bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of hydrolyzation procedure for amino acid analysis in fish meat with HPLC-DAD by Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
Authors: Çankırılıgil Ekrem Cem , Berik Nermin , Erbay Esen Alp
Published: March 2020

In this research, with the aim of maximizing amino acid content by different hydrolization procedures of fish meat were carried out and analysed with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipped with diode array detector (DAD). Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to determine factors that used in the experiments. The RSM suggested 16 different hydrolization trials between the ranges of normality as 3 N - 8 N, temperature as 90°C-110°C and duration as 12-24 hours were run. In the following, hydrolysed samples were analysed with HPLC-DAD and obtained data were evaluated with Box-Behnken method in RSM. Our results show that, the most effective experiment was found as hydrolysing by 3.79 N at 110°C in 24 hours for total amino acid content as well as maximized essential amino acids with 0.981 desirability. For sensitive ones, hydrolysing in 3.42 N at 106.8°C in 12.02 hours was found as most effective with maximized Asn, Gln and Trp with 0.849 desirability.
Effect of different protein sources on protease activity of northern pike, Esox lucius Linneaus 1758, juvenile
Authors: GÖKÇEK Cemil Kaya , SZABÓ Tamás , SUZER Cüneyt
Published: March 2020

The aim of the study is to determine the inhibitory effect of different protein sources on protease activity of Northern pike, E. Lucius, during larval ontogeny. For this purpose, Northern pike were fed from yolk sac absorption until 21 days after hatching (DAH). At that point, larvae were sampled on 7, 14 and 21 DAH days and the activity of enzyme was analyzed in vitro. In the study, two different fish meal, chicken meal, krill meal, corn gluten, soybean protein concentrate, soybean meal and dried distillers grains with solubles were tested. Fish meal-I showed the lowest effect (7.53 %) on 7 DAH larvae. Moreover, chicken meal has the highest inhibitory effect on the proteases in the first week (68.27%). In the following period (DAH 14), although the inhibition ratio dramatically increased in all ingredients, fish meal-I has still the lowest effect on proteolytic activity (55.66%). In the same period, the highest effect was obtained from krill (82.28 %) and chicken meals (86.73 %), respectively. Then, there was no statistical difference between fish meal-I, fish meal-II and corn gluten in the 21 DAH and relatively lower than the others (p>0.05). Additionally, chicken meal again has the highest effect on juveniles with the ratio 89.27 %. As a result, the increase of proteolytic activity was notably increased in 7-14-21 DAH, however, it is concluded that feeding larvae and juveniles with live prey is still suggested to get better result for such a carnivorous species culture.
Effects of light, temperature, nutrients and salinity on the growth of Cylindrotheca closterium (Ehrenberg) Reimann & J. Lewin, 1964 species isolated from Izmir Bay
Authors: ÜSTÜN Merve Betül , BÜYÜKIŞIK Hasan Baha
Published: March 2020

Cylindrotheca closterium is one of the diatom species that is dominant particularly in spring and summer in Izmir Bay and Aegean Sea. In this study, growth kinetics of Cylindrotheca closterium have been studied under different temperature, light intensity, nutrient concentrations and salinity conditions. Initially, temperature-light experiments were carried out and optimum temperature is determined to be 18 0C for this species. Obtained results at 18 0C are µmax= 1.97±0.167 d-1 for the maximum specific growth rate and KI=0.048± 0.028 for the half saturation constant. Then, six light intensities (0.9, 0.88, 0.74, 0.46, 0.2, 0.07 *100 μmol photon/m2s) and seven salinity concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 ve 35 %0) were investigated on the growth rate of Cylindrotheca closterium under optimum temperature. The specific growth rate has been calculated to be 2.012 d-1 at 15 %0 salinity which is determined to be the optimum concentration. Exponential growth rates are obtained in semi-batch culture by measuring Chl a values and corresponded nutrient concentrations which are statistically valid (p<0,05) in regard to Monod equation (µ=µmax*S/KS+S) and µmax values, a parameter of Monod equation, are calculated for different concentrations of ammonium, nitrate, reactive phosphate and reactive silica are 2.48±0.61 d-1, 1.92 ±0.3 d-1, 2.1± 0.05 d-1 and 1.97± 0.20 d-1, respectively. KS values, which are another parameter of Monod equation, that are obtained for each nutrient are 17.84±14.4 μM NH4+-N, 27.3± 19.04 μM NO3--N, 0.25±0.04 μM PO4-P and 0.3±0.24 μM Si, respectively. As a result of global warming, temperature is expected to be risen 6 0C in 2100. The impacts of this increase on the growth rate of Cylindrotheca closterium species in Izmir Bay is calculated, considering this scenario. Nitrogen is determined to be the only restricting compound that inhibits growth during 52 weeks by a study that is conducted by Sunlu et al., (2007). Consequently, the growth rate of the species didn’t decline under 1.5 d-1 during this period of time.
Metal accumulation in some tissues of Meagre (Argyrosomus regius) exposed to copper and cadmium
Authors: ÖZEN Mehmet Rüştü , PAK Faruk
Published: March 2020

In this study, the metal accumulation of A. regius juveniles in muscle, liver and gill tissues was exposed to sublethal concentrations of cadmium and copper ions for 30 days. As the concentration of metal in the environment increased in the 30-day period, the accumulation of copper and cadmium in the tissues increased considerably and the difference was significant. The accumulation in both metals was mostly in the liver followed by gill and muscle tissue. This distinction between tissues in terms of metal deposition can be explained by the difference in the functions of tissues and organs.
Effective strategies that enhance the social impact of social sciences and humanities research
Authors: Aiello Emilia , Donovan Claire , Duque Elena , Fabrizio Serena , Flecha Ramon , Holm Poul , Molina Silvia , Oliver Esther , Reale Emanuela
Published: March 2020

Background

We are witnessing increasing demand from governments and society for all sciences to have relevant social impact and to show the returns they provide to society.

Aims and objectives

This paper reports strategies that promote social impact by Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH) research projects.

Methods

An in-depth analysis of six Social Sciences and Humanities research projects that achieved social impact was carried out to identify those strategies. For each case study, project documents were analysed and qualitative fieldwork was conducted with diverse agents, including researchers, stakeholders and end-users, with a communicative orientation.

Findings

The strategies that were identified as contributing to achieving social impact include a clear focus of the project on social impact and the definition of an active strategy for achieving it; a meaningful involvement of stakeholders and end-users throughout the project lifespan, including local organisations, underprivileged end-users, and policy makers who not only are recipients of knowledge generated by the research projects but participate in the co-creation of knowledge; coordination between projects’ and stakeholders’ activities; and dissemination activities that show useful evidence and are oriented toward creating space for public deliberation with a diverse public.

Discussion and conclusions

The strategies identified can enhance the social impact of Social Sciences and Humanities research. Furthermore, gathering related data, such as collaboration with stakeholders, use of projects’ findings and the effects of their implementation, could allow researchers to track the social impact of the projects and enhance the evaluation of research impact.
Cladding-pumped, Yb:YAG-core, fiber-like waveguide laser: modeling and experiment
Authors: Fromzel Viktor , Ter-Gabrielyan Nikolay , Dubinskii Mark
Published: March 2020

We developed a model describing the performance of the cladding-pumped, Yb:YAG-core, fiber-like waveguide laser with a large cladding-to-core area ratio. We analyzed how pump absorption and laser output efficiencies depend on the Yb-doping level as well as the waveguide parameters, such as clad-to-core area ratio and waveguide length. We also determined the conditions that maximize both pump and laser efficiency. We showed that, depending on the waveguide design, cavity parameters as well as the core temperature, this laser can operate either at 1030 or 1050 nm. We have also shown that the main factor limiting power scaling of such a waveguide laser is the core temperature. The model was validated by laser experiments with a 174 mm long, double-clad, Yb(20%):YAG-core waveguide, with the cladding-to-core area ratio of 43.4. An output power of 41.6 W and slope efficiency of 73% with respect to the absorbed pump power have been achieved with cladding pumping by a fiber-coupled laser diode module at 933 nm. Our experimental results were in a good agreement with the modeling predictions.
Stress mirror polishing for future large lightweight mirrors: design using shape optimization
Authors: Lemared Sabri , Ferrari Marc , Du Jeu Christian , Dufour Thibault , Soulier Nathalie , Hugot Emmanuel
Published: March 2020

This study proposes a new way to manufacture large lightweight aspherics for space telescopes using stress mirror polishing (SMP). This technique is well known to allow reaching high quality optical surfaces in a minimum time period, thanks to a spherical full-size polishing tool. To obtain the correct surface’s aspheric shape, it is necessary to define precisely the thickness distribution of the mirror to be deformed, according to the manufacturing parameters. We first introduce active optics and stress mirror polishing techniques, and then we describe the process to obtain the appropriate thickness mirror distribution, allowing to generate the required aspheric shape during polishing phase. Shape optimization procedure using PYTHON programing and NASTRAN optimization solver using finite element model (FEM) is developed and discussed in order to assist this process. The main result of this paper is the ability of the shape optimization process to support SMP technique to generate a peculiar aspherical shape from a spherical optical surface thanks to a thickness distribution reshaping. This paper is primarily focused on a theoretical framework with numerical simulations as the first step before the manufacturing of a demonstrator. This two-step approach was successfully used for previous projects.
Tunable multi-band terahertz absorber using a single-layer square graphene ring structure with T-shaped graphene strips
Authors: Xu Kai-Da , Li Jianxing , Zhang Anxue , Chen Qiang
Published: March 2020

We numerically demonstrate a tunable dual-band terahertz metamaterial absorber (MA) with near-unity absorption using single-layer square graphene ring structure with T-shaped graphene strips. By periodically loading four T-shaped graphene strips to the square graphene ring periodic array without additionally increasing the size of MA device, the pre-existing resonant frequency will have a red shift and simultaneously a new resonance will be generated at higher frequency for achieving a dual-band MA. The two absorption peaks can be tuned to the resonant frequencies of interest by varying the parameters of the square graphene ring and T-shaped graphene strips. The operating frequency of the absorption spectrum can be also manipulated by adjusting the chemical potential of graphene, without changing their geometric parameters. Additionally, numerical results show that the proposed MA possesses polarization-independent and incident-angle-insensitive properties. To further extend the proposed structure’s application with more absorption peaks, a tri-band MA is investigated through adding four more T-shaped graphene strips based on the dual-band absorber configuration. Therefore, our research work will be a good candidate for the design of various graphene-based tunable multi-band absorbers at different frequency regions with potential applications in optoelectronic devices and systems.
Hybrid refractive-diffractive axicons for Bessel-beam multiplexing and resolution improvement
Authors: Gorelick Sergey , Paganin David M. , Korneev Denis , de Marco Alex
Published: March 2020

Optical elements rely on refraction, diffraction, or reflection for light manipulation. Fusing diffractive and refractive functions in a single element provides an extra layer of control over the wave propagation, allowing complex beam shaping through self-aligned, monolithic and miniaturized optics. Using gray-scale lithography with high-current focused Xe ion-beams, we realized hybrid refractive-diffractive micro-axicons that feature diffractive gratings engraved on their conical surfaces. Furthermore, we fabricated these devices in lithium niobate, which is a challenging piezo/optoelectronic material for processing with an as-yet unexploited potential in optical applications. The curvilinear surfaces of fabricated micro-axicons with a 230-µm diameter were engraved with diffraction linear and circular gratings of various depths (<400 nm), and the optical performance of these components was characterized, showing excellent agreement with theoretical expectations. The fusing of diffractive elements with carrier refractive surfaces introduces additional or enhanced device functionalities, such as beam multiplexing and resolution improvement. The potential applications of such monolithic and miniaturized hybrid micro-optical components include beamshaping for fluorescence microscopy.
Spectrum estimation from truncated, non-linearly phase shifted or irregularly sampled interferograms
Authors: Kattnig Alain , Jaeck Julien , Gazzano Olivier , Primot Jerome
Published: March 2020

For performance or speed reasons, many types of spectrometers record only part of the interferogram thanks to its redundancy. Here we examine the consequences of this choice on the resulting spectrum. We jointly explore other sources of error also encountered on spectrometers, such as the irregular sampling of the interferometer and the non-linear phase of the spectrum. Then we revisit and improve the classical processing chain.
One pot synthesis of thick shell blue emitting CdZnS/ZnS quantum dots with narrow emission line width
Authors: Xu Bing , Zhang Tingting , Lin Xinru , Yang Huimin , Jin Xiao , Huang Zhen , Zhang Zhenghe , Li Dongyu , Li Qinghua
Published: March 2020

High quality blue emitting quantum dots (QDs) are regarded as promising nanomaterials for lasers, photovoltaic cells and displays. However, few reports realize high photoluminescence quantum yield (PL QY), narrow emission band width and pure blue emitting (450∼460 nm) simultaneously. Herein we propose a facile one-step synthesis of thick shell blue emitting CdZnS/ZnS QDs. ZnS shell was overcoated on the prepared cores by directly introducing zinc oleate/S TBP solution (zinc oleate powder and S dissolved in TBP) into mixture without any purification steps and the thickness of ZnS shell was controlled by adjusting the adding amount of zinc oleate/S TBP solution. The optimal QDs with ten monolayers of ZnS shell exhibit pure blue light (∼455 nm) with narrow line width (full width half maximum, FWHM 17.2 nm) and high photoluminescent quantum yield (QY) (92%). Due to the thick ZnS shell, nonradiative recombination of the QD solids is suppressed efficiently.
Layered perovskite with compact morphology and reduced grain size via vacuum assisted crystallization for luminescence applications
Authors: Swe Khine Zin , Naikaew Atittaya , Kaewurai Paphada , Pansa-Ngat Pimsuda , Sahasithiwat Somboon , Kangkaew Laongdao , Rugmai Supagorn , Soontaranon Siriwat , Kanjanaboos Pongsakorn
Published: March 2020

Perovskite materials have gained a lot of interest in LED application because of their excellent properties, such as direct band gap nature, high photoluminescence quantum efficiency (PLQE), high charge carrier mobility, pure color emission with small full width at half maximum, and low non-radiative recombination rate. In this work, we for the first time, developed a new protocol called vacuum assisted crystallization (VAC) for perovskite luminescence applications and optimized different parameters i.e. vacuum pressure, holding time, and annealing time. VAC is an after-deposition process applicable to control nanoscale domain structure and improve phase distribution for various deposition techniques, causing small grain size and dense formation beneficial for high luminescence. Large PLQE enhancement, smooth bright emission, high stability, and good surface morphology were obtained with VAC treatment.
Australia as a destination for Latin American doctoral candidates: Four personal reflections
Authors: Bendrups Dan , Diaz-Gasca Sebastian , Ortiz Gabriela Constanza Martinez , Sanchez Perla Guarneros , Mena-Maldonado Elisa
Published: March 2020

Universities are important drivers for transnational migration to Australia, especially for students who are economically mobile, or who might be seeking to convert a transitory study experience into a more permanent migratory one. The economic growth experienced in a number of Latin American countries in the twenty-first century introduced new cohorts of Latin American students into Australian tertiary education institutions, including some from countries that may have had minimal prior presence in Australia. This includes students working towards research degrees. This article presents the autoethnographic accounts of four doctoral candidates from Latin America studying in Australia. It considers their motivations for undertaking graduate research, and the factors that brought them to choose Australia as a study destination, and the benefits and challenges they have experienced in coming here. While the candidates are all from different research fields, their experiences reveal commonalities around three key themes: opportunity, safe exploration and the role of family in enabling decisions about transnational doctoral education.
Overseas students coordinating committees – the origins of student support in Australia?1
Authors: Kent Anna
Published: March 2020

Student support in contemporary educational settings is vastly different from what it was when international education became a visible presence on Australian campuses in the 1950s. At that time, community organizations, businesses and the government cooperated to provide support to students in Australia, with little support being offered formally through universities and colleges. These Co-ordinating Committees survived for decades, into the 1990s. It could be argued that these Co-ordinating Committees facilitated a community engagement in international education that has not continued as the number of students has multiplied. Using archival and other primary source documents, this article will look at the beginnings of the Australian Organisations’ Co-ordinating Committee for Overseas Students (AOCCOS), and other similar organizations. It will analyse how the Committees changed over the decades of their existence, and what role they played in influencing government policies.

The article will also investigate when and why these Committees ended, and what, if anything, has taken their place. The huge expansion of the international education sector, with more than half a million students now studying in Australia as international students, has impacted the quantity and quality of engagement with the Australian community for many of these students.

Finally, the article will look at efforts to engage the community in the support of, and engagement with, international students in Australia in a more contemporary setting. This includes support provided by institutions, community and sporting organizations and state government and municipal councils.
Important Unresolved Questions in the Management of Hepatic Encephalopathy: An ISHEN Consensus
Authors: Bajaj Jasmohan S. , Lauridsen Mette , Tapper Elliot B. , Duarte-Rojo Andres , Rahimi Robert S. , Tandon Puneeta , Shawcross Debbie L. , Thabut Dominique , Dhiman Radha K. , Romero-Gomez Manuel , Sharma Barjesh C. , Montagnese Sara
Published: March 2020

Management of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) remains challenging from a medical and psychosocial perspective. Members of the International Society for Hepatic Encephalopathy and Nitrogen Metabolism recognized 5 key unresolved questions in HE management focused on (i) driving, (ii) ammonia levels in clinical practice, (iii) testing strategies for covert or minimal HE, (iv) therapeutic options, and (v) nutrition and patient-reported outcomes. The consensus document addresses these topical issues with a succinct review of the literature and statements that critically evaluate the current science and practice, laying the groundwork for future investigations.
Extrahepatic Malignancy Among Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C After Antiviral Therapy: A Real-World Nationwide Study on Taiwanese Chronic Hepatitis C Cohort (T-COACH)
Authors: Huang Chung-Feng , Lai Hsueh-Chou , Chen Chi-Yi , Tseng Kuo-Chih , Kuo Hsing-Tao , Hung Chao-Hung , Wang Jing-Houng , Chen Jyh-Jou , Lee Pei-Lun , Chien Rong-Nan , Yang Chi-Chieh , Lo Gin-Ho , Tai Chi-Ming , Lin Chih-Wen , Kao Jia-Horng , Liu Chun-Jen , Liu Chen-Hua , Yan Sheng-Lei , Bair Ming-Jong , Lin Chun-Yen , Su Wei-Wen , Chu Cheng-Hsin , Chen Chih-Jen , Tung Shui-Yi , Lo Ching-Chu , Cheng Pin-Nan , Chiu Yen-Cheng , Wang Chia-Chi , Cheng Jin-Shiung , Tsai Wei-Lun , Lin Han-Chieh , Huang Yi-Hsiang , Yeh Ming-Lun , Huang Jee-Fu , Dai Chia-Yen , Chuang Wan-Long , Tsai Pei-Chien , Peng Cheng-Yuan , Yu Ming-Lung
Published: March 2020

INTRODUCTION:

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with nonhepatocellular carcinoma malignancies. We aimed to evaluate whether achieving a sustained virological response (SVR, defined as HCV RNA seronegativity throughout posttreatment 24-week follow-up) could reduce the risk of non–hepatocellular carcinoma malignancy in a real-world nationwide Taiwanese Chronic Hepatitis C Cohort (T-COACH).

METHODS:

A total of 10,714 patients with chronic hepatitis C who had received interferon-based therapy (8,186 SVR and 2,528 non-SVR) enrolled in T-COACH and were linked to the National Cancer Registry database for the development of 12 extrahepatic malignancies, including those with potential associations with HCV and with the top-ranking incidence in Taiwan, over a median follow-up period was 3.79 years (range, 0–16.44 years).

RESULTS:

During the 44,354 person-years of follow-up, 324 (3.02%) patients developed extrahepatic malignancies, without a difference between patients with and without SVR (annual incidence: 0.69% vs 0.87%, respectively). Compared with patients with SVR, patients without SVR had a significantly higher risk of gastric cancer (0.10% vs 0.03% per person-year, P = 0.004) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) (0.08% vs 0.03% per person-year, respectively, P = 0.03). When considering death as a competing risk, non-SVR was independently associated with gastric cancer (hazard ratio [HR]/95% confidence intervals [CIs]: 3.29/1.37–7.93, P = 0.008). When patients were stratified by age, the effect of SVR in reducing gastric cancer (HR/CI: 0.30/0.11–0.83) and NHL (HR/CI: 0.28/0.09–0.85) was noted only in patients aged <65 years but not those aged >65 years.

DISCUSSION:

HCV eradication reduced the risk of gastric cancer and NHL, in particular among younger patients, indicating that patients with chronic hepatitis C should be treated as early as possible.
Homologous Recombination Repair Truncations Predict Hypermutation in Microsatellite Stable Colorectal and Endometrial Tumors
Authors: Lee Minyi , Eng George , Barbari Stephanie R. , Deshpande Vikram , Shcherbakova Polina V. , Gala Manish K.
Published: March 2020

INTRODUCTION:

Somatic mutations in BRCA1/2 and other homologous recombination repair (HRR) genes have been associated with sensitivity to PARP inhibitors and/or platinum agents in several cancers, whereas hypermutant tumors caused by alterations in POLE or mismatch repair genes have demonstrated robust responses to immunotherapy. We investigated the relationship between somatic truncations in HRR genes and hypermutation in colorectal cancer (CRC) and endometrial cancer (EC).

METHODS:

We analyzed the mutational spectra associated with somatic BRCA1/2 truncations in multiple genomic cohorts (N = 2,335). From these results, we devised a classifier incorporating HRR genes to predict hypermutator status among microsatellite stable (MSS) tumors. Using additional genomic cohorts (N = 1,439) and functional in vivo assays, we tested the classifier to disambiguate POLE variants of unknown significance and identify MSS hypermutators without somatic POLE exonuclease domain mutations.

RESULTS:

Hypermutator phenotypes were prevalent among CRCs with somatic BRCA1/2 truncations (50/62, 80.6%) and ECs with such mutations (44/47, 93.6%). The classifier predicted MSS hypermutators with a cumulative true-positive rate of 100% in CRC and 98.0% in EC and a false-positive rate of 0.07% and 0.63%. Validated by signature analyses of tumor exomes and in vivo assays, the classifier accurately reassigned multiple POLE variants of unknown significance as pathogenic and identified MSS hypermutant samples without POLE exonuclease domain mutations.

DISCUSSION:

Somatic truncations in HRR can accurately fingerprint MSS hypermutators with or without known pathogenic exonuclease domain mutations in POLE and may serve as a low-cost biomarker for immunotherapy decisions in MSS CRC and EC.
Do charter schools receive their fair share of funding? School finance equity for charter and traditional public schools
Authors: Knight David S. , Toenjes Laurence A.
Published: March 2020

U.S. charter schools are publicly funded through state school finance formulas that often mirror the traditional public school finance systems. While charter school advocates and critics disagree over whether charters receive an equitable share of funding, few discussions are based on rigorous analyses of funding and expenditures. Most prior analyses, especially those presented in policy briefs or white papers, examine average funding differences without exploring underlying cost factors between the two sectors. Our purpose is to demonstrate how careful analysis of charter school funding with appropriate methodological approaches can shed light on disagreements about charter school finance policy. Using detailed school finance data from Texas as a case study, we find that after accounting for differences in accounting structures and cost factors, charter schools receive significantly more state and local funding compared to traditional public schools with similar structural characteristics and student demographics. However, many small charter schools are actually underfunded relative to their traditional public school counterparts. Policy simulations demonstrate that on average, each student who transfers to a charter school increases the cost to the state by $1,500. We discuss the implications of these findings for both school finance policy in Texas and nationally.
Are foreign language learners’ enjoyment and anxiety specific to the teacher? An investigation into the dynamics of learners’ classroom emotions
Authors: Dewaele Jean-Marc , Dewaele Livia
Published: March 2020

Previous research has considered fluctuations in students’ foreign language enjoyment (FLE) and foreign language classroom anxiety (FLCA) over months or years (Dewaele & MacIntyre, 2014, 2016). However, there has been no investigation of the effect of the teacher on these emotions at a single point in time. In this study, we investigate the question whether FL learners experience similar levels of FLE and FLCA in the same language if they have two different teachers. Participants were 40 London-based secondary school students studying modern languages with one Main Teacher and one Second Teacher. Statistical analysis revealed that while FLCA was constant with both teachers, FLE was significantly higher with the Main Teacher. Predictors of FLE such as attitudes towards the teacher, the teacher’s frequency of use of the target language in class and unpredictability were also significantly more positive for the Main Teacher. Item-level analysis revealed that the teacher creating a positive emotional atmosphere in class contributed to the higher FLE score. Items that reflected more stable personal and group characteristics varied less between the two teachers. The findings suggest that FLE is more teacher-dependent than FLCA, which is more stable across teachers.
On Cohesive Soil Damping Estimation by Free Vibration Method in Resonant Column Test
Authors: Facciorusso Johann , Madiai Claudia
Published: March 2020

Measurement of soil properties under cyclic and dynamic loading conditions is a critical task in the solution of most geotechnical earthquake engineering problems. The main dynamic properties of soils are usually expressed in terms of shear modulus and damping ratio that are generally obtained from laboratory tests. To date, the resonant column test is considered one of the most accurate ways to determine dynamic soil properties at low to medium-strain levels. Because it allows for investigation of a wide range of strain amplitudes, it is a valuable tool for characterizing the shear soil behavior for a large number of practical geotechnical problems. One of the approaches followed in estimating the damping ratio from the resonant column test is the free vibration method (also called logarithmic decrement or amplitude decay method). It consists of analyzing the time history of the damped free vibrations of the specimen once harmonic loading is cut off after reaching the resonant conditions. The soil damping ratio is determined measuring the logarithmic ratio of the amplitude of any two successive peaks of the system damped motion (logarithmic decrement). In this article, the influence on the damping ratio of the shear strain level, the plasticity index, the confining pressure, and the time interval between the peaks selected in calculating the logarithmic decrement is evaluated from the results of resonant column tests performed on 51 undisturbed isotropically consolidated fine-grained soil specimens.
Closure to “Discussion of ‘Verification of an Internal Close-Range Photogrammetry Approach for Volume Determination during Triaxial Testing’ by S. E. Salazar, L. D. Miramontes, A. Barnes, M. L. Bernhardt-Barry, and R. A. Coffman”
Authors: Salazar Sean E. , Miramontes Leah D. , Barnes Adam , Bernhardt-Barry Michelle L. , Coffman Richard A.
Published: March 2020

A detailed discussion of the technical manuscript entitled “Verification of an Internal Close-Range Photogrammetry Approach for Volume Determination during Triaxial Testing” was presented by Li and Li. The closure herein addresses the issues raised by the discussers and provides further clarification of the information provided in the original publication.
Phase equilibria in the SnBi2Te4MnBi2Te4 system and characterization of the Sn1-xMnxBi2Te4 solid solutions
Authors: Orujlu E.
Published: March 2020

The phase diagram of the SnBi2Te4-MnBi2Te4 system was established over the entire concentration range by means of differential thermal analysis and powder X-ray diffraction techniques. It was shown that the system is non-quasi-binary due to the incongruent melting character of SnBi2Te4 and MnBi2Te4 compounds, but it is stable below solidus. The formation of a continuous series of solid solutions with the tetradymite-like layered structure was observed. Due to ionic radius differences of Mn2+ and Sn2+, both unit cell parameters of solid solutions increase linearly with the increasing amount of Sn. Phase equilibria above the solidus curve cannot be completed until the SnTe-MnTe-Bi2Te3 system fully studied.
Use of microcoagulation effect to control water binding in a heterogeneous polymethylsiloxane/silica/water system
Authors: Turov V. V. , Gerashchenko I. I. , Krupskaya T. V. , Klymenko N. Yu. , Stepanuk K. O.
Published: March 2020

The binding of water in heterogeneous systems containing polymethylsiloxane (PMS) pyrogenic nanosilica (A-300) water and the surface-active substance decametoxin (DMT) was studied. Composite systems were created using metered mechanical loads. The low-temperature 1H NMR spectroscopy was used to measure the structural and thermodynamic parameters of bound water. It is shown that when filling PMS interparticle gaps with hydrocompaction, the interfacial energy of water in the interparticle gaps of hydrophobic PMS with the same hydration is twice as large as the interfacial energy of water in hydrophilic silica A-300. This is due to the smaller linear dimensions of the interparticle gaps in the ICP compared with the A-300. In the composite system, A-300/PMS/DMT/H2O, a non-additive growth of water binding energy is observed, which is likely due to the formation, under the influence of mechanical load in the presence of water, of microheterogeneous sites, consisting mainly of the hydrophobic and hydrophilic components (microcoagulation). Thus, using mechanical loads, you can control the adsorption properties of composite systems.
Thermoelectric device for contact cooling of the human eye
Authors: Anatychuk L. I. , Pasechnikova N. V. , Naumenko V. O. , Zadorozhnyi O. S. , Danyliuk S. L. , Havryliukйй M. V. , Tiumentsev V. A. , Kobylianskyi R. R.
Published: March 2020

The paper presents the results of the development of a thermoelectric device in the form of a monocular dressing for contact cooling of the human eye through the eyelids. The developed device allows controlled local contact cooling of the eye structures through the eyelids and is designed to treat the acute and chronic eye diseases, reduce intraocular pressure, and reduce pain and inflammatory processes of the eye. The design features of the device and its technical characteristics are presented.
Electron-beam recording of surface structures on As-S-Se chalcogenide thin films
Authors: Revutska L. , Shylenko O. , Stronski A. , Komanicky V. , Bilanych V.
Published: March 2020

The effect of electron beam irradiation on the amorphous chalcogenide film As38S36Se26 was studied. The formation of cones with a Gaussian profile on the surfaces of the films was found after local electron irradiation. Exposition dependent evolution of height surface nanostructures has been detected. The dependence of the height of surface nanostructures on the dose of irradiation is analyzed. Charge accumulation model into interaction region between the film and the electron beam was used to explain the electron-induced phenomena of the surface structure of amorphous As38S36Se26 films. Charges relaxation times, and electron beam penetration depth into film, and the initial and inverse doses are determined.
Modeling of stress-strain state of piping systems with erosion and corrosion wear
Authors: Doroshenko Ya. V. , Oliinyk A. P. , Karpash O. M.
Published: March 2020

The problems of modeling the stress-deformed state of erosion or corrosion-worn rectilinear sections and the ball-shaped bends of pipeline systems are proposed to solve in a cylindrical coordinate system. For this purpose, formulas of Christophell type II, non-zero components of the strain tensor and a system of equilibrium equations in the framework of linear torsional theory are given. The system of equilibrium equations is reduced to one equation, which is the basic equation of the Lame’s problem. Formulas for the calculation of ring stresses that occur in the wall of erosion or corrosion worn rectilinear sections, and the removal of pipelines from the action of internal pressure are derived. The influence of the change in the wall thickness of the pipeline bends in the place of their erosion or corrosion wear on the amount of ring stresses is determined.
Accumulation charge mechanisms in electrochemical systems formed based on activated carbon and manganese oxide
Authors: Ostafiychuk B. K. , Kolkovskyi M. I. , Rachiy B. I. , Kolkovskyi P. I. , Ivanichok N. Ya. , Ilnitsky R. V.
Published: March 2020

In this work, the porous structure of the carbon material and the crystalline structure of manganese oxide α - modification (α - MnO2) have been investigated. The electrochemical performance of symmetric and asymmetric supercapacitors (α - MnO2 / Activated carbon) was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic cycling methods. The processes occur mainly at the electrode – electrolyte interface have been analyzed. It was determined that at discharge currents of 0.5 - 5 mA, the specific capacitance value for the α - MnO2 / Activated carbon hybrid capacitor exceeds the value of the symmetric capacitor by 45 - 55 % under the same conditions.
Simulation the spectral dependence of the transmittance for semiconductor thin films
Authors: Il'chuk H. , Kashuba A. , Petrus R. , Semkiv I. , Ukrainets N.
Published: March 2020

The spectral dependence of the transmittance as a function of the film thickness, the refractive index of the substrate, bandgap and the Cauchy parameters (α and β) of the semiconductor material was determined from condition of interference extremes. The absorption coefficient was simulated for the structure – thin film/substrate. Cadmium chalcogenides (CdTe, CdSe, and CdS) deposited on quartz substrates was selected as model samples. Experimental behavior of substrate transmittance was used to determine its refractive index. The theoretical results are compared with the experimental data and shows good agreement.
The First Principle Approach in Estimating Bulk Modulus Based on Explicit Expression of Canonical Partition Function
Authors: Mangelli H. , Vafaeei M. , Mansoori Oghaz N. , Haghighi B.
Published: March 2020

The bulk modulus is one of the most important characteristic features of solids. Accordingly, we have developed a statistical-mechanical treatment based on an equation which enables us to calculate the bulk modulus for solids with the minimum manifold of input data. In our model, a conjunction between Gruneisen parameter and canonical partition function has been established. We have found out that the volume dependency of Gruneisen parameter is critical in estimating bulk modulus. The result for hexagonal closed- packed (hcp) iron is very good and commensurate with the best measurements. This framework can be extended to the other elemental solids or a variety of compounds.
Influence of laser radiation on optical properties of high resistivity crystals CdTe and solid solutions Cd1-xZnxTe
Authors: Gentsar P. O. , Levytskyi S. M.
Published: March 2020

In this paper, the transmission and reflection spectra of single crystals р-CdTe(111) are measured; solid solutions of Cd1-хZnхTe (х=0.1) in the range (0.2 – 1.7)·10-6 m before and after laser irradiation at the wavelength λ = 532 nm in the energy range 66 - 164 mJ/cm2 for CdTe(111) and in the energy range 46.6 mJ/cm2 - 163.5 mJ/cm2 for Cd1-хZnxTe (x = 0.1). It is established that the main mechanism of influence of pulsed laser irradiation on the optical properties of thin surface layers of the investigated crystals is structural gettering, that is, the absorption due to the presence of sections of semiconductors that have a defective structure and have the ability to actively absorb defects and points.
Understanding the Energy Requirements for Microwave Weed and Soil Treatment
Authors: Graham Brodie  , Muhammad Jamal Khan  , Dorin Gupta  , Sally Foletta  , Natalie Bootes
Published: March 2020

Crop yield gaps, due to abiotic and biotic stresses undermine efforts to secure food for the world. Weeds are a significant biotic stress in cropping systems and can reduce productivity by 35 % to 55 % in some cases. Herbicide resistance is a compounding effect to control weeds. Non-chemical methods are being considered, especially thermal treatments, which are compatible with zero-till systems. Microwave weed and soil treatment has been shown to control weeds, weed seeds and pathogens in cropping systems. This paper explores the thermal efficiency of several thermal weed control systems, with an emphasis on microwave systems.
A Deep Choice Model for Hiring Outcome Prediction in Online Labor Markets
Authors: Ma Yixuan , Zhang Zhenji , Ihler Alexander
Published: March 2020

A key challenge faced by online labor market researchers and practitioners is to understand how employers make hiring decisions from many job bidders with distinct attributes. This study investigates employer hiring behavior in one of the largest online labor markets by building a datadriven hiring decision prediction model. With the limitation of traditional discrete choice model (conditional logit model), we develop a novel deep choice model to simulate the hiring behavior from 722,339 job posts. The deep choice model extends the classical conditional logit model by learning a non-linear utility function identically for each bidder within of the job posts via a pointwise convolutional neural network. This non-linear mapping can be straightforwardly optimized using stochastic gradient approach. We test the model on 12 categories of job posts in the dataset. Results show that our deep choice model outperforms the linear-utility conditional logit model in predicting hiring preferences. By analyzing the model using dimensionality reduction and sensitivity analysis, we highlight the nonlinear combination of bidders’ features in impacting employers’ hiring decisions.
Smart City: Concepts and two Relevant Components
Authors: Visan Maria M , Ciurea Cristian
Published: March 2020

In the last 30 years, the Smart City (SC) definitions have changed, they expressed different meanings by different people, but still no universally accepted definition, yet. The paper aims to summarize the existing relevant definitions to and propose a concept for characterizing the smartness of a city through intelligent planning and monitoring, guided by actionable information that underpins computer-assisted decisions and institutional digital transformation. As a practical approach, the SC concept is promoted by two components namely: spatial urban territorial planning and cultural heritage via virtual exhibitions. The article highlights the schematic diagram of cross-sectoral interactions between different stakeholders grouped by roles, and the expected impact for these interactions, a proposed functional system architecture for cultural heritage digital transformation and concrete steps for virtual exhibitions implementation.
Perícia Papiloscópica: Métodos Espectrométricos e Espectroscópicos Aplicados à Análise Química de Impressões Digitais
Authors: Kristiane de Cássia Mariotti
Published: March 2020

Um dos principais objetivos das ciências forenses é a coleta de evidências válidas em uma cena de crime com máxima objetividade e confiabilidade para apoiar o processo judicial. Nesse sentido, as impressões digitais contribuem de forma decisiva para a matéria criminal, trazendo informações acerca da presença de alguém em uma cena de crime, estando dentre os vestígios mais comumente utilizados mundialmente na área forense. Com os avanços da instrumentação analítica, as impressões digitais, para além de serem evidências físicas de grande relevância, foram alçadas a verdadeiras fontes de inteligência química, capazes de revelar informações forenses adicionais acerca de um indivíduo. A presente revisão aborda o tema da análise de substâncias em impressões digitais, trazendo estudos recentes descritos na literatura científica. Observa-se que há um interesse crescente sobre a investigação do conteúdo químico endógeno e exógeno desses vestígios. Métodos espectroscópicos e espectrométricos têm sido aplicados e desenvolvidos para a detecção da presença de drogas de abuso, medicamentos, explosivos e resíduos de preservativos, dentre outros. Compostos endógenos têm revelado dados acerca do estilo de vida e hábitos do indivíduo. Análises de lipídeos, proteínas e outros componentes da secreção formadora da impressão papilar, têm sido utilizadas para avaliar o envelhecimento do vestígio, bem como diferenciar impressões digitais de adultos de crianças. Os crescentes avanços analíticos na perícia papiloscópica deixam claro que o estudo e a análise química de resíduos de impressões digitais são uma fonte promissora de inteligência forense, podendo ter um impacto profundo para um sistema de justiça criminal mais eficiente.
A caatinga cantada: uma proposta de metodologia de ensino para a construção de conceitos da zoologia
Authors: Lourenço Camila Oliveira , Augusto Luiza Helena , Alvarenga Ingrid Marciano , Bulhões Larissa Figueiredo Salmen Seixlack , Nascimento Junior Antonio Fernandes
Published: March 2020

A configuração de um espaço que promova a qualidade no processo de ensino-aprendizagem está aliada a formação de professores e esta deve ser trabalhada e discutida de maneira efetiva. Nesta perspectiva, este trabalho tem por objetivo promover a construção de conhecimentos acerca dos conteúdos da zoologia na formação inicial e continuada de professores, dialogando com o filme “Vidas Secas, de Nelson Pereira dos Santos e outros recursos pedagógicos, como a música, imagem e pintura. A atividade foi realizada no Museu de História Natural (MHN), da Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA) com bolsistas do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID- Biologia), em formação inicial, e com as professoras supervisoras do programa, em formação contininuada. Após este momento, realizou-se uma avaliação escrita com os participantes. As falas foram reescritas e analisadas utilizando a análise de conteúdo, derivada da pesquisa qualitativa. A partir da análise pode-se perceber que os recursos utilizados foram importantes na construção de conhecimentos acerca do tema zoologia. Além disso, os participantes identificaram novas formas de trabalhar os assuntos e conteúdos discutidos durante a atividade e perceberam o filme como estratégia contextualizadora.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Recursos pedagógicos. Ensino de Zoologia. Formação Inicial e Continuada de professores.
O ensino da ecologia em diálogo com a cultura afro-brasileira na formação inicial de professores de ciências e biologia: uma análise da disciplina de metodologia de ensino em ecologia
Authors: Rezende Bruna e Mayrinck de Freitas , Sousa Isabela Alberico , Souza Ellen Gonzaga Lima , Nascimento Junior Antonio Fernandes
Published: March 2020

A cultura afro-brasileira sempre foi muito desvalorizada no processo de formação do Brasil e do povo brasileiro. Foi nessa perspectiva que a disciplina de Metodologia do Ensino em Ecologia da Universidade Federal de Lavras trouxe a proposta de se trabalhar os conteúdos de Ecologia em diálogo com a cultura afro-brasileira. Essa visava que os licenciandos conhecessem, reconhecessem e valorizassem essa cultura. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar se os alunos conseguiram estabelecer um diálogo entre a cultura afro-brasileira e o ensino em ecologia e como o fizeram. Para essa análise foi utilizado o método qualitativo, e dentro deste a análise de conteúdo com a categorização. Com essa análise percebemos a importância dessa temática na formação de professores, para que esses possam levar para as salas de aula um ensino contextualizado e transversal, que reconheça a contribuição desse povo para essa sociedade plural brasileira.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Cultura Afro-brasileira. Formação inicial de professores. Ciências e Biologia.