bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Energy in Sustainable Architecture and Green Roofs in Construction: A Review of Challenges and Advantages
Authors: ziaee Sara , Gholampour Zeynab , Soleymani Mina , Doraj Parisa , Eskandani Omid Hossein , Kadaei Samireh
Published: September 2022

Sustainability has been one of architecture’s most significant trends over the last twenty years. The environmental consciousness of professionals has put sustainability at the heart of the architectural profession and has contributed to adopting and implementing sustainable designs on the scale of urban landscapes. A green roof or living roof, which is a sustainable solution in architecture, is a roof on the surface of which plants are grown. The roof is covered by plants, covering the waterproof layer beneath the vegetation. However, various types of plants can be used in this scheme. Understanding the influencing factors in choosing the right plant species and the impact that utilizing green roofs has on the overall energy consumption of the building can tremendously help scientists and clarify the possible future research topics in this field. Hence, this article investigates energy optimization in the construction process of a green roof in sustainable architecture and its advantages and challenges. The results of this study show that budget limitations, managerial and organizational policies, legal issues, technical and scientific infrastructure, and cultural and geographical aspects are all affecting the widespread use of green roofs currently and need to be considered in future studies.
Research on the Innovative Development of Network Literature and Art under the Background of Mobile Digitalization
Authors: Tang Bingyan
Published: September 2022

The development of the times, the advancement of technology, and the innovation of the Internet have formed the soil for the growth of network literature and art. At present, there are still problems in the network literature and art, such as mixed fish and dragons, low quality, emphasis on entertainment, and weak responsibility, but its development is expected. Network literature and art is the product of the combination of literature and art and the development of science and technology. Meanwhile, network literature and art are an important part of social and economic development. It needs to seize the new opportunities of mobile digital technology to empower the creation, production, and dissemination of online literary and artistic works. Control the quality of online literature and art, guide its positive dissemination, and make it contribute to the prosperity of the entire Chinese literature and art.
The Correlation between Endotoxin, D-Lactate, and Diamine Oxidase with Endoscopic Activity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Zhang Qi , Gao Xin , Wu Jixiong , Chen Min
Published: September 2022

Background and Objective. The disease activity monitoring of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) plays a crucial role for making therapeutic strategies. Endoscopy has been recognized as a gold standard for evaluating disease activity of IBD. However, this method is invasive. Currently, a noninvasive biomarker that could replace endoscope is needed in clinical practice. In this study, we examined whether the diamine oxidase (DAO), D-lactate, and endotoxin (ETX) could monitor the disease activity and predict endoscopic remission in patient with IBD. Methods. A total of 149 eligible IBD patients including 82 Crohn disease (CD) and 67 Ulcerative colitis (UC) who had received both endoscopic examination and intestinal barrier function detection in our hospital were enrolled in this study. Endoscopic activity was estimated by the Simple Endoscopic Score (SES-CD) for Crohn’s Disease and the ulcerative colitis endoscopic index of severity (UCEIS) for ulcerative colitis. The predictive value and optimal predictive thresholds for those biomarkers were determined by receiver operating characteristic analysis. Results. For UC patients, DAO, D-lactate, and ETX showed better correlation with UCEIS than erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) and exhibited satisfactory predictive value in predicting remission. Among patients with CD, DAO and ETX not only showed a better correlation than WBC, ESR, and CRP with SES-CD but also capable to identify more severe patients. Conclusion. DAO and ETX could be used to distinguish different endoscopic activity of CD. DAO, D-lactate, and ETX could predict UC endoscopic remission.
β-Elemene Improves Morphine Tolerance in Bone Cancer Pain via N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor 2B Subunit-Mediated μ-Opioid Receptor
Authors: Zhou Qinfei , Gong Liyan , Bao Guanai , Ding Qunfang , Ji Jingjing
Published: September 2022

Background. Improving morphine tolerance (MT) is an urgent problem in the clinical treatment of bone cancer pain. Considering that β-Elemene is widely used in the treatment of cancer pain, we explored the effects and mechanism of β-Elemene in preventing MT of bone cancer pain. Method. Bone cancer pain and chronic MT rat model was established by injecting MADB106 cells and morphine (10 mg/kg). SH-SY5Y cells were treated with morphine (10 μg/mL) for 48 h to establish a cell model. The mechanical withdrawal threshold and thermal withdrawal latency of rats were detected by mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia tests, respectively. The protein expressions of μ-opioid receptor (MOPR), cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 2B (NR2B), phosphorylated-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (p-CaMKII), and CaMKII were detected by western blot. The viability of SH-SY5Y cells was determined by the cell counting kit-8 assay. cAMP content in SH-SY5Y cells was measured by a LANCE cAMP kit. Result. Animal experiments showed that MT strengthened over time, while increased β-Elemene dosage alleviated MT. The viability of SH-SY5Y cells was down-regulated by high-dose β-Elemene. In the rat and cell models, long-term morphine treatment decreased the expression of MOPR and increased the cAMP and NR2B expressions and p-CaMKII/CaMKII, while β-Elemene and siNR2B counteracted the effects of morphine treatment. In addition, siNR2B reversed the effects of β-Elemene on related protein expressions and cAMP content in the cell model. Conclusion. β-Elemene improved MT in bone cancer pain through the regulation of NR2B-mediated MOPR.
Ação humanitária e direito à saúde: de onde viemos e onde estamos
Authors: Lima Mariana Reis de Souza , Campos Roberta de Freitas
Published: September 2022

Este artigo teve por objetivo identificar pontos de encontro entre ação humanitária e direito à saúde. Para tal, foi realizada busca na plataforma Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde e em publicações do Instituto de Estudios sobre Conflictos y Acción Humanitaria. Também se buscaram artigos diretamente pelo nome de autores consagrados no campo de saúde global. A associação entre ação humanitária e direito à saúde existe desde os primórdios do campo humanitário e ainda hoje é caracterizada pelo acesso a tratamento, bens e serviços e direitos do paciente, mas a dimensão moderna do conceito de saúde ainda não está muito clara na prática da ação humanitária. Sobre esta última, a diretriz geral, inclusive da Agenda pela Humanidade estabelecida pela Organização das Nações Unidas, é que ocorra concomitantemente a ações de cooperação para o desenvolvimento, mas pouco se discutem ações humanitárias paralelamente ao fortalecimento do Regulamento Sanitário Internacional. O encontro entre ação humanitária e direito à saúde ainda é permeado pelos paradoxos e desafios internos desses dois campos.
O (novo) marco civil da telemedicina: a construção de um ambiente regulatório saudável para as novas práticas telemédicas
Authors: Garcia Marco Aurélio Fernandes , Costa José Augusto Fontoura
Published: September 2022

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo principal fornecer subsídios para a regulamentação da telemedicina no Brasil. Com o advento da pandemia de covid-19, instrumentos normativos foram elaborados às pressas para regular a oferta de atenção médica a distância, com o uso de tecnologias da informação sincrônicas. Contudo, tanto a Lei da Telemedicina quanto a resolução do Conselho Federal de Medicina n. 2.227/2018 que a seguiu, autorizando o uso da telemedicina, foram omissas em relação às balizas e aos parâmetros que a oferta de serviços telemédicos deveriam seguir. Embora não seja propriamente um fenômeno novo no Brasil, a telemedicina historicamente se deu em um ambiente de forte insegurança jurídica. Esse cenário é deletério tanto para as empresas, que deixam de se capacitar para prestar serviços telemédicos, como para os pacientes, que se veem obrigados a desfrutar desses serviços em um ambiente pouco regulado e potencialmente lesivo. Com base nisso, este artigo elencou pontos sensíveis que merecem atenção do legislador e das partes interessadas para que haja regulamentação da telemedicina, incluindo temas como a relação telemédico-paciente, responsabilidade telemédica e das plataformas, prontuário telemédico  eletrônico, entre outros. Essa regulamentação pode proporcionar mais segurança jurídica e clareza  regulatória,apontando para a construção de um ambiente regulatório saudável para as novas práticas telemédicas.
Laudo médico e a sua utilização em ações judiciais de fornecimento de medicamentos
Authors: Alves Deny Eduardo Pereira
Published: September 2022

O artigo discutiu os requisitos ínsitos do laudo médico e receituário decorrentes do julgamento do Recurso Especial n. 1.657.156/RJ, no qual o Superior Tribunal de Justiça fixou as bases de observância obrigatória por todos os juízes brasileiros para determinação de fornecimento de fármacos não constantes das listas oficiais do Sistema Único de Saúde. Foi feita pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, com abordagem qualitativa e exploratória, a partir do acórdão disponibilizado pelo portal do Superior Tribunal de Justiça; seguiu-se, então, para consultas às demais fontes bibliográficas, dentre as quais Google Scholar, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Scientific Electronic Library Online e Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações do Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia. Por fim, passou-se à análise dos achados e, com embasamento teórico e empírico, buscou-se compreender e justificar as exigências relativas a laudo médico utilizado em ações judiciais, em uma tentativa de contribuir para a gestão da política sanitária e dos próprios processos judiciais, bem como para a popularização do precedente. Concluiu-se que o precedente do Superior Tribunal de Justiça levara à exigência de laudos médicos com mais informações, demandando nova atuação dos médicos, e à expectativa de priorização dos protocolos clínicos, das diretrizes terapêuticas e dos medicamentos constantes das listas oficiais do Sistema Único de Saúde.
The West African Illegal Migrant Experience in Transit and across the Mediterranean Sea, 2015–2020
Authors: Preko Alexander
Published: September 2022

International migration is regarded as one of the major challenges facing regions, nations and continents around the globe. This study aims to describe the lived experiences of undocumented West African migrants (WAM) along their journey to Europe, transiting through North African countries and crossing the Mediterranean Sea by boat. The study adopts a phenomenological research approach, using Google News articles and interviews as the data sources to explore undocumented migrant experiences, and thematic analysis. The results show that the journey is contextualised by perspectives of extortion, slavery and life-threatening incidents. Furthermore, the findings reveal experiences of torture, abuse and violence in the form of beatings, burning, gang-rape, forced labour and imprisonment. The article provides the first insight into the lived experiences of WAM on the Mediterranean routes in context. It will be valuable to migration authorities, academics and practitioners in enhancing policy formulation and implementation.
Secondary Use of Personal Health Data: When Is It “Further Processing” Under the GDPR, and What Are the Implications for Data Controllers?
Authors: Becker Regina , Chokoshvili Davit , Comandé Giovanni , Dove Edward S. , Hall Alison , Mitchell Colin , Molnár-Gábor Fruzsina , Nicolàs Pilar , Tervo Sini , Thorogood Adrian
Published: September 2022

Contemporary biomedical research heavily relies on secondary use of personal health data that were obtained in a different clinical or research setting. Under the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), data controllers processing personal data must comply with the principle of purpose limitation, which restricts further processing of personal data beyond the purpose for which the data were initially collected. However, “further processing” is not explicitly defined, resulting in considerable interpretive ambiguities as to whether “secondary use” of data by researchers constitutes “further processing” under the GDPR. This ambiguity is problematic as it exposes researchers to potential non-compliance risks. In this article, we analyse the term “further processing” within the meaning of the GDPR, elucidate important aspects in which it differs from “secondary use”, and discuss the implications for data controllers’ GDPR compliance obligations. Subsequently, we contextualise this analysis within a broader discussion of regulating scientific research under the GDPR.
Longitudinal transmittance of visible and near-infrared light in the wood of 21 conifer species
Authors: Abe Hisashi , Kurata Yohei , Watanabe Ken , Kitin Peter , Kojima Miho , Yazaki Kenichi
Published: September 2022

Light transmittance and reflectance were measured in 21 conifer species using a spectrophotometer equipped with an integrating sphere and light within a wavelength range of 500–1200 nm, to clarify the variety of longitudinal light transmitting properties among wood species. Transmittance values varied not only among different species but also between the sapwood and heartwood within certain species. Transmittance intensity increased from about 600–700 nm and showed peaks or shoulders in the ranges of 870–900 nm and 930–950 nm, and at around 1100 nm in all samples. The spectra tended to show similar patterns for 2 species within the same genus (Chamaecyparis, Abies, Picea, Pinus, Pseudotsuga and Tsuga).

Light transmittance differed between the sapwood and the heartwood in several species, and, patterns of the difference differed among the different genera.

Peaks at around 1100 nm were observed in both the sapwood and heartwood of all samples. Maximum conductivities of light at these peaks were relatively lower in wood species with helical thickenings (genera Pseudotsuga, Torreya and Taxus). Based on these results, it can be seen that the anatomical characteristics of wood influence the transmittance of light. The density of wood and secondary metabolites occurring in heartwood are also thought to influence the transmittance of light.
Politics in the Roman Republic: Perspectives from Niebuhr to Gelzer
Authors: Barber Cary M.
Published: September 2022

This work provides historiographical surveys of four transformative historians: Barthold Niebuhr, Theodor Mommsen, Friedrich Münzer, and Matthias Gelzer. Close analysis of each author reveals their innovations – methodological, narrative, and philosophical – to be foundational to modern historical praxis, particularly within studies of the Roman Republic: these maestri rendered political history susceptible to ‘scientific’ inquiry, systematized available evidence, and crafted frameworks for reimagining premodernity. Likewise, their interventions on Republican political culture still define the discipline. Much, in other words, is owed to their efforts. Yet, the field has forgotten these scholars. Engagement, where it exists, consists of perfunctory review and repudiation. In response, this work advocates an alternative historiography balancing critical retrospection with pragmatic revitalization. Our four scholars are reevaluated. Standard critiques are refuted, and emphasis is placed on their texts’ utility: as exemplars, untapped fonts, but also cautionary models, whose establishment of conventional historicism demands scrutiny. In agreement with voices from related fields, the book calls for (re)considerations of ‘ideology’ and an ‘ontological turn’ in Roman studies.
Regulation of Photoelectric Properties of Heterojunction Device by Oxygen Adsorption on ZnO Surface
Authors: Hu Jizhou , Ji Tao
Published: September 2022

An optoelectronic-gas-sensing integrated sensor based on ZnO nanopillars/p-Si (100) heterojunction was prepared via a hydrothermal growth and calcination and then Ag electrodes plated process. Electron traps generated by oxygen adsorption on ZnO surface affect both dark current and
photocurrent of the device under negative bias by reducing the electron concentration. I–V curve characteristics revealed that oxygen adsorption on ZnO surface reduces electron concentration by about 1/3, which greatly reduces the dark current with a slight decrease of the photocurrent,
resulting signal-to-noise ratio increased. This will provide a theoretical support for design a device integrating photoelectric sensing and gas sensing.
Preparation, characterization and application of docetaxel-loaded methoxy polyethylene glycol-octacosanol micelles for breast cancer therapy
Authors: Chen Mengyi , Wu Haifeng , Zhang Haina , Lin Jingjing , Yu Xuben , Xu Qiaoqiao
Published: September 2022

Objective: To prepare docetaxel (DOC)-loaded methoxy polyethylene glycol-octacosanol (MPEG2K-Oct) micelles and evaluate the in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity. Methods: DOC/MPEG-Oct was prepared using the thin-film hydration method. The physicochemical
property including size, zeta potential and drug release behavior were studies. The in vitro cytotoxicity and the in vivo antitumor activity were evaluated. Results: The prepared DOC/MPEG-Oct micelles had a small size, as well as high drug loading capacity and encapsulation
efficiency. These micelles also performed a sustained and controllable in vitro drug release. Besides, they showed a good inhibiting effect of tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion: DOC/MPEG-Oct nanomicelles might be considered as a safe and efficient
drug delivery system for DOC.
Management of Diverticulitis in Renal Transplant Patients
Authors: Batra Rishi , Rudnicki Yaron , Stapleton Sahael , Gan Tong , Mathis Kellie L. , Kelley Scott R.
Published: September 2022

Background

Renal transplant patients presenting with diverticulitis remain a clinical challenge for health care professionals. Secondary to immunosuppression, renal transplant recipients are often considered for early operative intervention due to concerns for an unreliable physical exam and feared morbidity and mortality associated with non-operative management.

Methods

This study aimed to evaluate trends in management of renal transplant patients with diverticulitis at a quaternary referral center.

Results

One hundred ninety-one renal transplant patients admitted to the hospital with diverticulitis were identified. Of this cohort, 71 (37%) underwent surgical resection, of which 20 (28%) were performed emergently. The overall 30-day operative mortality was 8% (6/71), of which there was a significant difference between emergent (25%, 5/20) and elective (2%, 1/51) groups ( P = .006). Patients who underwent elective surgery were more likely to receive a minimally invasive approach (51%) and were significantly more likely to undergo stoma reversal ( P = .006).

Discussion

Our study shows that not all renal transplants with diverticulitis will require operative intervention and many can be safely treated non-operatively. Elective resection and surgical management should be considered on an individual basis. Patients treated with elective resection were more likely to undergo a minimally invasive approach and restoration of intestinal continuity.
The Standardized S-X2 Statistic for Assessing Item Fit
Authors: Han Zhuangzhuang , Sinharay Sandip , Johnson Matthew S. , Liu Xiang
Published: September 2022

The S- X2 statistic (Orlando & Thissen, 2000) is popular among researchers and practitioners who are interested in the assessment of item fit. However, the statistic suffers from the Chernoff–Lehmann problem (Chernoff & Lehmann, 1954) and hence does not have a known asymptotic null distribution. This paper suggests a modified version of the S- X2 statistic that is based on the modified Rao–Robson χ2 statistic (Rao & Robson, 1974). A simulation study and a real data analyses demonstrate that the use of the modified statistic instead of the S- X2 statistic would lead to fewer items being flagged for misfit.
Long-term follow-up of autologous peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for refractory lupus nephritis—a series study of 20 patients
Authors: Yang Liu , Ren Guisheng , Chen Wencui , Zhao Liang , Guo Jinzhou , Ge Yongchun , Zeng Caihong , Hu Weixin , Huang Xianghua , Zhang Haitao
Published: September 2022

Background

Autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (ASCT) improves immunologic homeostasis in autoimmune diseases. ASCT-treated refractory lupus nephritis (LN) has been reported. Nevertheless, the long-term outcome of patients with refractory LN after ASCT remains unknown. This study reports the outcomes of 20 refractory lupus patients with 10-year of follow-up after receiving ASCT.

Methods

Twenty-two patients with LN refractory to immunosuppressive therapy were enrolled. Twenty patients were examined closely and two cases died within 100 days after ASCT. Hematopoietic cell mobilization with cyclophosphamide and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was followed by collection of CD34+ positively selected cells. The conditioning regimen consisted of intravenous cyclophosphamide, rabbit antithymocyte globulin, methylprednisolone, and G-CSF. All immunosuppressive therapies were discontinued at the start of mobilization and corticosteroids were tapered rapidly after ASCT.

Results

Data was collected from 22 patients with refractory LN treated by ASCT. 59% were female, duration of lupus before ASCT was 46 (33–71) months, and median duration of follow-up after ASCT was 89.5 (56–108) months. 20 long-term followed up patients had an average follow-up time of 92 months (63.25–109.5). Eighteen patients achieved complete remission, one patient reached partial remission, one patient without remission started peritoneal dialysis at month 12, and one patient received short-term renal replacement therapy before ASCT started hemodialysis at 84 months after transplantation. Nine patients relapsed 10 times during the follow-up, and three patients received rituximab. Two patients relapsed during pregnancy after complete response and the Apgar scores of infants were 9 and 10, respectively. All nine patients received glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive medication after relapse and responded again. The 10-year overall survival, 10-year disease-free survival rate, and 10-year renal survival were 100%, 35%, and 90%, respectively. The rate of relapse was 45%. Complications included hypocytosis, infection, B-type insulin resistance syndrome, and monoclonal immunoglobulinemia.

Conclusion

This study suggests ASCT is effective and safety in treating refractory LN and is beneficial to improve their long-term outcomes.
Experimental study on axial compressive properties and failure mechanism of unidirectional covered carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composites
Authors: Fangtao Ruan , Chenglong Xia , He Wang , Hongjie Wang , Hongmei Zuo , Zhenzhen Xu
Published: September 2022

Axial compression performance is one of the main factors considered in the structural design of fiber-reinforced composites. However, the properties of the fibers in such composites are poor because of their orientation structures. Here, filament fibers were covered with reinforced fiber bundles to improve the axial compressive properties of the composites, and the effects of fiber covering on the axial compressive properties and failure modes of the composites were studied. The experimental results show that the covering can shorten the buckling wavelength of carbon fiber under compressive load, which can effectively improve the axial compression ability of the composite. A lower modulus of the covered filament reduced the potential to improve the compressive strength of the samples, and damage occurred primarily by splitting and shearing. With an increase in the covering density, the compressive strength and modulus gradually increased, and the damage mode changed from flexural instability to kinking damage.
Factors Influencing the AI Adoption in Organizations
Authors: Kurup Sreejith , Gupta Vivek
Published: September 2022

Adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in organizations is getting popular due to the impact it is creating in business and society. While AI as a technology has made progress due to advances in various research areas, there is limited study on the adoption of AI in organizations. This article intends to develop a model for identifying the factors influencing AI adoption in organizations. We developed the model using Diffusion of Innovation and Technology-Organization-Environment theories, adopted from the field of Information Systems. In this article, we provide an analysis of application of theories toward AI adoption and provide a model at organization level. We collected data by designing a survey on 7-point Likert scale to validate our proposed model using regression-based approach and structural equation modelling. The results suggest that the change capability of an organization and leadership positively impact the AI adoption in organizations. Further, our study reflects that AI readiness by the organizations and AI adoption by trading partners of an organization also impact AI adoption positively.
Development Schemes and the Hill District: Studying State–Society Relationship in Manipur
Authors: Das Tanmoy
Published: September 2022

This article emphasizes that in thinking about the state–society relationship in the hills of Manipur, we need to refocus our attention on how development schemes shape the way the villagers perceive and engage with the state. This calls for a fresh enquiry into state institutions such as Village Authority, Autonomous District Councils and District Rural Development Agency within the understanding of decentralization. The article looks into the complex interplay of the institutions of the state and explores the different equations of power within them, giving rise to new elites. It shows how development schemes are distributed and implemented in the villages, the difficulties in getting access to those schemes, and the means people employ to access them. Two flagship development schemes—Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme and Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana—are taken up to analyse the state–society relationship in this context.
Exploring Reasons for Low Female Labour Force Participation in Regular Salaried Jobs: Evidence from Young Lives Longitudinal Study in India
Authors: Singh Renu , Mukherjee Protap
Published: September 2022

Gender inequality in employment remains high in India with women’s work participation rate at 22% compared to 54% for males. Drawing upon evidence from Young Lives panel data, this article explores factors affecting labour force participation and gender inequity, especially with reference to regular salaried jobs amongst young adults at age 22. Logistic regression analysis reveals that young women are 59% less likely to be in regular salaried jobs compared to their male counterparts with Fairlie decomposition analysis revealing that marital status alone contributes more than 98% of the gender gap in regular salaried employment. Vocational education, job-related training, early reading skills at age 8, frequent use of computer and high GRIT scores are other positive significant factors associated with regular salaried jobs. This article concludes with policy recommendations for promoting young women’s well-being, as well as their income-generation opportunities and participation in the formal labour market.
Understanding the Impact of COVID-19 on Indian Wedding Industry
Authors: Khan Waseem , Siddiquei Mohd Imran
Published: September 2022

The study aims to examine the impact of COVID-19 on the wedding industry. The nation-wide lockdown has negatively impacted majority of the sectors in the economy, However, the labour-intensive services sector was hit severely, and the wedding industry is one of them. The fear of spreading COVID-19 along with the government restrictions on the number of guests in wedding ceremonies have been the major factors. This led to a severe slowdown in the wedding industry. On an average, 1,000 people gather in urban and 800 people at a rural wedding. Guest restriction to 50 led to a decline value of the business by more than 90%, which ultimately created unemployment issues for the labour working in this sector. In the conclusion, the study suggested some future implications and directions for the wedding industry.
Closing-opening wedge osteotomy for the treatment of congenital kyphosis in children
Authors: Xu Hui-Fa , Li Chao , Ma Zhen-Sheng , Wu Zi-Xiang , Sha Jia , Diwu Wei-Long , Yan Ya-Bo , Liu Zhi-Chen , Fan Zong-Zhi , Huang Lu-Yu
Published: September 2022

Background

To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of posterior closed-open wedge osteotomy for treatment of congenital kyphosis in children.

Methods

Imaging and clinical data from January 2010 to December 2019 of posterior closed-open wedge osteotomy of congenital kyphosis with at least 2-year follow up was analyzed retrospectively. Perioperative indicators such as operation time, osteotomy site, osteotomy method and occurrence of complications, and imaging indicators were observed. The 3D printed models were used to measure the expanded distance of anterior edge vertebra and closed length of spinal canal line. The clinical effect was evaluated through SRS-22 questionnaires.

Results

There were 15 CK patients in this study. The osteotomy segments and details are as follows: 1 case each for T6-9 and L2, 2 cases at T11, 3 cases at T12, and 6 cases at L1. The average operation time was 314 min, the average blood loss was 970 mL, the average fusion range was 6.3 segments, and the average time of follow up was 70.5 months. The Cobb angle of local kyphosis was corrected from 65.6 ± 18.8° to 11.3 ± 7.1°( p < .001). The range of kyphosis correction was 40–90°, and average correction rate was 83.2% (67.7–95.7%). The correction was stable in follow-up, and the kyphotic angle was 11.0 ± 7.6 ( p = .68). The preoperative SVA was 31.5 ± 21.8 mm, and the postoperative recovery was 18.0 ± 15.5, while the last follow-up was 9.1 ± 7.9. The p values were 0.02 and 0.07 respectively. By using 3D printed models, the expanded distance of anterior edge vertebra and closed length of spinal canal line were 14.5 ± 7.5 mm and 24.5 ± 8.0 mm respectively. Self-image and satisfaction in SRS-22 improved significantly. There was no recurrence of deformity and junctional kyphosis.

Conclusions

The posterior closing-opening wedge osteotom for treatment of congenital kyphosis in children is satisfactory, if selected appropriately. During the longitudinal follow-up, the patients could achieve solid fusion and the correction could be well maintained. Evidence of Confidence: IVa
Review of the Pathologic Characteristics in Myhre Syndrome: Gain-of-Function Pathogenic Variants in SMAD4 cause a Multisystem Fibroproliferative Response
Authors: Starr Lois J , Lindsay Mark E , Perry Deborah , Gheewalla Gregory , VanderLaan Paul A , Majid Adnan , Strange Charlie , Costea George-Claudiu , Lungu Adrian , Lin Angela E
Published: September 2022

Background: Myhre syndrome, caused by pathogenic variants in SMAD4, is characterized by compact body habitus with short stature, distinctive craniofacial appearance, stiff skin, cardiovascular abnormalities (valve stenosis, coarctation, hypoplasia, or stenosis of aorta), effusions of potential spaces (pericardium, pleura, peritoneum), restricted movement of the joints (including thorax), and hearing loss. Lung and airway disease has been reported, but not always well-defined, to include interstitial lung disease, large airway obstruction, and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Excessive fibroproliferation of tissues especially following trauma or surgical instrumentation has been recognized, although these may also present spontaneously. Method: We report the pathologic features of 1 new patient with progressive choanal stenosis, and 22 literature cases, including the expanded history of 5 patients (3 who died). Results: Examination of patient tissues documents cellular fibroproliferation and deposition of excessive extracellular matrix explaining some of the observed clinical features of Myhre syndrome. Conclusion: Excessive fibrosis is noted in multiple tissues, especially heart, lung, and upper and lower airways. Our research provides the first systematic review to provide a knowledge base of gross and pathologic findings in Myhre syndrome.
A pressure-sensitive adhesive made from macca carbon for medical use
Authors: Sakdapipanich Jitladda , Rodgerd Phawasoot , Yakkul Sutaporn , Nijpanich Supinya
Published: September 2022

Macca carbon (MC), derived from high-temperature carbonized macadamia nut-in-shell wastes from macadamia nut processing, exhibits a high surface area, high number of electrons, and high efficiency in emitting far-infrared (FIR) radiation at wavelengths between 4 and 20 μm. Numerous inventions have demonstrated promising results in health improvement applications, such as increased blood circulation, less inflammation, and enhanced life expectancy. In this study, MC and a pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) were coupled to form a new bandage called an MC cohesive bandage. It was manufactured by combining various quantities of MC powder with PSA and applying it to a spandex fabric tape. The peeling test, water permeability, and skin irritation were examined. The quantity of FIR radiation between 6 and 14 μm and the thermal properties of MC cohesive bandages were investigated. The FIR penetration effectiveness was determined by measuring the temperature rises from the streaky pig skin covered with MC cohesive bandages at various depths.
Cyber-laundering: An Emerging Challenge for Law Enforcement
Authors: Handa Rakesh Kumar , Ansari Rizwan
Published: September 2022

Money laundering is an intense danger, which the world is confronting and present-day technologies are making it harder for law implementation to get the launderers. The emerging concept of cyber-laundering involving the use of the Internet is a flawless apparatus for launderers, which is amazingly quick, and a worldwide tool. Because of its decentralized design, the web has progressively turned into the component of choice of launderers to channel assets starting with one area and then onto the next without leaving signs. The washing of assets over the web, smartphones and mobile phones is made especially simple by the peer-to-peer exchanges, that is, money is straightforwardly moved starting with one individual and then onto the next across the world, lacking the contact of third party, like a monetary institution, in this way keeping away from monetary oversight and expected location. The maltreatment of the Internet by money launderers is conceivably highly dangerous. The principal objective of this article is to respond to the inquiry, for instance, how the Internet could be mishandled by launderers? In addition, the authors, in this article, have analysed national and international undertakings to fight money laundering as well as cyber-laundering and have attempted to shed light on understanding the answers on how to control it.
Internet use and gender wage gap: evidence from China
Authors: Ma Xinxin
Published: September 2022

This study explores the influence of Internet use on the gender wage gap in China by using national longitudinal survey data. A fixed effects and instrumental variable method were employed to address individual heterogeneity and other endogeneity problems. The study contributes in the form of four key conclusions. First, considering the endogeneity problems, the return to Internet use is higher for men than for women, unlike the results derived using the ordinary least squares model, which indicates the opposite. The individual heterogeneity problem considerably affects the results, thus suggesting a bias in earlier studies. The results of robustness checks based on the Internet use frequency for different purposes confirm the conclusions. Second, the gender difference in return to Internet use is higher in the low-education group and older age cohorts. Third, both the components—the gender disparity in Internet access and gender difference in return to Internet use—widen the gender wage gap, with the gender difference in return to Internet use having a higher impact. Fourth, the effects of these two components on the gender wage gap vary with the educational attainment and age cohorts.
Adapting prenatal iron supplementation to maternal needs results in optimal child neurodevelopment: a follow-up of the ECLIPSES Study
Authors: Iglesias-Vázquez Lucía , Hernández-Martínez Carmen , Voltas Núria , Canals Josefa , Coronel Pilar , Gimeno Mercedes , Arija Victoria
Published: September 2022

Background

Prenatal prescription of standard iron supplements to prevent iron deficiency appears not to be appropriate for all women and their children, as some women may be at risk of iron deficiency and others at risk of iron excess early in pregnancy. The present study aimed to assess whether prenatal iron supplementation adapted to the needs of each pregnant woman affects their child’s neurodevelopment.

Methods

Follow-up of a community-based RCT involving 503 mother–child pairs. Non-anaemic pregnant women recruited in Tarragona (Spain) early in pregnancy were prescribed a daily iron dose based on their initial haemoglobin levels: Stratum 1 (Hb = 110–130 g/L, 80 or 40 mg/d of iron) and Stratum 2 (Hb > 130 g/L, 40 or 20 mg/d of iron). Women receiving 40 mg/d were considered the control group in each Strata. The child’s neurodevelopment was assessed at 40 days of age using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-III (BSID-III). Adjusted multiple regression models were used.

Results

Multiple regression analyses showed no association between the intervention and control group within each Strata on the BSID-III scores on any of the developmental scales in children, including cognitive, language, and motor development: Stratum 1 (β 1.46, 95%CI -2.15, 5.07; β 1.30, 95%CI -1.99, 4.59; and β 2.04, 95%CI -3.88, 7.96, respectively) and Stratum 2 (β -4.04, 95%CI -7.27, 0.80; β -0.36, 95%CI -3.47, 2.75; and β -3.76, 95%CI -9.30, 1.78, respectively).

Conclusions

In non-anaemic women in early pregnancy, no differences were found in the cognitive, language and motor development of children at 40 days of age between the dose of iron tested in each case –adjusted to initial Hb levels– compared to the dose of the control group. Further studies are guaranteed to confirm our findings.

Trial registration

The ECLIPSES study was registered at www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu as EudraCT number 2012–005,480-28.
Construction of CeRNA regulatory network based on WGCNA reveals diagnosis biomarkers for colorectal cancer
Authors: Xiang Jun , Gao Li , Jing Hao Yu , Liu Yun Xiao , Wang Hu Fei , Chang Ze Wen , Liu Shi Hao , Yu Lei , Wang Gui Yu
Published: September 2022

Background

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cause of death among cancers in the world. Although improvements in various treatments have greatly improved the survival time of colorectal cancer patients, since colorectal cancer is often at an advanced stage when diagnosed, the prognosis of patients is still very poor. Since the ceRNA regulatory network was proposed in 2011, it has greatly promoted the study of the molecular mechanism of colorectal cancer occurrence and development.

Objective

Exploring the new molecular mechanism of colorectal cancer occurrence and development and providing new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer.

Method

We analyzed the RNA-seq data of CRC from TCGA, such as differential expression analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and construction of ceRNA regulatory network.

Results

We constructed a ceRNA network using RNA-seq data of CRC from TCGA. In the ceRNA regulatory network, 19 hub molecules with significant prognostic effects were ultimately identified, including 8 lncRNAs, 2 mRNAs and 9 miRNAs. These hub molecules constitute the lncRNA-miRNA, miRNA-mRNA or lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA axis.

Conclusion

In this article, some new ceRNA regulatory axes have been discovered, which may potentially disclose new molecular mechanisms for the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer, thereby providing an important blueprint for the treatment and prognosis assessment of CRC patients.
A comparative study of the prevalence of myopia and behavioral changes in primary school students
Authors: Xiao Haishao , Jiang Dandan , Wang Yanhui , Sun Bing , Li Chunchun , Lin Yaoyao , Liu Linjie , Huang Xiaoqiong , Vasudevan Balamurali , Chen Yanyan
Published: September 2022

Objective

To analyze the changes in the prevalence of myopia and its relation to ocular biological parameters, and behaviors among primary school students in China, and understand the prevention and control of myopia.

Methods

Cross-sectional surveys were performed on 7–9-year-old children in the yrs. 2012 and 2019. In addition, spherical equivalent refraction (SER), axial length (AL), and AL/corneal radius ratio (AL/CR ratio) were collected without cycloplegia. Participants completed detailed questionnaires on behavior related to myopia.

Results

Data was collected on 623 children (8.02 ± 0.57 years old) in 2012 and 536 students in 2019 (8.09 ± 0.65 years old). The prevalence of myopia was 37.7% in 2012 and 39.9% in 2019. The SER was -0.25 (0.92) D in 2012 and -0.25 (1.25) in 2019. There was no statistical difference in the prevalence of myopia and SER over the 7 years (all P > 0.05). In 2019, the prevalence of myopia among girls demonstrated an increasing trend (33.8% vs. 37.8%), but there was no statistical difference (P > 0.05). The mean AL and AL/CR ratio of boys were decreasing (all P < 0.05). The proportion of children reading more than 2 h and using digital devices for more than 2 h per day after their classes in the 2019 group both decreased (all P < 0.05). However, the proportion of activities performed outdoors for more than 2 h./day decreased significantly (P = 0.001).

Conclusion

Compared with 2012, the prevalence of myopia in primary school students in 2019 was under control, which may be related to the improvement of children's near-work behavior, but there was the problem of insufficient outdoor activity time. In terms of ocular biological parameters, the risk of myopia for boys in 2019 was lower.
Mean platelet volume as a predictive biomarker for in-hospital mortality in patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation
Authors: Zheng Yingying , Luo Zujin , Cao Zhixin
Published: September 2022

Background

Although mean platelet volume (MPV) has been reported to be associated with poor prognosis of various critical illness, the relationship between MPV and in-hospital mortality among patients undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) is unclear.

Methods

A retrospective observational study including patients receiving IMV was conducted from January, 2014 to January, 2019. The patients were divided into two groups by MPV cutoff value. The receiver operating characteristics curve was used to evaluate the predictive ability of MPV for in-hospital mortality. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis were conducted to analyze the value of MPV for predicting in-hospital mortality. Kaplan–Meier cumulative incidence curve was employed to observe the incidence of in-hospital mortality.

Results

A total of 274 patients were enrolled in the study, and 42 patients (15.3%) died in hospital. MPV > 11.4 fl was a valuable predictor for in-hospital mortality (AUC0.848; 95%CI, 0.800–0.889) with sensitivity 66.7%, and specificity = 86.21%. MPV > 11.4 fl was an independent risk factor for in-hospital mortality (adjusted HR 2.640, 95%CI, 1.208–5.767, P = 0.015). Compared to the group of MPV ≤ 11.4 fl, patients with MPV > 11.4 fl had increased mortality (log-rank test = 40.35, HR = 8.723, P < 0.0001). The relationship between MPV and in-hospital mortality was stronger in female patients than in male patients.

Conclusion

MPV > 11.4 fl is a more useful marker for predicting in-hospital mortality among critically ill patients receiving IMV, especially in female patients. Attention to the MPV marker is simple and profitable with immediate applicability in daily clinical practice.
Diagnostic accuracy of adropin as a preliminary test to exclude acute pulmonary embolism: a prospective study
Authors: Orun Serhat , Celikkol Aliye , Basol Batuhan Ilbey , Yeniay Elif
Published: September 2022

Background

This study aims to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of adropin as a biomarker to exclude the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism (PE).

Methods

Patients admitted to the emergency department of a tertiary health centre between August 2019 and August 2020 and diagnosed with PE were included in this prospective cohort study. The amount of serum adropin was determined in patients with (PE) and compared with that of healthy volunteers. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed with the obtained data, and the area under the curve (AUC) with a 95% confidence interval was determined. The parameters of diagnostic accuracy for PE were determined.

Results

A total of 57 participants were included in the study (28 controls and 29 PE patients). The mean adropin level in the PE group was 187.33 ± 62.40 pg/ml, which was significantly lower than that in the control group (524.06 ± 421.68 pg/ml) (p < 0.001). When the optimal adropin cut-off value was 213.78 pg/ml, the likelihood ratio of the adropin test was 3.4, and the sensitivity of the adropin test at this value was 82% with specificity of 75% (95% CI; AUC: 0.821).

Conclusion

Our results suggest that adropin may be considered for further study as a candidate marker for the exclusion of the diagnosis of PE. However, more research is required to verify and support the generalizability of our study results.