bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Escape from the garden: spreading, effects and traits of a new risky invasive ornamental plant (Gaillardia aristata Pursh)
Authors: Süle Gabriella , Miholcsa Zsombor , Molnár Csaba , Kovács-Hostyánszki Anikó , Fenesi Annamária , Bauer Norbert , Szigeti Viktor
Published: March 2023

Ornamental plants constitute a major source of invasive species.Gaillardia aristata(great blanketflower) is planted worldwide and its escape has been reported in several European countries without ecological impact assessment on the invasive potential. As there is a markedly spreading population with invasive behaviour in Hungary, we aimed to reveal the distribution, impacts and traits ofG. aristata. We gathered occurrence data outside the gardens in Hungary, based on literature, unpublished observations by experts and our own records. We investigated the impacts of an extended population, where the species invaded sandy old-fields within a 25 km2area. Here, we compared the species richness, diversity, community composition and height of invaded and uninvaded vegetation. Furthermore, we evaluated the traits potentially associated with the invasiveness ofG. aristatain comparison with other herbaceous invasive species in the region. We found thatG. aristataoccurred mostly by casual escapes, but naturalised and invasive populations were also detected in considerable numbers.G. aristatausually appeared close to gardens and ruderal habitats, but also in semi-natural and natural grasslands and tended to spread better in sandy soils. We found lower plant species richness and Shannon diversity in the invaded sites and the invasion ofG. aristatasignificantly influenced the composition of the plant community. The trait analyses revealed that the invasive potential ofG. aristatais backed by a wide germination niche breadth, extremely long flowering period, small shoot-root ratio (large absorption and gripping surface), large seeds (longer persistence) and dispersal by epizoochory of grazing livestock (mostly by sheep), probably helping the species’ survival and spreading in the disturbed, species-poor, sandy, open habitats. These functional traits, as well as the ornamental utilisation, may act together with the aridisation of the climate and the changing land-use practices (e.g. abandoned, disturbed sites) in the success ofG. aristata. We raise awareness of the rapid transition ofG. aristatafrom ornamental plant to casual alien and then to invasive species in certain environmental conditions (i.e. sandy soils, species-poor communities, human disturbances), although it seems to be not a strong ecosystem transformer so far. Nonetheless, banning it from seed mixtures, developing eradication strategy and long-term monitoring of this species would be important to halt its spreading in time.
Suisse. Les enjeux de la flexibilisation du temps de travail dans l’industrie des machines, des équipements électriques et des métaux
Authors: Martinelli Aris
Published: March 2023

La flexibilité du temps de travail introduite dans le cadre de la convention collective de travail (CCT) de l’industrie suisse des machines, des équipements électriques et des métaux (MEM) à la suite de la crise économique des années 1990 est un exemple emblématique de la flexibilisation du marché du travail en Suisse. Cet article vise à montrer les effets concrets de ces mesures sur les conditions de travail dans ce secteur très important pour l’économie suisse afin de mettre en évidence les enjeux actuels pour les salarié·es et les syndicats.
Sans père, ou la monoparentalité maternelle ab initio
Authors: de Vriendt-Goldman Claire
Published: March 2023

L’article pose au centre de la réflexion les conséquences psychiques que peut engendrer chez l’enfant l’absence ab initio d’un père, sa conception relevant d’un don de sperme anonyme. L’occasion s’offre de préciser la place du/d’un père, le rôle et le sentiment paternels, ainsi que les identifications qui s’originent à la fois dans la transmission phylogénétique du Père primitif de la horde ainsi que dans la légende personnelle et l’organisation œdipienne de l’enfant. En référence à l’ouvrage de J.M. Hirt, Le socle d’argile, la paternité invite et contribue au renoncement pulsionnel, travail d’ouverture psychique additionnel à celui des refoulements originaires et de l’intégration des interdits, d’autant plus manquant si l’enfant est pris dans l’aliénation dans et par la psyché maternelle. Quel est dès lors l’apport de notre fonction psychique paternelle en séance ?
« Mon père ce héros » : tumulte dans l’(af)filiation chez les jeunes adultes incarcérés
Authors: Blin Mathilde
Published: March 2023

Cet article a pour vocation d’éclairer les remaniements identitaires chez les jeunes adultes incarcérés pour vols, en proie à l’absence paternelle. Nous avons mené une recherche auprès de trente jeunes adultes âgés entre dix-huit et vingt-neuf ans incarcérés pour des vols. Nous nous sommes plus particulièrement intéressés aux processus de filiation et d’affiliation chez ces sujets. Dès lors, nous avons pu mettre en exergue l’impact de la disparition du père, tant physique que psychique, sur la construction de soi. Ainsi, nous proposons dans cet article d’observer les conduites délinquantes sous le prisme de l’absence et des identifications en creux.
Désir d’enfant chez les femmes lesbiennes en Belgique : d’un projet hors normes à un imaginaire très normé ?
Authors: Brancion Laura
Published: March 2023

À l’heure où la recherche a démontré qu’évoluer dans une famille homoparentale n’amène aucune différence significative pour leurs enfants, en comparaison avec ceux issus de familles hétéroparentales, cette recherche s’inscrit dans la continuité des avancées effectuées concernant ces nouvelles familles. Précisément, la littérature s’étant largement intéressée au vécu des enfants en milieu homoparental, peu d’études se sont intéressées au vécu du désir des futurs parents. Par une enquête qualitative auprès de cinq femmes homosexuelles, nous avons investigué le désir d’enfant dans un couple n’ayant pas encore entamé de procédure. L’analyse tend à montrer que les femmes font face à de nombreuses ambivalences, reprises ici, concernant leur future maternité, et tentent de les résoudre par une réflexion permanente. Il a ainsi été possible d’illustrer un potentiel mécanisme leur permettant de trouver une alternative concernant l’importance du biologique dans leur projet parental. C’est au cours de cet article qu’est donc proposé un concept nommé la normalisation imaginaire, comme compromis face au biologique nécessaire tout en le mettant à distance de la parentalité à venir. Ce concept, proposé dans le cadre de ce travail, pourrait être mis à l’épreuve du terrain afin de l’investiguer davantage et d’en cerner toutes les dimensions.
La figure du tiers symboligène et ses avatars dans le handicap mental
Authors: Mathonnat Christine
Published: March 2023

En clinique du handicap mental, là où les apprentissages essentiels en matière d’autonomie sont laborieux voire compromis, le sujet a besoin d’un étayage durable pour prétendre sortir de la dépendance à ses objets. Chez le sujet dit « déficitaire », le risque de l’incestuel existe, qui naît de son entière soumission au Nebenmensch, lors de soins de nursing prolongés. Dans ces lieux de confusion désidentifiante, la dyade mère- infans contrarie l’expérience intersubjective lorsqu’elle expulse la figure d’un tiers symboligène, garante du processus de désaliénation d’un sujet- infans impuissant à conquérir seul un lieu de subjectivité. Si l’institution d’accueil n’y prend garde, le même phénomène se réplique dans l’accompagnement au quotidien du sujet. En articulation à la « fonction mère », nous proposons une réflexion sur la fonction psychique du tiers, « fonction père », sous ses divers aspects, condition sine qua non pour permettre au sujet déficient mental un accès à l’appropriation subjective. Quelques courtes vignettes cliniques de sujets adultes « institutionnalisés » avec traits psychotiques, confrontés au déficit d’un principe régulateur – institutionnel et/ou intra-familial – qui a vocation à barrer la jouissance incestueuse et meurtrière, étaieront notre propos.
Généalogie du masochisme : le sacrifice, au nom d’un père
Authors: Matha Catherine
Published: March 2023

Partant du constat de la violence inhérente à toute conceptualisation et à toute utilisation des concepts, l’article en dévoile la forme radicale prise avec le masochisme, concept élaboré à partir d’une série de désappropriations. Le terme doit son émergence à des histoires de pères et quelques sacrifices, plus ou moins consentis, depuis l’histoire singulière de Sacher-Masoch à son importation dans le champ de la psychiatrie, jusqu’à son élaboration autour du fantasme de fustigation et sa place dans la relation Freud-Anna. Autant de plans qui s’interpellent et se répondent.
Une accessibilité bien ordonnée
Authors: Bodin Romuald , Douat Étienne
Published: March 2023

L’article s’intéresse au nouvel « ordre symbolique » que la loi française du 11 février 2005 (pour l’égalité des droits et des chances, la participation et la citoyenneté des personnes handicapées) et les débats publics qui l’entourent contribuent à constituer ainsi qu’à ses conséquences concrètes en termes d’organisation sociale. L’enjeu est de montrer qu’à l’encontre d’une lecture conventionnelle qui fait de cette loi un point de basculement vers un nouveau modèle du handicap, dont l’accessibilité et le « vivre ensemble » seraient devenus les mots d’ordre, l’ordre symbolique qui s’impose dans les années 2000 est en réalité un instrument de maintien du statu quo et de préservation de l’ordre public.
La conversion religieuse « radicale », de la quête de sens à la pureté retrouvée
Authors: Bentrar Djamel , Zanna Omar
Published: March 2023

Nous proposons dans cette contribution d’interroger les processus menant de jeunes français, résidant dans un quartier enclavé d’une ville française moyenne, à la conversion religieuse « radicale ». Pour ce faire, nous partons du postulat suivant : la conversion à l’islam radical répond à une logique psychosociale mêlant des facteurs individuels et sociétaux. Afin de cerner plus précisément ce phénomène, nous nous sommes appuyés sur une enquête de terrain, basée sur une méthodologie qualitative. Composée d’observations et d’entretiens menés auprès de seize personnes engagées dans un processus de conversion, cette étude permet de structurer le processus en cinq séquences : une quête de sens consécutive à un choc biographique ; une rencontre avec un prosélyte ou un prédicateur ; un engagement dans la « carrière radicale » ; un maintien de l’engagement associé à un renversement de stigmate ; et l’adoption d’une posture prosélyte au djihadisme ou au repentir.
« La peine de mort n’est donc pas un droit. » La décision abolitionniste de Beccaria
Authors: Audegean Philippe , Ippolito Dario
Published: March 2023

Dans Des délits et des peines , Beccaria s’émancipe des présupposés culturels qui soutenaient la légitimité de la peine de mort : l’autorité de la tradition, l’idéologie de la sanction exemplaire, le rétributivisme, l’organicisme, l’identification de l’ennemi et du délinquant. Libéré de ces automatismes intellectuels, il développe un argumentaire abolitionniste fondé sur une nouvelle conception de la peine, envisagée comme instrument de la liberté du citoyen et non comme instrument de pouvoir du souverain. Déduit du modèle individualiste du contrat social, cet argumentaire repose sur un double principe d’économie pénale et de priorité accordée à la protection de la vie. Il débouche sur une inversion du paradigme pénal de la guerre : aux yeux de Beccaria, c’est l’exécution capitale et non le crime qui est un acte de guerre.
La justice patibulaire dans le doute beccarien. Esquisse d’une philosophie abolitionniste
Authors: Porret Michel
Published: March 2023

Sous l’Ancien Régime, le droit de punir est « patibulaire », car l’échafaud et les peines corporelles sont au cœur des pratiques répressives. Or, au temps des Lumières, la critique de la « justice patibulaire » mène Beccaria à penser l’abolition définitive de la mort pénale. Il affirme que la peine de mort est moins un droit qu’un acte de barbarie étatique, car elle n’est ni préventive, ni correctrice. Le doute beccarien met définitivement hors jeu la rétribution pénale, incompatible avec l’État libéral et le devenir des Lumières.
Les femmes aussi…
Authors: Royer Jean-Pierre
Published: March 2023

Dans un ouvrage sur la peine de mort, il est apparu indispensable de consacrer une réflexion aux femmes qui, entre le xviii e et le xx e siècle, ont dû affronter ce même supplice, pour connaître les raisons et les motifs de leurs gestes par rapport à ceux des hommes, les moyens et méthodes mis en œuvre, les juridictions saisies et les sanctions prononcées, leurs attitudes face à la mort et celles du public assistant aux procès et aux exécutions, celles aussi des bourreaux, en somme s’il existe une spécificité de la criminalité féminine, autant dans l’acte que dans ses conséquences.
Le dernier condamné à mort en France
Authors: Salas Denis
Published: March 2023

Après l’étude du dossier du dernier condamné à mort en France, en 1977, cet article analyse le témoignage longtemps resté confidentiel d’une magistrate ayant assisté à cette exécution, Monique Mabelly. Il est complété par une double contextualisation politique et judiciaire, afin de comprendre dans quelles conditions cet homme a été exécuté et pourquoi il est le dernier à l’avoir été avant l’abolition de la peine de mort par la loi du 9 octobre 1981.
La peine de mort, une atteinte abominable à la dignité humaine
Authors: Petit Jean-François
Published: March 2023

La lutte contre la peine de mort est inachevée. À partir des analyses d’Albert Camus, on peut actualiser les fausses justifications de son maintien, en montrant sa puissance de déshumanisation. Il est aujourd’hui nécessaire de mieux tenir compte des mobiles et des contextes culturels, tout autant que la gouvernementalité des États non abolitionnistes. Le réflexe humaniste doit être complété par la réflexion sur des formes de construction de sociétés justes, plus centrées sur la prévention que la répression par la peine de mort.
Quel exercice d’humanité face à la peine de mort ?
Authors: Leblanc Cathy
Published: March 2023

Quel est le sens véritable de la peine de mort ? Pourquoi la peine capitale pour rétablir un tort, fût-il immense ? Dans cet article, nous essayerons de comprendre ce que représente cette peine en en recherchant les tenants jusque dans l’Antiquité. Au terme de cette enquête, nous comprendrons que la peine de mort est une forme accomplie de torture et qu’elle fut, en sa forme actuelle, précédée de pratiques relevant de la plus cruelle des barbaries. La question qui subsiste est la suivante : comment peut-on garder cette pratique et son appartenance dans nos démocraties quand la peine de mort abandonne toute velléité de réhumanisation.
Les États-Unis sur le chemin de l’abolition ?
Authors: Grivet Simon
Published: March 2023

Un demi-siècle après une abolition judiciaire ratée, les signes d’un déclin de la peine de mort aux États-Unis se multiplient. On dénombre de moins en moins d’exécutions et de condamnations à mort. La majorité des juridictions ont aboli la peine de mort. Cette évolution fragile s’explique par les débats suscités par les erreurs judiciaires, le racisme systémique dans la justice, les exécutions ratées, l’essor de la perpétuité réelle et la question du coût de la peine de mort. Une abolition complète est possible à moyen terme, mais elle implique des victoires politiques toujours difficiles quand les inquiétudes vis-à-vis de la criminalité redeviennent importantes.
Poursuivre la lutte contre l’impunité des crimes de masse, près de 30 ans après le génocide des Tutsi au Rwanda
Authors: Saint Georges Marie-Ève
Published: March 2023

Poser la question des perspectives dans les relations entre la France et le Rwanda semble aujourd’hui évident. Le temps des polémiques laisse progressivement la place à la pédagogie. Les travaux académiques ont permis de trouver des clés de compréhension pour se saisir du crime de génocide. Que ce soit du côté belge comme du côté français, le politique s’est souvent appuyé sur des travaux parlementaires, des commissions créées au lendemain d’évènements très médiatisés. Si les perceptions changent quant au rôle ainsi qu’aux responsabilités, la lutte contre l’impunité reste au centre des démarches des victimes, notamment après la remise au président Emmanuel Macron du rapport sur la France, le Rwanda et le génocide des Tutsi (1990-1994).
Nathalie Tremblay : la grande aventure humaine
Authors: Auger Claudine , Nadeau Émilie
Published: March 2023

C’est à la Société de l’assurance automobile du Québec (SAAQ), qu’elle a dirigée pendant une douzaine d’années, que Nathalie Tremblay a passé la majeure partie de sa carrière. La jeune retraitée, qui a toujours fait l’unanimité par sa réputation irréprochable et sa capacité à générer des résultats, partage son expérience du secteur public.
Gérer des humains et non des ressources
Authors: Letarte Martine
Published: March 2023

La gestion des ressources humaines s’est professionnalisée au cours des dernières années avec l’utilisation de mesures de performance. Mais, plus que jamais, les entreprises peinent à attirer et à garder leurs employés. Et si on commençait à gérer des humains plutôt que des ressources ?
Comment la fonction RH se transforme-t-elle ?
Authors: Gril Emmanuelle
Published: March 2023

Les gestionnaires en ressources humaines ont été sollicités de toutes parts depuis le début de la pandémie. Malgré le retour à une relative normalité, les défis ne manquent pas, alors que le mode de travail hybride et la pénurie de main-d’œuvre contribuent à changer la donne. Bilan des trois dernières années et perspectives d’avenir.
Le leadership, une énergie qui circule
Authors: Auger Claudine
Published: March 2023

Lorsqu’il est question de leadership, définir celui-ci d’entrée de jeu permet de parler le même langage. Pour Cyrille Sardais , titulaire de la Chaire de leadership Pierre-Péladeau à HEC Montréal, cet exercice est déjà, en soi, fort complexe ! Il partage avec nous sa réflexion sur le sujet, une pensée qui évolue sans cesse.
Correspondance et genèse
Authors: Nguyen Giang-Huong
Published: March 2023

Dans les archives de la famille de Marcelino Trương, célèbre illustrateur et auteur de romans graphiques, nous avons trouvé des lettres que sa grand-mère maternelle, madame Denise Horel, a reçues de Phạm Duy Khiêm concernant la préparation du roman Nam et Sylvie, ainsi que deux tapuscrits de ce récit. Nous nous proposons d’étudier le dossier génétique de Nam et Sylvie et d’analyser l’étape de finalisation par laquelle Phạm Duy Khiêm est passé, en confrontant les cent vingt lettres de l’écrivain envoyées à son amie et les deux dactylogrammes qu’elle a conservés.
Émile, frère de Paul
Authors: Copin Henri
Published: March 2023

Émile Bonnetain est le frère inconnu de Paul Bonnetain, qui est l’un des premiers auteurs sur l’Indochine, et a dédicacé à son frère Émile un livre, L’Extrême-Orient, en 1887.Émile a fait sa carrière dans l’administration coloniale, en Annam et au Tonkin, entre 1886 et 1909, date de sa retraite. Il a laissé un manuscrit de quelques 350 pages intitulé Souvenirs du Tonkin, 1886-1909, écrit généralement dans un style plutôt vif et piquant. C’est l’une de ses descendantes qui a contacté Roger Little, fondateur et directeur de la collection « Autrement Mêmes » à l’Harmattan. L’œuvre va prochainement paraître dans cette collection. Émile Bonnetain est certes moins connu que son frère, mais 350 pages et 250 photos de documents trouvés aux ANOM nous incitent à découvrir ce personnage et à examiner sa place dans la littérature coloniale indochinoise. Par ce travail, nous essaierons de tracer le rapport entre l’écriture des Français d’Indochine et l’écriture des auteurs viêtnamiens francophones.
Improving Coronary Artery Disease Prediction
Authors: Henni Fouad , Atmani Baghdad , Atmani Fatiha , Saadi Fatima
Published: March 2023

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the number one cause of death globally. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common form of CVDs. Abundant research works propose decision support systems for CAD early detection. Most of proposed solutions have their origins in the realm of machine learning and datamining. This paper presents two solutions for CAD prediction. The first solution optimizes a random forest model (RFM) through hyperparameters tuning. The second solution uses a case-based reasoning (CBR) methodology. The CBR solution takes advantage of feature importance to improve the execution time of the retrieve step in the CBR cycle. The experimentations show that the RFM outperformed most recent published models for CAD diagnosis. By reducing the number of attributes, the CBR solution improves the execution time and also performs very well in terms of diagnosis accuracy. The performance of the CBR solution is intended to be enhanced because CBR is a learning methodology.
Produção, circulação e método de leitura e escrita na Cartilha da infância de Thomaz Galhardo
Authors: Alcanfor Lucilene Rezende
Published: March 2023

O artigo se propõe a analisar a Cartilha da infância de Thomaz Galhardo, atentando para os aspectos de produção, edição, circulação e método de alfabetização proposto neste livro que foi editado do século XIX até o final do século XX, atingindo mais de cem anos de edição. A análise é resultado de uma pesquisa sobre a história das edições escolares, na qual reconstituímos a trajetória de uma cartilha de longa duração, escrita por um professor primário paulista que fez parte de uma geração de autores de livros didáticos do período que se tornou conhecido pelo sucesso editorial dessa obra, responsável pela alfabetização de várias gerações de brasileiros. Essa cartilha revela a permanência de uma tradição escolar sustentada pela escolha do autor pelo método silábico para o ensino da leitura e da escrita.
Effectiveness of donor notification and counseling of HIV-reactive donors in a tertiary care hospital from North India: An audit
Authors: Bansal Divya , Diwaker Preeti , Gogoi Priyanka , Singh Malvika , Singh Anil Kumar , Singh Bharat
Published: March 2023

INTRODUCTION:

Blood banks are responsible for notification and counseling of the reactive donors besides screening for transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs). Donor notification and counseling is essential to protect the health of the donor by early clinical intervention and to prevent secondary transmission of infection.

AIM:

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-reactive donor notification and counseling in a tertiary care center.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

An audit of the records of HIV-reactive donors over 2 years was conducted. The response rate of HIV-reactive donors on notification about reactive HIV status for one-to-one counseling was evaluated. Their attendance at an integrated counseling and testing center (ICTC) and compliance at an antiretroviral therapy (ART) clinic were also assessed.

RESULTS:

Out of 60,907 total donations, 124 (0.2%) donors were HIV reactive. One hundred and eleven were informed about their reactive status and the rest 13 could not be informed due to wrong demographic details in donor registration form. Eighty-seven (78%) reactive donors were informed by phone and the rest 24 (22%) were informed by confidential letter. Of the 111 informed donors, 62 (55.8%) came for one-to-one counseling (responders). Fifty-one (82.2%) responders visited ICTC after postdonation counseling. Over 6-month follow-up, 20/62 (32.2%) reactive donors were undergoing ART.

CONCLUSION:

The response rate of the donors to the notification and further receiving treatment is low in developing countries. Predonation screening and counseling by a trained counselor should be strengthened upon. Education of the donors about the TTIs can improve their knowledge and allay their anxiety.
Identifying cerebral microstructural changes in patients with COVID-19 using MRI
Authors: Alhazmi Fahad H. , Alsharif Walaa M. , Alshoabi Sultan Abdulwadoud , Gameraddin Moawia , Aloufi Khalid M. , Abdulaal Osama M. , Qurashi Abdualziz A.
Published: March 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an epidemic viral disease caused by a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Despite the excessive number of neurological articles that have investigated the effect of COVID-19 on the brain from the neurological point of view, very few studies have investigated the impact of COVID-19 on the cerebral microstructure and function of the brain. The aim of this study was to summarize the results of the existing studies on cerebral microstructural changes in COVID-19 patients, specifically the use of quantitative volumetric analysis, blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD), and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, Semantic Scholar, and Google Scholar from December 2020 to April 2022. A well-constructed search strategy was used to identify the articles for review. Seven research articles have met this study's inclusion and exclusion criteria, which have applied neuroimaging tools such as quantitative volumetric analysis, BOLD, and DTI to investigate cerebral microstructure changes in COVID-19 patients. A significant effect of COVID-19 was found in the brain such as hypoperfusion of cerebral blood flow, increased gray matter (GM) volume, and reduced cortical thickness. The insula and thalamic radiation were the most frequent GM region and white matter tract, respectively, that are involved in SARS-CoV-2. COVID-19 was found to be associated with changes in cerebral microstructures. These abnormalities in brain areas might lead to be associated with behaviors, mental and neurological alterations that need to be considered carefully in future studies.
Incorporation of plasma Vitamin C levels to modified nutritional risk in critically ill score as the novel Vitamin C nutritional risk in critically ill score in sepsis subjects as an early predictor of multidrug-resistant bacteria
Authors: Rao Shwethapriya , Maradi Ravindra , Gupta Nitin , Asok Arjun , Chaudhuri Souvik , Bhatt Margiben Tusharbhai , Maddani Sagar Shanmukhappa
Published: March 2023

Background:

On intensive care unit (ICU) admission, it is difficult to predict which patient may harbor multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. MDR is the nonsusceptibility of bacteria to at least one antibiotic in three or more antimicrobial categories. Vitamin C inhibits bacterial biofilms, and its incorporation into the modified nutritional risk in critically ill (mNUTRIC) scores may help predict MDR bacterial sepsis early.

Methods:

A prospective observational study was conducted on adult subjects with sepsis. Plasma Vitamin C level was estimated within 24 h of ICU admission, and it was incorporated into the mNUTRIC score (designated as Vitamin C nutritional risk in critically ill [vNUTRIC]). Multivariable logistic regression was performed to determine if vNUTRIC was an independent predictor of MDR bacterial culture in sepsis subjects. The receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted to determine the vNUTRIC cutoff score for predicting MDR bacterial culture.

Results:

A total of 103 patients were recruited. The bacterial culture-positive sepsis subjects were 58/103, with 49/58 culture-positive subjects having MDR. The vNUTRIC score on ICU admission in the MDR bacteria group was 6.71 ± 1.92 versus 5.42 ± 2.2 in the non-MDR bacteria group (P = 0.003, Independent Student's t-test). High vNUTRIC score ≥6 on admission is associated with MDR bacteria (P = 0.042 Chi-Square test), and is a predictor of MDR bacteria (P = 0.003, AUC 0.671, 95% confidence interval [0.568–0.775], sensitivity 71%, specificity 48%). Logistic regression showed that the vNUTRIC score is an independent predictor of MDR bacteria.

CONCLUSION

High vNUTRIC score (≥6) on ICU admission in sepsis subjects is associated with MDR bacteria.
Post-COVID-19 Mucormycosis
Authors: Mankar Nikhil , Burde Karuna , Nikhade Pradnya , Chandak Manoj , Ikhar Anuja , Rajnekar Rutuja
Published: March 2023

In India, thousands of COVID-19 patients are suffering from mucormycosis, a deadly fungal infection. Mucormycosis is an infection caused by a group of filamentous molds belonging to the order Mucorales and class Zygomycetes. Typically, mucormycosis is called black fungus disease. The infection primarily affects diabetics and immunocompromised patients. Infections caused by this fungal infection can be divided into four types: rhino-orbito-cerebral, cutaneous, disseminated, pulmonary, and gastrointestinal types. The mortality rate is higher even when aggressive treatment has been administered once it is detected or diagnosed. A multimodal approach to mucormycosis management involves reversing or discontinuing the predisposing factors, administering active antifungal agents at optimal doses, removing all infected tissues, and employing adjuvant therapy. The purpose of this review is to provide brief details related to the etiopathogenesis, fatality, diagnosis, and treatment of mucormycosis.
Association of Placental Weight With Birth Weight, Gestational Age, and Risk Factors Related to Maternal Morbidity, Diet, Activity, and Rest
Authors: Pratinidhi Asha K. , Salunkhe Avinash H. , Salunkhe Jyoti A. , Kakade Satish V. , Patil Nanada , Kshirsagar Nitin S.
Published: March 2023

Background:

Placental weight and its relationship to infant size at birth have been studied for more than a century.[1] A low placental weight is associated with the medical complications in the mother.[2] The risk of essential hypertension in adult life falls with increasing birth weight and rises with increasing placental weight and that the mothers at highest risk are those with a high placental weight relative to birth weight-that is, a high placental ratio.[3]

Aims/Objective:

To study association of placental weight with birth weight, gestational age and maternal morbidity, diet, activity and rest.

Settings and Design / Methods and Material:

A cohort of 1876 apparently healthy pregnant women registered and attending antenatal clinic of Krishna Hospital was studied to find out the correlation of the placental weight with the LBW and preterm births and their association with selected maternal risk factors.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Correlation (r), Chi-square test, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Boneferroni test, Unpaired 't' test, were used.

Results:

There was a statistically significant association of the mean placental weight with the mean birth weight and proportion of LBW of the baby as indicated by ANOVA test. (F= 29.627; p<0.001) and (χ2 =102.6; p<0.001) respectively. There was a statistically significant association of the mean placental weight with the mean gestational period of the baby and proportion of the preterm births as indicated by ANOVA test. (F= 7.694; p<0.001) and (χ2=18.377;p<0.001) respectively. Daily frequency of meals < 4, antenatal morbidity of preeclampsia, PIH and APH were associated with lesser placental weight.

Conclusion:

There was a significant association of placental weight with birth weight, gestational age, maternal morbidity and frequency of maternal meals.
Comparison of Surgically Induced Astigmatism and Visual Outcome in 5.5 mm and 4.5 mm Superior Scleral Incision in Small-Incision Cataract Surgery
Authors: Walavalkar Ruta , Tidake Pravin , Daigavane Sachin
Published: March 2023

Background:

Comparative study of visual outcome and astigmatism between manual small-incision cataract surgery (MSICS) done through a 5.5 mm and 4.5 mm superior scleral incision.

Aim:

The aim of this study is to compare the visual outcome and astigmatism in manual small-incision cataract with superior scleral incision size of 4.5 mm and 5.5 mm.

Settings and Design:

This is a hospital-based, prospective, case–control observational study of 6-month duration; 110 eyes of 110 patients with cataract attending the ophthalmology outpatient department/inpatient department at Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital were selected for the study after taking the inclusion and exclusion criteria into consideration. Informed consent was obtained from all participants after approval by the institutional ethical committee of the college.

Materials and Methods:

After enrollment, the patients were divided into two groups, one which underwent cataract extraction by MSICS with 4.5 mm superior scleral incision and the other which underwent cataract extraction by MSICS with 5.5 mm superior scleral incision. All surgeries were done by the same surgeon under the same setting and visual outcome and astigmatism were studied and compared between the two groups.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Statistical analysis was carried out using descriptive and inferential statistics using Chi-square test and Student's unpaired t-test and software used in the analysis was SPSS 17.0 version and GraphPad 6.0 version and P < 0.05 is considered a level of statistical significance.

Results:

Surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) in MSICS with 4.5 mm superior scleral incision was comparatively less as compared to that in patients in whom 5.5 mm incision was used.

Conclusions:

In the present study, we found that MSICS with 4.5 mm scleral incision has a better visual prognosis for cataract extraction as compared to conventional extracapsular cataract extraction in terms of better and early visual rehabilitation and lesser SIA.
Unusual Presentation of Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma of Nasopharynx
Authors: Aroor Rajeshwary , Ravikumar Aishwarya , Shetty Vijith Vittal , Bhat Vadisha Srinivas , Saldanha Marina , Sinha Devika
Published: March 2023

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive form of lymphoma with good survival if treated promptly and under appropriate management modalities. The extranodal occurrence of DLBCL in the head and neck region is uncommon in children. Diagnosis is often delayed when the presentation is atypical, especially involving unusual sites. This is a report of a 13-year-old child who presented with a headache. He had a history of infectious mononucleosis 1 year ago, diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration cytology of the cervical lymph node. Imaging studies showed a lesion in the nasopharynx extending to the parapharyngeal space. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy showed a smooth mass in the left nasal cavity, which was biopsied and diagnosed as DLBCL on histopathology and immunohistochemistry. He was treated with chemotherapy; however, the disease did not respond to the treatment. We emphasize that headaches in a young boy necessitating frequent visits to medical practitioners should not be ignored but evaluated thoroughly.
Comparative Efficacy of Nonnicotine Replacement Therapy (Homeopathy Medicine) and Placebo With Behavioral Counseling on Tobacco Abstinence Among Adult Tobacco Users in Pune
Authors: Bomble Nikhil , Shetiya Sahana Hegde , Gandhi Vipul , Agarwal Dipti
Published: March 2023

Background:

In India, tobacco is used in various forms, leading to an addictive behavioral disorder. Usually the homeopathy medicines are considered to be free from any side effects. The employees of a bus depot were addicted to tobacco and were contemplating on giving up the habit.

Aim and Objective:

To compare the effectiveness of non nicotine replacement therapy with behavioural councelling and placebo with behavioural councelling in tobacco abstinence at 6th and 12th month.

Material and Methods:

A triple blind, parallel group, placebo controlled, randomized clinical trial was conducted amongst 51 workers of bus workshop. Demographic data was recorded. Tobacco dependency was assessed using Fagerstrom questionnaire; Oral mucosa condition, CPI and LOA was recorded using WHO oral health assessment form 1997 and stains on teeth surfaces was recorded by Lobene stain index (1968). The intervention group received homeopathy medicine, control group received placebo and both groups received behavioural counseling and were followed up to 12 months.

Results:

Tobacco abstinence was seen in both the groups, but there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups at the end of six and twelfth month (p>0.05). The mean reduction in the frequency of tobacco consumption and the dependency score within both the groups was statistically significant (p=0.00). The intervention and the control group helped 6 Vs 5 participants to abstain from the habit.

Conclusion:

Homeopathy medication ie. Tabaccum, Avena Sativa, Nux Vomica, Staphysagria, Caladium have shown to be beneficial in tobacco cessation.
Entropy Detects Cerebral Hypoperfusion During Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Authors: Sonkusale Manishkumar Ishwar , Shankar Shilpa , Panbude Prasad , Chaudhari Mangesh S
Published: March 2023

Background:

Hypotension during off pump coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is commonly due to positioning of the heart or due to intraoperative ischemia, but sometimes, it is deliberate and controlled during aortic clamping. Due to hypotension, the risk of cerebral hypoperfusion or stroke is high during CABG surgery in patients with bilateral carotid artery stenosis.

Methods:

Various cerebral monitoring techniques are recommended to detect cerebral hypoperfusion during CABG.

Results:

Entropy is used for the assessment of depth of anesthesia. In our patient for CABG with associated bilateral carotid artery disease, entropy helped in timely detection of cerebral hypoperfusion.

Conclusion:

The best management approach of carotid artery disease associated with coronary artery disease still remains debatable.
Mucormycosis and COVID-19
Authors: Oberoi Sukhvinder Singh , Rastogi Sweta , Saxena Sushmita , Grover Shibani , Reche Amit
Published: March 2023

There has been an increasing propensity of opportunistic fungal infections such as mucormycosis occurring in COVID-19 patients. It is imperative that we are aware of clinical presentation, rate of spread of mucormycosis and prescribes medications such as corticosteroids judiciously, especially in severely ill patients, and uncontrolled diabetics with ketoacidosis.
Prosthetic Rehabilitation of a Post-COVID Mucormycosis Exenterated Orbital Defect with a Two-Piece Hollow Orbital Prosthesis
Authors: Kapadia Archit , Wate Shubhangi Rajesh , Wankhade Sattyam , Khalikar Arun , Deogade Suryakant
Published: March 2023

Fabrication of an orbital prosthesis for an exenterated defect caused due to post-COVID mucormycosis has always been a challenging area for a prosthodontist wherein it is very difficult to meet the patient's expectations. To fulfill the esthetic and retentive demand of prosthesis, the cost of the treatment and the complexity of the case should be considered meticulously. This case report describes the fabrication of a hollow two-piece orbital prosthesis where retention was derived from natural undercuts and magnets.
Role of Ultrasonography, Doppler, and Elastography in the Evaluation of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma of the Neck with Pathological Correlation
Authors: Harshith Gowda K. B. , Phatak Suresh V. , Jain Soumya , Manoj Megha
Published: March 2023

Non-Hodgkins lymphoma involves lymph nodes which show a characteristic micronodular (reticulated) pathognomonic pattern on sonography. We are presenting sonography, Doppler, and strain elastography findings with pathological correlation in a 65-year-old patient with posterior neck lymphadenopathy.
Status of Biochemical and Hematological Changes in Pregnant Malaria Patients and Pregnant Nonmalaria Women
Authors: Goswami Asoke Kumar
Published: March 2023

Background:

Malaria, a condition that affects immunological responsiveness, appears to interfere with immune processes during pregnancy. During pregnancy, females are especially vulnerable to illnesses, which can have catastrophic repercussions for both the mother and the fetus.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 64 participants out of which 32 pregnant nonmalaria participants in Group A and 32 pregnant malaria participants in Group B. The study included participants between 20 and 42 years of age. Participants presenting with the symptoms of malaria such as headache, fever, weakness, and nausea were included.

Results:

The hematological parameters among the study participants. The mean transferrin level in Group A and Group B was 3.42 ± 1.26 and 4.86 ± 2.37 [Figure 1]. There was a significant difference between the two groups. The total iron-binding capacity and serum iron also showed a significant difference between the two groups. The transferrin saturation in Group A was 25.6 ± 8.51 and in Group B was 26.24 ± 5.61. There was no significant difference in the transferrin saturation and hemoglobin levels between the groups.

Conclusion:

Hematological and biochemical indicators may be effective in detecting malaria in pregnant women with parasites deep in tissues that are difficult to identify using a microscope.
Oral Vesicular Eruptions of Viral Origin in Children - A Medical Management Update
Authors: Kadarikota Arunajyothi , Priyanka Jampani Nancy , Prabhat Thirupathi Sai , Chowdhary Avanti , Chaitanya Nallan C. S. K. , Ratna Marikanti Potha , Sowmya Bodakunta Sai , Vaishnavi Chinthireddy , Sharanya Kondra Sai , Humaira
Published: March 2023

The oral cavity provides an environment for the growth of various microorganisms. Occasionally, these microorganisms become pathologic and cause infections. Children are more susceptible to viral, bacterial, and fungal infections due to immature immune system. The clinical presentation of various viral infections in children is discussed in this article. This will provide a broader overview of the disease and their manifestations to the pediatrician for better diagnosis and management.
Rapid assessment of NCD services rollout in Health and Wellness Centres in North-Eastern Indian state: A cross- sectional study
Authors: Hannah Erin , Dumka Neha , Bora Devajit , Roy Ashoke K. , Kotwal Atul
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

The creation of health and wellness centres (HWCs) to deliver comprehensive primary healthcare (CPHC) is a programmatic response to the changing demographic and epidemiological profile in India. Since the north-eastern (NE) states face distinct challenges to routine healthcare services, and it has been two years since the rollout of non-communicable disease (NCD) services through the HWCs, a rapid assessment of the rollout with respect to all components of CPHC was undertaken in the NE state of Manipur.

Methods:

The assessment was undertaken using a mixed methodology to assess the rollout of NCD services under CPHC based on the functionality criteria of HWCs. The districts and the facilities were sampled purposively using pre-defined criteria. Primary data were collected using adapted pre-tested semi-structured tools and an interview schedule, which were triangulated with facility-based records and field observations. The data were anonymized, analysed thematically and presented under the domains of CPHC.

Results:

The assessment aided in identifying progress and challenges in the rollout of NCD services through the HWCs. Overall, the initiative was successful in generating demand and community awareness of the expanded range of services at the primary level. Yet, constraints posed by infrastructural gaps, logistical delays, training gaps, fund flow and weak community-level convergence compounded by the COVID-19 pandemic challenged seamless NCD service delivery.

Conclusion:

In as much as the attainment of universal health coverage is dependent on NCD prevention and control, the rollout of NCD services is dependent on strong institutional structures, especially at the primary level. The assessment highlights the need to strengthen the HWCs through adequate financing, human resources, logistics for medicines and technology, community participation, citizen engagement and change management.
MR“I”: An “eye” for the preoperative diagnosis of ectopic molar pregnancy, a case report
Authors: Swamy Sujith Rajashekar , Swamy Meghana Rajashekara , Samanvitha H. , Elsayed Sara
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Hydatidiform mole (complete and partial), invasive mole, choriocarcinoma, placental site trophoblastic disease, and epithelioid trophoblastic tumour constitute the spectrum of benign and malignant gestational trophoblastic disease[1] Invasive mole, choriocarcinoma, placental site trophoblastic disease, and epithelioid trophoblastic tumour also classify under gestational trophoblastic neoplasia.[1] The prevalence of molar pregnancy shows great worldwide variation with reported rates of 12 per 1,000 pregnancies in Indonesia, India, and Turkey; one to two per 1,000 pregnancies in Japan and China; and 0.5 to one per 1,000 pregnancies in North America and Europe.[1] Ectopic pregnancy, which is primarily tubal, is the leading cause of first trimester maternal mortality.[2] Diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy is a combinatorial analysis of clinical signs and symptoms; beta-hCG trends; and ultrasonography.[2] Since ectopic gestations cause maternal deaths, the decisive role of the diagnostic test employed measured by its discriminative potential for a reliable preoperative diagnosis is paramount.[2] Although ultrasonography demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing ectopic gestations, inconsistencies in sonographic identification have been known to occur.[2] Particularly, ultrasonography suffers from limitations such as specifying the exact location of infrequent extrauterine presentations and identifying ectopic gestations with atypical features.[2] Molar pregnancies that are largely known to be placental in location have a known but rare potential for extrauterine proliferation.[3] Ectopic molar gestations are rare with only more than a hundred reported cases in scientific literature.[4] Our case delineates this uncommon entity and the superiority of magnetic resonance imaging in terms of diagnostic performance in characterizing the gestational mass over ultrasonography. This is pertinent considering the need to differentiate an ectopic molar pregnancy from an ectopic pregnancy without molar tissue because the potential for malignancy in the former atypical form is akin to that of an intrauterine molar pregnancy.[4]
Sexual dysfunction and divorce in Iran: A systematic review
Authors: Daneshfar Fatemeh , Keramat Afsaneh
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

One of the causes of dissatisfaction between couples is sexual dysfunction that sometimes leads to divorce. The present systematic study was conducted to evaluate the factors affecting sexual dysfunction and divorce in Iran.

Method:

A comprehensive search, including keywords of sexual dysfunction, emotional divorce, breakaway, separation, conflict, and Iran, was conducted on the databases of Scopus, MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Magiran, IranMedex, and SID. Out of the total number of reviewed articles, 16 articles met the inclusion criteria. No time limit was considered for our research and all published articles up to November 2021 were reviewed.

Results:

Based on the results of the present study, in all of the reviewed articles, sexual problems and dissatisfaction were among the effective factors in the occurrence or request of a formal divorce or an emotional divorce. The data also demonstrated that weakness in arousal and sexual desire, weakness in sexual function, sexual disorders, orgasm problems, and pain were among the problems of people on the verge of divorce.

Conclusion:

Due to the importance of this issue, recognizing the effective and influential factors of divorce is one of the priorities of mental health. Dissatisfaction with sexual relations in both or one of the spouses is found to be one of the most important factors involved in divorce. If there are problems such as sexual dysfunction between the couples, they may still live together due to cultural and social conditions; however, they may experience emotional divorce. Therefore, there is an urgent need for effective counseling and treatment programs in this regard.