bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Tell-Tale Hat: Surfacing the Uncertainty in Folklore Classification
Authors: Broadwell Peter , Mimno David , Tangherlini Timothy
Published: August 2018

Classification is a vexing problem in folkloristics. Although broad genre classifications such as "ballad", "folktale", "legend", "proverb", and "riddle" are well established and widely accepted, these formal classifications are coarse and do little more than provide a first level sort on materials for collections that can easily include tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of records. Many large collections of folklore have been classified using systems designed for very specific tasks, usually related to early theories about the spread of folk narrative. Beyond the straightforward parsing of folk expressions into easily recognized formal genres (e.g. ballad, riddle, joke, legend, fairytale, etc.), the overarching emphasis of these schemas is on topic indexing. Perhaps best known of these indices is the ATU index of fairy tales, designed to assist scholars who are interested in the comparison of fairy tales from one or more cultures. Another well-known index, the motif index of folk literature compiled by Stith Thompson (1955-58), is designed to assist scholars in discovering the relationships between complete narratives and their component parts, as well as the movement of motifs across time and space, where the motif is conceptualized as "the smallest element in a tale having a power to persist in tradition." Other genre specific classification schemes include the Migratory Legend [ML] catalog and Danmarks gamle Folkeviser [DgF]. More collection specific indices include the Child Ballads and, of particular interest to this study, the typological indices to the Danish folklore collector Evald Tang Kristensen's legend collections.
Pengaruh Komunikasi Yang Efektif Dan Motivasi Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Pada Dinas Perhubungan Kabupaten Karo
Authors: Sembiring Menanti
Published: August 2018

This research is aim to review the influence of effective communication and motivation towards employee performance at Transportation Department Karo District. The sum of population of this research is about 46 people and all of them is created as sample or total sample. To test the hypothesis which is submitted can be done by partial testing, simultaneous testing and coefficient of determination.The result of this research shows that in partial way, the variable of effective communication and motivation is significantly influence the perfomance employee at Transportation Department Karo district, where tcalculated value in variable of communication is 2,253 and tcalculated value in variable of movation is 4,359, wherever the value of t table is 1,679. By simulataneous testing way, Fcalculated is obtained with 19,582 and the value of Ftable is 3,204. It can be concluded that by simultaneous testing way, variable of effective communication and motivation is significantly influence the employee performance too at Transportation Department Karo district. The result of multiple linier regression  is obtained by the equation y = 8,638 + 0,246x1 + 0,521x2 + e.The value of coefficient of determination stated that 0,477 or 47,70 % of employee performance in Transportation Department Karo district is influenced by effective communication and motivation and the rest 52,30 % is influenced by another factor which is not conducted on this research.

 
Peranan Partisipasi Masyarakat terhadap Pembangunan Desa Studi Pada Pembangunan Irigasi di Desa Namo Bintang Kecamatan Pancur Batu
Authors: Ompusunggu Vina Maria
Published: August 2018

This research has aims to describe and analyze society development participation in Namo Bintang Village, Pancur Batu District and to know how development in Namo Bintang Village to empower communities. This research belongs to qualitative research aiming to describe in detail and deeply about society participation in rural development. The instruments for collecting data are observation sheet and interview as the qualitative data and using the document. The village of Namo Bintang has an area of 495.2 hectares, The area of Namo Bintang is in the form of swamps and fields and abandoned cultivation. The livelihoods of the villagers of Namo Bintang are diverse. From the data of Namo Bintang Village, the majority of Namo Bintang's population work as farmers. The results showed that planning development process has not implemented well in Namo Bintang Village, Society participation in development planning in Namo Bintang Village was still low, the communities aren`t involved to conduct the priority of the activities which is able to their need. Therefore, it needs an accomplishment in participative development. The government should consider the suitability of the budgetary budget with Rural needs. The budgetary budget for the implementation of rural development should be given as a whole without having to be gradual so that the Implementing Team and the workers do not stop before the activity is completed, other than that need optimal socialization in the provision of information to the community in Namo Bintang Village so that they are more involved in the process, more so that the development planning can become the needs of the community.

 

Keywords: Society Participation, Rural Development
PENERAPAN AUTOREGRESSIVE INTEGRATED MOVING AVERAGE (ARIMA) PADA PERAMALAN PRODUKSI KEDELAI DI SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Br Bangun Rita Herawaty
Published: August 2018

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meramalkan produksi kedelai di Sumatera Utara tahun 2016-2019.  Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Metode Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA). Data deret waktu (time series) yang digunakan pada kajian ini adalah data produksi kedelai Provinsi Sumatera Utara tahun 2005-2015. Penggunaan model ARIMA dalam peramalan produksi kedelai Sumatera Utara menggunakan tiga tahapan analisis yaitu, pertama adalah identifikasi struktur model; kedua, estimasi dan kalibrasi model, dan terakhir adalah pengujian dan validasi model. Perangkat lunak yang digunakan sebagai alat bantu analisis model ARIMA ini adalah Minitab 18. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa model yang terbaik digunakan untuk peramalan produksi kedelai adalah model (0,1,1). Penerapan model arima pada produksi kedelai Sumatera Utara untuk 4 tahun berikutnya mengalami penurunan. 
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT. PUTRA FAJAR JAYA, MEDAN
Authors: Lubis Syaifuddin
Published: August 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kompetensi dan motivasi terhadap kinerja karyawan pada PT. Putra Fajar Jaya, Medan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada PT. Putra Fajar Jaya yang berlamat di  Kompleks Villa Asoka Blok C No. 6, Medan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Maret 2017. Sampel yang diambil dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan PT. Putra Fajar Jaya, Medan sebanyak 30 orang. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner pada setiap variabel penelitian yaitu kompetensi, motivasi dan kinerja karyawan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi dan motivasi kerja secara simultan mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Hasil pengujian secara parsial menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi dan motivasi kerja memiliki pengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Faktor motivasi mempunyai pengaruh yang lebih dominan terhadap kinerja karyawan dibandingkan dengan kompetensi.

 Kata kunci : kompetensi; motivasi; kinerja 
A Fiery and Unabated Supporter of Post-War Isolationism: Journalist John T. Flynn and American Foreign Policy, 1945–60
Authors: Lemelin Bernard
Published: August 2018

Although primarily interested in domestic issues throughout his life, New York journalist and radio commentator John T. Flynn (1882–1964), author of more than fifteen books on current affairs, appeared as a fiery disparager of the internationalist and interventionist foreign policy of the Truman and Eisenhower administrations. For instance, in his vitriolic writings and radio broadcasts, he frequently criticized containment measures such as the Marshall Plan, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, the military intervention in Korea, and the Eisenhower Doctrine. Above all, in an age that coincided with the heyday of American internationalism, the colourful commentator fulminated against the membership of his country in the United Nations. Flynn’s isolationist stance, not so surprising considering his credentials, was not trivial. In fact, it is plausible to believe that, during the early Cold War period, the controversial journalist, who was praised in conservative circles, contributed to the advent of a wave of increasing public resentment regarding unrestrained internationalism in US foreign policy by his unrelenting and largely broadcasted rhetoric.
Faith, Protest, and Progress
Authors: Austin Elsie
Published: August 2018

Ninth Hasan M. Balyuzi Memorial Lecture
Spirituality or faith requires individuals to embody the principles and values that promote the positive development of human beings and human society. Confronted with aspects of human society that are inconsistent with those principles, individuals may be faced with the necessity of protest. Protest does not have to mean violence, but rather the courage to reject the false and unjust. Such protest based on faith can have a transforming effecton both the individual and society. In this essay, examples from the experience of African Americans are used to demonstrate the transforming effect on society of individual corageous acts.
Indo-US Strategic Partnership and its Security Implications for Asia Pacific Region
Authors: Sardar Niaz Ali , Manzoor Khan Afraid , Manzoor Ahmad Naazer
Published: August 2018

Due to unprecedented rise of China in the economic, political and social domains world is shifting its strategic focus from the European Politics to both continental and maritime domains of Asia resulting in a challenge for the US and its allies. US, China and India are tied into strategic ingredients of cooperation, competition and containment. US intends to assign India an appropriate, competitive and probable offshore balancing role against China - that is, a strategy of balancing without containment. Engaging into an active conflict is not envisaged due to close integration of these powers in terms of economic, political, social and cultural domains. Indo US close strategic coordination is win-win situation for both the countries. India may become an offshore balancing power for US to retain its influence in Asia Pacific region against China and its allies; On the other hand it brings treasure of opportunities for India to strengthen its military arsenal with open doors of US sophisticated technology with the co-production and co-development framework. This generous access to the state of the art military hardware would enhance India's power projection capabilities to the maximum, posing security implications for neighbors' and adversaries to India. Moreover growing Indo US nexus aiming balancing and containment of China has serious regional strategic security implications.
Importance of Social Mobilization Intervention of Crop Maximization Project in Socio-Economic Development of Small Farmers of District Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Muhammad Kaleem , Bahader Sher Khattak , Syed Rashid Ali
Published: August 2018

This research study is carried out to know about the importance of social mobilization intervention of Crop Maximization Project on the socio-economic development of small farmers of district Charsadda. The objective of this research study was to know about the role of the social mobilization of the project in uplifting the social and economic conditions of small farmers of the targeted area. The present research study was carried out in union councils Rajjar-II and Sarki Tetara of Tehsil and district Charsadda. Pre-tested interview schedule was used for data collection from 150 respondents, who were purposively selected through random sampling method. The analyzed data indicated that 100% of the respondents were fully satisfied the role played by social mobilization in their motivation, awareness, empowerment, capacity building and organization. Majority (93.3%) of the respondents utilized these skills empowerment for their social and economic development while only 6.7% of them got no benefits. The research findings indicates that effective social mobilization can pave the way for other practical developmental initiatives by motivating, organizing and building the capacity of the targeted population. In future rural development projects there should be effective social mobilization sector, which can bring the maximum number of the targeted population in main stream to get the maximum benefits from the development projects
Improved accuracy using a modified registration method of ROSA in deep brain stimulation surgery
Authors: Xu Feng , Jin Hai , Yang Xingwang , Sun Xiao , Wang Yu , Xu Mengting , Tao Yingqun
Published: August 2018

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to determine whether a modified registration method could reduce registration error and postoperative electrode vector error and to analyze the method’s clinical significance in deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery.

METHODS

The first part of the study involved a skull model, in which three registration methods were tested using the ROSA (robotic stereotactic assistance) system. In the second part, four registration methods were clinically tested in patients undergoing DBS surgery using the ROSA system. Thirty-three patients (65 sides, group I) underwent the conventional registration method 2E, and registration errors were recorded. Thirty-eight patients (75 sides, group II) underwent four types of modified registration methods including 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D. Registration and electrode vector errors, intraoperative electrophysiological signal length (IESL), and DBS power-on voltage were recorded. The primary measure of efficacy was the change in the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and UPDRS Part III scores from baseline to 10 weeks after surgery.

RESULTS

In the skull model, the registration error (mean ± SD) was 0.56 ± 0.11 mm for method 1A, 0.35 ± 0.11 mm for method 1B (vs. 1A, p < 0.001), and 0.90 ± 0.15 mm for method 1C (vs. 1A, p < 0.001). In the clinical study, method 2C was selected for DBS surgery in group II since it had the smallest registration error among the four methods tested. The registration error was 0.62 ± 0.22 mm (mean ± SD) for group I and 0.27 ± 0.07 mm for group II (p < 0.001). Postoperative electrode vector error was 0.97 ± 0.31 mm for group I and 0.65 ± 0.23 mm for group II (p < 0.001). There was a positive correlation between registration error and electrode vector error in both groups (group I: r = 0.69, p < 0.001; group II: r = 0.71, p < 0.001). The mean IESL was 5.0 ± 0.9 mm in group I and 5.8 ± 0.7 mm in group II (p < 0.001). The mean DBS power-on voltage was 1.63 ± 0.44 V in group I and 1.48 ± 0.38 V in group II (p = 0.027). In the UPDRS score, group I showed 50% ± 16% improvement and group II showed 52% ± 18% improvement (p = 0.724); there was no statistically significant difference in improvement on the UPDRS.

CONCLUSIONS

In DBS surgery assisted by the ROSA system, registration error and electrode vector error showed a positive correlation. The modified registration method could reduce the registration error and electrode vector error, but the long-term effects need to be further observed and evaluated.
Differences in functional connectivity profiles as a predictor of response to anterior thalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation for epilepsy: a hypothesis for the mechanism of action and a potential biomarker for outcomes
Authors: Middlebrooks Erik H. , Grewal Sanjeet S. , Stead Matthew , Lundstrom Brian N. , Worrell Gregory A. , Van Gompel Jamie J.
Published: August 2018

OBJECTIVE

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus (ANT) is a promising therapy for refractory epilepsy. Unfortunately, the variability in outcomes from ANT DBS is not fully understood. In this pilot study, the authors assess potential differences in functional connectivity related to the volume of tissue activated (VTA) in ANT DBS responders and nonresponders as a means for better understanding the mechanism of action and potentially improving DBS targeting.

METHODS

This retrospective analysis consisted of 6 patients who underwent ANT DBS for refractory epilepsy. Patients were classified as responders (n = 3) if their seizure frequency decreased by at least 50%. The DBS electrodes were localized postoperatively and VTAs were computationally generated based on DBS programming settings. VTAs were used as seed points for resting-state functional MRI connectivity analysis performed using a control dataset. Differences in cortical connectivity to the VTA were assessed between the responder and nonresponder groups.

RESULTS

The ANT DBS responders showed greater positive connectivity with the default mode network compared to nonresponders, including the posterior cingulate cortex, medial prefrontal cortex, inferior parietal lobule, and precuneus. Interestingly, there was also a consistent anticorrelation with the hippocampus seen in responders that was not present in nonresponders.

CONCLUSIONS

Based on their pilot study, the authors observed that successful ANT DBS in patients with epilepsy produces increased connectivity in the default mode network, which the authors hypothesize increases the threshold for seizure propagation. Additionally, an inhibitory effect on the hippocampus mediated through increased hippocampal γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) concentration may contribute to seizure suppression. Future studies are planned to confirm these findings.
The nucleus accumbens and alcoholism: a target for deep brain stimulation
Authors: Ho Allen L. , Salib Anne-Mary N. , Pendharkar Arjun V. , Sussman Eric S. , Giardino William J. , Halpern Casey H.
Published: August 2018

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a difficult to treat condition with a significant global public health and cost burden. The nucleus accumbens (NAc) has been implicated in AUD and identified as an ideal target for deep brain stimulation (DBS). There are promising preclinical animal studies of DBS for alcohol consumption as well as some initial human clinical studies that have shown some promise at reducing alcohol-related cravings and, in some instances, achieving long-term abstinence. In this review, the authors discuss the evidence and concepts supporting the role of the NAc in AUD, summarize the findings from published NAc DBS studies in animal models and humans, and consider the challenges and propose future directions for neuromodulation of the NAc for the treatment of AUD.
Deep brain stimulation of the cerebellum for poststroke motor rehabilitation: from laboratory to clinical trial
Authors: Wathen Connor A. , Frizon Leonardo A. , Maiti Tanmoy K. , Baker Kenneth B. , Machado Andre G.
Published: August 2018

Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of disability worldwide, with profound economic costs. Poststroke motor impairment is the most commonly encountered deficit resulting in significant disability and is the primary driver of stroke-associated healthcare expenditures. Although many patients derive some degree of benefit from physical rehabilitation, a significant proportion continue to suffer from persistent motor impairment. Noninvasive brain stimulation, vagal nerve stimulation, epidural cortical stimulation, and deep brain stimulation (DBS) have all been studied as potential modalities to improve upon the benefits derived from physical therapy alone. These neuromodulatory therapies aim primarily to augment neuroplasticity and drive functional reorganization of the surviving perilesional cortex.

The authors have proposed a novel and emerging therapeutic approach based on cerebellar DBS targeted at the dentate nucleus. Their rationale is based on the extensive reciprocal connectivity between the dentate nucleus and wide swaths of cerebral cortex via the dentatothalamocortical and corticopontocerebellar tracts, as well as the known limitations to motor rehabilitation imposed by crossed cerebellar diaschisis. Preclinical studies in rodent models of ischemic stroke have shown that cerebellar DBS promotes functional recovery in a frequency-dependent manner, with the most substantial benefits of the therapy noted at 30-Hz stimulation. The improvements in motor function are paralleled by increased expression of markers of synaptic plasticity, synaptogenesis, and neurogenesis in the perilesional cortex. Given the findings of preclinical studies, a first-in-human trial, Electrical Stimulation of the Dentate Nucleus Area (EDEN) for Improvement of Upper Extremity Hemiparesis Due to Ischemic Stroke: A Safety and Feasibility Study, commenced in 2016. Although the existing preclinical evidence is promising, the results of this Phase I trial and subsequent clinical trials will be necessary to determine the future applicability of this therapy.
EDUKASI TB PARU PENGETAHUAN SIKAP KADER POSYANDU MELALUI PERMAINAN SIMULASI MONOPOLI
Authors: Megawati Megawati , Suriah Suriah , Ngatimin Rusli , Yani Ahmad
Published: August 2018

Upaya yang bersumber dari  masyarakat umumnya memperkuat tenaga kesehatan sehingga masyarakat juga dapat dilibatkan dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang  kasus TB paru, salah satunya adalah melalui kader posyandu. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui perbedaan pengetahuan dan sikap TB paru melalui permainan simulasi monopoli TB. Penelitian menggunakan desain eksperimen semu, yaitu One Group Time Series. Populasi penelitian semua posyandu 70 kader. Penentuan  sampel metode purposive sampling sebanyak 35 kader. Data dianalisis uji  paired sampel T test dengan taraf signifikan 0,05. Analisis dari  pengetahuan menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan Thitung= 15,355 > Ttabel=1,6909 dan  p<0,05,  dan sikap menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan Thitung=3,228>Ttabel=1,6909 dan p<0,05 masing-masing pengukuran satu minggu sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Pengetahuan terdapat perbedaan signifikan Thitung=-16,199> Ttabel=1,6909 dan  p<0,05, sikap terdapat perbedaan signifikan Thitung=-3,228>Ttabel=1,909 dan p<0,05 masing- masing satu minggu sebelum intervensi dan satu bulan sesudah intervensi. Pengetahuan ada perbedaan tidak signifikan Thitung= -1,7850,05, sikap ada perbedaan tidak signifikan Thitung 1,6940,05, masing-masing pengukuran satu minggu dan satu bulan sesudah intervensi. Terdapat perubahan pengetahuan dan sikap dengan  media permainan simulasi monopoli TB kepada   kader posyandu puskesmas Bangkir Kab Tolitoli.Kata Kunci : Edukasi, simulasi monopoli, pengetahuan, sikap
EDUKASI BAGI CALON PENGANTIN TENTANG ANEMIA GIZI DAN KURANG ENERGI KRONIK DI KOTA PAREPARE
Authors: Suriah Suriah , Citrakesumasari Citrakesumasari , Awaluddin Awaluddin , Yani Ahmad
Published: August 2018

Kegiatan ini bertujuan memberikan edukasi tentang pencegahan anemia gizi dan KEK pada ibu hamil di kota Parepare. Proses kegiatan ini meliputi; 1). Sosialisasi dan bina suasana, 2). Pelatihan komunikator lokal, dan 3). Edukasi tentang pencegahan anemia gizi dan KEK pada ibu hamil yang dilakukan oleh kader posyandu dan atau tokoh masyarakat kepada calon pengantin dalam acara Mappacci. Kegiatan ini menghasilkan; 1). Komitmen dari kepala KUA dari 4 kecamatan, kader posyandu, bidang gizi dan promosi kesehatan dinkes kota Parepare untuk mendukung pelaksanaan kegiatan, 2). Terlatihnya 10 orang komunikator lokal yang terdiri dari unsur kader posyandu dan tokoh masyarakat di kecamatan Bacukiki Barat, dan 3). Proses edukasi oleh komunikator lokal kepada calon pengantin dalam acara Mappacci. Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan pengabdian ini, diharapkan komunikator lokal akan terus memberikan informasi yang berkelanjutan kepada calon pengantin pada acara Mappacci di kota Parepare yang dilengkapi dengan booklet saku edukasi.  Pihak KUA dan Dinas Kesehatan kota Parepare agar dapat menyebarluaskan hasil kegiatan ini sehingga seluruh kecamatan yang ada di kota Parepare terpapar tentang pencegahan anemia gizi dan KEK pada ibu hamil yang telah dimulai di kecamatan Bacukiki Barat.Kata Kunci : Edukasi, calon pengantin, komunikator lokal, anemia gizi dan KEK, Mappacci
PERBEDAAN INDIKATOR-INDIKATOR OBESITAS PADA LANSIA HIPERTENSI DAN NON-HIPERTENSI
Authors: Mardiyati Nur Lathifah , Agustin Yuriza
Published: August 2018

Banyak kejadian hipertensi yang tidak terdiagnosa dikarenakan tidak munculnya tanda dan gejala sehingga diperlukan cara penentuan peningkatan risiko hipertensi yang lebih mudah teramati, seperti dari peningkatan IMT, lingkar pinggang (LP) dan rasio lingkar pinggang-panggul (RLPP) yang juga sebagai langkah promosi kesehatan untuk mencegah peningkatan kasus hipertensi dari diri sendiri. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross-sectional yang dilaksanakan di Posyandu Lansia di Desa Bolon, Kecamatan Colomadu dengan jumlah subjek 30 untuk masing-masing kelompok yang dipilih secara consecutive sampling. Uji perbedaan dilakukan dengan Independent T-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan lebih dari separuh responden yang non-hipertensi memiliki IMT, LP dan RLPP yang normal (70%, 67% dan 77%) sedangkan untuk responden yang hipertensi sebagian besar memiliki status gizi lebih (63%, 73% dan 70%). Walaupun lebih dari separuh responden yang hipertensi memiliki IMT lebih, dari uji Independent T-test tidak menunjukkan perbedaaan yang signifikan (nilai p> 0,05). Namun, untuk LP dan RLPP menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan antara respoden dengan hipertensi dan tidak hipertensi (nilai p< 0,05). Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada LP dan RLPP tetapi tidak dengan IMT pada lansia hipertensi dan yang tidak mengalami hipertensi. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa penumpukan lemak di sekitar perut yang lebih mempengaruhi tekanan darah dibandingkan dengan IMT atau proporsi tubuh secara keseluruhan.Kata Kunci : Lansia, hipertensi, lingkar pinggang, lingkar panggul, IMT
TINGKAT PENDIDIKAN, PENGETAHUAN GIZI DAN KEPATUHAN DIET PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS (DM) RAWAT JALAN DI RSUD KARANGANYAR
Authors: Isnaeni Farida Nur , Risti Khairunnisa Nadya , Mayawati Hernie , Arsy Mahluristya Khaulil
Published: August 2018

Terapi Nutrisi Medis (TNM) merupakan salah satu dari empat pilar penanganan DM berdasarkan Persatuan Endokrinologi Indonesia (PERKENI) dimana keberhasilannya dapat diukur berdasarkan kepatuhan diet yang dijalani pasien. Kepatuhan diet adalah kesesuaian perilaku seseorang terhadap diet yang diberikan oleh ahli gizi maupun tenaga kesehatan lain. Beberapa faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kepatuhan diet adalah pengetahuan dan pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran pengetahuan, pendidikan dan kepatuhan diet pada pasien DM rawat jalan di RSUD Karanganyar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sebanyak 52 subjek direkrut dengan metode accidental sampling sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Data pendidikan, pengetahuan dan kepatuhan diet didapat menggunakan kuesioner. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif menggunakan software SPSS for windows versi 16. Sebanyak 57.7% subjek penelitian tergolong patuh terhadap diet yang direkomendasikan. Akan tetapi, sekitar 57.7% subjek memiliki tingkat pendidikan dasar. Selain itu, 51.9% dari subjek penelitian memiliki pengetahuan yang kurang. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan adanya edukasi yang berkelanjutan untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan diet pada pasien DM demi menjaga kontrol glukosa darah dan mencegah terjadinya komplikasi DM.
GAMBARAN KEBIASAAN SARAPAN DAN STATUS GIZI MAHASISWA GIZI DAN NON-GIZI UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH SURAKARTA
Authors: Puspitasari Dyah Intan , Rahmani Ayik
Published: August 2018

Mahasiswa gizi yang mendapatkan perkuliahan tentang ilmu gizi dan kesehatan dianggap memiliki pengetahuan yang lebih dibandingkan mahasiswa non-gizi. Pengetahuan yang dimiliki mahasiswa gizi akan membentuk perilaku hidup sehat seperti kebiasaan sarapan sehat dan teratur untuk terbentuknya status gizi yang optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran kebiasaan sarapan dan status gizi antara mahaiswa gizi dan non-gizi. Metode penelitian ini adalan penelitian observasional dengan desain cross sectional. Sampel penelitian dipilih secara purposive sampling sejumlah 39 mahasiwa gizi dan 39 mahasiswa non-gizi. Data jenis dan frekuensi sarapan diambil dengan metode food record selama 7 hari berturut-turut dan data status gizi (IMT/U) diambil dengan pengukuran berat badan dan tinggi badan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa gizi (91,2%) dan non gizi (79,4%) kebanyakan mengonsumsi sarapan dengan jenis snack (<15% AKG), sarapan dengan frekuensi tidak teratur (79,4% untuk mahasiswa gizi dan 100% untuk mahasiswa non-gizi), serta memiliki status gizi baik (70,6% untuk mahasiswa gizi dan 61,8% untuk mahasiswa non-gizi. Mahasiswa gizi dan non-gizi di Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta memiliki gambaran kebiasaan sarapan dan status gizi yang tidak terlalu berbeda secara signifikan. Pengetahuan gizi yang dimiliki oleh mahasiswa gizi tidak secara langsung mengubah perilaku hidup sehat sehari-hari. Hal ini disebabkan karena ada banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi status gizi serta perilaku seseorang
Nutritional Predictors of Perioperative Complications and Mortality Following Nephrectomy for Renal Malignancies: A Population-Based Analysis
Authors: Arora Karan , Hanson Kristine T. , Habermann Elizabeth B. , Tollefson Matthew K. , Psutka Sarah P.
Published: August 2018

Introduction and Objective:

Conflicting data exists regarding the impact of body mass index (BMI) on postoperative outcomes following surgery for renal malignancies (RM). Herein, we investigated associations between obesity, hypoalbuminemia, and/or significant weight loss in the preoperative period, and risk complications and mortality within 30 days of radical (RN) or partial nephrectomy (PN).

Materials and Methods:

Review of the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database identified 8,618 patients treated with PN or RN for RM between 2005 and 2012. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression models were developed to assess associations between hypoalbuminemia (<3.5 g/dl), >10% weight loss within 6 months of surgery, obesity (BMI >30 kg/m2), and 30-day major complications and mortality.

Results:

Median BMI was 29.2 kg/m2 with 24.9%, 11.9%, and 8.2% having class I, II, and III obesity, respectively. Weight loss of >10% was observed in 2.6% and 15.4% had preoperative albumin<3.5 g/dl. There were 1,802 complications (20.9%) and 88 deaths within 30 days (1.0%). On multivariable analysis, BMI ≥40 kg/m2 (OR 1.3, p = 0.04), >10% weight loss (OR 1.9, p < 0.001) and hypoalbuminemia (OR 1.5, p < 0.001) were independently associated with 30-day complications, while only >10% weight loss was independently associated with 30-day mortality (OR 2.4, p = 0.03).

Conclusions:

Extreme obesity, hypoalbuminemia, and significant weight loss were independently associated with risk of significant complications following PN or RN while only significant preoperative weight loss was associated with early mortality, underscoring the need to further understand the utility of moderating these risk factors in the perioperative period.
An Algorithm to Manage Transportation Logistics That Considers Sabotage Risk
Authors: Chomchalao Chaiya , Kaewman Sasitorn , Pitakaso Rapeepan , Sethanan Kanchana
Published: August 2018

This paper presents an algorithm to solve the multilevel location–allocation problem when sabotage risk is considered (MLLAP-SB). Sabotage risk is the risk that a deliberate act of sabotage will happen in a living area or during the transportation of a vehicle. This can change the way decisions are made about the transportation problem when it is considered. The mathematical model of the MLLAP-SB is first presented and solved to optimality by using Lingo v. 11 optimization software, but it can solve only small numbers of test instances. Second, two heuristics are presented to solve large numbers of test instances that Lingo cannot solve to optimality within a reasonable time. The original differential evolution (DE) algorithm and the extended version of DE—the modified differential evolution (MDE) algorithm—are presented to solve the MLLAP-SB. From the computational result, when solving small numbers of test instances in which Lingo is able to find the optimality, DE and MDE are able to find a 100% optimal solution while requiring much lower computational time. Lingo uses an average 96,156.67 s to solve the problem, while DE and MDE use only 104 and 90 s, respectively. Solving large numbers of test instances where Lingo cannot solve the problem, MDE outperformed DE, as it found a 100% better solution than DE. MDE has an average 0.404% lower cost than DE when using a computational time of 90 min. The difference in cost between MDE and DE changes from 0.08% when using 10 min to 0.54% when using 100 min computational time. The computational result also explicitly shows that when sabotage risk is integrated into the method of solving the problem, it can reduce the average total cost from 32,772,361 baht to 30,652,360 baht, corresponding to a 9.61% reduction.
Culture, Board Composition and Corporate Social Reporting in the Banking Sector
Authors: García-Meca Emma , Uribe-Bohórquez María-Victoria , Cuadrado-Ballesteros Beatriz
Published: August 2018

This paper contributes to the debate on the corporate governance of financial institutions, by studying the effect of different board characteristics on the level of corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosures of banks. For that, we use a sample composed by 159 banks over the period 2004–2010. We found that independent directors and gender diversity favor the disclosure CSR information in baking sector. But, these results are moderated by the national cultural system; concretely, previous positive effects of independence and diversity of banks’ boards on CSR reporting are reduced in countries with a weaker cultural system, that is, individualist, masculine and vertically stratified societies, that are little indulgent and short-term oriented and show high levels of uncertainty avoidance.
The Role of Localized Agri-Food Systems in the Provision of Environmental and Social Benefits in Peripheral Areas: Evidence from Two Case Studies in Italy
Authors: Mantino Francesco , Vanni Francesco
Published: August 2018

The article focuses on the role of Localized Agri-food Systems (LAFS) in the provision of environmental and social benefits (ESBs) in peripheral areas, by comparing two case studies in Italy: bergamot production in Grecanic area (Calabria region) and a basket of local products in Garfagnana area (Tuscany region). On the basis of the evidence collected through semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders, the paper shows the different mechanisms by which LAFS may stimulate the provision of ESBs in such areas. In both case studies the provision of ESBs was the result of the interplay among three different types of drivers: markets factors, the set of policies implemented in the specific territorial context and collective actions performed by local actors to promote new governance patterns and new institutions. The article shows that in peripheral areas LAFS, alongside food production, have a strong potential in delivering a broad range of environmental and social benefits, which are highly valued by local communities and consumers. However, this potential varies to large extent according to the socio-economic and institutional settings, as well as on the type of interactions of market drivers with public policies and collective action.
Communication in Dogs
Authors: Siniscalchi Marcello , D’Ingeo Serenella , Minunno Michele , Quaranta Angelo
Published: August 2018

Dogs have a vast and flexible repertoire of visual, acoustic, and olfactory signals that allow an expressive and fine tuned conspecific and dog–human communication. Dogs use this behavioural repertoire when communicating with humans, employing the same signals used during conspecific interactions, some of which can acquire and carry a different meaning when directed toward humans. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the latest progress made in the study of dog communication, describing the different nature of the signals used in conspecific (dog–dog) and heterospecific (dog–human) interactions and their communicative meaning. Finally, behavioural asymmetries that reflect lateralized neural patterns involved in both dog–dog and dog–human social communication are discussed.
Biomimetic Surface Structuring Using Laser Based Interferometric Methods
Authors: Lasagni Andrés Fabián , Alamri Sabri , Aguilar-Morales Alfredo Ismael , Rößler Florian , Voisiat Bogdan , Kunze Tim
Published: August 2018

This review investigates the capabilities of laser-based interferometric methods for producing structures with multiple-scaled surface features imitating natural examples. Firstly, laser interference lithography is used to produce hierarchical patterns with length-scales in the micrometer and sub-micrometer range. Different strategies are discussed to produce a wide variety of periodic arrays, depending on the number of resist lasers used as well as the way in which the exposure steps are organized. After that, periodic patterns are fabricated on polymers using ns laser pulses from an UV-laser system. Additionally in this case, multiple-scale patterns are produced by using different strategies. A similar approach is described to treat metallic surfaces of steel X6Cr17 and a titanium alloy Ti6Al4V. The geometry of the produced microstructures was characterized using scanning electron microscopy and confocal microscopy. Measurement of water contact angle is performed for both polymer and metallic surfaces.
A Review of AlGaN-Based Deep-Ultraviolet Light-Emitting Diodes on Sapphire
Authors: Nagasawa Yosuke , Hirano Akira
Published: August 2018

This paper reviews the progress of AlGaN-based deep-ultraviolet (DUV) light emitting diodes (LEDs), mainly focusing in the work of the authors’ group. The background to the development of the current device structure on sapphire is described and the reason for using a (0001) sapphire with a miscut angle of 1.0° relative to the m-axis is clarified. Our LEDs incorporate uneven quantum wells (QWs) grown on an AlN template with dense macrosteps. Due to the low threading dislocation density of AlGaN and AlN templates of about 5 × 108/cm2, the number of nonradiative recombination centers is decreased. In addition, the uneven QW show high external quantum efficiency (EQE) and wall-plug efficiency, which are considered to be boosted by the increased internal quantum efficiency (IQE) by enhancing carrier localization adjacent to macrosteps. The achieved LED performance is considered to be sufficient for practical applications. The advantage of the uneven QW is discussed in terms of the EQE and IQE. A DUV-LED die with an output of over 100 mW at 280–300 nm is considered feasible by applying techniques including the encapsulation. In addition, the fundamental achievements of various groups are reviewed for the future improvements of AlGaN-based DUV-LEDs. Finally, the applications of DUV-LEDs are described from an industrial viewpoint. The demonstrations of W/cm2-class irradiation modules are shown for UV curing.
Challenges and Limitations in the Identification of Acoustic Emission Signature of Damage Mechanisms in Composites Materials
Authors: Godin Nathalie , Reynaud Pascal , Fantozzi Gilbert
Published: August 2018

Acoustic emission is a part of structural health monitoring (SHM) and prognostic health management (PHM). This approach is mainly based on the activity rate and acoustic emission (AE) features, which are sensitive to the severity of the damage mechanism. A major issue in the use of AE technique is to associate each AE signal with a specific damage mechanism. This approach often uses classification algorithms to gather signals into classes as a function of parameters values measured on the signals. Each class is then linked to a specific damage mechanism. Nevertheless, each recorded signal depends on the source mechanism features but the stress waves resulting from the microstructural changes depend on the propagation and acquisition (attenuation, damping, surface interactions, sensor characteristics and coupling). There is no universal classification between several damage mechanisms. The aim of this study is the assessment of the influence of the type of sensors and of the propagation distance on the waveforms parameters and on signals clustering.
Mode Profile Shaping in Wire Media: Towards An Experimental Verification
Authors: Boyd Taylor , Gratus Jonathan , Kinsler Paul , Letizia Rosa , Seviour Rebecca
Published: August 2018

We show that an experimentally plausible system consisting of a modulated dielectric wire medium hosted in a metal cavity or waveguide can be used to shape the longitudinal field profile. In addition, a more realistic permittivity is used. These new frequency domain numerical results are a significant step towards justifying the construction of an experimental apparatus to test the field profile shaping in practise.
Effect of Temperature, pH, and Reaction Duration on Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation
Authors: Kim Gunjo , Kim Janghwan , Youn Heejung
Published: August 2018

In this study, the amount of calcite precipitate resulting from microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) was estimated in order to determine the optimal conditions for precipitation. Two microbial species (Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Sporosarcina pasteurii) were tested by varying certain parameters such as (1) initial potential of hydrogen (pH) of urea-CaCl2 medium, (2) temperature during precipitation, and (3) the reaction duration. The pH values used for testing were 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, the temperatures were 20, 30, 40, and 50 °C, and the reaction durations were 2, 3, and 4 days. Maximum calcite precipitation was observed at a pH of 7 and temperature of 30 °C. Most of the precipitation occurred within a reaction duration of 3 days. Under similar conditions, the amount of calcite precipitated by S. saprophyticus was estimated to be five times more than that by S. pasteurii. Both the species were sensitive to temperature; however, S. saprophyticus was less sensitive to pH and required a shorter reaction duration than S. pasteurii.
Acoustic Localization for a Moving Source Based on Cross Array Azimuth
Authors: Yin Junhui , Xiong Chao , Wang Wenjie
Published: August 2018

Acoustic localization for a moving source plays a key role in engineering applications, such as wildlife conservation and health protection. Acoustic detection methods provide an alternative to traditional radar and infrared detection methods. Here, an acoustic locating method of array signal processing based on intersecting azimuth lines of two arrays is introduced. The locating algorithm and the precision simulation of a single array shows that such a single array has good azimuth precision and bad range estimation. Once another array of the same type is added, the moving acoustic source can be located precisely by intersecting azimuth lines. A low-speed vehicle is used as the simulated moving source for the locating experiments. The length selection of short correlation and moving path compensation are studied in the experiments. All results show that the proposed novel method locates the moving sound source with high precision (<5%), while requiring fewer instruments than current methods.
Methods for Aggregation and Remuneration of Distributed Energy Resources
Authors: Faria Pedro , Spínola João , Vale Zita
Published: August 2018

Distributed energy resource integration in power systems has advantages and challenges in both the economic and the technical operation of the system. An aggregator, as in the case of a Virtual Power Player, is essential in order to support the operation of these small size resources. Innovative approaches capable of supporting the decisions made in terms of resource scheduling, aggregation and remuneration are needed. The present paper addresses a methodology capable of managing resources through the activities of an aggregator, providing different choices of aggregation and remuneration strategies. The methodology is validated in a case study regarding a 21-bus network, composed of 20 consumers and 26 producers.
Intercombination Transitions in the n = 4 Shell of Zn-, Ga-, and Ge-Like Ions of Elements Kr through Xe
Authors: Träbert Elmar , Santana Juan A. , Quinet Pascal , Palmeri Patrick
Published: August 2018

Earlier beam-foil measurements have targeted 4s-4p intercombination transitions in the Zn-, Ga- and Ge-like ions of Nb (Z=41), Mo (Z=42), Rh (Z=44), Ag (Z=47) and I (Z=53). At the time, the spectra were calibrated with literature data on prominent lines in the Cu- and Zn-like ions. Corresponding literature data on the intercombination transitions in Ga- and Ge-like ions were largely lacking, which caused some ambiguity in the line identifications. We review the (mostly computational) progress made since. We find that a consistent set of state-of-the-art computations of Ga- and Ge-like ions would be highly desirable for revisiting the beam-foil data and the former line identifications for the elements from Kr (Z=36) to Xe (Z=54). We demonstrate that the literature data for these two isoelectronic sequences are insufficient, and we contribute reference computations in the process. We discuss the option of electron beam ion trap measurements as an alternative to the earlier use of classical light sources, beam-foil interaction and laser-produced plasmas, with the example of Xe (Z=54).
Doubly-Excited States of Beryllium-Like Ions with Screened Coulomb Potentials
Authors: Ghoshal Arijit , Ho Yew Kam
Published: August 2018

The screening effects of the interaction potentials on the lowest 1S doubly-excited states of beryllium-like ions were investigated by calculating the density of resonance states within the framework of the stabilization method. Two types of screened interaction potentials, namely static screened Coulomb potential and exponential cosine screened Coulomb potential, were taken into consideration. A model potential was used to describe the interaction between the core and outer electrons, and the Be-like ions were treated as being effectively three-body systems. Calculations were performed for Be and B+. It was possible to calculate the energy and width of one doubly-excited state of Be and four doubly-excited states of B+ lying above the 1s22p threshold. Significant changes were found to exist in the behaviour of the width with varying screening parameters. To the best of our knowledge, such an investigation on the doubly-excited states of Be-like ions under screened environments is the first reported calculation of this type in the literature.