bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimalisasi Kapasitas dan Tingkat Pelayanan di Koridor Jalan Raya Bogor Segmen Pasar Cisalak
Authors: Darius Reinaldy T Y , Mulyono Tri , Hadi Winoto
Published: January 2021

This research is a analysis of capacity and level of service at Jalan Raya Bogor segment Cisalak Market in existing condition with a purpose to optimize it based on rule that already assigned in Highway Capacity Manual (MKJI) year 1997. The result of analysis showed that capacity of Jalan Raya Bogor segment Cisalak Market can be optimize if its does not affect by market activity, from 3307 smp/hour to Jakarta become 3596,36 smp/hour. The direction to Bogor also having incresement from 2696,52 smp/hour become 3329,04 smp/hour.The degree of saturation and level of service direction to Jakarta can be upgraded from 0,47 (C) become 0,43 (B) at Sunday morning if its does not affect by the activity of the market, also in Monday morning which is restrained in LoS E with Ds 0,85 become 0,79 or in LoS D and in Monday afternoon with LoS D (0,76) become C (0,69). Meanwhile direction to Bogor can be upgraded in Saturday afternoon from LoS C (0,61) become B with the number of Ds 0,49, then in Sunday morning and afternoon also Monday morning respectively can be upgraded from C to B. Last but not least, in Monday afternoon into LoS C with number of degree of saturation is 0,62 from LoS D with 0,76.
Resilience in the Orthopaedic Patient
Authors: Otlans Peters T. , Szukics Patrick F. , Bryan Sean T. , Tjoumakaris Fotios P. , Freedman Kevin B.
Published: January 2021

➤ Resilience is a dynamic psychological construct that refers to the ability to adapt and improve when facing adversity or other stressors.

➤ Recent investigations in various orthopaedic subspecialties have demonstrated that resilience may contribute to favorable mental health and physical function after a surgical procedure.

➤ More research, using well-designed prospective studies, is necessary to better define the role that resilience and other factors play in the health and outcomes of patients with orthopaedic conditions.

➤ Orthopaedic surgeons can consider incorporating resilience assessments into their practices to aid in identifying patients who will do well with a surgical procedure and those who may benefit from specialized therapy to optimize their health and function.
Vertebral Artery Injury in the Cervical Spine
Authors: Ramamurti Pradip , Weinreb Jeffrey , Fassihi Safa C. , Rao Raj , Patel Shalin
Published: January 2021

Update

This article was updated on January 13, 2023, because of a previous error. On page 3, in the section entitled “Atypical Anatomy,” the sentence that had read “An intraforaminal anomaly, also known as VA tortuosity, refers to medial migration of the VA to <15 mm lateral to the uncovertebral joint of the vertebral body18.” now reads “An intraforaminal anomaly, also known as VA tortuosity, refers to medial migration of the VA to <1.5 mm lateral to the uncovertebral joint of the vertebral body18.”

An erratum has been published: JBJS Rev. 2023;11(1):e20.00118ER.

» Although rare, injury to the vertebral artery (VA) can occur after blunt trauma or iatrogenically during surgery. Clinicians should be aware of the anatomic variants of the VA, the presence of which may increase the risk of iatrogenic VA injury (VAI).

» If VAI is suspected following blunt trauma, rapid identification via advanced imaging modalities, such as computed tomography angiography, can help clarify the site of injury and guide management.

» VAI can be classified according to the Denver grading scale for blunt cerebrovascular injury, ranging from grade I to grade V, which includes intimal narrowing, pseudoaneurysm formation, complete occlusion, and arterial transection.

» Treatment modalities remain controversial and include anticoagulation, endovascular interventions, surgical tamponade, ligation, and microvascular repair. The choice of treatment is influenced by the setting of the injury (iatrogenic injury in the operating room versus blunt trauma in the field) and the laterality of the dominant VA with respect to brain perfusion.
Apóstoles del proletariado andaluz. Panorama de la edición libertaria en Andalucía (1903-1936)
Authors: Admin Ojs
Published: January 2021

La preeminencia que tuvo el anarquismo como movimiento social en Andalucía durante más de cincuenta años, hasta la Guerra Civil, ha sido abordada por numerosos especialistas, aunque por lo general no se ha considerado de manera suficiente la importancia de su proyecto educativo y cultural. En el presente trabajo se analiza el alcance y las dimensiones del entramado editorial libertario en Andalucía como clave para la construcción de una alternativa cultural propia, específicamente obrera, que alejara al proletariado de la tutela burguesa, como paso previo y necesario para la revolución.
Florencio Sevilla. Elogio de la edición
Authors: Admin Ojs
Published: January 2021

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Obras completas, tomo VII. Poesía | Benito Jerónimo Feijoo
Authors: Admin Ojs
Published: January 2021

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Nuestro futuro está en el aire. Aviones en la literatura española | Rafael Alarcón Sierra (ed.)
Authors: Admin Ojs
Published: January 2021

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Matices. Antología poética (1974-2016) | Diego Martínez Torrón
Authors: Admin Ojs
Published: January 2021

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The role of lymphocyte-monocyte ratio on axial spondyloarthritis diagnosis and sacroiliitis staging
Authors: Wang Jing , Su Jinyu , Yuan Yuan , Jin Xiaxia , Shen Bo , Lu Guoguang
Published: January 2021

Background: Axial spondyloarthritis (axial SpA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder could lead to disability due to the failure of timely treatment. The role of lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) in axial SpA remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of LMR in axial SpA diagnosis, disease activity classification and sacroiliitis staging.Methods: Seventy-eight axial SpA patients [51males and 27 females; mean age 41.0 (29–52) years] and 78 healthy controls (HCs) [55males and 23 females; mean age 40 (30-53) years] were enrolled in this study. The diagnosis of axial SpA was performed according to the New York criteria or the Assessment of Spondyloarthritis international Society (ASAS) classification criteria, whereas the staging of sacroiliitis in axial SpA patients was determined by X-ray examination. Comparisons of LMR levels between groups were performed using t test. Pearson or Spearman correlation analysis were used to assess correlations between LMR and other indicators. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine the role of LMR in the diagnosis of axial SpA.Results: Higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR), red blood cell distribution width(RDW), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR), mean platelet volume(MPV), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein(CRP) levels and lower red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), Hematocrit (Hct), LMR, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL) and albumin/globulin (A/G) levels were noted in axial SpA patients compared to HCs. Positive correlations were observed between LMR and RBC, Hb, Hct and A/G, whereas negative correlations were found between LMR and NLR, PLR, AST, and TBIL (P< 0.05). ROC curves showed that the area under the curve (AUC) for LMR in the diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis was 0.803 (95% CI =0.734-0.872) with a sensitivity and specificity of 62.8% and 87.2%, respectively, and the AUC (95% CI) for the combination of ESR, CRP and LMR was 0.975 (0.948-1.000) with a sensitivity and specificity of 94.9% and 97.4%, respectively. LMR levels were lower (P<0.05) and significant differences in LMR values were observed among different stages (P<0.05).Conclusions: Our study suggested that LMR might be an important inflammatory marker to identify axial SpA and assess disease activity and X-ray stage of sacroiliitis.
PCR Instrument-assisted Acidolysis for Monosaccharide Composition Analysis of Serum Glycans
Authors: Zhang Yiran , Zhang Meng , Zhang Lijuan
Published: January 2021

This protocol describes the procedures where a PCR instrument-assisted acidolysis is used for releasing monosaccharides from serum glycans. The monosaccharide composition analysis is subsequently obtained by a HPLC method that separates and quantifies all 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (PMP)-labeled monosaccharides in 10 μl serum in 20 minutes. The rapid heating, precise temperature control, and gradient heating properties of PCR instrument provides with consistent acidolysis and derivatization conditions for up to 96 samples simultaneously. The described workflow takes approximately 4–5 h, up to 72 serum samples can be analyzed with one HPLC instrument per day.
An optimized protocol for Isolation, Expansion and Activation of Natural Killer cells from human Adipose Tissue
Authors: Shoae-Hassani Alireza , Sadeghi Mohammadreza , Mohseni Rashin , Keyhanvar Peyman
Published: January 2021

Adipose tissue has a heterogeneous cell population consists of adipocytes, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), endothelial cells, pericytes, fibroblasts and etc. Also, it harbors immune cell types including macrophages, neutrophils, mast cells, dendritic cells, B cells, T cells, NK and NKT cells. In obese patients, there is a different cell homing pattern in AT. We have developed a protocol for NK cell isolation and expansion from AT as follows: 1) harvesting stromal vascular fraction, 2) negative selection of NK cells with MACS, 3) Expansion in a closed system bag on the constant shake, 4) Chemokine activation and 5) cytotoxicity evaluation test of the final product. The entire process with a population of ten billion CD16+ NK cells last only less than 16 days. We have noticed that a large population of NK cells entrapped in AT, while there is a decrease in NK cells count in their peripheral blood (PB) despite no changes in the total number of mononuclear cells. NK cell population harvested from AT has a different pattern in the expression of some cytotoxicity receptors. So, the AT is an important source for NK cell immunobiology studies.
Universal Health Coverage “Leave No Child Behind “
Authors: Siderius Liesbeth , Neubauer David , Bhattacharya Anjan , Altorjai Péter , Margvelashvili Lali , Lamabadusuriya Sanath , Wierzba Jolanta , Mazur Artur , Albrecht Piotr , Tasic Velibor
Published: January 2021

Aim: Multiple stakeholders are involved in achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC) as part of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). The estimated over 90 million children with disabilities are among the most vulnerable members of the world’s population. We questioned :‘What would be the least paediatricians could do to contribute to the UHC?’ Methods: In a cross sectional study an international network of paediatricians engaged in children with disabling and rare conditions was questioned on eight of the UHC statements regarding child health in relation to primary care services, availability and affordability of diagnostics and therapies as well as digital health. Results: Responders from Europe and Israel, Asia and the US practice in primary (ambulatory) care, secondary (hospital) care, tertiary (university hospital) care. According to 39/48 (81%) respondents promotion of paediatric primary care could reduce mortality and morbidity according to. Paediatricians could play an active role in providing quality information to increase access to health services for children with disabilities according to 40/48 (83%) responders. Improved data exchange is necessary to deliver primary care as a cornerstone according to 38/48 (79%) responders. Respondents practising in middle economy countries reported significantly more frequently than their colleagues in high economies countries about “out of pocket” payments for diagnostics and therapies as well as reduced availability. All respondents agreed that taking no action to support the achievement of UHC, is not an option. Conclusion: The economic gap in diagnostic and therapeutic facilities in paediatric practice should be considered in achieving UHC. An international paediatric network should support achieving the UHC by providing adequate paediatric training and quality (digital) information.
Knowledge levels and awareness about rational antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance before and after graduation
Authors: Kose Adem , Colak Cemil
Published: January 2021

Objective Irrational use of antibiotics may adversely affect the treatment outcomes or even lead to increased antimicrobial resistance. We aimed to evaluate the level of theoretical knowledge of rational antibiotic use and awareness about antimicrobial resistance among the senior students at a medical school and the family physicians.Methods This study was cross-sectional research and was carried out between 01 February-30 April 2019 in Malatya province. Two-hundred twenty-five senior students in the Inonu University Medical School (Group 1) and 230 actively-working family physicians in Malatya primary healthcare services who were found eligible (Group 2). Power analysis was calculated as the minimum of 240 participants when considering a proportion difference of 0.18 between the groups, a type I error of 0.05 and a type II error of 0.20. A p<0.05 value was considered to be statistically significant.Results Researchers argued that penal sanctions can be more effective by developing strict use policies to raise awareness of resistance to antimicrobials. Group 2 had higher self-confidence, and it was also concluded that they forgot their theoretical antibiotic knowledge over time, and they could not follow the current information because of the intensity of their working life. Both groups stated that post-graduation training could be used effectively for reducing antimicrobial resistance.Conclusions This study attempted to increase awareness to determine the difference in theoretical knowledge levels and behavior models of physicians before and after graduation. Sustainable antibiotic training for doctors after graduation will contribute positive effects to antimicrobial resistance and rational use of antibiotics.
Scientific Worldview Differences Between Allopathic Medical Degree and East Asian Medicine Degree Students
Authors: Dudla Saikaew , Herron Patrick , Marantz Paul , Milan Felise , Campbell Corbin , Anderson Belinda
Published: January 2021

Background Integrative medicine has become a new healthcare model due to the growing evidence base for complementary and integrative therapies. However, some question whether complementary and integrative therapies can truly be integrated with biomedicine due to differences in underlying paradigms and theoretical bases. This study aimed to explore differences in scientific worldviews between students studying East Asian medicine and those completing an allopathic medical degree using the validated Thinking about Science Survey Instrument (TSSI).Methods 122 medical students from Albert Einstein College of Medicine (Einstein) and 48 East Asian medicine students from the Pacific College of Health and Science (Pacific College) participated in this study. Participants completed the TSSI, a 60-item Likert-scale instrument that quantitatively measures the sociocultural resistance to, and support for science. Item and category means were compared for each group using the two-sample t-test.Results Einstein students were generally supportive of science and Pacific College students were generally supportive of/positively neutral to science. Einstein students more strongly affirmed the relationship of science in relation to the categories of Epistemology, Public Health, Emotion and Aesthetics, the Economy, and Public Policy. Pacific College students more strongly affirmed the relationship between science and the category Race and Gender. There were no differences in the categories of Environment and Resource, Science for All, and Religion and Morality.Conclusion This study suggests that there are differences underlying the scientific worldviews of Einstein and Pacific College students, particularly with regard to Epistemology and Public Health. Such differences may be related to the different theoretical knowledge bases and ways of viewing health within the two disciplines. Our study also suggests that both groups may be receptive to the value of other paradigms. Providing courses that focus on different therapeutic approaches and paradigms during medical training may foster interprofessional understanding and collaboration between providers of different medical disciplines.
Spatial feasibility of large-scale farming for sustainable agriculture in China
Authors: Gu Baojing , Duan Jiakun , Ren Chenchen , Wang Sitong , Zhang Xiuming , Reis Stefan , Xu Jianming
Published: January 2021

China’s agricultural sector is dominated by smallholder farms, which exhibit relatively low nutrient use efficiency, low agricultural income and substantial non-point source pollution. Here, by integrating data from over 40,000 rural surveys, ecological modelling, and geostatistical analysis, we found that 86% of Chinese croplands could be consolidated to establish a large-scale farming regime with an average field size greater than 16 hectares. This would result in a 42% reduction of total nitrogen input, an 18% increase of nitrogen use efficiency, and a 55% reduction in labor requirement, while doubling labor income. Despite requiring a one-time investment of approximate 370 billion US dollars for land consolidation, agricultural profits overall would double due to agricultural production costs being halved. It is spatially feasible and cost-effective to consolidate small land patches for transformation of smallholder to large-scale farming that makes a substantial contribution to attaining sustainable agricultural development in China.
Adipose tissue is a predictor of 30-days mortality in patients with bloodstream infection caused by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae 
Authors: cai weiyang , ying piaopiao , ye yinchai , ye jianzhong , chen jiajing
Published: January 2021

Background

Prevalence of CRKP bloodstream infection with high mortality has attached physicians' attention. High-VAT and high-SAT were confirmed by previous studies that closely related to increased pneumonia severity, more complications, and higher mortality in COVID-19. Thus, we speculate that CT-quantified body composition may also be connected to all-cause mortality and bacterial clearance in patients with CRKP bloodstream infection.
Methods

We investigated the associations of CT-quantified body composition with CRKP bloodstream infectious patients. All of the CT images were obtained at the level of the L3/4 spinal level. The prognostic value of the body composition was analyzed using the Cox regression model, and precise clinical nomograms were established.
Results

Factors associated with 30-day all-in hospital mortality included TAT [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.028, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.004–1.053; p = 0.028], age [OR = 1.031, 95% CI, 1.001–1.062; p = 0.046] and SOFA score [OR = 1.137, 95% CI 1.047–1.235; p = 0.002]. Compared with low-VAT, patients with high-VAT show a strikingly poor prognosis in both 30-day mortality (P = 0.0449, Fig. 2A) and all-cause mortality (P = 0.0048, Fig. 2C). The results of TAT were similar with VAT.
Conclusions

Our study suggests that CT-derived composition could be a credible and effective alternative to assess the prognosis of patients with BSIs owing to CRKP. CT-quantified total adipose tissue, age and SOFA scores were independently associated with 30-day all-cause mortality in these severe infectious patients, while skeletal muscle did not have obvious statistical significance.
Illness Perceptions; Mediators and/or Moderators in Disabling Persistent Low Back Pain? A Multiple Baseline Single-Case Experimental Design
Authors: Raaij Edwin , Wittink Harriet , maissan Francois , Twisk Jos , Ostelo Raymond
Published: January 2021

IntroductionIllness Perceptions (IPs) may be important in the management of persistent low back pain. The mediation and/or moderation effect of IPs on primary outcomes in physiotherapy treatment is unknown. MethodsA multiple single-case experimental design, using a matched care physiothetapy intervention, with 3 phases (phases A-B-A’) was used including a 3-month follow up (phase A’). Primary outcomes: pain intensity, physical functioning and pain interference in daily life. Analyzes: linear mixed models, adjusted for fear of movement, catastrophizing, avoidance, sombreness and sleep. ResultsNine patients were included by six different primary care physiotherapists. Repeated measures on 196 data points showed that IPs Consequences, Personal control, Identity, Concern and Emotional response had a mediation effect on all three primary outcomes. The IP Personal control acted as a moderator for all primary outcomes, with clinically relevant improvements at 3-month follow up.ConclusionThis is the first study to shed some light in the mediating effects of IPs on the outcome of a matched care physiotherapy treatment. At baseline, assessing Personal control is relevant to determine the outcome prognosis of successful physiotherapy management of persistent low back pain.
Rigorous Method of Weights Calculation in Adjustment of Measurement Data with Different Qualities
Authors: Xiaoming Ye , Shijun Ding
Published: January 2021

In the traditional measurement theory, precision is defined as the dispersion of measured value, and is used as the basis of weights calculation in the adjustment of measurement data with different qualities, which leads to the trouble that trueness is completely ignored in the weight allocation. In this paper, following the pure concepts of probability theory, the measured value (observed value) is regarded as a constant, the error as a random variable, and the variance is the dispersion of all possible values of an unknown error. Thus, a rigorous formula for weights calculation and variance propagation is derived, which solves the theoretical problem of determining the weight values in the adjustment of multi-channel observation data with different qualities. The results show that the optimal weights are not only determined by the covariance array of observation errors, but also related to the model of adjustment.
Mathematical Model of Human Semicircular Canal Spatial Attitude 
Authors: Wu Shu-zhi , Lin Ping , Zheng Yan-yan , Zhou Yi-fei , Yang Xiao-kai
Published: January 2021

Located deep in the temporal bone, the semicircular canal is a subtle structure that requires a spatial coordinate system for measurement and observation. In this study,Fifty-five semicircular canal and eyeball models were obtained by segmentation of MRI data. The spatial coordinate system was established by taking the top of the common crus and the bottom of eyeball as the horizontal plane. Firstly, the plane equation is calculated according to the centerline of the semicircular canals. Then, according to the parameters of the plane equation, the plane normal vectors are obtained. Finally, the average unit normal vector of each semicircular canal plane can be obtained by calculating the average value of the vectors. It is more intuitive and accurate to calculate the average normal vector of semicircular canal plane with the vector average method, which is different from the angular average method in different degrees. The mathematical model of semicircular canal spatial attitude established in this study is more reliable, which can guide the vestibular function examination, and also help guide the diagnosis and treatment of BPPV.
Association Between Polymorphism at IGF-1 rs35767 Gene Locus and Long-term Decline in Renal Function: A Retrospective, Cross-sectional, Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Honda Kosuke , Kuriyama Satoru , Ichida Kimiyoshi , Nakano Tomoko , Sugano Naoki , Yokoo Takashi
Published: January 2021

Background: Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) acts on glucose and protein metabolism and human growth and also influences blood pressure and renal function. This study investigated whether the single-nucleotide polymorphism of IGF-1, rs35767, plays a role in metabolic syndrome indicators, including blood pressure, glucose metabolism, uric acid levels, and renal function.Methods: In this retrospective, cross-sectional, longitudinal cohort study, blood samples from 2601 Japanese individuals were collected and used for genotyping for variant rs35767: T > C in the IGF-1 upstream promoter. Data were analyzed to identify associations between IGF-1 genotypes and patient biochemical parameters, including the components of metabolic syndrome and the long-term change in renal function.Results: The cohort rs35767 genotypes included 1124 CC carriers (43.2 %), 1180 TC carriers (45.4 %), and 297 TT carriers (11.4 %). Multiple regression analysis revealed no association between IGF-1 genotype and systolic blood pressure, glycated hemoglobin level, and serum uric acid level. However, in females, diastolic blood pressure and mean blood pressure were negatively correlated with the TT genotype. In a cross-sectional analysis, factors associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate included higher mean blood pressure and glycated hemoglobin level. Longitudinal observation revealed that the decline in eGFR over 10 years was greater in TT (−18.5 ± 1.04 mL/min/1.73m2) than in CC carriers (−16.4 ± 0.52 mL/min/1.73m2; P < 0.05).Conclusion: The present study suggests that renal function declines faster in individuals with the TT genotype at the IGF-1 rs35767 locus than in those with the CC genotype, suggesting that the TT genotype is associated with the long-term chronological decline in renal function.
Association Between Changes in Hip-knee-ankle Angle and Hindfoot Alignment After Total Knee Arthroplasty for Varus Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Diao Naicheng , Yu Fei , Yang Bo , Ma Lifeng , Yin Heyong , Guo Ai
Published: January 2021

Background: The change in hip-knee-ankle (HKA) angle after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) may cause an adjustment in hindfoot alignment (HFA). However, the relationship between the changes in HKA angle and HFA is still not well studied. This study aimed to investigate the association between HKA angle and hindfoot alignment changes after TKA for varus knee osteoarthritis.Methods: A prospective study was carried out in which 108 patients with varus knee deformities were radiographically and clinically evaluated before and 3 months after TKA. The relationship of change in HFA with correction in HKA angle was investigated.Results: The results showed that the HFA was adjusted significantly by 3 months after TKA (p < 0.001), along with improved American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle hindfoot score (p < 0.001). Next, a univariate correlation and linear regression analysis showed that the change in HFA was weakly correlated with the change in HKA angle (r=-0.262, β=-0.14, 95% CI: -0.23 to -0.04, P=0.006). Further stratified analysis and interaction tests revealed that age has a distinct effect on the correlation between the changes in HFA and HKA angle. The correlation was dramatically greater in the group under 65 years (r=-0.474, β=-0.26, 95% CI: -0.41 to -0.12, P=0.001), whilst, no correlation was observed in those above 65 years old (r=-0.036, β=-0.02, 95% CI: -0.14 to 0.11, P=0.779). Conclusion: Our findings indicated that correction of HKA after TKA tend to promote adjustment in the hindfoot alignment toward re-balance of the whole lower limb weight-bearing axis. However, this mechanism obviously weakens in elderly patients. Therefore, if apparent hindfoot deformity exists in these patients before TKA, more perioperative intervention is required for hindfoot adjustment, and even HKA undercorrection may be considered.
Ocular Surface Pathology in Patients Suffering From Mercury Intoxication Is Consistent With Neurogenic Dry Eye Disease
Authors: Cañadas Pilar , Dorville Yrbani Lantigua , Enríquez-de-Salamanca Amalia , Fernandez Itziar , Pastor-Idoate Salvador , Sobas Eva M. , Dueñas Antonio , Pérez-Castrillón José Luis , Pastor J. Carlos , Calonge Margarita
Published: January 2021

Purpose: To report ocular surface pathology of patients with acute/subacute mercury intoxication.Methods: Male workers intoxicated with inorganic mercury were examined for dry eye (DE)-related symptoms. Examinations included Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire; tear osmolarity, tear break-up time (T-BUT) and production; mechanical and thermal corneal sensitivity; corneal nerve and dendritic cell density analysis; and analysis of 23 tear cytokines.Results: Most patients, 63.6%, had severe DE-related symptoms. Tear osmolarity was elevated in 83.4%, and T-BUT was low in 22.7% of patients. Tear production and tear lysozyme concentration were low in 13.6% and 27.3% of cases, respectively. Corneal sensitivity thresholds for mechanical, heat and cold stimuli were higher than controls. Densities of nerves, nerve branching, and dendritic cells were lower than in controls. Patient tear levels of IL-12p70, IL1-RA, RANTES, and VEGF were increased, whereas EGF, IL-6, and IP-10/CXCL10 were decreased. Based on cytokine levels, two clusters of patients were identified. Cluster 2 patients had significantly increased tear levels of 18 cytokines, decreased tear lysozyme, lower nerve branching density, fewer dendritic cells, and higher urine mercury levels.Conclusions: Mercury poisoning produced previously undescribed ocular surface pathology, similar to neurogenic inflammatory type of DE and different from the more common DE subtypes.
Case of a lung collision tumor consisting of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: SASAKI Masato , SAKON Kayo , TANAKA Kaede , MIZUNAGA Tae , YANO Keita , KAWAMURA Yuuko , OKADA Akitoshi , IKEDA Takeshi , TANABE Sawaka , TAKAMORI Atsushi , YAMADA Narihisa , MORIOKA Kouichi , KOSHIJI Takaaki
Published: January 2021

Background The collision tumor consisted of two malignant tumors that independently developed and were contiguous or had invaded each other. Among the reports of malignant collision tumors, collision tumors consisting of lung cancer and malignant lymphoma are extremely rare. We report case of a lung collision tumor consisting of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.Case presentationA 74-year-old man was admitted to the hospital due to identification of an abnormal nodular shadow in the right upper lobe on chest computed tomography following a chest X-ray. At the time of admission, a swollen lymph node of 7 cm × 5 cm was palpated in the left neck, and serum examination showed an abnormally high level of soluble interleukin-2 receptor. Close examination led to a diagnosis of stage IA squamous cell carcinoma of the lung and stage IVA malignant lymphoma, and treatment for the malignant lymphoma was prioritized. However, due to progression of lung cancer, a right upper lobectomy with lymph node dissection was performed. Pathological findings showed that squamous cell carcinoma and malignant lymphoma were both present in the same lesion.ConclusionOnly two cases of collision tumors consisting of malignant lymphoma and primary lung cancer were reported [1] [2] and this case is considered to be the third rare case in the world. As the rate of complications with other malignancies in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is high, in the case of advanced stage malignant lymphoma, physicians must consider which treatment should be prioritized according to the degree of progression of coexisting solid tumors.
MiR-3168, miR-6125, and miR-4718 as Potential Predictors of Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Quintanilha Julia , Cursino Maria , Borges Jessica , Torso Nadine , Bastos Larissa , Oliveira Juliana , Cobaxo Thiago , Pincinato Eder , Hirata Mario , Geraldo Murilo , Lima Carmen , Moriel Patricia
Published: January 2021

No biomarker is available for identifying cancer patients at risk of developing nephrotoxicity when treated with cisplatin. We performed microRNA (miRNA) sequencing using plasma collected five days after cisplatin treatment (D5) from twelve patients with head and neck cancer with and without nephrotoxicity (grade ≥2 increased serum creatinine). The most differentially expressed miRNAs between the two groups were selected for quantification at baseline and D5 in a larger cohort of patients. The association between miRNAs and nephrotoxicity was evaluated by calculating the odds ratio (OR) from univariate logistic regression. Receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) were used to estimate the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity. MiR-3168 (p=1.98×10−8), miR-4718 (p=4.24×10−5), and miR-6125 (p=6.60×10−5) were the most differentially expressed miRNAs and were further quantified in 43, 48, and 53 patients, respectively. The baseline expression of miR-3168 (p=0.0456, OR=1.03, 95% CI: 1.00–1.06) and miR-4718 (p=0.0388, OR=1.56, 95% CI: 1.03–2.46) were associated with an increased risk of nephrotoxicity, whereas miR-6125 showed a trend (p=0.0618, OR=1.73, 95% CI: 0.98–3.29). MiR-4718 showed the highest AUC (0.77, 95% CI: 1.74–5.8) with sensitivity of 66.76 and specificity of 79.49. We therefore report baseline plasma miRNAs as potential predictors of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.
Migraine and the risk of stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Shu Mei-Jun , Wan Meng-Yao , Zhang Ding-Ding , Shen Hang , Zhu Yi-Cheng
Published: January 2021

Background and Purpose

The relationship between migraine status and stroke risk was not determined. This study aims to summarize the existing evidence from prospective cohort studies.
Methods

We searched Pubmed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from inception to Dec 2020, and all retrieved articles were screened by two independent reviewers. We extracted and assessed data by a structured and standardized data extraction form. The effect values were calculated using a random-effects model. This review was prospectively registered with the PROSPERO database (CRD42020197137).
Results

Out of 10,705 records, 19 cohort studies including a combined total of 3,523,235 participants were finally included in the meta-analysis. At a mean of 9.31 years (range 1.4–20 years) follow-up, migraine was associated with an elevated risk of total stroke (pooled RR 1.69, 95%CI 1.36 to 2.11, P < 0.001, I2 = 86%), ischemic stroke (pooled RR 1.46, 95%CI 1.14 to 1.87, P < 0.001, I2 = 95.8%), and hemorrhagic stroke (pooled RR 1.37, 95%CI 1.04 to 1.81, P < 0.001, I2 = 85.9%). The prespecified subgroup analysis found that this kind of relationship existed in migraine with aura (ischemic stroke: pooled RR 1.75, 95%CI 1.35 to 2.29, P < 0.001, I2 = 81.7%; hemorrhagic stroke: pooled RR 1.63, 95%CI 1.26 to 2.10, P = 0.266, I2 = 23.2%), but not migraine without aura.
Conclusions

Our study implies that migraine, particularly migraine with aura, was associated with an increased risk for both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.
Identification of Stem Cell Related Gene Expression From the Osteosarcoma Cell Core Side
Authors: Lim Chaemoon , Roh Young Ho , Yoo Seung Jin , JEONG DONG KEE , Nam Kwang Woo
Published: January 2021

Background: Osteosarcoma is the most frequent primary malignant bone tumor with higher incidences in children and adolescents. Despite clinical evolutions, patients with osteosarcoma have had a poor prognosis. There has been increasing evidence that cancer is a stem cell disease. This study sought to isolate and characterize cancer stem cells from human osteosarcoma with relevant literature reviews. Here we show that the emerging evidence suggests osteosarcoma should be regarded as a differentiation disease such as stem cell disease. Methods: Two human osteosarcoma cell lines were cultured in non-adherent culture conditions as sarcospheres. Sarcospheres were observed using histomorphology and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining. Expression of the embryonic stem cell marker was analyzed with use of Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Results: Sarcospheres could be reproduced consistently throughout multiple passages and produced adherent osteosarcoma cell cultures. Expression of stem cell-associated genes such as Nanog, octamer-binding transcription factor 3/4 (OCT 3/4), sex determining region Y box 2 (SOX2), C-myc and ALP indicated pluripotent stem-like cells. Conclusion: These results support the extension of cancer stem cell theory to include osteosarcoma. Understanding the cancer stem cell of human osteosarcoma could lead to the evolution of diagnosis and treatment for osteosarcoma patients.
Reading-Skill Associated Grey Matter Abnormalities in Dyslexia: Voxel- and Surface-Based Whole-Brain Analysis
Authors: Kujala Teija , Sihvonen Aleksi , Thiede Anja , Palo-Oja Peter , Virtala Paula , Numminen Jussi , Laasonen Marja
Published: January 2021

Developmental dyslexia (DD) is the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder with a substantial negative influence on the individual’s academic achievement and career. Research on its neuroanatomical origins has continued for half a century, yielding, however, inconsistent results, lowered total brain volume being the most consistent finding. We set out to evaluate the grey matter (GM) volume and cortical abnormalities in adult dyslexic individuals, employing a combination of whole-brain voxel- and surface-based morphometry following current recommendations on analysis approaches, coupled with rigorous neuropsychological testing. Whilst controlling for age, sex, total intracranial volume, and performance IQ, we found both decreased GM volume and cortical thickness in the left insula in participants with DD. Moreover, they had decreased GM volume in left superior temporal gyrus, putamen, globus pallidus, and parahippocampal gyrus. Higher GM volumes and cortical thickness in these areas correlated with better reading and phonological skills, deficits of which are pivotal to DD. Crucially, total brain volume did not influence our results, since it did not differ between the groups. Our findings demonstrating abnormalities in brain areas in individuals with DD, which previously were associated with phonological processing, are compatible with the leading hypotheses on the neurocognitive origins of DD.
The TNFRSF13B rs34562254 Polymorphism is Associated with Hepatitis C Infection Risk in the Han Chinese Population
Authors: Fan Haozhi , Fu Zuqiang , Ge Zhijun , Dong Chen , Wang Chunhui , Shen Chao , Li Jun , Yu Rongbin , Zhang Yun , Yue Ming
Published: January 2021

Background

Genetic variations in the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) 13B have been reported to be associated with immune-related diseases. This study aimed to explore the relationship of tumor necrosis factor superfamily (TNFSF) 13, TNFRSF13B, and TNFRSF14 missense mutations with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection susceptibility.
Methods

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TNFSF13 (rs3803800, rs11552708), TNFRSF13B (rs34562254), and TNFRSF14 (rs4870) were genotyped in 469 intravenous drug users, 728 hemodialysis patients, and 1636 paid blood donors using a TaqMan real-time PCR assay. The USCS browser and RNAfold web servers were used to predict the biological functions of these selected SNPs.
Results

After adjusting for gender, age, levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and route of infection, a logistic regression analysis showed that subjects carrying a homozygous TNFRSF13B rs34562254 TT mutant were more likely to be infected by HCV compared to those homozygous with the rs34562254 CC wild type (co-dominant model: OR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.17–1.98, P = 0.002; recession model: OR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.10–1.81, P = 0.007; additive model: OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.07–1.37, P = 0.002). The effect of the risk allele rs34562254-T was stronger in subjects that were female, older (≥ 50 years old), paid blood donors, and with lower ALT and AST levels (≤ 40 U/L). A bioinformatics analysis via the UCSC genome browser found that rs34562254 was located at the highest peak of the H3K4Me1 histone marker. Using the RNAfold web servers, the minimum free energy of the centroid secondary structure was found to be higher for the mutant rs34562254-T allele (-38.90 kcal/mol) than its wild type C allele (-45.60 kcal/mol). Additionally, the RegulomeDB score of rs34562254 was 3a. Altogether, the results of the bioinformatics analysis indicate that rs34562254 may affect gene expression levels by regulating the transcriptional activity of corresponding gene regions.
Conclusions

The rs34562254 polymorphisms in TNFRSF13B were significantly associated with HCV infection among the Han Chinese population.
Verifying Extra-Pulmonary Manifestation of COVID-19 in Firoozgar Hospital 2020: An Observational Study
Authors: Mottaghi Azadeh , Roham Maryam , Makiani Mahin Jamshidi , Ranjbar Mitra , Laali Azadeh , Rahimian.n@iums.ac.ir Neda Rahimian
Published: January 2021

Background: COVID-19 is a new emerging disease that causes a pandemic situation in the world. Corona virus can enter into the body via several ways and it damages other organs of the body in addition to the respiratory system. This study aimed at verifying extra-pulmonary manifestation of COVID-19.Methods: The present study was done as cross-sectional in the single center from March 1 to May 1 2020 at Firoozgar educational hospital in Tehran, Iran. 107 patients with confirmed Covid-19 pneumonia according to WHO interim guidance were recruited in this study. Extra-pulmonary manifestations of COVID-19 were recorded. SPSS, version 26 was used for all analyses.Results: The mean (SD) and median of age was 59.3 (17.4) and 62.0 respectively and 58 (54.2%) were men. Body temperature of patients who were equal or less than 60 years was significantly higher than other patients (39.02 vs. 38.08, p=0001). The most common extra-pulmonary manifestation was GI symptoms included nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, Hepatocellular LFT abnormality, Cholestatic LFT abnormality and Amylase lipase incensement (37 patients (34.6%)). Ophthalmological, cardiac, neurological and dermatological manifestations were shown in 6.5%, 6.5%, 14.9% and 14.0% of patients respectively. Conclusion: Investigating the clinical and radiological symptoms of COVID-19 showed that SARS-CoV-2 infection may also be associated with extrapulmonary symptoms. Therefore, clinicians and radiologists should be familiar with such symptoms of this disease.
Melanin Production and Laccase Mediated Oxidative Stress Alleviation During Fungal-fungal Interaction Among Basidiomycetes Fungi
Authors: Dullah Samim , Hazarika Dibya Jyoti , Goswami Gunajit , Borgohain Tanushree , Ghosh Alokesh , Barooah Madhumita , Bhattacharyya Ashok , Boro Robin Chandra
Published: January 2021

Fungal-fungal interaction often leads to the change in metabolite profile of both the interacting fungus which may have potential implication in industry or agriculture. In the present study, we performed two sets of fungal-fungal interaction - Trametes coccinea (F3) with Leiotrametes lactinea (F9) and Trametes coccinea (F3) with Trametes versicolor (F1) to understand the changes in the metabolite profile during the interaction process and how this process impacts the hyphal/mycelial morphology of the participating fungi. The metabolites produced during interaction of Trametes coccinea (F3) with Leiotrametes lactinea (F9) and Trametes coccinea (F3) with Trametes versicolor (F1) was analysed through Liquid Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectroscopy (LC-MS). Most of the metabolites secreted or produced during interaction are associated with defensive response. Further, visualization with scanning electron microscopy revealed that interaction between the tested fungi led to the change in the hyphal morphology of the one participating fungus. The bipartite fungal interaction resulted in the production of a dark brown colour pigment – melanin as confirmed by the LC-MS, FTIR and NMR analysis. Moreover, the fungal-fungal interaction also led to increase in the production of laccase, a group of multicopper oxidases involved in detoxification of toxic compounds. Further increased activity of superoxide dismutase, an enzyme that catalyzes the dismutation of the superoxide anion to hydrogen peroxide was also recorded during fungal– fungal interaction. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed upregulation of lcc1 (encoding a laccase enzyme) and few other stress related genes of T. versicolor during its hyphal interaction with T. coccinea, suggesting a direct correlation between laccase production and melanin production.
A Predictive in Vitro Risk Assessment Platform for Pro-Arrhythmic Toxicity Using Human 3D Cardiac Microtissues
Authors: Kofron Celinda , Kim Tae Yun , Munarin Fabiola , Soepriatna Arvin , Kant Rajeev , Mende Ulrike , Choi Bum-Rak , Coulombe Kareen
Published: January 2021

Cardiotoxicity of pharmaceutical drugs, industrial chemicals, and environmental toxicants can be severe, even life threatening, which necessitates a thorough evaluation of the human response to chemical compounds. Predicting risks for arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death accurately is critical for defining safety profiles. Currently available approaches have limitations including a focus on single select ion channels, the use of non-human species in vitro and in vivo, and limited direct physiological translation. We have advanced the robustness and reproducibility of in vitro platforms for assessing pro-arrhythmic cardiotoxicity using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and human cardiac fibroblasts in 3-dimensional microtissues. Using automated algorithms and statistical analyses of eight comprehensive evaluation metrics of cardiac action potentials, we demonstrate that tissue-engineered human cardiac microtissues respond appropriately to physiological stimuli and effectively differentiate between high-risk and low-risk compounds exhibiting blockade of the hERG channel (E4031 and ranolazine, respectively). Further, we show that the environmental endocrine disrupting chemical bisphenol-A (BPA) causes acute and sensitive disruption of human action potentials in the nanomolar range. Thus, this novel human 3D in vitro pro-arrhythmic risk assessment platform addresses critical needs in cardiotoxicity testing for both environmental and pharmaceutical compounds and can be leveraged to establish safe human exposure levels.
Different Features of Interleukin-37 and Interleukin-18 as Disease Activity Markers of Adult-onset Still’s Disease
Authors: Nam Seoung Wan , Kang SuMan , Lee Jun Hyeok , Yoo Dae Hyun
Published: January 2021

Backgrounds/Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of serum interleukin (IL)-37 and IL-18 as disease activity markers of adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD) and to compare their related clinical features. Methods: Forty-five patients with a set of high and subsequent low disease activity status of AOSD that fall within a 12-month period were enrolled. Modified Pouchot (mPouchot) score and serologic disease activity markers including serum levels of IL-37 and IL-18 were compared between high and low disease activity status. The relationships between disease activity parameters and differences in serum levels of IL-37 and IL-18 according to the presence of each disease manifestation of AOSD were evaluated in high disease activity status. Results: mPouchot score and all serologic disease activity markers including ESR, CRP, ferritin, IL-37, and IL-18 significantly declined in low disease activity status (p<0.01). Though both serologic cytokines positively correlated with mPouchot score, the two did not correlate with each other in high disease activity status. IL-18 positively correlated with ferritin, AST, and LDH (p<0.05). In contrast, IL-37 correlated better with CRP (p<0.01). The expression level of IL-37 and presence of leukocytosis were closely related. However, the expression level of IL-18 was closely related to presence of pleuritis. pneumonitis, abnormal LFT, and hyperferritinemia. Conclusions: Both IL-37 and IL-18 can be useful serologic markers of AOSD activity, but their pathologic roles in disease activity might be different.