bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Temuan Postmortem pada Kematian Tidak Wajar Berkaitan dengan Pestisida: Tinjauan Sistematis terhadap Laporan Kasus
Authors: Jauhani Muhammad Afiful , Nabil Athoillah
Published: May 2024

Kematian tidak wajar yang berkaitan dengan pestisida banyak terjadi di negara berkembang. Namun demikian, studi yang mengulas secara sistematis tentang gambaran postmortem pada kasus kematian yang berkaitan dengan pestisida masih sangat jarang. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk melakukan tinjauan sistematis secara deskriptif terhadap temuan pemeriksaan luar dan pemeriksaan dalam (autopsi) pada kejadian kematian tidak wajar yang berkaitan dengan pestisida. Tinjauan sistematis ini mengikuti panduan dari Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Pencarian dilakukan pada PubMed, ScienceDirect, dan Springer, serta Manual Hand Searching. Terdapat 11 artikel dipilih berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi peneliti. Semua artikel yang dipilih berhasil memenuhi kriteria seleksi berdasarkan critical appraisal tools untuk case report oleh JBI. Karakteristik demografi ini menunjukkan bahwa paparan pestisida dapat mengenai pasien bayi hingga orang dewasa, baik laki-laki maupun perempuan. Jenis pestisida yang paling sering digunakan adalah insektisida. Ditemukan bahwa cara kematian tersering adalah bunuh diri. Hanya terdapat satu artikel yang melaporkan kejadian keracunan. Temuan yang sering ditemukan bahwa gejala parasimpatis, erosi, dan mulut berbuih. Pada hasil autopsi, temuan yang paling sering ditemukan adalah gejala kongesti, edema, erosi, fibrotik, dan nekrosis organ. Dibutuhkan pemeriksaan luar dan autopsi yang holistik untuk menentukan dugaan kematian tak wajar akibat pestisida.
Efektivitas Penyuluhan Risiko Preeklampsia Pada Ibu Hamil di Patrang Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Nurmaida Eny , Rachmawati Dwita Aryadina , Rachmania Sheilla , Putri Elvia Rahmi Marga , Hakiim Arsyzilma , Marchianti Ancah Caesarina Novi , Astuti Ida Srisurani Wiji , Raharjo Angga Mardro , Sudarmanto Yohanes , Kusuma Irawan Fajar
Published: May 2024

Angka kematian ibu di Kabupaten Jember dan Jawa Timur masih tinggi.  Terjadipeningkatan kasus kematian ibu pada tahun 2018-2021. Preeklamsia merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kematian ibu hamil. Tindakan preventif seperti edukasi pada ibu hamil mengenai pentingnya pemeriksaan kehamilan pada kehamilan risiko tinggi perlu dilakukan agar tidak terjadi komplikasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas penyuluhan risiko preeklamsia pada ibu hamil di Kecamatan Patrang Kabupaten Jember. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pra-eksperimental dengan desain penelitian one group pretest-posttest. Instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner yang berisi 22 pertanyaan mengenai pengetahuan, faktor risiko, gejala dan komplikasi preeklamsia. Besar sampel sebanyak 30 responden (quota sampling). Uji normalitas data menggunakan uji Shapiro Wilk dan uji hipotesis menggunakan uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank. Nilai Sig uji Saphiro Wilk diperoleh 0,033 yang berarti data tidak berdistribusi normal. Dari hasil uji hipotesis diperoleh nilai Asymp. (2-tailed) 0,000 yang menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara nilai pretest responden sebelum diberikan penyuluhan dan posttest responden setelah diberikan penyuluhan.
PENERAPAN IJTIHAD AL-MAQASIDY AL-Jama ’iy DALAM LEGISLASI HUKUM JINAYAT DI ACEH
Authors: A Jailani
Published: May 2024

The study investigates the processes and mechanisms of the legislationof Aceh Qanun 6/2014 on Jinayat Law. It asks the role of Islamic law in suchlegislation process and the challenges of the application of Islamic penal lawin Aceh under the Indonesian legal system. This qualitative research uses bothtextual and empirical sources and employs statute, empirical and conceptualapproaches. This study demonstrates that the legislation of Islamic penal codein Aceh has philosophical, sociological and juridical grounds and complieswith the procedure of legislation of state law in Indonesia. Despite technicalproblems, the legislation advanced by ulama, scholars, local legislators, theprovincial government and the representation of Muslim society of Aceh,is relatively successful in integrating fiqh, state law and customary law intothe Islamic penal code, resulting in what is call as collective consensus (ijtihadjama’i). These findings reveal that the Qanun was endorsed on the pillars oflegal pluralism (fiqh, adat and state law) that fits into the principle of rechstaatand Pancasila that is adopted by the Indonesian legal system.
Objek penelitian ini adalah proses dan mekanisme Qanun Aceh Nomor6 Tahun 2014 tentang Hukum Jinayat. Penelitian ini beranjak dari pertanyaanutama penelitian tentang bagaimana proses dan mekanisme legislasi hukumjinayat menjadi hukum positif di Aceh dalam sistem hukum Indonesia. Penelitianini berbentuk kualitatif, menggabungkan antara penelitian kepustakaan(library research) dengan penelitian lapangan (field research). Pendekatan yangdigunakan terdiri dari pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach),pendekatan emperis, dan pendekatan konseptual. Proses pembentukannyamemiliki landasan filosofis, sosiologis dan yuridis dan digabungkan dengaprosedur hukum perundang-undangan di negara Indonesia. Pihak yang terlibatdalam perumusan materi muatan raqan Jinayat Aceh terdiri dari unsur ulama, cendikiawan Aceh, institusi penegak hukum (Mahkamah Syar’iyah, Kejaksaan,Kepolisian dan Wilayat Hisbah) serta masyarakat melalui lembaga swadayamasyarakat. Pemerintah Aceh melibatkan Tim Ahli Eksekutif dan Tim AhliLegislatif dalam pembahasan materi muatan Rancangan Qanun hukum Jinayat.Dinamika pemikiran yang muncul dalam perumusan materi muatan hukumJinayat telah disepakati sehingga Rancangan Qanun Hukum Jinayat dapatdisahkan bersama antara legislatif dan eksekutif. Temuan ini, membuktikanterakomodirnya berbagai sistem hukum di Indonesia dan terintegrasinyakandungan syariat, fikih, hukum positif dan adat yang disesuaikan dengandasar negara dan Pancasila dengan mengadopsi sistem hukum Indonesia yangberlaku.
Anxiety, student loan repayment behaviors, and financial knowledge
Authors: Sinha Gaurav R. , Larrison Christopher R. , Chen Zibei , Mowbray Orion , Mullen Sean P.
Published: May 2024

Anxiety is a common type of mental health condition that affects approximately one-fifth of US adults. Research indicates that the onset of mental illness and certain mental health conditions may trigger problem debt such as delinquency and default. Delinquency and default in student debts are becoming a major problem in the United States with nearly one-quarter of student loan borrowers unable to repay their loans on time. Utilizing data from the 2018 National Financial Capacity Study, the present study examined the associations among financial anxiety, student loan repayment behaviors, and financial knowledge. Results suggested a negative association between financial anxiety and on-time student loan repayment behaviors. Additional analyses showed distinct patterns among associations between financial anxiety, repayment behaviors, and financial knowledge. Findings have implications particularly for vulnerable population groups as they have disproportionately high amounts of debts, lack access to mental health services, and face more repayment issues compared to other socioeconomic groups.
The Imaginary Universe
Authors: Łukaszyk Szymon
Published: May 2024

Maxwell's equations in vacuum provide the negative speed of light -c, which leads to imaginary Planck units. However, the second, negative fine-structure constant $\alpha_2^{-1} \approx -140.178$, present in the Fresnel coefficients for the normal incidence of electromagnetic radiation on monolayer graphene, establishes the different, negative speed of light in vacuum $c_2 \approx -3.06 \times 10^8~\text{[m/s]}$, which introduces imaginary Planck units different in magnitude from those parametrized with $c$. Furthermore, algebraic relations between the fine-structure constant hint that the fine-structure constant does not vary over time. It follows that electric charges are the same in real and imaginary dimensions. We model neutron stars and white dwarfs, emitting perfect black-body radiation, as \textit{objects} having energy exceeding their mass-energy equivalence ratios. We define complex energies in terms of real and imaginary natural units. Their imaginary parts, inaccessible for direct observation, store the excess of these energies. It is conjectured that the maximum atomic number $Z=238$. A black-body \textit{object} is in the equilibrium of complex energies if its radius $R_\text{eq} \approx 1.3833~R_{\text{BH}}$, which is close to the photon sphere radius $R_{\text{ps}}=1.5~R_{\text{BH}}$, and marginally greater than a locally negative energy density bound of $4/3~R_{\text{BH}}$. The complex force between real masses and imaginary charges leads to the black-body object's surface gravity and generalized Hawking radiation temperature, which includes its charge. Furthermore, this force agrees with the physical parameters of the hydrogen atom. The proposed model takes into account the value(s) of the fine-structure constant(s), which is/are otherwise neglected in general relativity, and explains the registered (GWOSC) high masses of neutron stars' mergers and the associated fast radio bursts (CHIME) without resorting to any hypothetical types of exotic stellar \textit{objects}.
Bidirectional Optical Neural Networks Based on Free-Space Optics Using Lens Arrays and Spatial Light Modulator
Authors: Ju Young-Gu
Published: May 2024

This paper introduces a novel architecture—bidirectional optical neural network (BONN)—for providing backward connections alongside forward connections in artificial neural networks (ANNs). BONN incorporates laser diodes and photodiodes and exploits the properties of Köhler illumination to establish optical channels for backward directions. Thus, it has bidirectional functionality that is crucial for algorithms such as the backpropagation algorithm. BONN has a scaling limit of 96 × 96 for input and output arrays, and a throughput of 8.5 × 1015 MAC/s. While BONN's throughput may rise with additional layers for continuous input, limitations emerge in the backpropagation algorithm as its throughput doesn't scale with layer count. Successful BONN-based implementation of the backpropagation algorithm requires the development of fast spatial light modulator to accommodate frequent data flow changes. A two-mirror-like BONN and its cascaded extension are alternatives for multilayer emulation, and they help save hardware space and increase the parallel throughput for inference. An investigation into the application of the clustering technique to BONN revealed its potential to help overcome scaling limits and to provide full interconnections for backward directions between doubled input and output ports. BONN's bidirectional nature holds promise for enhancing supervised learning in ANNs and increasing hardware compactness.
Computing Interface Curvature from Height Functions using Machine Learning with a Symmetry-preserving Approach for Two-phase Simulations
Authors: Cervone Antonio , Manservisi Sandro , Scardovelli Ruben , Sirotti Lucia
Published: May 2024

The volume of fluid (VOF) method is a popular technique for the direct numerical simulations of flows involving immiscible fluids. A discrete volume fraction field evolving in time represents the interface, in particular, to compute its geometric properties. The height function method (HF) is based on the volume fraction field, and its estimate of the interface curvature converges with second-order accuracy with grid refinement. Data-driven methods have been recently proposed as an alternative to computing the curvature, with particular consideration for a well-balanced input data set generation and symmetry preservation. In the present work, a two-layer feed-forward neural network is trained on an input data set generated from the height function data instead of the volume fraction field. The symmetries for rotations, reflections, and the anti-symmetry for the phase swapping have been considered to reduce the number of input parameters. The neural network, establishing a correlation between curvature and height function values, can efficiently predict the local interface curvature. We compare the trained neural network to the standard Height Function method to assess its performance and robustness.
Hybrid Euclidean-Lorentzian Universe
Authors: Yahalom Asher
Published: May 2024

The limited velocity in a geometry of Lorentzian signature, seem to prevent the universe to reach thermodynamic equilibrium as suggested by the cosmic microwave background. Thus it was suggested that the universe which was initially minuscule has reached a more considerable radius in a short duration by a process known as cosmic inflation. However, to drive such a process have led to the suggestion of an ad-hoc scalar field the inflaton, which has no purpose in nature other than driving the cosmic inflation field and then stopping it once the universe reached the right size. In a recent paper it was shown that rapid expansion can occur without postulating an inflation by following Hawking's suggestion and assuming that primordially the metric of the universe had an Euclidean signature, in which case velocity is not limited and thermalization and rapid expansion are derived without the need to assume an ad-hoc field. However, while in the previous work emphasis was put on the dynamics and physical statistics of the particles in a Euclidean space vs. Lorentzian space in which both spaces were given. No mathematical model was given regarding the development of current Lorentzian space-time from the early Euclidean space-time, and how fundamental problems such as the space-time singularity and the homogeneity of the CMB can be solved in the hybrid Euclidean-Lorentzian picture. This lacuna is to be rectified in the current paper.
Decentralized Wastewater Treatment at the Giniginamar Plant: A Case Study in Efficient Resource Management
Authors: Cisneros-Aguirre Jesús , Afonso-Correa María
Published: May 2024

The only solution to avoid pollution due to sewage is to treat the effluent and reuse water and sludge at the wastewater production site. This makes it necessary to install treatment plants distributed along the sewer system to prevent the movement of effluents with the consequent losses to the aquifer. This new management is called decentralized wastewater treatment. To make this change possible, it is necessary to develop treatment plants that do not represent a health hazard for citizens, eliminating the nuisance caused by traditional plants. These plants need to be robust, operate autonomously, have reduced maintenance and exhaustive control of each process, where each cubic meter of effluent is perfectly controlled, avoiding losses to the aquifer or discharges that may occur due to deficiencies in their purification capacity; constantly producing water and sludge, which are directly reusable with all the health and environmental guarantees regardless of variations in inlet effluent or environmental conditions. This article presents a paradigmatic case of a decentralized solution with conditions of maximum complexity that has been solved efficiently, saving around 98% of the initial investment, completely avoiding wastewater discharges into the environment and reusing 100% of the treated water, in 14 years of operation.
Neurofilament Light Chain as a Potential Biomarker for Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chen Feng , Wu Zhuo Xi , Chen Qin , Zuo Du Kun , Li Hong
Published: May 2024

Although the neurofilament light chain (NfL) is used as a biomarker for neurodegenerative decline, its use in surgery- and anaesthesia-induced acute cognitive dysfunction remains controversial. We aimed to synthesise the evidence to explore the potential of NfL as an established biomarker for perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND). We systematically searched the PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library electronic databases, and Cochrane Central Registry of Clinical Trials. Our results show that CSF NfL levels positively correlated with blood NfL levels (r = 0.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.42-0.77). The pooled standardised mean difference (SMD) showed a significantly higher preoperative CSF NfL levels (SMD = 0.27; 95% CI, 0.07-0.47) and both pre- and postoperative blood NfL levels (SMD = 0.53, 95% CI, 0.40-0.66 and SMD = 0.58, 95% CI, 0.43-0.73) in the postoperative delirium (POD) group. Postoperative blood NfL levels were significantly elevated in both POD group (SMD = 0.49; 95% CI, 0.34-0.64) and no-POD group (SMD = 0.67; 95% CI, 0.53-0.81). Our meta-analysis indicates that NfL may serve as a potential biomarker for POD, and elevated preoperative blood NfL levels could be a risk factor for POD. Further studies are needed to confirm the association of CSF/blood NfL levels with other PND types.
Detection of Mesothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition-Derived Carcinoma-Associated Fibroblasts in Primary Ovarian Carcinomas
Authors: Tomero-Sanz Henar , Jiménez-Heffernan José Antonio , Fernández-Chacón María Concepción , Cristóbal-García Ignacio , Sainz de la Cuesta Ricardo , González-Cortijo Lucía , López-Cabrera Manuel , Sandoval Pilar
Published: May 2024

: Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are highly accumulated in the tumor surrounding stroma of primary epithelial ovarian cancer (OC). CAFs exert important functions for the vascularization, growth and progression of ovarian tumor cells. However, no attention has been shown to their origin so far. It has been mainly assumed that CAFs in primary OC arise from the activation of resident fibroblasts. Here, we compare CAFs with ovarian location to CAFs found in peritoneal implants from patients with advanced OC. Our findings show that CAFs from primary tumors and peritoneal metastases share the expression of mesothelial-related markers. Therefore, as in peritoneal carcinomatosis, CAFs in primary ovarian carcinomas could be originated via a mesothelia-to-mesenchymal transition (MMT) process. The detection of mesothelial-derived CAFs in tumors confined to the ovary and associated biomarkers could be the key to early detection of peritoneal spread in affected patients.
The Role of Ethical Sourcing Practices in Addressing Price Inflation in Renewable Energy Supply Chains
Authors: Reynolds Samantha
Published: May 2024

Ethical sourcing practices play a pivotal role in addressing price inflation within renewable energy supply chains. This qualitative research investigates the multifaceted impacts of ethical sourcing, drawing insights from interviews with key stakeholders in the renewable energy sector. The study reveals that ethical sourcing enhances supply chain transparency, traceability, and resilience by mitigating risks associated with unethical practices such as labor exploitation and environmental degradation. Fair trade initiatives contribute to economic stability and reduce price volatility by ensuring fair compensation for producers and workers, fostering long-term relationships, and reinvesting premiums into community development projects. Sustainable sourcing practices align with consumer preferences for eco-friendly products, reduce the demand for virgin resources, and promote regulatory compliance and incentives, thereby stabilizing costs and reducing environmental impact. Socially responsible companies that prioritize fair labor practices and community support experience fewer disruptions and benefit from a more stable and productive workforce. Entrepreneurship and emotional intelligence among leaders drive the adoption and successful implementation of ethical sourcing practices, enhancing brand reputation, consumer trust, and market competitiveness. Despite challenges, such as higher implementation costs and supplier resistance, the long-term benefits of ethical sourcing outweigh the initial costs and contribute to sustainable supply chains. Collaboration, consumer education, and effective regulation are essential for promoting ethical sourcing across the renewable energy sector.
A Study on Digital Model for Decision-Making in Crisis Response
Authors: Kosaka Naoko , Moriguchi Shuji , Shibayama Akihiro , Kura Tsuneko , Shigematsu Naoko , Okumura Kazuki , Mas Erick , Okumura Makoto , Koshimura Shunichi , Terada Kenjiro , Fujino Akinori , Matsubara Hiroshi , Hisada Masaki
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we propose a digital model to run an evacuation simulation that reflects the road network blockage caused by the landslide and river flooding damage in Marumori-machi, Miyagi Prefecture, which was severely damaged by Typhoon No. 19 in 2019. In particular, we propose an evacuation agent simulation model that can be extended in the future to scenarios related to disaster response decisions, education, and awareness on the part of residents and can reproduce the evacuation agent situation of a real disaster. The method adjusts a set of parameters of vehicles and pedestrian agents to reproduce the evacuation situation. Then, using the parameter set, we perform the agent simulations under different scenarios varying the time of disaster occurrence and evacuation. Finally, we evaluate the changes in the number of people who have completed their evacuation, the number of victims, etc. The results of the scenarios with different disaster occurrence times showed that the final evacuation rate situation improved by at least 1% (about 170 people who completed evacuation) during daylight time compared to nighttime. The relationship between sunset time and the start of evacuation was qualitatively and quantitatively demonstrated to be supported. It was also confirmed that the evacuation situation did not change much with the time of the evacuation announcement. These results show trends limited to the present study’s disasters and scenarios and do not necessarily provide generalized findings for disaster response. However, the results indicate that applying the proposed methodology to a greater number of disasters and scenario conditions could lead to better analysis and optimization of disaster response. Interviews with government disaster management officials in the target areas suggest that confirming the effectiveness of disaster response while visualizing the distribution of disaster risk in the areas from a bird’s eye view, as in this study, could enhance existing response plans. This approach may also present information comprehensibly for staff and residents who did not experience the disaster firsthand, simulating the experience for better understanding.
Design Pentahelix dalam Pengembangan Pariwisata Berbasis Masyarakat di Pulau Pari
Authors: Reizha Ananda Setyara  , Afdhal Fajar Dzaky  , Rahmat Darmawan
Published: May 2024

Pulau Pari adalah destinasi wisata berbasis masyarakat yang semakin populer di Kabupaten Kepulauan Seribu. Pengembangan wisata berbasis masyarakat di Pulau Pari membutuhkan kolaborasi yang efektif antara berbagai pemangku kepentingan. Penelitian ini mengadopsi perspektif kolaboratif melalui model Pentahelix untuk menganalisis interaksi pemangku kepentingan, menilai tingkat keberhasilan, serta mencari solusi dan strategi pengembangan wisata. Dengan pendekatan studi kasus kualitatif, penelitian ini memvisualisasikan interaksi antara lima pemangku kepentingan utama, yaitu akademisi, pelaku usaha, komunitas, pemerintah, dan media. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan meliputi wawancara semi terstruktur dan analisis dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masing-masing pemangku kepentingan telah berperan sesuai dengan bidangnya dalam pengembangan wisata berbasis masyarakat di Pulau Pari, namun kolaborasi antar pemangku kepentingan belum optimal. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa meskipun ada kontribusi yang signifikan dari setiap pemangku kepentingan, kurangnya koordinasi dan sinergi masih menjadi tantangan utama. Oleh karena itu, direkomendasikan adanya peningkatan peran pemerintah lokal melalui pengembangan kebijakan yang mendukung inovasi dalam pemanfaatan sumber daya alam lokal. Selain itu, pembentukan kelembagaan kolaborasi antar pemangku kepentingan juga diperlukan untuk memastikan adanya kerjasama yang berkelanjutan dan efektif. Dengan demikian, upaya pengembangan wisata berbasis masyarakat di Pulau Pari dapat berjalan lebih optimal, membawa manfaat bagi semua pihak yang terlibat, serta berkontribusi terhadap keberlanjutan lingkungan dan kesejahteraan masyarakat setempat.
Kata Kunci: kolaborasi pemangku kepentingan, model Pentahelix, pengembangan wisata, Pulau Pari, pariwisata berbasis masyarakat.
La nomenclatura de las variedades de vid en español y en francés (1490-1807)
Authors: Ibáñez Rodríguez Miguel
Published: May 2024

El objetivo principal de este trabajo es analizar cómo proceden los traductores al verter los nombres de las variedades de vid al francés desde el español y al español desde el francés. Esto implica otros objetivos secundarios. En primer lugar, compilar un corpus de tratados sobre ampelografía traducidos comprendidos entre 1490 y 1807, para cuya compilación nos hemos servido de la investigación documental mediante la búsqueda telemática e in situ en fondos históricos de diferentes centros y bibliotecas. Y, en segundo lugar, identificar y extraer los nombres de las variedades de vid de dicho corpus. Tras lo cual, procedimos a evaluar e interpretar sus traducciones siguiendo la metodología cualitativa y la analítica-contrastiva. Como resultado, de los 18 tratados de ampelografía recopilados en español y en francés, tan solo dos cuentan con traducción. Este bajo índice de traducciones, el 11,1 % del total de tratados, se debe al carácter local de las variedades de vid. A la vista de los resultados y, tras precisar las técnicas de traducción empleadas como fruto de nuestro análisis contrastivo, hemos podido concluir que los traductores, desconocedores del estatus propio de los nombres de las variedades de vid, siguen criterios diferentes y poco rigurosos en sus traducciones.
BOURGOIN VERGONDY, Emmanuel y MÉNDEZ GONZÁLEZ, Ramón (eds.). Traducción y paratraducción: Líneas de investigación II. Frankfurt am Main, Peter Lang, 2023, 200 pp. ISBN: 978-3-631-84174-7.
Authors: Goberna Falque Juan Ramón
Published: May 2024

Reseña del libro: Traducción y paratraducción: Líneas de investigación II.
PROFIT-AND-LOSS SHARING FINANCING, OPERATING EXPENSES, AND THE INTERMEDIATION COSTS OF ISLAMIC RURAL BANKS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Susamto Akhmad Akbar
Published: May 2024

This paper examines the effect of profit-and-loss sharing financing (PLS financing) and operating expenses on the intermediation costs of Islamic rural banks in Indonesia.  Using a panel dataset of 147 Islamic rural banks over the period 2011-2021 and dynamic panel regressions, it shows that, in general, PLS financing exerts no significant influence on the Islamic rural banks’ intermediation costs, as measured by the net margin. Meanwhile, the operating expenses are significantly and positively affecting the banks’ net margin, the result that is robust to different regression specifications. Accordingly, the initiatives to promote PLS financing will, at least, not necessarily have a detrimental effect on the net margin. Operating expenses matter more, underscoring the need for serious efforts to improve the effectiveness of Islamic local banks’ cost management.
ETHICS IN FOCUS: A BIBLIOMETRIC AND CONTENT ANALYSIS OF ISLAMIC BANKING AND FINANCE RESEARCH
Authors: Zahari Siti Aisyah , Shahimi Shahida , Alma’amun Suhaili , Ismail Abdul Ghafar
Published: May 2024

This study performs a bibliometric analysis of the literature on ethics in Islamic banking and finance (IBF) in the Scopus database. A total of 366 scholarly articles pertaining to the subject of ethics in IBF are analyzed using VOSviewer, Wordstats, Harzing’s Publish or Perish and Microsoft Excel. The development of the literature on ethics in IBF is outlined in this study, along with a list of the most significant authors, as well as relevant nations, groups, and journal sources. Moreover, the study identifies six major clusters namely, corporate image and customer loyalty of IBF, ethical decision making in IBF, Islamic work ethics, IBF standards and supervisory, ethical products and services of IBF, and maqasid al-shariah and IBF. The findings show an increasing number of citations and documents related to ethics in IBF whereby, the journal of "International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management" makes a substantial contribution to the field of ethics in IBF, both in terms of number of articles published and citation counts. The study offers the opportunity for future research to focus on these topics.
Acknowledgment
This paper is part of the research funded by the Faculty of Economics and Management, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia under Geran Inisiatif Penyelidikan (EP-2023-016) entitled "The Policy Framework of Ethical Banking for Malaysian Financial Institutions". We would also like to express our gratitude to the participants and discussants of The 9th International Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance Conference (9th IIMEFC), held on 25th October 2023, who provided valuable insights that significantly contributed to the improvement of the paper.
BOARD OVERSIGHT AND DIVIDEND POLICIES IN MALAYSIAN SHARIAH-COMPLIANT COMPANIES
Authors: Jamadar Yasmin , Tabash Mosab I. , Hossain Mohammad Imtiaz , Shahriar Mohammad Shibli
Published: May 2024

A stable dividend policy is often in the company's and its shareholders' best interests. Considering the importance of dividend policy, we examine the determinants of dividend payment in Malaysian Sharia-compliant listed firms and the moderating role of board directors. To this end, we apply a static-panel model using data of Malaysian Shariah-compliant listed firms from 2014 to 2020.  We find that ROA (Return on Asset) and Price-Earnings ratio (PER) have a significant positive impact on the dividend payout ratio (DPR). On the other hand, NAV (Net Asset Value) shows a negative and significant relationship with the DPR. Our findings also reveal that the board of directors significantly and positively influence the decision to pay   dividends. The findings of the study hold significant importance for corporations in determining a suitable dividend policy that can ensure the sustainability of a consistent dividend payout and ensure their organization's financial stability, particularly in Malaysian-listed Shariah-compliant firms.
First description of ventilation strategy-specific phenotypes involved in initiating preterm lung injury
Authors: Pereira-Fantini Prue , Ferguson Kristin , McCall Karen , Oakley Regina , Perkins Elizabeth , Byars Sean , Williamson Nicholas , Nie Shuai , Tingay David
Published: May 2024

The associated publication reports proteomic analysis of preterm lung tissue, where we identified protein subtypes associated with different aeration strategies applied at birth in the preterm lung with acute RDS. This protocol describes the sample preparation and mass spectrometry (MS)-based analysis of lung samples using TMT labelling, followed by LC-MS data-dependent acquisition. Lung samples were from two distinct regions; the gravity non-dependent (n=49) and dependent lung regions (n=51). The reported protocol achieved analytical depth of 3754 proteins which was reduced to an analysis data set of 2373 proteins following removal of proteins which were missing from all samples in a 10-plex set.
Antibacterial Efficacy and Biocompatibility of Calcium Hydroxide, Camphorated Parachlorophenol, and a combination of Calcium Hydroxide and Camphorated Parachlorophenol as Root Canal Dressing against Enterococcus Faecalis in Single Rooted Mandibular Premolars.
Authors: zain hoda
Published: May 2024

Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) are the most common bacterial species in resistant or recurrent infections due to its penetration in deep dentinal layers which is difficult to clean leading to endodontic treatment failures . It comprises 6% of total flora in root canals and is seen in 22- 77% of root canal retreatment cases owing to the virulence factors it possesses.
Thus, intracanal medication between appointments is recommended to further reduce bacteria in the root canal system.The aim of the present study is to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy and biocompatibility of Ca(OH)2, CPCP and a combination of Ca(OH)2 and CPCP as root canal dressing against E. faecalis in single rooted mandibular premolars compared to teeth with empty canals.
Phase formation capability and compositional design of β-phase multiple rare-earth principal component disilicates
Authors: Luo Yixiu , Sun Luchao , Wang Jiemin , Du Tiefeng , Zhou Cui , Zhang Jie , Wang Jingyang
Published: May 2024

A key strategy to design environmental barrier coatings focuses on doping multiple rare-earth principal components into β-type rare-earth disilicates (RE2Si2O7) to achieve versatile property optimization. Herein, we report the experimental method for synthesizing (REI0.25REII0.25REIII0.25REIV0.25)2Si2O7 compounds. The procedure of synthesizing powder materials, fabricating bulk samples, phase identification, and composition characterization are described. The work, which elaborates with details for the "Experimental Section" of our lately submitted journal article, may accelerate the design of (nRExi)2Si2O7 materials.
Micro-crystalline Evolution and Enhanced Mechanical Properties of Continuous BN Fibers
Authors: Qi Xueli , Ding Weichen , Xu Haonan , Wang Yujiao , Cheng Zhiqiang , Zhang Meng , Wang Zhihao , Yao Jianyao
Published: May 2024

With their unique combination of low density, high thermal conductivity, high thermal stability, excellent chemical inertness, and good dielectric properties, boron nitride (BN) fibers are promising for advanced material applications, particularly in the field of electromagnetic wave transmission. The fabrication of high-quality, continuous BN fibers via inorganic methods still faces unresolved challenges. In this study, continuous boron oxide (B2O3) precursor fibers were initially produced using a melt spinning process with boric acid as the raw material. Subsequently, primary BN fiber products containing residual B2O3 (referred to as BNO) and final BN fibers were successively prepared through a two-step nitridation process. The effects of the drawing process and the initial nitridation temperature on the composition and phase constitution of B2O3 were extensively investigated. Additionally, it explored the processes of crystallization and orientation evolution in continuous BN fibers, thereby elucidating the impact of micro-structure on the mechanical properties of both BNO and BN fibers. It is noteworthy that the continuous BN fibers, subjected to a secondary nitridation process at 1850°C, exhibited exceptional mechanical properties, with a tensile strength of 890.9 MPa and an elastic modulus of 40.8 GPa. This study not only produce continuous BN fibers with exceptional mechanical properties but also provide a detailed description of their synthesis process and structural evolution, offering valuable insights for enhancing the mechanical performance of continuous fibrous materials with two-dimensional structure.
Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension Adherence and Associated Factors Among Individuals With Hypertension In West Gojjam Zone Public Hospitals, North West Ethiopia, 2023: Mixed Approach.
Authors: Asmare Melaku , Mengistu Berhanu , Desalegn Nigatu , Derso Terefe
Published: May 2024

Background; - Hypertension is a major public health concern with a higher contribution to world morbidity and mortality. DASH diet adherence is key to maintain blood pressure levels and prevent its complications but in Ethiopia, there is a limited evidence about its adherence. This research explores the DASH diet adherence and fill knowledge gaps. Objective;-The aim of this study was to identify DASH diet adherence and associated factors and explore barriers and contributing factors among individuals with hypertension in West Gojjam Zone public hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia, 2023.
Method; - A cross-sectional study supplemented with a qualitative approach was used among 582 participants. A systematic random sampling and purposeful sampling technique were used for participant selection. Epi Info version 7.5 for data entry and STATA 17 for analysis were used. Open Code 4.2 was used for thematic analysis of qualitative data. In bivariable analysis, a p value of 0.2 was entered into multivariable analysis. Crude odd ratio (COR) and then an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) at 95% CI was also used to measure the strength, and the significance of the variable was declared at a p value of ≤0.05.
Result; - The overall proportion of good DASH diet adherence of the study was 40.7% [CI; 36.65, 44.7]). A multivariable logistic regression showed that who had good knowledge about hypertension (AOR=2.54, CI: [1.66-3.88]), Strong social support(AOR=3.4, CI: [1.12, 4.4]), presence of co- comorbidity( AOR=2, CI;[1.71, 4.52]), presence of family history (AOR1=3, CI; [1.37, 7.0]) and diagnosis duration of HTN >10 years(AOR;3.3 CI;[1.1, 9.8]) and 5-10 years(AOR=2.38, CI;[1.23, 4.55]) were significantly associated with good DASH diet adherence. Economic problem, lack of family support, working condition, inaccessibility of the diet and social life were also a barrier for good adherence.
Conclusion; this study has revealed that only two-fifths of respondents had with good DASH diet adherence. Good knowledge for hypertension, presence of family history, presence of comorbidity, strong social support, and long duration of hypertension diagnosis were significantly associated with DASH diet adherence. Financial problems, the inaccessibility of diet, working condition, social life interactions, and the absence of family support were barriers to good adherence. Nutritional education, increasing production of fruit and vegetables are recommended.
Satellite Observations of Water Origins Reveal New Dimensions of Hydroclimate Vulnerability of Global Croplands
Authors: Jiang Yan , Burney Jennifer
Published: May 2024

Food security depends on water availability; understanding the sources of atmospheric moisture for different crop producing regions is thus critical. Here, using Earth observations and physical and statistical models over the period 2003-2019, we explore the extent to which atmospheric moisture for the world’s major crops originates from oceans versus land. By integrating precipitation isotope observations and two satellite-derived atmospheric water isotope products, we find that the percentage of crop water originating from land varies from ~25% to 75% over the year, with strong variation over crop growing seasons and crop phenological stages. Although patterns vary by region, ocean-originating moisture tends to provide most precipitation during the vegetative and reproductive stages of the main crop growing season. Linking source and water supply information shows that crop water stress becomes more likely later during the reproductive period, due to continuous and increasing soil moisture depletion, and this phenomenon is much stronger for croplands dependent on land-originating moisture. This stress is highly associated with crop productivity as measured by greenness (NIRv): we find that croplands with ≥40% of moisture derived from land are more susceptible to water stress than those with <40%. Importantly, when disaggregated by crop type, we find that over 40% of the world’s maize and over 50% of the world’s wheat receive more than 40% of their moisture from land during the critical reproductive stage. For these areas, simple hydrological metrics -- integrated rainwater supply and root-zone soil moisture -- explain up to 60% of inter-annual variability in crop greenness. These results thus provide valuable insights for understanding dimensions of the vulnerability of global crop production and potential adaptation responses, including protection of local land moisture sources, selection of suitable crops, and design of smart irrigation strategies at sub-seasonal scales.
Assessment of threatened arborous species in the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, Southern Western Ghats, India
Authors: Sakkamuthu Verisakkaiah , Sarvalingam Ariyan , Thangadurai Kumareswari
Published: May 2024

The Western Ghats are the world’s second-most significant refuge for species at risk, particularly in the Nilgiri, a part of the Southern Western Ghats (SWG) region that is one of the richest biogeographic provinces in the Indian subcontinent. In the present research area of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, 68 threatened species (including 29 taxa that are endemic) were documented under 50 genera belonging to 35 families comprising 32 angiosperms and 3 gymnosperms (Cycadaceae, Cupressaceae, and Gnetaceae). Certain threatened factors, like overexploitation of natural resources and other anthropogenic activities, adversely affect the existing ecosystem and lead to the rarity of many species in the future. Therefore, the study emphasizes the strict protection of monumental forest patches, considering the presence of various endemic and threatened species in this region. This research will help determine the importance of these species-enriched areas and habitats for threatened diversity as habitats and habitat patches become priorities for conservation.
A High Precision Vital Signs Detection Method Based on Millimeter Wave Radar
Authors: chen Yuanchang , yuan Jiangnan , tang Jun
Published: May 2024

Millimeter wave (mmWave) radar technology has potential applications in vital signs
detection and medicine. In order to minimize the influence of human micro-movements and respiratory
harmonics on heart rate estimation, the vital signs detection method based on mmWave radar is studied in
this paper. First, we use median filtering to eliminate baseline drift caused by human micromotion. Next,
a differential recursive least squares multiple classification (DR-MUSIC) algorithm is proposed based on
the combination of recursive least squares-based adaptive filter (RLS) and multiple signal classification
(MUSIC) algorithm. This algorithm effectively suppresses respiratory harmonics and separates respiratory
and heartbeat signals. Finally, heart rate value can be precisely estimated using spectral peak search. We
invite a number of people to participate in the experiment, which demonstrate that the method successfully
suppresse the impact of respiratory harmonics at low SNR. The error rate between the estimated heart rate
and the reference heart rate is only 1.69% to 2.61%, which is significantly better than the existing algorithms.
The Role of Reflection in Learning within Puzzle-Based Games
Authors: Rojas-Pino Marcos , Nardo Jocelyn Elizabeth , DeLiema David , Salehi Shima
Published: May 2024

In the context of science, engineering, and design, reflection has been identified as a key practice that helps one to improve their problem-solving process and adapt it in the face of new challenges. The purpose of this study is to further examine the role of reflection its triggers, and its various types in the context of puzzle-based problem-solving as players engaged in solving complex puzzles within an online puzzle-based game entitled, Baba is You.® Within each level of Baba is You®, the player is tasked with solving a puzzle by interacting with various objects, and movable word blocks. Through interacting with these word blocks, players can change the rules of the game. 25 players, 13 middle school, 12 college students, from the United States were recruited via online flyers for this study and participated in video-recorded interviews over Zoom to solve several levels. None of the players had played Baba is You® before the study. A thematic qualitative analysis of two levels attempted by all players, Float and Changeless, were conducted to identify different types and triggers for reflection during problem solving, and its impacts on the following problem-solving actions. The findings revealed that players engage in three different main types of reflection during game play: reflection on problem orientation, reflection on observed deviation, and reflection on action-revision. Overall, findings show that there were three main types of reflection during these puzzles play sessions and they played a critical role in improving players’ problem-solving actions.
Lag Time and Time of Concentration evaluation for flood risk estimation using GIS modelling techniques – A case study of Lidder Watershed, J&K, India
Authors: Ahmad Wani Suhail , haq Inzamam ul , Sheikh Bashir Ahmad , Ahmed Shafiq , Reshi Umar Amin , Farooq Majid , Asgher Md Sarfaraz , Habibi Habibullah , Ahmad Mansoor , Jamal Saleha , Salim Mohd
Published: May 2024

This research focuses on evaluating lag time (TL) and time of concentration (TC) using GIS modeling techniques in the Lidder Watershed, Jammu and Kashmir, India, to improve flood risk estimation. Lag time and time of concentration are critical hydrological parameters that reflect a watershed's response to rainfall events, influencing flood dynamics and watershed management strategies. The study employs the Soil Conservation Service formula and GIS tools to calculate TL and TC based on factors such as hydraulic length, average slope, and curve number. The computed lag time of approximately 457.10 minutes and time of concentration of 761 minutes provide essential insights into watershed hydrology, particularly in data-scarce mountainous regions. Additionally, the weighted curve number (CNaw) of 73.63 signifies the surface runoff potential within the basin, aiding flood risk assessment. These findings highlight the significance of integrating spatial data and advanced modeling techniques for accurate hydrological assessments, essential for flood forecasting, infrastructure design, and land use planning. The study underscores the vulnerability of the Lidder Watershed to flash floods due to its circular shape coefficient, varying elevations, and significant slopes. Proposed measures for improving flood risk assessment and watershed management include implementing flood early warning systems, optimizing land use planning, designing resilient infrastructure, raising community awareness, and fostering integrated watershed management practices. By adopting these strategies and continuing research efforts, the Lidder River basin and similar regions can enhance flood resilience, protect lives and property, and promote sustainable development amidst climate change and urbanization challenges.
Geospatial Approach for Quantitative analysis and implications of drainage morphometry of the Antsokia watershed in the semi-arid northern Ethiopia
Authors: Negesse Mulugeta Demisse
Published: May 2024

This study employed remote sensing data, geographic information systems, and statistical methods to analyze the morphometric features of the Antsokia watershed and its sub-watersheds. It assessed drainage network, watershed geometry, drainage texture, and relief characteristics. The Antsokia watershed is drained mainly by a sixth-order river with a dendritic pattern. The mean bifurcation ratio (Rb) was 3.9, indicating a typical branching pattern, while sub-watersheds showed higher Rb values (> 5), suggesting steep terrain. The longest flow path is 42.5 km, marked by knickpoints due to lithological changes and major faults. The watershed's elongated shape indicates longer peak flows, aiding flood management. Drainage texture analysis revealed fine drainage, implying soft rock prone to erosion prevails. Most of the watershed comprises high relief and steep slopes (78%), including hills, breaks, and low mountains. The S-shaped hypsometric curve with a hypsometric integral of 0.4 suggests the watershed is in a mature stage of geomorphic evolution and equilibrium. Sub-watershed morphometric parameters varied spatially, categorized into low, moderate, and high clusters. Overall, this study enhances understanding of Antsokia watershed's characteristics, aiding in sustainable resource management and decision-making.