bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MENGGAPAI KELUARGA SAKINAH MELALUI BERKAH KYAI: Strategi Pemilihan Pasangan Hidup Santri Tradisional di Kabupaten Malang
Authors: Anwar Khoirul , Ramadhita Ramadhita
Published: September 2020

Marriage is a means of forming a happy family, and that can be made by choosing an appropriate partner. Life partner selection often causes family conflict because of differences in perceptions and criteria. Conflicts in choosing a spouse are almost not found in the life of a traditional pesantren because students adhere to the kyai, including in mate selection. This article aims to describe the selection of life partners for students of PPAI Darussalam Malang Regency as an effort to complete studies on the preferences of life partner selection that have been done before. The results of this study indicate that the selection of a life partner among students of PPAI Darussalam is not only oriented towards profane interests, but also on the basis of consideration of the sacred origin of the clerics. The choice of a life partner is left to the kyai in order to obtain the worthiness and happiness of life. The indicator of happiness in life is not only from the financial aspect but also the existence of peace of mind in facing life's problems. The choice of a marriage partner in PPAI Darussalam is influenced by religious knowledge, morals, finances, nasab, and physical appearance.Perkawinan merupakan sarana membentuk keluarga yang bahagia, dan hal itu dapat dicapai melalui pemilihan pasangan yang tepat. Pemilihan pasangan hidup tidak jarang menimbulkan konflik keluarga karena perbedaan persepsi dan kriteria. Konflik pemilihan pasangan hidup hamper tidak ditemukan dalam kehidupan pesantren tradisional karena kepatuhan santri kepada kyai, termasuk dalam pemilihan jodoh. Artikel ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan pemilihan pasangan hidup santri PPAI Darussalam Kabupaten Malang sebagai upaya melengkapi kajian-kajian tentang preferensi pemilihan pasangan hidup yang telah dilakukan sebelumnya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemilihan pasangan hidup dikalangan santri PPAI Darussalam tidak hanya berorientasi pada kepentingan yang bersifat profan. Melainkan juga atas dasar pertimbangan bersifat sakral yang berasal dari kyai. Pemilihan pasangan hidup diserahkan kepada kyai dalam rangka memperoleh keberhakan dan kebahagiaan hidup. Indikator kebahagiaan hidup bukan hanya dari aspek finansial tetapi juga adanya ketenangan jiwa dalam menghadapi problem kehidupan. Pemilihan pasangan hidup di PPAI Darussalam dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan agama, moral, finansial, nasab, dan penampilan fisik.
Implikasi Penetapan Wilayah Pusat Pertumbuhan Industri Terhadap Penggunaan Lahan Di Kabupaten Majalengka
Authors: Paramasatya Albi , Rudiarto Iwan
Published: September 2020

Regional development in Indonesia has rapid progress along with the central government's policies in equitable development. Global phenomenon to encourage equitable regional development, each country takes the initiative to develop industrial cluster policies. This study aims to analyze implications of determination a growth centre of industrial region to land use changes. Output of this study expected identify how many area implicated to land use changes and land conversion that occur. This study is located in Majalengka Regency as one of  growth centre of industrial region . The method used in this study is the LULC Method (Land Use Land Changes) and Overlay (Georeferencing) Method. The result shows determination  growth centre of industrial region have implications in land use changes. The implication in the form of considerable land conversion. This implication occurs in locations that are designated as industrial growth centers and around these locations. In addition, the implications of  determination  growth centre of industrial region  are in the form of expansion of land to surrounding industrial areas.
Pengaruh Perkembangan Wilayah Pinggiran Kota Yogyakarta terhadap Perkembangan Desa Wisata Tanjung, Desa Donoharjo, Kecamatan Ngaglik, Kabupaten Sleman
Authors: Salsabila Najma , Purwohandoyo Joni
Published: September 2020

Tanjung Tourism Village is one of the tourist villages in the suburbs of Yogyakarta. The village is traversed by the Palagan Tentara Pelajar street which is the main road connecting Tanjung Tourism Village with the City of Yogyakarta. Palagan Tentara Pelajar street is now increasingly showing urban traits with lots of land being built that are used for trade, industry, services, and settlements. The existence of this case Tanjung Tourism Village is vulnerable to the development of the surrounding region. The research aims to analyze the development factors of the urban area which influenced the development of Tanjung Tourism Village. The approach used is a quantitative approach with 35 land polygons that are converted into built-up land from the results of image interpretation. The results showed that the development factors of urban areas affected the development of Tanjung Tourism Village namely: internal factors in the form of (1) community economic factors and (2) kinship social factors and external factors in the form (1) low land prices in Tanjung Tourism Village, ( 2) strategic location and easy accessibility, (3) proximity to the workplace, and (4) proximity to the center of activity.
Derechos políticos de las mujeres en una sociedad democrática
Authors: Escalante López Sonia , Ávalos Méndez Rosa Isela
Published: September 2020

El presente trabajo aborda  a través de la línea del tiempo de los derechos políticos de las mujeres en una sociedad democrática, para la realización del estudio, se hace un análisis de la lucha de las mujeres por sus derechos humanos a través de la historia, dando inicio con los postulados de Olympe de Gouges como punto de partida del feminismo en el mundo y la lucha por los derechos humanos de las mujeres.
Para comprender la política digital – Principios y acciones
Authors: Piñeiro-Otero Teresa , Martínez-Rolán Xabier
Published: September 2020

La irrupción de internet ha obligado a una reformulación de la comunicación en todos los ámbitos y a todos los niveles. Políticos y candidatos se han visto obligados a adaptarse a un medio en constante cambio, donde las reglas de la comunicación unidireccional se pierden, pero las posibilidades técnicas y el alcance de los mensajes se multiplican.  Este artículo realiza efectuar una aproximación a las herramientas y prácticas de la tecnopolítica así como el uso táctico y estratégico de las herramientas digitales para la organización, la comunicación y la acción. Para ello, señala las principales plataformas ligadas a internet como web, redes sociales, las plataformas de mensajería instantánea y, más recientemente, las aplicaciones para smartphone de uso exclusivamente político. Asimismo, se analizan las tendencias actuales ligadas a la celebrificación del candidato, el uso de memes, las etiquetas como elemento vertebrador y transversal en la comunicación digital, el análisis de big data como la última frontera y la participación a través de usuarios (semi)automatizados o bots. Desde el punto de vista del ruido comunicativo, se abordan dos de las principales problemáticas de la comunicación política como son el astroturfing - en todas su variantes - y las fake news, ligadas al creciente discurso de odio en plataformas digitales. Finalmente, y tras el análisis realizado, se propone lo que, a juicio de los autores, son las claves para entender la política que está por venir.

Finalmente, y tras el análisis realizado, se propone lo que, a juicio de los autores, son las claves para entender la política que está por venir.
Immigrant Generational Differences in Social Support and Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Seattle, Washington
Authors: Lee Jane , Cassels Susan
Published: September 2020

Different immigrant generations may encounter distinct sexual opportunities with implications for HIV transmission. Yet, few studies have examined how immigrant generational status is associated with sexual risk behaviors among men who have sex with men (MSM). We explored relationships between immigrant generational status, social support, and sexual risk behaviors among English-speaking MSM using data from surveys conducted in Seattle, Washington, in 2014 (n = 323). We compared the sexual risk behaviors and social support of first-generation, second-generation, and third- and higher-generation MSM, and examined whether immigrant generational status and social support were associated with sexual risk behaviors using logistic regression models. Second-generation MSM reported lower friend social support than first- or third- and higher-generation MSM (p < .05). However, immigrant generational status was not associated with sexual risk behavior outcomes, even after accounting for social support. Results suggest that differences in immigration processes such as acculturation may be more predictive of risk behaviors than generational status alone.
Small Randomized Controlled Trial of the New Passport to Wellness HIV Prevention Intervention for Black Men Who Have Sex With Men (BMSM)
Authors: Harawa Nina T. , Schrode Katrina M. , McWells Charles , Weiss Robert E. , Hilliard Charles L. , Bluthenthal Ricky N.
Published: September 2020

We developed and tested Passport to Wellness (PtW), a client-centered intervention to improve engagement in HIV/STI prevention and services to improve social determinants of health among Black men who have sex with men (BMSM) using incentives and peer support. We assessed PtW's impact on HIV/STI screening and pre/post-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP/PEP) knowledge/uptake using a randomized trial that compared the full intervention to one lacking peer support. We compared changes within groups surveyed at baseline and 6 months. We enrolled 80 eligible BMSM, among 399 screened. Among retained participants (34 peer-supported; 27 comparison), overall increases were observed in HIV (30% to 87% p < .001) and STI (28% to 80% p < .001) testing within the prior 6 months, as well as in PrEP and PEP awareness, and PrEP use. Statistically significant between group differences were not observed. Tailored prevention planning, incentives, and addressing social determinants may help move Black MSM along the HIV prevention continuum.
Lateral Attitude Change: Stalking the Elusive Displacement Effect
Authors: Linne Roman , Glaser Tina , Pum Katrin , Bohner Gerd
Published: September 2020

Recent theorizing (Glaser et al., 2015, Personality and Social Psychology Review) distinguishes two types of lateral attitude change (LAC): generalization, where explicit attitude change toward a focal object transfers to lateral (= related) objects, and displacement, where only lateral (but not focal) attitudes change. Three experiments tested the hypothesis that generalization versus displacement effects depend on acceptance versus rejection of focal attitude change. Participants (total n = 471) read positive and negative ratings of different products that served as focal attitude objects. Subsequent attitude change toward focal products generalized to lateral products as a function of similarity (Experiments 1–3) and of induced preference for consistency (Experiment. 3). However, manipulations designed to induce rejection of focal change by telling participants not to trust the information presented were not successful: Instead of displacement, they produced attenuated generalization (Experiments 1–3). Theoretical and methodological implications are discussed.
Multiple Midfrontal Thetas Revealed by Source Separation of Simultaneous MEG and EEG
Authors: Zuure Marrit B. , Hinkley Leighton B. , Tiesinga Paul H.E. , Nagarajan Srikantan S. , Cohen Michael X
Published: September 2020

Theta-band (∼6 Hz) rhythmic activity within and over the medial PFC (“midfrontal theta”) has been identified as a distinctive signature of “response conflict,” the competition between multiple actions when only one action is goal-relevant. Midfrontal theta is traditionally conceptualized and analyzed under the assumption that it is a unitary signature of conflict that can be uniquely identified at one electrode (typically FCz). Here we recorded simultaneous MEG and EEG (total of 328 sensors) in 9 human subjects (7 female) and applied a feature-guided multivariate source-separation decomposition to determine whether conflict-related midfrontal theta is a unitary or multidimensional feature of the data. For each subject, a generalized eigendecomposition yielded spatial filters (components) that maximized the ratio between theta and broadband activity. Components were retained based on significance thresholding and midfrontal EEG topography. All of the subjects individually exhibited multiple (mean 5.89, SD 2.47) midfrontal components that contributed to sensor-level midfrontal theta power during the task. Component signals were temporally uncorrelated and asynchronous, suggesting that each midfrontal theta component was unique. Our findings call into question the dominant notion that midfrontal theta represents a unitary process. Instead, we suggest that midfrontal theta spans a multidimensional space, indicating multiple origins, but can manifest as a single feature at the sensor level because of signal mixing.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT“Midfrontal theta” is a rhythmic electrophysiological signature of the competition between multiple response options. Midfrontal theta is traditionally considered to reflect a single process. However, this assumption could be erroneous because of “mixing” (multiple sources contributing to the activity recorded at a single electrode). We investigated the dimensionality of midfrontal theta by applying advanced multivariate analysis methods to a multimodal MEG/EEG dataset. We identified multiple topographically overlapping neural sources that drove response conflict-related midfrontal theta. Midfrontal theta thus reflects multiple uncorrelated signals that manifest with similar EEG scalp projections. In addition to contributing to the cognitive control literature, we demonstrate both the feasibility and the necessity of signal demixing to understand the narrowband neural dynamics underlying cognitive processes.
Corticocortical and Thalamocortical Changes in Functional Connectivity and White Matter Structural Integrity after Reward-Guided Learning of Visuospatial Discriminations in Rhesus Monkeys
Authors: Pelekanos Vassilis , Premereur Elsie , Mitchell Daniel J. , Chakraborty Subhojit , Mason Stuart , Lee Andy C.H. , Mitchell Anna S.
Published: September 2020

The frontal cortex and temporal lobes together regulate complex learning and memory capabilities. Here, we collected resting-state functional and diffusion-weighted MRI data before and after male rhesus macaque monkeys received extensive training to learn novel visuospatial discriminations (reward-guided learning). We found functional connectivity changes in orbitofrontal, ventromedial prefrontal, inferotemporal, entorhinal, retrosplenial, and anterior cingulate cortices, the subicular complex, and the dorsal, medial thalamus. These corticocortical and thalamocortical changes in functional connectivity were accompanied by related white matter structural alterations in the uncinate fasciculus, fornix, and ventral prefrontal tract: tracts that connect (sub)cortical networks and are implicated in learning and memory processes in monkeys and humans. After the well-trained monkeys received fornix transection, they were impaired in learning new visuospatial discriminations. In addition, the functional connectivity profile that was observed after the training was altered. These changes were accompanied by white matter changes in the ventral prefrontal tract, although the integrity of the uncinate fasciculus remained unchanged. Our experiments highlight the importance of different communication relayed among corticocortical and thalamocortical circuitry for the ability to learn new visuospatial associations (learning-to-learn) and to make reward-guided decisions.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTFrontal neural networks and the temporal lobes contribute to reward-guided learning in mammals. Here, we provide novel insight by showing that specific corticocortical and thalamocortical functional connectivity is altered after rhesus monkeys received extensive training to learn novel visuospatial discriminations. Contiguous white matter fiber pathways linking these gray matter structures, namely, the uncinate fasciculus, fornix, and ventral prefrontal tract, showed structural changes after completing training in the visuospatial task. Additionally, different patterns of functional and structural connectivity are reported after removal of subcortical connections within the extended hippocampal system, via fornix transection. These results highlight the importance of both corticocortical and thalamocortical interactions in reward-guided learning in the normal brain and identify brain structures important for memory capabilities after injury.
Purpose-Dependent Consequences of Temporal Expectations Serving Perception and Action
Authors: van Ede Freek , Rohenkohl Gustavo , Gould Ian , Nobre Anna C.
Published: September 2020

Temporal expectations enable anticipatory brain states that prepare us for upcoming perception and action. We investigated the purpose-dependent nature and consequences of cued temporal expectations on brain and behavior in male and female human volunteers, using two matched visual-motor tasks that stressed either response speed or visual accuracy. We show that the consequences of temporal expectations are fundamentally purpose dependent. Temporal expectations predominantly affected response times when visual demands were low and speed was more important, but perceptual accuracy when visual demands were more challenging. Using magnetoencephalography, we further show how temporal expectations latch onto anticipatory neural states associated with concurrent spatial expectations—modulating task-specific anticipatory neural lateralization of oscillatory brain activity in a modality- and frequency-specific manner. By relating these brain states to behavior, we finally reveal how the behavioral relevance of such anticipatory brain states is similarly purpose dependent.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTKnowing when events may occur helps to prepare neural activity for upcoming perception and action. It is becoming increasingly clear that distinct sources of temporal expectations may facilitate performance via distinct mechanisms. Another relevant dimension to consider regards the distinct purposes that temporal expectations may serve. Here, we demonstrate that the consequences of temporal expectations on neurophysiological brain activity and behavior are fundamentally purpose dependent, and show how temporal expectations interact with task-relevant neural states in a modality- and frequency-specific manner. This brings the important insight that the ways in which temporal expectations influence brain and behavior, and how brain activity is related to behavior, are not fixed properties but rather depend on the task at hand.
Equine endometritis: a review of challenges and new approaches
Authors: H A Morris Lee , M McCue P , Aurich Christine
Published: September 2020

Endometritis in the mare begins as a normal physiological inflammatory response to breeding that involves both a mechanical and immunological response pathway activated to rid the uterus of semen and bacteria. With successful resolution of this inflammation, the mare‘s uterus will provide a hospitable environment for the development of the semi-allogenic conceptus. If the mare fails to resolve this inflammatory response within 48 h of breeding, she will become susceptible to persistent breeding-induced endometritis (PBIE) which will have detrimental effects on her fertility. This condition can then predispose the mare to bacterial or fungal endometritis leading to further degeneration of the endometrium. Optimisation of the mare’s fertility requires a fine balance between allowing the natural immune response of the endometrium to its exposure to allogenic semen to run its course, and yet preventing its progression to PBIE or the involvement of infectious agents. This review discusses the challenges presented by PBIE, latent infections, biofilms, fungal infections and the need to utilise diagnostic methods available and implement targeted treatments to optimise fertility in the mare.
PREIMPLANTATION GENETIC TESTING: Chromosome abnormalities in human embryos
Authors: Rubio Carmen , Rodrigo Lorena , Simón Carlos
Published: September 2020

Aneuploidy is a frequent event in human embryos, and its incidence is higher in oocytes and embryos from women of advanced maternal age. Aneuploidy may also be a contributing factor in infertile populations, such as couples with recurrent miscarriages, repetitive implantation failure, or male infertility. For these reasons, preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) has been proposed to prevent miscarriages and increase live birth rates in infertile couples undergoing in vitro fertilisation. Next-generation sequencing is currently being applied for the detection of aneuploidies in human embryos, including whole chromosome aneuploidies, segmental aneuploidies, uniform, and mosaic aneuploidies. More recently, this technology has been incorporated for the analysis of the cell-free DNA secreted by the embryo to the culture media. Chromosome abnormalities mostly originate in female meiosis. Recombination between homologous chromosomes is a critical event that occurs in the foetal ovary. The importance of altered recombination pertains to paternally as well as maternally derived trisomies, but as most aneuploidy arises during oogenesis, the female is at greater risk. For males, sperm concentration is associated with a higher risk of aneuploid sperm and thus aneuploid embryos. Mitosis errors can occur at all stages of early embryo development that result in chromosomally distinct cell populations. The clinical impact of mosaicism depends on the mosaicism type, location, and number of aneuploid cells. Transfer of mosaic embryos has been proposed when no euploid embryos are available in the PGT-A cycle.
Pure yolk sac tumor of testis with lung metastasis in an adult patient - case report
Authors: Behera Pushpanjali , Ahuja Arvind , Bhardwaj Minakshi
Published: September 2020

Pure yolk sac tumor is the most frequently seen testicular tumor in childhood; however it is usually a component of mixed germ cell tumor in adults. Pure yolk sac tumors are quite rare in adults. Pure yolk sac tumor in adults has been categorized as yolk sac tumor, post-pubertal type. We report a case of pure yolk sac tumor of right testis with lung metastasis in a 37-year-old man who was successfully treated by high inguinal orchidectomy and BEP combination chemotherapy.
Encapsulated papillary variant of medullary carcinoma of thyroid with extensive cystic change: an extremely rare presentation
Authors: Singh Monika , Ahuja Arvind , Rahar Seema , Bhardwaj Minakshi
Published: September 2020

Papillary variant of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid is an unusual subtype with many diagnostic challenges. The  authors report a case of papillary variant of thyroid medullary carcinoma in a 37- year-old female, who presented with complaints of pain in the thyroid nodule  for the latter  two months. Contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) neck revealed an enlarged and heterogeneously enhancing left lobe of thyroid. This was followed by hemithyroidectomy for suspicion of colloid goitre. Gross examination of the cut surface of the thyroid parenchyma had a sponge like appearance. On histopathology a diagnosis of encapsulated papillary variant of medullary carcinoma thyroid was made with the help of special stains and immunohistochemistry (IHC).
Role of circulatory leukocyte based indices in short-term mortality of patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Taban Sadeghi Mohammadreza , Esgandarian Ilqhar , Nouri-Vaskeh Masoud , Golmohammadi Ali , Rahvar Negin , Teimourizad Abedin
Published: September 2020

Background. Pro-inflammatory signaling is mediated by a variety of inflammatory mediators which can cause myocardial apoptosis, hypertrophia, and fibrosis, and also ultimately lead to adverse cardiac remodeling. This study aimed to assess the role of circulating leukocyte-based indices in predicting the short-term mortality in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).

Methods. In a retrospective study, patients with HFrEF admitted to a tertiary referral center between January 2016 and January 2017 were recruited to this study. The association between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (dLNR = neutrophils/(leukocytes-neutrophils)), monocyte/granulocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MGLR = (white cell count-lymphocyte count) to lymphocyte count), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and six-months mortality of patients were assessed.

Results. A total of 197 patients with HFrEF were enrolled in the study. NLR (P<0.001), dNLR (P<0.001), MGLR (P<0.001), PLR (P=0.006) and LVEF (P=0.042) showed significant difference between survived and died patients. In the Cox multivariate analysis we did not find NLR, dLNR, MGLR or PLR as an independent predictor of short-term mortality in HFrEF patients.

Conclusions. Although High NLR, PLR, MGLR and dNLR was associated with short-term mortality, it failed to independently predict the prognosis of HFrEF patients.
Nevus sebaceus of Jadassohn - high frequency ultrasound imaging and videodermoscopy examination. Case presentation
Authors: Bezugly Artur , Sedova Tatiana , Belkov Pavel , Enikeev Damir , Voloshin Ruslan
Published: September 2020

Nevus sebaceus of Jadassohn (NSJ) is a congenital cutaneous hamartoma mainly developing from pilosebaceous unit cells. NSJ has the potential to develop into a variety of benign and malignant tumors, which are not limited to sebaceous differentiation. The dynamical monitoring for the earliest malignant transformation is necessary. Herein, we report the combined noninvasive NSJ examination with videodermoscopy in polarized and non-polarized light and high-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) imaging at 33 and 50 MHz. Typical NSJ dermoscopic signs where described, the internal nevus structure and its location, depths, and margins with surrounded tissues were examined with high-frequency ultrasound.

Some HFUS characteristics for NSJ were described. Videodermoscopy and high-frequency ultrasound combined examination could be useful for NSJ dynamical monitoring in order to detect malignant transformation and to define necessary and sufficient tissue excision volume in case of surgical treatment.
Evaluation of gingival and periodontal status in obese and non-obese type II diabetic patients – a cross sectional study
Authors: SriChinthu Kenniayan Kumar , Pavithra Velusamy , Kumar G.S. , Prasad Harikrishnan , Prema Perumal , Yoithapprabhunath Thuckanickenpalayam Ragunathan , Rangarajan Nagarajan
Published: September 2020

Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate gingival and periodontal status in obese and non-obese type II Diabetic Patients.

Methods. The study population comprised of 75 subjects visiting the outpatient department of our institution, divided into three different groups, group 1 (obese diabetic), group 2 (non-obese diabetic), and group 3 (obese, non-diabetic). Diabetic status was assessed with HbA1c values and obesity status was assessed by body mass index (BMI) score greater than or equal to 30 kg/m2. Gingival and periodontal status were assessed using the Gingival Index (GI) and Community Periodontal Index (CPI) respectively.

Results. The mean gingival index score in group 1, group 2, and group 3 were 1.58, 1.54, and 1.25, respectively. Gingival status was poor among obese and non-obese diabetic subjects [Groups  1 & 2] when compared with obese non-diabetic patients [Group – 3]. The periodontal status showed that periodontal pockets  were increased in diabetic obese group (15.4%), followed by diabetic non obese (4.66%), and non-diabetic obese (2%) group respectively and loss of attachment was severe in diabetic obese group (60.7%), followed by diabetic non obese (45.9%) and non-diabetic obese (15.3%) respectively.

Conclusion. Gingival and periodontal status was poor in the obese diabetic group compared to non-obese diabetic and obese non diabetic group. Hence, the risk of gingivitis and periodontitis in obese diabetic patients should be addressed earlier to prevent further complications and achieve a good oral health status.
Biofilms and inflammation in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Manciula Lavinia-Gianina , Jeican Ionut Isaia , Barbu Tudoran Lucian , Albu Silviu
Published: September 2020

Introduction. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the presence of biofilms in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), with or without nasal polyps, and their relationship to eosinophils and plasma cells. We compared the results with those obtained in nonCRS patients.

Methods. A total of 50 patients were included in the study, 30 CRSwNP patients, 10 CRSsNP cases and 10 control patients who were operated for deviated septum. Biofilm detection was performed by means of H&E staining and SEM. Eosinophil and plasma cell values were recorded and compared between groups.

Results. Biofilms were identified in 30 patients (60%), 76.6% (23 out of 30) of the CRSwNP patients, 70% (7 out of 10) of the CRSsNP patients and none of the septoplasty patients. Eosinophil and plasma cell values were more elevated in CRS patients, being strongly correlated to biofilm presence and nasal polyposis.

Conclusion. Biofilm presence was demonstrated in many of the CRS patients, with no evidence in the control cases. Our study findings indicate that inflammatory cell counts are higher in patients with CRS compared to controls, but also more elevated in patients with polyposis. In biofilm-positive patients, eosinophil and plasma cell counts were greater than those in patients without biofilms, demonstrating the proinflammatory action of the biofilm in the sino-nasal pathology.
Pros and cons for breast cancer screening with tomosynthesis – a review of the
Authors: Kleinknecht Julian Hans , Ciurea Anca Ileana , Ciortea Cristiana Augusta
Published: September 2020

Breast cancer screening programs using mammography proved their value in detecting breast cancer at early stages and, consequently, reducing the mortality from this disease.

Due to the technological progress, the screening programs have shifted from screen-film mammography to digital mammography and nowadays digital breast tomosynthesis became the focus of breast imaging research. Using tomosynthesis in screening increases cancer detection rates and decreases recall and false-positive rates, thus improving the effectiveness of breast cancer screening programs, with positive consequences on health care costs and on patient psychology.

More long-term follow-up data must be collected for assessing absolute sensitivity and specificity of digital breast tomosynthesis, together with efforts for addressing the limitations of the method.
ІНСТИТУЦІОНАЛЬНІ ЗАСАДИ МОДЕРНІЗАЦІЇ ПРОДУКТИВНИХ СИЛ РЕГІОНІВ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ДЕЦЕНТРАЛІЗАЦІЇ УПРАВЛІННЯ
Authors: БУТКО Микола , ХАРЧЕНКО Юлія
Published: September 2020

Акцентовано увагу наукового середовища, органів влади, органів місцевого самоврядування на необхідності посилення інституціональних засад модернізації продуктивних сил регіонів України в умовах децентралізації управління. Окреслено сутність впливу інституціонального середовища на модернізацію продуктивних сил регіонів України, вказано на синхронізацію дій органів публічного управління всіх рівнів для набуття вітчизняною економікою конкурентних переваг у сучасних умовах.З позиції нового регіоналізму запропоновано під інституціоналізмом розуміти таку систему суспільних відносин, яка на засадах людиноцентризму і smart-спеціалізації гармонізує модернізацію продуктивних сил із свідомим використанням економічних законів та ефективного публічного управління для забезпечення сталого просторового розвитку, реалізації просторових конкурентних переваг в умовах обмежених ресурсів та посилення процесів інтеграції.На переконання авторів, економічне відродження у просторовому вимірі має базуватися на активізації діяльності в першу чергу у виробничій сфері, оскільки саме тут створюється валова додана вартість, а отже, і її бюджетна складова.Аргументовано, що в умовах децентралізації управління змінюється характер суб’єктно-об’єктних відносин щодо ролі територіальних громад та регіонів у процесах модернізації продуктивних сил.Показано, що на сучасному етапі суспільного розвитку слід об’єктивно визнати, що територіальні громади неспроможні самостійно забезпечити класичну еволюційну відповідність продуктивних сил характеру виробничих відносин, а бюджетний детермінізм формує в усій системі місцевого самоврядування лише споживацькі настрої. Зокрема, наголошено на об’єктивному послабленні впливу бюджетної децентралізації та необхідності формування передумов для локалізації економічного простору через створення нових робочих місць, ефективного функціонування соціогуманітарної сфери та раціонального природокористування.Запропоновано систему дескрипторів, які формують інституціональні виклики і загрози у сфері публічного управління в сучасних умовах.
Estudio de factibilidad para que la Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR) ofrezca un curso de los planes de estudio de sus diferentes carreras en un segundo idioma (inglés): Casos de las Facultades de Ingeniería y Artes
Authors: Araya-Garita Walter , Charpentier-Jiménez William
Published: September 2020

Este artículo pretende diagnosticar las condiciones institucionales, docentes, estudiantiles y de plan de estudios para analizar la posibilidad de ofertar un curso de la malla curricular en el idioma inglés ubicado en los planes de las carreras de las Facultades de Ingeniería y Artes en la Sede Rodrigo Facio de la ucr. La investigación, completada durante el segundo semestre del 2016, se ha llevado a cabo dada la necesidad de mejorar la formación profesional con destrezas avanzadas en un segundo idioma (inglés) a estudiantes de educación superior. Se sigue un método cuantitativo en el cual se emplea la encuesta electrónica y la entrevista como las principales técnicas para recolectar la información. Los datos demuestran que el 66% de los directores de las diferentes escuelas ha considerado ofertar un curso de su carrera en inglés mientras que el 94% de los estudiantes estaría dispuesto a matricular un curso de su carrera en inglés. En cuanto a los docentes, más del 60% tiene la capacidad y está anuente a ofrecer cursos de su especialidad en inglés. El estudio concluye que, en su mayoría, tanto directores como estudiantes y docentes apoyarían un cambio curricular de esta naturaleza. Asimismo, la Escuela de Lenguas Modernas estaría dispuesta a apoyar y dar seguimiento a la enseñanza de idiomas a través de este proyecto. También se concluye que el nivel de inglés de la población estudiantil y el aspecto presupuestario son las dos razones principales que pueden obstaculizar esta idea.
Natação esportiva e saúde mental: existe relação?
Authors: Nunes Leonardo Geamonond
Published: September 2020

A natação é um dos esportes individuais mais praticados em todo o mundo, os benefícios proporcionados na saúde da população abrange um eixo biopsicossocial. A interação do indivíduo com o meio aquático possibilita vivenciar habilidades em um ambiente totalmente diferente do qual vivemos. Porém existem poucas contribuições na literatura científica quando nos referimos à prática da natação e os benefícios correspondentes sobre a saúde mental. Há carência de estudos que abordem os benefícios da prática, intensidades de treinamentos e volumes ideais, métodos utilizados e frequência semanal que corresponda sobre as respostas psicofisiológicas desencadeadas em crianças, adultos e idosos.
Síndrome de Compresión Medular secundario a Neuroblastomas en el Paciente Pediátrico
Authors: Hernández Jose Mario , . Yessika Gamboa
Published: September 2020

El síndrome de compresión medular se encuentra entre una de las emergencias oncológicas más frecuentes a las que se enfrentan los médicos en el abordaje clínico del paciente con cáncer y que cursa con déficits neurológicos agudos. Alrededor de dicha entidad clínica se ha instaurado un debate respecto al abordaje terapéutico más apropiado. No obstante, estudios retrospectivos no han logrado establecer un protocolo claro de tratamiento y las distintas técnicas terapéuticas no han mostrado diferencias significativas en el pronóstico a corto y largo plazo.
Síndrome de Bouveret
Authors: Jiménez Sofía Madrigal , Mora Giovanny Herrera
Published: September 2020

El síndrome de Bouveret es una patología poco común y poco conocida que genera obstrucción del tracto de salida gástrico debido al paso de un cálculo biliar de gran tamaño a través de una fístula bilio-duodenal. Posteriormente hay una impactación del lito en el duodeno, que produce una obstrucción intestinal. Es considerada una variante rara de íleo biliar que ocurre típicamente en paciente con edad avanzada y en asociación con patologías biliares. Debido a ser un síndrome poco conocido, su diagnóstico muchas veces se pasa por alto y no se brinda un tratamiento adecuado a un paciente que puede tener un alto índice de morbilidad y mortalidad.
Manejo quirúrgico del linfedema secundario al cáncer de mama
Authors: Villalobos Vanessa Uclés , Piedra Yendry Muñoz
Published: September 2020

El cáncer de mama es una patología frecuente en la actualidad. Estudios reportan que una alta proporción de pacientes desarrollan linfedema como consecuencia del cáncer o de su tratamiento. Puede interferir con las actividades de la vida diaria causando una restricción en el rango de movimiento, dolor, aumento de la tensión de la piel, infección recurrente, edema de las extremidades y la percepción de la paciente de la sensación de pesadez en la extremidad, efectando su calidad de vida. Las opciones no quirúrgicas han sido tradicionalmente el pilar y siguen siendo la forma inicial de tratamiento para todas las etapas del linfedema. Aunque eficaces, estas terapias tienen varios inconvenientes. Naturalmente, los médicos han buscado otras modalidades de tratamiento para mejorar la calidad de vida del paciente y disminuir la carga económica del linfedema. Se han descrito varias intervenciones quirúrgicas para el tratamiento del linfedema, cualquier intervención quirúrgica debe basarse en indicaciones bien definidas.
Síndrome de Distrés Respiratorio Agudo
Authors: Borbón Juan Diego Salazar , Rodríguez Fabiola Hidalgo , Aguilar Pablo Álvarez
Published: September 2020

El Síndrome de Distrés Respiratorio Agudo (SDRA) es una forma de edema pulmonar de causa no cardiogénica debido a daño alveolar y se diagnostica según la definición de Berlín. Se asocia a una mortalidad del 20-40% aproximadamente. El SDRA se caracteriza por tres fases secuenciales: la exudativa, la proliferativa y la fibroproliferativa. Presenta un diagnóstico diferencial amplio. El manejo se basa en el soporte con la ventilación mecánica de parámetros protectores, la pronación del paciente y el manejo conservador de la fluidoterapia. El uso de esteroides, estatinas, óxido nítrico y la ventilación de alta frecuencia oscilatoria no tienen un beneficio claro. En la actualidad se encuentran en estudio estrategias para la prevención del SDRA.
SÍNDROME DE PREEXCITACIÓN: WOLFF PARKINSON WHITE
Authors: Jiménez Solera María Paz , Quesada Aguilar Carlos
Published: September 2020

El patrón de Wolff Parkinson White (WPW) es la forma de presentación más común de preexcitaciónventricular. Puede presentarse como un hallazgo incidental en un electrocardiograma de rutina en pacientes completamente asintomáticos, en cuyo caso se le llama patrón de WPW; o puede presentarse acompañado de episodios de taquiarritmias paroxísticas llamándose síndrome de WPW. Debido a que los pacientes con este síndrome tienen un mayor riesgo de muerte súbita que la población general es importante conocer las manifestaciones electrocardiográficas de este para realizar un diagnóstico oportuno. Se presenta un caso electrocardiográfico de WPW en ritmo sinusal, se discutirán sus bases fisiológicas y hallazgos más comunes.
Dispositivo Intrauterino de Cobre como Anticoncepción de Emergencia Revisión de la biografía
Authors: Garbanzo Núñez David , Peralta Rivera Rita
Published: September 2020

El embarazo no deseado es un tema pendiente de los derechos de salud sexual y reproductiva de las mujeres, la anticoncepción de emergencia es una segunda oportunidad para evitar un embarazo no deseado. El uso del dispositivo intrauterino de cobre es la opción que presenta mayor eficacia como anticoncepción de emergencia. A pesar de su eficacia es el método de anticoncepción de emergencia menos usado, factores como la escasa consejería y poca capacitación del personal de salud son algunos de los señalados como responsables. El DIU Cu ofrece otros beneficios como el inicio de un método de planificación seguro por incluso 10 años. Los efectos adversos y complicaciones son raros, entre los que se encuentra la perforación uterina o la enfermedad pélvica inflamatoria. Está contraindicado su uso si se confirma el embarazo.
Disfunción ejecutiva en la Enfermedad de Huntington en fase preclínica versus fase clínica
Authors: Radulovich Muñoz Milena , González Sosto Mariana , Monge Ortiz José Manuel
Published: September 2020

La Enfermedad de Huntington ha sido estudiada mayoritariamente por su sintomatología motora, pero las afecciones cognitivas y psiquiátricas aparecen años antes del debut motor. Los síntomas neuropsiquiátricos representan una carga importante para los pacientes y sus familias por la pérdida de independencia de quienes los padecen. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una investigación de los síntomas cognitivos en específico que les dificulta llevar realizar por si solos las actividades diarias básicas, las referentes al sistema ejecutivo. Al identificar las afecciones principales de los pacientes desde etapas tempranas se puede diseñar un abordaje terapéutico más eficiente. La revisión se realizó con estudios de los últimos seis años, que fuesen estudios empíricos y que incluyeran pacientes con la enfermedad agrupados según su evolución. Dentro de los estudios utilizados se aplicaron diferentes métodos de evaluación del sistema ejecutivo. Se valoran tanto síntomas psiquiátricos como cognitivos dentro de la función ejecutiva y cómo evolucionan en el curso de la enfermedad. Los resultados señalan a una importante disfunción ejecutiva desde etapas iniciales de la enfermedad, en particular un riesgo aumentado de apatía desde muy temprano en el padecimiento.
Endocarditis Infecciosa
Authors: Monfragón Bustos Johel , Mondragón Bustos Daniel , Medina Céspedes Mario , Medina Céspedes Daniela
Published: September 2020

La Endocarditis Infecciosa (EI) o bacteriana es una enfermedad grave, que puede ser mortal en muchos casos y debido a su etiología diversa hace que sea una patología de difícil diagnóstico. A pesar de que el avance en las técnicas diagnósticas y en las intervenciones médicas, quirúrgicas y de cuidado crítico han modificado de forma favorable el curso de esta enfermedad, la EI, aún continúa siendo un reto terapéutico importante que debe ser abordado rápidamente y de manera integral por un equipo especializado.
Lumbalgia en el embarazo: abordaje para el médico general
Authors: Sequeira Calderón Daniela
Published: September 2020

La lumbalgia es una de las patologías más frecuentes durante el embarazo. Lo anterior se explica por la gran gama de cambios físicos, fisiológicos y hormonales que experimenta la mujer al albergar el producto de la concepción. Debido al impacto en la calidad de vida y economía, en los últimos años ha existido un aumento significativo en la investigación sobre esta patología, lo cual permite un diagnóstico más precoz y además ofrecer a la mujer embarazada un mejor abordaje.

Se ha demostrado que las medidas preventivas en la mujer embarazada tiene una gran influencia, pues la corrección de la postura, soporte corporal y demás hábitos promueven un estilo de vida más ergonómico a la gestante.  Sin embargo, tras la aparición de lumbalgia, existen múltiples medidas terapéuticas conservadoras y farmacológicas que son capaces de ofrecer un alivio para la paciente embarazada y por ende un impacto positivo en su calidad de vida.
Enfermedad de Still del adulto: reporte de caso
Authors: Camacho Solis Ana Elena
Published: September 2020

La enfermedad de Still del Adulto es una patología autoinflamatoria sistémica poligénica rara, pero clínicamente bien conocida. Debido a su aparición esporádica en adultos, con inicio inflamatorio potencialmente severo acompañado de un amplio espectro de manifestaciones y complicaciones, la enfermedad de Still del Adulto es un reto no resuelto para los clínicos, con opciones terapéuticas limitadas. En este artículo se presentará el caso de un paciente abordado en el Hospital San Juan de Dios, y posteriormente se detallará brevemente sobre generalidades de esta entidad, como presentación clínica, criterios diagnósticos, complicaciones asociadas y opciones terapéuticas.
Cardiomiopatía de Takotsubo
Authors: Webb Webb Kembly María
Published: September 2020

La cardiomiopatía de Takotsubo es una entidad patológica recientemente descrita (en el año 1990 en Japón). Esta patología se presenta principalmente en mujeres postmenopáusicas, además se ha descrito una mayor incidencia durante el verano. La fisiopatología de la enfermedad no está totalmente clara en la actualidad; no obstante, se piensa que un exceso catecolaminérgico, desencadenado por un estrés físico o emocional y la posterior inhibición de los receptores adrenérgicos podrían ser los responsables. La cardiomiopatía de Takotsubo se presenta clínicamente de forma indistinguible del infarto, por lo que son necesarias las pruebas de laboratorio y estudios de imagen para realizar el diagnóstico diferencial. Esta enfermedad es de buen pronóstico, pero pueden presentarse complicaciones agudas por lo que es importante un manejo médico adecuado.
Revisión y Actualización en Nefropatía Mesoamericana
Authors: Sanchez Mas Ellen Sylvie
Published: September 2020

La Nefropatía Mesoamericana se refiere a la enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) de etiología desconocida no relacionada a factores de riesgo tradicionales, endémica en Centroamérica. El principal factor asociado es el esfuerzo físico intenso bajo estrés térmico en hombres jóvenes dedicados principalmente a la agricultura. Hallazgos recientes han señalado un factor inflamatorio como parte de la etiopatogenia de la enfermedad. La población con alto riesgo de Nefropatía Mesoamericana también presenta un riesgo elevado de LRA que no será diagnosticada y que evolucionará a ERC.