bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of Guanidinium-Carboxylate Interaction in Enzyme Inhibition with Implication for Drug Design
Authors: Muttathukattil Aswathy , Srinivasan Sriraksha , Halder Antarip , Reddy Govardhan
Published: July 2019

Guanidinium cation (Gdm+) interacts strongly with amino acids of different polarities modulating protein structure and function. Using density functional theory calculations and molecular dynamics simulations we studied the interaction of Gdm+ with carboxylate ions mimicking its interaction with acidic amino acids and explored its effect in enzymatic folding and activity. We show that in low concentrations, Gdm+ stabilizes carboxylate ion dimers by acting as a bridge between them thereby reducing the electrostatic repulsion. We further show that this carboxylate-Gdm+-carboxylate interaction can have an effect on the structure-activity relationship in enzymes with active sites containing two acidic residues. Using five enzymes (hen egg white lysozyme, T4 lysozyme, HIV-1 protease, pepsin and creatine kinase), which have two acidic amino acids in their active sites, we show that in low concentrations (< 0.5 M), Gdm+ strongly binds to the enzyme active site, thereby potentially inhibiting its activity without unfolding it. This can lead to misleading conclusions in experiments, which infer the extent of enzyme unfolding from activity measurements. However, the carboxylate-Gdm+-carboxylate specific interaction can be exploited in drug discovery as drugs based on guanidinium derivatives are already being used to treat various maladies related to muscle weakness, cancer, diabetes etc. Guanidinium derivatives can be designed as potential drug molecules to inhibit activity or functioning of enzymes, which have binding pockets with two acidic residues in close vicinity.
Chemically Accurate Excitation Energies With Small Basis Sets
Authors: Giner Emmanuel , Scemama Anthony , Toulouse Julien , Loos Pierre-Francois
Published: July 2019

By combining extrapolated selected configuration interaction (sCI) energies obtained with the CIPSI (Configuration Interaction using a Perturbative Selection made Iteratively) algorithm with the recently proposed short-range density-functional correction for basis-set incompleteness [Giner et al., J. Chem. Phys. 2018, 149, 194301], we show that one can get chemically accurate vertical and adiabatic excitation energies with, typically, augmented double-ζ basis sets. We illustrate the present approach on various types of excited states (valence, Rydberg, and double excitations) in several small organic molecules (methylene, water, ammonia, carbon dimer and ethylene). The present study clearly evidences that special care has to be taken with very diffuse excited states where the present correction does not catch the radial incompleteness of the one-electron basis set.
Prevalence of Dental Anxiety among Patients Visiting the Out Patient Department (OPD) of a Dental Institution in Panchkula, Haryana
Authors: Nishant Mehta  , Vikram Arora
Published: July 2019

INTRODUCTION: Anxiety is a common problem frequently experienced by patients undergoing dental procedures in every dental setting. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of dental anxiety among the patients visiting the Out Patient Department (OPD) of a Dental Institution in Panchkula, Haryana.MATERIALS & METHOD: A sample of 600 adults (Females =298, Males = 302) with age ranging from 21 years to 65 years were enrolled in the study. The Modified Dental Anxiety Scale was used to measure dental anxiety among the study population. Chi Square test and ANOVA was used to find significant comparisons between the different variables assessed in the study. Further, Spearman’s Correlation was used to analyse these variables with the mean anxiety scores of the patients.RESULTS: The prevalence of anxiety among patients was found to be high. Reportedly the level of anxiety was found more in females than in males. It was revealed that with advancing age and higher education level, there was a decrease in level of anxiety, postponement of the dental treatment had a direct effect on dental anxiety. Previous unfavourable dental experience has a high impact on dental anxiety scores.CONCLUSION: Evaluation of anxiety levels in the subjects of this study suggests that majority of them are anxious towards dental treatment. Dental anxiety is one of the major barrier in the utilization of dental services. There is a strict need of directing efforts towards alleviation of this hindrance to provide a good quality dental care to the needy population.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PENGUASAAN GRAMMAR PADA SHOULD FOR OBLIGATION DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN TEKNIK MAKE A MATCH PADA SISWA KELAS X SMA NEGERI 1 SEMARANG TAHUN AJARAN 2018/2019
Authors: Iswara Cintya Hadi , Handoyo Budi , Wiyaka Wiyaka
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan penguasaan grammar pada materi should for obligation dengan menggunakan teknik make a match pada siswa kelas X IPS 1 SMA Negeri 1 Semarang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 1 Semarang. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X IPS 1 SMA Negeri 1 Semarang yang berjumlah 36 siswa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Masing-masing siklus dilaksanakan dalam dua pertemuan. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan meliputi lembar observasi, lembar penilaian tes. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini mencakup proses tindakan kelas yang dilakukan secara kualitatif dan hasil analis tindakan yang berupa skor secara kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa skor rata-rata sebelum tindakan saat proses pembelajaran dalam materi should for obligation belum memenuhi KKM. Setelah diterapkannya teknik Make A Match, terjadi peningkatan proses pembelajaran dalam materi should for obligation. Hal tersebut ditunjukkan dengan meningkatnya skor grammar siswa dari sebelum tindakan dan sesudah tindakan. Peningkatan persentase skor sebelum tindakan adalah 5% dan setelah tindakan meningkat menjadi 88%. Dengan demikian, dengan menggunakan teknik Make A Match dapat meningkatkan penguasaan grammar pada siswa kelas X IPS 1 SMA Negeri 1 Semarang pada materi should for obligation.
MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS DESCRIPTIVE TEXT DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN TEKNIK ROUNDTABLE PADA SISWA KELAS X SMA N 2 SEMARANG TAHUN AJARAN 2018/2019
Authors: Amali Leila Nurul , Hapsari Fauziah Ratna , Senowarsito Senowarsito
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan ketrampilan siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 2 Semarang dalam menulis teks deskriptif menggunakan teknik Roundtable. Metode penelitian ini adalah penilitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 2 Semarang. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X MIPA 1 SMA Negeri 2 Semarang yang berjumlah 36 siswa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Masing-masing siklus dilaksanakan dalam satu pertemuan. Instrumen pada penelitian ini meliputi lembar observasi dan lembar penilaian tes tertulis. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini mencakup proses tindakan kelas yang dilakukan secara kualitatif dan hasil analis tindakan yang berupa skor secara kuantitatif. Lalu, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa persentase nilai hasil belajar pratindakan pada keterampilan menulis teks deskripsi masih rendah. Setelah diterapkannya teknik Roundtable di siklus I, terjadi peningkatan pada persentase hasil belajar siswa dalam menulis teks deskripsi tapi masih dalam kategori cukup. Kemudian, peneliti menerapkan teknik Roundtable di siklus II dengan menambah variasi pembelajaran dan terjadi kenaikan persentase hasil belajar siswa yang cukup tinggi. Hal ini dapat ditunjukkan dengan hasil persentase pratindakan 22% dan pada siklus I menjadi 50% sedangkan pada siklus II menjadi 92%. Dengan demikian, penggunaan teknik Roundtable dapat meningkatkan keterampilan menulis siswa dalam teks deskripsi pada siswa kelas X MIPA 1 SMA N 2 Semarang.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR PERKALIAN MELALUI MODEL PICTURE AND PICTURE PADA SISWA KELAS III SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI PETERONGAN KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Meiyanto Tri Setyo , Suwarsih Suwarsih
Published: July 2019

Latar belakang yang mendorong penelitian adalah rendahnya hasil belajar siswa kelas IIIB SDN Peterongan Semarang pada muatan pelajaran matematika. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah. 1) Bagaimana keterampilan mengajar guru dengan menggunakan model picture and picture pada materi perkalian? 2) Bagaimana peningkatan aktivitas siswa dalam pembelajaran perkalian dengan model picture and picture? 3) Apakah model Picture and Picture mampu meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa? Tujuan yang hendak dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar dalam pembelajaran matematika melalui penerapan model Picture and Picture pada siswa kelas IIIB SDN Peterongan, keterampilan mengajar guru, dan aktivitas siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Data yang dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini adalah data hasil belajar dan aktivitas siswa dalam pembelajaran, serta keterampilan mengajar guru. Instrumen pengumpulan data berupa soal tes evaluasi, lembar observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil analisis keterampilan mengajar guru pada siklus I diperoleh 82,81% dan pada siklus II diperoleh 90,63%. Untuk hasil analisis aktivitas siswa menunjukkan bahwa persentase secara klasikal pada siklus I diperoleh 65,63% dan pada siklus II diperoleh 84,38%. Sedangkan hasil analisis ketuntasan tes evaluasi hasil belajar klasikal siswa pada pra siklus 46,88%, pada siklus I diperoleh persentase 68,75%, dan pada siklus II diperoleh persentase 87,50%. Dari hasil penelitian tindakan kelas tersebut, maka dapat disimpilkan bahwa model Picture and Picture berhasil meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini saran yang dapat disampaikan adalah model Picture and Picture dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu alternatif guru dalam mengajar dan dikembangkan pada materi atau mata pelajaran lain.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENULIS SISWA DALAM TEKS DESKRIPTIF DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN TEKNIK MIND MAPPING DI KELAS SEPULUH SMA NEGERI 5 SEMARANG TAHUN AJARAN 2018/2019
Authors: Yuliani Nur Indah , Mastuti Henny , KA AB Prabowo
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan siswa kelas X MIPA 5 SMA Negeri 5 Semarang dalam menulis teks deskriptif menggunakan teknik Mind mapping. Metode penelitian ini adalah penilitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 5 Semarang. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X MIPA 5 SMA Negeri 5 Semarang yang berjumlah 32 siswa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Masing-masing siklus dilaksanakan dalam satu pertemuan. Instrumen pada penelitian ini meliputi kuesioner, lembar observasi, lembar penilaian tes tertulis, dan dokumentasi kegiatan. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini mencakup proses tindakan kelas yang dilakukan secara kualitatif dan hasil analis tindakan yang berupa skor secara kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa skor rata-rata pra siklus saat proses pembelajaran menulis teks deskriptif belum memenuhi KKM. Selain itu ketertarikan siswa terhadap kegiatan menulis teks deskriptif masih rendah karena hanya beberapa siswa yang antusias. Setelah diterapkannya teknik Mind Mapping, terjadi peningkatan proses pembelajaran menulis teks deskriptif. Hal tersebut ditunjukkan dengan meningkatnya ketertarikan siswa dan skor rata-rata hasil menulis teks deskriptif pada siklus I dan siklus II. Peningkatan skor rata-rata hasil menulis teks deskriptif pada pra siklus adalah 65, pada siklus I meningkat menjadi 77, dan pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 81. Dengan demikian, keterampilan menulis teks deskriptif pada siswa kelas X MIPA 5 SMA Negeri 5 Semarang telah mengalami peningkatan baik secara produk maupun secara proses setelah menggunakan teknik Mind Mapping.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENULIS SISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DESCRIPTIVE TEXT MENGGUNAKAN TEKNIK INSIDE OUTSIDE CIRCLE PADA KELAS X MIPA 8 SMA N 6 SEMARANG TAHUN AJARAN 2018/2019
Authors: Harisna Tyar , Suharno Suharno , Suwandi Suwandi
Published: July 2019

Di SMA N 6 Semarang siswa kelas X merasa kesulitan dalam menulis deskriptif teks. Hal ini disebabkan karena sedikitnya kosakata yang mereka miliki, serta kurangnya penguasaan tata bahasa atau grammar. Tujuan dari penenelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah benar atau tidak bahwa teknik Insode Outside Circle dapat meningkatkan keterampilan menulis descriptive text untuk kelas 10 MIPA 8 SMA N 6 Semarang yang terdiri dari 36 siswa. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam dua siklus dan setiap siklus terdiri dari dua pertemuan. Setiap siklus terdiri dari perencanaan, tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Instrument penelitian ini adalah lembar observasi dan tes. Metode analisis data pada penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif data dan kualitatif data. Data kualitatif diambil dengan melihat hasil dari observasi proses belajar mengajar dengan penerapan tindakan dan catatan hasil pembelajaran. Sementara itu, data kuantitaf diambil dari nilai hasil pre test dan post test siswa. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan siswa dalam kemampuan menulis deskriptif teks. Hal ini ditunjukkan bahwa banyak siswa yang memperoleh hasil yang bagus diakhir siklus. Untuk nilai minimal dalam Bahasa Inggris adalah 75. Peneliti menganalisis hasil tulisan siswa terkait isi teks, keruntutan ide, kosa kata, struktur penulisan dan tata cara penulisan. Dengan skor nilai rata-rata dalam siklus ke-1 adalah 70.27 dan rata-rata siklus ke-2 adalah 76.94. Berdasarkan nilai rata-rata dari siklus 1 dan siklus 2 menunjukkan bahwa siklus 2 lebih tinggi dari siklus 1. Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa adanya peningkatan pada kemampuan menulis siswa kelas X MIPA 8 SMA N Semarang setelah diajarkan dengan menggunakan teknik Inside Outside Circle. Hal ini menunjukkan teknik Inside Outside Circle dapat meningkatkan kemampuan menulis deskriptif siswa.
Emotivity as an element of the style category in poetry
Authors: Kolyadko Svetlana
Published: July 2019

Several approaches to the interpretation of emotion in poetic text are considered in the article — linguistic, traditional literary and emotive (from the point of modern interdisciplinary interpretation of the phenomenon of emotionality). The relevance of the study determines the belief that, without taking into account of achievements of linguistic emotion and traditional linguistics, the analysis of the stylistic individuality of the writer will be incomplete. Novelty of the study is the introduction concepts of poetic emotion and emotivity into the conceptual apparatus of the style of the text. The subject of study — the emotivity of a poetic text — is defined as a formal-stylistic index / factor of author’s individuality, expressed through the images of a work. The relation of emotional and rational in methods of author’s self-expression, coordination of pathos and emotions is considered. The methodology of the research is determined by an interdisciplinary approach, it is determined during the analysis that among the linguistic approaches the most effective for literary analysis is the method of in-depth study of the category of emotivity in the text, worked out by O. Filimonova. As a result of research an emotivity of the form and content components are interpreted as the interconnected stylistic means in recognition of the lyrical work. It is proved that the expressiveness and aesthetic origin of poetry as a kind of artistic creation predetermines the emotivity of all its components. The basis of the theory of the emotivity of a poetic work, which incorporates the concepts of traditional poetry and prosody, is the principle of revealing poetic emotion in the text in three planes: content, expression and image. Stylistic differentiation of emotive means is conditioned by the formal expression of them at all levels of language use — phonological, morphological, lexical-semantic, phraseological, syntactic levels of structural models of works. According to the results of studying various aspects of the author’s emotionality in the poetic text, it is planned to develop a literary theory of poetic emotion and its description in the historical perspective.
A journey as a strategy of gaining the knowledge of the Jewish world in fiction of the end of the 19th — first decades of the 20th century
Authors: Semeryn Khrystyna
Published: July 2019

The article analyzes imagological parameters of the Jewish ethnoimage presented through the dimension of travel in the fiction of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Due to the intensification of national imagology in the past decades, the study of the Others’s existence is an actual scholarly issue. The representation of Jewry is traced by the example of three texts of different aesthetics and genres with the commonality of travel discourse: Istoriia odniieii podorozhi [The Story of One Journey] (1890) by Ahatanhel Krymskyi, Modest Levytskyi’s Porozhnim hodom [In Vain] (1918) and Shchastia Peisakha Leidermana [The Happiness of Peisakh Leiderman] (1918), and Mike Yohansen’s essay Podorozh liudyny pid kepom (Ievreiski kolonii) [The Journey of a Man in a Cap (Jewish Colonies)] (1927). According to the paper, the geopoetic component, that is the movement in space, seems to be a way of cultural, identical transformation, a shift in the experience of the characters and the reader: moving “inside” of the Jewish culture and the Jewish world in real and symbolically, everyone cognizes better the other culture, and simulthaneously His own. In Krymskyi’s story, the journey of Itsko the Jew and Skalskis the Ukrainians is denoted by the imagological inversion of ethnostereotypes: the figures of Ukrainians are depicted in a negative mode, while a Jewish image is positive. This confirms the dynamics of gradual decline from the stereotypical interpretation of the Others by writers. In the end, we get the image of Jew built-in a realistic axiological paradigm, whose personal tragedy is tangled by social prejudices. The “Doctor's Stories” by Modest Levitskyi against the backdrop of heavy Jewish life appeal to the universal context of human suffering. Penetrating into the other culture, the protagonist gradually undergoes a personal transformation and recognizes the Others more deeply. Mike Yohansen’s alter ego’s observation of colonial Jews’ life in the Southern Ukrainian regions reveal the spiritual and social proximity of the Ukrainian and Jewish peoples, their comfortable coexistence in a common geographical, linguistic, and economic space. The research originality lies in the fact that valuable in the imagological light texts of Ahatanhel Krymskyi, Modest Levytskyi and Mike Yohansen are considered as representing the Jewish ethnoimage from the position of homo viator. The perspective of the development of the topic is multidimensional study of the Jewish ethno-form in the unexplored segments of the national literary space.
Modernist aesthetic-philosophical positions of S. Shumytskyi in the context of the sixtiers
Authors: Kryvenchuk Valentyna
Published: July 2019

The relevance of the study is due to the need to expand the circle of the Sixtiers- poets, demonstrating the manifestation of modernist aesthetics in the works of S. Shumitskyi as an organic part of the discourse of the sixtiers movements. Accordingly, the subject of the study is the intertextual links of the poetic works of this author with other representatives of the generation of the 1960s. The purpose of the study is to demonstrate the modernist aesthetic and philosophical search for the poetic heritage of the sixtiers S. Shumitskyi. Achieving the purpose is possible thanks to the methodology of intertextual analysis, which reveals the relationship between the texts, as many-sided discussions, as the process of creating text by sending text to art forms and genres, style codes, literary tradition, as the destruction or transformation of established poetic norms. As a result of the research, it is established that the work of S. Shumitskyi develops ideological and aesthetic features common to the sixtiers poets. The original features of his creative heritage are autoreflexivity, associativeness and musicality. As the nature of each poetic text is different, it causes the following: the very genesis of the text determines the complexity of the interconnections between the various texts, which, in turn, depend on the dominant sense of the additional functions of the auxiliary inclusions imagery. In S. Shumytskyi’s works, latent (not directly written) ideas dominate, therefore, they prompt the recipient to meditate. These very signs enable the creation of innumerable models of manifestation of the author's thinking. S. Shumitskyi’s intertextuality confirms his inclusion in the context of the sixtiers, in particular, references to the work of V. Simonenko are demonstrated. The frequency types of intertextuality are such types of intertextual links as intertextuality itself, paratextuality, metatextuality, hypertextuality, and intermedia. The intertextual links can load any element of the text: from the name to the tropes. The perspectives of the research is consist in the study of other sources of intertextual connections in the work of S. Shumitskyi, the clarification of his aesthetic guidelines and the determination of the optimal context for the evaluation of the auther’s work.
Model Taman Teknologi Berbasis Tanaman Energi Sebagai Instrumen Pengembangan Wilayah
Authors: Gunarto Anton
Published: July 2019

The objective of this research is to collect and analyze data for composing Agro Technology Park model based on energy crops as regional development instrument of Baron Technology Park. Data analysis method conducted by using planning framework approach or Gold (1980) supply analysis and data collecting through Focus Group Discussion. The concept of Baron Agro Technology Park is an integrated agricultural model which produce energy crop as raw material for biofuel, biodiesel and biogas. It can also be used as edu-agrotourism that provide knowledge/education on culture, post harvest, processing and utilization of energy crops. Agro Technology Park design based on energy crops agrotourism that suitable with culture technical requirement, function and aestethic value would give comfort, satisfaction and good impression from the tourists without damaging research and culture of energy crops.Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengumpulkan dan menganalisis data dalam rangka menyusun konsep model Taman Teknologi Agro berbasis agrowisata tanaman energi sebagai instrumen pengembangan wilayah Taman Teknologi Baron. Metode analisis data melalui pendekatan kerangka kerja perencanaan atau analisis suplai Gold (1980) dan pengumpulan data melalui diskusi kelompok terarah. Konsep Taman Teknologi Agro Baron merupakan suatu tempat mengembangkan model pertanian terpadu yang menghasilkan tanaman energi sebagai sumber bahan baku nabati penghasil biofuel, biodiesel dan biogas, sekaligus dijadikan sebagai agrowisata edukatif yang dapat memberikan pengetahuan/edukasi kepada masyarakat tentang kegiatan budidaya, pasca panen, pengolahan produk serta profil tanaman energi dan pemanfaatannya. Penataan ATP berbasis agrowisata tanaman energi yang sesuai persyaratan teknis budidaya, fungsi dan nilai estetika, akan memberikan kemudahan, kenyamanan, kepuasan dan kesan positif bagi rekreasi pengunjung, tanpa harus mengganggu riset dan budidaya juga merusak tanaman energinya.Keywords: Renewable Energy, Agro Techno Park, Energy Crops agro tourism.
Kargı Kamışı (Arundo donax L.)’nda Tuz Stresinin Morfolojik ve Fizyolojik Özelliklere Etkisi
Authors: KUSVURAN Alpaslan , KUŞVURAN Şebnem , NAZLI Recep İrfan , TANSI Veyis
Published: July 2019

Tuzluluk,
dünyada sulanabilir tarım alanlarının %20’den fazlasında görülen ve özellikle
kurak-yarı kurak tarım alanlarını tehdit eden önemli bir abiyotik stres
faktörüdür. Bu çalışmada, 0-kontrol, 50, 100, 150, 200 ve 250 mM NaCl tuz
yoğunluklarının kargı kamışı (Arundo
donax L.)’na etkileri incelenmiştir. Sulamaya öncelikle 50 mM tuz
konsantrasyonu ile başlanarak son doz olan 250 mM’a ulaşılmıştır. Kargı
kamışının stres karşısında gösterdiği tepkiler bitkinin erken gelişim döneminde
gözlemlenmiştir. Araştırmada, yaprak zararlanma indeksi, bitki yaş ve kuru
ağırlığı, kök yaş ve kuru ağırlığı, yaprak sayısı ve alanı, bitki boyu, sap
kalınlığı, yaprak su potansiyel içeriği, klorofil değeri ile sodyum (Na),
potasyum (K) ve kalsiyum (Ca) içerikleri belirlenmiştir. Kargı kamışı farklı
tuz konsantrasyonlarına karşı tolerans bakımından geniş bir varyasyon
göstermiştir. Artan tuz konsantrasyonları ile birlikte bitkide morfolojik
özellikler bakımından gerilemeler olmuş, bu etki özellikle 100 mM tuz
konsantrasyonu ile etkisini göstermiş ve en düşük değerler 250 mM dozunda elde
edilmiştir. En yüksek yaprak zararlanma indeksi (0-5 skalası) değerleri 250 mM
konsantrasyonunda elde edilmiştir. Kontrol gruplarına göre yaprak yaş ve kuru
ağırlıklarında sırasıyla %27 ve %60, kök yaş ve kuru ağırlıklarında ise %13 ve
%77 oranında azalmalar tespit edilmiştir. Yaprak oransal su içeriği kontrol
bitkilerinde %85 olarak saptanırken, bu değer 250 mM konsantrasyonunda %52.5
olarak belirlenmiştir. Artan tuz stresine bağlı olarak klorofil içerikleri ile
potasyum (K) ve kalsiyum (Ca) iyonlarında azalmalar görülürken, sodyum (Na)
iyonlarında ise artış meydana gelmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlara
göre, yüksek tuzluluk bitki büyüme ve gelişmesini olumsuz yönde etkilemiş, 150
mM NaCl konsantrasyonunun bitki gelişimi üzerinde kritik doz olduğu sonucuna
varılmıştır.
Çilek Yapraklarının Antioksidan Enzim Aktiviteleri Üzerine Farklı Hormon Uygulamalarının Etkisi
Authors: GÜNDOĞDU Müttalip , KURU BERK Selma , GEÇER Mustafa Kenan , KIPÇAK Selma , ÇAKMAKCI Özlem
Published: July 2019

Bu
çalışma, 5 farklı çilek çeşidinde (Albion, Aromas, Honeoye, Seascape, Sweet
Ann) dışardan metil jasmonat (MeJA) ve gibberalik asit (GA3) uygulamasının
antioksidan enzim aktiviteleri üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla
yapılmıştır. 50ppm ve 100ppm dozlarında GA3 ve 0.25, 0.50 ve 1.00 mM
dozlarında MeJA uygulaması yapraktan uygulanmıştır. Alınan yaprak örneklerinde
katalaz (KAT), süperoksidaz dismutaz (SOD) ve malondialdehit (MDA) miktarları
okunmuştur. Sweet Ann çeşidi en yüksek KAT ve SOD aktivitesine sahipken,
Honeoye çeşidi en düşük değerlere sahip olmuştur. CAT aktivitesi Seascape ve
Aromas çeşitlerinde azalma göstermiş diğer çeşitlerde uygulama ve doza bağlı
olarak değişkenlik görülmüştür. SOD miktarı Albion ve Seascape çeşitlerinde her
uygulama ile artış kaydetmiştir. KAT ve SOD aktivitesinin aksine, MDA
konsantrasyonu en fazla Honeoye çeşidinde, en düşük Sweet Ann çeşidinde
belirlenmiştir. Yapılan araştırmada, GA3 ve MeJa uygulamaları çilek
çeşitlerine ve uygulanma dozlarına bağlı olarak yaprakların enzim ve MDA
içeriklerini etkilediği saptanmıştır.
Water Use Efficiency and Water Production Function of Corn under Full and Deficit Irrigation in a Cold Semi-arid Environment
Authors: BAHRAMLOO Reza , NASSERI Abolfazl
Published: July 2019

In this study, corn (Zea mays L.) yields
measured in the fields during eight years from 2005-2006 to 2012-2013 were compared with those simulated by the Agro-ecological Zone
method under cold semi-arid environment. The potential yield (Ym) of corn was 10 430 kg ha-1
with a net water for irrigation of 6 180 m3 ha-1. Water-production
function for corn was acquired with application efficiency scenarios from 100%
to 40%. To produce a potential yield of corn, irrigation water
requirement was 6 180, 6 867, 7 725, 8 829, 10 300, 12 360, 15 450 m3
ha-1 under water application efficiency of 100, 90, 80, 70, 60, 50
and 40%, respectively. Results showed that measured yield
ranged from 5 784 to 7 026 kg ha-1 per ha with an average of 6 404
kg ha-1. Water applied to produce corn averaged 10 567 m3
ha-1. The water use efficiency (WUE) averaged 0.61 kg m-3 during
eight years and water application efficiency was 51.2% in corn farms. It is
suggested that deficit irrigation could be applied to enhance water use
efficiency in corn production under cold semi-arid environment.
Effects of Different Sowing Times and Phosphorus Application on Yield and Quality of Camelina (Camelina sativa L. Crantz)
Authors: TUNÇTÜRK Rüveyde , KULAZ Haluk , TUNCTURK Murat
Published: July 2019

This
study was carried out for determination effects of sowing time and phosphorus
applications on several yield and quality components of Camelina sativa (L.)
Crantz during 2014-2015 years in Van/Turkey ecological conditions. The
factorial experiment was designed based on split plot with two factors
including (A) sowing
times (7-10 April, 22-25 April and 7-10 May) and (B)
phosphorus fertilization (0, 40 and 80 kg ha-1 P2O5)
in three replicates. Several yield and quality parameters such as plant height, first capsule height, number of branches, number of capsules, number of seeds in each capsule, thousand
seed weight, seed yield, oil
content as well as  yield were measured. Results showed that sowing times had significant
effects on all parameters except for seed numbers per capsule and oil contents
(P<0.05). The most values for first capsule height (28.86 cm) and thousand
seeds weight (0.94 gr) observed at 7-10 April sowing time, while the highest
amounts of number of branches (12.48 branch plant-1), number of
capsule (130.33 capsule plant-1), seed yield (1128.6 kg ha-1)
and oil yield (328.0 kg ha-1) were obtained at 22-25
April and 7-10 May. On
the other hand, the effects of phosphorus application was statistically
significant (P<0.05) on first capsule height, number of
branches, number of capsules and thousand seeds
weight. The most value for first
capsule height (28.56 cm) was determined using 40 kg ha-1 P2O5
application, while the highest number of branches (12.41 branch plant-1), number of capsules (142.85 capsule
plant-1) andthousand seeds weight (0.95 gr) were observed by using 80 kg
ha-1 P2O5.
Systemic Factors Explain Differences in Low and High Frequency Shelter Use for Victims of Interpersonal Violence
Authors: Williams Nicole , Milaney Katrina J. , Dutton Daniel , Thurston Wilfreda E.
Published: July 2019

Intimate partner violence is detrimental to women and children’s health and social outcomes. In order to identify the complex factors that shape help-seeking behaviour and what places women at highest risk of recurrence of violence and shelter use, it is critical to examine how individual and systemic factors influence shelter use. The Healing Journey Project was a longitudinal study conducted across Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba to identify the experiences of women who were victims of intimate partner violence. A total of 665 women who had previously experienced IPV were interviewed biannually over a four-year period. Descriptive statistics informed probit regressions that then identified several factors that differentiate single frequency shelter users from high frequency users. The results emphasize the importance of using intersectionality theory to recognize the interplay of multiple factors to showcase the complexity of IPV and how it affects shelter use. The results also emphasize how colonialism’s lasting effects are pervasive, alongside the impacts of poverty, intergenerational abuse and structural barriers to housing and childcare. Implications require changes to policy and government funding to enhance access to gender and culturally safe housing with trauma-informed supports to both intervene and potentially prevent multiple experiences of violence.
Slacktivism: Not Simply a Means to an End, but a Legitimate Form of Civic Participation
Authors: Piat Chantal
Published: July 2019

This paper explores the many forms of online activism, also known as “slacktivism,” such as making small charitable donations, changing a social media profile picture, and using technological knowledge to hack websites.  The effectiveness of slacktivism is investigated based on prior research in the field, as the nuances of activism, politics, and effectiveness itself are deconstructed.  An argument is posed that any form of activism, whether it is performed online or offline, is valuable and legitimate regardless of its size or reach. It is known that small online acts of participation are strongly correlated with grander offline acts of participation. While it is important to acknowledge the value of offline activism such as participating in a protest or boycott, acts of slacktivism also have an inherent value in and of themselves.  Slacktivism should not be written off as an ineffective “feel-good” tool that young people utilize, but rather as a legitimate form of social and political action.
Drywall Waste Blocks: A Novel Masonry Material Utilizing Recycled Construction & Demolition Waste
Authors: Drake David , Ramadhan Fadil Zaky , Sze Ping Fai , Miyasaka Taiji
Published: July 2019

This paper describes patent-pending mixtures and methods for producing masonry blocks using gypsum drywall waste and preliminary investigation of Drywall Waste Block (DWB) engineering properties. Recycling waste from building construction and demolition (C&D) provides many environmental and economic benefits. However, challenges remain for recycling certain low-value C&D materials, such as gypsum drywall waste, and there are few uses for drywall waste from demolition, which constitutes the majority of the drywall waste stream. Recycling drywall waste is desirable as this waste produces noxious hydrogen sulphide gas in landfill conditions, resulting in bans on landfilled drywall waste in some localities. Investigation of compressive strength, water absorption, and thermal performance of DWB specimens is described, and results are compared to specifications for concrete masonry units (CMU), and other comparable masonry blocks. Technical gaps for DWB to be recognized as a CMU alternative are also discussed.
Case Study: Off-site manufacturing of EIFS Panelized Wall Assemblies to Gain Efficiency in Construction Sequencing
Authors: Root Scott P. , Cribbs John , Chasey Allan D.
Published: July 2019

This paper examines the process of constructing modular EIFS (exterior insulation and finish system) panelized wall assemblies in a manufacturing environment. The research observed the preparation required, manufacturing procedures applied, measured task times at dedicated work stations and identified bottlenecks that factor into the comprehensive approach to planning and building the exterior envelope off-site. The paper summarizes the results of 70,000 SF of EIFS panels manufactured over 70 days in a 110,000 SF facility located in Tempe, AZ. The benefits (quality control, safety, labour efficiency) and challenges (transportation, hoisting, and cost) in relationship to the traditional construction requirements for in-place EIFS systems is also analysed in this paper.
Cross-Laminated Timber Shear Walls in Balloon Construction: Seismic Performance of Steel Connections
Authors: Daneshvar Hossein , Niederwestberg Jan , Dickof Carla , Letarte Jean-Philippe , Chui Ying Hei
Published: July 2019

In the context of the global trend of designing sustainable structures, the attention towards high-rise timber buildings of 8 to 25 storeys has been increasing in recent years. Balloon construction technique using a relatively new heavy timber material, cross-laminated timber (CLT), has been shown to be promising for high-rise building applications, given its compatibility with off-site construction techniques and its desirable mechanical characteristics. To date, tall timber buildings using CLT have been built mainly in non-seismic or low-seismic locations around the world, whereas their application in high seismic regions has been limited to platform construction. More research on the behaviour of CLT structures during seismic events in terms of system behaviour as well as the behaviour of components, particularly connections, is required. The research presented in this paper seeks to initiate the process of seismic design of tall wood buildings using a balloon construction technique. Two buildings, one three-storey fictitious building and one to-be-constructed ten-storey building, both located on the west coast of Canada, were considered and designed based on the NBCC 2015 seismic provisions. The loads on the shear walls, which span over three storeys, were extracted in order to estimate realistic demands on lateral load resisting systems (LLRS) in the balloon construction. Different connections, including base shear connections, panel-to-panel shear connections, as well as high-capacity hold-downs, were designed accordingly. An experimental program was developed to investigate the behaviour of these connections, focusing on yielding and failure mechanisms in each connection category. This paper explains different phases of the experimental program and introduces connection details designed to achieve the research goals. The results of this study will contribute to the body of knowledge on seismic behaviour of prefabricated mass timber buildings, and will benefit engineers and practitioners using timber to design high-rise structures.
Disproportionate Collapse Mitigation in Tall Mass Timber Buildings
Authors: Daneshvar Hossein , Chui Ying Hei
Published: July 2019

Tall buildings are a unique type of structure with their own characteristic behaviour. They are most often occupied by a large number of people; therefore, their damage, loss of functionality, or, in worst case scenario, collapse will lead to catastrophic consequences. There are methodologies intended to provide structural integrity or increase structural robustness in tall buildings, thereby making structures resistant to disproportionate collapse, which is characterized by a cascading progression of damage that is not proportionate to the initial failure. Tall buildings are commonly constructed with steel and concrete. As a result, most of the attempts at providing structural integrity are dedicated to mitigating the effect of disproportionate collapse in the steel and concrete members, connections, and their systems. On the other hand, with rising demand for new sustainable buildings in urban areas, tall mass timber buildings have attracted increased attention nationally and internationally. Ease of modularization and offsite construction is one of the greatest advantages of using mass timber in tall building construction in the congested urban areas of major cities. A major challenge facing the engineering community is the lack of research studies regarding the structural robustness required to mitigate the potential of disproportionate collapse. The current study seeks to begin the process of understanding the behaviour of mass timber components and assemblages, and make recommendations regarding their performance and possible means to mitigate the occurrence of disproportionate collapse. These recommendations would lead to safer structural performance in the event of localized damage that has the potential to spread to a disproportionately large part of the structure.
Effect of Loading Speed on the Mechanical Properties of Nail Joints
Authors: Derakshan Shervin Shameli , Zhou Lina , Ni Chun
Published: July 2019

Wood shear walls are the main lateral load resisting systems in light wood frame buildings to resist the wind and seismic loads. Sheathing to lumber nail connections are regarded as the key components that control the resistance and failure modes of wood shear walls. Considerable experimental tests have been conducted on performance of nail joints or wood shear walls under both static and reversed cyclic loads. However, these tests were usually conducted under different loading speed causing specimen failure in 1 min to an hour. It is unclear how the loading speed will affect the test results of nail joints or wood shear walls. Research on these topics is limited. This paper aims to evaluate the effect of loading speed on the mechanical characteristics of nail joints. 72 specimens have been tested under various loading speeds, ranging from 0.05 mm/s to 0.5 mm/s for monotonic tests and 1.5 mm/s to 15 mm/s for reversed cyclic tests. The range of loading speed was selected based on the total estimated loading time that both monotonic and reversed cyclic tests fail within around 1 min to 10 min. Two groups of nail joints, comprising two common nail sizes and two sheathing thicknesses, were assessed under both monotonic and reversed cyclic loads. From the test results, the effect of loading speed on the mechanical properties of nail joints was determined.
Investigating Stakeholders' Perceptions of Feasibility and Implications of Modular Construction-Based Post-Disaster Reconstruction
Authors: Ghannad Pedram , Lee Yong-Cheol , Choi Jin Ouk
Published: July 2019

Natural Disasters cause major adverse social and financial effects by destroying homes and infrastructures. For example, Hurricane Katrina in August 2005 damaged over 214,700 homes in New Orleans and forced over 800,000 citizens to live outside of their homes due to flooding. Thus, these disasters require a quick and efficient response to post-disaster housing issues and provide resources for temporary houses for short-term disaster relief and reconstruction of destroyed and damaged housing for full rehabilitation. Reconstruction of permanent housing for disaster victims is one of the most time-consuming activities in the post-disaster recovery process. However, time is a critical factor which should be minimized for the restoration of affected communities. Modularized construction is a promising solution for improving the process of post-disaster housing reconstruction because of its inherent characteristic of time-efficiency. This paper aimed to evaluate prefabricated modular construction potentials as an approach that can facilitate the design and construction phase of post-disaster reconstruction. An extensive literature review has been carried out to identify the features of modularized construction which can add value to the post-disaster recovery process. To investigate the suitability and feasibility of implementing modular construction for post-disaster reconstruction and also identify major barriers of its implementation, a survey has been conducted in 2018 among AEC experts who were experienced in the prefabricated construction industry and/or involved in post-disaster reconstruction projects. The results of the study indicate that prefabricated modular construction is a promising approach to improve time-efficiency of post-disaster reconstruction and tackle challenges of current practices by its unique benefits such as reduced demand for on-site labor (overcome local labor pool constraints impacted by the disaster) and resources (overcome shortage of equipment and materials), shorter schedule (due to concurrent & non-seasonal), reduced site congestion, and improved labor productivity (due to assembly line-like and controlled environment).
Case Study: Program Management of Volume Modules
Authors: Starzyk Gregory F.
Published: July 2019

Volume module systems in the refining and petrochemical industries are large, multi-level systems that are fabricated offsite and stacked onsite, with integral piping and wiring interconnections. This is a case study in a program management system that was introduced for a particular volume module system. Modular design and fabrication suffer from inherent shortcomings: it is neither cheap nor fast nor does it result in any meaningful increase in quality. Lessons learned reveal cheaper, faster and better methods that overcome the inherent shortcomings of modular design and construction. These lessons can inform current trends in modular design and fabrication in the USA and Canada.
Logistics Planning and Visualization of Modular Integrated Construction Projects Based on BIM-GIS Integration and Vehicle Routing Algorithm
Authors: Niu Sanyuan , Yang Yi , Pan Wei
Published: July 2019

Logistics planning is a critical part of developing supply chain for modular integrated construction (MiC) projects in Hong Kong where high-rise, high density and hilly landscape is the norm. It is important to minimize the total logistics and to guarantee timely delivery of modules, especially for several MiC projects being constructed during the same period. Nevertheless, there is a significant lack of studies on logistics planning, optimization and visualization for MiC projects. The aim of this paper is to establish an integrated MiC logistics planning and visualization platform, which is grounded on the integration of building information modeling (BIM), geographical information system (GIS) and vehicle routing problem (VRP) algorithm. The framework is then presented and evaluated using a case study to identify optimal logistics scenario of trailer routes to meet the installation time window of MiC projects in Hong Kong. The paper finds that the proposed platform has the ability to make optimized logistics scenario for MiC projects, and to visualize the logistics scenario in a 3-dimentional interactive environment. Future study will focus on adopting flexible control strategies and including more decision-making criteria of logistics planning in MiC projects such as road width limitation, travel speed and different module types
Structural Design and Modelling Method for the Post-tensioned CLT Shear Wall Structures
Authors: He Minjuan , Sun Xiaofeng , Li Zheng
Published: July 2019

This paper presents the direct displacement-based design (DDD) procedure, structural modelling method, and structural performance calibration for post-tensioned CLT shear wall structures (PT-CLTstrs). Numerical models of the post-tensioned (PT) CLT shear walls were developed and calibrated with the experimental results. Based on the developed shear wall models, parametric analysis were conducted to investigate the lateral performance influencing factors. Then, a DDD procedure was developed and demonstrated by the design examples of a set of 8-, 12-, and 16-storey PT-CLTStrs. The corresponding simplified structural models were developed, and then a series of pushover and time-history dynamic analysis were conducted to calibrate the calculated structural performance objectives with the design targets of the DDD procedure. Finally, the empirical cumulative distribution functions (CDFs) of the maximum inter-storey drift (MaxISDR) were constructed. It is found that when the width of the PT CLT shear walls increases from 1.8 m to 3.0 m, the base shear at the drift of 2.0 % increases by twice accordingly. When the diameter of the PT strand increases from 15.2 mm to 34.6 mm, the base shear at the drift of 2.0 % increases by up to five times. Additionally, the MaxISDR limitation of the PT-CLTStrs is recommended as 2.2 % under the collapse prevention (CP) hazard level. The study results can serve as guidelines for the development of engineering design methods for the PT-CLTStrs.