bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Bahasa Pemrograman Scratch Terhadap Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Informatika Siswa di SD Islam Al-Azhar 32 Padang
Authors: Sukri Indah Hasanah , Amilia Winanda , Yeni Fetri , Rahmayanti Elsa
Published: August 2024

This research is motivated by the implementation of Informatics learning at SD Islam Al-Azhar 32 Padang. The theory and practice of programming languages ​​is included in the Informatics material but is not implemented so that the ability to recognize and understand programming languages ​​in children has not yet emerged. Apart from that, the Informatics learning outcomes of students who have not yet reached the KKM are 70. This research aims to determine the effect of the scratch programming language in improving the Informatics learning outcomes of class IV students at Al-Azhar 32 Islamic Elementary School in Padang. This type of research is quantitative research. This quantitative research uses experimental methods. As for several types of experimental methods, researchers used Quasi Experiments. Then, the research design pattern used in this research uses the non-equivalent group design. The non-equivalent group design is a design that requires the existence of an experimental and control group. This is because the determination of the hypothesis is based on the results of the observations of the two groups. Determination of experimental and control groups is not random. These two groups will later be tested using the same instruments and analyzing which treatment is more optimal
Block Method for the Approximate Solution of Third-order Initial Value Problems.
Authors: Akinnukawe Blessing , Atteh Emmanuel
Published: August 2024

This paper aims to develop a novel third derivative block method with two hybrid points for the direct approximation of third-order Initial Value Problems (IVP). The hybrid points, and , used for the development of the schemes are selected such that they lie in the interval . These derived hybrid schemes are implemented in a block form on some third-order IVPs. The properties of the proposed method including convergence, order, and zero-stability are established. Application of the derived block method on test problems confirms the superiority of the method when compared to exact solutions and existing methods. The numerical results show that the proposed method effectively integrates the third-order Initial Value Problems directly.
Mathematical Model for the Transmission Dynamics and Control of of Yaws Infection
Authors: Alhassan Abdullahi , Musa Samuel , Momoh Abdulfatai , Yusuf Salaudeen
Published: August 2024

This study examined the dynamics of the yaws infection in the population by developing a non-linear model for the infection. The model's solution's boundedness and positivity were determined by applying the comparison theorem in conjunction with the integration method. Disease-free equilibrium was established, and the basic reproduction number was derived using the next-generation matrix. The disease-free equilibrium (DFE) of the model was examined locally using the linearization approach. It was discovered that the real parts of the eigenvalues are negative, indicating that the DFE is locally asymptotically stable (LAS). The global stability of the DFE for the model was examined using the Castello-Chavez approach, and the results indicated that the DFE is globally asymptotically stable. The impact of the treatment on the transmission dynamics of the disease has been investigated through numerical simulation of the model using ODE45 in Matlab.
Enhancing Bioremediation of Crude Oil Contaminated Soil from Kokori, Delta State, Nigeria Using Cow Dung as Biostimulant
Authors: Tega Onavwie , Ocholi Yahaya , Abdullahi Machido
Published: August 2024

This study was aimed at assessing the bioremediation of crude oil contaminated soil from kokori, Delta state, Nigeria by indigenous bacteria flora using cow dung as biostimulants. The activities of commercial agricultural investors, small-scale farmers, and the indigenous people of the Nigerian Niger Delta, whose livelihood has been heavily dependent on agriculture, have all been severely impeded and even destroyed by the crude oil spill. Therefore, a solution to the issue of oil spills in these places is required. Hydrocarbon contaminated soil was collected from a crude oil polluted sites and a non-contaminated soil was collected from Agricultural cultivable farmland in kokori, Delta state and its physicochemical properties were determined before the bioremediation period. The nutrients composition of cow dung used for the study was determined. After adding different amounts of cow dung to 200g of soil, the mixture was left to incubate at room temperature for six (6) weeks. Throughout the course of the experiment, measurements of the total petroleum hydrocarbon eliminated and the hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria count (HUB) were made at one-week intervals. Increased in the HUB counts with corresponding decrease in the amount of hydrocarbons were observed. While highest HUB count was observed for the various amendment at week six, 5g/kg cow dung treatments had the highest count (3.35 x103cfu/g) with residual hydrocarbon (519.56mg/kg) while treatments 2.5g/kg cow dung had 2.91x103cfu/g with residual hydrocarbon of 541.06mg/kg. The result further revealed the degree of degradation likewise the bioremediation efficiency with C having the highest degree of degradation of (49.04%) at week six and bioremediation efficiency of (75.26%) at the first week of study. The introduction of cow dung into soil that has been contaminated with hydrocarbons promotes the growth of naturally occurring bacteria that break down hydrocarbons, leading to a greater amount of hydrocarbon degradation.
DETERMINING THE DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF RED CELL DISTRIBUTION WIDTH (RDW) IN THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA (IDA) AND NON TRANSFUSION-DEPENDENT BETA THALASSEMIA (BTT).
Authors: Qamar Ghazala , Fatima Mavra , Imran Ayisha
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:
Hypochromic microcytic Anaemia comprises the major chunk of red blood-related disorders in our part of the world. Iron deficiency and beta-thalassemia are the most common hypochromic/microcytic Anemia . Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a credible marker of variation in red cell size (Anisocytosis). RDW is usually elevated in IDA due to variations in the size of erythrocytes while it is normal in the beta-thalassemia trait. Therefore, it is of considerable significance in the detection of IDA in clinical conditions, where Iron studies and other specialized investigations cannot be undertaken due to the reason of resource constrains.

AIM:
The study aims to detect the sensitivity and specificity of RDW in iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and beta thalassemia trait (TT). Hence, RDW is cost-effective and a reliable parameter in detecting IDA in the absence of many other diagnostic choices.
METHODS:
The study was conducted at Chughtai Institute of Pathology (CIP) Lahore from September 2019 –November 2019. It was a Cross-sectional Prospective study including 115 patients and dividing them into two main groups. Group 1 included patients of IDA. Group 2 included patients with beta Thalassemia trait having Haemoglobin A2 values of >3.5 diagnosed on Capillary Haemoglobin Electrophoresis.

RESULTS:
The overall age of patients was 28.5±9.5 years and 30(26.1%) were males. Thirty-one (27.0%) were diagnosed as βTT among them.RDW had a sensitivity of 83.9% and specificity of 91.7% in the diagnosis of βTT by differentiating from IDA.
CONCLUSION:
RDW is a reliable and useful index for the diagnosis of IDA and differentiates it from βTT.
Toxicity Profile and Reincarnation of Antioxidant Activity of Annona squamosa L (Sugar apple) Ethanol Leaves Extract in Wistar Albino rats
Authors: Folami Sulaimon , Salaudeen Fatai , Lawal Ismail , Lawal Abiodun , Abubakar Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The toxicity profile and antioxidant properties of natural compounds from plants like Annona squamosa L. (Sugar apple) have garnered significant research interest due to their potential health benefits, as antioxidants are crucial in combating oxidative stress, which is implicated in various diseases.This study investigates the Annona squamosa L ethanol leaf extract (ASELE) in Wistar Albino rats to elucidate its toxicity profile and its ability to reincarnate antioxidant activity. Phytochemical screening was conducted using specified reagents, confirming the presence of bioactive secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, phenols and anthraquinones. Quantitative analysis revealed varying concentrations, with the highest in alkaloids (18.47±0.06 mg/ml) followed by Saponins (16.33±0.05mg/ml and Anthraquinones (9.60±0.04mg/ml) Flavonoids (4.08±0.04mg/ml) and Phenol (0.80±0.03mg/ml) were present in lower amounts. The LD50 of Annona squamosa L ethanol leaf extract (ASELE) exceeded 3000mg/kg body weight, showing no fatality within a 14-day observation period. ASELE treatment resulted in a significant reduction (p<0.05) in oxidative stress markers. Similarly, ASELE (150-1200mg/kg) exhibited a notable decrease (p<0.05) in Aspartate Amino Transferase and Alanine Amino Transferase during a 28-day oral toxicity trial. However, other biochemical parameters, including alkaline phosphate, albumin, total protein, direct bilirubin, urea, uric acid, and creatinine, showed no significant differences compared to the control. In terms of hematological parameters, platelets and mean corpuscular volume exhibited significant differences (p<0.05) between the extract-treated groups and the control. Moreover, ASELE demonstrated significant antioxidant effects, as evidenced by increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. The study demonstrates that the Annona squamosa ethanol leaf extract (ASELE) exhibits a favorable toxicity profile with an LD50 exceeding 3000 mg/kg, no significant biochemical alterations, and notable antioxidant effects, highlighting its potential therapeutic benefits in reducing oxidative stress and validating its traditional medicinal uses; therefore, it is recommended to further investigate ASELE's therapeutic potential through extended preclinical and clinical trials, explore the mechanisms behind its antioxidant properties, and consider its incorporation into nutraceutical formulations for controlled and standardized health benefits
A Comparative study of Fuzzy Logic, Incremental Conductance and P & O MPPT Algorithms for Solar Energy System
Authors: Imran Muhammad , Shehzad Mohammad , Wajid Abdul
Published: August 2024

Because of rising energy prices and a lack of available energy, the majority of nations are now looking to create alternate sources of energy. Renewable energy sources are pure, unrestricted, and limitless. Solar energy has been suggested in recent global energy plans as a way so that non-renewable energy usage should be kept minimum. Solar energy system is mostly being implemented as grid connected system with national grid. Solar energy systems energy extracting is becoming a challenging phenomenon. The research work in this paper aims to do a comparison of MPPT strategies. Three strategies P & O, incremental conductance and fuzzy logic are designed and simulated in MATLAB Simulink to track the MPP. Solar-grid integration done by connecting a dc-dc converter with a load. Gate pulses of the converter are produced using the MPPT algorithms to track the maximum point and operate the system optimally nearer to the MPP. Every technique efficiency is evaluated by comparing the response time, overshoot and oscillations. Initially P & O approach is implemented in MATLAB and its limitations are discussed. Then, incremental approach is implemented and its response is checked. Finally, an advanced approach fuzzy logic is implemented. The comparison of the MPPT strategies includes graphical comparison and statistical comparison. Every technique advantage and limitations are also discussed in order to select the appropriate technique for a particular system. Fuzzy logic approach is the most efficient technique.
Evaluating physical therapy interventions for pediatric developmental disorders: Enhancing motor skill
Authors: Lee Jung
Published: August 2024

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of specific physical therapy interventions, including Metaverse Physical Therapy, Nintendo Wii-integrated therapy, Whole-Body Vibration training, Segmental trunk and head control training, Ride-on car training, swimming programs, structured bimanual skill training, and running interventions in enhancing motor skills in children with pediatric developmental disorders.
Methodology: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and longitudinal studies published from 2013 to 2023 was conducted. Studies that compared the effects of innovative physical therapy interventions such as metaverse physical therapy, virtual reality-enhanced treatments, and Nintendo Wii-integrated therapy, and traditional physical therapies on children with developmental disorders were included. Primary outcomes assessed included improvements in motor skills, cognitive functions, and social interactions.
Results: The review identified significant improvements in motor function across various interventions. Innovations like metaverse physical therapy and virtual reality-enhanced treatments showed additional benefits in engagement and motivation. While all interventions generally improved motor skills, those incorporating advanced technologies and integrative approaches also positively impacted cognitive and social development, although to varying degrees.
Conclusion: Physical therapy, particularly when integrating new technologies and holistic approaches, is crucial for improving overall development in children with developmental disorders. The review highlights the need for personalized, multifaceted therapy plans that address not only physical but also cognitive and social needs to optimize outcomes.
Long-term follow up of a patient with Camurati–Engelmann disease: Case report and literature review
Authors: Kim Mi , Shim Hye
Published: August 2024

Camurati-Engelmann disease is an exceedingly rare genetic disorder characterized by distinct radiological features that differentiate it from other osteo-dysplastic diseases. A 52-year-old woman presented with a 20-year history of right hip pain with recent exacerbation over 18 months. Diagnostic evaluation included bone scintigraphy, radiography, and blood tests. Bone scintigraphy revealed symmetrically increased uptake throughout the diaphysis of long bones and skull, while radiography showed cortical thickening and coarse trabeculation with bilateral enlargement of multiple bones. These findings indicated diffuse diaphyseal sclerosis, consistent with Camurati–Engelmann disease. She was managed with analgesics, anti-inflammatory agents, and intermittent intralesional steroid injections for over 7 years, during which no additional radiographic changes were noted. Therefore, we aim to report this case and conduct a literature review.
Dermatoscopy assessment of treatment response of scabies patients
Authors: Qaseem Hozan , Aldabbagh Zyad , Ali Mateen
Published: August 2024

Objective: To assess the use of dermoscopy in managing scabies, highlighting its role in enhancing diagnostic accuracy and treatment efficacy.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study included 60 patients of scabies and was undertaken at the Duhok Dermatology Teaching Center in Duhok city, from May 2023 to October 2023. Dermoscopy was compared with clinical diagnosis. For data analysis, SPPS was utilized.
Results: A strong correlation was discovered between the efficacy of dermatoscopy and the evaluation of scabies cases' response to treatment, which was substantiated by a p-value of 0.0000 and a t-value of 10.225. based on the R-squared value of 0.643, which indicates that dermatoscopy may explain approximately 64.3% of the variability in treatment response evaluation.
Conclusion: Dermoscopy significantly enhances the accuracy of scabies diagnosis, providing a reliable, non-invasive tool that complements clinical examination.
EDUCAÇÃO NUTRICIONAL COM ADOLESCENTES
Authors: Anoni Gabriela , Lauffer Juliana , D'Azevedo Sica Caroline
Published: August 2024

Descrever as intervenções de educação alimentar e nutricional aplicadas com adolescentes estudantes de ensino médio. Trata-se de um estudo de natureza qualitativa e intervencionista, apresentado no formato de um relato de experiência. A intervenção envolveu 14 adolescentes do primeiro ano do ensino médio, de idades entre 15 e 16 anos, em uma escola particular de Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul. Foram realizadas 5 ações de Educação Alimentar Nutricional, focadas em ensinar hábitos alimentares saudáveis. Percebeu-se melhora significativa nos conhecimentos de nutrição dos alunos. Além disso, a proposta de atividades baseadas em competição motivou os participantes a se engajarem na prática. A aplicação de intervenções nutricionais é de suma importância para a formação dos acadêmicos, pois o conhecimento adquirido com as práticas prepara o profissional de nutrição para atuar guiado por princípios de humanização, respeito à diversidade cultural, segurança alimentar e nutricional e autonomia.
LER/DORT E SEUS IMPACTOS NA SAÚDE MENTAL DOS TRABALHADORES
Authors: Andrade Torres Bárbara de Paula , Rodrigues de Menezes José Nilson
Published: August 2024

Analisar, na literatura científica, os estudos que vêm sendo produzidos sobre os impactos da LER/DORT na saúde mental dos trabalhadores. Trata-se de um estudo de revisão integrativa, que teve como período da coleta de dados março a junho de 2022. Quatro estudos foram analisados e aceitos nos critérios de inclusão, todos no idioma português. Em relação ao período de publicação dos artigos selecionados, observou-se que dois foram do ano de 2016, um de 2018 e um de 2020. Após a leitura minuciosa das quatro pesquisas selecionadas, observa-se que as LER/DORT geram um grande impacto na vida dos trabalhadores, interferindo tanto na saúde física como na saúde mental.
GRUPO EDUCATIVO PARA PREVENÇÃO DO LINFEDEMA SECUNDÁRIO AO CÂNCER DE MAMA
Authors: De Souza Talita Santos , De Assis Márcia Regina
Published: August 2024

Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, que tem como objetivo descrever a experiência vivenciada no desenvolvimento de um grupo educativo para redução do risco de desenvolvimento do linfedema em mulheres em tratamento do câncer de mama. O grupo educativo aconteceu por meio de um estágio curricular em Terapia Ocupacional num Projeto de Extensão em Telessaúde. Apesar dos desafios impostos pela pandemia do COVID-19, foi possível desenvolver um trabalho que evidencia a contribuição de grupos educativos na emancipação e autonomia dos sujeitos em relação a sua saúde e salienta a importância da Terapia Ocupacional na educação em saúde.
PROTAGONISMO DO ENFERMEIRO DIANTE O TRATAMENTO DE FERIDAS CRÔNICAS
Authors: Vilarouca Filho Edimar , Alves Cruz Cleciana , Ribeiro Beserra Keliane , Barbosa Rayanne de Sousa , Cavalcante Bernardino Wêndson
Published: August 2024

Analisar na literatura científica o que vem sendo produzido sobre o protagonismo do enfermeiro diante o tratamento de feridas crônicas. Revisão de literatura com abordagem qualitativa, realizada nas bases de dados Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SCIELO), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online (Medline), Base de Dados de Enfermagem (BDEnf). Fizeram parte da amostra 10 artigos. Foram encontradas fragilidades técnicas e de conhecimentos em geral sobre prevenção, tratamento e recuperação de feridas crônicas ligadas à formação acadêmica e alguns desafios para que o profissional tenha sua autonomia preservada. Se faz necessária uma capacitação do enfermeiro para tomar decisões, realizar procedimentos e gerenciar sua equipe. Essa preparação deve ser iniciada durante a graduação, fazendo com que o profissional desenvolva habilidades para lidar no manejo de lesões cutâneas crônicas e melhore a capacidade crítico reflexiva.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE O DESFINANCIAMENTO DO NASF-AB ENTRE OS ANOS 2019 A 2022
Authors: Feitosa Magalhães Barbara Mirella , Agostinho Neto João , Ferreira Brandão Monísya Oliveira , Inocencio Leite Laura Hevila
Published: August 2024

Refletir sobre a política do NASF-AB frente às mudanças sofridas a partir do seu desfinanciamento. Trata-se de um estudo reflexivo pautado na leitura minuciosa de aportes teóricos de base científica, cuja sistematização das informações seguiu a revisão de literatura. Os resultados das pesquisas mostraram que os entraves do hodierno desfinanciamento do NASF-AB advêm de uma conjuntura política austera evidenciada nos últimos anos com desfalques à saúde pública e que a falta de financiamento para as ações das equipes-nasf compromete a cobertura assistencial da saúde. A partir do desmoronamento da tecnologia de trabalho integrativo e ampliativo proposto pelo NASF-AB, torna-se capcioso não admitir o retrocesso e a precarização da política pública de saúde ocasionados pelo desmantelamento no sistema de financiamento contemporâneo, que cancela um importante processo operacional do SUS e aniquila suas conquistas.
CAPACIDADE FUNCIONAL E ASSOCIAÇÃO DE CONDIÇÕES DE RISCO EM IDOSOS
Authors: Freire Feitosa Samuel , Costa Silva Francisco , Ferreira Soares Alencar Suianne , Elizaudo de Brito Júnior Francisco , Batista de Sousa Maria Vilma , Melo de Alencar Vanessa Raquel , Alberto Silva Maria Elinete
Published: August 2024

Avaliar a capacidade funcional e a associação de condições de risco em idosos. Estudo transversal, descritivo, realizado na área adscrita a uma Estratégia Saúde da Família, no período de junho a novembro de 2018, mediante aplicação de um instrumento de classificação de risco familiar. Os dados foram analisados no software SPSS®. A amostra foi composta por 92 idosos, com predomínio do sexo feminino (69,57%) e idade média de 72,13±9 anos. 8,6% apresentaram dependência para a realização das atividades de vida diária. As condições de risco mais prevalentes foram idosos polifarmácia (9,14%) e as quedas de repetição (8,06%), que apresentaram um nível de associação estatisticamente significativa (p-valor≤0,05), com incapacidade funcional. Foi evidenciada uma prevalência considerável de condições de risco com impacto na funcionalidade dos idosos, que frequentemente se relacionam, necessitando de uma olhar mais amplo e integral da Estratégia Saúde da Família.
A systematic review and meta-analysis on the prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis in Southeast Asian countries
Authors: Falcon Robbi Miguel , Alcazar Renne Margaret , Guda Justin , Tantengco Ourlad Alzeus
Published: August 2024

Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a disease caused by pathogenic Candida species. This disease typically affects women of reproductive age with high sexual activity (i.e., sex workers), poor educational attainment and economic status, and infrequent hygiene practices. VVC remains a major public health concern. VVC prevalence across Southeast Asian countries remains poorly understood. To address this concern, the current study estimated the current prevalence of VVC infections among women in Southeast Asian countries by conducting a systematic review and meta-analyses. All studies reporting the prevalence of VVC in Southeast Asia were obtained from Ovid Medline, Scopus, and CINAHL. A review of titles and abstracts was done independently by three reviewers. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Meta-analysis was performed in R v.4.1,1 using the ‘meta’ package (version 4.19-0). Based on the results of the current study, the pooled estimated prevalence of VVC among Southeast Asian women is 23.0% (95% CI: 18.0% to 28.0%). Across countries, Laos had the highest estimated prevalence at 33.0% (95% CI: 22.0% to 46.0%). Subgroup analysis based on pregnancy status and occupation revealed a higher estimated prevalence among non-pregnant women (32.0%, 95% CI: 25.0% to 40.0%) and non-sex workers (33.0%, 95% CI: 20.0% to 48.0%). Based on the diagnostic method, the prevalence was higher for the combinatorial approach using microscopy, a culture-based approach, and molecular techniques (51.0%) and lowest when solely based on clinical diagnosis (9.0%, 95% CI: 1.0% to 22.0%) or an exclusively culture-based approach (11%, 95% CI: 6.0% to 18.0%). Overall, further study is necessary to accurately characterize the current distribution of VVC across Southeast Asian countries. Developing more effective diagnostic and management strategies is to improve the health of affected women.
Pan-europski kriteriji i indikatori održivog gospodarenja šumama: Institucionalni aspekti i mogućnost primjene u šumarstvu Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine
Authors: Marić Bruno , Brajić Amila , Bećirović Dženan , Delić Sabina , Avdibegović Mersudin
Published: August 2024

Overexploitation of natural resources have caused serious environmental issues, including climate change, biodiversity loss, habitat degradation, and soil and water pollution. The Pan-European criteria and indicators for sustainable forest management offer a tool to monitor progress and report on the sustainability of forest resources at sub-national, national, and regional levels. This paper examines the institutional aspects and possibilities of application of these criteria and indicators in the forestry sector of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FBiH), aiming to improve forestry conditions and develop a coherent forest policy. A survey of 360 forestry experts from FBiH revealed that the majority support the positive impact of implementing the Pan-European criteria and indicators in the forestry sector. It was determined that the Ministry of Agriculture, Water Management, and Forestry of FBiH should be responsible for developing and collecting data related to these criteria and indicators. However, the primary barriers to implementation include a lack of financial resources, expertise, and commitment. While the public forest administration is formally prepared to apply these criteria, its current capacities are inadequate for effective implementation. Strengthening the capacity of the public forest administration is crucial to ensure the application of the Pan-European criteria and indicators for sustainable forest management. This would enable consistent and systematic monitoring and improvement of forest resource conditions and the overall state of the forestry sector in FBiH.
Phytocoenological and ecological typification of the March Mushroom (Hygrophorus marzuolus (Fr.) Bres.) habitat in Bijambare, Sarajevo Canton
Authors: Hasanbegović Anis , Pintarić Dario
Published: August 2024

Biodiversity of mushrooms in FBiH is poorly researched, as well as the areas of distribution and ecological conditions under which mushrooms develop. This is also the case with the March Mushroom, so the main goal of the paper is to present the ecological conditions under which it develops. For the research, we used the Braun-Blanket (1932) method with all necessary parameters related to the selected habitat. These are: phytocenological affiliation, flora element, indicator value, and life form. The abundance of fungi was provided according to Tortić and Lisiewska (1971). Chemical analysis of the soil with basic parameters was also done. March Mushroom was detected in the Abieti-Fagetum in the locality of Motike within the "ZP Bijambare". This is the new site for the March Mushroom. Primary indicator values prevail in the association. Species of the order Fagetalia are the most numerous within the researched association. Hemicryptophytes prevail among the life forms. A total of 25 floral elements from 9 groups were determined. The largest number of species belongs to the sub-Atlantic-sub-Mediterranean group. The floral element with the largest number of determined species is subatl-smed. Fortunately, this locality is quite far from hiking trails, which is important, considering it as an extremely rich site of the March Mushroom.
Prvo dokumentirano razmnožavanje sivog vuka (Canis lupus) na području Dubrovačko-neretvanske županije
Authors: Menalo Nikola
Published: August 2024

Due to the increase in numbers and the lack of quality habitat, the wolf in the Republic of Croatia is expanding its habitat throughout the Dalmatian coast, even reaching the outskirts of settlements. What used to be a secondary habitat for the wolf, in which it only appeared occasionally, is now a primary habitat where reproduction takes place. In a wider area, until now, the occasional existence of a pack of two individuals was considered, and this case is the first documented evidence of reproduction in the investigated location.
Lexical and contextual meaning in Eminem's song lyrics: An analysis of three songs from encore
Authors: Dung Tran Thi Le , Mai Hoa Nguyen Thi
Published: August 2024

This study examines the lexical and contextual meanings in three songs from Eminem's album "Encore": "Mockingbird," "Love You More," and "Mosh." Using a qualitative approach, the research analyzes various types of lexical meanings (synonymy, antonymy, polysemy, hyponymy, and connotation) and contextual factors (situation, purpose, mood, and speaker). The findings reveal Eminem's sophisticated use of language, demonstrating how he employs different linguistic techniques to suit various themes and purposes. Synonymy and antonymy are found to be the most prevalent lexical types, while context of purpose is consistently important across all songs. The study highlights the interplay between lexical choices and contextual factors in creating multi-layered meanings. This analysis provides insight into Eminem's lyrical craftsmanship, explaining how he addresses complex themes within the constraints of song structure. The research contributes to the field of lyrical analysis by demonstrating the value of combining lexical and contextual approaches. It also offers a framework for future studies on linguistic complexity in rap music and broader popular music genres.
Socioeconomic, psychological, and informational dynamics in shaping American public opinion perceptions on climate change
Authors: Ugwuoke Jude Chukwuebuka
Published: August 2024

Climate change remains one of the most pressing challenges of the 21st century, invoking a wide spectrum of public opinions and attitudes. In the United States, sociopolitical, economic, and educational factors influence the public's perception of climate change and its science. This study examines the complexities of American public opinion on climate change by analyzing the relationship between various socio-demographic variables and three specific perceptions: belief in the occurrence of climate change, support for a carbon tax, and the convincingness of climate science. Utilizing logistic and linear regression models on survey data, this study identifies significant predictors for each climate change perception metric. The results indicate that political party affiliation, particularly Republican identification, is inversely related to the belief in climate change and the persuasiveness of climate science. Conversely, educational attainment correlates positively with both the belief in climate change and support for carbon taxation, suggesting that higher education levels foster greater acceptance and proactive attitudes towards climate policy. Gender analysis revealed that males are less inclined to find climate science convincing, highlighting the need for gender-sensitive communication strategies. Interestingly, regional factors showed negligible influence on climate change perceptions, challenging common assumptions about geographical determinants. This study contributes to the discourse on environmental policy and public engagement by delineating the demographic contours of climate change belief systems in the U.S., offering insights for targeted educational and communication strategies to bridge the ideological divide and enhance public consensus for climate action.
DIAGNÓSTICO PREVENÇÃO E ABORDAGEM TERAPÊUTICA DO BURNOUT: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Domingos Gabriela Fonseca , Marcondes Luana França Chaves , Ribeiro Beatriz Pimenta , Silveira Caio Rodrigues , Ferreira Guilherme Henrique Vieira
Published: August 2024

Introdução: O Burnout é uma síndrome cada vez mais relevante nos ambientes de trabalho contemporâneos, afetando profissionais de diversas áreas e causando consequências significativas para a saúde mental e o bem-estar dos indivíduos. A incidência elevada do Burnout está associada a fatores demográficos e ocupacionais, tornando-se um desafio crescente na sociedade moderna. Objetivo: O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar a literatura existente sobre o diagnóstico, prevenção e abordagem terapêutica do Burnout, buscando compreender a complexidade dessa síndrome, identificar fatores de risco e estratégias eficazes de intervenção. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica do tipo narrativa, utilizando descritores MeSH específicos e selecionando artigos de revisão sistemática com ou sem meta-análise publicados nos últimos 20 anos em inglês, português e espanhol na plataforma PubMed. Foram encontrados 177 artigos, dos quais 6 foram incluídos na análise. Além disso, foi utilizada a plataforma ResearchRabbit para facilitar o acesso à literatura cinzenta, adicionando então 14 artigos, somando 20 artigos ao final.  Resultados: A variedade de escalas e instrumentos de medição utilizados para diagnosticar o Burnout, como o Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), e a influência dos critérios na consistência dos diagnósticos. Além disso, foi identificado um estigma associado ao Burnout, dificultando o acesso ao tratamento adequado. Quanto às intervenções terapêuticas, embora a terapia cognitivo-comportamental e programas de mindfulness tenham mostrado benefícios, a sustentabilidade a longo prazo desses efeitos é questionável, evidenciando a necessidade de estratégias personalizadas e mais estudos nessa área. Conclusão: Diante da relevância crescente do Burnout, é fundamental compreender, diagnosticar, prevenir e tratar essa síndrome de forma eficaz. A abordagem terapêutica personalizada e adaptativa se mostra essencial, considerando a variabilidade na resposta individual às intervenções. A superação dos desafios associados ao Burnout requer uma abordagem multidisciplinar e um maior investimento em pesquisas para aprimorar as estratégias de manejo e terapêutica da síndrome.
The Influence of Brand Ambassadors in Building Brand Image and Their Impact on Purchasing Decisions for Scarlett Whitening Products
Authors: Arief Alya Luthfiyyah , Puspasari Tri Ratih , Stellarosa Yolanda
Published: August 2024

The Indonesian cosmetic industry is experiencing significant growth, driven by high consumer demand and an expanding market. This burgeoning industry has attracted several Indonesian celebrities to venture into the cosmetic business. The advancement of technology has subtly transformed the lifestyle of society, especially with the advent of social networks, which have provided business players with numerous marketing strategies that capture public attention. One such strategy is the use of brand ambassadors, who have become increasingly prominent in helping businesses introduce their products. The aim of this research is to understand the impact of brand ambassadors on building brand image and their subsequent effect on purchasing decisions of Scarlett Whitening products. This study utilizes the Elaboration Likelihood Model theory and employs a descriptive quantitative method. The population of the study consists of women aged 18-28 who use Scarlett Whitening products and follow the Instagram account @scarlett_whitening, totaling 100 respondents. The analysis techniques employed in the study include instrument testing, descriptive analysis, classical assumption testing, multiple regression analysis, correlation testing, and the Sobel test. The findings of the research reveal a positive and significant influence of brand ambassadors on both brand image and the purchasing decisions of Scarlett Whitening products. The researcher hopes that Scarlett Whitening will consider this study as a valuable reference in selecting brand ambassadors with similar criteria to enhance their brand image and its impacts. By strategically choosing brand ambassadors who resonate well with the target audience, Scarlett Whitening can strengthen its market position and drive consumer purchase decisions more effectively.
Evaluation of three serum antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae
Authors: Erlandson Keith , Evans Richard , Thacker Brad , Wegner Matthew , Thacker Eileen
Published: August 2024

Objective: To compare the performance of three ELISAs in detecting Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae serum antibodies from M hyopneumoniae-naive and experimentally inoculated pigs. Methods: Archived serum samples from experimentally infected and known seronegative swine were tested using three M hyopneumoniae ELISAs, including a Tween-20 ELISA and two commercially available ELISA tests, the HerdChek Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Idexx Laboratories, Westbrook, Maine) and the DAKO Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae ELISA (DAKO Corporation, Carpenteria, California). Statistical analyses, including kappa coefficients, receiver operating characteristic curves, and covariance of tests, were used to compare the three assays. Results: The sensitivities of all three assays were lower than previously reported in the literature. The blocking ELISA was the most sensitive of these three assays. All three assays had excellent specificity. Using tests in combination increased sensitivity. Implications: Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae ELISA assays may be less sensitive than previously reported, especially for vaccinated animals and animals less than 21 days postinfection. These assays are inefficient at detecting serum antibodies in the early stages of infection; therefore, care should be exercised when interpreting results. Using a combination of tests to increase sensitivity may be valuable for the diagnosis of M hyopneumoniae infection.
Effects of type of machine and covering on viruses and microorganisms recovered from dust in ultrasound machines used in German swine production operations
Authors: Kauffold Johannes , Beckjunker Jochen , Scheller Regina , Schwarz Bernd-Andreas , Beynon Neville , Sobiraj Axel
Published: August 2024

Objectives: To investigate whether dust from the inside of ultrasound machines used for gynecological examinations in German swine production operations harbors viruses and microorganisms, and whether the type of machine and its covering affect internal viral and microbial contamination. Methods: Dust swabs were collected from 18 ultrasound machines of three common types. Five were used completely covered (closed plastic bags or household plastic cling-film), four incompletely covered (with open or perforated plastic bags), and nine uncovered. Swabs were tested for porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) by nested reverse transcriptase-PCR, and for bacteria, fungi, and yeasts by culturing. Eight new unused machines (two or three of each type) served as negative controls. Results: Neither PCV-2 DNA nor yeasts were recovered from any machine. Nine used machines, but no new machines, tested positive for PRRSV RNA. All used machines and two new machines harbored bacteria and fungi. Within the used machines, the type of machine did not affect contamination. Complete covering was most effective in reducing internal contamination with bacteria and fungi. Implications: During their use on swine farms, ultrasound machines of different types may become internally contaminated with the PRRSV and numerous microorganisms. A cover that would completely eliminate contact with air might be effective in preventing PRRSV contamination of these machines. Biosecurity procedures should be established for use of ultrasound machines on swine farms, including their complete covering with intact plastic bags.
Alternatives to the use of antimicrobial feed additives in nursery diets: A pilot study
Authors: Ragland Daryl , Schneider Jessica , Amass Sandra , Hill Michael
Published: August 2024

Objective: To evaluate the effect of inorganic minerals and probiotics on pig performance and antimicrobial resistance. Materials and methods: Ninety-six crossbred pigs 17 to 20 days old were randomly assigned to six experimental diets. A non-medicated basal diet was supplemented with carbadox (55.12 g per tonne), copper sulfate (192.40 g copper per tonne), zinc oxide (2712.68 g zinc per tonne), or the probiotic feed additive BioPlus2B (Chr Hansen Inc, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; 1.1 x 106 or 1.3 x 106 spores per gram of feed). Pigs were weighed weekly and feed consumption was monitored to assess performance. Rectal swabs were collected for isolation of enterococci to evaluate antimicrobial resistance. Isolates were screened for resistance to vancomycin, and the broth microdilution procedure was used to determine minimum inhibitory concentration breakpoints. Results: The zinc oxide diet promoted the heaviest bodyweights and greatest feed consumption (P < .05). Feed:gain was similar for pigs fed the diets supplemented with carbadox, BioPlus2B at 1.3 x 106 spores per gram, copper sulfate, and zinc oxide. Enterococcal isolates were highly susceptible to vancomycin at the start and end of the study. Implications: Zinc oxide may sustain acceptable pig performance as the sole growth promotant in nursery diets. BioPlus2B in nursery pig diets did not enhance growth or feed utilization. In this study, the young pig did not represent a significant reservoir of vancomycin-resistant enterococci.
Ringworm in lactating sows
Authors: Pittman Jeremy , Roberts John
Published: August 2024

A 100-sow farrow-to-feeder farm with an outdoor gestation lot had a 4-year history of ring-like skin lesions in lactating sows. On average, 90% of sows in each 5-week batch developed lesions within a week of entering the farrowing house. Lesions beginning as 2- to 3-cm circles of dark, crusty skin coalesced into larger areas on the back, sides, and ventral abdomen. No etiologic agent was identified in hair shafts and skin biopsies in initial samples. A second sampling revealed diffuse fungal elements in exfoliated epidermis. The tentative diagnosis was ringworm. Control strategies were limited by cost and labor constraints defined by the producer. Goals agreed upon included reducing the number of organisms in the farrowing house and the number that entered the farrowing house on the sows, and limiting recontamination of the environment by aggressively treating lesions. Sows were thoroughly washed before entering the farrowing house. Washing and disinfecting protocols used in the farrowing house and topical treatment of lesions were improved. Prevalence of lesions in the next farrowing group was 30%, and in subsequent groups remained < 10%. The average number of lesions per sow decreased from > 20 to < 5, and lesions were much smaller.
Effects of yeast extract versus animal plasma in weanling pig diets on growth performance and intestinal morphology
Authors: Carlson M , Veum T , Turk J
Published: August 2024

Objectives: To evaluate the effects on growth performance and intestinal morphology when the nursery diet is supplemented with dried yeast extract protein (YP) or spray-dried animal plasma (AP) protein. Methods: In Experiment One (144 pigs) and Experiment Two (84 pigs), pigs were assigned at weaning (Day 0; approximately 19 days of age) to one of three diets with or without carbadox (55 mg per kg). The Control diet was used to create the other two diets by addition of AP or YP at 5.0% (Days 1 to 14) or 2.5% (Days 15 to 28). In Experiment Two, 42 pigs that had received AP, YP, or Control diets in the nursery were fed similar four-phase grower and finisher diets, without antimicrobials, to market weight (Day 130). Results: Overall, ADG and average daily feed intake were higher (P < .05) in pigs fed nursery diets containing AP or YP, compared to Control pigs. On Day 28, crypt depth and total intestinal wall thickness were smaller (P < .05) in pigs fed AP or YP diets, and villus width and lamina propria area were smaller (P < .05) in pigs fed the YP diet, than in Controls. Pigs fed the YP nursery diet had greater ADG to market weight than pigs that had been fed AP (P = .04) or Control nursery diets (P = .01). Implications: Nursery-pig growth performance was better when AP or YP was fed, and subsequent grower and finisher performance was better in pigs fed YP in the nursery.
Tiamulin and narasin toxicosis in nursery pigs
Authors: Carpenter Jane , Charbonneau George , Josephson Gaylan
Published: August 2024

This case report describes a clinical case of tiamulin and narasin toxicosis in a group of nursery pigs, caused by the inadvertent introduction of narasin at 83.1 g per tonne into a ration containing tiamulin at 31.4 g per tonne. The affected pigs were anorexic and showed signs of weakness, depression, ataxia, and incoordination to the point of recumbency, without paddling or other neurological signs. Pathologically, a diffuse, extensive degenerative myopathy was present. The feed-mixing error was caused by a mechanical problem with the micro-ingredient discharge equipment at the feed mill. Steps were taken by the feed manufacturer to correct and prevent the occurrence of another incident.
Efficacy of a chlortetracycline feed additive in reducing pneumonia and clinical signs induced by experimental Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae challenge
Authors: Thacker Eileen , Thacker Brad , Wolff Teddi
Published: August 2024

Objectives: To determine the efficacy of a chlortetracycline (CTC) feed additive on pneumonia and clinical signs induced by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in an experimental challenge model. Methods: Three groups of pigs (12 pigs per group) were challenged with M hyopneu-moniae (Day 0). Two groups received feed containing CTC at 550 g per tonne (500 g per ton; 22 mg per kg of bodyweight) for 14 days, starting either on Day -3 (prior to challenge) or at onset of clinical signs (Day 10). Pigs were evaluated daily for clinical disease (coughing), and all were necropsied on Day 29. Percentage of lung affected by pneumonia, number of organisms isolated from lung tissue, and serum antibodies (ELISA) were measured. Results: Pigs fed CTC starting before inoculation had significantly fewer coughing days and less pneumonia than either of the other groups. Pigs in both CTC-medicated groups had significantly fewer M hyopneu-moniae organisms at necropsy than non-medicated pigs. At necropsy, 50% of control pigs were seropositive for M hyopneumoniae antibodies, while none of the CTC-treated pigs had seroconverted. Implications: Under the conditions of this study, in pigs challenged with M hyopneu-moniae, less severe clinical signs and pneumonia occur and fewer organisms may be isolated from lung tissue when treatment with CTC begins before challenge rather than after the onset of clinical signs. In addition, fewer organisms may be isolated from lung tissue of pigs treated with CTC beginning with the onset of clinical signs, compared to untreated pigs. In-feed CTC may be effective against mycoplasmal pneumonia.
Ovarian follicular development, estrus, and ovulation in seasonally anestrous sows treated seven days post weaning with equine and human chorionic gonadotropins
Authors: Bracken C , Seaman-Bridges J , Safranaski Tim , Lucy M
Published: August 2024

Seasonally anestrous sows were identified on day 7 after weaning and treated either with equine and human chorionic gonad-otropins or saline (control). Gonadotropin treatment stimulated ovarian follicular development, and more treated sows than controls expressed estrus, were inseminated, ovulated, and became pregnant within 1 week after treatment.