bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Who Participates Now… and Why?
Authors: Resh William G.
Published: February 2013

Two, I ask how the dimensions of complexity and salience of a policy issue affect the level of participation by different types of actors in the regulatory policy arena. Using Gormley’s (1986) framework of regulatory politics, I develop measures that attempt to capture the dimensional constructs of rule-complexity and issue-salience that might affect different actors’ levels of participation in the rulemaking process. Given the transition to the Regulations.gov platform, I test several propositions implicit to the stated equity-based mission of the George W. Bush administration’s “e-Rulemaking Initiative” (eRI). My findings indicate that these dimensions do, in part, account for the amount of activity of different types of organizations and individuals, despite a “leveling” of access across stakeholder types.
The Obama Effect
Authors: Kaun Anne , Guyard Carina
Published: February 2013

This chapter presents a survey study on attitudes towards political campaigning in social media. During the national election in Sweden in 2010, a considerable amount of resources was invested in online communication with the constituency, not least in social media. Whereas several studies have focused on e-democracy at a macro level, there is a lack of studies examining the phenomenon of campaigning 2.0 as it is perceived by the actual voters. This chapter, therefore, asks the question whether the voters noticed the political campaigning in social media at all, and if so, how they perceived it. The main findings are that respondents who were already interested and politically engaged considered campaigning 2.0, in line with the politicians’ rhetoric, as a way to enhance democracy. Respondents who were neither interested nor engaged in politics, on the other hand, showed little interest in this kind of communication. Consequently, the study confirms assumptions about digital divide and continued fragmentation of the citizenry.
Democracy as the Missing Link
Authors: Gimeno Jacques DM
Published: February 2013

The re-emergence of neoliberalism paved the way for the democratization of Asia at a time when many countries in the region were suffering from one of the worst financial crises in its history. The reluctant acceptance of the Washington Consensus by Thailand and Indonesia, the eager anticipation from the Philippines, and the resistance of Malaysia and Singapore contributed to the dynamic political discourse in the region. In this chapter, I will discuss the concepts of traditional and e-governance and e-democracy that are heavily entrenched in the neoliberalist orientation. More importantly, I will present an argument for the inclusion of e-democracy in all facets of good e-governance.
ICT, Unique Identity and Inclusive Growth
Authors: Mital K. M.
Published: February 2013

Government of India has recently sought to establish identity of country’s each resident including migratory population from one state to another through IT-enabled unique identification (UID) numbers under the aegis of Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI), which shall lead to inclusive growth. UID numbers offer diverse benefits to each resident, such as quick opening of bank accounts, speedier issuance of passports, efficient administration of the PDS (public distribution system) for food grains at subsidized rates to the BPL (below poverty line) families by preventing ‘leakage’ to open markets, rapid enrollment to and efficient disbursal of wages under the ‘Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS)’ for guaranteed employment for every household, et cetera. The chapter reviews the role of ICT and UID numbers in achieving inclusive growth, achieving food security, augmenting employment opportunities, efficiently accessing public services, and achieving higher standards of livelihood and quality-of-life sustained though different welfare schemes.
Rural E-Health Infrastructure Development
Authors: Zalzala Ali , Chia Stanley , Zalzala Laura , Sahu Subrat , Vaghasiya Suresh , Karimi Ali
Published: February 2013

The following sections describe the implementation of a healthcare records system in rural areas of India’s Gujarat State. The system reduces the risk of misidentification of patients and allows for accessing the records of patients in a more timely process. The electronic medical records improve clinical and diagnostic services and provide alerts on disease trends.
Design and Deployment of a Mobile-Based Medical Alert System
Authors: Ikhu-Omoregbe N.A. , Azeta A.A.
Published: February 2013

The use of wireless technology for health care delivery is having great impacts in the health care sector on a global scale. However, alert systems in medical institutions are rare. As a result of this, patients find it hard to keep track of scheduled meetings with medical personnel; they also find it difficult to keep track of prescribed medications. These could have adverse impacts on patients’ health, especially for those with chronic diseases. This chapter therefore, presents the design, deployment and evaluation of a mobile-based medical alert system (MAS) for managing diseases where adherence or compliance is paramount for effective treatment. The system alerts the patients and medical practitioners about information and emergencies via text messaging on handheld devices such as mobile phones and PDAs. It also allows users to receive scheduled appointment and medication updates that will facilitate their treatment processes. The prototype application is developed by the incremental software process model and runs on a GSM network.
Advanced Video Distribution for Wireless E-Healthcare Systems
Authors: Zvikhachevskaya Anna , Mihaylova Lyudmila
Published: February 2013

This chapter is dedicated to the investigation of IEEE 802.16, a technology that would allow efficient, reliable and affordable healthcare. More specifically, the chapter presents not only an overview of the telemedicine services and developed technologies, but also provides a detailed description of the WiMAX wireless broadband technology for efficient video and data delivery. A new technique for efficient video distribution over WiMAX networks for healthcare applications is also presented in conjunction with some conclusive test results. The theoretical work is supported by in depth software simulations using a network simulator.
The Case of Region Marketing of a Greek Southwestern City
Authors: Spais George S.
Published: February 2013

The examination of the municipal broadband and building a “digital city” for a southwestern Greek city is the heart of this case study in terms of city’s repositioning through open innovation and creativity. The paradigm of the first successful Greek digital city (“e-Trikala”) shows to every Greek that the Digital City ICT applications can improve everyday life by simplifying public transactions in regional urban centers, reducing telecommunication costs, and by delivering new services related to the local way of life (Heeks, 2010). However, every SME has its own social, economic, geographic, or political characteristics (Foster & Heeks, 2010). For this reason, the digital city can vary from region to region, so that ICT applications enhance local characteristics rather than detract from them. The author’s objective is to create an independent case study that can be used as the basis for class discussion. The case of repositioning of Kalamata, a Greek southwestern city, as an open innovative and creative city through the new municipal broadband infrastructure presents a situation that requires the readers of this case study to develop and evaluate solutions. The case may be also meaningfully discussed, presented, or analyzed with reference to other cases. It can be used by itself without creating false impressions. In this case study, Kalamata’s municipal leadership believes that a short-term promotion campaign for the benefit of the city’s digitalization is enough to build a new image and personality for the city: the image and personality of an open, innovative, and creative city, an ideal location to visit, do business, and live. The development of a short-term promotion campaign in order to achieve the repositioning of a city is a major strategic pitfall. The municipal leaders must realize that transforming the city as an open innovative and creative city, needs a new philosophy. The achievement of such a strategic goal prerequires an overall transformation of all the protagonists (from citizens to municipal administrators to entrepreneurs) as the following strategic issues must be managed: the introduction of an open innovation model, the choice of an innovation scenario for the local economy, and the strategy in order to address the way of urban innovation through the municipal broadband infrastructure. However, the question remains whether transformative learning and building critical reflection are the paths for building a new image and personality for Kalamata as an open innovative and creative city.
How can Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Innovation Enhance Enterprise Performance?
Authors: Ionescu Ana-Cristina
Published: February 2013

By analyzing the experience in Romania, this study aims to provide insight into the relationship between SMEs’ CSR activities and their economic competitiveness in the light of innovation, mandatory in times of economic crisis, and emphasize the idea that business as usual is no longer acceptable. In addition to providing research on the general situation of CSR in Romania, this case is also describing the most relevant (public) actors engaged in this issue, the level of deployment of CSR among SMEs, as well as the characteristics of these activities. In order to prove that innovative CSR initiatives are a positive investment resulting in an economically beneficial outcome for the businesses, that can be disseminated via open innovation networks, a number of five Good Practice case studies have been identified and described in-depth.
The Case of a Portuguese Intermediary of Open Innovation
Authors: Oliveira Fábio , Ramos Isabel
Published: February 2013

Inovamais is an innovation consultant that began its activities in 1997, several years before the popularization of the Open Innovation paradigm. The founding motivation was to enable the connection of academic and entrepreneurial worlds, with focus on businesses and their needs and special emphasis on small and medium enterprises (SMEs). They work with both worlds, by turning universities’ intellectual assets into commercially attractive knowledge, and helping enterprises to search external resources (funding, knowledge, and partnerships) for their innovation processes. The objective of the present case is to shed some lights over the role and services of an intermediary of open innovation in the current general innovation landscape. Therefore, this case will generally present the business model of Inovamais on intermediation of open innovation. It will also discuss the cultural, managerial, and political challenges and problems that Inovamais has identified and dealt with during these thirteen years of work at the Portuguese and European levels.
Knowledge Sharing in Open Innovation
Authors: Bogers Marcel
Published: February 2013

Open innovation has received an increasing amount of attention from innovation scholars and practitioners alike. As a specific type of open innovation, collaborative innovation combines knowledge inflows and outflows and is thus at the core of open innovation. To better understand this coupled process of open innovation, this chapter provides an overview of the theoretical perspectives on open collaborative innovation. In particular, knowledge sharing is considered as a main driver of successful collaborative innovation. Accordingly, the chapter reviews some of the main trends in practices and theories related to open collaborative innovation. The main purpose is to provide an overview of the main perspectives on collaborative knowledge sharing within established economic organization and strategic management theories. Thus, by providing a more solid theoretical basis for future work in open innovation, this chapter contributed to the theory behind open innovation, which in turn can be used to inform open innovation practices.
Modes of Open Innovation in Service Industries and Process Innovation
Authors: Kask Sean
Published: February 2013

This broad study empirically compares the returns to different open innovation approaches, namely forms of pecuniary acquisition and non-pecuniary sourcing, on both product and process innovation in low-tech service and manufacturing firms. A fixed-effects analysis reveals differing patterns of the effectiveness of open innovation strategies across sectors and type of innovation outcome, along with decreasing returns from being “too open”. In general, the purchase of intangible intellectual property and broad search breadth have greater effects on product innovation, whereas the returns to knowledge embodied in physical artefacts and to drawing deeply from external sources are greater for process innovation. Overall, external sources of knowledge more strongly predict innovation in low-tech service firms than in the manufacturing sector. The final section considers implications for managers and policy makers.
What is the Degree of Inbound Open Innovation in Spanish Firms?
Authors: Ortiz-de-Urbina-Criado Marta
Published: February 2013

The aim of this chapter is to examine the degree to which Spanish firms follow the open innovation paradigm regarding the acquisition of technology assets. The research question is what is the degree of Inbound Open Innovation in Spanish Firms? To answer that question, the author has selected a sample of small, medium and large-size Spanish firms and they include firms from the industrial and service sectors. A two-step cluster analysis has been developed to classify firms in five groups and they have analyzed the differences between the firms included in each cluster in relation to the firms’ characteristics and innovation behavior. The author has find that firms with higher degrees of Inbound Open Innovation are the most innovative in terms of product and process, they are the firms that buy more R&D services and usually cooperate with other organizations to develop R&D and innovation activities.
Open Innovation through Intermediaries in the Web
Authors: Osorio Diana Benito , Partearroyo Montserrat Jiménez , Gutiérrez Luis Miguel Arroyo
Published: February 2013

Since its conception Open Innovation has become what can be called the reference mark for business innovation management. The aim of this chapter is threefold; first the authors explain the trends that have emerged from the use of web based open innovation by firms. Secondly, they will establish a relationship between these trends and the phases of the New Product Development (NPD) process. Thirdly, they will carry out a concrete qualitative analysis based on active intermediaries firms. The authors compare different case study of companies that offer themselves as intermediaries in the web for open innovation practices oriented to the product.
Cost Efficiency Measures with Trapezoidal Fuzzy Numbers in Data Envelopment Analysis Based on Ranking Functions
Authors: Ebrahimnejad Ali
Published: February 2013

Cost efficiency (CE) evaluates the ability to produce current outputs at minimal cost, given its input prices. In ordinary CE model, the input prices are assumed to be definite. In recent years, various attempts have been made to measuring CE when the input prices are as trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. The main contribution of this paper is to provide a new approach for generalizing the CE of decision making units in data envelopment analysis when the input prices are trapezoidal fuzzy numbers, where concepts of fuzzy linear programming problems and CE, are directly used. Here, the author used the linear ranking functions to compare fuzzy numbers. The proposed method is illustrated with two application examples and proves to be persuasive and acceptable in real world systems.
Developing Knowledge Management Systems from a Knowledge-Based and Multi-Agent Approach
Authors: Vizacaino Aurora , Soto Juan Pablo , Portillo-Rodrigues Javier , Piattini Mariio
Published: February 2013

Developing knowledge management systems is a complicated task since it is necessary to take into account how the knowledge is generated, how it can be distributed in order to reuse it, and other aspects related to the knowledge flows. On the other hand, many technical aspects should also be considered such as what knowledge representation or retrieval technique is going to be used. To find a balance between both aspects is important if we want to develop a successful system. However, developers often focus on technical aspects, giving less importance to knowledge issues. In order to avoid this, we have developed a model to help computer science engineers to develop these kinds of systems. In our proposal we first define a knowledge life cycle model that, according to literature and our experience, ponders all the stages that a knowledge management system should give support to. Later, we describe the technology (software agents) that we recommend to support the activities of each stage. The article explains why we consider that software agents are suitable for this end and how they can work in order to reach their goals. Moreover, a prototype that uses these agents is also described.
US Financial Crisis Critique and the Statistical Predictability of a NYSE Portfolio
Authors: Wymar Gerry
Published: February 2013

This study’s purpose is to review investment practitioner accounts describing the causes and effects of the global financial crises, with a focus of the US financial crisis. A critical gap in the literature was found: the lack of an independent indicator that could do forecast a market upturn or downturn at least a week in advance to provide sufficient lead time for hedging a stock portfolio before a crash. A sample of 95 high performing companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) was used as a multiyear case study. Publicly available market indexes such as Mood’s, Standards and Poor’s (S&P, and others, were tested as independent factors to explain the behavior of the case study stock portfolio performance. Correlation, regression (simple, multiple, stepwise, surface response) and ANOVA (with T-tests) were used to analyze 817 days of returns during the 2008-2011 period of the US financial crisis. A complex polynomial nonlinear equation was developed which could predict the behavior of the case study portfolio five days in advance.
Risk of Contract Growth and Opportunistic Behavior
Authors: Villmo Harald Brugaard , Torvatn Tim , Karlsen Jan Terje
Published: February 2013

This paper explores the risk associated with contract growth and opportunistic behavior in contractors with a special focus on the management of changes and interfaces. The study compares two successful megaprojects, the Gudrun oil platform by Statoil in the North Sea and the ATLAS detector at CERN. The empirical data were obtained using in-depth interviews with key personnel at Statoil and CERN. The study makes three significant contributions to knowledge: (1) megaprojects can benefit from having a high level of staffing since management costs are relatively small compared to construction costs; (2) when part of the end design is left to contractors, the contractors are given an opening to act in an opportunistic manner, which can cause contract growth; and (3) when a high level of integration is performed in-house, companies can take an extreme cost-driven approach to contracting.
Hospital Information Systems Replacement and Healthcare Quality
Authors: Chryssanthou Anargyros , Varlamis Iraklis , Sarivougioukas John Constantine , Apostolakis Ioannis
Published: February 2013

The aim of this paper is to develop a methodology for deciding when a Hospital Information System (HIS) must be replaced and in addition to discuss how the decision for system replacement affects the quality of healthcare services. In the hypothesis, the Hospital IS has been in operation for a period of time and the Hospital managers have to choose between the replacement with a new Information System (IS) and the continuation of its use. Leaving aside the economic factors concerning the return of a possible investment, the decision is still difficult and will be based on scientific and technological factors. The proposed methodology employs confidential information from the Hospital, which relates to the system operation and usability, the satisfaction of doctors and patients, etc. It also examines the entire working environment and common factors that affect the choice of Hospital managers (e.g., financial constraints).
Electronic Medical Records as an Improvement to Comply with Data Protection Rules
Authors: Menor Ángel Igualada , Caramé Teresa Pereyra
Published: February 2013

The right implementation and design of Electronic Medical Records Systems present an opportunity of improvement, since they provide the owners of personal data, who are under treatment in medical care activities, with the exercise of control over them; avoidance of any change; loss or non-authorised access, as well as availability safeguarding, and use in activities that are not strictly within welfare.
Adaptive Synchronization of Unknown Chaotic Systems Using Mamdani Fuzzy Approach
Authors: El-Ghazaly G.
Published: February 2013

The synchronization problem for a general-class of unknown chaotic systems is addressed. Fuzzy systems in Mamdani type are employed to provide an approximate model of the master chaotic system using an adaptive approach. Within this, a number of fuzzy systems are utilized to approximate the unknown nonlinear functions of the master system. An approximate model similar to the master system is constructed which is the slave system. The error dynamics between the master and slave chaotic systems is used to build a suitable control input and fuzzy systems’ parameters adaptive laws to force the slave system to be synchronized with master system. The stability of the overall synchronization system is derived based on Lyapunov stability theory. Its shown that under appropriate assumptions, the proposed approach guarantees the boundness and asymptotic convergence of synchronization errors to a small neighborhood of origin. An extensive simulation study is performed on both Duffing and Rössler chaotic systems to show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Promoting and Implementing Self-Directed Learning (SDL)
Authors: Wang Viktor , Cranton Patricia
Published: February 2013

Although Westerners have used over 200 terms to describe self-directed learning (SDL), it is educators in Confucius heritage cultures (CHC) that have successfully promoted and implemented SDL. This article argues that for learners in the Western cultures, especially in the United States to catch up with learners in other industrialized nations including newly emerged China and India, SDL must be promoted and implemented at all levels of education, not only within adult education. Amongst theories/models, SDL is the single most popular model that helps learners master skills for the sake of competency development. The goal in learning is to achieve the changed status on the part of learners or “perspective transformation.” Without implementing SDL, it may be hard to implement the theory of transformative learning. SDL and transformative learning are intertwined.
Performance Evaluation of WMN-GA Simulation System for Different Settings of Genetic Operators Considering Giant Component and Number of Covered Users
Authors: Barolli Admir , Takizawa Makoto , Oda Tetsuya , Spaho Evjola , Barolli Leonard , Uchida Kazunori , Xhafa Fatos
Published: February 2013

In this paper, the authors propose and implement a system based on Genetic Algorithms (GAs) called WMN-GA. They evaluated the performance of WMN-GA for 0.7 crossover rate and 0.3 mutation rate, exponential ranking and different distribution of clients considering size of giant component and number of covered users parameters. The simulation results show that for normal distribution the system has better performance. The authors also carried out simulations for 0.8 crossover rate and 0.2 mutation rate. The simulation results show that the setting for 0.7 crossover rate and 0.3 mutation rate offers better connectivity and user coverage.
Evaluation of Encryption Procedure for User Attestation System Using a Cellular Phone
Authors: Yamamoto Noriyasu , Wakahara Toshihiko
Published: February 2013

To provide a low-cost and simple user attestation method, the authors previously proposed a method with strong authentication using the digital camera of a cellular phone. This method used 2D color code, and as such, there are some process costs like create and decode 2D color code. In this paper, the authors present an improved attestation system using a cellular phone and 2D color code. They compare the performance of the encryption methods and the efficiency of the proposed attestation method, which is confirmed using an experimental prototype system.
A Grid-Based Hole Detection Scheme in WSNs
Authors: Wang Ying-Hong , Huang Kuo-Feng , Lin Shaing-Ting
Published: February 2013

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) can be widely utilized in many applications, especially in environmental surveillance. However, some holes exist within the WSNs caused by factors like non-uniform deployment of sensor nodes, depletion of energy from sensor nodes, the destruction from external forces, and the existence of physical obstacles, such as mountains and lakes. These holes degrade the performance of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Hence, finding the position of the holes and utilizing the information to improve the performance of WSNs is a significant issue. To solve this problem, the authors propose a detection scheme for grid-based hole in WSNs. By means of grid architecture, they use the grid head to broadcast and forward the request and respond the holes detection. Sink then calculates the position of the holes for improving the performance of the WSNs.
Business Blogging and Enterprise Strategy
Authors: Hu Nan , Wan Yun , Ye Chen , Liu Ling
Published: February 2013

Some experts are concerned that blogging may be in conflict with other more controlled public relation activities and suspect that only those companies in bad financial shape would resort to business blogging as a cheap attempt. Using data collected from Fortune 500 Business Blogging Wiki, the authors demonstrated that business blogging can be used as a new strategic tool for companies to sustain their existing competitive advantages. The authors found business blogging tend to correlated with higher sales, lower cost of goods, and reduced advertising expenses for companies. They also found that those companies use product differentiation as their main competitive strategy could better utilize business blogging to sustain their competitive position, thus maintain or increase their financial performances.
A Simulation Framework for P2P Queries Routing for E-Business
Authors: Ismail Anis , Barbar Aziz
Published: February 2013

On-line business transaction processing systems have so far been based on centralized or client-server architectures. The growing interest in Peer-to-Peer centralized or decentralized systems has inspired numerous research activities, though in a schema-based Peer-to-Peer (P2P) system, locating Peers (services) relevant to a given query is a basic problem for which different routing strategies of queries have been proposed. In this paper, the architecture, based on (Super-) Peers, is proposed, with a special focus on query routing. For an efficient query routing, (Super-) Peers having similar interests are grouped together and called Super-Super-Peers (SSP). Super-Peers submit queries that are often processed by members of this group. A SSP is a specific Super-Peer that contains knowledge about 1) its Super-Peers, and 2) the other SSP. Using data mining techniques knowledge is extracted by processing queries of Peers that transit on the network. The advantage of this distributed knowledge is that it avoids making semantic mapping between heterogeneous data sources owned by (Super-) Peers each time the system decides to route query to other (Super-) Peers.
Using Biometrics Devices for Improving Automation in Hospital Management System
Authors: Mohapatra Sanjay
Published: February 2013

This study discusses the best practices of a hospital in a semi-urban area in India and how the hospital management system has gained extended use through the usage of bio metrics device. Using the information system, all the stakeholders have benefitted and the monetary benefits have justified IT investment. Integration of information systems with patient care activities has reduced the patient care cost, making it a sustainable investment, making this a benefit to all hospitals.
Fourth Stage of Voice Priority Queue for VoIP over WLANs
Authors: Nisar Kashif
Published: February 2013

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is growing rapidly during this decade. VoIP is seen as a short-term and long-term transmission for voice and audio traffic and is moving on Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) based on IEEE 802.11 standards. Currently, packet scheduling algorithms like Weighted Fair Queuing (WFQ), was mainly designed to provide the bandwidth reservation. The Strict Priority (SP) is low-cost to maintain the delay sensitive voice traffic. Also, a number of research scheduling solutions have been proposed like General processor sharing (GPS), Deficit Round Robin (DRR), Contention-Aware Temporally fair Scheduling (CATS). Unfortunately, the current scheduling won’t be able to handle the VoIP packets properly and they have drawbacks over real-time applications. The objective of this research is to propose a Fourth Stage of Voice Priority Queue (VPQ) packet scheduling and algorithm to ensure more throughput, fairness and efficient packet scheduling for VoIP performance of queues and traffics. A new scheduler flexible which is capable of satisfying the VoIP traffic flows. Experimental topologies on NS-2 network simulator were analyzed for voice traffic.
Using Permutations to Enhance the Gain of RUQB Technique
Authors: Abu-ayyash Abdulla M. , Ajlouni Naim
Published: February 2013

Quantum key distribution (QKD) techniques usually suffer from a gain problem when comparing the final key to the generated pulses of quantum states. This research permutes the sets that RUQB (Abu-ayyash & Ajlouni, 2008) uses in order to increase the gain. The effect of both randomness and permutations are studied; While RUQB technique improves the gain of BB84 QKD by 5.5% it was also shown that the higher the randomness of the initial key the higher the gain that can be achieved, this work concluded that the use of around 7 permutations results in 30% gain recovery in an ideal situations.
New Entropy Based Distance for Training Set Selection in Debt Portfolio Valuation
Authors: Kajdanowicz Tomasz , Plamowski Slawomir , Kazienko Przemyslaw
Published: February 2013

Choosing a proper training set for machine learning tasks is of great importance in complex domain problems. In the paper a new distance measure for training set selection is presented and thoroughly discussed. The distance between two datasets is computed using variance of entropy in groups obtained after clustering. The approach is validated using real domain datasets from debt portfolio valuation process. Eventually, prediction performance is examined.
IT-Based Knowledge Capability and Commercialization of Innovations
Authors: Datta Avimanyu
Published: February 2013

The author provides a framework comprising of propositions for further research explicating the relations between IT-based knowledge capabilities (IT-KC) and Commercialization of Innovations (CI). They posit that a firm’s absorptive capacity and ambidexterity (ability to explore and exploit) affect CI. Further, absorptive capacity too can be an antecedent to ambidexterity. IT based knowledge capability (which is an instantiation of IT capability) is found to positively moderate the relationship between ambidexterity and commercialization of innovations, and also is an antecedent to potential and realized absorptive capacity. The author ties the seemingly isolated bits of literature together into an integrative theoretical model for testing.
Incubator Platform for Multidisciplinary Innovation in Research and Education
Authors: Nigussie Ethiopia , Guang Liang , Boyko Alexey , Hakkala Antti , Sainio Petri , Virtanen Seppo , Isoaho Jouni
Published: February 2013

In this article, an incubator platform concept is presented to demonstrate the authors’ approach in meeting the enormous challenges faced by future multidisciplinary research and education. The abstraction level of laboratory projects needs to be raised to a level where the researchers and students have the opportunity to deal with hands-on real-life system-level problems and decisions, while simultaneously various fundamental key technologies of the information society are integrated into the systems. Their approach is concretized by an Incubator experimental platform. Facilitated by this environment, researchers, engineers and students can join their efforts in developing next-generation products in a well-organized manner. The targeted products must meet the increasingly important special characteristics required for the digital era – self- and context-awareness, built-in information security, distributed networking, enormous scalability and device interoperability. Many projects are today developed by distributed multicultural teams, so it is a necessity that the development can also be implemented in co-operation of several universities in different countries, in order to promote the career skills of the students. The incubator platform proposed in this article is able to provide viable answers and solutions to all the mentioned challenges in engineering research and education, coupling the curriculum tightly to top-class academic research.
The Knowledge Intervention Integration Process
Authors: Pirkkalainen Henri , Pawlowski Jan M.
Published: February 2013

Process oriented Knowledge Management (pKM) has been a widely discussed approach for KM initiatives. The approach ties business strategy closely to KM by connecting knowledge activities to key business processes. Social Software has been taken up in many domains as an organizational tool for managing knowledge. Up till now, the impact of being globally distributed (organizations and teams) has not been emphasized within the pKM view, nor has been the Social Software approach. The globally distributed, Social Software – supported approach has clear impacts for designing and implementing KM processes in the pKM view. Within this paper the authors clarify these implications with an integrated model for introducing Social Software tools for Knowledge Management and aligning those with KM as well as business processes. Their approach emphasizes on aligning the Social Software activities with KM coordination processes, knowledge-intensive business processes and knowledge activities. The authors’ work also stresses the need to recognize and deal with KM barriers within the coordination processes in order to define and implement appropriate interventions and activities.
Ontology-Based Knowledge Model for Multi-View KDD Process
Authors: Zemmouri EL Moukhtar , Behja Hicham , Marzak Abdelaziz , Trousse Brigitte
Published: February 2013

Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) is a highly complex, iterative and interactive process that involves several types of knowledge and expertise. In this paper the authors propose to support users of a multi-view analysis (a KDD process held by several experts who analyze the same data with different viewpoints). Their objective is to enhance both the reusability of the process and coordination between users. To do so, they propose a formalization of viewpoint in KDD and a Knowledge Model that structures domain knowledge involved in a multi-view analysis. The authors’ formalization, using OWL ontologies, of viewpoint notion is based on CRISP-DM standard through the identification of a set of generic criteria that characterize a viewpoint in KDD.
K-Means Based Prediction of Transcoded JPEG File Size and Structural Similarity
Authors: Pigeon Steven , Coulombe Stéphane
Published: February 2013

The problem of efficiently adapting JPEG images to satisfy given constraints such as maximum file size and resolution arises in a number of applications, from universal media access for mobile browsing to multimedia messaging services. However, optimizing for perceived quality (user experience) commands a non-negligible computational cost which in the authors work, they aim to minimize by the use of low-cost predictors. In previous work, the authors presented predictors and predictor-based systems to achieve low-cost and near-optimal adaption of JPEG images under given constraints of file size and resolution. In this work, they extend and improve these solutions by including more information about images to obtain more accurate predictions of file size and quality resulting from transcoding. The authors show that the proposed method, based on the clustering of transcoding operations represented as high-dimensional vectors, significantly outperforms previous methods in accuracy.
Emocap
Authors: Mitarai Hiroko , Yoshitaka Atsuo
Published: February 2013

Authoring quality video content is difficult since proper camerawork is required for delivering content which appropriately reflects user’s expressive intentions. Based on an experimental result on non-expert users, the incremental interaction model was formerly proposed. The authors propose a system based on the model which compensates for user’s lack of cinematographic knowledge or skills by relating affective information such as atmosphere or mood to shooting techniques. After selecting a specific type of atmosphere to express non-verbal information, the system analyzes the shooting image and the camera operation including the camera angle and the zooming speed to assist the user. The appropriate parameters for shot sizes, camera angles and zoom speed are based on the analysis of extracted features from ten highly-evaluated films. The system evaluation has indicated that the system assists the user in reflecting user intention of the shot appropriately; therefore it enables the user to capture shots more appropriately and effectively without cinematographic knowledge or skills.
Routing Physarum with Electrical Flow/Current
Authors: Tsuda Soichiro , Jones Jeff , Adamatzky Andrew , Mills Jonathan
Published: February 2013

Plasmodium stage of Physarum polycephalum behaves as a distributed dynamical pattern formation mechanism, where foraging and migration is influenced by local stimuli from a range of attractants and repellents. Complex protoplasmic tube network structures are formed as a result, which serve as ‘circuits’ by which nutrients are distributed. In this paper, the authors investigate whether this ‘bottom-up’ circuit routing method may be harnessed in a controllable manner as a possible alternative to conventional template-based circuit design. They interfaced the plasmodium of Physarum polycephalum to the planar surface of the spatially represented computing device (Mills’ Extended Analog Computer—EAC), implemented as a sheet of analog computing material. The authors presented a pattern of current distribution to the array and found that they could select the directional migration of the plasmodium growth front by exploiting plasmodium electro-taxis toward current sinks. They utilised this directional guidance phenomenon to route the plasmodium across its habitat and around obstacles represented by repellent current sources. These findings demonstrate proof of concept in the low-level dynamical routing for biologically implemented circuit design.
Information-Driven Framework for Collaborative Business Service Modelling
Authors: Le Dinh Thang , Thi Thanh Thoa Pham
Published: February 2013

In the context of a network of enterprises, the competitive advantage of each enterprise depends greatly on the ability to use network architectures to collaborate efficiently in business services. The paper introduces a conceptual framework, called the CBSM (Collaborative Business Service Modelling) framework, which provides an intellectual foundation for understanding thoroughly and modelling effectively collaborative business services. The paper begins by presenting the necessity for and principles of the conceptual framework. Then it presents the architecture of the CBSM framework that consists of three different levels: the service level for service operation, the service system level for service creation, and the service value creation network level for service proposal. The paper continues with a discussion and review of the relevant literature, followed by the conclusion and suggestions for further research.
Aligning Value and Implementation in Service Design
Authors: Golnam Arash , Regev Gil , Ramboz Julien , Laprade Philippe , Wegmann Alain
Published: February 2013

The promise of service design is to enable a service supplier to prosper by delivering continuous value to customers. This prosperity is of strategic value to the service supplier. There is value in a service for both the service supplier and its service customers. The authors call these two values, service supplier value and service adopter value. When designing a service, it is necessary to align both value propositions with the service components and service features. In this paper, the authors propose a systemic method where whole (i.e., black box) and composite (i.e., white box) reasoning are interleaved on the organizational and functional dimensions. The authors begin by producing an as-is model that describes how the value is created for the customer and captured by the service supplier. Service improvement opportunities are identified in terms of value to both service adopter and service supplier. A to-be model is built that specifies the new interaction between actors and their new responsibilities and thereby, new service components and features. The method is illustrated with an example based on the service offering and implementation of Amazon.com in Amazon Marketplace.
Scalable Authoritative OWL Reasoning for the Web
Authors: Hogan Aidan , Harth Andreas , Polleres Axel
Published: February 2013

In this article the authors discuss the challenges of performing reasoning on large scale RDF datasets from the Web. Using ter-Horst’s pD* fragment of OWL as a base, the authors compose a rule-based framework for application to web data: they argue their decisions using observations of undesirable examples taken directly from the Web. The authors further temper their OWL fragment through consideration of “authoritative sources” which counter-acts an observed behaviour which they term “ontology hijacking”: new ontologies published on the Web re-defining the semantics of existing entities resident in other ontologies. They then present their system for performing rule-based forward-chaining reasoning which they call SAOR: Scalable Authoritative OWL Reasoner. Based upon observed characteristics of web data and reasoning in general, they design their system to scale: the system is based upon a separation of terminological data from assertional data and comprises of a lightweight in-memory index, on-disk sorts and file-scans. The authors evaluate their methods on a dataset in the order of a hundred million statements collected from real-world Web sources and present scale-up experiments on a dataset in the order of a billion statements collected from the Web.
Role of the university librarian: a review
Authors: Jayasuriya Sumana
Published: February 2013

The paper tries to analyse the role of the university librarian using a sociological definition for the role. Considers the University as a social institution and how the role of the librarian evolved to meet the changes taking place in the Universities. Elaborates management and functional competencies, qualities, technological and human relations skills they need to develop in order to cope with the modern Information environment. Journal of the University Librarians Association, Sri Lanka, Vol. 16, Issue 2, July 2012, Page 83-100 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/jula.v16i2.5201
Requirements of Net Generation towards university libraries in Sri Lanka
Authors: Mashroofa MM
Published: February 2013

At present academic libraries have a trend to introduce innovative services in par with developing technologies as well as the different aspirations of Net Generation. This study aims to explore the characteristics of Net Generation, their help seeking preferences, information behaviours and their needs and wants towards university library. A survey of freshmen was conducted in 2011 at University of Jaffna, Eastern University and South Eastern University of Sri Lanka. Qualitative and quantitative approaches were carried out. The study found that majority of respondents use internet but they rarely use library web pages and Online Public Access catalogue (OPAC). They have a tendency to move to e-resources and they prefer multimedia information than textual information. They are comfortable in asking help from librarian directly (in- person communication) whilst some of them wish to communicate via e-mail, face book and instant messaging. It recommends that librarians can help students via help-desk, instant messaging, e-mail, chat or ask a librarian services from the library websites. Libraries should initiate action to collect more electronic resources. Information literacy should be included as a course unit. Journal of the University Librarians Association, Sri Lanka, Vol. 16, Issue 2, July 2012, Page 101-116 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/jula.v16i2.5202
The genus Saltisedes (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae): redefinition, synonymic notes, and new species from the Oriental region
Authors: Yin Zi-Wei , Nomura Shûhei , Chandler Donald S. , Li Li-Zhen
Published: February 2013

The genus Saltisedes Kubota, 1944 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae: Tmesiphorini) is redefined and three new species are described and illustrated: S. hainanensis Yin and Nomura, new species (China), S. kojimai Nomura and Yin, new species (Japan), and S. yahiroi Nomura and Yin, new species (Malaysia). Saltisedes brunneus Kubota, 1944 (Japan), the only previously known species is redescribed. Stethotaphrus Newton and Chandler is placed as a junior synonym of Saltisedes, the placement results in the following new combinations: Saltisedes clavatus (Raffray, 1882), new combination, Saltisedes hamotoides (Schaufuss, 1882), new combination, Saltisedes javanicus (Raffray, 1882), new combination, Saltisedes longispina (Raffray, 1903), new combination, and Saltisedes weiri (Chandler, 2001), new combination. A list of known Saltisedes species is included and a key to the species from continental Asia and Japan is presented.