bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lambdoid synostosis: endoscopic craniectomy
Authors: Jimenez David F.
Published: April 2021

Lambdoid craniosynostosis leads to significant deformational changes of the calvaria and cranial fossae. Surgery used to treat the condition typically consists of a calvarial vault remodeling (CVR) procedure whereby the entire occiput is removed and reshaped along with a bandeau advancement to give the patient a rounded occiput. As an option, this video presents the minimally invasive endoscopic craniectomy used at the author's institution, which was developed there and has been successfully used for 25 years. This procedure is simple and can be done rapidly, with minimal to no blood loss. The video details the key steps necessary to successfully perform the procedure.

The video can be found here: https://vimeo.com/515746378.
Gigli saw facilitates safe minimal access sagittal suturectomy in infants
Authors: Lober Robert M. , Vachhrajani Shobhan , Mancho Salim , Kamian Kambiz
Published: April 2021

The authors describe the use of the Gigli saw for craniectomy in minimal access surgery to address sagittal craniosynostosis. This modification allows for supine positioning and avoidance of potential brain compression with endoscopic instruments, and provides visually clear, safe, and facile removal of the fused suture and surrounding calvaria.

The video can be found here: https://vimeo.com/511568750.
Analisis Pengaruh Free Cash Flow, Kebijakan Dividen, dan Kepemilikan Saham Manajerial terhadap Nilai Perusahaan (Studi Kasus pada Bank BUMN periode 2010-2019)
Authors:   Politeknik Negeri Balikpapan, Yulianti Ristika , Suriana Ida ,   Politeknik Negeri Balikpapan, Kusno Hendra Sanjaya ,   Politeknik Negeri Balikpapan
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui analisis pengaruh free cash flow kebijakan dividen, dan kepemilikan saham manajerial terhadap nilai perusahaan (studi kasus pada Bank BUMN periode 2010-2019). Data diperoleh dari laporan keuangan tahunan yang dipublikasikan Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2010-2019. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh. Metode penelitian ini yaitu kuantitatif. Model analisis data yang digunakan adalah model analisis regresi linier berganda dan teknik yang digunakan untuk uji hipotesis adalah uji simultan (F) statistik dan uji parsial (t) statistik. Selain itu, juga dilakukan uji asumsi klasik berupa uji normalitas, uji multikoloniearitas, uji autokorelasi dan uji heterokedastisitas. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian hipotesis menyimpulkan bahwa free cash flow, kebijakan dividen, dan kepemilikan saham manajerial secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Berdasarkan uji parsial (t) disimpulkan bahwa free cash flow berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan, kebijakan dividen tidak berpengaruh dan tidak signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan, dan kepemilikan saham manajerial tidak berpengaruh dan tidak signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan.
Atmospheric Archives: Gender and Climate Knowledge in Colonial Tasmania
Authors: Mercer Harriet
Published: April 2021

There is a rich cache of letters detailing the production of climate knowledge at Tasmania's Hobart Observatory in the early nineteenth century. By contrast, a mere handful of sentences survive in the written record to describe the production of climate knowledge outside the Hobart Observatory, in Tasmania's north-east. In this paper, I confront the question of what to do with these unbalanced archival remains. I draw on the work of social and cultural historians as well as historians of colonialism and science to advocate a three-pronged methodology for approaching the problem of the unbalanced atmospheric archives. The application of this methodology, I show, reveals the way gender relations shaped the way atmospheric knowledge was both produced and used by historical actors in colonial Tasmania.
Health, Hearth and Empire: Climate, Race and Reproduction in British India and Western Australia
Authors: Morgan Ruth A.
Published: April 2021

In the wake of the Indian Uprising in 1857, British sanitary campaigner and statistician Florence Nightingale renewed her efforts to reform Britain's military forces at home and in India. With the Uprising following so soon after the Crimean War (1854-56), where poor sanitary conditions had also taken an enormous toll, in 1859 Nightingale pressed the British Parliament to establish a Royal Commission on the Sanitary State of the Army in India, which delivered its report in 1863. Western Australia was the only colony to present its case before the Commissioners as an ideal location for a foreign sanatorium, with glowing assessments offered by colonial elites and military physicians. In the meantime, Nightingale had also commenced an investigation into the health of Indigenous children across the British Empire. Nearly 150 schools responded to her survey from Ceylon, Natal, West Africa, Canada and Australia. The latter's returns came from just three schools in Western Australia: New Norcia, Annesfield in Albany and the Sisters of Mercy in Perth, which together yielded the highest death rate of the respondents.
Although Nightingale herself saw these inquiries as separate, their juxtaposition invites closer analysis of the ways in which metropolitan elites envisioned particular racial futures for Anglo and indigenous populations of empire, and sought to steer them accordingly. The reports reflect prevailing expectations and anxieties about the social and biological reproduction of white society in the colonies, and the concomitant decline of Indigenous peoples. Read together, these two inquiries reveal the complex ways in which colonial matters of reproduction and dispossession, displacement and replacement, were mutually constituting concerns of empire. In this article I situate the efforts to attract white women and their wombs to the temperate colony of Western Australia from British India in the context of contemporary concerns about Anglo and Aboriginal mortality. In doing so, I reflect on the intersections of gender, race, medicine and environment in the imaginaries of empire in the mid-nineteenth century.
Muscle activities of lower extremity and erector spinae muscles according to ankle joint position during squat exercise
Authors: Sung Ha-Rim , Oh Se-Jung , Ryu Jun-Nam , Cha Yong-Jun
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the most effective ankle joint position for squat exercise by comparing muscle activities of lower extremity and erector spinae muscles in different ankle joint positions. METHODS: Thirty-seven normal healthy adults in their 20s participated in this study. Muscle activities of dominant vastus medialis oblique, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, and erect spinae were measured in three ankle joint positions; dorsiflexion, neutral, and plantar flexion. RESULTS: Muscle activities of the vastus medialis oblique, vastus lateralis, and erector spinae muscles were statistically different in the three ankle joint positions during squat exercise (p< 0.05). Vastus medialis oblique muscles showed higher muscle activity in ankle plantar flexion than in the dorsiflexion or neutral positions (plantar flexion > neutral position, +3.3% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC); plantar flexion > dorsiflexion, +12.2% of MVIC, respectively). Vastus lateralis muscles showed 7.1% of MVIC greater muscle activity in the neutral position than in dorsiflexion, and erector spinae muscles showed higher muscle activity in dorsiflexion than in plantar flexion or in the neutral position (dorsiflexion > neutral position, +4.3% of MVIC; dorsiflexion > plantar flexion, +7.1% of MVIC, respectively). CONCLUSION: In squat exercises designed to strengthen the vastus medialis oblique, ankle joint plantar flexion is probably the most effective ankle training position, and the dorsiflexion position might be the most effective exercise for strengthening the erector spinae muscle.
Does paravertebral ozone injection have efficacy as an additional treatment for acute lumbar disc herniation? A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Authors: Sucuoğlu Hamza , Soydaş Nalan
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVE: In this study we investigate the effects of paravertebral ozone injections (POI), which have been used as a new treatment approach for lower back pain in recent years, on pain and physical activity in patients with acute lumbar disc herniation (LDH) as an additional treatment. METHODS: Thirty-eight patients were assigned into the ozone therapy (OT) group (n= 20) and placebo control (PC) group (n= 18). Both groups received two sessions per week, a total of 8 sessions of lumbar POI. The ozone concentrations of 20–25 μg/ml (30 ml) and 0.1 μg/ml (30 ml) were administered to the OT and PC groups, respectively. The patients were assessed with the visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) before the treatment (V1), 15 (V2) and 30 (V3) days after the treatment started, and one month (V4) after the treatment ended. RESULTS: A significant improvement was seen in the VAS and ODI scores in the final follow-up (V4) as compared with the baselines scores (V1) in both groups (P< 0.05). The patients in the OT group had lower mean VAS and ODI scores in V2, V3, and V4 follow-ups compared with the patients in the PC group. This significant difference reached its peak in the final follow-up (V4) (P< 0.05). CONCLUSION: As an additional treatment combined with conservative treatment, lumbar POI can lessen pain and disability in patients with acute LDH.
Interception of automated adversarial drone swarms in partially observed environments
Authors: Saranovic Daniel , Pavlovski Martin , Power William , Stojkovic Ivan , Obradovic Zoran
Published: April 2021

As the prevalence of drones increases, understanding and preparing for possible adversarial uses of drones and drone swarms is of paramount importance. Correspondingly, developing defensive mechanisms in which swarms can be used to protect against adversarial Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is a problem that requires further attention. Prior work on intercepting UAVs relies mostly on utilizing additional sensors or uses the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation, for which strong conditions need to be met to guarantee the existence of a saddle-point solution. To that end, this work proposes a novel interception method that utilizes the swarm’s onboard PID controllers for setting the drones’ states during interception. The drone’s states are constrained only by their physical limitations, and only partial feedback of the adversarial drone’s positions is assumed. The new framework is evaluated in a virtual environment under different environmental and model settings, using random simulations of more than 165,000 swarm flights. For certain environmental settings, our results indicate that the interception performance of larger swarms under partial observation is comparable to that of a one-drone swarm under full observation of the adversarial drone.
Passively-Measured Routine Home Computer Activity and Application Use Can Detect Mild Cognitive Impairment and Correlate with Important Cognitive Functions in Older Adulthood
Authors: Bernstein John P.K. , Dorociak Katherine E. , Mattek Nora , Leese Mira , Beattie Zachary T. , Kaye Jeffrey A. , Hughes Adriana
Published: April 2021

Background: Computer use is a cognitively complex instrumental activity of daily living (IADL) that has been linked to cognitive functioning in older adulthood, yet little work has explored its capacity to detect incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Objective: To examine whether routine home computer use (general computer use as well as use of specific applications) could effectively discriminate between older adults with and without MCI, as well as explore associations between use of common computer applications and cognitive domains known to be important for IADL performance. Methods: A total of 60 community-dwelling older adults (39 cognitively healthy, 21 with MCI) completed a neuropsychological evaluation at study baseline and subsequently had their routine home computer use behaviors passively recorded for three months. Results: Compared to those with MCI, cognitively healthy participants spent more time using the computer, had a greater number of computer sessions, and had an earlier mean time of first daily computer session. They also spent more time using email and word processing applications, and used email, search, and word processing applications on a greater number of days. Better performance in several cognitive domains, but in particular memory and language, was associated with greater frequency of browser, word processing, search, and game application use. Conclusion: Computer and application use are useful in identifying older adults with MCI. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether decreases in overall computer use and specific computer application use are predictors of incident cognitive decline.
RETRACTED: Design and dynamics simulation of vehicle active occupant restraint protection system
Authors: Xiang Zhongke , Xiang Feifei
Published: April 2021

This article has been retracted, and the online PDF has been watermarked ``RETRACTION''. The retraction notice is available at http://doi.org/10.3233/JCM239002. The article Design and dynamics simulation of vehicle active occupant restraint protection system, by Zhongke Xiang, and Feifei Xiang, originally published in Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering, vol. 21, no. 5, pp. 1385--1396, 2021 (DOI: 10.3233/JCM-214763) has been retracted on the initiative of the authors. The authors state: ``Because the system designed in this paper has major defects in principle, there is the possibility of causing road traffic accidents, and the implementation mechanism designed in this paper has the possibility of causing physical injury to the test subjects or drivers. Without avoiding the occurrence of these circumstances, the authors applied for retraction. In addition, some charts and contents of the paper incorrectly quote the master's degree thesis of the author's research project partner, and both sides have different views on the correctness and rationality of the above contents. To avoid controversy, the author applied for retraction''. For further enquiries regarding background of the retraction please contact corresponding author Zhongke Xiang, E-mail: xiangzke@126.com. The article was published as version of record on 1 November 2021 and retracted formally on 31 July 2023. The publisher has updated the original online PDF with the word ``RETRACTED'' and removed all content.
Fully convolutional networks semantic segmentation based on conditional random field optimization
Authors: Wu Qian , Gu Jinan , Wu Chen , Li Jin
Published: April 2021

Each pixel can be classified in the image by the semantic segmentation. The segmentation detection results of pixel level can be got which are similar to the contour of the target object. However, the results of semantic segmentation trained by Fully convolutional networks often lead to the loss of detail information. This paper proposes a CRF-FCN model based on CRF optimization. Firstly, the original image is detected based on feature pyramid networks, and the target area information is extracted, which is used to train the high-order potential function of CRF. Then, the high-order CRF is used as the back-end of the complete convolution network to optimize the semantic image segmentation. The algorithm comparison experiment shows that our algorithm makes the target details more obvious, and improves the accuracy and efficiency of semantic segmentation.
Study on financial risk prediction of enterprises based on logistic regression
Authors: Qi Qiaoyun
Published: April 2021

Financial risk has a great influence on the development of enterprises, and the prediction of financial risk can help enterprises to treat risks early. In order to realize the prediction of enterprise financial risk, find the risk as early as possible and make a response as soon as possible, according to the principle of predictability and reliability, this study selected 15 financial indicators from aspects of debt repayment level, profit level, operation level, growth level, and cash level, then predicted the risk by the logistic regression model, and analyzed the risk of 36 pairs of enterprises. The results showed that the model designed in this study had an accuracy rate of 91.67%, and the risk of a company was successfully predicted based on the financial situation of the company from 2018 to 2020, which verified the reliability of the method. Thus the model can effectively predict the financial risk of enterprises, and it can be further promoted and applied to ensure the long-term development of enterprises and establish a good market environment.
Topology detection of a distribution network based on adaptive state observer
Authors: Xiao Yong , Zeng Yonggang , Zhao Yun , Lu Yuxin , Lin Weibin
Published: April 2021

The traditional distribution network lacks real-time topology information, which makes the implementation of smart grid complicated. The smart grid needs to monitor and dispatch the grid to maintain the economic and safe operation of the system. In this paper, we propose a topology detection algorithm of the distribution network based on adaptive state observer. Based on the transient dynamic model of the distribution network, the line states of the distribution network are regarded as unknown parameters, a virtual adaptive state observation network is built, and the topology can be inferred by the changes of adaptive state parameters. Finally, the effectiveness of our algorithm is verified by the MATLAB simulation experiments.
Sampo-UI: A full stack JavaScript framework for developing semantic portal user interfaces
Authors: Ikkala Esko , Hyvönen Eero , Rantala Heikki , Koho Mikko
Published: April 2021

This paper presents a new software framework, Sampo-UI, for developing user interfaces for semantic portals. The goal is to provide the end-user with multiple application perspectives to Linked Data knowledge graphs, and a two-step usage cycle based on faceted search combined with ready-to-use tooling for data analysis. For the software developer, the Sampo-UI framework makes it possible to create highly customizable, user-friendly, and responsive user interfaces using current state-of-the-art JavaScript libraries and data from SPARQL endpoints, while saving substantial coding effort. Sampo-UI is published on GitHub under the open MIT License and has been utilized in several internal and external projects. The framework has been used thus far in creating six published and five forth-coming portals, mostly related to the Cultural Heritage domain, that have had tens of thousands of end-users on the Web.
Aula invertida en Pediatría: percepción de estudiantes de Medicina durante la pandemia de Covid-19
Authors: Maldonado Calderon María José , Agudelo Pérez Sergio , Upegui Mojica Daniel , Becerra Uribe Natalia
Published: April 2021

El Aula invertida es un enfoque de enseñanza y aprendizaje innovador que ha demostrado ser efectivo en el área de la salud. En el contexto actual de confinamiento, se adapta sustituyendo la presencialidad por la tutoría en línea o la telepresencialidad. El presente estudio describe la percepción de los estudiantes de pregrado de Medicina de la Universidad de la Sabana de la asignatura de Pediatría, con respecto a las clases dictadas mediante la metodología de Aula invertida con sesiones sincrónicas remotas ante la pandemia por COVID-19, durante el periodo comprendido entre junio y noviembre de 2020. En este estudio participó el 93,3% de los estudiantes matriculados en el curso de pediatría de la Universidad, la muestra estuvo constituida por 70 estudiantes, con un promedio de edad de 22 años, de los cuales 30% eran hombres y 70% mujeres,Instrumento de percepción invertido en el aula. Se identificó una percepción general favorable en cada punto a evaluar, superando siempre el 70% de aceptación entre los estudiantes. Se evidenció una percepción positiva de la metodología del Aula invertida por parte de los estudiantes de medicina que cursaron la asignatura de pediatría. Se sugiere la realización de un estudio a mediano y largo plazo con el fin de evidenciar si esta metodología impacta en los resultados académicos de los estudiantes frente a los métodos de enseñanza tradicional.
The Implementation of Good Governance Practices in Service Provisions to the Citizens in Addis Ababa City Administration: The Case of Yeka Sub-City
Authors: Duguma Daba Moti , Kompuok Chuol R.
Published: April 2021

Addis Ababa city administration is known for its poor implementation of good governance to the public. The main objective of the study is to assess the implementation of good governance while rendering services to the ordinary citizens. The research methodology employs both quantitative and qualitative approaches using data collection instruments with the IBM SPSS statistical packagxe vs. 21. The findings indicate favourable results in meeting the needs of citizens. To that effect, a number of issues are discussed: good governance that is effective and efficient, transparent and open, accountable; participation, leadership direction and strategic vision; fairness and equity; governance that is consensus oriented, responsive in service provision; and governance that follows the rule of law. Although the implementation process has brought tangible results, it is not free from some challenges. In conclusion, both achievements and failures were observed. Thus, understanding customers’ expectations in service provisions, systematising customers’ feedback, and continuously raising the staff’s awareness are the recommendations identified for future development.
Language Law and Policy of the Federal Government of Ethiopia: Implications for Fair Trial and the Rights of Non-Amharic Language Speakers Accused
Authors: Hailu Yemserach Legesse
Published: April 2021

Ethiopia is a multilingual country with a federal form of state structure. The 1995 Constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (FDRE Constitution) gave equal recognition for all Ethiopian languages, but has chosen Amharic to become the working language of the Federal Government. In order to accommodate the needs of non-Amharic speakers in the provision of public services, the Constitution and other laws such as the Criminal Procedure Code, require the use of interpreters. Particularly in criminal proceedings, non-Amharic speakers are entitled to be assisted with a ‘qualified’ interpreter to meaningfully participate in the cases. In practice, it is observed that accused people who do not speak the working language of the federal government are unable to effectively understand or get prompt and detailed information regarding the nature and effect of the case brought against them. Even if they know the case, they are not able to effectively explain their defences to the court or associated bodies, and thereby defend their rights. This study reveals that non-Amharic speakers are not effectively served according to the legal standards. This problem subsists mainly due to the absence or limited number of interpreters, as well as the use of untrained interpreters. Despite some efforts to address the problem, the federal government has not yet laid down any formal mechanism by which people with limited and/or no Amharic language proficiency are properly served in criminal proceedings both before and during trial. This study proposes the federal government to establish court interpreter training institutions and to standardise court interpretation by allocating the necessary budget; lay down a formal mechanism such as enacting detailed laws and working manuals for assigning interpreters; providing other local languages the status of working language; consulting interpretation technologies and working in collaboration with different stakeholders.
Sistem Pakar Identifikasi Hama Pada Tanaman Cabai dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Kualitas Cabai
Authors: Rohmat Cep Lukman , Suarna Nana , Rahaningsih Nining , Sriyulia Elisa
Published: April 2021

The lack of supply of chili in the market causes the price to rise sharply. The price of chillies is almost unreasonable to far beyond the price of meat. Gray (Spodoptera litura) and Fungus colletotrichum are two of the main causes of chili plants which cause many chili plants to die or fail to harvest. must experience failure due to a lack of understanding of the beginning of the pest attacking the plants. In addition, the attack on chili plants is a high risk that must be faced by farmers.In this study using the Forward Chaining Method. Forward Chaining is an inference process that starts the search from the premise or input data in the form of symptoms leading to conclusions, namely the conclusion of pests that attack chilli plants and provide solutions for advice on handling and prevention based on observed symptoms. Data used from pest data caused by small animals such as caterpillars and flies.The results are expected to be able to identify quickly, precisely and accurately the chili plants. In addition, it is expected to be able to help farmers in anticipating the symptoms of the occurrence of pests in chili plants from an early age so that preventive measures will be taken immediately. Accuracy and accuracy are needed in identifying the symptoms of pest in accordance with the expected results.
Sistem Informasi Pengalokasian Biaya Bahan Baku dengan Metode Harga Pokok Pesanan pada PT. Dian Karya Estate
Authors: Rahaningsih Nining , Dana Raditya Danar , Suarna Nana , Kurniarti Sri Muflikah
Published: April 2021

Raw material costs are an important part of company operations, so we need a system that can accurately present raw material cost data which will be used as consideration for the company in making decisions. The system that is currently running at Kinaya Residence still uses a manual system so it is difficult to find accurate information. Based on the results of preliminary research, it can be concluded that in processing raw material costs using the cost of order method with the following characteristics 1) The nature of production is intermittent depending on on orders received, 2) The shape of the product depends on the specifications of the customer, 3) Collection of production costs is done on the order cost card, 4) the total production cost is calculated after the order is completed, 5) The production cost per unit is calculated, by dividing the total production cost by the total units ordered, 6) Accumulated costs generally use normal costs, 7) Products that have been completed are immediately handed over to the customer. Then to design a raw material cost allocation system that uses traditional methods with the programming language used is Hypertext Preprocessor. With this information system for allocating raw material costs, it is hoped that the presentation of financial reports about raw materials in companies can be done easily, quickly and accurately.
Perancangan Arsitektur Sistem Informasi Tugas Akhir dan Skripsi Berbasis Website di Universitas Ma’soem
Authors: Hamdani Firman
Published: April 2021

One of the activities at Ma'soem University is the Registration of Final Projects for Diploma Three (D3) students and Thesis for Undergraduate students (S1). Currently, the registration process for the Final Project and Thesis is still done manually, where students must come directly to the campus to register, pay and fill out the title submission form. Meanwhile, for the preparation of seminar schedules, honoraria and final and thesis report, data processing is still using Ms. Excel. From these activities, several obstacles were found regarding information on Final Projects and Thesis, including: 1. Limited payment and registration services for Final Projects and Thesis, which can only be served on campus during working hours and days from Monday to Saturday 07.30 to 21.30 WIB. 2. Filling in the Final Project and Thesis forms manually, there is a risk of damage and loss of data. 3. Do not have a database yet, so that it is difficult to validate data on the same Final Project Title and Thesis submitted by students. 4. The process of making seminar and final project honorarium reports and thesis sessions takes a long time, and cannot be generated automatically. In this study, the system development method used is the OOAD (Object Oriented Analysis and Design) method with the RUP (Rational Unified Process) model, which consists of several stages, namely: Business Modeling, Requirments, Analysis and Design, Implementation, Test, Deployment. As for the system development tools using UML (Unified Modeling Language) which consists of: Use Case Diagrams, Activity Diagrams and Class Diagrams. With the design of the information system architecture of this Final Project and Thesis, it produces a blueprint that can: Provide payment and registration services for Final Projects and Theses that are not limited by space and time, minimize the occurrence of damage and data loss, make it easier to validate submissions for the title of Final Project the same and can facilitate the process of making seminar and final project honorarium reports and thesis reports so that they can be generated automatically.
Perbandingan Interpretasi Analisis Data Page View dan Click Related Post Pada Website Edukasi Sebagai Implisit Feedback Dengan Hasil Interpretasi Penggunaan Teknologi EyeTracking
Authors: Lazwardi Riad Taufik , Umam Khoirul
Published: April 2021

The analysis used in this study uses the help of Google Analytics to understand how the user's behavior on the Calculus learning material educational website page. Are users interested in recommendation articles? The answer to this question provides insight into the user's decision process and suggests how far a click is the result of an informed decision. Based on these results, it is hoped that a strategy to generate feedback from clicks should emerge. To evaluate the extent to which feedback shows relevance, versus implicit feedback to explicit feedback collected manually. The study presented in this study differs in at least two ways from previous work assessing the reliability of implicit feedback. First, this study aims to provide detailed insight into the user decision-making process through the use of a recommendation system with an implicit feedback feature. Second, evaluate the relative preferences that come from user behavior (user behavior). This differs from previous studies which primarily assessed absolute feedback.
IMPACT OF USE ON RELEASE PROCESSES IN AUSTENITIC STEEL TP347HFG
Authors: Purzyńska Hanna , Golański Grzegorz , Kwiecień Michał , Paryż Dariusz
Published: April 2021

The article presents an analysis of precipitation processes in heat-resistant TP347HFG steel after 41,000 h of operation at 585°C. Microstructure investigation showed that the use of the tested steel resulted mainly in the precipitation processes occurring at grain boundaries. Identification of the precipitates showed the presence of M23C6 carbides and σ phase particles along boundaries. Single M23C6 carbide particles were revealed also at twin boundaries. Inside austenite grains, apart from large, primary precipitates, finely-dispersed secondary NbX particles (X = C,N) were also observed.
La internacionalización de los Mapuche: entre pueblo indígena y nación
Authors: Barnier-Khawam Pablo
Published: April 2021

El presente trabajo surge de la contradicción entre el creciente llamado a ser miembro del mundo global, y el desarrollo de identidades particulares que se constituyen a partir de las posibilidades que emanan de esa integración en el espacio global. Lo anterior muestra que la internacionalización, que se divide en una dinámica nacional de proyección internacional y una dinámica internacional de penetración nacional, es clave en la construcción identitaria de los mapuche. La metodología del trabajo se funda en una perspectiva comprensiva del fenómeno en base a la realización de entrevistas a diversos actores, la consulta de archivos, y una observación participante en el interior del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de Chile. Los resultados de esta investigación muestran que la internacionalización de los mapuche conduce a la división de su identidad entre dos referentes de identificación que son el de “indígena” y el de “nación”, cada uno con discursos y prácticas específicas.
Cacerolazo: emociones y memoria en el movimiento estudiantil 2011
Authors: Ortiz Ruiz Nicolás
Published: April 2021

El artículo revisa las experiencias de cuatro activistas involucrados/as en las protestas del 4 de agosto en el contexto del movimiento estudiantil del mismo año. A través de sus relatos es posible ver la irrupción de memoria de la dictadura, producto de las emociones de rabia e impotencia ante la extrema violencia policial de aquel día. Estas emociones son expresadas y enmarcadas a través del repertorio del cacerolazo, el cual contextualiza la lucha por la educación pública con la lucha contra la dictadura.
Acciones de participación social, identidad y emociones de estudiantes chilenos de una universidad privada
Authors: Villagrán Valenzuela Loreto , Reyes Valenzuela Carlos , Wlodarczyk Annia
Published: April 2021

Chile presenta una larga data de movilizaciones relacionadas con el acceso a la educación, adquiriendo en la última década gran notoriedad el Movimiento Estudiantil (ME) que ha vinculado a estudiantes del sistema público o de universidades pertenecientes el Consejo de Rectores en quienes se han focalizado principalmente las investigaciones. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue analizar la relación entre la identidad colectiva (IC), identidad politizada (IP), emociones (E) y acciones de participación social (PS) en estudiantes de una universidad privada. En el estudio participaron 224 estudiantes de la carrera Psicología de una universidad privada chilena, con edades entre 19 y 33 años. Los resultados identifican mayores acciones de PS en hombres, con alta influencia de las emociones positivas y negativas en activar tales acciones. Por otro lado, en estudiantes que perciben una IC, las emociones de esperanza, vergüenza e impotencia median las acciones de PS y en los estudiantes con una alta IP, solo la emoción de la vergüenza media la participación. Se discuten las implicaciones de estos hallazgos y de las posibilidades y limitaciones que se presentan para los estudiantes universitarios participar en el ME desde una universidad privada.
Continuidades y rupturas: La política de salud sexual y reproductiva chilena en cuatro gobiernos
Authors: Cubillos Almendra Javiera
Published: April 2021

Chile fue el primer país latinoamericano en aborda la sexualidad como asunto público (1967), a partir de la instalación de programas internacionales de planificación familiar. Desde entonces, la política pública sobre salud sexual y reproductiva ha seguido una trayectoria fluctuante, pudiendo identificarse diferentes énfasis y marcos de interpretación: vinculados al control demográfico, la religión católica, a la salud pública y, más recientemente, a los derechos humanos. Si bien el itinerario de esta política es más extenso, el presente artículo propone un análisis comparativo –a partir de la revisión de documentos políticos y entrevista a actores clave— sobre las iniciativas emprendidas por los últimos cuatro gobiernos (2000-2018), integrando una perspectiva de género. El propósito es identificar énfasis, continuidades y rupturas, en cada mandato presidencial, en la garantía de los derechos sexuales y reproductivos.
Redefiniendo la sostenibilidad desde una perspectiva situada: desafíos de museos comunitarios del sur de Chile
Authors: Fúquene Giraldo Laura , Blanco Wells Gustavo , Weil G. Karin
Published: April 2021

A partir de la identificación de dimensiones de sostenibilidad, tanto en los ámbitos museológicos como del desarrollo, se encuentran afinidades epistémicas respecto a lo que representa la sostenibilidad para los museos y las comunidades en un plano más amplio. Se analiza cómo museos de pequeña escala, con aciertos y limitaciones, aportan a la sostenibilidad y desarrollo de la comunidad a la que pertenecen. Mediante la caracterización y análisis de tres casos de estudio en la Región de los Ríos, Chile, se identifican dimensiones sinérgicas que desde lo empírico aportan a la discusión teórica sobre la sostenibilidad y valores relacionales como la colaboración, reciprocidad y pertinencia. Se concluye que la proyección de este tipo de museos, se asienta, primero, en la capacidad de ejercer reflexión crítica, segundo, en la construcción de nuevas racionalidades ambientales y culturales y, tercero, en la aparición de nuevos actores sociales cuyas disposiciones afectivas viabilicen la sostenibilidad situadamente.
Apuntes iniciales para la construcción de una Ecología Política Feminista de y desde Latinoamérica
Authors: Arriagada Oyarzún Evelyn , Zambra Álvarez Antonia
Published: April 2021

La Ecología Política se ha convertido en uno de los enfoques más relevantes para el abordaje de las relaciones ecológico-distributivas en Latinoamérica, generando una corriente intelectual y política con fuerza propia. Sin embargo, sus debates conceptuales han tendido a centrarse en el eje de clase, con un desarrollo menor en otros ejes, como el género. Considerando que las disputas ambientales han demostrado efectos y respuestas diferenciadas entre hombres y mujeres,el presente artículo plantea la necesidad de una Ecología Política Feminista(EPF) al interior de la Ecología Política Latinoamericana. Para ello, se revisan los orígenes y trayectoria de la EPF en el Norte y de los ecofeminismos del Sur y se presenta una revisión situada de trabajos recientes en ambos hemisferios. Con ello, se busca esbozar algunos ejes de articulación, donde los aportes de nuestra región construyan un diálogo crítico y proyecten caminos para la EFP global.
Ecología Política Latinoamericana
Authors: De la Cuadra Fernando , Elizalde Hevia Antonio
Published: April 2021

La crisis ambiental y ecológica que amenaza la existencia de la vida en el planeta es un fenómeno indesmentible, tal como se puede constatar en diversos estudios y trabajos realizados por organismos internacionales, agencias multilaterales, universidades, centros de investigación, consultoras, etc. En efecto, la evidencia acumulada en las últimas décadas demuestra de forma fehaciente que existe un agotamiento del modelo productivista y predatorio que pone en riesgo, cada vez con mayor intensidad, las bases materiales de la vida sobre la Tierra. El siglo XXI continúa acumulando desastres y catástrofes ambientales generadas por la acción humana, específicamente de las grandes empresas emisoras de CO2. De hecho, en el último informe del Panel Intergubernamental de Expertos sobre el Cambio Climático (IPCC) se ha señalado que la humanidad deberá realizar esfuerzos de gran alcance y sin precedentes para limitar el calentamiento global a 1,5° C.
Afectando el porvenir de los cuerpos: micropolíticas de la inseguridad neoliberal
Authors: Costa Corrêa Murilo Duarte , De Andrade e Souza Karoline Coelho
Published: April 2021

A partir de la articulación progresiva de las nociones de márgenes, pathos y cuerpos, nos apoyamos en la técnica del ensayo para describir cómo las micro-políticas de la inseguridad producen subjetividades específicas y funcionales en el contexto de un capitalismo en trasformación. Las descripciones que Foucault y Deleuze hicieran sobre las sociedades disciplinarias y de control son reinterpretadas bajo la luz de sus premisas sobre el cuerpo y desde la clave de lectura de las trasformaciones neoliberales operadas globalmente a través de mecanismos de seguridad y previsión en los años 1970 y 1980, y más tarde en países latinoamericanos. Tal relectura también se beneficia de un movimiento de avance, proporcionado por pensadores italianos contemporáneos como Lazzarato, Virilio y Berardi, los cuales señalan que la distribución desigual de la inseguridad neoliberal y la gestión a través del miedo, fuentes de una micro-política global, constituyen factores que, afectando los cuerpos, imponen los márgenes que controlan y gobiernan su porvenir.
Las emociones del comer cotidiano: mujeres entre el asco, la culpa y la vergüenza.
Authors: Boragnio Aldana
Published: April 2021

En el presente artículo expondremos las emociones ligadas a las prácticas del comer cotidianas de mujeres empleadas de oficinas públicas de la Administración Pública Nacional Argentina, centrándonos en los aportes teóricos de la sociología de los cuerpos/emociones. El presente trabajo parte de una investigación, en donde se buscaba conocer la configuración de las emociones y las prácticas del comer de dichas mujeres. Para ello se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad a mujeres de entre 22 y 56 años con variedad de años de experiencia laboral en oficinas públicas.Como principales resultados, se observa que el asco, la culpa y la vergüenza se constituyen como las emociones ligadas al comer cotidiano a partir de una articulación entre el régimen alimentario y las prácticas del dietar que organizan el comer.
Etnografía y políticas públicas en materia de justicia y violencia contra las mujeres en Chile.
Authors: Miranda Pérez Fabiola , Gac Jiménez Daniella
Published: April 2021

El presente análisis busca reflexionar sobre los aportes de la etnografía al estudio de las políticas públicas utilizando como ejemplo el caso de la intervención estatal en materia de violencia contra las mujeres en Chile en la última década. Para lo anterior, se expone aquí un trabajo etnográfico realizado en Tribunales de Familia en la Región Metropolitana, siguiendo casos de violencia conyugal, que combina observación directa con observación participante. Se sugiere la idea que la metodología etnográfica resulta substancial a la hora de aprehender la fase de implementación de las políticas públicas, ya que permite develar problemáticas y desigualdades que van más allá de aquellas que se presentan en el contacto entre el Estado y los/as usuarios/as, revelando además conflictos de legitimidad internos que las metodologías más clásicas de la Ciencia Política de corte top down no hubiesen a priori sacar a relucir. De esta manera se concluye que la etnografía no sólo se rinde cuenta de las modalidades de intervención, si no que también se avanza en el conocimiento del “Estado en acción” lo cual permitió mejorar la comprensión de las barreras que ha tenido desde la Justicia el estudio de las violencias contra las mujeres en este país.
Negar y construir desde las acciones de movimientos: tres tipos de autonomías territoriales en México
Authors: Moura de Oliveira Gustavo , Dowbor Monika Weronika
Published: April 2021

Qué es lo que los casos del (i) Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (EZLN), de (ii) Oxchuc-Chiapas y de (iii) San Andrés Totoltepec-CDMX tienen en común? Sus procesos de negación y construcción que expresan la autonomía de sus movimientos sociales en relación al Estado. Presentamos aquí una investigación de abordaje cualitativo, con revisión bibliográfica y entrevistas semiestructuradas, realizada con el objetivo de comprender los sentidos y las dinámicas de las acciones autónomas territoriales de aquellos movimientos en sus interacciones con el Estado. La autonomía territorial converge entre los tres casos, pero se expresa de manera distinta: (i) la construcción de sociabilidades y prácticas sociales y políticas propias que rechazan la totalidad del Estado; (ii) la construcción de confrontaciones políticas que rechazan la forma Estado y sus condicionamientos en la vida en el territorio; y (iii) la construcción de dinámicas propias que se insertan dentro del Estado rechazando parte de sus dinámicas
Ecología de las prácticas y de los saberes para el desarrollo local: territorios de autonomía socioambiental en algunas comunidades tradicionales del centro-sur del Estado de Paraná, Brasil
Authors: Floriani Dimas , Floriani Nicolas
Published: April 2021

El presente artículo pretende contribuir para la construcción de una metodología que sea capaz de identificar la capacidad de movilización de recursos de algunas comunidades tradicionales del centro-sur de Paraná, Brasil, para ver en que medida ocurren estrategias de construcción de sus autonomías socioambientales, partiendo de las interconexiones entre sistemas del borde y los hegemónicos. Para ello, se parte de las experiencias de redes de colaboración existentes entre actores académicos, agentes comunitarios y públicos, por medio del diálogo de saberes. Como fundamentación teórica del proceso, se pregunta si la ecología de las prácticas y de los saberes de estos actores colectivos son lo suficientemente densos y si son capaces de impulsar, en cuanto sujetos ecológicos, alternativas al desarrollo, por medio de la constitución de nuevos sistemas de prácticas y por medio de la producción de otras subjetividades.
¿Peces Gordos y Peces pequeños?: Los empresarios salmoneros, cambio institucional y conflicto sectorial en Chile
Authors: Irarrázaval Felipe , Bustos Beatriz
Published: April 2021

Son escasos los trabajos que abordan la relación entre el Estado y los empresarios en sectores productivos específicos, por lo que no son del todo claro los elementos gravitantes en esa relación. El presente trabajo aborda la relación entre los empresarios salmoneros y el Estado chileno durante el cambio institucional en acuicultura. Esto se realiza mediante la metodología de process tracing. Se analiza el proceso de conformación de coalición entre empresarios y Estado, la relevancia del que el Estado logre generar autonomía en el proceso de diseño institucional, y los problemas de acción colectiva que se produjeron entre los empresarios salmoneros. Se concluye que los empresarios salmoneros que mejor posicionaron sus preferencias eran aquellos que lideraron el gremio en el cambio institucional, y que participaron en el diseño institucional.
Comunalización de la gestión del sistema socioecológico del bioma Pampa: análisis de un colectivo de ganaderos tradicionales de Uruguay
Authors: Marques Severo Christiane , Matte Alessandra
Published: April 2021

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar cómo se lleva a cabo el uso y la gestión del recurso común, el bioma Pampa, en un colectivo de ganaderos familiares ubicados en los Departamentos de Maldonado y Rocha, en Uruguay. Este análisis es posible con el apoyo teórico de las propuestas de Elinor Ostrom con respecto a los sistemas socioecológicos. Los resultados señalan un alto potencial para la autoorganización comunitaria y la sostenibilidad en el uso tradicional de los recursos naturales. La acción colectiva ordenada entre instituciones estatales y organizaciones de productores privados ha fomentado acuerdos más eficientes, principalmente mediante el establecimiento de normas e incentivos para el uso sostenible de los recursos comunes. El caso estudiado se refiere a un grupo relativamente reciente que, sin embargo, demuestra un potencial y capacidades significativas para resolver problemas comunes y desarrollar formas de uso sostenible de los recursos naturales del sistema socioecológico del bioma Pampa.