bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evidence for sweep signatures in antibiotic-resistant strains in three species of bacteria
Authors: Pradhananga Anjani , Benitez-Rivera Lorena , Clark Candace , Tisthammer Kaho H. , Pennings Pleuni S.
Published: October 2024

Over the last decades antibiotic resistance has evolved and spread in many different bacterial species. From an evolutionary perspective, drug resistance is an adaptation to a new environment. Population genetic theory predicts that recent adaptations are associated with reduced diversity in the part of the population that carries the adaptive trait, due to a process known as selective sweeps. It is not known if this prediction holds for antibiotic resistance in bacterial species that infect humans. Here, we use a convenience sample of eight datasets covering three species of bacteria (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecium). The eight datasets include multi locus sequence type information and antibiotic resistance phenotypes for between 53 to 1,094 patient samples and between three and 19 different antibiotics. Consistent with selective sweep theory, we find that, in most cases, sequence-type diversity amongst antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains is lower than amongst antibiotic-susceptible strains. Specifically, in 45 out of 59 comparisons (76%), resistant strains were significantly less diverse than susceptible strains. We also observe that while diversity is lower amongst resistant strains, in all cases there were at least several different sequence types amongst the resistant strains, which suggests that we are dealing here with soft sweeps rather than hard sweeps. Finally, we show that sequence-type diversity of antibiotic-resistant strains is lower if resistance is rare, compared to when resistance is common, which is consistent with rare resistance being due to fewer evolutionary origins. To summarize, our results show that for several different bacterial species, diversity of resistant strains is generally reduced, which is consistent with the evolution of resistance driven by selective sweeps stemming from a limited number of evolutionary origins. In future studies, more detailed analysis of such sweep signatures is warranted.
Effects of progessive vs. constant protocol whole-body vibration on muscle activation, pain, disability and functional performance in non-specific chronic low back pain patients: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Zafar Tasneem , Zaki Saima , Alam Md Farhan , Sharma Saurabh , Babkair Reem Abdullah , Nuhmani Shibili
Published: October 2024

Background and Objective

Non-specific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP) is a prevalent condition causing significant disability and functional impairment. Whole-body vibration exercise (WBVE) has emerged as a new treatment method, but additional research is necessary to determine the optimal parameters of WBVE that would be beneficial for patients experiencing chronic low back pain (CLBP). This study aims to investigate the effects of two type of WBVE (constant vs progressive) on pain, disability, functional performance, and muscle activity in patients with NSCLBP.

Methods

Thirty-two individuals diagnosed with chronic low back pain (CLBP) without any specific causes were enrolled and randomly assigned to one of two intervention groups: a constant/fixed protocol WBVE group or a progressive protocol WBVE group. Participants underwent WBVE sessions for around 30 min, thrice weekly over a period of 8 weeks. Primary outcomes assessed included pain intensity, functional disability, functional performance, and electromyographic activity of core musculature, measured at baseline and upon completion of the intervention period. Temporal changes of each outcome variable across different periods and between groups were measured with repeated measures 2×2 mixed ANOVA. Further, the paired t-test was performed to compare pre- and post-treatment values within each group.

Results

Significant improvements were observed in both the constant and progressive WBVE protocol groups. Pain intensity decreased by 64.2% (p < 0.001) in the constant group and by 61.1% (p < 0.001) in the progressive group. Functional disability decreased by 48.1% (p < 0.001) in the constant group and by 53.3% (p < 0.001) in the progressive group. Functional performance improved by 16.5% (p < 0.001) in the constant group and by 16.9% (p < 0.001) in the progressive group. Electromyography (EMG) demonstrated significant improvements across all measured variables except % maximum voluntary isometric contraction (%MVIC) of external obliques (EO) in both intervention groups with time (p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in the magnitude of improvement between the constant and progressive WBVE protocols (p > 0.05), indicating both modalities’ effectiveness in ameliorating CLBP symptoms and associated functional impairments.

Conclusion

The study demonstrates that both progressive and constant WBVE protocols are equally effective in reducing pain and disability in NSCLBP patients. These findings support the inclusion of progressive WBVE in clinical practice, offering a flexible treatment option that can be tailored to individual patient needs, ensuring both tolerability and effectiveness. This contributes valuable evidence towards optimizing WBVE protocols for managing NSCLBP.
Assessment of Electrocardiographic P Wave Dispersion in Individuals with and without Psoriasis: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Nair Laya Jayarajan , Nair Sandhya Somasekharan , Kesavadas Suresh Muthezathu , George Anuja Elizabeth
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Psoriasis is a prevalent, long-lasting inflammatory skin condition characterised by various clinical manifestations and arising from the interaction of genetic, environmental, and immunological factors. It has been found to be associated with several medical conditions, such as hypertension, diabetes, Cardiovascular (CV) diseases, and metabolic syndrome. Aim: To compare the Electrocardiographic P Wave Dispersion (PWD) in individuals with and without psoriasis and to correlate PWD with the Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) score. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital-based crosssectional study comparing the electrocardiographic PWD in 30 patients with psoriasis to that of 30 age- and gender-matched subjects without psoriasis who attended Government Medical College, Trivandrum, Kerala, India, during a period of one year (February 2021 to January 2022). A structured questionnaire was used to record history and examination findings. A 12-lead Electrocardiogram (ECG) was performed on study participants from both groups in a supine position following 15 minutes of rest. Categorical and quantitative variables were expressed as frequency (percentage) and mean±SD, respectively. The Karl Pearson test was used to find correlations. A p-value of ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Ten (33.3%) patients belonged to the age group of 41-50 years. The duration of the disease ranged from six months to 21 years. Seventeen (56.7%) patients had a PASI score between 10-20, and 5 (16.7%) patients had a PASI score of less than 10. The maximum value of the P wave and PWD was higher in the case group and was statistically significant (p≤0.001 and p≤0.001, respectively). A statistically significant correlation was found between the severity of psoriasis and PWD (r=0.564, p≤0.001) and between the duration of psoriasis and PWD (r=0.372, p=0.04) in this study. Conclusion: PWD was found to be higher in psoriasis patients, with a significant correlation between PWD and both the severity and duration of the disease. Therefore, ECG should be considered as a screening test for Atrial Fibrillation (AF) in all psoriasis patients.
Effect of Chlorhexidine and Benincasa Hispida Pretreatment on Microshear Bond Strength of Universal Adhesive System on Dentin: A Pilot Study
Authors: Sajjan Girija S , Swathi Manda Sri , Bhupathi P Arun , Kanumuri Madhu Varma , Satish Rajulapati Kalyan , Alla Rama Krishna , Srija Tippireddy , Shalini CH Uma
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Achieving strong bond strength of adhesive systems to deep dentin is challenging. Various methods to improve bond strength to deep dentin have been investigated. Chlorhexidine (CHX) enhances the longevity of the bond between adhesives and dentin by inhibiting the collagenolytic activity of Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs). Benincasa hispida is a natural plant-based functional food containing minerals and vitamins that help prevent osteoporosis and improve bone health. Aim: To evaluate the Microshear Bond Strength (MSBS) of a 10-methacryloyloxydecyl-dihydrogen Phosphate-based (10- MDP) universal adhesive system to coronal dentin with different dentin surface pretreatments, specifically CHX and Benincasa hispida. Materials and Methods: An in-vitro pilot study was conducted at the Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India, from May 2023 to November 2023. Dentin discs (42) were prepared from human mandibular first molars. A standard etchand-rinse protocol was performed on the discs. The specimens were assigned to different dentin pretreatments: Group-I (no pretreatment), Group-II (CHX) and Group-III (Benincasa hispida). CHX and Benincasa hispida were applied using micro applicator tips. A dentin bonding agent containing 10-MDP (DBA) was applied, photopolymerised and a composite restoration was fabricated. The MSBS to dentin was evaluated using a universal testing machine. The failure patterns were analysed using a stereomicroscope at 10x magnification. One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) HSD tests were used for statistical analysis, with a significance level set at α=0.05. Results: The mean MSBS values were 24.2732±5.41329 MPa for Group-III, 14.3848±4.23492 MPa for Group-II and 6.9724±3.15837 MPa for Group-I. Pretreatment of dentin with B. hispida resulted in significantly higher MSBS values compared to the other two groups (p<0.001*). Conclusion: Pretreatment with B. hispida significantly improved MSBS. Thus, B. hispida pretreatment may be beneficial in increasing dentin bond strength.
Advances in Micropropagation Techniques for Aquascaping Plants: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Baby Greeshma , Rafeekher M. , K.B Soni, , I Priya Kumari , C.R Reshmi , Sheena.A  , M Abdul Rahman
Published: October 2024

Aquascaping is a creative arrangement of aquatic plants, rocks, stones, driftwood, and other elements within an aquarium to create visually pleasing underwater landscapes. It blends principles of design, horticulture, and aquaculture to either mimic natural environments or express artistic creativity. Aquascaping plants are aquatic plants selected and cultivated for their aesthetic appeal and ability to thrive underwater, enhancing the visual beauty of aquarium landscapes. These plants are chosen based on their capacity to flourish when submerged and their role in creating attractive underwater environments. As aquascaping industry is gaining importance, rapid propagation of plants used in it plays pivotal role. Most of the plants are slow growers and their propagation is difficult rendering these plants very expensive. Tissue culture can be a best alternative propagation method in propagation of aquascaping plants. In vitro propagation methods like tissue culture, callus culture is highly relevant and beneficial in the context of aquascaping plants, where precise control over plant growth and health is crucial for creating and maintaining aquascapes
Survey, Collection and In-vitro Study of the Stemphylium Blight Disease in Onion Caused by Stemphylium vesicarium
Authors: Pandey Manoj Kumar , Singh Rudra Pratap
Published: October 2024

Onion (Allium cepa L.) is grown all over world and is a favorite vegetable in India. It is relished mostly as salad and Indian cuisine is incomplete without onion. The survey was done during Kharif 2022 and Rabi, 2022-23 at different taluka of Nashik District. At 75 days after transplanting the highest intensity of stemphylium blight (19.2%) was recorded in taluka Deola. The leaves from the affected plant of different age showing the characteristic symptoms of stemphylium blight was brought to the laboratory in polythene bags for critical examination and presence of the pathogen responsible for symptoms production. The best growth of the fungus on solid medium was recorded (86.0mm) in Potato Dextrose Agar medium while, in case of liquid medium the maximum quantitative growth (793.33mg) was recorded in Richard’s medium after 7 days of inoculation. Optimum temperature for the growth of the fungus was 28 °C.
In-vitro Efficacy of Different Fungicides and Bioagents for Management Wilt of Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus] Incited by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum
Authors: Y. V. Chavan , P. D. Patil , R. R. Rathod , U. B. Pethe , Y. R. Parulekar , M. S. Joshi , V. D Patil , S.S. Bobade , U. R. Phondekar , D. D. Sawant
Published: October 2024

Fusarium wilt of watermelon caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum has been emerged as one of the major threats to the profitable cultivation of watermelon crops. In present investigation, seven fungicides viz., namely Carbendazim 50% WP, Copper Oxychloride 50% WP, Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25% WG, Carbendazim 12% + Mancozeb 63% (75% WP), Chlorothalonil 75% WP, Azoxystrobin 23% SC and Tebuconazole 25.9% EC along with four bioagents namely, Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma koningii and Trichoderma longibrachiatum were evaluated the in vitro at two different concentrations for their efficacy against the pathogen causing wilt in of watermelon. Among the different fungicides evaluated, Carbendazim 50% WP (0.1% and 0.2% concentration) and Carbendazim 12% +Mancozeb 63% (0.1% and 0.2% concentration) were completely inhabited the mycelial growth of F. oxysporum f.sp. niveum completely. Among the different bioagents evaluated, Trichoderma harzianum was found to be the most effective, exhibiting significantly the least mycelial growth (22.50 mm) and the highest mycelial growth inhibition (75.00%) of the test pathogen.
Personal and Socio-economic Characteristics of Farmers in Peri-Urban Area of Raigad District, India
Authors: Waghmode Sanjay S. , Mandavkar P. M. , Suryavanshi A. R. , Sawant D. D. , Gitaje S. S.
Published: October 2024

Urban and peri-urban agriculture can also be defined as practices that yield food and other outputs through agricultural production and related processes, (transformation, distribution, marketing, recycling) taking place on land and other spaces within cities and surrounding region.
The present study was conducted in Raigad district of Konkan region of Maharashtra to know profile of farmers in peri-urban area of Raigad District. The study employed an ex-post facto research design. The study was conducted by taking total sample of 100 respondents. The data was collected with the help of pre-tested interview schedule through personal interview. Study concluded that majority (62.00%) of the peri-urban farmers belonged to 40 to 58 years age group. Around (36.00%) of the respondents belonged to Secondary education status category. Majority (78.00%) of the respondent belonged to a medium family size (60.00%) of the respondents had medium level of farming experience. Majority (33.00%) of the respondents belonged to the marginal size of land holding. A majority (36.00%) of the respondents from peri-urban area were engaged in agriculture. Maximum number (70.00%) respondents had annual income. Majority (60.00%) of the respondents had fair irrigation status. Majority (41.00%) of the respondents were found “one training” category. Two-thirds (82.00%) of the respondents had medium-level “information seeking behaviour”.
Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anticancer, Anthelmintic, Neuropharmacological Activity of Boerhaavia diffusa Linn. (Family: Nyctaginaceae)
Authors: Dina Jesmin Aktar , Nahar Nazmun , Sathi Esha Tamanna , Khatun Mst Nasrin , Jahan Afrin
Published: October 2024

Aims: Boerhaavia diffusa Linn belongs to the family Nyctaginaceae has been documented for its antioxidant, anticancer, anthelmintic & neuropharmacological effects. Literature review of the plant revealed that some research works are performed during this plant. That’s why; this study was performed to gauge the antioxidant, anticancer, anthelmintic & neuropharmacological activities of the methanolic extract from the leaves of Boerhaavia diffusa (MEBD).
Method and Results: Antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH free radical scavenging assay using serial dilution concentration and the IC50 was 1.51. Anticancer test was done using cell viability assay. During anticancer test in the concentration of 1000µg/mL the percent of inhibition was 29.16%. Anthelmintic activity was investigated using earthworms (Pheretima posthuma) and fresh leaf juice of the plant. In anthelmintic activity, the time of paralysis for fresh leaf juice was begin from 64 min 55 sec and end to 23 min 19 sec while the time for tested drug Albendazole was started from 76 min 09 sec and end to 30 min 43 sec. Besides, the time of death start from 71 min 09 sec and end to 29 min 54 sec for leaf juice and for Albendazole the time of death start from 82 min 19 sec and end to 38 min 18 sec respectively at several doses which suggest considerable anthelmintic activity of the plant. Neuropharmacological activity was performed by hole cross and light/dark box tests at the doses of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg in Swiss albino mice contrast to the test drug Diazepam (2mg/kg). The extract significantly decreases the locomotor activity as shown by the results of hole cross test which indicate significant antidepressant property. The results also matching the activity in light/dark box test.
Conclusion: Thus, the obtained results in the research work provide a support for the utilization of this plant for medicinal purposes and encourage further investigations for more fruitful results.
A Brief Introduction to Activities in the Parasitology Laboratory for Medical Students
Authors: Siagian Forman Erwin
Published: October 2024

Aims: To revisited the basic of biosafety applied to our Parasitology laboratory and describe our simple student’s centered practicum guide and preparation for use by medical or other health cluster students for their laboratory class activity in faculty of Medicine with the revelation of noble human values such as respect for others, honesty, trustworthy, and open hearted- open minded.
Discussion: Parasitology laboratory basically serves for education/teaching, diagnostic and research. Biosafety principles applies in our lab, even during parasitology laboratory lesson/practicum which consider as biosafety level 1. Lab coat, face mask, gloves, and eye protection/googles are some of the minimum required personal protective equipment (PPE). Students must comply with all the laboratory rules and regulation. Human values in medical education are important for the internalization of ethical, safety culture, and compassionate care. Some human values which considered important in the laboratory class session include respect for others, honesty, trustworthy, and open hearted- open minded.
Development of Location Specific Decision Support System (DSS) for Adopting the Best Water Management Strategies to Maximize the Production for Nagarjuna Sagar Right Canal Command Area
Authors: Rao D. Sai Gangadhara , Krishna Ch. Murali , Kumar H. V. Hema , Devi B. Sarojini , Edukondalu L. , Rao V. Srinivasa
Published: October 2024

Nagarjuna Sagar Project is built across river Krishna at Nandikonda village of Nalgonda District. The Project is having right main canal namely Jawahar canal having Guntur, Zulakallu, Bellamkonda, Peddanandipadu, Addanki, Eddanapudi, Darsi, Pamidipadu and Ongole branch canals. Conjunctive use is the technique which envisages the use of Groundwater in conjunction with canal water in the Command Area. The productivity is reduced due to irregular operation and maintenance of canals. The decision support system was designed and developed in visual basic 2010. The decision support system was designed and developed for computing crop water demand and domestic water requirement and conjunctive use of water. The DSS analyse data and computed values represented in graphical form. It will display whether the conjunctive quantity of water is sufficient for the cropping pattern chosen or not. If not sufficient, planners can change the cropping pattern so that water requirement is minimised. The maximum surface volume was observed in the year 2008-09 as 6051 MCM, minimum at 2015-16 as 490 MCM and the average surface water volume as 3628 MCM. The average groundwater volume as noticed as 2269.89 MCM and maximum in the year 2008-09 as 3062.21 MCM and minimum in the year 2015-16 as 1825.55 MCM. The crop water requirement for all the seasons was calculated as 4455.32 MCM, Domestic water demand as 155.9 MCM, net surface water availability as 2,229.41 MCM, net groundwater availability as 1384.63 MCM and conjunctive use water as 3,614.04 MCM.
 It is concluded that the developed DSS will help the policy makers and planners of water resources for cropping pattern to be followed to save the water in satisfying crop water requirement. The results obtained from the study can be used as a guide for the farmers for selecting the crops and water releases for the main crop.
Influence of Seasonal Variation on Biochemical Parameters in Murrah Buffalo
Authors: Saini Lalit Kumar , Domple Vijay D. , Raut Subhash S. , D. Sirsat Shraddha , Gottam G.S. , Gupta Barkha
Published: October 2024

The examination was carried out to study the effect of hot-humid and cold seasons on biochemical parameters in adult female Murrah buffalo (N=10). The blood samples were collected aseptically from jugular vein and serum was separated from each blood sample. All biochemical parameters i.e. serum metabolites including renal function tests were examined by the automated blood analyzer of biochemistry (Turbochem100). A highly significant impact of hot-humid and cold season was observed on the mean±SE values of Cholesterol, Uric acid and Urea whereas a non-significant effect was observed on Creatinine and Total Bilirubin concentrations.
The Effect of Different Doses of Nitrogen and Seed Treatment with Biofertilizers on Growth, Yield and Seed Quality of Sunflower (Helianthus annus L.)
Authors: Dasgupta Kushal , Sardar Somnath , Roy Avijit , Mazumdar Debasis
Published: October 2024

Aims: To study the effect of Different Doses of Nitrogen and Seed Treatment with Biofertilizers on Growth, Yield and Seed Quality of Sunflower.
Study Design: The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with eleven treatments replicated thrice.
Place and Duration of Study: The field experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2019-20, 2020-21, 2021-22 and 2022-2023 in the Instructional Farm of Ramkrishna Ashram Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Nimpith, South 24 Parganas, West Bengal.
Methodology: The experiment was carried out in randomized block design with eleven treatments and replicated thrice. The treatments were Control, 50% N, 100% N (90 kg N/ha), Azospirillum (seed treatment), Azatobacter (seed treatment), Azospirillum +Azatobacter (seed treatment), 50% N + Azospirillum (seed treatment), 50% N + Azatobacter (seed treatment), 50% N +Azospirillum + Azatobacter (seed treatment), 75% N + Azospirillum + Azatobacter (seed treatment) and 100% N + Azospirillum + Azatobacter (seed treatment). A common dose of Nitrogen@ 90kg/ha, phosphorus @90kg/ha and potash @40kg/ha were applied.
Results: Higher head diameter (13.82 cm), 1000 seed weight (65.50 g), seed yield (1830 kg/ha), oil yield (628.80 kg/ha), gross return (Rs.48581), net return (Rs.26368) and B:C (2.19) than all other treatment followed by T10 (75% N + Azospirillum + Azotobacter) and T3 (100% N) which were statistically at par with each other.
Conclusion: On the basis of all parameter as well as economics it can be concluded that treatment T10 (75% N + Azospirillum + Azotobacter) can be recommended for better benefit and sustainable production of sunflower. The results of this experiment showed that use of chemical fertilizers can be reduced by using a combination of bio-fertilizers and inorganic nitrogen fertilizer.
Evaluating the Socio-economic Status and Economic Performance of Farmer Producer Companies in the Southern Districts of Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Malaisamy A , Arun S
Published: October 2024

Farmer Producer Companies (FPCs) have become an important model for improving the socio-economic status and economic performance of small and marginal farmers in India, particularly in southern districts like Virudhunagar and Theni in Tamil Nadu. The study explores the role of FPCs in empowering farmers by enhancing market access, improving bargaining power, and reducing input costs. The research involved seven FPCs and a sample of 140 members, focusing on demographic factors, income levels, farm size, and governance structures. The analysis revealed that FPCs predominantly consist of female members, with an average age of 44. Most members saw increased incomes after joining FPCs. Additionally, the SWOT analysis identified strengths like better market access and weaknesses such as limited processing facilities, posing operational challenges. FPCs showed promise in transforming agriculture, notably through improvements in millet cultivation. For instance, FPC interventions led to a 20 per cent increase in millet yields. The findings offer valuable insights into potential strategies for strengthening FPCs in Tamil Nadu, such as enhancing cooperative marketing initiatives and investing in infrastructure for value addition to agricultural products.
Thermo-structural Comparative Analysis of Internal Combustion Engine Piston by Finite Element Methods
Authors: Kuttin Kannie Winston , Yaw Alexander Osei , Duodu Enock A. , Kuttin Anidrah Winston
Published: October 2024

The piston is often considered the "heart" of the engine, operating under some of the most challenging conditions among its components. Therefore, conducting a structural analysis of the piston is crucial. This study focuses on evaluating the piston to enhance and optimize its design. The piston is subjected to cyclic gas pressure and inertial forces, which can lead to fatigue damage, including side wear and head cracks. Research indicates that an ideal piston effectively dissipates heat from burned gases, contributing to overall engine efficiency. One key design objective is to reduce the piston structural weight, which in turn decreases fuel consumption. This has been achieved through advancements in engine design, incorporating lightweight materials such as ultrahigh tensile strength steels, aluminium, magnesium alloys, polymers, and carbon-fibre composites. In this study, the piston lifespan is extended by introducing a composite matrix of aluminium mixed with silicon carbide particulates, which enhances wear resistance while maintaining similar performance. The piston is designed and analysed using a 2:3 ratio of aluminium to silicon carbide. A parametric model and finite element analysis are conducted to assess stresses, strains, deformations, and temperature distributions, ultimately identifying the most suitable materials for internal combustion engines based on the results. The results indicated a better performance for AlSiC-12 than Al-6061, although, both models were in satisfactory performance range, the lightness of AlSiC-12 will make it the best choice.
Entomopathogenic Nematodes as Bioindicators of Soil Health
Authors: Devi Gitanjali
Published: October 2024

Soil health or soil fertility is an ecological characteristic of an active system with the presence of many living organisms that promote plant growth. Assessment of soil health is done by chemical, physical and biological indicators. As soil organisms are naturally present in soil, therefore biological indicators are important key for monitoring soil quality. Soils are increasingly subjected to deterioration in physico-chemical properties along with reduced biodiversity that leads to low productivity. Invertebrates present in soil remain directly in contact with soil and can serve as biological indicators. Among these, nematodes are important member to consider as biological indicator. An important group of nematodes are entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs), which are widely used as biocontrol agent against various economically important insect pests. Some of the uniqueness and availability of EPNs makes them valuable candidates as soil health indicators. Land management practices affect the biological parameters of EPNs. This review illustrates the role of EPNs as bioindicator of soil health and their contribution to plant health as well as agricultural system.
The Role Of Women In The Tocantins Legislature From A Gender Perspective
Authors: Czapski Alessandra Ruita Santos , Parente Temis Gomes , Santos Jeany Castro Dos , Miranda José Fernando Bezerra
Published: October 2024

This study analyzed the performance of state deputies elected in Tocantins between 1990 and 2018, from a gender perspective, aiming to understand whether this perspective was prioritized in their political activities. The research focused on the proposition of bills, identifying challenges faced to approve gender policies. The results showed that, despite the sensitivity of the deputies to women's issues, their performance did not consistently prioritize the gender perspective, concentrating on generalist proposals. Projects aimed at combating domestic violence have encountered difficulties in approval due to the lack of political support, a reduced number of women in politics and high costs for the Executive. Thus, female deputies tend to prioritize actions with a general impact, reflecting the need to preserve their electoral niches. It is concluded that female representation in Tocantins still requires significant advances in relation to the integration of gender issues.
Housing Affordability For Low-Income Earners In Fct Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Taofeek Olatinwo, , Osoba Samson Babatunde , Aka Udu Ama , Olusanya Samuel Olumuyiwa , Babatunde Sufian, Jelili
Published: October 2024

The paper investigates housing affordability for low-income earners in FCT Abuja, Nigeria. The objectives of the study are to the availability of sufficient affordable housing options for low-income earners in Abuja; the accessibility of affordable mortgage options for this group; the adequacy of government intervention in providing affordable housing; and the extent of financial assistance available to low-income earners seeking housing in Abuja. However, the paper used primary data analysis, and a sample size of 388 was used after using Taro Yamane's formula and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient as the estimation techniques. The findings show that without significant changes in policy, market dynamics, and government action, low-income earners in Abuja would continue to face severe impediments to accessing inexpensive, high-quality housing. This condition not only exacerbates inequality but also jeopardizes the social fabric, potentially leading to greater homelessness, overcrowding, and the spread of informal settlements. The paper concludes that the current housing scenario in Abuja is unsustainable for low-income individuals. The combination of overpriced housing options, inaccessible mortgage facilities, and insufficient government intervention and financial support forms a severe obstacle to economic mobility and social stability. If these concerns are not addressed through specific policies and actions, Abuja's housing crisis is expected to intensify, leading to even greater socioeconomic gaps. Therefore, the paper recommends that government must extend financial assistance programs for low-income people in need of housing. This could include direct housing subsidies, rent-to-own programs, and housing vouchers to help close the affordability gap
L’entrepreneuriat Et La Délinquance Chez Les Jeunes De La Commune Bulengera En Ville De Butembo
Authors: Pétillon Katembo Kamavu , Marie Kahindo Kikenye , Elisé Kakule Muvakuli , Gervais Paluku Kavene , Augustin Katembo Bahati , Jean Et Namuzinda Bimpa
Published: October 2024

Notre étude porte sur l’entrepreneuriat et la délinquance chez les jeunes de la Commune Bulengera en Ville de Butembo. L’objectif est d’identifier les causes de la délinquance des jeunes en Commune Bulengera ; de déterminer les stratégies et les actions à mener en vue de lutter contre cette délinquance et de démontrer la portée de l’entrepreneuriat des jeunes dans cette Commune. Pour atteindre cet objectif, notre préoccupation a été de vouloir connaitre les causes de la délinquance juvénile en Commune de Bulengera, de chercher comment lutter contre cette délinquance et de déterminer la portée de l’entrepreneuriat des jeunes au sein de cette Commune. En utilisant la méthode inductive, qui est une méthode interdisciplinaire s’appuyant sur plusieurs techniques, à savoir : la technique documentaire, l’interview, l’enquête de terrain soutenu par un questionnaire d’enquête, l’observation libre, la statistique nous avons constaté que la mauvaise compagnie et l’irresponsabilité des parents soient les deux causes majeures entraînant la délinquance des jeunes en Commune Bulengera. Concernant la stratégie efficace pour lutter contre la délinquance, les enquêtés souhaitent la mise en œuvre d’un projet d’encadrement des jeunes désœuvrés soit la stratégie efficace pour lutter contre la délinquance. En fin nous avons démontré que l’entrepreneuriat des jeunes aurait un impact significatif sur le développement de cette Commune car elle crée l’emploi, réduire la délinquance juvénile
Sustentabilidade E Meio Ambiente: Legislação E Plano Nacional De Adaptação Às Mudanças Climáticas
Authors: Deitos Tandara , Darcanchy Mara , Valio Marcelo Roberto Bruno , Aguiar Alberto José Araújo De , Filho Abel Martins
Published: October 2024

A pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar as percepções de gestores ambientais sobre a interação entre a legislação e o Plano Nacional de Adaptação às Mudanças Climáticas (PNA) no Brasil. Utilizando uma metodologia qualitativa com entrevistas em profundidade com quinze gestores ambientais, a pesquisa identificou vários desafios e oportunidades na implementação das políticas de adaptação. Os resultados destacam a necessidade de melhorar a coordenação entre os níveis federal, estadual e municipal, que atualmente é ineficaz, prejudicando a eficácia do PNA. Além disso, a pesquisa evidenciou que a falta de recursos e capacitação são barreiras significativas para a implementação prática das medidas previstas. As avaliações de vulnerabilidades climáticas também foram apontadas como genéricas, necessitando de uma abordagem mais detalhada e localizada para uma alocação eficiente de recursos. A pesquisa ressaltou ainda a importância da educação ambiental, que deve ser intensificada para promover uma cultura de resiliência e engajamento público. Por fim, a integração entre políticas e setores diversos, como desenvolvimento urbano e saúde, é crucial para uma adaptação eficaz. Concluise que uma abordagem integrada, com melhor coordenação, investimentos em recursos e capacitação, e uma educação ambiental mais robusta, é essencial para fortalecer as políticas de adaptação e melhorar a resiliência às mudanças climáticas.
Gestão Escolar: Perspectivas Sob A Óptica Do Plano Nacional De Educação (PNE) E A Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC)
Authors: Correia Silvia Gomes , Almeida Ricardo Santos De , Magalhães Reia Sílvia Rios , Santos Adelcio Machado Dos , Marques Francisco Roldineli Varela
Published: October 2024

A pesquisa analisou a gestão escolar sob a perspectiva do Plano Nacional de Educação (PNE) e da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), com o objetivo de entender como essas diretrizes impactam a administração e a prática pedagógica nas escolas brasileiras. Utilizando uma abordagem bibliográfica, foram revisados estudos e publicações acadêmicas para construir uma visão abrangente sobre a integração dessas políticas. Os resultados indicam que a gestão escolar deve alinhar suas práticas com as metas do PNE e os requisitos da BNCC, o que envolve desafios significativos como a adaptação do currículo, a formação contínua dos professores e a alocação eficiente de recursos. A análise revelou que a implementação eficaz dessas diretrizes exige uma coordenação
Development Of An Educational Tic-Tac-Toe Game For Teaching Fundamental Concepts Of Electricity
Authors: Victor Solange Do Nascimento , Silva Laffert Gomes Ferreira Da , Bezerra Mauro Guilherme Ferreira , Stein Cléver Reis
Published: October 2024

The subject of Physics is considered by many students to be one of the most challenging in the curriculum. To help facilitate study and learning, we present in this article an adapted tic-tac-toe game designed to support the teaching and learning process of introductory content and fundamental concepts of electricity. The prototype was developed with the goal of combining the desire to win a competition with the need to learn the concepts in order to score during the game, thereby encouraging students to study and assimilate the material to succeed in the competition. The game is versatile, dynamic, and engaging, sparking interest in studying in a playful way. Additionally, it stands out as an excellent didactic tool to assist teachers in evaluating student performance.
From Human To Synthetic Influence: An Evolutionary And Theoretical Analysis Of The Transition From Opinion Leaders To Metahumans In Digital Marketing
Authors: Gammarano Igor De Jesus Lobato Pompeu , Vieira Rodrigo Braga Fernandes , Pereira Marcelo Augusto Viana , Bezerra Liliane Amaral , Amaral Maria Graciete Rodrigues Do
Published: October 2024

This theoretical article offers an analysis of the evolution of influencers, exploring the transition from traditional opinion leaders to contemporary digital influencers and finally to metahumans - ultra-realistic virtual influencers created with artificial intelligence. Starting with a critical review of existing literature, the study traces the historical trajectory of influence strategies, highlighting the paradigmatic shifts in marketing approaches over the decades. Initially, opinion leaders, authority figures in their respective fields, played a central role in shaping consumer attitudes and behavior. With the advent of the internet and social media, a new type of influencer emerged, characterized by their perceived authenticity and direct connection with the public. These digital influencers have transformed marketing by enabling a more personalized and engaging interaction with consumers. More recently, metahumans have emerged as a new frontier in influencer marketing. Created through advanced artificial intelligence and digital rendering technologies, these virtual influencers offer brands a unique opportunity to shape consumer perception with unprecedented precision. However, the rise of metahumans raises critical questions about authenticity, ethics and the nature of influence in the digital environment. This article fills theoretical gaps by offering an evolutionary framework that connects these different phases of influencer marketing, analyzing the implications of each stage for contemporary marketing practice. In addition, the study projects future trends, suggesting that the ongoing development of virtual influencers could redefine marketing strategies and reshape consumer behavior in ways that are not yet fully understood. With this, the article makes a significant and robust contribution to the influencer marketing literature, offering paths that are both theoretical and practical, with relevance for academics and professionals in the field.
O Uso De Um Aplicativo "Math Master" Para Verificação De Aprendizagem Quanto As Operações Básicas Da Matemática
Authors: Araújo Marcos Vieira , Escobar Erica , Moura Ester Lemos Magalhães De
Published: October 2024

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo central investigar a eficácia do aplicativo Math Master na verificação da aprendizagem dos alunos em relação às operações básicas da matemática. A proposta é analisar como a utilização dessa ferramenta digital pode contribuir para a identificação dos alunos que alcançaram o nível máximo de competência nas operações matemáticas fundamentais, tais como adição, subtração, multiplicação e divisão. Para tanto, a pesquisa busca responder à seguinte pergunta: Como identificar o rendimento baixo de cada aluno utilizando o aplicativo Math Master? Este questionamento norteia toda a investigação, orientando as análises e discussões sobre os resultados obtidos com o uso do aplicativo em sala de aula. A avaliação do desempenho individual dos alunos é fundamental para compreender as dificuldades específicas e propor intervenções pedagógicas mais eficazes. O estudo foi conduzido em uma escola de educação básica, onde se aplicou o Math Master durante um semestre letivo. Os dados coletados foram analisados quantitativamente para verificar quais alunos atingiram os níveis esperados nas operações básicas da matemática e qualitativamente para identificar os fatores que contribuíram para um rendimento abaixo do esperado. A metodologia envolveu tanto testes padronizados quanto observações diretas das interações dos alunos com o aplicativo. Os resultados desta pesquisa pretendem oferecer subsídios importantes para professores e educadores no acompanhamento do desenvolvimento matemático dos alunos. Além disso, espera-se contribuir para a discussão sobre o uso de tecnologias educacionais na sala de aula, destacando suas potencialidades e limitações no processo ensinoaprendizagem. A análise crítica das ferramentas digitais como o Math Master é essencial para construir práticas pedagógicas inovadoras e eficazes na educação matemática
Accounting Applied To Solidarity Economy Ventures To Promote Social Inclusion
Authors: Junior Francinaldo Santos Da Costa , Lemos Anne Kelly Sanches
Published: October 2024

This study addresses the inclusion of enterprises in the Solidarity Economy and their interaction with accounting, with a view to promoting social inclusion in an equitable manner and reflecting the search for a fairer and more balanced society. The aim is to analyze through the literature how the applicability of accounting contributes to social inclusion in solidarity economy enterprises. A bibliographical research methodology of an exploratory nature and qualitative approach was adopted, through the selection of primary and secondary data from material available in Digital Libraries, Public Repository and Google Scholar. The results were generated through an analysis of 20 publications which formed the theoretical framework. Final considerations: it was clear that accounting is crucial for democratization and self- management in the solidarity economy, highlighting the role of the accountant as a social scientist who employs the appropriate language and methods to help these ventures succeed
Sol–Gel Synthesis of Robust Metal–Organic Frameworks for Nanoparticle Encapsulation
Authors: Mehta Joshua P. , Tian Tian , Zeng Zhixin , Divitini Giorgio , Connolly Bethany M. , Midgley Paul A. , Tan Jin‐Chong , Fairen‐Jimenez David , Wheatley Andrew E. H.
Published: January 2018

A new type of composite material involving the in situ immobilization of tin oxide nanoparticles (SnO2‐NPs) within a monolithic metal–organic framework (MOF), the zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF)‐8 is presented. SnO2@monoZIF‐8 exploits the mechanical properties, structural resilience, and high density of a monolithic MOF, while leveraging the photocatalytic action of the nanoparticles. The composite displays outstanding photocatalytic properties and represents a critical advance in the field of treating toxic effluents and is a vital validation for commercial application. Crucially, full retention of catalytic activity is observed after ten catalytic cycles.
Ultrathin Semiconductor Superabsorbers from the Visible to the Near‐Infrared
Authors: Molet Pau , Garcia‐Pomar Juan Luis , Matricardi Cristiano , Garriga Miquel , Alonso Maria Isabel , Mihi Agustín
Published: January 2018

The design of ultrathin semiconducting materials that achieve broadband absorption is a long‐sought‐after goal of crucial importance for optoelectronic applications. To date, attempts to tackle this problem consisted either of the use of strong—but narrowband—or broader—but moderate—light‐trapping mechanisms. Here, a strategy that achieves broadband optimal absorption in arbitrarily thin semiconductor materials for all energies above their bandgap is presented. This stems from the strong interplay between Brewster modes, sustained by judiciously nanostructured thin semiconductors on metal films, and photonic crystal modes. Broadband near‐unity absorption in Ge ultrathin films is demonstrated, which extends from the visible to the Ge bandgap in the near‐infrared and is robust against angle of incidence variation. The strategy follows an easy and scalable fabrication route enabled by soft nanoimprinting lithography, a technique that allows seamless integration in many optoelectronic fabrication procedures.
Impact of diversity of morphological characteristics and Reynolds number on local hemodynamics in basilar aneurysms
Authors: Rafat Marjan , Stone Howard A. , Auguste Debra T. , Dabagh Mahsa , Randles Amanda , Heller Martin , Rabinov James D.
Published: January 2018

Morphological and hemodynamic parameters have been suggested to affect the rupture of cerebral aneurysms, but detailed mechanisms of rupture are poorly understood. The purpose of our study is to determine criteria for predicting the risk of aneurysm rupture, which is critical for improved patient management. Existing aneurysm hemodynamics studies generally evaluate limited geometries or Reynolds numbers (Re), which are difficult to apply to a wide range of patient‐specific cases. Association between hemodynamic characteristics and morphology is focused. Several two‐dimensional (2D) and three‐dimensional (3D) idealized and physiological geometries is assessed to characterize the hemodynamic landscape between flow patterns. The impact of morphology on velocity and wall shear stress (WSS) profiles were evaluated. Slight changes in aneurysm geometry is found or Re result in significant changes in the hemodynamic and WSS profiles. Our systematic mapping and nondimensional analysis qualitatively identify hemodynamic conditions that may predispose aneurysms to rupture. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical EngineersAIChE J, 64: 2792–2802, 2018