bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementasi Student Centered Learning (SCL) Materi Olimpiade Sains Nasional (OSN) Kebumian Di SMA Negeri 8 Gowa, Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Irvan Ulva Ria , Alimuddin Ilham , Farida Meutia , Maulana Adi , Jaya Asri , Sirajuddin Haerany , Tonggiroh Adi , Azikin Busthan , - Sahabuddin
Published: February 2021

Perkembangan keilmuan mata pelajaran geografi di tingkat sekolah menengah berdampak pada materi pengetahuan tentang geologi antara lain batuan dan proses pembentukannya, asal-usul bumi, hingga bagaimana merencanakan tata kota dalam perangkat sistem informasi geografis. Pada umumnya buku geografi mengacu pada kurikulum internasional earth science, sehingga sangat berat bagi siswa SMA untuk memahaminya. Permasalahan utama yang diungkap oleh guru dan siswa yang berminat dalam OSN bidang kebumian adalah materi yang diperlombakan cukup kompleks. Permasalahan dasar geologi, tata ruang dan kebencanaan menjadi issue nasional bahkan global. Melalui kegiatan Program Pengabdian Masyarakat, Fakultas Teknik dalam hal ini diwakili oleh tim dosen dari Program Studi Teknik Geologi menawarkan metode Student Centered Learning untuk memudahkan pemahaman materi Olimpiade Sains Nasional bidang Kebumian. Selain itu dapat pula menumbuhkan motivasi dan daya saing untuk mengikuti kompetisi, khususnya kepada siswa SMA Negeri 8 Gowa. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah untuk: a) Memberikan pengetahuan dasar geologi sebagai bagian dari ilmu kebumian; b) Memberikan pengetahuan geologi Indonesia; c) Memberikan kisi-kisi materi yang diujikan dalam olimpiade sains nasional kebumian; d) Memberikan praktek identifikasi mineral dan batuan, struktur geologi, fosil, dan pembacaan peta topografi.
Sosialisasi Sistem Keselamatan Penumpang Angkutan Penyeberangan Bira-Pamatata
Authors: Rahman Sabaruddin
Published: February 2021

Kecelakaan KMP. Lestari Maju yang terjadi pada tanggal 3 Juli 2018 mengakibatkan jatuhnya korban jiwa. Kecelakan tersebut diakibatkan oleh air yang naik ke geladak kendaraan karena gelombang tinggi. Jatuhnya korban jiwa diakibatkan kurangnya pemahaman penumpang terkait prosedur keselamatan di atas kapal saat terjadi kecelakan. Hal ini didasarkan dari hasil penyelidikan KNKT yang menjelaskan bahwa penumpang panik dan terjadi perebutan jaket penolong sehingga beberapa penumpang tidak sempat mengenakan jaket penolong. Padahal berdasarkan data fasilitas keselamatan di atas kapal, jumlah jaket penolong mencukupi untuk jumlah penumpang yang ada saat terjadi kecelakaan. Selain itu, tidak ada instruksi dari awak kapal untuk terjun ke laut sehingga penumpang menyelamatkan diri masing-masing. Bahkan ada yang terjun ke laut tanpa mengenakan jaket penolong. Dari hasil investigasi KNKT tersebut pula ditemukan bahwa awak kapal tidak pernah melakukan pelaksanaan safety drill terutama pelatihan keselamatan orang meninggalkan kapal (abandon ship). Kurangnya penerapan ISM Code dan pengawasan terhadap kinerja awak kapal berimbas pada kurangnya kesigapan awak kapal pada saat terjadi kecelakaan.

Melalui kegiatan ini dilaksanakan sosialisasi prosedur keselamatan di atas sarana angkutan penyeberangan Bira-Pamatata. Sebelum dilakukan sosialisasi, terlebih dahulu dilakukan survey untuk mengetahui kondisi eksisting alat keselamatan di atas kapal dan juga untuk mengetahui informasi yang belum terkomodir dalam prosedur keselamatan di atas kapal.

Berdasarkan hasil survey yang dilaksanakan, diketahui bahwa sekitar 45% responden menggunakan jasa angkutan penyeberangan tidak lebih dari tiga kali dalam dua tahun terakhir. Responden tersebut umumnya memiliki pemahaman yang relatif rendah terhadap prosedur keselamatan di atas kapal. Untuk itu pelaksanaannya harus dilaksanakan setiap kapal akan berangkat.  Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi, pemahaman responen cenderung memaik setelah dilakukan pelaksanaan sosialisasi.
Business Model Canvas dan Social Media Marketing untuk Meningkatkan Kapasitas Pengusaha Mikro di Kabupaten Pangkep
Authors: Bustamin Anugrayani
Published: February 2021

Pengabdian masyarakat telah dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kinerja dan kapasitas Kelompok Tani Pelita Desa di Kabupaten Pangkep. Kelompok Tani Pelita Desa merupakan sebuah kelompok pengusaha jeruk “Pamelo” di Desa Attangsalo, Kecamatan Ma’rang, Kabupaten Pangkep. Pada kegiatan sosialisasi ini dihadiri oleh 15 peserta yang tergabung dalam kelompok Tani Pelita Desa dan beberapa tokoh masyarakat juga turut hadir berpartisipasi. Hasil analisis situasi dan kondisi didapatkan beberapa masalah yang sedang dihadapi Kelompok Tani Pelita Desa, yaitu usaha yang sedang berjalan belum melewati proses analisis bisnis, tidak dimanfaatkannya marketing sosial media, dan branding masih sederhana. Sehingga dalam kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan pengenalan Business Model Canvas (BMC) dengan melakukan penjabaran usaha dalam bentuk sederhana tetapi cukup efektif untuk melihat secara holistik suatu startup maupun bisnis. Selanjutnya juga dilakukan pengenalan social media marketing untuk mendukung kelompok usaha, meningkatkan kinerja untuk dapat berkelanjutan dan berkembang lebih baik. Hal ini dianggap perlu untuk menjadi turning point bagi kelompok usaha dalam meningkatkan usaha untuk kemajuan dan menghadapi era globalisasi.
Pengembangan UKM Online Bagi Para Pengrajin Kapal Kayu di Kelurahan Tanah Lemo, Kecamatan Bontoharu, Kabupaten Bulukumba
Authors: Hasan Hasna
Published: February 2021

Masyarakat di Kelurahan Tanah Lemo, Kecamatan. Bontoharu, Kabupaten BulukumbaNamun, kapal ini tidak sukses dipasarkan olehkarena sistem pemasaranya tradisional. Seringkali para pengrajin membutuhkan bantuan pihak ketiga untuk mendapatkan pembeli. Sehingga keuntungan yang mereka dapatkan tidak tinggi, padahal pembuatan kapal ini berat dan lama. 

Namun, phinisi merupakan aset yang mampu diekspor, karena adanya pengakuan UNESCO mengenai phinisi sebagai karya seni yang indah.

Prosedur yang digunakan dalam melaksanakan pengabdian ini, terbagi atas beberapa subyek, antara lain :

- pengambilan data dan analisa data. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan mengadakan wawancara dengan pengrajin

  dan observasi proses pembuatan phinisi.

- desain  website, dan peluncuran website.  .  

Output dari subyek ini berupa :

- proses pembuatan phinisi, .

- kendala dalam usaha phinisi.

- potensi kerajinan phinisi dalam  menciptakan lapangan kerja dan kesejahteraan.

Kemudian tim pengabdian melakukan analisa atas data tersebut, yang hasilnya  antara lain:

- menentukan tujuan pembuatan website yaitu menjadi jembatan bagi produsen dan konsumen

- merangkum beberapa hal penting yang perlu digambarkan dalam website ini.

Hasil analisa tersebut menjadi acuan dalam menyusun format website. Format website dari kerajinan phinisi ini, antara lain :

-  menggambarkan phinisi bukan hanya sebagai sebuah karya seni tapi juga memilki ketangguhan  berlayar hingga

    keliling dunia.

-  website ini perlu menggambarkan  kredibilitas UKM ini, yang sering menjual phinisi hingga

   Mancanegara.

Kemudian, berdasarkan format tersebut, pembuatan website dilakukan dengan teknik hand coding agar fleksibel dan mudah dimodifikasi. Capaian yang diharapkan dalam pengabdian ini adalah, memperkenalkan Phinisi di mancanegara dan memasarkankannya. Sehingga secara tidak langsung berdampak pada peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat lokal dan membuka lowongan pekerjaan baru.

Kesimpulannya, karena tingginya minat masyarakat terhadap Phinisi, maka pemutakhiran pemasaran dilakukan dengan perancangan websites. Website diharapkan menjadi jembatan bagi usahawan phinisi dengan konsumennya di segala penjuru dunia.
Pengaplikasian Program ZIN untuk Perencanaan Manajemen Sistem Jaringan Jalan di Kota Makassar
Authors: Ramli Muhammad Isran
Published: February 2021

Permasalahan transportasi menjadi sangat penting seiring dengan pertumbuhan penduduk dan kegiatan ekonomi. Laju pertumbuhan penduduk yang didukung oleh laju kendaraan dengan fasilitas yang masih kurang memadai sangat membutuhkan perencanaan transportasi yang dapat menjadi solusi untuk melakukan mitigasi atau pencegahan terkait masalah transportasi yang dapat muncul. Makassar sebagai salah satu kota metropolitan dengan tingkat pertumbuhan kendaraan yang cukup tinggi yaitu 13-14 persen per tahun untuk sepeda motor dan 8-10 persen per tahun untuk kendaraan ringan/ mobil. Dalam hal pertumbuhan kendaraan yang terus meningkat setiap tahun, maka kondisi ini pada akhirnya diprediksi dapat mengakibatkan jaringan jalan yang ada menjadi kritis untuk dilalui oleh kendaraan karena tingkat pelayanan jalan tidak maksimal. Informasi terkait tingkat pelayanan jalan yang umumnya dihitung secara manual menggunakan Manual Kapasitas Jalan Indonesia (MKJI, 1997) dengan dukungan data hasil survey lalu lintas, survey kecepatan, survey kondisi geometrik jalan, dan survey lain yang mendukung informasi dalam penentuan indeks tingkat pelayanan jalan dapat dihitung dengan menggunakan aplikasi program yang lebih efektif dan efisien yaitu ZIN. Pengaplikasian program ZIN ini merupakan salah satu upaya dalam perencanaan manajemen sistem jaringan jalan yang lebih efektif dan efisien khususnya untuk jalan di Kota Makassar.
Sosialisasi Pemanfaatan Air Tanah Untuk Lahan Pertanian dengan Metode JIAT Daerah Pallantikang, Kabupaten Bantaeng
Authors: Tonggiroh Adi , Hidayah Bahrul , Maulana Baso Rezki , Maulana Adi , Imran Andi Muhammad , Jaya Asri
Published: February 2021

Water as a natural resource is the most important part for humans to continue their life. One example of the vital role of water resources for human activities is to fulfill food through agriculture and plantations. The availability of water needs for agricultural productivity is certainly an important study to maintain supply capacity and avoid crises in agricultural and plantation foodstuffs. As mandated by the Water Resources Law, the utilization of water resources is aimed at sustainably utilizing water resources by prioritizing the fulfillment of the basic needs of the community fairly. For the sake of the continuity of human life, water resources must be managed properly by paying attention to and protecting the environment. Almost not all the agricultural and plantation areas in the Planting area have irrigation channels that utilize surface water. Consequently, agricultural production does not reach maximum results, because its water needs are very dependent on rainwater. On the other hand, even though there is an irrigation network, there are areas where the availability of water is not sufficient, so that farming activities of farmers cannot get maximum results. This limitation causes farmers to depend on surface water supply, especially during the rainy season so that problems such as prolonged drought can have fatal consequences. One of the efforts to improve agricultural irrigation is to create a groundwater irrigation network by taking water from bore wells.
Pengelolaan Drainase Kota Sebagai Upaya Mitigasi Banjir Kota Makassar
Authors: Djamaluddin Ibrahim
Published: February 2021

Banjir Kota Makassar dipengaruhi oleh dua faktor utama, yaitu: faktor alam seperti curah hujan, topografi, jenis batuan atau tanah dan laju infiltrasi, dan faktor manusia dengan segala aktivitasnya yang dapat mempengaruhi sistem drainase dan keadaan penutupan lahan di atasnya. Namun dari beberapa faktor tersebut yang menjadi fokus masalah pada akhir-akhir ini tutupan lahan, kondisi pengelolaan drainase, dan curah hujan. Daerah yang paling berpotensi mengalami banjir di Kota Makassar berdasarkan topografi, luas tutupan lahan dan curah hujan adalah daerah bagian barat kota dekat pantai, bagian utara Kecamatan Panakkukang, bagian barat dan timur Kecamatan Tamalanrea serta bagian utara dan barat Kecamatan Biringkanaya. Sebagian besar sistim drainase air Kota Makassar hanya mengandalkan jaringan pembuangan dari saluran kecil ke saluran besar seperti kanal yang dialirkan secara gravitasi ke laut sehingga daerah-daerah yang telah mengalami perubahan fungsi tutup lahan yang dahulunya resapan air menjadi urban area sangat mudah terjadi genangan atau banjir sebab pengaliran air tidak dapat berjalan dengan baik mengakibatkan banjir sering terjadi, apalagi di daerah yang memiliki permukaan tanah yang rendah. Aquapond adalah salah satu sistim kolam retensi yang banyak digunakan di Jepang yang berfungsi sebagai penyimpanan air hujan sementara saat curah hujan tinggi dan mengalirkannya secara perlahan setelah curah hujan meredah sebagai salah satu solusi teknik pengelolaan drainase air perkotaan yang sering mengalami luapan aliran air atau banjir setempat. Kolam rentesi teknologi Jepang ini diujicobakan di Kota Makassar yaitu di Jalan Urip Sumohardjo depan kantor gubernur Sulawesi Selatan yang diharapkan dapat berguna pada pengelolaan sistem drainase air yang sering meluap dan mengakibatkan banjir yang mengganggu arus lalu lintas jalan Nasional. Karena metode pemanfaatan kolam retensi yang tersambung dengan saluran drainase air belum banyak dikenal oleh masyarakat umum dan pemerintah terkait sehingga kegiatan pembelajaran dan sosialisasi tentang perencanaan dan konstruksi kolam retensi Aquapond dalam pengelolaan drainase kota Makassar dilaksanakan.
Implementasi Mesin Cuci Tangan Portable Anti Covid 19 di Pasar Balang – Balang Kelurahan Borongloe Kabupaten Gowae Hand Washing Machines in Balang-Balang Market, Borongloe Village, Gowa Regency
Authors: Syahid Muhammad
Published: February 2021

Salah satu tindakan dalam mencegah penularan covid 19 adalah mencuci. tangan. Mencuci tangan adalah salah satu tindakan sanitasi dengan membersihkan tangan dan jari jemari menggunakan air dan sabun atau handrub oleh manusia untuk menjadi bersih dan memutuskan mata rantai kuman. Tangan seringkali menjadi agen yang membawa kuman dan menyebabkan patogen berpindah dari satu orang ke orang lain, baik dengan kontak langsung ataupun kontak tidak langsung. Oleh karena itu, melihat urgensi cuci tangan dalam upaya mencegah penularan covid 19, kami memberikan bantuan untuk mengimplementasikan cuci tangan di tempat fasilitas umum dimana sering terjadi kontak antar manusia. Pelaksanaan pengabdian dilaksanakan pada tanggal 3 oktober 2020 di pasar balang-balang, kelurahan borong loe, kecamatan bonto marannu kabupaten gowa. Bantuan mesin cuci tangan diterima oleh kepala kelurahan Borong loe. Selain bantuan mesin cuci tangan, juga dipajang informasi terkait langkah cuci tangan yang benar dan informasi tentang penyebaran covid 19
Sosialisasi Pandemik Covid-19 dan Diseminasi Konsep Kota Cerdas, Sehat, dan Tangguh Pandemik
Authors: Sutopo Yashinta Kumala dewi
Published: February 2021

Pandemik Covid-19 yang saat ini melanda Indonesia membutuhkan peran aktif dari semua pihak, termasuk dari institusi Pendidikan. Departemen Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota (PWK) Universitas Hasanuddin (Unhas) mendukung Pemerintah diantaranya melalui dua kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat sebagai bagian dari pelaksanaan tugas tridarma perguruan tinggi. Kegiatan pertama yaitu sosialisasi informasi mengenai Covid-19 kepada masyarakat melalui pendekatan edukatif, persuasif dan animatif dalam bentuk format tulisan, foto, poster dan video yang diunggah melalui youtube dan instagram pada April dan Mei 2020 dengan target ±1,000 peninjau (viewers). Kegiatan kedua yaitu diseminasi konsep Kota Cerdas, Sehat, dan Tangguh Pandemik sebagai upaya antisipasi terjadinya pandemik dimasa depan dengan pendekatan ilmiah, sistemis dan kolaboratif dalam bentuk format seminar nasional virtual yang diselenggarakan pada 24 September 2020 dengan target ±300 peserta. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk membahas mengenai tujuan, proses, dan hasil dari dua kegiatan tersebut serta memaparkan rangkuman gagasan inti konsep kota yang dipresentasikan dalam kegiatan kedua. Sampai dengan 10 Oktober 2020, tercatat total 4,037 viewers yang mengunjungi media sosial yang digunakan pada kegiatan pertama. Tercatat pula total 1,008 orang tertarik dengan tema yang diusung pada kegiatan kedua dan mendaftar melalui email panitia meski pendaftaran dibuka hanya berselang 7 hari sebelum acara. Total 584 peserta tercatat hadir saat kegiatan kedua berlangsung dimana 42 orang berasal dari 22 dinas pemerintahan dan kementerian, 135 orang dari 46 universitas di luar Sulsel, 10 orang dari 7 wilayah IAP, dan 10 orang dari 6 konsultan/institut perencanaan/arsitektur. Jumlah viewers dan peserta dikedua kegiatan ini yang lebih tinggi dari target yang ditetapkan menunjukkan peran aktif yang optimal dari departemen dalam mendukung Pemerintah dan masyarakat sesuai bidang dan kapasitasnya.
REASONS FOR USING INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION TRANSFERS AS PERCEIVED BY SIMULTANEOUS INTERPRETERS
Authors: Bac Nguyen Ninh
Published: February 2021

This research aimed to understand the possible reasons for the use of intercultural communication (ICC) transfers from the perspective of professional simultaneous interpreters. Based on the ICC transfers suggested by Nguyen Quang (2014), the researcher conducted a focus group interview (FGI) to collect data and analysed it inductively. Seven reasons were found for the use of ICC transfers, categorized into two themes: Enhancing Audience’s Comfortability (Theme 1) and Enhancing Interpreter’s Comfortability (Theme 2). In general, this means using ICC transfers in particular, having intercultural competence (IC) in general, is beneficial not only to the audience, but also to the interpreters themselves.
Estoppel and relinquishment of right in the Russian and foreign legal systems
Authors: Gavrilov Vladimir Nikolaevich , Tereshchenko Nikita Vital'evich , Koryukina Anastasiya Andreevna
Published: February 2021

This article analyzes the concepts of such legal principle as estoppel. This principle is relatively new for national legislation, and was borrowed from the countries with Anglo-Saxon legal system. The subject of this research is the correlation of rule of estoppel in the Russian and foreign law, as well as its comparison with the relinquishment of right. Its appearance and normative consolidation in the national legislation is the implementation of an important stage in the concept of development of civil legislation. The article also distinguishes between the two similar concepts of civil law: relinquishment of right and waiver. The authors raise a relevant question on the absence of uniform law enforcement practice thereof. Only few scholars within the Russian science are dealing with this topic. Based on the analysis of the aforementioned legal principles and case law, the authors come to a logical conclusion on the need for a clear delineation between the concepts of estoppel and relinquishment of right for achieving uniformity of judicial practice of the Russian Federation. The purpose the examines in the article legal institutions consists in minimization or complete elimination of negative consequences caused by inconsistent behavior of one party, as well as full protection of rights and interests of other party.
Definition and classification of crime for calculation of its social consequences (cost)
Authors: Mordovin Pavel Sergeevich
Published: February 2021

The scientific community still does not have uniformity with regards to the definition of crime, although this concept is crucial in criminology, without which the existence and development of this science is impossible. Crime is a multifaceted phenomenon; thus, its examination within the framework of a single science does not reflect all of the aspects. The author examines various existing approaches towards the definition of crime; analyzes the concepts of natural criminal and the counter-theories. The question of the immanence of crime is explored. However, it does not seem possible to determine the only reasonable viewpoint and deny the rational kernel of other approaches. The analysis of the existing concepts and approaches towards definition of crime once again demonstrates the controversy of the question. Therefore, the analysis of opinions allows concluding on the need for classification crime, including via specific understanding of this concept. Such classification sufficiently reflects the extent of current public awareness of the criminal law, while retaining semantic load from the perspective of criminology. It also prompts the development of research on the social consequences (cost) of crime, since namely this approach seems logical for calculation of the social consequences (cost) of crime.
The role of transcendental reflection in realization of the power of judgment
Authors: Balanovskii Valentin Valentinovich
Published: February 2021

This article analyzes the peculiarities of functionality of transcendental reflection among judges in the context of realization of the power of judgment. An attempt is made to answer the questions on how the judges exercise their power of judgment in decision-making, problems they are facing and ways for their solution. Attention is focused on the peculiarities of ensuring unity of self-consciousness of the judge in carrying out professional activity, as well as on the flaws of the determining and reflective power of judgment, which serve as the grounds for vacation of decisions of the courts of primary jurisdiction through appellation. The author also reviews the prospects for the implementation of artificial intelligence systems into judicial proceedings in light of the questions raised in the article. This work leans on the results of research conducted in 2019–2020 at the intersection of theoretical philosophy, philosophy and sociology of law, theory of state and law. Within the framework of this study, the question of decision-making by judges is viewed through the prism of philosophical system of I. Kant, namely through his concept of the power of judgment. The research is carried out in three directions: transcendental, formal-legal, and sociological. The results consist in formulation of practical recommendations that would improve the effectiveness of realization of the power of judgment, and thus the overall efficiency of judicial proceedings in Russia.
Legal lexicon in the second volume of Marcel Proust's novel “In Search of Lost Time” (“À la recherche du temps perdu”) “In the Shade of Young Girls in Flowers” (“À l'ombre des jeunes filles en fleurs”): linguostylistic analysis
Authors: Savina Elena
Published: February 2021

This article reviews the stylistic functionality of legal lexicon in the second volume of M. Proust's novel “In Search of Lost Time”. By means of general and field specific (civil, constitutional, international, criminal and financial) legal lexicon, the author describes various spheres of life that are far from the jurisprudence – human sensory systems, visual arts, social graces of the bourgeoisie and aristocracy, as well as friendship and romantic relationship of Marcel and Albertine. The article employs the methods of lexical, semantic and linguostylistic analysis. The novelty of this research consists in the analysis of functionality of specific lexicon in the literary text. The author highlights certain types of social relations, which are described via comparison with legal situations, as well as related metaphors and comparisons from other areas of life.
Evolution of language interpretation technique in China
Authors: Lyu Ven'tszya
Published: February 2021

This article traces the evolution of teaching language interpretation in China. The author analyzes the dynamic effect of Soviet and Western cultures upon Chinese culture. The conclusion is formulated that the evolution of language interpretation technique in China is closely related to the processes taking place in the world. The article focuses on the four stages of evolution in teaching language interpretation: origination (late 1970’s – late 1980s), early development (1990s), new period (first decade of the XXI century), and period of diversified development (second decade of the XXI century). The article reveals similar and mutually infiltrating techniques of language interpretation in the three cultural geographical regions: Russia, China, and the West. An attempt is made to forecast further development of language interpretation technique in China. The evolution of language interpretation technique in China would certainly be affected by the era of digitalization, which promotes the advancement of research on machine translation, artificial intelligence, and big data. The contemporary era of big data and new technologies has considerable impact upon the technique of language interpretation; the interpreters should learn to search for information necessary for their profession.
Considerações sobre o manejo anestésico em usuários de drogas
Authors: Dos Santos Ian Xavier Paschoeto , Júnior Paulo César Tostes de Campos , Reis Emilly Nara Alves , Dias Fernanda de Andrade , De Oliveira José Roberto Beretta Paiano , Santos Letícia de Paula , Sales Lira Fernandes , Caldas Rafaella Gomes , Meneghette Rebeka Lara , Filho Waltair Mota
Published: February 2021

Este artigo buscou revisar as interferências das drogas de abuso, lícitas ou ilícitas, na indução anestésica. Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica de caráter teórico que analisa o mecanismo de ação, apresentação clínica, desenvolvimento de tolerância e possíveis interações dessas substâncias com os fármacos anestésicos. Discute-se também sobre os principais efeitos locais e sistêmicos das drogas mais utilizadas. Nesse sentido, por meio da análise bibliográfica do estudo, destaca-se que, dentre as substâncias ilícitas, a exposição aguda a maconha e cocaína leva a uma maior resistência aos sedativos, necessitando de doses cada vez maiores para atingir o resultado desejado. De modo semelhante, na exposição prolongada a substâncias, ainda que lícitas, como benzodiazepínicos, álcool e opioides, foi observada uma redução da duração do efeito das medicações utilizadas. Destarte, conclui-se que o uso indiscriminado de substâncias de abuso promove significativas interações no contexto anestésico, tornando-se imprescindível a realização de um manejo adequado e direcionado a fim de identificar as opções ideais para se obter uma anestesia completa, segura e eficaz.
Гроші і кредит
Authors: Іванчук Наталія
Published: February 2021

Висвітлено основні положення теорії грошей і кредиту, зокрема сутність та функції грошей, теорію грошей, грошовий оборот і грошову масу, грошовий ринок, грошові системи, інфляцію, грошові реформи, валютний ринок та валютні системи. Розглянуто роль грошей у економіці, сутність, теорії, види і форми кредиту, основні засади фінансового посередництва, організацію банківської та парабанківсьої системи. Визначено напрями діяльності центрального банку та інструменти монетарної політики. Значну увагу приділено теорії процента, фінансовим кризам та міжнародному валютно-фінансовому співробітництву країн. Навчальний посібник розрахований на студентів економічних спеціальностей закладів вищої освіти та широке коло фахівців.
Звітність підприємств
Authors: Іванчук Наталія
Published: February 2021

Висвітлено склад, структуру, порядок складання і подання фінансової звітності за національним положеннями (стандартами) бухгалтерського обліку, зокрема балансу (звіту про фінансовий стан), звіту про фінансові результати (звіту про сукупний дохід), звіту про рух грошових коштів за прямим і непрямим методом, звіту про власний капітал, приміток до річної фінансової звітності, консолідованої фінансової звітності. В посібнику також викладено склад, структуру, методику складання, вимоги до подання податкової і статистичної звітності. Навчальний посібник розрахований на студентів спеціальності «Облік і оподаткування» закладів вищої освіти та широке коло фахівців.
The Psychology of Coronavirus Fear: Are Dentists of Pakistan Suffering from Corona-Phobia?
Authors:   Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, Majeed Muhammad Mansoor , Saleem Zohra , Sarwar Huma , Ramzan Zoobia , Iqbal Syeda Naureen , Naeem Meshal Muhammad
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to evaluate the level of anxiety and fear among Pakistani dentists due to COVID-19. METHODOLOGY: Data of 386 dentists evaluated who responded to the questionnaire sent via social media. Fear of coronavirus scale (FCV-19S) was used for evaluation of fear among Pakistani dentists. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 21. One way ANOVA, chi-square and independent t-test were used for statistical analysis. P-value <0.05 was considered as significant. RESULTS: The overall mean FCV-19S score was 26.22 ± 4.907, which is on the higher end. Females showed higher fear scores as compared to males (p<0.001). A statistically significant difference between the scores of General Dental Practitioners (GDP) and specialists was also observed (p<0.001), Statistically, a significant difference was observed between all 4 age groups of dentists, young and elderly dentists demonstrating higher scores (F (3,382) = 8.618, p< 0.001). CONCLUSION: We conclude that due to the current COVID-19 crisis, majority of the dentists of Pakistan are afraid and among them, females, GDPs, young and elderly dentists are found to be more anxious and have a greater fear of getting infected by coronavirus during COVID 19 Pandemic. KEYWORDS: Anxiety, Fear, Pakistani, Dentist, COVID-19 HOW TO CITE: Majeed MM, Saleem Z, Sarwar H, Ramzan Z, Iqbal SN, Naeem MM. The psychology of coronavirus fear: Are dentists of pakistan suffering from corona-phobia?. J Pak Dent Assoc 2021;30(1):1-6.
Oral Hygiene Maintenance Via Teledentistry in Orthodontic Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors:   Sindh Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Khan Erum Behroz , Shah Mairah , Rafi S.M. Tariq , Rizwan Sadia , Ahmed Zuhair
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVES: To determine the extent of improvement in oral hygiene via text message reminder in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment. METHODOLOGY: The participants were from 13 to 30 years of age recruited from Department of Orthodontics, Sindh Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan. The sample comprised of 70 patients (59 female and 11 male) about to have fixed orthodontic treatment, 35 in text message group and 35 in control group. Patient's plaque index was evaluated at baseline and after 30 days. RESULTS: Text message group had highly significant (P < .05) plaque index score (PostPI) than control group. CONCLUSIONS: Orthodontic patients frequently reminded to brush have better oral hygiene. KEYWORDS: Plaque index, Text message, Oral hygiene, Orthodontics. HOW TO CITE: Khan EB, Shah M, Rafi S.M.T, Rizwan S, Ahmed Z, Fatima S. Oral hygiene maintenance via teledentistry in orthodontic patients: A randomized controlled trial. J Pak Dent Assoc 2021;30(1):34-38.
Radiographic Employment of Mandibular Third-Molar Mineralisation to Estimate Chronological Age in a Population of Peshawar, Pakistan
Authors:   Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar, Tariq Quratulain , Tareen Mariam Ajmal , Uddin Iftikhar , Hussain Umar
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVES: To determine the correlation between chronological age (CA) and mandibular third molar (MTM) development in a sample of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) population. Furthermore, to provide forensic reference data for age determination from MTM mineralisation. Finally, to derive regression formulae specific to this population to estimate age using MTM calcification stages. METHODOLOGY: Four hundred and seventy orthopantomographs (OPGs) of patients aged between 13-26 years from the Orthodontics department archive at the main tertiary dental hospital of KP were studied for development of MTM staging using Demirjian's method. Spearman's Correlation was applied to determine any relationship between CA and MTM development. An Independent two-sample t-test was performed to compare third-molar development in males and females. Population-specific models was developed using quantile regression analysis. RESULTS: A strong positive correlation was found between CA and MTM development (rs = 0.853; p- <0.001). The median quantile regression equation developed for entire sample is: Age = 8.8+ 1.4(developmental stage). Ninety-four percent of males and females at stage H were at least 18 years or older. CONCLUSION: Mandibular third-molars can be an appropriate guide for CA estimation in the KP population. Stage H is likely to occur at 18 years of age. This may be valuable for medicolegal suits requiring CA estimation. KEYWORDS: forensic odontology, forensic anthropology, panoramic radiographs, chronological age estimation, mandibular third-molar, Pakistan HOW TO CITE: Tariq Q, Tareen MA, Uddin I, Hussain U. Radiographic employment of mandibular third-molar mineralisation to estimate chronological age in a population of Peshawar, Pakistan. J Pak Dent Assoc 2021;30(1):39-44.
Prevalence of Distal Carious Lesions in Mandibular Second Molars Due to Mesio-Angular Impacted Third Molars
Authors:   Nishtar Institute of Dentistry, Multan, Pakistan, Ashar Talha , Shakoor Asma , Ghazal Sadia , Parveen Naghma , Saleem Muhammad Nasir , Raja Hina Zafar
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to observe the relationship of mesio-angular impacted third molars to the development of distal caries in adjacent second molars. METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Nishtar Institute of Dentistry, Multan. Nine hundred and eighty nine periapical, bitewing and Panoramic radiographs were recorded and examined for distally carious second molars and impacted mandibular third molars. SPSS version 23.0 was used for data entry and analysis. RESULTS: Almost 40.8% of the target population reported with distal caries due to third molar impactions. A total of 53.30% of these impactions were of the mesio-angular variety. No distal caries was detected in transverse type of impactions. CONCLUSION: The current study concluded that the prevalence of distal caries in mandibular second molars and the positioning of adjacent impacted mandibular third molars in the dental arch were interlinked. Consequently, extraction of mandibular third molars should be considered to prevent caries and premature loss of second molar teeth. KEYWORDS: Distal caries, Impacted third molar, Infections, Risk Factor HOW TO CITE: Ashar T, Shakoor A, Ghazal S, Parveen N, Saleem MN, Raja HZ. Prevalence of distal carious lesions in mandibular second molars due to mesio-angular impacted third molars. J Pak Dent Assoc 2021;30(1):50-55.
Mixed Metal-Antimony Oxide Nanocomposites: Low pH Water Oxidation Electrocatalysts with Outstanding Durability at Ambient and Elevated Temperatures
Authors: Sibimol Luke , Chatti Manjunath , Yadav Asha , Kerr Brittany , Kangsabanik Jiban , Williams Tim , Cherepanov Pavel V. , Tanksale Akshat , Johannessen Bernt , Macfarlane Douglas , Hocking Rosalie K. , Alam Aftab , Yella Aswani , Simonov Alexandr
Published: February 2021

Proton-exchange membrane water electrolysers provide many advantages for the energy-efficient production of H2, but the current technology relies on high loadings of expensive iridium at the anodes, which are often unstable in operation. To address this, the present work scrutinises the properties of antimony-metal (Co, Mn, Ni, Fe, Ru) oxides synthesised as flat thin films by a solution-based method for the oxygen evolution reaction in 0.5 M H2SO4. Among the non-noble-metal catalysts, only cobalt-antimony and manganese-antimony oxides demonstrate high stability and reasonable activity under ambient conditions, but slowly lose activity at elevated temperatures. The ruthenium-antimony system is highly active, requiring an overpotential of 0.39 ± 0.03 and 0.34 ± 0.01 V to achieve 10 mA cm-2 at 24 ± 2 and 80 °C, respectively, and remaining remarkably stable during one-week tests at 80 °C. The S-number for this catalyst is higher than that for the high-performance benchmark Ir-based systems. Density functional theory analysis and physical characterisation reveal that this high stability is supported by the enhanced hybridisation of the oxygen p- and metal d-orbitals induced by antimony, and can arise from two distinct structural scenarios: either formation of an antimonate phase, or nanoscale intermixing of metal and antimony oxide crystallites.
Poly(catecholamine) Coating and Biofunctionalization of CsPbBr3 Microcrystals
Authors: Cho Sangyeon , Yun Seok-Hyun
Published: February 2021

Lead halide perovskites (LHP) microcrystals are promising materials for various optoelectronic applications. Surface coating on particles is a common strategy to improve their functionality and environmental stability, but LHP is not amenable to most coating chemistries because of its intrinsic weakness against polar solvents. Here, we describe a novel method of synthesizing LHP microcrystals in a super-saturated polar solvent using sonochemistry and applying various functional coatings on individual microcrystals in situ. We synthesize cesium lead bromine perovskite (CsPbBr3) microparticles capped with organic poly-norepinephrine (pNE) layers. The catechol group of pNE coordinates to bromine-deficient lead atoms, forming a defect-passivating and diffusion-blocking shell. The pNE layer enhances the stability of CsPbBr3 in water by 2,000-folds, enabling bright luminescence and lasing from single microcrystals in water. Furthermore, the pNE shell permits biofunctionalization with proteins, small molecules, and lipid bilayers. Luminescence from CsPbBr3 microcrystals is sustained in water over 1 hour and observed in live cells. The functionalization method may enable new applications of LHP particles in water-rich environments.
Synergic Topological- and Size-Control on Phosphazane Chemistry: First Unfolded Hybrid Tetrameric Macrocycle
Authors: Sim Ying , leon felix , Ganguly Rakesh , diaz jesus , Clegg Jack K. , Garcia Felipe
Published: February 2021

Herein, we report an unprecedented combination of pre-arranged building blocks and a multi-step synthetic route to rationally and simultaneously enable access to an unfolded tetrameric macrocycle, which is not accessible using conventional synthetic strategies. The obtained macrocycle, cis-[μ-P(μ-NtBu)]2(μ-p-OC6H4C(O)O)]4[μ-P(μ-NtBu)]2 (4), is the first unfolded open-face hybrid cyclodiphosphazane macrocycle reported and displays a cavity area of 110.1 Å2 - the largest of its kind.
Ab Initio Calculations of Dissociation Energy of Water Molecule on Near-Term Quantum Devices Using the Pennylane Interface to Quantum Hardware
Authors: Geoffrey A S Ben
Published: February 2021

Fault-tolerant quantum computers may be far off, however solving real world quantum chemistry problems on near-term quantum devices is possible through the Pennylane which provides interface to use any of the quantum hardware provided by any of the quantum hardware providers such as IBM, Google or Microsoft. A demonstrated use of Pennylane to solve real world quantum chemical problems on near-term quantum devices is shown. Ab initio quantum chemical calculations of dissociation energy of water molecule on the near-term quantum hardware using the Pennylane interface yielded a dissociation energy comparable to experiment and therefore it is recommended that the quantum chemistry community use near-term quantum devices to leverage quantum computing advantage to solve quantum chemical problems.
Postioplastia por circuncisão para redução de fimose em gato: relato de caso
Authors: Bastos Marina Mariana Sousa , Pantoja André Rebelo , Everton Elton Brito , Carneiro Mário José Costa , Aires Ene Oliveira Madeira
Published: February 2021

A fimose é uma condição rara em animais de companhia, caracterizada pela limitação do óstio prepucial em expor o pênis, podendo ocorrer por alteração de desenvolvimento ou de forma adquirida, como as traumáticas. Dentre elas, as cicatrizes decorrentes de laceração traumática, limpeza do pênis pela fêmea e sucção do prepúcio por filhotes. O tratamento é cirúrgico, e tem objetivo de aumentar o óstio prepucial. Objetivo desse trabalho é relatar um caso de fimose traumática em um felino doméstico com correção cirúrgica por meio da técnica de circuncisão prepucial. Foi atendido no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA), um felino, macho, castrado, sem raça definida, 3 anos, apresentando disúria, estrangúria, postite e micção em gotejamento. Optou-se pela correção cirúrgica com abordagem cirúrgica por meio de uma incisão circular no prepúcio até a liberação de toda a camada musculo-cutânea prepucial, após a remoção do excedente prepucial estenosada, possibilitou-se a exposição peniana, seguindo-se então a sutura do novo óstio prepucial. O emprego da técnica cirúrgica por meio de circuncisão prepucial mostrou-se uma abordagem eficaz e de fácil execução.
Ação do óleo essencial de alecrim (Lippia gracillis Shauer) sobre a microbiota intestinal e o desempenho das aves
Authors: Rocha Grazielle Ferreira , Cerqueira Alan Silva , Lima Arlene Santos , Oliveira Júnior Gregório Murilo
Published: February 2021

A presença de uma microbiota benéfica no trato gastrointestinal é um fator importante na otimização da digestão e absorção dos nutrientes indispensável para se obter boa produtividade. Neste sentido, a utilização de antimicrobianos promotores de crescimento na ração dos animais de produção tem como objetivo promover a redução e/ou a morte dos micro-organismos indesejáveis. No entanto, devido à possibilidade de resistência cruzada novas alternativas vêm sendo pesquisadas em substituição a esses antimicrobianos, tais como os óleos essenciais aromáticos. Estes apresentam poucos riscos de acúmulos nos tecidos devido à rápida metabolização e curta meia-vida dos seus compostos ativos, sendo que podem atuar diretamente sobre micro-organismos patogênicos. Assim, podem atuar como promotores de crescimento e possivelmente substituir os antibióticos e promotores de crescimento comumente utilizados na dieta dos animais. Os compostos fenólicos, carvacrol e timol, componentes majoritários do óleo essencial de Lippia gracillis Shauer, são os principais responsáveis pela ação antimicrobiana e antioxidante do óleo. No entanto, há poucas pesquisas para avaliar o efeito deste aditivo como promotor de crescimento. Deste modo, devido à potencialidade que estes compostos ativos apresentam diante de bactérias patogênicas e fungos, sua atividade antioxidante, assim como seu potencial como melhoradores de desempenho, o óleo essencial do alecrim torna-se um potencial aditivo para ser adicionado às dietas de aves. Objetivou-se com esse artigo de revisão elucidar o modo de ação do óleo essencial de alecrim (Lippia gracillis Shauer) sobre a microbiota intestinal das aves como antimicrobianos melhoradores de desempenho.
Industria cinematográfica y exhibición en Colombia: apuntes para una oferta alternativa
Authors: Calderón Acero Camilo Andrés
Published: February 2021

Este artículo expone el estado de la exhibición cinematográfica en el país, determinado tanto por su trayectoria histórica como por su actual inserción en el contexto de la producción global, las legislaciones y los actores que intervienen dentro de este sector. A partir de su dentificación, propone criterios sobre la distribución y exhibición comercial, para así, al final, reconocer los espacios desde donde podría pensarse la exhibición alternativa.
Televisión comunitaria en Colombia. Caso TV Suesca
Authors: Sánchez Arévalo Laura , Deaza Guáqueta Lyda Shirley
Published: February 2021

La revisión de la trayectoria de más de diez años de TV Suesca per-mite advertir, primero, la distancia entre la realidad de la televisión comunitaria en Colombia y el ideal propuesto por la ley nacional para este sector; segundo, las dificultades de su sostenimiento ante la com-petencia global; y, por todo ello, tercero, el paulatino menoscabo de sus principios fundacionales. Los aspectos notables de este caso po-drían acusarse en forma más generalizada entre sus homólogos.
THE ROLE OF DESTINATION IMAGE IN INFLUENCING ENVIRONMENTALLY SUSTAINABLE PURCHASING BEHAVIOUR OF TOURISTS
Authors: Kham Diana
Published: February 2021

A large proportion of typical holiday activities are directly dependent on the natural resources at the destination and as these natural areas represent the main resource for many tourism destinations (Dolnicar & Leisch, 2007), destinations are under pressure to protect it. Current efforts to promote pro-environmental behaviors by tourists found largely ineffective. This is partly because the travel context of tourists is often ignored when studying environmentally sustainable behaviors despite the significant impact it can have on tourists’ behavior. Current literature looking at destination image offers limited insight into how (or if) destination image influences environmentally sustainable behavior of tourists outside of product-specific contexts such as eco-tour experiences or green accommodations. To fill this research gap, this thesis examines the role of destination image in influencing tourists' environmentally sustainable (tourism-related) purchasing behavior in New Zealand.

This thesis adopted a qualitative approach. The data collection consisted of 25 semi-structured in-depth interviews with international tourists in New Zealand. Data were then analyzed using the framework analysis technique. The analysis focused on three things: (1) how New Zealand is perceived by tourists, (2) tourists’ intentions of behaving environmentally sustainable, and (3) identifying aspects of the destination image that evoke or trigger pro-environmental intentions by tourists.

The findings revealed that destination image does play a role in influencing environmentally sustainable purchasing behavior by not only evoking pro-environmental intentions but also providing an encouraging and enabling environment. The characteristics and qualities of New Zealand that were found particularly influential in evoking a sense of responsibility and/or connection towards nature were the fragile environment appeal, dependence on nature, aesthetically pleasing, and unique landscape. Other factors contributing to this were also identified providing a more comprehensive understanding of how the relationship is moderated. These factors were personal factors, habit and routine, contextual factors, personal capabilities, and attitudinal factors.

The outcome of this research carries important implications particularly for destination managers and destination marketers wanting to promote environmentally sustainable (tourism-related) purchasing behavior. The complexity of environmentally sustainable behavior and the subjective nature of destination image however require further research, especially in identifying the applicability of this study to other (types of) destinations.

Keywords: destination image, environmentally sustainable purchasing behavior, New Zealand
Pengaruh prenatal yoga terhadap lama kala II persalinan dan kejadian robekan perinium
Authors: Noviani Ni Wayan , Adnyani Ni Wayan Sukma
Published: February 2021

Labor is assumed to be a painful and tense process, but labor can be passed with a sense of security and comfort without trauma. Yoga is considered one of the alternative therapies to prepare pregnant women physically, mentally, and spiritually to face the birth process and prevent perineal rupture. This study aims to determine prenatal yoga's effect on the duration of the second stage of labor and the incidence of perineal tears at the Bumi Sehat Foundation Ubud Bali in 2018. The study was conducted by analytic design with a prospective study approach. The research subjects used 50 pregnant women who gave birth at the Bumi Sehat Foundation. The study used Mann-Whitney and chi-square. Based on the data analysis of the influence between Prenatal yoga on the duration of the second stage of analysis using Mann-Whitney p-value <0.005 which means that there is an influence between prenatal yoga on the second time while based on Chi-square data analysis p-value 0.012 where p-value <0, 005 which means that there is an influence between Prenatal yoga and perineum tear. It can be concluded that prenatal yoga is effective in helping pregnancy and childbirth are minimally traumatic in women.