bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the radiative forcing of volcanic plumes: modelling the impact of Mount Etna in the Mediterranean
Authors: Pasquale Sellitto  , Pierre Briole
Published: June 2021

The impact of small to moderate volcanic eruptions on the regional to global radiative forcing and climate is still largely unknown and thought to be presently underestimated. In this work, daily average shortwave radiative forcing efficiencies at the surface (RFEdSurf), at top of the atmosphere (RFEdTOA) and their ratio (f), for upper tropospheric volcanic plumes with different optical characterization, are derived using the radiative transfer model UVSPEC and the LibRadtran suite. The optical parameters of the simulated aerosol layer, i.e., the Ångströem coefficient (alpha), the single scattering albedo (SSA) and the asymmetry factor (g), have been varied to mimic volcanic ash (bigger and more absorbing particles), sulphate aerosols (smaller and more reflective particles) and intermediate/mixed conditions. The characterization of the plume and its vertical distribution have been set-up to simulate Mount Etna, basing on previous studies. The radiative forcing and in particular the f ratio is strongly affected by the SSA and g, and to a smaller extent by alpha, especially for sulphates-dominated plumes. The impact of the altitude and thickness of the plume on the radiative forcing, for a fixed optical characterization of the aerosol layer, has been found negligible (less than 1% for RFEdSurf, RFEdTOA and f). The simultaneous presence of boundary layer/lower tropospheric marine or dust aerosols, like expected in the Mediterranean area, modulates only slightly (up to 12 and 14% for RFEdSurf and RFEdTOA, and 3 to 4% of the f ratio) the radiative effects of the upper tropospheric volcanic layer.
Effects of March 20, 2015, partial (~50%) solar eclipse on meteorological parameters in the urban area of Naples (Italy)
Authors: Nicola Scafetta  , Adriano Mazzarella
Published: June 2021

During the partial (~50%) solar eclipse occurred on March 20, 2015, morning, various meteorological parameters were monitored to study their evolution above the urban area of Naples, central Italy. The experimental conditions were optimal because of the clear sky situation all over Italy, and in Naples in particular. The eclipse last about 2 hours between 9:25:06 (UT+1, local Italian time) and 11:43:09 (local Italian time, UT+1). From the observation site, the incoming solar radiation diminished by about 50% at the eclipse peak at 10:32:18 (local Italian time, UT+1), as expected. On the contrary, the UV radiation diminished significantly less, about 25%. This frequency response was likely due to Rayleigh scattering. It suggests that about 50% of the UV radiation reaching the surface was direct light and 50% scattered light. During the eclipse, the urban surface temperature and humidity values stayed almost constant instead of increasing and decreasing, respectively, as predicted by their daily cycle. This result was used to estimate that the average emissivity of the city of Naples is about f = 0.86. The wind speed decreased significantly during the event while the atmospheric pressure stayed constant to decrease only after the eclipse. Finally, we propose a simple empirical method to approximately estimate the cooling effect of an eclipse, which meteorologists could use to correct the temperature model forecast that normally ignores the occurrence of an eclipse. Consistency of these results with the literature and its importance is briefly discussed.
Recovering external contribution from the monthly mean series of a given geomagnetic observatory
Authors: Bejo Duka  , Eni Duka  , Klaudio Peqini
Published: June 2021

The differences between monthly mean values of the observed geomagnetic field and monthly values predicted by different models of the internal geomagnetic field (named “model biases”) for the time period 2000-2015 at several geomagnetic observatories are analyzed. We notice that increasing the maximum degree of the model is not always followed by the decrease of such “model bias”. The time series of these “model biases” reduced by their average resulted to be approximately the same for all models and should represent the external (non-modeled) contribution to the observed geomagnetic field. These time series for different observatories (close or away to each other) are compared and their power spectra are analyzed. Such spectra have common features like the annual and semi-annual variation with some possible sporadic cases of seasonal variation.
A dynamical study of frictional effect on scaling of earthquake source displacement spectra
Authors: Jeen-Hwa Wang
Published: June 2021

The scaling of earthquake source displacement spectra is analytically studied based on the continuous form of one-dimensional dynamical spring-slider model in the presence of either linearly slip-weakening friction or linearly velocity-weakening friction. The main parameters of the model are the natural angular frequency, wo, and the (dimensionless) decreasing rate, D, of friction with slip (or the characteristic displacement) for slip-weakening friction as well as the (dimensionless) decreasing rate, u, of friction with velocity (or the characteristic velocity) for velocity-weakening friction. The analytic solution includes the complementary and particular parts. The former shows the travelling wave and the latter denotes vibrations at a site. The complementary solution exhibits w-1 scaling in the whole range of w for both friction laws. For the particular solution, slip-weakening friction results in spectral amplitudes only at three values of w. For velocity-weakening friction with u>0.5, the log-log plot of spectral amplitude versus w exhibits almost w0 scaling when w is lower than the corner angular frequency, wc, which is independent on u and increases with wo. When w>wc, the spectral amplitude monotonically decreases with w following a line with a slope value of -1, which is the scaling exponent.
Macroseismic intensity investigation of the November 2014, M=5.7, Vrancea (Romania) crustal earthquake
Authors: Angela Petruta Constantin  , Iren Adelina Moldovan  , Andreea Craiu  , Mircea Radulian  , Constantin Ionescu
Published: June 2021

On November 22, 2014 at 21:14:17 local hour (19:14:17 GMT) a  ML=5.7 crustal earthquake occurred in the area of Marasesti city of Vrancea county (Romania) - the epicenter was located at north latitude 45.87° and east longitude 27.16°, with a focal depth of 39 km. This earthquake is the main shock of a sequence that started with this and lasted until the end of January. During the sequence, characterized by the absence of foreshocks, a number of 75 earthquakes were recorded in 72 hours, the largest of which occurred in the same day with the main shock, at 22:30 (ML= 3.1). The crustal seismicity of Vrancea seismogenic region is characterized by moderate earthquakes with magnitudes that have not exceeded MW 5.9, this value being assigned to an earthquake that occurred in historical times on March 1, 1894 (Romplus catalogue). Immediately after the 2014 earthquake occurrence, the National Institute for Earth Physics (NIEP) sent macroseismic questionnaires in all affected areas, in order to define the macroseismic field of ground shaking. According to macroseismic questionnaires survey, the intensity of epicentral area reached VI MSK, and the seismic event was felt in all the extra-Carpathian area. This earthquake caused general panic and minor to moderate damage to the buildings in the epicentral area and the northeast part of country. The main purpose of this paper is to present the macroseismic map of the earthquake based on the MSK-64 intensity scale.
TOMO-ETNA experiment at Etna volcano: activities on land
Authors: Jesús M. Ibáñez  , et al.
Published: June 2021

In the present paper we describe the on-land field operations integrated in the TOMO-ETNA experiment carried out in June-November 2014 at Mt. Etna volcano and surrounding areas. This terrestrial campaign consists in the deployment of 90 short-period portable three-component seismic stations, 17 Broadband seismometers and the coordination with 133 permanent seismic station belonging to Italy’s Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV). This temporary seismic network recorded active and passive seismic sources. Active seismic sources were generated by an array of air-guns mounted in the Spanish oceanographic vessel “Sarmiento de Gamboa” with a power capacity of up to 5200 cubic inches. In total more than 26,000 shots were fired and more than 450 local and regional earthquakes were recorded. We describe the whole technical procedure followed to guarantee the success of this complex seismic experiment. We started with the description of the location of the potential safety places to deploy the portable network and the products derived from this search (a large document including full characterization of the sites, owners and indication of how to arrive to them). A full technical description of the seismometers and seismic sources is presented. We show how the portable seismic network was deployed, maintained and recovered in different stages. The large international collaboration of this experiment is reflected in the participation of more than 75 researchers, technicians and students from different institutions and countries in the on-land activities. The main objectives of the experiment were achieved with great success.
Acquisition and preliminary analysis of multi-channel seismic reflection data, acquired during the oceanographic cruises of the TOMO-ETNA experiment
Authors: Marco Firetto Carlino  , Fabrizio Zgur  , Pier Paolo G. Bruno  , Mauro Coltelli  , Lorenzo Sormani  , Danilo Cavallaro  , Jesús M. Ibáñez  , Domenico Patanè
Published: June 2021

The TOMO-ETNA experiment was performed in the framework of the FP7 “MED-SUV” (MEDiterranean SUpersite Volcanoes) in order to gain a detailed geological and structural model of the continental and oceanic crust concerning Etna and Aeolian Islands volcanoes (Sicily, Italy), by means of active and passive seismic exploration methodologies. Among all data collected, some 1410 km of marine multi-channel seismic (MCS) reflection profiles were acquired in the Ionian and Tyrrhenian Seas during two of the three oceanographic cruises of the TOMO-ETNA experiment, in July and November 2014, with the aim of shading light to deep, intermediate and shallow stratigraphy and crustal structure of the two above mentioned areas. The MCS sections, targeted to deep exploration, were acquired during the oceanographic cruise on board the R/V “Sarmiento de Gamboa”, using an active seismic source of 16 air-guns, for a total volume of 4340 cu. in., and a 3000 m long, 240-channels digital streamer as receiving system. High-resolution seismic profiles were instead collected through the R/V “Aegaeo”, using two smaller air-guns (overall 270 cu. in. volume) and a 96 channels, 300 m long digital streamer. This paper provides a detailed description of the acquisition parameters and main processing steps adopted for the MCS data. Some processed lines are shown and preliminarily interpreted, to highlight the overall good quality and the high potential of the MCS sections collected during the TOMO-ETNA experiment.
Seismic random noise attenuation using modified wavelet thresholding
Authors: Qi-sheng Zhang  , Jin-juan Jiang  , Jin-hai Zhai  , Xin-yue Zhang  , Yi-jun Yuan  , Xin-wu Huang
Published: June 2021

In seismic exploration, random noise deteriorates the quality of acquired data. This study analyzed existing denoising methods used in seismic exploration from the perspective of random noise. Wavelet thresholding offers a new approach to reducing random noise in simulation results, synthetic data, and real data. A modified wavelet threshold function was developed by considering the merits and demerits of conventional soft and hard thresholding schemes. A MATLAB (matrix laboratory) simulation model was used to compare the signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) and mean square errors (MSEs) of the soft, hard, and modified threshold functions. The results demonstrated that the modified threshold function can avoid the pseudo-Gibbs phenomenon and produce a higher SNR than the soft and hard threshold functions. A seismic convolution model was built using seismic wavelets to verify the effectiveness of different denoising methods. The model was used to demonstrate that the modified thresholding scheme can effectively reduce random noise in seismic data and retain the desired signal. The application of the proposed tool to a real raw seismogram recorded during a land seismic exploration experiment located in north China clearly demonstrated its efficiency for random noise attenuation.
On feasibility to detect volcanoes hidden under the ice of Antarctica via their “gravitational signal”
Authors: Jaroslav Klokočník  , Jan Kostelecký  , Ivan Pešek  , Aleš Bezděk
Published: June 2021

Many undiscovered volcanoes may be hidden under the thick layers of the ice of Antarctica. Hypothetic volcanoes were sought by means of the best present-day gravitational data (gravity field model EIGEN 6C4) and bedrock topography data (Bedmap2). A new previously unused method was tested. The analogy with the “gravitational signal” typical for volcanoes and other structures in other parts of the Earth is used. Various functions (not only ordinary gravity anomalies) of the disturbing geopotential were employed: Marussi tensor of the second derivatives, geopotential invariants, the strike angle and the virtual deformations. We attempted to discover if the best present-day gravitational and topographic data are of sufficient precision and resolution and how fast is the attenuation of the “gravitational signal” of a volcano with increasing depth under the ice. It is shown that there is no principal obstacle to detect volcanoes by our method. However, it appeared very quickly that our present-day attempts to discover such volcanoes could hardly be successful, mainly due to a low resolution of the existing gravity data and also due to a low resolution of the best bedrock topography of Antarctica currently available. Nevertheless, some examples of hypothetical volcanoes under the ice are given, but they are uncertain. However, the method, the main goal of this feasibility study, is ready and working. 
Recent seismicity before the 24 August 2016 Mw 6.0 Central Italy Earthquake as recorded by the ReSIICO seismic network
Authors: Simone Marzorati  , Marco Cattaneo  , Massimo Frapiccini  , Giancarlo Monachesi  , Chiara Ladina
Published: June 2021

The seismicity of the last four years before the August 24 2016 01:36 UTC MW 6.0 earthquake that struck central Italy is presented with the aim to understand the preparatory phase of the event. In contrast with the 2009 L’Aquila earthquake that was preceded by a seismic sequence and the 2013-2015 Gubbio seismic swarm that, to date, is ended without any strong event, our preliminary results don’t show seismic sequences in the last months previous the mainshock of the August 24 2016 and a low similarity between seismicity clusters in the last four years and the foreshocks.
Some reasoning on the improvement of the ETAS modeling at the occurrence of the 2016 Central Italy seismic sequence
Authors: Anna Maria Lombardi
Published: June 2021

This study presents an application of the ETAS model to the first 20 days of the 2016 Central Italy sequence. Despite of the provisional nature of data, the model is able to describe the occurrence rate, but for the first hours after the mainshock occurrence. A sensitivity analysis of the model to two uncertainty sources, the model parameters and the occurrence history, shows that the second has a main role in controlling the performance of the ETAS model, more than the uncertainty on parameters.
Previous results, together with the clear inability of ETAS to forecast the occurrence of a sequence before its starting time, give important suggestions about possible improvements. Here, a very preliminary attempt in this sense is presented.
Moment tensor solutions for the Amatrice 2016 seismic sequence
Authors: Silvia Pondrelli  , Simone Salimbeni  , Paolo Perfetti
Published: June 2021

On August 24, 2016 a ML 6.0 earthquake struck central Italy region, nearly completely destroying some small ancient towns as Amatrice, Accumoli, Arquata and Pescara del Tronto. In the following days thousands of aftershocks have been recorded by the INGV National Seismometric Network, 16 of them with a magnitude greater than 4.0. A Quick RCMT solution has been rapidly computed for all of them and made available on the web. Within a  few weeks a definitive RCMT solution is ready for all of them, plus one. For major events (and not only) of the Amatrice seismic sequence, several rapid moment tensor solutions have been produced by various groups, using different methods and dataset. Comparing QRCMTs with other similar products, it is evident a great similarity of focal mechanisms while on the contrary, the Mw have a clear variability.
Assessing soil-structure interaction during the 2016 Central Italy seismic sequence (Italy): preliminary results
Authors: Arrigo Caserta  , Fawzi Doumaz  , Antonio Costanzo  , Anna Gervasi  , William Thorossian  , Sergio Falcone  , Carmelo La Piana  , Mario Minasi  , Maria Fabrizia Buongiorno
Published: June 2021

We used the moderate-magnitude aftershocks succeeding to the 2016 August 24th, Mw = 6.0, Amatrice (Italy) mainshok to asses, specially during an ongoing seismic sequence, the soil-structure interaction where cultural Heritage is involved. We have chosen as case study the San Giovanni Battista church (A.D. 1039)  in Acquasanta Terme town, about 20 Km northeast of Amatrice. First of all we studied the soil shaking features in order to characterize the input to the monument. Then, using the recordings in the church, we tried to figure out  how the input seismic energy is distributed over the different monument parts. Some preliminary results are shown and discussed.
The role of INGVterremoti blog in information management during the earthquake sequence in Central Italy
Authors: Maurizio Pignone  , Concetta Nostro  , Alessandro Amato  , Carlo Meletti
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we describe the role the INGVterremoti blog in information management during the first part of the earthquake sequence in central Italy (August 24 to September 30). In the last four years, we have been working on the INGVterremoti blog in order to provide quick updates on the ongoing seismic activity in Italy and in-depth scientific information. These include articles on specific historical earthquakes, seismic hazard, geological interpretations, source models from different type of data, effects at the surface, and so on.

We have delivered information in quasi-real-time also about all the recent magnitude M≥4.0 earthquakes in Italy, the strongest events in the Mediterranean and in the world.

During the 2016 central Italy, the INGVterremoti blog has continuously released information about seismic sequences with three types of posts: i) updates on the ongoing seismic activity; ii) reports on the activities carried out by the INGV teams in the field and any other working groups; iii) in-depth scientific articles describing some specific analysis and results.

All the blog posts have been shared automatically and in real time on the other social media of the INGVterremoti platform, also to counter the bad information and to fight rumors. These include Facebook, Twitter and INGVterremoti App on IOS and Android. As well, both the main INGV home page (http://www.ingv.it) and the INGV earthquake portal (http://terremoti.ingv.it) have published the contents of the blog on dedicated pages that were fed automatically. The work done day by day on the INGVterremoti blog has been coordinated with the INGV Press Office that has written several press releases based on the contents of the blog.

Since August 24th, on the blog 53 articles were published on the blog  they have had more than 1.9 million views and 1 million visitors. The peak in the number of views, which was more than 800,000 in a single day, was registered on August 24, 2016, following the M 6.0 earthquake.
Different damage observed in the villages of Pescara del Tronto and Vezzano after the M6.0 August 24, 2016 central Italy earthquake and site effects analysis
Authors: Angelo Masi  , Giuseppe Santarsiero  , Leonardo Chiauzzi  , Maria Rosaria Gallipoli  , Sabatino Piscitelli  , Luigi Vignola  , Jessica Bellanova  , Giuseppe Calamita  , Angela Perrone  , Carmine Lizza  , Stefano Grimaz
Published: June 2021

The authors have surveyed many damaged villages located at the epicentre of the ML=6.0 earthquake which occurred on August 24, 2016 in central Italy. Some unexpected anomalies were discovered such as very different levels of damage in Vezzano and Pescara del Tronto villages (Arquata del Tronto Municipality, Ascoli Piceno province). The two villages are situated just 1300 meters from each other. Pescara del Tronto suffered very heavy damage with many masonry building collapses and 48 fatalities, while Vezzano suffered only light damage to few buildings. This paper provides a preliminar analysis from an engineering and geophysics perspective. Particularly, rapid visual surveys were carried out in the two villages in order to detect possible significant differences in the vulnerability of their building stocks and site geophysical investigations were performed to detect possible local amplification effects.
Determinants of Employee Engagement in the South African Hospitality Industry During COVID-19 Lockdown Epoch: Employee Perception
Authors: Chiwawa Nyashadzashe , Wissink Henry
Published: June 2021

Employee engagement has emerged as an important concept in hospitality management as well as in human resources management fields. The purpose of the study was to assess the determinants of employee engagement in the South African hospitality industry. The study was conducted against a backdrop caused by volatile uncertain, complex and ambiguous business environments in which business and hotels in general operate exposing employees in the hotel industry to serve in very difficult conditions due to the nature of the diverse and changing needs of their clients. The study used a sample of 260 employees from 15 hotels within and around eThekwini municipality territorial jurisdiction. A cross-sectional survey was used based on a deductive research approach. Both quantitative and qualitative data was collected using a questionnaire. Research findings submits that hotels that put a strong emphasis on cultivating engaged workers reap substantial rewards. Employees who report being engaged at work have been shown to perform better at work, as employee involvement is related to organisational results such as efficiency, organisational citizenship, and overall job performance. The researcher recommends that organisations should examine the possible relationships between engagement and performance-related outcome variables that indicate improving engagement, as these provide a competitive advantage over rivals.
Generalized symmetries, first integrals, and exact solutions of chains of differential equations
Authors: Muriel C. , Nucci M. C.
Published: June 2021

New integrability properties of a family of sequences of ordinary
differential equations, which contains the Riccati and Abel chains as the most
simple sequences, are studied. The determination of n generalized symmetries of
the nth-order equation in each chain provides, without any kind of integration,
n-1 functionally independent first integrals of the equation. A remaining first
integral arises by a quadrature by using a Jacobi last multiplier that is
expressed in terms of the preceding equation in the corresponding sequence. The
complete set of n first integrals is used to obtain the exact general solution
of the nth-order equation of each sequence. The results are applied to derive
directly the exact general solution of any equation in the Riccati and Abel
chains.
Stereo Matching Algorithm Based on Hybrid Convolutional Neural Network and Directional Intensity Difference
Authors:   Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Malaysia, Hamid Mohd Saad , Manap Nurulfajar Abd , Hamzah Rostam Affendi , Kadmin Ahmad Fauzan
Published: June 2021

Fundamentally, a stereo matching algorithm produces a disparity map or depth map. This map contains valuable information for many applications, such as range estimation, autonomous vehicle navigation and 3D surface reconstruction. The stereo matching process faces various challenges to get an accurate result for example low texture area, repetitive pattern and discontinuity regions. The proposed algorithm must be robust and viable with all of these challenges and is capable to deliver good accuracy. Hence, this article proposes a new stereo matching algorithm based on a hybrid Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) combined with directional intensity differences at the matching cost stage. The proposed algorithm contains a deep learning-based method and a handcrafted method. Then, the bilateral filter is used to aggregate the matching cost volume while preserving the object edges. The Winner-Take-All (WTA) is utilized at the optimization stage which the WTA normalizes the disparity values. At the last stage, a series of refinement processes will be applied to enhance the final disparity map. A standard benchmarking evaluation system from the Middlebury Stereo dataset is used to measure the algorithm performance. This dataset provides images with the characteristics of low texture area, repetitive pattern and discontinuity regions. The average error produced for all pixel regions is 8.51%, while the nonoccluded region is 5.77%. Based on the experimental results, the proposed algorithm produces good accuracy and robustness against the stereo matching challenges. It is also competitive with other published methods and can be used as a complete algorithm
Life Skill Development and its Impact on Perceived Stress, Employment and Education Pursuits: A Study of Young Adults with a History of Homelessness and Trauma
Authors: Beker Josephine , DeAngelis Tina
Published: June 2021

An occupational therapy educational training group for young adults in permanent supported housing was developed, implemented and evaluated with pre-post outcome measures including Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS) and the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10). The study explored stress levels and employment-related goals of individuals who have aged out of the foster care system and may also have had a history of chronic homelessness and trauma. Results demonstrated a trend towards significance in perceived stress 9Z=1.689, p=0.91) with 7 of 8 participants surpassing the expected outcome according to GAS. Limitations included a small convenience sample (n=8), inconsistent attendance and use of self-report measures.
Pengaruh Sikap terhadap Kepatuhan Perawat pada Penerapan Budaya Keselamatan Pasien di RS Mitra Sejati
Authors: Hernawati Hernawati , Zulfendri Zulfendri , Saidah Nasution Siti
Published: June 2021

Penerapan budaya keselamatan pasien seperti melaporkan dan mencatat insiden keselamatan pasien di RS Mitra Sejati masih belum terlaksana dengan baik, dilihat dari kepatuhan perawat yang kurang sadar bahwa insiden yang terjadi tidak perlu dilaporkan karena tidak menimbulkan cedera yang fatal bagi pasien dan adanya rasa takut disalahkan apabila melaporkan insiden keselamatan pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh karakteristik individu dan gaya kepemimpinan terhadap kepatuhan perawat pada budaya keselamatan pasien di Rumah Sakit Mitra Sejati. Jenis penelitian ini adalah cross sectional dengan pendekatan eksplanatori. Populasi adalah seluruh perawat inap sebanyak 132 orang dengan sampel 57 orang. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji regresi linier berganda pada batas kemaknaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perawat yang kurang patuh menerapkan budaya keselamatan pasien sebanyak 64,9%, sedangkan yang patuh sebesar 15,8%. Variabel karakteristik individu meliputi sikap (p=0,041) dan variabel gaya kepemimpinan (p=0,029) berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan perawat pada penerapan budaya keselamatan pasien. Variabel dominan yang paling berpengaruh adalah gaya kepemimpinan dengan nilai koefisien β=0,350, artinya jika kepala ruang menerapkan gaya kepemimpinan akan mengakibatkan peningkatan kepatuhan perawat pada penerapan budaya keselamatan pasien sebesar 0,350. Penilaian perawat terhadap gaya kepemimpinan kepala ruang yang paling disukai adalah gaya kepemimpnan partisipatif. Disarankan agar rumah sakit memberikan pelatihan tentang keselamatan pasien untuk meningkatkan sikap perawat dalam menyadari potensi kejadian atau cedera yang lebih berbahaya bagi pasien, menerapkan agar setiap kepala ruangan dapat menjadi contoh teladan bagi perawat pelaksana agar patuh menerapkan budaya pelaporan insiden keselamatan pasien
Kegawatdaruratan Bedah Abdomen Anak di Rumah Sakit Islam Banjarnegara Selama Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Nuchalida Mirza , Ujianto Agus , Yuandi Niko
Published: June 2021

Kegawatdaruratan Bedah Abdomen Anak terhitung 2,4-3,1% pada kasus anak. Penyebab kegawatdaruratan bedah abdomen anak sangat umum dan sulit untuk diterapi. Objek pada penelitian ini menerapkan pada Rumah Sakit Sekunder di Rumah Sakit Islam Banjarnegara dengan pola dan hasil yang ada. Metode rekam medis anak usia 1 tahun hingga 16 tahun yang di rawat inap dengan operasi bedah abdomen pada anak di Rumah Sakit Islam Banjarnegara, antara tahun 2018 hingga Maret 2021 secara retrospektif. Hasil penelitian ada 40 anak usia 1 bulan hingga 16 tahun dalam penelitian ini. 25 laki-laki dan 15 perempuan. Rata rata usia nya adalah 10 tahun sementara lamanya dirawat inap di rumah sakit adalah   4,5   hari 25 pasien (62,5%) didiagnosis dalam 24 jam, 11 pasien (27,5%) di terapi setelah 24 jam hingga 48 jam, dan 4 pasien (10%) di terapi dalam waktu > 48 jam. trauma abdomen 1 anak (3,25%), intususepsi 3 anak (7,5%), hernia inguinalis 2 anak (3,125%), obstruksi usus 5 anak (12,55%), apendisitis perforasi 13 anak (32,5%), dan akut apendisitis 16 anak (40%), 39 anak (97,5%) yang mendapat komplikasi setelah operasi. Rata -rata komplikasinya adalah infeksi dan terjadi perforasi apendiks dengan nilai (p: 0,05). Tidak ada kematian dalam kasus ini. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini, akut apendisitis adalah penyebab tersering dalam penanganan kegawatdaruratan bedah abdomen anak di Rumah Sakit Islam Banjarnegara. Ilustrasi ini memiliki pola dan hasil.
Hubungan Partisipasi Kader dalam Pelaksanaan Desa Siaga terhadap Pelayanan Kia Di Desa Karanganyar Kabupaten Cirebon Tahun 2020
Authors: Novianty Atiek
Published: June 2021

AKI dan AKB masih menjadi perhatian bagi setiap Negara dan menjadi prioritas utama untuk memperbaiki kesehatan ibu, bayi baru lahir. Dengan meningkatkan pelayanan kesehatan terutama kesehatan ibu dan anak dan upaya pengembangan Desa Siaga dapat dengan melibatkan masyarakat dan partisipasi kader. Kader yaitu seorang masyarakat yang dipilih, dapat membimbing masyarakat dalam masalah kesehatan secara mandiri, membantu tenaga kesehatan dalam upaya meningkatkan derajat kesehatan. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui Hubungan antara Partisipasi Kader dengan Pemberian Pelayanan KIA. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian analitik observasional dengan metode pendekatan cross sectionalmenggunakan data primer dari lembar kuesioner dan checklis indikator desa siaga. Populasi dan sampel dalam penelitian adalah seluruh kader kesehatan yang berada di Desa Karanganyar sejumlah 27 responden. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Februari-Maret tahun 2020. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis Univariate dalam bentuk tabel frekuensi dan analisis Bivariate dengan menggunakan Uji Chi Square. Hasil penelitian diketahui sebanyak 27 sampel 13 (48,1) responden memiliki tingkat pasrisipasi cukup dilakukan pemberian pelayanan KIA, 4 (14,8) responden dengan tingkat partiisipasi kurang tidak dilakukan pemberian pelayanan KIA, dan 2 (3,7) responden dengan tingkat pastisipasi baik tidak dilakukan pemberian pelayanan KIA. setelah dilakukan uji Chi Square, didapatkan p value sebesar 0,135, yang berarti p > 0,05 dengan nilai korelasi positif sebesar 0,103 yang berarti yang berarti keeratan hubungannya sangat rendah. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah tidak terdapat hubungan antara partisipasi kader dengan pemberian pelayanan KIA di Desa Karanganyar Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kubangdeleg Tahun 2020. Diharapkan setiap kader dapat berperan aktif dalam melakukan tugas di pelayanan kesehatan terutama dalam pelayanan KIA, mampu memberdayakan dan menggerakan masyarakat dalam pelaksanaan desa siaga
Comparison of The China-Vietnam-Indonesia Guerrilla War In The Perspective of The Universal War
Authors: Lebo Devis , Wayan Midhio I , Yudho Prakoso Lukman
Published: June 2021

The history of war in several countries proves that universal war is a reliable strategy to win a battle. This universal war is used by weak military forces by utilizing national resources to fight against stronger and more modern forces in weaponry, as was done by China, Vietnam and Indonesia. War is caused by several factors, among others, psychological, cultural, ideological, economic and political. In writing this literature review, the author uses methods and theories by collecting data and information through the help of various materials contained in literature (books) or also known as phenomological research types associated with qualitative descriptive and defense philosophy. From the results of literature research, the writer finds that the universal war waged by each country that has adopted this strategy is different in its implementation and the objectives to be achieved. However, the universal war that has been carried out has brought very good results in accordance with the objectives of the struggle of each country that has used it.
Book Review: Wulf, A. (2015). The Invention of Nature. The Adventures of Alexander von Humboldt. The Lost Hero of Science. John Murray Publishers
Authors: Manolescu Dan
Published: June 2021

Andrea Wulf, the author of this magnificent book, was born in India, but spent some years in Germany before moving to England, where she currently resides. For the research done in preparation for this huge project that culminated with the publication of The Invention of Nature, the author has been highly praised in the literary and obviously the scientific world. For the thrilling journey through the years in search of Alexander von Humboldt’s right place among other scientists and discoverers, the avid reader will be in for a unique, geographical, and highly informative trip of a lifetime. Organized in five parts, with a prologue and an epilogue, this biography/adventure story also contains maps, drawings, illustrations, a note on Humboldt’s publications, as well as colorful pictures of various places Humboldt visited during his explorations.
Datos prelimirares de uso de clases experimentales en la enseñanza de las ciencias
Authors: Santos João Soares , Dos Anjos Érika Cristina Teixeira , Avendaño Fernando Carlos
Published: June 2021

O presente trabajo tem a finalidade de Analizar la Importancia del uso de las Metodologías activas en la Construcción del Conocimiento de Ciencias de la Educación Fundamental bajo la Perspectiva del Desarrollo de Competencias y Habilidades. Por lo tanto la Enseñanza de las Ciencias es muy importante, ya que aborda los principios científicos generales y, también, aplicaciones tecnológicas. Los conceptos y teorías científicas no tienen valores en sí mismos, como sistemas abstractos de pensamiento, sino como instrumentos que nos ayudan a entender el mundo en el que vivimos con el fin de orientar nuestras acciones a nivel individual y social. La práctica vinculada a la teoría hace mucha diferencia para una clase contextualizada, donde los estudiantes pueden ver la importancia de los contenidos abordados en la enseñanza de las Ciencias, además de ofrecer a los mismos una mayor claridad para que puedan realmente interpretar o sea hacer parte del estudio en cuestión. . Es visible hoy en día la necesidad de la experimentación durante las clases como instrumento de enseñanza, porque el estímulo y el interés de los estudiantes pasa a ser mucho mayor, ya que los mismos pueden visualizar el contenido de forma diferente, o sea, pasan a analizar ciertas cuestiones como si hicieran parte de ella.

Por lo tanto, la práctica experimental tiene un papel más amplio de lo que se espera, porque desarrolla en los alumnos un mayor interés, además de despertar habilidades que no aparecía en las clases teóricas, por ejemplo.
Princípio fundamental da sustentabilidade e as inconstitucionais isenções tributárias a agrotóxicos
Authors: Garcia Thaís Aurelia
Published: June 2021

Este artigo visa a identificar as desonerações tributárias a agrotóxicos no Brasil e a analisar a (in)constitucionalidade dessas renúncias fiscais, tendo em conta os direitos fundamentais à saúde, à alimentação adequada e ao meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado. Os princípios da precaução, da prevenção, do poluidor-pagador e da seletividade fornecem subsídios para a adoção de outro modelo de tributação e de governança que seja consentâneo com o interesse público. A tributação verde, a qual já é realidade em países que não irrelevam os riscos e os danos decorrentes do uso e consumo de agrotóxicos aos seres humanos e ecossistemas, desponta como um meio de efetivação do princípio fundamental da sustentabilidade. A concepção da Justiça Ecológica e seus três elementos revela parâmetros para a governança, para o processo de tomada de decisões, bem como para o modelo de desenvolvimento verdadeiramente sustentável, em que esse adjetivo não seja tomado isoladamente. O ingresso da Defensoria Pública da União como custos vulnerabilis ou na condição de amicus curiae na Ação Direta de Inconstitucionalidade nº 5553 assegura a representatividade de milhões de pessoas vulneráveis, direta ou indiretamente afetadas com as isenções fiscais a agrotóxicos e, concomitantemente, conferirá legitimidade democrática à decisão do Supremo Tribunal Federal.
Benefício assistencial: o critério econômico analisado em casos concretos
Authors: Sousa Sarah Lohuamma Almeida Araújo , De Araújo Jorge Alberto Araújo , Sousa Marcos Aarão Sales
Published: June 2021

Por meio de pesquisa empírica em laudos socioeconômicos elaborados por assistentes sociais nomeadas pela Justiça Federal, analisamos concretamente a aplicação de questões que refletem diversas teses jurisprudenciais que foram criadas como reação ao julgamento, pelo Superior Tribunal Federal, da ADI 1.232, que restringia a concessão do benefício assistencial de prestação continuada a quem preenchesse o critério econômico, o único legalmente previsto até então. Expõe-se a evolução do entendimento consolidado no próprio Superior Tribunal Federal sobre o tema, concluindo que, embora não tenha havido uma modificação normativa ou a reversão explícita do precedente, a Corte, em 2013, “legitimou” as condutas dos juízes que decidiam os casos concretos apesar da regra restritiva. Analisa-se neste artigo então como se daria a aplicação exclusiva do critério econômico em 106 casos concretos pesquisados, buscando averiguar se sua aplicação estrita iria de encontro com uma avaliação mais ampla da miserabilidade, conforme os critérios que a jurisprudência costuma utilizar. Conclui-se que, efetivamente, o critério econômico, embora possa servir como uma referência dentre outras possíveis, é demasiadamente estreito para servir como critério único de determinação da concessão do benefício assistencial, já que as especificidades de cada família examinada eram particulares e possivelmente insuscetíveis de uma previsão de cunho generalista.
A governamentalidade neoliberal enquanto forma de mobilizar vidas: refletindo sobre as migrações internacionais
Authors: De Nazaré Anelise Trindade
Published: June 2021

O presente artigo objetiva analisar em que medida a governamentalidade neoliberal influencia as migrações internacionais. Para confirmar a hipótese de que a aliança entre a governamentalidade neoliberal e o modo de produção capitalista, bem como a sua expansão, estão entre os principais responsáveis em mobilizar vidas ao redor do globo, apresenta-se o conceito de governamentalidade de Michel Foucault, qual seja, de forma a conduzir vidas, a sua relação com o neoliberalismo e o quanto a governamentalidade neoliberal, ao criar necessidades e estilos de vida, impulsiona as mobilidades transnacionais. Em um segundo momento, discute-se sobre as teorias das migrações e defende-se uma postura histórico-estrutural na análise do fenômeno, utilizando-se os apontamentos de Immanuel Wallerstein. Por fim, identificam-se quadros migratórios em que a governamentalidade neoliberal não apenas mobilizou vidas como também as tornou precárias e vulneráveis.A pesquisa é de caráter bibliográfico e documental.
"Tá lá o corpo estendido no chão": uma análise do contexto dos homicídios processados no Tribunal do Júri de Campina Grande/PB
Authors: De Andrade Diana Freitas
Published: June 2021

A violência tem ocupado um lugar central no debate político e científico contemporâneo. Neste artigo, este fenômeno é examinado a partir de uma forma específica da violência: os crimes de homicídio. Esse recorte se faz necessário porque nem todas as formas de violência são passíveis de registro e porque, mesmo nos casos em que existem esses assentamentos, os dados contabilizados representam apenas uma mínima parcela da violência realmente perpetrada. Este estudo se propõe a traçar o contexto de ocorrência de homicídios a partir da análise das informações coletadas nos processos judiciais do Tribunal do Júri de Campina Grande/PB, com crimes ocorridos entre os anos de 2000 a 2010. A amostra foi composta por 116 processos, foram analisados 289 sujeitos, sendo 173 réus e 136 vítimas. Analisando-se os dados, verificou-se que o homicídio é uma manifestação violenta que envolve pessoas cujos locais de residência se concentram em alguns bairros, sobretudo da Zona Oeste da cidade. Ademais, a constatação de que os bairros onde mora a maior parte de réus e vítimas também são aqueles onde mais ocorrem os homicídios indica a relevância dessa distribuição espacial dos assassinatos. Por outro lado, os crimes derivam de um amplo acesso a armas de fogo e, em algumas ocasiões, relacionam-se a contextos de uso de álcool e à dinâmica do tráfico e uso de drogas.O presente estudo se propõe traçar o contexto de ocorrência de homicídios, a partir da análise das informações coletadas nos processos judiciais do Tribunal do Júri de Campina Grande/PB, com crimes ocorridos entre os anos de 2000 a 2010. A amostra foi composta 116 processos, foram analisados 289 sujeitos, sendo 173 réus e 136 vítimas. Analisando-se os dados, verificou-se que o homicídio é uma manifestação violenta que envolve pessoas cujos locais de residência se concentram em alguns bairros, sobretudo da Zona Oeste da cidade. Ademais, a constatação de que os bairros onde mora a maior parte de réus e vítimas também são aqueles onde mais ocorrem os homicídios indica a relevância dessa distribuição espacial dos assassinatos. Por outro lado, os crimes derivam de um amplo acesso a armas de fogo e, em algumas ocasiões, relacionam-se a contextos de uso de álcool e à dinâmica do tráfico e uso de drogas.
Insertion of English Subject in LL.B Syllabus: A Critical Analysis
Authors: Ali Barkat , Sial Abdul Quddoos , Hassan Muhammad
Published: June 2021

Since the independence of Pakistan, English has been the language of the whole legal system including the judicial decisions of superior and subordinates courts. Indeed, in general, English language has been playing a pivotal role in order to understand the spirit of legal system, statutes, and judicial verdicts.  Therefore, the students of the legal education have been taught additional English subjects in the first three semesters as approved by the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan and endorsed the same by the Pakistan Bar Council with the aiming to enhance their understanding and improvement of English language. However, it is witnessed that the insertion of additional English language courses in the legal education has been criticizing. This research intends to critically explore the significance of English language courses and its liaison with the LL.B program. This treatise adopted a qualitative research method in order to achieve the proposed objective. It carried out an in-depth critical analysis of the insertion of English language courses. Further, face to face interviews of various law students and teachers have been conducted and transcribed accordingly in order to support this research. This study adopted a purposive sampling method because of legal research along with semi-structured interviews.
Mamdani and Sugeno Fuzzy Performance Analysis on Rainfall Prediction
Authors: Ardi Yuan , Effendi Syahril , Nababan Erna Budhiarti
Published: June 2021

Fuzzy logic is an extension of traditional reasoning, where x is a member of set A or not, or an x can be a member of set A with a certain degree of membership . The ability of fuzzy models to map fuzzy values is the reason for using fuzzy inference models in various cases that use fuzzy values to produce a clear or definite output. In this research, an analysis of the level of accuracy generated by the Sugeno and Mamdani inference model will be carried out in predicting rainfall at Polonia Station, Medan, North Sumatra. Prediction results will be analyzed for accuracy by comparing the results obtained by Sugeno fuzzy inference models and Mamdani using Mean Absolute Percent Error (MAPE). When compared to the results of the Mean Absolute Percent Error (MAPE) Sugeno fuzzy inference model of 1.33% and mamdani fuzzy inference model of 1.45%, then the accuracy rate for the Sugeno inference model is 100%-1.33% = 98.67% while the Mamdani fuzzy inference model is 100%-1.45 = 98.55%. The end result is that the membership function model used in the Sugeno fuzzy model is more accurate than the Mamdani fuzzy inference model in the test case of rainfall prediction at Polonia station in Medan. North Sumatra. The results of the analysis carried out for the Sugeno and Mamdani fuzzy models are influenced by the accuracy of the input values. Rainfall prediction is an important thing to study, weather conditions in certain areas can be predicted so that it can help people's daily activities, can determine a series of community social activities. For example, information on rainfall and its classification is widely used as a guide for agriculture, tourism and transportation, for example: Cropping Patterns, Harvest Predictions, Shipping and flight schedules