bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic interrelationship among yield and its components in rice hybrids
Authors: Hasan Md Jamil , Kulsum M Umma , Mohiuddin Shaikh Jafar , Zahid-AL-Rafiq Md
Published: September 2020

The present investigation was conducted to elucidate the interrelationship among various yield and yield contributing traits. Among the traits plant height, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, filled grain per panicle and spikelet sterility showed high genotypic variance. Effective tillers per hill, filled grain per panicle, spikelet sterility had high genotypic coefficient of variation with high heritability and high genetic advance per cent of mean. Effective tillers per hill, panicle length, filled grain per panicle and 1000-grain weight exhibited significant positive association with grain yield. Path coefficient analysis also revealed that plant height, effective tillers per hill, panicle length and 1000-grain weight had higher direct effect on rice yield (t/ha). Days to 50% flowering, days to maturity and spikelet sterility possessed moderate to low negative direct effect on rice yield. All together with the genetic variability, correlation and path analysis revealed that plant height, effective tillers per hill, panicle length, filled grain per panicle and 1000-grain weight were the most important yield component in rice hybrids.
Effects of water deficit on growth and physiology of young Conocarpus erectus L. and Ficus benjamina L. Saplings
Authors: Zafar Zikria , Rasheed Fahad , Abdullah Muhammad , Salam Mir Md Abdus , Mohsin Muhammad
Published: September 2020

A greenhouse experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of water deficit on growth and physiological parameters of Ficus benjamina and Conocarpus erectus. The results revealed that all growth parameters such as plant height, stem diameter, no. of leaves, no. of branches and chlorophyll contents significantly decreased under water deficit condition. Interestingly, although leaf, stem and total biomass production and allocation decreased significantly under water deficit, but root biomass production and allocation increased significantly. Similarly, stomatal conductance to water vapor decreased significantly and CO2 assimilation rate remained similar to control under water deficit condition. Resultantly, a significant increase in water use efficiency was evident in both species under water deficit condition. These results suggested that, in spite of a significant decrease in biomass production, young Conocarpus erectus and Ficus benjamina can tolerate water deficit which is due to sustained CO2 assimilation rate and increase in root biomass.
Microbiological studies on Rhizobium leguminosarum isolated from pea (Pisum sativum L.)
Authors: Shahzad Farood , Taj Muhammad Kamran , Abbas Ferhat , Shafee Muhammad , Essote Safed Ahmed , Taj Imran , Achakzai Abdul Manan
Published: September 2020

Rhizobia are the true bacteria that establish symbiotic relationship leading to the development of new root nodules. This study has been designed to evaluate the microbiological aspects of Rhizobium leguminosarum in target area. A total of 1000 (200 from each site) roots were collected from five different agriculture fields (Quetta, Pishin, Killa Abdulla, Kuchlak and Hanna Urak) and screened through different standard microbiological procedures. Results revealed that 665/1000 (66.5%) roots samples were positive for Rhizobium leguminosarum. The highest percentage was from Pishin 180/200 (18%) and Killa Abdullah 160/200 (16%). A remarkable growth of Rhizobium leguminosarum was noted at 28 to 30°C whereas, less growth was recorded at 24, 34 and 42°C. Similarly, Rhizobium leguminosarum showed growth at pH 5 to 10, but superlative pH values for the growth of Rhizobium leguminosarum were from 6 to 8 pH. The PCR reconfirmed 1300 bp band of 16S rRNA gene of Rhizobium leguminosarum. The organism was further applied as biofertilizer and showed promising results in subjected plants. Medicinal plants application showed that Rhizobium leguminosarum was sensitive to different plants. However, the effects of insecticides showed that Cypermethrin exhibited least zone of inhibition 10 and 11 mm, while Chlorpyrifos showed least zone of inhibition 14 and 17 mm by using disc and well method with (1: 16) dilution. These findings ensure the devastation of microbiota in rhizosphere with rational use of these pesticides that may result in adverse effects over crop productions in the region.
Genomic DNA isolation from scrophularieae dried leaves using a simple, high-throughput protocol
Authors: Riahi Mehrshid , Babaei Melina , Ghahremaninejad Farrokh
Published: September 2020

This communication described efficient DNA extraction from Scrophularia and Verbascum samples. Modified Murray and Thompson modified Cota-Sànchez method and Bioflux kit methods were applied for the extraction of DNA. Among the different methods, Bioflux kit Plant DNA extraction kit, coupled with some modification was the best for extraction of high molecular weight DNA as long as the extracted DNA is quantified with fluorescence-based methods.
Genetic diversity of Indigofera kirilowii Maxim. ex Palibin using AFLP makers
Authors: Wu Qikui , Sun Limin , Liu Xiaojing , Wang Xuan , Sun Xia , Xing Shiyan
Published: September 2020

The present studies were conducted to assess the genetic diversity and to infer population structure of 220 individuals of Indigofera kirilowii from 8 natural populations of Shandong province, north China, using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. A total of 1589 AFLP bands were produced, of which 99.87% were polymorphic. High genetic diversity was considered (H = 0.1401; I = 0.2346), with high genetic differentiation (GST = 0.1058), while estimates of gene flow (Nm) were high in all analysis. No correlations were observed between geographic location and genetic diversity (r = –0.0901; p = 0.3293). Based on the results, here a strategy for the conservation of I. kirilowii germplasm was proposed.
Common Respiratory Diseases of Poultry in Bangladesh: A Review
Authors: Ali MZ
Published: September 2020

Now-a-days, the poultry production in Bangladesh has become a sustainable and profitable industry. The poultry sectors are contributing to meet the national demand of proteins as well as implementing food security along with employment generation. The poultry industries are frequently affected by respiratory diseases. There are five viral respiratory diseases associated with respiratory systems such as Avian influenza (AI), Newcastle disease (ND), Infectious bronchitis (IB), Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT), and Avian metapneumovirus (AE). Among them, AI outbreaks have been occurring regularly with changing genetic characters since 2007 and atotal of 556 AI outbreaks have been reported yet in Bangladesh that placed in most AI reporter countries. Bacterial diseases like Mycoplasmosis, Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale, Fowl cholera, and Infectious coryza are mostly prevalent respiratory diseases in Bangladesh. Mycoplasmosis is become a major threat for poultry industry especially Sonali (a cross-bred) type chickens due to poor biosecurity and breeding management. With respect to fungal diseases, Aspergillosis or brooder pneumonia is a highly prevalent respiratory disease in Bangladesh with causing pneumonia in young chickens. However, respiratory diseases are prevalent in higher rates and cause outbreaks frequently.

SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 1-11(2020)
Genetic Variability, Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis of Brinjal
Authors: Konyak WL , Kanaujia SP , Jha A , Chaturvedi HP , Ananda A
Published: September 2020

A field experiment was conducted during 2017-2018 for evaluating the performance of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) genotypes under foothill condition of Nagaland following randomized block design with three replications at the experimental farm of Horticulture, SASRD, Nagaland University, Medziphema, Nagaland. Forty six brinjal genotypes viz. IIVR- 1, IIVR-2, IIVR- 3, IIVR- 4, IIVR-5, IIVR-6, IIVR-7, IIVR-8, IIVR-9, IIVR- 10, IIVR-11, IIVR-12, IIVR-13, IIVR-14, IIVR-15, IIVR-16, IIVR-17, IIVR- 18, IIVR-19, IIVR-20, IIVR-21, IIVR-22, IIVR-23, IIVR- 24, IIVR-25, IIVR- 26, IIVR-27, IIVR-28, IIVR-29, IIVR-30, IIVR-31, IIVR-32, IIVR-33, IIVR- 34, IIVR-35, IIVR-36, IIVR-37, IIVR-38, IIVR-39, IIVR-40, IIVR-41, IIVR- 42, IIVR-43, IIVR-44, IIVR-45 and Nagaland Local (check variety) were evaluated for their growth, yield, quality and genetic attributes. High phenotypic coefficient of variation, genotypic coefficient of variation and high heritability coupled with high genetic advance was found for anthocyanin content, fresh weight of fruit, number of leaves plant-1, yield plant-1, fruit length and fruit diameter. The study on path analysis revealed that maximum positive direct effect on yield is exerted by fresh weight of fruit (1.08) and number of fruits plant-1 (0.407). Based on the experimental results, it can be concluded that, genotype IIVR-31 and IIVR-7 was proved to be potential yielder under foothill condition of Nagaland.

SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 13-21 (2020)
SSR Markers Based Genetic Diversity in Nepalese Maize Landraces
Authors: Joshi BK , Rawat J , Adhikari B , Pokhrel R
Published: September 2020

Knowledge on genetic diversity is necessary for developing new varieties and managing diversity for future use. Five SSR markers were used to develop the DNA finger prints and to assess the diversity of 23 Nepalese maize landraces. Five locus-based DNA finger prints have distinguished majority of the landraces. The average number of alleles was 2 per locus. Umc1333 marker had shown the highest gene diversity, heterozygosity and polymorphism information content (PIC). At landrace level, the highest gene diversity, heterozygosity and PIC values were found in Seto Local and Seti Makai-3. 23 maize landraces formed four clusters and these clusters were related with seed color. Name of landraces also reflected genetic similarity. Genetically similar landraces can be pooled for conservation and creating dynamic diversity rich population. Distantly related landraces (Bhirkaule, Local Seto Makai, Seto Makai-1, Makai Makai-1761) can be used in breeding program. Detection of low genetic diversity might be due to bottleneck effects during the collection of these landraces from farmers. Therefore, collection strategy needs to be revised for capturing maximum diversity.

SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 23-37 (2020)
Role of Salicylic Acid on Growth, Yield, Qualityand Disease Pest Reaction of Onion (Allium Cepal.) CV. Agrifound Light Red
Authors: Bhasker P , Gupta PK , Sharma HP
Published: September 2020

Salicylic acid (SA) is endogenous naturally occurring plant growth hormone acting as an important signaling molecule adds tolerance against abiotic stress. A field experiment was conducted to assess the efficacy of exogenous application of SA on growth, yield and storage performances of onion during Rabi 2012-13, 2013-14 and 2014-15. The experiment was comprised of 6 different treatments of SA including control. Exogenous applications of all SA treatments significantly influenced plant growth and development. The treatment application of SA at 30 days after seed sowing and second spray at 30 days after transplanting and third spray at 60 days after transplanting performed superior in terms of growth, development and yield. Exogenous application of SA significantly influenced on thrips population and stemphylium blight disease incidence and intensity. The results also revealed that SA partially involved in post-harvest management of onion.

SAARC J. Agri., 18(1):39-49 (2020)
Performance of Lentil as Affected by Reduced Tillage and Mechanical Seeding
Authors: Zaman RU , Islam MR
Published: September 2020

Generally, lentil seeds are sown following the traditional farming practice with 3-4 numbers of ploughing combined with broadcasting method in lentil growing countries. This is time consuming and costly. The objective of this study was to evaluate the lentil performance as affected by different mechanical seeding system as well as seeding device. There were seven different treatments of which two tillage systems like i) broadcasting after4 times tillage (CT) and ii) broadcasting after tillage with two wheeler driven High Speed Rotary Tiller (HSRT), and five direct mechanical seeding systems like TT+BP =one tillage + bed planting seeding (BP+Pl), TBP =Direct bed planting seeding (BP), TPTOS =Two wheeler operated Seeder (PTOS), TST = Strip tillage seeding (ST) and TZ =Zero tillage seeding (Z). The experiment was carried out by a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. From the results it was revealed that yield was increased from0.56 % to 10.42% in mechanical seeding system than CT. The findings also demonstrated that BP increased yield of about 10.42% with 49.31% of lower fuel consumption which saved 48.1% time compared to CT. The HSRT gave numerically higher yield compare to ST than CT but lower than BP, BP+Pl and PTOS. Zero tillage seeding system gave the minimum seed yield compare to others which was 9.67% and 19% lower than that of CT and BP, respectively. In mechanical seeding systems, bed planting exhibited higher root volume and density compare to that of others, but lower to CT and HSRT.

SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 51-60 (2020)
Influence of Water Stress on Morphology, Physiology and Yield Contributing Characteristics of Rice
Authors: Hossain MZ , Sikder S , Husna A , Sultana S , Akhter S , Alim A , Joardar JC
Published: September 2020

Water stress or drought is one of the main reasons behind the lower productivity of rice–a widely popular nutritious cereal crop and the staple food for a large portion of the world’s population. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of water stress on three rice varieties e.g. Banglamoti, Vittiatash and Atash balam in a silty clay soil. To identify whether less water affects rice production, rice plants were cultivated under five different water treatments, T1: flooding at 5 cm depth, T2: flooding at 3 cm depth, T3: saturated water condition, T4: water content@75% saturation, and T5: water content @50% saturation, and were arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications. Morphology, yield and physiological parameters of the rice plants were evaluated. Treatment below saturation did not produce any yield for all the rice varieties studied. All the morphological parameters and yields (e.g. dry weight of plants, plant height, tiller number, panicle number, grain number, grain weight, 1000 seed weight, and harvest index) showed a lower value under water deficient condition. Relative water content and water use efficiency declined with declining water content which represented the variations in their physiological responses to water stress. The grain content per panicle as well as 1000 grain weight of the rice varieties was maximum at saturation condition. Highest harvest index was observed for Vittiatash rice variety at saturated condition. Flooding the soil with either 5 cm or 3 cm depth did not produce any significant change in the studied parameters which indicated that approximately 2 cm water can easily be curtailed which may not affect the production of rice.

SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 61-71 (2020)
Stability Analysis for Yield of Advanced Potato Genotypes for Commercial Cultivation in Bangladesh
Authors: Kundu BC , Kawochar MA , Naznin S , Ahmed NU , Halder SC , Mostofa M , Delowar HKM
Published: September 2020

Five advanced potato genotypes, along with three check varieties were evaluated at six locations in order to find out the stable varieties for commercial cultivation in Bangladesh. Combined analysis exhibited a highly significant variability among the genotypes, locations and GEI. The average tuber yield at 90 days after planting (DAP) of the genotypes ranged from 31.18 t ha-1 in the check BARI Alu-28 to 43.8 t ha-1 in the clone 9.35. The result of AMMI analysis of tuber yield at 90 DAP also showed that the first IPCA1 captured 55.30% of the interaction SS. IPCA2, IPCA3 and IPCA4 explained 29.01, 8.55 and 7.08% of GE interaction SS, respectively. In general, the AMMI2 model contained 99.94% of the treatment SS, while the residual contained 0.06%. In ASV method, the clone 9.125, followed by the check BARI Alu-28 and clone 9.91 were more stable than 9.35. Biplot of IPCA1 and IPCA2 covers 84.3% of GE interaction. Biplot analysis also showed that clone 9.44 and 9.35 and the environment of Gazipur and Jashore had a better result in the GE interaction. Clone 9.44 had specific adaptation with the environment of Gazipur and Jashore, while 9.35 had specific adaptation with Gazipur and Jamalpur. Clone 9.125, 9.91, BARI Alu-28, BARI Alu-8 and clone 9.112 were located toward the center of the biplot and can be considered as stable. Based on the GSI the most desirable genotype for both stability and high tuber yield is the clone 9.125 followed by clones 9.112, 9.91 and 9.35.

SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 73-86 (2020)
Integrated Management Practices for Clubroot Disease (Plasmodiophora Brassicae Wor.) of Cauliflower in Palung, Makwanpur, Nepal
Authors: Adhikari P , Khatiwada A , Paneru N , Tandan P
Published: September 2020

Club root is one of the most important diseases in the eastern hills of Nepal affecting the rural income as well as quantity and quality of Cauliflower production. A field experiment was conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications during February to May, 2019. The experiment was conducted in the Farmer’s field in the disease prone area of Thaha municipality-4, Palung of Makwanpur district to assess the efficacy of five different treatments; Nebijin, Hatake, Trichoderma viride, Lime and control for the management or suppressing the club root disease. The effectiveness of the treatments against club root disease was evaluated along with their influence on growth parameters and yield parameters of white top variety of cauliflower. Different parameters such as disease incidence, percent disease index (PDI) or disease severity index (DSI) and percent disease control (PDI) were recorded using disease scoring scale. The treatments showed significant effect on the yield and disease parameters, but not on the vegetative parameters of cauliflower. The lowest disease incidence (50.2%) and severity index (26.8%) and the highest percent disease control (57.6%) was recorded in Nebijin. Moreover, the Marketable yield (Mtha-1) per plot was observed highest from Nebijin (48.27Mtha-1) and Trichoderma viride (47.39 Mtha-1) treatment. From the study it may concluded that the application of Nebijin was more effective for the management of clubroot disease of Cauliflower and the use of Hatake and Trichoderma virideas bio-fungicides were also giving the potential assuring measure for the controlling disease of Cauliflower.

SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 87-98 (2020)
Organic Versus Conventional – a Comparative Study on Quality and Nutritive Value of Selected Vegetable Crops of Southern India
Authors: Xavier JR , Mythri V , Nagaraj R , Ramakrishna VCP , Patki PE , Semwal AD
Published: September 2020

Vegetables are defined as edible plant parts generally consumed raw or cooked with a main dish, in a mixed dish, as an appetizer or as a salad. Food safety aspects related to microbial quality (total plate count, yeast and mold and food borne pathogens) and toxic residue (heavy metals) and mineral content were investigated for vegetables such as green leafy vegetable, salad vegetables, sprouts, brinjal, green chilies and French beans collected from organic and conventional outlets from Mysore region, Karnataka, India. Microbial analysis was carried out using standard procedures and mminerals (Ca, K, Fe, Cu, Mg, Mn and Zn) and heavy metals (Cd and Pb) were determined. Significant variations (p>0.05) were observed for microbial quality among organic and conventional vegetables. Mineral and vitamin C content were also significantly higher (p>0.01) in organic samples. Heavy metal contamination for lead and cadmium tested positive for conventional samples while organic samples tested negative. The variables that contributed most for the variability were heavy metal contamination, mineral and vitamin C content. Organically grown vegetables were free from heavy metals and safe for consumption, as well as they are rich in mineral and vitamin C content in comparison to conventional samples.

SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 99-116 (2020)
Factor Influencing the Resurgence of Brown Planthopper in Bangladesh
Authors: Uddin ABMA , Islam KS , Jahan M , Ara A , Khan MAI
Published: September 2020

Possible causes of brown plant hopper resurgence were determined at the net-house of Entomology Division of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) during 2015. Causes of resurgence in the form of resurgence ratios were higher with acetamiprid, acephate, chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, fenvalerate, lambda cyhalothrin, thiamethoxam insecticides compared to imidacloprid, cartap, dinotefuran, isoprocarb /MIPC, phenthoate, pymetrozine when even applied at recommended dose. However, thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, isoprocarb / MIPC and cartap applied at sub-lethal dose produced higher resurgence ratio of BPH than others. Isoprocarb / MIPC, a commonly used recommended insecticide was found to have a higher resurgence ratio with the insecticide treatment at the egg stage (1.71) and combination of all stages (0.82). These insecticides influenced on the growth and reproductive physiology of rice brown planthopper and consequently resurgence ratio ranged increased.

SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 117-128 (2020)
Impact of Improved Chickpea Cultivation on Profitability and Livelihood of Farmers in Drought-Prone Areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Sharna SC , Kamruzzaman M , Siddique ST
Published: September 2020

The cultivation of improved chickpea varieties has been increasing over time that kicks off the local varieties from the farmer’s field. Up-to-date socio-economic information regarding this issue is scanty in Bangladesh. That is why we analyze the profitability of improved chickpea variety and assess the impact of its cultivation on the livelihood of chickpea farmers in the high Barind region of Bangladesh. The values of benefit-cost ratio depict that the improved variety is more profitable in comparison to local chickpea variety; specifically, the benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of improved chickpea production is 1.87, while it is only 1.66 for local chickpea. To understand the wellbeing of chickpea farmers, the multidimensional livelihood index (MLI) following sustainable livelihood framework of the Department for International Development (DFID) is used, which constitutes the asset pentagon of five capitals namely human, physical, natural, financial and social capital. The MLI of improved and local chickpea growers are 0.51 and 0.39 respectively which belong in the middle livelihood category. Meanwhile, the MLI reflects that the improved variety cultivars are in a better livelihood condition than the local variety growers. Among all the five capitals of the MLI, the difference between these two groups is the largest in the case of social capital followed by financial capital. Since both groups have achieved far less MLI values than 1, the recommendation is therefore to ensure different types of facilities for the development of people of high Barind tract as well as increasing the production of improved chickpea.

SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 129-142 (2020)
Assessment of Disease Resistance and High Yielding Traits of Common Buckwheat Genotypes in Subtropical Climate of Nepal
Authors: Subedi S , Dhami NB , Gurung SB , Neupane S , Thapa S , Oli L
Published: September 2020

Twelve common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) genotypes received from Hill Crops Research Program, Kabre, Dolakha were evaluated for resistance against major foliar fungal diseases and high yielding traits at the research field of National Maize Research Program, Rampur, Chitwan during winter seasons of two consecutive years 2017 and 2018. The design of the experiment was Randomized Complete Block having three replications. The unit plot size was 3m x 2m with 25cm row to row spacing and continues plant to plant spacing was maintained and net harvested plot was 6 sq meters. The experiment was planted at last week of October in both years. The recommended dose of fertilizer was 30:30:0 for N:P:K kg ha-1 respectively and seed rate 50 kg ha-1. Disease data were recorded for downy mildew (Perenospora fagopyri), powdery mildew (Erysiphepolygoni) and botrytis leaf blight (Botrytis cinerea) severity on 20 randomly tagged plants/plot. The yield and yield attributing traits were recorded. Buckwheat genotypes differed significantly (p<0.05) on disease severity, grain yield and yield attributing traits. Genotypes CBBP-01, KIF-72-22-520, GF5283, ACC#2234 and ACC#2213 were resistant to powdery mildew, downy mildew and botrytis leaf blight and also resulted in higher grain yield. Grain yield had found strong negative correlation with the fungal disease severity of buckwheat. These genotypes might be useful for the development of major foliar fungal disease resistant high yielding common buckwheat variety in inner terai region of Nepal.

SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 143-152 (2020)
Effect of Phosphorus and Mulching on Yield of Tomato
Authors: Mondal MMA , Hoque MI
Published: September 2020

The field experiment was carried out at Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh during October 2017 to March 2018, to investigate the effect of different levels of phosphorus and mulches on growth, yield attributes and yield of tomato cv. Roma VF. Two factors: (i) Four levels phosphorus viz., 0, 40, 80 and 120 kg P ha-1 and (ii) four different mulches viz., no mulch (control), water hyacinth, rice straw and banana leaves. The experiment was laid out in two factors randomized complete block design with four replications. The effect of phosphorus levels and mulches on morphological characters: plant height, leaf number plant-1, reproductive characters: number of flower clusters plant-1, flowers plant-1, days to flowering and yield contributing characters: number of fruits plant-1, fruit length, single fruit weight and fruit yield both plant-1 and ha-1 was significant. The highest morphological and reproductive characters, yield contributing characters and fruit yield (71.98 t ha-1) were recorded in 120 kg P ha-1 followed by 80 kg P ha-1 (69.76 t ha-1) with same statistical rank. In contrast, the above morphological, reproductive, yield attributes and fruit yield (47.62 t ha-1) was recorded in control plant where no phosphorus was applied. Application of P @ 80 kg ha-1 was found suitable dose for tomato cultivation. Among the three mulches, water hyacinth had remarkable effect on plant growth and yield attributes which resulting the highest fruit yield (68.35 t ha-1) in tomato. So, we may use water hyacinth mulch with application of 80 kg P for maximizing tomato fruit yield during winter season for silty loam soil.

SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 153-160 (2020)
Performance of Different Cultivars of Mungbean in Coastal Region of Bangladesh
Authors: Islam KN , Khan MMH , Islam MM , Uddin MM , Latif MA
Published: September 2020

The study was conducted at farmers’ field of Itbaria, Patuakhali sadarupazila under Patuakhali district during January to April 2016under the agro ecological zone AEZ-13 (Ganges Tidal Flood plain). This site was located in between 22°14' and 22°29' North latitudes and in between 90°12' and 90°28' East longitudes of Bangladesh. Fifteenmungbean varieties viz., BARI Mung-1, BARI Mung-2, BARI Mung-3, BARI Mung-4, BARI Mung-5, BARI Mung-6, BINA Moog-4, BINA Moog-5, BINA Moog- 6, BINA Moog-7, BINA Moog-8, BU Mug-1, BU Mug-2, BU Mug-4 and Patuakhali local Mung were tested to select best suitable variety for costal region.The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with threereplications. Significant variation was observed among the different mungbeanvarities in respect of majority of the observed parameters.BU Mug-1 showed the tallest plant height while the tallest pod length was observed in BARI Mung-5. The highest number of branches per plant was found in BINA Moog-4 whereas the highest number of leaves per plant found for BARI Mung-6. The highest seed yield and yield attributes like number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and 1000 seed weight was recorded in BARI Mung-6 followed by BINA Moog-8 while Patuakhali local Mung produced the lowest yield and attributes. Most of the yield contributing factors of BARI Mung-6 wasfavorable for better yield in coastal region of Bangladesh. Hence the mungbean production can be increased by introducingBARI Mung-6 in costal region.

SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 161-172 (2020)
Assessment of Quality Characteristics of Boiled Yam Tubers Available in Bangladesh
Authors: Jahan FN , Rahim MA , Hossain MM , Rahman MH , Chowdhury MAZ , Moniruzzaman M , Samanta AK
Published: September 2020

Tuber of yam (Dioscorea spp.) is one of the important foods widely popular in several countries. In spite of its assignment in the category of underutilized crop, the tubers of yam are consumed by the people of Bangladesh in different forms. The current paper has made an endeavor to evaluate the sensory qualities of boiled yam tubers by the panel of evaluators. The quality parameters that were considered for evaluation of boiled yam tubers were ease of peeling, poundability, discoloration of water after boiling, color and texture, bitterness, sweetness, etc. Evidently, it was possible to judge the quality of yams based on the sensory evaluation as it is one of the important steps for acceptability of foods and their subsequent usages. Around 31 tuber samples were harvested during the winter season from the Germplasm Centre of Bangladesh Agricultural University. Amongst the 31 samples, 24 came under the category of ‘easy to peel’, and ‘difficult to peel’ were only 7 samples. Regarding the color after cooking, 19 samples were “white, not colored”, whereas, 3 samples were intermediate and 9 samples were highly colored; might be attributed by the presence of phyto-compounds. Nevertheless, two samples i.e. RHMF002 and RMHF010 were found to possess most of the favorable sensory characters in terms of discoloration of water after boiling, sweetness, bitterness, texture, poundability, etc.

SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 173-182 (2020)
Different Body Measurement and Body Weight Prediction of Jamuna Basin Sheep in Bangladesh
Authors: Sun MA , Hossain MA , Islam T , Rahman MM , Hossain MM , Hashem MA
Published: September 2020

The aim of this study was to estimate different body measurements and derive prediction equation for live weight of Jamuna basin sheep using different body measurement. A total of 520 individual records of sheep (47 males and 473 females) including all temporary at nine-month age (320), first pair permanent at 1.6 year age (161) and 2nd pair permanent at two years age (39) were collected from two Upazila of Sherpur district. Body weight (BW) was taken using a weighing scale and different measurements were taken using the tailor's tape measure and measuring stick while animals were on standing position. Data were analyzed with the help of SPSS-v-20 computer package program. Average BW, wither height(WH), rump height(RH), body length(BL), sternum height(SH), body depth(RD), bi-costal diameter(BD), ear length(EL), rump width(RW), head width(HW), rump length(RL), head length(HL), heart girth(HG), cannon bone circumference(CC) and muzzle diameter(MD) were 12.28±2.75 kg, 49.42±3.78, 54.04±3.88, 49.38±4.57, 28.06±3.00, 53.09±4.40, 15.07±2.58, 8.66±3.32, 15.72±2.33, 12.87±2.20, 14.30±2.29, 18.23±2.30, 55.02±4.71, 9.22±1.01, and 16.65±1.73cm, respectively. According to sex BW, WH, RH, SH, RD and CC were found significant (p<0.001), HG and MD were found significant(p<0.01). Stepwise multiple regression analysis according to agein all temporary groups showed that the body weight was found the best fitted equation having the highest R2value 64% (BW = - 15.53+0.24HG+0.13WH+0.16BD-.1RW+0.05EL) whereas in 1.3-1.6 and 1.9-2 years age group the R2 value for BD was 56 (BW = - 15.65+0.31HG+0.22WH)and 83% (BW = -24.51+0.21RH+0.35HG+0. 19BL-0.78RL+1.2RW-0.87HW), respectively. R2value for BD in male (BW = -28.91+0.43HG+0.35WH) and female (BW = -10.62+0.27HG+ 0.13WH+0.06BD-0.13HW+0.07BL-0.10SH-0.10RL) was 88and 59%, respectively. It is concluded that the best prediction parameter of BW was HG, WH, BD, RW, EL, RH, BL and HW.

SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 183-196 (2020)
Investigating the Quality of Commercial Beef Cattle Feeds and Feed Ingredients Used in Bangladesh
Authors: Kamal MT , Hashem MA , Mamun M Al , Hossain MM , Razzaque MA , Ritu JH
Published: September 2020

The study was undertaken to evaluate the quality of commercial beef cattle feed and feed ingredients which are available in Bangladesh. For this purpose, chemical analysis and in vitro digestibility (IVD) were estimated for nine commercial feeds and different feed ingredients which were collected from different regions. Chemical analysis of samples was carried out in triplicate for dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), ether extract (EE), ash, acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content. Metabolizable energy (ME) was calculated mathematically for feed samples by using standard formula. The analysis revealed the difference between the manufacturer’s claim and actual analyzed value. In commercial feeds DM content ranged from 90-92%. While CP content of commercial feeds was either lower or higher than the written value of feed industries. In Provita feed CP content (20.72%) was higher and Care feed had much lower CP content (7.54%) than written value. In vitro digestibility of DM in feed ingredients varied from 18.27 in straw to 75.77% in soybean meal. The fiber component (NDF and ADF) was negatively correlated with IVDMD and CP was positively correlated with IVDMD because fiber rich components were less digestible than the non-fibrous component (protein). Analysis of commercial feed samples revealed that the values claimed by the manufacturers are quite different from the actual analyzed values. This is a matter of concern and needs to be checked through better quality control measures by systematic feed analysis and ensure that manufacturers declare the true composition of the marketed feeds.

SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 197-208 (2020)
Effects of Turmeric Powder on Clostridium Perfringens Load in Broiler Chickens
Authors: Ali MZ , Islam MM , Zaman S
Published: September 2020

Necrotic enteritis (NE) is a major economic problem in broiler industry globally and is caused by Clostridium perfringens. The aim of the study was to know the effects of turmeric on C. perfringens in broiler chickens. A total of 3000-day-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks were divided into 6 groups and reared in environment control sheds with similar management. Each group contains 500 chicks and again divided into two subgroups as control and treatment with 250 chicks. In treatment groups added 2gm/kg turmeric powder with basal feeds and reared up to 30 days and follow standard vaccine schedule. Intestinal samples were collected every week from each group to detect C. perfringens load. Bodyweight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and mortality rates were also calculated. The findings were loads of C. perfringens in treatment groups decreased significantly compared to control groups. At 4th week average count of C. perfringens was 4.44±0.12 log CFU/g and 2.68±0.17 log CFU/g in control and treatment groups, respectively. Average chick’s mortality decreased significantly in treatment groups. The flock mortality was decreased significantly in treatment groups (1.40%) compared to control groups (2.17%). The FCR become significantly decreased in treatment groups (1.490) compared to control groups (1.571). Therefore, use of turmeric powder in broiler ration can reduce NE by decreasing C. perfringens loads and it could be a good source of non-antibiotic growth promoter in poultry towards reduce antibiotic resistance and consumer will get a pathogen free rich protein source.

SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 209-218 (2020)
Investigation of Shade Tree Species Used in Tea Garden in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman MA , Moni ZR , Rahman MA , Nasreen S
Published: September 2020

The shade trees are an integral component of tea cultivation in Bangladesh. The shade trees are essential for modulating the environment of the tea ecosystem, enriching the soil fertility, reducing temperature and the evaporative capacity, conserve soil moisture and helps in the control of certain pests and diseases which are positively thermotropic in nature. The shade trees provide partial shade to the tea plants, which is important for improving the quality of the tea leaf. The right type of shade trees and their proper management is a prerequisite for successful tea crop growing. For this persists, a floristic exploration of shade trees was carried out at fifteen tea gardens in Chattogram and Moulvibazar District of Bangladesh from November 2017 to December 2018. During the investigation, a total of 44 species of Angiosperm representing 31 genera of 9 families was enlisted. For every species, scientific name, vernacular name, status, and necessary photographs are mentioned. In the assessment, the Fabaceae family shows the highest number of shade trees comprising 19 genera and 31 species. The most common permanent shade tree species among the tea gardens are Albizia odoratissima, A. chinensis, A. lebbeck, A. lucidior, A. procera, and Derris robusta. Indigofera teysmannii is frequently using as a temporary shade species in all investigated tea gardens. Cajanus cajan, Tephrosia candida, Tephrosia candida, Gliricidia sepium, Erythrina lithosperma and Desmodium gyroides species are also used as temporary shade trees in many tea gardens. Further investigations, however,are required to find out the right type of shade tree species on the growth and yield of tea plants in tea cultivation areas of Bangladesh.

SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 219-237 (2020)
The Scenario of Seedling Production on Floating Beds in Few Selected Areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Moniruzzaman M , Kabir MA , Shahjahan M
Published: September 2020

The study was conducted to reveal various seedling production scenario on floating beds including environmental aspects associating seedling production. Data of various seeding production were collected from total 50 households (HHs) of two villages at Nazirpur Upazila in Pirojpur district of Bangladesh by a pre-tested survey questionnaire. The study showed that 68% farmers did seedling production for business purpose, and 30% as both own and business. During floating cultivation on beds about 50% farmers used their own producing seed and 26% from market. The farmers cultivated 21 different types of vegetables and spices seedlings where highest number of seedling was Bottle gourd (19.11%) followed by Papaya (13.82%) and Chili (12.60%). They used urea as a common fertilizer on floating bed which enriched by TSP (46%) and DAP (40%) during cultivation. It was observed that 32% farmers did seedling cultivation solely as own source of money while 26% got the help from NGOs. After end of the cultivation, 25% beds were sold as compost fertilizer for winter cultivation, 5% were used as own field and 17% farmers utilized the fertilizer as both business and own purpose. The study also revealed that, about 64% of respondent farmers were not suffered by any environmental complications. Adopting modern agrotechnology and minimization of initial cost through subsidy can make this traditional Vasoman Chas has a sustainable agricultural practice.

SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 239-250 (2020)
Documentation of Indigenous Technical Knowledge and Their Application in Pest Management in Western Mid Hill of Nepal
Authors: Naharki K , Jaishi M
Published: September 2020

Indigenous technical knowledge (ITK) are based on the experiences of the local people being passed on from one generation to next and has been used for management of pest since ancient times. A study was conducted to collect and document the ITK and their application in pest management from indigenous communities in western mid hill of Nepal. A total sample size of seventy-five respondents from the indigenous communities of Magar, Gurung, and Newar in Tanahun, Lamjung and Kaski districts of Nepal were interviewed with a semi structured questionnaire. The study revealed that subsistence farmers and semi commercial farmers usually made the most use of ITK while commercial farmers rarely used such indigenous knowledge. Use of ITK was highest (85%) by the subsistence farmers, followed by semi-commercial farmers (60%), and lowest (10%) by commercial farmers in pest management. The transfer of ITK was mostly found to be through past generations. The indigenous technological knowledge being applied in pest management should be documented, promoted, and encouraged in combination with scientific knowledge among the farming communities.

SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 251-261 (2020)
Reform and Digitalization of Pre-trial Proceedings in Criminal Proceedings of the Kyrgyz Republic
Authors: Smanaliev K.
Published: September 2020

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of changes in the model of criminal proceedings in the Kyrgyz Republic and the definition of ‘criminal proceedings’ is given in a new edition. It has been established that pre-trial proceedings as a stage in the criminal process; begins with the registration of statements and messages and is the initial independent stage of the criminal process, manifesting in two forms: investigation and proceedings on misdemeanor cases. It was confirmed that the refusal from the stage of initiating a criminal case was replaced by a new institute of the Unified Register of Crimes and Misdemeanors, which includes a process starting from the moment of electronic registration and a system for recording applications and messages, and ending with the execution of a court sentence. The object of the research is public relations associated with the reform and digitalization of pre-trial proceedings in the Kyrgyz Republic. The subject of the research is the novelties of the criminal procedure legislation of the Kyrgyz Republic regarding pre-trial proceedings. In connection with the latest legislative reforms and digitalization in Kyrgyzstan, a comparative analysis of the state of the criminal procedure legislation of a number of post-Soviet states (Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Georgia, Moldova) on issues related to the electronic system of the unified register of crimes and misconduct seems relevant to the author.
On the Informatization of Criminal Proceedings in the Kyrgyz Republic in the Context of the Introduction of Digital Technologies
Authors: Sydykova Z.
Published: September 2020

The article raises questions about the need to introduce information technologies into the criminal justice of the Kyrgyz Republic in the context of digital transformation. The author believes that the goal of criminal proceedings for the implementation of the concept of legal informatization in the Kyrgyz Republic is the introduction of digital technologies in criminal proceedings, increasing its transparency, reducing the time frame of the criminal process, as well as optimizing the cost of paperwork and providing access to the case materials online. The use of digitalization as a new stage of information technology in criminal proceedings makes it possible to significantly improve the quality and efficiency of criminal proceedings, as well as facilitate the work of law enforcement officers, contributing to the formation of an independent information personality, teach them to make the right decisions and effectively use information resources. The main essence and role of information technology is the provision, storage, processing and perception of information and its accounting. The object of the research is a set of public relations regarding the informatization of criminal proceedings in the context of the introduction of digital technologies. The subject of the research is the norms of criminal procedure legislation on the implementation of electronic justice in Kyrgyzstan. The author came to the conclusion that the demand in making procedural decisions by the subject of a criminal investigation now makes it possible to present digital products (judicial acts) in electronic format and neutralize corruption components, increase greater confidence in the judiciary, ensuring the transparency of legal proceedings. With the help of digital technologies, information processes are rationalized, automated systems for making electronic court decisions are being introduced.
On the Legal Support for the Activities of Khakims in the Republic of Karakalpakstan and Improvement of Their Functions
Authors: Ermashev Zh.
Published: September 2020

The article discusses the legal basis for organizing the activities of the khakims of cities and regions of the Republic of Karakalpakstan, makes a number of proposals aimed at improving the legislation on local authorities and the practice of their activities. In the legislation on local authorities, it is necessary to provide for norms on the responsibility of khakims and local government bodies, on the early termination of the powers of the khakim, as well as on increasing the influence of deputies of local government bodies. In order to strengthen the control functions of the representative body of power, it is necessary to give it the right to pass a vote of no confidence to the khakim as the head of the executive power.
Current State of the Information Security: Formation Mechanisms and Ways to Prevent the Induction of Destructive Ideology Among Adolescents and Youth Under the Influence of Modern Music and Film Culture, Internet Video Content
Authors: Kuzina N.
Published: September 2020

The paper analyzes methods of building the ideology of violence and precedents of using the works of modern youth subculture and mass culture as its vehicle with targeted consideration of the motivational-value model and psychological type of consumers (author and documentary films and video streams, music videos, computer shooter-games) as well as ways of effective counteraction to the specified process in the field of youth and cultural policy. Purpose. To describe the images and motives of violence in modern mass and youth culture in terms of their possible impact on behavioral patterns and destructiveness (among adolescents and youth). Methodology. Includes a typological analysis of the video content (video streams, music videos, auteur and documentary films, shooter-games), a typological analysis of the state of adolescents and youth with socialization issues from dysfunctional in terms of age and clinical psychology, an analysis of diagnostic, rehabilitative, supporting psychological-pedagogical methods of work from the perspective of forming socialization and anticipating growth of the level of aggression and destructiveness among young people. Results. The study identified typological methods and means of transmitting ideology of violence through artistic creation addressing relevant examples, as well as some of the most important methods for shaping destructive ideology in computer games and documentary video content. Practical implications. Results obtained may be used in the work of pedagogical, medical (psychological and psychiatric help) and law enforcement agencies, as well as cultural authorities.