bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interactions of boron nitride nanosheet with amino acids of differential polarity
Authors: Najafi Fatemeh , Farzad Farzaneh , Pasban Samaneh
Published: July 2022

Free amino acids represent a category of different biomolecules in the blood plasma, which bond together to make up larger organic molecules such as peptides and proteins. Their interactions with biocompatible nanoparticles are especially important for plasma-related biomedical applications. Among the various nanomaterials, the applications of carbon and boron nitride-based nanotubes/nanosheets have shown a huge increase in recent years. The effect of molecular polarity on the interaction between a boron nitride nanosheet (BNNS) and amino acids is investigated with quantum mechanical calculations by density functional theory (DFT), classical MD simulations, and well-tempered metadynamics simulations. Four representative amino acids, namely, alanine (Ala), a nonpolar amino acid, and aspartic acid (Asp), lysine (Lys) and serine (Ser), three polar amino acids are considered for their interactions with BNNS. In DFT calculations, the values of the adsorption energies for Lys-BNNS and Ser-BNNS complexes are − 48.32 and − 32.89 kJ/mol, respectively, which are more stable than the other cases. Besides, the adsorption energy calculated confirms the exergonic reactions for all investigated systems; it implied that the interaction is favorable electronically. The MD results show that the LYS molecules have a higher attraction toward BNNS because of its alkane tail in its side chain, and the ASP revealed the repulsion force originating from its COO– group. All the results are confirmed by free energy analyzes in which the LYS showed the highest adsorption free energy at a relatively farther distance than other complexes. In fact, our results revealed the contribution of functional groups and backbone of the amino acids in the adsorption or repulsion features of the studied systems.
Plutonium isotopes in the North Western Pacific sediments coupled with radiocarbon in corals recording precise timing of the Anthropocene
Authors: Yokoyama Yusuke , Tims Stephen , Froehlich Michaela , Hirabayashi Shoko , Aze Takahiro , Fifield L. Keith , Koll Dominik , Miyairi Yosuke , Pavetich Stefan , Kuwae Michinobu
Published: July 2022

Plutonium (Pu) has been used as a mid-twentieth century time-marker in various geological archives as a result of atmospheric nuclear tests mainly conducted in 1950s. Advancement of analytical techniques allows us to measure 239Pu and 240Pu more accurately and can thereby reconstruct the Pacific Pu signal that originated from the former Pacific Proving Grounds (PPG) in the Marshall Islands. Here, we propose a novel method that couples annual banded reef building corals and nearshore anoxic marine sediments to provide a marker to precisely determine the start of the nuclear era which is known as a part of the Anthropocene. We demonstrate the efficacy of the methods using sediment obtained from Beppu Bay, Japan, and a coral from Ishigaki Island, Japan. The sedimentary records show a clear Pu increase from 1950, peaking during the 1960s, and then showing a sharp decline during the 1970s. However, a constantly higher isotope ratio between 239Pu and 240Pu suggest an additional contribution other than global fallout via ocean currents. Furthermore, single elevations in 240Pu/239Pu provide supportive evidence of close-in-fallout similar to previous studies. Coral skeletal radiocarbon displays a clear timing with the signatures supporting the reliability of the Beppu Bay sediments as archives and demonstrates the strength of this method to capture potential Anthropocene signatures.
An artificial intelligence algorithm is highly accurate for detecting endoscopic features of eosinophilic esophagitis
Authors: Römmele Christoph , Mendel Robert , Barrett Caroline , Kiesl Hans , Rauber David , Rückert Tobias , Kraus Lisa , Heinkele Jakob , Dhillon Christine , Grosser Bianca , Prinz Friederike , Wanzl Julia , Fleischmann Carola , Nagl Sandra , Schnoy Elisabeth , Schlottmann Jakob , Dellon Evan S. , Messmann Helmut , Palm Christoph , Ebigbo Alanna
Published: July 2022

The endoscopic features associated with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) may be missed during routine endoscopy. We aimed to develop and evaluate an Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithm for detecting and quantifying the endoscopic features of EoE in white light images, supplemented by the EoE Endoscopic Reference Score (EREFS). An AI algorithm (AI-EoE) was constructed and trained to differentiate between EoE and normal esophagus using endoscopic white light images extracted from the database of the University Hospital Augsburg. In addition to binary classification, a second algorithm was trained with specific auxiliary branches for each EREFS feature (AI-EoE-EREFS). The AI algorithms were evaluated on an external data set from the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (UNC), and compared with the performance of human endoscopists with varying levels of experience. The overall sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of AI-EoE were 0.93 for all measures, while the AUC was 0.986. With additional auxiliary branches for the EREFS categories, the AI algorithm (AI-EoE-EREFS) performance improved to 0.96, 0.94, 0.95, and 0.992 for sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and AUC, respectively. AI-EoE and AI-EoE-EREFS performed significantly better than endoscopy beginners and senior fellows on the same set of images. An AI algorithm can be trained to detect and quantify endoscopic features of EoE with excellent performance scores. The addition of the EREFS criteria improved the performance of the AI algorithm, which performed significantly better than endoscopists with a lower or medium experience level.
Comparative adsorptive behaviour of cow dung ash and starch as potential eco-friendly matrices for controlled organophosphorus pesticides delivery
Authors: Okafor Chinyere Emmanuella , Onyido Ikenna
Published: July 2022

The work reported herein explores the viability of cow dung ash (CDA) as a matrix for controlled pesticide delivery, by comparing its adsorptive characteristics towards two organophosphorus pesticides with those of starch, conventionally utilized in designing controlled pesticide delivery systems. CDA was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). Data for pesticide adsorption on the surfaces correlate well with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, with the former isotherm giving a slightly better fit (R2 ≥ 0.90) than the latter (R2 ≥ 0.81). Values of the adsorption parametersKLandRLindicate favourable pesticide adsorption on both surfaces. Desorption is the microscopic reverse of adsorption; both processes obey pseudo-second-order kinetics. The implication of this kinetic form is a mechanism in which adsorbate diffusion to the polymer surface and its transport into the polymer interior are important events. The isothermal and kinetic ratios,$$\frac{{K_{L}^{CDA} }}{{K_{L}^{Starch} }} = 3.8$$KLCDAKLStarch=3.8and 4.0,$$\frac{{k_{2}^{CDA} }}{{k_{2}^{Starch} }} = 1.3$$k2CDAk2Starch=1.3and 0.6, and$$\frac{{k_{ - 2}^{CDA} }}{{k_{ - 2}^{Starch} }} = 5.2$$k-2CDAk-2Starch=5.2and 1.0 at pH 7.0 and 27 °C, compare the adsorptive behaviour of diazinon and dichlorvos, respectively, on CDA and starch. These parameters are of the same order of magnitude, signalling that CDA is as potentially viable as starch for use as a matrix for pesticide-controlled delivery.
Targeting bladder function with network-specific epidural stimulation after chronic spinal cord injury
Authors: Herrity April N. , Aslan Sevda C. , Mesbah Samineh , Siu Ricardo , Kalvakuri Karthik , Ugiliweneza Beatrice , Mohamed Ahmad , Hubscher Charles H. , Harkema Susan J.
Published: July 2022

Profound dysfunctional reorganization of spinal networks and extensive loss of functional continuity after spinal cord injury (SCI) has not precluded individuals from achieving coordinated voluntary activity and gaining multi-systemic autonomic control. Bladder function is enhanced by approaches, such as spinal cord epidural stimulation (scES) that modulates and strengthens spared circuitry, even in cases of clinically complete SCI. It is unknown whether scES parameters specifically configured for modulating the activity of the lower urinary tract (LUT) could improve both bladder storage and emptying. Functional bladder mapping studies, conducted during filling cystometry, identified specific scES parameters that improved bladder compliance, while maintaining stable blood pressure, and enabled the initiation of voiding in seven individuals with motor complete SCI. Using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging and finite element modeling, specific neuroanatomical structures responsible for modulating bladder function were identified and plotted as heat maps. Data from this pilot clinical trial indicate that scES neuromodulation that targets bladder compliance reduces incidences of urinary incontinence and provides a means for mitigating autonomic dysreflexia associated with bladder distention. The ability to initiate voiding with targeted scES is a key step towards regaining volitional control of LUT function, advancing the application and adaptability of scES for autonomic function.
Differential regulation of mRNAs and lncRNAs related to lipid metabolism in Duolang and Small Tail Han sheep
Authors: Liu Tianyi , Feng Hui , Yousuf Salsabeel , Xie Lingli , Miao Xiangyang
Published: July 2022

The function of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) can be achieved through the regulation of target genes, and the deposition of fat is regulated by lncRNA. Fat has an important effect on meat quality. However, there are relatively few studies on lncRNAs in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of Duolang sheep and Small Tail Han sheep. In this study, RNA-Seq technology and bioinformatics methods were used to identify and analyze the lncRNA and mRNA in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of the two breeds of sheep. The results showed that 107 lnRNAs and 1329 mRNAs were differentially expressed. The differentially expressed genes and lncRNA target genes were significantly enriched in the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids signaling pathway, fatty acid metabolism, adipocyte differentiation and other processes related to fat deposition. Among them, LOC105616076, LOC114118103, LOC105607837, LOC101116622, and LOC105603235 target FADS1, SCD, ELOVL6, HSD17B12 and HACD2, respectively. They play a key regulatory role in the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids. This study lays a foundation for the study of the molecular mechanism of lncRNA on fat development, and has reference value for studying the differences in fat deposition between Duolang sheep and Small Tail Han sheep.
Bexarotene-induced cell death in ovarian cancer cells through Caspase-4-gasdermin E mediated pyroptosis
Authors: Kobayashi Tatsuya , Mitsuhashi Akira , Hongying Piao , Shioya Masashi , Kojima Katsushi , Nishikimi Kyoko , Yahiro Kinnosuke , Shozu Makio
Published: July 2022

Bexarotene selectively activates retinoid X receptor, which is a commonly used anticancer agent for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. In this study, we aimed to investigate the anticancer effect of bexarotene and its underlying mechanism in ovarian cancer in vitro. The ES2 and NIH:OVACAR3 ovarian cancer cell lines were treated with 0, 5, 10, or 20 µM of bexarotene. After 24 h, cell number measurement and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) cytotoxicity assay were performed. The effect of bexarotene on CDKN1A expression, cell cycle-related protein, cell cycle, pyroptosis, and apoptosis was evaluated. Bexarotene reduced cell proliferation in all concentrations in both the cells. At concentrations of > 10 µM, extracellular LDH activity increased with cell rupture. Treatment using 10 µM of bexarotene increased CDKN1A mRNA levels, decreased cell cycle-related protein expression, and increased the sub-G1 cell population in both cells. In ES2 cells, caspase-4 and GSDME were activated, whereas caspase-3 was not, indicating that bexarotene-induced cell death might be pyroptosis. A clinical setting concentration of bexarotene induced cell death through caspase-4–mediated pyroptosis in ovarian cancer cell lines. Thus, bexarotene may serve as a novel therapeutic agent for ovarian cancer.
Sex differences in the winter activity of desert hedgehogs (Paraechinus aethiopicus) in a resource-rich habitat in Qatar
Authors: Pettett Carly E. , Salazar Rosie D. , Al-Hajri Afra , Al-Jabiri Hayat , Macdonald David W. , Yamaguchi Nobuyuki
Published: July 2022

Hedgehogs’ wide distribution and breadth of habitat use means they are a good model taxon for investigating behavioural responses to winter conditions, such as low temperatures and resource availability. We investigated the over-winter behaviour of desert hedgehogs (Paraechinus aethiopicus) in Qatar by radio-tracking 20 individuals and monitoring the body mass of 31 hedgehogs. Females spent more nights (38.63% of nights tracked) inactive than males (12.6%) and had lower monthly activity levels. The mean temperature on nights where hedgehogs were inactive was 14.9 °C compared with 17.0 °C when hedgehogs were active. By December, females lost a higher percentage of their November body mass than did males, but by February males had lost a higher percentage than females. We conclude that these sex differences in behaviour are a result of differing reproductive strategies with males becoming more active early in spring to search for mates, whereas female hedgehogs conserve energy for producing and raising young and avoid harassment by males. The winter activity of males may be facilitated by the resource-rich environment created by humans at this study site, and basking behaviour. This study highlights intraspecific and interspecific variation in behavioural strategies/tactics in response to winter conditions.
Familiarity modulates both intra- and interspecific yawn contagion in red-capped mangabeys
Authors: Pedruzzi Luca , Aychet Juliette , Le Vern Lise , Maglieri Veronica , Rossard Arnaud , Lemasson Alban , Palagi Elisabetta
Published: July 2022

Yawn contagion (YC) is, compared to spontaneous yawning, an evolutionary recent phenomenon probably linked to behavioral synchronization in highly social species that is more likely when it involves familiar subjects. Here, we investigate for the first time in monkeys which factors modulate intra- and interspecific YC. Through an experimental approach, we exposed 17 red-capped mangabeys to video stimuli (Yawn vs Control) depicting familiar/unfamiliar red-capped mangabeys and humans, and unfamiliar hamadryas. We found that mangabeys yawned more often in response to Yawn than Control videos independently from the species depicted, demonstrating both intra- and interspecific YC in the tested species. Moreover, both mangabey and human familiar yawning stimuli evoked a stronger yawning response in the subjects compared to the unfamiliar counterparts. Neither the amount of time spent looking frontally at the screen (probability of stimulus perception) nor the levels of self-directed behaviors (a proxy of anxiety) accounted for the results. In conclusion, we provide the first evidence that in non-human primate familiarity modulates both intra- and inter-specific YC. Stimuli emitted by familiar faces somehow ease the mechanisms underlying YC, and this modulation can also apply to heterospecific subjects when previous shared experiences provide the prerequisites for the development of social bonds.
Classification of antimicrobial mechanism of action using dynamic bacterial morphology imaging
Authors: Ouyang Xudong , Hoeksma Jelmer , Lubbers Ronnie J. M. , Siersma Tjalling K. , Hamoen Leendert W. , den Hertog Jeroen
Published: July 2022

Antimicrobial resistance is a major threat to human health. Basic knowledge of antimicrobial mechanism of action (MoA) is imperative for patient care and for identification of novel antimicrobials. However, the process of antimicrobial MoA identification is relatively laborious. Here, we developed a simple, quantitative time-lapse fluorescence imaging method, Dynamic Bacterial Morphology Imaging (DBMI), to facilitate this process. It uses a membrane dye and a nucleoid dye to track the morphological changes of single Bacillus subtilis cells in response to antimicrobials for up to 60 min. DBMI of bacterial cells facilitated assignment of the MoAs of 14 distinct, known antimicrobial compounds to the five main classes. We conclude that DBMI is a simple method, which facilitates rapid classification of the MoA of antimicrobials in functionally distinct classes.
Clinical features and histopathological analysis of corneal myxoma
Authors: Al-Qahtani Bader S. , Alkatan Hind M. , Khandekar Rajiv , Al-Salem Ahmed , Al-Swailem Samar A.
Published: July 2022

To describe the presentation, histopathological characteristics, and management outcomes for corneal myxoma. This one-armed cohort study evaluated histologically confirmed consecutive cases of corneal myxoma. Data were evaluated on demographics, clinical presentation, management, histopathological and immunohistochemical features, and outcomes; visual acuity and corneal clarity. The study sample was comprised of 10 eyes (10 patients). The median age at presentation was 10.5 years. Five eyes had high intraocular pressure, four eyes had decreased distance visual acuity and one eye became discolored. Surgical management included penetrating keratoplasty (8 eyes), phototherapeutic keratectomy (1 eye), and evisceration because of a blind painful eye (1 eye). Postoperative best-corrected distance vision ranged from 20/20 to 20/60 (1 eye), < 20/60 to 20/200 (2 eyes), < 20/200 to 20/400 (1 eye), < 20/200 to light perception (4 eyes) and no light perception (1 eye). The histopathology of these lesions showed typical subepithelial proliferating spindle-shaped cells of mesenchymal origin within a myxoid stroma rich in glycosaminoglycan. The median duration of follow-up was 5 years. Recurrence was observed in an eye that underwent local excision. Corneal myxoma is a rare lesion that is presumably isolated, secondary, and reactive in nature. Surgically management yields reasonably favorable outcomes.
Bioavailable iron titrations reveal oceanic Synechococcus ecotypes optimized for different iron availabilities
Authors: Gilbert Naomi E , LeCleir Gary R , Strzepek Robert F , Ellwood Michael J , Twining Benjamin S , Roux S , Pennacchio C , Boyd Philip W , Wilhelm Steven W
Published: July 2022

The trace metal iron (Fe) controls the diversity and activity of phytoplankton across the surface oceans, a paradigm established through decades of in situ and mesocosm experimental studies. Despite widespread Fe-limitation within high-nutrient, low chlorophyll (HNLC) waters, significant contributions of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus to the phytoplankton stock can be found. Correlations among differing strains of Synechococcus across different Fe-regimes have suggested the existence of Fe-adapted ecotypes. However, experimental evidence of high- versus low-Fe adapted strains of Synechococcus is lacking, and so we investigated the transcriptional responses of microbial communities inhabiting the HNLC, sub-Antarctic region of the Southern Ocean during the Spring of 2018. Analysis of metatranscriptomes generated from on-deck incubation experiments reflecting a gradient of Fe-availabilities reveal transcriptomic signatures indicative of co-occurring Synechococcus ecotypes adapted to differing Fe-regimes. Functional analyses comparing low-Fe and high-Fe conditions point to various Fe-acquisition mechanisms that may allow persistence of low-Fe adapted Synechococcus under Fe-limitation. Comparison of in situ surface conditions to the Fe-titrations indicate ecological relevance of these mechanisms as well as persistence of both putative ecotypes within this region. This Fe-titration approach, combined with transcriptomics, highlights the short-term responses of the in situ phytoplankton community to Fe-availability that are often overlooked by examining genomic content or bulk physiological responses alone. These findings expand our knowledge about how phytoplankton in HNLC Southern Ocean waters adapt and respond to changing Fe supply.
The Microbiome and Amino Acid Metabolism
Authors: Diether N. E. , Willing B. P.
Published: July 2022

Proteolytic fermentation occurring in the gastrointestinal tract is an important contributor to host health through the microbial metabolites produced. Microbes affect amino acid balance in the small intestine and contribute to the accumulation of bioactive metabolites in the large intestine. These effects are achieved through highly networked metabolic pathways producing a diverse range of end products, including biogenic amines, phenols, and indoles. These metabolic products have been shown to affect inflammation and barrier function within the gut as well as to exert systemic host effects. This array of functions has implicated proteolytic fermentation metabolites in the development of diabetes, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and colorectal cancer. Tryptophan metabolites in particular have an effect on the gut–brain axis through their function as aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligands. Increased understanding of proteolytic metabolites in recent years has promising implications for our understanding of the role that dysbiosis may play in driving many important diseases.
Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Synbiotics in Human Health
Authors: Wells Olivia L. , Mishra Sidharth , Yadav Hariom
Published: July 2022

Emerging research has revealed that the gut microbiome contributes to several human diseases, therefore development of effective gut microbiome modulators such as probiotics, prebiotics and their combination (synbiotics) is critically needed. In this chapter, we summarize the definitions of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics and evidence of their effects on host health and specific disease processes in humans. We describe the role of probiotic, prebiotic and synbiotic supplementation in specific intra-intestinal and extra-intestinal illnesses including: inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, antibiotic associated diarrhea, Clostridium difficile colitis, necrotizing enterocolitis, type 2 diabetes, Helicobacter pylori gastritis and hepatic encephalopathy. The illnesses selected for review were based on the availability of robust data regarding usage of these bioactive supplements under appropriate clinical conditions. We primarily reviewed the relationship between the composition of the gut microbiome, host health, and disease pathology.
Microbial Drug Interactions and Human Health
Authors: Ilhan Zehra Esra , Herbst-Kralovetz Melissa M.
Published: July 2022

The gut microbiota has emerged as an important drug target due to its substantial effects on host health and capacity to alter the physiochemistry of numerous chemicals. Bidirectional interactions between drugs and the microbiota directly and indirectly affect host metabolism and homeostasis. Several drugs induce gastrointestinal toxicities by perturbing gut microbiota composition, allowing colonization of pathogens and disturbing the synergy between the microorganisms and their hosts. In return, microorganisms metabolize drugs to gain energy and nutrients. These biotransformation reactions affect the disposition of drugs in the body and modulate their efficacy and toxicity. Microorganisms can indirectly contribute to drug pharmokinetics in the body via microbial products regulating host gene expression. Recent developments in in vivo, in vitro, and in silico approaches coupled with multi-omics are advancing our understanding of these complex interactions. Ultimately, integrating an understanding of microbiome–drug interactions to personalized medicine will lead to safer, more economical, and more effective therapies.
Interpenetrating porous photonic crystal balls for rapid naked eye detection of uranyl ions
Authors: Liu Bing , Li Letian , Liu Wenzhao , Chen Qianshan , Wu Zhaoyang
Published: July 2022

We developed a label-free interpenetrating porous photonic crystal ball sensor with amidoxime groups and carboxyl groups by two-step activation for rapid detection of UO22+ with the naked eye without an angle dependence.
Improved survival rate and minimal side effects of doxorubicin for lung metastasis using engineered discoidal polymeric particles
Authors: Park Sanghyo , Park Hyungkyu , Park Chaewon , Yun Wan Su , Hwang Soonjae , Yoon Hong Yeol , Kwon Ick Chan , Kim Kwangmeyung , Key Jaehong
Published: July 2022

Schematic illustration of the synthesis of DOX-DPPs. Improving the therapeutic effect of lung cancer requires the development of a drug delivery system that is intensively delivered to the lungs and effective release of the drug from its location.
Construction of Ni3+-rich nanograss arrays for boosting alkaline water oxidation
Authors: Zhang Ruirui , Bi Jingce , Wu Junbiao , Wang Zhuopeng , Zhang Xia , Han Yide
Published: July 2022

Benefiting from the introduction of V and high-valency Mo for modulation of the electronic structure to obtain a Ni3+-rich microenvironment, a novel Ni3+-rich electrocatalyst achieves excellent OER performance.
Programming the self-assembly of amphiphilic DNA frameworks for sequential boolean logic functions
Authors: Liang Chengpin , Chen Jielin , Li Mingqiang , Li Qian , Fan Chunhai , Luo Shihua , Shen Jianlei
Published: July 2022

Orthogonal noncovalent interactions were used to program the self-assembly of amphiphilic DNA frameworks.
Optimizing the fracture toughness of a dual cross-linked hydrogel via molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Hu Nan , Wang Yimin , Ma Ruibin , Zhang Wenfeng , Li Bin , Zhao Xiuying , Zhang Liqun , Gao Yangyang
Published: July 2022

In this work, a coarse-grained model is adopted to explore the fracture toughness of a dual cross-linked hydrogel which consists of a physically cross-linked network and a chemically cross-linked network.
N-Heterocyclic carbene and cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene complexes of vanadium(iii) and vanadium(v)
Authors: Horrer Günther , Krummenacher Ivo , Mann Sophie , Braunschweig Holger , Radius Udo
Published: July 2022

The synthesis, characterization, and molecular structures of NHC and cAACMestabilized V(iii) and V(v) complexes are presented.
Tetra germanium nonaselenide enwrapped with reduced graphene oxide and functionalized carbon nanotubes (Ge4Se9/RGO/FCNTs) hybrids for improved energy storage performances
Authors: Das Jiban K. , Padhy Abhisek , Parida Smrutimedha , Pathi Radha Madhab , Behera J. N.
Published: July 2022

Germanium nonaselenide (Ge4Se9) enwrapped with reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and functionalized carbon nanotubes (FCNTs) hybrid has been synthesized and its improved electrochemical energy storage performance was investigated.
γ-Glutamylcysteine amelioratesd-gal-induced senescence in PC12 cells and miceviaactivating AMPK and SIRT1
Authors: Lu Shuai , Zhou Jinyi , Yang Chen , Zhang Xiaoxue , Shi Yingying , Liu Jie , Yan Xintong , Liang Juanjuan , Liu Xianli , Luo Lan , Zhou Da , Yin Zhimin
Published: July 2022

γ-glutamylcysteine activates SIRT1 by activating AMPK, promoting the nuclear translocation of GAPDH, while inhibiting that of DBC1. SIRT1 activation causes the deacetylation of p53 in the nucleus and inhibits the protein levels of p21 and p16.
Graphdiyne-based photocatalysts for solar fuel production
Authors: Bie Chuanbiao , Cheng Bei , Ho Wingkei , Li Youji , Macyk Wojciech , Ghasemi Jahan B. , Yu Jiaguo
Published: July 2022

This review summarizes the structure, properties, synthesis, and characterization of graphdiyne and outlines the applications of graphdiyne-based photocatalysts for solar fuel production, including H2evolution, CO2reduction, and N2fixation.
Polymorphic Ga2S3 nanowires: phase-controlled growth and crystal structure calculations
Authors: Park Kidong , Kim Doyeon , Debela Tekalign Terfa , Boujnah Mourad , Zewdie Getasew Mulualem , Seo Jaemin , Kwon Ik Seon , Kwak In Hye , Jung Minkyung , Park Jeunghee , Kang Hong Seok
Published: July 2022

Polymorphic Ga2S3 nanowires grown via chemical vapor deposition exhibit distinctive evolution of various crystal structures.
Tuning the electronic, magnetic, and sensing properties of a single atom embedded microporous C3N6 monolayer towards XO2 (X = C, N, S) gases
Authors: Deshpande Swapnil , Deshpande Mrinalini , Ahuja Rajeev , Hussain Tanveer
Published: July 2022

2D carbon nitride frameworks have received a lot of attention due to their high potential in many applications, such as gas sensing.
Niobium and Tantalum complexes derived from the acids Ph2C(X)CO2H (X = OH, NH2): synthesis, structure and ROP capability
Authors: Zhang Xin , Prior Timothy J. , Redshaw Carl
Published: July 2022

Tetranuclear [M4(OEt)8(L1)4(μ-O)2] and dinuclear [M2(OEt)4(L2H2)4(μ-O)] complexes (M = Nb, Ta) derived from benzilic acid (L1H2) and diphenylglycine (L2H3) have been structurally characterized and are capable of the ROP of μ-caprolactone and rac-lactide.
Host-induced alteration of the neighbors of single platinum atoms enables selective and stable hydrogenation of butadiene
Authors: Wang Yi , Wang Mengru , Mou Xiaoling , Wang Shiyi , Jiang Xunzhu , Chen Zupeng , Jiang Zheng , Lin Ronghe , Ding Yunjie
Published: July 2022

Single platinum atoms hosted on carbon nitride and nitrogen-doped carbon exhibit diverse catalytic responses in the selective hydrogenation of 1,3-butadiene.
Domino assembly of dithiocarbamatesviaCu-catalyzed denitrogenative thiolation of iodotriazole-based diazo precursors
Authors: Kotovshchikov Yury N. , Sultanov Rinat H. , Latyshev Gennadij V. , Lukashev Nikolay V. , Beletskaya Irina P.
Published: July 2022

An efficient domino approach to assemble benzoxazoles and anthranilamides bearing dithiocarbamate moietiesviaa Cu-catalyzed three-component reaction between readily available 5-iodo-1,2,3-triazoles, amines, and CS2has been developed.
Roles of chitosan in synthesis, antibacterial and anti-biofilm properties of bionano silver and gold
Authors: M. Fathil Mohammad Aqil , Faris Taufeq Farha Yasmin , Suleman Ismail Abdalla Sundos , Katas Haliza
Published: July 2022

Biosynthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles using extract of tiger milk mushroom and stabilized by chitosan were effective at inhibiting biofilm formation and growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, common biofilm-forming pathogens on wound surfaces.
Sustainable dyeing of ramie fiber with ternary reactive dye mixtures in liquid ammonia
Authors: Gao Bo , Huang Xiaolong , Jiang Tiancheng , Pervez Md. Nahid , Zhu Wenju , Hassan Mohammad Mahbubul , Cai Yingjie , Naddeo Vincenzo
Published: July 2022

Liquid ammonia (LA) dyeing is a zero-effluent and sustainable dyeing technology investigated for textiles.
Role of water environment in chemical degradation of a covalent organic framework tethered with quaternary ammonium for anion exchange membranes
Authors: Qiu Siyao , Wang Wei , Lu Jibao , Sun Rong
Published: July 2022

Effective density of water acts as a descriptor to quantitatively characterize the level degradation of the COF-based AEMs.
Experimental correlation of Mn3+cation defects and electrocatalytic activity of α-MnO2– an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study
Authors: Fink Michael F. , Weiss Morten , Marschall Roland , Roth Christina
Published: July 2022

The role of Mn3+cation defects in electrocatalysis of α-MnO2towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is demonstrated. Ultimately, a volcano trend in intrinsic activities unveiled ∼50 mol% Mn3+to be the optimal content for highest ORR activity.
Simultaneous achievement of ultrahigh energy storage density and high efficiency in BiFeO3-based relaxor ferroelectric ceramics via a highly disordered multicomponent design
Authors: Cui Tao , Zhang Ji , Guo Jian , Li Xiongjie , Guo Shun , Huan Yu , Wang Jing , Zhang Shan-Tao
Published: July 2022

The synergistic contributions of high Pmax, small Pr and large Eb endow the BiFeO3-based ceramics with relaxor ferroelectric characteristics, due to which an ultrahigh Wrec of 13.9 J cm−3 and high η of 89.6% have been achieved synchronously.
MBenes: progress, challenges and future
Authors: Zhang Bikun , Zhou Jian , Sun Zhimei
Published: July 2022

The synthesis methods, properties and applications for energy storage and electrocatalysis of MBenes were summarized. Furthermore, discussions and perspectives on the existing problems, major challenges and future development of MBenes were provided.
Fibrous triboelectric nanogenerators: fabrication, integration, and application
Authors: Cui Xiuju , Wu Hanguang , Wang Rui
Published: July 2022

The recent progress in fibrous triboelectric nanogenerators (F-TENGs) is comprehensively introduced, with a special focus on their different fabrication techniques.
An update on biomaterials as microneedle matrixes for biomedical applications
Authors: Zhang Xiao Peng , He Yu Ting , Li Wen Xuan , Chen Bo Zhi , Zhang Can Yang , Cui Yong , Guo Xin Dong
Published: July 2022

In this review, we have summarised and reviewed the current matrix materials used for the preparation of MNs in light of the five aspects. In addition, we conclude with a summary of the MN products used on the market and their applications.
Output feedback based poles configuration for LDP systems with varying state and input dimensions
Authors: Gao Jixun , Han Chaofei , Zhao Yuanyuan , Lv Lingling
Published: July 2022

The problem of pole configuration via periodic output feedback for linear discrete periodic systems with time‐varying dimensions of states and input spaces is addressed. By some mathematical derivation, the considered problem can be reduced into solving a special Sylvester matrix equation from which the periodic output feedback gains can be separated and computed explicitly. Based on this, a detail parametric algorithm is presented, by which countless periodic output feedback gains can be generated by choosing different free parameter matrices. Furthermore, the proposed approach is used to achieve robustness performance and robust poles configuration algorithm is provided. Numerical examples are employed to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.
V2PFQL: A proactive fault tolerance approach for cloud‐hosted applications in cloud computing environment
Authors: Bui Thanh Khiet , Tran Cong Hung , Pham Tran Vu
Published: July 2022

Proactive Fault tolerant (FT) approaches for infrastructure's cloud computing which have been increasingly developed in research scope with the support of machine learning need consistent monitoring and highly accurate predicting systems. However, it is difficult to implement the proactive fault tolerant approach of infrastructure's cloud computing because of complex architecture, dynamic services, and many interdependent factors existing in cloud environment. To overcome this problem, a proactive FT approach for cloud‐hosted application is proposed to achieve a high degree of automation, including physical machine (PM) fault analysis and self‐learning virtual machine (VM) migration. It is based on MAPE‐K (Monitor‐Analyze‐Plan‐Execute over a shared Knowledge) loop to take into account the knowledge inside controllers in run time. To evaluate PM fault analysis model, the web e‐Commerce is deployed by OpenStack Stein while the prototype of VM migration component is built by CloudSim for VM migration solution evaluation. The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated in experiment results.
An isolated modular multi‐level AC/AC converter with high‐frequency link and pulse flip circuit for fractional frequency transmission system application
Authors: Meng Yongqing , Kong Ying , Li Jin , Jia Feng , Wang Xiuli , Wang Xifan
Published: July 2022

Based on the modular topology and the traditional voltage‐sourced converter (VSC) model, this paper presents an isolated modular multi‐level AC/AC converter with high‐frequency (HF) link and pulse flip circuit for fractional frequency transmission system (FFTS) application. The proposed converter uses the HF transformer to realize electrical isolation, omitting the industrial frequency (IF) transformer with large volume and heavy weight. In the primary side of the HF transformer, the power transmission is realized by the rectifier and the inverter. In the secondary side of the HF transformer, the double H‐bridges are used to realize the natural freewheeling of the leakage current, which solves the problem of voltage overshoot. On the basis of carrier phase‐shifted pulse width modulation (CPS‐PWM), an improved modulation strategy is proposed to realize the HF output voltage of the inverter. It has the advantages of easy expansion, no circulation current, good output voltage quality, low cost and no need of offshore converter station, so it has great potential in the field of offshore wind power grid connection. The working principle, natural freewheeling modes, modulation method and overall system control scheme of the proposed topology are introduced in detail, and the feasibility of the proposed topology is verified by simulation in MATLAB/Simulink environment and test through APPSIM platform.
Anti‐misalignment and lightweight magnetic coupler with H‐shaped receiver structure for AUV wireless power transfer
Authors: Qiao Kangheng , Sun Pan , Rong Enguo , Sun Jun , Zhou Hang , Wu Xusheng
Published: July 2022

Inductive power transmission technology provides a new way to solve the energy problem of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). The performance of the magnetic coupler determines the system transfer capacity. A novel open‐type magnetic coupler with a simple structure, lightweight, strong anti‐misalignment performance and high self‐inductance stability is proposed for the arc‐shaped shell of AUV. The proposed magnetic coupler employs an arc‐shaped transmitter and the receiver uses an H‐shaped ferrite core to realize the close coupling of magnetic flux in the vertical direction. The parameters of the magnetic coupler are optimized based on ANSYS Maxwell simulation, which ensures its coupling performance and anti‐misalignment performance while minimizing the volume and weight of the receiver. To verify the proposal, a wireless charging system with a 183.9 g receiver is built. The maximum self‐inductance change rate of the coil and maximum coupling coefficient change rate under the conditions of axial misalignment from −25 mm to 25 mm and rotational misalignment from −10° to 10° are 2.9% and 14.3%, respectively. In the case of full alignment, it can deliver 735.6 W at a DC‐DC efficiency of 90.87%.
Gas condensation in brightest group galaxies unveiled with MUSE
Authors: Olivares V. , Salomé P. , Hamer S. L. , Combes F. , Gaspari M. , Kolokythas K. , O’Sullivan E. , Beckmann R. S. , Babul A. , Polles F. L. , Lehnert M. , Loubser S. I. , Donahue M. , Gendron-Marsolais M.-L. , Lagos P. , Pineau des Forets G. , Godard B. , Rose T. , Tremblay G. , Ferland G. , Guillard P.
Published: July 2022

The origin of the cold gas in central galaxies in groups is still a matter of debate. We present Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) observations of 18 optically selected local (z ≤ 0.017) brightest group galaxies (BGGs) to study the kinematics and distribution of the optical emission-line gas. MUSE observations reveal a distribution of gas morphologies including ten complex networks of filaments extending up to ∼10 kpc to two compact (< 3 kpc) and five extended (> 5 kpc) disk-dominated structures. Some rotating disks show rings and elongated structures arising from the central disk. The kinematics of the stellar component is mainly rotation-dominated, which is very different from the disturbed kinematics and distribution found in the filamentary sources. The ionized gas is kinematically decoupled from the stellar component for most systems, suggesting an external origin for the gas. We also find that the Hαluminosity correlates with the cold molecular gas mass. By exploring the thermodynamical properties of the X-ray atmospheres, we find that the filamentary structures and compact disks are found in systems with small central entropy values,K, andtcool/teddyratios. This suggests that, similar to brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) in cool core clusters, the ionized filaments and the cold gas associated to them are likely formed from hot halo gas condensations via thermal instabilities, which is consistent with the chaotic cold accretion simulations (as shown via the C ratio, Tat, andkplot). We note that the presence of gaseous rotating disks is more frequent than in BCGs. An explanation for the origin of the gas in those objects is a contribution to gas fueling by wet mergers or group satellites, as qualitatively hinted at by some sources of the present sample. Nonetheless, we discuss the possibility that some extended disks could also be a transition stage in an evolutionary sequence including filaments, extended disks, and compact disks, as described by hot gas condensation models of cooling flows.
Public Health und Partizipation von Expertinnen und Experten aus
Erfahrung in Österreich: erste explorative Erhebung
Authors: Rojatz Daniela , Wahl Anna
Published: July 2022

Partizipation ist ein Grundprinzip der Gesundheitsförderung und der
Public Health. Bürger- und Patientenbeteiligung im Gesundheitswesen gilt
in Österreich als wenig ausgeprägt und die bestehende Praxis als
wenig sichtbar. Durchgeführt wurde eine explorative Online-Erhebung
unter Mitgliedern der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Public
Health. Ziel ist es, erste Hinweise auf den Status Quo von Partizipation von
Expertinnen und Experten aus Erfahrung („Betroffenen“) in
Forschung, Strategieentwicklung und Praxis zu ermitteln. Es wurden 29
Organisationen identifiziert, die partizipativ bzw. zu Partizipation arbeiten.
Die erhobene Partizipationspraxis erwies sich als methodisch vielfältig.
Die Orientierung an Partizipationsmodellen kann als kleinster gemeinsamer Nenner
eine Grundlage für weiteren Austausch und gemeinsames Lernen von
Partizipation bieten.
The Effect of Hearing Aids on Sound Localization in Mild Unilateral Conductive Hearing Loss
Authors: Zavdy Ofir , Fostick Leah , Fink Nir , Danin Shir , Levin Aviya , Lipschitz Noga , Hilly Ohad
Published: July 2022

Abstract Background Binaural hearing is of utmost importance for communicating in noisy surroundings and localizing the direction of sound. Unilateral hearing loss (UHL) affects the quality of life in both childhood and adulthood, speech development, and academic
achievements. Sound amplification using air-conducting hearing aids (HAs) is a common option for hearing rehabilitation of UHL. The processing time of digital HAs can significantly delay the acoustic stimulation in 3 to 10 milliseconds, which is far longer than the maximal natural interaural
time difference (ITD) of 750 microseconds. This can further impair spatial localization in these patients. Purpose We sought to assess whether HA effects on ITD and interaural level difference (ILD) impair localization among subjects with unilateral conductive hearing loss
(UCHL). Research Design “Normal”-hearing participants underwent localization testing in different free field settings. Study Sample Ten volunteers with “normal”-hearing thresholds participated. Intervention Repeated assessments
were compared between “normal” (binaural) hearing, UCHL induced by insertion of an inactivated HA to the ear canal (conductive HL), and amplification with a HA. Results In UCHL mode, with HA switched-off, localization was significantly impaired compared to “normal”
hearing (NH; η2 = 0.151). Localization error was more pronounced when sound was presented from the front and from the side of the occluded ear. When switched-on, amplification with HAs significantly improved localization for all participants compared to UCHL. Better
localization with HAs was seen in high frequencies compared to low frequencies (η2 = 0.08, 0.03). Even with HAs, localization did not reach that of NH (η2 = 0.034). Conclusion Mild UCHL caused localization to deteriorate.
HAs significantly improved sound localization, albeit the delay caused by the device processing time. Most of the improvements were seen in high-frequency sounds, representing a beneficial effect of amplification on ILD. Our results have potential clinical value in situations of mild CHL,
for instance, otitis media with effusion.
Outcomes of Combined Visual and Auditive Stimulation on Functions of Hand and Grip Strengths in Patients with Hemiplegia
Authors: Baishya Bhaswati , Varathan Kalidasan
Published: July 2022

Background Stroke is a major ailment that results from hypoxia, ischemia, blockage, or hemorrhage. The recovery of hand functions is an essential goal in stroke patients' recovery.

Aim This study aimed to analyze the outcomes of rhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS) and mirror therapy on hand functions, as well as grip strength, in stroke patients.

Materials and Methods A quasiexperimental study has been used based on criteria of inclusion, 30 patients were enrolled. The participants were assigned to two groups, 15 patients each. Group A (control group) underwent traditional physiotherapy. Group B (experimental group) underwent RAS and mirror therapy. Both the groups received 20 minutes of treatment, 20 sessions in 1 month. The Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) and hand-held dynamometer were used to evaluate results. Paired t-test has been used to analyze the data with the SPSS software tool.

Results The paired t-test results showed that notable distinctions in ARAT mean pretest scores between two groups were not found. A notable change in ARAT results was present between the two groups with mean posttest score and difference in pretest to posttest. No notable distinctions in grip strength results were seen with mean pretest results. But a notable change was found in grip strength results among two groups with mean posttest scores.

Conclusion Combining RAS and mirror therapy programs has shown beneficial effects on hand functions, as well as grip strength of stroke patients and can be used as adjunct interventions along with conventional physiotherapy to encourage restoration of hand functions in hemiparetic patients.
Health Economics and Equity in Preconception Health Care: A Systematic Review
Authors: Carrandi Alayna , Bull Claudia , Callander Emily
Published: July 2022

Poor pregnancy outcomes affect a child's lifelong health and disadvantaged populations are at higher risk of poor pregnancy outcomes. Preconception care aims to improve pregnancy outcomes by managing conditions and risks prior to conception. Given known inequities in pregnancy outcomes, the adoption of preconception care may benefit disadvantaged populations. Health economics plays an important role in the implementation of interventions, as economic evaluations seek to identify the most efficient and equitable care options. This review aimed to identify the cost-effectiveness of preconception care and how equity has been considered in these evaluations. A systematic review of literature published between 2012–2022 was undertaken to identify studies that evaluate the economic outcomes of preconception care. Studies that met the inclusion criteria were manually searched for consideration of equity in the economic evaluation analysis. Costs were presented and a narrative synthesis of studies reporting on outcomes of equity was conducted. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria, and only two reported on aspects of equity, specifically ethnicity. Considering the significant disparities in pregnancy outcomes among disadvantaged populations, aspects of equity are important to consider when implementing and evaluating preconception interventions. Therefore, it is recommended that future research focuses on the cost-effectiveness of preconception care and that these evaluations incorporate aspects of equity.