bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CRISPR-mediated generation and characterization of a Gaa homozygous c.1935C>A (p.D645E) Pompe disease knock-in mouse model recapitulating human infantile onset-Pompe disease
Authors: Kan Shih-hsin , Huang Jeffrey Y. , Harb Jerry , Rha Allisandra , Dalton Nancy D. , Christensen Chloe , Chan Yunghang , Davis-Turak Jeremy , Neumann Jonathan , Wang Raymond Y.
Published: December 2022

Pompe disease, an autosomal recessive disorder caused by deficient lysosomal acid α-glucosidase (GAA), is characterized by accumulation of intra-lysosomal glycogen in skeletal and oftentimes cardiac muscle. The c.1935C>A (p.Asp645Glu) variant, the most frequent GAA pathogenic mutation in people of Southern Han Chinese ancestry, causes infantile-onset Pompe disease (IOPD), presenting neonatally with severe hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, profound muscle hypotonia, respiratory failure, and infantile mortality. We applied CRISPR-Cas9 homology-directed repair (HDR) using a novel dual sgRNA approach flanking the target site to generate a Gaaem1935C>A knock-in mouse model and a myoblast cell line carrying the Gaa c.1935C>A mutation. Herein we describe the molecular, biochemical, histological, physiological, and behavioral characterization of 3-month-old homozygous Gaaem1935C>A mice. Homozygous Gaaem1935C>A knock-in mice exhibited normal Gaa mRNA expression levels relative to wild-type mice, had near-abolished GAA enzymatic activity, markedly increased tissue glycogen storage, and concomitantly impaired autophagy. Three-month-old mice demonstrated skeletal muscle weakness and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy but no premature mortality. The Gaaem1935C>A knock-in mouse model recapitulates multiple salient aspects of human IOPD caused by the GAA c.1935C>A pathogenic variant. It is an ideal model to assess innovative therapies to treat IOPD, including personalized therapeutic strategies that correct pathogenic variants, restore GAA activity and produce functional phenotypes.
Dip-coating electromechanically active polymer actuators with SIBS from midblock-selective solvents to achieve full encapsulation for biomedical applications
Authors: Rinne Pille , Põldsalu Inga , Zadin Veronika , Johanson Urmas , Tamm Tarmo , Põhako-Esko Kaija , Punning Andres , van den Ende Daan , Aabloo Alvo
Published: December 2022

Soft and compliant ionic electromechanically active polymer actuators (IEAPs) are a promising class of smart materials for biomedical and soft robotics applications. These materials change their shape in response to external stimuli like the electrical signal. This shape-change results solely from the ion flux inside the composite and hence the material can be miniaturized below the centimeter and millimeter levels—something that still poses a challenge for many other conventional actuation mechanisms in soft robotics (e.g., pneumatic, hydraulic, or tendon-based systems). However, the components used to prepare IEAPs are typically not safe for the biological environment, nor is the environment safe for the actuator. Safety concerns and unreliable operation in foreign liquid environments have been some of the main obstacles for the widespread adoption of IEAPs in many areas, e.g., in biomedical applications. Here we show a novel approach to fully encapsulate IEAP actuators with the biocompatible block copolymer SIBS (poly(styrene-block-isobutylene-block-styrene)) dissolved in block-selective solvents. Reduction in the bending amplitude due to the added passive layers, a common negative side-effect of encapsulating IEAPs, was not observed in this work. In conclusion, the encapsulated actuator is steered through a tortuous vasculature mock-up filled with a viscous buffer solution mimicking biological fluids.
Examining time–frequency mechanisms of full-fledged deep sleep development in newborns of different gestational age in the first days of their postnatal development
Authors: Kiselev Anton R. , Drapkina Oxana M. , Novikov Mikhail Yu. , Panina Olga S. , Chernenkov Yuri V. , Zhuravlev Maksim O. , Runnova Anastasiya E.
Published: December 2022

Early age-related changes in EEG time–frequency characteristics during the restful sleep of newborns of different gestational ages result in the development of conventional EEG signs of deep sleep already during the first postnatal week of their life. Allocating newborns to different groups based on their gestational age and duration of postnatal period allowed demonstrating substantial intergroup differences in brain activity during sleep and wakefulness, along with significant variability in the time–frequency characteristics of brain activity. The process of conventional deep sleep development in infants born prior to the week 35 of gestation is associated with an increase in the power of alpha activity in the sensorimotor cortex of the brain.
Design of standalone wireless impedance matching (SWIM) system for RF coils in MRI
Authors: Kandala Sri Kirthi , Sohn Sung-Min
Published: December 2022

The radio frequency (RF) power transfer efficiency of transmit coils and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the receive signal chain are directly dependent on the impedance matching condition presented by a loaded coil, tuned to the Larmor frequency. Sub-optimal impedance condition of receive coils significantly reduces coil sensitivity and image quality. In this study we propose a Standalone Wireless Impedance Matching (SWIM) system for RF coils to automatically compensate for the impedance mismatch caused by the loading effect at the target frequency. SWIM uses a built-in RF generator to produce a calibration signal, measure reflected power as feedback for loading change, and determine an optimal impedance. The matching network consists of a capacitor array with micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) RF switches to electronically cycle through different input impedance conditions. Along with automatic calibration, SWIM can also perform software detuning of RF receive coils. An Android mobile application was developed for real-time reflected power monitoring and controlling the SWIM system via Bluetooth. The SWIM system can automatically calibrate an RF coil in 3 s and the saline sample SNR was improved by 24% when compared to a loaded coil without retuning. Four different tomatoes were imaged to validate the performance of SWIM.
Wound healing approach based on excretory-secretory product and lysate of liver flukes
Authors: Kovner Anna V. , Tarasenko Alena A. , Zaparina Oxana , Tikhonova Olga V. , Pakharukova Maria Y. , Mordvinov Viatcheslav A.
Published: December 2022

Exogenous bioactive peptides are considered promising for the wound healing therapy in humans. In this regard, parasitic trematodes proteins may potentially become a new perspective agents. Foodborne trematode Opisthorchis felineus is widespread in Europe and has the ability to stimulate proliferation of bile duct epithelium. In this study, we investigated skin wound healing potential of O. felineus proteins in mouse model. C57Bl/6 mice were inflicted with superficial wounds with 8 mm diameter. Experimental groups included several non-specific controls and specific treatment groups (excretory-secretory product and lysate). After 10 days of the experiment, the percentage of wound healing in the specific treatment groups significantly exceeded the control values. We also found that wound treatment with excretory-secretory product and worm lysate resulted in: (i) inflammation reducing, (ii) vascular response modulating, (iii) type 1 collagen deposition promoting dermal ECM remodeling. An additional proteomic analysis of excretory-secretory product and worm lysate samples was revealed 111 common proteins. The obtained data indicate a high wound-healing potential of liver fluke proteins and open prospects for further research as new therapeutic approaches.
Topological random fractals
Authors: Ivaki Moein N. , Sahlberg Isac , Pöyhönen Kim , Ojanen Teemu
Published: December 2022

The search for novel topological quantum states has recently moved beyond naturally occurring crystalline materials to complex and engineered systems. In this work we generalize the notion of topological electronic states to random lattices in non-integer dimensions. By considering a class D tight-binding model on critical clusters resulting from a two-dimensional site percolation process, we demonstrate that these topological random fractals exhibit the hallmarks of topological insulators. Specifically, our large-scale numerical studies reveal that topological random fractals display a robust mobility gap, support quantized conductance and represent a well-defined thermodynamic phase of matter. The finite-size scaling analysis further suggests that the critical properties are not consistent with the expectations of class D systems in two dimensions, hinting to the nontrivial relationship between fractal and integer-dimensional topological states. Our results establish topological random fractals as the most complex systems known to support nontrivial band topology with their distinct unique properties.
Molecularly imprinted nanoparticle-based assay (MINA) for microcystin-LR detection in water
Authors: García Yadiris , Vera Myleidi , Jiménez Verónica A. , Barraza Luis F. , Aguilar Joao , Sánchez Susana , Pereira Eduardo D.
Published: December 2022

Mycrocystins (MCs) detection by a novel molecularly imprinted nanoparticle-based assay.
Insight into the antibacterial mechanism of Cu-enriched sol–gel coatings employing proteomics
Authors: Romero-Gavilán Francisco , García-Arnáez Iñaki , Cerqueira Andreia , Scalschi Loredana , Vicedo Begonya , Villagrasa Alejandro , Izquierdo Raúl , Azkargorta Mikel , Elortza Félix , Gurruchaga Mariló , Goñi Isabel , Suay Julio
Published: December 2022

New osteogenic and antibacterial Cu-sol–gel coatings were developed and widely characterized, deepening the understanding of Cu-biomaterial mechanisms to kill pathogens.
A biotin-stabilized HKUST-1/ADM scaffold for facilitating MSC endothelial differentiation and vascularization in diabetic wound healing
Authors: Zhang Qiong , Kong Linghong , Wang Qi , Wang Hui , Yang Yongzhen , Fu Jinping , Zhang Yue , Dong Jianyue , Zeng Changchun , Liu Hanping
Published: December 2022

The innovative biotin-stabilized HKUST-1/ADM scaffold can provide a potential strategy for promoting diabetic wound healing by facilitating MSCs endothelial differentiation and vascularization.
Quinoxaline-fused octaphyrin(2.0.0.0.2.0.0.0). A rudimentary chemosensor
Authors: Tan Bingbin , Ding Wenjing , Yin Yu , Xu Kui , Yin Ying , Chen Xi , Huang Zhengxi , Wu Lamei , Sessler Jonathan L. , Zhang Zhan
Published: December 2022

A quinoxaline-fused octaphyrin(2.0.0.0.2.0.0.0) was synthesized by the FeCl3-induced oxidative coupling of an α-free quinoxaline-fused tetrapyrrole.
Relaxation dynamics of 3He and 4He clusters and droplets studied using near infrared and visible fluorescence excitation spectroscopy
Authors: von Haeften Klaus , Laarmann Tim , Wabnitz Hubertus , Möller Thomas
Published: December 2022

The relaxation dynamics of electronically excited 3He and 4He clusters and droplets is investigated using time-correlated near-infrared and visible (NIR/VIS) fluorescence excitation spectroscopy.
Rich magnetic phase transitions and completely dual-spin polarization of zigzag PC3 nanoribbons under uniaxial strain
Authors: Ni Hui-Min , He Jing-Jing , Guo Fang-Wen , Dong Jia-Bei , Lu Tian-Yi , Cui Wen-Dou , Yuan Jia-Ren , Guo Yan-Dong , Yan Xiao-Hong
Published: December 2022

Strain leads to a rich magnetic phase transition in PC3NR, that is, from bandgap-tunable bipolar magnetic semiconductors to spin-gapless semiconductors to ferromagnetic metals or half-metal magnets and ±100% SP over a wide energy interval around EF.
Ag nanoparticles in the cages of MIL-101(Cr) as an efficient and stable photocatalyst for nitrogen reduction reaction
Authors: Zhang Xu , Li Xiaoman , Su Senda , Tan Mengyao , Liu Guodong , Wang Yingying , Luo Min
Published: December 2022

Ligand–metal charge transfer mechanism and localized surface plasmon resonance effect mechanism synergize efficient photocatalytic nitrogen fixation.
A mechanistic study of the photocatalytic activity of AgI–WO3 in an experimentally designed approach toward methylene blue photodegradation
Authors: Ghattavi Shirin , Nezamzadeh-Ejhieh Alireza
Published: December 2022

The visible light-active AgI/WO3 binary photocatalyst has been characterized using XRD, FTIR spectroscopy, SEM-EDX, cyclic voltammetry (CV), photoluminescence (PL), and UV–vis DRS techniques.
The synergistic activation of peroxymonosulfate for the degradation of Acid Scarlet GR by palygorskite/MnO2/Fe3O4 nanocomposites
Authors: Pan Min , Wang Ning , Weng Zhenting , Zou Xuehua , Huang Xiaoming
Published: December 2022

The possible mechanism of Acid Scarlet GR degradation by palygorskite/MnO2/Fe3O4 (PMM) activated peroxymonosulfate (PMS) is investigated.
Elucidation of the behavior of oxygen remaining in water molecules after hydrogen atom abstraction in the plasma/liquid (P/L) interfacial reaction: improvement in the selectivity of ammonia synthesis and parallel production of hydrogen gas
Authors: Yoshida Souma , Murakami Naoya , Takatsuji Yoshiyuki , Haruyama Tetsuya
Published: December 2022

Plasma/liquid (P/L) reaction is non-catalytic reactions at normal temperature and pressure. NH3is synthesized in one step from N2and water, and the produced NH3accumulates in the water phase. H2gas is produced in the gas phase in same process.
A glomerulus and proximal tubule microphysiological system simulating renal filtration, reabsorption, secretion, and toxicity
Authors: Zhang Stephanie Y. , Mahler Gretchen J.
Published: December 2022

Microphysiological systems (MPS) are powerful predictive tools for assessing drug-induced kidney injuries.
An efficient photocatalytic system composed of Ti3C2 quantum dots incorporated in TiO2 nanosheets and CuWO4 nanoparticles: fabrication and its photocatalytic activity for H2 production
Authors: Ren Shiyi , Qin Lixia , Zhang Taiyang , Li Xiangqing , Kang Shi-Zhao
Published: December 2022

An efficient photocatalytic system composed of Ti3C2 quantum dots incorporated TiO2 nanosheets and CuWO4 nanoparticles for H2 production.
Crown ether-based covalent organic frameworks for CO2 fixation
Authors: Gu Xiaoyi , Wang Bowei , Pang Yiying , Zhu Hongqi , Wang Run , Chen Tian , Li Yang , Yan Xilong
Published: December 2022

A novel crown ether-based COF, which was synthesized by Schiff-base reaction, had an excellent catalytic performance for the CO2 cycloaddition.
Lewis ionic liquid-loaded Fe3O4@SiO2 magnetic catalytic microspheres coupled with persulfate for catalytic oxidative desulfurization
Authors: Niu Anqi , Xu Hang , Yuan Qinlin , Wu Fengmin , Wei Xuefeng
Published: December 2022

Functional ionic liquid loading magnetic Fe3O4@SiO2 microspheres with persulfate were applied to desulfurization.
Pyrogallol, Corilagin and Chebulagic acid target the “fuzzy coat” of alpha-synuclein to inhibit the fibrillization of the protein
Authors: Bopardikar Mandar , Koti Ainavarapu Sri Rama , Hosur Ramakrishna V.
Published: December 2022

Catechol-based small molecules (Pyrogallol, Corilagin and Chebulagic acid) inhibit alpha-synuclein fribillization by interactions through the protein N-terminus.
New amino acid propyl ester ibuprofenates from synthesis to use in drug delivery systems
Authors: Ossowicz-Rupniewska Paula , Szczepkowska Kaja , Bednarczyk Paulina , Nowak Małgorzata , Nowak Anna , Duchnik Wiktoria , Kucharski Łukasz , Struk Łukasz , Klimowicz Adam , Czech Zbigniew
Published: December 2022

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of introducing structural modification of ibuprofen in the form of an ion pair on the permeability of ibuprofen through the skin and the properties of the adhesive layer of the medical patch produced.
Multiwalled carbon nanotube network connected Mg0.5Ti2(PO4)3composites to improve sodium storage performance
Authors: Ding Shuang , Yuan Jie , Li Huijin , Yuan Xianli , Li Min , Yang Chaoqiao
Published: December 2022

Carbon coated Mg0.5Ti2(PO4)3embedded in the CNTs network.
Nanocomposite of graphene oxide decorated Al-waste sludge for removal of rhodamine B from water
Authors: Nissanka Buddini , Jayasundara Dilushan R.
Published: December 2022

A nanocomposite of graphene oxide decorated Al-waste sludge is engineered to provide a sustainable and eco-friendly solution for wastewater treatment and waste disposal.
Ti–Mn hydrogen storage alloys: from properties to applications
Authors: Liu Jianjun , Sun Lei , Yang Jinggang , Guo Dongliang , Chen Dabing , Yang Liheng , Xiao Peng
Published: December 2022

The hydrogen storage properties, regulation methods and applications of Ti–Mn hydrogen storage alloys were reviewed.
An “immobilizing and relocating” strategy for a highly reversible metallic zinc anode
Authors: Yao Rui , Qian Long , Zhao Guangyao , Zhu Haojie , Qin Tingting , Xiao Chengxiang , Lin Hai , Kang Feiyu , Zhi Chunyi , Yang Cheng
Published: December 2022

The anion end of zwitterions can interact with water around the electrode/electrolyte interface and promote the zinc plating/stripping kinetics, while their cation end can be adsorbed on the metallic zinc surface and homogenize zinc plating/stripping.
Construction of Co@N-CNTs grown on N-MoxC nanosheets for separator modification to enhance adsorption and catalytic conversion of polysulfides in Li–S batteries
Authors: Zhao Guoqiang , Liu Sen , Zhang Xu , Zhang Yamin , Shi Huan , Liu Yang , Hou Linrui , Yuan Changzhou
Published: December 2022

A multi-dimensional hybrid Co@N-CNTs/N-MoxC framework is fabricated by using Mo2C MXenes as a conversion and growth template, and the mechanisms of inhibiting the shuttle effect and catalyzing the conversion of polysulfides are reasonably proposed.
A dual aperture (mesoporous and macroporous) system loaded with cell-free fat extract to optimize bone regeneration microenvironment
Authors: Qiu Enhui , Gong Yan , Yao Jieran , Lai Jinqing , Liu Zhihua , Yang Da-Peng , Shen Li , Chen Xiangrong
Published: December 2022

A graphical representation of the activities of porous scaffolds designed based on a dual-aperture (mesoporous and macroporous) system loaded with cell-free fat extract.
Poled polymers and their nonlinear optics
Authors: Yu Longjiao , Wang Yixuan , Zhan Siqi , Chen Donghe , Wang Shiwei , Zhang Mingyao
Published: December 2022

This paper reviews an overview of the history and research progress of poled polymers in terms of synthesis, poling method, and application, besides providing an outlook on it.
A multi-responsive luminescent Co(ii) coordination polymer assembled from amide-functionalized organic units for effective pH and cation sensing
Authors: Wang Luyao , Sun Xiao , Cheng Jiawei , Lu Jing , Tian Haiquan , Li Yunwu , Dou Jianmin , Wang Suna
Published: December 2022

A multi-responsive Co-CP demonstrates turn-on ratiometric/turn-off fluorescence sensing activities.
Novel intramolecular-tailored g-C3N4 with accelerated charge delivery for photocatalytic tetracycline degradation and hydrogen production: experimental studies and theoretical analyses
Authors: Wang Yating , Peng Chaosheng , Liu Airu , Song Jinyue , Li Xingang , Jiang Tao
Published: December 2022

The incorporated ethyl into g-C3N4 not only splits Np orbitals to extend visible-light harvesting, but also meanwhile accelerates charge delivery.
High-performance semitransparent organic solar cells based on sequentially processed heterojunction
Authors: Xue Peiyao , Xin Jingming , Lu Guanyu , Jia Boyu , Lu Heng , Lu Guanghao , Ma Wei , Han Ray P. S. , Zhan Xiaowei
Published: December 2022

Semitransparent organic solar cells based on sequentially processed heterojunction (SHJ) structure show a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.5% and an average visible transmittance (AVT) of 25.4%, outperforming the BHJ counterpart (PCE = 11.8%, AVT = 22.9%).
Effects of Cognitive Stress on Voice Acoustics in Individuals With Hyperfunctional Voice Disorders
Authors: Dahl Kimberly L. , Stepp Cara E.
Published: December 2022

Purpose:

Autonomic nervous system dysfunction has been implicated in the development and persistence of hyperfunctional voice disorders (HVDs). The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of cognitive stress, which is known to arouse the autonomic nervous system, on voice acoustics in female speakers with and without HVDs.

Method:

Adult female speakers—66 with HVDs, 66 without—were recorded while speaking with and without a cognitive stressor. Root-mean-square (RMS) of amplitude, fundamental frequency (
f
o
), low-to-high spectral energy ratio (L/H ratio), cepstral peak prominence (CPP), and relative
f
o
(RFF) were measured for each speaker and cognitive stress condition. Mixed-model analyses of variance and post hoc
t
tests were conducted to determine if cognitive stress affected voice acoustics and whether voice changes were greater for those with HVDs.

Results:

All measures differed significantly under cognitive stress for speakers with and without HVDs. RMS and CPP increased whereas
f
o
, CPP, and RFF decreased under cognitive stress. Changes in these measures were not greater in those with HVDs.

Conclusion:

Cognitive stress and presumed autonomic arousal affect voice similarly in female speakers with and without HVDs.
Bayesian inference of three-dimensional gas maps
Authors: Mertsch P. , Phan V. H. M.
Published: December 2022

The 21 cm emission from atomic hydrogen (H I ) is one of the most important tracers of the structure and dynamics of the interstellar medium. Thanks to Galactic rotation, the line is Doppler shifted and, assuming a model for the velocity field, data from gas line surveys can be deprojected along the line of sight. However, given our vantage point in the Galaxy, such a reconstruction suffers from a number of ambiguities. Here, we argue that those can be cured by exploiting the spatial coherence of the gas density that is implied by the physical processes shaping it. We have adopted a Bayesian inference framework that allows reconstructing the three-dimensional map of H I and quantifying its uncertainty. We employ data from the HI4PI compilation to produce three-dimensional maps of Galactic H I. The reconstructed density shows structure on a variety of scales. In particular, some spurs and spiral arms can be identified with ease. We discuss the morphology of the surface mass density and the radial and vertical profiles.
Estimation of large-scale deformations in VLBI radio source catalogs with mitigation of impact of outliers: A comparison between different L1- and L2-norm-based methods
Authors: Lambert S. , Malkin Z.
Published: December 2022

Aims. In this study, we compare several methods of modeling large-scale systematic differences between catalogs of positions of extragalactic radio sources provided by very long baseline interferometry with an emphasis on mitigating the impact of outliers.

Methods. The coordinate difference between catalogs was parameterized by first and second order coefficients of vector spherical harmonics. We solved for these coefficients by using the least-squares method (L2-norm) and, alternatively, by L1-norm minimization. The problem of outliers was addressed either by rejecting them on the basis of their difference to the mean or by using the cell median (CM) method, consisting of reducing the difference field to median values in cells of equal area. The methods were applied to simulated catalogs exhibiting systematics of within 100 microarcseconds - for which we knew the expected results - and to real catalogs.

Results. In simulations, the L1 minimization appears practically insensitive to outliers and is within a few microarcseconds of the expected results. Least-squared fitting preceded by L1-norm-based outlier detection performed similarly. The CM method gets close to the true parameter values, within one microarcsecond. When applied to real catalogs, all methods provide close results within a few microarcseconds.

Conclusions. The study shows that all tested methods are consistent with each other within a few microarcseconds. Hybrid L2/L1 and iterative L2 methods proved to be very effective in eliminating outliers and showed the best accuracy of the estimated parameters of the mutual orientation of celestial reference frames.
Accelerations of stars in the central 2–7 arcsec from Sgr A*
Authors: Young A. , Gillessen S. , de Zeeuw T. , Dallilar Y. , Drescher A. , Eisenhauer F. , Genzel R. , Mang F. , Ott T. , Stadler J. , Straub O. , von Fellenburg S. , Widmann F.
Published: December 2022

This work presents the results from extending the long-term monitoring program of stellar motions within the Galactic Center to include stars with separations of 2–7 arcsec from the compact radio source, Sgr A*. In comparison to the well studied inner 2 arcsec, a longer baseline in time is required to study these stars. With 17 years of data, a sufficient number of positions along the orbits of these outer stars can now be measured. This was achieved by designing a source finder to track the positions of ∼2000 stars in NACO/VLT adaptive-optics-assisted images of the Galactic Center from 2002 to 2019. Of the studied stars, 54 exhibit significant accelerations toward Sgr A*, most of which have separations of between 2 and 3 arcsec from the black hole. A further 20 of these stars have measurable radial velocities from SINFONI/VLT stellar spectra, which allows for the calculation of the orbital elements for these stars, thus increasing the number of known orbits in the Galactic Center by ∼40%. With orbits, we can consider which structural features within the Galactic Center nuclear star cluster these stars belong to. Most of the stars have orbital solutions that are consistent with the known clockwise rotating disk feature. Further, by employing Monte Carlo sampling for stars without radial velocity measurements, we show that many stars have a subset of possible orbits that are consistent with one of the known disk features within the Galactic Center.
First detailed study of two eccentric eclipsing binaries: TYC 5378-1590-1 and TYC 8378-252-1
Authors: Zasche P. , Sürgit D. , Erdem A. , Engelbrecht C. A. , Marang F.
Published: December 2022

Aims. The analysis of combined photometry and spectroscopy of eccentric eclipsing binary systems facilitates the derivation of very precise values for a large ensemble of physical parameters of the component stars and their orbits, thereby providing stringent tests of theories of stellar structure and evolution. In this paper two eccentric eclipsing binary systems, TYC 5378-1590-1 and TYC 8378-252-1, are studied in detail for the first time.

Methods. Radial velocities were obtained using cross-correlation methods applied to mid-resolution spectra covering almost the entire orbital phase domains of these two systems. TESS photometry was used for the analysis of TYC 5378-1590-1, whereas ASAS-SN photometry was used for the analysis of TYC 8378-252-1.

Results. We obtained the first precise derivation of the physical parameters of these systems. Both systems display moderately eccentric orbits (e ∼ 0.3 and 0.2) with periods of 3.73235 and 2.87769 days, respectively. The apsidal motion is very slow, with a duration of several centuries for both systems. We present two models for the apsidal motion of TYC 5378-1590-1. The internal structure constant derived from observations for TYC 8378-252-1 is approximately 11% lower than theoretical predictions. We discuss possible reasons for this discrepancy. Our analysis indicates that the components of both systems are on the main sequence. The components of TYC 5378-1590-1 are relatively young stars (age ∼600 Myr) close to the ZAMS, whereas the components of TYC 8378-252-1 are relatively old stars (age ∼4 Gyr) close to the TAMS. Our finding that the circularization timescale for TYC 5378-1590-1 is ∼200 times longer than its evolutionary age is compatible with circularization theory; however, our finding that the evolutionary age of TYC 8378-252-1 is approximately ten times longer than the circulation age, while its orbital eccentricity is quite high (e ∼ 0.2), challenges the present theories of circularization.
RadoNorm – towards effective radiation protection based on improved scientific evidence and social considerations – focus on RADON and NORM
Authors: Kulka Ulrike , Birschwilks Mandy , Fevrier Laureline , Madas Balázs , Salomaa Sisko , Froňka Aleš , Perko Tanja , Wojcik Andrzej , Železnik Nadja
Published: December 2022

RadoNorm aims to manage risks from exposures to radon and naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) to promote effective radiation protection based on improved scientific evidence and social considerations. It supports the European Member States and the EU Commission (EC) in implementing the Basic Safety Standards for protection against ionising radiation hazards at the legislative, executive, and operational levels (Directive 2013/59/EURATOM). The project is grounded on (1) implementation of multidisciplinary and innovative research and technologies, (2) integration of education and training, and (3) dissemination of project results targeting a broad stakeholder community including the public, regulators, and policymakers. The objectives are achieved through scientific research-related topics (exposure, dosimetry, biology, epidemiology, societal aspects), cross-cutting topics (education and training, dissemination, ethics) and project management. The project will yield guidelines at legal, executive and operational levels. It will enable consolidated and harmonised decision-making in the field of radiation protection, considering societal aspects and sustainable knowledge transfer. The project contributes to EC activities to strengthen radiation protection in a consistent and joint manner, as has already been done through the establishment of radiation protection platforms, the promotion of projects (e.g., DoReMi, OPERRA) and the partnership CONCERT-EJP. The outcomes may also impact future recommendations.
Predisposal conditioning, treatment, and performance assessment of radioactive waste streams
Authors: Holt Erika , Oksa Maria , Nieminen Matti , Abdelouas Abdesselam , Banford Anthony , Fournier Maxime , Mennecart Thierry , Niederleithinger Ernst
Published: December 2022

Before the final disposal of radioactive wastes, various processes can be implemented to optimise the waste form. This can include different chemical and physical treatments, such as thermal treatment for waste reduction, waste conditioning for homogenisation and waste immobilisation for stabilisation prior to packaging and interim storage. Ensuring the durability and safety of the waste matrices and packages through performance and condition assessment is important for waste owners, waste management organisations, regulators and wider stakeholder communities. Technical achievements and lessons learned from the THERAMIN and PREDIS projects focused on low- and intermediate-level waste handling is shared here. The recently completed project on Thermal Treatment for Radioactive Waste Minimization and Hazard Reduction (THERAMIN) made advances in demonstrating the feasibility of different thermal treatment techniques to reduce volume and immobilise different streams of radioactive waste (LILW) prior to disposal. The Pre-Disposal Management of Radioactive Waste (PREDIS) project addresses innovations in the treatment of metallic materials, liquid organic waste and solid organic waste, which can result from nuclear power plant operation, decommissioning and other industrial processes. The project also addresses digitalisation solutions for improved safety and efficiency in handling and assessing cemented-waste packages in extended interim surface storage.
Towards a single European strategic research and innovation agenda on materials for all reactor generations through dedicated projects
Authors: Malerba Lorenzo , Agostini Pietro , Angiolini Massimo , Bertolus Marjorie
Published: December 2022

The goal of the ORIENT-NM action is to produce a single European strategic vision on research and innovation concerning nuclear materials in the EU, serving all reactor generations and nuclear systems. The key in this endeavour is to focus on advanced materials science practices that, combined with digital techniques, will enable acceleration in materials development, manufacturing, supply, qualification, and monitoring, in support of nuclear energy safety, efficiency, economy and sustainability. The research agenda will be rooted in existing virtuous examples of nuclear materials science projects. Here the results of three of them are summarised, thereby covering different reactor applications and families of materials, as well as a range of advanced material research approaches. GEMMA addressed a number of key areas concerning the development and qualification of metallic structural materials for GenIV reactor conditions, focusing on austenitic steels and their compatibility with several non-aqueous coolants, their welds and the modelling of their stability under irradiation. INSPYRE was an integrated project applying a basic science approach to (U,Pu)O2fuels, to develop physics-based models for the behaviour of nuclear fuels under irradiation and improve fuel performance codes. Modelling was also the focus of the M4F project, which brought together the fission and fusion materials communities to study the effects of localised deformation under irradiation in ferritic/martensitic steels and to develop good practices to use ion irradiation as a tool to evaluate radiation effects on materials.
Chologene Diarrhö, Stiefkind der chronischen Diarrhö
– Prävalenz, Diagnostik und Therapie
Authors: Storr Martin , Gross Manfred , Madisch Ahmed , von Arnim Ulrike , Mönnikes Hubert , Walters Julian , Krammer Heiner , Keller Jutta
Published: December 2022

Die chologene Diarrhö ist eine der häufigsten nicht
diagnostizierten Ursachen der chronischen Diarrhö, der zahlreiche
verschiedene Pathophysiologien zugrunde liegen können. Auch nach
Ausschlussdiagnostik der häufigeren Ursachen verbleiben bis zu
5% der Bevölkerung von einer ungeklärten chronischen
Diarrhö betroffen. In diesem Kollektiv findet sich in bis zu 50%
als Ursache eine chologene Diarrhö.
Kosten-Effektivitäts-Analyse des Optifast 52 Programms bei
Patienten mit Adipositas Grad III und Diabetes mellitus Typ 2
Authors: Thiem Helena , Rychlik Reinhard P.T. , Weimann Arved
Published: December 2022

Hintergrund Adipositas stellt für eine Vielzahl weiterer
Erkrankungen einen wesentlichen Risikofaktor dar, darunter insbesondere Diabetes
mellitus Typ 2 (DMT2). DMT2 als Adipositas-assoziierte Folgeerkrankung bedeutet
sowohl aus medizinischer als auch ökonomischer Sicht eine hohe Belastung
für das deutsche Gesundheitssystem. Ziel therapeutischer
Maßnahmen zur Gewichtsreduktion bei Patienten mit DMT2 ist somit immer
auch die Verbesserung der diabetischen Stoffwechsellage. Bei Patienten mit
Adipositas Grad III (BMI≥40 kg/m2) kann
alternativ zu einer metabolischen bariatrischen Operation auch ein
strukturiertes, multimodales Therapieprogramm (Optifast 52 Programm) angeboten
werden.

Methodik In einer Kosten-Effektivitäts-Analyse sollen die
gesundheitsökonomischen Auswirkungen des Optifast 52 Programms im
Vergleich zur metabolischen Operation bei adipösen Patienten (BMI
40–50 kg/m2) mit DMT2 als
Adipositasassoziierter Begleiterkrankung ermittelt werden. Ziel beider
Therapieoptionen ist die Remission des DMT2 aufgrund von Gewichtsreduktion.
Mithilfe eines Entscheidungsbaum-Modells wird die Therapie des DMT2 für
einen Zeitraum von drei Jahren modelliert. Berücksichtigt werden die
direkten medizinischen Kosten aus Perspektive der gesetzlichen
Krankenversicherung in Deutschland.

Ergebnisse Die kumulierten Behandlungskosten des DMT2 liegen unter
Anwendung des Optifast 52 Programms bei durchschnittlich 9.425,01 Euro
für den Gesamtzeitraum von drei Jahren im Vergleich zu 13.727,94 Euro
für Patienten mit metabolischer Operation. Unter
Berücksichtigung der Effektivität der beiden Therapieoptionen
zeigt sich, dass das Optifast 52 Programm mit 11.536,33 Euro im Vergleich zu
14.908,56 Euro für eine metabolische Operation kosteneffektiv ist.

Schlussfolgerung Die Reduktion des Körpergewichts ist bei
Patienten mit Adipositas wesentlich für eine erfolgreiche Therapie des
DMT2. Die metabolische Operation kann dabei zu deutlichen Gewichtsverlusten
führen, ist jedoch aufgrund der vergleichsweise höheren
Komplikationsraten und der hohen finanziellen Belastung für das deutsche
Gesundheitssystem kritisch zu sehen. Aus gesundheitsökonomischer Sicht
stellt das Optifast 52 Programm deswegen eine kosteneffektive Alternative zur
metabolischen Operation dar.
Micropetrosis – Occlusion of Osteocyte
Lacunae
Authors: Kolibová Sofie Dragoun , Busse Björn , Jähn-Rickert Katharina
Published: December 2022

This article summarizes the current knowledge on micropetrosis –
osteocyte lacunar occlusion, while focusing on the latest data on osteocyte
viability and diabetic bone disease. The lacunae are fluid-filled ellipsoid
spaces where osteocytes reside within the mineralized matrix. During osteocyte
lifetime, the lacunar space is kept in a non-mineralized state. However, a dying
osteocyte appears to enable the initiation of lacunar mineralization –
creating a fossil within the living tissue. Elevated frequencies of
micropetrosis are observed with advanced age, but also type 1 diabetes mellitus.
The latter is a common health threat to our society with rising numbers of
patients suffering from the disease associated symptoms including a secondary
type of osteoporosis with an elevated risk of fragility fractures. While the
underlying mechanism of diabetic bone disease is not entirely understood, more
evidence is pointing towards a combinatory effect of loss of bone mass and an
impaired overall bone quality. The high number of micropetrotic osteocyte
lacunae leads to a more brittle bone tissue prone to microcracking. Further
investigations are required to determine the implications of elevated
micropetrosis as a reliable target of bone fragility.
Cranioplasty Using Three-Dimensional–Printed Polycaprolactone Implant and Free Latissimus Dorsi Musculocutaneous Flap in a Patient with Repeated Wound Problem following Titanium Cranioplasty
Authors: Koo Hee Tae , Oh Jeongseok , Heo Chan Yeong
Published: December 2022

Titanium mesh is an alloplastic material widely used for the reconstruction of moderate-to-large skull defects. Repeated wound problems or infection following these reconstructions inevitably lead to the replacement of the cranioplasty material. Among the various alloplastic materials, polycaprolactone implants are usually used for the coverage of small defects such as burr holes. 1 Herein, we present a case of a large cranial defect successfully reconstructed with three-dimensional-printed polycaprolactone implant and a free latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap. Until 1-year follow-up, the patient showed a favorable esthetic outcome with no complications or wound relapse.
Tissue Expanders in Staged Calvarial Reconstruction: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lo Andrea Y. , Yu Roy P. , Raghuram Anjali C. , Cooper Michael N. , Thompson Holly J. , Liu Charles Y. , Wong Alex K.
Published: December 2022

Cranioplasties are common procedures in plastic surgery. The use of tissue expansion (TE) in staged cranioplasties is less common. We present two cases of cranioplasties with TE and systematically review literature describing the use of TE in staged cranioplasties and postoperative outcomes. A systematic review was performed by querying multiple databases. Eligible articles include published case series, retrospective reviews, and systematic reviews that described use of TE for staged bony cranioplasty. Data regarding study size, patient demographics, preoperative characteristics, staged procedure characteristics, and postoperative outcomes were collected. Of 755 identified publications, 26 met inclusion criteria. 85 patients underwent a staged cranioplasty with TE. Average defect size was 122 cm2, and 30.9% of patients received a previous reconstruction. Average expansion period was 14.2 weeks. The most common soft tissue closures were performed with skin expansion only (75.3%), free/pedicled flap (20.1%), and skin graft (4.7%). The mean postoperative follow-up time was 23.9 months. Overall infection and local complication rates were 3.53 and 9.41%, respectively. The most common complications were cerebrospinal fluid leak (7.1%), hematoma (7.1%), implant exposure (3.5%), and infection (3.5%). Factors associated with higher complication rates include the following: use of alloplastic calvarial implants and defects of congenital etiology (p = 0.023 and 0.035, respectively). This is the first comprehensive review to describe current practices and outcomes in staged cranioplasty with TE. Adequate soft tissue coverage contributes to successful cranioplasties and TE can play a safe and effective role in selected cases.
Vulvar Reconstruction Using Keystone Flaps Based on the Perforators of Three Arteries
Authors: Lee Yunjae , Lee Sanghun , Lee Dongkyu , Yeo Hyeonjung , Park Hannara , Park Hyochun
Published: December 2022

Various flaps are used to reconstruct skin and soft tissue defects of the vulva following resection of malignancies. Whenever possible, reconstruction using local flaps is the standard treatment. Here, we describe vulvar defect reconstruction using keystone flaps. Standard keystone flaps are based on randomly located vascular perforators. However, we designed a keystone flap that includes perforators of three named arteries (the anterior labial artery of the external pudendal artery, cutaneous branches of the obturator artery, and posterior labial artery of the internal pudendal artery) and the pudendal nerve, which accompanies the internal pudendal artery. Four patients with squamous cell carcinoma and extramammary Paget's disease of the vulva underwent radical vulvectomy and keystone flaps including perforators of three arteries. Depending on the morphology of the defects, keystone flaps were used with different designs. For elliptical and unilateral vulvar defects, a standard keystone flap was designed, and for defects on both sides of the vulva, a double opposing keystone flap was used. For oval defects, the omega variant keystone flap was designed, and when the morphology of the defect needed rotation of the flap, a rotational keystone flap was designed. All the patients showed good function and sensation, with an acceptable cosmetic appearance.
Trueness and Precision of Eight Intraoral Scanners with Different Finishing Line Designs: A Comparative In Vitro Study
Authors: Falih Mina Yahia , Majeed Manhal A.
Published: December 2022

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy in terms of trueness and precision of eight intraoral scanners (IOS) and the effect of different finishing line designs on the IOS's accuracy.

Materials and Methods Three printed models of the maxillary arch with maxillary right first molar virtually prepared with chamfer, shoulder, and vertical preparation designs were used as master models in this study. Each model was scanned 30 times with each IOS: Medit i700, Planscan Emerald S, CEREC Primescan, TRIOS 3, CS3600, MEDIT i500, Heron 3Disc, and Cerec Omnicam. The trueness was measured by superimposition of the scanned dataset made with IOS and the scanned dataset made with a lab scanner (In Lab Medit T710) that was used as a reference and the deviation was measured and expressed as a color-coded map by the metrology program (Medit compare, version 2.3.5.892), while precision was measured by the superimposition of the scans of each IOS on each other.

The data were analyzed statistically using repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, one-way ANOVA test, and Bonferroni test at significance level of 0.05.

Results The tested IOS showed significant differences in trueness and precision. Medit i700 and CEREC Primescan recorded the highest precision with no significant difference between them, while Medit i700 recorded the highest trueness as compared to other IOS. Each IOS showed significant differences in trueness and precision with the three finishing line designs except CEREC Primescan and Heron 3 disc that showed no significant difference in trueness with the three finishing line designs and CS3600 that showed no significant difference in precision with the three finishing line designs.

Conclusion A significant difference in accuracy was found among the tested IOS and the type of finishing line design had a significant effect on IOS's accuracy.
Predicting a Child's Oral Health Status from the Mother's Oral Health Behavior
Authors: Utomo Afra Fahira Rissetyo , Iskandarsyah Aulia , Setiawan Arlette Suzy
Published: December 2022

Objective A mother has a decisive role in maintaining children's oral health, especially before the child is of preschool age. The behavior of mother becomes a source of learning for children who can determine the child's condition, including health behavior. This study analyzes the relationship between maternal oral health behavior and children's oral health status.

Materials and Methods The research methodology used is a quantitative observational study with a cross-sectional approach to determine the oral health behavior of mothers and children's oral health status. The population of this study were mothers with their first child aged between 3 and 5 years in Tanjungsari, Tanjungsari, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia. The sampling method and technique used nonrandom and consecutive sampling from six health center units which yielded 46 mothers. Correlation analysis was done with chi-squared validity statistical test and Spearman rank correlation.

Results The score for the mother's oral health behavior was 75.54, while the score for the child's oral health status was 54.46. The results of the Spearman rank correlation test showed that the maternal oral health behavior score's correlation coefficient (r) was 0.198 (p-value: 0.188). The calculation of the Spearman rank correlation shows that the mother's oral health behavior affects the child's oral health status in the food and beverage consumption selection.

Conclusion Based on all indicators of maternal oral health behavior studied, the behavior in maternal food and beverage consumption has a relationship with the child's oral health status, namely the better the behavior in the mother's food and drink consumption, the better the child's oral health status. Other indicators of oral health behavior did not show any relationship with the oral health status of children.