bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Calculation methodology of current distribution in traction networks of AC current
Authors: Kosarev A. B. , Kosarev B. I.
Published: October 2018

Several publications have been devoted to the development of traction power supply for alternating current [1, 2]. They set the task of considering the resistance of the external power supply system and power traction transformers when calculating the current distribution in traction networks. With all the merits of the existing methods for calculating these resistances, there are discrepancies in the published sources in determining the parameters of the equivalent circuit for the traction power supply system [3, 4, 5, 6]. In the present work, the authors propose a technique for calculating reduced to a voltage of 27.5 kV equivalent resistances of an external power supply system and a power traction transformer. An equivalent circuit for replacing the traction power supply system is substantiated, allowing to take into account the voltage drop on the overall resistance of the external power supply system from the traction currents of the considered and adjacent feeder zones, as well as transit currents flowing through the power lines. Using the method of symmetrical components it was obtained that when calculating the internal resistance of a traction substation consisting of the resistances of the longitudinal power supply line and the power traction transformer, it is necessary to use the calculated formulas obtained when taking into account the actual current distribution in the secondary (traction) winding of the power traction transformer. It is shown that the traction network equivalent circuit for the calculation of short-circuit currents, given in [1, 2], does not reflect the real current distribution relationships in traction networks. The main reason for the inconsistency of the scheme proposed by a number of experts with the existing traction power supply system is determined by an unjustified transition from an asymmetric system “three-phase transmission line - transformer - power supply system - single-phase traction network” to a single-line calculation scheme. When calculating the current distribution according to this scheme, there is no metallic connection of the track with one of the phases (more often phase C ) of the power traction transformer. The absence of this connection leads to the flow of traction currents between the district and traction substations, short-circuit current on the ground, which is not permissible.
Development of the system of management accounting of costs of the railway transport complex
Authors: Miroshnichenko O. F. , Oginskaya A. E.
Published: October 2018

In order to improve the efficiency of long distance transport, it is necessary for all participants in the process to optimize the costs of infrastructure services by introducing advanced technologies for the organization of the transportation process, the maintenance and repair of infrastructure, the quality of passenger service. In addition, it is necessary to improve the management accounting of costs for this type of activity. At present, the attribution of the costs of the owner of the railway infrastructure is regulated by the procedure for the separate accounting of incomes and expenditures by subjects of natural monopolies in the sphere of railway transportation. The article analyzes the dynamics of costs in the provision of infrastructure services in the long-distance, the need to improve the existing procedure for recording costs for a group of articles of the passenger economy, both in the long-distance and in suburban communications, is justified. A new tool for allocating costs by type of activity was proposed on the basis of the survey. The application of the proposed cost accounting mechanism for a group of articles related to passenger service at railway stations will allow forming a financial result more accurately and fairly by production processes and activities, and to reduce the unprofitability of Russian Railways when providing long-distance infrastructure services.
Determining the force of interaction in a wheel - rail system based on measuring stresses in rails neck
Authors: Romen Yu. S. , Suslov O. A. , Balyaeva A. A.
Published: October 2018

When implementing new or modernized rolling the train in most cases is in the range of 0.9-0.95 and varies de-stock, one of the main problems is the provision of both traffic pending on the position in the track of a group of wheelsets. The safety, and the strength of the carriage and the ways that are de-correlation level of the frame force measured in the carriage and termined by forces in the wheel - rail system. It is almost impossible the sum of lateral forces by its average values is 0.98. A practical to directly measure the forces of interaction between the crew and method for determining the forces of interaction with respect to the track. Their determination can be carried out by measuring the stresses in the neck of a rail was proposed by Schlumpf. It involves stresses in rails, the interdependencies of which with forces are of determining the difference of the moments in the two cross sections a probabilistic nature. Correlation of the strength and stresses for of the rail neck with the angular moment of resistance to bending being equal. In this case, when the scale factors are equal to the difference of the moments, the lateral force is determined. The calculations were made by subtracting electrical signals (four strain gauges were included in the shoulders of the Wheatstone bridge), and a separate bridge was used to determine the vertical load. Errors in determining the lateral force are due to inaccurate location of the sensor sticking, the difference in the dimensions of the rail neck and the displacement of the point of application of the vertical load on the rail head. However, since the maximum forces are realized when the wheel climbs on the rail, this displacement varies insignificantly. Therefore, the results obtained can be used in conducting certification tests. The method of digital processing of data on stresses at three points of the rail neck requires for its implementation more strain gages, but the accuracy of its results is much higher, since it depends only on the errors of preliminary calibration of the cross sections. The error in calculating the forces does not exceed 4%, which shows the expediency of using the three-point method in determining the interaction forces to establish the conditions of circulation.
Development of the information platform of the station ACS through interaction with the rolling stock identiﬁcation systems, control complexes for sorting automation and satellite navigation devices
Authors: Khizhnyak M. A.
Published: October 2018

The improvement of automated control systems for stations (ASUST) occurs synchronously and in accordance with the development of modern technologies used to equip railroad stations. Timely ﬁxing of all relevant technologically signiﬁcant operations and conditions, including those from external devices, in the ASUST information model allows to develop the information platform of the system, expand its functional capabilities. Despite the progressive nature of the systems that integrate information into the ASUST, which drive its dynamic models in parallel to various control objects, they are characterized by a narrow proﬁle and a speciﬁc set of data that is insufﬁcient for comprehensive mana gement and planning of the station operation. None of the integrated sources of information can fully replace ASUST in its entirety. ASUST facilities combine, analyze and optimize all data ﬂow possible for a given control object, making cross-sections and selections that allow station employees to quickly perform their functional duties. In some cases, the resultant control system product is a control solution or a prompt. The article considers the structure of the information system ASUST-2018, the main characteristics of some systems of hump automation, commercial inspection of trains and cars, control of inventory numbers of cars, satellite navigation. Data integrating ﬂows are described with the deﬁnition of those that can be used to intellectualize the making of control decisions by the station duty ofﬁcers (SDO).
Inﬂuence of the parameters of the car wheel ﬂanges on the safety operation in turnouts
Authors: Glyuzberg B. E.
Published: October 2018

The article study conditions for the passage of wheelsets along turnouts from the point of view of ensuring trafﬁc safety. The norms and tolerances for geometric dimensions in the “wheelset - rail gauge” system are interrelated. Proceeding from this interrelation, an analysis is performed on the probability of occurrence of adverse events in the passage through the turnouts of wheelsets having ﬂanges with different wear values. The thickness of the ﬂanges of the car wheels has a great inﬂuence on the safe passage by the rolling stock on the allocated switch point. When wheels is running on allocated point, disorders occurred in track gauge, tongue gapping to the stock rail, and in the case of frequent repetition of these phenomena - even bends and breaks in connecting rods directly threaten the safety of driving on turnouts. Within one article, it is impossible to consider all the features of the movement of rolling stock in turnouts. As an example, conditions for the passage of a wheelset through a frog unit are considered. It can be seen from the materials presented in the article that the current normative base of the geometric dimensions of the “wheelset - rail gauge” system is justiﬁed by the result of extensive and comprehensive scientiﬁc research. The experience of several decades of operation is conﬁrmed by the fact that this regulatory framework provides for the transportation process and the safety of the movement of trains in turnouts. Introduction of changes in the “wheelset - rail gauge” measuring system should be based on analysis of the actual state of wheel sets and the parameters of the track gauge in turnouts. In particular, in order to determine the possibility of changing the rejection size of the minimum thickness, it is necessary:• to conduct mass measurements of wheelsets and turnouts in operation; to perform processing of the obtained data with the identiﬁcation of dependencies between different combinations of sizes, including relations between the thickness of the ﬂange and the slope of its generatrix; to perform dynamic-strength tests to determine the dependence of stresses and deformations of the elements of the switches during the passage of wheelsets with different thicknesses and angles of inclination of the ﬂanges; to reveal the available opportunities for changes in the “wheelset - rail gauge” measuring system, taking into account the durability and reliability of switch points; to develop a new methodology for calculating the adverse events that occur during wheelsets passage along the turnouts.
A probabilistic estimate of the vertical dynamic forces acting on the track, in the model of a three-layer beam under the inﬂuence of a four-axle freight car
Authors: Mikhaylov S. V. , Gonik M. M.
Published: October 2018

The article contains a method for determining the ma-the permanent way as deﬂections, angles of section rotation, bending trix of mutual spectral densities of vertical dynamic forces acting on a moments, transverse forces, stresses of its three-layer structures. railway track, depending on its spectrum of irregularities. It will allow to Mathematical model of track oscillations is used for calculations make a more accurate calculation of the mean values and mean-square as a construction containing three inﬁnitely long beams, the lower deviations of vertical dynamic forces, as well as such characteristics of of which lies on the modiﬁed Winkler base. Authors present formulas for ﬁnding amplitude-frequency characteristics connecting vertical deﬂections of structural layers and vertical dynamic load acting on a track. A method is described for ﬁnding a matrix of mutual spectral densities of vertical dynamic forces acting on a track having real deviations from its position in the proﬁle, with the passage through it of a four-axle freight car. Considered example ﬁnds the amplitude-frequency characteristic that connects the vector of dynamic forces in the contacts of wheels and rails with the vector of vertical displacements of wheel centers for the model of a four-axle car. Concluding authors give the results of calculations of the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the elements of the matrix of mutual spectral densities of vertical dynamic forces acting on the track. The received statistical estimations can be used at calculations of service life of ballastless track constructions and loading on roadbed.
Modular concept of the use of fitting platforms for expanding the range of transported goods
Authors: Mozgrin S. V.
Published: October 2018

The article considers the possibility of using a modular concept for placing and fixing various kinds of goods with the help of an innovative method of using fitting stops for transportation by rail fitting platforms. It was noted that an increase in the efficiency of rail transport is facilitated by the expansion of the nomenclature of goods transported on a specialized rolling stock. Conditions for the use of fittings for the transportation of long rails have been analyzed, and also the shortcomings of the existing technology of locating and fastening goods have been revealed. A method is suggested, the application of which will allow expanding the range of goods transported on one of the types of rolling stock - fitting platforms. The conducted researches confirm the technological effectiveness and economic attractiveness of the modular concept of the use of fitting platforms. It is noted that giving the specialized rolling stock the properties of universality will help expand the scope of use of a fleet of cars of this type. Further implementation of the necessary technical and economic calculations and tests is planned for the practical implementation of the developed concept of the transportation of long goods on fitting platforms.
Modern methodology for the development of parametric models for determining the cost of transporting freights for tariff setting purposes
Authors: Efimova E. N. , Manevich P. B. , Shmelev A. V.
Published: October 2018

One of the key problems of organizing an effective The article considers problems of the influence of technical transportation process is an adequate reflection of the current and technological parameters of freight transportation by rail on pricing factors in the tariff system. This can be done on the basis of the cost price for tariff purposes, the distribution of the cost of the the development of appropriate models for determining the cost initial-final operation between loaded and empty cars, determinaof transportation. Modeling the cost of transporting freights by rail tion of coefficients taking into account the length of cars and the for tariff purposes is based on determining and assessing the rela-distance of transportation, as well as the methodology for the distionship between transportation costs and work indexes. tribution of costs between the initial-final and motion operations. Proposed updated methodology for constructing parametric models for determining the cost of transportation of freights for tariff setting purposes includes: method of itemized distribution of expenditures between non-commercial organizations and affiliated subsidiaries in terms of infrastructure and traction; procedure for allocating the costs, attributed to affiliated subsidiaries, to the indexes “ton-kilometer gross” and “car-kilometer”; system of itemized distribution of freight costs for the indexes of the transportation operation, as well as the system for calculating the aggregate expenditure rates (AER) used in parametric models of the cost price; actualized assessment of the influence of the length of the car on the cost value for tariff setting purposes; procedure for allocating the cost of initial-final operations between loaded and empty cars. The developed parametric models for calculating the cost of transportation for tariff purposes for transportation by the locomotive of the JSC “Russian Railways” take into account such factors as the distance of transportation, the weight of the container and the length of the car, its loading, the type of shipment. Within the framework of creating new parametric models, the following factors have been updated: coefficients that take into account the length of the car; coefficients that take into account the effect on the cost of production up to the distance of transportation in connection with the change in the relative distance of carriage of the car as part of mixed and transfer-and-export trains; coefficients depending on the type of shipment.
Coordination of technology of railway operation of the Republic of Tajikistan and organization of railways in international traffic
Authors: Pulatov P. N.
Published: October 2018

Current geopolitical and economic conditions for the functioning of railway transport in most post-Soviet states are such that it is extremely difficult to provide required quality of transport services and break-even operations at high expenses for maintaining the railway infrastructure and rolling stock. Dynamics of transportation of the Tajik Railway (TSR) is shown, which displays that most of its sections are classified as low-intensity ones. The paper proposes methodical principles, setting and qualitative analysis of the task of rationalization of operational work and organization of car flows for international transportation, taking into account the specifics of the Tajik Railway. There is a problem of complex maintenance of the efficiency of operational work in modern conditions based on the synthesis of the tasks of self-management (rational internal operational technology of the Tajik Railway) and coordination tasks (technological interaction with railway administrations of other states). Author substantiated the necessity of solving this problem. Proposed classification of technological restrictions and controlled variables in the performance of transport takes into account methods for changing external conditions for the functioning of the railway landfill and methods for increasing internal efficiency of its operation. The search for the solution of the problem involves direct search of variants along its ordered set with clipping of groups of variants that do not correspond to constraints, with the subsequent finding of compromise control over a set of effective alternatives.
Modeling the train operation of the mainline locomotive
Authors: Silyuta A. G. , Kossov E. E.
Published: October 2018

To date, there is a large number of programs that simulate the train operation of the locomotive using the method of traction calculations. As input data in the program, information is entered about the track section, locomotive and train composition. The drawback of modeling the train motion using the traction calculation method is the obtaining of a local unimportant result for a particular section of the track. The article proposes a new approach to modeling the operation of freight mainline locomotive. The train operation of the mainline locomotive is represented by a limited number of generalized modes depending in turn on a limited set of initial conditions - the profile of the track section, the weight of the train, the speed of the locomotive, etc. In this case, the elements of the set of initial conditions are random variables. The advantage of the proposed approach is the ability to give a generalized assessment of the change in the performance of the locomotive train when introducing new elements and control algorithms into the diesel generator unit without linking to a particular section of the track. Comparison of the time of work on the positions of the driver's controller was obtained during the year by mathematical modeling and experienced runs with diesel locomotives of the 2TE116U series at Oktyabrskaya Railway, a branch of the Russian Railways. It showed that the maximum discrepancy between calculated and experimental data does not exceed 5 %. The proposed algorithm for simulating the train operation of the freight mainline locomotive allows reproducing the locomotive train performance parameters with an acceptable accuracy for practice. It can be used to obtain quantitative estimates of the impact of changes in the performance of the train operation of long-distance freight diesel locomotives when new elements and control algorithms are introduced into the diesel generator unit.
Validation of mathematical model of electrothermal calculation of DC catenary on the basis of scale model
Authors: Paranin A. V. , Batrashov A. B.
Published: October 2018

The article compares the results of calculation of the finite element simulation of current and temperature distribution in the scale model of the DC catenary with the data of laboratory tests. Researches were carried on various versions of the structural design of catenary model, reflecting the topological features of the wire connection, characteristic of the DC contact network. The proportions of the cross-sectional area of the scaled model wires are comparable to each other with the corresponding values for real DC catenary. The article deals with the operating conditions of the catenary model in the modes of transit and current collection. When studying the operation of the scale catenary model in the transit mode, the effect of the structural elements on the current distribution and heating of the wires was obtained. Within the framework of the scale model, theoretical assumptions about the current overload of the supporting cable near the middle anchoring have been confirmed. In the current collection mode, the experimental dependences of the current in the transverse wires of the scale model are obtained from the coordinate of the current collection point. Using the model it was experimentally confirmed that in the section of the contact wire with local wear, not only the temperature rise occurs but also the current redistribution due to the smaller cross section. Thus, the current share in other longitudinal wires of the scale model increases and their temperature rises. Scale and mathematical models are constructed with allowance for laboratory clamps and supporting elements that participate in the removal of heat from the investigated wires. Obtained study results of the scale model allow to draw a conclusion about the adequacy of the mathematical model and its correspondence to the real physical process. These conclusions indicate the possibility of applying mathematical model for calculating real catenary, taking into account the uneven contact wear wire and the armature of the contact network.
Tribology of rail bogie
Authors: Markov D. P.
Published: October 2018

Railway bogie is the basic element that determines the force, kinematic, power and other parameters of the rolling stock, and its movement in the railway track has not been studied enough. Classical calculation of the kinematic and dynamic parameters of the bogie's motion with the determination of the position of its center of rotation, the instantaneous axes of rotation of wheelsets, the magnitudes and directions of all forces present a difficult problem even in quasi-static theory. The paper shows a simplified method that allows one to explain, within the limits of one article, the main kinematic and force parameters of the bogie movement (installation angles, clearance between the wheel flanges and side surfaces of the rails), wear and contact damage to the wheels and rails. Tribology of the railway bogie is an important part of transport tribology, the foundation of the theory of wheel-rail tribosystem, without which it is impossible to understand the mechanisms of catastrophic wear, derailments, contact fatigue, cohesion of wheels and rails. In the article basic questions are considered, without which it is impossible to analyze the movement of the bogie: physical foundations of wheel movement along the rail, types of relative motion of contacting bodies, tribological characteristics linking the force and kinematic parameters of the bogie. Kinematics and dynamics of a two-wheeled bogie-rail bicycle are analyzed instead of a single wheel and a wheelset, which makes it clearer and easier to explain how and what forces act on the bogie and how they affect on its position in the rail track. To calculate the motion parameters of a four-wheeled bogie, it is represented as two two-wheeled, moving each on its own rail. Connections between them are replaced by moments with respect to the point of contact between the flange of the guide wheel and the rail. This approach made it possible to give an approximate estimation of the main kinematic and force parameters of the motion of an ideal bogie (without axes skewing) in curves, to understand how the corners of the bogie installation and the gaps between the flanges of the wheels and rails vary when moving with different speeds, how wear and contact injuries arise and to give recommendations for their assessment and elimination.
Reliability and functional safety as the main components of the quality of passenger cars
Authors: Petrov S. V. , Raykov G. V. , Kornev Yu. V. , Karavanova N. B.
Published: October 2018

Quality of passenger cars is a complex property, depending on the reliability and functional safety of the cars. Therefore, guided by the standard definition of the term "quality", satisfaction of the parties concerned, in this case passengers, customer, carrier, infrastructure owner, supplier or state supervision bodies, can be achieved by meeting the requirements objectively established to the noted indicators. In order to establish the requirements for the reliability and functional safety of passenger cars, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: Selection of the nomenclature of indicators taking into account the peculiarities of using passenger cars for their intended purpose. Development of calculation methods and selection of parameters of test plans for reliability for the established nomenclature of indicators. Determination of the achieved level of reliability and safety of cars based on selected indicators. Establishment of standardized values of indicators taking into account achieved level on the basis of the principle of reasonable sufficiency. The article shows the nomenclature of the applied indicators of reliability and safety of passenger cars, as well as formulas for their calculation, accepted criteria for failures and limiting states of cars, requirements for the accuracy and reliability of the measured indicators. The work concludes that the establishment of requirements for indicators of reliability and functional safety of passenger cars allows taking into account the interests of all involved parties. For passengers, infrastructure owner and state supervision bodies, interests in the field of traffic safety will be taken into account; for the carrier - these requirements will be taken into account in terms of timely and safe transportation of passengers; for the customer - in terms of ensuring the good technical condition of the cars; for the manufacturer - in terms of preserving the reputation, ensuring the competitiveness of products, reducing costs to eliminate inconsistencies in its quality.
Actividad del fuego en áreas forestales de México a partir de sensores remotos y su sensibilidad a la sequía
Authors: Cisneros-González Darío , Zúñiga-Vásquez José Manuel , Pompa-García Marín
Published: October 2018

Los incendios forestales en México son reguladores naturales en la dinámica de los ecosistemas forestales. Sin embargo, su mala gestión puede causar consecuencias catastróficas, que afectan a los elementos de los ecosistemas donde se presenten. Fuentes oficiales indican un incremento en los últimos años en su ocurrencia y en la superficie afectada. Estudios recientes indican que los incendios forestales están estrechamente vinculados a fenómenos climáticos. Por lo tanto, el objetivo principal de este trabajo fue evaluar la relación entre la sequía y la ocurrencia de incendios en México durante el período 2005-2016. Los datos de fuego se obtuvieron del espectrorradiómetro de imágenes de resolución moderada (Modis, por sus siglas en inglés) mientras que los datos de sequía se fundamentaron en el índice estandarizado de precipitación y evapotranspiración (SPEI). A través del estadístico G de Getis-Ord se determinó geoespacialmente donde se ubica la mayor incidencia de incendios forestales y la mayor área afectada. Se observó que los incendios se agrupan en el centro del país a lo largo de la Sierra Madre del Sur y en el Eje Neovolcánico. Además, se concluye que la sequía se ve relacionada con la ocurrencia de incendios forestales y su superficie afectada en 32% y 38% respectivamente. Este estudio contribuye a investigaciones recientes que relacionan la influencia de los fenómenos climáticos con el fuego.
Bride-Wealth: Is There Respect for Women in Manggarai, Eastern Indonesia?
Authors: Lon Yohanes Servatius , Widyawati Fransiska
Published: October 2018

This study explores the perspective of women in Manggarai, Flores Island in Indonesia, and the communaltraditional concept of bride-wealth as a symbol of respect for women. This study uses a qualitative approach by interviewing forty women, both married and unmarried. The respondents were asked their opinion regarding their imagination about bride-wealth and its influence on their courtship, engagement, wedding, and married life. The results indicated the presence of a gap between the social imagination of bride-wealth and the women’s true experience. Most respondents stated how bride-wealth had strained their relationship and become a source of worry. The study therefore argues that bride-wealth as a sign of respect for women in Manggarai is merely a social imagination ingrained into the women’s expectations. The study also indicates that education has changed the status of women and enables them to be independent.
Copula Model Selection of Stock Return Time Series Using Information Complexity
Authors: Salim Jana
Published: October 2018

In this paper we estimate the correlation between four different stock return prices. To accomplish this, we use the copula models to study the dependency structure between the variables. The original variables of interest are mapped into more manageable variables by considering joint and marginal distributions of these variables. Then a correlational structure between these variables are obtained. We fit several well-known copula models to the portfolio of the stock return price dataset using consistent information complexity (CICOMP) criterion along with other AIC-type criteria to choose the best copula functional model. CICOMP predominated the AIC-type criterion, both in the case when the fitted models are correctly specified. We expect to get more realistic results using other copula distributions contrary to the Gaussian copula used by Li (2000) that fails to capture the dependence between extreme events. 
Potential for the development of light therapies in mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Raikes Adam C , Killgore William DS
Published: October 2018

Light affects almost all aspects of human physiological functioning, including circadian rhythms, sleep–wake regulation, alertness, cognition and mood. We review the existing relevant literature on the effects of various wavelengths of light on these major domains, particularly as they pertain to recovery from mild traumatic brain injuries. Evidence suggests that light, particularly in the blue wavelengths, has powerful alerting, cognitive and circadian phase shifting properties that could be useful for treatment. Other wavelengths, such as red and green may also have important effects that, if targeted appropriately, might also be useful for facilitating recovery. Despite the known effects of light, more research is needed. We recommend a personalized medicine approach to the use of light therapy as an adjunctive treatment for patients recovering from mild traumatic brain injury.
Fully Understanding Concept Possession
Authors: Verdejo Víctor M.
Published: October 2018

Can subjects genuinely possess concepts they do not understand fully? A simple argument can show that, on the assumption that possession conditions are taken to fully individuate concepts, this question must be answered in the negative.In this paper, I examine this negative answer as possibly articulated within Christopher Peacocke’s seminal theory. I then discuss four central lines of attack to the view that possession of concepts requires full understanding. I conclude that theorists should acknowledge the existence of indefinitely many cases of genuine concept possession for partially understood concepts and therefore face the determination challenge, namely, the challenge of fully determining concept individuation from concept possession conditions of partially understood concepts.
Aeroelastic assessment of a highly loaded high pressure compressor exposed to pressure gain combustion disturbances
Authors: Bicalho Civinelli de Almeida Victor , Peitsch Dieter
Published: October 2018

A numerical aeroelastic assessment of a highly loaded high pressure compressor exposed to flow disturbances is presented in this paper. The disturbances originate from novel, inherently unsteady, pressure gain combustion processes, such as pulse detonation, shockless explosion, wave rotor or piston topping composite cycles. All these arrangements promise to reduce substantially the specific fuel consumption of present-day aeronautical engines and stationary gas turbines. However, their unsteady behavior must be further investigated to ensure the thermodynamic efficiency gain is not hindered by stage performance losses. Furthermore, blade excessive vibration (leading to high cycle fatigue) must be avoided, especially under the additional excitations frequencies from waves traveling upstream of the combustor.

Two main numerical analyses are presented, contrasting undisturbed with disturbed operation of a typical industrial core compressor. The first part of the paper evaluates performance parameters for a representative blisk stage with high-accuracy 3D unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes computations. Isentropic efficiency as well as pressure and temperature unsteady damping are determined for a broad range of disturbances. The nonlinear harmonic balance method is used to determine the aerodynamic damping. The second part provides the aeroelastic harmonic forced response of the rotor blades, with aerodynamic damping and forcing obtained from the unsteady calculations in the first part. The influence of blade mode shapes, nodal diameters and forcing frequency matching is also examined.
Совместная дискретная универсальность дзета-функций Лерха
Authors: Лауринчикас А. , Минцевич А.
Published: October 2018

После 1975 г. работы Воронина известно, что некоторые дзета и L-функции универсальны в том смысле, что их сдвигами приближается широкий класс аналитических функций. Рассматриваются два типа сдвигов: непрерывный и дискретный.

В работе изучается универсальность дзета-функций Лерха L(λ,α,s), s = σ + it, которые в полуплоскости σ > 1 определяются рядами Дирихле с членами e2πiλm(m + α)−sс фиксированными параметрами λ ∈ R и α, 0 < α ≤ 1, и мероморфно продолжаются на всю комплексную плоскость. Получены совместные дискретные теоремы универсальности для дзета-функций Лерха. Именно, набор аналитических функций f1(s),...,fr(s) одновременно приближаются сдвигами L(λ1,α1,s + ikh),...,L(λr,αr,s + ikh), k = 0,1,2,..., где h > 0 - фиксированное число. При этом требуется линейная независимость над полем рациональных чисел множества{(log(m + αj) : m ∈N0, j = 1,...,r), }. Доказательство теорем универсальности использует вероятностные предельные теоремы о слабой сходимости вероятностных мер в пространстве аналитических функций.
Классификация последовательностей на основе коротких мотивов
Authors: Офицеров Е. П.
Published: October 2018

Задачи, связанные с классификацией последовательностей символов некоторого алфавита, часто возникают в таких областях, как биоинформатика и обработка естественного языка. Методы глубокого обучения, в особенности модели на основе рекуррентных нейронных сетей, в последние несколько лет зарекомендовали себя как наиболее эффективный способ решения подобных задач. Однако существующие подходы имеют серьезный недостаток — низкую интерпретируемость получаемых результатов. Крайне сложно установить какие именно свойства входной последовательности ответственны за её принадлежность к тому или иному классу. Упрощение же таких моделей с целью повышения их интерпретируемости, в свою очередь, приводит к снижению качества классификации. Такие недостатки ограничивают применение современных методов машинного обучения во многих предметных областях. В настоящей работе мы представляем принципиально новую, интерпретируемую архитектуру нейронных сетей, основанную на поиске набора коротких подпоследовательностей — мотивов, наличие которых влияет на принадлежность последовательности к определенному классу. Ключевой составляющей предлагаемого решения является разработанный нами алгоритм дифференцируемого выравнивания, являющийся дифференцируемым аналогом таких классических способов сравнения строк, как редакционное расстояние Левенштейна и алгоритм Смита–Ватермана. В отличие от предыдущих работ, посвященных классификации последовательностей на основе мотивов, новый метод позволяет не только выполнять поиск в произвольной части строки, но и учитывать возможные вставки.
О базисах тождеств многообразий группоидов отношений
Authors: Бредихин Д. А.
Published: October 2018

Множество бинарных отношений, замкнутое относительно некоторой совокупности операций над ними, образует алгебру, называемую алгеброй отношений. Всякую такую алгебру можно рассматривать как упорядоченную отношением теоретико-множественного включения. Для заданного множества Ω операций над бинарными отношениями обозначим через V  ar{Ω} [V ar{Ω,⊂}] многообразие, порождённое алгебрами [соответственно упорядоченными алгебрами] отношений с операциями из Ω. Операции над отношениями, как правило, задаются формулами исчисления предикатов первого порядка. Такие операции называются логическими. Важным классом логических операция является класс диофантовых операций. Операция называется диофантовой, если она может быть задана с помощью формулы, которая в своей предваренной нормальной форме содержит лишь операции конъюнкции и кванторы существования. В работе изучаются алгебры отношений с одной бинарной диофантовой операцией, то есть группоиды отношений. В качестве рассматриваемой операции выступает диофантова операция *, определяемая следующим образом: ρ*σ = {( x,у) ∈ X × X : (∃z)( x, z) ∈ ρ∧( x, z) ∈ σ}. Отношение ρ*σ представляет собой результат цилиндрификации пересечения ρ∩σ бинарных отношений ρ и σ. В работе находятся конечные базисы тождеств для многообразий V ar{*} иVar{*,⊂}. Группоид (A, ) принадлежит многообразиюV ar{*} тогда и только тогда, когда он удовлетворяет тождествам: xy = уx (1), (xу)2= xу (2), (xу)у = xу (3), x2у2= x2у (4), (x2у2)z = x2(у2z) (5). Упорядоченный группоид (A,·,≤) принадлежит многообразию V ar{*,⊂} тогда и только тогда, когда он удовлетворяет тождествам (1)–(5) и тождествам: х ≤ x2(6), xу ≤ x2(7). В качестве следствия также получен конечный базис тождеств многообразияVar{*,∪}.
ASPECTOS ÉTICOS E BIOÉTICOS ENCONTRADOS NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE
Authors: Manuela Marta Santos Rose , Almeida Couto Tatiana , Donha Yarid Sérgio
Published: October 2018

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo verificar na literatura nacional e internacional a abordagem dos aspectos éticos e bioéticos encontrados na atenção primária à saúde. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de revisão integrativa baseada no levantamento de artigos nas bases de dados do Portal da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e Scopus. Foram incluídos artigos originais completos, disponíveis nas línguas inglesa, portuguesa e espanhola publicados no período de 2007 a 2016. Foram excluídos os artigos de reflexão, de revisão sistemática, integrativa e bibliográfica. Para compor a análise de dados desta pesquisa foram selecionados 11 artigos. Os resultados apontam que o profissional de saúde tem dificuldade em identificar os problemas éticos encontrados e tem pouca afinidade com os princípios bioéticos para o auxílio nas tomadas de decisão, no entanto, compreendem a importância da reformulação da formação profissional voltada de forma a capacitar os profissionais para o enfrentamento desses problemas. Tornou-se evidente que são escassas pesquisas que incluem o olhar do usuário diante dos problemas vivenciados tanto por eles quanto pelos profissionais. Pode-se concluir que os profissionais devem estar capacitados para administrarem os problemas advindos da atenção primária, principalmente no que tange a formação na graduação, além de pesquisas com o olhar do usuário sobre os problemas.
The effect of the synthesis conditions on structure and photocatalytic activity of Nb2O5 nanostructures
Authors: Gómez Caterine , Rodríguez-Páez Jorge
Published: October 2018

In this work, niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5) nanoparticles of varying sizes and
morphology were synthesized using the controlled precipitation method.
Ammonium niobate oxylate hydrate (NH4)H2[NbO(C2O4)3] ? 3H2O was used as a
niobium precursor and distilled water or acetic acid was used as solvent.
The obtained solids were characterized using Fourier transform infrared and
Raman spectroscopies, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron
microscopy. The as-synthesized solid precipitate was amorphous, but after
heat treatment between 500?C and 600?C, the T-Nb2O5 phase was obtained.
The size of the primary particles of the niobium pentoxide was nanometric
(<100 nm), with agglomerate size of >500 nm, when water was used as a
solvent for synthesis. Considering the nature of the process, a possible
reaction mechanism of the precursor with the water and NH4OH was proposed,
which explains the formation of the solid within an aqueous solution.
Considering one potential use of Nb2O5 synthesized in this work, the
photo-degradation action of the particles on the organic molecule methylene
blue was tested. The sample synthesized in acetic acid at pH ~9.0 and heat
treated at 600?C showed the highest photo-degradation capacity, with a
degradation of ~60% of the dye for 60 minutes.
Co-extrusion of zirconia core-shell rods with controlled porosity in the core
Authors: Kastyl Jaroslav , Pouchly Vaclav , Trunec Martin
Published: October 2018

A method for manufacturing bi-layered zirconia rods of core-shell geometry
with a porous core and a dense shell has been developed. Core-shell rods were
successfully prepared by thermoplastic co-extrusion of assembled feed rods
composed of core and shell zirconia feedstocks. Rheological analysis and
adjustment of the feedstock viscosities enabled co-extrusion of regular
core-shell rods of uniform shell thickness. Tapioca starch was used as a
pore-forming agent in the core feedstock. Binder removal and high temperature
treatment had to be modified in order to safely remove the starch particles.
Sintering analysis revealed constrained sintering of porous cores in the
core-shell rods due to the rigid dense shell, which resulted in an increased
porosity in the core. Defect-free core-shell rods with a core porosity of up
to 40% and different thicknesses of the dense shell were prepared.
The luminescence properties of yttria based phosphors and study of YBO3 formation via H3BO3 addition
Authors: Rafiaei Seyed
Published: October 2018

In this paper, Y2O3:Eu3+ nano-phosphor was synthesized through the facile
solid-state method and influence of H3BO3 addition to the prepared Y2O3:Eu3+
powder was investigated. The consumption of boric acid resulted in the
formation of YBO3 by changing the crystal structure from cubic to hexagonal.
Noteworthy, through the use of specific quantities of H3BO3 (medium amount),
Y3BO6 impurity with the monoclinic crystal structure and the space group
C2/m was formed. FESEM observations showed that the addition of H3BO3 leads
to the coarsening of the synthesized particles; changing from approximately
80 nm to 1 ?m. Also, it was concluded that the transformation of the crystal
structure causes a dramatic change of phosphor emission colours from reddish
to orange.
Are the twin or triple deficits hypotheses applicable to post-communist countries?
Authors: Şen Hüseyin , Kaya Ayşe
Published: October 2018

This study examines the validity of the twin or triple deficits hypotheses using bootstrap panel Granger causality analysis and an annual panel dataset of six post-communist countries (Russia, Poland, Ukraine, Romania, the Czech Republic, and Hungary) during the period from 1994 to 2015. The results corroborate neither the validity of the twin deficits hypothesis nor its extended version, the triple deficits hypothesis, for any of the sample countries. In other words, we find no Granger causal relationship between budget deficits and external (trade or current account) deficits or among budget deficits, private savings-investment deficits, and external deficits in the countries examined. On the basis of these results, we reject the Keynesian view of the twin or triple deficits hypotheses. Rather, we confirm the Ricardian view.
America Incorporated: Movement of Assets by Companies Chartered in the United States Across the World and Back Home
Authors: Jones David A.
Published: October 2018

This paper reports some activities of a pilot project that aimed to identify then to assess initial contributions made by selected American companies conducting business in Poland at various times since the collapse of Communism in 1991. It chronicles surveys undertaken by the author’s graduate students that included administration of questionnaires with personal interviews of company managers, obstacles encountered, efforts to overcome obstacles, implications for future research, plus preliminary projections of strategies United States government officials need to adopt to maintain repatriation of corporate profits. This research raises questions whether American FDI should be presumed to be good for either America or host countries such as Poland, as well as the extent to which the American taxpayer should tolerate sequestration of assets abroad by giant Fortune-ranked corporations that were chartered in the United States. Questions arise also concerning the propriety if not the legality of large accounting and international law firms assisting and encouraging American corporations in such efforts to hide assets abroad.
Private Equity Impact on Corporate Innovation
Authors: Hersh Israel J.
Published: October 2018

This paper focuses on the influence of Private Equity (PE) firms on corporate innovation with the purpose of identifying opportunities such as new or enhanced strategies that PE firms would use to in order to increase the success rate of their acquisitions. The paper starts with a comprehensive literature review and creates a strong theoretical foundation about PE Leveraged Buyout (LBO) companies and their impact on corporate innovation. The methods used in this paper are the case study research, which is introduced to create theory [1] and the review-centric research approach of reviewing existing theory and research as well as for creating a new model of variables and relationships [2] that can be used to validate new hypotheses. The paper introduces a new model that is based on data collection from the review of existing theory and research. The model is a collection of variables that are categorized and linked together to depict new relationships that show the PE LBOs’ influence on corporate innovation. The research also identifies inconsistency in the existing research literature as an opportunity for future research. The research is limited by the duration of a semester which is the timeframe allotted to complete the research work. Develop understanding of the reasons some LBOs fail and strategies that will help PE firms increase the success rate of their investments and create a win-win scenario for investors, employees, and the entire value chain. This paper new concepts and ideas are completely derived from the theoretical foundation and the professional experience of the author.