bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A STUDY OF PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES IN BLOOD PRESSURE DURING VAMAN KARMA
Authors: Choudhary S.
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the physiological changes in blood pressure during Vaman Karma, a key procedure in Panchakarma therapy aimed at expelling vitiated Kapha dosha. Conducted as a clinical observational study with 30 healthy individuals (ages 20-40), the research monitored blood pressure at various stages of the Vamana process, including before and after Vaman Dravya Pana, after Hrullasa, during Vaman Vega, during Vegantaravastha, after Samyak Vaman, and after Dhoomapana. Findings revealed no significant changes in blood pressure before and after Vaman Dravya Pana, but significant variations were noted during Vaman Vega and Vegantaravastha. After Samyak Vaman and Dhoomapana, significant changes in systolic blood pressure were observed, while diastolic pressure remained stable. These results highlight the need for careful monitoring of blood pressure during Vamana to ensure patient safety and optimize therapeutic outcomes. Further research is recommended to explore the long-term effects of these physiological changes.
YAM-NIYAM ON PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH
Authors: Shah M.
Published: October 2024

The ethical principles of Yam and Niyam, as outlined in the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali, serve as foundational guidelines for personal and societal conduct in the practice of yoga. This article explores the significance of these principles within the broader context of yoga and their relevance to contemporary life. The five Yamas—Ahimsa (non-violence), Satya (truthfulness), Asteya (honesty), Brahmacharya (sexual continence), and Aparigraha (non-possessiveness)— emphasize moral and ethical behaviors that foster a harmonious existence. In parallel, the five Niyamas—Shauch (hygiene), Santosh (contentment), Tapa (austerity), Swadhyaya (self-study), and Ishwar Pranidhan (devotion to God)—encourage personal discipline and inner growth. Through an analysis of scriptural references and contemporary interpretations, this article highlights the transformative potential of adhering to these principles. The integration of Yam and Niyam into daily practice can cultivate a greater sense of self-awareness, emotional stability, and holistic well-being. Furthermore, the relevance of these ethical guidelines is examined within the context of modern challenges, including stress, mental health issues, and societal disconnection. By understanding and applying the teachings of Yam and Niyam, individuals can navigate the complexities of contemporary life with greater resilience and purpose. This exploration not only contributes to the field of Yoga Studies but also offers valuable insights for personal development and social harmony.
AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF MUTRASHMARI W.S.R TO UROLITHIASIS: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Pakhare S.  , Duddalwar Y.  , Jamdhade S.  , Jamdhade P.
Published: October 2024

Mutrashmari is one of the diseases among Ahthamahagad ¹ (8 fatal disease), comes under Mutravaha Stotasa. It is Kapha Pradhan Tridoshaj Vyadhi. In Modern Medical Science Mutrashmari is correlated with Urolithiasis due to resembalance in sign and symptoms.Renal Calculi are common affecting 1% of the population and recurrence in more than half of the patients ².In Contemporary medicine a no of medical treatment have been mentioned but it is quite expensive and the pathogenesis behind the recurrance of formation of stone cannot be avoided . Hence it is necessary to find affordable and effective medicine to treat Mutrashmari. A 18 year old girl, came to OPD of Kayachikitsa,with complaints of abdominal and back pain radiating from loin to groin region ,burning micturition came to OPD of Kayachikitsa . USG report showed three Renal Calculi. Patient was treated with Shaman Aushadhi,regular follow up was taken. These medicines had shown amazing results the stones were expelled out through urine within 3 months. All signs and symptoms of patient resolved and there was no trace of calculi in USG report after treatment.
A NOVEL THEORY OF NECROTIC NEOPLASM TREATMENT ON AYURVEDIC PRINCIPLES OF RASAYAN CHIKITSA.
Authors: Ahire A.
Published: October 2024

Introduction: - Necrotic neoplasms, or necrotic cancer tumors, are observed in many cancer patients of different origins. The cause of this phenomenon is not fully understood by modern medicine, and there is no specific treatment available. In this context, we seek to explore the condition and potential treatment from an Ayurvedic perspective, particularly through Rasayana Chikitsa. Aim: -To postulate a theory for treating Necrotic Neoplasm according to the Ayurvedic principles of Rasayana Chikitsa. Methods: - As this is a critical study, material collection from various sources was done. Critical reading was done. Critical thinking with deductive reasoning was done. Upon discussion with peers, the conclusion was deducted.
Tree growth history, legacy of large-scale forest management and climatic variability in North Finland
Authors: Helama Samuli
Published: October 2024

Tree growth history was investigated in North Finland to study the recently observed reduction in Scots pine growth. Tree-ring records from the National Forest Inventory (NFI) were compared to changes that have occurred in forest management activities and to variations in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), as similar comparisons have not been previously made with NFI data. A phase of increased growth was dated to the early 1970s when the forest management activities were intensified on a large scale. More recently, growth has notably declined since the early 2000s which coincides with reduced activity to clean the ditches to ensure they are draining the substrate adequately. The growth reduction appeared greater for trees from stands with higher basal area. Trees representing sites where the first cleaning of the stand (thinning) had been carried out did not show reduced growth. NAO indices correlated positively with growth, especially during the cold season. An interpretation on the value of snow conditions in a dynamic interaction with management history/stand density is put forth to explain the growth decline observed in NFI data over the past two decades.
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Melalui PBL bagi Peserta Didik Kelas VII SMPN 3 Pantai Labu
Authors: Rasmaria Br Girsang  , Alfonsus Mudi Aran  , Aserie M. M. Dungus
Published: October 2024

The low student achievment of catholic religious education and character building at lesson  I have Abbility grade VII SMPN 3 Pantai labu  was  the problem background this research. This research aims to reminded student achievement through the problem-based learning model in PAK grade VII  SMP Negeri 3 Pantai  LabuThis type of research is classroom action research (PTK) which consist of two cycles. The research subject of students in grade VII SMP Negeri 3 Pantai Labu amounted to seven students consisting of five male students and two female students. The data collection technique in this study uses observation, test and documentation. The result of study was that the average score of students in the first cycle was fivety two  then increased ninety in the second cycle. The improvement was seen significantly. This can be seen from the fact that number of students has increase quite a bit by fourty-four percent. This means that, if the PBL learning model is implements properly and consistently, it will improve student learning outcomes.
Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Menggunakan Model Project Based Learning Berbantuan Media Audio Visual Fase C Kelas VI SDN 033913 Kalang Baru
Authors: Franciskus Kaperius Bangun
Published: October 2024

This research aims to apply the Project Based Learning model to improve critical thinking skills of Phase C Class VI students of Elementary School UPT SD Negeri 033913 Kalang Baru. This research process uses a classroom action research (CAR) method assisted by audio-visual media involving 5 Phase C class VI students in the 2024/2025 academic year. The results of the analysis show a significant increase in students' critical thinking skills in the application of the Project Based Learning model in each cycle for two meetings. The implementation of the PjBL model steps that have been applied such as determining basic statements, preparing project plans, preparing schedules, monitoring, testing results, and evaluating experiences. The results of the observation show that each meeting gets a good average score. The overall achievement of activities at the first meeting reached 95% for the assessment of observer 1 and 96.25% for the assessment of observer 2. The overall achievement of activities at the second meeting reached 97.5%. The teacher's ability to Determine Basic Questions in cycle I increased by 50% to 83.3% with an increase of 66.7%. Teachers' ability in Making Project Design in cycle I increased by 80% to 90% with an increase of 12.5%. Teachers' ability in Monitoring Project Progress in Cycle I increased by 83.3% to 100% with an increase of 20%. Teachers' ability in Assessing Results in cycle I increased by 80% to 90% with an increase of 12.5%. Teachers' ability in Evaluating Experience in cycle I increased by 50% to 100% with an increase of 100%. Students' ability in Providing Simple Explanations in cycle I increased by 30% to 60% with an increase of 100%. Students' ability in Building Basic Skills increased by 26.7% with an increase of 100%. Students' ability in Making Inferences increased by 40% with an increase of 100%. Students' ability in Providing Further Explanations increased by 26.7% with an increase of 100%. Students' ability in Organizing Strategies and Tactics increased by 33.3% with an increase of 100%. The recommendations of this study include facilitating teachers in implementing an effective Project Based Learning model and expanding the project-based and interactive learning approach model.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik Melalui Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah (PBL) dengan Media Audiovisual pada Materi Kemampuan dan Keterbatasanku di SMP Santo Andreas Jakarta Barat
Authors: Deslita Anzelina Br Tarigan  , Yusmanto Yusmanto  , Sri Sri
Published: October 2024

This study aims to enhance the critical thinking skills of students at SMP Santo Andreas in West Jakarta through the implementation of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model combined with audiovisual media, specifically in the subject matter “My Abilities and Limitations.” This approach prioritizes active interaction and real-world problem-solving, which is expected to increase student engagement in the learning process. The integration of audiovisual media aims to simplify the understanding of complex concepts, thereby enriching the overall learning experience. The research also identifies that the low critical thinking abilities of students are a result of less effective conventional teaching methods. By exploring the synergy between PBL and audiovisual media, this study makes a significant scientific contribution. The findings indicate that the application of this method positively and significantly impacts the enhancement of students' critical thinking skills. Therefore, this research recommends the use of PBL and audiovisual media as innovative alternatives in the learning process, particularly within the context of Catholic religious education.
Telaah Pemikiran Quraish Shihab dengan Tafsir Al-Misbah Surah Al-Alaq Ayat 1-5 dalam Pendidikan Islam di Keluarga
Authors: Lorens Xena , Razzaq Abdur , Imron Kristina
Published: October 2024

This study aims to examine Quraish Shihab's thoughts on Islamic education in the family in the Tafsir Al-Misbah of Surah Al-Alaq verses 1-5 through Quraish Shihab's thoughts on Islamic education in the family in Surah Al-'Alaq verses 1-5 emphasizing the importance of reading, learning, and knowledge as a basis for character and moral formation in education. Quraish Shihab, through his interpretation, emphasizes the role of the family as the first and foremost educational institution in instilling religious and intellectual values. This study uses qualitative methods and the type of research used in is library research. With a descriptive-analytical approach to examine the interpretation and its relationship to education in the family. The results of the study indicate that Quraish Shihab's thoughts in the Tafsir Al-Misbah provide relevant guidance for the development of education based on Islamic values in the family, especially in the spiritual, intellectual, and moral development of children. So in this article it can be concluded that the role of the family as the first educational institution is highly emphasized, where parents are expected to be able to instill religious, spiritual, and intellectual values in children from an early age starting by teaching children to read and introducing Allah through the source of the Qur'an. This interpretation is relevant in the context of modern education to strengthen religious values and moral integrity in the family.
What Makes Up Your Organization’s Genome?
Authors: Dahl Owen
Published: October 2024

Today’s healthcare providers benefit from knowing the genetic makeup of their patients — understanding their genomes. With that information, they can better review care needs and develop care plans for each individual. What if the genome model were applied to a medical organization? Physician leaders can adapt the elements of culture (genome), DNA (leadership and management), genes (staff), and RNA (communication) to better lead their organizations. The culture would be such that each staff member’s skills would be adapted and applied to achieving the mission, improving the patient experience, and leading to a healthy outcome.
Papel das células-tronco cancerígenas no desenvolvimento e progressão do adenocarcinoma gástrico
Authors: Boareto Lucas Xavier , Lin Cíntia Yin Ann , Freire Filho Mac Daves de Morais , Barbosa Matheus Henrique , Santos Lucas Barroso Dornelas , Reis Gabriel Baêta Branquinho
Published: October 2024

O câncer gástrico, uma das neoplasias com maior taxa de letalidade do mundo, possui como tipo histológico mais comum o adenocarcinoma gástrico. A relação entre a renovação do epitélio gástrico e a carcinogênese destaca o papel das células-tronco gástricas na formação de neoplasias. Cerca de 90% das neoplasias que afetam o ser humano derivam de alterações nos tecidos epiteliais, devido à alta capacidade regenerativa proporcionada pelas células-tronco somáticas. O câncer gástrico é a terceira maior causa de morte por neoplasia entre homens e quinta entre mulheres, com menos de 30% dos pacientes com sobrevida maior que 5 anos. Os adenocarcinomas gástricos são classificados em quatro subtipos principais, com distribuição e fatores de risco distintos. Fatores de risco incluem sexo masculino, tipo difuso hereditário, mutações em genes como CDH1, BRCA2, e síndromes hereditárias. A estrutura da mucosa gástrica é crucial para entender o ciclo contínuo de renovação epitelial mediado por células-tronco, regulado por vias moleculares como EGF e SHH. A desregulação na autorrenovação do epitélio gástrico pode levar a metaplasia e formação de adenocarcinomas, influenciada pela inflamação crônica e infecção por H. pylori. Estudos sobre as subpopulações de células-tronco gástricas, como as que expressam Lgr5, indicam sua relevância na diferenciação celular e na progressão tumoral, incluindo vasculogênese e resistência ao tratamento. Assim, compreender esses mecanismos celulares e moleculares é essencial para desenvolver intervenções terapêuticas que possam bloquear a nutrição tumoral e inibir o crescimento dos adenocarcinomas, melhorando o prognóstico e tratamento dos pacientes.
Grammatical Relations of German and Indonesian language in Criminal Texts Der Spiegel and Kompas
Authors: Siahaan Sahat Taruli , Mulyadi Mulyadi
Published: October 2024

This study aims to analyze the types of grammatical relations that appear in Germany in the German criminal text Der Spiegel and Indonesian in the Indonesian criminal text Kompas. The data in this study are 127 clauses in German and 90 clauses in Indonesia. The data sources in this study are 3 German crime texts in the German (online) magazine Der Spiegel and 3 Indonesia newspapers Kompas  in the May 2024 issue. The research design used is Qualitative Descriptive. Data collection was carried out using critical reading and note-taking techniques. Meanwhile, the approach used in this study is the Typology approach of Comrie (1981) and Farrel (2005). The results of this study show that there are: (1) 4 types of grammatical relations, namely Nominative with 13 findings (10%), Nominative-Acoussative with 48 findings (38%), Active language with 44 findings (35%) and Passive language with 22 findings (17%) appear as types of grammatical relations that occur in German in  the online criminal text Der Spiegel; (2) 4 types of grammatical relations found in Indonesian criminal texts in Kompas, that is Nominative with 7 findings (8%), Nominative-Accusative with 38 findings (42%), Active language with 32 findings (36%) and Passive language with 13 findings (14%); (3) the Nominative-Accusative grammatical relationship type with 48 findings (38%) is the dominant one found in the German criminal text in  the May 2024 edition of Der Spiegel online; and (4) the Nominative-Accusative grammatical relationship type with 38 findings (42%) is the most dominant in the Indonesian crime text in the May 2024 issue of the Kompas newspaper.
Grammatical Alliance in the Acehian Language
Authors: Kartika Rika , Mulyadi
Published: October 2024

This research aims to describe the grammatical alliance system found in the Acehnese language. The research method used in this research is descriptive-qualitative. Miles and Huberman Model Qualitative Data Analysis Techniques Miles and Huberman can be carried out in three stages, namely data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing and verification. Data was collected through online or offline searches, including from digital text databases and online sources, in Acehnese, namely Acehnese song lyrics. Comparison with relevant literature was also used to ensure the consistency and validity of the findings. Based on this, 16 lines were found in two Aceh-language regional songs. The data found that the Acehnese language belongs to the accusative type, which treats S the same as A and gives a gives a different treatment to P (S = A ≠ P).
The Urgency of Stakeholder Roles and Environmental Politics in Achieving SDGs through Environmental Management in Malaumkarta Village, Sorong
Authors: Sinaga Melpayanty , Suryanti Made Selly Dwi
Published: October 2024

This study examines the implementation of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through the traditional egek/sasi practices in Malaumkarta Village, Sorong Regency, Indonesia. It explores the roles of various stakeholders in integrating indigenous ecological knowledge with modern conservation efforts to achieve sustainable development. Using a qualitative case study approach, it highlights the role of a multi-stakeholder collaboration, including local youth, NGOs, religious institutions, local government, and the customary council. The study reveals that the successful localization of SDGs in Malaumkarta is attributed to a robust multi-stakeholder collaborative framework, encompassing local youth, NGOs, religious institutions, local government, and the customary council. The inaugural Egek Festival in 2023 exemplifies this collaboration, symbolizing the Moi tribe's commitment to sustainable resource management and cultural preservation. The research highlights the potential of integrating traditional ecological knowledge into modern conservation efforts and the importance of adapting global sustainability goals to local contexts. While the study's geographical scope and timeframe present limitations, its findings have significant implications for policy, practice, and future research in sustainable development, particularly in indigenous contexts. The Malaumkarta case offers valuable insights for achieving SDGs while preserving cultural heritage and ecological integrity, potentially informing similar initiatives worldwide
A Review on The Influence of Co-curricular Activity on Academic Achievement among Higher Secondary School Students
Authors: N. Suthakar  , R. Jeyanthi
Published: October 2024

This study aimed to examine the effects of co-curricular pursuits on pupils in Higher Secondary education. A thorough analysis of existing research indicated that engaging in activities outside the curriculum offers numerous advantages to Higher Secondary school students. These advantages encompass enhanced scholastic achievement, developed social abilities, improved time management, and heightened self-confidence. Moreover, the research suggests that taking part in co-curricular activities may contribute to lowering the likelihood of problematic behaviours, including substance misuse, misconduct, and aggression. The investigation concluded that a positive correlation exists between participation in co-curricular activities and academic accomplishment, recommending that schools should place a high priority on providing such activities for their students.
THE STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF USING SOCIAL MEDIA (INSTAGRAM) AS A WRITING TOOL IN EFL CLASSROOM
Authors:   SDU University, Kazakhstan, Kaskelen, Abdyrakhimova S.
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study is to explore and understand how students perceive social media as a writing tool within classroom settings, with a particular focus on English language acquisition. In today's digital age, social media platforms have become ubiquitous, influencing not only personal communication but also educational practices. Special emphasis is placed on how these digital tools can aid in the development of English language skills. The literature review underscores the increasing integration of technology in education and delves into the potential benefits and challenges associated with incorporating social media into traditional learning environments. Among the various platforms, Instagram stands out due to its visual format and capacity to foster creativity and engagement, making it a promising tool for enhancing English language learning. This research seeks to provide a nuanced understanding of the advantages and limitations of using social media as a pedagogical tool, particularly in relation to student engagement and language skill development. By gaining insights into students' attitudes and approaches to using social media as a writing tool, this study aims to equip educators with practical strategies for effectively integrating these platforms into language learning curricula. The ultimate goal is to enhance the educational experience, making it more relevant to students' everyday lives while preparing them for success in an increasingly digital world.
APPLICATION OF THE TECHNOLOGY OF THE TEAM TEACHING METHOD IN TEACHING PHYSICS AT SCHOOL
Authors:   Abay Kazakh national pedagogical university, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Sybanbekova A.K. ,   Abay Kazakh national pedagogical university, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Nametkulova F.D.
Published: October 2024

The article examines the technology of team learning used in teaching physics at school, as well as its application in pedagogical practice. It was noted that the growth of information flow and the development of technologies in modern society make it possible to integrate new teaching methods into the field of education. Attention was also drawn to the fact that the technology of team learning is based on a methodology that assumes that students search for information on their own. The article presents the technology of the team learning method and its stages, forms of student assessment and examples of the application of the group learning method in physics lessons, including working in groups on projects, conducting virtual laboratory work. Topics were discussed and samples of projects for 9th grade students in physics were presented. The advantages of the methodology were considered, such as increasing student independence, increasing interest in the subject and the difficulties faced by teachers associated with the introduction of team learning technology into the educational process.
Regulation of neurotransmission in regenerating neuromuscular junctions involving endocannabinoids
Authors: Bogacheva P. O. , Chernyshev K. A. , Tarasova E. A. , Potapova D. A. , Balezina O. P.
Published: October 2024

The work was dedicated to investigation of the influence of two endocannabinoids – arachidonoylethanolamide (AEA), also known as anandamide, and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) on the parameters of miniature endplate potentials (MEPP) and evoked endplate potentials (EPP) of motor synapses at the early stage of regeneration during muscle reinnervation. 2-AG increased the amplitude of MEPP by 35%, and also increased the amplitude of EPP by 37%, without affecting quantal content of EPP or any other parameters of neurotransmitter secretion. This effect was prevented by vesicular acetylcholine transporter inhibitor vesamicol and by inverse agonist of CB1-type cannabinoid receptors AM251. AEA did not change the amplitude or any other parameters of MEPP, but reduced the quantal content of EPP by 27%. The inhibitory effect of AEA was prevented by AM251 and by the L-type Ca2+ channel blocker nitrendipine. Thus, it was established for the first time that in newly formed motor synapses AEA and 2-AG activate the same type of presynaptic cannabinoid receptors, but have different final targets, influence different parameters of quantal ACh secretion and have multidirectional effects on synaptic transmission. The presence of both facilitatory and inhibitory effects of endocannabinoids in regenerating synapses may serve to fine-tune and regulate synaptic transmission during their maturation.
Cytokines – regulators of immunity
Authors: Nedospasov S. A.
Published: October 2024

This short review focuses on cytokines, molecular mediators of immunity and many other physiological functions of the body. Research on cytokines revealed new principles of cell-tocell communications and new paradigms in intracellular signal transduction. A few recombinant cytokines and, paradoxically, some cytokine inhibitors found practical use in medicine.
The mechanisms of effects of oil-derived polyaromatic hydrocarbons on cardiac electrical activity in navaga cod (Eleginus nawaga)
Authors: Filatova T. S. , Borodkov A. S. , Karkhov A. M. , Dzhumaniiazova I. H. , Pustovit O. B. , Abramochkin D. V.
Published: October 2024

The intensive development of oil and gas industries in the Arctic threatens Arctic aquatic ecosystems. The toxic and primarily lethal cardiotoxic effects of oil in living organisms are believed to be associated with polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and previous works revealed the electrophysiological mechanisms of action of individual oil-derived PAHs. However, the physiological effects of a complex PAHs mixture in oil water-soluble fraction (WSF) have not been previously studied. This study is focused on the effects of oil WSF on electrical activity and major ionic currents in the working myocardium of navaga (Eleginus nawaga), which is one of the most important commercial fish species in the Arctic. We found that 1% and 10% solutions of oil WSF cause a marked increase in the duration of action potentials (APs) in navaga cardiomyocytes. This effect appears to be due to the suppression of rapid delayed rectifying current IKr (IC50 about 3% in ventricular and atrial myocardium). At higher concentrations, oil WSF also suppressed calcium current ICaL (IC50 = 10.6%), which led to a decrease in the contractile activity in isolated myocardial preparations. Unlike individual tricyclic PAHs, oil WSF did not affect fast sodium current INa and AP upstroke velocity. An assessment of the content of tricyclic PAHs in 10% solution of oil WSF showed that their total concentration is relatively low and does not exceed 100 nM. Thus, oil WSF also has a powerful cardiotoxic effect in fish myocardium, but its effects differ from the previously studied effects of tricyclic PAHs and suggest the presence of yet unexplored oil compounds that have a more powerful toxic potential against ERG channels.
Tantangan Pemerintahan dan Pembangunan Daerah Perbatasan dalam Perspektif Otonomi Daerah
Authors: R. Siti Zuhro  , Nyimas Latifah Letty Aziz  , Moch. Nurhasim  , Yusuf Maulana  , Dini Rahmiati  , Mardiyanto Wahyu Tryatmoko
Published: October 2024

Ketika daerah perbatasan belum mampu menjadi beranda dan etalase estetis bagi suatu negara, pembangunan daerah perbatasan layak menjadi sebuah isu strategis yang perlu diprioritaskan dalam implementasi kebijakan desentralisasi. Sistem desentralisasi dan otonomi daerah yang diterapkan oleh pemerintah Indonesia memang dianggap menjadi pilihan yang paling tepat untuk wilayah Indonesia yang merupakan negara kepulauan dengan keragaman sosial-budaya, bahasa, dan geografi. Hal tersebut tentu membutuhkan perhatian dan penanganan khusus dari pemerintah pusat dan daerah. Namun, saat ini masih banyak persoalan yang belum diselesaikan di daerah perbatasan Indonesia. Pada realitasnya, masih banyak masyarakat di daerah perbatasan yang belum merasakan tingkat kesejahteraan yang sama dengan masyarakat di daerah. Masyarakat di daerah perbatasan belum sepenuhnya dilibatkan langsung dalam penyusunan kebijakan daerah mereka sehingga kebijakan tersebut belum mampu mengakomodasi kebutuhan masyarakat yang sesuai dengan realitas di daerah perbatasan. Pemerintah daerah selama ini juga hanya memiliki kewenangan terbatas dan terkesan masih sangat terikat dengan pemerintah pusat. Bahkan, Badan Nasional Pengelola Perbatasan (BNPP) dan Badan Pengelola Perbatasan Daerah (BPPD) yang selama ini dibentuk dengan tujuan untuk mengawal dan mempercepat pembangunan di daerah perbatasan, hanya menjalankan fungsi koordinasi yang justru terkesan memperpanjang rantai birokrasi. Buku ini adalah jawaban atas beberapa persoalan tersebut. Dengan beberapa analisis terkait persoalan di daerah perbatasan, buku ini juga menyajikan informasi tentang prinsip-prinsip yang seharusnya diterapkan dalam pengelolaan otonomi daerah perbatasan serta beberapa strategi yang dapat diujicobakan untuk meningkatkan perbaikan pembangunan daerah perbatasan.
SÍNDROME DO OVÁRIO POLICÍSTICO
Authors: Barbosa Emanuel Braga , Pereira Joseph Ferraz , Rodrigues Talysson Almeida , Barbosa Victória Martins Fonseca
Published: October 2024

Introdução: A Síndrome dos Ovários Policísticos (SOP) é uma importante causa de infertilidade feminina, sendo caracterizada por hiperandrogenismo, disfunção ovariana e ovulatória, além da associação com a resistência à insulina. Objetivo: Apresentar os principais dados sobre a SOP, a fim de orientar o estudo de profissionais da saúde e de acadêmicos de medicina. Metodologia: Revisão bibliográfica de livros-texto de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia e artigos científicos acerca do assunto. Resultados: A SOP possui uma relação com fatores hereditários e com fatores hormonais e se manifesta com sinais e sintomas, como alterações menstruais, disfunção ovulatória, infertilidade, complicações gestacionais, neoplasia endometrial, resistência insulínica, sobrepeso, síndrome metabólica, hiperandrogenismo, disfunção endotelial e problemas psicossociais. O diagnóstico envolve diversos critérios, tendo o de Rotterdam como o principal. O tratamento deve ser individual, de acordo com os sinais e sintomas, podendo ser não farmacológico (mudanças de hábitos de vida), farmacológico e, em alguns casos, cirúrgico. Conclusão: A SOP possui um alto impacto na vida das mulheres acometidas, o que pode gerar consequências físicas e emocionais. Assim, é necessário que ocorra um diagnóstico precoce, com o intuito de reduzir os impactos, como exemplo, os fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares e para Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2. Logo, torna-se indispensável um amplo conhecimento dos profissionais para identificar a patologia e para educar as pacientes quanto à síndrome.
INFECÇÕES DO TRATO URINÁRIO
Authors: Ramos Gabriela Mariano , Santos Camila Campos , Sena Lyvia Maria Lopes , Vieira Tayna Neiva
Published: October 2024

Introdução: As infecções do trato urinário (ITUs) são comuns e variam em gravidade, afetando desde a uretra até os rins. Elas representam um desafio clínico significativo, com uma ampla gama de manifestações clínicas. Metodologia: Revisão bibliográfica de artigos científicos, livros-texto e diretrizes utilizando os descritores abaixo. Objetivo: Este artigo tem como objetivo abordar a epidemiologia, fatores de risco, sintomas e tratamento das ITUs, com ênfase nas manifestações clínicas mais comuns, como cistite e pielonefrite. Resultados: As ITUs têm uma distribuição ampla, afetando pessoas de todas as idades e gêneros, com uma prevalência maior entre as mulheres. Diversos fatores de risco contribuem para o seu desenvolvimento, incluindo sexo feminino, atividade sexual, obstruções urinárias e condições médicas. Os sintomas das ITUs variam de acordo com a localização e gravidade da infecção, podendo incluir disúria, urgência miccional, dor abdominal e febre. O tratamento envolve antibioticoterapia, com duração e escolha do antibiótico dependendo do tipo e gravidade da infecção. Conclusão: As ITUs representam um problema significativo de saúde pública, afetando uma parcela considerável da população global. O diagnóstico precoce e o tratamento adequado são essenciais para prevenir complicações e promover a recuperação dos pacientes. Uma abordagem individualizada e baseada em evidências é fundamental para o manejo eficaz das ITUs.
Memes During the Times of War in the Publications of the Polish News Website: Functions and Narratives/Memy w czasie wojny w publikacjach polskich serwisów informacyjnych: funkcje i narracje
Authors: Zhuravska Oksana
Published: October 2024

This paper presents findings from a study examining the role and functioning of crisis-time memes, particularly during the full-scale invasion of Ukraine, in Polish news websites Rzeczpospolita, Fakt, and WP Wiadomości. It also explores related primary narratives in the context of media tabloidization, and the influence of stylistics and practices from both citizen journalism and social networks. Linguistic, culturological, thematic, and content analyses indicate that strategies of meme usage are influenced by their socio-cultural nature as unique expressions of public opinion (Vox Populi), as well as by the editorial policy of the media and journalists’ intentions. Authors employ memes not only to illustrate themes but also as informational triggers and even sources. Some publications directly or indirectly raise the issue concerning the role of media in simplifying public perception of contemporary problems. In this context, memes can function both as a tool for tabloidization and as a means of formulating and researching complicated themes, such as resistance to propaganda and populism. Quantitative analysis data confirm that Rzeczpospolita media publishes the most memes about the war, despite positioning itself in the segment of qualitative mainstream media and not excessively using memes as illustrations. Conversely, Fakt and WP Wiadomości, which prefer themes of sports and politics, exploit this format intensely. Simultaneously, authors of Rzeczpospolita primarily use verbal descriptions of memes or employ them to achieve various artistic and expressive effects while preserving journalistic factual material and often avoiding information visualization.
Imitation of human cognitive processes – challenges and threats of modern information technologies/Naśladowanie procesów poznawczych człowieka - wyzwania i zagrożenia współczesnych technologii informatycznych
Authors: Jabłonka Jarosław
Published: October 2024

The issue of imitating human cognitive processes stands as a central challenge in the advancement of information technologies, making it a significant aspect of contemporary socio-technological reality. The article begins with the observation that the evolution of artificial intelligence entails a feedback loop between the imitating technology and the imitated human cognitive processes. Its objective is to offer a framework for describing the dynamics of these reciprocal interactions in selected domains, drawing from literature on the subject.
Merinos in Poland – an analysis of breeding condition, selected performance traits and perspectives for the protection of genetic resources in relation to the country’s total sheep population
Authors: Kawęcka Aldona , Peist Iga , Puchała Michał , Garstka Robert
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the study was to analyse the breeding condition and performance traits of merino sheep belonging to three breeds in 2008-2022. The experimental material consisted of data derived from annual reports published by the Polish Sheep Breeding Association on breeding of three merino breeds: Polish Merino, Coloured Merino, old-type Polish Merino and data on the number and distribution of flocks, as well as data on the implementation of the sheep genetic resources protection programme from the database of the National Research Institute of Animal Production covering the period of the last 15 years. Analysing the population size over the last 15 years, significant changes were observed in the breed structure of the Merino sheep population. The implementation of conservation programmes and the opportunity to obtain subsidies for conservation breeds have had an impact on the breeding of these breeds in our country. Currently, the largest share of the merino sheep population is represented by the old-type Polish merino. Merino breeding has a regional and large-scale profile, concentrated in the historical areas of their maintenance, in Wielkopolska and Kujawy, usually in flocks of about 100 dams. Reproduction rates expressed by maternal prolificacy were found to be in line with the breed pattern. The Polish merino and the old-type Polish merino were distinguished by similar parameters of reproductive traits and higher fertility as well as rearing indices than those of the coloured merino. The coloured merino is the breed with the highest fertility and breeding performance. Body weight of lambs was higher for the white varieties. However, reproductive and meat performance indices show the potential of merino sheep in the context of lamb production, which is currently the main focus of sheep production in Poland.
A Survey of Patient Utilization and Trust of Emergency Medical Services
Authors: LaShell Alexandra , S. Sebok-Syer Stefanie , Supples Michael , Musey Paul , Faris Greg , Liao Mark , Vaizer Julia , Alexander Andreia , Glober Nancy
Published: October 2024

Little is known about patients’ decisions to come to the Emergency Department (ED) via emergency medical services (EMS) versus privately owned vehicle (POV); this is problematic as trust in EMS systems impacts patient care decisions. Furthermore, no studies exist that evaluate patients’ trust of the EMS system as it relates to a patient’s race.

Patients completed a multi-method survey during their ED stay. Quantitative data included: patient demographics (age, gender, race) income, insurance status, previous medical training, highest level of education, self-reported medical and social history, number of ED visits in the past three months, and two scales assessing trust and empathy: the Group-Based Medical Mistrust Scale and the Jefferson Scale. Characteristics of patients who came to the ED via EMS versus POV were shown. A Wilcoxon signed rank test described differences in EMS trust scales by race. Logistic regression showed which factors contribute to the decision of EMS or POV. Qualitative comments described patients’ rationale for EMS versus POV.

23/72 (31.94%) patients utilized EMS transport and 49/72 (68.06%) utilized POV. 59.09% of patients self-identified as Black and 40.91% self-identified as White. The Group-Based Medical Mistrust Scale found Black patients had less trust in the EMS system (p=0.0001), while the Jefferson Scale of Patient Perception of Physician Empathy showed no significant difference in patient perceptions of EMS provider empathy (p=0.608). Logistic regression indicated that age predicted the use of EMS over POV (p<0.001). Lack of access to POV, physical limitations, cost, speed, perception of emergency, and fear were identified as reasons that supportg patients’ decision to use EMS or POV.

Many factors can influence patients’ transportation decisions and this study highlights trust, age, and other social and economic factors. These findings could inform policy decisions and ensure  emergency care systems that are accessible for all patients.
Helicopter Emergency Medical Services (HEMS) Transportation Utilization for Acute Ischemic Strokes at a Community-Based Hospital in South Florida
Authors: Persaud Lisa , Oliva Jadthiel , Belnap Starlie , De Los Rios La Rosa Felipe
Published: October 2024

Background: A comprehensive stroke center (CSC) servicing remote areas in South Florida became HEMS direct-from-field capable on October 15, 2020. This analysis reviews the utilization of this service and compares it to ground EMS (GEMS).
Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study from October 15, 2020, to July 31, 2021, that collected HEMS adult stroke alert data and compared it to the prior year's summary GEMS stroke alert data. Using HEMS transportation logs, presenting stroke symptoms and prehospital assessment were abstracted, in addition to initial NIHSS, downgrade rate, stroke diagnosis percentage, treatment rate, and times.
Results: The analysis included a total of 52 direct transport HEMS stroke alerts. Assessment tools utilized by HEMS included the Cincinnati stroke scale (4%) and the FAST-ED (37%); most cases (59%) did not document a stroke assessment tool. The median NIHSS was 10, with 37% presenting a score <6. Cases were downgraded upon arrival in 27% and after CT imaging in 15% of cases. Significantly (p<.001), more HEMS cases were diagnosed as stroke (69%) compared to GEMS (57%). Stroke treatment rates remained similar (HEMS=23%; GEMS=24%). Median door-to-needle times were significantly faster for HEMS (15 min) than GEMS (25 min) (p<.05). Median door-to-puncture times were clinically faster for HEMS (61mins) than GEMS (66 mins).
Conclusion: Prehospital triage could be improved to better detect the 77% of patients who are not eligible for acute stroke reperfusion treatments and may benefit from ground as opposed to air transportation. The current HEMS triage, although not consistently documented, appropriately selects stroke victims, but not necessarily those who need air transport to a higher care level. Patients arriving via HEMS receive similar access to stroke treatment and, if treated, significantly faster treatment times.
EMS Clinicians in the West Texas Area Frequently Encounter Firearms During Patient Assessments with Limited Gun Safety Training
Authors: Baker Russell , Toppo Alexander , Rivera Servando , Da Silva Stewart , Wood Rachael
Published: October 2024

Introduction - Firearms are commonly encountered in the prehospital setting, sometimes with devastating consequences. However, the frequency with which EMS workers find and handle firearms when evaluating patients in the field and the firearm safety training they have received remains largely unstudied.
Objectives - We sought to answer the following questions: 1) How frequently do EMS personnel in West Texas and Southern New Mexico USA encounter and handle firearms when caring for patients? 2) How many of these clinicians are aware of agency policy or have received agency training in the safe handling of firearms? 3) Do these clinicians support integrating firearm training into the EMS curriculum?
Methods - In this observational, cross-sectional study, a survey evaluating weapon and firearm encounters, confidence handling firearms, and formal firearms training was distributed to EMS providers in West Texas and Southern New Mexico between July 1, 2022, and January 1, 2023.
Results - Two hundred forty-seven out of a potential 609 EMS clinicians completed the online survey, representing a 41% response rate. Among respondents, 61% reported encountering firearms at least once per year. These firearms were handled by EMS personnel over a quarter of the time. Sixty-eight percent of prehospital providers were unaware of any agency policy regarding handling firearms. Despite broad personal experience with firearms, 90% of respondents received no agency training in gun safety. Eighty-seven percent of providers reported they would attend an agency training course on firearm safety, and 95% indicated that this topic should be added to the EMS curriculum.
Conclusion -  EMS personnel in West Texas and Southern New Mexico routinely encounter and handle guns despite minimal agency firearm safety training. This initial study may demonstrate a potential need for introducing firearm safety didactics and training into the EMS curriculum, and the need for additional research.
A Cross-Sectional Analysis of ALS/ BLS Care in Low Acuity 9-1-1 Response by Geography and Insurance Status Utilizing the 2019 NEMSIS Dataset
Authors: Pesarsick Jeffrey , Bhandari Ruchi , Groth Caroline , Findley Scott , Hendricks Brian
Published: October 2024

Purpose. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between patient acuity and level of EMS care adjusting for rurality and insurance. 
Methods. Data were obtained from the National Emergency Services Information System (NEMSIS) database for 2019. EMS responses (n = 4,375,568) were analyzed comparing patient acuity and CMS Service level, Advanced Life Support (ALS) vs Basic Life Support (BLS), to assess for associations in acuity and CMS Service level using logistic regression. 
Results. Overall, there was a decreased odds of advanced life service use at low acuity EMS responses (OR=0.443, 95% CI=0.440-0.445).  Sub analysis exploring the interaction between CMS Service Level, Rurality demonstrates an overall trend of decreasing odds of low acuity EMS responses among rural areas and BLS care (OR=0.492, 95% CI=0.486,0.498) and ALS care (OR=0.198, 95% CI=0.197,0.200).  When analyzing trends among public vs all other insurance and rural vs urban settings, there were decreases in low acuity ALS care in the rural setting; ALS and Pub Insurance (OR 0.447, 0.444-0.450, p<0.001), ALS and Rural (OR 0.198, CI 0.197-0.914, p<0.001) among low acuity responses.  The results indicate that acuity and service level vary according to insurance and rurality.  In the low acuity call type, we see decreased odds of ALS use compared BLS use in those with public insurances compared to other insurance.   There is also a geographic component to these results where the use of Advance Life Support services declined with decreases in urbanicity. 
Discussion.  These results potentially highlight that rural areas utilize less emergency medical response resources in low acuity responses. As such, EMS programs like community paramedicine, could be potentially effective interventions to close gaps in access to care for rural residents.