bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of load carrying on required coefficient of friction
Authors: Seo Jung-Suk , Kim Sukwon
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND:

A load carrying task was identified as a major factor leading to slip and fall injuries such as overexertion and bodily reaction. Holding a load in front of the body while walking would shift the whole body center-of-mass to the front, loading additional rotational torque at the foot-ground contact.

OBJECTIVES:

The present study evaluated if carrying a load would increase the likelihood of slip initiation and the slip severity.

METHODS:

Eleven young and 10 older adults participated in the present study. A dry surface or a slippery surface was introduced while walking. Slip distance, peak sliding heel velocity, heel contact velocity, and required coefficient of friction were measured to test the study hypotheses.

RESULTS:

The results showed that significant main effects were found in slip distance, and peak sliding heel velocity and no main effect were found in heel contact velocity and required coefficient of friction.

CONCLUSION:

In conclusion, younger adults were found to slip longer and faster on the slippery surface while carrying a load. On the contrary, the older adults employed a safety-centered gait adaptation while carrying, to maintain slip initiation and severity characteristics at the same level as normal walking. Furthermore, light load carriage at 10% of body weight was suggested as a safe task for the elderly.
The coexistence of a patent foramen ovale and obstructive sleep apnea may increase the risk of wake-up stroke in young adults
Authors: Man Honghao , Xu Yongtao , Zhao Zhenming , Zhang Shupei , Lv Renhua , Chi Xianglin , Li Xia , Zhang Zhaoqiang
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND:

Patent foramen ovale (PFO) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are independent risk factors for young conscious stroke which may also be concomitant symptoms with it. But there is no sufficient attention on these phenomena.

OBJECTIVE:

To investigate the relationship between PFO, OSA and young stroke, and to look for proper treatment.

METHODS:

Three patients with young conscious stroke were reported, each of them was combined with PFO and OSA. All patients were diagnosed as wake-up stroke (WUS). Contrast-enhanced transcranial doppler ultrasound (c-TCD) and polysomnography (PSG) test were used for auxiliary diagnosis.

RESULTS:

Right-to-left shunts and moderate to severe sleep apnea were observed. Increased body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin (HGB) and hematocrit (HCT) index were also observed. After continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, the number of microbubbles was reduced in one patient.

CONCLUSIONS:

These suggest that coexistence of PFO and OSA may associate with a greater risk of youth stroke. Decrease risk of stroke might occur if treating with CPAP in patients with OSA.
A novel Log penalty in a path seeking scheme for biomarker selection
Authors: Wang Sai , Zhang Hui , Chai Hua , Liang Yong
Published: April 2019

Biomarker selection or feature selection from survival data is a topic of considerable interest. Recently various survival analysis approaches for biomarker selection have been developed; however, there are growing challenges to currently methods for handling high-dimensional and low-sample problem. We propose a novel Log-sum regularization estimator within accelerated failure time (AFT) for predicting cancer patient survival time with a few biomarkers. This approach is implemented in path seeking algorithm to speed up solving the Log-sum penalty. Additionally, the control parameter of Log-sum penalty is modified by Bayesian information criterion (BIC). The results indicate that our proposed approach is able to achieve good performance in both simulated and real datasets with other [Formula: see text] type regularization methods for biomarker selection.
Estimation and clinical verification of the effective and skin doses for pediatric and adult patients undergoing the cardiac interventional examination using five PMMA phantoms and TLD/ionization chamber technique
Authors: Wu Keng-Yi , Chen Wei-Ting , Kuo Hsun-Nan , Pan Lung-Fa , Pan Lung-Kwang
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND:

Effective and skin doses gain much attention since the cardiac catheterization laboratory (CCL) is a place where both patients and medical staff are exposed to X-ray or fluoroscopy environment and gain a cumulative dose during the cardiac interventional procedure.

OBJECTIVE:

These doses for pediatric and adult patients undergone cardiac interventional examination using five PMMA phantoms and thermoluminescence dosimeter (TLD)/ionization chamber technique were estimated in this work with the further clinical verification.

METHODS:

Five PMMA phantoms (10, 30, 50, 70, and 90 kg) were customized to represent baby, child, adult female, adult male, and overweight adult (by Asian complexion standards), respectively, in accordance with the ICRU-48 report. Each phantom could be disassembled into 31 plates to insert TLD chips for measuring X-ray exposed dose or assisted with an auxiliary plate to insert high-sensitivity ionization chamber for surveying low-energy fluoroscopy dose.

RESULTS:

The data acquired from five phantoms were integrated into four semi-empirical formulas, in order to fit the binary quadratic form “Dose [Formula: see text] A[Formula: see text] BMI[Formula: see text]+B[Formula: see text] DAP[Formula: see text]+C[Formula: see text] BMI+ D[Formula: see text] DAP+E”. The latter linked the X-ray and fluoroscopy effective/skin doses, respectively, with a high coefficient of determination [Formula: see text](from 0.888 to 0.986).

CONCLUSIONS:

The model refinement with DAP share adjustment is envisaged.
Comparison of support vector machines based on particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithm in sleep staging
Authors: Geng Duyan , Zhao Jie , Dong Jiaji , Jiang Xing
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND:

Heart rate variability (HRV) can reflect the relationship between heart rhythm and sleep structure.

OBJECTIVE:

In order to study the effect of support vector machine (SVM) on the results of automatic sleep staging and improve the effectiveness of heart rate variability (HRV) as a sleep structure biomarker, thereby realize long term and non-contact monitoring of sleep quality.

METHODS:

Two kinds of parameter optimization methods are applied to stage sleep experiments when the known SVM can be used for automatic sleep staging. By factor analysis of the time domain, frequency domain, and nonlinear dynamic characteristics of subjects’ HRV signals, the accuracy of the cross-validation method (K-CV) is used as the fitness function value in genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO). Furthermore, GA and PSO are used to optimize the SVM parameters.

RESULTS:

The results show that the accuracy rate of sleep stage is 64.44% when parameters are not optimized, the accuracy rate based on PSO is improved to 78.89% and the accuracy rate based on GA is improved to 84.44%.

CONCLUSION:

Both optimization algorithms can improve the accuracy of SVM for sleep staging and better results based on GA in the experiment.
Thermo-responsive hydrogel as an anti-VEGF drug delivery system to inhibit retinal angiogenesis in Rex rabbits
Authors: Hu Chao-Chien , Chiu Yin-Chen , Chaw Jen-Ray , Chen Chin-Fu , Liu Hsia-Wei
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND:

Wet age-related macular degeneration (Wet AMD) has been treated clinically by intravitreal injection of bevacizumab, which is a kind of the anti-VEGF antibody drug. Nevertheless, because of the short half-life and frequent injections, the use of this treatment is limited.

OBJECTIVE:

To confirm whether mPEG-PLGA-BOX can be considered as a VEGF drug delivery system to inhibit retinal angiogenesis.

METHODS:

A thermo-responsive hydrogel of methoxy-poly (ethylene glycol)-block-poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (mPEG-PLGA-BOX) was synthesized. The thermo-responsive hydrogel mPEG-PLGA-BOX was able to have sol-gel phase transition upon stimulation by the body temperature with improved biocompatibility and biodegradation. The bevacizumab released from mPEG-PLGA-BOX inhibited RF/6A cells according to a JC-1 assay, which indicated that the released bevacizumab was active to be able to suppress the growth of new blood vessels. In an animal study, retinal laser photocoagulation was performed to induce angiogenesis in the eyes of Rex rabbits using an 810-mm laser.

RESULTS:

The retina was penetrated when the laser power was more than 500 mW and the exposure time was more than 500 ms. New blood vessels were created at the 28th day after retinal laser photocoagulation. At this time, intravitreal 0.05-mL injections of mPEG-PLGA-BOX (bevacizumab) solution were administered. The bevacizumab released from mPEG-PLGA-BOX (bevacizumab) solution suppressed the angiogenesis. In an in vivo study, the histomorphology of the rabbit retina also indicated that mPEG-PLGA-BOX after intravitreal injection is not toxic to the rabbit retina.

CONCLUSIONS:

Bevacizumab released from mPEG-PLGA-BOX (bevacizumab) solution suppressed angiogenesis, and mPEG-PLGA-BOX can be considered as a novel thermo-responsive hydrogel with potential as a gelling carrier for extended bevacizumab drug release to treat intraocular neovascular diseases.
Voluntary wheel running delays brain atrophy in aged mice
Authors: Lin Lan , Fu Zhenrong , Wu Yuchao , Wu Shuicai
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND:

Physical exercises have been shown to be a surprisingly effective strategy to take advantage of the brain’s natural capacity for plasticity, and prevent brain degeneration in mouse histological studies. In vivo magnetic resonance microscopy (MRM) provides highly resolved anatomical images and allows quantitative assessment of brain atrophy in the aged mouse model.

OBJECTIVE:

The aim of the present study was to investigate, through the effects of 10 weeks voluntary wheel running, the mouse’s brain atrophy.

METHODS:

Sixteen C57BL/6J mice, aged 21 months, were randomized to the exercise or sedentary group. Each mouse was scanned in a 7.0-T MRM scanner at two time points: 22 months old baseline and a follow-up three months later. Multi-atlas based brain segmentation approach was used to obtain volumes of 39 brain regions.

RESULTS:

The results showed that mice in the exercise group had less brain atrophy compared with the mice in the sedentary group.

CONCLUSIONS:

The results provide new insights into exercise induced brain plasticity in aged animals.
Comparison of Tibial Tuberosity-Trochlear Groove (TT-TG) distances between different anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions: A retrospective clinical and imaging study
Authors: Liu Jianfeng , Wang Junchen , Tao Liyuan , Liu Chenlu , Wang Yongxiang , Wei Baogang , Li Pengfei , Bao Huricha , Ma Bingxian , Qi Yansong , Xu Yongsheng
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND:

Previous studies showed that compared with single-bundle (SB) precedures, double-bundle (DB) anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction perform better.

OBJECTIVE:

To make assurance that distance of TT-TG may be altered along with ACL rupture and reconstruction.

METHODS:

Imaging study of 201 patients’s related cases by MRI and CT scans.

RESULTS:

Compared with the intact knee’s overall mean TT-TG value, the mean overall pre/postoperative TT-TG values showed a significant difference. For SB reconstruction, the mean pre/postoperative TT-TG values were 15.67[Formula: see text] 2.46 mm and 14.72[Formula: see text] 2.48 mm, respectively. Postoperative and intact knee TT-TG values were significantly different ([Formula: see text] 0.001). For DB reconstruction, the pre/postoperative mean TT-TG values were 15.11[Formula: see text] 1.99 mm and 13.11[Formula: see text] 1.71 mm. Postoperative and intact knee TT-TG values were not significantly different ([Formula: see text] 0.141).

CONCLUSIONS:

The increased TT-TG value from a ruptured ACL was significantly restored after ACL reconstruction. The TT-TG value after SB reconstruction was still obviously larger than that of the intact knee. It showed no significant difference between the postoperative TT-TG of the DB group and intact knees. The original TT-TG values of the knees were much closer to restoration after DB reconstruction.
Tumor cell pH detection based on CdSe quantum dots’ fluorescence charateristics
Authors: Liu Quan , Zheng Chao , Zhao Hui , Wang Kan , Tao Wei
Published: April 2019

The incidence of cancers has increased year by year and the early diagnosis for cancer is important to prevent cancers. Due to abnormal metabolism of tumor cells, the acidification of extracellular environment is an important feature for cancer cells. To achieve efficient and accurate pH measurement, this paper proposes a new detection method based on the fluorescence characteristics of CdSe quantum dots detection, which uses CdSe QDs with unique optical properties as sensitive substances for pH detection. PBS buffer (0.2 mol/L) with different pH has been used to simulate cell metabolites at different pH values and use 365 nm laser source to excite mixture liquid. The emitted light was detected by a fluorescence detection device. A mathematical model between fluorescence intensity and pH was finally obtained. The experimental results show the method show better effectiveness than other pH detection methods and has a high resolution of 0.037 within a pH range of 6.1–7.8 and a measurement resolution of 0.037 pH units. This method has high temperature stability and short testing time, which shows high potential for pH detection. This method has its superiority in all the testing methods. It exhibits a new way of generalizing to pH detection.
Maximal information coefficient applied to differentially expressed genes identification: A feasibility study
Authors: Yang Dan , Liu Hanming
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND:

The main obstacle encountered in microarray technology is how to mine the valuable information under the profiles and study the genes function.

OBJECTIVE:

Maximal information coefficient (MIC) is a novel, non-parametric statistic that has been successfully applied to genome-wide association studies and differentially gene and miRNA expression analysis. However, the data used in these applications are not gold standard but real data.

METHODS:

Therefore, this study attempts to test the feasibility of MIC for differentially expressed gene identification with simulation data.

RESULTS:

Our experiments indicate that, MIC perfermance is better than Limma always, which is almost the same level of SAM, ROTS or DESeq2. However, the count of AUC [Formula: see text] 0.5 of MIC is significantly smaller than the three methods, and MIC does not exhibit an abnormal phenomenon in which the AUC increases as the noise increases.

CONCLUSIONS:

Compared to the existing methods, our experiments show that MIC is not only in the first tier in identifying differentially expressed genes and noise immunity, but also shows better robustness and stronger data/environment adaptability.
Enhanced shRNA delivery by the combination of polyethylenimine, ultrasound, and nanobubbles in liver cancer
Authors: Li Hongbo , Wang Ziyu , Zhang Jia , Yuan Chenyan , Zhang Hao , Hou Xinxin , Zhang Dongsheng
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND:

Traditional cancer treatments such as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy destroy both cancer and normal cells, which limit their clinical application. It is difficult to achieve the best results for any liver cancer patients using any single treatment method. Gene therapy for HCC demands non-invasive, efficient, targeted and safe gene transfection strategies.

OBJECTIVE:

In this study, a nonviral shRNA gene delivery system utilizing a combination of PEI, US, and NBs was developed for targeting survivin in liver Cancer.

METHODS AND RESULTS:

The PEI-shRNA-NBs cumulated in the tumor tissue because of the EPR effect. By exposure to the US, micelles shRNA may be released from PEI-shRNA-NBs in tumor tissues and the shRNA then transmitted efficiently to cancer cells. Considerably enhanced therapeutic outcome was obtained with the gene silencing effect enhanced.

CONCLUSIONS:

PEI-shRNA-NBs possess the potential to become promising tools intended for shRNA delivery.
Prediction of atrial fibrillation using the recurrence complex network of body surface potential mapping signals
Authors: Bai Baodan , Li Xiaoou , Yang Cuiwei , Chen Xinrong , Wang Xuan , Wu Zhong
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVE:

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common type of persistent arrhythmia. Early diagnosis and intervention of AF is essential to avert the further fatality. The technique of noninvasive electrical mapping, especially the body surface potential mapping (BSPM), has a more practical application in the study of predicting AF, when compared with the invasive electrical mapping methods such as the epicardial mapping and interventional catheter mapping. However, the prediction of AF with noninvasive signals has been inadequately studied. Thus, the aim of this paper was to analyze the properties of atrial dynamic system based on the noninvasive BSPM signals (BSPMs), using the recurrence complex network, and consequently to evaluate its role in predicting the recurrence of AF in clinical aspect.

METHOD:

Twelve patients with persistent AF were included in this study. Their preoperative and postoperative BSPMs were recorded. Initially, the preoperative BSPMs were transformed into the recurrence complex network to characterize the complexity property of the atria. Subsequently, the parameters of recurrence ratio (REC), determinism (DET), entropy of the diagonal structure distribution (ENTR), and laminarity (LAM) were calculated. Furthermore, the difference in the parameters in the four regions of the body and the difference obtained from the dominant frequency (DF) method were compared. Finally, the results obtained for the atrial dynamic system complexity from a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) from the BSPMs were discussed.

RESULTS:

Our study revealed that the patients whose REC is greater than an average threshold, and with a lower LAM presented a much higher possibility of AF recurrence, after the AF surgery.

CONCLUSIONS:

The recurrence complex network is a useful and convenient way to evaluate the nonlinear properties of the BSPMs in patients with AF. It has good immunity to the lead position and has a potential role in the understanding of predicting the recurrence of AF.
Expression and subcellular localization of HSPC117 in min pig tissues and the PK15 cell line
Authors: Ma Hong , Fu Bo , Zhang Xu , Wang Liang , Li Zhongqiu , Liu Di
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND:

The human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell 117 (HSPC117) protein is involved in many important biological processes.

OBJECTIVE:

This study was designed to identify the level of HSPC117 mRNA expression in 10 min pig tissue samples and HSPC117 subcellular localization in the PK15 cell line.

METHODS:

In this study, 10 tissue samples of min pigs were collected, and EGFP-HSPC117 vectors were constructed to express EGFP-HSPC117 fusion proteins in PK15 cells.

RESULTS:

HSPC117 mRNA was expressed in all of the tissue samples, although the levels of expression in fat and lung tissues were significantly lower than in other tissues ([Formula: see text] 0.01). After generating and detecting the EGFP-HSPC117 fusion protein, fluorescence was found to be distributed throughout the cytoplasm and nucleus during interphase; however, the fluorescence was concentrated in the nuclear area in mitotic cells.

CONCLUSIONS:

These results indicate that the HSPC117 gene is expressed in many min pig tissues. The HSPC117 protein was distributed throughout the cells during interphase, but was concentrated in the nuclear area in mitotic cells.
H2S attenuates the myocardial fibrosis in diabetic rats through modulating PKC-ERK1/2MAPK signaling pathway
Authors: Long Junrong , Liu Maojun , Liu Shengquan , Tang Feng , Tan Wenting , Xiao Ting , Chu Chun , Yang Jun
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the roles and underlying mechanism of exogenous H[Formula: see text]S (hydrogen sulfide) in attenuating the myocardial fibrosis in diabetic rats.

METHODS:

A total of 40 SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, STZ group, STZ [Formula: see text] H[Formula: see text]S group and H[Formula: see text]S group. To build the DM rat model , the rats in the STZ group and STZ [Formula: see text] H[Formula: see text]S group were injected streptozotocin (STZ) intraperitoneally, While the rats in the STZ [Formula: see text] H[Formula: see text]S group and the H[Formula: see text]S group received sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), which provides exogenous H[Formula: see text]S. Eight weeks later, the myocardial tissues of rats were used to detecting the collagen deposition through Masson staining, as well as some protein expressions related to myocardial fibrosis and signaling pathway by western blotting.

RESULTS:

Comparing to control group, the collagen deposition of myocardial matrix remarkably increased in the STZ group, and almost all the proteins that are relative to myocardial fibrosis, inflammatory and signaling pathway show an overexpression, except for PPARG and NF-[Formula: see text]Bp65. When Compared with the STZ group, the collagen deposition was obviously attenuated in STZ [Formula: see text] H[Formula: see text]S group, as well as the protein expressions above-mentioned, While PPARG was up-regulated.

CONCLUSION:

The myocardial fibrosis in DM rats can be attenuated effectively by exogenous H[Formula: see text]S, and the underlying mechanism is likely to regulating PKC-ERK1/2MAPK signaling pathway, improving the MMPs/TIMPs expression dysregulation and inhibiting inflammatory reaction.
Assessment of the risk factors in the daily life of stroke patients based on an optimized decision tree
Authors: Shao Zeguo , Chen Chen , Li Wei , Ren Haoran , Chen Wei
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND:

Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and disability, which can be affected by people’s daily living habits.

OBJECTIVE:

To investigate the effects of main daily living habits (smoking, drinking, diet, vegetable and fruits consumption, and exercise) on stroke risk in patients and provide the scientific basis for the assessment of the risk factors, a novel risk analysis model of the stroke is proposed.

METHODS:

A data mining method using decision trees which adopted the optimized C4.5 algorithm is presented. It is able to deal with the unbalanced data problem of the classification. Meanwhile, the proposed method has been verified on a clinical dataset of 23,682 patients with 21 risk factors.

RESULTS:

The overall accuracy and kappa coefficient for stroke risk classification has reached 84.88% and 0.7763, respectively. Through the generated knowledge rules, it demonstrates that the behavioral habits in daily life have an indirect effect on the risk of stroke. While, it has an obvious effect on stroke when hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, and BMI risk factors exist. In addition, it was observed that the aforementioned five daily living habits have a decreased impact on the stroke.

CONCLUSIONS:

It is anticipated that the proposed system could help in reducing the risk, mortality, and disability of stroke, and provide clinical decision support for the treatment of stroke.
Gefitinib-coated balloon inhibits the excessive hyperplasia of intima after vascular injuries through PI3K/AKT pathway
Authors: Tang Fen , Liu Maojun , Zeng Ou , Tan Wenting , Long Junrong , Liu Shengquan , Yang Jun , Chu Chun
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVE:

To explore the effect of gefitinib-coated balloon suppressive action on the excessive hyperplasia of intima after balloon injury of common carotid artery in rats and on the PI3K/AKT signal pathway.

METHODS:

MTT method and the expression of Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 proteins were detected in vitro; Adult SD rats were randomly split into 5 groups, namely sham group, model group, low-dosage gefitinib-coated balloon group, high-dosage gefitinib-coated balloon group, and paclitaxel-coated balloon group. The intimal proliferation of arteries, PCNA, P-AKT and PI3K protein expression, the cell apoptosis, expression of MMP9, TGF[Formula: see text] and IL6 mRNA were measured by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, immunohistochemistry, TUNEL staining, and RT-qPCR.

RESULTS:

At the same time and concentration, Gefitinib suppressed the proliferation of smooth muscle cell more significantly than paclitaxel. Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 in vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells (VSMC, EC) were significantly down-regulated and up-regulated after the cells were treated with gefitinib and paclitaxel. In gefitinib- and paclitaxel-coated balloon groups, significant up-regulations were found in the area of lumen. Furthermore, the expression of PCNA suggested that all coated balloons could suppress the excessive proliferation of smooth muscle cells in the hyperplastic intima compared with the control group. In gefitinib- and paclitaxel-coated balloon group, the expression of PI3K/AKT was significantly down-regulated. The use of drug-coated balloons mitigated the cell apoptosis in TUNEL. The expressions of MMP9, TGF[Formula: see text] and IL6 mRNA in the model group were obviously up-regulated; and they were obviously down-regulated in the high-dose gefitinib-coated balloon group compared with the model group.

CONCLUSIONS:

Gefitinib-coated balloons were able to suppress the excessive proliferation in the common carotid arterial intima of rats more effectively than the paclitaxel-coated ones. The underlying mechanism may cover the PI3K/AKT signal pathway.
A TCM acupoints ranking approach towards post-stroke dysphagia based on an improved MCTS decision method
Authors: Su Chong , Han Peijin , Jiang Bingxu , Liu Cunzhi , Chen Jie
Published: April 2019

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) multiple-acupoints stimulation is widely used to improve dysphagia among post-stroke patients. However, prior research in evidence-based acupuncture mostly focused on the treatment effects of single acupoint’s on dysphagia, while the evidence of optimal sequence of multiple-acupoints stimulation remains limited. In this paper, we developed an evaluation method of hybrid knowledge (deterministic knowledge and the experiential group decision knowledge) sequences based on segmentation mechanism of sub-sequence fragments, and then, we proposed a Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) sequential decision-making method under the hybrid knowledge. Thereafter, we applied this proposed sequential decision-making approach to optimizing sequential decision-making schema of multiple-acupoints stimulation, to treat dysphagia among post-stroke patients. Finally, we verified the validity and the feasibility of this method by comparing it to other sequential decision-making search methods.
A SEMG-angle model based on HMM for human robot interaction
Authors: Chen Yanyan , Liang Le , Wu Maochuan , Dong Qi
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND:

An important part of the rehabilitation process using exoskeleton robots has been the creation of a friendly Human Robot Interaction (HRI) system.

OBJECTIVE:

In order to combine SEMG signal into the HRI system, a SEMG-angle model based on Hidden Markov Model (HMM) was put forward in this paper.

METHODS:

Feature extraction as a critical issue of signal preprocessing was handled by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) which realized signal data dimension reduction and solved the common problem of redundant features. A comparison study was given to show the different performance of various EMG-angle model separately based on HMM, Back Propagation (BP) neural network and Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural network.

RESULTS:

The HMM modeling method which with lower calculation complexity can achieve a better modeling performance (average accuracy 93.063%) compared with BP neural network (average accuracy 88.180%) and RBF neural network (average accuracy 88.752%).

CONCLUSIONS:

SEMG signals have some characteristic properties which is similar to a quasi-stationary filtered white noise stochastic process, the structure of HMMs makes it ideally suited for classification and modeling SEMG signals, and the results of this study show that it can achieve a better performance than the commonly used methods (BP and RBF).
Chromatic aberration free reflective mirror-based optical system design for multispectral photoacoustic instruments
Authors: Choi Hojong , Ju Yun Jae , Jo Jae Heung , Ryu Jae-Myung
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND:

Current multispectral photoacoustic instruments must use large and separate combinational structures to obtain various biological tissue information for multispectral ranges.

OBJECTIVE:

The optical aberration generated from the multispectral photoacoustic systems may reduce the image quality of biological tissue because the improper structures for combining light of different wavelength cannot produce good optical ray convergence points. To prevent this, complex combined structures need to be considered at the design level for multispectral photoacoustic systems.

METHODS:

In place of an optical refracted lens system, reflective mirrors could be designed for optical systems. To verify our proposed idea, we assessed optical distortion performance using red, green, and blue light, and combined optical light sources to compare their chromatic aberration characteristics.

RESULTS:

The high optical performance is realized regardless of the wavelength for a light source combined with multiple wavelengths, because our optical system was designed with only a reflective surface.

CONCLUSIONS:

The designed optical system using a reflective mirror can provide multispectral optical sources (such as infrared, visible, and ultraviolet optical lights) with only one light ray path, without any chromatic aberrations.
Entropy analysis of heart rate variability and its application to recognize major depressive disorder: A pilot study
Authors: Byun Sangwon , Kim Ah Young , Jang Eun Hye , Kim Seunghwan , Choi Kwan Woo , Yu Han Young , Jeon Hong Jin
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND:

The current method to evaluate major depressive disorder (MDD) relies on subjective clinical interviews and self-questionnaires.

OBJECTIVE:

Autonomic imbalance in MDD patients is characterized using entropy measures of heart rate variability (HRV). A machine learning approach for screening depression based on the entropy is demonstrated.

METHODS:

The participants experience five experimental phases: baseline (BASE), stress task (MAT), stress task recovery (REC1), relaxation task (RLX), and relaxation task recovery (REC2). The four entropy indices, approximate entropy, sample entropy, fuzzy entropy, and Shannon entropy, are extracted for each phase, and a total of 20 features are used. A support vector machine classifier and recursive feature elimination are employed for classification.

RESULTS:

The entropy features are lower in the MDD group; however, the disease does not have a significant effect. Experimental tasks significantly affect the features. The entropy did not recover during REC1. The differences in the entropy features between the two groups increased after MAT and showed the largest gap in REC2. We achieved 70% accuracy, 64% sensitivity, and 76% specificity with three optimal features during RLX and REC2.

CONCLUSION:

Monitoring of HRV complexity changes when a subject experiences autonomic arousal and recovery can potentially facilitate objective depression recognition.
Design of a dual-coil type electromagnetic actuator for implantable bone conduction hearing devices
Authors: Shin Dong Ho , Seong Ki Woong , Jung Eui Sung , Cho Jin-Ho , Lee Kyu-Yup
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND:

This paper describes the design and implementation of a dual-coil type electromagnetic actuator for implantable bone conduction hearing devices.

OBJECTIVE:

The structure of the proposed actuator was designed to generate maximum Lorentz force via the dual-coil method with a closed magnetic circuit. To satisfy the indications required by implantable bone conduction hearing devices, high output was generated within a specific frequency range using a vibrational membrane with a cantilever.

METHODS:

The structure of the membrane consists of a fixed ring, a circular plate, and two cantilevers connected symmetrically. Variable elements of the vibrational membrane affecting the actuator frequency characteristics were analyzed through mathematical modeling and finite element analysis, based on the analysis used to derive the optimum structure of the vibrational membrane. The components of the actuator were fabricated through chemical etching and computer numerical control process, and the bone conduction actuator was fabricated through the precision assembly process.

RESULTS:

The output characteristics of the implemented actuator were measured using a laser Doppler vibrometer. As a result of measurement, the proposed actuator generated mechanical resonance at 1.2 kHz.

CONCLUSIONS:

By comparing the measured results with the finite element analysis results, we confirmed the validity of the proposed actuator design.
PELAKSANAAN PASAL 50 AYAT (1) HURUF a UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 6 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG DESA DI DESA PASIR EMAS KECAMATAN BATANG TUAKA
Authors: Fuddin Syarif
Published: April 2019

Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa disahkan pada tanggal 15 Januari 2014 setelah sebelumnya melalui pembahasan selama kurang lebih 7 tahun oleh anggota legislatif. Kelahiran UU tentang Desa ini menggantikan peraturan tentang desa yang tertuang dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2004 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah dan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 72 Tahun 2005 tentang Desa. Kebijaksanaan pembangunan bagi seluruh lapisan masyarakat merupakan sasaran utama berdasarkan landasan yang telah ditetapkan dan dilaksanakan demi mencapai tujuan sehingga masyarakat desa dapat tumbuh dan berkembang sesuai dengan kemampuan yang dimiliki. Sejalan dengan pembangunan yang dituangkan didalam program Desa Maju Inhil Jaya (DMIJ) yang ditaja oleh Pemerintah Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir, memberikan keleluasaan Pemerintah Desa untuk membangun desanya. Maka dari itu seluruh aparatur desa dituntut untuk meningkatkan kualitas, Maka sejak itu pula Desa Pasir Emas Emas mulai menata segala kerisolasian dengan cara membenahi segala administrasi pembangunan desanya, tetapi menurut kajian penulis saat ini, bahwa masih terdapat kekurangan dan kelemahan, karena masih ada perangkat desa yang berpendidikan tamat Sekolah Dasar (SD)/sederajat. Sedangkan didalam Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa, pada Pasal 50 angka 1 huruf a berbunyi: “Berpendidikan paling rendah Sekolah Menengah Umum (SLTA) atau sederajat
TELAAH KEJAHATAN KEMANUSIAAN TERHADAP ETNIS ROHINGYA BERDASARKAN HUKUM INTERNASIONAL
Authors: Fernandes Inggrit
Published: April 2019

International law is a law whose enforcement depends on the good faith of the countries thatare members of the world community. It can only be imposed if the state does not have thepower of lobbying in international relations. The proof of many countries that violate the lawof intrenasional but has a strong ally then he is detached from the bondage of internationallaw itself. International humanitarian law has been in existence since the formation of theUnited Nations but its implementation has been dulled by the high-level lobby of the UNSecurity Council. Crimes against ethnic Rohingya should be prosecuted in the InternationalCriminal Court (ICC) because there are already elements of violations in the Rome Statute1998.
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM INFORMASI PENJUALAN PADA TOKO BANGUNAN ATT MENGGUNAKAN METODE PEMODELAN UML
Authors: Yunita Fitri
Published: April 2019

Toko bangunan ATT merupakan toko bangunan yang berdomisili di wilayah Tembilahan Hulu, berdiri 11 Juni 2012 dan dirintis oleh bapak Joni Hartono, SE. Toko ini menjual alat-alat bangunan dan listrik berstandar Nasional. Dalam proses dagang ini, Pendokumentasian data seperti data barang yang masuk dicatat di dalam buku. Namun, untuk data transaksi penjualan di toko ini, tidak dicatat di buku laporan transaksi. Transaksi penjualan yang berlangsung, hanya diingat saja, tanpa dicatat transaksinya. Padahal data-data tersebut suatu waktu akan dibutuhkan untuk membuat laporan penjualan. Pada toko ini, sistem informasi penjualan juga belum tergambarkan secara visual, sehingga pihak toko tidak mengetahi secara detail bagaimana gambaran umum sistem yang berjalan di tokonya dan bagaimana gambaran proses yang terjadi dalam kegiatan jual beli. Untuk mempermudah pihak toko mengelola data barang dan data transaksi, maka perlu dirancang sebuah sistem informasi penjualan. Dengan dibangunnya sistem informasi penjualan ini, diharapkan mampu mengatasi persoalan yang ada di Toko Bangunan ATT, dapat membantu memberikan laporan data transaksi penjualan saat dibutuhkan dan juga sebagai sarana pembelajaran bagi peneliti dalam melakukan kajian ilmiah.
The reuse of rainwater drains by using «green roofs».
Authors: Tkachenko Tatiana
Published: April 2019

The article is devoted to the possibilities of purification of rainwater drains by using "green roofs" and their further using for domestic needs: watering the garden and the roof itself; toilets washing; laundry. To collect rainwater it is proposed to use the storage tank. The basis of the calculations are taken by the German method Wilo, adapted to the conditions of Ukraine. A significant contribution to this methodology is taking into account the uneven distribution and precipitation throughout the whole year and the lack of costs for watering the garden and roof in the winter period. Purified rainwater from "green roofs" can be assembled into tanks and used for technical needs. For collecting rain water from an intensive flat roof with an area of 200 m2 for the family of 4 people a tank of 5 m3 is required. In this case, the total needs for the house and watering the garden are 111 m3 / year, and daily needs - 0,341 m3 / day.
Grabbing of Specific News from Emotion State on Recent News
Authors: Pathan Ajahar Ismailkha , Suresh Patil Monika , Santosh Patil Trishna , Ramesh Patil Rajashri
Published: April 2019

The abstract must clearly indicate the ideas of the proposed work, suggested solution framework and expected outcome in brief. The abstract can be of minimum 300 words. The abstract should not same as that of the referred base paper.
Studi Komparatif Pengelolaan Anggaran Dana Desa
Authors: Ramly Rizka Yunika
Published: April 2019

The purpose of this research to compare about the village fund budget management to reviewed from the Minister of Internal Affairs Regulation Number.113 of 2014. To comparing village fund budget management practice in Permata Village and Berlian village and than analyze the problems to occur in the practice of village fund management. Researchers want to provide a solution in the form of socialization of regulatory changed about village fund budget management to reviewed from the Minister of Internal Affairs Regulation Number.113 of 2014.The result of this research show the planing step, implementation, administration, and responsibiliy the village fund budget management in Permata village and Berlian village has been implemented according to regulations. But report pf Berlian village step still have a problem, The report was delayed, the report must be updateon the 10th of  the month.
ATURAN PEMANFAATAN MANGROVE SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU ARANG OLEH MASYARAKAT DI BATU AMPAR, KALIMANTAN BARAT
Authors: Ritabulan Ritabulan , Basuni Sambas , Santoso Nyoto , Bismark M.
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji substansi peraturan yang digunakan dalam pemanfaatan mangrove sebagai bahan baku arang oleh masyarakat di Batu Ampar, Kalimantan Barat. Analisis terhadap peraturan yang terkait dengan pemanfaatan  mangrove sebagai bahan baku arang oleh masyarakat menggunakan pendekatan konsep rule in use Ostrom. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masing-masing aturan pada rule in form dan rule in use tidak bersesuaian satu sama lain (incompatibility). Hal ini disebabkan oleh pemerintah daerah sebagai pihak pelaksana dinilai belum mampu merealisasikan program Hutan Tanaman Rakyat (HTR), Hutan Desa (HD) atau Hutan Kemasyarakatan (HKm) pada kawasan hutan produksi yang telah disediakan serta rumitnya aturan dalam mengurus ijin pemanfaatan Hasil Hutan Kayu (HHK) bagi masyarakat
EKSISTENSI PENGADILAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA	TERHADAP PENEGAKAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA DALAM SISTEM PERADILAN
Authors: Faisal Fatma
Published: April 2019

Eksistensi Pengadilan Hak Asasi Manusia Terhadap Penegakan Hak Asasi Manusia Dalam Sistem Peradilan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan bertujuan untuk: (1)Menganalisis dan Menjelaskan eksistensi pengadilan Hak Asasi Manusia terhadap suatu perkara; (2) Menganalisis dan Menjelaskan peran pengadilan Hak Asasi Manusia dalam mewujudkan kepastian hukum pada sistem peradilan pidana. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian hukum normatif atau doctrinal, yang melihat hukum sebagai sistim konseptual, sistim nilai dan sistim norma, sehingga bahan primer yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah norma dasar yaitu Undang Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945, dan Peraturan perundang-undangan serta Putusan-putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi yang berkaitan dengan penelitian ini. Analisis terhadap bahan-bahan hukum tersebut, dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis isi (content analisys). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Eksistensi pengadilan Hak Asasi Manusia terhadap suatu perkara masih banyak mengandung kelemahan yang mengakibatkan hambatan yuridis dalam penerapan Undang-Undang No. 26 Tahun 2000; (2) Pengadilan Hak Asasi Manusia dalam sistem peradilan pidana dapat mewujudkan kepastian hukum bahwa hukum acara yang digunakan dalam pengadilan Hak Asasi Manusia Ad Hoc sama yang digunakan dalam hukum acara pengadilan Hak Asasi Manusia yaitu menggunakan ketentuan dalam Undang-Undang No. 26 Tahun 2000. Agar penerapan Undang-Undang No. 26 Tahun 2000 berjalan dengan baik pemerintah perlu mengamandemen Undang-Undang No. 26 Tahun 2000 agar secara lengkap menyesuaikan tindak pidana yang diatur yaitu kejahatan terhadap kemanusiaan dan kejahatan terhadap genosida yang seharusnya disertai dengan penjelasan mengenai unsur tindak pidananya.
Yabancıların Türkiye'de Eğitim Hizmetinde Çalışması
Authors: Gümüşlü Tunçağıl Gülce
Published: April 2019

Yabancıların
Türkiye’de eğitim hizmetinde çalışabilmeleri, başta 13 Ağustos 2016 tarihinde
yürürlüğe giren Uluslararası İşgücü Kanunu (UİK) olmak üzere, diğer ilgili
sektörel hukukî düzenlemelere tâbi tutulmuştur. UİK, 2003 tarihli 4817 sayılı
Yabancıların Çalışma İzinleri Hakkında Kanunu (YÇİHK) yürürlükten kaldırmıştır.
Çalışmamızda yabancı öğretim elemanlarının ve yabancı öğretmenlerin Türkiye’de
çalışabilmeleri için kabul edilen usul ve esaslar, YÇİHK ile UİK
karşılaştırılarak tespit edilmiştir. Şöyle ki, çalışma izni vermede yetkili
makam veya ön izin alınma usulü gibi konularda UİK ile değişikliğe gidilmiştir.
Ayrıca, yabancı öğretim elemanları ile yabancı öğretmenlerin Türkiye’de
çalışabilmelerine ilişkin usul ve esaslar, tâbi oldukları UİK ve sektörel
düzenlemelere göre de farklılık arz etmektedir.
Optimalisasi Peran Sistem Pengendalian Intern dalam Mencegah Terjadinya Penyelewengan Kas dan Aset pada Lembaga Pendidikan Non Pemerintah (Swasta)
Authors: Fathiyah Fathiyah
Published: April 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze how to optimize the role of internal control system in preventing the occurrence of fraud on cash and assets in non government or private educational institution. Tool of analyzed used in this research is internal control system according to COSO definition and combined with internal control system according to Government Regulation Number 60 Year 2008 with 5 internal control component that is; 1) Control Environment, 2) Risk Assessment, 3) Control Activity, 4) Information and Communication and 5) Monitoring. The result of the research shows that optimizing the role of the internal control system is very helpful to the management in managing the finances and assets owned so as to prevent the occurrence of fraud on the cash and assets in private educational institution. The expectation of the future by optimizing the role of internal control system on cash management and assets in non government/or the private educational institution will be more efficient and effective which will ultimately improve the quality and accountability of the private educational institution.
Pengukuran Modal Manusia (Suatu Studi Literatur)
Authors: Adriani Evi
Published: April 2019

Human capital is an investment in the field of human resources The process of acquiring knowledge and skills through education is not merely a consumptive activity, but rather a form of investment in Human Resources (HR). This study will explain the existence of the theory of human capital in terms of investment in human capital for education. Explanation starts from the definition and concept of human capital, perspective in discussing human capital investment and methods of measuring human capital investment. This paper closes with the signaling theory which is another direction of thinking about the role of education as human capital.
Impact of Construction Productivity Attributes Over Construction Project Performance in Indian Construction Projects
Authors: Dixit Saurav , Saurabh Kinshuk
Published: April 2019

Performance of a construction project could be influenced by a number of attributes, especially large and complex projects lay additional focus on the success / failure attributes, because of the intensive amount of money invested, a high degree of uncertainty, the complexity of personnel’s required, a multiplicity of goals and problems in coordination between different stakeholders encountered. In this research paper, the author intended to define and examine the relationship and impact of construction productivity (CP) over construction project performance (CPP). The author tests the proposition that there is a positive relationship/impact between both of them. And to test the effect of factors is affecting CP on CPP and to propose a conceptual model on the basis of the analysis. To validate the mathematical validity of factor analysis, Spearman correlation analysis has been performed on the factors. And to check the reliability of all the factors using reliability analysis, and finally test the hypothesis that construction productivity is having a positive impact on project performance using one sample t-test. The findings of the study concluded that there is a positive impact of construction productivity on project performance in Indian construction projects. This paper attempts to identify the relationship between CP and CPP and recommends the framework for the industry to grow sustainably and deliver projects successfully. This study is conducted using a structured questionnaire survey in India and to validate the results of the study similar kind of study is required to be conducted in the other regions of the country to have more reliable findings."This paper is the revised version of the paper that has been published in the proceedings of the Creative Construction Conference 2018: Dixit, S., Mandal, S. N., Thanikal, J. V, & Saurabh, K. (2018). Construction Productivity and Construction Project Performance in Indian Construction Projects, m(July), 379–386. https://doi.org/10.3311/CCC2018-050".