bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SISTEM PERADILAN PIDANA BERDASARKAN RANCANGAN UNDANG-UNDANG HUKUM ACARA PIDANA
Authors: Supriyono Supriyono
Published: March 2024

Sistem peradilan pidana merupakan suatu jaringan peradilan yang menggunakan hukum pidana sebagai sarana utamanya, baik hukum pidana materil, hukum pidana formil maupun hukum pelaksanaan pidana. Di dalam pelaksanaan peradilan pidana, ada satu istilah hukum yang dapat merangkum cita-cita peradilan pidana, yaitu "due process of law" yang dalam bahasa Indonesia dapat diterjemahkan menjadi proses hukum yang adil atau layak. Sistem peradilan pidana untuk pertama kali diperkenalkan oleh pakar hukum pidana dan paraahli dalam criminal justice science di amerika Serikat seiring dengan ketidak puasan terhadap mekanisme kerja aparatur penegak hukum dengan institusi penegak hukum yang didasarkan pada pendekatan hukum dan ketertiban yang sangat menggantungkan keberhasilan penanggulangan kejahatan pada efektivitas dan efisiensi kerja organisasi kepolisian. dalam hubungan ini pihak kepolisian ternyata menghadapi berbagai kendala, baik yang bersifat operasional maupun prosedur legal dan kemudian kendala ini tidak memberikan hasil yang optimal dalam upaya menekan kenaikan angka kriminalitas, bahkan terjadi sebaliknya. Sistem peradilan pidana menurut rancangan undang-undang hukum acara pidana pada masa akan datang akan mengalami perubahan yang sangat signifikan ditandai dengan isi dari pertimbangan RUU KUHAP sebagaimana tertuang dalam bagian menimbang huruf c., dinyatakan "bahwa UU No.8 tahun 1981 tentang Hukum Acara Pidana sudah tidak sesuai dengan perubahan sistem ketatanegaraan dan perkembangan hukum dalam masyarakat sehingga diganti dengan hukum acara pidana yang baru”.

Kata kunci: Sistem Peradilan Pidana, Hukum Acara Pidana, Rancangan Undang-undang
PENDAMPINGAN KEMITRAAN USAHA UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN USAHA DI UMKM RENGGINANG MBAK YUL SEMIRING KALBUT KABUPATEN SITUBONDO
Authors: Soeliha Siti , Khumairoh Siti
Published: March 2024

Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) menjadi penyumbang ekonomi nasional yang jumlahnya relatif banyak. Namun dalam pengembanganya masih banyak kendala, seperti pola kemitraan yang belum efektif dan pengembangan yang belum sesuai dengan harapan. UMKM Mbak Yul milik Siti Yuliana merupakan salah satu UMKM di Kabupaten Situbondo memproduksi Rengginang dengan berbagai varian Rengginang yang dirintis sejak Tahun 2016 dengan inovasi terus dengan penambahan varian rasa sehingga omzet produksi terus meningkat serta menjadi pemain kunci di Pasar Rengginang, kesuksesan ini membuktikan bahwa kreativitas dan respon terhadap pasar menjadi kunci dalam membangun bisnis yang berkelanjutan dengan Pola Kemitraaan Usaha. Pola kemitraan di UMKM Mbak Yul belum efektif dan pengembangan usaha belum sesuai dengan harapan. Pengabdian pendampingan untuk mengimplementasikan model kemitraan anatara pengusaha UMKM Mbak Yul dengan usaha skala menengah dan besar, penerapan model kemitraan, kendala-kendala yang dihadapi dalam penerapan model kemitraan, serta pengembangan model kemitraan UMKM dengan usaha skala menengah dan besar selama ini ditingkatkan dengan melibatkan perusahaan melalui Program Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), serta keterlibatan Pemerintah daerah melalui regulasi dengan konsep kemitraan serta mengkoordinasikan antara pemangku kepentingan yang belum maksimal, dengan meningkatkan Kemitraan UMKM Mbak Yul dengan Usaha menengah dan besar dapat mengatasi kendala yang ada.
THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF ADOPTION OF THE MECHANISM OF MANAGEMENT DECISIONS
Authors: Badri Davitaia Badri Davitaia
Published: March 2024

In modern condition it is possible emphasized that management problem is central as economic as well as from management point of view. It must be remarked that this subject is developed and accumulated variety empirical materials on the bases of which, can be issued for each level of the leaders’ recommendations for optimization of management.
Some of them work effectively, practically in any situations, but others mainly in definite socio-cultural spheres. In this article based on analyses of motivational and psychological theories are transferred the most important principles of management. Also is noted that controlled executive, perceptional, mental and communicative. As concerns accessories of management decisions, it may be personality’s cognitive features: proffesionalism, characteristics of the situations, systematic thinking, methods of making decisions and also methods of control and corrections.
Keywords: socio-cultural sphere, vertical integration of management, stages of management, vertical integration, decision theories of management, motivational theories, horizontal coordination, empiricism, principles of management.
ОСНОВНІ ВИМОГИ ЩОДО ВИКОРИСТАННЯ КОРМОВИХ МАТЕРІАЛІВ РОСЛИННОГО, ТВАРИННОГО ТА МІКРОБІОЛОГІЧНОГО ПОХОДЖЕННЯ, ЯКІ ВИКОРИСТОВУЮТЬСЯ ДЛЯ ГОДІВЛІ ТВАРИН У ПРОЦЕСІ ОРГАНІЧНОГО ВИРОБНИЦТВА
Authors: Різничук І. , Ніколенко І. , Кишлали О. , Мажиловська К. , Гарбар А.
Published: March 2024

Проаналізовано групи кормових матеріалів, які використовуються у годівлі тварин за органічного виробництва продукції тваринництва.Встановлено, що за органічного виробництва рослинних кормових матеріалів заборонено використання синтетичних азотистих сполук (мінеральних азотних добрив); кормові матеріали, які використовуються для годівлі органічних тварин, не можуть оброблятися синтетичними розчинниками.Для виробництва кормових сумішей та годівлі тварин використовуються лише органічні кормові матеріали тваринного походження.Продукти рибництва для виробництва кормових сумішей для тварин використовуються за таких умов: виготовляють без синтетичних розчинників; використання обмежується лише нетравоїдними тваринами; використання гідролізованого рибного білка обмежується виключно молодими тваринами. Дозволяється використовувати ферментаційні продукти мікробіологічного походження, клітини яких були інактивовані відповідною термічною обробкою: Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces carlsbergensis, рідкі пивні дріжджі.Визначено, що виробництво органічних кормів ґрунтується на використанні біологічних, механічних, фізичних методів виробництва.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ НАПІВПРИЧЕПУ З АВТОМАТИЧНО РЕГУЛЮВАННОЮ ПНЕВМОПІДВІСКОЮ І ВИШТОВХУВАЧЕМ СИПКОГО МАТЕРІАЛУ
Authors: Мацей Р. , Петров В. , Мальцев О. , Чабан С. , Ковра О.
Published: March 2024

Актуальність дослідження зумовлена тим, що сучасні високопродуктивні сільськогосподарські технології потребують досить високого рівня механізації виробництва сільськогосподарських робіт, що у свою чергу потребує, зокрема, постійного удосконалення транспортно-технологічних засобів до складу яких належать напівпричепи-розкидачи сипкого та органічного матеріалу. Значна частина території України приходиться на приватні підсобні і фермерські господарства і в зв'язку з цим проблема створення засобів для ефективного транспортно-технологічого обслуговування таких господарств є актуальною.
Detection of Hbv Dna By Direct Pcr Protocol And Nested Pcr Protocol And Comparing Them. In Chronic Patients and Healthy Carriers of Hepatitis B Virus.
Authors: Al-Safi MushtaqTalib
Published: March 2024

Hepatitis B virus is a major public health problem, and the outcome of infection depends on the effectiveness of the virus's interaction with the host, and in particular on the strength of the natural and conditioned response of humoral and cellular immunity. This study was conducted to assess the clinical status, genetic immunity and viral (viral) traits of Iraqi patients with chronic hepatitis B virus and healthy carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen, as well as to show the relationship between the immune status and the chronic condition of the disease. The study included (60) patients with chronic hepatitis B virus type (B) and (60) healthy hepatitis B surface antigen carriers who attended the Teaching Hospital for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases in Nasiriya City Al-Hussein Teaching Hospital, Thalassemia Center and the Central Blood Bank in Nasiriya Citysouthern of Iraq. for the period from the first period. From February 2022 until the end of February 2022, the average age of patients infected with chronic hepatitis B virus was 64.5 years, and the average age of healthy carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen was 35. 1 year, and the ratio of males to females was (12.2:) for chronic patients and (13.6:) for carriers of the disease. As for the deoxyribonucleic acid, it was (100%) in chronic patients and healthy carriers using the Nested type polymerase chain reaction, and at a rate of (30.0%) and (46.7%) in chronic patients and healthy carriers, respectively using the polymerase chain reaction technique. direct with a significant difference between the two interactions. The current results confirm that a nested PCR protocol to detect HBV DNA is a more sensitive way of detecting HBV in Iraq CHB patients and carriers. Recent advanced techniques such as nucleic acid assays, quantitative assays for viral load and RT-PCR for Iraqi viral hepatitis laboratories are recommended.
À la recherche de la paix. Des Anciens à Matéi Visniec
Authors: Gancevici Olga
Published: March 2024

This article discusses the still inexhaustible topic of war, and its consequences, with a special focus on the woman’s status amidst violent conflict. The man who goes out to fight stereotype finds its opposite in the cliché of the woman waiting for her husband/father/son to return from war, as she suffers, is wounded even killed, before falling victim to the enemies’ rapes and unimaginable aggressions. There is a significant number of women who transgress sociocultural clichés and engage in war, whatever its forms, as rebels, accomplices, militants, or redeemers. The following analysis foregrounds Hecuba, the mother torn apart by the Trojan War, after having witnessed the deaths of all her children and the ruin of her city, and Lysistrata, the woman who can put an end to the endless internecine murders of the ancient Greeks, both by ruse and by directly and courageously confronting her incurably bellicose spouse. Starting from Euripides and Aristophanes, through the medium of two particularly distinct genres, tragedy and comedy, respectively, the search for peace continues 2500 years later, this time bearing the contemporary mark of playwright Matei Vişniec – at the same time satirical, subtle, and unremitting in his denouncing both the atrocities of the warriors’ atavistic violence and the disarray of the present under the influence of various types of aggression.
”No son humanos, pero lo parecen”: un estudio cuasiexperimental sobre la experiencia y perceptión con modelos de robots virtuales entre personas de la tercera edad y menores en Italia, Rumania y España
Authors: Hyunanda Vinny Flaviana , Muñoz Sánchez Práxedes , Sarabia Andúgar Isabel
Published: March 2024

The strong presence of products infused with AI in many of our homes has made such an impact on the evolution of human needs that technology has become key to our daily lives. In turn, the need to have such products in contemporary homes has different consequences for different user groups. This study is based on the development of six virtual robot models as part of the Tele-Encounters project, whose objective is to understand how elderly people and children evaluate their experience when interacting with these virtual robot models. A total of 150 children and 60 elderly people from Spain, Romania, and Italy are involved, using a quasi-experimental research design generated from each research location. The study highlights how both groups have different preferences in their use of virtual robots, which is important to take into account for future AI projects.
La farce tragique – une réécriture de l’absurdité historique des idéologies communistes et du grotesque des dictatures militaires africaines
Authors: Nechit Diana
Published: March 2024

Matei Vișniec’s dramaturgy perhaps best illustrates the paradox that absurdity and tragic or grotesque farce most adequately depict the destiny of peoples whose history is marked by defeat, derision, and tragedy. The political situation in certain countries and totalitarian regimes in Eastern Europe and Africa, characterized by genocide and inter-ethnic fighting, can hardly be a source of comedy, but the dramatic stakes of the tragic farce seem best suited to express the absurdity and regression of totalitarian ideologies. The comic turn amazes the viewer by its ability to conform the historical truth. In this article,1 2 I aim to identify not so much an ideological but mostly aesthetic, dramaturgical modus operandi of the tragic farce using a corpus consisting of texts by playwrights Matei Vișniec, Sonya Labou Tansi, and Koffi Kwahulé.
Estudio de la base regional de recursos líticos en la cuenca del río Atuel (sur de Mendoza, Argentina)
Authors: Pompei María de la Paz , María Laura Salgán , Sergio Diéguez , Gustavo Adolfo Neme
Published: March 2024

Los relevamientos y muestreos arqueológicos de rocas realizados a lo largo de la cuenca del río Atuel (sur de la provincia de Mendoza, Argentina), permitieron identificar fuentes potenciales de aprovisionamiento lítico en tres sectores de la cuenca: cordillera, piedemonte y planicie. Este trabajo articula dicha información con la previamente disponible sobre las características geológicas y litológicas de la cuenca, y con la obtenida en distintos sitios arqueológicos allí emplazados, para caracterizar la base regional de recursos líticos del Atuel e indagar sobre los modos de aprovisionamiento, explotación y circulación de las rocas de la región durante el Holoceno. Los resultados sugieren que la base regional incidió en los modos de aprovisionamiento en cordillera y piedemonte; y, por otro, que en planicie intervinieron mecanismos de interacción, como el intercambio de rocas foráneas. Además, los datos recopilados permiten reconstruir las trayectorias artefactuales de las rocas mayormente utilizadas en los sitios del Atuel (i.e., silíceas, obsidiana, basalto y riolita), lo que es de gran relevancia para los estudios tecnológicos y la contrastación de modelos biogeográficos generados para la región.
Preventive Practice towards Covid-19 and Its Associated Factors among Malaysian Adults During Massive Outbreak in 2021
Authors: Nik Mahdi Nik Nor Ronaidi , Abd Aziz Aniza , Mat Azmi Intan Suhana Munira , Amaran Safiya , Thwe Aung Myat Moe , Mohd Yusop Yuzana , Abas Mohd Ihsanuddin , Oo San San
Published: March 2024

Combating COVID-19 pandemic will not be successful without everyone’s cooperation from all levels of society. Therefore, this study assessed the extent of the public’s knowledge, attitude, and preventive practice towards COVID-19. The current study also determined the associated factors for preventive practice towards COVID-19 among Malaysian adults.

 

An online cross-sectional study was conducted among 897 Malaysian adults. Data were collected using the snowball sampling method via the online platform: WhatsApp, Facebook, Twitter, Telegram, and email. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to determine the association between all independent variables and the preventive practice of COVID-19.

 

The mean (SD) scores for knowledge, attitude, and preventive practice towards COVID-19 were 122.70 (6.05), 249.91 (17.29), and 64.48 (5.58), respectively. Preventive practice towards COVID-19 were associated with gender (p < 0.001), race (p = 0.002), history of being fined due to noncompliance to COVID-19 SOP (p = 0.002), knowledge on COVID-19 (p<0.001), and attitude towards COVID-19 (p = 0.017).

 

The overall knowledge, attitude, and preventive practice towards COVID-19 among Malaysian adults were satisfactory. Health education should focus more on the identified factors, and legislation enforcement should be enhanced to ensure COVID-19 SOP compliance.
An Asymptotically Sharp Bound on the Maximum Number of Independent Transversals
Authors: Ruotolo Jake , Wang Kevin , Wei Fan
Published: March 2024

Let $G$ be a multipartite graph with partition $V_1, V_2,\ldots, V_k$ of $V(G)$. Let $d_{i,j}$ denote the edge density of the pair $(V_i, V_j)$. An independent transversal is an independent set of $G$ with exactly one vertex in each $V_i$. In this paper, we prove an asymptotically sharp upper bound on the maximum number of independent transversals given the $d_{i,j}$'s.
Highly Connected Graphs Have Highly Connected Spanning Bipartite Subgraphs
Authors: Yuster Raphael
Published: March 2024

For integers $k,n$ with $1 \le k \le n/2$, let $f(k,n)$ be the smallest integer $t$ such that every $t$-connected $n$-vertex graph has a spanning bipartite $k$-connected subgraph. A conjecture of Thomassen asserts that $f(k,n)$ is upper bounded by some function of $k$. The best upper bound for $f(k,n)$ is by Delcourt and Ferber who proved that $f(k,n) \le 10^{10}k^3 \log n$. Here it is proved that $f(k,n) \le 22k^2 \log n$. For larger $k$, stronger bounds hold. In the linear regime, it is proved that for any $0 < c < \frac{1}{2}$ and all sufficiently large $n$, $f(\lfloor cn \rfloor, n) \le 30\sqrt{c}n$. In the polynomial regime, it is proved that for any $\frac{1}{3} \le \alpha < 1$ and all sufficiently large $n$, $f(\lfloor n^\alpha \rfloor ,n) \le 9n^{(1+\alpha)/2}$.
Parabolic Tamari Lattices in Linear Type B
Authors: Fang Wenjie , Mühle Henri , Novelli Jean-Christophe
Published: March 2024

We study parabolic aligned elements associated with the type-$B$ Coxeter group and the so-called linear Coxeter element. These elements were introduced algebraically in (Mühle and Williams, 2019) for parabolic quotients of finite Coxeter groups and were characterized by a certain forcing condition on inversions. We focus on the type-$B$ case and give a combinatorial model for these elements in terms of pattern avoidance. Moreover, we describe an equivalence relation on parabolic quotients of the type-$B$ Coxeter group whose equivalence classes are indexed by the aligned elements. We prove that this equivalence relation extends to a congruence relation for the weak order. The resulting quotient lattice is the type-$B$ analogue of the parabolic Tamari lattice introduced for type $A$ in (Mühle and Williams, 2019).
The Anatomy of the Crisis: Problems of the Subjective Legitimacy of the International Criminal Court
Authors: Ispolinov Aleхey S.
Published: March 2024

The article examines the issues of the subjective legitimacy of the International Criminal Court, which is understood as the perception of the court by States and the professional community, the accused and victims as a institution with the legitimate right to hear criminal cases within its competence. The current practice of the ICC is perceived as an aggravating crisis of its subjective legitimacy, which is expressed in the persistent perception of this court by a significant number of countries and now by almost the entire academic community as an unfair and biased, extremely problematic institution, rapidly dispelling the hopes and illusions that were associated with its creation. An important factor in the current crisis of confidence in the ICC is the court’s inability to assess the impact on its own legitimacy of the inconsistency and inconsistency of its judicial decisions, as well as the abundance of special opinions attached to them. Using the example of the decisions of the ICC Chambers in relation to Afghanistan and Myanmar, it is shown that such ICC practice creates the impression of arbitrary application of law by ICC judges, which undermines confidence in the judicial decisions taken and has a detrimental effect on their non-enforcement.
Solving Nonlinear Time-Fractional Partial Differential Equations Using Conformable Fractional Reduced Differential Transform with Adomian Decomposition Method
Authors: Teppawar R. S. , Ingle R. N. , Muneshwar R. A.
Published: March 2024

In this article, we use a new technique called conformable fractional reduced differential transform (CFRDT) with Adomian decomposition to estimate the solution of one and two-dimensional time-fractional partial linear and nonlinear differential equations with initial values. We explain the convergence analysis of this technique. The obtained results illustrate that the novel method is efficient and easy to use to find approximate solutions for the time-fractional partial differential equations (PDEs). Thus, the suggested method has a significant impact on how engineering, physics, and other disciplines solve fractional PDEs. Furthermore, we analyze the solution of problems with a 2D or 3D graphical representation by using Mathematica software.
Pengaruh Edukasi Kesehatan Tentang Protokol Kesehatan Covid-19 Terhadap Pengetahuan Dan Sikap
Authors: Nurintan Ayu , Kholid Fahdi Faisal , Ali Maulana Muhammad
Published: March 2024

Covid-19 is an infectious disease that affects and infects the respiratory system. From minor respiratory issues like the flu to major ones like pneumonia, lung failure, and even death, Covid-19 can cause a variety of respiratory issues. Close contact and the splash of saliva from an infected individual's talking, coughing, or sneezing can spread Covid-19 from one person to another. Nearly every region of Indonesia has been affected by the Covid-19 illness. To reduce the rate of transmission, the government has set a health protocol policy for daily activities. This can be accomplished by offering health education. Covid-19 and the 5M health regimen, which include utilizing masks, keeping hands, keeping distance, avoiding, and decreasing movement, are two examples of the types of education that can be provided. The purpose of this study was to find out how health education influences changes in students' knowledge and attitudes towards the Covid-19 health protocol. Method: This study is quantitative and uses a pretest-posttest design without a control group as a quasi-experimental approach. With 62 respondents, sequential sampling was the sample technique employed. The Wilcoxon test is the statistical procedure employed. With a significant value of 0.000 (p 0.05) between the pre-test and post-test-1 knowledge variables and a significant value for the pretest attitude variable toward post-test, the results of the various tests using the Wilcoxon test demonstrated that there was a difference in knowledge before and after receiving health education about the Covid-19 protocol. Test-1 is 0.000 (p0.05), indicating that the Covid-19 protocol-related health education had an impact on the attitude variable as well. Conclusion: Students' knowledge and attitudes towards the Covid19 health regimen are influenced by health education.
Analisis Kandungan Formalin dan Boraks Pada Bakso dan Tahu di Wilayah Kota Malang
Authors: Jayadi Lukky , Dwipajati Dwipajati , Sabila Nurma
Published: March 2024

The main danger posed by formalin and boric acid or often called borcas if exposed continuously is that it can irritate the respiratory tract if inhaled, cause skin blisters if in contact with skin, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, possible bleeding, abdominal pain, headache, hypotension, fainting. to coma. In addition, formalin can cause degenerative changes in the liver, heart, brain, other organs and can trigger genetic mutations resulting in cell damage or cell death which can result in the growth of cancer cells. This study aims to identify the content of formalin and boric acid or borkas in food samples of meatballs and tofu. The method used in this research is to test for boric acid or borcass by using AgNO3 and Paper Test Kit and for testing Formalin using KMnO4 and Reagent Test Kit. This method is used as a qualitative test for the presence of formalin and borax or boric acid in the sample. A positive result for the presence of borax or boric acid with AgNO3 with the occurrence of a white precipitate and using a paper test kit will turn brown. To identify formalin, a positive result with KMnO4 is indicated by a change in color to brown and using a test kit reagent is indicated by a change in the color of the positive sample to purple. The samples tested were 3 meatball samples and 3 tofu samples. The results of the identification of formalin and borax or boric acid in all meatball and tofu samples were obtained using qualitative tests, no meatball and tofu samples containing formalin and borax or boric acid were found.
Penentuan Kadar Flavonoid Daun Rumput Knop (Hyptis capitata Jacq.) Menggunakan Spektrofotometri UV-Vis
Authors: Hasan Hamsidar , Andy Suryadi A. Mu'thi , Bahri Syamsul , Widiastuti Ni Luh
Published: March 2024

Knop grass (Hyptis capitata Jacq.) is a weed used as a tradisional medicine, especially for the leaves. Flavonoids are one of the secondary metabolites contained in the Knop Grass (Hyptis capitata Jacq.) leaves, wich function as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic and anti-diabetic. The amount of extracted flavonoids is optimized by choosing the right extraction method, as it will determine the amount of substance that can be attracted and obtain a high content of active substansces. This research aimed to compare the flavonoid levels in the methanol extract of Knop Grass (Hyptis capitata Jacq.) leaves in two different maceration methods: multilevel maceration and total maceration. Multilevel maceration employed n-hekxane, ethyl acetat and methanol solvents, while total maceration employed methanol solvent. In the meantime, the qualitative analysis in this reaserch used the color reagent test method, whereas the thin layer chromatography used the eluent, namely n-hexane : ethyl acetate with a ratio (7:3). In addition, the quantitative analysis used the UV-Vis spectrophotometry method at a maximum wavelength of 435 nm with standard quercetin as a comparison. The result signified that the average flavonoid level in the methanol extract of Knop Grass (Hyptis capitata Jacq.) leaves using the multilevel maceration method was 2,9750%. The total maceration method was 4,8822%. Furthermore, the total maceration method donated the highest concentration obtained from the methanol extract of Knop Grass (Hyptis capitata Jacq.) leaves.
Uji Penyembuhan Luka Bakar Gel Enzim Bromelin Menggunakan Carbopol 940 Secara In Vivo
Authors: Thomas Nur Ain , Taupik Muhammad , Nurrohwinta Djuwarno Endah , Ramadani Putri Papeo Dizky , Novreini Djunaidi Nabila
Published: March 2024

Bromelain is a proteolytic enzyme or natural protease found in tissues, including the stem, fruit, and leaves of pineapple (Ananas comosus var. comosus) and other plant species of the Bromeliaceae family. Bromelain is known as an efficient debdriding agent because it is beneficial in  burn healing and tissue regeneration. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of bromelain enzyme for burns wounds in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). This research began with the optimization of carbopol 940 base preparations with variations in concentration, namely Formula 1 (F1) for 0,5%, Formula 2 (F2) for 1%, and Formula 3 (F3) for 1,5%. The evaluation of the gel formulation includes an organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, viscosity test, adhesive force test, and spreadability test. The evaluation result indicates the base concentration in Formula 1 (F1) at 0,5% has met the requirements for a gel preparation. Formula 1 (F1) for 0,5, then combined with varying concentration of bromelain, namely Formula 1A (0,1%), Formula 1B (0,5%), and Formula 1C (1%). The gel formulation wa re-evaluated, including an organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, viscosity test, adhesion test, spreadability test, irritation test, and in vivo test. In vivo effectiveness testing and irritation testing were conducted on five treatment groups, namely a positive control group (Bioplacenton®), Formula 1A (0,1%), Formula 1B (0,5%), Formula 1C (1%), and a group without treatment, then observed for 15 days. The observation data were processed using the One Way ANOVA test. Based on the results of the irritation test, Formula 1A (0,1%). Formula 1B (0,5%) and Formula 1C (1%) did not cause skin irritation. In the in vivo test, Formula 1C (1%) indicated the fastest recovery compared to other treatment groups, as evidenced by the decrease in wound diameter and visual observation, where the wound had started to close completely on day 15 of observation.
Potensi Ekstrak Enzim Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) Sebagai Agen Fibrinolitik Dengan Metode Clot Lysis in Vitro
Authors: Warninghiyun Hervina , Indrayati Ana , RSP Pudiastuti
Published: March 2024

Stroke is a disease caused due to blockage of blood vessels. Health department in 2013 stated that 15,4% of people died from strokes. One of the treatment therapies that can be used is fibrinolytic. Fibrinolytic agents have a role in lysing blood clots, these agents can be obtained from microbes, plants and animals. This study aims to determine the protein content contained in papaya leaf enzyme extract (Carica papaya L.), and to determine the potential of the enzyme extract at certain concentrations as an alternative to natural fibrinolytic drugs. The study began with plant determination, sampling, enzyme extraction using a blender, purification of the extract by precipitation using ammonium sulphate, protein content determination using the Lowry method, and testing the fibrinolytic activity of the clot lysis method in vitro. Three series of test concentrations were made, namely 20, 40, and 80%. The results of the research on papaya leaf extract showed that the protein content in purification pellet 1 was 196,22 µg/ml and purification pellet 2 was 306,33 µg/ml. In papaya leaves, fibrinolytic activity was proven with the optimal percentage of blood clot lysis in purification pellet 2 with a concentration of 80% which was 79%.
Pengaruh homecare Terhadap Pengetahuan dan Kepatuhan Pasien Tuberkulosis di Puskesmas Kota Barat Gorontalo
Authors: Madania Madania , Akuba Juliyanti , Podungge Yusni , Rasdianah Nur , Ain Thomas Nur , Sani Erika
Published: March 2024

Patients knowledge and adherence in attending medication is one of the most important factors in determining the succes of therapy, including tuberculosis medication. One of the effort to improve knoeledge and adherence is by providing information about the disease and current medication. This research aimed to determine the effect of homecare on the level of knowledge and aherence of tuberculosis patients in the working area of Puskesmas (Public Health Center) Kota Barat. The method used was quasi-experimental with the form of one group pretest-posttest. This research was conducted for one month with a total sample of 24 respondents. The research data were analyzed using the Paired Sample T-Test. The research findings indicated that the knowledge of patients before and after being provided homecare was at a good level, patient adherence before and after being provided homecare was categorized as obedient. Additionally, there was a significant effect of providing information through homecare media on the level of knowledge with a sig. value= 0.000 (0.01). However, there was no significant effect on therapy adherence with a sig. value= 0.010 (0.01) in tuberculosis patients in the working area of Puskesmas Kota Barat, Gorontalo
Standardisasi dan Pengukuran Kadar Flavonoid Daun Ketepeng Kecil (Senna tora (L.) Roxb.) Menggunakan Metode Spektrofotometri UV-Vis
Authors: Sy. Pakaya Mahdalena , Isa Ishak , Taupik Muhammad , Aprianto Paneo Mohamad , Ahyar Aldawaty I.
Published: March 2024

Sickle senna (Senna tora (L.) Roxb.) is a wild plant that is used by the community as a traditional medicine to treat diarrhea and intestinal worms. In the development of plants as traditional medicines, it is necessary to standardize the quality of plant materials to ensure their quality, stability, and safety. This study aims to determine the standadization of extracts both specifically and non-specifically and to determine the level of falvonoids in the fraction of sickle senna (Senna tora (L.) Roxb.) leaves. This study applies a phytochemical screening test, specific parameter test, non-specific parameter test, and flavonoid levels determination. The result of phytochemical screening shows that the fraction containing flavonoid compounds is 70% ethanol fraction. The results of standardization for specific parameter show the organoleptic ethanol fraction of 70% is in the form of semi-solid/viscous, black color and distinctive smell, with water soluble extract content is 19.08%, and ethanol soluble extract content is 23.35%. the standardization result for non-specific parameter shows that the total ash content is 1.76%, the acid insoluble ash content is 2.890%, drying shrinkage is 4.96%, and water content is 18.80%. meanwhile, metal and microbial contamination show no contamination in the 70% ethanol fraction. The result for the analysis of the flavonoid content of the 70% ethanol fraction. The result for the analysis of the flavonoid content of the 70% ethanol fraction of sickle senna leaves is carried out at a wavelength of 438.36 nm with an absorbance value of 0.0154. The total flavonoid level is calculated by the standard linear equation of quarcetin, which is y=0.0648x + (-0.0232) with a correlation coefficient (r2) = 0,9948 and a total flavonoid content of 4.713%
Penyembuhan Luka Bakar Gel Enzim Bromelin Secara In Vivo
Authors: Thomas Nur Ain , Taupik Muhammad , Ramadhani Fika Nuzul , H. Hutuba Ariani , Ramadani Putri Papeo Dizky
Published: March 2024

Bromelain is a proteolytic enzyme or natural protease found in tissues, including the stem, fruit, and leaves of pineapple (Ananas comosus var. comosus) and other plant species of the Bromeliaceae family. Bromelain is known as an efficient debdriding agent because it is beneficial in  burn healing and tissue regeneration. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of bromelain enzyme for burns wounds in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). This research began with the optimization of carbopol 940 base preparations with variations in concentration, namely Formula 1 (F1) for 0,5%, Formula 2 (F2) for 1%, and Formula 3 (F3) for 1,5%. The evaluation of the gel formulation includes an organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, viscosity test, adhesive force test, and spreadability test. The evaluation result indicates the base concentration in Formula 1 (F1) at 0,5% has met the requirements for a gel preparation. Formula 1 (F1) for 0,5, then combined with varying concentration of bromelain, namely Formula 1A (0,1%), Formula 1B (0,5%), and Formula 1C (1%). The gel formulation wa re-evaluated, including an organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, viscosity test, adhesion test, spreadability test, irritation test, and in vivo test. In vivo effectiveness testing and irritation testing were conducted on five treatment groups, namely a positive control group (Bioplacenton®), Formula 1A (0,1%), Formula 1B (0,5%), Formula 1C (1%), and a group without treatment, then observed for 15 days. The observation data were processed using the One Way ANOVA test. Based on the results of the irritation test, Formula 1A (0,1%). Formula 1B (0,5%) and Formula 1C (1%) did not cause skin irritation. In the in vivo test, Formula 1C (1%) indicated the fastest recovery compared to other treatment groups, as evidenced by the decrease in wound diameter and visual observation, where the wound had started to close completely on day 15 of observation.
Efektivitas Fraksi Metabolit Sekunder Jamur Endofit Lamun (Thalassia hemprichii) dari Kawasan Teluk Tomini Sebagai Antibakteri Jerawat
Authors: Sy. Pakaya Mahdalena , Nuzul Ramadhani Fika , Ridwan Ente Moh.
Published: March 2024

Endophytic fungi live in their host tissues, so that endophytic fungi can produce secondary metabolites that are similar to their hosts as well. In this case, the use of endophytic fungi can reduce the exploitation of seagrass populations (Thalassia hemprichii) in Tomini Bay. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the secondary metabolite fraction of the endophytic seagrass fungus (Thalassia hemprichii) from Tomini Bay against acne-causing bacteria. The test method used is disc diffusion method (Kirby Bauer), by measuring the inhibition zones of the ethanol fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and the N-hexan fraction of the secondary metabolite fraction of endophytic fungi against acne-causing bacteria. The liquid-liquid partition results of the secondary metabolites of seagrass endophytic fungi from the Tomini Bay area were the N-Hexan fraction of 3.06 grams, the Chloroform fraction of 2.90 grams, and the Ethyl Acetate fraction of 1.53 grams. While the effectiveness test of the N-Hexan, Chloroform, and Ethyl Acetate fractions of secondary metabolites of endophytic seagrass microbes from the Tomini Bay area showed that the N-Hexan fraction at a concentration of 75% had greater inhibition on each of the acne-causing bacteria, namely Propionibacterium acne 17 .33 mm (strong category), Staphylococcus aureus 17.86 mm (strong category), and Staphylococcus epidermidis 16.01 mm (strong category).
Profil Penggunaan Obat Antibiotik pada Penderita Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) di Puskesmas Kabupaten Gorontalo
Authors: Tuloli Teti Sutriyati , Akuba Juliyanti , Djuwarno Endah Nurrohwinta , Makkulawu Andi , Ahmad Riska Afriyanti
Published: March 2024

Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is a disease with a high prevalence. Most ARIs that occur are caused by viruses and do not require antibiotics. This study aims to determine whether or not Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) patients at Gorontalo Regency Health Center treated with antibiotic and to determine the appropriate drugs, appropriate indication, appropriate patients, and appropriate dose in Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) patients. This study is conducted retrospectively by taking data from the medical records of 300 ARI patients. Patient characteristics by sex are: male patients are 49% and females 51%. Most patients with ARI occurred at the age of 0-5 years are 155 cases (51.7%), 6-10 years are 47 cases (15.7%), 21-25 years are 39 cases (13%), 16-20 years are 31 cases (10.3%), and 11-15 years are 28 cases (9.3%). The research findings discover that the use of antibiotic drug in ARI patients comprises Amoxicillin for 51 cases (17%), Amoxicillin syrup for 13 cases (4,3%), Amoxicillin powder for 46 cases (15,3%), Cotrimoxazole for 2 cases (0,6%), Cefadroxil for 2 cases (0,6%), and Ciprofloxacin for 1 case (0,5%). In the meantime, those who are not treated with antibiotic drug are 185 cases (61,7%). Additionally, the use of drugs includes appropriate drugs for 86,7%, appropriate indications for 62,3%, appropriate doses for 72,3%, and appropriate patients for 100% which have been in accordance with clinical practice manual book in the primary health facility.
Studi Penatalaksanaan dan Ketepatan Pengobatan Antihipertensi pada Wanita Hamil di RSUD Toto Kabila
Authors: Madania Madania , Abdulkadir Widy Susanti , Djuwarno Endah Nurrohwinta , Suryadi A.Mu'thi Andy , Sherina Sherina
Published: March 2024

Hypertension is a condition that can affect pregnancy. High blood pressure during pregnancy can hinder fetal and uterine growth, lead to fetal death in the womb, and result in premature birth. These complications can be minimized with appropriate antihypertensive therapy. The objective of this study is to determine the incidence rate, management, and accuracy of antihypertensive treatment according to the reference standards of the 2016 Preeclampsia National Medical Service Guidelines (PNPK). This research was an observational descriptive study where the data obtained were secondary data collected retrospectively from medical records at Regional Public Hospital of Toto Kabila from September 2022 to May 2023. The sample was taken using a saturated sampling technique, so the sample in this study included all pregnant women diagnosed with preeclampsia. The results of the study obtained 65 patients, consisting of 36 severe preeclampsia patients and 29 mild preeclampsia patients. The study showed that hypertension in pregnant women was often found in the age group of 26-35 years, with 25 patients (39%), and in the third trimester of pregnancy, with 23 cases, while 2 experienced hypertension in the first trimester. 12 patients were diagnosed with severe preeclampsia and 13 patients with mild preeclampsia. The treatment of hypertension in pregnant women for mild preeclampsia included methyldopa (34%) and nifedipine (7%). For severe preeclampsia, single therapy included methyldopa (39%), amlodipine (8%), and combination therapy such as nifedipine + methyldopa (36%) and methyldopa + amlodipine (17%). The accuracy of antihypertensive drug use in pregnant women based on the 2016 Preeclampsia PNPK was 86%, including appropriate indications, correct drugs and correct doses.
Exploring the potential of omics technologies in medicinal plant research: A review in Colombia
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Cardona Karen M , Rugeles-Silva Paula A ,   Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Tarazona-Pulido Lina ,   Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Diaz-Ariza Lucia A ,   Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Muñoz-Florez Jaime E ,   Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Lopez-Alvarez Diana ,   Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Published: March 2024

This review presents advances in the implementation of high-throughput sequencing and its application to the knowledge of medicinal plants. We conducted a bibliographic search of papers published in PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science databases and analyzed the obtained data using VOSviewer (version 1.6.19). Given that medicinal plants are a source of specialized metabolites with immense therapeutic values and important pharmacological properties, plant researchers around the world have turned their attention toward them and have begun to examine them widely. Recent advances in sequencing technologies have reduced cost and time demands and accelerated medicinal plant research. Such research leverages full genome sequencing, as well as RNA (ribonucleic acid) sequencing and the analysis of the transcriptome, to identify molecular markers of species and functional genes that control key biological traits, as well as to understand the biosynthetic pathways of bioactive metabolites and regulatory mechanisms of environmental responses. As such, the omics (e.g., transcriptomics, metabolomics, proteomics, and genomics, among others) have been widely applied within the study of medicinal plants, although their usage in Colombia is still few and, in some areas, scarce.
Transformed Regression Type Estimators in the Presence of Missing Observations: Case Studies on COVID-19 Incidence in Chiang Mai, Thailand
Authors: Thongsak Natthapat , Lawson Nuanpan
Published: March 2024

The transformation technique can be used to modify the shape of the variable to improve the performance of the population mean estimator. In the presence of missing data, before estimating the population mean using standard statistical methods, missing data has to be taken care of. In this study, we focus on new transformed regression type estimators when missing data are present in the study variable under the uniform nonresponse mechanism and assume that the population mean of the auxiliary variable is unavailable which usually occurs in practice. An auxiliary variable can assist by increasing the efficacy of estimating the population mean. The bias and mean square error are investigated up to the first order degree approximation using the Taylor series. A simulation and case studies on COVID-19 incidence in Chiang Mai, Thailand are used to assess the performance of the new transformed estimators. The estimated number of COVID-19 patients who have pneumonia and require high-flow oxygen and the estimated daily confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Chiang Mai from the best proposed estimator are around 17 cases and 118 cases, respectively.
АНАЛІЗ ВПЛИВУ АЛЬТЕРНАТИВНОЇ ЕНЕРГЕТИКИ НА РОЗВИТОК СІЛЬСЬКИХ ТЕРИТОРІЙ
Authors: Бялковська О. А. , Гук Я. C. , Сікора О. О. , Бойко О. C.
Published: March 2024

Доведено, що альтернативна енергетика може стати сталим вирішенням ряду проблем в енергетичній галузі в Україні. З огляду на проблеми, що постали перед об’єднаними територіальними громадами в період російської агресії та спричиненими періодами «блекауту», альтернативна енергетика є одним з найважливіших напрямків в розвитку територіальних громад. У статті досліджено теоретичні засади позитивного впливу альтернативної енергетики на розвиток сільських територій України, проблеми переробки побутових відходів та проблеми виникнення стихійних сміттєзвалищ на територіях сучасних ОТГ. За результатами проведеного аналізу показано переваги одного виду альтернативної енергетики над іншими. Оцінено динаміку рівня розвитку певних видів альтернативної енергетики, що популярні в Україні та вказано на їх перспективи розвитку. Метою роботи є обґрунтування можливостей та аналіз розвитку альтернативної енергетики, його позитивний та негативний вплив на розвиток сільських територій. Матеріал і методика досліджень. Теоретико-методологічною базою дослідження стали праці зарубіжних та вітчизняних науковців та практиків, що проводять дослідження у вказаному напрямку. Для розв’язання поставлених цілей та завдань використані такі загальнонаукові методи досліджень: статистичний, та порівняльного аналізу – для аналізу динаміки розвитку альтернативної енергетики, абстрактно-логічний – для формування теоретичного масиву інформації, припущень, формування висновків та пропозицій.
МІСЦЕВІ ПОДАТКИ І ЗБОРИ ТА ЇХ РОЛЬ У ФІНАНСОВОМУ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННІ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ВЛАСНИХ ПОВНОВАЖЕНЬ ОРГАНІВ МІСЦЕВОГО САМОВРЯДУВАННЯ
Authors: Фугело П. М.
Published: March 2024

У статті обґрунтовано важливість місцевих податків та зборів для фінансового забезпечення органів місцевого самоврядування. Досліджено склад місцевих податків та зборів згідно Податкового кодексу. Проаналізовано динаміку місцевих податків та зборів за останніх 5 років. Пояснено причини приросту та зменшення місцевих податків та зборів. Проведено порівняння питомої ваги місцевих податків та зборів у структурі доходів місцевих бюджетів України та зведеного бюджету. Виявлено, що найзначнішими складовими місцевих податків та зборів є єдиний податок, плата за землю, податок на нерухоме майно відмінне від земельної ділянки. Пояснено зміни в динаміці плати за землю та податку на нерухоме майно відмінне від земельної ділянки. Відзначено, що зростання єдиного податку навіть з початком війни відбулося завдяки змінам у податковому законодавстві, які дозволили суб’єктам господарювання з високими доходами переходити на спрощену систему оподаткування: сплата єдиного податку в розмірі 2% замість сплати податку на прибуток (18%) та ПДВ. Здійснено характеристику сучасного стану, проблем та напрямів підвищення фіскальної ефективності системи місцевого оподаткування, в тому числі в частині адміністрування місцевих податків. Відзначено, що рівень виконання місцевих бюджетів за доходами з початком пономасштабної війни безпосередньо залежить від стану ведення бойових дій у регіонах. Зокрема, вагомий приріст доходів по певних областях зумовлюється переселенням ВПО та переміщенням бізнесу із територій, де ведуться (велися) бойові дії або територій, тимчасово окупованих збройними формуваннями російської федерації. Зазначено, що податкові пільги під час війни були необхідним антикризовим заходом, що допомогли підприємствам переналаштувати бізнес на екстремальні умови праці, знайти нові можливості для відновлення і налагодження виробництва продукції.