bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of Oak Leaf and Fescue Hay Infusion-Baited Gravid Trap Collections—An Analysis Steeped in the Context of La Crosse Virus Vector Surveillance Effectiveness
Authors: Sither Charles B. , Sither John M. , Byrd Brian D.
Published: June 2023

Neuroinvasive La Crosse virus disease remains the primary cause of pediatric arboviral encephalitis in the USA. In spite of the persistent public health burden, there are limited entomologic surveillance options that target both native and invasive La Crosse virus (LACV) vectors. In this study we used Reiter/Cummings tacklebox gravid traps to compare white oak (Quercus alba) and hay (predominately Festuca arundinacea) infusions within a LACV-endemic area of western North Carolina. Paired gravid traps (approximately 1,728 total trap-hours for each infusion) yielded 485 mosquitoes, with 3 species (Aedes japonicus [n = 265], Ae. triseriatus [n = 156], and Culex restuans [n = 45]) accounting for 96.1% of the total collection. The hay-infusion traps collected 2.5 times more Ae. triseriatus and 1.3 times more Ae. japonicus than the oak-infusion traps. The sum differences in overall collections for these 2 species by infusion type were statistically significant (χ2 = 9.61, df = 1, P = 0.0019). Poisson ratio tests to compare capture rates suggest that hay infusions were more effective for capturing Ae. triseriatus, but that hay and white oak leaf infusions had equivocal capture rates for Ae. japonicus (an invasive LACV accessory vector) and Cx. restuans (an enzootic West Nile virus vector). These results are discussed in the context of operational considerations for LACV vector surveillance.
Obtaining Condition Monitoring Data for the Prognostics of the Flight Time of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Authors: ERŞEN Melih , KONAR Mehmet
Published: June 2023

In recent years, the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) that can fly at low and medium altitudes has become widespread in the world. Knowing the airtime and the maximum range that the UAVs, which are used in critical missions, especially in the military field, are important for the reliability of the mission to be carried out. Therefore, in this study, the creation of a data set to calculate the flight time and range of the UAV using the prognostic method, which is one of the heuristic methods, is discussed.
For this purpose, a fixed-wing UAV was used in this study to create the data set to be used in the prognostic methods. The UAV used in flights has a weight of 2.5 kg, a wingspan of 1.3 m, and a body length of 1 m. In addition, thanks to the control card used in the UAV, both manual and autonomous flights were made. The flight data of the UAV was transferred to the Ground Control Station (GGS) instantly.
As a result, data sets were obtained from manual and autonomous flights to be used in the prognostic method. By using these data sets, it will be possible to calculate the duration and range of the UAV in the future flights.
Vibration Damper Design and Additive Manufacturing for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Authors: Gök Kadir , Karagoz Görkem , Gök Arif
Published: June 2023

The main focus of this study revolves around the problem of vibrations in unmanned aerial vehicles and aims to propose solutions using different designs of vibration dampers. Specifically, the study identifies the sources of vibrations in a Single Rotor Rotary Wing (Monocopter) type UAV. To assess the damping performance of the designed dampers, vibration tests were conducted in a controlled setup. Based on the measurement results obtained at three different speed stages, a particular damper, referred to as G2S2, exhibited the highest damping performance. At the first speed stage, it achieved damping percentages of 66% for the X-axis, 77% for the Y-axis, and 84% for the Z-axis. At the second speed stage, the percentages increased to 81% for the X-axis, 84% for the Y-axis, and 97% for the Z-axis. Finally, at the third speed stage, the damper demonstrated damping percentages of 85% for the X-axis, 84% for the Y-axis, and 98% for the Z-axis. This study successfully developed an experimental setup for measuring vibrations during UAV flight, particularly focusing on unmanned aerial vehicles. Furthermore, among the vibration dampers produced using additive manufacturing techniques, the damper with the highest performance, namely G2S2, was selected. Considering the measurement results, G2S2 emerged as the most effective vibration damper. It is worth mentioning that this damper can also be tested in real flight scenarios in the future, building upon the outcomes achieved through the experimental setup.
Creating Tradition Through Interposition
Exploring the Foundation of the lakāra in the Tiṅanta Section of the Vaiyākaraṇasiddhāntakaumudī and the Prakriyākaumudī
Authors: Trivedi Mittal
Published: June 2023

As the progenitor of Navya Vyākaraṇa, the Vaiyākaraṇasiddhāntakaumudī by Bhaṭṭoji Dīkṣita is known for its prakriyā-based approach to Pāṇinian grammar. However, the Prakriyākaumudī by Rāmacandra Śeṣa has already established a precedent for a creative presentation of prakriyā. The present study aims to assess the innovation, structural integrity, and cohesiveness of these texts using the initial four sūtras of the tiṅanta section which develop the concept of the lakāra. The commentaries by Viṭṭhala and Jñānendra Sarasvati help to understand the progression of these concepts as the texts disseminated into the Sanskrit world.
Climate change risk perceptions, vulnerability, and adaptation in high altitude farming regions of Hindu Kush Himalaya
Authors: Asad Saeed Ahmad , Abid Muhammad , Ahmad Ishfaq , Thapa Gopal , Dendup Tashi
Published: June 2023

Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH) is highly vulnerable to climate change, but there is the least understanding of the impacts of climate change. This study explored local climate change risk perceptions, vulnerability, and adaptive responses in the three HKH countries, Pakistan, Nepal, and Bhutan. For this purpose, 379 farm households from low, medium, and high elevations in the study districts of Rasuwa in Nepal, Gilgit in Pakistan and the Central District in Bhutan were surveyed. A semi-structured digital survey was used for data collection. Further, the study used the IPCC climate vulnerability framework to explore the farm-level vulnerability to climate change in three HKH countries. The study revealed that farmers in the study areas strongly agreed that the climate was changing in the region with high summer temperatures and increasing frequency and intensity of weather-related extreme events. Increasing poverty and limited institutional services make farmers more vulnerable to climate risks. Farmers reported reduced agricultural productivity and decreased revenue caused by climate change. Crop yields at high altitudes were slightly higher, but only because of multiple cropping triggered by weather patterns. Lack of information, resources, and institutional support significantly hamper the farmers’ adaptive capacity. A small fraction of the farmers adopted improved crop varieties and land management. The study recommends improving outreach and institutional services, especially climate-specific farm advisory services in HKH countries.
Albanian national movement in 1878–1914 in the Balkan context: commonalities and differences
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Iskenderov Pyotr
Published: June 2023

The research is devoted to the Albanian national movement in 1878–1914. The author pays particular attention to its historical patterns that have a lot in common with the processes going on in other Balkan societies as well as the movement’s unique aspects. The research is based on the unpublished archive documents.
Foreign policy plans of the Montenegrin monarch Nikola at the turn of the 19th–20th centuries and Russian financial assistance
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Khlebnikova Varvara
Published: June 2023

The essay elucidates the views of the Montenegrin monarch Nikola Petrovich on the liberation of the Slavic peoples and how they changed over time. After the international recognition of Montenegro’s sovereignty, he managed to convince his main ally, the Russian Empire, that it was necessary to provide constant financial assistance to the development of the Montenegrin armed forces for final liberation of the Balkans from the Ottoman Empire, as well as to prevent the attempts to increase influence of the western European countries in this region. However, in fact, the Montenegrin elite pursued other goals and sought to expand their territorial possessions at the expense of neighboring states.
‘‘Goudi coup’’ and the ideology of the Serbian military elite
Authors:   Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University), Vishnyakov Yaroslav
Published: June 2023

The article, based on the documents of the Russian State Military Historical Archive and the Archive of the Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire, reveals the features of the political development of the Kingdom of Serbia after the toppling of the Obrenović dynasty on May 29, 1903. The conflict in the officer corps of the country and the significant interference of officers in politics became the determining factors in the state development of the country in 1903–1914. The author shows how the events on the Balkan Peninsula (the Annexation crisis of 1908–1909, the Goudi coup in Greece, the Young Turk Revolution) affected strengthening of the political role of the Serbian military elite in the state life of the country, leading to the formation of the officer organization ‘‘Unification or Death’’ (‘‘The Black Hand’’) in 1911, whose activities are connected with the Sarajevo assassination on June 15 (28), 1914.
National liberation movement in Macedonia as a factor in Great Britain’s Balkan Policy
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Aganson Olga
Published: June 2023

The paper examines Great Britain’s approach to the national liberation movement in Macedonia in early 20th century. The Macedonian question is put into a wider international context and it is stated that Britain’s interest in this local issue was caused by some revision of its Near-Eastern strategy which shaped direction of the Balkan policy. The prospective realignment of international system as an a result subjugation of the Ottoman empire, which was a multi-regional power with a function of geopolitical staple, as well as rising German influence pushed London to revise its attitude towards the rise of the national movement in European provinces of the Ottoman Empire. Special attention is drawn to the mechanism and methods of Britain’s Balkan policy during the Macedonian crisis of 1903.
From the history of post-war territorial settlement: the Bulgarian component of the ‘‘Greek question’’ in 1944–1946
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Volokitina Tatiana
Published: June 2023

The author analyzes the Bulgarian component of the so-called ‘‘Greek question’’ in the context of the territorial settlement after the Second World War. The attitudes of the Allied Powers to the ‘‘Greek question’’ are determined by the author and the discussions in the Council of Foreign Ministers and at the Paris Peace Conference in 1946 on the ownership of Western Thrace and the “strategic correction” of the Bulgarian-Greek border are highlighted as well.
On some aspects of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878: bulgarians and the detachment of Brigadier general Victor Dandeville (occupation of Etropole on November 12, 1877)
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Frolova Marina
Published: June 2023

Based on the published sources and memoirs of the Russian officers, participants in the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878, the study examines the actions of Brigadier general Victor Dandeville's detachment during the capture of the town of Etropole on November 12, 1877, as well as the assistance of the Bulgarian armed detachment of Georgy Antonov in lifting guns up the mountain at the Trinity Monastery. The author reveals the complexity of the relationship between Bulgarians and Russians and presents the reflections of the officers on the causes of this phenomenon. The fact that the information delivered by the Bulgarians was also carefully double-checked, since by November 1877 unconditional trust in the Bulgarians had disappeared. The inhabitants of the town of Etropole greeted Russian troops with joy and cordiality, which was surprising for the guards, since their fellow tribesmen in Danube Bulgaria were inhospitable.
Optimizing production scheduling with the Rat Swarm search algorithm: A novel approach to the flow shop problem for enhanced decision making
Authors:   Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Chouaib Doukkali University, EI Jadida, Morocco, Mzili Toufik , Mzili Ilyass ,   Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Management, Hassan First University, Settat, Morocco, Riffi Mohammed Essaid ,   Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Chouaib Doukkali University, EI Jadida, Morocco
Published: June 2023

The Rat Swarm Optimizer (RSO) algorithm is examined in this paper as a potential remedy for the flow shop issue in manufacturing systems. The flow shop problem involves allocating jobs to different machines or workstations in a certain order to reduce execution time or resource use. The objective function is used by the RSO method to optimize the results after mapping the rat locations to task-processing sequences. The RSO method successfully locates high-quality solutions to the flow shop problem when compared to other metaheuristic algorithms on diverse test situations. This research helps to improve the flexibility, lead times, quality, and efficiency of the production system. The paper introduces the RSO algorithm, creates a mapping strategy, redefines mathematical operators, suggests a method to enhance the quality of solutions, shows how successful the algorithm is through simulations and comparisons, and then uses statistical analysis to confirm the algorithm's performance.
Application of the R method in solving material handling equipment selection problems
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology, Sikkim Manipal University, Sikkim, India, Chatterjee Saikat , Chakraborty Shankar ,   Department of Production Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
Published: June 2023

In manufacturing industries, material handling equipment plays a vital role and is considered as one of the important pillars to increase production efficiency. Hence, the selection of appropriate material handling equipment for a specific task is well acknowledged, but the complexity of this selection process drastically increases with the rise in the number of alternative equipment available in the market and a set of conflicting evaluation criteria. To resolve this problem, several multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques have been proposed by past researchers. In this paper, the application potentiality of a newly developed MCDM technique, i.e. R method is explored while solving five material handling equipment selection problems, i.e. conveyor, automated guided vehicle (AGV), stacker, wheel loader and excavator. The derived ranking results are contrasted with other popular MCDM techniques to validate its potentiality in shortlisting the candidate alternatives from the best to the worst, which would ultimately help in improving the overall efficiency of the manufacturing processes.
A fuzzy interval based multi-criteria homogeneous group decision making technique: An application to airports ranking problem
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Haldia Institute of Technology, India, Bairagi Bipradas
Published: June 2023

This paper aims to develop and introduce a fuzzy Interval based Multi-criteria homogeneous Group Decision making technique (IMGD) to make appropriate decision under fuzzy environment. In fuzzy multi-criteria group decision making process, a group of decision makers often considers several subjective criteria for ranking a set of alternatives. Due to vague and imprecise information, decision makers generally utilize linguistic variables which are mandatorily converted into triangular or trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. The total process then becomes very complex and time consuming. The current investigation advocates fuzzy intervals instead of triangular or trapezoidal fuzzy numbers for simplification of the complex situation and ease of calculation. In this method, fuzzy intervals of performance ratings and weights assessed by homogeneous group decision makers under subjective criteria are converted into first mean fuzzy intervals then into normalized crisp numbers. The normalized crisp performance ratings and normalized crisp weights are combined together to determine initially individual contribution and then into aggregate contribution to each alternative for final ranking and selection of the alternative. The new model is demonstrated with an application to airports ranking and selection problem for better clarification and verification. The outcome of the proposed is validated with the results obtained by well-known existing MCDM techniques. The analysis shows that the proposed method is applicable, useful and effective for appropriate decision making under fuzzy MCDM environment.
Breast Ultrasound: A Valuable Adjunct to Mammography in Breast Cancer Screening
Authors: Niazi Ansab
Published: June 2023

Breast cancer is a significant health concern affecting women worldwide. Mammography has beenthe gold standard for breast cancer screening, enabling the early detection of lesions. However,mammography has limitations, particularly in dense breast tissue. This paper explores the role ofbreast ultrasound as a valuable adjunct to mammography in breast cancer screening. We examinethe benefits, limitations, and emerging trends in breast ultrasound technology. The findingshighlight the increased sensitivity of breast ultrasound in detecting additional cancers, particularlyin women with dense breast tissue. Furthermore, we discuss the integration of breast ultrasoundinto existing screening protocols, its impact on overall cancer detection rates, and the potential forimproved patient outcomes. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the role ofbreast ultrasound in breast cancer screening and emphasize its value in complementingmammography.
MEMAKSIMALKAN POTENSI INDUSTRI KOSMETIK HALAL INDONESIA MELALUI MARKET SIZE YANG TERSEDIA DI PASAR GLOBAL
Authors: Fitri Rati Saktia
Published: June 2023

Masyarakat global saat ini sedang mengalami pertumbuhan kesadaran tentang pentingnya menggunakan produk halal, salah satunya ialah kosmetik halal. Permintaan dan penawaran konsmetik halal di berbagai negara pun semakin meningkat. Beberapa peluang market size kosmetik halal global ialah negara-negara di Timur Tengah, Eropa, serta Asia Pasifik. Di Indonesia sendiri, saat ini telah ada belasan produsen kosmetik yang sudah mengantongi sertifikasi halal. Walaupun nilai ekspor kosmetik di Indonesia masih kecil, namun industri kosmetik adalah salah satu sektor indutri yang mempunyai laju pertumbuhan yang cukup cepat di Indonesia. Dengan demikian, produsen kosmetik halal Indonesia mempunyai potensi yang besar untuk mengeksplor produknya agar dapat memenuhi kebutuhan market size global tersebut. Maka penulis menawarkan suatu konsep intermediasi penjualan B2B e-commerce bagi setiap produsen kosmetik halal di Indonesia agar dapat memaksimalkan potensinya sekaligus memanfaatkan peluang market size yang tersedia di pasar global. Sistem tersebut dinamakan YourSide.comTujuan dari penulisan karya tulis ini adalah untuk memaparkan konsep B2B e-commerce yang akan diterapkan serta analisis business model canvas. Karya tulis ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif serta sumber data yang digunakan berasal dari sumber data sekunder. Hasil pembahasan karya tulis ini ialah YourSide.com merupakan bentuk aplikasi web dengan konsep B2B e-commerce yang mencoba memanfaatkan potensi pasar kosmetik halal global dengan potensi ketersediaan kosmetik halal di dalam negeri. YourSide.com bekerjasama dengan pihak supplier dari Indonesia untuk mengekspor produknya kepada buyer di negara-negara yang akan menjadi pangsa pasarnya. Beberapa manfaat dari fasilitas YourSide.com bagi kedua pihak ialah laba dan permintaan yang dihasilkan, strategi pemasaran dan promosi yang lebih fokus dalam skala kecil, hanya memerlukan jalur pemasaran yang lebih pendek dan cepat, proses negosiasi yang mudah, terjaminnya pemenuhan pasokan kosmetik halal secara efisien, meningkatkan nilai perusahaan, pelayanan konsumen (customer service) yang lebih mudah serta terminimalisirnya penanganan masalah pendistribusian.
Continuous Hopfield dynamics of semantic vector-based activation patterns predict variations of priming effects over items
Authors: Gladwin Thomas Edward
Published: June 2023

Computational model-based semantic vectors, or word embeddings, provide a measurement of relationships between words. Semantic vectors could be combined with continuous Hopfield networks in an analogy of distributed representational models to further connect such relationships to a model of a cognitive process. The current study tested relationships between reaction time data and Hopfield network dynamics. Analyses were performed using publicly available data from a lexical decision task, made available by the Semantic Priming Project. The dataset allowed differentiation of trials with related versus unrelated primes and targets and short and long stimulus onset asynchronies. Semantic similarities were taken from a pretrained word2vec model. Analyses were performed separately at the participant level, over their trial data and associated words: the mean energy change was calculated over the words in different conditions and reaction times were regressed onto changes in Hopfield energy on a trial-to-trial basis. Group-level statistics were performed on the per-participant measures to test whether coefficients significantly differed from zero and whether there were effects of the task factors. Hypothesized relationships between prime-target relatedness and energy as well as within-subject associations with reaction time were found. The results thus support and update distributed representation models of priming and the use of similar computational models to study psychological processes.
Short Updates- Machine Learning Based News Summarizer
Authors: Dangol Raksha , Adhikari Prashna , Dahal Pranjal , Sharma Hrizu
Published: June 2023

Automated Text Summarization is becoming important due to the vast amount of data being generated. Manual processing of documents is tedious, mostly due to the absence of standards. Therefore, there is a need for a mechanism to reduce text size, structure it, and make it readable for users. Natural Language Processing (NLP) is critical for analyzing large amounts of unstructured, text-heavy data. This project aims to address concerns with extractive and abstractive text summarization by introducing a new neural network model that deals with repetitive and incoherent phrases in longer documents. The model incorporates a novel Seq2Seq architecture that enhances the standard attentional model with an intra-attention mechanism. Additionally, a new training method that combines supervised word prediction and reinforcement learning is employed. The model utilizes a hybrid pointer-generator network, which distinguishes it from the standard encoder-decoder model. This approach produces higher quality summaries than existing models.
Career Guidance System Using Machine Learning
Authors: Panthee Subiddhya , Rajkarnikar Sudikshya , Begum Rabiya
Published: June 2023

Career Guidance System is important for students going through academic and pursuing courses to access their capabilities and identify their interests. This paper mainly concentrates on career guidance through personality prediction. It helps them decide which job role suits the best based on their performance and other evaluations. The system will predict the Big Five personality, and VAK learning type of the users through data collected from web-based questionnaires. The system recommends different career choices based on their answers. Machine learning algorithms will be used to check the performance of the system and validate the result.
Variation in needle anatomy of scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) populations according to habitat and altitudinal zones in Türkiye
Authors: Ergül Bozkurt Arzu , Coşkunçelebi Kamil , Terziog˘lu Salih
Published: June 2023

In this study, eight Scots pine populations from Turkiye were studied to explore the influence of different habitats and altitudinal zones on the needle anatomical traits. A total of 496 needles belonging to 64 individuals were examined using light microscopy with the aim to score variability of sixteen needle anatomical traits. Variance analysis showed significant differences in needle thickness, needle width, resin canal number, resin canal diameter, central cylinder width, central cylinder thickness, endodermis cell number, endodermis width and endodermis thickness of eight populations depending on habitat zones. However, only resin canal diameter, endodermis width and endodermis thickness differ significantly in examined populations depending on altitudinal gradients. Cluster analysis showed the greatest similarities between the Bolu-Aladağ and Ardahan-Yalnızçam populations, and the most distinguishable population was the Giresun-Espiye population based on the anatomical characteristics of the needles. Although principal component analysis showed that needle width, central cylinder width, needle thickness, and central cylinder thickness had the greatest influence on the delimitation of Scots pine populations distributed in Turkiye, discrimination analysis did not separate the examined populations depending on the anatomical characteristics of the needles.
3D Printing of Ceramics: Processes and Constraints
Authors: Cesarano Joe , Stuecker John , Calvert Paul
Published: June 2023

Techniques for the 3D printing of ceramics are evolving beyond product development and prototypes to enable full production-scale operations. This article gives examples of available methods and tradeoffs that must be addressed in developing 3D printing systems for ceramics.
Process Defects in Metal Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Thompson Scott M. , Crane Nathan B.
Published: June 2023

This article presents a general understanding of causes and possible solutions for defects in the most common metal additive manufacturing (AM) processes: laser powder-bed fusion (L-PBF), laser directed-energy deposition (DED-L), and binder jetting (BJ).
Sistematização de comportamentos intermediários do empatizar: revisão e proposta de uma sequência para o ensino
Authors: Eiterer Patricia , Kienen Nádia , Souza Silvia Regina
Published: June 2023

Em razão da importância da classe Empatizar e das divergências encontradas na literatura, Vettorazzi et al. (2005) conduziram uma pesquisa a fim de sistematizar os comportamentos intermediários dessa classe. Contudo, considerando que essa sistematização foi desenvolvida mediante a demanda de um caso específico e que ainda há lacunas em relação aos comportamentos intermediários do empatizar, objetivou-se rever essa sistematização para reformulação e/ou inserção de comportamentos intermediários do empatizar de modo a adequá-lo a um público-alvo mais amplo. Objetivou-se também propor um sequenciamento para ensino dos comportamentos intermediários do empatizar. Como resultado, elaborou-se um novo diagrama de decomposição com 46 comportamentos intermediários, e uma tabela de sequenciamento desses comportamentos distribuídos em seis unidades de ensino. Isso representa um avanço no sentido de elaborar programas analítico-comportamentais para ensino do comportamento empatizar e poderá embasar o desenvolvimento de programas para diferentes públicos-alvo.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL CERITA BERDASARKAN KEMAMPUAN MATEMATIKA SISWA
Authors: Afifah Risa Nur , Oktaviya Ulfa , Qoriroh Rifdatul , Wahyuni Indah Wahyuni
Published: June 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganlisis kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita materi segiempat pada mata pelajaran matematika. Penulis menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif, dengan mengambil subjek penelitian sebanyak lima siswa kelas VIII di sebuah SMP yang terletak di kecamatan Balung, Kabupaten Jember. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan tiga metode triangulasi, yaitu tes kemampuan berpikir kritis, observasi, dan wawancara. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis dengan cara mengurangi data yang tidak relevan, menyajikan hasil secara sistematis, dan menarik kesimpulan dari temuan yang telah diteliti oleh penulis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa masih rendah dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita dengan level High Order Thinking Skill (HOTS). Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa siswa masih memiliki kemampuan matematika yang rendah dalam aspek berpikir kritis, di mana ada empat indikator berpikir kritis, yakni mampu merumuskan pokok permasalahan, mampu menuliskan fakta, mampu mengerjakan soal dengan jawaban yang logis, serta mampu mengecek ulang jawaban yang telah dibuat.
Carbocysteine Influence on Cough Severity and Local Mucosal Immunity in Acute Respiratory Viral Infections in Children
Authors:   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Geppe N.A. ,   Moscow, Russian Federation, Velikoretskaya M.D. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Moscow, Russian Federation, Ozerskaya I.V. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Moscow, Russian Federation, Kozhevnikova T.N. ,   Tula State University; Tula, Russian Federation, Faizullina R.M. ,   Bashkir State Medical University; Ufa, Russian Federation, Shatalina S.I. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Moscow, Russian Federation, Ziskina N.K. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Moscow, Russian Federation, Siderko E.A. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

Aim: To evaluate the effect of carbocysteine on cough and the level of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) in saliva in children with acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) and the presence of a correlation between the level of sIgA in saliva and the total cough index. Design: Multicentre observational study. Materials and methods. 156 children older than 2 years (4.4 ± 1.2 years) with ARVI were included in the study. All patients received carbocysteine at the age dosage. The total cough index and the concentration of sIgA in saliva were measured on days 1–2 and on days 7–10 from the onset of ARVI. Results. The total cough index significantly decreased in 98.7% of patients by the 7–10th day of illness. The level of sIgA in saliva was initially 26.49 (8.94; 56.51) μg/ml, in dynamics — 30.07 (8.52; 60.40) μg/ml (no significant differences were found). An increase in the level of sIgA in dynamics was noted in 43.6% of patients, and in the vast majority of them the increase was significant — 20% or more. A decrease in the concentration of sIgA in dynamics was noted in 55.8% of patients. A significant correlation was found between sIgA concentrations in saliva at the first and second visits (p < 0,001). There was no significant correlation between the total cough index and sIgA levels. Conclusion. A significant positive dynamic of cough was noted in patients with ARVI during treatment with carbocysteine. The concentration of sIgA in saliva varies within a wide range. A multidirectional change in the level of sIgA in saliva over time was noted in children with ARVI. Further study of the mechanisms of local mucosal immunity can help in the development of new approaches to the treatment and prevention of ARVI. Keywords: carbocysteine, secretory immunoglobulin A in saliva, acute respiratory viral infections in children, cough, mucosal immunity.
Psychological Features of Mothers of Premature and Full-term Babies
Authors:   Yerevan State Medical University named after Mkhitar Heratsi, Arustamyan M.A. ,   Yerevan, Armenia, Avetisyan L.R. ,   Yerevan State Medical University named after Mkhitar Heratsi; Yerevan, Armenia, Kotanyan A.О. ,   Yerevan State Medical University named after Mkhitar Heratsi; Yerevan, Armenia, Ohanyan M.R. ,   Yerevan State Medical University named after Mkhitar Heratsi; Yerevan, Armenia, Mardiyan M.A. ,   Yerevan State Medical University named after Mkhitar Heratsi; Yerevan, Armenia, Chopikyan A.S. ,   Yerevan State Medical University named after Mkhitar Heratsi; Yerevan, Armenia
Published: June 2023

Aim: To evaluate the psychological peculiarities of mothers of preterm and term birth infants, and their attitude to breastfeeding before and after childbirth. Design: Observational study. Materials and methods. The subjects of the research were a pregnant woman at 12-week gestation randomly selected from 5 maternity hospitals in Yerevan. 268 pregnant women were eligible for inclusion in this observational study and created a total group. After birth, mothers were divided into groups of full-term (n = 239) and premature (n = 29) babies. We analysed baseline demographics, health information of the mother, history of pregnancy and delivery, as well as health information of babies. We assessed the presence of depressive symptoms with a Beck Depression Inventory and situational and individual anxiety levels with the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Results. Assessment of the psychological status demonstrated a high level of state anxiety: 26.7 ± 1.4 and 45.8 ± 1.5 points in mothers of full-term and premature babies, respectively; in mothers of premature babies, the value was significantly higher (р < 0.05). Personal anxiety was relatively inert, there were no significant differences between the groups (p > 0.05). Depressive symptoms were also more pronounced in preterm mothers (moderate depression) than in term birth mothers (mild mood disturbance): 22.5 ± 0.8 points vs. 11.4 ± 0.9 points (p < 0.01). The majority of women (68.3%) who had preterm delivery had a high level of state anxiety (р < 0.01 vs. mothers of full-term babies). Women who were ready to breastfeed longer after the baby is born had more marked signs of depression. In mothers full-term and premature babies, the attitude to breastfeeding before delivery demonstrated direct correlation with the level of depression on Beck depression inventory (r = 0.75, p = 0.02 and r = 0.68, p < 0.01, respectively). The degree of state anxiety in mothers of premature babies correlated with hospitalisation duration (r = 0.9, p = 0.008). Conclusions. Mothers of preterm infants need psychological care based on high level of situational anxiety and depressive symptoms. Breastfeeding is a good biological tool for improved interaction of the mother with her baby; it boosts psychological comfort and reduces anxiety and depression. Keywords: preterm birth, anxiety, depression, mother-infant interaction.
Telemedicine Consultations in Pediatrics — the Structure and Analysis
Authors:   National Medical Research Center for Children's Health, Tatochenko V.K. ,   Moscow, Russian Federation, Bakradze M.D. ,   National Medical Research Center for Children's Health; Moscow, Russian Federation, Vershinin G.S. ,   National Medical Research Center for Children's Health; Moscow, Russian Federation, Babayan A.R. ,   National Medical Research Center for Children's Health; Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

Aim: To analyze the content of requests for telemedicine consultations (TMC), received by the National Medical Research Center for Children's Health, and suggest possible steps to perfect it. Design: Retrospective study. Material and methods. We analyzed the content of 167 TMC requests for patients with “general pediatric profile” received in 2021 and 2022. Results. Among requests for TMC the majority (43.1%) were for “non-explainable” fever in adolescents 9–17 years of age — with clear signs of a fictitious fever. Similar number of requests were for children with a low grade fever (37,0–37,5°C) that had been vainly investigated to find out the disease causing it. Of 4 children with Kawasaki syndrome only in one it had been suspected at the late stage. Requests for respiratory disease (37.1%) were mostly for their chronic forms. Pediatricians seem not to be conversant with chronic food aspiration syndromes’ diagnosis and management, including that in patient with neurologic conditions. Rare disease and/or unusual symptoms, as well as management of problem patients with known disease were less often the subject of TMC (12 и 7.8% respectively). Conclusion. We could state that pediatric hospitals have extensive diagnostic potential — except bacteriology that has to be upgrade. At the same time there is a tendency of pediatricians to conduct in problem cases multiple non-directional analyses and investigations, incorrectly interpret their results, as well as voluntarily formulate diagnoses. There is a need to do away with excessive and non-recommended use of antibiotics, IV infusion of “desintoxication” solutions, as well as polypharmacy. For the improvement of TMC it seems important to foresee the inclusion into TMS requests data on the disease progression as well as on the dynamics of relevant clinical and paraclinical parameters; the results of analyses and instrumental investigations should be put into addendum. There should be a feedback mechanism — a response to TMC with an appraisal of its effectivity. Keywords: telemedicine, telemedicine consultations in pediatrics.
Breast Milk Oligosaccharides: Their Role in Immune Reactions and Potential Role in Allergy Prevention
Authors:   Fantasy Children’s Clinic, Mukhametova E.M. ,   Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

Aim: To describe the known and expected effects of breast milk oligosaccharides (BMOs) on immune system modulation and allergy prevention; to present results of the studies of medicated formulas with the addition of a combination of two BMOs in babies with cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA). Key Points. The period of infancy is a window of opportunities for allergy prevention. Breast milk contains immune system modulating components, including BMOs, which protect an infant during this critical period. Recently, a number of BMO impacts over immune system maturity have been found, including their ability to modulate microbiota composition, to enhance expression of short-chain fatty acids, to directly bind to pathogenic agents, and to interact with intestinal epithelium and immune cells. In addition, it is assumed that BMOs can be used for prevention of paediatric allergies. Conclusion. BMOs have a significant contribution to the positive effect of breast milk over a child; they ensure healthy microbial colonization of intestines, inflammation inhibition, immune protection, and intestinal barrier maturity. Currently BMOs are considered one of the most important bioactive components of breast milk, since they act both as antimicrobials, antiviral agents and modulators of intestinal epithelial cells, as specific prebiotics, intestinal microbiota effectors and immunomodulating factors. Nevertheless, additional studies of the effect of some BMOs and their combinations on clearly defined clinical and immune outcomes are required, including tolerance and therapeutic potential in CMPA. Keywords: breast milk oligosaccharides, children, food allergy, cow's milk protein allergy, immunity, tolerance.
Експортний потенціал молочної галузі України
Authors:   Державний торговельно-економічний університет, БУДЗЯК Василь , БУДЗЯК Ольга ,   Київський національний університет ім. Т. Г. Шевченка
Published: June 2023

Вступ. В умовах російської агресії сіль­ськогосподарське виробництво стало про­відним джерелом надходження валюти для держави. Проблема. Достатньо стійким показало себе не лише рослинництво, але й тварин­ництво, особливо молочного напряму. Зняття Європейським Союзом квот на ввезення українського молока та молочної продукції дало змогу вітчизняній молочній промисло­вості суттєво наростити обсяги власного екс­порту. Відтак, важливо не лише втримати нинішній рівень експорту молока і молочної продукції, але й суттєво його збільшити, використавши наявний потенціал. Метою статті є аналіз сучасного рівня й основних чинників, що впливають на екс­порт з України молока, а також обґрунту­вання найсприятливіших напрямів збільшення його обсягів в умовах військової агресії росії. Методи. Використано загальнонаукові методи дослідження: системний і комплекс­ний аналіз, синтез, абстрагування. Результати дослідження. Обсяги сучас­ного вітчизняного виробництва молочної про­дукції забезпечують внутрішні потреби насе­лення, а тому є можливість збільшити екс­порт цієї продукції. Сприяє подальшому наро­щуванню експортних можливостей молочної промисловості постійне зростання продук­тивності корів. У довоєнний період вітчизня­ний експорт характеризувався переважанням його спрямування до Європей­ського Союзу та рівномірним розподілом між іншими регіонами. Натомість у воєнний 2022 рік спостерігалося не лише абсолютне доміну­вання експорту до ЄС, але й суттєве його зменшення до інших регіонів світу. Втім, попри високі показники продуктивності корів у країнах ЄС, рівень забезпеченості молоком та молочною продукцією в біль­шості країн є недостатнім. Це зумовлено значним скороченням поголів’я корів та зростанням попиту на молочну продукцію. Висновки. Україна має чималий експорт­ний потенціал молока та молочної продук­ції. Найбільш перспективним є нарощення експорту цієї продукції до країн ЄС. При цьому суттєво збільшити обсяги експорту молочної продукції вітчизняні виробники можуть до країн Південної Європи, а сирого молока – Західної Європи. Перспективни­ми також залишаються і ринки країн Азії й Африки.
Цінові тренди творів живопису в 2012–2022 рр.
Authors:   Державний торговельно-економічний університет, ІНДУТНИЙ Володимир , МЕРЕЖКО Ніна , ПІРКОВІЧ Катерина ,   Державний торговельно-економічний університет
Published: June 2023

Вступ. Практика оціночної діяльності у сфері вивчення пам’яток культури впро­довж тривалого часу дає змогу виявити та предметно описати актуальні зміни пара­мет­рів ринку для окремих видів товарів і проана­лі­зувати їхні причини. Проблема. Особливе значення резуль­тати вивчення вартісних показників на ринку живопису мають для робіт, пов’язаних з оцін­кою збитків, нанесених Україні внаслідок агресії росії, а також є корисними для учас­ників аукціонів, колекціонерів, музейних пра­цівників, дослідників ринків і судових експертів. Метою статті є встановлення причин динаміки вартості творів живопису на ринку за 2012–2022 рр. для вирішення оціночних та експертних завдань. Методи. Представлено результати сис­те­матичного аналізу станів ринку, який здійснювався раз або двічі на рік у період 2012–2022 рр. Вихідні дані формувалися на основі вивчення інформації щодо вистав­лених на продаж творів живопису на аук­ціонах Violiti.com, Arts.in.ua, Olx.ua. Результати дослідження. Представлено результати вивчення змін вартісних показ­ників на ринку живопису у 2012–2022 рр. та висловлено авторські припущення щодо їхніх причин – війна росії проти України, зміни активності потенційних покупців та їхніх фінансових можливостей. Детально описано алгоритм одного з найбільш раціо­нальних та універсальних способів прове­дення аналізу ринку антикварних товарів. Висновки. Вартісні показники на твори живопису залежать від стану соціально-куль­турного й економічного середовища, зокрема фінансових можливостей потенційних покупців. Ринкові показники вартості на твори живо­пису на українському ринку у 2023–2024 рр. матимуть стійку тенденцію до падіння. При визначенні страхових сум до про­гно­зованих вартісних показників слід дода­вати втрати, пов’язані з накладними видатками. Аналіз ринку творів живопису умож­ливлює з’ясувати перелік найбільш рейтин­гових авторів та популярних стилів і жанрів. Доцільно й надалі здійснювати моніто­ринг вартісних показників на твори живо­пису, виставлені на продаж, для виявлення тенденцій розвитку ринку.
Вологоміцність та водонепроникність паперових пакувальних матеріалів
Authors:   Державний торговельно-економічний університет, ОСИКА Віктор , КОМАХА Ольга ,   Державний торговельно-економічний університет, КОМАХА Володимир ,   Державний торговельно-економічний університет
Published: June 2023

Вступ. Поліамідамінепіхлоргідрин (ПААЕХ) є одним із найбільш часто використову­ва­них агентів надання міцності паперу у воло­гому стані. Проблема. Вологоміцність та водонепро­никність паперового пакувального матеріалу визначається сукупністю властивостей нане­сеного складу, а також способом його нане­сення. Мета дослідження – формування бар’єр­них властивостей паперових пакувальних матеріалів, одержаних обробленням паперу-основи складами на основі поліамідаміне­піхлоргідрину. Методи. До паперу-основи застосовували поверх­неве оброблення композиціями з вико­ристанням водних розчинів ПААЕХ, поліві­нілового спирту (ПВС) та карбаміду, потім папір висушували, витримували 10 діб і під­давали випробуванням. Результати дослідження. Досліджено вплив концентрації розчину ПААЕХ на меха­нічні властивості, а також поверхневу вбирність, водопроникність та повітропро­никність паперу. Витрата ПААЕХ до 4–6 % забезпечує основ­ний приріст міцнісних власти­востей пакуваль­ного паперу як у вологому, так і в сухому станах. У вологому стані руйнівне зусилля паперу при використанні розчину ПААЕХ з концентрацією 6 мас. % зростає у 4.4–4.8 раза. Застосування ПААЕХ дає змогу значно підвищити водонепроникність паперу. Опір проникненню води для досліджуваних зразків паперу зростає з 48–73 с до 1800–2170 с. Оброб­лення паперу розчином ПААЕХ в композиції з карбамідом уможливлює отримати матеріал із вищим опором проникненню води. Сумісне використання ПААЕХ та ПВС дає можливість керовано регулювати повітро­проникність паперу. Використання при оброб­ленні паперу розчину, що містить 6–8 мас. % ПААЕХ та 4–6 мас. % ПВС, допомагає забез­печити необхідний рівень повітропроникності для широкого асортименту паперових паку­валь­них матеріалів для вологовмісної продукції. Висновки. Запропоновано та доведено ефективність застосування ПААЕХ сумісно з кар­бамідом і ПВС для формування бар’єр­них та захисних властивостей паперових пакувальних матеріалів. Встановлено, що вит­рата ПААЕХ до 4 % забезпечує основний приріст міцності пакувального паперу як у вологому, так і в сухому стані.