bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing Novel Fiber Reinforcement Against Conventional Mix by Using Both Natural and Synthetic Fibers in Concrete with Statistical Performance Analysis
Authors: Selvam Vijayan , Muniyandi Tholkapiyan
Published: April 2024

This research investigates the effect of incorporating innovative human hair fibers (HHF) and polypropylene fibers (PPF) into concrete, which has been observed to enhance the material’s strength characteristics. These fibers augment the concrete’s tensile strength and resilience, fortifying it against cracks and elevating its overall endurance. This research delves into the impact of reinforcing concrete specimens with human hair and polypropylene fibers. These specimens are employed in cube, cylinder and flexural beam tests. Both fresh and hardened properties, such as compaction factor and slump, and compressive, split-tensile, and flexural strength at varying curing periods (28 days and 90 days) and the ratios (1%, 2%, and 3%) are considered by weight of cement. Specifically, the 3% polypropylene fiber concrete mix exhibited the highest average compressive strength at both 28 and 90 days, while the 2% polypropylene fiber mix showed the highest split-tensile strength. Flexural strength results followed a similar trend. Results show that 3% HHF addition leads to notable improvements in concrete strength properties, albeit not as significant as with polypropylene fibers. Statistical analysis, including independent samples Kruskal–Wallis tests, was conducted to compare the distributions of strength values across different groups. The statistical analysis indicates significant differences in strength distributions across groups, with p-values below the significance level of 0.05. This underscores HHF’s potential as a sustainable alternative in construction applications, contributing to enhanced concrete strength.
National Security Architecture and the Question of Nigerian Federalism: The Phenomenon of State Police and its Feasibility
Authors: Deribe Abacha Umar
Published: April 2024

Nigeria is one of the countries that operates a federal system of government. Likewise, Nigeria has been a federal state with several security challenges for many decades, despite a strong and unified security architecture controlled by the government at its centre. The matters of national security are vested with the central government in the Exclusive List of the Nigerian 1999 Constitution. Despite the huge budget that the Federal Government has allocated towards security operations and operations for many years, there is dissatisfaction and outcries from several segments of the country regarding the current security situation. This study examined the various discourses on redesigning the Nigerian security architecture, including the calls for state police in a fashion that will appease the comprising federating units. The problem is the reservation and the resentment that some stakeholders are expressing towards the decentralisation of the national security architecture. The theory of decentralisation and devolution of powers was adopted in the study. The study utilised documented sources of data, including books, journal articles, newspapers, reports, and internet sources, for data collection. The data obtained were analysed using content analysis, where themes were designed and discussed concerning the adopted theoretical framework. The study discovered that the agitations for state police were perceived by the Federal Government, some state governments, and stakeholders as a political move to weaken the might of the FG and to muster extra powers by some state governors against the public, the opposition, and the FG. The study recommends, among others, that the calls for the decentralisation of national security architecture should not be jettisoned totally as political, but there is a need for caution in establishing them to avoid further security crises in the future because practically, it is not feasible now.
Sausages Boiled or Cold
Authors: Brears Peter
Published: April 2024

This article provides background on various types of English sausage traditionally made to be boiled -- as opposed to fried -- as well as those introduced from Italy and Germany.
Dan Barber: The Third Plate: Field Notes on the Future of Food
Authors: Swinburne Layinka
Published: April 2024

Dan Barber: The Third Plate: Field Notes on the Future of Food: Abacus, 2016: 486 pp., paperback, £10.99.
The Nihilistic Devastation of Modern Man
Authors:   Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Zhilina Vera
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the problem of the growth of nihilistic tendencies in culture. It is proven that modern transformations of the structure of social relations qualitatively change the concept of nihilism as a way of representing culture. This article proceeds from the assumption that the general crisis in the sphere of axiology allows us to state the origins of modern nihilism in the active process of man's reasoning. Hence, general pessimistic tendencies determine a kind of semantic shift when destruction becomes a simulacrum of creativity. At the same time, it is determined that nihilism is revived in the process of replacing value with evaluation. In a comparative analysis of the achievements of modern philosophical thought, the main facets of the modern nihilistic attitude of man toward the world are revealed. In particular, it is indicated that the emergence of the philosophy of devastation can form the recognition of destruction as a social norm. An attempt is made to trace the concepts of epistemic nihilism. The semantic complexity of modern nihilism for its bearers is revealed. Special attention is paid to such a phenomenon as intellectual humility. New forms of alienation of modern man from himself through the rejection of his own beliefs in the face of some opposing statements are traced. It is shown that the revival of nihilistic tendencies in culture contributes to the expansion of the field of manipulative practices in social life. The risks of illusions of explanatory depth due to the formation of a behavioral strategy of intellectual humility are evidently determined. Aspects of the evolution of nihilism are touched upon. The connection between nihilism and the thesis about the state of total war in the 20th century is traced in the trends of the development of modern philosophical thought. It is determined that the devaluation of life provokes the formation of the illusion of the absolute value of material progress and negatively affects the processes of self-consciousness. The role of microaggressions by marginals in the formation of modern nihilism is revealed.
The Main Question of the Philosophy of Education
Authors:   Higher Attestation Commission of the Republic of Belarus, Fursa Iryna
Published: April 2024

The article postulates the fundamental importance of the educational ideal in the socio-philosophical discussion on the topic of education and in the disciplinary discourse of the philosophy of education. The key milestones in the evolution of the concept of "educational ideal" are described, capturing the ideas that had a strong influence on changing its configuration. The theoretical origins of the study of the phenomenon of the educational ideal can be traced back to the times of antiquity, when the ideas of anthropocentricity and universality of the educational ideal and the duality of its form (meaning and purpose) arose. In subsequent eras, the educational ideal is discussed along these same substantive lines, with some adjustments to the spirit of the times. The ideas of the Enlightenment era became a turning point: the possibility of a universal educational ideal was called into question, and the contradictory idea of its sociocultural and historical-political conditionality was strengthened. The institutional substantive line of the educational ideal is developing. The attitude, rooted in the ideas of the utopians, to think of the ideal through its counter-ideal, which most often was the current state of the system, is being consolidated. The term "educational ideal" appeared in the writings of social thinkers of the 18th and 19th centuries. And it became the object of scientific analysis only in the second half of the 20th century, with the strengthening of the autonomous status of the philosophy of education. In the article, the educational ideal is considered a concatenation of meanings crystallized in the course of the historical development of social thought, reflection on the processes and content of education. The educational ideal is understood as an image of perfection that regulates ways of knowing and acting in the field of education, embodying in all its manifestations the idea of education and objectified in its purpose. The study of historical transformations of the concept "educational ideal" made it possible to determine its characteristics: ontology, invariance of the value core, simultaneous historicity and ahistoricality, conceptuality of content, and ideality of form.
Self-Identification and Value Attitudes Among Youth (Kaliningrad Region Case)
Authors:   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Zimovina Elena
Published: April 2024

The article deals with the issues of self-identification and value attitudes among youth in the Kaliningrad region, which is necessary given the conditions of the exclave position of the region. The basis of the study was the results of a sociological survey of the youth of the region. The sample consisted of 310 people aged 18 to 35 years (147 men and 163 women), with a confidence probability of 95% and an error of ±5%. The information received was processed using the SPSS Statistics program. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was the values measurement system, the authors of which are R. Inglehart and C. Welzel. In particular, the binary opposition they proposed was taken into account: traditional values (religion, family, patriotism, reverence for power, the predominance of public interests over personal ones) and secular-rational values (secularism, independence, a reduced degree of respect for power, political awareness, the dominance of personal interests over public ones). In the course of the study, the author of this paper identified several categories of identity: civil, regional, local, geopolitical, and global. As a result, it was determined that civic identity is of paramount importance among youth. On the contrary, geopolitical identity is extremely poorly expressed. The peculiarities of the religious identity of youth are also revealed when the rarity of participation in religious practices contradicts feelings of religious conviction. The basis of self-identification is values. The most significant values young people call universal values: health, family, security, love, and friendship. Religion, customs, and traditions were the least significant for youth. Individualism is one of the distinctive features inherent in youth. A significant number of respondents stated this. At the same time, attention was paid to the age and gender composition of the survey participants. However, the predominance of the ideas of collectivism in combination with individualistic motives is noted. Based on the above, the author concludes that the youth of the Kaliningrad region is characterized by a combination of traditional and secular-rational values.
Development of an experimental technique for orthotopic left lung transplantation in a rabbit model
Authors: Bogdanov V. K. , Pashkov I. V. , Yakunin Ya. S. , Stakhanova E. A. , Guluev A. Z. , Kuleshov A. P. , Esipova O. Yu. , Grudinin N. V.
Published: April 2024

Objective: to develop, master and evaluate the efficiency of an isolated lung transplantation (LT) technique on a rabbit animal model using Perfadex Plus® solution for cold static storage. Materials and methods. Scottish Giant rabbits (n = 20) were used in this study and divided into two groups: donors and recipients. Donor lungs were preserved with Perfadex Plus® solution and stored for 6 hours at 4 °C. Recipient animals underwent unilateral orthotopic left LT. The postoperative follow-up period was 24 hours. Laboratory and instrumental control with assessment of blood gas composition, lactate level, ventilation parameters, and central hemodynamic parameters, was performed during the follow-up. Chest X-ray in direct projection was performed twice, and at the end of follow-up, material was taken for histologic examination. Results. We obtained a high oxygenation index in the post-transplant period (>350 at p < 0.023), as well as physiological indicators of lactate (3 ± 0.3 mmol/L at p < 0.002) and peak inspiratory pressure (15 ± 1 cmH2O, p < 0.001). Radiological examination showed no radiological signs of severe primary graft dysfunction in all cases (mean RALE score 1), which was confirmed by histological studies. Conclusion. Left LT in rabbits is possible, the LT technique on a biological rabbit model using Perfadex Plus® solution is valid and efficient with the achievement of satisfactory gas exchange, ventilation and metabolism parameters.
Fabrication of a 3D printed everolimus-eluting stent made of thermoplastic polyurethane and polylactide
Authors: Bekov M. T. , Pashkov I. V. , Smirnov K. S. , Yakunin Ya. S. , Shilkin D. N. , Chashchin I. S. , Ivanova N. M. , Tsirulnikova O. M. , Gautier S. V.
Published: April 2024

Bronchial stenoses are one of the most common airways complications after lung transplantation. One of the main methods to restore airway patency is bronchial stenting. However, bronchial stenting is associated with a number of complications, such as stent migration, granulation tissue formation along the proximal and distal edges, and mucus obstruction of the lumen. This article demonstrates the possibility of manufacturing an everolimus-eluting stent from thermoplastic polyurethane and polylactide using 3D printing.
Implantation of HeartMate III ventricular assist devices in children after surgical treatment of complex congenital heart defect: first experience
Authors: Shatalov K. V. , Makhalin M. V. , Chupina M. A. , Goluhova E. Z.
Published: April 2024

Background. There is quite a high number of patients with advanced heart failure (HF) who have undergone surgical treatment for complex congenital heart defects. Implantation of mechanical circulatory support systems is the only treatment option for patients with refractory end-stage heart failure. Only a few centers have experience in implantation of ventricular assist devices (VAD) in children, which is a major challenge for modern pediatric cardiac surgery. Objective: to present our first experience of implantation of HeartMate III VADs in patients after surgical correction of complex congenital heart defects. Materials and methods. From 2021 to 2022, at Bakulev Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, four HeartMate III systems were implanted in children with advanced HF, who had previously undergone surgery for a complex congenital heart defect. In one case, aortic valve implantation was carried out simultaneously with VAD implantation. Results. All patients were discharged from the center. One patient developed right-sided heart failure intraoperatively, which required the use of a right ventricular assist device (RVAD) for 8 days. There were no complications from the central nervous system, bleeding, pump thrombosis, or infection. Conclusion. HeartMate III can be implanted in patients with body weight ≥21 kg and BSA ≥0.88 m2 . Children’s tolerance to physical activity increases, they are fully adapted socially, and can attend school.
Systematic analysis of anthropobiomechanical and pathological conditions of dancers’ feet
Authors: Karaseva Alina , Kostyleva Valentina
Published: April 2024

The article examines the anthropometric, biomechanical and pathological conditions of dancers’ feet, which are taken into account when designing shoes for various purposes and their corrective devices.

An analysis of the work of the lower limbs of classical choreography dancers is presented. The basis of ballet movements is the inversion of the legs (rotation of the legs in the hip joints with the feet turned outward), characterized by high-amplitude hip retraction, unfoldment of the knee and ankle joints, which contradicts the natural vertical position of the human body, reduces the area of foot support, but at the same time gives a feeling of greater stability of ballet posture. The qualities of the «ballet foot» due to professional necessity are considered: flexibility, elasticity, sufficient strength and strength endurance. In the process of studying body movement when performing various elements of classical ballet dance, information about the features of the basic positions of most dance movements is systematized.

Due to the specific loads constantly acting on the foot, injuries and pathologies inherent in ballet dancers arise. Biomechanical disorders, occupational injuries and pathological conditions of dancers’ feet, characteristic only for ballet dancers, have been studied: thickening of the compact substance of the metatarsal bones, valgus deviation of the thumb (deformation of the first ray of the foot, characterized by reduction of the first metatarsal bone (inside) and deviation of the big (first) toe (outside), deforming arthrosis of the first metatarsal joint, the development of cyst-like restructuring of the head of the I-th metatarsal bone, etc. The connection of the occurrence of transverse and longitudinal flat feet with the constant wearing of soft or rigid ballet shoes is presented.

A systematic analysis of occupational injuries and pathological conditions of ballet dancers’ feet is presented, including the cause, methods of diagnosis and prevention, and a schematic image. It is determined that in almost every case, the prevention of the occurrence of certain pathological conditions is the wearing of rational shoes, orthopedic and shoes with corrective devices, including the processes of rehabilitation of the dancer. The systematized information about the work of the lower extremities, pathological conditions, injuries and deformations of the dancers’ feet allowed us to identify the necessary parameters of everyday shoes for the prevention of various diseases.

The article is part of a series of publications within the framework of scientific work
Applying Evidence to the Aspiration for Equity in Children’s Disability Services
Authors: OLeary Noreen , Moran Geraldine
Published: April 2024

Developmental disability is a universal issue, affecting millions of children, adolescents and families globally. Many children and young people will require access to and support from disability services. Development of such services has often been piecemeal and requiring reconfiguration, which is a complex process. The aim of this research was to evaluate the evidence-base underpinning the  programme of disability reconfiguration in Ireland. A review of relevant policy documents highlighted limited analysis of research and practice evidence to inform policy development and implementation.  Many challenges have arisen during reconfiguration such as lengthy waiting lists and high staff turnover. While there are plans in train to increase disability resourcing, it is contended that a root and branch review of the underlying policy is undertaken, with a focus on integrating best available research and practice evidence.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON THE APPLICATION POTENTIAL OF FINLESS HEAT EXCHANGER WITH MINI-DIAMETER TUBES UTILIZED AS AIR HEATER OR AIR COOLER
Authors: Zhan Binfei , Wang Zhichao , Shao Shuangquan , Xu Zhaowei , Li Jiandong , Gou Xiaoxi  , Jing Yan , Han Lichao
Published: April 2024

Increasing the ratio of the internal and external surface areas of heat exchangers is ordinarily considered to be an
effective way of improving performance. In this paper, a novel finless heat exchanger with mini-diameter tubes used as air heater or air cooler is proposed. In order to fully understand the performance of this novel type of heat exchanger, a test bench was established. The heating and cooling performances were tested according to relevant standard specifications. Furthermore, the heat exchanger was compared with seven conventional heat exchangers. This novel
heat exchanger has excellent surface heat transfer temperature difference uniformity. Relative to the seven traditional heat exchangers examined, this novel design demonstrated remarkable heat transfer enhancements, registering gains of at least 173% as an air heater and a staggering 277% as an air cooler. However, it also exhibited elevated waterside flow resistances. Critically, conventional empirical heat transfer equations proved suboptimal for this system, necessitating modifications that yielded new coefficients: C = 0.0839 and n = 0.992.
Automation and digitalisation of transport forwarding services or logistics
Authors: Gizetdinov Ramil
Published: April 2024

With the spread of globalisation, the transition of various states to common standards, including in the field of international freight transportation, becomes especially relevant. The purpose of this work is to assess the effectiveness of logistics in examples of countries that are members of the Commonwealth of Independent States, as well as the USA, to compare them and identify key trends in the development of the field of road freight transport. In this work, methods of statistical analysis and forecasting were applied, graphs of the logistics efficiency index of the countries studied were drawn up and the most promising international transport and logistics projects were identified. As a result, logistics performance indices were obtained in the context of indicators from 2007 to 2023, and the average Commonwealth indicator was determined and compared with a similar indicator of the USA. Also, key innovations in the field of transport services were considered, allowing Western companies to have a significant advantage in the development of logistics efficiency. The prospects of Commonwealth countries in the leading Eurasian transport corridors and the advantages of such integration in comparison with intra-union projects were determined.
Transformation of the Logistics Infrastructure of the Russian Market E-Commerce
Authors: Kholmovsky Stanislav , Silantev Aleksandr , Maletskaya Marina
Published: April 2024

The growth of the e-commerce market in the last decade has caused a radical change in the logistics infrastructure serving this market. The transformation of the sector resulted both in the growth of quantitative indicators of the industry (the scale of domestic and international transportation, the number of shipments), and in qualitative changes (the emergence of multi-format logistics intermediaries, the development of new categories of logistics intermediaries, the strengthening of the role of marketplaces). The purpose of study is to assess the trends in the development of the logistics infrastructure of the e-commerce market, to determine the factors that determine the change in the industry in the new economic conditions. The information base of the study was the data of statistical reporting and analytical reviews of the industry. The object of the study is the logistics infrastructure of the Russian e-commerce market. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the systematization of the factors that determine the development of the infrastructure of the market in question. The prospects for the development of the e-commerce market in the context of limited economic growth and a decrease in real incomes of the country's population, sanctions restrictions that reduce the size of cross-border trade and the possibility of cooperation with Western logistics companies have been studied. The dependence of the development of the Internet sales sector on general economic processes, the level of penetration of the Internet among Russian consumers is considered. The parameters of the transformation of the logistics infrastructure are determined by the general state of the country's economy, the prospects for the development of logistics technologies and marketing solutions. At the same time, the logistics infrastructure and online commerce have a mutually positive impact on each other, causing both quantitative changes (in terms of increasing the number of purchases made, expanding the geography of deliveries, reducing the timing of online orders) and qualitative changes (improving the quality of service for participants market, the emergence of new types of logistics intermediaries).
Most Common English Pronunciation Mistakes for Russian Secondary School Students
Authors: Kitova Elena , Batashova Olga
Published: April 2024

Successful communication in a foreign language, for example English, requires the development of numerous skills, including phonetic ones. Clear and correct pronunciation is a prerequisite for understanding the speaker in oral communication, especially in the increasingly popular distant format. However, current school programs in English pay little attention to the development of correct pronunciation skills, even in elementary school where these skills should be primarily developed and supported. It is argued that such a gap in the programs will inevitably lead to persistent pronunciation defects among school students. This idea was tested in a survey of two groups of fifth grade secondary school students. The survey consisted of two stages. First, the students read aloud a text, which allowed the authors to identify three types of defects in their reading skills. At the second stage, it was demonstrated that five English sounds — [θ], [ð], [w], [ɜː] и [r] — were the most difficult ones for the survey participants. Since all state schools work according to the same educational standards, and grading dominantly depends on the results of written tests, this situation can be considered widespread. The authors argue that various pronunciation games should be most effective for correcting the pronunciation mistakes for the students of this age group.
El soneto «Mundo continuo» de Jorge Guillén y un experimento de recepción y crítica literarias
Authors: Garbisu Buesa Margarita
Published: April 2024

En 1958 Jorge Guillén llevó a cabo un experimento de crítica literaria a partir de «Mundo continuo», un soneto de Cántico. Ante la interpretación discrepante con la del autor, dictada por un comentarista, Guillén pidió por carta a seis expertos en su obra que aportaran su propia lectura del poema. Solo la lectura de uno de ellos coincidió con la del poeta. El presente trabajo da a conocer y analiza esta iniciativa, para lo que se han rescatado las cartas de respuesta –inéditas– de sus participantes, en lo que se convierte en un interesante ejercicio de recepción e interpretación literarias.
Alteridad
Authors: Fernández Poncela Ana María
Published: April 2024

En los últimos tiempos ha habido un amplio y reiterado discurso político incluyente de la diversidad social. En tiempos de pandemia curiosamente aparece una postura única global y hegemónica. Un discurso y unas medidas que la mayoría de la población acepta, cumple y aplaude. Este trabajo realiza una revisión sobre la opinión y valoración de que son objeto por parte de la sociedad sujetos con concepciones y acciones diferentes; en concreto sobre virus, emociones, medidas, y la libertad. A través de entrevistas a la población se persigue reconstruir la crítica hacia estas miradas disímiles, desde la aportación teórica de la construcción de la alteridad. Los hallazgos muestran una configuración de una alteridad interna negativa de quien no cree en la pandemia y no sigue las medidas, calificados de ignorantes e irresponsables, considerados culpables de que no acabe, a quienes hay que convencer o sancionar y excluir.
Expulsiones o motivaciones por una movilidad académica de alto nivel en el ámbito internacional
Authors: Vivares Lopera Juan Camilo , Piñeiro Aguiar Eleder
Published: April 2024

La migración altamente cualificada es el tema principal de este artículo el cual aborda la cuestión desde una mirada cualitativa a un grupo de doctores (Ph.D.) españoles autóctonos en calidad de migrantes asentados en la República del Ecuador durante el periodo 2008-2018. Se da inicio mediante una revisión de los aportes empíricos y teóricos que procuran dar luces sobre el fenómeno migratorio internacional a nivel general, pero también otros más orientados y próximos a la movilidad internacional altamente cualificada. Asimismo, se ofrece un apartado metodológico sobre la investigación la cual se llevó a cabo bajo una línea de entrevistas en profundidad semiestructuradas. El trabajo desarrolla varios campos como los resultados, discusiones y conclusiones respecto de los hallazgos obtenidos mediante el análisis de los aportes de este grupo de científicos sociales.
Research of Motivational Factors for Students’ Entrepreneurship Activities (In Russ.)
Authors:   ITMO University, Stazharova D.M. , Sysoenko M.V. ,   ITMO University, Kanunnikova K.K. ,   ITMO University
Published: April 2024

In the Russian Federation young social-economic phenomenon of student entrepreneurship is actively developing, supported at the federal and regional levels. However, the support provided by governmental and regional bodies is insufficient, and the fundamental aspect of the issue is the understanding of motivational factors that can be decisive for students when choosing this path of personal development, conveying the advantages of running their own project and demonstrating successful stories. This article addresses the questions of motivational factors that drive students in choosing entrepreneurial activities, and the authors examine the results of a sociological study conducted among stu-dents at ITMO University, with a focus on a similar study conducted in 2022. The conducted research contributes to the study of the motivational aspects of student entrepreneurship and identifies inhibiting factors.
The Relationship Between Crown Shape and Root Canal Morphology of Maxillary Second Molars in an Iraqi Sub-population Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT)
Authors: Ibrahim Rawa
Published: April 2024

Objective: This study aimed to look into how crown shape affected the architecture of the root canals.

Methods: Nine hundred and fifty-four CBCT scans of maxillary second molars were evaluated. The relation between the crown shapeand sex, root number, and root canals was determined. The frequency of the second canal in the mesiobuccal root (MB2), its agerelation, and the symmetry of the concurrence of anatomical variations in contralateral molars were analyzed. The chi-square test wasused for the analysis of the outcomes. It was deemed significant at P< 0.05.

Results: Overall, rhomboidal-shaped crowns comprised 60.1% of all crowns, while heart-shaped crowns made up 39.9%. Three-rootedteeth were the most common (74.5%), followed by two-rooted teeth (11.9%) and one-rooted teeth (8.5%), while four-rooted teeth madeup only 5% of all samples. The most prevalent result in terms of the canal number was three canals (67%), followed by four canals(24.8%), two canals (7.3%), one canal (0.6%), and five canals (0.4%). Males were less likely to have crowns with a heart-shapedstructure than females. The rhomboidal crown (22%) had a higher occurrence of MB2 canals when compared to the heart-shaped crown (2.8%).

Conclusions: Given the constraints of this research, it would seem that the rhomboid form of the upper second molar crown is moreprevalent, with a greater tendency to have three and four roots and the presence of MB2 than the heart-shaped form.
The Status and Function of Passion in Human Acts: In the Context of Medieval Christianity
Authors:   The Korean Society for the Study of Moral Education, Choi Eun-Sun
Published: April 2024

This article is a study to explore the theory of passion in Thomas Aquinas’s Moral Theology from a pedagogical perspective. Aquinas’s discussion on the passions is an advantageous position in examining how the philosophical discussion on the passions that started in ancient times developed in the medieval Christian context. As a matter of fact, on the one hand, his discussion can be seen as representing the tradition of medieval Christianity as it is based on the Bible and the thoughts of the Church Fathers, and on the other hand, it can be seen as reflecting discussion of ancient philosophy as it is based on Aristotle’s discussions of metaphysics and ethics.
To this end, first, the view on human nature was confirmed through the doctrine of original sin regarding the origin of sins as the context in which passion was dealt with in medieval Christianity. Next, the study attempted to examine the practical impact of the theoretical discussion on passion through the doctrine of capital sins regarding the aspects of sins on the moral life of medieval people, especially through the ascetic life of the monastic system. According to Aquinas, original sin corresponds to the sin of human nature, and it is not simply due to the disorderly action of a single element called passion. The privation of original justice, whereby the will was made subject to God, is the formal element in original sin; while every other disorder of the soul’s powers, is a kind of material element in respect of original sin. On the other hand, cardinal sins correspond to the sin of an individual personality, and it can be defined as a disorder that appears in relation to the good pursued by certain areas of human nature. These doctrines can be seen not only as an understanding and explanation of human existence, but also as directing educational practice regarding moral life, and rather, they can be seen as being justified by educational practice. Passion can become materials for sin and vice but at the same time, it can also become materials for ethical virtues through its interaction with reason. We are given educational tasks to continuously ethically explore the meaning of goodness and to form habits of virtue.
PROFICIENCY OF TEACHERS' PERCEPTIONS OF DISTANCE EDUCATION AND TECHNOLOGY USAGE COMPETENCIES: A META-ANALYSIS STUDY
Authors: Varlik Savas
Published: April 2024

In this meta-analysis study, it was aimed to examine the perceptions of distance education and the effect size of technology usage competencies by using meta-analysis method. In the meta-evaluation carried for this purpose, twenty-eight studies that met the criteria for inclusion in the research were reached. By combining these studies, 11.797 sample groups were studied. In order to reach a general decision in the research, a funnel plot graph was drawn before statistical calculations were made. Statistical calculations were performed in order to make a general impression decision about the publication bias in the funnel plot diagram. When the statistical analysis results and the diagram graph results were combined, it was determined that there was no publication bias in the studies included in the study. Then, a heterogeneity test was performed to determine the model type of the research. According to the results of the heterogeneity test, it was decided that this research should be interpreted according to the type of random effects model. For heterogeneity, publication type, school type, and branches were aimed as moderators. It was observed that the meta-analysis study had a small distribution of perceptions of distance education and technology usage competencies, that the variables of publication type, school type and distribution departments did not have a moderator unit in the calculations done on the moderator, but it was concluded that the effect sizes of the studies published as articles, the studies carried out in secondary education institutions and the studies on mathematics teachers had a relatively larger effect size than the others.
TEACHERS’ OPINIONS ON TECHNOLOGY LEADERSHIP ROLES OF SCHOOL PRINCIPALS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Simsek Yucel , Sert Tamer , Himmetoglu Dal Beyza
Published: April 2024

The main purpose of this study is to examine the opinions of teachers about technology leadership roles of school principals during the Covid-19 pandemic. The study, which utilized qualitative research methods, was designed as a survey study. Sample group of the study constituted of 259 teachers. Data of the study was collected with “Elementary School Principals’ Technology Leadership Role Scale” and analyzed via descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA and Mann Whitney-U test. According to the results, both elementary school teachers and subject matter teachers think that school principals successfully demonstrated the role of technology leadership roles during the Covid-19 pandemic. As a result of the analyses conducted to determine whether teachers' opinions vary according to various variables, it was concluded that there are no differences in terms of the entire scale and its dimensions based on genders and seniority of teachers. In terms of the working domain, it was seen the opinions of elementary school teachers on vision dimension are higher than those of subject matter teachers. Based on the results, some recommendations which can contribute to both implementation and theory have been developed. Accordingly, conducing researches which employ multiple data collection methods and tools to investigate technology leadership roles of school principals is considered important.
THE INVESTIGATION OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ELEMENTS AND TYPOLOGIES IN A GIGA OPEN UNIVERSITY: ANADOLU UNIVERSITY OPEN EDUCATION FACULTY 40TH YEAR RESEARCH
Authors: Kiyik Kicir Guzin , Altunoglu Asu
Published: April 2024

Organizational culture acts as the mortar that connects the bricks. Every institution has its own unique culture which has been adopted and shared by all employees over the years. As establishment stories, ways of doing business, and communication styles change, culture also adopts itself to these in a way that is specific to that organization. Since there is no single understanding of culture covering all types of institutions, research has focused on classifying the concept of organizational culture according to types and concentrated on situational studies. As in for-profit businesses, culture is also significant in organizations that prioritize social goals. In this research, an academic organization within the realm of public institutions is discussed. The purpose of the article is to reveal the functioning of the elements that make up the organizational culture of the Open Education Faculty in the institution and the types of culture that are seen as dominant in the organization. In the case study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with the managers who have taken important roles in the history of the institution, and the documents containing information about the faculty culture were analyzed. The results of the qualitative content analysis revealed that Anadolu University Open Education Faculty has a strong and established culture, and this contributes to the work done and institutional development. Considering the dominant cultural styles in the institution; it is noteworthy that it started as an effective, collaborative, dynamic and work-based culture. With the institutional growth being experienced over time, the faculty culture has evolved towards a more protective, bureaucratic, and analytical one due to the difficulties in the organizational environment and the risks in the decisions taken. However, considering the scope, structural features, and stakeholder diversity of open education at home and abroad, the faculty still maintains a dynamic, collaborative and developmental cultural style with its ability to coordinate between units, its flexibility to respond to environmental changes, and its efforts to take innovative steps.
A RESEARCH ON THE EFFICIENCY OF DISTANCE EDUCATION IN UNIVERSITIES DURING THE PANDEMIC
Authors: Bulunmaz Baris , Bilge Ramazan
Published: April 2024

During the pandemic period, there have been such upheavals from production methods to distribution strategies, and from supply methods to corporate functioning. Accordingly, it would not be wrong to say that all companies and sectors, regardless of national or international, are part of this fundamental transformation. When the education sector was evaluated from the same perspective, it is possible to say that it is one of the sectors most affected by the differences created by this pandemic. For instance, very soon after the pandemic, almost all higher education institutions switched to distance education activities instead of face-to-face education. This study aims to examine the effects of the devastation caused by the pandemic on students at the higher education level in the context of efficiency. In this research, the criteria has been set as which university students’ efficiency was achieved during the distance education process, and the research included 1604 participants from 15 universities, who formed the study’s sample. The data obtained was subjected to reliability and validity analysis, and it was by using the SPSS program, and the results were examined with different dimensions.
THE ROLE OF GEODESY IN MONITORING GEOLOGICAL PROCESSES AND NATURAL DISASTERS TO PREVENT NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Bihun Mykola
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the study is to analyze the contribution of geodetic methods and technologies to the detection, assessment and monitoring of geological processes and natural disasters in order to minimize their dangerous consequences for society and the environment. Research methodology. remote sensing of the Earth, the use of satellite images and aerial photography to collect data on geological processes and the state of the environment. Method of geodetic monitoring. tracking changes in the position of objects over time, which allows detecting soil micromovements, potential landslides and other deformations. GIS technologies (geoinformation systems). Integrating and analyzing geodata to model geological processes and natural disasters, creating thematic maps that can display potential risks and assist in response planning. The results. The task of monitoring geological changes and natural disasters using cartographic methods designed to work with many users has been set and solved, significantly increasing the level of safety and prompt response to emergency events. An important aspect in the implementation of geodetic observations is the use of an integrated approach that includes field research, geodetic analysis and remote sensing data. This ensures higher accuracy and efficiency of monitoring. Scientific novelty. The research focuses on identifying effective approaches to the collection, processing and analysis of spatial data that can be used for timely prediction and prevention of catastrophic events, as well as for emergency response planning. The developed adapted model of risk assessment of natural emergency situations, which is based on the analysis of terrain conditions at various times, allows to increase the accuracy of risk assessments. Practical significance. The use of remote monitoring methods ensures prompt receipt of information and the possibility of taking measures for nature protection in a timely manner. The conceptual model made it possible to identify the factors of man-made influence, assess the condition of soils and vegetation, as well as perform a cartographic analysis of disturbed lands in order to develop measures for their restoration. The created thematic maps of the dynamics of disturbed lands serve as a basis for making management decisions aimed at systematic restoration and reduction of negative man-made impacts, opening up new perspectives for the use of interactive technologies in geodesy.
MODERNIZATION OF THE HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM IN UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF IMPLEMENTING AUTONOMY OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Derkach Oleksandr
Published: April 2024

B a c k g r ou nd . The essence of autonomy of higher education institutions has been considered, and an overview and analysis of the problems that have accumulated in the domestic higher education system have been conducted. Overcoming these problems has shown positive results, and certain recommendations have been provided regarding the formation of university autonomy as a means of addressing systemic issues in domestic higher education. An overview and analysis of the problems that have accumulated in the domestic higher education system have been conducted. It is noted that these problems can be overcome through the modernization of higher education in the direction of autonomy. It is empha- sized that positive results can be achieved by ensuring greater freedom in university governance, implementing principles of transpar- ency, openness, and social responsibility. The purpose of the article is to investigate the state of implementing autonomy in domestic higher education institutions in the pro- cess of modernizing the higher education system in Ukraine. Re su lt s . Building a modern higher education system that can compete with global systems requires the introduction of innovative approaches, flexible training programs, and the promotion of students' creativity and self-realization. In addition, it is important to provide adequate support and funding for higher education to ensure quality infrastructure development, modern technologies, research, and support for talented scientists. C onc lu si on s . So, here's the deal, modernization of higher education in Ukraine towards autonomy is a complex and long-term process that requires careful analysis, planning, and involvement of all stakeholders. It is important to create effective governance mechanisms, ensure openness and transparency of processes, and engage the general public in dialogue and decision-making.
THE USE OF CHATBOTS IN STUDENT EDUCATION
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, ZHYKHORSKA Oksana
Published: April 2024

B a c k g r ou nd . The article considers aspects of the use of chatbots in education and their potential to optimize the work of teachers and improve the learning process. The article identifies the areas of activity of teachers in which the use of chatbots for various purposes will optimize work, automate repetitive and routine tasks: preparation for classes and development of methodological support, assessment of students' learning outcomes, providing students with access to educational materials, communication with students, and organization of their own working time. The article provides a list of online courses that help teachers to effectively use chatbots in their professional activities and design them on their own. Purpose and objectives. It is found out that the use of chatbots can improve the organization of the educational process; improve the support of learning using distance technologies; increase the level of interactivity and playfulness of the educational process; promote the creation of an inclusive educational environment and personalization of learning; simplify the adaptation process of applicants and foreign students; improve the quality of informing applicants and conducting career guidance; automate the provision of information, psychological, legal, social support to all students. Re su lt s . In general, the use of chatbots in student education opens up many new opportunities to provide effective, accessible, and modern education that meets the requirements of modern society and the labor market. Chatbots are actively used by higher education institutions to increase the interactivity of learning, organize online learning, and support learning using distance technologies. C onc lu si on s . Chatbots help to organize the educational process for both teachers and students, personalize learning, and adapt the educational environment to the needs and capabilities of a particular user.