bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CASES OF ASCARIASIS IN THE KRASNODAR REGION IN THE PERIOD FROM 2015 TO 2019
Authors: Shipkova  , Moroz  , Malgina
Published: August 2020

To identify the epidemiological situation in the Krasnodar region, the following activities were carried out: a) analysis of statistical data kindly provided to us by the Office of the Federal state statistics Service for the Krasnodar region in the last five years (2015–2019); b) analysis of the results of coprological studies of faecal smears; as well as the results of blood serum tests for serological diagnostics of children and adults, conducted in the laboratories of the GBUZ regional hospital No. 2 and KBUZ Research Institute – Regional clinical hospital No. 1, as well as in the laboratory of the emergency care hospital of Krasnodar city. Based on our research, we identified two categories of the population, of different age groups, most susceptible to the disease ascariasis. The first group is children 7–16 years old, students of Junior and senior classes of city schools and the second group is adults – from 18 years and older, students of colleges, technical schools, and working people. In the first group, the peak of infestation of children with ascariasis occurred in 2018, it reached 23.1% per 100,000 people surveyed. In 2019, it was lower than 22.8%, but still quite large. In the second group, the rise of the disease occurred in 2016, it amounted to 17.5%, in subsequent years, the decline of ascariasis is noticeable.
HELMINTH FAUNA OF MAIN COMMERCIAL FISH IN LAKE ECOSYSTEM OF THE NAROCHANSKY NATIONAL PARK (REPUBLIC OF BELARUS)
Authors: Degtyarik  , Poloz  , Bespaliy  , Slobodnitskaya  , Benetskaya  , Tyutyunova  , Govor
Published: August 2020

The composition of the helminth fauna of the main commercial fish species in the lake ecosystem of the Narochansky National Park was determined. It is represented by 10 species of helminths having a complex development cycle with the participation of intermediate hosts, as well as 1 species of helminths (Gyrodactylus sp.), a representative of cl. Monogenea, having a direct development cycle. It was noted that the highest level of invasion was typical for larvae of trematodes Tylodelphys conifera. The greatest variety of parasitic helminths is observed in fish from lake Miastro and Naroch (7 species of helminths each). It was revealed that the most common representatives of the helminth fauna of fish inhabiting the lakes of Narochansky National Park are metacercariae of trematodes of the Diplostomum genus. They were found in fish in all water reservoirs examined. Their host spectrum was also the widest. Examination of the three-spine stickleback showed a severe damage by plerocercoids Ligula intestinalis (prevalence 92% to 98.4%, infection intensity 1–4 pairs per fish). In addition, proboscis worms Acanthocephalus lucii were found in the intestines of the three-spine stickleback. The trematode fauna of fish muscles from the Naroch lake group is rather poor and represented by three types of helminths: Rhipidocotyle illense, Paracoenogonimus ovatus and Apophallus muelingi.
POTENSI ISOLAT Bacillus sp. ENG-4 YANG BERASOSIASI DENGAN SPONS Aplysina sp. PENGHASIL SENYAWA ANTIMIKROB ASAL PULAU ENGGANO
Authors: Wibowo Risky Hadi , Sipriyadi Sipriyadi , Darwis Welly , Kamilah Santi Nurul , Pertiwi Hizkia Puspa , Pertiwi Reza
Published: August 2020

Pulau Enggano merupakan salah satu pulau terluar di Indonesia yang memiliki keragaman biota yang cukup tinggi, salah satunya adalah hewan spons. Spons adalah sekelompok hewan multiseluler, memiliki ciri tubuh berpori, dan organisme invertebrata berguna dalam memproduksi senyawa bioaktif. Bakteri yang terkait dengan spons dapat menjadi sumber alternatif senyawa bioaktif baru, terutama antimikrob. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi bakteri yang terkait dengan Aplysina sp. asal Pulau Enggano sebagai penghasil senyawa antimikrob melawan mikrob patogen. Total 263 isolat berhasil diisolasi pada media agar-agar Sea water Complete (SWC). Isolat bakteri potensial selanjutnya diidentifikasi dengan pengamatan morfologi, pewarnaan Gram, serta dilanjutkan dengan uji biokimia. Hasil uji aktivitas antimikrob dari 16 isolat terpilih melalui uji antagonis, supernatan dan pelet terhadap mikrob patogen Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeroginosa dan Candida albicans menunjukkan bahwa isolat ENG-4 memiliki kemampuanmenghambat pada dua mikrob pathogen yaitu E. coli, S. aureus. Isolat ENG-4 termasuk ke dalam bakteri gram positif dan merujuk pada genus Bacillus berdasarkan uji biokimia.POTENTIAL OF ISOLATE Bacillus sp. ENG-4 ASSOCIATED WITH MARINE SPONGE Aplysina sp. PRODUCING ANTIMICROBIAL COMPOUNDS FROM ENGGANO ISLAND. Enggano Island is one of the outer islands in Indonesia that has a high diversity of marine biota, one of them are sponges. Sponge is a group of multicellular animals, has a characteristic porous body, and invertebrate organisms are useful in producing bioactive compounds. Bacteria associated with sponges can be an alternative source of new bioactive compounds, especially antimicrobial. This study aims to determine the potential of bacteria associated with Aplysina sp. from Enggano island as a producer of antimicrobial compounds against pathogenic microbes. Total 263 isolates were successfully isolated in Sea water Complete (SWC) agar media. Potential isolates were further identified morphologically, Gram staining, and also biochemical tests. The results of the antimicrobial activity test of 16 selected isolates through antagonist, supernatant and pellet tests on pathogenic microbes of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeroginosa and Candida albicans showed that the ENG-4 isolate had the ability to inhibit two spesies of pathogens which are E. coli and S. aureus. ENG-4 isolate belong to gram-positive bacteria and refer to the genus Bacillus based on biochemical tests.
PEMETAAN HABITAT PERAIRAN DANGKAL MENGGUNAKAN CITRA RESOLUSI MENENGAH DENGAN METODE KLASIFIKASI BERBASIS PIKSEL (STUDI KASUS PULAU TIKUS)
Authors: Anggoro Ari , Zamdial Zamdial , Hartono Dede , Bakhtiar Deddy , Herliany Nurlaila Ervina , Utami Maya Angraini Fajar
Published: August 2020

Pulau Tikus adalah pulau kecil yang terletak di Kota Bengkulu yang memiliki potensi terumbu karang disekitar perairan dangkal. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memetakan kawasan habitat perairan dangkal ekosistem terumbu karang Pulau Tikus menggunakan citra satelit Landsat 8 OLI dan menguji akurasi klasifikasi peta habitat perairan dangkal di Pulau Tikus. Metode klasifikasi yang digunakan adalah klasifikasi terbimbing maximum likelihood classification. Hasil klasifikasi citra Landsat 8 OLI berdasarkan skema klasifikasi yang digunakan dari lima kelas habitat di Pulau Tikus tersebut yaitu karang hidup seluas 71,46 ha, karang campur pasir 106,9425 ha, karang mati 67,365 ha, makro alga 31,815 ha, dan pasir 40,05 ha. Uji akurasi dari perbandingan hasil klasifikasi citra dan data lapangan mendapatkan total akurasi keseluruhan yaitu sebesar 77%.SHALLOW WATER HABITATS MAPPING USING A MEDIUM RESOLUTION IMAGE WITH CLASSIFICATION METHOD PIKSEL-BASED (CASE STUDY OF THE TIKUS ISLAND). Tikus Island is a small island which located in Bengkulu City has the potential of coral reefs around the shallow water. The aims of this research were to map the area of benthic habitat in Tikus Island Bengkulu using Landsat 8 OLI satellite imagery and to test the accuracy on the benthic habitat map in Tikus Island. The method used supervised classification using maximum likelihood classification. The result of Landsat 8 OLI classification base on the five class habitats classification scheme used obtained in Tikus island showed coral reef (71,46 ha), coral mix sand (106,9425 ha), dead coral (67,365 ha), macroalgae (31,815 ha), and sand (40,05 ha). Accuracy test from the comparison of classification results and ground truth data get a total overall accuracy of 77%.
Disinfeksi Novel Coronavirus di Dalam Air Minum PDAM dan Air Limbah Untuk Fase Normal Baru
Authors: Cahyana Gede H
Published: August 2020

The first COVID-19 outbreak was occurred in Wuhan, December 2019. WHO has assigned the outbreak as pandemic on March 11, 2020. This article aims to review the effectiveness of chlorination in eradicating viruses (and bacteria) in drinking water and wastewater so that people have scientific information in eradication practice. Articles were obtained from scholar.google.com, National Library, textbooks. During pandemic doctors, paramedics have carried out curative efforts. People have carried out preventive efforts. A third attempt is needed, mechanical action using chlorine. Chlorine was able to inactivate viruses in objects affected by droplets. At a dose 0.2–40 mg/l and free chlorine residual 0.2–0.5 mg/l, chlorination was effective in eradicating viruses (and bacteria) in drinking water. Bacteria can be used as a host by viruses. If the bacteria die, viruses are inactive. The novel Coronavirus envelope can be destroyed by chlorine. Researchers have found genetic material of novel Coronavirus in wastewater. The SARS virus has also been found in raw wastewater and treated wastewater with disinfectant. This states, chlorination is not effective in eradicating viruses (and bacteria) in wastewater because of its abundant of faeces. Chlorination is also not effective for killing viruses (and bacteria) in the oxidation pond. Effluents always contain significant amounts of viruses (and bacteria). The genetic material of novel Coronavirus found in wastewater will be a latent danger after pandemic (new normal). Water treated by PDAM will become more important in new normal and must be provided in public and social facilities.
Benchtop Semi-Automated Solid State Photolithography Tool
Authors: Mouffak Zoulikha , Olaivar A. , Vang A. N.
Published: August 2020

The cost of a lab-grade photolithography tool is typically of the order of tens of thousands of dollars, a prohibitive price for many organizations that wish to prototype the fabrication of nanostructures. The availability of a more cost-friendly implementation of photolithography is crucial to the research and development of new technologies in nanoscale devices. In this work, we built a scaled down simplified version of a patterning system, the benchtop photolithography tool, which is expected to replicate certain nanopatterning techniques for under $300 —a tiny fraction of the cost of a typical mask aligner. A semi-automated benchtop photolithography tool is designed, fabricated, and programmed for prototyping and for research purposes. We use a USB 32-Bit Whacker PIC32MX795 Development Board that drives a programmable touchscreen, a UV LED array, a shutter, and a UV sensor, allowing us to have the desired high precision UV exposure. The integration of a microcontroller to operate the peripheral components of the tool allows to automate the small-scale photolithography process.
One Person Company
Authors: Semwal abhilasha
Published: August 2020

The concept of one Person Company’ was introduced in the Companies Act 2013. This concept was recommended first by the expert committee of Dr. JJ Irani in 2005. OPC is a hybrid of sole proprietor and company form of business: and limited liability being the precious legal invention in the legal history. The introduction of OPC in the Indian legal system is considered as the appropriate legislation to unleash the entrepreneurial talent of the emerging Indian businessmen, especially to start-up ventures. Here we try to dig into the emergence and development of OPC world over as well as in India, examines the concept of OPC which is set to organize the unorganized sector of proprietorship firms and other entities that will be convenient to regulate and manage with the emerging concept of OPC.
Test-retest reliability and Practice Effect of the Leuven Perceptual Organisation Screening Test
Authors: Ding Xiaotong , Vancleef Kathleen
Published: August 2020

Visual diagnostic tests must have a high degree of consistency in its measurements (high reliability) to ensure accurate assessment of perceptual abilities. The current study assessed test-retest reliability and practice effects in Leuven Perceptual Organisation Screening Test (L-POST) in 144 healthy volunteers using correlation analysis, Bland-Altman analysis, and multi-level modelling. Results from three analyses converged and supported an adequate reliability of L-POST. Additionally, multi-level modelling demonstrated an absence of practice effect, suggesting that the L-POST is suitable for repeat administration.
Epiphenomenalism and Human Sexuality
Authors: CHAKI SAYAN KUMAR
Published: August 2020

The paper is a cognitive and statistical study of sexuality based on the grounds of Epiphenomalism, the paper also proposes some important ideas and proves some important results, statistically based on two surveys.
Reading Text When Studying in a Second Language: An Eye-Tracking Study
Authors: Dirix Nicolas , Vander Beken Heleen , De Bruyne Ellen , Brysbaert Marc , Duyck Wouter
Published: August 2020

We investigated how eye movements are influenced by different reading goals in participants' first (L1) and second language (L2). Participants read or studied the contents of texts while their eye movements were recorded. One group was asked to read L1 and L2 texts as they would read any expository text (informational reading). Another group was asked to study L1 and L2 texts for subsequent tests involving true/false questions (study condition). After reading, all participants, including those in the informational reading condition, completed the true/false tests without being able to further consult the texts, which allowed us to investigate the extent to which reading goal and text language affect recognition memory for texts. In general, more reading time was spent on studying than on informational reading, which also resulted in higher test scores in the study condition. The L2-processing cost was larger in the study condition than in the informational reading condition: Participants needed approximately 20% more time to study L2 texts. The results of various eye movement measures suggest that this is caused by slower word recognition processes and a smaller amount of information that can be processed simultaneously in L2. This was true not only for the first reading of the text but also for the rereadings in the study condition. Interestingly, the additional time for L2 studying seemed to compensate for the less efficient processing, as the recognition test scores were the same in L2 as in L1.
The interplay between Facebook use, social comparison, envy, and depression
Authors: Appel Helmut , Gerlach Alexander L. , Crusius Jan
Published: August 2020

In their Facebook profiles, users communicate abundant social comparison information conveying mainly positive self-portrayals. Thereby, social networking sites like Facebook pro-vide a fertile ground for envy. This has been proposed as a mechanism for the potential negative effects of Facebook use on well-being and depression. This article reviews research on this process. Studies show that (especially passive) Facebook use indeed predicts different measures of social comparison as well as envy. In several studies social comparison or envy mediate a positive association between Facebook use and undesirable affective outcomes such as depression. However, causal relationships have not yet been sufficiently established. Methodological and conceptual variety across studies limits their comparability, but reveals viable ideas for future research.
From ‘It has stopped our lives’ to ‘Spending more time together has strengthened bonds': The varied experiences of Australian families during COVID-19
Authors: Evans Subhadra , Mikocka-Walus Antonina , Klas Anna , Olive Lisa , Sciberras Emma , Karantzas Gery , Westrupp Elizabeth
Published: August 2020

The present study uses a qualitative approach to understand the impact of COVID-19 on family life. Australian parents of children aged 0-18 years were recruited via social media between April 8th and April 28th, 2020, when Australians were experiencing social distancing/isolation measures for the first time. As part of a larger survey, participants were asked to respond via an open-ended question about how COVID-19 had impacted their family. A total of 2,130 parents were included and represented a diverse range of family backgrounds. Inductive template thematic analysis was used to understand patterns of meaning across the texts. Six themes were derived from the data, including: 'Boredom, depression and suicide: A spectrum of emotion'; 'Families are missing the things that keep them healthy'; 'Changing family relationships: The push pull of intimacy'; 'The unprecedented demands of parenthood'; 'The unequal burden of COVID-19'; and 'Holding on to positivity'. Overall, the findings demonstrated a breadth of responses. Messages around loss and challenge were predominant, with many families reporting mental health difficulties and strained family relationships. However, not all families were negatively impacted by the restrictions, with some families reporting positive benefits and meaning, including opportunities for strengthening relationships, finding new hobbies, and developing positive characteristics such as appreciation, gratitude and tolerance.
Who does or does not use the “Corona-Warn-App” and why?
Authors: Horstmann Kai Tobias , Buecker Susanne , Krasko Julia , Kritzler Sarah , Terwiel Sophia
Published: August 2020

To slow the spread of SARS-CoV-2, the German government released the “Corona-Warn-App”, a smartphone application that warns users if they have come into contact with other users tested posi- tive for SARS-CoV-2. Since using the "Corona-Warn-App" is health-relevant behavior, it is essential to understand who is (and who is not) using it and why. In N = 1,972 German adults, we found that non-users were on average older, female, healthier, in training, and had low general trust in others. Most frequently named reasons by non-users were privacy concerns, doubts about the effectiveness of the app, and lack of technical equipment.
Study strategies of first-year undergraduates with and without dyslexia and the effect of gender
Authors: Tops Wim , Callens Maaike , Glatz Toivo , Premchand Angie , Brysbaert Marc
Published: August 2020

For students to be successful in higher education, they need not only have motivation and sufficient intellectual ability, but also a wide range of study skills as well as the metacognitive ability to determine when a change in strategy is needed. We examined whether first-year undergraduates with dyslexia (N=100) differ from peers without learning disabilities (N=100) in the use of study strategies. The Learning and Study Strategies Inventory was used and potential gender differences were investigated. Matched for age, gender and field of study, fluid intelligence scores were comparable between groups. The self-reports showed that knowledge of test taking strategies was more limited in the dyslexic group. Also, ‘fear of failure’ was higher in the dyslexic students. Further analyses revealed group × gender interactions for motivation, time management and fear of failure, with female undergraduates outperforming their male counterparts. Implications for secondary education and university, as well as college student support services are discussed.
Mode and Frequency of Covid-19 Information Updates, Political Values, and Future Covid-19 Vaccine Attitudes
Authors: McAndrew Siobhan , Allington Daniel
Published: August 2020

The effect of social media consumption on perceptions of the seriousness of the Covid-19 pandemic, attitudes to public health requirements, and intentions towards a future Covid-19 vaccine are of live public health interest. There are also public health and security concerns that the pandemic has been accompanied and arguably further amplified by an ‘infodemic’ spreading misinformation. Tests of the effect of social media consumption on future Covid-19 vaccine intentions using population samples have been relatively few to date. This study contributes to the evidence base by examining social media consumption and vaccine intentions using British and US population samples.Methods: Data were gathered on 1,663 GB adults and 1,198 US adults from an online panel on attitudes towards a future vaccine alongside self-reported social and legacy broadcast and print media consumption. Ordered and binomial logit models were used to assess reported intentions regarding a future Covid-19 vaccine, testing the effects of media consumption type. Respondents were categorised in terms of their media consumption using a fourfold typology, as less frequent social, less frequent legacy media consumers (low-low); high social, low legacy media consumers (high-low); low social, high legacy (low-high); and high social, high legacy (high-high).Results: In the British sample, regression results indicate that those who receive Covid-19 updates more frequently via legacy media (low-high), and those being updated more than daily via both online and legacy media consumers, tend to provide significantly less Covid-19 vaccine-hesitant responses than low-low consumers. There is no significant difference between high social, low legacy media consumers and low-low consumers. In the US sample, membership of the low-high group is associated with lower Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy compared with low-low consumers. However, respondents consuming both social and legacy media several times daily exhibit similar vaccine intentions on average to those consuming social media daily and legacy media less often, providing a contrast with the UK sample. We also identify differences in Covid-19 vaccine intentions relating to demographics and political values.Conclusions: Differences in vaccine attentions are associated with the extent and balance of consumption of news relating to Covid-19 and its source. Political values and ethnic identity also appear to structure attitudes to a future Covid-19 vaccine.
Beyond Traditional Measures of Personality with BISCUIT and BARE: A New Statistical Learning Technique and Behavioral Item Pool to Push Personality Psychology Forward
Authors: Elleman Lorien Grey
Published: August 2020

This dissertation investigates two ways in which personality psychology should move beyond the traditional approach of measuring personality with broad domains composed of trait descriptors, as exemplified by the Big Five taxonomy. The first study (Chapter 2) suggests an alternative to the traditional approach of aggregating personality items into domains. Mounting evidence indicates that, compared to domains, narrower measures of personality account for more variance in criteria and describe personality-criterion relationships more accurately. Analysis of individual personality items is the most granular approach to studying personality and is typically performed with statistical learning techniques (SLTs). The first study: (a) champions a new statistical learning technique, BISCUIT; (b) finds that BISCUIT provides a balance between prediction and parsimony; and (c) replicates previous findings that the broadness of the Big Five traits hinder their predictive power.The second study (Chapter 3) suggests an alternative to the traditional approach of measuring personality with trait descriptors, or "traditional personality items." Of the three patterns commonly associated with personality (cognitions, emotions, and behaviors), behaviors are the least studied; traditional personality items tend to measure cognitions and emotions. Historically, yearlong patterns of specific behaviors have been thought of as criteria of personality measures, but the second study posits they should be classified as personality items because they measure patterns of behavior, a component of personality. The second study reviews and extends two pilot studies that indicated behavioral frequencies predict life outcomes, sometimes better than traditional personality items. The second study: (a) estimates the extent to which behavioral frequencies strengthen personality-criterion relationships above traditional personality items; (b) determines that some criteria are differentially predicted by personality item type; and (c) publishes an updated, public-domain item pool of behavioral frequencies: the BARE (Behavioral Acts, Revised and Expanded) Inventory.
Raman Spectroscopic Study of Valuable Idols from UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Katuwal T. , Acharya S. K. , Bashyal B. , Neupane C. , Sapkota B. , Parajuli R. , Khanal R.
Published: August 2020

As an important step towards the conservation of valuable world heritage assets in Kathmandu, we performed Raman spectral studies on several valuable idols located in UNESCO World Heritage Sites for internal identification purposes. A spectrum of a stone idol in the Mohankali Chowk has a major band at 1093.5 cm-1 which may be identified as a C-O stretching vibration within the carbonate groups of CaCO3. The Raman spectra of a bull situated in the same Chowk has two major bands at the wavenumbers of 1812.7 and 3552.4 cm-1 which are assigned as combined vibrational modes of CO3 and hydroxyl stretching band, respectively. Similarly, the spectrum of a Shivalinga located at Pashupati Bankali has a major band at 467.7 cm-1. This band is formed by the movement of the oxygen atom in Si-O-Si, which is a symmetric stretching mode indicating the presence of crystalline silica (SiO2) in the Shivalinga. The Raman spectrum of Lord Changunarayan in Garuda located in the Changunarayan temple premises has a strong band at the wavenumber 462.6 cm-1, denoting the presence of quartz (SiO2).
Variation of GPS- Tec Measurements of the Year 2014: A Comparative Study with IRI - 2016 Model
Authors: Ghimire B. D. , Chapagain N. P. , Basnet V. , Bhatta K. , Khadka B.
Published: August 2020

Total Electron Content (TEC) measured from Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers at latitude of 29.17°N and longitude of 80.62°E in Bardiya and TEC derived from IRI- 2016 model is compared for the year 2014, which is geo- magnetically active year. To find out the reliability of IRI-2016 model, comparative study of GPS- TEC and IRI- TEC is very helpful for the study of TEC variations. In this work diurnal, day to day, month to month and seasonal variations of GPS- TEC and IRI- TEC are analyzed. The comparative study shows that the highest value of VTEC (53 TECU) is found on the day of 61 and over estimation of IRI-TEC over GPS TEC were found from day 151 to day 258. Similarly, months of March and December are the highest and lowest values of VTEC obtained respectively. For monthly variation, IRI-TEC is followed by the pattern of variation with GPS- TEC, where peak value is found to be around 0800 UT to 1100 UT (0145 LT to 0445 LT). The higher values of both GPS- TEC and IRI TEC have been found in spring season, while the lower values are in winter season in case of IRI TEC and partially in summer (before 1000 UT) and winter (after 10UT) in case of GPS TEC. The maximum difference between the value of IRI modeled TEC and GPS TEC has been found to be around 15 TECU, whereas the minimum value is almost around 1 TECU. The correlation between IRI- 2016 modeled TEC and GPS- TEC has been found to be positive (0.57) showing good matching on variations of GPS TEC and IRI-model results.
Computational Study of Damage Profiles and Energy Loss of Gallium Ion in Germanium Substrate
Authors: Giri K. , Bhandari A.
Published: August 2020

Computational calculation of energy loss and study of damage profiles during ionic implantation by gallium ions on germanium had been carried out. The required energies for doping of gallium ion on germanium, in order to obtain maximum damage at 600 Å, were calculated using SRIM; Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter. The ions when implanted independently on germanium causes the production of germanium recoils, vacancy-interstitial pairs, and phonons during the collision process. For 130 keV gallium ion, the energy used for ionization, phonon production and vacancies creation are 37.713 keV (29.01% of incident energy), 90.006 keV (64.29% of incident energy) and 8.71 keV (6.7% of incident energy) respectively. The amount of target displacement, replacement collisions and vacancies were also evaluated. Doping of gallium ions on germanium also reveals that the energy loss due to nuclear stopping was greater than electronic stopping.
Estimation of Monthly Averaged Daily Solar Radiation with Sunshine Hours, Temperature, and Relative Humidity in Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Pant B. P. , Budha B. , Poudyal K. N. , Acharya B.
Published: August 2020

This study is mainly concerned with the performance of various single and multiple meteorological parameter models to estimate the global solar radiation (GSR) on the horizontal site of Kathmandu, Nepal located at 27.69° N, 85.35° E at an altitude of 1338 meter from the sea level. The main concern of this research is to evaluate the preciseness and appropriateness of various models and to do that we have implemented diverse statistical tests. The results exhibit that all the used models have a good correlation for the determination of monthly averaged daily global solar radiation on the horizontal site of Kathmandu. Nonetheless, the sunshine hour and temperature-based model have shown a better agreement between the measured and estimated GSR of the studied site with RMSE and R2 values 0.88 and 0.87, respectively. The value of correlation coefficients a, b and c are found to be 0.42, 0.53, and 0.01, successively.
Putrescible Waste Landfills as Bird Habitats in Urban Cities: A case from an Urban Landfill in the Colombo District of Sri Lanka
Authors: Marasinghe S.S. , Perera P.K.P. , Dayawansa P.N.
Published: August 2020

As putrescible waste landfills are reliable and rich sources of food, these man-made habitats can support large populations of avifauna composed of different feeding guilds. Unusually high population inflations of few opportunistic species of birds could impose a severe impact on the overall ecological balance. We studied the bird community in an open waste dump located in a highly urbanised area in the Colombo District, Sri Lanka. Bird census were performed using block counts in two contrasting sites of the landfill i.e., active dumping area and inactive dumping area between April 2015 and March 2016. Abundance and density of birds were significantly higher in the active dumping area than in the inactive area. The inactive dumping area accounted for the highest avifaunal richness, diversity and evenness. Bubulcus ibis and Corvussplendens were the dominant species at the active dump, and their foraging and social behaviors probably discouraged other bird species from exploiting food resources in the dump despite belonging to different feeding guilds. The forging bird community at the landfill exhibited seasonal variations in abundance and other interspecific interactions. Since the influx of large numbers of birds to landfills can potentially cause numerous environmental issues in urban areas, the current study highlights the importance of study of the seasonal patterns of bird communities in relation to location and management of landfills.
Коронаэкономика: новый мир после пандемии
Authors: Генкин А. С.
Published: August 2020

Многофакторный системный кризис в результате пандемии коронавируса COVID-19 обуславливает наступление критических изменений в целом ряде отраслей мировой экономики. Автор проводит анализ мнений ведущих отечественных и зарубежных экспертов по этой тематике. Результатом является консенсус-прогноз о наиболее вероятных и ожидаемых в «постковидную»эпоху трендах в таких сферах, как: транспорт и логистика, организация труда, цифровые и бесконтактные платежи, мониторинг с использованием

Интернета вещей и больших данных, цифровизация

потребительского опыта, здравоохранение, закрепление

цифровой инфраструктуры, образование, бесконтактные интерфейсы и взаимодействия, автоматизация и роботизация, общественное устройство и государственное управление, занятость, развитие е-спорта, онлайн-эвенты и др.
Stipulation of Rights in the Practice of Nikah Al-Khitbah According to the Fuqaha’ and the Islamic Family Law in Malaysia (Penetapan Syarat di dalam amalan Nikah Khitbah menurut Fuqaha’ dan Undang-Undang Keluarga Islam di Malaysia)
Authors: Sitiris Miszairi , @ Shamsuddin Mustafa bin Mat Jubri , Bin Awang Hamat Mohd Afandi
Published: August 2020

Nikahal-khitbah or popularly known as nikah gantung became a choice of a handful of teenagers especially among university students in Malaysia due to financial constraints and educational reason. Such type of wedding practice raises a number of questions related to juristic issues. This is because the practice of Nikahal-khitbah involves establishing some limitation of rights that violate the purpose or intent of marriage. Among others, the spouses agree to defer some of their rights such as declining the right of nafaqah and the right of sexual intercourse which are against the original purpose (muqtada aqd) of marriage contract. This paper aims to study the opinions of jurists (FuqahÉ’) regarding such limitation or agreement in marriage contract and their validity according to the Islamic Family Law in Malaysia. This paper relies on analytical study in discussing the opinions of the Fuqaha’ and understanding the legal texts of the law related to the matter. This study found that marriage practice through nikah al-khitbah is valid according to the majority views of FuqahÉ’. Islamic family laws in Malaysia do not deny the validity of such marriage practices although there are some legal effects on the limitation of marriage rights.          
Keywords: Agreement in marriage contract, nikah al-khitbah, permission by the wali, Islamic Family Law in Malaysia.
Abstrak
Nikah al-khitbah atau lebih dikenali dengan nikah gantung menjadi pilihan segelintir remaja terutamanya di kalangan pelajar universiti di Malaysia atas faktor kekangan kewangan serta pelajaran. Amalan pernikahan ini menimbulkan beberapa pertanyaan berkaitan hukum fiqh. Ini adalah kerana di dalam amalan pernikahan secara nikah al-khitbah melibatkan penetapan beberapa syarat tertentu yang menyalahi maksud serta tujuan pernikahan. Antaranya, pasangan suami isteri bersetuju untuk melepaskan hak mereka terhadap pasangan mereka, iaitu hak mendapat nafaqah dan hak melakukan hubungan kelamin, yang mana ianya bercanggah dengan matlamat asal atau muqtada akad nikah. Objektif kertas kerja ini adalah untuk mengkaji pandangan para Fuqaha’ terhadap pensyaratan atau perjanjian sebegitu di dalam akad nikah dan keterikatannya menurut Undang-Undang Keluarga Islam di Malaysia. Kertas kerja ini menggunakan kaedah analis di dalam membincangkan pandangan Fuqaha’ dan di dalam memahami peruntukan undang-undang berkaitan dengan perkara tersebut. Kajian ini mendapati bahawa amalan perkahwinan secara nikah al-khitbah adalah sah menurut pandangan majoriti FuqahÉ’. Undang-Undang Keluarga Islam di Malaysia tidak menafikan kesahan amalan pernikahan tersebut walaupun terdapat beberapa kesan undang-undang terhadap syarat yang ditetapkan.           
Kata Kunci: Pensyaratan di dalam akad nikah, nikah al-khitbah, izin wali, Undang-Undang Keluarga Islam di Malaysia.
مفهوم التجربة الدينية وخصائصها من المنظرين الغربي والإسلامي: جيفري لانغ نموذجاً ( The Concept of Religious Experience and its Characteristics from the Western and Islamic perspectives: Jeffrey Lang as Model)
Authors: خياطة قطان لانا , شيخو فطمير
Published: August 2020

يحاول هذا البحث أن يناقش مفهوم التجربة الدينية وخصائصها في الفكرين الغربي والإسلامي، حيث سعى الكثير من العلماء والفلاسفة لتوضيح هذا المفهوم. وإن غاية هذه الدراسة أن تعرض جوهر التجربة الدينية عند عالم الرياضيات الأمريكي "جيفري لانغ -1954"، كنموذج لمهتد للإسلام، بعد أن كان مسيحياً "كاثوليكياً"، ثم قضى عشر سنوات في ظلام الإلحاد. إن هذا البحث دراسة تهمُّ المسلمين في عصرنا الحالي (أصليين ومهتدين جُدد)، من خلال عرض جوهر التَّجربة الدِّينيَّة لنموذجٍ حيّ ووضعها تحت المجهر، لنموذج ممن أبصروا النُّور بعقولهم، ولامسوا الحقيقة بأرواحهم، فسطَّروا الصِّراع الدَّاخلي الذي اعتمل في نفوسهم، لينطق اللِّسان بشهادة الإسلام. وقد انتهج هذا البحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، من خلال دراسة كتبه وتحليل النصوص التي وصفت تجربته الدينية، سعياً إلى فهم دواعيها وتحليلها ومعرفة خصائصها، لتخرج بحقيقة أن للقرآن مركزية محورية في الإجابة على جميع التساؤلات الإيمانية المتعلقة بالشكوك الدينية.
.الكلمات المفتاحيّة: القرآن، الخبرة الدينية، المنظور الإسلامي، المنظور الغربي، الإلحاد   
Abstract
This research attempts to discuss the concept of religious experience and its characteristics in both, Western thought and Islamic thought, where many scientists and philosophers sought to explain this concept. The purpose of this study is to expose the essence of the religious experience of the American mathematician, Jeffrey Lang-1954, as a model for reverting to Islam, after he was a Catholic Christian. Then, he spent ten years in the darkness of atheism. This research is a study of great interest to contemporary Muslims (indigenous and new reverts) by presenting the essence of the religious experience of a living model for those who saw through it the light in their minds, and touched the truth with their lives, and prevailed over their internal conflicts by letting themselves to witness the testimony of Islam. The descriptive and analytical approaches are utilized while studying Jeffrey’s books and the analysis of texts describing his religious experience. This is done to understand and know the reasons behind his religious experience, its analysis and its characteristics as well as to discover the fact that the Qur’an has a pivotal centralization to answer all questions of faith related to religious doubts.
Keywords: Qur’an, religious experience, Islamic perspective, Western perspective, atheism.
How We Treat Genitourinary Cancers During COVID-19 Pandemic?
Authors: Dabkara Deepak , Ganguly Sandip , Ghosh Joydeep , Patel Amol , Batra Atul , Krushna Das Chandan , Tilak TVSVGK , Biswas Bivas
Published: August 2020

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome - coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a pandemic and affected the entire globe. Daily routine life is affected due to global restriction of movement and infected more than 3.7 million peoples in more than 200 countries. It’s an invisible enemy which has imposed a clear threat to the humanity. Patients other than COVID-19 is also suffering a lot due to this unforeseen circumstances. This pandemic also shaken the powerful nations with best of healthcare settings. Oncology is a unique sector of healthcare as cancer patients are at more risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and cancer treatments are also affected. Many regulatory bodies and professional organizations have come up with guidelines for healthcare personals and patients to guide anti-cancer treatment during COVID-19 pandemic. It’s time to formulate local treatment guidelines to guide cancer treatment with optimum use of healthcare resources at society and national level keeping in mind the load of COVID-19 at the concerned region. We have formulated guidelines to manage genitourinary cancer patients during this pandemic, especially in resource constraint setting with the aim of – optimum treatment of these patients with reduction of risk of contracting SARS-CoV-2 infection without affecting oncological outcome.
Radiotherapy as a Cure for Covid-19 Pneumonia: Is this a Possibility?
Authors: Medhi Partha Pratim , Bansal Shashank , Momin Faridha Jane , Bora Ghritashee
Published: August 2020

The ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has affected the healthcare system worldwide to a great extent. Millions of people have succumbed to the disease which might vary from mild febrile illness to severe Acute Lung Injury ultimately resulting in ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome). The mechanism of lung pathology due to SARS CoV-2 infection though unclear, is thought to be due to an imbalance in the inflammatory cascade; leading to a condition called Chemokine Release Syndrome. Low dose Radiotherapy which was historically used to treat Pneumonia, can serve as an approach for this subset of patients; by virtue of its anti-inflammatory response. Thus, in the present time, where a perfect cure is yet to derived all possible interventions should be looked upon with a ray of hope.
Socio-Cultural and Economic Impact of Corona Virus on Cancer Patients, Caregivers and Survivors
Authors: Hoda Wasimul , Bharati Sachidanand Jee , Kumar Abhinav , Choudhary Priyanka , Shankar Abhishek
Published: August 2020

Corona Virus Disease -19 (COVID-19) pandemic has a widespread impact on social, cultural and economic aspects of life. It has affected cancer patients in a big way because with onset of COVID-19 pandemic, the healthcare resources were diverted to handle Corona virus infection. The cancer patient, their caregivers and healthcare professional are in dilemma of whether to continue the treatment or stop it for some time till COVID-19 infection settled down. The long-lasting effect of COVID-19 pandemic on socio-economic and mental health of cancer patients and health care workers will emerge in times to come. It is important that a tight balance be made between cancer treatment and its interruption due to COVID-19.
COVID-19 in Cancer Patients: A Case Study in Viet Nam
Authors: Vo Tuyen Kim Cat , Huynh Nhi Ngoc Yen , Nguyen Dai Duc , Ta Nguyen Ha , Nguyen Minh Thien , Nguyen Tai Van , Dang Huy Thanh , Le Ngoan Tran
Published: August 2020

Objectives: The aim was to describe the characteristics and outcomes of treatments for coronavirus infection in cancer survivors in Viet Nam from 23 January to 6 May 2020. Methods: We accessed data registration and publication of cases tested positive with COVID-19 by the Ministry of Health in Viet Nam. Characteristics of reported positive cases included age, sex, sources of infection, nationality, the onset of symptoms, and history of chronic diseases. The outcomes included incubation, suspected, clinical course, and clearance time by the subgroup of patients having a history of cancer and non-cancer. T-test was used to compare two means of these groups. Results: Three men patients were cancer survivors (1.1% of 271 cases),a Chinese business aged 66 having lung cancer (ICD-10: C34), a Sweden tourism aged 64 having blood cancer (ICD-10: C81-C96), and a Vietnamese aged 71 having liver cancer (ICD-10: C22). The remaining 268 patients were free-cancer. The clinical course of three cancer survivors was 17.3 days that were shorter 3.2 days when compared to non-cancer, p=0.2068. The estimated suspected time was longer in cancer survivors (5.3 days) than non-cancer (1.5 days), p =0.0394. The mean age was older in cancer survivors (67-year-old) than non-cancer (35.5-year-old), p =0.0003. Conclusions: Cancer survivors might be at high risk of COVID-19 infection due to their underlying vulnerable health condition related to cancer disease and they need extra care to minimize the risk of infection from coronavirus.
COVID-19 – sharing experiences of Medical Universities
Authors: Ataniyazova Oral A , Moshammer Hanns , Yari Saeed , Ivanov Dmitry , Jarrahi Alireza Mosavi
Published: August 2020

The Medical University of Karakalpakstan in Nukus, Uzbekistan, as host, in collaboration with the Medical University of Vienna, Austria, and the Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University from Russia, in May 2020 organized an online seminar with the title “COVID-19 – sharing experiences of Medical Universities”. Indeed the pandemic has hit many countries throughout the world with unexpected force and healthcare systems often were not prepared. That experience clearly showed the need for international cooperation and coordination. It was a sad observation that instead often mistrust and national egoism prevailed.
Covid - 19: Morbidity Structure and Control Measures in Russia
Authors: Yurievna Lapina Elizaveta , Gennadievich Puzyrev Viktor
Published: August 2020

are important, and used to be well known, human and animal pathogens.A novel coronavirus was identified at the end of 2019, as the cause of a number of pneumonia cases in city in the Hubei Province of China, Wuhan. Appeared to be a highly contagious anthroponotic infection. It rapidly caused an epidemic throughout China, hereafter an increasing number of cases in other countries throughout the world. All age groups, including children, are susceptible to the virus, but this age group is more likely to be asymptomatic. However, children may play a great epidemiological role in the spread of the virus with the absence of clinical signs of respiratory disease. Elderly people are the most severe carriers of the virus, as well as people with concomitant diseases. In February 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) designated the disease COVID-19, which stands for coronavirus disease 2019 [4]. The virus that causes COVID-19 is designated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); before, it was referred to as 2019-nCoV. We conducted meta-analysis of currently available data to summarize knowledge about the current epidemic in Russia, the dynamic of spread of the infection and management of the disease. Quarantine measures, which were carried out rather quickly, avoided the rapid spread of infection and thus contributed to a gradual increase in the load on medical facilities. As a result, most hospitals had time to prepare for an increased number of patients with coronavirus infection.
WHO Response to COVID-19 and Technical Support in Uzbekistan: Capacity-building Focus
Authors: Kasymova Nazokat
Published: August 2020

The main aim of the present paper is to summarize the WHO efforts on capacity building (or capacity development of health care specialists and medical institutions to improve and retain the skills, knowledge, tools and competencies) both globally and at the national level in Uzbekistan. The joint approach of national governments, international organizations, health care providers and civil society is necessary to assure the effectiveness and quality of the response to the COVID-19 epidemic.
Covid-19: Effect on Hemostasis
Authors: Dmitrii V Zabolotsky , Viktor A Koryachkin , Viktor.G Puzyrev
Published: August 2020

Since December 2019, the first cases of coronavirus infection began to be registered, by now there is enough data accumulated to analyze the pathogenesis of the disease, as well as to develop etiopathogenetic treatment. The cytokine storm and coronaviral induced coagulopathy are considered to be the main pathogenesis link, which made possible to develop an etiopathogenic treatment. Cytokine Storm destroys precursor cells and reduces platelet production. The further formation of autoimmune complexes leads to thrombocytic destruction and induces damage to the endothelial cells of lung capillaries. Recommended direct parenteral anticoagulants treatment with low-molecular weight heparin forms (LMHs).
Public Health in Eastern Europe
Authors: Davidova Evguenia
Published: August 2020

Heike Karge, Friederike Kind-Kovacs, and Sara Bernasconi, eds., From the Midwife’s Bag to the Patient’s File: Public Health in Eastern Europe, Budapest: Central European University Press, 2017, vii–xix, 349 pp., $70.00/€62.00 (hardback), ISBN: 978-963-386-208-7.

Constantin Barbulescu, Physicians, Peasants, and Modern Medicine: Imagining Rurality in Romania, 1860–1910, translated by Angela Jianu, Budapest: Central European University Press, 2018, xi–xii, 292 pp., $60.00/€50.00 (hardback), ISBN: 978-963-386-267-4.