bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Occurrence and Health Risk Assessment of Organochlorine Residues in Cowpea Grains Marketed in Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Akinyemi Fagbohun Adebisi ,   Chemistry Advanced Research Centre, Sheda Science and Technology Complex Abuja, Nigeria, Sunday Dauda Mary , Toba Anjorin Samuel ,   Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, University of Abuja, Nigeria,   Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Abuja, Nigeria
Published: July 2024

The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and concentration level of organochlorine residue in marketed cowpea grains in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) -Abuja, Nigeria, and assessed the health risk to the consumers. The randomly collected 140 samples were bulked into 28 laboratory samples for analysis. The samples were extracted and cleanup using Quick Easy Cheap Efficient Rugged and Safe (QuEChERS) methods. Twenty organochlorine compounds comprising benzene hexachloride (BHC), heptachlor, aldrin, chlordane, endosulfan, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, methoxychlor, heptachlor, endosulfan, and their metabolites were quantified using gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometer (GC-MS). The recovery percentage of OCs residues were in the range of 90.1 to 93.7% and the limit of detection ranged between 0.00003 and 0.00020 mg kg-1. The prevalence of the contaminated cowpeas samples with p,p’-dichlorodiphenyltrichloethane (DDT), endosulfan sulphate, and endrin ketone was 89.29%. Aldrin, dieldrin pp’- p,p’-dichlorodiphenyldichloethylene (DDE), alpha BHC, Delta-BHC had an incidence of 75.00, 32.14 and 57.14 % respectively. None of the OC residues were detected in the cowpea grains obtained from Utako market (UW). Mean residual concentration of the OCs insecticides in the samples ranged between 0.000068 to 0.006633 mg kg-1. The mean concentration level of heptachlor epoxide (0.0550 mg kg-1), methoxychlor (0.0147 mg kg-1), and endrin ketone (0.0663 mg kg-1) were above the EU limits of 0.020, 0.010 and 0.050 mg kg-1 respectively.and the concentration level of all the other 17 compounds in all the samples were below the EU maximum limit. Human risk assessment indicated that all the detected OCs residues were within Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI). The mean value for Hazard index (HI) revealed that endrin ketone (27.2616) was > 1 while the combined health hazard of OCs was < 100 and consumption of the samples might poses health risk due to presence of the banned OCs. This study suggests that cowpea grains sold in the study area pose a potential health risk to the consumers.
The Consumer and Their Purchasing Behavior: Case of Food Products Reported by the ARCSA in Ecuador
Authors: Gallegos Erazo Franklin , Jaramillo Pincay Doménica Nicole , Jaramillo Pincay Fiorella Micaela
Published: July 2024

The present research identifies the preferences of consumers in Ecuador regarding food products reported by the Sanitary Regulation and Control Agency (ARCSA) during 2023 and 2024, focusing on how the quality evaluation of these products affects their purchasing decisions. Using a quantitative and descriptive methodology, surveys were carried out in a cross-sectional and non-experimental design to consumers in the Daule Canton-Ecuador. Stratified probability sampling was applied to capture data at a specific time, without manipulation of variables. The results reveal that 54% of respondents showed high concern about food safety following the ARCSA reports, with 60% of consumers changing their preferences towards products not mentioned in said reports. 43% of young and adult consumers adjusted their purchasing habits based on this information, and 70% reported food safety as a decisive factor in their purchasing decisions. These findings are essential for companies and regulators to better understand consumer concerns and adapt improvements to their offering.
Kewywords: consumer behavior, food safety, purchasing preferences, food market, customer profile.
Economics of On-Farm Climate Smart Agricultural Practices in Crop-Based Farming Systems in Morogoro Rural District
Authors: George William ,   The University of Dodoma
Published: July 2024

Crop-based systems across Sub-Saharan African countries, including Tanzania is hampered by climate change. Government and private sectors introduced twenty climate-smart agricultural practices in the country. This study aimed to examine the profitability of using climate-smart agricultural practice in Morogoro Rural District. About 300 respondents were selected using a random sampling technique for interviews. A survey was conducted to collect data from the respondents using semi-structured questionnaires. A cost-benefit analysis was done to analyse the net returns of climate change mitigation interventions. The results showed that each mitigation intervention used by the smallholder farmers was financially feasible because the net returns were positive (revenues exceeded the costs). The varieties tolerant to drought (such as soybeans, maize and rice), row planting, and strip cropping were most financially viable. Less profitable practices included land rotation, tractor ploughing, and contour farming. Climate-smart practices with high profitability are recommended for enhancing farmers’ income.
Peran Mahkamah Internasional dalam Penyelesaian Sengketa antar Negara
Authors: Gea Simon sieman , Samosir Firhan Azwa , Girsang Berlandya Gatta Risven , Noor Maulana Khairul Suganda , Ardillah Imam
Published: July 2024

Mahkamah International (MI), a member of the international business community, is a country that has been struggling to make ends meet and has been in the spotlight since 1945. Since then, MI has been promoting international trade and has been promoting international trade. After all, MI has been trying to make ends meet for many years, but it is still unclear what kind of trade it has been, and what kind of trade it has been. However, MI has been trying to make ends meet for many years, but it is still unclear what kind of trade it has been, and what kind of trade it has been. The United Nations has implemented effective measures to ensure the stability and quality of global operations.
Penanaman Nilai-nilai Akhlakul Karimah pada Peserta Didik melalui Kegiatan Kultum di SD Angkasa 1 Lanud Padang
Authors: Idris Fahmi , Nurjanah Nurjanah
Published: July 2024

The cultivation of the values of karimah in the pupils is very necessary, given the development of the times and the science of education, and is accompanied by negative effects. Therefore, it is necessary to cultivate the values of achlakul karimah in the students. This research aims to describe the cultivation of the values of the achlakul karimah in the pupils at SD Space 1 Lanud Padang. As for the method of this research, it is a qualitative research method with a case study approach. Data collection techniques use methods of interview, observation, and documentation. Data analysis is accompanied by data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawings. The results of this study showed that (1) the activities of the cult in SD Space 1 Lanud Field consist of three stages, namely the initiation activities, core activities, and closing activities, (2) the cultivation of the values of achlakul karimah in the pupils consists of three phases: the stages of value transformation, the stage of value transaction, and the stage transinternalization of value; (3) there are supportive and inhibitory factors in the establishment of values, supporting factors include the will of students to be better, teachers always give a good example, support from parents, adequate means and facilities, the giving of rewards and values to students, while the impeding factors included the factor of students who do not want to change, family factors that do not support, and environmental factors that don't support.
Hubungan Peer Attachment dengan Self Management Siswa dalam Belajar
Authors: Rahmi Annisa Aulia , Firman Firman
Published: July 2024

This research is motivated by learning outcomes which are used as a benchmark to determine the level of student success. Ideally, students who get optimal learning outcomes have good self-management. However, students can still be found experiencing difficulties in self management, thus hampering the learning process and having an impact on learning outcomes. Student self-management can be influenced by external factors, one of which is the social environment, namely peers who have emotional ties or attachment (peer attachment). This research aims to determine the relationship between peer attachment and student self-management in studying at MAN 1 Padang City. This research uses quantitative methods with a correlational research type. The sample in this study was 155 students selected using the Simple Random Sampling technique. The data was processed using descriptive analysis techniques and Pearson product moment correlation analysis. The research results show that student peer attachment is in the high category with a percentage of (87.1%), student self-management is in the high category with a percentage of (77.4%) and there is a significant and positive relationship between peer attachment and self-management in students with The calculated r correlation value is 0.522 with a significance level of <0.00 at a moderate level of relationship.
Metode Sabak, Sabki, Manzil di Ma’had ‘Aly Imam Bukhari Putri
Authors: Munzillah Indiarti Muafiqoh , Hanani Hanif
Published: July 2024

The Islamic Religious Education (PAI) curriculum is a curriculum that needs to be emphasized on the process and results, where students learn it and then apply or apply it in their daily lives, both for the school environment, family, or for themselves. Education is an important thing for every individual, especially religious science education which is knowledge in understanding Islam, as a guide and guideline for life in the world. One way to understand Islam is to study the Qur'an and memorize it. Memorization is a process that requires time, perseverance, and patience. Memorization cannot be done instantly, except for servants who Allah has given ease in memorizing the Qur'an. This research has the objectives of 1) to find out the method of sabak, sabki, manzil in memorizing the Qur'an, and 2) to find out the implementation of the sabak, sabki, manzil and aisar methods in Ma'had 'Aly Imam Bukhari Putri. This type of research is field research with qualitative research methods. The results of the research, namely the sabak, sabki, and manzil methods, are curriculum development that has its own innovations and characteristics. The sabak, sabki, and manzil methods focus more on adding and improving the memorization of female students. Even so, the memorization and reading of female students are corrected, especially in the science of tajweed while the aisar method for female students who have readings that need to be improved from the basics.
Self-Esteem as a Mediator between Emotional Intelligence and Academic Adaptation, and Psychological Well-Being among International Students: A Study of ASEAN and Non-ASEAN Students in Thailand
Authors: Kim Yejin ,   Human and Social Development, Faculty of Liberal Arts, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand, Dhammasaccakarn Wanchai ,   Human and Social Development, Faculty of Liberal Arts, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
Published: July 2024

The primary purpose of this research is to investigate how self-esteem mediated the relationship between Emotional Intelligence (EI) and adjustment—academic adaptation and psychological well-being—among international graduate students in South Thailand. The study also differentiated between ASEAN and non-ASEAN groups, analysing data from 151 students using path analysis. The results demonstrated that self-esteem fully mediated the effects of EI on both academic adaptation and psychological well-being across the entire sample. Specifically, for ASEAN students, both EI and self-esteem were crucial for academic adaptation; EI positively influenced self-esteem, which in turn enhanced psychological well-being. Conversely, for non-ASEAN students, while self-esteem significantly mediated academic adaptation, it did not significantly impact psychological well-being. The cross-sectional design and small sample size of this study are its drawbacks, which may restrict the findings' the capacity to be generalized and interpreted causally. These results underscore the importance of considering self-esteem in educational strategies to enhance academic and psychological outcomes for international students in diverse settings.
Systematic Literature Review: The Influence of Regional Expenditure and Regional Revenue on Local Government Performance
Authors: Nofrita Mike , Rahayu Sri , Yudi Yudi , Herawaty Netty
Published: July 2024

This study aims to evaluate the impact of regional expenditure and revenue on local government performance. Conducted through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of articles published from 2015 to 2024, the research identifies a strong positive correlation between regional expenditure, revenue, and the effectiveness of local governments. Literature analysis reveals that strategically allocated regional expenditure significantly enhances government program efficiency and infrastructure. For instance, proper management of regional spending results in a 25% increase in public service delivery effectiveness, evidenced by improved healthcare accessibility and educational facilities. Moreover, the study highlights that high levels of regional revenue provide substantial financial resources, enabling local governments to fund critical development projects. Statistical data from reviewed studies demonstrate a 30% improvement in infrastructure quality in regions with ample revenue, supporting urban development and enhancing public amenities such as transportation networks and recreational facilities. Overall, the research underscores that judicious management of regional finances positively impacts local government performance by enhancing governance efficiency and promoting sustainable development and improved public service delivery.
The Effectiveness of the Implementation of HRDD and SIA in Advancing Sustainable Forest Management Certification in Indonesia
Authors: Putranto Anggoro Hadi , Nilasari B. Medina , Utha Maria Ariesta
Published: July 2024

This study examines the effectiveness of integrating Human Rights Due Diligence (HRDD) and Social Impact Assessment (SIA) into the certification process of sustainable forest management in Indonesia. Adopting a comprehensive approach, it analyzes how HRDD safeguards human rights and how SIA evaluates and addresses social impacts within forest management practices. The study focuses on stakeholder engagement, risk assessment, and mitigation measures as critical components of HRDD and SIA implementation. Drawing on a sample of practitioners from sustainable forest management sectors, including companies, NGOs, consultants, Certification Bodies, and Auditors, the research highlights the role of HRDD and SIA in enhancing the credibility of sustainable practices, mitigating conflicts, and promoting regional socio-economic development. It contributes insights for policymakers aiming to balance economic growth with environmental conservation in Indonesia's forestry sector. Furthermore, integrating HRDD and SIA supports the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals 5 and 10 by addressing discrimination and promoting gender equality. The study underscores the direct impact of HRDD and SIA on women's empowerment and equal opportunity, illustrating their broader societal benefits.
The effect of comorbid conditions on postoperative morbidity in COVID-19 test positive patients undergoing emergency surgery
Authors: Aydoğdu Yunushan Furkan , Örmeci Mustafa , Özcan Ali Haldun , Akdeniz Yeşim , Çalta Alpaslan Fedayi , Oğuz Serhat
Published: July 2024

Objective: Subjecting COVID-19-positive patients to surgical procedures might heighten the risk of complications and make the treatment process more complex. Our study aims to investigate the complications following emergency surgical interventions performed in COVID-19-positive patients and to examine the impact of comorbid conditions on postoperative morbidity in these patients on postoperative morbidity.
Material and Method: Between April 1, 2020, and December 1, 2022, emergency abdominal surgical interventions performed in our clinics were evaluated. The study examined the impact of preoperative comorbidities on postoperative mortality in patients who tested positive for COVID-19 positive in the preoperative period was investigated. Hospital records will be scanned using a retrospective cohort study method to examine the relationship between dependent variables (mortality, morbidity (cerebrovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cancer, smoking, chronic kidney disease, and chronic heart disease), length of hospital stay) and independent variables (gender, age, type of anesthesia, ASA assessment class, and preoperative laboratory parameters (hemoglobin, leukocyte count, d-dimer, and C reactive protein)).
Results: Diabetes mellitus was significantly associated with postoperative morbidity (p=0.04). However, no statistically significant relationship was found between other comorbid conditions and postoperative morbidity. There was no significant difference between comorbid conditions and postoperative mortality. Regression analysis also revealed a statistically significant association between diabetes mellitus and postoperative complications (p=0.024).
Conclusion: In our study found that comorbid diabetes mellitus status had an impact on postoperative morbidity in COVID-19 positive patients undergoing emergency surgery. Detailed preoperative evaluation of these patients before surgery will decrease postoperative morbidity.
MỐI LIÊN QUAN GIỮA METS-IR VÀ MỘT SỐ ĐẶC ĐIỂM TRÊN BỆNH NHÂN NHỒI MÁU CƠ TIM CẤP KHÔNG ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG
Authors: Nguyễn Đinh Thanh Nhân , Nguyễn Ngọc Diệp Nguyễn Ngọc Diệp , Nguyễn Thị Tố Huyên Nguyễn Thị Tố Huyên , Nguyễn Thị Mỹ Hiền Nguyễn Thị Mỹ Hiền
Published: July 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Đề kháng insulin là một dấu hiệu của sự bất thường về chuyển hóa, không chỉ góp phần vào cơ chế bệnh sinh của các bệnh tim mạch mà còn tương quan đáng kể với các biến cố tim mạch bất lợi. METS-IR (Metabolic score for insulin resistance) được xem là một chỉ số mới không sử dụng insulin để đánh giá đề kháng insulin. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Xác định giá trị của chỉ số METS-IR và mối liên quan giữa METS-IR với một số đặc điểm trên bệnh nhân nhồi máu cơ tim cấp không đái tháo đường. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu trên 168 bệnh nhân nhồi máu cơ tim cấp, không đái tháo đường nhập viện tại Khoa Tim mạch can thiệp, Bệnh viện Nhân dân 115. Kết quả: Giá trị trung bình của METS-IR là 36.96 ± 6.02, ghi nhận sự khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê với p < 0.05 về tuổi, chỉ số khối cơ thể, tỷ lệ thừa cân béo phì, nồng độ nonHDL-C và một số tỷ số lipid trong ba nhóm theo tam phân vị của METS-IR. Kết luận: METS-IR là một chỉ số mới đơn giản, dễ thực hiện gián tiếp đánh giá tình trạng đề kháng insulin ở những người có nguy cơ mắc các bệnh tim mạch cũng như rủi ro mắc các biến cố tim mạch bất lợi trên bệnh nhân bị nhồi máu cơ tim cấp.
ĐÁNH GIÁ CHẤT LƯỢNG CUỘC SỐNG NGƯỜI BỆNH ĐỘT QUỴ NÃO SAU ĐIỀU TRỊ VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NGOẠI THẦN KINH QUỐC TẾ NĂM 2023
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Cẩm Oanh , Võ Văn Nho Võ Văn Nho , Mai Anh Lợi Mai Anh Lợi
Published: July 2024

Tại Việt Nam, đột quỵ là nguyên nhân hàng đầu gây tử vong, tàn tật. Nghiên cứu cắt ngang trên 166 người bệnh đột quỵ não điều trị tại Bệnh viện Chuyên khoa Ngoại Thần kinh Quốc tế nhằm đánh giá chất lượng cuộc sống của họ theo thang đo SS-QOL tại hai thời điểm sau khi điều trị ổn định, sau 3 tháng và một số yếu tố liên quan. Kết quả điểm trung bình chất lượng cuộc sống người bệnh đột quỵ não sau khi điều trị ổn định: 166.84 ± 42.83. Cụ thể: Sức khỏe thể chất: 51.75 ± 11.02; Sức khỏe chức năng: 64.8 ± 23.49; Yếu tố tâm lý: 28.86 ± 7.69; Yếu tố gia đình-xã hội: 21.44 ± 8.84. Điểm trung bình chất lượng cuộc sống sau 3 tháng: 178.08 ± 43.78. Cụ thể: Sức khỏe thể chất: 54.47 ± 10.06; Sức khỏe chức năng: 71.39 ± 21.88; Yếu tố tâm lý: 28.92 ± 8.58; Yếu tố gia đình-xã hội: 23.3 ± 9.9. Các yếu tố liên quan gồm: Sử dụng bảo hiểm y tế, nghề nghiệp, tình trạng hôn nhân, chức năng sinh hoạt hằng ngày, vị trí liệt, yếu tố nguy cơ (bệnh tim, rối loạn lipid máu, rượu bia, thuốc lá) (p < 0.05). Bệnh viện Chuyên khoa Ngoại Thần kinh Quốc tế cần xây dựng những mô hình hỗ trợ chăm sóc toàn diện cho người bệnh, hướng dẫn gia đình họ những vấn đề tâm lý, phục hồi chức năng để góp phần nâng cao chất lượng cuộc sống của người bệnh sau đột quỵ.
PHỤC HÌNH ENDOCROWN TRÊN RĂNG CỐI NHỎ ĐÃ NỘI NHA: BÁO CÁO MỘT CA LÂM SÀNG
Authors: Trịnh Minh Trí Trịnh Minh Trí , Lê Võ Thảo Phương Lê Võ Thảo Phương , Nguyễn Tấn Đạt Nguyễn Tấn Đạt , Phạm Nguyên Quân Phạm Nguyên Quân , Văn Hồng Phượng Văn Hồng Phượng
Published: July 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Điều trị nội nha là một thủ thuật phổ biến trong hoạt động chuyên môn hằng ngày của các bác sĩ Răng Hàm Mặt. Theo Ray và cộng sự, một phục hồi tốt có tác động lâu dài hơn đối với răng đã điều trị tuỷ so với chính điều trị tuỷ đó. Do đó, việc lựa chọn phục hồi cho các răng đã điều trị nội nha vẫn còn là một vấn đề được các bác sĩ quan tâm, đặc biệt là đối với nhóm răng cối nhỏ, tham gia vào hướng dẫn sang bên. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Đánh giá kết quả điều trị phục hồi răng cối nhỏ hàm dưới đã nội nha bằng phục hình endocrown. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Báo cáo ca lâm sàng với một trường hợp bệnh nhân nữ, 38 tuổi đến khám và có nhu cầu điều trị phục hồi răng cối nhỏ hàm dưới đã nội nha. Kết quả: Tất cả các tiêu chí đều được xếp loại A theo tiêu chí đánh giá của Cơ quan Dịch vụ sức khoẻ công cộng Hoa Kỳ (USPHS) và bệnh nhân cũng đánh giá rất hài lòng (mức 5) về phục hình này. Kết luận: Endocrown là một kiểu thiết kế phục hình bảo tồn mô răng tối đa phù hợp đối với răng cối nhỏ đã nội nha.
ĐÁNH GIÁ VẬN ĐỘNG MÔI LƯỠI Ở NGƯỜI CAO TUỔI: TỔNG QUAN MÔ TẢ
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Huyền Diễm , Huỳnh Thanh Tuyền , Phạm Nguyên Quân , Nguyễn Ngọc Thúy
Published: July 2024

Kỷ nguyên lão hóa đặt ra nhiều thách thức to lớn trong chăm sóc sức khỏe người cao tuổi. Một trong những vấn đề phổ biến thường gặp là vấn đề suy giảm sức khỏe răng miệng. Môi và lưỡi đóng vai trò then chốt trong các vận động chức năng của răng miệng, và chúng cũng chịu ảnh hưởng của quá trình lão hóa. Bài báo cáo đưa ra cái nhìn tổng quan về sự thay đổi từ cấu trúc đến chức năng của môi, lưỡi do quá trình lão hóa tác động. Các thay đổi bao gồm sự suy giảm sức mạnh và linh hoạt cơ môi-lưỡi, sự thay đổi hình dạng và cấu trúc gây ảnh hưởng đến thẩm mỹ, khả năng phát ăn, nhai và nuốt thức ăn. Bên cạnh đó, một số phương pháp thực hiện và đánh giá những thay đổi của môi lưỡi cũng sẽ được tóm tắt trong báo cáo này.
CÁC NHÂN TỐ ẢNH HƯỞNG ĐẾN QUYẾT ĐỊNH MUA SẮM TRỰC TUYẾN CỦA NGƯỜI TIÊU DÙNG TRÊN ĐỊA BÀN THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH
Authors: Đặng Thanh Tuấn , Trần Thị Tường Vy , Hồ Thị Thanh Nhàn , Lương Kiều Ly
Published: July 2024

Hiện nay, khi nền kinh tế và thị trường việc làm đang có những chuyển biến sâu sắc, người tiêu dùng Việt Nam đang dần thay đổi nhận thức và hành vi tiêu dùng theo cách thông minh hơn. Nhận thấy sự ảnh hưởng quan trọng của thương mại điện tử trong cuộc sống, tác giả phân tích nhằm xác định các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến quyết định mua sắm và hành vi mua hàng trực tuyến của người tiêu dùng trên địa bàn Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh. Nghiên cứu sử dụng phương pháp định lượng, định tính và điều chỉnh các lý thuyết có liên quan để đưa ra mô hình phù hợp, phân tích độ tin cây thang đo, nhân tố khám phá, hồi quy và kiểm định sự phù hợp của mô hình nhằm nghiên cứu các yếu tố tác động lên hình vi mua hàng. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy có 5 nhân tố ảnh hưởng đến hành vi của người tiêu dùng: (1) niềm tin, (2) tính hữu ích, (3) cảm nhận rủi ro, (4) ảnh hưởng xã hội, (5) ý định mua sắm. Từ đó kết luận và đề xuất nhằm đưa ra hàm ý quản trị cho các doanh nghiệp kinh doanh trực tuyến tham khảo, xây dựng chiến lược kinh doanh phù hợp cho doanh nghiệp qua đó phát triển hành vi mua sắm trực tuyến của người tiêu dùng hiện nay.
Revolutionising drug discovery with deep learning
Authors: Rosonovski Summer
Published: July 2024

Europe PMC and Open Targets develop Lit-OTAR framework unearthing over 48 million unique associations that can be leveraged for drug discovery Identifying drug targets is a critical and intricate part of drug discovery. This requires scientists to look at many sources of evidence. They use them to find links between drugs, targets, and diseases.
Big Data cluster analysis
Authors: Azizović Melisa
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we focused on cluster analysis as the most commonly used technique for grouping different objects. By clustering data, we can extract groups of similar objects from different collections. First, we defined Big Data and clustering to follow the rest of the paper. We presented the most popular techniques for clustering data, including partitioning, hierarchical clustering, density-based clustering, and network-based clustering. Big Data describes large amounts of data. High precision of big data can contribute to decision-making confidence, and better estimates can help increase efficiency, reduce costs, and risks. Various methods and approaches are used for data processing, including clustering, classification, regression, artificial intelligence, neural networks, association rules, decision trees, genetic algorithms, and the nearest neighbor method. A cluster represents a set of objects from the same class, which means that similar objects are grouped together, and different objects are grouped separately. We described the K-means algorithm, hierarchical clustering, density-based clustering -DBSCAN algorithm, and the STING algorithm for network-based clustering.
Movement of current and expected inflation in the Eurozone
Authors: Srzentić Miloš
Published: July 2024

The subject of this paper is the analysis of the movement of inflation and export and import during the observed period from 2007 to 2022 in the Eurozone. The aim of this paper is to determine whether, and to what extent, the impacts of inflation and unemployment movements, represented by the considered concepts of the Phillips curve, are significant for the maintenance of the economic system as a whole, or its parts. As a factor that indirectly influences the movement of economic variables represented by the concepts of the Phillips curve, the impact of the export-import ratio is considered instead of the impact of unemployment. To conduct such an analysis, the basic hypothesis examined in this paper is formulated as follows: the greater the potential for export and import, the greater the possibility of maintaining inflation at the target level. The research methods used in this paper are methods of quantitative and qualitative analysis, as well as the method of comparative analysis.
The impact of the economic and social shocks (crises) of the 2000s on gross value added in Central-Eastern Europe
Authors: Szendi Dóra
Published: July 2024

Territorial economic and social disparities remain a major problem for the European Union today, especially in Eastern Europe. The aim of this study is to analyse the impact of the economic and social shocks of the 2000s (the economic and financial crisis of 2008-09 and the COVID-19 pandemic) on the economies of four Central Eastern European countries (Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, Hungary). The study presents county-level differences in gross value added with classical descriptive statistics, inequality indices, convergence analyses and spatial autocorrelation. The results show that the impact of the shocks of the 2000s varies across counties, which led to different paths of recovery. Spatial autocorrelation is significant , but patterns remain stable through the period of exogenous shocks.
Shift-share analysis of local economy's competitiveness: Case study of the Varaždin-Koprivnica region, Croatia
Authors: Braičić Zdenko , Šlezak Hrvoje , Lončar Jelena
Published: July 2024

This study researches local economy's competitiveness in the Varaždin-Koprivnica Region (North-Western Croatia) in the period between 2009 and 2020. Shift-share method has been used which measures the deviation between the regional development and the development of total national area and tends to explain whether it is the result of exogenous or endogenous conditions. Data on the number of employed people and Gross Value Added were used as points of reference for the competitiveness. The results showed the above average regional development which is the result of the influence of endogenous or local conditions indicating that the region has competitive advantages. Manufacturing is the most competitive activity. The analysis revealed intra-regional disparities as well.
Postoperative complications and their correlation with the surgical technique in the treatment of gastroschisis
Authors: Kecman Natalija , Milojković Vesna
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Gastroschisis is a congenital paraumbilical defect of the anterior abdominal wall with evisceration of the abdominal organs. A modern approach to treating gastroschisis has contributed to better results, as evidenced by the 5%-10% mortality rate. Aim: The study aims to evaluate the frequency of complications and death in the population due to gastroschisis, as well as the connection between the surgical techniques used in the treatment and the outcome of the treatment. Material and methods: The retrospective cohort study included 75 patients diagnosed with gastroschisis, treated from 2000 to 2020 at the Mother and Child Health Institute of Serbia Dr Vukan Čupić. By applying the exclusion criteria, a sample of 61 patients was obtained. Two cohorts of subjects were formed based on the applied surgical method, namely: primary repositioning and fascial closure of the defect (gastroschisis surgical cohort-GSC), i.e. delayed primary repositioning of the defect using a silastic bag (silastic gastroschisis cohort-SGC). Results: The gastroschisis surgical cohort comprised 38 patients, while the silastic gastroschisis cohort comprised 23 subjects. It was found that necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) was a statistically significantly more frequent complication in subjects from the silastic gastroschisis cohort (5/23, i.e. 21.7% in SGC and 0/38 in GSC; RR 0.32, 95% CI: 0.22-0.47; p = 0.003). The statistical significance of the difference in relation to the frequency of other complications was not proven: ileus (0/23 in SGC and 5/38, i.e. 13.2% in GSC; RR 0.59, 95% CI: 0.47-0.73, p = 0.069), compartment syndrome (0/23 in SGC and 2/38, i.e. 5.3% in GSC; RR 0.61, 95% CI: 0.50-0.75, p = 0.263) and death (2/23, i.e. 8.7% in SGC and 2/38, i.e. 5.3% in GSC; RR 1.26, 95% CI: 0.46-3.43, p = 0.600). Conclusion: There is no distinctive proof of the superiority of one method over another. The risks of ileus and compartment syndrome are higher when applying primary fascial closure of the defect, while the risks of NEC and fatal outcome are higher when the silo method (use of a silastic bag, i.e., silo bag) is applied. The choice of method in treating gastroschisis depends on the abdominovisceral disproportion and the physical appearance of the eviscerated intestines, assessed with the Gastroschisis Prognostic Score (GPS).
Understanding public health professionals: Their roles, significance, and challenges
Authors: Tripković Katica
Published: July 2024

The dramatic progress in public health throughout the 20th century, including the extension of life expectancy, enhancement of quality of life, and significant reductions in infant and child mortality rates, as well as the successful reduction and eradication of some infectious diseases, could not have been achieved without public health professionals responsible for the management, coordination, and provision of essential public health services. Public health systems in countries around the world, including the Republic of Serbia, are "chronically" under-invested, and face difficulties in ensuring an adequate number and appropriate distribution of qualified public health workers. Numerous challenges related to the public health workforce can be classified into several groups: social (aging workers, the profession's lack of appeal, diminished morale and motivation, retention challenges); technological (the diverse array of education and training options, scarce opportunities for professional development); economic (insufficient financing and low salaries); environmental (antibiotic resistance, pollution, food safety, climate change, urbanization); political (lack of prominence on the agendas of political leaders, lack of legal frameworks for workforce development); and legal and ethical (absence of a well-defined ethical framework in public health). To deliver high-quality public health services, mitigate health disparities, and effectively tackle emerging health crises, enhancing the capabilities of a skilled and competent workforce is imperative. This involves gaining a comprehensive understanding of the interests and needs of public health professionals, implementing strategic succession planning, optimizing recruitment and retention of workers, and ensuring more efficient use of resources. A thorough examination of public health personnel management, together with the development of strategic and operational personnel policies within the healthcare system of the Republic of Serbia, is necessary for effectively addressing the demands posed by crises such as the outbreak of a novel infectious disease pandemic.
Prevalence and sociodemographic inequalities in developing type 2 diabetes multimorbidities in Serbia
Authors: Janković Janko , Đikanović Bosiljka , Ayis Salma , Todorović Jovana , Parmar Divya , Marović Branko , Harding Seeromanie , Šantrić-Milićević Milena , Ćurčin Vasa
Published: July 2024

Introduction: The number of people living with diabetes is increasing worldwide, with the majority of those affected residing in low-and middle-income countries. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is often associated with the co-occurrence of one or more long-term conditions (LTCs), which might be affected by patients' socioeconomic characteristics , however, to what extent, it is as yet unknown in Serbia. Therefore, we have aimed to examine the prevalence and impact of sociodemographic factors on T2DM multimorbidity in Serbia. Materials and methods: Secondary data analysis of the Serbian National Health Surveys 2013 and 2019 was conducted in a population older than 45 years. Multivariate analyses were used to investigate relative risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals and corresponding predicted probabilities between the sociodemographic profiles of participants in different disease groups (with/without T2DM and one or more LTCs). Results: The prevalence of T2DM comorbidity and multimorbidity was 8.8% and 29.5%, respectively. Most often, T2DM co-occurred with stroke, myocardial infarction, and liver cirrhosis. Multimorbidity was associated with older age, the female gender, lower level of education, and lower income. The biggest gender gap was identified in the predicted probabilities for having T2DM and two or more LTCs among the subjects with the lowest level of education (women: p = 0.333 vs. men: p = 0.208) and in the lowest income quintile (women: p = 0.366 vs. men: p = 0.236), while the gender gap was not identified among those with at least a bachelor's degree (women: p = 0.258 vs. men: p = 0.260). Conclusion: A comprehensive approach to identifying and subgrouping populations based on their risk of LTCs yields valuable insights that can facilitate early detection and disease management.
Primary lymph node plasmacytoma: A rare clinical entity
Authors: Sretenović Snežana
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Extramedullary plasmacytoma localized in the region of the head and neck represents less than 1% of tumors found in that region. Primary solitary localization of plasmacytoma in the lymph node, as the only manifestation of plasmacytoma, is rare, with less than 50 cases reported so far. Case report: A 58-year-old man came to the physician because of a painless swollen lymph node in the neck, afebrile, reporting no night sweats or weight loss. He was treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics for 10 days, but his health status did not change. A complete blood count (CBC) was performed, and normal test results were obtained. The patient tested negative for biohumoral inflammatory syndrome. The ultrasound examination of the neck showed a lymph gland, 30 mm x 15 mm in size. The patient was referred to a maxillofacial surgeon; total lymph node extirpation was performed, and the excised node was sent for histopathological analysis. The following pathohistological finding was obtained: diffuse infiltration by plasmacytoid tumor cells stronlgly positive for: OCT2, BOB1, CD38, MUM1, lambda, CD31, VIM, and CD79 Alpha; negative for kappa; positive for Ki67 in 30%. The conclusion of the pathohistological examination was lambda positive plasmacytoma. Bone biopsy showed the following: plasmocytes 4%. The findings of multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) of the thorax, abdomen, and lesser pelvis were normal. Radiographic imaging of the skeleton also showed normal findings. The M protein, in both serum and urine, was negative. Virology tests showed that the patient was HBsAg positive, while he was HCV and HIV negative. Local radiation therapy was indicated along with active antiviral therapy. Conclusion: Each case of lymphadenopathy demands a serious and thorough approach to be established by the clinician. The question is whether an infection caused by the Hepatitis B virus may have served as a trigger for the development of plasmacytoma.
Workplace violence against the healthcare workers: Call to action
Authors: Marčeta Elizabeta , Todorović Jovana
Published: July 2024

Workplace violence against health workers is common within the healthcare system and yet there seems to be significant underreporting of workplace violence in healthcare. The most common type of workplace violence is verbal abuse. However, there seems to be a significant proportion of physical violence. Perpetrators vary, from patients and their families to co-workers, although less frequently. This article aims to present what workplace violence is, its prevalence, types, consequences, and possible interventions to reduce workplace violence.
Instruments for the assessment of health literacy in adolescents
Authors: Pavić Katarina , Simin Dragana
Published: July 2024

Health literacy is defined as an individual's ability to receive, process and understand health information. Adolescence is a key stage of psycho-physical development, and therefore, improving the health literacy of young people would significantly contribute to the adoption of healthy habits and empower them to take control of their own health. The aim of this review article was to present instruments for assessing health literacy in the adolescent population. The identification of instruments for the adolescent population was carried out through a literature search using different databases. Of 9 instruments, which were compared in relation to the domain of measuring health literacy and the method of data collection, six (HLS-Child-Q15, HELiASeSS, HAS-A, HELMA, eHEALS, HLAT-8) assess health literacy in all three domains, and therefore, they can offer a more complete picture of the level of health literacy in adolescents. Of these 6 instruments, HLS-Child-Q15 and HELMA are available for downloading which can influence the greater implementation in the future for the assessment of health literacy in adolescents.
From restriction of freedom of movement to deprivation of liberty of persons in need of international protection: Compliance of Serbian legislation with the European Court of Human Rights Standards
Authors: Kastratović Aleksandra
Published: July 2024

Persons in need of international protection are in a difficult situation due to their uncertain legal status. From the moment of filing an application for decision on their legal status until it is actually determined, their freedom of movement is commonly restricted. However, the problem arises because a simple restriction of movement may amount to deprivation of liberty. The paper aims to determine when and under what conditions the restrictions on the freedom of movement may amount to deprivation of liberty, whether the difficult position of persons in need of international protection is taken into account, and whether Serbian legislation implements relevant standards established in the practice of the European Court of Human Rights on this matter. On the basis of the provision envisaged in the Serbian Asylum and Temporary Protection Act concerning restriction of freedom of movement of asylum seekers, the analysis suggests that it may cause problems in practice. Although Serbian legislation qualifies the retention of foreigners and asylum seekers in the shelter for foreigners as a measure of restriction of movement, such a situation may be inherent to the deprivation of their liberty due to the enacted provision of the Asylum Act. In this context, the author proposes necessary changes in the Serbian legislation.
The constitutive session of the National Assembly: Between the normative and the real
Authors: Pejić Irena
Published: July 2024

When examined within the normative framework, the constitutive (convening) session of of the National Assembly gives rise to numerous questions pertaining to the complete legitimization of the constitutive process of the highest representative body. According to the parliamentary Rules of Procedure, the first session of the National Assembly encompasses activities that are categorized into two groups. The first group of activities includes: the confirmation of mandates of parliamentary deputies (MPs), the election of the President and Vice Presidents of the National Assembly, and the appointment of the Secretary General of the National Assembly. The second group of activities typically unfolds during the inaugural session: the election of the working bodies of the National Assembly, and the appointment of members to permanent parliamentary delegations in international organizations. Consequently, the Rules of Procedure establish a distinction in the power of constitutive acts and actions, considering that the verification of mandates and the election of the National Assembly leadership are mandatory during the first session, while the selection of parlimentary working bodies and the formation of parliamentary groups may occur, "as a rule", without binding deadlines. The normative framework allows for a flexible interpretation of constitutional deadlines set for the constitutive session of the National Assembly (30 days) sand the election of the Government (90 days). Thus, conditions are created for a "political game" that may significantly jeopardize the constitutional mechanism of the organization of power, as evidenced in several parliamentary legislatures, including the current fourteenth legislature, where the President of the National Assembly was elected after the expiry of the 30-day deadline.
Analysis of Wastewater Quality in Marathwada Region: A Comprehensive Study on Selected Urban Centers
Authors: THORAT VIJAY RAMESH RAKTE AND SANJAY KUMAR R.
Published: July 2024

In the present investigation, the study was carried out to know the present scenario of selected cities of the Marathwada Region in Maharashtra, India, related to wastewater quality. The spatial distribution analysis of wastewater collected from six cities (3 cities from Jalna district sampling sites Bhokardan, Partur, and Ambad and 3 cities from Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar [Aurangabad] district sampling sites Paithan, Gangapur, and Phulambri) was investigated. The result shows that the water conductivity of the wastewater ranged from 1625.36 to 2685.45 mS/cm, and its pH varied from 6.7 to 7.5. The biological oxygen requirement ranged from 56 to 1000 mg/L, while the maximum total dissolved solid was 1290 ppm. The dissolved oxygen level ranged from 0.04 to 0.25 mg/L, and the chemical oxygen requirement of the chosen sites varied greatly from 235.96 to 3577.6 mg/L. City-1 (Bhokardan) had the highest nitrate content (48.57 mg/L), whereas city-3 (Ambad) had the highest sulfate level (120.5 mg/L). It was discovered that city-2 (Partur) has a high phosphate level (83.80 mg/L). The physicochemical parameters examined in this paper differed throughout the cities, and each parameter was contrasted with the BIS Standards 1995 allowed limit. . KEYWORDS :Marathwada, Municipal wastewater, Sewage, Water pollution, Water quality
Studying the Release Profile of 5-Fluorouracil Prepared By Controlled Porosity Osmotic System As A Colon Targeting
Authors: Mohammed Ameen Muath , Abdul Rasool Alaa
Published: July 2024

In this study, different formulas (F1-F7) containing 4 mg of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) were prepared as a tablet in form of CPOP-CT. The core of these formulas contained citric acid, sodium chloride, LMCh, MMCh, ProSolv SMCC®90 and magnesium stearate mixed with 5-FU. The formulas were double coated by an inner layer containing chitosan and PEG-400 and outer layer as an enteric coating containing Eudragit®L100-55, triethyl citrate and talc. The solubility of 5-FU in different dissolution media (pH 5, pH 7) was studied. The results indicated increase of LMCh and decrease of citric acid lead to slow the release of 5-FU for F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6 and F7 in simulated colonic fluid with 61%, 29%, 32%, 43%, 52%, 39% and 68%, respectively within 21 h. In addition, the release rate of 5-FU was affected by changing the weight gain percentages of semipermeable CAM. 6% and 10% weight gains of F3 released 5-FU completely within times (t100% ) of 46 h and 65 h, respectively which are acceptable with colonic transit time (78 h) compared with 14% weight gain (t100% = 135 h).  In SCF, the enzymatic effect on the release of 5-FU within 21 h for F6 was studied which synthetic almond emulsin β-glucosidase and human fecal enzyme increased release of 5-FU with 26% and 39%, respectively compared to 18% release with no enzyme. Degradation effect of these enzymes made pores in semipermeable to release drugs and then modulate the drug kinetic from zero order into first order.
Strategi Pemasaran Efektif untuk Meningkatkan Penjualan Usaha Makanan Ringan dalam Praktek Kewirausahaan Mahasiswa Stikes Santa Elisabeth Medan 2024
Authors: Grace Putri Laia
Published: July 2024

Your Trendy Talent Arena  is a business founded by Stikes Santa Elisabeth Medan students with the aim of providing a platform for young talents to showcase their creative works and products. However, the challenge of increasing sales is the main issue faced. Therefore, this research aims to identify effective marketing strategies. And with the aim of identifying and analyzing effective marketing strategies to increase sales at Your Trendy Talent Arena, an entrepreneurial initiative run by Stikes Santa Elisabeth Medan students. Using qualitative and quantitative approaches, this research examines various marketing techniques implemented by, including digital marketing using websites. The research results show that from strong digital marketing,. This analysis provides insight for entrepreneurial practitioners, especially among students, about the importance of dynamic and adaptive marketing strategies in a competitive business environment. In evaluating the success of a marketing strategy, it is important to continuously monitor and analyze sales data and customer feedback.
Critical Review of Stroke
Authors: Oli K.K. , Agrawal J.P
Published: July 2024

This retrospective study gives the clinical profile of stroke in T.U. Teaching Hospital. Total number of Stroke patients admitted in 4 years period were 683; out of which 434 (63%) were ischaemic and 249 (27%) were haemorrhagic Stroke; Mangoloid accounted for 47% and non-mangoloid 53%; 42% were from urban area and 58% from rural area. Among the risk factors hypertension accounted in 42%; smoking in 28.5%; alcohol in 18.4% and diabetese millitus in 10.8%. Over all mortality was 17%, maximum being in subarchanoid haemorrhagic group (50%). Risk factors may be controlled with proper health education and by establishing primary neurological centers in rural areas.