bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Copying Strategies in People with Different Time Perspectives
Authors: Kolchik E. Yu.
Published: December 2022

The article defines the concepts of time perspective and vision of the future, as well as the relationship between them. A review of foreign and domestic publications revealed the main approaches to adversity, copying, and various classifications of protective behavior. The study involved 49 women and 35 men aged 24–54 y.o., who found themselves in a difficult life situation: all respondents had to leave their permanent place of residence because of a direct threat to their life and health. The empirical research used R. Lazarus’s methodology for diagnosing the copying strategies and F. Zymbardo’s time perspective method. The copying strategies appeared to correspond to different time perspectives. The respondents with a negative past fixation chose confrontation, social support, escape, and avoidance. The respondents with a positive past fixation preferred to plan their problem solutions. The respondents who focused on the present turned to social support and positive reassessment. Those focused on the future accepted their responsibility, planned their solutions, and were prone to positive reassessment. The results were statistically confirmed using the Mann-Whitney U-test. Time perspective proved to be an important intrapersonal resource in psychotherapeutic work with disadvantaged patients.
Assessing the Impacts of Population Relocation Induced by Future Sea-Level Rise Scenarios on Transportation Systems in Coastal Communities
Authors: Gomaa Mohammed M
Published: December 2022

Coastal communities will be more vulnerable to floods in low-lying areas and seawater inundation as the sea level rises. Users will have to take a detour to use alternate roads while the vulnerable roads are closed, increasing travel time. A large amount of literature has been focused on addressing climate change and sea-level rise impacts, vulnerability, economic evaluation, and adaptation. However, few studies have been conducted to study the impacts of population dynamics due to sea level rise within future transportation network modeling. This study aims to identify the future transportation infrastructure in the 2035 model that is vulnerable to a two-foot sea level rise in the Tampa Bay Region, Florida. The impacts of these changes have been considered within three different relocation scenarios for the affected population in the inundated zones. This analysis uses the two-foot Mean Higher High-Level water surface data and the digital elevation data provided by NOAA for 2035. The findings of this study reveal how different sea level rise scenarios could affect the future estimates of the transportation system and could potentially inform future transportation planning decisions. The analysis found that approximately 358 lane miles of highway links will be inundated. Moreover, the number of trips produced, and the amount of congestion generated with each scenario were dependent on the population and employment relocation. The key recommendation of this research is to incorporate the potential impacts of population relocation due to sea level rise into transportation modeling. Generally, different scenarios for relocating population and employment generate new traffic demands, which could result in traffic congestion. Thus, transportation planners should simulate future sea level rise scenarios and evaluate their impact on the current transportation system. Findings from this study could help transportation planners and decision-makers identify the locations and transportation facilities that are most vulnerable to rising sea levels, allowing them to make more informed decisions about adaptation planning.
Living on water and land
Authors: Vildosola Gabriela
Published: December 2022

Loreto, the largest Amazonian region in Peru, is home to more than 200,000  inhabitants that live in traditional riverside rural communities adapted to an amphibious lifestyle, with houses that rise or float on the river in times of flooding and perch on the dried riverbed in low water times. Nevertheless, these amphibious communities are not exclusive to rural areas. Iquitos, the largest city of Loreto, is surrounded by alluvial plains, where more than 90,000 people live on the water and bring a rich social, cultural, and environmental vibrancy to the regions. However, poor infrastructure conditions and limited resources in this communities affect the ecosystem and the population's health. The objective of this qualitative study was to understand the physical, sociocultural, and environmental conditions in which these amphibious communities live and identify the political, legal, and cultural barriers that prevent their healthy urban development. Data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews, surveys, and observation of physical and environmental conditions. The results suggest conflicts in the formalization processes of theses informal communities, from administrative and legal aspects to a limited definition of habitable territory. We identified the benefits of the current urban-architectural conditions of these communities, whose housing typologies, adapted to the seasonal change of the rivers, may provide a alternative model to adapt with resilience to the impacts of climate change and sea level rise. We also identified challenges in sanitation, accessibility, public space, and strengthe of community networks, as well as challenges in the response of the government whose proposals for relocation of the amphibious communities have not fully considered these communities' economic, social, and cultural values.
The history of the fight against corruption in the United States
Authors: Borisov Vladimir Konstantinovich , Chepurnykh Sergei Romanovich
Published: December 2022

The relevance of the article is due to the significance of the problem of corruption for the modern world. According to the latest United Nations estimates, the annual volume of bribes in all countries is estimated at a trillion dollars. Due to corruption, the state loses about 2.6 trillion dollars. To combat corruption, almost every country has an anti-corruption policy, which means the activities of public authorities at different levels, public organizations and citizens aimed at preventing and combating corruption. Today, the problem of conducting a truly effective anti-corruption policy is quite acute for most states. Thus, over the past decade, 154 out of 180 countries have shown negative dynamics or remained at the same level in the Corruption Perception Index. In this regard, there is a need to study the experience of fighting corruption in different countries. The American experience deserves special study. It was the United States of America that became one of the first count
Collembola Communities, 20 Years After the Establishment of Distinct Revegetation Treatments in a Severely Eroded Area in South Iceland
Authors: Kapinga Esther , Óskarsson Hlynur , Halldórsson Guðmundur , Sturludóttir Erla , Holmstrup Martin
Published: December 2022

Several restoration methods have been developed to aid ecosystem development from highly degraded Icelandic deserts into fully vegetated functional ecosystems. Despite the critical role of soil biota in many key ecosystem processes, the effect of restoration efforts on soil biota has rarely been explored. We took advantage of a large-scale restoration field experiment, to study the effect of distinct revegetation treatments on the taxonomic and functional composition of Collembola communities. Soil samples were taken from plots (one ha. each), that had received functionally distinct revegetation treatments; i: grass + fertilizer, ii: birch seedlings, iii: willow cuttings, iv: lupine and v: control. We were able to show that different revegetation treatments led to the establishment of distinct collembola communities in terms of density and taxonomic and functional composition, 20 years after the revegetation process had started. Life-forms were responsive to revegetation treatment, which suggests that the treatments had induced successional trajectories that lead to distinct habitat conditions, especially with respect to abiotic stress. In contrast to literature, eu-edaphic species were dominating in plots, which were exposed to high levels of disturbance and fluctuations in abiotic conditions. Further research is needed to unravel, to which extent resource supply and abiotic habitat conditions steer Collembola community development across successional trajectories.
Microplastic in the Soil Environment – Classification and Sources in Relation to Research Conducted in Poland
Authors: Kisiel Monik , Poniatowska Agnieszka , Kaliszewicz Anita
Published: December 2022

In less than a century, plastics have gained enormous popularity and it is now difficult for us to imagine our lives without them. They are very widely used in industry, agriculture, medicine and many others, mainly due to their stability and low production costs - which contribute to a steady increase in demand worldwide. They biodegrade very slowly, and the limited and inappropriate recovery of this raw material from waste has led to a visible accumulation of residual polymers in the environment. As a result of physical, chemical and biological processes, e.g., ultraviolet (UV) radiation, weathering or mechanical abrasion, plastics degrade to fine particles - those less than 5 mm in size are called microplastics. They can be found in the natural environment in various morphological forms, e.g., as fibres, granules, scraps, spheres, particles or fragments, e.g., film, of primary or secondary origin. The presence of microplastics has been found all over the world, in all environments. Only recently has there been a broader focus on microplastics, which includes terrestrial systems where soils are an important part of the environment potentially exposed to contamination. Their main source in soils may be within agriculture (where composts, organic fertilizers, sewage sludge and mulching, as well as irrigation are used) plus transport, landfills and the deposition of atmospheric pollutants.
Report on the 16th National Scientific Conference in the “Humanistic Ecology” Series: “Man for the City – the City for Man” (Warsaw, 26 October 2022)
Authors: Sadowski Ryszard F.
Published: December 2022

The abstract is not available for the report.
Öğretmen ve Öğrencilerin eTwinning Proje Uygulamalarına İlişkin Görüşleri
Authors: Karataş Fatma Rümeysa , Öztay Elif Selcan
Published: December 2022

Ağ tabanlı öğrenme ortamı olan eTwinning, öğretmen ve öğrencilere yenilikçi, işbirlikçi, ortak çalışmalar yapabilme fırsatı sunar. Bu araştırmada eTwinning platformunda yapılan projelerin öğretmen ve öğrenci açısından katkıları hakkında görüşlerinin alınması amaçlanmaktadır. eTwinning projelerinin katkıları iletişim, iş birliği, yaygınlaştırma, müfredatla uyum, disiplinler arası geçiş, web 2.0 araçlarının kullanımı gibi faktörler bakımından ele alınmıştır. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması olarak yürütülen araştırmanın örneklemini ölçüt örneklem yoluyla seçilen 3 öğretmen, 4 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme yoluyla toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler betimsel analiz yöntemi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Veriler kodlara ayrılarak frekansları ile birlikte tablolaştırılmıştır. eTwinning projeleri yapan öğretmen ve öğrenciler bu projelerin farklı açılardan olumlu kazanımlarının olduğunu ifade etmişlerdir. Öğrenciler için dijital gelişim, dil-iletişim, iş birliği, özgüven, kendini ifade etme becerilerinin geliştiği, öğretmenler için de mesleki anlamda büyük farklılıklar oluşturduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. eTwinning projelerini gözlemleyerek süreci aşamalarıyla aktaran yeni çalışmalara yer verilmelidir.
Bioinformatics Paradigms in Drug Discovery and Drug Development
Authors: Gupta Vikas , Sharma Ravinder , Kaur Gunpreet , Bansal Parveen , Chawla Viney
Published: December 2022

Despite breakthroughs in medical sciences, drug development remains a timeconsuming,
expensive, challenging, and inefficient process with a high failure rate for novel therapeutic
discoveries. Bioinformatics analysis can speed up drug target identification, drug candidate
screening, and refining, but it can also help characterise adverse effects and anticipate drug resistance.
Integrated genomics, proteomics, and bioinformatics have resulted in potent new tactics
for resolving numerous biochemical problems and establishing new methodologies that result in
new biomedical products. As a result, a new research trend emerged to demonstrate the mechanism
of therapeutic action, forecast drug resistance, and uncover biomarkers for various disorders. The
development of new medications is a complicated procedure. There are two basic approaches to
drug design: ligand-based drug design and structure-based drug design. The study of protein structure
and function was essential for drug development. Current techniques based on combinatorial
approaches such as proteomics, genomics, bioinformatics, molecular docking, and mass spectrometry
were applied. This article provides an overview of the combinatorial techniques of proteomics,
genomics, and bioinformatics that aid in understanding the drug-creation process.
Environmental representations amid the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Simpen I Wayan , Sudewa I Ketut , Adni Nissa Puspitaning
Published: December 2022

The lingual representation intended in this paper is the presence of a number of language units, both in the form of words, combinations of words, sentences, and expressions during the COVID-19 pandemic. As is known, that since the end of 2019 or the beginning of 2020 the world has been hit by the corona virus outbreak or commonly called covid-19. The virus has spread almost all over the world, including Indonesia and claimed millions of human lives. To overcome, overcome, and rehabilitate this virus and its effects, the government implements health protocols. Prokes contains government policies that regulate the living system of society in the midst of the spread of the corona virus or often called the new normal life order (New Normal Life). Living in the midst of the spread of covid-19 is a very foreign and new life for humans because that life has never been thought of and experienced before. This environmental change has a significant impact on the way the world community speaks, including Indonesia and Bali.
Indications, Safety, Efficacy and Survival Benefit of Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy in Patients With Advanced Gastric Cancer
Authors: PARASKEVA AIKATERINI , TRIANTAFYLLIDIS ALEXANDROS , KAZANTZI MARIA , THEODOSOPOULOS THEODOSIOS
Published: December 2022

Background/Aim: Advanced gastric cancer remains a significant concern for the medical community mostly due to the locoregional extension of the disease. Most commonly, stomach neoplasms are resectable, but not curable, due to the elevated percentage of peritoneal dissemination after gastrectomy and extensive lymph node dissection. Locoregional intraperitoneal chemotherapy plays a pivotal role in overall survival and prognosis of patients with advanced gastric cancer and shows a high probability of peritoneal dissemination after gastrectomy. In this review, we aimed to collect and present literature data concerning intraperitoneal chemotherapy in advanced stages of gastric cancer as well as evaluate the safety and survival benefit of the procedure. Materials and Methods: We conducted a survey including all randomized controlled trials and clinical trials that were published in the last 30 years. The keywords used were: advanced gastric cancer, intraperitoneal chemotherapy and peritoneal carcinomatosis. We searched for clinical trials in Pubmed, Embase databases and the Cochrane library. Inclusion criteria were: patients with advanced gastric cancer with no macroscopical signs of peritoneal dissemination, who were treated with D2 gastrectomy and received one or more cycles of intraperitoneal chemotherapy. The final review included 20 articles. Results: The safety of intraperitoneal chemotherapy, as well as the survival benefit of patients were evaluated. The majority of articles denoted that intraperitoneal chemotherapy is a safe procedure without severe or lethal complications. The majority of complications were hematological while non-hematologic complications were also noted. A survival benefit with statistically significant results (p<0.05) was observed in 6 out of 10 randomized controlled trials. Conclusion: Intraperitoneal chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer is a safe procedure with promising results regarding survival benefit and prognosis. Further patient evaluation is required in order to standardize the type of chemotherapeutic agent and the sufficient dose and cycles for the most appropriate results.
Skeletal Muscle Loss During Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Predicts the Incidence of Postoperative Infectious Complications in Esophageal Cancer Patients Undergoing Esophagectomy
Authors: HIGASHIZONO KAZUYA , SATO SHINSUKE , NAKATANI EIJI , HAWKE PHILIP , NAGAI ERINA , TAKI YUSUKE , NISHIDA MASATO , WATANABE MASAYA , OBA NORIYUKI
Published: December 2022

Background/Aim: Malnutrition, immune deficiency, and skeletal muscle loss are associated with a risk of postoperative complications in patients with various types of cancer. This study evaluated whether malnutrition, immunological deficiencies, and skeletal muscle loss during neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) predict postoperative complications in patients with esophageal cancer. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 123 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma treated with NAC and esophagectomy at our hospital between 2014 and 2019. Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of postoperative infectious complications, such as pneumonia, anastomotic leakage, surgical site infections, pyothorax, acalculous cholecystitis, and peripheral phlebitis. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and Onodera prognostic nutritional index were used as indicators of systemic inflammation and nutritional status. Skeletal muscle mass was evaluated using the skeletal muscle index (SMI), calculated by evaluating the total cross-sectional area of muscle tissue at the third lumbar level in computed tomography imaging. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify predictors of postoperative infectious complications. Results: Postoperative infectious complications occurred in 41 patients (33.3%). A reduction in SMI was observed in 105 patients (87.8%) during NAC. Univariable and multivariable analyses indicated that the reduction in SMI during NAC was an independent predictor of postoperative complications (odds ratio=0.89; 95% confidence interval=0.79-0.99; p=0.048). Conclusion: Skeletal muscle loss during NAC is a useful predictor of postoperative complications in patients with esophageal cancer undergoing esophagectomy.
Clinical Outcomes of Definitive Chemoradiotherapy for Cervical Esophageal Cancer
Authors: TASAKI YUTARO , YAMAZAKI TAKUYA , MIYAZAKI SHUHEI , TAKEDA TATSUYA , NAKATAKE MIKA , TAKAHIRA ASUKA , HONDA KOICHI , NAKAMURA DAISUKE , EGAWA AKIKO , ASHIZAWA KAZUTO
Published: December 2022

Background/Aim: To investigate the clinical outcomes of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in patients with cervical esophageal carcinoma and analyze the prognostic factors. Patients and Methods: Thirty-nine patients with cervical esophageal carcinoma were retrospectively identified among consecutive patients who received CCRT between November 2009 and September 2019 at our institution. The patients were treated by intensity-modulated radiation therapy (N=13) or three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (N=26). Results: The median follow-up period was 35 months (range=2-158 months). There were 32 men and 7 women with a median age of 66 years (range=50-83 years). Clinical stages were I in 6 patients, II in 4, III in 19, and IV in 10. Hypopharyngeal invasion was noted in 8 patients. The initial treatment responses were evaluated 3-6 weeks after the final session of CCRT: a complete response (CR) in 24 patients, a partial response (PR) in 13, and stable disease (SD) in 2. Two- and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 73.8 and 59.4%, respectively. Two- and 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 57.8 and 48.0%, respectively. A univariate analysis identified the initial treatment response (CR or non-CR) as a significant factor for OS (p=0.0002) and PFS (p=0.0026). The CR rate was 81.0% in patients with T1-3 and 33.3% in those with T4 (p=0.0038). Conclusion: Patients with cervical esophageal carcinoma in Nagasaki University Hospital in Japan achieved superior outcomes compared with previous studies. CR rate was higher in patients with T1-3 and correlated with better OS.
Incidental Gastric Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis and Synchronous Adenocarcinoma of the Colon: An Interesting Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: MORA LINDA B. , HOUGH MORGAN , MOSCINSKI LYNN , GOMEZ JUSTIN , COPPOLA DOMENICO
Published: December 2022

Background/Aim: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is an uncommon disorder characterized by an abnormal monoclonal proliferation of pathologic Langerhans cells. The clinical presentation of LCH is very unpredictable, ranging from single-system limited disease to severe multi-organ disease with a high mortality rate. LCH usually affects children and very rarely adults. The most common body parts affected by LCH are the bones, skin, lungs, pituitary glands, and lymph nodes. Gastrointestinal tract involvement by LCH is exceptionally rare, and only a few cases have been reported. Case Report: We present the case of a 50-year-old woman who was referred to our clinic by her primary care physician for an upper endoscopy and colonoscopy and was diagnosed with H. pylori–related gastritis and a synchronous gastric LCH and primary colonic adenocarcinoma. We describe the histologic characteristics and clinical implications of the LCH diagnosis. A review of the published literature revealed that LCH presenting as a gastric solitary lesion is rare. Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of recognizing this rare condition to ensure proper patient follow-up.
Pathological Complete Response to Preoperative Nivolumab Plus Cabozantinib for Renal Cell Carcinoma With Inferior Vena Cava Thrombus: A Case Report
Authors: MACHIDA ARISA , IKARASHI DAIKI , YANAGAWA NAOKI , SUZUK MASAMICHI , KAWAMURA TATSUYA , SEKIGUCHI KIE , TAKAHASHI KENTA , KATO RENPEI , MATSURA TOMOHIKO , MAEKAWA SHIGEKATSU , KANEHIRA MITSUGU , TAKATA RYO , SUGAI TAMOTSU , OBARA WATARU
Published: December 2022

Background/Aim: Surgical treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombus is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates, therefore presurgical systemic therapies are required in order to improve the safety and feasibility of the surgical procedure by decreasing the thrombus level and burden. The efficacy of presurgical combination therapy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) for advanced renal cell carcinoma with IVC thrombus remains unclear. Case Report: We report a case of a 69-year-old male with cT3bN0M0 locally advanced RCC. We successfully performed a less invasive nephrectomy with thrombectomy, because nivolumab plus cabozantinib administration remarkably reduced the primary tumor and IVC thrombus, resulting in complete pathological response, as assessed with perioperative immunohistochemistry. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report showing that nephrectomy could be safely performed for RCC with IVC thrombus after presurgical nivolumab plus cabozantinib therapy, leading to pathological complete response.
NESNELERİN İNTERNETİ AĞLARINDA TIKANIKLIK KONTROL MEKANİZMALARI İLE RPL AMAÇ FONKSİYONLARININ KARŞILIKLI PERFORMANS ANALİZİ
Authors: SÖYÜ Rıdvan , DEMİR Alper Kamil , ÖZEL Selma Ayşe
Published: December 2022

Fiziksel nesnelerin duyargalar ve yazılımlar aracılığıyla sürekli olarak haberleşmesini sağlamak için geliştirilen Nesnelerin İnterneti (IoT) teknolojileri gün geçtikçe hayatımıza daha fazla girmektedir. Ancak, IoT ağları henüz IP ağlarındaki gibi standartlara sahip değildir. Bu ağlar için mevcut protokollerin ne kadar yeterli olduğu ve yeni protokollere ihtiyaç olup olmadığı hala araştırma konusudur. Tıkanıklık kontrolü de bu konulardan biri olup, IoT ağlarındaki sürekli ve yoğun bilgi akışından dolayı büyük öneme sahiptir. IoT ağlarında IP ağlarının aksine UDP tercih edildiğinden tıkanıklık kontrolü uygulama katmanında CoAP tarafından yapılır. Literatürde farklı CoAP tıkanıklık kontrol mekanizmaların karşılaştırıldığı performans analizleri bulunsa da CoAP tıkanıklık kontrol mekanizmaları ile yönlendirme protokolü RPL'in farklı amaç fonksiyonları arasındaki ilişkiyi ve performansa etkisini inceleyen bir çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışma kapsamında farklı protokoller kullanılarak tasarlanan ağ yığını kombinasyonları Cooja benzetim ortamında araştırılmıştır. İstemci sayısının 3 ve 9, paket teslim oranı değerinin ise %80, %90 ve %100 olarak alındığı tüm benzetimlerden elde edilen ortalama gecikme ve işlem hacmi metrikleri incelendiğinde Objective Function 0 (OF0)’ın, Minimum Rank of Hysteresis Objective Function (MRHOF) algoritmasına göre daha iyi performans gösterdiğini ve CoCoA Strong'un en iyi performans gösteren tıkanıklık kontrolü mekanizması olduğu görülmüştür.
THE EFFECTS OF CONSTRUCTION WASTE ON CLIMATE CHANGE: IS A MORE GREEN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY POSSIBLE?
Authors: ÖZTÜRK KARDOĞAN Pınar , ERDAĞ Ahmet
Published: December 2022

Due to the increasing population, the rapid consumption of natural resources has revealed the necessity of protecting nature from people. Increasing building stock due to population growth has triggered climate change. The energy and natural resources consumed during production in the construction sector have created important environmental problems such as global warming and climate change in the sector. Greenhouse gas emissions caused by construction materials can be considered as one of the main causes of climate change problems and emphasizes the necessity of considering environmental effects. Greenhouse gas is one of the most important factors affecting the ecological environment and climate change, as it is one of the gases with the highest carbon dioxide emission rate. Concrete and steel used in the construction industry are among the materials that have a negative impact on climate change. This study revealed the effects of waste materials used in the construction industry on the problem of climate change and the importance of promoting the efficient use of energy resources for the management of this problem. In addition, this study emphasized the importance of focusing on sustainable structures in order to leave a cleaner and healthier environment for future generations, and that priority should be given to developing environmentally friendly materials.
METEOROLOJİK PARAMETRELERİN HAVA KİRLİLİĞİNE ETKİSİNİN İSTATİSTİKSEL ANALİZİ – MUŞ İLİ (2021)
Authors: YILMAZ Zinnur
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de 2020 yılında en fazla hava kirliliğinin görüldüğü şehir olan Muş il merkezine ait bazı meteorolojik parametreler ile kükürt dioksit (SO2) ve çapı 10 mikrometreden küçük partikül madde (PM10) değeri arasındaki ilişkilerin istatistiksel olarak araştırılmasını amaçlamaktadır. Bu nedenle çalışmada, varyans analizi (ANOVA), korelasyon ve regresyon modellerinden yararlanılmıştır. Muş il merkezinde 2021’de ortalama PM10 değeri 90.21 µg m-3 ve SO2 değeri ise 9.04 µg m-3 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Yapılan istatistiksel analizlerin sonuçlarına göre; ortalama PM10 değerleri Ocak, Mart, Ekim ve Kasım ayları ile diğer aylar arasında bir fark olduğu, SO2 değerlerinde ise Ocak, Şubat, Mayıs, Temmuz, Kasım ve Aralık ile diğer aylar arasında %95 güven aralığında anlamlı farkların olduğu görülmektedir. Pearson korelasyon analizi sonuçlarına göre, PM10 seviyelerinin değişimlerinde basınç (pozitif), sıcaklık ve rüzgar hızı (negatif) ile SO2 parametresinde ise en etkili değişkenin sıcaklık (negatif) ve nem (pozitif) etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. PM10 ve SO2’in tahmin edilebilmesi için meteorolojik değişkenlere göre regresyon modelleri oluşturulmuş ve modeller, PM10 parametresinin %23’ünü, SO2’nin ise ancak %54 oranında açıklanabilmektedir. Ayrıca Muş’ta hava kirliliği, sıcaklığın düşük olduğu zamanlarda PM10 ve SO2 değerlerinin yüksek düzeylerde olmasından dolayı öncelikle ısınmadan kaynaklı olduğu, PM10 ve SO2 seviyelerinin birbiriyle etkileşimi açısından korelasyon katsayısına bakıldığında yüksek bir ilişkiye (r=0.625) sahip olduğu sonucuna varılmaktadır.
EFFECT OF SINTERING TEMPERATURE TO MICROSTRUCTURE IN METAL BINDER JETTING
Authors: GÜRGEN Mert , KAYACAN Cengiz
Published: December 2022

Metal Binder Jetting emerged and it has been developing an additive manufacturing method. Binder type, binder ratio, sintering process, and atmosphere couldn’t be transparently determined due to its development stage. In this study, effect of sintering temperature was investigated parts’ microstructure which manufactured by Binder Jetting Metal Additive Manufacturing. In manufacturing, SS316L metal powder used as a raw material, ultraviolet light cured and solid+fluid catalyzed cured resins used as binder. For solid+liquid catalyzed cured resin, furfuryl alcohol was selected as liquid binder, para toluene sulfonic acid was selected as solid catalyst. Isopropyl alcohol was used to dilute the ultraviolet light cured resin. The composition ratios and electron diffraction patterns of the samples were analyzed using optical and scanning electron microscopy.
HİBRİT YAKIT HÜCRESİ-PV DESTEKLİ BİR TRAMVAYIN EKONOMİK İŞLETİMİ
Authors: ŞENGÖR İbrahim , ÇİÇEK Alper
Published: December 2022

Raylı sistemler büyük nüfusa sahip şehirlerde ulaşım sorununun çözülmesi için önemli bir çözüm aracı olarak görülmektedir. Fakat bu sistemlerde kullanılan tramvaylar küçümsenmeyecek kadar büyük güç tüketimine sahiptirler. Ayrıca bu araçların güç tüketimleri tramvay sayısı ve yolcu sayısı gibi çeşitli etmenlerden dolayı değişkenlik gösterdiği için raylı sistemin ekonomik işletiminin sağlanması ve güç sisteminin güvenilir bir şekilde idare edilmesi çok kolay olmayabilir. Bu bağlamda bu çalışmada çatısına fotovoltaik (PV) sistem dahil edilen ve ayrıca elektrolizör, hidrojen tankı, kompresör ve yakıt hücresinden oluşan hidrojen enerji sistemi ile entegre edilen bir tramvayın optimum enerji yönetim modeli açıklanmaktadır. Çalışmada tramvay ve hidrojen enerji sistemi için elektrik şebekesinden dinamik elektrik fiyatları ile enerji satın alınmaktadır. Önerilen modelin etkinliğini göstermek amacıyla gerçekleştirilen çeşitli durum çalışmalarında İstanbul’da bir tramvay hattının gerçek işletimi dikkate alınarak elde edilen güç profili kullanılmaktadır. Durum çalışmalarından elde edilen sonuçlara göre önerilen yapı toplam elektrik satın alma maliyetini önemli miktarda düşürebilmektedir. Maliyetleri düşürmede sırasıyla dinamik elektrik fiyatları, PV sistem ve hidrojen enerji sisteminin etkin olduğu görülmektedir. Dinamik elektrik fiyatları elektrik satın alma maliyetinde yaklaşık olarak %13’lük iyileşme sağlarken, tramvay üzerine yerleştirilen PV sistem ile toplam maliyet yaklaşık olarak %3 oranında azaltılabilmektedir.
TOZ AKTİF KARBONUN NİTRİK ASİT VE SÜLFONİK ASİT İLE KİMYASAL MODİFİKASYONU VE KARAKTERİZASYONU
Authors: AYKUT ŞENEL Betül , KAPLAN BEKAROĞLU Şehnaz Şule , ATEŞ Nuray
Published: December 2022

Kirleticilerin giderimi için adsorpsiyon prosesinde aktif karbon yaygın olarak kullanılan adsorbenttir. Aktif karbonun adsorpsiyon kapasitesini arttırmak için fiziksel, kimyasal ve biyolojik modifikasyonlar yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada nitrik asit ve sülfonik asit kullanılarak yapılan kimyasal modifikasyonunun aktif karbonun yapısal ve kimyasal özellikleri üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Orijinal, nitrik asit ve sülfonik asit ile modifiye edilmiş adsorbentlerinin karakterizasyon analizi, taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM), brunauer–emmett–teller (BET), fourier transform kızılötesi spektrofotometre (FTIR) analizleri ile belirlenmiştir. Yüzey özelliklerine modifikasyonun etkilerini belirlemek için pHpzc ve yüzey asidik bazik gruplar tespit edilmiştir. Hem nitrik asit hem de sülfonik asit modifikasyonu BET yüzey alanını, por hacmi ve genişliğinde artışa, pHpzc ve yüzey asit gruplarının miktarında ise azalmaya yol açmıştır. Özellikle sülfonik asit ile modifikasyondan sonra yüzey alanı 273,56 m2/g’dan 868,48 m2/g’a toplam gözenek hacmi; 0,22 cm3/g değerinden 0,88 cm3/g değerine artışı önemli bir sonuçtur. Nitrik asit modifikasyonu sonucu –OH, C=O grupları, sülfonik asit modifikasyonu sonucu ise SO3H, S=O ve C-S fonksiyonel gruplarının yapıya eklendiği gözlenmiştir.
A LITERATURE REVIEW ABOUT EFFECTS of PHASE CHANGING MATERIALS on COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH and THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY of BUILDING COMPONENTS
Authors: ÇELİK Ali İhsan , KAYABAŞI Ramazan , ŞENER Ahmet
Published: December 2022

One of the important areas of Phase Changing Materials (PCM) is to increase the heat retention capacity of building components. Researches are carried out on the heat retention capacities of PCMs to store energy in building components and to ensure building temperature control. The use of PCM in building components has become an important tool for energy saving, since ensuring building temperature control in summer and winter conditions is a situation that requires continuity. This feature provided to the building component provides an improvement in the energy identity of the building. In general researches, the use of macro, micro encapsulated PCM decreases the heat conduction coefficient as it increases the heat retention capacity of the building components, but effects compressive strength positive or negative. However, when the capsule size used in micro capsule applications is reduced to 7 microns and below, it is seen that the strength increases, while the thermal conductivity coefficient continues to decrease. When the PCM capsule particle sizes used in the building components are reduced, it provides an improvement in the granulometry of the component, so a positive effect on strength is seen in the building components. As a result of this research, differences in compressive strength were observed depending on the macro, micro and nano dimensions and mixing ratios of the pcm addition. However, due to the continuous increase in the PCM ratio of the building component, the heat holding capacity of the building component increases and its thermal conductivity decreases.
PREDICTING DIAGNOSIS OF COVID-19 DISEASE WITH ADABOOST AND NAIVE BAYES MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS
Authors: ÇELİK Ahmet
Published: December 2022

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has infected millions of people all over the world and caused the death of many people. Identifying people with this disease as soon as possible is an important factor to prevent the disease from spreading. For disease detection, PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) tests performed. The results of tests always cannot give 100% accurate. In addition, obtaining information about test results sometimes may take a few days. Regarding the persons who applied to health institutions with suspicion of that illness, the diagnosis of COVID-19 disease takes place with the emergence of different disease symptoms. In this study, diagnostic estimates made for patients in the COVID-19 Surveillance dataset implementing Adaboost and Naive Bayes machine learning (ML) algorithm. It is possible to make predictions about new data by gaining experience from pre-existing data by means of using ML algorithms. In dataset determined within international disease codes for COVID-19 disease diagnosis estimates. Symptoms of patients used as attribute data in the dataset and used in binary format to be suitable for machine learning algorithms. According to the results obtained in this study, the classification forecast made with 85% accuracy with the Naive Bayes algorithm and 100% with the Adaboost algorithm.
Topics in Antivax and Provax Discourse: Yearlong Synoptic Study of COVID-19 Vaccine Tweets (Preprint)
Authors: Zaidi Zainab , Ye Mengbin , Samon Fergus , Jama Abdisalan , Gopalakrishnan Binduja , Gu Chenhao , Karunasekera Shanika , Evans Jamie , Kashima Yoshihisa
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND

Developing an understanding of the public discourse on COVID-19 vaccination on social media is important not only for addressing the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic but also for future pathogen outbreaks. There are various research efforts in this domain, although, a need still exists for a comprehensive topic-wise analysis of tweets in favor of and against COVID-19 vaccines.

OBJECTIVE

This study characterizes the discussion points in favor of and against COVID-19 vaccines posted on Twitter during the first year of the pandemic. The aim of this study was primarily to contrast the views expressed by both camps, their respective activity patterns, and their correlation with vaccine-related events. A further aim was to gauge the genuineness of the concerns expressed in antivax tweets.

METHODS

We examined a Twitter data set containing 75 million English tweets discussing the COVID-19 vaccination from March 2020 to March 2021. We trained a stance detection algorithm using natural language processing techniques to classify tweets as antivax or provax and examined the main topics of discourse using topic modeling techniques.

RESULTS

Provax tweets (37 million) far outnumbered antivax tweets (10 million) and focused mostly on vaccine development, whereas antivax tweets covered a wide range of topics, including opposition to vaccine mandate and concerns about safety. Although some antivax tweets included genuine concerns, there was a large amount of falsehood. Both stances discussed many of the same topics from opposite viewpoints. Memes and jokes were among the most retweeted messages. Most tweets from both stances (9,007,481/10,566,679, 85.24% antivax and 24,463,708/37,044,507, 66.03% provax tweets) came from dual-stance users who posted both provax and antivax tweets during the observation period.

CONCLUSIONS

This study is a comprehensive account of COVID-19 vaccine discourse in the English language on Twitter from March 2020 to March 2021. The broad range of discussion points covered almost the entire conversation, and their temporal dynamics revealed a significant correlation with COVID-19 vaccine–related events. We did not find any evidence of polarization and prevalence of antivax discourse over Twitter. However, targeted countering of falsehoods is important because only a small fraction of antivax discourse touched on a genuine issue. Future research should examine the role of memes and humor in driving web-based social media activity.

CLINICALTRIAL
Evaluating the Mental Health of Physician-Trainees Using an SMS Text Message–Based Assessment Tool: Longitudinal Pilot Study (Preprint)
Authors: Goldhaber Nicole H , Chea Annie , Hekler Eric B , Zhou Wenjia , Fergerson Byron
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND

Physician burnout is a multibillion-dollar issue in the United States. Despite its prevalence, burnout is difficult to accurately measure. Institutions generally rely on periodic surveys that are subject to recall bias. SMS text message–based surveys or assessments have been used in health care and have the advantage of easy accessibility and high response rates.

OBJECTIVE

In this pilot project, we evaluated the utility of and participant engagement with a simple, longitudinal, and SMS text message–based mental health assessment system for physician-trainees at the study institution. The goal of the SMS text message–based assessment system was to track stress, burnout, empathy, engagement, and work satisfaction levels faced by users in their normal working conditions.

METHODS

Three SMS text message-based questions per week for 5 weeks were sent to each participant. All data received were deidentified. Additionally, each participant had a deidentified personal web page to follow their scores as well as the aggregated scores of all participants over time. A 13-question optional survey was sent at the conclusion of the study to evaluate the usability of the platform. Descriptive statistics were performed.

RESULTS

In all, 81 participants were recruited and answered at least six (mean 14; median 14; range 6-16) questions for a total of 1113 responses. Overall, 10 (17%) out of 59 participants responded “Yes” to having experienced a traumatic experience during the study period. Only 3 participants ever answered being “Not at all satisfied” with their job. The highest number of responses indicating that participants were stressed or burnt out came on day 25 in the 34-day study period. There were mixed levels of concern for the privacy of responses. No substantial correlations were noted between responses and having experienced a traumatic experience during the study period. Furthermore, 12 participants responded to the optional feedback survey, and all either agreed or strongly agreed that the SMS text message–based assessment system was easy to use and the number of texts received was reasonable. None of the 12 respondents indicated that using the SMS text message–based assessment system caused stress.

CONCLUSIONS

Responses demonstrated that SMS text message–based mental health assessments are potentially useful for recording physician-trainee mental health levels in real time with minimal burden, but further study of SMS text message–based mental health assessments should address limitations such as improving response rates and clarifying participants’ sense of privacy when using the SMS text message–based assessment system. The findings of this pilot study can inform the development of institution-wide tools for assessing physician burnout and protecting physicians from occupational stress.
SAĞLIK HİZMETİ SUNAN ÖZEL İŞLETMELERİN FİNANSAL ANALİZİ: MERKEZ BANKASI VERİLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR ÇALIŞMA
Authors: BOZDEMİR Enver , GÜLEY Ali Özgür
Published: December 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Merkez Bankası (TCMB) verileri ile özel sağlık hizmeti sunan işletmelerin 2009-2020 yıllarına ait finansal durumunu ve performansını oran analizi yöntemiyle analiz etmektir.Yöntem: Çalışmada TCMB web sitesinden elde edilen 2009-2020 yıllarına ait Q-861 Hastane Hizmetleri Alt Sektörünün bilançoları ve gelir tabloları kullanılmıştır. Hastane hizmetleri alt sektörü retrospektif olarak 2009-2020 yılları için bilanço ve gelir tablolarından elde edilen veriler Microsoft Office Excel programı ile oran analizine tabi tutulmuş ve sağlık sektörü için literatürde genel kabul görmüş oranlar doğrultusunda yorumlanmıştır.Bulgular: Özel sağlık hizmeti sunan işletmelerin likidite oranları olması gereken değerlerden düşük olup 2009-2010 yıllarında ideal seviyededir. Finansal yapı oranları da olması gereken değerin altında hesaplanmış olup borçlanma oranının yıllar itibariyle giderek yükseldiği görülmüştür. Varlıkları kullanım oranları bakımından ise stok devir hızı ve alacak devir hızından yüksek bulunmuştur. Diğer bir ifadeyle stokların elden çıkması ile alacakların tahsilinden hızlı olmaktadır. Karlılık oranlarından net kar marjı, öz sermaye karlılık oranı ve varlık karlılık oranları 2011, 2016 ve 2018 yıllarında negatif değer alarak zarar görülmektedir.Sonuç: Sağlık hizmetleri sunumunda yüksek teknoloji ürünü ve oldukça yüksek maliyetli cihazlar ve malzemeler kullanılmaktadır. Bu cihazların ve malzemelerin yerli üretiminin maliyetleri ve dışa bağımlılığı azaltacağı dolayısıyla finansal durumu olumlu yönde etkileyeceği düşünülmektedir. Sağlık hizmetleri finansmanında Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu (SGK) önemli yer tutmaktadır. Bu durumun özel sağlık işletmelerinin alacakların tahsil süresini, satış fiyatını ve karlılığını etkilediği sonucuna varılmıştır.
MUHASEBE TAHMİN DEĞİŞİKLİKLERİNİN FİNANSAL TABLOLARDAKİ YANSIMALARI: BİST ŞİRKETLERİNİN ANALİZİ (2013-2021)
Authors: ÖZENİR HAYDAROĞLU Zeynep , YAŞAR Alpaslan
Published: December 2022

Amaç: Muhasebe tahminlerindeki değişiklikler (MTD), işletmelerin hem cari hem de gelecek dönem finansal tabloları üzerinde etkili olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, MTD’lerin Kâr veya Zarar Tablosu üzerindeki yansımasını incelemektir. Yöntem: Bu amaçla, Borsa İstanbul (BİST)’de 2013-2021 yılları arasında işlem gören şirketlerden MTD açıklayan şirketlerin MTD’leri içerik analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir.Bulgular: Araştırmanın bulguları, MTD yapmayan şirketlerin (%40,3) MTD yapan şirketlerden (%1,60) daha fazla olduğunu ve MTD olup olmadığına ilişkin açıklamada bulunmayan şirketler (%58,1) olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca, en çok yapılan MTD’nin faydalı ömür değişikliği olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Diğer taraftan, MTD’nin Kâr veya Zarar Tablosu üzerindeki etkisinin artış ve/veya azalış yönünde olduğu, MTD’nin en fazla etkisinin cari dönem Kâr veya Zarar Tablosu üzerinde olduğu, nadiren hem cari hem de gelecek dönem üzerinde etkisinin olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca, cari dönem Kâr veya Zarar Tablosu’nda en fazla azaltıcı etki 2014 yılında; en fazla artırıcı etki ise 2018 yılında gerçekleşmiştir. Bununla birlikte, MTD dönem Kâr veya Zarar Tablosu’nu etkileyen şirketlerin çoğunlukla Dört Büyüklerce denetlendiği, bu şirketlere en çok verilen görüşün ise “olumlu görüş” olduğu tespit edilmiştir.Sonuç: Finansal bilgi kullanıcılarının finansal tabloları değerlendirmek suretiyle alacakları kararları üzerinde MTD’lerin finansal tablolardaki yansımasının önemli bir unsur olabileceğine dikkat çekilmiştir. Araştırmanın bulguları, MTD değişikliği yapan şirketlerin MTD değişikliği yapmayan şirketlerden fazla olması, MTD değişikliği yapılıp yapılmadığına ilişkin dipnot açıklaması bulunmayan şirketler olması ve en fazla yapılan MTD’nin faydalı ömüre ilişkin değişiklik olması yönüyle, önceki çalışma sonuçlarını (Aktaş, 2013; Ömürbek & Öztürk, 2013) desteklemektedir.
Hypoxic mesenchymal stem cell‐conditioned medium accelerates wound healing by regulating IL‐10 and TGF‐β levels in a full‐thickness‐wound rat model
Authors: Muhar Adi Muradi , Mukharim Faizal , Hermansyah Dedy , Putra Agung , Hidayah Nurul , Amalina Nur Dina , Alif Iffan
Published: December 2022

Full‐thickness wound healing is a complex process requiring a well‐orchestrated mechanism of various factors, including cytokines, particularly interleukin (IL)‐10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β. IL‐10 and TGF‐β act as robust anti‐inflammatory cytokines in accelerating the wound healing process by regulating myofibroblasts. Hypoxic mesenchymal stem cell‐conditioned medium (hypMSC‐CM) containing cytokines potentially contribute to accelerate wound repair without scarring through the paracrine mechanism. This study aims to observe the role of hypMSC‐CM in controlling TGF‐β and IL‐10 levels to accelerate full‐thickness wound repair and regeneration. A total of 24 male Wistar rats were used in this study. Six healthy rats as a sham group and 18 rats were created as full‐thickness‐wound animal models using a 6 mm punch biopsy. The animals were randomly assigned into three groups (n = 6) consisting of two treatment groups treated with hypMSC‐CM at a low dose (200 µL hypMSC‐CM with 2 g water‐based gel added) and a high dose (400 µL hypMSC‐CM with 2 g water‐based gel added) and a control group (2 g water‐based gel only). The IL‐10 and TGF‐β levels were examined by ELISA. The results showed a significant increase in IL‐10 levels on day 3 after hypMSC‐CM treatment, followed by a decrease in platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF) levels on days 6 and 9. In line with this finding, the TGF‐β levels also increased significantly on day 3 and then linearly decreased on days 6 and 9. HypMSC‐CM administra‐ tion may thus promote wound healing acceleration by controlling IL‐10 and TGF‐β levels in a full‐thickness‐wound rat model.