bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New Diaptomidae records (Crustacea: Copepoda: Calanoida: Diaptomidae) in the Neotropical region
Authors: Previattelli Daniel , Perbiche-Neves Gilmar , Santos-Silva Edinaldo Nelson dos
Published: August 2015

TIn this study we present 208 new diaptomids records, including 36 species from 10 genera. They are the result of new samplings as well as of the revision of samples from previous surveys from various localities in the Neotropical Region. In an attempt to clear elucidate about the species ranges we gathered all biogeographically important data and present them here, with comments about the relevance of each record to the understanding of the distribution of the group.
Update on the distribution of Trinycteris nicefori Sanborn, 1949 (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae): new record for the Amazonia of Brazil
Authors: Rocha Patrício A. da , Garbino Guilherme S. T. , Aires Caroline C.
Published: August 2015

We present herein the first record of the small phyllostomine Trinycteris nicefori for the Brazilian state of Rondônia. The specimens were mist netted near the banks of Rio Madeira, in the municipality of Porto Velho. The capture area can be classified as dense ombrophilous forest of the Amazonian biome. Morphometric and qualitative data are presented, along with a table comparing Triniycteris to the two other similar genera, Glyphonycteris and Lampronycteris. The disjunct distribution of T. nicefori is briefly discussed.
First documented record of the Roseate Tern Sterna dougallii Montagu, 1813 (Aves: Sternidae) in southeast Brazil
Authors: Tavares Davi Castro , Moura Jailson Fulgencio de , Siciliano Salvatore
Published: August 2015

We report the first record of Sterna dougallii Montagu, 1813 on the southeastern Brazilian coast. During monthly bird surveys in the northern Rio de Janeiro State, on January 2012 we recovered a tern banded in Massachusetts, USA. The present record stretches the S. dougallii southernmost geographic distribution in Brazil (Bahia state) by about 600 km. It is difficult to evaluate this species’ regional status due to the absence of continuous sampling efforts.
New data on the distribution of Torodinium robustum and T. teredo (Dinophyceae: Gymnodiniales) in the Gulf of California
Authors: Gárate-Lizárraga Ismael , Muciño-Márquez Rocío Elizabeth
Published: August 2015

The gymnodinioid marine dinoflagellates Torodinium robustum and T. teredo are reported for the Gulf of California. This is the first record of Torodinium teredo on the Pacific coast of Mexico. Both species were found mainly during the winter-spring in seawater at 19–27.5 °C. Torodinium robustum was the most frequent species. Morphological features of T. robustum and T. teredo varied widely and specimens observed in live samples and fixed in Lugol’s solution were easily recognizable. Short description and microphotographs were provided for each species.
The occurrence of Carterina spiculotesta (Carter, 1877) on an artificial substrate
Authors: Machado Altair J. , Barros Facelucia
Published: August 2015

Carterina spiculotesta is an extant foraminifera species that makes a calcareous test with secreted spicules embedded into its wall. Modern populations are reported from few regions in Brazil, but this is the first report of living C. spiculotesta found on an artificial substrate, which is located near industrial outfalls.
Cucullia tiefi Tshetverikov, 1956 (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): new data on the distribution
Authors: Titov Sergey , Volynkin Anton
Published: August 2015

A very rare little-known species Cucullia tiefi Tshetverikov, 1956 recorded in North-East Kazakhstan for the first time. The adults, male and female genitalia are illustrated. The structure of male vesica is discussed.
First record of Abrothrix jelskii (Thomas, 1894) (Mammalia: Rodentia: Cricetidae) in Salta province, northwestern Argentina: filling gaps and distribution map
Authors: Jayat J. Pablo , Ortiz Pablo E. , González F. Rodrigo
Published: August 2015

Abrothrix jelskii is one of the lesser-known species in the genus Abrothrix, and it has only been recorded in a few localities in highland environments along the central Andean range. In Argentina, existing records are restricted to just one locality in Jujuy province. We have recently recorded this species in Salta Province, extending its known distribution 150 km northward in northwestern Argentina and 175 km further to the southeast compared to existing records from localities in southern Bolivia. Ten other rodent species were also recorded in the same area, with some of these records, such as those for Auliscomys sublimis, Akodon boliviensis, and Phyllotis sp., being noteworthy as well.
Comments on Muslim, Jewish and Christian Burial Practices in Medieval Toledo (Spain)
Authors: Ruiz-Taboada Arturo
Published: August 2015

Burial of the dead is a very material reflection on one’s own existence. Religious considerations aside, the funerary world has more to do with social, kin, and religious contexts than with the deceased himself/herself. Because of this, burial practices are quite diverse across space and time. Historical texts are essential sources of knowledge about the medieval funerary context; however, only archaeology provides details regarding burial practice and belief. This article analyses Muslim, Christian and Jewish burial rituals and introduces a new field study based on the main results of different excavations, some of them published during the last decade, with the ultimate goal of understanding the funerary world of medieval Toledo. The expulsion of Jews and Muslims at the end of the 15th century by the Catholic Monarchs and their policy of eradicating the memory of their presence in Spain makes difficult our efforts to recover these cultures and their material remains. Until the 12th century, Christians, Jews and Muslims were buried outside the city walls; however, after the taking of Toledo by Alphonse 6th, Christians started using the parish churches and other religious buildings inside the city as burial grounds.
CRITÉRIOS DE MANEJO NA IRRIGAÇÃO DO FEIJOEIRO EM SOLO DE TEXTURA ARENOSA
Authors: Brito Ramilos Rodrigues de , Filho Hélio Grassi , Saad João Carlos Cury , Ribeiro Valdenir Queiroz , Oliveira Simone Raquel Mendes
Published: August 2015

Dentre aspectos mais importantes para o sucesso da agricultura irrigada destaca-se o manejo da água aplicada. No mercado existe uma diversidade de metodologias e instrumentos para tal fim, entretanto, o monitoramento do nível de água no solo utilizando o tensiômetro tem se mostrado eficaz. Nesse trabalho foram avaliados dois métodos de manejo da irrigação, um baseado na tensão da água no solo e o outro com base da depleção da água disponível, com o objetivo de verificar qual deles promove maior produtividade de grãos para a cultura do feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) em um solo de textura arenosa. Os tratamentos foram compostos por cinco níveis de tensão (– 30, – 40, – 50, – 60 e – 70 kPa) e cinco níveis de depleção (30, 40, 50, 60 e 70% da AD), com quatro repetições delineados em blocos casualizados. O experimento foi desenvolvido em ambiente protegido no Departamento de Solos e Recursos Ambientais (UNESP/FCA), Botucatu - SP. Avaliou-se os parâmetros: Número de vagens por planta (NVP); Produção de vagens por planta (PVP, g); Comprimento da vagem (COMPV, cm); Número de grãos por vagem (NGV); Peso de grãos por vagem (PGV, g); Peso de 100 grãos (P100G, g) e Produção de grãos (PG, g planta-1). Não foram evidenciadas diferenças significativas entre os métodos de irrigação, entretanto, as maiores produtividades de grãos de feijão ocorreram para a tensão de – 30 kPa, resultando em 12,10 g planta-1 e 11,04 g planta-1 para 40% da AD.
ESTIMATIVA DE VAZÃO DO RIBEIRÃO LAVAPÉS NA ÁREA DE CONTRIBUIÇÃO DO DA MICROCENTRAL HIDRELÉTRICA LAGEADO EM BOTUCATU/SP
Authors: Oliveira Francienne Gois , Borja Manuel Esteban Lucas , Seraphim Odivaldo José
Published: August 2015

A carência de dados fluviométricos em pequenas bacias hidrográficas dificulta estudos de aproveitamento hídrico. A estimativa de disponibilidade hídrica de bacias sem dados fluviométricos é normalmente feita com base em modelos hidrológicos como chuva-vazão ou por informações hidrológicas de bacias da mesma região – Regionalização de vazão. Os modelos hidrológicos do tipo chuva-vazão foram desenvolvidos tendo como objetivo a síntese de séries de vazão em determinados locais, para finalidades como a previsão de vazões ou a síntese de vazões em locais carentes de informações. Este estudo teve por objetivo a quantificação da vazão do Ribeirão Lavapés para possível reativação da Microcentral hidrelétrica da Fazenda Experimental Lageado. Para tanto utilizou o modelo chuva-vazão Win_IPH2 desenvolvido pelo Instituto de Pesquisas Hidráulicas da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Foi introduzido no programa séries de precipitação, evaporação e dados de área da bacia e outros. Fez-se a calibração do programa e com isso foram gerados gráficos e dados da vazão calculada e a curva de permanência. Por meio da metodologia utilizada foi possível quantificar a vazão do Ribeirão Lavapés e gerar a Curva de Permanência para do período de janeiro de 2009 a dezembro de 2012 com resultados satisfatórios.
MODELOS TEÓRICOS TRANSITIVOS APLICADOS NA INTERPOLAÇÃO ESPACIAL DO STANDARDIZED PRECIPITATION INDEX (SPI) PARA OS EPISÓDIOS DE EL NIÑO FORTE NO ESTADO DO TOCANTINS, BRASIL
Authors: Gois Givanildo De , Delgado Rafael Coll , Júnior José Francisco De Oliveira
Published: August 2015

Foi avaliado o desempenho dos modelos esférico, exponencial e gaussiano na interpolação espacial do índice SPI em episódios de El Niño forte no Tocantins (TO), Brasil. O método utilizado foi a Krigagem Ordinária (KO). Os eventos foram 1982-83, 1990-93 e 1997-98. O Estado do TO foi dividido em duas regiões: ocidental e oriental. Foi aplicada à estatística descritiva baseado em índices existentes na literatura. Os modelos esférico e exponencial são similares quanto à magnitude dos erros estatísticos e com desempenho considerado ótimo para os ciclos iniciais de 1982-83 e 1990-93, a exceção foi o ciclo 1997-98, seguido do modelo gaussiano com desempenho abaixo em comparação aos demais. Ambos os modelos esférico e exponencial identificam espacialmente os eventos de seca em ambas as regiões no TO e, principalmente nos anos iniciais dos ciclos dos El Niños forte. Isso se deve aos efeitos de grande escala associado ao aumento dos aerossóis devido às erupções do El Chichón (1982) e Pinatubo (1991), seguido dos padrões de precipitação para os El Niños os quais o gradiente interbacias do Pacífico e Atlântico se forma em sua fase inicial, apresentam anomalias mais acentuadas, do que os El Niños com o gradiente interbacias na sua fase de decaimento.
Impacts of sea level rise on morphodynamics in Liverpool Bay
Authors: Luo Jing , Li Ming , Sun Zhilin , Wang Wei
Published: August 2015

In order to understand the influence of sea level rise (SLR) on the tide, waves and sediment transport on a regional scale, and more importantly the implication of such changes on coastal engineering practice, three estuaries in north-west England, Mersey, Dee and Ribble, were chosen for detailed study using a numerical morphological model system, Telemac. The numerical model was calibrated against available field measurements on both hydrodynamics and sediment transport. Simulations were first carried out for a given 0·5 m SLR condition. The overall impact of the SLR on tidal range and flow current speed was found to be small. It is clear that the surf zone is shifted inshore due to the increased water depth. Moreover, changes to the sediment transport within each estuary are complex due to specific interplays between hydrodynamics and tidal flats. Finally, a modified ‘parallel online’ approach with variable morphological factors was employed for a 90-year simulation with constant SLR rate, together with an ‘input-reduction’ method. The overall morphological evolution under a constant SLR rate was investigated, which clearly suggests that the most commonly occurring waves tend to bring sediment onshore and into estuaries by eroding outer estuaries and channels, but storm-driving waves tend to erode inner estuaries.
Projected impact of climate change on waves at Mumbai High
Authors: Pentapati Satyavathi , Deo Makarand C. , Kerkar Jyoti , Vethamony P.
Published: August 2015

Structures built in the sea are traditionally designed according to historical climate observations or hindcasts. In geographical locations typical of India, such designs do not take the effect of future climate change into account. For structural safety, considerations of such effects are highly desirable. Many recent studies have demonstrated likely changes in the extreme wave conditions at different offshore locations. This paper reports similar results in the Mumbai High region, where the majority of India's offshore oil platforms are located. Using historical wind data provided by the National Centre for Environmental Prediction/National Centre for Atmospheric Research and a Canadian general circulation model for future data (CMIP5-RCP8.5), a numerical wave model of the past and future wave conditions was simulated over a 40-year period. A statistical analysis of both past and projected datasets obtained significant wave heights with a 100-year return. The comparison of wave heights derived from past and future datasets showed that wave magnitudes would increase at almost all locations within the Mumbai High area. The northern locations may undergo a significant rise from 10% to 28%, while the southern sites may experience a smaller increase, from almost zero to 10%, under the highest projected pathway of global warming.
A Better Tomorrow. Making Sense of Time in the Conservative Party and the CDU/CSU in the 1960s and 1970s
Authors: Steber Martina
Published: August 2015

A Better Tomorrow. Making Sense of Time in the Conservative Party and the CDU/CSU in the 1960s and 1970s

Parties need to present their voters with a vision of how society, international relations, the economic system, or politics itself should ideally look like in times to come. These ideas about the future are framed by ideas about the present and the past. As important agents of the political public parties are making sense of time. The article analyses the changing time horizons of the British Conservative Party and the West German CDU/CSU in the 1960s and 1970s and scrutinises how far they influenced the parties’ political thought; it focuses on the ways Conservatives of the two countries made sense of time in an era where the integral conservative attachment to the past was fundamentally challenged. In the UK and in West Germany three distinct phases can be discerned: first, a focus on the present in the late 1950s and early 1960s respectively; second its challenge in the 1960s by technological and social changes with visions of planned future «modernity» coming to the fore; and third, a loss of confidence in the opportunities of shaping the future from the early 1970s onwards and the re-formulation of Conservative time horizons. Ultimately the change of future horizons in the 1970s challenged the Conservative Party much more profoundly than the CDU/CSU.
The role of vagal insulin signaling and enteric hormones in acute stomach and duodenal erosions and ulcers associated with severe concomitant traumatic head injuries
Authors: Alyev F I
Published: August 2015

Aim. Clinical and experimental study of vagal insulin signaling and enteric hormones in occurrence of acute stomach and duodenal erosions and ulcers complicated by bleeding and associated with severe concomitant traumatic head injuries.

Methods. Data of 347 patients with severe concomitant traumatic head injuries for 2011-2012 were used for clinical part of the study. Serum levels of insulin, gastrin, C-peptide, histamine, growth hormone, -amylase were determined. In the experimental part, the model of acute stomach and duodenal erosions and ulcers associated with traumatic head injury were modeled. The first group consisted of 5 intact rats, the second group included 45 rats with modeled isolated traumatic head injury, the third group included 45 rats with modeled traumatic head injury associated with traumatic lung and chest injury, the fourth group included 45 rats with modeled traumatic head injury associated with abdominal organs traumatic injury, the fifth group included 45 rats with modeled traumatic head injury associated with limb and pelvic fractures.

Results. Acute stomach and duodenal erosions and ulcers were found in 21 (6.1%) of 347 patients at endoscopy, mainly in those with the highest parameters of vagal insulin signaling and enteric hormones. At the experiment, all types of combined traumatic head injury increased the incidence of erosions as compared to the second group, with the highest incidence in the group of associated abdominal injury. Vagal stimulation and stimulation of enteric hormones secretion in animals of groups 2-5 was associated with higher incidence of erosions. In contrast, decreased vagal stimulation and enteric hormones secretion leaded to statistically significant reduction of erosions incidence in animals of groups 2-5 as compared both to the natural history of the process (first subgroup), and to animals which were administered 5% dextrose (glucose) and 0.1% histamine solutions (second subgroup).

Conclusion. The incidence of erosions and ulcers, as well as the indicators of vagal stimulation and enteric hormones secretion depend on the nature of the accompanying injury that may be taken into account in the prevention and treatment of such complications.
Clinical and morphological assessment of low frequency ultrasound use in delayed eruption of teeth
Authors: Gasymova Z V
Published: August 2015

Aim. Development of a new method stimulating eruption of impacted teeth, reducing side effects and the term of orthodontic treatment.
Methods. Considering the high numbers of patients who sought medical aid with delayed eruption of teeth, rational method of low-frequency ultrasound was used for stimulating eruption of impacted teeth. The stimulation process was performed by «SIAZ-EGS Med-Stomo» device, with the oscillation frequency of 26.5 kHz, intensity of 1 W/cm, amplitude of 40-60 μm, a wavelength 0,012 m, developed in Azerbaijan. Clinical and morphological methods, including examination of gingival tissue biopsies from the area where low-frequency ultrasound was applied, were used. After clinical and radiographic examination and identifying the impacted tooth with a favorable location on dental panoramic radiography, if there was a space in the tooth row, the area of the tooth projection at the gum was directly affected by low-frequency ultrasound daily or every other day for 5-10 seconds. An average of 1-5 procedures up to the tooth eruption was performed.
Results. Microscopy of epithelial cover and stroma proved the absence of inflammation, thickening of outermost layer on the gum surface. Cells of the intermediate layer revealed the intact nucleus, loosening with linear swelling and cell dissociation. Cellular and tissue changes in gingival tissue seen after the treatment with low-frequency ultrasound may indicate the boosting of the impacted teeth eruption due to the syndrome of molecular contusion, improving the microcirculation and loosening the gum tissues.
Conclusion. The results of comprehensive orthodontic treatment using low-frequency ultrasound ito stimulate the eruption of impacted teeth may be recommended for practical use.
Laser photocoagulation for patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy
Authors: Gilyazova A A , Samoylov A N , Khafiz’yanova R Kh
Published: August 2015

Aim. To assess the efficacy of laser photocoagulation treatment for patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy.
Methods. The study included 17 eyes of 15 patients with relapse of central serous chorioretinopathy of different etiology, including 9 men. Patient’s age ranged from 34 to 55 years. Mean disease duration ranged from 3 months to 8 years. All study subjects underwent a standard ophthalmic examination including best-corrected visual acuity testing, intraocular pressure measurement, bioophthalmoscopy, color vision testing, visual field testing, optical coherence tomography, fluorescent angiography of the retina before and after the treatment. Fluorescein sodium salt (100 mg/ml, ampules of 5 ml, «Novartis Pharma» was used as a contrast. Before the treatment, neuroepithelial layer detachment height was 385.09±14.1 µm, the best-corrected visual acuity ranged from 0.41 to 0.82. The study group did not include the patients with secondary choroidal neovascularization. Diode laser with wave length of 532 nm («Carl Zeiss») was used for laser photocoagulation. The laser photocoagulation procedure was done using the following parameters: exposure time 0.05-0.1 sec, the spot diameter 100-200 µm, and the impulse energy of 100-200 mJ.
Results. Significant improvement of visual acuity, disappearance of relative central scotoma proven by instrumental methods was seen in all patients. Best-corrected visual acuity was 0.91, decrease of neuroepithelial layer detachment height with adherence of all layers of the retina was reduced to 171.12±11.5 µm on the 3-5 day after laser photocoagulation. Patients were followed up from 1 to 6 months, with treatment results staying stable.
Conclusion. Laser photocoagulation of a retina in treatment of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy allows to achieve encouraging morphologic and functional results.
Complex evaluation of drug abuse prevention effectiveness in young people of Kursk region
Authors: Timoshilov V I , Sidorov G A
Published: August 2015

Aim. To perform the complex evaluation of drug abuse prevention effectiveness in young people of Kursk region.

Methods. 110 primary care physicians and healthcare managers and 459 young people aged 10-19 years (mean age 15.5±1.04 years) polled. The statistical analysis included calculation of extensive indicators, (numbers of responders who gave the certain answers), mean values with confidence intervals and variation (coefficient of variation, Cv).

Results. Doctors evaluated the effectiveness of the preventive measures categories allocated based on a content analysis of legal documents and teaching materials. The, now doctors and health professionals consider informing young people about the dangers of drugs as the most effective measure in the current circumstances, early detection and treatment of drug abusers - the least effective. Average integrated assessment of prevention quality by young people was 4.31±0.7 points, variation was sufficiently high (Cv=25%). 82.8% of adolescents consider themselves satisfied with the information they were provided, 85.7% were satisfied with the way of presenting the data. Performed informational and educational work has strengthened understanding of the dangers of drugs in 71.9% of adolescents.

Conclusion. The quality of all ongoing preventive work was rated by youth as above average, while significant variation was seen. Results of the survey are the basis of developing system for drug abuse prevention management among youth, introduced in Kursk region.
Optimizing the treatment and preventive measures in poor patients with secondary edentulism
Authors: Dyumeev R M , Bulgakova A I , Islamova D M
Published: August 2015

Aim. To develop an algorithm for diagnosis and integrated treatment of the poor people of the Republic of Bashkortostan, taking into account the possibility of using state support programs.
Methods. The study sample included 296 low-income patients (women over 58 years, men over 63 years) receiving social pension supplements. As a comparison group, 300 patients of retirement age, who had paid for orthodontic treatment by themselves, were recruted.
Results. Out of 296 patients, 211 (71.28%) had previous orthopedic treatment, the remaining 85 (28.72%) had never received orthopedic treatment. All poor patients received treatment according to the full comprehensive program of preferential dentures. Orthopedic treatment using the non-removable prosthesis was performed in 39 (13.17%) patients, removable dentures - in 27 (9.12%), combined prosthetics - in 230 (77.70%). In 300 patients who paid for orthopedic treatment from their own funds, 133 (44.33%) patients got removable prosthesis, 70 (23.33%) patients - non-removable dentures, combined prosthetics was used in the remaining 97 (32.33%). An algorithm of therapeutic and preventive measures for low-income citizens in order to improve oral health and quality of life, as well as to optimize the use of financial resources, was developed. It consists of five stages: I - examination of the anamnesis vitae and the history of the disease; II - Diagnosis and treatment of comorbidities; III - full mouth debridement; IV - selection and rational prosthetics, medical treatment; V - follow-up examination in 1 and 6 months. An integral indicator of quality of life after the conducted complex treatment has improved by 15.11 points (27.0%). Some criteria for the quality of life has improved by more than 2 points (3.51%): «Physical discomfort» - by 2.133, «physical disorders» - by 2.916, «psychological disorders» - by 2.855 points.
Conclusion. The program of preferential dentures allows to expand the range of the treatment options with the use of new technologies; implementation of this program is not a direct source of health improvement, but serves as an auxiliary arm of social support and helps to minimize the severe health consequences for the examined population.
Hemodialysis service in the Azerbaijan Republic
Authors: Babaev F G , Guseynov Kh M
Published: August 2015

Aim. To study the organizational aspects of hemodialysis aid to the population of Azerbaijan.
Methods. The structure of patients requiring hemodialysis was studied using personal data and statistical reporting of the hemodialysis service of the Azerbaijan Republic using historical, analytical, statistical research methods.
Results. The trend for increased numbers of patients receiving a hemodialysis is shown. It is specified that Azerbaijan is the endemic area for nephrolithiasis. 950-970 patients per million have a renal disease. In 2011, 211,306 procedures of hemodialysis were performed, compared to 291,852 procedures in 2013, including 823 primary patients. The total number of patients requiring hemodialysis in 2013 was 913 patients in Baku and 898 patients in regions (1811 patients in total). The understaffing of dialysis departments with nephrologists is presented, the number of available specialists is almost 4 times less than required. Thus, it is shown that dialysis departments of the republican medical setting have 119 doctors and 294 nursing staff, the staffing rate is 1.1-1.2 nephrologist per 100,000 population, while the standard is 4-4.5.
Conclusion. The need for additional management measures to improve the service in this group of patients, as well as new training programs on hemodialysis therapy in universities and medical colleges is explained.
Evaluating the diagnostic value of clinical examination in combination with dual-zone pulse oximetry for diagnosis of critical congenital heart diseases in newborns
Authors: Ushakova S A , Zharkova I Yu , Fomichev M V , Khait O V , Guseva E N , Yarkova I A , Parshukova L N , Zhukova E Yu , Dedyukina E S , Egorova L A , Fomicheva I G , Egorova E S
Published: August 2015

Aim. To evaluate the diagnostic significance of clinical examination in combination with pulse oximetry for diagnosis of critical congenital heart disease in newborns in the early neonatal period.
Methods. A retrospective analysis of the screening results for dual-zone pulse oximetry in combination with clinical examination in 4201 newborns (2211 girls and 1990 boys) was performed for the period from June 2013 to December 2014. Criteria of inclusion were: healthy full-term neonates (94%) and preterm infants with a gestational age of >34-35 weeks (6%); no signs of diseases that require intensive care at birth; performed pulse oximetry. Results of physical examination, SpO2, echocardiography were examined in newborns with positive test. Diagnostic value of the method for detecting the critical congenital heart defects was evaluated in terms of sensitivity and specificity.
Results. In the structure of congenital diseases of the circulatory system, diagnosed in the neonatal period, congenital heart defects, mainly with ductus-dependent hemodynamics, contributed to 19%. The efficiency of critical congenital heart defects timely diagnosis is increasing recently due to prenatal detection (62.5% of cases) and diagnosis in the early neonatal period (87.5% of cases). Screening with dual-zone pulse oximetry performed at 24-48 hours after birth has facilitated the postnatal diagnosis. Positive results of dual-zone pulse oximetry were registered in 10 infants (0.24% of the total number of examined newborns). In 8 cases, echocardiography verified critical congenital heart defects; false-positive test was seen in 2 cases, false-negative test - in 1 case.
Conclusion. The specificity of pulse oximetry for diagnosis of severe congenital heart defects in the early neonatal period is very high (99.9 %), the sensitivity is 87.5%, with a small probability of false positives, that allows to consider the dual-zone pulse oximetry as a useful diagnostic method complementary to a thorough clinical examination of the newborn.
Variability of heart rhythm and features of psychological status in young hockey players
Authors: Yakovleva L V , Shangareeva G N
Published: August 2015

Aim. To study the heart rate variability and characteristics of psychological status in young hockey players in professional sports.

Methods. 65 young hockey players of «Salavat Yulaev» children’s youth sports school of Olympic reserve were examined. The mean age was 14.7±0.5 years, sports experience - 8.75±1.5 years. Determination of the vegetative regulation type and spectral analysis of heart rate variability was performed on a hardware-software «Polispektr-8» complex manufactured by «Neurosoft». Vegetative regulation state was determined by the vagosympathetic balance ratio (LF/HF). The following parameters of heart rate variability were measured: TP (total power of spectrum), HF (high-frequency waves power), LF (low-frequency waves power), VLF (very low frequency waves power), heart rate was calculated. A questionnaire survey was performed using five-factor personality questionnaire known as the «Big Five».

Results. Parasympathetic type of vegetative tone regulation was identified in 30 (46.1%) of young hockey players, balanced initial vegetative tone - in 28 (43.1%) patients, sympathetic type - in 7 (10.8%) patients. Changing of the vegetative regulation type in athletes with sympathetic regulation demonstrates a shift in autonomic balance towards the predominance of sympathetic influence, which is non-physiological for athletes. Such a state of maladjustment can lead to overwork, overstrain, significant reduction in work efficiency and later - to the development of diseases and injuries. According to psychological testing signs of mental and emotional stress and adaptive processes strain were revealed.

Conclusion. The results of the study allow to reasonably implement a differentiated approach to psychological support of the training process taking in account the functioning of the autonomic nervous system.
To the 85th anniversary of the pediatric education in Russia
Authors: Al’bitskiy V Yu , Polunina N V , Sozinov A S , Abrosimova M Yu
Published: August 2015

Aim. To illustrate the role of pediatric education in establishing the public health care system for children.

Methods. Historical-genetic and historical-comparative methods were used.

Results. Pediatrics in the second half of the nineteenth century was formed as an independent science and the subject of teaching, Departments of childhood diseases were opened in Russian universities. Among the factors that contributed to the formation of the state system of pediatric care, was a critical situation in the children healthcare of the Russian Empire and the high level of children mortality. In the early twentieth century, medical and social measures to solve this problem were introduced in the country. Immediately after the October Revolution, the construction of the Soviet system of motherhood and childhood protection started. Basics of creating pediatric education in Russia are connected with the establishment of the Faculty of maternal, infant and child health at the Second Moscow Medical Institute in 1930 and the Leningrad Pediatric Medical Institute in 1935, which were World’s pioneers in pediatric training. Pediatric faculty of the Kazan State Medical University opened in 1933. In 80-s of the twentieth century, pediatricians were prepared by 57 pediatric faculties all over the Soviet Union.

Conclusion. Due to the large and fruitful work of graduates of pediatric faculties, there was a significant improvement in children health, manifested primarily as the significant decrease in infant mortality.
Emperor Nicholas II free hospital and clinic for visiting patients at the Kiev Pokrovsky monastery at the end of XIX and beginning of XX century
Authors: Blokhina N N
Published: August 2015

The article describes the Kiev Pokrovsky monastery hospitals for outpatients, providing the medical aid at the end of XIX and at the beginning of XX century for the population of South-West and North-West region of the Russian Empire. Interesting documentary facts are enlightened: «December 6, 1898 Emperor Nicholas II Highest deigned to call the hospital and clinic for outpatients as the “Free hospital and clinics for outpatients of Emperor Nicholas II at the Kiev female cenobitic monastery”». The article uncovers the activities of a magnificent doctor Nikolay Viktorovich Solomka, companion of the Grand Duchess Aleksandra Petrovna, who was able to find proper word for moral and spiritual influence on patients while addressing to the colleagues and sisters. Medicine in Kiev Pokrovsky Monastery-hospital was praised by an authoritative person and statesman, Academician Georgiy Ermolaevich Reyn (in future - long-term chairman of the Medical Board of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the first chief superintendent of the Main Directorate of Public Health). According to the report of the scientific mission of doctor A. Turkevich to the Kiev Pokrovsky Monastery-hospital, discovered by author, we can get a picture of the state of affairs in the medical facilities of the monastery. Achievements, raising the Monastery-hospital on the unprecedented level, are becoming evident. It is no coincidence that doctors - Delegates of the «Pirogov’s VI Congress» and doctors - delegates of the «X Congress of Russian naturalists and doctors» praised all of his hospital institutions and medical personnel while being acquainted with the Kiev Pokrovsky Monastery-Hospital.
Dynamic Model Parameter Identification and Simulation of SCR Based on Genetic Algorithm§
Authors: Hongjuan Ren , Diming Lou , Jian Zhu , Yiping Luo
Published: August 2015

The Selective Catalytic Reduce (SCR) is studied. The unknown parameters of the SCR kinetic model equations are fitted based on the Genetic Algorithm (GA), which is in the range of the allowable error, compared to the experimental data. Then in AVL Boost software, the simulation results of SCR reaction are obtained. Compared to the test data, the simulation results prove that the parameter identification is effective. At last, the SCR reaction is simulated in AVL Boost, and at the same exhaust temperature, the effect of GHSV and NSR on the SCR reaction is studied.
Productivity Model for Shale Gas Reservoir with Comprehensive Consideration
of Multi-mechanisms
Authors: Deng Ya , Guo Rui , Tian Zhongyuan , Xiao Cong , Han Haiying , Tan Wenhao
Published: August 2015

Multi-stage fracturing horizontal well currently has been proved to be the most effective method to produce
shale gas. This method can activate the natural fractures system defined as stimulated reservoir volume (SRV), the remaining
region similarly is defined as un-stimulated reservoir volume (USRV). At present, no type curves have been developed
for hydraulic fractured shale gas reservoirs in which the SRV zone has triple-porosity dual-depletion flow behavior
and the USRV zone has double porosity flow behavior. In this paper, the SRV zone and USRV zone respectively are
simplified as cubic triple-porosity and slab dual porosity media. We have established a new productivity model for multifractured
horizontal well shale gas with Comprehensive consideration of desorption, diffusion, viscous flow, stress sensitivity
and dual-depletion mechanism in matrix. The rate transient responses are inverted into real time space with stehfest
numerical inversion algorithm. Type curves are plotted, and different flow regimes in shale gas reservoirs are identified.
Effects of relevant parameters are analyzed as well. The whole flow period can be divided into 8 regimes: bilinear flow in
SRV; pseudo elliptic flow; dual inter-porosity flow; transitional flow; linear flow in USRV; inter-porosity flow and
boundary-dominated flow. The stress sensitivity basically has negative influence on the whole productivity period .The
less the value of Langmuir volume and the lager the value of Langmuir pressure, the more lately the inter-porosity flow
and boundary-dominated flow occurs. It in concluded that the USRV zone has positive influence on production and could
not be ignored.
Customer-Base Concentration, Profitability, and the Relationship Life Cycle
Authors: Irvine Paul J. , Park Shawn Saeyeul , Yıldızhan Çelim
Published: August 2015

Using a recently expanded dataset on supplier-customer links, we introduce a dynamic relationship life-cycle hypothesis. We hypothesize that the relation between customer-base concentration and profitability is significantly negative in the early years of the relationship, but becomes positive as the relationship matures. The key driver of this dynamic is the customer-specific investments that the relationship entails. These investments result in larger fixed costs, greater operating leverage, and a higher probability of losses early in the relationship, but can significantly benefit the firm as the relationship matures. Although many of these money-losing firms in early-stage relationships were not studied in Patatoukas (2012), we find a market reaction to increases in customer concentration similar to that in his paper. This result provides powerful confirmatory evidence of the value of customer concentration. We document one of the intangible benefits of customer concentration, technology sharing, and show how this benefit increases as the relationship matures.

JEL Classifications: L25; M41; G31; G33.
Dendritic cell–based immunotherapy targeting Wilms’ tumor 1 in patients with recurrent malignant glioma
Authors: Sakai Keiichi , Shimodaira Shigetaka , Maejima Shinya , Udagawa Nobuyuki , Sano Kenji , Higuchi Yumiko , Koya Terutsugu , Ochiai Takanaga , Koide Masanori , Uehara Shunsuke , Nakamura Midori , Sugiyama Haruo , Yonemitsu Yoshikazu , Okamoto Masato , Hongo Kazuhiro
Published: August 2015

OBJECT

Dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccination is considered a potentially effective therapy against advanced cancer. The authors conducted a Phase I study to investigate the safety and immunomonitoring of Wilms’ tumor 1 (WT1)-pulsed DC vaccination therapy for patients with relapsed malignant glioma.

METHODS

WT1-pulsed and/or autologous tumor lysate-pulsed DC vaccination therapy was performed in patients with relapsed malignant gliomas. Approximately 1 × 107 to 2 × 107 pulsed DCs loaded with WT1 peptide antigen and/or tumor lysate were intradermally injected into the axillary areas with OK-432, a streptococcal preparation, at 2-week intervals for at least 5–7 sessions (1 course) during an individual chemotherapy regimen.

RESULTS

Ten patients (3 men, 7 women; age range 24–64 years [median 39 years]) with the following tumors were enrolled: glioblastoma (6), anaplastic astrocytoma (2), anaplastic oligoastrocytoma (1), and anaplastic oligodendroglioma (1). Modified WT1 peptide–pulsed DC vaccine was administered to 7 patients, tumor lysate-pulsed DC vaccine to 2 patients, and both tumor lysate–pulsed and WT1-pulsed DC vaccine to 1 patient. The clinical response was stable disease in 5 patients with WT1-pulsed DC vaccination. In 2 of 5 patients with stable disease, neurological findings improved, and MR images showed tumor shrinkage. No serious adverse events occurred except Grade 1–2 erythema at the injection sites. WT1 tetramer analysis detected WT1-reactive cytotoxic T cells after vaccination in patients treated with WT1-pulsed therapy. Positivity for skin reaction at the injection sites was 80% (8 of 10 patients) after the first session, and positivity remained for these 8 patients after the final session.

CONCLUSIONS

This study of WT1-pulsed DC vaccination therapy demonstrated safety, immunogenicity, and feasibility in the management of relapsed malignant gliomas.
Colonization Resistance of the Gut Microbiota against Clostridium difficile
Authors: Pérez-Cobas Ana , Moya Andrés , Gosalbes María , Latorre Amparo
Published: August 2015

Antibiotics strongly disrupt the human gut microbiota, which in consequence loses its colonization resistance capacity, allowing infection by opportunistic pathogens such as Clostridium difficile. This bacterium is the main cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and a current problem in developed countries, since its incidence and severity have increased during the last years. Furthermore, the emergence of antibiotic resistance strains has reduced the efficiency of the standard treatment with antibiotics, leading to a higher rate of relapses. Here, we review recent efforts focused on the impact of antibiotics in the gut microbiome and their relationship with C. difficile colonization, as well as, in the identification of bacteria and mechanisms involved in the protection against C. difficile infection. Since a healthy gut microbiota is able to avoid pathogen colonization, restoration of the gut microbiota seems to be the most promising approach to face C. difficile infection, especially for recurrent cases. Therefore, it would be possible to design probiotics for patients undergoing antimicrobial therapies in order to prevent or fight the expansion of the pathogen in the gut ecosystem.
Application of Extension Sliding Mode Strategy to Maximum Power Point Tracking in Human Power Generation Systems
Authors: Wang Meng-Hui , Yau Her-Terng , Jiang Wei-Jhe
Published: August 2015

Sliding mode strategy (SMS) for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is used in this study of a human power generation system. This approach ensures maximum power at different rotation speeds to increase efficiency and corrects for the lack of robustness in traditional methods. The intelligent extension theory is used to reduce input saturation and high frequency switching in sliding mode strategy, as well as to increase the efficiency and response speed. The experimental results show that the efficiency of the extension SMS (ESMS) is 5% higher than in traditional SMS, and the response is 0.5 s faster.
Aluminum Laminates in Beverage Packaging: Models and Experiences
Authors: Bolzon Gabriella , Cornaggia Greta , Shahmardani Mahdieh , Giampieri Andrea , Mameli Alberto
Published: August 2015

Aluminum laminates are among the main components of beverage packaging. These layered material systems are coupled to paperboard plies except in the cap opening area, where the human force limit sets a requirement on the material properties to allow open-ability and the mechanical characteristics are of particular interest. Experimental investigations have been carried out on this composite and on its components by either traditional or full-field measurement techniques. The interpretation of the collected data has been supported by the simulation of the performed tests considering either a homogenized material model or the individual laminate layers. However, different results may be recovered from similar samples due to physical factors like the material processing route and the embedded defectiveness. In turn, the conclusions may vary depending on the model assumptions. This contribution focuses on the physical effects and on the modeling of the large localized deformation induced by material singularities. This topic is discussed at the light of some experimental results.
Freeze Drying Improves the Shelf-Life of Conductive Polymer Modified Neural Electrodes
Authors: Mandal Himadri , Cliff Richard , Pancrazio Joseph
Published: August 2015

Coating microelectrodes with conductive polymer is widely recognized to decrease impedance and improve performance of implantable neural devices during recording and stimulation. A concern for wide-spread use of this approach is shelf-life, i.e., the electrochemical stability of the coated microelectrodes prior to use. In this work, we investigated the possibility of using the freeze-drying process in order to retain the native low impedance state and, thereby, improve the shelf-life of conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)-PSS modified neural electrodes. Control PEDOT-PSS coated microelectrodes demonstrated a significant increase in impedance at 1 kHz after 41–50 days of room temperature storage. Based on equivalent circuit modeling derived from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, this increase in impedance could be largely attributed to a decrease in the interfacial capacitance consistent with a collapse and closing of the porous structure of the polymeric coating. Time-dependent electrochemical impedance measurements revealed higher stability of the freeze-dried coated microelectrodes compared to the controls, such that impedance values after 41–50 days appeared to be indistinguishable from the initial levels. This suggests that freeze drying PEDOT-PSS coated microelectrodes correlates with enhanced electrochemical stability during shelf storage.
New Region Planning in France? Better Order or More Disorder?
Authors: Ausloos Marcel
Published: August 2015

This paper grounds the critique of the reduction of regions in a country , not only in its geographical and social context but also in its entropic space. The various recent plans leading to the reduction of the number of regions in metropolitan France are discussed, based on the mere distribution in the number of municipalities in the plans and analyzed according to various distribution laws. Each case, except the present distribution with 22 regions, on the mainland, does not seem to fit presently used theoretical models. In addition, the number of inhabitants is examined in each plan. The same conclusion holds. Therefore, a theoretical argument based on entropy considerations is proposed, thereby pointing to whether more order or less disorder is the key question—discounting political considerations.
Identification of Nine Pathotype-Specific Genes Conferring Resistance to Fusiform Rust in Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda L.)
Authors: Amerson Henry , Nelson C. , Kubisiak Thomas , Kuhlman E. , Garcia Saul
Published: August 2015

Nearly two decades of research on the host-pathogen interaction in fusiform rust of loblolly pine is detailed. Results clearly indicate that pathotype-specific genes in the host interacting with pathogen avirulence cause resistance as defined by the non-gall phenotype under favorable environmental conditions for disease development. In particular, nine fusiform rust resistance genes (Fr genes) are described here including the specific methods to determine each and their localization on the reference genetic map of loblolly pine. Understanding how these and other apparent Fr genes in loblolly pine and other rust-susceptible pines impact resistance screening, parental and progeny selection, and family and clonal deployment is an important area in forest genetics research and operational tree breeding. The documentation of these Fr genes is a key piece of information towards gaining that understanding and ultimately improving breeding and deployment strategies.