bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Die dunkle Seite der Ansichtskarte
Authors: Müller Marcus , Bender Michael
Published: January 2023

In diesem Beitrag werden kontragenerische Textpraktiken auf Ansichtskarten untersucht. Darunter verstehen wir schriftliche Praktiken, mit denen man gegen die Erwartungen an Textmuster anschreibt, die mit einer kommunikativen Gattung verbunden sind. Wenn negative Erfahrungen, Gedanken und Gefühle auf Postkarten thematisiert werden, finden wir typischerweise Strategien, die das Negative in einen positiven Rahmen einbetten. Eine kontragenerische Textpraxis enthält also ein verbalisiertes Thema, das vom Schreiber als nicht gattungskonform eingeschätzt wird, sowie sprachliche Formen, mit denen dieses Thema in gattungskonforme Sätze eingebettet und mit diesen vermittelt wird. Wir bezeichnen die nicht gattungskonformen Sachverhalte (es regnet den ganzen Tag) als extragenerischen Begriff und die mit ihnen vermittelnd verbundenen Fakten (wir genießen die Ferien) als intragenerischen Begriff. Die sprachlichen Formen, die eine vermittelnde Beziehung zwischen extra- und intragenerischem Konzept herstellen, nennen wir (leider, aber dennoch) Vermittlerform. Wir untersuchen die Semantik und Textgrammatik solcher Strategien und unterscheiden auf dieser Grundlage verschiedene Typen solcher Einbettungsstrategien. Methodisch haben wir einen Annotationsansatz angewandt, indem wir Stichproben untersuchten, dreifach annotierten, die Übereinstimmung maßen und Zweifelsfälle diskutierten. Auf diese Weise haben wir eine Operationalisierung des Begriffs "kontragenerische Textpraxis" im Annotationsprozess erreicht und Belege gesammelt, die die Grundlage für die hier vorgestellten Analysen bilden.
Authentic Assessments through the Lenses of Diversity, Equity, Inclusion and Justice in a Fully Online Course
Authors: Abramenka-Lachheb Dr. Victoria , De Siqueira Dr. Amaury
Published: January 2023

The social isolation resulting from the 2020 global pandemic posed both challenges and opportunities in higher education. One of the greatest opportunities has been the chance to foreground the dimensions of diversity, equity, inclusion, and justice (DEIJ). As online course enrollments in postsecondary programs increase, educators, researchers, and learning design practitioners need to identify strategies to implement an inclusive learning environment in online learning programs. The purpose of this article is to describe how we, learning designers, conceptualized the DEIJ dimensions and reflected them in our design decisions with the use of technology. Using the DEIJ lenses, we focus on the design of authentic assessments with the use of technology, such as available features within the Canvas learning management system and external tools.
Osie rywalizacji w wyborach do Sejmu w województwie wielkopolskim w XXI w.: wybrane zagadnienia
Authors: Matykowski Roman , Kulczyńska Katarzyna
Published: January 2023

Celem opracowania jest charakterystyka zmian orientacji politycznych w elektoracie województwa wielkopolskiego w wyborach do Sejmu w latach 2001–2019. Rozwinięciem podjętych badań jest analiza rywalizacji między głównymi ugrupowaniami politycznymi – Prawem i Sprawiedliwością (PiS) oraz Platformą Obywatelską (lub jej mutacją Komitetem Obywatelskim w 2019 r.) w latach 2007–2019, jak również transgresja supremacji głosujących na PiS. Poza tym podjęto badania rywalizacji w innych płaszczyznach: (a) poprzez określenie roli kobiet-kandydatek na posłanki w wyborach 2015 i 2019 r. oraz (b) ukazanie zachowań elektoralnych w niektórych rodzajach obwodów specjalnych.
Dostępność i jakość zasobów mieszkaniowych – porównanie wielokryterialne gmin miejskich województwa wielkopolskiego metodą MULTIMOORA
Authors: Gorzeń-Mitka Iwona
Published: January 2023

Celem opracowania jest ocena zmian w dziedzinie dostępności i jakości zasobów mieszkaniowych gmin miejskich województwa wielkopolskiego w perspektywie 5-letniej. Oceny dokonano przy wykorzystaniu procedury wielokryterialnej metody podejmowania decyzji MULTIMOORA. Jako kryteria porównawcze przyjęto zbiory 17 wskaźników pozyskanych z Monitora Rozwoju Lokalnego uzupełnione autorsko dobranymi parametrami rynku nieruchomości dotyczącymi dostępności usług doradczych i zarządczych w zakresie obsługi rynku nieruchomości. Analizą objęto 19 gmin miejskich województwa wielkopolskiego. Otrzymano dwa autorskie rankingi pozwalające na ocenę zmian w obszarze dostępności i jakości zasobów mieszkaniowych wyróżnionych gmin, które mogą stanowić wskazanie do udoskonalenia programowania ich rozwoju w tym zakresie.
Wpływ regionalnych wytycznych na aktywność gmin w zakresie monitorowania programów rewitalizacji na przykładzie województwa wielkopolskiego
Authors: Dziarmakowska Natalia
Published: January 2023

Monitorowanie stanowi integralny element zarządzania programami rewitalizacji. Istota monitorowania podkreślona jest zarówno w literaturze przedmiotowej, jak i w dokumentach strategicznych na poziomie centralnym i regionalnym. Także zapisy programów rewitalizacji podkreślają kluczową rolę monitoringu dla skutecznego zarządzania procesem wdrażania programu. Liczne opracowania i raporty wskazują jednak na uchylanie się gmin od jego prowadzenia. Dokumenty sporządzone na poziomie centralnym zawierają wprawdzie wskazówki w odniesieniu do prowadzenia monitoringu i ewaluacji, mają one jednak dość ogólny charakter. W części województw ustanowione zostały regionalne wytyczne dotyczące prowadzenia rewitalizacji w ramach Regionalnych Programów Operacyjnych, które odnoszą się też do systemu monitorowania. Najbardziej szczegółowe zasady przyjęto w województwie wielkopolskim (Ciesiółka 2019). Wytyczne obligują samorządy terytorialne do monitorowania efektów programów rewitalizacji. Celem artykułu jest refleksja nad obowiązkiem monitorowania programów rewitalizacji, a także nad zakresem zbieranych danych i możliwością ich wykorzystania na poziomie regionalnym.

W opracowaniu wykorzystano analizę danych zastanych, metodę studium przypadku oraz wywiadu e-mailowego.
Metabolic responses to acute sprint interval exercise training performed after an oral 75‐gram glucose load in individuals with overweight/obesity
Authors: Carrillo‐Arango Hugo Alejandro , Atencio‐Osorio Miguel Alejandro , López‐Álban Carlos Alejandro , Nava‐González Edna J. , Correa‐Rodríguez María , Izquierdo Mikel , Ramírez‐Vélez Robinson
Published: January 2023

There is evidence supporting that acute sprint interval training (SIT) might improve metabolic responses to postprandial glucose, but results are inconclusive. The aim of the present study was to explore the effects of acute SIT on metabolic response and substrate utilization in individuals with overweight/obesity after an oral 75‐gram glucose challenge. Thirty‐three participants with overweight/ obesity (32.7 ± 8.3 years, 24 male, 9 female) participated in the study and a crossover design was followed. After the 75‐gram glucose load, participants were randomly allocated to two groups: no exercise (resting) or SIT protocol. Metabolic data including respiratory quotient (RQ) and substrate utilization rates (fats and carbohydrates) were collected using the COSMED Q‐NRG + ® calorimeter. The RQ was significantly lower in the acute SIT group (0.76 [0.01];p < 0.0001) than in the resting group (0.80 [0.01];p = 0.036) at the 120‐min postprandial time point, and the RQ area under the curve (AUC) was also lower in the SIT group (mean difference of −6.62, 95% CI −12.00 to −1.24;p = 0.0161). The contribution of fat to energy expenditure increased after SIT during the postprandial period whereas the contribution of carbohydrates decreased. The AUC for fat contribution was significantly higher (mean difference 2311.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] 578.8 to 4043.3;p = 0.0098) and the AUC for carbohydrate contribution was significantly lower (mean difference −2283.1, 95% CI −4040.2 to −527.1;p = 0.0117) in the SIT group than in the resting group. In conclusions, acute SIT might have a positive effect on metabolic responses to postprandial glucose and, accordingly, should be recommended for improving metabolism in people with overweight/obesity.
Effect of berrycactus fruit (Myrtillocactus geometrizans) on glutamate, glutamine, and GABA levels in the frontal cortex of rats fed with a high-fat diet
Authors: Sandoval-Salazar Cuauhtémoc , Jiménez-García Sandra Neli , Beltrán-Campos Vicente , Vera-Becerra Luz Elvia , Núñez-Colín Carlos Alberto
Published: January 2023

In addition to the known metabolic alterations, obesity has consequences at the brain level, driving imbalance in neurotransmitters such as glutamate (Glu), glutamine (Gln), and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The consumption of fruits with antioxidant properties, such as the berrycactus Myrtillocactus geometrizans, could have beneficial effects in such an imbalance. The study objective was to evaluate frontal cortex neurotransmitter levels and weight changes in rats fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) and MG. To achieve that, five groups of Wistar rats received different diets for 24 weeks: standard diet (SDt), HFD, HFD + MG extract 150 mg (HMg150), HFD + MG extract 300 mg (HMg300), and HFD + MG extract 450 mg (HMg450); rats received MG extract for the last 4 weeks. Weight and food intake were recorded every week, and also neurotransmitter levels were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography. Groups fed with HFDs had increased Glu and Gln levels, decreased GABA, and also gained more weight compared to the SDt group; MG extract of 450 mg decreased Glu levels. Concentrations of 300 and 450 mg of MG extract decreased weight compared to the HFD and HMg150 groups. This study reports that HFDs have an impact on neurotransmitter levels and weight, MG extract showed a reduction in Glu concentration and weight.
Pre-analytical long-term stability of neopterin and neurofilament light in stored cerebrospinal fluid samples
Authors: Rosadas Carolina , Taylor Graham P.
Published: January 2023

Objectives

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of long-term sample storage on the concentrations of neopterin and neurofilament light (Nfl) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples. These are useful markers of neuroinflammation and neuronal damage and have been applied as biomarkers for several neurological diseases. However, different pre-analytical variables have potential to influence results.

Methods

Twenty-one CSF samples donated by patients with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM) and stored for up to 11 years at −80 °C were retested after three-years for neopterin (n=10) and Nfl (n=11) by ELISA.

Results

There was a strong correlation between the paired results (r>0.98, p<0.0001). Neopterin concentrations (nmol/L) ranged from 12.4 to 64 initially and from 11.5 to 64.4 when retested, with means (SD) of 30 (18.4) 1st test and 33 (19.1) 2nd test. Nfl concentrations (pg/mL) ranged from 79.9 to 3,733 initially and from 86.3 to 3,332, when retested with means (SD) of 1,138 (1,272) 1st test and 1,009 (1,114) at re-test.

Conclusions

Storing CSF samples at −80 °C appears not to impact the quantification of neopterin and Nfl allowing confidence in the reporting of archived samples.
C-reactive protein interacts with amphotericin B liposomes and its potential clinical consequences
Authors: Delanghe Joris R. , Himpe Jonas , Boelens Jerina , Benoit Dominique , Gadeyne Bram , Speeckaert Marijn M. , Verbeke Frederick
Published: January 2023

Objectives

Amphotericin B (AmB) is the gold standard for treating invasive fungal infections. New liposomal-containing AmB formulations have been developed to improve efficacy and tolerability. Serum/plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) values are widely used for monitoring infections and inflammation. CRP shows a high affinity to phosphocholine and it aggregates structures bearing this ligand, e.g. phosphocholine-containing liposomes. Therefore, we studied the interaction between CRP and phosphocholine-containing liposomal AmB preparations in vivo and in vitro.

Methods

CRP was prepared by affinity chromatography. Liposomal AmB (L-AmB, AmBisome®) was spiked (final concentrations of L-AmB: 150 mg/L) to CRP-containing serum (final CRP concentration: 300 mg/L). Following the addition of L-AmB, complex formation was monitored turbidimetrically. The size of CRP-L-AmB complexes was assessed using gel filtration. CRP was monitored in patients receiving either L-Amb or AmB lipid complex (ABLC).

Results

Following addition of L-AmB to CRP-containing plasma, turbidimetry showed an increase in absorbance. These results were confirmed by gel permeation chromatography. Similarly, in vivo effects were observed following intravenous administration of AmBisome®: a decline in CRP values was observed. In patients receiving L-Amb, decline of CRP concentration was faster than in patients receiving ABLC.

Conclusions

In vitro experiments are suggestive of a complexation between CRP and liposomes in plasma. Interpretation of CRP values following administration of AmBisome® might be impaired due to this complexation. In vivo formation of complexes between liposomes and CRP might contribute, or even lead, to intravascular microembolisation. Similar effects have been described following the administration of Intralipid® and other phosphocholine-containing liposomes.
Export Cutoff Productivity, Uncertainty and Duration of Waiting for Exporting
Authors: Duan Lianjie
Published: January 2023

Using China’s transaction-level trade data and firm-level production data during 2000–2006, this study first estimates the duration of Chinese industrial enterprises’ waiting for exporting. The results show that the average duration of waiting for exporting is 4.7 years and the median is 5 years. Besides, the hazard rate of export entry has the prominent positive duration dependence. Then, this study uses Cox proportional hazard model to analyse the impact of export cutoff productivity on the duration of waiting for exporting. The result indicates that the rise in the productivity threshold will significantly prolong the duration of waiting for exporting, and this conclusion is supported by a variety of robustness tests. In addition, the estimation result of hazard ratio shows that every 1% increase in productivity threshold will lead to a 0.1261% decrease in hazard rate of enterprises’ export entry. Moreover, the heterogeneity test indicates that the effect of export cutoff productivity on duration of enterprises’ waiting for exporting has the significant ownership and industry heterogeneity, but does not have the destination heterogeneity. Further, this study finds that China’s accession to the World Trade Organisation helps to weaken the threshold effect of export cutoff productivity on the duration of Chinese enterprises’ waiting for exporting, while the rise in the uncertainty will aggravate this effect. This study indicates that it should be the focus of government to actively promote the establishment of bilateral and multilateral free trade zones, to create a stable business environment for enterprises and to reduce the market uncertainty.
Fabrication of magnesium oxide nanoparticles using Eucalyptus tereticornis seed extract and their characterisation
Authors: Bhatt Khushboo , Agrawal Sonalika , Jain Vikas Kumar , Khan Fahmida
Published: January 2023

The green approach is a simple and efficient method for generating metal oxide nanoparticles. Magnesium oxide nanoparticles gained prominence due to their unique biodegradation, microbe growth inhibition, and non-toxicity properties. The seed extract of Eucalyptus tereticornis was used to make magnesium oxide nanoparticles in this research. Using X-ray diffraction data, the average crystallite size of nanoparticles is estimated to be about 10 nm. Face-centered cubic structured magnesium oxide nanoparticles have a spherical surface morphology, as seen in transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy images. Fourier transform infra-red spectra are used to identify functional groups involved in the stabilization and reduction of precursor salt. Magnesium oxide nanoparticles are employed for a variety of applications including temperature dehydrating agents, high-grade ceramic materials, optoelectronic fields, and bio-medical studies such as antibacterial and antimicrobial.
Energy production in one-qubit quantum Agrawal machines
Authors: Fernández Julio J.
Published: January 2023

We obtain the power and Ω-function of one-qubit Agrawal quantum heat engines solving the Lindbland equation and using the tools of Finite Time Thermodynamics. We prove that these two thermodynamic functions have their maximum values for efficiencies different to zero and the Carnot efficiency. Finally, analyzing the high temperature limit of AQHEs we discover the range of temperatures for which the quantum behaviour is valid.
Controlling surface waves with temporal discontinuities of metasurfaces
Authors: Wang Xuchen , Mirmoosa Mohammad S. , Tretyakov Sergei A.
Published: January 2023

Static reactive metasurfaces allow excitation and propagation of surface waves. In this paper, we theoretically elucidate how surface-wave propagation along a reactive boundary is affected by temporal discontinuities of effective parameters characterizing the boundary. First, we show that by switching the value of the surface reactance, the velocity of surface waves is fully controlled, and the power of reflected and transmitted surface waves can be amplified. Second, we indicate that when a boundary supporting waves with transverse-electric polarization is switched to the one allowing only transverse-magnetic polarization, the propagating surface wave is “frozen” and converted to a static magnetic-field distribution. Moreover, efficiently, these fields can be “melted”, restoring propagating surface waves when the boundary is switched back to the initial state. Finally, we demonstrate that temporal jumps of the boundary reactance couple free-space propagating waves to the surface wave, in an analogy to a spatial prism. All these intriguing phenomena enabled by temporal discontinuities of effective properties of reactive metasurfaces open up interesting possibilities for the generation and control of surface waves.
Increase in Mortality Rates of African-American Women Following Mandatory Arrest Laws: A Study in Unintended Effects
Authors: Ozel Sinan
Published: January 2023

From the late 1970s into the 1990s, 20 states in the USA passed’ mandatory arrest laws’, designed to curb domestic violence, by requiring the responding officer to arrest the offender. I show that these laws led to an increase in the mortality rates of African-American women. The increase takes place approximately four years after the law was passed and loses its statistical significance as time passes. I infer from these results that mandatory arrest laws had unintended consequences for the victims whose partners were arrested, but that these unintended consequences impacted the victims only in the few years following the law. I conclude that increased awareness of the law and offender deterrence eventually mitigates these unintended consequences. I propose a potential explanation for the increase in mortality rates, and make a policy recommendation that offenders and victims be informed about the law change if such a change is to be made.
The Effects of Acute Resistance Exercise on Memory, Processing Speed, and Mood State After a Cognitive Challenge
Authors: Venezia Andrew C. , Barney Patrick , Spagnoli Daniela , Greco-Hiranaka Cannon , Piepmeier Aaron T. , Smith J. Carson , Weiss Lauren R.
Published: January 2023

Venezia, AC, Barney, P, Spagnoli, D, Greco-Hiranaka, C, Piepmeier, AT, Smith, JC, and Weiss, LR. The effects of acute resistance exercise on memory, processing speed, and mood state after a cognitive challenge. J Strength Cond Res 37(9): 1738–1745, 2023—Acute moderate-to-vigorous-intensity aerobic exercise has been shown to improve learning and memory, but the effectiveness of acute high-intensity resistance exercise for improving memory is not fully understood. Like acute aerobic exercise, acute resistance exercise increases arousal and circulating catecholamines, mechanisms suggested to mediate the memory-enhancing effects of acute exercise. Furthermore, although acute exercise has been shown to benefit mood state, it is unknown if high-intensity resistance exercise positively influences mood state after a cognitive challenge. In this within-subjects design, subjects (18- to 25-year-old men) completed an approximately 40-minute session of resistance exercise or seated rest. Immediately after, the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM) Code Substitution (CS)-Learning, CS-Immediate Recognition, and CS-Delayed Recognition tasks were completed, followed by the ANAM Mood Scale. There were no significant effects of exercise on recognition memory; however, CS-Learning (attention and processing speed) was better after resistance exercise (p = 0.03). After the cognitive challenge, restlessness (p < 0.001), vigor (p = 0.03), and depression (p = 0.047) scores were higher after resistance exercise compared with rest; however, after false discovery rate correction, only restlessness remained significantly different between sessions (q = 0.002), whereas vigor (q = 0.09) and depression (q = 0.09) did not. These results suggest that an acute bout of resistance exercise improves attention and processing speed, although it does not improve recognition memory and has mixed effects on mood state in college-aged men.
The Level of Knowledge about Dysphagia Among Neurological and Internal Medicine Nurses
Authors: Skrzypek-Czerko Marcelina , Zielińska Małgorzata , Roszmann Anna , Jerzykowska Martyna , Nowakowska Hanna
Published: January 2023

Introduction. Dysphagia is defined as swallowing disorders which causes malnourished, aspiration pneumonia andincreased number of deaths. The best method to diagnose dysphagia are screening tests. Due to the tests it is possibleto introduce an accurate therapy and make a team of therapists to participate in. According to the information theknowledge about this kind of dysfunction is important among nurses.Aim. The main goal of my diploma project was to measure the level of knowledge about dysphagia among thenurses from neurological and internal wards.Material and Methods. The scientific method, which has been used to make the research was diagnosis soundingincluding the surveys. Research tool which has been used while the research was especially made and dedicated formy project own questionnaire of surveys.Results. In the research have taken a part 70 nurses in the age over 22 year-old, who are active in their jobs andwork at neurological and internal wards in the hospitals of Gdańsk. The research has proved higher knowledge levelof the nurses working at neurological wards. All the surveyed people showed the knowledge about the definitionof dysphagia as well as about the food which every sick person should consume and avoid.Conclusions. Own research has shown that the garden of respondents does not affect the level of knowledge aboutdysphagia. The age of the respondents shows no relation to the level of nurses’ knowledge about dysphagia. In turn,seniority affect the knowledge of nurses in this area. The greater the seniority, the higher the level of knowledge ofthe topic in the field of dysphagia. Similarly the workplace. Neurological nurses were characterized by a higher levelof knowledge about dysphagia than nurses from internal medicine departments, while the level of knowledge aboutdysphagia does not depend on the education of the nurses surveyed. (JNNN 2021;10(1):10–17)
Neurosurgical Spine Implants in Geriatric Patients Treated Surgically for Lumbar Stenosis
Authors: Siedlecki Zygmunt , Główczewska-Siedlecka Emilia , Szafrańska Małgorzata , Śniegocki Maciej
Published: January 2023

Introduction. The incidence of degenerative lumbar spine stenosis increases with age. While young people tend tohave simple disc herniations with root compression, older people develop degenerative stenosis: facet joint hypertrophy,osteophytes, and ligamentum flavum hypertrophy. A typical for senility is neurogenic claudication caused by lumbarforaminal stenosis. Its symptoms decrease in spine flexion.Aim. The study consisted of a retrospective evaluation of medical data: analysis of the patient’s age, description ofthe surgical procedure and a list of spine implants.Material and Methods. The analysis included patients treated surgically for lumbar stenosis in 2020 in NeurosurgicalDepartment of Collegium Medicum in Nicolaus Copernicus University (Bydgoszcz, Poland).Results. The perioperative risk increases with the age of patients, therefore procedures in elderly patients shouldusually be less invasive, ephemeral, and even under local anesthesia. Therefore, neurosurgeons tend to insert spinalimplants in senility to support the surgical effect and optimize the time of the procedure. Interspinous spacers areimplants for neurogenic claudication. Interspinous spacers causes foraminal distraction and thus can theoreticallyinduce nerve roots decompression in indirect mechanism, less invasive, with less tissue damage. We notice significantlymore frequent use of interspinous spacers in patients over seventy.Conclusions. This observation requires further research and analysis; however, it is consistent with the availableliterature and the actual state of clinical practice. This has potentially important implications for neurosurgicalnursing — in geriatric patients after lumbar spine surgery, implants are significantly more common — interspinousspacers, which should be considered in nursing perioperative recommendations. (JNNN 2021;10(3):91–95)
The Structure of Stress Experiences in Patients in the Lumbar Spine Pain Syndrome during the COVID-19 Epidemic in Poland
Authors: Mazur Anna , Adamek Karolina , Przychodzka Elżbieta , Zarzycka Danuta , Bartoń Elżbieta
Published: January 2023

Introduction. The rapid transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus has prompted government officials from many countries around the world to introduce severe epidemic restrictions to reduce the risk of developing coronavirus disease (COVID-19). However, apart from the necessity to protect somatic health, it turned out in a relatively short time that the pandemic also posed a serious threat to the mental functioning of many people.Aim. The aim of the study is assessing the structure of stressful experiences of women and men in the pain syndrome of the lumbar spine during the COVID-19 epidemic in Poland.Material and Methods. The study sample consists of 102 patients hospitalized in the Department of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery of the Independent Public Clinical Hospital No. 4 in Lublin. The first group is women, the second is men. The research used the KPS Questionnaire and a proprietary questionnaire. Statistical analyses were carried out using the IBM SPSS 25 program using the two-factor analysis of variance in the mixed schema included in the multivariate OML model.Results. In the group of women, 49.0% of patients feel high stress, 31.4% — moderate, and 19.6% — low. In the male population, 37.3% of the respondents exhibited high stress, 51.0% — average and 11.7% — low. Women exhibit lower emotional tension but higher external stress than men. In addition, the patients have the highest emotional tension and external stress, and the lowest — intrapsychic stress. In men, emotional tension dominates, next is external stress, and intrapsychic stress is significantly lower than them.Conclusions. The obtained data suggest that when designing interventions supporting the mental functioning of this group of patients, consideration should be given to taking into account individual differences identified in the studies. (JNNN 2021;10(3):96–104)
Health Behaviours and Spine Pain among Nursing Staff
Authors: Jabłońska Renata , Strączek Ewelina , Sokal Paweł
Published: January 2023

Introduction. Diseases of the musculoskeletal system are often caused by long-term and often simultaneous influence of the work environment and individual physical factors of each human being. Healthcare workers are most at risk of suffering from musculoskeletal pain.Aim. Assessment of health behaviours and back pain among professionally active nursing team.Material and Methods. 123 active nurses participated in the study. The method of diagnostic survey was used, using standardized research tools: VAS pain scales, Oswestry questionnaire, IZZ questionnaire.Results. According to the conducted analysis, 79.7% of people experience pain; 17.1% reported ailments on an average level. The highest results were obtained by the respondents in terms of questions concerning a positive mental attitude (average value: 3.45 ± 0.59), and the lowest in terms of health practices (average value: 2.89 ± 0.64). In the case of questions about preventive behaviours, women had statistically significantly (p = 0.010) higher results than men.Conclusions. Pain in the spine concerns the majority of the surveyed nurses. In terms of their own health behaviours, the respondents paid the least attention to proper health habits. There was no correlation in pain, functional capacity and personal health behaviour. (JNNN 2021;10(4):135–143)
Automated Pupillometry Value Differences Serve as a Prognostic Indicator Even When They are Within Normal Range
Authors: Neerukonda Sanjay V. , Schneider Nathan J. , Aiyagari Venkatesh , Olson DaiWai M.
Published: January 2023

Introduction. The pupillary light reflex (PLR) is an integral aspect of the neurologic exam. With the enhancement of automated infrared pupillometry (AIP), the Neurological Pupil index (NPi) is being increasingly used when performing a neurological examination. NPi difference (the absolute difference between paired NPi readings from the left and right eye) is a relatively unexplored variable in AIP assessment.Aim. This study evaluates the association between Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores and NPi differences between the left and right eyes, when the NPi is normal, in patients enrolled in a multi-center prospective database.Material and Methods. Restricting observations to only include NPi values ≥ 3 (normal), there were 2,572 qualifying patients with 3,519 pupillometer readings linked to GCS values. Linear regression and ANOVA models were developed to investigate the relationship between GCS and NPi difference.Results. Subject mean age was 55.88 (16.95) years and 54.5% were female. Mean NPi difference was 0.36 and mean GCS was 12.06. Regression analysis indicated a slight negative association between NPi difference and GCS (r2 = 0.0696, P < .0001). When observations were dichotomized as either NPi difference ≥ 0.7 (large) or < 0.7 (small), there was a statistically significant difference in the mean GCS (10.76 [3.90]) for large NPi difference vs. small NPi difference (13.15 [2.68]; P < .0001).Conclusions. Even among patients with normal PLR, a large NPi difference is associated with lower GCS scores. Trending and evaluating the NPi difference may become an important aspect of patient assessment. (JNNN 2021;10(4):168–174)
Minimally Invasive (Percutaneous) Pedicle Srews as the Treatment of Choice in Thoracolumbar Spine Fractures
Authors: Siedlecki Zygmunt , Śniegocki Maciej
Published: January 2023

Introduction. Minimally invasive techniques of transpedicular fusion have become very common and seem to displace classical open techniques. Pedicle screws fusion is the procedure of choice in unstable traumatic lumbar and thoracic spine fractures of.Aim. The aim of the study was to answer whether open techniques are still used in injuries or whether they have been completely replaced by MISS.Material and Methods. The manuscript presents an analysis of patients treated in 2017–2021 in the Department of Neurosurgery, Neurotraumatology and Pediatric Neurosurgery of Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University.Results. Based on the analysis of medical documentation, it was found that every case of traumatic thoracolumbar spine fracture in 2017–2021 was treated using minimally invasive techniques. According to the documentation, the last case of using open surgical technique in the case of trauma was in 2016. It was noted that percutaneous techniques dominated the surgical treatment of thoracolumbar spine fractures and replaced the classic techniques in our department, which are used only, in some cases, in treatment of non-traumatic spondylolisthesis.Conclusions. Therefore, percutaneous techniques are currently the procedure of choice in spine injuries fusion in our hospital. The use of percutaneous techniques reduces the surgical traumatization of tissues (it is important to avoid additional traumatization and blood loss in traumatic patients). It has been pointed out that these procedures are performed by neurosurgeons who, in teaching process, used percutaneous techniques often and now prefer this method. The use of percutaneous techniques has important aspect in the field of neurosurgical nursing, because care of the operated area consists in observing few (4–16) smaller wounds, not one long wound (as in classic techniques), and these wounds are located directly above the titanium screw tips, which must under neurosurgical nurse care. (JNNN 2022;11(1):3–7)
Analysis of Factors that Affect Depression and Cognitive Status in Elderly Individuals
Authors: Harmancı Pınar
Published: January 2023

Introduction. A significant portion of cognitive deficits are explained by Late-Life Depression (LLD) in geriatrics. Nevertheless, it seems to be quite difficult to distinguish between cognitive problems accompanied by depressive symptoms resulting from neurodegenerative diseases and late-life depression. In longitudinal studies, we encounter depression as a significant risk factor for dementia.Aim. It was aimed in the study to analyze the factors affecting depression and cognitive status in elderly individuals.Material and Methods. The study, which was conducted in a nursing home located in central Turkey, was designed as a descriptive research. In the selection of study sample, purposive sampling method was used.Results. The study was seen that 79.59% of the participants had depression loads above 14, and 65.31% had cognitive deficit scores above 25 and was determined that there was a statistically significant relationship in elderly individuals older than 85 years and above between having a neurological and psychiatric disorder, having a chronic disease, experiencing a sleep disorder and cognitive deficit and depression load.Conclusions. Advancement of age, additional presence of a neurological or psychiatric disorder, additional presence of a chronic disease, and presence of sleep disorders increase both the rate of cognitive deficit and depression in a geriatric individual. (JNNN 2022;11(1):14–21)
Delirium and Evidence-Based Nursing Practices: Covid-19 Pandemic Updates
Authors: Kayserilioğlu Gülşah , Tekin Kaya Nedret
Published: January 2023

Delirium is a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome characterized by an acute onset of cognitive, attention, disorientation and change in the level of consciousness. Delirium is a serious health problem that is common at all ages and medical conditions in many places from the emergency department to the operating room. Delirium symptoms can develop within hours or days and last longer than a month. Nurses have important roles in diagnosing delirium and managing the process with evidence-based practices in patient care. Delirium screening and diagnostic measurement tools used for delirium risk classification and diagnosis should be used by nurses who care for the patient day and night. High mortality in the delirium table, a long stay in the intensive care unit or in the hospital lead to high maintenance costs. The prevalence rates of delirium in patients with Covid-19 have increased. The triggering factors that cause delirium in the Covid-19 pandemic may be social distance and social isolation, deep sedation practices, high fever, prolonged mechanical ventilation, delayed extubation due to aerosol propagation anxiety, inadequate pain assessment, psychological perceptions (mass death), multiple organ dysfunctions. It is known that the application of the ABCDEF (Assessing Pain, Both Spontaneous Awakening and Breathing Trials, Choice of Drugs, Delirium monitoring/management, Early exercise/mobility, and Family Empowerment) care package is effective in the management of delirium. It is recommended to use the ABCDEF care package for delirium management in Covid-19 patients. In this review, evidence-based practices are included in the prevention of delirium and nursing care in the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic affecting the whole world. (JNNN 2022;11(2):74–82).
New Onset Diabetes and Its Incidence in Severe COVID 19 Disease A Single Centre Study From Kashmir
Authors: Parrey Ashaq , aijaz Abir , Ismail Mohd. , Sadaqat Mir , Noor Murtaza , Amin Yasmeen , Koka Manzoor
Published: January 2023

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the novel coronavirus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), was first reported in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and has spread worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 is a positivestranded RNA virus that is enclosed by a protein containing lipid bilayer with a single-stranded RNA genome; SARS-CoV-2 has 82% homology with human SARS-CoV, which causes severe acute respiratory syndrome.SARS-CoV-2, virus binds to angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors, which are expressed in key metabolic organs and tissues, including pancreatic beta cells, adipose tissue, the small intestine, and the kidneys. Thus, it is believed that SARS-CoV-2 may cause pleiotropic alterations of glucose metabolism that could complicate the pathophysiology of pre-existing diabetes or lead to new mechanisms of disease. Many studies have made observations that provide support for the hypothesis of a potential diabetogenic effect of Covid-19; in addition it is well-recognized that stress response associated with severe illness have diabetogenic effect. However, whether the alterations of glucose metabolism that occur with a sudden onset in severe COVIOD-19 persist or remit when the infection resolves is unclear. How frequent is the phenomenon of newonset diabetes, and is it classic type 1 or type 2 diabetes or a new type of diabetes. Key words: COVID 19; Prediabetes; Diabetes; Pneumonia.
Severe Gestational Transient Thyrotoxicosis: A Case Report
Authors: Shrestha Bishow , Sherpa Chheki , DeBoer Rebecca , Gabriely Anita
Published: January 2023

We present a case of gestational transient thyrotoxicosis (GTT) associated with hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) highlighting the abnormally elevated free T4 (FT4) found in this instance. This case also highlights that GTT can present as severe and symptomatic hyperthyroidism contrary to its usual presentation of subclinical or mild overt hyperthyroidism. Learning Points 1. Gestational thyrotoxicosis associated with HG can present with severe toxicosis. 2. Symptomatic treatment may be sufficient for the management of this condition. Background One of the etiologies of hyperthyroidism in pregnancy is GTT1. Typically, GTT is a mild, self-limiting condition caused by stimulation of the TSH receptor by human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).
Beyond The Glycaemic Control of Dapagliflozin: Impact on Arterial Stiffness and Macroangiopathy
Authors: González-Clemente José Miguel , García María , Gorgojo Juan José , Jiménez Alberto , Llorente Ignacio , Matute Eduardo , Tejera Cristina , Izarra Aitziber , Lecube Albert
Published: January 2023

Dapagliflozin is a selective sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 nhibitor (SGLT2i) indicated for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and chronic kidney disease. In all indications, treatment can be initiated in adults with estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥25 ml/min/1,73 m². As monotherapy or as an additive therapy, dapagliflozin has been shown to promote better glycaemic control, associated with a reduction in body weight and blood pressure in a wide range of patients. In addition, dapagliflozin has a positive impact on arterial stiffness, helps to control the lipid profile and contributes to a reduced risk of cardiovascular complications. This article reviews the current scientific evidence on the role of dapagliflozin in cardiovascular risk factors including arterial stiffness, cardiovascular disease and heart failure in patients with T2DM, with the aim to help translating this evidence into clinical practice. The underuse of SGLT2i in actual clinical practice is also discussed. Key words: Dapagliflozin; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Cardiovascular Diseases; Heart Failure; Therapeutic Inertia.
Oral Benfotiamine 300 mg Versus Intramuscular Thiamine in Diabetic Patients with Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: El Hefnawy M. Hesham , Ramadan H. , Rabie D. , Effat A.
Published: January 2023

Aim: This is a prospective, pilot, open-label, interventional, comparative, randomized study, enrolled 60 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to assess the effect of different doses of oral vitamin B containing Benfotiamine 300 mg versus intramuscular B vitamins containing watersoluble Thiamine HCl. Methods Patients ≥ 18 years with T2DM with Peripheral Neuropathy, divided into 3 groups; A & B (Benfotiamine 300 mg) and group C (Thiamine HCl), which were sub-divided to include patients with HbA1c less or more than 8 %. Patients were evaluated at baseline, after 2.5 hours, six days, and two weeks. Results Blood vitamin B1 increased from baseline to after 2.5 hours (T2) by 57%, 79% and 33% in group A, B and C respectively, with statistically significant difference in each group (p value < 0.001). Vitamin B1 continued to increase after six days (T6) in patients of groups A & B by 98% and 165% respectively, while dropped in patients of group C from 33% at T2 to 6% at T6, with p-value ≤ 0.001 between the three groups. Diabetic Neuropathic Symptom Score (DNS) decreased in mean value in all groups after 14 days of treatment by 64.4%, 53.7% and 48.6% in group A, B and C respectively, indicating improvement of peripheral neuropathy. Safety: There was no AE or SAE reported during the study. Conclusion: Oral Benfotiamine 300 mg is safe and more effective than intramuscular Thiamine HCl, in increasing vitamin B1 blood level in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy, which in turn relieves peripheral neuropathy. Clinical Trial Registration Number: NA Keywords: Benfotiamine, Bioavailability, Thiamine, Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Abbreviations : Adverse Event (AE), Advanced Glycation End products (AGE), Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Alanine Transaminase (ALT), Body Mass Index (BMI), Case Report Form (CRF), Diabetic Neuropathic Symptom score (DNSS), Diacylglycerol (DAG), Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitor (DPP-4 I), Good Clinical Practice (GCP), Informed Consent Form (ICF), Intent to Treat (ITT), Institutional Review Board (IRB), Ministry of Health (MOH), National Institute of Diabetes and endocrinology (NIDE), Nuclear Factor kappaB (NF-κB), Per Protocol (PP), Protein Kinase C (PKC), Research and health Development (RHD), Serious Adverse Event (SAE), Serotonin and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs), Transient Ischemic Stroke (TIA)
TORC1 phosphorylates and inhibits the ribosome preservation factor Stm1 to activate dormant ribosomes
Authors: Shetty Sunil , Hofstetter Jon , Battaglioni Stefania , Ritz Danilo , Hall Michael N
Published: January 2023

Target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1) promotes biogenesis and inhibits the degradation of ribosomes in response to nutrient availability. To ensure a basal supply of ribosomes, cells are known to preserve a small pool of dormant ribosomes under nutrient‐limited conditions. However, the regulation of these dormant ribosomes is poorly characterized. Here, we show that upon inhibition of yeast TORC1 by rapamycin or nitrogen starvation, the ribosome preservation factor Stm1 mediates the formation of nontranslating, dormant 80S ribosomes. Furthermore, Stm1‐bound 80S ribosomes are protected from proteasomal degradation. Upon nutrient replenishment, TORC1 directly phosphorylates and inhibits Stm1 to reactivate translation. Finally, we find that SERBP1, a mammalian ortholog of Stm1, is likewise required for the formation of dormant 80S ribosomes upon mTORC1 inhibition in mammalian cells. These data suggest that TORC1 regulates ribosomal dormancy in an evolutionarily conserved manner by directly targeting a ribosome preservation factor.
Lack of the human choline transporter‐like protein SLC44A2 causes hearing impairment and a rare red blood phenotype
Authors: Koehl Bérengère , Vrignaud Cédric , Mikdar Mahmoud , Nair Thankam S , Yang Lucy , Landry Seyve , Laiguillon Guy , Giroux‐Lathuile Claudine , Anselme‐Martin Sophie , El Kenz Hanane , Hermine Olivier , Mohandas Narla , Cartron Jean Pierre , Colin Yves , Detante Olivier , Marlu Raphaël , Le Van Kim Caroline , Carey Thomas E , Azouzi Slim , Peyrard Thierry
Published: January 2023

Blood phenotypes are defined by the presence or absence of specific blood group antigens at the red blood cell (RBC) surface, due to genetic polymorphisms among individuals. The recent development of genomic and proteomic approaches enabled the characterization of several enigmatic antigens. The choline transporter‐like protein CTL2 encoded by the SLC44A2 gene plays an important role in platelet aggregation and neutrophil activation. By investigating alloantibodies to a high‐prevalence antigen of unknown specificity, found in patients with a rare blood type, we showed that SLC44A2 is also expressed in RBCs and carries a new blood group system. Furthermore, we identified three siblings homozygous for a large deletion in SLC44A2, resulting in complete SLC44A2 deficiency. Interestingly, the first‐ever reported SLC44A2‐deficient individuals suffer from progressive hearing impairment, recurrent arterial aneurysms, and epilepsy. Furthermore, SLC44A2null individuals showed no significant platelet aggregation changes and do not suffer from any apparent hematological disorders. Overall, our findings confirm the function of SLC44A2 in hearing preservation and provide new insights into the possible role of this protein in maintaining cerebrovascular homeostasis.