bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Meta-learning applied to a multivariate single-step fusion model for greenhouse gas emission forecasting in Brazil
Authors: Enamoto Liriam Michi , Santos Andre Rufino Arsenio , Weigang Li , Meneguette Rodolfo , Rocha Filho Geraldo P.
Published: July 2024

Climate change, driven by greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, causes extreme weather events, impacting ecosystems, biodiversity, population health, and the economy. Predicting GHG emissions is crucial for mitigating these impacts and planning sustainable policies. This research proposes a novel machine learning model for GHG emissions forecasting. Our model, Meta-Learning Applied to Multivariate Single-Step Fusion Model, utilizes historical GHG emissions from Brazil over the past 60 years to predict CO2 and CH4 emissions. Additionally, the model employs a unique combination of two techniques in time series forecasting: (i) in the Fusion Model, each substance is individually extracted and trained based on a specific decision task, then integrated into the same feature space; (ii) Meta-Learning allows the model to learn from past prediction tasks, leading to better generalization. Our model was compared with state-of-the-art time series models using the same dataset. The results show that our approach reduces the mean absolute percentage error by 49.06% with 95% confidence compared to the Transformer-based TST model, demonstrating its superior performance and low estimated CO2 emissions of 0.01 kg CO2eq. Furthermore, the model's flexibility allows it to be adapted for various environmental studies and general time series forecasting.
Shape Dependent Therapeutic Potential of Nanoparticulate System: Advance Approach for Drug Delivery
Authors: Verma Shristy , Malviya Rishabha , Srivastava Saurabh , Ahmad Irfan , Singh Bhupinder , Almontasheri Rasha , Uniyal Prerna
Published: July 2024

:

Drug delivery systems rely heavily on nanoparticles because they provide a targeted and monitored
release of pharmaceuticals that maximize therapeutic efficacy and minimize side effects. To maximize drug internalization,
this review focuses on comprehending the interactions between biological systems and nanoparticles.
The way that nanoparticles behave during cellular uptake, distribution, and retention in the body is determined
by their shape. Different forms, such as mesoporous silica nanoparticles, micelles, and nanorods, each
have special properties that influence how well drugs are delivered to cells and internalized. To achieve the desired
particle morphology, shape-controlled nanoparticle synthesis strategies take into account variables like
pH, temperatures, and reaction time. Top-down techniques entail dissolving bulk materials to produce nanoparticles,
whereas bottom-up techniques enable nanostructures to self-assemble. Comprehending the interactions
at the bio-nano interface is essential to surmounting biological barriers and enhancing the therapeutic efficacy
of nanotechnology in drug delivery systems. In general, drug internalization and distribution are greatly influenced
by the shape of nanoparticles, which presents an opportunity for tailored and efficient treatment plans in
a range of medical applications.
Recent Insights into the Synthesis of Oligosaccharides from Escherichia coli: Review
Authors: Sharma Anjali , Rabha Padmashri , Panchadhayee Rajib
Published: July 2024

The development of effective therapeutics to control the infections of drugresistant
bacterial strains is the thrust area in medicinal chemistry. The glycoconjugate containing
O-antigenic oligosaccharide and a carrier protein linked through a linker can develop
an antigen against gram-negative bacteria like Escherichia coli (E. coli), Shigella, Providencia,
and Salmonella. Therefore, the chemical synthesis of glycoconjugate vaccine candidates
against these bacterial strains is a growing demand of modern-day research. The
synthesis of carbohydrate parts that are oligosaccharides is the most challenging. Significant
developments in oligosaccharide synthesis have occurred over the past few decades.
This review will focus on the chemical synthesis of different complex oligosaccharides
related to different strains of E. coli. This review concludes with a summary of synthetic
developments and prospects.
A Novel Tryptanthrin Derivative D6 Induces Apoptosis and DNA Damage in Non-small-cell Lung Cancer Cells Through Regulating the EGFR Pathway
Authors: Long Haitao , Zhang Guanglong , Zhou Yue , Qin Liqing , Zhu Danxue , Chen Jiayi , Liu Bo , Tan Huayuan , Chen Danping , Li Zhurui , Li Chengpeng , Wang Zhenchao
Published: July 2024

Background:

Non-small-cell lung cancer is a prevalent malignancy associated with significant morbidity
and mortality rates. Tryptanthrin and its derivatives have exhibited potent antitumor activity.

Objective:

This study aims to investigate the inhibitory effect of a novel synthesized tryptanthrin derivative D6 on
proliferation and the possible mechanism of human non-small cell lung cancer cell lines (A549) in vitro.

Methods:

In this study, MTT assay, cell migration, colony formation assay, cell cycle analysis, cell apoptosis, JC-
1 staining assay, reactive oxygen species analysis, proteomics, western blotting, high content screening and absorption
titrations analysis were performed.

Results:

We found that D6 inhibited both the proliferation and migration, induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M
phase, increased levels of ROS, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and promoted apoptosis in A549
cells. Further mechanistic studies found that D6 reduced EGFR expression in A549 cells and inhibited the EGFR
pathway by decreasing phosphorylation levels of EGFR, Stat3, AKT and Erk1/2. Moreover, DNA damage induced
by D6 involved an increase in p53/MDM2 ratio and concentration-dependent accumulation of micronuclei.

Conclusion:

D6 demonstrated significant antitumor activity against A549 cells by inhibiting the EGFR signaling
pathway, inducing DNA damage, and subsequently leading to oxidative stress, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest.
Our findings suggest that D6 exhibits potential as an NSCLC drug, owing to its attributes such as antiproliferative
activity and ability to induce apoptosis by attenuating the EGFR-mediated signaling pathway.
Cutting-Edge Developments and Patent Trends in Microspheres Drug
Delivery: A Comprehensive Overview
Authors: Sharma Shailesh , Pankaj  , Kumar Subhash , Sharma Neelam , Verma Surajpal
Published: July 2024

Microspheres have emerged as innovative drug delivery platforms with significant potential
to improve the therapeutic efficacy of drugs with limited aqueous solubility and prolong their release.
This abstract provides an overview of recent developments in microsphere research, highlighting
key trends and innovative approaches. Recent studies have focused on various aspects of microspheres,
including formulation techniques, materials selection, and their applications in drug delivery.
Recent breakthroughs in polymer science have paved the way for the creation of innovative biodegradable
and biocompatible materials for microsphere fabrication, improving drug encapsulation
effectiveness and release dynamics. Notably, the integration of nanomaterials and functionalized
polymers has enabled precise control over drug release rates and enhanced targeting capabilities. The
utilization of microspheres for administering a diverse array of therapeutic substances, including anticancer
drugs, anti-inflammatory agents, and peptides, has gained significant attention. These microspheres
have demonstrated the potential to enhance drug stability, minimize dosing frequency and
enhance patient adherence.
Comparative Analysis and Characteristic Verification of the Quality Standard of Milk Thistle Extract
Authors: Zhao Xi , Lan Tao , Luo Shihui , Yu Congcong , Huang Jinli , Zhou Qi , He Ruikun
Published: July 2024

Introduction::

Milk thistle extract is widely used in dietary supplements due to its strong
hepatoprotective effect. There are some differences in the quality characteristics and standard values
of milk thistle extract set by pharmacopoeias and standards in various countries and regions.

Method:

To promote the standardization of quality standards for milk thistle extract, this paper
summarized and compared the standard characteristics and related values settings in four different
standards. At the same time, actual samples were tested for the characteristics that appeared more
frequently in standard. We found that the ratio algorithm of silymarin set in the pharmacopoeia
standards was not reasonable and could blur the quality of related products from the test results, especially
without limiting the total amount of silymarin in the standard.

Results:

We suggested setting standard values for all six silymarin characteristics, establishing more
universal detection methods, and preparing relevant reference materials to match the detection methods.
Based on the comparison of standards and test data, the characteristics of the ethanol content,
ethyl acetate content, methanol insoluble substances, heavy metal content, and microbial characteristics
should draw more attention and should be considered in the future for setting newly formulated
standards.

Conclusion:

This paper lays the data foundation for developing higher quality standards for milk
thistle extract, which plays an important role in promoting the international trade of milk thistle extract.
Tanah tak Bertuan: Volatilitas dan Stabilitas Elektoral di Jawa Barat Pasca Ode Baru
Authors: Permana Panji Anugrah
Published: July 2024

The changing power of political parties is one of the most important phenomena studied in democratic political systems. It can shed light on the extent to which political parties are connected to voters, the strengthening or weakening of party institutionalisation, the influence of personalities in politics, the influence of electoral and party institutional design, and so on. Studies on political party change (electoral volatility and stability) have been conducted comparatively, and some studies are conducted by looking at the national context of Indonesia. However, while studies have been conducted on these issues at the local level, they remain overlooked. This article fills this gap by presenting a description and analysis of electoral volatility and stability in West Java in the post-New Order era. Using the theoretical framework of electoral volatility and stability as well as the theory of party system institutionalisation (PSI), this study proposes three findings: high party turnover; higher electoral volatility in West Java compared to national electoral volatility; more competitive political party competition at the district/city level in West Java. The findings on electoral volatility, stability and competition are influenced by the restrictions of political party regulations, which have an impact on the decreasing number of political parties in elections, the personalisation of politics and the presidentialisation of politics, as well as the historical roots of the old-established parties that have been entrenched since the New Order era.
Identification of Patients with Congestive Heart Failure: Automated Electronic Health Records Phenotyping (Preprint)
Authors: Sumsion Daniel , Davis Elijah , Fernandes Marta , Wei Ruoqi , Milde Rebecca , Veltink Jet , Kong Wan-Yee , Xiong Yiwen , Rao Samvrit , Westover Tara M , Petersen Lydia , Turley Niels , Singh Arjun , Buss Stephanie S , Mukerji Shibani , Zafar Sahar , Das Sudeshna , Junior Valdery Moura , Ghanta Manohar , Gupta Aditya , Kim Jennifer A , Stone Katie L , Mignot Emmanuel , Hwang Dennis , Trotti Lynn Marie , Clifford Gari D , Katwa Umakanth , Westover M Brandon , Sun Haoqi
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a common cause of hospital admissions. Medical records contain valuable information about CHF, but manual chart review is time-consuming. Claims databases (ICD codes) provide a scalable alternative but are less accurate. Automated analysis of medical records through natural language processing (NLP) enables more efficient adjudication but has not yet been validated across multiple sites.

OBJECTIVE

We seek to accurately classify patients in whether they have CHF based on structured and unstructured data from each patient including medication, ICD codes, and information extracted through NLP of notes left by providers by comparing effectiveness of several machine learning models.

METHODS

We developed a NLP model to identify CHF from medical records using Electronic Health Record (EHR) from two hospitals (Mass General Hospital and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center from 2010 to 2023), using 2800 clinical visit notes from 1821 patients. We trained and compared the performance of logistic regression, random forest, and RoBERTa models. We measured model performance using areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and precision-recall curve (AUPRC). These models were also externally validated by training the data on one hospital sample and testing on the other as well as an overall estimated error from a completely random sample from both hospitals was used.

RESULTS

Average age was 67.3 years old; 54.3% were female. The logistic regression model achieved the best performance using a combination of ICD codes, medications, and notes with an AUROC at 0.968 (0.940 – 0.982) and AUPRC at 0.921 (0.835 – 0.969). The models that only used ICD codes or medications had lower performance. The estimated overall error rate in a random EHR sample is 1.6%. The model also showed high external validitiy from training on MGH and testing on BIDMC (AUROC 0.927) and vise versa (AUROC 0.968).

CONCLUSIONS

The proposed CHF EHR phenotyping model achieved excellent performance, external validity, and generalized across two institutions. The model enables multiple downstream uses, paving the way for large-scale studies of CHF treatment effectiveness, comorbidities, outcomes, and mechanisms.
Ideologi dalam Bahasa Perempuan terhadap Dugaan Pelecehan Seksual di Ajang Kontes Kecantikan: Analisis Wacana Kritis
Authors: Ardhianti Mimas
Published: July 2024

The case of sexual harassment involving women as victims can be seen from the news in the news media lately is quite shocking, a number of female finalists of Miss Universe Indonesia 2023 came to Polda Metro Jaya to file a report about the alleged harassment of her without clothes. The purpose of this research is to uncover ideology in women's language towards alleged sexual harassment in beauty pageants. In accordance with these objectives, qualitative descriptive is used as an approach to this research. The data of this research is in the form of lingual features obtained during online netnographic observation of participants on Instagram belonging to the finalists of Miss Universe Indonesia (MUID) 2023, peagent portal, and Yayasan Puteri Indonesia. The data were collected using Kozinets' (2010) netnography procedure, which is a form of adoption of ethnographic techniques in the realm of cyberspace. Online netnography observations in this study were conducted through device screens and laptops observing the status uploaded on instgram accounts. To analyze the data, Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis model is used, namely description, interpretation, and explanation. The findings of this research are the existence of ideological manifestations, namely (1) ideology 1: "fighting for women's rights in beauty contests", (2) ideology II: "feeling what harassed women feel", (3) ideology III: "trusting the law in upholding justice for victims", and (4) ideology IV: "erasing the negative stigma of society towards beauty pageants". The conclusion of this study is that women choose and utilize certain lingual forms and ignore other forms, namely institutional processes and sociocultural processes.
Analisis Activity Based Costing pada Sectio Caesar Tanpa Penyulit Metode ERACS di RS XY Pati
Authors: Purnaningrum Tansya Sushan , Suryawati Chriswardani , Suhartono Suhartono
Published: July 2024

Latar Belakang: Peningkatan minat masyarakat terhadap operasi caesar menyebabkan pelayanan perioperatif juga meningkat. Perawatan luka merupakan cara efektif untuk meningkatkan efektivitas klinis dari operasi caesar. Hal ini menjadikan metode Enhanced Recovery After Caesarian Surgery (ERASCS) adalah cara efektif untuk dikerjakann.Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbandingan unit cost operasi caesar konvensional dengan unit cost operasi caesar ERACS tanpa penyulit dengan metode activity based costing di kelas perawatan III Rumah Sakit (RS) XY Pati.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian studi lapangan (field research) dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif melalui metode rancangan. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi yang di peroleh dari sumber data primer dan sekunder. Teknik analisis yang digunakan yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan membuat kesimpulan.Hasil: Penghitungan unit cost menunjukkan adanya selisih biaya yang dikeluarkan RS untuk menyelenggarakan Operasi caesar tanpa komplikasi dan standar tarif INA CBGs. Plafon INA CBGs tidak dapat menutup pengeluaran RS dalam memberikan pelayanan sectio caesarea (SC) tanpa komplikasi. Analisis biaya dapat digunakan sebagai evaluasi pos mana yang perlu dilakukan cost efficiency, unit produksi mana yang berdaya jual tinggi sehingga perlu dikembangkan sebagai income generating, unit produksi mana yang berdaya jual rendah sehingga perlu dievaluasi.Kesimpulan: Analisis biaya diharapkan dapat menjadi trigger dalam menentukan arah kebijakan RS karena analisa biaya mampu menyajikan data dengan baik.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TRANSDERMAL BUPRENORPHINE PATCH VERSUS TRANSDERMAL DICLOFENAC PATCH FOR POST-OPERATIVE ANALGESIA IN ELECTIVE BELOW UMBILICAL SURGERIES
Authors: RAJASAB FARHA DEEBA , CHERIAN SHERLEY.S , KALAPPA RAKESH , RAMACHANDRAN HARIPRIYA
Published: July 2024

Objective: Effective postoperative pain management is crucial for recovery and patient satisfaction. This study compares the efficacy and safety of transdermal buprenorphine, an opioid analgesic, with diclofenac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), for postoperative pain relief in elective below umbilical surgeries.
Methods: Hundred patients undergoing elective below-umbilical surgeries were randomized into two groups to receive either a transdermal buprenorphine patch or a diclofenac patch. Pain scores using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), functional recovery assessed by the WOMAC Index, and patient satisfaction were measured at baseline, 1 w, 2 w, and 4 w post-application.
Results: Both groups showed significant pain reduction over time. However, at 1 and 2 W post-application, the diclofenac group exhibited greater pain relief (p<0.001) and higher patient satisfaction. By the 4 w, differences in pain scores and WOMAC Index between the groups were not statistically significant, indicating similar long-term efficacy.
Conclusion: While both transdermal buprenorphine and diclofenac patches are effective for postoperative pain management, diclofenac patches offer superior short-term relief and patient satisfaction. Tailoring pain management strategies to individual patient needs and recovery phases is essential for optimizing postoperative care.
PREVALENCE OF KELL BLOOD GROUP SYSTEM IN BLOOD DONORS ATTENDING A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE IN NORTHWESTERN INDIA
Authors: MATHURIA GIRRAJ PRASAD , DADHICH NARENDRA KUMAR , MEENA BHEEM SINGH
Published: July 2024

Objective: The Kell blood group system is amongst one of the clinically significant blood group system in blood transfusion, consisting of different types of antigens with high immunogenicity which can be a potential cause of serious transfusion reactions and hemolytic disease of fetus and newborn. Knowledge of the antigenic frequency is crucial to assess the risk of alloimmunisation and to guide the probability of finding antigen-negative donor blood, which can be useful for a patient with corresponding or multiple red cell alloantibodies.
Methods: This is a retrospective study which was done at Department of Immunohematology and Transfusion medicine, SMS Medical College, Jaipur over a period of one year from 1st Jan to 31st Dec 2020. During the study period, blood both voluntary donors as well as replacement donors were typed for Kell antigens by automated red cell antigen typing by capture-R technology in neo immucor.
Results: A Total of 9677(Nine Thousand Six Hundred Seventy Seven) Blood donors were typed for Kell Antigens. Out of these 9677 samples, 288 were Positive for Kell positive (K+) resulting in overall frequency of Kell (K) Antigen as 2.9%.
Conclusion: This is the first study that set out to determine the prevalence of Kell antigens among Blood Donors in Northwestern India. These results appear to be useful in providing better care for patients by implementing tests that should become a routine in blood banks. The Kell system is very important in Transfusion medicine practice.
ANTHROPOMETRIC STUDY OF LEFT EXTERNAL EAR: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN MEDICAL STUDENTS OF UDAIPUR, RAJASTHAN
Authors: BHAVANA SHRIVASTAVA , SUNITA ACHARYA , KISHORE BHARAMBE VAISHALY , BHUPESH MEDATWAL
Published: July 2024

Objective: The human ears are specific to an individual because the auricle is also a distinctive feature of a person like other identification features so it is used in various areas of science like forensic medicine, anthropology, and biology. The ear lobule is the last part of the auricle to develop.
Methods: This study was carried out among 100 students (50 Male and 50 Female) with age range from 18 to 25 years. The study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Pacific Institute of Medical Sciences, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Results: Total ear length and ear width were significantly higher in male than female (p value<0.0001) in this study. Lobule length and lobule width of left ear were compared by independent t-test, it was found nonsignificant (p value 0.5706) and significantly higher in male than female (p 0.0017) respectively. The mean value of lobule index of left ear was found significant with higher value in male while the mean value of ear index of left ear was found nonsignificant.
Conclusion: Results according to genders who participated in the study where all dimensions (total ear length, ear width, lobule width and lobule index) were higher in male as compared to the female subjects. Although there was no significant difference observed in lobule length and ear index of left ear of male and female subjects.
To assess the impact of imparting nutrition education on knowledge gain of young women with PCOS
Authors: Rani Raveena , Sangwan Dr. Veenu , Shikha Shikha , Priyanka Priyanka , Meenu Meenu , Rani Dr. Varsha
Published: July 2024

The present study was conducted in Fatehabad district, Haryana to determine the impact of nutrition education on knowledge gain of young women with PCOS. Among PCOS respondents 52.0, 44.0 and 4.0 percent were in the age group of 19 to 25, 26 to 32 and 33 to 40 years, respectively. It was observed that 52.0 percent of the PCOS respondents were students, whereas 46.0 and 2.0 percent were housewife and in service, respectively. After imparting nutrition education to them there was increase in their knowledge scores. From the present study it is concluded that early diagnosis and treatment of PCOS is pivotal for normal health, well-being and improved nutritional status of young women suffering from PCOS.
Exploring The Complexities of Traumatic Experiences of Transgenders in Arundhati Roy’s The Ministry of Utmost Happiness
Authors: Rhema D. , Senthamarai Dr. T.
Published: July 2024

This paper delves into the detailed portrayal of traumatic experiences among transgenders in Arundhati Roy’s The Ministry of Utmost Happiness. Employing a qualitative analysis approach, the study examines the various dimensions of trauma by shedding light on the psychological, emotional, and physical distress faced by the central character, Anjum, a transgender woman. Trauma was an enduring emotional reaction frequently triggered by a distressing incident. Going through such an event can damage one's feeling of security, self-perception, and capacity to manage emotions and interpersonal connections. According to the lay perspective, “the trauma experience occurs when the traumatizing event interacts with human nature. Human beings need security, order, love, and connection. If something happens that sharply undermines these needs, it hardly seems surprising, according to the lay theory, that people will be traumatized as a result” (Alexander 2012). Through the mechanism of theoretical framework of trauma theory, the analysis uncovers Anjum’s trauma caused by gender identity, societal norms, and the quest for self-acceptance and replicates Anjum’s recovery from her traumatic experiences and her help for other suffocating humanity. Finally, with the leading character Anjum, the study states that humanity is an adequate source of survival, whereas the existing social norms on gender identity are social construction.
CT image quality and dose optimization by combining tube voltage, dose reduction setting and ASIR-V (explorative study using VCT phantom)
Authors: Dewi S. N. , Latifah L. , Dartini  , Masrochah S. , Suwondo A.
Published: July 2024

Utilization of ASIR-V software to improve CT scan images with lower exposure factor settings has enormous potential to produce CT scan images with minimal dose and optimal image quality. Otherwise, the excessive use of iterative reconstruction may lead to poor image quality. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in radiation dose and image quality in the combination of tube voltage, dose reduction and ASIR-V settings and giving recommendation out of it. This type of research is quasi-experimental with a pretest posttest design. VCT Quality Assurance phantom scanned with abdominal CT parameters with the combination of tube voltage variations and dose reduction settings then reconstructed using ASIR-V. Image quality data including noise, LCD and HCR obtained were analyzed by using the paired t-test statistical test. The lowest dose (2.01 mGy) resulted from the combination of tube voltage setting 80 kV, 60% dose reduction, and the dose reduction in the treatment group was in the range of 49% - 87%. The lowest noise was produced by a combination of tube voltage settings of 80 kV, 60% dose reduction, and 100% ASIR-V and noise reduction in the treatment group in the range of 15% -68%. There are significant differences in low contrast detectability of image obtained from 15 combination of tube voltage settings, and dose reduction setting after ASIR-V reconstruction on CT scans. Meanwhile, there are significant differences of extreme contrast spatial resolution in 13 combinations of the tube voltage and dose reduction setting after ASIR-V reconstruction showed. Decreasing the tube voltage and increasing the dose reduction value results in a lesser radiation dose accompanied by a decrease in image quality, while the application of ASIR-V is proven to improve the quality of CT scan images including noise and low contrast detectability, in the other hand the excessive use of ASIR-V may also decrease high contrast spatial resolution of the image. The combination of image quality that is closest to the image quality of the control group is a combination of tube voltage settings of 120 kV, 60% dose reduction and 60% ASIR-V which produces a radiation dose of 6.37 mGy.
Cross-modal learning representation using new margin combination for speech recognition task
Authors: Karim D. , Abdelkarim M.
Published: July 2024

Cross-modal retrieval aims to elucidate the fusion of information, mimic human learning, and advance the field. The main challenge in cross-modal matching is to build a shared subspace reflecting semantic proximity. Previous works fail to capture asymmetric relevance by adopting symmetric similarity computations. To overcome these shortcomings, an efficient approach called quaternion representation learning (QRL) is introduced for better cross-modal matching. Thus, a better representation of the shared semantics is offered by virtue of its richer representation capacity of the quaternionic space and its strong expressive power. Transfer learning is a crucial aspect in this context. By leveraging pre-trained models, the knowledge gained from one task or domain can be effectively transferred to another, allowing for improved performance and generalization. In this study, transfer learning is employed to enhance the cross-modal retrieval system. Specifically, a pre-trained ResNet-512 model is utilized in conjunction with the proposed total margin (TM) loss function, which combines the QRL approach with the novel adaptive mean margin (AMM) methodology. The TM loss function, coupled with the pre-trained ResNet-512 model, is evaluated on the Audio-Visual Arabic Speech Database (AVAS) and the Arabic Visual Speech Database (AVSD), along with other audio-visual datasets. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the TM loss function in consistently improving performance on both databases. The recall scores (R@k) and mean average precision (mAP) values achieved on the AVAS Database are as follows: R@1: 42.1±0.7, R@2: 70.2±0.1, R@5: 78.5±1.0, and mAP: 53.0±1.1. Similarly, on the AVSD Database, the results are R@1: 41.7±0.3, R@2: 69.2±1.1, R@5: 78.0±0.3, and mAP: 52.7±0.5. By incorporating transfer learning and the TM loss function into the cross-modal retrieval framework, this study demonstrates the potential for improving clustering efficiency and enhancing visual and speech understanding. The combination of pre-trained models and the TM loss function offers a promising avenue for advancing crossmodal matching techniques and achieving state-of-the-art performance.
Improving image quality via Deep learning: Aspects of speckle noise reduction applying the optimal weighted filter
Authors: Mezher L. S. , Abbass A. M. , Saleh B. J.
Published: July 2024

This article explores the dynamic field of image denoising, with a specific emphasis on the novel Adaptive Euclidean Weighted Filters (AEWF) and their utilization in mitigating speckle noise. The inadequacy of conventional filters to handle the intricacies of contemporary applications has prompted researchers to investigate the potential benefits of integrating deep learning and optimization algorithms. By combining Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and the Bat Optimization Algorithm (BOA), we develop an adaptive dynamic AEWF that prioritizes the reduction of speckle noise while accommodating various image attributes. By emulating the echolocation behavior of bats, BOA optimizes denoising parameters to guarantee outputs of superior quality. Convolutional and ReLU layers of CNNs are crucial during the denoising phase, while pooling layers are utilized to reduce the size of the image. Our comprehensive investigation contrasts the suggested methodology with traditional filters, evaluating its efficacy in mitigating speckle noise. The benchmarking metrics, namely the Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) and Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), have respective mean values of 32.05 and 0.98. Through an exhaustive evaluation of feature preservation, noise reduction, and overall image quality, this study underscores the integrated AEWF's effectiveness in tackling current obstacles in the field of image processing.
Una clerecía “numerosa e indisciplinada”: utopía y realidad de la reforma al clero secular del arzobispado de México, 1764-1810
Authors: Vivero Domínguez Luis Fernando
Published: July 2024

En este artículo se exploran los alcances de la reforma al estado eclesiástico en el arzobispado de México durante los años 1764-1810 en dos cuestiones particulares que aspiraba revertir: el excesivo número de sacerdotes y la indisciplina del clero. Durante el siglo XVIII, diversas autoridades regias y eclesiásticas pretendieron solucionar estos problemas arcaicos porque consideraban que afectaban el progreso económico de los reinos y la labor espiritual de la Iglesia. Para su estudio, se someten a análisis las diferentes críticas al clero secular en la época borbónica, los mecanismos implementados por el arzobispado de México para su resolución y las tendencias de ordenación sacerdotal del clero diocesano, con el fin de contrastar el ideal y las posibilidades reales de aplicación de esta reforma en la diócesis americana más importante de finales de la época colonial.
Sobre Alejandro García-Montón, Genoese Entrepreneurship and the Asiento Slave Trade, 1650-1700
Authors: Ruiz Martínez Herlinda
Published: July 2024

Reseña del libro de Alejandro García-Montón, Genoese Entrepreneurship and the Asiento Slave Trade, 1650-1700 (Nueva York/Londres: Routledge, 2022).
Isolation and Identification of Isolate, S1 with High Biotransformation Potential of Ferulic Acid to Vanillin
Authors: Bathini Nagaraju , Esampally Sai Krishna , Korripally Premsagar , Sultanpuram Vishnuvardhan Reddy , Mothe Thirumala
Published: July 2024

Nine actinobacterial isolates were purified from the sediment sample of Kogilvai village, Warangal, Telangana, based on their capability to grow on the minimal medium with Ferulic acid (FA) as only Carbon (C) source. FA to Vanillin conversion capacity of these isolates was identified by Thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Biotransformation of FA to Vanillin was high by four isolates, S1, S3, O3 and O4 when compared to other five isolates (O1, O2, S2, S4 and S5) with initial pH 7 in basal medium. Among these four isolates, optimal and rapid FA to Vanillin bioconversion of 140 mg/L was shown by isolate S1 with UV-spectrophotometry. Its conversion was confirmed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis with retention time of 2.9 min after 28hrs of incubation at 37°C with 1g/L ferulic acid in the medium with 150 rpm. Isolate S1 could utilize Lactose, Maltose, Glycerol, Fructose, Galactose, Sucrose, Dextrose, L-Arabinose, ONPG, Esculin and not other carbohydrates present in the Himedia Hicarbo kit. Molecular characterization showed that 16S rDNA gene sequence of isolate S1 was 98.27% similar to Limosilactobacillus fermentum CECT 562 with completeness of 96.7% and was identified as Limosilactobacillus sp. 16S rDNA gene sequence of isolate S1 was submitted to NCBI GenBank and its accession number was OR136396. As this isolate has high potential of FA to Vanillin biotransformation capacity, it can be further explored to be used for industrial setups for commercial exploitation.
Survival Strategy, Metabolic Potential and Taxonomic Reframe of Kocuria polaris
Authors: Quadri Syed Raziuddin
Published: July 2024

Antarctica is renowned as the most inhospitable environment where microorganisms are thriving in the frontiers of life. In the past few years, many novel bacterial species have been reported from the Antarctic environment. During taxonomic re-evaluation of novel bacterial species from Antarctica, it was noticed that Kocuria polaris shared high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Kocuria rosea. In the present study, the taxonomic position, metabolic potentials, and stress survival strategy of K. polaris were evaluated through genome analysis. K. polaris encodes genes for glycolysis, citrate cycle, pentose phosphate pathway, dissimilatory nitrate reduction, assimilatory sulfate reduction, etc. In addition, K. polaris also encodes genes for cold and salt stress. The 16S rRNA gene sequence extracted from K. polaris and K. rosea genomes showed 99.7% similarity. In the phylogenomic tree, K. polaris and K. rosea clustered together. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values between K. polaris and K. rosea exceeded the threshold (95-96% for ANI and 70% for dDDH) value for distinguishing species, showing that they are similar species. The present study shed light on K. polaris survival strategy in extreme conditions. We further propose to reclassify Kocuria polaris as a later heterotypic synonym of Kocuria rosea.
Novel phytosterol with Antimicrobial Potential of Digera muricata Mart. from Chittorgarh Region, India
Authors: Tomer Nalini , Sharma Anil Kumar , Ali Mohammad Irfan , Mathur Manas , Nagar Hariom , Dhakar Ramgopal , Sen Amit , Zaidi Zoya , Moin Sarmad
Published: July 2024

Digera muricata Mart, a plant having therapeutic characteristics that has been utilised traditionally, belongs to the Amaranthaceae family, and a promising source of specific natural products utilized as antioxidant, prophylactic, antimicrobial, anthelmintic, anti-diabetic, and allelopathic agent. In the present study, a biologically active phytosterol was isolated from Digera muricata Mart. The isolated compound was characterized by 13C, 1H NMR, FTIR, and HRMS. Characterization of the isolate was done by antimicrobial assay, and molecular docking. The antimicrobial potential of the isolated phytosterol (50 µl) against Streptococcus pyogenes was found to be maximum (ZOI-20.0 ± 1.0), followed by Streptococcus agalactiae (ZOI-11.3±1.5), Candida albicans (ZOI- 09.0 ± 1.0), Klebsiella pneumonia (ZOI-8.6 ± 1.5) and Escherichia coli (ZOI-8.6 ± 1.5). The molecular docking results indicate that the phytosterol binds to the receptor 1AI9 at the 32th and 58th positions; 1KZN receptor at the 76th position, the 5L3J receptor at the 46th (ASN) and 136th (ARG) position; 7WIJ receptor at the 419th (ARG) and 582th (ASP) and 585th (ASN) positions.
In silico Molecular Docking of Cyclic Peptides against TEM-1 Beta-Lactamases for Effective Antimicrobial Drug Development
Authors: Sowmiya A. , Jayakodi Santhoshkumar , Selvam K.A. , Sangeetha K.
Published: July 2024

Targeting the class A Beta lactamases Omega loop is an ideal way to combat drug resistance because of its significant role in the catalytic activity and deacylation process inhibition. Therefore, the molecular docking approach with computerized peptide-based in silico screening has been applied for the identification of inhibitors of TEM-type βLs. Among the subjected 105 peptides, Chrombacin (-47.8 KJ/mol), Gassericin A (-35.7 KJ/mol), Duramycin (-34.1 KJ/mol), Brevinin-1DYa (-34.0 KJ/mol), Amoebapore A (-31.2 KJ/mol), Mundticin ATO6 (-29.0 KJ/mol), Lactocyclicin Q (-26.3 KJ/mol), Cinnamycin (-25.9 KJ/mol showed highest binding energy. Among the peptides that showed the highest docking score Elafin, Cinnamycin, Duramycin interacted with Lys 73 of the α domain of catalytic residues of TEM-1 Beta lactamases, whereas Taromycin A, Gassericin A interacted with Lys 234 of the β domain, depicting a strong inhibition and also exhibited desirable physicochemical properties. Hence further in vitro examination of these cyclic peptides against the resistant strains is warranted to help design further novel inhibitors based on their scaffolds and also for the development of an effective drug combination regime.
"Pod tendom neba, trohejskom bjelinom." O (meta)metrici preddrontskih stihova Ivana Slamniga
Authors: Graonić Mislav
Published: July 2024

U radu se proučava stih hrvatskoga pjesnika Ivana Slamniga u zbirkama objavljenima prije zbirke Dronta (1981). Pritom se rad ne zadržava tek na pukim formalnim analizama određenih metara, već proučava njihovu genezu i značenje. Najprije se analizira trohejski tetrametar, odnosno promjene koje Slamnig pri njegovoj porabi provodi te njihovi učinci. Nadalje, raspravlja se o nasljeđivanju njegove metametričke neoznačenosti iz tradicije. Potom se promatraju Slamnigovi jampski stihovi – rad pokazuje kako se raznostopni jampski stihovi međusobno izmjenjuju, pričem se postiže stanovita elastičnost tog oblika. Uočava se i kako je Slamnigov jamb gotovo redovito rezerviran za “više”, učenije teme u pjesmama, koje, dakako, nisu otporne na depatetizaciju i ironiju. Na kraju se navode neki metrički citati dosad malo ili nimalo proučeni u Slamniga. Raščlanjuje se Danteova tercina, uporabljena u dvjema pjesmama, za koju se pokazuje da označava određeno kretanje. Prikazuje se i metrička povezanost pjesme “Ridanje” s Matoševom pjesmom “Suza” i njihove izvanmetričke semantičke veze. Na kraju se kao čvrst metrički intertekst Slamnigovoj pjesmi “Bombay” određuje Puškinov roman u stihovima Evgenij Onjegin.
Effect of AI on HI
Authors: Durgaprasad Mr. Perumalla
Published: July 2024

Abstract: This paper explores the profound impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on Human Intelligence (HI), examining both the enhancements and challenges AI introduces. AI, defined as the capability of machines to perform tasks requiring humanlike intelligence, has evolved significantly, influencing various domains such as education, healthcare, and the workforce. AI enhances human cognitive processes by assisting in decision-making, problem-solving, and creativity, thereby augmenting HI. In education, AI-driven tools offer personalized learning experiences, while in healthcare; AI improves diagnostics and patient care. However, the integration of AI raises ethical concerns, including privacy, data security, and algorithmic bias. The potential for AI to surpass human intelligence, known as the singularity, poses existential questions about human autonomy. This paper underscores the importance of responsible AI development, emphasizing the need for ethical frameworks to balance technological advancements with human values. As AI continues to advance, fostering effective human-AI collaboration and preparing society for an AI-enhanced future are crucial for maximizing the benefits and minimizing the risks associated with AI's influence on HI.
Smart AODV Routing Protocol Strategies Based on Learning Automata to Improve V2V Communication Quality of Services in VANET
Authors: Bintoro Ketut Bayu Yogha , Priyambodo Tri Kuntoro , Sardjono Yadie Prasetyo
Published: July 2024

The Adhoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) protocol faces challenges in selecting the best relay nodes, which requires optimization to improve performance in Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs). This study aims to enhance Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication in VANETs by implementing the Learning Automata-Driven Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (LA-AODV) routing protocol. LA-AODV is designed to achieve higher packet delivery ratios and optimize data transfer rates, even under congested network conditions, by dynamically adjusting to changing network scenarios. The performance evaluation includes six key metrics analyzed under varying node densities and time intervals, comparing LA-AODV against the standard AODV protocol. Results indicate that LA-AODV consistently outperforms AODV, demonstrating improved efficiency in flood identifier management, reduced data loss, higher packet delivery ratios, better throughput, and reduced end-to-end delay and jitter. Specifically, under a 20-node scenario, LA-AODV exhibits lower flood ID scores (54 vs. 88), reduced packet loss (11% vs. 12%), higher PDR (88.0% vs. 87.0%), and superior throughput (85.34 Kbps vs. 47.26 Kbps). Additionally, LA-AODV achieves lower end-to-end delay (6.84E+09 ns vs. 3.76E+10 ns) and jitter (2.52E+09 ns vs. 2.15E+10 ns). These findings suggest that LA-AODV significantly enhances Quality of Service (QoS) in vehicular ad-hoc networks, positioning it as a promising solution for optimizing V2V communication performance.
Pattern Recognition of Bima Script Handwritting using Convolutional Neural Network Method
Authors: Ramdhani Ghina Kamilah , Bimantoro Fitri , Wijaya I Gede Pasek Suta
Published: July 2024

Bima is one of the regions in West Nusa Tenggara Province. The Bima script is a cultural heritage used as a means of communication by the Bima community in the past. The decline in the use of the Bima script threatens cultural heritage. The government has addressed this issue by providing training to teachers to teach it in schools, but this has still been insufficient due to the limited number of teachers participating in the training. Therefore, one efficient method to assist with this issue is by leveraging modern technology, particularly through machine learning for handwriting recognition. This study aims to find the best CNN model for recognizing the Bima script with diacritics to help preserve Bima's cultural heritage through handwriting recognition. The CNN model is combined with hyperparameter tuning, and then testing is conducted in four different scenarios to evaluate the performance of each model architecture and hyperparameter variation to find the best combination. The dataset used is sourced from the Kaggle platform, and augmentation is performed to increase the total number of images to 6,750, with each image containing 75 images in 90 different classes. In this study, testing is done by dividing the dataset into training and testing sets in an 80:20 ratio. The test results show high performance, achieving an accuracy of 98.00%, precision of 98.19%, recall of 98.00%, and f1-score of 98.00% in scenario 4.
The mediating effect of burnout on the relationship between daycare center teachers' workplace bullying experience and turnover intention
Authors: Cho Hyea-Jin , Im Sung-Jin ,   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction
Published: July 2024

Objectives In this study, the influence of bullying experiences and burnout in the workplace of daycare center teachers on turnover intention was examined, and the mediating effect of burnout was analyzed in the relationship between workplace bullying and turnover intention.
Methods To this end, a survey was conducted on 451 childcare teachers at daycare centers located across the country. Simple regression analysis and multiple regression analysis were performed on the collected data according to the research questions, the mediating effect was analyzed according to the procedure of Baron and Kenny (1986), and the Sobel Test was conducted for statistical verification.
Results First, as a result of analyzing the influence of workplace bullying experience and burnout on the turnover intention of daycare center teachers, it was found that emotional exhaustion and dehumanization among the sub-factors of verbal and non-verbal bullying, work-related bullying, and burnout among the sub-factors of workplace bullying had a significant effect on the teacher's turnover intention. Second, in the relationship between the teacher's workplace bullying experience and turnover intention, burnout was found to have a partial mediating effect, and burnout further increased the turnover intention according to the workplace bullying experience.
Conclusions These results suggest that it is necessary to prevent and manage bullying and burnout in the workplace in order to reduce the turnover intention of daycare center teachers, and for this, it is necessary to seek improvement measures in terms of education and institution.