bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SPLENIC HAMARTOMA
Authors: Ohta Masatoshi , Tsutsumi Yutaka , Tanaka Yutaka
Published: December 2008

A 73‐year‐old female with a calcified splenic mass received exploratory laparotomy and subsequent splenectomy. The histologic diagnosis of the splenic tumor was hamartoma associated with secondary cystic degeneration and calcification of the cyst wall. The tumor was composed of red pulp‐like and white pulp‐like areas. The former contained many plasma cells and hyalinized trabecular vessels, while the main component in the latter was lymphocytes. Splenic hamartoma was first described by Rokitansky in 1861 under the name of “splenoma”. Usually, this rare tumor is asymptomatic and represents an incidental finding at autopsy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second case report of splenic hamartoma in Japan. The clinicopathological features of splenic hamartoma are briefly reviewed.
HISTOCHEMICAL, IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONS OF GIANT CELL TUMORS OF BONE
Authors: Emura Iwao , Inoue Yoshiya , Ohnishi Yoshihisa , Morita Tetsuro , Saito Hidehiko , Tajima Tatsuya
Published: December 2008

The origin and characteristics of so‐called stromal cells (stromal cell) and the osteoclast‐like giant cell series of 19 cases of giant cell tumor (G.C.T.) of bone were studied. Immunohistochemically, two interesting cases were found. The stromal cells of one case were α‐1‐antitrypsin positive and those of the other case were α‐1‐antichymotrypsin positive. The histiocytic stromal cells of the latter case seemed to be surely neoplastic since they showed mild to moderate cell atypism. There were foci consisting of fibroblastic cells or osteoid and osteoblasts within the tumor. Those cells in the foci were apparently continuous with the surrounding stromal cells, and they were, therefore, also considered to be neoplastic. These findings strongly indicate that the stromal cells originate from the undifferentiated mesenchymal cells in the bone marrow and may differentiate to osteoblastic, fibroblastic, and histiocytic cells. All cells of these three series were not stained for a high stable form of acid phosphatase (SAPhase). SAPhase activity was demonstrated only in osteoclast‐like giant cells and some mononuclear cells, which are recently believed to be non‐neoplastic. Therefore, the cell atypia of SAPhase negative stromal cells is considered to have a prognostic value.
A CASE OF NONTRAUMATIC CLOSTRIDIAL GAS GANGRENE OCCURRING IN A PATIENT WITH COLON ADENOCARCINOMA, LIVER CIRRHOSIS, AND DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Takeyama Masami , Mori Hiroshi , Nagareda Tomohumi , Kuroda Hideya , Yamane Tetsumi , Matsumoto Keishi , Terada Nobuyuki , Terai Chikanori , Nishide Kazuyuki
Published: December 2008

An autopsy case of clostridial gas gangrene occurring in a 54‐year‐old man with colon adenocarcinoma, liver cirrhosis, and diabetes mellitus is reported. The patient died 4 days after the onset of symptoms with episodes of vomiting and abdominal pain. Gangrene of both hips and perineum, hemolysis, renal failure, and disseminated intravascular coagulation were the dominant clinical features. Clostridium septicum was isolated from the subcutaneous tissue fluid. Adenocarcinoma of the ascending colon with ulceration found at autopsy was supposed to be an entry of the organism. Histologically, lesions of subcutaneous tissue and muscles were characterized by the absence of inflammatory infiltrates in spite of extensive necrosis. A summary of 35 cases of gas gangrene hospitalized to the Osaka University Hospital for the past 16 years indicates that clostridial gas gangrene patients with underlying diseases such as malignant neoplasm, diabetes, liver cirrhosis or immunodeficiency have a relatively poor prognosis.
PRIMARY INTRACRANIAL CHORIOCARCINOMA ARISING FROM THE PITUITARY FOSSA: Report of an Autopsy Case with Literature Review
Authors: Furukawa Fukumi , Haebara Hideyuki , Hamashima Yoshihiro
Published: December 2008

A 12‐year‐old Japanese girl with a primary intracranial choriocarcinoma arising from the pituitary fossa is reported. There was a markedly high level of serum human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) throughout the clinical course. Postmortem examination revealed metastatic lesions found in the cerebellum, dura mater, skull (clivus, sphenoidal bone), and lungs. Immunohistochemical characteristics of the primary intracranial tumor and lung lesions disclosed positive stainings for HCG and HCG‐beta in the neoplastic syncytiotrophoblastic cells.
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL EXPRESSION OF MAMMARY TUMOR VIRUS ANTIGENS IN MAMMARY GLANDS OF VIRGIN MICE, IN RELATION TO Mtv GENES
Authors: Tsubura Airo , Ueda Satoshi , Shikata Nobuaki , Morii Sotokichi , Tanaka Harutaka
Published: December 2008

MTV antigens in the resting mammary glands of GRS/A, SHN, C3H, and Balb/c virgin mice were detected by immunoperoxidase techniques using antiserum against MTV whole virion, gp 52 or p 25 to differentiate the expression between endogenous and exogenous MTV. Balb/c mice were crossed to infect MTV into each reciprocal hybrid or fosternursed inbred. Immunohisto‐chemical stainings of gp 52 in the formol‐fixed sections were almost the same as those of the whole MTV virion, and the results on various cases were as follows: In the mice with endogenous GR‐MTV, positivity was first observed at the age of 14 days, while the first expression of exogenous GR‐MTV was delayed to the age of 140 days. The mice with endogenous and/or exogenous SHN‐MTV showed the first antigen appearance at the age of 65 days, and those with exogenous C3H‐MTV did at the age of 80 days. The virgins with only endogenous C3H‐MTV came to express the antigen after the age of 200 days. Staining of p 25 in Carnoy‐fixed sections of MTV‐positive mammary glands was found in the supranuclear cytoplasm and apical surface of the glandular cells and the lumen, all of which are the site of A and B particles. By means of preembedding method for gp 52, the reaction products were ultrastructurally detected not only on the MTV‐budding apical surface, together with the intraluminal B particles, but also on the MTV‐free apical cell membrane of the glandular cells in the mammary gland of the GR virgins.
ADRENOCORTICAL ADENOMA WITH CUSHING'S SYNDROME IN CULTURE
Authors: Matsuo Kenji , Tsuchiyama Hideo
Published: December 2008

Two adrenocortical adenomata with Cushing's syndrome were examined employing cell culture methods. The results revealed that the clear‐type cells changed into compact‐type cells, and that the compact cells played a role in the production and secretion of steroid hormones. Furthermore, it is likely that they underwent fragmentation and produced collagen fibrils.
MALIGNANT FIBROUS HISTIOCYTOMA WITH WIDESPREAD METASTASIS AND PULMONARY CANCER
Authors: Hiasa Yoshio , Shimoyama Taketo , Kitahori Yoshiteru , Konishi Noboru , Sakaguchi Yasuhiro , Murata Yoshio , Mikasa Keiichi , Narita Nobuhiro , Mikami Riichiro
Published: December 2008

An autopsy case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) with widespread metastases and lung carcinoma in a 64‐year‐old Japanese woman is reported. The initial signs were cough and sputum, followed by hemosputum. A chest X‐ray photo showed a right pleural tumor, which could not be identified from a biopsy specimen, but was identified as MFH by light and electron microscopic studies on biopsy specimens of tongue tumors. Autopsy examination revealed metastases of the MFH to the brain, lung, liver, kidney, adrenal, pancreas, retroperitoneum, and some bones, and pulmonary adenocarcinoma.
IMMUNOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY RELATED TO MYOGLOBIN IN MYASTHENIC AND NON‐MYASTHENIC THYMUSES
Authors: Koeda Takane
Published: December 2008

Twelve biopsied thymuses taken from 4 cases with myasthenia gravis (MG group) and 8 cases without myasthenia gravis (control group) including 2 thymoma cases in each group were immunopathologically investgated in relation to myoglobin (Mb). Mb positive cells of various degrees were detected in all thymuses of both groups, and immunoelectron microscopical examination disclosed that Mb positive cells corresponded to interdigitating reticulum cells and myoid cells in non‐neoplastic thymuses, and neoplastic epithelial reticular cells in thymomas. Anti‐Mb antibody staining by direct immunoperoxidase technique revealed positive localization to the lymphoid cells in the thymuses of 2 cases of MG group with thymoma. In addition, indirect immunofluorescent study with the serum of each case which was applied to the normal human skeletal muscle, showed positive staining of the sarcoplasm in 3 cases of MG group, including 2 thymoma cases, and using peroxidase labeled serum IgG F(ab')2 of the same patients this anti‐muscle antibodies were proved to be against both postsynaptic cytosol and sarcoplasm of the extraocular muscle of the guinea pig. From these results, it was suggested that Mb may conduct itself as a homologous antigen between the thymus and the skeletal muscle in the myasthenic patient with thymoma, and in the thymus the interdigitating reticulum cell, the myoid cell, or the neoplastic epithelial reticular cell may retain or produce Mb as an antigen‐presenting cell.
THE PRESENCE OF INTRACYTOPLASMIC CONFRONTING CISTERNAE OF THE ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM IN OSTEOSARCOMA CELLS IN INTERPHASE
Authors: Nakanishi Isao , Katsuda Shogo , Okada Yoshikatsu , Oda Yoshio , Matsubara Fujitsugu
Published: December 2008

Confronting cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum recognized in tumor cells of 7 cases of osteosarcoma were presented. They were found in the mitotic cells as well as in the cytoplasms of interphase cells. The more the mitotic cells were observed in 1 μm‐thick sections, the more frequently those membranous structures were encountered in the corresponding ultrathin sections. In the interphase cells, such structures were located around Golgi apparatus or close to the nucleus. Occasionally, they were composed of a pair of closely apposed cisternae of the nuclear membrane and the rough endoplasmic reticulum. These results seem to indicate that the nuclear envelope which is disrupted and reformed during mitosis in rapidly proliferating cells takes part in the formation of the confronting cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum.
GRIFFONIA SIMPLICIFOLIA I‐A4 STAINING OF MICE GLOMERULAR TUFTS AND ITS ALTERATION IN DIABETIC MICE
Authors: Yonezawa Suguru , Shibata Masao , Shimizu Takeshi , Nakamura Takao , Sato Eiichi
Published: December 2008

An isolectin from Griffonia simplicifolia (GS) seed—GSI‐A4—stained the outer aspect of glomerular tuft (GT) intensely in the kidneys of ICR, C57BL/6J, BALB/c and NSY mice. Loss of the GSI‐A4 staining was observed in the sclerotic areas of glomeruli in diabetic mice (NSY mice). This interesting staining will be useful for the analysis of the constitutions of GT in various experimental models of renal glomerular diseases in mice.
ATROPHY AND DUCTOPENIA OF THE RIGHT HEPATIC LOBE IN A PATIENT WITH GHOLEDOCHOLITHIASIS
Authors: Nakanuma Yasuni , Nakamura Yasutaka , Hoso Masahiro , Ohta Goroku
Published: December 2008

An extremely rare case of atrophy and extensive ductopenia of the right hepatic lobe is presented. The surgically resected atrophic right lobe (100 g) did not show cholestasls or cirrhosis. The right hepatic bile duct revealed sclerosis with luminal obliteration and marked diminution of its branches. The extrahepatic bile duct contained a single cholesterol stone. The right portal vein branches showed luminal narrowing. Disturbance of biliary drainage following sclerosing cholangitis and impediment of portal venous flow in the right hepatic lobe were considered responsible for atrophy of the lobe. Although choledocholithiasis presumably played an important part in the pathogenesis of the sclerosing cholangitis and ductopenia, the reason for selective involvement of the right biliary tree remains nuclear.
BIZARRE LEIOMYOBLASTOMA OF THE CERVIX UTERI
Authors: Ito Hisao , Sasaki Naomi , Miyagawa Kazuyasu , Tahara Eiichi
Published: December 2008

A case of bizarre leiomyoblastoma (BL) of the cervix uteri which developed in a 44‐year‐old premenopausal woman was reported. The tumor was found as a cervical polyp by routine pelvic examination. Histologically, it was composed of epithelioid and bizarre, often multlnucleated, giant tumor cells without elevated mitotic counts and necrosis. Electronmicroscopically, abundant myofilaments in epithelioid tumor cells were observed. Immunoreactive desmln, GPK‐MM (creatinine kinase mm‐isozyme), and myosin could be demonstarted in most of the epithelioid tumor cells. These immunohisto‐chemical findings seemed to reflect on the differentiation of the tumor cells to smooth muscle and provide a reliable evidence for the smooth muscle origin. The histogenesis and relationship between the histopathological findings and clinical behaviour of uterine BL were also discussed.
A QUANTITATIVE AND HISTOLOGICAL STUDY ON PULMONARY EFFECTS OF ASBESTOS EXPOSURE IN GENERAL AUTOPSIED LUNGS
Authors: Kobayashi Hiroshi , Watanabe Hisashi , Zhang Wei Ming , Ohnishi Yoshihisa
Published: December 2008

We demonstrated the distribution of asbestos bodies (ABs) in the lungs of 656 consecutive autopsy cases by KOH digestion method. Nine patients including one case with asbestosis had more than a thousand ABs. These patients were all blue‐collar workers except the two cases without occupational history. The tissue sections for these patients revealed the constant presence of more than one or two ABs. In addition, five of these subjects had parenchymal and/or peribronchiolar fibrosis. On the basis of the result of AB counts, we selected 17 subjects for enumeration and typing of asbestos fibers (AFs). The number of AFs roughly correlated with that of ABs. However, the ratio of AFs to ABs ranged from 13 to 3,700. The fiber types in our selected subjects were almost always amphibole (crocidolite, amosite). These findings indicate that modest or secondary exposure to asbestos causes virtual asbestosis to several subjects among the general population.
CALCITONIN‐PRODUCING INSULINOMA: An Immunohistochemical and Electron Microscopic Study
Authors: Ooi Akishi , Nakanishi Isao , Kameya Toru , Funaki Yoshinori , Kobayashi Katsuyoshi
Published: December 2008

A pancreatic endocrine tumor measuring 1.5×1.0×1.0 cm in a 67‐year‐old man with recurrent hypoglycemic attacks was examined by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. The tumor cells were relatively uniform, and almost all of them were immunoreactive to Insulin. A few calcitoninpositive cells could be identified scattering in tumor cell strands, and the content of calcitonin in the tumor was 85 ng/g wet tissue. Coexistence of insulin and calcitonin in tumor cells was demonstrated by using adjacent semithin sections of the Epon‐embedded material. Electron microscopically, the tumor consisted of a single type of cells with secretory granules identical to B‐cell granules in the normal counterpart.
ADENOID SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA OF THE SKIN OVERLYING THE RIGHT BREAST: An Autopsy Case Clinically Manifested with Rapid Growth and Widely Spreading Metastases
Authors: Watanabe Kishichiro , Mukawa Akio , Saito Katsuhiko , Nakanishi Isao , Tsuda Hironobu
Published: December 2008

An autopsy case of a 62‐year‐old woman with a poorly differentiated, aggressive form of adenoid squamous cell carcinoma arising in the skin overlying the right breast was studied. The tumor, 9×8cm in diameter, had rapidly enlarged since one year before admission from a verrucous lesion of 20 years duration. The histologic features of the tumor showed a well‐differentiated squamous cell carcinoma mainly in the superficial areas, which transformed into, with a zone of transition in between, an alveolar or adenoid structure in the deep invading portion. The adenoid tumor cells exhibited an undifferentiated appearance with prominent nucleoli and frequent mitotic figures. These cells partly showed dyskeratotic or acantholytic features. Mucin was negative. The patient died at 8 months after the operation. Autopsy revealed widely spreading metastases in which an adenoid structure was outstanding. These unusual pathological features and an aggressive behavior of this tumor, which were hitherto rarely described for adenoid squamous cell carcinoma, seemed to be a poorly differentiated variant of the tumor. This malignant transformation might be derived from loss of cohesion of the pre‐existing usual well‐differentiated squamous cell carcinoma in the basal and parabasal layers, inparting marked invasiveness of these cells into the supporting connective tissue.
UHL'S ANOMALY AS A RESULT OF PROGRESSION TO VENTRICULAR DILATION FROM HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY
Authors: Yutani Chikao , Imakita Masami , Ishibashi‐Ueda Hatsue , Nagata Seiki , Sakakibara Hiroshi , Nimura Yasuharu
Published: December 2008

A 17‐year‐old female with clinically diagnosed Uhl's anomaly died of intractable congestive heart failure, liver cirrhosis, and protein losing gas‐troenteropathy. Cardiac catheterization, echocardiography and nuclear angiography proved to be valuable in making the diagnosis. At autopsy, there was widespread myocardial disarray and extensive fibrosis of both ventricles which led to, inparticular, almost total absence of the myocardium of the right ventricle. The present case implicated that certain case of Uhl's anomaly might be related to widespread myocardial disarray and extensive fibrosis, which is known as idiopathic cardiomyopathy.
FETAL ASCITES A Report of 3 Autopsy Cases
Authors: Sakamoto Akira , Matsuo Kenji , Kawai Kioko , Yoshida Kuniko , Fukuda Kazumasa , Nakano Masato , Nakatani Akira , Tsuchiyama Hideo , Tagawa Hiroyuki
Published: December 2008

Three rare autopsy cases of fetal ascites were presented and the etiology of each case was described. Case 1 was a male neonate, delivered by cesarean section at 32 weeks’gestation, and died of respiratory failure. The abdomen was remarkably distended with 1020 ml of ascites. The etiology of Case 1 remained unknown even after macroscopic and microscopic examinations. We considered this as “idiopathic” fetal ascites. Case 2 was a female neonate, delivered at 31 weeks’gestation, with marked abdominal distension and cyanosis. Autopsy revealed 435 ml of ascites, and she was considered to have had “polysplenia syndrome” with cardiovascular malformations. Intrauterine heart failure due to cardiac anomalies was thought to be the cause of this ascites. In case 3 embryotomy was carried out under the diagnosis of fetal ascites by ultrasound examination at 22 weeks’gestation. An urachal cyst connected to the dilated urinary bladder and deficiency of musculature of the abdominal wall composed of loose connective tissue with calcification were observed. The abdominal wall was ruptured and 1,960 ml of ascites was measured. Polycystic kidney with renal dysplasia was also found. Case 3 showed “Prune‐Berry syndrome” and fetal ascites may have arisen from these anomalies.
MINOR SALIVARY GLAND SWELLING IN PATIENT WITH SJOGREN'S SYNDROME
Authors: Takeda Yasunori , Suzuki Atsumi , Kuroda Masafumi , Fujioka Yukio , Takayama Kazuo
Published: December 2008

A case of Sjögren's syndrome with an unusual minor salivary gland swelling is reported. The patient was a 63‐year‐old female with a chief complaint of palatal swelling and dry mouth. Clinical examination revealed diffuse swelling of the hard palate and bilateral parotid regions, and sialographic examination of the parotid gland showed evidence of sialoangiectasia. His‐topathological findings of the palatal and parotid lesions revealed intense lymphoid cell infiltration replacing the salivary gland parenchyma, and scattered epimyoepithelial islands throughout the lesions. Although it is well known that major salivary gland swelling caused by marked lymphoid cell infiltration is one of the common features in patients with Sjogren's syndrome, a similar swelling in the region of the minor salivary glands is not usually apparent.
IDIOPATHIC PORTAL HYPERTENSION ASSOCIATED WITH POLYCLONAL HYPERIMMUNOGLOBULINEMIA
Authors: Tsujimura Takahiro , Nakanishi Toru , Sano Hitoshi , Takeuchi Tadashi
Published: December 2008

We report a case of idiopathic portal hypertension associated with prominent polyclonal hyperimmunoglobulinemia and plasmacytosis in the bone marrow and the spleen. Microscopic examination of the liver showed chronic inflammation in the portal area and abnormal vasculature adjacent to the portal tracts. In the spleen, polyclonal plasma cell proliferation was demonstrated histochemically in addition to the presence of remarkable sinus hyperplasia and periarterial fibrosis. In the present case, a chronic inflammatory state such as connective tissue disease was strongly suspected to exist in the liver, since pancytopenia and hyperimmunoglobulinemia persisted even after splenectomy. It is suggested that the pathogenesis in the present case may have been due to this chronic inflammatory state. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 37: 1645‐1651, 1987.
LIVER INJURY WITH PERIVENULAR FIBROSIS AND ALCOHOLIC HYALIN AFTER PANCREATODUODENECTOMY FOR PANCREATIC CARCINOMA
Authors: Nakanuma Yasuni , Ohta Goroku , Konishi Ichiro , Shima Yuichi
Published: December 2008

We describe a patient who developed progressive hepatic failure one year after pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic carcinoma and died of gastrointestinal bleeding. He suffered from progressive weight loss after surgery, even though obstruction or stenosis of the gastrointestinal tract was excluded. At autopsy, the liver showed extensive perivenular flbrosis associated with variable loss of hepatocytes, perisinusoidal flbrosis, alcoholic hyalin and a lack of parenchymal regenerative activity, all of which closely resembled severe alcoholic liver disease. Stricture of both the main pancreatic duct and the pancreaticojejunostomy with almost complete loss of exocrine acini was also found, and the recurrent tumor was seen to have caused portal venous obstruction and hepatic arterial stenosis. A combination of these nutritionally unfavorable circumstances and prolonged ischemia appeared to have been responsible for the liver injury in this non‐alcoholic patient.
CARDIAC RHABDOMYOMA: A Case Report with Reference to Atrial Natriuretic Peptide
Authors: Takatoh Hidekichi , Iwamoto Hisashi , Ikezu Mitsuru , Katoh Norio , Kaneko Hiroshi , Ishikawa Hiroshi , Kamoi Kyuji
Published: December 2008

An autopsy case of cardiac rhabdomyoma in a male infant is reported. Many nodules of rhabdomyoma were present in all four cardiac chambers and were microscopically composed of ovoid, glycogen‐laden cells and typical “spider cells”. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) was immunohistochemically demonstrated in both normal myocytes and rhabdomyoma cells of both atria, but not in normal myocytes and rhabdomyoma cells of both ventricles. Ultrastructurally, atrial specific granules were present in atrial rhabdomyoma cells and normal atrial cardiocytes, and these showed ANP immunoreactivity with protein A‐gold technique. It could be said that the localization and intracel‐Mar distribution of ANP in this cardiac rhabdomyoma were closely similar to those of normal human heart. With regard to the presence of ANP, cardiac rhabdomyoma cells arising in atria seemed to differ from those in ventricles, although many tumor nodules occurred in both atria and ventricles. Furthermore, it seemed that cardiac rhabdomyomas could also be divided into two parts: 1) an atrial part with ANP, and 2) a ventricular part without ANP. Therefore, this study confirms the hypothesis that cardiac rhabdomyoma is a hamartoma rather than a true neoplasm. ACTA PATHOL JPN 38: 95–104, 1988.
A COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF LIVER INJURY AFTER DIFFERENT COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPIES FOR LEUKEMIA
Authors: Tanaka Hisako , Kawakami Makio , Kuraishi Yasunobu , Meguro Sadayasu , Ishikawa Eisei
Published: December 2008

A form of liver injury charcterized by bile ductule‐like transformation of hepatocytes, prominent hemosiderin deposition and fibrosis, was occasionally encountered in autopsy cases we examined during the period from 1973 to 1981. It was found that this liver injury was irreversible and intimately related to combination chemotherapy with the DCMP regimen (daunorubicin, cytosine arabinoside, 6MP and prednisolone) for acute non‐lymphocytic leukemia (ANLL). Its correlation was reconfirmed by the fact that this liver injury disappeared after withdrawal of the DCMP regimen in 1981. After 1978, the regimen of combination chemotherapy for adult ANLL was partly changed, 6‐thioguanine being utilized (DCTP) instead of the 6MP in the DCMP regimen. The hepatic injury occurring after the change in the regimen was different from that produced with DCMP, showing reversible intrahepatic cholestasis. These facts indicated that substitution for one drug in a combination chemotherapy regimen could cause a different type of hepatic change. ACTA PATHOL JPN 38: 1417–1432, 1988.
CARCINOID TUMOR OF THE MIDDLE EAR: An Immunohistochemical and Electron Microscopic Study Report of a Case
Authors: Sakurai Masami , Mori Nozomu , Horiuchi Ougi , Matsuura Nariaki , Kobayashi Yasushi
Published: December 2008

A primary tumor of the middle ear was examined histologically, histochemi‐cally, immunohistochemically and ultrastructurally. Neuroendocrine cell differentiation, a carcinoid feature, was demonstrated by the presence of numerous argyrophil granules, as well as positive serotonin, glicentin, glucagon, and human pancreatic polypeptide (hPP) granules in some of the Grimelium‐positive cells. Chromogranin A was also detected in the cells, but much less frequently than Grimelius‐positive staining. Neither neuron‐specific enolase (NSE) nor epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) was demonstrated in the tumor. Mucin was demonstrated only intraluminally. Electron microscopy revealed many typical neurosecretory granules in tumor cells, but no apical mucin granules. The tumor appeared to be benign, and there has been no sign of recurrence during a postoperative period of one year. ACTA PATHOL JPN38: 1453–1460, 1988.
FATAL YERSINIA ENTEROCOLITICA SEPTICEMIA COMPLICATED BY UNIQUE HEMOSIDEROSIS: A Case Report
Authors: Shibuya Hiroyuki , Ando Mitsutoshi , Kuroda Kyoko , Naoe Shiro , Maruyama Tsutomu
Published: December 2008

A fatal case of Yersinia enterocolitica septicemia which was complicated by unique hemosiderosis is reported. On admission, the patient had diabetes and showed unusual hyperferritinemia. Postmortem examination revealed that the liver was studded with abscesses, and Yersinia antigen was expressed in foamy macrophages within these abscesses. Moreover, the cadaver showed generalized hemosiderin deposition, which was mainly observed in the liver and, to lesser degrees, in the pancreas, spleen, lymph nodes, brain, thyroid and kidneys. Since there was no apparent cause of the hyperferritinemia and generalized hemosiderosis, consideration was given to possible primary hemo‐chromatosis. However, no liver or pancreatic fibrosis was demonstrated. Kupffer cells were also loaded with hemosiderin, and therefore it was considered that these cells had lost their ability to phagocytize the microorganism adequately, leading to major liver involvement. Interestingly, hemosiderin deposits in the kidneys were mostly present in glomerular epithelial cells. To our knowledge, this unique presentation has not been previously described in humans. ACTA PATHOL JPN 38: 1461–1472. 1988.
ACUTE LEUKEMIA OF MEGAKARYOCYTE LINEAGE WITH TUMOR FORMATION: An Autopsy Case of Patient with Down's Syndrome
Authors: Hoshikawa Nariyoshi , Shirasawa Kenjiro , Niino Hitoshi , Hasegawa Noriko , Fukuzumi Naoyoshi
Published: December 2008

In this report we present the autopsy findings of acute megakaryoblastic leukemia with tumor formation in a 2‐year‐old female infant with Down's syndrome. Chromosomal analysis of blast cells revealed constitutional anomaly of trisomy 21 and two other related types of abnormal clones. Flow cytometric examination revealed blast cells expressing Ia‐like or HLA‐DR antigens. Postmortem examination showed extensive inffltration of leukemic cells in most of the examined organs, including the bone marrow with myelofibrosis. Tumor masses in the maxillary, frontal and femoral bones and the atria of the heart had undergone massive infiltration of atypical blast cells with an increase in the reticulin network. The final diagnosis was confirmed by ultrastructural cytochemistry of the platelet peroxidase reaction as well as by immunological staining utilizing anti‐platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa, anti‐platelet factor 4 and anti‐β‐thromboglobulin antibodies for the blast cells. It seems likely that platelet‐derived growth factor, secondary to an increase in the reticulin network, plays a major role in myelofibrosis of acute megakaryoblastic leukemia with tumor formation. ACTA PATHOL JPN 38: 193–207, 1988.
CLEAR CELL ADENOCARCINOMA OF THE FEMALE URETHRA A Case Report
Authors: Kusuyama Yoji , Yoshida Megumi , Uekado Yasunari , Ogawa Toshitaka , Fujinaga Takuji , Kuribayashi Koichi , Saito Koji
Published: December 2008

A case of urethral clear cell adenocarcinoma (mesonephric carcinoma) in a 62‐year‐old woman is reported. The patient consulted our hospital because of acute urinary retention. Fine needle aspiration cytology showed a few atypical cells; loose cluster cells with finely vacuolated cytoplasm, large nuclei and prominent nucleoli, and small cluster cells with finely vacuolated, delicate cytoplasm, small pale nuclei and small nucleoli. Cytologic diagnosis was adenocarcinoma and no diagnosis of clear cell adenocarcinoma was obtained. The neoplasia was localized at the posterior wall of the urethra and deep muscular layer of the vaginal wall. Histologically, the tumor revealed mainly small, elongated glands consisting of single‐layered cuboidal or columnar cells with scanty cytoplasm and a focally hobnail appearance. In addition, a small cystic lesion resembling nephrogenic adenoma was observed. This finding raises the possibitily that clear cell adenocarcinoma may be a malignant counterpart of nephrogenic adenoma. ACTA PATHOL JPN 38: 217–223, 1988.
NECROSIS OF PORTAL TUMOR EMBOLUS OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA BY LIPIODOL TRANSCATHETER CHEMO‐EMBOLIZATION. A Case Report
Authors: Wakasa Kenichi , Sakurai Masami , Monden Morito , Yamada Tsuyoshi , Kuroda Chikazumi , Marukawa Taro , Okamura Jun
Published: December 2008

We describe a case of hepatocellular carcinoma in which a tumor embolus in the portal vein and 3 of 4 intrahepatic metastases were necrosed completely by Lipiodol transcatheter chemo‐embolization (Lipiodol‐TCE). Tumor emboli in the portal vein and intrahepatic metastases usually cannot be necrosed by conventional transcatheter chemo‐embolization alone, because small nodules such as intrahepatic metastases and tumor emboli in the portal vein are supplied blood from the portal vein. However, in this case, Lipiodol‐TCE was effective against tumor emboli in the portal vein and intrahepatic metastases. ACTA PATHOL JPN 38: 1363‐1367, 1988.
EXPERIMENTAL IN VIVO REGENERATION OF PERIPHERAL NERVE AXONS and PERINEURIUM GUIDED BY RESORBABLE COLLAGEN FILM
Authors: Takahashi Manabu , Satou Takao , Hashimoto Shigeo
Published: December 2008

In our previous paper, we reported a marked advantage in using collagen gel matrix available for cell culture in combination with a silicone tube as an effective environment for axonal sprouting during peripheral nerve regeneration. In the present experiment, collagen film was substituted for the silicone tube because of its non‐toxicity, biocompatibility and better availability. Also, the surgical procedure was simplified, using a fibrin adhesive system instead of suturing. In the second postoperative week, severed proximal and distal stumps became joined together concomitantly with absorption of the collagen matrix and film. On size‐frequency histograms, the diameters of both myelinated and unmyelinated axons at 8 weeks after surgery had recovered to their normal ranges. These findings demonstrate that this procedure of enveloping a collagen matrix and severed nerve stumps in bioresorbable collagen film would be an ideal way of forming a perfect perineurium. The regeneration of peripheral nerve axons resulted in normal thickness of the original nerve bundle without exception, unlike the axons on the control side.
PERSISTENT and ENHANCED EXPRESSION OF c‐fos GENE PRODUCTS IN VARIOUS KINDS OF HUMAN HEMATOPOIETIC CELL LINES. Immunofluorescence Study Using Prepared Monoclonal Antibodies
Authors: Kanaitsuka Toshihiro , Ishii Kazuhiro , Zu Youli , Ashihara Tsukasa , Hanaoka Masao , Namba Yuziro
Published: December 2008

Two kinds of monoclonal antibodies recognizing fos proto‐oncogene (c‐fos) products were prepared using a synthetic oligopeptide corresponding to amino acids 127‐152 of the fos oncogene products. These monoclonal antibodies (FO‐120 & FO‐145) detected fos gene products induced in a human monocyte cell line (U‐937) by phorbol acetate (TPA) and induced in both human and mouse fibroblast cell lines (284, BALB/c 3T3) by serum‐stimulation. One of the monoclonal antibodies (FO‐120) reacted with 50‐kDa and 42‐kDa proteins and the other antibody (FO‐145) reacted with a 30‐33‐kDa protein. The expression of the fos gene in various human hematopoietic cell lines was investigated using these prepared monoclonal antibodies. While almost all hematopoietic cell lines tested reacted with these monoclonal antibodies to various degrees, the majority of normal peripheral blood lymphocytes cultured with lectin (PHA) and interleukin 2 (IL‐2) did not, suggesting that cells of some permanent hematopoietic cell lines, irrespective of their lineage specificity and growth factor dependency, continuously express the fos oncogene. These monoclonal antibodies may be useful for detecting early neoplastic changes in hematopoietic cells. ACTA PATHOL JPN 38: 1523‐1536, 1988.
ROLE OF LYSOSOMES IN MESENTERIC ARTERIAL LESIONS OF RENAL HYPERTENSIVE RATS
Authors: Suzuki Keiji , Kawaharada Umeko , Takatama Masamitsu , Ooneda Genju
Published: December 2008

The acid phosphatase activities of arterial cells in the mesenteric arteries of renal hypertensive rats were investigated by both light and electron microscopy. Light microscopically, strongly positive acid phosphatase reactions were confirmed in endothelial cells, intimal cells, medial cells and adventitial cells of the mesenteric arteries, together with considerable deposition of fibrinoid substance in the intima and media in contrast to the appearance in control rats. Electron microscopically, lysosomes with acid phosphatase‐positive reaction products were increased in number in endothelial cells, intimal smooth muscle cells, medial smooth muscle cells and adventitial neutrophils or macrophages. The lysosomes in intimal smooth muscle cells and those which were extracellularly discharged were responsible for lysis of the fibrinoid substance. In the media, acid phosphatase‐positive lysosomes of medial cells and extracellularly discharged matrix lysosomes with acid phosphatase‐positive reactions were also involved in the hydrolysis of necrotic substances and extracellular matrix. These acid phosphatase‐positive reactions were diminished both light and electron microscopically in endothelial cells, intimal cells, medial muscle cells and adventitial cells in the regions of healing arteries where fibrinoid substance had been degradated and the intima showed cellulofibrous thickening. The possible role of this acid phosphatase activation for the clearance of cell debris as well as exudative substances in the healing of damaged arterial tissue was discussed.
A MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE LEFT BUNDLE BRANCH IN THE NORMAL HUMAN HEART
Authors: Sakaguchi Yasuhiro , Konishi Noboru , Enoki Noboru , Shimoyama Taketo , Hiasa Yoshio , Murata Yoshio , Kagoshima Tadashi , Ishikawa Hyoe , Okada Ryozo
Published: December 2008

To clarify the distribution pattern of the left bundle branch (LBB) in the human heart, the AV conduction system was studied in 13 autopsied hearts obtained from subjects aged 50 to 80 years. Vertical serial sections (7 μm) of the bundle of His and LBB were prepared and every 20th section was stained alternately with hematoxylin‐eosin (HE) or by the elastica van Gieson (EVG) method and examined by light microscopy. Reconstruction was performed using a two‐dimensional system in order to histologically differentiate the bundle cells from Purkinje cells. The LBB bifurcated into the anterior and posterior radiations and the cells in the septal portion were almost all Purkinje cells except in two cases showing a septal branch between the two radiations. The LBB usually branched widely from the bundle of His. An extremely anterior fascicle of the LBB was found in all cases. The distribution of the LBB at the top of the ventricular septum was divided into network and continuous types. Purkinje cells were present on both the atrial and apical sides of the two main radiations. It was suggested that these findings resulted from the fact that we morphologically differentiated the bundle cells from Purkinje cells by light microscopy.
SHWARTZMAN REACTION IN THE BRAIN INDUCED BY FRACTIONS OF FUSOBACTEBIUM NECROPHORUM AND ESCHERICHIA COLI LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE IN RABBITS
Authors: Nakajima Yasuyuki
Published: December 2008

Multifocal fibrin thrombosis and suppurative meningitis in the central nervous system was induced by intracerebral inoculation with a cytoplasmic or supernatant fraction of Fusobacterium necrophorum followed by intravenous inoculation with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharlde endotoxin in rabbits. Formation of fibrin thrombosis was reduced by heparin administration. Single intracerebral inoculation with the cytoplasmic or supernatant fraction caused suppurative meningitis. Nervous lesions were often associated with fibrinoid degeneration of the blood vessels. Bacterial lipopolysaccharlde endotoxin did not Induce apparent meningitis or fibrin thrombosis. The formation of fibrin thrombosis in the central nervous system might be attributable to the Shwartz‐man reaction.
SCHMORL'S NODES
Authors: Yasuma Tsuguo , Saito Shiu , Kihara Kazuo
Published: December 2008

Histological examinations were conducted on specimens of 368 intervertebral discs (TU/12‐L5/S1), using X‐ray photography and discography. Specimens were obtained from 61 individuals (36 males and 25 females) whose ages ranged from 25 to 85 years. Fifty‐four Schmol's nodes were found in 28 of the patients (19 males and 9 females), and in 43 discs. In the peripheral regions of Schmorl's nodes, where the vertebral bodies were In contact with the node, growth of cartilaginous cells was seen in many cases. Thickened bone trabeculae were also seen in three nodes accompanied by syncytia. These three nodes were detectable by X‐ray photography of all discs containing Schmorl's nodes, and 35 were subjected to discography. Among these discs, 10 showed a limited form of shadow and 25 showed a diffuse form, and Schmorl's nodes were detected in 11 that showed a diffuse form of shadow. It was possible to detect Schmorl's nodes when they were contiguous with a degenerated annulus flbrosus adjoining the nuclear cavity. Pathogenetically, the presence of Schmorl's nodes in patients of middle and advanced age is interpreted to be one of the symptoms of age‐related changes in the cartilaginous plate.
UNUSUAL RENAL PELVIC TUMOR CONTAINING TRANSITIONAL CELL CARCINOMA, ADENOCARCINOMA AND SARCOMATOID ELEMENTS (SO‐CALLED SARCOMATOID CARCINOMA OF THE RENAL PELVIS)
Authors: Tajima Yasutaka , Aizawa Miki
Published: December 2008

A case of sarcomatoid carcinoma of the renal pelvis in a 66‐year‐old male is reported. The patient underwent left nephroureterectomy because of renal pelvic tumor and hydronephrosis. Left renal calcification and atrophy had been diagnosed in the patient about thirty years previously. The tumor showed a polypoid configuration and occupied the renal calyces. Histologically, not only solid nests of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) and adenocar‐clnomatous glands but also large spindle‐shaped cells with bizarre nuclei simulating sarcoma were identified. Immunoreactlve keratin and epithelial‐membranous antigen (EMA) were demonstrated in the sarcomatoid cells, indicating that they were of epithelial origin. So far, only 10 cases of so‐called sarcomatoid carcinoma or carcinosarcoma of the renal pelvis have been reported in the world. In this report, we summarize the pathological findings of previously reported cases and discuss the histogenesis of this rare tumor.
ALTERATION OF GASTRIN‐PRODUCING CELLS IN RAT ANTRAL MUCOSA AFTER TRUNCAL VAGOTOMY
Authors: Murakami Shinichi , Nakayama Iwao , Uchida Yuzo
Published: December 2008

Gastrin‐producing cells (G cells) were studied in the rat antral mucosa after truncal vagotomy. Significant elevation of circulating gastrin levels was observed from 12 hours after the operation and this was sustained throughout the entire experimental period. Upon light microscopic observation, G cells showing positive immunostaining for G17 were significantly increased in number at 2 days, 1, 2 and 3 weeks after the operation and were a more prominent cell type than G cells containing positive reaction product for G34 throughout the entire experimental period. Ultrastructural changes occurred predominantly in G cells, which showed hypertrophy of Golgi complexes and noticeable increases in the amounts of rough endoplasmic reticulum between 2 days and 3 months after the operation. During these periods, secretory granules apparently increased in number and displayed various degrees of electron density. Immature, highly electron‐dense granules appearing in or near the Golgi stacks mainly showed localization of immuno‐gold particles for G34, whereas mature granules with low electron‐density predominantly demonstrated a positive reaction product for G17. The Golgi apparatus and rough endoplasmic reticulum were free of any immunoreaction for either G34 or G17. ACTA PATHOL JPN 38: 841 ‐852, 1988.
SO‐CALLED SCLEROSING HEMANGIOMA OF THE LUNG WITH NUCLEAR INCLUSION BODIES. Immunohistochemical Study of a Case
Authors: Aiba Motohiko , Hirayama Akira , Sakurada Minora , Suzuki Tadashi
Published: December 2008

A so‐called sclerosing hemangioma of the lung was removed from a 45‐year‐old woman after a follow‐up of 15 years. In addition to the histology of solid, hemorrhagic, papillary and sclerosing patterns, two types of various‐sized, irregularly shaped spaces were found to be lined by either small cells with a high N/C ratio (LI cells) or large, eosinophilic or foamy cells (L2 cells). These spaces (LI and L2 spaces) were often alternately arranged. Clusters of LI cells or L2 cells were also observed in solid‐pattern areas with or without lumen formation. Eosinophilic nuclear inclusion bodies (NIB) were exclusively found among L2 cells. L2 cells as well as NIB‐containing cells showed an immunohistochemical reactivity similar to that of type II pneumocytes (i.e., positive cytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), surfactant apoprotein, alpha‐1‐antitrypsin and nonspecific cross‐reacting antigen). LI cells were immunohistochemically similar to solidly growing cells (S cells) which showed positive EMA, alpha‐1‐antitrypsin and vimentin. These results are consistent with the view that NIB are a good marker for type II pneumocytes in so‐called sclerosing hemangioma, and that the two characteristic types of spaces were formed in different ways, thus favoring the theory that S cells are an immature form of type II pneumocytes. ACTA PATHOL JPN 38: 873‐881, 1988.
PRIMARY ADRENAL LYMPHOMA. Report of an Autopsy Case
Authors: Abe Jiro , Kaneko Hiroshi , Takagi Akio , Umezu Hajime
Published: December 2008

A rare case of malignant lymphoma of the adrenal gland In a 68‐year‐old male is reported. Autopsy revealed bilateral and symmetrical adrenal tumors (lt: 54 g, rt: 39 g) and almost complete effacement of both adrenal glands, while no tumors were present in other organs or systemic lymph nodes. Both adrenal tumors histologically presented a picture of diffuse malignant lymphoma of mixed cell type. Microscopic involvement in both lungs, spleen, liver, lymph node, bone marrow and both kidneys was found. Immunohistochemically, the positive reactions shown by the lymphoma cells were of B cell type, i.e., observed using antibodies to the leukocyte common antigens, MB‐1, LN‐1, LN‐2 and LN‐3, but not by anti‐factor VIH‐related antigen or MT‐1. Examination of peripheral blood obtained just before the patient died showed the presence of 18% atypical cells. This lymphoma was considered to have transformed to a leukemic phase, at least at the end stage. To the authors’knowledge, this is the second case of primary adrenal lymphoma to be reported in Japan, and the first case showing formation of bilateral and symmetrical tumors. ACTA PATHOL JPN 38: 929∼939, 1988.
CYTOMEGALOVIRUS OOPHORITIS WITH CORTICAL NECROSIS DURING REMISSION OF ACUTE LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA
Authors: Iwasaki Takuya , Sakuma Tsutomu , Satodate Ryoichi , Takano Nagakuni , Sata Tetsutaro , Kurata Takeshi
Published: December 2008

Ovarian involvement of cytomegalovirus (CMV) is rarely observed in autopsy and biopsy materials. Cortical necrosis of the ovaries was found in an autopsy case with generalized CMV infection. The patient was an 11‐year‐old girl in a remission state of acute lymphocytic leukemia. Autopsy revealed several areas showing necrotic change up to 2 mm in size in the cortex of both ovaries. Many cytomegalic cells were found in both the necrotic and intact areas of the cortex. CMV had infected the granulosa, thecal and stromal cells as well as vascular endothelial cells. Oocytes of neither primary nor graafian follicles showed cytomegalic changes, although they were destroyed due to the necrosis. CMV antigen was immunohistologically detected in these cytomegalic cells. Ultrastructurally, herpesvirus‐type particles were revealed in the nuclei and cytoplasm of the cytomegalic cells. This case demonstrated that ovarian infection with CMV can potentially induce cortical necrosis and decrease the number of oocytes. ACTA PATHOL JPN 38 : 1069 ∼ 1076, 1988.
PULMONARY ADENOMA AND ENDOCRINE CELL HYPERPLASIA IN SYRIAN GOLDEN HAMSTER TREATED WITH 4‐NITROQUINOLINE 1‐OXIDE
Authors: Ito Takaaki , Kitamura Hitoshi , Inayama Yoshiaki , Kanisawa Masayoshi
Published: December 2008

Chronic effects of 4‐nitroquinoline 1‐oxide (4 NQO) on the lungs of Syrian golden hamsters were studied. 4 NQO was subcutaneously injected weekly for 3 weeks at a dose of 20 mg/kg body weight. The animals were sacrificed at the 65th and 80th experimental weeks. Two cases of pulmonary adenomas were demonstrated in the 10 4 NQO‐treated animals at the 80th week, and the tumor cells contained cytoplasmic lamellar inclusion bodies. In a previous study, we reported 4 NQO‐ induced pulmonary endocrine cell hyperplasias in the 4 NQO‐treated hamster after the 20th experimental week (Jpn. J. Cancer Res., 77,1986). In the present study, 12 pulmonary endocrine cell hyperplasias were recognized in serial sections of the 24 treated animals. The hyperplastic lesions showed positive immunoreactivity to calcitonin. The hyperplastic lesion did not develop to pulmonary endocrine cell neoplasm. ACTA PATHOL JPN 38 : 1097∼1104, 1988.