bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non-invasive ploidy determination in live fish by measuring erythrocyte size in capillaries
Authors: Halačka Karel , Janko Karel , Vetešník Lukáš
Published: September 2021

Information about ploidy is important in both commercial and conservation aquaculture and fish research. Unfortunately, methods for its determination, such as karyology, determination of the amount of DNA in a cell using microdensitometry or flow cytometry and/or measuring erythrocytes in a blood smear can be stressful or even destructive. Some of these methods are also limited by the relatively large minimum size of the individual being measured. The aim of this study was to test a new low-stress method of determining ploidy by measuring the size of erythrocytes in the capillaries of a fish, including small individuals. First, we examined diploid and triploid loach (Cobitis sp.) and gibel carp, Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1782), using flow cytometry and blood smears, with these results being used as a control. Subsequently, we measured the size of erythrocytes in the caudal fin capillaries of anesthetized fishes of known ploidy under a light microscope. For both the loaches and gibel carp, direct observation of the mean erythrocyte size in epithelial fin capillaries provided a consistent and reliable determination of ploidy when compared with the controls based on flow cytometry and blood smears. This new method allows for rapid determination of ploidy in living small fish, where collection of tissue using other methods may cause excessive stress or damage. The method outlined here simply requires the measurement of erythrocytes directly in the bloodstream of a live fish, thereby making it possible to determine ploidy without the need for blood sampling. The method described is sufficiently efficient, less demanding on equipment than many other procedures, can be used by relatively inexperienced personnel and has benefits as regards animal welfare, which is especially important for fish production facilities or when dealing with rare or endangered species.
First record of Monotaxis heterodon (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Lethrinidae) from the lagoon waters of Mischief Reef, South China Sea
Authors: Zhao Yu , Zhou Wenli , Shan Binbin , Liu Yan , Yang Changping , Sun Dianrong
Published: September 2021

Monotaxis heterodon (Bleeker, 1854) is widespread in the Indo-Pacific Ocean, however, it was reported that Monotaxis grandoculis (Forsskål, 1775) was the single species of Monotaxis in this area. We collected four M. heterodon specimens from the lagoon waters of Mischief Reef in South China Sea. A morphometric study was taken to confirm the occurrence of M. heterodon in the seawaters of the South China Sea and thoroughly separate them from M. grandoculis. In addition, DNA barcoding was taken for the classification of specimens. The mean genetic distance within M. heterodon group was 0.24 percentage points, group mean distance between M. heterodon and M. grandoculis was 8.71 percentage points. The phylogenetic analysis confirmed the existence of M. heterodon in the lagoon waters of the South China Sea. This study will contribute to species identification within this genus distributed in the South China Sea.
BioBlitz is More than a Bit of Fun
Authors: Meeus Sofie , Silva-Rocha Iolanda , Adriaens Tim , Brown Peter , Chartosia Niki , Claramunt-López Bernat , Martinou Angeliki , Pocock Michael , Preda Cristina , Roy Helen , Tricarico Elena , Groom Quentin
Published: September 2021

Emerging in the 1990s, bioblitzes have become flagship events for biodiversity assessments. Although the format varies, a bioblitz is generally an intensive, short-term survey in a specific area. Bioblitzes collect biodiversity data and can therefore play a role in research, discovery of new species at a site and monitoring. They may also promote public engagement, community building, and education and outreach. However, the question remains, how effective are bioblitzes at achieving these goals? To evaluate the value of bioblitzes for these multiple goals, we conducted two meta-analyses, one on sixty published bioblitzes and the other on 1860 bioblitzes conducted using iNaturalist. Furthermore, we made an in-depth analysis of the data collected during a bioblitz we organized ourselves.

From these analyses we found bioblitzes are effective at gathering data—collecting on average more than 300 species records—despite limitations of bias, which many types of biodiversity surveys suffer from, such as preferences for charismatic taxa, and uneven sampling effort in time and space. However, because the survey intensity, duration and extent are more controlled, a bioblitz is more repeatable than some other forms of survey. We also found that bioblitzes were highly effective at engaging people in sustained activity after they participated in a bioblitz. A bioblitz may therefore act as a trigger for participation in biological recording, which is supported by the use of technology, particularly smartphone apps. Another important aspect is the involvement of both citizen scientists and professional biologists, creating learning opportunities in both directions. Indeed, it was clear that many bioblitzes acted as brokerage events between individuals and organizations, and between professionals who work in biodiversity research and conservation. Such community building is important for communication and building trust between organizations and citizens to the benefit of biodiversity research and conservation.

From the impartial perspective of hypothesis-driven science, bioblitzes may seem like a lot of work with limited scientific gain. However, this largely overlooks how important people, communities and their organizations are in gathering data, and in conserving biodiversity.
Ubiquinol ameliorates endothelial dysfunction and increases expression of miRNA-34a in a rat model of pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Kuropatkina Tatyana A. , Pankova Nadezda V. , Medvedeva Natalia A. , Medvedev Oleg S.
Published: September 2021

Introduction: In this research, we evaluate the effect of intravenously administrated solubilized ubiquinol on 4-week monocrotalin-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH) in rats.

Materials and methods: To reproduce the model, some male Wistar rats were subcutaneously injected with alcohol solution of monocrotaline60 mg/kg and the rest – with alcohol solution (Control). Those with monocrotaline (MCT) were divided into 3 groups. They underwent intravenous administration of 1% ubiquinol solution 30 mg/kg (MCT-Ubiquinol), the vehicle (MCT-Vehicle) and saline (MCT-saline) three times on days 7, 14 and 21, depending on the group. The hemodynamic parameters were measured in anesthetized rats on day 29. Right ventricle hypertrophy, pulmonary arteries reactivity and expression of miRNA-21 and miRNA-34a were estimated after euthanasia.

Results and discussion: All MCT-groups demonstrated an increase in right ventricle systolic pressure and hypertrophy in comparison with the control group. An increase in lung weight was shown in MCT-Vehicle and MCT-Saline; however, the MCT-Ubiquinol indicators did not differ from those of the Control. There was an increased vasodilatation response to acetylcholine at concentrations of 1*10-6M and 1*10-5M in MCT-Ubiquinol in contrast to the other two MCT-groups. A significantly lower level of expression of miRNA-34a was observed in MCT-Ubiquinol.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that a triple ubiquinol injection influences pulmonary changes and endothelium-depended vasodilatation, which contributes to pulmonary vascular tone and reactivity. A decrease in miRNA-34a expression in MCT-Ubiquinol group demonstrates the ubiquinol anti-inflammatory properties.
Violence and the Ascent to the Extraordinary: a Rural Community’s Petition to the Emperor Gordian III
Authors: Doukellis Panagiotis
Published: September 2021

Le point de départ de cette contribution repose sur l’idée de Martin Zimmermann selon laquelle « les représentations de la violence ne visent pas à dépeindre une réalité cruelle, mais à promouvoir des objectifs politiques, éthiques ou moraux et religieux en suscitant le dégoût et l’horreur. […] Elles mettent en exergue la perturbation de l’ordre et, en fin de compte, servent à établir un consensus sur les principes fondamentaux de l’existence sociétale ». Cette idée trouve son application au cas des comportements violents et inappropriés des soldats et d’autres fonctionnaires impériaux à l’égard des paysans de la kome de Skaptopara dans la province de Thrace, au début du iii e  siècle après J.-C. Les villageois réagissent et dénoncent ces comportements au gouverneur provincial et adressent une pétition à l’empereur lui-même (Gordien III). L’article ne vise pas à analyser les comportements violents connexes : après une brève présentation du statut juridique et social de cette communauté rurale, il soulève des questions quant à la raison d’être de cette inscription monumentale qui raconte les événements, le processus d’appel, la réponse de l’empereur. Il semble que la pétition à l’empereur vise surtout à forger l’identité collective du kometai , des paysans eux-mêmes.
La dicotomía ciudadano/esclavo y el comportamiento de los aporoi en las guerras serviles tardorrepublicanas: contradicción entre ideología dominante y praxis popular
Authors: Piantanida Fernando Martín
Published: September 2021

Le but de cet article est d’expliquer pourquoi la participation des hommes libres aux guerres serviles constitue un problème historiographique et de fournir un cadre propice pour développer son étude. À cette fin, nous retraçons les principales caractéristiques d’une représentation idéologique qui avait une importance significative dans la pensée des anciens Grecs et Romains de l’époque classique : l’antinomie esclavage/liberté. Selon cet imaginaire, les esclaves-marchands étaient des étrangers, les « autres » contre lesquels tous les citoyens (aussi bien les riches propriétaires d’esclaves que les pauvres artisans et paysans) se définissaient en unité. Le contraste entre l’esclave et le citoyen a permis de nuancer, d’un point de vue idéologique, les relations d’exploitation et les différences de richesse entre les citoyens, tendant à supprimer le conflit social entre eux. Nous soutenons que c’est en fonction de cette idéologie de classification sociale binaire qu’il est possible de comprendre pleinement la nature problématique et contradictoire du comportement des pauvres libres ( aporoi ) dans les guerres serviles, qui ont ignoré cette dichotomie.
Les proximités, un cadre d’analyse de l’environnement de contrôle à l’Université
Authors: Verdier Cyril , Mériade Laurent , Talbot Damien
Published: September 2021

Peu de travaux de recherche étudient les relations entre les pratiques de contrôle de gestion et leur environnement sous l’angle d’un package . Cet article examine les effets de l’environnement de contrôle sur les pratiques de contrôle de gestion à l’université. En mobilisant le cadre théorique de l’École de la Proximité, nous montrons la pertinence de lire l’environnement de contrôle à travers les diverses dimensions (géographique, organisationnelle, institutionnelle, cognitive et sociale) que peut prendre la proximité entre les acteurs du contrôle. Cette lecture est illustrée par une étude de cas réalisée dans une université française. L’analyse de contenu d’interviews montre la relation omniprésente entre le contrôle et son environnement. Il nous permet de recenser, au sein d’un package de contrôle, des effets de l’environnement de contrôle sur les pratiques, issus des cinq dimensions (géographique, organisationnelle, institutionnelle, cognitive et sociale) de la proximité.
Psychothérapie pour jeunes psychothérapeutes : finalité personnelle ou professionnelle ?
Authors: Chieze Marie
Published: September 2021

Devenir psychothérapeute nécessite de réaliser une thérapie personnelle. Cet article réfléchit sur cette exigence d’un point de vue subjectif. Ma thérapie a permis une croissance personnelle et la découverte d’une vocation. La constance et l’implication du thérapeute ont été des clés de changement. La compréhension de ces éléments fondamentaux pour la mise en place d’une thérapie s’apparente à une « thérapie dans une thérapie » – ou image en miroir – et rejoint le mythe jungien du guérisseur blessé. La thérapie personnelle paraît importante pour éclairer les parts d’ombres du thérapeute et lui permettre d’aider autrui sans le risque d’être pris par elles. Il semble ainsi que ce soit le développement personnel d’une personne, qui, de par la conscientisation des mouvements qui l’habitent, peut secondairement lui permettre d’exercer la fonction de thérapeute auprès d’autrui.
Antibody conjugated magnetic nanoparticle based colorimetric assay for the detection and quantification of aflatoxin B1 in wheat grains
Authors: Kumari R. , Jaiswal H. , Chowdhury T. , Ghosh A.K.
Published: September 2021

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a most potent carcinogenic secondary metabolite produced byAspergillus flavus. As a food safety concern, development of a rapid, cost effective, sensitive and easy to use method for the detection of aflatoxin is of prime requirement. In this study, AFB1 was conjugated with bovine serum albumin (BSA), and AFB1-BSA conjugate was purified by HPLC. Purification was confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The polyclonal antibody was raised against AFB1-BSA conjugate in rabbit and purified by protein A sepharose and BSA sepharose affinity columns. Iron oxide nanoparticles (MNPs) were synthesised by co-precipitation method and their surface was functionalised with (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES). Size of APTES conjugated MNPs was determined by electron microscopy, and characterised by several biophysical techniques. The purified anti-AFB1 antibody was conjugated with surface functionalised MNPs and the conjugation was confirmed by determining the sizes of free and antibody conjugated MNPs by field emission scanning electron microscope where increase of particle sizes from 10-20 to 40-50 nm was observed due to antibody conjugation. Anti-AFB1 antibody conjugated MNPs were used for capturing AFB1 from the aflatoxin spiked wheat grains with a recovery percentage of more than 80% and used effectively five times. The captured AFB1 was then quantified by a sensitive colorimetric assay where colourless AFB1 was first converted into coumaric acid by NaOH. Subsequently, coumaric acid reacted with 2,6-dibromoquinone-4-chloroimide (DBQC) to a green-coloured indophenol product which was quantified spectrophotometrically. AFB1 contamination as low as 2 μg/kg in wheat grains was detected by the developed technique suggesting its potential application for both qualitative and quantitative analysis of aflatoxins present in feed and food materials.
Evaluation of water and soil qualities for giant freshwater prawn farming site suitability by using the AHP and GIS approaches in Jelebu, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
Authors: Abdullah Rosazlin ,   Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Begham Mustafa Firuza , Bhassu Subha , Amirah Azhar Nur Aziaty , Bwadi Benjamin Ezekiel , Ahmad Nur Syabeera Begum Nasir , Ajeng Aaronn Avit ,   Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,   Department of Geography, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,   Department of Geography, Taraba State University, PMB 1167, Jalingo, Nigeria
Published: September 2021

Water and soil qualities play significant roles in the farming of giant freshwater prawn. The study evaluated water and soil qualities for giant freshwater prawn farming site suitability by using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geographic Information System (GIS) in Jelebu, Malaysia. The water quality parameters measured were biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, pH, dissolved oxygen, water temperature, total suspended solids, nitrite concentration and phosphate concentration, meanwhile soil qualities investigated were land use, slope, pH, texture, organic carbon and organic matter. Site suitability analysis can assist to identify the best location for prawn production. Specialist's opinions were used to rank the level of preference and significance of each of the parameter while the pairwise comparison matrix was applied to calculate the weight of each parameter for prawn farming. There are about 45.41% of the land was most suitable, 28.89% was moderately suitable while 25.69% was found unsuitable for prawn farming. The combination of AHP and GIS could give a better database and guide map for planners and decision-makers to take more rewarding decisions when apportioning the land for prawn farming, for better productivity.
Generalized conformable operators: Application to the design of nonlinear observers
Authors: Meléndez-Vázquez Fidel ,   Department of Physics and Mathematics, Universidad Iberoamericana, Ciudad de México, Prol. Paseo de la Reforma 880, Lomas de Santa Fe, Álvaro Obregón, Mexico City 01219, México, Fernández-Anaya Guillermo , Muñóz-Vázquez Aldo Jonathan , Hernández-Martínez Eduardo Gamaliel ,   Department of Multidisciplinary Engineering, Texas A & M University, Higher Education Center, 6200 Tres Lagos Blvd., McAllen, TX 78504, USA,   Institute of Applied Research and Technology, Universidad Iberoamericana, Ciudad de México, Prol. Paseo de la Reforma 880, Lomas de Santa Fe, Álvaro Obregón, Mexico City 01219, México
Published: September 2021

In this work, a pair of observers are proposed for a class of nonlinear systems whose dynamics involve a generalized differential operator that encompasses the conformable derivatives. A generalized conformable exponential stability function, based on this derivative, is introduced in order to prove some Lyapunov-like theorems. These theorems help to verify the stability of the observers proposed, which is exponential in a generalized sense. The performance of the observation scheme is evaluated by means of numerical simulations. Moreover, a comparison of the results obtained with integer, fractional, and generalized conformable derivatives is made.
Crossing time windows optimization based on mutual information for hybrid BCI
Authors: Meng Ming ,   Institute of Intelligent Control and Robotics, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China, Dai Luyang , She Qingshan , Ma Yuliang , Kong Wanzeng ,   Key Laboratory of Brain Machine Collaborative Intelligence of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310018, China
Published: September 2021

Hybrid EEG-fNIRS brain-computer interface (HBCI) is widely employed to enhance BCI performance. EEG and fNIRS signals are combined to increase the dimensionality of the information. Time windows are used to select EEG and fNIRS singles synchronously. However, it ignores that specific modal signals have their own characteristics, when the task is stimulated, the information between the modalities will mismatch at the moment, which has a significant impact on the classification performance. Here we propose a novel crossing time windows optimization for mental arithmetic (MA) based BCI. The EEG and fNIRS signals were segmented separately by sliding time windows. Then crossing time windows (CTW) were combined with each one segment from EEG and fNIRS selected independently. Furthermore, EEG and fNIRS features were extracted using Filter Bank Common Spatial Pattern (FBCSP) and statistical methods from each sample. Mutual information was calculated for FBCSP and statistical features to characterize the discrimination of crossing time windows, and the optimal window would be selected based on the largest mutual information. Finally, a sparse structured framework of Fisher Lasso feature selection (FLFS) was designed to select the joint features, and conventional Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) was employed to perform classification. We used proposed method for a MA dataset. The classification accuracy of the proposed method is 92.52 ± 5.38% and higher than other methods, which shows the rationality and superiority of the proposed method.
Optimization strategies of human mobility during the COVID-19 pandemic: A review
Authors: Biswas Soumyajyoti ,   Department of Physics, SRM University, AP-Amaravati 522502, Andhra Pradesh, India, Mandal Amit Kr ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, SRM University-AP, Andhra Pradesh 522502, India
Published: September 2021

The impact of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is being felt in all spheres of our lives – cutting across the boundaries of nation, wealth, religions or race. From the time of the first detection of infection among the public, the virus spread though almost all the countries in the world in a short period of time. With humans as the carrier of the virus, the spreading process necessarily depends on the their mobility after being infected. Not only in the primary spreading process, but also in the subsequent spreading of the mutant variants, human mobility plays a central role in the dynamics. Therefore, on one hand travel restrictions of varying degree were imposed and are still being imposed, by various countries both nationally and internationally. On the other hand, these restrictions have severe fall outs in businesses and livelihood in general. Therefore, it is an optimization process, exercised on a global scale, with multiple changing variables. Here we review the techniques and their effects on optimization or proposed optimizations of human mobility in different scales, carried out by data driven, machine learning and model approaches.
Automatic parcellation of resting-state cortical dynamics by iterative community detection and similarity measurements
Authors: Lee Tien-Wen ,   The Neuro Cognitive Institute (NCI) Clinical Research Foundation, NJ 07856, US, Tramontano Gerald ,   Department of Psychiatry, Dajia Lee's General Hospital, Lee's Medical Corporation, Taichung 43748, Taiwan
Published: September 2021

To investigate the properties of a large-scale brain network, it is a common practice to reduce the dimension of resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data to tens to hundreds of nodes. This study presents an analytic streamline that incorporates modular analysis and similarity measurements (MOSI) to fulfill functional parcellation (FP) of the cortex. MOSI is carried out by iteratively dividing a module into sub-modules (via the Louvain community detection method) and unifying similar neighboring sub-modules into a new module (adjacent sub-modules with a similarity index <0.05) until the brain modular structures of successive runs become constant. By adjusting the gamma value, a parameter in the Louvain algorithm, MOSI may segment the cortex with different resolutions. rs-fMRI scans of 33 healthy subjects were selected from the dataset of the Rockland sample. MOSI was applied to the rs-fMRI data after standardized pre-processing steps. The results indicate that the parcellated modules by MOSI are more homogeneous in content. After reducing the grouped voxels to representative neural nodes, the network structures were explored. The resultant network components were comparable with previous reports. The validity of MOSI in achieving data reduction has been confirmed. MOSI may provide a novel starting point for further investigation of the network properties of rs-fMRI data. Potential applications of MOSI are discussed.
Science Missions of the Korean Lunar Exploration Program
Authors: KIM Joo Hyeon
Published: September 2021

The Korea Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter (KPLO), which is the Korean first lunar and space exploration spacecraft, will be launched in August 2022 and arrive in a lunar orbit in December 2022. The KPLO will carry out nominal missions while in a lunar polar orbit an ~100-km altitude for one year. The KPLO has five lunar science mission payloads and one technology demonstration payload in order to achieve their own science and technology goals. The science payloads consist of four Korean domestic instruments and one internationally collaborated science instrument for scientific investigations on the lunar surface and in a space environment. The Korean dometstic science instruments are the gamma-ray spectrometer named KGRS, the wide-angle polarimetric camera named PolCam, the fluxgate magnetometer named KMAG, and the high resolution camera named LUTI. The name of the internationally collaborated science instrument is ShandowCam, which was developed by Arizona State University, U.S., and funded and managed by NASA. The science data acquired by the science payloads will be released to the public in order to enhance scientific and educational achievements. The science data acquired by each science instrument will be archived and released through the web sites of the KPDS (KARI Planetary Data System) for the Korean science instruments and the NASA PDS (Planetary Data System) for the internationally collaborated science instrument.
Scientific Goals of Rendezvous Mission to Apophis
Authors: KIM Myung-Jin
Published: September 2021

The asteroid Apophis is one of the most potentially hazardous objects to Earth in human history, and many countries are paying attention to its 2029 approach to Earth. The asteroid’s 2029 encounter will not only greatly help promote understanding of the asteroid itself, but will also be a great opportunity to acquire knowledge of this Earth-threatening asteroid. The KASI (Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute) is now conducting a pre-phase A study for the rendezvous mission to Apophis. In this article, I would like to explain the importance of research on the asteroid Apophis and address the scientific goals of this exploration mission.
Les réseaux sociaux numériques comme milieu pour le développement professionnel ?
Authors: Pintus Christine , Ladage Caroline
Published: September 2021

Nous questionnons la place qu’occupent les réseaux sociaux et la communication numérique dans la professionnalisation et le développement des praxéologies infirmières. Nous faisons l’hypothèse que les différentes formes de communication par Internet via les réseaux sociaux peuvent contribuer au développement des praxéologies professionnelles infirmières. Nous cherchons à comprendre dans quelles conditions et sous quelles contraintes ces communications peuvent jouer une telle fonction. Un dispositif de recherche mixte basé sur une enquête par questionnaires (n = 520) et la constitution d’un corpus d’échanges issus de groupes de discussion sur des réseaux sociaux ont permis de confirmer le fonctionnement en communautés de pratiques et l’intérêt tant pour les étudiants que pour les professionnels. Ce résultat encourage la prise en compte du rôle des réseaux sociaux dans la formation professionnelle.
Implications des consultants qualité dans l’institutionnalisation du nouveau mode de pilotage du système éducatif chilien
Authors: Carpanetti Manuel González , Monceau Gilles
Published: September 2021

L’application des principes du New public management au sein de l’institution scolaire produit l’apparition de nouvelles professionnalités. Le Chili a été, à partir de 2003, l’un des premiers pays à généraliser des procédures de certification de ses établissements scolaires et à créer ainsi un nouveau secteur d’activité professionnel, celui de la consultation qualité. La recherche dont il sera rendu compte ici porte sur l’expérience d’un groupe de consultant.e.s qualité chiliens.Ces pratiques de consultations, les outils qu’elles mobilisent et les transformations institutionnelles qu’elles produisent constituent un nouveau terrain pour la recherche en éducation. Si de nombreuses publications portent sur la diffusion internationale du pilotage par la qualité dans les systèmes éducatifs, on n’identifie pas de travaux portant spécifiquement sur le travail réalisé par les consultant.e.s . Les résultats de notre recherche socio-clinique institutionnelle, intégrant un dispositif filmique, montrent comment ces consultant.e.s mobilisent les objets techniques qui constituent leur « boîte à outils » pour influencer l’implication des chefs d’établissement et de leurs équipes dans le processus d’institutionnalisation du pilotage par la qualité du système éducatif. Il s’agit donc aussi de montrer comment l’accompagnement des établissements scolaires vers la certification de la qualité agit sur l’implication des consultant.e.s eux-mêmes.
Comprendre le développement humain comme un processus écologique de traduction
Authors: Simonian Stéphane , Magogeat Quentin
Published: September 2021

Deux phénomènes interdépendants sont ici questionnés : ce qui permet, écologiquement, la mise en relation sujet-environnement puis, la dynamique de cette mise en relation. Pour ce faire, deux courants scientifiques sont mobilisés : l’affordance dans son acception actuelle et la sociologie de la traduction. Si chacun de ces courants à sa propre sémantique et épistémologie, tous deux initient des ruptures dans la manière d’appréhender ce qui se produit au sein d’une activité humaine et concourent à une approche écologique basée sur un principe fondamental : toute activité humaine est située et dynamique, caractérisant les processus mis en œuvre par les acteurs en fonction des propriétés, pour parties, perçues de leur environnement socioculturel. Toute logique déterministe est alors mise de côté pour placer, sur un même plan, l’ensemble des entités dynamiques présentes au sein d’un environnement, qu’elles soient perçues ou non par les acteurs de terrain.
Explorer le familier comme un « nouveau terrain »
Authors: Huez Julitte , Monceau Gilles
Published: September 2021

L’article propose de considérer les tensions professionnelles et les contradictions institutionnelles vécues par les enseignant.e.s-chercheur.e.s (EC) comme un « nouveau terrain » à la fois familier et peu exploré scientifiquement. Si les recherches sur l’enseignement supérieur sont nombreuses, très peu prennent en compte le fait que les chercheur.e.s qui les ont menées sont impliqué.e.s dans leur objet. Ces enquêtes sont souvent conduites selon une posture de distanciation qui écarte de l’analyse l’expérience et le vécu professionnel de leurs auteur.e.s, pourtant impliqué.e.s eux.elles aussi dans le métier. Après avoir identifié et mis en regard certaines publications portant sur le sujet, nous rendrons compte d’une investigation socio-clinique s’appuyant sur l’expérience d’un GEASE (Groupe d’entraînement à l’analyse des situations éducatives) mené avec un groupe d’EC débutant.e.s d’une part et sur des entretiens collectifs menés avec des EC de différents établissements, disciplines, statuts et genres d’autre part. Deux séances de restitution, mêlant des participant.e.s au GEASE et aux entretiens collectifs, ont complété le dispositif.
Risco Sistêmico e a Convergência das Práticas Contábeis: Um Estudo da Relação em Países Integrantes do ANZCERTA, do BRICS e do G7
Authors: Santiago Josicarla Soares , Cavalcante Paulo Roberto Nóbrega , Paulo Edilson
Published: September 2021

Este trabalho analisou o impacto da adoção das IFRS no Risco Sistêmico em 11 países integrantes do ANZCERTA, BRICS e G7, no recorte temporal de 2000 a 2015, partindo dos pressupostos que a adoção da IFRS pode afetar a qualidade da informação contábil e a informação contábil tem relação com o risco sistêmico. Nesse sentido, para se analisar essa relação, foram definidos, como amostra, os seguintes países: Canadá; França; Alemanha; Reino Unido; Itália; Brasil; Rússia; China; África do Sul; Nova Zelândia e Austrália. Assim, para a estimação dos Betas dinâmicos dos mercados, representantes do risco sistêmico, foram coletados os índices de mercado principais dos 11 países estabelecidos como amostra. Os dados acerca dos índices foram coletados a partir do Yahoo Finance. Os cálculos dos retornos tomaram como base o índice mundial MSCI e o índice de cada país, para, então, chegar na estimação do Beta. Para isso, utilizou-se o modelo GARCH no período de janeiro de 2000 a setembro de 2015. No estudo do Beta estimado no Pré e Pós-IFRS foi utilizada a regressão quantílica. Os resultados deste trabalho apontam indícios de que a adoção das IFRS afeta o risco, pois, embora o risco não tenha sido afetado na mesma direção para todos os países, houve diferença estatisticamente significante para a maioria. Observou-se, ainda, que os países se comportam diferentemente com relação ao Pós-IFRS – o que pode ser justificado por aspectos culturais e econômicos. Considera-se como principais contribuições dessa pesquisa a inferência que os sistemas contábeis com a adoção das IFRS estão fornecendo informações com maior capacidade informacional, refletindo na redução do risco de mercado.
Contradições e Práxis Institucionais no Desenho dos Controles Gerenciais em uma Empresa Familiar
Authors: Almeida Dalci Mendes , Lavarda Carlos Eduardo Facin , Gasparetto Valdirene
Published: September 2021

A pesquisa objetiva analisar as contradições e práxis institucionais no desenho dos controles gerenciais em uma empresa familiar. Foi realizado um estudo de caso em uma indústria de extrusão de alumínio, de um grupo empresarial familiar. Os resultados apontam que características de empresas familiares se fazem presentes na organização, como foco em resultados econômicos e não econômicos, liderança enraizada e de longa duração, parcialmente intuitiva e emocional, e gestores familiares capacitados no trabalho. Houve contradições de ineficiência técnica dos controles gerenciais com maior intensidade, mas a incompatibilidade institucional e o desalinhamento de interesses em menor espectro, que levaram a práxis dos gestores familiares e não familiares, ou seja, momentos reflexivos, ativos e ação multilateral, desenhando os controles gerenciais na gestão familiar, em relação às características da informação e técnicas de controle, que são consideradas tradicionais, com foco no operacional. O estudo apresenta implicações teóricas, pois avança no framework de Seo e Creed (2002), ao abordá-lo no contexto de desenho (aspectos informacionais e técnicas) dos controles gerenciais considerando as características de retorno, liderança e gestão familiar, bem como implicações práticas, pois permite aos gestores de empresas familiares conhecerem os antecedentes do desenho dos controles gerenciais e melhor definir os mecanismos de controle.
Factors Influencing Information Security Policy Compliance Behavior
Authors: Ofori Kwame Simpe , Anyigba Hod , Ampong George Oppong Appiagyei , Omoregie Osaretin Kayode , Nyamadi Makafui , Fianu Eli
Published: September 2021

One of the major concerns of organizations in today's networked world is to unravel how employees comply with information security policies (ISPs) since the internal employee has been identified as the weakest link in security policy breaches. A number of studies have examined ISP compliance from the perspective of deterrence; however, there have been mixed results. The study seeks to examine information security compliance from the perspective of the general deterrence theory (GDT) and information security climate (ISC). Data was collected from 329 employees drawn from the five top-performing banks in Ghana and analyzed with PLS-SEM. Results from the study show that security education training and awareness, top-management's commitment for information security, and peer non-compliance behavior affect the information security climate in an organization. Information security climate, punishment severity, and certainty of deterrent were also found to influence employees' intention to comply with ISP. The implications, limitations, and directions for future research are discussed.
Cyber Security Competency Model Based on Learning Theories and Learning Continuum Hierarchy
Authors: Yaokumah Winfred
Published: September 2021

There is an urgent need for transformative changes in cyber security awareness and training programs to produce individuals and the workforce that can deal with business risks emanating from the prevailing and emerging cyber-attacks. This chapter proposes a cyber security competency model that integrates learning theories (cognitive, affective, and psychomotor), learning continuum hierarchy (awareness and training), and cyber security domain knowledge. Employing literature search of scholarly and practitioner works, together with cyber security standards from governmental and non-governmental organizations, the chapter integrates cyber security domain knowledge, learning theories, and learning continuum hierarchy to design a model of cyber security competencies suitable for use in educating individuals and the general workforce. This theoretical-based approach to designing cyber security awareness and training programs will produce skillful individuals and workforce that can mitigate cyber-attacks in the global business environment.
Cybersecurity Incident Response and Management
Authors: Sabillon Regner
Published: September 2021

This chapter presents a systematic literature review on best practices regarding cybersecurity incident response handling and incident management. The study identifies incident handling models that are used worldwide when responding to any type of cybersecurity incident. The authors highlight the importance of understanding the current cyber threat landscape in any incident response team and their standard operations procedures. The chapter provides guidelines for building a cybersecurity incident team in terms of incident categorization, capabilities, tasks, incident cost calculation, and metrics.
Lawful Trojan Horse
Authors: Mann Bruce L.
Published: September 2021

News outlets don't usually report on training methods in counter-cyberterrorism, particularly lawful trojan attacks. Instead they describe recent cyberterrorist attacks, or threats, or laws and regulations concerning internet privacy or identity theft. Yet Europe is looking to do just that to head-off the next major cyberattack by creating rules for how member states should react and respond. Several news outlets, for example, reported that Germany's Federal Criminal Police Office (BKA) were using a Trojan Horse to access the smartphone data of suspected individuals before the information was encrypted. Although the urge to strike back may be palpable, hacking-back can put power back into the hands of the suspect. The consensus now is that government action is preferable to hacking-back at attackers.
The Challenges and Solutions of Cybersecurity Among Malaysian Companies
Authors: Tamyez Puteri Fadzline
Published: September 2021

The objective of this chapter is to analyze the challenges faced by Malaysian companies in cybersecurity and to determine solution for Malaysian companies to overcome challenges in cybersecurity. The data were collected from the expert people in cybersecurity fields using interview sessions. The finding confirmed that the awareness and budget are very important in other to implement the element of cybersecurity in the company. Cybersecurity is good and desired as a protection for an organization in developing strategic planning to gain more profitability and increase the productivity of goods and services. This research will be beneficial for the organization because it will provide the solution for the company to overcome the cybersecurity issues. From this research, an organization can have potential to enhance competitiveness and understand the problem occur, then do the improvement by implementing cybersecurity.
Laying the Foundation for a Micro-Credential Strategy
Authors: Alvarez Michelle , Osborne Tracey F. W. , Mayeu Karen , Cullen Katie , Masterson Emily , Stevenson MaryEllen
Published: September 2021

In 2019, Southern New Hampshire University (SNHU or University) convened a Digital Credentials Lab (DCL) team to research, design, and pilot micro-credentials. The goal was to determine if there was a demand for this type of “alternative” learning experience in the market to see if it could be sustainable within the current higher education framework at the University. Through rigorous research, including both internal and external interviews, multiple pilots, and testing, the DCL sought to answer these questions and determine if micro-credentials could add more diversity to the SNHU catalog. In this chapter, the authors offer insight and experience, including findings from various pilots and learner feedback, to help inform other institutions that may be considering offering micro-credentials.
Digital Badges in Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Porto Stella , Leonelli Andrea , Coton Xenia , Useche Claudia , Olguin Pablo , D'Agostino Victoria Sofia
Published: September 2021

This chapter provides an overview of digital badge adoption by the Inter-American Development Bank both at the organizational level as well as for an external audience in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). It describes the value and impact of digital badges for an international multilateral organization, for its employees, and for its regional stakeholders. It discusses the challenges and opportunities of expanding the adoption of digital badges for the public sector in the LAC region. The authors believe the chapter will be of interest to policymakers in LAC, other international organizations with interest in areas of knowledge and learning, institutions of higher education interested in Latin American issues in education and training sectors, and other professionals in a variety of international settings.
Exploring the Core Features of UTeach Maker
Authors: Rodriguez Shelly R. , Harron Jason Robert , Chang Stephanie , Penney Lauren
Published: September 2021

UTeach Maker is a collaborative micro-credentialing program that supports preservice and practicing STEM teachers in developing the knowledge, skills, and professional networks needed to bring maker-centered learning opportunities to secondary STEM learning environments. This chapter describes the UTeach Maker program and unpacks four core features including (1) collaboration with field leaders to develop an open portfolio, (2) collaboration with peers and mentors to develop a supportive community, (3) collaboration with technical experts to promote skill building, and (4) collaboration with participants to develop a personalized experience. The chapter also highlights unique aspects of the program and explains how the UTeach Maker model can be adapted to support micro-credentialing initiatives in other contexts.
Using Digital Badges to Design a Comprehensive Model for High-Impact Experiential Learning
Authors: Huber Mara B. , Heath Christina L. , Baxter Charles D. , Reed Anne
Published: September 2021

This chapter details the design, implementation, and promise of the Project Portal, a co-curricular badge system, as an exciting example of how digital badges can transcend traditional notions of credentialing. The authors begin by detailing their design approach, which frames goals within hypotheses and research questions, allowing for optimizing implementation based on student outcomes and ongoing data collection. The authors then share a comprehensive model through five primary functional lenses: (1) generating diverse applied learning opportunities, (2) incentivizing, (3) facilitating and (4) assessing student engagement, and (5) leveraging related impacts. Although still in its infancy, the model suggests that these functionalities are individually important and collectively sufficient to activate the promise of high-impact experiential learning as a driver for student and community impact along with key institutional priorities.
Transformative Learning in an Online Environment
Authors: Cranton Patricia , Torrisi-Steele Geraldine
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this article is to explore the potential for fostering transformative learning in an online environment. It provides an overview of transformative learning theory, including the variety of perspectives on the theory that have evolved as the theory matured. Strategies and practices for fostering transformative learning are described, followed by a description of the online environment and how strategies for encouraging transformative learning might be carried into that environment. Students' voices are brought in to corroborate and, as it turns out to question the importance of these strategies. The article concludes with a focus building transformative relationships in the online environment.
Technology as Integral to a New Paradigm of Adult Education
Authors: Parker Judith
Published: September 2021

Technology and adult education are often discussed as two separate subjects yet just as it is impossible to live one day without the impact of technology, it is impossible to discuss adult education without considering technology. In the decades since the emergence of adult education as its own field of study and research, these two subjects have experienced substantial growth. However, in recent months, societal issues have forced the pace of this growth into unprecedented and sometimes uncomfortable expansion. The theorists and practitioners who have always been instrumental in moving the fields along were challenged to develop an entirely new paradigm. The issues and reactions will be considered in this article as the foundation for a paradigm shift in adult education. Since effective adult education involves not only information dissemination but communication and collaboration among its participants, online learning activities and entire online courses influence how we view the field itself.
HSDLM
Authors: Hasib Khan Md. , Towhid Nurul Akter , Islam Md Rafiqul
Published: September 2021

Imbalanced data presents many difficulties, as the majority of learners will be prejudice against the majority class, and in severe cases, may fully disregard the minority class. Over the last few decades, class inequality has been extensively researched using traditional machine learning techniques. However, there is relatively little analytical research in the field of deep learning with class inequality. In this article, the authors classify the imbalanced data with the combination of both sampling method and deep learning method. They propose a novel sampling-based deep learning method (HSDLM) to address the class imbalance problem. They preprocess the data with label encoding and remove the noisy data with the under-sampling technique edited nearest neighbor (ENN) algorithm. They also balance the data using the over-sampling technique SMOTE and apply parallelly three types of long short-term memory networks, which is a deep learning classifier. The experimental findings indicate that HSDLM is a promising and fruitful solution to working with strongly imbalanced datasets.
A Bio-Inspired and Heuristic-Based Hybrid Algorithm for Effective Performance With Load Balancing in Cloud Environment
Authors: Swarnakar Soumen , Bhattacharya Souvik , Banerjee Chandan
Published: September 2021

In a cloud computing environment, effective scheduling policies and load balancing have always been the aim. An efficient task scheduler must be proficient in a dynamically distributed environment and to the policy of efficient scheduling of jobs based upon the workload. In this research, a novel hybrid heuristic algorithm is developed for balancing the load among cloud nodes. This is achieved by hybridizing the existing ant colony optimization (ACO), artificial bee colony algorithm (ABC), and AHP (analytical hierarchy process) algorithm. The AHP algorithm and the artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm is used for figuring out the best servers suitable for a particular job, and the ant colony algorithm is used to find the most efficient path to that particular server. The proposed algorithm is better in resource utilization. It also performs better load balancing, which keeps on improving with time. The result analysis shows better average response time and better average makespan time compared to other two existing algorithms.