bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How to circumvent untoward drug crystallization during emulsion‐templated microencapsulation process
Authors: Kim Yuyoung , Sah Hongkee
Published: May 2016

Unwanted drug crystals often form on the surface of PLGA microspheres or in an aqueous phase when a hydrophobic drug undergoes emulsion‐templated microencapsulation processes. In our study, over 70% of progesterone crystallizes in the aqueous phase when microencapsulation proceeds with a typical oil‐in‐water solvent evaporation process. During filtration employed for microsphere recovery, unentrapped drug crystals are collected alongside with progesterone‐containing microspheres. This phenomenon accompanies unfavorable consequences on the microsphere quality. In contrast, when microspheres are prepared with a new solvent extraction‐evaporation hybrid process, it is possible to completely avoid drug crystallization. Consequently, the new microencapsulation technique yields high drug encapsulation efficiencies of ≥ 90.8%, and the resultant microspheres show a homogeneous size distribution pattern. Also, the microsphere surface is free of drug crystals. For loading hydrophobic drugs into PLGA microspheres, the new microencapsulation process reported in this study has distinct advantages over commonly used emulsion‐templated solvent evaporation processes. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43768.
Morphology and thermal properties of recycled polyacrylonitrile fiber blends with poly(ethylene terephthalate): Microstructural characterization
Authors: Adegbola Taoreed Adesola , Rotimi Sadiku E. , Suprakas Sinha Ray
Published: May 2016

The compounding of rPAN/PET [polyacrylonitrile/poly(ethylene terephthalate]; 30/70, 50/50, and 70/30 wt %) using a melt‐blending technique was the main focus of this investigation. An X‐ray diffraction study indicated the possibility of interphase boundary interactions between the polymer matrices in the blends. The differential scanning calorimetry results showed that varying the ratios of rPAN in the blends marginally improved the processing temperature of PET. The thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the addition of PET up to 70% increased the thermal stability of the blend, and adding more than 70% of PET resulted in poor adhesion between the matrix and phase. On the basis of the results obtained, we propose a general understanding of how the morphology and the mechanical and thermal properties of the blend could assist in the development of rPAN blends with PET, rather than disposing of the viable materials as wastes. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43777.
A multiplex microsatellite tool for conservation genetics of the endemic limpet Patella candei in the Macaronesian archipelagos
Authors: Faria João , Pita Alfonso , Rivas Manuel , Martins Gustavo M. , Hawkins Stephen J. , Ribeiro Pedro , Neto Ana I. , Presa Pablo
Published: May 2016

The intertidal limpet Patella candei represents an important exploited resource in the Macaronesian archipelagos of Azores, Madeira and Canaries (NE Atlantic). Despite being considered endemic, the taxonomic status of P. candei throughout the region remains unclear.

The aim of this study was to develop novel microsatellite markers using next generation sequencing for the limpet P. candei.

Twelve novel loci were described and amplified in 103 individuals from two populations (Azores and Madeira) using three multiplex reactions. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 14 and global observed heterozygosity was 0.417. Genetic differentiation between samples was highly significant (FST = 0.427) as two main gene pools (K = 2) were identified using Bayesian approaches.

The present genetic tool can be useful to establish the genetic structuring and patterns of connectivity of P. candei in Macaronesia as well as to determine the number of extant subspecies within the P. candei species complex. Such data will provide a fundamental asset to define stocks and thus inform specific conservation strategies that foster the sustainable exploitation of the P. candei complex throughout Macaronesia archipelagos.

Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gravitational lensing size scales for quasars
Authors: Chartas G. , Rhea C. , Kochanek C. , Dai X. , Morgan C. , Blackburne J. , Chen B. , Mosquera A. , MacLeod C.
Published: May 2016

We review results from our monitoring observations of several lensed quasars performed in the optical, UV, and X‐ray bands. Modeling of the multi‐wavelength light curves provides constraints on the extent of the optical, UV, and X‐ray emission regions. One of the important results of our analysis is that the optical sizes as inferred from the microlensing analysis are significantly larger than those predicted by the theoretical‐thin‐disk estimate. In a few cases we also constrain the slope of the size‐wavelength relation. Our size constraints of the soft and hard X‐ray emission regions of quasars indicate that in some objects of our sample the hard X‐ray emission region is more compact than the soft and in others the soft emission region is smaller. This difference may be the result of the relative strengths of the disk‐reflected (harder and extended) versus corona‐direct (softer and compact) components in the quasars of our sample. Finally, we present the analysis of several strong microlensing events where we detect an evolution of the relativistic Fe line profile as the magnification caustic traverses the accretion disk. These caustic crossings are used to provide constraints on the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) radius and the accretion disk inclination angle of the black hole in quasar RX J1131–1231. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Fast ionized X‐ray absorbers in AGNs
Authors: Fukumura K. , Tombesi F. , Kazanas D. , Shrader C. , Behar E. , Contopoulos I.
Published: May 2016

We investigate the physics of the X‐ray ionized absorbers often identified as warm absorbers (WAs) and ultra‐fast outflows (UFOs) in Seyfert AGNs from spectroscopic studies in the context of magnetically‐driven accretion‐disk wind scenario. Launched and accelerated by the action of a global magnetic field anchored to an underlying accretion disk around a black hole, outflowing plasma is irradiated and ionized by an AGN radiation field characterized by its spectral energy density (SED). By numerically solving the Grad‐Shafranov equation in the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) framework, the physical property of the magnetized disk‐wind is determined by a wind parameter set, which is then incorporated into radiative transfer calculations with xstar photoionization code under heating‐cooling equilibrium state to compute the absorber's properties such as column density NH, line‐of‐sight (LoS) velocity v, ionization parameter ς, among others. Assuming that the wind density scales as n ∝ r–1, we calculate theoretical absorption measure distribution (AMD) for various ions seen in AGNs as well as line spectra especially for the Fe Kα absorption feature by focusing on a bright quasar PG 1211+143 as a case study and show the model's plausibility. In this note we demonstrate that the proposed MHD‐driven disk‐wind scenario is not only consistent with the observed X‐ray data, but also help better constrain the underlying nature of the AGN environment in a close proximity to a central engine. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Variabiity of the X‐ray broad iron spectral features in active galactic nuclei and black‐hole binaries
Authors: Mizumoto M. , Ebisawa K. , Tsujimoto M. , Inoue H.
Published: May 2016

The “broad iron spectral features” are often seen in X‐ray spectra of active galactic nuclei (AGN) and black‐hole binaries (BHB). These features may be explained either by the “relativistic disc reflection” scenario or the “partial covering” scenario: It is hardly possible to determine which model is valid from time‐averaged spectral analysis. Thus, X‐ray spectral variability has been investigated to constrain spectral models. To that end, it is crucial to study iron structure of BHBs in detail at short time‐scales, which is, for the first time, made possible with the Parallel‐sum clocking (P‐sum) mode of XIS detectors on board of Suzaku. This observational mode has a time‐resolution of 7.8 ms as well as a CCD energyresolution. We have carried out systematic calibration of the P‐sum mode, and investigated spectral variability of the BHB GRS 1915+105. Consequently, we found that the spectral variability of GRS 1915+105 does not show iron features at sub‐seconds. This is totally different from variability of AGN such as 1H0707–495, where the variation amplitude significantly drops at the iron K‐energy band. This difference can be naturally explained in the framework of the “partial covering” scenario. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
ULX behaviour: The ultraluminous state, winds and interesting anomalies
Authors: Roberts T. P. , Middleton M. J. , Sutton A. D. , Mezcua M. , Walton D. J. , Heil L. M.
Published: May 2016

Recent evidence – in particular the hard X‐ray spectra obtained by NuSTAR, and the large amplitude hard X‐ray variability observed when ULXs show soft spectra ‐ reveals that common ultraluminous X‐ray source (ULX) behaviour is inconsistent with known sub‐Eddington accretion modes, as would be expected for an intermediate‐mass black hole (IMBH). Instead, it appears that the majority of ULXs are powered by super‐Eddington accretion onto stellar‐mass black holes. Here, we will review work that delves deeper into ULX spectral‐timing behaviour, demonstrating it remains consistent with the expectations of super‐Eddington accretion. One critical missing piece from this picture is the direct detection of the massive, radiatively‐driven winds expected from ULXs as atomic emission/absorption line features in ULX spectra; we will show it is very likely these have already been detected as residuals in the soft X‐ray spectra of ULXs. Finally, we will discuss ULXs that do not appear to conform to the emerging ULX behaviour patterns. In particular we discuss the implications of the identification of a good IMBH candidate as a background QSO; and the confirmation of an IMBH/ULX candidate in the galaxy NGC 2276 via the radio/X‐ray fundamental plane. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
High‐energy monitoring of Seyfert galaxies: The case of NGC 4593
Authors: Ursini F. , Petrucci P.‐O. , Matt G. , Bianchi S. , Cappi M. , De Marco B. , De Rosa A. , Malzac J. , Ponti G.
Published: May 2016

We discuss preliminary results from a joint XMM‐Newton and NuSTAR monitoring program on the active galactic nucleus NGC 4593, consisting of 5×20 ks observations, spaced by two days, performed in January 2015. The source is found to be variable, both in flux and spectral shape, on time scales as short as a few ks. The spectrum clearly softens when the source brightens. A simple timing analysis suggests the presence of a variable soft excess that correlates with the primary continuum. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Profiling of Coumarins in Peucedanum palustre (L.) Moench Populations Growing in Finland
Authors: Yrjönen Teijo , Eeva Manu , Kauppila Tiina J. , Martiskainen Olli , Summanen Jari , Vuorela Pia , Vuorela Heikki
Published: May 2016

The coumarin composition of Peucedanum palustre (L.) Moench populations growing in Finland was investigated. A total of 132 flowering P. palustre specimens from 43 locations in southern and central Finland were collected, divided into root, stem, leaf, and umbel samples, and analyzed by HPLC. HPLC coupled to high‐resolution mass spectrometry was used to aid the identification of coumarins. A total of 13 coumarin‐structured compounds were quantitatively analyzed from the samples. The coumarin profile of root samples was found to differ from the aerial plant parts. The main coumarins in roots were oxypeucedanin and columbianadin. In aerial parts, peulustrin isomers were the most abundant coumarin components. Umbels and leaves also contained a considerable amount of umbelliprenin, which was only found in traces in roots. Based on hierarchical cluster analysis of the coumarin profiles, some populations shared common characteristics. The most distinct property connecting certain populations was their high peulustrin content. Another notable common property between some populations was the high umbelliprenin content in aerial plant parts. Some populations were clustered together due to their low overall coumarin content.
Compositae Plants Differed in Leaf Cuticular Waxes between High and Low Altitudes
Authors: Guo Na , Gao Jianhua , He Yuji , Guo Yanjun
Published: May 2016

We sampled eight Compositae species at high altitude (3482 m) and seven species at low altitude (220 m), analyzed the chemical compositions and contents of leaf cuticular wax, and calculated the values of average chain length (ACL), carbon preference index (CPI), dispersion (d), dispersion/weighted mean chain length (d/N), and C31/(C31 + C29) (Norm31). The amounts of total wax and compositions were significantly higher at high altitude than at low altitude, except for primary alcohol, secondary alcohol, and ketone. The main n‐alkanes in most samples were C31, C29, and C33. Low altitude had more C31 and C33, whereas more C29 occurred at high altitude. The ACL, CPI, d, d/N, and Norma 31 were higher at low altitude than at high altitude. The fatty acid and primary alcohol at low altitude contained more C26 homologous than at high altitude. More short‐chain primary alcohols were observed at high altitude. At low altitude, the primary alcohol gave on average the largest amount, while it was n‐alkane at high altitude. These results indicated that the variations of leaf cuticular waxes benefited Compositae plants to adapt to various environmental stresses and enlarge their distribution.
Influence of Cultivation Parameters on the Mineral Composition of Kiwi Fruit from Corsica
Authors: Santoni François , Barboni Toussaint , Paolini Julien , Costa Jean
Published: May 2016

The effect of four cultivation parameters (postmaturity harvest date, storage period at 0 °C, and input of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers) on the mineral composition of kiwi fruit (Actinidia deliciosa var. Hayward) from Corsica were evaluated. The kiwi fruit were harvested on three dates at two‐week intervals and some fruit were stored for three and four months. The kiwi fruit orchard was fertilized with controlled levels of nitrogen (five levels) and potassium (three levels) during one growing season. The concentrations of 67 elements in kiwi fruit were measured using various analytical methods, such as flow injection spectrophotometry, flame atomic absorption spectrometry, flame atomic emission spectrometry, electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and filtration. The main elements in kiwi fruit are K, N, Cl, P, and Si and, to a lesser amount, Ca, Mg, Na, and Fe. This study demonstrates a high degree of difference in the amount of 23 mineral elements depending on the harvest date, the time of storage, and the input of fertilizers.
Oxygen‐Dependent Photocatalytic Water Reduction with a Ruthenium(imidazolium) Chromophore and a Cobaloxime Catalyst
Authors: Petermann Lydia , Staehle Robert , Pfeifer Maxim , Reichardt Christian , Sorsche Dieter , Wächtler Maria , Popp Jürgen , Dietzek Benjamin , Rau Sven
Published: May 2016

Detailed investigations of a photocatalytic system capable of producing hydrogen under pre‐catalytic aerobic conditions are reported. This system consists of the NHC precursor chromophore [Ru(tbbpy)2(RR′ip)][PF6]3 (abbreviated as Ru(RR′ip)[PF6]3; tbbpy=4,4′‐di‐tert‐butyl‐2,2′‐bipyridine, RR′ip=1,3‐disubstituted‐1H‐imidazo[4,5‐f][1,10]phenanthrolinium), the reduction catalyst Co(dmgH)2 (dmgH=dimethylglyoximato), and the electron donor ascorbic acid (AA). Screening studies with respect to solvent, cobaloxime catalyst, electron donor, pH, and concentrations of the individual components yielded optimized photocatalytic conditions. The system shows high activity based on Ru, with turnover numbers up to 2000 under oxygen‐free and pre‐catalytic aerobic conditions. The turnover frequency in the latter case was even higher than that for the oxygen‐free catalyst system. The Ru complexes show high photostability and their first excited state is primarily located on the RR′ip ligand. X‐ray crystallographic analysis of the rigid cyclophane‐type ligand dd(ip)2(Br)2 (dd(ip)2=1,1′,3,3′‐bis(2,3,5,6‐tetramethyl‐1,4‐phenylene)bis(methylene)bis(1H‐imidazo[4,5‐f][1,10]phenanthrolinium)) and the catalytic activity of its Ru complex [{(tbbpy)2Ru}2(μ‐dd(ip)2)][PF6]6 (abbreviated as Ru2(dd(ip)2)[PF6]6) suggest an intermolecular catalytic cycle.
Mechano‐Responsive, Thermo‐Reversible, Luminescent Organogels Derived from a Long‐Chained, Naturally Occurring Fatty Acid
Authors: Zhang Mohan , Weiss Richard G.
Published: May 2016

The gelating ability of an α‐diketo derivative of oleic acid, 9,10‐dioxooctadecanoic acid (DODA), is investigated. DODA can gelate aromatic liquids and many other organic liquids. By contrast, none of the liquids examined can be gelated by the methyl ester of DODA. DODA is a more efficient gelator than stearic acid and the monoketo derivative due to its more extensive intermolecular dipole–dipole interactions. Formation of organogels of DODA can be induced by both thermal and mechanical stimuli, during which the luminescent and mechanical properties can be modulated significantly. The emission from DODA in 1‐octanol exhibits a large, reversible, hypsochromic shift (≈25 nm) between its thermally cycled gel and sol states. The emission changes have been exploited to probe the kinetics of the aggregation and deaggregation processes. DODA is the simplest gelator of which we are aware that exhibits a reversible shift in the emission. Although the self‐assembled fibrillar networks of the DODA gels in 1‐octanol, benzonitrile, or silicone oil are crystalline, isothermal mechanical cycling between the gel and the sol states is rapid and can be repeated several times (i.e., they are thixotropic). The single‐crystal structure of DODA indicates that extended intermolecular dipole–dipole interactions are crucial to the thermal and mechanical formation of DODA gels and the consequential changes in emissive and mechanical properties. From analyses of structural information, gelator packing, and morphology differences, we hypothesize that the mechanical destruction and reformation of the gel networks involves interconversion between the 3D networks and 1D fiber bundles. The thermal processes allow the fibrillar 3D networks and their 0D components (i.e., isolated molecules or small aggregates of DODA) to be interconverted. These results describe a facile approach to the design of mechano‐responsive, thermo‐reversible gels with control over their emission wavelengths.
Alkali‐Metal‐Ion‐Functionalized Graphene Oxide as a Superior Anode Material for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wan Fang , Li Yu‐Han , Liu Dai‐Huo , Guo Jin‐Zhi , Sun Hai‐Zhu , Zhang Jing‐Ping , Wu Xing‐Long
Published: May 2016

Although graphene oxide (GO) has large interlayer spacing, it is still inappropriate to use it as an anode for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) because of the existence of H‐bonding between the layers and ultralow electrical conductivity which impedes the Na+ and e− transformation. To solve these issues, chemical, thermal, and electrochemical procedures are traditionally employed to reduce GO nanosheets. However, these strategies are still unscalable, consume high amounts of energy, and are expensive for practical application. Here, for the first time, we describe the superior Na storage of unreduced GO by a simple and scalable alkali‐metal‐ion (Li+, Na+, K+)‐functionalized process. The various alkali metals ions, connecting with the oxygen on GO, have played different effects on morphology, porosity, degree of disorder, and electrical conductivity, which are crucial for Na‐storage capabilities. Electrochemical tests demonstrated that sodium‐ion‐functionalized GO (GNa) has shown outstanding Na‐storage performance in terms of excellent rate capability and long‐term cycle life (110 mAh g−1 after 600 cycles at 1 A g−1) owing to its high BET area, appropriate mesopore, high degree of disorder, and improved electrical conductivity. Theoretical calculations were performed using the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) to further study the Na‐storage capabilities of functionalized GO. These calculations have indicated that the Na−O bond has the lowest binding energy, which is beneficial to insertion/extraction of the sodium ion, hence the GNa has shown the best Na‐storage properties among all comparatives functionalized by other alkali metal ions.
Syntheses of 5′‐Nucleoside Monophosphate Derivatives with Unique Aminal, Hemiaminal, and Hemithioaminal Functionalities: A New Class of 5′‐Peptidyl Nucleotides
Authors: De Swarup , Groaz Elisabetta , Margamuljana Lia , Herdewijn Piet
Published: May 2016

A number of synthetically useful transformations have been developed to generate novel 5′‐peptidyl nucleoside monophosphate analogues that incorporate sensitive phosphoaminal, ‐hemiaminal or ‐hemithioaminal functionalities. The strategies adopted entailed the coupling between dipeptides, which enclose a reactive Cα‐functionalized glycine residue and phosphate or phosphorothioate moieties. These developments led to potentially powerful and general methodologies for the preparation of α‐phosphorylated pseudopeptides as well as nucleoside monophosphate mimics. The resulting conjugates are of interest for a variety of important applications, which range from drug development to synthetic biology, as pronucleotides or artificial building blocks for the enzymatic synthesis of xenobiotic information systems. The potential of all dipeptide‐TMP conjugates as pyrophosphate mimics in the DNA polymerization reaction was tested, and the influence of the nature of the linker was evaluated by in vitro chain elongation assay in the presence of wild‐type microbial DNA polymerases.
Ruthenocene‐Type Complexes of N‐Fused Porphyrins
Authors: Toganoh Motoki , Matsuo Hideaki , Sato Ayumi , Furuta Hiroyuki
Published: May 2016

Ruthenocene‐type hybrid complexes with N‐fused porphyrinato ligands, [Ru(NFp)Cp] (NFp=N‐fused porphyrin, Cp=cyclopentadienyl), have been prepared and characterized by NMR and UV/Vis/NIR spectroscopy, cyclovoltammetry, and X‐ray crystallography. [Ru(NFp)Cp] is a common low‐spin ruthenium(II) complex and shows strong aromaticity. The Ru–Cp distance (1.833 Å) in [Ru(NFp)Cp] is comparable to that in [RuCp2] (1.840 Å). DFT calculations on [Ru(NFp)Cp] showed the unequivocal contribution of the RuCp moiety as well as the NFp moiety to both the HOMO and LUMO, constructing a three‐dimensional d–π conjugated system. The HOMO–LUMO gaps of [Ru(NFp)Cp] are insensitive to the substituents on the NFp ligand, which is illustrated spectroscopically as well as theoretically. This is in sharp contrast to the ligand precursor, the N‐fused porphyrin, in which the HOMO–LUMO gap is affected by substituents in a similar manner to standard porphyrins and related macrocycles.
Chiral Phosphoric Acid‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Formal [3+2] Cycloaddition of Azomethine Imines with Enecarbamates
Authors: Wang Yang , Wang Qian , Zhu Jieping
Published: May 2016

The first catalytic asymmetric inverse electron demand 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine imines with enecarbamates has been developed. Isoquinoline‐fused pyrazolidines containing two or three contiguous stereogenic centers were obtained in high yields with excellent regio‐, diastereo‐, and enantioselectivities. The pyrazolidine ring can be opened to install an aminal, α‐amino nitrile, or homoallylamine function with an excellent control of the newly generated stereogenic center. Access to aminobenzo[a]quinolizidine is also documented.
Understanding Amyloid‐β Oligomerization at the Molecular Level: The Role of the Fibril Surface
Authors: Barz Bogdan , Strodel Birgit
Published: May 2016

The aggregation of the amyloid β‐peptide into fibrils is a complex process that involves mechanisms such as primary and secondary nucleation, fibril elongation and fibril fragmentation. Some of these processes generate neurotoxic Aβ oligomers, which are involved in the development of Alzheimer's disease. Recent experimental studies have emphasized the role of the fibril as a catalytic surface for the production of highly toxic oligomers during secondary nucleation. By using molecular dynamics simulations, we show that it is the hydrophobic fibril region that causes the structural changes required for catalyzing the formation of β‐sheet‐rich Aβ1‐42 oligomers on the fibril surface. These results reveal, for the first time, the molecular basis of the secondary nucleation pathway.
ChemInform Abstract: ANODIC CORROSION AND PASSIVATION BEHAVIOR OF SOME METALS IN MOLTEN LITHIUM CHLORIDE‐POTASSIUM CHLORIDE CONTAINING OXIDE IONS
Authors: FENG X. K. , MELENDRES C. A.
Published: May 2016

Die anodische Polarisation von Fe, Co, Ni, Cu und Mo wird bei 375 und 450°C in Lizü‐haltiger eutektischer LiCl‐KCl‐Schmelze untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF (μ‐DICHLOROBORYL)PENTABORANE(9)
Authors: NELSON M. A. , KAMEDA M. , SNOW S. A. , KODAMA G.
Published: May 2016

Die Titelverbindung (IV) wird durch Umsetzen des Pentaborats (I) mit überschüssigem BCl3 (II) als extrem luftempfindliche Flüssigkeit erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: RANEY NICKEL‐INDUCED ALKYLATION REACTIONS
Authors: WENKERT E. , BRINGI N. V. , CHOULETT H. E.
Published: May 2016

Das Thioketal (II) des Isatins bildet mit Ethanol (oder Benzol) in Gegenwart von Raney‐Ni innerhalb von 4 Stunden Oxindol (I), bei längerer Einwirkung jedoch das Alkylierungsprodukt (IIIa).
ChemInform Abstract: BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF THIOPHENE DERIVATIVES. IV. SYNTHESIS AND ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY OF UNSATURATED THIOPHENE KETONES
Authors: CHURKIN J. D. , PANFILIVA L. V. , BOREKO E. I. , TIMOFEEVA M. M. , VOTYAKOV V. I.
Published: May 2016

Nach der unten angegebenen allgemeinen Reaktion werden 15 neue Verbindungen (III) hergestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: 2,5‐DIHYDRO‐ AND TETRAHYDRO‐2,2‐DIMETHYL‐3‐THIOPHENECARBOXALDEHYDE
Authors: SUCROW W. , MUELLER H.‐W. +
Published: May 2016

Der Aldehyd (III) wird aus Mercaptoacetaldehyd [in Form des Dithians (I)] und dem Aldehyd (II) dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of N‐Substituted Derivatives of 9‐Aminocarbazole.
Authors: KYZIOL J. , TARNAWSKI J.
Published: May 2016

Die aus Carbazol (I) erhaltene Nitrosoverbindung (II) wird mit′ LiAlH4 zum 9‐Amino‐Derivat (III) reduziert, aus dern die Hydrazone (VI) hergestellt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: HETEROCYCLIC SYNTHESES WITH MALONYL DICHLORIDE. PART 13. 6‐CHLORO‐4‐HYDROXY‐2‐OXOPYRAN‐3‐CARBOXANILIDES FROM N‐SULFINYLANILINES AND FURTHER REACTIONS OF MALONYL DICHLORIDE WITH THIOCYANATES
Authors: AL‐AJELY M. S. , AL‐RAWI J. M. A. , ELVIDGE J. A.
Published: May 2016

Mit Malonyldichlorid (III) setzen sich die aus den entsprechenden Anilinen (I) dargestellten N‐Sulphinylaniline (II) zu den Pyronen (IVa)‐(IVd) um.
ChemInform Abstract: APPLICATION OF REGIOSELECTIVE THIOPHENE LITHIATION TO THE SYNTHESIS OF THIOPHENE ANALOGS OF XANTHONES AND THIOXANTHONES
Authors: WATTHEY J. W. H. , DESAI M.
Published: May 2016

Durch Kondensation zwischen Bromthiophenen (I) und (XIII) und Phenolen (II) und (XIV) bzw. Thiophenolen (XVII) und anschließende Carboxylierungsreaktionen, z.B. durch Lithiierung mit Phenyllithium und anschließende Umsetzung mit Kohlendioxid, werden entsprechende Carbonsäluren (IV), (IX) und (XI) erhalten, die zu Thiophen‐Analoga (V), (VII), (XII) und (XVI) von Xanthonen bzw. (XIX) von Thioxanthonen cyclisiert werden können.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND CHEMICOTHERAPEUTIC STUDY OF 2‐STYRYL‐4‐(Δ‐DIETHYLAMINO‐α‐METHYLBUTYLAMINO)QUINAZOLINES
Authors: ZHIKHAREVA G. P. , MASTAFANOVA L. I. , EVSTRATOVA M. I. , POLUKHINA L. M. , NIKOLAEVA I. S. , PUSHKINA T. V. , PERSHIN G. N. , YAKHONTOV L. N.
Published: May 2016

Nach einer früher beschriebenen mehrstufigen Synthese werden 2‐Methyl‐chinazolone (I) in die 2‐Styry1‐4‐amino‐chinazoline (II) übergeführt.
ChemInform Abstract: UNUSUAL CYCLIZATION OF AMIDINE SALTS IN THE FORMATION OF QUINAZOLONES
Authors: VAIDYA N. A. , BLANTON C. D. JUN.
Published: May 2016

Aus dem Anthranilsäurederivat (I) erhält man mit Phosphoroxychlorid das Benzoxazinon (II), das mit‐ den Anilinen (III) zu den Chinazolinonen (IV) umgesetzt wird.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 1,2,4‐OXADIAZOLYL‐ AND 1,2,4‐THIADIAZOLYLVINYL PHOSPHATES AND THEIR BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY
Authors: KUEBEL B. + , KNAUF W. , WALTERSDORFER A.
Published: May 2016

Die Titelverbindungen (IIIa) bzw. (IIIb) werden durch Umsetzung der Phosphoresterchloride (I) mit den Acetony1‐oxa(thia)diazo1en (II) in Gegenwart von Basen (K‐tert.‐butylat, K‐carbonat, Triethylamin oder NaOH/Triethylbenzylammoniumchlorid) synthetisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: SELENIUM‐STABILIZED CARBANIONS. SYNTHESIS OF ENALS AND SILYL ENONES USING 1,3‐BIS(PHENYLSELENO)PROPENE
Authors: REICH H. J. , CLARK M. C. , WILLIS W. W. JUN.
Published: May 2016

Phenylselenid (II) reagiert in basischem Milieu mit 1,3‐Dichlor‐propen (I) zum Bis‐phenylselenylpropen (III), das nach Metallierung und Umsetzung mit elektrophilen Reagenzien zu (IV) führt.
ChemInform Abstract: CYCLOADDITION REACTIONS OF HETEROCUMULENES. XXIV. SELENAZOLE DERIVATIVES FROM M CARBON DISELENIDE AND 3‐(DIMETHYLAMINO)‐2H‐AZIRINES
Authors: SCHAUMANN E. , NIMMESGERN H. , ADIWIDJAJA G. , CARLSEN L.
Published: May 2016

Aus Carbondiselenid und den 2‐Ph.enyl‐substituierten Azirinen (IIIa) entstehen unter 1,2‐Bindungsspaltung die 3‐Selenazoline (IIa), deren oxidative Entselenierung die Selenazolinone (Ia) liefert.
ChemInform Abstract: BIS(PENTAMETHYLCYCLOPENTADIENYL)CARBOXYLATO AND ‐DITHIOCARBAMATO DERIVATIVES OF NEODYMIUM(III) AND YTTERBIUM(III). CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF BIS(PENTAMETHYLCYCLOPENTADIENYL)(DIETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATO)YTTERBIUM(III)
Authors: TILLEY T. D. , ANDERSEN R. A. , ZALKIN A. , TEMPLETON D. H.
Published: May 2016

Die Titelverbindungen (III) werden durch metathetische Austauschreaktionen aus dem anionischen Dichloro‐Analogen (I) synthetisiert und durch massen‐, ′H‐NM R‐ und IR‐spektroskopische sowie magnetische Daten charakterisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF BIS(PENTAMETHYLCYCLOPENTADIENYL)BIS(PYRIDINE)YTTERBIUM(II)
Authors: TILLEY T. D. , ANDERSEN R. A. , SPENCER B. , ZALKIN A.
Published: May 2016

Die Titelverbindung (I) wird durch Reaktion von Diethylether‐bis‐[pentamethylcyclojpentadienyl]‐Yb mit Pyridin in Toluol bei Raumtemp. gebildet und 1H‐NMR‐ sowie IR‐spektroskopisch charakterisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: SULFUR(IV) COMPOUNDS AS LIGANDS. 1. CARBONYLCHROMIUM, MOLYBDENUM, AND TUNGSTEN COMPLEXES OF SULFUR DIOXIDE
Authors: SCHENK W. A. , BAUMANN F.‐E.
Published: May 2016

Die Halogencarbonylmetallate (I) lösen sich in fl.
ChemInform Abstract: BINUCLEAR RUTHENIUM COMPLEXES BRIDGED BY THE DICYANAMIDE ANION
Authors: SUTTON J. E. , KRENTZIEN H. , TAUBE H.
Published: May 2016

Die zweikernigen u‐Dicyanamid‐Ru(II)‐ und Ru(III)‐Komplexe (II) bzw. (IV) werden wie aufgezeichnet synthetisiert und durch UV‐VIS‐Absorptions‐ und IR‐Spektren sowie cyclisch voltammetrisch ermittelte Redoxpotentiale charakterisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF CARBONYL SULFIDE AND CARBON DISULFIDE WITH IRON AND RUTHENIUM COMPLEXES. SYNTHESIS AND REACTIVITY OF DICARBONYL (η2‐CARBONYL SULFIDE)BIS(TRIPHENYLPHOSPHINE)RUTHENIUM(0)
Authors: GAFFNEY T. R. , IBERS J. A.
Published: May 2016

Die Reaktion der Carbonylphosphin‐Komp1exe (I) mit CS2 führt zu den nz‐Csg‐Produkten (II), während die entsprechende Reaktion mit COS ein analoges Produkt (III) nur aus dem Ru‐Komplex (Ia) bildet.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF NICKEL, PALLADIUM, AND PLATINUM COMPLEXES WITH CARBONYL SULFIDE
Authors: GAFFNEY T. R. , IBERS J. A.
Published: May 2016

Die Komplexe (I), (V) und (VIII) reagieren mit COS abhängig vom Metall, dem Phosphinliganden und den Reaktionsbedingungen unter Bildung der unterschiedlichen Reaktionsprodukte (IV), (VI) bzw. (IX).
ChemInform Abstract: DINUCLEAR, METAL‐METAL‐BONDED PLATINUM(III) COMPOUNDS. 1. PREPARATION AND STRUCTURE OF K2(PT2(SO4)4(OSME2)2).4H2O
Authors: COTTON F. A. , FALVELLO L. R. , HAN S.
Published: May 2016

Der Titelkomplex (I) wird durch Erhitzen von K‐tetranitritoplatinat(II) in 9 M H2SO4 und metathetische Reaktion des erhaltenen Diaquo‐Analogen von (I) mit Dimethylsulfoxid gebildet und als Tetrahy‐ drat isoliert (keine Ausb.‐Angabe).
ChemInform Abstract: THE UNUSUAL COURSE OF THE REACTION OF 3β‐ACETOXYLANOST‐5‐EN‐7‐ONE WITH P‐TOLUENESULFONYLHYDRAZINE
Authors: JAGODZINSKI J. J. , SICINSKI R. R.
Published: May 2016

Bei der Oxidation des Ketons (Ia) nach Barton‐Thomas erhält man neben dem Dehydroderivat (II) die beiden Ketone (III) und (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: THE USE OF THE REFORMATSKII REACTION FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF β‐AMINO ACIDS
Authors: BELLASSOUED M. , AROUS‐CHTARA R. , GAUDEMAR M.
Published: May 2016

Die durch Umsetzung von Allylzinkbromid (II) mit den α‐Bromcarbonsäuren (I) erhältlichen Organozink‐Salze (III) werden mit den Iminen (IV) in Gegenwart von Zink umgesetzt.
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION OF UNSATURATED CARBOHYDRATES BY ESTER PYROLYSIS. III. THERMAL CIS S ELIMINATIONS FROM COMPLETELY ACETYLATED KETOPYRANOSES
Authors: KOELL P. + , STEINWEG E. , METZGER J. , MEYER B.
Published: May 2016

Die Thermolyse der Titelverbindungen (I) bei 270°C in einer Strömungsapparatur (Verweilzeit 0.5 bis 1 min) führt zu den Produkten (III)+(IV) + (V) [ aus (Ia) wird außerdem die Verbindung (II) gebildet ].
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 3‐METHYLXANTHOSINE
Authors: ITAYA T. , HARADA T.
Published: May 2016

Das aus dem Imidazolcarbonsäureamid (I) durch Umsetzung mit Chlorameisensäureethylester (II) hergestellte Ethoxycarbonylderivat (III) cyclisiert mit Natronlauge zum 3‐Methylxanthosin (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: PHASE DIAGRAM OF THE TERNARY SYSTEM GERMANIUM‐ANTIMONY‐SELENIUM
Authors: BORDAS S. , CLAVAGUERA‐MORA M. T. , LEGENDRE B.
Published: May 2016

Mit Hilfe thermoanalytischer (DTA, TGA), differentialscanningkalorimetrischer, röntgenographischer und metallographischer Untersuchungen werden das quasi‐binäre System Sb2Se3 ‐GeSe, sowie verschiedene isoplethe und isotherme Schnitte bestimmt.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND LUMINESCENCE PROPERTIES OF MESOMORPHIC ESTERS OF P‐(P‐ALKOXYSTYRYL)BENZOIC ACIDS
Authors: BUBEL' O. N. , BEZBORODOV V. S. , RACHKEVICH V. S.
Published: May 2016

Die p‐Alkoxycarbonylbenzylbromide (I), erhalten nach Literaturverfahren, werden mit Ph3P in die Phosphoniumbromide (II) übergeführt und diese in situ mit den p‐Alkoxybenzaldehyden (III) zu den Titelverbindungen (IV) kon‐ I′) densiert.
ChemInform Abstract: COORDINATION SELECTIVITY IN THE REACTION OF ALUMINUM(III) WITH 8‐HYDROXY‐7‐(6′‐SULFO‐2′‐NAPHTHYL)AZO)QUINOLINE‐5‐SULFONIC ACID
Authors: HAYASHI K. , OKAMOTO K. , HIDAKA J. , EINAGA H.
Published: May 2016

Das Koordinationsverhalten von AI(III) mit dem Titelliganden, für den es zwei unterschiedliche Koordinationsmöglichkeiten gibt, wurde mittels elektronenspektroskopischer und spektrophotometrischer Methoden in wässriger NaCl‐Lösung bei 25°C untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: RING‐OPENING CARBON‐CARBON BOND BETWEEN CYCLOPROPANES AND ALKENES
Authors: GIESE B. , ZWICK W.
Published: May 2016

Die Cyclopropane (I) setzen sich mit den Alkenen (II) in einer Eintopfreaktion zu den Verbindungen (III) um.
ChemInform Abstract: DEHYDROGENATION OF TERTIARY AMINES WITH HETEROAROMATIC N‐OXIDE NEIGHBOR GROUP
Authors: MOEHRLE H. + , TROESTER G. +
Published: May 2016

Die Umsetzung des Dimethylaminomethylpyridin‐N‐oxids (I) mit HgO/EDTA liefert neben dem Formamid (II) das Methylaminomethylpyridin‐N‐oxid (III); die cyclischen Aminomethylpyridin‐N‐oxide (IV) lassen sich mit HgO/EDTA in die Lactame (V) überführen.
ChemInform Abstract: ACYL MIGRATION DURING PHOSPHORYLATION OF GLYCERIDES BY PHOSPHORUS(III) ACID AMIDES
Authors: PREDVODITELEV D. A. , GRACHEV M. K. , SMIRNOV M. B. , NIFANT'EV E. E.
Published: May 2016

Das Amidophosphit (II), erhalten aus Imidazol und Neopentylenchlorphosphit (61% Ausb.) wird mit dem Glycerindiester (I) zu dem Phosphorinan (III) kondensiert und dieses aus Gründen der bequemeren Reindarstellung zu dem Thioderivat (IV) sulfuriert.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF α‐CYANOPHENYLACETALDEHYDE WITH SULFONYL CHLORIDE
Authors: HERTENSTEIN U.
Published: May 2016

Die Umsetzung von α‐Cyan‐phenylacetaldehyd (II) mit Sulfurylchlorid (III) führt in Tetra zum Oxiran (I), in Benzol dagegen zum Aldehyd (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐OXOPROPANAL (METHYLGLYOXAL) FROM GLYCEROL BY OXIDATION IN THE GAS PHASE
Authors: BALTES H. , LEUPOLD E. I.
Published: May 2016

Die Gasphasenoxidation von Glycerin (I) zu Methylglyoxal (II) an speziellen V/Ag‐ Katalysatoren wird untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF ARALKYL HYDROXYDIPEROXIDES AND DIPEROXIDE MONOMERS MADE OF THEM
Authors: DIKII M. A. , GEVUS' O. I. , PUCHIN V. A.
Published: May 2016

Durch Grignardreaktion der Ketodiperoxide (I) mit MeMgBr werden die Oxydiperoxide (II) erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: RHODIUM ION CATALYZED DECOMPOSITION OF ARYLDIAZOALKANES
Authors: SHANKAR B. K. R. , SHECHTER H.
Published: May 2016

Aryldiazoalkane können in Gegenwart von Rh‐Katalysatoren wie (I) oder (II) in die Diarylethylene (IV) und (V) umgewandelt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: ALKYLATION OF 1‐(PHENYLAZO)‐2‐HYDROXY‐3‐NAPHTHALENECARBOXANILIDE AND ITS DERIVATIVES
Authors: SYCHEVA E. D. , LISITSYNA E. S. , DYUMAEV K. M. , ZAITSEV B. E.
Published: May 2016

Das 2‐Hydroxy‐3‐naphthanilid (I) wird mit MeI zu dem N‐Methylanilid (II) umgesetzt.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS, RESOLUTION, AND RACEMIZATION STUDIES OF 1,2‐EPOXY‐1,2‐DIHYDROCHRYSENE
Authors: BOYD D. R. , GREENE R. M. E.
Published: May 2016

Die Umsetzung des rac. trans‐Bromhydrins (I) mit dem Reagenz (II) liefert ein trennbares Gemisch (90%) der (1 R,2R)‐Verbindung (III) mit ihrem Diastereomeren; (III) wird über die Stufe (IV) direkt in die optisch aktive Titelverbindung (V), einen Säugetier‐Metaboliten von Chrysen, übergeführt, der die angegebene (1R,2S)‐Konfi‐ guration zugeordnet werden kann.
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION OF CYCLIC GLYCOL CARBONATES FROM OLEFINS OR VINYL COMPOUNDS. II. PREPARATION VIA OXIRANE INTERMEDIATES
Authors: SZAKACS S. , NAGY F.
Published: May 2016

Aus den Olefinen (I) erhält man mit dem Peroxid (II), das durch Anlagerung von Wasserstoffsuperoxid an Acetonitril gebildet wird, die Epoxide (III), die ohne Aufarbeitung mit Kohlendioxid (IV) in Gegenwart von Phasentransfer‐Katalysatoren zu den cyclischen Carbonaten (V) umgesetzt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: PRODRUGS OF L‐CYSTEINE AS LIVER‐PROTECTIVE AGENTS. 2(R,S)‐METHYLTHIAZOLIDINE‐4(R)‐CARBOXYLIC ACID (MTCA), A LATENT CYSTEINE
Authors: NAGASAWA H. T. , GOON D. J. W. , ZERA R. T. , YUZON D. L.
Published: May 2016

L‐Cystein (I) reagiert mit Acetaldehyd zum Thiazolidin (II), aus dem (I) unter physiologischen Bedingungen (pH‐Wert, Temperatur) entsteht.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF THE NATURAL FURANOCOUMARIN PRANGOSINE
Authors: SCHNEIDERS G. E. , STEVENSON R.
Published: May 2016

Das aus Prangos pabularia isolierbare Prangosin (V) wird synthetisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: NOVEL SYNTHESIS OF THE 1,2‐DIHYDROISOQUINOLINE SKELETON BY NUCLEOPHILIC RADICAL SUBSTITUTION CHAIN REACTION (SRN1)
Authors: BEUGELMANS R. , CHASTANET J. , ROUSSI G.
Published: May 2016

2‐Iod‐benzylamin (I) reagiert mit den Enolaten entsprechender Ketone zu den Amino‐ketonen (II).
ChemInform Abstract: 6H‐IMIDAZO(4,5‐F)QUINOLIN‐9‐ONES AND DERIVATIVES HALOGENATED IN POSITION 8 WITH POTENTIAL PARASITICIDAL ACTIVITY
Authors: RENAULT J. , CHAOUI M. , GIORGI‐RENAULT S. , CAVIER R. , DELAGE N.
Published: May 2016

Auf dem im Formelschema angegebenen Weg werden die Imidazochinolinone (Va) hergestellt, die dann in die Verbindungen (Vb) bis (Vd) und (VI) übergeführt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Polymethylene‐pyrimidin‐4‐ones.
Authors: KOEKOESI J. + , SZASZ G. , HERMECZ I. , MESZAROS Z. , PONGORNE‐CSAKVARI M. , TOTH G.
Published: May 2016

Bei der Umsetzung der cyclischen Amidine (I) mit Ethoxymethylenmalonsäurediethylester (II) erhält man ein Gemisch der Pyrimidinone (III) und (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: A NEW SYNTHESIS OF AZOLOOXAZINES
Authors: LUPO B. , TARRAGO G.
Published: May 2016

Azolo‐oxazine (VI) werden durch Umsetzung des Hydroxymethylazols (I) mit Propargylbromid (II) zu (IV) und anschließende Cyclisierung unter Phasentransfer‐Bedingungen hergestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOSPHONIOVINAMIDINIUM SALTS
Authors: GOMPPER R. , KUJATH E. , WAGNER H.‐U.
Published: May 2016

Aus den Phosphoniumsalzen (I) und dem Amidacetal (IIa) wird über die Stufe des Vinylphosphoniumsalzes (III) das Phosphoniovinamidiniumsalz (IV) hergestellt, mit dem einige Reaktionen mit Nucleophilen beschrieben sind, z.B. mit (IX) zu (VIII) oder mit (X) zu (XI).
ChemInform Abstract: TRANSITION METAL‐SUBSTITUTED PHOSPHINES, ARSINES, AND STIBINES. PT. 31. REDOX X REACTIONS OF A FERROARSINE AND ‐STIBINE WITH CHLOROPHOSPHINES: SYNTHESIS OF A DIFERROARSONIUM CHLORIDE AND A PENTAVALENT ANTIMONY COMPOUND WITH ASYMMETRIC IRON ATOMS
Authors: MALISCH W. , KAUL H.‐A. , GROSS E. , THEWALT U.
Published: May 2016

Die Komplexe (I) werden durch die Chlorphosphane (II) zu den Komplexen (III) oxidiert.
ChemInform Abstract: HETEROCLUSTERS: METAL EXCHANGE VIA DINUCLEAR (CYCLOPENTADIENYL)METAL CARBONYLS
Authors: BEURICH H. , BLUMHOFER R. , VAHRENKAMP H.
Published: May 2016

In dem tetraedrischen Cobaltcluster (Ia) läßt sich mit Hilfe der zweikernigen Cyclopentadienylmetallcarbonyle (II) eine Co(CO)3‐Einheit durch eine isoelektronische Einheit unter Bildung der Produkte (III) ersetzen.
ChemInform Abstract: TRANSITION METAL‐CARBON BONDS. PART 52. LARGE RING AND CYCLOMETALATED COMPLEXES FORMED FROM (ME3C)2PCH2CH2CHRCH2CH2P(CME3)2 (R = H OR ME) AND TRICHLOROIRIDIUM, OR TETRACHLOROTETRAKIS(CYCLOOCTENE)DIIRIDIUM: CRYSTAL STRUCTURES OF THE CYCLOMETALATED HYDRIDE (1,5‐BIS(DI‐TERT‐BUTYLPHOSPHINO)PENT‐3‐YL‐C3,P,P′)CHLOROHYDRIDOIRIDIUM(III), AND THE CARBENE COMPLEX (1,5‐BIS(DI‐TERT‐BUTYLPHOSPHINO)PENT‐3‐YLIDENE‐C3,3,P,P′) CHLOROIRIDIUM(III)
Authors: CROCKER C. , EMPSALL H. D. , ERRINGTON R. J. , HYDE E. M. , MCDONALD W. S. , MARKHAM R. , NORTON M. C. , SHAW B. L. , WEEKS B.
Published: May 2016

Die 1:2‐molare Umsetzung von hydratisiertem Ir‐trichlorid mit dem Diphosphin (Ia) führt zu dem zweikernigen Komplex (IIa) mit 16‐gliedrigem Ring, dem nicht fluktuierenden, koordinativ gesättigten, cyclometallierten Hydrid (IIIa) und einem unidentifizierten Komplex.
ChemInform Abstract: HOMOPOLYSACCHARIDES INTERACTION WITH THE DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE‐PARAFORMALDEHYDE CELLULOSE SOLVENT SYSTEM. SELECTIVE OXIDATION OF AMYLOSE AND CELLULOSE AT SECONDARY ALCOHOL GROUPS
Authors: BOSSO C. , DEFAYE J. , GADELLE A. , WONG C. C. , PEDERSEN C.
Published: May 2016

13C‐NMR‐Untersuchungen (Abbildung der Spektren) der Wechselwirkungseigenschaften des Cellulose (Ce.)‐Lösungsmittelsystems DMSO‐Paraformaldehyd (D/P) mit Amylose (Am) zeigen die reversible Hemiacetalbildung zwischen Formaldehyd und der C‐6‐ und C‐2‐Hydroxygruppe von Am.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,2‐MONO‐, 1,2:3,5‐DI‐, AND 1,2:5,6‐DI‐O‐ISOPROPYLIDENE‐β‐L‐IDOFURANOSES; AN EXAMPLE OF 1,3‐DIOXOLANE‐1,3‐DIOXANE ISOMERIZATION
Authors: HUGHES N. A. , MUNKOMBWE N. M.
Published: May 2016

Aus der Monoisopropylidenglykofuranose (Ia) wird über das Trimesylat (Ib) das L‐ido‐Diacetat (IIa) hergestellt, aus dem wie im Formelschema angegeben die im Titel genannten Verbindungen (III), (IV) und (V) erhalten werden.
ChemInform Abstract: A NEW CLASS OF NITROSOUREAS. V. STRUCTURE OF ISOMERIC L‐ARABINOSYLUREAS AND ISOMERIZATION THEREOF
Authors: MORIKAWA T. , TSUJIHARA K. , TAKEDA M.
Published: May 2016

Durch Reaktion von L‐Arabinose (I) mit dem Amin (II) und dem Isocyanat (III) werden die isomeren Arabinosylharnstoffe (IVa), (Va) und (VIa) erhalten, aus denen die Derivate (IVb), (Vb), (VIb) und (Vc) hergestellt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: FISCHER‐TROPSCH SYNTHESIS IN THE SLURRY PHASE ON MANGANESE/IRON CATALYSTS
Authors: DECKWER W.‐D. , SERPEMEN Y. , RALEK M. , SCHMIDT B.
Published: May 2016

Beschrieben wird die Herstellung des Katalysators und die Fischer‐Tropsch‐Synthese in Suspension (Blasensäule mit geschmolzenem Wachs als Flüssigphase).
ChemInform Abstract: PITTING AND PITTING INHIBITION OF IRON IN SODIUM SULFATE SOLUTIONS
Authors: KEITELMAN A. D. , GALVELE J. R.
Published: May 2016

Das anodische Verhalten von hochreinem Fe in 0.5 M Na, S04 Lösungen wird im Sauren und Alkalischen (pH 2.7, 9.0, 10.0 sowie pH 9.2 (in Gegenwart von Puffern)) anhand von anodischen Polarisationskurven und Oberflächenritzungsexperimenten untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: COMPETITIVE (6 + 2), (4 + 2), AND (2 + 2) CYCLOADDITIONS. EXPERIMENTAL CLASSIFICATION OF TWO‐ELECTRON CYCLOADDENDS
Authors: SCOTT L. T. , ERDEN I. , BRUNSVOLD W. R. , SCHULTZ T. H. , HOUK K. N. , PADDON‐ROW M. N.
Published: May 2016

Während das Propellan (II) Tetracyanethylen (TCNE) zum [6 + 1]‐Addukt (I) anlagert, entsteht z.B. mit Singulett‐Sauerstoff das [4 + 2]‐Cycloaddukt (III).
ChemInform Abstract: HYDROGENATION OF NITROBENZENE OVER A NICKEL BORIDE CATALYST
Authors: COLLINS D. J. , SMITH A. D. , DAVIS B. H.
Published: May 2016

Die Hydrierung von Nitrobenzol in methanolischer Lösung an Nickelborid wird bei 65°C, 80°C und 100°C l in einem Rührautoklaven bei 4 bar und einer Konzentration von 0,061 Mol Nickel pro Mol Edukt durchgeführt.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF SOME 2,5‐DIALKOXY‐2‐(DIALKOXYMETHYL)TETRAHYDROFURANS
Authors: PERESADA V. P. , OSTROVSKAYA R. U. , LIKHOSHERSTOV A. M. , RODIONOV A. P. , ROZENBERG S. G. , SKOLDINOV A. P.
Published: May 2016

Die Furan‐acetale (I) liefern mit Ammoniumbromid/Alkohol/ Elektrolyse und Alkoholat die Diether (II), die auch durch Reaktion der Acetale (I) mti Alkohol/Brom erhalten werden.
ChemInform Abstract: FLUOROCARBON DERIVATIVES OF NITROGEN. PART 8. REACTIONS BETWEEN HETEROAROMATIC N‐IMINES (N‐IMINOPYRIDINIUM AND N‐IMINOQUINOLINIUM YLIDE) AND PERFLUOROPROPENE, 2H‐PENTAFLUOROPROPENE, PERFLUOROBUT‐2‐ENE, PERFLUORO(2‐METHYLPENT‐2‐ENE), PERFLUOROBUT‐2‐YNE, AND PERFLUOROPYRIDINE: SYNTHESIS OF FLUORINATED 3‐AZAINDOLIZINES (PYRAZOLO(1,5‐A)PYRIDINES)
Authors: BANKS R. E. , HITCHEN S. M.
Published: May 2016

Das aus dem N‐Aminopyridiniumiodid (I) in situ erzeugte N‐Iminoylid wird basisch mit den Perfluoralkenen (II) zu den Pyrazolopyridinen (III) kondensiert.
ChemInform Abstract: THE SYNTHESIS AND STEREOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE FIVE ISOMERIC 1,3‐DIPHENYL‐1,3‐DIMETHYL‐2,4‐DINEOPENTYL‐1,3‐DISILACYCLOBUTANES
Authors: JONES P. R. , LEE M. E.
Published: May 2016

Bei der Umsetzung des Vinylsilans (I) mit tert.‐Butyllithium (II) erhält man neben der Disilylverbindung (IV) ein Gemisch von fünf isomeren Disilacyclobutanen (III), die getrennt und strukturell zugeordnet werden.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF ASYMMETRIC PHOSPHORUS‐CONTAINING AMINODI‐ AND AMINOTRISULFIDES
Authors: TOLMACHEVA N. A. , KHASKIN B. A.
Published: May 2016

Die Dibutoxy‐thiophosphoryl‐N‐dialkylamino‐di‐ bzw. ‐trisulfide (I) reagieren mit Aminen (II) zu den Bis‐(dialkylamincn‐mono‐ bzw. ‐disulfiden (III).
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIVITY OF HYPOPHOSPHITES. IV. REACTION OF ALKYLHYPOPHOSPHITES WITH α‐BROMOCINNAMALDEHYDE
Authors: YUDELEVICH V. I. , SOLONKINA I. V. , SOKOLOV L. B. , IONIN B. I. , KOMAROV E. V. , LIFSHITS M. I. , KARPENKO M. P.
Published: May 2016

Wie im Formelschema angegeben ist, sind die Alkylester ( III) der Bis‐(3‐phen1yl‐2‐brom‐1‐hydroxy‐2‐propen‐1 ‐yl)‐phosphinsäure: zugänglich.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF 2‐SUBSTITUTED 1,3,2‐OXAZAPHOSPHOLANES WITH ETHANOL AND PHENOL
Authors: PUDOVIK M. A. , KIBARDINA L. K. , PUDOVIK A. N.
Published: May 2016

Der Verlauf der Alkoholyse oder Phenolyse von 1,3,2‐Oxaza‐phospholanen wird durch die Art der Substituenten am P‐Atom, am N‐Atom und im Heteroring bestimmt.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF CESIUM 18‐CROWN‐6: THE FIRST SINGLE‐CRYSTAL ELECTRIDE?
Authors: ISSA D. , DYE J. L.
Published: May 2016

Der Versuch, eine kristalline Verbindung Cs (18‐crown‐6)Li in Analogie zu dem kürzlich synthetisierten "Sodid" Cs (18‐crown‐6)l′ Ia′ aus Cs, Li und dem Crownether in Methylamin darzustellen, lieferte nach Eindampfen und Kristallisation des Rückstands aus Isopropylamin/EtgO bei ‐78°C eine im wesentlichen diamagnetische Verbindung mit der Stöchiometrie Cs(18‐crow‐n‐6), die im Vakuum bei und unterhalb von Raumtemp. stabil ist.