bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A New Error Compensation Method for Delta Robots Combining Geometric Error Modeling With Spatial Interpolating
Authors: Ma Jianwei , Shen Yabin , Zhang Shumei , Yan Huiteng , Jia Zhenyuan
Published: July 2023

Robots are playing an important role in precision manufacturing and automated inspection, which places higher demands on the positioning accuracy. The Delta robot is the most widely used parallel robot with high speed and small cumulative error. In this way, improving the positioning accuracy of the Delta robot can expand its application scenarios. According to the parameter mapping relationship, the position error can be divided into geometric error and non-geometric error. Considering the influence of the orientation errors on the actual position of the robot end, an error model to recognize the geometric error is established, and the parameter identification is performed based on an iterative approach. For the non-geometric error, the 3D annular sector grid division method and the interpolation rule are established based on the error similarity. And then, a new error compensation method for Delta robots is proposed by combining geometric error modeling with spatial interpolating. After compensation, the positioning accuracy of the Delta robot is improved significantly. The maximum absolute positioning error of the robot is reduced by 86.08% from 2.084 mm to 0.290 mm, the average absolute positioning error of the robot is reduced by 81.77% from 0.790 mm to 0.144 mm, and the error trend in the workspace is eliminated, so as to enable the expansion of Delta robot applications.
Continuum Damage Mechanics Modeling of High-Temperature Flaw Propagation: Application to Creep Crack Growth in 316H Standardized Specimens and Nuclear Reactor Components
Authors: Recuero Antonio M. , Petkov Markian , Spencer Benjamin W. , Juan Pierre-Alexandre
Published: July 2023

Predicting creep crack growth (CCG) of flaws found during operation in high-temperature alloy components is essential for assessing the remaining lifetime of those components. While defect assessment procedures are available for this purpose in design codes, these are limited in their range of applicability. This study assesses the application of a local damage-based finite element methodology as a more general technique for the prediction of CCG at high temperatures on a variety of structural configurations. Numerical results for stainless steel 316H, which are validated against experimental data, show the promise of this approach. This integration of continuum damage mechanics (CDM) based methodologies, together with adequate inelastic models; into assessment procedures can therefore inform the characterization of CCG under complex operating conditions while avoiding excessive conservatism. This article shows that such modeling frameworks can be calibrated to experimental data and used to demonstrate that the degree of triaxiality ahead of a growing creep crack affects its rate of growth. The framework is also successfully employed in characterizing CCG in realistic reactor pressure vessel geometry under an arbitrary loading condition. These results are particularly relevant to the nuclear power industry for defect assessment and inspections as part of codified practices of structural components with flaws in high-temperature reactors.
Variational Bayesian Calibration of a PTW Material Strength Model for OFHC Copper
Authors: Andrews Stephen A. , Wilson Brandon M.
Published: July 2023

The strength of materials at high strain rates is a challenging problem for model development and calibration. Such models can span a regime in strain rate from 1 × 10−3 s−1 to 1 × 1012 s−1 and a regime in temperature of 0K to up to the material’s melting temperature. The limits of these regimes can be difficult and expensive to access experimentally. There is interest in understanding how well calibrations made at moderate strain rates and temperature can perform when applied to more extreme regimes. Variational Bayesian techniques have been shown to be computationally inexpensive methods to both calibrate a model and understand the uncertainties in model parameters. This investigation will calibrate the parameters of a Peston-Tonks-Wallace (PTW) material strength model to low and moderate strain rate experiments from quasi-static, and Hopkinson bar experiments performed on fully annealed Oxygen Free High Conductivity (OFHC) copper. Bayesian methods will be used to quantify the correlated uncertainty in these parameters. These uncertainties will propagated forward to a simulation of a Richtmyer-Meshkov instability experiment which exercise a higher strain rate regime. The effects of the model uncertainties on the predictive ability of the simulation will be observed. This will demonstrate a strategy for Bayesian model calibration and uncertainty quantification for parametric models with applications to physics processes outside high strain rate plastic deformation.
Room temperature magnetron sputtering and laser annealing of ultrathin amorphous sulfur-rich MoSx films
Authors: Gellerup Spencer , Arnold Corey L. , Muratore Christopher , Glavin Nicholas R. , Shepherd Nigel D. , Voevodin Andrey A.
Published: July 2023

Room temperature magnetron sputtering of an ultra-thin transition-metal dichalcogenide amorphous precursor and subsequent laser annealing-induced phase transformations were investigated for the synthesis of polycrystalline 2H-MoS2 semiconducting thin films. Radio frequency magnetron sputtering of a MoS3.6 target was used to produce amorphous precursors with S to Mo ratios greater than 2:1 on thermally annealed SiO2 substrates, glass, indium tin oxide coated glass, and amorphous boron-oxy-nitride. The influence of working pressure on the MoS2 and MoS3 interatomic bonding arrangements in amorphous MoSx films was explored with x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. A 248 nm pulsed laser was used for annealing 1 cm2 sized areas of the amorphous precursor in an ambient atmosphere at fluences of 100–450 mJ for 1, 5, and 10 pulses to form a crystalline 2H-MoS2 phase. The role of laser fluence and substrate choice on phase transformation from the amorphous precursor to the 2H phase, as well as the competition between oxidation, elemental sulfur segregation, and ablation is discussed. Hall effect measurements confirmed p-type behavior of the produced semiconducting films and established mobility and charge carrier density characteristics of the laser-annealed films. The feasibility of scalable processing by combining sputtering from sulfur-rich targets and laser annealing for production of p-type 2H-MoS2 ultrathin films on various substrates is presented.
Two Satellite Gene Clusters Enhance Ergot Alkaloid Biosynthesis Capacity of Aspergillus
leporis
Authors: Davis Kyle A. , Jones Abigail M. , Panaccione Daniel G.
Published: July 2023

Ergot alkaloids are chemicals produced by several species of fungi and are notable for their impacts on agriculture and medicine. The ability to make ergot alkaloids is typically encoded by a clustered set of genes that are physically adjacent on a chromosome.
Hit ‘em Where It Hurts: Gram-Negative Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide as a Vaccine Target
Authors: Cross Alan S.
Published: July 2023

Infections with antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria pose an increasing threat to the ability to perform surgical procedures, organ transplantation, and treat cancer among many other medical conditions. There are few new antimicrobials in the development pipeline.
Draft Genome Sequence of Streptomyces moderatus DT446, Isolated from Root Nodules of Casuarina cunninghamiana
Authors: Thirugnanam Thirumagal , Dharumadurai Dhanasekaran , Babalola Olubukola Oluranti
Published: July 2023

A putative plant growth-promoting endophytic
Streptomyces moderatus
strain, DT446, was isolated from the root nodules of
Casuarina cunninghamiana
in Tamil Nadu, India. We report a draft genome sequence for
S. moderatus
DT446, with 8,168,245 bp and a GC content of 70.9%.
The two-component system expression patterns and immune regulatory mechanism of
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
with different genotypes at the early stage of infection in THP-1 cells
Authors: Meng Yuan-Yuan , Peng Jun-Hui , Qian Jiang , Fei Fu-Lin , Guo Ying-Ying , Pan Ying-Jie , Zhao Yong , Liu Hai-Quan
Published: July 2023

Vibrio parahaemolyticus
must endure various challenging circumstances while being swallowed by phagocytes of the innate immune system. Moreover, bacteria should recognize and react to environmental signals quickly in host cells. Two-component system (TCS) is an important way for bacteria to perceive external environmental signals and transmit them to the interior to trigger the associated regulatory mechanism. However, the regulatory function of
V. parahaemolyticus
TCS in innate immune cells is unclear. Here, the expression patterns of TCS in
V. parahaemolyticus
-infected THP-1 cell-derived macrophages at the early stage were studied for the first time. Based on protein-protein interaction network analysis, we mined and analyzed seven critical TCS genes with excellent research value in the
V. parahaemolyticus
regulating macrophages, as shown below. VP1503, VP1502, VPA0021, and VPA0182 could regulate the ATP-binding-cassette (ABC) transport system. VP1735, uvrY, and peuR might interact with thermostable hemolysin proteins, DNA cleavage-related proteins, and TonB-dependent siderophore enterobactin receptor, respectively, which may assist
V. parahaemolyticus
in infected macrophages. Subsequently, the potential immune escape pathways of
V. parahaemolyticus
regulating macrophages were explored by RNA-seq. The results showed that
V. parahaemolyticus
might infect macrophages by controlling apoptosis, actin cytoskeleton, and cytokines. In addition, we found that the TCS (peuS/R) could enhance the toxicity of
V. parahaemolyticus
to macrophages and might contribute to the activation of macrophage apoptosis.

IMPORTANCE

This study could offer crucial new insights into the pathogenicity of
V. parahaemolyticus
without
tdh
and
trh
genes. In addition, we also provided a novel direction of inquiry into the pathogenic mechanism of
V. parahaemolyticus
and suggested several TCS key genes that may assist
V. parahaemolyticus
in innate immune regulation and interaction.
A deep learning method for predicting the minimum inhibitory concentration of antimicrobial peptides against
Escherichia coli
using Multi-Branch-CNN and Attention
Authors: Yan Jielu , Zhang Bob , Zhou Mingliang , Campbell-Valois François-Xavier , Siu Shirley W. I.
Published: July 2023

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a promising alternative to antibiotics to combat drug resistance in pathogenic bacteria. However, the development of AMPs with high potency and specificity remains a challenge, and new tools to evaluate antimicrobial activity are needed to accelerate the discovery process. Therefore, we proposed MBC-Attention, a combination of a multi-branch convolution neural network architecture and attention mechanisms to predict the experimental minimum inhibitory concentration of peptides against
Escherichia coli
. The optimal MBC-Attention model achieved an average Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) of 0.775 and a root mean squared error (RMSE) of 0.533 (log μM) in three independent tests of randomly drawn sequences from the data set. This results in a 5–12% improvement in PCC and a 6–13% improvement in RMSE compared to 17 traditional machine learning models and 2 optimally tuned models using random forest and support vector machine. Ablation studies confirmed that the two proposed attention mechanisms, global attention and local attention, contributed largely to performance improvement.

IMPORTANCE

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are potential candidates for replacing conventional antibiotics to combat drug resistance in pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of AMPs quantitatively. However, wet-lab experiments are labor-intensive and time-consuming. To accelerate the evaluation process, we develop a deep learning method called MBC-Attention to regress the experimental minimum inhibitory concentration of AMPs against
Escherichia coli
. The proposed model outperforms traditional machine learning methods. Data, scripts to reproduce experiments, and the final production models are available on GitHub.
Paired associated SARS-CoV-2 spike variable positions: a network analysis approach to emerging variants
Authors: Manoussopoulos Yiannis , Anastassopoulou Cleo , Ioannidis John P. A. , Tsakris Athanasios
Published: July 2023

Amino acids in variable positions of proteins may be correlated, with potential structural and functional implications. Here, we apply exact tests of independence in R × C contingency tables to examine noise-free associations between variable positions of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, using as a paradigm sequences from Greece deposited in GISAID (
N
= 6,683/1,078 full length) for the period 29 February 2020 to 26 April 2021 that essentially covers the first three pandemic waves. We examine the fate and complexity of these associations by network analysis, using associated positions (exact
P
≤ 0.001 and Average Product Correction ≥ 2) as links and the corresponding positions as nodes. We found a temporal linear increase of positional differences and a gradual expansion of the number of position associations over time, represented by a temporally evolving intricate web, resulting in a non-random complex network of 69 nodes and 252 links. Overconnected nodes corresponded to the most adapted variant positions in the population, suggesting a direct relation between network degree and position functional importance. Modular analysis revealed 25
k
-cliques comprising 3 to 11 nodes. At different
k
-clique resolutions, one to four communities were formed, capturing epistatic associations of circulating variants (Alpha, Beta, B.1.1.318), but also Delta, which dominated the evolutionary landscape later in the pandemic. Cliques of aminoacidic positional associations tended to occur in single sequences, enabling the recognition of epistatic positions in real-world virus populations. Our findings provide a novel way of understanding epistatic relationships in viral proteins with potential applications in the design of virus control procedures.

IMPORTANCE

Paired positional associations of adapted amino acids in virus proteins may provide new insights for understanding virus evolution and variant formation. We investigated potential intramolecular relationships between variable SARS-CoV-2 spike positions by exact tests of independence in R × C contingency tables, having applied Average Product Correction (APC) to eliminate background noise. Associated positions (exact
P
≤ 0.001 and APC ≥ 2) formed a non-random, epistatic network of 25 cliques and 1–4 communities at different clique resolutions, revealing evolutionary ties between variable positions of circulating variants and a predictive potential of previously unknown network positions. Cliques of different sizes represented theoretical combinations of changing residues in sequence space, allowing the identification of significant aminoacidic combinations in single sequences of real-world populations. Our analytic approach that links network structural aspects to mutational aminoacidic combinations in the spike sequence population offers a novel way to understand virus epidemiology and evolution.
Challenger Deep basalts reveal Indian-type Early Cretaceous oceanic crust subducting in the southernmost Mariana Trench
Authors: Xu Wenjing , Peng Xiaotong , Stern Robert J. , Xu Xisheng , Xu Hengchao
Published: July 2023

Why the Challenger Deep, the deepest point on Earth’s solid surface, is so deep is unclear, but part of the reason must be the age and density of the downgoing plate. Northwest Pacific oceanic crust subducting in the Izu-Bonin-Mariana Trench is Cretaceous and Jurassic, but the age and nature of Pacific oceanic crust subducting in the southernmost Mariana Trench remains unknown. Here we present the first study of seafloor basalts recovered by the full-ocean-depth crewed submersible Fendouzhe from the deepest seafloor around the Challenger Deep, from both the overriding and downgoing plates. 40Ar/39Ar ages indicate that downgoing basalts are Early Cretaceous (ca. 125 Ma), indicating they are part of the Pacific plate rather than the nearby Oligocene Caroline microplate. Downgoing-plate basalts are slightly enriched in incompatible elements but have similar trace element and Hf isotope compositions to other northwest Pacific mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORBs). They also have slightly enriched Sr-Nd-Pb isotope compositions like those of the Indian mantle domain. These features may have formed with contributions from plume-derived components via plume-ridge interactions. One sample from the overriding plate gives an 40Ar/39Ar age of ca. 55 Ma, about the same age as subduction initiation, to form the Izu-Bonin-Mariana convergent margin. Our results suggest that 50%–90% of the Pb budget of Mariana arc magmas is derived from the subducted MORBs with Indian-type isotope affinity.
Adenomas of the ciliary body epithelium: clinics, histopathology and management
Authors: Zheng Yue , Gu Xiang , Yao Yiran , Pan Hui , Jia Renbing , Xu Xiaofang , Zhuang Ai
Published: July 2023

Aims

Adenomas of the ciliary body epithelium, including adenoma of the pigmented ciliary body epithelium (APCE) and adenoma of the non-pigmented ciliary body epithelium (ANPCE), are extremely rare, and most knowledge about them comes from sporadic case reports. The purpose of this study was to provide a comprehensive understanding of adenomas of the ciliary body epithelium and to identify the similarities and differences between APCE and ANPCE.

Methods

This study was a retrospective case series comprising data from 41 patients obtained from retrieved publications and five cases diagnosed at the Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital. The clinicopathological features, treatment and prognosis of APCE and ANPCE were compared using the non-parametric rank sum test, t-test and the χ2test.

Results

The clinical and histopathological features and treatment were analogous between APCE (n=23) and ANPCE (n=23). The overall visual prognosis associated with the two tumours was good, with 63% of the patients having stable or improved vision after treatment. Enucleation was the primary cause of eventual vision loss (three in APCE vs two in ANPCE, p=0.001). Notably, iris invasion was commonly observed in patients with APCE (six in APCE vs zero in ANPCE, p=0.014), and iris invasion was associated with decreased vision eventually (p=0.003). Tumour size was irrelevant to the vision outcome (p=0.65). Metastasis or recurrence did not occur in any of the patients.

Conclusion

In most cases, the clinicopathological features of ANPCE and APCE were similar. Iris invasion was commonly observed in patients with APCE, which was associated with poor visual prognosis.
Visual function resists early neurodegeneration in the visual system in primary progressive multiple sclerosis
Authors: Rosenkranz Sina C , Gutmann Lilija , Has Silemek Arzu Ceylan , Dorr Michael , Häußler Vivien , Lüpke Margareta , Mönch Andrea , Reinhardt Stefanie , Kuhle Jens , Tilsley Penelope , Heesen Christoph , Friese Manuel A , Brandt Alexander , Paul Friedemann , Zimmermann Hanna , Stellmann Jan-Patrick
Published: July 2023

Background

Neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS) affects the visual system but dynamics and pathomechanisms over several years especially in primary progressive MS (PPMS) are not fully understood.

Methods

We assessed longitudinal changes in visual function, retinal neurodegeneration using optical coherence tomography, MRI and serum NfL (sNfL) levels in a prospective PPMS cohort and matched healthy controls. We investigated the changes over time, correlations between outcomes and with loss of visual function.

Results

We followed 81 patients with PPMS (mean disease duration 5.9 years) over 2.7 years on average. Retinal nerve fibre layer thickness (RNFL) was reduced in comparison with controls (90.1 vs 97.8 µm; p<0.001). Visual function quantified by the area under the log contrast sensitivity function (AULCSF) remained stable over a continuous loss of RNFL (0.46 µm/year, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.82; p=0.015) up until a mean turning point of 91 µm from which the AULCSF deteriorated. Intereye RNFL asymmetry above 6 µm, suggestive of subclinical optic neuritis, occurred in 15 patients and was related to lower AULCSF but occurred also in 5 out of 44 controls. Patients with an AULCSF progression had a faster increase in Expanded Disability Status Scale (beta=0.17/year, p=0.043). sNfL levels were elevated in patients (12.2 pg/mL vs 8.0 pg/mL, p<0.001), but remained stable during follow-up (beta=–0.14 pg/mL/year, p=0.291) and were not associated with other outcomes.

Conclusion

Whereas neurodegeneration in the anterior visual system is already present at onset, visual function is not impaired until a certain turning point. sNfL is not correlated with structural or functional impairment in the visual system.
Virial theorem for a cloud of stars obtained from the Jeans equations with second correlation moments
Authors: Stupka A. A. , Kopteva E. M. , Saliuk M. A. , Bormotova I. M.
Published: July 2023

A hydrodynamic model for small acoustic oscillations in a cloud of stars is built, taking into account the self-consistent gravitational field in equilibrium with a non-zero second correlation moment. It is assumed that the momentum flux density tensor should include the analog of the anisotropic pressure tensor and the second correlation moment of both longitudinal and transverse gravitational field strength. The non-relativistic temporal equation for the second correlation moment of the gravitational field strength is derived from the Einstein equations using the first-order post-Newtonian approximation. One longitudinal and two transverse branches of acoustic oscillations are found in a homogeneous and isotropic star cloud. The requirement for the velocity of transverse oscillations to be zero provides the boundary condition for the stability of the cloud. The critical radius of the spherical cloud of stars is obtained, which is precisely consistent with the virial theorem.
Constraining the transitional magnetic dipole moment interaction between active and heavy neutrinos with the $$Z'$$ at FASER$$\nu $$
Authors: Cheung Kingman , Ouseph C. J.
Published: July 2023

We investigate the effects of the transitional magnetic dipole type interactions of the active-to-heavy-neutrino associated with a new neutral gauge boson $$Z'$$

Z
′

on neutrino-nucleon scattering at the ForwArd Search ExpeRiment-$$\nu $$
ν
(FASER$$\nu $$
ν
). We consider the neutral-current neutrino-nucleon scattering ($$\nu A\rightarrow N A'$$

ν
A
→
N

A
′

, where $$A'$$

A
′

denotes the disintegrated nuclei) as the production mechanism of the heavy neutrino N at FASER$$\nu $$
ν
and estimate the sensitivity reach on the magnetic-type dipole coupling $$\omega _{\nu _\alpha }$$

ω

ν
α

for a range of heavy neutrino mass ($$1\,\textrm{GeV}< \textrm{M}_{\textrm{N}} < 70 \mathrm{~GeV}$$

1

GeV
<

M
N

<
70

GeV

). In this study, we consider three benchmark models, in which the heavy neutrino is coupled to $$L_e$$

L
e

, $$L_\mu $$

L
μ

or $$L_\tau $$

L
τ

doublet, respectively.
Sedimentation equilibrium of globular and galaxy clusters
Authors: Ludwig G. O.
Published: July 2023

The equilibrium of globular and galaxy clusters is analyzed using a gravitomagnetic (GM) model for a fluid in stationary, axially-symmetric motion. An oblique change of coordinates leads to a free-fall nonlinear force balance equation relating the GM flux function and the gravitational potential. An approximate internal solution of the force balance is obtained introducing trial functions in the form of a sedimentation equilibrium. The internal solution defines the tangential component of the GM field acting on the surface of the cluster. This GM component constitutes the boundary condition that must be used to obtain a self-consistent solution together with Gauss’ and Ampère’s laws. The complete solution is postponed for future work, but a simple application to the classic Coma Cluster problem indicates that the rotating velocity on the surface of the cluster is within the range of observed values, without introducing dark matter.
Revealed VNM-Solutions: Characterizations
Authors: Vannucci Stefano
Published: July 2023

The choice functions that are consistent with selections of VNM-solutions of an underlying revealed dominance relation are characterized both under VNM-perfection of the latter and in the general case.
Nonlinear Inelastic Stability Behavior of High-Strength Stainless Steel I-Beams with Sinusoidal Web Openings
Authors: de Carvalho Adriano Silva , dos Santos Vinicius Brother , Rossi Alexandre , Martins Carlos Humberto , Özkılıç Yasin Onuralp
Published: July 2023

Perforated beams can bring countless benefits compared to traditional plain-webbed beams. However, steel beams with sequential web openings are more susceptible to instabilities, and special care must be taken in a design concerning the failure modes these structures can present. The study presented herein explicitly dealt with the stability behavior of perforated beams with sinusoidal openings. This type of perforated member features smooth-lined openings constructed from a single thermal cut in conventional plain-webbed steel profiles. A broad study was carried out through numerical simulation using the ABAQUS software, in which perforated profiles manufactured with S600E high-strength stainless steel were studied. The use of high-strength steels in perforated profiles is a little explored topic in the literature, despite having a significant impact on the behavior of these elements. With the study carried out, a broad overview of the stability behavior of these members was obtained, especially concerning global stability. A total of 5940 FE models were developed, considering the application of different types of loads. In these models, linear buckling analysis (LBA) and geometrically and materially nonlinear analysis with imperfections (GMNIA) were performed. The results obtained were compared with international design codes, and it was found that some codes fail to represent the behavior of members that present lateral-distortional buckling (LDB) and interactions between local and global failure modes. This behavior is a significant design concern since the studied members had high yield strength, making them more susceptible to interaction-governed failure modes than usual-yield strength members. Additionally, the study found that some design codes do not accurately represent the behavior of members loaded outside the shear center due to the destabilizing effect of loading on these structures.
Facilitating the drug repurposing with iC/E strategy: A practice on novel nNOS inhibitor discovery
Authors: Hu Zhaoyang , Liu Qingsen , Ni Zhong
Published: July 2023

Over the past decades, many existing drugs and clinical/preclinical compounds have been repositioned as new therapeutic indication from which they were originally intended and to treat off-target diseases by targeting their noncognate protein receptors, such as Sildenafil and Paxlovid, termed drug repurposing (DRP). Despite its significant attraction in the current medicinal community, the DRP is usually considered as a matter of accidents that cannot be fulfilled reliably by traditional drug discovery protocol. In this study, we proposed an integrated computational/experimental (iC/E) strategy to facilitate the DRP within a framework of rational drug design, which was practiced on the identification of new neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) inhibitors from a structurally diverse, functionally distinct drug pool. We demonstrated that the iC/E strategy is very efficient and readily feasible, which confirmed that the phosphodiesterase inhibitor DB06237 showed a high inhibitory potency against nNOS synthase domain, while other two general drugs, i.e. DB02302 and DB08258, can also inhibit the synthase at nanomolar level. Structural bioinformatics analysis revealed diverse noncovalent interactions such as hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic forces and van der Waals contacts across the complex interface of nNOS active site with these identified drugs, conferring both stability and specificity for the complex recognition and association.
Thermodynamics of massless particles in curved spacetime
Authors: Araújo Filho A. A.
Published: July 2023

This work is devoted to study the behavior of massless particles within the context of curved spacetime. In essence, we investigate the consequences of the scale factor [Formula: see text] of the Friedmann–Robertson–Walker metric in the Einstein–aether formalism to study photon-like particles. To do so, we consider the system within the canonical ensemble formalism in order to derive the following thermodynamic state quantities: spectral radiance, Helmholtz free energy, pressure, entropy, mean energy and the heat capacity. Moreover, the correction to the Stefan–Boltzmann law and the equation of states are also provided. Particularly, we separate our study within three distinct cases, i.e. [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]; [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]; [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]. In the first one, the results are derived numerically. Nevertheless, for the rest of the cases, all the calculations are accomplished analytically showing explicitly the dependence of the scale factor [Formula: see text] and the Riemann zeta function [Formula: see text]. Furthermore, our analyses are accomplished in general taking into account three different regimes of temperature of the universe, i.e. the inflationary era ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]GeV), the electroweak epoch ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]GeV) and the cosmic microwave background ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]GeV).
The Effect of Intrafibrillar Post-Yield Behavior on Fracture of Mineralized Collagen Fibril Arrays
Authors: Xu Min , An Bingbing , Zhang Dongsheng
Published: July 2023

Mineralized collagen fibrils (MCFs) are important building blocks of bone at the submicroscale, and the mechanical performance of MCF arrays has a great influence on fracture resistance of bone at large length scales. In this study, we carry out the analyses of fracture process in MCF arrays under tensile loading. The plastic deformation of extrafibrillar matrix (EFM), post-yield behavior of MCFs, MCF breakage and debonding of the MCF-EFM interface are accounted for in the calculations. It is found that the fracture mechanisms of MCF arrays depend on the post-yield characteristics of MCFs. Shear-band-induced cracking of MCFs is the dominant fracture mechanism in the case of strain softening of MCFs, while strain hardening of MCFs promotes the MCF-EFM interfacial debonding, which controls fracture of MCF arrays. In addition, we reveal that plastic energy dissipation of MCFs and EFM provides major contribution to toughness of MCF arrays. Compared with the case of strain softening of MCFs, the MCFs exhibiting post-yield strain hardening can give rise to larger plastic deformation zone in MCFs and activate higher levels of plastic strain of EFM, enhancing plastic energy dissipation and thereby amplifying toughness of MCF arrays. The findings of this study shed new light on the fracture mechanisms of bone associated with alterations in submicroscale structure and composition.
TopicAns: Topic-informed Architecture for Answer Recommendation on Technical Q&A Site
Authors: Yang Yuanhang , He Wei , Gao Cuiyun , Xu Zenglin , Xia Xin , Liu Chuanyi
Published: July 2023

Technical Q&A sites, such as Stack Overflow and Ask Ubuntu, have been widely utilized by software engineers to seek support for development challenges. However, not all the raised questions get instant feedback, and the retrieved answers can vary in quality. The users can hardly avoid spending much time before solving their problems. Prior studies propose approaches to automatically recommend answers for the question posts on technical Q&A sites. However, the lengthiness and the lack of background knowledge issues limit the performance of answer recommendation on these sites. The irrelevant sentences in the posts may introduce noise to the semantics learning and prevent neural models from capturing the gist of texts. The lexical gap between question and answer posts further misleads current models to make failure recommendations. From this end, we propose a novel neural network named TopicAns for answer selection on technical Q&A sites. TopicAns aims at learning high-quality representations for the posts in Q&A sites with a neural topic model and a pre-trained model. This involves three main steps: (1) generating topic-aware representations of Q&A posts with the neural topic model, (2) incorporating the corpus-level knowledge from the neural topic model to enhance the deep representations generated by the pre-trained language model, and (3) determining the most suitable answer for a given query based on the topic-aware representation and the deep representation. Moreover, we propose a two-stage training technique to improve the stability of our model. We conduct comprehensive experiments on four benchmark datasets to verify our proposed TopicAns’s effectiveness. Experiment results suggest that TopicAns consistently outperforms state-of-the-art techniques by over 30% in terms of Precision@1.
Improved Feature Decoupling Transfer Network Modeling based on Singular Value Decomposition for SOC Estimation in Energy-Storage Lithium-ion Batteries
Authors: Liu Ke , Wang Shunli , Liang Huishi , Shi Zinan , Li Miangang , Yu Chunmei , Zhou Kui , Gong Xiaoxu , Yuan Guoqiang , Qi Chuangshi
Published: July 2023

Deep learning (DL) methods is applied extensively in the field of state of charge (SOC) estimation, which require training data and test data to have similar distribution. Discrepancies in data distribution arising from the complexity and diversity of lithium-ion batteries under operational conditions in practice, as well as the difficulty in obtaining data labels, make it enormously challenging to access sufficient battery data to train a specific deep estimator. Aiming to improve the performance of cross-domain SOC estimation for lithium-ion batteries, a model for SOC estimation which combines transfer learning with singular value decomposition (SVD) is proposed. To begin with, a gated recurrent unit (GRU) network is employed to avail the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of the battery from the source and target domains. Then, the features are decoupled by using SVD method to extract task-relevant, important and minor information in the network. Further, the amount of transferred information over the source network to the target network is automatically tuned by the maximum mean discrepancy (MMD) to determine the different degrees of similarity in domain, and the cosine discrepancy to measure the discrepancy on the same domain, which achieves the optimized performance of the target network.
Efficacy of Different Sesame Oil Refining Stages in Reduction of Heavy Metals, Antioxidant Activity, and Oxidative Parameters
Authors: Sarafraz Ardakani Mohammad , Akrami Mohajeri Fateme , Askari Elaheh , Javdan Gholamali , Pourramezani Fatemeh , Fallahzadeh Hossein , Khalili Sadrabad Elham
Published: July 2023

The efficacy of different refining stages on physicochemical parameters, heavy metal, and mineral contents of sesame oil were investigated. The sesame oil from different refining stages (crude oil, neutralization, bleaching, deodorization, and refining stages) was taken from the local oil factory in Yazd, Iran. The fatty acid composition of oil samples was determined by GC-FID. The oxidation indexes including peroxide value, p-Anisidine, free fatty acid, TOTOX, total polar material, as well as antioxidant activity (FRAP and DPPH), and total phenolic content were measured. The mineral and heavy metal content of oil samples were analyzed by ICP-OES. Linoleic acid (41.1-42.4%), oleic acid (41-41.4%), palmitic acid (8.3-9.1%), and stearic acid (6.1-6.3%) were reported as the most dominant fatty acids in all oil samples. The results illustrated that the refining process had no significant effects on fatty acid composition except for slight changes in palmitic acid. It was shown that all oxidation indexes, antioxidant activity, total phenolic content and mineral, and heavy metals were decreased during oil refining. The highest decrease in oxidative indexes was reported in the deodorization stage. The total phenolic content, DPPH, and FRAP ranged from 4.79 to 56.56 mg GAE/100 g, 6852.64 to 867.89 mg/ml, and 54.74 to 127.4 mM FeSO4.7H2O in RSO and CSO, respectively, which the highest decrease was shown during the neutralizing stage. The order of metals in RSO was shown as P>Ca>K>Fe>Mg>Al>Cr>Pb>Ni>Cd>Cu>Co. Although all metals were decreased by the refining process, the Pb concentration (0.16 mg/kg) of RSO was evaluated as higher than the permissible limit. Considering that the refining process effectively reduces undesirable compounds, the consumption of crude sesame oil is not recommended.
Truth Discovery Technology for Mobile Crowd Sensing in Water Quality Monitoring
Authors: Chen Zhenwei , Li Ruixia , Mao Demei
Published: July 2023

The water quality of urban inland rivers is an important index of urban environmental health, which can reflect a city’s development level and its social and economic development. The water quality of these rivers strongly impacts the health and quality of life of the residents of urban and surrounding areas. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately assess the quality of water in urban inland rivers, which can also aid environmental protection departments in providing river governance. Generally, the water quality status of a city’s inland rivers is assessed and released by environmental monitoring stations in various regions that deploy the corresponding water quality detection equipment at certain major locations of the river. However, these detection devices can only detect water quality at fixed locations, and often, the water quality of an urban inland river changes owing to the impact of the surrounding environment and residents it serves. Therefore, the water quality around a detection point does not always reflect the water quality of the entire river section. To better express the water quality status of a city’s inland river, we propose a method based on a mobile crowd-sensing system that obtains the water quality data of the river during an entire period of time and then fuzes these sensing data to obtain the best truth-value estimate of the water quality of the river. We can use this water quality truth value to conduct an objective evaluation of the water quality of a city’s inland rivers. The water quality parameters obtained by the method can better represent the water quality status of the river, and the data are more accurate compared to the data collected and released by an environmental monitoring station. Through simulation and comparative analysis, we found that the water quality data obtained by the proposed method were more accurate, indicating that our method has more practical value than the detection device method.
Deep Hybrid Multimodal Biometric Recognition System Based on Features‐Level Deep Fusion of Five Biometric Traits
Authors: Safavipour Mohammad Hassan , Doostari Mohammad Ali , Sadjedi Hamed
Published: July 2023

The need for information security and the adoption of the relevant regulations is becoming an overwhelming demand worldwide. As an efficient solution, hybrid multimodal biometric systems utilize fusion to combine multiple biometric traits and sources with improving recognition accuracy, higher security assurance, and to cope with the limitations of the uni‐biometric system. In this paper, three strategies for dealing with a feature‐level deep fusion of five biometric traits (face, both irises, and two fingerprints) derived from three sources of evidence are proposed and compared. In the first two proposed methodologies, each feature vector is mapped from the feature space into the reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS) separately by selecting the appropriate reproducing kernel. In this higher space, where the result is the conversion of nonlinear relations to linear ones, dimensionality reduction algorithms (KPCA, KLDA) and quaternion‐based algorithms (KQPCA, KQPCA) are used for the fusion of the feature vectors. In the third methodology, the fusion of feature spaces based on deep learning is administered by combining feature vectors in in‐depth and fully connected layers. The experimental results on 6 databases in the proposed hybrid multibiometric system clearly show the multimodal template obtained from the deep fusion of feature spaces; while being secure against spoof attacks and making the system robust, they can use the low dimensionality of the fused vector to increase the accuracy of a hybrid multimodal biometric system to 100%, showing a significant improvement compared with uni‐biometric and other multimodal systems.
Assessment of Bacteriological Quality and Physiochemical Parameters of Domestic Water Sources in Jenin Governorate: A Case Study
Authors: Al-Khatib Issam A. , Al-Jabari Maher , Al-Oqaili Mahmoud
Published: July 2023

Water quality of drinking water is a concern in Palestine due to possible pollution sources. There is a demand for investigating the quality of municipal water supply. This study aimed to assess the quality of domestic water in Jenin Governorate located in the north of the West Bank. The methodology of this research was based on field sampling and laboratory standard testing. The tested parameters included (1) physicochemical parameters of electrical conductivity, turbidity, total hardness, salinity, pH, and total alkalinity, (2) chemical contents including the contents of nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, chloride, sodium, potassium, aluminum, and fluoride, and (3) biological contents including total coliforms and fecal coliforms. The water quality parameters were compared with the acceptable limits set by local and international standards. The findings confirm that most of the values of the investigated parameters are within the acceptable standard limits. No pollution of heavy metals is detectable. On the other hand, there are limited pollution contents in terms of the total dissolved solid (TDS), total hardness, and calcium. Furthermore, the biological parameters indicate that there are low to very high risks in a fraction of the water quality samples in terms of total coliforms and fecal coliforms. This is believed to be due to the presence of septic tanks in the neighborhoods of the sampling locations. For these cases, biological disinfection treatments are recommended before human use with an essential need for the construction of urban sewer systems. Furthermore, water treatment for harness removal may be required.
HCV: Practical Multi-Keyword Conjunctive Query with Little Result Pattern Leakage
Authors: Zhu Xueling , Fu Shaojing , Hu Huaping , Wu Qing , Liu Bo
Published: July 2023

Multi-keyword conjunctive query is the most common searchable encryption (SE) scheme and gives practical search capability. This paper focuses on constructing a conjunctive query scheme with high privacy and accurate query result. For efficiency, this paper introduces a novel counter vector (CV) data structure instead of inverted index and builds the CV index database with three-tuple keywords. We use two kinds of cryptography primitives to encrypt the CV index database, respectively. One is symmetric encryption for efficiency, which gives two schemes, CVX and ICV. Experiments show that both CVX and ICV have much higher efficiency than the existing schemes. The other is BGN homomorphic encryption for privacy and gives the scheme HCV. HCV reduces much RP information leakage and even achieves “ideal” leakage for 3-keyword query. Experiments show that the HCV scheme achieves high privacy while compromising not so much storage.
Supplementary Data 3 from Clinical Activity of Combined Telomerase Vaccination and Pembrolizumab in Advanced Melanoma: Results from a Phase I Trial
Authors: Ellingsen Espen B. , O'Day Steven , Mezheyeuski Artur , Gromadka Agnieszka , Clancy Trevor , Kristedja Timothy S. , Milhem Mohammed , Zakharia Yousef
Published: July 2023

Figure S3
Supplementary Data from Identification and Validation of T-cell Receptors Targeting RAS Hotspot Mutations in Human Cancers for Use in Cell-based Immunotherapy
Authors: Levin Noam , Paria Biman C. , Vale Nolan R. , Yossef Rami , Lowery Frank J. , Parkhurst Maria R. , Yu Zhiya , Florentin Maria , Cafri Gal , Gartner Jared J. , Shindorf Mackenzie L. , Ngo Lien T. , Ray Satyajit , Kim Sanghyun P. , Copeland Amy R. , Robbins Paul F. , Rosenberg Steven A.
Published: July 2023

Supplementary Data Table 6.
Supplementary Data 2 from Clinical Activity of Combined Telomerase Vaccination and Pembrolizumab in Advanced Melanoma: Results from a Phase I Trial
Authors: Ellingsen Espen B. , O'Day Steven , Mezheyeuski Artur , Gromadka Agnieszka , Clancy Trevor , Kristedja Timothy S. , Milhem Mohammed , Zakharia Yousef
Published: July 2023

Figure S2
Supplementary Data 1 from Clinical Activity of Combined Telomerase Vaccination and Pembrolizumab in Advanced Melanoma: Results from a Phase I Trial
Authors: Ellingsen Espen B. , O'Day Steven , Mezheyeuski Artur , Gromadka Agnieszka , Clancy Trevor , Kristedja Timothy S. , Milhem Mohammed , Zakharia Yousef
Published: July 2023

Figure S1
Supplementary Tables 1-2 from Discovery and Targeting of a Noncanonical Mechanism of Sarcoma Resistance to ADI-PEG20 Mediated by the Microenvironment
Authors: Rogers Leonard C. , Kremer Jeff C. , Brashears Caitlyn B. , Lin Zongtao , Hu Zhixian , Bastos Alliny C.S. , Baker Adriana , Fettig Nicole , Zhou Dong , Shoghi Kooresh I. , Dehner Carina A. , Chrisinger John S.A. , Bomalaski John S. , Garcia Benjamin A. , Oyama Toshinao , White Eileen P. , Van Tine Brian A.
Published: July 2023

Supplementary Tables 1-2
Supplementary Data 1 from Clinical Activity of Combined Telomerase Vaccination and Pembrolizumab in Advanced Melanoma: Results from a Phase I Trial
Authors: Ellingsen Espen B. , O'Day Steven , Mezheyeuski Artur , Gromadka Agnieszka , Clancy Trevor , Kristedja Timothy S. , Milhem Mohammed , Zakharia Yousef
Published: July 2023

Table S1
Supplementary Fig. 7 from Discovery and Targeting of a Noncanonical Mechanism of Sarcoma Resistance to ADI-PEG20 Mediated by the Microenvironment
Authors: Rogers Leonard C. , Kremer Jeff C. , Brashears Caitlyn B. , Lin Zongtao , Hu Zhixian , Bastos Alliny C.S. , Baker Adriana , Fettig Nicole , Zhou Dong , Shoghi Kooresh I. , Dehner Carina A. , Chrisinger John S.A. , Bomalaski John S. , Garcia Benjamin A. , Oyama Toshinao , White Eileen P. , Van Tine Brian A.
Published: July 2023

Supplemental Figure 7. Gemcitabine and docetaxel increase toxicity to ASS1 KO tumor cells treated with ADI-PEG20 and either chloroquine or imipramine.
Supplementary Fig. 6 from Discovery and Targeting of a Noncanonical Mechanism of Sarcoma Resistance to ADI-PEG20 Mediated by the Microenvironment
Authors: Rogers Leonard C. , Kremer Jeff C. , Brashears Caitlyn B. , Lin Zongtao , Hu Zhixian , Bastos Alliny C.S. , Baker Adriana , Fettig Nicole , Zhou Dong , Shoghi Kooresh I. , Dehner Carina A. , Chrisinger John S.A. , Bomalaski John S. , Garcia Benjamin A. , Oyama Toshinao , White Eileen P. , Van Tine Brian A.
Published: July 2023

Supplemental Figure 6. RNA sequencing of tumors.
Supplementary Fig. 5 from Discovery and Targeting of a Noncanonical Mechanism of Sarcoma Resistance to ADI-PEG20 Mediated by the Microenvironment
Authors: Rogers Leonard C. , Kremer Jeff C. , Brashears Caitlyn B. , Lin Zongtao , Hu Zhixian , Bastos Alliny C.S. , Baker Adriana , Fettig Nicole , Zhou Dong , Shoghi Kooresh I. , Dehner Carina A. , Chrisinger John S.A. , Bomalaski John S. , Garcia Benjamin A. , Oyama Toshinao , White Eileen P. , Van Tine Brian A.
Published: July 2023

Supplemental Figure 5. Evidence against other possible growth support mechanisms and MEF toxicity.