bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Internalisasi Kultur Pesantren pada Pembentukan Karakter Siswa Melalui Desain Berbasis Kelas dan Organisasi Sekolah
Authors: Arifin Syamsul , Silvia Mega
Published: October 2020

Globalization poses strong and diverse challenges, one of which is the rampant moral degradation that still often occurs everywhere, including at the school level, for that it is necessary to instill and develop values ​​in students. Pesantren is considered capable of being a medium for scientific transformation that can shape good character through its strong characteristics and culture. In building the character of students, it is not only done in classroom learning, but can be done through the development of other activities in school. This research uses descriptive qualitative method, with a case study approach. Data collection techniques using interviews, observation and documentation which were analyzed descriptively. While the data analysis used was data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The validity of the data used three techniques, namely extension of participation, persistence of observation and triangulation. This research shows that; the application of internalizing pesantren culture to character building students includes class-based design, school culture-based design and organization-based design. The factors supporting and inhibiting the internalization of pesantren culture on the formation of student character are seen from the students themselves, the carrying capacity of all school members and infrastructure.
Pendidikan Nasionalisme pada MI Bustanul Ulum Laweyan Probolinggo
Authors: Ulumuddin Ihya
Published: October 2020

On Progress
Gut microbiota and autoimmune diseases (Literature review)
Authors: Tereshchenko Liudmyla , Voloshyna Natalia
Published: October 2020

Autoimmune diseases are chronic progressive processes associated with dysfunction of the central and peripheral structures of the nervous system. The understanding of the processes taking place inside the body has changed significantly thanks to modern technologies, which made it possible to identify the close relationship of the intestine with the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems of a person. It is believed that the majority of chronic diseases of multifactorial nature are based on changes in the species diversity of the gut microbiota, which leads to irreversible damage to the homeostasis of the microorganism. Dysfunction associated with changes in the composition, diversity and metabolic activity of the gut microbiota leads to the development of inflammation and some chronic diseases. Many scientific authors conducted data analysis of the role of the gut microbiota in the development of autoimmune diseases and the possible ways of correction. A number of issues concerning the interaction of macro- and microorganisms are being actively studied and require further clarification. Changes in the immune status of the human body, which occur during the restructuring of the gut microbiome in patients with autoimmune diseases, are important. Compensation of nutritional imbalance, gut microbiota, as well as physical activity adequate for age and living conditions, allows providing energy homeostasis and is a promising direction for preventing the development and reducing the rate of progression of autoimmune diseases.
Key words: gut microbiota, autoimmune diseases, immune dysfunction, homeostasis, probiotics, lifestyle modification
The structure of heredity factors and their relationship with clinical and psychopathological manifestations of patients with recurrent depression
Authors: Maruta Natalia , Kolyadko Svitlana , Atramentova Lyubov , Utevska Olha , Fedchenko Viktoriya , Yavdak Iryna , Denysenko Mykhailo
Published: October 2020

The article presents the features of the structure of heredity factors and their influence on the clinical and psychopathological image of recurrent depression. The study involved 87 patients with recurrent depression. Based on the results of socio-demographic, clinical-genealogical, clinical-psychopathological, psychometric studies, a high level of family related depression factors were established at all stages and levels of relationship in the genealogy of patients with recurrent depressive disorders. It is shown that in the proband genealogy, there is a high percentage of observed patients mainly of the 1st degree of relationship, by a psychiatrist. Among the inherited burden of somatic pathology in the genealogy of patients with recurrent depressive disorders, hypertension, heart disease and endocrine pathology prevail. When analyzing the information obtained, it was determined that the proportion of factors such as observation by a psychiatrist for the 1st and 2nd degrees of relationship, depressive disorders mainly for 2nd degree of relationship, suicidal behavior for the 1st and 2nd degrees of relationship and the predominance of recurrent disorder in the clinical picture of hypochondriacal and apathetic syndromes, affects the course and clinical picture of recurrent depression. The information received should be considered as diagnostic and preventive measures in the provision of care for this category of patients.
Key words: recurrent depressive disorders, hereditary factors, environmental factor
Peculiarities of the perception process in patients with cognitive impairments in depressive disorders
Authors: Yaroslavtsev Serhii
Published: October 2020

362 patients with cognitive impairment in depressive disorders were examined: 123 patients with recurrent depressive disorder (RDD), 141 patients with bipolar affective disorder (BAD) and 98 patients with prolonged depressive reaction (PDR). A set of research methods was used: clinical-psychopathological, psychodiagnostic (Munsterberg test) and statistical. The features of the perception process were established for various types of depressive disorders: in patients with RDD, there was a predominance of average, increased and decreased selectivity of attention to neutral stimulus (30.89 %, 21.95 % and 21.95 %, respectively), high selectivity of attention to negative stimulus (33.33 %) and decreased and low selectivity of attention to positive stimulus (54.47 % and 20.33 %, respectively); in patients with BAD, a predominance of average and reduced selectivity of attention to neutral stimulus (45.39 % and 36.17 %, respectively) and average selectivity of attention to negative and positive stimulus (38.30 % and 38.30 %, respectively) were recorded; in patients with PDR, the prevalence of average and reduced selectivity of attention to neutral stimulus (42.86 % and 34.69 %, respectively), increased and decreased selectivity of attention to negative stimulus (29.59 % and 16.33 %, respectively), increased selectivity of attention to positive stimulus (43.88 %). Key words: patients with cognitive impairment, depressive disorders, perception process, recurrent depressive disorder, bipolar depressive disorder, prolonged depressive reaction
Assessment of the Future Role of Some Energy Sources by Higher Education Students in Hungary
Authors: Berényi László , Deutsch Nikolett
Published: October 2020

Serving the ever-increasing energy demand of the world by preventing the excessive deterioration of the environment requires the continuous development of energy technologies. Both renewable and nuclear power are reasonable alternatives to fossil sources. Beyond the engineering and economic issues, the social acceptance of the technologies is an essential factor. Recent literature pays growing attention to learning students' attitudes to renewable energy and sustainability since they are the future users and the decision-makers. Targeted actions in the field need thorough investigations about the opinions, attitudes, and knowledge level of the new generations. This paper contributes to a better understanding of higher education students' approaches to renewable and nuclear energy in Hungary by a voluntary online survey on evaluation and ranking the energy sources. The research sample includes 328 business, engineering, and state science students from various Hungarian universities. The results show the respondents are optimistic about favorable future changes in the utilization of renewable energies, but the opinions are scattered. Using the energy sources, sparingly seems to be more acceptable by the respondents than making financial sacrifices for a greener solution. The results of the pairwise comparison pointed out that solar power and wind power are considered decisive and acceptable sources. There is a general distrust of nuclear energy among the respondents. The analysis did not find significant differences between the responses of students from different faculties. The evaluations confirm a positive approach to sustainability and the particular emphasis on solar power. The result shows the need for knowledge formation that the assessment of the future role is not in line with the professional opinion and the national strategy
Revision of the New Zealand endemic genus Phormiobius (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae)
Authors: Shen Jia-Wei , Choi Su-Ho , Leschen Richard A. B.
Published: October 2020

To date monotypic, endemic New Zealand tyrine genus Phormiobius Broun, 1917 (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae: Pselaphitae) (type species: P. halliBroun, 1917) is revised to include six species, five of which are new: P. brouni sp. nov., P. graceae sp. nov., P. matau sp.nov., P. pseudhalli sp. nov., and P. ramsayi sp. nov. A lectotype is designated for Phormiobius halli. A species-level identification key is provided, and comparative notes on the morphology of New Zealand tyrine genera is included.
SỰ KHUẾCH ĐẠI ÁNH SÁNG DỰA VÀO HIỆU ỨNG TRONG SUỐT CẢM ỨNG ĐIỆN TỪ TRONG MÔI TRƯỜNG NGUYÊN TỬ BA MỨC CẤU HÌNH CHỮ V
Authors: Đoài Lê Văn , Tòng Võ Bá
Published: October 2020

Trong vài thập kỷ qua, sự khám phá ra hiệu ứng trong suốt cảm ứng điện từ (EIT– Electromagnetically Induced Transparency) dẫn đến sự triệt tiêu hệ số hấp thụ ánh sáng cộng hưởng trong môi trường ngyên tử, là cơ sở để có thể tạo ra sự khuếch đại ánh sáng không cần nghịch đảo độ cư trú. Trong bài báo này, chúng tôi nghiên cứu sự khuếch đại ánh sáng không có nghịch đảo độ cư trú trong hệ nguyên tử ba mức cấu hình chữ V dựa vào hiệu ứng EIT. Bằng cách giải hệ phương trình ma trận mật độ, chúng tôi tìm được các biểu thức cho các hệ số hấp thụ, tán sắc, và khuếch đại của ánh sáng dò theo các tham số của ánh sáng điều khiển. Từ sự khảo sát bằng đồ thị, chúng tôi tìm được miền tần số trong đó ánh sáng dò được khuếch đại mà không cần nghịch đảo độ cư trú. Miền tần số này có thể được xê dịch về miền bước sóng ngắn hoặc dài bằng cách thay đổi tần số của ánh sáng điều khiển.
Learning algebraic procedures through problem solving
Authors: Friedlander Alex
Published: October 2020

In this paper, I attempt to present several examples of tasks and some relevant findings that investigate the possibility of basing a part of the practice-oriented tasks on higher-level thinking skills, that are usually associated with processes of problem solving. The tasks presented and analysed here integrate problem solving-components – namely, reversed thinking, expressing and analysing patterns, and employing multiple solution methods, into the learning and practicing of algebraic procedures – such as creating equivalent expressions and solving equations.
Adaptive teaching interventions in collaborative problem-solving processes
Authors: Scharnberg Sarina
Published: October 2020

Even though there exists limited knowledge on how exactly students acquire problem-solving competences, researchers agree that adaptive teaching interventions have the potential to support students‘ autonomous problem-solving processes. However, most recent research aims at analyzing the characteristics of teaching interventions rather than the interventions’ effects on the students’ problem-solving process. The study in this paper addresses this research gap by focusing not only on the teaching interventions themselves, but also on the students’ collaborative problem-solving processes just before and just after the interventions. The aim of the study is to analyze the interventions‘ effect on the learners’ integrated problem-solving processes.
Self-generated representations as heuristic tools for solving word problem
Authors: Sturm Nina
Published: October 2020

Solving non-routine word problems is a challenge for many primary school students. A training program was therefore developed to help third-grade students to find solutions to word problems by constructing external representations (e.g., sketches, tables) and to specifically use them. The objective was to find out whether the program positively influences students’ problemsolving success and problem-solving skills. The findings revealed significant differences between trained and untrained classes. Therefore, it can be assumed that self-generated representations are heuristic tools that help students solve word problems. This paper presents the results on the impact of the training program on the learning outcome of students.
Compliance Intention to Pay Zakat on Salary
Authors: Mohd Khalil Najwa , Amin Hanudin , Azman Nur Shahirah
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT

This study examines the effects of attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control and taqwa on compliance intention to pay zakat on salary in East Malaysia. A deductive approach is employed to examine young public servants' compliance intention to contribute to zakat payment on their salary. The model is tested using survey data from 202 respondents in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, East Malaysia. The results obtained indicate that attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control are significantly related to the compliance intention. Besides these factors, taqwa is also significant. Besides, the post hoc analysis indicates that attitude can play a role as a mediating variable for the relationship between taqwa and compliance intention.  This study improves the generalisation of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) to include zakat payment, where Islamic altruism is brought into play. Our findings are of the essence to provide valuable insights for zakat authority to manage zakat payers effectively by considering new millenials as new zakat payers' base and patronage factors as captured in this study
The Influence of Glacial Isostatic Adjustment on the River Flow of the Upper Volga during the Last Glacial Period
Authors: Уткина А.О.
Published: October 2020

Одним из дискуссионных вопросов палеогеографии бассейна верхней Волги в последнюю ледниковую эпоху (МИС 2) является возможное существование обширных приледниковых озер. Помимо ледникового подпруживания, существование которого подвергается в последнее время сомнению, возможным механизмом возникновения таких озер могли служить гляциоизостатические движения в приледниковой области. В данном исследовании проведена реконструкция изменений топографии бассейна верхней Волги на основе моделей гляциоизостатических деформаций ICE-5G и ICE-6G L. Peltier. Анализ реконструированных продольных профилей рек показал, что их деформации были недостаточны для прекращения течения и формирования обширных подпрудных озер. Возможность существования локальных озер выявлена в истоках и в нижнем течении верхней Волги, где проходила ось компенсационного приледникового вала, вызывавшая уменьшение продольного уклона. Возможно также, что уменьшение уклона вызвало направленную аккумуляцию в реке, которая сменилась врезанием с началом дегляциации и погружением приледникового вала. Использованная методика применима для оценки влияния гляциоизостазии на развитие рельефа других приледниковых регионов, а также для потенциальных пользователей моделей гляциоизостатической компенсации.

The likelihood of the formation of large proglacial lakes in the Upper Volga basin during the Last Glacial Period is a palaeographic issue that needs to be further investigated. Proglacial lakes are believed
to have formed by the damming action of the moraine (which modern scientists consider rather doubtful)
or due to postglacial rebound. The research reconstructs topographic changes of the Upper Volga basin on the basis of glacial isostatic adjustment models (ICE-5G and ICE-6G L. Peltier). The analysis of reconstructed river profiles shows that the adjustment was not sufficient to block the flow and to form large barrier lakes. Local lakes can be found in the source of the Volga River and in the Upper Volga downstream known for the glacier compensation effect resulting in the reduction of longitudinal slope. The reduction of longitudinal slope caused an intensive directed accumulation, deglaciation cutting and pre-glacial upland immersion. The used strategy can be employed to assess the influence of glacial isostatic adjustment on glacial areas. It can also be used by researchers who employ glacial isostatic adjustment models.
TIP FAKÜLTESİ ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN RADYOLOJİK GÖRÜNTÜLERDEKİ ANATOMİK YAPILAR HAKKINDA BİLGİ DÜZEYLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: CANBOLAT Mustafa
Published: October 2020

Amaç: Doğrudan insan hayatını ilgilendiren tıp eğitiminin hekim adaylarına meslek yaşamında kullanacakları bilgi, beceri ve tutumları kazandırması gerekmektedir. Bu tıp eğitiminin en temel taşlarından bir tanesi de anatomidir. Anatomi dersinin kliniğe yansıması olan en temel alanlardan birisi radyolojidir. Bu çalışmada amacımız fakültemiz öğrencilerinin radyolojik görüntüler üzerinden majör anatomik yapılara hakimiyetlerini değerlendirmektir.

Materyal ve Metod: Çalışmamızı 131’i dönem 6 , 117’si dönem 3 , 168’i dönem 2 öğrencisi olmak üzere 416 tıp fakültesi öğrencisi ile gerçekleştirdik. Önceden hazırlamış olduğumuz 20 adet radyolojik görüntüyü (2 MR, 5 BT, 13 düz grafi) projektör yardımı ile projeksiyon perdesine yansıttık. Öğrencilere dağıtmış olduğumuz 1’den 20’ye kadar numaralandırılmış boş kâğıtlara ilgili görüntüde sorduğumuz yapının adını yazmalarını istedik.

Bulgular: Dönem 6 öğrencilerinin verdikleri doğru yanıtların medyan değeri 8, dönem 3 öğrencilerininki 7, dönem 2 öğrencilerininki 6 olarak bulundu. Dönem 6 öğrencileri dönem 3 ve dönem 2 öğrencilerinden başarılı çıkarken, dönem 3 ve dönem 2 öğrencileri arasında başarı durumları açısından bir fark çıkmadı.

Sonuç: İyi planlanmış, klinik bölümlerle anatomi bölümünün iletişim içerisinde bulunduğu dikey entegrasyon programları ile öğrencilerin anatomi bilgilerini güncel tutacaklarına inanıyoruz.
Structure and thermal properties of beeswax-based oleogels with different types of vegetable oil
Authors: Pang M. , Shi Z. , Lei Z. , Ge Y. , Jiang S. , Cao L.
Published: October 2020

Beeswax-based oleogels with different types of vegetable oil, including camellia oil (CO), soybean oil (SO), sunflower oil (SFO), or flaxseed oil (FO), were prepared and their structure and thermal properties were evaluated. The critical concentration of oleogel obtained from each of CO, SO, and SFO at 25 °C was 3% (w/w), and that from FO was 4%. Thermal measurements revealed similar thermodynamic curves for oleogels in different lipid phases. X-Ray diffraction showed orthorhombic perpendicular subcell packing and characteristic peaks of the β’ form. Furthermore, a morphology analysis of the crystals showed that they were needle shaped. Fourier transform-infrared spectra revealed that beeswax-based oleogels were formed via non-covalent bonds and may be stabilized with physical entanglements. The oleogels showed oil type-dependent oxidative abilities, but they were all stable and showed no obvious changes in peroxide value during 90 days of storage at 5 °C.
La relation texte/image dans les notices de jeu de stratégie
Authors: Goux Mathieu , Halté Pierre
Published: October 2020

Cet article explore les relations texte-image dans un corpus de notices de jeu de stratégie, sous l’angle de leurs fonctions didactiques. Notre hypothèse est que ces notices, dont l’objectif explicite est de permettre l’apprentissage de règles de jeu, sont le plus souvent constituées de textes et d’images dont les relations correspondent à différents moments didactiques. Nous dressons dans un premier temps, un inventaire des relations texte-image du corpus, en nous fondant sur la notion de « cadre indexical » (Klinkenberg, 2008). Ensuite, nous montrons que ces différentes relations servent des fonctions didactiques plus ou moins spécifiques : l’exemplification, la thématisation, et l’explication. Enfin, nous étudions l’aspect séquentiel des fonctions didactiques dans les notices de jeux de stratégie, c’est-à-dire la succession « chronologique » de moments didactiques, portés par des relations texte-image variées.
Retour sur l’analyse du discours française
Authors: Moirand Sophie
Published: October 2020

Mon point de vue sur l’analyse du discours dite « française » (ADF) s’articule autour d’une conviction forte, à savoir que toute réflexion sur le(s) discours découle d’une série d’interrogations sur « le sens » : sens des mots et des constructions syntaxiques, sens des énoncés et usages de la langue en rapport avec les conditions de production, sens des propos tenus par les acteurs sociaux, ou encore réflexion sur le « sens social » des dires d’une époque, qui s’inscrirait dans l’histoire des idées d’une société à un moment de son histoire. Ainsi l’ADF, née dans la décennie 1960-1970, est centrée à ses débuts sur l’analyse du discours politique et des discours institutionnels (partis, syndicats, etc.). Mais, autour des années 1980, certains travaux se préoccupent davantage du comportement langagier des groupes sociaux et des communautés multilingues, des paroles d’ouvrières et d’ouvriers, etc., glissement qui s’explique également par la découverte, en France, des travaux de sociolinguistique, interactionnelle ou variationniste, nord-américains.Changements de terrain, changements de points de vue, changements de corpus conduisent à revenir aux deux piliers de l’ADF : les opérations d’énonciation (qui parle et à qui), déjà largement étudiées, mais surtout les opérations de référenciation. On se demande alors quels que soient le terrain et les corpus recueillis, « comment les activités humaines, cognitives et linguistiques, structurent le monde, et lui donnent du sens » ; le contexte n’est plus un cadre fixé en préalable au recueil de données, il est en perpétuelle évolution selon les ressources des locuteurs et la mobilisation des référents : et cela explique l’instabilité du sens des mots et des énoncés.C’est cette conception évolutive du contexte que les chercheurs tentent de décrire dans leurs analyses, ainsi que son influence sur ce qu’on dit et comment on le dit aux différents niveaux de la production discursive. On tente ici de l’expliciter à travers de nombreuses références à des travaux publiés depuis plus de quarante-cinq ans.
Advanced Deep Learning Applications in Big Data Analytics
Authors: Manian Venkatesan , P. Vadivel
Published: October 2020

This chapter analyzes the Internet of Things (IoT), its history, and its tools in brief. This chapter also explores the contribution of IoT towards the recent development in infrastructure development of nations represented as smart world. This chapter also discuss the contribution of IoT towards big data analytics era. This chapter also briefly introduce the smart bio world and how it is made possible with the internet of things. This chapter also introduces the machine learning approaches and also discusses the contribution of Internet of Thing for this machine learning. This chapter also briefly introduces some tools used for IoT developments.
Machine Learning Techniques in Spam Detection
Authors: Bouarara Yasmin
Published: October 2020

Spam, a contraction of rotten email (or junk email), is a global and massive phenomenon. And as long as email exists, this real problem will always exist. However, it is possible to significantly limit the effects of spam. To do this, you just have to use various anti-spam technologies wisely. In this chapter, the authors present the definitions of spam and its evolution, its objectives and impacts, as well as the different approaches and techniques used for detecting and filtering it.
Successful Implementation of Web 2.0 in Non-Profit Organisations
Authors: Pífano Sara , Isaias Pedro , Miranda Paula
Published: October 2020

Non-profit organizations are becoming aware of the resourcefulness of Web 2.0 in terms of user engagement, communication, collaboration, and fundraising. Nonetheless, within the context of these organizations, the full potential of Web 2.0 technologies remains unrealized. This chapter explores the aspects that contribute to the successful implementation of Web 2.0 in non-profit organizations by using a case study of an international non-profit entity. The case study is based on an online questionnaire that was distributed among the members of the organization. The findings place an emphasis on the importance of the user-friendliness of the application, the participation of the users, on the availability of relevant content, and on the existence of features to create/exchange content in a multiplicity of formats.
Expanding Equity and Access in State-Authorized Charter Schools
Authors: Marks Ryan , Vickland Clare
Published: October 2020

Charter schools are founded on principles of autonomy, accountability, and parent and family choice. Charter school authorizers occupy a unique space at the nexus of these ideas, which allows them to take an active role to drive change to improve access and equity in schools. This chapter describes how one charter school authorizer planned for and implemented a successful diversity, equity, and inclusion initiative. The case study specifically outlines the approach of the Colorado Charter School Institute (CSI) in implementing equity audits to leverage data to build relationships and supports. Though the concept of analyzing equity data is not novel, the partnership approach employed by CSI to support, rather than evaluate, schools is uncommon. This approach has led to improvements in student outcomes and an increase in equity across the portfolio and can be applied by practitioners across many contexts, including district schools, nonprofits, and corporations seeking to improve both access and equity for diverse populations.
Innovation of SMEs and Their Effect on Productivity in Jalisco
Authors: Vargas-Hernández José G.
Published: October 2020

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Jalisco represent one of the main entities of economic activity that supports the bulk of the population living in the state; using statistics as a fundamental tool for conducting studies in the economic, natural, health sciences, among others, allows one to have proactive foundations for decision making within companies by senior executives and in the field public by officials responsible for promoting the growth of the industry in the State of Jalisco. This research tries to represent, under a statistical scheme, the use and disposition of information and communication technologies (ICTs) as a tool to increase average productivity levels within companies and under the Cobb production function. Douglas determines the ICT impact.
Teaching and Learning for Global Citizenship in the EFL Classroom
Authors: Lourenço Mónica , Simões Ana Raquel
Published: October 2020

This chapter reports on a case study that aimed to understand how global citizenship education (GCE) can be integrated in the English as a Foreign Language (EFL) curriculum. In order to do that, the authors analyze the practicum reports of two pre-service teachers, which included the GCE projects they developed in a primary or in an upper secondary school, and the personal reflections they wrote at the end of the academic term. The first analytical procedure consisted in the identification of the topics, goals, methodologies, activities, and resources outlined by the pre-service teachers for their projects. Then, the authors analyzed the personal reflections to pinpoint learning outcomes, limitations, and recommendations. Finally, using a grounded theory approach, which drew on the data and on literature review, the authors propose a theoretical model for GCE pedagogies that provides possibilities for concrete EFL practices and teacher education programs.
Socio-Ecological Literacy
Authors: Vasconcelos Lia T. , Farrall Helena , Ferreira José Carlos R.
Published: October 2020

In this chapter, the authors, dealing with an uncertain and complex context, defend that socio-ecological literacy is crucial for societal evolution since it contributes to changes in attitudes and behaviors, and, as a consequence, it promotes society transformation. This can be accomplished through Social Labs (SL), carefully designed and professionally facilitated, promoting genuine dialogue. These SL end up operating as privileged learning spaces contributing to socio-ecological literacy citizenship. Through evaluative interviews of the stakeholders involved in the SL created within the MARGov Project, the authors show how the SL created were able to bring to the table angry stakeholders and turn a negative discourse into a positive one, engaging the community in search of joint solutions. As reported by the participants, knowledge was expanded and new knowledge was built during the sessions showing that the multiplicity of learnings does contribute to the promotion of a more resilient and sustainable community, while increasing the socio-ecological literacy of the ones engaged.
Sustainable Entrepreneurial Thinking
Authors: van Weperen Ernst Jan , de Koning Jonneke , Vermeulen Gijs , van der Spek Titus
Published: October 2020

The Sustainable Entrepreneurial Thinking module aims to help shape the global citizens necessary to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. A global citizen has a certain set of competencies, and the module develops activities that train those competencies. The SET module uses the adjectival form ‘sustainable'. When presented adjectivally the question arises as to what one is trying to sustain? This module explores the ability to sustain “the self”, “the planet”, “the organization”, and, as the course progresses, the interconnectedness of all three. Using the awareness developed in “the sustainable self” and the knowledge gained in “the sustainable planet,” students adopt the mind-set of a sustainable entrepreneur by taking on a societal challenge related to one or more SDGs, and developing innovative entrepreneurial solutions to tackle it. In the process, they train the skills, develop the knowledge, and shape the attitude on their path to becoming global citizens.
Governance, Civic and Geographic Education, and Local Development
Authors: Gonçalves Carlos , Claudino Sérgio
Published: October 2020

Civic and geographic education determines, fosters, and consolidates governance systems. To this end, calling for the participation of young people is both indispensable and difficult. The case study that we discuss in this chapter, the “We Propose” Project (PNP), makes use of geography's own competences to operationalize principles that reinforce the citizenship and governance systems needed to consolidate democracy. The results show that this case study has the right principles and methodology to engage young people. These aspects are significant to the construction of public policies that foster civic education, territorial culture, and civic participation in governance systems.
Staging Theatrical Child-Centric Violence
Authors: Hodge Matthew
Published: October 2020

Prolific and controversial British-Irish playwright Martin McDonagh has built a prominent career on genre-bending works that combine irreverent humor and aggressive violence. His award-winning black comedy play The Pillowman, which premiered in 2003 at London's renowned National Theatre, is one of the playwright's most well-known and divisive pieces of theatre. Arguably, the play's most memorable moments involve segments reenacting original twisted fairy tale-esque stories. The majority of McDonagh's dark tales center on children characters enduring acts of violence and cruelty, ultimately concluding with disturbing endings. The Pillowman script offers few instructions in its storytelling scenes, allowing—even demanding—artistic ownership of each production's unique aesthetic approach to the unsettling material. This chapter discusses the divisiveness of McDonagh's work, his inspiration from violence in historical fairy tales, and the sensitive considerations and controversies theatre leadership teams must ponder when staging fictionalized child-centric violence.
Urbanization Violence to Nature
Authors: Gölbey Aslı Güneş , Kaylı Ayşenur
Published: October 2020

With the uncontrollable population growth in the cities, the rising need for settlement has increased the needs of the cities, as well as making the cities consumption centres. The housing intensity of urbanization were damaged at first, then the farms and agricultural production areas in the city periphery, and then it directly affected the natural resources such as air, water, soil, flora, and fauna. However, nature did not remain unresponsive to these events and responded to human beings with various natural disasters. Eventually, the human violence on nature has turned into the abuse nature exerts on human beings, with disasters such as earthquakes, floods, landslides, and fire as a kind of revenge of nature. The future of humanity becomes dependent on reconciliation with nature and adaptation to a sustainable lifestyle. This chapter examines the violence between human nature and urbanization with its causes and possible consequences and offers reconciliation suggestions for a sustainable life.
Dystopic Pleasure
Authors: Yaman Deniz
Published: October 2020

In the 1980s and 1990s, there were indispensable elements for the science fiction movies: cyborgs. This half-biologic and half-machine species had fully developed intelligence. And there was such a future fiction that appeared in these films that, on the one hand, raised admiration for the technologies that have not yet emerged, and on the other hand raised serious future concerns. The purpose of this study is to discuss the interaction of fear, artificial intelligence, and humans. And it is also aimed to research the way of representation of this interaction via aestheticization. Because of this, The Lawnmower (1992) has been chosen and analyized within the context of Production of Space Theory by Lefebvre. The Lawnmower has an importance about the imagining of dystopic and aesthetic way artificial intelligence technology would affect human life in the near future.
Resisting With Art
Authors: Kocabay-Sener Nihal
Published: October 2020

Surveillance has become an element of everyday life. Modern society is used to surveillance. It has become inconspicuous. But art makes surveillance apparent. In this chapter, the notion of surveillance art was debated, and surveillance art was evaluated as activist art. In surveillance art, there are artworks created by singular artists or art groups. In this chapter, two groups were analyzed: Surveillance Camera Players and Manifesto for CCTV Filmmakers. The two art groups focused on CCTV. Surveillance Camera Players tried to take attention by playing in front of the CCTV in the public sphere. Surveillance Camera Players created awareness for surveillance cameras that normalized in everyday life. Manifesto for CCTV Filmmakers also invited to make a film via CCTV footage. The manifesto noticed to determine with the act. Consequently, surveillance art creates social awareness, and it is a way to resist surveillance.
Aestheticizing Violence Within Transmedia Storytelling Context
Authors: Zengin Ferhat , Kapır Bahadır
Published: October 2020

In this study, V for Vendetta (2006) directed by James McTeigue, is analysed based on Henry Jenkins's transmedia storytelling terms. Henry Jenkins defines re-creating a story with different media tools as “transmedia storytelling” and evaluates this new storytelling form that emerged in the digital age as a new aesthetic linked with active participation that creates new demands on the consumer. V for Vendetta with a large fan audience has a story that became the symbol of the social movements that emerged against totalitarian regimes created in the modern state and social organisation. The story V for Vendetta that was first published at the beginning of 1980s as a dystopic comic book prioritising violence and terror experienced changes in the story with the effect of different narrative media. Within this context, this study with Henry Jenkins's transmedia storytelling theoretical basis analyzes how the main narrative elements of the story such as terror, violence, fear, and freedom are reflected in the V for Vendetta movie by using semiotic methods.
Strengthening Graduate Programs by Engaging Students as Co-Designers
Authors: Bishop Robin M. , Ishikawa Jaede K.
Published: October 2020

This chapter will tell the story of how a cohort of master's students were engaged in a project-based course in which their problem to be tackled was the re-design of their larger program curriculum. In addition to gaining transferable skills from this co-designer's experience, these students left with a sense of legacy and the satisfaction that the program would better serve future cohorts. The authors discuss how students-as-partners approaches are informed by tenets of project-based learning and inquiry-based learning. They explore how students navigate frustrations within the ambiguity of these learning environments, and how the navigation of this initial uncertainty may contribute to the development of greater agency. Finally, the authors offer a consideration of how these teaching approaches may help fulfill the goals of critical pedagogy.
Understanding Self to Engage With the “Other”
Authors: Vital Louise Michelle
Published: October 2020

In this chapter, the author utilizes a reflexive approach to examine their experience revising a core course focused on identity, belonging, and exclusion in a categorized world that is housed in an international higher education graduate program in the United States. The author describes their positionality as a first-generation American and daughter of Haitian immigrants and how it informs their approaches in the classroom. Included in the chapter is a description of the author's teaching philosophy and how it is operationalized in practice. This is followed by a discussion on how external events, both locally and globally, including the COVID-19 pandemic and racial injustice in the U.S., has implications for their teaching. The author includes a description of course activities followed by excerpts from students' evaluation of the course. The chapter concludes with the author's reflection on student outcomes and their teaching experience.
Definition and History of Smart Cities
Authors: Lyu Kangjuan , Hao Miao
Published: October 2020

This chapter summarizes the development of cities, in terms of structural tendencies and the essence and problem of traditional cities. Then the definition of smart cities and their characteristics are discussed. Therefore, the development of AI (artificial intelligence) is the origin and technical basis of smart cities. Through big data and cloud computing, AI will reinvent traditional cities. Finally, varied applications of artificial intelligence technology in smart cities are explored including basic infrastructures such as monitoring systems, urban transportation, urban planning, and public services, such as medical and health, security, and varied fields in life.
The Development of Smart Cities in the World
Authors: Lyu Kangjuan
Published: October 2020

In this chapter, the development of some typical smart cities are illustrated, and the successful experiences are summarized. The authors first overviewed the smart city development in China as the government-oriented mode. Shanghai and Hangzhou are taken as examples. They then overviewed smart city development in Europe and America. Finally they analyzed innovation is the key for smart city, including continuous innovation of AI technology and its application, innovative residents, innovative enterprises, innovative government, and innovative organizational platform.
Core Technology of Smart Cities
Authors: Zhou Li , Yao Yingdong , Guo Rui , Xu Wei
Published: October 2020

Modern cities are in an era of information fusion and knowledge explosion. With the rapid development of global information technology and the in-depth advancement of urbanization, urban informatization, especially smart city, will become the theme of urban development. The concept of smart city has many influences on the future development of the city. The application of the new generation of information technology will change the operation mode of the city, improve the management and service level of the city, trigger scientific and technological innovation and industrial development, and create a better city life. This chapter will introduce the core technologies to promote the development of smart cities, including big data, BIM, internet of things, cloud computing, and virtual reality technology, and on this basis introduce the typical industrial applications of various technologies.
Intelligent Engineering Construction Management
Authors: Hu Min , Li Gang , Liu Xidong , Wu BingJian , Wang Yannian , Wu Zhongming , Zhang Qian
Published: October 2020

Urban infrastructure has a large regional span and long cycle, so it has the significant characteristics of large amounts of engineering data, strong surrounding environment uncertainty, and high engineering risk. This chapter explains how to fuse the heterogeneous information of BIM and GIS models to realize smooth roaming through the lightweight and hierarchical processing of the model. Aiming at multi-dimensional and high-frequency time series data, this chapter introduces the MFAD-URP abnormal event diagnosis model based on the meta-feature extraction and self-encoding recursive map technology, which is used for early warning of emergency events, and introduces the method of comprehensive engineering emergency management information system and disposal process design after emergencies. The chapter takes the remote intelligent management of the shield tunnel engineering as an example and describes how to build a platform-level multi-engineering information management system to provide effective remote guidance on issues such as progress and safety.
Performance Evaluation on the Intelligent Operation and Maintenance Mode of Public-Private Partnership Urban Infrastructure Projects
Authors: Du Juan , Xue Yan , Jin En , Hu Xiao , Yuan Yinong , Zhang Fan
Published: October 2020

With the participation of social capital, the operation and maintenance performance of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) urban infrastructure is becoming the key value-added point. This chapter summarizes and analyzes the problems of traditional urban infrastructure operation and maintenance (UIOM), and innovatively proposes the UIOM mode under the PPP background. Combined with the characteristics of the new generation of information technology, this chapter puts forward an efficient and intelligent UIOM mode with the features of intelligent decision-making, fine maintenance, technical optimization, capital saving, resource integration, and sustainability. This chapter takes the Highway Tunnel as the example, propose the Evaluation Index System for Intelligent UIOM Mode and implement the evaluation process using the AHP. The proposed intelligent UIOM Mode provides a scientific solution to the improvement of the subsequent evaluation system and the optimization of operation and maintenance decisions in PPP urban infrastructure projects.
Learning to Follow Directions in English Through a Virtual Reality Environment
Authors: Bacca-Acosta Jorge , Tejada Julian , Ospino-Ibañez Carlos
Published: October 2020

Learning how to give and follow directions in English is one of the key topics in regular English as a Foreign Language (EFL) courses. However, this topic is commonly taught in the classroom with pencil and paper exercises. In this chapter, a scaffolded virtual reality (VR) environment for learning the topic of following directions in English is introduced. An eye tracking study was conducted to determine how students perceive the scaffolds for completing the learning task, and an evaluation of acceptance and usability was conducted to identify the students' perceptions. The results show that scaffolds in the form of text and images are both effective for increasing the students' learning performance. The gaze frequency is higher for the textual scaffold, but the duration of gaze fixations is lower for the scaffolds in the form of images. The acceptance and usability of the VR environment were found to be positive.
Comparative Analysis of the Communication in Western and Eastern Culture
Authors: Olenich Tamara Stanislavovna , Mekushkin Andrey Aleksandrowich , Shestopalova-Todarchuk Olesya Anatolewna
Published: October 2020

This chapter argues for peculiarities of intercultural communication with such a closed society as Iran. It starts from an interesting and comprehensive analysis of what is regarded to be ‘intercultural communication' that is crucial important for the touristic sphere. To narrate the phenomenon on the intercultural communication within Iran, this chapter aims to reveal that though communication process within the Iranian society is based upon the tradition and religion, the country is tolerant and friendly to the foreigners. The necessity is for the people who visit the country to understand the difference between the Eastern and Western cultures and traditions. The communication in the Eastern society is based on the ancient customs and foundations, but the communication in the Western society is characterized by technological and rational knowledge of the world. Finally, this chapter attempts to propose a new understanding of communicational process in Iran, which will create possibilities for mutual understanding and cooperation with this country.
The Influence of Religion on Political Parties of the European Union
Authors: Tryma Kateryna , Salnikova Natalia
Published: October 2020

The chapter is aimed to carry out discourse analysis of theoretical approaches and documents that highlight the issues of transformation of party-political systems of the EU countries. The religious factor is one of the catalysts for changes in modern parties of the EU, which, being different in their ideological orientation, electoral base, and territorial character, are influenced by general development trends. An important result of the discourse analysis is the conclusion about the weakening of the traditional parties, which from the national level has become a tendency of the pan-European political process. The religious factor stimulates the formation of small parties, which performs a great role in the development of tourism in the EU. The small parties are considered to be the defenders of local cultural and religious identities. The specific position of small parties to the development of tourism is caused by the wish to follow the economic interest and by the need to defend the local identities.
Promoting Religious Tourism Management for Creating a Soft Image of Pakistan
Authors: Sumra Kalsoom BeBe , Alam Muhammad Mehtab
Published: October 2020

The religious tourism management has been the subject of much attention in academic literature and has made a significant contribution in creating soft image in tourists' behavior. Pakistan has one of the best archaeological and religious historical sites in the world. Buddhist civilization at Taxila, Islamabad, Swat, and Takht Bai are of great interest for tourists from Japan, Korea, Thailand, and other countries. The aim of this chapter is to determine the promotion of religious tourism management for creating soft image in Pakistan. In this regard, initiatives of religious tourism by federal government are analyzed while incorporating input from easing immigration services, establishment of national tourism coordination board, infrastructure development, and pollution free environment, which leads to the soft image. An exploration of the nature of soft image requires examining the two key drivers: cognitive approach and the more recent cognitive-affective approach. Using quantitative method, various analysis techniques will be applied.