bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An increased risk of pulmonary hypertension in patients with combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema: a meta-analysis
Authors: Ni Hangqi , Wei Yuying , Yang Liuqing , Wang Qing
Published: December 2022

Background and aim: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a common complication of combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE). Whether the incidence of PH is increased in CPFE compared with pure pulmonary fibrosis or emphysema remains unclear. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the prevalence of PH in the CPFE population. Methods We searched the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and CNKI databases for relevant studies focusing on the incidence of PH in patients with CPFE and IPF or emphysema. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and standard mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were used to evaluate the differences in the clinical characteristics and prevalence of PH between patients with CPFE, IPF, or emphysema. The survival impact of PH in patients with CPFE was assessed using hazard ratios (HRs). Results A total of 19 eligible studies were included in the meta-analysis, involving 977, 1153, and 504 patients with CPFE, IPF, and emphysema, respectively. Patients with CPFE had an increased PH risk with a higher frequency of pulmonary hypertension and higher estimated systolic pulmonary artery pressure (esPAP), compared with those with IPF (OR: 1.96; 95% CI: 1.36–2.83;P < 0.01; SMD: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.55–1.02;P < 0.01) or emphysema (OR: 2.09; 95% CI: 1.42–3.06;P < 0.01; SMD: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.55–0.95;P < 0.01). In addition, the patients with CPFE combined with PH had a poor prognosis than patients with CPFE without PH (HR: 6.16; 95% CI: 2.53–15.03;P < 0.01). Conclusions Our meta-analysis showed that patients with CPFE were associated with a significantly higher prevalence of PH compared with those with IPF or emphysema alone. The presence of PH was a poor predictor of mortality.
Unravelling the genetic diversity and population structure of Persian walnut in the Iranian Plateau
Authors: Shavvon Robabeh Shahi , Qi Hai-Ling , Mafakheri Mohammad , Fan Pen-Zheng , Wu Hong-Yu , Vahdati Fatemeh Bazdid , Al-Shmgani Hanady S. , Wang Yue-Hua , Liu Jie
Published: December 2022

Background: Common walnut (Juglans regia L.) has a long cultivation history, given its highly valuable wood and rich nutritious nuts. The Iranian Plateau has been considered one of the last glaciation refugia and a center of origin and domestication for the common walnut. However, a prerequisite to conserve or utilize the genetic resources of J. regia in the Plateau is a comprehensive evaluation of the genetic diversity that is conspicuously lacking. In this regard, we used 31 polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to delineate the genetic variation and population structure of 508 J. regia individuals among 27 populations from the Iranian Plateau.
Results: The SSR markers expressed a relatively high level of genetic diversity (HO= 0.438, and HE= 0.437). Genetic differentiation among the populations was moderate (FST= 0.124), and genetic variation within the populations (79%) significantly surpassed among populations (21%). The gene flow (Nm= 1.79) may have remarkably influenced the population genetic structure of J. regia, which can be attributed to anthropological activities and wind dispersal of pollen. The STRUCTURE analysis divided the 27 populations into two main clusters. A comparison of the neighbor-joining (NJ) and Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) dendrograms and the Bayesian STRUCTURE analysis revealed the general agreement between the population subdivisions and the genetic relationships among the populations. However, a few geographically close populations dispersed into different clusters. Further, the low genetic diversity of the SMR and TKR populations necessitates urgent in situ conservation; additionally, we recommend the indispensable preservation of the RGR and AKR populations.
Conclusion: These results reflected consistent high geographical affinity of the accession across the Plateau. Our findings suggest that gene flow is a driving factor influencing the genetic structure of J. regia populations, whereas ecological and geological variables did not act as a strong barrier. Moreover, the data reported herein provide new insights into the population structure of J. regia germplasm, which will help conserve genetic resources for the future improving walnut breeding programs’ efficiency.
Postoperative Bone Graft Migration Into The Thecal Sac, And Shifting Down To The Lower Level After An Endoscopic Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Case Report And Literature Review
Authors: Xie Yizhou , Zhou Qun , Wang Yongtao , Feng Chengzhi , Fan Xiaohong , Yu Yang
Published: December 2022

Background
Postoperative bone graft migration (PBGM) is a fairly rare spinal postoperative complication. Its occurrence after endoscopic surgery has rarely been reported in the literature so far. This is a case report of a 52-year-old male occurring PBGM into the thecal sac in the 8th days after an endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion (ELIF).
Case Presentation
A 52-year-old male patient, underwent a L4-5 ELIF, presented with an acute radiculopathy on right leg and urinary incontinence in the 8th postoperative day. An emergency lumbar Computed Tomography(CT scan) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) demonstrated bone graft migration into the thecal sac at the L4-5 level, and shifting down to the lower level. The revision surgery was performed at once. Finally, the patient get well managed before discharge.
Conclusion
PBGM into thecal sac is a rare but horrible complication of ELIF. However, too much volume of bone graft and its posteriorly placement are more prone to developing this complication. An emergency revision surgery is indicated once occurs.
Cytokine profiles in adults with imported malaria: insights from the PALUREA cohort study
Authors: de ROQUETAILLADE Charles , LAOUENAN Cédric , MIRA Jean-Paul , ROY Carine , THUONG Marie , AZOULAY Elie , GRUSON Didier , JACOBS Frederic , CHOMMELOUX Juliette , RAFFI François , HOCQUELOUX Laurent , IMBERT Patrick , JEANTILS Vincent , DELASSUS Jean-Luc , MATHERON Sophie , FITTING Catherine , TIMSIT Jean-François , BRUNEEL Fabrice
Published: December 2022

Introduction. Given the increase in worldwide exchanges, imported malaria is a growing health concern in non-endemic countries. Most data regarding malaria pathophysiology arises from endemic areas, and little is known about cytokine profiles during imported malaria.
Methods. We presented here the cytokines results of the PALUREA cohort study, which was conducted in France between 2006 and 2010. Adult patients were dichotomized between severe malaria (SM) and uncomplicated malaria (UM), and two subgroups were further defined in the SM group: very severe malaria (VSM) and less severe malaria (LSM). On hospital admission, cytokine blood tests were performed in duplicate using Luminex technology for eight cytokines: Interleukin (IL)-1a, IL-1ß, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, Interferon (IFN)γ and Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). For SM patients, repeated tests were made during the first 2 days following admission.
Results. 278 patients were included in the cytokine analysis: 134 with UM and 144 with SM. For IL-1a, IL-1b, IL-2, IL-4, IFNγ and TNF-a, more than 50% of patients had undetectable levels on hospital admission, when IL-10 and MIF were significantly higher in severe cases. IL-10 was significantly associated with parasitemia (R=0.32 [0.16 ; 0.46]; p = 0.0001). Patients with elevated IL-10 during the first days of ICU stay were more prone to develop subsequent secondary infections.
Conclusion. Among the 8 tested cytokines, only MIF and IL-10 were associated with disease severity among adult patients with imported plasmodium falciparummalaria. On admission, many patients had undetectable cytokine level, which suggests that assessment of circulating cytokines levels is not relevant in routine evaluation of malaria patients.
Air Pollution and Social Determinants of Health throughout U.S. Counties
Authors: Costin Andrea , Clark Ashley
Published: December 2022

Objective: Environmental factors play a crucial role in the health of the public. Air pollution is a major cause of mortality and morbidity, especially for children. Exposure levels need to be further evaluated relating to the socioeconomic status of residents. This report describes the most recent data on air pollution exposure and available county data on social determinants of health.
Methods:Publicly accessible 2020 data from CountyHealthRankings.com was assessed using Pearson correlations. Air pollution is measured as daily particulate matter at 2.5 micrograms per cubic meter.
Results: No health indicator was found to have a major correlation with air pollution particulate matter. The percent of the population with uninsured children weakly and negatively correlated with air pollution values (R= -0.342, p<0.001). Counties with a larger percentage of Black residents had positive weak correlations with air pollution (R= 0.305, p<0.001). Additionally, life expectancy was weakly and negatively correlated with air pollution particulate matter (R= -0.308, p<0.001). Variables pertaining to various economic factors, age, housing conditions, traffic amount, or poor health were unremarkably correlated with air pollution values.
Discussion: This study strengthens past findings in the population health literature that race is more strongly related to air pollution amount compared to economic status or age. Several social determinants are connected to air pollution and are worthy of further investigation.
Future Directions: The variables assessed may guide public health professionals for future research regarding the intersections between air pollution severity and social determinants of health, particularly racial demographics of counties.
Identification of RNF150 as the hub gene associated with microsatellite instability in gastric cancer
Authors: Pan Jun , Lan Qingzhi , Li Shengbao
Published: December 2022

Purpose
Gastric cancer (GC) is a common digestive tract malignancy with the sixth and third global incidence and cancer-related deaths, respectively. Microsatellite instability (MSI), account for one of the molecular subtypes of GC, plays an important role in GC and is affected by a sophisticated network of gene interactions. In this study, we aimed to explore the expression pattern and clinical performance of RNF150 in GC patients.
Methods
Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was exploited to single out the vital module and core genes in TCGA database. We applied the protein–protein interaction (PPI) and survival analysis to propose and confirm RNF150 as the hub gene. Finally, we utilized IHC to explore the expression pattern of RNF150 in GC patients.
Results
The turquoise module was adopted as core module for the sake of its highest correlation coefficient and higher module significance value. With the highest weight correlation and standard correlation, RNF150 was finally selected as the hub gene for following validation. In validation, data obtained from the test sets showed a lower expression of RNF150 in MSI GC compared to microsatellite stability (MSS) GC. Moreover, survival analysis shows that MSI GC patients with a lower RNF150 expression level displayed a longer OS time. In 10 GC patients, compared with normal gastric tissues, the protein level of RNF150 was virtually upregulated in GC tissue. Furthermore, RNF150 protein level was decreased in MSI GC samples compared to MSS GC samples, which is in accordance with results we obtained in database.
Conclusions
RNF150 was determined and confirmed as a novel biomarker in MSI GC. It is expected to be an auspicious prognostic biomarker for MSI GC patients.
Linking plant lignin components or microbial necromass to soil organic carbon accumulation across different forest types
Authors: Zhu Yiren , Hui Dafeng , Wang Ying-Ping , Liu Feng , Huang Shan , Li Jianling , Zhang Leiyi , Chen Guoyin , Chen Jingwen , Hu Yuanliu , Deng Qi
Published: December 2022

Slow cycling organic matter such as plant lignin components or microbial necromass play important roles in soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation, but their relatively importance are rarely quantified or have been under debate in forest ecosystems. While the traditional hypothesis holds that low-quality litter inputs generally favor more SOC accumulation by selectively storing recalcitrant lignin components, an emerging hypothesis highlights high-quality litter inputs effectively promoting more SOC formation due to faster microbial decomposition leading to more necromass products. Here, we compiled and analyzed a global database of plant lignin components (lignin phenols as biomarker; 126 individual sties) and microbial necromass (amino sugars as biomarker; 137 individual sties) together with SOC in surface mineral soils across coniferous, broad-leaved and mixed forests that represent different litter-quality inputs. Results showed that amino sugars were insignificant predictor for SOC variations across different forest types. SOC contents increased with lignin phenols, but lignin phenols were significantly higher in broad-leaved and mixed forests than in coniferous forests. Therefore, our findings challenge both traditional and emerging hypotheses, and provide new insights for future research on the mechanisms of SOC formation and stabilization from plant and microbial pathways.
A time-series analysis of morbidity and mortality of viral hepatitis in Venezuela, 1990–2016
Authors: Rísquez Alejandro , Echezuría Luis , Carrión-Nessi Fhabián S. , Forero-Peña David A.
Published: December 2022

Background
Viral hepatitis (VH) is a leading contributor to morbidity and mortality worldwide, constituting a public health problem associated with the level of human development. In recent years, Venezuela has experienced a political, social, and economic crisis and has been impacted by natural disasters that have led to the deterioration of sanitary and health infrastructures modifying the determinants of VH. Despite epidemiological studies conducted in specific regions of the country or in particular populations, the national epidemiological behaviour of VH remains unclear.
Methods
This is a time series study involving records of morbidity and mortality by HV in Venezuela reported during the period from 1990 to 2016. The Venezuelan population was taken as the denominator of the morbidity and mortality rates, according to the Venezuelan National Institute of Statistics and the 2016 population projections from the latest census published on the website of the responsible Venezuelan agency.
Results
During the study period, 630,502 cases and 4,679 deaths from VH in Venezuela were analysed. Most of the cases (n = 457,278; 72.6%) were classified as unspecific VH (UVH). The deaths were mainly attributed to VHB (n = 1,532; 32.7%), UVH (n = 1,287; 27.5%), and sequelae of VH (n = 977; 20.8%). The mean rates of cases and deaths from VH in the country were 95 ± 40.4 cases per 100,000 inhabitants and 0.7 ± 0.1 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants, respectively, showing a large dispersion that is evident from the calculation of the coefficients of variation. We document a strong correlation between UVH and VHA cases (0.77, p < 0.01). VHB mortality rate was very strongly correlated with sequelae of VH (–0.9, p < 0.01).
Conclusions
VH is a major burden of morbidity and mortality in Venezuela with an endemic-epidemic trend and an intermediate prevalence for VHA, VHB, and VHC. Epidemiological information is not published in a timely manner and diagnostic tests are insufficient in primary health services. There is an urgent need to resume epidemiological surveillance of VH and to optimise the classification system for a better understanding of UVH cases and deaths due to sequelae of VHB and VHC.
Manifestation of high endogenous heparinization in postpartum hemorrhage patient using thromboelastography: New avenue of coagulopathy monitoring
Authors: Tian Yan , Fei He , Ji Changfu , Lai Dong , Weng Ching-Feng
Published: December 2022

Background
Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a leading cause of severe maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide which leads to massive blood loss. Coagulation abnormalities in response to severe trauma or infection are a latent cause that might aggravate PPH.
Case presentation:
A 39-week menolipsis of a 26-year-old puerpera appeared lacking amniotic fluid and uterine infection after examination. During the cesarean section, the patient manifested fever, massive hemorrhage, and shock. The low coagulation of the PPH patient was diagnosed by thromboelastography (TEG) guided with heparinase (type I). According to the sequential monitoring via the TEG guided assay, the coagulopathy and hyper-heparinization were obviously shown. Concurrent protamine correction for the patient’s coagulation abnormality gradually resulted in a stable condition after 4 hours of emergent treatment. This setting revealed that TEG-guided determination of endogenous heparin and subsequent infusion of protamine effectively reversed the syndrome of PPH.
Conclusions
This is an investigation of the PPH syndrome with infection patient recommends that hyper-endogenous heparinization should be clinically taken into consideration for low coagulation.
Ferulic acid attenuates panrceaticobiliary duct occlusion induced inflammation in both pancreas and liver
Authors: Cilingir Sumeyye , Açıkel-Elmas Merve , Arbak Serap , Kolgazi Meltem
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Acute pancreatitis is a systemic inflammatory disorder characterized by the hyperactivation of digestion enzymes and the release of proinflammatory cytokines. Ferulic acid (FA) is a hydroxycinnamic acid derivative that has recently been shown to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
Aim: The anti-inflammatory effects of FA were investigated in the pancreaticobiliary duct ligation (PBDL)–induced pancreatitis model.
Methods: Wistar albino rats (250–300 g; female=male) were divided into sham operation and PBDL groups. Some PBDL-performed animals were given intragastric saline or 250 mg/kg FA or 500 mg/kg FA 30 minutes before the PBDL and for 3 consecutive days. Moreover, the sham group received saline. Blood samples are collected at the 24th, 48th, and 72nd hours to measure serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, liver, and pancreatic enzyme. At the 72nd hour, rats were euthanized; pancreas, lung, and liver samples were collected, scored microscopically, and analyzed for myeloperoxidase activity, malondialdehyde, and glutathione levels. One-way ANOVA with Tukey-Kramer tests were used for statistical analysis.
Results: FA treatment reduced myeloperoxidase activity and prevented the depletion of glutathione in all three tissues. With FA treatments, high malondialdehyde levels in the pancreas and liver were reduced, as were serum TNF- α, amylase, lipase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and total bilirubin levels. Additionally, FA ameliorated microscopic damage in the pancreas and liver significantly.
Conclusion: According to the findings, FA protects endogenous antioxidant content, prevents neutrophil infiltration, and decreases lipid peroxidation in PBDL-induced pancreatitis. Furthermore, FA improves tissue damage induced by pancreatitis with its anti-inflammatory effects.
Addressing barriers in utilization and provisioning of obstetric care services (OCS) in India: A mixed method systematic review
Authors: Singh Sushmita , Rajak Rahul
Published: December 2022

Background: Despite the reduction in the maternal mortality ratio, Obstetric care service (OCS) barriers remain the significant risk factor for adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes in India. This review is relevant because it covers all three obstetric care components (ANC, child delivery, and PNC services) and identifies multiple barriers from provisioning to utilization of OCS in India. We conducted a systematic review to address the barriers in utilization and provisioning of OCS in India using a mixed-method review.
Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google scholar, and Science direct databases were searched from 1st January 2000 to 30th June 2022. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed using appropriate tools. We have included 56 studies (33 quantitative, 18 qualitative, and 5 mixed method studies) after 164 full texts review. All the barriers are classified into five major themes, i.e. (i) individual and interpersonal barriers, (ii) social and cultural barriers, (iii) structural barriers, (iv) logistical barriers, and (v) organization barriers. Thematic synthesis approach was used to present the findings from included studies.
Results: Lack of knowledge and awareness, and less family support in availing the required OCS were key individual and interpersonal barriers. Negative social and cultural practices such as belief in traditional herbs/healers, dietary restrictions, and discarding colostrum were frequently reported barriers especially in rural settings. Poor economic status and high health service costs were the most reported barriers to low institutional delivery and delayed ANC services. Additionally, long distances to health facilities and poor road conditions were the most frequent logistical barriers. On the provisioning side, poor quality of treatment, shortage of drugs and equipment and non-cooperative attitude of health professionals were the most significant barriers.
Conclusion: Governments should take necessary steps to tackle the mentioned barriers and encourage women to make their own health decisions. Keywords: Obstetric care service; Barriers; Maternal Health; Systematic Review; India
"A Comprehensive Assessment of Suitability of Global Precipitation Products for Hydro- meteorological Applications in a Data-Sparse Himalayan Region"
Authors: Kumar Sonu , Babel Mukand S , Agarwal Anshul , Khadka Dibesh , Baghel Triambak
Published: December 2022

Observation rainfall networks in developing countries like Nepal face many challenges (like availability and quality). Global Precipitation Products (GPPs) could be an alternative to Gauge-based Observed Rainfall (GOR) in hydro-meteorological studies. However, GPPs performance across the Himalayan regions still needs to be discovered and is influenced by several factors such as spatial and temporal resolutions, primary data sources, etc. We have comprehensively assessed the suitability of the latest GPPs using categorical and continuous variable performance metrics for the Gandak river basin in the Nepalese Himalayas. We then ranked GPPs for the first time using the Multicriteria Decision-Making technique. 11 out of 12 GPPs considered underestimated the annual rainfall in the basin. The performance of GPPs was also inconsistent for monthly/annual and daily timescales. At longer timescales, CHIRPS and IMERG_Final are better at representing the spatial and temporal pattern of the rainfall (spatial correlation of 0.78) and the least percentage bias (PBIAS < 15%). At a daily timescale, IMERG_Final, ERA5, and PERSIANN_CDR stand out for probability of detection (POD) of rainfall, while all GPPs perform poorly in False alarm ratio (FAR). Although all GPPs have relatively high RMSE (6–14 mm/day), correlation (CC) with observed rainfall was high for IMERG_Final, ERA5, and MERRA_2 in most of the sub-basins. With elevation, the performance of all GPPs is reduced, as evidenced by higher RMSE, PBIAS, and lower CC. Although there is plenty of room for improvements in rainfall estimation by GPPs, among the existing dataset, IMERG_Final scored best in the majority of the performance indicators and ranked first in five out of six sub-basins. It would be relatively the better choice in the data-sparse Himalayan region when daily rainfall data is required. For applications that require monthly/annual rainfall, both CHIRPS and IMERG_Final are equally suitable. The method proposed in the study for assessing GPPs can be readily applied in other river basins and at sub-daily timescales.
Continuous positive airway pressure therapy prevents the recurrence of atrial fibrillation in patients with severer atrial fibrillation and hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Yuxin , Luo Jinmei , Huang Rong , Xiao Yi
Published: December 2022

Background: A higher incidence of atrial fibrillation is linked to obstructive sleep apnea. The effects of continuous positive airway pressure on atrial fibrillation have been studied in observational studies and randomized controlled trials. We conducted this meta-analysis to assess the effect of continuous positive airway pressure therapy on the recurrence of atrial fibrillation after conversion to sinus rhythm in obstructive sleep apnea patients.
Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases from inception till October 2022. We included cohort studies and randomized controlled trials containing the recurrent situation of atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation or direct current cardioversion with and without continuous positive airway pressure therapy. The random-effects model was used to evaluate the odds ratios (OR) and confidence intervals (CI). I2 was used to assess the heterogeneity.
Results: 8 studies with a total of 1372 obstructive sleep apnea patients met the inclusion criteria. Continuous positive airway pressure therapy decreased atrial fibrillation recurrence by 57% (OR=0.43, 95% CI 0.29-0.64, I2=38.0%). Subgroup analysis showed that the protective effect was more significant in groups with a higher burden of atrial fibrillation (OR 0.294 vs. 0.622, 95% CI 0.164-0.524 vs. 0.376-1.027, p=0.055) and with more hypertension patients (OR 0.272 vs. 0.550, 95% CI 0.165-0.449 vs. 0.329-0.922, p=0.054). Age, body mass index, severity of OSA, and therapy compliance had no significant effect on the recurrence of atrial fibrillation.
Conclusions: Continuous positive airway pressure therapy decreased the atrial fibrillation recurrence rate. The severity of atrial fibrillation and hypertension both had an impact on it. Studies focused on the effects of the severity of OSA and treatment compliance, and more randomized controlled trials are needed in the future.
Explainable AI and Interpretable Model for Insurance Premium Prediction
Authors: Isa Umar Abdulkadir , Fernando Anil
Published: December 2022

Traditional machine learning metrics, such as precision, recall, accuracy, Mean Squared Error (MSE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) among others, do not provide sufficient confidence for practitioners with regard to the performance and dependability of their models. Therefore, there is a need to provide an explanation of the model to machine-learning professionals to establish trust in the model prediction and provide a human-understandable explanation to domain specialists. This was achieved by developing a model-independent and locally accurate explanation set. This set makes the conclusions of the primary models understandable to anyone in the insurance industry, including experts and non-experts. The interpretability of this model is vital for effective human interaction with machine learning systems. It is also important to provide an individual-explained prediction that will gauge trust, in addition to completing and supporting set validations in model selection. Therefore, this study proposes the use of LIME and SHAP approaches to understand and explain a model developed using random forest regression to predict insurance premiums. The drawback of the SHAP algorithms, as indicated in these experiments, is the lengthy computing time and every possible computing combination needed to produce the findings. Additionally, the intentions of the experiments conducted were focused on the model's interpretability and explainability using LIME and SHAP, and not on insurance premium charge prediction. Two experiments were conducted, experiment one focused on interpreting the random forest regression model using LIME techniques while experiment two used the SHAP technique to interpret the model.
Hybrid synthesis of polyhydroxybutyrate bioplastics from carbon dioxide
Authors: zhang jie , Liu Dingyu , liu yuwan , chu huanyu , Bai Jie , Cheng Jian , zhao haodong , Fu Shaoping , Liu Huihong , Fu YuE , Ma Yanhe , Jiang Huifeng
Published: December 2022

Global sustainable development has intensified the demand for switching to a renewable economy with a reduced carbon footprint. Here, we report a hybrid system, coupling a chemical process for CO2reduction with hydrogen, and a biological process for polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) synthesis, capable of converting CO2into bioplastics with a theoretical carbon yield of 100%. The synthetic pathway from CO2to PHB was modularly optimized by improving the catalytic efficiency of key enzymes, avoiding the kinetic trap of metabolic flux and optimizing the whole catalytic processes, resulting in 5.96 g/L PHB with a productivity of 1.19 g L− 1h− 1and a molar CO2utilization efficiency of 71.8%. These results represent a promising closed-loop production process from CO2to biodegradable plastics.
Nurses' responses to monitor alarms during intra-hospital transports: an observational study
Authors: Li Ting , Hu Huiling , Wu Xue
Published: December 2022

Background
When patients in intensive care units have to be transported to another location in the same hospital due to lack of medical staff or the complexity of the patient's condition, nurses must deal with monitoring alarms quickly.
Objective
To explore the responses of nurses to monitor alarms during intra-hospital transports of patients, observing nurses for the presence of alarm fatigue during the transport, and to determine whether their responses are related to their cognitive resources, obstacles to alarm management, training, or other factors.
Methods
An observational descriptive study.An investigator using participatory observation.The object of study are nurses in the Intensive Care Unit,a semi-structured observation form was used to record the data collected. Finally the nurse answered the questionnaire.
Results
Forty-two alarms were activated for 40 patients during the transport process, including two patients who had two alarms. Six (14.3%) alarms were not dealt with, 36 (85.7%) were dealt with, and 11 (26.2%) were corrected after treatment. The nurses had alarm fatigue; their score on Part 1 of a clinical alarm questionnaire and their total score on the Clinical Alarm Fatigue Questionnaire showed a significant negative correlation between their training and alarm fatigue.
Conclusion
Nurses lack information about individual settings for transport monitors. Improving the cognitive capabilities of nurses to respond to clinical alarms can reduce alarm fatigue during intra-hospital transports.
Caution or risk：how institutional diversity impacts differently on foreign direct investment (FDI) amongst enterprises in the real and virtual economies？
Authors: Zhang Runze , Gao Meihong , Sun Jianguo
Published: December 2022

Over recent years successful development of the real economy has served as a pivot for China to “depart from the real to the virtual”. The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) provides an opportunity for Chinese enterprises to achieve internationalization. Based on the diversity of institutions, a difference in difference in differences (DDD) model is constructed to analyze how investment motivations differ for real economy enterprises and virtual economy enterprises in countries that form part of the BRI. There are four main observations: (1) real economy enterprises tend to invest in countries that form part of the BRI and have mature markets and similar institutional environments. Furthermore, investment risks and transaction costs are contributary factors in enterprise decision-making in relation to the BRI; (2) real economy enterprises are more cautious towards foreign investment. Considering investment risks and transaction costs, they also focus on the influence of institutional diversity amongst countries; (3) virtual economy enterprises are instead motivated by return on capital when it comes to foreign investment. Investment risk and transaction costs have little impact on their decision-making; (4) foreign investment is also affected by cultural differences and geographical location, which has been promoted by the opening of the Maritime Silk Road.
Pan-cancer analysis of oncogenic BARX2 identifying its prognostic value and immunological function in Liver hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yu Shi’an , Yang Yu , Yang Han’qing , Peng Long , Wu Zhi’peng , Sun Liang , Wu Zheng’yi , Yu Xu’zhe , Yin Xiang’bao
Published: December 2022

Transcription factor BarH-like homeobox 2 ( BARX2 ), a member of the Bar-like homeobox gene family,involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, immune response and tumorigenesis. However, the potential role of BARX2 in the development of Liver hepatocellular carcinoma ( LIHC ) remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to study the biological role of BARX2 in hepatocellular carcinoma.Through UALCAN, GTEx PORTAL, TIMER 2.0, LinkedOmics, SMART, MethSurv, Metascape, GSEA and STRING public databases, the BARX2 mRNA level, prognostic value, co-expressed genes, differentially expressed genes, DNA methylation and functional enrichment analysis of LIHC patients were studied. The relationship between BARX2 expression and various clinical or genetic parameters of LIHC patients was determined using data from the Cancer Genome Atlas ( TCGA ), Gene Expression Omnibus ( GEO ), and BEAT LIHC databases. In addition, the biological function of BARX2 in LIHC was studied in vitro. Through large-scale data mining, our study shows that BARX2 is differentially expressed in different normal and tumor tissues. BARX2 expression in LIHC tissues was significantly lower than in the corresponding controls, especially in patients with T2-4 stage. In patients with LIHC, overexpression of BARX2 is an independent poor prognostic factor associated with poor cytogenetic risk and gene mutations. Genomic hypermethylation of the BARX2 gene was associated with upregulated BARX2 expression and low OS in LIHC. Functional enrichment analysis showed that BARX2 has an immunomodulatory role and inflammatory response in LIHC occurrence.In conclusion, the oncogene BARX2 may serve as a new biomarker and prognostic factor for patients with LIHC. the immunomodulatory function of BARX2 deserves further validation in LIHC.
GAS6-AS1, a long noncoding RNA, functions as a key candidate gene in atrial fibrillation related stroke determined by ceRNA network analysis and WGCNA
Authors: Li Rui-bin , Yang Xiao-hong , Zhang Ji-dong , Cui Wei
Published: December 2022

Background Stroke attributable to atrial fibrillation (AF related stroke, AFST) accounts for 13 ~ 26% of ischemic strokes. It has been found that AFST patients had greater disability and mortality than those without AF. Additionally, it’s still a great challenge to treat AFST patients because its exact mechanism at the molecular level remains unclear. Thus, it’s vital to investigate the mechanism of AFST and search for molecular targets of treatment. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are related to the pathogenesis of various diseases. However, the role of lncRNAs in AFST remains unclear. In this study, AFST-related lncRNAs are explored using competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Methods GSE66724 and GSE58294 datasets were downloaded from GEO database. After data preprocessing and probe reannotation, differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) and differentially expressed mRNAs (DEMs) between AFST and AF samples were explored. Then, a functional enrichment analysis and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis of the DEMs were performed. At the meantime, ceRNA network analysis and WGCNA were performed to identify hub lncRNAs. The overlap between hub lncRNAs identified by WGCNA and ceRNA network was further validated by Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). Results In total, 19 DELs and 317 DEMs were identified between the AFST and AF samples. Functional enrichment analysis suggested that the DEMs associated with AFST were mainly enriched in the activation of the immune response. Two lncRNAs were screened as hub lncRNAs by overlapping of the three lncRNAs identified by the ceRNA network and the 28 lncRNAs identified by WGCNA. Finally, lncRNA GAS6-AS1 turned out to be associated with AFST by CTD further validation. Conclusion These findings suggested that low expression of GAS6-AS1 might exert an essential role in AFST through downregulating its downstream target mRNAs GOLGA8A and Bach2, and GAS6-AS1 might be a potential target for AFST therapy.
Extracting events influencing anomalous behavior in stock market - A data driven approach using sentiment analysis
Authors: Sagar Som , M.S. Suchithra
Published: December 2022

Time series discrepancies can provide insight into critical situations affecting a company's stock. However, detecting the cause of anomalies in a time series data is particularly challenging due to the lack of datasets and highly complex temporal correlations. The recent advancement of internet technology has transformed the communications network, allowing the public to disclose knowledge such as news, social media contents, and so on via the internet, resulting in the exponential growth of web data. Massive amounts of publicly available data may hold the key to unveiling the financial market's unexplained anomalous behaviors. In this paper, a review is done on anomaly detection in stock market series data and a study is done on correlations between sentiments of news, tweets and opinions and stock price which shows collective news sentiments inversely affect stock price. Further we propose an lexicon based approach improved on a financial dataset for finding influencing factors of an anomaly period. Our analysis shows a strong correlation between the sentiment of our data and the stock price and were also successful in extracting major events that could have been cause of on anomaly.
Perineural adjuncts are superior to intravenous dexamethasone during a single shit nerve block in the shoulder under arthroscopy：a meta-analysis
Authors: Wu Rongcan , Chen Zhi , Chen Gang , Sun Jun , Liu Wenge
Published: December 2022

Purpose: Both perineural and intravenous routes of dexamethasone adminstration prolong the efficacy of a single interscalene brachial plexus block (ISB). However, the best route of administration remains a topic of debate.Our aim in this meta-analysis was to compare the efficacy and safety of perineural versus intravenous injection of dexamethasone in the treatment of ISB during arthroscopic shoulder surgery.
Methods: Relevant studies published before May 05 2021 were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases according to the preferred reporting items of the Systematic Evaluation and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The primary outcomes were duration of analgesia, sensory block,and motor block. The secondary outcomes included postoperative pain, opioid consumption and incidence of adverse events.
Results: Seven studies including 846 patients were identified. We found that, compared to the intravenous route,a perineural injection of dexamethasone significantly prolongs analgesia time (weighted mean difference[WMD]: 1.699 hours; 95% CI: 0.0014, 3.384; p=0.048) and reduces postoperative pain at 12 hours (WMD: -0.652; 95% CI: -1.129, -0.176; p=0.007). There was no significant difference between the two routes in the duration of sensory and motor block, postoperative pain and opioid consumption at 24 hours, and the incidence of adverse events (dyspnea, sleep disturbance, and postoperative glucose changes).
Conclusions: The current evidence demonstrates the superior effect of perineural dexamethasone for more prolonged analgesia and the reduction of acute postoperative pain.
Harnessing CD3 diversity to optimise CAR T cells
Authors: Minguet Susana , Cárdenas Rubí Velasco , Brandl Simon , Schlaak Emilia , Buschky Annabelle , Peters Timo , Beier Fabian , Serrels Bryan , Taromi Sanaz , Raute Katrin , Hauri Simon , Gstaiger Matthias , Lassman Silke , Huppa Johannes , Boerries Melanie , Andrieux Geoffroy , Bengsch Bertram , Schamel Wolfgang
Published: December 2022

Current FDA-approved CAR T cells harbour the TCR-derived ζ chain as intracellular activation domain. The contribution of the other chains of the TCR complex, namely CD3δ, CD3ε, and CD3γ in a CAR format remains unknown. Here, we have systematically engineered novel CD3-based CARs. Unexpectedly, CARs containing CD3δ, CD3ε or CD3γ cytoplasmic tails outperformed conventional ζ CAR T cells in vivo. Transcriptomic and proteomic analysis revealed differences in activation potential, metabolism and stimulation-induced T cell dysfunctionality that mechanistically explain the enhanced anti-tumour performance. Using these CARs as minimalistic and synthetic surrogate TCRs, we have identified the phosphatase SHP-1 as a new interaction partner of CD3δ that binds the CD3δ-ITAM upon phosphorylation of its C-terminal tyrosine. SHP-1 attenuates and restrains activation signals and might thus prevent exhaustion and dysfunction. These new insights into T cell activation could promote the rational redesign of synthetic antigen receptors to improve cancer immunotherapy.
Relationships Between Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder and Parkinson’s Disease: Indication from Gut Microbiota Alterations
Authors: Zhang Pingchen , Huang Pei , Li Yuanyuan , Du Juanjuan , Luo Ningdi , He Yixi , Liu Jin , He Guiying , Cui Shishuang , Zhang Weishan , Li Gen , Shen Xin , Jun Liu , Chen Shengdi
Published: December 2022

Background Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) has close relationship with Parkinson’s disease (PD), and even was regarded as the most reliable hallmark of prodromal PD. RBD might have similar changes in neuroimaging and gut dysbiosis to PD, but the relationship between RBD and PD in gut microbial alteration is rarely studied. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether there are the consistent changes between RBD and PD in gut microbiota, and find some specific biomarkers in RBD that might indicate phenoconversion to PD. Results This case-control study assessed microbiota of fecal samples from 35 idiopathic RBD (iRBD), 30de novoPD with RBD, 64 PD without RBD and 60 normal controls (NCs) by 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon sequencing (16S rRNA) and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Alpha-diversity showed no remarkable difference and beta-diversity showed significant differences based on the unweighted (R = 0.035,P = 0.037) and weighted (R = 0.0045,P = 0.008) UniFrac analysis among four groups. Enterotype distribution showedRuminococcuswas dominant in iRBD, PD with RBD and PD without RBD, while NC wasBacteroides-dominant. 7 genera (4 increased:Aerococcus, Eubacterium,GordonibacterandStenotrophomonas, 3 decreased:Butyricicoccus, FaecalibacteriumandHaemophilus) were consistently changed in iRBD and PD with RBD. Among them, 4 genera (Aerococcus, Eubacterium,Butyricicoccus, Faecalibacterium) remained distinctive in the comparison between PD with RBD and PD without RBD.Butyricicoccus and Faecalibacteriumwere found negatively correlated with the severity of RBD, andStenotrophomonaswas found positively related to RBD disease duration. Functional analysis showed iRBD had similarly increased staurosporine biosynthesis to PD with RBD. Conclusions RBD has similar gut microbial changes to PD. DecreasedButyricicoccusandFaecalibacteriummight be specific to RBD, and also potential hallmark of phenoconversion of RBD to PD.
Three-Dimensional Anatomy of the Tibialis Anterior Tendon and its Clinical Implications for Tendon Rupture
Authors: Lee Hyung-Jin , Choi You-Jin
Published: December 2022

Purpose
The present study aimed to evaluate the precise three-dimensional (3D) insertion site of the tibialis anterior tendon and to compare the classification systems to identify potential differences between populations.
Methods
Seventy lower limbs were dissected. The tibialis anterior tendon was dissected to verify the insertion site to the medial cuneiform and the base of the first metatarsal bone. The 3D territory of the tibialis anterior tendon insertion on the medial cuneiform and the first metatarsal bones was measured on a reconstructed 3D model.
Results
The insertion pattern of the tibialis anterior tendon was classified into three types, the most common being Type I: a single tibialis anterior tendon dividing into two equal-sized bands to the medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal bone (57.1%, 40/70 of cases). The 3D territory of the tibialis anterior tendon was larger in the plantar aspect than in the medial side of both the medial cuneiform and the base of the first metatarsal bone. The tendon width at the medial cuneiform was wider than at the first metatarsal bone.
Conclusion
The tibialis anterior tendon was more commonly attached to the plantar part than the medial part in both the medial cuneiform and the base of the first metatarsal bone. The morphology of the tendon insertion was similar to that in Caucasian data. This anatomic information will help surgeons to perform anatomical reconstruction of the tibialis anterior tendon and reduce further tendon damage in the first metatarsocuneiform joint area.
Bursting Oscillation Process and Formation Mechanism of Doubly- fed Induction Generator
Authors: Chen Wei , Li Jiangtao , Wang Kun , Wei Zhanhong
Published: December 2022

This paper proposes an analytical method based on bifurcation theory and frequency domain fast-slow scale coupling to explain the oscillation process of a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) and its formation mechanism, in view of the bursting oscillation behavior of Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) when the system parameters vary under external disturbance. First, a mathematical model of the fourth-order generalized autonomous system of DFIG is established. Then, a two-parameter bifurcation diagram is introduced to study the bifurcation mechanism of the system when the internal parameters of the DFIG vary under external disturbance. To address the codim 2-bifurcation under the two-parameter variation, a three-dimensional overlay diagram is used to analyze the bursting oscillation process caused by the codim 2-bifurcation. In addition, the system operation is classified into three categories according to the bifurcation type of the two parameters. The oscillation state of the system when the DFIG is in different parameter ranges and the bifurcation type and formation mechanism causing bursting oscillation are analyzed using the equilibrium point distribution, transition phase, and timing diagrams. The research enriches the dynamic characteristics of the DFIG system and provides a theoretical basis for suppressing the bursting oscillation of the DFIG system.