bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uterine fluid proteome changes during diapause and resumption of embryo development in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus)
Authors: van der Weijden V A , Bick J T , Bauersachs S , Arnold G J , Fröhlich T , Drews B , Ulbrich S E
Published: April 2019

The uterine microenvironment during pre-implantation presents a pro-survival milieu and is essential for embryo elongation in ruminants. The European roe deer (Careolus capreolus) pre-implantation embryo development is characterised by a 4-month period of reduced development, embryonic diapause, after which the embryo rapidly elongates and implants. We investigated the uterine fluid proteome by label-free liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry at four defined stages covering the phase of reduced developmental pace (early diapause, mid-diapause and late diapause) and embryo elongation. We hypothesised that embryo development during diapause is halted by the lack of signals that support progression past the blastocyst stage. Three clusters of differentially abundant proteins were identified by a self-organising tree algorithm: (1) gradual reduction over development; (2) stable abundance during diapause, followed by a sharp rise at elongation; and (3) gradual increase over development. Proteins in the different clusters were subjected to gene ontology analysis. ‘Cellular detoxification’ in cluster 1 was represented by alcohol dehydrogenase, glutathione S-transferase and peroxiredoxin-2. ATP-citrate synthase, nucleolin, lamin A/C, and purine phosphorylase as cell proliferation regulators were found in cluster 2 and ‘cortical cytoskeleton’, ‘regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading’ and ‘melanosome’ were present in cluster 3. Cell cycle promoters were higher abundant at elongation than during diapause, and polyamines presence indicates their role in diapause regulation. This study provides a comprehensive overview of proteins in the roe deer uterine fluid during diapause and forms a basis for studies aiming at understanding the impact of the lack of cell cycle promoters during diapause.
Alluvial-Placer Gold of Northwestern Salair: Composition, Types, and Mineral Microinclusions
Authors: Nevolko P.A. , Kolpakov V.V. , Nesterenko G.V. , Fominykh P.A.
Published: April 2019

—On the territory of the Egor’evsk district, 3500 results of probe microanalyses of surface gold particles taken from 17 placers, weathering crusts, and orebodies were processed and summarized. High-fineness and mercury-containing gold is predominantly found within mother lodes and placers, and medium- and low-fineness gold is distributed in subordinate and dramatically subordinate quantities, especially in the placers. A unique feature of the gold composition, rarely occurring in other districts, is the constant and commonly simultaneous presence of mercury and copper impurities. Analysis of Ag, Hg, and Cu content variations has enabled us to identify five main grades of gold. The mother lodes of the predominant gold grades are metasomatites with beresite and listwaenite compositions, which are developed primarily after lower Cambrian volcanoterrigenous-carbonate rocks and ore-bearing mafic dikes. Mercury-containing gold is characteristic of beresites, but copper-bearing gold is typical of listwaenites. The relationship between corresponding grades of surface and ore gold is confirmed by the presence of microinclusions in the gold grains. Nonconformity between the content of gold from mother loads, weathering crusts, and placers is explained by the losses of Hg and Ag impurities by endogenous gold under subsurface hypergene conditions. Identification of mineral-geochemical properties of surface gold is of exceptional practical importance in ore-grade gold mineralization prediction.
Geologic and Geochemical Features of Cretaceous Ge-Bearing Lignites in the Yenisei Middle Reaches
Authors: Naidko V.I. , Makarov V.A. , Koz’min D.G. , Shimanskii A.F. , Fertikov A.I.
Published: April 2019

—Integrated geological and geochemical studies were performed for lignite from the Yenisei middle reaches, represented by carbonized fragments of trees with high germanium contents. Geochemical characteristics of terrigenous sediments with Ge-bearing lignite are determined. The chemical and mineral compositions, textures, and structures of carbonized wood fragments were studied. Scanning of individual cross sections of lignite fragments has revealed a regular distribution of germanium and impurity elements. Consistent patterns of the formation of Ge-containing lignites have been established, as well as the processes of their posthydrothermal transformation, which led to the impoverishment of the primary contents of the valuable component and to the input of a number of impurity elements. The latter formed rims over the lignite fragments and microveinlets with sulfide mineralization. The hypothesis has been put forward that germanium mineralization formed in lignites of the Kas basin, in particular, the Serchanskoe deposit.
Twenty Years with Personalized Medicine: Past, Present, and Future of Individualized Pharmacotherapy
Authors: Jørgensen Jan Trøst
Published: April 2019

On April 16, 1999, a short article appeared in The Wall Street Journal entitled “New Era of Personalized Medicine: Targeting Drugs for Each Unique Genetic Profile,” and here, the public was introduced to the term “personalized medicine” for the first time. A few months after publication of the article, it was reprinted in The Oncologist. The article describes the formation of the Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Consortium, which was established as a collaboration between a number of major pharmaceutical companies and several academic research institutions, with support from the Wellcome Trust Foundation. Reading the article today, one will find that several of the important arguments for an individualized therapy are described in a similar way as we have known it from the past 20 years of discussion. The article mentioned the poor efficacy of the current pharmacotherapy, disease heterogeneity, and genetic variability, a showdown with the “one-size-fits-all” approach, and the use of predictive safety and efficacy biomarkers. Today, personal medicine is in competition with other terms such as “precision medicine” and “stratified medicine” and is no longer the preferred term for describing the individualized health care approach. Even though personalized medicine arose from the idea of improving and individualizing pharmacotherapy, the concept has influenced most other areas of our health care system. No matter if we use the term precision medicine or personalized medicine, the ideas that originated 20 years ago have greatly impacted the way we develop and implement new initiatives in relation to diagnosis, prevention, and treatment today.
Optimization of High Intensity Ultrasound Treatment of Proso Millet Bran to Improve Physical and Nutritional Quality
Authors: Čukelj Mustač Nikolina , Voučko Bojana , Novotni Dubravka , Drakula Saša , Gudelj Anamarija , Dujmić Filip , Ćurić Duška
Published: April 2019

Millet is an unexploited cereal with potential in the food industry due to its nutritional value and resistance to harsh climate conditions. Nutritious millet byproducts have a potential application in the development of functional cereal products, but require processing in order to improve their physical and nutritional quality. Therefore, we investigated high intensity ultrasound as a pretreatment to increase the amount of freely available bioactives from proso millet bran. We also analysed the effect of high intensity ultrasound on enzymatic browning, water retention and protein digestibility, which are crucial for the utilization in the bakery and pasta industry. A 15 % millet bran suspension in water was treated with 400-W ultrasound probe for 5, 12.5 or 20 min, with the 60, 80 or 100 % amplitude. High intensity ultrasound treatment with 80 % amplitude for 12.5 min improved most significantly the nutritive value; the antioxidant activity measured by FRAP test increased by 15 % (p<0.05), and total phenolic content by 16 % (p<0.05). Still, the impact on the increase of water-soluble and ethanol-insoluble dietary fibre by 38 % was evident after the treatment for 20 min at 100 % amplitude. High intensity ultrasound treatment at 100 % amplitude for 5 min caused the largest improvements in water retention and limited browning of the sample. High intensity ultrasound treatment activated polyphenol oxidase, regardless of the applied heating of the sample. Due to its ambiguous impact on proso millet bran characteristics, the treatment required an optimization, which showed that the optimal pretreatment of a 15 % millet bran suspension in water is at 100 % amplitude for 9.3 min.
Teaching Mathematically Gifted Students in Israel: The State of the Art
Authors: DAVİD Hanna
Published: April 2019

This paper summarizing the situation of
teaching mathematics to the gifted elementary- and high school student in
Israel. It surveys the various frames of learning: formal learning in the
regular and in the gifted class, and the learning of math in the enrichment
programs for the gifted – both in the Hebrew an in the Arab sectors. The second
part of this paper summarizes all the existing non-formal programs –
acceleration as well as enrichment – for the mathematically gifted child and
adolescent. It includes descriptions of these programs, their target audience,
the subject learnt in them and the level of studying, the prerequisites – if any, and the
contribution to the students In terms of contents as well as certificates or
diplomas. The third part of the paper deals with the contradiction between the
well-developed are of learning high level mathematics for gifted students on
one side and the comparatively low achievements of Israeli best students in the
International examinations- TIMSS and PISA – on the other.
Effects of Instructional Activities Based on Multiple Intelligences Theory on Academic Achievement of Omani Students with Dyscalculia
Authors: AL-ZOUBI Suhail , AL-ADAWI Fatma Ali
Published: April 2019

This study aimed at identifying the effects of instructional activities based on Multiple Intelligences Theory (MIT) on the academic achievement of the Omani students with dyscalculia (OSD). The sample consisted of 14 male and female students in third and fourth grades enrolled in the resource room at Al-Ahed Primary School, Sultanate of Oman. The sample was randomly distributed to control and experimental groups each group included 7 students. The mathematics test (MT) was applied to both groups as pretest and posttest. The students in the experimental group were enrolled in instructional activities based on MIT at resource room for ten weeks, while the students in the control group were received their individual instruction at resource room at the same period. The results indicated that there were statistically significant differences between the performance of the two groups on post-MT in favour of the OSD in the experimental group.
Rafadan Tayfa Çizgi Filminin Milli ve Evrensel Değerler Açısından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ŞENTÜRK Şener , KESKİN Ayfer
Published: April 2019

Bu

Araştırmada “Rafadan Tayfa” adlı çizgi filmin milli ve evrensel değerler

açısından değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Doküman incelemesine dayanan

araştırmada filmin  20 bölümü

incelenmiştir. Verilerin analizinde Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı tarafından

hazırlanmış olan kök değerlerden hareketle oluşturulan “içerik değerlendirme

formu” kullanılmıştır. Filmde içeriğin en çok hangi değerlerle

ilişkilendirildiği frekans ve yüzde ile sayısallaştırılarak sunulmuştur.

Verilerin analizinde, evrensel değerlere ilişkin görsel sunumun milli

değerlerin iki katı olduğu; milli değerlere ilişkin, gelenekler, mekanlar,

kültürel miras, milli ve dini bayramlar; evrensel değerlere ilişkin,

yardımseverlik, sevgi, saygı, dostluk değerlerinin ön plana çıktığı; milli ve

evrensel kök değerlerin tamamına değinildiği görülmüştür. Bu doğrultuda filmin

değerler üretimi ve aktarımı konusunda ciddi bir rol üstlendiği söylenebilir
Bilim ve Sanat Merkezlerinin Eğitim Programlarının Öğrenci Görüşlerine Dayalı Olarak Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: KAYIŞDAĞ Erman , MELEKOĞLU Macid Ayhan
Published: April 2019

Bu araştırmada Bilim ve Sanat Merkezlerine (BİLSEM) devam eden öğrencilerin uygulanan eğitim programlarından ürün, süreç, içerik gibi değişkenler açısından memnuniyet derecesini ölçmek amaçlanmıştır. Nicel araştırma desenlerinden tarama araştırma yöntemi çalışmanın yöntemini oluşturmaktadır. Bulgularda ölçek toplam puanı ile yapılan analizlere göre öğrencilerin görüşleri cinsiyet ve  kuruma devam edilen haftalık ders saati açısından anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmiş olup, il değişkeni analizinde de genel ve il bazında eksiklikler tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmada kız öğrencilerin erkeklerden program memnuniyetinin daha yüksek olduğu, 8 ders saati programa devam eden öğrencilerin memnuniyetinin daha yüksek olduğu, eğitim kademesinde anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Tespit edilen sonuçlar üzerinden BİLSEM eğitim programlarının eksikliklerinin giderilmesi önerilmektedir
Sesli ve Sessiz Okumada Göz Hareketleri: Bir Göz İzleme (Eye Tracking) Çalışması
Authors: BAŞTUĞ Muhammet , KESKİN Kağan , ŞİMŞEK İrfan
Published: April 2019

Bu araştırma, okuyucuların sesli ve sessiz okuma sırasındaki göz

hareketlerini incelemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmaya Eğitim Fakültesi 3.

ve 4. Sınıfta öğrenim gören toplam 48 öğretmen adayı katılmıştır. Katılımcılara

SMI Marka Göz Takip Cihazı kullanılarak ekran üzerinden okuma yaptırılmıştır.

Okumalara ilişkin Cihaz üzerinden tutulan kayıtlardan, okuyucuların sesli ve

sessiz okumadaki göz hareketlerine ilişkin analizler yapılmıştır. Buna göre,

göz kırpma sayısı ve süresi sesli okumada sessiz okumaya göre daha yüksek

çıkmasına rağmen aradaki fark anlamlı değildir. Diğer taraftan, duraksama

sayısı ve duraksama süre ortalaması sesli okumada, sessiz okumaya göre anlamlı

derecede farklılaşmıştır. Sıçrama genişliği ortalaması, sıçrama süresi ve

sıçrama gecikme ortalaması ise anlamlı farklılaşmamıştır. Gezinti Yolları

Mesafesi ise sesli okumada anlamlı derecede yüksek çıkmıştır.

 
PTNG test bench protocol. v1
Authors: Perez Carlos , Andres Perez-Toborda Jaime , G. Avila Alba
Published: April 2019

This protocol presents the usage and methodology for a PTNG test bench version 1, the device is presented in following image: The electrical components part of the test bench and its technical specifications are listed in table 1.
Comparative Ct method quantification (2-ΔCt method). v1
Authors: Rizzacasa Barbara , Morini Elena , Mango Ruggiero , Vancheri Chiara , Budassi Simone , Massaro Gianluca , Maletta Sara , Macrini Massimiliano , D’Annibale Silvio , Romeo Francesco , Novelli Giuseppe , Amati Francesca
Published: April 2019

For the evaluation of the expression level of each miRNA was used the Ct (threshold cycle) method quantification. The threshold cycle (Ct) is defined as the PCR cycle at which the fluorescent signal of the reporter dye crosses an arbitrarily placed threshold. This method allows to quantify the absolute expression of each miRNAs in each sample analyzed and then to calculate the different expression of each miRNA in sample versus the controls.
ELISA v1
Authors: Flores Saul
Published: April 2019

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) are used to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the presence or concentration of a particular soluble antigen such as a specific antibody or a peptide in liquid samples, such as biological fluids and cell culture supernatants. . These assays take advantage of the ability of polystyrene plates to bind proteins, including antibodies, as well as the particular specificities of the antibodies for their antigens. Generally, these assays incorporate a colorimetric endpoint that can be detected by absorbance at a specific wavelength and quantified from a standard curve of dilutions of antigen or antibody. There are three commonly used ELISA formats. The ELISA technique with phospho-specific antibodies allows the detection and quantification of the phosphorylated protein present in the sample, as well as the facility to analyze a large number of samples simultaneously and semiautomated. This protocol of the ELISA method is a summary of the article previously published in the following link: http://www.labome.es/method/Protein-Quantitation.html
SECUNCIACION DEL ADN v1
Authors: Sotopolendo Angel
Published: April 2019

SECUENCIACION DEL ADNMETODO DE SECUENCIACION DE Maxam–GilbertDesarrollado entre 1976-77 por Allan Maxam y Walter Gilbert está basado en modificación química del ADN y posterior partición a nivel de bases específicas. Se realiza la marcación radioactiva con fósforo 32 a nivel del extremo 5 ́. El tratamiento químico produce rupturas en los siguientes nucleótidos G, A+G, C, C+T. Luego se produce electroforesis de los cuatro productos puestos uno al lado del otro. El gel es luego revelado con placa radiográfica. Este método se conoce también con el nombre de método químico.
Metodología utilizada para predecir el perfil metabólico de un paciente definido por los polimorfismos en el gen CYP2C9 v1
Authors: guerrero salazar abidan
Published: April 2019

Un gran número SNPs se localizan en genes que codifican enzimas metabolizadoras de fármacos y transportadores, todos ellos importantes para determinar la respuesta clínica a tratamientos farmacológicos [1]. La familia de proteínas del citocromo P450 representan las enzimas más importantes en la metabolización de los fármacos, ya el metabolismo implica una interacción compleja entre las diferentes enzimas oxidando una serie de sustratos endógenos y xenobióticos, incluyendo varios carcinógenos, toxinas y más del 90% de fármacos [2,3]. Diversos estudios han demostrado una amplia variación en el contenido y actividad hepática del citocromo P450. Se sabe que algunas mutaciones genéticas pueden afectar la expresión enzimática y la actividad de muchos P450, particularmente los genes CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP3A4 y CYP2B6, que además son de los más polimórficos [4]. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir la metodología utilizada para predecir el perfil de metabolismo de un paciente definido por los polimorfismos presentes en el gen CYP2C9. Se extraerán 5 mL de sangre periférica en tubo con tapón lila con EDTA. Posteriormente, el ADN se obtiene por el método de “salting out”. La pureza del ADN extraído se determinará mediante espectrofotometría con el equipo NanoDrop 1000®. Para la genotipificación se utilizará un microarreglo comercial Axiom® Precision Medicine Research Array de Affymetrix; además del análisis de datos obtenidos de secuenciación de nueva generación.
PENGARUH TRANSFER PRICING TERHADAP PENGHINDARAN PAJAK
Authors: Panjalusman Paskalis A , Nugraha Erik , Setiawan Audita
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis study aims to examine the effect of transfer pricing on tax avoidance. The independent variable used in this study is transfer pricing. While the dependent variable used in this study is tax avoidance, which is measured using the effective tax rate (GAAP-ETR). The population in this study amounted to 15 multinational manufacturing sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2014-2017 period. Determination of research samples using purposive sampling method and obtained a sample of 9 multinational manufacturing companies based on certain criteria. The results of the study show that transfer pricing has an effect but not significantly on tax avoidance. Key Word. transfer pricing; tax avodiance AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh transfer pricing terhadap penghindaran pajak (tax avoidance). Variabel independen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah transfer pricing. Sedangkan variabel dependen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penghindaran pajak (tax avoidance) yang diukur menggunakan effective tax rate (GAAP-ETR). Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 15 perusahaan sektor manufaktur multinasional yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) selama periode 2014-2017. Penentuan sampel penelitian menggunakan metode purposive sampling dan memperoleh sampel sebanyak 9 perusahaan manufaktur multinasional berdasarkan kriteria tertentu. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa transfer pricing berpengaruh tetapi tidak signifikan terhadap penghindaran pajak (tax avoidance). Kata Kunci. transfer pricing; penghindaran pajak
Perbandingan 3 Faktor dan 5 Faktor Asset Pricing Model
Authors: Sambas Putra Ivan Gumilar , Susanti Neneng
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn the period 1993-2014 Fama and French elicited two models that can be used to calculate asset pricing, the two models are three factors and five factors asset pricing models. The purpose of this study is to compare the best models in predicting excess returns in LQ 45 companies for the period 2012-2016. The population used in this study is the company contained in the LQ 45 category during the period 2012-2016. Based on the sampling method used in this study was purposive sampling with the research criteria set by the researchers, the sample in this study amounted to as many as 20 companies. The research method used in this study is explanatory research methods. Based on tests conducted using statistical data processing applications, namely SPSS Version 24, it is known that five factors are better at explaining excess return compared to three factors when viewed from the simultaneous test and paired samples test that has been done.AbstrakDalam periode 1993-2014, Fama dan French memunculkan dua model yang dapat digunakan untuk menghitung harga aset, dua model tersebut adalah tiga faktor dan lima faktor model penetapan harga aset. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan model terbaik dalam memprediksi kelebihan pengembalian di perusahaan LQ 45 untuk periode 2012-2016. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan yang terdapat dalam kategori LQ 45 selama periode 2012-2016. Berdasarkan metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling dengan kriteria penelitian yang ditetapkan oleh peneliti, sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah sebanyak 20 perusahaan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian eksplanatori. Berdasarkan tes yang dilakukan menggunakan aplikasi pengolahan data statistik, yaitu SPSS Versi 24, diketahui bahwa lima faktor lebih baik dalam menjelaskan kelebihan pengembalian dibandingkan dengan tiga faktor jika dilihat dari uji simultan dan uji sampel berpasangan yang telah dilakukanKeywords: excess return; five factors; three factors.
Back Matter Vol 7 No 1 Tahun 2019
Authors: Setiawan Yana
Published: April 2019

Back Matter Vol 7 No 1 Tahun 2019
Tectonic interpretation of the metamorphic field gradient south of the Koralpe in the Eastern Alps
Authors: Herg Alexandra , Stüwe Kurt
Published: April 2019

In order to constrain tectonic models for the nature of the Eoalpine high pressure belt at the eastern end of the Alps, we investigate the formation pressure of metamorphic rocks along a profile between the Koralpe and the well-known UHP rocks of the southern Pohorje mountains. Rocks from three different regions are considered: (i) the rocks of the southernmost Koralpe to the north, (ii) the rocks of the Plankogel Unit between the Plankogel detachment and the Drava valley and (iii) the rocks between the Possruck range and the southern Pohorje mountains. In the Koralpe, pelitic rocks record a formation pressure around 15 – 18 kbar, as reported in the literature. For the Plankogel Unit, we derive pressures between 7.1 ± 1.95 kbar and 11.5 ± 3.42 kbar at 650 °C and recognize only a single Eoalpine metamorphic event. For the high grade rocks of the Pohorje mountains, we derive peak metamorphic pressures (explored with the garnet-muscovite-kyanite-quartz assemblage) that rise from 16.2 ± 3.45 kbar (at 700°C) in the north, to 23.9 ± 2.49 kbar (at 700 °C) in the south. There, we also recognize a later lower pressure event that is derived from pressure calculations with the full equilibrium assemblage. This lower pressure event yields similar conditions around 10 ± 2 kbar at 650 °C for the entire north-south transect within the Pohorje mountains. Peak metamorphic conditions in the Koralpe and Pohorje regions are matched by a continuous field gradient of about 1.3 kbar per 10 kilometers distance corresponding to a depth increase of about 0.5 km per kilometers distance assuming lithostatic conditions. We suggest that this supports that the two units may be interpreted together in terms of a 45° dipping subducting plate. Above this subducting plate, it is inferred that a slab was extracted that was located between the Plankogel Unit and the high pressure rocks, causing a first exhumation stage that is associated with buoyant upwards tilting of the subducted slab to mid crustal levels. Within this model, the Plankogel Unit was located in the hanging wall of the extracted slab and the Plankogel detachment forms the suture of the extracted slab. Exhumation from mid crustal levels to the surface during a 2nd stage occurred due to erosion and normal faulting. This normal faulting is responsible for some 10 km of upward displacement of the Pohorje mountains relative to the Koralpe and ultimately for the current distribution of lithologies on a map scale.
Jurassic–Cretaceous radiolarian-bearing strata from the Gresten Klippen Zone and the St. Veit Klippen Zone (Wienerwald, Eastern Alps, Austria): Implications for stratigraphy and paleogeography
Authors: Ślączka Andrzej , Bąk Marta , Pfersmann Clemens , Koukal Veronika , Wagreich Michael , Kowalik Szymon , Maslo Martin
Published: April 2019

Two sections of the klippen zones in the Wienerwald area have been investigated for their stratigraphy: (1) The Gern section of the Main Klippen Zone, a part of the Gresten Klippen Zone, and (2) the St. Veit Klippen Zone in the Lainz Tunnel and the neighboring outcrops in western Vienna. New biostratigraphic data are based on radiolaria from siliceous intervals and a few findings of calcareous nannofossils from marlstones. In the Gresten Klippen Zone, radiolarian assemblages from limestones of the Gern locality indicate a middle Oxfordian to early Kimmeridgian age of the Scheibbsbach Formation.

Radiolarian and nannofossil data from the St. Veit Klippen Zone in the Lainz railway tunnel locality, as well as correlated outcrops from the Lainzer Tiergarten and the Gemeindeberg in the southwest of Vienna, indicate the presence of mainly Bajocian to lower Oxfordian red radiolarites and cherts (Rotenberg Formation). Siliceous, grey limestones and cherts of the Fasselgraben Formation range from the upper Oxfordian–Kimmeridgian to the Valanginian–Barremian.

The Main Klippen Zone was derived from the European margin to the north, and this zone is regarded as a Helvetic paleogeographic unit. The St. Veit Klippen Zone in the Lainz Tunnel section contains no ophiolitic material and shows a tectonic contact with the surrounding Rhenodanubian nappe system, which indicates no primary sedimentary contact of the St. Veit Klippen Zone with the Flysch units, as well as demonstrating the presence of two structurally separated Alpine tectonic units. Thus, a direct correlation with the Ybbsitz Zone is not supported, and an original paleogeographic position in the transition from the Penninic Ocean to the Austroalpine continental fragment is proposed.
CITRA TUBUH POSITIF PEREMPUAN DALAM IKLAN VIDEO DIGITAL (STUDI FEMVERTISING PADA IKLAN DOVE REAL BEAUTY)
Authors: Kumalaningtyas Nur , Sadasri Lidwina Mutia
Published: April 2019

Media komunikasi, secara khusus dalam konteks ini adalah periklanan, mengalami perkembangan melalui hadirnya teknologi digital. Salah satu bentuk relasi keduanya hadir dalam bentuk digital video advertising berikut beragam isu konten yang dibawanya. Citra tubuh sendiri sebagai salah satu isu yang diangkay dalam iklan bukanlah suatu hal yang baru, namun tak banyak yang mengusung isu body positivity. Salah satu merek yang mengusung citra tubuh positif secara berkelanjutan adalah Dove melalui rangkaian iklan Campaign for Real Beauty, yakni Evolution, Real Beauty Sketch, dan #MyBeautyMySay. Rangkaian iklan ini akan dianalisis mengguunakan tiga konteks unit analisis, yaitu iklan video digital, femvertising, dan citra tubuh positif. Pendekatan kualitatif diaplikasikan dengan metode analisis isi pada tiap scene atau adegan dan mengkategorikannya ke dalam unit analisis. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa rangkaian iklan tersebut menampilkan isu yang serupa, yaitu tentang pendiktean standar tubuh, penampilan, dan kecantikan perempuan yang telah berlangsung lama dan meningkatkan kegelisahan perempuan akan tubuh yang dimilikinya.kegelisahan akan citra tubuh pun dihapuskan dalam akhir iklan dengan rasa nyaman dan percaya diri yang disampaikan dengan monolog secara langsung menghadap kameran yang merupakan reresentasi dari konsep femvertising.
TIPE PENELITIAN DESKRIPSI DALAM ILMU KOMUNIKASI
Authors: Zellatifanny Cut Medika , Mudjiyanto Bambang
Published: April 2019

Abstrak –   Penelitian deskriptif merupakan metode penelitian yang berusaha menggambarkan objek atau subyek yang diteliti secara objektif, dan bertujuan menggambarkan fakta secara sistematis dan karakteristik objek serta frekuensi yang diteliti secara tepat. Pada umumnya, temuan dari penelitian deskriptif adalah dalam, luas dan terperinci. Luas karena penelitian deskriptif dilakukan tidak hanya terhadap masalah tetapi juga variabel-variabel lain yang berhubungan dengan masalah itu. Pelaksanaan penelitian deskriptif terstruktur, sistematis, dan terkontrol karena peneliti memulai dengan subjek yang telah jelas dan mengadakan penelitian atas populasi atau sampel dari subyek tersebut untuk menggambarkannya secara akurat.
The original order of Pesikta de-Rav Kahana
Authors: Atzmon Arnon
Published: April 2019

Determining the original order of the text of Pesikta de-Rav Kahana has plagued scholars since its discovery and reconstruction. This question is not merely technical; rather, it relates to the very essence of the work. The fact that multiple full and partial textual witnesses of the Pesikta have been discovered has not brought this question to its resolution, for these witnesses present the Pesikta in three significantly different orders. This article analyses the textual evidence supporting the order of the text found in these three different versions of the Pesikta. The article also takes into consideration the conceptual consequences of these findings on the nature and essence of the Pesikta. The article concludes by arguing in favour of the order found in one of these versions and with an explanation of the processes that led to the creation of the other two orders.
Aspects of modernity in the Jewish community in Sudan of the first half of the twentieth century
Authors: Ilan Nahem
Published: April 2019

Since the end of the nineteenth century until after the Six Day War (1967) there was a minute Jewish community in Sudan, which held 1,000 people at its peak. Most of them arrived from the Mediterranean countries, Iraq and Yemen. Several people arrived from Europe. Most of the members resided in Khartoum. It was an immigrant community, where most members dealt with local and international commerce, or were part of the British administration. After its establishment in January 1908, it functioned as an independent community, yet clearly linked to the Jewish community in Egypt. The Jewish community in Sudan was extremely modern. I suggest an explanation for this and comment on the level of modernism of this community compared to other Jewish communities in the Orient in the first half of the twentieth century.
Peat soils of boreal regressive bogs in West Siberia: Problems of biological diagnostics and systematics
Authors: Shishkonakova E. A. , Avetov N. A. , Tolpysheva T. Yu.
Published: April 2019

In this paper we consider plant (geobotanical) indicators of soils, occurring in regressive bogs in the north taiga subzone of West Siberia. The specificity of regressive bogs is the difference between current vegetation and botanical composition of the peat surface horizon, which complicates their biological diagnostics. The data on peat botanical composition, degree of decomposition and thickness are presented. Destructive oligotrophic peat soils, the allocation of which is provided in the actual Russian soil classification at the level of subtype, occur in palsa bogs under shrub-lichen vegetation. Their indicators include lichens: Cladonia stellaris, C. rangiferina, C. stygia, C. arbuscula, C. mitis, Alectoria ochroleuca, Сetraria islandica, C. laevigata, Flavocetraria cucullata, F. nivalis, Govardia nigricans. A new subtype - peat oligotrophic regressive soils - which occurs in non-freezing bog is suggested. The indicators of this soil subtype in pine-shrub-sphagnum bogs are lichens Cladonia cenotea, C. chlorophaea, C. coniocraea, C. cornuta, C. crispata, C. deformis, C. gracilis, C. fimbriata, C. mitis, C. ochrochlora, C. pleurota, C. polydactyla, C. pyxidata, C. rangiferina, C. stellaris, C. subulata, C. sulphurina and liverwort Mylia anomala . The indicators of regressive soils in bog hollows are mainly liverwort Cladopodiella fluitans , mosses Warnstorfia fluitans , W. exannulata , and lichen Cetrariella delisei .
The Optical Characteristics of Aggregates Organic Matter Fractions in Typical Chernozems
Authors: Kholodov V. A. , Ivanov V. A. , Farkhodov Ju. R. , Safronova N. A. , Artemyeva Z. S. , Jaroslavceva N. V.
Published: April 2019

The consumption specters of organic matter fractions in ultraviolet and visible parts of specter (UV-visible specters) were investigated. The specters of soluted organic matter, as well as labile humic matters and humic matters itselves, which were extracted from small, medium and large aggregates from typical chernozems of long-term experiments were investigated. The samples of undisturbed chernozems, which are annually collected in the annually hayed steppe and from the chernozem with extreme organic matter degradation, were used (variant of long-termed experiment - irreplaceable black fallow since 1964). On the basis of specters obtained the parameters of optical indices SUVA254, E2/E3, E4/E6 were calculated. The highest differences between the aggregates were revealed in extracts of organic matter. The differences were lower for labile humic matters. There were no differences revealed for humic matters between the optical indices for different aggregates of one type of chernozems use. It is shown that all of the three parameters are not changed symbasically. Hence, all of the three parameters should be used for complete spectral characteristic.
Evolución del consumo de alcohol y tabaco en jóvenes en España, posterior a la ley 42/2010 frente al tabaquismo: 2011-2014.
Authors: Rodriguez Muñoz Pedro Manuel , Carmona Torres Juan Manuel , Hidalgo Lopezosa Pedro , Cobo Cuenca Ana Isabel , Rodríguez Borrego María Aurora
Published: April 2019

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el consumo de alcohol y tabaco en jóvenes en España, posterior a la ley 42/2010, periodo 2011-2014. La muestra estaba formada por 3270 jóvenes entre 15 y 24 años de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud en España (ENSE) de 2011 y la Encuesta Europea de Salud en España (EESE) de 2014. Variables: consumo, tipo de tabaco, intentos de dejar de fumar, consumo y tipo de bebida alcohólica, consumo intensivo de alcohol en una misma ocasión y variables sociodemográficas. Se realizó análisis de regresión logística con las variables sociodemográficas. Los resultados indicaron una disminución del consumo de tabaco y alcohol desde 2011 a 2014, aumentado los intentos de dejar de fumar. El tipo de bebida que más esta aumentado es la cerveza, el consumo mayoritario es entre 1 y 2 días/semana y la mitad de jóvenes que consumen alcohol han tenido un consumo intensivo en una misma ocasión en los últimos 12 meses. Existen diferencias significativas en el consumo de tabaco y alcohol. Entre 2011 y 2014 ha descendido el número de fumadores ocasionales, a diario y consumo de alcohol, coincidiendo con la entrada en vigor de la ley 42/2010. El consumo intensivo de alcohol, binge drinking, es el patrón que más se está dando entre jóvenes. Los factores que se relacionan con mayor consumo de tabaco son: ser hombre, estar casado y no tener estudios universitarios. Por otro lado, las variables relacionadas con consumo de alcohol son: sexo masculino, nacionalidad española y estudios universitarios.
Autodeclaración del consumo de marihuana, tabaco, alcohol y derivados de cocaína en embarazadas en 2013 y 2016, Montevideo, Uruguay
Authors: Moraes Castro Mario , Pinto Fernanda , Pereiras Camila , Fischer Castells Agustin , Vogel Agoglia Carolina , Duarte Victoria , Barceló José , Sosa Claudio , González Gabriel
Published: April 2019

Introducción: Uruguay es el primer país en modificar la legislación sobre el consumo recreativo de cannabis, mediante la Ley 19.172 del 20 de diciembre de 2013, otorgando al Estado la potestad de regular su producción y comercialización. Objetivo: evaluar las prevalencias de la autodeclaración del consumo de marihuana, tabaco, alcohol, cocaína y derivados y su evolución temporal en embarazadas para los años 2013 y 2016. Metodología: estudio descriptivo, transversal y analítico, durante dos períodos de tiempo, en 2013 y 2016. Se incluyeron mujeres que tuvieron su parto y puerperio inmediato en el Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell (CHPR) de Montevideo, Uruguay. Se realizó una encuesta protocolizada sobre su nivel sociodemográfico, años de educación formal, datos del embarazo, parto, recién nacido y consumo de sustancias antes y durante la gestación. Resultados: en la investigación participaron 577 mujeres, 319 correspondientes a las entrevistas realizadas en el año 2013 y 258 en 2016. Respecto al alcohol, 76 (23,82%) mujeres declaran su consumo durante el embarazo en 2013, mientras que, en 2016, 91 (35,3%) (p=0,003). En cuanto al tabaco, 59 (43%) dejaron de fumar al enterarse del embarazo en 2013 y 69 (60%) en 2016 (p=0,008). En 2013, 41 mujeres (12,85%) fumaron marihuana hasta saber del embarazo y 79 (30%) en 2016 (p<0,001). Durante la gestación, en 2013 declararon fumar marihuana 5 mujeres (1,57%), mientras que en 2016 fueron 28 (10,85%) (p<0,001). El uso de cocaína y pasta base de cocaína (PBC) no cambió significativamente entre 2013 y 2016. Conclusiones: Entre los años 2013 y 2016 se observó un aumento significativo en la autodeclaración del consumo de marihuana y alcohol antes y durante el embarazo. El consumo de cocaína y pasta base de cocaína se mantuvo estable en ese periodo. El consumo de tabaco disminuyó significativamente en mujeres embarazadas.
Visual attention to alcohol labels: an exploratory eye-tracking experiment
Authors: Sillero-Rejon Carlos , Maynard Olivia , Ibáñez-Zapata José-Ángel
Published: April 2019

Current alcohol labelling goes unnoticed by consumers. In addition, EU legislation does not obligate the alcohol industry to include any health warning labels on alcohol packagings. This study aims to explore how the size and design of alcohol by volume (ABV) labels, along with the alcohol strength presented on these labels, influence visual attention toward them. We also examine how label size and alcohol strength influence visual attention toward a health warning label on alcoholic beverages. Using an experimental human laboratory design, we tracked the eye-movements of 64 participants while they viewed beers with different ABV (0.4%, 4.6% vs. 15%). We measured the number of fixations toward ABV labelling which varied in size and design (text-only vs. traffic light). A health warning label was also included on the beers for half of the participants and size was manipulated as a between-subject factor. Results showed strong evidence that the number of fixations was higher when the ABV labels were larger and used a traffic light system. Likewise, we found a higher number of fixations toward larger health warning labels and differences in visual attention depending on the ABV content presented. In conclusion, this study indicates that current alcohol labelling is insufficient to draw the attention of consumers and suggests that future alcohol labelling must be larger and with a graphic design to attract attention.
De regreso a la validez basada en el contenido
Authors: Ventura-León José
Published: April 2019

La validez basada en el contenido ha sido olvidada en estudios instrumentales, debido a la hegemonía de modelos factoriales que son la técnica más frecuente para examinar la evidencia basada en la estructura interna. No obstante, la revisión de contenido de un instrumento de medida autoinformado es muy importante porque permite evaluar la relevancia y representatividad de los ítems respecto al constructo. De ese modo, el autor de la carta facilita un formato de jueces expertos, que puede ser solicitado en su totalidad sin costo alguno; además, se facilita un hoja de cálculo en Excel® o código en R para calcular la V de Aiken (coeficiente más utilizado) con sus respectivos intervalos de confianza.
Fenofibrate -a PPARα agonist- increases alcohol dehydrogenase levels in the liver: implications for its possible use as an ethanol-aversive drug
Authors: Muñoz Daniel , Rivera-Meza Mario , Flores-Bastías Osvaldo , Quintanilla María Elena , Karahanian Eduardo
Published: April 2019

After ethanol consumption, disulfiram increases blood-acetaldehyde levels, generating an aversive reaction that deters alcohol drinking. Given the major secondary effects of disulfiram, finding other effective drugs to reduce alcohol consumption in individuals with alcohol-use-disorder is highly desirable. It has been reported that administering fenofibrate to high-drinking rats increases hepatic catalase levels and blood acetaldehyde after administering ethanol and a 60-70% inhibition of voluntary alcohol intake. This work evaluated whether fenofibrate has an additional effect on the activity of other ethanol-metabolizing enzymes, which could contribute to the high acetaldehyde levels generated upon administering ethanol. Male high-drinker rats were allowed to voluntary drink 10% ethanol or water for 2 months. Subsequently, fenofibrate (100 mg/kg/day) or vehicle was administered orally for 14 days. Then, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH1) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) protein levels and enzymatic activities in the livers were quantified. Fenofibrate treatment produced a marked increase in ADH1 protein levels (396% ± 18%, p < 0.001) and enzymatic activity (425% ± 25%, p < 0.001). Fenofibrate did not result in differences in ALDH2 activity or in ALDH2 protein levels. The studies show that treatment with fenofibrate not only increased the activity of catalase in the liver of alcohol-drinking rats, as reported earlier, but also increased the levels and enzymatic activity of ADH1, while ALDH2 remained unchanged. The increases in ADH1 contribute to explaining the remarkable effect of fenofibrate in raising blood levels of acetaldehyde in ethanol-consuming animals, in which a marked reduction of alcohol intake is recorded.
¿Que hacer en los casos que dan positivo a metadona en los controles de drogas en carretera? La experiencia de España
Authors: Herrera-Gómez Francisco , Alvarez F. Javier
Published: April 2019

Conducir bajo la influencia de drogas ilegales, y algunas substancias legales, no esta permitido  a nivel internacional (WHO, 2016). Para evitar esta conducta de riesgo, España es uno de los países de la Unión Europea con “tolerancia cero” (no se permite conducir con ninguna cantidad de droga en el organismo). Las pruebas de control de drogas en carretera (de screening o detección) son obligatorias (la ley sanciona a todos los que se nieguen a someterse a dichas pruebas como si estas pruebas fuesen positivas), y se realizan en fluido oral. Cuando un conductor da positivo en estas pruebas, se obtiene una segunda muestra de fluido oral que se envía a laboratorios acreditados para el análisis de confirmación y cuantificación de las sustancias detectadas.
Quantum Mechanical Explanation for Dark energy, Cosmic Coincidence, Flatness, Age and Size of Universe
Authors: Dikshit Biswaranjan
Published: April 2019

Although general relativity has been successful in explaining many astronomical phenomena, few problems about the contents and evolution of the universe have remained mysterious since last century. Most important of them is the cosmological constant problem in which conventional calculation of vacuum (or dark) energy density using quantum mechanics leads to a value ~10114 J/m3 which is ~10123 times more than the vacuum energy (5.3×10-10 J/m3) estimated from astronomical observations of expanding universe. Similarly, cosmic coincidence problem questions why the matter energy density (ordinary plus dark matter) is of the same order as the vacuum energy density at present time. Finally, the mechanism responsible for spatial flatness and expansion of the universe are not clearly understood. In this paper, by taking the vacuum as a finite and closed quantum oscillator, we solve all of the above-mentioned problems. At first, by using purely quantum mechanical approach, we predict that the dark energy density is c4/(GR2) = 5.27×10-10 J/m3 (where R is radius of 3-sphere of universe) and matter energy density is c4/(2GR2) = 2.6×10-10 J/m3 which match well with astronomical observations. We also prove that the dark energy has always been ~66.7% and matter energy has been ~33.3% of total energy and hence, the so called cosmic coincidence problem doesn’t exist. Next, we show how flatness of space could be maintained since the early stage of universe. Finally, using our model, we derive the expression for age and radius of universe which match well with the astronomical data.
Identification of a Clinically Relevant Signature for Early Progression in KRAS-Driven Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Neidler Sarah , Kruspig Björn , Hewit Kay , Monteverde Tiziana , Gyuraszova Katarina , Braun Attila , Clark William , James Daniel , Hedley Ann , Nieswandt Bernhard , Shanks Emma , Dick Craig , Murphy Daniel J.
Published: April 2019

Inducible genetically defined mouse models of cancer uniquely facilitate the investigation of early events in cancer progression, however there are valid concerns about the ability of such models to faithfully recapitulate human disease.  We developed an inducible mouse model of progressive lung adenocarcinoma (LuAd) that combines sporadic activation of oncogenic KRasG12D with modest overexpression of c-MYC (KM model). Histological examination revealed a highly reproducible transition from adenoma to locally invasive adenocarcinoma within 6 weeks of oncogene activation.  Laser-capture microdissection coupled with RNA-SEQ was employed to determine transcriptional changes associated with tumour progression.  Upregulated genes were triaged for relevance to human LuAd using datasets from Oncomine and cBioportal.  Selected genes were validated by RNAi screening in human lung cancer cell lines and examined for association with lung cancer patient overall survival using KMplot.com.  Depletion of progression-associated genes resulted in pronounced viability and/or cell migration defects in human lung cancer cells.  Progression-associated genes moreover exhibited strong associations with overall survival, specifically in human lung adenocarcinoma, but not in squamous cell carcinoma. The KM mouse model faithfully recapitulates key molecular events in human lung cancer and is a useful tool for mechanistic interrogation of LuAd progression.