bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bound excitons and bandgap engineering in violet phosphorus
Authors: Sun Zhenyu , Cai Zhihao , Cheng Peng , Chen Lan , Zhao Xuewen , Zhang Jinying , Wu Kehui , Feng Baojie
Published: May 2023

Violet phosphorus (VP), the most stable phosphorus allotrope, is a van der Waals semiconductor that can be used to construct p-type nanodevices. Recently, high-quality VP crystals have been synthesized while a deep insight into their excitonic properties and bandgap tailoring approaches, which are crucial for their optoelectronic device applications, is still lacking. Here, we study the optical properties of ultrathin VP by second harmonic generation, photoluminescence, and optical absorption spectroscopy. We observed strong bound exciton emission that is 0.48 eV away from the free exciton emission, which is among the largest in 2D materials. In addition, the bandgaps of VP are highly sensitive to the number of layers and external strain, which provides convenient approaches for bandgap engineering. The strong bound exciton emission and tunable bandgaps make VP a promising material in optoelectronic devices.
Differential Binding of NLRP3 to non-oxidized and Ox-mtDNA mediates NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation
Authors: Cabral Angela , Cabral Julia Elise , Wang Angelina , Zhang Yiyang , Liang Hailin , Nikbakht Donya , Corona Leslie , Hoffman Hal M. , McNulty Reginald
Published: May 2023

The NLRP3 inflammasome is a key mediator of the innate immune response to sterile tissue injury and is involved in many chronic and acute diseases. Physically and chemically diverse agents activate the NLRP3 inflammasome. Here, we show that NLRP3 binds non-oxidized and Ox-mtDNA differentially, with a half maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) for non-oxidized and Ox-mtDNA of 4 nM and 247.2 nM, respectively. The NLRP3 Neonatal-Onset Multisystem Inflammatory Disease (NOMID) gain of function mutant could bind non-oxidized mtDNA but had higher affinity for Ox-mtDNA compared to WT with an IC50of 8.1 nM. NLRP3 lacking the pyrin domain can bind both oxidized and non-oxidized mtDNA. Isolated pyrin domain prefers Ox-mtDNA. The NLRP3 pyrin domain shares a protein fold with DNA glycosylases and generate a model for DNA binding based on the structure and sequence alignment toClostridium acetobutylicumand human OGG1, an inhibitor of Ox-mtDNA generation, 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylases. We provide a new model for how NLRP3 interacts with Ox-mtDNA supported by DNA binding in the presence of a monoclonal antibody against the pyrin domain. These results give new insights into the mechanism of inflammasome assembly, and into the function of reactive oxygen species in establishing a robust immune response.
The SWine IMputation (SWIM) haplotype reference panel enables nucleotide resolution genetic mapping in pigs
Authors: Ding Rongrong , Savegnago Rodrigo , Liu Jinding , Long Nanye , Tan Cheng , Cai Gengyuan , Zhuang Zhanwei , Wu Jie , Yang Ming , Qiu Yibin , Ruan Donglin , Quan Jianping , Zheng Enqin , Yang Huaqiang , Li Zicong , Tan Suxu , Bedhane Mohammed , Schnabel Robert , Steibel Juan , Gondro Cedric , Yang Jie , Huang Wen , Wu Zhenfang
Published: May 2023

Genetic mapping to identify genes and alleles associated with or causing economically important quantitative trait variation in livestock animals such as pigs is a major goal in animal genetic improvement. Despite recent advances in high-throughput genotyping technologies, the resolution of genetic mapping in pigs remains poor due in part to the low density of genotyped variant sites. In this study, we overcame this limitation by developing a reference haplotype panel for pigs based on 2259 whole genome-sequenced animals representing 44 pig breeds. We evaluated software combinations and breed composition to optimize the imputation procedure and achieved an average concordance rate in excess of 96%, a non-reference concordance rate of 88%, and an r2 of 0.85. We demonstrated in two case studies that genotype imputation using this resource can dramatically improve the resolution of genetic mapping. A public web server has been developed to allow the pig genetics community to fully utilize this resource. We expect this resource to facilitate genetic mapping and accelerate genetic improvement in pigs.
G2Retro as a two-step graph generative models for retrosynthesis prediction
Authors: Chen Ziqi , Ayinde Oluwatosin R. , Fuchs James R. , Sun Huan , Ning Xia
Published: May 2023

Retrosynthesis is a procedure where a target molecule is transformed into potential reactants and thus the synthesis routes can be identified. Recently, computational approaches have been developed to accelerate the design of synthesis routes. In this paper,we develop a generative framework 2 for one-step retrosynthesis prediction. 2 imitates the reversed logic of synthetic reactions. It first predicts the reaction centers in the target molecules (products), identifies the synthons needed to assemble the products, and transforms these synthons into reactants. 2 defines a comprehensive set of reaction center types, and learns from the molecular graphs of the products to predict potential reaction centers. To complete synthons into reactants, 2 considers all the involved synthon structures and the product structures to identify the optimal completion paths, and accordingly attaches small substructures sequentially to the synthons. Here we show that 2 is able to better predict the reactants for given products in the benchmark dataset than the state-of-the-art methods.
Experimental investigation of nanofluid enhanced oil recovery by spontaneous imbibition
Authors: Zhang Jingnan , Huang Hai , Zhang Ming , Wang Wenchang
Published: May 2023

Nanofluids have been recently proposed as new chemical agents for enhanced oil recovery.
Injectable leonurine nanocrystal-loaded microspheres for long-term hyperlipidemia management
Authors: Song Zhiling , Meng Shiyu , Tang Zhuang , Yang Xiaoxue , He Yuan , Zheng Ying , Guo Hui , Du Meirong , Zhu Yizhun , Wang Xiaolin
Published: May 2023

Leonurine nanocrystal-loaded long-acting microspheres (Leo-nano@MP) for long-term and effective hyperlipidemia treatment in high-fat diet (HDF)-fed rats.
Monomeric lithium and sodium silylbenzyl complexes: syntheses, structures, and CO bond olefination
Authors: Barker Jordan , Davison Nathan , Waddell Paul G. , Lu Erli
Published: May 2023

Herein we report two new monomeric lithium and sodium silylbenzyl complexes, which can efficiently convert CO bond in ketones, aldehydes and amide into CC bond, i.e., conducting olefination.
Hydrogen-bonding and resonance stabilisation effects in cationic bis(iminium) phenoxide diacids
Authors: Jones Rebecca L. , Morris Louis J. , Collins Rice Clement G. , Turner Zoë R. , O’Hare Dermot
Published: May 2023

An in-depth study into the synthesis, characterisation and inherent structure of a bis(iminium) phenoxide diacid cation.
Different chlorine and hydroxyl radical environments impact m-xylene oxidation products
Authors: Bhattacharyya Nirvan , Modi Mrinali , Jahn Leif G. , Hildebrandt Ruiz Lea
Published: May 2023

Transportation emissions of aromatic hydrocarbons such as xylenes evolve in the atmosphere due to radical oxidation and can form a variety of products, including secondary organic aerosol (SOA).
Self-induced interface enhanced moisture-harvesting and light-trapping toward high performance electric power generation
Authors: Bai Jiaxin , Liao Qihua , Yao Houze , Guang Tianlei , He Tiancheng , Cheng Huhu , Qu Liangti
Published: May 2023

A self-induced imprinting strategy is proposed to in situ establish the interface microgroove architecture for efficient synergy of water coalescence, migration, and light harvesting.
Effects of xanthan gum, konjac glucomannan, and arabinogalactan on the in vitro digestion and fermentation characteristics of biscuits
Authors: Liu Fangwei , Chen Suming , Dong Dejun , Zhang Yanli , Zhang Shanshan , Pan Yuhui , Ji Haihua , Zhang Ziyi , Huang Xinru , Zhang Lin , Liu Huan , Hu Jielun
Published: May 2023

The starch hydrolysis rate of biscuits was affected by the polysaccharides. Biscuits with polysaccharides could help to modulate gut microbiota.
Conversion of biomass-derived sugars to 1,1,2-trialkoxyethane via a [2 + 4] retro-aldol reaction over alkaline and alkaline earth metal salts of phosphotungstic acid
Authors: Liu Tihang , Wang Jiangang , Cui Hongyou , Wang Jinghua
Published: May 2023

Catalytic conversion of biomass-derived sugars over alkaline and alkaline earth metal salts of phosphotungstic acid to 1,1,2-trialkoxyethane with high yield.
Correction: Cellulose-assisted electrodeposition of zinc for morphological control in battery metal recycling
Authors: Hoogendoorn B. W. , Parra M. , Capezza A. J. , Li Y. , Forsberg K. , Xiao X. , Olsson R. T.
Published: May 2023

Correction for ‘Cellulose-assisted electrodeposition of zinc for morphological control in battery metal recycling’ by B. W. Hoogendoorn et al., Mater. Adv., 2022, 3, 5304–5314, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2MA00249C.
Simultaneous detection of two tumor markers using electrochemical immunosensor based on ultrathin metal–organic framework derived nanosheets as redox probes
Authors: Huang Xiaomei , Deng Xiang , Deng Zihe , Huang Chaoqin , Zhu Xiaoyu , Sun Li
Published: May 2023

Ultrathin metal–organic framework derived nanosheets (Cu/Co-UMOFNs@Au NPs) were designed for the first time as dual-catalytic multiple-label sandwich immunosensor for simultaneous detection of alpha fetoprotein (AFP) and cancer embryo antigen (CEA).
In situ-grown Mo-doped MOF-derived phosphide supported nanosheets as an efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst towards urea–water electrolysis
Authors: Wu Ying , Lu Junhao , Zhao Jinjin , Zhang Ran , Zhang Shaohong , Wang Zhijuan
Published: May 2023

A MOF-derived phosphide with porous nanosheet structure on nickel foam (Mo–Ni2P@NiO/NC/NF) was used as both cathode and anode for urea-water electrolysis. The UOR&HER system requires a lower voltage (1.496 V) with high activity at 10 mA cm−2.
Memristors based on 2D MoSe2 nanosheets as artificial synapses and nociceptors for neuromorphic computing
Authors: Duan Huan , Wang Dehui , Gou Jingxi , Guo Feng , Jie Wenjing , Hao Jianhua
Published: May 2023

Memristors based on CVD-grown 2D layered MoSe2 nanosheets show potential applications in artificial synapses and nociceptors for neuromorphic computing.
Solvent-free base-controlled addition reaction ofH-phosphonates andH-phosphine oxides to α-CF3styrenes: facile synthesis of β-CF3-substituted phosphonates and phosphine oxides
Authors: Zeng Qianding , Liu Ying , He Jingjing , Deng Yupian , Zheng Pai , Sun Zhudi , Cao Song
Published: May 2023

An efficient solvent-free synthesis of β-CF3-substituted phosphonates and phosphine oxidesviahydrophosphonylation and hydrophosphinylation of α-CF3styrenes withH-phosphonates andH-phosphine oxides was developed.
Beyond iron: metal-binding activity of the Pseudomonas quinolone signal-motif
Authors: Szamosvári Dávid , Savchenko Viktoriia , Badouin Natalie , Böttcher Thomas
Published: May 2023

The synthesis of two dimeric variants of the Pseudomonas quinolone signaling motif is reported, which, via colored and fluorescent metal complexes, informed the discovery of other metal complexes beyond iron(iii) for the natural product PQS.
Anion-accelerated asymmetric Nazarov cyclization: access to vicinal all-carbon quaternary stereocenters
Authors: Dickinson Cody F. , Yap Glenn P. A. , Tius Marcus A.
Published: May 2023

A catalytic asymmetric Nazarov cyclization that generates vicinal aliphatic all-carbon quaternary centers diastereoselectively and in high enantiomeric excess has been developed.
Copper-catalyzed silylation of propargyl carbonates: a general entry to allenylsilanes
Authors: Zhang He , Jiang Linjuan , Yang Mei , Liu Yuanhong
Published: May 2023

A copper-catalyzed silylation of propargyl carbonates with silylboranes affords structurally diverse allenylsilanes including tri- or tetra-substituted and 1,1- or 1,3-disubstituted allenylsilanes.
Applications of trisulfide radical anion S3˙− in organic synthesis
Authors: Song Ping , Rao Weidong , Chivers Tristram , Wang Shun-Yi
Published: May 2023

The synthetic and mechanistic aspects of the role of the trisulfide radical anion S3˙− in organic chemistry are reviewed.
Asymmetric total syntheses of sarbracholide and shizukaol B
Authors: Huang Ganxing , Huang Zhengsong , Ma Xianjian , Feng Zhihu , Yuan Fengxia , Qin Song , Fu Shaomin , Liu Bo
Published: May 2023

Asymmetric total syntheses of lindenane sesquiterpenoid [4 + 2] head-to-tail oligomers sarbracholide and shizukaol B are presented.
Solution composition dependent Soret coefficient using commercial MicroScale Thermophoresis instrument
Authors: Pulyala Praneetha , Jing Meng , Gao Wei , Cheng Xuanhong
Published: May 2023

The developed method quantifies the thermophoretic migration of colloidal particles as the Soret coefficient, indicating a dependence on interfacial properties and ionic composition of the dispersing medium.
Graphene oxide supported ionic liquid/Fe complex: a robust and highly stable nanocatalyst
Authors: Taheri Kimiya , Elhamifar Dawood , Kargar Shiva , Zarnegaryan Ali
Published: May 2023

A novel nano-graphene oxide supported ionic liquid/Fe (NGO/IL–Fe) is prepared, characterized and used as a powerful and highly recoverable nanocatalyst in the synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyrans under green conditions.
The one/two atom size-reduction of [Au23SCy16]−induced by the [Au6(dppp)4]2+cluster
Authors: Zhang Lichao , Fan Daoqing , Shi Yanan , He Shuping , Cui Mengting , Yu Haizhu , Zhu Manzhou
Published: May 2023

[Au22SCy14(dppp)]2+and [Au21SCy12(dppp)2]+clusters were formed as the dominant products in the equimolar inter-cluster reaction of [Au23SCy16]−and [Au6(dppp)4]2+. The active etching sites of the Au23precursor lie in AuS2motifs.
Quantitative evaluation of H-donating abilities of C(sp3)–H bonds of nitrogen-containing heterocycles in hydrogen atom transfer reaction
Authors: Fu Yan-Hua , Jia Taixuan , Shen Guang-Bin , Zhu Xiao-Qing
Published: May 2023

Nitrogen-containing heterocycles are an important class of antioxidants, and their reactivity and selectivity in hydrogen atom reactions have attracted significant interest from chemists.
Research on the catalytic activity of MNP-[Dop-OH]-CuBr2 nanocomposites: novel and stable reusable nanocatalysts for the synthesis of 1,3,5-triazine derivatives
Authors: Feng Shouchun , Tan Jinwang , Ma Yufan , Chang Li-Yuan
Published: May 2023

MNP-[Dop-OH]-CuBr2 nanocomposited catalyzed synthesis of 1,3,5-triazine derivatives via an oxidative coupling reaction of amidine hydrochlorides and alcohols.
Demonstration and experimental model validation of the DME synthesis by reactive distillation in a pilot-scale pressure column
Authors: Gierse Malte , Bogatykh Innokentij , Steinbach Benedikt , Sauer Jörg , Repke Jens-Uwe , Salem Ouda
Published: May 2023

Production of purified DME by reactive distillation was demonstrated experimentally and the first validated process simulation model in the literature for this process was derived.
A novel point-of-care diagnostic prototype system for the simultaneous electrochemiluminescent sensing of multiple traumatic brain injury biomarkers
Authors: Jović Milica , Prim Denis , Righini Ophélie , Tagan David , Stäuble Mélanie , Pignat Marc , Gallay Steve , Geiser Martial , Pfeifer Marc E.
Published: May 2023

A new POC diagnostic prototype system for simultaneous detection of mTBI biomarkers based on a spatially resolved electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (SR-ECLIA).
Cu-catalysed Chan–Evans–Lam reaction meets deep eutectic solvents: efficient and selective C–N bond formation under aerobic conditions at room temperature
Authors: Cicco Luciana , Vitale Paola , Perna Filippo Maria , Capriati Vito , García-Álvarez Joaquín
Published: May 2023

The Cu(ii)-catalysed Chan–Evans–Lam amination between organoboron compounds and primary amines can be conducted and scaled up in Deep Eutectic Solvents as recyclable and sustainable reaction media, and in the absence of external ligands.
High-performance piezoelectric nanogenerators based on hierarchical ZnO@CF/PVDF composite film for self-powered meteorological sensor
Authors: Li Yinhui , Sun Jiaojiao , Li Pengwei , Li Xuran , Tan Jianqiang , Zhang Hulin , Li Tingyu , Liang Jianguo , Zhou Yunlei , Hai Zhenyin , Zhang Jin
Published: May 2023

A high-performance piezoelectric sensor was fabricated for the real-time monitoring of meteorological wind and rainfall.
Local microenvironment tuning induces switching between electrochemical CO2 reduction pathways
Authors: Dolmanan Surani Bin , Böhme Annette , Fan Ziting , King Alex J. , Fenwick Aidan Q. , Handoko Albertus Denny , Leow Wan Ru , Weber Adam Z. , Ma Xinbin , Khoo Edwin , Atwater Harry A. , Lum Yanwei
Published: May 2023

We show that the pore size of the gas-diffusion layer used in electrochemical CO2 reduction affects CO2 mass transport. This directly influences the local reaction microenvironment, controlling the selectivity between CO and formate on Ag catalysts.
Biomaterial-based strategies for immunomodulation in IBD: current and future scenarios
Authors: Jori Chandrashekhar , Chaudhary Anis Ahmad , Rashid Summya , Ali Mohamed A. M. , Alawam Abdullah S. , Haouala Faouzi , Khan Rehan
Published: May 2023

Overview of the different nanoformulations in the treatment of IBD.
Biocompatible cationic polypeptoids with antibacterial selectivity depending on hydrophobic carbon chain length
Authors: Shen Xiran , Rao Yu , Di Liu  , Wang Jinghong , Niu Xiaomeng , Wang Yichen , Chen Wentao , Liu Fan , Guo Li , Chen Hong
Published: May 2023

To address the issue of infection in interventional biomedical implants, we reported cost-effective cationic polypeptoids modified polyurethane (PU) films (PU-PNBM, PU-PNBE, PU-PNBB) to create physical-biological synergistic antibacterial surfaces.
Atomistic modeling of metal–ligand chirality transfer and chiroptical properties of lead and tin hybrid perovskites
Authors: Fortino Mariagrazia , Mattoni Alessandro , Pietropaolo Adriana
Published: May 2023

Models of chiral hybrid perovskites are studied byab initiomolecular dynamics, projected density of states, TD-DFT and ECD spectra calculations to clarify how the chiral bias affects the inorganic octahedra and how it differs in lead and tin cases.
Multisensory synapses based on Fe3O4/graphene transistors for neuromorphic computing
Authors: Miao Tingting , Liu Weikang , Huang Cungang , Cui Bin , Chu Ruiyue , Zhao Xiangxiang , Wu Xinyi , Wu Shuyun , Xie Jihao , Liu Huiyang , Chen Juan , Bin Cheng  , Hu Jifan
Published: May 2023

Not only synaptic behaviors, but also logical operations are achieved by the optical and electrical stimulations, which provides a new arena for multi-field regulation and an opportunity for recognition and decision making in brain-like computing.
Color modulation of cerium sulfide colorant powders through chemical doping engineering
Authors: Zhang Hongbin , Zhang Jiasong , Ye Renguang , Xu Shiqing , Bai Gongxun
Published: May 2023

The successful preparation of La3+ doped cerium sulfide not only expands the number of preparation methods, but also enriches the color types and spectral properties of cerium sulfide, showing considerable market potential.
A feasible strategy to obtain air-stable triphenylamine radicals in the solid state by introducing conjugated donor–acceptor modules
Authors: Rong Xugang , Liu Jueshan , Wu Jianglin , Li Chuan , Wang Kexin , Lu Zhiyun , Liu Yingzhe , Gu Mingjie , Huang Yan
Published: May 2023

With spin delocalization of the D unit and enhanced intermolecular interaction of the A unit, TPA radicals were achieved in the solid state with a half-life of more than one month under ambient conditions.
Dynamic deformable transformer for end‐to‐end face alignment
Authors: Han Liming , Yang Chi , Li Qing , Yao Bin , Jiao Zixian , Xie Qianyang
Published: May 2023

Heatmap‐based regression (HBR) methods have dominated for a long time in the face alignment field while these methods need complex design and post‐processing. In this study, the authors propose an end‐to‐end and simple enough coordinate‐based regression (CBR) method called Dynamic Deformable Transformer (DDT) for face alignment. Unlike general pre‐defined landmark queries, DDT uses Dynamic Landmark Queries (DLQs) to query landmarks' classes and coordinates together. Besides, DDT adopts a deformable attention mechanism rather than a regular attention mechanism which has a faster convergence speed and lower computational complexity. Experiment results on three mainstream datasets 300W, WFLW, and COFW demonstrate DDT exceeds the state‐of‐the‐art CBR methods by a large margin and is comparable to the current state‐of‐the‐art HBR methods with much less computational complexity.
Multimorbidität in Deutschland und ihre Bedeutung für
die Versorgung der Zukunft – eine Sekundärdatenanalyse basierend
auf 67 Mio. Versichertendaten
Authors: Schmitz Marie-Therese , Just Johannes Maximilian , Weckbecker Klaus , Schmid Matthias , Münster Eva
Published: May 2023

Hintergrund Multimorbidität ist in Praxis und Klinik eine
besondere Herausforderung. Epidemiologische Erkenntnisse basieren in Deutschland
auf Stichprobenuntersuchungen und methodische Probleme, wie das Fehlen einer
einheitlichen Definition, dominieren. Dies trotz der hohen geschätzten
Prävalenz unter Erwachsenen in Deutschland.

Methode Es wurden Daten der gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung, die als
'Informationssystem Versorgungsdaten' des ehemaligen Deutschen
Instituts für Medizinische Dokumentation und Information zur
Verfügung gestellt wurden, analysiert. Insgesamt konnten 67,3 Millionen
gesetzlich Versicherte des Jahres 2014 eingeschlossen werden.
Multimorbidität wurde durch das Vorhandensein von mindestens 3
Krankheiten aus einer Liste von 46 Krankheiten per ICD-10 definiert.

Ergebnisse Insgesamt sind 21.157.937 Personen und somit 31,4% des
Gesamtkollektivs als multimorbide definiert. Auffällig ist, dass
Männer einen späteren Verlaufsanstieg der
Multimorbidität im Alter von etwa 40 Jahren haben, während es
bei Frauen schon im Alter von etwa 35 Jahren zum Anstieg kommt. Unterschiedliche
Krankheitslast durch differierende Morbiditätskombinationen konnten in
den Alters- und Geschlechtsgruppen gezeigt werden.

Schlussfolgerung Das Verständnis der komplexen
Krankheitsinteraktionen in Abhängigkeit des Alters und Geschlechts muss
gestärkt werden. Interdisziplinäre Ansätze für
spezifische Versorgungskonzepte für Multimorbidität, adaptiert
an das Chronic Care Modell sollten erforscht werden, um eine optimale
Versorgungslage in Deutschland zu erwirken.
The Anabolic Effect of Fenugreek: A Systematic Review with
Meta-analysis
Authors: Isenmann Eduard , Alisauskas Pijus , Flenker Ulrich , Schalla Jan , Diel Patrick
Published: May 2023

The use of plant steroids to improve physical health and performance is becoming
increasingly popular. One of these plant steroids is diosgenin, which is mainly
available in fenugreek. As a result, some studies have been conducted to improve
physical health. Fenugreek extracts are also becoming increasingly popular in
the context of athletic performance. Based on these assumptions, a systematic
review with meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the promoting effects of
fenugreek on strength performance, body composition, and hormone concentration.
Four databases were screened according to Preferred Reporting Items for
Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The current version of
ReviewManager (RevMan) was used for the statistical evaluation. Seven studies
with 449 participants (378 male, 71 female) met the inclusion criteria. A small
effect of fenugreek was detected for total testosterone (standard mean
difference (SMD): 0.32; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.09 0.55), free
testosterone (SMD: 0.24; 95% CI: −0.04, 0.52), lean body mass
(SMD: 0.19; 95% CI: −0.10, 0.49), fat mass (SMD: −0.19;
95% CI: −0.44, 0.05), and leg press performance (SMD: 0.22;
95% CI: −0.02, 0.47), in male athletes. The meta-analysis shows
that chronic application of fenugreek has performance-enhancing and anabolic
effects in male athletes, but no statements can be made for female athletes.
Peripheral Arterial Stiffness is Associated with Maximal Oxygen
Uptake in Athletes
Authors: Hashimoto Yuto , Okamoto Takanobu
Published: May 2023

Increased central arterial stiffness is associated with decreased maximal oxygen
uptake (V̇O2max). Endurance exercise training improves
arterial function throughout the whole body, but the relationship between
central and peripheral arterial stiffness and V̇O2max is
unknown. The present study investigated the relationship between central and
peripheral arterial stiffness and V̇O2max in
endurance-trained athletes. Twenty-one young male endurance-trained athletes and
12 sedentary controls were included in this study. Resting values for
carotid-femoral velocity and femoral-ankle pulse wave velocity were obtained to
assess central and peripheral arterial stiffness, respectively.
V̇O2max was obtained by incremental cycle ergometer
testing. Both carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (P=0.019) and
femoral-ankle pulse wave velocity (P=0.028) were lower in athletes than
in controls. V̇O2max was significantly higher in athletes
compared to controls (P<0.001). Significant correlations were found
between carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and V̇O2max
(r=–0.510, P=0.018) and between femoral-ankle pulse wave
velocity and V̇O2max (r=–0.472,
P=0.031) in athletes. However, no correlations were evident in controls.
These results suggest that higher V̇O2max is associated with
lower peripheral arterial stiffness in addition to central arterial stiffness
among endurance-trained athletes.
Die frühelektive endovaskuläre Versorgung der unkomplizierten Aortendissektion Typ B nach Stanford ist sicher
Authors: Betz Thomas , Pfister Karin , Schierling Wilma , Sachsamanis Georgios , Kasprzak Piotr , Oikonomou Kyriakos
Published: May 2023

Einleitung Die richtige Therapiewahl bei unkomplizierter Aortendissektion Typ B nach Stanford (TBAD) ist Gegenstand zahlreicher Publikationen. Neben einer konservativen Therapie kann eine frühelektive Behandlung (7–21 Tage nach dem Dissektionsereignis) durch Implantation einer thorakalen Endoprothese (TEVAR) durchgeführt werden, um das Risiko von aortenbezogenen Komplikationen im Spätverlauf zu reduzieren. Eine Subgruppe von Patienten profitiert hierbei bei Vorliegen von zusätzlichen anatomischen Risikofaktoren besonders von einer endovaskulären Therapie.

Material und Methoden Es wurde eine retrospektive Analyse aller Patienten, die am eigenen Zentrum bei einer TBAD therapiert wurden, durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse Im Zeitraum von 02/2017 bis 09/2021 wurden 61 Patienten mit TBAD behandelt. 55 Patienten (38 Männer; 17 Frauen, Durchschnittsalter von 63 ± 11 Jahren) wurden mittels TEVAR versorgt. Bei 11 Patienten (20%) lag eine komplizierte TBAD vor, bei 12 Patienten (22%) eine TBAD mit Hochrisikomerkmalen und bei 32 Patienten (58%) eine unkomplizierte TBAD. Der technische Erfolg der durchgeführten Prozeduren betrug 100%. Innerhalb der Gruppe der Patienten mit unkomplizierter TBAD ist kein Patient innerhalb der ersten 30 postoperativen Tage verstorben. Ein Patient (3%) mit unkomplizierter TBAD erlitt postoperativ einen Schlaganfall. Es wurden 2 Re-Interventionen bei SINE (Stentgraft-induzierter Entry; 4%) an Tag 7 und Tag 9 nach der Primäroperation durchgeführt.

Zusammenfassung Die frühelektive endovaskuläre Behandlung der unkomplizierten TBAD ist mit einer niedrigen perioperativen Komplikationsrate umsetzbar. Insbesondere bei Patienten mit Hochrisikomerkmalen ist diese in Kombination mit einer optimalen Medikation ein wichtiger Bestandteil der Therapie.
Decarboxylative Oxidation of Carboxylic Acids Using Photocatalysis and Copper Catalysis
Authors: Sun Zhankui , Zaman Muhammad Kashif , Khan Shah Nawaz , Cai Yuanyuan
Published: May 2023

A decarboxylative oxidation of carboxylic acids was developed through visible-light-induced photocatalysis with molecular oxygen as a green oxidant and copper as a co-catalyst. This reaction worked smoothly on various type of acids, and could potentially be used in modifications of natural products. The high efficiency of this transformation was demonstrated on over 40 substrates.
The Genetic Association with Athlete Status, Physical Performance,
and Injury Risk in Soccer
Authors: Murtagh Conall F. , Hall Elliott C. R. , Brownlee Thomas E. , Drust Barry , Williams Alun G. , Erskine Robert M.
Published: May 2023

The aim of this review was to critically appraise the literature concerning the
genetic association with athlete status, physical performance, and injury risk
in soccer. The objectives were to provide guidance on which genetic markers
could potentially be used as part of future practice in soccer and to provide
direction for future research in this area. The most compelling evidence
identified six genetic polymorphisms to be associated with soccer athlete status
(ACE I/D; ACTN3 rs1815739; AGT rs699;
MCT1 rs1049434; NOS3 rs2070744; PPARA rs4253778), six
with physical performance (ACTN3 rs1815739; AMPD1 rs17602729;
BDNF rs6265; COL2A1 rs2070739; COL5A1 rs12722;
NOS3 rs2070744), and seven with injury risk (ACTN3 rs1815739;
CCL2 rs2857656; COL1A1 rs1800012; COL5A1 rs12722;
EMILIN1 rs2289360; IL6 rs1800795; MMP3 rs679620). As
well as replication by independent groups, large-scale genome-wide association
studies are required to identify new genetic markers. Future research should
also investigate the physiological mechanisms associating these polymorphisms
with specific phenotypes. Further, researchers should investigate the above
associations in female and non-Caucasian soccer players, as almost all published
studies have recruited male participants of European ancestry. Only after
robust, independently replicated genetic data have been generated, can genetic
testing be considered an additional tool to potentially inform future practice
in soccer.
Convergent Synthesis of the Octasaccharide Repeating Unit of the K55 Capsular Polysaccharide of Acinetobacter baumannii BAL_204 Strain
Authors: Misra Anup Kumar , Sahaji Samim , Shit Pradip
Published: May 2023

Synthesis of the octasaccharide repeating unit of the K55 capsular polysaccharide of Acinetobacter baumannii BAL_204 strain has been achieved in very good yield using a convergent [5+3] block glycosylation strategy. The pentasaccharide and trisaccharide components were synthesized using sequential stereoselective glycosylations. The p-methoxybenzyl (PMB) group was used as temporary alkyl protecting group, which was removed under the thiophilic glycosylation condition by raising the temperature. A late-stage TEMPO-mediated selective oxidation of primary hydroxyl group into carboxylic acid allowed getting the d-glucuronic acid moiety in the octasaccharide. A combination of N-iodosuccinimide (NIS) and perchloric acid supported over silica (HClO4­-SiO2) was used as a thiophilic promoter for the activation of thioglycosides. HClO4-SiO2 was also used as a solid acid activator for glycosyl trichloroacetimidate derivative.
Extensive Rehabilitation of a Medically Compromised Patient with Vitamin-D Deficiency Using Dental Implants: A Case Report
Authors: Parakh Mayank Kumar , Shetty Manoj , Hegde Rakshith , Shetty Athma
Published: May 2023

Patients often report to dental practice with a wide range of chief complaints. At times, young adult patients, seemingly fit clinically, report extensively damaged dentition. It is important that such patients be evaluated more extensively and the etiology if any, for such debilitated dentition, must be assessed. Dental implants are a successful treatment modality that helps to restore the function and esthetics of a patient. Early dental implant failure refers to the dental implant's failure to osseointegrate with the native bone during the phase of healing. This article describes one such young adult patient of 34 years, who presented with a history of dental implant failures without any underlying systemic comorbidities. The patient's elaborate history was taken and it was found that the patient had a severe vitamin D deficiency. Following treatment of the deficiency, the case was managed effectively with the help of a maxillary cement-retained implant-supported full-arch fixed prosthesis and, an implant and tooth-supported mandibular cast partial denture.
Using quantum computers to speed up time series analysis
Authors: McConnon Aili
Published: May 2023

Quantum versions of a classical calculation could circumvent a limiting factor for large data sets.
Extraordinary second harmonic generation modulated by divergent strain field in pressurized monolayer domes
Authors: Liu Boqing , Yildirim Tanju , Blundo Elena , de Ceglia Domenico , Khan Ahmed Raza , Yin Zongyou , Nguyen Hieu T. , Pettinari Giorgio , Felici Marco , Polimeni Antonio , Lu Yuerui
Published: May 2023

The most prominent form of nonlinear optical (NLO) frequency conversion is second harmonic generation (SHG), where incident light interacts with a nonlinear medium producing photons at double the input frequency, which has vast applications in material and biomedical science. Emerging two-dimensional nonlinear optical materials led by transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have fascinating optical and mechanical properties and are highly anticipated to overcome the technical limitations imposed by traditional bulky NLO materials. However, the atomic scale interaction length and low conversion efficiency in TMD materials prevent their further implementation in NLO applications. While some uniaxial strain-engineering studies intensively investigated the anisotropic SHG response in TMDs, they did not realize giant SHG enhancement by exploiting the opto-mechanical characteristics. Herein, we employ proton (H+) irradiation to successfully fabricate large pressurized monolayer TMD domes (d ≥ 10 μm) and conduct a comprehensive investigation and characterization of their SHG performance enhancement. We show that the intensity of SHG is effectively enhanced by around two orders of magnitude at room temperature. Such giant enhancement arises from the distinct separation distance induced by capped pressurized gas and the hemi-spherical morphology, enabling constructive optical interference. Moreover, the unique divergent strain field in TMD domes promotes the first experimental study on the anisotropic nonlinear optical behavior based on biaxial strain conditions in terms of varying strain orientation and relative weights. Our work demonstrates a promising system with enhanced NLO performance and well-preserved biocompatibility, paving a way toward the future nano-scaled quantum optics design and biomedical applications.
Multipole polarization assisted optical bistability in a semiconductor quantum dot/metal nanoparticle hybrid molecule
Authors: Zhao Wenhao , Long Linwen , Guo Qingqing , Peng Yuxiang , Li Jianbo , Xiao Si , Liang Shan , He Mengdong , Chen Liqun
Published: May 2023

We theoretically study the optical bistability assisted by multipole polarizations in a semiconductor quantum dot (SQD)/metal nanoparticle (MNP) hybrid molecule. We map out bistability phase diagrams within the parameter subspace spanned by (the pumping intensity Ipu, interparticle distance, d) under dipole and multipole approximations. It is shown that the Ipu-correlated bistable region will be broadened greatly in the strong exciton–plasmon coupling regime, and the corresponding lower (upper) bistable threshold is enlarged significantly due to multipole polarization (N = 10) in comparison to that in the dipole approximation (N = 1). However, under the same conditions, the d-correlated bistable region is shrunk at high pump intensities. Our contribution not only offers a better understanding of exciton–plasmon coupling systems but also expands the application of SQD/MNP hybrid molecules in the field of optical bistable nanodevices.
Laser light absorption and Brewster angle on liquid metal
Authors: Volpp Joerg
Published: May 2023

Laser light absorption occurs in all laser-based processes and is, therefore, of importance for process simulation input, parameter optimization, and understanding of the occurring phenomena, such as melt pool flow or vaporization effects. Theoretical models were successful in predicting metal absorption for certain cases but often fail in high-temperature situations due to unknown impacts of occurring effects, such as surface irregularities or contaminations. Measuring absorption at high temperatures is challenging, and there are limited literature data available on values further above melting temperatures of metals. In this work, a radiometric measurement method is used to derive absorption values at high temperatures. The results show shifted values from Fresnel predictions and absorption peaks at comparably low incident angles. The decreasing absorption tendency at low incident angles was shown to be possibly induced by multi-interface absorption effects caused by surface layering and Knudsen layer effects. Surface layering was seen to be able to induce a very low Brewster angle comparable to the observations in the measurements and is, therefore, seen as a possible dominant factor in absorption at elevated temperatures.
Sensitivity of a DC SQUID with a non-sinusoidal current-phase relation in its junctions
Authors: Prance J. R. , Thompson M. D.
Published: May 2023

In ballistic superconductor–normal metal–superconductor Josephson junctions, such as those made from graphene or high mobility semiconductors, the current-phase relation may not have the common, sinusoidal form but can be skewed to have a peak supercurrent at a phase difference greater than π/2. Here, we use a numerical simulation that includes thermal noise to investigate the sensitivity of a DC superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) with such junctions. The simulation uses a resistively and capacitively shunted junction model where the current-phase relation of each junction can be defined as an arbitrary function. The modulation, transfer function, noise, and sensitivity of a SQUID are calculated for different types of current-phase relation. For the examples considered here, we find that the flux sensitivity of the SQUID is always degraded by forward skewing of the current-phase relation, even in cases where the transfer function of the SQUID has been improved.
Synthesis of high resistive two-dimensional nonlayered Cr2S3 nanoflakes with stable phosphorus dopants by chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Fan Xiulian , Zou Luwei , Chu Wenlong , Wang Li , Zhou Yu
Published: May 2023

Heteroatom doping and surface passivation for the nonlayered two-dimensional materials could tune their band structures for the application of electronic and optoelectronic devices. Herein, we report the exploration for a stable synthesis strategy of phosphorous doping in the nonlayered Cr2S3 nanoflakes via chemical vapor deposition. Single crystalline ultrathin P-doped Cr2S3 nanoflakes were achieved by tuning the hydrogen gas and sample–source distance, reaching a lateral size of 10–50 μm and a thickness down to 4 nm. The elemental characterization was confirmed with surface P-S and P-O bonds and bulk P-Cr bonds, indicating the surface passivation and lattice incorporation of P atoms. More importantly, the electrical resistivity of P-doped Cr2S3 nanoflakes was demonstrated to be 104 times compared to that of intrinsic Cr2S3, which could be explained by the liftup of Fermi level and surface passivation. Our work highlights phosphorous doping nonlayered Cr2S3 as tuning the electronic structure for achieving more intrinsic resistive samples. The heteroatom doping and surface passivation introduce a rational route for realizing the controllable electronic properties and provide more application potentials in the 2D electronic devices.
Phase noise analysis of mutually synchronized spin Hall nano-oscillators
Authors: Litvinenko Artem , Kumar Akash , Rajabali Mona , Awad Ahmad A. , Khymyn Roman , Åkerman Johan
Published: May 2023

The reduction in phase noise in electronic systems is of utmost importance in modern communication and signal processing applications and requires an understanding of the underlying physical processes. Here, we systematically study the phase noise in mutually synchronized chains of nano-constriction spin Hall nano-oscillators (SHNOs). We find that longer chains have improved phase noise figures at low offset frequencies (1/f noise), where chains of two and ten mutually synchronized SHNOs have 2.8 and 6.2 dB lower phase noise than single SHNOs. This is close to the theoretical values of 3 and 10 dB, and the deviation is ascribed to process variations between nano-constrictions. However, at higher offset frequencies (thermal noise), the phase noise unexpectedly increases with chain length, which we ascribe to process variations, a higher operating temperature in the long chains at the same drive current and phase delays in the coupling between nano-constrictions.
Learning and development needs for successful staff and consumer partnerships on healthcare quality improvement committees: a co-produced cross-sectional online survey
Authors: Cox Ruth , Kendall Melissa , Molineux Matthew , Tanner Bernadette , Miller Elizabeth
Published: May 2023

Objectives This study aimed to conduct a learning and development needs analysis of quality improvement partnership capabilities of staff and consumers on partnership committees at an Australian metropolitan hospital and health service. Objectives were to compare consumer and staff self-rated capability importance, performance, and learning needs; to investigate if years of partnership experience influenced ratings; and to ascertain staff and consumer preferred learning strategies. Methods An online cross-sectional survey was adapted from the Hennessy–Hicks Training Needs Analysis questionnaire. Participants self-rated the importance of, and their performance on, 10 capabilities, across four domains, of an internationally validated co-produced capability development framework. They also rated preferences regarding learning approaches and media. Results A total of 199 members from 41 committees (174 staff; 25 consumers; response rate 35.38%) participated. There was a statistically significant learning and development need across all capabilities (P < 0.01). The highest learning need was for influencing organisational systems and policy (mean = −0.96; s.d. = 1.23), followed by equalising power and leadership (mean = −0.91; s.d. = 1.22), and then implementing partnership best practices (mean = −0.89; s.d. = 1.22). There were no statistically significant differences between consumers and staff on ratings, or correlations between years of partnership experience and ratings (P < 0.01). A combination of learning approaches was preferred, followed by learning through experience. Self-reflection was least preferred, which is concerning given it may promote equalising power and leadership. Face-to-face then videoconferencing were the preferred learning media. Conclusions Continuous co-learning for staff and consumers about QI partnerships is essential. Committee members needed more feedback regarding their influence and to be engaged in innovative co-design practices.
17β-estradiol promotes extracellular vesicle release and selective miRNA loading in ERα-positive breast cancer
Authors: Drula Rares , Pardini Barbara , Fu Xiao , De los Santos Mireia Cruz , Jurj Ancuta , Pang Lan , El-Daly Sherien M. , Fabris Linda , Knutsen Erik , Dragomir Mihnea P. , Bayraktar Recep , Li Yongfeng , Chen Meng , Del Vecchio Filippo , Berland Léa , Dae Jessica , Fan Daniel , Shimizu Masayoshi , Tran Anh M. , Barzi Mercedes , Pioppini Carlotta , Gutierrez Angelica M. , Ivan Cristina , Meas Salyna , Hall Carolyn S. , Alahari Suresh K. , Berindan-Neagoe Ioana , Fabbri Muller , Lucci Anthony , Arun Banu , Anfossi Simone , Calin George A.
Published: May 2023

The causes and consequences of abnormal biogenesis of extracellular vesicles (EVs) are not yet well understood in malignancies, including in breast cancers (BCs). Given the hormonal signaling dependence of estrogen receptor–positive (ER+) BC, we hypothesized that 17β-estradiol (estrogen) might influence EV production and microRNA (miRNA) loading. We report that physiological doses of 17β-estradiol promote EV secretion specifically from ER+ BC cells via inhibition of miR-149-5p, hindering its regulatory activity on SP1, a transcription factor that regulates the EV biogenesis factor nSMase2. Additionally, miR-149-5p downregulation promotes hnRNPA1 expression, responsible for the loading of let-7’s miRNAs into EVs. In multiple patient cohorts, we observed increased levels of let-7a-5p and let-7d-5p in EVs derived from the blood of premenopausal ER+ BC patients, and elevated EV levels in patients with high BMI, both conditions associated with higher levels of 17β-estradiol. In brief, we identified a unique estrogen-driven mechanism by which ER+ BC cells eliminate tumor suppressor miRNAs in EVs, with effects on modulating tumor-associated macrophages in the microenvironment.
Emotional (in)stability: Neuroticism is associated with increased variability in negative emotion after all
Authors: Mader Nina , Arslan Ruben C. , Schmukle Stefan C. , Rohrer Julia M.
Published: May 2023

The personality trait neuroticism is tightly linked to mental health, and neurotic people experience stronger negative emotions in everyday life. But, do their negative emotions also show greater fluctuation? This commonsensical notion was recently questioned by [Kalokerinos
et al.
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
112, 15838–15843 (2020)], who suggested that the associations found in previous studies were spurious. Less neurotic people often report very low levels of negative emotion, which is usually measured with bounded rating scales. Therefore, they often pick the lowest possible response option, which severely constrains the amount of emotional variability that can be observed in principle. Applying a multistep statistical procedure that is supposed to correct for this dependency, [Kalokerinos
et al.
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
112, 15838–15843 (2020)] no longer found an association between neuroticism and emotional variability. However, like other common approaches for controlling for undesirable effects due to bounded scales, this method is opaque with respect to the assumed mechanism of data generation and might not result in a successful correction. We thus suggest an alternative approach that a) takes into account that emotional states outside of the scale bounds can occur and b) models associations between neuroticism and both the mean and variability of emotion in a single step with the help of Bayesian censored location-scale models. Simulations supported this model over alternative approaches. We analyzed 13 longitudinal datasets (2,518 individuals and 11,170 measurements in total) and found clear evidence that more neurotic people experience greater variability in negative emotion.