bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Political, Economic Aspects and Prospects of Tajikistan's Integration Policy
Authors: Khadyrov Ravshan Yunusovich
Published: March 2023

The article reveals the debatable topic of analyzing the balance of political, economic costs and benefits when choosing a responsible integration decision on Tajikistan's entry into the Eurasian Economic Union. The official positions of the government, expert opinions of supporters, skeptics and opponents of the country's participation in the economic union are considered. The argumentation about the adoption by the leadership of Tajikistan of a responsible political decision ensuring further socio-economic modernization of the country as part of the Eurasian Economic Union is substantiated. On May 29, 2014, the Presidents of Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan signed an agreement on the establishment of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), Armenia joined the EAEU on January 2, 2015, and Kyrgyzstan on May 8. It seemed obvious that in the political and economic elites of the Republic of Tajikistan, the understanding of long-term economic and political benefits will prevail, their predominance over short-term risks of reducing customs and tax revenues, and the country will become the next member of this integration union. However, the leadership of the Republic of Tatarstan did not take the initiative to join the EAEU. For 8 years, the possible membership of the Republic of Tajikistan in the EAEU has been actively discussed in the scientific, expert community and the media, but the government structures of the Republic of Tajikistan have actually stopped in the integration movement, justifying this by the need for a deeper consideration of national interests, a detailed calculation of benefits and risks when joining the economic union. Let's agree that the analysis of the balance of political and economic benefits and costs is really necessary for making strategic development decisions.
The use of mediation techniques in conflict resolution during election campaigns
Authors: Ivanov Oleg
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the prospects of using mediation techniques in the settlement of electoral conflicts. It is well known that electoral conflicts are among the most intense and rapidly developing due to the fact that election campaigns are a time-limited process. With that said, mediation, as a relatively new technology for the Russian socio-political reality, seems to be one of the most promising techniques for resolving such conflicts, since it combines mobility, focus on positive results, constructiveness and maximum flexibility, allows you to formulate and take into account the current and rapidly changing interests of the parties in the political process. The article has a pronounced practical orientation and takes into account, among other things, the existing practical experience of using mediation in the settlement of designated conflicts.   The scientific novelty of the article consists in an attempt to assess the prospects of using mediation techniques directly in the settlement of electoral conflicts. Electoral conflicts in themselves are a promising topic for research, since their occurrence is inevitable in any political system that provides at least only partially competitive elections. At the same time, due to the specifics of such conflicts, it is not possible to achieve even partial settlement by existing (predominantly legal) mechanisms, since such mechanisms are aimed only at assessing the formal circumstances of what is happening, are rather cumbersome and cannot always be applied due, for example, to the limited time of the election campaign (and even more so – voting). In this paper, an attempt is made to analyze the potential of mediation in this direction.
CORNELIA JOHANNA SCHUMANN NÉE DE WAAL 8 JANUARIE 1941 ‒ 16 MAART 2022
Authors: Kritzinger Koos
Published: March 2023

Corrie Schumann is gebore in Pretoria en matrikuleer aan die Afrikaanse Hoër Meisieskool Pretoria. Sy ontvang haar verdere opleiding aan die Universiteit van Stellenbosch en verwerf die BA-graad en SOD met Latyn en Afrikaans as hoofvakke. Sy het reeds as student haar besondere leierskapsvermoë getoon toe sy as primaria van haar koshuis, Huis Monica, gedien het.
Mulheres dos cabelos brancos: cartografias do cuidado de si no mundo do samba
Authors: Castro Adriana Miranda de
Published: March 2023

2ª lugar do 8º Prêmio ABEU, 2022 – Categoria: Ciências humanas. Aborda o encontro entre os discursos e práticas sobre a saúde e o envelhecimento oriundos da biomedicina, da epidemiologia e da promoção da saúde com a experiência que constitui uma “tia” no mundo do samba. Com esse intuito, apresenta e analisa vivências das mulheres integrantes da Ala dos Cabelos Brancos, do Grêmio Recreativo Escola de Samba Império Serrano, e de compositores e sambistas que integram esse universo cultural, além de dialogar com autores de diversos campos do pensamento. A partir desses depoimentos, a autora investiga como as senhoras do samba lidam com as representações e conceitos de vida saudável, e se elas demonstram algum tipo de resistência à medicalização da vida, entre outros aspectos. O conteúdo constrói um viés crítico sobre a produção e circulação de discursos e práticas ligados à medicalização da vida e sua promessa de saúde e longevidade calcada na adoção de um modo de viver baseado na hiperprevenção.
DIACRITIC-AWARE YORÙBÁ SPELL CHECKER
Authors: Asahiah Franklin Oladiipo , Onifade Mary Taiwo , Adegunlehin Abayomi Emmanuel , Asahiah Adekemisola Olufunmilayo , Amoo Adekemi Olawunmi
Published: March 2023

Spell checking and correction is still in infancy for Yorùbá language, and existing tools cannot be applied directly to address the problem because Yorùbá language requires extensive use of diacritics for marking phonemes and tone. We addressed this problem by collecting data from on-line sources and from optical character recognition of hard copy of books. The features relevant to spell checking and correction in this language that marks tones (and underdot) were identified through the review of existing spell checking solutions, analysis of the data collected and consultation with relevant Yorùbá Linguistics textbooks. A conceptual model was formulated as a parallel combination of a unigram language model and a language diacritic model to form a dictionary sub-model that is used by Error Detection and Candidate Generation modules. The candidate generation module was implemented as an inverse Levensthein edit-distance algorithm.

The system was evaluated using Detection Accuracy (calculated from Precision and Recall) and Suggestion Accuracy (SA) as metrics.Our experimental setups compared the performance of the component subsystems when used alone with the their combination into a unified model. The detection accuracies for each of the models were 93.23%, 94.10% and 95.01% respectively while their suggestion accuracies were 26.94%, 72.10% and 65.89% respectively. In relation to the size of training corpus, the unified model was able to achieve a increase of 1.83% in detection accuracy and 5.27% in suggestion accuracy for 70% increase in size of corpus. The results indicated that each of the sub-models in the dictionary played different roles while the increase in training data does not give a linear proportional increase in performance of the spell checker. The study also showed that spell checking a Yorùbá text was better when attention is paid to the diacritical aspect of the language
A NOTE ON HARDNESS OF MULTIPROCESSOR SCHEDULING WITH SCHEDULING SOLUTION SPACE TREE
Authors: Dwibedy Debasis , Mohanty Rakesh
Published: March 2023

We study the computational complexity of the non-preemptive scheduling problem of a listof independent jobs on a set of identical parallel processors with a makespan minimizationobjective. We make a maiden attempt to explore the combinatorial structure showing theexhaustive solution space of the problem by defining the Scheduling Solution Space Tree(SSST) data structure. The properties of the SSST are formally defined and characterizedthrough our analytical results. We develop a unique technique to show the problemNP using the SSST and the Weighted Scheduling Solution Space Tree (WSSST) datastructures. We design the first non-deterministic polynomial-time algorithm named MagicScheduling (MS) for the problem based on the reduction framework. We also define anew variant of multiprocessor scheduling by including the user as an additional inputparameter. We formally establish the complexity class of the variant by the reductionprinciple. Finally, we conclude the article by exploring several interesting open problemsfor future research investigation.
The long noncoding RNA Charme supervises cardiomyocyte maturation by controlling cell differentiation programs in the developing heart
Authors: Taliani Valeria , Buonaiuto Giulia , Desideri Fabio , Setti Adriano , Santini Tiziana , Galfrè Silvia , Schirone Leonardo , Mariani Davide , Frati Giacomo , Valenti Valentina , Sciarretta Sebastiano , Perlas Emerald , Nicoletti Carmine , Musarò Antonio , Ballarino Monica
Published: March 2023

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as critical regulators of heart physiology and disease, although the studies unveiling their modes of action are still limited to few examples. We recently identified pCharme, a chromatin-associated lncRNA whose functional knockout in mice results in defective myogenesis and morphological remodeling of the cardiac muscle. Here, we combined Cap-Analysis of Gene Expression (CAGE), single-cell (sc)RNA sequencing, and whole-mount in situ hybridization analyses to study pCharme cardiac expression. Since the early steps of cardiomyogenesis, we found the lncRNA being specifically restricted to cardiomyocytes, where it assists the formation of specific nuclear condensates containing MATR3, as well as important RNAs for cardiac development. In line with the functional significance of these activities, pCharme ablation in mice results in a delayed maturation of cardiomyocytes, which ultimately leads to morphological alterations of the ventricular myocardium. Since congenital anomalies in myocardium are clinically relevant in humans and predispose patients to major complications, the identification of novel genes controlling cardiac morphology becomes crucial. Our study offers unique insights into a novel lncRNA-mediated regulatory mechanism promoting cardiomyocyte maturation and bears relevance to Charme locus for future theranostic applications.
Identification of phenotypically, functionally, and anatomically distinct stromal niche populations in human bone marrow based on single-cell RNA sequencing
Authors: Li Hongzhe , Bräunig Sandro , Dhapolar Parashar , Karlsson Göran , Lang Stefan , Scheding Stefan
Published: March 2023

Hematopoiesis is regulated by the bone marrow (BM) stroma. However, cellular identities and functions of the different BM stromal elements in humans remain poorly defined. Based on single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq), we systematically characterized the human non-hematopoietic BM stromal compartment and we investigated stromal cell regulation principles based on the RNA velocity analysis using scVelo and studied the interactions between the human BM stromal cells and hematopoietic cells based on ligand-receptor (LR) expression using CellPhoneDB. scRNAseq led to the identification of six transcriptionally and functionally distinct stromal cell populations. Stromal cell differentiation hierarchy was recapitulated based on RNA velocity analysis and in vitro proliferation capacities and differentiation potentials. Potential key factors that might govern the transition from stem and progenitor cells to fate-committed cells were identified. In situ localization analysis demonstrated that different stromal cells were localized in different niches in the bone marrow. In silico cell-cell communication analysis further predicted that different stromal cell types might regulate hematopoiesis through distinct mechanisms. These findings provide the basis for a comprehensive understanding of the cellular complexity of the human BM microenvironment and the intricate stroma-hematopoiesis crosstalk mechanisms, thus refining our current view on human hematopoietic niche organization.
Experience-dependent flexibility in a molecularly diverse central-to-peripheral auditory feedback system
Authors: Frank Michelle M , Sitko Austen A , Suthakar Kirupa , Torres Cadenas Lester , Hunt Mackenzie , Yuk Mary Caroline , Weisz Catherine JC , Goodrich Lisa V
Published: March 2023

Brainstem olivocochlear neurons (OCNs) modulate the earliest stages of auditory processing through feedback projections to the cochlea and have been shown to influence hearing and protect the ear from sound-induced damage. Here, we used single-nucleus sequencing, anatomical reconstructions, and electrophysiology to characterize murine OCNs during postnatal development, in mature animals, and after sound exposure. We identified markers for known medial (MOC) and lateral (LOC) OCN subtypes, and show that they express distinct cohorts of physiologically relevant genes that change over development. In addition, we discovered a neuropeptide-enriched LOC subtype that produces Neuropeptide Y along with other neurotransmitters. Throughout the cochlea, both LOC subtypes extend arborizations over wide frequency domains. Moreover, LOC neuropeptide expression is strongly upregulated days after acoustic trauma, potentially providing a sustained protective signal to the cochlea. OCNs are therefore poised to have diffuse, dynamic effects on early auditory processing over timescales ranging from milliseconds to days.
Identification of a weight loss-associated causal eQTL in MTIF3 and the effects of MTIF3 deficiency on human adipocyte function
Authors: Huang Mi , Coral Daniel , Ardalani Hamidreza , Spegel Peter , Saadat Alham , Claussnitzer Melina , Mulder Hindrik , Franks Paul W , Kalamajski Sebastian
Published: March 2023

Genetic variation at the MTIF3 (Mitochondrial Translational Initiation Factor 3) locus has been robustly associated with obesity in humans, but the functional basis behind this association is not known. Here, we applied luciferase reporter assay to map potential functional variants in the haplotype block tagged by rs1885988 and used CRISPR-Cas9 to edit the potential functional variants to confirm the regulatory effects on MTIF3 expression. We further conducted functional studies on MTIF3-deficient differentiated human white adipocyte cell line (hWAs-iCas9), generated through inducible expression of CRISPR-Cas9 combined with delivery of synthetic MTIF3-targeting guide RNA. We demonstrate that rs67785913-centered DNA fragment (in LD with rs1885988, r2 > 0.8) enhances transcription in a luciferase reporter assay, and CRISPR-Cas9-edited rs67785913 CTCT cells show significantly higher MTIF3 expression than rs67785913 CT cells. Perturbed MTIF3 expression led to reduced mitochondrial respiration and endogenous fatty acid oxidation, as well as altered expression of mitochondrial DNA-encoded genes and proteins, and disturbed mitochondrial OXPHOS complex assembly. Furthermore, after glucose restriction, the MTIF3 knockout cells retained more triglycerides than control cells. This study demonstrates an adipocyte function-specific role of MTIF3, which originates in the maintenance of mitochondrial function, providing potential explanations for why MTIF3 genetic variation at rs67785913 is associated with body corpulence and response to weight loss interventions.
Room-temperature crystallography reveals altered binding of small-molecule fragments to PTP1B
Authors: Skaist Mehlman Tamar , Biel Justin T , Azeem Syeda Maryam , Nelson Elliot R , Hossain Sakib , Dunnett Louise , Paterson Neil G , Douangamath Alice , Talon Romain , Axford Danny , Orins Helen , von Delft Frank , Keedy Daniel A
Published: March 2023

Much of our current understanding of how small-molecule ligands interact with proteins stems from X-ray crystal structures determined at cryogenic (cryo) temperature. For proteins alone, room-temperature (RT) crystallography can reveal previously hidden, biologically relevant alternate conformations. However, less is understood about how RT crystallography may impact the conformational landscapes of protein-ligand complexes. Previously, we showed that small-molecule fragments cluster in putative allosteric sites using a cryo crystallographic screen of the therapeutic target PTP1B (Keedy et al., 2018). Here, we have performed two RT crystallographic screens of PTP1B using many of the same fragments, representing the largest RT crystallographic screens of a diverse library of ligands to date, and enabling a direct interrogation of the effect of data collection temperature on protein-ligand interactions. We show that at RT, fewer ligands bind, and often more weakly – but with a variety of temperature-dependent differences, including unique binding poses, changes in solvation, new binding sites, and distinct protein allosteric conformational responses. Overall, this work suggests that the vast body of existing cryo-temperature protein-ligand structures may provide an incomplete picture, and highlights the potential of RT crystallography to help complete this picture by revealing distinct conformational modes of protein-ligand systems. Our results may inspire future use of RT crystallography to interrogate the roles of protein-ligand conformational ensembles in biological function.
Community differentiation of rhizosphere microorganisms and their responses to environmental factors at different development stages of medicinal plant Glehnia littoralis
Authors: Liu Shuliang , Gao Jianxin , Wang Shimeng , Li Weiwei , Wang Ailan
Published: March 2023

Rhizosphere microorganisms play a key role in affecting plant quality and productivity through its interaction with plant root system. To figure out the bottleneck of the decline of yield and quality in the traditional Chinese medicinal herbs Glehnia littoralis they now encounter, it is important to study the dynamics of rhizosphere microbiota during the cultivation of G. littoralis. In the present study, the composition, diversity and function of rhizosphere microbes at different development stages of G. littoralis, as well as the correlation between rhizosphere microbes and environmental factors were systematically studied by high-throughput sequencing. There were significant differences between the rhizosphere microbes at early and middle-late development stages. More beneficial bacteria, such as Proteobacteria, and more symbiotic and saprophytic fungi were observed at the middle-late development stage of G. littoralis, while beneficial bacteria such as Actinobacteria and polytrophic transitional fungi were abundant at all development stages. The results of redundancy analysis show that eight environmental factors drive the changes of microflora at different development stages. pH, soil organic matter (SOM) and available phosphorus (AP) had important positive effects on the bacterial and fungal communities at the early development stage; saccharase (SC) and nitrate nitrogen (NN) showed significant positive effects on the bacterial and fungal communities at the middle and late stages; while urease (UE), available potassium (AK), and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) have different effects on bacterial and fungal communities at different development stages. Random forest analysis identified 47 bacterial markers and 22 fungal markers that could be used to distinguish G. littoralis at different development stages. Network analysis showed that the rhizosphere microbes formed a complex mutualistic symbiosis network, which is beneficial to the growth and development of G. littoralis. These results suggest that host development stage and environmental factors have profound influence on the composition, diversity, community structure and function of plant rhizosphere microorganisms. This study provides a reference for optimizing the cultivation of G. littoralis.
Mucinous Carcinoma of Breast: A Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Study
Authors: Kalagi Prem Ravindrakumar , Chandan Rajesh H , Samee Mohammed Abdus , Reddy Purushotham
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Mucinous Carcinoma (MC) is a special type of breast cancer. It comprises 4% (1-7%) of all invasive breast cancer. MC is also called colloid breast cancer characterised by nests of cells floating in lakes of mucin. It is divided into two subtypes Pure Mucinous Carcinoma (PMC) and Mixed Mucinous Carcinoma (MMC). PMC classified into two main types according to its structural and cytological features type A (paucicellular) the classical variant with a large amount of extracellular mucin, and type B (hypercellular) a hypercellular variant with less mucin and often with neuroendocrine differentiation. Hormone receptors, Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor-2 (HER2) and MUC2 status play an important role in prognosis and management. Aim: To study histopathological features of MC breast and Immunohistochemical (IHC) status. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of patients who presented with breast cancer were studied at Department of Pathology, Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubballi, Karnataka, India. The study was analysed in June 2002 and authors included data from January 2021 to June 2022. The data included the age at diagnosis, Tumour (T), Lymph Nodes (N), and Metastases (M) (TNM) stage, presence and number of Lymph Node (LN) metastases, Oestrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR), HER2 and MUC2 status. The patients in whom the diagnosis of MC of breast was given on histopathology were only included in the study. Patients of breast cancer of other pathological types were excluded from the detailed study. Descriptive statistics like mean, tables, and charts were used with the help of Microsoft office 2007 to interpret the results. Results: A total of 245 patients reported as invasive breast cancer during 18 months of study period, out of which 12 cases diagnosed as MC were taken in study. Amongst 12 cases, eight cases were PMC and four cases were MMC. The mean age at presentation was 63.37±16.38 years (eight PMC) and 60.0±19.30 years (four MMC). A total of 11 out of 12 cases were females and only one was male case (PMC). Majority of PMC 04 (50.0%) and MMC 03 (75.0%) were observed to be in TNM Stage 2, and four of 12 cases of MC had LN metastasis with no distant metastasis. MC showed higher expression of hormone receptors and lower expression of HER2/neu and MUC2 positivity, which corroborates with other studies and concluded that, MC with such an immunohistochemistry profile was prognostically better. Conclusion: Mucinous Breast Carcinoma (MBC) is a rare type of breast cancer accounting for about 4% of all diagnosed breast cancers. These are associated with a better long-term prognosis than other breast cancers. Hormone receptors and HER2 status play an important role in prognosis and management. MUC2 also plays a major role in mediating the proliferation, apoptosis, metastases of breast cancer cells and determining the use of chemotherapy drugs.
Knowledge, Attitude and Self-efficacy of School Teachers towards Students with Epilepsy in Haryana, India: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Rana Radhamohan , Kumar Sanjay , Kumar Mahesh
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Epilepsy is the commonest childhood neurological disorder mostly affecting children in the first decade of life. Globally, school teachers have many false beliefs and misinformation about epilepsy. The knowledge and attitude of teachers towards students with epilepsy have a huge impact on their future life. Aim: To evaluate the knowledge, attitude and self-efficacy of school teachers towards students with epilepsy. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 20 August 2022 to 31 October 2022 at BPS GMC for women, Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat, Haryana, India, using self-administered questionnaire including randomly selected 427 school teachers from 15 schools of Haryana (India). The questionnaire included the scale of Attitude Towards Persons with Epilepsy (ATPE), a summated rating scale for measuring knowledge and attitude. Several additional knowledge and attitude items were also evaluated. Effect of socio-demographic characteristics of participants were also evaluated as a predictor of knowledge and attitude. Data was collected and statistics were applied using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software and p-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The mean age of teachers in the present study was 37.7±8.8 years (range=23-58 years). Among the total participants, 79.4% were female teachers. They had approximately two times higher probability of getting a good knowledge and attitude score. Age group 30 to 50 years had higher chances of getting a good knowledge score. Teaching experience has a positive effect on the knowledge score. Awareness about epilepsy was quite high (85%). Only 14% teachers had previous or current contact with persons with epilepsy. A total of 10.7% teachers had performed first aid management of seizures and 9% of teachers thought that epilepsy is contiguous. The median score for knowledge and attitude were 6 (range= -21 to +26) and 25 (range=-19 to +62), respectively showing overall good knowledge and attitude score. But there were deficits in individual items score and first aid management of seizures. Conclusion: The overall result of study indicated a good knowledge and attitude towards students with epilepsy, among the participant teachers. Although there were some deficient areas which need to be improved regarding knowledge and attitude and first aid management of seizure episodes. There is a pressing need for integration of educational training courses about epilepsy in the teachers training curriculum.
Research on the Mathematical Reasoning Ability in Junior High Schools in China
Authors: Xing Fanglin , Yang Zezhong
Published: March 2023

Mathematical reasoning ability is one of the main manifestations of core literacy in junior high school in China. Recently, many scholars have studied it, however, there is no literature summarizing and combing this aspect. This paper collects relevant literature from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure database in the last ten years, and uses the literature research method to draw the following conclusions: (1) At present, the research of scholars mainly includes four aspects: structural elements, current situation research, influencing factors and training strategies of mathematical reasoning ability in junior high school; (2) The current research results are more in the three aspects of current situation research, influencing factors and training strategies, and less in structural elements; (3) The measurement and evaluation of probabilistic reasoning ability is a blank spot in current research; (4) More in-depth analysis and research on the relationship, influence degree and influence path of the influencing factors of mathematical reasoning ability is the blank point of current research; (5) In terms of training strategies, scholars have little deeper research on textbooks, teaching methods, teaching models and so on. Therefore, it is necessary to further study the structural elements of mathematical reasoning ability, the current situation of junior high school students’ probability reasoning ability, the main influencing factors and influencing paths of junior high school students’ mathematical reasoning ability, and the deeper training strategies, to enrich the research results of mathematical reasoning ability in junior high school.
Effect of Feeding Locally Produced Soybean Meal and Fishmeal on the Performance of Broiler Chicks
Authors: Amasaib E. O. , Osman S. M.
Published: March 2023

This study was carried out to determine the effect of the inclusion of Soybean meal and fish meal on the broiler chicks performance. One hundred and sixty unsexed day-old chicks were used in this study and distributed randomly into 16 pens (10/pen) as replicates in a completely randomized design. The chicks were assigned to four experimental diets: Diet A containing imported concentrate, Diet B containing a mixture of 75 % of soybean and 25 % fish meal, Diet C containing 25 % imported concentrates and 75% the mixture, and Diet D containing 50% imported concentrates and 50% of the mixture. Feed intake, feed conversion ratio, body weight gain and mortality rate were recorded weekly, while the carcass weight, dressing percentage, weight of the internal organs (liver, spleen, heart and abdominal fat (and serum contents (blood cholesterol, total lipids, glucose, albumen and protein) were determined at the end of the experimental period. The results showed that the birds fed Diet A consumed significantly (P<0.01) higher feed (3728.4 g) and gained more life weight (1818 g). The feed conversion ratio was not affected by treatments, although the birds fed diet A recorded the best value (2.05). For carcass weight and dressing percentage, the birds fed diet A recorded the highest values 1551.25g and 72.28% respectively. The same trend was reported in the internal organs liver, heart, and fats wherein diet A recorded the highest value 60.0, 12.5 and 23.1g respectively. For blood biochemical, the birds fed diet A had the highest value of protein, cholesterol, and lipids while the birds fed diet B recorded the highest value of glucose. It could be concluded that the inclusion of locally prepared Soybean and fish meal reduced the performance of the broiler chicks and the control diet had the best broiler performance.
Genetic Divergence Studies of Submergence Tolerant Rice Genotypes
Authors: Mishra Abhishek , Shahani Monika , Bijarania Subhash
Published: March 2023

The present investigation was carried out with 24 rice genotypes including both indigenous and exotic collections/varieties/lines under both normal transplanted condition and in submerged condition and observation for various morphophysiological, quantitative and qualitative traits by using randomized block design at the Research Farm of ‘Tirhut College of Agriculture, Dholi, Dr Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, during Kharif season of 2019. All the 24 genotypes grouped into 3 clusters using D2 statistics. Intra cluster distance was at most in case of Cluster II while highest inter cluster distance was detected between Cluster III and Cluster II. Cluster III contains maximum yield attributing traits so it can be used for hybridization programme of above-mentioned traits. Crop Growth Rate at 30DAS showed maximum contribution towards total divergence while minimum contribution was exhibited by Number of Fertile Spikelet.
Assessment of Soil Fertility through Response of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) to Nutrient Omission in Alfisols of Kondagaon District of Chhattisgarh in India
Authors: Kumar Balwant , Sharma G. K.
Published: March 2023

The investigation was carried out with the aim to identify the specific yield limiting nutrients through response of rice to nutrient omission in pot culture under completely randomized design with 3 replications and 11 treatments during kharif season 2017 and to demonstrate the optimum use of identified limiting nutrients in wheat crop at field level in Kondagaon district during rabi season 2017-18. The treatments were formulated by keeping one treatment with application of all nutrients in optimum level and others by sequentially omitting each nutrient. The soil had a clay loam texture, neutral reaction (pH 6.6), normal electrical conductivity, medium organic C, available P and K, low available N and S, high available Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn and Cu and marginal available Zn and B. Omission of N and P nutrients significantly reduced the growth, yield and nutrients uptake by rice in comparison to all nutrients. The maximum grain yield of 73.0 g pot-1 was recorded, in all nutrients pot and 50.1 % reduction in grain yield of rice, from the maximum yield, was recorded in N omitted pots, followed by 18.8 % reduction in P omitted pots and omission of other nutrients didn’t reduce the grain yield significantly indicating that only N and P were yield limiting nutrients. In field verification during rabi season, 19.0 % increase in wheat grain yield and 23.0 % increase in net return was recorded, due to optimum dose of identified yield limiting nutrients over farmer's practice dose. The results clearly indicate that the site specific nutrient management dose based on yield limiting nutrient identified through nutrient omission study was found economically profitable to the farmers.
Development of New Generation Drugs by Enriching Them with Gases
Authors: Urakov Aleksandr , Shabanov Petr , Lovtsova Lubov
Published: March 2023

Until today, the mechanism of action of drugs is traditionally considered without taking into account the physical-chemical properties of dosage forms. However, at the beginning of the 21st century, there were reports that all drugs contain unaccounted gases that enter drugs from the air and affect the quality of drugs. It is shown that the composition and amount of gases in the dosage forms of all drugs changes their mechanical, physical, chemical and physical-chemical properties and the mechanism of action of drugs, especially when applied topically It is reported that changing the content of gases in drug solutions and tablets allows to regulate their mass, volume, specific gravity, porosity, physico-chemical activity and local action on the routes of drug administration. The identification of this pattern allowed to start the production of completely new drugs with a certain gas composition and with a new local pharmacokinetics and a new local pharmacodynamics. The formulations of new drugs in which gas is an auxiliary, formative or main ingredient are given. It is proposed to control the gas composition of medicines as an indicator of their quality and an important factor of their physical-chemical activity. It is proved that the gas in the drug can be not only neutral, but also auxiliary, oppositional, and sometimes the main ingredient. Thus, the control and accounting of the gas contained in drugs will allow the creation of a new generation of drugs in the near future.
"Change" and "Constant" in International Relations: A Case Study Based on the China-Bangladesh Perspective
Authors: Amin Muhammad Al , Nion Saydur Rahman
Published: March 2023

This paper has been prepared based on secondary data. The China and Bangladesh diplomatic relations were established in 1975. Since then, the relationship between China and Bangladesh has been going high. The China-Bangladesh relationship reached a new level with China's President Xi Jinping's two-day historic visit to Bangladesh in October 2016. Which was widely dubbed a "historic state visit," the start of a "new horizon," or "a new historical starting point" of China and Bangladesh relations. There is a lot of history in the thousand-year-old friendship between China and Bangladesh. The relationship between Sino and Bangladesh is changing very fast after the twenty-first century. But also, there has a constant relation between China and Bangladesh. In this paper, we tried to explain the thousand-year-old friendship between the two countries and explore the "Change" and the "Constant" in international relations based on the China and Bangladesh perspective.
sagrados femininos da Pombagira nas encruzilhadas morfológicas de Maria Padilha
Authors: Martins Vianna Alexander
Published: March 2023

Este artigo aborda alguns percursos culturais na formação da religiosidade mediúnica ibero-afro-indígena do Brasil a partir do estudo focal da metamorfose da histórica Maria de Padilla em Maria Padilha, configuração mais antiga de pombagira da qual se tem notícia na formação das umbandas cariocas desde o início do século XX. Embora o ponto de observação parta da configuração de Maria Padilha como pombagira, em comparação ao repertório e aos meios sociais dos calundus e feitiçarias coloniais, buscou-se assentar um plano comparativo de contextualização transcultural, explorando a hipótese de que a pombagira atualiza, nos meios culturais urbanos de religiosidade mediúnica carioca, os caracteres, formas e funções que remetem às morfologias de sagrado feminino catalogadas nos estudos feministas de arqueologia comparativa (paleolítica, neolítica e Antiga) de Marija Giumbutas e Miriam Dexter.
trama de um furto
Authors: Cruz Itan
Published: March 2023

O presente artigo analisa a trama originada pelo furto de uma carteira que pertencia a Franklin Dória, um promotor da cidade de Cachoeira, no Recôncavo da Bahia, em 1864. O principal suspeito, Lúcio, era escravizado da tia do promotor, tendo supostamente confiado a quantia subtraída – um conto e oitocentos mil réis – à sua própria tia, Petronilla, que teria usado o dinheiro para se alforriar, adquirir tecidos, joias em ouro e para agradar o seu amásio, Piranduba, um calafate livre apontado como cúmplice do delito. A pesquisa que segue, portanto, mostra como esse furto pode revelar os limites e fragilidades da política de domínio senhorial, evidenciando a agência das pessoas escravizadas. Para tanto, foram consultados: cartas íntimas, a literatura, um livro de memória, um inventário, relatos de viajantes, depoimentos, registros policiais, processos-crime, petições, legislações e assentamento de batismo.
Oriente no olhar de Camões
Authors: Nepomuceno Luís André
Published: March 2023

Leitores de Camões têm observado que, para compor a matéria histórica de seu poema Os Lusíadas, o poeta se apega a uma suposta “verdade” que teria lido nas crônicas e ouvido na tradição oral. Os retratos da África e da Ásia que ele concebeu seriam fruto desse anseio pela  “verdade” histórica. O presente artigo propõe, contrariamente, que Camões registrou uma verdade conveniente, atestada pelos interesses da nobreza da casa de Avis, compondo um retrato heroico da missão de Vasco da Gama, ao mesmo tempo em que omitiu práticas desumanas de seu projeto colonialista. Conhecendo de perto o jugo e a escravização dos povos africanos, o poeta ajustou a imagem da África e da Ásia à da figura do antagonista, evidenciando seu povo como gente inculta e inimiga da fé. Esse apagamento da história esconde o anseio de dominação sobre essa gente que se viu colonizada e escravizada nos séculos posteriores.
Sítio Dagomé
Authors: Parés Luis Nicolau
Published: March 2023

O artigo apresenta informações sobre o Sítio Dagomé, um candomblé rural que funcionou na cidade de Salvador (Bahia) entre as décadas de 1830 e 1870. A partir de uma planta topográfica do terreiro produzida no fim do século XIX, o artigo explora as possibilidades historiográficas da cartografia para revelar aspectos da espacialidade, a sociabilidade e a práxis ritual do grupo religioso. Num segundo momento, trata do candomblé rural e dos conflitos fundiários entre rendeiros e proprietários, mostrando a imbricação entre a luta pela posse da terra, a economia agrícola e a institucionalização do candomblé. Na parte final, o texto examina a rede social da liderança do terreiro, indagando até que ponto a comunicação atlântica mediada por mercadores e viajantes africanos, na primeira metade do século, teve alguma incidência na formação do sítio Dagomé.
Incorrect ECG Diagnoses?—Follow the Leads
Authors: Xin Xingli , Li Xuanxuan , Xin Qingjie
Published: March 2023

This case report describes a patient in their early 70s with frequent paroxysmal chest pain.
Parental Nonadherence to Health Policy Recommendations for Prevention of COVID-19 Transmission Among Children
Authors: Levy Andrea Gurmankin , Thorpe Alistair , Scherer Laura D. , Scherer Aaron M. , Butler Jorie M. , Shoemaker Holly , Fagerlin Angela
Published: March 2023

This survey study assesses whether parents had ever engaged in specific misrepresentation and nonadherence behaviors regarding public health measures for preventing COVID-19 transmission among children.
Estimation of Multiyear Consequences for Abortion Access in Georgia Under a Law Limiting Abortion to Early Pregnancy
Authors: Redd Sara K. , Mosley Elizabeth A. , Narasimhan Suba , Newton-Levinson Anna , AbiSamra Roula , Cwiak Carrie , Hall Kelli Stidham , Hartwig Sophie A. , Pringle Johanna , Rice Whitney S.
Published: March 2023

Importance

Following the US Supreme Court ruling in Dobbs v Jackson Women’s Health Organization, Georgia’s law limiting abortion to early pregnancy, House Bill 481 (HB481), was allowed to go into effect in July 2022.

Objectives

To estimate anticipated multiyear effects of HB481, which prohibits abortions after detection of embryonic cardiac activity, on abortion incidence in Georgia, and to examine inequities by race, age, and socioeconomic status.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This repeated cross-sectional analysis used abortion surveillance data from January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2017, to estimate future effects of HB481 on abortion care in Georgia, with a focus on the 2 most recent years of data (2016 and 2017). Abortion surveillance data were obtained from the 2007-2017 Georgia Department of Public Health’s Induced Termination of Pregnancy files. Linear regression was used to estimate trends in abortions provided at less than 6 weeks’ gestation and at 6 weeks’ gestation or later in Georgia, and χ2 analyses were used to compare group differences by race, age, and educational attainment. Data were analyzed from July 26 to September 22, 2022.

Exposures

HB481, Georgia’s law limiting abortion to early pregnancy.

Main Outcome and Measures

Weeks’ gestation at abortion (<6 vs ≥6 weeks).

Results

From January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2017, there were 360 972 reported abortions in Georgia, with an annual mean (SD) of 32 816 (1812) abortions. Estimates from 2016 to 2017 suggest that 3854 abortions in Georgia (11.6%) would likely meet eligibility requirements for abortion care under HB481. Fewer abortions obtained by Black patients (1943 [9.6%] vs 1280 [16.2%] for White patients), patients younger than 20 years (261 [9.1%] vs 168 [15.0%] for those 40 years and older), and patients with fewer years of education (392 [9.2%] with less than a high school diploma and 1065 [9.6%] with a high school diploma vs 2395 [13.5%] for those with some college) would likely meet eligibility requirements under HB481.

Conclusions and Relevance

These findings suggest that Georgia’s law limiting abortion to early pregnancy (HB481) would eliminate access to abortion for nearly 90% of patients in Georgia, and disproportionately harm patients who are Black, younger, and in lower socioeconomic status groups.
Limb to Cranial Overflow Dystonia in a Patient After Stroke
Authors: Chakraborty Arka Prava , Mukherjee Adreesh , Biswas Atanu
Published: March 2023

This case report describes noncontiguous overflow dystonia in a patient with diabetes, hypertension, and a history of left putaminal hemorrhage and right hemiparesis.
MFN2 deficiency affects calcium homeostasis in lung adenocarcinoma cells via downregulation of UCP4
Authors: Zhang Jingjing , Pan Lifang , Zhang Qiang , Zhao Yanyan , Wang Wenwen , Lin Nengming , Zhang Shirong , Wu Qiong
Published: March 2023

Mitofusin‐2 (MFN2) is a transmembrane GTPase that regulates mitochondrial fusion and thereby modulates mitochondrial function. However, the role of MFN2 in lung adenocarcinoma remains controversial. Here, we investigated the effect of MFN2 regulation on mitochondria in lung adenocarcinoma. We found that MFN2 deficiency resulted in decreased UCP4 expression and mitochondrial dysfunction in A549 and H1975 cells. UCP4 overexpression restored ATP and intracellular calcium concentration, but not mtDNA copy number, mitochondrial membrane potential or reactive oxygen species level. Furthermore, mass spectrometry analysis identified 460 overlapping proteins after independent overexpression of MFN2 and UCP4; these proteins were significantly enriched in the cytoskeleton, energy production, and calponin homology (CH) domains. Moreover, the calcium signaling pathway was confirmed to be enriched in KEGG pathway analysis. We also found by protein–protein interaction network analysis that PINK1 may be a key regulator of MFN2‐ and UCP4‐mediated calcium homeostasis. Furthermore, PINK1 increased MFN2/UCP4‐mediated intracellular Ca2+ concentration in A549 and H1975 cells. Finally, we demonstrated that low expression levels of MFN2 and UCP4 in lung adenocarcinoma are associated with poor clinical prognosis. In conclusion, our data suggest not only a potential role of MFN2 and UCP4 in co‐regulating calcium homeostasis in lung adenocarcinoma but also their potential use as therapeutic targets in lung cancer.
Selective de‐implementation of routine in vivo dosimetry
Authors: Mao Serena P. H. , Han‐Oh Sarah , Moore Joseph , Huang Ellen , McNutt Todd R. , Souranis Annette N. , Briner Valerie , Halthore Aditya , Alcorn Sarah R. , Meyer Jeffrey J. , Viswanathan Akila N. , Wright Jean L.
Published: March 2023

As cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) has become the localization method for a majority of cases, the indications for diode‐based confirmation of accurate patient set‐up and treatment are now limited and must be balanced between proper resource allocation and optimizing efficiency without compromising safety. We undertook a de‐implementation quality improvement project to discontinue routine diode use in non‐intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) cases in favor of tailored selection of scenarios where diodes may be useful. After analysis of safety reports from the last 5 years, literature review, and stakeholder discussions, our safety and quality (SAQ) committee introduced a recommendation to limit diode use to specific scenarios in which in vivo verification may add value to standard quality assurance (QA) processes. To assess changes in patterns of use, we reviewed diode use by clinical indication 4 months prior and after the implementation of the revised policy, which includes use of diodes for: 3D conformal photon fields set up without CBCT; total body irradiation (TBI); electron beams; cardiac devices within 10 cm of the treatment field; and unique scenarios on a case‐by‐case basis. We identified 4459 prescriptions and 1038 unique instances of diode use across five clinical sites from 5/2021 to 1/2022. After implementation of the revised policy, we observed an overall decrease in diode use from 32% to 13.2%, with a precipitous drop in 3D cases utilizing CBCT (from 23.2% to 4%), while maintaining diode utilization in the 5 selected scenarios including 100% of TBI and electron cases. By identifying specific indications for diode use and creating a user‐friendly platform for case selection, we have successfully de‐implemented routine diode use in favor of a selective process that identifies cases where the diode is important for patient safety. In doing so, we have streamlined patient care and decreased cost without compromising patient safety.
Fabrication of a Porous Fe–Al Intermetallic Alloy with Ultrahigh Open Porosity
Authors: Xu Zhigang , Wang Weijin , Wang Hui , Yang Chao , Shen Qiang , Wang Chuanbin
Published: March 2023

Herein, a porous Fe–Al intermetallic material with ultrahigh open porosity is prepared via the multistep sintering process using a Fe–Al–Mn powder mixture as the raw material. The microstructure, phase composition, Mn sublimation, and open porosity of the sintered Fe–Al–Mn compacts are investigated. The compacts sintered at temperatures ≤700 °C are composed of the newly formed Fe/Mn‐based solid solutions, intermetallic phases, and the original elemental particles without the sublimation of Mn. The open porosities of the 650‐ and 700 °C‐sintered compacts are ≈39.83 and ≈47.19 vol%, respectively. After sintering at 1250 °C, Mn is rarely left in the porous body, and a single Fe–Al intermetallic phase with an even chemical composition is generated. The open porosity of the 1250 °C‐sintered compacts is ≈66.67 vol%, superior to other reported porous Fe–Al materials, and its strength is ≈22.5 MPa, which is competitive as well. This work may open a new strategy to design and optimize the high‐quality porous Fe–Al alloy in future.