bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prerequisites for Customer Orientation
Authors: Schlögl Erwin
Published: October 2017

A highly competitive global market means numerous opportunities as well as numerous threats and challenges.Products become increasingly indistinguishable. Companies need therefore to develop concepts and strategiesfor relationships with their customer. For this purpose, a comprehensive consideration is necessary. The shiftfrom transaction marketing to relation marketing already took place, and the focus is on the customer. Customerrelationship management seems to provide possible solutions for competitive markets. The CRM hype isongoing even though failing CRM implementation rates of up to 75 percent are reported. One of the successfactors for CRM implementation is orientation toward the customer. Customer orientation requires variousdifferent measures like change management, cross functional collaboration, process management, employeecommitment and the support as well as the encouragement from the owners or investors of a company. Internalmarketing is necessary to convince employees to switch from functional to cross functional thinking. Customerorientation is a strategy, a journey and a long-term undertaking and requires continuous review andimprovement. This paper provides a comprehensive insight on necessary factors for customer orientation.
PHÂN TÍCH HÀM LƯỢNG β - CAROTEN TRONG MỘT SỐ LOẠI NGŨ CỐC CÓ MÀU Ở THỪA THIÊN HUẾ BẰNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP SẮC KÝ LỎNG HIỆU NĂNG CAO
Authors: Hiếu Trương Ngọc Bảo , Tứ Ngô Văn
Published: October 2017

Bài báo này mô tả kết quả nghiên cứu và xây dựng phương pháp phân tích β – caroten  trong một số loại ngũ cốc có màu bằng phương pháp sắc ký lỏng hiệu năng cao (HPLC) với detector mảng điot phát quang (PDA). Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy: phép đo xác định ở bước sóng 450nm, cột pha đảo C18 (150 mm x 4,6 mm, 5 µm) , ở nhiệt độ phòng, pha động là MeOH : H2O (50 : 50 theo thể tích), thể tích tiêm mẫu 20 μL, tốc độ dòng 1,0 mL/phút. Phương pháp có độ nhạy cao độ lặp lại tốt (RSD% < 3.5%, n = 6), giới hạn phát hiện thấp LOD = 0,2 ppm. Giữa nồng độ β – carotene và diện tích peak có tương quan tuyến tính tốt trong khoảng 0,5 ÷ 10 ppm với R2 = 0,9999. Kết quả kiểm tra chất lượng của phương pháp trên mẫu thực tế cho thấy phương pháp có độ đúng tốt với độ thu hồi từ 91 ÷ 101%.
Criterios de diseño para la toma de decisiones en la evaluación de alternativas de minado en Empresas Mineras de la Región Central del Perú
Authors: Mendiola Ochante Victor
Published: October 2017

El diseño de una mina tiene un conjunto de procesos para alcanzar sus objetivos estratégicos y su visión entre los que podemos destacar: la selección del método de minado, el dimensionamiento geométrico de la mina, la determinación del ritmo anual de producción y la ley de corte, la secuencia de extracción, etc. La presente investigación fijo como problema principal, ¿Cuáles son los criterios de diseño empleados en la selección de métodos de minado en las empresas mineras de la región central del Perú?; como objetivo general: “Determinar los criterios  de diseño; para la selección de métodos de minado en las empresas mineras de la región central del Perú” y como hipótesis general: “Los criterios de diseño utilizados en la selección de métodos de minado en las empresas mineras de la región central del Perú, no son óptimos”. Se utilizó el método no experimental, transaccional descriptivo. El diseño empleado fue descriptivo simple y correlacional. Concluyendo que; solo el 16.33%, de las empresas mineras cumplen parcialmente con los criterios de diseño para la selección de métodos de minado.

 

Por consiguiente se valida la hipótesis planteada en nuestra investigación. Siendo estas empresas las siguientes: Compañía minera San Ignacio de Morococha, unidad San Vicente (Mediana minería); Volcán Compañía Minera S.A.A. (Gran minería); Minera Argentum S.A., Morococha (Mediana minería). Respecto a la toma de decisiones de las empresas seleccionadas podemos concluir que solo el 5%, realiza una simulación y cuenta con un proceso de diseño capaz de analizar alternativas multicriterio. Seleccionar el método de minado optimó extractivo es uno de los problemas de decisión multicriterio (DM) en el cual los decisores deben asignar un peso a los criterios para realizar una simulación. Para resolver este problema se plantea la ponderación de variables mediante pesos y la selección del método mediante la sumatoria de los mismos.
Evaluación de la saturación y sedimentación en la precipitación selectiva del drenaje ácido de mina
Authors: Oré Vidalón Salvador
Published: October 2017

En el presente trabajo de investigación, se realizó la evaluación de la saturación y sedimentación en la precipitación selectiva del drenaje ácido de mina, Los metales pesados fueron el cobre, zinc, manganeso, hierro y aluminio, la precipitación se realizó mediante la adición de óxido de calcio, estableciéndose un rango adecuado de los pH en base al diagrama de precipitación. Para la evaluación de la sedimentación se realizaron las pruebas en forma discontinua, con la finalidad de establecer los parámetros necesarios para el dimensionamiento de un sedimentador continuo. La precipitación selectiva de los metales pesados presentes en el drenaje ácido de mina es posible dentro los siguientes rangos: para un pH de 4.15 la mayor recuperación es para el hierro con un 99.6 % y estableciéndose una composición de 98.2. Para un pH de 5.9 se establece una mayor recuperación del cobre con un 88.5 y una composición de 73.6. Para un pH de 8 la mayor recuperación corresponde al zinc con un 94.6 % de recuperación y una composición de 81.4 %. Para un pH de 10 la mayor   recuperación corresponde al manganeso con un 64.5% y una composición del 95,6 %. Mediante el estudio de la sedimentación discontinua se determinan los parámetros necesarios para el diseño de un sedimentador continuo en la precipitación selectiva de los metales pesados del drenaje ácido de mina.
Evaluación del proceso de biosorción del colorante rodamina contenida en las aguas residuales de la Cooperativa Textil Manufacturas del Centro Ltda. con cáscara de naranja modificada
Authors: Melgar Merino Arturo M.
Published: October 2017

Las aguas residuales provenientes de la industria textil causan problemas ambientales cuando son vertidos a fuentes receptoras naturales. Los procesos frecuentemente usados para la remoción de colorantes son costosos. En este contexto, se han desarrollado bioprocesos, como la biosorción que utilizan como precursores material orgánico desecho, como una alternativa económica para este tipo de desechos. La cáscara de naranja modificada fue el medio de biosorción que se utilizó en este trabajo. Se evaluó la influencia de las cambios del tamaño de partícula, del tiempo de contacto y de la concentración del biosorbente, simultáneamente en un diseño 23. La mayor remoción de colorante se obtuvo con partículas de 1 mm de diámetro, un tiempo de contacto de 60 minutos y una concentración de biosorbente de 70 g/L. En el nivel mínimo de las variables resulta una baja remoción del colorante.
Relaciones de género en el Distrito de Sicaya – Provincia de Huancayo
Authors: Arredondo B. Freder L. , Romero S. Carlos A.
Published: October 2017

La investigación tiene por objetivo describir las relaciones de género dentro del distrito de Sicaya, y si estas relaciones son equitativas o no, además de cómo van cambiando a través del tiempo y del espacio. Los datos que se presentan son  fundamentalmente los roles del hombre y de la mujer en tres ámbitos; en el espacio doméstico, público y en los espacios de entretenimiento. La investigación es mixta se presentan datos cuantitativos y cualitativos.
Análisis de la sección de discusión de los artículos científicos de los docentes investigadores de la UNCP, 2008-2012
Authors: Miguel Miguel Hugo , Hurtado Porras Jesús
Published: October 2017

Se analizó la discusión de los artículos científicos elaborados por los docentes investigadores de la UNCP, entre los años 2008 al 2012. La población del estudio estuvo constituida por todos los artículos científicos producidos anualmente por los docentes investigadores. La muestra de estuvo compuesta por 48 artículos, obtenidos probabilísticamente; para N = 2118; Zα 2 =1,962; para una seguridad del 95 %; p = proporción esperada (5 % = 0.05); q = 1- p (1-0.05 = 0.95); d = Precisión (10 %). En cada facultad se eligieron al azar 6 artículos científicos. Los datos del estudio provienen de la base de datos de los investigadores del Centro de Investigación de la UNCP. Con los hallazgos conseguidos se concluye que; los porcentajes de los niveles de la interpretación de los datos son: 39.6 % de nivel mediano; 52.1 % de nivel bajo; y 8.3 % de nivel nulo; los porcentajes de los niveles de implicaciones de los datos son: 6.3 % de nivel bajo; y 93.8 % de nivel nulo; los porcentajes de los niveles de definición de las potenciales limitaciones del estudio son: 6.3 % del nivel mediano; el 4.2 % del nivel bajo; y 89.6 % de nivel nulo; los porcentajes de los niveles de concordancias o discordancias con publicaciones anteriores son: 12.5 % de nivel mediano; 20.8 % de nivel bajo; y 66.7 % de nivel nulo; y los porcentajes de los niveles de las aplicaciones prácticas de los resultados son: 6.3 % % de nivel bajo; 93.8 % de nivel nulo.

 
El taller y la integración curricular. Reflexiones sobre la herencia y el porvenir en el aula universitaria
Authors: Macera Irene Marina
Published: October 2017

El artículo que aquí se presenta contiene reflexiones pedagógicas en torno a experiencias de integración que se suscitan al interior de la carrera de Arquitectura de la Universidad Abierta Interamericana —UAI—, sede Rosario. Dos líneas de trabajo interesa resaltar en términos pedagógicos: proyectos de integración centrados en un pensamiento acerca de los lenguajes de la arquitectura y sus modos de expresión y transmisión, por un lado, y, por el otro, propuestas de integración curricular caracterizadas por producir experiencias pedagógicas que ocasionen rupturas en los ritmos habituales del aula. Se presentarán para ello registros de observación de clase y documentos internos institucionales. Consideramos que estas reflexiones sobre la experiencia permitirán alcanzar hipótesis acerca de la transmisión propia de la época que nos toca vivir.
Narrar, recitar y cantar literatura folklórica: un aporte a la cultura de la paz
Authors: Bianchi Bustos Marcelo
Published: October 2017

En el presente ensayo se reflexiona sobre la importancia de trabajar en el aula con literatura folklórica —la lit­eratura de tradición oral que es transmitida de generación en generación— como una manera de incorporar la mirada y la herencia cultural de distintos pueblos y nacionalidades. Esta incorporación, a su vez, es una apuesta por la cultura de la paz, pues a través de la inclusión de otras voces, muchas veces silenciadas, se logrará un mejor entendimiento entre las personas.
Efektifitas Acuyoga terhadap Keluhan Insomnia pada Ibu hamil Trimester III di Masyarakat Agriculture Traditional di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Ngancar Kabupaten Kediri
Authors: Renityas Nevy Norma , Sari Levi Tina , Wibisono Wahyu
Published: October 2017

Pregnant mother in the 3rd trimester usually experience sleep disorder caused by dis- comfort of pain on waist due to the enlargement of uterus to the anterior position.The decline of sleep duration of pregnant mother can also make their condition and concentration decreased, experience fatigue, body feels stiff, mood swing, and tend to be emotional. This condition makes the pregnancy becomes more severe than before (Bambang BR, 2004). Therefore, acuyoga technique is applied in order toreduce insomnia. Acuyoga consists of breathing exercises, meditation, relax- ation, and using meridian points in the body to cope with stress and back pain that can cause insomnia in pregnant women. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of acuyoga techniques to insomnia complaints of 3rd trimester of pregnant women in traditional agricultural communities. The research method used pretest-posttest design with consecutive sampling tech- nique and the number of samples was 40 mothers divided into 4 groups, each group was given treatment 4times in 2 weeks. The measuring tool used the questionnaire and the ISI scale then ana- lyzed by paired sample t-test. The results of the study showed there were an effect of acuyoga tech- nique to insomnia in pregnant women with t count = 13.397 with ttable = 0.021. It was expected that acuyoga technique could be one of the techniques to reduce insomnia in pregnant women since it could relax the muscles in the body so that pregnant women felt comfortable.
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Bidan tentang BLS (Basic Life Support) dengan Waktu Tanggap Pelayanan Gawat Darurat pada Pasien di IRD Obgyn RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya
Authors: Amalia Rizki
Published: October 2017

Prinsip pelayanan gawat darurat adalah Time Saving is Life Saving, terutama pada pasien Prioritas 1 di RSUD Dr soetomo Surabaya . Kurangnya tingkat pengetahuan bidan tentang BLS merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat memperlambat waktu tanggap bidan dalam menangani pasien Prioritas 1 sehingga resiko terjadinya kecacatan dan kematian akan semakin tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan perawat tentang BLS dengan waktu tanggap pelayanan gawat darurat pada pasien Prioritas 1 di RSUD Dr soetomo Surabaya. Metodologi: Desain penelitian ini menggunakan metode analitik observasional dengan pendekatan Time Series. Populasi yang digunakan yaitu bidan Kamar Terima IGD OBGYN RSUD Dr soetomo Surabaya, pada bulan Mei 2017. Sampel diambil sebesar 21 responden dengan teknik Total Sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner dan lembar observasi. Setelah data ditabulasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik Spearmans Rho Corre- lation dengan 0,05. Hasil: Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hampir sebagian (42,9%) responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan baik dan sebagian besar (61,9%) responden memiliki waktu tanggap cepat. Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik diperoleh hasil ada hubungan tingkat pengetahuan bidan tentang BLS dengan waktu tanggap pelayanan gawat darurat dengan = 0,000. Melihat hasil penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa semakin baik tingkat pengetahuan bidan tentang BLS maka semakin cepat waktu tanggap pelayanan gawat daruratnya. Perlu adanya usaha peningkatan pengetahuan bidan tentang BLS melalui pelatihan dan workshop agar waktu tanggap Bidan semakin cepat.
Hubungan Status Nutrisi dengan Kualitas Hidup pada Lansia Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 yang Berobat di Poli Penyakit dalam RSD Mardi Waluyo Blitar
Authors: Setiyorini Erni , Wulandari Ning Arti
Published: October 2017

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is mostly elderly. In the aging process, glucose tolerance decreases. The most common problem occurs in patients with DM is to maintain ideal body weight. Some elderly people have problems with excessive weight and some malnutrition. The condition of malnutrition in elderly with type 2 diabetes has an effect on physical and psychological function, both of these factors are important in the satisfaction of quality of life. The quality of life of DM patients is a feeling of satisfaction and happiness will live in general, especially with diabetes mellitus. The aims of this study was to determine the relationship between nutritional status and functional capacity with the quality of life of elderly people with diabetes mellitus type 2. The design in this study is correlational with cross sectional approach. Sampling technique of accidental sampling. Identify elderly people with type 2 diabetes in accordance with the inclusion criteria, then Data collection is done by weighing weight and measuring the height of elderly, filling the quality of life questionnaire, and functional capacity. Data analysis using Spearman Rank. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between nutritional status and functional capacity with quality of life of elderly people with type 2 diabetes, the correlation of each with r = 0,000 and r = 0.003. Expected For health workers to provide motivation to patients to maintain a good lifestyle so as to minimize complications and quality of life of the elderly either. For families to support and facilitate healthy lifestyles in elderly people with type 2 diabetes to achieve the most nutritional status and functional status according to age and ability.
Pengaruh Mobilisasi Dini SIM Kanan Kiri terhadap Konstipasi pada Pasien Stroke Infark di Ruang ICU RSUD Dr. H. Mohammad Anwar Sumenep
Authors: Puspitasari Dian Ika , Hannan Mujib , Su'udiyah Su'udiyah
Published: October 2017

Stroke merupakan gangguan fungsi saraf akut yang disebabkan karena gangguan peredaran darah ke otak. Dampak yang sering terjadi pada pasien stroke adalah konstipasi karena komplikasi penyakit, obat-obatan dan kurangnya mobilisasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pengaruh mobilisasi dini sim kanan kiri terhadap konstipasi pada pasien Stroke Infark di Ruang ICU RSUD dr. H. Mohammad Anwar Sumenep. Desain penelitian ini adalah quasy experiment dengan rancangan non-equivalent control group. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien Stroke Infark yang dirawat di Ruang ICU RSUD dr. H. Moh. Anwar Sumenep pada bulan Agustus September 2016 sebanyak 20 orang, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 10 orang kelompok kontrol dan 10 orang kelompok perlakuan. Instrumen penelitian berupa Standart Operational Procedure (SOP) mobilisasi, check list dan lembar observasi. Analisa data menggunakan uji statistik Chi square dengan (0,05). Hasil penelitian pada kelompok kontrol saat pre test didapatkan bahwa seluruh responden (100%) tidak defekasi dan pada saat post test didapatkan hampir seluruhnya (80%) responden mengalami defekasi. Sedangkan hasil pada kelompok perlakuan saat pre test didapatkan bahwa seluruh responden (100%) tidak defekasi dan pada saat post test sebagian besar (70%) responden mengalami defekasi. Hasil analisa data menunjukkan bahwa p value = 0,025 dengan = 0,05 sehingga nilai p < yang berarti ada pengaruh mobilisasi sim kanan kiri terhadap konstipasi pada pasien Stroke Infark di Ruang ICU RSUD dr. H. Moh. Anwar Sumenep. Posisi sim kanan kiri merupakan tindakan keperawatan mandiri yang dapat menurunkan konstipasi pada penderita Stroke yang tidak dapat melakukan mobilisasi karena tirah baring.
The Effect of Counseling on the Ability of Caring for the Umbilical Cord at The Primigravida Nifas Mother in BPM Nihayatur Rohmah Karangsono Village Kanigoro Blitar Regency
Authors: Ulfa Maria , Imanita Andestia
Published: October 2017

The high infant mortality rate due to improper umbilical cord care is increasing. Improper umbilical cord caring behavior is still found in postpartum primigravida, so it is necessary to increase postpartum knowledge of the importance of treating the umbilical cord in the right way to prevent infection. This study design is Quasy-eksperimental one group Pre-post-test-design. Population of this research is Primigravida Nifas Mother one day 2-7 days in BPM Nihayatur Rohmah. The sample in this research is 15 respondents by using total sampling.Data analysis using Wilcoxon test. Results of research on the ability of postpartum primigravida mother in caring for the correct umbilical cord before counseling 6,7% in the able category and after getting counseling there is a 93,3% increase that is 100% in the category capable. Based on the results of the study is expected to respondents more active again in increasing interest by increasing information about caring for the correct umbilical cord to prevent the occurrence of infection
Pengetahuan Keluarga tentang Pembebasan Pasung
Authors: Sunarno Imam , Suryani Yayuk Endah
Published: October 2017

Shelter is an action that uses binding or isolation. In the city of Blitar the number of ODGJ as many as 447 people, while in the village of Kepanjen Kidul there are 117 people with mental disorders, 3 of which carried pemasungan. Good knowledge will make the deprivation of shelter action. The purpose of the study illustrates the family knowledge about the release of ODGJ stalks in the working area of UPTD Pukesmas Kepanjen Kidul Kota Blitar. This research method using descriptive design. The population in this study is the family who has severe mental disorder as many as 117 people and the sample size is 30 people with purposive sampling technique. Data collection was done by using questionnaire. The data were collected on January 28 - March 31, 2017. The research results showed that family knowledge was less than 76.7%. Recommendations for UPTD Pukesmas Kepanjenkidul and cadres as sources of information and expected mental cadres and health workers to provide KIE to ODGJ families about the liberation of the pavement to reduce and prevention of shelter action.
Hubungan Pengetahuan dengan Sikap Remaja Putri dalam Menghadapi Nyeri Haid (Dysmenorhea) di SDI Alakbar Bangsal Mojokerto
Authors: Yuliani Farida
Published: October 2017

Dysmenorea is menstrual pain that the girly teenagers often feel. In Indonesia, the number of primarydysmenorea happen in 54,89% and the others are the type of patients facing menstrual pain. The kind of this study is analytic. The independent variable is knowledge and the dependent is the manner. The population counts 35 students. Taking samples is done by total sampling. The data taken are observed and analyzed by Chi Square. The result of this study shows us that having good knowledge counts 51% and the most respondent have positive manner in facing menstrual pain. Statical test using Chi Square test gets the result sig (2 talled)(0,026), so H1 will be accepted, if sig (2-tailed) <Î± so, based on Chi Square test shows us that H1 is acceptable, it means the relationship between knowlwdge and the manner of girly teenagers in facing menstrual pain. We hope the health workers more actively giving education about menstrual pain.
EFFECTIVENESS OF CLASSROOM ACTION RESEARCH TRAINING FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHER IN ORDER TO IMPROVE THE CAPABILITY AND PROFESSIONALISM OF TEACHER AT SDN 04 IX KORONG SOLOK CITY
Authors: Afrahamiryano Afrahamiryano
Published: October 2017

Training of Classroom Action Research is an effort to increase the understanding and skills of teachers in preparing the research proposal, conducting research, as well as a research report. This training is subject teachers at SDN 04 IX Korong totaling 19 people. The training was conducted by the lecture method which collaborated with guided exercises. The use of this method is effective to increase the interest of teachers in writing, because every teacher guided continuous and programmed. This training provides a positive impact for teachers at SDN 04 Korong IX. It is seen from the 19 teachers who attended the training, there are 11 teachers who successfully complete the Class Action Research to stage the final report. It shows that 57.9% of teachers at SDN 04 IX Korong able to do research and have a high enough motivation to produce the scientific work. So based on this study, it can be concluded that the training of classroom action research which is continuous and effective programmed to build capabilities and professionalism of teachers.
Kebebasan Ekonomi vis a vis Intervensi Negara: Perspektif Ibn Khaldun
Authors: Fakhrina Agus
Published: October 2017

Abstract: This research was aimed to explore the economic freedom vis a vis government intervention according to Ibn Khaldun. To answer this question, I studied al-Muqaddimah of Ibn Khaldun directly. The ideas of Ibn Khaldun in his al-Muqaddimah were analized by using content analysis. Beside that, I also used Karl Mannheim’s sociology of knowledge approach to analyze his ideas. The result revealed that Ibn Khaldun emphasized the economic activities had to be free from the restrictive power of the government. The economic freedom, however, had not to be free from rule of game. It had to be under the control of the rule of game, and to do that the role of government was very necessary. Based on Karl Mannheim’s sociology of knowledge, Ibn Khaldun ideas were influenced by social knowledge determination in his life and he also used his perspective as moslem to explore his ideas. It could be said that there was so strong relation between Ibn Khaldun ideas and the social reality in his life. Thus, his knowledge type was ideological, not utopian.       Abstrak: Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk menelusuri secara mendalam kebebasan ekonomi vis a vis intervensi negara dalam perspektif Ibn Khaldun. Untuk menjawab masalah tersebut, peneliti mengkaji secara langsung dari karyanya al-Muqaddimah, kitab jilid pertama dari Kitab al-‘Ibar yang terdiri dari tujuh jilid. Dalam hal ini, ide-ide yang dituangkan oleh Ibn Khaldun dalam al-Muqaddimah-nya dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode analisis isi atau content analysis. Selain itu, peneliti juga menganalisis pemikiran Ibn Khaldun dengan menggunakan pendekatan sosiologi pengetahuan Karl Mannheim. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Ibn Khaldun memang sangat menekankan pentingnya kebebasan ekonomi dari kekangan kekuasaan negara dan sangat menentang intervensi negara yang mengekang kebebasan tersebut demi tumbuh dan berkembangnya perekonomian suatu negara. Namun demikian, kebebasan ini bukanlah bebas sebebas-bebasnya. Kebebasan yang dimaksud adalah kebebasan yang mengikuti aturan main dan dalam konteks inilah peran negara diperlukan sebagai pelindung dan penegak aturan main tersebut. Berpijak pada teori sosiologi pengetahuan Karl Mannheim, pemikiran Ibn Khaldun dipengaruhi oleh determinasi sosial pengetahuan yang berkembang pada masanya, dan dia juga menggunakan perspektifnya sebagai seorang muslim dalam menuangkan ide-idenya. Jadi terdapat relasi yang kuat antara pemikiran Ibn Khaldun dengan realitas sosial yang ada. Dengan demikian corak pengetahuan Ibn Khaldun adalah bercorak ideologi, bukan utopia.
KINETIC STUDY OF PHOSPHOR DAN NITROGEN COMPOUNDS FROM SEDIMENTARY RE-SUSPENSION
Authors: Prartono T. , Hasena T. , Hasena T. , Hasena T.
Published: October 2017

Kinetic study of phosphor and nitrogen compounds through resuspension sediment has been carried out to determine their time release from sediment to the water column. This laboratory study was performed by stirring the sediment within the seawater at an equal current speed of 1 m/sec. Nutrients were observed at several intervals of 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 15 minutes, 20 minutes, 25 minutes and 40 minutes by sampling 25 ml water mixture with 3 time as replicates. The increase of nutrient occurred significantly during 5 minutes. Their average contribution of nutrient per gram sediment reached 1.827 μg phosphate, 0.292 mg ammonia, 0.276 mg ammonium, 1.776 μg nitrite and 9.059 μg nitrate. The extent of nutrient increase was probably depended upon characteristic of sediment (composition of nutrient availability) and resuspension speed.

Keywords: kinetic, nutrient, resuspension, sediment, Jakarta Bay.
VARIABILITY OF CHLOROPHYLL-a CONCENTRATION OF THE NORTHERN SUMBAWA WATERS BASED ON Sea WiFS SATELLITE DATA
Authors: Nababan Bisman , Zulkarnaen Diki , Gaol Jonson Lumban
Published: October 2017

Variability of chlorophyll-a concentrations of the northern Sumbawa waters was investigated based on SeaWiFS satellite data for the period of January 1998-December 2007. Chlorophyll-aconcentration was estimated employing OC4v4 algorithm. Chlorophyll-a concentrations of,SeaWiFS satellite data were obtained from the Goddard Space Flight Center, NASA archieve data. In general, fluctuations of chlorophyll-a concentration of the northern Sumbawa waters had three patterns i.e., the maximum with a range of 0,21-0,74 mg/m3 occurred during the West Season (November-February), the minimum with a range of 0.12-0.15 mg/m3 occurred during Transition Season I (March-April), and relatively high (second peak) with a range of 0.21-0.36 mg/m3 occurred during the mid-East Season until the beginning of Transition Season II (July-September).High chlorophyll-a concentration occurred during the West Season was closely related to the high rainfall, the possibility of vertical water mass mixing,and upwelling process in the northern coastal waters of Sumbawa. Meanwhile, the relatively high (second peak) of chlorophyll-aconcentration occurred in July-September was caused by the movement of water masses from the South of Makassar Strait containing relatively high chlorophyll-a concentrations and relatively low temperatures since upwelling processes occurred at this location in the same period.

Keywords:Chlorophyll-a,northern Sumbawa waters, SeaWiFS, OC4v4, upwelling

 
SUBTROPICAL WATER MASSES IN HALMAHERA WATERS
Authors: Hadikusumah Hadikusumah
Published: October 2017

Research of water masses by using conductivity temperature depth (CTD), are conducted in the eastern path of the Indonesia Throughflow (ITF) in the Halmahera, Seram and Banda seas during March-April 2007 under the Expedition of Widya Nusantara (EWIN). The objective of this research is to see maximum salinity spread of South Pacific Subtropical Water (SPSW) water masses enter the eastern Indonesia Waters. The temperature and salinity profiles show the presence of the presence of SPSW have been very much confined to the Halmahera Sea only. Little of this water masses have been detected in the eastern Seram Sea, but none in Banda Sea. Early data of Arlindo Mixing (ARMIX) experiment in southeast monsoon 1993 indicated that this water masses SPSW may entered the southern most part of the Moluccas Sea. Type of South Pacific Subtropical Water (SPSW) water masses appears in the Halmahera Sea at an average depth of 200m and the dominant flows between Halmahera and Obi Islands (Moluccas Sea continues to the east). Type of South Pacific Intermediate Water (SPIW) water mass appeared on average Halmahera Sea at a depth of 750m and the dominant flows between Halmahera and Obi Islands (Moluccas Sea continues to the east). Type of North Pacific Subtropical Water (NPSW) water masses at an average depth of ~ 150m found in the northern part of Halmahera, the dominant flow to the Celebes Sea, Makassar Strait, Flores Sea and partly flows into Lombok Straits. Type of minimum salinity water mass of North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW) obtained at an average depth of ~ 400m dominant flow towards the Celebes Sea, Makassar Strait and Flores Sea.

Keywords: maximum salinity, SPSW, Halmahera, Seram, and Banda Seas
MARINE SEDIMENT CHARACTERISTICS AT KARIMUN JAVA SEA BASED ON STRATIGRAPHIC PROFILE ANALYSIS, TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLID (TSS) AND GRAIN-SIZE ANALYSIS (GRANULOMETRY)
Authors: Suryantini Suryantini , Ismanto Aris , Aji Indarta Kuncoro , Saputri Dwi Fajar , Helfinalis Helfinalis
Published: October 2017

A sedimentology survey was conducted during “Pelayaran Kebangsaan” research activities with a marine vessel of "Baruna Jaya VIII" in Karimun Java Sea. The objectives of the research were to determine the characteristics of marine water and its sediment, which are important control for coral reef growth in the study area. The survey acquired samples of Total Suspended Sediment (TSS) and gravity coring. Several analyses were then carried out on those samples; TSS analysis to determine the amount of suspended sediments in sea water that reflect the water quality for marine ecology, stratigraphic profile and sediment thickness pattern analyses to determine the sources of sediment, and grain-size analysis based on granulometry to determine deposition energy and grain-size distribution in the area. Those analyses were both conducted on-board Baruna Jaya VIII research vessel and P2O LIPI laboratory in Jakarta. The results showed that in Java Sea nearby Karimun Java Islands, the sediment supply came from the surrounding islands. Two sedimentary units were found in this area. The first units has thickness of tens centimeter from sea bed surface. It is characterized by grayish green color, grain size variation from clay to coarse sand, soft or low density and abundance with shells. The second unit is located beneath the first one, indicated by sharp contact. It is characterized by brownish color, higher density resembling the density of rock, less compacted and can be broken easily by hand, with occasionally thin carbon lenses or remnant of decomposed vegetation, and less shell or fossil At sea surface, TSS distribution shows value between 0.018 and 0.034 gr/l, with average of 0.025 gr/l, whereas at near bottom sea, it ranges between 0.024 and 0.030 gr/l, with average value of 0.027 gr/l. The granulometry shows that more than 50% of sediment is characterized by the abundance of grain size greater than 3 phi. It suggest that sea water around Karimun Java Islands was clear and the current was relatively calm. These conditions were relatively stable for a long time span. Those sea characteristics were important for successful growth of coral reefs and its complementary marine biotas. However, further studies and researches based on chemical and physical characteristics of sea water, and plankton and microbiology variation and abundances are necessary to confirm those presuppositions.

Keywords: total suspended solid, gravity coring, stratigraphic profile, granulometry, Karimun Java Sea
THE STUDY OF FERTILITY MARINE ECOSYSTEM OF SOUTHEAST SULAWESI BASED ON BACTERIOLOGICAL ASPECT
Authors: Kunarso Djoko Hadi
Published: October 2017

The study of waters fertilization in Southeast Sulawesi include Flores Sea, Kabaena Strait, Muna Strait, Buton Strait and Tioro Strait based on bacteriological aspect was conducted on April–May 2006, using the Research Vessel Baruna Jaya VII with total stations 25. The aim of investigation was to find out the total numbers and pattern of distribution heterotrophic bacteria and productivity bacteria in the marine ecosystem of Southeast Sulawesi and related with waters fertilization. The analysis of heterotrophic bacteria was determined based on the Total Plate Count method, whereas bacterial productivity with Acridine Orange Direct Count method. The result indicated that the pattern of distribution and total numbers of heterotrophic bacteria at the surface layers varied between (10–10220)CFU x 10-1/ml with an average 940CFU x 10-1/ml. While at the bottom layer varied between (2–488)CFU x 10-1/ml with an average 91CFU x 10-1/ml. For the bacterial productivity in the form of Carbon biomass at the surface layers varied between (1.30– 5.84) x 10–7grC/m3 with an average 3.56 x 10–7grC/m3, at the bottom layer varied between (0.24–1.33) x 10–7grC/m3 with an average 0.64 x 10–7grC/m3. The result of numbers bacteria that in Southeast Sulawesi waters was lower than the Arafura Sea but still higher than the Aceh Sea. The fluctuation of numbers bacteria perhaps due to the factor of monsoon and environmental was influenced on the marine ecosystem. In general this paper conclude that the condition of marine ecosystem Southeast Sulawesi still relatively fertility.

Keywords: Fertility, heterotrophic bacteria, productivity bacteria, Southeast Sulawesi waters
SCREENING OF INDONESIAN ORIGINAL BACTERIA VIBRIO SP AS A CAUSE OF SHRIMP DISEASES BASED ON 16S RIBOSOMAL DNA-TECHNIQUE
Authors: Felix Feliatra , Nugroho Titania T , Silalahi Sila , Octavia Yuslina
Published: October 2017

Shrimp disease caused by Vibrio sp is one of the main limiting factors in the increasing production in shrimp farming. This disease may kill the shrimp and cause high loss in shrimp culture in South East and East Asia. Samples of 10 individuals of a ten months cultured giant tiger prawn as well as 1 liter pond water and sea waters were collected from shrimp pond in Bengkalis Island, Sumatra. Samples of shrimps were also collected from Jepara shrimp pond in Central Java and they were selected by looking at their behavior and unhealthy physical characteristics. Amplification, rDNA 16s sequencing and bioinformatics analysis to identify Vibrio species were conducted in Biotech Center, BPPT Serpong Banten. The results of DNA sequencing of each bacteria isolate were compared to DNA sequence from international DNA bank database. Tracing were made by BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) system accessed through the internet at http://www./ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast. The result of this study found seven strains of Vibrio sp bacteria where five of which (V. alginolyticus, V. parahaemolyticus, V. harveyi, V. shilonii and V. vulnificus) were already registered in the world gen bank with homolog level above 97%. Meanwhile, another two strain found in this study were not found in the list of world gen bank and therefore are considered as native Vibrio sp bacteria from Indonesia.

Keywords: Vibrio sp, bacteria, shrimp, aquaculture, fish disease
VARIABILITY OF CHLOROPHYLL-A CONCENTRATION AND SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE OF NATUNA WATERS
Authors: Nababan Bisman , Simamora Kristina
Published: October 2017

Variability of chlorophyll-a concentration and sea surface temperature (SST) in Natuna waters were analyzed using satellite data Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration-Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (NOAA-AVHRR). SeaWiFS data with a resolution of 9×9 km2 and AVHRR with a resolution of 4×4 km2 were the monthly average data downloaded from NASA website. Chlorophyll-a concentrations and SST were estimated using OC4v4 and MCSST algorithms. In general, the concentration of chlorophyll-a in Natuna waters ranged between 0.11-4.92 mg/m3 with an average of 0.56 mg/m3 during the west season and 0.09-2.93 mg/m3 with an average of 0.66 mg/m3 during the east season. Chlorophyll-a concentrations were relatively high seen in coastal areas, especially around the mouth of the Kapuas, Musi, and Batang Hari rivers allegedly caused by the high nutrient intake from the mainland. SST variability in Natuna waters ranged from 23.46-30.88 °C during the west season and tended to be lower than that the east season (27.91-31.95 °C). In addition, the SST values tended to be lower in the offshore than that inshore. During the west season (Nov-Feb) and the transitional season (Apr) in the years of Elnino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the concentration of chlorophyll-a and the SST in Natuna waters was generally higher than that in non-ENSO years. The results of wind analyses showed that ENSO caused the change of direction and speed of wind from its normal conditions.

Keywords: Sea surface temperature, chlorophyll-a, Natuna waters, ENSO, SeaWiFS, AVHRR
REPRODUCTION BIOLOGY OF TRUE PERCULA CLOWN FISH Amphiprion percula IN HATCHERY
Authors: Setiawati Ketut Maha , Gunawan Gunawan , Hutapea Jhon Harianto
Published: October 2017

True percula clown fish (Amphiprion percula) is one of marine ornamental fish with high economic value and can spawn throughout the year in an aquarium. The aims of this research were to understand reproduction aspects of true percula clown fish broodstock in an aquarium. A pair of broodstock used in this experiment were 4-9 cm in total length and maintained in an aquarium of 60x40x30 cm3 dimension. Numbers of brrodstock were 18 pairs and each aquarium filled with one pair of broodstock. During the experiment, fish were fed with artificial feed first and one hour later with mysids shrimp and copepod until satiation twice a day. Parameters observed were broodstock size, numbers and hatching rate of eggs. The results showed, the size of spawned female were range from 6.6-9.5 cm and male from 4.6-6.2 cm. Average of eggs produced per spawning was varied 423±255 with the average of spawning frequency was 2.78±0.38 times/month. Broodstock was spawn partially with the maximum spawning frequency of single broodstock was 4 times/month. The biggest female with size of 9.5 cm was still productive and spawn 3 times/month. There was a pair of broodstock which can produce more than 700 eggs/spawning. This results indicated that true percula clown fish can spawn throughout the year in the aquarium with varied of eggs number and spawning frequency for each individual and spawning period. The average of hatching rate during the experiment was 79.72±13.73 % with range between first to the next spawning 0f 7-14 day.

Keywords: reproduction, true percula clown fish, Amphiprion percula, hatching rate
SEA WATER QUALITY OBSERVED FROM NUTRIENT ASPECT, DISSOLVED OXYGEN AND PH IN THE BANGGAI WATERS, CENTRAL SULAWESI
Authors: Simanjuntak Marojahan
Published: October 2017

Banggai Waters, Central Sulawesi is very important because the waters is very rich in marine resources and its oceanographic  conditions are affected by land and Banda Sea. This research was conducted in June-July 2011 using a research vessel Baruna Jaya VIII. The research objective was to determine water quality based on as an indicator of fertility waters and factors influencing the water quality.  The parameters studied were phosphate, nitrate, silicate, dissolved oxygen, and acidity (pH). Water samples were collected using Niskin Bottle attached with CTD form three different depths i.e., surface (0-1 m), middle (20-100 m), and near bottom layer (100-200 m) at 14 stations.  Concentrations of phosphate, nitrate, and silicate were analyzed according to the method of Strickland and Parsons. Dissolved oxygen concentrations were measured by Winkler method. The degree of acidity (pH) was measured with pH meter Cyber ​​Scan 300. The results indicated that nutrient concentrations were generally higher in eastern and southern waters. Phosphate concentrations ranged from 0,04–1.70 µg A/l; nitrate 0.28–27.23 µg A/l, and silicate 1.96–46.56 µg A/l. Dissolved oxygen concentrations ranged from 2.14–4.15 ml/l, and pH values ​​from 7.95–8.26. In reference to the quality standards set by the Ministry of Environment (KMNLH), the Banggai Waters, Central Sulawesi is still in good conditions for the life of various biota..

Keywords: water quality, fertility waters, nutrients, Banggai Waters
PREDICTION OF SEDIMENT TRANSPORT DUE TO IRREGULAR WAVE MOTION
Authors: Rachman Taufiqur , Suntoyo Suntoyo
Published: October 2017

In general, waves in coastal environments are irregular and have a random shape with a height and period that was not constant. The accuracy of sediment transport rate prediction is the most important stages in the study of morphology and coastal marine environments. In addition, the predictive model of coastal morphology is more efficient to use the bottom shear stress calculation approach for practical purposes rather than a more complex approach to the modeling of two phases. In this paper, the calculation of sediment transport was based on the bottom shear stress modelling purposed with data validation from the experimental results in the turbulent bottom boundary layer over rough bed under irregular waves. The new approach to estimate the bottom shear stress was based on combining velocity and acceleration terms. Furthermore, a new approach of the bottom shear stress was applied to formulate the sheet flow sediment transport rate for irregular waves by using the experimental data from Dibadjnia and Watanabe (1998) and the empirical formula was found.

Keywords: sediment transport, bottom shear stress, irregular waves
SETTLEMENT ABILITY OF PEARL OYSTER (Pinctada maxima) LARVAE AT DIFFERENT POSITIONS AND DEPTHS COLLECTORS
Authors: Hamzah Mat Sardi
Published: October 2017

One of the success  factor in the cultivation of pearl oysters (Pinctada maxima) within laboratory scale of  is the  ability of the larvae to settle on  the collector. Stocking collectors which are not on time with an irregular position could cause a decline in seed production. The research was conducted from 25 July to 27August 2011 at Laboratory of Marine Bio-industry Technical Implementatation Unit,  Research Centre for Oceanography, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara (NTB). The aim of the study was to observe the attachment of larvae at different position and depth. Analysis of variance showed that larvae settlement was influenced  by  depth instead of position and the interaction between them. Real Honest Different Test showed that in the 20 cm depth was significantly different from  60 cm and 100 cm in number of larvae attached  on the collector. The highest survival rate was in 20 cm depth with 68,98% (516 larvae) while in 60 cm was 17,11% (128 larvae) and 100 cm (9,22% (69 larvae), and the others were attached on the wall of  the tank 4,68% (35 larvae).

Keywords: settlement ability of pearl oyster’s larvae (Pinctada maxima), collector, depth
ZOOPLANKTON COMMUNITY IN LAMALERA SEA AND SAWU SEA, EAST NUSA TENGGARA
Authors: Fitriya Nurul , Lukman Muhammad
Published: October 2017

Zooplankton community was studied in Lamalera Sea and Sawu Sea during DIKTI-P2O LIPI Expedition from 19 – 30 July 2011. Besides being a potential fishing ground, the Lamalera sea and Sawu Sea have been a migration path for Cetacean (large marine mammals), particularly during the southeast monsoon season. The purposes of this study were to investigate community structure, abundance, and spatial distribution of zooplankton in the Lamalera Sea and the Sawu Sea.  Plankton samples were collected from 23 stations, by NORPAC 300 µm-net that was vertically hauled from maximum 200 meter depth up to the surface water. The result showed that there were 45 taxa of zooplankton, which was dominated by copepods . The abundance of the zooplankton between 491 - 4537 individu/m3. Average diversity index and evenness values were 1.59 ± 0.21 and 0.50 ± 0.04, respectively. In this area, Creel has been found in all research stations but the abundance was small. Species composition was relatively the same between sampling stations suggesting that there was no different in composition between north and south parts, which virtually comprise of different water masses. It showed that spatial distribution of zooplankton was relatively  wide-reaching.

Keywords: zooplankton, copepoda, creel, Lamalera sea, and Sawu Sea.
IMPROVEMENT OF SEED PRODUCTION AND QUALITY GROUPER BY HYBRIDIZATION PROGRAM
Authors: Ismi Suko , Asih Yasmina Nirmala , Kusumawati Daniar
Published: October 2017

Several types of grouper hybrid seeds can now be massively produced in a hatchery. Hybrid seeds can increase diversification of aquaculture species and potential to increase fish production.  Therefore, an  improvement in hybrid seed production both in high quantity and quality is very important. This research was conducted to produce massively cantik grouper hybrid seeds i.e.,a crossbreed between female tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) and male marbled grouper (Epinephelus microdon). This research examined the cantik grouper seed production compared with the production of tiger grouper and marbled grouper fingerlings. The research results showed that cantik hybrid grouper seeds production had higher survival rate (24.59%) than tiger grouper (17.44%) and marbled grouper (4.63%). The total length of the seed at the age of 45 days for cantik grouper  was 3.59 ± 0.21 cm, tiger 3.24 ± 0.55 cm, and batik 2.61 ± 0.42 cm, respectively. Seed abnormality for cantik grouper was 4.13%, tiger grouper 30.21%, and marled tiger 0.57%, respectively. Based on genetic variation analyses, the cantik grouper had a closer genetic relationship with the marbled grouper compared with the tiger grouper.

Keywords: Marbled grouper, hybridization program, seeds production, quality
ECHINODERMATA, Holothuria atra, IN AN INTERTIDAL SEAGRASS BED OFF THE BAMA BEACH, BALURAN NATIONAL PARK, EAST JAVA, INDONESIA
Authors: Setyastuti Ana
Published: October 2017

The occurrence of sea cucumber, Holothuria atra, was assessed in the seagrass area of the Bama beach, Baluran National Park in East Java. The study investigated the frequency and early stages of seagrass association preference of H. atra. Survey was conducted in May 2011 using belt transect (1m x 100m with three replicates). Frequency of H. atra and their association with seagrass were recorded. Furthermore, length and wet weight of each individual of H. atra were measured. The total of 146 individuals of H. atra were observed in which 37.67% associated with Enhalus acoroides (EA), 23.29% associated with Cymodocea rotundata (CR), 23,29% associated with mixed seagrass species of E. acoroides and C. rotundata, and 15.75% associated with no seagrass habitats. The results suggested that small size H. atra might prefer to live under the taller seagrass stands such E. acoroides, which could be morphologically benefits the H. atra by providing better protection and shelter area.

Keywords: Holothuria atra, Enhalus acoroides, Cymodocea rotundata, Baluran National Park