bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A study on tympanoplasty with or without canaloplasty
Authors: Gupta Srajan , Kumar Ashok , Singhal Gaurang , Kumar Pallika
Published: August 2022

Background

Chronic otitis media is a highly prevalent disease in developing as well as developed countries, causing hearing disabilities to the patients and causing huge problems to the patients in their daily routine lives. The patients are routinely advised for tympanoplasties in the specialized centers. Canaloplasties are routinely performed in such patients to get wide exposure while doing tympanoplasties. The present study seeks to determine the impact of canaloplasty on the outcome of the tympanoplasty.

Material and methods

The study was conducted in Department of Otorhinolaryngology at the Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, between 2018 and 2020, in which 70 patients were included. These patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group A patients underwent type I tympanoplasty with canaloplasty while group B patients underwent type I tympanoplasty alone. Patients in both the groups were followed up with pure tone audiometry and otoscopy at 6 weeks and 12 weeks postoperatively. Hearing was compared in both the groups in terms of air bone gap closure. Air bone gap closure at 12 weeks was considered final. Final analysis was done using SPSS version 21.0.

Results

The patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group A patients underwent type 1 tympanoplasty with canaloplasty, and group B comprises of case l graft tympanoplasty alone. Graft uptake was better in group A with a success rate of 94.3% as compared to group B which had a success rate of 88.57%. Air bone gap closure was better in group A as compared to group B (15.76 dB ± 6.75 v/s 14.87 dB ± 5.99) at 12 weeks postoperatively.

Conclusion

Tympanoplasty with canaloplasty showed advantageous outcome over tympanoplasty alone and thus should be considered with limited exposures. However, the final decision resides with the operating surgeon.
Nutrition support for critically ill patients during the COVID-19 pandemic: the Italian SIAARTI survey
Authors: Tetamo Romano , Fittipaldi Ciro , Buono Salvatore , Umbrello Michele
Published: August 2022

Background

Critically ill, COVID-19 patients are characterized by a hypermetabolic state and a reduced food intake and are at high risk of malnutrition and lean body mass loss. An appropriate metabolic-nutritional intervention aims to reduce complications and improve the clinical outcomes. We conducted a cross-sectional, multicenter, observational, nationwide online survey involving Italian Intensivists to assess the nutritional practices in critically ill patients with COVID-19.

Results

A group of experts in nutrition of the Italian Society of Anaesthesia Analgesia Resuscitation and Intensive Care (SIAARTI) developed a 24-item questionnaire; the 9000 members of the Society were invited to participate through emails and social networks. Data was collected from June 1 to August 1, 2021.

A total of 545 responses were collected: 56% in northern, 25% in central, and 20% in southern Italy. Artificial nutrition support is directly handled by intensivists in > 90 of the cases; the nutritional status is assessed as suggested by the guidelines in more than 70% of the cases, and a form of nutrition support is started within the first 48 h from ICU admission by > 90% of the respondents. Nutritional targets are reached in 4–7 days in > 75% of the cases, mainly by the enteral route. Indirect calorimetry, muscle ultrasound, and bioimpedance analysis are used by a limited part of the interviewees. Only about a half of the respondents reported the nutritional issues in the ICU discharge summary.

Conclusions

This survey among Italian Intensivists during the COVID-19 epidemic showed how the beginning, progression, and route of nutritional support adhere to international recommendations, while recommendations on the tools to set the target and monitor the efficacy of the metabolic support are less followed.
In the field: an interview with Sönke Johnsen
Published: August 2022

Sönke Johnsen is a Professor at Duke University, USA, investigating visual ecology. After completing his degree in mathematics at Swarthmore College, USA, and a PhD with William Kier at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA, Johnsen worked as a post-doc with Edie Widder at Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution, USA, and Larry Madin at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, USA. He remained at Woods Hole as an Assistant Scientist before moving to Duke as an Assistant Professor. Johnsen talks about his experiences of collecting transparent animals while blue water diving and in a submersible, as well as outrunning Hurricane Katrina in 2005.
Principles for Combining Descriptive and Model-Based Analysis in Applied Microeconomics Research
Authors: Mahoney Neale
Published: August 2022

In this article, I offer guidance on how to combine descriptive and model-based empirical analysis within a paper. Drawing on examples from three recently published applied microeconomics papers, I argue that it is important to create a tight link between the descriptive analysis and the bottom-line deliverable of the model-based analysis, and I try to distill some lessons or principles for doing so. I also offer some thoughts on when a paper should start with descriptive analysis and then proceed to model-based analysis and when alternative structures may be desirable.
The Economics of Intangible Capital
Authors: Crouzet Nicolas , Eberly Janice C. , Eisfeldt Andrea L. , Papanikolaou Dimitris
Published: August 2022

Intangible assets are a large and growing part of firms’ capital stocks. Intangibles are accumulated via investment—foregoing consumption today for output in the future—but they lack a physical presence. Rather than stopping with this “lack,” we instead focus on the positive properties of intangibles. Specifically, intangibles must be stored, so characteristics of the storage medium have important implications for their value and use. These properties include non-rivalry, allowing the intangible to be used simultaneously in different production streams, and limited excludability, which prevents the firm from capturing all the benefits or rents from the intangible. We develop these ideas in a simple way to illustrate how outcomes such as scalability and distribution of ownership follow. We discuss how intangibles can help to understand important trends in macroeconomics and finance, including productivity, factor shares, inequality, investment and valuation, rents and market power, and firm financing.
The wisdom of crowds in forecasting at high-frequency for multiple time horizons: A case study of the Brazilian retail sales
Authors: Lopes Gustavo
Published: August 2022

This case study compares the forecasting accuracy obtained for four daily Brazilian retail sales indexes at four time prediction horizons. The performance of traditional time series forecasting models, artificial neural network architectures and machine learning algorithms were compared in other to evaluate the existence of a single best performing model. Afterwards, ensemble methods were added to model comparison to verify if accuracy improvement could be obtained. Evidence found in this case study suggests that a consistent forecasting strategy exists for the Brazilian retail indexes by applying both seasonality treatment for holidays and calendar effects and by using an ensemble method which main inputs are the predictions of all models with calendar variables. This strategy was consistent across all 16 index and time horizon combinations since ensemble methods either outperformed the best single models or there were no statistical difference from them in a Diebold-Mariano's test.
Unmasking the cloak of comorbidities in OSA-association and their severity – a prospective observational study
Authors: Kamath Sindhu , Naidu B Venkat , Acharya K Vishak , B Unnikrishnan
Published: August 2022

Background: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder with high prevalence in the community but highly underreported. It is also seen that a significant number of cases with OSA are associated with various comorbidities. The study objective was to estimate and assess the specific type and proportion of various comorbidities seen in association with OSA and association of severity of OSA with comorbidities.

Methods: The study was a hospital-based descriptive study of 85 patients with OSA. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data and Chi-square test was done to find out the association.

Results: The most common comorbidity associated with OSA was obesity (60%). Around half of the patients (49.4%) had severe OSA based on Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI) scores. Statistically significant association was seen between presence of comorbidities, like diabetes and hypertension, and risk of OSA based on the snoring, tiredness, observed apnea, blood pressure (S.T.O.P) questionnaire.

Conclusions: In our study, a significant proportion (73%) of patients with OSA had associated   comorbidities at the time of initial diagnosis. This indicates a delayed diagnosis as OSA is diagnosed only after multiple and irreversible comorbidities have developed. A majority (49%) had a severe OSA on initial presentation. This combination of multiple comorbidities and severe OSA at the time on diagnosis is reflective of a huge problem that is peculiar to OSA at large at a community level.
Evaluation of shape, size, and location of mental foramen in dentulous and edentulous among Saudi population using 3D cone-beam computed tomography
Authors: AlOtaibi Mlook Ghazi , Tawfig Ahmad , Abouelkheir Hassan Mohamed
Published: August 2022

Background: Mental foramen (MF) and its accessories are the important anatomical considerations while placing implants or doing surgical procedures in and around the mandibular premolar region. This study aimed to evaluate the shape, size, and location of mental foramen in dentulous and edentulous patients among the Saudi population using 3D cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Methods: In this retrospective study, CBCT scans that were taken between 2015 and 2020 from Riyadh Elm University were retrieved. A total of 180 samples of CBCT (90 dentate and 90 edentulous) were analyzed. Prevalence of different horizontal positions of the mental foramen (P1 to P6) and other additive parameters like the distance from mental foramen to alveolar crest and inferior border of the mandible, along with the mental foramen angle was assessed. The difference in the mental foramen location among dentate and edentulous subjects was assessed. Gender and age variation also was assessed. All the data were statistically analyzed using SPSS.

Results:The predominant horizontal position is P4 followed by P3 (59

% in males and 63 % in females at P4, and 15 % each in males and females at P3, respectively). The horizontal position of the mental foramen and gender showed a statistical significance difference, especially at the P3B, P5, and P4 positions. Moreover, a statistically significant difference was seen in the mental foramen to the mandibular inferior border of the mandible (MF_MSB) and the width of mental foramen in the transverse section (MFW). Comparison of the mental foramen among dentate and edentulous subjects showed a statistically significant difference. There was a change in the mental foramen with age.

Conclusions:Based on the methodology and sample of this study, it can be concluded that the edentulism only reduced the dimension of the mental foramen opening.
Causes of death among Swedish peasants during migration to Southern Ukraine in 1782–83
Authors: Chyruk Sviatoslav
Published: August 2022

Pärast seda, kui Jedisani piirkond Bugi ja Dnipro jõgede vahel tänase Ukraina lõunaosas liideti Vene impeeriumiga ja Nogai nomaadid alalt lahkusid, alustas Vene valitsus selle koloniseerimist. Ühed esimesed asunikud olid rootsi talupojad Hiiumaalt. Vene valitsuse plaane takistas asjaolu, et suur osa kolonistidest suri peagi. Surmade põhjust ei ole seni põhjalikult uuritud. Esitame hüpoteesi, et rootsi talupoegade peamine surmapõhjus oli nakkushaiguse epideemia, mille võis vallandada katk. Artikli põhiallikateks on esimesed rootslaste poolt rajatud Gammalsvenskby koloonia kirikuraamatud ja perekondade nimekiri, mis koostati aastal 1781. Meetodina on kasutatud faktor- ja klasteranalüüsi.
Jungian Arts-Based Research: What it is, Why do it, and How
Authors: Rowland Susan
Published: August 2022

Jungian arts-based research (JABR) is opening the therapy room to the whole world. Even more, it is a way of making knowledge using creativity, the imagination, and the unknown psyche or the unconscious, with the wisdom of centuries materialized in art traditions. For here the sandplay is converted into art practice, whether that practice be writing novels or poetry, painting, sculpture, filmmaking, photography, internet games, garden design, music-making or more. Instead of keeping the space sealed off for therapist and patient to be alone, the sandplay of JABR is connected to society, nature, and the cosmos by materializing the psyche in dialogue with art and history. Synchronicities arise and archetypes are summoned into being through art-making that is deliberately poised to invite in the deep psyche. More depth can be generated through Jungian practices such as active imagination and amplification. Indeed, I will figure JABR as a three-stage process consisting of one, preparation with psychic and art matter, two, process inviting in spontaneity and the unknown, and three, reflection using the completed artwork. That artwork works, assumes a place in society independent of the artist. JABR art takes on the valence of Jung’s autonomous psychic image, only here with the material being to exist for centuries, to speak to different cultures, to generate multiple meanings and fixing none. Here JABR unites therapy with knowing and being. It is formational, in gathering what matters in the artist and the work, informational in finding out what is hidden to the conscious psyche, and transformational in offering to the scholar-therapist-artist plus the audience, new ways of being.
A Scoping Review to Map the Evidence on the Use of Sandplay to Understand the Subjective Experience
Authors: Karpaviciute Simona , Somanadhan Suja , McNulty Sandra , Kroll Thilo
Published: August 2022

An interest in applying creative arts-based research approaches, such as sandplay in the health and social care contexts, is growing worldwide. The aim of our study was to identify the existing studies that use sandplay as a method or intervention and their impact on different target groups in health and social care settings. We conducted this review following the Joanna Briggs Institute’s method for scoping reviews, using Arksey and O’Malley’s five-stage scoping review framework. We conducted a comprehensive search in the CINAHL Complete, MEDLINE Complete and the Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection databases. A search strategy with selected inclusion and exclusion criteria was used to reveal a wide range of evidence. This study included quantitative and qualitative studies published in English from 2009 to 2019. Thirty-two studies formed the final data set and, ultimately, we selected seven published papers for our review. Most of the participants in these studies were children aged from 4 to 17 years. The scoping review highlighted the use of sandplay as a method to express and understand a person’s day to day lived experiences, especially with children. A joyful, accepting, individual centered and positive therapeutic environment reportedly characterized the sandplay sessions. And it was a valuable arts-based approach that positively affected the participants’ mental health and well-being, community building, creative self-expression, self-acceptance, problem solving and empowerment.
A Study on the Symbols in the Sandplay Therapy of Children in Divorced Families by Age
Authors: Hong Eun Joo , Kim Hyo Eun
Published: August 2022

This study focused on the sandplay therapy process of 8 children of divorced families by age and analyzed these cases by applying the qualitative case study method according to Stake’s (1995) reactive evaluation. We found, first, among the children of divorced families, that the symbol revealed in the sandpictures of the youngest (7-year-old) children was a negative maternal symbol. Second, the symbol revealed in the sandpictures of the next oldest (9-year-old) children was alchemical purification and transformation. Third, the symbol revealed in the sandpictures of children at the end of childhood (11 years old) was self-arrangement and struggle. Fourth, the symbol revealed in the sandpictures of children aged 12 to 13, the early age of adolescents, was the appearance of the paternal circle. The results revealed the development of a masculine consciousness that overcame dependence on motherhood and transitioned into a patriarchal world. In this way, the children of divorced families re-enactment relationships through symbols in the process of sandplay therapy to achieve self- development by age, deconstructing the mental structures, and reaching the stage of self-arrangement, revealing their progress toward growth.
Jasmine: Feminine healing qualities related to the wisdom of salt-With a focus on sandplay therapy-
Authors: Park Seohee
Published: August 2022

This study examined the symbolism of Jasmine, a character in Disney’s Aladdin films, whose archetype emerged as a compensation for what was lacking in a child’s consciousness through sandplay therapy. To understand the symbolism of Jasmine, this study was conducted regarding Jasmine’s origin and background by watching two films and reading related stories before analyzing the client’s sandpictures. A 7-year-old girl with symptoms of separation anxiety was the client in this study. The symbol of Jasmine, or the feminine healing qualities that help form a relationship through the wisdom of salt, emerged in the client’s sandpictures as the possibility of growth, light of consciousness, healing power, harmony with masculine energy, and a new image of family. The feminine principles that engage in relationships through the wisdom of salt is a value, encompssing all of us, that penetrates the times. The wisdom is discovered as an outcome of the pain that lead to growth. The sandplay process healed the client’s psychological difficulties while the Jasmine symbol gave her the strength and courage that she needed to form a relationship with the world through a new wisdom of life.
Art-based Research on Group Sandplay Therapy for Myanmar Refugee Children Staying in Malaysia
Authors: Lee Yeoreum , Lee Sehwa , Jang Mikyung , Choi Yelin
Published: August 2022

This study is based on the group sandplay therapy that we provided to Burmese Chin children living in Malaysia as ethnic and religious refugees and our analysis of the themes in the children’s sandboxes using an art-based research method. All the participants were Burmese Chin refugee children aged 10 to 13 years old, attending an international refugee school in Kuala Lumpur, the capital of Malaysia. Participation was voluntary, with written consent from legal guardians. The sample chosen for the study comprised 12 children, with six males in one group and six females in the other group. Altogether, the children took part in five sandplay sessions, which lasted 120 minutes each. During these sessions, all the participants expressed individual the sandtray and then gathered to share and talk about the scenes they had made in the sand. After each session, it construed the children’s sand scenes, imaginative stories and symbolic image from an analytical psychology perspective and categorized the contents by common themes. As a result, six themes emerged: the loss of a place of life, abandoned children, bystanders, safety bases, and liberation/resettlement. Through the sandplay therapy, the refugee children could express their trauma in a safe, supportive environment. Sandplay provided these children with an opportunity to identify their trauma, independently overcome that trauma, and grow.
The effect of anti-retroviral therapy on fracture healing
Authors: Graham Simon M. , Jalal Murtadhah M. K. , Lalloo David G. , Hamish R. W. Simpson A.
Published: August 2022

Aims

A number of anti-retroviral therapies (ART) have been implicated in potentially contributing to HIV-associated bone disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of combination ART on the fracture healing process.

Methods

A total of 16 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups (n = eight each): Group 1 was given a combination of Tenfovir 30 mg, Lamivudine 30 mg, and Efavirenz 60 mg per day orally, whereas Group 2 was used as a control. After one week of medication preload, all rats underwent a standardized surgical procedure of mid-shaft tibial osteotomy fixed by intramedullary nail with no gap at the fracture site. Progress in fracture healing was monitored regularly for eight weeks. Further evaluations were carried out after euthanasia by micro-CT, mechanically and histologically. Two blinded orthopaedic surgeons used the Radiological Union Scoring system for the Tibia (RUST) to determine fracture healing.

Results

The fracture healing process was different between the two groups at week 4 after surgery; only two out of eight rats showed full healing in Group 1 (ART-treated), while seven out of eight rats had bone union in Group 2 (control) (p = 0.040). However, at week eight postoperatively, there was no statistical difference in bone healing; seven out of eight progressed to full union in both groups.

Conclusion

This study demonstrated that combination ART resulted in delayed fracture healing at week 4 after surgery in rats, but did not result in the development of nonunion. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2022;11(8):585–593.
Simple and cost-effective broad bandwidth fiber chirped pulse
amplification laser system seeded by a nonlinear amplifier
Authors: Liu Zhihong , Xu Qi , Chen Kun , Liu Shaozhen , Cao Tao , Guo Ziyue , Hu Kailin , Li Zhou , Peng Jiahui
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we demonstrate a simple and cost-effective fiber chirped pulse
amplification (CPA) laser system, where a nonlinear amplifier is
employed to generate broadband seeding pulses. The nonlinear amplifier
can generate stable pulses with 50 nm spectral bandwidth and linear
chirp. With such a seeding configuration being adapted into a fiber
CPA laser system, the output bandwidth can be expanded from 7 nm to
20 nm, with only minor changes to a standard industrial fiber CPA
system. The increased bandwidth allows for pulse durations of less
than 100 fs, which is significantly shorter than the original
configuration’s 250 fs. When combined with a Fourier pulse shaper,
such a fiber laser system is expected to produce pulses with energy
exceeding 100 µJ and duration shorter than 100 fs.
Spatial resolution in optical coherence elastography of bounded media
Authors: Regnault Gabriel , Kirby Mitchell A. , Kuriakose Maju , Shen Tueng , Wang Ruikang K. , O’Donnell Matthew , Pelivanov Ivan
Published: August 2022

Dynamic optical coherence elastography (OCE) tracks mechanical wave propagation in the subsurface region of tissue to image its shear modulus. For bulk shear waves, the lateral resolution of the reconstructed modulus map (i.e., elastographic resolution) can approach that of optical coherence tomography (OCT), typically a few tens of microns. Here we perform comprehensive numerical simulations and acoustic micro-tapping OCE experiments to show that for the typical situation of guided wave propagation in bounded media, such as cornea, the elastographic resolution cannot reach the OCT resolution and is mainly defined by the thickness of the bounded tissue layer. We considered the excitation of both broadband and quasi-harmonic guided waves in a bounded, isotropic medium. Leveraging the properties of broadband pulses, a robust method for modulus reconstruction with minimum artifacts at interfaces is demonstrated. In contrast, tissue bounding creates large instabilities in the phase of harmonic waves, leading to serious artifacts in modulus reconstructions.
High-resolution mapping of phase-matching conditions in second-order nonlinear crystals
Authors: Dorrer C. , Begishev I. A. , Bahk S.-W. , Bromage J.
Published: August 2022

We demonstrate the spatial mapping of phase-matching conditions in nonlinear crystals using detuned second-harmonic generation. A beam-stabilization system cancels out the angular wobbling of the translation stages that scan the crystal under test in front of the static probe beam at the fundamental frequency. A submillimeter resolution over the full scanned aperture, 50 × 50 mm2, is demonstrated. The mapping of several partially deuterated potassium dihydrogen phosphate (DKDP) crystals reveals the spatially nonuniform phase-matching conditions due to internal variations in crystal properties and high-frequency surface variations.
Quasi-continuous metasurface for high-efficiency beam deflection based on multi-objective level-set optimization
Authors: Dong Lianhong , Kong Weijie , Wang Changtao , Pu Mingbo , Liu Xiangzhi , Luo Yunfei , Luo Xiangang
Published: August 2022

In recent years, metasurface has received significant attention because of its outstanding ability to manipulate electromagnetic waves at a subwavelength scale. In this paper, combined with an adjoint method, the multi-objective level-set optimization of geometric phase metasurface for high-efficiency beam deflection is exploited. It is shown that the geometric shape of the discrete metasurface is optimized towards a continuous shape. The final quasi-continuous metasurface achieves the absolute efficiency improvement from 22.63% to 76.08%; meanwhile, the polarization conversion efficiency maintains above 95.00% during the whole optimization process. An important consideration during the structural design is the tolerance of the structural parameters’ fluctuation in the manufacturing process. We investigate the robust metasurface optimization by geometrically considering contractive and expansile devices directly into the algorithm. The results suggest that when absolute efficiency exceeds 60.00%, compared with non-robust design, the acceptable edge deviation range of robust optimized metasurface is enhanced from 13 nm to 17 nm. Furthermore, this method can also be extended to the optimization design of other mico-/nano- optical devices.
Hesitant 2-tuple fuzzy linguistic multi-criteria decision-making method based on correlation measures
Authors: Sajjad Muhammad , Sałabun Wojciech , Faizi Shahzad , Ismail Muhammad
Published: August 2022

Correlation is considered the most important factor in analyzing the data in statistics. It is used to measure the movement of two different variables linearly. The concept of correlation is well-known and used in different fields to measure the association between two variables. The hesitant 2-tuple fuzzy linguistic set (H2FLS) comes out to be valuable in addressing people’s reluctant subjective data. The purpose of this paper is to analyze new correlation measures between H2FLSs and apply them in the decision-making process. First and foremost, the ideas of mean and variance of hesitant 2-tuple fuzzy linguistic elements (H2FLEs) are introduced. Then, a new correlation coefficient between H2FLSs is established. In addition, considering that different H2FLEs may have different criteria weights, the weighted correlation coefficient and ordered weighted correlation coefficient are further investigated. A practical example concerning the detailed procedure of solving problems is exemplified to feature the reasonableness and attainability of the proposed technique in situations where the criteria weights are either known or unknown. When the weight vector is unknown, the best-worst method (BWM) is used to acquire the criteria weights in the context of a hesitant 2-tuple fuzzy linguistic environment. Furthermore, a comparative study is undertaken with current techniques to provide a vision into the design decision-making process. Finally, it is verified that the proposed correlation coefficient between H2FLSs is more satisfactory than the extant ones, and the correlation coefficient with the weights of criteria being either known or unknown is applicable.
The impact of visual complexity on perceived safety and comfort of the users: A study on urban streetscape of Sri Lanka
Authors: Kawshalya L. W. G. , Weerasinghe U. G. D. , Chandrasekara D. P.
Published: August 2022

Increase in the variety of development in urban context has made it more complicated and complex for the users of public spaces. Absence of sufficient information to read the surrounding causes psychological anxiousness leading to perceived danger or discomfort for the urbanites. Consequently, perceived safety and comfort of the users is distinctively low in urban contexts, creating neglected and underused spaces. Complexity is one of the information processing variables as per Kaplan and Kaplan’s informational model which helps users to comprehend the surrounding environment. The streetscape plays a vital role in the daily movement patterns within the urban cities and is the transition boundary between the public and private realms. Visual complexity of these streets is a result of different configurations of elements within the urban areas. This research is conducted to ascertain the relationship between visual complexity levels of the streets with the perceived safety and comfort of the users. Shannon Diversity Index (SDI) and Fractal dimension analysis were conducted with 48 SVIs (Street View Images) selected within 1km radius of Colpetty junction, Colombo Sri Lanka covering all the possible compositions found within the context. The visual index data extraction had identified ten major components within the selected 48 SVIs. 78 subjective ranking responses for perceived safety, comfort (preference) and perceived complexity were collected from snowball sampling. Findings of the study revealed that perceived safety levels and preference scores for the SVIs are related to the Shannon Diversity Index calculation in an inverted ‘U’ shape where the highest and lowest SDI values are related with low preference scores and low safety levels. The SVIs with medium SDI values are perceived as the safest and most preferred by the users of urban streets of Colombo Sri Lanka. The SDI and fractal dimension values were significantly correlated with the perceived complexity scores of the users. The results of this study can be accommodated in the planning and designing of urban streetscapes of tropical climates for sustainable and friendly urban expansions.
Using time series vector features for annual cultivated land mapping: A trial in northern Henan, China
Authors: Lu Xiaoping , Zhou Yushi , Zhang Xiangjun , Yu Haikun , Cai Guosheng
Published: August 2022

Annual monitoring of the spatial distribution of cultivated land is important for maintaining the ecological environment, achieving a status quo of land resource management, and guaranteeing agricultural production. With the gradual development of remote sensing technology, it has become a common practice to obtain cultivated land boundary information on a large scale with the help of satellite Earth observation images. Traditional land use classification methods are affected by multiple types of land cover, which leads to a decrease in the accuracy of cultivated land mapping. In contrast, although the current advanced methods (such as deep learning) can obtain more accurate cultivated land mapping results than traditional methods, such methods often require the use of a massive amount of training samples, large computing power, and highly complex model tuning processes, increasing the cost of mapping and requiring the involvement of more professionals. This has hindered the promotion of related methods in mapping institutions. This paper proposes a method based on time series vector features (MTVF), which uses vector thinking to establish the features. The advantage of this method is that the introduction of vector features enlarges the differences between the different land cover types, which overcomes the loss of mapping accuracy caused by the influences of the spectra of different ground objects and ensures the calculation efficiency. Moreover, the MTVF uses a traditional method (random forest) as the classification core, which makes the MTVF less demanding than advanced methods in terms of the number of training samples. Sentinel-2 satellite images were used to carry out cultivated land mapping for 2020 in northern Henan Province, China. The results show that the MTVF has the potential to accurately identify cultivated land. Furthermore, the overall accuracy, producer accuracy, and user accuracy of the overall study area and four sub-study areas were all greater than 90%. In addition, the cultivated land mapping accuracy of the MTVF is significantly better than that of the maximum likelihood, support vector machine, and artificial neural network methods.
Opioid prescriptions for individuals receiving workers’ compensation in Michigan
Authors: Rosenman Kenneth D. , Wang Ling
Published: August 2022

Purpose

We evaluated the prevalence of opioid prescriptions after injury and associated characteristics among workers receiving workers’ compensation for a lost work time injury.

Methods

Injured workers identified in Michigan’s Workers’ Compensation records from 2016 to 2018 were linked to the opioid prescription history in the Michigan Automated Prescription System.

Results

Among the 46,934 injured workers with paid claims, the prevalence of receiving an opioid prescription, morphine milligram equivalents (MME) per prescription, number of opioid prescription and probability of receiving opioids prescription>90 days after injury decreased from 2016–2018. Despite the decrease over 50% of the injured workers received an opioid prescription. Being over 34 years, a male, having had an opioid prescription before the injury, working in construction or having an amputation or sprain/strain of the shoulder had a significantly higher probability of receiving an opioid prescription, a higher MME per prescription, a higher number of opioid prescriptions and a higher probability having opioids prescription >90 days after the injury.

Conclusions

Even though opioid prescribing patterns generally decreased from 2016 to 2018 (64.5–52.8%), injured workers in Michigan had a higher prevalence of opioid prescription after injury, than those reported from other states.
A deep learning–based algorithm for tall cell detection in papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Stenman Sebastian , Linder Nina , Lundin Mikael , Haglund Caj , Arola Johanna , Lundin Johan
Published: August 2022

Introduction

According to the World Health Organization, the tall cell variant (TCV) is an aggressive subtype of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) comprising at least 30% epithelial cells two to three times as tall as they are wide. In practice, applying this definition is difficult causing substantial interobserver variability. We aimed to train a deep learning algorithm to detect and quantify the proportion of tall cells (TCs) in PTC.

Methods

We trained the deep learning algorithm using supervised learning, testing it on an independent dataset, and further validating it on an independent set of 90 PTC samples from patients treated at the Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa between 2003 and 2013. We compared the algorithm-based TC percentage to the independent scoring by a human investigator and how those scorings associated with disease outcomes. Additionally, we assessed the TC score in 71 local and distant tumor relapse samples from patients with aggressive disease.

Results

In the test set, the deep learning algorithm detected TCs with a sensitivity of 93.7% and a specificity of 94.5%, whereas the sensitivity fell to 90.9% and specificity to 94.1% for non-TC areas. In the validation set, the deep learning algorithm TC scores correlated with a diminished relapse-free survival using cutoff points of 10% (p = 0.044), 20% (p < 0.01), and 30% (p = 0.036). The visually assessed TC score did not statistically significantly predict survival at any of the analyzed cutoff points. We observed no statistically significant difference in the TC score between primary tumors and relapse tumors determined by the deep learning algorithm or visually.

Conclusions

We present a novel deep learning–based algorithm to detect tall cells, showing that a high deep learning–based TC score represents a statistically significant predictor of less favorable relapse-free survival in PTC.
Phenotypic characteristics of peripheral immune cells of Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome via transmission electron microscopy: A pilot study
Authors: Jahanbani Fereshteh , Maynard Rajan D. , Sing Justin Cyril , Jahanbani Shaghayegh , Perrino John J. , Spacek Damek V. , Davis Ronald W. , Snyder Michael P.
Published: August 2022

Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a complex chronic multi-systemic disease characterized by extreme fatigue that is not improved by rest, and worsens after exertion, whether physical or mental. Previous studies have shown ME/CFS-associated alterations in the immune system and mitochondria. We used transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to investigate the morphology and ultrastructure of unstimulated and stimulated ME/CFS immune cells and their intracellular organelles, including mitochondria. PBMCs from four participants were studied: a pair of identical twins discordant for moderate ME/CFS, as well as two age- and gender- matched unrelated subjects—one with an extremely severe form of ME/CFS and the other healthy. TEM analysis of CD3/CD28-stimulated T cells suggested a significant increase in the levels of apoptotic and necrotic cell death in T cells from ME/CFS patients (over 2-fold). Stimulated Tcells of ME/CFS patients also had higher numbers of swollen mitochondria. We also found a large increase in intracellular giant lipid droplet-like organelles in the stimulated PBMCs from the extremely severe ME/CFS patient potentially indicative of a lipid storage disorder. Lastly, we observed a slight increase in platelet aggregation in stimulated cells, suggestive of a possible role of platelet activity in ME/CFS pathophysiology and disease severity. These results indicate extensive morphological alterations in the cellular and mitochondrial phenotypes of ME/CFS patients’ immune cells and suggest new insights into ME/CFS biology.
Moving towards aṇgasuddhi and saustabham with a conscious bodymind: Embodied imagery, metaphor and sensory awareness in Odissi dance training
Authors: Sen-Podstawska Sabina Sweta
Published: August 2022

This article investigates the usage of embodied imagery, metaphor and sensory awareness in the teaching and learning process of Odissi dance, an Indian classical dance from the eastern state of Odisha. It analyses examples of Odissi dance training used by chosen dance institutes and dancers in India. The discussion is undertaken in correlation with the psychophysical performers’, dance scholars’, somatic movement practitioners’, dance anthropologists’ and philosophers’ study of bodymind and embodiment. It proposes a shift from the objectified to a subjective approach to the dancer’s body that empowers students/dancers to reclaim the ownership of their bodies and movements. Altogether, it highlights a missing block in the training process that enables dance students to move towards the socioculturally imagined level of ‘perfection’, however, with a healthy, thinking, feeling, moving and agentive bodymind.
Break-in’ Point: Somatic narratives: The convergence of arts and science in the transformation of temporal communities
Authors: Webster Carol Marie , Pantidos Panagiotis , Clarke DeNapoli , Pachos Jiannis K.
Published: August 2022

Break-in’ Point, a 2012 arts and science performance and community engagement research initiative, was presented in the spring and fall semesters at the University of Leeds in the United Kingdom at Stage@Leeds. The outcome of a collaboration between dance artist A3 and theoretical physicist A2, under the direction of performance researcher A1, Break-in’ Point is based on a series of real-life encounters at intersections of arts and science – exploring force, risk, exposure and resilience. The Break-in’ Point performance offered an interrogation of the critical point at which physical, mental, and/or emotional strength give way under stress – causing structural degeneration and the experience of what lies beyond. This article is an examination of the performance, reviewing and analysing it as an imagined somatic zone – embodied encounters that transcend temporal bound-ness, compelling and igniting new possibilities – that engaged spiritual and epistemological transformation of performers and audiences. The article addresses three main periods in the life of Break-in’ Point: (1) the development period – script building and rehearsals, (2) the performance – live encounters between and among performers and audiences and (3) beyond the theatre – digital engagements in the classroom and pedagogy. The article contributes new concepts and new ways of thinking about science education, the role of digital technology in pedagogy, dance/theatre public engagement and community arts practices as practices of healing, health and resilience.
Through the Prism of the Senses: Mediation and New Realities of the Body in Contemporary Performance: Technology, Cognition and Emergent Research-Creation Methodologies, Isabelle Choinière, Enrico Pitozzi and Andrea Davidson (2019)
Authors: Artpradid Vipavinee
Published: August 2022

Review of: Through the Prism of the Senses: Mediation and New Realities of the Body in Contemporary Performance: Technology, Cognition and Emergent Research-Creation Methodologies, Isabelle Choinière, Enrico Pitozzi and Andrea Davidson (2019)

Bristol: Intellect, 288 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-78938-079-8, h/bk, £75.00
BURIAL STRUCTURES OF THE HIGH MIDDLE AGES IN THE TOMSK OB AREA (BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF BURIAL GROUNDS)
Authors:   Tomsk State Pedagogical University, L. Pletneva
Published: August 2022

The article discusses the burial structures on the sites in the Tomsk Ob area in the High Middle Ages. Materials from Astrakhantsevo, Bassandaika burial mounds and a burial ground by the mouth of Malaya Kirgizka are used as a basis.The study involves materials on the burial structures at the sites of Novosibirsk Ob area which constitute a part of the Basandaiskaya culture of the Kuznetsk Depression referring to the Basandai cultural community and also to the Forest Steppe Alta. Each area of burial structures, along with common features, has its own differences.The article aims to study the designs of burial structures in the Tomsk Ob area, to compare them with burial structures on the adjacent territories in order to identify similarities and differences in an important feature of the burial ritual in archaeological cultures of the indicated areas, which is significant for determining the ethnicity of Turkic-speaking nomad groups who came to the territory of Tomsk Ob area in the High Middle Ages.
FASTENING OF THE QUIVERFROM THE EARLY MEDIEVAL BURIALS IN THE KUZNETSK BASIN
Authors:   T. F. Gorbachev Kuzbass State Technical University, M. Suleymenov , A. Ilyushin ,   T. F. Gorbachev Kuzbass State Technical University
Published: August 2022

The article examines a collection of eight ironcollared hooksfrom early medieval burials of archers in the Kuznetsk basin. Theseitems were found on four funerary sites Sapogovo, Shestaki-II, Esaulka and Vaganovo, dated by researchers at different intervals within the 7th –10th centuries. The finds are subject to typological classification, typological-chronological and comparative analysis, as well as ethnocultural characterization. As a result of the classification, five types of products are identified. All of them belong to the archaeological and ethnographic complex of those buried according to the rite of cremation on the side and the Saratov archaeological culture at the first and second stages of development in the Kuznetsk basin. It was established that in the early Middle Ages, warriors only in special cases used iron bell hooks. A wide typological range of these products, refl ecting their design features, indicates the lack of stable traditions for their manufacture in the region, which allows us to conclude that they are borrowed from neighboring territories of Sayano-Altai. This is also evidenced by a comparative analysis that allows us to conclude that the use of iron hooks for fastening the quiver in the Kuznetsk basin reflects the general dynamics of the development of similar products in Central Asia and steppe Eurasia during the Middle Ages.
BRONZE ARROWHEAD FROM A MAN’S SPINE, BURIED IN TASMOLA KURGAN KOYTAS
Authors:   Research Center for History and Archeology “Begazi-Tasmola”, A. Beisenov , A. Tishkin ,   Altai State University
Published: August 2022

In 2011 excavations of the Koytas emergency burial mound in Central Kazakhstan (in Karkaraly district of Karaganda region) recorded features of a burial structure characteristic of the early stage of the Tasmola culture. It turned out that the studied site had been repeatedly exposed to looting. The mound contained a dromos leading to a burial mound. The parameters of the embankment (diameter 22.5 m, height 2.5 m) are reconstructed, a circular crepice and a ditch are identified. In the burial chamber, some bones from a human skeleton have been preserved. The body of the only surviving vertebra, belonging to the lower thoracic region, was found to contain a trapped metal petiole arrowhead. As previous studies have shown (Tur et al., 2016), the severe wound did not immediately result in death. The signs of healing are clearly visible. This represents a very rare case for the ancient era. X-ray fluorescence analysis showed that the arrowhead was made of a quality bronze alloy, which contributed to a certain extent to prolonging the man’s life. According to the funerary rites and the features of the arrowhead, as well as on the basis of radiocarbon dates, the Koytas barrow dates back to the period of the 8th to 6th centuries B.C.
NEW INFORMATION ABOUT THE BATTLE HAMMER FROM THE NOVOTROITSKOYE-1 NECROPOLIS
Authors:   Altai State Pedagogical University, N. Golovchenko , O. Likhacheva ,   Altai State University
Published: August 2022

The article considers a fighting battle hammer from the Novotroitsky-I burial ground, which is kept in the funds of the Museum of the Pedagogical University. The original product was considered lost, and only its primary, not entirely accurate drawing is known in the scientific literature, which was repeatedly attracted by specialists in various studies. Thus, incorrect information about the battle hammer was constantly duplicated. In 2021, in the course of work in the museum’s funds, a battle hammer was discovered by one of the authors. As it turned out, the battle hammer underwent a partial restoration, which made it possible to reveal significant morphological features of the object. The purpose of this article is to re-publish the product, considering the new information that has appeared, which significantly refines the information about its design. One of the significant features of the battle hammer) is a diamond-shaped extension at the end of the striker, which enhances its penetrating properties, as well as the presence of such additional details as an inflow and a cap. The latter protect the shaft from splitting. Samples with similar characteristics are practically not known in other territories. The closest analogy is a specimen from the western Tien Shan, originating from the Saka complex. At the same time, coins of a similar appearance are well known from the materials of site located on the territory of the Forest-Steppe Altai. Likely, these characteristics are a local tradition, which allows us to speak of a high level of development of military affairs in this region, since these details significantly increase the combat effectiveness of weapons. The considered battle hammer from the Novotroitsky-I burial ground replenishes the original series of products of this type of weapon, which was popular among the population of the Forest-Steppe Altai in the Scythian time.