bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deep Belief Networks for Fingerprinting Indoor Localization Using Ultrawideband Technology
Authors: Luo Junhai , Gao Huanbin
Published: January 2016

With the increasing requirement of localization services in indoor environment, indoor localization techniques have drawn a lot of attention. In recent years, fingerprinting localization techniques have been proved to be effective in indoor localization tasks. Due to the complexity and variability of indoor environment, some traditional geometric localization techniques based on time of arrival (TOA), received signal strength (RSS), or direction of arrival (DOA) may cause big position errors. Unlike common geometric localization methods, fingerprinting localization techniques estimate the position of target by creating a pattern matching model or regression model for the measurement. Therefore, a suitable learning model is the key of a fingerprinting location system. This paper presents a fingerprinting based localization technique using deep belief network (DBN) and ultrawideband (UWB) signals in an office environment. Some location-dependent parameters extracted from channel impulse response (CIR) are used as signatures to build the fingerprinting database. The construction of DBN which is based on the fingerprinting database is also discussed in this paper. Experiment results show that, with appropriate fingerprinting database and model structure, the location system can get desired accuracy.
Bubble CPAP Support after Discontinuation of Mechanical Ventilation Protects Rat Lungs with Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury
Authors: Wu Chun Shan , Chou Hsiu Chu , Huang Liang Ti , Lin Yen Kuang , Chen Chung Ming
Published: January 2016

Background: Bubble continuous positive airway pressure (BCPAP) has been used in neonates with respiratory distress for decades, but its lung-protective effect and underlying mechanism has not been investigated. Objectives: To test the hypothesis that BCPAP use after extubation decreases lung injury and that alterations to lung nitric oxide synthase (NOS) 3 expression may be one of the underlying mechanisms. Methods: We compared gas exchange, lung injury severity, and lung NOS expression among rats with ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) treated with either BCPAP or spontaneous breathing. After high tidal volume ventilation for 30 min, the rats were randomly divided to three groups: a control group underwent spontaneous breathing (n = 7), and two BCPAP groups were treated with the bubble technique with either a 2.5-mm-diameter (n = 7) or a 5.5-mm-diameter (n = 7) expiratory limb for 2 h. Results: The bubble technique (2.5 and 5.5 mm diameter combined) resulted in a significantly higher PaO2, decreased alveolar protein levels (1.01 vs. 1.43 mg/kg, p < 0.05), a lower lung injury score (3.87 vs. 4.86, p < 0.05), and decreased NOS3 expression (1.99 vs. 3.32, p < 0.05) compared to spontaneous breathing in the control group. BCPAP with a 2.5-mm-diameter and with a 5.5-mm-diameter expiratory limb was not different with regard to gas exchange, alveolar protein levels, and lung injury scores, but there was a trend for lower NOS3 expression in the 5.5-mm group (1.41 vs. 2.56, p = 0.052). Conclusions: BCPAP decreases lung injury in rats with VILI after stopping mechanical ventilation. Attenuation of lung NOS3 expression may be one of the underlying mechanisms.
Endothelial erosion of plaques as a substrate for coronary thrombosis
Authors: Newby Andrew C. , Johnson Thomas W. , White Stephen J.
Published: January 2016

Myocardial infarction is a prevalent, life-threatening consequence of athero-thrombosis. Post-mortem histology and intravascular imaging in live patients have shown that approximately one third of myocardial infarctions are caused by a thrombus overlying an intact, non-ruptured atherosclerotic plaque. Histology identifies erosion of luminal endothelial cells from smooth muscle and proteoglycan-rich, thick fibrous cap atheromas as the underlying pathology. Unlike plaque ruptures, endothelial erosions tend to occur on thick-capped atherosclerotic plaques and may or may not be associated with inflammation. Smoking and female gender are strong risk factors for erosion. Multiple mechanisms may contribute to endothelial erosion, including endothelial dysfunction, TLR signalling, leukocyte activation and modification of sub-endothelial matrix by endothelial or smooth muscle cells, which may trigger loss of adhesion to the extracellular matrix or endothelial apoptosis. Diagnosis of endothelial erosion by intravascular imaging, especially high resolution optical coherence tomography, may influence treatment strategies, offering prognostic value and utility as an endpoint in trials of agents designed to preserve an intact coronary endothelium.
O lugar da função poética na poli(a)fonia do objeto voz em Psicanálise
Authors: Ramos Conrado
Published: January 2016

Este trabalho, produto de um cartel de uma Escola de Psicanálise, pretende desenvolver a concepção do objeto voz como objeto perdido da pulsão invocante, segundo Jacques Lacan, e buscar as manifestações subjetivas e formas clínicas nas quais pode-se encontrar a recuperação da voz como objeto mais-de-gozar. Neste percurso discute-se a alucinação sonora, a ruminação obsessiva e o insulto entre outros fenômenos. Num segundo momento discute-se o lugar da função poética na interpretação psicanalítica, tomando a materialidade sonora, a assonância e os afetos provocados pela poesia como recuperação imaginária de um gozo perdido. Conclui-se que, uma vez que a voz se faça estruturalmente objeto perdido, não há emissão significante que não carregue um enigma, não há endereçamento não atravessado pelo oracular, não há comunicação em que o equívoco não seja possível.

 
"A criação fora do tempo”
Authors: Goldfeder André
Published: January 2016

WILLEMART, Philippe. Psicanálise e teoria literária: o tempo lógico e as rodas da escritura e da leitura. São Paulo: Perspectiva, 2014.          

 

 
Graciliano Ramos da escravidão à sedição
Authors: Alves Fabio Cesar
Published: January 2016

O artigo pretende examinar, por meio de um excerto da obra Memórias do cárcere (1953), de Graciliano Ramos, o movimento composicional do livro, tendo como ponto de partida a reconstrução da experiência de cadeia por parte do narrador situado nos anos 1940 e 1950. Tal reconstrução lhe permite desnudar aspectos regressivos tanto da modernização brasileira quanto da política do Partido no qual o escritor militou.
Apresentação
Authors: Zular Roberto
Published: January 2016

Apresentação
A luta de Jacó com o Anjo: o crítico entre o gozo e o texto móvel do manuscrito
Authors: Willemart Philippe
Published: January 2016

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A política da voz
Authors: Dolar Mladen
Published: January 2016

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Schiller e a continuidade idealista na teoria do realismo burguês alemão
Authors: Bonomo Daniel
Published: January 2016

O ensaio procura mostrar manutenções idealistas em textos do realismo programático alemão na década de 1850 buscando no pensamento de Schiller, em fins do século XVIII, escolhas e conteúdos atualizados em Theodor Fontane, Otto Ludwig e Julian Schmidt, três dos principais nomes da teoria realista em apreço, também conhecida como teoria do realismo burguês. A opção por determinadas conciliações, nesses autores, conduz o debate.

 
Língua de onça: onomatopeia e legibilidade em “Meu tio o Iauaretê”, de Guimarães Rosa
Authors: Rowland Clara
Published: January 2016

A partir da correlação estabelecida por Gianfranco Contini e Giorgio Agamben a propósito da poesia de Pascoli entre uma “língua morta” e onomatopeia, o presente ensaio pretende reler o problema da legibilidade no conto “Meu tio o Iauaretê” de Guimarães Rosa, argu- mentando que a sobreposição indistinta entre tupinismos e onomatopeias que pauta a língua de onça do narrador é o ponto extremo de uma poética da ilegibilidade que atravessa toda a obra de Guimarães Rosa.
“Partida do Audaz Navegante”, de Guimarães Rosa: ressonâncias odisseicas, em clave minimalista
Authors: Meneses Adélia Bezerra de
Published: January 2016

A proposta é estudar a reapropriação, em clave minimalista, que Guimarães Rosa faz desse “capital cultural” que é a Odisseia, abordada aqui enquanto matriz do romance de aventuras e do romance de amor. Flagra-se um processo de estilização, miniaturização, estranhamento e carnavalização em “Partida do Audaz Navegante”, conto que fornece a oportunidade para uma reflexão sobre a arte enquanto sucedâneo do brincar infantil, bem como para o tratamento de questões fundamentais: a relação entre literatura e vida, a eficácia psíquica do narrar, a vida enquanto travessia (vita/via), desejo x necessidade, encontro dos contrários. Além disso, procede-se a um contraponto com Fernando Pessoa e com Caetano Veloso (“Os Argonautas”).
Apolipoprotein E Receptor 2 Mediates Activated Protein C–Induced Endothelial Akt Activation and Endothelial Barrier Stabilization
Authors: Sinha Ranjeet K. , Yang Xia V. , Fernández José A. , Xu Xiao , Mosnier Laurent O. , Griffin John H.
Published: January 2016

Objective—

Activated protein C (APC), a plasma serine protease, initiates cell signaling that protects endothelial cells from apoptosis and endothelial barrier disruption. Apolipoprotein E receptor 2 (ApoER2;
LRP8
) is a receptor known for mediating signaling initiated by reelin in neurons. ApoER2 contributes to APC-initiated signaling in monocytic U937 cells. The objective was to determine whether ApoER2 is required for APC’s beneficial signaling in the endothelial cell surrogate EA.hy926 line.

Approach and Results—

We used small interfering RNA and inhibitors to probe requirements for specific receptors for APC’s antiapoptotic activity and for phosphorylation of disabled-1 by Src family kinases and of Akt. When small interfering RNA for ApoER2 or endothelial cell protein C receptor or protease activated receptor 1 was used, APC’s antiapoptotic activity was ablated, indicating that each of these receptors was required. In EA.hy926 cells, APC induced a 2- to 3-fold increased phosphorylation of Ser473-Akt and Tyr232-disabled-1, a phosphorylation known to trigger disabled-1–mediated signaling in other cell types. Ser473-Akt phosphorylation was inhibited by ApoER2 small interfering RNA or by inhibitors of Src (PP2), phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (LY303511), and protease activated receptor 1 (SCH79797). ApoER2 small interfering RNA blocked the ability of APC to prevent thrombin-induced endothelial barrier disruption in TransEndothelial Resistance assays. Binding studies using purified APC and purified immobilized wild-type and mutated ApoER2 ectodomains suggested that APC binding involves Lys49, Asp50, and Trp64 on the surface of the N-terminal LA1 domain of ApoER2.

Conclusions—

ApoER2 contributes cooperatively with endothelial cell protein C receptor and protease activated receptor 1 to APC-initiated endothelial antiapoptotic and barrier protective signaling.
Stroke Severity Is a Crucial Predictor of Outcome: An International Prospective Validation Study
Authors: Rost Natalia S. , Bottle Alex , Lee Jin‐Moo , Randall Marc , Middleton Steven , Shaw Louise , Thijs Vincent , Rinkel Gabriel J. E. , Hemmen Thomas M. ,   the Global Comparators Stroke GOAL collaborators
Published: January 2016

Background

Stroke is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Without reliable prediction models and outcome measurements, comparison of care systems is impossible. We analyzed prospectively collected data from 4 countries to explore the importance of stroke severity in outcome prediction.

Methods and Results

For 2 months, all acute ischemic stroke patients from the hospitals participating in the Global Comparators Stroke GOAL (Global Outcomes Accelerated Learning) collaboration received a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score on admission and a modified Rankin Scale score at 30 and 90 days. These data were added to the administrative data set, and risk prediction models including age, sex, comorbidity index, and NIHSS were derived for in‐hospital death within 7 days, all in‐hospital death, and death and good outcome at 30 and 90 days. The relative importance of each variable was assessed using the proportion of explained variation. Of 1034 admissions for acute ischemic stroke, 614 had a full set of NIHSS and both modified Rankin Scale values recorded; of these, 507 patients could be linked to administrative data. The marginal proportion of explained variation was 0.7% to 4.0% for comorbidity index, and 11.3 to 25.0 for NIHSS score. The percentage explained by the model varied by outcome (16.6–29.1%) and was highest for good outcome at 30 and 90 days. There was high agreement between 30‐ and 90‐day modified Rankin Scale scores (weighted κ=0.82).

Conclusions

In this prospective pilot study, the baseline NIHSS score was essential for prediction of acute ischemic stroke outcomes, followed by age; whereas traditional comorbidity index contributed little to the overall model. Future studies of stroke outcomes between different care systems will benefit from including a baseline NIHSS score.
Intravenous Thrombolysis in Patients Dependent on the Daily Help of Others Before Stroke
Authors: Gensicke Henrik , Strbian Daniel , Zinkstok Sanne M. , Scheitz Jan F. , Bill Olivier , Hametner Christian , Moulin Solène , Zini Andrea , Kägi Georg , Pezzini Alessandro , Padjen Visnja , Béjot Yannick , Corbiere Sydney , Zonneveld Thomas P. , Seiffge David J. , Roos Yvo B. , Traenka Christopher , Putaala Jukka , Peters Nils , Bonati Leo H. , Curtze Sami , Erdur Hebun , Sibolt Gerli , Koch Peter , Vandelli Laura , Ringleb Peter , Leys Didier , Cordonnier Charlotte , Michel Patrik , Nolte Christian H. , Lyrer Philippe A. , Tatlisumak Turgut , Nederkoorn Paul J. , Engelter Stefan T. ,   for the Thrombolysis in Stroke Patients (TriSP) Collaborators
Published: January 2016

Background and Purpose—

We compared outcome and complications in patients with stroke treated with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) who could not live alone without help of another person before stroke (dependent patients) versus independent ones.

Methods—

In a multicenter IVT-register–based cohort study, we compared previously dependent (prestroke modified Rankin Scale score, 3–5) versus independent (prestroke modified Rankin Scale score, 0–2) patients. Outcome measures were poor 3-month outcome (not reaching at least prestroke modified Rankin Scale [dependent patients]; modified Rankin Scale score of 3–6 [independent patients]), death, and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage. Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (OR [95% confidence interval]) were calculated.

Results—

Among 7430 IVT-treated patients, 489 (6.6%) were dependent and 6941 (93.4%) were independent. Previous stroke, dementia, heart, and bone diseases were the most common causes of preexisting dependency. Dependent patients were more likely to die (OR
unadjusted
, 4.55 [3.74–5.53]; OR
adjusted
, 2.19 [1.70–2.84]). Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage occurred equally frequent (4.8% versus 4.5%). Poor outcome was more frequent in dependent (60.5%) than in independent (39.6%) patients, but the adjusted ORs were similar (OR
adjusted
, 0.95 [0.75–1.21]). Among survivors, the proportion of patients with poor outcome did not differ (35.7% versus 31.3%). After adjustment for age and stroke severity, the odds of poor outcome were lower in dependent patients (OR
adjusted
, 0.64 [0.49–0.84]).

Conclusions—

IVT-treated stroke patients who were dependent on the daily help of others before stroke carry a higher mortality risk than previously independent patients. The risk of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and the likelihood of poor outcome were not independently influenced by previous dependency. Among survivors, poor outcome was avoided at least as effectively in previously dependent patients. Thus, withholding IVT in previously dependent patients might not be justified.
Safety of Pregnancy After Cerebral Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Aguiar de Sousa Diana , Canhão Patrícia , Ferro José M.
Published: January 2016

Background and Purpose—

Pregnancy and puerperium are associated with an increased risk of venous thrombotic events (VTEs), including cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). We aimed to systematically review, in pregnant woman with previous CVT, (1) the risk of recurrence of CVT or other VTE; (2) the result of pregnancy; and (3) the association of antithrombotic prophylaxis with these outcomes.

Methods—

We searched MEDLINE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, clinicaltrials.gov (from inception to July 2015), and reference lists of included studies and review articles. We considered observational studies reporting original data on the frequency of CVT or other VTE associated with pregnancy or puerperium in women with history of CVT.

Results—

Thirteen studies were included. A simple pooled analysis of individual patient data and meta-analysis of proportions using a random effect model were performed. (1) 1 CVT recurrences/217 pregnancies (9 per 1000; 95% confidence interval, 3–33) and 5 noncerebral VTE/186 pregnancies (27 per 1000; 95% confidence interval, 12–61). (2) Pregnancy outcome: 33 spontaneous abortions/186 pregnancies (17.7%; 95% confidence interval, 13–24). (3) Data on the risk of CVT/extracerebral VTE according to antithrombotic prophylaxis was limited. Miscarriage did not differ significantly in women undergoing antithrombotic therapy or not (11.3% versus 18.8%;
P
=0.34).

Conclusions—

In women with previous CVT, the absolute risk of pregnancy-related venous thrombosis is low but the relative risk of noncerebral VTE is 16-fold higher and the recurrence of CVT is 80-fold higher than the baseline risk described in general population studies. The rate of miscarriage is not significantly different from that estimated for the general population.
Art, Space and Hyperreality: An Artistic Exploration of Artificiality, Meaning and Boundaries within Astrobiological Practice
Authors: Gracie Andy
Published: January 2016

A dual exploration of scales both massive and minuscule has allowed the author to create artworks and experiments that combine cultures of microscopic organisms and data from space probes and planetary landers. Meanwhile, a gradual increase in the author’s laboratory practice has led to a familiarity with in vitro processes and a corresponding theoretical examination of their significance and place in the cultural milieu. Central to these developments in the author’s practice has been the emergence of notions and understandings of simulation theory that unify both nature-technology relationships and ongoing work with organic and living materials. The author describes his artistic experiments with hybrid ecosystems, robotics, artificial intelligence, space exploration and astrobiology and the threads and themes that have persisted throughout them.
Flight of the Sea Swallow: A Crossreality Telematic Performance
Authors: Mills Roger
Published: January 2016

Flight of the Sea Swallow is a cross-reality telematic performance project developed by the multimedia group blackhole factory. Live data from distributed heat, light and movement sensors is visualised within the virtual and real-world performance spaces, with the aim of increasing tele-presence for performers and audiences. This article describes the background of the project, as well as its design and implementation over several iterative performances.
The Euphrates as Temporal Marker in 4 Ezra and 2 Baruch
Authors: Sheinfeld Shayna
Published: January 2016

In biblical texts, the river Euphrates functions as a geopolitical border: it delineates the boundaries of the land promised to Abraham and his descendants, and it demarcates the border of the Babylonian exiles, separating those who remain in the land from those in exile while imagining a future when they will be reunited. After the destruction of the second temple, however, the Euphrates transforms into a border separating the eschatological future from the crisis of the present. This transformation is reflected in the pseudepigraphic works of 4 Ezra and 2 Baruch, where the eventual restoration of the full community of Israel is imagined through both a physical and a temporal crossing of the Euphrates. This paper explores the presentation of the Euphrates as a border that indicates temporal proximity to the eschaton and to the lost tribes in 4 Ezra and 2 Baruch.1
A phylogenetic re-definition of the diatom genus Bacterosira (Thalassiosirales, Bacillariophyta), with the transfer of Thalassiosira constricta based on morphological and molecular characters
Authors: Park Joon Sang , Alverson Andrew J , Lee Jin Hwan
Published: January 2016

Thalassiosira constricta was first described from Tromsø in the Norwegian Sea. The species was placed in the large and morphologically diverse genus Thalassiosira based on the presence of classical features of that genus, including the formation of chains held together by β-chitin threads extruded from central fultoportulae. We recently discovered T. constricta in Korean coastal waters near Sinsi Island. Detailed morphological analyses revealed the following cell wall features: i) cells arranged in chains, with adjacent cells directly abutting one another or distinctly separated and linked by β-chitin threads extruded from a central cluster of 0–14 fultoportulae, ii) delicate, biseriate poroid areolae along radial ribs on the valve face and coarse loculate areolae on the valve mantle, iii) a cingulum structure consisting of finely perforated valvocoupla and copula and scratched pleurae, iv) distinct antiligula on the valve, v) a single ring of marginal fultoportulae, vi) one rimoportula located within the ring of marginal fultoportulae, vii) fultoportulae with internal extensions that lack opercula, and viii) fultoportulate with four fully exposed satellite pores, each in a depression and surrounded by a defined cowling. Phylogenetic analysis of nuclear and plastid markers revealed a sister relationship with Bacterosira bathyomphala. Based on these findings, we transfer T. constricta to Bacterosira as Bacterosira constricta comb. nov. and offer an emended the description of the genus Bacterosira, which appears to be one of only a few monophyletic marine genera in Thalassiosirales.
Socially restrictive attitudes towards people with mental illness among the non-psychiatry medical professionals in a university teaching hospital in South India
Authors: Sathyanath Shashwath , Mendonsa Rohan Dilip , Thattil Anitha Maria , Chandran Varikkara Mohan , Karkal Ravichandra S
Published: January 2016

Background:

Unfortunately, stigmatizing attitudes towards mentally ill are common among medical students, nurses as well as doctors. This is a major obstacle in the delivery of mental health services.

Aims:

To assess the socially restrictive attitudes towards mentally ill among the medical professionals and to investigate the association between such attitudes and relevant variables.

Methods:

We assessed the attitudes towards people with mental illness among the medical professionals ( N = 130) in a medical university using shortened version of the 40-item Community Attitudes toward the Mentally Ill (CAMI) scale.

Results:

We found that socially restrictive attitudes were endorsed by quite a number of faculty members and trainees. Significantly higher number of faculty members (22.5%) compared to the trainees (9.1%) endorsed unfavourable attitudes towards previously mentally ill man getting married. Similarly, significantly more number of faculty (22.5%) were averse to the idea of living next door to someone who has been mentally ill compared to the trainees (9.1%). However, significantly lesser number of faculty members (16.1%) compared to the trainees (30.3%) believed that previously mentally ill people should be excluded from taking public office. Personal acquaintance with a mentally ill individual was the only variable that was associated with significantly lesser socially restrictive attitudes among the medical professionals, irrespective of their age, gender and clinical exposure to people with mental illness.

Conclusion:

Socially restrictive attitudes towards people with mental illness are prevalent among substantial number of medical professionals in a low-income country like India. Personal acquaintance with people who have mental illness appears to be the only significant factor that reduces medical professionals’ socially restrictive attitudes towards them.
Understanding gender differences in Korean emotional expressions for increased cultural competency of social workers
Authors: Sohn Sunju , Park Mi-Sook
Published: January 2016

This study identified Korean emotional expressions described by male and female Koreans, who disagreed about their use under similar circumstances. The authors assessed the meanings of 504 ‘emotional’ terms, rank-ordered them according to how high the participants rated various emotions and used the kappa statistic to discern gender-based incongruence. The findings showed that identical emotional expressions might have nuanced differences in mutually exclusive emotional states. This was particularly apparent among males, who reported using the same expressions in two different situations. The results strengthen social workers’ language-centred activities, which help them assist Koreans and Korean-Americans to use helping processes.
Hovering above the stream: Perception, experience and identity at the frontline of work with Australian unemployed clients
Authors: Howard Amanda , Agllias Kylie , Schubert Leanne , Gray Mel
Published: January 2016

This article reports on qualitative Australian research that was conducted with 32 workers from Job Services Australia and Emergency Relief agencies. Researchers investigated the operationalisation of assistance for unemployed people to illuminate the language, discourse and processes through which workers and unemployed people were constructed within the quasi-market culture. Findings included individualistic and behaviourist frames, paradoxical positions in relation to client choice and blame, and a metaphorical frame which reinforced position, status and difference. This study provides important evidence from the frontline of Australia’s deregulated employment services, adding to the growing body of international social work literature pertaining to neoliberal welfare reform.
Depression, Social Support, and Mental Health
Authors: Whitley Deborah M. , Kelley Susan J. , Lamis Dorian A.
Published: January 2016

Custodial grandparents raising grandchildren experience intense levels of stress that can lead to depression and other forms of psychological distress. Drawing on a coping model of family stress, adjustment, and adaptation, we explored the relationship between depression and mental health quality of life mediated by social support and moderated by grandparent's age. The sample consisted of 667 African American custodial grandmothers, dichotomized into two age groupings, ≤55 ( n = 306) and 55 + ( n = 361). All grandmothers participated in a 12-month support intervention. The prospective analysis revealed social support was a mediator in the association between depressive symptoms and mental health quality of life for older African American grandmothers; however, this same relationship did not hold for their younger counterparts. Study limitations and future research directions are discussed.
Linking Positive Psychology to Offender Supervision Outcomes
Authors: Woldgabreal Yilma , Day Andrew , Ward Tony
Published: January 2016

This study examines the relationships between indicators of offender supervision outcomes and dimensions of positive psychological states (PPS). Results of a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) revealed that the first-order positive psychology constructs converge to form a higher order construct of PPS which was inversely associated with supervision outcomes. Furthermore, the mediating effect of PPS on the relationship between criminogenic risk factors and all offender supervision outcome variables was statistically significant, suggesting that offenders with heightened PPS are likely to have fewer criminogenic risk factors and are less likely to be reported for technical violation, charged, reconvicted, and imprisoned. The implications of these findings for correctional theory, practice, and policy conclude the article.
Adaptive disturbance rejection for unknown stable linear systems
Authors: Marino Riccardo , Tomei Patrizio
Published: January 2016

The design of an adaptive output feedback compensator is addressed to reject biased multi-sinusoidal disturbances of unknown amplitudes, phases and frequencies, acting on unknown stable single-input single-output linear systems of unknown order and relative degree. A single biased sinusoidal disturbance is first considered. It is shown that the knowledge of the sign of the real part (or the imaginary part) of its transfer function at zero and at the disturbance frequency is sufficient for the explicit design of an adaptive compensator which guarantees local exponential convergence to zero of the system output and of the frequency estimation error. This result is generalized to the case of biased multi-sinusoidal disturbances. As a special case, an adaptive notch filter which provides the unknown frequencies contained in the disturbance is obtained.
Combining task and motion planning: A culprit detection problem
Authors: Lagriffoul Fabien , Andres Benjamin
Published: January 2016

Solving problems combining task and motion planning requires searching across a symbolic search space and a geometric search space. Because of the semantic gap between symbolic and geometric representations, symbolic sequences of actions are not guaranteed to be geometrically feasible. This compels us to search in the combined search space, in which frequent backtracks between symbolic and geometric levels make the search inefficient. We address this problem by guiding symbolic search with rich information extracted from the geometric level through culprit detection mechanisms.
Edward N Lorenz’s 1963 paper, “Deterministic nonperiodic flow”, in Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol 20, pages 130–141: Its history and relevance to physical geography
Authors: Resler Lynn M.
Published: January 2016

Lorenz (1963) provided the foundation of chaos theory and inspired a fundamental reappraisal of systems’ nonlinearity in many disciplines, including physical geography. I will provide a brief overview of chaos in nonlinear systems as documented in Lorenz (1963), including the major tenants of chaos theory, followed by a discussion of the effects of chaos theory within meteorology and climate sciences, geomorphology, and ecology and biogeography. In general, Lorenz (1963) provided the intellectual framework for reconsidering the predictability of many physical systems.
Transforming Straight Guilt Into Collective Action for LGBs via Close Cross-Group Friendships
Authors: Calcagno Justine
Published: January 2016

In the current study, I tested a gender-moderated process model to explain when members of one relatively privileged group are oriented toward collective action for the rights of a relatively disadvantaged group. My model integrated three factors—gender, collective guilt, and close cross-group friendships—to explain collective action. I expected that among women collective guilt would not directly increase collective action, but having more close friendships with members of a disadvantaged group, an other-focused experience, would override the self-focused experience of collective guilt, and redirect guilt toward collective action. I tested the predictions in the context of lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) rights. The sample of 85 undergraduates who self-identified as straight was racially diverse and ranged from 17 to 41 years old. Participants reported collective guilt, the extent of close friendships with people who are LGB, and their willingness to engage in collective action for LGB rights. Among women who are straight, but not among straight men, close cross-group friendships mediated the relation between collective guilt and collective action. I discuss the moderating role of gender, implications for research, and limitations. I suggest that winning the hearts and minds of the relatively privileged in support of social change may require that activists and policy makers understand the psychological relationships those individuals have with the members of disadvantaged groups.
Ultrasound-Guided Injection of Platelet-Rich Plasma and Hyaluronic Acid, Separately and in Combination, for Hip Osteoarthritis
Authors: Dallari Dante , Stagni Cesare , Rani Nicola , Sabbioni Giacomo , Pelotti Patrizia , Torricelli Paola , Tschon Matilde , Giavaresi Gianluca
Published: January 2016

Background:

The effectiveness of intra-articular platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections has been evaluated in knee chondroplasty and osteoarthritis (OA); however, little evidence of its efficacy in hip OA exists.

Purpose:

To compare the therapeutic efficacy of autologous PRP, hyaluronic acid (HA), or a combination of both (PRP+HA) in hip OA.

Study Design:

Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1.

Methods:

Patients aged between 18 and 65 years who were treated with outpatient surgery and who had hip OA and pain intensity at baseline of >20 on a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS) were recruited for this study. Exclusion criteria were extensive surgery; presence of excessive deformities; or rheumatic, infective, cardiovascular, or immune system disorders. The primary outcome measure was a change in pain intensity as assessed by the VAS at 2, 6, and 12 months after treatment. Secondary outcome measures were the Harris Hip Score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and concentration of growth factors in PRP and their correlation with clinical outcomes. Clinical outcomes were evaluated by assessors and collectors blinded to the type of treatment administered.

Results:

A total of 111 patients were randomly assigned to 3 groups and received 3 weekly injections of either PRP (44 patients), PRP+HA (31 patients), or HA (36 patients). At all follow-ups, the PRP group had the lowest VAS scores. In particular, at 6-month follow-up, the mean VAS score was 21 (95% CI, 15-28) in the PRP group, 35 (95% CI, 26-45) in the PRP+HA group, and 44 (95% CI, 36-52) in the HA group ( P < .0005 [PRP vs HA] and P = .007 [PRP vs PRP+HA]; F = 0.663). The WOMAC score of the PRP group was significantly better at 2-month follow-up (mean, 73; 95% CI, 68-78) and 6-month follow-up (mean, 72; 95% CI, 67-76) but not at 12-month follow-up. A significant, “moderate” correlation was found between interleukin-10 and variations of the VAS score ( r = 0.392; P = .040). Significant improvements were achieved in reducing pain and ameliorating quality of life and functional recovery.

Conclusion:

Results indicated that intra-articular PRP injections offer a significant clinical improvement in patients with hip OA without relevant side effects. The benefit was significantly more stable up to 12 months as compared with the other tested treatments. The addition of PRP+HA did not lead to a significant improvement in pain symptoms.
Double-Row Repair Lowers the Retear Risk After Accelerated Rehabilitation
Authors: Franceschi Francesco , Papalia Rocco , Franceschetti Edoardo , Palumbo Alessio , Del Buono Angelo , Paciotti Michele , Maffulli Nicola , Denaro Vincenzo
Published: January 2016

Background:

Recently, an accelerated rehabilitation protocol after rotator cuff (RC) repair has been proposed for patients at risk of postoperative stiffness.

Purpose:

To investigate, in patients undergoing early accelerated mobilization, whether double-row (DR) repair provides better clinical outcomes and a lower retear rate compared with single-row (SR) configurations.

Study Design:

Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1.

Methods:

A total of 58 patients were randomized to undergo either SR or DR repair. After 2 years of follow-up, 12 men and 13 women (mean age, 61.8 years; range, 52-67 years) in the SR group and 15 men and 10 women (mean age, 58.9 years; range, 51-69 years) in the DR group were evaluated. To assess the retear rate, magnetic resonance imaging of the shoulder was performed at 2-year follow-up. The clinical evaluation was based on the modified University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) shoulder score and range of motion (ROM) measurements.

Results:

Magnetic resonance arthrography showed a significantly lower full-thickness retear rate for the DR group than for the SR group (8% vs 24%, respectively; P < .05). Conversely, at both 6-month and 2-year follow-up, there was no statistically significant difference in terms of the rate of stiffness in the SR and DR groups (8% vs 12% and 0% vs 0%, respectively; P > .05). No clinical differences were recorded regarding the UCLA score (SR group: mean, 32.6 [range, 30-35]; DR group: mean, 33.3 [range, 29-35]; P = .61) and ROM.

Conclusion:

In selected patients at a high risk of shoulder stiffness and therefore necessitating accelerated postoperative rehabilitation, DR repair of the RC could lower retear rates.
Maternal Perceptions and Views About Breastfeeding Practices Among Emirati Mothers
Authors: Radwan Hadia , Sapsford Roger
Published: January 2016

Background:

Understanding women’s breastfeeding perceptions and experiences is increasingly recognized as a vital tool to provide effective support that would encourage the extension of the breastfeeding period.

Objective:

To identify and explore the perceptions and views that influence the feeding and weaning decisions of Emirati mother.

Methods:

A qualitative study using indepth interviews was undertaken with a convenience sample of 45 Emirati mothers who had infants aged between 6 months and 2 years. Participants were interviewed in the health centers in 3 cities in United Arab Emirates. Data were recorded through field notes and analyzed thematically using grounded theory analysis.

Results:

The following themes emerged: influences of others on the decisions to breastfeed, sources of information, infants’ behavior and participants’ views and decisions about when to introduce supplementary feeding, knowledge of and attitudes toward current World Health Organization recommendations, and mothers’ perception of the benefits of breastfeeding. Grandmothers in this study played an important role in the breastfeeding practices of Emirati mothers. They supported breastfeeding, however, some encouraged giving the infants prelacteal feeds for a variety of reasons: colic, hunger, promoting growth, and hydration. Fathers, according to the mothers, either supported or ignored breastfeeding practices.

Conclusion:

Health promotions and health care facilities failed to deliver the message of exclusive breastfeeding. Mothers in our study were resorting to the expertise of the grandmothers and receiving information and advice about child feeding from them. The findings highlight the need for successful intervention programs to be implemented for mothers and grandmothers through health care providers.
A Cross-Cultural Understanding of Depression Among Abused Women
Authors: Wong Janet Y. H. , Tiwari Agnes , Fong Daniel Y. T. , Bullock Linda
Published: January 2016

Little research has addressed depression in abused women across cultures. This review examines depression and intimate partner violence (IPV) by comparing and contrasting the IPV definitions, family dynamics, coping, and expressions of depression of women in China, Japan, India, and the United States. Findings reveal that depression is expressed differently across cultures. Somatization is commonly found in Asian countries, but it is not properly assessed by existing Westernized depression assessment tools. In addition, cultural factors were shown to shape abused women’s ways of adaptive coping. Cultural awareness and sensitivity are fundamental for successful assessment and intervention for abused women with depression.
ADHD Research in Arab Countries: A Systematic Review of Literature
Authors: Alkhateeb Jamal M. , Alhadidi Muna S.
Published: January 2016

Objective: No systematic reviews could be identified in the literature that address ADHD research in Arab countries. In an attempt to help fill this gap, this systematic review was undertaken. Method: An electronic literature search of ADHD studies carried out in Arab countries was done by using Google Scholar, PsycINFO, PubMed, Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), and Arabpsynet. Results: The search yielded 58 studies (10 studies on psychoeducational and social aspects of ADHD, 26 prevalence studies and two reviews of epidemiology of ADHD, and 22 studies on risk factors and comorbidities in ADHD). Conclusion: Although there has been an increase in ADHD research in Arab countries in recent years, this research remains relatively sparse and used methods and procedures that limit the generalizability of the findings.
Letter Reversals, Default Mode, and Childhood ADHD
Authors: Levy Florence , Young Deidra
Published: January 2016

Objective: To investigate the relationship of static reversals, handedness and gender to reaction time variability (RTV) in a sequentional sample of 1,109 children referred to a child psychiatry clinic for investigation of possible ADHD. Method: A DSM-III ADHD diagnosis and ADHD severity ratings (mild, moderate, and severe) by the present investigator was recorded. The age at which the children were still manifesting static reversals as reported by their mother, and right, left, or both-handedness as reported by the mother and observed by the investigator, were noted. Results: The age that letter reversals were still manifested was significantly associated with RTV for male and female children. Conclusions: The findings may represent an early manifestation of a failure of suppression of visually symmetrical information and/or a failure of default mode suppression
Who will sell your rooms? Hotel distribution scenarios
Authors: Oskam Jeroen , Zandberg Tjeerd
Published: January 2016

Travel and hospitality were among the commercial sectors profoundly changed by the massive use of the Internet since the 1990s. Whilst initially predictions were that the platform would lead to disintermediation, after the first decade, a new type of intermediary appeared that represented a new value proposition to end users and substantially reduced the marketing power of hotel companies. We will analyse this evolution as a ‘two-sided market’ phenomenon. The understanding of how the Internet environment affects business models will then be used to elaborate plausible scenarios for the future of hotel distribution following the Framework Foresight method. The article proposes a baseline scenario with the Internet evolving in its current form and an alternative scenario in which an oligopolistic market emerges.
The prison in the city: Tracking the neoliberal life of the “million dollar block”
Authors: Story Brett
Published: January 2016

The concept of the ‘million dollar block’ refers to the spatially concentrated urban origins of the US prison population, most of whom come from a handful of neighborhoods in the country’s biggest cities. Visualized through a series of maps charting home addresses alongside financial costs of imprisonment, the million dollar block has emerged as a powerful rhetorical umbrella for bipartisan collaboration on prison reform. This article critically tracks the way the million dollar block, as both a cartography and a discursive formation, has travelled politically over the past decade. Finding parallels with the ‘neighborhood effects’ discourse within urban studies, I suggest the million dollar block similarly functions to cast poor and racialized urban spaces primarily in terms of criminogenic risk. I describe how the discursive cartography of the million dollar block, despite its reformist intentions, serves a neoliberal model of prison reform, rationalizing increased carceral state intervention in urban space.
Examining the Use of Deep Touch Pressure to Improve the Educational Performance of Students With Disabilities
Authors: Losinski Mickey , Sanders Sara A. , Wiseman Nicole M.
Published: January 2016

The current meta-analysis examined the use of deep touch pressure (DTP; e.g., weighted vests) with students with disabilities. DTP is a form of sensory integration therapy that is currently used extensively in schools with students with autism and other disabilities. Each study in the analysis was evaluated using the Council for Exceptional Children’s guidelines for evidence-based practices. In addition, noting the debate regarding appropriate single-case effect sizes, the current study calculated omnibus effect sizes utilizing a variety of single-case design effect sizes. Results of the current study suggest that DTP interventions are of generally poor quality and demonstrate effects that do not validate their current use for students with disabilities.
Is Narrative Essential to the Law?: Precedent, Case Law and Judicial Emplotment
Authors: Bricker Andrew Benjamin
Published: January 2016

Storytelling pervades almost every aspect of the law. Many narrativistic legal elements, however, have in fact been little more than historically transitory. Given the precarious status of narrative at law, I argue we should focus instead on one of the most historically consistent acts of legal storytelling: the judicial opinion. Here I examine in particular the invocation of precedent in legal opinions, what I call “judicial emplotment,” as an almost archetypal act of formalized storytelling. As I go on to argue, the courts justify legal outcomes by invoking precedent, thereby placing decisions within a specific and heavily formalized legal-narrative structure.
Meta-Analysis of the Association Between Emotional Clarity and Attention to Emotions
Authors: Boden Matthew Tyler , Thompson Renee J.
Published: January 2016

Emotional clarity and attention to emotions represent the extent to which people understand and attend to their own emotions, respectively, and are broad facets of emotional awareness, alexithymia, and emotional intelligence. To examine the extent to which these two constructs are associated, we conducted a meta-analysis of studies including well-validated self-report measures of trait clarity and attention to emotion. Clarity and attention were moderately, positively associated. Assessment instrument, but not sample gender or age, moderated the association between clarity and attention. Analyses of between-study heterogeneity and publication bias suggested that results were valid and generalizable. We discuss potential causes of the association between clarity and attention, and elaborate on the implications of our results for emotion regulation, well-being, and psychopathology.
Emotions, Beliefs, and Revisions
Authors: Livet Pierre
Published: January 2016

Emotions imply a revision of our beliefs inasmuch as they are triggered by a discrepancy between our expectancies and new situations. I will study the converse relation: how emotions, particularly recurrent emotions that reappear in similar situations in the long term, are incentives to revise not only our beliefs but also the order of priorities between their related desires. Understanding how affects can revise both beliefs—under their committing aspect—and the order of desires, implies seeing the dynamics of affects as interacting with external dynamics and the order of priorities as a weak one (“pseudo-distance”; Schlechta, 2004). These philosophical considerations shed new light on the diversity of emotions, on their different temporalities, and on the paradox of emotional sharing.