bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High Molecular Weight Silk Fibroin Prepared by Papain Degumming
Authors: Feng Yanfei , Lin Jiaming , Niu Longxing , Wang Ying , Cheng Zhiling , Sun Xiaoxiao , Li Mingzhong
Published: September 2020

A major challenge for the silk textile industry and for the process of silk-based biomaterials is to find a degumming method that can completely remove sericin while avoiding obvious hydrolysis damage to the silk fibroin. In this study, papain was used to degum Bombyx mori silk fibers under nearly neutral conditions based on the specificity of papain to sericin. The degumming efficiency was investigated, as well as the mechanical properties and molecular weight of the sericin-free silk fibroin. The results indicated that increasing the papain concentration aided in sericin removal, as the concentration increased to 3.0 g/L, the degummed fibers showed a clean, smooth surface morphology and exhibited a yellow color when stained by picric acid and carmine, confirming the complete removal of sericin from silk fibroin. Furthermore, an analysis of the amino acid composition indicated that the silk fibroin suffered less damage because papain specifically cleaved the binding sites between L-arginine or L-lysine residue and another amino acid residue in sericin, leading to a significantly higher molecular weight and improved tensile strength compared to traditional sodium carbonate degumming. This study provides a novel degumming method which cannot only completely remove sericin, but also maintain the original strong mechanical properties and high molecular weight of silk fibroin.
Gain-Scheduled Equivalent-Cascade IMC Tuning Method for Water Level Control System of Nuclear Steam Generator
Authors: Xu Zuhua , Fan Qingli , Zhao Jun
Published: September 2020

In this paper, a gain-scheduled equivalent-cascade internal-model-control (IMC) tuning method for water level control system of nuclear steam generator is presented. First, a water level control system for a steam generator is transferred into an equivalent cascade-feedforward control system. Second, analytical tuning rules for the equivalent cascade control system are derived based on the IMC-(proportional-integral-derivative) PID method, which can simultaneously tune the primary/secondary loops and avoid the re-identification step. Finally, gain scheduling is performed to eliminate the influence of process nonlinearity. The experimental results of nuclear simulation platform have demonstrated the superiority of the proposed tuning method.
Biomimetic Vanadate and Molybdate Systems for Oxidative Upgrading of Iono- and Organosolv Hard- and Softwood Lignins
Authors: Penín Lucía , Gigli Matteo , Sabuzi Federica , Santos Valentín , Galloni Pierluca , Conte Valeria , Parajó Juan Carlos , Lange Heiko , Crestini Claudia
Published: September 2020

Recently reported acetosolv soft- and hardwood lignins as well as ionosolv soft- and hardwood lignins were transformed into monomeric aromatic compounds using either a vanadate or a molybdate-based catalyst system. Monomers were generated with remarkable, catalyst-dependent selectivity and high depolymerisation yields via oxidative exo- and endo-depolymerisation processes. Using the vanadate–hydrogen peroxide system on acetosolv pine lignin, vanillin and isovanillin were produced as main products with depolymerisation yields of 31%. Using the molybdate system on acetosolv and ionosolv lignin, vanillic acid was the practically exclusive product, with depolymerisation yields of up to 72%. Similar selectivities, albeit with lower depolymerisation yields of around 50% under standardised conditions, were obtained for eucalyptus acetosolv lignin, producing vanillin and syringaldehyde or vanillic acid as products, by using the vanadate- or the molybdate-based systems respectively.
Discovering Low Toxicity Ionic Liquids for Saccharomyces cerevisiae by Using the Agar Well Diffusion Test
Authors: Missoun Fatiha , de los Ríos Antonia Pérez , Ortiz-Martínez Víctor , Salar-García María José , Hernández-Fernández Jesús , Hernández-Fernández Francisco José
Published: September 2020

Ionic liquids (ILs) are new solvents widely used in many technologies due to their unique and advantageous physicochemical properties. In biotechnological applications, ILs can be used along with microorganisms such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Due to the enormous number of ILs that can be synthesized through the combination of different anions and cations, it is necessary to have an easy and quick tool for the preliminary screening of their biocompatibility for being used in biotechnological applications. In this work, the agar well diffusion test was successfully applied as a rapid method to identify toxic/nontoxic ILs toward S. cerevisiae. Sixty-three ILs containing a diverse set of cations and anions were used. Through this methodology, nine fully biocompatible ILs toward S. cerevisiae were identified, including: [Bmim+] [NO3−], [HOPmim+] [NO3−], [Bmim+] [NTf2−], [N8,8,8,1+] [NTf2−], [S2,2,2+] [NTf2−], [EMPyr+] [NTf2−], [BMPi+] [NTf2−], [Moxa+] [MeSO4−] and [Chol+] [H2PO4−]. The analysis of the results also provides preliminary rules to enable the design of biocompatible ILs with S. cerevisiae. In this context, the toxicity was mainly determined by the cation nature although some anions can also display a strong influence on the IL biocompatibility as the bistriflimide anion. Besides, it was observed that an increase in the alkyl chain length of cations, such as imidazolium or pyridinium, involves an increase in the IL toxicity.
Human Robot Hand Interaction with Plastic Deformation Control
Authors: Murakami Kenichi , Ishimoto Koki , Senoo Taku , Ishikawa Masatoshi
Published: September 2020

In recent years, force control has become more important due to the physical interaction of robots with humans and applications of robots to complex environments. Impedance control is widely used in force control; however, it cannot reproduce the behavior of plastic deformation because it returns to the initial position when the force is removed, similar to elastic deformation. On the other hand, Senoo et al. have proposed plastic deformation control based on the Maxwell model. However, because plastic deformation control is model-based, it is subject to the modeling and parameter errors of the controlled system. A robot hand is relatively small and lightweight; because it uses a gearbox with a high reduction ratio for its joints, it is significantly affected by friction and tends to deviate strongly from the desired motion. Therefore, in this study, a method that is robust against modeling and parameter errors is proposed by feeding back the error from the desired trajectory with the inner position loop. Then, the effectiveness of the proposed method is shown through simulations and experiments using an actual robotic system.
Normal Faulting in the 2020 Mw 6.2 Yutian Event: Implications for Ongoing E–W Thinning in Northern Tibet
Authors: He Ping , Wen Yangmao , Ding Kaihua , Xu Caijun
Published: September 2020

Extensional earthquakes in the Tibetan Plateau play an important role in the plateau’s orogenic evolution and cause heavy seismic hazard, yet their mechanisms remain poorly known, in particular in harsh northern Tibet. On 25 June 2020, a Mw 6.2 earthquake struck Yutian, Xinjiang, offering us a rare chance to gain insights into its mechanism and implications in the Tibetan extension. We used both descending and ascending Sentinel-1 images to generate coseismic deformation associated with this event, which indicates a typical extensional mechanism with a maximum subsidence displacement of 25 cm and minor uplift. The causative fault constrained with interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data based on a finite fault model suggests that the fault plane has a strike of 186.4° and westward dip of 64.8°, and the main rupture is concentrated at a depth of 3.6–10.8 km with a peak slip of 0.85 m. Our source model indicates that the 2020 Yutian event ruptured an unknown high-angle blind normal fault with N–S striking. The total released geodetic moment yields 2.69 × 1018 N·m, equivalent to Mw 6.23. We used dense interseismic global positioning system (GPS) measurements to reveal an approximate 7 mm/yr extensional motion in the Yutian region, but it still does not seem large enough to support high local seismicity for normal events within 12 years, i.e., Mw 7.1 in 2008, Mw 6.2 in 2012, and this event in 2020. Combined with Coulomb stress change modeling, we speculate that the seismicity in Yutian is related to the lower lithospheric dynamics.
Detection of Chlorophyll a and CDOM Absorption Coefficient with a Dual-Wavelength Oceanic Lidar: Wavelength Optimization Method
Authors: Liu Ruoran , Ling Qiaolv , Zhang Qiangbo , Zhou Yudi , Le Chengfeng , Chen Yatong , Liu Qun , Chen Weibiao , Tang Junwu , Liu Dong
Published: September 2020

To overcome the retrieval problems in complex water, dual working wavelengths are required instead of a single wavelength in oceanic lidar. The wavelength optimization method of detecting chlorophyll a and Colored Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM) absorption coefficient with a dual-wavelength lidar is studied in this paper. The inversion methods of chlorophyll a and CDOM absorption are developed based on the water absorption characteristics, which then lead to the inversion error equations. The effects of the wavelength on the inversion errors are studied. For the case in which λ1 and λ2 are both random, the errors are relatively small when λ1 is chosen between 420 and 560 nm and λ2 is selected under 420 nm. For the case in which λ1 is fixed at 532 nm, the errors generally decrease with decreasing λ2, with minimums around 300 and 356–360 nm under different water conditions. The wavelength optimization method discussed in this paper and the penetration depth criterion will be beneficial to the design of the dual-wavelength lidar.
Decentralized Privacy-Preserving Data Aggregation Scheme for Smart Grid Based on Blockchain
Authors: Fan Hongbin , Liu Yining , Zeng Zhixin
Published: September 2020

As a next-generation power system, the smart grid can implement fine-grained smart metering data collection to optimize energy utilization. Smart meters face serious security challenges, such as a trusted third party or a trusted authority being attacked, which leads to the disclosure of user privacy. Blockchain provides a viable solution that can use its key technologies to solve this problem. Blockchain is a new type of decentralized protocol that does not require a trusted third party or a central authority. Therefore, this paper proposes a decentralized privacy-preserving data aggregation (DPPDA) scheme for smart grid based on blockchain. In this scheme, the leader election algorithm is used to select a smart meter in the residential area as a mining node to build a block. The node adopts Paillier cryptosystem algorithm to aggregate the user’s power consumption data. Boneh-Lynn-Shacham short signature and SHA-256 function are applied to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of user data, which is convenient for billing and power regulation. The scheme protects user privacy data while achieving decentralization, without relying on TTP or CA. Security analysis shows that our scheme meets the security and privacy requirements of smart grid data aggregation. The experimental results show that this scheme is more efficient than existing competing schemes in terms of computation and communication overhead.
Deterministic 3D Ray-Launching Millimeter Wave Channel Characterization for Vehicular Communications in Urban Environments
Authors: Rodríguez-Corbo Fidel Alejandro , Azpilicueta Leyre , Celaya-Echarri Mikel , Lopez-Iturri Peio , Picallo Imanol , Falcone Francisco , Alejos Ana Vazquez
Published: September 2020

The increasing demand for more sensors inside vehicles pursues the intention of making vehicles more “intelligent”. In this context, the vision of fully connected and autonomous cars is becoming more tangible and will turn into a reality in the coming years. The use of these intelligent transport systems will allow the integration of efficient performance in terms of route control, fuel consumption, and traffic administration, among others. Future vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication will require a wider bandwidth as well as lower latencies than current technologies can offer, to support high-constraint safety applications and data exhaustive information exchanges. To this end, recent investigations have proposed the adoption of the millimeter wave (mmWave) bands to achieve high throughput and low latencies. However, mmWave communications come with high constraints for implementation due to higher free-space losses, poor diffraction, poor signal penetration, among other channel impairments for these high-frequency bands. In this work, a V2X communication channel in the mmWave (28 GHz) band is analyzed by a combination of an empirical study and a deterministic simulation with an in-house 3D ray-launching algorithm. Multiple mmWave V2X links has been modeled for a complex heterogeneous urban scenario in order to capture and analyze different propagation phenomena, providing full volumetric estimation of frequency/power as well as time domain parameters. Large- and small-scale propagation parameters are obtained for a combination of different situations, taking into account the obstruction between the transceivers of vehicles of distinct sizes. These results can aid in the development of modeling techniques for the implementation of mmWave frequency bands in the vehicular context, with the capability of adapting to different scenario requirements in terms of network topology, user density, or transceiver location. The proposed methodology provides accurate wireless channel estimation within the complete volume of the scenario under analysis, considering detailed topological characteristics.
Automatic Bluefin Tuna Sizing with a Combined Acoustic and Optical Sensor
Authors: Muñoz-Benavent Pau , Puig-Pons Vicente , Andreu-García Gabriela , Espinosa Víctor , Atienza-Vanacloig Vicente , Pérez-Arjona Isabel
Published: September 2020

A proposal is described for an underwater sensor combining an acoustic device with an optical one to automatically size juvenile bluefin tuna from a ventral perspective. Acoustic and optical information is acquired when the tuna are swimming freely and the fish cross our combined sensor’s field of view. Image processing techniques are used to identify and classify fish traces in acoustic data (echogram), while the video frames are processed by fitting a deformable model of the fishes’ ventral silhouette. Finally, the fish are sized combining the processed acoustic and optical data, once the correspondence between the two kinds of data is verified. The proposed system is able to automatically give accurate measurements of the tuna’s Snout-Fork Length (SFL) and width. In comparison with our previously validated automatic sizing procedure with stereoscopic vision, this proposal improves the samples per hour of computing time by 7.2 times in a tank with 77 juveniles of Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus), without compromising the accuracy of the measurements. This work validates the procedure for combining acoustic and optical data for fish sizing and is the first step towards an embedded sensor, whose electronics and processing capabilities should be optimized to be autonomous in terms of the power supply and to enable real-time processing.
SIDE—A Unified Framework for Simultaneously Dehazing and Enhancement of Nighttime Hazy Images
Authors: He Renjie , Guo Xintao , Shi Zhongke
Published: September 2020

Single image dehazing is a difficult problem because of its ill-posed nature. Increasing attention has been paid recently as its high potential applications in many visual tasks. Although single image dehazing has made remarkable progress in recent years, they are mainly designed for haze removal in daytime. In nighttime, dehazing is more challenging where most daytime dehazing methods become invalid due to multiple scattering phenomena, and non-uniformly distributed dim ambient illumination. While a few approaches have been proposed for nighttime image dehazing, low ambient light is actually ignored. In this paper, we propose a novel unified nighttime hazy image enhancement framework to address the problems of both haze removal and illumination enhancement simultaneously. Specifically, both halo artifacts caused by multiple scattering and non-uniformly distributed ambient illumination existing in low-light hazy conditions are considered for the first time in our approach. More importantly, most current daytime dehazing methods can be effectively incorporated into nighttime dehazing task based on our framework. Firstly, we decompose the observed hazy image into a halo layer and a scene layer to remove the influence of multiple scattering. After that, we estimate the spatially varying ambient illumination based on the Retinex theory. We then employ the classic daytime dehazing methods to recover the scene radiance. Finally, we generate the dehazing result by combining the adjusted ambient illumination and the scene radiance. Compared with various daytime dehazing methods and the state-of-the-art nighttime dehazing methods, both quantitative and qualitative experimental results on both real-world and synthetic hazy image datasets demonstrate the superiority of our framework in terms of halo mitigation, visibility improvement and color preservation.
Towards to Optimal Wavelet Denoising Scheme—A Novel Spatial and Volumetric Mapping of Wavelet-Based Biomedical Data Smoothing
Authors: Stanke Ladislav , Kubicek Jan , Vilimek Dominik , Penhaker Marek , Cerny Martin , Augustynek Martin , Slaninova Nikola , Akram Muhammad Usman
Published: September 2020

Wavelet transformation is one of the most frequent procedures for data denoising, smoothing, decomposition, features extraction, and further related tasks. In order to perform such tasks, we need to select appropriate wavelet settings, including particular wavelet, decomposition level and other parameters, which form the wavelet transformation outputs. Selection of such parameters is a challenging area due to absence of versatile recommendation tools for suitable wavelet settings. In this paper, we propose a versatile recommendation system for prediction of suitable wavelet selection for data smoothing. The proposed system is aimed to generate spatial response matrix for selected wavelets and the decomposition levels. Such response enables the mapping of selected evaluation parameters, determining the efficacy of wavelet settings. The proposed system also enables tracking the dynamical noise influence in the context of Wavelet efficacy by using volumetric response. We provide testing on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) image data and EMG signals mostly of musculoskeletal system to objectivise system usability for clinical data processing. The experimental testing is done by using evaluation parameters such is MSE (Mean Squared Error), ED (Euclidean distance) and Corr (Correlation index). We also provide the statistical analysis of the results based on Mann-Whitney test, which points out on statistically significant differences for individual Wavelets for the data corrupted with Salt and Pepper and Gaussian noise.
Analysis of Chondroitin/Dermatan Sulphate Disaccharides Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Mikšík Ivan , Kubinová Šárka , Morvan Marine , Výborný Karel , Tatar Ameneh , Král Vladimír , Záruba Kamil , Sýkora David
Published: September 2020

Chondroitin sulphates belong to a group of naturally occurring glycosaminoglycans and play a role in many physiological processes including ageing and the effects of various diseases. Research into chondroitin sulphates has found that the most important analytes are 4- and 6-sulphated disaccharides. We developed an HPLC method for the separation and quantification of underivatized chondroitin/dermatan sulphates—unsaturated disaccharides (4- and 6-sulphated disaccharides). This method is based on the separation of disaccharides by amido as well as amino columns under acidic conditions. These columns enabled the successful separation of 4- and 6-sulphated disaccharides using 50 (amido column) and 25 mmol/L (amino column) phosphate buffer, pH 4.25 (detection at 230 nm), at retention times of less than 10 min. The limit of quantification was 0.5 μg/mL. The applicability of this method was demonstrated through analysis of unsaturated disaccharides produced from the enzymatic digestion of chondroitin/dermatan sulphates of the solubilized extracellular matrix produced from porcine urinary bladder and human umbilical cord.
Diversity and Resilience to Socio-Ecological Changes of Smallholder Lagune Cattle Farming Systems of Benin
Authors: Ahozonlin Maurice Cossi , Dossa Luc Hippolyte
Published: September 2020

The indigenous smallholder Lagune breed and the production systems in which it is embedded in Southern Benin have received very little research or policy attention. Consequently, very little information exists on the diversity of these production systems or on their capacity to adapt to ongoing socio-economic and environmental changes. This study aimed to explore and characterize the diversity of Lagune cattle production systems along with farmers’ local knowledge and resilience strategies. A questionnaire was administered to 417 Lagune cattle farmers across two agro-ecological zones: Ouémé Valley (OVZ) and Pobe (PZ). It included, inter alia, questions related to households’ socio-economic conditions, their cattle herd characteristics, and management practices. Categorical principal component analysis and the two-step clustering method were used to classify the production systems which were then compared using the chi-square and ANOVA procedures. Four distinct farm types were identified. This study revealed the important role of agroecology in the diversity of farmers’ breeding practices. Controlled mating was more common in tethering systems whereas uncontrolled mating, widespread in free-roaming systems, has favored Lagune breed admixture with zebus. Opportunities for conserving the genetic diversity within the Lagune breed might be greater in PZ where breed admixture was almost inexistent.
Spatial Accessibility Analysis of Parks with Multiple Entrances Based on Real-Time Travel: The Case Study in Beijing
Authors: Qin Jiahui , Liu Yusi , Yi Disheng , Sun Shuo , Zhang Jing
Published: September 2020

Parks are an important component of the green infrastructure in cities. They provide multiple benefits for residents’ life. Due to the uneven spatial distribution of parks, it is necessary to evaluate the spatial disparity about residents’ access to parks. The two-step floating catchment area method is suitable for measuring the accessibility of urban parks. However, few studies have noticed the representative of entrances of parks, especially adding them into the process of accessibility measurements. The floating catchment area is often determined by road speed and empirical travel time. In this article, the impact of multi-entrances of the park will be considered and real-time travel time is used in calculating accessibility. In a case of multi-entrance parks in Beijing, the average travel time of the sub-district is calculated, and with the support of the modified method, the spatial accessibilities of car driving, public transport and car-public transport mixed travel modes are obtained. The results show that the time–space compression effect of car driving is more obvious and the mixed travel mode presents the advantage of high accessibility index. This study has a theoretical and practical value for urban planning, such as advising urban planners on the siting of green park space.
Sustainability of Tourism Development in the Mediterranean—Interregional Similarities and Differences
Authors: Pivčević Smiljana , Petrić Lidija , Mandić Ante
Published: September 2020

This study adjusts the Driving forces–Pressures–State–Impact–Response framework (DPSIR) to analyze the interregional similarities and differences with regard to sustainable tourism development in selected Mediterranean (MED) regions. The study involved three steps. The first step was a critical reflection on sustainable tourism indicators and DPSIR as a grouping approach. The analysis yielded 29 sustainability indicators distributed within four components of the DPSR framework. The data were collected for 54 NUTS 2 level MED regions. In the second step, an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) followed by a cluster analysis (CA) were performed to group homogenous regions and generate the Med Regions Cluster Matrix (MRCM). The investigation revealed that although countries in the Mediterranean share many characteristics in terms of tourism development and impacts, universal policies in mitigating the pressures are not appropriate. The main contributions of the study are (1) the application of the DPSIR model in the sustainable tourism context (2) and the analysis of the similarities and differences regarding the sustainability of tourism development in the selected MED regions. The conclusions of the analysis may stimulate the debate on mutual responses and sustainable tourism policy responses in the MED region.
Effective Boundary of Innovation Subsidy: Searching by Stochastic Evolutionary Game Model
Authors: Li Junqiang , Yi Jingyi , Zhao Yingmei
Published: September 2020

Relationship between innovation subsidies and corporate strategic choices has been extensively studied. Public innovation subsidies are by no means a certain value, existing in the form of an effective range instead. This means that the public innovation subsidies existing within the reasonable range can achieve the same incentive effect. So, what is the reasonable range or the effective boundaries of public innovation subsidies to promote enterprises that adopt cooperation strategies? There is no definite answer. Based on classical game theory, a stochastic evolutionary game model is proposed in this paper, which takes into account the influence of random disturbance on the strategy evolution process. An effective boundary of public innovation subsidy is provided as the main contribution based on a mature game scenario. A set of experimental data is subsequently selected as the sample for numerical simulation and result verification. The results showed that the probability of noncooperation within the effective value range will successfully converge to zero, which also means that the agents will adopt a collaborative cooperation strategy. The regulation effect of the combination of multiple variables is also discussed.
Relationship between Physicochemical Characteristics and Pathogenic Leptospira in Urban Slum Waters
Authors: de Oliveira Daiana , Airam Querino Vladimir , Sara Lee Yeonsoo , Cunha Marcelo , Nery Jr. Nivison , Wessels Perelo Louisa , Rossi Alva Juan Carlos , Ko Albert I. , Reis Mitermayer G. , Casanovas-Massana Arnau , Costa Federico
Published: September 2020

Leptospirosis, a zoonosis caused by pathogenic Leptospira, primarily affects tropical, developing regions, especially communities without adequate sanitation. Outbreaks of leptospirosis have been linked with the presence of pathogenic Leptospira in water. In this study, we measured the physicochemical characteristics (temperature, pH, salinity, turbidity, electrical conductivity, and total dissolved solids (TDS)) of surface waters from an urban slum in Salvador, Brazil, and analyzed their associations with the presence and concentration of pathogenic Leptospira reported previously. We built logistic and linear regression models to determine the strength of association between physicochemical parameters and the presence and concentration of Leptospira. We found that salinity, TDS, pH, and type of water were strongly associated with the presence of Leptospira. In contrast, only pH was associated with the concentration of the pathogen in water. The study of physico-chemical markers can contribute to a better understanding of the occurrence of Leptospira in water and to the identification of sources of risk in urban slum environments.
Evaluation of Antibody Response Directed against Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Structural Proteins
Authors: Luong Hung Q. , Lai Huong T. L. , Vu Hiep L. X.
Published: September 2020

Luciferase-immunoprecipitation system (LIPS), a liquid phase immunoassay, was used to evaluate antibody responses directed against the structural proteins of PRRSV in pigs that were experimentally infected with virulent PRRSV strains. First, the viral N protein was used as a model antigen to validate the assay. The LIPS results were highly comparable to that of the commercial IDEXX PRRS X3 ELISA. Subsequently, the assay was applied to simultaneously measure antibody reactivity against all eight structural proteins of PRRSV. The highest immunoreactivities were detected against GP3, M, and N proteins while the lowest reactivity was detected against ORF5a protein. Comparative analysis of the kinetics of antibody appearance revealed that antibodies specific to N protein appeared earlier than antibodies against GP3. Finally, the assay was applied to measure immunoreactivities of clinical serum samples against N and GP3. The diagnostic sensitivity of the LIPS with N protein was superior to that of the LIPS with GP3. Collectively, the results provide additional information about the host antibody response to PRRSV infection.
Comparison of Laparoscopic Steerable Instruments Performed by Expert Surgeons and Novices
Authors: Lacitignola Luca , Trisciuzzi Rodrigo , Imperante Annarita , Fracassi Laura , Crovace Alberto Maria , Staffieri Francesco
Published: September 2020

As an alternative to the surgical robot, some medical companies have engineered new steerable devices that mimic the robot’s capacities. This study aimed to assess how steerable instruments ameliorate the efficacy of suturing in comparison with the traditional instrument, and a combination instruments, performed by experienced and novice surgeons. The study was performed by three experienced surgeons and three novice surgeons. The instruments employed were divided into three surgical sets: two steerable dissectors; one steerable dissector and one straight needle; two straight needle holders. The study supervisor recorded the total time for the procedure, the number of bites completed, the time for each bite, and the quality of the procedure. In our study, we found consistent data demonstrating that experienced laparoscopists completed the prescribed suture pattern with more bites in less time than novices. The use of two steerable instruments was more time consuming than standard straight instruments, but a combination of instruments was significantly less time consuming, as was the use of two straight needle holders. This result was even observed in novice surgeons. Combining a steerable instrument with a traditional straight needle holder provided more advantages in this study.
A Methodology for Forecasting Dissolved Oxygen in Urban Streams
Authors: Stajkowski Stephen , Zeynoddin Mohammad , Farghaly Hani , Gharabaghi Bahram , Bonakdari Hossein
Published: September 2020

Real-time monitoring of river water quality is at the forefront of a proactive urban water management strategy to meet the global challenge of vital freshwater resource sustainability. The concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO) is a primary indicator of the health state of the aquatic habitats, and its modeling is crucial for river water quality management. This paper investigates the importance of the choices of different techniques for preprocessing and stochastic modeling for developing a simple and reliable linear stochastic model for forecasting DO in urban rivers. We describe several methods of evaluation, preprocessing, and modeling for the DO parameter time series in the Credit River, Ontario, Canada, to achieve the optimum data preprocessing and input selection techniques and consequently obtain the optimum performance of the stochastic models as an effective river management tool. The Manly normalization and standardization (Std) methods were chosen for preprocessing the time series. Modeling the preprocessed time series using the stochastic autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model resulted in very accurate forecasts with a negligible difference from sole normalization and spectral analysis (Sf) methods.
A Molecular-Level Picture of Electrospinning
Authors: Jirsák Jan , Pokorný Pavel , Holec Pavel , Dědičová Šárka
Published: September 2020

Electrospinning is a modern and versatile method of producing nanofibers from polymer solutions or melts by the action of strong electric fields. The complex, multiscale nature of the process hinders its theoretical understanding, especially at the molecular level. The present article aims to contribute to the fundamental picture of the process by the molecular modeling of its nanoscale analogue and complements the picture by laboratory experiments at macroscale. Special attention is given to how the process is influenced by ions. Molecular dynamics (MD) is employed to model the time evolution of a nanodroplet of aqueous poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) solution on a solid surface in a strong electric field. Two molecular weights of PEG are used, each in 12 aqueous solutions differing by the weight fraction of the polymer and the concentration of added NaCl. Various structural and dynamic quantities are monitored in production trajectories to characterize important features of the process and the effect of ions on it. Complementary experiments are carried out with macroscopic droplets of compositions similar to those used in MD. The behavior of droplets in a strong electric field is monitored using an oscilloscopic method and high-speed camera recording. Oscilloscopic records of voltage and current are used to determine the characteristic onset times of the instability of the meniscus as the times of the first discharge. The results of simulations indicate that, at the molecular level, the process is primarily driven by polarization forces and the role of ionic charge is only minor. Ions enhance the evaporation of solvent and the transport of polymer into the jet. Experimentally measured instability onset times weakly decrease with increasing ionic concentration in solutions with low polymer content. High-speed photography coupled with oscilloscopic measurement shows that the measured instability onset corresponds to the formation of a sharp tip of the Taylor cone. Molecular-scale and macroscopic views of the process are confronted, and challenges for their reconciliation are presented as a route to a true understanding of electrospinning.
Fırtına Deresindeki Gökkuşağı Alabalık Çiftliklerinde İzole Edilen Aeromonas spp. İzolatlarının Antimikrobiyel Hassasiyetin Belirlenmesi
Authors: BALTA Fikri
Published: September 2020

Bu araştırmada, Fırtına deresi üzerinde kültürü yapılan gökkuşağı alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss) çiftliklerinde hastalıklı balıklardan izole edilen Aeromonas spp.'nin varlığı araştırılmıştır. Tipik hastalık belirtileri gösteren balıkların dalak ve böbrek örneklerinden besiyerlerine ekimleri yapılmış ve 20±2ºC’de 48 saat inkübasyona bırakılmıştır. Bakteri izolatlarına hareket, katalaz, oksidaz ve OF besiyerinde oksidatif/fermentasyon testleri yapılmıştır. API 20NE test kiti kullanılarak şuşlar biyokimyasal olarak tanımlanmıştır. Motil Aeromonas spp. izolatlarının antimikrobiyellere karşı olan hassasiyetleri disk difüzyon yöntemine göre belirlenmiştir. En yüksek direnç ampicillin ve amoxicillin %100, sulfametoksazola %79.31, oksitetrasikline % 62,07 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Daha az direnç sırasıyla, eritromisin %51.72, trimetoprim/sulfametoksazola %48.27, oksolinik aside %37.93, florfenikole %17.24 ve en az oranda bir kinolon olan enrofloksasine %10.34 olduğu bulunmuştur. Oksitetrasikline dirençli 20 suşun tetA ve tetB genleri açısından PZR ile tiplendirilmesinde 7 suşta tetA varlığı tespit edilmiştir. Sekiz suşta sınıf 1 integron ve 16 suşta ise sınıf 2 integron gen yapılarının varlığı tespit edilmiştir.
Peronismo, expansión del consumo y crecimiento de la industria textil del rayón durante las décadas de 1940 y 1950
Authors: BELINI Claudio
Published: September 2020

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el crecimiento de la industria textil del rayón en un periodo de cambios en el mercado doméstico vinculado al incremento de la demanda de textiles y a los cambios en los patrones de consumo entre la Segunda Guerra Mundial  y el peronismo. A partir de 1939, la industria inició una nueva etapa de expansión que se aceleró durante los años finales de la década de 1940 y los años cincuenta. El trabajo estudia los factores que impulsaron el auge industrial tales como las políticas industriales y comerciales, en especial el régimen de control de precios, y sus efectos sobre la estructura del sector. Se sostiene que la política de redistribución del ingreso del peronismo fue el principal impulso del crecimiento de la industria, que fue también estimulada por otros instrumentos e incentivos. Palabras clave: Industria Textil- Rayón-Argentina- Peronismo- Política Industrial y Comercial
Komunikasi Persuasi Humas Direktorat Jenderal Pajak Melalui Seminar Pajak Bertutur Pada Mahasiswa Universitas Nasional Jakarta
Authors: Junaedi Muhammad Infaqi
Published: September 2020

Pendapatan Negara di Indonesia mengalami penurunan di dalam membayar pajak. Hal itu mendorong Humas Direktorat Jenderal Pajak untuk mensosialisasikan sadar pajak salah satunya melalui seminar pajak bertutur, dalam memberikan informasi humas direktorat Jenderal Pajak tidak terlepas dari proeses komunikiasi persuasi yang di gunakan untuk mempengaruhi audience. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodelogi kualitatif. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori komunikasi persuasi Hovland/Yale oleh Perloff. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Bagaimana komunikasi persuasi Humas Direktorat Jenderal Pajak melalui seminar pajak bertutur pada mahasiswa Universitas Nasional Jakarta. Teknik pengumpulan data primer yang dilakukan adalah dengan menggunakan wawancara semi terstruktur. Kemudian data sekunder diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan untuk memperoleh data dari buku, internet dan website. Selain itu, data sekunder juga diperoleh dari data internal Humas Direktorat Jenderal Pajak. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diketahui bahwa Komunikasi persuasi yang di gunakan oleh Direktorat Jenderal Pajak melalui seminar pajak bertutur pada mahaisiswa Universitas Nasional Jakarta sesuai dengan tahapan proses komunikasi persuasi.
Kemampuan Komunikasi terhadap Perilaku agresi Orang Tua Kepada Anak
Authors: Aswar Aswar
Published: September 2020

Anak sebagai objek yang dipandang lemah dalam struktur keluara, seringkali menjadi korban kekerasan/agresi oleh orang tuanya. Hal tersebut terjadi karena kurangnya kemampuan komunikasi yang dimiliki oleh orang tua di Kota Makassar. Sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh kemampuan komunikasi terhadap perilaku agresi orang tua kepada anak di kota Makassar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif,populasi pada penelitian ini yaitu seluruh warga kota Makassar yang telah menikah dan memiliki anak. Penentuan sampel dengan menggunakkan tabel krejcie dan Morgan diperoleh sampel sebanyak 384 orang. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dengan skala model Likert. Uji asumsi yaitu normalitas, Linieritas,Heteroskedastisitas, dilakukan sebelum melakukan hipotesis dengan uji analisis regresi sederhana. Diperoleh nilai signifikan sebesar 0,000, < 0,05.Dengan R Squaredengan nilai sebesar 0,058 atau sama dengan 5,8 %. yang berarti bahwa  kemampuan komunikasi  (X) berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap agresi orang tua kepada anak di kota Makassar sebesar 5,8%. Sedangkan sisanya sebesar 94,2% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti pada penelitian ini. Sehingga peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa kemampuan komunikasiberpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap perilaku agresi orang tua kepada anak di Kota Makassar. Yang berarti bahwa jika kemampuan komunikasi meningkat, maka perilaku agresivitas orang tua kepada anak akan menurun, begitupun sebaliknya.

Kata Kunci:Kemampuan Komunikasi;Agresi;Orang Tua
Persepsi Masyarakat Kota Bogor Terhadap Tayangan Talk Show Pagi Pagi Pasti Happy di Trans TV
Authors: Alvikha Adrian Yuyun Anggraini, Rani Chandra Oktaviani,
Published: September 2020

Tayangan Televisi di Indonesia memiliki program acara yang cukup beragam. Beberapa tayangan cukup mengedukasi sedangkan sebagian lagi dinilai kontroversional disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor. Salah satu tayangan yang dinilai kontroversional adalah tayangan talkshow Pagi Pagi Pasti Happy yang tayang di Trans TV karena sudah mendapatkan beberapa kali teguran dari KPI. Namun tak sedikit masyarakat yang memandang Pagi Pagi Pasti Happy sebagai tayangan yang baik dan menghibur. Di balik kontroversi Pagi Pagi Pasti Happy, tayangan tersebut masih banyak mendapatkan dukungan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan persepsi masyarakat di Kota Bogor terhadap tayangan Pagi Pagi Pasti Happy di Trans TV serta untuk mengetahui bagaimana persepsi positif dan negatif masyarakat di Kota Bogor terhadap tayangan Pagi Pagi Pasti Happy di Trans TV. Dengan teori persepsi Joseph A. DeVito menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif serta analisis interaktif, ditemukan hasil penelitian persepsi masyarakat yang cukup beragam. Masyarakat dari kelas sosial menengah hingga menengah kebawah merasa terhibur dengan tayagan Pagi Pagi Pasti Happy. Namun, masyarakat yang cenderung mendapatkan pendidikan yang cukup serta berasal dari kelas ekonomi menengah keatas menilai bahwa Pagi Pagi Pasti Happy memang tayangan yang kontroversional. Fenomena ini memperlihatkan bahwa masyarakat masih menggemari tayangan yang bersifat kontroversional serta menyalahi kode etik penyiaran. Implikasi penelitian ini adalah diperlukannya kesadaran masyarakat untuk menonton tayangan baik.
Strategi Peningkatan Brand Awareness Yang Dilakukan Oleh Le Minerale Selama Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Witrie Nuringtyas Gita A Hasto Bimo Aji,
Published: September 2020

Perkembangan teknologi pada zaman ini memunculkan sederetan fenomena kehidupan terkini dan terbaru yang serba digital di sejumlah bidang. Penggunaan media sosial untuk meningkatkan brand awareness dan penjualan online sudah tidak bisa dipungkiri. Sebab, mayoritas penduduk di Indonesia, terutama generasi milennial, saat ini adalah pengguna aktif media sosial. Melihat fenomena sosial media dan menanggapi pandemic Covid-19 yang mengharuskan masyarakat untuk tetap dirumah membuka kesempatan untuk sebuah brand memenuhi kebutuhan beriklannya melakukan product placement sebagai cara untuk meningkatkan brand awareness seperti yang telah dilakukan oleh Le Minerale. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui strategi product placement yang digunakan le minerale agar menjadi top of mind. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah dengan adanya pandemic Covid-19 ini, product placement yang digunakan oleh Le Minerale dapat meningkatkan brand awareness dimana orang banyak menghabiskan waktu dirumah dan lebih banyak menggunakan internet untuk menonton YouTube atau program televisi sehingga kedepannya cara yang dilakukan oleh Le Minerale dalam penempatan produknya dapat digunakan oleh brand lain untuk mempromosikan produk nya melalui social media atau media lainnya.
Efektivitas Komunikasi Politik PPP Dalam Menjalin Hubungan Dengan Konstituen Di Kota Medan
Authors: Aja Syahri Ahmad Tamrin Sikumbang, Muhammad Husni Ritonga,
Published: September 2020

Hubungan dengan konstituen merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam tugas seorang legislator, namun ia penting karena alasan dan dapat memberikan manfaat bagi konstituen, legislator, partai politik dan masyarakat secara keseluruhan. Kontak langsung antara legislator dan warga negara dapat membangun kepercayaan publik kepada legislator dan lembaga legislatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis komunikasi politik yang dilakukan PPP dalam menjalin hubungan dengan konstituen di kota Medan. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Waktu penelitian dilakukan selama tiga bulan mulai Desember 2019 hingga Februari 2020 yang berlokasi di kota Medan. Sumber data diperoleh dari hasil observasi dan wawancara dan dokumentasi. Wawancara dengan informan penelitian yaitu terdiri dari anggota DPRD Medan periode 2014-2019, Ketua-Ketua Pimpinan Anak Cabang (PAC), sekretaris Dewan Pimpinan Cabang (DPC) Partai Persatuan Pembangunan (PPP), kemudian juga sumber data dipilih secara purposive sampling dari para narasumber. Teknik analisis data dengan reduksi data dan verifikasi. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan teori komunikasi interpersonal dalam menjalin hubungan dengan bentuk komunikasi langsung dan tatap muka. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa komunikasi politik yang dilakukan PPP diawali dengan bentuk komunikasi yang terdiri dari identifikasi, legitimasi, partisipasi, penetrasi dan distribusi kemudian dengan tahapan perencanaan komunikasi yaitu mengedepankan nilai-nilai Islam, merangkul tokoh-tokoh agama dan dengan marketing politik.
Hipertrofia lipomatosa del septum interatrial: reporte de un caso
Authors: Salazar Heredia Fredy Rolando , López Patricia , Mejía Juan Carlos
Published: September 2020

La hipertrofia lipomatosa del septum interauricular (HLSI) es una entidad cardiaca rara y benigna, que se caracteriza por la acumulación de tejido adiposo dentro de algunos segmentos del septum interatrial. Generalmente, los pacientes son asintomáticos y estas lesiones se descubren de manera incidental mediante estudios de imagen realizados por otras razones, o en el contexto de una autopsia. Se han descrito casos de muerte súbita por alteración del ritmo cardiaco en estos pacientes. El diagnóstico diferencial de la HLSI incluye principalmente tumores cardiacos. Se expone el caso de un paciente de 61 años que, después de un estudio de resonancia magnética cardiaca, realizado por una alteración del ritmo cardiaco, presenta una masa en el septum auricular. El paciente es llevado a cirugía y el estudio histopatológico de la lesión confirma el diagnóstico. Se realiza una revisión de las características clínicas y patológicas de la HLSI.
Necesitamos menos investigación!
Authors: Echeverry Jairo
Published: September 2020

Con casi medio millón de citaciones encontradas en Google Académico como coautor de investigaciones en el campo y en estándares de estadística y ublicación biomédica, desde su posición como profesor de la Universidad de Oxford, director del Centro de Estadística en Medicina y de la investigación en Cáncer del Reino Unido, de la Colaboración Cochrane y de la red EQUATOR2 , Altman transformó la manera tradicional en que se presentaban los resultados de las investigaciones, promocionando y divulgando los staments para el sometimiento de manuscritos ante las revistas. Esto significa, se 2 infiere, que debe existir una especie de método de publicación para cada tipo de investigación que tiene que ver con la pregunta y los métodos empleados.
PENGEMBANGAN LEMBAR KERJA SISWA BANGUN RUANG SISI DATAR DENGAN PENDEKATAN KONTEKSTUAL BERMUATAN NILAI KARAKTER
Authors: Nurmeidina Rahmatya
Published: September 2020

Pembelajaran matematika yang berhasil didukung oleh perangkat pendukung pembelajaran yang baik, seperti Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKS). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan LKS Bangun Ruang Sisi Datar dengan pendekatan kontekstual yang valid dan praktis. LKS ini juga dilengkapi dengan muatan nilai karakter seperti nilai kerja sama, kerja keras, rasa ingin tahu dan peduli. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan menggunakan model pengembangan Thiagharajan, Dorothy S. Semmel dan Melvyn I Semmel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aspek kevalidan LKS ditinjau dari penilaian para ahli dan mencapai kategori valid, dan aspek kepraktisan LKS mencapai kategori sangat praktis ditinjau penilaian oleh guru dan praktis jika ditinjau dari penilaian oleh siswa.