bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A mathematical approach for creative graphics design
Authors:   Raghu Engineering College, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Visakhapatnam, India, Jha Panchanand , Biswal Bibhuti Bhusan ,   National Institute of Technology, Department of Industrial Design, Rourkela, India
Published: May 2020

Mathematics is most beautiful thing in our daily life but when it comes to equations and formulae people seems to be unpleasant. This equations and formulae exhibits interactive properties and relation in our daily life. It is sure that the almost all beautiful thing in our nature even Universe unveils mathematical properties. These properties produce many patterns and shape and is directly related to geometric algebra as we can see in nature for example, fluorescent green beetle and colourful galaxies. These gorgeous properties of nature can be transformed into equations and logics. Therefore, the main aim of this paper is to generate creative graphics using mathematical equations such as number theory, position vectors and trigonometry functions. The sectional organization of this paper is as follows: section 1 gives the introduction of interactive graphic design and related work. Mathematical approach for graphic design has been briefed in section 2. In section 2 adopted algorithms and Graphical visualization of design is given. Graphic designs are applied to Indian ethnic wear and T-shirts. Last Section gives the conclusions and further scope of this work.
أثر بعض المتغيرات الاقتصادية في التنمية السياحية الجزائر حالة دراسية للمدة(1980-2017)
Authors: Arif Ma'an Th. , Anber Aseel J.
Published: May 2020

في وقتنا الراهن، أصبح مقياس الحجم الأداة الأكثر إستعمالاً للتمييز بين المنشآت الصغيرة والمتوسطة والكبيرة، فضلاً عن وجود معايير دولية خاصة بتلك المنشآت لتلبية إحتياجات مجموعة عريضة من مستعملي البيانات المالية في الحصول على معلومات محاسبية تتسم بالملائمة والموثوقية والشفافية وبما يحقق أعلى مراتب الجودة في عملية الإبلاغ المالي.

من هنا، استهدف البحث إستجلاء آراء عينة من المبحوثين حول إمكانية تطبيق المعيار الدولي للتقرير المالي للمنشآت الصغيرة ومتوسطة الحجم في إقليم كوردستان وأثره في تعزيز جودة الإبلاغ المالي عن طريق توضيح الإطار المفاهيمي للمنشآت الصغيرة ومتوسطة الحجم، والخوض في موضوعة الإبلاغ المالي وجودته، مع البحث في المعيار الدولي للتقرير المالي لتلك المنشآت، وبيان الأثر المرتقب لإمكانية تطبيقه في تعزيز جودة الإبلاغ المالي.

وفي سبيل تحقيق أهداف البحث، تم تصميم استبانة تألفت من جزأين يمثل الجزء الأول المعلومات العامة لأفراد عينة البحث، أما الجزء الثاني فيتكون من محورين رئيسين انتظمت تحتهما(20) فقرة لجمع البيانات من عينة عشوائية قوامها(82) موزعة على عدد من المحاسبين والمـدققين الـداخليين العاملين في عدد من المنشآت الصغيرة ومتوسطة الحجم في محافظة دهوك بإقليم كوردستان، وفي ضوء ذلك جرى جمع وتحليل البيانات واختبار الفرضيات بإستخدام برمجية (SPSS) وكذلك التكرارات والنسب المئوية، والمتوسطات الحسابية لتحليل البيانات والتوصل إلى النتائج.

وإستكمالاً لإجراءات البحث فقد تم إجراء مقابلات عديدة مع مجموعة من الخبراء وذوي الاختصاص للإفادة من آرائهم وخبراتهم بموضوعة البحث.

وخلص البحث إلى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات منها: إن تطبيق المعيار الدولي للتقرير المالي للمنشآت الصغيرة ومتوسطة الحجم في إقليم كوردستان يمثل فرصة حقيقية لبلوغ مستويات جودة مقبولة في عملية الإبلاغ المالي، وبما ينعكس إيجاباً بإتجاه تعزيز ثقة المستفيدين كافة ودعم النمو والإزدهار الإقتصادي في الإقليم.

كما تم تقديم مجموعة من التوصيات في ضوء ما توصل إليه البحث من إستنتاجات أبرزها: هنالك ضرورة مُلحة لتطبيق المعيار الدولي للتقرير المالي للمنشآت الصغيرة ومتوسطة الحجم في البيئة العراقية عموماً وفي إقليم كوردستان خصوصاً نظراً لخصوصية تلك المنشآت مقارنةً بالمنشآت كبيرة الحجم من جهة، فضلاً عن مواجهة تعقيدات التطبيق والممارسة الناتجة عن إعتماد المنشآت الصغيرة ومتوسطة الحجم لمعايير لا تتلائم مع طبيعة عملها من جهة أخرى.
“Você não... nessa posição, sim ou sim, um homem”: representações em torno do gênero e intervenção docente na formação
Authors: CAMPOMAR Gloria del Carmen , ZIMMERMAN Mario Andrés , FULUGONIO Julia , AÑASCO Alejandro
Published: May 2020

As disciplinas referentes às práticas corporais e motoras da Faculdade de Educação Física da Universidade Nacional de La Matanza implementam suas aulas em comissões mistas. A partir dessas aulas, objetivou-se aliviar as representações sobre os problemas de gênero que os alunos do corpo docente universitário de Educação Física possuem. Neste estudo exploratório de foco qualitativo, grupos focais e produção de histórias foram realizados pelos alunos. Os alunos avançados consideram visões mais complexas que articulam aspectos biológicos e sociais. Eles também valorizam o quão benéficas podem ser as práticas pedagogicamente mistas e aprofundam a diferenciação entre práticas esportivas educacionais e competitivas. As alunas sentem-se discriminadas pelos professores ou não valorizadas em suas habilidades. As práticas mistas lhes permitem acessar atividades que não podiam acessar. Os homens sentem discriminação por falta de masculinidade, caso se desviem dos estereótipos de gênero.
“Vos no… en esa posición, sí o sí, un hombre”
Authors: Campomar Glória del Carmen , Zimmerman Mario Andrés , Fulugonio Julia , Añasco Alejandro
Published: May 2020

Las Cátedras referidas a prácticas corporales y motrices del Profesorado Universitario de Educación Física de la UNLaM implementan sus clases en comisiones mixtas. A partir de estas clases, nuestro objetivo fue relevar las representaciones acerca de las problemáticas de género que poseen los estudiantes del PUEF. En este estudio exploratorio de enfoque cualitativo se realizaron grupos focales y producción de relatos por parte de estudiantes. Los estudiantes avanzados consideran puntos de vista más complejos que articulan aspectos biológicos y sociales. También valoran lo provechoso que pedagógicamente pueden resultar las prácticas mixtas y profundizan la diferenciación entre las prácticas deportivas educativas y las de competencia. Las estudiantes mujeres se sienten discriminadas por los profesores o no valoradas en sus habilidades. Las prácticas mixtas les permiten acceder a actividades a las que no hubieran podido acceder. Los varones sienten discriminación por falta de masculinidad, si se apartan de los estereotipos de género.
Gender studies in the Tempos e Espaços em Educação Journal: a systematic review
Authors: SILVA Ivanderson Pereira da , DIAS Alfrancio Ferreira , RIOS Pedro Paulo Souza
Published: May 2020

In this article we carried out a systematic review of the specific literature on gender, published in Tempos e Espaços em Educação Journalbetween2014 and2019. The emphasis was on the methodological process that produced the different results found in the studies, based on the methodology of systematic review. Based on the selection of variables and inclusion/exclusion criteria, it was found that the specific gender literature published in Tempos e Espaços em Educação Journalsuggests a significant expansion in the scientific production of gender studies, contributing to the destabilization of norms, classifications and hierarchies in the field of Education.
Reflexões metodológicas sobre a historiografia do movimento estudantil
Authors: Sucupira Tânia Gorayeb , Delgado Francisco Javier García
Published: May 2020

Se a metodologia científica tem a tarefa de melhorar a investigação das questões, a análise dos estudos consagrados no campo das Ciências Sociais mostra lacunas que, preenchidas, ampliariam a visão do fenômeno. Existem trabalhos que enfatizam a descrição de enredos, atores e eventos, em detrimento de processos estruturados por um longo período, como as nuances da cultura e dos subjetivismos. O trabalho consistiu em sua revisão com base em publicações sobre o movimento estudantil de 1968 na Colômbia, México e Brasil. A hipótese valida o padrão analítico repetido, mas assume que é possível melhorar o registro do fenômeno. A revisão da literatura científica identifica causas, fatores e elementos envolvidos nos processos. Entre os resultados, variáveis ​​comuns que se interconectam em movimentos políticos: perfil do ator, contextos, dinâmica de eventos, aspectos comunicacionais e impactos institucionais.
La educación y el despertar de la consciencia | Education and awakening of consciousness
Authors: Pulido Moyano Rafael Álvaro
Published: May 2020

Este trabajo gira en torno a una pregunta y una respuesta. La pregunta es acerca de cuál debería ser el sentido último de la educación y la respuesta apunta hacia la dimensión espiritual del ser humano. Tanto la pregunta como la respuesta son recurrentes en la historia de la pedagogía, no así la forma en que van a presentarse aquí, pivotando sobre la consciencia y sobre una teoría sobre el desarrollo humano, la llamada “teoría integral” de Ken Wilber, donde la consciencia es el núcleo central. Se describen tres tipos de “ataques” contra la consciencia dentro de la institución escolar: a) las dinámicas del curriculum oculto, b) la no promoción explícita de la autorreflexividad y c) la exclusión de cualquier aproximación “espiritual” a la consciencia. Igualmente, se describe a grandes rasgos una propuesta para reconfigurar el sentido de la educación a partir de la teoría integral de Ken Wilber, presentada como un interfaz entre el estado actual de las cosas y la deseable incorporación a los sistemas educativos de distintas tradiciones de sabiduría.AbstractThis work revolves around a question and an answer. The question is about what should be the ultimate meaning of education and the answer points to the spiritual dimension of the human being. Both the question and the answer are recurrent in the history of pedagogy, but not so the way they are going be addressed here, pivoting on consciousness and on a theory about human development, the so-called "integral theory" by Ken Wilber, where consciousness is the core element. Three types of "attacks" against consciousness within the school institution are described: a) the dynamics of the hidden currículum, b) the lack of explicit promotion of self-reflexivity and c) the exclusion of any "spiritual" approach to consciousness. Likewise, a proposal to reconfigure the meaning of education from Ken Wilber's integral theory is described in broad strokes. It is suggested that this theory can act as a interface between the current state of things and the desirable incorporation into the educational systems of different traditions of wisdom.
Probe Feed Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna for1.5 GHz WLAN Application
Authors: Ata Allah Faris Salih , H.M Abdullah , Ali Saad  Namis
Published: May 2020

In this paper  the design of coaxial probe feed one layer microstrip patch antenna (MSA) . for 1.433 GHz WLAN application is presented, The impedance equivalent and the radiation physiognomies of this proposed assembly are planned and analyzed. by CPU Simulation Knowledge (CST) Microwave Studio. which is a commercially obtainable electromagnetic simulant founded , on the technique of fixed change time sphere method to attain. the wanted specification, The projected antenna founded on coaxial probe feed structure has the supreme possible bandwidth gotten. around 9.3 MHz -10 dB replication coefficient which agrees to WLAN 1.433 GHz frequency band, the supreme possible gain is 4.48 dB. Stable radiation physiognomies exist found crossways the frequency band .
Platform solutions and public spaces as fabrics of the distributed production of knowledge
Authors: Yashina Alina Valerievna
Published: May 2020

This article is dedicated to examination of approaches towards production of knowledge in the conditions of development of the digital methods of communication. The development of technologies and Internet concept Web 3.0 form a request for collective, interdisciplinary and “civil” character of research activity, emergence of new practices of working with knowledge, focused on confluence of the virtual and real space, transformation of the essence and role of “information” in the context of building the “society of knowledge”. The modern scientific knowledge represents a synthesis of various aspects of science and social life. Within the framework of pilot research, the author analyzes the case of confluence of the digital and real activity in production of knowledge: “public space of collective work ‘the pivotal point’” and digital platform Leader-ID. The article considers the hypothesis that the modern scientific knowledge represents a synthesis of social, culturological, and technological aspects of science and social life. The “distributed knowledge”, forming as a result of cooperation of scholars and various communities, becomes common through the formation of “cluster” and crowdsourcing format of the production of knowledge. Such social interaction is based on the network platform model and generated new zones of exchange and production of knowledge: online platforms (forums, crowdsourcing, scientific network platforms such as ResearchGate, simulators, etc.) or offline platforms (public spaces) that discuss and formulate the requests of scholars to each other, formulate hypothesis, and test the studies.
Language as an object of rational structuring: from classical philosophy to modern science
Authors: Medvedev Vladimir , Nazirov Anatolii
Published: May 2020

This article presents a philosophical analysis of the idea and attempts of rational structuring of the language of science and philosophy. This idea was especially popular in philosophy of the Modern Age. The correlation of this idea with the existing features of New European Philosophy is revealed. It is demonstrated that instrumental approach towards language was not accidental: it stemmed from the idea on the sovereignty of mind, which in the XX century was revived in the logical positivism. It was also implemented in practice of modern science since the beginning of scientific revolution of the XVII century. The authors compare the reasoning of the representatives of classical New European Philosophy and representatives of logical positivism with the practice of modern science. Paradoxes of the concept of ideal language are determined. On the one hand, its formation should become a preliminary means for smoothing the path to cognition; while on the other – it is necessary to cognize the world before building it. Moreover, the introduction of ideal language is possible only on the grounds of the natural. Thus, the flaws of the natural should be eliminated with help of the natural. The dependence of rationally structured language from the natural is retained in the language of modern science. Any of its formalizations and terminologizations is partial. The system of meanings of the traditional language remains the basis and background for interpretation of any scientific theories. Natural languages ensure our affiliation to a certain socio-cultural community with the inherent to it ways of interpreting meanings, within the framework of which the value of scientific cognition becomes evident.  
Criticism of Ahmed Efendi Hayati on predictions of the time of arrival of Mahdi
Authors: Ranjbari Heidarbaghi Ahmad
Published: May 2020

The subject of this research is the analysis of critical approach of the Ottoman scholar Ahmed Efendi Hayati towards attempts to determine precise time of the arrival of Messiah (Mahdi) based on the material of a brief treatise “Mistakes of the Predictors Mahdi’s Arrival”. The object of this research is the concept of “determination of time” commonly used in Islamic philosophical-theological literature for localization of time of arrival of the Messiah. The author demonstrates that the relevance of this topic is substantiated by the fact that it remains extremely important in the Sunnism and Shisim doctrines. The article examines such aspects of the topic as the appearance of signs of Mahdi’s arrival and the Second Coming of Jesus, the Last Judgment, and sources commonly referred to in Islamic tradition for determining the signs of arrival the Second Coming. The following conclusions were made: Islamic theologians determined the time of this event leaning on the doctrinal positions of Sunnism and Shiism; Hayati assumed that time of appearance of the evidence of the Last Judgment and day of arrival of the Messiah is impossible to predict by divination, astrology and horoscope, and that the absence of records of precise time of the event in the Muslim tradition is another proof of failure of the attempts to determine the time of the Second Coming. The novelty consists in the fact that the author is first to analyze the views of Ahmed Efendi Hayati upon the problem of determination of time of Messiah’s arrival.
Pengaruh Peranan Bank Sampah Dalang Collection terhadap Kesejahteraan Karyawan Perspektif Ekonomi Syari’ah
Authors: Efendi Rustam , Bakhri Boy Syamsul , Mursi Yuhermi Okta
Published: May 2020

This research is based on the results of pre-research conducted by the writers after looking at “Dalang Collection”  Garbage Bank in Pekanbaru city which is an alternative solution in handling waste in Pekanbaru. Although it was only established in 2012, the “Dalang Collection”  Garbage Bank has been able to empower communities around to become more productive and earn income, especially for mothers. Therefore, the writers are interested in examining the influence of  roles of the “Dalang Collection”  Garbage Bank on employee welfare. The problem formulation of this study is how the “Dalang Collection”  Garbage Bank influences employee welfare and whether the role of the “Dalang Collection”  Garbage Bank on employee welfare is in accordance with the sharia  economic perspective. The research objective was to determine the influence of the role of the “Dalang Collection”  Garbage Bank on the welfare of employees and to know the extent of the influence of the role of the “Dalang Collection” Garbage Bank on employee welfare in accordance with the sharia economic perspective. In analyzing quantitative data, simple linear regression analysis is used where the calculation process uses SPSS for windows version 23.0. The sample of this study was 42 people. The results of this study note the role of “Dalang Collection” Garbage Bank on employee welfare has a very close relationship, this is known from the correlation coefficient of 90.1%. While the partial test results have a significant effect between the role of the ”Dalang Collection” Garbage Bank on employee welfare, it is known from the t-count (13.164) is greater than t-table (1.684). It means that partially it can be seen that the variable X (role) affects the variable Y (employee welfare). Employees of the “Dalang Collection” Garbage Bank have had moral welfare, spiritual welfare and social welfare while material welfare has not been fulfilled so that it cannot be said prosperous according to the sharia economic perception.
A Study on Students' Cognitive Development in Answering English Task
Authors: Agustina Agustina , Ahmad Muhammad Yusuf
Published: May 2020

This study focuses on students’ cognitive development in answering English tasks based on Piagetian theory. The design of this study is descriptive quantitative with a pilot study to ensure that the tasks are reliable and valid. The subject of this study were 26 students at the third grade of MIN 3 Pekanbaru. While the object of this study is the students’ cognitive development. Data collection techniques used in this study are tests and documentation. Data analysis techniques used are editing, coding and tabulating. After conducting the study, the authors found conclusions on the students’ cognitive development at the third grade of  MIN 3 Pekanbaruare in various levels, namely seriation (57.69%), transitivity (43.59%), composition (65.38%), decentering ( 50.00%), reversibility (52.56%), elimination (61.54%) and egocentrim elimination (24.36%). After calculation, the average of students’ cognitive development is in the medicore level (50.73%), whereas their agesare in the middle of the concrete operation stage, that is between 8 and 9 years old.
Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif pada Pendidikan Agama Islam
Authors: Arisanti Devi
Published: May 2020

Pendidikan merupakan wadah untuk memperoleh ilmu yang ditransfer dari guru kepada para siswanya. Dalam pendidikan, istilah model pembelajaran tidak pernah bisa lepas dari setiap kegiatan antara guru dan para siswa dimana model pembelajaran merupakan strategi dalam melaksanakan kegiatan pendidikan. Ketidakpuasan terhadap hasil dari model pembelajaran konvensional menjadikan para pakar pendidikan terus berupaya untuk mengembangkan suatu model pembelajaran yang diharapkan mampu untuk memberikan perbaikan-perbaikan dalam pelaksanaan proses pendidikan. Salah satu model pembelajaran yang dianjurkan yaitu model pembelajaran kooperatif. Model ini menekankan agar para siswa mampu belajar memahami ilmu serta belajar bekerja sama untuk mencapai tujuan pembelajaran tertentu. Pembelajaran kooperatif juga mengajarkan siswa untuk berinteraksi dan berkomunikasi dengan baik antar sesama siswa. Belajar menciptakan hubungan yang baik antara diantara siswa akan melatih siswa untuk terbiasa menciptakan hubungan yang baik diantara manusia. Tujuan ini sangat sesuai dengan ajaran agama islam. Sehingga dengan adanya model pembelajaran kooperatif ini, siswa akan mampu untuk melakukan interaksi yang baik diantara umat manusia baik dalam lingkungan pendidikan di sekolah maupun di lingkungan masyarakatnya.
PERSEPSI MAHASISWA TENTANG KOMPETENSI KEPRIBADIAN DOSEN PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN BIOLOGI FKIP-UIR PEKANBARU
Authors: Suryanti Suryanti , Sudarmi  , Fitradini Har Afnila
Published: May 2020

This study purposes to determine students’ perception regarding the lecturer personality competencies. The method of study is survey. Research instrument is using questionnaires, observation, interviews, and documentation. The population in this study was in third year, semester VI students (class A, B, C). The number of population is 106 students with high, medium, and low academic abilities in their third year semester VI. Sampling method is using saturated samples. Data analysis use descriptive method. The result of personality competency research, -with 5 indicator of high, medium and low academic abilities, for 1st indicator, which stated as act in accordance with the Norms of Religion, Law, Social and Culture of the Indonesian Nation, an average of 98.10 categories as very good, for indicator 2 stated as self portray as a person who is honest, noble, and exemplary for students and the community an average of 85.97 categories as very good. Indicator 3, which is showing yourself as a person who is steady, stable, mature, wise, and authoritative, on average 84.40 categories as very good. Indicator 4, demonstrates work ethic, high responsibility, pride in being a teacher, and self-confidence, on average 83.40 categories as very good. Indicator 5, mention as upholding the ethics code of the teaching profession, averaging in 78.75 as good categories.
Denoising DNA Encoded Library Screens with Sparse Learning
Authors: Komar Peter , Kalinic Marko
Published: May 2020

DNA-encoded libraries (DELs) are large, pooled collections of compounds in which every library member is attached to a stretch of DNA encoding its complete synthetic history. DEL-based hit discovery involves affinity selection of the library against a protein of interest, whereby compounds retained by the target are subsequently identified by next-generation sequencing of the corresponding DNA tags. When analyzing the resulting data, one typically assumes that sequencing output (i.e. read counts) is proportional to the binding affinity of a given compound, thus enabling hit prioritization and elucidation of any underlying structure-activity relationships (SAR). This assumption, though, tends to be severely confounded by a number of factors, including variable reaction yields, presence of incomplete products masquerading as their intended counterparts, and sequencing noise. In practice, these confounders are often ignored, potentially contributing to low hit validation rates, and universally leading to loss of valuable information. To address this issue, we have developed a method for comprehensively denoising DEL selection outputs. Our method, dubbed "deldenoiser", is based on sparse learning and leverages inputs that are commonly available within a DEL generation and screening workflow. Using simulated and publicly available DEL affinity selection data, we show that "deldenoiser" is not only able to recover and rank true binders much more robustly than read count-based approaches, but also that it yields scores which accurately capture the underlying SAR. The proposed method can, thus, be of significant utility in hit prioritization following DEL screens.
The SIR dynamic model of infectious disease transmission and its analogy with chemical kinetics
Authors: Simon Cory
Published: May 2020

The classic Susceptible-Infectious-Recovered (SIR) mathematical model of the dynamics of infectious disease transmission resembles a dynamic model of a batch reactor carrying out an autocatalytic reaction with catalyst deactivation. This analogy between disease transmission and chemical reactions allows chemists and chemical engineers to peer into dynamic models of infectious disease transmission used to forecast epidemics and assess mitigation strategies. Moreover, analysis of SIR model dynamics gives insights into the kinetics of autocatalytic reactions.
Simulation of Excitation by Sunlight in Mixed Quantum-Classical Dynamics
Authors: Barbatti Mario
Published: May 2020

This paper proposes a method to simulate nonadiabatic dynamics initiated by thermal light, including solar radiation, in the frame of mixed quantum-classical (MQC) methods, like surface hopping. The method is based on the Chenu-Brumer approach, which treats the thermal radiation as an ensemble of coherent pulses. It is composed of three steps, 1) sampling initial conditions from a broad blackbody spectrum, 2) propagation of the dynamics using conventional methods, and 3) ensemble averaging considering the field and realization time of the pulses. The application of MQC dynamics with pulse ensemble (MQC-PE) to a model system of nucleic acid photophysics showed the emergence of a stationary excited-state population. In another test case, modeling retinal isomerization, MQC-PE revealed that even when the underlying photophysics occurs within 200 fs, it may take tens of microseconds of continuous solar irradiation to activate a molecule photochemically. Such emergent long timescales may impact our understanding of biological and technological phenomena occurring under solar radiation.
Advantageous Antibody Microarray Fabrication Through DNA-Directed Immobilization: A Step Toward Use of Extracellular Vesicles in Diagnostics
Authors: Brambilla Dario , Sola Laura , Chiari Marcella
Published: May 2020

An optimized general protocol for DNA-protein ligation is provided and the conjugates are used to convert DNA arrays into antibody microarrays. Arrays obtained through DDI were used to capture and characterize extracellular vesicles (EVs), an emerging class of biomarkers. The proposed platform was tested against commercially available antibody microarrays, showing good performance combined with ease of fabrication.
Collisional Dynamics Simulations Revealing Fragmentation Properties of Zn(II)-Bound Poly-Peptide
Authors: Malik Abdul , Angel Laurence A. , Spezia Riccardo , Hase William L.
Published: May 2020

Chemical dynamics simulations are performed to study the collision induced gas phase unimolecular fragmentation of a model peptide with the sequence acetyl-His1-Cys2-Gly3-Pro4-Tyr5-His6-Cys7 (analogue methanobactin peptide-5, amb5) and in particular to explore the role of zinc binding on reactivity. Fragmentation pathways, their mechanisms, and collision energy transfer are discussed. The probability distributions of the pathways are compared with the results of the experimental IM-MS, MS/MS spectrum and previous thermal simulations. Collisional activation gives both statistical and non-statistical fragmentation pathways with non-statistical shattering mechanisms accounting for a relevant percentage of reactive trajectories, becoming dominant at higher energies. The tetra-coordination of zinc changes qualitative and quantitative fragmentation, in particular the shattering. The collision energy threshold for the shattering mechanism was found to be 118.9 kcal/mol which is substantially higher than the statistical Arrhenius activation barrier of 35.8 kcal/mol identified previously during thermal simulations. This difference can be attributed to the tetra-coordinated zinc complex that hinders the availability of the sidechains to undergo direct collision with the Ar projectile.
MALDI-TOF/TOF Tandem Mass Spectrometry Imaging Reveals Non-uniform Distribution of Disaccharide Isomers in Plant Tissues
Authors: zhan lingpeng , huang xi , xue jinjuan , liu huihui , xiong caiqiao , nie zongxiu
Published: May 2020

Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has been increasingly utilized in investigating the locations of biomolecules within tissues. However, the isomeric compounds are rarely distinguished in the MS images, due to inability of MSI methods to differentiate isomers in the probing area. Coupling tandem mass spectrometry with MSI can facilitate differentiating isomeric compounds in ion images. Here we apply MALDI-TOF/TOF tandem mass spectrometry imaging approach to revealing the spatial distributions of isomeric disaccharides in plant tissues. First, the MS/MS imaging analysis of disaccharide-matrix droplet spots demonstrated the feasibility of distinguishing isomeric species in tissues, by measuring the relative intensity of specific fragments. Then, we conducted tandem MS imaging of disaccharides in onion bulb tissues, which indicated that sucrose and other unknown non-sucrose disaccharides exhibit heterogeneous locations throughout the tissues. This method enables us to image disaccharide isomers differentially in biological tissues, and to discover new saccharide species in plant. This work also emphasizes the necessity of considering isobaric compounds when interpreting MSI results.
Predicting the Effect of Dopants on CO2 Adsorption on Transition Metal Carbides: Case Study on TiC (001)
Authors: Lopez Marti , Vines Francesc , Nolan Michael , Illas Frances
Published: May 2020

Previous work has shown that doping the TiC(001) surface with early transition metals significantly affects CO2 adsorption and activation which opens a possible way to control this interesting chemistry. In this work we explore other possibilities which include non-transition metals elements (Mg, Ca, Sr, Al, Ga, In, Si, Sn) as well as late transition metals (Pd, Pt, Rh, Ir) and lanthanides (La, Ce) often used in catalysis. Using periodic slab models with large supercells and state-of-the-art density functional theory (DFT) based calculations, we show that, in all the studied cases, CO2 appears as bent and, hence, activated. However, the effect is especially pronounced for dopants with large ionic crystal radii. These can increase desorption temperature by up to 230K, almost twice the value predicted when early transition metals are used as dopants. However, a detailed analysis of the results shows that the main effect does not come from electronic structure perturbations but from the distortion that the dopant generates into the surface atomic structure. A simple descriptor is proposed that would allow predicting the effect of the dopant on the CO2 adsorption energy in transition metal carbide surfaces without requiring DFT calculations.
Protonation, Tautomerism, and Base Pairing of the Antiviral Favipiravir (T-705)
Authors: da Silva Gabriel
Published: May 2020

Favipiravir (T-705) is an antiviral medication used to treat influenza. T-705 is also currently being trialled as a repurposed COVID-19 treatment. To help accelerate these efforts, this study provides important solution-phase properties of T-705 determined via computational chemistry. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations combined with the SMD continuum solvation model demonstrate that T-705 prefers the aromatic enol form in solution over the ketone tautomer. Deprotonation constants for the conjugate acids of T-705 (pKas) are then evaluated, by combining the DFT/SMD calculations with accurate G4 gas-phase basicities. These calculations indicate that T-705 will preferentially protonate the ring nitrogen ortho to the alcohol functional group (pKa ~ 7.4), along with protonation of the oxygen on the amide side-chain at more acidic conditions (pKa ~ 9.8). No other protomers are expected to be important. Significantly, protonation of the ring nitrogen produces an acid that can deprotonate to the enol form (pKa ~ 5.1), providing a pathway for their facile interconversion. Finally, base-pairing of the active ribose-bound form of T-705 to cytidine and uridine is also examined. These calculations indicate that both base pairs have large binding free energies of around 7 – 8 kcal/mol, supporting previous findings that T-705 can bind with both nucleobases, leading to mis-incorporation of these pairs into viral RNA.
Assessment of Dental Caries among Internally Displaced Children in Baghdad
Authors: Alwaheb Athraa M , Alhuwaizi Akram F
Published: May 2020

Background: The internally displaced children are vulnerable groups have less access to dental services, worse oral health, and bear a disproportionate burden of oral diseases.
Aim of the study: This study was conducted on group of internally displaced children living in Baghdad governorate camps to measure their dental caries prevalence and experience and find out the association between dental caries and the duration of displacement in camps.
Subjects and methods: A sample of 1393 children were selected, 567 internally displaced children from camps in Baghdad governorate and 826 school children as control matching in age and gender. The age of children ranged from 5-12 years old. Oral examination was performed using WHO 2013 criteria, to measure dental caries using CPI probe.
Results: There were a significant difference of dmfs and dmft between Internally displaced children and Schoolchildren. Caries free Internally displaced children were 39.2% and 30% among school children. There was no statistically significant correlation between camp duration and dental caries experience in deciduous teeth while a significant relation was found in permanent teeth.
Conclusion: This study revealed an increase in dental caries experience with increase in duration of displacement. Hence this survey highlighted the need of internally displaced children to dental health education programs and preventive measures and give information for monitoring the caries which is helpful for policy makers
The Impact of Oral Health Knowledge, Attitude and Practices (KAP) of Kindergarten Teachers on Their Oral Condition in Al-Rusafa Sector/ Baghdad-Iraq.
Authors: Al-Atiyah Israa S , Radhi Nada J
Published: May 2020

Background: Teachers are considered as dynamic force who take a pivotal position in any educational system. Since they may play a significant role in passing the preventive information and health promotion, it is important that their own oral health knowledge, attitude, and practices conform to the professional recommendations. The aim of this study was to evaluate oral health knowledge, attitude and practices among kindergarten teachers, and their impact on teachers’ oral health condition in Al-Rusafa Sector, Baghdad, Iraq.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted among 80 kindergarten teachers. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed among these teach¬ers. This questionnaire format contains two parts that deals with oral health knowledge, attitude and practices of teachers, and this was followed by clinical oral examination for all the teachers. Simple random sampling technique was employed for the selection of the study participants. Descriptive analysis was done and data was analyzed using Bonferonni t-test and ANOVA test.
Results: Teachers demonstrated adequate but incomplete knowledge regarding oral health. More than 85.0% of teachers were aware of preventive measures to keep good oral health and knew the bad influence of neglecting the oral hygiene. About 65.0% of teachers had the awareness about dental plaque composition and its bad effects. Meanwhile, 45.0% of them were aware about the signs of tooth decay, also 32.5% were aware about the benefits of regular correct brushing on the gingiva. No obvious differences were noticed regarding teachers’ DMFS, plaque and gingival indices mean values in association to the level of teachers’ knowledge, however, a positive relation were found between favorite attitude and practices and mean values of DMFS, plaque and gingival indices.
Conclusions: The studied kindergarten teachers demonstrated adequate but incomplete oral health knowledge with many of them adopting poor attitude and practices. There is a definite and immediate need for an integral educational program for kindergarten teachers on basic oral health knowledge and favorable practices. Moreover, teachers’ healthy practices can affect their oral health condition positively.
Evaluation of the efficacy of ultrasound in the diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathy
Authors: Ali Shahad D , Zaidan Taghreed F , Mahdi Mohammed A
Published: May 2020

Background: Cervical lymph nodes are prone to involved by a number of pathologic processes. They are common sites for lymphoma, metastasis, and reactive enlargement in a number of conditions. Aims of the study:-Clinical evaluation of patients with cervical lymphadenopathy. Differentiation between benign and malignant lymph nodes by means of ultra sounds (US) and Correlate the US findings with cytological and/or histopathological findings of cervical lymph nodes. Subjects, Materials and Methods:-The present study was carried out over a period of 6 months and included 81 patients of different age groups presenting with cervical lymphadenopathy. Each patient was examined clinically, then comprehensive sonographic examination of the neck for cervical lymph nodes (L.Ns) was performed using ultrasound machine (GE Wipro Proseries). The scanning was performed with the patient in the supine position, and with the neck hyperextended using a pad or pillow under the shoulders in order to provide optimum exposure of the neck. The parameters considered in this study include: site, long axis (L), short axis (S), shape index (S/L), echotexture, margins, ancillary features like calcification, necrosis, matting and surrounding tissue changes. These findings were correlated with fine-needle aspiration cytology, core and excisional biopsy. The nodes were classified as benign (reactive) and malignant (lymphomatous and metastatic). Results: The age of patients ranged from five to seventy five years, they were 45 male and 36 females, there was association between family history and development of malignant lesions. Regarding clinical evaluation, and according to consistency, (13) hard L.Ns were malignant and (1) was benign, (27) rubbery L.Ns were malignant and 40 soft L.Ns were benign. According to fixation to underlying structure, forty one L.Ns were fixed, (40) were malignant and (1) was benign. Forty L. Ns were not fixed, on histopathological evaluation all were benign. On US, the results showed that malignant lymph nodes are mostly appeared as round shape, homogenous echotexture, nodal shape (S/L ratio) accurate for differentiating benign from malignant lymph nodes. Most of the malignant nodes had well-defined borders. Calcifications, necrosis, matting, were characteristically found in benign lymph node. A combined ultrasound-guided and fine-needle aspiration (FNA) diagnosis had a high accuracy as compared with situations in which they were used alone. Conclusions: Sonographic findings have a high accuracy in differentiating benign from malignant cervical lymph nodes. An ultrasound scan can be used as the first-line imaging tool in the diagnostic evaluation of cervical lymphadenopathy. Using gray scale features are particularly useful to identify the causes of cervical lymphadenopathy.
The relation of maxillary root apices and the maxillary sinus floor among patients with different skeletal patterns in Iraqi samples
Authors: Al sultany Karrar H , Al sheakli Iman I
Published: May 2020

Background: Understanding the morphological characteristics between the floor of the maxillary sinus and the tips of the maxillary posterior roots is crucial in orthodontics involving diagnosis and treatment planning. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distances from the maxillary posterior root apices to the inferior wall of the maxillary sinus, thickness and density of maxillary sinus floor using cone-beam computed tomography images and the relationships between roots and maxillary sinus according to gonial angle and skeletal pattern. Materials and methods: Three-dimensional images of each root were checked, and the distances were measured along the true vertical axis from the apex of the root to the sinus floor, and the thickness and density of maxillary sinus floor in 60 patients (30 males, 30 female) aged 18 to 25 years. Evaluation of the differences between groups which classified to gonial angle and skeletal pattern which were done according to the comparsion between the mean statistic tests. Results: results showed that the density of floor of maxillary sinus at the first molar roots region in class III were significantly lower than class I and II, also the distance between the floor of maxillary sinus and both distobuccal and palatal roots of first molar were significantly lower in class I than other classes, while the thickness of maxillary sinus floor at the distobuccal root of first molar were significantly higher in class III than other classes. In gonial angle difference, the maxillary sinus floor density and distance to the maxillary posterior roots had no significant difference in all groups, while the thickness of maxillary sinus floor at distobuccal and palatal of second molar roots region were significantly higher in large gonial angle than small and normal angles. Conclusion: subjects with class I skeletal pattern have small distance between the maxillary sinus floor and the maxillary posterior roots due to the pneumatisation of maxillary sinus causing more difficult and time consuming orthodontic treatment.
The impact of depression status on dental caries severity among internally displaced people in Baghdad/Iraq
Authors: Mohammed Sama  M , Diab Ban   S
Published: May 2020

Background: changing in lifestyle like displacing place could cause depression which is a common mental disorder that change general health that affect dental caries incidence and severity. The aims of this study were to assess the relation of depression status on prevalence and severity of dental caries among internally displaced people. Material and Method: The sample include 121 internally displaced people aged from 13-17 years. Method for depression measuring is by using Children Depression Inventory (CDI2) questionnaire. Dental caries is measured by using caries experience (DMFs) and caries severity D1-4. Result: the mean value for decayed and missing surfaces were higher in high depression grade as compering with low and medium depression grade, while filled surfaces were with higher mean value in low grade than high grade of depression and absent in medium grade. While when measuring caries severity (D 1-4), the highest mean value for D1, D3 were in medium depressed group while D2, D4 were with highest value in high depressed group. Conclusion: depression among internally displaced people had an effect on caries severity.
Effects of Oral Supplementation of Pomegranate Peel Extract on Some serum biochemical Parameters Related with Bone in Rabbit
Authors: Baban Dilyar A , Omer Rezan M , Mohyadeen Sarchil E
Published: May 2020

Background and aim: Pomegranate is a medicinal herb that can promote healing of periodontal tissue through differentiation of mesenchymal cells both in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, this study is to investigate the effect of oral supplementation of Punicagranatum L. peel extract on bone defect in rabbit. Methods: Forty five male rabbits were divided into 3 groups; group 1; baseline group(5 rabbits) left without bone defect. Group 2; study group (20 rabbits) with bone defect model that received daily 1ml of oral supplementation of pomegranate peel extract (PoPx). Group 3; control group (20 rabbits) with bone defect model that received distilled water. Bone defect was done into facial plate of lower right central incisor. Blood biopsies by cardiocentesis at times (base line, 3h, 1, 3 and 7days) for estimation of serum calcium, phosphorous, and vitamin D levels. Results: The results showed a significant increase in serum calcium and phosphorous levels only after 3 hours and 1 day of bone defect, in rabbits receiving water and rabbits receiving pomegranate peel extraction. Serum vitamin D level shows significant increase in all time intervals reaching maximum value after three days in rabbits receiving pomegranate peel extract, while no significant change was observed in rabbits receiving water. Conclusions: Supplementation of pomegranate peel extract can increase vitamin D absorption, thus it may promote the bone healing process.
Gingival recession and periodontal therapy
Authors: Hassan Monya N. , Aziz Maha A.
Published: May 2020

Background: Gingival recession is defined as the apical migration of the gingival margin below the cementoenamel junction (CEJ), resulting in exposure of the root surface and it is one of the main esthetic complaints of patients. The management of gingival recession and its sequelae is based on a thorough assessment of the etiological factors and the degree of tissue involvement.
Effect of Oral Supplementation for Rabbits of Pomegranate seed Extract on Some Serum Biochemical Parameters in Relation to oral Inflammation, oxidative stress, and wound healing
Authors: Omer Rezan   M , Baban Dilyar  A , Ahmed Bakhtiar  M
Published: May 2020

Background: Pomegranate (punicagranatum L, Punicaceae), is an edible fruit consumed around the world. The edible part of pomegranate is rich in compounds that possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The aim of this study is to investigate the antioxidant; anti-inflammatory and gingival wound healing effects of Punicagrantum L. seed extract oral supplementation in rabbit. Methods and Methods: Forty five male rabbits were divided into 3 groups, base line (5 rabbits) left without buccal gingival wound as( group 1),study group, 20 rabbits (group2) with buccal gingival wound treated with ethanolic extract of Punicagranatum L. seed extract and control, 20 rabbits (group 3) with buccal gingival wound only. Buccal gingival wounds were created on lower right central incisor and sutured removed after (7) days. Blood biopsies by cardiocentesis were collected at times (0, 3h, 1, 3 and 7days) for estimation of serum alkaline phosphatase activity, serum total proteins, and serum uric acid. Results: The results showed a significant increase in serum Alkaline phosphatase, total proteins and uric acid in all time intervals after buccal gingival wound, in rabbits receiving water, while their levels increased significantly only at time intervals of 3 hours and 1 day after gingival wound, in rabbits receiving pomegranate seed extraction. Conclusions: It has been concluded that oral Supplementation of pomegranate seed extract in rabbits can expedite the rate of healing of gingival wound