bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Production of Biodegradable Straw from Banana Peel
Authors: Adisurya I Putu Karang , Falah Mohammad Affan Fajar
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of enhancement in stirring temperature (75oC, 80oC, 85oC) and type of plasticizer (glycerol and sorbitol) on the characteristics of biodegradable straw from ambon banana peel waste and to compare them with the characteristics of conventional boba’s straws. Methods used in this study were tensile strength, elongation, biodegradation, and water uptake tests. The result showed enhancement of stirring temperature and type of plasticizer did not significantly affect the characteristics of biodegradable straws from ambon banana peel waste (p > 0.05). Enhancement of stirring temperature will increase the tensile strength and water resistance value, but decreased elongation and biodegradation value because enhancement of stirring temperature will decrease the water content and increase the molecular density. In addition, plasticizer will increase elongation value and level of biodegradation, but decrease tensile strength and water resistance values. Plasticizer has the ability to increase the elasticity of polymers, as well as increase water absorption because it has hydrophilic hydroxyl groups. Biodegradable straw that have been developed has a colour of black, being rigid, with a length of 13 cm and an external diameter of 1.2 cm. The colour and external diameter of biodegradable boba’s straw looks similar with conventional boba’s straw but shorter in length. Therefore, ambon banana peel waste was promising to be used as an alternative material for biodegradable straw in the future.
Fried Chicken Consumer’s Preference and Purchase Decision Analysis During Covid 19 Pandemic Era
Authors: Sandita Febrianisa Yulia , Aziz Ibnu Wahid Fakhrudin , Ushada Mirwan
Published: August 2023

This study aims to observe the decision-making process on fried chicken purchases, and identify the most considered attribute, and combination of attributes based on consumer preference in the Covid-19 pandemic era. The pandemic has altered consumer behavior and consumption patterns, leading to changes in the food industry. Understanding how consumer preferences have shifted can help businesses adapt their strategies to better serve their customers. The data were collected using the questionnaire method through the Google Form platform with respondent criteria being fried chicken consumers who had purchased fried chicken at least twice in the last six months with the number of respondents being 135. The questionnaire consisted of two parts, the first part is about the consumer's purchase decision-making process and the second one is about the consumer's preference for fried chicken. Price, serving, purchase state, and packaging are the attributes chosen to identify consumer preferences using the conjoint analysis method. This study shows consumer habits in the decision-making process of buying fried chicken and consumers’ preferences toward the price, serving, purchase state, and packaging of fried chicken. Product attributes were the most considered based on importance level Price (40.73%), Purchase state (33.57%), Serving (16.99%), and Packaging (8.70%). The combination of fried chicken product attributes that are preferred by consumers according to the utility value of each level attribute is less than 15.000 IDR of price, served with rice/fried chicken and vegetables, purchased in ready-to-eat (takeaway/delivery) form and using paper box packaging.
Penyusunan Skedul Suhu dan Kelembaban Awal untuk Pengeringan di Dalam Tanur Pengering Konvensional bagi Kayu Durian Bersortimen 55 X 195 mm
Authors: Suranto Yustinus
Published: August 2023

Schedule Development of Initial Temperature and Relative Humidity for Conventional Drying of Durian Wood in Dimension of 55 mm thick and 195 mm wideDecreasing supply of most commercial depterocarp wood as raw material inspirates wood working industry producing building construction component to look for uncommercial wood to be utilized. Proper utilization of these woods must be based on wood properties consisting of wood basic and processing properties. Drying property is one of the most important wood processing property. Proper drying process will be the main key to utilize effectively and ensure to get high quality wood product.Durian (Durio spp) is one of uncommercial wood grown naturally in Sulawesi island forest. This wood is used by wood industr to produce building component to be exported. There is no yet drying schedule formulation of this wood lumber in dimension of 55mm thick and 195 mm wide. The objective of this research was to develop drying schedule for durian wood in that dimension. Drying schedule was developed by the result of quick drying test. The formulation of drying schedule was elaborated based on Terazawa method.The research result showed that initial moisture content and specific gravity of this wood was 103.4% and 0.4 respectively. Theoretically, the first drying schedule was 54oC as an initial remperature and 80oC as a final temperature. Web bulb depression for the initial step of drying was 4oC and for the end step was 30oC. The range of relative himidity were 80% to 17%. These drying schedule was coded by T5F6.
Pengaruh Bentuk dan Perbedaan Kombinasi Pengikat Kayu Lamina Balau Kuning (Shorea leavis Ridl) terhadap Tingkat MoE dan MoR
Authors: Wardhani Lusita , Suriansyah Suriansyah
Published: August 2023

Effect of Forms and Different Combinations of the Extension of Lamina of Yellow Balau Wood (Shorea leavis Ridl) on MOE and MOR LevelsThe research aimed to find out the mechanical strength of MoE and MoR of lamina woods with different forms and combinations of the extension. Balau wood (Shorea leavis Ridl) was used as an experiment object.The research experiment was assigned based on Completely Randomized Design with two treatments and three replications. The treatments were: 4 extension types as A factor, and 4 extension fastener types as B factor. With combination of 4 x 4 x 3, the samples needed in total were 48. The Lamina’s MoE (Elasticity’s Modulus) ranged from 6.866,971 kg/cm² to 17.296,556 kg/cm² and nd the MoR (Modulus of Rupture) ranged from about 40,586 kg/cm² to 118,240 kg/cm².
Sertifikat Lestari PT. Diamond Raya Timber: Aset atau Beban?
Authors: Maryudi Ahmad
Published: August 2023

Sustainable Certificate of PT Diamond Raya Timber: Asset or Liability?Several environmental non-government organizations and green parties pursue various strategies to promote sustainable management of forest resource. Due to the increasing environment awareness of some segments of timber users, they have established a certification body and developed a set of criteria and indicators, against which the performance of participating forest companies will be assessed. Early experiences in Indonesia showed that certification received warm welcome from several forest companies, as there is no question that they saw the attraction of being certified. However, it appears that their enthusiasm was dampened by the experience of a certified company. Certification might have been seen as more of a liability than an asset as the economic benefits from market access became less clear, while the costs became more apparent. The use of rigid standards might result in “negative” responses from forest companies. More proactive approaches might encourage the companies to join certification.
Dendrogram Zonasi Pertumbuhan Mangrove Berdasarkan Habitatnya di Kawasan Rehabilitasi Pantai Utara Jawa Tengah Bagian Barat
Authors: Poedjirahajoe Erny
Published: August 2023

Dendrogram Zoning of Mangrove Growth Based on Its Habitat in the Rehabilitation Area on the North Coasts, West Region of Central JavaThe growth of rehabilitated mangrove, although planted at the same time, shows differences in terms of density and height growth. Such condition is visible in the North Shore of Brebes, Tegal and Pemalang Regency.The research result shows that mangrove growth planted in 2001 on the North Shore of Brebes, Tegal and Pemalang Regency is not apart from several factors, among others are its habitat physical-chemical factors. The result of regression correlation analysis shows that the habitat factors which play an important role in the vegetation density are salinity, temperature and plankton population. Meanwhile, the most dominant factor which determines the vegetation height growth is salinity and phosphor. The combination role based on its habitat shows that mangrove growth in Brebes Regency on proximal (1P) and medial (1M) zone and the one in Pemalang Regency on proximal zone (3P) has the shortest cluster, so that those research locations have similarity on vegetation growth and its habitat factors. Meanwhile, the proximal (2P) zone in Tegal Regency is similar with the medial (2M) zone. Mangrove growth on distal zone in Tegal Regency has less good growth parameter and habitat factors compared to that of in Brebes and Pemalang for containing more sand.From the research result, it can be concluded that the existence of habitat factors salinity, plankton population and phosphor have to be taken into consideration if a mangrove area will be rehabilitated/planted especially using Rhizophora mucronata seedlings. In order to reach the maximum achievement, one thing which has to be taken into consideration is the habitat clustering of the planted area, especially in Brebes, Tegal and Pemalang Regency area.
Aktivitas Manusia dan Distribusi Banteng (Bos Javanicus D’alton 1832) di Taman Nasional Alas Purwo
Authors: Imron Muhammad Ali , Sinaga Jefri Oloan
Published: August 2023

Human Activities and Distribution of Banteng (Bos Javanicus D’alton 1832) in Alas Purwo National ParkThis study aims to comprehend whether human activities contribute to the presence of banteng (Bos sundaicus d’Alton 1836) in the Alas Purwo National Park (APNP). We laid continuous strip line transects from centre of human activities to the direction of core area of APNP. Three locations were selected: Sadengan grazing area, Giri Salaka Hinduism praying area, and Kutorejo village; representing low to high human disturbance respectively. We collected both direct and indirect presence of banteng as well as human activities within 20 metre strip lines with 10 metre width. Data were compiled each 100 metres and analyzed with means comparison to observe difference among locations. Correlation analyses were used to assess the relation between distance from centre of human activities, human activities and banteng presence. Regression analysis was used when  significant correlations found.Our non parametric test showed that human disturbances are significantly different among sites (Kruskal Wallis Test; df 2 = 6.220, p< 0.05). In similar tendency but different manner, it is showed that the different levels of human disturbance conveyed significant difference in number of banteng’s tracks (Kruskal Wallis Test; df 2 = 18.888, p< 0.05). The distance from centre of human activities is negatively related to number of human tracks (Spearman rho; r2= -0.307 N= 64, p<0.05*) and also to number of banteng’s tracks (Spearman rho, r2= -0.728 N= 30, p<0.05**). The regression analysis showed that number of human tracks explained 18.6% of total variation on number of Banteng’s tracks, while distance from centre of human activities explained 59%.
Sifat Anatomi dan Sifat Fisika Kayu Mindi (Melia azedarach Linn) dari Hutan Rakyat di Yogyakarta
Authors: Praptoyo Harry
Published: August 2023

Anatomical  and Physical Properties of Mindi Wood (Melia azedarach Linn) from Community Forest in YogyakartaInformation about mindi wood characteristics is very limited while utilisation of this wood on our society is very extensive. Better knowledge on anatomical and physical wood properties of mindi wood optimizes its utilization. Therefore, this study aims to identify anatomical (macroscopic and microscopic) and physical (moisture content, specific gravity and dimensional changes) wood properties of mindi taken from community forests around Yogyakarta. The macroscopic structural characteristics results showed that annual ring appeared clearly at transversal surface, having single vessel, vasicentric and diffuse parenchyma, rough texture, straight fiber direction, and no resin canal. Cell proportion of wood showed that fibers occupy more than 44%, followed by vessel (20%), parenchyma (19%) and rays (15%). Wood fiber dimension showed fiber length of 0.83 mm, fiber diameter of 14.57µ, and cell wall thickness of 2.50µ. Physical wood properties showed that mindi has 31% moisture content and 0.416 of basic specific gravity. Wood shrinkage from green to kilndry on longitudinal was 3.94 %, tangensial 5.74 %, and radial 2.60 %, with T/R ratio 2.38. Based on T/R ratio value, mindi wood is not recommended for wood construction due to its low dimensional stability. Furthermore, mindi wood also has high longitudinal wood shrinkage and low specific gravity indicating juvenility.
Sifat Anti Cendawan Trichophyton mentagrophytes dan Candida albicans dari Zat Ekstraktif Kayu Pelanjau (Pentaspadon motleyi)
Authors: Yusro Fathul , Syafii Wasrin , Pribadi Eko Sugeng
Published: August 2023

Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Candida albicans  Antifungal Activity of Palanjau (Pentaspadon metleyi) Wood ExtractivesPelanjau wood (P. motleyi) extractives traditionally used as medicine for skin infection such as scabies (tinea) and rash caused by fungal T. mentagrophytes and C. albicans. The aim of this research was to identify the effectiveness of pelanjau wood extractives on growth inhibitory of fungal T. mentagrophytes and C. albicans, isolate and identify extract compounds which have antifungal properties. Extraction and fractionation process yielded 7,04% of ethanol extract consisting of 0,28%, 1,28%, 1,19% and 4,29% of n-hexane, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate and residue fractions, respectively. Antifungal activity of pelanjau wood extract more effective on C. albicans growth inhibition than T. mentagrophytes fraction ethyl acetate at (0,03 and 0,06 mg/ml of MIC and MFC, respectively). Isolation of ethyl acetate fraction was resulted dominant compound EA6a and EA6c. NMR and GC MS analysis of compound EA6a indicate 2-Hidroxy octadecanoid acid, Hexadecanoic acid, Ethyl oleate, Octadecanoic acid, Vanilin and phenol,2-methoxy-4-(1-propenyl) as the possibly main component belonged to fatty acid and phenol group. Compound EA6c indicate Phenol, 4-(1,1 dimetylpropyl), Nonylphenol isomer, Phenol,4-(1,1,2,2-tetrametylbutyl), Nonyl-phenol mix isomer dan 4-Nonylphenol as the possibly main component in belong to phenol group.
Media Kompos Serbuk Gergaji Kayu Sengon dan Pupuk Lepas Lambat untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Semai Pinus merkusii di KPH Banyumas Timur
Authors: Hardiwinoto Suryo , Saputro Nur Adin Eko , Nurjanto Handojo Hadi , Widiyatno Widiyatno
Published: August 2023

Effects of Composted Sawdust of Falcata Media and Slow Release Fertilizer to Promote  Pinus merkusii Seedling growth in Banyumas Timur FMUPhysical and chemical properties of the potting media, especially porosity and nutrient availability, are required to produce good quality seedlings of pine (Pinus merkusii Jungh et de Vries). Composted sawdust of sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) wood is a potential material to be used for growing media of pine seedlings. However, since this material contains low nutrients, addition of a slow release fertilizer is required to meet the nutrient demand of seedling growth. The objective of this research was to determine the effects of wood sawdust compost and slow release fertilizer on the growth of pine seedlings. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with two factors and four replications. The first factor was the rate of sawdust compost and the second factor was the rate of slow release fertilizer. Height and root-collar diameter were measured at 6 months of age. As the results, sawdust compost and slow release fertilizer gave a significant effect on height and diameter growths. However, the effect of sawdust compost on seedling growth depended on the rate of fertilizer. Combination treatment that gave the best seedlings growth was 100% sawdust compost + 0% soil (and 12 g fertilizer /1.5 liter media). The seedlings applied with this treatment had the mean height of 8.72 cm and diameter of 2.24 mm, which were significantly greater than the control with the mean height and mean diameter of 1.87 cm and 1.15 mm respectively.
Utilization of Carbonized Wood from Tropical Fast-Growing Trees for Functional Materials
Authors: Sulistyo Joko , Hata Toshimitsu , Marsoem Sri Nugroho
Published: August 2023

Pembangunan hutan tanaman dari jenis-jenis cepat tumbuh di kawasan tropis menimbulkan limbah biomassa kayu yang sebagian saat ini digunakan untuk kayu bakar dan sebagian lain digunakan untuk produksi arang dengan tujuan penggunaan yang terbatas. Pengembangan material-material fungsional untuk berbagai aplikasi teknik dengan memanfaatkan arang kayu dari jenis pohon cepat tumbuh harus mempertimbangkan struktur mikro dan struktur pori dalam arang kayu yang berhubungan dengan kondisi karbonisasi. Ulasan ini meliputi kemajuan penelitian-penelitian saat ini pada karbonisasi kayu dari pohon cepat tumbuh tropis, mekanisme perkembangan struktur mikro dan struktur pori dalam arang kayu selama karbonisasi, pemanfaatan yang tepat dari struktur mikro dan porositas dalam arang kayu untuk pengembangan material-material fungsional serta usaha dan peningkatan pengembangan material-material fungsional menggunakan arang kayu dari pohon cepat tumbuh tropis.Katakunci: arang kayu, material fungsional, pohon cepat tumbuh, karbonisasi Utilization of Carbonized Wood from Tropical Fast-Growing Trees for Functional MaterialsAbstractEstablishment of fast-growing tree species plantations in tropical areas generate wood biomass residue in which some of them are currently utilized for heating fuel and some others are used for charcoal production with limited purposes. The development of functional materials for engineering applications utilizing carbonized wood from fast-growing trees species have to consider the microstructure and pore structure in carbonized wood which has a relationship to the carbonization conditions. This review covers the current researches on progress in the carbonization of wood from tropical fast-growing trees, mechanism of the microstructure and pore structure development in carbonized wood during carbonization, proper utilizations of the microstructure and porosity in carbonized wood for the development of functional materials and efforts and enhancing the development of functional materials using carbonized wood from tropical fast-growing trees.
Evaluasi Awal Kombinasi Uji Provenans dan Keturunan Araucaria Cunninghamii Umur 12 Bulan di Bondowoso, Jawa Timur
Authors: Setiadi Dedi
Published: August 2023

Uji keturunan Araucaria cunninghamii telah dibangun tahun 2008 di Bondowoso Jawa Timur. Sebanyak 80 famili dari enam sumber benih (Fak-fak, Sorong, Serui, Wamena, Manokwari dan Queensland). Uji keturunan dirancang menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap berblok (Randomized Completely Block Design), 4 pohon per plot, 4 ulangan dengan jarak tanam 4 m x 2 m. pada umur 12 bulan perbedaan tinggi dan diameter di antara sumber benih berbeda nyata. Persen tumbuh semua provenans umumnya tinggi (96,7-100%). Perbedaan famili dalam sumber benih sangat berbeda nyata baik untuk tinggi maupun diameter. Heritabilitas pertumbuhan tinggi (h2f = 0,58; h2i = 0,28) dan diameter (h2f = 0,55; h2i = 0,30) termasuk klasifikasi sedang. Korelasi genetik antara tinggi dan diameter cukup kuat (rg = 0,78).Kata kunci: Araucaria cunninghamii, uji keturunan, pertumbuhan awal, heritabilitas. Early Evaluation of Provenance and Progeny  Trial  Combination  of Araucaria Cunninghamii Age 12 Months in Bondowoso, East JavaAbstractA progeny test of Araucaria cunninghamii seedling seed orchard was established in 2008 in Bondowoso, East Java. The progeny trial comprises of eighty open-pollinated families collected from six seed sources (Fak-fak, Sorong, Serui, Wamena, Manokwari and Queensland). The trial was designed as a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) consisted of 80 seedlots, 4 tree-line plots, 4 replicates with spacing of 4 m x 2 m. At 12 months of age there were significant differences  among provenances for tree height and stem diameter. The survival rate of all provenances was high (96.7 -100%). Differences between families within seed source were significant both for height and diameter growth. Estimated heritability for height was moderate (12f= 0.58; h2 = 0.28) and also for diameter (f = 0.55; h21 = 0.30). Genetic correlation between height and diameter was quite strong (rg = 0.78).
Konservasi Global, Taman Nasional dan Praktek Lokal di Pulau Siberut, Sumatera Barat
Authors: Darmanto Darmanto
Published: August 2023

Taman Pulau SIberut (Sumatera Barat) dikenal memiliki keanekaragaman hayati tinggi. Dengan luas 403.500 ha, pulau ini mengandung jenis-jenis endemik (terutama primatanya), keunikan ekologi dan dihuni ‘masyarakat adat’ yang diasumsikan memiliki pengetahuan ekologi tradisional. Pendekatan politik ekologi dan metode etnografi digunakan untuk memaparkan sejarah dan praktek konservasi Siberut. Wacana konservasi Siberut sangat dipengaruhi narasi krisis biologi global, penelitian ilmiah dan kebijakan pemerintah. Pemantapan wacana konservasi mewujud dalam pembentukan taman nasional tahun 1993 melalui proyek PKAT dengan dana hutang Bank Pembangunan Asia. Isu konservasi  tidak mudah diterapkan dan seringkali tidak sesuai dengan praktek lokal dan pandangan orang Siberut sendiri mengenai bagaimana keanekaragaman hayati seharusnya ditata dan dikelola. Masyarakat siberut memiliki interpretasi, artikulasi dan memproduksi makna konservasi yang berbeda dengan pegawai taman nasional dan actor-aktor lain dari luar. Hubungan antara orang Siberut dengan taman nasional diwarnai ciri negosiatif, mendua dan tidak stabil. Negosiasi makna mengenai bagaimana sumberdaya dikelola dari actor yang berbeda-beda kepentingannya menghasilkan dilemma konservasi.Kata kunci: Konservasi, politik ekologi, taman nasional, praktek lokal, siberut.Global Conservation, National Park and Local Practices in Siberut Island, West SumateraAbstractSiberut Island (West Sumatra) has high profile for conservation. This island of 403,500 ha has endemic species, ecological uniqueness and indigenous peoples assumed to have traditional ecological knowledge. Using ecological politics, this article will describe history of biodiversity conservation in Siberut. Discourse of Siberut conservation influenced by biological crisis narrative in the global context, scientific research and government policy. Conservation discourse was institutionalized during national parkestablishment in 1993 together with PKAT project and foreign debt from Asian Development Bank Nevertheless, conservation issue is not easy to implement in the local context and coherent with local practice. Indigenous people of Siberut interpret, articulate and produce meaning for conservation differently with other actors. The relationship between indigenous peoples and conservation issue has been characterized with negotiable features, ambiguity and instability. Meaning negotiation on how resources should be managed by actors with different interests resulted in dilemma of conservation.
Perilaku dan Jelajah Harian Orangutan Sumatera (Pongo abelli Lesson, 1827) Rehabilitan di Kawasan Cagar Alam Hutan Pinus Jantho, Aceh Besar
Authors: Sofyan Hadi , Pudyatmoko Satyawan , Imron Muhammad Ali
Published: August 2023

Mekanisme adaptasi dari Orangutan Sumatera yang direintroduksi merupakan informasi yang sangat penting bagi kesuksesan program rehabilitasi. Tujuan utama penelitian ini untuk mengeksplorasi perilaku dan jelajah harian dari Orangutan Sumatera rehabilitan di stasiun reintroduksi Orangutan Sumatera kawasan Cagar Alam Hutan Pinus Jantho, Aceh Besar. Metode yang digunakan adalah Instantaneous sampling. Data perilaku dalam penelitian ini dikelompokkan berdasarkan ethogram yang mengadopsi dari Standar Pengambilan Data Orangutan. Perilaku harian yang dilakukan Orangutan Sumatera rehabilitan meliputi tiga perilaku utama yaitu istirahat (47,32 %), makan (37 %), bergerak (14,75 %), sosial (0,52 %) dan bersarang (0,41 %). Sebagian besar perilaku Orangutan rehabilitan tidak menunjukkan perbedaan berdasarkan jenis kelamin dan masa reintroduksi. Rata-rata daya jelajah hariannya dari semua individu Orangutan yang diamati berkisar antara 0,7 sampai 26,2 ha. Interaksi dengan manusia pada masa sebelumnya, khususnya pada periode perkembangan Orangutan, dapat mempengaruhi perilaku Orangutan dan mungkin dapat mempengaruhi kesuksesan dalam beradaptasi dengan kondisi di alam.Katakunci: perilaku, Orangutan, daya jelajah harian, cagar alam Jantho Daily Behavior and Range of Rehabilitated Orangutan in the Hutan Pinus Jantho Nature Reserve, Aceh BesarAbstractAdaptation mechanism of reintroduced Sumatran Orangutan is crucial information for successful rehabilitation program. The main objective of this research was to investigate daily behaviors and range ofeight rehabilitated Orangutans in the reintroduction station of Nature Reserve Pine Forest Jantho, Aceh Besar. Data collection was conducted through instantaneous sampling to explore daily behavior and range. The daily activities data were grouped based on ethogram by adopting the standard of Orangutan‘s data collection. The result showed that the proportion of daily behavior of Orangutan Sumatera are 47.32 % resting, 37 % feeding, 14.75 % moving, 0.52 % social interaction and 0.41% nesting activities. There was no different behavior between sex classes and duration of rehabilitation. The average daily range of all focal individuals is 0.7-26.2 ha. Previous interaction with humans, especially during early developmental period, may affect in behaviour of rehabilitated Orangutan Sumatera and probably also influence the adaptation success in the wild.
Pengaruh Pakan dan Bahan Peluruh Serisin terhadap Filamen Terurai Kokon Ulat Sutera Emas Cricula trifenestrata Helf
Authors: Frans Terry M
Published: August 2023

Tujuan penelitian untuk melihat pengaruh pakan dan bahan peluruh serisin, terhadap filamen terurai kokon ulat sutera emas Cricula trifenestrata Helf. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menemukan teknologi penguraian filamen pada tahap pemintalan benang, sebagai bahan baku pembuatan kain sutera. Penelitian menggunakan percobaan faktorial dalam rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) untuk melihat interaksi dari kedua faktor perlakuan yaitu jenis pakan dan jenis bahan peluruh serisin. Variabel yang diamati adalah panjang filamen terurai per kokon (cm), jumlah potongan filamen terurai per kokon (helai), dan panjang filamen perpotongan (cm/helai). Penelitian memberikan hasil bahwa kombinasi perlakuan jenis pakan daun alpukat dan bahan peluruh serisin sabun dengan abu kayu memberikan pengaruh yang terbaik terhadap rata-rata panjang filamen terurai per kokon, rata-rata jumlah potongan filamen per kokon, dan rata-rata panjang filamen perpotongan. Dengan demikian kombinasi perlakuan ini dapat disarankan dalam proses penguraian kokon.Katakunci: sutera, Cricula trifenestrata, serisin, filamen, kokon. Effects of Fodder and Sericin Degumming Agents on Asunder Filament of Golden Silkworm Cocoon of Cricula trifenestrata HelfAbstractThe research aim was to obtain the effect of fodder and sericin degumming agents on asunder filament of golden silkworm cocoon of Cricula trifenestrata Helf. This study expected to find an asunder filament technology in the yarn spinning phase, as the material of silk textile. The complete random design was used to find the interaction between two treatment factors of fodder types and sericin degumming agents. The length of asunder filament per cocoon (cm), the amount of pieces of asunder filament per cocoon (sheet), and the length of filament per piece (cm/sheet) were evaluated. The combination between avocado leaf and soap sericin degumming agent with wood ashes treatment showed the best results on the average of the length of sericin emitec filament asunder per cocoon, the average amount of filament pieces per cocoon, and the average filament length per piece. Therefore, the treatment combination is recommended on the cocoon asunder process.
Participatory Indicators of Success of Community Forestry Programs in Uganda
Authors: Mukadasi Buyinza
Published: August 2023

In Uganda, a large diversity of community initiated forest management systems have evolved recently in response to severe degradation of forests and grazing land and biomass shortages. Forestry professional, forest user group and farmers were organized in June 2004 to develop commonly agreed indicators of the performance of Community Forestry Program in Uganda. Indicators, such as access to fuel wood, incidence of forest fire and amount of community funds raised through the sale offorest products are commonly agreed at local level. Women participation in forestry related meetings and taste of drinking water in the watershed area are also important. Equitable benefit sharing by the community forest users serves as an indicator of better access to forest products. Socio-economic changes such as women participation in forest related decision-making, income generated from community forests, and equity of benefits from community forests also, reflect the program success.
Evaluasi Pertumbuhan Semai Beberapa Provenan Sungkai (Peronema Canescens Jack) di Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Hatta Gusti Muhammad
Published: August 2023

Growth Evaluation of Several Provenances of Sungkai (Peronema Canescens Jack) Seedlings in South KalimantanSungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) is among the species recommended for industrial forest plantation (IFP) by the Ministry of Forestry. Despite this fact, very little is known about the extent of genetic variation in wild populations and few attempts, if any, have been made at genetic improvement. Sungkai cuttings are collected wherever available, rather than companies seeking high-quality stockplants. No effort  has been made to increase the quality of cuttings by collecting them from different geographical origins (provenance test). Cuttings from five provenances in South Kalimantan were tested at nursery stage in order to indent6 the best provenance. The result showed that all provenance had a 100% survival rate. Kandangan provenance was the fastest in finishing shoots formation. There is no significant difference in term of shoot length however, in average, provenances from Tambarangan and Tanjung had longer shoots, i.e. 31 cm and 30.65 cm, respectively.
Tunas Air: Variasi Kemunculan dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jati (Tectona grandis)
Authors: Faridah Eny , Indrioko Sapto , Tuharno Tuharno
Published: August 2023

Epicormics Root: Emerge Variation  and Its Effect on  Teak  (Tectona grandis) Seedling growth Epicormic shoot is an adventitious shoot appearing from the dormant buds. The formation of the shoots is influenced by environmental conditions such as drought, excessive crown opening (by thinning) or by shoot death, but genetic factor also plays a role. Epicormic shoot is assumed to negatively affects plant growth. The study aims to identin) family variation in tendency to form epicormic shoots and to examine the effect of epicormic shoots on seedling growth of teakThe study was conducted in 2006 on teak plantation in compartments 37b, 38c, and 38d, RPH Mangkang, BKPH Mangkang, KPH Kendal. Plant materials used were 6-month teak plantation named as prospective teak plantation (Jati Prospektip. The research was done in Randomized Completely Block Design using 28 seedlots/families (clone number 1 to 28), 3 treeplots, and 3 blocks as replication; and 2 silvicultural treatments i.e. with epicormic shoots and without epicormic shoots (shoots being cut).Results showed that seedlots with the highest tendency to form epicormic shoots were number 5, 18, and 25, while those with the lowest tendency were 6, 10 and 12. The existence of epicormic shoots negatively affected plant growth both on height and stem diameter. In two months, height and stem diameter growth of plants without epicormic shoots were 81.0 cm and 1.29 cm respectively, while those with epicormic shoots were only 69.1 cm and 1.13 cm respectively. Two families showing the highest growth performance were families 14 (with height and diameter growth of 95.6 cm and 1.50 cm) and 22 (94.2 cm and 1.47 cm).
Pengaruh Metode Pengeringan dan Jenis Sortimen Kayu Suren terhadap Kecepatan dan Cacat Pengeringan
Authors: Suranto Yustinus , Mugiyana Mugiyana
Published: August 2023

Effect of Drying Method and Lumber Dimension on Drying Rate  and Defects of Suren WoodEfforts to improve productivity of wood industry must be supported by increasing supply of wood as raw materials. The limited wood supply due to natural forest degradation can be increased by wood harvested from plantation forests, including wood of suren (Toona sureni Merr) as one species composing the forests. In timber processing wood drying is an important aspect determining product quality. This study aimed to identify the effect of drying method and sortimen dimension on drying character of suren wood.Trunks of 3 suren trees of seven to nine years old were cut from Manggihan village, Getasan district, Semarang regency. The bolts were sawn (using blambangan method) to obtain sortimen papan wood of 3 cm (thickness), 8 cm (width), and 210 cm (length) and sortiment usuk wood of 4 cm, 6 cm and 210 cm. Beside two levels of sortimen size, two levels of drying method, e.g. natural and solar drying were also used in this research. Resulted data were analyzed with factorial complete randomized design. Measured parameters consisted of drying rate, dimension shrinkage and some drying defects e.g. bowing, cupping, end check, surface check and fungi infection.Research results showed that drying methods significantly affect drying rate, but not other parameters. Also, product dimension affects significantly to drying rate, but not other parameters. Interactions between the two factors did not give any significant effect on all parameter. To produce the same drying level on the same product size, solar drying method is faster than natural one. To reach dry wood with 14% moisture content in solar drying method, sortimen papan and usuk needs 23 and 26.8 drying days respectively, while in natural drying method, the same product size needs 44.6 and 48.50 days of drying respectively.
A Critical Discourse Study of the Construction of Alibaba’s Corporate Image in Chinese and American Newspapers
Authors: Xu Jingjing
Published: August 2023

With the development of China’s digital economy, the corporate image of Chinese Internet enterprise has also become a focus of academic attention. In order to study the corporate image of Chinese Internet enterprises in the digital economy period, this paper takes Alibaba, a leading Chinese Internet enterprise, as the research object. This paper establishes Chinese News Corpus and English News Corpus and analyze characteristics of lexical collocation, concordance line and semantic prosody. It is found that by categorizing Alibaba’s strong collocations, the images of Alibaba’s enterprises that Chinese and American newspapers focus on include the image of the enterprise’s workers, products, services. It is concluded that the image of Alibaba’s employees has a positive influence in Chinese newspapers, while the image in American newspapers is more negative, including sexism. The image of Taobao, Alibaba’s main product, is a platform that contributes to raises the income of the rural population in the Chinese newspaper, while it is a platform for fake products in the American newspaper. Alibaba’s services are portrayed in the Chinese newspaper as diverse services platform and a provider of digital solutions for China’s smart cities, but in the U.S. press as a monopolistic platform subject to the Chinese government.
A Study on Cultural Translatability from the Perspective of Lefevere’s Constraints on Literary Translation—Take the Nickname Translation in Shuihuzhuan as Examples
Authors: Zhenzhen Chen
Published: August 2023

Cultural translatability has long been a hot but mysterious topic in translation academia. Lefevere, as one of the major figures of “cultural turn” in translation studies, investigated translation from socio-cultural perspective and stressed the extra-textual constraints on cultural translation. However, most studies have focused on the major four manipulations and neglected the other specific elements that hinder cultural translation. Nickname in Shuihuzhuan, originated from historical figures, anecdotes, legends, weapons, dialects, and other cultural elements, has revealed its research value in literary translation and cultural transmission. Therefore, this paper intends to take nickname translation in Shuihuzhuan as examples, analyzes those specific cultural elements, and carries out some translation strategies and cultural strategies to deal with them. Though the paper is aimed at discussing the cultural translation by using texts in Shuihuzhuan, the conclusion is applicable to all literature works.
ADVANTAGEOUS OF BENEFICIAL MICROBES FOR BIOREMEDIATION OF ADULTERATED GLOBAL-CULTIVATED SOILS
Authors: Kamal Prasad
Published: August 2023

The soil is one of the most valuable resources since it forms the foundation for many important life processes and ecosystem purposes. Worldwide, soil pollution is a result of human activities that are not sustainable, such as the use of dangerous inorganic chemicals. The mining, production, transportation, end-user use, disposal, and accidental discharge of chemicals all contribute to soil contamination, which in turn jeopardizes human life, livestock, wildlife, and entire ecosystems. Purifying and decontaminating soil with conventional procedures is labor-intensive and time-consuming and can modify the soil’s physical, chemical, and biological properties. Furthermore, they do not always ensure that all impurities are eliminated. Sustainable and cutting-edge technology has developed over the last few decades. Biological soil remediation solutions, also known as soft remediation options, are being developed to integrate, namely efficient removal of soil contaminants, mitigation of soil ecotoxicity, and reduction of legally and ethically mandated hazards to the environment and human health. Soil remediation methods should not only repair soil health and provide necessary system services but also reduce noxious waste concentrations in the soil to below regulatory limits. The microorganisms have shown promise in the clean-up of soils contaminated with radioactive contaminants, heavy metals, chemical fertilizers in excess, trichlorethylene, trinitrotoluene, herbicides such as atrazine, and organophosphates. The cost of cleaning up environmental pollutants with eco-friendly technology is inexpensive when compared to other approaches, including conventional ones. The focus of the current manuscript is on using beneficial bacteria to clean up polluted farmland to ensure the longevity of the subsequent generation.
ACTIVITY OF LIVER FUNCTION ENZYME AND ANTIBACTERIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY OF ANNONA SENEGALENSIS LEAF EXTRACT
Authors: JUDE JEGEDE ROTIMI , JOHN OGUNBIYI OLUWAGBENGA , JUMMAI ALAO VICTORY
Published: August 2023

In ethnomedicine, various natural products have been implicated in the treatment of several diseases. Annona senegalensis has been identified as one of the plants that have the potential to cure ailments arising from microbial infections. This study however was carried out to investigate the liver function enzyme activity and in vitro antibacterial susceptibility of the 50% ethanol-methanol leaf extract of A. senegalensis. The effect of the administration of 100 mg/kg body weight of A. senegalensis on serum enzyme parameters and antibacterial susceptibility was investigated in albino rats. Thirty-three albino rats with average weights of 200 g were divided into two groups. Group 1 contained 30 rats and was treated with 20 mg/mL of A. senegalensis leaf extract while Group 2 contained three rats and served as the control. The treatment lasted for 20 consecutive days while the rats in Group 1 were daily administered with the leaf extract of A. senegalensis. Data were analyzed and presented using a descriptive analysis from Microsoft Excel 2016 version. The results obtained from administration of the leaf extract of A. senegalensis on serum enzymes parameters show a significant increase in serum enzyme activity when compared to the control. This indicates that the leaf extracts of A. senegalensis have significant effects on the serum enzymes parameters. The in vitro antibacterial susceptibility of the leaf extracts relative to the drugs (Ampicillin and Ciprofloxacin) revealed that the leaf extract of the plant holds much promise in antibacterial property when combined with antibiotics used in this study. This research revealed that there is high activity of alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase in the serum following the administration of 100 mg/kg body weight of 50% ethanol-methanol leaf extract of A. senegalensis. The antibacterial susceptibility test of the leaf extract carried out in vitro also revealed the plant antibacterial property. The combination of A. senegalensis leaf extract with antibiotic drugs, especially the one used in this study hold much promise in its efficacy as revealed in its synergistic interaction.
Phosphorus release from a tropical estuary sediment: a laboratory study of Lake Maracaibo (Venezuela)
Authors: Ledo Hilda , Moreno-Rojas Rafael , Marín Julio , Colina Marinela , Torres Julio
Published: August 2023

The release of phosphorus (P) from bottom sediments is an important source of nutrient enrichment in many lakes. Reductive dissolution of P and iron (Fe) has been regarded as a mechanism responsible for the P mobilization in sediments. In this work, sedimentary P fluxes in the central portion of Lake Maracaibo were studied, considering the influences of dissolved oxygen, redox potential, pH, and Fe in the overlying water. Experiments were performed to laboratory scale in a batch system under anaerobic conditions in 1976, 1983, 1998 and 2009. For 2023, predictive models were applied. The estimated contribution of sediment to the P content in Lake Maracaibo ranged from 4.84 to 8.14x106 kgP/year, and the P release rate ranged from 1.66 to 10.30 mgP/m2.d. On the last day of the experiment, the P concentration of the sediment was 0.251 mgP/g and of the sediments from the lake (hypolimnetic cone) was 0.253 mgP/g. Fe and the redox potential account for approximately 57% of the variability in total P in overlying water. The annual contribution of sedimentary P to the P content of the lake ranged from 11.13% in 1976 to 27.25% in 2023 (52.72% in 2009).
Determination of Levels of Heavy Metals in Soils at Suame Magazine
Authors: Benjamin Bartels , Michael Boadi Mensah
Published: August 2023

Background and objectives of study; Auto mechanics in Ghana have positively contributed to the transportation sector. However, they leave behind diverse waste materials on the soil within their workshops and the surrounding areas. These materials contain heavy metals, which in high concentrations, negatively effects the nervous, reproductive and vascular systems. This research aims at determining the levels of heavy metals such as lead, zinc, chromium and cadmium at the magazine. The results shall indicate the extent of pollution of the soils, and thereby contribute to data on heavy metals in Ghana. Methods: Fourteen soil samples were collected from two zones at Suame magazine in Kumasi in the Ashanti region of Ghana. Seven (7) samples from the spare parts dealers (lower zone) and the other seven from the working site (upper zone).The samples were digested and the concentrations of the metals determined by the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Results: Zinc had the highest concentration of 58.52 mg/kg and the least being chromium with concentration of 1.70 mg/kg. These concentrations were within the permissible limits of WHO. Conclusion: Heavy metals concentration was higher at where artisans work and low at the spare parts zone.
Application of Personality Theory of Criminal Psychology to Nordic Noir: A Study
Authors: Satsangi Sunakshi
Published: August 2023

Crime fiction is a genre in literature that is mainly focused on crime, its detection, its solution, the criminal and his motives. Similar to the genre of crime fiction is the sub- genre within it called ‘Nordic Noir’ which is also known as ‘Scandinavian Noir’. It is a term given to the literature coming from the Nordic or Scandinavian countries like Iceland, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Finland etc. It is mainly known for its dark and bleak settings, description of its landscape and strong female characters. There have been various approaches that have tried to understand criminal mind and behaviour. Relating crime fiction and criminal psychology and its various theories will yield new insight as psychology and literature share a very close bond. The Personality Theory argues that there are a number of personality traits which are associated with an act of crime or violent behaviour. Eysenck in his book Crime and Personality published in 1964 established a relationship between criminal behaviour and personality. According to him, personality traits play a key role in criminality. He was of the view that some genetic traits along with certain environmental forces lead to criminal behaviour or conduct. The three super factors about which Eysenck talks about and upon which the PEN model is based are psychoticism (P), extraversion (E) and neuroticism (N). This paper aims at the application of Personality Theory as given by Hans Eysenck to the new emerging sub-genre of Nordic noir. As the genre deals with crime and criminals, therefore it would be highly insightful to study it in the light of criminal psychology.
Der gesellschaftliche Impact sozialwissenschaftlichen Wissens in Österreich: Wirkungswege, Messung, Potentiale. Eine explorative Studie
Authors:   Universität Wien, Felt Ulrike , Fochler Maximilian
Published: August 2023

Der hier vorliegende Bericht basiert auf einer explorativen Studie zum gesellschaftlichen Impact der universitär verankerten Sozialwissenschaften in Österreich und zu den Möglichkeiten diesen zu erfassen/zu messen. Sein Ziel ist es einen differenzierten Input zu der Diskussion zur gesellschaftlichen Bedeutung der sozialwissenschaftlichen Forschung in Österreich zu leisten. Unsere Ausführungen basieren auf einer breiten Analyse der relevanten Fachliteratur, auf einer Reihe von Experteninterviews mit Personen, die sich in verschiedenen nationalen Kontexten mit der Frage des „Societal Impact“ auseinandersetzen, sowie auf einem explorativen qualitativen Sample von Interviews mit erfahrenen in Universitäten verankerten SozialwissenschaftlerInnen in Österreich. Die in den Interviews abgedeckten Disziplinen sind Soziologie, Kommunikationswissenschaft und Politikwissenschaft.
Mesoamérica y Andes
Authors: Battcock Clementina , Ramos Alejandra
Published: August 2023

Though we have witnessed the decline of the system for classifying cultural areas, the labels persist in academia. By first verifying the validity, which runs parallel to strong questioning, we examine the construction of the Andes and Mesoamerica as research subjects. We analyze their association with the concept of civilization and the extent to which their study calls for an interdisciplinary approach. We reconstruct the historical development of the Andes and Mesoamerica areas, evaluate the relevant debates and consider attempts to foster comparative or joint treatment. We propose redefining the Andes and Mesoamerica as entities under constant construction that tell us about the realities they reference as well as about the academic community that utilizes the classifications. Consequently, we argue that making the classification objective improves the capacity for dialogue among researchers and contributes to the advancement and complexity of our knowledge.
Francisco Javier Cervantes Bello (coord.), Libros y lectores en las sociedades hispanas: España y Nueva España (siglos XVI-XVIII)
Authors: Escamilla Iván
Published: August 2023

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