bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
p53 Promotes Ferroptosis in Macrophages Treated with Fe3O4 Nanoparticles
Authors: WU cong , zhang boyou , shen zhiming , sun fei , lu yi , yuan lei , zhang guozhong , wang zhihao , shi hongcan
Published: March 2021

Background: Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs, also known as iron oxide NPs; IONPs) have high biocompatibility and low biotoxicity. They are widely used in the field of biotechnology for targeted delivery, image formation, and photothermal therapy. NP biodistribution is determined by macrophage capture in vivo, and recently, the induction of macrophage polarization into the M1 phenotype by IONPs has become a hot topic in research. Previous research has shown that IONPs can induce ferroptosis of ovarian cancer cells and ischemic cardiomyocytes. In this study, we exposed macrophages to synthesized Fe3O4 NPs (100 nm in diameter) and determined the effects of NPs in inducing cell death by RNA sequencing.Results: We observed that after 48 h exposure to NPs, there was a change in the macrophage phenotype and a reduction in cell viability. Then, we demonstrated that NPs could induce macrophage cell damage by increasing intracellular reactive oxygen species and by repressing the mitochondrial membrane potential. Furthermore, we investigated the underlying mechanisms of ferroptosis of macrophages using RNA sequencing and change in ultrastructural morphology, and found that ferroptosis was caused by the upregulation of p53 expression and inhibition of SLC7A11 expression, as their protein levels after 48 h exposure to Fe3O4 NPs were consistent with erastin-induced ferroptosis. Conclusions: These results provide an insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying ferroptosis induced by Fe3O4 NPs in macrophages and provide a basis for the biotoxicity study of Fe3O4 NPs in vivo.
Silica Particles Trigger Pulmonary Fibrosis Act Through Cell-To-Cell Delivery of Exosomal Mir-107
Authors: Wang Di , Hao Changfu , Guo Wei , Pei Yangqing , Zhang Lin , Bao Lei , Liu Suna , Li Yiping , Qu Yaqian , Zhao Youliang , Ding Mingcui , Yao Wu
Published: March 2021

Background: Long-term exposure to inhalable silica particles may lead to a serious systemic pulmonary disease called silicosis. However, the role and mechanisms of exosomes in silicosis are not well understood. We previously reported that serum exosomal micro (mi) RNA profile was altered in pneumoconiosis patients and silica-exposed macrophages.This study was aimed to explore and verify the role of the exosomal miRNA in lung fibrosis when exposed to silica particles. Results: The RT-qPCR result revealed that the levels of the miR-107, miR-122-5p, miR-125a-5p, miR-126-5p, and miR-335-5p were elevated in serous exosomes of silicosis patients. A bioinformatics analysis predicted 5 potential interactions involving these miRNAs, with miR-107–cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 6 having the highest score. In a mouse model of silica particle-induced silicosis, miR-107 level in serum exosomes and lung tissue was increased during the development of fibrosis, while inhibition of miR-107 reduced pulmonary fibrosis. The number of exosomes secreted by macrophages exposed to silica particles was also increased and showed altered cargo composition, and showed a capacity to promote lung fibroblast transdifferentiation through a possible mechanism involving the delivery of miR-107 by macrophages to lung fibroblasts via exosomes, resulting in targeted inhibition of CDK6, reduced retinoblastoma protein phosphorylation, and inhibition of E2F1 and cell cycle progression. Conclusion: In summary, exosomal miR-107 derived from macrophages exposed to silica particles were transferred to pulmonary fibroblasts to trigger their transdifferentiation by targeting CDK6 and arresting cell cycle. These findings provide insight into the pathogenesis of silicosis and potential targets for intervention.
Factors Associated with COVID-19 Low Risk perception among urban dwellers in Malawi
Authors: Dzimbiri Mastano Nambiro Woleson , Chilanga Emmanuel , Mwanjawala Patrick , Keller Amanda
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Malawians have yet to broadly adopt COVID-19 mitigation measures despite having overwhelming evidence about its infectivity, morbidity, and fatality. Understanding why the general population is not proactive in reducing the spread of this illness is critical to learning how to address this issue. This study explores Malawian COVID-19 risk perception and the associated constraints in the adoption of mitigations. A Health Belief Model (HBM) approach was used to understand factors that undermine COVID-19 messages to achieve behavior change.Methods: The study applied a rapid appraisal and photovoice methodology in this qualitative inquiry to better understand individual risk perception regarding COVID-19. We selected 33 participants from three major cities in Malawi. We transcribed verbatim audio interviews and videos. Transcripts were coded manually to derive key themes and concepts. Results: Religious and political beliefs strongly influenced COVID-19 risk perception. Critical religious factors included the coming of Christ, the wrath of God, and the coming of the beast. Politically, participants believed that COVID-19 lockdown measures were a ploy by the ruling party to remain in power.Conclusion: The study suggests that religious beliefs and political environment undermine self-perceived risk of contracting COVID-19 among urban dwellers in Malawi. We recommend that diverse actors in Malawi should collaborate to promote the dissemination of accurate COVID-19 discourses and reduce the severity of the pandemic’s impact on the Malawi populous.
Groundwater quality assessment for domestic purposes in Mpherembe, northwest of Mzimba district, Rural Malawi
Authors: Dzimbiri Mastano Nambiro Woleson , Levy Jonathan , Chilanga Emmanuel , Mtenga Chifundo , Olubodun Oluwaseun
Published: March 2021

Access to potable water is a public health problem in Malawi. Knowledge of water quality can significantly reduce waterborne diseases amongst users. The present study examines the groundwater quality for domestic use in Mpherembe, northwest of Mzimba district rural Malawi. Ten (10) water samples were collected from various sources and subsequently tested for physio-chemical and microbiological parameters using standard methods. The results obtained were compared against the Malawi Bureau of Standards (MS 733:2005) and World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for drinking water quality. The microbiological examination of water samples revealed the presence of E. coli bacteria (range 62-136cfu/100m), and high levels of turbidity (range 5.58–46.8 NTU) in wells. However, Magnesium hardness and Electrical Conductivity (EC) were recorded high in boreholes compared to wells. The presence of faecal matter and high mineral concentration in domestic water is a health risk when consumed prior to treatment. To ensure public health safety, interventions that focus on household water treatment such as chlorination are recommended in this study area.
Design of Digitally Controlled DC-DC Boost Converter for the Operation in DC Microgrid
Authors: Barui T. K. , Goswami S. , Mondal D.
Published: March 2021

Renewable energy sources (RESs) are becoming increasingly important day by day to tranquilize the world’s energy crisis and consume fossil fuels in the lower rung. A microgrid system that assimilates clean and green energy-based sources such as solar, wind, and biogas is acquiring much prominence over the conventional grid-based power systems in this day and age. For the up and running of the inexhaustible energy sources in the AC power network, numerous conversions of the power sources occur. In the process of conversion, some amount of power is lost, which minimizes conversion efficiency. However, with the increasing use of DC loads and Distributed Energy Resources (DERs), DC Microgrid could be more beneficial than the conventional AC power system by avoiding several types of drawbacks. This paper demonstrates an efficient system of digitally controlled boost converter for the parallel operation in DC microgrid. Here, the converter of 2.5kW 400V is designed and implemented to validate its functioning in a Microgrid. The whole system has been simulated in MATLAB with an input voltage range of 220–380 V. It has been found that the designed converter can maintain the desired output voltage in the DC Busbar at and around 400 V. Finally, some simulation results have been presented to analyze the converter’s operational characteristics and effectiveness in the practical domain.
DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS FOR SUPPLY MANAGEMENT IN TRANSPORTATION NETWORKS UNDER CONDITIONS OF UNCERTAINTY OF TRANSPORTATION COST VALUES
Authors: Raskin Lev , Sira Oksana , Parfeniuk Yurii , Bazilevych Kseniia
Published: March 2021

The problem of transport management in a distributed logistics system "suppliers – consumers" is considered. Under the assumption of a random nature of transportation costs, an exact algorithm for solving this problem by a probabilistic criterion has been developed. This algorithm is implemented by an iterative procedure for sequential improvement of the transportation plan. The rate of convergence of a computational procedure to an exact solution depends significantly on the dimension of the problem and is unacceptably low in real problems. In this regard, an alternative method is proposed, based on reducing the original problem to solving a nontrivial problem of fractional-nonlinear programming. A method for solving this problem has been developed and substantiated. The corresponding computational algorithm reduces the fractional-nonlinear model to the quadratic one. The resulting problem is solved by known methods. Further, the original problem is supplemented by considering a situation that is important for practice, when in the conditions of a small sample of initial data there is no possibility of obtaining adequate analytical descriptions for the distribution densities of the random costs of transportation. In this case, the available volume of statistical material is sufficient only to estimate the first two moments of unknown distribution densities. For this marginal case, a minimax method for finding the transportation plan is proposed. The first step is to solve the problem of determining the worst distribution density with the given values of the first two moments. In the second step, the transportation plan is found, which is the best in this most unfavorable situation, when the distribution densities of the random cost of transportation are the worst. To find such densities, let’s use the modern mathematical apparatus of continuous linear programming
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF SLAB THICKNESS ON CRACK WIDTH IN RIGID PAVEMENT SLABS
Authors: Soehardjono Agoes , Aditya Candra
Published: March 2021

Cracks that occur in rigid pavements include longitudinal cracks, transverse cracks, and corner cracks. The relatively large crack width not only spoils the aesthetics of the concrete structural elements but can also lead to structural failure. This study aims to determine the crack width of a rigid pavement concrete slab located above the subgrade which is considered a beam on an elastic foundation, so that a minimum rigid pavement concrete slab thickness can be recommended. The specimen will be observed at various thicknesses to obtain the optimum thickness. The load used is a centralized monotonous load, which represents the load of the truck vehicle. The research limitation is using a test object in the form of a concrete plate measuring 2000x600 mm which is placed on the ground with CBR=6 %. The quality of reinforced concrete slabs is fc'=40 MPa and fy=440.31 MPa. The thickness of the concrete slab varies between 100 mm, 150 mm, and 200 mm. The slab placed on the ground is then given a central loading in the form of a centralized monotonic load. The loading range starts from a load of 2–180 kN with a load interval of 2 kN. The experimental results show that the rigid pavement slab has a bending failure so that the crack pattern that occurs begins with the first crack on the underside of the slab. The crack pattern in terms of slab thickness variation has a similar pattern. The initial crack width on the slab is 0.04 mm. The thicker the slab smaller the crack width at the same load. Based on the maximum allowable crack width=0.3 mm. For loads between (80–100) kN (Road Class I, II, and III), a minimum thickness of rigid pavement slabs (70–80) mm is recommended. For loads between (130–140) kN, the minimum thickness of the rigid pavement slab (105–115) mm is recommended
TEMPERATURE PREDICT OF AERATION TANK WALLS FOR BIOLOGICAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT SUBSYSTEM OF HAMDAN STATION
Authors: Morad Akeel M. Ali , Mohammed Alya Aqeel , Sahi Angham Omeer , Al-Sayyab Ali Khalid Shaker
Published: March 2021

A heat transfer modeled for predicting the wall temperature of aeration tank in a biological wastewater treatment subsystem of Hamden station is presented. The method to treatment employed depending upon the pollutants in wastewater and extent to which it is desired to eliminate them in order to congregate required standards of water quality. Several heat gain and loss mechanisms concerned to develop of the model of temperature computer includes heat gains through conduction and radiation. While the heat losses referred to convection and radiation. It classified radiation heat transfer and biological reaction as a gained heat, while classifying the rate of evaporation, aerator, and wind velocity as lost heat.

This study relied on a previous study, and based on the assumptions that have been identified so that a model development can be obtained to calculate the surface temperature of the wall of the aeration tank in a biological treatment system. The operational, weather and temperature data were to be registered from Iraqi weather forecast- Basra Airport. To obtain reliable results, the model was simulated using the STELLA software v.9.02, which gave accurate results in determining the parameters that affect the tank wall temperature changes. The STELLA software is Model calibration and considers as a dynamics language because of STELLA is software for graphic and dynamic simulation for the wall temperature of aeration tank. The results have shown a good accuracy and increment between the production walls temperatures with average ranged about (0.2 %) of present work. The model shows the sensitivity through set of precious five parameters like organic removal rate, ambient air temperature, wind velocity, air relative humidity, and the wall effective area of the aeration tank
INVESTIGATION ON THE AIR-GAS CHARACTERISTICS OF AIR-HYDROGEN MIXER DESIGNED FOR DUAL FUEL – ENGINES
Authors: Kazum Alaulddin A. , Attia Osam H. , Mosa Ali I. , Mariah. Adam Nor
Published: March 2021

High smoke emissions, nitrogen oxide and particulate matter typically produced by diesel engines. Diminishing the exhausted emissions without doing any significant changes in their mechanical configuration is a challenging subject. Thus, adding hydrogen to the traditional fuel would be the best practical choice to ameliorate diesel engines performance and reduce emissions. The air hydrogen mixer is an essential part of converting the diesel engine to work under dual fuel mode (hydrogen-diesel) without any engine modification. In this study, the Air-hydrogen mixer is developed to get a homogenous mixture for hydrogen with air and a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio according to the speed of the engine. The mixer depends on the balance between the force exerted on the head surface of the valve and the opposite forces (the spring and friction forces) and its relation to decrease and increase the fuel inlet. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis software was utilised to study the hydrogen and airflow behaviour inside the mixer, established by 3.2 L engine. The Air-hydrogen mixer is examined with different speeds of engine1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 RPM. Results showed air-hydrogen mixture was homogenous in the mixer. Furthermore, the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio was achieved according to the speed of the engine, the developed mixer of the AIR-Hydrogen mixing process provides high mixing homogeneity and engines with stoichiometric air-fuel ratios, which subsequently contributes to the high levels of efficiency in engine operation. In summary, the current study intends to reduce the emissions of gases and offer a wide range of new alternative fuels usage. While the performance of the diesel engine with the new air-hydrogen mixer needs to be tested practically.
The influence of servant leadership on job satisfaction with individual character as a moderating variable
Authors: Hasanuddin Bakri , M Mustainah , Chintya Dewi Buntuang Pricylia
Published: March 2021

This study aims to investigate the influence of servant leadership on job satisfaction with individual character as a moderating variable. It used a quantitative approach with multiple linear regression analysis. The population of this study were employees of the Central Sulawesi province industry and trade office. It involved 72 samples selected using a purposive sampling technique. The results showed that servant leadership significantly influence job satisfaction with a value of 82.5%. The most significant factor affecting job satisfaction is wisdom (correlation coefficient = 0.863) in which the higher the wisdom, the higher the job satisfaction. The next factor is persuasive mapping in which the higher the persuasive mapping, the higher the job satisfaction (correlation coefficient = 0.697). Then, it was followed by altruistic calling with the correlation coefficient value of 0.524 in which the higher the altruistic calling, the higher the job satisfaction. The last is emotional healing with a correlation coefficient value of 0.291 in which the higher the emotional healing, the higher the job satisfaction. On the other hand, organizational stewardship is the only factor does not influence the job satisfaction (correlation coefficient = 0.009).
“MY DEAR, CLOSE AND DISTANT FRIEND”: Nina Berberova’s Letters to Sergej Rittenberg (1947–1975)
Authors: Ljunggren Magnus
Published: March 2021

Nina Berberova (1901–1993) almost appears to have lived several lives. First, she was a young writer in the revolutionary Russia. Then she witnessed the hectic 1920s in Berlin and achieved her literary breakthrough in interwar Paris with psychologically finely-honed novels and short stories set in the Russian émigré community. Finally, she went on in the latter half of the century to a career as a Slavist in the United States. She had her eyes on Russia the whole time. As an academic she studied the cracks in the ideological wall and seems early on to have foreseen her return to her homeland. At last, as she approached the age of ninety, she had vanquished the Soviet Union and could go back in triumph in the “revolutionary” year of 1989. In addition to everything else Berberova was an avid letter writer who maintained a great many correspondences. For nearly thirty years she was friends with her Russian – and Petersburgian –countryman Sergej Rittenberg (1899–1975) in Stockholm, to whom she sent more than 150 letters and postcards between 1947 and 1975. A reflection of her thoughts and reading interests, they also provide a glimpse into the genesis of her huge memoir The Italics Are Mine (Kursiv moj). This volume presents Berberova’s letters with an introduction and extensive commentaries by Professor Magnus Ljunggren.
Medieval Karaite Exegesis as Evidenced in Selected Examples from Yefet Ben Eli’s Commentary on the Book of Hosea
Authors: Stefański Jacek
Published: March 2021

For many years, Karaite exegesis was relatively unknown to numerous Biblical scholars. This situation has been changing with an increasing access to source materials. As a result, more and more Karaite exegetical treasures representing the trends of Karaite Judaism have come to the fore. Among them, there is the Commentary on the Book of Hosea by Yefet ben Eli, one of the most significant representatives of Karaism in the tenth century. Yefet ben Eli exhibits a remarkable knowledge of Hebrew etymology, which enables him to provide unique answers to the interpretative problems in the Masoretic Text. His apologetic concern for prospective Muslim readers of his commentary is also noteworthy. Although, in general, Karaism sought to concentrate on the literal sense of the Scripture, Yefet ben Eli does not shy away from recourses to rabbinic oral tradition. Nevertheless, his exegetical contribution remains unique, as clearly demonstrated by the selected examples from his Commentary.
The Missionary Activity of St. Peter Outside Palestine in the Light of the New Testament Literature
Authors: Mickiewicz Franciszek
Published: March 2021

From the historical works of Eusebius of Caesarea we learn that St. Peter went to Rome in 42 and preached the Gospel there for 25 years. However, this information is not confirmed in the books of the New Testament. For this reason, this article attempts to answer the question of where St. Peter could have stayed and acted from the moment he left Jerusalem (Acts 12:17) until his arrival in Rome. The analysis of Gal 2:11–14 leads to the conclusion that after the Council of Jerusalem he certainly stayed in Antioch for some time. It is possible that during his long journey he reached the northern regions of Asia Minor, as a reminiscence of this can be found in 1 Peter 1:1. Then, on his way to Rome, he probably paid a visit to Christians in Corinth, as evidenced by 1 Cor 1:12; 9:5. These texts therefore allow us to suppose that after leaving Jerusalem, St. Peter became an itinerant apostle, carried out extensive missionary activities and, thanks to his personal contacts with Christian communities, gained great authority among them.
Spiritual and Moral Implications of Baptism According to Mark the Hermit
Authors: Kamczyk Wojciech
Published: March 2021

By taking up the problem of baptism in his writings, Mark the Hermit responds to the tendencies of the Messalians, who denied the value of baptism. Pointing to the consequences of the sacrament, he emphasizes its effectiveness in terms of being rescued from the corollaries of Adam’s sin, restoring freedom and the ability to fulfill the commandments. He emphasizes the priority and efficacy of grace given in a secret manner at the time of baptism. He reminds, however, that baptism does not deprive man of free will, but it can support it in fulfilling the law of God. He also emphasizes the mysterious indwelling of the entire Holy Trinity in the heart of the baptized and its activity. For Mark the Hermit baptism itself also involves “being placed in the paradise of the Church,” which he understands as the ability to perform acts of love towards one’s brothers.
Passions and the Struggle Against Them According to Mark the Hermit
Authors: Nieścior Leon
Published: March 2021

Mark the Hermit, a monk from the 4th century, active probably in Asia Minor, indicates in an original way that the cause of passion in man is forgetting about good thoughts (lēthē), carelessness (rhathymia) and ignorance (agnoia). This threefold evil is opposed by the following means: forgetfulness – by memory of good works, carelessness – by most sincere readiness, ignorance – by enlightened cognition. Nobody before him had ever dealt with the causes of passion in such a way and indicated such an antidote to them. In order to understand Mark the Hermit’s theory, it is necessary to look in detail at this writer’s teaching about passion and the ascetic fight against it. This article is devoted to this spiritually important issue.
Catholic Anthropology from an Ecological Perspective: Pastoral Study in the Light of the Encyclical Laudato si’
Authors: Przybyłowski Jan Kazimierz
Published: March 2021

One of the important causes of the ecological crisis is the egoistic mentality of contemporary people and the lack of respect for the natural order and immanent purpose of the creation. In order to shape a new pro-ecological consciousness a new concept of man and his relations with the environment is needed. One of the proposals is Catholic anthropology, whose ecological foundations were indicated by Pope Francis in his Encyclical Laudato si’. It is a proposal to describe man applying religious concepts, but also including the up-to-date knowledge about man and the environment. It is a concept open to dialogue, the aim of which should be the development of a pro-ecological lifestyle for contemporary people. Catholic anthropology postulates to combine “external” ecology with “moral” ecology, which can help modern man not only to have control over nature, but also to become its defender through small, everyday activities. In ecologically oriented anthropology, the created world is treated as a common home, and Pope Francis calls it our sister, with whom we share existence, and a beautiful mother, who takes us in her arms.
Communal and Community-Forming Character of Prayer
Authors: Tatar Marek
Published: March 2021

In the age of secularisation, prayer is becoming an increasingly difficult act of believers to understand. Extremely dangerous individualism and subjectivism is the contemporary threat to common and community prayer. All of this makes it necessary to take a new look at this category of prayer so that it leads to an authentic testimony from Christians in the world. In this way, it also prevents the dangerous exclusivity of believers themselves when faced with challenges. Among the whole variety and categories of prayers, communal prayer and the prayer of community are very important. This distinction is necessary because it reveals to us the truth that every prayer has a communal character even though it is not always a common prayer. However, prayer celebrated together is the source of life for the Christian, the Church and the clearest and most readable testimony of faith.
Competência em informação para a igualdade racial
Authors: Sousa Gleyce Kelly Alves , Valério Erinaldo Dias , Campos Arthur Ferreira
Published: March 2021

Informa que a competência em informação são habilidades que o sujeito exerce para o uso, a busca e a avaliação da informação. Discute sobre a competência em informação, no campo das relações raciais, das (os) estudantes da Faculdade de Informação e Comunicação na Universidade Federal de Goiás, a fim de colaborar com a agenda antirracista. Realiza pesquisa básica, exploratória e bibliográfica, com abordagem qualitativa. Utiliza como instrumento de coleta de dados questionário, aplicado via Google Forms. Aponta que as (os) discentes necessitam de uma formação mais pontual que possibilite uma discussão sobre a situação da população negra brasileira e o entendimento sobre as relações raciais no Brasil. Conclui que a competência em informação é importante para a (o) futura (o) profissional da informação e comunicação no debate das relações raciais para a promoção da igualdade racial, buscando orientar a sociedade para a igualdade racial.
O olhar teórico sobre as fontes de informação e o universo literário e biográfico de Clarice Lispector
Authors: Lima Sanielly Ianar Alves , Andrade Roberia de Lourdes de Vasconcelos
Published: March 2021

As fontes de informação são instrumentos que potencializam o conhecimento. Assim, este artigo aborda o universo teórico das fontes de informação no âmbito da Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação. Apresenta conceitos e as tipologias informacionais, suas características e o seu papel social, especificamente a biografia. Estabelece a correlação entre o estudo das fontes de informação e a literatura de Clarice Lispector, descrevendo o caráter literário e biográfico de sua obra. Expõe os apontamentos da crítica literária quanto à obra clariceana e as reflexões teóricas a respeito da fonte biográfica. Reconhece que a biografia, enquanto fonte de informação, dialoga com o texto literário, constituindo relações intrínsecas entre realidade e ficção.
Relações dinâmicas entre memória e esquecimento
Authors: Lima Paulo Ricardo Silva , Souza Edivanio Duarte de
Published: March 2021

Na atual sociedade da informação, regida por políticas de acesso e de privacidade, o direito ao esquecimento surge como ferramenta de proteção dos direitos fundamentais do cidadão. Assim, discute-se algumas ambivalências que envolvem esse direito e sua efetiva sua aplicabilidade. No Brasil, não há uma legislação específica que verse sobre a aplicação do direito ao esquecimento e sua relação com a memória individual e coletiva, sendo realizados julgamentos com base na ponderação de direitos fundamentais oriundos da personalidade humana. Além disso, Supremo Tribunal Federal considerou que o direito ao esquecimento é incompatível com a Constituição Federal, apontando para as análises de casos concretos que comentam excessos e abusos à liberdade de expressão e ao direito à informação. Considera, contudo, que o movimento de proteção de dados resultou em instrumentos normativos para atender às demandas sociais, políticas e econômicas do mundo contemporâneo, sobretudo, na produção dos direitos de personalidade.
Questões éticas em tratamento temático da informação e o impacto sobre a acessibilidade informacional
Authors: Hott Daniela Francescutti Martins , Oliveira Lais Pereira de
Published: March 2021

Aborda a ética no tratamento temático da informação dentro da dinâmica do acesso e uso informacional. Objetiva discutir teoricamente questões éticas em tratamento temático da informação e o impacto dessas sobre a acessibilidade informacional. Metodologicamente, tem-se pesquisa de ordem teórica, exploratório-descritiva e de abordagem qualitativa. Emprega revisão de literatura sobre artigos de periódicos, trabalhos publicados em eventos e capítulos de livro do campo biblioteconômico-informacional. A reflexão teórica evidencia pontos de necessário aperfeiçoamento, a fim de que se garanta um processo representativo imbuído de imparcialidade, limitado à atribuição de assunto que seja concernente ao documento, mas que ao mesmo tempo, não traga perdas para o usuário da informação. Delimita-se, por fim, a necessária integração entre o trato temático, a ética e a acessibilidade informacional, em vias de fomentar a cadeia documental em torno da produção, da organização e do uso da informação.
Aqueous Extract of Cola nitida and Garcinia kola Synergistically Enhances Hippocampal-hypothalamic Glutamate and Na+ /K+ -ATPase Activity in Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Olaniyi Kehinde S. , Sabinari Isaiah W. , Oniyide Adesola A. , Akinnagbe Nifesimi T. , Agunbiade Toluwani B. , Alese Oluwole O.
Published: March 2021

Background:

The incidence of cognitive decline has been proposed to rise exponentially
in the coming years. Therapies targeting molecular pathways involved in the enhancement of memory
and energy regulation could be a major breakthrough in the prevention or management of dementia
in susceptible populations.

Objectives:

This study investigated the effects of aqueous extracts of Cola nitida (AECONS) and
Garcinia kola (AEGAK) on glutamate level and Na+/K+-ATPase activity in the hippocampus and
hypothalamus of male Wistar rats.

Methods:

Adult male Wistar rats (170-200) were randomly allotted into groups (n=5/group); control
(distilled water p.o.), AECONS1 (200 mg/kg), AECONS2 (400 mg/kg), AEGAK1 (200
mg/kg), AEGAK2 (400 mg/kg), AECONS1+AEGAK1 and AECONS2+AEGAK2. The extract
was prepared and the administration was done daily for 6 weeks.

Results and Discussion:

Administration of AECONS or AEGAK increased plasma, hippocampal
and hypothalamic glutamate, Na+/K+-ATPase activity, NO, SOD except hippocampal glutamate in
AECONS1/AEGAK1, Na+/K+-ATPase activity and SOD in AEGAK1, hypothalamic glutamate
and SOD in AECONS1 when compared with control. Besides, MDA level decreased in AEGAK2
and hippocampal but not hypothalamic MDA decreased in AEGAK1 compared with control. However,
concomitant administration of AECONS and AEGAK enhanced plasma, hippocampal and hypothalamic
biomarkers except hypothalamic MDA level. The present study demonstrates that AECONS
and AEGAK synergistically enhance hippocampal and hypothalamic glutamate and Na+/K+-
ATPase activity, which are accompanied by NO and SOD-dependent antioxidant enrichment.

Conclusion:

These findings, therefore, suggest that AECONS+AEGAK could be a better therapeutic
candidate in hippocampal-hypothalamic-related neurodegenerative diseases.
Hierarchical and Multi-resolution Neuron Network Computing for Complex Inverse Problems-An Approach Based on Brain-inspired Computing and Learning Method
Authors: Zhou Mingyong
Published: March 2021

Background:

Complex inverse problems such as Radar Imaging and CT/EIT imaging are well investigated in mathematical algorithms with various regularization methods. However it is difficult to obtain stable inverse solutions with fast convergence and high accuracy at the same time due to the ill-posed property and non-linear property.

Objective:

In this paper, we propose a hierarchical and multi-resolution scalable method from both algorithm perspective and hardware perspective to achieve fast and accurate solu-tions for inverse problems by taking radar and EIT imaging as examples.

Method:

We present an extension of discussion on neuromorphic computing as brain-inspired computing method and the learning/training algorithm to design a series of problem specific AI “brains” (with different memristive values) to solve a general complex ill-posed inverse problems that are traditionally solved by mathematical regular operators. We design a hierarchical and multi-resolution scalable method and an algorithm framework to train AI deep learning neuron network and map into the memristive circuit so that the memristive val-ues are optimally obtained. We propose FPGA as an emulation implementation for neuro-morphic circuit as well.

Result:

We compared the methodology between our approach and traditional regulariza-tion method. In particular we use Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) and Radar imaging as typical examples to compare how to design an AI deep learning neuron network architec-tures to solve inverse problems.

Conclusion:

With EIT imaging as a typical example, we show that any moderate complex inverse problem, as long as it can be described as combinational problem, AI deep learning neuron network is a practical alternative approach to try to solve the inverse problems with any given expected resolution accuracy, as long as the neuron network width is large enough and computational power is strong enough for all combination samples training purpose.
Toward socio-contextual perspective: A case in analyzing texts
Authors: Hidayanti Ni Nyoman Ayu Tri
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the social context, the text organization, and the text structure. The data that are analyzed in this study are taken from the book entitled Tales of Wisdom. There are two main texts are used in this study. The theory used was Halliday (1978) advocated placing the context of situation into a broader social context. The result of this study revealed that all of the elements of the context of situation (field, tenor, mode) were found in the texts. Both of the texts were well organized seen from the text organization including starting (orientation), content (complication), and ending (resolution).  In terms of text structure, the use of reference and conjunction were frequently occurred. Of the four sub conjunctions, only three sub conjunctions were appeared and additive is the most one of all.
Characteristics of Tuna Viscera (Thunnus sp.) Hydrolysate Protein Fermented by Bacillus licheniformis
Authors: Nugroho Galih , Wilujeng Ekawati Arning , Kartikaningsih Hartati
Published: March 2021

This study aims to analyze the nutritional composition of the degree of hydrolysis and amino acids in the internal organ waste of tuna and the protein hydrolyzate of tuna's internal organs after fermentation using the Bacillus licheniformis bacteria. The analysis showed that the protein content of tuna offal was 53.52%, and after fermentation by Bacillus licheniformis, bacteria were able to increase protein levels from 56.04. The degree of hydrolysis of protein (DH) showed an increase of 13.24% in tuna offal to 22.28% of protein hydrolyzates are fermented tuna innards. The total essential amino acids and non-essential amino acids in the fermented tuna innards' protein hydrolyzates increased during the fermentation process. The highest levels of essential amino acids were found in arginine as high as 3.632965 at the 96th hour, and the lowest histidine was 1.082602. In contrast, for the highest non-essential amino acids, there was glycine at 8.52223, and the lowest for tyrosine was 1.272592.
Molecular bird sexing of sulphur‐crested cockatoo (Cacatua galerita) by poly
Authors: Savitri Diana , Putri Irhamna , Nugrahani Warih Pulung , Purwaningrum Medania , Haryanto Aris
Published: March 2021

Sex identification of endangered and protected birds in captivity is very important for conservation programs. Half of the world’s bird species are monomorphic, where male and female are difficult to distinguished morphologically, including cockatoos. Sex identification using molecular bird sexing is more accurate and applicable because it directly targets the sex chromosomes. The purpose of this study was to determine the sex of Sulphur‐crested cockatoo (Cacatua galerita) by detecting differences in the intron size of the chromodomain helicase DNA‐binding 1 (CHD1) gene on the Z and W chromosomes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and to compare of plucked feathers and blood samples as DNA sources for molecular bird sexing. DNA was extracted from feather and blood samples from four C. galerita. Extracted DNA was amplified on the CHD1 gene by PCR method with P2, MP, and NP primers, which were visualized using agarose gel 1.5% under UV transilluminator with a wavelength of 280 nm. The resulting PCR product was detected at 392 bp for the CHD1 Z gene segment and 297 bp for CHD1 W gene segments, where males showed a single DNA band (ZZ) and females showed a double DNA band (ZW). Four C. galerita were 100% successfully determined, consisting of one female and three males. Electrophoresis results showed DNA bands from blood samples were thicker and brighter than DNA bands from feather samples.
Analisis Daya Tarik Budidaya dan Pengolahan Kopi untuk Pengembangan Agrowisata di Desa Babadan Banjarnegara
Authors: Fathoni Ihsan
Published: March 2021

Desa Babadan memiliki perkebunan kopi sekitar 70 ha dan sekitar 30 ha diantaranya telah berproduksi. Selain itu, Desa Babadan berada di jalur alternatif menuju kawasan wisata Dataran Tinggi Dieng, ini artinya Desa Babadan berpotensi menarik minat wisatawan kopi dari berbagai kalangan. Atraksi wisata kopi saat ini didominasi aktivitas panen, penanganan pascapanen, dan konsumsi kopi, sehingga perlu alternatif pengembangan daya tarik budidaya kopi. Oleh karena itu, perkebunan kopi di Desa Babadan Banjarnegara perlu dikembangkan melalui analisis daya tarik budidaya dan pengolahan kopi, sehingga dapat menambah pengetahuan bagi wisatawan dan meningkatkan pendapatan petani kopi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi daya tarik budidaya hingga pengolahan kopi, potensi wisatawan kopi, dan rekomendasi untuk pengembangan wisata kopi di Desa Babadan. Pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling dari wisatawan domestik dan wisatawan mancanegara yang tertarik pada pengembangan agrowisata kopi dan dianalisis secara kuantitatif. Data diperoleh dengan melakukan studi pustaka, observasi, wawancara, dan penyebaran kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa daya tarik budidaya dan pengolahan kopi paling diminati yaitu daya tarik panen dan pengolahan kopi baik bagi wisatawan domestik maupun wisatawan mancanegara. Secara umum hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan wisata kopi berdasarkan daya tarik budidaya dan pengolahan kopi dapat menarik semua kalangan wisatawan dan dapat dikembangkan dengan cara yang sama bagi kepentingan wisatawan domestik dan wisatawan mancanegara.
Membangun Promosi Pariwisata melalui Regram Studi Akun Instagram @Indtravel
Authors: Kusuma Nimas Ayu Pranita , Ahimsa-Putra Heddy Shri , Suprihanto John
Published: March 2021

Regram adalah istilah yang digunakan pada media sosial Instagram untuk mendefinisikan unggah ulang konten. Strategi regram menjadi fenomena baru dalam promosi pariwisata. Kementerian Pariwisata dan Ekonomi Kreatif telah menggunakan strategi tersebut pada konten promosi destinasi pariwisata tahun 2019. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis fenomena promosi pariwisata melalui konten regram. Penelitian ini menggunakan Analisis wacana untuk mendapatkan gambaran fenomena regram sebagai promosi pariwisata dan menggali dinamika komunikasi promosi pada akun Instagram @indtravel. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam membangun konten promosi sangat dipengaruhi oleh citra yang ingin ditampilkan. Akun @indtravel fokus pada destinasi branding dan customer sehingga konten regram ditujukan untuk menginspirasi audiens untuk berkunjung ke destinasi.
Spiritual Analysis of the Ability of Community Resilience to Post-earthquake Trauma in the ATC Temporary Shelter At Mpanau Village Sigi District
Authors: Januarista Afrina
Published: March 2021

Bencana dapat menyebabkan kerusakan, gangguan ekologis, hilangnya nyawa manusia, atau memburuknya derajat kesehatan. Trauma yang dialami oleh korban bencana membutuhkan dukungan spiritual untuk bangkit dari keterpurukan pasca bencana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis spiritual dengan kemampuan resiliensi masyarakat pasca trauma gempa bumi. Metode analisis data ini menggunakan Fisher’s Exact Test dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan April hingga Agustus di Huntara ATC Desa Mpanau. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 80 orang, diambil dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan kriteria berusia 17- 55 tahun, dapat membaca dan menulis, serta bertempat tinggal di Huntara ATC Desa Mpanau. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan ada hubungan antara spiritual dengan kemampuan resiliensi masyarakat pasca trauma gempa bumi di Huntara ATC Desa Mpanau.
Широкополосный квантовый генератор шума на основе управляемого интегрально-­оптического интерферометра
Authors: Петров В.М. , Шамрай А.В. , Ильичев И.В. , Агрузов П.М. , Лебедев В.В.
Published: March 2021

Впервые продемонстрирована работа квантового генератора шума в полосе не менее 4 ГГц и с превышением квантовых шумов над классическими на величину 12–13 дБ. Впервые основной элемент такого генератора – ​оптический светоделитель с электрически-­управляемым коэффициентом деления – ​выполнен в виде интегрально-­оптического интерферометра Маха-­Цендера на подложке из ниобата лития.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ МНОП-СТРУКТУР НА ОСНОВЕ LPCVD SIЗN4-СЛОЯ ДЛЯ RERAM
Authors: Орлов О.М. , Гриценко В.А. , Гисматулин А.А. , Мизгинов Д.С.
Published: March 2021

Рассматриваются перспективные направления развития памяти ReRAM. Нитрид кремния является перспективным резистивным переключающим слоем для мемристоров; проведено экспериментальное исследование изготовленных МНОП-структур (мемристоров) и переноса заряда в них в диапазоне температур 298-450 K.
ДОСТИЖЕНИЕ МНОГОУРОВНЕВОГО ПЕРЕКЛЮЧЕНИЯ В ЭЛЕМЕНТАХ РЕЗИСТИВНОЙ ПАМЯТИ НА ОСНОВЕ ОКСИДА ГАФНИЯ
Authors: Ковешников С.В. , Коротицкий В.И.
Published: March 2021

Проведены измерения и статистический анализ основных характеристик переключения ГГЖ-элементов резистивной памяти на основе оксида гафния. Показано, что сопротивление структуры в высокоомном состоянии может меняться в десять раз. В этом интервале достигнуты три стабильные промежуточные резистивные состояния.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ РЕЗИСТИВНОГО ПЕРЕКЛЮЧЕНИЯ НЕ ТРЕБУЮЩИХ ФОРМОВКИ НАНОКРИСТАЛЛИЧЕСКИХ ПЛЕНОК ОКСИДА ЦИНКА ДЛЯ НЕЙРОМОРФНЫХ СИСТЕМ ИСКУССТВЕННОГО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТА
Authors: Томинов Р.В. , Вакулов З.Е. , Авилов В.И. , Смирнов В.А. , Агеев О.А.
Published: March 2021

В работе исследовано влияние послеростового отжига на геометрические, структурные и электрофизические параметры нанокристаллических пленок ZnO, изготовленных методом импульсного лазерного осаждения. Получены режимы, при которых нанокристаллические пленки ZnO проявляют мемристорный эффект без электроформовки. Исследовано влияние управляющих параметров на мемристорный эффект в пленке ZnO. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы при изготовлении элементов микро- и наноэлектроники, в частности для создания элементов резистивной памяти на основе forming-free нанокристаллических пленок ZnO.
БЕЗРЕАКТИВНЫЕ МЕМРИСТОРНЫЕ ГЕНЕРАТОРЫ КАК СХЕМОТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ РЕШЕНИЯ ИСКУССТВЕННЫХ НЕЙРОННЫХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ
Authors: Ракитин В.В. , Русаков С.Г.
Published: March 2021

Обсуждаются проблемы построения различных типов генераторов на основе мемристоров. Безреактивные мемристорные генераторы сочетают простоту реализации с широкими функциональными возможностями. Показано наличие основных свойств нейронных элементов у базовых генераторных вариантов. Приведены результаты анализа поведения взаимосвязанных мемристорных генераторов, которые могут послужить основой построения современных моделей импульсных искусственных нейронов, кодирующих информацию двоичными потоками импульсов.
СВЕРХРАЗРЕШЕНИЕ ОПТИЧЕСКИХ ИЗОБРАЖЕНИЙ ЗА СЧЕТ ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ СТАТИСТИКИ ФОТОНОВ И ФИЛЬТРАЦИИ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННЫХ МОД
Authors: Катамадзе К.Г. , Бантыш Б.И. , Самойленко С.Р. , Богданов Ю.И. , Кулик С.П.
Published: March 2021

Исследован вопрос применения подходов статистического восстановления параметров квантовых состояний света к задаче построения изображений сверхвысокого разрешения. Проводится сравнительный анализ различных схем измерений, включающих фильтрацию пространственных мод и исследование статистики фотонов.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ТЕРМИЧЕСКИХ ЭФФЕКТОВ В HFO2 RRAM-СТРУКТУРАХ В ПРОЦЕССЕ RESET
Authors: Ганыкина Е.А. , Горнев Е.С. , Резванов А.А.
Published: March 2021

В настоящей работе исследуются образование и разрыв проводящего слоя вакансий в структуре Hf/HfO/TiN. Работа охватывает теоретическое рассмотрение термических эффектов, возникающих в данной структуре в процессе RESET. Проведен анализ образования и разрыва филамента в аморфном слое HfO2. Также рассмотрено внедрение слоя Al2O3 в структуру Hf/HfO2/TiN.
МЕТОДИКА ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ТЕСТОВЫХ ЯЧЕЕК ДЛЯ ВКЛЮЧЕНИЯ В MPW-ЗАПУСК
Authors: Харченко Е.Л. , Соколова Е.В.
Published: March 2021

Включение тестовых ячеек в состав MPW, в отличие от целого тестового запуска без серьезных ограничений по правилам проектирования, значительно экономит производственные ресурсы на этапе отработки новой технологии. В данной работе рассмотрен стандартный маршрут формирования тестовых структур. На его основе разработана методика генерации структур, разрешенных для включения в MPW-запуск.
ВЫСОКОЛИНЕЙНЫЙ СЕГМЕНТИРОВАННЫЙ 12-РАЗРЯДНЫЙ ЦИФРОАНАЛОГОВЫЙ ПРЕОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ДВОИЧНО-ВЗВЕШЕННЫХ КЛЮЧЕЙ
Authors: Кочетков Д.В. , Белоусов Е.О. , Моленкамп К.М. , Эннс А.В.
Published: March 2021

Разработан экспериментальный образец 12-разрядного цифроаналогового преобразователя с высокими показателями линейности. В качестве приемов для улучшения значений интегральной и дифференциальной нелинейности применялись сегментирование и использование двоично-взвешенных ключей.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ БАРЬЕРНЫХ СЛОЕВ ДЛЯ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ МЕДНЫХ КОНТАКТНЫХ ОКОН
Authors: Горохов С.А.
Published: March 2021

В работе исследуются возможные барьерные слои (Ti/TiN/Ti, Ti/TiN/Ta, TaN/Ta) для формирования контактных окон к транзисторным структурам из меди.
ЦИФРОВОЙ УМНОЖИТЕЛЬ ЧАСТОТЫ С ПОДАВЛЕНИЕМ ТЕМПЕРАТУРНЫХ ЭФФЕКТОВ ПЕРВОГО ПОРЯДКА ДЛЯ БАЗОВОГО МАТРИЧНОГО КРИСТАЛЛА НА БАЗЕ КНИ 90 НМ
Authors: Горчакова М.А. , Кочетков Д.В.
Published: March 2021

Данная работа посвящена разработке цифрового умножителя частоты, работающего от источника опорного напряжения с подавлением температурных эффектов и устойчивого к изменению напряжения на высокоскоростных технологиях с проектными нормами 90 нм для БМК.
МЕТОДЫ АВТОМАТИЗАЦИИ ОТДЕЛЬНЫХ ЭТАПОВ МАРШРУТА ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЯ БИБЛИОТЕК СТАНДАРТНЫХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ
Authors: Коротких С.А.
Published: March 2021

Развитие технологий открывает для индустрии новые возможности. Данная работа посвящена программному способу преобразования библиотеки стандартных элементов, позволяющему получить библиотеку с новыми характеристиками.