bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Pluchea indica Leaf Extract in TNF-α-Induced Human Endothelial Cells
Authors: SRISOOK Klaokwan , JINDA Suthasinee , SRISOOK Ekaruth
Published: May 2021

Pluchea indica is a shrub plant found in mangrove forests. The leaves are consumed as food and herbal tea and exhibit various biological effects, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, in macrophages and animal models. However, the inhibitory activity of P. indica leaf extract on vascular inflammation remains unknown. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of an ethanol extract from P. indica herbal tea leaves (PIE) on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced human vascular endothelial EA.hy926 cells. The cytotoxic effect of PIE was determined by thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide assays. PIE at concentrations of 12.5 - 50 µg/mL did not show significant cytotoxicity, whereas PIE at concentrations ≥ 100 µg/mL decreased cell viability. PIE inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in TNF-α-stimulated endothelial cells. To evaluate the PIE’s anti-vascular inflammatory activity, the protein expression of cell adhesion molecules, including intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), was determined by western blot. PIE significantly decreased TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, PIE upregulated heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Inhibiting the activity of HO-1 by tin protoporphyrin IX significantly blocked the suppressive effect of PIE on ICAM-1 but not VCAM-1 expression. Therefore, PIE exerts anti-inflammatory activity on vascular endothelial cells, at least in part, by suppressing ROS production and the induction of HO-1. The obtained data suggest that PIE is a promising substance for developing therapeutic agents or as an ingredient of functional food.
HIGHLIGHTS

Pluchea indica leaf extract (PIE) at non-toxic doses inhibited ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in TNF-α-induced human vascular endothelial cells
PIE suppressed the production of ROS in TNF-α-stimulated endothelial cells
PIE exerts anti-inflammatory activity on vascular endothelial cells mediated partly through the upregulation of HO-1
Weight Estimation of Asian Sea Bass (Lates calcarifer) Comparing Whole Body with and without Fins using Computer Vision Technique
Authors: JONGJARAUNSUK Roongparit , TAPARHUDEE Wara
Published: May 2021

An optimal model to evaluate the weight of the whole body of Asian sea bass with and without fins was generated using computer vision image processing techniques. Image data of 25 fish randomly selected were collected every week for one month. The data were divided into two sets by means of a 40 - 60 % split-test, 40 % (10 fish; 100 images) were used as training data and 60 % (15 fish; 150 images) were used as out-samples or validation data. The model using fish images without fins gave a higher average and total coefficient of determination (N150R2 = 0.77 ± 0.10, N600R2 = 0.96) than using images with fins (N150R2 = 0.24 ± 0.20, N600R2 0.63). Errors as root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), mean absolute relative error (MARE), maximum absolute error (MXAE), and maximum relative error (MXRE) were compared using mathematical models.  Results showed that the model using fish images without fins recorded fewer errors, with average values of 9.19 ± 3.74 g, 6.06 ± 3.64 g, 5.18 ± 3.08 %, 8.87 ± 3.26 g and 0.12 ± 0.12 %, respectively compared with fish images with fins at 12.35 ± 4.45 g, 11.26 ± 3.61 g, 9.69 ± 2.94 %, 11.50 ± 4.71 g and 0.14 ± 0.11 %, respectively. Comparison between models, with and without fins, and normal manual measurement methods found no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05). Therefore, this technique may be applied for weight estimation in real pond conditions to give advantages of reduced time, stress and injury, with minimal interference in fish feeding compared to physical capture and weighing.
HIGHLIGHTS

2D Computer vision techniques can be applied for fish weight estimation
Fish images without fins show better results than those of with fins
The advantages of this technique are reduced time, stress and injury compared to physical capture and weighing
Step toward development of an automatic fish weight monitoring when the fish is swimming freely in the water

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Effect of Trimethyl Chitosan with Different Degrees of Quaternization on the Properties of Tablets Prepared using Charged Model Drugs
Authors: BOONTHA Supavadee , JAICHUM Duangdau , KUNSEANG Kannikar , WANJAI Korrakrit , BOONYO Worawan , PITAKSUTEEPONG Tasana
Published: May 2021

Trimethyl chitosan (TMC) has demonstrated effectiveness as an absorption enhancer for hydrophilic and high molecular weight (MW) drugs across the intestinal epithelium. However, the effects of degrees of quaternization (DQ) of TMC on the absorption of negatively and positively charged drugs have not been investigated. This investigation aimed to determine the properties of the tablets formulated using TMC with different DQ. In this study, TMC with DQ of 20 % (TMC-20), 40 % (TMC-40) and 60 % (TMC-60) were synthesized and subsequently characterized. Cetirizine dihydrochloride (CHC) and hyoscine butylbromide (HBB) were used as negatively and positively charged model drugs. Eight tablet formulations were prepared using the wet granulation method. The formulated tablets were evaluated regarding their properties in terms of thickness and hardness, weight variation, disintegration time, and dissolution profile. These tablets were evaluated according to the standards set by the United States Pharmacopeia (USP41) guidelines. The results showed that TMC with all DQ have the MW and an intrinsic viscosity less than starting chitosan. The MW and an intrinsic viscosity of the synthesized TMC decreased with increasing DQ. In order to evaluate the effect of TMC with various DQ on the properties of the formulated tablets, all tablet formulations prepared had good characteristics and were found to be within the acceptable range based on the requirements of USP. In conclusion, TMC had a minor retarding effect on the dissolution profiles of CHC from the formulated tablets. Still, TMC was able to significantly delay the release of HBB from the formulated tablets (p > 0.05). When TMC with various DQ were compared, TMC-60 showed higher drug release than TMC-20 and TMC-40.  In our study, we observed a possible interaction between the model drugs and TMC. This warrants the need for further studies.
HIGHLIGHTS

Degree of quaternization represents the charge density of trimethyl chitosan (TMC) 
Degradation of the polymer backbone occurred in the synthesis reaction step  
TMC affects dissolution profiles of a negative charged drug 
Ionic interaction and viscous gel layer of TMC affects the model drug release
EXPERIENCES OF SOLIDARITY ECONOMY AND RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION IN AGROECOLOGICAL MARKETS IN MEXICO: LEARNING AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Bustamante Rocío García , Rueda Héctor Nicolás Roldán , Cacho Mateo Mier y Terán Giménez , Tovar Laura Gómez
Published: May 2021

Given the dominant agribusiness and economic model that has had adverse effects within local food systems around the world, various organizational experiences have been formed within the framework of social economy and fair trade. Since the end of the decade of the 90’s, in Mexico the emergence of local markets begins whose objective is to promote forms of organic production and healthy food and which, in turn, promote responsible consumption with the natural and social environment at the territorial level. In this work we reflect the different experiences of agroecological markets in central Mexico such as: Tianguis Organic Chapingo, Tianguis Alternativo of Puebla, Mercado Maculli Teotzin, Tianguis del Mayab, and Tianguis Agroecológico of José María Morelos. We expose under the focus of solidarity economy and responsible consumption, intermediation processes, participatory certification, as well as the challenges of these markets. The objective of this paper is to analyze and make visible some of the characteristics, challenges and virtues offered by these experiences around the supply of healthy foods, the consolidation of marketing channels, the recovery of physical and symbolic spaces for the exchange of products, dialogues, strategies and links, among others. For this, the contributions of the solidarity economy that puts work and the human being at the center of the discussion, are recovered, to have a positive impact on the quality of life of its participants, and thus reconfigure the social and economic relations that are showed among the different actors.
PRICE EVALUATION OF ORANGE, UNDER THE FAIR TRADE SYSTEM IN MEXICO
Authors: Vicencio Celeste Gisele Hernández , Bueno Laura Elena Garza , Galindo Bartolomé Cruz , Jiménez Juan Morales , Silvestre José Miguel Omaña
Published: May 2021

Orange production in the Totonacapan region of the state of Veracruz it is one of the main economic sources in the region and throughout the state. However, the downward movements in prices and intermediary have led producers to seek new market inser-tion alternatives such as the fair trade and organic production. The need of producers to have more elements of trial for to decision making regarding the best alternative motivated the present study. Therefore, the objectives of the same is to assess the minimum price paid out in the market farm for fair trade with regard to the cost of orange production from four organizations registered under this model. Additionally, contrast results achieved whit a group of producers dedicated to the organic production. In both cases it was used the methodology of the Fairtrade Guide to Sustainable Production Costs (COSP). The indicator shows that fair trade organizations are profitable as long as they have an average profit margin that ranks from 20% to 34% of the cost their production per hectare. The profit margin of the organization of organic orange producers is higher than fair trade organizations with a profi-tability 158% considering of the cost its production per hectare. However, the producers should regard others factors in matter of commercialization, organization and social profit prevenient to decision making.
Efficient Water Usage Prediction and Metering System Using IoT
Authors: Suresh Mr. D. , D Sarulatha. , S Vedhika.
Published: May 2021

Water is one of the most valuable natural commodities. Water is used for various aspects such as drinking, cooking, etc. At the same time, water is wasted and it is not efficiently consumed. Conserving water is becoming increasingly important in the world as it faces a widening gap between ever reducing water supplies due to poor water governance and increased demand from population growth. So water cost is increasing day by day. Therefore, there is a need to keep track of day-to-day water usage. Also, people living in the flat face the problem where the customer who is not using the water most of the time and the customer using the maximum amount of water have to pay the same amount for water consumption, this results in unfair billing. To overcome this problem, this proposed system calculates water bill based on the volume of water consumed, rather than a flat rate or a fee based on the size of the property serviced, and generates a fair bill accordingly. This system calculates the flow consumption of each and every inlet of the flat through the water flow sensor and also the system automatically generates the accurate water consumption bill for each flat along with the graphical analysis of water consumption data using a live web page. And also, it has a special advantage of leakage detection, open tap detection, and no flow detection alert SMS. The complete leakage of water will be avoided. The data will be updated to the web page frequently and data can be monitored wirelessly. When no bill is paid, the water connection can be automatically stopped. Thus, this project will help us to do effective water conservation.
Smart Railway Gate Assistance System Using AI
Authors: Siva Mr. T. , Jenifer T. Adlin , Priya S. Deva
Published: May 2021

Railway level crossing accidents saw a 20% jump in 2019 even as the number of accidental deaths remained largely constant compared to the previous year the latest government show that there are 1,788 level crossing accidents in 2019 alone, up from 1408 in 2018 according to the latest NCRB data. In the 2016, the NCRB data showed that 1,652 deaths had occurred due to careless level crossing, out of which there where instances of vehicle collision In this project is focused on preventing rail level crossing accidents that occur due to careless manual opening of the rail gate at a time when the train is near the gate location. This project makes use of a processing module with a camera to look and detect for train nearby the gate to prevent the opening of the gate. The hardware module is kept a minimum of 100 meters from the track to detect for a running train. The processing module signals the microcontroller which will be connected to the gate through a wi-fi module to close the gate on detecting a running train. When no train is detected the gate is kept open. A web application using react JS is developed to effectively notify the user of the list of trains fast approaching near the railway gate. Thus, this project prevents any accidents from occurring due to careless opening of a rail gate saving lives from being lost.
Comparison of various methods of flines of flax raw materials used in Kazakhstan
Authors: Kalzhan G. Ye. , Otynshiyev M. B. , Niyazbekov B. Zh.
Published: May 2021

Significant attention in the article is devoted to the study of different technology of the lobe and the physical and mechanical properties of oil flax fiber and primary processing in relation to Kazakhstan.  When studying the technology of oil flax fiber soaking, the task was set of separate the fiber from the stems, removal of lignin and pectin-forming substances. The questions of various technologies of the flax stalks are considered. The most optimal technology for producing textile fiber was determined for the conditions of Kazakhstan. Comparative studies of linear density and length of fibers have been carried out. According to the results obtained, the linear density of the fiber in an aqueous medium is 6.7 T, the result of the treated fiber is 3.1 T. That is, the technology used is to remove lignin and pectin from the fiber.
Investigating the effects of depressant additives on the low temperature properties of petroleum products
Authors: Zainullina A. Sh. , Sibatov D. K.
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the low temperature properties of petroleum products and the influence of depressant additives on former. The objects of the study are the summer mark diesel fuel produced by «ПетроКоммерцОйлКазахстан» and depressant additives of «AGA», «MANNOL», «FENOM», «CYCLO C-24» brands. Such physical and chemical characteristics of petroleum products as flashpoint, pour point, cloud point, cold filter plugging point and kinematic viscosity of pure diesel fuel at the presence and absence of depressor additives of brands listed above. The best performance among studied additives is shown by «MANNOL» brand additive.
Effect of zinc nanoparticles on corrosion resistance of metals coated with composite materials based on epoxy oligomers
Authors: Iztayeva Ja. S. , Shayahmetova M. Sh.
Published: May 2021

The article presents the results of a study of the anti-corrosion properties of composite materials based on epoxy resin modified with a mixture of AGM-9 and TGM-3 in a ratio of 1:3 and treated with zinc oxide nanoparticles. It is established that the coating of metals with epoxy oligomers and zinc nanoparticles significantly increases their resistance to corrosion. After holding in a 3.5% NaCl solution for 90 days, the hardness of metals without coating decreases by 22%, modified with AGM-9 and TGM-3 composites - by 11%, and modified with epoxy oligomers in combination with zinc nanoparticles-by only 3 %.
Synthesis of heterocyclic bromacetylene alcohols and their acryl -, methacryl ethers
Authors: Yagudeev T. A. , Yagudeev A. T. , Mubarak N. A. , Sadykova K. B.
Published: May 2021

The article presents a method for obtaining heterocyclic bromoacetylenic alcohols by the action of sodium hypobromide on cyclic and heterocyclic acetylene alcohols, as well as their acrylic and methacrylic esters using lithium aluminum complexes. The composition and structure of the obtained products were confirmed by the data of elemental analysis, IR and PMR spectra. As a result of the study, it was found that in the presence of lithium aluminum hydride, the product yield in all cases is higher than 80 %.
Study of the influence of technological processes on the breaking of any fibers
Authors: Dulat A. A. , Otynshiyev M. B.
Published: May 2021

In this work, research has been carried out on changes in the linear density of bast fibers during processing on a hammer, clog and carding machine. Physical and mechanical properties of fibers before and after processing are determined. According to the results of the study showed that the linear density of fibers on the meat machine does not depend on the number of treatments, the average fineness of hemp fibers after the meat machine is 25.8 tex. In addition, the study shows that it is possible to offer a technology for processing short hemp fiber, after which you can get a more bleached and thinner linear density fiber. The average fiber fineness after all technological processes on the grinding machine, hammer mill and carding is 21.3 tex.
Influence of heat treatment on the amino acid composition of grape juices direct extraction
Authors: Kekibayeva A. K. , Konys A. , Baygazieva G. I.
Published: May 2021

Currently, the development of technology for functional beverages based on direct-pressed grape juice is a particularly important and urgent task due to the presence of a diverse and affordable raw material base in the South of Kazakhstan. In view of the fact that high temperatures applied for a short time do not have a profound negative impact on the quality of juice, the assessment of heat treatment as a key technological stage that affects the change in the composition of free amino acids in experimental samples of straight-pressed wine juices was carried out. Taking into account the totality of data from the organoleptic and chemical analysis of experimental samples, for the production of juices with a high level of biological value, we recommended the Sensation and Husain red grape varieties with a high set of amino acids after the pasteurization process: 1504.5 mg / dm3 and 1288.8 mg / dm3 respectively.
Writing performance in EFL at a college level using peer editing
Authors:   Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Cárdenas Sánchez Silvia Elizabeth , Naranjo Lozada Ximena Elizabeth ,   Universidad Técnica de Ambato
Published: May 2021

Today, people are learning more and more languages for different reasons. To learn a language includes the development of all the skills in order to comprehend oral and written material. English, which is a universal language, is one of those languages, and it is used in different fields to promote communication. Thus, this paper focuses on one of the most important skills, which is writing. In a setting where English is taught as a Foreign Language (EFL), it is essential to learn how to write correctly following the language standards. With this in mind, the following research is framed in a context where college students developed the writing skill through paragraphs and peer correction. Students were instructed in different writing topics and peer correction.
Using cellphone-based games in EFL instruction
Authors:   Universidad Técnica de Machala, Soto Sandy T. , Espinosa Cevallos Ligia Fernanda ,   Universidad Regional Amazónica, Pomavilla José ,   Universidad Yachay Tech
Published: May 2021

The advent of technology has influenced education, even in the most remote parts of the world. Nowadays, it is totally normal for a person to have some technological devices such as laptops, iPads, tablets, and especially cell phones. Ecuador is not far from this reality. Moreover, in the English Language Learning Standards, the Ministry of Education suggests using technological resources in teaching (eg internet, software, computers and related devices). Given this warm welcome to the use of technology in Ecuador’s English classes, as well as the number of students using cell phones in Ecuador, this chapter is intended to provide basic information on the use of cell phone games within English class.
Relación entre el cuadro de mando integral y los sistemas de gestión de activos ISO 55.001
Authors:   Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Gutiérrez Navas Elsa , Santis Jaimes Paula ,   Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Martínez Pérez Nilsson ,   Instituto Colombiano del Petróleo
Published: May 2021

El Cuadro de Mando Integral (CMI) o Balanced Scorecard es un modelo de gestión que permite convertir la misión y estrategia de la organización en objetivos operativos, a los cuales se les hace seguimiento a través del uso de medidas de desempeño financieras y no financieras, permitiendo de esta forma la traducción y gestión de la estrategia. Dado que esta herramienta ha sido ampliamente difundida a nivel empresarial, el presente estudio busca evaluar el aporte del CMI como sistema de medición integral alineado global a la implementación de sistemas de gestión de activos bajo la NTC-ISO 55.001 y viceversa. Para ello, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica a partir de la cual se identificaron 81 requisitos para implementar el CMI como sistema de medición integral alineado global, distribuidos en sus 6 etapas.
Relación de los métodos y/o herramientas de gerencia estratégica y la ventaja competitiva sostenida
Authors:   Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Gutiérrez Navas Elsa Beatriz , Estévez Carvajal María Paula ,   Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana
Published: May 2021

La globalización y el desarrollo tecnológico han impuesto un gran reto a la sobrevivencia y competitividad empresarial. Esta investigación partió de una revisión bibliográfica de los 66 métodos y/o herramientas para soportar los procesos de gerencia estratégica con mayor divulgación en la literatura científica hasta el año 2017, con el fin de evaluar la relación de su adopción con el logro de una ventaja competitiva sostenida en el periodo 2013 a 2017 entre las grandes empresas del Área Metropolitana de Bucaramanga (Colombia). Para ello, se recolectó información de 58 de las 186 empresas objeto de estudio, superando la muestra para un margen de error del 10% y un nivel de confianza del 90%.
Ciclicidad, reglas macro-fiscales y sostenibilidad, alternativas para países en vías de desarrollo
Authors:   Cosultor Independiente, Londoño Espinosa Sebastián , Reza Paocarina Edison Bolívar ,   Cosultor Independiente, León Serrano Lady Andrea ,   Universidad Técnica de Machala
Published: May 2021

La literatura manifiesta tres puntos clave para contextualizar el manejo histórico de la política fiscal para los países de América Latina: i) política fiscal procíclica, ii) ausencia de estabilizadores automáticos, sumado a economías relativamente pequeñas y abiertas al comercio y; iii) los indicadores de sostenibilidad fiscal que se utilizan en la actualidad no son totalmente confiables, asociados muchas veces a la falta de transparencia y baja calidad institucional de los países. (Paunovic, 2010) Con dicho antecedente la investigación utiliza un modelo de equilibrio parcial que tiene como objetivo el estudio de las reglas fiscales del tipo: regla de gasto, balance cíclicamente ajustado en conjunto con una regla de resultado primario y, el análisis sobre la aplicación de una política fiscal procíclica.
Modelos e indicadores para medir el capital intelectual en IES
Authors:   Universidad Técnica de Machala, Muñoz Suárez Manuel A. , Guadalajara Olmeda Natividad ,   Universidad Politécnica de Valencia - España
Published: May 2021

La gestión del conocimiento (GC), es un proceso que permite administrar flujos de información de una manera eficiente para que estos sean útiles y permitan generar un valor agregado para la empresa. El capital intelectual (CI) como componente de la GC es la combinación de saberes y aptitudes puestas de manifiesto por los miembros de una organización para generar riqueza y ventajas competitivas para la empresa; el CI está conformado por tres componentes: capital humano, capital estructural (organizacional y tecnológico) y capital relacional. Ya sea una organización pública o privada, la valoración del CI permite potencializar las habilidades, destrezas y capacidades de su personal, para que los gerentes del conocimiento emprendan procesos de planificación estratégica en función del desarrollo institucional, enfocados a satisfacer las necesidades de los clientes, analizando sus requerimientos, preferencias y expectativas. Con las experiencias prácticas y organizativas, hábitos de trabajo, relaciones interpersonales y motivación, las personas influyen en el rendimiento y las actividades comerciales de una empresa; sin embargo, es muy difícil medir la influencia del conocimiento y expresarlo en cifras. La valoración del capital intelectual tiene una dimensión significativa, ya que permite una mejor gestión empresarial.
Aprovechamiento sustentable y medio ambiente: Un aporte al desarrollo local y regional, desde la experiencia Universitaria
Authors:   Universidad Técnica de Machala, Maza Maza Jaime Enrique
Published: May 2021

Desde un enfoque interdisciplinario, y con las diferentes dimensiones del desarrollo sustentable, que incluyen los aspectos económico, social, ambiental, tecnológico, institucional y político, esta investigación tiene como objetivo incitar desde la experiencia universitaria, el conocimiento del desarrollo local y regional, a través del aprovechamiento y gestión adecuada de los fenómenos y recursos naturales. No se trata de un estudio concluido, sino de un inicio de propuesta que servirán de escenarios para la continuación de nuevas alternativas y estrategias positivas para la sociedad y el país. Para tal efecto el libro se estructura en tres capítulos.
Estrategias para la gestión sostenible del páramo de la parroquia Urdaneta, sur de Ecuador
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Loja, Cartuche Paqui David Vladimir , Cartuche Paqui Víctor Alonso ,   Universidad de Ginebra, Armijos Duchicela Luis Ángel ,   Universidad Técnica de Machala, Neira Hinostroza César Augusto ,   Universidad Nacional de Loja
Published: May 2021

En Ecuador el páramo actualmente cubre unas 1.337.119 hectáreas, es decir el 5% del territorio nacional está ocupado por este ecosistema. En la parroquia Urdaneta, sur del Ecuador, el páramo ocupa un 44,05% de la superficie total y constituye la fuente principal de agua para consumo y regadío. Se planteó conocer el estado actual de conservación y gestión del páramo para delimitar estrategias de gestión participativa y garantizar la sostenibilidad de sus servicios ecosistémicos como base del desarrollo socioeconómico de la población, con miras a la construcción de ejes estratégicos como punto inicial para elaborar políticas de gestión compartida y multinivel del manejo sostenible del páramo. La metodología se basó en la construcción de un estado del arte que entre otras recoge información de experiencias exitosas de manejo de páramos. Valiéndose en fuentes primarias se realizó un diagnóstico socioeconómico y ambiental de la parroquia; fue necesario además construir una plataforma cartográfica precisa que permitió conocer información concreta del territorio.
Responsabilidad social en el sector público del Ecuador
Authors:   Universidad Técnica de Machala, Morocho Román Zaida Patricia , Pulla Carrión Eduardo Vinicio ,   Universidad Técnica de Machala, González Ramón Ernesto Xavier ,   Universidad Técnica de Machala
Published: May 2021

A partir del análisis de bases bibliográficas respecto de responsabilidad social, normas y acuerdos sobre el interés en la implementación de compromisos prospectivos para alcanzar el desarrollo sostenible, la presente investigación realiza una aproximación desde la perspectiva de la gestión pública y su grado de corresponsabilidad ética en las prácticas de buen gobierno mediante el análisis de las prácticas de responsabilidad social aplicadas en el sector público, frente a sus principales categorías, derivadas de la teoría expuesta, para orientar los cambios estructurales en la redefinición de políticas públicas incluyentes que se alineen a los objetivos de desarrollo según el Plan Nacional del Desarrollo 2017-2021 -Toda una Vida-, este alcance inicial se realiza mediante un diagnóstico y evaluación de la situación actual de las prácticas de responsabilidad social adoptadas en el sector público en el Ecuador, en busca de un equilibrio en la gestión en contextos similares basados en los efectos de buenas prácticas de responsabilidad en el sector público.
Competencias en investigación: un reto en la formación tecnológica y proyección de la responsabilidad social universitaria
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, Paredes-Chacin Ana Judith , Cajigas-Romero Margot ,   Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Paredes-Chacín Jeeleen M. ,   Universidad del Zulia - Venezuela
Published: May 2021

La enseñanza sobre los avances de la denominada revolución tecnológica promovida desde la formación universitaria, se plantea como una acción que promueve el crecimiento cuantitativo de la investigación, la innovación y el emprendimiento. Es por ello, que se determinan las competencias en investigación como un reto en la formación tecnológica y proyección de la responsabilidad social universitaria. El estudio se basó en una investigación analítica documental, diseño no experimental. Para la muestra se seleccionaron cinco universidades públicas de Colombia, México,Chile, Argentina y Brasil.
Responsabilidad social universitaria: un escenario para el desarrollo humano. Aproximación a su posicionamiento en Colombia
Authors:   Universidad Piloto de Colombia, Ramírez Carranza Lilian Andrea , Rodríguez López Javier Isidro ,   Universidad Antonio Nariño
Published: May 2021

La responsabilidad social universitaria (RSU), se ha convertido en un instrumento fundamental en la gestión de varias universidades en Latinoamérica, esto ha invitado a las instituciones promotoras de esta iniciativa a realizar un ejercicio juicioso sobre el quehacer de las universidades y su impacto en sus grupos de interés. El escenario más importante de actuación con de las universidades es el proceso de transformación de sus estudiantes, quienes llevaran consigo la responsabilidad de trabajar por la construcción de un mejor mundo para las generaciones venideras.
El redescubrimiento del periodismo literario desde la voz de sus protagonistas
Authors:   Universidad Técnica de Machala, Moreno Sánchez Paula , Tusa Jumbo Fernanda ,   Universidad Técnica de Machala
Published: May 2021

Antiguamente, la formación académica de un comunicador se veía limitada a la preparación que se adquiría en las empresas de medios, misma que se instruía en base de actividades generales y poco especializadas, lo que brindaba un ejercicio profesional más empíricio de la comunicación. Esta realidad la describe perfectamente, situando su estudio en los medios impresos colombianos, García Márquez (1982) en su texto ‘El mejor oficio del mundo’. Si bien es cierto, el mundo se ha visto sometido a grandes cambios, y por ende también la sociedad. A día de hoy, el lector, el televidente, el radioescucha, o como queramos llamarlo, se ha convertido en un ente más exigente y crítico, lo que produce una reinvención en la propuesta tradicional de los medios, los cuales ahora deben generar mensajes creativos, atractivos y de debate social, que permitan tener una real conexión, de empatía, con la audiencia.
On the Application of Mean Value Analysis Without the Normalization Constant in the Closed Queuing Networks
Authors: Sunday. O Agboola
Published: May 2021

An example of closed queue network could be view when patients arrive at a doctor’s ofﬁce to update their medical records, then it’s off to the nurse’s station for various measurements like weight, blood pressure, and so on. The next stop is generally to queue (i.e., wait patiently) for one of the doctors to arrive and begin the consultation and examination. Perhaps it may be necessary to have some X-rays taken, an ultrasound may be called for, and so on. After these procedures have been completed, it may be necessary to talk with the doctor once again. The ﬁnal center through which the patient must pass is always the billing ofﬁce. In this work, multiple-node” system in which a customer requires service at more than one node, which may be viewed as a network of nodes, and each node is a service center having storage room for queues to form and perhaps with multiple servers to handle customer requests is investigated in order to provide some insight into the performance measure analysis. Our quest is to exempt the normalization constant in the computation of performance measure in the closed queueing network. The arrival properties and Little’s law are use with the help of some existing equations and formulas in queueing network. Performance measures, such as Mean number of customers, response time, throughput, and marginal probability distribution are obtained for central server and load dependent server closed queuing networks for nodes 4 and 5, and also for k = 3 and k = 10.
Effect of International Capital Inflows on Economic Growth of Nigeria
Authors: C. O. Okoro, , S. N. Nzotta, , U. B. Alajekwu,
Published: May 2021

The study examined the effect of international capital inflows on economic growth of Nigeria for the periods, 1986 to 2016. The study employed four core channels of international capital inflows which includes foreign direct investment (FDI), official development assistance (ODA), personal remittances (REM), and external debt stock (EXTDS) into Nigeria as the explanatory variables and GDP growth rate as the dependent variable. The model of the study was hinged on the Harrod-Domar growth model and employed Johansen co-integration and Ordinary Least Square (OLS) techniques for data analyses. The result showed that international capital inflows have long run effect on economic growth of Nigeria. Specifically, the OLS revealed that FDI and REM had significant positive effects on economic growth. However, EXTDS and ODA had no significant effects on economic growth. The study further showed that international capital is a powerful tool for boosting economic growth of Nigeria(R-square = 71%). The recommendations among others include that policy makers should forthwith discourage the use of external debt and official development assistance in Nigeria.
The Prospects and Challenges of PoS as Electronic Payment System in Nigeria
Authors: I.A. Amaefule, , O. D. Njoku, , O. A. Agbakwuru, , U. L. Chilaka,
Published: May 2021

With the growing use of sophisticated electronic technology for e-financing globally, the introduction of PoS into the Nigeria economy has facilitated the ease of doing business without necessarily going about with huge cash in wallet. This paper has presented the prospects and challenges of Point of Sale (PoS) as electronic payment system in Nigeria. The study aimed to investigate the acceptance and issues surrounding the effective use of PoS for carrying out e-payment in Nigeria. Descriptive method was used to collect data from PoS merchants’ customers, who were orally interviewed in Owerri. The responses obtained show that majority of the customers interviewed were of the opinion that PoS was convenient and fast. Also, majority expressed high level of trust on the use of PoS. However, significant number of the customers still maintained that network failure, excessive charge on the use of PoS for making payment, security, unlimited number of PoS and other financial transaction irregularities affect the efficient use of PoS. These challenges may hinder the full adoption or acceptability of PoS in Nigeria. These challenges are however not peculiar to growing economy like Nigeria and as such, with strong commitment by stakeholders including government and private businesses in the financial sector, the Nigeria economy will witness accelerated growth in the adoption of PoS for making e-payment.
Biodiesel Production from Palm Methyl Ester (PME) –Review
Authors: Procha Aasif
Published: May 2021

In the era of the increase in globalization, this led to increase in industrialization and motorization. It’s obvious that with the increase in motorization the consumptions of auto fuels had been increased since long. This may lead to a reduction of fuels (diesel & petrol). Also, environmental issues have arisen from the emissions of toxic pollutants and greenhouse gases. Hence, it is necessary to look for an alternate energy source to respond this problem. To overcome this problem the replacer of fuel in CI engines had been introduced, i.e. “biodiesel”. Biodiesel is composed of fatty acid and some vegetable oils. This review paper briefly describes different biodiesel production methods, especially the production of biodiesel using palm methyl ester (PME) oil, by transesterification process. In addition, it also compares the yield of biodiesel produced form mill effluents and palm oil by-products using flask and batch reactor.
Evaluation of corn grain quality as produced by farmers at Marantao, Lanao del sur
Authors: Baraocor Guro Aldrees Ansary
Published: May 2021

The Study was conducted purposely to evaluate the farmers’ practices, post-harvest handling and income of Corn farmers in Marantao, Lanao del Sur. The study was administered in the Municipality of Marantao, Lanao del Sur. Samples were selected through random sampling. The study used descriptive quantitative and qualitative method. The data were gathered mainly through the use of questionnaires in order to identify the profile of the respondents, practices and knowledge. This study will be conducted to find out the socio-economic profile of the respondent and if there are significant relationship between grain quality and possible factors like Farmers Income in Pesos, Price per kilogram, Hectarage, Variety, Drying Method, Farming Method, Shelling Method, Crop Days to Maturity, Maturity Indices, Age of the Respondent, Gender of Respondent, Civil Status, Educational Attainment, Years in Farming, Frequency of Wedding. Majority (92%) are married, 6% single and 2% widow, Male farmers are (90%) while female farmers are (10%). Majority of the farmer respondents are more belonging to age bracket of 31-34. Majority of the farmer respondents attained elementary education (56%), 22% attained high school, 14% in college and 8% illiterate. Majority (96%) of the respondents owned the land they till. The farmer respondents are majority (94%) using the traditional method only (6%) using scientific farming. Most of the respondents (52%) have 1-5 years of farming experience, (32%) had 15 years of experience in farming, while 10% of them were doing same thing for 25 years. And majority 98% of farming practices used by the respondents used native corn variety and practiced the manual method of harvesting 60% of which is picked before dehusking while 40% dehusk the corn before picking. All respondents practiced the mechanical method of shelling. 60% of which are dried their corn before shelling and 40% shell the corn before drying.
Effectiveness of Extension Strategies on Information Dissemination on Mushroom Production
Authors: Hadji Jamel Norhanie Derogongan
Published: May 2021

The dissemination of information is necessary in every project to make the prospect clientele aware of the goal and significance of the project. This study determines effective strategies on informing the community about the mushroom production carried by the College of Agriculture in Mindanao State University Marawi Campus. A descriptive correlational study was used with the use of survey questionnaire. Respondents of the study were the participants of the trainings and seminars conducted by the College of Agriculture in the university. Findings revealed that location, religion, and occupation are correlated with the lack of materials. Age, civil status, and family income are also correlated with the lack of the extension agent in helping to transfer learning experiences from training to the job situation. The respondents agreed that educational training, information drive and development program help educate the community.
Tracer Study of the Bachelor of Science in Industrial Technology Graduates of Palompon Institute of Technology
Authors: C. Montuerto Ronilo , S. Mauring Rex
Published: May 2021

This paper examines the employment status of the graduates related to their present occupations. This was done to assist the administrators and faculty in the enhancement of the Bachelor of Science in Industrial Technology program of Palompon Institute of Technology. The study used the descriptive type of research method with 159 graduates as respondents. The result revealed that majority or more than half (55.34%) of the total respondents were employed and were working with jobs related to their specialization. However, there were seven percent (6.92%) of the total respondents were unemployed as revealed in the study. In addition, over thirty-six percent (36.48) of the questionnaire were not recovered from the respondents. Most of those who were unemployed cited that the reasons of unemployment was due to family endeavors and lack of experience. Thus, curricular review should be made to ensure the provision of more skills development programs especially in technical skills which really a great help in their future career. Furthermore, the institution should establish more linkages with establishments which can provide employment to the graduates after finishing the course.
Cytotoxic Potentials of Betel Quid and its Components
Authors: F. Moling Lichelyn
Published: May 2021

In this research, it aims to determine the potential cytotoxic effects of the betel quid, areca nut, betel leaf and slaked lime extracts using Allium cepaassay through evaluating the root length, chromosome aberration and mitotic index. A series of Allium cepabulbs were exposed to varying concentrations together with a known mutagen, colchicine. The treatment groups consist of: 100% and 50% of the betel quid and its components. After 48 hours of exposure, the root tips from the different treatments were processed for cytological studies by aceto-orcein squash technique. The cytotoxic effects of betel quid and its components observed in Alliumcepa root tips showed growth retardation in terms of root length in high concentration. There was a decrease in mitotic index percentage with increasing concentrations. The betel quid and components-induced chromosome aberrations were statistically significant (p<0.05). The result from the cytotoxicity study data revealed that the extracts of the betel quid and its components inhibited the growth of the Allium cepa roots and has potent cytotoxic effects.
Inventory and Resource Mapping of Fiber Yielding Plants in Mountain Province
Authors: B. Sia-ed Arel
Published: May 2021

Fiber crops are industrial field crops grown for their fibers which are valuable in the manufacture of paper, cloth, rope and textile products. In the Philippines, the major fiber crops as identified by the Fiber Industry Development Authority (FIDA) include abaca, silk and pina. In Mountain Province, the villagers use the fibers from indigenous crops in the hinterland in tying animals, bundling firewood and palay, and as clotheslines. The study was conducted to catalogue the fiber yielding plants in Mountain Province and to identify the specific areas where this grow. Descriptive research design using inventory, survey and mapping was utilized in the study. Preliminary consultation with the Municipal Agricultural Offices was conducted and validation was coordinated with the DENR-ERDS in Loacan, Baguio City Philippines. Findings show that there are eighteen fiber yielding plants in the province. Fibers may occur in almost any part of a plant: stems, leaves, fruits, seeds, or roots and are classified as trees, herbs, shrubs, and ferns. Majority of the fiber yielding plants are found in Western Mountain Province and they thrive in forests and mountains. Moreover, there are eleven families of the fiber yielding plants, majority of which belong to the family moraceae. These fiber yielding plants are recommended to be grown and propagated in the different municipalities of Mountain Province. Lastly, training on management of the fiber yielding plants should be conducted to add knowledge and ensure greater yield and quality produce.
PIT Community Extension Programs: The Three -Year Engagement
Authors: L. Olavides Ma. Marilyn , D. Mendoza Antonia , P. Bacalla Jenney
Published: May 2021

The academe is one of the main actors in the society that could possibly effect change by way of extending services that are socially responsive to the needs of the community and its people. However, certain concerns have to be addressed to ensure sustainability and relevance of the services extended. As such, a study was conducted to look into the community extension programs of the Palompon Institute of Technology (PIT), rendered to its adopted barangay. The study used the mixed-method descriptive-evaluative design utilizing structured questionnaires, focus group discussions and interview schedule in obtaining relevant data. Results showed that while barangay residents/beneficiaries have learned skills from the livelihood trainings/activities conducted however, these have not fully benefited them due to lack of capital and opportunities. Overall results showed that the PIT’s community extension programs and projects were successfully conducted. However the school needs to do something for the community to fully benefit the programs and projects. Linkages and partnerships with other agencies are suggested to attain project sustainability and more desirable outcomes.
The Effect of Global Risk Indicators on Developing Country Stock Exchanges
Authors: Baykut Ender , Diyar Selver
Published: May 2021

Global risk factors have great impacts on the economies and financial markets. It is observed that the stock markets of countries are affected by globalization especially in times of global crisis. To this end, CDS, VIX and Credit Ratings have started to be examined recently in order to decrease global risk factors. CDS, VIX, and Credit Ratings were determined as global risk indicators and these variables used as independent variables to detect the effect on BRICS-T (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa and Turkey) stock market returns. Daily data set of these variables from 2008 to 2020 were gathered for each country. After preliminary analysis, ARDL model was determined as the best-fitted model for each data set. According to ARDL Bound test approach, except for China, it was detected long-term relationship between variables for the all-remaining (Brazil, Russia, India, South Africa, and Turkey) countries. It means that global risk indicators affect the returns of stock markets in emerging markets.
China’s Artificial Intelligence Industry Alliance
Authors:   Center for Security and Emerging Technology, Arnold Zachary , Luong Ngor
Published: May 2021

As part of its strategy to achieve global leadership in AI, the Chinese government brings together local governments, academic institutions, and companies to establish collaboration platforms. This data brief examines the role of China’s Artificial Intelligence Industry Alliance in advancing its AI strategy, and the key players in the Chinese AI industry.