bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimentally investigated “CoronaDerm-PS”-driven SARS-CoV-2-specific cellular immunity and safety
Authors: Savin T. V. , Kopat V. V. , Riabchenkova A. A. , Chirak E. L. , Chirak E. R. , Saenko A. I. , Dukhovlinov I. V. , Sysoeva G. M. , Gamaley S. G. , Shimina G. G. , Taranov O. S. , Danilenko E. D. , Simbirtsev A. S. , Totolian A. A.
Published: August 2024

Novel coronavirus disease 2019, caused by the SARS-CoV-2, initiate humoral and cellular immune responses against diverse virus antigens. The assessment of SARS-CoV-2-specific is mainly carried out in routine practice by determining specific immunoglobulins. However, high variability in S-protein structure in new genovariants of SARS-CoV-2 virus and the lack of correlation between specific antibodies and CD8+ T-lymphocytes underlie false negative responses, and mass assessment of cellular immunity is complicated due to the complexity of applying ELISPOT and cytofluorometry techniques. To solve this issue, a diagnostic method was developed for assessing SARS-CoV-2-specific cellular immune response, which is based on a skin test followed by evaluating a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction involving antigen-specific memory T-lymphocytes. A diagnostic preparation CoronaDerm-PS is based on Cord_PS, which is a hybrid recombinant protein consisting of parts of the SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins S, M, N, E. The specific activity of this chimeric antigen was analyzed in cultured T-lymphocyte activation test by assessing interferon-γ production using cytofluorometry. To investigate the chimeric antigen specific activity, a preclinical safety study with CoronaDerm-PS preparation in experimental animals was conducted. A dose-dependent developing skin reaction was observed in 90–100% of guinea pigs vaccinated by EpiVacCorona, CoviVac, Gam-COVID-Vac, which confirms a potential for assessing post-vaccination cellular immunity using CoronaDerm-PS preparation. Upon this, the presence of functionally active T-cell-antigenic epitopes in the recombinant polypeptide allows to evaluate SARS-CoV-2-specific response illustrated by detected response after Gam-COVID-Vac (S-protein) and EpiVacCorona (N-protein) vaccination. Thus, a skin test based on CoronaDerm-PS preparation may be a promising diagnostic tool for rapid mass screening requiring no specialized laboratory equipment for assessing populational SARS-CoV-2-specific immunity. Such a test is distinguished by advantages such as ease of analysis, high specificity and sensitivity. The final decision-making on using this test in a real-world practice may achieved after conducting further clinical safety and effectiveness trials.
Forecasting infection fatality rate of COVID-19: measuring the efficiency of several hybrid models
Authors: Seba D. , Belaide K.
Published: August 2024

The main goal of this paper is to delve into a crucial epidemiological metric the daily infection fatality rate in the context of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The significance of understanding this metric lies in its potential to provide insights into the severity and impact of the virus on a daily basis. Methods: To achieve this overarching objective, we employ a comprehensive approach by applying various hybrid models that hybridize both machine learning and statistical techniques. In our pursuit of a deeper understanding, we leverage advanced machine learning algorithms, including Support Vector Machine and Random Forest. These techniques allow us to capture intricate patterns and relationships within the data, contributing to a more nuanced analysis of the infection fatality rate. The application of machine-learning models in epidemiological studies has gained prominence due to their ability to adapt to complex and evolving patterns inherent in infectious disease dynamics. Complementing our machine-learning arsenal, we integrate traditional statistical models such as ARIMA (AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average), fractional ARIMA, and BATS (Bayesian Structural Time Series). Results. To assess the performance of these models, we employ key evaluation metrics, including Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Squared Error (MSE), and Mean Absolute Error (MAE). These metrics serve as critical benchmarks, allowing us to quantify the accuracy and reliability of our models in predicting the daily infection fatality rate. A meticulous evaluation of model performance is crucial for ensuring the validity and of our findings. According to these measures, we see that hybrid models performed well especially ARIMA-RF model RMSE: 0.29, MSE: 0.084, MAE: 0.215 for the horizon 60 and for horizon 120 ARIMA-RF still the best performance, RMSE: 0.268, MSE: 0.071, MAE: 0.183, we get these results due to the capacity of this approach to handle complex patterns contrarily to other model ARIMA, BATS, RF and SVM. Conclusion. This work adopted this approach in order to build a model to predict infection fatality rate, we aspire to provide a nuanced understanding of the factors influencing the severity of the virus, ultimately contributing to the ongoing discourse on effective public health interventions and mitigation strategies.
Molecular genetic characterization of hepatitis B virus in blood donors from South Vietnam
Authors: Ostankova Yu. V. , Huynh H.K.T. , Serikova E. N. , Schemelev A. N. , Reingardt D. E. , Davydenko V. S. , Totolian A. A.
Published: August 2024

The problem of transfusion safety preventing parenteral viral hepatitis transmission remains relevant. Viral hepatitis B (HB) is the most common viral infection transmitted through transfusion procedures. One of the natural phases of a chronic viral hepatitis B (CHB) course is occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) characterized by undetectable HBsAg level (regardless of other serological marker levels) along with detected hepatic HBV DNA as well as blood viral load ranging from extremely low to undetectable. In Vietnam, prevention of transfusion-based HBV transmission is focused on donor screening; it is still based solely on HBsAg serology. As such, OBI remains a potential threat to blood transfusion safety. Assessing hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA is a reliable preventive measure against HBV transmission from HBsAg– donors, especially in highly endemic regions. The aim of our work was HBV identification and molecular genetic characterization in blood donors from South Vietnam. The study material was presented by 500 donor serum samples. Subjects were examined for HBV markers with qualitative detection of HBsAg, HBs IgG, and HBcore IgG. Amplification and subsequent HBV sequencing were performed using nested PCR with overlapping primer pairs jointly flanking the complete HBV genome (S, P, C, X genes). Full-size HBV genome nucleotide sequences were obtained for 58 samples. Among blood donors, taking into account HBsAg+ and HBsAg– samples, HBV DNA was detected in 11.6%, including 8.6% OBI. HBV phylogenetic analysis showed genotypes B and C. Vaccine escape mutations and mutations that contribute to disease progression were identified. Current screening in Vietnam is insufficient for eliminating the risk of transfusion-transmitted HBV infection. The major risk factor is OBI. PCR testing for HBV should be considered for blood donor screening.
Polyallylamine antiviral activity against influenza and acute respiratory viral infection in various cell cultures
Authors: Kontarov N. A. , Bahromeeva A. A. , Dolgova E. I. , Pogarskyia I. V. , Kontarova E. O. , Juminova N. V.
Published: August 2024

Acute respiratory viral infections, including influenza, comprise the most common group of seasonal viral infections. Influenza is the most common and dangerous viral infection. The only way to control it is influenza vaccination. Regarding infections caused by parainfluenza and respiratory syncytial virus, only symptomatic treatment is available. Influenza virus quickly bypasses post-vaccination immunity due to its ability to antigenic drift and genetic reassortment. Available antiviral drugs quickly lose effectiveness, especially in relation to highly contagious influenza virus strains. The aim of the study was to create chemotherapeutic agent with a multi-layered effect on all viral structures: surface proteins, lipid membrane and ribonucleoprotein. Such drugs include polyelectrolytes (PE), particularly, polyallylamine (PAA), which showed strong virus-inhibiting effect in combination with low cytotoxicity against several influenza strains in MDCK cell culture and as well as measles virus in Vero cell culture. Materials and methods. In this work, an extended study on PAA antiviral activity and cytotoxicity was carried out using three influenza virus strains in A549 cell line, parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV-3) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in A549, HEp-2, Vero, L-41, MA-104 cell lines. Results. It was shown that influenza and RSV were the most sensitive to PAA,so that virus activity decreased by 3 orders of magnitude in human lung carcinoma cells A549. The lowest antiviral activity was registered in Vero cells, which may be because it lacks interferon production system. Based on the results of in vitro experiments, PAA can be considered as a broad-spectrum antiviral drug not only against influenza, but also other human respiratory viruses.
Quantitatively assessed blood leukocyte Epstein–Barr virus in adult HIV-infected patients
Authors: Popkova M. I. , Filatova E. N. , Minaeva S. V. , Neumoina N. V. , Perfilova K. M. , Utkin O. V.
Published: August 2024

Coinfection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) represents a current biomedical problem. The purpose of the study was to evaluate blood leukocyte EBV detection rate and viral load in adult HIV-infected patients. Materials and methods. There were examined blood leukocytes collected from 138 HIV(+) and 68 HIV(–) individuals aged 20–69 years. Statistical analysis was carried out differentiated according to the stages of HIV infection, the CD4+ T-lymphocyte count, and adherence to antiretroviral therapy. Results. It was shown that EBV DNA was detected significantly more often in HIV(+) vs HIV(–) individuals (70.3±3.9% and 48.5±6.1%, p = 0.008), with EBV viral load comprising 18 [5; 139] versus 2 [1; 3] copies/105 cells (р 0.001), respectively. It has been shown that the group of HIV(+) patients is heterogeneous in the frequency of EBV detection and viral load, with the peak EBV frequency (86.7±6.2%) and DNA (121 [34; 252] copies/105 cells) level observed in “naive” patients with severe immunodeficiency. Among “experienced” patients receiving therapy, the relative risk of detecting EBV DNA with low treatment adherence was significantly higher compared to those who developed high adherence (р 0.05). When the HIV viral load reached undetectable level, EBV DNA concentration was significantly lower where HIV RNA was detectable (1 [0; 8] versus 15 [1; 162] copies/105 cells, р 0.001). Detection of EBV DNA is associated with higher HIV viral load level and lower CD4+ T-lymphocyte count compared to patients with undetected EBV DNA. A relationship has been established between the CD4+ T-lymphocyte count in HIV(+) patients and the likelihood of active EBV infection. A threshold cut-off of 200 cells/μl was determined. CD4+ T-lymphocyte count 200 cells/μl vs ≥ 200 cells/μl (р 0.001) is associated with a 3.3-fold higher risk of detecting active EBV infection. Conclusion. It is necessary to continue interdisciplinary research to improve early diagnostics of EBV-associated diseases in HIV-infected individuals.
Microscale insights into enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation in rock-based microfluidic chips
Authors: Xiao Yang , Zhao Chang , Cui Hao , Chen Yanbo , Wu Bingyang , Liu Hanlong
Published: August 2024

Biomineralisation technology shows promise for sealing subsurface fractures, but understanding its microscale mechanisms in real rock fractures remains incomplete. In this study, a microfluidic chip incorporating real rock slices was utilised to conduct enzymatically induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) experiments using a one-phase continuous injection strategy. Real-time observations revealed grey flocs forming and clustering into aggregates susceptible to transport by flow. Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) crystals that formed on rock and polydimethylsiloxane surfaces effectively filled and bridged fractures, leading to a significant pressure drop. Rough surfaces can provide additional sites for solute attachment and heterogeneous nucleation of calcium carbonate. High velocities and small apertures generally promoted floc formation and reduced crystal growth. Precipitation content gradually increased with a decreasing rate. Lower estimated precipitation efficiency was obtained in smaller, high-flow fractures. Precipitates on rock interfaces induced eddies and significant pressure drops within narrow pore throats. Crystal growth displayed a two-stage development: an initial increase followed by a decrease, varying across different facets (the surfaces or orientations of the growing crystals). Growth competition will occur when two or more neighbouring crystals come into contact with diverse grain orientations. The findings provide valuable microscale insights into microscale processes governing EICP within real rock fractures, contributing to evaluation of its efficacy in subsurface fracture sealing applications.
A conceptual framework for reframing artisanal and small-scale mining: understanding characterization of artisanal and small-scale mining in South Africa
Authors: Chuma M. , Field T.-L. , Mutemeri N.
Published: August 2024

The categorization of artisanal and small-scale mining has a significant impact on perception and understanding of the sector, particularly from a livelihood perspective. Several developing countries classify different types of artisanal and small-scale mining based on legal status. Given the nature such activities, the tragedy of the commons theory has been applied to understand the inevitable environmental, economic, sociocultural, safety, and health negative externalities - which are products of informality and illegality. Consequently, formalization is a panacea to sustainability. This article aims to offer a conceptual organization and foundational knowledge for characterization of artisanal and small-scale mining. It seeks to identify existing literature on the subject to avoid replication and acknowledge other scholars. Moreover, the article aims to place the study within the context of existing literature, establishing relationships with other studies and why the research is necessary. This paper pinpoints gaps left from other studies in so far as the characterization of artisanal and small-scale mining is concerned. Thus, reviewing literature abetted in finding similarities and differences on how artisanal and small-scale mining is defined from a scholarly and legal basis. The paper ascertains major claims made by earlier research on this topic, such as environmental impacts, the lack of adequate regulatory framework, and presents querying and probing questions lacking from other studies.
DEMATEL and ISM analysis of factors influencing coal spontaneous combustion in longwall gobs
Authors: Zhou L. , Wang J. , Dai G. , Tang M. , Qiu J.
Published: August 2024

Coal spontaneous combustion in longwall gobs is a major concern in coal mines. In comparison to other hazards, this phenomenon is difficult to detect. Fifteen factors influencing coal spontaneous combustion in longwall gobs were identified from the literature. The logical relationships between these factors were evaluated and quantified by decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) and interpretive structural modelling (ISM) methods. A four-level hierarchical structure model was established. The research shows that combining DEMATEL and ISM can reveal the key factors that influence coal spontaneous combustion in longwall gobs and establish the interactions and relationships among these factors. The results can provide the basis for preventing and controlling coal spontaneous combustion in longwall gobs.
Perspectives for the evaluation of livestock sustainability: A case study in the Caribbean region of Colombia
Authors: Silva-Téllez Juan Manuel , Sastoque-Vargas Juan José , Parra-Cortés Rosa Inés , Amaya-Martínez Adonai Alejandro , Tucuch-Haas Jorge Ismael , Franco-Ortega Julio Alejandro
Published: August 2024

En el presente se hacen cuestionamientos en torno a la sostenibilidad de las actividades humanas incluida la ganadería. En consecuencia, se propone para superar los niveles de sostenibilidad de las actividades ganaderas evaluar su desempeño técnico, económico, social y ambiental. El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar el nivel de sostenibilidad de un sistema de producción bovino, en la región caribe de Colombia. La evaluación de la sostenibilidad del estudio consideró la implementación del método “Evaluación de la sostenibilidad de los sistemas alimentarios y agrícolas” conocido como SAFA, por sus siglas en inglés. La recopilación de información incluyó visitas de campo y entrevistas a informantes clave; asimismo, se empleó el software SAFA Tool versión 2.2.40. Los resultados obtenidos en este trabajo sugieren que la mejora en la organización y comunicación de empresas ganaderas favorece al buen desempeño de los indicadores de sostenibilidad. De igual manera, se observaron resultados sobresalientes en aspectos de sostenibilidad ambiental asociados a principios de conservación de la agrobiodiversidad. No obstante, existen limitaciones para la evaluación de la sostenibilidad en sistemas ganaderos por dificultades en la gestión de la información. Por otra parte, se destaca que, a partir de los resultados de este estudio, se contribuye con evidencias en torno a las ventajas de los sistemas silvopastoriles basados en recursos locales. Finalmente, se sugiere fomentar modelos de producción sostenible en Colombia y otras regiones de América Latina.
Естественный закон и естественное право
Authors: Пономарева Мария Андреевна
Published: August 2024

Исследование посвящено различию в употреблениях понятий «естественный закон» (lex naturalis / loi naturelle) и «естественное право» (ius naturale / droit naturel) в работах придворных интеллектуалов Карла V Мудрого. Указанное различие складывается не только в связи с тем, что благодаря королевской культурной политике в 1360–1370-х гг. возникает множество переводов классических сочинений с латинского на французский язык, но и потому, что при королевском дворе и в королевском Совете складываются несколько групп. Среди них историками выделено противостояние богословов (выходцев с богословского факультета) и юристов, наследующих легистам Филиппа IV Мудрого. Суть различия их программ можно проследить в том числе через различие в обращении с самым общим понятием, понятием природы. Так, на примере сочинений Николая Орема показано, что для него закон природы является неизменным источником знания о том, как должен быть устроен политический закон. С другой стороны, на материале «Сна садовника» показано, что в юридическом лагере не используются связки «закон природы / естественный закон», но используется понятие естественного права, которое сближается с всеобщим правом. Наконец, различие взглядов Орема и составителя «Сна садовника» проявляется в том, как они трактуют понятие состояния невинности — времени человеческой истории, когда не существовало позитивного права.
Я как субъект познания
Authors: Рябушкина Татьяна Михайловна
Published: August 2024

В статье представлен подход к исследованию субъективности как условия возможности сознательного опыта, не допускающий, с одной стороны, объективации субъекта познания, рассмотрения его в качестве вещи среди других вещей сознаваемого мира, а с другой — его формализации и элиминации. В трансцендентализме И. Канта и в трансцендентальной феноменологии Э. Гуссерля Я как условие возможности опыта оказывается за пределами опыта. Попыткой феноменологии усмотреть в субъективности конкретное, содержательное основание опыта и при этом учесть ее трансцендентальный характер является разработка идеи «воплощенности» субъекта (поздний Гуссерль, М. Мерло-Понти и др.). На этом пути удается избежать превращения субъекта во внутримирное сущее, однако полагание телесности субъективности означает ее фактичность, т.е. мыслимость наряду с ней иных форм субъективности, обусловливающих иные смысловые миры с иными законами, что возвращает от трансцендентализма к догматизму. Переосмысление автором субъективности на основе реформированного трансцендентального метода, не предполагающего априоризм, позволяет не допустить, с одной стороны, фактичности трансцендентального субъекта, а с другой — его элиминации, и обосновать возможность исследования его как содержательной основы индивидуального сознательного опыта, как условия возможности познания самого себя и иного.
Неотменимость сомнения
Authors: Осминская Наталия Александровна , Рахманкулов Эмиль Булатович
Published: August 2024

Настоящая статья открывает серию публикаций первого русского перевода латиноязычного трактата Джорджа Дальгарно «Искусство знаков», опубликованного в 1661 году. В своем трактате Дальгарно представляет первый полностью разработанный проект по созданию искусственного философского языка, основанного на рациональных началах и органично сочетающего в себе разработанную систему универсальной письменности в виде т.н. «реальных характеров» и фонетическую форму вербального языка. В статье прослеживается становление замысла Дальгарно от усовершенствованной системы скорописи до проекта полноценного философского языка, который должен был служить универсальным средством международного общения и одновременно способствовать реформе образования. Особое внимание в статье уделяется логическому обоснованию рациональной грамматики Дальгарно, в связи с чем проводится сравнительный анализ лингвистического учения Дальгарно с «Всеобщей и рациональной грамматикой» и «Логикой» Пор-Рояля. В статье показано, как в своей теории Дальгарно изменяет аристотелевскую категориальную схему и классическую теорию частей речи, сводя категориальный ряд к единому роду сущего и признавая в качестве основной части речи только имя существительное. Авторы приходят к выводу, что в своем намерении осуществить реформу логики в духе рамизма Дальгарно одновременно ориентировался на рационалистическую и эмпирическую тенденции в философии Нового времени, что во многом определило оригинальность его логического и лингвистического учения и оказало влияние на лейбницевский проект универсальной характеристики.
Применение отраслевых принципов международного экологического права для системного толкования норм экономических и экологических соглашений
Authors: Абатурова Варвара Александровна
Published: August 2024

В последнее время отмечается динамический рост числа заключаемых международных договоров, регулирующих взаимосвязанные международные экологические и экономические отношения. Так, практика Международного Суда, Органа по разрешению споров ВТО, Международного трибунала по морскому праву показывает, что дела, касающиеся экологических вопросов, тем или иным образом связаны с международными экономическими отношениями. Этот факт подтверждает взаимосвязанность экономических и экологических государственных интересов. Значит, разрешение споров без учета этих групп интересов становится невозможным. Стоит отметить, что именно системное толкование можно рассматривать как один из юридических механизмов приведения в действие концепции устойчивого развития. Исходя из идейного содержания системной интеграции, в настоящей статье на основе доктринальных исследований и практики международных судебных учреждений проанализирована эффективность использования четырех отраслевых принципов международного экологического права в рамках системного толкования в пяти межгосударственных разбирательствах. Поскольку, несмотря на свой отраслевой характер, эти экологические принципы приобрели характер международного обычая, они являются нормой по смыслу пункта 3(с) статьи 31 Венской конвенции о праве международных договоров 1969 года, которая, в свою очередь, может быть применима к толкованию международных договоров, регламентирующих межгосударственные экономические отношения.
Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction and Vertebral Artery Dissection Presenting as Positional Headache
Authors: Lee Jung Hyun , Lee Jiyun , Choi Hye Sun , Choi Hwajin , Chu Min Kyung
Published: August 2024

Positional headache refers to a headache that worsens or improves with changes in posture. It is often secondary in nature, associated with various pathologies that may have serious consequences if left undiagnosed or untreated. The authors report a patient who complained of severe positional headache and was diagnosed with concurrent reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome and vertebral artery dissection, thus highlighting the importance of considering such conditions in a patient with postural headaches.
Central Nervous System Infection with Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: Hong Seulgi , Han Soo-min , Kim Min-Ji , Choi Seung-Jun , Jeong Joonho , Jeong Joseph , Yang Hui-Jun
Published: August 2024

Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) infections are being increasingly reported globally, and cause severe central nervous system (CNS) and multiorgan infections even in immunocompetent individuals. The recent emergence of hvKp antibiotic resistance has generated escalating concern about effective infection control for this potentially neuroinvasive pathogen. Herein, we report two cases of Klebsiella pneumoniae-related CNS infection, including one patient with antimicrobial-resistant hvKp, confirmed by string test that demonstrated a hypermucoviscous phenotype.
Multifocal Intracranial Stenosis and Thunderclap Headache in a Patient with Heterozygous MFAP5 Mutation for Familial Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection
Authors: Ha Jiyeon , Kang SengMuk , Yang Boyeon , Lee Seung-Hoon
Published: August 2024

Recent investigations on familial thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (TAAD) identified several genetic variants. Meanwhile, intracranial vasculopathy in familial TAAD has been scarcely reported. We report a case of a young man with Marfanoid habitus and familial TAAD carrying MFAP5, c.472C>T variant. He presented with recurrent thunderclap headache and multifocal intracranial vasculopathy, which is predominantly suggestive of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome. While the role of MFAP5 in vasculopathy requires clarification, we propose its haploinsufficiency may contribute to both TAAD and intracranial stenosis, highlighting a potential risk of cerebrovascular disease in familial TAAD.
Will ChatGPT be Useful for Korean Neurologists in Clinical Practice?
Authors: Ko Pan-Woo
Published: August 2024

Background: Since the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI), such as ChatGPT, there has been extensive research on its utility in the medical field. This study evaluates the potential of utilizing the ChatGPT AI platform to provide specialized advice to Korean neurologists.Methods: Through a multifaceted approach, it assesses both the knowledge and practical clinical utility using neurology training evaluation questions and clinical case reports.Results: The accuracy of ChatGPT in answering medical exam questions (45.1%) is comparable to or slightly lower than previous studies. The study also examines performance of ChatGPT in providing advice based on clinical case reports, finding that while it can offer suitable diagnostic suggestions and propose relevant tests in some cases (8/12), its overall diagnostic accuracy is limited (2/12). Limitations include the platform’s text-based nature, which hinders the interpretation of image-based questions, and the uneven distribution of case reports across subfields.Conclusions: Despite these limitations, ongoing advancements in AI technology offer prospects for improved performance and expanded applications in the medical field, warranting continued research and monitoring of AI’s role in medicine.
Endocytosis and internalization assay in primary neuronal culture v1
Authors: Sokratian Arpine , west andrew.west
Published: August 2024

This protocol outlines a method for quantifying endocytosis in primary neuronal cultures, specifically focusing on different a-synuclein fibril structures. By utilizing pH-sensitive dye conjugated to experimental proteins/fibrils, we can identify endocytosis pathways and analyze intensity changes in the pHrodo-specific channel from real-time acquired images at various time points.
Chemiluminescence-enhanced ELISA measurements for α-Synuclein fibrils v1
Authors: Sokratian Arpine
Published: August 2024

This protocol is optimized The BioLegend LEGEND MAX‱ α-Synuclein Aggregate ELISA Kit in a 96-well strip plate precoated with rat monoclonal anti-α-synuclein aggregate antibody. We use in-house a-syn fibrils and monomeric protein as a control. We use ELISA to detect a-syn fibril levels in neuronal lysates after 14 days of fibril-treatment.
Preparation of primary hippocampal neurons v1
Authors: Sokratian Arpine , not provided yuan.yuan , west andrew.west
Published: August 2024

This protocol details preparation of the primary hippocampal neuron culture. The protocol involves extraction ofdissecting hippocampi from rodent embryos P1 from nTg or transgenic mice, enzymatic digestion to dissociate cells, and seeding onto poly-D-lysine-coated dishes.
Slot-blot analysis of recombinant α-synuclein fibrils v1
Authors: Sokratian Arpine
Published: August 2024

This protocol aims to provide an accurate analysis of aggregated species of α-synuclein. The method involves the immunoblotting of protein samples via low vacuum-induced filtration, followed by the blocking of the membrane and the attachment of antibodies specific to the protein. The procedure is designed to visualize the protein of interest in a slot-blot manner, which is suitable for intensity calculations. A critical aspect of this protocol is the correct setup of the slot-blot instrument to ensure equivalent vacuum pressure in each well of a 48-well setup. This step is crucial to guarantee the reproducibility and reliability of the results. The protocol is used to visualize and calculate the α-synuclein fibrils from cell tissues or those that are recombinantly expressed. Notably, the proteins are not denatured during the process, allowing for their capture in a physiological state
Hybrid reliability analysis method for systems with random and non-parameterized p-boxes based on weight coefficients
Authors: Ye Yan , Xiong Cenbo , Ma Biao , Zhou Qinghua , Yu Liang
Published: August 2024

This paper establishes a hybrid variable system failure probability optimization model based on sampling methods and weighting coefficients. By introducing auxiliary input variables, important sampling functions, and p-box, failure samples are mapped from the random variable space to the p-box variable space. The new weight coefficients are constructed, including important sampling weights and interval weights. Combining discretization methods and Monte Carlo simulation (MCS), the interval weights are transformed into variables, and constraints conforming to the p-box variable distribution are constructed. After calculating the weighting coefficients for all failure samples, the new failure probability optimization model is built. This model is independent of the performance functions and does not involve cyclic optimization, with computational complexity only related to the dimensions. Six cases are used for method comparison, validating that the new method exhibits higher efficiency and accuracy.
Research on maintenance decision-making approach based on dynamic opportunistic window
Authors: Baoshan Zhang , Guo Jilian , Zhou Zhangwen , Wang Xuan , Liu Xiaoxin
Published: August 2024

We have developed a maintenance decision-making approach based on the dynamic opportunistic window, utilizing algorithms such as k-mean clustering, expected maximum, and parameter estimation to address the lack of a reasonable basis for the duration and divided number of opportunistic windows in current maintenance decision-making. Firstly, we have comprehensively summarized the multi-stage opportunistic maintenance decision-making approach, focusing on its current strengths and limitations. Secondly, the modeling concept of the dynamic opportunistic window is analyzed, and the underlying assumptions are established. Furthermore, it elaborates on the theoretical foundation of the proposed approach through a detailed modeling process. Finally, we validate the proposed model by conducting experiments on tandem components from the main combustion chamber in an aero engine. The experimental results demonstrate the significant value of the proposed approach in enhancing equipment reliability and optimizing maintenance support resources.
The role of human papillomavirus in laryngeal cancer and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis: epidemiological and clinical aspects
Authors: Kholopov D. V. , Lyalina L. V. , Topuzov E. Е. , Alekseeva D. A.
Published: August 2024

In the recent decade, the number of laryngeal cancer cases increased worldwide by 23 %. Currently, laryngeal cancer morbidity and associated mortality do not show statistically significant trends toward a decrease. The main risk factors for laryngeal carcinoma are smoking, alcohol consumption, human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, recurrent respiratory papillomatosis, and genetic predisposition.

Aim. To evaluate the incidence and role of HPV in etiology and clinical course of laryngeal cancer and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis.

Analysis of the available literature sources published in the Medline, Pubmed, and eLibrary databases was performed. The review is based on 59 of 584 identified scientific studies. Frequency of HPV detection in laryngeal cancer tumor tissue varies and is associated with the studied country’s geographical location. The incidence of these viruses in tumor tissue varies between 2.7 and 62.6 %. Genotype 16 human papilloma virus is more common in women between the ages of 31 and 40 years and is mostly located near the glottic aperture. Genotype 6 and 11 human papilloma viruses promote development of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis of the larynx and are detected in 0–87.5 % of cases. It is noted that in patients with HPV-positive neoplasms of the larynx, better response to radiation therapy and higher survival rates are observed compared to patients without the virus. In countries where national programs of vaccination against HPV infection have been implemented, a significant decrease in the incidence of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis is observed.

The incidence of HPV in laryngeal cancer and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis varies. The role of these viruses in carcinogenesis has not yet been fully understood. Clinical course of HPV-associated laryngeal carcinoma is more favorable than HPV-free laryngeal carcinoma, however, this statement requires further confirmation. Evaluation of the results of programs of vaccination against HPV and their effect on recurrent respiratory papillomatosis and laryngeal cancer morbidity is important.
Observation and treatment of patients with progressive metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer after establishment of radioiodine refractoriness
Authors: Borodavina E. V. , Kutukova S.  I. , Shurinov A. Yu. , Vasil’eva E. B. , Guz A. O. , Grishkevich I. V. , Karateeva S. D. , Shakhmatova A. R. , Slobodyanskiy R. S. , Romanchuk O. V. , Mukhitova M. R. , Karpovich M. P. , Dmitriev S. P. , Saypeeva O. S. , Tolpeykina K. A. , Tolstov S. S. , Makarova A. V. , Tyugina Ya. A. , Ovchinnikova E. G.
Published: August 2024

Differentiated thyroid cancer is one of the most common malignant diseases of the endocrine system. Usually, it responds well to the standard treatment (surgery + radioiodine therapy), especially at early stages. During both treatment and dynamic observation, distant metastases are detected in 10–15 % of patients. In these cases, the patients continue treatment with radioactive iodine. If tumor cells have insufficient ability to capture and retain 131I or completely lose this ability, the effect of radioiodine therapy becomes limited and the disease progresses during therapy which leads to 5–10 % decrease in 10-year survival. The main problem in treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer is communication between radiologists in centers performing radioiodine therapy and clinical oncologists performing surgeries and observation at patient’s place of residence. For both specialists, the main goal is to identify clinical situations where early and effective treatment intervention can be beneficial without the risk of overdiagnosis and excessive treatment.

The article considers common questions arising during multidisciplinary interactions with radiologists of radioiodine centers and presents concise guidelines on the observation and treatment procedures for patients with differentiated thyroid cancer.
Peculiarities of Legal Relations in Genomics
Authors: Puchkov O. A.
Published: August 2024

The intertwining of technological manipulations of the human genome with other contemporary developments in biological science, medicine and law results in the need for adequate legal regulation of these areas. The article considers the development of legal relations in genomics within a humanistic biosocial and political-legal framework. Genomic legal relations are shown to gradually acquire a norm-referenced nature inherent in the present stage of biosocial development. Important current questions in humanistic thought include freedom of choice, protection of human dignity, and the development of awareness in the use of modern medical achievements. Due to the need to consider biomedical technologies, including cloning, the use of stem cells, euthanasia, and genetic profile of a person, contemporary biojurisprudence is fast becoming a cutting-edge field in the development of legal understanding.
Body dissatisfaction and associated factors in normal weight adolescents
Authors: Pogodina Anna V. , Astakhova Tatyana A. , Lebedeva Ludmila N. , Rychkova Lyubov V.
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND: Body dissatisfaction is widespread and is associated with eating disorders, anxiety, depression, low self-esteem. There is very little research on body dissatisfaction in normal weight adolescents, who make up the majority of all adolescents.
AIM: to establish the prevalence, degree, direction and factors associated with body dissatisfaction among adolescents with normal body weight.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included tenth-graders of general education schools (n = 244, 64.3% girls), who underwent anthropometry and filled out questionnaires that included socio-demographic and lifestyle factors. Collins scales were used to assess body dissatisfaction, and the Russian version of the PedsQL 4.0 questionnaire (Lyon, France), was used to assess health-related quality of life. Self-esteem scores were obtained from the Rosenberg self-esteem scale.
RESULTS: The desire to have silhouettes different from the actual ones was reported by 57% of adolescents. 39.8% of adolescents had mild body dissatisfaction, moderate and severe — 17.2%. The frequency and degree of body dissatisfaction was comparable in adolescents of both sexes. Boys were much more likely than girls to consider themselves too thin and wanted to gain weight (49.4%), while 51.6% of schoolgirls would like to lose weight. Body dissatisfaction, even mild, was associated with significantly lower self-esteem. Moreover moderate/severe body dissatisfaction has been associated with a decline in all aspects of quality of life. In addition, significant associations of body dissatisfaction and the length of time on the Internet / social networks and at TV screens were established.
CONCLUSIONS: The results of the study substantiate the approach to body dissatisfaction as a problem that requires active identification and directed impact, and determine possible areas of preventive work with adolescents.
The effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors on left ventricular diastolic function: current status and prospects
Authors: Borisova E. V. , Barsukov A. V. , Glebova S. A. , Airapetyan A. V.
Published: August 2024

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2 inhibitors) or gliflozins, are a new class of cardiovascular drugs with a proven clinical efficacy and a beneficial effect on prognosis in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Impaired left ventricular (LV) diastolic function (DF) is an important element in the pathogenesis of HFpEF. Experimental studies have found intracellular mechanisms for the so-called diastolic effects in gliflozins. Studies using laboratory models of experimental HFpEF have demonstrated a positive effect of dapagliflozin and empagliflozin on the elastic properties of cardiomyocyte myofilaments, the dynamics of myocardial fibrosis, and intracellular sodium and calcium homeostasis. The significance of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant properties of gliflozins in improving the cardiomyocyte DF has been experimentally established. The effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on LV DF in patients at high risk for cardiovascular diseases and their complications, that has been demonstrated in relatively small clinical studies, is due to primary cardiac and secondary effects. Results of individual studies confirmed the protective (in relation to myocardial relaxation) properties of gliflozins in the conditions of a diastolic stress test. The regression of LV diastolic dysfunction associated with the SGLT2 inhibitor treatment found in small observational studies is important in the context of the significant beneficial effect of empagliflozin and dapagliflozin on the prognosis of cardiovascular diseases that has been demonstrated in large randomized clinical trials in patients with HFpEF.
Perubahan Mekanisme Pembentukan Perundang-Undangan di Indonesia Perspektif Fiqh Siyasah Dusturiyah.
Authors: Kafin Muhammad
Published: August 2024

The study aimed to examine the creation of Act 13 in 2022, the second amendment to Act 12 in 2011, on the establishment of regulations from the perspective of the Siyasah Dusturiyah; the Act arises as an outcome of a MK ruling mandating a basic guide site in the performance of a bill, as well as confirmation of its participation. The issue to be considered is whether Act 13 has achieved its mandate since its birth in 2022 due to MK's decision. With this brief summary, it is fascinating to investigate the following problems: 1) how the legislation of No. 13 in 2022 affected the second Act of No. 12 in 2011. And 2) how has the creation of the law in the year 2022 been evaluated and reviewed from a rural standpoint. The research method used is normative law research using research resources. In addition, the author employs the legislative technique (statute approach). The study's findings are as follows: 1) many of the issues still need to be addressed in the 2011 alteration of Act No. 12, and there is a problem with enabling it to justify writing after the President and Congress have adopted a law. This issue provokes polemics due to the sacred level of law formation being the stage of joint legalization. 2) According to the perspective of Siyasah Dusturiyah, there is a distinction between the mechanics of legislation in Indonesia and the concept of producing legislation in Islam. Nonetheless, the 13/2022 law has not met the principles outlined in Siyasah Dusturiyah.
Overview Sociology of Law and Positive Law to Diversion Internal Joint Property Marriage
Authors: Wafa' Zenassa'dy  , Rahayu Hartini
Published: August 2024

Study this background because many case shape transition right on treasure together no involve from one  party good party husband nor wife . circumstances above give birth to problem law new that is related with how view sociology laws and regulations applicable law  to diversion treasure  together in marriage so creation justice in society . Diversion treasure together according to Article 35 paragraph (1) Constitution Number 1 year 1974, husband or wife could Act on  agreement second split party . By therefore if wrong one party divert treasure together must with agreement or permission from husband nor wife especially first . Purpose from study he hoped Public capable implementing the transition process treasure together corresponding with Applicable law . Study this use method study qualitative through studies References or library research . With using primary data in the form of Applicable laws and cases similar to what happens in the environment society .
PENGEMBANGAN KONSEP WAJIB WASIAT DI MAHKAMAH AGUNG DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP PEMBAHARUAN HUKUM DI INDONESIA
Authors: Rahmad Setyawan
Published: August 2024

This research reveals the development of the concept of mandatory wills in the Supreme Court. Even though there is already a concept of mandatory wills regulated in article 209 of the Compilation of Islamic Law, the Supreme Court has reformed Islamic law by expanding the scope of granting mandatory wills to non-Muslim heirs, stepchildren and siblings' children. This research is classified as library research by examining various reading literature that is related to the issue being studied. This research found that the development of giving mandatory wills to non-Muslim heirs, stepchildren and siblings' children at the Supreme Court was a product of judges' ijtihad through new ijtihad methodology reforms and revolutionary thinking so that Islamic law could truly be a solution to current developments increasingly modern and complex. The panel of judges, in granting mandatory wills to non-Muslim heirs, stepchildren and siblings' children, prioritizes the principle of benefit which is oriented towards maqasid al-syari'ah to preserve religion, soul, mind, lineage and property in the distribution of inherited assets. The presence of this decision also provides a new color and concrete evidence that there has been a reform of the Islamic inheritance law system in Indonesia which is adapted to the characteristics of Indonesian society which is diverse in terms of ethnicity, social, culture, politics and religion.
ADOPTION CHILDREN WITH DIFFERENCE RELIGION IN GUARANTEE OF RELIGIOUS FREEDOM PERSPECTIVE OF THE CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA 1945 AND ISLAMIC LAW
Authors: Atika Hidayatunnajah
Published: August 2024

The problem of adopting children in same religion in Indonesia arose because of a lawsuit with case registration Number. 83/PUU-XX/2022. This case was rejected by the constitutional court in cause that there was no constitutional loss experienced by applicant in the petition. Therefore, the author wants to research how child adoption is regulated in Indonesia and analyze it using the 1945 constitution and Islamic law. The research method used of author is normative, with the type of research being normative juridical. The research approach that the author uses statutory research approach and a case approach. The results of this research indicate that the regulation of child adoption accordance with mandate contained in Article 28E paragraphs (1) and (2) of the 1945 Constitution. This is proven by opinion that every child has the right to religion and protected throughout his life. However, the provisions regarding restrictions and prohibitions on freedom of religion apply to ensure order and general welfare in society. Meanwhile, adoption of a child in Islamic law only recognizes and does not change the lineage. Even Islamic law also recommends adopting children for children welfare. There is a sentence that prospective adoptive parents must adhere the same religion as the prospective adopted child, this is not intended for any other purpose but the influence of the adoptive parent's religion on the adopted child is only one way, and if this happens it will really hurt the conscience and faith of the adopted child as well as his biological parents.