bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The multidimensional implications of entrepreneurial orientation on export performance: empirical evidence from manufacturing SMEs in Tanzania
Authors: Ringo Denis Samwel , Kazungu Isaac , Tegambwage Amani
Published: April 2023

Purpose

This study aims to examine the influence of the entrepreneurial orientation (EO) dimensions (innovativeness, risk-taking, proactiveness, competitive aggressiveness and autonomy) on the export performance (EXP) of small and medium enterprises (SMEs).

Design/methodology/approach

In this study a cross-sectional survey design was used and data were collected from 250 managers of manufacturing-exporting SMEs in Tanzania. The developed conceptual model was empirically tested using confirmatory factor analysis and hierarchical regression.

Findings

The results reveal that innovativeness, risk-taking, competitive aggressiveness and autonomy have a significant positive influence on EXP. However, proactiveness hurts EXP. Additionally, findings indicate that the dimensions of EO do not have an equal impact on SMEs’ EXP.

Research limitations/implications

This study only covered SMEs; future studies would be advised to include large firms because they may behave differently with respect EO due to their resource advantages. Furthermore, this study was conducted in a single country, Tanzania, and thus the findings should be interpreted cautiously, since each country has specific institutional frameworks that foster entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial culture in a different way.

Originality/value

The context of this study contributes significantly to the research’s originality. The study contributes to the body of knowledge on the EO-EXP link in developing countries, where research on EO-export is scant, and it further contributes to the debate on the EO-EXP link by demonstrating that the dimensions of EO do not have an equal impact on SMEs’ EXP, and accordingly a disaggregated approach would be more meaningful. Furthermore, the study contributes with regards the role of competitive aggressiveness and autonomy in improving SMEs’ EXP, which has received little attention in previous studies.
Antecedents of economic empowerment: an empirical study of working women in Delhi-NCR
Authors: Rohatgi Swati , Gera Navneet , Dana Léo-Paul
Published: April 2023

Purpose

Women’s economic empowerment (WEE) has emerged as a key component at national and international policy-making agendas. The purpose of this paper is to examine and validate the antecedents of WEE for urban working women.

Design/methodology/approach

This study used a descriptive and exploratory research design. A total of 286 responses from women working in the formal sector of Delhi-NCR were collected through self-administered questionnaires on a five-point Likert scale using non-probability quota sampling technique. The sample was controlled for the employment sector, that is, healthcare, education and information technology. Exploratory factor analysis has been performed in the first step to test the data’s dimensionality with the goal of producing a set of items that reflect the meaning of the relative construct. Thereafter, confirmatory factor analysis has been used for data analysis.

Findings

Digital banking usage (DBU) has been identified as the most significant contributor to WEE.

Practical implications

Besides digital banking, government support has also emerged as a key indicator of WEE, necessitating a government policy review to improve WEE. Research findings indicate that, if WEE initiatives are to reach their full potential, they must individually address the extracted factors. This study offers a new framework for understanding and enhancing WEE for urban working women in India.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first of its kind to use factor analysis to explore the multi-dimensionality of WEE using the novel dimensions of DBU, women’s agency and government support, in addition to the established variables of financial literacy, social norms and workplace human resource policies.
Real estate investment decisions in COVID-19 crisis: the effect of perception and behavioral biases
Authors: Ali Muhammad , Choi-Meng Leong , Aw Eugene Cheng-Xi , Puah Chin-Hong , Barut Abdulkadir
Published: April 2023

Purpose

This study aims to examine the interconnectedness between investors' perceptions of assets and their behavioral factors with investment decisions during the COVID-19 pandemic in the real estate business in Pakistan. In this regard, this study predicted investment decisions using individuals’ perceptions of the asset (perceived asset quality, perceived asset price and perceived asset value [PAV]),and behavioral biases (overconfidence [OC], herding [HD], disposition effect [DE] and risk aversion [RA]).

Design/methodology/approach

This study used a survey-based instrument to gather a total of 189 usable samples. The sample data were analyzed using partial least square structural equation modeling.

Findings

The findings of this study indicated that PAV, OC and HD significantly predicted the investment decision, whereas DE and RA had an insignificant impact on investment decisions in the real estate business. In addition, this study found that PAV is the most important factor to predict investment decisions in real estate during the COVID-19 crisis.

Originality/value

The authors are certain that the study findings reinforce policy implications for regulators, policymakers and financial institutions. The study findings are also useful and relevant if the real estate sector experiences a crisis in the future.
Exploring the ineffectiveness of gamification health management: a U-shaped relationship between competition and technological exhaustion
Authors: Li Dan , Yang Hualong , Hu Zhibin
Published: April 2023

Purpose

Gamification design is considered an effective way of changing users' health behavior and improving their health management performance. Even though numerous studies have investigated the positive effect of gamification competition on users, little research has considered gamification's ineffectiveness and negative effects. In particular, how gamification competition affects users' technological exhaustion remains unclear.

Design/methodology/approach

According to flow theory and related research on gamification, this study discusses the nonlinear relationship between gamification competition and users' technological exhaustion. Furthermore, the authors analyze the moderating effect of user type (socializers and achievers) and users' health condition on this nonlinear relationship. Based on flow theory, the authors propose a series of research hypotheses. To test all research hypotheses, the authors collected information from 407 users via a questionnaire as the data for this study.

Findings

The empirical results found a U-shaped relationship between gamification competition and technological exhaustion. Technological exhaustion gradually decreases as competition increases until reaching the lowest point; after that, technological exhaustion gradually increases as competition increases. Further, being a socializer and health condition play a moderating role in the U-shaped relationship between competition and technological exhaustion.

Originality/value

This study's findings not only enrich the related research in flow theory and gamification, but also contribute to the effective design of gamification in health management platforms.
The effect of exposure to armed conflict on depression as mediated by physical punishment: a study among Nigerian adolescents
Authors: Anih Anthony Sopuruchi , Söderberg Patrik Alexander , Björkqvist Kaj
Published: April 2023

Purpose

This study aims to examine the relationship between exposure to the Fulani herdsmen attacks among Igbo adolescents in Southeastern Nigeria and depression. Although previous research suggests a direct relationship between armed conflict and depression to exist, it is not known from the literature whether there are indirect paths involved. In a conditional process analysis, it was examined whether physical punishment mediated and gender moderated this relationship.

Design/methodology/approach

A sample of 385 secondary school students (227 girls, 157 boys; Mage = 16.3; SD = 1.35) completed a questionnaire during class. Variables in the analysis were measured with reliable scales. The conditional process analysis was conducted with PROCESS.

Findings

Exposure to the Fulani herdsmen attacks predicted depressive symptoms among the adolescents, and the effect was partially mediated by the experiences of physical punishment at home. The indirect effect on depression via physical punishment at home was stronger for girls than boys, whereas the direct effect of exposure to the Fulani herdsmen attacks on depression was stronger for boys than girls.

Research limitations/implications

Because the research design was cross-sectional and not longitudinal, interpretations about causal relationships should be made with caution.

Originality/value

The novel findings suggest that living in an environment of armed conflict may exacerbate parents’ use of physical punishment, which in turn may lead to increased levels of depressive symptoms in adolescents.
The penetration effect of digital leadership on digital transformation: the role of digital strategy consensus and diversity types
Authors: Yao Qi , Tang Hongjuan , Liu Yunqing , Boadu Francis
Published: April 2023

Purpose

Successful digital transformation involves all areas which bring new impacts and challenges to the leadership of the enterprise. From the perspective of organizational identification, the authors construct a theoretical model of digital leadership–digital strategic consensus–digital transformation and explore the different moderated mediation effects of diversity types.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper obtains data from 351 Chinese science and technology enterprises and uses regression analysis and bootstrap analysis to test the research hypotheses.

Findings

The results demonstrate that digital leadership has a positive impact on digital transformation. Digital strategic consensus partially mediates the linkage between digital leadership and digital transformation. Disparity diversity and variety diversity positively moderate the mediating role of digital strategic consensus between digital leadership and digital transformation, respectively; and separation diversity negatively moderates the mediating role of digital strategic consensus between digital leadership and digital transformation.

Originality/value

The research innovatively measures digital leadership and digital transformation. It expands the application of leadership, strategic consensus, diversity and other related theories in a digital context and provides a decision-making basis for enterprises' digital transformation.
Exploration of risks with halal logistics: a case of emerging economy
Authors: Khan Shahbaz , Haleem Abid , Ngah Abdul Hafaz , Khan Mohd Imran
Published: April 2023

Purpose

Halal logistics play a crucial role in maintaining a product’s “halal integrity” from farm to fork. These logistics operations are exposed to risks during transportation, storage and handling, that negatively affect the halal supply chain’s operational efficiency and integrity. Therefore, the main purpose of this research is to propose a risk assessment framework for halal logistics.

Design/methodology/approach

Initially, the risks associated with halal logistics are identified through an extensive literature review, and then the significant ones are validated with the expert’s input. After that, an appropriate multicriteria decision-making method named best worst method (BWM) is used to prioritise the identified risks. Finally, the robustness of the obtained ranking is assessed with sensitivity analysis.

Findings

This research identifies 26 halal logistics risks and then categorises these risks into 6 significant dimensions and proposes a framework. The result obtained from the BWM analysis shows that organisational, transportation and design risks are the primary risks present in halal logistics. Among the halal logistics risks, partnership risk, risk of contamination during transportation and risks of unskilled workers are the top three halal logistics risks that need to be addressed on a priority basis for maintaining halal integrity. Furthermore, this study also suggests some valuable suggestions for mitigating these risks that the logistics providers could use.

Research limitations/implications

The proposed framework is helpful for the assessment of risks associated with halal logistics. The prioritisation of the identified risks supports the managers in formulating mitigation strategies that might reduce the effect of these associated risks in logistics operations.

Originality/value

This study focusses on halal logistics, and to the best of authors’ knowledge, this may be the first attempt to systematically examine the risks related to halal logistics.
Corporate social responsibility reporting in China: the case of 106 central enterprises
Authors: Guo Ying , Yeh Ting-Tsen , Yang David C. , Li Xiao-Yan
Published: April 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to understand the current trends and development of corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting in emerging and developing economies and analyze 106 Chinese central enterprises (CEs) that disclose CSR reports from 2004 to 2015.

Design/methodology/approach

This study analyzes all the CSR reports available to the public from CEs between 2004 and 2015 in China. This paper carefully examines the reporting patterns and standards in those CSR reports. CEs in China are focused on because state-owned companies account for a large proportion of the Chinese stock market because of their social and economic institutional characteristics.

Findings

The results in this paper confirm a growth trend in the numbers of CSR reports, as predicted. The results also suggest that the number of CSR reports from the CEs containing some assurance has dramatically increased. However, the findings indicate that the current content of the CSR reports may not fully meet the needs of users of information from different industries, regions and interests, as more than 20 CEs have formulated their own CSR framework. The lack of unified, sustainable reporting and assurance may reduce the comparability and effectiveness of CSR reporting.

Social implications

This study provides evidence of the trends and development of CSR reporting in China.

Originality/value

The findings extend the understanding of CSR reporting by analyzing Chinese CE data. The results also provide decision-useful information for the government and other policymakers when considering CSR reporting and assurance standards.
Social Democracy's Muted Revival
Authors: Byrne Liam
Published: April 2023

After a long malaise, social democracy is making a muted revival. What is the place of social democracy in the political and economic order that is emerging from the Covid‐19 pandemic, and the economic crisis that has followed in its wake? Patterns have begun to emerge across the party family that are indicative of how social democracy is defining itself for the period to come. This article briefly surveys the revival of social democracy in three countries that have been historic bastions of the creed: Germany, Britain and Australia. It considers three particularly potent trends in this social democratic moment that reveal the movement's current character and the challenges it faces: building an ongoing coalition amid changing electorates; seeking transformation in an era of constraint; and a lack of ideological coherence. It considers what this muted resurgence suggests about the prospects for the centre‐left.
Direct current cardioversion in pregnancy: a multicentre study
Authors: Cauldwell Matthew , Adamson Dawn , Bhatia Kaliash , Bhagra Catriona , Bolger Aidan , Everett Thomas , Fox Caroline , Girling Joanna , Head Catherine , English Kate , Hudsmith Lucy , James Rachael , Johnson Mark , MacKiliop Lucy , McAuliffe Fionnuala M. , Mariappa Gayathri , Orchard Elizabeth , O’Brien Maggy , Siddiqui Farah , Simpson Lydia , Simpson Maggie , Timmons Paul , Vause Sarah , Wander Gurleen , Walker Niki , Steer Philip J.
Published: April 2023

Objective

Direct current cardioversion (DCCV) in pregnancy is rarely required and typically only documented in single case reports or case series. A recent UK confidential enquiry reported on several maternal deaths where appropriate DCCV appeared to have been withheld.

Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

Seventeen UK and Ireland specialist maternity centres.

Sample

Twenty‐seven pregnant women requiring DCCV in pregnancy.

Main outcome measures

Maternal and fetal outcomes following DCCV.

Results

Twenty‐seven women had a total of 29 DCCVs in pregnancy. Of these, 19 (70%) initial presentations were to Emergency Departments and eight (30%) to maternity settings. There were no maternal deaths. Seventeen of the women (63%) had a prior history of heart disease. Median gestation at DCCV was 28 weeks, median gestation at delivery was 35 weeks, with a live birth in all cases. The abnormal heart rhythms documented at the first cardioversion were atrial fibrillation in 12/27 (44%) cases, atrial flutter in 8/27 (30%), supraventricular tachycardia in 5/27 (19%) and atrial tachycardia in 2/27 (7%). Fetal monitoring was undertaken following DCCV on 14/29 (48%) occasions (10 of 19 (53%) at ≥26 weeks) and on 2/29 (7%) occasions, urgent delivery was required post DCCV.

Conclusions

Direct current cardioversion in pregnancy is rarely required but should be undertaken when clinically indicated according to standard algorithms to optimise maternal wellbeing. Once the woman is stable post DCCV, gestation‐relevant fetal monitoring should be undertaken. Maternity units should develop multidisciplinary processes to ensure pregnant women receive the same standard of care as their non‐pregnant counterparts.
Birth outcomes following pelvic ring injury: A retrospective study
Authors: Hsu Chin‐Chieh , Lai Chih‐Yang , Chueh Ho‐Yen , Cheng Po‐Jen , Chang Yao‐Lung , Chao An‐Shine , Chang Shuenn‐Dyh , Lai Chyong‐Huey , Lo Liang‐Ming , Pan Yu‐Bin , Yang Lan‐Yan , Yu Yi‐Hsun
Published: April 2023

Objective

To report obstetric outcomes in pregnant women with previous pelvic ring injury (PRI) and investigate the correlation between residual pelvic deformity and the mode of delivery.

Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

Single medical centre in Taiwan.

Population

Forty‐one women with PRI histories from 2000 to 2021 who subsequently underwent pregnancy and delivery.

Methods

All patients had complete PRI treatment and radiological follow up for at least 1 year. The demographic data, radiological outcomes after PRI and obstetric outcomes were collected to investigate the potential factors of delivery modes using non‐parametric approaches and logistic regression. Caesarean section (CS) rates among different subgroups were reported.

Main outcome measures

Comparisons of demographic data and radiological outcomes (Matta/Tornetta criteria and Lefaivre criteria) after PRI among patients who had subsequent pregnancy and underwent vaginal deliveries (VD) or CS.

Results

There were 14 VD and 27 CS in 41 patients. Nine patients underwent CS because of their PRI history, 12 patients underwent CS for other obstetric indications and 20 underwent trial of labour. Based on the logistic regression model, retained trans‐iliosacral implants did not significantly increase the risk of CS (odds ratio [OR] 1.20; 95% CI 0.17–8.38). Higher pelvic asymmetry value by Lefaivre criteria was a potential risk factor for CS after previous PRI (OR 1.52; 95% CI 1.043–2.213).

Conclusions

VD is possible after PRI. Retained trans‐iliosacral implants do not affect the delivery outcome. Residual pelvic asymmetry after PRI by Lefaivre criteria is a potential risk factor for CS.
Transformation of the political space: A citizens’ perspective
Authors: DASSONNEVILLE RUTH , HOOGHE LIESBET , MARKS GARY
Published: April 2023

A large and growing body of research draws attention to the rising salience of socio‐cultural and identitarian issues and, potentially, the emergence of a new political cleavage that divides voters on those issues. However, the micro‐foundations of this transformation are less well understood. Here we take a voter‐perspective to evaluate how party competition has been restructured in the eyes of the voter. We leverage measures of citizens’ self‐reported probabilities to vote for alternative political parties in the European Election Study voter surveys between 1999 and 2019 in order to map electoral affinity and opposition among party families. We estimate to what extent spatial location on the economic left–right dimension and the GAL‐TAN dimension explain the patterns that emerge, and how this has changed over time. Our results provide evidence of a substantial shift in voter assessment from party competition structured along the economic left–right dimension to competition structured along the GAL‐TAN dimension. We also find great separation of TAN parties from other parties, with the deepest antipathy between the TAN parties and greens.
Advances in enteropathogen control throughout the meat chicken production chain
Authors: Stewart Jack , Pavic Anthony
Published: April 2023

Enteropathogens, namelySalmonellaandCampylobacter, are a concern in global public health and have been attributed in numerous risk assessments to a poultry source. During the last decade, a large body of research addressing this problem has been published. The literature reviewed contains review articles on certain aspects of poultry production chain; however, in the past decade there has not been a review on the entire chain—farm to fork—of poultry production. For this review, a pool of 514 articles were selected for relevance via a systematic screening process (from >7500 original search articles). These studies identified a diversity of management and intervention strategies for the elimination or reduction of enteropathogens in poultry production. Many studies were laboratory or limited field trials with implementation in true commercial operations being problematic. Entities considering using commercial antienteropathogen products and interventions are advised to perform an internal validation and fit‐for‐purpose trial asSalmonellaandCampylobacterserovars and biovars may have regional diversity. Future research should focus on nonchemical application within the processing plant and how a combination of synergisticinterventions through the production chain may contribute to reducing the overall carcass burden of enteropathogens, coupled with increased consumer education on safe handling and cooking of poultry.
Who benefits from (Human Resource Management) professionalization? The moderating role of gender on professionalization effects in organisations
Authors: Scheibmayr Isabella , Reichel Astrid
Published: April 2023

Professionalization aims at closure, that is, having the monopoly protection of expertise for an occupation on the labour market and in organizations. Role congruity theory suggests that the translation of professionalization into organizational closure and reaching board membership is likely to be moderated by gender at the individual and the occupational level. We test this proposition focusing on Human Resource Management (HRM), an occupation with a long history of professionalization attempts. Using a sample of 3276 organizations embedded in 34 countries with varying professionalization levels between countries, results show that professionalization of HRM at the country level is positively related to closure in organizations. The positive relationship is weaker for female HR directors and high proportions of women in the HRM occupation in a country. Organizational closure, in contrast, is negatively related to board representation but increases the likelihood of board membership in countries with high proportions of women in the HRM occupation.
A qualitative look at perception and experience of sodium reduction strategies in the food industry through focus groups and individual interviews
Authors: Dunteman Aubrey N. , Lee Youngsoo , Lee Soo‐Yeun
Published: April 2023

The high incidence of sodium overconsumption in the general population has led sodium reduction in commercial food products to become a topic of importance in the food industry. In order to bridge the gap between sodium reduction understanding in the food industry and academia, focus groups and individual interviews of food industry professionals were conducted. Sodium reduction and influence from external entities such as federal regulations and consumer insight were prominent in the nutritional concerns of food industry professionals. A large variety of sodium reduction strategies were introduced with discussion on the many factors that contribute to their potential for success. Flavor modification methods were most prevalent in the discussion, with particular focus on potassium chloride and incorporating umami taste. Factors that frequently positively contributed to a strategy's success include maintaining functionality and/or important sensory attributes, inexpensive to implement, and being perceived as clean label. Conversely, factors that negatively affect success include adversely impacting flavor, being considered not clean label, and high costs of implementation. Foods important for future sodium reduction varied widely, although those were largely products with high sodium density. Future efforts toward reducing sodium overconsumption and sodium content in the food supply fell into three categories: consumer‐focused, industry‐focused, and research‐focused. Of particular importance for future efforts included greater regulatory pressure and more consumer nutritional education. Findings suggest that future efforts to reduce the incidence of sodium overconsumption should be carried out through multiple avenues rather than focusing on the agency of consumers, the food industry, or research alone.
Comparative analysis of the efficacy and safety of electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy combined with x‐ray or radial endobronchial ultrasound biopsy in the diagnosis of small peripheral pulmonary nodules
Authors: Fu Yifan , Yuan Xinyu , Pan Wenyin , Lu Yijie , Zeng Daxiong , Jiang Junhong
Published: April 2023

Objective

To compare the clinical value and safety of electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB) combined with radial endobronchial ultrasound (R‐EBUS) or x‐ray in the diagnosis of small peripheral pulmonary nodules that cannot be diagnosed by conventional bronchoscopy.

Methods

Fifty‐six patients with peripheral pulmonary nodules of <3 cm in diameter who underwent bronchoscopy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University and Dushu Lake Hospital of Soochow University from February 2019 to January 2022 were selected as the study subjects, including 24 patients who underwent ENB combined with x‐ray and 32 patients who underwent ENB combined with R‐EBUS. ENB was used as the guiding method in both groups, and x‐ray group and R‐EBUS group were combined with x‐ray and R‐EBUS, respectively, to determine whether the lesion was reached. In x‐ray group, biopsy and brushing were performed under fluoroscopic guidance. Using the results of surgery, puncture pathology, or clinical follow‐up 1 year as the gold standard, the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), diagnostic yield, negative likelihood ratio (LR‐), Youden index, missed diagnosis rate, success rate, and κ value were compared between the two groups, and the occurrence of postoperative complications was also compared between the two groups.

Results

The negative predictive value of the R‐EBUS group was significantly better than that of the x‐ray group (p = 0.006).

Conclusion

Even with smaller nodule diameters, the negative predictive value of ENB combined with R‐EBUS were still higher than that of the x‐ray group.
Prognostic effect of cachexia in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors
Authors: Matsuo Norikazu , Azuma Koichi , Murotani Kenta , Murata Daiki , Matama Goushi , Kawahara Akihiko , Kojima Takashi , Tokito Takaaki , Hoshino Tomoaki
Published: April 2023

Background

The presence of cachexia in cancer patients negatively affects the quality of life and survival. However, the impact of cachexia on immunotherapy, such as PD‐1/L1 inhibitors, is not fully understood. Therefore, we examined whether cancer cachexia affects the prognosis of patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors.

Methods

We retrospectively screened patients with pathologically confirmed advanced or recurrent NSCLC who were treated with PD‐1/PD‐L1 monotherapy at Kurume University Hospital. We defined cancer cachexia as weight loss of at least 5% during the past 6 months or any degree of weight loss more than 2% and BMI <20.

Results

Among 182 patients, 74 had cancer cachexia. The presence of cachexia was significantly associated with females, poor performance status (PS), never‐smokers, and driver mutations. Multivariate analysis revealed that poor PS and being a smoker were associated with the presence of cachexia. Patients with cancer cachexia had significantly shorter progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). In the multivariate analysis, PS and sex were significantly correlated with PFS, whereas PS and cachexia were significantly correlated with OS. Subanalysis revealed that patients in the PS0/without cachexia group had longer PFS and OS than those in the cachexia or PS1‐3 group.

Conclusions

In NSCLC patients, cachexia was associated with a worse prognosis, irrespective of tumor PD‐L1 expression, indicating that cachexia is a predictive factor for NSCLC patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Prognostic analysis of the plasma fibrinogen combined with neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio in patients with non–small cell lung cancer after radical resection
Authors: Wang Gao‐Xiang , Huang Zhi‐Ning , Ye Ying‐Quan , Tao Shan‐Ming , Xu Mei‐Qing , Zhang Mei , Xie Ming‐Ran
Published: April 2023

Background

To investigate the correlation between the fibrinogen combined with neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (F‐NLR) and the clinicopathologic features of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who underwent radical resection.

Methods

This study reviewed the medical records of 289 patients with NSCLC who underwent radical resection. The patients were stratified into three groups based on F‐NLR as follows: patients with low NLR and fibrinogen were group A, patients with high NLR or fibrinogen were group B, and patients with high NLR and fibrinogen were group C. Receiver operating characteristic curve and Youden index were used to determine the cutoff value of the NLR and fibrinogen. Survival curves were described by Kaplan–Meier method and compared by log‐rank test. The univariate and multivariate analyses were performed with the Cox proportional hazard model to identify the prognostic factors.

Results

A value of 3.19 was taken as the optimal cutoff value of NLR in this study. A value of 309 was used as the optimal cutoff value of fibrinogen. Cox multivariate analysis showed that tumor, nodes, metastasis (TNM) stage and F‐NLR were independent prognostic factors affecting the survival rate of patients. The first‐, third‐, and fifth‐year survival rates in group A were 99.2%, 96.6%, and 95.0%, respectively. The first‐, third‐, and fifth‐year survival rates in group B were 98.4%, 76.6%, and 63.2%, respectively. The first‐, third‐, and fifth‐year survival rates in group C were 91.3%, 41.1%, and 22.8%, respectively. F‐NLR was significantly correlated with overall survival in patients with NSCLC (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

The F‐NLR level is markedly related to the prognosis of patients with NSCLC undergoing radical surgery. Therefore, closer attention should be given to patients with NSCLC with a high F‐NLR before surgery to provide postoperative adjuvant therapy.
In vivo reflectance confocal microscopy findings in a case of atypical fibroxanthoma
Authors: Duman Nilay , Yaman Banu , Oraloğlu Göktürk , Karaarslan Işıl
Published: April 2023

Clinical and dermoscopic features of atypical fibroxanthoma (AFX) are mostly non‐diagnostic, so other in vivo diagnostic tools may give additional clues for accurate clinical diagnosis, such as in vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM). However, there has been scarce data on RCM features of AFX in the literature, in only clear cell type. Herein we present a case of epithelioid cell predominant type AFX with RCM findings.
Review article: Risk of cardiovascular events in patients with inflammatory bowel disease receiving small molecule drugs
Authors: Olivera Pablo A. , Lasa Juan S. , Peretto Giovanni , Zuily Stephane , Danese Silvio , Peyrin‐Biroulet Laurent
Published: April 2023

Background

In the context of an ageing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) population, cardiovascular comorbidities become particularly relevant. Novel small molecule drugs (SMDs) for the treatment of moderate‐to‐severe IBD have been recently approved, including Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors and sphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptor (S1P) modulators. Data from rheumatoid arthritis population have raised concerns about the risk of cardiovascular events with the use of tofacitinib, which was extrapolated to other immune‐mediated diseases and other JAK inhibitors. S1P receptor modulation has been associated with potential cardiovascular events, especially bradycardia and cardiac conduction abnormalities.

Aim

To review the incidence of cardiovascular events with the use of SMDs in patients with IBD and to provide practical recommendations on mitigation strategies.

Methods

Published literature was reviewed; recommendations were synthesised by experts in both cardiovascular diseases and IBD.

Results

Evidence from the IBD population does not indicate a higher risk of cardiovascular events with tofacitinib and other JAK inhibitors. The risk is higher in patients with intermediate to high cardiovascular risk. S1P modulators may be associated with a dose‐dependent, first‐dose effect, transient risk of conduction abnormalities (bradycardia and AV block). Screening and monitoring of cardiovascular risk factors should be done in all patients with IBD. Risk stratification for cardiovascular disease should be performed before starting treatment with SMDs.

Conclusions

Available evidence of both JAK inhibitors and S1P modulators indicates a reassuring safety profile of SMDs from the cardiovascular perspective in the overall IBD population. Efforts should be made to identify patients with IBD at a higher risk of cardiovascular events.
Meta‐analysis: Post‐COVID‐19 functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Marasco Giovanni , Maida Marcello , Cremon Cesare , Barbaro Maria Raffaella , Stanghellini Vincenzo , Barbara Giovanni
Published: April 2023

Introduction

The burden of post‐COVID‐19 functional dyspepsia (FD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) remains unclear. The aim of this meta‐analysis was to estimate the rate of post‐COVID‐19 FD and IBS.

Methods

MEDLINE, Scopus and Embase were searched through 17 December 2022. Studies reporting the incidence of FD and/or IBS in COVID‐19 survivors and controls (without COVID‐19), when available, according to the Rome criteria, were included. Estimated incidence with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was pooled. The odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was pooled; heterogeneity was expressed as I2.

Results

Ten studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Overall, four studies including 1199 COVID‐19 patients were considered for FD. Post‐COVID‐19 FD was reported by 72 patients (4%, 95% CI: 3%–5% and I2 0%). The pooled OR for FD development (three studies) in post‐COVID‐19 patients compared to controls was 8.07 (95% CI: 0.84–77.87, p = 0.071 and I2 = 67.9%). Overall, 10 studies including 2763 COVID‐19 patients were considered for IBS. Post‐COVID‐19 IBS was reported by 195 patients (12%, 95% CI: 8%–16%, I2 95.6% and Egger's p = 0.002 test). The pooled OR for IBS development (four studies) in COVID‐19 patients compared to controls was 6.27 (95% CI: 0.88–44.76, p = 0.067 and I2 = 81.4%); considering only studies with a prospective COVID‐19 cohort (three studies), the pooled OR was 12.92 (95% CI: 3.58–46.60, p < 0.001 and I2 = 0%).

Conclusions

COVID‐19 survivors were found to be at risk for IBS development compared to controls. No definitive data are available for FD.
New insights into the clinical characteristics of SETD2‐mutated acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Zhang Xiang , Wang Ziwei , Sun Jiewen , Liu Lixia , Qin Jiayue , Huang Aijie , Yang Min , Lou Yinjun , Tang Gusheng , Mao Liping , Qian Jiejin , Wei Juying , Mai Wenyuan , Meng Haitao , Yang Jianmin , Tong Hongyan , Wang Jianmin , Yu Wenjuan , Ni Xiong , Jin Jie
Published: April 2023

As reported, SETD2 is recurrently mutated in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), but knowledge about the specifics is limited. We enrolled 530 consecutive newly diagnosed AML patients in our study, and we analysed the distribution pattern and prognostic role of SETD2 mutation in AML. SETD2 mutation was found to affect 6.3% of AML patients, and it frequently co‐occurred with IDH2, NRAS and CEBPA mutations. SETD2‐mutated patients saw excellent therapeutic responses but failed to gain better survival time than other patients. This could be because of the high recurrence and mortality in SETD2‐mutated patients who have additional mutations, such as NRAS mutation.
Stress buffering after physical activity engagement: An experience sampling study
Authors: Gerstberger Leo , Blanke Elisabeth S. , Keller Jan , Brose Annette
Published: April 2023

Objectives

While encountering daily hassles is a normative experience, it poses a threat to individuals' daily affective well‐being. However, physical activity engagement may help to reduce the current stress‐related impact on affective well‐being (i.e. stress buffering), which we investigate in this study. Furthermore, we examined the possible moderating role of people's global stress context (i.e. exposure to major life events and chronic stress) on this within‐person stress‐buffering effect.

Design

We approached these ideas using six‐times‐a‐day experience sampling assessments over a period of 22 days.

Methods

Drawing on a broad national sample of 156 middle‐aged adults from the EE‐SOEP‐IS study, we aimed to elucidate the naturally occurring within‐person dynamics of current stress, physical activity engagement, and momentary affect within individuals' everyday lives. Major life events and chronic stress were measured as between‐person variables.

Results

Multilevel analyses revealed significant within‐person associations of current stress and physical activity engagement with momentary affect. Stress‐related negative affect was lower when individuals engaged in physical activity, in accordance with the idea of a within‐person stress‐buffering effect of physical activity engagement. For individuals exposed to more severe major life events, the stress‐buffering effect of physical activity engagement for negative affect was lower. Chronic stress did not moderate the within‐person stress‐buffering effect.

Conclusions

Overall, results add to the existing literature that links physical activity to increased stress resilience and emphasizes the need for taking the global between‐person stress context into account.
Who captures value from hackathons? Innovation contests with collective intelligence tools bridging creativity and coupled open innovation
Authors: Attalah Issam , Nylund Petra A. , Brem Alexander
Published: April 2023

Balancing value creation and value capture is a fundamental strategic issue for the management of open innovation. Insufficient compensation for created value may hinder the participation of a firm or individual in open innovation. It can thus provide an obstacle to the open innovation process as a whole. Hackathons provide an attractive setting for studying value appropriation in open innovation by actors of different types and with varying bargaining power. We define hackathons as idea competitions on specific topics in the form of a time‐limited event. These competitions have gained more popularity throughout the years and have recently become more prominent. Therefore, an abductive empirical study was carried out in an international set‐up with multiple embedded cases of hackathons. Results indicate that hackathons offer coupled open innovation processes. The value captured by the initiator of a hackathon in the form of inbound open innovation is balanced by outbound knowledge flows towards participants as well as with sideways knowledge flows between participants, which are a result of the generation of collective intelligence. Collective intelligence is thus identified as an alternative mechanism for value capture from open innovation.
Innovation in the creative industries: Linking the founder's creative and business orientation to innovation outcomes
Authors: Koch Florian , Hoellen Max , Konrad Elmar D. , Kock Alexander
Published: April 2023

Creative industries contain paradoxes because conflicting tensions arise between the market and the arts. Entrepreneurs need to find and maintain a balance between those two sides to create innovation. This study tests the interaction between business and creative orientations of a founder in their influence on innovation in the context of creative entrepreneurial firms and provides recommendations for how creative agents can leverage and manage their innovations based on their creative visions. Determinants on the individual level, such as the founder's creative or business orientations, have a lasting impact on the practices and process of their venture. To trace the imprinting influence of the founder's orientation on innovation, the empirical setting is a time‐lagged study of German firm owners in the cultural and creative industries surveyed 5 years apart. The results show a significant relationship between creative orientation and innovation, whereas business orientation does not significantly relate to innovation. However, creative and business orientations reveal a negative interaction effect. This study contributes empirical evidence to the paradox theory and the interaction between the opposite poles. Our findings provide valuable insights about the relevance of creative orientation and its visionary impact on the firms' innovation process. Furthermore, the results shed new light on the tension between art and the market, as different compositions of the two orientation poles seem to have a varying impact on the degree of innovation. Thus, the study reveals the complexity of creative entrepreneurship and provides managerial guidance for other knowledge‐based industries.
Access to credit and heterogeneous effects on agricultural technology adoption: Evidence from large rural surveys in Ethiopia
Authors: Regassa Mekdim D. , Degnet Mohammed B. , Melesse Mequanint B.
Published: April 2023

Modern agricultural technologies hold huge potential for increasing productivity and reducing poverty in developing countries. However, adoption levels of these technologies have remained disappointingly low in Africa. This paper analyzes the effect of access to credit on the likelihood of adoption and use intensity of chemical fertilizers using data from large rural surveys in Ethiopia. Using a heteroscedasticity‐based identification strategy to address the endogenous nature of access to credit, we find that access to credit has significant positive effects on adoption and intensity of use of chemical fertilizers. However, important heterogeneities are observed. Credit obtained from formal sources is more important for the intensity of use than for the decision to adopt chemical fertilizers. Credit taken with the primary purpose of financing agricultural inputs is more likely to promote adoption of chemical fertilizers than credit taken per se. Furthermore, reported credit effects are larger when estimated against the sample of credit‐constrained non‐users as compared with the pool of the whole sample of credit non‐users. The results remain robust to several sensitivity analyses. Our results yield useful implications for the design, promotion, and targeting of credit services to leverage their effect on adoption of agricultural technologies.
Treatment with delgocitinib cream improves itch, pain and other signs and symptoms of chronic hand eczema: Results from the Hand Eczema Symptom Diary in a phase IIb randomized clinical trial
Authors: Bauer Andrea , Thyssen Jacob P. , Buhl Timo , Nielsen Thor Schütt Svane , Larsen Lotte Seiding , Østerskov Anne Birk , Agner Tove
Published: April 2023

Background

Measuring patient‐reported outcomes is crucial to fully capture the burden of chronic hand eczema (CHE).

Objectives

To assess the effect of delgocitinib cream on itch, pain and nine additional key signs and symptoms reported by patients with CHE using the Hand Eczema Symptom Diary (HESD).

Methods

In a double‐blind, phase IIb dose‐ranging trial (NCT03683719), 258 adults with mild to severe CHE were randomized to delgocitinib cream 1, 3, 8 or 20 mg/g or cream vehicle twice daily for 16 weeks. Patients assessed 11 signs and symptoms of CHE daily through the HESD using an 11‐point numeric rating scale; this was an exploratory endpoint.

Results

Delgocitinib cream 20 mg/g was associated with an early and sustained reduction in itch and pain, along with clinically relevant reductions of ≥4 points from baseline to Week 16 in 48.4% and 63.6% of patients, respectively (17.9% and 5.9% with cream vehicle). There were improvements versus cream vehicle in all assessed CHE signs and symptoms (20 mg/g, p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Delgocitinib cream reduced itch, pain and other signs and symptoms in patients with CHE. This data correlated with clinician‐reported outcomes, indicating that the HESD may be a useful assessment tool for CHE management.
In vivo tissue pharmacokinetics of ERBB2‐specific binding oligonucleotide‐based drugs by PET imaging
Authors: Park Sun Mi , Baek Suji , Lee Jung Hwan , Woo Sang‐Keun , Lee Tae Sup , Park Hyun Soo , Lee Jongook , Kang Yeon‐Koo , Kang Seo Young , Yoo Min Young , Yoon Hai‐Jeon , Kim Bom Sahn , Lee Kang Pa , Moon Byung Seok
Published: April 2023

Although aptamers have shown excellent target specificity in preclinical and clinical studies either by themselves or as aptamer‐drug conjugates, their in vivo tissue pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis is still problematic. We aimed to examine the utility of image‐based positron emission tomography (PET) to evaluate in vivo tissue PK, target specificity, and applicability of oligonucleotides. For this, fluorine‐18‐labeled aptamers with erb‐b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (ERBB2)‐specific binding were synthesized by base‐pair hybridization using a complementary oligonucleotide platform. To investigate the PKs and properties of in vivo tissue, usefulness of in vivo PET imaging in the development of an oligonucleotide‐based drug as an assessment tool was evaluated in normal and tumor xenografted mice. ERBB2‐cODN‐idT‐APs‐[18F]F ([18F]1), injected intravenously showed significant and rapid uptake in most tissues except for the initial brain and muscle; the uptake was highest in the heart, followed by kidneys, liver, lungs, gall bladder, spleen, and stomach. The main route of excretion was through the renal tract ~77.8%, whereas about 8.3% was through the biliary tract of the total dose. The estimated effective dose for an adult woman was 0.00189 mGy/MBq, which might be safe. ERBB2‐positive tumor could be well visualized in the KPL4 xenograft animal model by in vivo PET imaging. Consequently, the distribution in each organ including ERBB2 expression could be well determined and quantified by PET with fluorine‐18‐labeled aptamers. In vivo PK parameters such as terminal half‐life, time to maximum concentration, area under the curve, and maximum concentration, were also successfully estimated. These results suggest that image‐based PET with radioisotope‐labeled aptamers could be provide valuable information on properties of oligonucleotide‐based drugs in drug discovery of targeted therapeutics against various diseases.