bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Las consecuencias de la violencia filio-paternal reflejadas en una historia de vida
Authors: Trujillo Vargas José Jesús , Sahagún Navarro Marta , Cárdenas Rodríguez Rocío , Ramírez Giraldo Andrés Fernando
Published: January 2021

Los cambios existentes en la familia, unidos a un proceso de transformación social, han posibilitado que exista un fenómeno relativamente poco conocido como es el de la violencia ascendente, que se erige como una de las modalidades de violencia que más se vienen dando en dicho ámbito. En base al estudio de este fenómeno, en esta investigación hemos utilizado la técnica cualitativa de la historia de vida, apoyándonos en un diario de campo donde hemos tomado notas sobre nuestro quehacer diario a nivel terapéutico, en aras de mitigar los efectos de dicho proceso. En esta investigación se establecieron los siguientes objetivos: establecer la conexión que existe entre estilo educativo familiar y el uso de la violencia por parte del menor y evaluar en qué medida la terapia familiar mitiga el uso de la violencia por parte del menor. El modelo educativo familiar, junto a otras dimensiones1, determina que las situaciones de violencia se den de manera reiterada entre padres e hijos, existiendo refuerzos negativos continuos de ambas partes para mantener un ciclo recurrente de conductas, del que difícilmente se puede «salir» si no es a través de un proceso de terapia psicológica continuado.
A Vocation of Holiness
Authors: Turner Philip Stanley
Published: January 2021

There are many ways to source a theology of the Methodist Church of Great Britain. This article argues that a rooted, engaging, and dynamic British Methodist theology can be sourced from its doctrinal standards. The doctrinal standards are not only the legal basis of the church, but also an inspiration for Methodists seeking to understand their identity and purpose in our complex twenty-first-century context. The article shows how the doctrinal standards call British Methodists to a vocation of holiness and how John Wesley's forty-four Sermons and Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament illuminate this vocation. Research is highlighted that points to how presbyters can empower Methodists to embark on a journey to explore Methodism's ‘special vocation’.
¿Hacia dónde va la investigación en educación parvularia en Chile?
Authors: Alarcón Quezada Dina
Published: January 2021

En el entendido de que la educación debe ayudar a la humanidad a enfrentar los

desafíos que la realidad cambiante y el impredecible futuro presentan, se comenta un conjunto de investigaciones y experiencias realizadas por científicos de diferentes partes del mundo, las que aportan antecedentes importantes a considerar en la educación. Estos hallazgos se usan para contrastar una muestra de investigaciones realizadas en nuestro país desde el año 1981 en adelante, en el campo de la Educación Parvularia. De este análisis surge un conjunto de inquietudes y cuestionamientos que se recomienda considerar, entre otros emergentes en diferentes instituciones educativas, en futuras investigaciones en el

área.
La Educación para el Adulto Mayor y su Relación con la Sociedad
Authors: Romieux Olarte Michel
Published: January 2021

Al enfrentar el envejecimiento de la población como un problema social o asistencial, estamos cediendo ante los criterios burocráticos y renunciando a nuestros conocimientos sobre la sociedad y al concepto

fundamental de la unidad cultural como estructura y sistema.
La inevitable necesidad de la participación en la escuela (pública)
Authors: Llavador Francisco Beltrán
Published: January 2021

La mirada desde la filosofía política parece ser un buen punto de apoyo para superar las categorías puramente escolares que limitan las posibilidades de análisis y descubrimiento de nuevos horizontes en la inevitable necesidad de participación en la escuela que aquí se plantea. Situando la reflexión en el concepto de participación, se recoge su sentido originario en el dominio de la política, a partir de lo cual se argumenta que esta dimensión es parte de la naturaleza de lo escolar. Dado que esta participación escolar es necesariamente política, ella está relacionada con la reconstrucción democrática, con la constitución de identidades ciudadanas y con la educación.

Resulta inevitable que la participación en la escuela sea total, es decir, que no se hagan partes de la misma, ello exige ampliar el universo del espacio público, aquel de la comunicación y lo común, haciéndose cargo que aquello común de lo que hasta ahora nos hemos venido sintiendo parte se encuentra hoy por hoy desbordado.
La reforma de la educación media y un nuevo enfoque de la ciencia
Authors: Castro silva Eduardo
Published: January 2021

El nuevo régimen curricular de la enseñanza media que se introduce con la promulgación del Decreto Nº 220 que fija para este nivel los Objetivos Fundamentales y Contenidos Mínimos Obligatorios, plantea un cambio sustancial en los estilos de resolver pedagógicamente el carácter propio de la Enseñanza de la Ciencia. Se funda el cambio de perspectiva, en el reconocimiento de que un sistema de convivencia cada vez más regido por la impronta de la revolución científica

tecnológica y fuente de trascendentales y complejos desafíos para la vida humana personal y grupal, obliga a configurar calidad de enseñanza en que el saber científico se contextualiza y examina en función de sus significados sociales,

culturales y éticos. Teniendo a la vista este nuevo horizonte, el trabajo pone de relieve el nuevo paradigma curricular a partir de cuatro ideas fuerza: la distinción entre ciencia y conocimiento científico; la idea contemporánea de objetividad

científica, el concepto de alfabetización científica y, las articulaciones existentes entre ciencia, tecnología y cambio social.
Saber y conocer
Authors: Lolas Stepke Fernando
Published: January 2021

A José Ortega y Gasset pertenece una distinción que juzgo relevante para develar el estatuto de los saberes y por ende del conocer y del educar. Al comparar la ciencia con la investigación científica, Ortega concluye que entre ambas hay una relación análoga a la que existe entre un cuadro y la contemplación de él. "Estrictamente análoga a esta distancia entre la consistencia del cuadro, lo que él es en sí mismo y el paseo que sobre él dan nuestras pupilas para irlo captando, es la que existe entre la ciencia o sistema de las verdades y la investigación o sistema de actos subjetivos en que descubrimos, aprehendemos, entramos en posesión de las verdades" (1).(págs. 17-18).
Escuela y familia en Isla de Pascua
Authors: Llaña Mena Mónica , Alarcón Quezada Dina
Published: January 2021

Los desafíos fundamentales para el futuro de la educación en Isla de Pascua, así como en el resto del país, se centran en el problema de la calidad de la educación y su pertinencia.

Existe consenso en reconocer que los establecimientos a los cuales asisten estudiantes de etnias diferentes (aymaras, mapuches, pascuenses) no estarían entregando una formación acorde a esas culturas ni a la realidad socioeconómica

de las comunidades en las que se insertan.

Interesaba, por lo tanto, entregar antecedentes que ayudaran a fundamentar la toma de decisiones que contribuyeran a la labor integrada de la familia y escuela en una comunidad étnica.

Se intentó responder a la pregunta si los sistemas escolar y familiar coincidían en dimensiones importantes o eran incompatibles. Para ello se recogió información de todos los estamentos comprometidos: alumnos y profesores del Liceo Lorenzo Baeza, padres y familiares de los alumnos de niveles Pre-básica, Básica y Media y miembros representativos de la comunidad isleña. Las áreas consultadas se refirieron a su percepción del sistema educativo, niveles de satisfacción de la escuela, apoyo del hogar a la acción educativa, entre otras.

Proyecto DTI S/3136-0312
Inserción educacional postsecundaria en chile
Authors: Jiménez Saldaña Ana María
Published: January 2021

Los hallazgos aquí expuestos corresponden a una investigación presentada como tesis para optar al grado de Doctor en Ciencias de la Educación en la Facultad de Educación de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile y financiada por la

agencia estatal chilena FONDECYT, mediante el Proyecto Nº 2980025. Ella busca describir, comparar y explicar las inequidades y el sacrificio social en la inserción educacional postsecundaria. El problema central es dilucidar si las inequidades son básicamente socioconómicas o socioculturales, y especificar el peso de las variables moderadoras asociadas a ellas.

La relevancia del problema deriva de los desafíos educativos que conlleva la vigencia del modelo de Transformación Productiva con Equidad, propuesto por la Comisión Económica para América Latina de la UNESCO; la prioridad asignada

en las actuales políticas educacionales chilenas a la calidad y equidad del sistema educativo; la devaluación de la educación resultante del aumento de la cobertura y el nivel de escolaridad, según la cual, la educación postsecundaria deviene en foco principal de las desigualdades educativas; los antecedentes empíricos que muestran inequidades en la inserción educacional postsecundaria en Chile.

A partir del análisis del sacrificio social segmentado y de los posibles factores asociados, se espera, aporten un conocimiento empírico sobre la inequidad y la naturaleza de las inequidades en el acceso a la educación postsecundaria en Chile.

Este trabajo forma parte del Proyecto de investigación de Doctorado FONDECYT N° 2980025 Inserción educacional postsecundaria: inequidades y sacrificio social.
Editorial
Authors: Truffello Camponovo Irene
Published: January 2021

Presentación del número.
El Discurso de los Adolescentes Escolares: Discurso Sostenido acerca de la Libertad (2)
Authors: Romeo Cardone Julia , Llaña Mena Mónica
Published: January 2021

La educación en valores es una exigencia de la escuela de hoy; no hay acción educativa sin que exista -de algún modo- desarrollo de valores. En, ese contexto, también, en esta segunda etapa, la investigación sobre el Discurso de los Adolescentes Escolares interpreta las ideas de libertad que sostienen algunos jóvenes, buscando la aproximación a su cosmovisión.

Para estos efectos, en este período, se conformaron grupos de discusión, constituidos por alumnos y alumnas de establecimientos distintos, todos adscritos

a una Ilustre Municipalidad de la Región Metropolitana, respetando los criterios de homologación y heterogeneidad ya especificados anteriormente.

A través del análisis de los discursos producidos se pudieron recoger un conjunto de datas que reúne las opiniones de este tipo de adolescente, identificado como de ingreso económico medio-inferior e inferior. Éstas revelan, como en los casos ya presentados, la existencia de variados polos de tensión, pero no centrados ni de

preferencia en la escuela como agencia educativa, ni aun en la familia, como se observó en los colegios católicos de nivel medio-medio, sino trasvasando sus fronteras, a la cultura misma de los hábitat que configuran los macrocontextos de pertenencia, según sus propias percepciones.
Brechas de Calidad y Sistemas de Incentivos en Educación en Chile
Authors: Romaquera Gracia María del Pilar , Mizala Salces Alejandra
Published: January 2021

La situación del sistema educacional en Chile –así como en muchos otros países de la región presenta dos características que hacen necesaria la introducción de un sistema de incentivos: una estructura de remuneraciones de los docentes muy pareja, basada (hasta antes de 1996) sólo en escalas uniformes de remuneraciones con premios a la experiencia; y una enorme dispersión de la calidad en el sistema educativo.
Comentarios sobre Ponencias, Diálogos y Desarrollo Curricular
Authors: Silva Águila Manuel
Published: January 2021

La posibilidad de acceder a los sistemas formales del saber requiere de condiciones de equipamiento

simbólico desigualmente distribuidos en la estructura social de un país. En efecto, la adquisición de mecanismos de decodificación de las múltiples convenciones que enmarcan nuestra vida cotidiana está

mediatizada, entre otros, por los contextos en los que transcurre la niñez.

Ello implica que las competencias y habilidades de las personas para interactuar significativamente con los diversos medios que les circundan pueden poseer heterogéneos desarrollos, tanto en cantidad como

en calidad.

Ambos aspectos, los conocimientos y las habilidades cognitivas, constituyen fenómenos que pueden ser

aprendidos y enseñados. De hecho, los procesos de socialización primaria dotan a los sujetos de valores,

conocimientos y destrezas para instalarse en la vida social.

Frente a esta realidad debe operar el sistema escolar. De esta forma, los planes y programas de estudio ofrecidos deben contribuir a hacer accesibles, al conjunto de la población escolar, los bienes simbólicos, las creaciones sociales y culturales, los conceptos, habilidades cognitivas, valores y normas disponibles.
Consumo de Tabaco en Adolescentes Escolarizados
Authors: Canales Cerón Manuel , Luzoro García Jorge , Valdivieso Tocornal Pablo
Published: January 2021

Se publican los resultados de un estudio cualitativo, exploratorio y piloto, respecto a lo que habitualmente se entiende como factores culturales asociados al tabaquismo. Seis grupos diferentes de conversación con escolares entre séptimo básico y primero medio cubrieron la diversidad básica (mujeres y hombres, fumadores y no-fumadores), constituyendo una muestra que se reveló como

eficiente respecto a los principios de saturación y redundancia.

Los conceptos de sentido y discurso son formulados esquemáticamente como marco teórico-metodológico. Las conclusiones son presentadas en una reelaboración del análisis como comunicación crítica, procesando el sentido de lo regulado en la semiología del tabaquismo.
El Currículum como Desarrollo de Procesos Cognitivos y Afectivos
Authors: Román Pérez Martiniano , Díez López Eloísa
Published: January 2021

Los elementos básicos del currículum que siempre han existido son las capacidades y valores, los contenidos y los métodos / procedimientos. Según se organicen éstos el modelo de Escuela es diferente. La Escuela Clásica convierte los contenidos en objetivos y la Escuela Activa los métodos en objetivos. Hablar de enseñanza centrada en procesos, en este contexto, es imposible. Por el contrario afirmamos, en el marco de las Reformas Educativas actuales que las capacidades y valores se desarrollan por medio de contenidos y métodos. Y ello nos lleva a identificar las actividades como estrategias de aprendizaje, centradas en el sujeto que aprende y orientadas al desarrollo de procesos cognitivos (capacidades, destrezas y habilidades) y afectivos (valores y actitudes). Desde este nuevo paradigma socio – cognitivo hablamos del aprender a aprender para desarrollar el potencial de aprendizaje cognitivo y afectivo de los aprendices. La enseñanza centrada en procesos identifica al profesor como mediador del aprendizaje y mediador de la cultura social.
Rol de las educadoras en el apoyo a niños preescolares de familias separadas
Authors: Donoso Niemeyer Tania
Published: January 2021

La separación parental constituye un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo psicosocial de los niños. Durante este proceso, ellos deben enfrentar una serie de cambios en su entorno, como la alteración de las rutinas familiares, el desequilibrio emocional de los padres y la pérdida total o parcial de la relación con un progenitor. El nivel de estrés que experimentan depende de las características personales de cada niño, y de cómo los padres y otros adultos significativos manejen la situación, especialmente durante el primer tiempo del proceso de separación. Los niños preescolares tienen una fuente adicional de ansiedad, debido a que poseen un pensamiento transductivo, egocéntrico y causalista mágico, que les

lleva a construir fantasías de abandono y daño, y explicaciones donde se autoculpan por lo que ocurre en la familia. Por esta razón, se destaca la necesidad de apoyarlos emocionalmente y facilitar una comunicación fluida que los clarifique, tanto con los padres en la familia como en su Jardín Infantil. Un enfoque preventivo de las dificultades en el desarrollo de los niños preescolares involucra necesariamente a las educadoras de nivel prebásico, cuyo rol fundamental es, por un lado, contenerlos emocionalmente; y por otro, proveerles un ambiente estable, consistente y predecible, que les permita experimentar seguridad y un sentido de control sobre su entorno, que no tienen en sus hogares. Se proponen algunas estrategias para que las educadoras apoyen a los pequeños en esta situación.
Economía y educación
Authors: Aguilar Broughton Renato
Published: January 2021

Estas notas surgieron a raíz de una conferencia sobre Economía y Educación dada en el Departamento de Educación de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad de Chile en 1998. En esa ocasión tuvimos un vívido intercambio de ideas con los participantes, de donde surgió la idea de poner por escrito algunos de los temas discutidos en esa ocasión.
Reforma educacional y evaluación
Authors: Marchesi Ullastres Alvaro
Published: January 2021

Deseo comentar algunas pínceladas de lo que significan las reformas y el alcance de ellas. No me voy a referir a la Reforma Española, propiamente tal, puesto que creo que son contextos diferentes y, que tal vez, en el debate, lo podamos abordar, cuando competa, como situación homologable.
El discurso de los profesores sobre sus estrategias de enseñanza y la realidad del aula
Authors: Pérez Fuentes Fernando , García Zamorano Pedro
Published: January 2021

Daremos cuenta de una investigación en la que se elaboraron, aplicaron y evaluaron, en un centro educacional industrial, actividades basadas en el modelo de estrategias de aprendizaje que permite el paso de un estilo de aprendizaje superficial-reiterativo a uno elaborativo profundo. El modelo se basa en investigaciones del profesor Ronald Schmeck de la Universidad de Carbondale, Illinois y de los profesores Irene Truffello y Fernando Pérez, en Chile.
Income Diversification and Economic Welfare of Rural Households in the Volta Region of Ghana
Authors: Anaman Kwabena Asomanin , Adjei Kinsley Delanyo
Published: January 2021

We established the factors influencing income diversification, and the linkage between income diversification and economic welfare of rural households, in the Volta Region of Ghana, using data from 894 randomly-selected households, obtained through the latest round of the Ghana Living Standards Survey undertaken by the Ghana Statistical Service from October 2016 to October 2017. The overall household income diversification, measured by the Simpson Index was positively influenced by the age of the household head, remittances received by the household, and the size of the household. Using another measure of diversification, the number of income-based activities (NIBA), we established that the age of the household head influenced NIBA in a cubic fashion, similar to an S-shaped curve. Income diversification declined at very young ages from 17 to 31 years; it then increased from 31 years to 74 years before declining during the household head’s advanced age and retirement period. The positive drivers of NIBA included moderate levels of formal educational attainment, remittance, household size and electricity connection. We showed that income diversification influenced economic welfare only when used at moderate to high levels.
Returns to Investment in University Education - Economics Career at Continental University
Authors: Loayza Acosta Gustavo Ilich , Bernardo Reyes Naisha Alyssa , Calle Arancibia Margarita Elluz
Published: January 2021

The present work analyzes the returns to the years of superior schooling of graduates of Economics Career at Continental University within the labor market of the region Junín of the period 2019. For this purpose, the returns to education are investigated under the normal assumptions of Mincer's equation, and later the incorporation of the instrumental variable: school of origin is proposed, in order to correct the problem of endogeneity. Finally, to correct the problem of selection bias, Heckman's technique is used: two-stage regression. This consists of first analyzing the probability of accessing the labor market in the Junín region in terms of variables such as: geographic location, school of origin, age, direct costs. Subsequently, analyzing the return to years of schooling. Likewise, it is important to specify that in the modeling of the probability a second regression is estimated incorporating the variable Academic Grade in order to be able to study the Sheepskin Effect. The results obtained showed that the return to years of schooling is 0.8%, which is not significant and is not corrected for Heckman's selection bias. We also have that the R2 is 10.11% which is very low for this type of cross-sectional data. This result is explained by the degree of rootedness of the graduates in staying in the Huancayo province and the low migration to other labor markets. In addition, this means that they do not have better working conditions that can be transformed into higher income.
Monetary and Fiscal Policy in the Presence of Informal Labour Markets: A DSGE Approach
Authors: Adu Omobola , Alege Philip , Olurinola Oluranti
Published: January 2021

In this paper, we investigate the transmission mechanism of monetary and fiscal policy shocks on inflation and output in the presence of an informal economy in Nigeria. To achieve this, a New Keynesian Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model is modified to include informality in the labour and product market. The model is estimated using the Bayesian technique and the findings shows that in the case of a monetary policy shock, formal output tends to decline, while there is an expansion in informal output, at least in the short-run. The results also reveal that a fiscal policy shock brings about an initial decline in informal output. Hence, it is imperative for policymakers to strive to formalise the informal sector in order to ensure the effectiveness of monetary policy.
Constitutional nature and content of the right to restitution of an expropriated property
Authors: Zaradkiewicz Kamil
Published: January 2021

The Act of 4 April 2019 on amending the Act on Real Property Management added a provision temporarily limiting the possibility of demanding restitution of the expropriated property. On the basis of the new provision, the right of the previous owner or its legal successors to restitute the expropriated property has ceased to be of perpetual nature. This right may not be exercised, as it previously was the case, at any time, as it expires 20 years from the
date on which the decision to expropriate became final. This solution should be assessed negatively, as it deepens the non-constitutional nature of the statutory mechanism of restitution of expropriated real property, which makes the demand for restitution dependent on whether the public objective has been assumed (i.e. started to be implemented). If this is the case, then, in the light of the Real Property Management Act of 1997, the restitution of real
property can never be claimed, and therefore even if such an objective in the future ceases to be implemented (e.g. as a result of the end of the operation of the real property as part of a public investment). However, in the light of the constitutional arrangements relating to the guarantee of ownership, the right to restitution of the expropriated property should always be vested in the expropriated owner or his/her legal successors whenever the public objective justifying the expropriation has not arisen as well as when it ceased to be implemented. In any event, the condition for claiming restitution shall be a claim made by the person concerned and a return of an appropriate, indexed sum paid as compensation for expropriation. The constitutional principle of the protection of individual status of property of the owner results in the “conditionality” of the transfer of ownership by way of expropriation to the State or another entity.
Any existence and implementation of an appropriate objective justifying the expropriation for
a public purpose, grants of the ownership and its permanence on the part of these entities. As
a consequence, also the possible expiry date of the claim for the restitution of the property,
expropriated after the expiry of the public purpose, should run from the time of such expiry and
not from the moment when the decision about expropriation became final.
Gloss to the judgement of the Supreme Administrative Court composed of seven judges dated 28 October 2019, file reference I FSK 164/17
(infrastructure lease by the commune for the symbolic rent)
Authors: Ostojski Przemysław
Published: January 2021

The Commune applied to the tax authority for issuance of an individual interpretation concerning value added tax within the scope of the right to deduct,
by way of adjustment, the tax charged in connection with the implemented investment – Construction of the mobile seasonal playing field [...]. The application states that the Commune is an active and registered taxable person for the purpose of value added tax. The subject infrastructure was ransferred for uncharged use in 2012. The investment has not been applied for taxable services due to its character. Currently, the Commune considers letting infrastructure for lease to the Municipal-Community Cultural Centre pursuant to the agreement. After transfer, the infrastructure would still be used as intended. The Commune views charging rent at the leaseholder in the amount of several hundred zloty per year. In addition, after transfer the infrastructure must perform its functions and remain public. The Commune has not deducted expenditure incurred on the infrastructure throughout its construction. All invoices documenting purchases have been issued for the Municipality and Communal Office, which is an active VAT payer. In relation to the above description, the following question is asked: “Shall the Commune obtain the right to deduct tax charged in connection with the above-mentioned investment in proportion to the remaining period of adjustment, pursuant to Article 90 et seq. of the Act on Value Added Tax of 11 March 2004?”.
Principles of qualification and surgical treatment of the nose and paranasal sinuses in the era of COVID-19
Authors: Witkowski Paweł , Skorek Andrzej
Published: January 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the greatest challenges in modern medicine. Despite the implemented social and economic restrictions, the epidemiological situation is still dynamic. Otolaryngologists (especially rhinologists), are a group of doctors particularly exposed to SARS-CoV-2 infection. In order to limit the spread of the virus, it is necessary to implement procedures that minimize the risk of infection of medical personnel and patients. Due to the location of the virus, it is very important in relation to rhinological procedures and operations. The authors reviewed the literature on this topic and presented effective methods to reduce the likelihood of virus transmission during nasal and paranasal sinus surgery used in our center. It is important that pandemic limitations do not affect the duration of diagnosis and initiation of cancer treatment. Neoplasms of the nasal region and paranasal sinuses are detected relatively late due to the time of symptom onset, and further delays in the onset of the therapeutic process are extremely unfavorable. We are of the opinion that rhinological procedures, especially in patients with unknown epidemiological status, should be limited to the necessary minimum - life-threatening conditions and resection of malignant neoplasms. Even in these cases, however, strict adherence to procedures is necessary to reduce the risk of virus transmission. We hope that the implementation of the guidelines presented in the following paper will help in the fight against the current pandemic and its subsequent waves.
STATUS PRAWNY POSŁA – WYBRANE ZAGADNIENIA
Authors: Witkowska Klaudia
Published: January 2021

Celem niniejszego opracowania jest omówienie istotnych zagadnień wpływających na status prawny posła. Analizie poddano przede wszystkim regulacje dotyczące mandatu parlamentarnego. Przedmiotem rozważań stała się także zasada niepołączalności mandatu parlamentarnego. Zwrócono uwagę na niepołączalność formalną oraz materialną i przedstawiono różnice w odpowiedzialności posłów za naruszenie wynikające z innych ustaw. Podjęto próbę scharakteryzowania przywilejów poselskich będących gwarancją ich niezależności w sprawowaniu mandatu parlamentarnego. Zaprezentowano także rodzaje ponoszonej przez posłów odpowiedzialności.
WSPOMNIENIA Z ZSYŁKI JÓZEFA KOPCIA (1794 – 1801)
Authors: Mielnik Marcin
Published: January 2021

Celem artykułu jest zbadanie wspomnień Józefa Kopcia z zesłania na Kamczatkę. Ważnymi zagadnieniami poruszonymi w artykule są aspekty historyczno-prawne oraz analiza losów polskich rewolucjonistów po Insurekcji Kościuszkowskiej oraz wspomnienia Kopcia rozumiane jako świadectwo podróżnika utrwalające obraz życia ludów dalekowschodniej Rosji. W swoich zapiskach przedstawił opis siedlisk Kamczadałów, wytwarzane przez nich dobra kultury materialnej, zasady jakimi kierowali się w życiu codziennym. Na szczególną uwagę zasługują dokładne opisy ich „gospodarki” czyli źródła utrzymania, zwyczaje religijne, w tym śluby, czy pochówki ponieważ stanowią zdaniem autora unikatową relację europejczyka dotyczącą ludów które zatraciły swój charakter i stanowią dziś integralną część społeczeństwa Rosyjskiego. W głównej części swojej pracy autor opisuje sposób w jaki Kamczadałowie się utrzymywali. Część swoich dochodów czerpali z handlu z rosyjskim handlarza-mi, którzy szczególnie byli zainteresowani futrami i kłami wilków morskich. Podstawą utrzymania Kamczadałów była jednak gospodarka łowiecko-zbieracka. Świadectwo Józefa Kopcia stanowi niezwykle ważne źródło historyczne, które w polskiej historiografii należy uznać za ewenement. Opis Kamczadałów i ich życia wydaje się być obiektywny i stosunkowo dokładny. Artykuł może stanowić punkt wyjścia do prowadzenia dalszych badań losów zesłańców na początku rozbiorów oraz porównania ich niedoli po powstaniu styczniowym i pod koniec XIX wieku.
Mechanický krtek – poznámky k fenomenologii kyborgů
Authors: Zichová Jana
Published: January 2021

Th e article deals with the question on the essence of the cyborg. Th e author explores Čapek’s play R. U. R. and thinks over the transformation of time that might happen when an encounter of the living being with the inanimate system takes place. Th e author thinks also about the space of the factory as a home. It shows that the factory is the place where the artifi cial horizon is created.
Development of assistive technology and its function for people with disability
Authors: Siegel Lukáš
Published: January 2021

People with disabilities face various forms of barriers in society. Even daily activities are diffi cult to handle. Multiple varieties of assistive tools are being created to overcome these daily barriers. We count among these wheelchairs or exoskeletons, but there are other forms of assistive technology (designed for a particular type of disability) that help people with their disabilities. Th e aim of the thesis is to analyze the progress of the assistive technology that helps with disabilities and its role in modern society. Our primary source will be a book Disability, Society and Assistive Technology (2017) by Bodil Ravneberg and Sylvia Söderström. In their work, they show a close connection between assistive technologies and the quality of life of a person with a disability.
Zamyšlení nad „subjektivitou robotů“
Authors: Vonková Erika
Published: January 2021

In the fi rst part of the text, the author presents the reasons that in the future will make one create robots that will be endowed with subjectivity. In the second part the author selects a phenomenological approach from the possible philosophical approaches to the creation of robot subjectivity. She gradually presents her construction of robot subjectivity from a perspective inspired by Husserl, Heidegger and Sartre. At the end of the text, the author demonstrates that an approach inspired by Husserl and Heidegger would lead to the creation of a non -free, human -dependent robot. On the contrary, an approach inspired by Sartre would lead to the creation of a free robot.
Mathematics in general education
Authors: Trimble H. C.
Published: January 2021

General education is herein presented as an avenue which leads to liberal or special education.
Symbolic logic and logical circuitry in the high school
Authors: _ _
Published: January 2021

Foreign language teachers contend that children learn a new language more readily than adults. Could this be true of mathematics and its language?
This isn't bonehead math!
Authors: Barney Orvin P.
Published: January 2021

Refresher courses need carry no stigma. Much depends on the teacher's attitude.
A simple but fruitful arithmetic
Authors: Andree Richard V.
Published: January 2021

Teachers who are looking for enrichment material will find that these ideas supply an excellent introduction to some worth-while ideas.
The readability of mathematics books
Authors: Johnson Donovan A.
Published: January 2021

The application of readability tests to mathematics textbooks yields some disconcerting results.
New exercises in plane geometry
Authors: _ _
Published: January 2021

Previous discussions of the cutting of squares suggest geometrical exercises of a new and intriguing type. Certain exercises of this type are solved here. The article supplements material in the same vein in The Mathematics Student Journal for February 1957.
Mathematics in the Junior High School: An area of neglect in the study of arithmetic —mental arithmetic
Authors: Brown Gerald
Published: January 2021

The mental arithmetic theme is not a new one. Emphasis on the importance of mental arithmetic—that is, computation without the use of pencil and paper—can be found in the literature of any period.
Words, ‘words’, “words”
Authors: _ _
Published: January 2021

Teachers of mathematics are learning that to say more precisely what one intends makes learning an easier task. The authors herein propose a means for building a more precise classroom and textbook language, and they show how it can be used.
On rapid sketching of polar curves
Authors: Greenspan Donald
Published: January 2021

Here is an interesting technique whereby polar curves are drawn with the aid of an r-θ rectangular co-ordinate sketch.
Mosaics by reflection
Authors: Kingston J. Maurice
Published: January 2021

Infinite plane-fillings or tessellations of polygons are presented for use in high school classes and mathematics clubs.
An unusual application of a simple geometric principle
Authors: Guggenbuhl Laura
Published: January 2021

A simple geometric principle proves of use to plastic surgeons. It may be useful as an interesting application to discuss in a geometry class
Right answer—wrong solution
Authors: Braverman Benjamin
Published: January 2021

Can a pupil come up with the right answer to a problem despite numerous fundamental errors in his solution?
The role of statistics in general mathematics courses for college freshmen
Authors: Rosenberg Herman
Published: January 2021

The demand for more attention to the field of statistics in high schools and colleges makes this article timely.
Mathematics in the Junior High School: An observation on checking division
Authors: Crawford R. F.
Published: January 2021

Most teachers of arithmetic at the junior-high level emphasize the importance of checking computations. In division the most common recommendation is that the student should multiply the divisor by the quotient, then add the remainder. If this work is correct, the resulting number should equal the dividend. A second, quite laborious, method is to replace the divisor by the quotient and repeat the entire division process, in the hope that the number which formerly served as divisor will now appear as quotient. Still another method is “casting out 9's.”
Points and Viewpoints: Better mathematics teaching—where?
Authors: Fawcett Harold
Published: January 2021

A column of unofficial comment
Placing the decimal point in slide rule computation
Authors: Jacobs Russell F.
Published: January 2021

The author suggests ways to help high school students place the decimal point in slide rule calculations.
Points and Viewpoints: The Jeffrey report on Euclicdean geometry
Authors: Fehr Howard F.
Published: January 2021

A column of unofficial comment
New fields and organizations in the mathematical sciences
Authors: Wilks S. S.
Published: January 2021

New uses of mathematics generate new mathematical ideas for study. This new age of mathematics is reflected in the growth of mathematical organizations.
Things and un-things
Authors: Sawyer W. W.
Published: January 2021

Cats and un-cats; dogs and un-dogs. Can you use this to teach (−3) × (−2) = +6?
Mathematics in South Australia
Authors: Wood Allen
Published: January 2021

A visiting teacher in the Wauwatosa, Wisconsin schools tells us about Australian mathematics and Australian educational problems
Mathematics in the Junior High School: Teaching percentage for understanding and use
Authors: Kinney Lucien B.
Published: January 2021

That ability to use and interpret per cent is expected of every member in our society is evident as we read newspapers and magazines, listen to and watch television, or talk with others.
An observation on dissecting the square
Authors: Hawley Chester W.
Published: January 2021

This article tells how one teacher made use of the articles on dissecting the square published in last year's Mathematics Teacher
Mathematics in the Junior High School: Some family finance topics for seventh and eighth grade mathematics
Authors: Lingo Margaret
Published: January 2021

The teaching of practical, basic family-money management is one of the most challenging spheres of education. Students need to understand about financial planning, consumer credit, savings and Social Security, operation of banks, life and property insurance, stocks and bonds, housing, wills and estates—essential preparation for day-to-day living.
Points and Viewpoints: Breaking through the know-how barrier
Authors: Van Engen H.
Published: January 2021

A column of unofficial comment
Using Your Mathematics Student Journal: Plans for the Journal
Authors: Sawyer W. W.
Published: January 2021

The situation of American mathematics is a great paradox. The general attitude of Americans to life is intelligent, enterprising, non-traditional. In mathematics teaching the opposite obtains; everything is traditional, based on rote learning, the acceptance of authority, the absence of understanding.
Report of the Secondary School Curriculum Committee
Authors: Allen Frank B.
Published: January 2021

The Secondary School Curriculum Committee of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics proposes to accomplish its mission by means of a four-year comprehensive and critical study of the curriculum and instruction in mathematics in secondary schools with relation to the needs of contemporary society.
Finding two fractions having a special sum
Authors: Nygaard P. H.
Published: January 2021

Your high school pupils may he interested in the results of this theorem, and you will be interested in the proof.
These eighth graders don't hate arithmetic
Authors: Anderson George R.
Published: January 2021

This report gives the results of a questionnaire administered to a group of eighth-grade pupils in Pennsylvania. What would your eighth graders say about mathematics?
Time to stand together
Authors: Carr William G.
Published: January 2021

The Executive Secretary of the NEA tells why your NEA membership dues were increased. Let's stand together.
Notes from the Washington Office: State representatives of The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics
Authors: Ahrendt M. H.
Published: January 2021

Below is the list of state representatives of the Council for the school year 1957-58. The activity of the state representatives, working with the Committee on Membership, was an important factor in our increase of 2400 in number of members and subscribers during the 1956-57 school year. The indications at this point of the present school year are that we shall have another increase equal to, or greater than, this. We are much indebted to the state representatives for their support.
The maneuvers in set thinking
Authors: Duren W. L.
Published: January 2021

Our elementary teaching leads us to believe that numbers are the basic elements of arithmetic and counting its basic process. Mathematicians think of sets as basic to all mathematics and counting as a rather difficult concept.
Officers of the NCTM Affiliated Groups
Authors: Roudebush Elizabeth
Published: January 2021

The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics furnishes leadership in mathematics education in the United States of America and Canada. The membership of more than 15,000 comes from all parts of the two countries, from large cities, small towns, and rural communities. The publications of NCTM give help and inspiration to every member.
Polynomial expansions and a polynomial distribution theorem
Authors: Sedgwick Lloyd , Mcquiston Karen
Published: January 2021

Here is an interesting use of the binomial theorem and its application to certain problems in probability.
Micky's proof of the medians theorem
Authors: Keedy M. L.
Published: January 2021

This true story makes a plea for the adoption of teaching techniques involving informal deduction to avoid stifling creativity in young minds.
Points and Viewpoints: The weight of a symbol
Authors: Fawcett Harold P.
Published: January 2021

On the wall above my desk is a gavel. It was handed to me by Howard Fehr, the immediate past-president of The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. During this brief and simple ceremony he referred to the “weight” of the gavel, and I have since looked at it many times with this significant reference in mind.
Let's look at the new mathematics and science teachers
Authors: Maul Ray C.
Published: January 2021

It is important that we keep an eye on trends in the supply of mathematics and science teachers. Teachers should encourage able students to prepare for the profession.
Points and Viewpoints: College mathematics in the high school
Authors: Merriell D. M.
Published: January 2021

A column of unofficial comment
Tips for Beginners: Teach loci with wire and paint
Authors: Williamson Donald A.
Published: January 2021

Several years ago I asked each of my students this question, “Which section of of the plane geometry course did you find the most difficult to understand?” Almost 80 per cent of five different geometry classes had one answer, “Loci problems.” The following year I concentrated on teaching this troublesome chapter, using the best techniques I knew, asked the students the same question, and received the same answer. Last year, with the aid of the art department and the metal shop, I was able to use a laboratory approach which practically eliminated this teaching problem.
Research in teaching high school mathematics
Authors: Brown Kenneth E.
Published: January 2021

Have educators been asking the right questions in their research studies? Is it possible that more studies orientated toward fundamental psychological processes would prove profitable?
What is happening to the potential scientist or engineer?
Authors: Vannatta Glen D.
Published: January 2021

Do our best high school students go to college? What role does a teacher play in determining whether capable students go to college? This article supplies some possible answers.
Historically Speaking,— On The Practicality of The Rule of False Position
Authors: Eves Howard
Published: January 2021

In the Rhind (or Ahmes) papyrus, which dates back to at least 1650 B.c., we find the following problem : “A quantity, its 2/3, its 1/2, and its 1/7, added together, become 33. What is the quantity?” Today, with our algebraic symbolism, we would probably solve this problem by letting x denote the sought quantity
Colored polyhedra: a permutation problem
Authors: Perisho Clarence R.
Published: January 2021

How many different ways can a cube be -painted with six different colors of paint? How many ways can a dodecahedron be painted with twelve colors of paint?
A course of basic mathematical concepts for advanced high school students
Authors: Filippone Samuel R.
Published: January 2021

One teacher's experience in teaching an evening enrichment course is described here.
Selection of Academic Year Institute participants at the University of Virginia
Authors: Lowry William C. , Redfield David D.
Published: January 2021

What are the characteristics of the backgrounds of teachers selected for the academic year institutes at the University of Virginia?
Construction and evaluation of trigonometric functions of some special angles
Authors: Bristol James D.
Published: January 2021

Some interesting ideas relating geometry, trigonometry, and algebra.
Some challenging series for gifted high school students
Authors: Rippey Robert M.
Published: January 2021

Opportunities for student discovery and creation are abundant in a study of series as described in this article.
Tips for Beginners: Stalking solid geometry with knife and clay
Authors: Price Jack
Published: January 2021

If the most difficult task for the student in the study of solid geometry is visualization and the most difficult unit is the work with the sphere and its sections, then the combination of the two makes an almost overwhelming problem. Any teacher who has struggled his way through this difficulty even with a hard-working group of students can attest to this.
The minimum fraction of the popular vote that can elect the President of the United States
Authors: PÓLya G.
Published: January 2021

“When we treat an applied problem, our first task is to give it a mathematical formulation.”
An analysis of the quadratic
Authors: Hohlfeld Joseph F.
Published: January 2021

Some interesting properties of quadratic equations are discussed here.
Ninety suggestions on the teaching of mathematics in the junior high school
Authors: Swineford Edwin J.
Published: January 2021

A check list of suggested activities that a junior high school mathematics teacher may use in self-evaluation.
The Advanced Placement Program in Mathematics
Authors: Pieters Richard S. , Vance E. P.
Published: January 2021

It is the great hope of those who have been involved in the Advanced Placement Program in Mathematics that teachers, no less than students, will find it an inspiration, a challenge, and a revitalization of their work.
Digital computer—nonelectronic
Authors: Mc Elwain Ferd W.
Published: January 2021

Some interesting computations on one of our oldest digital computers.
Experimental Programs: Summer seasoning at Kenyon College
Authors: Finkbeiner Daniel T.
Published: January 2021

A learned nonagenarian of my acquaintance never lost his interest in gardening; his acreage shrank steadily with advancing years, hut he took pleasure in cultivating at least an herb garden. “In youth,” he would quote, “a man sows wild oats. Later on, he grows sage.”
Hints for upgrading mathematics instruction—new or old?
Authors: Constantia Sister Mary
Published: January 2021

Current textbook writers are placing much emphasis on teaching children how to perform the fundamental operations— addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division in bases other than ten. This is advocated (we believe rightly so) because it enables the learner to really understand the concepts involved, and he is not so apt to compute mechanically according to a memorized rule. If the child has developed the habit of mechanical manipulation of numbers, the change to bases other than ten is perhaps the best approach to use in giving him proper concepts.
Finite planes and Latin squares
Authors: Botts Truman
Published: January 2021

New mathematical facts are constantly being discovered, and new mathematical ideas are continually being evolved. This is illustrated by developments in finite geometry.
An evaluation of a secondary-school mathematics program for able pupils
Authors: Pauley B. G.
Published: January 2021

What one school system did in an attempt to evaluate the results of its experimental program upon students and teachers.