bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The evidential meaning of presupposition and implicature between retractability and deniability of information
Authors: Masia Viviana
Published: December 2023

The relation evidentiality bears on the coding of some information as presupposition or as implicature is still an underexplored research field. In this paper, such an interplay is addressed by looking into how presupposed and implied contents (differently) respond to contexts of challenge and deniability. As taken for granted information (Stalnaker, Robert. 1973. Presuppositions. Journal of Philosophical Logic 2(4). 447–457), presupposition is more resistant to both challenging and retracting conversational moves, since it conveys content the speaker does not commit to. By contrast, implicature – characterized as intentional meaning (Grice, Herbert P. 1975. Logic and conversation. In Peter Cole & Jerry Morgan (eds.), Syntax and semantics 3: Speech acts, 41–58. New York: Academic Press) – allows both challenging and retracting conversational moves, because it is information the speaker commits to the most, similarly to what happens with plain declarative sentences. Building on this account, it is suggested that the higher challenging and deniability status cued by implicature is related to its function of encoding a direct type of evidentiality (Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. 2004. Evidentiality. Oxford: Oxford University Press), namely a condition in which the speaker presents herself as the first-hand source of some information. Conversely, the weaker challengeability and deniability associated to presupposition hinges on its property of encoding a mutual type of evidentiality (Hintz, Daniel J. & Hintz Diane M. 2017. The evidential category of mutual knowledge in Quechua. Lingua 186. 88–109), that is, a state in which information is construed and conveyed as already shared by all participants at the moment of utterance.
Wood modification with trimethoxyphenylsilane via supercritical carbon dioxide for enhanced weathering resistance
Authors: Triquet Juliette , Renard Olivier , Piluso Pierre
Published: December 2023

This research focuses on increasing wood resistance against UV degradation using trimethoxyphenylsilane as modifying agent and supercritical CO2 as a green solvent and reaction medium. Trimethoxyphenylsilane was successfully grafted on European spruce (Picea abies, H. Karst) and was characterized by SEM-EDX and UV–vis reflectance. SEM-EDX showed the presence of silicium inside the wood cell wall. Increased wood moisture content showed positive effect on weight gain of trimethoxyphenylsilane after treatment. UV resistance of treated wood was evaluated by following the color change during artificial weathering. Modified samples showed improved weathering resistance compared to unmodified wood with a ΔE value around 5 after 260 h. Processing and modifying wood using supercritical CO2 is a promising route to increase wood performances and increase its use as a building material.
Intrafamilial phenotypic heterogeneity in siblings with pseudohypoparathyroidism 1B due to maternal STX16 deletion
Authors: Odom John , Bacino Carlos A. , Karaviti Lefkothea P. , Bi Weimin , Hoyos-Martinez Alfonso
Published: December 2023

Objectives

Pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP1B) is most commonly caused by epigenetic defects resulting in loss of methylation at the GNAS locus, although deletions of STX16 leading to GNAS methylation abnormalities have been previously reported. The phenotype of this disorder is variable and can include hormonal resistances and severe infantile obesity with hyperphagia. A possible time relationship between the onset of obesity and endocrinopathies has been previously reported but remains unclear. Understanding of the condition’s natural history is limited, partly due to a scarcity of literature, especially in children.

Case presentation

We report three siblings with autosomal dominant PHP1B caused by a deletion in STX16 who presented with early childhood onset PTH-resistance with normocalcemia with a progressive nature, accompanied by TSH-resistance and severe infantile obesity with hyperphagia in some, not all of the affected individuals.

Conclusions

PHP1B from a STX16 deletion displays intrafamilial phenotypic variation. It is a novel cause of severe infantile obesity, which is not typically included in commercially available gene panels but must be considered in the genetic work-up. Finally, it does not seem to have a clear time relationship between the onset of obesity and hormonal resistance.
Left atrial strain in fetal echocardiography – could it be introduced to everyday clinical practice?
Authors: Medjedovic Edin , Begic Zijo , Stanojevic Milan , Aziri Buena , Begic Edin , Djukic Milan , Mladenovic Zorica , Kurjak Asim
Published: December 2023

Objectives

Prenatal cardiology is a part of preventive cardiology based on fetal echocardiography and fetal interventional cardiology, which facilitates treatment of congenital heart defects (CHD) in pediatric patients and consequently in adults. Timely prenatal detection of CHD plays a pivotal role in facilitating the appropriate referral of pregnant women to facilities equipped to provide thorough perinatal care within the framework of a well-structured healthcare system. The aim of this paper is to highlight the role of left atrial strain (LAS) in prenatal evaluation of fetal heart and prediction of structural and functional disorders.

Methods

We conducted a comprehensive literature review searching PubMed for articles published from inception up until August 2023, including the search terms “left atrial strain”, “fetal echocardiography”, and “prenatal cardiology” combined through Boolean operators. In addition, references lists of identified articles were further reviewed for inclusion.

Results

Our review underscores the significance of LAS parameters in fetal echocardiography as a screening tool during specific gestational windows (starting from 11 to 14 weeks of gestation, followed by better visualization between 18 and 22 weeks of gestation). The left atrial strain technique and its parameters serve as valuable indicators, not only for identifying cardiac complications but also for predicting and guiding therapeutic interventions in cases of both cardiac and noncardiac pregnancy complications in fetuses. Evidence suggests establishment of second-trimester reference strain and strain rate values by speckle-tracking echocardiography in the healthy fetal cohort is essential for the evaluation of myocardial pathologies during pregnancy.

Conclusions

Finding of LAS of fetal heart is feasible and probably can have potential for clinical and prognostic implications.
“Spoken and monologic”: modelling oratory, past and present, through the framework of systemic functional linguistics
Authors: Rossette-Crake Fiona
Published: December 2023

This article focuses on instances of spoken communication which qualify commonly as “oratory” and which can be modelled within the socio-semiotic of “spoken and monologic”. This includes both “podium oratory”, as exemplified by political speeches delivered from a stage to an audience that is physically present, as well as forms of “digital oratory” which have developed via the digital interface, including videos posted to social media. The study proposes to model both types of oratory with respect to a range of multimodal and linguistic resources. The study notably explores spoken and monologic discourse in regard to grammatical intricacy and lexical density, the two types of information packaging which respectively inform prototypical speech and writing. Digital oratory reflects trends associated with the technologisation of discourse, and its underpinnings as socio-semiotic. The discussion also makes the case that systemic functional linguistics (SFL) theory, via its articulation between system and function, provides an ideal lens through which these activities can be modelled, as well as their social role and the symbolic power attached to them.
From screen to soft power: the rising appeal of Turkish TV series in Bangladesh
Authors: Sharma Shudipta
Published: December 2023

Purpose

This study examines the popularity of Turkish TV series in Bangladesh and their effectiveness as a soft power tool for Turkey. It also aims to understand why these series have been successful in shaping the attitudes and beliefs of Bangladeshi audiences towards Turkey and its leadership.

Method

This qualitative study employs the narrative analysis approach to examine the phenomenon. Social media posts and comments related to the Bengali dubbed version of the Turkish TV series The Magnificent Century on Facebook and YouTube from November 2015 to March 2022 were collected and analyzed using an inductive approach.

Findings

The study finds that the success of Turkish TV series in Bangladesh can be attributed to a combination of factors, including the absence of quality local content, the strong connection of Bangladeshi audiences with their Muslim identity, and the portrayal of Islamic historical context and similar Muslim culture. The positive image of Turkey and its history portrayed in these series has created a sense of cultural proximity between Turkey and Bangladesh, contributing to the popularity of Turkish TV series in the country.

Implications

The study suggests that Turkish TV series serve as a soft power tool for Turkey to increase its influence in Bangladesh. By promoting a positive image of Turkey and its history, these series have successfully shaped the attitudes and beliefs of Bangladeshi audiences towards Turkey and its leadership.

Value

This study highlights the effectiveness of Turkish TV series as a soft power tool. It provides insights into the factors contributing to the popularity of these series in Bangladesh and their potential to increase Turkey’s influence in the Muslim world.
On general extenders in literary translation and all that stuff
Authors: Vișan Nadina
Published: December 2023

The present article focuses on strategies for translating general extenders (GEs) from English into Romanian. Starting from the generally accepted definition of GEs as structures that extend utterances that are otherwise grammatically complete and that are placed in phrase- or clause-final position, I analyze samples of literary text and their respective (multiple) versions and investigate patterns in which these structures are translated. Since, as pointed out in the literature, GEs can fulfill more than one function in the text, and since in literary texts they tend to be repeatedly and meaningfully employed, the article investigates to what extent a Romanian translator can render this type of pragmatic marker into the target language in a fluid manner. This question is intriguing for at least two reasons: (a) Romanian seems to employ GEs in a more restricted manner than English and (b) repetition seems to be a stumbling block in translation. In order to solve this problem, a translator resorts to lexical variety, compensation, and omission.
Tonic cuff pressure pain sensitivity in chronic pain patients and its relation to self-reported physical activity
Authors: Skogberg Olof , Karlsson Linn , Bäckryd Emmanuel , Lemming Dag
Published: December 2023

Objectives

Physical inactivity is a global health concern and a significant problem among chronic pain patients. They often experience pain flare-ups when they try to increase their physical activity level. Most research on the relationship between pain sensitivity and physical activity has been on healthy participants. Data on chronic pain patients are lacking. Using cuff pressure algometry, this study investigated tonic cuff pressure pain sensitivity and its associations to self-reported physical activity and other patient-reported outcomes in chronic pain patients.

Methods

Chronic pain patients (n=78) were compared to healthy controls (n=98). Multivariate data analysis was used to investigate the associations between tonic cuff pressure pain sensitivity, physical activity, and other patient-reported outcome measures.

Results

The three most important variables for group discrimination were perceived health status (EQVAS: p(corr)=−0.85, i.e., lower in patients), depression (HADS-D: p(corr)=0.81, i.e., higher in patients), and the tonic cuff pressure pain sensitivity variable maximum pain intensity (VAS-peak-arm: p(corr)=0.75, i.e., higher in patients). In patients, the most important predictors for high VAS-peak-arm were female sex (p(corr)=−0.75), higher number of painful regions (p(corr)=0.72), higher pain intensity (p(corr)=0.55), followed by lower level of self-reported physical activity (p(corr)=−0.39). VAS-peak-arm in patients correlated negatively with self-reported physical activity (rho=−0.28, p=0.018).

Conclusions

Physical activity may be the most important patient-changeable variable correlating to pain sensitivity. This study highlights the importance of more research to further understand how increased physical activity may decrease pain sensitivity in chronic pain patients.
Late Glacial lithic industry of the Xiaonanshan site: implications for the Neolithisation in the Amur River basin
Authors: Yue Jian-Ping , Li You-Qian , Yan Xia-Jun , Du Xue-Ya , Yang Shi-Xia
Published: December 2023

Xiaonanshan is an archaeological site dated to 16.5–13.5 cal kyr BP, situated beside the Ussuri River in China. The lithic assemblages feature microblade debitage, bifacial points and stone adzes, which provide important new materials for this project to explore Neolithisation in the Amur River basin of northeast Asia.
DRIVING OF STRUGGLE VALUES AS MORAL PRESSURE TO CONSTRUCT THE KHAYRA UMMAH SYSTEM
Authors: Abdur Rofik  , Hamid Imron Rosyadi , U. Djawahir Abdillah , Muhammad Romli M.  , Prayogi R. Saputra  , Fahrur Razi  , Abu Amar Bustomi  , Fajar Arianto
Published: December 2023

The drive of struggle values and moral pressure in social systems and organizations are interdependent. A good social system is strongly influenced by the values of struggle and moral pressure, so that everything contained in struggle and morality is reflected in social life. Thus, an ideal social order can be constructed through a patented moral approach in a blueprint. In this article, the blueprint of moral pressure refers to the struggle values of KH. Mahmud Zubaidi as a transformative figure in Indonesia in his struggle to construct a civil society, namely a community of the best society (khayra ummah). The study of khayra ummah is specific to the contextualization of KH. Mahmud Zubaidi's concept of prophetic da'wah as moral pressure. This research uses an ethnographic qualitative approach involving 14 key interfaith informants in Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that KH Mahmud Zubaidi's prophetic da'wah carries three pillars of khayra ummah that are constructed as strugle values and moral pressure, including: amar ma'ruf (humanization), nahi munkar (liberation), and iman billah (transcendence). The construction of these three pillars is coordinated by a university as a product of its struggle, which is then translated into various academic and non-academic activity programs. The contextualization of prophetic da'wah and its difference are also discussed.
A low-carbohydrate diet in place of SGLT2i therapy in a patient with diabetic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Kleissl-Muir Sabine , Rasmussen Bodil , Owen Alice , Zinn Caryn , Driscoll Andrea
Published: December 2023

In patients with diabetes mellitus, the toxic milieu caused by abnormal glucose and free fatty acid handling can lead to heart failure (HF). Referred to as diabetic cardiomyopathy (DMCM), this syndrome often exists in the absence of conventional risk factors for HF such as history of myocardial infarction or hypertension. Low-carbohydrate diets (LCDs) have recently been endorsed as an efficacious therapeutic dietary approach to prevent and reverse cardiometabolic disease including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). LCDs improve systemic insulin resistance (IR), reverses cardiac remodelling in a rodent model and downregulates the expression of sodium–glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) receptors in the kidney. It is therefore conceivable that a lifestyle approach such as adopting an LCD can be offered to patients with DMCM. The reported case is that of a 45-year-old man with a 15-year history of non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy, T2DM and obesity. The patient volunteered to engage in a 16-week low-carbohydrate dietary intervention trial and then self-selected to remain on this diet for 1 year. The whole-food LCD was based on simple ‘traffic light’ style food lists and not designed to restrict calories, protein, fat or salt. After 1 year, the patient had lost 39 kg and his cardiometabolic markers had significantly improved. LCDs present a potentially beneficial approach for patients with DMCM and could be considered as a lifestyle intervention before SGLT2i therapy is commenced.

Learning points

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DMCM) is a syndrome precipitated mainly by the detrimental effects of glucose metabolism disorders such as insulin resistance and diabetes.

Low-carbohydrate diets (LCD) mimic many effects of sodium–glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i).

LCDs are a dietary pattern which can have significant and beneficial effects on metabolic and anthropometric markers in patients with DMCM.

LCDs and SGLT2i therapy could be combined and may achieve better clinical outcomes for patients with DMCM.

Combination therapy may be carried out under close supervision as the real risk for diabetic ketoacidosis remains.
On the approximation of fixed points for the class of mappings satisfying $(CSC)$-condition in Hadamard spaces
Authors: Şahin A. , Alagöz O.
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we consider the class of mappings satisfying $(CSC)$-condition. Further, we prove the strong and $\triangle$-convergence theorems of the $JF$-iteration process for this class of mappings in Hadamard spaces. At the end, we give a numerical example to show that the $JF$-iteration process is faster than some well known iterative processes. Our results improve and extend the corresponding recent results of the current literature.
Thick and Thin Film Solar Cells: New Formulation
Authors: Velazquez-Perez J.E. , Titov O.Yu. , Gurevich Yuri G.
Published: December 2023

Solar cells rely on photogeneration of charge carriers in p-n junctions and their transport and subsequent recombination in the quasineutral regions. Several basic issues concerning the physics of the operation of solar cells remain obscure. This paper discusses some of those unsolved basic problems. In conventional solar cells, recombination of photogenerated charge carriers plays a major limiting role in the cell efficiency. High quality thin-film solar cells may overcome this limit if the minority diffusion lengths become large as compared to the cell dimensions, but, strikingly, the conventional model fails to describe the cell electric behavior under these conditions. A new formulation of the basic equations describing charge carrier transport in the cell along with a set of boundary conditions is presented. An analytical closed-form solution is obtained under the linear approximation. It is  shown that the calculation of the open-circuit voltage of the solar cell diode does not lead to unphysical results in the new given framework.
Más de 20 años de gestión de flora amenazada en Menorca: algunas experiencias, resultados y propuestas de futuro
Authors: FRAGA I ARGUIMBAU PERE
Published: December 2023

El relato de más de 20 años de gestión de flora amenazada en Menorca (Islas Baleares) muestra cómo esta ha ido progresando, desde las primeras acciones dirigidas a especies y amenazas concretas, pasando por los hábitats, hasta llegar finalmente a la actuación en parajes enteros, para su restauración paisajística. Desde el año 2015 se hace un seguimiento constante de los taxones más amenazados y se han desarrollado herramientas de prevención. En todo momento la sensibilización y participación social han sido un aspecto clave. Todo esto ha servido para tener una visión más holística en la gestión de la flora amenazada, diseñar mejor las acciones de conservación y proponer nuevas estrategias de futuro
Un plan de recuperación cumpliendo su objetivo: el caso de Limonium perplexum (Plumbaginaceae)
Authors: NAVARRO PERIS A. , CARDA USO J. , FERRER-GALLEGO P.P. , FERRANDO PARDO I. , ALBERT LLANA F.J. , BARRERO SÁNCHEZ R. , LAGUNA LUMBRERAS EMILIO , OLIVARES TORMO A. , JIMÉNEZ PÉREZ J.
Published: December 2023

Limonium perplexum L. Sáez & Rosselló cuenta con dos localidades de carácter natural en los acantilados costeros de la Sierra de Irta, Peñíscola (Comunitat Valenciana). Desde 2009 cuenta con protección de la Generalitat Valenciana y en 2011 fue incluido en el Catálogo Español de Especies Amenazadas, en ambos casos en la máxima categoría de amenaza (‘En Peligro de Extinción’). Aunque su plan de recuperación fue publicado en 2015, los trabajos de conservación de la especie comenzaron muchos años antes. Se desarrollaron protocolos de germinación, conservación en banco de germoplasma, cultivo en vivero y plantación en el medio natural. El objetivo del plan de recuperación es la disminución de la categoría de amenaza en función de tres parámetros: número de individuos, número de poblaciones y número de cuadrículas UTM 1x1km con presencia de la especie. Desde 2018 hasta el 2022 el objetivo del plan se ha cumplido.
¿Por qué conservar el “arto” (Maytenus senegalensis subsp. europaea) y su hábitat?
Authors: PEÑAS DE GILES JULIO , MENDOZA-FERNÁNDEZ ANTONIO J. , ALCARAZ SEGURA DOMINGO , RODRÍGUEZ CORREAL FERNANDO , GUIZÁN XESÚS , DEL RÍO SÁNCHEZ JESÚS , SALMERÓN-SÁNCHEZ ESTEBAN , CABELLO PIÑAR JAVIER , MOTA POVEDA JUAN F.
Published: December 2023

En la primavera de 2023 se celebró en Salobreña (Granada) un taller científico-técnico sobre los problemas de conservación de Maytenus senegalensis subsp. europaea (“arto”) y su hábitat ante el desarrollo de actividades socioeconómicas, y las posibles soluciones para la preservación de tan importante valor de biodiversidad del sur y este ibérico. Con una gran participación de técnicos, científicos, empresas, ONGs, entre otros, se trataron diversos aspectos en formato sesiones con discusiones abiertas, sobre el conocimiento científico actual, implicaciones legales-administrativas, o criterios y protocolos para soluciones y actuaciones de difusión. Finalmente se elaboraron unas conclusiones y se presentó la plataforma MAYTENUS.org, como punto de encuentro de profesionales y colectivos implicados en la problemática de conservación de M. senegalensis subsp. europaea. Dicha plataforma tiene como objetivo generar conocimiento y desarrollar estrategias de gestión territorial sostenible, acordes con la conservación del hábitat y la especie.
Los briófitos como bioindicadores de efectos del fuego en la laurisilva canaria
Authors: CEDRÉS-PERDOMO RUYMÁN DAVID , GONZÁLEZ-MANCEBO JUANA MARÍA
Published: December 2023

Los incendios destruyen los hábitats y degradan el suelo de los ecosistemas. Los briófitos son protagonistas en la laurisilva macaronésica y, debido a su sensibilidad a cambios ambientales, funcionan como indicadores de perturbación. Examinamos las variaciones en la riqueza y composición de briófitos en la laurisilva mejor conservada de Canarias (Parque Nacional de Garajonay) dentro de una cronosecuencia de incendios (5-57 años) comparando los resultados entre zonas quemadas y otras adyacentes con rodales no quemados. Se muestrearon briófitos epífitos, terrícolas y saxícolas, y se analizaron la influencia del tiempo transcurrido tras el incendio, los factores ambientales y la estructura forestal. Nuestros resultados sugieren que no existe un único patrón de recolonización post-incendio y que el clima y la estructura forestal son los factores más significativos. Los resultados permiten comprender las principales tendencias de composición en comunidades de musgos y hepáticas, con alta capacidad de dispersión y fuerte dependencia de los microclimas.
Trabajos de conservación de Genista legionensis en Bizkaia (1989-2023)
Authors: OTAMENDI URBIZTONDO MADDI , ARRIETA ASEGINOLAZA MAIALEN , GARCÍA DEL BAO ANA , PRIETO FERNÁNDEZ AMADOR , OCHOA LARRINGAN ENEKO , LASO GARCÍA ANTONIO , ZULAIKA ISASTI JON
Published: December 2023

Genista legionensis (Pau) M. Laínz, especie endémica de la cordillera Cantábrica, se enfrenta a serios desafíos de conservación en su única población en la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco. Localizada en Punta Lucero (Bizkaia) y descubierta en 1989, la construcción de una pista en 1999 dañó gravemente esta población, razón por la que se translocaron dos ejemplares al Jardín Botánico de Iturraran. Con el objetivo de garantizar su supervivencia, se han realizado seguimientos anuales desde 2007 de la mano de la Diputación Foral de Bizkaia. A raíz de estos trabajos, se han ido desarrollando varias líneas de conservación ex situ, cultivo ex situ e in situ y reforzamientos in situ de la mano de diferentes equipos. En diciembre de 2022 un incendio arrasó la población original, aunque algunos ejemplares están rebrotando. Dado el estado crítico en que se encuentra la población, el objetivo de este trabajo es sintetizar los resultados obtenidos hasta ahora, los cuales no han sido muy favorables. Gracias a que se dispone de germoplasma (semillas y material vegetativo), este trabajo también busca establecer qué líneas de trabajo mantener, y qué nuevos estudios llevar a cabo para mejorar la situación actual de la especie.
A PRÁTICA DE ENSINO DE GEOGRAFIA COMO INSTRUMENTALIZADORA DE PROFESSORES E ALUNOS AUTÔNOMOS: UM EXERCÍCIO DE EDUCAÇÃO GEOGRÁFICA PARA A DOCÊNCIA LATINO-AMERICANA
Authors: Pinheiro da Silva Augusto César
Published: December 2023

Las transformaciones de la base legal de la Educación brasileña incitan a los educadores a buscar estrategias potenciadoras de una formación escolar que estimule la autonomía en el ¨pensar y actuar¨ de futuros docentes y estudiantes. Por lo tanto, nuevas metodologías didácticas y de evaluación deben ser experimentadas y divulgadas para la formación de una escuela básica más interactiva frente a la complejidad del mundo actual. En este contexto, el presente artículo describirá en detalle la metodología de los seminarios semestrales de geografía aplicada en los grupos de la enseñanza fundamental del Colégio de Aplicação da UERJ (CAp-UERJ), y experimentada, académicamente con los estudiantes y futuros profesores, en las asignaturas Estágio Supervisionado (Prácticas Supervisadas) y Ensino de Geografia (Enseñanza de la Geografía) que son parte del programa de la Licenciatura de la Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio).
REFLEXÕES SOBRE O PROJETO POLÍTICO PEDAGÓGICO DA UFPR/SETOR LITORAL – BRASIL E SUAS INTERFACES INTERDISCIPLINARES NAS PRÁCTICAS PEDAGÓGICAS
Authors: Kashiwagi Helena Midori , Teixeira Salete Kozel
Published: December 2023

En este artículo plantease algunas reflexiones sobre el Proyecto Político Pedagógico (PPP)  desarollado en el Sector Litoral de la Universidad Federal del Paraná - UFPR y sus interfaces interdisciplinares en las prácticas pedagógicas. La estructura organizacional curricular de esta propuesta pedagógica fue dividida en tres fases: “conocer y comprender”, “comprender y proponer”, “proponer y actuar”. El escopo de este trabajo propone presentar algunas reflexiones desde la contribución de la Geografía Humanística en su vertiente fenomenológica hasta las prácticas pedagógicas desarolladas en la primera fase del curriculo. En esta investigación las interfaces interdisciplinares posibilitan el desarrollo de una percepción crítica del alumno de forma más amplia, bajo de las diversas miradas a partir de las diferencias de los puntos de vista.
Chemical composition and content of essential oil from cultivated bald cypress (Taxodium distichum L.)
Authors: Hosseinihashemi Seyyed Khalil , Hosseinashrafi Sayed Khosrow , Kelkian Mehrnoush , Shafighi Zohreh , Barbosa Luiz Claudio Almeida
Published: December 2023

The essential oils extracted from the cone scale (CS), seed (SE), and thin branch with leaf (BL) of Taxodium distichum harvested during the winter season were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Up to 37 components were identified, accounting for more than 96% of the total oil volume in all samples. Monoterpenes (CS 93.4%, SE 85.2%, and BL 72.8%) represented the major constituents of the essential oils, followed by smaller quantities of sesquiterpenoids. Monoterpene hydrocarbons (MH) dominated, with limonene (CS 56.5%, SE 50.5%, and BL 43.8%) and α-pinene (CS 31.7%, SE 26.1%, and BL 16.2%) being the main constituents. Representative minor constituents in the CS oil are camphene (1.3%) and bornyl acetate (2.6%); in the SE oil, β-myrcene (1.7%) and bornyl acetate (5.1%) were found; and in BL essential oil, β-myrcene (3.1%) and bornyl acetate (6%). Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (CS 4.6%, SE 7.8%, and BL 12.9%) were the other major subclasses of components, with caryophyllene (CS 4.1%, SE 6.8%, and BL 9.3%) as the main constituent. The only oxygen-containing sesquiterpene found was caryophyllene oxide (CS 1.5%, SE 5.5%, and BL 8.3%). The compounds could be of great interest in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical applications.
Frictional properties of red pine cones harvested under different conditions
Authors: Ren Yunze , Teng Chi , Gao Tong , Zhang Ying , Liu Hui , Dong Xibin
Published: December 2023

The climbing of trees to pick pinecones is a high-risk exercise. In this study, a mechanical gripper jaw was designed. Frictional characteristics between the pinecones and the mechanical gripper jaw during pinecone picking under different conditions were investigated using a workbench simulation, homemade inclined friction meter, and mass tester. Three-level orthogonal and one-factor tests were conducted. The relationship between the water content and friction properties and between the water content and hardness were investigated, and conclusions were drawn on how water content affected friction properties by influencing hardness. The results showed that the contact material greatly affected the friction properties. The pinecone water content was maintained between 24% and 28% to ensure that the coefficient of friction was maximized and that the pinecones were sufficiently hard to dislodge. Additionally, a prototype machine was used to perform pinecone-gripping experiments to validate the experimental and simulation results. Consequently, the results of this study provide a useful reference for the structural design of pinecone picking robots and the picking reason.
Žemininkai Literary Movement in Vilnius: Relationship with the Space of a Multinational City
Authors: Kvietkauskas Mindaugas
Published: December 2023

The article examines the relationship between the generation of žemininkai (a literary movement; its name can be roughly translated as ‘representatives of land’) and the multi-ethnic Vilnius urban space since 1940, when the young representatives of this generation moved to the regained capital of Lithuania. Previous studies of their work stated that the experience of Vilnius had a significant impact on the cultural consciousness of this generation, but they never analysed the process of development of their ‘Vilnius identity’ and urban discourse, the meanings of the city that it emphasised, and the manifestations of the relationship with the multi-ethnic urban environment and the cultural ‘other’. The article presents socio-cultural analysis of the poetic and ego-documentary texts of four žemininkai authors who reflected on their Vilnius experience – Pranė Aukštikalnytė-Jokimaitienė, Kazys Bradūnas, Vytautas Mačernis, and Alfonsas Nyka-Niliūnas, as well as the autobiographical testimonies of the literary scholar Vanda Zaborskaitė. Their initial attitudes seem to be similar – ethnocentric and monological, whereas the urban imagination is dominated by the axis of the Lithuanian-European cultural meanings, and the spatial images are distilled from the signs of the local cultural ‘Other’. However, as early as during the war years, and especially in the post-war period, a shift in the individual attitudes of some of the žemininkai is evident. The initial nationalistic schemes are loosened or questioned, and signs of the ‘Other’ are integrated, which is first of all manifested in their poetry and poetic prose about Vilnius.
Incidence of barotrauma in the formation of cadets aviators in the Brazilian air force
Authors: Rochetti Bezerra Thiago Augusto , Pinelli Santos João Paulo , do Nascimento Rafael Pinheiro , Martins Occulate Liliana , Martins Malaquias Délio Tiago , Oliveira Soler Isadora de
Published: December 2023

Middle ear barotrauma is a pathology that can occur due to ineffective equalization between the external and internal pressures of the middle ear and can be caused by everyday conditions, which we sometimes do not notice before a flight. It is important to instruct the aviators to identify conditions that expose them to this pathology in order to make their instructions at the Air Force Academy (AFA This study aims to measure the level of consciousness of the cadets on the subject, the recurrence of conditions that lead to the emergence of barotraumas, and the preventive measures used. A questionnaire with seven questions about barotrauma knowledge was applied to a sample of 40 Cadet Aviators of the second Squadron in 2023. All these cadets were conducting the Air training course when they answered the questionnaire. All were questioned as to their knowledge of barotrauma, symptoms, procedures for relief and treatment. The results showed that although cadets have broad knowledge on the subject, and more than half of those questioned admit to performing instructional flights in non-ideal health conditions. This behavior, besides greatly increasing the risk of occurrence of a barotrauma, shows that a preventive culture is not being cultivated in the cadets. It is necessary to reaffirm the dangers of a barotrauma during the training of cadets who are going to begin flight instruction. Cadet awareness of pathologies involving air activity is important to everyone, as it is, a matter of flight safety.
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease After 2 Decades of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Use
Authors: Yildirim Inci , Lapidot Rotem , Shaik-Dasthagirisaheb Yazdani Basha , Hinderstein Sarah , Lee Hanna , Klevens Monina , Grant Lindsay , Arguedas Mohs Adriano Gerardo , Cane Alejandro , Madoff Larry , Johnson Hillary , Ivanof Caryn , Burns Meagan , Pelton Stephen
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVES

We sought to describe the evolving epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) among children in Massachusetts, United States, over the last 2 decades during which sequential 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV7) and 13-valent PCVs (PCV13) were implemented.

METHODS

Cases of IPD in children aged <18 years were detected between 2002 and 2021 through an enhanced population-based, statewide surveillance system. Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from normally sterile sites were serotyped and evaluated for antimicrobial susceptibility. IPD incidence rates and rate ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.

RESULTS

We identified 1347 IPD cases. Incidence of IPD in children aged <18 years declined 72% over 2 decades between 2002 and 2021 (incidence rate ratios 0.28, 95% CI 0.18–0.45). IPD rates continued to decline after replacement of PCV7 with PCV13 (incidence rate ratios 0.25, 95% CI 0.16–0.39, late PCV7 era [2010] versus late PCV13 era [2021]). During the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic years, 2020 to 2021, the rate of IPD among children aged <18 years reached 1.6 per 100 000, the lowest incidence observed over the 20 years. In PCV13 era, approximately one-third of the IPD cases in children aged >5 years had at least 1 underlying condition (98, 30.3%). Serotypes 19A and 7F contributed 342 (48.9%) of all cases before implementation of PCV13 (2002–2010). Serotype 3 (31, 8.6%), and non-PCV13 serotypes 15B/C (39, 10.8%), 33F (29, 8.0%), 23B (21, 0.8%), and 35B (17, 4.7%) were responsible for 37.8% of cases in PCV13 era (2011–2021). Penicillin nonsusceptibility continued to decline (9.8% vs 5.3% in pre-/late PCV13 era, P = .003), however has become more common among non-PCV13 serotypes compared with vaccine serotypes (14.8% vs 1.4%, P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS

Robust ongoing surveillance networks are critical for identifying emerging serotypes and development of next-generation vaccine formulations.
Distribución espacio-temporal de aves acuáticas de la familia Laridae en un humedal costero sudamericano
Authors: Minhuey Espinoza Yesenia Yojaira Anabella , Podestá Hernández Jorge Luis , Barona Narváez Freddy Daniel
Published: December 2023

Introducción: El humedal costero Poza de La Arenilla (HCPA), Callao, Perú, es un hábitat importante para el descanso y reposo de aves acuáticas, entre ellas la familia Laridae. Sin embargo, el humedal está sufriendo una degradación crítica debido al desarrollo de actividades antropogénicas. 
Objetivo: Evaluar la distribución espacio-temporal de las aves acuáticas de la familia Laridae reportadas en HCPA según la temporada del año entre 2013 y 2018. 
Métodos: Se realizaron muestreos quincenales en 11 zonas delimitadas de HCPA de enero 2013 a diciembre 2018, durante la mañana y la tarde, mediante el método de recuento total. 
Resultados: Se registraron 12 especies de la familia Laridae. Leucophaeus pipixcan fue la especie de mayor dominancia en la mayoría de las zonas estudiadas y su presencia se destaca en verano y primavera. Las especies con mayor distribución en el humedal son L. pipixcan, Larus dominicanus y Larus belcheri, que se registraron en todas las zonas estudiadas. La mayor abundancia total promedio de especies se registró en verano y la menor en invierno. Se observó un aumento gradual de la abundancia promedio de aves, siendo estos aumentos notables entre primavera y verano de un año a otro. Además, se observó una disminución de la riqueza global de los láridos durante el periodo evaluado. Se observó un patrón de variación estacional del índice de diversidad de Shannon-Weaver (H’) similar de un año a otro, debido a que los láridos son aves migratorias, y una tendencia a la disminución del índice con el paso del tiempo. 
Conclusiones: El HCPA desempeña un papel fundamental para la avifauna acuática de la región. Se ha registrado la presencia de cinco especies migratorias y siete residentes de esta familia, las cuales muestran preferencias espaciales en diferentes zonas del humedal. A pesar de que se observa una disminución en la riqueza global de las especies en el tiempo, la abundancia promedio de aves aumenta.
Blood parasites (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) infecting birds in the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Corrêa Lincoln
Published: December 2023

Introdução: Os tripanossomas são hemoparasitos que podem ser observados circulando no sangue periférico de aves. Estudos parasitológicos em aves no ambiente natural são negligenciados, mas são importantes para pesquisas relacionadas à transmissão, manutenção do ciclo biológico, abundância, entre outros aspectos parasitológicos.

Objetivo: O presente estudo descreve infecções por Trypanosoma sp. em aves da Amazônia brasileira, trazendo novas informações sobre a prevalência e características morfológicas e morfométricas desse hemoparasita. Os dados foram obtidos na Floresta Nacional do Tapajós, na região oeste do estado do Pará, na Amazônia brasileira.

Methods: The present study was carried out in the Tapajós National Forest (or FLONA), a sustainable use Conservation Unit in the eastern Amazon, in the west of the state of Pará. Blood samples were obtained by puncturing the ulnar vein (wing) using a microhematocrit capillary tube, after which blood smears were made in duplicate and stained using the Romanowsky principle with Giemsa dye to evaluate the morphotypes of Trypanosomatidae. Light microscopy was used for the investigation of hemoparasites. The Zen Blue Edition 2 software package was used to determine the morphometric characteristics of Trypanosomatidae.

Resultado: A presença de hemoparasitos na forma tripomastigota foi observada em espécimes de Thamnophilidae, Dendrocolaptidae e Conopophagidae, com baixa prevalência e alta intensidade média. A análise morfométrica também foi realizada, e apenas um morfotipo de Trypanosoma spp. foi detectado.

Conclusão: No entanto, estudos que combinem as ferramentas morfológicas aqui descritas, biologia molecular e análise ecológica, são recomendados para esclarecer aspectos relacionados aos possíveis hospedeiros e vetores desses parasitos, e aprimorar as técnicas taxonômicas que descrevem a diversidade de Trypanosoma em aves em Amazônia brasileira.

 

Palavras-chave : Hemoparasitas, morfologia, táxon negligenciado, Trypanosoma e Brasil.
Multi-Domain Concept of Using A2/AD Capabilities in the Military Strategy of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Jan Kochanowski University (Poland), Banasik Mirosław
Published: December 2023

This article presents the results of research, which set out to clarify the importance and role played by the concept of using A2/AD capabilities in the military strategy of the Russian Federation. Analysis and criticism of the literature were used to solve the research problems. In order to guide the research process, a hypothesis was formulated, assuming that the Russian concept of using A2/AD capabilities is an operationalisation of a broader military strategy for defeating the adversary, as well as an effective deterrence mechanism. The research process established that the Russian concept of using A2/AD capabilities is a theory and operational practice, a broader military strategy of achieving multi-domain superiority over the adversary by conducting strategic offensive operations. Integrating offensive and defensive operational capabilities plays a key role in this concept, which guarantees possession of the strategic initiative and maintenance of dominance in the international security environment and supports the idea of creating Russian spheres of influence. It also prompts NATO states to counter the supremacy of the Russian Federation.
Co-Creation and Enhanced Youth Participation in Local Decision-Making: The Perception of Public Sector Readiness
Authors:   Karlstad University (Sweden), Narbutaite Aflaki Inga , Hallik Maarja ,   Tallinn University (Estonia), Nordberg Kenneth ,   Åbo Akademi University (Finland), Kangro Kadri ,   Tallinn University (Estonia)
Published: December 2023

The reverted demographic pyramid makes youth a decreasing percentage of our increasingly ageing population, leaving youth groups with less power and chances to influence the future of public policies and services through established participation channels. There is a potential risk of losing the interests of broader, including less heard, youth groups in democratic decision-making and implementation. Research evidence shows that we need to broaden knowledge and accountability towards these groups by including them more in co-creation to secure their trust and meaningful policy impact. One major way to improve trust in the public sector is by enhancing the abilities of professionals, managers, politicians and NGOs to co-create public and individual values with youth groups for better services and solutions instead of acting and making decisions on their behalf. Also, cross-sector collaboration among institutional units or stakeholders from different sectors on a local scale is often required to enhance the value of services or local community decisions. This paper explores from a comparative perspective the local government’s readiness for enhanced democratic participation and co-creation of public services and public value with youth. Based on document studies, interviews and cross-sectoral learning dialogues between engaged researchers, public sector and NGO representatives conducted in three countries – Sweden, Finland, and Estonia – the paper illustrates the current perceptions of public professionals and managers regarding their approach to co-creation with youth and the public sector roles, readiness and perceived gaps. The paper distinguishes between the municipal ambitions of enhanced youth participation and co-creation.
“It was just so hard”: ineffable just as a mixed expressive
Authors: Manetta Emily Walker , Bhatia Ian
Published: December 2023

A highly productive debate has arisen over the past two decades concerning the division of labor between semantics and pragmatics in building meaning (Potts 2005; Kennedy and McNally 2005; Sauerland 2012; Roberts 2012; Coppock and Beaver 2014; Gutzmann 2019 i.a.). In this article we illustrate the depth of integration of context-independent and context-dependent meaning through a close analysis of the exclusive operator (EO) just. Recent accounts of the many distinct guises of EO just have proposed a unified shared function: quantification over sets of alternatives (Horn 2000; Orenstein 2015; Wiegand/Windhearn 2017, 2021; Beltrama 2021). We identify here an entirely new surface manifestation of just in the StoryListening Corpus (a set of bereavement narratives elicited during the COVID-19 pandemic), which we term ‘ineffability just’ and argue it serves as a mixed expressive (McCready 2010; Gutzmann 2012). It encodes both descriptive content as a new flavor of exclusive operator (Beltrama 2021), and simultaneously expressive content (Potts 2005, 2007) signaling that the speaker is at a loss for words in the moment to describe an experience more completely because of their affective response to its profound nature.
Creative Industries in Russia and the World: State, Trends and Problems of Development Management
Authors: Koroleva Irina , Sokolova Irina
Published: December 2023

In the modern world, more and more countries are paying attention to the development of an economy based on intellectual labor, scientific achievements, culture, innovation and creativity. The economic value of such an economy goes beyond the simple production of cultural goods or employment of creative people; it plays an important role in changing the entire economy of the country. The review of modern economic academic literature has shown a lack of a unified approach to the terminology and content of the concept of such an economy. The study discusses main approaches to the concepts of "creative economy" and "creative industries", as well as to the composition of their activities. We examined the differences between the content of the concepts of "creative economy", "innovative economy" and "knowledge economy". A study of the state and main trends of creative industries in the world and Russia is being conducted. We found that creative industries in Russia are actively developing, but so far they cannot meet the needs of the domestic market with a significant potential for import substitution. We studied main problems of managing the development of the creative economy in Russia such as methodological, institutional, coordination, legislative, infra structural, copyright, financial and personnel problems. The main prospects for the development of the creative economy in Russia are determined.