bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Neostigmine on Early Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction in Older Adult Patients Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Deng Chengcheng , Yang Lin , Sun Defeng , Feng Yan , Sun Zhongliang , Li Junjie
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND:

The goal of this study was to investigate the efficacy of neostigmine on postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) and determine its effect on systematic markers of oxidative stress in older patients.

METHODS:

This double-blind placebo-controlled trial enrolled 118 elderly patients (≥65 years) undergoing noncardiac surgeries who were allocated to a neostigmine treatment group (0.04 mg/kg) or a placebo control group (normal saline) postoperatively. POCD was diagnosed if the Z-scores for the mini-mental state examination and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment were both ≤−1.96. Postoperative serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were also compared. Multivariable regression analysis with dose adjustment of atropine was used to demonstrate the influence of neostigmine on the incidence of POCD.

RESULTS:

Patients receiving neostigmine had a significantly reduced incidence of POCD compared to patients who were treated with placebo on the first day after surgery (−22%, 95% confidence interval [CI], −37 to −7), but not on the third (8%, 95% CI, −4 to 20) or seventh day after surgery (3%, 95% CI, −7 to 13). Postoperative plasma MDA levels were significantly lower (P = .016), but SOD and BDNF levels were increased (P = .036 and .013, respectively) in the neostigmine group compared to the control group on the first day after surgery.

CONCLUSIONS:

Neostigmine reduced POCD on the first day after noncardiac surgery in older patients. Neostigmine treatment inhibited oxidative stress and increased serum BDNF levels. There was no significant influence of neostigmine on POCD on the third or seventh day after surgery. The clinical influence of neostigmine on POCD should be further investigated.
Behavioural and physiological impacts of low salinity on the sea urchin Echinus esculentus
Authors: Barrett Nicholas J. , Harper Elizabeth M. , Last Kim S. , Reinardy Helena C. , Peck Lloyd S.
Published: December 2023

Reduced seawater salinity as a result of freshwater input can exert a major influence on the ecophysiology of benthic marine invertebrates, such as echinoderms. While numerous experimental studies have explored the physiological and behavioural effects of short-term, acute exposure to low salinity in echinoids, surprisingly few have investigated the consequences of chronic exposure, or compared the two. In this study, the European sea urchin, Echinus esculentus, was exposed to low salinity over the short term (11‰, 16‰, 21‰, 26‰ and 31‰ for 24 h) and longer term (21, 26 and 31‰ for 25 days). Over the short term, oxygen consumption, activity coefficient and coelomic fluid osmolality were directly correlated with reduced salinity, with 100% survival at ≥21‰ and 0% at ≤16‰. Over the longer term at 21‰ (25 days), oxygen consumption was significantly higher, feeding was significantly reduced and activity coefficient values were significantly lower than at control salinity (31‰). At 26‰, all metrics were comparable to the control by the end of the experiment, suggesting acclimation. Furthermore, beneficial functional resistance (righting ability and metabolic capacity) to acute low salinity was observed at 26‰. Osmolality values were slightly hyperosmotic to the external seawater at all acclimation salinities, while coelomocyte composition and concentration were unaffected by chronic low salinity. Overall, E. esculentus demonstrate phenotypic plasticity that enables acclimation to reduced salinity around 26‰; however, 21‰ represents a lower acclimation threshold, potentially limiting its distribution in coastal areas prone to high freshwater input.
Is a blunt sword pointless? Tooth wear impacts puncture performance in Tasmanian devil canines
Authors: Pollock Tahlia I. , Hocking David P. , Evans Alistair R.
Published: December 2023

As teeth wear, their shapes change and functional features can be dulled or lost, presumably making them less effective for feeding. However, we do not know the magnitude and effect of this wear. Using Tasmanian devil canines as a case study, we investigated the impact of wear on puncture in pointed teeth. We measured aspects of shape impacted by wear (tip sharpness, height and volume) in teeth of varying wear followed by 3D printing of real and theoretical forms to carry out physical puncture tests. Tooth wear acts in two ways: by blunting tooth tips, and decreasing height and volume, both of which impact performance. Sharper tips in unworn teeth decrease the force and energy required to puncture compared with blunter worn teeth, while taller unworn teeth provide the continuous energy necessary to propagate fracture relative to shorter worn teeth. These wear-modulated changes in shape necessitate more than twice the force to drive worn teeth into ductile food and decrease the likelihood of puncture success.
Pressurized IntraPeritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) Applied to Platinum-Resistant Recurrence of Ovarian Tumor: A Single-Institution Experience (ID: PARROT Trial)
Authors: Vizzielli Giuseppe , Giudice Maria Teresa , Nardelli Federica , Costantini Barbara , Salutari Vanda , Inzani Frediano Socrate , Zannoni Gian Franco , Chiantera Vito , Di Giorgio Andrea , Pacelli Fabio , Fagotti Anna , Scambia Giovanni
Published: December 2023

Background

We aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of Pressurized IntraPeritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) in platinum-resistant recurrence of ovarian cancer and peritoneal carcinomatosis, while our secondary endpoint was to establish any changes in quality of life estimated via the EORTC QLQ-30 and QLQ-OV28 questionnaires.

Methods

In this monocentric, single-arm, phase II trial, women were prospectively recruited and every 28–42 days underwent courses of PIPAC with doxorubicin 2.1 mg/m2 followed by cisplatin 10.5 mg/m2 via sequential laparoscopy.

Results

Overall, 98 PIPAC procedures were performed on 43 women from January 2016 to January 2020; three procedures were aborted due to extensive intra-abdominal adhesions. The clinical benefit rate (CBR) was reached in 82% of women. Three cycles of PIPAC were completed in 18 women (45%), and 13 (32.5%) and 9 (22.5%) patients were subjected to one and two cycles, respectively. During two PIPAC procedures, patients experienced an intraoperative intestinal perforation. There were no treatment-related deaths. Nineteen patients showed no response according to the Peritoneal Regression Grading Score (PRGS) and 8 patients showed minor response according to the PRGS. Median time from ovarian cancer relapse to disease progression was 12 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 6.483–17.517), while the median overall survival was 27 months (95% CI 20.337–33.663). The EORTC QLQ-28 and EORTC QLQ-30 scores did not worsen during therapy.

Conclusions

PIPAC seems a feasible approach for the treatment of this subset of patients, without any impact on their quality of life. Since this study had a small sample size and a single-center design, future research is mandatory, such as its application in addition to systemic chemotherapy.
Patients’ Preferences Towards Decision Counseling for Active Surveillance After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Hermus Merel , van der Zijden Charlène J. , Wijnhoven Bas P. L. , Busschbach Jan J. , Lagarde Sjoerd M. , Kranenburg Leonieke W.
Published: December 2023

Background

Decision counseling (DC) is offered to enable patients to reflect on their treatment preferences and to think through the consequences of alternative treatment options. However, the timing of DC is debatable. In this study, patients who underwent DC at different times were interviewed about their experiences, specifically focusing on the timing of DC.

Methods

Patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer eligible for participation in a prospective cohort study on active surveillance (SANO-2 study) were offered DC either before or after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT). Structured interviews were conducted by phone 1 week after DC, and responses were analyzed using frequency counts for the answers to set response categories. The primary outcome was the preferred time to receive DC, while the secondary outcome was the overall experience of patients with DC.

Results

Overall, 40 patients were offered DC between 2021 and 2023. Patients who had counseling before the start of nCRT (n = 20) were satisfied with the timing of DC. Of the 20 patients who had DC after nCRT, 6 would have preferred counseling at an earlier time point. Patients who had DC both before or after the completion of nCRT reflected positively on DC.

Conclusion

It is recommended to introduce the option of DC as early as possible and discuss with the patient at which moment during the decision-making process they prefer to discuss all treatment options more extensively.
Physical Activity and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein in Pregnancy: Does It Matter during Leisure or Work?
Authors: LIU XINYUE , CHEN LIWEI , LI JIAN , HOLTERMANN ANDREAS , LU RUIJIN , BIRUKOV ANNA , WEIR NATALIE L. , TSAI MICHAEL Y. , ZHANG CUILIN
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Physical activity (PA), regardless of domain, is recommended for pregnant individuals in clinical guidelines, but limited evidence is available for work-related PA. This study aimed to examine the associations of occupational (OPA) and leisure-time PA (LTPA) with plasma high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), a risk marker for adverse pregnancy outcomes, among pregnant individuals.

Methods

This longitudinal study included 257 workers in the fetal growth cohort. OPA/LTPA and hs-CRP were measured in each trimester. OPA/LTPA was divided into high and low groups by the median level. Multivariable linear regressions were applied to estimate the adjusted geometric mean differences of hs-CRP (mg·L−1) comparing high versus low OPA/LTPA in each trimester and the changes in OPA/LTPA over pregnancy.

Results

OPA was positively associated with hs-CRP (high: 5.14 vs low: 3.59; P value: 0.001) in the first trimester, particularly for standing/walking or walking fast, regardless of carrying things. LTPA was negatively associated with hs-CRP in the second (high: 3.93 vs low: 5.08; 0.02) and third trimesters (high: 3.30 vs low: 4.40; 0.046). Compared with the low OPA + high LTPA group, hs-CRP was higher in both the high OPA + high LTPA and high OPA + low LTPA groups in the first trimester, and in the high OPA + low LTPA group only in the third trimester. The change in OPA during pregnancy was positively associated with hs-CRP, whereas the change in LTPA was negatively associated with hs-CRP from the second to the third trimester.

Conclusions

In pregnant individuals, LTPA was negatively associated with hs-CRP, whereas OPA was positively associated with hs-CRP. More research on OPA’s health impact among pregnant individuals is needed, and guidelines may consider the potential unfavorable influence of OPA on pregnant individuals.
SCARPET: site-specific quantification of methylated and nonmethylated adenosines reveals m6A stoichiometry
Authors: Mirza Aashiq H. , Bram Yaron , Schwartz Robert E. , Jaffrey Samie R.
Published: December 2023

m6A has different stoichiometry at different positions in different mRNAs. However, the exact stoichiometry of m6A is difficult to measure. Here, we describe SCARPET (site-specific cleavage and radioactive-labeling followed by purification, exonuclease digestion, and thin-layer chromatography), a simple and streamlined biochemical assay for quantifying m6A at any specific site in any mRNA. SCARPET involves a site-specific cleavage of mRNA immediately 5′ of an adenosine site in an mRNA. This site is radiolabeled with32P, and after a series of steps to purify the RNA and to remove nonspecific signals, the nucleotide is resolved by TLC to visualize A and m6A at this site. Quantification of these spots reveals the m6A stoichiometry at the site of interest. SCARPET can be applied to poly(A)-enriched RNA, or preferably purified mRNA, which produces more accurate m6A stoichiometry measurements. We show that sample processing steps of SCARPET can be performed in a single day, and results in a specific and accurate measurement of m6A stoichiometry at specific sites in mRNA. Using SCARPET, we measure exact m6A stoichiometries in specific mRNAs and show that Zika genomic RNA lacks m6A at previously mapped sites. SCARPET will be useful for testing specific sites for their m6A stoichiometry and to assess how m6A stoichiometry changes in different conditions and cellular contexts.
Rock in Rio: desafios de corporate social responsibility no pós-pandemia
Authors: Affonso Velasco Mendes Gabriela , Russo de Almeida da Silva Eduardo
Published: December 2023

Motivado pelo avanço das discussões de sustentabilidade no mundo e pelos novos paradigmas impostos ao setor de entretenimento no pós-Covid-19, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo discutir os novos padrões estratégico-operacionais adotados por grandes eventos, que cada vez mais têm sido avaliados pelo público, governos e organizações a partir da sua responsabilidade socioambiental. Para tal, o caso coloca o leitor no papel de Roberto Medina, idealizador do Rock in Rio, para se analisarem as mudanças realizadas pelo festival na edição adiada de 2022, sobretudo no que diz respeito ao alinhamento do discurso às práticas de corporate social responsibility (CSR) utilizadas pelos organizadores do evento. O Rock in Rio foi escolhido por ser uma marca internacional de um dos maiores festivais de música do mundo e desde a sua primeira edição, em 1985, sempre ter tido um posicionamento alinhado com a pauta do desenvolvimento sustentável, cobrando ações práticas de governos e empresas. Dessa maneira, o caso é indicado para cursos de graduação e pós-graduação das áreas de Administração de Empresas, Publicidade e Propaganda e Produção Cultural, podendo ser aplicado em disciplinas de Estratégia, Marketing Estratégico e Sustentabilidade.
The prevalence of dental agenesis among children with cleft lip and palate patients in Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Zaheer Naauman , Shahbaz Maliha , Zaheer Usman , Wyne Amjad H
Published: December 2023

Objective: This retrospective, cross-sectional analytical study investigated the incidence of tooth agenesis in cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients. Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) radiographs of the CLP children were examined for congenitally missing teeth.

Method: This study was conducted at three radiology centers in Lahore, namely, the Pakistan Jinnah MRI and Body Scan Centre, the University of Lahore Radiology Centres, and Fatima Memorial Hospital, from September 2021 to August 2022. The CLP patients were divided into four groups based on the location of the cleft: Cleft Lip and Palate Right (CLPR), Cleft Lip and Palate Left (CLPL), Bilateral Cleft (CLPB), and Midline Cleft (CLPM), inside and outside the cleft region. Two-way ANOVA was employed to compare the means of agenesis. Tukey’s test was utilized to ascertain where the difference lies. The significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05.

Results: Moreover, a significant number of missing teeth were found inside the cleft. This study observed the CLPL (42.3%) and CLPR (13.6%) types more in number. Maxillary first premolars were found more missing outside the cleft region in CLPL and CLPB types. Although CLPB and CLPM types revealed a pattern of missing teeth, only a few cases were found in this study. Moreover, mean tooth agenesis was highest (4.5 SD.71) in the CLPM group, followed up by CLPB (2.75 SD 2.49), CLPR (1.23 SD 1.27), and CLPL Group (1.15 SD 1.12).

Conclusions: Unilateral cleft lip and palate patients reported significant agenesis patttern compared to bilateral and median cleft cases.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.7997

How to cite this: Zaheer N, Shabaz M, Zaheer U, Wyne AH. The prevalence of dental agenesis among children with cleft lip and palate patients in Lahore, Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.7997

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Η «παιδαγωγική της ενσυναίσθησης» στο «Διαδικτυακό Σχολείο» της Περιφερειακής Διεύθυνσης Εκπαίδευσης Αττικής
Authors: Κόσυβας Γεώργιος
Published: December 2023

Η αναστολή της λειτουργίας των σχολείων κατά το ακαδημαϊκό έτος 2020-2021 ως απότοκο της επέκτασης της πανδημίας COVID-19 κατέστησε αναγκαία την ίδρυση ενός «Διαδικτυακού Σχολείου» για την εκπλήρωση των σύνθετων αναγκών των ευπαθών μαθητών. Αυτή η εργασία ασχολείται με τη δημιουργία ενός διαδικτυακού περιβάλλοντος ασφάλειας και φροντίδας, στο οποίο δίδαξαν ευπαθείς εκπαιδευτικοί εφαρμόζοντας την παιδαγωγική της ενσυναίσθησης, μια ολιστική προσέγγιση για την ανάπτυξη των γνωστικών και συναισθηματικών δεξιοτήτων των ευπαθών μαθητών. Η εν λόγω έρευνα είναι ποιοτική. Ελήφθησαν 50 συνεντεύξεις ανοιχτού τύπου από εκπαιδευτικούς και 15 από μαθητές και εφαρμόστηκε η μέθοδος της ποιοτικής ανάλυσης περιεχομένου. Σκοπός της έρευνας είναι να εξετάσει την επίδραση της παιδαγωγικής της ενσυναίσθησης στα μαθησιακά επιτεύγματα των μαθητών και να ανιχνεύσει τις διαστάσεις που ενδυνάμωσαν μαθητές και εκπαιδευτικούς. Σύμφωνα με τα ευρήματα της έρευνας, η παιδαγωγική της ενσυναίσθησης είχε παρακινητική επίδραση στις ακαδημαϊκές επιδόσεις των ευπαθών μαθητών. Αναδύθηκαν τέσσερις παιδαγωγικές συνιστώσες της ενσυναίσθησης: γνωστική, συναισθηματική, επικοινωνιακή και κοινωνικο-πολιτισμική. Τέλος, η τηλεκπαίδευση, ομόχρονη και ετερόχρονη, πρόταξε την ελπίδα για μια ποιοτική και χωρίς αποκλεισμούς εκπαίδευση, προσδίδοντας βαρύνουσα σημασία στο βίωμα της παιδαγωγικής σχέσης στη νέα «κανονικότητα» μετά την πανδημία.
Aortic flow is abnormal in HFpEF
Authors: Mehmood Zia , Assadi Hosamadin , Li Rui , Kasmai Bahman , Matthews Gareth , Grafton-Clarke Ciaran , Sanz-Cepero Aureo , Zhao Xiaodan , Zhong Liang , Aung Nay , Skinner Kristian , Hadinnapola Charaka , Swoboda Peter , Swift Andrew J. , Vassiliou Vassilios S , Miller Christopher , van der Geest Rob J. , Peterson Steffen , Garg Pankaj
Published: December 2023

Aims Turbulent aortic flow makes the cardiovascular system less effective. It remains unknown if patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) have disturbed aortic flow. This study sought to investigate advanced markers of aortic flow disturbances in HFpEF. Methods This case-controlled observational study used two-dimensional phase-contrast cardiovascular magnetic resonance data at an orthogonal plane just above the sino-tubular junction. We recruited 10 young healthy controls (HCs), 10 old HCs and 23 patients with HFpEF. We analysed average systolic aortic flow displacement (FDsavg), systolic flow reversal ratio (sFRR) and pulse wave velocity (PWV). In a sub-group analysis, we compared old HCs versus age-gender-matched HFpEF (N=10). Results Differences were significant in mean age (P<0.001) among young HCs (22.9±3.5 years), old HCs (60.5±10.2 years) and HFpEF patients (73.7±9.7 years). FDsavg, sFRR and PWV varied significantly (P<0.001) in young HCs (8±4%, 2±2%, 4±2m/s), old HCs (16±5%, 7±6%, 11±8m/s), and HFpEF patients (23±10%, 11±10%, 8±3). No significant PWV differences existed between old HCs and HFpEF.HFpEF had significantly higher FDsavg versus old HCs (23±10% vs 16±5%, P<0.001). A FDsavg > 17.7% achieved 74% sensitivity, 70% specificity for differentiating them. sFRR was notably higher in HFpEF (11±10% vs 7±6%, P<0.001). A sFRR > 7.3% yielded 78% sensitivity, 70% specificity in differentiating these groups. In sub-group analysis, FDsavg remained distinctly elevated in HFpEF (22.4±9.7% vs 16±4.9%, P=0.029). FDsavg of >16% showed 100% sensitivity and 70% specificity (P=0.01). Similarly, sFRR remained significantly higher in HFpEF (11.3±9.5% vs 6.6±6.4%, P=0.007). A sFRR of >7.2% showed 100% sensitivity and 60% specificity (P<0.001). Conclusion Aortic flow haemodynamics namely FDsavg and sFRR are significantly affected in ageing and HFpEF patients.
Partnership Financing As a Promising Channel for Investment
Authors: Smirnov E.
Published: December 2023

Last summer, the Russian Parliament adopted Federal Law No. 417-FZ, which defined the basic principles and parameters of the experiment that began in the country to establish special legal regulation for the implementation of partner financing activities as a new and very promising investment channel.
Mathematical modeling in the management of fire protection systems of objects
Authors: Kochnov Oleg , Kochegarov Aleksey , Sazonova Svetlana
Published: December 2023

The problem of reliability of fire protection systems at the production stage and at the design stage is considered. Mathematical modeling of processes aimed at ensuring the safe evacuation of people in case of fire, taking into account the coefficient of compliance of the technical solution used in the methodology for calculating the amount of individual fire risk. The structural constructions of fire protection systems are analyzed with a demonstration of methods for assessing the reliability and structural significance of various structural constructions of fire protection systems on the basis and example of statistical data. To determine the coefficient of compliance of the fire alarm system, in the form of probabilities of effective operation of the fire alarm system, the following parameters are taken into account: the probability of effective operation of the fire alarm system, smoke protection system, and emergency warning system. The performance statistics of the SOUE for the period from 2013 to 2021 are graphically shown. It is shown that the resulting probability of effective operation of the SPS is determined by the structural design, and the corresponding formulas and examples are given. The dependences of the efficiency of the functioning of the SPZ on the efficiency of the SOUE for various structural arrangements have been constructed. Dependencies of the performance of the SDR were constructed based on statistical data. Analytical and graphical dependences of the reliability of the SOUE on the reliability of the SPS for various structural constructions are derived. Depending on the task being solved, the reliability (as well as efficiency) of the fire protection system can be controlled, while the reliability of the fire safety protection system can be determined depending on the required fire risk. Thus, one of the most important measures that minimizes individual risk should be considered to be increasing the efficiency of each of the subsystems included in the SDR, including the SOUE, as well as optimizing the structural design of the SDR.
FLEETWIDE INTERFACE FATIGUE LOAD PREDICTION OF AN OPERATIONAL OFFSHORE WIND FARM USING A SINGLE ACCELEROMETER AND SCADA DATA
Authors: SANTOS FRANCISCO DE N. , NOPPE NYMFA , WEIJTJENS WOUT , DEVRIENDT CHRISTOF
Published: December 2023

The operational life of offshore wind turbines is in part driven by the fatigue life of key structural components, such as the substructure. In recent years, fatigue life management of operational assets has become evermore important, as older farms are closing on their design lifetime and newer farms are designed with tighter margins. To support decisions on fatigue lifetime, it is advantageous to monitor the fatigue progression in these structures through SHM. However, a full instrumentation of every asset in a farm to assess the fatigue life of the substructure is considered economically infeasible. The drive for SHM in wind has been accompanied by the increased availability of intelligent data-driven methodologies which have attempted to provide the same information without the need for additional hardware. One such cost-effective approach, as described in [1], uses the available supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems, coupled with acceleration measurements to predict the fatigue life of an offshore wind turbine. The use of acceleration measurement data has been proven critical for capturing the complex dynamics of offshore wind turbines. In this contribution, we present the results of said data-driven approach using SCADA and Internet of Things (IoT) accelerometer installed at nacelle-level to monitor the fatigue life for the entirety of a real-world offshore wind farm comprised of 23 turbines, with a specific focus on long-term damage equivalent fatigue loads (DEL) estimation [2]. The availability of acceleration measurements for all locations in particular, is fundamental, as to cover all possible differences in natural frequencies between turbines would be nearly impossible if solely relying on wave and tidal data. To achieve this goal, a neural network architecture is used, enhanced by physics-informed learning focused on long-term estimation, trained and validated on so-called fleet-leader (three turbines instrumented with strain gauges, which provide the ground truth). In this study, we pay special attention to the farm-wide validation, cross-validation and extrapolation of these models as well as the performance for different operational conditions. Finally, this study is undertook for a real-world instrumentation setup, unparalleled in its scale, and can thus be indicative of future trends for SHM in offshore wind: farm-wide instrumentation and monitoring of structural health based on acceleration measurements, enabling a greater trustworthiness on reliability and durability estimation over the serviceable lifetime.
VIBRATION TRANSMISSIBILITY AS A METHOD OF DAMAGE DETECTION ON HORIZONTAL AXIS WIND TURBINE BLADES
Authors: HENDERSON RACHEL , SINCLAIR ANTHONY , AZHARI FAE
Published: December 2023

Structural health monitoring of horizontal axis wind turbine blades is challenging due to their large size and limited in-service accessibility. Given the harsh environment that wind turbines operate in, the blades are prone to damage throughout their working life. This paper examines the transmissibility of vibration response among embedded sensors over time as a method of damage characterization. After damage occurs, the sensors closest to the new defect will experience the highest change in transmissibility compared to baseline readings. The defect can therefore be identified and located with this method. When assessed at the natural frequencies of the blade, the response transmissibility between two sensors is independent of applied force and magnitude. This makes vibration transmissibility an ideal method for inspecting wind turbine blades that are subject to varying wind speed and direction. A blade was designed based on the NREL IEA Wind -15MW offshore reference wind turbine, with modifications made to fabricate a scaled 3D printed model for testing. The blade was outfitted with MEMs accelerometers to measure acceleration and fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) to measure strain. To test the transmissibility concept prior to experimental testing, a finite element model was developed to simulate acceleration and strain transmissibility on a damaged and undamaged blade with random force inputs. This model was able to demonstrate that a 5mm transverse crack was visible across the blade when examined at the natural frequencies.
SATELLITE INSAR TECHNOLOGY FOR DISPLACEMENTS MONITORING OF BRIDGES: A COMPARISON WITH ONSITE TOPOGRAPHIC MEASUREMENTS AND UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION
Authors: VALENTINI ANDREA , TONELLI DANIEL , ROCCA ALFREDO , LOTTI ALESSANDRO , ZORZI STEFANO , ZONTA DANIELE
Published: December 2023

Satellites equipped with Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) sensors can capture millimetre-scale displacement of the Earth's surface and man-made structures regardless of atmospheric conditions or lighting. Over the past two decades, Interferometric SAR (InSAR) has found many applications, including monitoring subsidence, volcanoes, and glaciers. While there have been some applications in civil engineering, a metrological validation of satellite technology for remote structural health monitoring (SHM) compared to traditional on-site SHM is lacking or inconclusive. This research aims to validate the use of satellite based InSAR technology for SHM of road bridges by directly comparing the time series of displacement extracted with InSAR on the Colle Isarco Viaduct, Italy, with those obtained by on-site topographic monitoring. This study also compares the deformed shape of a subpart of the bridge, which is modelled based on satellite and on-site measurements, to verify the possibility of reconstructing the bridge distortion over time based only on satellite data. The goal is to analyse this new technology's accuracy and reliability and identify its strengths and limitations. If deemed reliable, this technology could simultaneously monitor many civil infrastructures at a significantly lower cost than traditional site monitoring systems.
ON THE USE OF MODEL-BASED VERSUS DATA-BASED APPROACHES FOR VIRTUAL SENSING IN SHM
Authors: PAPATHEOU EVANGELOS , TATSIS KONSTANTINOS , AGATHOS KONSTANTINOS , HAYWOOD-ALEXANDER MARCUS , DERVILIS NIKOLAOS , WORDEN KEITH
Published: December 2023

Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) typically aims at producing methodologies for the periodic, and often online, assessment of structures. While there are different approaches to SHM, there is one common necessary element if applied in practice - data acquired from sensors. In an ideal scenario, sensors would be deployed anywhere on a structure of interest and could be added retrospectively, if not included in the original design. In practice, there are various limitations to the availability and installation of sensors, such as physical access and cost. Virtual sensing has thus been proposed as a solution to the problem of sensor availability and different approaches have been applied in various fields. This paper applies and compares two approaches for virtual sensing in structural dynamics: modal expansion which is model-based and Gaussian Process (GP) regression which is data-based. The approaches are demonstrated on data from a Piper PA-28 tailplane structure, which was tested with the help of a scanning-laser vibrometer under laboratory conditions.
INCORPORATING MODAL TESTING INTO DYNAMIC LOAD IDENTIFICATION FROM STRUCTURAL VIBRATION MEASUREMENT
Authors: ZENG YUANCHEN , NÚÑEZ ALFREDO , LI ZILI
Published: December 2023

Load identification from vibration measurements is usually cost-effective for obtaining dynamic loads on structures. Modal testing enables structural models to be validated or updated prior to being used for load identification. This paper proposes a methodology to make better use of modal test data for developing load identification methods. Modal test data are split into two datasets. One is used for model updating, and the other is used to validate load identification methods by inputting the measured vibration response and comparing the identified loads with the measured loads. Crossvalidation can be achieved by using different splitting of data. This paper demonstrates this methodology with a case study in which impact hammer tests are performed on a stiffly-connected assembly. The test data support the optimization-based updating of a simplified model and the validation of a proposed Newmark-β-based load identification method. The results show that different impact locations of the model updating dataset affect the identification accuracy of the load identification dataset. The Newmark-β- based method yields comparable performance to the traditional frequency-domain method, while it has the advantage of being implemented at each time step.
El inicio de la explotación del palo de tinte en Yucatán a cargo de Marcos de Ayala Trujeque, Siglo XVI
Authors: Villegas Pascale
Published: December 2023

Este trabajo se enfoca en el inicio de la explotación del palo de tinte, llamado palo de Campeche o 'Ek' en maya, que está atado en las fuentes documentales del siglo XVI a un conquistador de las huestes de Montejo. Su nombre Marcos de Ayala Trujeque, originario de Toledo, quien formaba parte de los primeros cuarentana y nueve avecindados de la villa de Valladolid en 1542 y que descubrió la manera de hacer tinte observando a sus encomendados.
Garantizando los derechos de las personas mayores en el mundo laboral: una respuesta a la brecha digital.
Authors: Pérez López José Iván
Published: December 2023

La denominada Cuarta Revolución Industrial ha traído consigo una disrupción tecnológica que ha afectado al Estado del Bienestar. Y, a pesar de sus beneficios, los rápidos avances que la caracterizan han dejado a algunos trabajadores incapaces de realizar tareas que requieren habilidades digitales. Por lo tanto, es crucial que las políticas públicas se enfoquen en la educación y formación de las personas trabajadoras para adaptarse a las demandas del nuevo mercado laboral. La brecha digital, especialmente en áreas STEM y competencias TIC, es evidente y afecta más a ciertos grupos, como el de las personas mayores y el de las mujeres. Esta brecha, resultado de la digitalización, necesita políticas específicas que aborden sus implicaciones sociales, especialmente en el ámbito laboral. A través del Plan de Recuperación, Transformación y Resiliencia se han impulsado políticas para un mercado laboral dinámico, resiliente e inclusivo, modernizando las estrategias públicas para poder adaptarnos a la nueva y compleja realidad laboral, social y tecnológica. Dichas propuestas se centran en varios ejes que incluyen nuevos objetivos en políticas activas de empleo por parte de los Estados miembros, destacando la atención a la brecha digital. Desde una perspectiva jurídica, se analizará el contenido de estos programas para contribuir al esclarecimiento y encaje normativo, armonizando con los valores y principios de los Estados miembros y el ordenamiento jurídico español.
Ekonomiczne podstawy funkcjonowania kościołów parafialnych w diecezji żmudzkiej (telszewskiej) w latach 1795-1844
Authors: Bulak Jan
Published: December 2023

Książka porusza szereg problemów związanych z materialną podstawą funkcjonowania Kościoła rzymskokatolickiego. Tematyka ta rzadko bywa podejmowana przez historyków, wymyka się bowiem ze sztywnych ram opisu dziejów, zawierając w sobie także elementy ekonomiii nauk ścisłych. Na kilkuset stronach udało się przedstawić sytuację materialną kościołów parafialnych w diecezji żmudzkiej w latach 1795-1844. Dzięki temu Czytelnik uzyskuje pełny obraz funkcjonowania gospodarek parafialnych w nowych, rosyjskich warunkach politycznych, u progu podporządkowania Kościoła państwu na terenie Ziem Zabranych.
Statutinis Teismas: Monografija
Authors: Deviatnikovaitė Ieva
Published: December 2023

THE STATUTORY COURT The Treaty of Versailles marked the end of the First World War. Articles 28 and 99 of this peace Treaty separated the Klaipėda Territory (here inafter aslo referred to as the Territory) from Germany and transferred it to the states that had signed the Klaipėda Territory Convention (hereinafter – the Convention). Article 2 of the Convention stipulated that the Klaipėda Territory would form a unit of Lithuanian sovereignty. Thus, after the Convention entered into force, the Territory became part of the state of Lithuania.
FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE E CIBERCULTURA: PERCURSOS LEGAIS E ATUAÇÃO PRÁTICA
Authors: Secretti Scheila Simone , Machado Juliana Brandão
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo discorre sobre o contexto educacional na contemporaneidade e as implicações das normativas legais da formação de professores e a docência na cibercultura.  Também  tratadas inovações tecnológicas e seus reflexos na educação, situando a relação entre o acesso à tecnologia digital e a formação do professor para o trabalho docente, sobretudo, de forma remota em período de pandemia. Para análise sobre o tema, utilizou-se a metodologia da pesquisa bibliográfica, reunindo informações importantes sobre o contexto educacional e as tecnologias.  A pesquisa traz reflexões sobre a problemática da formação de professores para o trabalho docente na cibercultura, explanando como têm acontecido o envolvimento das tecnologias digitais nos estudos, pesquisas e práticas docentes, de modo a proporcionar espaços de construção da fluência digital aos professores para o trabalho docente. O investimento na formação docente, o acesso à tecnologia e a valorização do trabalho do professor estão relacionados à qualidade do ensino.
TRABALHO DOCENTE E AS TDIC: CONSTATAÇÕES SOBRE O ENSINO REMOTO EMERGENCIAL EM INSTITUIÇÕES PÚBLICAS DE ASSENTAMENTO DE SC
Authors: Menegais Maciel Eduardo , De Oliveira Pereira Ana Maria
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo é parte da pesquisa de dissertação que tem como objetivo investigar os saberes dos professores de Língua Portuguesa, relativos ao uso das tecnologias digitais da informação e comunicação, e de que forma contribuíram e influenciaram para o desenvolvimento do ensino remoto emergencial em tempo de pandemia em instituições de ensino de assentamento de Santa Catarina. Especificadamente, apresenta discussões e reflexões acerca do processo de formação dos professores de Língua Portuguesa em relação às TDIC para desenvolver o trabalho docente durante as aulas e atividades remotas emergenciais nas instituições investigadas. Foram entrevistados professores de Língua Portuguesa que atuam nas instituições investigadas, localizadas em área de assentamento e que se integram as esferas municipal, estadual e federal, situadas num raio de aproximadamente 500 m². Coerente a uma base teórica e epistemológica freireana, dialoga com perspectivas libertadora e emancipatória e assume o materialismo histórico-dialético como método e concepção metodológica para tratamento do objeto. Sobre formação dos professores relativa às TDIC mostra fragilidades nesse aspecto, explicitando que os cursos não ofereceram sólida formação no que tange às TDIC no contexto educativo para desenvolver o ensino remoto emergencial, desenvolvidos em caráter técnicos, procedimentais, sem considerar que as tecnologias na educação vão além do caráter instrumental, mas devem possibilitar o processo criativo para o desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias. Ainda, é necessário que formações e saberes relativos às TDIC sejam pensados e incorporados às práticas docentes em íntima relação com o contexto educativo e pedagógico, pois não podem ser autoaplicáveis no campo educacional.
INVENTANDO HISTÓRIAS: ENTRE CÂMERAS, CONVERSAS E INVENÇÕES
Authors: Mineiro Martins Shenia , Clay Oliveira Gomes Cássios
Published: December 2023

A presente resenha é sobre o Programa de Entrevistas "Inventando Histórias", fruto do projeto de extensão Histórias para Educar, do EduStoryLab - Laboratório de Pesquisa em Histórias, Tecnologias e Educação na Cibercultura. Neste trabalho, mergulhamos nos fundamentos da contação de histórias digitais, apresentando uma resenha dos episódios do programa que compõem a temporada 1: Ficção, Memória e Experiência. Reservamos um espaço especial para o primeiro episódio em língua espanhola, intitulado “Viaje”. Enquanto a “Ficção” emerge como prática de imaginação e criação, a “Memória” é enaltecida como recurso essencial para narrativas contemporâneas. Já a “Experiência” nos convida a uma jornada que transita entre o individual e o coletivo. Ampliando esse panorama, Walter Kohan, no episódio “Viaje”, nos conduz a uma reflexão que transcende o deslocamento físico, abrindo caminhos para uma narrativa pedagógica que passa pela Pedagogia Menina da Pergunta. Em suma, esta resenha destaca um programa de entrevistas, que se inaugura como uma possibilidade de audiovisualização e popularização da ciência e pesquisas no campo educativo.
OS FENÔMENOS DA CIBERCULTURA E SUAS REDES DE DOCÊNCIA E APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: Dos Santos Rosemary , Maddalena Tania Lucía
Published: December 2023

O presente dossiê compila uma variedade de pesquisas, experiências e práticas pedagógicas derivadas de ambiências formacionais online, resultantes das mediações entre seres humanos e tecnologias digitais em rede. Composto por quinze artigos, três relatos de experiência e duas resenhas sob o título “Os Fenômenos da Cibercultura e suas Redes de Docência e Aprendizagem”, o dossiê proporciona uma representação significativa das investigações desenvolvidas por pesquisadores no âmbito da cibercultura e educação no Brasil.
Integrating ACPF and SWAT to Assess Potential Phosphorus Loading Reductions to Lake Erie: A Case Study
Authors: Yuan Yongping , Whisenant Samantha
Published: December 2023

Highlights

ACPF is a user-friendly, flexible tool used to spatially identify site-specific placement opportunities for a menu of ACPs.

ACPF can be integrated with SWAT to evaluate the potential effectiveness of proposed ACP opportunities.

40% reduction of TP can be achieved with a combination of ACP opportunities.

ACPs were less effective in reducing SRP, compared to sediment and TP.

Abstract. Lake Erie is threatened by eutrophication and harmful algal blooms due to excess nutrient loading from agricultural sources. To reduce nutrient loading to Lake Erie, widespread adoption of agricultural conservation practices (ACPs) has been proposed. However, identifying appropriate and effective locations for ACP placement has been challenging. Another challenge is understanding how effective the ACPs are in reducing nutrient loading and achieving water quality goals. Therefore, identifying the most effective ACPs, as well as spatially optimal placement of ACPs to achieve the maximum environmental benefit, is of paramount importance. The main objective of this study was to integrate the Agricultural Conservation Planning Framework (ACPF) with the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to assess the potential effectiveness of ACPs developed by ACPF in reducing phosphorous losses from an agriculturally dominated small watershed within the Western Lake Erie Basin. ACPF was used to develop a series of ACP opportunity plans, which were then integrated into a calibrated SWAT model. SWAT simulation of ACPF developed ACP opportunity plans for grassed waterways (GWs), contour buffer strips (CBSs), water and sediment control basins (WASCOBs), nutrient removal wetlands (NRWs), and farm ponds (FPs) revealed various reductions in sediment, soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), and total phosphorus (TP) at the watershed-scale. The simulation of individual ACP opportunity plans revealed that GW resulted in the greatest annual average SRP and TP reductions (19% and 30%, respectively), followed by CBS (16% and 22%), and WASCOB (13% and 16%); NRWs were the most effective at reducing sediment (56%) but increased SRP (27%). Combined GW, CBS, and WASCOB opportunity plans resulted in the greatest reduction of SRP (34%), while the combination of all ACP opportunity plans resulted in the greatest reduction of TP (49%) and sediment (78%). Keywords: ACPF, Agricultural Conservation Practice, Effectiveness, Lake Erie, Phosphorus reduction, Prediction, Spatial placement, SWAT modeling.
Analysis of brand portfolios of automotive concerns using the BCG matrix
Authors: Piątek Radosław Karol
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this article is to attempt to answer the question of whether an extensive brand portfolio of an automotive concern allows it to gain an advantage and a larger market share compared to a competitor with a simpler brand portfolio.
A research tool in the form of the Boston Consulting Group's BCG Matrix will be used as a research tool for the brand portfolios of the selected concerns and the determination of the companies' situation on the Polish market.
On the basis of the data obtained, it can be seen that the two brands of the Toyota Motor Corporation exceed with their market share, by as much as 4%, all the brands of the Stellantis concern. It is noteworthy that Toyota alone has a market share of as much as 15 per cent, dominating all other brands participating in the study. In general terms, it can be seen that the extensive brand portfolio currently does not represent a construct that allows a competitive advantage. The performance of the two TMC brands clearly deviates from the indications for the entire Stellantis portfolio.
The results presented have a practical dimension by indicating the strategic situation of individual brands as well as the portfolio of the concern as a whole. Visualisation using the BCG matrix allows deeper analysis and decision-making in relation to the group's brands. In the case of stakeholders, this analysis can be one of the determinants of purchasing or investment decisions.
Information support of e-learning: ukrainian challenges and cases during the war
Authors: Artyukhov Artem , Simakhova Anastasiia , Artyukhova Nadiia , Bojaruniec Marta , Wit Bogdan
Published: December 2023

Objectives

The work is devoted to the description of the e-learning environment as an element of the information system for ensuring the activities of the university. The relationship between the processes of building a digital economy and digitalization of the educational system is shown. During 2019-2022 there was a certain evolution from classroom learning, to distance learning synchronous and asynchronous learning. Based on bibliometric analysis, it is possible to formulate the purpose of the article: a description of a student-oriented university information system and an asynchronous e-learning system.

Material and methods

The information base for this study is based on scientific articles, monographs by Ukrainian and foreign authors and the authors' own empirical research. The main method of the study was bibliometric analysis using the VOSviewer software tool to analyze the relationships between different categories and build maps to visualize the interconnectedness between them in publications indexed by the Scopus database.

Results

The information system for organizing the educational activities of the university includes autonomous blocks, which at the same time are important links in the process of ensuring the quality of e-learning. The e-learning environment, including asynchronous, requires not only content creation, but also organizational and technical support for online, blended, or remote learning.

Conclusions

An effectively organized e-learning system will create an effective environment in which the goals of sustainable development will be achieved through the provision of quality education and the achievement of economic growth. The use of various types of distance learning can be useful for other countries under certain circumstances regarding movement restrictions.
Organizational practices shaping employees’ beliefs about digitalization
Authors: Panasiewicz Leszek
Published: December 2023

Cel pracy

Cel omówionych w artykule badań stanowiła identyfikacja praktyk organizacyjnych zdolnych do kształtowania w umysłach pracowników przekonań o zasadności podejmowania działań na rzecz cyfryzacji zatrudniających ich organizacji.

Materiał i metody

Podzielanie takich poglądów przez pracowników zwiększa szanse na ich zaangażowanie w tego typu aktywności. Badania przeprowadzono na zbiorze n = 763 odpowiedzi kwestionariuszowych. Praktyki organizacyjne wpływające na przekonania w zakresie cyfryzacji ustalono metodą regresji liniowej, wydobywając je ze zbioru badanych kwestionariuszem 39 zmiennych charakteryzujących sytuację organizacyjną.

Wyniki

Badania wskazały listę praktyk posiadających statystycznie istotną zdolność oddziaływania na poglądy i przekonania pracowników na temat cyfryzacji. Zbiory takich praktyk określono oddzielnie dla organizacji wdrażających cyfryzację skutecznie oraz nieskutecznie.

Wnioski

Na podstawie uzyskanych wyników sformułowano również ogólne zasady tworzenia sytuacji pracy zdolnej wzmacniać te poglądy i przekonania pracowników, które motywują ich do podejmowania zachowań wartościowych i pożądanych z perspektywy organizacji.