bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advanced Lithium-Ion Battery Failure Analysis—An Evolving Methodology for An Evolving Technology
Authors: Hayes Troy A. , Cohn Adam P. , Kasse Robert M. , Sanchez Hernan
Published: October 2022

Root cause failure analysis of lithium-ion batteries provides important feedback for cell design, manufacture, and use. As batteries are being produced with larger form factors and higher energy densities, failure analysis techniques must be adapted to characteristics of the specific batteries. This paper will discuss the significance of melted copper in lithium-ion battery cells that have experienced thermal runaway and how the interpretation of such evidence has evolved over time. Specialized testing techniques that may prove helpful in determining the root cause of battery failures will also be described.
Absolute Temperature Thermal Mapping Methodology for Tester Applications
Authors: Lai Brian , Leslie Neel , Sabbineni Prasad , Ravikumar Venkat
Published: October 2022

Infrared lock-in thermography systems are frequently utilized for non-destructive failure analysis of integrated circuits due to sensitivity of the thermal detector to small temperature changes from electrical activity. This thermal sensitivity can also be leveraged for design verification and debug of device thermal management via absolute temperature mapping. The application of temperature mapping to a device under test (DUT) that requires boards and sockets, such as in tester based applications, has traditionally been challenging, due to the requirement that the DUT not be moved and the difficulty of heating the DUT through the thermal mass of the boards and sockets to which the DUT is mounted. This paper describes a proposed alternative single-temperature in-situ calibration method to eliminate the need for a heated thermal chuck for absolute temperature mapping. Preliminary results are promising and show that the new alternative single-temperature in-situ method results in temperature measurements within 1 °C close to room temperature and within 2.5 °C at elevated temperatures up to approximately 75 °C, as compared to the 1 °C accuracy of the current standard two-temperature in-situ method. While this alternate method is not as accurate as the standard two-temperature in-situ calibration method, the fact that it can be performed at a single room temperature means that it enables absolute temperature mapping for use cases requiring boards or socketed DUTs, as is the case for tester applications. An example characterization of a DUT utilizing varying clock signal inputs shows the added flexibility and ease of setup that the alternative single-temperature workflow brings, creating new opportunities for use-cases such as boards and testers where the use of a heated thermal chuck is not viable.
SPILL—Security Properties and Machine-Learning Assisted Pre-Silicon Laser Fault Injection Assessment
Authors: Pundir Nitin , Li Henian , Lin Lang , Chang Norman , Farahmandi Farimah , Tehranipoor Mark
Published: October 2022

Laser-based fault injection (LFI) attacks are powerful physical attacks with high precision and controllability. Therefore, attempts have been in the literature to model and simulate the laser effect in pre-silicon digital designs. However, these efforts can only model the laser effect on small SPICE or TCAD circuits of individual standard cells. This paper proposes security properties and a machine-learning assisted layout signoff framework in verifying the full-chip layout's resiliency against LFI. In the framework, we leveraged the commercial SoC power integrity sign-off tool to inject the Gaussian laser current to any spot in the layout, by considering different layout features such as power distribution network, decoupling capacitor placement, metal geometry, instance switching power, etc. To avoid exhaustive analysis of all layout spots regardless of LFI criticality, we use security properties to drive the assessment and identify critical areas. We then use SPICE simulations and machine learning to develop cell-level laser fault models under different laser-induced transient current intensities. This laser cell library is used during full-chip LFI feasibility analysis for the cells inside laser illumination, enabling precise layout -level design fix for critical cells failing the fault injection threshold. Finally, we show the effectiveness of the proposed framework by analyzing the fully implemented AES design layout.
Zero Channel Bias Determination of Device Turn-On and the Seebeck Effect in Nanoprobing
Authors: Johnson Gregory M. , Stegmann Heiko , Rummel Andreas
Published: October 2022

In prior work, it was demonstrated that information about device turn-on can be obtained in a nanoprobing setup which involves no applied bias across the channel. This was performed on nFET logic devices in 7 nm technology and attributed to the Seebeck effect, or heating from the SEM beam. In this work, the experiments are continued to both nFET and pFET devices and on both 22 nm and 5 nm devices. Further discussion about the opportunities and evidence for Seebeck effect in nanoprobing are discussed.
Black Mushroom Formation on Aluminum Bond Pad
Authors: Guo Yong , Smith Brian , Guo Yanan , Hurst Jeff , Penley Chris , Lu Hanfei , Drizlikh Sergei
Published: October 2022

By using fluorocarbon gases for aluminum (Al) pad open plasma etch, the pad inevitably has a thin surface remnant layer of Al-oxyfluoride (AlOF) by-product. This layer is chemically stable and does not directly cause issues in chip testing or wire bonding. This is true until open Al pads were exposed to a humid environment causing pad corrosion over time. The F-assisted corrosion created so-called black mushroom (BM) defects on the Al pads according to the defects appearance, resulting in the non-stick pads for wire bonding. Experimental tests were carried out to induce the Al pad corrosion via placing random fab-out wafers in a cassette pod hosting about 90% RH over a period up to a week. Optical imaging revealed BMs nucleated, primarily at Al grain boundaries. BMs were found all to be composed of O, F, and Al. In the cross section, BMs were shown to have separations of F-rich region next to Al and O-rich region towards the surface. In addition, BMs were composed of small crystallites and were porous. The former indicates an ionic bonding involving in O, F, and Al. The latter indicates the corrosion generated gaseous byproduct. A moisture (H2O) involved cyclic chemical reaction incorporating these analyses has been formulated. Factors to prevent BM formation were discussed.
Applications of PVC and Progressive FIB Milling in Identifying Top-Down Invisible Defect on Advanced Nodes SRAM Devices
Authors: Wudjud Wiwy , Dang Chan , Chin Cheong Kah , Collins Gregory B. , Penley Christopher
Published: October 2022

Passive voltage contrast (PVC) is a well-known fault isolation technique in differentiating contrast at via/metal/contact levels while focused ion beam (FIB) is a destructive technique specifically used for cross sectioning once a defect is identified. In this study, we highlight a combination technique of PVC and progressive FIB milling on advanced node fin field-effect transistor (FinFET) for root cause analysis. This combo technique is useful when applied on high-density static random access memory (SRAM) structure, especially when it is difficult to view the defect from top-down inspection. In this paper, we create a FA flow chart and FIB deposition/milling recipe for SRAM failure and successfully apply them to three case studies.
Logic State PEM Analysis for ATPG SCAN Logic Failure
Authors: Chong Soon Woei , Sun Kan , Lee Wilson C. H. , Radhamony Rahul Babu , Hu Hao , Endrinal Lesly
Published: October 2022

Photon Emission Microscopy (PEM) analysis is one of the most common used FA techniques to identify the root cause of failures within ATPG scan logic due to its ease of setup and less invasive nature. While conducting photon emissions, the device is made to operate in the fail mode by running a production test vector to look for anomalous emissions or hot spots that could narrow down the area of interest (AOI) for subsequent Physical Failure Analysis (PFA). However, if there is no clue from emission analysis in the case of a hard failure with no sensitivity to voltage, frequency, or temperature, FA debug will be challenging. This paper shows how PEM analysis success may be further improved through logic state circuit study using a DFT ATPG diagnostic platform. Logic state truth table and its relative test pattern will be built based on the diagnostic data using in-house scripts, and the test program can then be changed to the required condition of the circuitry. With the altered logic state, new emission data can be collected, which could potentially reveal new clues to the investigation.
Chlorine and Sulfur Effects on Gold-Aluminum Wire Bond Reliability
Authors: Liao Lois , Zhang Xi , Hua Younan , Xiaomin Li
Published: October 2022

Currently, wire bonding is still the dominant interconnection mode in microelectronic packaging, and epoxy molding compound (EMC) is the major encapsulant material. Normally EMC contains chlorine (Cl) and sulfur (S) ions. It is important to understand the control limit of Cl and S in the EMC to ensure good Au wire bond reliability. This paper discussed the influences of Cl and S on the Au wire bond. Different contents of Cl and S were purposely added into the EMC. Accelerated reliability tests were performed to understand the effects of Cl, S and their contents on the Au wire bond reliability. Failure analysis has been conducted to study the failure mechanism. It is found that Cl reacted with IMCs under humid environment. Cl also caused wire bond failure in HTS test without moisture. On the other hand, the results showed that S was not a corrosive ion. It was also not a catalyst to the Au bond corrosion. Whilst, high content of S remain on the bond pad hindered the IMCs formation and caused earlier failure of the wire bond.
LADA and SDL—Powerful Techniques for Marginal Failures (2022 Update)
Authors: Bodoh Dan , Erington Kent
Published: October 2022

This presentation is an application-oriented tutorial on laser-assisted device alteration (LADA) and soft defect localization (SDL) techniques and how they are used to analyze marginal digital failures and identify analog circuits that are sensitive to voltage perturbations. The presentation includes well-illustrated instructions for equipment setup and validation, guidelines for collecting and analyzing images, and examples of how to interpret pass/fail sites and assess the effect of laser interactions on circuit behaviors. It also includes a brief overview of time-resolved LADA and introduces the concept of laser-induced fault isolation (LIFA).
Failure and Thermal Dissipation Analysis with Infrared Thermography
Authors: Larmann Stephan R.
Published: October 2022

This presentation is a pictorial overview on the implementation of lock in thermography, the various types of images that can be obtained, and the interpretation of the results. It also includes a refresher on the use of discrete Fourier transforms (DFT) in signal processing.
Transmission Electron Imaging AND Diffraction in the SEM—What, Why, and How To Do This in Your Microscope
Authors: Holm Jason
Published: October 2022

This presentation covers the theory and practice of scanning transmission electron microscopy in a scanning electron microscope or STEM-in-SEM. It provides a detailed overview of the measurement physics, the equipment required, the importance of collection angle control, and contrast interpretation. It explains how and why different detectors are used and how they are calibrated. It addresses the issue of beam damage and explains how to quantify and deal with it. It also covers advanced concepts, including 4D STEM-in-SEM, nanoscale strain and temperature mapping, and the use of programmable STEM detectors for imaging and diffraction, and provides examples demonstrating the capabilities of the various measurement setups.
Physical Inspection for Hardware Assurance
Authors: Asadizanjani Navid
Published: October 2022

This presentation addresses the issue of counterfeiting in the semiconductor industry. It begins with a review of the global supply chain and the various forms of counterfeiting taking place. It then identifies assets that require tamper protection and the types of attacks to which they are prone. It also presents several approaches for physical inspection and assurance at the IC and system level.
X-Ray and SAM—Challenges for IC Package Inspection
Authors: Moore Tom , Hartfield Cheryl
Published: October 2022

This presentation covers the challenges associated with IC package inspection and shows how two nondestructive techniques, scanning acoustic microscopy and X-ray imaging, are being used to locate and identify a wide range of defects, particularly those in 3D packages and multilayer boards. It reviews the basic principles of scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM), X-ray imaging, and 3D X-ray tomography and the factors that affect image resolution and depth. It demonstrates the current capabilities of each method along with different approaches for improving resolution, contrast, and measurement time.
Vat Polymerization
Authors: Murphy Caroline A. , Alcala-Orozco Cesar R. , Longoni Alessia , Woodfield Tim B. F. , Lim Khoon S.
Published: October 2022

Vat polymerization is a form of three-dimensional (3D) printing. Historically, it is the oldest additive manufacturing technique, with the development of stereolithography apparatus (SLA) by Charles Hull in 1986. This article outlines the various forms of vat polymerization techniques used for biomedical applications. Due to the complex nature of this printing process, many key print parameters and material properties need to be considered to ensure a successful print. These influential parameters are addressed throughout the article to inform the reader of the considerations that should be taken when using the vat polymerization technique. The article provides information on vat polymerization printer setup, the photo-cross-linking mechanism, and considerations using vat polymerization. In addition, it outlines and discusses the advancements of vat polymerization in the biomedical industry.
Production of Dicalcium Phosphate with Controlled Morphology and Reactivity
Authors: Tafu Masamoto , Toshima Takeshi
Published: October 2022

Calcium phosphates react to form more stable salts in aqueous solutions. This phenomenon has been applied to the solidification process for the dental and medical cement calcium phosphate cement, which consists of multiple phases of calcium phosphates and calcium salts; solidification occurs by the formation of hydroxyapatite. Dicalcium phosphate consists of crystal water along with anhydrous and dihydrate salts. This article summarizes research achievements regarding dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) production with controlled morphology and reactivity, including effects of an additive and of production conditions on precipitation. It also summarizes achievements made in the hybridization of nano-apatite onto DCPD particles.
Stereolithographic Additive Manufacturing of Biological Scaffolds
Authors: Kirihara Soshu
Published: October 2022

Stereolithographic (STL) additive manufacturing (AM) can be used to fabricate practical components. This article discusses the processes involved in STL-AM of biological scaffolds, providing information on bioscaffold processing, cavity arrangements, and microlattice distributions. Within the last topic, the sub-topic of scaffold modulation is discussed.
Pneumatic Extrusion of Biomaterials
Authors: Sami Mahsius , Das Prativa , Esfandyarpour Rahim
Published: October 2022

This article focuses on the pneumatic extrusion-based system for biomaterials. It provides an overview of additive manufacturing (AM) processes, followed by sections covering steps and major approaches for the 3D bioprinting process. Then, the article discusses the types, processes, advantages, limitations, and applications of AM technology and extrusion-based approaches. Next, it provides information on the research on extrusion-based printing. Finally, the article provides a comparison of the extrusion-based approach with other approaches.
Anatomical Modeling at the Point of Care
Authors: Sears Victoria , Morris Jonathan
Published: October 2022

Bridging the gap between education and medical practice, centralized hospital-based 3D printing, or what is termed point-of-care (POC) manufacturing, has been rapidly growing in the United States as well as internationally. This article provides insights into the considerations and the current workflow of creating 3D-printed anatomical models at the POC. Case studies are introduced to show the complex range of anatomical models that can be produced while also exploring how patient care benefits. It describes the advanced form of communication in medicine. The advantages as well as pitfalls of using the patient-specific 3D-printed models at the POC are addressed, demonstrating the fundamental knowledge needed to create 3D-printed anatomical models through POC manufacturing.
Additively Manufactured Biomedical Energy Harvesters
Authors: Hasan Saima , Mahmud M.A. Parvez , Kouzani Abbas Z.
Published: October 2022

Additive manufacturing (AM) has been growing as a significant research interest in academic and industry research communities. This article presents flexible and biocompatible energy-harvesting devices using AM technology. First, it discusses material selection for achieving piezoelectricity and triboelectricity. Then, the article highlights the structures of energy harvesters and describes their working mechanisms. Next, it covers the additively manufactured implantable piezoelectric and triboelectric energy harvesters. Further, the article describes the 3D-printed wearable energy harvesters as well as their applications. An overview of additively manufactured self-powered sensors is highlighted. Finally, the article discusses the issues for 3D-printed energy harvesters and their roadmap.
Additively Manufactured Dentures, Crowns, and Bridges
Authors: Geng Zhaohui , Bidanda Bopaya
Published: October 2022

Additive manufacturing (AM), also referred to as three-dimensional printing or rapid prototyping, is a set of technologies that has rapidly evolved and has drawn much research attention in the manufacturing of high value-added products. This article focuses on dentistry, one of the fields in which AM has gained much traction. It discusses the AM processes used to produce dentures, crowns, and bridges. Digitization techniques, which are the first step and provide the CAD model for AM processes, are presented. Scanning technologies that are widely used in dental manufacturing are presented in detail, and the strengths and weaknesses of each process within their applications are discussed. AM processes are discussed in detail, and the materials that are widely used in AM-embedded dental manufacturing are briefly surveyed. The final section concludes with remarks and a preview of future research and practice directions.
Developments and Trends in Additively Manufactured Medical Devices
Authors: Foroughi Shervin , Derayatifar Mahdi , Habibi Mohsen , Packirisamy Muthukumaran
Published: October 2022

Additive manufacturing (AM), or three-dimensional (3D) printing, is a class of manufacturing processes that create the desired geometries of an object, or an assembly of objects, layer by layer or volumetrically. AM has been used extensively for manufacturing medical devices, due to its versatility to satisfy the specific needs of an intended medical field for the product/device. This article provides a comprehensive review of AM in medical devices by the medical specialty panels of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Code of Federal Regulations, Parts 862 to 892, including anesthesiology, ear and nose, general hospital, ophthalmic, plastic surgery, radiology, cardiovascular, orthopedic, dental, neurology, gynecology, obstetrics, physical medicine, urology, toxicology, and pathology. It is classified under these panels, and critical reviews and future outlooks are provided. The application of AM to fabricate medical devices in each panel is reviewed; lastly, a comparison is provided to reveal relevant gaps in each medical field.
Personalized Surgical Instruments
Authors: Espinoza Orías Alejandro A.
Published: October 2022

Additive manufacturing (AM), or three-dimensional printing, has ushered in an era of mass customization in the many different industries in which it is used. The use of the personalized surgical instrument (PSI) is no exception. Initially, PSIs were not a result of the use of AM; rather, what occurred is an improvement in their methods of manufacturing. This article discusses the fundamentals, benefits, manufacturing, and other application examples beyond orthopedics of PSIs. In addition, an outlook of AM in biomedical applications is also covered.
Task Formats in Assessing Listening Comprehension: A Comparative Study on Teaching Turkish as a Foreign Language Textbooks and Preferences of Instructors
Authors: YOLCUSOY Özlem
Published: October 2022

The aim of the study is to examine the frequency and distribution of the task formats in the evaluation of listening comprehension skills in the Turkish language teaching textbooks for foreigners. This study also aims to compare these findings with the practices preferred in the exams by the instructors teaching Turkish as a foreign language. In the study, sequential exploratory design was applied by using document analysis and descriptive method. Three widely used textbooks and 36 instructors as the participants have formed the scope of the study. The findings indicate that the most frequently preferred task formats in the books are gap-filling and dichotomous item. As a result of the z-test, a significant difference between the textbooks in terms of the ratios of short-answer question, multiple-choice item, matching, and dichotomous item task formats has been found. Dichotomous item, gap-filling, sentence completion, short answer questions, information transfer, multiple choice and matching have been the most preferred task formats by the instructors in the exams. As a result of Kruskal Wallis test, no significant difference was found between the participants in terms of preferring the evaluation task formats according to the variables of graduation degree, last graduated department, and professional experience.
COGNITIVE MARKERS OF SHORT FICTION BY VASYL STEFANYK: THE ARTISTIC NARRATIVE OF A «SIMPLE TEXT»
Authors: Matsevko-Bekerska Lidiia
Published: October 2022

The aim. Through the context of formation of the principles of cognitive narratology, the article makes an attempt at a (new) (re)reading of separate works by Vasyl Stefanyk as a leading representative of the literary canon, of the literary classic, being the center of the latest paradigmatics of humanitarian sense creation. Such an angle of view on the writer’s novella heritage is completely actualized, as it is based on the tasks of cognitive narratology.

The research methods. The article employs a narratological, psychoanalytical and biographical methods of studying Vasyl Stefanyk’s creative work, the grounds of reader-response criticism, dominant markers of the writer’s novella poetics, particularly those directly connected with with storytelling forms of the account of the created fictional material by him.

The research results. The analysis of separate poetical devices, frequently used by Vasyl Stefanyk in his novellas, gave an opportunity to reveal in them the regularities of unfolding a cognitive chain where threading questions with a subseqent outline of the horizon of answers is in agreement with the author’s search for universal narratives in his novellas. It is proved that Vasyl Stefanyk’s fictional world can be understood, in addition to other approaches, in the prism of combined narrative and cognitive strategies of presentation and reception.

The scientific novelty lies in the fact that in the proposed research Vasyl Stefanyk’s literary-fictional heritage is examined through the prism of cognitive narratology in such a systematic and complex way, as a matter of fact, for the first time, that it has become one of rather effective ways of rereading the Ukrainian literary classic. Simultaneously, the article shapes new questions and attempts (also for the first time) at finding new, different, sometimes inconspicuous answers in the writer’s novella poetics that are extremely important and essential for cognizing the human psyche of Vasyl Stefanyk’s prose heroes, finally, for understanding intellectual-emotional vicissitudes that inevitably accompany the reading of his works.

The practical significance. The obtained research results may be used for delivering courses of Ukrainian literature at educational establishments, for studying the creative works by Vasyl Stefanyk, whose fictional world is shown in the prism of amalgamation of narrative and cognitive strategies of presentation and reception, for researching modern ways of prosewriting in Ukrainian classic literature.
VASYL STEFANYK'S PUBLICIST WORKS: THE PORTRAIT DETAILS
Authors: Khorob Solomia
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the article is to study peculiarities of the publicist speeches (both oral and printed) of Vasyl Stefanyk as this could contribute to his general creative portrait. Research methods include historical, cultural, and biographical ones. The results of the research represent a thorough analysis of certain inquiries, written and oral speeches of Vasyl Stefanyk perceived as important manifestations of his journalistic and socio-political activities, as natural factors of the life and creative work the outstanding writer. The research article proves that they were national-patriotic essence and ideological conviction that dominated a number of his publicist speeches, in particular, during the period of the writer's deputy service in the Vienna Parliament (1908-1918) and prior to 1908 as well. It also emphasizes that the motives of such inquiries, written and oral speeches come from historical and political, national and social, spiritual and patriotic, as well as common human factors, as their content along with ideological and aesthetic essence were an integral part of the life and work of Vasyl Stefanyk. Scientific novelty: the article focuses on the disclosure of the problem of "journalism of Vasyl Stefanyk" from the standpoint of new methodological approaches, it is studied and clarified according to an updated database of socio-historical and scientific-biographical data on the lives of the Western Ukrainian people on the given period, in particular of Vasyl Stefanyk. The practical significance of the article is that its results can be used in the study of the writer's work, in particular his journalistic activity.
VASYL STEFANYK’S WRITINGS IN A FOREIGN INTERPRETATION
Authors: Khorob Stepan
Published: October 2022

The aim of this study is to reveal the peculiarities of functioning of translations of Vasyl Stefanyk’s novellas in other languages: both in the Slavic and in the Romance-Germanic world, elucidate a translatological toolkit in old and contemporary interpretations. The research methods lie in employing a philological method and linguistic principles, as well as the principles of reader-response criticism through the prism of comparative approaches and comparative-historical principles of analysing the foreign language material, created by translators on the basis of Vasyl Stefanyk’s novellas. The results of researching into the posed problem led to the discovery of quite different methodological strategies of the foreign interpretation of different periods of translations of Vasyl Stefanyk’s works, the delineation of the whole complex of issues connected with a fictional being of Vasyl Stefanyk’s translated novellas, for example, in Polish, Bulgarian, Czech, Russian or English, German, French, Spanish languages. It is proved that foreign translators, first of all, used Stefanyk’s word as a fictional unit and succeeded the cases where the translation of Stefanyk’s text was done not literally, but, first and foremost, adequately for the writer’s ideological-aesthetical conceivement. Having implemented Russian and English translations of Vasyl Stefanyk’s novellas for analyzing the posed problem, there are made the conclusions as to creative successes and failures of numerous translators of Vasyl Stefanyk’s novellas into these languages. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the fact that it actualizes an important problem of being of the Ukrainian author’s prose in other languages in different cultural-historical environments, in the lingual space of these or those literatures.
LITERARY LESSON OF VASYL STEFANYK IN YURII STANYNETS` CREATIVE WORKS STANYNTS
Authors: Barchan Valentyna
Published: October 2022

The aim. The suggested literary critic research traces the influence of Vasyl Stefanyk’s creative experience upon shaping worldview, aesthetical grounds of Yurii Stanynets (1906-1994), a prose writer from Zakarpattia. On the rich literary-fictional material, the task is set to analyse the writer’s works that came out in different periods of his creative life and to reveal the “lessons of the master of psychological prose” in the planes of Yurii Stanynets’s genres and styles, as well as problems and themes. The research methods are outlined through using comparative-typological, cultural-historical and biographical methods, as a result of which the extent of Vasyl Stefanyk’s impact on Yurii Stanynets’s prose works in the periods of 20s ‒ 40s and 50s ‒ 80s of the XXth century is elucidated. The research results witness that shaping the prose mastery of the word artist from Zakarpattia was under the direct influence of the best literary models of the Ukrainian national prose writing. The writer himselfhighlights the role and significance of Vasyl Stefanyk’s novellas in that, witnessed by his “Autobiography”. Hence, the article singles out those aspects of Yurii Stanynets’s fictional practice that are brightly marked with the imprint of the creative work of the Ukrainian literature classic. In particular, the correlation of worldview and aesthetical grounds of the word artist from Zakarpattia from Vasyl Stefanyk’s worldview-aesthetical guidesis elucidated,. Simultaneously, typologically comparable parallels define the impact of the latter on Yurii Stanynets’s long and short prose, the peculiarities of his fictional thinking, that is revealed in in his external and internal structures of stories, novellas and narratives, in the peculiarity of the style manner of the prose writer from Zakarpattia. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that for the first time in contemporary Ukrainian literaryscience the comparative-typological study of creative works by Vasyl Stefanyk and Yurii Stanynetsis conducted in the field ofaspectual levels of their fictional heritage, Vasyl Stefanyk’s notable influence upon the creative work of the prose writer from Zakarpattia is proved.
Fiber-optical technologies for information (internet, intranet etc.) and energy networks
Authors: Yaroslavskyy Ya. , Pavlov S. , Kostyuk S. , Tymchyk S.
Published: October 2022

The article draws a conclusion using the biblio-semantic approach regarding theperspective of creating optoelectronic networks for the exchange of telemedical data, formulateda range of unsolved problems and identified the main directions of their development. Thedevelopment based on the model of the telemedical data transmission information channel of thefiber-optic communication channel for the exchange of telemedical information with theadditional introduction to its structure of optical amplifiers with automatic gain control(AMP) and the unit of automatic control and diagnostics of the optical cable provided remotecontrol with state determination cable fibers; automatic diagnosis of the condition of the cablewith an accurate determination of the location and nature of the damage, linking of reflectors tothe geographical map of the area and analysis of changes in the parameters of the VOKZ overtime, which ultimately increased the reliability and improved the quality of the transmission ofbiomedical information. automatic . The development of a fiber-optic telemedicine network forthe exchange of operational results of telemedical diagnostics and health monitoring of patientsin remote areas of the Vinnytsia region through fiber-optic communication channels will in thefuture ensure its adaptation to the DICOM standard, information support for decision-making,and a flexible work management system network in compliance with the requirements for theprotection of personal data of patients.
Classification of Facet Systems of Technical Vision
Authors: Borovytsky V. , Antonenko V.
Published: October 2022

The article proposes a classification of facet systems of technical vision. According to this classification, all systems are divided into groups depending on the type of optical system, which can be represented as a combination of microlenses, optical fibers and an objective, and the type of photoreceptors - matrix, linear or single-element photoreceptor. The construction of facet systems was considered, an analysis of their advantages and disadvantages was performed, recommendations were formulated regarding the choice of a facet system of technical vision.
A System for Monitoring Air Pollution by Motor Vehicles Based on an Autonomous Air-Mobile Measuring Complex
Authors: Dyvak M. , Manzhula V. , Melnyk A. , Tymchyshyn V.
Published: October 2022

The article proposes an approach to constructing a system of complex and uninterrupted monitoring of harmful emissions of motor vehicles into the air. The architecture of the environmental monitoring system for measuring and forecasting the distribution of pollutant concentrations in motor vehicle exhaust gases, among which mainly CO, SO₂, NO₂, and СО₂, is presented. The mobile information and measurement complex Sniffer4D Hyper-local Air Quality Analyzer and a charging station based on solar batteries are used as the hardware. For modeling and forecasting the distribution of concentrations of harmful emissions, mathematical models of the dynamics of the distribution of concentrations of pollutants due to harmful emissions in the exhaust gases of motor vehicles are proposed in the form of differential equations that are analogs of differential equations in partial derivatives, as models of turbulent diffusion and interval models of the distribution of the background level of pollution concentration in the form of nonlinear algebraic equations. Implemented software for data collection, processing (model learning and prediction), and visualization.
What Happens to Indigenous Law in the Museum?
Authors: Leischner Emily Jean
Published: October 2022

In this article, I argue that recontextualizing Indigenous cultural heritage through institutional acquisition and cataloging can also be understood as a jurisdictional strategy that upholds the supremacy of US and Canadian legal regimes over Indigenous laws. To do this, I share what I have learned from participating in a Nation-led, community-based research project with the Nuxalk First Nation Ancestral Governance Office, in what is currently British Columbia, Canada. Our work together focused on reinvigorating the Nation’s laws, teachings, and protocols through the evolution of their own database of Nuxalk objects, still held in museum collections worldwide. I discuss this project and how it illustrates the legal context inherent to understanding much Nuxalk material culture. Next, bringing together literature on organizing knowledge in museums, settler colonial theories of dispossession, and archival copyright law, I look at how accessioning Indigenous objects into settler collections in the US and Canada is enacting another legal process, “written on top of” the legal meanings objects hold for the Nuxalk Nation, and reframing them as objects the museum has legitimate control and possession over. I close by reflecting on the strategies Nuxalk people, and other Indigenous artists and scholars, are undertaking to challenge the normative power of museum authority through interventions that are grounded in Indigenous governance and sovereignty.
Citizen Curators
Authors: Goskar Tehmina
Published: October 2022

This article presents findings and reflections of the Citizen Curators program, designed and led by the author on behalf of Cornwall Museums Partnership and seven participating museums. Dubbed an experiment in cultural democracy, as well as providing a novel alternative pathway into museum work, Citizen Curators took place between 2017 and 2021 with four cohorts resulting in more than 80 successful completers, one-fifth of whom went on to jobs in the sector. The program was designed as an action research project in curatorial education in an era of equity, socially engaged practice, and ethical awareness. The article presents qualitative and quantitative findings on the program’s design, impact, and what was learned about the realities of cocuration, diversity, and inclusion over the four-year program.
Book Reviews
Authors: Williams Isabelle , Esson Florence , Cai Yunci , Davidson Lee , Gorbachev Valentin , Jones Nathan , Kernohan Kirsty , Weber Heidi , Zhao Xiaomei , Li Xuelei
Published: October 2022

Women Mean Business: Colonial businesswomen in New Zealand, Catherine Bishop. Dunedin: Otago University Press, 2019.

Imagining Decolonisation, Rebecca Kiddle with Bianca Elkington, Moana Jackson, Ocean Ripeka Mercier, Mike Ross, Jennie Smeaton, and Amanda Thomas, eds. Wellington: Bridget Williams Books, 2020.

Cosmopolitan Ambassadors: International Exhibitions, Cultural Diplomacy and the Polycentral Museum, Lee Davidson and Leticia Pérez Castellanos. Wilmington, DE: Vernon Press, 2019.

Museums, International Exhibitions and China’s Cultural Diplomacy, Linda Da Kong. London: Routledge, 2021.

Curating (Post-)Socialist Environments, Philipp Schorch and Daniel Habit. Bielefeld: Transcript Verlag, 2021.

A Cultural Arsenal for Democracy: The World War II Work of US Museums, Clarissa J. Ceglio. Boston: University of Massachusetts Press, 2022.

Mobile Museums: Collections in Circulation, Felix Driver, Mark Nesbitt, and Caroline Cornish, eds. London: UCL Press, 2021.

Écrire la muséologie: Méthodes de recherche, rédaction, communication [Writing museology, Research methods, writing, communication], François Mairesse and Fabien Van Geert. Paris: Presses Sorbonne Nouvelle Ed, 2021.

Cultural Renewal in Cambodia: Academic Activism in the Neoliberal Era, Philippe Peycam. Leiden: Brill, 2020.

Animal Classification in Central China: From the late Neolithic to the early Bronze Age, Ningning Dong. Oxford: BAR Publishing, 2021.
Comparison of the anxiety levels of teacher candidates during actual and 360° video virtual reality presentations
Authors: ATAL Deniz , KIZILIŞIKOĞLU Gökhan
Published: October 2022

This study considers if the 360° video Virtual Reality (VR) environment is a less stressful alternative to giving actual presentations, and thus better able to support the development of the presentation skills of teacher candidates. Mixed method research was conducted in which 12 teacher candidates gave an average of 5 minutes of presentations on different days, both in a virtual and in a face-to-face school environment, before a group of listeners whom they hadn’t seen before. The candidates’ pulses were compared during presentations conducted in both environments, and the audio recordings were analysed with the PRAAT program. Further evaluation was conducted at the end of the process using an opinion form and interviews. No significant differences were found between the two groups, except in 2 of the 9 different voice analysis variables related to anxiety and the pulse of the candidates. The candidates generally felt that the 360° video VR experience was quite realistic, and that it could be an effective method of addressing concerns about giving presentations. It was therefore concluded that 360° video VR environments could be effectively used in teacher education as an alternative to the actual presentation experience.
12th International Conference on Educational Studies and Applied Linguistics
Authors: Ahmed Mohammed , Mahmood Rizgar
Published: October 2022

To be able to use the target language sentence structure efficiently, a speaker needs to learn and have a very large number of words (Nation, 2013). Research shows that understanding the meaning of a word is not sufficient, rather, it involves more than just its meaning; such as spelling, and grammatical behavior (Pigada & Schmitt, 2006). Vocabulary acquisition requires effective methods. One of the methods of learning vocabulary is learning the process of word formation in the target language. This research aims at investigating and exploring one of the productive word-formation processes in the English language which is conversion or zero-derivation in which the grammatical category of a word is changed without adding any affixes. For instance, every day, I walk(V) to the park near my house, or, every day, I take a walk(N) with my dog. The results will have several pedagogical implications for researchers, teachers, and learners. Based on the presented data in the current study, it can be concluded that zero-morph can be considered one of the productive word-formation processes, and pedagogical implications are discussed in the discussion section.
12th International Conference on Educational Studies and Applied Linguistics
Authors: Dabbagh Lanja , Ali Wrya
Published: October 2022

Interpreting as a profession has become the center of interest and focus for many linguists, translation scholars, translators, and professionals. Interpreting has played a vital role in bridging the gap and maintaining relationships among people of different languages. The output of interpreting, unlike written translation is entirely oral leaving behind no written proof. Interpreting is an activity or a process which consists of the facility of oral and sign language communicated either consecutively or simultaneously between two or more speakers who are not speaking the same language. Interpretation is the act of transposing a message from one language to another immediately in real time. The study sheds light mostly upon non- linguistic factors in the process of interpreting which can be of no less important than the linguistic ones. The aim of the study is to provide an overview of interpreting in general with a detailed description of the non- linguistic strategies or skills from the perspective of interpreting process. Bearing these in tactics in mind, the interpreter tackles the interpreting problems and difficulties in a more skillful way.
BORSA İSTANBUL’DA İŞLEM GÖREN KAĞIT VE KAĞIT ÜRÜNLERİ SANAYİ SEKTÖRÜ FİRMALARININ MARKA DEĞERLERİNİN HİROSE YÖNTEMİ İLE BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: AKYÜZ Kadri Cemil , ERSEN Nadir , AKYÜZ İlker
Published: October 2022

Rekabet ortamında ayakta kalmak ve sahip olunan pazar payını koruyabilmek üretim yapan birimlerin çözüm aradıkları konuların başında gelmektedir. Firmaların nakit döngülerinin istenilen boyutta olması, ürün satışlarının öngörülen seviyelerde gerçekleşmesi ve müşteri sadakatinin yüksekliği marka ve marka değeri ile ilişkilidir. Tüketiciler açısından ürünlerin güvenilirliği ve sağladığı ayrıcalık olarak değerlendirilen marka kavramı firmalar açısından ise süreklilik ve sürdürülebilirlik olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Marka değerinin parasal olarak belirlenmesi gerçekleştirilen üretim faaliyetlerinin verimliliğini ve başarısını göstermesi açısından önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, Borsa İstanbul’da kağıt ve kağıt ürünleri sanayi alanında işlem gören firmaların marka değerlerinin Hirose yöntemi ile belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma sonunda firmaların yayınlanmış finansal tablo verileri kullanılarak 2017-2021 yılı kapsamında hesaplanan marka değerleri yorumlanmış ve sektörde marka değeri bakımından ön sırada olan firmalar belirlenmiştir.
DEFINITION OF SYSTEM-WIDE DETERMINANTS OF THE DYNAMIC DEVELOPMENT OF CONSTRUCTION ENTERPRISES IN THE CONCEPTS OF COMPLIANCE AND RISK MANAGEMENT
Authors: Petrenko Hanna , Hrynenko Igor , Nikolaiev Georgiy , Petrukha Nina , Ryzhakova Hanna , Rogach Kаterina
Published: October 2022

The article adapted and transformed an innovative scientific and analytical means of risk-controlling operational systems of construction contractors and multi-agent environments of construction projects based on the concept and methodological platform of compliance management, which allows early identification of BP risks and stakeholder activities and, taking them into account, to form a rational a version of the budget-resource and calendar program for the implementation of projects, subject to a compromise agreement of the economic interests of stakeholders and a rational distribution between them (compliance) of responsibility for the content, regulations, budget and consequences of anti-risk actions. A hierarchical model of quantitative risk assessment of anti-crisis management of a construction enterprise was built, which, with the help of the apparatus of fuzzy mathematics, makes it possible to assess risk factors and risks at each level of the hierarchy. The proposed model provides an opportunity to identify threats (risks of a catastrophic level), as well as the most significant risk factors based on the sensitivity analysis method, which is important for making managerial decisions in conditions of uncertainty. The conceptual principles of the management activity of the enterprise, taking into account its financial and economic condition, have gained further development, which differ from the current ones in that, in the absence of signs of a crisis, they provide for the functioning of the economic security system with its performance of risk management and anti-crisis management functions, and in crisis conditions - the introduction of anti-crisis management with the delegation of certain tasks and functions to the economic security service and the risk management unit in order to prevent the deterioration of the financial and economic situation and ensure the conditions for the effective implementation of anti-crisis measures.