bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Refugee “In-betweenness”: A Proactive Existence
Authors: Manjikian Lalai
Published: June 2020

This paper challenges the focus on marginalization that is commonly associated with refugee claimants. By proposing a closer look at the critical period during which refugee claimants residing in Montréal wait for their status to be determined, this paper suggests that “in-betweenness” can be a moment and site that engenders social inclusion.

I argue that during the re-settlement process, certain circumstances can foster pathways of agency and engagement as opposed to reproducing cycles of exclusion, commonly associated with refugee claimants that other authors have documented. Drawing on participant narratives, this paper demonstrates how refugee claimants awaiting determination can become active social and political subjects.

The paper underscores that in-betweenness, in both temporal and spatial dimensions, can foster a proactive stance despite refugee claimants’ lack of status, limited access to resources, and possibly reduced mobility.
Feeling the Pinch: Kenya, Al-Shabaab, and East Africa’s Refugee Crisis
Authors: Burns Avery
Published: June 2020

Kenya currently hosts over four hundred thousand refugees.In the last two decades it has turned towards a policy of containment in an attempt to confine refugees to its two rural camps, Kakuma and Dadaab. Kenya’s tolerance forthe ongoing refugee problem which peaked in the 1990s due to major conflicts in the region is waning and concurrently issues of national security are growing. The Somali armed faction, Al-Shabaab, has been reportedly infiltrating Kenya’s Somali refugee community. Recently, there have been reports that the government of Kenya has been covertly recruiting Somali refugees to return to Somalia to fight against Al-Shabaab. The use of refugees by Kenya to counter the threat of Al-Shabaab demonstrates a new perception of outside threats and suggests that Kenya is now willing to sacrifice ideals of humanitarianism to secure its border with Somalia. The border remains officially closed but thousands of refugees fleeing the violence in Somalia continue to pour into Kenya.

To understand why Kenya is taking such a hardened stance towards refugee populations, it is important to comprehend Kenya’s strategic importance in East Africa.Secondly, in the complex relationship between internal factors and international pressures, one can discern the friction between adhering to the human rights of refugees whilst remaining a global player in the war on terror. A comparison of Kenya’s past treatment of refugees to its present position suggests that the nation’s most significant priority is national security, and not remaining a haven for humanitarianism.
Higher Education for Refugees
Authors: Dryden-Peterson Sarah , Giles Wenona
Published: June 2020

Introduction
Aspirations for Higher Education among Newcomer Refugee Youth in Toronto: Expectations, Challenges, and Strategies
Authors: Shakya Yogendra B. , Guruge Sepali , Hynie Michaela , Akbari Arzo , Malik Mohamed , Htoo Sheila , Khogali Azza , Mona Stella Abiyo , Murtaza Rabea , Alley Sarah
Published: June 2020

A large percentage of refugees have low levels of education and official language fluency upon arrival in Canada. Thi spaper discusses educational goals of newcomer refugee youth from three communities in Toronto (Afghan, Karen, and Sudanese), and explores how these are linked to premigration and post-migration determinants. Guided by community-based research principles, we collaborated with eight refugee youth peer researchers and conducted ten focus groups and thirteen interviews with refugee youth. Results show that newcomer refugee youth develop strong aspirations for higher education in Canada as a proactive response to overcome pre-migration experiences of forced migration and educational disruptions. We then discuss how these youth negotiate educational goals in post-migration context in relation to shifts in family responsibilities and everyday encounter with multiple systemic barriers in Canada. In doing this, we examine the thin line between vulnerability and empowerment that refugee youth straddle and reveal policy gaps and contradictions in the depoliticized humanitarianism within refugee resettlement in Canada.
Tertiary Education for Refugees: A Case Study from the Thai-Burma Border
Authors: MacLaren Duncan
Published: June 2020

The Australian Catholic University (ACU) has, since 2003, been involved in providing tertiary education for young refugees who have fled persecution in Burma to end up in refugee camps in Thailand. This paper examines the origins of the program, the changes made as lessons are learned, and the current Diploma program which is also supported by three US universities and York University in Toronto. It also examines how past graduates have used their qualifications for the common good, a term derived from Catholic social thought which informs ACU’s specific Catholic identity as a university. The paper further looks at what challenges lie ahead within the Thai-Burmese context and how this model can be replicated in other protracted refugee situations.
Observations on EXCOM’s 60th Session (2009): Does UNHCR Need (More) EXCOM Conclusions?
Authors: Barutciski Michael
Published: June 2020

Observations
There’s No Place Like a Refugee Camp? Urban Planning and Participation in the Camp Context
Authors: Stevenson Anne , Sutton Rebecca
Published: June 2020

The past half-century of urban studies has demonstrated that the design of human settlements is a potent tool of governance. Active involvement in place shaping has also been shown to be a key empowerment mechanism for citizens and a strong means of creating cohesion in communities. Internally displaced persons (IDPs) and refugee camps are a unique form of human habitation, temporary spaces created “between war and city.” Drawing from urban planning theory, camp management tools, and migrant narratives, this paper will explore the dynamics of the spatial relationship between camp residents and the international governance bodies who manage them. As we will demonstrate, this approach offers important insights into how the relationships between camp residents and aid agencies are negotiated, and the implications for governance in societies camp inhabitants later (re)settle in.
A Refugee Camp Conundrum: Geopolitics, Liberal Democracy, and Protracted Refugee Situations
Authors: Hyndman Jennifer
Published: June 2020

Liberal democratic norms are embodied in refugee camps and the states that host them in a multitude of ways: through refugee law and the ‘good offices’ of the United Nations; in relation to international aid and the prerequisites recipient governments must meet to receive it; and in refugee education to name but a few. In the Dadaab camps of Northeast Kenya, democracy and law meet intense geopolitical pressures. The camps are situated in what was once contested territory during the period of colonial rule. In the early 1990s and again in 2011, as Somalia faced armed conflict and related famine, thousands of refugees fled to the Dadaab camps. The presence of Somali refugees in Kenya is not politically neutral or merely humanitarian. The contradictions between liberal democratic norms and the prevailing geopolitical sentiments that favour keeping refugees in camps them are explored in the context of Dadaab.
Introduction Environmentally Induced Displacement and Forced Migration
Authors: Bose Pablo , Lunstrum Elizabeth
Published: June 2020

Disappearing coastlines, fields and homes flooded by rising waters, lands left cracked and barren by desertification, a snowpack shrinking in circumpolar regions year by year—these are only a few of the iconic images of climate change that have evoked discussion, debate, and consternation within communities both global and local. Equally alarming has been the threat of what such degraded and destroyed landscapes might mean for those who depend upon them for their livelihoods—as their homes, as their means of sustenance, and as an integral part of their cultural and social lives. A mass of humanity on the move—some suggest 50 million, 150 million, perhaps even a billion people1—the spectre of those forced to flee not as the result of war or conflict but rather a changed environment haunts the imaginaries of national governments, international institutions, and public discourse alike. Are these environmental refugees? Should they be granted the same protections and support as those who can prove their fear of and flight from persecution? Do the sheer numbers contemplated by the scale of the events and factors threaten to overwhelm the international refugee system?
Creating New Norms on Climate Change, Natural Disasters and Displacement: International Developments 2010–2013
Authors: McAdam Jane
Published: June 2020

This article provides an account of attempts at the inter- national level to develop a normative framework relating to climate change and migration from late 2010 to mid- 2013. It traces the “catalytic effect” of paragraph 14(f) of the Cancún Adaptation Framework (adopted in December 2010), through to the concerted, but ultimately unsuccessful effort of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in 2011 to get states to agree to the formulation of a “global guiding framework” on displacement relating to climate change and natural disasters. Finally, the article discusses the creation of the state-led Nansen Initiative in late 2012—a tentative “first step” towards international policy-making in this field—and the outcomes of its first sub-regional consultation in the Pacific in May 2013.
The “Bogus” Refugee: Roma Asylum Claimants and Discourses of Fraud in Canada’s Bill C-31
Authors: Diop Petra Molnar
Published: June 2020

The passage of Bill C-31 into Canadian law in June 2012 is part of a discourse created around refugees by the current Government of Canada. Refugees are divided into “good and proper” refugees who live in camps abroad, and the “ fraudulent and bogus” refugees who claim asylum at the Canadian border. The new act, Bill C-31 or Protecting Canada’s Immigration System Act, is analyzed with respect to changes that will result in the systematic exclusion of certain groups of asylum seekers from Canada, based on these discourses of “bogus” and “fraud,” even though these groups may include genuine refugees. Drawing on the case of Czech Roma refugee claimants who come to Canada from Europe, this article shows how the Roma come to stand for the perfect “bogus” refugee — a person who wants to cheat the benevolent Canadian system without having grounds for a successful refugee status application. A critical look at the legislation provides new insights into the relations between governmentality and the regimes of citizenship, with the state performing its power in increasingly spectacular ways. Refugees act as the abject Other that legitimizes, legalizes, and reaffirms such state interventions.
The 1951 Refugee Convention’s Contingent Rights Framework and Article 26 of the ICCPR: A Fundamental Incompatibility?
Authors: Sharpe Marina
Published: June 2020

This article addresses the relationship between two primary structural features of the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees—that many benefits under it accrue on the basis of a refugee’s degree of attachment to his or her host state and that many rights under the convention are guaranteed to a refugee only to the extent that they are enjoyed by a particular reference group—and the 1966 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights’ article 26 equality guarantee. Specifically, it examines whether attachment contingencies and reference groups, when incorporated in the refugee laws of states party to the ICCPR, might run afoul of article 26.
The Meeting of Myths and Realities: The “Homecoming” of Second-Generation Exiles in Post-Apartheid South Africa
Authors: De Sas Kropiwnicki Zosa Olenka
Published: June 2020

This article is based on the findings of a qualitative study of second-generation exiles, who were born in exile and/ or spent their formative years in exile during apartheid. It is based on in-depth interviews with forty-seven men and women who spent their childhoods in North America, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, West Africa, East Africa, and southern Africa as second-generation exiles during apartheid. This article will focus on the tensions that arose over the myths and realities of return, in what often became dashed expectations of returning to a welcoming, free, and progressive post-apartheid South Africa, politically and socially united around key liberation principles. It will also discuss the manner in which the experience and memory of exile influenced former second-generation exiles’ perceptions of their roles as agents of change in post- apartheid South Africa—roles that were often adopted in the name of an ongoing liberation struggle.
Book Review: The Ideal Refugees: Gender, Islam, and the Sahrawi Politics of Survival
Authors: Mundy Jacob
Published: June 2020

The Ideal Refugees: Gender, Islam, and the Sahrawi Politics of Survival Elena Fiddian-Qasmiyeh Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 2014, pp. 304
A Case Study of the Vietnamese in Toronto: Contesting Representations of the Vietnamese in Canadian Social Work Literature
Authors: Ngo Anh
Published: June 2020

This article argues that the lived experiences and challenges of the Vietnamese community in Toronto are not reflected in the social work literature that continues to represent them as exceptional refugees. Over forty years after the fall of Saigon, a qualitative research study, “Discrimination in the Vietnamese Community, Toronto,” reveals that the Vietnamese community continues to experience intergroup conflicts stemming from war- and displacement-mediated identities of region, class, and temporal periods of migration. A critical review of the social work literature, using the theoretical lens of critical multiculturalism, traces the construction of the Vietnamese Canadians as successful “boat people” as part of the larger narrative of multiculturalism. This discourse of exceptionalism allows the needs of those who fall outside the constructed identity to remain unseen and underserved. Participant responses from this small pilot study will inform future investigation into the impact of intergroup conflicts hidden under the veneer of successful integration and adaptation of refugee and migrant groups.
Fear and (In)Security: The Canadian Government’s Response to the Chilean Refugees
Authors: Diab Suha
Published: June 2020

This article examines Canada’s response to the Chilean refugee crisis in 1973. It explores the conditions that made the resettlement of Chilean refugees possible, despite the reluctance of the Canadian government to provide protection for them. The article focuses on the relation between the Canadian overnment’s regulatory discourses and practices on the one hand, and the Canadian public’s contestation of, and challenges to, such discourses and practices on the other. The Chilean refugee crisis revealed that the Canadian refugee protection regime was subject to political ideology, with very little consideration given to the suffering of refugees constructed as a threat to Canadian social, political, and economic well-being. However, civil society played a pivotal role in compelling the government to take a stance toward the refugees, though the government was able to control refugee reception by being deliberately selective about which lives it would save. The visibility and the success of the Canadian public in advocating on behalf of the Chilean refugees demonstrated the potential of this emerging civil power to affect refugee policies and practices while also revealing its limitations.
“The most brutal immigration regime in the developed world”: International Media Responses to Australia’s Asylum-Seeker Policy
Authors: Laney Hannah M , Lenette Caroline , Kellett Anthony N , Smedley Charlotte , Karan Prasheela
Published: June 2020

Despite intense media coverage of Australia’s asylum- seeker policy, there is minimal attention to structures and processes that influence international media perspectives. This article explores international media responses to Australia’s policy using a mixed-method approach. Our research focused on twenty-five articles from international media outlets surrounding the 2014 “riots” at Manus Island Regional Processing Centre. Three major themes (political relationships, domestic policy and practice, and treatment of asylum-seekers) highlight some key trends in international media representations of this event as an example. We discuss the implications of such findings for the production, representation, and reception of international media stories.
Protection and Paternalism: Narratives of Nepali Women Migrants and the Gender Politics of Discriminatory Labour Migration Policy
Authors: Grossman-Thompson Barbara
Published: June 2020

This article considers the current age and gender discriminatory migration laws in Nepal in their historical and socio-cultural context. Drawing on eight months of field- work and data collected from both migrants and migration policymakers I ask, What are the consequences of discriminatory laws on young Nepali women’s migration experiences? And why do gender and age discriminatory laws and policies persist in light of evidence that they may actually endanger migrants? I posit that historically dominant Hindu gender norms provide the basis for the paternalistic migration laws currently in place. I argue that age and gender discriminatory migration policies are rooted in patriarchal concern for women’s ijaat (social honour) and sexual purity. The result of discriminatory law is not a reduction in migration but an increase in irregular and illegal migration that exacerbates women labour migrants’ vulnerability to a variety of abuses. I conclude that examining discriminatory migration laws with an intersectional lens raises interesting possibilities for theorizing how and why these ineffectual laws persist.
Between Law and the Nation State: Novel Representations of the Refugee
Authors: Behrman Simon
Published: June 2020

Given the degraded profile of the refugee in contemporary discourse, it is tempting to seek alternatives from a rich tradition of literary tropes of exile. However, this article argues that the romanticized figure of the literary exile ends up denying, albeit in positive terms, a genuine refugee voice, as much as the current impersonal hegemonic concept of the refugee as found in law. Ultimately, the spell in which refugees find themselves trapped today can be broken only by opening up a space of politics in which the refugee herself can be heard.
“Refugee Voices,” New Social Media and Politics of Representation: Young Congolese in the Diaspora and Beyond
Authors: Godin Marie , Doná Giorgia
Published: June 2020

This article examines the role of new social media in the articulation and representation of the refugee and diasporic “voice.” The article problematizes the individualist, de-politicized, de-contextualized, and aestheticized representation of refugee/diasporic voices. It argues that new social media enable refugees and diaspora members to exercise agency in managing the creation, production, and dissemination of their voices and to engage in hybrid (on- and offline) activism. These new territories for self-representation challenge our conventional understanding of refugee/diaspora voices. The article is based on research with young Congolese living in the diaspora, and it describes the Geno-cost project created by the Congolese Action Youth Platform (CAYP) and JJ Bola’s spoken-word piece, “Refuge.” The first shows agency in the creation of analytical and activist voices that promote counter-hegemonic narratives of violence in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, while the second is an example of aesthetic expressions performed online and offline that reveal agency through authorship and ownership of one’s voice. The examples highlight the role that new social media play in challenging mainstream politics of representation of refugee/diaspora voices.
Creating New Futures: Settling Children and Youth from Refugee Backgrounds, edited by Mary Crock
Authors: Hess Julia Meredith
Published: June 2020

Creating New Futures: Settling Children and Youth from Refugee BackgroundsEdited by Mary CrockSydney: Federation, 2015, pp. 313
Telemedicine: Bridging the Gap between Refugee Health and Health Services Accessibility in Hamilton, Ontario
Authors: Sandre Anthony Robert , Newbold K. Bruce
Published: June 2020

Refugees face considerable challenges upon seeking asylum in Canada, and accessing health care services remains a prominent issue. Recurrent themes in the literature outlining barriers to health-services accessibility include geographic, economic, and cultural barriers. Drawing on the experiences of service providers in Hamilton, Ontario, we explored the efficacy of telemedicine services in bridging the gap between refugee health and health services accessibility. Research methodology included structured interviews with clinicians who provide health-care services to refugees, complemented by a scoping literature review. The results of this exploratory study demonstrate the efficacy of telemedicine in encouraging dialogue and policy change in the greater health-care setting, and its potential to increase access to specialist health-care services.
The Indochinese Refugee Movement and the Launch of Canada’s Private Sponsorship Program
Authors: Molloy Michael J. , Simeon James C.
Published: June 2020

Introduction to 32.2: Special IssueThe Indochinese Refugee Movement and the Launch of Canada’s Private Sponsorship ProgramGuest Editors: Michael J. Molloy and James C. Simeon
Across the Seas: Australia’s Response to Refugees—A History, by Klaus Neumann
Authors: Missbach Antje
Published: June 2020

Book Review:

 

Across the Seas: Australia’s Response to Refugees—A HistoryBy Klaus Neumann

Carlton, AUS: Black, 2015, 352 pp.
Real Queer? Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Refugees in the Canadian Refugee Apparatus, by David A. B. Murray
Authors: Wahab Amar
Published: June 2020

Book Review:

 

Real Queer? Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Refugees in the Canadian Refugee ApparatusBy David A. B. Murray

London: Rowman & Littlefield, 2016, 183 pp.
Trafficked Children and Youth in the United States: Reimagining Survivors, by Elżbieta M. Goździak
Authors: Thakor Mitali
Published: June 2020

Book review:

Trafficked Children and Youth in the United States: Reimagining Survivors

by Elżbieta M. Goździak

New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2016, 141 pp.
Power and Responsibility at the Margins: The Case of India in the Global Refugee Regime
Authors: Samaddar Ranabir
Published: June 2020

Based on a study of the Indian experience of refugee protection, the article poses the issue of responsibility as a critical counterpoint to the question of power. Power may produce influence and power may be an element of influence. But how do we relate power to responsibility? Given the dominant discourse of “responsibility to protect” as part of the global governance regime, the article asks if there is a different way to conceptualize responsibility in the post-colonial context. Here the article seeks to make a second intervention. Responsibility takes us to the perspective of the margins.
DEVELOPING LEADERSHIP CAPACITY OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION IN TEACHING AT ETHNIC MINORITIES BOARDING SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN DAK LAK PROVINCE IN THE CURRENT PERIOD Situation and problems raised
Authors: Trường Phạm Văn
Published: June 2020

Application of ICTs in teaching in ethnic minority boarding secondary schools in Dak Lak province has been implemented relatively extensively and achieved certain results. However, the application of IT in teaching still faces many difficulties and is not synchronized in all regions. Although aware of the role of IT application in teaching, it has not become an indispensable need. The majority of teachers are not sure about the process of applying IT in teaching, individual and discrete working ways; The sharing and exchanging of knowledge are not regular, so the expansion of knowledge is limited. It can be seen that ethnic minority boarding secondary schools in Dak Lak province have mostly stopped at the policy of applying IT in teaching, there are still lack of specific measures to influence and connect teachers. with learners, have not created a motivation for the application of IT in teaching, have not selected practical and focused application contents, and have not organized leadership to apply IT in teaching in a scientific and effective way. Therefore, there has not been a clear change in IT application in teaching at secondary schools for secondary education in Dak Lak province. Therefore, the organization of researching the current situation of developing leadership capacity in information technology application in teaching at ethnic minority boarding schools for secondary schools in Dak Lak province has proposed a solution system. measures to develop leadership capacity in the application of information technology in teaching in ethnic minority boarding schools for junior high schools is an important and urgent issue that has been posed in the context of the current industrial revolution 4.0. now on.
STRENGTHENING THE BUDGET REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT OF LUANG PRABANG PROVINCE, LAO PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC
Authors: Viranon Daymone
Published: June 2020

In recent years, the management and administration of the budget in Luang Prabang province has been gradually strengthened, in which special attention has been paid to the renovation of provincial state budget revenue and expenditure management. Thanks to this, the provincial budget revenue and expenditure management has achieved some important results. However, in reality, the regular management of revenue and expenditure of the state budget in Luang Prabang province is still limited, not meeting the development needs well. The article analyzes the situation of the state budget revenue and expenditure management in Luang Prabang province in the recent time, based on which discusses some solutions to enhance the management of budget revenue and expenditure, in order to improve effective use of state budget capital, creating confidence for people in the country’s renewal process.
Peranan Sumber Daya terhadap SDM Peternak dan Pengembangan Usaha Ternak Sapi Perah di Kawasan Peternakan Sapi Perah Nasional (KPSPN)
Authors: Amam Amam , Soetriono Soetriono
Published: June 2020

Sumber daya finansial, teknologi, dan fisik merupakan bagian dari sumber daya internal usaha ternak. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi sumber daya internal usaha ternak sapi perah dan mengkaji pengaruhnya terhadap SDM peternak dan pengembangan usaha ternak. Penelitian dilakukan di Kawasan Peternakan Sapi Perah Nasional (KPSPN) Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur. Narasumber penelitian ialah peternak sapi perah anggota Kelompok Usaha Bersama (KUB) Tirtasari Kresna Gemilang. Jumlah responden adalah 174 peternak sapi perah. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode observasi dan survai dengan menggunakan pengisian kuisioner dan wawancara.Analisisdata menggunakan metode Partial Least Square (PLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 18,9% SDM peternak dipengaruhi oleh sumber daya internal, sedangkan 55,5% pengembangan usaha dipengaruhi oleh sumber daya internal dan SDM peternak. Kesimpulan penelitian yaitu sumber daya internal berpengaruh terhadap SDM peternak dan pengembangan usaha ternak.
Identifikasi Kontaminasi Logam Berat pada Ayam Kuning Sukabumi di Bogor Utara
Authors: Megabuana D. R. , Wulandari Z. , Rahayu P.
Published: June 2020

Ayam kuning sukabumi adalah salah satu pangan hewani yang banyak dijual di pinggir jalan.  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh lama penjualan terhadap kadar kontaminasi logam berat Pb, Cd dan Cu pada ayam kuning sukabumi di Kecamatan Bogor Utara.   Perlakuan pada penelitian ini adalah waktu penjualan ayam kuning sukabumi yakni 0 jam dan 3 jam.  Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan nilai rataan kadar  Pb sebesar 112% dan Cd sebesar 55% pada ayam kuning sukabumi akibat lama penjualan selama tiga jam.
Identifikasi Pasar, Komoditas, dan Margin Bersih Usaha Pasar Rumput di Wilayah Pembibitan Sapi PO Kebumen Kabupaten Kebumen
Authors: Nuraeni N. , Aryadi M. F. I.
Published: June 2020

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan tiga hal yaitu jumlah pasar rumput, jenis rumput dipasaran, dan margin bersih dari usaha. Pasar rumput muncul di wilayah pembibitan Sapi PO Kebumen karena keterbatasan waktu peternak mencari rumput dan pertambahan jumlah ternak.Waktu penelitian adalah dari Juli sampai dengan September 2019. Metode penelitian dilakukan secara survei dengan mengambil seluruh pemilik pasar rumput sebagai responden.Analisadata dilakukan dengandeskriptifkuantitatifdanstatistiksederhanasertanet profit margin (NPM). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa wilayah pembibitan sapi PO Kebumen meliputi enam kecamatan. Jumlah pasar rumput di enam kecamatan Wilayah Pembibitan Sapi PO Kebumen sebanyak 126 orang pemilik pasar rumput. Komoditas pakan yang dijual di pasar rumput terdiri dari tujuh jenis, yatu: jerami padi, rumput gajah, rumput gajah odot, jerami kacang tanah (rendeng), rumput alam, kangkung, dan dedak padi.Pakanyang paling banyak diperjual belikanadalahjeramipadi. Rata-rata pendapatan usaha pasar rumput sebesar Rp.418,110.39/hari dengan rata-rata Net Profit Margin sebesar 13.11%.
ANALISIS KEPERCAYAAN-KEPERCAYAAN INDIVIDU DALAM MENGGUNAKAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DALAM MENUNJANG PROSES BELAJAR MENGAJAR DI PERGURUAN TINGGI
Authors: Supardi Supardi , Asamara Eka Noor
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskusikan dan menguji secara empiris hubungan faktor sosial dengan cognitive absorption dan hubungannya terhadap faktor kepercayaan-kepercayaan (perceived ease of use dan perceived usefulness) dalam menggunakan teknologi informasi pada proses belajar mengajar diperguruan tinggi. Penelitian ini menggunakan sebanyak 125 dosen jurusan akuntansi di propinsi Yogyakarta sebagai responden. Faktor sosial diukur dengan menggunakan pengaruh rekan sejawat, cognitive absorption diukur dengan menggunakan lima dimensi yaitu temporal dissociation, focused immertion, heightened enjoyment, control, dan curiosity serta kepercayaan-kepercayaan diukur dengan menggunakan perceived ease of use dan perceived usefulness. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah secara non-probability yaitu purposive sampling dengan tipe judgment. Data dianalisis dengan structural equation modeling (SEM) menggunakan SmartPLS2.0. Dari hasil pengujian hipotesis, diperoleh temuan bahwa seluruh hipotesis terdukung. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan adanya bukti hubungan secara positif signifikan antara faktor sosial dengan cognitive absorption dan cognitive absorption dengan faktor kepercayaan-kepercayaan dalam menggunakan teknologi informasi. Penelitian ini telah membuktikan adanya pengaruh faktor sosial terhadap cognitive absorption dalam kepercayaan-kepercayaan menggunakan teknologi infomarmasi untuk mendukung proses belajar mengajar. Selain itu, penelitian ini telah berhasil mengembangkan model penelitian yang dilakaukan oleh Agarwal dan Karahanna (2000), yaitu dengan memberikan bukti empiris faktor sosial sebagai anteseden bagi cognitive absorption
Analysis of ECN spray A ignition in a Rapid Compression Machine using simultaneous OH* chemiluminescence and formaldehyde PLIF
Authors: Strozzi Camille , Ben Houidi Moez , Sotton Julien , Bellenoue Marc
Published: June 2020

The canonical diesel spray A is characterized in an optical Rapid Compression Machine (RCM) at high temperature and density conditions (900 K and 850 K, ρ = 23 kg/m3) using simultaneous high-speed OH* chemiluminescence and two-pulse 355 nm Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence (PLIF). The focus is on the time evolution and the repeatability of the early stages of both cool flame and hot ignition phenomena, and on the time evolution of the fluorescing formaldehyde region in between. In particular, time resolved data related to the cool flame are provided. They show the development of several separated kernels on the spray sides at the onset of formaldehyde appearance. Shortly after this phase, the cool flame region expands at high velocity around the kernels and further downstream towards the richer region at the spray head, reaching finally most of the vapor phase region. The position of the first high temperature kernels and their growth are then characterized, with emphasis on the statistics of their location. These time-resolved data are new and they provide further insights into the dynamics of the spray A ignition. They bring some elements on the underlying mechanisms, which will be useful for the validation and improvement of numerical models devoted to diesel spray ignition.
How Does Arbidol Inhibit the Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2? Atomistic Insights from Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Padhi Aditya , Seal Aniruddha , Tripathi Timir
Published: June 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic is spreading at an alarming rate, posing an unprecedented threat to the global economy and human health. Broad-spectrum antivirals are currently being administered for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) treatment. China's prevention and treatment guidelines suggest the use of an anti-influenza drug, Arbidol, for the clinical treatment of COVID-19. Reports indicate that Arbidol could neutralize the SARS-CoV-2. Monotherapy with Arbidol is found superior to Lopinavir-Ritonavir or Favipiravir in the treatment of COVID-19. In the SARS-CoV-2, Arbidol acts upon interfering in virus binding to host cells. However, the detailed understanding of Arbidol induced inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 is not known. Here, we present atomistic insights into the Arbidol-induced SARS-CoV-2 membrane fusion inhibition and propose a model of inhibition. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation-based analyses demonstrate that Arbidol binds and stabilizes at the receptor-binding domain (RBD)/ACE2 interface with a high affinity. It forms stronger intermolecular interactions with RBD than ACE2. Analyses of the detailed decomposition of energy components and binding affinities revealed a substantial increase in the affinity between RBD and ACE2 in the Arbidol-bound RBD/ACE2 complex, suggesting that Arbidol could generate favorable interactions between them. Based on our MD simulation results, we propose that the binding of Arbidol induced structural rigidity in the virus glycoprotein resulting in restriction of the conformational rearrangements associated with membrane attachment and virus entry.Further, key residues of RBD and ACE2 that interacted with Arbidol were identified, opening the doors for the development of therapeutic strategies and higher efficacy Arbidol derivatives or lead drug candidates.
Narratives of Inequality: Postcolonial Literary Economics.
Authors: Nakai Asako
Published: June 2020

Whereas postcolonial criticism might have been entrapped into culturalism and identity politics, the novel, at least its best specimens, continues to address the more fundamental question of economic inequality whose relevance has been rediscovered since the 2008 financial crisis – or so Melissa Kennedy asserts in her latest book, Narratives of Inequality. The book offers an extensive survey of postcolonial fiction across different historical times and locations. Convinced that literary studies should play an important role in the critique of global capitalism along the lines of Thomas Piketty and Amartya Sen, Kennedy selects novels that explicitly handle economic vocabulary and subject-matter. According to her, these works register the same or similar structures of inequality regardless of their specific local, historical, and cultural contexts.
Festa da noiva? Conflito, gênero e parentesco numa etnografia sobre a organização de casamentos
Authors: Escoura Michele
Published: June 2020

Em 2015, quando esta pesquisa se iniciou, o mercado de festas de casamentos faturou R$ 17 bilhões no Brasil e, nesse cenário, é comum profissionais repetirem que o casamento é a "festa da noiva". Entretanto, a partir da análise de materiais de pesquisa de campo em São Paulo (SP) e Belém (PA) mostro, neste artigo, que a direção e o controle do casamento não são necessariamente privilégios femininos. Nesta pesquisa, meu objetivo central foi compreender a forma como relações são mobilizadas, forjadas e rompidas no processo de organização de festas de casamento. A despeito da ocasião se pretender um instante de celebração de novas alianças, na discussão coloco ênfase no caráter antagônico das relações. E olhando para aquilo que seria pressuposto como a antítese do momento de comunhão festiva, os confitos, evidencio o quanto fazer a festa, entretanto, era estar em estado de guerra. Textualmente, em um primeiro momento problematizo as dinâmicas entre noivas e noivos buscando desestabilizar convenções de gênero implicadas na composição de tais eventos. Nesse movimento, tensiono os limites da noção de “indivíduo” pressuposta pelas interações comerciais e abro a primeira camada de análise sobre o casamento enquanto um espaço-temporal de inevitável relacionalidade. Em seguida, mostro como há muitos outros personagens, além dos noivos, disputando poder de mando e seus lugares como donos da festa, numa dinâmica em que as hierarquias familiares são negociadas frente à hierarquia da própria celebração. E se as brigas pela denição do grupo antrião evidenciam que o casamento está longe de ser a “festa da noiva”, acompanhando especialmente a batalha em torno da lista de convidados e o manejo prático das relações de parentesco nela implicada, argumento como o casamento se estabelece como uma festa de família e que produz, pelos conitos, a própria família.
“É só pra pessoas LGBTs isso daqui?”: a produção de espaços visíveis e abertos como formas de fazer política pela Casa 1
Authors: Oliveira Ramos Jesser R de
Published: June 2020

Localizada no Bela Vista, bairro central da cidade de São Paulo, a Casa 1 é um centro cultural e de acolhimento que recebe jovens LGBTQI+, entre 18 e 25 anos, expulsos de suas casas por seus familiares. Nos diferentes espaços do centro cultural são realizadas variadas atividades e atendimentos não apenas para os jovens LGBTQI+ acolhidos, mas também para a vizinhança, as crianças vizinhas, as pessoas em situação de rua e muitos outros públicos. Sendo assim, na feitura de seus espaços, a Casa 1 é composta por uma multiplicidade de pessoas, afetos, necessidades e demandas. Partindo de sua política de visibilidade e abertura, proponho nesse artigo discutir as relações que são estabelecidas entre a Casa 1 e as pessoas que frequentam seus espaços cotidianamente. O objetivo é i) mostrar como a fabricação de espaços visíveis e abertos envolve a Casa 1 em uma série de relações que extrapolam sua espacialidade e ii) descrever de que modo essa política implica a Casa 1 em relações de consideração, conança e ajuda com sua vizinhança. Visibilidade e abertura operam uma política que conecta muitas pessoas à Casa 1 em meio a suas práticas e ações cotidianas e que expande sua existência para outros lugares. Uma política que, como pretendo argumentar, produz múltiplas alianças com o que está fora e que, como efeito disso, promove uma modo de agir plural e heterogêneo.
Em nossas próprias armadilhas: “artefatos” antropológicos em contexto
Authors: Egidio Cariaga Diógenes
Published: June 2020

A reflexão a ser apresentada pretende deslocar a leitura para questões que envolvem o modo como os regimes de conhecimento e as técnicas de produção da Antropologia são objetificadas em cenários de disputa judicial, que envolvem muitos pontos de vista sobre o conjunto das diferenças nos modos e sentidos de habitar e existir.  O que pretendo demonstrar passa por refletir sobre o que está em jogo quando a Antropologia e o antropólogo são mobilizados como “conhecedores-técnicos” sobre o direito às diferenças, garantidos pelo Estado Brasileiro aos índios.Não irei me ater às questões processuais, executivas e burocráticas do andamento das ações, mas trazer algumas considerações sobre como a produção destes documentos agenciam diferentes perspectivas sobre o fazer antropológico e quais relações emergem na condução destas tarefas e os efeitos etnográficos acerca da autoria e ética.Deste modo, as contribuições de Annelise Riles, Alfred Gell, Roy Wagner e Marilyn Strathern conduzem para algumas reflexões sobre os efeitos transformadores e extensivos dos conceitos em disputa que estes processos criam no modo de escrever tais documentos/textos, em que os conhecimentos antropológicos e etnográficos dos antropólogos são mobilizados a partir de uma noção “técnica”, para dar relevo a contextos onde a Antropologia é vista como um “saber-técnico-científico”.
Reporting Conflict: Appraising Journalists’ Voice in Pakistani Newspaper Discourse
Authors: Tehseem Tazanfal , Jabeen Sarwat , Rashid Abdul
Published: June 2020

This paper aims at evaluating journalist voice in the Pakistani print media discourse. Journalists are supposed to make valuefree reporting, but the analysis of  newspaper texts shows that the journalists appraise and the news reports voice newspapers’ stance  (Bednarek, 2006). Therefore, media discourses always present a particular left or rightwing stance loaded with subjective evaluations (White and Thompson, 2008). While previous studies have focused on reportage phenomena of different news genres and perspective comparisons with a primary focus on language in the context of politics for an ideology, this paper explores evaluative patterns - based on the appraisal framework (Martin and White, 2005) of discourse analysis developed within Systemic Functional Linguistics (Halliday and Matthiessen, 2014) with a focus on appraisal domains of attitude, engagement and graduation - in Pakistani news reporting to find a reporter voice. The analysis shows that the said news reporting is not value free.
Self-reported maternal handwashing knowledge and behaviours observed in a rural hospital in Pakistan
Authors: Azhar Shehnoor , Faisal Madeha , Aman Arifa
Published: June 2020

Background: Under-5 mortality remains high in developing nations despite decades of multilateral cooperation to reduce it. Diarrhoea contributes up to 15% of all mortality in this age group. Frequently reported barriers include poor hygiene, lack of sanitation facilities, and negligible public health education on the issue. Interventions such as Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) could complement modern public health approaches with renewed vigour in wake of SARS-CoV-II (COVID-19). Aims: We sought to assess maternal hand hygiene and ability to prepare oral rehydration solution at home.Methods: In addition to the ability to prepare oral rehydration solution at home, this cross-sectional study, carried out at the Sughra Shafi Medical Complex, Narowal during 2017, compared knowledge, attitudes and behaviours of mothers of children with diarrhoea to those shoes children did not have diarrhoea. Results: 511 (48%) children < 5 years were diagnosed with diarrhoea irrespective of household location. Among 1065 accompanying mothers recruited for this study, only 130 (12%) were able to prepare ORS at home and 288 (27%) qualified as regular hand-washers according to the criteria. Just over half of the respondents consumed untreated water supplied via a nearby canal. Almost 80% of neighbourhoods lacked waste collection. Conclusion: These findings informed management of frequent child diarrhoea cases presented at the hospital with locally relevant preventive knowledge. They are also expected to be useful in educating mothers on regular handwashing and the preparation of ORS as home-based interventions
PENGARUH ORIENTASI KEWIRAUSAHAAN DENGAN KINERJA USAHA MIKRO KECIL DI KABUPATEN BANGGAI
Authors: Layoo Nurhidayah , Rahman Wahyudin
Published: June 2020

Di Indonesia, Keberadaan UMK tidak dapat dipisahkan dari pertumbuhan ekonomi secara nasional karena UMK merupakan wujud kehidupan ekonomi sebagian besar rakyat Indonesia,  oleh karena itu dalam upaya membangun perekonomian nasional, sub sektor UMK mendapat prioritas untuk dibina. Khusus di Kabupaten Banggai, Sulawesi Tengah. Jumlah UMK yang memiliki Surat Izin Usaha Perdagangan (SIUP) pada tahun 2012 hingga 2016 sebanyak 842 unit atau 49% dari total jumlah usaha yang ada di daerah ini, tentu yang tidak memiliki SIUP masih banyak lagi.  UMK menyerap tenaga kerja kurang lebih 9000 orang, namun yang dibina oleh Pemerintah Daerah, baru 147 unit usaha atau hanya 17,46% (Dinas Perindustrian dan Perdagangan Kabupaten Banggai, 2017).  Pembinaan dilakukan melalui bantuan permodalan dan pelatihan kewirausahaan yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kinerja UMK. Sehingga penelitian ini mengkaji bagaimana pengaruh orientasi kewirausahaan terhadap kinerja Usaha Mikro Kecil (UMK) di Kabupaten Banggai. Jumlah sampel sebesar 108 unit UMK.  Pengumpulan data menggunakan kombinasi teknik observasi, wawancara, dan kuesioner. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan analisis statistik dengan software Linier Structural Relation (LISREL). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan orientasi kewirausahaan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja UMK.  Hal ini berarti bahwa untuk meningkatkan kinerja perusahaan, pelaku UMK di Kabupaten Banggai harus mampu memelihara dan meningkatkan orientasi kewirausahaannya yang mencakup sikap inovatif, proaktif, keberanian menanggung risiko, otonomy dan keagresifan bersaing.
EKSPERIMEN MENINGKATKAN IDENTITAS KEWIRAUSAHAAN MAHASISWA DENGAN METODE BLACK BOX THINKING
Authors: Melati Inaya Sari , Farliana Nina , Raeni Raeni
Published: June 2020

Penelitian kuasi eksperimen ini memberikan sebuah treatment yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan identitas kewirausahaan pada mahasiswa melalui proyek kewirausahaan yang telah dirancang. Penerapan Black Box Thinking dengan salah satu instrumen berupa Diary Observasi dilaksanakan dalam Proyek Kewirausahaan selama 60 hari. Kelompok eksperimen dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa di kelas internasional dan kelas reguler Jurusan Pendidikan Ekonomi yang sedang menempuh matakuliah Kewirausahaan. Data diuji dengan Paired T-Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua kelas eksperimen mengalami kenaikan identitas kewirausahaan yang signifikan. Penelitian ini menyarankan perbaikan desain pengajaran di kelas kewirausahaan dengan mempertimbangkan desain bisnis mahasiswa yang berkelanjutan.
DETERMINAN YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEPUTUSAN MEMILIH PROGRAM LINTAS MINAT EKONOMI
Authors: Kortin Dafrosa Metildis , Hasan Muhammad , Dinar Muhammad , Ahmad M. Ihsan Said
Published: June 2020

Banyaknya peminat program lintas minat ekonomi di Sekolah Menengah Atas membuktikan bahwa ilmu ekonomi dewasa ini semakin digemari. Hal ini menarik untuk dibahas, untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang melatarbelakanginya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh minat, motivasi, keluarga, guru dan teman sebaya terhadap keputusan siswa jurusan IPA memilih program lintas minat ekonomi di SMA Negeri 4 Makassar. Populasi sekaligus sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI IPA yang memprogram lintas minat ekonomi dengan jumlah 80 orang siswa. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda dengan bantuan software SPSS Versi 21.0. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa variabel minat, motivasi, keluarga, guru dan teman sebaya secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan memilih program lintas minat ekonomi. Secara parsial terdapat pengaruh signifikan antara minat, guru dan teman sebaya terhadap keputusan memilih program lintas minat ekonomi. Motivasi dan keluarga tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap keputusan memilih program lintas minat ekonomi.