bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of physical exercise on sleep quality in college students: Mediating role of smartphone use
Authors: Xu Chuan-Yi , Zhu Kai-Tuo , Ruan Xiang-yan , Zhu Xiao-Ya , Zhang Yang-Sheng , Tong Wen-Xia , Li Bo
Published: November 2023

Objective

To investigate the effect of physical exercise on sleep quality and the mediating effect of smartphone use behavior in college students.

Methods

A cross-sectional study design was adopted. An online survey of 5,075 college students was conducted using the Physical Activity Rating Scale-3, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale.

Results

The sleep quality of college students was poor, and the proportion of college students with good sleep quality was 23.567%. A significant correlation existed between sleep quality and physical exercise (r = −0.159,P< 0.001) and mobile phone addiction (r = 0.355,P< 0.001). Physical exercise can predict sleep quality in college students (β = −0.011,P< 0.001). Smartphone use plays a part in mediating the process by which physical exercise affects sleep quality.

Conclusion

Chinese college students have poor sleep quality. Physical exercise and smartphone use behavior are important factors affecting the sleep quality of college students. Physical exercise can directly predict the sleep quality of college students and can predict the sleep quality of college students through the mediating effect of smartphone use behavior.
Effect of green value capture on the manufacturing firm performance considering green dynamic capabilities and profitability models
Authors: Li Baohong , Meng Fansheng , Yin Shi , Wen Xiufen
Published: November 2023

Ensuring and improving the green value acquisition of manufacturing enterprises is one of the critical issues to be solved for manufacturing enterprises to achieve green value and high-quality development. Based on the theory of enterprise value acquisition and dynamic capability theory, we explain the "black box" of the relationship between green value creation and enterprise performance of manufacturing enterprises. The logical thread of "green value creation—profit model—enterprise performance" is constructed, and a green value acquisition mechanism model is proposed. Based on 263 questionnaires from Chinese manufacturing enterprises, the model is empirically tested using multiple regression analysis. The results show that green value creation has a positive impact on corporate performance, while the profit model plays a mediating role between green value creation and corporate performance. Green dynamic capability plays a positive moderating role between green value creation and corporate performance, while green active ability plays a positive moderating role between value creation and profit model.
Effects of music intervention combined with progressive muscle relaxation on anxiety, depression, stress and quality of life among women with cancer receiving chemotherapy: A pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Nguyen Khanh Thi , Hoang Huong T. X. , Bui Quang V. , Chan Dorothy N. S. , Choi Kai C. , Chan Carmen W. H.
Published: November 2023

Beneficial effects of music intervention and progressive muscle relaxation alone on psychological issues were reported, however, studies evaluating their combined effects are limited. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary effects of music intervention combined with progressive muscle relaxation on anxiety, depression, stress, and quality of life among breast and gynaecological cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.Methods:The study was carried out from March to May 2022 in an oncology hospital in Vietnam. A single-blinded randomized controlled trial was conducted among 24 women with breast and gynaecological cancer undergoing chemotherapy. The intervention group (n = 12) received a face-to-face training program about music listening and progressive muscle relaxation skills. They then performed the self-practice daily at home for three weeks. The control group (n = 12) received standard care, including health assessment, regular health advice and nutrition consultation. Ten participants in the intervention group were interviewed with open-ended questions to explore the acceptability of the intervention. Anxiety, depression and stress were measured using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, while The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–General was used to evaluate the quality of life. The outcome measurements were collected at baseline (T0), post-intervention (3rdweek, T1) and follow-up (6thweek, T2). Appropriate descriptive statistics were used to depict the outcome measures across study time points.Results:A total of 24 patients were eligible to join, and 20 of them completed the study. Greater reductions in anxiety, depression and stress were observed in the intervention group than in the control group at T1 and T2. Greater improvements on quality of life were found in the intervention group than control group at T1 and T2 with respect to T0. The content analysis supported the acceptable intervention of participants through two themes, perceived beneficial effects on psychological and physical health and willingness to keep practising in the future.Conclusions:Implementing music intervention combined with progressive muscle relaxation is feasible and had a trend in reducing anxiety, depression and stress levels. A larger scale randomized controlled trial is needed to confirm the effect of the intervention on outcomes.

Trial registration:This trial was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov with ID:NCT05262621.
Are the healthcare providers willing and able to respond to disasters: An assessment of tertiary health care system of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Authors: Haroon Muhammad Zeeshan , Thaver Inayat Hussain , Marwat Muhammad Imran
Published: November 2023

For the tertiary health care system to provide adequate care during disasters, willing and able healthcare providers must be available to respond to the abnormal surge of the patients. Health care professionals (HCPs) constantly face a dilemma because of their profession to either respond to disasters or protect themselves. This study was conducted to assess the willingness and ability of HCPs working in the tertiary healthcare system of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to respond to disasters. This cross-sectional survey was conducted in all the 8 tertiary care hospitals of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. For different disaster scenarios, between 6% and 47% of HCP indicated their unwillingness, and between 3% & 41% of HCPs indicated that they were unable to respond to the given disaster scenarios. HCPs with childcare obligation indicated significantly lower willingness (p<0.05) to respond to earthquakes, MCIs, and an outbreak of Influenza, and SARS. Male HCPs showed a significantly (p<0.05) higher willingness to respond to earthquakes, MCIs, and an outbreak of Influenza as compared to their female counterparts. The overall ability indicated by HCPs for various disaster scenarios ranged between 54.1% [95% CI 0.503,0.578] for responding to victims of nuclear war and 96.4% [95% CI 0.947,0.976] for responding to conventional war. The HCPs who indicated childcare obligation showed a significantly lower ability (p<0.05) to respond to environmental disaster, influenza outbreak, and responding to victims of nuclear war. Female HCPs indicated significantly higher ability (p<0.05) as compared to their male counterparts. This survey provides an opportunity for the tertiary healthcare system to build on the findings and develop disaster mitigation plans to address the barriers to improving the HCPs’ availability during disasters.
The impact of the digital economy on low-carbon innovation in the Yangtze River Delta region
Authors: Wu Xiaoli , Pan An
Published: November 2023

This study narrows its focus to the Yangtze River Delta, an important region in China known for its advancements in both digital economy and low-carbon technology. In contrast to previous studies, we also examine the heterogeneous effects between central and non-central cities, as well as the role of local financial development, when analyzing the impact of the digital economy on low-carbon innovation. Based on the data of 41 cities from 2011 to 2019, we find a significant direct promoting effect of the digital economy on low-carbon innovation. Furthermore, the development of the digital economy indirectly enhances low-carbon innovation through local financial development. The heterogeneous analysis reveals a positive impact of the digital economy on low-carbon innovation in both central and non-central cities, with a stronger effect observed in non-central cities. These findings suggest several policy recommendations, including promoting digital economy and finance, green finance, and fostering regional integration in the Yangtze River Delta.
Critically ill patients with COVID-19-associated acute kidney injury treated with kidney replacement therapy: Comparison between the first and second pandemic waves in São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Samaan Farid , Freitas Rafaela Andrade Penalva , Viana Renata , Gâmbaro Lívia , Cunha Karlla , Vieira Tales Dantas , Feitosa Valkercyo , Correa Eric Aragão , Maciel Alexandre Toledo , Aranha Sylvia , Osawa Eduardo Atsushi , Pillar Roberta , Flato Elias Marcos da Silva , da Silva Renata Cristina , Carneiro Elisa , Souza Fabrizzio Batista Guimarães de Lima , Rossi Paula Regina Gan , Abud Munira Bittencourt , Konigsfeld Henrique Pinheiro , da Silva Riberto Garcia , de Souza Ricardo Barbosa Cintra , Coutinho Saurus Mayer , Goes Miguel Ângelo , da Silva Bárbara Antunes Bruno , Zanetta Dirce Maria Trevisan , Burdmann Emmanuel Almeida
Published: November 2023

Introduction

This study aimed to compare the characteristics and outcomes of critically ill patients with COVID-19-associated acute kidney injury (AKI) who were treated with kidney replacement therapy (KRT) in the first and second waves of the pandemic in the megalopolis of Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Methods

A multicenter retrospective study was conducted in 10 intensive care units (ICUs). Patients aged ≥18 years, and treated with KRT due to COVID-19-associated AKI were included. We compared demographic, laboratory and clinical data, KRT parameters and patient outcomes in the first and second COVID-19 waves.

Results

We assessed 656 patients (327 in the first wave and 329 in the second one). Second-wave patients were admitted later (7.1±5.0 vs. 5.6±3.9 days after the onset of symptoms, p<0.001), were younger (61.4±13.7 vs. 63.8±13.6 years, p = 0.023), had a lower frequency of diabetes (37.1% vs. 47.1%, p = 0.009) and obesity (29.5% vs. 40.0%, p = 0.007), had a greater need for vasopressors (93.3% vs. 84.6%, p<0.001) and mechanical ventilation (95.7% vs. 87.8%, p<0.001), and had higher lethality (84.8% vs. 72.7%, p<0.001) than first-wave patients. KRT quality markers were independently associated with a reduction in the OR for death in both pandemic waves.

Conclusions

In the Sao Paulo megalopolis, the lethality of critically ill patients with COVID-19-associated AKI treated with KRT was higher in the second wave of the pandemic, despite these patients being younger and having fewer comorbidities. Potential factors related to this poor outcome were difficulties in health care access, lack of intra-hospital resources, delay vaccination and virus variants.
Counterintuitive relationship between the triglyceride glucose index and diabetic foot in diabetes patients: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Zhaoping , Zhang Minghao , Han Lulu , Fu Lili , Wu Yixia , Chen Haiyan , Feng Li
Published: November 2023

Background

Research has shown that insulin resistance (IR) is a known risk factor for diabetic foot (DF), and the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a reliable and simple indicator of IR. However, less is known about the relationship between the TyG and the risk of DF. Here, we investigated the association between the TyG index and the prevalence of DF.

Methods

The eligible records from the Departments of Endocrinology of Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University were screened (from December 1, 2012, to December 31, 2021), and a total of 8866 patients were enrolled. The TyG index was calculated as ln[(fasting triglycerides (mg/dL)×fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2)]. The continuous variables between the DF and the non-DF groups were compared by Student’s t test or the Mann-Whitney U test, and categorical variables were compared by the chi-square test. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was carried out to estimate the predictive value of the TyG index for DF. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the associations between the quartiles of the TyG index and the risk of DF. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted.

Results

The TyG index was significantly lower in the DF group than in the no-DF group. The logistic regression revealed that an increased TyG index was associated with a lower risk of DF after adjusting for potential confounders. In addition, an ROC analysis indicated the discriminatory ability of the TyG index in DF presence with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.661 (95% CI 0.642–0.680, P < 0.001). Subgroup and sensitivity analysis also supported these robust results.

Conclusions

The TyG index was inversely and dose-dependently associated with the risk of DF in diabetes patients, indicating that elevated TyG index was a protective factor for DF. Future studies are therefore warranted to confirm our finding and to explore the detailed pathological mechanism involved in this process.
Key mechanisms of a gender and socially inclusive community engagement and participatory design approach in the RISE program in Makassar, Indonesia and Suva, Fiji
Authors: Francis Naomi , Batagol Becky , Salinger Allison P. , Meo-Sewabu Litea , Bass Audra C. , Nasir Sudirman , Moschonas Daša , Taruc Ruzka R. , Syamsul Syaidah , Habsji Hamdan , Tela Autiko , Vakarewa Isoa , Prescott Michaela F. , Charles Isabel , Riu Idha , Wilson Alexander , Sawailau Mere Jane , Malumu Losalini , Sinharoy Sheela S.
Published: November 2023

Globally, more than one billion people live in urban informal settlements and experience suboptimal access to safe water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH). Participatory approaches are increasingly being promoted in WASH interventions, but the key elements of these approaches are not well-defined. The Revitalising Informal Settlements and their Environments (RISE) program launched in 2017 uses a participatory approach to co-design water-sensitive infrastructure with residents of 24 urban informal settlements in Makassar, Indonesia and Suva, Fiji. Our objective was to identify key mechanisms of a gender and socially inclusive participatory approach for engaging diverse people in RISE. We conducted and analysed semi-structured in-depth interviews (IDIs) with 49 RISE program staff; IDIs with 29 residents from RISE settlements in Indonesia and Fiji; and 6 focus group discussions (FGDs) with RISE residents in Fiji in 2020–2021, after participatory design activities were complete. Resident participants were purposively selected for representation of women and men; high and low participation in RISE; and different levels of disability/impairment. The question guides were informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), which defines 39 constructs (grouped into five domains) that describe an intervention. The IDI and FGD transcripts were analysed thematically with deductive codes based on the CFIR. For each of the five CFIR domains, the construct that was most relevant to mechanisms for the engagement of diverse people was used for the final analysis. The findings identified several key mechanisms for engaging diverse residents in programs like RISE. Four of these are recommended for future implementation and scale-ups of RISE and similar programs: engaging with residents at the household level (and potentially the individual level); incorporating flexibility and adaptability throughout the program; having a diverse team; and maintaining regular contact and positive rapport between the staff and participants.
Artificial intelligence in social science: A study based on bibliometrics analysis
Authors: Prieto-Gutierrez Juan-Jose , Segado-Boj Francisco , Da Silva França Fabiana
Published: November 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) is gradually changing the planet. Data digitisation, computing infrastructure and machine learning are helping AI tools to spread across all sectors of society. This article presents the results of a bibliometric analysis of AI-related publications in the social sciences over the last ten years (2013-2022). Most of the historical publications are taken into consideration with the aim of identifying research relevance and trends in this field. The results indicate that more than 19,408 articles have been published, 85% from 2008 to 2022, showing that research in this field is increasing significantly year on year. Clear domains or disciplines of research related to AI within the social sciences can be grouped into sub-areas such as law and legal reasoning, education, economics, and ethics. The United States is the country that publishes the most (20%), followed by China (13%). The influence of AI on society is inevitable and the advances can generate great opportunities for innovation and new jobs, but in the medium term it is necessary to adequately face this transition, setting regulations and reviewing the challenges of ethics and responsibility.
Do IT users behave responsibly in terms of cybercrime protection?
Authors: Yarovenko Hanna , Lyeonov Serhiy , Wojcieszek Krzysztof A. , Szira Zoltán
Published: November 2023

This study aims to analyze the behaviour of IT users regarding their personal protection against potential cybercrimes. The research data set is based on surveys conducted by the European Commission in 2020-2021 for 35 European countries. Canonical analysis revealed that 66.67% of cybercrime cases (Phishing, Pharming, Online identity theft, etc.) determine individuals' choice of personal protection method (using a security token, social media logins, electronic identification, etc.). Kohonen's self-organizing maps were used to form 9 clusters of countries depending on the attitude of IT users to personal cybersecurity. The map results showed that individuals behave less responsibly using a security token, electronic identification certificate or card, pin code list or random characters of a password, and other electronic identification procedures. Users from Denmark, the Netherlands, Iceland, Norway, the UK, Austria, and Finland were the most responsible Europeans in terms of personal protection, while people from Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia, Albania, North Macedonia, Bosnia and Herzegovina were the least conscientious about protection.
Gambaran Karakteristik dan Praktik Petugas Puskesmas Dalam Penemuan Kasus Tuberkulosis Paru di Kabupaten Magelang
Authors: Rahayu Atik , Wuryanto Moh Arie , Martini Martini
Published: November 2023

Case Detection Rate of pulmonary Tuberculosis in Magelang District still low. The purpose of this research is to gain characteristics and practices of Public Health Center on case finding of pulmonary tuberculosis in Magelang District in terms of aspects of age, gender, level of education, level of knowledge, length of employment, perception of workload, training history, contact tracing, counseling, networking and practical cases of laboratory officer. This research is a descriptive study. The population is all Pulmonary tuberculosis programs officers in 29 Public Health Center in Magelang District. The total samples are 87 officers, consist of 29 P2TB officers, 29 laboratory officers, 29 medics and paramedics. The sampling technique is purposive sampling. Median of age of P2TB officers is 44 years, mean of medics and paramedics is 39.2 years, and median of laboratory officer is 30 years. Most of respondents are female and background in college-level education. Mean of the length of working for P2TB officer is 9.7 years, median for laboratory officer is 4 years, and median for medical officer and paramedics are 4 years. 79.3% of P2TB officers and 93.1% of medical officers and paramedical had a training history of < 2 training. The level of knowledge of P2TB officer 51.7% in poor category. Contact tracing of P2TB officer 41.4% in poor category. Counseling of P2TB officers 41.4% in poor category. The entire laboratory officer practice fixation and staining in both categories. Networking cases of medical and paramedical staff 51.7% in poor category. Perception workload of medical and paramedical officer 51.7% in weight category. Suggestions for Magelang District health department is that the department should expand networking case by cooperating with private practice doctors and give a priority for officers who have been trained yet to be included in the training on Tuberculosis.
Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap terhadap Kejadian Keputihan pada Remaja
Authors: Oktaviani Meli , Achyar Khamidah , Kusuma Inggar Ratna
Published: November 2023

Leucorrhoea is an unusual discharge other than blood from the vaginal canal, whether smelly or not, and accompanied by local itching. Leucorrhoea in adolescents can be caused by poor genital care. Lack of knowledge and attitudes in protecting the female area causes vaginal discharge. Efforts to improve health can be done through health education. This type of research uses a literature study or literature review with a descriptive research method. This study uses 2 databases: PubMed and Google Scholar. The search strategy method for obtaining journals uses the keywords "Relationship of Knowledge and Attitudes towards Leucorrhoea in Adolescents" or "relationship of knowledge and behavior with vaginal discharge. Furthermore, the available abstract and full text titles were screened for 21 articles and 8 suitable articles were obtained. The results of the study obtained 8 literature that examined the relationship between knowledge and attitudes towards vaginal discharge in adolescents. The conclusion of this study is that there is no significant relationship to the vaginal discharge studied.
Tingkat Pengetahuan Sadari Pada Remaja Putri
Authors: Putri Salsa Alfianty Lasim
Published: November 2023

Background: Breast cancer is a cancer that is the main cause of death in women worldwide. Of all diagnosed cancer cases, breast cancer was ranked second (1.7 million, 11.9%) after lung cancer (1.8 million, 13%). Early detection is a very important first step to find out early the presence of a tumor or lump in the breast so that it can reduce mortality from this cancer. Women who do BSE can find breast cancer at an earlier stage and are more likely to be treated early, thereby reducing the risk death from breast cancer. Research method: This type of research is a literary journal, using two databases, namely Pubmed and Google Scholar. The keywords used were (“adolescent” OR “adolescent”) AND (breast self-examination OR BREASE). After being selected 10 literatures consisted of 7 cross-sectional studies, 1 pre-post intervention study, 1 descriptive study, 1 descriptive and non-experimental study. Conclusion: From the results of the journal literature, the average young woman only knows what BSE is but only occasionally has never even done BSE.
Nemajetní krajané – plus pro stranu? Vliv KSČ na poválečnou reemigraci
Authors: Nedvěd Martin
Published: November 2023

The paper deals with the influence of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia on the remigration to the Czechoslovak Republic after the World War II. Through archival research it seeks to verify the hypothesis that the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia was using its governmental influence acquired after 1945 to hinder the return of ethnically Czech and Slovak farmers from abroad. Although the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia declared its full support for remigration, the sources suggest it feared the remigration of so-called reactionary classes such as farmers and tradesmen. In this light, the delay in the transfers of Czech and Slovak countrymen to Czechoslovakia might be interpreted as a possible “sabotage” in order to settle the vacant land in Czechoslovakia with the inland proletarians (potential communist voters) instead.
Krafl, P. Dějiny církevního práva v českých zemích ve středověku
Authors: Černý Miroslav
Published: November 2023

Book review: Krafl, P. Dějiny církevního práva v českých zemích ve středověku. Olomouc: Středoevropské centrum slovanských studií, Ius canonicum medii aevi, Volumen 3, 2022, 414 s.
The Suspicious Substrate: Calcidius on Grasping Matter
Authors: Bobovnik Nena
Published: November 2023

In the Timaeus, Plato famously acknowledges the receptacle as extremely difficult to comprehend. It is neither intelligible (which is reserved exclusively for the Forms) nor sense-perceptible (as it is a principle far too basic). Instead, as Plato proposes, the receptacle can only be apprehended through a “bastard” sort of “reasoning” (νόθος λογισμός, Tim. 52b1-2.). This paper explores an exegesis of Plato’s claim as offered by Calcidius, the 4th century translator of and commentator on the Timaeus. I identify two distinctive methods Calcidius advances when grappling with the knowability of the material substratum that underpins our world. The first method – analysis (resolutio) – traces its intellectual lineage to earlier philosophical tradition, and Calcidius primarily uses it to uncover the proper nature and ontological characteristics of matter. Conversely, the second method corresponds to the only cognitive grasp of matter Calcidius believes humans are capable of. In his view, we can neither sense-perceive nor rationally understand matter. Instead, matter yields itself only to the cognitive mode of suspicion (suspicio). The paper provides a detailed analysis of Calcidius’ suspicio, delving into its intricacies and exploring the interrelationships between suspicio and resolutio. As such it offers a pioneering and comprehensive exploration of Calcidius’ account of the knowability of matter.
Encoding of nominal predication constructions: a typological investigation in verb-initial languages
Authors: Gong Liwei , Uehara Satoshi
Published: November 2023

Encoding of nominal predication constructions (NPC) is an essential component in typological debates concerning lexical flexibility and parts of speech. This study investigates encoding strategies of NPCs in 65 verb-initial languages from 20 language families. The results indicate that the combinations of a zero strategy and certain other typological features are cross-linguistically disfavored due to non-iconicity. The varying degree of lexical flexibility observed among languages reflects a competition between economy and iconicity, as in many other aspects of linguistic diversity.
Фраземи со компонента мачка/мачор во македонскиот и во рускиот язик
Authors: Мирчевска-Бошева Биљана
Published: November 2023

Phrasemes with a component cat in Macedonian and Russian languages. This paper aim is to analyse the phrasemes in the Macedonian and Russian languages that contain the zoonymic component cat. The exceptional importance and presence of the cat in human life has led to numerous associations related to it, as well as numerous phrasemes. The purpose of this paper is to perceive the associations represented in the phrasemes, as well as to perceive the differences and similarities in this segment of the phraseological fund of the two languages.
Characterization of Recycled Aggregates in Existing Pavement Base Layers
Authors: Titi Hani H. , Sooman Mohammad , Tabatabai Habib
Published: November 2023

The use of recycled pavement materials in transportation infrastructure projects has contributed positively to maintaining a sustainable flow of construction materials and sources. Geotechnical properties of recycled pavement materials play a major role in the suitability of such materials for use in civil infrastructure. This study aimed at evaluating the properties of recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) and reclaimed asphalt pavements (RAP) used as base layer materials in existing hot mix asphalt pavements (with service life of more than 8 years) and comparing them with virgin crushed aggregate (CA) base materials of similar service life. Coring of flexible pavement surface layers at 18 pavement sites was performed to expose the base course layer materials for sampling and testing. Then, the dynamic cone penetrometer (DCP) test was conducted in which the cone penetrated through base layers to the subgrade when possible. Thereafter, base materials were retrieved from the pavement sites for laboratory testing and evaluation. Laboratory tests consisted of particle size analysis, specific gravity and absorption, and Micro-Deval abrasion. Analysis of the particle size distribution showed the presence of high sand size fractions in both RCA and RAP base materials compared with virgin CA base materials. This indicated the recycled materials were crushed/milled to smaller size fractions or degraded under freeze-thaw cycles and traffic loads during the pavement’s service life, or both. The RCA base materials exhibited the highest absorption and mass loss in the Micro-Deval test. The DCP test results were used to predict California bearing ratio (CBR) and resilient modulus (Mr) of base materials. The predicted CBR and resilient modulus of the recycled base materials showed that RCA, RAP, and CA all had comparable strength and modulus values that were high. The investigated recycled RCA and RAP aggregates possessed properties that are comparable with the properties of the virgin CA.
Physical Modeling of a Soft Soil Improved with Stone Columns
Authors: Israr Jahanzaib , Iqbal Ayesha
Published: November 2023

This paper reports on an experimental study conducted on a soft cohesive soil improved with stone columns. The load–deformation behavior of the soil specimen has been captured by varying the number of columns, foundation shape, and stones’ particle gradation. A uniform soil bed has been prepared under controlled density and moisture conditions inside a cubic steel tank and stone columns have been installed. Keeping the vertical compressive load, length, and diameter of stone columns constant, five different stone sizes of uniform gradations having average particle sizes ranging between 1.5 and 11 mm have been examined. Load tests are performed using square- and circular-shaped footing plates, and the physical models have been subsequently simulated using the finite element method. The analysis of results revealed that the foundation shape has insignificant effect on current small-scale model testing, but it may be significant at magnified scale. With the increase in particle size, a better reduction in settlement could be achieved, thus implying better improvement. Observed results indicated settlement of a single column is governed by both punching and bulging of column, whereas in a group, the major settlement takes place because of punching into the soil. Nevertheless, this study provides verified and comprehensive frameworks for both physical and numerical model testing of different soils improved with stone columns that would directly benefit practitioners to optimize a site-specific soil improvement program involving the use of stone columns.
Historic and recent trends of cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms and environmental conditions in Clear Lake, California: A 70-year perspective
Authors: Smith Jayme , Eggleston Emily , Howard Meredith D. A. , Ryan Sarah , Gichuki John , Kennedy Karola , Tyler Alix , Beck Marcus , Huie Stephen , Caron David A.
Published: November 2023

Clear Lake is a large, natural lake in northern California, USA, with many beneficial uses but also substantive environmental issues. The lake has a long history of water quality problems including mercury contamination, pesticide usage, invasive species, and high rates of primary production. In recent years, an increase in cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs) has been documented in the lake, adding to the environmental issues faced by aquatic species present in the lake and the local community. Extensive observations of various physical, chemical, and biological parameters in Clear Lake began in the mid-1900s. The most pertinent of these data sets and findings have been reviewed and analyzed with the intent of improving our understanding of the causes and drivers of cyanoHABs, toxin production, and identifying data gaps. Several parameters including average annual water temperature have remained relatively constant over the past 70 years, although the seasonally averaged water temperatures have shifted in a manner that may now favor cyanobacterial dominance. Clear Lake has also witnessed recent changes in several environmental variables such as total phosphorus concentrations that might contribute to blooms. An analysis of lake conditions prior to and following the enactment of a total maximum daily load (TMDL) for phosphorus in 2007 indicates little measurable influence on total phosphorus concentrations in Clear Lake. The present trajectory of lake chemistry suggests that additional research and management efforts will be needed to address the recurrence of cyanoHABs in the future. Future lake management strategies should include consideration of the role of internal nutrient loads to lessen cyanoHABs. Furthermore, a better understanding of cyanobacterial community interactions and top-down effects on bloom formation within the lake can help guide future cyanoHAB management strategies.
Queering Urbanism: Insurgent Spaces in the Fight for Justice
Authors: Yeros Stathis G.
Published: November 2023

Conflicts about space and access to resources have shaped queer histories from at least 1965 to the present. As spaces associated with middle-class homosexuality enter mainstream urbanity in the United States, cultural assimilation increasingly erases insurgent aspects of these social movements. This gentrification itself leads to queer displacement. Combining urban history, architectural critique, and queer and trans theories, Queering Urbanism traces these phenomena through the history of a network of sites in the San Francisco Bay Area. Within that urban landscape, Stathis G. Yeros investigates how queer people appropriated existing spaces, how they expressed their distinct identities through aesthetic forms, and why they mobilized the language of citizenship to shape place and secure space. Here the legacies of LGBTQ+ rights activism meet contemporary debates about the right to housing and urban life.
A Two-level Method for Modeling Fluid Movement Using a Lattice Boltzmann Model and a Convolutional Neural Network
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute», Novotarskyi M.A., , Kuzmych V.A. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute»
Published: November 2023

A new two-level method for modeling fluid movement in closed surfaces is proposed. The metod simulates an unsteady hydrodynamic process and includes two levels of description of the modeling process. The first level supports the development of the process over time and is implemented based on the Boltzmann lattice model. At the second level, for each time layer, based on the obtained velocity field, the pressure distribution is refined by modeling the solution of the Poisson equation in the working area using a convolutional neural network, which is pre-trained on a training data set formed for a given set of typical problems. A method combi¬ning both technologies is proposed, taking into account the compensation of the compressibi¬lity characteristic. The structure and features of neural network training are described. Experiments were conducted on models simulating the human digestive tract in various states. The performance of the developed method is compared with the numerical way of solving the Poisson equation.
Recognition of User Emotions Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors:   Central Ukrainian State University named after Volodymyr Vinnichenko, Bolilyi V.O. , Sukhovirska L.P. ,   Donetsk National Medical University, Hordiienko Yu.M. ,   Central Ukrainian State University named after Volodymyr Vinnichenko
Published: November 2023

The article explains the face recognition process. The stages of recognition of emotions on the face and groups according to the field of application of FER are described. The main types of emotional artificial intelligence are distinguished. Seven recognized universal emotions are considered. A custom facial recognition script has been developed. Realized the functions of reading and detecting emotions live through a webcam using DeepFace.The research examines the development of the program "Recognition of user emotions using artificial intelligence." The following tasks were implemented in the work: writing the function of detecting a person in a photo or video and teaching the program to distinguish different facial emotions: happiness, sadness, anger, etc., using the DeepFace and OpenCV face recognition package. The developed computer program can be used in various aspects of everyday life: provision of personalized services, health care, employment, education, public safety. The program was tested by students of higher education major 122 "Computer science" of the Central Ukrainian State University named after V. Vinnichenko.
Мathematical model for determining the design parameters of the aerodynamic elements of a deorbit system
Authors:   The Northwestern Polytechnic University, Wang Changqinq , Palii O.S. ,   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine
Published: November 2023

The goal of this paper is to develop a mathematical model for choosing the design parameters of deorbit systems’ aerodynamic elements. To solve the problem of near-Earth space debris, it is proposed to deorbit used space objects. Low-Earth orbits are most clogged. Aerodynamic systems are among the most promising systems for space debris removal from low-Earth orbits. They are quite reliable and cheap, but they are sensitive to exposure to space factors. In this paper, aerodynamic systems are decomposed to identify their hierarchic structure, which has the following levels: a subsystem level, an element level, and a parameter level. Materials for the structural components of an aerodynamic element are analyzed. A set of design parameters for aerodynamic systems is formed and used in the development of a mathematical model for choosing the parameters of an aerodynamic element for deorbit systems of various classes: monoblock ones, frame inflatable ones, ones formed by transforming the structure of a space object into an aerodynamic system, and telescopic ones. The material thickness determination model accounts for shell exposure to the space vacuum, atomic oxygen, and excess pressure. It also accounts for errors in determining the ballistic coefficient of an aerodynamic system with a space debris object to be deorbited, the solar activity index, and the atomic oxygen density. The mathematical model for aerodynamic system parameter choice allows one to construct nomograms for determining the parameters of deorbit systems for space debris objects of various classes from their mass and orbit parameters.
Features of expected cost estimation for R&D’s on spacecraft development
Authors:   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Sazina N.P. , Zhukova L.H. ,   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine
Published: November 2023

The aim of this work is to identify the features of expected cost estimation for R&D’s on spacecraft development. The study is based on a methodological approach to expected cost estimation for R&D’s on spacecraft development. The cost estimation model is based on a method of componentwise analogy for relatively simple spacecraft components, moving along the edges of a weighted oriented tree graph that models the spacecraft technical structure, and fuzzy mathematics methods. The methodological approach will allow one to obtain required R&D expected cost indices early in the spacecraft development when the standardized cost estimation method and parametric methods are difficult to use because of the insufficiency of bug-free design and manufacture documentation and statistical data on labor intensiveness and materials consumption. The design novelty, R&D complexity, and work automation coefficients are determined by converting the index value from a fuzzy number in a fuzzy interval into a crisp number, thus allowing one to reduce the effect of subjective factors. Calculating the engineering-and-economical indices of a spacecraft by all R&D participants using the same methodological approach increases the accuracy and shortens the time of the computational process. Conducting the calculations in a systematic way will fill the statistical base of the space sector with labor intensiveness and materials consumption data needed for estimating the cost of new spacecraft and components thereof using a unified concept package – a glossary. The paper presents the operation sequence of estimating the cost of R&D on spacecraft development and describes the required input data and the output data format.
. Non-stationary mathematical model of the temperature distribution in solar panel layers
Authors:   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Zakharov D.V. , Knysh L.I. ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University
Published: November 2023

This paper presents the results of mathematical modeling of non-stationary temperature fields in a typical solar panel under real environmental conditions. The mathematical model is based on a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations with corresponding initial and boundary conditions. The model takes into account radiation losses from the surface of the panel, which are determined by the Stefan–Boltzmann law, and convective losses due to free and forced convection. The solar flux density was considered constant, but its value depended on the solar panel setting angle. The temperature dependence of the solar cell efficiency was calculated using a standard method. A computational algorithm was developed in C++ using standard mathematical libraries with a linearization of the system of ordinary differential equations. The results were visualized using the gnuplot graphing utility. The temperature distribution in each of the solar panel layers was obtained as a function of the ambient temperature. It was found that an increase in the ambient temperature leads to a significant decrease, up to 40%, in the solar panel efficiency. With increasing ambient temperature, the time of transition to steady operation increases. The solar panel temperature was related to the blackness degree of the protective glass. It was shown that in the Kirchhoff approximation it is necessary that the blackness degree of the selective coating of the protective glass be a maximum, which reduces the temperature of the system and increases its efficiency. The solar panel temperature was related to the wind speed. It was shown that the convective losses increase with the wind speed, which has a favorable effect on the solar panel temperature regime. The results of the study showed the effect of various external environmental factors on the temperature regime of a solar panel and a way to maximize its efficiency by optimizing its parameters. The results may be used in the development and production of improved solar panels with minimum temperature effects on their efficiency.
Static stability of sandwich panels with honeycomb cores made by additive technologies
Authors:   A. Pidgorny Institute of Mechanical Engineering Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Chernobryvko M.V. , Avramov K.V. ,   A. Pidgorny Institute of Mechanical Engineering Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Uspenskyi B.V. ,   A. Pidgorny Institute of Mechanical Engineering Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Marshuba I.S. ,   A. Pidgorny Institute of Mechanical Engineering Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: November 2023

This paper presents approaches to and the results of finite-element analysis of static buckling in cylindrical sandwich panels. The core layer of the panels is a polylactide honeycomb core 3D printed using the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) additive technology. The two thin face layers are made of carbon fiber reinforced polymer. Such structures are promising for use as structural elements of rockets and drones. For them, the determination of stability under longitudinal and radial loads is an important issue. The global buckling of a cylindrical panel under longitudinal loads and the local buckling of a honeycomb core as a plate structure under radial loads are studied. The geometrically nonlinear deformation of a cylindrical panel under a combination of transverse and radial loads is studied. Seven cylindrical sandwich panels with the radius-to-thickness ratio in the range 5 ? R/h ? 50 and a sandwich plate are considered. The effect of the radius of curvature on the characteristics of local and global buckling is investigated. The problem is solved by the finite element method using the ANSYS software system. The convergence of the finite element model was investigated. For this purpose, a strained state under the action of a longitudinal load was studied. The finite-element mesh parameters were selected to ensure the convergence of the results. Two finite element models, an “exact” one and an “approximate” one, were constructed to investigate global buckling under longitudinal loads. The «exact» model includes a honeycomb core represented by its geometry. In the «approximate» model of the sandwich panel, the honeycomb core is replaced with an equivalent homogenized layer. It was found that for longitudinal loads the modes of the global buckling of the cylindrical sandwich panels and the sandwich plate under study are almost the same. It was shown that the critical loads obtained by the «exact» and the «approximate» model are close. It was found that when a cylindrical panel is deformed under the action of a combination of longitudinal and radial subcritical loads, the calculated results for the «exact» and the «approximate» model are close. Therefore, longitudinal buckling can be considered using the homogenized model, which is much simpler in terms of computations.