bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
URINARY EXCRETION OF ADRENAL HORMONES IN MAN
Authors: Brohult Johan , Levi Lennart , Reichard Hans
Published: August 2010

Abstract. A large single dose of ethanol (approximately 500 ml brand whisky) was administered to nine young, healthy males. This stimulus provoked pronounced increases in adrenaline and noradrenaline excretion during and soon after the ethanol ingestion. Similarly, the hangover next morning was accompanied by marked increases in adrenaline and noradrenaline excretion levels, in addition to increased excretion rates of 17‐hydroxycorticosteroids. In five subjects treated with 0.5 g chlormethiazole, the catecholamine increases during the hang‐over period were significantly reduced. During the week following the ethanol ingestion, the increase in adrenal function tended to persist. Some theoretical and clinical implications of these findings are discussed and some indications in favour of a relationship between the emotional‐behavioural and the physiological effects of ethanol ingestion are mentioned.
HEREDITARY AMYLOIDOSIS WITH POLYNEUROPATHY
Authors: Andersson Rune
Published: August 2010

Abstract. An account, mainly clinical, is given of 18 cases of hereditary amyloidosis with polyneuropathy. Common to all cases were progressive peripheral sensory‐motor nervous disturbances starting in the legs. Gastrointestinal dysfunction with malabsorption occurred frequently, as did various symptoms of autonomic nervous disturbances. Characteristic opacities of the corpus vitreum were found. Various ECG changes occurred, indicative of amyloidotic heart involvement, which also may have contributed to congestive cardiac failure in some of the cases. The value of examining biopsy specimens in polarized light is emphasized. Familial cases of this form of amyloidosis have not been reported from Scandinavia before.
SOLITARY PLASMOCYTOMA OF THE SPLEEN WITH MARKED POLYCLONAL INCREASE OF GAMMA G, NORMALIZED AFTER SPLENECTOMY
Authors: Stavem Per , Hjort Peter F. , Elgjo Kjell , Sommerschild Henrik
Published: August 2010

Abstract. A routine medical examination revealed a markedly increased ESR in a 40‐year‐old man. Further studies showed an enlarged spleen and a marked polyclonal increase of serum globulins. Splenectomy was performed, revealing a solitary plasmocytoma which weighed 1 kg. In the course of the first six weeks following splenectomy the serum proteins became practically normalized.
NEPHRONO‐PHTHISIS
Authors: Victorin Lars , Ljungqvist Arne , Winberg Jan , Åkesson Hans Olof
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Eighteen index cases of nephrono‐phthisis have been found and their first‐degree relatives, and in some instances also more remote relatives, have been examined to elucidate the transmission and the variability of the clinical expression of the disease. This examination included analysis of available clinical records, renal function tests in living individuals and histological re‐evaluation of available kidney specimens. The findings suggest that: 1) the disease may appear in succeeding generations; there is some evidence in favor of a dominant autosomal inheritance, although no definite conclusions are drawn concerning the type of transmission; 2) adult patients may exhibit a disease pattern the features of which are difficult to identify both from the clinical and morphological points of view.

It is re‐emphasized that “medullary cystic disease” and “familial juvenile nephrono‐phthisis” constitute one and the same disease.
PACHYDERMOPERIOSTOSIS
Authors: Ursing Bo
Published: August 2010

Abstract. The report concerns pachydermoperiostosis in two women, mother and daughter, a relationship which has never before been noted. Another unusual aspect is that the characteristic features of the condition were noted already at the birth of the daughter. Moreover both have had symptoms of disturbed gonadal function. The mother began menstruation at 20 years of age and had scanty menses. The daughter, now 30 years old, has still a primary amenorrhoea and there is a low concentration of the oestrogens and FSH excretion in the urine.
RESEARCH ON PERIPHERAL HEMODYNAMICS IN VARIOUS DISEASE STATES
Authors: Hillestad Leif
Published: August 2010

Abstract. By means of plethysmography at the local temperatures of 32 and 40°C a basis has been provided in terms of blood flow for distinction between vascular disorders of different etiology. This procedure of local heating produced a conspicuous fall of the blood flow in arteritis and in structural arterial disease on the border of gangrene. The significance of this observation is briefly discussed. A considerable vascular reserve capacity was demonstrated in threatening gangrene as well as in complete vasoconstriction. The obvious inability to put this reserve to use even under such extreme needs is commented. Examples are given of the benefits derived from a correct clinical assessment and use of hemodynamic measurements.
EFFECTS OF PROLONGED FAST ON LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE ACTIVITY ELUTED FROM HUMAN ADIPOSE TISSUE
Authors: Persson B. , Hood B. , Angervall G.
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Lipoprotein lipase activity of subcutaneous adipose tissue from nine obese subjects has been measured before and during total fast up to 13 days. The activity decreased during the first eight days but then there was a tendency of recovery. FFA in serum remained increased throughout the fast. No significant changes occurred in serum levels of triglycerides and cholesterol.
KIDNEY PRESERVATION WITH PULSATILE AND NON‐PULSATILE HYPOTHERMIC SERUM PERFUSION
Authors: Løkkegaard H. , Gyrd‐Hansen N. , Hansen R. Iversen , Hasselager E. , Nerstrøm B. , Rasmussen Folke
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Preservation of pig kidneys for 24 hours at 8°C has been studied using continuous perfusion with cryoprecipitated, microfiltered serum with a pH of 7.67, an oxygen tension of 520 mm Hg and a flow rate of 0.2 ml/g kidney tissue/min. Twenty consecutive experiments were performed. In all cases rapid onset of urine flow was seen after autotransplantation of the kidney, and histological examination one hour after recirculation showed only minor tubular damage in most cases. Nine animals died from complications unrelated to the perfusion. Two animals died from uraemia due to technically deficient perfusion (clamping of the renal vein and perfusion with lipaemic serum). With apparently optimal technique three animals died from cortical necrosis whereas six survived and were observed for three months. Measurements of inulin, endogenous creatinine, urea and PAH clearance 10, 31 and 94 days after transplantation in these six animals showed normal values as compared to a control group of autotransplanted, not long‐term preserved pig kidneys. There was no difference in the results using pulsatile and non‐pulsatile flow.
A CASE OF DRUG‐INDUCED(?) PULMONARY HYPERTENSION
Authors: Malmquist Jörgen , Trell Erik , Torp Alf , Lindström Clas
Published: August 2010

Abstract. A case of pulmonary hypertension of primary type with a fatal outcome is described. The patient had consumed large amounts of appetite‐suppressing drugs. The possibility of a causal relationship is discussed.
SUCCINIC DEHYDROGENASE ACTIVITY IN SKELETAL MUSCLE OF NORMALS AND PATIENTS WITH DYSTROPHIA MYOTONICA
Authors: Björntorp Per , Grimby Gunnar , Lindholm Björn , Stenberg Jesper , Örndahl Gustav
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Succinic dehydrogenase activity in skeletal muscle, oxygen consumption at rest and body cell mass have been examined in a group of patients with dystrophia myotonica. For comparison a group of middle‐aged blood donors and young persons before and after physical training were included, as well as a middle‐aged well‐trained group. The enzyme activity was on an average not lower in the dystrophia myotonica group than in other untrained groups. Body cell mass decreased, however, with decreasing physical activity in dystrophia myotonica. Oxygen consumption was also low. It was concluded that it is not likely that dystrophia myotonica has a deficiency in the enzymatic aerobic capacity as a primary defect. A low muscle mass with a normal aerobic capacity might contribute to the well‐known decrease of oxygen uptake in these patients.
ORGAN‐SPECIFIC, ANTIRENAL CELLULAR HYPERSENSITIVITY AFTER KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION
Authors: Weeke Eva , Weeke Bent , Bendixen Gunnar
Published: August 2010

Abstract. The in vitro reactivity of peripheral leucocytes to renal parenchymatous extract has been examined by means of a capillary tube migration technique (leucocyte migration test, LMT) in 34 patients who had received a renal transplant. In eight patients with uneventful course, and in the remaining 26 patients during uncomplicated periods (total of 206 observations), no inhibition of the migration was seen. During episodes with reduction in renal function the migration was inhibited in ten of 15 cases with acute rejection. In two cases of chronic rejection LMT was normal. Inhibition in the LMT was seen during two of seven episodes with leakage of the ureteral anastomosis. One of these patients had received a kidney from an identical twin, so ureteral rejection as the cause of the leakage could be excluded. Inhibition could also be demonstrated in a patient with recurrence of the original disease in the grafted kidney (glomerulonephritis). In six patients with transient ischaemic damage of the grafted kidney no inhibition was seen in the anuric period. The reactivity demonstrated in the present study thus indicates the development of organ‐specific, antirenal cellular hypersensitivity, possibly caused by disintegration of a proportion of the graft cells with release of kidney‐specific antigens. In the present modification the LMT seemingly does not reflect hypersensitivity to transplantation antigens for the following reasons: (i) No inhibition was seen with other tissue extracts (which might equally well contain transplantation antigens); (ii) foetal kidney extract was not able to produce transformation of lymphocytes in suspension culture; (iii) patients with active glomerulonephritis also show this reactivity. The conclusion is that LMT with foetal kidney extract reflects renal damage of different aetiology and is therefore of no practical value in the diagnosis of acute rejection after renal transplantation.
PLASMA RENIN ACTIVITY IN PATIENTS WITH DISTURBED SYMPATHETIC VASOMOTOR CONTROL (POSTURAL HYPOTENSION)1
Authors: Boźović Ljubomir , Castenfors Jan , Orö Lars
Published: August 2010

Abstract. In three patients with postural hypotension the effect of tilting on plasma renin activity (PRA) has been studied. PRA increased slightly in two patients and decreased in one. Intravenous noradrenaline infusion to one patient studied did not influence PRA.
HEREDITY IN PRIMARY HYPER‐β‐LIPOPROTEINEMIA WITH CONCOMITANT XANTHOMATA
Authors: Polano M. K. , Baes H. , Lemmens H. E. F. , Hulsmans H. A. M. , Querido A. , Pries C. , van Gent C. M.
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Three families with frequent occurrence of hyper‐β‐lipoproteinemia, xanthomatosis and ASCVD, have been analysed. Khachadurian's hypothesis, that in families with primary familial hypercholesterolemia the homozygotes are affected earlier and more severely than the heterozygotes, is tested and confirmed. The distribution in the families of cases with early and severe hypercholesterolemia, extensive xanthomatosis, and early cardiac death is in accordance with the thesis that primary hyper‐β‐lipoproteinemia, which formerly was defined as familial hypercholesterolemia, has a dominant mode of heredity with incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity.
SALICYLATE‐INDUCED HYPOPROTHROMBINEMIA
Authors: Fausa Olav
Published: August 2010

Abstract.Four cases of severe hypoprothrombinemia caused by acetylsalicylic acid in therapeutic doses are reported. All cases were verified by positive provocation tests. The hypoprothrombinemia was accompanied by bleeding episodes in two of the four patients. Repeated salicylate medication constantly induced a lowering of the prothrombin‐proconvertin level, but in spite of increased doses of salicylates the PP did not reach such low levels as those recorded initially. This observation, together with the findings of an incomplete normalization of the PP in two instances, implies that the hypoprothrombinemic effect of salicylates may be influenced by additional factors. Three patients had previously been subjected to partial gastrectomy and showed signs of malnutrition and malabsorption.
DEPRESSION OF SYNOVIAL FLUID COMPLEMENT ACTIVITY AND RHEUMATOID FACTOR POSITIVITY
Authors: Hedberg Helge
Published: August 2010

Abstract. The total complement activity of synovial fluid has been determined in 215 arthritic patients, half of whom were rheumatoid factor positive. Forty‐two per cent showed rheumatoid factor negativity and normal complement values of the synovial fluid, and 45% showed rheumatoid factor positivity and depressed complement values.
CHEMOPROPHYLACTIC EFFECT OF PHENYLETHYLBIGUANIDE (DBI) ON INFLUENZA A2 AND INFLUENZA B VIRUS INFECTIONS IN DIABETIC PATIENTS
Authors: Berglund Bo , Jakobson Theodor , von Numers J. , Halonen Pekka
Published: August 2010

Abstract. The chemoprophylactic effect of phenylethylbiguanide (DBI) has been studied in 183 adult diabetics attending a diabetic out‐patient department during the outbreak of an influenza A2 and influenza B virus epidemic in Helsinki in 1965. Paired serum specimens were obtained from 53 patients in the DBI group and 130 in the non‐DBI group with an interval of four weeks to two months for the titration of CF and HI antibody of influenza A2 and B. Symptoms and signs of acute respiratory disease (ARD) which occurred between the samplings or prior to the first sampling were recorded. The rate of total ARD was slightly, and the rate of ARD with symptoms of typical influenza significantly, lower in the DBI group than in the non‐DBI group. The rate of ARD caused by influenza A2 was 8% in the DBI group and 18% in the non‐DBI group, the difference between the two groups being statistically significant, whereas no significant differences were observed in the rate of ARD caused by influenza B virus. Influenza A2 virus caused 4/19 (21%) of ARD in the DBI group and 23/60 (38%) of ARD in the non‐DBI group.
LIVER BIOPSY WITH A NEEDLE OF 0.7 MM OUTER DIAMETER
Authors: Lundquist Alf
Published: August 2010

Abstract. The study presents investigation potentialities and risks of a liver biopsy method with a very fine needle (0.7 mm outer diameter). In 2 611 biopsies a serious complication was seen in one case, an intrahepatic haematoma, which had to be evacuated surgically. Otherwise even minor inconveniences to the patients proved exceptional. Specimens for cytological examination were obtained in 99% of the biopsies, and in 34 of 41 biopsies fragments of coherent liver tissue were obtained with a protein content varying from 32 to 900 μg. The specimens proved satisfactory for electron microscopy and under certain conditions also for chemical analysis of liver tissue.
TUBULAR REABSORPTION OF CALCIUM IN THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF HYPERCALCAEMIA
Authors: Transbøl Ib , Homum Ib , Hahnemann Steffen , Hasner Eivin , Øhlenschlæger Henrik , Diemer Henrik , Lockwood Knud
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Tubular reabsorption of calcium (TRCa%) has been found to be increased in 49 out of 56 patients with hyperparathyroidism (HPT) and in one patient with pseudohyperparathyroidism (P‐HPT) (88%), while it was reduced in 17 out of 19 patients with non‐parathyroid hypercalcaemia (N‐PTH) (89%). It seems likely that the diagnostic failures in the HPT group may be due to an excessive intake of calcium on a free diet (4), erroneous creatinine analysis (2), and a combination of HPT with sarcoidosis disturbing the calcium metabolism (1). Within the N‐PTH group one diagnostic failure on free diet could not be reproduced on standard diet. The other failure occurred in vomiting alkalosis, in which the hypercalcaemia was due to the very fact that alkalosis imitated the action of parathyroid hormone upon the TRCa%. Among the traditional diagnostic procedures—serum phosphate, alkaline phosphatases, phosphate excretion index, and urinary excretion of calcium—the last one is the most valuable. Forty‐seven per cent of patients with HPT had normocalciuria, while this applied to only one out of 19 in the N‐PTH group. It is concluded that determination of TRCa%—performed on standard diet—is well‐suited for distinguishing HPT and P‐HPT from N‐PTH. The method cannot distinguish between HPT and P‐HPT, and it may fail if HPT is combined with another cause of hypercalcaemia or if hypercalcaemia is due to a non‐parathyroid factor acting direct upon the TRCa%. Calculation of the “TRCa”%—by substituting the concentration of ultrafiltrable calcium by total calcium—gives the same qualitative separation between the groups as TRCa%.
PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF ECG‐CHANGES IN SURVIVORS OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Leren Paul , Hjermann Ingvar , Björnson Jan
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Electrocardiograms recorded 1–2 years after a first myocardial infarction in 412 males have been classified according to the Minnesota Code, and ECG groups of possible prognostic significance were established. One reference group with normal or fairly normal ECGs; three other groups: (A) with major Q‐changes, (B), with Q‐and T‐changes, and (C), a mixed group with hypertrophy, conduction defects and arrhythmias. The 5‐year incidence of myocardial reinfarction and of acquired angina pectoris was uninfluenced by the ECG pattern at the start of the study. The incidence of sudden death and total CHD death was lower when the ECG at the start of the study was normal or fairly normal.
ELEVATION OF URIC ACID CLEARANCE CAUSED BY INAPPROPRIATE ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE SECRETION
Authors: Mees E. J. Dorhout , van Assendelft P. Blom , Nieuwenhuis M. G.
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Two patients with hyponatraemia resulting from an inappropriate ADH secretion syndrome had low serum values and elevated clearances of uric acid. All the values returned to normal after fluid restriction. The same changes in uric acid clearance and serum level were seen when this syndrome was experimentally induced in five normal subjects.
QUANTITATIVE ASPECTS OF HEMOLYSIS IN AORTIC VALVULAR DISEASE AND BALL VALVE PROSTHESIS
Authors: Myhre Erik , Dale Jon , Rasmussen Knut
Published: August 2010

Abstract. The degree of hemolysis was evaluated by determination of serum lactic dehydrogenase activity (LDH) in 97 non‐selected cases with unoperated aortic valvular disease and 56 patients with Starr‐Edwards aortic ball valves. Significant hemolysis was uncommon in unoperated patients. Increased red blood cell destruction was found in the majority of patients with prosthetic valves and exceeded twice the normal in about 35% of the cases. When present, anemia was usually due to iron deficiency. The probable mechanisms of anemia in patients with prosthetic heart valves are discussed.
THE EFFECT OF GLUCOSE ON THE GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE IN NORMAL MAN
Authors: Brøchner‐Mortensen J.
Published: August 2010

Abstract.On ten occasions the renal clearances of inulin andaCr‐EDTA have been measured before, during and after hyperglycemia induced in nine normal young men. Glucose was given as a combined oral and intravenous load, so that the blood glucose concentration was elevated moderately for 2–3 hours. During the hyperglycemia there was a highly significant increase, averaging about 9%, in the inulin and61Cr‐EDTA clearances. The maximum increase in inulin clearance averaged 18% and in61Cr‐EDTA clearance, 19%. The plasma volume increased, on average, 16%. The effect of glucose loading on the glomerular filtration rate may be explained either by hemodynamic factors or by an interaction between glucose and sodium transport in the kidney.
THE VARIATION IN TWENTY‐ONE SERUM PROTEINS BEFORE AND AFTER RENAL TRANSPLANTATION
Authors: Weeke Bent , Weeke Eva , Bendixen Gunnar
Published: August 2010

Abstract. The concentrations of 21 serum proteins were followed by immunochemical methods during ten acute rejection episodes after renal transplantation. A significant fall in the concentrations of albumin and Gc protein was demonstrated during the rejection episodes. However, similar changes may occur in other conditions and therefore cannot be considered specific for rejection. Minor alterations in the remaining 19 of the proteins examined were non‐significant. A comparison between the protein changes in early and late rejections, and a study of the changes in one patient who had both an early and a late rejection, clearly showed a difference between the changes of the serum protein pattern during early and late rejection.
RETURN OF HUMAN LEUKEMIC MYELOBLASTS FROM BLOOD TO BONE MARROW
Authors: Killmann Sven‐Aage , Karle Hans , Ernst Peter , Andersen Vagn ,   With the technical assistance of Mathilde Brandt
Published: August 2010

Abstract. A patient with acute myeloblastic leukemia received a single intravenous injection of Methotrexate, followed 16 hours later by vincristine. The total blast count remained stable for 16 hours after Methotrexate, then declined moderately, and from 24 to 48 hours after Methotrexate fell exponentially with a half‐time of approximately 4 hours to 1/50 of the original value. This is not easily explained from leukemic cell kill alone, and it is suggested that such a rapid and massive reduction in blood blast count may in part be due to an anatomical redistribution of blast cells. That blast cells do return from the blood to the marrow was shown by studies of the fate of labeled cells: immediately prior to Methotrexate, blast cells from the blood were labeled with 3H‐cytidine and then rapidly reinfused. Serial blood and marrow smears were obtained and autoradiographed. The number of labeled blasts in the blood closely paralleled the total number of blasts in the blood throughout the 6‐day study period. Nine bone marrows were obtained between 6 and 96 hours after autotransfusion; in all samples significant numbers of labeled blasts were found in the marrow which could not be accounted for by blood contamination. An attempt to demonstrate that labeled cells, which return to the marrow, will resume cell division was unsuccessful.
PROLONGED AMBULATORY OXYGEN THERAPY IN PULMONARY HYPERTENSION OF VARIOUS ETIOLOGY
Authors: Johansson Bengt W. , Torp Alf , Trell Erik
Published: August 2010

Abstract. The effect of long‐term (4 to 7 weeks) oxygen administration on the pulmonary arterial pressure has been studied in four patients with pulmonary hypertension of varying etiology. Two patients had congenital heart lesions; one had a ventricular septal defect and the other a scimitar syndrome and endocardial cushion defect. A third patient had pulmonary hypertension, a history of Raynaud symptoms and heavy consumption of appetitereducing agents. The fourth patient had pulmonary hypertension in combination with Mb Osier, as had her sister and probably other members of her family. None of these patients responded to chronic oxygen administration (2 to 10 1/min by nasal catheter) with a fall in pulmonary arterial pressures, although there was a rise in PaO2 in all cases. Neither was any fall in pulmonary pressure seen when these patients were allowed to breathe pure oxygen for 10 to 25 min. This negative result is in contrast to other reports on long‐term oxygen administration in patients with chronic bronchitis and emphysema. The effect of pure oxygen breathing on the pulmonary arterial pressure is suggested as a screening test for long‐term oxygen administration to patients with pulmonary hypertension: if no acute effect of oxygen is seen on the pulmonary arterial pressure, there will probably be no chronic effect.
THE POSTURAL PLASMA RENIN RESPONSE IN RENOVASCULAR HYPERTENSION
Authors: Nielsen Ingolf , Nerstrøm Benni , Jacobsen Jørgen G. , Engell H. C.
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Plasma renin activity (PRA) in the supine position has been measured in 20 patients with signs of renovascular hypertension. Aldosterone secretion rate (ASR) was measured in 11 of these patients, while postural experiments were performed in 16. Operation, mostly reconstruction of the renal artery, was performed in 16 patients. PRA in the supine position was on average significantly higher in the patients than in normal subjects, although the range of values in the two groups overlapped. Postural experiments demonstrated qualitative as well as quantitative deviations from normal. When the increase in colloid osmotic pressure (ΔCOP) was plotted against the increase in PRA (ΔPRA), a highly exaggerated PRA response was detected in four patients. The remaining patients formed a population with a significant linear correlation between ΔCOP and ΔPRA (r=0.56, p<0.01). The slope of the regression line did not differ significantly from the slope of the corresponding line, obtained from postural experiments in normal subjects. Hence, the group of patients with renovascular hypertension had either an exaggerated or a normal postural PRA response. In the majority of patients PRA had increased already after 5 min in the standing position, in contrast to the findings in normal subjects. In half of the patients PRA levels reached a plateau in the standing position, while in the other half a peak value was attained on standing. Eleven patients were cured or improved by surgery. No correlation was found between surgical success and any of the different postural reaction patterns. The paired values for PRA and ASR fitted in with the general correlation between these values in normal subjects and some other hypertensive states.
THE FIDELITY OF A SAMPLING‐RECORDING SYSTEM USED FOR MYOCARDIAL CLEARANCE CURVES WITH XENON 133 AS AN INDICATOR
Authors: Holmberg Stig , Cranstone Jay
Published: August 2010

Abstract. The fidelity of a sampling‐recording system for recording of Xenon 133 myocardial clearance curves was tested in a flow model in which monoexponential clearance curves could be produced. The sampling system did not induce any significant distortion of the clearance curves in spite of the low sampling speeds used, 5–25 ml per minute. This accurate response was attributed to details in the construction, which favored turbulence in the system.
MILD CARBOHYDRATE INTOLERANCE DEVELOPING INTO CLASSIC JUVENILE DIABETES
Authors: Johansen Klaus
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Mild carbohydrate intolerance in children and young people is very seldom seen and the natural history of the disease is unknown. The work is a study of the plasma insulin response to glucose and tolbutamide in a young man during a state of mild carbohydrate intolerance as well as after changing into severe carbohydrate intolerance two and a half years later. A significant but delayed plasma insulin response was seen during the state of mild carbohydrate intolerance after oral and intravenous glucose, while no response occurred after intravenous tolbutamide. No plasma insulin response at all to either glucose or tolbutamide was found during the state of severe carbohydrate intolerance.
OBSERVATIONS DURING TREATMENT OF CYSTINURIA WITH D‐PENICILLAMINE
Authors: Rasmussen Knut
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Three patients with severe stone‐producing cystinuria have been treated with d‐penicillamine for altogether 68 patient‐months. The treatment was effective in all instances, but serious complications ensued in two patients. One patient acquired a severe nephrotic syndrome and laboratory signs of systemic lupus erythematosus. This patient is probably the first described with both these complications, and possibly also the first described cysünuric developing SLE from penicillamine. Another patient used the drug throughout pregnancy and gave birth to a child with a generalized connective tissue defect, probably caused by penicillamine dissolution of fetal collagen. This patient seems also to be the first described of the kind. Before d‐penicillaminc is used in the therapy of cystinuria, one should ascertain that other measures have been used to their full extent. Treatment with d‐penicillamine requires meticulous control in order to detect complications at the earliest possible stage.
PREDICTIVE CRITERIA OF SURGICAL CURABILITY OF RENOVASCULAR HYPERTENSION
Authors: Fournier A. , Romeder J. M. , Salmon Denise , Meyer P. , Milliez P.
Published: August 2010

Abstract. The data available before a hypertensive patient undergoes surgical treatment for renovascular hypertension have been assessed as to their value in predicting the effect of the operation on the hypertension. The 43 patients studied were selected to exclude secondary complications and technically unsatisfactory surgical procedures. The data were assessed individually and also by discriminant analysis to determine the best combination of criteria for preoperative prediction of surgical results. The best individual criteria were (in order of decreasing importance): 1) increased urinary concentration of creatinine or inulin on the diseased side or increased plasma renin activity (PRA) in the suprarenal inferior vena cava; 2) hemadynamic delay beyond the arterial stenosis (renal arteriogram); 3) duration of hypertension; and 4) sum of criteria from excretory urogram. Combination of clinical and roentgenologic criteria provided correct prediction in 80 to 85% of the cases, which is about the accuracy provided by the best individual criteria.
ON COAGULATION AND FIBRINOLYSIS IN ACUTE RENAL INSUFFICIENCY
Authors: Larsson Sten Olle , Hedner Ulla , Nilsson Inga Marie
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Factors of the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems have been studied in 18 patients with acute renal insufficiency, 13 with acute tubular necrosis and 5 with glomerulonephritis. In six cases there was more or less pronounced thrombocytopenia, but in none of the patients were there certain signs of disseminated intravascular coagulation. The general picture of the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems in acute uraemia found in the present investigation was characterised by prolonged Ivy bleeding time, increased content of factor VIII and fibrinogen, low fibrinolytic activity and increased value for inhibitors of plasminogen activation, largely the same changes as those found in chronic uraemia.
THE LIPID PATTERN IN NORMALS AND ATHEROSCLEROTICS
Authors: Leren Paul , Haabrekke Olav
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Blood lipid studies with lipoprotein typing a.m. Fredrickson were performed in 1 155 persons including 207 normals, 559 coronary heart disease patients, and 101 patients with atherosclerosis obliterans of the lower limbs. The results of lipoprotein typing were as follows. Type Normal: 43.2%, 54.8%, and 66.8%. Type II: 43.9%, 32.3%, and 20.3%. Type IV: 9.2%, and 3.7% could not be classified. (The figures refer to upper cutoff points of normal cholesterol of 275, 300 and 325 mg/100 ml, respectively.) Triglyceride levels were distinctly correlated to body weight.
BLOOD LIPIDS IN PATIENTS WITH ATHEROSCLEROSIS OBLITERANS OF THE LOWER LIMBS
Authors: Leren Paul , Haabrekke Olav
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Blood cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose determinations, as well as paper electrophoretic separation of lipoproteins, were performed in 85 patients aged 30–64 (67 males and 18 females) with atherosclerosis obliterans of the lower limbs. Mean fasting cholesterol, triglyceride and glucose values were 322, 183 and 81 mg/100 ml, respectively. With a setting of the upper normal cholesterol limits of 275, 300, and 325 mg/100 ml the percentage distribution of the Fredrickson lipoprotein types was as follows. Type Normal: 27.1, 37.7 and 49.4. Type II: 55.3, 44.7 and 32.9. Type IV was diagnosed in 12.9%, and 4.7% could not be classified. Blood lipid and glucose levels have been given in different lipoprotein types. Only 28% of the patients were overweight.
KIDNEY PRESERVATION BY HYPOTHERMIA USING A PERFUSATE MEDIUM WITH “INTRACELLULAR ION COMPOSITION”
Authors: Løkkegaard H. , Boysen G. , Gyrd‐Hansen N. , Hansen R. Iversen , Hasselager E. , Nerstrøm B. , Rasmussen Folke
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Preservation of pig kidneys for 24 hours at 0°C has been studied using combined surface and short‐term initial perfusion cooling. As perfusate and storage medium a solution which mimics the intracellular ion composition has been used. Six consecutive experiments were performed. All the animals survived the transplantation and were observed for three months. Measurements of inulin, endogenous creatinine, urea and PAH clearances 10, 31 and 94 days after transplantation showed normal values as compared to a control group of autotransplanted, not long‐term preserved pig kidneys. Apart from a transitory reduction in the renal function during the first days after transplantation, the only permanent reduction found was a reduced maximal tubular excretion of PAH.
THE RAPID LOWERING OF HAEMATOCRIT BY EXCHANGE TRANSFUSION OF RHEOMACRODEX® DEXTRAN 40
Authors: Gregory R. J.
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Exchange transfusion using dextran 40 has been described in 31 patients. This would appear to be a safe and logical procedure for treating both primary and secondary polycythaemia where venesection would normally be considered. As much as 3.5 1 of blood may be removed rapidly at a time without harming the patient. The method may also be of benefit in thrombotic disease as it allows a much larger loading dose of dextran 40 than could normally be given safely. It is suggested that the resultant fall in haematocrit may be important in improving tissue perfusion despite loss of oxygen carrying capacity. A clinical trial of the procedure in the various conditions mentioned is planned in the Island of Guernsey in conjunction with studies at Guy's Hospital, London.
THE PERIPHERAL NERVE FUNCTION IN CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE
Authors: Nielsen V. Kamp
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Clinical symptoms and signs of peripheral nerve dysfunction in 109 patients with chronic renal failure have been intercorrelated. Paresthesia was the symptom best correlated to signs favouring a neuropathy, whereas cramps and restless legs occurred equally frequently in patients with and without signs. The discriminant power of each single symptom and sign for the detection of peripheral neuropathy was analysed. The results indicate that 91% of all patients presenting neurological findings would be detected when any one of the following three criteria are present alone or in combination: paresthesia, impaired vibratory perception, and reflex disturbances. A grading of clinical findings into three groups (eight classes) is presented, according to the number of symptoms and signs, severity and extent of neurological affection.
THE ISCHEMIC LACTIC ACID RESPONSE AND THE MUSCLE LDH‐ISOENZYME PATTERN IN ALCOHOLICS
Authors: Nygren Arne
Published: August 2010

Abstract. The blood lactic acid response to anaerobic exercise and the LDH‐isoenzyme pattern in skeletal muscle have been studied in 15 acutely intoxicated alcoholics. Three groups were used as controls. Group I healthy subjects, group II patients who had recovered from an acute disease, group III patients examined in connection with an acute disease. A low anaerobic lactic acid response and a reduced proportion of LDH‐5 together with raised LDH‐1, LDH‐2 and LDH‐3 in skeletal muscle were demonstrated in the alcoholics as well as among the patients with an acute disease (group III). These changes are interpreted as unspecific findings in skeletal muscle in connection with various diseases.
PHYSICAL WORKING CAPACITY AND AGE
Authors: Böttiger L. E.
Published: August 2010

Abstract. An investigation of the performance of nearly 7700 participators in a long distance skiing race (“Vasaloppet”) shows a very regular change with rising age. The performance rises up to 30–35 years of age and thereafter falls continuously—at a rate of approximately 6–7%/10 years.
MONOPHASIC ACTION POTENTIALS FROM RIGHT ATRIAL MUSCLE RECORDED DURING HEART CATHETERIZATION
Authors: Olsson S. Bertil
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Monophasic action potential (MAP) has been recorded in 32 patients using suction electrode technique. By repeated suctions a total of 54 recordings were obtained which were acceptable for analysis. MAP is described in SR (24 cases), CSR (3 case), AF (4 cases), AF1 (1 case) and A‐arrest (2 cases). Comparison of MAP was possible between digitalized and undigitalized patients in SR. Acute digitalis effect was studied in 2 patients and acute atropine effect in another 2. Analyses of MAP was possible with respect to the duration of total MAP in all recordings and of phases 1–2 and 3 in 7 recordings. The duration of the MAP increases with decreasing heart rate during sinus rhythm. There is no statistical evidence of differences in MAP duration between patients with and without digitalis treatment. The variability in the duration of a single MAP is associated with different relative repolarization rates of phase 3. Variations in duration of the MAP in individual patients are probably due to nonuniform vagal distribution. A short duration of the MAP in two patients with converted atrial fibrillation suggests the possibility of a short refractory period which may reflect an arrhythmia tendency.
HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE
Authors: Brøns Morten , Christensen N. C. , Hørder Mogens
Published: August 2010

Abstract Concentrations of triglycerides and cholesterol in serum and the distribution of plasma lipoprotein fractions have been studied in 25 patients with chronic non‐nephrotic renal failure. Hyperlipoproteinemia was demonstrated in 17 of them (type II 1 case, type III 1 case, type IV 13 cases, type V 2 cases). None of the recognized causes of secondary hyperlipoproteinemia appeared to be responsible for this high incidence. In 19 patients the i.v. glucose tolerance test showed abnormal responses. For patients with 24‐hour urinary losses of protein exceeding 3.5 g a statistically significant (inter‐patient) correlation was found between the concentration of triglyceride in serum and the rate of renal protein excretion. Including patients with milder degrees of proteinuria this relationship was obscured, and no further correlation could be established between serum lipid values and proteinuria, renal function or glucose tolerance.
CARDIAC PACING THROUGH TRANSTHORACIC ELECTRODE IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Edhag O. , Nyquist O. , Orinius E. , Paasikivi J.
Published: August 2010

Abstract Among 450 consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction 20 have been paced by a transthoracic electrode because of persistent asystole during their stay in a CCU. In 19 patients a QRS rhythm was induced, but only one survived long enough to have the transthoracic electrode replaced by a transvenous one. This patient left the hospital without any disablement.
BODY WEIGHT IN SWEDISH BOYS OF 18
Authors: Ahlborg Björn , Linroth Klas , Nordgren Bengt , Nordesjö Lars‐Olof , Schéle Rickard
Published: August 2010

Abstract A representative sample of about 3% of practically the whole population of Swedish 18‐year‐old boys has been examined in connection with enlistment to compulsory military service. The sample consisted of 1 789 boys of 18. The variation of body weight (b.wt.) and other body dimensions such as body height (b.ht.), femoral condylar breadth (right side), chest circumference, waist circumference and muscular strength are presented. The predicted b.wt., reference weight (RW), calculated from b.ht. and femoral condylar breadth are shown in Tables. The quotient between measured weight and RW, weight quotient (WQ), is used. The correlation between b.wt. and femoral condylar breadth is higher than that between b.wt. and b.ht. Individual differences, as regards fat and muscular mass of the body, are discussed as reasons why in some cases the b.wt. differs considerably from what is predicted from b.ht. and femoral condylar breadth.
COAGULATION DEFECTS AND ATHEROSCLEROSIS INDUCED IN RABBITS BY A DIET CONTAINING MEDIUM CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES (MCT)
Authors: Malmros Haqvin , Nilsson Inga Marie , Sternby Nils H. , Arvidson Gösta , Kockum Inger
Published: August 2010

Abstract In recent years medium chain triglycerides (MCT) have been widely used in the treatment of various diseases, such as different forms of malabsorption and certain types of hyperlipaemia. Only a few animal experimental studies and hardly any long‐term studies had been available before the introduction of this agent as a therapeutic in clinical medicine. In experiments on rabbits a semisynthetic diet containing 20% MCT produced a remarkable rise in serum cholesterol, a certain increase of the triglycerides and distinct atheromatous changes in the aorta. The level of linoleic acid decreased markedly in the neutral lipids of serum, liver and adipose tissue. There was also an influence on the relative proportions of saturated and monounsaturated long chain fatty acids in the serum lipids. The phospholipids of serum and liver retained relatively high levels of linoleic acid. An incidental finding was that MCT caused a defect of the coagulation of the same type as that seen in severe diseases of the liver, such as liver cirrhosis in man. At postmortem examination considerable changes were found in the liver, probably a manifestation of a toxic effect. In two cases MCT was replaced by an equivalent amount of corn oil after 32 weeks. This resulted in a rapid normalization of the serum cholesterol and triglyceride values. The coagulation of the blood also became normal. Postmortem examination of these two cases, after they had been fed corn oil for 18 weeks, revealed a normal or practically normal liver.
EVALUATION OF THE PRIMARY IMMUNE RESPONSE IN UREMIA AND AFTER EXTRACORPOREAL IRRADIATION OF THE BLOOD
Authors: Weeke Eva , Bendixen Gunnar
Published: August 2010

Abstract The development of cellular and humoral hyper‐sensitivity has been examined in seven uremic patients on chronic hemodialysis, following primary immunization with brucella bacteria. Both types of hypersensitivity were detected by the leucocyte migration test (LMT) and the agglutination reaction, respectively. The primary cellular response to an antigen, as measured by means of the LMT, varied with the serum creatinine level. Before dialysis, when the serum creatinine was high, the LMT was normal; after dialysis, when the serum creatinine was relatively low, the LMT was reduced. When estimations were performed shortly after dialysis treatment, i.e. at relatively low levels of serum creatinine, the seven uremic patients developed cellular as well as humoral hyper‐sensitivity to the same extent as non‐uremic controls. Three of the seven uremic patients received extracorporeal irradiation of the blood (ECIB) prior to immunization with brucella bacteria, whereas four were vaccinated without preceding ECIB. ECIB appeared neither to attenuate nor to abolish the primary immune response to brucella antigen, as measured by means of the LMT and the agglutination reactions.
LYMPHOCYTE TRANSFORMATION TESTS BEFORE, DURING AND AFTER EXTRACORPOREAL IRRADIATION OF THE BLOOD
Authors: Weeke Eva
Published: August 2010

Abstract The lymphocyte responsiveness before, during and after extracorporeal irradiation of the blood (ECIB) has been investigated in 12 patients by means of lymphocyte transformation tests. Three kinds of stimulating agents were used: allogeneic cells in mixed cultures, tuberculin‐purified protein derivative and phytohemag‐glutinin. Before ECIB the blast cell transformation of lymphocytes in urernic patients was identical to that of normal controls, per unit number of cells. The response per unit number of lymphocytes after stimulation with allogeneic cells and purified tuberculin was reduced significantly during ECIB but was normalized at the end of and after ECIB. The response after stimulation with phytohemagglutinin was unchanged, during as well as after ECIB. These results are compatible with the following hypothesis. The reduced immunological function of lymphocytes during ECIB is due to an accumulation of irradiation‐damaged lymphocytes in the blood. After cessation of ECIB these partially damaged cells are cleared from the blood. The fraction of thymic‐dependent, small lymphocytes left in the peripheral blood is therefore the same as before ECIB, although the total number is reduced.
APLASTIC ANAEMIA
Authors: Böttiger L. E. , Westerholm B.
Published: August 2010

Abstract Two patients with fatal aplastic anaemia developing after infectious hepatitis have been found among 80 cases of aplastic anaemia during the 5‐year period 1964–68. Approximately 900 cases of infectious hepatitis were registered during the same time. The findings would indicate that at least 2.5% of the aplastic anaemias are connected with infectious hepatitis and that the risk of developing aplastic anaemia after viral hepatitis is in the order of 0.1–0.2%. Two additional patients with the same combination of hepatitis and aplastic anaemia are described from the years following the original 5‐year period. A survey of the literature is given.
HEMODYNAMIC EFFECTS OF OXPRENOLOL ALONE AND COMBINED WITH NITROGLYCERIN IN PATIENTS WITH ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE
Authors: Lecerof H. , Malmborg R. O.
Published: August 2010

Abstract In 16 males with ischemic heart disease the acute hemodynamic effects of a new β‐blocker, oxprenolol, have been studied during rest and exercise by right heart catheterization technique. The myocardial oxygen‐saving effect of oxprenolol was demonstrated by a significant reduction of heart rate during exercise and a widened arterio‐venous oxygen difference. Addition of nitroglycerin rapidly and markedly reduced myocardial oxygen demand by reducing the left ventricular filling pressure and the mean systemic arterial pressure. Oxprenolol and nitroglycerin can be combined without any untoward effects and without loss of efficiency of either drug. However, no evidence of synergism between the two drugs was found in this study.
FRUCTOSE AND LIVER PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
Authors: Mäenpää Pekka H.
Published: August 2010

Abstract. Intravenous administration of 5 mmoles per kg of D‐fructose to rats causes a transient but strong inhibition of incorporation of 14C‐leucine into liver protein. The inhibition is maximal 2 to 5 minutes after the fructose injection and is practically over 25 minutes later. The inhibition of 14C‐leucine incorporation is closely correlated with the depletion of adenosine triphosphate (7). Liver polysome profiles are essentially unaltered 5 minutes after the administration of fructose, but at 15 and 30 minutes a gradual and extensive disaggregation of large polysomes is observed. Changes in the hepatic levels of free magnesium are thought to be involved in the alterations of the polysome profiles after fructose administration.
THE CORTICOID, INSULIN AND GROWTH HORMONE RESPONSES TO INTRAVENOUS FRUCTOSE IN MEN AND WOMEN
Authors: Aitken J. M. , Newton D. A. G. , Hall P. E. , Dinwoodie A. J.
Published: August 2010

Abstract. The corticoid, insulin and growth hormone (HGH) responses to intravenous fructose were studied in 20 men and 12 healthy oophorec‐tomized women, who were given an infusion of 100 mg/kg fructose over a period of five minutes. Blood samples were obtained before the infusion and at intervals for one hour thereafter.

Significant rises in plasma corticoid concentration were not observed, but significant falls appeared at one hour in all subjects. Plasma insulin concentrations rose significantly within 10 minutes of the infusion and fell to sub‐fasting values by one hour in the males, but similar changes were not found in the females. Fasting HGH concentrations were significantly higher in the females than in the males and at one hour after fructose these values fell in the former and rose in the latter to a significant degree.

In the men the changes in plasma insulin were directly related to the changes in plasma glucose. Changes in plasma corticoid and HGH concentrations were inversely related to the changes in plasma insulin.

In the women the above interrelationships were not demonstrable, but both the 30 minute changes in plasma glucose and insulin were found to be directly related to the degree of obesity.

These responses to fructose in the men are similar to those induced by glucagon and it is suggested that the initial response to fructose may be the release of glucagon.