bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revisiting Philosophical Dichotomies in South Africa's Post-Colonial Policing Foundational Structures: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Motsepe Lesiba Lolly
Published: May 2024

This article examines the historical and medieval policing paradigms in South Africa, focusing on the integration of diverse policing styles worldwide, including indigenous precolonial African policing systems. Irrespective of efforts to modernize policing, remnants of Eurocentric and Americentric approaches persist, rooted in colonial and apartheid legacies. Through qualitative document analysis, it's evident that within contemporary policing in South Africa, there are similarities influenced by historical practices driven by colonisation, racism, and oppressive ideologies that excluded the indigenous majority. To a certain extent, these influences impede effective crime resolution. The article advocates for a paradigm shift towards blending a resource-based policing model and African pre-historic policing systems (syncretic), diverging from the prevailing business-centric approach. This model emphasizes continuous adaptation to crime trends, situational responses, and community dynamics, incorporating multidimensional factors such as historical context, social policies, and cultural influences. Embracing this model offers South Africa a more inclusive and effective approach to hybridised policing tailored to its unique challenges and persistent aspirations.
The Processing of Forensic Investigative Leads in Criminal Investigations Conducted by the South African Police Service
Authors: Smith J H , Horne J S
Published: May 2024

The adverse impact of crime undermines not only a nation’s peace and stability, but also the safety and security of its communities. Furthermore, crime affects a nation’s economy, its citizens’ standard of living, and its standing with prospective foreign investors and tourists. Forensic investigative leads (FILs) are crucial in the investigation and resolution of crime. The South African Police Service (SAPS) allocates significant resources to analyse exhibit materials and forensic databases containing vital forensic biometric information. By conducting comparative searches in these databases, FILs are generated and communicated to detectives to facilitate investigation, detection and conviction. This article does an in-depth analysis of local and international literature, examines data from the CAS/ICDMS system and reports on qualitative interviews conducted with SAPS detectives, forensic examiners, and international forensic experts. It delineates the consequences of the underutilisation and an inadequate understanding of FILs on detection rates within the criminal justice system. The research not only identifies barriers to reporting and utilising FILs, but also recommends ways to enhance the regulatory framework, information technology systems, and detective training programmes within the SAPS. Emphasising adherence to ISO standards to maintain FIL reliability during forensic examinations, the study underscores the resource constraints faced by detectives, which affect FIL utilisation and impede the desired outcomes in detection and conviction rates. The article proposes that the SAPS can overcome these challenges by prioritising resource allocation to detective forensic investigative units to enable them to follow up and investigate FILs.
The Role of Employee Engagement in the Relationship between Staff Morale and Employee Wellbeing of Nurses in the South African Public Hospitals
Authors: Mabe Lulama , Magdeline Mmako Mphoreng , Swarts Ilze
Published: May 2024

Employee engagement is essential for corporate success and is a requirement for gaining and retaining a competitive edge in public hospitals. This study assesses the role of employee engagement on the relationship between staff morale and employee wellbeing of nurses in public hospitals. A quantitative approach using self-administered questionnaires was applied to 461 nurses in the public hospitals of six provinces in South Africa for data collection. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) application was used to analyse the data obtained in the research. Ethical considerations were applied throughout the research process. Employee engagement was significantly and partially related to staff morale and employee wellbeing, and staff morale and employee wellbeing were significantly and related to employee engagement. Furthermore, the study determined that employee engagement has a mediating and moderating role in the relationship between staff morale and employee engagement. The study concluded that is that management needs managers should bring teamwork, motivation, trust, engagement, growth, and development to their employees, to identify their believes, hope, values, interests, and needs and know to what extent it matches with the hospital values, believes and goals.
Democracy in the Selection of Regional Heads to Fill Occupant Positions During the National Simultaneous Election Transitional Period in 2024
Authors: Saputra Wisnu Eka , Wisnaeni Fifiana
Published: May 2024

The appointment of regional leaders during the transition of multiple national elections in 2024 is a very important matter to discuss. It is based on the fact that the appointment of regional leaders will affect the democratization process in the region. So that the authors are interested in further research. The question discussed in the study is whether the appointment of regional heads during the transition of multiple national elections in 2024 matches the democratic principles and how the ideal concepts of joint capitals in Indonesia. The method of research used in this study is normatif juridical research. Research has shown that in democratic theoretical review, the appointing of regional leaders during the transition of multiple national elections in 2024 does not reflect the application of democratic principles based on democratic parameters.
ANÁLISE DO PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DA DENGUE NA REGIÃO SUDESTE DO BRASIL: COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE O PRIMEIRO BIMESTRE DE 2023 E 2024
Authors: Fernandes da Silva Bueno de Miranda Ana Helena , Oliveira Gomes Geovana , Zanin Eduardo Fonseca Marina , Martins Santos Yasminn , De Andrade Ruela Guilherme
Published: May 2024

A dengue é uma arbovirose de grande prevalência no Brasil, descrita como uma doença infecciosa febril aguda, que pode se apresentar de forma benigna ou grave. Esse artigo tem como objetivo analisar o perfil epidemiológico dos casos confirmados de dengue na região Sudeste durante os primeiros dois meses do ano de 2024 em comparação ao mesmo intervalo de tempo do ano de 2023. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de banco de dados gerenciado pelo Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde -DATASUS e os critérios de inclusão avaliados foram casos notificados e confirmados de dengue no SINAN que estão embasados nas normas do Sistema de Vigilância Epidemiológica do Ministério da Saúde. Na região Sudeste, foram notificados 68.339 casos de dengue durante o primeiro bimestre do ano de 2023 e 310.780 casos de dengue no mesmo período do ano de 2024, verifica-se um elevado predomínio dos estados de Minas Gerais e São Paulo em ambos os anos. Em relação às capitais desses estados, as cidades São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro são as de maior destaque numérico. Portanto, houve um aumento significativo de números de casos suspeitos e confirmados na região Sudeste quando comparado o primeiro bimestre de 2023 com o de 2024.
Homenaje al Prof. Dr. Manoel Jacobsen Teixeira
Authors: YampolsKy Claudio
Published: May 2024

Homenaje al Prof. Dr. Manoel Jacobsen Teixeira
Rizotomía percutánea por radiofrecuencia en el síndrome facetario lumbar: Presentación de 210 casos
Authors: Baabor Marcos , Holzer Jorge , Cuadra Octavio
Published: May 2024

Presentamos 210 pacientes con síndrome facetario lumbar tratados mediante rizotomía o denervación facetaria percutánea por radiofrecuencia, a quienes se les efectuó un seguimiento de 18 meses como mínimo después del procedimiento.
El resultado en el posoperatorio inmediato fue bueno en 134 pacientes (64%), regular en 45 (21%) y malo en 31 (15%). A los 18 meses los resultados fueron buenos en 117 (56%), regular en 70 (33%) y malos en 23 (11%) de los casos.
Se presentó pocos casos de complicaciones: retención urinaria en dos pacientes y disestesias radiculares en cinco, todos ellos transitorios.
El tratamiento con radiofrecuencia percutánea del síndrome facetario es una técnica segura bien tolerada y con resultados satisfactorios.
Dolor talamico y depresión: Tratamiento mediante cingulotomia anterior estereotaxica
Authors: Hernández Pablo , Martínez Fernando , Montes María José , Retamoso Irene
Published: May 2024

Caso clínico: Se describe el caso de un paciente de 40 años que sufrió una hemorragia subaracnoidea, por lo que fue operado clipándole un aneurisma de la arteria cerebral media izquierda en el año 1998. Posteriormente sufrió una isquemia en el territorio de la mencionada arteria, secundaria a vasoespasmo. Tuvo una buena evolución, quedando como secuela un leve déficit motor de los miembros derechos, que le permitió reanudar su vida y retomar su trabajo. Un año después de este evento comenzó a sentir un intenso dolor lancinante en el hemicuerpo derecho, que afectaba sobre todo la cara y el miembro superior. Inicialmente respondió de manera parcial al tratamiento médico, pero rápidamente se hizo resistente al mismo. Se agregó en la evolución un cuadro depresivo, con cuatro intentos de suicidio, por lo que requirió tratamiento psiquiátrico. La refractariedad del cuadro llevó a plantear la necesidad de tratamiento neuroquirúrgico. Debido al cuadro de hiperpatía talámica concomitante con depresión severa se decidió realizar una cingulotomía anterior bilateral. Resultados: Tuvo una buena evolución, con notorio alivio del dolor y del cuadro depresivo, habiéndose reintegrado al trabajo luego de un año de la cirugía. Conclusiones: Ante un cuadro de dolor talámico refractario al tratamiento conservador concomitante con depresión severa que ponga en riesgo la vida del paciente, una opción quirúrgica digna de ser tomada en cuenta es la cingulotomía anterior bilateral, dado que tiene probada eficacia ante ambas entidades.
New types of connected, component spaces and maximal open set via s-operation
Authors: Namiq Sarhad F. , Rosas Ennis , Salas-Brown Margot
Published: May 2024

This paper aims to introduce a kind of connected space called λrc-connected. We analyze the characterizations, properties, and relationships of λrc-connected spaces with other types of connected spaces including, λrc-locally connected spaces. Additionally, we define a class of maximal open sets which called maximal λrc-open sets. Some of its basic properties, characterization and relationships are studied and obtained.
Anatomical Consideration of Dhamani Marma with SpecialReference to Vidhur Marma in Ayurveda
Authors: Bhatt Akanksha
Published: May 2024

Marma sharira is known as the science of traumatological anatomy. Injuries to various structures of the body such  as arteries, muscles, nerves, bones, and visceral organs may result in fatal injuries and death. Marmas in Ayurvedic  classics are illustrated as the vital points in human body injury of which leads to termination of life. Acharya  Sushruta has presented five types of marmas on structural basis, that is, Mansa-marma, Sira-marma, Snayu-marma,  Asthi-marma, and Sandhi marma. Whereas according to acharya Vaghbhatt, there are six types of marmas. He has  enumerated a sixth group of marma known as Dhamani Marma. Under the Dhamani Marmas which are nine in  number he has presented Vidhur marma. The injury to which leads to deafness. The possible cause of deafness may  be due to injury of an arterial structure that is Dhamani or snayu, that is, nerves. This article focuses on co-relating  various anatomical structures such as arteries and nerves with Dhamani Marma explained by acharya Vagbhatt with  special reference to Vidhur marma injury.
A Bird’s Eye View on Ojakshaya with Special Reference to Pandu(Anemia)
Authors: Solanki Priyanka , Krishnan Ajith
Published: May 2024

It is considered that Ojas is a constituent that embodies the ultimate essence of each and every one of the body's Dhatus, or tissue elements. It is one of the Pranayatanas, or the "seat of life." Ojas is also regarded as the live, luminous energy that resides within the human body. Every bodily component needs it to function efficiently. Both physiological and psychological elements have an impact on it. The classical Ayurveda text describes Ojakshaya as one of the Ojavikara which may be prevalent in various diseases. Referring to our ancient text, Pandu Roga is a disorder brought on by Oja kshaya in the body. Clinical evaluations of Pandu patients can reveal the presence of Oja kshaya; if this information is kept in mind during treatment, it may prevent the disease from progressing further and leading to problems. The relationship between Oja kshaya and Pandu is discussed in old Ayurvedic texts. The findings indicate that Oja kshaya may be more common in Pandu patients.  The goal of this review article is to comprehend Oja and Oja kshaya and how they relate to Pandu..
Pursuing road justice through cross-party advocacy
Authors: Cohen Tom
Published: May 2024

The process of attempting to influence policy is explored through the example of the UK All-Party Parliamentary Group for Cycling and Walking’s (APPGCW’s) inquiry on road justice, carried out in 2023. First the APPGCW is introduced, then the process of the inquiry briefly explained. To illustrate the practical business of developing recommendations as part of an inquiry, one potential recommendation is discussed in detail – the idea of basing penalties for traffic offences partly on the momentum of the vehicles involved. The rationale for such a policy is explained, then the practicalities and possible shortcomings examined. This discussion concludes with the reasoning behind opting not to make a recommendation along these lines. The paper then describes the inquiry report’s content and reception, and concludes with reflections on how reports of this kind are developed and whether they achieve their ends.
Entrapment neuropathies of the upper extremity
Authors: Koçkar İsra Nur , Koyuncuoğlu Hasan Rıfat
Published: May 2024

Entrapment neuropathies are mononeuropathies caused by long term or recurrent compression of peripheral nerves as they pass through anatomically narrow areas. The diagnosis of entrapment neuropathies are based on a combination of anamnesis, physical examination and EMG findings. In this article, pathophysiology of entrapment neuropathies and some of the most common entrapment neuropathies seen in upper extremity will be discussed.
Associated with hyperglycemia: a rare cause of hyperkinetic movement disorders
Authors: Sayman Ceyhun , Akbaş Serkan
Published: May 2024

Diabetic striopathy, a neurological disorder associated with diabetes mellitus, is characterized by specific changes in basal ganglia structures, particularly the striatum. Although its precise etiology remains elusive, chronic hyperglycemia, microvascular dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation are implicated. Diagnosis relies on clinical assessment and neuroimaging, revealing characteristic basal ganglia abnormalities. Management focuses on optimizing glycemic control and alleviating symptoms. We present an 83-year-old woman with abrupt-onset unilateral chorea-ballismus as a case illustration, showcasing diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Understanding the underlying mechanisms and refining management strategies are crucial for effectively addressing this complex neurological complication of diabetes mellitus.
Os odontoideum with progressive symptoms: case report
Authors: Sevimoğlu Özge , Erdoğan Ahmet Melih , Özdemir Alemiddin , Öğden Mustafa , Bakar Bülent
Published: May 2024

A 53-year-old male patient was admitted to the neurosurgery outpatient clinic with neck pain. He had difficulty performing fine manual skills, had numbness in his hands, and felt as if he was stepping on a space while walking. He declared that his head occasionally fell forward involuntarily. He had no urinary or fecal incontinence or neurogenic claudication. On neurologic examination, there was no loss of muscle strength and no pathologic reflex. He was skillful in cerebellar tests. He declared no history of falls, impacts, or accidents. From the patient's hospital digital records, it was seen that he was admitted to the neurosurgery outpatient clinic with right arm and neck pain before, and surgical treatment was recommended to him due to the os odontoideum, but he refused this treatment. As the patient became symptomatic in the following period, atlantoaxial instability was found on cervical dynamic X-rays. For all these reasons, he was advised to undergo surgical treatment, but he re-refused the operation. In conclusion, it was considered that close follow-up with conservative treatment in asymptomatic os odontoideum patients may be appropriate. However, it was suggested that the possibility of AAI should be considered in patients who become symptomatic.
Left posterior cerebral artery occlusion following minor head trauma: a case report
Authors: Erdoğan Ahmet Melih , Sevimoğlu Özge , Bayram Fatma , Kaymakçı Buse , Özdemir Alemiddin , Öğden Mustafa , Bakar Bülent
Published: May 2024

A 17-year-old male patient who received a punch behind the left ear 2 days ago, was admitted to the emergency room with a headache and dizziness. His neurological examination was normal. Brain CT images demonstrated diffuse hypodense areas and sulcus deletion in the left occipital lobe. On MR images, diffusion restriction for acute ischemia in the left PCA watershed area was determined, and hospitalization was recommended. However, he and his relatives left the hospital. Through the electronic information system called “e-nabız”, it was learned that the patient was hospitalized in an external center and treated with antiplatelet and anticoagulant regimens for ten days due to an acute thrombus at the left PCA P1 distal-P2 level observed on the brain CT and MR angiography images. In our clinic, his neurological examination was completely normal thirty days later. Still, a visual field examination revealed a total quadrianopsy in the upper temporal pole on the right and left eyes. An encephalomalacia in the left PCA watershed area was observed on CT images. The findings of this case showed that minor head trauma in children can cause large vessel occlusion and therefore close follow-up of these children for a certain time would be appropriate.
Advancing defense capabilities through integration of electro-optical systems and computer vision technologies
Authors: Elri Ziya , Ergüzen Atilla
Published: May 2024

This paper presents a comprehensive study on the integration of cutting-edge technologies to enhance defense capabilities, focusing on object detection, tracking, and distance measurement tasks.
Also, the integration of IMX219-77 cameras and Nvidia Jetson Nano for object detection, tracking, and distance measurement in electro-optical systems is proposed. The decision to combine these components was based on their individual strengths: the high resolution and wide field of view of the IMX219-77 cameras, and the low-power, high-performance capabilities of the Jetson Nano.
Software-wise, OpenCV and GStreamer were chosen for their widespread use and capabilities in computer vision and multimedia processing tasks, respectively. The MOSSE algorithm was selected for object tracking due to its speed, efficiency, and resilience to lighting changes. Additionally, Depth Estimation (Stereo Vision) was employed for distance measurement by analyzing images captured from a pair of cameras.
The proposed algorithm involves transmitting images from the cameras to the Jetson Nano, where OpenCV and GStreamer are utilized to process the data. The MOSSE algorithm is employed for object detection and tracking, while Depth Estimation generates depth maps to measure distances between objects and the camera.
The study's results demonstrate accurate distance measurements with a margin of error ranging from 0 to 2 mm, falling below the acceptable threshold mentioned in academic literature. This aligns with similar studies in the field, showcasing the efficacy of the proposed integration for object detection, tracking, and distance measurement in electro-optical systems.
Comparison of ultrasonography findings and fine needle aspiration biopsy results in benign-malign differentiation of thyroid nodules
Authors: Tokyürek Yunus Emre , Özdemir Adnan , Bekin Sarıkaya Pelin Zeynep , Zergeroğlu Sema
Published: May 2024

Aims: The aim of this study was to compare the ultrasonography findings and cytology-histopathology findings of thyroid nodules undergoing a fine needle aspiration biopsy.
Methods: The records of patients with thyroid nodules who underwent a fine needle aspiration biopsy between January 2023 and February 2024 in the Radiology Clinic were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with malign, benign, and atypia of undetermined significance on pathology were evaluated. The correlation and concordance between ultrasonography, cytology, and histopathology findings were investigated.
Results: A total of 114 patients with biopsy pathology results of 75 (65.7%) benign, 21 (18.4%) malign, and 18 (15.7%) atypia of uncertain significance were evaluated. The study included 87 (76%) female and 27 (24%) male patients. The mean age of all patients was 53.04 years. There was no significant correlation between age, gender, nodule location, and pathology result. The presence of contour irregularity and microcalcification in the nodule was significant for malignancy (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Ultrasonography is an effective diagnostic method to differentiate between benign-malign thyroid neoplasms. Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy has a high diagnostic rate. It is helpful in determining the subsequent clinical management option for most patients.
PENERAPAN MANAJEMEN RESIKO PERBANKAN SYARI’AH DI TENGAH WABAH COVID19 DENGAN MENGAMBIL PELAJARAN KISAH NABI YUSUF ALAIHIS SALAM
Authors: Makfud Ali
Published: May 2024

Manajemen resiko sangat penting bagi stabilitas perbankan, hal ini karena bisnis perbankan erat berhubungan dengan resiko. Dalam kegiatannya, bank menghadapi berbagai resiko, seperti resiko kredit (pembiayaan), resiko pasar dan resiko operasional. Manajemen resiko yang baik bagi bank dapat menyelamatkan bank akan dari kehancuran jika keadaan terburuk terjadi sebagaimana yang terjadi saat  covid 19. Dengan kisah Nabi Yusuf  ketika menangani krisis, telah memberikan model secara spesifik bagaimana menghadapi krisis dengan langkah-langkah sebagai berikut: (1) Memilih orang yang tepat sebagai pihak terpercaya, pandai menjaga dan capable dengan pengetahuan yang memadai untukmelakukan assessment terhadap risiko yang mengancam terjadinya krisis; dan (2) Melakukantahapan-tahapan penanganan krisis, seperti mengidentifikasi krisis (signal detection), melakukanpersiapan dan pencegahan terhadap krisis (preparation and prevention), membendung kerugian (damage containment), melakukan pemulihan (recovery), dan mengambil pelajaran dari krisisyang terjadi agar tidak berulang (learning). Pembelajaran ini terutama sangat penting bagi institusi keuangan Islam yang sedang berusaha untuk menjalankan ketentuan-ketentuan Syari’ah dalam segala aktivitas usahanya.
Kata Kunci : Manejemen Resiko, Bank, Keuangan Syari’ah, Kisah Nabi Yusuf.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL AJAR BERBASIS KURIKULUM MERDEKA
Authors: Maulida Utami
Published: May 2024

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk membahas pengembangan modul ajar berbasis kurikulum merdeka belajar. Modul ajar merupakan badan kurikulum merdeka yang mana pengganti rencana pembelajaran. Modul ajar kurikulum merdeka merupakan pengganti dari RPP yang berformat dan bersifat variatif yang meliputi materi/ konten pembelajaran, metode pembelajaran, interpretasi, dan teknik mengevaluasi yang disusun secara sistematis dan memukau untuk mencapai indikator keberhasilan yang diharapkan. Guru mengembangkan modul ajar sebelum melakukan pembelajaran di dalam kelas. Salah satu fungsi modul ajar untuk mengurangi beban guru dalam menyajikan konten sehingga guru dapat memiliki banyak waktu untuk menjadi tutor dan membantu siswa pada proses pembelajaran.
PENDIDIKAN DAN RELEVANSINYA TERHADAP ICT
Authors: Oktavera Siska , Saiful Achmad , Mawaddah Tsaltsah
Published: May 2024

Tulisan ini membahas tentang Pendidikan dan relevansinya terhadap ICT (Information Comunication and Technology). Pada tulisan ini ditemukan bahwa ICT merupakan salah satu komponen penting dalam dunia Pendidikan, termasuk dalam Pendidikan Islam. Penggunaan ICT dalam dapat melahirkan cara pandang baru dalam pembelajaran, dari abai terhadap penggunaan teknologi menjadi peduli dalam penggunaannya, dari menitikberatkan pada pembelajaran offline menjadi terbuka dalam melakukan pembelajaran online. Tulisan ini pun menegaskan, penggunaan ICT di lembaga Pendidikan tidaklah tanpa celah, karena sampai saat ini pun masih banyak ditemukan ketidakmampuan dari pendidik dan peserta didik dalam penggunaannya. Adapun celah tersebut antara lain adalah; 1) Guru tidak memiliki keinginan serius untuk mempelajari ICT, dan menganggapnya sebagai sesuatu yang bersifat asing; 2) Dukungan pemerintah berkaitan dengan penyedian ICT pada lembaga Pendidikan masih belum merata, sehingga kemampun guru dalam penggunaannya pun menjadi tidak merata; 3) Adanya kecenderungan untuk bertahan pada pola pembelajaran lama yang lebih menitikberatkan pada metode ceramah daripada menggunakan ICT; 4) Kurangnya pemahaman penyelenggara sekolah, pendidik dan peserta didik tentang pentingnya ICT dalam pembelajaran.
IMPLEMENTASI KONSEP DASAR PENGEMBANGAN KURIKULUM PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM MULTIKULTURAL DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS ISLAM TERPADU AR-RAHMAH MAKASSAR
Authors: MUSLIM MUSLIM , TANG MUHAMMAD
Published: May 2024

This research aims to explore the implementation of the basic concepts for developing the Multicultural Islamic Religious Education curriculum at the Ar-Rahmah Makassar Integrated Islamic High School. The research method used is field study with a qualitative approach. Data was collected through participant observation, interviews, and document analysis. Research findings show that the implementation of the basic concept of developing a Multicultural Islamic Religious Education curriculum in these schools has been carried out through various strategic steps, including the preparation of an inclusive syllabus, the selection of learning materials that represent cultural diversity and religious understanding, and the use of teaching methods that are oriented towards tolerance and cooperation. intercultural. However, challenges in implementing this concept still exist, such as a lack of training for teachers in understanding and implementing multicultural approaches in teaching. The implications of this research underscore the importance of developing a curriculum that reflects multicultural values in the context of Islamic religious education in integrated Islamic high schools. Further research is recommended to focus on the effectiveness of implementing the curriculum on students' intercultural understanding and tolerance.
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi implementasi konsep dasar pengembangan kurikulum Pendidikan Agama Islam Multikultural di Sekolah Menengah Atas Islam Terpadu Ar-Rahmah Makassar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi lapangan dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi partisipatif, wawancara, dan analisis dokumen. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi konsep dasar pengembangan kurikulum Pendidikan Agama Islam Multikultural di sekolah tersebut telah dilakukan melalui berbagai langkah strategis, termasuk penyusunan silabus yang inklusif, pemilihan materi pembelajaran yang mewakili keragaman budaya dan pemahaman agama, serta penggunaan metode pengajaran yang berorientasi pada toleransi dan kerjasama antarbudaya. Meskipun demikian, tantangan dalam mengimplementasikan konsep tersebut masih ada, seperti kurangnya pelatihan bagi guru dalam memahami dan menerapkan pendekatan multikultural dalam pengajaran. Implikasi penelitian ini menggarisbawahi pentingnya pengembangan kurikulum yang mencerminkan nilai-nilai multikultural dalam konteks pendidikan agama Islam di sekolah menengah atas Islam terpadu. Penelitian selanjutnya disarankan untuk fokus pada efektivitas implementasi kurikulum tersebut terhadap pemahaman dan toleransi antarbudaya siswa.
OS DESAFIOS PARA A INCLUSÃO DAS PESSOAS COM DEFICIÊNCIA NA ATUALIDADE
Authors: Santos Francisca Luana da Costa
Published: May 2024

Este estudo aborda os desafios para a inclusão das pessoas com deficiência na contemporaneidade, investigando três aspectos específicos: os principais eventos da Educação Especial no Brasil, as questões jurídicas relacionadas aos direitos da pessoa com deficiência na educação e a definição da inclusão no ambiente específico. O problema de pesquisa consiste em compreender os principais obstáculos enfrentados para a inclusão dessas pessoas, considerando esses três aspectos. A justificativa para a realização deste estudo reside na necessidade de promover uma reflexão aprofundada sobre os desafios e perspectivas da inclusão das pessoas com deficiência, visando contribuir para o desenvolvimento de políticas e práticas mais inclusivas. Os objetivos deste trabalho são analisar os eventos da Educação Especial no Brasil, investigar as questões jurídicas relacionadas aos direitos da pessoa com deficiência na educação e definir o conceito de inclusão no ambiente específico. A metodologia adotada será uma revisão bibliográfica, que permitirá uma análise crítica dos desafios e perspectivas da inclusão, a partir de uma análise detalhada da literatura existente sobre o tema. Espera-se que este estudo contribua para o avanço do conhecimento sobre a inclusão das pessoas com deficiência e para o desenvolvimento de políticas e práticas mais inclusivas em nossa sociedade.
A OMISSÃO DE SOCORRO EM ACIDENTES DE TRÂNSITO E SUAS CONSEQUÊNCIAS JURÍDICAS
Authors: Batista Almiraildes Dias , Maciel José Alves
Published: May 2024

A omissão de socorro é um conceito legal que se refere à falta de ação por parte de uma pessoa que está em posição de ajudar outra pessoa em perigo ou necessidade, resultando em danos ou agravamento da situação da vítima. Ela é verificada com maior amplitude em acidentes de trânsito. Frente a esse fato, essa pesquisa teve o objetivo de analisar os efeitos jurídicos e sociais da omissão de socorro no Brasil. Para a realização dessa pesquisa, no campo metodológico, baseou-se em uma revisão bibliográfica, com fundamento em artigos científicos, livros, periódicos, na legislação e jurisprudência atual sobre o respectivo tema. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de banco de dados tais como Scielo, Google Acadêmico, dentre outros, no período de 2019 a 2023. Nos resultados, ficou evidenciado que quando um indivíduo provoca um acidente, seja ele de trânsito ou não, e causar dano, este deverá ser responsabilizado civilmente. Tal responsabilidade poderá ser tanto de modalidade contratual, quanto aquiliana, ou seja, extracontratual. Em caso de omissão de socorro, a legislação penalista brasileira o criminaliza com base no texto do artigo 135, no Título I da parte especial do Código Penal, que trata dos crimes contra a pessoa.
Leveraging regional mesh refinement to simulate future climate projections for California using the Simplified Convection-Permitting E3SM Atmosphere Model Version 0
Authors: Zhang Jishi , Bogenschutz Peter , Tang Qi , Cameron-smith Philip , Zhang Chengzhu
Published: May 2024

Abstract. The spatial heterogeneity related to complex topography in California demands high-resolution (< 5 km) modeling, but global convection-permitting climate models are computationally too expensive to run multi-decadal simulations. We developed a 3.25 km California climate modeling framework by leveraging regional mesh refinement (CARRM) using the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)'s global Simple Cloud-Resolving E3SM Atmosphere Model (SCREAM) version 0. Four 5-year time periods (2015–2020, 2029–2034, 2044–2049, and 2094–2099) were simulated by nudging CARRM outside California to 1° coupled simulation of E3SMv1 under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP)5-8.5 future scenario. The 3.25 km grid spacing adds considerable value to the prediction of the California climate changes, including more realistic high temperatures in the Central Valley and much improved spatial distributions of precipitation and snowpack in the Sierra Nevada and coastal stratocumulus. Under the SSP5-8.5 scenario, CARRM simulation predicts widespread warming of 6–10 °C over most of California, a 38 % increase in statewide average 30 d winter–spring precipitation, a near-complete loss of the alpine snowpack, and a sharp reduction in shortwave cloud radiative forcing associated with marine stratocumulus by the end of the 21st century. We note a climatological wet precipitation bias for the CARRM and discuss possible reasons. We conclude that SCREAM RRM is a technically feasible and scientifically valid tool for climate simulations in regions of interest, providing an excellent bridge to global convection-permitting simulations.
Assessing decadal- to centennial-scale nonstationary variability in meteorological drought trends
Authors: Sung Kyungmin , Torbenson Max C. A. , Stagge James H.
Published: May 2024

Abstract. There are indications that the reference climatology underlying meteorological drought has shown nonstationarity at seasonal, decadal, and centennial timescales, impacting the calculation of drought indices and potentially having ecological and economic consequences. Analyzing these trends in meteorological drought climatology beyond 100 years, a time frame which exceeds the available period of observation data, contributes to a better understanding of the nonstationary changes, ultimately determining whether they are within the range of natural variability or outside this range. To accomplish this, our study introduces a novel approach to integrate unevenly scaled tree-ring proxy data from the North American Seasonal Precipitation Atlas (NASPA) with instrumental precipitation datasets by first temporally downscaling the proxy data to produce a regular time series and then modeling climate nonstationarity while simultaneously correcting model-induced bias. This new modeling approach was applied to 14 sites across the continental United States using the 3-month standardized precipitation index (SPI) as a basis. The findings showed that certain locations have experienced recent rapid shifts towards drier or wetter conditions during the instrumental period compared to the past 1000 years, with drying trends generally found in the west and wetting trends in the east. This study also found that seasonal shifts have occurred in some regions recently, with seasonality changes most notable for southern gauges. We expect that our new approach provides a foundation for incorporating various datasets to examine nonstationary variability in long-term precipitation climatology and to confirm the spatial patterns noted here in greater detail.
Research on the optimal speed of vehicles passing speed bumps on the highway based on an immune algorithm
Authors: Yang Zhiyong , Zhang Ruixiang , Guo Zihang , Guo Jieru , Zhou Yu
Published: May 2024

Abstract. With the advancement of vehicle technology, there is a growing demand for vehicle comfort in addition to the focus on safety and functionality. On certain accident-prone sections of highways, such as entrance and exit ramps, tunnels, and downhill stretches, continuous speed bumps are typically installed to remind vehicles to reduce their speed. However, while enhancing safety, these measures also introduce a degree of discomfort for passengers and drivers alike. Vehicle speed and the type of road speed bump are key factors influencing vehicle comfort. In order to improve the ride comfort, this paper investigates the problem of adaptive speed control for vehicles passing over different types of continuous speed bumps and proposes a method for solving the optimal speed. In this research, a 4-degree-of-freedom vehicle suspension model and a road excitation model are employed to simulate vehicle vibrations. Simulation optimisation is performed using MATLAB in conjunction with an immune algorithm to obtain the optimal vehicle speeds for traversing three types of continuous speed bumps – sinusoidal, rectangular, and trapezoidal – while adhering to specified constraints. The simulation results demonstrate that this optimisation algorithm effectively enhances the ride comfort of vehicles when navigating speed bumps. The algorithm, when applied, reduces vehicle vertical displacement, acceleration, suspension deflection, and tyre load to varying degrees when crossing speed bumps. It also reduces tyre ground clearance to some extent, achieving a balance between comfort and safety. Furthermore, the study identifies the range of comfortable vehicle speeds for traversing these three types of speed bumps, providing valuable insights for selecting the appropriate speed bump design on roads with varying speed limits.
A replaceable-component method to construct single-degree-of-freedom multi-mode planar mechanisms with up to eight links
Authors: Nie Liangyi , Ding Huafeng , Kecskeméthy Andrés , Ting Kwun-Lon , Li Shiming , Dong Bowen , Wu Zhengpeng , Luo Wenyan , Wu Xiaoyan
Published: May 2024

Abstract. The multi-mode planar mechanisms (MMPMs) are excellent-performance reconfigurable mechanisms, which not only inherit structural characteristics of planar mechanisms but also have the multi-task, multi-working-condition application advantages of multi-mode mechanisms. However, lacking common bifurcation analysis and construction methods, their industrial application and development are seriously hindered. This paper presents a replaceable-component method to construct a set of single-degree-of-freedom (single-DOF) MMPMs based on the branch graphs of the corresponding planar mechanisms and the proposed multi-mode modules (MMMs). First, according to the established loop equations, all the kinematic information of the original planar mechanism is obtained by the branch graphs and singularity points using Maple. Then, compared to the relationship between the concepts of the branch and motion mode, the number and continuity of branches are taken as the index to identify the potential bifurcation and mode conversion ability for the corresponding planar mechanisms. Subsequently, the MMM is presented to help the planar mechanisms break the singularity positions to form the corresponding MMPMs, and the steps of constructing single-DOF MMPMs are summarized. Finally, a single-DOF Stephenson six-bar three-mode planar mechanism, a Watt six-bar three-mode planar mechanism, and an eight-bar four-mode planar mechanism are constructed for the first time, and the corresponding multi-mode motion analyses are made. The results can give the available configuration for the design of corresponding MMPMs. The proposed method will provide strong guidance for the configuration design of MMPMs.
Quebrando barreiras e ampliando vozes: a ciência na era da equidade de gênero
Authors: Martín-Gutiérrez Ángela , Valencia-Olivero Nelcy Yoly
Published: May 2024

O estudo da brecha de gênero e das estratégias para a eliminação das desigualdades na ciência e na tecnologia é uma linha de pesquisa complexa que analisa múltiplas dimensões, concentrando-se naquelas com maior poder explicativo, como os estereótipos de gênero, as dinâmicas e os processos que permitem sua superação, a socialização e a construção social da ciência e a necessidade de elaborar estudos teóricos e empíricos inovadores que respondam a esses problemas. Assim sendo, este artigo baseia-se em uma pesquisa qualitativa, e a forma de realizá-la foi por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica e documental com o objetivo de mostrar as barreiras e os tetos de vidro das mulheres na ciência, bem como os dados mais significativos sobre sua promoção, presença e carreira científica na Espanha. Concluiu-se que as transformações observadas podem significar várias coisas. Por um lado, é possível que se esteja presenciando um enfraquecimento de alguns estereótipos de gênero na hora de escolher uma carreira profissional, embora, por outro lado, essas transformações não sejam suficientes para realizar as reformas estruturais, institucionais ou do contexto social e cultural necessárias para a promoção, a liderança e a visibilidade das mulheres, tanto nas carreiras científicas quanto nas instituições.
Development of Low Pressure and Low Energy Sprinkling Nozzles
Authors: Atul Kumar Singh  , Adlul Islani
Published: May 2024

Existing options of efficient irrigation technologies in India are not widely adopted. Some of the major reasons are majority of the cropping area under field crops, small and fragmented land holdings and limitations of users to make high initial investments. This has restricted the adoption of efficient irrigation technologies for high valued crop. Whereas majority of the small and marginal farmers still practice surface methods of irrigation incurring not only huge wastage of water but also diesel and electric energy used for pumping when groundwater is used for irrigation. Considering conditions at small farms an attempt has been made to develop low cost water and energy efficient pressurized irrigation device, which can operate at an operating pressure less than 1.0 kg/cm2 at its nozzle head. LEPA nozzle developed by A&M Texas is one of such attempt which operates between 0.07-0.35 kg/cm2 • Some of the concepts of LEPA development have been taken into consideration, besides considering priorities of small holders in developing a Low Energy Water Application (LEWA) device. This paper discusses the target group for whom development have been initiated, experiences and lessons at different developmental stages and basic criteria adopted for the development of LEWA device.
Effect of Drying and Storage on Quality of Betel Leaves
Authors: K. Rayaguru  , Md. K. Khan  , S. N. Mohanty  , G R. Sahoo
Published: May 2024

Due to low keeping quality, betel leaves worth millions of rupees go as waste every year. If proper drying methods are scientifically standardized, the leaves can be processed at garden level and the grower can earn more profit. Therefore, the effect of different drying methods namely, sun drying, shade drying, solar drying and mechanical drying, on the quality characteristics of the leaves was evaluated. It was found that shade drying took maximum time for drying and was followed by solar drying, hot air drying (40°C), sun drying and hot air drying (50°C). However, maximum nutrient could be preserved in shade drying. The study was also carried out on storage of fresh betel leaves using traditional packaging, polyethylene packaging and ventilated polyethylene packaging. Before storing, the leaves were subjected to chemical treatment (5 ppm benzyl adenine, 8 h) and heat treatment (45°C, 1 h). It was observed that the shelf life of the leaves stored by various methods ranged between 12 and 21 days in winter and 4 to 12 days in summer. The leaves subjected to heat treatment in traditional packaging showed better performance.
Reliability of Resistivity Method of Prospecting Groundwater in Hard Rock Region
Authors: R.G Bhagyawant  , R.S. Dhotre  , S.D. Gorantiwar  , K.J. Kamble
Published: May 2024

A study was conducted to determine the reliability of electrical resistivity method of ground water explorations at 'farmers' field in under hard rock region in Rahuri Tahsil of district Ahmednagar (Maharashtra). In this method, vertical electrical soundings with Schlumberger array were carried out at forty locations in the area. The data gathered from this method at each sounding were interpreted by curve break method for finding the depth of soil formations. The interpreted data were compared with the actual observations recorded during the drilling process at 15 locations. The method was found effective in hard rock areas, as the average deviation between observed and estimated depth of water bearing strata was found to be 13.45 per cent. The reliability of this method was found 73% for selecting the site for irrigation water and 87% for determining the depth of water bearing formation.
Studies on Gasification of Coir Pith
Authors: S. A. Ramjani  , A. Sampathrajan
Published: May 2024

Coir pith is considered as an undesirable waste of coir industries. It is difficult to burn coir pith in normal atmospheric conditions. It decomposes slowly, taking 8-10 years for complete decomposition due to higher lignin content of 37 to 45%. Being dust, it is easily blown by wind. When ignited, it does not burn completely and emits continuous smoke for several days polluting the environment. Therefore, the study was conducted to produce combustible gas from coir pith through fluidized bed gasification process. A fluidized bed gasifier was developed. Coir pith of0.511 mm mean particle size was used as feed material. Thermogravimetric studies were also conducted to determine the combustion behaviour of coir pith. Thermograms obtained for raw coir pith revealed distinct stages of thermal degradation and the ignition temperature was found to be 550°C. Minimum fluidizing velocity of 0.1 m/s was adopted for sand bed. A general trend of increasing gas yield with increasing air factor and slightly decreasing trend of calorific value were noticed. The average gas composition was found to be 2.3 to 6.5%, 9.1 to 16.2% and 6.4 to 20.5% for CH4, Hz, and CO, respectively. The combustible gas was well burnt in a low calorific burner, which will fulfill the thermal needs, or the combustible gas can be used in the dual fuel engine to produce mechanical power or electricity. The average calorific value of the gas was found to be 4.23 MJ/m3
Salt Uptake by Acacia biflora Saplings from Saline Root Zone
Authors: Ch. J. Dash  , A. K. Bhattacharya  , A. Sarangi  , A.K. Singh
Published: May 2024

Waterlogging and subsequent soil salinization are the two major causes of degradation of irrigated agricultural lands. Subsurface Drainage Technology (SSDT) is an effective control measure for both. However, this technology is expensive and has an associated problem of safe disposal of the drainage effluents. These features have limited its large-scale adoption in India. Biodrainage is considered by some as an alternative, in which water and salt tolerant plant species are grown to remove the salt solutions from saline and waterlogged lands in an eco-friendly and economical manner. A pot experiment was conducted with saplings of Acacia biflora to determine the plant's salt uptake capacity from the root zone that was made saline by irrigation with water of different salt concentrations for a period of 6 months. The consequent plant sap salinity was measured and salt balance analysis was carried out to ascertain salt migration from the soil to the plant. The study revealed that the plants irrigated with the water of highest salinity removed 28.7 g of salt in comparison to the plant under control, which removed 8.4 g of salts. Even the highest salt removal by Acacia biflora saplings was negligible as compared to that by conventional subsurface drainage system. To portray bio-drainage as a land reclamation option, confirmation of salt uptake from saline lands having established plantation needs to be carried out.