilma Lúcia Tavares , Silva Filho Ednaldo da , Scalercio Sarah Raphaela Rocha de Azevedo , Silva Wellington Bandeira da , Espinheiro Roberto de Farias
Published: September 2019

Resumo Os objetivos desta pesquisa foram identificar bactérias isoladas da cavidade oral e da ampola retal de Saimiri collinsi e Callithrix jacchus e determinar a sensibilidade a 16 antimicrobianos. Trinta indivíduos de cada espécie foram analisados e foram isoladas 136 bactérias em C. jacchus e 84 em S. collinsi. As bactérias isoladas em maior número em S. collinsi foram Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Raoutella ornithinolytica, Staphylococcus xylosus e Proteus mirabilis. As bactérias isoladas em C. jacchus foram K. pneumoniae, E. cloacae, E. coli, Serratia marcescens e S. xylosus na cavidade oral e ampola retal. O teste de sensibilidade mostrou que, dentre as cepas isoladas, os maiores percentuais de resistência foram observados para ampicilina, amoxicilina, cefalotina e nitrofurantoína. Na cavidade oral de ambas as espécies as cepas foram sensíveis à ceftazidima, ceftriaxona, meropenem, amicacina, levofloxacina e a sulfametoxazol/trimetoprim. Na ampola retal, as isoladas foram sensíveis à cefoxitina, ceftazidima, ceftriaxona, ertapenem, meropenem, amicacina e levofloxacina. Conclui-se que as espécies de S. collinsi e C. jacchus apresentam sua microbiota oral e retal composta por várias espécies bacterianas e que a resistência pode ser um problema no criatório, uma vez que as cepas mostraram percentuais elevados de resistência a diferentes antimicrobianos.
ESTUDO DA TÉCNICA INTRACAPSULAR ASSISTIDA POR ARTROSCOPIA PARA O TRATAMENTO DA RUPTURA DO LIGAMENTO CRUZADO CRANIAL EM CADÁVERES DE CÃES
Authors: Tatarunas Angelica Cecilia , Matera Julia Maria , Miglino Maria Angelica , Pinto Ana Carolina Brandão Campos Fonseca , Lorigados Carla Aparecida Batista , Gomes Luanna Ferreira Fasanelo
Published: September 2019

Resumo O objetivo foi estudar e aprimorar a técnica intracapsular de reparação do ligamento cruzado cranial assistida por artroscopia em cadáveres de cães com a confecção dos túneis tibial e femoral e utilização de autoenxerto osso-tendão patelar-osso. Foram utilizados 10 membros pélvicos de cães > 20kg. Os túneis ósseos foram confeccionados de forma independente e na posição anatômica original dos locais de inserção do ligamento cruzado cranial. Foram realizados estudo radiográfico e tomográfico para avaliar a articulação. A coleta das porções ósseas do enxerto foi feita com osteótomo e martelo. Ocorreram fratura em três patelas e em três tuberosidades tibiais. Os enxertos apresentaram comprimento médio 7,56cm. Os túneis tibiais e os túneis femorais foram confeccionados no local de inserção do ligamento cruzado cranial em 80% e 90% das articulações, respectivamente. Os túneis tibiais apresentaram ângulo médio de 62,95º mensurado por tomografia computadorizada. Os túneis femorais foram confeccionados em posição 13hs para o joelho esquerdo (100%) e 11hs para o direito (100%). Ao final do procedimento, obteve-se gaveta negativo em 100% das articulações. Pode-se concluir que a técnica proposta é viável de ser realizada no cão, porém faz-se necessário instrumental específico devido ao pequeno tamanho da articulação canina para obter melhor acurácia.
FATORES DE RISCO E SINTOMATOLOGIA CLÍNICA ASSOCIADOS À INFECÇÃO PELO FELV: ESTUDO CASO-CONTROLE EM UM HOSPITAL ESCOLA VETERINÁRIO
Authors: Cobucci Gustavo Carvalho , Favarato Evandro Silva , Bevilacqua Paula Dias , Santiago Bruno
Published: September 2019

Resumo O objetivo do estudo foi identificar fatores de risco e características clínicas da infecção pelo vírus da leucemia felina (FeLV) em gatos domésticos (Felis catus) atendidos em um hospital escola veterinário. Para a determinação dos fatores de risco, foi realizado estudo caso-controle e para a caracterização da sintomatologia clínica dos animais doentes, foi realizado estudo descritivo. Foram avaliados 175 prontuários médicos de gatos atendidos no hospital durante o período de janeiro de 2013 a janeiro de 2014, sendo 34 animais (19,4%) positivos para o vírus. Foi observada associação entre idade e infecção pelo FeLV (p=0,009), em que a maior incidência da infecção ocorreu em animais com idade entre um e quatro anos. Neoplasias hematopoiéticas (p=0.00002), anemia (p<0,0000001), leucopenia (p=0,04) e hiperproteinemia (p=0,043) estiveram associadas com a FeLV. Sinais clínicos associados aos sistemas respiratório, digestório, tegumentar e nervoso estiveram presentes em 20,6%, 14,7%, 5,9% e 5,9%, respectivamente. Concluiu-se que a idade está associada à infecção pelo FeLV, sendo o grupo de animais entre um e quatro anos com maior risco, enquanto sexo e acesso à rua não são fatores de risco para a infecção. A infecção pelo FeLV está associada à anemia, leucopenia, neoplasias hematopoiéticas e hiperproteinemia.
EFFECTIVENESS OF TOBRAMYCIN AND CIPROFLOXACIN AGAINST BACTERIAL ISOLATES IN CANINE OTITIS EXTERNA IN UBERABA, MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Santos Jandra Pacheco dos , Ferreira Júnior Álvaro , Locce Carla Cunha , Brasão Silvia Cassimiro , Bittar Eustáquio Resende , Bittar Joely Ferreira Figueiredo
Published: September 2019

Abstract Canine otitis externa is a common and recurrent disease in domestic dogs. Although not being life threatening, it can result in the overuse of antibiotics, increased bacterial resistance and reduction of options for treatment. This study aimed to determine: the principal characteristics (age, race, and gender) of dogs affected by otitis externa; the most frequently bacteria identified as being associated with it and their antimicrobial resistance profiles. A total of 221 bacterial isolates were identified by morphological staining and biochemical processes and tested against eleven antibiotics. Among the 148 dogs diagnosed with otitis externa, 51.4% (76/148) were males and 48.6% (72/148) females. The cases were detected mainly in dogs with age above 7 years (54.7%; 81/148. Among the races examined, poodles were the most numerous (14.84%; 22/148). The most common bacteria found were: coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (StCN), 33.9% (75/221); coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (StCP), 19% (42/221); Proteus spp., 17.2% (38/221) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 9.5% (21/221). Simultaneous resistance to more than three classes of antimicrobials were most frequently detected in P. aeruginosa (61.9%; 13/21) and Proteus spp (39.47%; 15/38). According to data obtained from this study, two veterinary medications found to be most effective for topical treatment were tobramycin and ciprofloxacin.
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS FROM Commiphora leptophloeos (MART.) J. B. GILLETT AGAINST Staphylococcus SPP. ISOLATED FROM CASES OF MASTITIS IN RUMINANTS
Authors: Silva Isamara Ferreira da , Guimarães Amanda Leite , Amorim Vinícius Santana , Silva Telma Maria Guedes da , Peixoto Rodolfo de Moraes , Nunes Xirley Pereira , Silva Tânia Maria Sarmento , Costa Mateus Matiuzzi da
Published: September 2019

Abstract Considering the therapeutic potential of medicinal plants as alternatives to antibiotic therapy, the research aims to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Commiphora leptophloeos against isolates of Staphylococcus spp. from the milk of ruminants with subclinical mastitis. For this, the crude ethanolic extract from the bark and leaves of Commiphora leptophloeos was prepared, with these being chemically characterized by HPLC-DAD-MS and by MALDI-TOF. The extracts were then evaluated as to their antimicrobial effects against 60 isolates of Staphylococcus spp. through the broth microdilution technique to determine the minimum bactericidal concentration. In addition, the extracts were evaluated as to their ability to interfere with biofilm formation and with the already established biofilm. Although all tested extracts showed antimicrobial action, lower MBC values were recorded for the bark extract in the concentration 781.2 µg/mL (25/60). The extracts of the bark and leaves were able to interfere with the initial stages of biofilm formation, but there was no interference of the extract on the established biofilm. There was a high sensitivity of Staphylococcus spp. isolates from subclinical mastitis cases in ruminants when subjected to the extracts from bark and leaves of Commiphora leptophloeos, as well as regarding the ability of extracts to interfere in biofilm formation, indicating their potential in the use for ruminant mastitis therapy.
Fiber concentrates from asparagus by-products: Microstructure, composition, functional and antioxidant properties
Authors: Iwassa Isabela Julio , Piai Juliana Francis , Bolanho Beatriz Cervejeira
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT The by-product of asparagus processing has a high content of nutrients and bioactive compounds. Based on this, it becomes interesting to investigate treatment options to obtain a product with better nutritional quality, avoiding its waste and environmental impact. The aim of this study was to produce and characterize fiber concentrates from asparagus by-products. Water extraction treatments were realized in homogenizer (H), water bath (B), shaker (S) and ultrasound (U). One sample was not submitted to water extraction (control). All the products obtained were dried and milled before the characterization analysis. In relation to color, the concentrates obtained by U, H and S treatments had the highest luminosity (66.5 to 69.8). The index of water and oil absorption of the fiber concentrates ranged from 11.8 to 14.7 (g g-1) and 6.1 to 8.9 (g g-1), respectively. The analysis of scanning electron microscopy showed the effect of processing in the fibers present in the concentrates. The control had the highest content of ash (6.4 g 100 g-1), proteins (11.4 g 100 g-1), and reducing sugars (3.4 g 100 g-1), due to the water extraction realized in the other samples. The fiber concentrate obtained by ultrasound had the best proportion of soluble fiber to insoluble fiber and antioxidant potential similar to the control, so, among the treatments tested it is the most recommended to the formulation of functional food products.
Moisture sorption isotherms of sunflower seeds: Thermodynamic analysis
Authors: Campos Renata Cássia , Correa Paulo César , Zaidan Iasmine Ramos , Zaidan Úrsula Ramos , Leite Rildo Araújo
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT The study of the thermodynamic properties provides the knowledge of the sorbent affinity by the water and the spontaneity of the sorption process, important to design drying equipment and to predict hygroscopic behavior during storage. This work aimed to determine and evaluate isotherms of hygroscopic equilibrium and thermodynamic properties for different equilibrium conditions (water contents and temperatures) in sunflower seeds, using the indirect static method. Sunflower seeds with initial water content of 0.164 (decimal, dry basis - d.b.) were used. Fifteen mathematical models were tested for hygroscopic equilibrium modeling, and the Smith model presented the best fit. It was verified that the thermodynamic properties were influenced by the water content, the integral isosteric desorption heat increased with the decrease of the equilibrium water content, ranging from 1.787 to 2.670 kJ kg-1 to 0.198 to 0.0518 (decimal, d.b.), respectively, the desorption process of the sunflower seeds was controlled by the enthalpy and the Gibbs free energy, which varied from 3.6363 to 200.1730 kJ kg-1, was positive for the temperatures studied, with increase to during the desorption process, proving to be a non-spontaneous process.
Carioca bean genotypes for tolerance to grain darkening by natural and accelerated methods
Authors: Spitti Acácia Mecejana Diniz Souza , Carbonell Sérgio Augusto Morais , Dias Carlos Tadeu dos Santos , Sabino Luis Gustavo , Carvalho Cássia Regina Limonta , Chiorato Alisson Fernando
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT The slow darkening of grains is sought by bean breeders because the consumers consider that darker grains demand more time for cooking. The analysis currently used takes around 90 days to differentiate grain color among genotypes. The objective was to evaluate the color as a function of the value of L* (lightness) of carioca beans, by natural and accelerated methods to verify equivalence between methods, validation of the methodology and identification of genotypes tolerant to the darkening. The grain darkening was compared and evaluated by natural darkening method under shelf conditions, in days storage, and accelerated darkening method under ultraviolet light, in hours. The natural darkening time of 90 days was statistically equal to 24 hours of accelerated darkening, and the difference among the genotypes could be obtained in a shorter time, indicating a correspondence in the methods. The accelerated darkening method can be used to shorten the analysis time in the routine of breeding programs.
Estimates of soil losses by the erosion potential method in tropical latosols
Authors: Lense Guilherme Henrique Expedito , Parreiras Taya Cristo , Moreira Rodrigo Santos , Avanzi Junior Cesar , Mincato Ronaldo Luiz
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT Water erosion is one of the main problems faced in coffee cultivation, as it promotes environmental degradation and crop yield decrease. Erosion estimates support the planning of conservation management practices and allowing determining the rates of soil losses. Thus, the objective of this paper was to estimate the soil loss by water erosion using the Erosion Potential Method in a sub-basin predominantly covered by coffee cultivation and then to compare the results with the Soil Loss Tolerance limits. The study area is the Coroado Stream Sub-basin, located at Alfenas Municipality, south of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The sub-basin presented an Erosion Coefficient of 0.272, indicating a predominance of low-intensity erosion. The total soil loss estimate was 1,772.01 Mg year-1 with an estimated average of 1.74 Mg ha-1 year-1. Soil Loss Tolerance limits range from 4.75 to 7.26 Mg ha-1 year-1 and, according to the Erosion Potential Method, only 1.0% of the sub-basin presented losses above the limits. The areas with the highest slopes and bare soil concentrated the highest losses rates and should be prioritized in the adoption of mitigation measures. The Erosion Potential Method estimated soil losses in tropical edaphoclimatic conditions in a fast, efficiently and at low cost, supporting the adoption of conservation management practices.
Estimates of genetic parameters of pigments and agronomic traits in green and purple lettuce
Authors: Oliveira Alisson Henrique Gama de , Maciel Gabriel Mascarenhas , Siquieroli Ana Carolina Silva , Jacinto Ana Carolina Pires , Silveira Aline José da , Silva Ernani Clarete da
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT Understanding genetics and the gene interactions involved in the expression of certain characteristics becomes a determining factor for better exploration of its use. The development of breeding programs that combine one or more desirable trait into a single cultivar is directly impacted by this lack of knowledge of the genetic bases involved. The objective of the present study was to estimate the genetic parameters involved in pigment expression and agronomic characteristics in lettuce. Parental evaluations of lettuce, P1 (green) and P2 (purple) parental generations, the segregating generations F1 and F2, and the backcrosses Bc1 and Bc2 originating from the UFU-Crespa199#1#1 x UFU-Albina#2 crossing were evaluated. The chlorophyll and anthocyanin contents, number of leaves and plant diameter were evaluated. The study was conducted by testing all generations and the estimates obtained by averages and variances. Indications of polygenic or oligogenic inheritance were verified by the characteristic number of leaves, plant diameter, and anthocyanin content. The complete and additive-dominant models satisfactorily explained the performance of the variables, except the anthocyanin content.
Assistência em saúde bucal na percepção das pessoas com deficiência visual
Authors: Ortega Mariana Martins , Saliba Tânia Adas , Garbin Artênio José Ísper , Garbin Cléa Adas Saliba
Published: September 2019

Resumo Introdução A deficiência visual acomete aproximadamente 285 milhões de pessoas, em todo o mundo. A prestação de cuidados com a saúde bucal à pessoa com deficiência visual difere dos demais tendo em vista as suas limitações inerentes, as quais podem afetar o atendimento odontológico desses indivíduos. Objetivo Avaliar o acesso das pessoas com deficiência visual aos serviços de saúde bucal e a satisfação delas com o atendimento, além de verificar se há alguma relação com a condição econômica. Método Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa de caráter transversal, sendo a população de estudo formada por pessoas com deficiência visual de um instituto para cegos. Foi utilizado um questionário semiestruturado sobre o tema, cujas variáveis pesquisadas foram: acesso aos serviços de saúde bucal, satisfação e condição socioeconômica. Após a coleta, os dados foram tabulados pelo Epi Info 7.2. Resultados Do total de pesquisados (n=72), 65,28% são do sexo masculino, com idade média de 34,6 anos. Em relação ao acesso aos serviços de saúde bucal, 56,9% dos entrevistados relataram que a última visita ao dentista fazia menos de um ano e a maioria (84,3%) classificou o tratamento da última consulta como bom ou muito bom. O acesso aos serviços de saúde ocorreu tanto no sistema público quanto no privado, independentemente da classe econômica do pesquisado (p=0,174). Conclusão Apesar dos resultados positivos em relação ao acesso e ao atendimento odontológico às pessoas com deficiência visual, se fazem necessárias a criação e a ampliação de políticas de inclusão e de acessibilidade.
Estudo de 19 anos dos procedimentos odontológicos realizados no Sistema Único de Saúde brasileiro
Authors: Chisini Luiz Alexandre , Martin Alissa Schmidt San , Pires Ana Luiza Cardoso , Noronha Thaís Gioda , Demarco Flávio Fernando , Conde Marcus Cristian Muniz , Correa Marcos Britto
Published: September 2019

Resumo Introdução A saúde pública no Brasil sofreu grandes mudanças nas últimas décadas. Objetivo Descrever o panorama da produção odontológica realizada pelo SUS de 1999 a 2017 no Brasil e suas macrorregiões. Método Os dados foram obtidos no Sistema de Informação Ambulatorial (SIA-SUS) e do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). Foram criadas taxas de procedimentos (por 100 mil habitantes/ano) realizados em cada macrorregião: procedimentos restauradores, protéticos, coletivos, endodontia, exodontia, periodontia e preventivos de 1999 a 2017. A análise estatística das séries temporais foi realizada utilizando um modelo de regressão linear. Resultados Procedimentos protéticos e de periodontia foram os únicos que apresentaram uma tendência linear positiva em todas as macrorregiões brasileiras (p<0,001). A Endodontia não apresentou tendência positiva no Brasil (p=0,173). Restaurações apresentaram um crescimento na macrorregião Norte (p=0,003) e Centro-Oeste (p<0,001). Exodontias apresentaram na macrorregião Norte uma tendência de aumento (p=0,046) enquanto que, no Centro-Oeste, apresentaram uma diminuição (p=0,049). Procedimentos preventivos (p=0,042) e coletivos (p=0,017) apresentaram uma diminuição da sua produção durante o período. Conclusão A saúde bucal apresentou um grande crescimento dentro do Sistema Único de Saúde nos 19 anos avaliados. Procedimentos de periodontia e de prótese dentária foram aqueles com as maiores tendências de crescimento.
Análise descritiva dos gastos com internações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária
Authors: Morimoto Tissiani , Costa Juvenal Soares Dias da
Published: September 2019

Resumo Introdução O financiamento é um problema presente em toda a história do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) brasileiro. Os gastos em saúde no Brasil sempre foram insuficientes para se assegurarem os princípios do SUS. Objetivo Analisar os gastos com internações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária (ICSAP) e seu impacto nas despesas de saúde. Método Este estudo analisou as despesas com saúde no município de São Leopoldo-RS, no período de 2003 a 2012. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico utilizando dados disponíveis no Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde, por meio do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares, e no Sistema de Informações sobre Orçamentos Públicos em Saúde. Resultados São Leopoldo apresentou aumento de 70,91% nas despesas totais com saúde no período, de 58,52% nos gastos per capita e de apenas 21,75% nas despesas com atenção primária à saúde (APS). Os gastos com ICSAP aumentaram 16,30% e os gastos totais com internações diminuíram 3,54%. Ao se comparar com as despesas totais com saúde, os gastos com ICSAP representaram 2,57% em 2003 e 1,75% em 2012. Conclusão Encontrou-se aumento do gasto per capita em saúde, porém ainda insuficiente. Os valores gastos com as ICSAP poderiam representar expressiva economia ao sistema de saúde.
Prevalência de incapacidades e aspectos associados em mulheres com câncer de colo do útero, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
Authors: Castaneda Luciana , Bergmann Anke , Castro Shamyr , Koifman Rosalina
Published: September 2019

Resumo Introdução O câncer do colo do útero é o terceiro tipo de câncer mais comum entre as mulheres em todo o mundo. Sua incidência é consideravelmente mais alta em países de baixa e média renda. Objetivo Verificar a prevalência de incapacidade em mulheres com câncer do colo do útero (CCU) utilizando a Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF) como referência. Método Estudo observacional transversal realizado com mulheres com CCU em tratamento em um hospital de referência no Rio de Janeiro. Foi aplicado o checklist da CIF e um instrumento específico de avaliação da qualidade de vida (FACT-Cx - Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Cervix Cancer). Resultados Foram incluídas no estudo 116 mulheres. A maior parte foi diagnosticada no estádio IB, e mais da metade recebeu como tratamento a quimioterapia conjugada com radioterapia. A maior prevalência de incapacidade foi encontrada para a deficiência das estruturas do sistema reprodutivo (96,6%), seguido de problemas nas funções da energia e do impulso (70,3%), funções emocionais (70,7%) e limitação para carregar e transportar objetos (67,2%). O domínio do bem-estar emocional foi o mais comprometido de acordo coma análise realizada pelo FACT-Cx. Conclusão A prevalência de incapacidade em mulheres com CCU foi elevada para todos os componentes da CIF, refletindo o impacto tanto da doença quanto do seu tratamento na funcionalidade. A abordagem biopsicossocial deve ser incorporada nas rotinas de planejamento do cuidado oncológico para mulheres com câncer do colo do útero.
Use of infrared thermography in Quarter Horse submitted to team roping
Authors: Gerardi Bianca , Denadai Daniela S. , Pereira Mariana S. , Chaves Arthur A. , Barbosa João P.B. , Peiró Juliana R. , Feitosa Francisco L.F. , Mendes Luiz C.N.
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to verify whether the body and local temperatures change after high-intensity, short-duration exercise (team roping) and whether different pieces of training influence these changes. To this end, twelve animals, males and females, aged 3-6 years, with an average weight of 450 kg, were used. The horses were divided into two groups: regular training (RTG) and sporadic training (STG). The surface temperatures were assessed using a specific thermal camera. Temperatures of the ocular, thoracolumbar, distal tendon (thoracic and pelvic limbs) and croup regions were measured 30 min before, immediately after, and one, two, six and 24 hours after competition simulation. In the RTG, there was an increase in surface eye temperature two hours after exercise, returning to baseline level 24 hours later. In the STG, increase in eye temperature occurred immediately after exercise and returned to baseline level two hours later. Temperature of the pelvic limb tendons and croup (right side) rose immediately after exercise and did not return to baseline level 24 hours later. Team roping exercise increased the surface temperature of the distolateral thoracic and pelvic limb, croup and thoracolumbar regions in both groups and the eye temperature in the STG. Training frequency influenced the surface temperature profile in the distolateral pelvic limb, croup and thoracolumbar regions.
Causes of mortality of seabirds stranded at the Northeastern coast of Brazil
Authors: Mariani Daniela B. , Almeida Bruno J.M. , Febrônio Andrei D.M. , Vergara-Parente Jociery E. , Souza Francisco A.L. , Mendonça Fábio S.
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT: The aim of this work was to determine the main species of stranded seabirds at the Northeastern coast of Brazil in addition to the most frequent causes of stranding and mortality. The study was conducted in a monitored area for three years (2012-2014), from the coastline of south Alagoas through north coast of Bahia encompassing 254km of coast. The seabirds found alive during the monitoring were sent to rehabilitation, clinically examined and the carcasses were removed, necropsied and histopathologically analyzed. A total of 1.347 seabirds were found stranded. Of these, 378 were found alive and sent to rehabilitation. From the 969 dead seabirds 806 were unsuitable for necropsy, being only 163 submitted to necropsy and histopathological analysis. Calonectris borealis, Puffinus gravis and Puffinus puffinus were the main seabirds stranded in the studied area. Most stranding occurred from March to June with an increase during April and May for the most species of seabirds. The main clinical signs of stranded seabirds consisted of inappetence, apathy, low body score, hypothermia, flying or movement difficulty and prolonged recumbency. Natural causes followed by infectious diseases and anthropogenic environmental factors were the main causes of death of seabirds stranded on the Northeastern coast of Brazil.
Morphology and biometry of the reproductive organs of adult males of Trachemys scripta elegans reared in São Paulo state, Brazil
Authors: Gradela Adriana , Pires Isabelle Caroline , Faria Marcelo D. , Matos Maria Helena T. , Costa Mateus M. , Souza Rita Kayla C. , Milanelo Liliane , Franzo Vanessa S.
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT: Trachemys scripta elegans is an American underwater chelonian illegally marketed in Brazilian pet shops. When abandoned in nature, it compromises native species, threatening local biodiversity. However, little is known about the body development and structure of its reproductive tract. The objective of the present study was to investigate the morphology and biometry of testis, epididymis and penis, as well as the biometry of the body and secondary sexual characters in this species. Twenty-seven adult males were used aiming to contribute to preservation actions in captivity, population control, and scientific research, as well as to interspecific comparisons. Sex identification by the third claw length was effective, and the specimens presented harmonious and positive body development between mass, carapace, plastron, and height, with unimodal tendency and higher frequency of maximum carapace length at 15cm. The testes and epididymides presented biometric similarity between the antimeres and anatomical and histological structure similar to that of other species of chelonians and mammals, except for the type of epithelium. The findings suggest that there is conserved morphology between slider turtles and homology in relation to mammals. Histological similarity to the reproductive organs of other amniotes, including humans, may give rise to scientific and comparative studies, essential for the establishment of conservation strategies in reptiles.
Oral lesions and retroviruses in shelter cats
Authors: Silva Ana Paula da , Flores Mariana , Mazaro Renata , Luz Flavia da , Silva Marcia , Fighera Rafael A.
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT: Oral lesions are common problems in feline medicine worldwide, and may be associated with different causes, such as infectious agents. There are only a few studies reporting the chief oral diseases and the results for retrovirus tests in shelter cats in Brazil, especially in the South region. This study aimed to identify the main inflammatory oral lesions in shelter cats and verify the test results for feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infections. Forty-three felines from private shelters in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul state (RS) that presented clinically evident oral lesions, regardless of age, breed, sex, and neuter status, were used in this survey. Serological tests for FIV and FeLV were performed in all cats, and data regarding the rearing system were collected. Sixteen cats (37.2%) were reared in a free system, whereas 27 (62.8%) were kept under a restrict system. Of the 43 cats with oral lesions, 29 (67.44%) presented only one type of lesion, characterized as periodontitis (n=22, 51.16%), followed by gingivitis (n=6, 13.95%), and stomatitis (n=1, 2.32%). Concomitant stomatitis and periodontitis were found in the 14 remaining cats (100%). With respect to the test results for retrovirus infections, nine (20.93%) of the 43 felines were positive for FIV alone. Co-infection with both viruses was observed in seven cats (16.28%). No cat was seropositive for FeLV valone. None of the six cats that presented gingivitis was positive for FIV and FeLV; one cat with stomatitis was positive for FIV and FeLV; of the 22 cats with periodontitis, six (27.27%) were FIV positive and two (9.09%) were FIV/FeLV positive; and of the 14 cats that presented stomatitis and periodontitis, three (21.43%) were FIV positive and four (28.57%) were FIV/FeLV positive. As for diagnosis, 28 cats (65.1%) presented solely periodontal disease (PD), one cat (2.32%) had feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCG) alone, and 14 (32.5%) had both PD and FCG. The results obtained show that the main oral lesions found in shelter cats in the central region of RS were gingivitis, stomatitis, and periodontitis. Periodontitis, in association or not with stomatitis, was the most frequently observed oral cavity lesion in FIV- and/or FeLV-positive cats. Other factors may contribute to installation of inflammatory oral diseases in shelter cats because most cats with oral cavity lesions tested negative for retrovirus infections.
Subgingival bacterial microbiota associated with ovine periodontitis
Authors: Silva Natália S. , Borsanelli Ana Carolina , Gaetti-Jardim Júnior Elerson , Schweitzer Christiane Marie , Silveira José Alcides S. , Bomjardim Henrique A. , Dutra Iveraldo S. , Barbosa José D.
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT: Periodontitis is an inflammatory response in a susceptible host caused by complex microbiota, predominantly composed of Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria. Aiming to characterize the subgingival bacterial microbiota associated with ovine periodontitis, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed in subgingival periodontal pocket samples of 14 sheep with severe periodontitis and in subgingival sulcus biofilm of 14 periodontally healthy sheep in search mainly of Gram-negative and Gram-positive microorganisms considered important periodontopathogens. The most prevalent bacteria in the sheep with periodontal lesions were Tannerella forsythia (78.6%), Treponema denticola (78.6%), Fusobacterium nucleatum (64.3%), and Porphyromonas gingivalis (50%), whereas in the healthy sheep, F. nucleatum (42.8%) was the most often detected bacterium. Statistically significant differences were observed for Campylobacter rectus, Enterococcus faecium, Prevotella nigrescens, T. forsythia, and T. denticola (p<0.05) in the sheep with periodontitis in the comparison between groups. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Enterococcus faecalis, and Porphyromonas gulae were not detected in any of the samples analyzed. In conclusion, C. rectus, E. faecium, P. nigrescens, T. forsythia, and T. denticola were associated with severe lesions caused by ovine periodontitis, and F. nucleatum was the most prevalent microorganism in the subgengival sulcus biofilm of healthy sheep.
Clinical and blood gas analysis of calves conceived by artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization and animal cloning
Authors: Dantas Gabriela N. , Santarosa Bianca P. , Benesi Fernando J. , Santos Vitor Hugo , Gonçalves Roberto C.
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT: In order for successful extra-uterine adaptation to occur, it is necessary for the neonate to be able to establish its respiratory functions effectively, guaranteeing efficient oxygenation and good vitality. Respiratory disorders are the major cause of death during the neonatal period in cattle, and this mortality is even more significant when it comes to calves originated by in vitro fertilization (FIV) or animal cloning (CA). Blood gas analysis assesses acid-base balance changes effectively, and when associated with the neonate’s clinical examination, provides subsidies for accurate diagnosis and early treatment of neonatal maladaptation. The objective of this study was to study neonates born from artificial insemination (IA) and to compare them to calves conceived by FIV and CA, regarding blood gas and clinical examination. For that, 20 AI calves, 15 FIV calves, and 15 cloned calves were evaluated immediately after calving and at 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours of life. At all experimental times, venous blood samples were collected for blood gas and clinical examination was performed. In the postpartum evaluation, Apgar score and column length and respiratory amplitude measurements were used. IVF animals showed no alterations, resembling Group IA calves. The calves from CA showed more pronounced acidosis postpartum than expected physiological acidosis mixed for neonates, with decreasing values of bicarbonate (HCO3-), and base excess (BE) and the increase in carbon dioxide pressure (PCO2) when compared to the other groups. This disorder may have reflected lower mean values of Apgar scores and increased heart and respiratory rates. Intensive follow-up of these neonates is suggested, with monitoring by clinical and hemogasometric examination for early diagnosis of this condition and treatment based on oxygen therapy and bicarbonate replacement.
Canine lymphomas diagnosed in southern Brazil from 2000 to 2017: epidemiology and immunophenotype
Authors: Coelho Ana Carolina B. , Echenique Joanna V.Z. , Lemos Bianca S. , Estima-Silva Pablo , Sallis Eliza Simone V. , Raffi Margarida B. , Schild Ana Lucia
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT: Lymphoma is a neoplasm that originates from solid hematopoietic tissues and is one of the most common tumors in dogs. The goal of the present study was to perform a retrospective study of canine lymphomas diagnosed at the “Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico”, at the “Faculdade de Veterinária” of the “Universidade Federal de Pelotas” (LRD-UFPel) from 2000 to 2017, to determine the epidemiology and anatomical distribution, and to evaluate the histopathological and immunohistochemical aspects of each case according to the adapted Kiel classification. The protocols for necropsies and biopsies in the laboratory were reviewed. Lymphoma was diagnosed in 77 dogs. Approximately 37.7% (29/77) of affected dogs had no defined breed, while dogs with defined breeds accounted for 58.4% (45/77) of the diagnoses. The occurrence in males (40/77) was slightly higher than that in females (36/77), and the mean age was 8.1 years (1.4-17 years). The most affected age group was between six and 10 years of age with 31 cases (40.2%). Regarding the anatomical classification, the multicentric form was the most prevalent, accounting for 71.4% (55/77) of the diagnoses. In 40 cases that immunophenotyping was performed, B-cell lymphomas represented 62.5% of the diagnoses (25/40), while T-cell lymphomas corresponded to 37.5% of the diagnoses (15/40). The degree of malignancy according to the modified Kiel classification was low in 35% of lymphomas (14/40) and high in 65% of cases (26/40). The multicentric form was more frequent in the region of influence of the LRD-UFPel. Identification of the immunophenotype can improve the quality of life and survival in affected dogs since it allows the most appropriate treatment for each patient.
Equine pythiosis in the eastern wetlands of Uruguay
Authors: Romero Agustín , García Juan , Balestié Sofía , Malfatto Felipe , Vicentino Alejandra , Sallis Elisa Simone V. , Schild Ana Lucia , Dutra Fernando
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT: Equine pythiosis is an ulcerative and granulomatous disease of the skin, caused by the oomycete Pythium insidiosum (Pythiaceae). The objective of this study was to describe seven cases of equine pythiosis that occurred from 2012 to 2017 in the eastern region of Uruguay. Six of the seven cases occurred in the eastern wetland ecosystems of the Merin basin, and the remaining case occurred in the wetland fluvial plains of the Tacuarembó River. Lesions consisted of a large, rapidly growing ulcerated tumor with abundant granulation tissue, serosanguineous secretion, and fistulous tracts containing large concretions or kunkers. The animals presented intense pruritus, claudication and loss of body condition, with death or euthanasia in extremis in six cases. The main histological lesions consisted of an eosinophilic and pyogranulomatous inflammatory process, with numerous foci of eosinophilic necrosis (kunkers), collagenolysis, and a Splendore-Hoeppli reaction. In all cases, silver coloration (Grocott) showed intralesional hyphae compatible with P. insidiosum, which was confirmed by immunohistochemistry in three cases. A horse in the terminal phase of the disease was treated with triamcinolone acetonide (50mg IM every 15 days), and fully recovered after 1 year. It is concluded that equine pythiosis is prevalent in the wetland ecosystems of eastern Uruguay and that treatment with triamcinolone is auspicious.
Clostridial diseases diagnosed in cattle from the South of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. A forty-year survey (1978-2018) and a brief review of the literature
Authors: Santos Bianca L. , Ladeira Silvia R.L. , Riet-Correa Franklin , Soares Mauro P. , Marcolongo-Pereira Clairton , Sallis Eliza Simone V. , Raffi Margarida B. , Schild Ana Lucia
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT: Clostridial diseases are important causes of livestock losses in the southern Rio Grande do Sul. Since 1978 annual surveys conducted at the “Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico” of the “Universidade Federal de Pelotas” (LRD-UFPel) have shown that clostridial diseases represent 10.40% of the bacterial diseases diagnosed in cattle and 1.65% of all diseases diagnosis in cattle over a 40-year period. The purpose of this study is to review the clinical, epidemiological and pathological aspects of the clostridial diseases diagnosed in cattle from January 1978 to December 2018 at the LRD-UFPel in the hopes that it will constitute a useful guide for field veterinary practitioners and interested farmers. We assessed and review the necropsy protocols of 6,736 cattle; these necropsies were performed either by LRD-UFPel faculty or by field veterinary practitioners; 111 outbreaks (1.65%) were diagnosed as clostridial disease, distributed as follows: 35 outbreaks of tetanus, 34 of blackleg, 23 of bacillary hemoglobinuria, 11 of malignant edema (gas gangrene), and eight of botulism. Approximately 904, from a total of 42,480 cattle at risk, died in these outbreaks.
Dirofilaria immitis infection in dogs in Algodoal Island, Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Moreira Hanniele R. , Madeira Ene A.O. , Cunha Dalvarina N. Lima , Scofield Alessandra , Góes-Cavalcante Gustavo , Abel Isis , Guimarães Ricardo J.P.S. , Fernandes Julio I.
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT: Dirofilaria immitis, a parasite that mainly infects domestic or wild canids, but can infect felines or humans as well, is frequent in many Brazilian areas. The main objective of this research was to determine the prevalence of natural canine infection at the Algodoal-Maiandeua Island complex, in the coastal region of the state of Pará, Brazil. A total of 67 dogs were sampled for blood microfilariae detection and for D. immitis DNA detection. Microfilaria and D. immitis DNA could be detected in 35.8% (24/67) of the animals. In one dog’s sample no microfilariae were detected, but the PCR was positive, suggesting that either larvae recently were eliminated or adults died shortly before sample collecting. Therefore, it can be concluded that the occurrence of D. immitis is a health threat for domestic and wild canids at the Island of Algodoal, as well as for feline or human health.
Development of the urinary system in guinea pig females (Cavia porcellus)
Authors: Santos Amilton C. , Lisboa-Neto Antônio F.S. , Silva Ingrid K.L. , Pereira Helton C.S. , Silveira Júlia M. , Silveira Erick E. , Vasconcelos Bruno G. , Assis-Neto Antônio C.
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT: Guinea pigs are animal models widely used in research related to developmental biology. The objective of this work was to demonstrate the process of formation and differentiation of urinary organs in females of the species in the prenatal period. Four females were used at 25, 30, 45 and >65 DG (days of gestation). The animals were dissected, and then macroscopic and microscopic descriptions of the urinary organs were performed. At 25 DG metanephros were present in the urogenital crest into the abdominal cavity. Collecting ducts and glomerular precursor cells could be visualized. After this period, metanephros underwent microstructural modifications to form the kidneys at the end of the prenatal period. After 30 DG, the renal parenchyma already had a cortex, where the glomerulus and proximal convoluted tubules were present; and the medulla, where distal convoluted tubules, collecting ducts, and pelvis were present. The pelvis of each kidney was drained by the ureters. The ureters also underwent tissue differentiation to be differentiated (mucosa with transitional epithelium and lamina propria of connective tissue, muscular, and adventitia) at the end of the prenatal period. The urinary vesicle also underwent tissue changes to form the tunics similar to those found in the ureters, with emphasis on the greater volume of the muscular tunica and the lamina propria that constituted the submucosa in this organ. The pelvic urethra was evidenced by a mucosa lined by transitional epithelium, submucosa, muscular and adventitia. Finally, a partial clitoral urethra and a urethral meatus in the prepuce of the clitoris were also evidenced. The urethral channel began to form with the emergence of the urethral plate and the urethral groove at 30 DG and thereafter with the fusion of the urethral folds to form a partially channeled urethra in the clitoris. A urethral meatus was observed in the most distal portion of the clitoral tissue, formed by the fusion of the prepuce. It is concluded that the urinary organs of guinea pig have similar development to that described in domestic animals, except for the partial clitoral urethra and evident urethral meatus.
Clinical-epidemiological, anatomic-pathological, histochemical and immunohistochemical characterization of renal cystadenocarcinoma-nodular dermatofibrosis syndrome in 11 German Shepherd dogs
Authors: Thompson Ruth Pamela M. , Lamego Eryca C. , Melo Stella Maris P. , Irigoyen Luiz Francisco , Fighera Rafael A. , Kommers Glaucia Denise
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT: Eleven cases of renal cystadenoma/cystadenocarcinoma-nodular dermatofibrosis syndrome (RCND) are described in German Shepherd dogs diagnosed from January 1994 to January 2018 at the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory of the “Universidade Federal de Santa Maria” (LPV-UFSM). The study sample was composed of eight male and three female dogs at a ratio of 2.67:1. Age ranged from six to 12 years (mean=8.7 years). The main clinical signs reported in descending order of frequency were multiple cutaneous nodules (nodular dermatofibrosis), dyspnea, anorexia, weight loss, recurrent hematuria, vomiting, and polydipsia. Results demonstrated that it is not always easy to clinically recognize this syndrome, but its peculiar anatomical-pathological characteristics allow safe diagnosis. Histologically, it was possible to detect all phases (cysts, papillary intratubular hyperplasia, and cystadenomas or cystadenocarcinomas) of a possible pathological continuum of the renal lesions. Uterine leiomyomas were observed in only one of the cases. Through histochemical techniques, it was possible to identify the presence of type I collagen in both cutaneous and renal lesions and consider its possible involvement in the pathogenesis of renal cystadenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) showed partially satisfactory results in the staining of epithelial cells of renal cysts and neoplasms for pan-cytokeratin.
Respiratory muscle strength and lung function in the stages of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Santos Rejane Barreto dos , Fraga Anderson Santos , Coriolano Maria das Graças Wanderley de Sales , Tiburtino Bruna Ferreira , Lins Otávio Gomes , Esteves Ana Cristina Falcão , Asano Nadja Maria Jorge
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate parameters of lung function and respiratory muscle strength in different stages of Parkinson’s disease (PD), as well as to determine their correlation with motor function and quality of life. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at a referral center for PD in the city of Recife, Brazil. Respiratory muscle strength and lung function, as well as their relationship with motor function and quality of life, were evaluated in patients with PD, stratified by the level of severity, and were compared with the data obtained for a control group. After confirming the normality of data distribution, we performed one-way ANOVA with a post hoc t-test. Results: The sample comprised 66 individuals, in two groups: PD (n = 49) and control (n = 17). All of the parameters investigated showed inverse correlations with PD severity, and there were significant differences among the levels of severity, as well as between the PD and control groups, in terms of the MIP, MEP, FVC, FEV1, and FEF25-75%. The lung function parameters also showed moderate to weak inverse correlations with bradykinesia and rigidity. On a quality of life questionnaire, the total score and mobility domain score both presented a moderate inverse correlation with FVC, FEV1, PEF, and MEP. Conclusions: Respiratory muscle strength and some lung function parameters are impaired from the early stages of PD onward, bradykinesia and rigidity being the cardinal signs that correlate most strongly with impairment of those parameters. Such alterations negatively affect the quality of life of patients with PD.
Os dados nucleares da Agência Internacional de Energia Atômica (IAEA) como aporte científico no Ensino de Física Nuclear
Authors: Orengo Gilberto , Schäffer Decio
Published: September 2019

Resumo Neste artigo, é apresentada uma sugestão de atividade de ensino de Física Nuclear, na qual são utilizados dados nucleares da Agência Internacional de Energia Atômica (IAEA), tendo como eixo motivador a compreensão da física da Terapia por Captura de Nêutrons pelo Boro (BNCT). A fissão nuclear induzida por nêutrons, da reação 5 10 B ( n , α ) 3 7 Li, e o decaimento gama são os processos analisados na BNCT, com abordagens metodológicas, tanto de caráter quantitativo como qualitativo, para auxiliar na compreensão dos aspectos conceituais relativos à energia da reação, aos produtos da fissão – divididos em dois diferentes conjuntos energéticos de partículas –, e à radiação gama, oriunda do decaimento radioativo do estado isomérico do Li-7.