bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Felaket Kurbanlarının Kimliklendirilmesinde Diş Kayıtlarının Önemi
Authors: Afşin Hüseyin , Karadayı Beytullah
Published: June 2016

Due to the fact that teeth are more resistant to physical and external factors (burn, decay, trauma etc.) than the other parts of the body, they can be used in identification practices more efficiently. Mass fatality incidents have been occurred frequently in Turkey due to earthquakes, floods, landslides, airplane crashes, fires, industrial accidents, terrorist attacks and gun fights. Identification of victims after natural or unnatural disasters is a difficult and time consuming process. Specialists who are trained in forensic dentistry field, take part in groups formed for disaster victim identification. One of the primary and  most important practices of forensic dentistry is the identification of bodies which have no relations to identify or are deformed greatly, after a mass fatality. In this field, techniques based on the comparison of dental records have come into prominence. The objective of this article is to give practical information regarding the usage of dental records in mass fatalities.Keywords: Forensic dentistry, Mass fatalities, Identification, Antemortem dental records, Postmortem dental records.
Adli Tıp Soruşturma Görevlileri Adalet Sistemine Katkısı Olabilecek Bir Meslek Grubu
Authors: Çetin Volkan
Published: June 2016

In the field of forensic medicine, it is essential for a forensic pathologist to gather as much information as possible, about the case in order to assign a cause and manner of death. The flow of information to the forensic pathologist is expected to be expeditious, accurate and adequate. In this article, it is aimed to introduce a profession, Medicolegal Death Investigators, who work in Medical Examiner Offices in the United States. Their duties and responsibilities in the system will be described in details. Because of their contributions to crime scene investigations, implementing a similar approach in the medico-legal investigations in Turkey will be proposed; the necessity and benefits will be discussed.Keywords: Medicolegal Death Investigators; Crime Scene Investigations.
Gloria Fuertes. Empatía y radicalidad pacifista
Authors: Lorenzo Arribas Josemi
Published: June 2016

Gloria Fuertes fue una mujer inapropiable. A su éxito televisivo como "poeta de los niños" se contrapone su desconocimiento como "poeta de adultos" y su falta de reivindicación por ideologías o movimientos que naturalmente debieran haberlo hecho (feminismo, antimilitarismo, lesbianismo...). Una de las constantes que animan su obra es su pacifismo radical, innegociable, y su obra constituye uno de los ejemplos más extensos de compromiso con la consecución de la paz y la denuncia de la violencia y quienes la promueven. Su empatía con las personas que sufren y su punto de vista situado la sitúan en una posición que hemos denominado de "beguina laica", aportando un enfoque original sobre la obra de esta gran poeta madrileña del siglo XX.

Gloria Fuertes was an inappropriable woman. Her TV success as "poet of children" is opposed by her ignorance as "poet of adults" and her lack of claim for ideologies or movements that naturally should have been done (feminism, antimilitarism, lesbianism...). One of the constants that cheer her work up is her radical pacifism, not negotiable, and her work constitutes one of the most extensive examples of compromise to the achievement of the peace and denunciation of the violence and those who promote it. Her empathy with those who suffer and her point of view placed place her in a position which we call "secular beguine", what contributes to an original approach about the work of this great Madrid poet of the twentieth Century.
Teniente Remedios Jover Cánovas (Estado Mayor 3 Division, XV Cuerpo del Ejército del Ebro)
Authors: Gutiérrez Escoda Esther
Published: June 2016

Tradicionalmente la historiografía ha dado por sentado que la participación de las mujeres en el Ejército Popular fue momentánea, ya que el Gobierno de la República las excluyó del mismo a finales de 1936. Entendemos que la concepción y mitificación de la “joven miliciana” es otro error historiográfico. El presente artículo analiza el ejemplo de Remedios Jover y el problema psicoafectivo que suscitó entre la tropa del Ejército Popular el hecho de tener en sus filas a mujeres soldado con o sin cargo militar.

The historiography traditionally indicates that the participation of women in the Popular Army was momentary, once the Government of the Republic exclude them from it by the end of 1936. “The young militiawoman” is another erroneous conception of the historiography. The present article analyses the example of Remedios Jover and the psychoaffective problem that arose among the Popular Army troops having in its ranks female soldiers with or without military post.
Key words:
Vencedoras y vencidas: las educadoras leonesas ante la Guerra Civil Española
Authors: Poy Castro Raquel
Published: June 2016

A comienzos del siglo XX un notable número de educadoras españolas tuvieron una importante presencia pública. El artículo examina las tensiones entre el hecho de ser educadora y mujer en la España de 1936-1939 en la ciudad de León. Concluye que este periodo conflictivo impulsó a las educadoras a la acción política apoyando el movimiento de reformas en Educación o, en el lado opuesto, el tradicionalismo conservador. El trabajo relaciona las causas por las que recibieron represión física y política durante y después de la Guerra civil española.

In the early 20th century, large numbers of Spanish women teachers had an important public presence. This article examines the tensions between being a woman and a teacher in the Spain of 1936-1939 in the city of León. It concludes that conflicting times propelled women teachers to political action on key issues such as the support for the reformist movement on education or, in the opposite direction, the conservative traditionalism. The work relates the reasons why they received political and physical repression during and after the Spanish Civil War.
Keywords:
Jefatura femenina y estratificación sociorracial en Cali 1797-1807
Authors: Vélez Villaquirán Luz Amparo , Vargas Valle Eunice D. , Ojeda de la Peña Norma
Published: June 2016

El objetivo de este estudio es describir el cambio en el nivel de las jefaturas femeninas de los hogares de Cali, Colombia, y las características de las jefas de hogar entre los distintos grupos sociorraciales a finales del periodo colonial. Para tal fin, se utilizaron los padrones de población de Cali de 1797 y 1807. Los resultados revelaron que las jefaturas femeninas eran predominantes entre los grupos de ascendencia negra, y muy altas entre los blancos y los nobles. Entre 1797 y 1807, las jefaturas se incrementaron en todos los grupos sociorraciales. Sin embargo, las características de las jefas cambiaron de manera desigual: entre las nobles se incrementó la proporción de solteras sin hijos, entre las blancas y mestizas la de viudas con hijos, y entre las jefas de ascendencia negra la de madres solteras. Estos resultados sugieren que las razones del incremento de la jefatura femenina al final del periodo colonial variaron por grupo sociorracial.
Sistema de otimização do balanço de massas para alimentação de alto-fornos: um estudo de caso
Authors: Pessoa Lidia De Paula , Bento Alves José Maria Do Carmo
Published: June 2016

Este trabalho teve como objetivo apresentar um modelo matemático baseado em programação linear por metas para resolução do Problema do Balanço de Massas de um alto-forno. Tal problema consiste na determinação das quantidades de material que será enfornado. Sua solução deve ser obtida rapidamente, pois influenciadiretamente na qualidade do ferro-gusa fabricado. Atualmente, a grande maioria das empresas utiliza o método da tentativa e erro baseando-se apenas na experiência dos funcionários para obter a solução do problema em questão. A metodologia empregada modelou e implementou o modelo proposto através do otimizador LINGO 10.0 em interface com planilhas do Microsoft Excel. Os resultados computacionais indicaram que tal modelo é capaz de gerar soluções ótimas rapidamente, possibilitando ao usuário analisar vários cenários antes da tomada de decisão.
Caminhos formacionais na Engenharia de Produção: uma análise do conteúdo das provas específicas do ENADE nos anos 2005, 2008 e 2011
Authors: De Sousa Flaviane Rodrigues , Da Silva Daiana Medeiros , Mello José André Villas Bôas , Ribeiro Mello Andréa Justino
Published: June 2016

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma análise de provas do ENADE (Exame Nacional de Desempenho de Estudantes) do grupo VI de Engenharia, na busca de evidências sobre os conteúdos mais exigidos dos futuros profissionais da área de Engenharia de Produção. A análise realizada está embasada na revisão da literatura e na comparação das diretrizes propostas pela ABEPRO e pelo manual do ENADE. Foram observadas, a partir de um estudo detalhado, as provas específicas de Engenharia de Produção aplicadas nos anos de 2005, 2008 e 2011; averiguando-se um total de 67 questões. Como resultado geral pode-se perceber que ao longo do período analisado não há áreas da Engenharia de Produção que tenham uma representatividade muito superior às outras. Por outro lado, algumas delas se destacam por serem pouco contempladas na totalidade das questões. Outro aspecto observado é que não há uma constância sobre o conhecimento exigido nos anos estudados, mas sim uma variação do quantitativo de questões por área por ano de aplicação da prova.
Poka-yoke: dispositivos à prova de erros auxiliando na inclusão de pessoas portadoras de deficiência
Authors: Lúcio Fernando Henrique , Franzoni Pena Guilherme José , Ricci Gisele Lima , Moreira Braga Washington Luís
Published: June 2016

Atualmente, 15% da população mundial é portadora de deficiência, nos quais existem 45 milhões de pessoas no Brasil. Inseridos nesse contexto estão as leis governamentais que fixam o porcentual para os cargos a serem preenchidos por pessoas portadoras de deficência. Buscando atender às leis, as empresas encontram dificuldade para cumpri-la de forma a inserir o portador de deficência no processo produtivo, mantendo a produtividade e garantindo a qualidade. Propõe-se a utilização de dispositivos Poka-Yoke, como forma de não somente inserir pessoas portadoras de deficiência nas indústrias, mas também inclusão, garantindo qualidade e produtividade; satisfazer a legislação; e garantir ao trabalhador segurança no desempenho da função. O objetivo deste artigo foi propor a utilização de dispositivos Poka-Yoke através da implementação em um posto de trabalho, incluindo pessoas portadoras de deficiência. O trabaho de campo foi realizado na região Nordeste de São Paulo, em uma empresa de médio porte do setor alimentício. Como principais resultados, pôde-se observar que o dispositivo de controle proporcionou a inclusão de deficientes visuais devido à garantia da qualidade através da inspeção 100% e à conclusão de que o Poka-Yoke pode ser utilizado para auxiliar na inclusão de pessoas portadoras de deficiência.
Melhoria ergonômica em postos de trabalho do setor de acabamento de uma fundição através do método OWAS de análise de posturas.
Authors: Santos Pereira Natália Fernanda , Pinheiro Gilson Marques , Viriato Daniela Araújo , Da Fonseca Silva Eriane Cristine
Published: June 2016

O setor de acabamento de uma fundição é caracterizado por um ambiente que apresenta trabalho pesado. Na empresa pesquisada, posturas e movimentos inadequados utilizados para manusear as lixadeiras e peças fundidas apresentam riscos à saúde do trabalhador ligados às condições atuais de trabalho. Nesse sentido, foi realizada análise ergonômica em dois postos de trabalho daquele setor, denominados linha carrossel e mercado interno. Para tanto, utilizou-se a metodologia OWAS para análise das posturas que estavam causando desconforto aos operadores. Como resultado foi constatado que 33% das posturas adotadas na linha carrossel eram críticas - classes 3 e 4 –, indicando a necessidade de mudança das posturas no curto prazo. Já no mercado interno 14% das posturas foram categorizadas como classe 3, que são claramente prejudiciais à saúde dos trabalhadores. Para melhorar a adaptação da tarefa de esmerilhamento de peças fundidas à capacidade física dos operadores, foi recomendada a aquisição de bancada regulável pneumática, a confecção de dispositivo para posicionamento das peças e a utilização de talha pneumática para movimentação das peças, além do treinamento e conscientização dos operadores. Essas recomendações possibilitaram redução de 100% das posturas críticas de trabalho.
Implantação da gestão por processos em uma pequena empresa de base tecnológica: diferencial de competitividade
Authors: Longo Staino Marina Magalhães , Uatanabe Priscila Souza , Suzuki Jaqueline Akemi , Ferreira de Faria Adriana Ferreira
Published: June 2016

Em um cenário cada vez mais competitivo, as empresas de pequeno porte necessitam inovar organizacionalmente para se manterem no mercado e alcançarem bom controle dos seus processos produtivos. As decisões tomadas pelas organizações devem ser baseadas em dados e fatos que possam ser obtidos através das ferramentas da qualidade. Dessa forma, este artigo teve como objetivo geral a descrição da implantação da gestão por processos em uma pequena empresa de base tecnológica, de acordo com a norma ISO 9001. O desenvolvimento do projeto permitiu identificar a realidade e as dificuldades em se implantar a gestão por processos, bem como as melhorias que a metodologia proporciona em toda a organização.
Gestão estratégica de recursos humanos por meio de uma ferramenta de avaliação de desempenho organizacional
Authors: Bortoluzzi Sandro César , Rolim Ensslin Sandra , Ensslin Leonardo
Published: June 2016

Este trabalho teve como objetivo construir um modelo de avaliação de desempenho da gestão estratégica do Setor de Recursos Humanos da empresa Seprol Computadores e Sistemas Ltda. Dessa forma, escolheu-se a Metodologia Multicritério de Apoio à Decisão Construtivista, por entender que a complexidade da gestão estratégica de recursos humanos exige um modelo que leve em consideração as particularidades da empresa. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como (i) exploratória; (ii) estudo de caso; e (iii) qualitativa e quantitativa. Os principais resultados da pesquisa foram: (i) identificação de duas grandes dimensões que respondem pelo desempenho da empresa em relação à gestão estratégica do setor de recursos humanos (motivação e produtividade); (ii) construção de 12 indicadores para avaliar o desempenho; (iii) realização da avaliação da situação atual que ficou em 33 pontos, em uma escala em que “100” representa o nível bom e “0”, o nível neutro; (iv) elaboração de recomendações de melhoria, sendo estas implantadas com sucesso, elevando o desempenho da empresa para 70 pontos. Conclui-se que a metodologia cumpriu o papel de avaliar as particularidades da gestão estratégica de recursos humanos da empresa.
Fatores de sucesso e fracasso em projetos de base tecnológica no contexto do PII
Authors: Torres Machado Jordana , Paula Reis Luciana , Evangelista Silva Sergio
Published: June 2016

Entre as diversas ações que buscam alavancar a inovação e desenvolvimento tecnológico está a promoção de empresas  de  base  tecnológica  (EBTs). Assim,  esta  pesquisa  tem  como  objetivo  identificar  as  decisões relevantes para a evolução do projeto ao longo do processo de planejamento do produto e do negócio, como também a identificação dos fatores que conduzem ao sucesso e,  até mesmo,  o fracasso desses projetos. Este estudo será realizado a partir de análises dos relatórios do PII oriundos da UFMG e também através de um estudo comparativo entre os projetos,  utilizando,  para isso, a estratégia metodológica da análise de conteúdo. O  Programa  de  Incentivo  à  Inovação  (PII)  é  um  programa  do  governo  que  busca  permitir  que  projetos  de pesquisa  aplicada  se  transformem  em  inovações  tecnológicas, promovendo  o  desenvolvimento  regional  e facilitando  a  integração  entre  a  academia  e  o  setor  empresarial.  Como  resultado  da  pesqu isa,  espera-se  a identificação  dos  fatores  críticos  para  o  sucesso  dos  projetos  dos  PIIs  ao  longo  do  PPNeg  (Processo  de Planejamento do Negócio) que contempla três importantes perspectivas: a institucional, o modelo de negócio e os recursos  (financeiro  e  humano/social).  Este  estudo  pode  servir  como  elemento  de  apoio  à  elaboração  e implantação desses tipos de projetos em universidades.
DESENVOLVIMENTO COLABORATIVO DE UM SISTEMA MÓVEL PARA ENVASAMENTO DE SANEANTES
Authors: Barbosa Fabio Alves , Ribeiro Guilherme Faria da Silva , Yamanari Juliana Suemi , Vergara Walter Roberto Hernández
Published: June 2016

O presente trabalho aborda o desenvolvimento e projeto de um sistema eletromecânico móvel para envasamento automatizado de produtos saneantes químicos através de parceria entre uma Universidade Federal Brasileira e um pequeno fabricante de saneantes químicos localizado em um dos principais pólos de desenvolvimento agroindustrial da Região Centro-Oeste. O objetivo central desse artigo é a descrição do desenvolvimento e projeto conceitual do referido equipamento destinado à ampliação de capacidade do principal recurso limitador do fluxo produtivo (operação de envasamento), o que resultou em ganhos de flexibilidade para todo o sistema de manufatura. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa exploratória que fundamentou a elaboração de um estudo de caso. Os principais resultados obtidos são o projeto de um equipamento de envasamento versátil e inovador, baseado em Controlador Lógico Programável (CLP) e Interface Homem Máquina (IHM), capaz de reconhecer e preencher automaticamente embalagens plásticas (2 a 200 litros), bem como o patenteamento do referido sistema junto ao Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Industrial/INPI.
Gestão de estoques e sua contribuição para os objetivos de desempenho numa fábrica têxtil de pequeno porte
Authors: Amaral João Luis Silva do , De Oliveira Márcio
Published: June 2016

Este trabalho tem o objetivo de explorar teorias básicas para a gestão de estoques e apresentá-las como ferramentas simples, mas de grande valia para empresas de pequeno e médio. Um estudo de caso foi realizado numa empresa do setor Têxtil, especificamente uma fábrica de meias, sendo foco do estudo o estoque de produtos acabados. Uma revisão bibliográfica foi realizada abordando técnicas de organização de armazéns para auxiliar no desenvolvimento da gestão de estoques. O estudo de caso coincidiu com a expansão da empresa e mudança para uma nova planta industrial, o que facilitou a aplicação dos métodos propostos e a rápida visualização dos resultados. Para implantação do novo sistema, foram levantados problemas, mudanças estruturais realizadas, os funcionários tiveram treinamento e responsabilidades foram delegadas. Os resultados podem ser vistos na melhoria de eficiência com relação aos objetivos de desempenho da produção, experimentada no dia a dia da organização com diminuição das perdas em estoque e um melhor ambiente de trabalho; e principalmente na preparação da cultura da empresa para posterior implantação de sistema integrado de gestão.
ZAKAT SEBAGAI SARANA PENGENTASAN KEMISKINAN (Studi Kasus di Lembaga Amil Zakat Bina Umat Mandiri Kabupaten Ngawi)
Authors: Ernawati Hasti
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Zakat is one necessary condition in building the Muslim society. Zakat as an institution, really closely with financial policy. Zakat even more important role compared with other social institutions such as orphanages and foundations in eliminating social inequality. This study aimed at understanding and management efforts Amil Zakat Institution “People Bina Mandiri” Ngawi district in order to alleviate poverty. This study uses qualitative research. Then once collected, the data is processed and analyzed with descriptive qualitative. The results showed, the Institute management Amil Zakat “People Bina Mandiri” Ngawi district is using an open system management (open management), namely income and spending zakat funds can be known directly by the public. The efforts undertaken in order to alleviate poverty through the distribution of scholarships, kafalah du’at, waqaf the Koran and the Iqra ‘, and TKIT pendidikanTPA assistance, help renovate mosques / mushalla, aid disaster area, daurah coaching people, distribution of Zakat Al-Fitr and distribution to the amil zakat. However, a more focused in achieving that goal is to further intensify in the field of education, namely scholarships.
Zakat merupakan salah satu syarat mutlak dalam membina masyarakat muslim. Zakat sebagai suatu lembaga, benar-benar lekat dengan kebijakan keuangan. Bahkan zakat memainkan peranan lebih penting dibanding dengan lembaga-lembaga sosial lainnya seperti panti asuhan dan yayasan-yayasan dalam menghapus kesenjangan sosial.  Penelitian ini bertujuan memahami manajemen pengelolaan dan upaya yang dilakukan Lembaga Amil Zakat “Bina Umat Mandiri” Kabupaten Ngawi dalam rangka mengentaskan kemiskinan. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif. Kemudian setelah terkumpul, data tersebut diolah dan dilakukan analisis secara deskriptif kualitatif.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, manajemen pengelolaan Lembaga Amil Zakat “Bina Umat Mandiri” Kabupaten Ngawi adalah menggunakan sistem open management (manajemen terbuka), yaitu pemasukan dan pengeluaran dana zakat dapat diketahui langsung oleh masyarakat.  Upaya-upaya yang dilakukan dalam rangka mengentaskan kemiskinan melalui penyaluran beasiswa, kafalah du’at, waqaf al-Qur’an dan Iqra’, bantuan pendidikanTPA dan TKIT, bantuan renovasi masjid/mushalla, bantuan daerah bencana, daurah pembinaan umat, penyaluran zakat fitrah dan penyaluran ke amil zakat. Akan tetapi yang lebih difokuskan dalam rangka pencapaian tujuan itu adalah dengan lebih mengintensifkan dibidang pendidikan, yaitu beasiswa
Kata kunci: Zakat, Pengentasan Kemiskinan
PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT PESISIR MADURA TERHADAP MUSTAHIQ ZAKAT (Kajian Atas Pemberian Zakat Fitrah Kepada Kyai Di Dusun Laok Tambak, Desa Padelegan, Kec. Pademawu, Kab. Pamekasan)
Authors: Suaidi Suaidi
Published: June 2016

Mustahiq zakat is the person entitled to receive zakat. In a letter Qur’an At-Tauba verse 60 explains that mustahiq zakat consists of eight classes. But for the Hamlet of Pond Village Laok Padelegan Kec. Pademawu, Kab. Pamekasan, class mustahiq zakat is not only limited to the eight classes. The majority of the people also give alms to the clerics of nature by definition not included into the eight groups that exist. The purpose of this study is to investigate the public perception as well as their reasons or motivations in giving alms to the Kyai nature. This study used a qualitative approach and methods of
analysis used descriptive qualitative method. The result of this is the majority community penelititian Laok Fishpond yet fully understand about “mustahiq Zakat Al-Fitr”, they only mentioned the indigent, poor and clerics. The motivation of people Laok Pond in giving alms to the Kyai Fitr is a teacher of the Koran because their clerics. In addition, the motivation of social sanctions in the form underestimated, shunned, ostracized and even zakat is not considered valid as Zakat Al-Fitr if zakat nature not given to clerics.

Mustahiq zakat adalah orang yang berhak menerima zakat. Dalam Al-Qur’an surat At-Taubah ayat 60 menjelaskan bahwa mustahiq zakat itu terdiri dari delapan golongan. Namun bagi masyarakat Dusun Laok Tambak Desa Padelegan Kec. Pademawu, Kab. Pamekasan, golongan mustahiq zakat tidak
hanya terbatas pada kedelapan golongan tersebut. Mayoritas masyarakatnya juga memberikan zakat fitrahnya kepada kyai yang secara terminologi tidak tercantum ke dalam delapan golongan yang ada. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui persepsi masyarakat serta alasan atau motivasi mereka didalam memberikan zakat fitrahnya kepada kyai. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan metode analisisnya menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelititian ini adalah mayoritas masyarakat Laok Tambak belum memahami secara utuh tentang “mustahiq zakat fitrah”, mereka hanya menyebutkan fakir, miskin dan kyai. Adapun motivasi masyarakat Laok Tambak dalam memberikan zakat fitrah kepada kyai adalah karena kyai merupakan guru ngaji mereka. Selain itu, motivasi sanksi sosial berupa diremehkan, dijauhi, dikucilkan dan bahkan zakatnya tidak dianggap sah sebagai zakat fitrah jika zakat fitrahnya tidak diberikan kepada kyai.

Kata kunci: Persepsi, Masyarakat, Mustahiq zakat, Kyai.
SYAIKH YUSUF QARDHAWI: GURU UMAT ISLAM PADA MASANYA
Authors: Khalilurrahman M.
Published: June 2016

Mesir merupakan salah satu Negara di kawasan
Timur Tengah yang sangat kaya dan dikenal dengan
khazanah keislamannya. Semenjak masuknya Islam ke
Negara tersebut dan Amr bin ‘Ash menjadi gubernur
pertama di bawah ke-Khalifahan Umar Ibn al-Khattab,
di negeri ini telah bermunculan para pemikir muslim
dan pembaharu yang sangat brilian.

Zaman keemasan Islam adalah zaman di mana banyak bermunculan para ilmuwan muslim, yaitu tepatnya pada masa Daulah Abbasiyah. Kita mengetahui bahwa salah seorang imam madzhab Islam terbesar, Muhammad bin Idris al-Syafi’i atau yang dikenal dengan Imam Syafi’i, hampir separuh usianya beliau habiskan di Mesir. Pada tataran militer, negeri ini pernah dijadikan markas besar oleh mujâhid besar, Shalahuddin
al-Ayyubi yang membebaskan al-Quds dari tangan kaum Nashrani.

Kata Kunci: Yusuf Qaedhawi: Guru, umat Islam .
FENOMENA MITOS PENGHALANG PERKAWINAN DALAM MASYARAKAT ADAT TRENGGALEK
Authors: Mas'udah Ririn
Published: June 2016

Dalam hukum Islam, terdapat beberapa hal yang menyebabkan pernikahan tidak boleh dilaksanakan seperti saudara kandung dan pernikahan beda agama. Selain
hukum Islam di dalam sistem adatpun juga mengenal adanya pernikahan yang dilarang. Tulisan ini memaparkan hasil penelitian di Kecamatan Pogalan Kabupaten Trenggalek tentang mitos penghalang perkawinan mlumah murep terkait dengan adat. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menguji data primer dan sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mitos mlumah
murep ini telah mendapat kepastian hukum dalam Islam yaitu berupa keharaman.

There are various factors which cause a marriage cannot be practiced such as sibling factor and inter-religious marriage. Besides Islam, customary law also recognizes that kind of system (forbidding marriage marriage). This paper presents the result of research in Pogalan sub district, Trenggalek on marriage barrier mlumah murep myth in relation to custom (adat). This research is conducted by using qualitative approach
in assessing primary and secondary data. The result of this research reveals that mlumah murep myth is unlawful based on Islamic law.

Kata kunci: perkawinan, mlumah murep, mitos.
KAJIAN ATAS PEMIKIRAN MOHAMMAD ILYAS TENTANG KALENDER ISLAM INTERNASIONAL
Authors: Juwartin Juwartin
Published: June 2016

The problems of determining the beginning of the month Qamariyah among Muslims until now has not been also found an appropriate solution. And so we need a method that can minimize and even reduce the differences that had existed among Muslims, especially in determining the times of Muslim worship. One of the phenomenal character of Prof. Dr. Mohammad Ilyas from Malaysia, who have an idea of the International Islamic Calendar. Seeing the condition of Muslims who are always different in the initial determination Qamariyah months, as scientists, Ilyas eventually led to the idea. In this paper presented the idea Ilyas of the International Islamic Calendar and the problems it faces.

Problematika penentuan awal bulan Qamariyah di kalangan umat Islam sampai saat ini belum juga di- temukan solusi yang sesuai. Sehingga dibutuhkan metode yang mampu meminimalisir bahkan meredam perbedaan-perbedaan yang selama ini ada di kalangan umat Islam, khususnya dalam penentuan waktu- waktu ibadah umat Islam. Salah satu tokoh fenomenal yaitu Prof. Dr. Moh Ilyas dari Malaysia, yang mempunyai gagasan tentang adanya Kalender Islam Internasional. Melihat kondisi umat Islam yang se- lalu berbeda dalam penentuan awal bulan Qamariyah, sebagai ilmuan, Ilyas akhirnya memunculkan ide tersebut. Dalam tulisan ini dipaparkan mengenai gagasan Ilyas tentang Kalender Islam Internasional beserta problematika yang dihadapinya.
PERBEDAAN SISTEM PENENTUAN AWAL BULAN SYAWAL 1427 H MASYARAKAT NAHDLIYYIN BANYUWANGI
Authors: Husna Qorinatul
Published: June 2016

The issue which is discussed in this paper is the cause of dualism difference on determining the beginning of syawal 1427 within NU organization including its sociological impact towards  Nu’s adherents in Banyuwangi. This research applies qualitative-naturalistic  paradigm and sociological approach. Nu boards stated that the difference is caused by two factors. First, there is technical error in announcing the result of rukyat and the practice of rukyat itself. It shows that some of NU Board members already known in detail the situation and the main cause of determining the beginning of Syawal 1427 difference. As a result, there is a significant impact towards nahdliyyin that they believe in local religious figures in this matter. Another impact is that they are in doubt in performing iedul Fitri (first day of Syawal) as well as their fasting.

Permasalahan yang akan dibahas dalam tulisan ini adalah tentang penyebab terjadinya dualisme per- bedaan penentuan awal bulan Syawal 1427 H di organisasi keagamaan NU beserta dampak sosiologis yang ditimbulkan terhadap masyarakat nahdliyyin Kec. Banyuwangi. Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma naturalistik kualitatif dan menggunakan pendekatan sosiologis. Kalangan pengurus orga- nisasi NU cabang Banyuwangi menganggap bahwa terdapat dua penyebab terjadinya perbedaan penentuan awal bulan Syawal 1427 H yang terjadi di organisasi keagamaan NU, yaitu: Adanya ke- salahan teknis dalam penyebaran berita hasil rukyat dan adanya kesalahan dalam praktek rukyat. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa beberapa pengurus organisasi keagamaan NU telah mengetahui secara rinci dan pasti mengenai runtutan peristiwa penyebab perbedaan penentuan awal bulan Syawal 1427 H yang terjadi di organisasi keagamaan NU. Tetapi terjadi dampak yang signifikan terhadap masyarakat nahdliyyin yang umumnya mereka hanya mampu bertaqlid kepada tokoh masyarakat setempat dan pengurus NU tanpa mengetahui dasar yang digunakan. Salah satu dampak tersebut antara lain: timbulnya keraguan dalam melaksanakan hari raya yang berdampak pada puasa mereka.
EKSISTENSI UNDANG-UNDANG PENGHAPUSAN KEKERASAN DALAM RUMAH TANGGA DALAM AKTUALISASI KONSEP NUSYUZ FIQH MADANI
Authors: Handayani Tutik
Published: June 2016

The most potential victims of domestic violence are women. it is happened due to several reasons. One of the reasons is nusyuz practice by hitting the wife as the alternative of nusyuz solution as has been understood in Quran. The verse, then, is legitimized by classical product of fiqh. If we discuss further, that understanding need to be reinterpreted since its relevance with the implementation of domestic violence regulation Number 23, 2004 which issues the ban of domestic violence. The objective of this writing is to discuss again the concept of nusyuz in classical fiqh which tends to give bigger portion to men and to subordinate women in nusyuz case. At the end of this writing, it is known that nusyuz in classical fiqh less accommodate the principles of gender equity. Therefore, it is a need for re-understanding the concept in line with theimplementation of domestic violence regulation.

 

Korban kekerasan dalam rumah tangga yang paling rentan adalah perempuan. Hal ini terjadi karena berbagai alasan. Diantaranya ialah penyelesaian nusyuz istri dengan cara memukulnya yang mana alternatif tersebut dipahami dari Al-Qur’an. Kemudian ayat tersebut dilegitimasi oleh produk fiqh klasik. Jika ditelaah lebih lanjut, pemahaman tersebut membutuhkan reinterpretasi karena relevansinya dengan keberlakuan UU RI PKDRT No. 23 tahun 2004 yang mendengungkan tentang larangan ke- kerasan dalam rumah tangga. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mendiskusikan kembali konsep nusyuz dalam fiqh klasik yang terkesan memberikan porsi lebih kepada laki-laki dan mensubordinasikan perempuan dalam permasalahan nusyuz. Pada bagian akhir penelitian ini diketahui bahwa nusyuz dalam fiqh klasik kurang mengakomodir prinsip-prinsip kesetaraan gender. Sehingga perlu pemahaman kembali dengan diberlakukannya UU PKDRT.

 

 
Human judgment vs. quantitative models for the management of ecological resources
Authors: Holden Matthew H. , Ellner Stephen P.
Published: June 2016

Despite major advances in quantitative approaches to natural resource management, there has been resistance to using these tools in the actual practice of managing ecological populations. Given a managed system and a set of assumptions, translated into a model, optimization methods can be used to solve for the most cost‐effective management actions. However, when the underlying assumptions are not met, such methods can potentially lead to decisions that harm the environment and economy. Managers who develop decisions based on past experience and judgment, without the aid of mathematical models, can potentially learn about the system and develop flexible management strategies. However, these strategies are often based on subjective criteria and equally invalid and often unstated assumptions. Given the drawbacks of both methods, it is unclear whether simple quantitative models improve environmental decision making over expert opinion. In this study, we explore how well students, using their experience and judgment, manage simulated fishery populations in an online computer game and compare their management outcomes to the performance of model‐based decisions. We consider harvest decisions generated using four different quantitative models: (1) the model used to produce the simulated population dynamics observed in the game, with the values of all parameters known (as a control), (2) the same model, but with unknown parameter values that must be estimated during the game from observed data, (3) models that are structurally different from those used to simulate the population dynamics, and (4) a model that ignores age structure. Humans on average performed much worse than the models in cases 1–3, but in a small minority of scenarios, models produced worse outcomes than those resulting from students making decisions based on experience and judgment. When the models ignored age structure, they generated poorly performing management decisions, but still outperformed students using experience and judgment 66% of the time.
No Safe Havens: Protective Parenting Strategies for African American Youth Living in Violent Communities
Authors: Voisin Dexter , Berringer Kathryn , Takahashi Lois , Burr Sean , Kuhnen Jessica
Published: June 2016

Africans American youth experience disproportionately high rates of exposure to community violence. Such exposures are associated with a myriad of physical and mental health challenges. However, few qualitative studies have examined the ways in which parental figures have attempted to manage youth exposure to violence. This study recruited 4 focus groups composed of the parents of African American youth (n= 54). Participants reported that (a) there were no safe places immune from community violence, (b) there were no populations or subgroups protected from community violence, and (c) strategies to manage exposure to violence were often defined by the gender of the child. Although common protective parental strategies included mixed benefits, they ranged from “sheltering” (keeping children off the streets), “chauffeuring” (transporting or accompanying children to and from places), “removal” (enrolling children in schools outside of the neighborhood), and attempting “to rebuild the village.” However, several of these strategies had constraints including money, time, and child maturation. Based on these findings, we offer research, policy, and practice implications in response to community violence exposure among this population.
Domestic Violence Reported to the Police: Correlates of Victims’ Reporting Behavior and Support to Legal Proceedings
Authors: Boivin Rémi , Leclerc Chloé
Published: June 2016

This article analyzes reported incidents of domestic violence according to the source of the complaint and whether the victim initially supported judicial action against the offender. Almost three quarters of incidents studied were reported by the victim (72%), and a little more than half of victims initially wanted to press charges (55%). Using multinomial logistic regression models, situational and individual factors are used to distinguish 4 incident profiles. Incidents in which the victim made the initial report to the police and wished to press charges are the most distinct and involve partners who were already separated at the time of the incident or had a history of domestic violence. The other profiles also show important differences.
Development and Psychometric Evaluation of a Self-Administered Questionnaire to Assess Parental Attitudes Toward Firearms and Related Parenting Decisions
Authors: Davis Amy B. , White Marney A.
Published: June 2016

The study sought to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Parental Attitudes Toward Firearms Survey (PATFS), a self-report measure of parental attitudes about firearms and parenting behavior. The initial item pool was generated based on a literature review and discussion with experts in violence reduction, psychometrics, and public health. Data were collected online from 362 volunteers and subjected to exploratory factor analysis which revealed a 13-item, 3-factor solution accounting for 59.7% of the variance. The 3 conceptual factors (subscales) were interpreted asFirearms Exposure,Parental Control, andViolent Play. The PATFS demonstrated good internal consistency and content and construct validity. The PATFS can be used to investigate parenting attitudes and behaviors specific to firearms and violent play.
Identifying Potential Care Management Candidates: The Use of Diagnosis-Based Models to Predict 5-Year Health Care Costs
Authors: Robst John
Published: June 2016

Objective: This article examined individual characteristics associated with having higher costs in a 5-year period to identify patients that may potentially benefit from case management.

Methods: Florida Medicaid claims data from 2005 to 2010 were used to examine the characteristics, diagnoses, and services (in 2005) associated with individual costs in 5 future years (2006–2010). The data were divided into estimation and prediction samples with regression models estimated using diagnoses and service use in 2005 to predict future costs. Predictive power was assessed by applying the model results to the prediction sample and comparing predicted costs to actual costs.

Results: Demographics, service use, and diagnosis in 2005 were associated with costs in the following 5 years. Models were predictive of future costs with a significant relationship between the predicted costs and actual costs.

Conclusion: Diagnosis-based models in conjunction with prior costs can predict future costs. Individuals predicted to have higher costs may be candidates for case management to potentially avoid reduce costs.
ICT Utilization As Correlates Of Academic Performance Among Students With Visual Impairment In Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Eguavoen Edward O.
Published: June 2016

Vision, an essential part of human existence plays vital roles in the life of an individual and any hindrance to vision resulting in total or partial loss of sight creates difficulties in understanding the world around such an individual. The problem associated with academic performance of students with visual impairment has a number of indicators which have not received adequate attention from researchers in special education. This study therefore, examined the relationship of information and communication technology (ICT) utilisation on academic performance of students with visual impairment in Lagos State. The objectives of the study were to identify ICT tools, level of ICT utilisation as well as their relationship to academic .performance among students with visual impairment. Using descriptive research design of correlational type, twenty eight students with visual impairment were selected using purposive sampling technique from two special schools located within Lagos state. A structured questionnaire was used to elicit information from the respondents and data obtained were analysed using descriptive statistics and Pearson product moment correlation statistics. Two research questions were raised while one hypothesis was generated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. The results indicated that there was significant relationship between information and communication technology utilisation and academic performance of students with visual impairment in Lagos state (r = .536, P< .05). Based on the findings of the study, it is recommended that schools should adopt appropriate ICT tools that will enhance academic performance of students with visual impairment and to include ICT training skills in the curriculum of special schools.
Teacher’s Job Satisfaction And Its Relationship With Organizational Commitment In Ethiopian Primary Schools: Focus On Primary Schools Of Bonga Town
Authors: Getahun Teferi , Tefera Bekalu Ferede , Burichew Abebe Hunde
Published: June 2016

This study explored the extent of organizational commitment and how this may support or hinder a range of job satisfaction of teachers examined in the Ethiopian primary schools.The research employed correlation design. To this end, one hundred and eighteen 118 (58.1%) teachers were selected from six primary schools using simple random sampling technique and participated in the study. The researchers collected the relevant data from teachers using Spector’s (1997) adopted version of job satisfaction survey (JSS) and Meyer and Allen’s (1990) organizational commitment questionnaire (OCQ). The researchers analyzed the data using mean, standard deviation, correlation analysis and t-test. The result showed that there was evidence of positive correlation between teachers’ job satisfaction and their organizational commitment in the sampled schools. Regardless of this, the findings of the study revealed that gender was the only demographic variable that had significant positive relationship with job satisfaction. The other demographic variables such as age, gender, marital status and level of education did not show significant relationship with teachers’ job satisfaction in the sampled schools. Consequent up on this finding it was concluded that schools can enhance the level of teachers’ organizational commitment by creating a more satisfying working environment. As to the demographic variable, since some of the finding contradicts with the existing literature, we need to undertake more studies to have better understanding of the nature of the relationship between teachers demographic variables, job satisfaction and organizational commitment in developing countries context.
Determinants of Rice Productivity: An Analysis of Jaffarabad District –Balochistan (Pakistan)
Authors: Shaikh Sarfaraz Ahmed , Hongbing Ouyang , Khan Khalid , Ahmed Masood
Published: June 2016

This study examines the determinants of rice production in the district of Jaffarabad in Balochistan using primary data. The data is collected with the help of well-developed questionnaire based on random sampling from the different tehsils of Jaffarabad district. In this study, we estimated the parameters of the Neo-classical and Cobb-Douglas production function with the help of ordinary least square (OLS) method. The results of this empirical work show that with the exception of experience of farmers and high cost of the inputs, all explanatory variables i.e. capital, labor, education of the farmers, availability of credit and farm size have a positive effect on rice output. Therefore, government is recommended to encourage farmers to use fertilizers and new methods in agricultural production and watering, and provide them with convenient loans at low interest rate.
Competencias Docentes En El Uso Y Aplicación De Las Tic En San Juan Girón (Colombia)
Authors: Camelo Glenn Elmer Hernández , Torres Juan Manuel Trujillo
Published: June 2016

The study is part of a doctoral research on a model of teacher training to address approach the teaching process by educational technology, which aims to establish the percentage of teachers in the municipality of San Juan Giron (Colombia) with technology skills information and communication and how many of them apply them in the classroom. A questionnaire and an interview with principals, coordinators, teachers and students who are part of the public education system was applied. Data on correlation nonparametric tests, frequency tables and histograms and two-dimensional descriptive statistics in order to quantify the degree of association between variables analyzes were performed. The results relate to the percentages of skills in information and communication technologies which has the population studied, showing low rates of application of the same in the education sector and in the classroom. Among the most notable contributions it was found that the educational community is aware of the existence of technological tools but is not trained in the management of computing resources or the development of educational resources to support teaching because of the lack of effective plans educational and training models of teacher training, which has not allowed the pedagogical use of ICT in educational institutions. It is necessary to develop and implement a model of teacher training in ICT to respond to the educational reality of the schools in San Juan Giron.
Evaluation Exhaustive De La Diversité Des Plantes Aromatiques Et Médicinales De La Péninsule Tingitane (Maroc)
Authors: Ouziki Mohamed , Taiqui Lahcen
Published: June 2016

Aromatic and Medicinal Plants (AMP) represent a large part of biodiversity. However, in the absence of a detailed record of this diversity, research and AMP development projects are generally limited to a small portion of ethnobotanical heritage. To guide prospection, exploitation and conservation studies of the existing potential, a comprehensive evaluation of the natural diversity of AMP is required. The western Rif region in northern Morocco, which area represents less than 1% of national territory, is home to about 50% of the Moroccan floristic richness (2053 species and infraspecific taxa). This heritage includes 630 taxa from which only 23 are currently exploited and merely 57% are recognized by ethno-botanists. Among these assets, a list is drawn up containing 106 taxa with a special conservation status (very rare or rare taxa, and / or endemic and / or threatened) and some of which are widely exploited. From a phytosociological point of view and based on an available database of 449 floristic samples, natural forest stands and matorrals contain about 27% of all MAP of the study area. These AMP organize almost half the floristic composition of sclerophyllous forests (oleaster, kermes oak and cork oak forest) and about a third of the richness of each of the other groups analyzed (thermophilic formations, pure fir, limestone mountains forest, calcifuges deciduous, maritime pine, matorrals). Mountain groups are the richest in exclusive, endemic, rare and endangered AMP.