bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kicking Back, not Leaning In
Authors: Schwartz Madeleine
Published: July 2013

Work, and in particular white, professional woman's work is at the center of contemporary feminist discourse. Newspaper articles discuss the glass ceiling and the inner lives of female CEOs; opinion pieces advise on proving oneself at the office without neglecting a family. Fall in love with your job so that it doesn't feel like effort, they say. But don't neglect your family: too much time with that BlackBerry could make your child a "smartphone orphan." A sampling of articles in the past year might lead a person to conclude that the key problem facing women today is how to become better workers.
From Chavismo to a Democratic Left in Venezuela
Authors: Lecuna Antonio
Published: July 2013

In April, Hugo Chávez's handpicked political heir, Nicolás Maduro, was elected president of Venezuela in an unexpectedly close race. Maduro will try to continue the Chavismo revolution, amid accusations of electoral fraud and the extreme polarization of the political landscape. But to be successful, he needs to speed the transformation of his party, the Partido Socialista Unido de Venezuela (PSUV) from an institution bound to the memory of its flawed yet charismatic founder into one that maintains a clear division of power and vigorous internal debate.
The Typo Slayer
Authors: Phillips Maxine
Published: July 2013

Meeting those deadlines, learning the lessons of type has been "steady work," not unlike the larger socialist project. The quarterly rhythm of choosing themes, finding authors, shaping articles, exploring issues,clarifying arguments, and contributing to leftwing thought has never been boring. And now that type has leapt into the ether, you, our readers, don't have to wait three months for the corrections.
Cli-Fi: Birth of a Genre
Authors: Tuhus-Dubrow Rebecca
Published: July 2013

Makepeace Hatfield, the heroine of Marcel Theroux's 2009 novel Far North, is one of the last survivors of a Siberian settlement. Her father was an early settler: an American Quaker who fled a decadent world for a frontiersman's life. In the Siberian summer, he discovered fertile terrain, purple and brown, and water that "heaved with salmon," as Makepeace recalls. "Nothing I've known in the Far North resembles the land of ice that people expected him to find here."
Austerity Agonistes
Authors: Levinson Mark
Published: July 2013

More disheartening than the economic catastrophe in the United States and Europe is that government response is making the crisis worse. The response is austerity, which Mark Blyth, in Austerity, defines as "the policy of cutting the state's budget to promote growth" and which Robert Kuttner, in Debtors' Prison, labels "Agony Economics." Both books—informed, passionate, at times angry—document the failure of austerity, detail the resulting human suffering and untangle the historical and ideological origins of austerity.
Bosnia Today: Despair, Hope, and History
Authors: Hunt William , Durakovic Ferida , Radeljkovic Zvonimir
Published: July 2013

Nearly two decades after the end of its brutal war, Bosnia and Herzegovina (Bosnia, for short) remains paralyzed by political corruption and ethnic mistrust. The country staggers from one constitutional crisis to another, the economy vegetates, many young people leave, and the rest of the world tunes out. Bosnia's political dysfunction results in large measure from the Constitution imposed by the peace agreement signed at Dayton, Ohio, in 1995. With its superfluity of local, regional, and national institutions, the Constitution perpetuates the ethnic divisions that, with other factors, were used to justify the war.
Si être écrivain
Authors: Moudileno Lydie , Motte Warren
Published: July 2013

Les mondes que Marie NDiaye crée depuis presque trente ans ne cessent de nous intriguer et de nous mettre à l’épreuve en tant que lectrices et lecteurs. Ces mondes qui à première vue peuvent sembler étranges et pratiquement inhabitables offrent chacun à sa manière des sites d’accueil, d’hospitalité, de générosité.
Puissance insolite de la femme africaine chez Marie NDiaye
Authors: Moudileno Lydie
Published: July 2013

Marie NDiaye nous a habitués à personnages qui, pour être mémorables, n’en sont pas moins imprévisibles. Les trois femmes puissantes éponymes du roman goncourisé s’inscrivent majestueusement dans la panoplie des personnages inoubliables. Paradoxalement c’est à la faveur d’une stabilité identitaire surprenante.
Negative Narrative
Authors: Motte Warren
Published: July 2013

In each of Marie NDiaye’s fictions, there are moments that flaunt the norms of narrative logic which the rest of the text puts in place. One may think of those phenomena as instances of “negative narrative” wherein the unsaid is accorded a crucial role in the process of literary signification.
Effets d'épouvante dans Rosie Carpe et Rosemary's Baby
Authors: Burnautzki Sarah
Published: July 2013

Cette analyse compare Rosie Carpe et Rosemary’s Baby à partir d’éléments fantastiques communs, dont la grossesse épouvantable, le pacte diabolique ou le sacrifice humain. Une lecture sociologique examinera les modalités de l’hyperréalisme et de l’horreur dans leur rapport avec le dévoilement des régimes normatifs et la contestation de la violence.
NDiaye's Intelligent Subjects
Authors: Asibong Andrew
Published: July 2013

In this article, I explore some of the key forms of intelligence, pseudo-intelligence, and stupidity depicted in the texts of Marie NDiaye. Arguing that the cerebral brilliance of many of NDiaye’s earlier protagonists functioned as a symptom of their emotional ‘deadness’ I go on to analyze the workings of an emerging blueprint for relationality and psychic ‘aliveness.’
La Figure de l'enseignant chez Marie NDiaye
Authors: Sheringham Michael
Published: July 2013

Le personnage de l’enseignant – crispé, pédant, et bien pis – paraît souvent dans l’œuvre de NDiaye. Herman dans Un temps de saison , Titi dans Rosie Carpe , Zelner dans Papa doit manger , le narrateur de “Tous mes amis,” Nadia, Ange, et le sinistre Richard Noget dans Mon cœur à l’étroit , le maître d’école dans Les Grandes Personnes . Anatomie d’une figure.
Rosie Carpe et le récit désastreux
Authors: Arnould-Bloomfield Elisabeth
Published: July 2013

À partir de l’analyse d’un moment textuel dont l’illisibilité met en question le contrat narratif du texte, cette lecture de Rosie Carpe montre que le roman introduit, dans l’œuvre de Marie NDiaye, un rapport inédit et radical à l’étrange.
Exercice de la cruauté
Authors: Rabaté Dominique
Published: July 2013

L’univers de Marie NDiaye frappe par sa cruauté. Pour décrire ce qui est une caractéristique de son monde fictionnel et un trait saillant de son écriture (mélange de froideur distante et d’empathie ironique), j’ai choisi “Les Garçons” (dans Tous mes amis ). Ce récit reprend une nouvelle de Maupassant, “Aux champs,” dont il semble l’actualisation. La comparaison des deux manières de raconter permet de définir les traits spécifiques de l’écriture de NDiaye.
À l'écoute du déni dans le théâtre de Marie NDiaye
Authors: Antle Martine
Published: July 2013

Lire le théâtre de Marie NDiaye, c’est faire face au langage déguisé du racisme et à la rhétorique contremporaine de l’exclusion. On ne peut sous-estimer la dimension politique de son œuvre qui crie sous les bribes du langage et du déni.
À leur corps défendant : défaillances et excrétions dans Trois femmes puissantes de Marie NDiaye
Authors: Parent Anne Martine
Published: July 2013

L’article porte sur le rôle des expressions et des excrétions corporelles dans les trois récits de Trois femmes puissantes (2009) de Marie NDiaye. L’analyse des défaillances physiques du personnage principal de chacun des récits fait ressortir les différents rapports entre le corps et l’identité qui se nouent dans l’œuvre.
Imitation, Representation, and Humanity in Spinoza’s Ethics
Authors: Steinberg Justin
Published: July 2013

In IVP50S, Spinoza claims that “one who is moved to aid others neither by reason nor by pity is rightly called inhuman. For (by IIIP27) he seems to be unlike a man” (IVP50S). At first blush, the claim seems implausible, as it relies on the dubious thesis that beings will necessarily imitate the affects of conspecifics. In the first two sections of this paper, I explain why Spinoza accepts this thesis, while also showing how this claim can be made compatible with his multi-layered account of representation and misrepresentation. In the third and final section I offer an auxiliary defense of the thesis, showing that, according to Spinoza, to be human is to sociable, and sociability depends on the imitation of the affects.
L’expression leibnizienne et ses modèles mathématiques
Authors: Debuiche Valérie
Published: July 2013

The notion of expression originates in the Leibnizian mathematical works of the Parisian period (1672–76), but it plays a crucial role in metaphysics until 1714. The issue is then to decide whether the mathematical origin of the notion of expression implies that the understanding of the nature of metaphysical expression is totally revealed by one or some mathematical models. My aim is to show that expression is an irreducible notion which cannot be comprehended without the contribution of Leibnizian mathematics, although it exceeds them as the core of the metaphysical specificity of monadology.
Honesty and Curiosity in Nietzsche’s Free Spirits
Authors: Reginster Bernard
Published: July 2013

Nietzsche defines “freedom of spirit” in terms of truthfulness. I point out that the concept of truthfulness assumes different forms in Nietzsche. I argue that the truthfulness characteristic of the free spirit is not “intellectual honesty,” as if often supposed, but a particular form of the “passion for knowledge” he identifies as “curiosity.” I conclude by showing that Nietzsche’s distinctive analysis of curiosity reveals it to be a life-affirming stance that escapes his notorious critique of truthfulness as an objectionable form of “asceticism,” as well as the traditional charge that it leads to a form of intellectual dissoluteness.
Perceptual Self-Awareness in Seneca, Augustine, and Olivi
Authors: Toivanen Juhana
Published: July 2013

This article traces the philosophical idea of self-perception from the times of ancient Stoicism to the thirteenth century by analyzing the views of Seneca, Augustine, and Olivi. The central argument is that they defend the same idea according to which self-preservation and the appropriate use of one’s body requires awareness thereof, despite the obvious contextual differences and the uncertainty of direct historical connections between the authors. They think that this kind of self-awareness does not belong only to human beings, because irrational animals need to perceive their bodies, the functions of their bodily parts, and to perceive themselves as living beings in order to act appropriately and survive. The attribution of self-perception to animals is based on a distinction between the experiential awareness of the soul and the intellectual understanding of its essence, a distinction postulated by all three authors. The philosophical affinities between their views show that ideas that originate in Stoic thought were transmitted, directly or indirectly, to medieval philosophical psychology.
Aristotle’s Scientific Inquiry into Natural Slavery
Authors: Karbowski Joseph A.
Published: July 2013

In this paper I argue that there is a strong fit between the structure of Aristotle’s inquiry into natural slavery in the Politics and the scientific method described in Posterior Analytics II.1–10. This conclusion may seem difficult to sustain in light of the fact that Aristotle’s definitional inquiry into the natural slave ( Pol . I.4) precedes his determination of the existence of natural slaves ( Pol . I.5), for he repeatedly asserts in the Posterior Analytics that existence is properly investigated before essence. But this problem can be resolved by noting, first, that different kinds of definitions play different roles in scientific inquiry ( An. Post. II.10), and, second, that Aristotle continues to refine his definition of the natural slave into Pol . I.5. On the basis of a close textual analysis, I confirm that Aristotle’s treatment of the natural slave in the Politics exhibits the very sort of existential/definitional progression characteristic of the Posterior Analytics II.1–10 method. I conclude by stressing that this thesis coheres with the importance of definitions in practical as well as theoretical disciplines and is not incompatible with the autonomy of the sciences or the remarks about precision in NE I.3.
Knowing English is Not Enough! Cultivating Academic Literacies Among High School Newcomers
Authors: Fránquiz María E. , Salinas Cinthia
Published: July 2013

Secondary school teachers face remarkable challenges when they are asked to incorporate language objectives because the traditional approach to the education of English Language Learners (ELL) separates English language development from content instruction. The underlying assumption is that English language proficiency is a prerequisite for subject matter learning. Research shows this is a misconception. The qualitative research project described in this article investigated how a high school social studies teacher integrated language and content and how the newcomer students were able to demonstrate their understandings. Findings showed that the practice of historical inquiry through primary sources and document-based questions assisted students in developing English, academic vocabulary, and academic concepts in the learning of American history. In the spring of 2010, when the teacher deviated fromthe state's official curriculumthrough the use of digitized primary sources, notions of agency, empathy, and moral judgment played a significant role in the students' writings and use of historical reasoning. However, despite the use of historical inquiry and digitized primary sources, when there was tighter adherence to teaching the mandated curriculum in spring 2012, student expression and development of historical agency, empathy, and moral judgment was diminished or absent.
The Effects of GO Centers on Creating a College Culture in Urban High Schools in Texas
Authors: Stillisano Jacqueline R. , Brown Danielle B. , Alford Beverly L. , Waxman Hersh C.
Published: July 2013

Despite a generation of efforts to make higher education an achievable goal for all students, the gap in college participation rates between low-income and high-income students has not narrowed. Moreover, students of color continue to be underrepresented on postsecondary campuses. Early intervention efforts and college outreach programs such as college access centers have been identified as exemplary strategies for encouraging a college-going culture in high schools and in decreasing the gap among racial/ ethnic groups who have access to college. This study examined the effectiveness of enhanced college access centers known as GO Centers in assisting students during their preparation and application for college and in providing activities conducive to the development of a college-going culture in eight comprehensive high schools located in a large urban school district. Findings indicate that the enhanced GO Centers demonstrate four aspects identified as important in encouraging a college-going culture in a high school: The centers (a) are inclusive and accessible to all students; (b) demonstrate an understanding of how students develop aspirations and plans to attend college; (c) offer comprehensive services to students and their families, including guidance in preparing for college, applying for college, and accessing financial aid; and (d) employ a systematic approach involving stakeholders.
Implementing Schoolwide Positive Behavior Support in High School Settings: Analysis of Eight High Schools
Authors: Flannery K. Brigid , Frank Jennifer L. , Kato Mimi McGrath , Doren Bonnie , Fenning Pamela
Published: July 2013

Schoolwide positive behavior support (SWPBS) is a systems-level intervention designed to prevent the occurrence of problem behavior and increase social competence. A growing body of research documents that SWPBS reduces problem behavior and improves academics (e.g., McIntosh, Chard, Boland, & Horner, 2006), yet documentation of the feasibility of implementing SWPBS in high school settings is lacking. The current study examines implementation of universal SWPBS components in eight high schools serving over 15,525 students across a three-year period. Our findings were that improvements in implementation were evident between baseline and the end of year one, yet the implementation of SWPBS practices took a minimum of two years to achieve statistically significant and meaningful changes. These results suggest that unique aspects of the high school context may present specific implementation challenges.
Teacher Role Breadth and its Relationship to Student-Reported Teacher Support
Authors: Phillippo Kate L. , Stone Susan
Published: July 2013

This study capitalizes on a unique, nested data set comprised of students ( n = 531) and teachers ( n = 45) in three high schools that explicitly incorporated student support roles into teachers' job descriptions. Drawing from research on student-teacher relationships, teacher effects on student outcomes, and role theory, this study explored correlates of teachers' role definition. In particular, it considered role breadth, or the degree to which teachers defined their roles to include the provision of various forms of social and emotional support to students. We hypothesized that teachers' role breadth would relate to student perceptions of teacher support and high academic expectations (also known as academic press). Multi-level modeling of the relationship between teacher role breadth and student outcomes accounted for the data's nested quality and showed a positive relationship between teachers' sense of efficacy about providing student support and their reported role breadth. In addition, teacher role breadth was positively related to student perceptions of teacher support and academic press, controlling for student-reported background and school performance characteristics. Implications for student-teacher relationships, teacher education, and teacher roles are discussed.
A Case Study of Schooling Practices at an Escuela Secundaria in Mexico
Authors: de Souza Marcela
Published: July 2013

This article reports results of a qualitative study conducted at a public escuela secundaria (U.S. grades 7, 8, and 9) in Guadalajara, Mexico, during the spring of 2010. As the second phase of an ongoing project, the main goal was to learn from direct classroom observation about the most prevalent teaching and institutional practices at this level of education in a region from which large numbers of English learners arrive in the United States every year. Findings contribute to the limited existing knowledge about the school culture typical of Mexican schools, which includes warm relationships between teachers and students across content areas, the infusion of technology in curriculum and assessment, and the active role of parents in school governance. Practical information presented in this article may help U.S. teachers better understand the prior educational experiences of Mexican-born students and design effective instruction that facilitates their adjustment to cultural norms, routines, and expectations in U.S. classrooms.
Trapped in a Cycle of Low Expectations: An Exploration of High School Seniors' Perspectives About Academic Reading
Authors: Hooley Diana S. , Tysseling Lee Ann , Ray Beverly
Published: July 2013

Reports show that the reading proficiency scores for 17-year-olds have stagnated over the past several decades. In this study, the authors explored older students' academic reading perceptions that might suggest links to proficiency. What do high school seniors really think about class reading? Do they understand what they read? How do they view teacher support for content reading? A quarter of the senior class of one mid-sized high school responded to open-ended questions such as these as well as a Likert-style reading attitude survey. Additionally, the teachers of the student study sample were interviewed about their students' reading behaviors and attitudes. Data revealed that these seniors largely felt confident in their class reading abilities despite the fact that most said they did not do much reading either for school or recreationally. Seniors also reported a lower tolerance for reading long periods of time and showed little preference for reading informational texts. Yet most participants planned to go to college and felt positively about the challenges presented by college-level reading. Student and teacher reports suggested both parties may be locked in a reciprocating cycle of low reading expectations that maintain student non-reading behaviors and unrealistic ideas about the skill level necessary for informational reading comprehension.
Stoking the "Abolition Fire in the Capitol": Liberty Party Lobbying and Antislavery in Congress
Authors: Brooks Corey
Published: July 2013

One of the most crucial and underappreciated political weapons in the arsenal of antebellum abolitionists was their innovative and influential lobbying strategy. Abolitionist agitators, working independently in the late 1830s and through the Liberty Party in the early 1840s, targeted a small number of sympathetic congressmen who could insert antislavery arguments into debates that would reach a broad northern audience. Though only a small fraction of the electorate, political abolitionists thereby profoundly altered congressional politics. Abolition lobbyists especially encouraged antislavery representatives to provoke proslavery overreactions that could be used to substantiate abolitionist warnings that a southern "Slave Power" controlled the national government. Political abolitionists' Slave Power argument, however, also represented a pointed critique of the Second Party System of Whigs and Democrats. Because both major parties relied on cross-sectional support, abolitionists contended that no genuine antislavery policymaking could be expected from either. Liberty Party leaders thus publicly assailed prominent, ostensibly antislavery Whigs as structurally complicit with the Slave Power, while simultaneously privately beseeching the very same Whig politicians to precipitate new congressional controversies. By skillfully managing these complicated relationships, Liberty partisans were able to exploit Congress as a forum through which they could further popularize their anti-Slave Power message
An Eye for Prices, an Eye for Souls: Americans in the Indian Subcontinent, 1784-1838
Authors: Verney Michael A.
Published: July 2013

Between Independence and the late 1830s, Americans' perception of India changed dramatically. Such a shift was due to the transition from merchant-mariners to missionaries as the predominant professions to visit the subcontinent. From the Treaty of Paris to the War of 1812, American trade with India boomed as Philadelphia, Boston, and Salem merchants rode the winds of neutral trade to windfall profits. Largely forbidden from trading with the houses of the East India Company, however, American businessmen had to look elsewhere for trading partners. They found them in the well-educated native Indian merchants called banians in Calcutta and dubashes in Madras. Since their success in India was predicated on the quality of their commercial relationships with native Indian merchants, American captains and supercargoes had every reason to overcome cultural differences. While early national American merchants varied in their ability to drop prejudices, many of the most successful India traders forged remarkably respectful, fair, and even friendly relationships with their indigenous counterparts. The profitability of the America India trade dropped precipitously after Congress passed new tariff legislation in 1816. By then, a new, more evangelically minded generation of Americans had begun to land in Anglo-Indian ports. The rise of American missionary labor in the subcontinent resulted in a very different image of native Indians and their civilization. Unlike merchants, missionaries had every reason to exploit cultural and religious differences, both for publicity and for reasons of funding. Their writings and publications had a profound effect on the way in which ordinary Americans thought of themselves, of non-Christian peoples, and of their destiny as a people.
Slave Smuggling by Foreign Privateers: The Illegal Slave Trade and the Geopolitics of the Early Republic
Authors: Head David
Published: July 2013

The article examines the slave smuggling done by French and Spanish American privateers operating along U.S. shores in the 1810s. The illegal, post-1808 slave trade has received significant attention, with historians broadly agreed that the law failed to end the trade. Current explanations focus on the domestic pressures and interests that prevented effective enforcement of the law, such as the demand for slaves, the political strength of southern legislators, and the malfeasance of law enforcementThe slave smuggling carried out by privateers, however, demonstrates the importance of conditions external to the United States. Attempts to abolish the slave trade coincided with the Napoleonic Wars, the War of 1812, and the Latin American Wars of Independence. The fog of these wars, waged near American waters, gave foreign privateers ample opportunity to introduce new slaves to the country by taking advantage of loopholes in the law and weaknesses in foreign policy.Based principally on federal court records, the article describes how foreign privateers smuggled slaves, how the United States responded, and why slave smuggling declined. Altogether, the article argues for the importance of international developments in the persistence of the foreign slave trade.
"Auctioneer of Offices": Patronage, Value, and Trust in the Early Republic Marketplace
Authors: Hartigan-O'Connor Ellen
Published: July 2013

In 1818, newly elected Pennsylvania governor William Findlay claimed he was promoting economic opportunity when he used patronage appointments to manipulate the business partnerships of Philadelphia's auctioneers and to secure loans for his brother. Within a year, however, the Panic of 1819 exposed the fragility of American credit connections and raised uncertainty over the costs of economic opportunity. Philadelphia businessmen demanded an inquiry into auctioneer licenses that revealed deep ambivalence toward the use of patronage in the American marketplace. On the one hand, patronage ties remained essential to business, providing capital investment, connections, and a mark of approval in a world of strangers. On the other hand, businesspeople in the Early Republic had adopted a more democratic definition of patronage: support of competitive businesses by a wider public. Auctioneers, who were both traders and agents of the state, embodied this tension and became a focal point in the ongoing debates over the proper degree of freedom in the marketplace. Auctioneers promised their public patrons open bidding and low prices. Yet they possessed no clear credentials or expertise to justify public trust and their activities publicized social and economic problems of value. Previous work has focused on patronage as part of personal business networks; this article, highlighting the economic and cultural importance of auctioneers, demonstrates the concept's wider relevance in early nineteenth-century America. Pennsylvania's auctioneer scandal underscored the economy of relationships in an age praising political autonomy.
Turning Sufferers into Settlers: Gender, Welfare, and National Expansion in Frontier Florida
Authors: Shire Laurel Clark
Published: July 2013

Between 1836 and 1842 federal policy makers mobilized gender and social provision to support national and slavery expansion into Florida. Over the course of the Second Seminole War, policies that the United States implemented in Florida took social provisions for the deserving and needy (women, children and slaves) and turned them into land entitlements for the presumably male hard-working settler. This article traces American policies in Florida that harnessed gender to expansionist policies between 1836 and 1842, and argues that federal welfare policy evolved as a tool of expansionism during this period, and that policy makers employed gender to naturalize and justify this evolution. In the early years of the Second Seminole War, members of Congress invoked images of threatened and indigent women to build support for a welfare program aimed at the "suffering inhabitants" of Florida. As the war continued into the 1840s, federal and military leaders called on the ideal of the hardy, independent male pioneer as they shifted away from aiding victims toward a program under which those who wanted to continue to receive aid had to agree to colonize Florida. In 1842, building on that settlement program, Congress passed a very generous land policy, the Armed Occupation Act of 1842. It was designed to encourage white settlers ("armed occupiers") to settle and hold the Florida frontier. Twenty years later, the Homestead Act extended this policy for the rest of the country, which indicates that this pattern of policy-making shaped national growth well beyond the southern frontier.
Flexible Yet Inflexible: Development of Dual Citizenship in South Korea
Authors: Kim Nora Hui-Jung
Published: July 2013

The National Assembly of the Republic of Korea (South Korea) voted in favor of allowing dual citizenship (156 in favor, 19 against, and 17 abstentions) in April 2010. Using South Korea as a case study, I make one methodological and one substantive argument regarding official acknowledgment of dual citizenship. First, de jure acknowledgment of dual citizenship will be likely to exhibit a path-dependent progression, from zero tolerance, to mere tolerance, and to official acknowledgment. Therefore, I argue that a study of dual citizenship needs to take into account various legislative changes that are indicative of increasing tolerance toward dual citizenship. Substantively I argue that introduction of de jure dual citizenship in South Korea indicates officialization of the strategy of flexible citizenship employed both by upper-class South Koreans and by the South Korean government. For upper-class South Koreans, dual citizenship has become a strategy to pass their class privilege on to their children while, for the South Korean government, dual citizenship has become a strategy to attract resource-rich overseas Koreans and global talent.
Racialization and Colonial Space: Intermarriage in Yi Hyosŏk’s Works
Authors: Kim Su Yun
Published: July 2013

This article explores racialization in the works of the Korean writer Yi Hyosŏk (1907–42) through the metaphor of intermarriage—between Koreans and the Japanese, and Koreans and Russians—at the peak of the Japanese Empire’s expansion. It reads intermarriage against the “archival grain, ” which used to link intermarriage solely with the Japanese colonial assimilation. Intermarriage opened many doors for Koreans to participate in empire building but also complicated the Japanese imperialism’s assumed hierarchy. In the process, as a colonial Korean male intellectual writer, Yi shows that he is capable of “reverse imperialism” through the management of intimate sentiments of diverse subjects under the empire even while acutely aware of the fact that he can never fully become imperialist. This oscillation indicated both the Korean response to Japan’s imperialism, and how it refined gender, race, and colonial spaces.
Drumming, Dancing, and Drinking Makkŏlli: Liminal Time Travel through Intensive Camps Teaching Traditional Performing Arts
Authors: Saeji CedarBough T.
Published: July 2013

The Republic of Korea has been protecting the ephemeral performative artistic and cultural phenomena collectively labeled intangible cultural heritage since passing the Cultural Property Protection Law in 1962. This long history of performance protection has positioned the Republic of Korea as an example for efforts around the world to protect intangible cultural heritage. The focus of South Korean protection efforts is performance and transmission; this article addresses the transmission occurring through intensive camps. Participant observation-based ethnographic research was conducted at two sites, the training camps for the mask dance drama Kosŏng Ogwangdae and for the farmer’s drumming and dancing group Imsil P’ilbong Nongak, to determine the effectiveness of the camps in transmitting performing arts knowledge. The young people who enroll in these camps represent the future of the South Korean traditional performing arts; some students are bound for professional performance, while others are active members of their respective preservation associations. The camps employ full-time, professional performers and create a pool of audience members and arts advocates. The students of the camps build community while they time travel to a liminal space where every day is the day before or the day of the big festival; their positive experience of Korean tradition leaves them connected to and supportive of the traditional arts.
Male Homosexuality in The King and the Clown: Hybrid Construction and Contested Meanings
Authors: Shin Jeeyoung
Published: July 2013

This article explores the cultural phenomenon of The King and the Clown (Wang ǔi namja, directed by Yi Chunik, 2005), a box office hit that provoked local debates about cinematic representations of homosexuality and led to an increasing number of queer films on South Korean screens, and analyzes how the film’s gay identity was shaped by heterogeneous cultural influences, both local and transnational, to address diverse audiences. The article argues that, through appropriation and adaptation of foreign cultural resources, particularly from East Asia, the film constructs gay identity as a contested, cultural hybrid. In pointing out hybridity based on intraregional cultural interplay, this study challenges the Western-centric understanding of globalization and expands the conceptualization of cultural hybridity that has heretofore been understood mostly in the global-local dynamic.
Royal Ancestor Worship and Buddhist Politics: The Hyŏnhwa-sa Stele and the Origins of the First Koryŏ Tripitaka
Authors: Vermeersch Sem
Published: July 2013

There is a general consensus in research on the First Koryŏ Tripitaka (aka Ch’ojo taejanggyŏng) that it began in 1011 in fulfillment of a vow: King Hyŏnjong had sworn to undertake the project if the Khitan invasion force would withdraw. The only scholar who has challenged this view is Ikeuchi Hiroshi, who claimed that the First Koryŏ Tripitaka was carved to pray for the repose of King Hyŏnjong’s parents’ souls. Ikeuchi based his arguments on a reading of the Hyŏnhwa-sa stele, erected by King Hyŏnjong as a memorial temple to his parents. This article reexamines Ikeuchi’s thesis and shows that though it is based on a mistaken reading and a colonial agenda, it is still the only research that offers some perspectives that allow us to move beyond single cause theories. His paper is a useful starting point to examine all of the different possible causes and motives that lay behind the project of carving the entire Buddhist canon on wooden printing blocks. Irrespective of whether or not the wish to repel the invaders was the primary cause, this article shows that there were many deeper motivations and contributing factors that irrevocably pushed Hyŏnjong to undertake this project. One of the more important contributing factors, it is argued, was the rebuilding of his legitimacy through a reassertion of the privileged relation the ruling Wang Dynasty enjoyed with Buddhism.
In the Eye of the Storm: The Context of Haitian Migration to Miami, Florida
Authors: Boswell Thomas D.
Published: July 2013

In the Caribbean, "America" exercises a pull effect which is nearly religious in dimension: it is a total picture of redemption, calling forth an unquestioned faith in its purported virtues and capacity for deliverance; an absolute image inviting total sacrifice and dedication. (1)
"Lest We Forget": The Confederate Monument and the Southern Townscape
Authors: Winberry John J.
Published: July 2013

If the South has a symbol, it is the statue of the Confederate soldier which stands in the county seat. Hands resting on the barrel of his grounded rifle, knapsack and blanket roll on his back, he stares in stony silence to the north whence came the invading Yankee armies. (1)
Spatial Analysis of Childhood Cancer Incidence and Electric Power Line Location in Memphis and Shelby County, Tennessee
Authors: Johnson John , Kung Hsiang-te , Kirsch Scott
Published: July 2013

Extremely low frequency electromagnetic radiation emitted from electric transmission and distribution lines has been suspected as a possible agent in cancer induction and promotion, especially leukemia and brain cancers in children. This paper examines spatial relationships among childhood leukemia and brain cancer incidence, cancer victim's residences, and electric power line location in Shelby County, Tennessee, using the methods of locational analysis and spatial autocorrelation. Results of these analyses implied that childhood leukemia and brain cancer incidence in Memphis and Shelby County exhibits a nonrandom spatial pattern which may be influenced by factors of urban morphology, including proximity of cancer victim's residences to electrical distribution lines. Leukemia and brain cancer mortality for the population as a whole was also shown to exist in a nonrandom, clustered pattern at the census tract level; however, it could not be conclusively established that electric power lines influenced this pattern.
Spatial Variation in Manufacturing Technology and Cost Efficiency: Georgia, 1987
Authors: Zhou Bin
Published: July 2013

This paper estimates aggregate manufacturing production functions for three kinds of counties in Georgia: metropolitan counties, counties adjacent to metropolitan areas, and counties not adjacent to metropolitan areas. The purposes are to assess locational efficiency within the manufacturing sector for different kinds of places and to examine the capital intensities determined by comparative advantages in these places. The latter is a notion put forth in the Scott-Norcliffe hypothesis which has suffered from lack of rigorous testing. The research confirms that metropolitan areas are no longer the most efficient locations for the manufacturing sector. The most efficient locations for manufacturing have moved to adjacent areas. It is confirmed that there is a trade-off between capital and labor, with capital intensities reaching their highest level in metropolitan areas, given the fact that wage levels in metropolitan areas are highest. This spatial analysis shows that the production function approach is valid in a rigorous test of the Scott-Norcliffe hypothesis in Georgia.
On Defining the Alabama Black Belt: Historical Changes and Variations
Authors: Webster Gerald R. , Samson Scott A.
Published: July 2013

The term "Black Belt" has been in use in Alabama for over a century. While there is general recognition of where the core of the state's Black Belt is located in central and west-central Alabama, there is little agreement on the region's geographic extent for its being so named. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the origin and historic progression of changing definitions of the Alabama Black Belt. This paper concludes that the term Black Belt was first applied to Alabama in the late 19th century with respect to the physical, most often soil, characteristics of the region. By the early 20th century the term was also commonly associated with the region's large African-American population. By the mid-20th century the term Black Belt was frequently employed with respect to the region's people, soil, and culture.
Municipal Solid Waste Management in the Southeast
Authors: Furuseth Owen J.
Published: July 2013

The American experience with municipal solid waste has created a serious dilemma. As a nation we are producing increasing quantities of solid waste, while our capability to handle and dispose of the waste shrinks. This paper explores municipal solid waste management in the southeastern U.S. Using the results of a mail questionnaire to state-level solid waste managers, the research examines and compares waste management strategies across the region and in other parts of the country. Past, present, and near-term future solid waste management practices are presented. Nationally, a growing reliance on extra-territorial waste disposal, both intra- and interstate, has been documented by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The importance of extra-territorial waste disposal in the Southeast is examined. The research findings indicate that states in the region are following the national trend away from sanitary landfilling and that "green" (composting and recycling) strategies are growing in adoption, but that southeastern states are behind other states in these trends. Only small quantities of municipal waste are transferred among southeastern states. However, the region is an attractive destination for solid waste from states outside the Southeast. Because of these issues solid waste management in this region is likely to remain a continuous public policy issue.
Temporal Trends of Mean and Extreme Wind Chill in Georgia, 1961-1990
Authors: Soulé Peter T. , Meentemeyer Vernon , Bland William T.
Published: July 2013

Our primary goal in this paper is to examine temporal and spatial variability of mean and extreme wind chill in Georgia over the period 1961-1990. Because short-term moderations of extreme climatic conditions result in reduced demand for electricity, this type of climatological analysis is critical to the strategic planning and forecasting needs of electric power generation industries. Daily values of a wind chill index (WCI) were calculated for Georgia's six primary weather stations for winter months of each year. From this time series mean daily WCI, the highest daily mean WCI, and the highest one-hour WCI in a given year are examined. The strongest temporal patterns are found to occur near the end of the study period, with mean and extreme recorded wind chills exhibiting robust downward trends into 1990. Although absolute values of recorded wind chill are found to vary across the state, there is substantial covariance among the six stations.
Delimiting Residential Structure in Knoxville, Tennessee: A Geo-Demographic Approach
Authors: Bell Thomas L. , Longman Roy Charles
Published: July 2013

Geo-demographic database systems consist of standardized procedures to classify small geographic entities within cities according to the similarity of the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of an entity's population. The theoretical development of these systems represents a new application of more traditional urban structure models. Geo-demographic systems employ the same factoring and clustering techniques used in past intraurban studies, but typically employ a wider range of variables. Some uses of these systems include target marketing, demographic studies, and sales territory definition. It is unlikely that users of these proprietary commercial geo-demographic systems have any knowledge of their theoretical development or potential limitations. In this research, we employ the geo-demographic database system developed by the United Way of America to classify entire cities according to their expected level of charitable philanthropy. Using similar data employed in the United Way's interurban applications, we develop an intraurban geo-demographic database system for the Knoxville, Tennessee SMSA at the census tract level. We also use the United Way's factor analytic technique and rotational schema in order to derive a solution which simultaneously explains a large percentage of the variance, minimizes the number of interpretable factors, and seems to make intuitive sense. The standardized factor loadings produced by this factor analytic procedure were classified using the cluster technique employed by the United Way. The results indicate that geo-demographic database systems do provide some general information about the spatial structure of Knoxville. The census tract level is, however, too large and diverse to produce the desired degree of residential lifestyle homogeneity. Subjectivity is introduced when using both factor analysis and cluster analysis. In the end, it is the researcher's responsibility to determine the number of relevant factors and clusters that best characterize the target population.
Regional Convergence in Nonmetropolitan Industrialization?: Georgia and Wisconsin, 1984-1989
Authors: Holloway Steven R. , Bawden Timothy
Published: July 2013

In the 1960s and 1970s, nonmetropolitan industrialization appeared as a notable deviation from historical patterns of spatial economic development. Product-cycle theory and spatial divisions of labor perspectives offer divergent interpretations of the causes of nonmetropolitan industrialization, and the implications of the phenomenon for regional development. This paper examines the current theoretical and empirical status of nonmetropolitan industrialization with a comparison of Wisconsin and Georgia over the recent post-recession period of 1984 to 1989. There were marked aggregate contrasts in the nonmetropolitan manufacturing employment experiences of the two states. County-level regression analysis revealed that a set of labor factors measuring labor costs, availability, and skill levels were not clearly associated with nonmetropolitan industrialization in the manner expected by product-cycle and spatial divisions of labor perspectives. Furthermore, the two states significantly differed in the processes underlying manufacturing employment changes, as well as in the aggregate outcomes.
Temporal Variations in Precipitation Regime of the Middle-Upper Chattahoochee River Basin, North Georgia
Authors: Yin Zhi-Yong
Published: July 2013

Frequencies of precipitation with different magnitudes were analyzed for the middle-upper Chattahoochee River Basin in north Georgia for the period 1930 to 1989. A combination of an increased annual precipitation and a decreased annual number of rainfall days indicated that mean daily precipitation increased during the study period. Most of the decrease in the number of rainfall days was accounted for by the decrease in the number of days of light precipitation. During the same period, increasing trends were found in the occurrence of moderate to heavy precipitation days. Such temporal changes in the precipitation regime in the area may be partially responsible for the increased flooding conditions in the Atlanta metropolitan area in recent years. These changes may also cause greater streamflow variability and impose difficulties in water resources planning and management.
Snowbelt-to-Sunbelt Migration and the North-South Fertility Convergence: Exploring the Theoretical Links
Authors: Pandit Kavita
Published: July 2013

This paper explores the theoretical linkages between the recent fertility convergence in the historically high-fertility South and the historically low-fertility North and the well documented Snowbelt-to-Sunbelt migration. It argues that the large scale migration likely played an important role in reducing the North-South fertility differential by homogenizing regional environments and influencing labor markets. The paper suggests that regional fertility theories need to become more sensitive to the effects of internal migration.