bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Propiedades físico-mecánicas y simulación por computadora del daño por impacto en guayaba (Psidium guajava L.)
Authors: Pérez López Artemio
Published: September 2018

El conocimiento de factores externos a los que se exponen los frutos durante el manejo postcosecha son importantes. Estos pueden ser determinantes en el tiempo de vida de anaquel hasta llegar al consumo. Se realizó caracterización física-mecánica en frutos de guayaba en etapa de madurez fisiológica (50 % verde) y madurez de consumo (amarilla), esto con la finalidad de obtener parámetros de referencia en las variables de diámetro geométrico (), esfericidad (), área superficial (), carga de compresión, esfuerzo y módulo de Young. Se evaluaron los efectos de pruebas de impacto realizadas con frutos de guayaba, sobre dos superficies (madera y concreto) y a dos alturas (50 cm y 100 cm), a partir de los cambios en la velocidad de respiración, color en la epidermis, pérdida de peso y porcentaje de daño. Se realizó un modelado solido tridimensional de fruto de guayaba mediante el mallador automático de Solidworks Simulation, con el fin de obtener, por simulación de impacto, el esfuerzo máximo que es capaz de soportar un fruto en la zona de impacto a diferentes alturas.
Traspatios y percepción del programa PESA.
Authors: Montes de Oca Erika Román , García Matías Francisco , Sainz Aispuro Manuel De Jesús , Juantorena Ugás Alina
Published: September 2018

Los traspatios durante años han formado parte de la seguridad alimentaria y son pieza fundamental en las estrategias de vida de la unidad familiar rural. Las instituciones han considerado este modelo como una alternativa de seguridad alimentaria, muestra de ello es la implementación del programa PESA en las comunidades marginadas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar cómo perciben las beneficiarias la contribución del programa PESA en los aspectos económicos y sociales de la unidad familiar. La metodología es de tipo cualitativa a través del método fenomenológico, se encuestaron a 40 mujeres y 8 se entrevistaron de un total de 81, la muestra utilizada fue la bola de nieve. Resultando que 100% de las encuestadas comentaron que el programa mejoró sus ingresos; asimismo, dijeron que con este apoyo optimizaron el manejo de las aves, se beneficiaron en la alimentación y les generó una mayor estima.
Zene – ritmus – játék. A ritmikai fejlesztés lehetőségei, kérdései első osztályban
Authors: Pethő Villő , Mucsi Gergő , Surján Noémi
Published: September 2018

Az ének-zene tantárgy módszertani megújulásának lehetőségeit keresve kutatócsoportunk az ének-zene tanórába ágyazott ritmikai fejlesztés kidolgozásába fogott. A fejlesztőprogram az általános iskola első évfolyamát érinti, mely egyben a ritmikai készségek fejlődésének szenzitív időszakát is jelenti. A ritmikai készségek fejlődése mellett célunk a gyermekek ének-zene tantárgyhoz fűződő attitűdjének, motivációjának és iskolai teljesítményének pozitív befolyásolása. Hazai és külföldi kutatások eredményei egyaránt azt mutatják, hogy a ritmikai készségek fejlettsége kapcsolatban van a kognitív készségek fejlődésével. A program háromhónapos kísérlete az elmúlt tanévben zajlott, melynek tapasztalatai egy komplexebb, héthónapos fejlesztési programba épültek be. Jelen tanulmányban a komplex, héthónapos fejlesztőprogram kidolgozásának szakirodalmi hátterét és a kerettanterv fejlesztési céljait mutatjuk be. Két tankönyv ritmikai fejlesztési feladatainak elemzését követően pedig a ritmikai készségeket érintő kísérleti fejlesztőprogramunk alapelvei és feladatai kerülnek részletes ismertetésre.
Motiválás az ének-zene órákon
Authors: Jakobicz Dorottya , Wamzer Gabriella , Józsa Krisztián
Published: September 2018

Az ének-zene órák azon iskolai tantárgyak közé tartoznak, amelyeket a tanulók többsége nem igazán kedvel. A tanulmányban arra a kérdésre keresünk választ, hogy a tanítási módszerek megváltoztatásával erősíthető-e a tanulási motiváció az ének-zene órákon. Tanulmányunk első felében az ének-zene oktatás néhány jellemzőjét foglaljuk össze, elsősorban a hazai motiváció-kutatások eredményeire fókuszálva. A második részben a drámapedagógiai gyakorlatok, a kooperatív tanulási technikák, a projektmódszer, a problémaalapú tanulás és a digitális eszközök ének-zene órai alkalmazásának a lehetőségeit mutatjuk be. Általános iskolában végzett megfigyeléseink, valamint a tanulói visszajelzések alapján úgy véljük, hogy ezek a módszerek motiválóan hatnak az ének-zene tanórákon.
A zenei észlelés fejlettségének vizsgálata hagyományos és számítógépes tesztfelvétellel
Authors: Surján Noémi , Janurik Márta
Published: September 2018

Tanulmányunkban a zenei észlelés fejlettségét vizsgáltuk az általános iskola első évfolyamán. Célunk két eltérő adatfelvételi mód, a papír-ceruza alapú (PP) és a számítógépes tesztelés (CB) összevetése, melyhez korábbi, papír-ceruza alapú tesztünket adaptáltuk online, számítógépes felületre. Papír-ceruza alapon 130, számítógépes felületen pedig 155 tanuló vett részt a vizsgálatban. Eredményeink alapján mindkét mérőeszköz megbízhatósága megfelelő, a reliabilitásmutatók között a teljes tesztre vonatkozóan nincs szignifikáns különbség. A két teszt esetében kapott faktorstruktúrák összevethetőek, a hangmagasság észleléséhez és az időbeli feldolgozáshoz kapcsolódó készségek szerinti faktorok különíthetőek el. A zenei észlelés általános fejlettsége szerint azonban a két tesztváltozat között szignifikáns különbséget kaptunk, a papír-ceruza teszt alapján kimutatott fejlettség 8%p-al nagyobb (PP=58%p; CB=50%p). Kutatásunkat első lépésnek tekintjük, eredményeink alapján további, nagyobb mintán és magasabb évfolyamokra is kiterjedő kutatások szükségesek.
A kottaolvasás és az orientációs képesség összefüggésének vizsgálata online tesztkörnyezetben
Authors: Buzás Zsuzsa , Maródi Ágnes
Published: September 2018

Kutatásunkban a zenei műveltség egyik alapvető komponensét, a kottaolvasás fejlettségét, valamint az orientációs képességgel való kapcsolatát vizsgáltuk online diagnosztikus tesztkörnyezetben 9–12 éves zeneiskolás tanulók bevonásával (n=124). Saját fejlesztésű mérőeszközünkkel a dallamolvasás, a ritmusolvasás, a zenei hallás fejlettségéről, valamint a zenei szimbólumok és fogalmak ismeretéről alkottunk képet. Az orientációs képesség vizsgálatára szintén saját fejlesztésű mérőeszközt alkalmaztunk. A kottaolvasás negyedik és hatodik évfolyam között szignifikánsan fejlődik. A dallamolvasás, a ritmusolvasás, a zenei hallás, valamint a zenei szimbólumok ismerete szignifikánsan összefügg a kottaolvasás fejlettségével. Az orientációs képesség és a kottaolvasás között szintén szignifikáns korreláció mutatható ki. A zeneiskolai tantárgyak közül a zenetörténet és a zenekar érdemjegyei állnak legszorosabb kapcsolatban a kottaolvasás fejlettségével. A szolfézs tantárgy tevékenységei iránti tanulói attitűd vizsgálata alapján pedig az éneklés és a zenehallgatás szignifikáns korrelációja mutatható ki. A szülők iskolai végzettsége és a kottaolvasás fejlettsége között nem találtunk összefüggést. Az elméleti jelentőségén túl kutatásunk hozzájárulhat a kottaolvasást segítő fejlesztő programok kidolgozásához.
Az iskolai zenetanulás iránti motivációt alakító néhány tényező
Authors: Janurik Márta , Józsa Krisztián
Published: September 2018

A tanulmány az ének-zene tanórákhoz kapcsolódó tanulási motivációval foglalkozik. A kérdőíves vizsgálatban 140 hetedikes tanuló vett részt nyolc iskolai osztályból. Az ének-zene órákhoz fűződő tanulói attitűd, valamint az énekórákon folytatott különböző zenei tevékenységek állnak a vizsgálat fókuszában. A magyar iskolai gyakorlat jelentős szerepet szentel a tanórai éneklésnek, ezért az éneklés iránti tanulói attitűd kiemelt figyelmet kapott a kutatásban. Az eredmények szerint a hetedikesek ének-zene órák iránti attitűdje meglehetősen negatív. Nem kedvelik az éneklést, a kottaolvasás és a zenehallgatás iránt sem mutatnak érdeklődést. Jelentősek a fiúk és a lányok közötti különbségek, a lányok attitűdje jobb, de még így sem tekinthető pozitívnak. Számottevő különbségek vannak az iskolai osztályok között, ami a pedagógusok, osztályközösség attitűdöt formáló hatására hívja fel a figyelmet. Az ének-zene órák iránti attitűd alakulásában döntő szerepet játszik magának az éneklésnek a kedveltsége, továbbá a kottaolvasás kedvelése, a zenehallgatás kedvelése és a zenei fejlődéssel kapcsolatos tanulói hitek, meggyőződések.
PEMANFAATAN RAPID MINER STUDIO 8.2 UNTUK PENGELOMPOKAN DATA PENJUALAN AKSESORIS MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA K-MEANS
Authors: Mardalius Mardalius
Published: September 2018

Pada toko Rafadel Acc menjual berbagai jenis aksesoris yang tersedia yang dijual di toko tersebut. Dari berbagai jenis aksesoris yang dijual tentu tidak semuanya yang laku terjual dan juga ada yang kurang laku serta ada juga yang tidak pernah terjual sama sekali. Dengan adanya masalah ini maka kita perlu melakukan perhitungan untuk menentukan atau mengelompokkan mana kategori aksesoris yang laku, kurang laku dan tidak laku terjual, dalam proses pengelompokan maka akan digunakan sebuah metode pengelompokan menggunakan Algoritma K-Means Clustering sebagai metode perhitungan secara manual dan dalam implementasinya maka digunakan sebuah software Data Mining menggunakan RapidMiner Studio versi 8.2. Dengan adanya aplikasi RapidMiner Studio ini pemilik toko dapat melihat hasil pengelompokan aksesoris mana yang paling laku, laku dan kurang laku. Maka, bila terdapat produk yang tidak laku, pemilik toko dapat mencari alternative lain agar aksesoris yang tidak laku dapat menjadi laku. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data adalah observasi dan wawancara kepada pemilik toko Rafadel Acc
Arduino Uno-based Water Turbidity Meter Using LDR and LED Sensors
Authors: Siahaan Andysah Putera Utama , Aryza Solly , Nasution Muhammad Dharma Tuah Putra
Published: September 2018

Arduino Uno water turbidity gauge has been successfully designed and manufactured. This tool is made using LDR as sensor and led as a light source to measure the water turbidity value and Arduino Uno for data processing. The existence of this tool is already familiar and comfortable to find. However, the price is relatively higher to make this tool is only owned by certain circles only. Nephelometric Method is a method of measuring the turbidity of water by passing a light source on water so that the intensity of light reflected by the sub- stances causing turbidity can be known. With the use of led as a light source and photodiode as a light detector, and combined with processing using Arduino Uno then the voltage obtained from the LDR sensor in the form of analog data is processed into digital data and can be displayed in the LCD.
A Meta-analysis of Employment Discrimination Against Muslims and Arabs
Authors: Bartkoski Timothy , Herrmann Ellen , Witt Chelsea , Rudolph Cort
Published: September 2018

Muslim and Arab individuals are discriminated against in almost all domains. Recently, there hasbeen a focus on examining the treatment of these groups in the work setting. Despite the great number of primary studies examining this issue, there has not yet been a quantitative review of the research literature. To fill this gap, this meta-analysis examined the presence and magnitude of hiring discrimination against Muslim and Arab individuals. Using 46 independent effect sizes from 26 sources, we found evidence of discrimination against Muslim and Arab people in employment judgments, behaviors, and decisions across multiple countries. Moderator analyses revealed that discrimination is stronger in field settings, when actual employment decisions are made, and when experimental studies used “Arab” (vs. “Muslim”) targets. However, primary studies provide inconsistent and inaccurate distinctions between Arabs and Muslims, therefore future work should be cautious in categorizing the exact aspect of identity being studied.
Patient-centered substance use disorder treatment for women Veterans
Authors: Giannitrapani Karleen F. , Huynh Alexis K. , Schweizer C. Amanda , Hamilton Alison B. , Hoggatt Katherine J.
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Substance use disorder (SUD) is damaging to women’s health and quality of life. Appropriate treatment can mitigate the effects and health consequences of SUD, yet many woman face access barriers to such treatment. This research seeks to bridge gaps in the current understanding of access to gender-aware care for women Veterans with SUD and to identify ideal treatment program elements for this population. Methods: We interviewed interdisciplinary providers in Los Angeles Veterans Health Administration facilities ( n = 17; psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, primary care providers, and nurses) and Veterans ( n = 6), identified using purposive snowball sampling, to characterize key components of a non-residential patient-centred SUD treatment program for women Veterans. A semi-structured interview guide elicited current SUD treatment options for women Veterans, barriers to SUD services, and ideal SUD treatment program components. Mutually agreed-on themes were reached using constant comparison. Results: Analyses revealed five key elements of an ideal SUD treatment program for women Veterans: safety (safe and free from harassment in treatment), flexible scheduling (able to accommodate other work and life responsibilities), resourced (no limit to number of visits, staff able to meet needs of comorbidities, on-site child care, etc.), informed providers (providers with access to a comprehensive resource list and aware of easy referral options), and positive (supportive and not punitive). Discussion: The elements identified as necessary for an optimal outpatient SUD treatment program may guide future implementation efforts. SUD programs may not be viable options for women Veterans if they cannot accommodate multidimensional barriers of health care access.
Improving psychiatric–psychological assessment capacity by matching level of care to client outcomes: enhancing discharge planning at an operational stress injury clinic in Canada
Authors: Nelson Charles
Published: September 2018

Mental health centres that assess and treat Canadian Forces members and Veterans have been experiencing an increasing number of referrals. At an Operational Stress Injury Clinic located in London, Ontario, which is mandated to treat this population, approximately half of clients are discharged within a year and another 12.1% require treatment for 5–9 years. The increasing complexities, such as multiple comorbidities, of these long-term clients reduce clinics’ ability to rapidly assess and treat new clients. This article explores the decision point of whether to continue treatment or to discharge a client to a different level of care as well as how best to provide treatment while keeping care transitions in mind. Enhancing the discharge process could lead to a greater capacity for treating new referrals.
Bahá’í Youth and Sexuality
Authors: Kennedy Sharon , Kennedy Andrew
Published: September 2018

This paper examines the role of Bahá’í youth with respect to prevailing attitudes towards sexuality found in Western society. Drawing on the results of a survey of 3,600 Canadian teenagers, the paper delineates some current attitudes in the general population. The role of youth and the process of spiritual growth, as described in the Bahá’í writings, are explored with particular attention to the concept of sexuality and the principle of chastity. A number of practical suggestions are made for both individuals and institutions who must deal with matters of sexuality.
Scholarship and the Bahá’í Community
Authors: Momen Moojan
Published: September 2018

Unavailable
Faith of Science and the Method of Religion
Authors: Aull Brian
Published: September 2018

A fundamental teaching of the Bahá’í Faith is that science and religion are harmonious and complementary. Two themes are presented. First, religious faith, in its best form, is shaped by a process of critical inquiry instead of being defended against such a process. By comparison, science does not operate by logical deduction alone but also by a process of generalization. That is, the validation of a scientific theory involves a process of gaining confidence in its predictive power based on its consistency with a limited set of experimental observations. This confidence is the scientific analogue of religious faith. Second, the limitations of science should be acknowledged and questions beyond its scope must be addressed in order to build a just, peaceful, and humanitarian society. Science must be used to aid the quest for and the implementation of appropriate human values.
Montessori and the Bahá’í Faith
Authors: Hacker Barbara
Published: September 2018

The life and work of Dr. Maria Montessori (1870-1952), scientist and educator, are introduced as relevant for the study of those investigating education in the light of the Bahá’í teachings. It is illustrated that Montessori was attuned to the spirit of the Bahá’í Era and that both her thoughts and actions showed understanding of such Bahá’í principles as the oneness of humanity, the equality of the sexes, the oneness of science and religion and a spiritual orientation to life. Her discoveries with children and view that they are key to the development of human society and ultimately world peace are presented in relation to Bahá’í writings on these subjects.
Review of Music, Devotions, and Mashriqu’l-Adhkár by R. Jackson Armstrong-Ingram
Authors: Stockman Robert
Published: September 2018

Book author: Jackson Armstrong-Ingram
Les Valeurs économiques et les valeurs morales
Authors: Hatcher William
Published: September 2018

Economists have always presumed that economic behavior is based on individual and collective value choices, but it is likewise presumed that these choices are essentially materialistic in that they seek to maximize selfishly defined social and personal utility above any other consideration. Our current economic system reflects this presumption by seeking to maximize productivity and short-term profitability over all other considerations. This paper examines and supports the thesis that economic activity actually presupposes an (often unacknowledged) underlying morality of a more fundamental sort, a morality deriving from the value choices we make about the most basic aspects of human relationships and human existence: trustworthiness, truthfulness, cooperation, suffering, compassion, etc. In the light of this thesis, it is seen that both capitalism and socialism are morally defective, though in somewhat different ways. Capitalism is based on the desire for constantly increasing consumption and leads to unbridled (indeed exponential) increases in production, but only as long as certain conditions are met (e.g., a ready supply of raw materials, a constantly expanding market, etc.). Capitalism also leads to morally unacceptable extremes in the distribution of wealth (and thus of the fruits of production). Socialism seeks to place a higher value on satisfying the needs of all before gratifying the desires of a few, but it lacks an adequate incentive to production and often leads to morally unacceptable coerciveness. Both of these systems are compared with the Bahá’í system, which seeks to link economic activity directly and explicitly with its underlying morality. This is accomplished by stressing the primality of the spiritual function of work—the healthy actualization of the higher capacities of the self through service to and cooperation with others—over the purely material function. The Bahá’í system combines certain elements of both socialism and capitalism with other novel features, and is seen to constitute a truly practical solution to current economic problems. Thus, the crassly pragmatic morality underlying current economic systems is, in the final analysis, less practicable than the morality on which the Bahá’í system is based, while Bahá’í morality is more idealistic but ultimately more satisfactory.
Prospects and Dilemmas of Writing a Bahá’í Encyclopedia
Authors: Van den Hoonaard Will
Published: September 2018

This paper addresses the need for a Bahá’í encyclopedia and describes the nature, organization, and editing of the multi-volume Bahá’í encyclopedic dictionary project endorsed in 1984 by the United States Bahá’í community. The encyclopedia will serve both Bahá’í and non-Bahá’í researchers arid scholars, the general reader; and university and public libraries. This paper considers the significance of the encyclopedia in terms of other Bahá’í encyclopedic works and in terms of the current stage in the development of the Bahá’í community. However desirable such a project may be, a number of dilemmas accompany its undertaking. These dilemmas relate to the present status of Bahá’í scholarship, the embryonic nature of primary sources, the high standard of scholarship exemplified by the works of Shoghi Effendi, and the relative newness of the Bahá’í religion. The prospects of the encyclopedicundertaking are expected to generate considerable scholarship and to provide intellectual vigor to issues raised by Bahá’ís and their critics.
Language and Worldview
Authors: Fantini Alvino
Published: September 2018

Languages are more than mere tools. They are, in fact, paradigms of a view of the world. Knowledge of more than one language holds promise for an expanded worldview, for understanding other people on their own terms, Viewed this way, bilingualism becomes an essential ingredient in the formation of interculturally minded individuals.
Táhirih: A Religious Paradigm of Womanhood
Authors: Stiles Maneck Susan
Published: September 2018

Every religion has had its paradigm of the “ideal” woman. In Hinduism this has been Sita, the perfect wife who remains faithful to her husband at all costs. In Christianity the most eminent woman is the Virgin Mary, symbol of motherhood. Islam has Fátimih, Muhammad’s daughter, who figures in the role model of mother, wife, and daughter together. Táhirih, the archetypal paradigm of womanhood in the Bahá'í Faith, presents a startling contrast to theformer models. She is remembered by Bahá’ís not as the typical wife, mother, and daughter but as the courageous, eloquent, and assertive religious innovator whose actions severed the early Bábís from Islam completely. This paper will first examine the biographical details of Táhirih’s life, focusing on her years as a Bábí leader from 1844 to her execution in 1852. Then it will explore Táhirih’s meaning as a paradigm to writers in the Middle East and in theWest, both to Bahá'ís and non-Bahá'ís. But most especially it will look at the meaning Táhirih has for Bahá'ís in their perceptions of what a woman ought to be.
Learning from History
Authors: Momen Moojan
Published: September 2018

This is an adapted form of a paper read as the Hasan Balyuzi Memorial Lecture at the Thirteenth Annual Conference of the Association of Bahá’í Studies in 1988. This paper considers the challenges caused by the influx of Third World villagers into the Bahá’í world community. The author examines what light a study of the history of the Bahá’í Faith can shed upon this phenomenon. In particular, he examines the way in which a study of Bahá’í history can assist with the problems of how to adapt our presentations of the Bahá’í Faith to the context of different cultures; how to adapt our methods of presenting the Bahá’í teachings; and how to accelerate the process of realizing these teachings in the lives of the villagers.
Reflections on the history and legacy of scientific racism in South African palaeoanthropology and beyond
Authors: Ackermann Rebecca Rogers
Published: September 2018

The history of scientific discovery is overwhelmingly told as a narrative of the lives and discoveries of a series of remarkable white men. Christa Kuljian’s real triumph in this book is that she reframes the narrative of palaeoanthropological discovery in South Africa as a tale of flawed men who succeed – through some combination of luck, skill, personality and perseverance – literally and figuratively on the backs of black bodies. That she tells this story with limited cynicism and anger is a testament to the author. This book takes a rich, personal, archivally-intensive and interview-based look at the history of palaeoanthropology that is uncommon in our field, focussing on a region of the world where the global context of racism and the eugenics movement in the 20th century was further compounded by state-sanctioned apartheid. It is a timely tale of racism and misogyny and how they shape scientists, the scientific enterprise, and narratives of human origins and evolution. Although a large portion of this book is historical, it brings the reader right up to the present, and contains themes that remain relevant today, in the age of #BlackLivesMatter, #MeToo, and other pertinent movements, and affect our field more generally. In this review, I will first provide a very brief summary of the book. I will then highlight what I believe are the book’s most salient themes that are relevant to biological anthropology today: racism in science, intersectionality, and the invalid (but still prevalent) idea that scientists and their work can be separated. Finally, I will consider current practice in palaeoanthropology, as well as various reviews of the book, in order to reflect on these issues.
Kajian Metode Empiris Untuk Menghitung Debit Banjir Sungai Negara Di Ruas Kecamatan Sungai Pandan (Alabio)
Authors: Lestari Utami Sylvia
Published: September 2018

Sungai Negara adalah salah satu sungai di propinsi Kalimantan Selatan yangmempunyai luas daerah aliran sungai (DAS) sebesar 3.921 km². Di sungai ini sering terjadibanjir yang banyak menyebabkan banyak kerugian. Oleh karena itu diperlukan adanyaperhitungan debit banjir untuk mengetahui nilai debit banjir rencana di Sungai Negara.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh penyimpangan nilai debit banjir rencanadari metode empiris dengan data debit terukur sungai sehingga perlu adanya kajianketelitian untuk mendapatkan debit banjir rencana yang sesuai dengan keadaaansebenarnya di lapangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi pustaka dan melakukananalisis terhadap data curah hujan untuk mendapatkan debit banjir pada daerah aliranSungai Negara dengan Metode Rasional, metode Der Weduwen dan metode Haspersserta melakukan analisis frekuensi terhadap data debit terukur.Hasil perhitungan data curah hujan menggunakan metode Rasional, metode DerWeduwen dan metode Haspers terhadap nilai analisis frekuensi data debit terukurdidapatkan bahwa penyimpangan terkecil terjadi terhadap metode Der Weduwen yaitusebesar 38.28% untuk kala ulang 2 tahun, 36.47% untuk kala ulang 5 tahun, 36.04% untukkala ulang 10 tahun, 35.96% untuk kala ulang 20 tahun, 36.17% untuk kala ulang 50 tahundan 36.50% untuk kala ulang 100 tahun. Oleh karena itu, metode Der Weduwen dapatdigunakan sebagai acuan untuk dalam perhitungan debit banjir rencana untukmerencanakan penanggulangan bencana banjir di Sungai Negara
Aktivitas Antimikroba Ekstrak Laos Putih (Alpinia Galangas) Terhadap Bakteri Escericia Coli Dan Salmonella Sp.
Authors: Kapitan Lely Adel Violin
Published: September 2018

A study was conducted on antibacterial activity of white Laos ethanol extract (Alpinia galanga S) on the growth of Escherichia coli bacteria and Salmonella sp bacteria. The white Laos ethanol extract used was a white Laos ethanol extract obtained by extraction with 70% ethanol solvent using percolation method. The effectiveness of white laos ethanol extract was tested by a diffusion method using cylinder. The antibacterial activity of the white Laos ethanol extract is known by observing a drag zone in the clear region around the cylinder, then measured using a sliding range. The experiment used Completely Randomized Design with 5 treatments and 3 replications. The data obtained were then analyzed statistically using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the value of F Table 1% <F Count. Subsequent tests using the Honest Real Difference Test (BNJ) showed a diversity coefficient of 0.51% <5% indicating there was a marked difference between each treatment being tested. From these results, it can be concluded that the extract of white Laos ethanol has antibacterial activity against the growth of Escherichia coli bacteria starting at 25% concentration with 10.45 mm2 inhibitory zone and Salmonella sp bacteria starting at 25% concentration with 17,45 mm2 inhibit zone. The higher the concentration the wider the barrier zone.
Soziale Bewegungen und gewerkschaftliche Erneuerung in Spanien
Authors: Köhler Holm-Detlev , Calleja Jiménez José Pablo
Published: September 2018

Die spanischen Gewerkschaften erleiden einen kontinuierlichen Verlust an Mitgliedern und gesellschaftlichem Einfluss. Gleichzeitig haben neue soziale Bewegungen die Rolle des sozialen Protests und der politischen Opposition übernommen. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht die Wirkungen und Möglichkeiten von Allianzen zwischen Gewerkschaften und sozialen Bewegungen im Kontext der Debatten um gewerkschaftliche Erneuerung und Bewegungsgewerkschaften. Unter Rückgriff auf den Machtressourcenansatz werden die Chancen und Dilemmata einer verstärkten Zusammenarbeit von sozialen Bewegungen und Gewerkschaften im Kontext der lang anhaltenden Wirtschaftskrise in Spanien ausgelotet. Aus gewerkschaftlicher Sicht repräsentieren die neuen Protestbewegungen gleichzeitig eine Konkurrenz und Bedrohung sowie eine Chance zur Erneuerung durch die Mobilisierung neuer komplementärer Machtressourcen.
Transnational Social Movement Unionism als Vitalisierungsstrategie und Chance für Gewerkschafterinnen? Das Beispiel des Bekleidungssektors Bangladeschs
Authors: Fink Elisabeth
Published: September 2018

Der Beitrag analysiert die Chancen und Grenzen eines transnationalen Social Movement Unionism (SMU) im Kontext des Bekleidungssektors Bangladeschs. SMU galt in Bangladesch insbesondere aufgrund des Prozesses der Depolitisierung zivilgesellschaftlicher Organisationen im Anschluss an die Aid-Dependency des Landes als kaum realisierbar. Unberücksichtigt blieb hierbei aber weitestgehend die Rolle der Kategorie Geschlecht. Vor dem Hintergrund meines empirischen Materials, das zwischen 2010 und 2015 in Form von Interviews mit Angehörigen von Gewerkschaften und Labour-NGOs erhoben wurde, argumentiere ich, dass erste Ansätze von SMU erkennbar sind. Darüber hinaus zeigt der Blick auf den Bekleidungssektor Bangladeschs, dass das Potenzial dieses Organisierungskonzeptes sich insbesondere mit Blick auf die Arbeiterinnen und Gewerkschafterinnen offenbart. Ferner wird anhand dieses empirischen Beispiels die transnationale Rahmung des Arbeitsrechtsaktivismus verdeutlicht, der sich vom SMU der 1980er Jahre deutlich unterscheidet und als wegweisende Perspektive zu grenzüberschreitender Kooperation dienen kann. Nichtsdestotrotz hinterfragt der Beitrag die Notwendigkeit einer geographischen Lokalisierung des gegenwärtigen SMU und plädiert vielmehr für eine stärkere Berücksichtigung gesellschaftlicher Strukturkategorien innerhalb der Labour Studies sowie für eine größere Wachsamkeit gegenüber Organisierungsformen jenseits des traditionellen gewerkschaftlichen Musters.
Der Beitrag der Neuen Sozialen Bewegungen zum Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutz – eine Fallstudie zur Transformation und Verstetigung von Protestkommunikation in (in-)formellen Netzwerken
Authors: Schulze Annett , Hien Wolfgang , von Kardorff Ernst
Published: September 2018

Der betriebliche Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutz ist ein wichtiger Bestandteil gewerkschaftlichen Handelns und spielt bei den Aushandlungsprozessen um Arbeitsbedingungen durchaus eine Rolle. Nachhaltige Beschäftigungssicherung ist zudem ein Interesse, das rechtlich (bspw. im Kontext der Gefährdungsbeurteilungen) und politisch von Arbeitnehmer- wie von Arbeitgeberseite adressiert wird. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt anhand einer Fallstudie zum Verein Arbeit und Gesundheit e.V. dar, inwiefern die Neuen Sozialen Bewegungen den Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutz auf die Agenda von Gewerkschaften, aber auch von Interessenvertretungen und anderen betrieblichen Akteur_innen in arbeitsregulativen Prozessen setzten. Zentrales Anliegen ist es herauszuarbeiten, wie sich Protestkommunikation zu einer auf Dauer angelegten Kommunikation über den betrieblichen Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutz formieren und so die Position in den Auseinandersetzungen um Arbeitsbedingungen stärken konnte. Dafür war der Aufbau (in-)formeller Netzwerkstrukturen, eine juristische Absicherung des Akteursstatus, das Aneignen von Fachwissen und das Schaffen von Plausibilitätszonen, die für Gewerkschaften relevant wurden, eine zentrale Voraussetzung.
BAŞKURTÇA DİL İNCELEMELERİ
Authors: Arslan HÜSNÜ ÇAĞDAŞ
Published: September 2018

Bu çalışma, Macar
oryantalist Vilmos Pröhle’nin Ufa bölgesine yaptığı inceleme gezisindeki deneyimlerine
dayanarak, Başkurt Türkçesi ile ilgili tutmuş olduğu notlarını aktardığı
“Baskir Nyelvtanulmányok” adlı makalesinin Macarcadan Türkçeye çevirisidir.[2]
Pröhle’nin çalışması iki bölümden oluşmaktadır: I. Ses Bilgisi ve II. Biçim
Bilgisi.
Ekonomi Okuryazarlığı ve Eğitimine İlişkin Alan Uzmanı ve Öğretmen Görüşlerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: YILDIRIM Gülten , Öztürk Cemil
Published: September 2018

Bu araştırma ekonomi ve sosyal bilgiler alan uzmanları ile sosyal bilgiler öğretmenlerinin ekonomi okuryazarlığı ve ekonomi eğitimine ilişkin görüşlerini belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Betimsel tarama modeline uygun olarak yürütülen araştırmanın çalışma grubunu üniversitelerin ekonomi ve sosyal bilgiler eğitimi programlarında görev yapan uzmanlar ile İstanbul’un altı ilçesinde görev yapan sosyal bilgiler öğretmenleri oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmaya toplam 116 uzman ve sosyal bilgiler öğretmeni gönüllü katılım göstermiştir. Araştırmanın verileri, bir kişisel bilgi formu ve iki anket aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde frekans, yüzde ve sıra sayıları toplam puanları kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen sonuçlara göre katılımcıların çoğu Türkiye toplumunun ekonomi okuryazarlığı düzeyini ve aldığı ekonomi eğitimini yetersiz görmekle birlikte oldukça önemli bir kısmı ekonomi okuryazarlığını vatandaşlar için gerekli bir yeterlik alanı olarak görmektedir. Ekonomi eğitiminin gerçekleştirilmesi gereken eğitim kademesi olarak ilk sırada en çok ortaöğretim kademesi tercih edilmektedir. Ortaokul kademesinde ekonomi öğretiminin çoğunlukla disiplinlerarası program yaklaşımına uygun olarak tasarlanması gerektiği düşünülmektedir. Disiplinlerarası yaklaşımla tasarlanması önerilen programlarda ekonominin özellikle ülke ve dünya gündemi ile ilgili güncel gelişmeler, coğrafya ve politika konularıyla ilişkilendirilmesi önerilmektedir. Araştırma bulguları, ekonomi okuryazarlığının ve ekonomi eğitiminin bu alanın farklı paydaşları tarafından önemli ve gerekli görüldüğünü, bununla birlikte bu konudaki eğitimin yetersiz olarak algılandığını ortaya koymuştur. Bu sonuçların, ekonomi eğitiminin topluma ulaşması konusunda bir talebi yansıttığı söylenebilir.
A Comparison between the Results of Open versus Closed Lateral Internal Sphincterotomy in the Surgical Management of Chronic Anal Fissure
Authors: Mahabub Md , Rahman Md Mahbubur , Islam Md Tanvirul , Sultana Selina
Published: September 2018

Background: Lateral internal sphincterotomy is regarded as the gold standard surgical treatment for chronic anal fissure. Some authors reported that the closed technique had lower complication rates than that by the open technique, but others reported that both of the techniques had no meaningful differences in complications.Methods: This was a comparative and cohort study carried out at Department of Colorectal Surgery, Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Dhaka, Bangladesh, from October 2013 to October 2017. Eighty three patients with chronic anal fissure not responding to medical treatment for at least three months were included in this study to compare the results of the open versus closed techniques of lateral internal sphincterotomy after four months follow up postoperatively.Results: The mean age at presentation was 34.15±11.4 years and the male to female ratio was 1.24:1. The results of open and closed techniques were compared regarding per-operative bleeding (35.71% versus 12.19%), post-operative urinary retention (4.76% versus 0%), symptom relief on first post-operative day (76.19% versus 70.73%), significant 1st post-operative day pain in the operated wound (33.33% versus 7.31%), temporary fecal soiling (2.38% versus 0%), temporary flatus incontinence (7.14% versus 0%), and fissure recurrence (0% versus 14.63%) respectively. Temporary incontinence to fecal and flatus recovered by conservative management within two and four months of surgery respectively.Conclusion: The closed technique of lateral internal sphincterotomy had lower post-operative complications, pain, bleeding, and incontinence compared to open technique, but increased risk of fissure recurrence.Birdem Med J 2018; 8(3): 235-239
Emphysematous Pyelonephritis: Experience of Managing 15 Consecutive Cases in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Samad Tabassum , Ul Haque Wasim Md Mohosin , Iqbal Sarwar
Published: September 2018

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is one of the most frequent entrapment neuropathies of the upper limb. CTS and diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) are common conditions in patients with diabetes and therefore frequently occur concomitantly. Diagnosis of CTS in patients with DPN is important, as therapeutic interventions directed toward relief of CTS may be effective irrespective of diffuse neuropathy.Methods: This study was a hospital based descriptive cross sectional study done in a tertiary care hospital, Dhaka between July, 2015 and June, 2016. The initial clinical diagnosis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy was made from history and examination. It was confirmed by doing nerve conduction study. After having informed written consents, a standard preformed questionnaire was filled up for each case. Collected data were checked, verified for consistency and edited for final results. Data cleaning, validation and analysis were performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (Version 20.0).Results: A total of 354 cases were finally analyzed with 153 (43.2) patients being symptomatic for CTS and among those 54 (58.7%) had electrophysiology proven CTS. It was observed that 26.0% of patients established as having DPN also had CTS. The frequency of CTS among those with symptoms was significantly higher than in asymptomatic participants. The mean age was found to be 55.99 ± 9.25 years with a range from 28 to 80 years. Majority (38.4%) of patients belonged to the age group of 51-60 years. Among all cases of electrophysiology proven CTS (92 patients), females (53.3%) numbered greater in comparison to males (46.7%). One hundred and ninety two (54.2%) patients were housewives, 57 (16.1%) were garment workers, 45 (12.7%) patients were businessmen and 60 (16.9%) patients were service holders. Study subjects with CTS had significantly higher body mass index, higher fasting blood glucose and higher HemoglobinA1c in comparison to patients without CTS. Examination of upper limb sensory nerves showed that nerve conduction velocity was significantly decreased and distal latency was found to be significantly increased in patients with CTS on median nerve examination. The mean compound motor action potential was not significantly different between patients with and without CTS.Conclusion: Symptoms and signs of CTS are mostly masked by the symptoms of DPN and patients presenting with such symptoms in the upper limbs should be evaluated for CTS as a separate entity to DPN. The finding of a frequency of CTS of 26% in subjects with diabetes with varying degrees of DPN is remarkably high. Given the high prevalence of CTS in subjects with DPN, it is recommended that therapeutic decisions be made carefully after nerve conduction study and proper diagnosis.Birdem Med J 2018; 8(3): 246-250
Birdem News Vol. 8(3)
Authors: Uddin Khwaja Nazim
Published: September 2018

Abstract not availableBirdem Med J 2018; 8(3): 275
Parathyroid hormone assay in total thyroidectomy
Authors: Sharif Sayeed Bin , Ali Md Shahajahan , Rahman Masudar , Siddique Tasnim Binta , Rahman Azhahur
Published: September 2018

Background: Total thyroidectomy is commonly practice now-a-days for either malignant or benign multinodular goitre. And post-operative hypocalcaemia is a squeal in this operation.Objectives: To find out whether post-operative PTH level is a parameter to identify hypocalcaemia after total thyroidectomy.Materials & Methods: This study was carried out from July 2013 to July 2014 in department of Surgery Sir Salimullah Medical College & Mitford Hospital. Total 116 patients were selected. PTH assay was performed before and after thyroidectomy. 92 patients were undergoing total thyroidectomy and were selected as test group. Rest 24 patients were undergoing unilateral lobectomy and were selected as control group. Serum calcium levels were measured in 1st and 2nd post-operative day.Results: Out of 92 test group patients 31(26.7%) developed postoperative hypocalcemia. Hypocalcemic patients had significantly lower post-operative PTH 5.43 ± 5.32 (median 3.3) compared with that of normocalcemic patient 16.04 ± 11.96 (median 12.5). Serum calcium was significantly lower in hypocalcemic patients at 2nd post-operative day (median 9.8) than in 1st post-operative day (median 10.15). Linear regression curve estimation revealed significant association between post-operative PTH with 2nd post-operative serum calcium.Conclusion: PTH assay can identify patients at risk of clinically significant hypocalcemia much earlier than serum calcium monitoring. A single PTH level post-operatively can reflect early result and help to take necessary measure to avoid hypocalcaemic effect.KYAMC Journal Vol. 9, No.-2, July 2018, Page 43-47
Evaluation of effect of home cervical traction on patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy
Authors: Zaman Abul Khair Ahmad , Shakoor Md Abdus , Moyeenuzzaman Md , Mandal Muhammad Alamgir , Rahman HN Mashuk
Published: September 2018

Background: Patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy is more responding by application of cervical traction with NSAIDs, exercise and ADL than treating with NSAIDs, exercise and ADL.Objectives: Study is to know the effect of home cervical traction on patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy.Materials & Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted in the department of physical medicine and rehabilitation, BSMMU during the period of 3-9-2012 to 2-9-2013 to find out the effect of home cervical traction on patient with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy.Results: A total of 120 patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy attended the department. Sixty patients was treated with NSAID, Isometric neck muscle strengthening exercise, Activity of daily living advice (ADL) and soft cervical collar, other 60 patients was treated with NSAID, Isometric neck muscle strengthening exercise, Activity of daily living advice (ADL) and soft cervical collar with home cervical traction. The patients were treated for 6 weeks. There was marked improvement in both groups after treatment. But there was significant difference regarding improvement in treatment with home cervical traction (p=0.432).Conclusion: So, it can be concluded that the home cervical traction is effective in cervical spondylotic radiculopathy. Male and female ratio was 1.9:.6. In respect of occupation the maximum patient was housewife (27.5%) followed by businessman (25. 8%). Highest number of patients is in the 41-50 years age group.KYAMC Journal Vol. 9, No.-2, July 2018, Page 65-68
The Middle East and Africa Code of Promotional Practices in the Pharmaceutical Industry
Authors: Salhout Sand , Bechter Clemens
Published: September 2018

The pharmaceutical industry is known for investing heavily in promotions targeted at healthcare professionals (HCPs). Governments around the world try to regulate unwanted promotional practices in different ways. Where binding laws are in place in the U.S.A., European governments favor self-regulation. The purpose of this research is the evaluation of the Middle East and Africa Code of Promotional Practices (MEACPP) as a preliminary draft and its implications. Our paper fills a research gap by looking into the perceptions of the parties involved, analyzing their interests, and predicting possible outcomes. We used a mixed-method approach. Interviews were conducted with pharmaceutical companies and associations; while a questionnaire was administered to HCPs. Our findings suggest that all parties are in favor of more transparency. However, when it comes to disclosing the received financial support, the HCPs are hesitant. An estimated 20% would be willing to fully disclose their received benefits, which is in line with their European colleagues. Multinational pharmaceutical companies follow their own in-house standards and fear being at a competitive disadvantage when local companies can promote their drugs without any strings attached. MEA pharmaceutical companies do not see the potential benefits of analyzing the publicly available data to identify key opinion leaders (KOLs). The limitation of our research is the fact that the MEACPP has not been implemented yet and survey results are therefore based on expectations rather than real events.
Marketability Probability Study of Cherry Tomato Cultivars Based on Logistic Regression Models
Authors: Díaz-Pérez Manuel , Carreño-Ortega Ángel , Gómez-Galán Marta , Callejón-Ferre Ángel-Jesús
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate interest in applying simple and multiple logistic regression analyses to the marketability probability of commercial tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivars when the tomatoes are harvested as loose fruit. A fruit’s firmness and commercial quality (softening or over-ripe fruit, cracking, cold damage, and rotting) were determined at 0, 7, 14, and 21 days of storage. The storage test simulated typical conditions from harvest to purchase-consumption by the consumer. The combined simple and multiple analyses of the primary continuous and categorical variables with the greatest influence on the commercial quality of postharvest fruit allowed for a more detailed understanding of the behavior of different tomato cultivars and identified the cultivars with greater marketability probability. The odds ratios allowed us to determine the increase or decrease in the marketability probability when we substituted one cultivar with a reference one. Thus, for example, the marketability probability was approximately 2.59 times greater for ‘Santyplum’ than for ‘Angelle’. Overall, of the studied cultivars, ‘Santyplum’, followed by ‘Dolchettini’, showed greater marketability probability than ‘Angelle’ and ‘Genio’. In conclusion, the logistic regression model is useful for studying and identifying tomato cultivars with good postharvest marketability characteristics.