bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A high triglyceride-glucose index associated with adverse cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic total occlusion after percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Lin Xiao Long , Li Qiu Yu , Zhao Dong Hui , Liu Jing Hua , Fan Qian
Published: February 2023

Triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) is a reliable surrogate marker of insulin resistance, associated with morbidity and prognosis of cardiovascular disease. However, its predictive value for cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic total occlusion (CTO) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has not been studied. Here, we retrospectively enrolled 681 patients with T2DM and CTO after PCI. Patients were divided into two groups based on a median TyG index of 9.02. The TyG index was calculated as ln [fasting triglyceride (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2]. The primary observational end point was the composite of overall death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and unplanned revascularization. The Multivariate Cox hazards regression analysis showed that the TyG index was significantly correlated with the primary end point (hazard ratio = 1.699, 95% confidence interval 1.254–2.303, p = 0.001). The addition of TyG to a baseline risk model had an incremental effect on the predictive value for the primary end point (area under the curve: TyG index vs baseline model, 0.693 vs 0.663, comparison p = 0.040; integrated discrimination improvement = 0.049, p = 0.020). The TyG index might be a predictor of adverse cardiovascular events. Moreover, adding the TyG index into a baseline risk model had a cumulative effect on the predictive potential for the primary end point.
Using a Range of Communication Tools to Interview a Hard-to-Reach Population
Authors: Harvey Orlanda , van Teijlingen Edwin , Parrish Margarete
Published: February 2023

Online communication tools are increasingly being used by qualitative researchers; hence it is timely to reflect on the differences when using a broad range of data collection methods. Using a case study with a potentially hard-to-reach substance-using population who are often distrustful of researchers, this article explores the use of a variety of different platforms for interviews. It highlights both the advantages and disadvantages of each method. Face-to-face interviews and online videos offer more opportunity to build rapport, but lack anonymity. Live Webchat and audio-only interviews offer a high level of anonymity, but both may incur a loss of non-verbal communication, and in the Webchat a potential loss of personal narrative. This article is intended for sociologists who wish to broaden their methods for conducting research interviews.
Effect of ceiling fan in mitigating exposure to airborne pathogens and COVID-19
Authors: Pandey Brijesh , Saha Sandip K , Banerjee Rangan
Published: February 2023

Ceiling fans are the ubiquitously used electrical appliance in indoor spaces that affect the local airflow pattern and, consequently, transmission of airborne pathogens and respiratory droplets. This study numerically investigated the effect of airflow induced by the ceiling fan and ventilation rate on aerosol distribution to mitigate exposure to airborne pathogens and COVID-19. A full-scale room with a ceiling fan, natural ventilation and an occupant was modelled through transient computational fluid-particle dynamics (CFPD). To analyze the relationship between the ceiling fan rotation speed and the aerosol distribution, a ceiling fan was operated with 160, 265 and 365 revolutions per minute (RPM). The effect of the ceiling fan on particles was analyzed for particles of different sizes. The increasing ceiling fan rotation speed, the percentage deposition of the aerosol particles with diameters >40 μm was increased. The effect of different ventilation rates on aerosol distribution was evaluated. The increased ventilation rate, the percentage of the total aerosol particles flushed out was increased. The effectiveness of the mask in mitigating the exposure risk of airborne pathogens was also investigated. In combination with the natural ventilation and mask, the ceiling fan was demonstrated to have the potential to reduce airborne pathogen transmission in indoor spaces.
The diurnal and seasonal relationships of pedestrian injuries secondary to motor vehicles in young people
Authors: Akhtar Amina , Brooks Adam , Kitchen Samuel , C. O'Connor Rory
Published: February 2023

Introduction

There remains a significant morbidity and mortality in young pedestrians hit by motor vehicles, even in the era of pedestrian crossings and speed limits. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence and injury severity of motor vehicle-related pedestrian trauma according to time of day and season in a young population, based on the supposition that injuries would be more prevalent during dusk and dawn and during autumn and winter.

Methods

Data were retrieved from the National Trauma Audit and Research Network (TARN) database for patients between 10 and 25 years old who had been involved as pedestrians in road traffic collisions between 2013 and 2020. The incidence of injuries, their severity (using the injury severity score (ISS)) and mortality were analysed according to the hours of daylight, darkness and season.

Results

The study identified a seasonal pattern, highlighting that injuries were most prevalent during autumn (34.9% of injuries). Prevalence decreased throughout the year from winter (25.4%) to spring (21.4%), to summer (18.3%). The greatest incident rate (number of incidents/hour) occurred between 1500–1630 h, correlating to school pick up times, but overall there was no significant difference in injury prevalence between hours of darkness (47.3%) and daylight (52.7%). However, a significant relationship between ISS and daylight hours was demonstrated ( p-value = 0.0124), whereby moderate injuries (ISS score: 9–15) were more likely during the day (72.7%), while severe injuries (ISS score > 15) were more likely at night (55.8%).

Conclusion

We identified a relationship between the time of day and the frequency and severity of pedestrian trauma in young people. In addition, particular time groupings correspond to the greatest incidents rate, suggesting that reduced visibility coupled with school pick up times play a significant role. We recommend targeted public health measures to improve road safety that focus on these high-risk times of the day.
Effects of sinusoidal vibration of casting-roller on interface microstructure of Ti/Al laminated composites by twin-roll casting
Authors: Li Li , Du Fengshan
Published: February 2023

A new vibration cast-rolling technology of “electromagnetic stirring + dendrite breaking + asynchronous rolling” was proposed with the adoption of sinusoidal vibration of the casting-roller to prepare Ti/Al laminated composites, and the effects of sinusoidal vibration of casting-roller on the interfacial microstructure were investigated in detail. In the interface of traditional cast-rolling materials, the ridge-shaped aluminum materials extend in a straight line or grow transversely into some tiny ridge-shaped branches which look like a quasi-cleavage fracture. With the enhancement of the casting-roller vibration, a large area of hilly aluminum materials in the interface is bonded or present equiaxed dimples gathering to form honeycomb network morphology, which presents ductile fracture characteristics. The vein patterns and morphology differentiation in the interface show that the density and uniformity of composite intensity distribution can be enhanced by increasing the vibration frequency, but the level of enhancement is not that much obvious. The hilly morphology and equiaxed dimples in the interface show that the unit composite strength can be enhanced by increasing the vibration amplitude, while the density of strength distribution is sparse. Under the combined effect of “amplitude + frequency,” the toughness and composite quality of the interface are enhanced by the uniform superposition of the discrete strengths. The area ratio of aluminum bonded to titanium side interface (81%) is 3 times higher than that of traditional cast-rolling material (22%) on the condition of ductile fracture of cast-rolling material with strong vibration (amplitude 0.87 mm, vibration frequency 25 Hz) of casting-roller, and the bonding strength (27.0 N/mm) is twice as high as that of traditional cast-rolling materials (14.9 N/mm), which indicates that the ductile connection between the interface layers can be greatly enhanced by vibration roll-casting.
Transitions: Experiences of younger persons recently diagnosed with Alzheimer-type dementia
Authors: Aspö Malin , Visser Leonie , Kivipelto Miia , Boström Anne-Marie , Cronfalk Berit S
Published: February 2023

Receiving a diagnosis of dementia before the age of 65 has a huge impact on everyday life. Previously, the disease trajectory has mainly been described from the perspective of older persons. However, young persons with dementia are confronted with specific challenges, influencing the type of life-changing events, or ‘critical points’ that they may experience. The aim of this study was therefore to describe experiences of persons recently being diagnosed with young-onset dementia. In total, 14 participants with dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease (10 woman/4 men) with an average age of 59 were included in the study. Interviews were conducted within 2 months after receiving the diagnosis and analyzed using qualitative content analysis with an inductive approach, resulting in three categories: (1) A life changing moment, (2) An ongoing process, and (3) Remaining in control. The findings show that receiving such a diagnosis was experienced by participants as a life changing moment, followed by them seeking to come to terms with the diagnosis and reflecting on its meaning, in which various strategies were adopted to remain in control. The current study highlights three critical points considering the diagnosis of young-onset dementia that warrant special attention and provides insight into factors related to delay in healthy transitioning after receiving the diagnosis, as well as factors that may facilitate successful transitions.
Vocational education and training systems in Europe: A cluster analysis
Authors: Salas-Velasco Manuel
Published: February 2023

European countries differ widely in terms of vocational education and training (VET) tradition and the delivery of VET at the upper secondary level. A statistical approach to build a classification of VET systems in Europe is presented in the present article on the grounds of the size of the vocational enrollment, on the one hand, and the percentage of vocational enrollment in programs in which work and school are combined, on the other hand. Twenty-two European countries with full available information are considered in the study: 18 European Union (EU) countries, three Schengen Area (non-EU) countries (Iceland, Norway, and Switzerland), and the UK (non-EU state outside Schengen). Cluster analysis is a quantitative form of classification. The country groupings emerging from the K-means analysis performed in this paper allow us to distinguish mainly between vocational-oriented countries with high vocational specificity (e.g. Germany, Switzerland, and Austria), highly vocational-oriented countries with traditionally school-based VET programs (e.g. the Czech Republic and Slovakia), and less vocationally-oriented countries (general education-oriented countries such as Estonia and Spain).
Achieving proportionate governance review in Scotland: Threats and solutions
Authors: Swallow Diane MA , Counsell Carl E
Published: February 2023

The effectiveness of any healthcare-related research governance system is dependent on its ability to identify, challenge and change practices that compromise its ability to deliver timely, proportionate review. We present a case study outlining our experience of obtaining research ethics committee (REC) and Public Benefit and Privacy Panel (PBPP) for Health and Social Care approval to conduct a study which aimed to collect data on diagnostic and care pathways and determine the national prevalence of two rare diseases in Scotland. We discuss the threats posed to low-risk observational epidemiological research by disproportionate governance practices and propose practical solutions. In the context of increasing investment, the ever-increasing barriers to doing high-quality, low-risk epidemiological research using patient-identifiable information is concerning. Information governance committees, guided by clinical researchers, must step up as leaders in this area, making use of flexibilities and opportunities within the law.
Medusa’s Wrath: Bleeding Giant Scalp Arteriovenous Malformation in an Adult: A Case Report
Authors: Briones Richard C. , Cruz Kathleen S. , Resoco Dave R. , Briones Marla Vina A.
Published: February 2023

Background

Scalp arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a rare congenital disease that may present with massive bleeding. To date, surgical excision remains the definitive management. However, the procedure could lead to intraoperative bleeding due to the tumor’s high blood flow and complex vascularity.

Case Report

A 49-year old Filipino male presented with a bleeding giant scalp AVM. Computed tomographic scan and duplex studies showed multiple feeding vessels with turbulent flow arising primarily from the right superficial temporal, right posterior auricular, and occipital vessels. Prior to surgery, the patient underwent transfusion due to preoperative hemoglobin of 6 g/dL. Proximal control of the right external carotid artery was performed through a supine position and left in place to reduce the majority of blood flow to the AVM. The patient was turned to a prone position for surgical planning to achieve maximal skin-sparing dissection prior to excision. First, ligation of bilateral superficial temporal and posterior auricular arteries was performed. Next, excision above the periosteum with segmental ligation of feeding vessels around the AVM was carried out. Reconstruction of the defect was done via scalp advancement flap and split-thickness skin grafting. Intraoperative blood loss was 1.6 L. On the sixth postoperative day, the patient was discharged with 100% graft take.

Conclusion

Management of scalp AV malformation is challenging, and despite measures to decrease intraoperative bleeding, blood loss is still high. While preoperative embolization has been reported to decrease the risk of bleeding, this procedure is not currently available in our setting. Our case highlights the complexity of giant scalp AV malformation management in a limited-resource setting. Even in the absence of endovascular intervention, outright surgical excision of AVM can be performed, albeit with higher levels of blood loss.
Accelerated point set registration method
Authors: Raettig Ryan M , Anderson James D , Nykl Scott L , Merkle Laurence D
Published: February 2023

In computer vision and robotics, point set registration is a fundamental issue used to estimate the relative position and orientation (pose) of an object in an environment. In a rapidly changing scene, this method must be executed frequently and in a timely manner, or the pose estimation becomes outdated. The point registration method is a computational bottleneck of a vision-processing pipeline. For this reason, this paper focuses on speeding up a widely used point registration method, the iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm. In addition, the ICP algorithm is transformed into a massively parallel algorithm and mapped onto a vector processor to realize a speedup of approximately an order of magnitude. Finally, we provide algorithmic and run-time analysis.
The Whole Story: A Black Principal’s Experience With Race, Racism, and Racial Trauma
Authors: Clarida Kimberly
Published: February 2023

Principal Harris, a new Black male principal at Merion High School, has found himself under fire for allegedly promoting critical race theory (CRT). He has received several forms of pushback as he navigates district and state mandates, racial trauma, invisible taxes, and microaggressions. Unfortunately, his best intentions are not good enough. This case is designed to display the various factors Black principals face in schools and districts amid ongoing public health crises (e.g., COVID-19 and racism). I describe the layered role of race, racism, and racial trauma on Principal Harris through his reflections and responses to stakeholders.
Single-Portal Antegrade Endoscopic Trigger Finger Release: Cadaveric and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Mirza Ather , Mirza Justin , Zappia Luke , Thomas Terence L. , Corabi Jagger , Talay Robert
Published: February 2023

Background:

This study aimed to examine the relationship between anatomical surface landmarks in fresh frozen cadavers as related to in vivo endoscopic trigger finger release (ETFR) and present clinical outcomes after a single-portal antegrade ETFR technique.

Methods:

Endoscopic trigger finger release was performed on 40 cadaveric digits. Each digit was dissected and the following measurements were recorded: distance from palmar digital crease and A1 pulley, length of the A1 pulley, percentage of A1 pulley released, and injury to vulnerable anatomy. A retrospective chart review was performed on 48 patients (62 digits) treated with ETFR. Outcome measures included grip and pinch strength, range of motion, Disability of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaires, and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores.

Results:

Release of the A1 pulley was achieved in 33 of the 40 cadaveric digits (83%) with an A2 pulley laceration rate of 25%. No flexor tendon or neurovascular injuries occurred. Gross grasp, lateral pinch, 3-jaw chuck, and precision pinch strength had 85%, 90%, 82%, and 90% recovery, respectively. At the final follow-up, average metacarpophalangeal joint, proximal interphalangeal joint, and distal interphalangeal joint range of motion were within the normal limits. Mean VAS scores decreased from 5.7 preoperatively to 1.0 postoperatively and mean DASH score at the final follow-up was 4.8.

Conclusions:

With the use of anatomical surface landmarks, ETFR may be performed in an efficient and reproducible manner. Patients treated with ETFR had low complication rates, good functional recovery, and improved pain at short-term follow-up. Further study of long-term outcomes and cost-effectiveness of ETFR is warranted.
Effects of alternating letter case on processing sequences of written words
Authors: Fournet Colas , Mirault Jonathan , Perea Manuel , Grainger Jonathan
Published: February 2023

In three grammatical decision experiments, we examined the impact of alternating letter case on sentence reading to determine the locus of case-alternation effects. Experiments 1 and 2 compared grammatical decision responses (“Is this a grammatically correct sequence of words or not?”) in three different conditions: (1) SAME CASE/same case; (2) alternating CASE between WORDS; and (3) aLterNaTing cAsE wItHin WoRdS. For the grammatically correct sequences, we observed significantly faster responses in the same-case conditions compared with the between-word case manipulation, as well as a significant advantage for the between-word condition compared with within-word alternating case. These results confirm that case-alternation deteriorates sentence reading, but more so at the level of single word processing (within-word alternation) than at the sentence level (between-word alternation). Experiment 3 demonstrated that between-word case-alternation facilitates sentence processing compared with an all-lowercase condition when betweenWORDspacesAREremoved. Therefore, in the absence of between-word spacing, case changes across words facilitate sentence processing, possibly by guiding readers’ eyes to optimal locations for word identification.
On the maximum empty hyper-rectangle problem
Authors: Abo-Alsabeh Rewayda Razaq , Daham Hajem Ati , Salhi Abdellah
Published: February 2023

Given a rectangle [Formula: see text] containing points, we consider the problem of detecting the largest rectangle that is totally contained in [Formula: see text] and does not include any of the points. In other words, we want to find the biggest hole in the dataset that can contain the biggest possible rectangle. A new algorithm for dealing with this problem is, therefore, suggested. Existing algorithms are exact but cannot deal efficiently with problems in high dimensions and large instances. In fact, only computing maximum empty rectangles in a set of points in [Formula: see text] has been well addressed. In high dimensions, the problem is shown to be NP-complete. Our suggested approach is evolutionary in nature and is an innovative implementation of the genetic algorithm. The approach solves a more general form of the stated problem in that it ignores the axis-parallel condition imposed on the hyper-rectangles to be found. This paper includes computational results and their discussions.
‘You Don’t go to These Kinds of Concerts for Fun’: The Fluid and Emergent Performance of Taste in Contemporary Art Music
Authors: Chambers Simon
Published: February 2023

Theorisations of cultural preferences frequently posit a nexus between familiarity and pleasure. The pursuit and enjoyment of our tastes has been linked to the socialised acquisition of embodied cultural competencies and to psychological mechanisms of expectation. A genre such as contemporary art music disrupts this link to familiarity due to its emphasis on the explicitly unfamiliar. Drawing on interviews with concert attendees, this article examines how taste is put into practice and performed in a context marked by ambiguity. The data are significant for the disruption they represent to any idealised notion of how audiences engage with legitimate culture. Not only is the anticipation of pleasure largely absent, but the expression of taste is also far removed from an austere mode of contemplation and appreciation. Affective modes of appreciation are frequently employed, while audiences also often show a reluctance to engage in processes of evaluation. The article argues for the importance of understanding taste as comprising fluid, emergent and contingent strategies for forming an attachment to cultural objects in a field marked by ambiguity.
A simple mortality prediction model for sepsis patients in intensive care
Authors: Koozi Hazem , Lidestam Adina , Lengquist Maria , Johnsson Patrik , Frigyesi Attila
Published: February 2023

Background:

Sepsis is common in the intensive care unit (ICU). Two of the ICU’s most widely used mortality prediction models are the Simplified Acute Physiology Score 3 (SAPS-3) and the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score. We aimed to assess the mortality prediction performance of SAPS-3 and SOFA upon ICU admission for sepsis and find a simpler mortality prediction model for these patients to be used in clinical practice and when conducting studies.

Methods:

A retrospective study of adult patients fulfilling the Sepsis-3 criteria admitted to four general ICUs was performed. A simple prognostic model was created using backward stepwise multivariate logistic regression. The area under the curve (AUC) of SAPS-3, SOFA and the simple model was assessed.

Results:

One thousand nine hundred eighty four admissions were included. A simple six-parameter model consisting of age, immunosuppression, Glasgow Coma Scale, body temperature, C-reactive protein and bilirubin had an AUC of 0.72 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.69–0.75) for 30-day mortality, which was non-inferior to SAPS-3 (AUC 0.75, 95% CI 0.72–0.77) ( p = 0.071). SOFA had an AUC of 0.67 (95% CI 0.64–0.70) and was inferior to SAPS-3 ( p < 0.001) and our simple model ( p = 0.0019).

Conclusion:

SAPS-3 has a lower prognostic value in sepsis than in the general ICU population. SOFA performs less well than SAPS-3. Our simple six-parameter model predicts mortality just as well as SAPS-3 upon ICU admission for sepsis, allowing the design of simple studies and performance monitoring.
Arthroscopic lunate fossa resection arthroplasty for Kienböck’s disease
Authors: Kamrani Reza Shahryar , Najafi Ehsan , Azizi Hamideh , Banihashemian Masoumeh , Saremi Hossein , Farhoud Amir Reza
Published: February 2023

The aim of this study was to assess the outcome of arthroscopic lunate fossa resection arthroplasty for patients with Kienböck’s disease, previously managed without operation, and a non-functional lunate fossa. For adult patients with relapse or exacerbation of pain from Kienböck’s disease 2 years after the onset of symptoms, arthroscopic removal of lunate fossa cartilage was performed to reach bleeding bone, if the cartilage in the lunate fossa was non-functional and the scaphoid fossa was intact. Sixteen patients (mean age 35 years; range 27–56) were included. At a mean follow-up of 39 months (range 24–64), the preoperative mean visual analogue pain scale and QuickDASH score decreased from 7 (SD 2.2) and 50 (SD 16) to 1.4 (SD 1.6) and 13 (SD 9.6), respectively. A minor deterioration in mean radioscaphoid angle and carpal height ratio occurred. Arthroscopic lunate fossa resection arthroplasty is a viable option for selected patients with Kienböck’s disease.

Level of evidence: IV
Treatment of Ischemic Stroke With Wenyang Huayu Formula: Network Pharmacology Analysis and Experimental Validation
Authors: Ma Wei , Yang Yibao , Xie Tingting , Li Xiangling , Mo Xueni
Published: February 2023

Context: Wenyang Huayu formula (WYHYF) is a prescription useful for treating stroke. Objective: To evaluate the mechanism of WYHYF in the treatment of ischemic stroke. Materials and methods: Network pharmacology analysis was performed to identify the chemical components and potential targets of WYHYF related to cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. The Cytoscape software and STRING database were used to draw a “drug component target disease” and protein interaction network diagram, respectively. Metascape database was used for gene enrichment analysis, and Autodock vina software was used for molecular docking to determine the pathways and targets of WYHYF. Finally, the pathways and targets were verified in vivo in rats. Results: We identified 277 drug targets and 3777 disease targets of WYHYF. Enrichment analysis of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways yielded 222 entries. The results of molecular docking showed that the core components and core proteins had a good binding ability. Validation analysis in the animal model indicated that stigmasterol, C-homoerythrin, luteolin, and other components in WYHYF influence the effects of the Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/NF-κB signal pathway on IL-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha-α and exert neuroprotective effects, relieve reperfusion injury, and inhibit apoptosis and inflammation. Discussion and conclusions: WYHYF affects ischemic stroke through the interactions of multiple components, targets, and pathways. The mechanism may involve the TLR4/NF-κB signal pathway to inhibit apoptosis, reduce inflammation, and promote angiogenesis.
Screening of Asian Natural Materials to Promote β-Endorphin Synthesis
Authors: Matsumoto Masako , Nagata Maki , Kuroki Yutaka , Shimizu Kuniyoshi
Published: February 2023

Since the recent coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and the lifestyle changes it necessitated, the demand for mental health treatment has skyrocketed, with long wait lists for both psychological and psychiatric care. Over-the-counter supplements and home remedies are increasingly sought. In this study, we screened natural materials and blended supplements from Asia that may improve the mood and mental health of humans by testing cell viability and expression of the proopiomelanocortin gene as a marker of β-endorphin production in rat hypothalamus neuron cells. Among 23 tested samples, 3 samples produced significantly higher cell viability in R-HTH-507 cells than the control treatment. In a real-time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) experiment, 7 samples showed significant β-endorphin synthesis activity. This is the first report that the Asian natural materials Areca catechu, Moringa oleifera, Lignosis rhinocerus, and Aegle marmelos promote β-endorphin synthesis; further investigation will identify the active ingredients in the blended samples. These results suggested that these Asian natural materials have great potential to expand the range of treatments for mental health.
Coping and Caregiving: Leveraging Environmental Design to Moderate Stress Among Healthcare Workers in the Emergency Department Setting
Authors: Bosch Sheila J. , Valipoor Shabboo , Alakshendra Abhinav , De Portu Giuliano , Mohammadigorji Soheyla , Rittenbacher Dagmar , Black Karla , Calienes Elizabeth
Published: February 2023

Background:

Due to exposure to overwhelming work stressors, approximately half of emergency department (ED) physicians and nurses experience burnout, leading to lower productivity, lower quality of care, higher risk of medical errors, higher rates of absenteeism, and eventually turnover. Growing evidence suggests that the physical environment can be leveraged to support healthcare workers’ well-being.

Objectives:

This study aimed to identify (1) self-care behaviors that healthcare workers engage in to help them cope with job-related stress, (2) where they engage in those behaviors, (3) attributes of the built environment that may support coping behaviors.

Methods:

A mixed-methods study was conducted in three EDs, using online questionnaires (n = 85) and interviews (n = 20).

Results:

Job-related stress was derived from interruptions, workload and inability to take breaks, insufficient workspace, lack of privacy, unpredictability of EDs, and security concerns. Talking with a colleague, getting something to eat or drink, listening to music, and taking a walk were considered destressing activities. The bathroom was considered a place for destressing by the majority of participants, followed by outside areas, physician-only areas, and care team stations. Supportive environmental features included sufficient workspace, maximized privacy, reduced noise and clutter, controlled temperature and lighting, spaces for decompressing, spaces for documentation, close-by breakrooms with enough eating space and massage chairs, chairs with back support, standing desks, food options, and convenient bathrooms.

Conclusions:

Design decisions play an important role in supporting stress reduction among healthcare workers. This study provides several strategies to achieve this aim.
Revision Surgery After Failed Index Synthetic Cartilage Implant Resurfacing for Hallux Rigidus: Single-Surgeon 5-Year Experience
Authors: Chopra Aman , Fletcher Amanda N. , Madi Naji S. , Parekh Selene G.
Published: February 2023

Background

While metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) arthrodesis is regarded as the gold standard treatment option for end-stage hallux rigidus (HR), synthetic cartilage implant (SCI) resurfacing has gained popularity. This study aimed to identify the SCI resurfacing failure rate for a single surgeon, while also comparing clinical outcomes of patients who underwent SCI replacement or MTPJ arthrodesis after failed index SCI resurfacing.

Methods

Health records were queried from 2016 to 2021 for patients with HR who were treated with SCI resurfacing by a single surgeon. Preoperative and postoperative range of motion, visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores, and hallux valgus angles were compared. A subgroup analysis was performed on patients who underwent revision with SCI replacement or MTPJ arthrodesis. SCI replacement included the use of bone graft, bone putty, or a custom 3D printed baseplate to prevent implant subsidence.

Results

A total of 219 SCI resurfacing procedures were performed by a single surgeon, including 23 revisions. When analyzing index procedures, an 8.2% revision rate was determined. The revision cohort (n = 23) consisted of 19 female patients and presented with a mean body mass index of 29.5 ± 5 kg/m2, mean age of 52.8 ± 11 years, mean follow-up duration of 22.3 (range, 3-54) months, and mean time to a revision surgery of 12.1 ± 12 (range, 1-50) months. Specifically, 12 procedures resulted in an SCI replacement, while 11 procedures resulted in arthrodesis. While all patients experienced significant improvement in their VAS pain scores ( P < .001), the arthrodesis cohort experienced a greater improvement than the SCI revision cohort ( P = .04).

Conclusion

When analyzing SCI revision procedures, MTPJ arthrodesis reduced pain more significantly than SCI replacement.

Levels of Evidence:

Level IV: Retrospective case series
Populism Predicts Sympathy for Attacks Against Asylum Seekers Through National Pride and Moral Justification of Political Violence
Authors: Uysal Mete Sefa , Hoerst Carina , Stathi Sofia , Kessler Thomas
Published: February 2023

Right-wing populism which had been considered fringe just a few years ago became gradually more mainstream. Given the epidemic impact of divisive populist rhetoric on hostile behavior and its strong association with anti-immigration, it is important to ask whether people endorsing populism also justify attacks against asylum seekers. Using the German General Social Survey data ( N = 3,268), we tested a model in which the endorsement of populist beliefs predicted sympathy for attacks against asylum seekers in Germany, through national pride and moral justification of political violence. Results showed that people who evinced higher endorsement of populist beliefs showed also higher sympathy for attacks against asylum seekers. Furthermore, national pride and moral justification of political violence mediated the relationship between populist beliefs and sympathy for attacks against asylum seekers. The role of right-wing populism in the justification of violence toward outgroups is discussed within a contemporary social-psychological framework.
Fulminant Susac syndrome—a rare cause of coma: The history of the fatal course in a young man
Authors: Andour Hajar , Rostoum Soufiane , Regragui Yassine , Fikri Meriem , Jiddane Mohamed , Touarsa Firdaous
Published: February 2023

Susac syndrome is a rare microangiopathy of indeterminate etiology, presumably autoimmune, characterized by a triad of encephalopathy, sensorineural hearing loss, and branch retinal artery occlusions occurring predominantly in women. The onset and progression patterns are multiple, mainly of three modes. Fulminant evolution is exceptional, rarely reported across literature. We report through this case a Susac syndrome in a young man in whom evolution was fatal. Magnetic resonance imaging is essential to raise the diagnosis and for follow-up, with almost pathognomonic findings, all the more useful as the clinical triad is usually incomplete and as the encephalopathy is the most limiting of the symptoms.
Preparing students for interprofessional collaboration in services for children with special needs in Finland: A document analysis
Authors: Kallio Hanna , Salminen Jaanet , Tuominen Miia
Published: February 2023

Introduction

Multiple types of support and expertise are needed for the benefit of children with special needs, with the collaboration between psychologists, social workers and special education teachers playing a key role. Here, we studied the extent of their academic training in interprofessional collaboration.

Methods

A document analysis of 24 curricula with 1699 courses from eight Finnish universities was applied. The courses focused on interprofessional collaboration were selected for the analysis. The course information was analysed with descriptive statistical methods, content analysis and qualitative quantification.

Results

A total of 38 courses focused on interprofessional collaboration. The courses were often mandatory; however, in psychology, they were often optional. The content of the courses included the basis of interprofessional collaboration, collaboration skills, and service systems and network familiarity. Two courses were common for the social work, psychology and special education programmes. Various learning methods were used, with five courses being based on independent online self-study.

Discussion

Considering the need for studies focusing on interprofessional collaboration, it was contradictory that these were largely maintained within one discipline and some were realised as independent self-studies. The variability of the curricula may reflect on students’ professional skills. For the collaboration of professionals working with children with special needs, it is also needed to deepen familiarity with cross-sectional services and the school system.
“As Reliable as a Kalashnikov Rifle”: How Sputnik News Promotes Russian Vaccine Technologies in the Turkish Twittersphere
Authors: Furman Ivo Ozan , Gürel Kurt Bilgin , Sivaslıoğlu Fırat Berk
Published: February 2023

Established in 2014, SputnikTR (a localized version of Sputnik News) is the most popular pro-Russian media outlet active in Turkey. The news content published by SputnikTR’s Twitter account currently attracts the highest engagement rates among the international public broadcasters active in Turkey. SputnikTR’s official Twitter account has more followers (1M) than Sputnik News English (326K). This article argues that SputnikTR’s Twitter account is used to promote Russian vaccine technologies in Turkey. We believe that it is also a conduit for the dissemination of pro-Russian as well as anti-Western narratives to the Turkish online public. Using a computational methodology, we collected 2,782 vaccine-related tweets posted by SputnikTR’s Twitter account between April 2019 and April 2021. We deployed framing as well as critical discourse analysis to study the contents of our dataset. Our findings suggest that SputnikTR uses (a) disinformation as well as misinformation in vaccine-related news and (b) unethical communication techniques to maximize engagement with content posted on Twitter. Our findings are significant insofar as they are the first documented instances of Russian propaganda efforts on Turkish Twitter. These efforts seem to be focused on promoting the Russian vaccine while encouraging public hesitancy toward Western vaccine technologies.
Naming and Lower Cases as Diplomatic Tools in Sport? The Case of ‘SPAIN v. kosovo’ During Qatar 2022 World Cup Qualifiers
Authors: Gutiérrez-Chico Fernando , Pulleiro Méndez Carlos
Published: February 2023

This research focuses on the Spanish strategy to balance its political non-recognition of Kosovo and the respect to the Balkan country’s full membership in FIFA and UEFA. Considering the relevance of naming as a political tool in cases of sporting diplomatic conflict, our driving research questions are: How relevant is the name of Kosovo for Spain in its use of sport to perform this state non-recognition? More specifically, how and to what extent did the official name of Kosovo become a key diplomatic element for Spain during the Qatar 2022 World Cup qualifiers? Methodologically, we have applied a content analysis of the Spanish Football Federation, the Spanish public broadcasting corporation and three main private media outlets. The conclusion is that the stronger diplomatic mobilization of Kosovo forced Spain to accept all of its national symbology at the protocol level. Therefore, there was a deliberate attempt not only to avoid the use of the names ‘Kosovo’ or ‘Republic of Kosovo’ by the Spanish establishment, but also using lower cases when no other alternative was possible. However, its application was inconsistent among the executing actors due to the lack of internalization of the naming policy, thus making it ineffective.
What can we expect from patellar denervation in knee arthroplasty? An updated systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wayan Suryanto Dusak I , Ciatawi Kartini , Wayan Subawa I , Eyanoer Putri Chairani
Published: February 2023

Denervation by electrocauterization was proposed to be efficient in preventing anterior knee pain (AKP) following arthroplasty. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of patellar denervation (PD) in primary knee arthroplasty. Systematic search was performed in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalKey databases until July 2022 for published articles. The quantitative analyses were carried out by Review Manager 5.4 software. Twenty-one studies were included. Overall incidence of AKP, visual analog scale (VAS), and knee society score were significantly superior in PD group. Denervation also showed better outcomes in incidence of AKP at each follow-up time point, and in VAS and range of motion (ROM) at ≤3 months. Subanalyses based on depth of electrocautery showed statistically better results with 2–3 mm depth in VAS and PS compared to ≤1 mm. This study concluded that PD might contribute to lower incidence of knee pain. Patients who expect quicker recovery in pain and ROM may benefit from this procedure.
Prediction of self-care behaviors among diabetic patients based on social cognitive theory
Authors: Yari Asiyeh , Hassani Laleh , Ziapour Arash , Toghroli Razie , Mohammadkhah Fatemeh , Yazdi Fateme
Published: February 2023

Background:

Diabetes is a global health issue and the most prevalent chronic metabolic disease, which requires lifelong self-care behaviors. Thus, the present study was conducted with the aim of predicting the factors of self-care behaviors based on social cognitive theory in diabetic patients referred to comprehensive health service centers in Fasa.

Methods:

This cross-sectional research comprised 106 type 2 diabetes patients who were referred to Fasa service providers to determine the optimal solution. Outcomes were assessed using an existing demographic questionnaire, the diabetic self-care questionnaire, and a unique questionnaire to assess social cognitive theory, the validity and reliability of which were estimated. SPSS21 software with a Chi license was used for data analysis, and Spearman correlations, independent t-tests, and one-way ANOVA were performed.

Results:

The age range of patients was between 33 and 67 years. There was a significant relationship between gender, education, and type of treatment with self-care. According to the findings, the variables of self-efficacy ( r = 0.200), self-efficacy of overcoming obstacles ( r = 0.285), environmental factors ( r = 0.334), observational learning ability ( r = 0.148), situational perception ( r = 0.297), emotional adaptation ( r = 0.051), outcome assessment ( r = 0.114) and outcome expectation ( r = 0.082) had a positive and significant correlation with self-care behaviors. Also, the self-efficacy variable (Beta coefficient = 0.340) had the highest predictive value.

Conclusion:

In designing and implementing educational interventions for self-care of diabetic patients, the theory of social cognition can be used as a framework to promote and maintain public health in patients.
When Breast Cancer Survivorship Discourse Doesn’t Work: Reflections From a Patient
Authors: Lane Annette M.
Published: February 2023

Within this narrative, I document my experiences with breast cancer. On 2 separate occasions, diagnoses did not qualify me for survivor identity within the current interpretation of breast cancer survivorship discourse. Yet each time, I underwent treatments that were necessary, but physically and emotionally difficult. I briefly discuss how breast cancer survivorship discourse is interpreted, including how this discourse has benefitted women, but also, the challenges in survivorship discourse adoption (including how the current survivorship definition differs). I then discuss my struggles in feeling like I could not assume breast cancer survivorship discourse, including the confusion and despair, as well as feeling ineligible for support groups. Briefly, one suggestion for change is made.
European Stroke Organisation (ESO) expedited recommendation on tenecteplase for acute ischaemic stroke
Authors: Alamowitch Sonia , Turc Guillaume , Palaiodimou Lina , Bivard Andrew , Cameron Alan , De Marchis Gian Marco , Fromm Annette , Kõrv Janika , Roaldsen Melinda B , Katsanos Aristeidis H , Tsivgoulis Georgios
Published: February 2023

Within the last year, four randomised-controlled clinical trials (RCTs) have been published comparing intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) with tenecteplase and alteplase in acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) patients with a non-inferiority design for three of them. An expedited recommendation process was initiated by the European Stroke Organisation (ESO) and conducted according to ESO standard operating procedure based on the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) framework. We identified three relevant Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome (PICO) questions, performed systematic reviews of the literature and meta-analyses, assessed the quality of the available evidence, and wrote evidence-based recommendations. Expert consensus statements were provided if insufficient evidence was available to provide recommendations based on the GRADE approach. For patients with AIS of <4.5 h duration who are eligible for IVT, tenecteplase 0.25 mg/kg can be used as a safe and effective alternative to alteplase 0.9 mg/kg (moderate evidence, strong recommendation). For patients with AIS of <4.5 h duration who are eligible for IVT, we recommend against using tenecteplase at a dose of 0.40 mg/kg (low evidence, strong recommendation). For patients with AIS of <4.5 h duration with prehospital management with a mobile stroke unit who are eligible for IVT, we suggest tenecteplase 0.25 mg/kg over alteplase 0.90 mg/kg (low evidence, weak recommendation). For patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) AIS of <4.5 h duration who are eligible for IVT, we recommend tenecteplase 0.25 mg/kg over alteplase 0.9 mg/kg (moderate evidence, strong recommendation). For patients with AIS on awakening from sleep or AIS of unknown onset who are selected with non-contrast CT, we recommend against IVT with tenecteplase 0.25 mg/kg (low evidence, strong recommendation). Expert consensus statements are also provided. Tenecteplase 0.25 mg/kg may be favoured over alteplase 0.9 mg/kg for patients with AIS of <4.5 h duration in view of comparable safety and efficacy data and easier administration. For patients with LVO AIS of <4.5 h duration who are IVT-eligible, IVT with tenecteplase 0.25 mg/kg is preferable over skipping IVT before MT, even in the setting of a direct admission to a thrombectomy-capable centre. IVT with tenecteplase 0.25 mg/kg may be a reasonable alternative to alteplase 0.9 mg/kg for patients with AIS on awakening from sleep or AIS of unknown onset and who are IVT-eligible after selection with advanced imaging.
A car showroom for the fish: The visual story of the first-ever artificial reef in Italy and the beginning of contemporary environmental discourse (Varazze, December 1970)
Authors: Modaffari Giovanni
Published: February 2023

In October 1970, the city of Genoa was devastated by a major flood. A few weeks later, hundreds of wrecked cars removed from the city's streets were sunk off the coast of Varazze, in the first-ever Italian project to create an artificial reef. This initiative, which was inspired by similar experiences tried out in the United States and other countries, had been aimed at increasing the fish population and protecting the seabed but was carried out without any thorough preliminary scientific study, and produced other effects not in the initial intentions of the project. Nonetheless, this story should be read as one point in the broadest trajectory in the evolution of environmental discourse. This contribution, based on hitherto unpublished visual documentation, is therefore an investigation into the very specific meaning of the environment in Italy at the beginning of the 70s. The first part of the article provides a reconstruction of the operational details involved in creating the new underwater seascape of Varazze while in the second part, the earlier examples of similar initiatives are described, as well as the reactions of the scientific community. In conclusion, we reflect on the legacy of the initiative, both at the environmental level and as a basic step in the relationship between visual media and contemporary environmental discourse.