bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kerja dan Spiritualitas di Tempat Kerja Terhadap Perilaku Kerja Inovatif pada Pegawai UPTD Puskesmas Gombong II
Authors: Hanivah Nisa Dwi , Azizah Siti Nur
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh persepsi dukungan organisasi, efikasi diri, lingkungan kerja dan spiritualitas di tempat kerja terhadap perilaku kerja inovatif pada Pegawai UPTD Puskesmas Gombong II. Variabel dalam penelitian ini yaitu persepsi dukungan organisasi, efikasi diri, lingkungan kerja dan spiritualitas di tempat kerja sebagai variabel bebas dan perilaku kerja inovatif sebagai variabel terikat. Responden dalam penelitian ini yaitu pegawai UPTD Puskesmas Gombong II yang berjumlah 39 orang dengan teknik pengambilan sampel jenuh sehingga jumlah seluruh populasi digunakan untuk di jadikan sampel. Instrument atau alat pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini adalah menggunakan kuesioner. Alat analisis data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu analisis regresi linear berganda. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan terdiri dari uji instrument validitas dan reliabilitas, uji asumsi klasik, uji hipotesis dan analisis regresi linear berganda (skala likert). Alat bantu pengelolaan data menggunakan program SPPS 23.0 for windows 10. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa persepsi dukungan organisasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perilaku kerja inovatif pada Pegawai UPTD Puskesmas Gombong II. Efikasi diri berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perilaku kerja inovatif. Lingkungan kerja tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perilaku kerja inovatif. Spiritualitas di tempat kerja tidak berpengaruh perilaku kerja inovatif. Persepsi dukungan organisasi, efikasi diri, lingkungan kerja, spiritulitas di tempat kerja berpengaruh secara bersama-sama terhadap perilaku kerja inovatif.
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional dan Lingkungan Kerja Fisik Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan dengan Motivasi Kerja sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Putra Rian Aditya , Khasanah Nur
Published: May 2021

This study aims to examine the effect of transformational leadership and physical work environment on employee performance through work motivation as an intervening variable. The sampling method used was saturated sampling technique, namely taking the sample as a whole or all members of the population used as the sample. Respondents in this study were employees of the IT Department of PT. Gunung Raja Paksi Tbk, amounting to 35 people. This study used descriptive and statistical analysis methods. The validity test, reliability test, multicollinearity test, heteroscedicity test, normality test, correlation test, coefficient of determination, t test, path analysis and single test were carried out. Testing in the t test shows that transformational leadership has no effect on work motivation of employees of the IT Department PT. Gunung Raja Paksi Tbk, the physical work environment has a positive and significant effect on work motivation, transformational leadership has a negative and significant effect on employee performance, the physical work environment has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, work motivation has a positive and significant effect on performance, work motivation cannot mediate between transformational leadership and employee performance, and work motivation can mediate between the physical work environment and employee performance.
Difference between Metaphysics and Physical Applications; Comparison of Classical and New Patient Positioning
Authors: Tadaura Hiroko
Published: May 2021

Background: The linkage between metaphysics and applied physics is the key to creation. Realization of theories and concepts applied to nursing practice into technology is a theme in any age. This study compares the classical and new Patient Positioning in Nursing skills, which is clarified in the study comparing nursing textbooks worldwide in main countries and clarifies the difference of the academic concept metaphysically.

Methods: Design analysis charts were used by the researcher and analyzed until theoretical saturation based on textbooks, papers, and expert opinions. Differences are drawn using figures of abstraction and realization.

Results: The classical technique was an ergonomic technique considering the convenience of the nurse with the purpose concept of prevention for pressure ulcers and physical transfer. The new technology focuses that patients move by themselves, and the nursing side was only the assistant role. The technology with the purpose concept realized the support of physical, mental, and social aspects.

Conclusion: Traditional Patient Positioning’s are skills with two concepts and patterns, and new ones are individual and comprehensive creations with different concepts. The working energy (J) in changing positions has been traditionally provided by nurses or Transfer Devices, not patients, but the new practice is performed by patients themselves, and nurses are the supporters of the process.

KEYWORDS: Innovation,Design, Abstraction, Concreteness, Metaphysics
A Formação E O Trabalho Dos Engenheiros Civis No Brasil: Período 2015-2020
Authors: Souza Neide Liamar Rabelo de , Souza Célia Magalhães de , Campos Maria Aparecida Santos e
Published: May 2021

No século XXI inúmeros acontecimentos impactaram a sociedade brasileira, entre 2003 e 2014, o país experimentou uma expansão econômica e bem-estar social, com políticas públicas de longo prazo, programas de renda mínima, escolarização universal e habitações populares. Porém, em 2014 implantou a operação Lava Jato, que nos anos seguintes inviabilizou a continuidade de empresas na área da engenharia; acrescida de instabilidade política, econômica, empobrecimento da qualidade dos empregos e dos rendimentos das famílias. A sociedade enfrenta severa recessão econômica e desde o segundo mês de 2020, defronta com o contratempo advindo com a pandemia provocada pelo Covid-19. O presente estudo se apoia nas formas qualitativa e descritiva de revisão bibliográfica e documental. O objetivo consiste em analisar a formação e empregabilidade dos engenheiros civis no Brasil, profissão indispensável e prioritária para a coletividade. Os principais resultados foram: o impacto negativo para o segmento da construção civil e toda a cadeia produtiva pela redução dos gastos públicos em infraestrutura e grandes obras; a recessão econômica que atinge o setor produtivo em sua inteireza; a precariedade na remuneração do trabalho, em especial a partir de 2017, com impacto de força maior em 2020, com a pandemia pelo Covid-19.
Parameter Genetik Karakter Agronomi pada Galur F1 Padi Hasil Persilangan Galur Murni dan Kultivar Lokal Indonesia
Authors: Adi Eko Binnaryo Mei , Indrayani Sri , Burhana Nana , Mulyaningsih Enung Sri
Published: May 2021

Padi merupakan salah satu sumber karbohidrat utama bagi masyarakat Indonesia. Upaya pengembangan varietas baru sangat bergantung pada ketersediaan plasma nutfah sebagai sumber material genetik. Salah satu cara dalam pengembangan varietas baru melalui persilangan buatan untuk menciptakan keragaman dengan menggunakan kultivar lokal dan varietas/galur unggul. Tujuan penelitian ialah untuk mengeksplorasi korelasi, heterosis, aksi gen, dan heritabilitas arti luas pada delapan karakter padi, yang dapat digunakan dalam melakukan seleksi.  Kegiatan persilangan buatan telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan satu galur unggul dan empat kultivar padi lokal yang memiliki karakter beragam.  Empat populasi hasil persilangan (F1) ditanam menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan empat ulangan, serta lima tetua (galur unggul dan padi lokal) sebagai pembanding. Hasil perhitungan korelasi menemukan bahwa terdapat satu variabel yang menunjukan korelasi pada hampir semua karakter yaitu bobot malai. Heritabilitas tinggi terdapat pada karakter umur panen, panjang malai, jumlah gabah permalai, bobot 1000 biji dan tinggi tanaman. Persilangan yang menunjukan fenomena heterosis negatif ialah pada B14081H-296 x Salak dan Dampak x Carogol sehingga memiliki umur panen yang lebih pendek dari rata-rata kedua tetua dengan aksi gen dominan sebagian dan aditif.
Measurement of Dissipation Factor of Inner Layers of Insulation in Three-Core Belted Cables
Authors: Kostiukov Ivan
Published: May 2021

This paper presents a substantiation of an approach for direct measurements of dielectric dissipation factor of layers of insulation between the conductors of three-core power cables. Proposed approach is based on grounding of the inspecteddielectric layer through the sufficiently low electrical resistance. The results of carried out analysis, which was carried out taking into consideration the presence of numerous parasitic parameters of tested layer of insulation due to the capacitive coupling between the electrically conductive elements of three-core power cable, have shown that for the case of sufficiently low value of used resistor the value of phase shift between the waveforms of voltage drop on inspected layer of insulation and resistor, through which this layer of insulation is grounded, coincides with the value of phase shift between the sine waveforms of current and voltage for parallel equivalent scheme of tested layer of insulation with power losses. Because of the dependence of dielectric power loss angle on the value of phase shift between sine curves of current and voltage, the presented approach for the measurement of dielectric dissipation factor is based on such coincidence of values of phase shift. Depending on the value of applied resistor, the value of dissipation factor is calculated on the basis of measured value of phase shift between the voltage drop on the electrical resistor, through which tested layer of insulation is grounded, and either the waveform of voltage dropon the inspected layer of insulation, or the waveform of applied voltage. Factors that affect the accuracy of measurement are discussed, equivalent schemes of tested three core power cable for various ways of applying testing voltage are presented and theexample of practical implementation of presented approach for dissipation factor measurement is also given. Further development of presented approach for dissipation factor measurement is supposed to include the comparative analysis of the results of its practical implementation with the results obtained by applying previously developed techniques based on aggregate measurements.
国土空间规划功能定位与实施分析
Authors: 杨 玲
Published: May 2021

国土空间规划是通过对现有的国土空间的保护和合理、充分的利用，并且从资源、要素、结构、权利等方面进行的一项综合性、规范性、科学性的空间布局和规划，总的来说，它把各种科学合理的规划有机地结合起来，充分的实现对国土空间的全面、系统、整体的实施、管理和监督。目前我国已形成一套较为完善的、符合我国实际情况的规划体系，但在实施的阶段也出现了一定的问题，集中地表现在了规划的数量很多、种类也比较繁杂、各要素之间的关系也很混乱，各规划管理部门各自为政等等。现行规划管理体制已不适应新时期国土空间规划发展和改革的根本要求。为进一步深化改革，促进国土空间规划的进一步完善和发展，中央对政府部门进行了大刀阔斧的改革，成立了自然资源部，集中力量管理各类规划职能，为建立统一的国土空间规划体系奠定了一个坚实的基础。
浅析建筑工程造价审核的原则及其方法探讨
Authors: 戴 忠良
Published: May 2021

所谓工程造价，简单来说就是工程项目的总体价格，与此相关的交易活动产生的价格均在其内。从建筑工程的角度来说，若想保证成本控制在合理范围内，带来更为理想的经济效益，关键就是要将工程造价审核做到位。当然，此项工作涉及的内容是较多的，审核人员必须要履行好自身的职责，保证工程预算顺利完成，如此方可使得成本得到有效控制，同时能够将实际造价更为清晰的呈现出来，企业的成本核算也就会更加的准确。文中即对建筑工程造价审核展开深入探析，重点对可行的方法予以阐述。
Parenting Style and Adolescent Adjustment: Findings of a Cross-Sectional Study in Urban Dhaka
Authors: Bhuiyan Armina , Islam Md Ziaul , Riaz Baizid Khoorshid , Md Hamdullah -
Published: May 2021

Background: Adolescent adjustment is associated by parenting style as well as influenced by other factors of life. The objective of this study was to assess the association between parenting style and adolescent adjustment.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 360 adolescents (180 boys and 180 girls) between 15-19 years selected by systematic random sampling from two institutions. Data were collected by semi-structured selfadministered questionnaire after taking informed written consent. The research was conducted in full accord with ethical principles and by keeping in view of the objectives of the study.

Results: Among the students, majority (74.2%) were between 15-17 years. The mean (±SD) of age was 16.66 (±1.108). Regarding parenting style, majority, 40.0% parents followed permissive style, 25.8% and 25.3% followed authoritative parenting. Only 8.9%followed negligent parenting. Majority, 59.7% of the adolescent were well adjusted. Parenting style was associated with adolescent adjustment (p<.01). There was significant mean difference in adjustment between boys and girls showing better adjustment of boys than girls (p<.01). Logistic regression between parenting style and adolescent adjustment showed, adjustment was high (OR=6.3) in permissive parenting.

Conclusion: This study showed there is significant influence of parenting style in adjustment of adolescent boys and girls which is related to the adjustment in almost all areas of life.

JOPSOM 2020; 39(2): 8-13
ANALISA PERILAKU KONSUMEN : STRATEGI MEMENANGKAN PERSAINGAN BISNIS DI ERA EKONOMI DIGITAL
Authors: Santoso Rachmad , Munawi Hisbulloh Ahlis , Nevita Ary Permatadeny
Published: May 2021

Perkembangan teknologi informasi dan telekomunikasi yang terjadi dengan begitu pesatnya memberikan dampak yang cukup besar terhadap perilaku konsumen dalam memilih dan memutuskan untuk melakukan transaksi jual beli. Teknologi Informasi telah memungkinkan berbagai kegiatan dapat dilaksanakan dengan cepat, tepat dan akurat, tidak dibatasi oleh waktu dan tempat sehingga diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kinerja dan produktivitas. Peningkatan jumlah pengguna internet di Indonesia dari 30 juta orang pada tahun 2009 menjadi 171 juta orang pada tahun 2018 perlu disikapi dengan bijak khususnya bagi perusahaan yang ingin memenangkan persaingan bisnis. Perubahan perilaku konsumen terkait dengan cara memperoleh informasi dan melakukan transaksi jual beli harus dikaji ulang secara terus menerus agar diperoleh informasi yang tepat mengenai keinginan dan kebutuhan konsumen. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui perilaku konsumen dalam melakukan aktifitasnya khususnya aktifitas jual beli sebagai akibat perkembangan teknologi informasi dan telekomunikasi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuisioner yang dilakukan secara online (online) agar bisa menjangkau responden yang lebih banyak, lebih beragam, lebih luas sebarannya dan dalam waktu yang lebih cepat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya ketergantungan masyarakat terhadap internet yang berakibat adanya perubahan cara mendapatkan informasi dan perubahan perilaku dalam melakukan jual beli yang semula dilakukan secara offline menjadi online.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS PARIWISATA DI JOMBANG BERBASIS MOBILE (STUDI KASUS : DINAS PARIWISATA JOMBANG)
Authors: Huda Ahmad Nur Syahril , Balafif Nufan , Murtadho Mohamad Ali
Published: May 2021

Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) dibuat dengan menggunakan informasi yang berasal dari pengolahan sejumlah data, yaitu data yang berkaitan dengan posisi objek di permukaan bumi. Di kabupaten Jombang, juga memiliki tempat wisata yang banyak dikunjungi masyarakat dihampir seluruh Indonesia yakni : wisata makam Gusdur, dan kedung cinet yang sempat masuk salah satu Channel TV  yaitu Tranz TV dengan sebutan Grand Canyon Jombang. Permasalahan dari wisata yang ada di Jombang adalah arah penunjuk ke lokasi wisata serta wisata-wisata baru yang belum di ketahui oleh wisatawan baik local maupun dari manca negara. Sehingga terjadi keluhan dari wisatawan serta kurangnya pengelolaan data wisata dari Dinas Pariwisata Budaya Pemuda dan Olahraga Jombang karena banyaknya wisata yang belum terdaftar di Dinas terkait. Dari permasalahan tersebut muncul suatu gagasan untuk membangun suatu Sistem Informasi Geografis Pariwisata Jombang dibangun Menggunakan Metodelogi waterfall, dengan bahasa pemograman PHP , HTML, Jquery, sedangkan untuk database-nya menggunakan  MySQL, Selain itu dalam proses prancangan aplikasi ini menggunakan UML, Berdasarkan  hasil analisis dan pengujian dengan mengunakan Black Box Testing. Disimpulkan bahwa sistem informasi geografis pariwisata jombang berbasis mobile dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu solusi untuk dinas pariwisata dalam mempromosikan wisata yang ada di Jombang. Serta di dalam aplikasi ini terdapat fitur tambah data (wisata,kuliner,penginapan, dan dapat melihat deskripsi lokasi wisata. Hasil dari penerapan aplikasi Memudahkan pihak dinas untuk memberikan informasi wisata dan memudahkan wisatawan dalam mengetahui lokasi dan jarak tempu wisata.
ALGORITMA SUPERVISED LEARNING DAN UNSUPERVISED LEARNING DALAM PENGOLAHAN DATA
Authors: Abijono Heri , Santoso Puput , Anggreini Novita Lestari
Published: May 2021

Seiring dengan zaman yang semakin berkembang seperti saat ini, kini kita berada pada zaman yang mana teknologi menjadi satu hal yang paling penting dan tidak pernah terlepas dari kehidupan manusia. Dengan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi yang ada sekarang ini, semakin memudahkan kita untuk melakukan segala aktifitas. Dengan semakin berkembangnya teknologi informasi juga menghasilkan begitu banyak data yang dapat diolah, sehingga banyak informasi yang tidak terbuang sia-sia. Machine learning dapat digunakan sebagai sistem pengolahan data sehingga dapat mempermudah pengguna dalam mengolah informasi yang begitu banyak (big data), kemudian informasi ini dapat digunakan sebagai pedoman dalam berbagai bidang keilmuan yang membutuhkannya.
Ferrovias no Brasil: Projetos futuros e em andamento
Authors: Dantas André Augusto Nóbrega , Fraga Yuri Sotero Bomfim
Published: May 2021

A greve nacional dos caminhoneiros do Brasil em maio de 2018 foi apenas uma ilustração do cenário atual dos modais de transportes no país. A utilização dominante das rodovias em relação aos outros modais faz com que a logística e o transporte de cargas e passageiros em todo o território nacional seja precária e deficitária. O predomínio do modal rodoviário resulta na subutilização das ferrovias, um dos modais mais importantes no desenvolvimento de grandes potências mundiais, como Alemanha e Estados Unidos. Dessa forma, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar o cenário atual e futuro das ferrovias brasileiras. Para isso, foram pesquisads na literatura projetos futuros e em andamento desse modal de transporte no Brasil. Mesmo atualmente sendo bastante inexplorada, a malha ferroviária brasileira possui uma enorme potencialidade, que, para ser melhor aproveitada, é necessário que os investimentos sejam ampliados. Fazendo com que os projetos que estão sendo construídos e os projetos futuros possam ampliar a malha ferroviária do país.
Impact of deferred grazing on profitability of a hill country farm in north-western Waikato
Authors: Tozer Katherine , Howarth Steve , Sherlock Jon , Tarbotton Ian
Published: May 2021

Deferred grazing is a common management practice in which pastures are rested from grazing between mid-spring and the end of summer/early autumn. It has been used to rejuvenate pastures and better manage the spring pasture surplus although its impact on farm profitability is unknown. FARMAX was used to explore the impact of deferred grazing on profitability on a north-western Waikato beef and sheep hill country farm based on experimental data and likely management responses. The Base Scenario modelled farm profitability assuming spring surplus in a typical year. When 15% of the farm was deferred and it was assumed that the increased grazing pressure on the rest of the farm led to greater control of the spring feed surplus and improved pasture quality, there was an increase in ewe performance and the number lambs sold at target weight. Per head and total farm gross margins increased by 8%. Results demonstrate how the use of deferred grazing as a pasture management tool to increase resilience can also enhance livestock performance and profitability at the whole-farm level.
Disrupting Settler-Colonialism or Enforcing the Liberal ‘Peace’? Transitional (In)justice in Palestine-Israel
Authors: Browne Brendan Ciarán
Published: May 2021

The growing interest in ‘During Conflict Justice’ (DCJ) in areas experiencing ongoing, sustained violent ‘conflict’ has further demonstrated the confluence between transitional justice and liberal peacebuilding approaches. Nowhere so is this more evident than in the case of Palestine-Israel where an ongoing process of Israeli settler-colonialism in historic Palestine continues, with the further spotlighting of ‘justice’ issues that are longstanding and unresolved. This article critiques the application of TJ/DCJ in Palestine-Israel and calls for a radicalisation of its application so as to ensure a platforming of conversation around decolonisation. It does so by critiquing the impact of discourse, specifically the framing of the ‘conflict’ and focuses on the nefarious role of a liberal peace building agenda in Palestine-Israel, a process that has embedded a deeply unjust and inequitable status quo. An insight into several ‘top-down’ and ‘bottom-up’ strategies of TJ/DCJ in Palestine-Israel is provided, with the conclusion reached that; any TJ/DCJ praxis that does not platform meaningful conversation around decolonisation in the region will ultimately amount to the individualisation of ‘justice’ whilst failing to address root causes.
ANALISIS STANDAR PENILAIAN PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Mustopa Ahmad , Jasim Jasim , Basri Hasan , Barlian Ujang Cepi
Published: May 2021

Educational Assessment Standards ar ethe criteria regarding mechanisms, the procedures and instruments for assessing student learning outcomes. According to BSNP, the standardized assessment conducted by educators are to include general standards, planning standards, implementation standards, processing and reporting standards for assessment results as well as standards for the use of the assessment results. Each of these standards contained the principles and criteria established by the BSNP. Meanwhile, the assessment of learning outcomes carried out by educational units contains two main standards that must be considered, namely: the standard for determining class promotion and the standard for terminating graduation
What's the Half-Life of the Economic Vote? (About a Year and a Half)
Authors: Bailey Jack
Published: May 2021

Economic voting theory assumes that voters focus their attention on the recent past. Yet testing this assumption is difficult and past research remains inconclusive. I estimate voters' economic time frames using a new model that measures the economic vote and voter myopia at the same time. I show that voter myopia is real. After around a year and a half, economic voting effects half in size. After five years, they approach zero. Yet I find that even economic growth over the past 5 years affects how people vote nonetheless. This is because as economic time frames grow, so too do rates of economic growth. My findings have positive implications. Though they are myopic, voters appear able to hold governments accountable for economic management over the course of their tenure.
The Riemann Hypothesis
Authors: Vega Frank
Published: May 2021

Let's define $\delta(n) = (\sum_{{q\leq n}}{\frac{1}{q}}-\log \log n-B)$, where $B \approx 0.2614972128$ is the Meissel-Mertens constant. The Robin theorem states that $\delta(n)$ changes sign infinitely often. We prove if the inequality $\delta(p) \leq 0$ holds for a prime $p$ big enough, then the Riemann Hypothesis should be false. However, we could restate the Mertens second theorem as $\lim_{{n\to \infty }} \delta(p_{n}) = 0$ where $p_{n}$ is the $n^{th}$ prime number. In this way, this work could mean a new step forward in the direction for finally solving the Riemann Hypothesis.
A interiorização da saúde no Piauí: Parnaíba entre o fim do século XIX e meados do século XX
Authors: Marinho Joseanne Zingleara Soares
Published: May 2021

A proposta do artigo é analisar o processo em que o município de Parnaíba, localizado no norte do Piauí, realizou a sistematização dos serviços de saúde a partir das iniciativas públicas e filantrópicas, tornando-se destaque no interior do estado entre os anos de 1889 e 1945. A limitação dos serviços no setor da saúde piauiense foi uma condição que persistiu até a década de 1930, quando se verificou a sistematização do departamento de saúde, que passou a ser estruturado a partir da organização, controle e funcionamento dos estabelecimentos de saúde. Nesse contexto, a cidade de Parnaíba obteve expressão no fornecimento de serviços, inclusive se comparada à Teresina, capital do Piauí.
Entre a arma biológica e o “mosquito estadual”: cooperação Brasil-Cuba e as epidemias de dengue (1981-1988)
Authors: Lopes Gabriel , Lara Jorge Tibilletti de
Published: May 2021

O presente trabalho pretende abordar a reinfestação do Aedes aegypti e a (re)emergência de arboviroses urbanas, analisando a história do retorno e permanência do mosquito Aedes aegypti, a partir do início da década de 1980. Como marco inicial, estabelecemos a epidemia de dengue de 1981 em Cuba, que colocou a dengue hemorrágica como centro de uma controvérsia política sobre seu possível uso como arma biológica pelos EUA. A epidemia de dengue no Brasil produziu conflitos político-sanitários entre as esferas estadual e federal pautadas pelo ritmo do alastramento da dengue. As tensões causadas por ambos os processos aproximaram sanitaristas cubanos e brasileiros que buscaram fazer um balanço e encontrar soluções para as novas epidemias de dengue em reuniões e congressos científicos que reuniram pesquisadores, sanitaristas e médicos latinoamericanos como o Simpósio Internacional Sobre Febre Amarela e Dengue realizado no Rio de Janeiro em 1988.
“O médico não acreditou que eu tivesse contaminada”: gênero e relação médico-paciente na experiência da Aids
Authors: Vianna Eliza da Silva
Published: May 2021

O artigo tem como objetivo analisar a relação médico-paciente na experiência narrada da soroposi-tividade na autobiografia “Depois daquela viagem”, de Valéria Piassa Polizzi (1997). Minha hipótese central é de que o enfrentamento do diagnóstico e a elaboração da experiência com a Aids foi mediada e influenciada pela relação de poder entre os médicos e a paciente. Nesse sentido, ganham relevo os estigmas e a moralidade presentes na representação social da Aids desde os primeiros anos da epidemia, bem como alguns elementos historicamen-te associados ao gênero feminino.
Native microbial consortia improve maize shoot and root systems at early developmental stages in a seedbed assay
Authors: Guardiola-Márquez Carlos Esteban , Figueroa-Montes Melina Lizeth , Pacheco Moscoa Adriana , Senés-Guerrero Carolina
Published: May 2021

Background: Agriculture is a major contributor to environmental and soil degradation. Soil microorganisms are essential to improve plant growth, crop yields and stress-tolerance.

Objective: To characterize maize early plant-response in a seedbed setting to native consortia of isolated microorganisms from arid zones.

Methods: Sixteen fungal and 16 bacterial isolates from arid soils were identified by MALDI-TOF MS and confirmed using morphological characteristics. Ten biofertilizers were tested in replicates (n=100) in maize under seedbed conditions. Consortia were formulated based on growth promoting traits, including mainly Penicillium and Pseudomonas species. After 45 days, biofertilizers were evaluated according to plant height, and shoot and root fresh weight.

Results and Conclusions: Penicillium and Pseudomonas were the predominant genera identified. Most strains are potential candidates for biofertilizer formulation based on their growth promoting traits. Bacterial consortia mainly promoted plant caulinar development, while the combination of fungal and bacterial species markedly increased root development. Eight biofertilizer consortia from arid zones had positive effects at early developmental stage of maize under seedbed conditions compared to uninoculated plants.
Data Assimilation for Ionospheric Space-Weather Forecasting in the Presence of Model Bias
Authors: Durazo Juan , Kostelich Eric J. , Mahalov Alex
Published: May 2021

The dynamics of many models of physical systems depend on the choices of key parameters. This paper describes the results of some observing system simulation experiments using a first-principles model of the Earth’s ionosphere, the Thermosphere Ionosphere Electrodynamics Global Circulation Model (TIEGCM), which is driven by parameters that describe solar activity, geomagnetic conditions, and the state of the thermosphere. Of particular interest is the response of the ionosphere (and predictions of space weather generally) during geomagnetic storms. Errors in the overall specification of driving parameters for the TIEGCM (and similar dynamical models) may be especially large during geomagnetic storms, because they represent significant perturbations away from more typical interactions of the earth-sun system. Such errors can induce systematic biases in model predictions of the ionospheric state and pose difficulties for data assimilation methods, which attempt to infer the model state vector from a collection of sparse and/or noisy measurements. Typical data assimilation schemes assume that the model produces an unbiased estimate of the truth. This paper tests one potential approach to handle the case where there is some systematic bias in the model outputs. Our focus is on the TIEGCM when it is driven with solar and magnetospheric inputs that are systematically misspecified. We report results from observing system experiments in which synthetic electron density vertical profiles are generated at locations representative of the operational FormoSat-3/COSMIC satellite observing platforms during a moderate (G2, Kp = 6) geomagnetic storm event on September 26–27, 2011. The synthetic data are assimilated into the TIEGCM using the Local Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter with a state-augmentation approach to estimate a small set of bias-correction factors. Two representative processes for the time evolution of the bias in the TIEGCM are tested: one in which the bias is constant and another in which the bias has an exponential growth and decay phase in response to strong geomagnetic forcing. We show that even simple approximations of the TIEGCM bias can reduce root-mean-square errors in 1-h forecasts of total electron content (a key ionospheric variable) by 20–45%, compared to no bias correction. These results suggest that our approach is computationally efficient and can be further refined to improve short-term predictions (∼1-h) of ionospheric dynamics during geomagnetic storms.
Osteoarthritis-Related Degeneration Alters the Biomechanical Properties of Human Menisci Before the Articular Cartilage
Authors: Seitz Andreas M. , Osthaus Felix , Schwer Jonas , Warnecke Daniela , Faschingbauer Martin , Sgroi Mirco , Ignatius Anita , Dürselen Lutz
Published: May 2021

An exact understanding of the interplay between the articulating tissues of the knee joint in relation to the osteoarthritis (OA)-related degeneration process is of considerable interest. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to characterize the biomechanical properties of mildly and severely degenerated human knee joints, including their menisci and tibial and femoral articular cartilage (AC) surfaces. A spatial biomechanical mapping of the articulating knee joint surfaces of 12 mildly and 12 severely degenerated human cadaveric knee joints was assessed using a multiaxial mechanical testing machine. To do so, indentation stress relaxation tests were combined with thickness and water content measurements at the lateral and medial menisci and the AC of the tibial plateau and femoral condyles to calculate the instantaneous modulus (IM), relaxation modulus, relaxation percentage, maximum applied force during the indentation, and the water content. With progressing joint degeneration, we found an increase in the lateral and the medial meniscal instantaneous moduli (p< 0.02), relaxation moduli (p< 0.01), and maximum applied forces (p< 0.01), while for the underlying tibial AC, the IM (p= 0.01) and maximum applied force (p< 0.01) decreased only at the medial compartment. Degeneration had no influence on the relaxation percentage of the soft tissues. While the water content of the menisci did not change with progressing degeneration, the severely degenerated tibial AC contained more water (p< 0.04) compared to the mildly degenerated tibial cartilage. The results of this study indicate that degeneration-related (bio-)mechanical changes seem likely to be first detectable in the menisci before the articular knee joint cartilage is affected. Should these findings be further reinforced by structural and imaging analyses, the treatment and diagnostic paradigms of OA might be modified, focusing on the early detection of meniscal degeneration and its respective treatment, with the final aim to delay osteoarthritis onset.
Single-Entity Detection With TEM-Fabricated Nanopores
Authors: Yang Hongcheng , Saqib Muhammad , Hao Rui
Published: May 2021

Nanopore-based single-entity detection shows immense potential in sensing and sequencing technologies. Solid-state nanopores permit unprecedented detail while preserving mechanical robustness, reusability, adjustable pore size, and stability in different physical and chemical environments. The transmission electron microscope (TEM) has evolved into a powerful tool for fabricating and characterizing nanometer-sized pores within a solid-state ultrathin membrane. By detecting differences in the ionic current signals due to single-entity translocation through the nanopore, solid-state nanopores can enable gene sequencing and single molecule/nanoparticle detection with high sensitivity, improved acquisition speed, and low cost. Here we briefly discuss the recent progress in the modification and characterization of TEM-fabricated nanopores. Moreover, we highlight some key applications of these nanopores in nucleic acids, protein, and nanoparticle detection. Additionally, we discuss the future of computer simulations in DNA and protein sequencing strategies. We also attempt to identify the challenges and discuss the future development of nanopore-detection technology aiming to promote the next-generation sequencing technology.
Gender- and Age-Specific Associations of Visit-to-Visit Blood Pressure Variability With Anxiety
Authors: Zhou Jiandong , Lee Sharen , Wong Wing Tak , Leung Keith Sai Kit , Nam Ronald Hang Kin , Leung Prudence Shun Hay , Chau Yau-Lam Alex , Liu Tong , Chang Carlin , Cheung Bernard Man Yung , Tse Gary , Zhang Qingpeng
Published: May 2021

Background: There is a bidirectional relationship between blood pressure variability (BPV) and anxiety, but few studies have examined the gender- and age-specific effects of visit-to-visit BPV on incident anxiety. We examined the predictive value of BPV for the incidence of anxiety in a family clinic cohort.

Methods: Consecutive patients with a first attendance to family medicine clinics in Hong Kong between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2002, with at least three blood pressure measurements available thereafter were included. The primary endpoint was incident anxiety as identified by ICD-9 coding.

Results: This study included 48,023 (50% males) patients with a median follow-up of 224 [interquartile range (IQR): 217–229] months. Females were more likely to develop incident anxiety compared to males (incidence rate: 7 vs. 2%), as were patients of older age. Significant univariate predictors were female gender, older age, preexisting cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and gastrointestinal diseases, various laboratory examinations, and the number of blood pressure measurements. Higher baseline, maximum, minimum, standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV), and variability score of diastolic blood pressure significantly predicted incident anxiety, as did all systolic blood pressure measures [baseline, latest, maximum, minimum, mean, median, variance, SD, root mean square (RMS), CV, and variability score].

Conclusions: The relationships between longer-term visit-to-visit BPV and incident anxiety were identified. Female and older patients with higher blood pressure and higher BPV were at the highest risks of incident anxiety.
A20/TNFAIP3 Increases ENOS Expression in an ERK5/KLF2-Dependent Manner to Support Endothelial Cell Health in the Face of Inflammation
Authors: Angolano Cleide , Kaczmarek Elzbieta , Essayagh Sanah , Daniel Soizic , Choi Lynn Y. , Tung Brian , Sauvage Gabriel , Lee Andy , Kipper Franciele C. , Arvelo Maria B. , Moll Herwig P. , Ferran Christiane
Published: May 2021

Rationale: Decreased expression and activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in response to inflammatory and metabolic insults is the hallmark of endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction that preludes the development of atherosclerosis and hypertension. We previously reported the atheroprotective properties of the ubiquitin-editing and anti-inflammatory protein A20, also known as TNFAIP3, in part through interrupting nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and interferon signaling in EC and protecting these cells from apoptosis. However, A20's effect on eNOS expression and function remains unknown. In this study, we evaluated the impact of A20 overexpression or knockdown on eNOS expression in EC, at baseline and after tumor necrosis factor (TNF) treatment, used to mimic inflammation.

Methods and Results: A20 overexpression in human coronary artery EC (HCAEC) significantly increased basal eNOS mRNA (qPCR) and protein (western blot) levels and prevented their downregulation by TNF. Conversely, siRNA-induced A20 knockdown decreased eNOS mRNA levels, identifying A20 as a physiologic regulator of eNOS expression. By reporter assays, using deletion and point mutants of the human eNOS promoter, and knockdown of eNOS transcriptional regulators, we demonstrated that A20-mediated increase of eNOS was transcriptional and relied on increased expression of the transcription factor Krüppel-like factor (KLF2), and upstream of KLF2, on activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5). Accordingly, ERK5 knockdown or inhibition significantly abrogated A20's ability to increase KLF2 and eNOS expression. In addition, A20 overexpression in HCAEC increased eNOS phosphorylation at Ser-1177, which is key for the function of this enzyme.

Conclusions: This is the first report demonstrating that overexpression of A20 in EC increases eNOS transcription in an ERK5/KLF2-dependent manner and promotes eNOS activating phosphorylation. This effect withstands eNOS downregulation by TNF, preventing EC dysfunction in the face of inflammation. This novel function of A20 further qualifies its therapeutic promise to prevent/treat atherosclerosis.
Seafloor Methane Seepage Related to Salt Diapirism in the Northwestern Part of the German North Sea
Authors: Römer Miriam , Blumenberg Martin , Heeschen Katja , Schloemer Stefan , Müller Hendrik , Müller Simon , Hilgenfeldt Christian , Barckhausen Udo , Schwalenberg Katrin
Published: May 2021

This study focuses on seafloor methane seep sites and their distribution in the northwestern part of the German North Sea. Methane seepage is a common phenomenon along marine shelves and known to occur in the North Sea, but proof of their existence was lacking in the study area. Using a ship-based multibeam echosounder we detected a minimum of 166 flares that are indicative for free gas releases from the seafloor in the German “Entenschnabel” area, which are not related to morphologic expressions at the seafloor. However, a group of small depressions was detected lacking water column anomalies but with indications of dissolved fluid release. Spatial analysis revealed that flares were not randomly distributed but show a relation to locations of subsurface salt diapirs. More than 60% of all flares were found in the vicinity of the salt diapir “Berta”. Dissolved methane concentrations of ∼100 nM in bottom waters were ten times the background value in the “Entenschnabel” area (CH4< 10 nM), supporting the finding of enhanced seepage activity in this part of our study area. Furthermore, locations of flares were often related to acoustic blanking and high amplitude reflections in sediment profiler echograms, most prominently observed at location Berta. These hydroacoustic signatures are interpreted to result from increased free gas concentrations in the sediments. Electromagnetic seabed mapping depicts local sediment conductivity anomalies below a flare cluster at Berta, which can be explained by small amounts of free gas in the sediment. In our area of interest, ten abandoned well sites were included in our mapping campaign, but flare observations were spatially not related to these wells. Naturally seeping methane is presumably transported to the seafloor along sub-vertical faults, which have formed concurrently to the updoming salt. Due to the shallow water depths of 30 to 50 m in the study area, flares were observed to reach close to the sea surface and a slight oversaturation of surface waters with methane in the flare-rich northeastern part of the working area indicates that part of the released methane through seepage may contribute to the atmospheric inventory.
Contribution of Land Water Storage Change to Regional Sea-Level Rise Over the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Karabil Sitar , Sutanudjaja Edwin H. , Lambert Erwin , Bierkens Marc F. P. , Van de Wal Roderik S. W.
Published: May 2021

Change in Land Water Storage (LWS) is one of the main components driving sea-level rise over the twenty-first century. LWS alteration results from both human activities and climate change. Up to now, all components to sea-level change are usually quantified upon a certain climate change scenario except land water changes. Here, we propose to improve this by analyzing the contribution of LWS to regional sea-level change by considering five Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) climate models forced by three different Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) greenhouse gas emission scenarios. For this analysis, we used LWS output of the global hydrological and water resources model, PCR-GLOBWB 2, in order to project regional sea-level patterns. Projections of ensemble means indicate a range of LWS-driven sea-level rise with larger differences in projections among climate models than between scenarios. Our results suggest that LWS change will contribute around 10% to the projected global mean sea-level rise by the end of twenty-first century. Contribution of LWS to regional sea-level rise is projected to be considerably larger than the global mean over several regions, up to 60% higher than global average of LWS-driven sea-level rise, including the Pacific islands, the south coast of Africa and the west coast of Australia.
Serum Uric Acid Concentrations and Risk of Adverse Outcomes in Patients With COVID-19
Authors: Chen Bo , Lu Chenyang , Gu Hong-Qiu , Li Yang , Zhang Guqin , Lio Jonathan , Luo Xiongyan , Zhang Lingshu , Hu Yidan , Lan Xiaomeng , Chen Zerong , Xie Qibing , Pan Huaqin
Published: May 2021

Background

Although hyperuricemia frequently associates with respiratory diseases, patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) can show marked hypouricemia. Previous studies on the association of serum uric acid with risk of adverse outcomes related to COVID-19 have produced contradictory results. The precise relationship between admission serum uric acid and adverse outcomes in hospitalized patients is unknown.

Methods

Data of patients affected by laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 and admitted to Leishenshan Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The primary outcome was composite and comprised events, such as intensive care unit (ICU) admission, mechanical ventilation, or mortality. Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the association between serum concentrations of uric acid and the composite outcome, as well as each of its components. To determine the association between serum uric acid and in-hospital adverse outcomes, serum uric acid was also categorized by restricted cubic spline, and the 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to estimate odds ratios (OR).

Results

The study cohort included 1854 patients (mean age, 58 years; 52% women). The overall mean ± SD of serum levels of uric acid was 308 ± 96 µmol/L. Among them, 95 patients were admitted to ICU, 75 patients received mechanical ventilation, and 38 died. In total, 114 patients reached composite end-points (have either ICU admission, mechanical ventilation or death) during hospitalization. Compared with a reference group with estimated baseline serum uric acid of 279-422 µmol/L, serum uric acid values ≥ 423 µmol/L were associated with an increased risk of composite outcome (OR, 2.60; 95% CI, 1.07- 6.29) and mechanical ventilation (OR, 3.01; 95% CI, 1.06- 8.51). Serum uric acid ≤ 278 µmol/L was associated with an increased risk of the composite outcome (OR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.18- 3.65), ICU admission (OR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.17- 4.05]), and mechanical ventilation (OR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.06- 4.28), as assessed by multivariate analysis.

Conclusions

This study shows that the association between admission serum uric acid and composite outcome of COVID-19 patients was U-shaped. In particular, we found that compared with baseline serum uric acid levels of 279-422 µmol/L, values ≥ 423 µmol/L were associated with an increased risk of composite outcome and mechanical ventilation, whereas levels ≤ 278 µmol/L associated with increased risk of composite outcome, ICU admission and mechanical ventilation.
DNA Methylation Patterning and the Regulation of Beta Cell Homeostasis
Authors: Parveen Nazia , Dhawan Sangeeta
Published: May 2021

Pancreatic beta cells play a central role in regulating glucose homeostasis by secreting the hormone insulin. Failure of beta cells due to reduced function and mass and the resulting insulin insufficiency can drive the dysregulation of glycemic control, causing diabetes. Epigenetic regulation by DNA methylation is central to shaping the gene expression patterns that define the fully functional beta cell phenotype and regulate beta cell growth. Establishment of stage-specific DNA methylation guides beta cell differentiation during fetal development, while faithful restoration of these signatures during DNA replication ensures the maintenance of beta cell identity and function in postnatal life. Lineage-specific transcription factor networks interact with methylated DNA at specific genomic regions to enhance the regulatory specificity and ensure the stability of gene expression patterns. Recent genome-wide DNA methylation profiling studies comparing islets from diabetic and non-diabetic human subjects demonstrate the perturbation of beta cell DNA methylation patterns, corresponding to the dysregulation of gene expression associated with mature beta cell state in diabetes. This article will discuss the molecular underpinnings of shaping the islet DNA methylation landscape, its mechanistic role in the specification and maintenance of the functional beta cell phenotype, and its dysregulation in diabetes. We will also review recent advances in utilizing beta cell specific DNA methylation patterns for the development of biomarkers for diabetes, and targeting DNA methylation to develop translational approaches for supplementing the functional beta cell mass deficit in diabetes.