bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of weldability in junction of dissimilar materials using the welding process by conventional rotary friction – FW
Authors: Monteiro PSP , Nakamoto Francisco Yastami , Santos GA
Published: March 2020

The objective of this project is to study the behavior of weldability, heat affected zone and thermal conductivity of the solid state junctions for various applications. The joints will be obtained through the conventional rotary friction (FW) process, combining the heat generated through the friction of two surfaces and bonding by hot forging, produced at temperatures lower than the melting temperature of the base materials. The results will be analyzed through mechanical stress tests such as tensile, compression, folding, Vickers microhardness, Charpy impact and metallographic. The strength of the joint will be analyzed given some input variables such as: friction time, forging pressure and speed of rotation.
Numerical Simulation of Hydraulic Jump over Rough Beds
Authors: Nikmehr Saman , Aminpour Younes
Published: March 2020

In this study, the hydraulic jumps over rough beds are numerically simulated. In order to calibrate the numerical model, the experimental data were used, which performed in a rectangular flume in various roughness arrangements and different Froude numbers. The effect of the distance (s) and the height (t) of the roughness on different characteristics of the hydraulic jump, including the sequent depth ratio, water surface profile, jump’s length, roller’s length, and velocity distribution were evaluated and compared. The results showed that the numerical model is fairly well able to simulate the hydraulic jump characteristics. The results also showed that the height and distance of roughness slightly reduced the sequent depth ratios for all Froude numbers. Also, the hydraulic jump length is reduced at the presence of the rough bed. Velocity profiles in different experiments were similar and there was a good agreement between simulated and measured results. Also, increasing the distance and the height of the roughness will slow down the velocity near the bed, increase the shear stress, and increase the gradient of the velocity distribution near the bed.
Report on influenza viruses received and tested by the Melbourne WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza in 2018
Authors: Price Olivia H , Spirason Natalie , Rynehart Cleve , Brown Sook Kwan , Todd Angela , Peck Heidi , Patel Manisha , Soppe Sally , Barr Ian G , Chow Michelle K
Published: March 2020

As part of its role in the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS), the WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza in Melbourne received a total of 3993 human influenza-positive samples during 2018. Viruses were analysed for their antigenic, genetic and antiviral susceptibility properties. Selected viruses were propagated in qualified cells or hens’ eggs for use as potential seasonal influenza vaccine virus candidates. In 2018, influenza A(H1)pdm09 viruses predominated over influenza A(H3) and B viruses, accounting for a total of 53% of all viruses analysed. The majority of A(H1)pdm09, A(H3) and influenza B viruses analysed at the Centre were found to be antigenically similar to the respective WHO-recommended vaccine strains for the Southern Hemisphere in 2018. However, phylogenetic analysis indicated that a significant proportion of circulating A(H3) viruses had undergone genetic drift relative to the WHO-recommended vaccine strain for 2018. Of 2864 samples tested for susceptibility to the neuraminidase inhibitors oseltamivir and zanamivir, three A(H1)pdm09 viruses showed highly reduced inhibition by oseltamivir, while one B/Victoria virus showed highly reduced inhibition by both oseltamivir and zanamivir.
Pirate Oaths, Mutinous Murmurings and British Counter-civilities at Sea in the Eighteenth Century
Authors: Buchan Bruce
Published: March 2020

If life aboard ship in the Royal Navy in the eighteenth century was characterised by sonic affirmations of the extensive and sometimes punitive powers granted to captains by the Articles of War, what status did that typically verbal of virtues, civility, possess? Historians have begun the task of using sound, noise and the other senses to reevaluate the meaning of civility in the eighteenth century through studies of conversation, urban life, domesticity and colonization. Comparatively less studied has been the sonic profile of civility at sea. This context, I argue, highlights a dialogical confrontation between different forms of civility. Often mistaken for uncivil, or impolite speech, pirate oaths, disaffected murmurings, and even mutinous rhetoric could voice a different order of civil conduct and be recognized as such by elite interlocutors. I argue here that by attending to the textual traces of stereotypically impolite speech in shipboard life, historians can listen to an enormously variable acoustic field of civility that suggests considerable conceptual elasticity. The frequently caustic and often uneasy dialogue between what might be termed plebeian ‘counter-civilities’ and more ‘polite’ forms of elite civility in the eighteenth century provides a largely uncharted sonic context of civility at sea.
What, if Anything, Can the History of Emotions Learn from the Neurosciences?
Authors: Tepora Tuomas
Published: March 2020

The last decade has seen a wave of scholarship on both the history of emotions and the affective and social neurosciences. Both disciplines promote the view that emotions serve partly cognitive and goal-driven functions and are thus susceptible to change. Differences are, however, marked in understanding the nature of the change in question. Is it rooted in social constructivism or neuroplasticity? Are these two paradigms mutually exclusive or compatible? Is it even possible or intellectually sound to utilize ‘laboratory-produced’ and isolated data in historical studies? Nevertheless, in light of recent research on the connections between the history of emotions and the neurosciences the article suggests that the interplay between the historical and brain-scientific knowledge may be more fruitful than has previously been understood. Thus far the implications of the critical and social brain sciences for the history of emotions remain to be worked out.

This article proposes an intellectual move from linguistically defined constructivism towards a more corporeal understanding of emotions with a constructivist element. This leads us theoretically towards an understanding of emotions as biocultural, historically changing experiences and intellectual concepts, which, however, possess certain transcultural continuities. The article highlights the intrinsic and dynamic relationship between pan-human characteristics and cultural, normative and temporal variance in emotions. However, the article explores the methodological difficulties and dangers of applying specific brain-scientific data to historical study. The difficulty arises mainly from the academic distance between the history of emotions and the neurosciences.
Trade, Exoticism and the English Appropriation of South Asian Pickles, c. 1600–1750
Authors: Paralkar Anil
Published: March 2020

South Asian pickles, or achar, were the first processed food to arrive from the subcontinent to Europe. While the earliest European references stem from Portuguese texts of the sixteenth century, evidence of cooking instructions date from the second half of the seventeenth century. Utilizing sources like botanical literature, travelogues, and recipes, this paper focuses on the introduction of achar to England in between 1600 to 1750. The first part investigates the initial trade of these pickles to Europe, in particular to England. The second part discusses how English authors developed an understanding of achar, which promoted the use of certain ingredients and preparation methods. This understanding did not account for the multiple diverging types of achar in South Asia, but represented an essentialized concept of the dish, which found its expression in English achar-recipes. The third part argues that this style of achar constituted an appropriation of the food, as it was adapted to European tastes and made ‘exotic’ enough but not too ‘exotic’ for the English palate. Thus, this article offers a case study on the introduction of South Asian food to England, which shows the power structures involved in global culinary exchanges.
Can Expense Ratios Signal Performance? An Analysis of Equity ETFs & Mutual Funds
Authors: Gamble James
Published: March 2020

This study examines the impact of the emergence of exchange-traded funds (ETFs) as an alternative investment vehicle to mutual funds. As the number of ETFs continues to rise, we investigate potential risks and disadvantages posed by ETFs in comparison to traditional mutual funds. ­We compare the returns, performance, and expense ratios of ETFs to those of mutual funds. We find that expense ratios are positively correlated with actively managed mutual fund returns and that passive funds have outperformed active funds since their inception. There is downward pressure on mutual fund fees over time, suggesting increased competition between mutual funds and ETFs. We also find, up to a certain threshold, actively managed funds are worth their costs.
KEYWORDS: Exchange-Traded Fund (ETF); Mutual Fund; Investing; Fee Structure; Expense Ratio; Passive (Active) Investing; Portfolio Management; Indexing
The Allele Frequency of the HFE gene mutation H63D (rs1799945) and Its Relationship to a Hereditary Hemochromatosis Diagnosis in Metabolic Nutrition Students at Virginia Tech
Authors: Ferqueron Tyler , Anderson Angela , Good Deborah
Published: March 2020

Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is a disease that causes excess iron absorption from the diet. This excess iron can be stored in the liver, skin, heart, pancreas, and joints, and then can lead to other health conditions, as the human body has no way of actively excreting iron. The human hemochromatosis protein (HFE protein) is encoded by the HFE gene, and mutations in this gene can lead to a dysfunction of the protein resulting in HH or iron overload later in adulthood. The objective of this study was to analyze the mutant allele frequency and the penetrance of the H63D mutation (SNP rs1799945) of the HFE gene in a cohort of Virginia Tech students. This study had a total of 69 participants. Fifty-two participants provided saliva samples, genomic data from 23andMe®, and surveys with phenotypic information. Of these, 6 were genotyped using the RFLP technique and served as controls for genotype confirmation. An additional 17 participants provided saliva samples, but did not provide 23andMe® data; genomic DNA from these participants were genotyped using the RFLP technique. Our results showed that although none of the participants had been diagnosed with HH, the mutant allele frequency of this population was 13.04%. In conclusion, as HH is usually diagnosed in older adults, we could not identify any students with a phenotype of HH, even though we could detect the mutant allele. This data suggests that affordable and accessible genetic ancestry and health kits such as the 23andMe® kit, could provide an efficient way to identify, prevent, and manage HH and other genetic diseases before symptoms arise.
KEYWORDS: Hereditary Hemochromatosis; Iron Absorption; Single Nucleotide Polymorphism; Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism; College Student Population; 23andMe®; Population Analysis; Survey Results
Exploring the Relationship between Dystopian Literature and the Activism of Generation Z Young Adults
Authors: Jerald Aysha
Published: March 2020

Some recent research has posited that the independent and revolutionary traits of Generation Z can be traced to the circumstances of their births, specifically the 9/11 attacks and the Great Recession. While there has been research examining the effect of these events on the type of behavior Generation Z exhibits towards political and societal issues, there has been little research that examines the literary culture in which they grew up. Did popular dystopian works such as Catching Fire by Suzanne Collins (2009), Divergent by Veronica Roth (2011), and The Maze Runner by James Dashner (2009) have an impact on their political identities and behaviors? This paper examines that question by using a mixed method approach: a public questionnaire, thirteen in-depth interviews with a select group of Generation Z students from the University of Georgia, and direct content analyses of the key works under consideration. This study argues that the relationship between dystopian literature and young adult activism may offer insight into the ways literature can be used as a revolutionary tool. This study also hopes to add to the literature exploring the characteristics of Generation Z and the significance dystopian literature may have not only on a young adult’s thoughts but also their actions.
KEYWORDS: Dystopian Literature; Dystopian Literary Media; Generation Z; Youth Activism; Literary Influence; Activist Typology; Aspects of Literary Response: A New Questionnaire; College Students; Divergent; Catching Fire; The Maze Runner; Literary Culture, The Hunger Games
A study on maximum length record of saddled seabream (Oblada melanura Linnaeus, 1758) caught off Gökçeada Island (Northern Aegean Sea, Turkey)
Authors: CENGİZ Özgür
Published: March 2020

A single specimen of Oblada melanura with 29.1 cm in total length and 390.00 g in total weight was obtained off Gökçeada Island (Northern Aegean Sea, Turkey) with gill nets by fisherman on February 2, 2020. Its length and weight were the maximum length record of saddled seabream for Northern Aegean coasts of Turkey.
Ortho-k lenses fitting in patients with “non-typical” corneas
Authors: Kravchuk Svetlana , Zhabina Olga
Published: March 2020

We described two clinical cases of ortho-k lenses fitting in patients with “non-typical” corneal curvature/diameter ratio. The main goal was to acknowledge effective and safe use of this myopia correction method in patients with corneal diameter greater than 11 mm. Individual approach to each patient is the key to a successful and safe ortho-k lenses fitting.
Laser vision correction technologies: from simple to complex
Authors: Shilova Tatiana
Published: March 2020

Laser vision correction is a simple and safe way to improve vision in cases of myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism. We analyzed differences of the existing laser vision correction technologies, their risks and side effects. The main objective of laser vision correction is to change corneal curvature in order to change its refractive power. Laser refractive surgery is the most common method of eliminating the need for glasses or contact lenses. The presented data was obtained from the analysis of scientific publications and by practical means.
Acquired myopia in the context of the theory of adaptation and the results of its primary prevention in elementary school by optical kinesiotherapy
Authors: Korepanov Alexander , Lyalin Anatoly , Pchelnikova Tatiana , Ivanova Anastasia
Published: March 2020

Purpose. To analyze the acquired myopia (AM) development features from the perspective of the adaptation theory and to evaluate the effectiveness of its primary prevention in elementary school children using the optical kinesiotherapy (OKT) method with Zenica optical simulators sets (Zenica LLC, international patent number WO 95/31743).
Material and methods. Acquired myopia can be considered as the result of passive adaptation of the visual system (VS) in case its operation is inadequate in near vision, according to the theory of adaptation. Therefore, the main goal of myopia preventive measures is to increase the visual system’s adaptive capabilities to adverse visual work conditions to the adequate level.
48 schoolchildren (96 eyes) with emmetropic refraction were observed during two academic years, starting from the first grade. There were 23 children in the main group who underwent 5 courses of OKT during the observation period. Preventive treatment was not carried out for children in the comparison group (25 children).
Results. There was no change in refraction in the main group by the end of the two-year observation period, while myopic refraction increased in 8 (8%) eyes in the comparison group. Positive-relative accommodation (PRA) increased by an average of 3.5±0.36 D (p<0.001) in the main group as a result of treatment, while in the comparison group its values improved on average by only 1.2±0.48 D (p<0.001) as a result of the natural PRA development.
The stability of visual perception (SVP) to hyperopic retinal defocus (HRD) increased by an average of 38%, and the width of the graph curves divergence increased by an average of 4.0 D as a result of the visual system adaptive resource correction using optical simulators in the main group. The SVP to HRD increased only by an average of 10%, and the width of the divergence of the graph’s curves increased only by 0.75 D in schoolchildren of the comparison group over the same period, due to the natural development of the visual system
Conclusion. Correction of the adaptive resources of visual system in elementary school students by OKT helps increase adaptive resources to an adequate level during the educational process, which helps prevent the risks of myopia.
Communicating Credibility by Expert Service Workers
Authors: Chong Phillipa , Bourgoin Alaric
Published: March 2020

One of the fastest-growing occupational groups in the US is expert service workers: knowledge workers who sell their expert knowledge and services on the free market. In this paper, we offer a comparative case study of how expert service workers, whom are hired for their professional evaluations, navigate the tensions of the expert service-client relation in a specific but critical way: How do they convince others that their professional recommendations are credible? Specifically, we draw on two disparate cases of expert evaluators, book reviewers and management consultants, and document two communicative patterns that these professional groups use to build the credibility of their professional recommendations: (i) transparency and (ii) distanciation. Similarities in the credibility tactics of these two sets of expert service workers from two very different worlds, the Arts and business, suggest their generalizable value. Hence, we conclude by discussing how our findings offer a general approach we call, the evaluative triangle, for studying the credibility tactics of expert claims across multiple worlds of work.
Surgical Risk and Pathological Results of Emergency Resection in the Treatment of Acutely Obstructing Colorectal Cancers: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Tebala Giovanni Domenico , Mingoli Andrea , Natili Andrea , Khan Abdul Qayyum , Brachini Gioia
Published: March 2020

Purpose: The treatment of acutely obstructing colorectal cancers is still a matter of debate. The prevailing opinion is that an immediate resection should be performed whenever possible. This study sought to determine whether immediate resection is safe and oncologically valid.Methods: We completed a retrospective 2-center cohort study using the medical records of patients admitted for acutely obstructing colorectal cancer under the care of the Colorectal Team, Noble’s Hospital, Isle of Man, and the Emergency Surgery Unit, Umberto I University Hospital, Rome, from March 2013 to May 2017. The primary endpoints were 90-day mortality and morbidity, reoperation rate, and length of stay. The secondary endpoints were status of margins, number of lymph nodes retrieved, and the rate of adequate nodal harvest.Results: Sixty-three patients were retrospectively enrolled in the study. Mortality was associated with age > 80 years and Dukes B tumors. The length of hospital stay was shorter in patients who had their resection less than 24 hours from their admission, in those who had laparoscopic resection and in those with distal tumors. The number of lymph nodes retrieved and rate of R0 resections were similar to those reported in elective colorectal surgery and were greater in laparoscopic resections and in patients operated on within 24 hours, respectively.Conclusion: Immediate resection is a safe and reliable option in patients with acutely obstructing colorectal cancer.
An Unusual Case of Colon Perforation With Multiple Transmural Ulcers After Use of Polmacoxib and Everolimus in a Metastatic Breast Cancer Patient
Authors: Song In-Gyu , Jung Kyung Uk , Kim Hyung Ook , Kim Hungdai , Chun Ho-Kyung
Published: March 2020

Everolimus (Afinitor) is an inhibitor of mammalian target of rapamycin. Polmacoxib (Acelex) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that belongs to the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor family and is mainly used for treatment of arthritis. Intestinal perforation has not been reported previously as a complication of everolimus, and perforation of the lower intestinal tract caused by a selective COX-2 inhibitor is extremely rare. We present here a case of colon perforation that occurred after use of polmacoxib in a metastatic breast cancer patient who had been treated with everolimus for the preceding six months.
Clostridium difficile Infection After Ileostomy Reversal
Authors: Kim Ho Seung , Kang Jae Hyun , Kim Han-gil , Kim Young Hun , Bae Hyeonwoo , Kim Nam Kyu
Published: March 2020

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) after ileostomy reversal is rare, with few reports available in the available literature describing this condition. The diagnosis of CDI after ileostomy reversal is challenging because symptoms such as diarrhea observed in these patients can occur frequently after surgery. However, CDI can be fatal, so early diagnosis and prompt treatment are important. We discuss 2 patients with positive C. difficile toxin assay results on stool cultures performed after ileostomy reversal. Clinical progression differed between these patients: one patient who presented with severe CDI and shock was successfully treated following a prolonged intensive care unit stay for the management of vital signs and underwent hemodialysis, while another patient showed symptoms of mild colitis but we could not confirm whether diarrhea was associated with CDI or with the usual postoperative state. To our knowledge, these represent 2 of just a few cases reported in the literature describing CDI after ileostomy reversal.
Hygienic assessment of health risks of the population living in the areas of intensive oil extraction
Authors: Suleimanov Rafail Anvarovich , Bakirov Akhat Barievich , Gimranova Galina Ganinovna , Valeev Timur Kamilevich
Published: March 2020

The purpose of the study was to establish hygienic procedures for reducing health risks of the population living and working near oil extraction sites. Based on the results obtained, we evaluated the quality of environmental settings in the oil extraction areas, studied working conditions of oil workers, and assessed public human health and occupational risks of the oil extraction industry. Oil extraction enterprises have been shown to be major sources of environmental and workplace pollution and to create a negative background causing adverse health effects.
The specifics of manipulative influence in contemporary social interactions and communications
Authors: Yuzhanin Maxim A.
Published: March 2020

In the presented article socio-psychological mechanisms and basic principles of communicative intersubjective mutual influence in a context of contemporary social reality are regarded, and also possible ways of overcoming the arising manipulations are designated. The main goal of the work can be considered to identify the conceptual foundations for the implementation of intersubjective manipulative influence, study the basic principles and methods of applied socio-psychological impact on the interpersonal and personal-group levels of communications and interactions, and define possible methods of effectively countering unwanted and harmful manipulations. As a result of the undertaken analysis, it was found that the methodology of intersubjective influence in modern society consists of 7 key principles based on the paradigm of standardized and stereotypical behavioural responses of members of society, which include the principles (and the corresponding methods of applied manipulative influence) of contrasting perception, mutual exchange, consistent commitment, social affirmation, determinate emotional disposition, and authority reference. The author’s interpretation and generalization of relevant areas and examples of domestic and foreign everyday social practice allowed forming a holistic vision of the issues under consideration. As a result, the presented article not only contains analytical conclusions about the nature and mechanisms of modern social interactions and communications, but also offers specific practical recommendations to avoid unwanted and dangerous intersubjective manipulative influences through the development of internal self-control in a person and the formation of a rationalized and differentiated critical perception surrounding people, the proposals and claims put forward by them, and following resulting social events. Thanks to this approach, modern citizens, voters, and consumers have the opportunity to stop being “passive puppets” in the skilful alien hands and turn into full-fledged actors, making independent decisions and forming their own behaviour models.
The Effectiveness of multiple intelligence based differentiated instruction on metacognitive reading comprehension in Arabic language among middle school students in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alsubaie Abdullah Mohammed
Published: March 2020

Identifying an effective instructional strategy, such as this of multiple intelligence based differentiated instruction to teach metacognitive reading comprehension is a goal for educators. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of multiple intelligence based differentiated instruction on metacognitive reading comprehension in Arabic language among middle school students in Saudi Arabia. The sample consisted of 61 third year- middle school students , from Ibn Sina Middle school for boys , in Al-Kharj Governorate , Saudi Arabia. They were from two classrooms. They aged 14-15 years old ( M= 14.9 years , SD= 0.621) . For the purpose of this study and for analyzing the data from the pre- and post-test, the author used two way ANOVA analysis and t-test. Two way. ANOVA analysis and t-test results indicated the effectiveness of multiple intelligence based differentiated instruction on metacognitive reading comprehension in Arabic language among middle school students in Saudi Arabia.
The activity approach implementation in the formation of students’ general technical competencies
Authors: Ivanov Mikhail Semenovich , Parnikova Tatyana Alekseevna , Gulyaev Vladimir Petrovich , Petrov Nikolay Vadimovich
Published: March 2020

Intensive reform of the higher education system requires a significant modernization of pedagogical technologies, methods and techniques used in the implementation of educational standards for the preparation of bachelors and specialists in all sectors of the economy. The practice of training engineering specialists for the agricultural sector of a region with a developed mining sector of the economy reveals deep roots of the objectively existing contradictions mentioned above. This article provides a summary of research results obtained during classes in the following disciplines of the general professional cycle: Resistance of Materials, Machine Parts, Engineering Technology. New paradigm of competency-based, activity approaches to the level of higher education should be adequately expressed by new pedagogical, educational and methodological developments. The modern educational and equipment status of most educational institutions allows active realizing innovative pedagogical technologies and methods, the effectiveness of which increases when they adapt to the mental characteristics of certain categories of students. The article outlines the main features for the development and implementation of practice-oriented classes activating and stimulating students' cognitive interest in mastering the necessary professional competencies in the study of general technical disciplines. The emergence and further maintenance of learning interest in the study of general technical disciplines by the rural youth among the students requires a full consideration of their personal experience, the mentality of a person brought up in the circumstances of purely practical everyday life. Therefore, a significant increase in the share of practice-oriented classes using the methods and techniques of the activity approach is probably the only way to stimulate and maintain the students’ learning interest.
Ethnic identity of saami teenagers – representatives of the indigenous peoples of the far north of Russia
Authors: Flotskaya Natalia , Bulanova Svetlana , Ponomareva Maria
Published: March 2020

This article addresses the problem of studying ethnic identity in Saami adolescents, representatives of indigenous peoples of the Russian Far North. The aim of the research is to study ethnic identity in adolescent Saami boys and girls. The article presents the results of an empirical research conducted using the “Types of ethnic identity” technique developed by G.U. Soldatova and S.V. Ryzhova. 39 Saami adolescents aged 12-13 years (18 boys and 21 girls) and 40 Saami adolescents aged 14-15 years (23 boys and 17 girls) participated in our empirical research as respondents. All the respondents live in the village of Lovozero in the Murmansk region. To identify specific features of ethnic identity development among Saami adolescents, we included ethnic Russian adolescent respondents: 59 people aged 12-13 years (31 boys and 28 girls), and 62 people aged 14-15 years (32 boys and 30 girls). Empirical data was collected in the period from April to May 2018. The analysis of the empirical research results allowed us to identify the dynamics in the development of ethno-nihilism, ethnic indifference, positive ethnic identity, ethno-egoism, ethno-isolationism and ethno-fanaticism in adolescent Saami boys and girls (12 to 15 years). The research revealed specific features of ethnic identity in Saami adolescents in comparison with their ethnic Russian agemates. The results of this research can be used to preserve and develop ethnic identity among indigenous adolescents in the Arctic territories of the European North of Russia. In future, this will allow to develop individual routes of training and education for indigenous adolescents in the Far North, to improve the system of psychological counselling and support. This will provide prospects for preservation of indigenous culture, traditions and ethnic identity, which will in its turn contribute to the development of the Northern territories, implementation of national interests, and achievement of the state strategic goals in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation.
The effect of teacher implemented Joint Attention intervention on improving teacher- child communication and social interaction among children with ASD
Authors: Alotaibi Abdulhadi Ali G.
Published: March 2020

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of teacher implemented JA intervention on improving teacher- child communication and social interaction among children with ASD. A pretest-posttest design, where the dependent variables are measured once before the treatment is implemented and once after it is implemented, was employed. MW Test was employed, run by SPSS V18.0. MW Test results indicated the effectiveness of teacher implemented Joint Attention intervention on improving teacher- child communication and social interaction among children with ASD. This study could contribute to the literature on teacher implemented Joint Attention intervention as there is dearth research in this area. The study is concerned with training young children with ASD in joint attention which may have substantial effect on their communication and social interaction.
MID-TERM OUTCOME OF PERFORATED DUODENAL ULCER REPAIR USING SINGLE-PORT LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY
Authors: Nguyen Huu Tri , Le Loc
Published: March 2020

Background: Single-port laparoscopic surgery (SPLS) is increasingly used in surgery and in the treatment of perforated duodenal ulcer. The aim of this study was to evaluate mid-term outcome of perforated duodenal ulcer repair using SPLS.
Methods: A prospective study on 72 consecutive patients diagnosed with perforated duodenal ulcer and treated with SPLS at Hue University Hospital and Hue Central Hospital from January 2012 to Mars 2016.
Results: The mean age was 48.8 ± 14.0 (17 - 79) years. Male/female ratio was 17.0. Four patients (5.6%) with history of abdominal surgery were successfully treated by pure SPLS. Patients were classified as ASA 1, ASA 2 and ASA 3 in 86.1%, 12.5%, and 1.4% of cases, respectively. Using Boey scoring system, there were 86.1% and 12.5% of cases classified as Boey 0 and Boey 1 while there were no Boey 2 and 3 cases. The average size of perforation was 4.1 ± 2.6 (1.5-22) mm. The perforation was situated on the anterior duodenal wall in 98.6% of cases and on the posterior duodenal wall in 1.4% of cases. There was one case (1.4%) in which one additional trocar was required. Conversion to open surgery was necessary in one patient (1.4%) in which the perforation was situated on the posterior duodenal wall. Average length of hospital stay was 5.7 ± 1.2 (4-12) days. Post-operative complications rate was 2.8%. There was no leakage from the repair site, no port-site hernia and no post-operative mortality. At 2-month follow-up visit, patients were classified as Visick 1 in 95.1% of cases and Visick 2 in 4.9% of cases and the duodenal ulcer was completely healed on gastroduodenoscopy in 86.7% of cases. At 12-month follow-up, patients were classified as Visick 1 in 93.5% of cases and Visick 2 in 4.3% of cases. There was one case (2.2%)diagnosed with recurrent duodenal ulcer perforation at 5 months after the repair of the first perforation. On gastroduodenoscopy, recurrent duodenal ulcer was seen in 8.9% of cases.
Conclusions: SPLS is a safe method for the treatment of perforated duodenal ulcer. Conversion rate was 1.4%. Recurrent duodenal ulcer rate was 8,9% and recurrent duodenal ulcer perforation rate was 2.2% after 12-month follow-up.

Key words: perforated duodenal ulcer, single port laparoscopic repair, single port laparoscopy
STUDY OF&NBSP; PRONOSTIC FACTORS AFTER 30 DAYS IN PATIENTS WITH INTRACRANIAL HEMORRAGIA
Authors: Tran Thi Kieu Diem , Nguyen Dinh Toan
Published: March 2020

Background and purpose: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) constitutes 10% to 15% of all strokes and remains without a treatment of proven benefit. Despite several existing outcome prediction models for ICH, there is no standard clinical grading scale for ICH analogous to those for traumatic brain injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage, or ischemic stroke.
Methods: Records of all patients with acute ICH presenting to the Neurology Department, Binh Dinh General Hospital from July 2014-March 2015. Clinical outcome assessed by mRankin score and was compared with each item of ICH scale. ROC-AUC was realized to evaluated the value of ICH in prognostic the outcome of cerebral hemorrhage at day 30.
Results: In the day 30: mortality rate was evaluated compared with mRS: In the group with ICH 0-1: no mortality, good outcome was 92.8% and 72.7%. ICH 2-3: mortlity rate increased 47.9% and 84.4%. ICH 4-5: mortality rate 100%. The prognostic predictor of ICH was high with Se 95%, Sp 59%. ROC-AUC 0.908, p<0.0001.
Conclusions: The ICH Score is a simple clinical grading scale that allows risk stratification on presentation with ICH. The use of a scale such as the ICH Score could improve standardization of clinical treatment protocols and clinical research studies in ICH.

Key words: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), ischemic stroke
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF HYDRO-ACUPUNCTURE COMBINED WITH “THAN THONG TRUC U THANG” REMEDY IN THE TREATMENT OF SCIATICA DUE TO LUMBAR DISC HERNIATION
Authors: Ho Phi Dong , Nguyen Thi Tan
Published: March 2020

Background: Sciatica due to lumbar disc herniationis one of the most common diseases in the world as well as in Vietnam, sciatica impact on patients’ quality of life, ability to work and social interaction.
Objectives: Evaluating the effects of hydro-acupuncture combined with “Than thong truc u thang” remedy in the treatment of sciatica due to lumbar disc herniation.
Materials and methods: 40 patients diagnosed sciatica due to lumbar disc herniation, were examined and treated at Nghe An Traditional Medicine Hospital.
Results: Good level occupied 52.5%; fair good level occupied 32.5%; Average goodlevel occupied 12.5%; poor level occupied 2.5%.
Conclusion: This combination is a effective treatment for sciaticadue to lumbar disc herniation.

Key words: Sciatica, lumbar disc herniation, hydro-acupuncture, “Than thong truc u thang” remedy
SEXUAL DISORDERS IN MENOPAUSAL WOMEN
Authors: Le Lam Huong
Published: March 2020

Background: The menopausal transition period was characterized by the loss of ovarian function and was a physiologically phenomenon correlated with the decline in estrogen production. Therefore it may affect genital health and decrease libido of all women in this age group. Sexual disorders was taken interest all over the world.
Subjects and Method: A cross study was conducted on 419 menopausal women from 01/2016 to 09/2016, based on the questionaire assessment of sexual function in women: FSFI- The female sexual function index.
Results: Sexual disorders (86.6%); No sexual activity (6.6%); Decreased sexual activity (85.4). The mean score of six parts of sexual disorders based on FIFS: 24.6 ± 1.9. Sexual disorders: decreased sexual lobido 51.3%, decreased felling sexual aroused 60.8%, decreased lubricated 74.2%, decreased orgasm 49.8%, decreased satisfied 50.8%, pain 68.5%. Pain associated with decreased lubricated 87.4%. Pain associated with decreased sexual desire 51.6%.
Conclusion: More attention is needed for sexual dysfunction in menopausal women.

Key words: Female Sexual Function Index, Questionnaire; menopause, woman
STUDY ON THE KNOWKEDGE, ATTITUDES, PRACTICES&NBSP; OF REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH CARE AMONG ADOLESCENT GIRLS IN A LUOI DISTRICT, THUA THIEN HUE PROVINCE
Authors: Dao Nguyen Dieu Trang , Phan Thi Bich Ngoc , Nguyen Vu Quoc Huy
Published: March 2020

Objectives: To describe the knowledge, attitudes, practices of reproductive health care among adolescent girls in A Luoi district, Thua Thien Hue province and identify the related factors to reproductive health care in adolescent girls.
Methods: A cross-sectional study design was conducted in A Luoi district, Thua Thien Hue province. All 960 adolescent girls between 10 – 19 years old of 8 communes in A Luoi district participated in the study.
Results:
- The percentage of adolescents with not good knowledge, attitudes and practices on reproductive health care has accounted for fairly high as respectively: 85.9%, 73.9%, 68.4%.
- The percentage of adolescents who have had sexual relative were 6.4%, in which 18% has used contraceptive methods.
- The percentage of adolescents who get married early were 50% among adolescents who get married, the percentage of consanguineous marriage were 15.4%.
- The percentage of pregnant adolescents were 4.9%. The proportion of adolescents with abortion were 0.1%
- The percentage of lower genital tract infections in adolescents was 2.2%.
- There is an a relationship between education level, adolescent stage with general knowledge on adolescent reproductive health care (p <0.05).
- There is a relationship between ethnicity, education level, adolescent stage with the general attitude on adolescent reproductive health care (p <0.05).
- There is a relationship between ethnicity, education level, adolescent stage, economic conditions, the condition of the family living at the percentage of general practice on adolescent reproductive health care (p <0.05)
Conclusion: The knowledge, attitudes, practices of reproductive health care among adolescent girls are not good. There is an a relationship between education level, adolescent stage with general knowledge, general attitude and general practice on adolescent reproductive health care(p <0.05)There is need to enhance the communication and education reproductive health for aldolescent girls and enhance communication knowlegde and skills for reproductive health staff.

Key words: adolescents, get married early, reproductive health
EVALUATE THE RESULTS OF REVISION SINUS SURGERY FOR RECURRENT SINUSITIS AFTER FUNCTIONAL ENDOSCOPY SINUS SUGERY IN ADULTS
Authors: Dinh Viet Thanh , Le Thanh Thai
Published: March 2020

Objectives: To clarify the causes and risk factors for recurrent sinusitis after FESS in order to contribute to reducing the proportion of revison sinus surgery.
Materials and methods: Cross sectional and descriptive study with clinical intervention in 35 patients with recurrent sinusitis after FESS from 3/2014 to 6/2016.
Results: The common risk factors related to recurrent sinusitis after FESS are: no follow up 52,7%, smoking 37,1%, GERD 28,65%, chemical fumes exposure 25,7%. Clinical findings during operation: nasosinus polyp 65,7%, blocked osteomeatal complex 97,1%, blocked maxillary ostium 97,1%, blocked frontal recess 68,6%, blocked sphenoid ostium 45,7%, ulcinate process remnant 31,4%, ethmoidal air cells remnant 48,6%. Surgical results according to functional symptoms after 3 months and 6 months: after 3 months: good 80% , fair 20%. After 6 months: good are 83,3%. Endoscopic sinus surgical results: after 3 months: good 71,4%, after 6 months: good 66,6% CT scan imaging shows clear sinuses: after 3 months good and 6 months are good at 57,1% and 44,4% respectively.
Conclusions: Recurrent sinusitis when surgery to comprehensive evaluation. Proposed a complete surgical methods to help patients from recurrent sinus. Surgeons must complete surgical manipulation. Ensure all patient get built and reconstructted draining sinus. Make sure to follow for all patients after operation.

Key words: recurrent sinusitis, FESS (Functional Endoscopy Sinus Sugery)
RISK FACTORS FOR HAND-FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE
Authors: Thai Quang Hung , Dinh Thanh Hue , Tran Dinh Binh
Published: March 2020

Background: HFMD is an infectious disease caused by enterovirus. The disease is benign and self-limiting within 7-10 days. However, in some cases, the disease progresses to severe neurological, cardiovascular complications and can be fatal if not detected and treated in time. Identifying some risk factors of severe HFMD is very important. Based on these risk factors, doctors at grassroots health system can quickly classify HFMD patients and adopt appropriate handling approaches: either transfer HFMD patients at high risk complications to the hospital early to closely monitor for subsequent treatment, while those with low risk can be given outpatient care after counseling patients’ parents.
Methodology: a case-control study based on hospital was conducted on 150 cases of severe HFMD patients (from level 2b or higher) and 150 cases of mild HFMD patients (level 1, 2a), matching by age, gender, ethnicity and area of residence. Both cases and controls were hospitalized at the same hospital and were positive for EV or EV71 (PCR). Cases and controls were compared in terms of factors which can affect the severity of HFMD.
Results: Logistic regression showed that the risk factors before patients’ hospitalization include: malnutrition, not exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months, low maternal education, and poor care for sick children. The risk factors after patients’ hospitalization include: peak temperature ≥ 39oC, with no signs of mouth ulcers, startling history, increase of leukocytosis, and EV71 as pathogen.
Conclusion: Factors increasing the risk of severe HFMD include stunting malnutrition (OR = 1.84 - 95% CI: 1.05 to 3.22); not be exclusively breastfed for the first 6 months (OR = 2.03 - 95% CI: 1.08 to 3.84); Low maternal education (OR = 2.77 - 95% CI: 1.06 to 7.28); poor maternal care for patients (OR = 3.93 - 95% CI: 2.40 to 6.44); peak temperature ≥ 39oC (OR = 3.63 95% CI-: 1.91 to 6.90); No signs of oral ulcers (OR = 2.45 95% CI-: 1.28 to 4.69); Startling history (OR = 9.93 95% CI-: 4.89 to 20.14); increase of leukocytosis ≥ 11.0 (K/µl) (OR = 2.52 95% CI-: 1.36 to 4.69); EV71-infected patients (OR = 2.46 95% CI-: 1.29 to 4.69).

Key words: risk factors, severer hand-foot-mouth disease
THE ROLE OF SHBG AND SEX HORMONES IN MALE OSTEOPOROSIS
Authors: Cao Thanh Ngoc , Vo Tam , Le Van Chi
Published: March 2020

Objective: To examine relationship between levels of SHBG, estradiol, testosterone and osteoporosis in men.
Subjects and Methods: Cross - Sectional study performed on 44 patients with osteoporosis and 46 subjects without osteoporosis, men aged 50 and over in the Department of the Rheumatology, General internal medicine Clinics and Department of orthopedic, Cho Ray Hospital, from 10/2013 to 04/2014. Diagnosis of osteoporosis by measuring bone mineral density by DXA and criteria of World Health Organization. Data on anthropometry, history of smoking, fracture, alcoholism, sedentary and levels of SHBG, estradiol, testosterone, vitamin D, serum calcium were collected.
Result: The distribution of age was similar in the two groups and divided equally for each age group. Results of bivariate analysis: prevalences of low BMI, sedentary, history of fracture in osteoporosis group were higher than non-osteoporotic group (p <0.05). Meanwhile, the study showed no difference in the rates of smoking, alcohol, vitamin D deficiency and low serum calcium in two groups. The level of total testosterone was lower in osteoporosis group compared with non osteoporosis group (p <0.05). SHBG level in osteoporosis group was higher than in non osteoporosis group. The index of the estradiol in osteoporosis tend to be lower than in non osteoporosis, but the difference was not statistically significant. Multivariate analysis: total testosterone level and SHBG level had the largest impact, increasing the risk of osteoporosis 85 times and 12 times when the standard deviation decreased by 1SD and increased by 1SD respectively.
Conclusion: The low total testosterone level and high SHBG were an independent risk factors of osteoporosis and did not find an association between estrogen levels and osteoporosis in men after age 50.

Key words: osteoporosis, SHBG, testosterone, estradiol, sex hormone, men
DIABETIC ENCEPHALOPATHY IN TYPE 2 DIABETES
Authors: Nguyen Van Vy Hau , Nguyen Hai Thuy , Nguyen Dinh Toan
Published: March 2020

Type 2 diabetes is a common metabolic disease with a rising global prevalence. It is associated with slowly progressive end-organ damage in the eyes and kidneys, but also in the brain. The latter complication is often referred to as "diabetic encephalopathy" and is characterized by mild to moderate impairments in cognitive functioning. It is also associated with an increased risk of dementia. Diabetic encephalopathies are now accepted complications of diabetes. To date, its pathogenetic mechanisms are largely unclear. They appear to differ in type 1 and type 2 diabetes as to underlying mechanisms and the nature of resulting cognitive deﬁcits. The increased incidence of Alzheimer’s disease in type 2 diabetes is associated with insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia, and commonly accompanying attributes such as hypercholesterolemia, hypertension and obesity. However, cognitive impairement in type 1 diabetes have other differences with type 2 diabetes. The major underlying component here appears to be insulin deﬁciency with downstream effects on the expression of neurotrophic factors, neurotransmitters, oxidative and apoptotic stressors resulting in defects in neuronal integrity, connectivity and loss commonly occurring in the still developing brain.