INSTRUMENT ASSESSMENT IN STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOME FOR FACTUAL AND CONCEPTUAL HOTS ON SCIENCE EDUCATION
Authors: Winarni Endang Widi , Purwandari Endina Putri , Hartono Rinto 
Published: July 2024

ABSTRAK
 
Tujuan penelitian adalah memberikan gambaran kepraktisan HOTS faktual dan konseptual sebagai alat penilaian dalam konteks pendidikan IPA, serta profil hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan model ADDIE sebagai kerangka model Penelitian dan Pengembangan (R&D). Peserta penelitian terdiri dari dua puluh orang yang duduk di kelas empat sekolah dasar di Bengkulu Tengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan panduan wawancara, angket, dan penilaian pemahaman konseptual dengan pertanyaan pilihan ganda. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis data yang melibatkan validasi ahli pada aspek materi, bahasa, konstruksi, dan reliabilitas, serta pemeriksaan hasil tes. Analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dilakukan untuk menilai profil prestasi belajar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat instrumen penilaian keterampilan Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi pada faktual dan konseptual yang valid dan reliabel. Secara khusus, penelitian ini mengidentifikasi 15 dari 20 item asli yang memenuhi kriteria validitas dan reliabilitas. Soal tingkat kognitif dikategorikan menjadi tiga tingkatan, yaitu 40% masuk kategori C4, 33,33% masuk kategori C5, dan 26,67% masuk kategori C6. Studi ini juga menemukan bahwa 46,67% pertanyaan menilai pengetahuan faktual, sementara 53,33% menilai pengetahuan konseptual. Tingkat kognitif menganalisis memiliki profil tertinggi sebesar 88,33%, mengevaluasi sebesar 81%, dan mencipta sebesar 66,67%. Profil hasil belajar pengetahuan faktual sebesar 76,67%, sedangkan pengetahuan konseptual sebesar 72,22%.
 
Kata  kunci: instrumen penilaian, faktual dan konseptual, keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi, hasil belajar, pembelajaran IPA.
 
ABSTRACT
 
The research objective is to provide a depiction of the practicality of factual and conceptual HOTS as an assessment tool in the context of science education, as well as the profiles of student learning outcomes. The present study employs the ADDIE model as a framework for Research and Development (R&D) model. The study's participants comprised of twenty in the fourth-grade from elementary school in Bengkulu Tengah. The research employed interview guides, questionnaires, and conceptual comprehension assessment with multiple-choice questions. The present study employs a data analysis technique that involves expert validation to material, language, construction, and reliability aspects, alongside the examination of test results. Quantitative descriptive analysis was conducted to assess the learning achievement profile. The study results indicate that there are valid and reliable instruments for assessing factual and conceptual Higher-Order Thinking skills (HOTs). Specifically, the study identified 15 out of the original 20 items that met the criteria for validity and reliability. The cognitive level questions were categorized into three levels, with 40% categorized in C4, 33.33% in C5, and 26.67% in C6. The study also found that 46.67% of the questions assessed factual knowledge, while 53.33% assessed conceptual knowledge. The cognitive level of analyzing had the highest profile at 88.33%, followed by evaluating at 81%, and creating at 66.67%. The profile of learning outcomes for factual knowledge was 76.67%, while that for conceptual knowledge was 72.22%.
 
Keywords: assessment instrument, factual and conceptual, Higher-Order Thinking skills (HOTs), learning outcome, science learning