bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF INTERFERONOGENIC PREPARATIONLARIFAN ON MONOCYTES FROM AGED C57BL/6 AND BALB/C MICE IN VITRO
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, DOVHYI Roman , RUDYK Mariia ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, DVUKHRIADKINA Anastasiia ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, OSTROVSKA Karina ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, PJANOVA Dace ,   Rīga Stradiņš University, Riga, Latvia
Published: February 2025

Background. Blood monocytes play a crucial role in immunity as effector cells of innate immunity. However, they can also promote hyperinflammation, as was described in COVID-19. Many viral infections trigger hyperinflammation by inhibiting type I interferon synthesis, necessitating search of interferon-based or interferonogenic treatments like Larifan – bacteriophagederived dsRNA with interferonogenic and immunomodulatory properties. Global statistics indicate that viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2, as well as hyperinflammation occur more frequently in males, especially in the older age group, and significantly depends on genetically determined profile of immune reactivity. The aim of this study was a comparative assessment of the impact of Larifan on the metabolic profile of peripheral blood monocytes from aged male C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice in vitro.

Methods. Male aged C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice were used in this study. Blood samples were collected from facial vein and treated with Larifan in vitro. Phagocytic activity, ROS production, and expression of phenotypic markers were assessed by flow cytometry. Only live monocytes were gated and included in the analysis. Data are presented as median and interquartile range (IQR). Statistical differences were calculated using Kruskal–Wallis test, with significance set at p < 0.05.

Results. BALB/c mice showed a lower baseline phagocytic index than C57Bl/6, but phagocytosis percentages were comparable. Treatment with Larifan reduced the phagocytosis percentage in both strains, yet the phagocytic index rose in BALB/c mice after dsRNA exposure. ROS production was higher in C57Bl/6 mice, with Larifan reducing ROS levels significantly in both strains. CD80 baseline expression levels were higher in BALB/c, and dsRNA increased CD80-positive cells as well as decreased expression level of CD80 in BALB/c mice only. CD206 expression was lower in BALB/c but unaffected by Larifan, while dsRNA reduced both number of CD206-positive cells and CD206 levels in C57Bl/6 mice.

Conclusions. The metabolic profile of monocytes differs between Th1-dominant C57Bl/6 and Th2-biased BALB/c mice, with higher baseline indicators in C57Bl/6 mice. Larifan treatment exerts anti-inflammatory effects by reducing ROS synthesis in both strains, with BALB/c mice also displaying increased phagocytosis and reduced antigen-presenting capability
Interés Público en la Contaduría Pública: Un Análisis Hermenéutico y Conceptual
Authors: Alonso Gómez Hernán Alejandro , Riveros S. Luz Alejandra
Published: February 2025

A qualitative interpretive hermeneutic analysis is conducted on the concept of public interest for the Certified Public Accountant in the Colombian context; this work is positioned as a study where the subject serves as a source for the development of regulation and professional practice. To achieve the proposed objective, a prior review of literature published in indexed journals and documents issued by international organizations was conducted. An analysis related to the studied concept was established, from which expert opinions were gathered through conversational interviews, and finally, an interpretation of public interest was developed based on the results obtained.
This approach allowed for identifying various professional disagreements and some consensuses around the addressed topic, ultimately contributing to the conceptual clarity necessary to transform the prevailing understanding within the mindset of Certified Public Accountants in Colombia.
Equilibrio entre legislación tributaria y derechos fundamentales: rol del estado colombiano en la prevención de daños antijurídicos
Authors: Cabrera Ruby Stella , Escobar Estrada Juan Gonzalo , Campo Balvin Wilmar Alfredo , Ortiz Sanchez Luz Mery
Published: February 2025

This reflection analyzes the role of the Constitutional Court as a guarantor of fundamental principles and rights in supervising the legislative process related to taxation, especially in the context of the crisis caused by COVID-19, in light of the potential configuration of unlawful damage. The research employs a methodology based on an exhaustive review of specialized literature and the analysis of relevant legal documents. Recognized academic databases were examined, applying time filters between 2010 and 2021, prioritizing research articles and books. Additionally, rulings from the Constitutional Court and the Council of State were analyzed using hermeneutic techniques to interpret concepts and positions.
The study highlights the role of the Constitutional Court in legislative oversight of taxation and examines significant jurisprudential cases. It analyzes the responsibility of the legislator in creating tax norms, emphasizing the importance of transparency, coherence, and collaboration among state Powers to ensure an equitable and efficient system. The research points out that, although tax laws aim to serve the Social State of Law, they can sometimes cause real or potential harm, affecting equality and rationality. Consequently, the State assumes greater responsibility in such situations, making judicial oversight essential to protect taxpayers from arbitrary legislation. The article concludes by underscoring the need to maintain an appropriate balance between the discretion of Congress and compliance with constitutional principles. This balance is crucial for addressing economic and social challenges, promoting sustainable development, and ensuring the well-being of the Colombian population.
Asociatividad y marketing: factores clave para la competitividad empresarial - estudio de caso Colombia
Authors: Inés-Gómez-Caicedo Melva , Alarcón Villamil Nelson Orlando , Gaitán-Angulo Mercedes , Pérez Pertuz Johemir , Ramírez-Pisco Rodrigo
Published: February 2025

This study presents the results of an evaluation conducted on companies operating in the tourism sector, analyzed in the context of the impact caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. The objective of this research is to establish the relationship between policies and management practices related to the associative processes of different business units. The study employs the MIGSA tool, which helps to identify, among other factors, how variables such as associativity and marketing are interrelated. The findings reveal a heterogeneous behavior among companies, particularly in their interest in developing new practices to promote business growth. This highlights the ongoing need for continuous learning and the generation of activities related to research, innovation, and development
Evaluating The Effectiveness of Indonesia-Iom Cooperation in The Governance of Human Trafficking and Illegal Labor Migration
Authors: Aqnisyah Devara Izzatun , Azmawati Dian
Published: February 2025

Human trafficking and illegal labor migration are forms of modern slavery that have been an International issue that indeed violates activity of human rights, and inflicts threat to national and human security. The rapid development of its issue needs international cooperation which conducted by international organizations and involved countries, such as Indonesia-IOM (International Organization for Migration). Indonesia is a country that receives, sends, and transits country of human trafficking activities, whereas IOM is an international organization that has the authority to assist the issue by cooperations. The cooperation is taken to reduce the number of cases and also handle human trafficking and illegal labor migration. Indonesia-IOM cooperation has generated efforts categorized as; (1) identify and enforce the law; (2) regulate immigration and providing assistance; (3) prevention in the form of training/socialization. The result of this cooperation has impacted Indonesia's placement in tier 2 as a country that attempts to handle human trafficking and illegal labor migration although it is not yet in accordance with the standards of handling Trafficking in Persons
Transparency and Government Reputation: An Experiment on Signaling
Authors: Otálvaro-Ramírez Susana , Scartascini Carlos , Streb Jorge M.
Published: February 2025

Transparency initiatives are well-known tools to foster trust and empower citizens. To explain why some governments introduce them but others do not, we model these initiatives as a signal that complements the information provided by visible government performance and conduct a randomized survey experiment in the City of Buenos Aires, Argentina, where the incumbent mayor made a set of post-electoral promises. In a setting with relatively high trust priors, our results show that these initiatives matter in shaping citizens' perceptions of the reputation of the government. We find, however, strong heterogeneity among three groups of citizens. A group unfamiliar with the policy was impervious to treatment: they seem to react to deeds, not words, and have, on average, lower initial trust. The treatment effects are entirely through those vaguely familiar with the promises, closing the average gap in trust with those familiar with the promises. More generally, our study suggests that transparency initiatives may be an effective signal, though their informational value may be more limited than visible public performance.
O lugar do humor surdo na tradução de piadas da Libras para o português
Authors: Mesquita Bruna Gomes , Araújo Paulo Jeferson Pilar
Published: February 2025

O presente trabalho trata do humor surdo e sua manutenção em piadas em Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras) traduzidas para a língua portuguesa. Foram selecionadas três piadas disponíveis na Internet e legendadas em português. Em seguida foram traduzidas para o português e apresentadas as versões em Libras e português, para ouvintes com diferentes níveis de conhecimento da Libras e pouco ou nenhum contato com comunidades surdas brasileiras. Foram abordados ainda os conceitos de cultura e humor surdo entre línguas de diferentes modalidades (a língua portuguesa como língua oral-auditiva e a Libras como língua visuoespacial). Analisamos as piadas “Prótese de Libras”, “Hotel na montanha” e “King Kong surdo” nas quais a cultura surda e elementos linguísticos da Libras se fazem presentes. O questionamento que nos guiou foi o que causaria estranhamento em ouvintes ao ler piadas surdas traduzidas no português escrito? Verificamos que as piadas apresentam aspectos da cultura surda que em alguns momentos precisam ser adaptados para fazer algum sentido numa tradução para o português.
Field Evaluation of Few Novel Fungicides against Potato Late Blight Disease
Authors: Nath Hiranya Kr. Deva , Sarika Pamballa , Saikia M.K.
Published: February 2025

Background: Potato late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans (Monts.) de Bary is the most important disease in all the major potato growing areas in the world including India. The disease results total failure of the crop if proper management practices is not followed. Methods: A filed experiment with randomized block design was performed at Instructional cum Research Farm, Assam Agricultural University (AAU), Jorhat, Assam during rabi season 2021-2022 to evaluate the comparative efficacy of different fungicides viz., propamocarb, dimethomorph and azoxystrobin under different spray schedules. Result: The study revealed that all of the fungicides were successful in controlling the late blight disease when sprayed 6 times at 8 days interval. Six sprays with propamocarb @ 0.1% at 8 days interval was significantly superior in reducing disease incidence and severity (71.21% and 65.32%, respectively) and enhanced tuber yield up to 85.82 per cent, compared to control. The treatment recorded lowest tuber infection (10.91%) and highest tuber yield (131.10 q/ha) with a maximum benefit cost ratio of 1.72:1.
Análise hermenêutica do Edital Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida – Entidades no centro histórico de São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: Fantazia Ariele de Fátima , Fernandéz Baca Salcedo Rosio , Brizotti Pasquotto Geise
Published: February 2025

A questão habitacional é de suma importância quando se trata da qualidade de vida e da preservação de centros históricos urbanos. Além do direito à moradia, é imperativo garantir o direito à cidade. Como uma resposta ao déficit habitacional brasileiro, o governo federal implementou, em 2009, o Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida (PMCMV). Neste contexto, este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar o Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida – Entidades (PMCMV-E) no centro histórico de São Paulo, segundo as relações dialógicas entre Texto e Contexto desenvolvidas por Josep Muntañola. A metodologia foi estruturada em três etapas: i) análise do Contexto (Centro Histórico de São Paulo); ii) análise do Texto (PMCMV- E) baseada nos parâmetros desenvolvidos pela Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) e iii) mapa de sinergias a partir do método de Urbanismo Ambiental Hermenêutico de Marcelo Zárate. Os resultados revelaram o Centro Histórico de São Paulo como adequado para a implementação de programas habitacionais, enquanto o Edital do PMCMV-E exibe a falta de diretrizes que tornem o programa isoladamente adequado. Os parâmetros de adequação cultural e segurança de posse não foram atendidos; o de habitabilidade foi atendido parcialmente; e os parâmetros de acessibilidade, economicidade, disponibilidade de serviços, materiais, instalações e infraestrutura e localização foram atendidos.
habitação como questão entre 1920 e 1965
Authors: Ferrari Camila
Published: February 2025

Na primeira metade do século XX se verifica a ampliação do intercâmbio de ideias entre arquitetos e urbanistas através de encontros profissionais e circulação de publicações, onde a questão da habitação ocupa lugar de destaque. Em diversos países da América Latina no mesmo período é possível reconhecer semelhanças no enfrentamento da questão da habitação, destacando-se sua compreensão como questão estatal e seu aspecto formal, como conjunto habitacional. Filiando-se metodologicamente à história transnacional pela compreensão da questão da habitação como problema ampliado a uma vasta região, a partir da análise de atas de congressos e periódicos do período, se discute a circulação de ideias em torno do tema como aporte a processos de institucionalização da produção habitacional em países latinoamericanos, tendo como casos Brasil e Argentina.
Pengukuran Keterampilan Komunikasi Siswa Setelah Pandemi Covid 19 [Measuring Students' Communication Skills After the Covid-19 Pandemic]
Authors: Krisdianto Patricius Dwi , Widjaya Wahyu , Christianingsih Ni Putu Hindriani , Rizki Raindriati
Published: February 2025

Communication skills are essential for everyone, including students. The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the education sector, with learning heavily relying on students' ability to use information technology. During this period, communication and interaction depended on the quality of the hardware used and the stability of internet connections. Due to unprecedented restrictions, these limitations affected students' communication skills, both written and verbal. There have been assumptions and speculations from teachers and parents that students' communication skills have declined after the pandemic. This study aims to understand how well students have developed their communication skills post-pandemic. Research employs a quantitative research method. Data was collected by distributing open-ended questionnaires to 6th-grade students at XYZ Elementary School. A total of 45 students participated in the study. The results of this study indicate that the average communication skills of the students at XYZ Elementary School in Tangerang after the pandemic are considered adequate. Therefore, teachers need to focus on improving students' communication skills to enhance them further.
A Theory of Gravity Based on Dimensional Perturbations of Objects in Flat Spacetime
Authors: Northcutt William
Published: February 2025

A covariant classical theory of gravity is given assuming absolute flat spacetime and the strong equivalence principle (SEP). It is shown that adherence to these postulates requires that the gravitational field “dimensionally perturb” all physical objects at a location universally. Such perturbations are referred to as “gravity shifts,” and it is found that all gravitational phenomena may be given in terms of them. Two classes of observers emerge in “gravity shift theory”—“natural observers” using gravity shifted instruments as is, applicable for all presently available observations, and “absolute observers” that correct for the gravity shifting applied to instruments. Absolute observers accurately measure quantities, including the absolute spacetime metric as it actually is. Natural observers do not accurately measure quantities, but their system of measurement is observationally consistent, yielding a curved “natural metric” to characterize spacetime. When a local gravitational system is surrounded by a “background system” with negligible curvature effects, its gravity shifting induces a diffeomorphism applied to the local system, yielding satisfaction of the SEP for natural observers. Gravity shift theory is the only existing theory other than general relativity that fully satisfies the SEP, which is required for successful predictions of observations. Using the naturally observed inertial form of physical law in free-fall frames, covariant formulation in all coordinates establishes the natural metric as the universally coupled “gravitational metric” in physical law. The unique field equation determining gravity shifts, and therefore the natural metric, is developed. The resultant bimetric theory is parameterless, complete, and self-consistent. The field equation yields the observed post-Newtonian natural metric and linearizes to the predictive linearized Einstein equation, which, along with SEP satisfaction, results in successful prediction of a wide variety of observed gravitational phenomena. A supplement is provided that extends the range of predictions to include low post-Newtonian order radiation cases, and also the strong-field cases consisting of the properties of black and neutron stars plus any nearby matter and light, where in all cases, the predictions are shown to be consistent with observations.
Education for the Future: Religion, Technology and Sustainability
Authors: Manta Otilia
Published: February 2025

In the contemporary context, education finds itself at the intersection of fundamental transformations driven by technological advancements and the imperatives of sustainability. This paper explores how the values of modern education can integrate religious diversity, addressing the challenges and opportunities of the digital era and the transition towards a green economy.This research examines three main axes: the integration of religion in modern education, investigating how religious pluralism can be promoted within an educational framework that values cultural and spiritual diversity, thereby contributing to the formation of tolerant and empathetic global citizens; the impact of technology on education and religion, through analyses of how digital technology influences the educational process and religious practices, discussing the opportunities and risks posed by new technologies. Additionally, we explore how technology can facilitate interreligious dialogue and collaborative learning; and education for sustainability, addressing the importance of education for sustainable development, emphasizing the role of religious values in promoting responsible ecological behaviour. We study examples of best practices in ecological and sustainable education, highlighting the contributions of various religious traditions to environmental protection.Through this multidisciplinary approach, the paper aims to provide a holistic view of how education for the future can be configured to address both individual and societal needs in a world marked by rapid technological changes and urgent environmental issues. Finally, educational strategies are proposed to harmoniously integrate religion, technology, and sustainability, thereby preparing future generations for the complex challenges of the 21st century.
A Tree Nut and Extra Virgin Olive Oil Intervention to Improve Cardiometabolic Health – A Feasibility Study Incorporating Epigenetic Aging
Authors: Reynolds Lindsay M , Howard Timothy D , Langefeld Carl D , Vitolins Mara Z
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives: Dietary interventions involving tree nut and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) supplementation can improve cardiometabolic health. However, the effects of tree nut and EVOO consumption on aging biology is unknown. We carried out an exploratory tree nut and EVOO supplementation intervention in adults with metabolic syndrome (MetS) to generate preliminary data on a measure of biological aging – epigenetic aging – and qualitatively explored participants’ interest in knowing their epigenetic aging measures. Methods: This four-week intervention involved consuming one ounce of tree nuts and two tablespoons of EVOO daily. Half of the intervention participants were randomly selected to be informed of the concept of epigenetic aging before the intervention, and exit surveys were conducted assessing participant experiences and interest in learning about their epigenetic age. Epigenetic aging was measured in all participants at baseline and after the 4-week intervention (DunedinPACE and GrimAge). Results: 32 participants 48 – 81 years of age (mean age: 68 ± 9 years) with MetS participated in the 4-week intervention. At baseline, participants had significantly advanced epigenetic aging measured by the DunedinPACE biomarker but not the GrimAge biomarker, with 100% of participants having DunedinPACE>1 (Wilcoxon test, p=3.73E-9), and 38% of participants having AgeAccelGrim>0 (Wilcoxon test, p=0.48). Participants reported it was ‘not difficult at all’ to consume 1 oz. of tree nuts every day (average adherence 98.6%), and that it was between ‘not difficult at all’ and ‘moderately difficult’ to consume two tablespoons of EVOO daily (average adherence 96.4%). 84% of participants reported they thought they could participate in a similar 3-4 year study. There was not a significant (p<0.05) change in epigenetic aging measures from baseline to after the 4-week intervention (DunedinPACE mean change = -0.002 ± 0.070, AgeAccelGrim mean change = -0.04 ± 1.34). The majority (77%) of participants educated about epigenetic aging reported they very much wanted to know their epigenetic age (77%), and that they would be somewhat likely (29%) or very likely (57%) to eat tree nuts and EVOO daily if it slowed biological aging. Conclusions: This study further substantiates advanced epigenetic aging in individuals with MetS. This pilot study also supports the feasibility of conducting a long-term intervention involving tree nut and EVOO supplementation to improve cardiometabolic health, demonstrates participant interest in learning about biological age, and supports the potential for biological aging measures to motivate behavior change.
The Importance of Human Rights Education in Developing Democratic Citizens
Authors: Albulescu Ion , Simut Ciprian
Published: February 2025

The research examines how human rights education fosters democratic citizenship by raising awareness of rights and responsibilities, through the promoting of democratic values, and the active participation of citizens in the democratic processes. Through a theoretical framework, the essay explores how human rights education develops citizens equipped to support human rights and democratic principles. It is considered that the key elements of human rights education are inclusive curricula and participatory teaching. Several challenges to human rights education are presented, such as political resistance, cultural traditions, and limited resources. The essay proposes several solutions to the challenges, such as advocacy, policy reforms, collaboration between governments and specialized NGOs, as well as the use of digital technologies, that would aid in consolidating robust and resilient democratic societies.
Greening the Blue Ocean: Leading Systemic Transformation with Regenerative Intelligence
Authors: Ooi Wei Gee Rachel
Published: February 2025

The Anthropocene, a period defined by ecological crises, social inequities, and rapid technological disruption—demands systemic transformation on an unprecedented scale. Organizations now operate in a VUCAV² environment (volatility, uncertainty, complexity, ambiguity, vulnerability, velocity), where traditional leadership frameworks are no longer sufficient to address the interconnected challenges of our time. Coupled with rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) such as DeepSeek and beyond, has further disrupt the traditional economic paradigms, accelerates systemic challenges that neither Red Ocean (competition-based) nor Blue Ocean (market-creation) strategies can resolve. While AI has revolutionized industries, it has also contributed to workforce displacement, deepened inequalities, and intensified the fragility of old economic models. Iconic tech companies—the “Mighty Seven” of stock markets—symbolize this paradox, soaring to unprecedented valuations while cutting costs and shedding jobs to sustain unsustainable business models. i.e. Apple, Microsoft, Amazon, Google (Alphabet), Meta (formerly Facebook), Tesla, NVIDIAThis disconnect underscores the need for systemic transformation. Recent global forums like COP29 and WEF 2025 emphasized collaboration and investment in regenerative-driven economies as critical imperatives for the digital age. Leadership today must transcend transactional, extractive models and embrace regenerative intelligence—a paradigm that integrates neuroplasticity-driven adaptability, AI-augmented foresight, and systemic intelligence.This paper introduces the Regenerative Systems Framework (RSF) and AHA SHIFT Model as actionable blueprints for leadership transformation. By addressing systemic challenges through cognitive adaptability, ethical governance, and sustainability foresight, regenerative intelligence empowers leaders to “greening blue oceans” for innovation that regenerate ecological and social systems. Findings from mixed-methods research validate the RSF’s impact, including improved adaptability (20–25%), foresight (30–40%), and ESG alignment (50%). Case studies from Microsoft, Patagonia, and Singapore’s Smart Nation Initiative confirm regenerative intelligence’s potential to enhance decision efficiency (60%), sustainability impact (40%), and governance resilience (50%).This paper positions regenerative intelligence as essential for leaders navigating the Anthropocene and the digital age, providing a roadmap for systemic economic renewal, long-term resilience, and planetary stewardship.
Citizens' smartphones unravel earthquake shaking in urban areas
Authors: Finazzi Francesco , Cotton Fabrice , Bossu Rémy
Published: February 2025

Seismic shaking maps (known as ShakeMaps) have become an essential tool for assessing the impact of a recent earthquake or for scenario studies of future earthquakes. However, the spatial resolution of ShakeMaps remains low, particularly in urban areas where spatial variations can have a major impact on damage due to varying population density. The ubiquity of smartphones in these areas offers the opportunity to increase the density of seismic recordings precisely where the potential impact of the earthquake may be greatest. Here, it is shown that vibration data recorded by citizen’s smartphones in the red zone of Campi Flegrei, Italy, allows us to map local amplifications of seismic movements and to produce locally calibrated seismic ground-motions prediction models and high-resolution ShakeMaps of peak ground acceleration. The proposed method merges conventional seismological and crowdsourced smartphone data, integrating the uncertainties and peculiarities of each type of data. The integration of smartphone data enables the mapping of spatial variations in seismic amplification that show values between 2.83 and 0.25 with respect to the average amplification in the red zone. Consequently, about 19.4% of the population and about 24% of the buildings in the red zone are exposed to an amplification higher than 1.5.
Increasing phosphorus limitation with tree age in tropical forests
Authors: Hu Nan , Mao Qinggong , Zheng Liang , Sun Xibin , Hong Yixue , Yang Yi , Chen Jiarong , Chen Hao
Published: February 2025

Aims Phosphorus (P) availability commonly limits the growth of tropical plants, yet how this limitation changes with tree age remains uncertain.Methods Here we investigated the effect of tree age on P limitation in a tropical forest by examining three functional plant groups: fast-growing, slow-growing, and nitrogen (N)-fixing tree species. We measured leaf N and P resorption efficiency (NRE and PRE), and used the ratio of PRE to NRE (PRE:NRE) as an indicator of plant P limitation.Results Our results revealed a significant increase in both PRE and PRE:NRE with tree age across all functional plant groups, indicating a widespread intensification of P limitation as plants mature. Furthermore, such increase in P limitation was more pronounced in slow-growing and N-fixing species compared to fast-growing species.Conclusions These findings underscore the crucial role of tree age in influencing P limitation in tropical forests, a factor that should be incorporated into terrestrial biogeochemical models, which have traditionally overlooked this effect.
A chemical mechanism explaining the observed wintertime HCl in the Antarctic vortex
Authors: Grooß Jens Uwe , Müller Rolf , Crowley John , Hegglin Michaela
Published: February 2025

It is well established that the drastic ozone loss in the Antarctic
stratosphere, commonly known as the ozone hole, is caused by
gas-phase and heterogeneous processes. Chemistry models generally
reproduce observed ozone depletion reasonable well. However, models
have been unable to reproduce observations of rapid HCl depletion at the
beginning of the polar winter. Here we examine the impact of the
heterogeneous reaction between Cl2O2 and HCl to form HOOCl and its
subsequent photolysis on chlorine compounds. A chemical mechanism with
these reactions added is able to clearly better reproduce the observed
temporal development of the chlorine compounds HCl, ClONO2, ClO, and HOCl
in the polar vortex lower stratosphere.
The proposed chemical mechanism does moderately increase the chemical
ozone column depletion, about 10% in the lower stratospheric vortex core
in September. Laboratory measurements of the proposed reactions are needed
to confirm this mechanism.
The change of matching between T1 slope and cervical lordosis after anterior and posterior reconstruction surgeries for patients with multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy: a retrospective study.
Authors: Liu Tao , Zhi Zhongzheng , Pan Weicheng , Zhou Fuchao , Zhang Rongcheng , Kang Jian , He Zhimin , Qiu Shuiqiang
Published: February 2025

Objective
To compare the matching changes between T1 slope (T1S) and cervical lordosis (CL) in patients with multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) after anterior and posterior reconstruction surgeries.
Methods
134 patients with multilevel CSM and a T1S-CLvalue<20° were enrolled from the medical records spanning 2015 to 2020. The anterior group comprised 69 patients who underwent anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF), or discectomy combined corpectomy hybrid technique. The posterior group included 65 patients who received laminoplasty (LAMP), or laminectomy with fusion (LF). This study retrospectively analyzed perioperative parameters including clinical parameters (Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score, visual analogue scale (VAS), neck disability index (NDI) ) and radiologic parameters (T1 slope, cervical lordosis, C2-7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA)). A P-value less than 0.05 was considered the threshold for statistical significance.
Results
The average follow-up time was 28.6 months. Prior to surgery, there were no significant differences in factors between two groups (P﹥0.05). Postoperatively, while the JOA scores were similar between groups (P﹥0.05), the anterior group showed significantly lower in NDI, VAS, perioperative parameters and incidences of complications (P﹤0.001). Significant changes were observed in each group for T1S, CL, C2-7 SVA and T1S-CL (P﹤0.001). Preoperatively, in anterior group, significant correlations were identified between T1S-CL and T1S, CL and C2-7 SVA (P<0.05). In posterior group, significant correlations were observed between T1S-CL and T1S, CL and C2-7 SVA (P<0.05). Following surgery, in anterior group, the correlations persisted between T1S-CL and T1S, CL and C2-7 SVA (P<0.05). In posterior group, the correlations between T1S-CL and T1S, and CL were not significant(P>0.05), while the correlation between T1S-CL and C2-7 SVA was significant(P<0.001). The comparative analysis of parameter changes between anterior and posterior groups revealed no significant difference in the changes of T1S and C2-7 SVA (P>0.05), whereas significant differences were observed in the changes of C2-7 lordosis and T1S-CL (P<0.001).
Conclusion
Anterior reconstruction surgery can improve or optimize the matching of T1S-CL, while a mismatch of T1S-CL is more likely to occur after posterior surgery, potentially leading to cervical sagittal malalignment and imbalance in patients with multilevel CSM.
Renal response and safety in real world of bortezomib treatment in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients with renal impairment
Authors: CHEN Chen , DONG Yan , QI Jian , WANG Juandong
Published: February 2025

AIMS: Our objective was to explore the renal efficacy and safety of bortezomib-based treatment in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients with Renal impairment (RI).
METHODS: We retrospective evaluated NDMM patients with RI at the Second Hospital of Shandong University between between January 2019 and December 2022.RI was defined as having a estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2.
RESULTS: There were 28 patients inclused, and the mean eGFR was 24.40mL/min/1.73 m2. All patients received a total of 77 courses of bortezomib-based therapy, and 87.01% regimens were three-drug combinations. The renal responce rates were 67.86%, 76.19%, 75.00%, and 76.92% from the first to forth courses, respectively, and the mean time to achieve renal complete response was 1.33 months.In the moderate reduction in eGFR group, the renal CR rates were 75.00%(6/8), 100.00%(5/5), 100.00%(2/2), and 100.00%(2/2) from the first to forth courses, respectively. In the severe reduction in eGFR group, the renal CR rates were 75.00%(9/12), 62.50%(5/8), 71.43%(5/7), and 66.67%(4/6) from the first to forth courses, respectively. In the renal failure or end-stage renal disease group, the renal CR rates were 50.00%(4/8), 62.50%(5/8), 85.71%(6/7), and 80.00%(4/5) from the first to forth courses, respectively.Median follow-up time of all patients was 14 months.Early death occurred in 5 patients(17.86%). There was no difference in OS between patients in different renal stage. The highest incidence of adverse events was lung infection, followed by neutropenia and thrombocytopenia.
CONCLUSIONS:Bortezomib-based regimens had good short-term renal efficacy and safety in the treatment of MM patients with RI.
Does Social Trust weaken the information rent-seeking of environmental responsibility?
Authors: Chen Xiaoyu , Lv Xinyi
Published: February 2025

Social trust is crucial for effective information transparency. Using the demonstration city for building a social credit system in China as a quasi-natural experiment, our results indicate that an improved social credit environment reduces the intensity of environmental information disclosure by enterprises while enhancing their substantive green innovation. This effect may be attributed to the reduced ability of enterprises to engage in environmental information rent-seeking for additional bank loans.
JEL Classification code: F239；F27；F49
Transcriptomic profiles of Crandell-Rees feline kidney cells infected with Varicellovirus felidalpha-1 (FHV-1) field and vaccine strains
Authors: Kwan Emily , Legione Alistair R. , Hartley Carol A. , Devlin Joanne M.
Published: February 2025

Background
Varicellovirus felidalpha-1 (FHV-1, previously Felid alphaherpesvirus-1) is a significant cause of upper respiratory tract disease in feline populations. Cats infected with FHV-1 show clinical signs that vary in severity. This can be due to differences in host responses and virus strain virulence. Investigating the gene transcription profiles during infections using FHV-1 strains could inform our understanding of host and viral factors contributing to disease outcomes. This study characterised the transcriptomes of Crandell–Rees feline kidney (CRFK) cells infected with field or vaccine FHV-1 strains to better understand the host response during infection.
Methods
Crandell–Rees feline kidney cells were infected with either the FHV-1 Feligen vaccine strain or the 384/75 field strain associated with severe disease. The transcriptomes were characterised using RNA-sequencing. To determine the host cellular transcription profile, the total transcripts were mapped to the cat genome and compared to uninfected cells. To characterise the viral transcription profile, the total reads were mapped to each FHV-1 strain. The differentially expressed host genes between infection strains were compared and further analysed using the PANTHER database to examine host pathway regulation.
Results
The findings in this study show the differential host gene expressions induced by FHV-1 compared to uninfected CRFK cells. Genes encoding histone proteins were upregulated, while genes involved in cell adhesion and migration processes were downregulated during infections with FHV-1. Comparative analysis between field and vaccine strains showed similarities and differences in host gene expressions. Notably, upregulated genes unique to the field strain were associated with regulatory proteins involved in the cell cycle, while downregulated host genes in field and vaccine strains showed distinct host gene and pathway expressions involved in immune activation.
Conclusions
This study demonstrates the host and viral gene expressions during FHV-1 infection shows the distinct host responses to field and vaccine strains using an in vitro model. These findings provide a foundation for future transcriptomic investigations in other cell types, including ex-vivo explants systems, to enhance our understanding of host-pathogen interactions and viral pathogenesis that may inform future vaccine attenuation studies.
Assessment of Bacterial Resistance and Soil Quality Parameters in Glyphosate-Treated Agricultural Irrigation Areas
Authors: Souza Karolayne Silva , Silva Milena Roberta Freire , Candido Manoella Almeida , Torres Gabriela Lima , Felix Kátia Cilene Silva , Silva Kaline Catiely Campos , Filho Ricardo Marques Nogueira , Santos Milena Danda Vasconcelos , Araújo Lívia Caroline Alexandre , Motteran Fabricio , Oliveira Maria Betânia Melo
Published: February 2025

This study evaluates bacterial resistance and soil quality parameters in agricultural irrigation areas using glyphosate, focusing on the Icó-Mandantes and Apolônio Sales projects in Petrolândia, Pernambuco. The research investigated the physicochemical characteristics of the soil, such as density, particle size composition, pH, and nutrient levels (P, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Al). Soil samples were collected and analyzed to identify the presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The results show that, although the physicochemical parameters are within acceptable standards, there is a significant presence of resistant bacteria, especially Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Bacillus cereus, and Enterobacter cloacae. The predominance of multi-resistant bacteria suggests that the continuous use of glyphosate may promote bacterial resistance, posing a risk to public health and agricultural sustainability. Therefore, the study highlights the need for more sustainable agricultural practices and continuous monitoring of glyphosate's effects on soil.
The impact of ambient contamination on demultiplexing methods for single-nucleus multiome experiments
Authors: Li Terence , Alvarez Marcus , Liu Cuining , Abuhanna Kevin , Sun Yu , Ernst Jason , Plath Kathrin , Balliu Brunilda , Luo Chongyuan , Zaitlen Noah
Published: February 2025

Sample multiplexing has become an increasingly common design choice in droplet-based single-nucleus multi-omic sequencing experiments to reduce costs and remove technical variation. Genotype-based demultiplexing is one popular class of methods that was originally developed for single-cell RNA-seq, but has not been rigorously benchmarked in other assays, such as snATAC-seq and joint snRNA/snATAC assays, especially in the context of variable ambient RNA/DNA contamination. To address this, we develop ambisim, a genotype-aware read-level simulator that can flexibly control ambient molecule proportions and generate realistic joint snRNA/snATAC data. We use ambisim to evaluate demultiplexing methods across several important parameters: doublet rate, number of multiplexed donors, and coverage levels. Our simulations reveal that methods are variably impacted by ambient contamination in both modalities. We then applied the demultiplexing methods to two joint snRNA/snATAC datasets and found highly variable concordance between methods in both modalities. Finally, we develop a new metric, variant consistency, which we show is correlated with cell-level ambient molecule fractions in singlets. Applying our metric to two multiplexed joint snRNA/snATAC datasets reveals variable ambient contamination across experiments and modalities. We conclude that improved modelling of ambient material in demultiplexing algorithms will increase both sensitivity and specificity.
RELIGIOUS MODERATION FOR INDONESIAN MUSLIMS IN DIASPORA: The Pojok Moderasi Beragama of the Indonesian School in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Rohman Fathur , Shobirin Ma'as
Published: February 2025

This article deals with the establishment of the Pojok Moderasi Beragama at the Indonesian School in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, as part of its efforts to promote religious moderation among the Indonesian diaspora in the region. The initiative is driven by concerns over the vulnerability of the diaspora community to radical Islamic ideologies, such as Wahhabism and other transnational Islamic movements prevalent in the Middle East. As such, the establishment of the Pojok Moderasi Beragama at the Indonesian School in Riyadh represents a strategic preventive measure. Employing an Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach, this article explores the implementation of “moderate” programs aimed at establishing the Pojok Moderasi Beragama. Initially, all teachers underwent comprehensive training to enhance their understanding of religious moderation and its practical application in the school setting. Simultaneously, mentoring activities facilitated the gradual development of religious moderation, ultimately leading to the creation of the Pojok Moderasi Beragama by leveraging the school’s existing assets. This article argues that teachers have significantly improved their understanding of religious moderation, encompassing pluralism, tolerance, and interfaith dialogue. Furthermore, it captures the progressive development of the Pojok Moderasi Beragama, which effectively utilizes the school’s resources, including the library, school website, and social media platforms.
The Impacts of COVID-19 on Kam Holding Group in Ilorin, 2020-2021
Authors: Daniel Ogundare Yemi
Published: February 2025

The paper examines the impacts of COVID-19 on Kam Holding Company Limited, Ilorin. The outbreak of COVID-19 began in Wuhan, a city in the Hubei province of China. The World Health Organization reported the first case of coronavirus on 31st December 2019. This virus is common in an animal like cattle and camels, but in animals to humans is rare. However, the report of coronavirus to humans was traceable to bats while some suggested pangolins. The report was unclear on how it spread to humans. In Nigeria, COVID-19 was confirmed on 27th February 2020. The objective of the study is to examine the impacts of coronavirus on Kam Holding Group Ilorin, Kwara State as a case study of analysis. The theory employed in this study is Human Capital Theory; this theory is very relevant to the development life of many countries, especially in the 1970s which depend on the quality of human resources. The methodology of the study relied on both the primary and secondary sources of data. The primary data relied on key informant interviews and questionnaires. The questionnaire is carried out among 100 respondents, 30 of the respondents are administrative officials while 70 of the respondents are factory workers.  The secondary data relied on newspapers, magazines, journals, texts and articles. The study identifies COVID-19 as a great challenge to the economic security and survival of the employees in Kam Holding Group, which resulted in unemployment. This has increased the unemployment statistics in Kwara State and Nigeria at large.  Kam Holding Group has not been able to get out of economic depression since 2020 to date due to the low demand for its products caused by the coronavirus pandemic. The study recommended solutions to the existing problem and measures to curtail in a case of re-occurrence of a sudden pandemic phenomenon on the livelihood of the citizens. One of the prime recommendations is that citizens should be diversified in their skilful capacity to meet the wing of unknown economic depression in emerging situations.
STRUCTURAL EVOLUTION AND CARBON SEQUESTRATION IN THE NIEGRE CLASSIFIED FOREST (SOUTH-WEST) IN COTE DIVOIRE
Authors:   Laboratoire des Milieux Naturels et Conservation de la Biodiversite, UFR Biosciences, Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny, Abidjan, Cote dIvoire., Estelle NGuessan Anny , Bienvenu Amani Konan ,   UFR des Sciences de la Nature (SN), Universite Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Cote dIvoire., Roseline Gouli Gnanazan Zinsi ,   Laboratoire des Systematiques, Herbiers et Musee botanique, UFR Biosciences, Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny, Abidjan, Cote dIvoire., Justin Kassi Ndja ,   Laboratoire des Milieux Naturels et Conservation de la Biodiversite, UFR Biosciences, Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny, Abidjan, Cote dIvoire.
Published: February 2025

This study was conducted to support the sustainable management of the Niegre classified forest by analyzing its vegetation structure and the carbon stock sequestered within it. The methodology randomly sampled 100 m x 20 m (2,000 mÂ²) plots in various biotopes, including old-growth forests, and fallow of 1-10 years, 11-19 years, 20-30 years, and 30 years or more. In each plot, chest height diameters (CHD) and height measurements were taken for all woody species with a diameter of 2.5 cm or greater. 419 species across 286 genera and 92 families were recorded, with the most dominant families being Fabaceae, Rubiaceae, and Euphorbiaceae. The distribution of individuals across diameter classes followed an inverted J curve in all biotopes, indicating robust natural regeneration. The study also demonstrated the forests significant capacity for carbon storage, highlighting the crucial role of forest plant species in sequestering carbon dioxide emissions from human activities.