bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROACTIVE PRIVACY: ADVANCED RISK MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES FOR PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT IN THE U.S
Authors: Excel G Chukwurah
Published: April 2024

As data privacy concerns become increasingly prevalent, especially in the U.S. where regulations like the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) are setting new standards, technology companies must adopt advanced risk management strategies to ensure compliance and protect consumer data. This review explores the concept of proactive privacy and outlines key strategies for integrating privacy considerations into product development processes. The review begins by highlighting the growing importance of data privacy in the U.S. tech industry, emphasizing the need for proactive approaches to privacy management. It then introduces the concept of proactive privacy, which involves identifying and mitigating privacy risks early in the product development lifecycle. The review emphasizes the importance of adopting a privacy-by-design approach, where privacy considerations are integrated into every stage of product development. The review then outlines several advanced risk management strategies for proactive privacy. This includes conducting thorough privacy impact assessments (PIAs) to identify potential privacy risks associated with new products or services. It also emphasizes the importance of implementing privacy-enhancing technologies, such as encryption and anonymization, to protect consumer data. Furthermore, the review discusses the importance of establishing a culture of privacy within tech companies, where privacy is viewed as a fundamental value and employees are educated about privacy best practices. It also highlights the benefits of engaging with privacy experts and regulators to stay informed about evolving privacy regulations and industry standards. In conclusion, the review emphasizes the importance of proactive privacy in product development and highlights key strategies for integrating privacy considerations into the development process. By adopting advanced risk management strategies and prioritizing privacy throughout the product lifecycle, U.S. technology companies can enhance consumer trust, ensure compliance with regulations, and mitigate privacy risks.

Keywords: Proactive Privacy, Risk Management, Strategies, Product Development, Advanced
DEVELOPING CYBERSECURITY FRAMEWORKS FOR FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW AND BEST PRACTICES
Authors: Lawrence Damilare Oyeniyi  , Chinonye Esther Ugochukwu  , Noluthando Zamanjomane Mhlongo
Published: April 2024

In the digital epoch, where the financial sector stands as the cornerstone of global economic stability, the escalating sophistication of cyber threats poses an unprecedented challenge. This scholarly pursuit aimed to dissect the intricate web of cybersecurity within the financial domain, elucidating the evolving threat landscape, scrutinizing the efficacy of existing cybersecurity frameworks, and delineating strategic pathways for fortification against digital adversaries. Anchored in a qualitative methodology, the study embarked on a systematic literature review, meticulously sifting through contemporary academic discourse to unveil the nuances of cybersecurity challenges besieging financial institutions. The scope of this inquiry spanned the assessment of regulatory landscapes, the exploration of technological innovations in cybersecurity, and the critical examination of human factors influencing cybersecurity efficacy. The findings illuminate a stark reality—the existing cybersecurity frameworks, though foundational, are increasingly inadequate in the face of sophisticated cyber threats. The study advocates for a paradigmatic shift towards more adaptable, robust, and technology-driven cybersecurity frameworks, underscored by the imperative for regulatory agility and international collaboration. Conclusively, the paper posits that the future of cybersecurity in the financial sector hinges on a tripartite alliance among financial institutions, regulatory bodies, and technology providers, urging a unified front to navigate the cyber tempest. Recommendations call for an integrated approach that marries regulatory compliance with cutting-edge technological solutions, fostering a cybersecurity ecosystem that is both resilient and responsive to the digital zeitgeist. This scholarly endeavor not only contributes to the academic discourse on financial cybersecurity but also serves as a beacon for policymakers, practitioners, and stakeholders in charting a secure course in the digital financial frontier.

Keywords: Cybersecurity, Financial Sector, Systematic Literature Review, Regulatory Compliance, Technological Innovation, Strategic Recommendations.
ELEVATING TEAM PERFORMANCE WITH SCRUM: INSIGHTS FROM SUCCESSFUL U.S. TECHNOLOGY COMPANIES
Authors: Excel G Chukwurah  , Samuel Aderemi
Published: April 2024

Scrum, a popular Agile framework, has been widely adopted by U.S. technology companies to enhance team performance and deliver high-quality products efficiently. This review explores how successful U.S. technology companies leverage Scrum to elevate team performance, drive innovation, and achieve business objectives. Key insights from these companies reveal the transformative impact of Scrum on team dynamics, collaboration, and product delivery. By embracing Scrum principles, such as iterative development, self-organization, and continuous improvement, these companies have been able to overcome challenges, adapt to changing market demands, and deliver value to customers. Through case studies and real-world examples, this review highlights the strategies and practices that have contributed to the success of U.S. technology companies using Scrum. These include establishing cross-functional teams, empowering team members to make decisions, and fostering a culture of transparency and accountability. Furthermore, this Review discusses the role of leadership in supporting and enabling Scrum teams. Effective leadership is crucial for setting clear goals, removing obstacles, and creating an environment that fosters innovation and collaboration. Overall, this review provides valuable insights into how Scrum can be used to elevate team performance in U.S. technology companies. By adopting Scrum principles and practices, companies can improve their ability to respond to market changes, deliver products faster, and ultimately achieve greater success in today's competitive landscape.

Keywords: Elevating, Team Performance, Scrum, Technology Companies, Insights.
TRANSFORMING FINTECH FRAUD DETECTION WITH ADVANCED ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ALGORITHMS
Authors: Philip Olaseni Shoetan  , Babajide Tolulope Familoni
Published: April 2024

The rapid evolution of financial technology (fintech) platforms has exponentially increased the volume and sophistication of financial transactions, concurrently elevating the risk and complexity of fraudulent activities. This necessitates a paradigm shift in fraud detection methodologies towards more agile, accurate, and predictive solutions. This paper presents a comprehensive study on the transformative potential of advanced Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms in enhancing fintech fraud detection mechanisms. By leveraging cutting-edge AI techniques including deep learning, machine learning, and natural language processing, this research aims to develop a robust fraud detection framework capable of identifying, analyzing, and preventing fraudulent transactions in real-time.

Our methodology encompasses the deployment of several AI algorithms on extensive datasets comprising genuine and fraudulent financial transactions. Through a comparative analysis, we identify the most effective algorithms in terms of accuracy, efficiency, and scalability. Key findings reveal that deep learning models, particularly those employing neural networks, outperform traditional machine learning models in detecting complex and nuanced fraudulent activities. Furthermore, the integration of natural language processing enables the extraction and analysis of unstructured data, significantly enhancing the detection capabilities.

Conclusively, this paper underscores the critical role of advanced AI algorithms in revolutionizing fintech fraud detection. It highlights the superior performance of AI-based models over conventional methods, offering fintech platforms a more dynamic and predictive approach to fraud prevention. This research not only contributes to the academic discourse on financial security but also provides practical insights for fintech companies striving to safeguard their operations against fraud.

Keywords:  Artificial Intelligence, Fintech, Fraud Detection, Ethical Ai, Regulatory Compliance, Data Privacy, Algorithmic Bias, Predictive Analytics, Blockchain Technology, Quantum Computing, Interdisciplinary Collaboration, Innovation, Transparency, Accountability, Continuous Learning, Ethical Principles, Real-Time Processing, Financial Sector.
Viewpoint: Model Validation Tool
Authors: Lee Karen M.
Published: April 2024

Validating economic models is important to ensure that the modelling results address decision-making needs, measure intended outcomes, and are accurate.

Through a targeted literature search, and in consultation with other health economists, CADTH developed a tool that will assist researchers and decision-makers to ensure economic models are fit for purpose and function properly.

The tool is not intended to address concerns related to the quality of model inputs, but rather to ensure that the process of model validation is consistent and reproducible.
A CRACOLÂNDIA SOBRE O VIÉS DOS DIREITOS FUNDAMENTAIS: UM ESTUDO SOBRE A DIGNIDADE DA PESSOA HUMANA VERSUS A SEGURANÇA SOCIAL
Authors: Silva Samuel Gomes , Oliveira Rômulo de Morais e
Published: April 2024

O estudo possui como questão central os direitos fundamentais da população em situação de rua da Cracolândia em contraponto as medidas de segurança pública que podem violar a dignidade da pessoa humana desses indivíduos. Este estudo é norteado por um objetivo geral em analisar a situação vivenciada pela população de rua da Cracolândia perante os direitos fundamentais da dignidade da pessoa humana frente a segurança pública. A metodologia empregada, foi amparada no método dedutivo com técnicas de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, concebendo-se que foram observados conteúdos já publicados, leis e jurisprudências. Dentre os resultados alcançados ficou demonstrado que a ausência de moradia digna para população da Cracolândia representa uma omissão do município de São Paulo/SP em disponibilizar o mínimo necessário para vida como dignidade como é estabelecido na Lei nº 14.821/2024. Concluiu-se, então, que o município de São Paulo, não pode priorizar a segurança dos demais cidadãos com a imposição de restrições como a internação compulsória, pois essa medida viola a dignidade da pessoa humana, já que o direito à segurança pública também reflete sobre a população de rua da Cracolândia.
PASSO A PASSO PARA REALIZAÇÃO DE UMA VISTORIA DE ENTREGA E RECEBIMENTO DE OBRAS DA CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL
Authors: Castro Gustavo Dias de , Beire Bruna Moreira
Published: April 2024

Neste artigo será apresentado o passo a passo para realização dos procedimentos de Entrega e Recebimento de Obras da Construção Civil. Com o objetivo de orientar tanto os proprietários e condomínios, para fins de evitar que um sonho de obter a casa própria se torne um problema futuro, quanto os construtores evitarem multas e rescisões nos contratos, de forma a garantir a sua segurança e preservar o bem-estar de todos que possam estar inseridos neste contexto. Será também realizada, uma abordagem sobre um estudo de caso do programa do Governo, Minha Casa, Minha Vida com o objetivo de destacar as principais desconformidades relacionadas à entrega e recebimento de obras, finalizando com a orientação do profissional sobre os aspectos mais relevantes para se realizar a vistoria.
Nocturnal Atmospheric Synergistic Oxidation Reduces the Formation of Low-volatility Organic Compounds from Biogenic Emissions
Authors: Zang Han , Luo Zekun , Li Chenxi , Li Ziyue , Huang Dandan , Zhao Yue
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are often subject to synergistic oxidation by different oxidants in the atmosphere. However, the exact synergistic oxidation mechanism of atmospheric VOCs and its role in particle formation remain poorly understood. In particular, the reaction kinetics of the key reactive intermediates, organic peroxy radicals (RO2), during synergistic oxidation is rarely studied. Here, we conducted a combined experimental and kinetic modelling study of the nocturnal synergistic oxidation of α-pinene (the most abundant monoterpene) by O3 and NO3 radicals as well as its influences on the formation of highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOMs) and particles. We find that in the synergistic O3 + NO3 regime, where OH radicals are abundantly formed via decomposition of ozonolysis-derived Criegee intermediates, the production of CxHyOz-HOMs is substantially suppressed compared to that in the O3-only regime, mainly because of the termination of α-pinene RO2 derived from ozonolysis and OH oxidation by those arising from NO3 oxidation. Measurement-model comparisons further reveal that the termination reactions between ozonolysis- and NO3-derived RO2 are on average 10 – 100 times more efficient than those of OH- and NO3-derived RO2. Despite a strong production of organic nitrates in the synergistic oxidation regime, the substantial decrease of CxHyOz-HOM formation leads to a significant reduction in ultralow- and extremely low-volatility organic compounds, which significantly inhibits the formation of new particles. This work provides valuable mechanistic and quantitative insights into the nocturnal synergistic oxidation chemistry of biogenic emissions and will help to better understand the formation of low-volatility organic compounds and particles in the atmosphere.
The Impact of Cloud Microphysics and Ice Nucleation on Southern Ocean Clouds Assessed with Single Column Modeling and Instrument Simulators
Authors: Gettelman Andrew , Forbes Richard , Marchand Roger , Chen Chih-Chieh , Fielding Mark
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Supercooled liquid clouds are common at higher latitudes (especially over the Southern Ocean) and are critical for constraining climate projections. We take advantage of the Macquarie Island Cloud and Radiation Experiment (MICRE) to perform an analysis of observed and simulated cloud processes over the Southern Ocean in a region and season dominated by supercooled liquid clouds. Using a single-column version of the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecast's (ECMWF) Integrated Forecast System (IFS), we compare two different cloud microphysical schemes to ground based observations of cloud, precipitation and radiation over a 2.5 month period (January 1 – March 17, 2017). Both schemes are able to reproduce aspects of the cloud and radiation observations during MICRE to within the uncertainty of the data, when the thermodynamic profile is prescribed with relaxation. There are differences in water mass and representation of reflectivity between the schemes. A sensitivity study of the cloud microphysics schemes, one a bulk one-moment scheme, and the other a two-moment scheme with prediction of mass and number, indicates that several key processes create differences between the schemes. Surface radiative fluxes and total water path are highly sensitive to the formation and fall speed of precipitation. The prediction of hydrometeor number with the two-moment scheme yields a better comparison with observed reflectivity and radiative fluxes, despite predicting higher liquid water contents than observed. With the two-moment scheme, we are also able to test the sensitivity of the results to the input of liquid Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN) and Ice Nuclei (IN). The cloud properties and resulting radiative effects are found to be sensitive to the CCN and IN concentrations. More CCN and IN increase liquid and ice water paths respectively. Thus both the dynamic environment and aerosols, integrated through the cloud microphysics, are important for properly representing Southern Ocean cloud radiative effects.
Evaluating manual versus automated benthic foraminiferal δ18O alignment techniques for developing chronostratigraphies in marine sediment records
Authors: Middleton Jennifer L. , Gottschalk Julia , Winckler Gisela , Hanley Jean , Knudson Carol , Farmer Jesse R. , Lamy Frank , Lisiecki Lorraine E. ,   Expedition 383 Scientists
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Paleoceanographic interpretations of Plio-Pleistocene climate variability over the past 5 million years rely on the evaluation of event timing of proxy changes in sparse records across multiple ocean basins. In turn, orbital-scale chronostratigraphic controls for these records are often built from stratigraphic alignment of benthic foraminiferal stable oxygen isotope (δ18O) records to a preferred dated target stack or composite. This chronostratigraphic age model approach yields age model uncertainties associated with alignment method, target selection, the assumption that the undated record and target experienced synchronous changes in benthic foraminiferal δ18O values, and the assumption that any possible stratigraphic discontinuities within the undated record have been appropriately identified. However, these age model uncertainties and their impact on paleoceanographic interpretations are seldom reported or discussed. Here, we investigate and discuss these uncertainties for conventional manual and automated tuning techniques based on benthic foraminiferal δ18O records and evaluate their impact on sedimentary age models over the past 3.5 Myr using three sedimentary benthic foraminiferal δ18O records as case studies. In one case study, we present a new benthic foraminiferal δ18O record for International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Site U1541 (54°13′ S, 125°25′ W), recently recovered from the South Pacific on IODP Expedition 383. The other two case studies examine published benthic foraminiferal δ18O records of Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 1090 and the ODP Site 980/981 composite. Our analysis suggests average age uncertainties of 3 to 5 kyr associated with manually derived versus automated alignment, 1 to 3 kyr associated with automated probabilistic alignment itself, and 2 to 6 kyr associated with the choice of tuning target. Age uncertainties are higher near stratigraphic segment ends and where local benthic foraminiferal δ18O stratigraphy differs from the tuning target. We conclude with recommendations for community best practices for the development and characterization of age uncertainty of sediment core chronostratigraphies based on benthic foraminiferal δ18O records.
InSAR-measured permafrost degradation of palsa peatlands in northern Sweden
Authors: Valman Samuel , Siewert Matthias B. , Boyd Doreen , Ledger Martha , Gee David , de la Barreda-Bautista Betsabé , Sowter Andrew , Sjögersten Sofie
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Climate warming is degrading palsa peatlands across the circumpolar permafrost region. Permafrost degradation may lead to ecosystem collapse and potentially strong climate feedbacks, as this ecosystem is an important carbon store and can transition to being a strong greenhouse gas emitter. Landscape-level measurement of permafrost degradation is needed to monitor this impact of warming. Surface subsidence is a useful metric of change in palsa degradation and can be monitored using interferometric synthetic-aperture radar (InSAR) satellite technology. We combined InSAR data, processed using the ASPIS algorithm to monitor ground motion between 2017 and 2021, with airborne optical and lidar data to investigate the rate of subsidence across palsa peatlands in northern Sweden. We show that 55 % of Sweden's eight largest palsa peatlands are currently subsiding, which can be attributed to the underlying permafrost landforms and their degradation. The most rapid degradation has occurred in the largest palsa complexes in the most northern part of the region of study, also corresponding to the areas with the highest percentage of palsa cover within the overall mapped wetland area. Further, higher degradation rates have been found in areas where winter precipitation has increased substantially. The roughness index calculated from a lidar-derived digital elevation model (DEM), used as a proxy for degradation, increases alongside subsidence rates and may be used as a complementary proxy for palsa degradation. We show that combining datasets captured using remote sensing enables regional-scale estimation of ongoing permafrost degradation, an important step towards estimating the future impact of climate change on permafrost-dependent ecosystems.
Quantifying uncertainty in simulations of the West African monsoon with the use of surrogate models
Authors: Fischer Matthias , Knippertz Peter , van der Linden Roderick , Lemburg Alexander , Pante Gregor , Proppe Carsten , Marsham John H.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Simulating the West African monsoon (WAM) system using numerical weather and climate models suffers from large uncertainties, which are difficult to assess due to nonlinear interactions between different components of the WAM. Here we present a fundamentally new approach to the problem by approximating the behavior of a numerical model – here the Icosahedral Nonhydrostatic (ICON) model – through a statistical surrogate model based on universal kriging, a general form of Gaussian process regression, which allows for a comprehensive global sensitivity analysis. The main steps of our analysis are as follows: (i) identify the most important uncertain model parameters and their probability density functions, for which we employ a new strategy dealing with non-uniformity in the kriging process. (ii) Define quantities of interest (QoIs) that represent general meteorological fields, such as temperature, pressure, cloud cover and precipitation, as well as the prominent WAM features, namely the tropical easterly jet, African easterly jet, Saharan heat low (SHL) and intertropical discontinuity. (iii) Apply a sampling strategy with regard to the kriging method to identify model parameter combinations which are used for numerical modeling experiments. (iv) Conduct ICON model runs for identified model parameter combinations over a nested limited-area domain from 28° W to 34° E and from 10° S to 34° N. The simulations are run for August in 4 different years (2016 to 2019) to capture the peak northward penetration of rainfall into West Africa, and QoIs are computed based on the mean response over the whole month in all years. (v) Quantify sensitivity of QoIs to uncertain model parameters in an integrated and a local analysis. The results show that simple isolated relationships between single model parameters and WAM QoIs rarely exist. Changing individual parameters affects multiple QoIs simultaneously, reflecting the physical links between them and the complexity of the WAM system. The entrainment rate in the convection scheme and the terminal fall velocity of ice particles show the greatest effects on the QoIs. Larger values of these two parameters reduce cloud cover and precipitation and intensify the SHL. The entrainment rate primarily affects 2 m temperature and 2 m dew point temperature and causes latitudinal shifts, whereas the terminal fall velocity of ice mostly affects cloud cover. Furthermore, the parameter that controls the evaporative soil surface has a major effect on 2 m temperature, 2 m dew point temperature and cloud cover. The results highlight the usefulness of surrogate models for the analysis of model uncertainty and open up new opportunities to better constrain model parameters through a comparison of the model output with selected observations.
Global Commodity Chains and the Pandemic
Authors: Espeter Lara M. , Retamal Patricia
Published: April 2024

The availability of labor-power is a critical element of all commodity chains. This is especially true of labor-intensive production processes such as agriculture. The COVID-19 pandemic had a major impact on this, as well as on many other aspects of the economy and everyday life. The institutions of the modern world-system responded in various ways to the new situation influenced by COVID-19, taking measures to mitigate and avert the detrimental effects. This paper examines these responses and their impact on the availability of labor-power in the agricultural areas of Nakuru County, Kenya, and O’Higgins Region, Chile. By practically applying world-systems analysis, we shed light on the significance of institutions during periods of stagnation and their impact on the availability of labor-power in global commodity chains. This allows us to draw conclusions about the general impact of institutional responses to stagnation phases at the worker level. We show that the institutions studied responded in very different ways to the stagnation phase affected by COVID-19. As a result, O’Higgins Region experienced a labor-power shortage that Nakuru County had not, which may have a lasting impact on labor-power availability.
A Review of Toxoplasmosis in Humans and Animals in Libya
Authors: Elsalem Rugaia Mohammed Abdulgader
Published: April 2024

Toxoplasmosis is a widely distributed zoonotic infection, caused by an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondiiin both humans and animals. The review summarizes published data on mode of infections, prevalence, life cycle, clinical aspects diagnosis, and risk factors of T. gondii in Libya. There is no adequate information exists on the mode of T. gondii transmission in Libya. Presence of stray cats and rodents in the houses and farms in different Libyan cities, probably play an important role in the maintaining the life cycle of T. gondii in the region. Libyan people might be also getting infection of T. gondii either by ingesting raw and undercooked grilled meat of lamb on festive occasions and sacrifice feasts and very often in restaurants on road side or by handling contaminated meat. Handling of infected meat by abraded hands at home might be transmitting toxoplasmosis to some extent through blood from broken skin especially among women in Libya. Diagnosis of T. gondii infection in Libya is based on serological detection of specific anti- Toxoplasma immunoglobulin, using different serological tests which have varied sensitivity and specificity in place to place. Various serological tests showed that toxoplasmosis is prevalent in eastern and western regions compared to southern parts of different Libyan localities from past few decades without any health education and control programmed. Prevalence of anti-ToxoplasmaIgG was more than anti-Toxoplasma IgM among pregnant women and patients. Variations in seroprevalence of T. gondii in Libya seem to correlate to lifestyle of cats (stray vs. pet), serological test utilized, climatic conditions, category of patients the with eating and hygiene habits of a population and other undefined factors. Little is known on the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in livestock. The sheep showed high seroprevalence and are suitable host for T. gondii in Libya.
Creencias epistemológicas de futuros maestros sobre la enseñanza de la gramática orientada al desarrollo de competencias
Authors: Rodríguez Muñoz Francisco J. , Martín Vegas Rosa Ana
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCCIÓN. La enseñanza de la gramática es tradicionalmente el núcleo didáctico en la materia de lengua castellana en la enseñanza preuniversitaria, pero su planteamiento metodológico ha sido cuestionado por el dudoso impacto que el conocimiento de la estructura de la lengua puede tener en el desarrollo de la competencia comunicativa de los estudiantes. Con la LOMLOE y la orientación de la educación hacia el desarrollo de competencias, deberían aplicarse cambios procedimentales que redundasen en la eficacia comunicativa. MÉTODO. Para corroborar la necesidad de esos cambios discutidos desde hace décadas de manera recurrente, se ha llevado a cabo un estudio metacognitivo con 355 estudiantes del grado en Maestro de Educación Primaria mediante el cuestionario ExCOGE, validado a través del método Delphi. Se ha realizado un análisis cualitativo para conocer las creencias epistémicas de los estudiantes sobre su experiencia de aprendizaje de la gramática, su motivación y sus futuras intenciones docentes. RESULTADOS. Los resultados reflejan una actitud acorde con la crítica más extendida, que considera el trabajo del docente poco actualizado; los contenidos gramaticales, recurrentes y sin perspectiva práctica; y la metodología, mecánica, sin reflexión y desmotivadora. DISCUSIÓN. La mejor intención de los futuros maestros es enseñar gramática reorientando los contenidos hacia el aprendizaje competencial. De este modo, sí parece que los cambios exigidos en la enseñanza de la gramática desde hace décadas se perciben como una necesidad presente y una realidad de intenciones futuras.
Kontribusi Psikologi Pendidikan Bagi Mentor dan Tutor di Pusat Pengembangan Anak “Dorkas” (PPA) Gereja Misi Injili Indonesia “Tesalonika” Batu
Authors: Masihoru Olivia
Published: April 2024

Pengetahuan atau pemahaman mengenai psikologi pendidikan harus menjadi kebutuhan yang mendasar bagi para pendidik. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Pusat Pengembangan Anak “Dorkas” Batu dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pemahaman para mentor dan tutor mengenai pengetahuan psikologi pendidikan serta problematika yang dialami dalam pelayanan di PPA “Dorkas” terkait dengan proses belajar mengajar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatam penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif yakni melakukan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam dan observasi dengan para mentor dan tutor, serta pengurus PPA “Dorkas”. Analisa data menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar mentor dan tutor belum pernah belajar psikologi pendidikan sehingga pemahaman mengenai psikologi pendidikan belum secara mendalam. Menurut para mentor dan tutor di PPA “Dorkas”, psikologi pendidikan penting untuk dipelajari dan bermanfaat dalam pelayanan anak di PPA “Dorkas” karena memperlengkapi para mentor dan tutor untuk lebih memahami anak-anak yang dilayani. Dari hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa untuk para mentor dan tutor perlu mempelajari pengetahuan ini melalui buku-buku, internet juga mengikuti seminar pendidikan yang berkaitan dengan psikologi pendidikan.
Will I Be Happy, Will I Be Rich?
Authors: D'hulster Kristof
Published: April 2024

This article deals with a collection of three divinatory lot books (qurʿas) that were once owned by Qāniṣawh al-Muḥammadī, an early tenth/sixteenth-century governor of Mamluk Damascus: Qurʿat al-Imām Jaʿfar, Qurʿat al-Dawāzdahmarj, and al-Qurʿa al-mubāraka al-maʾmūniyya. Beginning with a transcription and translation of their introductions and some samples of their main texts, I analyze the books’ divinatory technique and show it to be a combination of choice and chance, the latter generated either through a muqāraʿa or through a khaṭṭ procedure. I lay bare the mechanics that inform the seemingly haphazard arrangement of the 3,856 divinations included in the books, identify the books’ sources in Quranic or (Perso-)Indic astrology, and conclude with a discussion of the historicity of the various user strategies, based on supplementary manuscript evidence. In the appendix, I provide a full transcription and translation of the first lot book, with instructions for making one’s own divinatory device.
Hidden Facts of Nicotine Habit Among Children in Jaipur District, Rajasthan
Authors: Kaur Rajdeep , Yadav Satypal
Published: April 2024

Tobacco use is the largest global threat to public health, major factors that encourage people to use smokeless tobacco is its low price, easy availability and widely held misconception that it has medicinal value for toothache, headache and GIT disturbances. Furthermore, in contrast to smoking there is no taboo against smokeless tobacco usage.
In our study children had this habit in very tender age unknowingly and need counseling and awareness at school level in children is paramount along with parents and teachers.

Key words: Children, tobacco habit, chewing tobacco, supari
Attachment Style Dynamics and Wellbeing in Romantic Relationships among Young Adults
Authors: Baruah Rishika , Sutar Deepmala
Published: April 2024

The term "attachment style" describes how people view and handle relationships based on their early experiences as infants and children with carers. The unique way people behave with each other in intimate relationships, which is heavily influenced by interpersonal trust and self-worth. Theoretically, a person's degree of attachment security as an adult is directly tied to how well they bonded with people as children. In romantic relationships, attachment patterns are important because they affect how people approach intimacy, communicate their feelings, and resolve disputes. For this study, the sample consists only of individuals who have been in or are presently in a romantic relationship. Fifteen young people, nine of whom were female and six of whom were male and over the age of eighteen, participated in the study. Sampling with purpose was used. Individual semi-structured interviews were done face-to-face as part of the study. Thematic analysis was employed for data analysis. The findings provided a detailed insights into the interactions between many facets of wellbeing and attachment styles, such as communication styles, methods for resolving conflicts, emotional expression, and how emotional deprivation in childhood hinders trust and reciprocity in adulthood.

Key words: Attachment Style Dynamics, Romantic Relationship, Young Adults, Wellbeing, Mental Health
Pengelolaan Sampah Organik Dengan Metode Biopori Melalui Program Kkn-05 Tematik Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Yogyakarta
Authors: Abdulloh Annas , Nizul Elta , Safitri Via , Wahyuni Miftakhul Anfika , Gafiki Nadiva Damar , Andin Apriliana , Syifa Nurus , Dikataudi Adiyat , Ratna Ningrum Tyas Sari
Published: April 2024

Kelurahan Pandeyan, salah satu dari tujuh kelurahan di Kemantren Umbulharjo, memiliki luas wilayah sekitar 118,499 hektar atau sekitar 1,2 kilometer persegi. Terdiri dari 13 RW, 52 RT, dan tujuh kampung: Sidikan, Golo, Pakel, Kalangan, Kebrokan, Pandeyan, dan Gambiran. Pemerintah Kota Yogyakarta telah mengeluarkan Peraturan Daerah Nomor 1 Tahun 2022, mewajibkan semua warga bertanggung jawab terhadap sampah yang dihasilkan. Di wilayah ini, pengelolaan sampah anorganik terjaga melalui bank sampah yang dioperasikan secara rutin. Sampah organik dikelola dengan metode biopori, digunakan sebagai resapan dan pupuk kompos. Kegiatan pengabdian meliputi perencanaan, penyuluhan, dan pelatihan pembuatan Lubang Resapan Biopori (LRB). Sosialisasi biopori melibatkan 45 peserta, termasuk ketua RW dan ketua penanganan sampah dari setiap RW. Materi meliputi metode pengelolaan sampah, jenis sampah rumah tangga, pengelolaan hasil biopori, dan maggot yang dihasilkan. Biopori diisi dengan sampah organik rumah tangga secara berkala, dan lubang biopori yang terisi penuh menunggu beberapa waktu. Hasil dari penimbunan sampah organik dalam biopori adalah kompos yang digunakan sebagai pupuk tanaman. Biopori menjadi solusi inovatif dalam penanganan limbah rumah tangga dan mengatasi penutupan tempat pembuangan akhir sampah di Piayungan selama tiga bulan terakhir. Program ini menciptakan lingkungan yang lebih bersih, sehat, dan berkelanjutan bagi warga Pandeyan dan Kota Yogyakarta secara keseluruhan.
Membangun Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis dan Kemandirian Belajar: Akselerasi Mewujudkan Profil Pelajar Pancasila
Authors: Paraniti Anak Agung Inten , Dina Suciari Ni Komang , Diarta I Made , Hermawan I Made Surya
Published: April 2024

Kurikulum merdeka mendukung paradigma pembelajarn aktif yang berpusat kepada siswa melalui implementasi model-model pembelajaran inovatif. Proses pembelajaran inovatif tersebut dapat membangun keterampilan abad ke-21 seperti berpikir kritis dan kemandirian belajar siswa. Kemandirian belajar dan keterampilan berpikir kritis merupakan hal yang sangat penting dalam dunia pendidikan di Indonesia, sehingga dalam kurikulum merdeka kedua komponen tersebut tertuang ke dalam profil pelajar pancasila. Pengukuran terhadap penguasaan keterampilan berpikir kritis dan kemandirian belajar siswa dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan instrumen keterampilan berpikir kritis dan instrumen kemandirian belajar. Namun demikian, wawasan, pengalaman dan kemampuan guru dalam merancang instrrumen keterampilan berpikir kritis dan kemandirian belajar siswa masih rendah. Oleh karena itu, tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini  adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan guru-guru di SMA Negeri 1 Mengwi dalam menyusun instrumen keterampilan berpikir kritis dan kemandirian belajar siswa SMA. Metode kegiatan berupa sosialisasi dan pelatihan penyusunan instrumen keterampilan berpikir kritis dan kemandirian belajar siswa. Peserta pelatihan ini sebanyak 70 guru-guru di lingkungan SMA Negeri 1 Mengwi, 10 dosen dan 3 mahasiswa di lingkungan program studi pendidikan biologi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar. Kegiatan ini berhasil meningkatkan wawasan guru dalam menyusun instrumen keterampilan berpikir kritis dan kemandirian belajar siswa. Melalui penguasaan penyusunan instrumen guru dapat memetakan dan mengevaluasi pembelejaran secara lebih holistik terhadap kemajuan siswa dalam aspek intelektual dan kreatif.
Sosialisasi dan Pelatihan Pengolahan serta Pemanfaatan Sampah Organik Menjadi Eco-enzyme di Dusun Dendengan
Authors: Luthfiah Tsabita , Lullaeyni Lullaeyni , Husnia Rizka , Alia Silvia
Published: April 2024

Dalam penelitian ini, tujuan utamanya adalah untuk mengembangkan metode pengolahan sampah organik menjadi eco-enzym dengan menggunakan sampah domestik. Eco-enzym adalah ekstrak cair yang terbuat dari sampah organik, seperti buah-buahan dan sayur-sayuran, gula merah, dan air murni. Selain itu, eco-enzym dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif alami pengganti bahan kimia rumah tangga sintetis yang berbahaya. Selain itu, eco-enzym dapat digunakan dalam berbagai kegiatan seperti perawatan tanaman dan perkebunan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi sosialisasi dan demonstrasi, di mana tim pengabdi menjelaskan prosedur pembuatan eco-enzym kepada masyarakat. Langkah-langkah pengolahan sampah organik menjadi eco-enzym meliputi produksi eco-enzym, sosialisasi, demonstrasi, dan evaluasi. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan wawasan dan manfaat sosial dan ekonomi dalam pengolahan sampah organik menjadi eco-enzym. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga diharapkan dapat mendukung pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi pengelolaan sampah yang inovatif.
Meningkatkan dan Menjaga Kesejahteraan Psikologis Guru dan Siswa/Siswi Yayasan Sekolah Tunas Alam Mulia
Authors: Aulizalsini Wahyu , Raihan Raihan , Purnama Graha , Aprilia Regy
Published: April 2024

Yayasan Sekolah Alam Tunas Mulia adalah sekolah yang berlokasi di Jalan Pangkalan II, RT 04 RW 05, Kelurahan Sumur Batu, Kecamatan Bantar Gebang, Kota Bekai merupakan sebuah sekolah tidak jauh dari Tempat Pengelolaan Sampah Terpadu (TPST) dan Tempat Pembungan Akhir (TPA) di Bantar Gebang, bahkan gunungan sampah pun masih dapat terlihat jelas dari halaman utama Sekolah Alam Tunas Mulia. Meskipun demikian, sekolah ini seperti sinar harapan di tengah gunungan sampah karena misi muliannya untuk memberikan pendidikan kepada anak-anak pemulung agar dapat bersekolah dan mengubah nasibnya. Untuk itu kami mendalami tentang kesejahteraan psikologis siswa/siswi sekolah alam tunas mulia. Tujuannya untuk memberikan edukasi mengenai kesejahteraan psikologis kepada guru dan siswa/siswi, meningkatkan kesadaran mengenai pentingnya kesejahteraan psikologis kepada guru dan siswa/siswi dan mengenalkan cara-cara yang bisa dilakukan untuk meningkatkan dan menjaga kesejahteraan psikologis guru dan siswa/siswi Yayasan Sekolah Alam Tunas Mulia. Metode yang digunakan berupa observasi, praktik dan psikoedukasi. Target yang dihasilkan yaitu Guru dan siswa/siswi Yayasan Sekolah Alam Tunas Mulia memahami hal mengenai kesejahteraan psikologis, memahami pentingnya kesejahteraan psikologis serta tahu tentang cara mempraktekkan hal-hal yang bisa dilakukan untuk meningkatkan dan menjaga kesejahteraan psikologis.
Pemanfaatan Panel Surya pada Instalasi Hidroponik
Authors: Sugiarto Catur , Aji Ginanjar Penata , Rifqi Pramidazzura Alifa
Published: April 2024

Telah dilaksanakan sosialisasi tentang pembuatan sistem hidroponik yang menggunakan panel surya di lingkungan Kelurahan Trangsan, Kecamatan Gatak, Kabupaten Sukoharjo, Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Sosialisasi ini bertujuan sebagai upaya mengatasi keterbatasan lahan pertanian di lingkungan dan bentuk pemanfaatan sumber daya alam barupa sinar matahari (sel surya). Tahapan kegiatan meliputi: (1) Perancangan desain instalasi hidroponik dan persiapan alat dan bahan, (2) pelaksanaan penyampaian materi tentang teknologi hidroponik dan cara pembuatannya disertai juga praktik pembuatan instalasi hidroponik menggunakan panel surya, dan (3) evaluasi internal dan eksternal dengan melibatkan masukan serta saran dari warga. Dampak dari kegiatan sosialisasi ini meliputi: peningkatan pengetahuan warga tentang sistem hidroponik, penguasaan keterampilan dalam pembuatan alat hidroponik yang menggunakan panel surya, serta adanya antusiasme positif dari warga terhadap sosialisasi yang telah dilakukan.
Educación 4.0 en la época de pandemia y pospandemia: Retos y oportunidades
Authors: Maldonado Reynoso Norma Patricia , Benítez Pérez Alma Alicia , García Rodríguez Martha Leticia , Cortés Ruiz Jésica Alhelí , Cardoso Espinosa Edgar Oliver , Bustos Farías Eduardo , Rivera García Patricia , Cervantes Sandoval Armando , Aragón García Maribel , Miranda Rodríguez Alejandra , Islas Ayala Nayely , Díaz Torres Maricruz , Zepeda Hurtado María Elena , Quiroz Animas Cinthia , López Olivares María Fernanda , Mendoza González Ernesto Gerardo , Pérez Pérez Humberto , Hernández González Claudia , Poveda Fernández William Enrique
Published: April 2024

Si bien la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) declaró el fin de la emergencia internacional de salud en el año 2023, en el ámbito educativo las y los docentes tuvimos que regresar a las aulas previo a esa fecha. Esto se llevó a cabo generalmente en periodos escalonados e híbridos, después de haber mantenido casi por dos años el cierre de las clases presenciales en las instituciones educativas. Esta situación nos expuso a una multiplicidad de escenarios y experiencias educativas, algunas de las cuales se recogen en esta obra. En este libro —titulado “Educación 4.0 en la época de pandemia y pospandemia: Retos y oportunidades”—, elaborado mediante la colaboración de destacados investigadores, se documentan esas lecciones, aprendizajes y desafíos que emanan del trabajo realizado en instituciones de educación superior a partir del uso generalizado de tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC), las cuales fueron de gran apoyo para llevar a cabo una súbita migración de la modalidad de educación presencial a la remota, a fin de garantizar la continuidad académica durante y después de la pandemia por COVID-19. Esta obra está dirigida a docentes y actores involucrados en los procesos educativos, pues no es conveniente dar vuelta a la hoja y retomar las antiguas prácticas presenciales y tradicionales después de todo el aprendizaje acumulado que se gestó durante esta etapa de contingencia, sino que estas experiencias nos conduzcan hacia escenarios de la educación 4.0, indispensable para la conformación de ciudadanos del México del siglo XXI.
CORRELATION OF Ki-67 CELL PROLIFERATION MARKER EXPRESSION WITH AGE, SEX, DISEASE STAGE, AND TUMOR DIFFERENTIATION IN GASTRIC CANCER
Authors: Komekbay Zh. , Temirova G.
Published: April 2024

Relevance: Gastric cancer continues to lead the cancer incidence structure. One of the directions of a comprehensive plan to reduce the incidence of malignant neoplasms is the development a highly efficient early diagnostics based on the relationship between the expression of the cell proliferation marker Ki-67 in gastric cancer with age, sex, stage of the disease and the degree of tumor differentiation according to immunohistochemical analysis.

The study aimed to study the relationship between the expression of the Ki-67 marker in gastric cancer and age, sex, stage of the disease, and the degree of tumor differentiation.

Methods: The research design is a comparative descriptive study. For the study, surgical material was used from 109 patients with gastric cancer stages 0-IIIC, obtained during gastric cancer operations from the pathology department of the West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University (WKMOMU) Medical Center from 2021 to 2022. Histological and immunohistochemical studies were conducted at the morphological laboratory of the Department of Histology of WKMOMU. The obtained data was statistically processed.

Results: The present study showed a significant statistical correlation between the Ki-67 level and the histopathological grade of gastric cancer (p=0.039).

The indicators such as ‘pTNM stage’ (p=0.894), ‘Age’ (p=0.664), ‘Sex (F – 1, M – 2)’ (p=0.928), and ‘Tumor localization (cardiac – 1, body – 2, antral and pyloric – 3)’ (p=0.866) did not statistically significantly correlated with the Ki-67 expression level.

Conclusion: The relationship between Ki-67 expression and histopathological grade (p=0.039) in gastric cancer helps identify patients with aggressive tumors that require adjuvant therapy.
RECONSTRUCTION OF A PHARYNGEAL DEFECT IN THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF LOCALLY ADVANCED LARYNGOPHARYNGEAL CANCER: LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Akhmedin D. , Kukanova A. , Bekisheva A. , Dzhantemirova N. , Mauletbayev M. , Makishev A.
Published: April 2024

Relevance: In 2022, 370 new cases of newly diagnosed patients with laryngeal cancer and 151 with laryngopharyngeal cancer were registered in the Republic of Kazakhstan, of which 12.1% of laryngeal cancer at stage IV of the disease and 18.9% of laryngeal cancer. The one–year mortality rate for laryngopharyngeal lesions was 40.5%, the ratio between one-year mortality and neglect (stage IV) was 2.3%. For T3-4 laryngopharyngeal cancer, today the only operation of choice is circular resection of the laryngopharynx with laryngectomy and the formation of stomas on the neck. The prospect of disability of patients – the formation of pharyngostomy, esophagostomy, tracheostomy, constant salivation, the need for probe nutrition, etc., causes irreparable psychological damage to the patient’s personality. In this regard, the problem of pharyngeal and laryngopharyngeal reconstruction in cancer patients becomes extremely important not only as a stage of rehabilitation, but also as a necessary element in terms of antitumor treatment of this complex category of patients.

The study aimed to assessment of the significance of pharyngeal defect reconstruction in the surgical treatment of laryngopharyngeal cancer in order to improve the rehabilitation of cancer patients and optimize antitumor treatment.

Methods: Scientific publications were searched in the following databases: PubMed, Medline, eLibrary, Cochrane Lab, using the scientific search engine Google Scholar. Criteria for inclusion of publications in the literary review: publications in Russian and English; publications included in the PubMed, Medline, e-Library databases; publications with clearly formulated conclusions; publications over the past 10 years. Criteria for excluding publications in the literary review: summaries, reports; articles with paid access; abstracts. A total of 82 sources were found, and 8 sources were included in the analysis.

Results: The analysis of the world literature made it possible to widely consider the possibility of performing reconstructive plastic surgery using visceral autografts at the stage of surgical treatment of patients with pharyngeal edema. At the same time, the literature describes significant reductions in the duration of rehabilitation and improvement of the quality of life of patients, as well as a decrease in the level of disability of operated patients.

Conclusion: Primary plasty of defects that occur after surgical treatment of laryngopharyngeal cancer, using local tissues, displaced and free flaps, is undoubtedly the most appropriate way to speed up the rehabilitation of patients and improve the quality of life in the shortest possible time.