bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Finite-time disturbance observer-based dynamic positioning control with prescribed performance for surface vessels
Authors: Gong Chenglong , Su Yixin , Zhu Quanxin , Zhang Danhong
Published: November 2022

This paper investigates the dynamic positioning (DP) control problem of surface vessels with input saturation, external disturbances and error constraints, and a finite-time disturbance observer-based DP control law with prescribed performance is proposed. First, a smooth saturation approximation model is constructed to avoid input saturation, which integrates a stable auxiliary system to transform the design problem of the DP control law into the design problem of an auxiliary control signal. Next, by introducing an auxiliary dynamic, a finite-time disturbance observer is designed to estimate the external disturbance, and it is proved that the estimation error can converge to zero in finite-time. Specially, an adaptive update law is constructed to estimate the upper bound of the derivative of external disturbances, which releases the requirement for the prior knowledge of the disturbance in the observer design. Then, combined with finite-time performance functions and error transformation functions, a prescribed performance dynamic surface control (DSC) strategy is designed to realize the surface vessel's prescribed performance control with guaranteed transient and steady-state performance in finite-time. Moreover, all signals in the closed-loop control system are proved to be ultimately uniformly bounded. Finally, the numerical simulations of a surface vessel illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed DP control law.
Detecting aerofoil separation pre-cursors using on-board optical tracking of flexible pillar sensors
Authors: Selim Omar , Bruecker Christoph
Published: November 2022

A novel approach for detecting characteristic flow signatures precursory to stall along aerofoils is introduced. It uses arrays of flexible wind-hair like sensors distributed around the aerofoil which are tracked remotely using high-speed imaging and processing. The sensors act as “digital tufts" providing real-time readings of local velocity information with a high temporal resolution. Such sensors are integrated into a NACA0012 aerofoil and tested in a wind-tunnel for varying angles of attack in static tests and dynamically in a ramp-up test. For the static tests, the mean values of the sensor signals provide information on local free-stream velocity and angle of incidence. The fluctuating part of the signals show that at angles approaching separation prominent low frequency oscillations are detected, the magnitudes of which scale with the angle of incidence. These are hypothesised to be linked to breathing modes of the Laminar Separation Bubble causing a shear-layer flapping observed on the sensors. Such low-frequency oscillations were also detected short before separation in the ramp-up studies. As the high-speed cameras are mounted in a simulated “on-board" position, the sensing method could be used for early stall warnings in small-scale UAVs with integrated on-board object tracking cameras.
A Novel polysaccharide DSPP-1 from Durian seed: structure characterization and its neuroprotective effects against Alzheimer's disease in a transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans model
Authors: Xiao ChuXiang , Chen Tiejun , Yuan Meng , Li Yu , Wang FengWu
Published: November 2022

Plant polysaccharides have attracted much attention because of their various biological activities. The structure characterization of polysaccharide from durian seed and its neuroprotective effects against Alzheimer's disease in a transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans model were conducted in this study. A water-soluble polysaccharide was obtained using atmospheric pressure plasma treatment, and named DSPP-1. DSPP-1 was composed of rhamnose, galactose and galacturonic acid and its molecular weight was 3.765×105 Da. The study in vitro showed that DPPH radical scavenging activity of DSPP-1 was 79.20% and the inhibitory rate on Aβ1−42 aggregation was 24.65%. In vivo results showed that DSPP-1 could decrease abnormal Aβ1−42 aggregation to delay the paralysis process of AD-nematodes. Moreover, DSPP-1 significantly improved the antioxidant enzyme activities and reduced lipid peroxidation in AD-nematodes. Taken together, these results indicated that DSPP-1 could be used as a potential natural source for the prevention and treatment of AD.
Cholecalciferol modulates fatty acid metabolism and calcium homeostasis in the heart
Authors: Ivkovic Tamara , Tepavcevic Snezana , Romic Snjezana , Stojiljkovic Mojca , Kostic Milan , Stanisic Jelena , Koricanac Goran , Culafic Tijana
Published: November 2022

Purpose
Besides the traditional role in regulating calcium metabolism, vitamin D regulates energy metabolism and heart function. Based on the data that cholecalciferol improved insulin signaling and glucose metabolism in the heart and reduced circulating non-esterified fatty acids, we examined the effect of this vitamin on the metabolism of fatty acids in the heart and the consequences on calcium handling responsible for regulating myocardial contraction-relaxation.
Methods
Twelve-week-old rats (n = 10 per group) were treated with cholecalciferol for six weeks. Blood lipid profile was determined. Western blot and qRT-PCR were used to examine protein and mRNA expression.
Results
Cholecalciferol did not affect the expression of proteins involved in the transport of fatty acids in plasma membranes and mitochondria of heart cells, the expression of the β-oxidation enzyme, acyl-CoA dehydrogenase long chain, and the level of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alfa and Lipin1 in nuclear extract of heart cells. However, cholecalciferol-treated rats had increased acetyl CoA carboxylase 2 protein expression and decreased expression of malonyl CoA decarboxylase that regulates carnitine palmitoyltransferase–1 function via malonyl-coenzyme A. In addition, the expression of uncoupling protein 3 was elevated. Also, the level of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator in the nucleus of heart cells was increased along with the level of sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase in microsomal fraction. In parallel, the expression of L-type calcium channel and ryanodine receptor was reduced.
Conclusion
In the heart of healthy rats, cholecalciferol moderately attenuates fatty acid metabolism and fine-tunes calcium handling in terms of reducing calcium levels in the cytosol.
Do elderly colorectal cancer patients experience more deterioration in health- related quality of life during the first year of palliative chemotherapy? – A prospective real-world observational study
Authors: Hatlevoll Ingunn , Kristensen Are Korsnes , Solheim Tora Skeidsvoll , Elvebakken Hege , Salvesen Øyvind , Oldervoll Line Merethe , Wibe Arne , Hofsli Eva
Published: November 2022

Purpose: The primary aim was to evaluate changes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in a real-life population among younger (< 70 years) and older patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) the first year of palliative chemotherapy. The secondary aims were to assess the impact of chemo-break on HRQoL and to report overall survival (OS).
Methods: Patients with newly diagnosis of mCRC, ≥ 18 years and scheduled for first line palliative chemotherapy, were included in this multicentre longitudinal observational study. The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (0-100) was filled in at baseline and every second month, and >20 points change was considered to be of a large clinical magnitude. Treatments, patient- and tumour characteristics were prospectively registered.
Results: Totally 214 patients were included, and 146 were alive after one year. Four months after start of treatment, 40% reported large deteriorations in fatigue and 25% in physical functioning. Changes in global Qol, physical- and role functioning, fatigue, pain, nausea and vomiting were not significantly different between the age groups and reached baseline levels after one year. Patients on chemo-break reported significant improvements in several HRQoL domains. Median OS was 17.5 months [95% CI 14.4-20.5] with no difference between younger and older patients.
Conclusion: Elderlypatients did not experience more deterioration in HRQoL than younger during the first year of palliative chemotherapy. Measures to mitigate the deterioration in fatigue and physical functioning observed during the first months of palliative treatment are warranted.
Trial registration: NCT02395224 , March 23, 2015, retrospectively registered.
Prognostic significance of myocardial salvage obtained by gated SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging using scoring evaluation method early after primary percutaneous coronary intervention in ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Li Ting , Dou Jing , Yao Qinghai , Su Xuexiao , Gao Mingdong , Xiao Yongjian , Liu Yin , Gao Jing , Xu Wengui
Published: November 2022

Purpose Myocardial salvage (MS) and myocardial salvage index(MSI) assessed by Gated SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (GSMPI) have demonstrated prognostic significance in ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI). However, this method requires GSMPI after tracer injection before percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI), so make it limited in clinical practice. This study aims to obtain the MSI by simple GSMPI early after primary PCI (PPCI) in STEMI , evaluate the predictive significance of MSI in efficacy of PCI and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Apply the scoring evaluation method innovatively different from the previous method, and confirm the former’s advantage.
Methods 62 patients with STEMI, who underwent GSMPI after PPCI. MS and MSI were obtained by scoring and the number evaluation method,respectively. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) before discharge and 6 months after PCI were estimated by cardiac ultrasound.Patients whose LVEF increased by at least 20% compared to baseline were defined as PCI-effective group. Compare the MS ,MSI and their prognostic significancein PCI efficacy between the two evaluation methods. Patients were divided into two groups according to the median MSI(0.27), over a median follow-up period of 270(128-366) days, estimate the prognostic significance of MSI on MACEs.
Results The MS and MSI were relevant [ r(MS)=0.491, r(MSI)=0.779, P< .05], but significant different by the two methods (P < .01). MSI by the scoring method showed the stronger prognostic value in PCI efficacy with AUC of 0.793, sensitivity: 71.40%, specificity: 73.70% than the number method with AUC of 0.634, sensitivity: 43.80%, specificity: 94.40% (all P<.05). COX prevalence of MACEs was significantly higher in the <median MSI group than≥median MSI [HR 0.20; 95% ci, 0.04–1.10; P <0.05].ROC analysis showed that MSI predict MACEs with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.870, sensitivity: 73.70%, specificity: 87.50%(P<0.01).There was a obvious linear correlation trend between MSI and LVEF before discharge by Jonckheere-Terpstra test( P< .05).
Conclusion MSI obtained from an simple GSMPI after re-perfusion on scoring evaluation method is a reliable prognostic indicator which provides feasible way to predict the PPCI efficacy and MACEs in STEMI patients.
Ligand design induced metal step-flow growth for deeply cyclable multivalent batteries
Authors: Zhang Weidong , Shen Zeyu , Mao Xianwen , Mao Jiale , Guo Junze , Fan Lei , Mao Shulan , Lu Yingying
Published: November 2022

Disordered growth and coalescence of multivalent metal deposits and inefficient stripping behavior at battery anodes have long impeded the application of rechargeable metal batteries under practically-relevant deep cycling conditions. Here we report a conceptually new strategy for precise control over the electrochemical-active sites on the deposits by exploiting rigid, conjugated ligands to induce step-flow growth/stripping patterns. Scanning probe based characterizations clearly elucidated the correlation among site-dependent adsorption of ligands, interfacial chemical/electrical heterogeneities and structure information of deposits. The mediation of step-flow growth/stripping patterns leads to ultralong cycling lifespan (4000 h), high levels of anodic reversibility (99.72%), and greatly improved performance of anode-free batteries at high areal capacities. We show further that transformation of growth/coalescence patterns caused by molecular-designed ligands provides a general pathway for deeply cyclable metal batteries based on an impressive range of earth-abundant metal anodes (including Al, Zn, Mg) of current interest.
Dual-resonant scanning multiphoton microscope with ultrasound lens and resonant mirror for rapid volumetric imaging
Authors: Hsu Chia-Wei , Lin Chun-Yu , Hu Yvonne Yuling , Chen Shean-Jen
Published: November 2022

A dual-resonant scanning multiphoton (DRSM) microscope incorporating a tunable acoustic gradient index of refraction lens and a resonant mirror is developed for high-speed volumetric imaging. In the proposed microscope, the pulse train signal of a femtosecond laser is used to trigger an embedded field programmable gate array to sample the multiphoton excited fluorescence signal at the rate of one pixel per laser pulse. It is shown that a frame rate of around 8,000 Hz can be obtained in the x-z plane for an image region with a size of 256×80 pixels. Moreover, a volumetric imaging rate of over 30 Hz can be obtained for a large image volume of 343×343×120 µm3 with an image size of 256×256×80 voxels. The rapid volumetric imaging rate eliminates the aliasing effect for observed temporal frequencies lower than 15 Hz. The practical feasibility of the DRSM microscope is demonstrated by observing the mushroom bodies of a drosophila brain and performing 3D dynamic observations of moving 10-µm fluorescent beads.
A new hazard scenario at Vesuvius: deadly thermal impact of detached ash cloud surges in 79CE at Herculaneum
Authors: Pensa Alessandra , Giordano Guido , Petrone Pier Paolo , Corrado Sveva
Published: November 2022

Ash cloud surges are capable to cause huge devastation and mortality around volcanoes, and temperature is a crucial parameter in assessing their lethal power. Reflectance analysis on carbonized wood from ancient Herculaneum allowed a new reconstruction of the thermal events that impacted buildings and humans during the 79CE Vesuvius eruption. Here we show that the first pyroclastic flow to enter the town was a short-lived ash cloud surge, detached from high concentration currents, with temperatures of 555 − 495°C capable of causing instant death of people, while leaving only a few decimeters of ash on ground. The subsequent pyroclastic currents progressively buried the town at temperatures between 465 − 390 and 350 − 315°C. Charcoal proved to be the only proxy capable of recording multiple, ephemeral extreme thermal events, allowing us to reveal for the first time the real thermal impact of the 79CE eruption. The lethal impact detected for ash cloud surges produced during ancient and recent volcanic eruptions suggests that such hazard deserves much more consideration at Vesuvius and elsewhere.
Impaired community assembly after depletion of key rhizosphere microorganisms compromises plant health
Authors: Zhou Yanyan , Yang Zhen , Liu Jinguang , Wang Xingxiang , Dai Chuan-Chao , Carrion Victor , Li Xiao-Gang
Published: November 2022

Rhizosphere microbial assembly is impacted by soil management history and plant fitness. Synergistic action and compensatory colonization were explored to program diverse rhizosphere community with effects on host plant health. However, the roles and positions of key populations that influence overall function during assembly remain largely unexplored. Here, we investigated the relationship between rhizosphere microbial assembly and plant heath under monocropping and rotation management regimes and the underlying mechanisms. We found unintended effects of filtering-out low-abundance communities assembled in the plant rhizosphere determine plant disease outcomes. Further, promotion of specific microbial consortia by root metabolisms adversely affect ecologically interdependent low-abundance taxa. We also demonstrated the importance of restoring the rhizosphere microbial community with a substantial participation of key microbes. The study highlights the collective importance of plant rhizosphere community for plant health, informing a potential strategy for efficient biological pest control.
Associations of prenatal Cadmium exposure and offspring cardiovascular structure development
Authors: Jiang Shiwei , Wang Jian , Wu Yujian , Du Bowen , Li Zhuoyan , Wang Hualin , Niu Yiwei , Wang Qianchuo , Liu Junxia , Huang Jihong , Du Qing , Sun Kun
Published: November 2022

Objective: The association of maternal heavy metal with childhood cardiovascular structure alterations has not been well established. This study aimed to assess the association of maternal exposure to cadmium (Cd) during early pregnancy with offspring cardiovascular structure in childhood.
Methods: A total of 380 mother-children pairs in Shanghai-Birth-Cohort (SBC) were included. Maternal Cd concentration in whole blood was measured in early-pregnancy. Echocardiograghy was done in offspring at 4 years of age. Generalized linear regression models (GLM) adjusted for potential confounders were applied. Mediation analysis was conducted to test the potential mediators.
Results: The mean of maternal blood Cd levels were 0.5 ± 0.3 μg/L. After adjusting for potential confounders, GLM models illustrated that higher maternal Cd level was significantly associated with smaller left ventricle diameters and wall thickness of child at the age of 4, including left ventricle diameter in systole(β =-0.784, 95% CI: -1.470, -0.097; P=0.026), interventricular septal thickness at diastole (β =-0.238, 95% CI: -0.429, -0.047; P=0.015), left ventricular mass index (β =-2.003, 95% CI: -3.507,-0.499; P=0.009), end systolic volume (β = -1.519, 95% CI: -2.834,-0.204; P=0.024), and end diastolic volume (β = -3.098, 95% CI: -6.107,-0.088; P=0.044). Mediation analysis showed that child body mass index (BMI) had uncomplete mediation effect in the association of maternal Cd exposure and offsrping cardiovascular structure.
Conclusions: These findings suggest that maternal Cd exposure during early pregnancy was adversely associated with children’s cardiovascular structure development including smaller ventricle diameters and wall thickness. And these effects would be mediated by lower offspring BMI.
Transferable Supervised Learning Model for Public Transport Service Load Estimation
Authors: Yin Tianwei , Nassir Neema , Leong Joseph , Tanin Egemen , Sarvi Marjid
Published: November 2022

Detailed knowledge of service utilisation and passenger load profiles are the basis for the design, operation, and adjustment of a public transport service. The advancement in sensing technologies enable transit operators to monitor the variabilities in passenger flows continuously and consistently. There is a growing body of literature on using supervised learning models with direct passenger counts from historical observations. However, the incomplete, inaccurate, and biased data from automatic sensors pose a challenge in this process. This paper proposes novel supervised learning models to estimate public transport service load profile onboard, based on 1) limited data collected on a subset of service vehicles by automatic passenger counting (APC) systems, and 2) fare data collected by automated fare collection (AFC) systems, with the specific consideration that the developed models can be transferred across different routes. This is motivated by the commonly “limited coverage” of automated passenger counter devices on service vehicles. We introduce an array of new models and a superior segment-based model which demonstrates remarkable improvement in model transferability and accuracy. The proposed methodology uses separate methods in different segments of a transit line.
The proposed models are applied to three tram lines in Melbourne, Australia, where different types of shortcomings exist in the automated data. The test results show that the proposed models can be transferred and applied to other transit route without historical observations. This would allow transit operators to reduce the number of required devices and monitor service utilization more cost-efficiently, especially in public transport networks where AFC coverage is usually incomplete and negatively skewed. The information on service utilization will not only help operators to accommodate the variability in passenger demand, but also assist passengers in journey planning to avoid service overcrowding.
Sugammadex shortens operation room stay after desflurane anesthesia
Authors: Hano Kazuhiro , Tsukamoto Masanori , Goto Maho , Eto Michi , Nishimura Rei , Hitosugi Takashi , Yokoyama Takeshi
Published: November 2022

Background
Neuromuscular monitoring may not be monitored in oral surgery, because muscle relaxant effect is not required except for intubation maneuvers. In clinical anesthesia, we have extubated after recovery of enough spontaneous breathing, swallowing, and airway protection reflexes. The use of sugammadex depends on the preference of the anesthesiologist. Inhalational anesthetics enhances the effects of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs and prolongs its duration of action and recovery. Then, we should pay attention to the prolonged muscle relaxant actin after prolonged anesthesia time. Then, we retrospectively investigated the effectiveness of sugammadex following general anesthesia (>2 hours).
Methods
We examined the anesthesia records of adult patients who underwent oral surgery under general anesthesia (>2 hours) using rocuronium for tracheal intubation and desflurane for maintenance. The following parameters were recorded: patient background, extubation time (i.e., time between desflurane cessation and extubation), and discharge time (i.e., time between desflurane cessation and operation room departure).
Results
Two hundreds twenty-five patients were divided into two groups (sugammadex group, n = 133, control group, n = 92). Patients in the sugammadex group received sugammadex (2–4 mg/kg) once desflurane was stopped. There were no significant differences in patient backgrounds between the groups. Although it did not reach the level of significance (p = 0.32), the extubation time in the sugammadex group (10 minutes) was shorter than that of the control group (10 minutes). The discharge time in the sugammadex group (18 minutes) was significantly shorter than that of the control group (20 minutes; p = 0.0087).
Conclusion
The use of sugammadex could shorten operation room stay after desflurane anesthesia (>2 hours) in adult patients undergoing oral maxillofacial surgery. We found that it was possible to make quick muscle recovery with the use of sugammadex, then the patients could return to the hospital ward.
Copper doped Strontium Indium‑borate glasses: FTIR, Raman, EPR, Optical and Structural Studies
Authors: Narsimha Bodige , Chandrasekhar K. , Shareefuddin Md. , Ramadevudu G.
Published: November 2022

Indium oxide added strontium borate glasses(30-x)SrO–69B2O3–1CuO: xIn2O3with five different values of x (from 0.5 to 2.5 mol%) were synthesized using the conventional melt quenching process. The amorphous nature of these glass samples was confirmed from X-Ray diffraction spectra. Physical properties like density, molar volume, dielectric constant etc. have been reported for various concentrations of In2O3. Spectroscopic studies, namely, optical absorption, EPR were undertaken to comprehend the impact of In2O3and CuO dopants on strontium-borate structure. Urbach energy and optical band gap (Eopt) values were estimated at room temperature. The spin-Hamiltonian parameters of Cu2+ ions have revealed gǁǁ> g┴>ge and Aǁǁ> A┴ indicating the Cu2+spin probe ground state as dx2-y2(2B1g state) and the site symmetry around Cu2+ is tetragonally distorted octahedral. Fourier transform infrared spectra recorded in the region from 400-1600 cm-1 confirmed the occurrence of conventional BO3, BO4units along with In3+O6 groups. The Raman spectra of the glass samples were registered between 200 cm-1 and 600 cm-1 exhibited various spectral bands.
Using stable isotopes to determine water absorption of summer maize under different fertilizer treatments in North China Plain
Authors: LÜ Lihua , Hu Jiahong , Liu Qian , Zhang Jingting , Dong Zhiqiang , Li Qian , Hu Yukun
Published: November 2022

Fertilization affects water uptake by crops, the study of water transport and water use in maize after the application of organic fertilizer can provide a theoretical basis for sustainable grain production in this area. In this study, dual stable isotopes (δD and δ18O) were used to determine seasonal variation in water uptake patterns of summer maize under different fertilization treatments in Shijiazhuang, China, during 2017. The contributions of soil water at different depths to water uptake were quantified using the MixSIAR Bayesian mixing model. The average contribution of soil water from the 0–20, 20–40, 40–70, and 70–120 cm layers was 39.6%, 23.2%, 29.8%, and 7.4%, respectively, and most water was taken up from the upper soil layers (0–70 cm) during the drought season before sowing. Water uptake was mainly sourced from the 0–20 cm depth at the mid filling stage (81.2%), the 0–40 cm depth at the seedling stage (85.0%), and the 0–70 cm depth at the jointing stage (86.2%), 12-leaf stage (91.2%), heading stage (88.8%), tasseling stage (86.7%), early filling stage (95.0%), and mature stage (94.0%). Two fertilization applications led to clear differences in the proportional contribution of soil water from 0–20 cm (average 35.3% and 43.8% for chemical and organic fertilizer, respectively), 20–40 cm (25.4% and 20.9%), and 70–120 cm (9.7% and 5.2%). The contribution from the 0–20cm layer was higher after organic fertilizer treatment than after the use of chemical fertilizer. This was because the manure fertilizer changed the physical properties of the soil, improving water-holding capacity and reducing soil evaporation. Our results have scientific implications for fertilization and irrigation management.
A Sixth and seventh-order derivative-free parameter-based iterative method for solving non-linear equations
Authors: Devi Kasmita , Maroju Prashanth
Published: November 2022

In this research, for solving non-linear equations we suggest a two-second derivative-free parameter-based continuation method. As per the Kung-Traub conjecture, both of the proposed schemes are optimal. Additionally, two main theorems that demonstrates the order of convergence and asymptotic error constant, as well as the theoretical and computational characteristics of the suggested schemes, are thoroughly studied. The order of convergence of proposed method is seven for α = 0 and six for α = 1. The performance and effectiveness of the suggested optimal approaches are compared with their closest competitors on a concrete variety of nonlinear equations with the help of Mathematica-11.3, by using its high precision compatibility. Finally, based on the results obtained, our suggested approaches are shown to be more effective than comparable robust procedures of the same order.
Metabolic profiling of patients with different idiopathic inflammatory myopathy subtypes reveals potential biomarkers in plasma
Authors: Zhao Qianqian , Hu Qiu , Meng Shuhui , Zhang Qinguo , Wang Tingting , Liu Cuilian , Liu Dongzhou , Jiang Zhenyou , Hong Xiaoping
Published: November 2022

Introduction
Idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) are heterogeneous autoimmune diseases that primarily affect the proximal muscles. IIM subtypes include dermatomyositis (DM), polymyositis (PM), and anti-synthetase syndrome (ASS). Metabolic disturbances may cause irreversible structural damage to muscle fibers in patients with IIM. However, the metabolite profile of patients with different IIM subtypes remains elusive.
Objectives and Methods
To investigate metabolic alterations and identify patients with different IIM subtypes, we comprehensively profiled plasma metabolomics of 46 DM, 13 PM, 12 ASS patients, and 30 healthy controls (HCs) using UHPLC-Q Exactive HF mass spectrometer. Multiple statistical analyses and random forest were used to discover differential metabolites and potential biomarkers.
Results
We found that tryptophan metabolism, phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, beta-oxidation of very long chain fatty acids, alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid metabolism, steroidogenesis, bile acid biosynthesis, purine metabolism, and caffeine metabolism are all enriched in the DM, PM, and ASS groups. We also found that different subtypes of IIM have their unique metabolic pathways. We constructed three models (five metabolites) to identify DM, PM, ASS from HC in the discovery and validation sets. Five to seven metabolites can distinguish DM from PM, DM from ASS, and PM from ASS. A panel of seven metabolites can identify anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 positive (MDA5+) DM with high accuracy in the discovery and validation sets.
Conclusion
Our results provide potential biomarkers for diagnosing different subtypes of IIM and a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of IIM.
Effects of early intermittent maternal separation on cognitive development of the prefrontal cortex in piglets
Authors: Cheng Zheng , Zhou Sitong , Zhang Xiaohong , Fu Qin , Yang Yue , Ji Wenbo , Liu Honggui
Published: November 2022

In actual production, because increase of sows litter size, the management of piglets in split-suckling leads to intermittent neonatal maternal separation (NMS). Early lactation is a critical period of cognitive development in the piglets' brain. The experiment hypothesizes that intermittent NMS may affect piglets' neurological development and cognitive ability. To determine the extent of effects of NMS on the piglets' prefrontal cortex cognitive development, the control group (Con group, n=53) was set up with no NMS, the experimental group (MS group, n=53) was set up with MS for 4 h/day, and the piglets were milk supplemented during the separation period and weaned until 35d. Twelve piglets at postnatal day (PND) 35 were selected from each group for cognitive assessment. Three PND35 piglets from each group were slaughtered, and collected prefrontal cortex samples for reference transcriptome sequencing. Following bioinformatics analysis, GO enrichment and KEGG enrichment analysis as well as candidate gene screening were performed for differentially expressed genes. Finally, quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to verify the sequencing data were accurate. The results showed that, in the spatial holeboard discrimination task, the working memory and reference memory of piglets in the MS group were significantly lower than those in the Con group (P < 0.01). In the new object recognition task, the MS group was significantly lower than the Con group in the number of exposure to new objects and discrimination index (P < 0.01). In the prefrontal cortex of the MS group, 349 up-regulated, 151 down-regulated differential genes, and 584 significant GO entries were discovered. Screening for 9 genes associated with cognition at large differential multiples. qPCR validation results showed that MC4R, GRP, CYFIP2, NMB, CPEB1, ADCYAP1 were significantly downregulated and MAG, PLP1, CPEB4 were significantly upregulated. Light microscopy results showed changes in the morphological structure of neuronal cells and microglia.
In summary, intermittent NMS may impair partial cognitive function in piglets by damaging the structure of the prefrontal cortex.
EEG resting-state networks in Alzheimer’s disease associated with clinical symptoms
Authors: Aoki Yasunori , Takahashi Rei , Suzuki Yuki , Pascual-Marqui Roberto D. , Kito Yumiko , Hikida Sakura , Maruyama Kana , Hata Masahiro , Ishii Ryouhei , Iwase Masao , Mori Etsuro , Ikeda Manabu
Published: November 2022

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neuropsychiatric disease affecting many elderly people and is characterized by progressive cognitive impairment of memory, visuospatial, and executive functions. As the elderly population is growing, the number of AD patients is increasing considerably. There is currently growing interest in determining AD’s cognitive dysfunction markers. We used exact low-resolution-brain-electromagnetic-tomography independent-component-analysis (eLORETA-ICA) to assess activities of five electroencephalography resting-state-networks (EEG-RSNs) in 90 drug-free AD patients and 11 drug-free patients with mild-cognitive-impairment due to AD (ADMCI).
Compared to 147 healthy subjects, the AD/ADMCI patients showed significantly decreased activities in the memory network and occipital visual network, where the age difference between the AD/ADMCI and healthy groups was corrected by linear regression analysis. Furthermore, the age-corrected EEG-RSN activities showed correlations with cognitive function test scores in AD/ADMCI. In particular, decreased memory network activity showed correlations with worse total cognitive scores for both Mini-Mental-State-Examination (MMSE) and Alzheimer’s Disease-Assessment-Scale-cognitive-component-Japanese version (ADAS-J cog) including worse sub-scores for orientation, registration, repetition, word recognition and ideational praxis. Our results indicate that AD affects specific EEG-RSNs and deteriorated network activity causes symptoms. Overall, eLORETA-ICA is a useful, non-invasive tool for assessing EEG-functional-network activities and provides better understanding of the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the disease.
Remote assessments of human pressure on biodiversity may miss important human threats
Authors: Mammides Christos , Martini Francesco , Kounnamas Constantinos
Published: November 2022

Monitoring human pressure on biodiversity within protected areas (PAs) remains a challenging task due to the vast number of PAs worldwide (> 250,000) and the fact that we lack basic information for most of them. Consequently, researchers are increasingly relying on remote sensing techniques to overcome this challenge. However, remote assessments of human pressure on biodiversity may miss crucial threats, such as hunting and invasive species, which are often best documented through in-situ field surveys. Here, we use a unique European Union dataset documenting human threats within 8,210 PAs through field surveys to assess the relationship between those threats and three commonly used indices of human pressure that are largely derived using remote-sensing methods—the Human Footprint and Human Modification indices and the LandScan Global Population Database. We find that the indices are not always related to the threats recorded within PAs through field surveys. The indices seem to best capture threats associated with urbanization, agriculture, and pollution but not necessarily others. Although remote assessments of human pressure on biodiversity are crucial for conservation, researchers and practitioners must be aware of their limitations and must complement such assessments with information collected in the field whenever possible.
Development of an Image Processing Technique Using Satellite Data to Study the Nature and Behaviour of Solar Coronal Mass Ejections
Authors: Upananda W D K A , Jayaratne K P S C
Published: November 2022

Coronal mass ejection (CME) is one mysterious property of the sun. Practically studying CMEs directed to earth, known as Halo CMEs is very important since these CMEs can affect space weather around the earth and cause major problems to human activities. This research aims to develop an image processing technique to analyze halo CME (HCME) events that can influence the earth by classifying associated solar flares based on coronagraph images. LASCO coronagraph telescope and EIT telescope of the “Solar and Heliospheric Observatory” (SOHO) spacecraft are the main instruments used for research. Coronagraph images and other additional data of 723 HCME events were collected from the database of the SOHO spacecraft of NASA & the database of the NOAA space environment services centre. A MATLAB script was developed to extract the detail of coronagraph images as pixel values using image processing methods such as image transformation, segmentation, Enhancement & morphological Processing. Finally, a classification algorithm was developed by using four K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) classifiers to classify solar flares of each HCME event. The final accuracy of the classification algorithm was 86%. The developed method can be used as an alternative method to study HCMEs since the results of this study were agreeable with previous studies on CMEs. It is possible to improve this image processing method to calculate the effect of HCME events on earth, such as magnetic and space weather effects.
Strong Phonon-Plasmon Coupling in Grounded Graphene-Hexagonal Boron Nitride (hBN) Heterostructures
Authors: Heydari Mohammad Bagher , Karimipour Majid , Shirkolaei Morteza Mohammadi
Published: November 2022

In this paper, an analytical model is proposed for a new graphene-based hexagonal Boron Nitride (hBN) heterostructure supporting tunable surface phonon-plasmon polaritons (SP3). The model is started with Maxwell’s equations and then applies boundary conditions. An exact dispersion relation is derived for the proposed structure in which the comparison between simulation and analytical results confirms its validity. A high value of FOM = 190 is reported for the chemical potential of 0.85 eV at the frequency of 48.3 THz. To further show the tunability of the structure, the influence of chemical potential and other geometrical parameters on the quality of propagating SP3 are investigated in detail. The authors believe that the presented study can be useful for the design of novel graphene-based devices in the THz region.
Engaged Learning During Distraction: A Case Study of Successful Working Moms in Distance Education
Authors: Fensie Anne , Pierre Teri St. , Jain Jennifer , Sezen-Barrie Asli
Published: November 2022

Adult learners are a significant proportion of distance learners and many of these students are working mothers. Several instructional design models center the learner, and this requires understanding the learner needs, strengths, and context. There is a gap in the literature describing the experience of working mother students in distance education. To understand this experience, the researchers interviewed and observed six academically high-achieving working mother students as they participated in their distance education courses during the pandemic. A discourse analysis approach was utilized to analyze the data. This extreme sample revealed several strategies that these students use to be successful despite their challenges. The findings suggest that understanding the experiences of distance learners as they study in the home are important for effective course design. More specifically, working mothers face significant distractions in their study environments, but the cognitive load can be reduced by making use of their prior knowledge, scaffolding instruction, and encouraging social presence. Additional strategies from the literature that address these constructs are provided for instructors and instructional designers.
İŞYERİ HEKİMLİĞİNİN SİGORTALILIK AÇISINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: KOSTAK Mustafa
Published: November 2022

6331 sayılı İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Kanunu ile işverenin bir kişi çalıştırsa dahi işyeri hekimi ve iş güvenliği uzmanı hizmeti alınması zorunlu hale gelmiştir. Yine aynı Kanun ve ilgili yönetmelikle işyeri hekimlerinin çalışma süreleri, görev, sorumluluk ve yükümlülükleri ile işyeri hekimliği hizmetinin temin edilmesi yolları ortaya konulmuştur.

Söz konusu kanundan önce 4857 sayılı İş Kanunu ile işyeri hekimliği hizmeti alma zorunluluğu düzenlenmiş ve bu dönemde işyeri hekimleri hukuki statüleri bağlamında işçi sayılmışlardır. Ancak nihai düzenleme olan 6331 sayılı Kanun’un ortaya koyduğu temin yolları ve 1219 sayılı Tababet Ve Şuabatı San'atlarının Tarzı İcrasına Dair Kanun ile kamu görevlisi hekimlerine de işyeri hekimliği yapma olanağı getirilmesi, işyeri hekimliğinin sigortalılık açısından değerlendirilmesi ihtiyacını doğurmuştur.

Çalışma, 5510 sayılı Sosyal Sigortalar ve Genel Sağlık Sigortası Kanunu ve ikincil mevzuat bağlamında işyeri hekimlerinin sigortalılıklarını değerlendirmektedir. Buna göre 5510 sayılı Kanunun 4. maddesi 1. fıkrası a/b/c bentleri kapsamında sigortalı sayılan hekimlerin farklı durumlara göre işyeri hekimliği hizmeti verdiği sürelerin sigortalılık açısından nasıl değerlendirileceği ortaya koyulmuştur.
The Metamorphosis of Love in Spinozaʼs Ethics
Authors: Ayalon Noa Lahav
Published: November 2022

Spinozina Etika ima robusnu i podcijenjenu teoriju ljubavi. U ovom članku pokazujem da Spinozina rasprava o ljubavi, smještena na križištu između njegove etike i njegove epistemologije, opisuje metamorfozu ljubavi u filozofovu umu – od strastvene ljubavi do intelektualne ljubavi prema Bogu, te od imaginacije ili mnijenja do scientia intuitiva. Metamorfoza je odgovorna za međusobno usko povezanu filozofovu moralnost i usavršenje razumijevanja. Čitati Spinozine upute za etički i filozofijski napredak kroz prizmu njegove teorije o ljubavi sadrži ključ za razumijevanje nekih od najviše zbunjujućih problema predočenih u drugoj polovici Petog dijela, točnije, prirode intelektualne ljubavi za Bogom i predmeta treće vrste znanja.
Über Heidegger hinaus durch Rückkehr zu Marx?
Authors: Wang Hongjian
Published: November 2022

Ovaj članak najprije pokušava pokazati da se ispod površnih razlika između Marxa i Heideggera nalaze strukturalne sličnosti u njihovu mišljenju, koje se očituju kao dvostruka kritika. Razlog tome leži u zajedničkoj spoznaji obojice filozofa da su temelji teorije u svakodnevnom iskustvu življenja i stvaranja. Drugo, Heidegger i Marx također dijele naglašavanje pojma prakse. Premda je jedan sklon individualnosti, a drugi društvenosti, njihovi pojmovi prakse nisu suprotstavljeni, nego se međusobno dopunjuju. S pomoću Marcuseove analize ponovno vidimo da Heideggerovo ontologiziranje i neutraliziranje prakse dovodi do toga da se on, u određenoj mjeri, vraća u »teoretiziranje« filozofije, što je i sam snažno kritizirao. A u tome se nalazi mogućnost da se nadiđe Heideggera vraćajući se Marxu.
Resoluteness as a Philosophical Method
Authors: Kraatz Karl
Published: November 2022

Argumentiram da je jedan od središnjih pojmova drugog dijela Bitka i vremena – odlučnost (Entschlossenheit) – predstavlja nov način filozofiranja i trebao bi se, stoga, razumjeti kao filozofijska metoda. Odlučnost je poseban način odnošenja prema stvarima i metodologijski je nužno za otkrivanje kakve jesu te stvari. Oslanjam se na uvide na recentno objavljeno djelo O mojim tiskovinama u kojem Heidegger ističe odlučnost kao ključan korak prema kasnijem metodologijskom stavu. Čineći to, rasvjetljujem važne aspekte Bitka i vremena i doprinosim trenutnoj raspravi o Heideggerovoj filozofijskoj metodi. Dokazujem da se idejom o odlučnosti kao filozofijskoj metodi nastoji nadići Heideggerova kritika transcendentalne metode i ispitivanja o uvjetima mogućnosti.
Normative Ambiguity Facing Those Who Flee Death during Times of War and Pandemic and Who Eventually Return Home
Authors: Conces Rory J.
Published: November 2022

Obitavamo u svijetu fizičkih stvari. Kada je u pitanju okoliš u kojemu živimo, postepeno se prema njemu počnemo orijentirati i u konačnici se u njemu osjećamo kao doma. Suočavanje sa smrću tijekom rata i pandemije vremena su iznimne dezorijentiranosti i ponekad pokazujemo implus za bijegom. Ne čudi da u tim očajnim vremenima neki koji imaju sredstava i mogućnosti razmišljaju o bijegu na sigurnije mjesto. Ali jesmo li moralno obvezni djelovati na načine koji bi od nas zahtijevali žrtvovanje svojih najdubljih osobnih obveza i projekata da bi drugi ispunili svoje obveze i projekte? Ovdje se tvrdi da bijeg iz Bosne i Hercegovine za vrijeme rata, kao što se dogodilo 1990-ih, i bijeg iz grada za vrijeme pandemije mogu biti moralno pošteni postupci. Međutim, to je također pitanje političke poštenosti i razlomljenih prijateljstava. U slučajevima rata i pandemije, povratak domu da bi se doprinijelo dobrobiti onih koje su ostavili može biti moralno i politički pošteno, ali razlomljena prijateljstva mogu pridonijeti normativnoj dvosmislenosti. Zašto bi im netko ponovno vjerovao i smatrao ih odanim prijateljem? Možda bi ponovno uspostavljanje tih prijateljstava od povjerenja moglo zahtijevati od onih koji su ostali da učine ono što je pretjerano, tj. da učine više nego što se od njih razumno može tražiti, što se u ovom slučaju svodi na opraštanje onima koji su pobjegli i davanje druge prilike tako što će doma biti dobrodošli.
Abdolkarim Soroush’s Pluralistic Philosophy of Religion
Authors: Šadić Rusmir
Published: November 2022

Pluralistička filozofija religije Abdolkarima Sorousha, čija neoracionalistička misao predstavlja stvarni epistemološki obrat unutar muslimanskog reformskog diskursa, središnje je pitanje kojim se bavi ovaj rad. Abdolkarim Soroush, kao suvremeni muslimanski mislilac, donosi sasvim novo razumijevanje pitanja religijskog pluralizma te uz uključenje analitičke filozofije, suvremene hermeneutičke tradicije i sufijske metafizike, doprinosi stvaranju upečatljivo karakteristične filozofije religije unutar muslimanskog intelektualnog kruga. Pitanja širenja i sužavanja religijskog znanja, kao i širenja poslaničkog iskustva, neodvojivi su elementi njegove filozofije religije.
EVALUATION OF EFFECTS OF 1.2% ATORVASTATIN AS A LOCAL DRUG DELIVERY: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED CLINICAL STUDY
Authors:   Senior Lecturer, Department of Periodontology, Anil Neerukonda Institiute of Dental Sciences, Visakhapatnam., Bade Shruthi , Rachita Dwarapu ,   Senior Lecturer, Department of Periodontology, Anil Neerukonda Institiute of Dental Sciences, Visakhapatnam., Sruthi Kuntcham Rupa ,   Reader, Department of Periodontology, Lenora Institiute of Dental Sciences, Rajahmundry., Lakshmi Satti Venkata ,   Reader, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Vydehi Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore., Boidapu Vijai ,   MDS Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, General Clinician and Consultant Orthodontist., Kastury Siddhartha ,   Senior Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics, Lenora Institute of Dental Sciences, Rajahmundry.
Published: November 2022

Aim: The aim of this randomized controlled clinical trial was to assess the clinical and radiographic effects of 1.2% Atorvastatin (ATV) gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in treating chronic periodontitis patients with and without Type II diabetes. Materials and Methods: 40 subjects ageing between 30 to 50 years were included in the study and were divided into two groups: Group A (chronic periodontitis) and Group B (Type II diabetics with chronic periodontitis). Periodontal status was assessed by using plaque index, modified sulcular bleeding index(mSBI), probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level(CAL) at baseline and 6 months. Intrabony defect depth fill was assessed by comparing periapical radiographs taken at baseline and at 6 months. Results: Both the groups showed significant improvements in all the parameters from baseline to 6 months with no significant difference during the intergroup comparison. However, in Group A, there was greater fill in mean intrabony defect compared to Group B with statistical significance during intra and intergroup comparison Conclusion: Local delivery of 1.2% ATV showed beneficial effects on periodontium with improvement in all clinical parameters. Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that ATV, can be used for periodontal regeneration in angular defects due to chronic periodontitis.