bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementasi Metode MAUT Pada Sistem Penunjang Keputusan Dalam Perancangan Sistem E-Voting Pemilihan Calon Ketua OSIS
Authors: Trisudarmo Ragel , Nursyamsu Roni , Wati Dyah Puteria
Published: April 2024

Proses pemilihan dalam sebuah organisasi di lingkungan sekolah menjadi momen penting bagi siswa dalam melatih dan mengembangkan keterampilan kepemimpinan dan pemahaman terhadap sistem demokrasi agar setiap siswa dapat menggunakan hak suara untuk memilih pasangan calon ketua OSIS yang terbaik. Untuk mendapatkan calon-calon ketua atau bakal calon ketua yang kompeten serta berkualitas dibutuhkan adanya impementasi sistem, sejauh ini proses pemilihan bakal calon ketua dianggap tidak serius tidak memperhatikan syarat atau aspek pendukung yang dimiliki oleh seluruh bakal calon sejauh ini masih dilakukan secara subjektif. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan impelemntasi sistem penunjang keputusan menggunakan metode Multi-Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT) secara efektif dan membantu dalam proses pemilihan bakal calon ketua secara objektif dengan dapat melakukan penyelesaian perhitungan berdasarkan syarat atau aspek pendukung yang dimilikinya. Metode MAUT digunakan untuk dapat menyelesaikan kompleksitas dalam pengambilan keputusan memilih bakal calon ketua.Pada penelitian ini dalam penerapan Metode MAUT dapat meberikan hasil rekomendasi sebagai calon ketua OSIS pada peringkat 1 – 3 dengan total hasil terbesar 0.706 untuk A8, 0.689 untuk nilai hasil A2 dan 0.63 untuk hasil A10,  sementara peringkat 4 – 6 sebagai wakil ketua OSIS dengan nilai 0.624 untuk A5, nilai 0.523 untuk A1 dan 0.51 untuk aternatif A3 untuk selanjutnya menjadi pasangan calon yang akan dipilih secara langsung menggunakan sistem E-Voting. Diharapkan bahwa sistem ini dapat memberikan kontribusi signifikan dalam meningkatkan transparansi, efisiensi, dan validitas dalam proses demokrasi di lingkungan sekolah.
Hamiltonian truncation crafted for UV-divergent QFTs
Authors: Delouche Olivier , Elias Miro Joan , Ingoldby James
Published: April 2024

We develop the theory of Hamiltonian Truncation (HT) to systematically study RG flows that require the renormalization of coupling constants. This is a necessary step towards making HT a fully general method for QFT calculations. We apply this theory to a number of QFTs defined as relevant deformations of d=1+1 CFTs. We investigated three examples of increasing complexity: The deformed Ising, Tricritical-Ising, and non-unitary minimal model M(3,7). The first two examples provide a crosscheck of our methodologies against well established characteristics of these theories. The M(3,7) CFT deformed by its \mathbb{Z}_2ℤ2-even operators shows an intricate phase diagram that we clarify. At a boundary of this phase diagram we show that this theory flows, in the IR, to the M(3,5) CFT.
Robust extended states in Anderson model on partially disordered random regular graphs
Authors: Kochergin Daniil , Khaymovich Ivan M. , Valba Olga , Gorsky Alexander S.
Published: April 2024

In this work we analytically explain the origin of the mobility edge in the partially disordered random regular graphs of degree d, i.e., with a fraction \betaβ of the sites being disordered, while the rest remain clean. It is shown that the mobility edge in the spectrum survives in a certain range of parameters (d,\betaβ) at infinitely large uniformly distributed disorder. The critical curve separating extended and localized states is derived analytically and confirmed numerically. The duality in the localization properties between the sparse and extremely dense RRG has been found and understood.
CFT and lattice correlators near an RG domain wall between minimal models
Authors: Cogburn Cameron V. , Fitzpatrick Andrew Liam , Geng Hao
Published: April 2024

Conformal interfaces separating two conformal field theories (CFTs) provide maps between different CFTs, and naturally exist in nature as domain walls between different phases. One particularly interesting construction of a conformal interface is the renormalization group (RG) domain wall between CFTs. For a given Virasoro minimal model \mathcal{M}_{k+3,k+2}ℳk+3,k+2, an RG domain wall can be generated by a specific deformation which triggers an RG flow towards its adjacent Virasoro minimal model \mathcal{M}_{k+2,k+1}ℳk+2,k+1 with the deformation turned on over part of the space. An algebraic construction of this domain wall was proposed by Gaiotto in [J. High Energy Phys. 12, 103 (2012)]. In this paper, we will provide a study of this RG domain wall for the minimal case k=2k=2, which can be thought of as a nonperturbative check of the construction. In this case the wall is separating the Tricritical Ising Model (TIM) CFT and the Ising Model (IM) CFT. We will check the analytical results of correlation functions from the RG brane construction with the numerical density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) calculation using a lattice model proposed in [arXiv.1206.1332, Science 344, 280 (2014)], and find a perfect agreement. We comment on possible experimental realizations of this RG domain wall.
The Einstein equation solution inside a ball with uniform density
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Drivotin Oleg I.
Published: April 2024

A great number of solutions of the Einstein field equation are known. They describe the gravitational field in the empty space-time, in the space-time with electromagnetic field and for a ball filled with a liquid under pressure. The present work is devoted to gravitational field generated by some mass distribution. One of the simplest cases is considered, when mass is uniformly distributed inside a ball and is not moving. The boundary problem for the Einstein equation is formulated. Solution outside the ball is the Schwartzschild solution in vacuum. The coordinates at which the Schwartzschild solution is written are different from the coordinates used in equations for components of the metric tensor inside the ball. Relations between internal and external coordinates are found on the ball surface. They allow to use the Schwartzschild solution for formulation of boundary conditions for internal solution. The solution of the boundary problem is found for the case of weak field. This solution can be used as an example in the analysis of laws of conservation for the gravitational field, in which interaction of mass with field generated by the mass gives a contribution to momentum and energy of the gravitational field.
Algorithms for compiling a mathematical model of physical systems using graphs
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Karpov Andrey G. , Egorov Nikolay V. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: April 2024

A system of algorithms for compiling a mathematical model of physical systems, the structure of which is given using graphs of great complexity, is proposed. The proposed algorithms can be used not only to develop new systems, but also to diagnose operating equipment and troubleshooting. The resulting mathematical model of the system, presented in the form of a system of equations, allows us to obtain a unique solution. The operation of the algorithms is illustrated using the example of a mechanical system, but the results of the work can be extended to systems of a different nature using electromechanical or electroeconomic analogies.
Mathematical and computer modeling of automatic control in the presence of disturbances
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Smirnov Mikhail N. , Smirnova Maria A. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: April 2024

One of the most important tasks of the automatic motion control system in real operating conditions is to compensate for the influence of disturbances acting on the object, taking into account the peculiarities of its dynamics. This article presents a method for calculating the coefficients of automatic control, which provides a minimum of the size of the set of reactions to non-deterministic external influences, limited by the norm, and the necessary location of the roots of the characteristic polynomial of a system closed by such control. The specified algorithm is implemented in MATLAB and tested on the example of a specific marine vessel. Based on the simulation results, a conclusion is made about the acceptable quality of the generated algorithm.
Modern Academic Discourse and the Typology of the Тext in Theory and Practice (a Comparative Study of the Abstract Genre)
Authors:   Paris-Lodron-Universität Salzburg, Rebrova Irina V. , Gregory-Moores Colin ,   Vorarlberg University of Applied Sciences
Published: April 2024

This article discusses the abstract as a typological genre as well as the components that comprise its structure and content. Abstract writing as a discursive act is viewed from two angles: internationally and from within the isolation of national perspectives. Comparing the development of the genre within and beyond a single linguistic culture, the article describes the different approaches to the genre in Western and Russian research. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of such categories as textuality and “cultural markedness” and discusses the main characteristics of the genre in relation to the lingua franca. Through a close reading and comparative analysis of student abstracts, the article examines 1) mistakes occurring in these abstracts in order to make inferences about the typological features of the genre, and 2) specific structural and content components against the backdrop of the lingua franca in order to draw conclusions about the structure of the genre. This analysis reveals discrepancies between the structural components of the text and the transfer of the general meaning of the text as well as textual lacunae in the matrix of the genre of another linguistic culture. It subdivides the genre of specific types of texts according to their structure and content, and also identifies the precedent genre in Russian and English linguistic culture. Furthermore, it argues that an ethnomethodology should include information about the specificity of the genre within contemporary academic discourse. The article recommends further research in the following areas: divergences from norms within the genre; optional components in the typology of the text and national academic discourse; a three-tier model for analyzing the genre in the foreign-language classroom: the language being studied — the native language — the lingua franca.
The Word “Expert” in Russian Media Discourse: Semantics and Pragmatics in Conditions of Uncertainty
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Kaminskaya Tatiana L. ,   Novgorod State University
Published: April 2024

The semantics of the word “expert” in the Russian language media space and the pragmatics of introducing expert commentary into a media text are studied using the method of content analysis and discourse analysis of expert media content. The studied media content includes interviews with experts on YouTube; expert comments introduced into the journalistic text of the leading socio-political mass media and online lifestyle media, which are in the top 10 according to Mediascope, as well as expert channels in Telegram. The method of associative experiment revealed the value-evaluative meanings attached to the word expert in the linguistic consciousness of journalism students. The relevance of the study is conditioned by the explosive increase in the use of the word expert in the Russian-language media space in the last two years, the increasing flow of requests for expert opinions on digital platforms, and the involvement of more and more humanities students in expert discourse in response to the media sphere’s demand for the formation of a stable picture of the world. The novelty of this article is predetermined by the material itself, which has not been systematically analyzed before, as well as by the approach to the research. The study has shown that in the conditions of socio-political instability and uncertainty of the future, the main function of the expert is to interpret events and orient in the modern world, which is expressed in the frequent combination of the word with verbs of speaking: explained, interpreted, analyzed. At the same time, the content of the concept of expert in the young generation of journalists is associated with such notions as high social status, communicative leadership, and realization in the media space, i. e. with those that describe a modern person immersed in the info-newsletter, an information specialist. The pragmatic element of the increase of expert media content in the media is connected, on the one hand, with the problem of media fake news, which was aggravated with the onset of the pandemic and special military operation (SMO), the problem of trust in the media, and, on the other hand, with the need for journalists to resort to the interpretation of an increasingly complex and turbulent world.
Typology of the Thematic Group “Toys” in the Russian Language of the 21st Century
Authors:   Vladimir State University named after Alexander Grigorievich and Nikolai Grigorievich Stoletov, Kotane Lyudmila V.
Published: April 2024

In the article, the author addresses the definitions of the concept of “toys” and their functions, as well as existing classifications in psychology, pedagogy, didactics and marketing (trade). The definitions of a “thematic group” (TG) are considered and a working formulation of the concept is given. A morphological and syntactic analysis of the collected empirical base was carried out, where the names of toys and games, works of children’s literature and the National Corpus of the Russian Language were selected as sources. Several types of lexical units of the TG “Toys” are presented: individual lexemes (nouns, adjectives, verbs), phrases (simple, multi-component). The author also identifies five groups of verbs: expressing rational, irrational action; actions characteristic of a person, sounds and verbs of movement. Based on the analyzed classifications and collected empirical material (1800 lexemes related to the TG “Toys”), a typology is created that reflects systemic relationships at the lexical level of the modern Russian language. Three main thematic areas, fields of nominations for this TG in the Russian language of the 21st century have been identified: natural, artificial and virtual toys. The thematic area “Natural toys” includes two subgroups: natural objects and household objects. The composition of the term “Artificial toys” is described by ten lexical-semantic groups. The thematic area “Virtual toys” includes three lexical and semantic groups. The identification of the third TO — “Virtual toys” — is a new phenomenon for the classification of toys not only in linguistics, but also in the wide field of this concept.
Reception of the Christian Tradition in the Works of Marina Paley’s Prose
Authors:   Gorky Institute of Literature and Creative Writing, Ledneva Dar’ia M.
Published: April 2024

The author argues that Marina Paley, being an intellectual writer, tries to find out genre form for proper representation of her worldview and aesthetic values. Consequently Paley pays attention to the Christian literary tradition The purpose of writing the article was to study the writer’s embodiment of the author’s consciousness in the genre forms of the Yuletide/Christmas story (“An Enclave for two”) and parable (parable novel “Choir”). The objective of the article is to analyze the embodiment of the writer’s consciousness in the genre forms of the Yuletide/Christmas story and parable. The article reviews the characteristics and peculiarities of modern Yuletide/ Christmas story. Many contemporary Russian writers use this genre form to criticize the immorality and lack of spirituality of society. Marina Paley also interprets the motive of the miracle in her own way. The miracle is the result of personal efforts. However, there is no spiritual rebirth or revelation with the character, she remains true to her conviction. Th us, Christmas time also acts as a test of a person’s character. The Christmas motifs are also can be found in the play “The Immersion” that shows a sharply critical view of the social structure. In contrast to the story “An Enclave for Two”, the eff orts of the characters do not bring results, the Christmas miracle does not happen, and the Yuletide and Christmas elements in this play emphasize only the absurdity of the soulless reality. The interpretation of the parable genre allows the author, without descending to a moralizing text with an action guide, to create a work that encourages an analytical look at the nature of human relationships and Divine Providence. Keywords: Marina Paley, literary tradition, parable, Christmas story, Yuletide story, tragicomedy buff.
Discourse of Another in Joseph Brodsky’s Poem “In Front of the Pushkin Monument in Odessa”
Authors:   Pitirim Sorokin Syktyvkar State University, Smirnova Dar’ia M.
Published: April 2024

The topic of the article was someone else’s word in I. Brodsky’s poem “Before the monument to A. S. Pushkin in Odessa.” The method of intertextual analysis and the biographical method were used. Pushkin’s intertext is analyzed using allusions to A. S. Pushkin’s poems about freedom (“Prisoner”, “God forbid, God forbid me to go crazy…”, “To the Sea”), references to his other texts (fairy tales, “The Bronze Horseman”). The inclusion of other forms of someone else’s word in the text of the work is also explored. Describing A. S. Pushkin, commenting on his poems on the topic of freedom, I. Brodsky reveals similarities with his own position: in the poem he focuses on those facts of the poet’s biography that resonate with his biography, and to enhance this similarity he places them in the right place for himself context. The work presents the image of A. S. Pushkin, which is seen by I. Brodsky the exile, but not by the researcher-biographer, therefore some features of this image are exaggerated, and some are omitted (this is how, according to I. Brodsky, freedom appears to A. S. Pushkin the most important value). The author of the poem perceives A. S. Pushkin through the prism of his own worldview, giving him the features of an exile, realizes his ideas in the text both explicitly, speaking about “kinship” with the poet, and implicitly, through comments on Pushkin’s lines. This allows I. Brodsky to consider himself a continuator of the poetic mission of A. S. Pushkin, which is to declare various values (including the value of freedom) in poetic texts.
Astaxanthin as an Anticancer Agent against Breast Cancer: An In
Vivo and In Vitro Investigation
Authors: Shokrian Zeini Maryam , Pakravesh Seyyed Mohammad , Jalili Kolour Seyed Mostafa , Soghala Shahrad , Dabbagh Ohadi Mohammad Amin , Ghanbar Ali Akhavan Haniyeh , Sayyahi Zeinab , Mahya Lena , Jahani Saleheh , Shojaei Baghini Sadegh , Farkhondeh Tahereh , Kabiri Mahboubeh , Samarghandian Saeed
Published: April 2024

Aim::

This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant properties, cytotoxic activity,
and apoptotic effects of astaxanthin (ASX) on genes and pathways involved in
breast cancer in Balb/c mice models injected with the 4T1 cell line. Background: ASX
could inhibit some tumor progression by using in vivo and in vitro models. Objective:
The effect of ASX on breast cancer was not fully understood till now.

Method::

In an in vivo model, 4T1 cells-injected mice were administered with different
concentrations of ASX (100 and 200 mg/kg), and histopathological evaluations were
done using an optical microscope and the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The real-
time PCR investigated the expression levels of B-cell lymphoma 2-associated X
(Bax), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), and Caspase 3 genes in mice treated with 100 and
200 mg/kg ASX. Also, the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde
(MDA) were examined in ASX-treated cancer mice.

Results::

ASX (200 mg/kg) caused a significant reduction in the mitotic cell count of tumor
tissues compared to ASX (100 mg/kg). The antiproliferative effects of different concentrations
of ASX were shown based on the MTT results. The treatment of breast tumor
mice with both concentrations of ASX, especially 200 mg/kg, elevated the expression
of Caspase 3, Bax, and SOD enzyme levels and decreased Bcl-2 expression and
MDA enzyme levels.

Conclusion::

ASX can be considered a promising alternative treatment for breast cancer.
The Impact of Spironolactone Co-administration on Cyclosporin Initial Dosage
Optimization for Pediatric Refractory Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: Han Huan-Huan , Rui Min , Yang Yang , Cui Jia-Fang , Huang Xue-Ting , Zhang Shi-Jia , He Su-Mei , Wang Dong-Dong , Chen Xiao
Published: April 2024

Objectives:

Cyclosporin has been used for the treatment of pediatric refractory nephrotic syndrome
(PRNS). However, the narrow therapeutic window and large pharmacokinetic variability make it difficult to individualize
cyclosporin administration. Meanwhile, spironolactone has been reported to affect cyclosporin
metabolism in PRNS patients. This study aims to explore the initial dosage optimization of cyclosporin in
PRNS based on the impact of spironolactone co-administration.

Methods:

Monte Carlo simulation based on a previously established cyclosporin population pharmacokinetic
model for PRNS was used to design cyclosporin dosing regimen.

Results:

In this study, the probability of drug concentration reaching the target and the convenience of times
of administration were considered comprehensively. The optimal administration regimen in PRNS without
spironolactone was 6, 5, 4 and 3 mg/kg cyclosporin split into two doses for the body weight of 5-8, 8-18,
18-46 and 46-70 kg, respectively. The optimal administration regimen in PRNS with spironolactone was 4, 3,
2 mg/kg cyclosporin split into two doses for body weight of 5-14, 14-65, and 65-70 kg, respectively.

Conclusion:

The cyclosporin dosing regimen for PRNS based on Monte Carlo simulation was systematically
developed and the initial dosage optimization of cyclosporin in PRNS was recommended for the first time.
Integrated Bioinformatics and Experimental Validation to Identify a Disulfidptosis-Related lncRNA Model for Prognostic Prediction in Papillary
Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zhu Yidong , Jin Xiaoyi , Liu Jun
Published: April 2024

Aims:

This study aimed to construct a prognostic model for papillary renal cell carcinoma
(pRCC) utilizing disulfidptosis-associated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Additionally,
it investigated the potential of these lncRNAs in predicting immune responses and drug sensitivity
in pRCC.

Background:

LncRNAs have been implicated in the progression and prognosis of pRCC. Recently,
disulfidptosis, an emerging form of regulated cell death, has shown potential as a therapeutic
approach for cancer. However, the potential association between disulfidptosis-related
lncRNAs and pRCC remains unclear.

Methods:

We analyzed transcriptome profiling and clinical data of pRCC patients from The Cancer
Genome Atlas database. Using Pearson correlation analysis, we identified lncRNAs associated with
disulfidptosis. Based on the disulfidptosis-related lncRNAs that were correlated with overall survival
(OS), we constructed a novel prediction model using least absolute shrinkage and selection
operator, univariable Cox regression, and multivariable Cox regression analyses. The model's utility
was assessed through Kaplan–Meier survival, receiver operating characteristics, and principal
component analyses. Moreover, functional analysis helped identify potential prognostic mechanisms,
and the prediction of chemical drugs for pRCC was also performed. Finally, qRT-PCR validated
the expression of prognostic lncRNAs in pRCC cells and patient samples.

Results:

Our prediction model was based on nine disulfidptosis-related lncRNAs. Evaluation
and validation analyses demonstrated that the model had excellent, consistent, and independent
prognostic value for pRCC patients, with area under the curve values of 0.954, 0.910, and 0.830
for 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS, respectively. Through functional analysis, we discovered a significant
correlation between the identified prognostic signature and immunity. Additionally, in terms of
chemotherapy sensitivity, our analysis indicated that the low-risk group exhibited higher sensitivity
to sunitinib and pazopanib. Furthermore, the expression patterns of the identified lncRNAs
were validated in samples obtained from pRCC cells and patients.

Conclusion:

This study successfully established and validated a novel disulfidptosis-related prediction
model. The findings suggest the potential involvement of immune-related pathways in
lncRNA signature-associated survival. This model holds promise for differentiating prognosis
and improving personalized therapeutic strategies for pRCC in clinical practice.
Nutritional Value, Therapeutic Effects, Phytochemistry, and Toxicology of
Lepisanthes fruticosa: A Review
Authors: Siang Lim Joe , Rajak Harish , Ravichandran Veerasamy
Published: April 2024

The multifaceted benefits of Lepisanthes fruticosa position it is not only as a promising
agricultural commodity but also as a versatile resource with implications for health, biodiversity,
and economic growth. Lepisanthes fruticosa has a rich history of traditional use for treating various
ailments such as fever and diarrhea. Beyond its traditional uses, the plant's antioxidant properties
suggest potential applications in combating oxidative stress-related conditions. Its antihyperglycemic
properties indicate promise in managing elevated blood sugar levels, while its antibacterial
and antiviral attributes hint at potential applications in infectious disease control. Furthermore,
the plant's anticancer properties add to its appeal as a valuable resource in the realm of medical research.
The plant also exhibits considerable potential in addressing a range of health concerns, including
non-communicable diseases and infections, antidiarrheal, and antiviral properties. In
essence, Lepisanthes fruticose emerges as more than just an agricultural asset. Its unique combination
of nutritional richness, health benefits, and economic viability underscores its potential to become
a valuable asset both locally and on the global stage. In this current review, we are discussed
about the ethnopharmacology, nutritional value, therapeutic effects, phytochemistry, and toxicology
of Lepisanthes fruticose.
Feasting on the Future: Unveiling Edible Insects as a Sustainable Food with Enriched Health Benefits
Authors: Kumar Akash , Goyal Nandani , Pramanik Jhilam , Joia Swati , Singh Sudarshan , Prajapati Bhupendra G.
Published: April 2024

Animal- and plant-based foods are considered staple foods worldwide. As the population
increases, new alternative foods with higher nutritional value and sustainable nature are needed.
Moreover, the current food system drastically impacts the environment and may result in unsustainability.
The livestock sector significantly contributes to greenhouse gas emissions and is a
major user of land and water resources. Additionally, excessive animal farming adversely affects
the environment, accelerating climate change. To solve these problems, alternative and eco-friendly
food resources that offer proper nutritional and health benefits are needed. Although edible insects
have been used through several civilizations, they have emerged as an exciting and promising
approach. Edible insects can transform various organic products into high-quality proteins
with essential amino acids, including agricultural and food waste products. Edible insects are nutritionally
rich and contain healthy fatty acids such as lauric acid, oleic acid, and omega 3 and 6. In
addition, edible insect production requires much less resources, such as water and land, and emits
significantly less greenhouse gases, thus contributing to sustainable food production. This review
provides a comprehensive understanding of the nutritional profile, sustainability aspects, and
health benefits of edible insects.
Imaging Findings of Calcifying Nested Stromal-Epithelial Tumour of the Liver:
A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Cai Ermin , Zheng Yiheng , Wang Mingliang , Zeng Mengsu
Published: April 2024

Background::

A calcifying nested stromal-epithelial tumour (CNSET) is an erratic primary liver malignant tumour frequently discovered in young girls and
females. Neither its pathogenesis nor its nosogenesis is clearly known. While principally indolent, infrequent tumours with aggressive clinical
progression have been defined. This paper describes a CNSET case with rare clinical and imaging features.

Case Presentation::

A 17-year-old girl initially presented with enlarged lymph nodes near the main portal vein of the liver and a large liver tumour. Lesions were
identified on the imaging findings obtained via positron emission tomography–computed tomography (CT) scanning, including an abnormal
increase of heterogeneous glucose metabolism in the intrahepatic mass, with a maximum standardised uptake value of around 3.2. The CT imaging
showed multiple dense shadows in the lesion, while the magnetic resonance imaging indicated a long T1 and a slightly longer T2.

Conclusions::

This study summarises the imaging features of CNSETs to provide a reference for diagnosing liver tumours. In addition, the literature on the topics
covered was systematically reviewed.
A Video-based Automated Tracking and Analysis System of Plaque Burden in
Carotid Artery using Deep Learning: A Comparison with Senior Sonographers
Authors: Gao Wenjing , Liu Mengmeng , Xu Jinfeng , Hong Shaofu , Chen Jiayi , Cui Chen , Shi Siyuan , Dong Yinghui , Song Di , Dong Fajin
Published: April 2024

Background and Objective:

The incidence of stroke is rising, and it is the second major cause of mortality and the third leading cause of disability around the globe. The goal
of this study was to rapidly and accurately identify carotid plaques and automatically quantify plaque burden using our automated tracking and
segmentation US-video system.

Methods:

We collected 88 common carotid artery transection videos (11048 frames) with a history of atherosclerosis or risk factors for atherosclerosis,
which were randomly divided into training, test, and validation sets using a 6:3:1 ratio. We first trained different segmentation models to segment
the carotid intima and adventitia, and calculate the maximum plaque burden automatically. Finally, we statistically analyzed the plaque burden
calculated automatically by the best model and the results of manual labeling by senior sonographers.

Results:

Of the three Artificial Intelligence (AI) models, the Robust Video Matting (RVM) segmentation model's carotid intima and adventitia Dice
Coefficients (DC) were the highest, reaching 0.93 and 0.95, respectively. Moreover, the RVM model has shown the strongest correlation
coefficient (0.61±0.28) with senior sonographers, and the diagnostic effectiveness between the RVM model and experts was comparable with
paired-t test and Bland-Altman analysis [P= 0.632 and ICC 0.01 (95% CI: -0.24~0.27), respectively].

Conclusion:

Our findings have indicated that the RVM model can be used in ultrasound carotid video. The RVM model can automatically segment and quantify
atherosclerotic plaque burden at the same diagnostic level as senior sonographers. The application of AI to carotid videos offers more precise and
effective methods to evaluate carotid atherosclerosis in clinical practice.
GCMS Analysis of Bioactive Compounds and Evaluation of Anti-parkinson Activity of Leaf Extract of Curculigo orchioides in Experimental Animals
Authors: D’Souza Ullas Prakash , Kodangala Subraya Chandrashekar , Rao Shruthi , Pai Vasudev
Published: April 2024

Background:

Curculigo orchioides Gaertn, a plant belonging to the Hypoxidaceae
family, is well-known for its traditional uses of all plant parts. This plant is commonly known
as golden eye grass, black musli, Kali musli, or Kali Musali. Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that is commonly observed in older adults. It is caused by a variety of mechanisms, including neuroinflammation, which results in the loss of dopamine release when triggered
and causes motor symptoms.

Methods:

Ethanolic extract was prepared by shade-drying the leaves, making them into a coarse
powder, and the extract was prepared by maceration technique with the help of ethanol. GCMS
analysis and Haloperidol-induced Parkinsonism study were carried out to evaluate the antiParkinson activity in albino Wistar rats. Ethanolic extract of Curculigo orchioides was subjected
to GCMS analysis. The National Institute of Standards and Technology database was used to interpret the mass spectrum of the GC-MS. The screening models were catalepsy, rotarod and a few
in vitro models, namely the estimation of catalase acetylcholinesterase levels. The animals were
divided into 6 groups, namely control, disease, standard (levodopa), low dose (100 mg/kg p.o.),
medium dose (200 mg/kg p.o.), high dose (400 mg/kg p.o.) groups having 6 animals each were
used for rotarod and catalepsy models for 14 days

Results:

The results obtained showed a dose-dependent increase in the anti-Parkinson activity.
The evaluation of neuromuscular movements of the ethanolic leaf extract of Curculigo orchioides
showed that the pre-treatment with different ranges of dose (100 mg/ml, 200 mg/kg, and 400
mg/kg) suggested a dose-dependent significant increase in fall-off time when compared with both
standard and disease groups GCMS analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, Vitamin and
fatty acid esters.

Conclusion:

The anti-Parkinson activity of Flavonoids has been reported previously. Hence, the
activity may be attributed to kaempferol-3-O-glucuronide.
Optimization of Lead-Free Cs2TiBr6 Green Perovskite Solar Cell for Future Renewable Energy Applications
Authors: Jeepa K.J. , Subash T.D. , Wilson K.S.J. , Ajayan J. , Batumalay M.
Published: April 2024

Introduction:

A modern genre of solar technology is Perovskite solar cells (PSCs),
which are growing rapidly because they work well. The composition of links within the hole
transport materials, electron transport materials and the footprint on PSCs is perovskite

Methods:

The traditional genre of lead halide perovskite can be swapped with a new perovskite compound
called Cs2TiBr6. Cs2TiBr6 has better properties when it comes to light, electricity, and solar energy. When comparing the performance of various electron transport films (ETFs) for the
effective operation of perovskite, TiO2 is recognized as an ETF as it has higher thermal stability,
low-cost, and appropriate energy level

Results:

The most productive hole transport film (HTF)
for these perovskite solar cells, compared to other HTFs, has been demonstrated as V2O5.

Conclusion:

The various solar cell characteristics of the proposed device, the
"Au/V2O5/Cs2TiBr6/TiO2/TCO" perovskite solar cell, are investigated in this examination by
tuning the parameters such as temperature, series resistance, defect density, etc.
Recombinant ACE2 - Opportunities and Challenges in COVID-19 Treatment
Authors: Kaur Mandeep , Sandhu Rahul , Aggarwal Akriti
Published: April 2024

:

It was in 2019 that the world experienced the devastation caused by SARS-COV-2, contributing to a large number of deaths. This contagious virus not only challenged the health care system but has also hit the economy very badly. There has been a lot of research on effective vaccine development, and there has been some success in the same, but no effective antiviral drugs are available in the market. No doubt vaccination can prevent the disease, but it doesn’t have the potential to cure an infected person, for which there is a dire need to develop some effective drug. Angiotensin convertase enzyme 2 (ACE2) played a substantial role in SARS-COV2 pathogenesis and thus has gained much attention during the pandemic. Moreover, it has opened up new avenues for the cure of COVID-19.
The Association between Periodontal Status and Frailty in Elderly Individuals
Authors: Wibianty Vilia , Tadjoedin Fatimah Maria , Lessang Robert , Rizal Muhammad Ihsan , Sulijaya Benso ,   Natalina , Widaryono Adityo
Published: April 2024

Background

The number of older people in Indonesia is projected to continue rising. Periodontal disease and frailty are frequent among the elderly. Both are recognized to share some existing risk factors.

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the association between periodontal status and frailty in elderly individuals.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional study of people aged 60 and older. Periodontal status assessed was plaque score, bleeding on probing (BOP) score, calculus index, number of teeth, and stage of periodontitis. The FRAIL scale, comprised of Fatigue, Resistance, Ambulation, Illness, and Loss of weight, was used to evaluate the frailty state.

Results

There were 60 subjects in total, with 46.6% having frailty. There was a significant correlation between periodontal status and frailty in older people (p<0.05). There were significant differences in plaque scores between frail and normal subject groups (p=0.000), in the BOP between the frail and normal subject groups (p=0.003) and the pre-frail and frail subject groups (p=0.003), and in the number of teeth between the subject groups, frail to normal (p=0.011) and pre-frail subjects to frail (p=0.023).

Conclusion

The findings of this study suggest a link between periodontal status and frailty in the elderly; however, longitudinal research is needed to confirm this.
Molecular dynamics simulation for determining dislocation strengthening coefficient in BCC iron
Authors: MIYAZAWA Naoki
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Crystal plasticity models are promising numerical analysis methods for predicting and evaluating material forming processes. In crystal plasticity analyses, the dislocation density model, often based on the Bailey-Hirsch equation, is employed to represent the work hardening behavior of metallic materials. The dislocation strengthening coefficient is a proportional factor between the square root of dislocation density with the slip resistance. Therefore, the appropariate determination of the dislocation strengthening coefficient is crucial to perform reliable material forming analyses using crystal plasticity models. Previously, dislocation strengthening coefficients have been determined using dislocation dynamics simulations. However, dislocation dynamics simulations cannot accurately account for elastic anisotropy due to its computational cost. To address this limitation, we conducted molecular dynamics simulations to determine dislocation strengthening coefficient in bcc iron. Molecular dynamics simulations of dislocation-dislocation interaction analysis can be expected to determine the dislocation strengthening coefficient accurately, including the effects of elastic anisotropy of metallic materials.
Crystal plasticity-based forming limit analysis for two types of 5052 aluminum alloy sheets with different heat treatment conditions
Authors: SATO Sho
Published: April 2024

Abstract. 5000 series aluminum (Al) alloy sheets are increasingly applied to press forming products, such as components used in railroad vehicles and some automobiles, due to their advantages of high specific strength and good corrosion resistance. However, in press forming processes, forming defects, such as failure and wrinkles, often appear. Therefore, it is essential to understand the formability of sheet materials under various stress states and to design appropriate processes to prevent forming-defects occurrence. To evaluate occurrence of failure under various strain states, a Forming Limit Diagram (FLD) is widely used. Although the effects of texture and work-hardening behavior of materials on FLD have been widely studied, their experimental validations are not sufficient. In this study, A5052-O and -H32 Al alloy sheets, which have similar texture and show different work-hardening behavior, are used to investigate the effect of work hardening on the FLD. In the FLDs obtained experimentally, the limit strain under plane-strain tension was larger in the A5052-O sheet with larger work hardening than that of the A5052-H32 sheet with smaller work hardening, whereas that under equibiaxial tension was similar in the two sheets. These trends were reproduced qualitatively well by crystal-plasticity forming limit analyses. The mechanism that yielded these trends were discussed using the simulation results.
Development of the cross-section moment in air-bending
Authors: POKKA A-.P.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The engineering potential of air-bending as a sheet-metal forming process has been limited by certain challenges related to high-strength steels, strain localization, surface defects, “multi-breakage” and bend shape. The phenomena related to these challenges are not yet fully understood, as the conventional test methods have not provided sufficient data for in-depth analysis of the material behavior in air-bending. In this study, nine thermomechanically rolled steel grades are bent in an air-bending test setup using three different punch radii, and Digital Image Correlation for strain measurement on the outer surface. The development of the cross-section moment is measured from the force-displacement curve. A connection is found between the developments of the cross-section moment, strain distribution and multi-breakage, as well as the strain-hardening properties of the material. The presented results illustrate the potential for predicting bending behavior based on the force-displacement curve, that could be achieved with better understanding of the physics related to the air-bending process.
Investigation on diametral compression of an aluminium alloy AA5005 using EBSD and microhardness measurements
Authors: FRANCILLETTE Henri
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The study of the link between the mechanical behaviour of metallic materials and the inspection of their microstructure is a particularly important subject of investigation. The plastic deformation of a commercial aluminium alloy AA5005 is analyzed in this work using mainly diametral compression tests and different experimental techniques of observation and characterization. Uniaxial compression tests and microhardness measurements have also been carried out in the study. For the characterization of the specimens, Electron Back Scattering Diffraction (EBSD) has been used in order to ascertain the state of the microstructure of the material at different stages. Characterizations are performed with EBSD notably for the received state and after diametral compression followed by heat treatments at 400 °C.
The plane strain compression test, an alternative to large strain hardening characterization
Authors: NEAG Adriana
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Large strain characterization of sheet metals has become increasingly important with the generalization of advanced high strength steels, for which the tensile test provides data over a very reduced strain range. Among the numerous alternative characterization tests, the plane strain compression test (PSCT) requires a small amount of material and classical testing machine and acquisition. PSCT was mainly used for hot forming characterization, but recently it has been proved sufficiently accurate for application in cold metal forming. The aim of this work is to provide an in-depth validation of the PSCT by means of the finite element method. When converting the PSCT force-displacement curve into a stress-strain curve (flow curve), several analytical corrections are applied. The FE simulation of the test was used in order to validate these correction terms and their hypotheses. The originality of the approach is the design of a sequence of test configurations which allow for the individual validation of each and every one of the correction terms concerning the effect of: yield surface; friction; variation of sample width; variation of contact zone length; edge effects. The FE simulations showed that the analytical exploitation of the PSCT provides a very good accuracy. They help identifying the most suitable correction to consider the effects of yield surface shape, friction, edge effects. The traditional correction of the sample width as well as the more recent correction of the effective tool width were validated. The results show that the PSCT provides accurate flow curves and designate the best analytical expressions to be used.
The effect of friction compensation on the slope of flow curves obtained by stack compression tests
Authors: KÖLÜS Martin L.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Knowing the large strain flow curve is essential for many simulation processes in the sheet metal forming technology. A prominent example is the clinching, when the strains are one magnitude higher than in tension, but a simple deep-drawing process could also lead to appropriately large strains. To obtain the flow stress - plastic strain curves beyond the range of tension, several processes are known. In the most multi-axial cases, a conversion factor based on the work equivalence is usually applied on the measurement results to obtain the equivalent quantities. However, at compressive experiments, the friction and the geometrical issues may distort the curve shape even further, hiding the real material behavior. In this study we investigate the effect of the friction determination method and the value of the friction coefficient on the curve shape. Pressure dependent and constant friction coefficients were inversely specified by disk compression tests and related finite element modeling. In possession of the friction values, the conversions of the physically measured compressive stress to equivalent flow stress during disk and stack compression tests with different height-diameter ratios are discussed here.
Analysis of wear behavior of powder metallurgy tools in shear cutting of electrical steels
Authors: KUMAR SUNDARAJAN Praveen
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The shear-cutting process of electrical steels for electrical engines' rotors and stators influences the properties of the shear-cut edges. The properties such as geometry and mechanical and electromagnetic properties of shear-cut edges depend on the wear behavior of the tools. This study examines tool wear in three powder (PM1, PM8, PM10) metallurgical tool steels during shear cutting of electrical steel. PM1 is intended for high-performance applications owing to its unique mixture of boride and carbide precipitates. PM8 is a high alloyed Cr-Mo-V tool steel tailored for abrasive wear applications with a certain amount of ductility, and PM10 is a nitrogen alloyed tool steel specifically designed for applications where adhesive wear resistance is required. Tool wear and shear-cut edge properties were analyzed at four different intervals of punch strokes for 8% and 16% cutting clearances. The experimental study found that the 8% clearance caused excessive chipping in punch corners for all three materials, mainly PM10, which chipped in all corners at the end of 108,000 strokes. In contrast, PM1 demonstrated better chipping resistance, particularly at 16% clearances. Furthermore, PM1 showed superior resistance to edge wear for various punch strokes and clearances.
Study on the influence of process parameters on the damage appearance during the push bench elongator process of super Cr13 tubes
Authors: GARCÍA GIL E.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. In this paper the hot forming of Super Cr 13 seamless tubes during push bench elongator process is analyzed by means of laboratory experimental study and Finite Element simulation. The objective is to understand the effect of the industrial process parameters on the tube quality and the risk of damage appearance. The results of a hot tensile test campaign have been used to characterize rheological behavior of the material under the hot working conditions, and for determining the critical constants for several damage laws: Latham & Cockcroft. Finally, a Finite Element Model, FEM, of the Push Bench Elongator process have been implemented and the effect of rollers geometry and friction coefficient on tube quality and damage appearance have been addressed.