bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zoning of the Lower Volga Region and Formation of Territory, Okrug, District and Rural Bodies of Soviet Authority in 1928: First Stage
Authors: Furman Ekaterina
Published: September 2024

Introduction. The article examines the process of formation of the Lower Volga region and Soviet authorities at the level of regional, district, and rural administration at the first stage of zoning (before the liquidation of okrugs). Methods and materials. The research was carried out based on traditional methods of historical research (historical-genetic, retrospective, historical-systemic, and historical-comparative). The use of an array of unpublished archival documents stored in the State Archives of the Volgograd Region and the Documentation Center for Contemporary History of the Volgograd Region, and materials from periodicals and legislative sources of government bodies of the USSR and the RSFSR, greatly facilitated the research process. Analysis. The study is aimed at identifying the regional specifics of the zoning process and the accompanying process of formation of Soviet authorities (at the level of councils and executive committees of councils of the Lower Volga region). Results. The zoning of the Lower Volga region already at the first stage revealed a range of problems, the systematic solution of which in the future will make it possible to transform the agricultural region into the industrial center of the Volga region. In the process of reform, along with positive aspects – the reduction in cost of the management apparatus, the bringing closer to the population of Soviet authorities endowed with significant powers (district executive committees and councils) – there were also clearly negative consequences. The distance of rural councils from middle management and the consolidation of individual rural councils, on the one hand, led to the planned reduction of hardware costs but, on the other hand, excluded remote villages from active public life. Districts became the main operational unit of economic and Soviet work in the region. There were several issues to address, including the imbalance between districts with different population sizes, from small ones with just over 2,000 people to large ones with populations approaching 100,000. Additionally, there was a lack of communication between administrative units and personnel problems, which emerged as a significant hurdle in the development of district and rural Soviet administration at the second stage of zoning (in the conditions of the liquidation of okrugs).
A Socio-Political Aspect of Housing and Communal Sanitation in the USSR, 1950s–1960s (Based on Materials of Leningrad and Vyborg)
Authors: Pokidko Pavel
Published: September 2024

Introduction. The article examines the interactions between the sanitary service, other departments, and city residents in the 1950s and 1960s to improve sanitary conditions, using the examples of Leningrad and Vyborg. It shows how the level of housing safety increased as the state allocated material resources to service organizations and improved sanitary standards. Methods and materials. The article is based on materials from the State Archive of the Russian Federation, the Central City Archive of St. Petersburg, and the Leningrad Oblast Archive, and a number of newspaper publications. Minutes of meetings, reports and explanatory notes, and citizens’ appeals to various authorities show that littered exits, uncollected cesspools, irregular cleaning of adjoining territories, and mountains of garbage often became a source of epidemics. Analysis. These problems were addressed as communication between government agencies and the public evolved. The legislative framework governing sanitary safety in cities was formed as early as the 1930s. The situation was aggravated by the lack of education of the population, which did not want to comply with sanitary rules. Solving the problem required concerted work by authorities, academics, and community activists. In order to reduce the risks of disease for city residents, city authorities organized trash pickups, lectures for citizens with representatives of sanitation services, etc. Thus, practices were formed to maintain compliance with the necessary norms. Results. The identified features of the implementation of housing and communal sanitation norms give the idea that established communication between government and public organizations was a channel for reducing the risks of epidemics and the comfort of the dwelling. Increased use of specialized machinery that allowed for garbage collection and a number of other problems was able to accelerate sanitation problems. This article illustrates how the risks – the high likelihood of epidemics – forced the state and citizens to seek effective ways to develop and maintain sanitary standards. The successful development of practices was thus related to the development of the necessary infrastructure and the awareness of city residents of the benefits of complying with practices.
From “Philosophy of History” to “Historicism” in the Studies of Antiquity and the Middle Ages in Russia: T.N. Granovskii (1813–1855) and V.G. Vasilievskii (1838–1899)
Authors: Starostin Dmitry , Kuleshova Elena
Published: September 2024

This article is devoted to the problem of developing methods of historical research among Russian historians of the Middle Ages of the 19th century. Methods and materials. We used methods of studying historiography, developed by Russian scholars recently, as well as the ideographic method of historical inquiry. Analysis. In this article, an attempt is made to illustrate an important breakthrough in the views of Russian scholars of antiquity and the Middle Ages that occurred amid the 19th century. T.N. Granovskii and P.N. Kudriavtsev, whose formative years fell on the first half of the 19th century, started their studies of history with a belief that the knowledge of the concepts of the philosophy of history was critical for historical inquiry. But in the 1850s, T.N. Granovskii came to insist that any study of history must begin with the critical analysis, the “deconstruction” of the sources. V.G. Vasilievskii, a future scholar of Byzantium, established his studies in the 1860s on a thorough analysis of the monographs on Roman history that sought to deconstruct the myths of its early period. Results. It was shown that the philosophical and methodological divide, which started to show in the late articles of T.N. Granovskii, received a thorough development in the works of V.G. Vasilievskii, who did not consider the philosophy of history important and started his studies with the monographs that made the critique of sources and deconstruction of historical narratives the main research method, especially in the description of the epoch-making events during the creation of the Roman Empire and the time of its collapse in the West. Authors’ contributions. D.N. Starostin was responsible for the investigation of the European authors’ concepts and their comparison with those of Russian scholars, as well as for the work with archival materials. E.V. Kuleshova was responsible for analysis of the Russian historians’ views in the context of the development of Russian historical thought.
On the Question of the Social Origins of Early Cossack Communities: Results, Methodology and Prospects of Research
Authors: Ryblova Marina
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Addressing the complex and controversial problem of domestic Cossack studies – the determination of the stage affiliation of early Slavic Cossack communities – the author sets himself the task of summing up many years of discussions, identifying the most promising directions for further research, and identifying the associated methodological guidelines. Methods and materials. Many studies of the problem of the stage affiliation of early Cossack communities, carried out by pre-revolutionary, Soviet, and modern Russian Cossack researchers, as well as works on male unions and communities of the Slavic, Caucasian, and Turkic worlds, served as materials for the article. The analysis of sources and scientific publications was carried out using comparative historical and structural-functional methods, as well as methods of classification and typologization. Analysis. The available scientific papers on the problem were classified based on the social and political prototypes of early Cossack communities determined by scientists. Three groups of versions about the social nature of early Cossack communities have been identified, which correlate them: 1) with state structures; 2) with paramilitary communities that existed in the South Russian steppes and adjacent territories at the same time as the Cossacks; 3) with archaic structures (the so-called military democracy and male unions). Results. Defining the third direction as the most promising, the author of the article suggests expanding research on the cultural and historical comparison of Cossack organizations with archaic male unions and their later forms known in the Turkic, Caucasian, and Slavic worlds. We should start this case by adhering to a set of crucial methodological principles. These principles indicate that male unions were cultural universals, and their correlation with Cossack organizations may indicate not so much (and not only) genetic connections as typological ones. In contrast to the Caucasian and Central Asian unions, Cossack communities arose outside the metropolis, which, on the one hand, led to the need for them to build their own potestar structures and, on the other hand, determined the strong external impact on them from the Russian state. The development of Cossack communities did not follow the path of evolution but was first carried out in the form of a rollback to the archaic and then was associated with a series of sociocultural transformations.
Tsaritsyn of Peter’s Time in Modern Historiography
Authors: Mezin Sergey
Published: September 2024

Introduction. The jubilee of Peter I intensified the study of the era of reforms, when important events and changes took place not only in the center of the country but also on the outskirts, in particular in Tsaritsyn and the Lower Volga region. Volgograd historians have recently reexamined these events in the city’s history, utilizing fresh documents from both central and local archives. Methods and materials. The collection of the latest scientific publications (articles, monographs, publications of sources) devoted to the history of Tsaritsyn and its district in Peter’s time served as the material for this review. The methods of historiographical analysis allow us to compare the achievements of modern researchers with the achievements of historians of previous generations, to see the updating of the source base and the involvement of modern research approaches. Analysis. The article analyzes new editions of sources drawn from local and central archives. Despite some archaeological shortcomings, the publication of documents opens up wide opportunities for military-historical, regional, urbanistic, prosopographic, and genealogical research. The author considers the two-volume edition “Tsaritsyn Line: Monument of Fortification of the Peter the Great Era: Construction, Operation, Current State, and Prospects of Museification,” which was prepared by the creative team under the leadership of I.O. Tyumentsev, a kind of scientific result. The analysis of the collective monograph shows that in connection with the construction of the Tsaritsyn line, a whole layer of the history of the south and southeast of Russia from the Azov campaigns to the second half of the 18th century is considered. Along with military plots, many problems of the economy and economic development of the Lower Volga region, issues of social history, and national relations have been studied. Results. It is concluded that the authors of the latest publications, despite their particular shortcomings, managed to show at the modern research level that the Peter the Great era inscribed a bright, eventful page in the history of Tsaritsyn-Volgograd and its surroundings.
Nomads of the Oghuz-Pecheneg Time of the Volga-Don Region According to Anthropology Data.
Authors: Balabanova Mariya
Published: September 2024

Introduction. The article presents the results of an anthropological study of the nomads of the Oghuz-Pecheneg period of the Volga-Don region, known from written and archaeological sources. Material and methods. To carry out the analysis, both published materials and new ones studied by the author were used. The craniological series included data on 55 skulls – 38 male and 17 female. The new material is represented by skulls obtained from excavations of cemeteries in the Volgograd region, for 23 skulls. The anthropological composition, intragroup structure, and ethnogenetic connections were determined by the methods of simple and multivariate statistics. Analysis and discussion. The arithmetic mean values of the male and female craniological series demonstrated a racially mixed Caucasoid-Mongoloid complex, components of which are determined in men by II and in women by both I and II principal components. In addition, in the male series I, the main component performs the function of size and demarcates the skulls with a massive and gracile structure of the brain and facial regions. The multiple discriminant analysis carried out in order to identify ethnogenetic connections showed the greatest similarity of a series of nomads of the Oghuz-Pecheneg period both with their predecessors, the population of the Khazar period, and with groups of Cuman and Golden Horde nomads. The Turkic origin of the study group demonstrates connections with the synchronous populations of Southern Siberia and Kazakhstan. Conclusions. The Oghuz-Pecheneg people exhibited a racially heterogeneous anthropological composition, combining Mongoloid and Caucasoid components. This is a direct consequence of their origin. Apparently, the nomads of the Volga-Don region of the studied time, after its development, could include in their composition the nomadic groups of the previous Khazar time and form the composition of both the urban and nomadic population of the Golden Horde.
Numismatics of Sallarids
Authors: Mammadova Aygun
Published: September 2024

Introduction. The goal of the research is to reveal data on coinage and trade routes during the period of the Sallarids (the Musafirids, the Kangarids). Based on unique numismatic facts – both individual coins and coin hoards found in Azerbaijan and European countries – the author made an attempt to clarify and localize mints, the names of territorial regions (“Azerbaijan” and “Arminiyya”), as well as trade routes. Methods and materials. Referring to the comparative method, the author explained basic conclusions about the monetary economy of the period. Coins of the Sallarids period were used as actual material. Analysis and results. The coins minted during the mentioned period are not only the facts confirming local coinage (the statehood), but also unique examples of trade routes, beliefs, and hereditary authority, including the calligraphy of Azerbaijan in the Middle Ages. Such findings having come down to our time are manifesting rich silver mines and the handiwork of local artisans, as well. Rulers of the Sallarids dynasty, on behalf of whom (sometimes together with their heir or vizier) the coins had been minted in several towns of historical Azerbaijan, benefited from the right of “coin” (coining by the name of the supreme ruler). Founding such coins together with the coins of the other medieval Islamic rulers both in Azerbaijan (Nakhchivan) and in European countries (Switzerland, Estonia, and different areas of Russia) proves extensive trade relations of Azerbaijan with other countries. Various museums and collections currently preserve these coins, which researchers study and showcase in fascinating exhibitions and expositions. The author of the article promotes these facts when teaching the subjects “Numismatic of Azerbaijan” and “Caucasus numismatic” at the Western Caspian University (Baku, Azerbaijan).
A unified educational space for internists and general practitioners (family doctors) as a way to improve the quality of training
Authors: Drapkina O. M. , Astanina S. Yu. , Shepel R. N.
Published: September 2024

The article examines the implementation of the principle of educational space unity, ensuring the quality of education throughout the Russia. We also describe the interdependence of practical health care needs for primary care specialists capable of providing high-quality primary care and the functions of an integrated system of a unified educational space for internists and general practitioners (family doctors) (GPs) focused on the social order.

Aim. To analyze the conceptual foundations of the system of a unified educational space for internists and GPs (family doctors) as ways to improve the quality of training of specialists.

Material and methods. The following were used in this study: analysis of educational trends in the modern world and medical education in particular; structural and functional analysis in the study of legislation regulating the training of internists and GPs (family doctors); a system approach that defines the components of a unified educational space for in ternists and GPs (family doctors); a method for predicting changes in the de velopment of a unified educational space for internists and GPs (family doctors).

Results. Having considered the potential capabilities of a unified educational space for internists and GPs (family doctors), the following were revealed: regulatory, social, educational, managerial factors influencing the training of internists and GPs (family doctors) were identified; strategies for the development of a unified educational space for internists and GPs (family doctors) were determined at the level of goals, content, processes, and results; the relationship between the training of internists and GPs (family doctors) and the needs of practical healthcare was established; the internal components and functions of a unified educational space for internists and GPs (family doctors) have been identified and substantiated, and the framework factors have been defined. A theoretical model of a unified educational space for internists and GPs (family doctors) has been created, including external factors, target, motivational, design, content, managerial and evaluative components, as well as planned results, manifested in the functions.

Conclusion. To summarize, we can state the following: for effective and high-quality management training of internists and GPs (family doc tors), a unified educational space is of paramount importance, this will make it possible to preserve the best traditions of the country's therapeutic school and its future development.
Effects of Green Extraction Methods on Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) Leaves
Authors: Turksever Can , Benzer Gurel Duygu , Sahiner Aslı , Çağındı Ozlem , Kizilirmak Esmer Ozlem
Published: September 2024

Research background. Artichoke leaves, an important waste product of the food industry, have an important antioxidant and antimicrobial capacity. Although there are several studies in the literature to determine their antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, a comparison of green extraction technologies including microwave, ultrasound probe and ultrasound bath methods in relation to the maceration technique has not been performed. Also, several parameters such as the extraction temperature, power, extraction mode and extraction time are important parameters for obtaining targeted compounds in the highest amount. For this reason, we aimed to compare various extraction methods including microwave-assisted extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction with probe, ultrasound-assisted extraction in a water bath and maceration in terms of extraction parameters for obtaining bioactive compounds from artichoke leaves.
Experimental approach. Microwave-assisted extraction at two different power values, ultrasound-assisted extraction with probe in continuous or pulsed mode with two different extraction times each, ultrasound-assisted extraction in a water bath at two different power values with two different extraction times each and maceration with two different times were used for the extraction. The extraction temperature is an important parameter affecting the thermal degradation of bioactive compounds. We used a constant extraction temperature of 50 °C. Total phenolic and total flavonoid content, antioxidant capacity, phenolic compound profile analysis by LC-QTOF-MS and antimicrobial activity by agar diffusion and broth microdilution methods were determined.
Results and conclusions. The bioactive compounds were found to be significantly affected by the parameters used in each extraction method. The microwave-assisted extraction method was more efficient than the other extraction methods at both power values. This method also required the shortest extraction time. The ultrasound-assisted probe extraction method was the second most efficient method. The type of process, continuous or pulsed, did not affect the results, but shortening the extraction time led to lower results. A longer extraction time of the ultrasound-assisted extraction in a water bath method led to better results, similar to the ultrasound-assisted probe extraction, regardless of the used power. The extracts were highly effective against many opportunistic and pathogenic microorganisms.
Novelty and scientific contribution. This study provides valuable insights into the extraction parameters of different extraction methods to obtain bioactive compounds from artichoke leaves, which could have potential applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
Valor energético del pasto kikuyo (Cenchrus clandestinus) para la producción de leche en el trópico de altura
Authors: Posada Ochoa Sandra Lucía , Bedoya Mazo Sebastian , Angulo Arizala Joaquin , Rosero Noguera Ricardo , Jiménez Montoya Daniela
Published: October 2024

En las zonas altas del trópico de Colombia, el pasto kikuyo (Cenchrus clandestinus) es la opción forrajera predominante. Conocer su valor energético in vivo es fundamental para la formulación de raciones. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron: (i) Determinar la densidad energética del pasto kikuyo en términos de energía digestible (ED), metabolizable (EM) y neta (EN) a partir de pruebas de balance en vacas lecheras de la raza Holstein; (ii) Evaluar el potencial del pasto kikuyo para sostener la producción de leche en animales alimentados mayoritariamente con pasto; (iii) Estimar la tasa de sustitución (TS) del pasto kikuyo, entendida como la reducción en el consumo de pasto cuando se incorpora un suplemento concentrado en la dieta. Se utilizó un diseño transeccional de naturaleza descriptiva, en el cual se emplearon cuatro vacas lactantes con 196 días en lactancia, que diariamente consumieron pasto kikuyo ad libitum (98.4% del consumo total) más 0.3 kg de suplemento/animal/día. Para realizar la partición energética, se cuantificaron las pérdidas energéticas a través de las heces, orina, emisión entérica de metano y producción de calor; además, se determinó la producción de leche con la dieta, basada mayoritariamente en pasto. Al restringir el suplemento concentrado, todos los animales perdieron peso (-2.4%), aumentaron el consumo de materia seca (MS) de pasto (+24.6%), disminuyeron el consumo de MS total (-17.2%) y la producción de leche corregida al 4% de grasa (LCG4, -18.3%). La densidad energética de la dieta en términos de ED y EM fue de 2.78±0.13 y 2.37±0.08 Mcal/kg MS, respectivamente, mientras su contenido de EN fue estimado en 1.39±0.26 Mcal/kg MS. La producción de leche con base en el consumo de pasto, estimada a partir del balance energético, fue 13.20±3.84, fluctuando entre 8.8 y 15.9 kg LCG4/animal/día. La TS fue 0.56±0.10 kg MS de pasto/kg MS de concentrado.
Experiencias de Gestión Cultural Universitaria
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador),   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador),   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador)
Published: October 2024

Estas páginas recogen las memorias del Encuentro de Gestión Cultural Universitaria desarrollado el 17 de octubre del año 2023 en la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, sede Cuenca. El Encuentro ha propiciado el fortalecimiento de una Red de Gestión Cultural Universitaria: un espacio que responde a la necesidad de reflexionar y compartir prácticas que se desarrollan en las universidades y escuelas politécnicas del país. Este texto sintetiza el trabajo de nueve instituciones a nivel nacional que han apostado por mantener y fortalecer estos procesos formativos.
Experiencias de gestión cultural de la Universidad Católica de Cuenca
Authors:   Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Ecuador, Rosas Calbó Gemma
Published: October 2024

La Universidad Católica de Cuenca, sensible a las problemáticas actuales y con una firme apuesta por promover el pensamiento crítico y aportar con soluciones a la sociedad, enfoca el Área de Cultura entendiendo el concepto ‘cultura’ en su sentido amplio, tal como la UNESCO (1982) establece desde el conjunto de rasgos distintivos, espirituales, materiales y afectivos que caracterizan una sociedad o grupo social. El quehacer de un departamento de cultura se vincula, de esta forma, a la idea de que la cultura desempeña un papel esencial en la consecución de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible, especialmente en el 11, cuya finalidad es lograr que las ciudades y los asentamientos humanos sean inclusivos, seguros, resilientes y sostenibles; y aporta en la cuarta meta que exige “redoblar los esfuerzos para proteger y salvaguardar el patrimonio cultural y natural del mundo” (Hosagrahar, 2017). Es así, que la Universidad Católica de Cuenca promueve, desde el Área de Cultura, el desarrollo personal y colectivo desde el enfoque de derechos, intergeneracional y de género, entendiendo la riqueza que suponen las diferentes manifestaciones culturales en el entorno intercultural de Ecuador y del mundo como un aporte clave para la convivencia en paz y la construcción de pensamiento crítico.
Experiencias de la gestión cultural de la Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja
Authors:   Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Ecuador, Sáez Pezo Loreto
Published: October 2024

Las Universidades desempeñan un papel fundamental en el desarrollo social y económico de sus países y entornos. Su contribución se centra en la formación de egresados de alta calidad, así como en el estímulo a la generación de conocimiento y la investigación científica. La influencia de la Universidad en la sociedad está claramente delineada en la Ley Orgánica de Educación Superior (LOES), la cual establece entre sus objetivos la difusión del conocimiento, la promoción de la ciencia, la tecnología, las artes y otras manifestaciones creativas que conducen a un desarrollo integral, destacando siempre el servicio a la sociedad.
Historia de ESPOL Cultural
Authors:   Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Ecuador, Santos Rodríguez Blanca
Published: October 2024

El inicio de la tradición cultural politécnica se remonta al 6 de enero de 1979. Año en el cual surge, durante el rectorado del Ing. Gustavo Galindo, la necesidad de complementar la formación de los politécnicos mediante actividades humanísticas. Es así como, gracias a la gestión de la primera directora del Departamento de Cultura de la ESPOL, Yela Loffredo de Klein, se inaugura uno de los programas más importantes y emblemáticos de la ciudad, los Lunes Culturales de la ESPOL, que se mantiene hasta la actualidad y forma parte de los atractivos de un sector geográfico históricamente relevante para la cultura local. A partir del mismo año, se empezaron a conformar paulatinamente los grupos artísticos que ESPOL Cultural posee hasta la actualidad. Durante 32 años de gestión en la ESPOL, Yela Loffredo, logró consolidar un público para las artes. Presentó sobre el escenario del Aula Magna (Campus Las Peñas de ESPOL) a los mejores artistas de la ciudad, e impulsó la investigación desde el campo de las artes escénicas y musicales.
Efeito dos incentivos fiscais de IPI, ICMS exportação, PIS e Cofins sobre o resultado orçamentário corrente dos municípios
Authors: Miranda Marconi Silva , Abrantes Luiz Antônio , Brunozi Júnior Antônio Carlos , Marques Ferreira Marco Aurélio
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos das políticas de incentivos fiscais, aplicadas simultaneamente sobre o IPI, o ICMS exportação, o PIS e a Cofins, no equilibro orçamentário dos municípios brasileiros. Método: A amostra considerada foi de 5.570 municípios brasileiros, com o uso de dados secundários. A amplitude temporal, delimitada pela disponibilidade dos dados, variou entre os anos de 1999 e 2017. Foram estimados modelos econométricos para dados em painel em etapas. Para instrumentalizar a estimação dos modelos, primeiro testou-se a estacionariedade da série temporal. Depois, aplicou-se o teste de consistência dos estimadores de Durbin-Wu-Hausman para verificar a existência ou não de endogeneidade entre a variável dependente e a variável explicativa. Resultados: Os principais resultados indicaram que em geral as políticas de incentivos fiscais não favoreceram o equilíbrio fiscal das finanças municipais. Contribuições do estudo: O estudo avança e inova, ao analisar o equilíbrio fiscal das finanças públicas dos municípios brasileiros em um cenário de múltiplas políticas de isenções fiscais adotadas simultaneamente. Quanto às implicações para os formuladores de políticas públicas, os resultados indicam que esses atores políticos não têm conhecimento de quão sensível os municípios são diante das manobras políticas e fiscais nos níveis superiores do Governo.
Erken Matematik İnanç ve Güven Ölçeğinin Türkçe ’ye Uyarlanma Çalışması
Authors: Taşkın Necdet , Dağaynası Songül , Ayaz Mahmut
Published: September 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı, okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin erken matematik inanç ve güvenlerini belirlemeye yardımcı olacak bir ölçme aracının Türkçeye uyarlama çalışmasını yapmak ve okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin erken matematik inanç ve güven belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Ölçeğin orijinali Chen, arkadaşları, (2014) tarafından yapılmıştır. 6 farklı okul öncesi eğitim uzmanın görüşleri doğrultusunda son hali verilen ölçek, e-form aracılığıyla uygun örneklem yöntemi kullanılarak Türkiye’nin farklı yerlerindeki 354 Okul Öncesi Öğretmenine ulaştırılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerle Doğrulayıcı ve Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi yapılmıştır. Yapılan analiz sonucuna göre orijinal formdaki 28 maddeden 7 madde çıkarılarak 21 maddeli bir form elde edilmiştir. Ölçme aracının güvenirliğini belirlemek için Cronbach Alpha güvenirlik katsayısı incelenmiş ve üç faktörlü yapının güvenirlik katsayısının 0.95 olduğu görülmüştür. Geçerliği sağlamak için % 27’lik alt ve üst gruplarının ölçekten aldıkları puanların iç ölçüt geçerliğini belirlemek ve toplam puanları arasındaki farkı saptamak için İlişkisiz (Bağımsız) Örneklem T Testi kullanılmıştır. Tüm bu analizler sonucunda uyarlanan ölçeğin Türk kültürüne uygun, güvenilir ve geçerli bir ölçme aracı olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Yapılan ANOVA analiz sonucunda okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin Erken Matematik İnanç ve Güvenlerinin cinsiyetleri ve mesleki kıdemlerine göre anlamlı bir şekilde ayrıştığı; yaş ve eğitim düzeylerine göre önemli bir ayrışmanın olmadığı sonucuna varılmıştır.
MobileMRZNet: Efficient and Lightweight MRZ Detection for Mobile Devices
Authors: Bayar Necmettin , Guzel Kubra , Kumlu Deniz
Published: September 2024

The Machine Readable Zone (MRZ) is a standardized section found on identification documents (IDs) that adhere to the International Civil Aviation Association (ICAO) Document 9303. The MRZ region contains sensitive personal information about the document holder, and a portion of this information is utilized to establish communication between the passive chip within the ID and a mobile device via Near Field Communication (NFC) protocol. This communication is crucial as the data retrieved from the ID's chip is subsequently used in authentication steps such as face or fingerprint recognition. Thus, accurate detection of the personal information within the MRZ region is vital. In this research study, we propose a fast and lightweight approach for MRZ region detection called MobileMRZNet, which is based on the BlazeFace model. The MobileMRZNet architecture is specifically designed for mobile Graphical Processing Units (GPUs) and enables rapid and precise detection of MRZ regions. To train and evaluate the model, a dataset consisting of both simulated and real data was created using Turkish national IDs. The BlazeFace model was reconfigured and trained specifically for MRZ region detection. The detector, based on BlazeFace and trained on augmented real and simulated data, demonstrates excellent generalization capabilities for deployment with real IDs. Both qualitative and quantitative results confirm the superiority of our proposed method. The mean Intersection over Union (IoU) for the first frame, without utilizing any layout alignment for IDs, achieves an accuracy of approximately 81%. For character recognition, the method achieves 100% accuracy after three consecutive frames. The model operates in less than 10 milliseconds on a mobile device, and its size is around 400 KB, making it significantly fast, lightweight, and robust compared to any existing MRZ detection methods.
Determining Fault Location in Transmission Lines Using Differential Equation Algorithms
Authors: Gezegin Cenk
Published: September 2024

A transmission line, in the context of electrical engineering and power systems, is a high-voltage or high-tension line that is used to transmit electrical power over long distances from power generation sources (such as power plants) to substations, where the electricity is then distributed to homes, businesses, and industrial facilities. Transmission lines are the backbone of the electrical grid, serving as the highways for electricity delivery. Their efficient and reliable operation is essential for ensuring that electricity is generated, transmitted, and distributed effectively, meeting the needs of consumers while maintaining grid stability and resilience. Transmission line protection refers to a set of techniques and devices used in electrical power systems to detect and respond to faults or abnormal conditions that can occur in high-voltage transmission lines. These lines are a critical part of the electrical grid and are responsible for transporting electricity over long distances from power generation plants to distribution substations.
This paper proposes a different differential equation algorithm to locate faulty section on transmission lines. As seen from performance curves, the proposed protection algorithm is able to distinguish normal and faulty conditions.
Image-Mining-Based Decision Support Systems: Design Knowledge and its Evaluation in Tool Wear Analysis
Authors:   Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Walk Jannis , Schemmer Max ,   Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kühl Niklas ,   University of Bayreuth, Satzger Gerhard ,   Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
Published: September 2024

Many decision processes are based on image analysis, for instance, medical diagnoses or visual monitoring of industrial processes. At the same time, advances in deep learning have significantly improved information extraction from images. While recent research strongly focuses on extracting information from single images, the potential of mining entire image collections for decision processes has been neglected so far. In this work, we develop design knowledge to use image collections for improved decision-making. We derive design requirements for image-mining-based decision support systems from literature and expert interviews. Drawing on research in image mining and decision support systems, we conceptualize design principles to address the design requirements. Subsequently, we instantiate and evaluate them in the machining industry with the help of an artifact to support tool wear analysis. The results prove the validity of our design knowledge. Our study contributes to research and practice by deriving nascent design knowledge for image-mining-based decision support systems.
Blockchain Technology in Commercial Real Estate: Developing a Conceptual Design for Smart Contracts
Authors:   University of the West of Scotland, Exter Evgeny , Radosavljevic Milan ,   University of Sunderland
Published: September 2024

Commercial real estate transaction processes are inherently complex, multi-faceted, and multifarious due to multiple intermediaries, a high volume of signed documentation, high costs, and the illiquid nature of these transactions. An emerging area in blockchain technology is smart contracts which hold much potential to transform the commercial real estate industry through the digitalization of decentralized business models that ensure transaction transparency and validity. Despite the potential benefits of smart contracts, their use in the commercial real estate industry is at a nascent stage. In response to this gap, this study proposes a novel approach using Ethereum blockchain technology to enable intermediaries to transact in an informationally symmetrical way within an open real estate in Switzerland. The proposed conceptual model employs tokenisation on the blockchain and is developed using the action design science research methodology. The model undergoes several stages of evolution from pre-design, which is validated through expert interviews, to arrive at the final conceptual design. The study identifies key factors that influence the application of blockchain in real estate transactions, namely adoption, governance and compliance, transaction costs, transparency and immutability, security, and scalability. The results indicate that smart contracts have the potential to significantly reduce transaction costs and improve efficiency in the commercial real estate industry.
Creating Value from the Secondary Use of Health Data: International Examples, Best Practices, and Opportunities to Scale
Authors:   Freie Universität Berlin, Schurig Tim , Kari Arthur ,   Freie Universität Berlin, Gubser Rahel ,   Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Gersch Martin ,   Freie Universität Berlin, Wessel Lauri ,   European University Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder), Fürstenau Daniel ,   Freie Universität Berlin, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Published: September 2024

The secondary use of health data is associated with enormous opportunities to improve healthcare efficiency and the creation of novel data-driven value propositions. Information Systems research has recognized this potential and focuses on that topic from various perspectives, such as data-driven value creation through health analytics or data platform ecosystems to facilitate data sharing. However, with emerging regulatory initiatives, such as the European Health Data Space, rules for the secondary use are changing, with implications for researchers, innovators, and healthcare organizations. The outcomes of data value creation efforts are mainly dependent on available data, with the assurance of high data quality remaining a challenge. To discuss how value can be created from the secondary use of health data, what challenges may arise, and how they can be addressed, a workshop on this topic was organized in November 2023, in which 19 academic researchers and 18 practitioners from 27 organizations participated. This workshop report highlights the challenges of and potential solutions for the secondary use of health data. While current Information Systems research often focuses on utilizing Electronic Health Records, the field could be enriched by understanding the secondary use of health data on an individual, organizational, and societal level.
Location Analytics in Information Systems: Opportunities for Research and Teaching
Authors:   Middle Tennessee State University, Erskine Michael A. , Pick James B. ,   University of Redlands, Satpathy Asish ,   Arizona State University, Díaz López Andrés ,   Arizona State University, Sarkar Avijit ,   University of Redlands, Shin Namchul ,   Pace University
Published: September 2024

Location analytics can inform decision-making and long-term strategies in various sectors and industries such as retail, manufacturing, government, defense, transportation, logistics, energy, and utilities for customer experience management, sales, marketing, supply chain optimization, business continuity and resilience, remote monitoring of critical assets, and risk management. Despite organizations gaining a competitive edge through location analytics, its adoption within the academic Information Systems (IS) discipline remains sparse. The absence of spatial methodologies in analytical and behavioral IS research is striking. Furthermore, this lack of integration is evident as spatial problem-solving is scarcely covered in IS curricula, and location data analysis is often relegated as a peripheral skill. Our panel paper delineates the many opportunities location analytics presents for broadening research horizons and enriching IS education. We suggest incorporating location analytics into research by demonstrating how spatial methodologies can bolster IS research rigor. We also explain how integrating location analytics into the IS curricula can prepare students for this growing area of analytics. Foremost, we aim to catalyze a paradigm shift towards more spatially informed IS research and education.
KRİZ DÖNEMLERİNDE OKUL YÖNETİCİLERİNİN MENTORLUK ROLLERİNE YÖNELİK ÖĞRETMEN GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: Polat Hakan , Demirkol Murat , Özdemir Tuncay Yavuz
Published: September 2024

Bu araştırma okul yöneticilerinin mentorluk rollerine yönelik öğretmen görüşlerini incelemektedir. Araştırma pandemi (Covid-19) sürecinde gerçekleştirildiği için kriz dönemi olarak ele alınan bu süreçteki mentorluk rolleri de incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgu bilim deseni ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma grubunun belirlenmesinde olasılıksız örnekleme yöntemleri içinde yer alan amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışma grubunu tezsiz yüksek lisans eğitimi gören 49 öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama amacıyla araştırmacılar tarafından oluşturulan beş açık uçlu soru uzman görüşüne sunularak yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu yerleştirilmiş ve yüz yüze görüşme yapılarak toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgular, okul yöneticilerinin yeni göreve başlayan öğretmenlere destek olma ve mesleki gelişim kazanmaları amacıyla, öğretmen-veli-öğrenci iletişimini artırmak için okulla ilgili her konuda mentorluk yapmaları gerektiği ifade edilmiştir. Okul yöneticilerinin mentorluk konusunda yetersiz olduğu, bunun nedenleri ise iş yoğunluğu, yönetici kriterlerine sahip olmama, iletişim eksikliği ve kişisel gelişim yetersizliği olarak belirtilmiştir. Öğretmenler kriz dönemlerinde uzaktan eğitim, pandemi kriz yönetimi, iletişim, süreç yönetimi gibi konularda destek aldıklarını belirtirken hiç destek almadığını belirtenler de olmuştur. Kriz dönemindeki mentorluk desteğinin sürecin sağlıklı atlatılmasını, motivasyonun artmasını sağlamakla birlikte rehberlik ve psikolojik açıdan da destek sağladığı belirtilmiştir.
INVESTIGATION OF THE VARIETY OF METHODS USED IN VIOLIN TEACHING AND REASONS FOR THEIR USE
Authors: Taşdemir Tuna , Arapgirlioğlu Hasan
Published: September 2024

In this study, in line with the opinions of the instructors conducting violin lessons in conservatories in Turkey, it was aimed to examine the diversity of methods, etudes and caprices used in violin teaching, the ways and reasons for their application in the lesson. In this descriptive study, survey model and qualitative research methods were utilized. The study group of the research consists of 29 instructors who teach violin lessons in conservatories of 12 universities. Data were collected by using the interview technique with the instructors participating in the study and a structured interview form was used in these interviews. The data obtained were analyzed and interpreted using percentage frequency and content analysis methods. The participant opinions related to the themes and sub-themes determined in the research were interpreted by grouping them into codes that meet the appropriate concepts, and the participant opinions corresponding to the codes were presented in the form in which they were obtained. In the study, it was concluded that the methods most frequently used by the instructors in violin lessons were those of Rode, Dont and Kreutzer, Ömer Can Violin Education methods were frequently used among the methods written by Turkish composers and violinists, and the instructors selected certain etudes from the methods for technical acquisition and student needs.
MEDIATION ROLE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL SAFETY IN THE EFFECT OF LEADER-MEMBERS EXCHANGE ON INDIVIDUAL CREATIVITY
Authors: Tatlı Hasan Sadık , Bıyıkbeyi Tuba , Yumaç İrem
Published: September 2024

Leader-member exchange theory argues that positive relationships between employees and leaders will positively contribute to organizations. This research was conducted to determine the effect of leader-member exchange on individual creativity through psychological safety. The research was performed with white-collar employees in various sectors in Istanbul. The study sample consists of 390 white-collar employees, and the data were collected through online survey forms. Mediation models were used to test the hypotheses. According to research findings, leader-member exchange positively affects employees' psychological safety and creativity. Additionally, psychological safety positively affects employees' creativity. Finally, psychological safety has a mediating role in the effect of leader-member exchange on individual creativity. According to the research results, the positive relationships of white-collar employees with their leaders motivate individual creativity by increasing psychological confidence. All research hypotheses were supported. Suggestions have been provided in terms of both practical and theoretical aspects.
MATEMATİK ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ MUHAKEME BECERİLERİ ÖĞRETİMİ ÖZ-YETERLİKLERİ
Authors: Beyazhançer Rümeysa , Demir Barış
Published: September 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, mantıksal akıl yürütme dersini alan matematik öğretmen adaylarının muhakeme becerileri öğretimi öz-yeterlik algı düzeylerindeki değişmeyi incelemektir. Çalışma 2023–2024 eğitim-öğretim yılı güz döneminde matematik öğretmenliği bölümünde öğrenim gören 123 öğrenci ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışma nicel araştırma yaklaşımlarından yarı deneysel tek gruplu öntest-sontest modeline göre yürütülmüştür. Muhakeme becerilerinin öğretimine ilişkin öz yeterlik algılarının belirlenmesi amacıyla veri toplama aracı olarak, Kocagül Sağlam (2019) tarafından geliştirilen “Akıl Yürütme Becerileri Öğretimine Yönelik Öz yeterlik Algısı Ölçeği (AYBÖ)” kullanılmıştır. Ölçek beş alt boyut ve toplam 20 maddeden oluşmaktadır. Orijinal ölçeğin Cronbach alpha güvenirlik katsayısı .947, mevcut çalışmamızda ise ön test için 0.888, son test için ise 0.954 olarak bulunmuştur. Matematik öğretmeni adaylarına dönem başında ve sonunda uygulanan ölçekten elde edilen veriler SPSS 27 programı ile betimsel analiz, eşleştirilmiş örnekler t-testi, bağımsız t-testi ve ANOVA analizleri yapılmıştır. Ayrıca etki değeri büyüklüğü(eta-kare) hesaplanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda matematik öğretmen adaylarının muhakeme becerileri öğretimine yönelik bilgi ve yeterlikleri bağlamında, yüksek öz yeterlik algılarına sahip oldukları ve verilen eğitimin öğretmen adaylarının muhakeme becerileri öğretimine yönelik öz-yeterlik algılarında anlamlı bir farklılığa neden olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Diğer taraftan matematik öğretmen adaylarının akıl yürütme becerileri öğretimi özyeterlik algı düzeylerinin cinsiyet değişkeni için anlamlı bir farklılık göstermediği, akademik başarı durumu açısından ise anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu görülmüştür.