bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teachers’ learning driven by “multi-subject needs”: Implication, mode and strategies
Authors: Yu Yuebo , Xu Jiapan , Nuryana Zalik
Published: March 2024

Under the influence of the concept of lifelong learning, teachers’ learning has become the main paradigm of teacher development. The traditional training for primary and secondary school teachers often pays too much attention to the transmission of theories and ignores the practical needs of teachers, resulting in the dilemma of low learning efficiency and poor effect. In order to break through the current learning dilemma of primary and secondary school teachers and meet the needs of students’ growth and long-term development of schools, on the basis of clarifying the basic implication of teacher learning driven by “multi-subject needs”, this paper introduces the Activity Theory to discuss the implications of teacher learning, constructs the teacher learning mode driven by “multi-subject needs,” and analyzes the operating mechanism of this learning mode. In order to promote the effective operation of this mode, teachers should set up the concept of lifelong learning, adhere to the self-orientation of learning, and pay attention to learning reflection. The school level should create a cultural atmosphere for teachers’ learning, make clear the purpose of teachers’ learning, let teachers’ pay attention to the practical situation, and make teachers’ learning become a normal activity.
Bridging the digital divide: Assessing teacher readiness for technology integration in madrasah ibtidaiyah
Authors: Hidayati Dian , Nurhikmah Nurhikmah , Kusumadewi Riema Afriani
Published: March 2024

The swift evolution of educational technology has revolutionized learning accessibility, presenting unique challenges and opportunities, especially in remote areas. This study probes the technological readiness of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) teachers in these marginalized regions, using a quantitative ex post facto research design. A sample of 112 teachers, randomly selected, provided data via Google Forms and questionnaires, analyzed using two-way ANOVA and cluster analysis in SPSS 23. The research aimed to categorize teachers into five technology readiness profiles: explorers, pioneers, skeptics, paranoids, and slow adopters, based on optimism, innovativeness, discomfort, and insecurity. However, findings revealed only three distinct groups: explorers, pioneers, and slow adopters. Explorers showed high technological confidence but limited innovation engagement, while pioneers, despite readiness, faced challenges like scarce resources and insufficient tech knowledge. Slow adopters, largely older teachers, lagged in embracing new technologies. This lag can be attributed to adverse conditions and inadequate infrastructure, preventing full exploitation of digital tools in education. The study highlights the crucial need to overcome these barriers to enhance technology integration in MI schools, thereby improving educational outcomes in underdeveloped areas.
The teaching of EFL reading at a university level: Teachers' and students' perceptions
Authors: Junaidi Moh , Mustofa Mutmainnah , Ubaidillah M Faruq , Lee Huan Yik
Published: March 2024

This study investigated the teaching of EFL reading at a university level from teacher’s and students’ perspectives. It delved into how the participating lecturer conducted the teaching of reading. Moreover, it shared the difficulties of teaching reading and the difficulties of students in reading. In this research, the researchers used a case study. The researchers used observation and interviews to collect the data. The participants of this study are one lecturer and three students situated in a private Islamic university in Malang, Indonesia. The recruited lecturer has been teaching reading for more than 10 years. Meanwhile, the recruited students were selected because they were close to the researchers and easy to access. The findings suggest that the teaching of reading was done by making a group discussion and cooperative learning such as Think-Pair-Share and Jigsaw. Besides, the minimal access to high-quality books for students’ reading tasks is one of the difficulties in the teaching of reading. Students also found it difficult to read difficult words. Mostly, they skipped the words and struggled to look for the text's main ideas and topic sentences. Finally, based on the result of the study, it is suggested that English lecturers should use appropriate reading books and techniques, select other supplementary materials, and vary the teaching activities. Future researchers are urged to conduct more intensive research in the teaching of reading in different contexts.
Efficacy of moringa (Moringa oleifera) formulations on suppression of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne incognita) and growth of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)
Authors: AMINISARTESHNIZI MEHRNOUSH
Published: March 2024

Root-knot (Meloidogyne sp.) nematodes are among the most important causes of reduced tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) yield. Therefore, an investigation was conducted in 2022 at the Aquaculture Research Unit lab to evaluate the effectiveness of moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf extract application in controlling root-knot nematode in tomatoes. During a survey of a tomato field, M. incognita was identified from the rhizosphere soil samples. Fresh leaf extracts of moringa, including positive control (fenamiphos 0.06), were investigated in vivo for efficacy against M. incognita in root and soil. Seedlings of tomato were inoculated with 3000 eggs and second-stage juveniles (J2s) of M. incognita in pot trials, with treatments comprising fresh leaf extracts of moringa in a series of concentrations (40 ppm-80 ppm). Fifty-six days after inoculation, the phytonematicide had reduced eggs and J2s in soil by 65-90%, gall number by 45-87%, and gall index by 35-82%. The best treatment was moringa leaf extract (80 ppm), which was significantly different (P less than 0.05) from moringa leaf extract at 60 ppm and 40 ppm (P less than 0.05). However, fenamiphos had no significant difference (P greater than 0.05). The results showed moringa leaf extract (80 ppm) was the best treatment for controlling root-knot nematode in tomatoes.
Effectiveness of glyphosate potassium 660 g/L herbicide in controlling weeds at productive tea plants (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze)
Authors: UMIYATI UUM , KURNIADIE DENNY , FAKHRIAH RIZKA LUTHFIANI
Published: March 2024

Tea ranks among Indonesia's prominent export commodities, and international market competition necessitates the cultivation of tea plants with maximum efficiency to sustain production levels. An eminent challenge in preserving the productivity of tea plants is the pervasive growth of weeds, which engender competitive pressures on tea plants, consequently diminishing crop yields. This research was conducted during January to May, 2023 to test the effectiveness of Glyphosate Potassium 660 g/L herbicide in controlling various types of weeds in tea plantations. Glyphosate potassium herbicide works by inhibiting the 5-enolpiruvil-shikimat-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) enzyme which plays a role in the formation of aromatic amino acids in plants. The research was conducted at the PTPN VIII Rancabali tea plantation, Bandung Regency, West Java Province, Indonesia. The experimental design used was a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with seven treatments and four replications, resulting in 28 experimental plots. Treatments included the application of Glyphosate Potassium 660 g/L herbicide with doses of 0.75 L/ha, 1.125 L/ha, 1.5 L/ha, 1.875 L/ha, 2.25 L/ha, manual weeding, and control (without treatment). The results showed that the herbicide with Glyphosate Potassium 660 g/L active ingredient at doses ranging from 0.75 L/ha to 2.25 L/ha was effective to control broadleaf weeds such as Ageratum conyzoides, Bidens pilosa, Galinsoga parviflora, and Diodia sarmentosa, grassy weeds such as Setaria plicata and Axonopus compressus and other weeds (Drymaria cordata, Synedrella nodyflora, Erechtithes valerianifolia and Clidemia hirta) until the observation at 12 Weeks After Application (WAA) without causing phytotoxicity on the tea plants.
Biocontrol potential of rhizospheric fungi against Rigidoporus microporus, the causal agent of white root rot disease in tea plants
Authors: YULIA ENDAH , MAESYAROH MEISA SITI , DONO DANAR , DJAYA LUCIANA , SUGANDA TARKUS , WIDIANTINI FITRI , NASAHI CEPPY
Published: March 2024

White root rot disease (WRD), caused by Rigidoporus microporus, poses a serious threat to various tropical trees, resulting in substantial crop damage and even plant death. However, there is still a lack of information regarding WRD in tea plants. Due to soil-borne in nature, synthetic fungicide is not recommended to control WRD. Therefore, biocontrol using natural microorganisms found in the tea's rhizosphere has been explored as a potential solution. This study aimed to identify rhizospheric fungi of tea plants with antagonistic properties that can be used as a biocontrol agent against R. microporus. The study involved a field survey and laboratory works had been conducted in a tea plantation at Rancabali, West Java and the Phytopathology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran from March to October 2021. The disease incidence and severity were assessed in three blocks of land representing different topographic conditions of the plantation while antagonism tests were conducted using the completely randomized design and dual culture method. The results showed that the highest occurrence of WRD was in the central part of the hill with the disease incidence and severity of 70 and 50%, respectively. Thirteen fungal isolates were obtained from the rhizosphere of tea plants, all of which were found to inhibit the growth of R. microporus. These isolates belonged to the genera of Trichoderma, Gliocladium, Paecilomyces, Penicillium, Aureobasidium, Acremonium and Rhizopus. The considerable inhibition of R. microporus colony growth was performed by the isolates of Aureobasidium sp. (51.23%), Rhizopus sp. (50%), and Trichoderma sp. (43.96%). The results suggested that rhizospheric fungi of tea plants have the potential as biocontrol agents against R. microporus.
Impact of varied rates of NPK fertilizer on the microbial diversity of Jatropha zeyheri tea leaves under greenhouse conditions
Authors: BANGO HAPPY , MPHOSI MABOKO S. , SHADUNG KAGISO G.
Published: March 2024

Fertilization of Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) is an effective strategy for improving tea yield and quality. Even though, NPK fertilization enhances tea yield and quality, addressing soil deficiencies to boost growth, but also impacts soil microbes, influencing nutrient cycling and yield. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the effect of different NPK fertilizer application rates on microbial composition of J. zeyheri tea under greenhouse conditions. Six treatments constituting NPK fertilizer rates (2:3:2 ratio) @ 0, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 g were arranged in a randomized complete block design, with five replications. 130 days after initiating treatments, leaves were harvested and oven-dried for 72 h at a temperature of 60°C. After laboratory preparations, microorganisms on tea leaves were determined by the principle most probable number using the Tempo reader (BioMerieux, Rodolphe, Durham, United States) instrument. Treatments had a highly significant effect (P ≤ 0.01) on Bacillus cereus contributing 39% in total treatment variation (TTV), whereas increasing NPK fertilizer rates had significant effects (P ≤ 0.05) on Enterobacteriaceae contributing 58% in TTV. Increasing rates of NPK fertilizer did not influence total coliforms contained in J. zeyheri tea leaf tissues. Bacillus cereus and Enterobacteriaceae over increasing NPK fertilizer rates exhibited positive quadratic relations, with density dependent growth pattern. Fertilizer requirements for Bacillus cereus and Enterobacteriaceae under greenhouse conditions were optimized at 1.75 g fertilizer/plant. In conclusion, Bacillus cereus and Enterobacteriaceae were affected by increasing NPK fertilizer rates.
Effect of salt stress on relative membrane injury, lipid peroxidation content and reactive oxygen species content of isabgol (Plantago ovata Forsk.) genotypes
Authors: KALA SURAJ
Published: March 2024

Under the uncongenial growth condition imposed by salts in the edaphic environment, several biochemical changes take place in plants, which help them to survive under such a hostile environment. In the present study, an attempt has been made to obtain basic information about the effect of salt stress on relative membrane injury, lipid peroxidation content and reactive oxygen species content in isabgol (Plantago ovata Forsk.) genotypes. The changes in relative membrane injury, lipid peroxidation content and reactive oxygen species (ROS) content of P. ovata genotypes viz. GI-2, HI-96, PB-80 and HI-5 were studied under NaCl salt stress at different EC levels viz. control (without salt), 5 and 10 dS/m of nutrient supplemented NaCl salt solutions in sand filled polythene bags during 1st week of November 2022 in the Department of Botany Government College, Hisar. RMI, lipid peroxidation (MDA content) and ROS content of leaves increased with increasing EC levels in all the isabgol genotypes as studied at 58 days after showing. The highest increase in RMI was found in the genotype PB-80 and lowest in the genotype GI-2 at higher (10 dS/m) EC level over control. Increase in lipid peroxidation content which was measured in terms of MDA content was found highest in the genotype PB-80 while the lowest increase was detected in the genotype HI-5 at higher level (10 dS/m) of salt stress over control. Highest enhancement in ROS content of leaves in the genotype PB-80 and lowest increase in the genotype GI-2 was observed at higher (10 dS/m) EC level over control. The relative order of these parameters in various genotypes under salt stress was PB-80 greater than HI-5 greater than HI-96 greater than GI-2.
Assessment of in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Broussonetia × hanjiana M. Kim
Authors: SEO KYOUNG-SUN , YUN KYEONG WON
Published: March 2024

The fruit and bark of Broussonetia × hanjiana M. Kim (Kkujidaknamu, Korean paper mulberry) have been used as a resource for medicine and paper in Korea and Korean traditional paper (Hanji), made from extract of the B. × hanjiana bark, has been used to package dry foods. The present study was carried out to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of B.× hanjiana extract. The antimicrobial activity of four fractions of ethanol extract of the plant collected in July was evaluated through disc diffusion and minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) method against three Gram-positive strains, two Gram-negative strains, and one yeast. The ether and ethyl acetate fraction of ethanol extract from B. × hanjiana bark exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity with the lowest MIC value against the tested Gram-positive bacteria. The MIC of the hexane and ether fraction against Gram-negative bacteria was not detected in any sample extracts and the MIC was not observed against Saccharomyces cerevisiae in any fractions. The antioxidant activity of ethanol and hot water extract of the plant was evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging assay. The ethanol extract showed relatively higher DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity than the hot water extract, regardless of the samples. The results of total phenolic and flavonoid contents were not consistent with the results of antioxidant activity and it shows antioxidant activity is not only affected by the polyphenol content but also can occur by some other phytochemicals. The antimicrobial and antioxidant activity was influenced by plant organ or extract solvent. These findings may confirm the potential of this plant as an antimicrobial and antioxidant agent.
Phylogenetic position of Pratylenchus sp. (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae) associated with grasslands using 28S rDNA from South Africa
Authors: AMINISARTESHNIZI MEHRNOUSH
Published: March 2024

Plant-parasitic nematodes are the main nematodes that live in the soil, causing yield loss in various crops. As endoparasites, Pratylenchus species can reduce the yield of grass and other plants by feeding on their roots. Because of its parasitic nature on plants, this species requires careful identification; in South Africa's Limpopo Province, grasslands are among the most vital agricultural resources. Therefore, this molecular study was conducted in 2023 at Limpopo University to identify the nematode from South Africa's soils using 28S rDNA marker. The recovered nematode was extracted using the tray method, and then its DNA was extracted using the chelex method. The nematode was identified as Pratylenchus. Afterward, 28S rDNA was amplified using specific primers to identify the nematode at the molecular level. The Nblast analysis based on the large subunit ribosomal DNA showed South African Pratylenchus had 99% similarity (OQ343703) with the South African population. Phylogenetic analysis using maximum likelihood placed this species with those molecularly identified as Pratylenchus in the same clade with highly supported (100) bootstrap values. In conclusion, this species was identified using 28S rDNA; however, other rDNA markers, such as ITS rDNA and mtDNA is recommended for a better understanding of Pratylenchus phylogeny.
Seed priming by cold scarification and Moringa-based bio-stimulant on the germination of Artemisia afra
Authors: LETSOALO MMAKOMA M. , MASHELA PHATU W. , NDHLALA ASHWELL R.
Published: March 2024

Artemisia afra is a frequently utilized medicinal plant in diverse cultural traditions for the management of various health conditions. Despite its natural habitat, limited efforts have been dedicated to its systematic cultivation, resulting in a paucity of documented information concerning its seed biology and germination characteristics. This study aimed to determine the effect of different temperatures, scarification, light conditions and priming with biostimulant on the seed germination of Artemisia afra. The seeds were exposed to different scarification methods including rubbing (sandpaper), hot and cold-water soaking, acid (H2SO4) and fermentation (EM) and compared with untreated seeds (control). Photoperiods included constant light, alternating light (16/8 hours) and continuous darkness at 15 °C, 25 °C and 35 °C. Results revealed that 25 °C temperature significantly improved germination while no germination was obtained at 15°C and 35°C. Hot and cold-water scarification resulted in improved germination. There was no germination observed for fermented seeds in all the experiments. In photoperiod, the highest germination percentage of 70 % was observed under alternating light. Using Moringa based biostimulant under alternating light conditions at 25 °C resulted in improved MGT. The information generated from this study will contribute to bridging the scientific gap by generating information on optimum requirements for propagating A. afra through seeds.
A Flow Structure Interaction Method for Towed Cable System
Authors: Zhi-bo Wang , Shuai-yu Huang , Jin-Jing Gu
Published: March 2024

Abstract: The ocean towed cable system is a classic example of fluid-structure interaction (FSI). This interaction can exhibit stability or oscillation between a highly deformable moving cable and the surrounding turbulent flow. However, in dynamic simulations of towed cable systems, a constant drag coefficient for an infinite circular cylinder is often used based on experimental data. An innovative fluid-structure interaction method is introduced to obtain accurate drag distribution along cable to couple with towed system dynamics. A modified nodal position finite element method (NPFEM) coupled with Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) approach has been utilized to predict hydrodynamic forces along the cable. A data exchange algorithm has been developed specifically for fluid-structure interaction within the towed cable system where the cable profile is transferred to construct the flow domain while hydrodynamics is interpolated for NPFEM analysis. A topology partition around cable is applied. A multiblock grid is generated around cable. The simulation results of the fluid-structure interaction of the towing system are verified. This FSI scheme reveals how strongly hydrodynamics determine cable dynamics and induce vortex structure vibrations around a towed cable system. Parametrically controlled structured grid generation and their applicability for complex flow fields have also been discussed. Detailed descriptions of boundary layer separation evolution around spatially distributed cable are provided. This FSI scheme reveals a real strongly hydrodynamic determined cable dynamics and vortex structure induced vibrations around a towed cable system. The proposed method enhances predictive accuracy of the towed system dynamics response.
Effectiveness of Lecturer Development Programs in the Context of Higher Education Management
Authors: Djunaedi Djunaedi , Effendi Dwi Erlin , Arianto Sofyan , Iriawan Hermanu
Published: March 2024

As time goes by, changes always occur. This can be seen in the education sector where the need for education is increasingly urgent in order to improve the quality of higher education through lecturer development. Higher education plays a crucial role in the formation of quality human resources, and skilled and continuously developing lecturers have a direct impact on the student learning experience. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the effectiveness of lecturer development programs in the context of higher education management. The aim of this research is to assess the extent to which lecturer development programs can achieve the goal of increasing their teaching competencies and skills. The research method used is a qualitative research method involving a survey of lecturers who have participated in the program, analysis of academic performance, and in-depth interviews. The research results show that the majority of lecturers experience continuous improvement in understanding, use of innovative teaching methods, and involvement in research. In addition, the lecturer development program succeeded in motivating participants to innovate in teaching methods, increase the competitiveness of higher education, and strengthen relationships between lecturers and students. Through lecturer development programs, universities can achieve improvements in the quality of teaching and research, which in turn improves the institution's reputation. The conclusion of this research is that this program is effective in increasing lecturer competency, which has a positive impact on the overall quality of higher education. Thus, investment in lecturer development programs can be considered a sustainable strategy to advance the quality of higher education and achieve the goal of developing quality human resources.
Objektivität in der Ethik und der Relativismus der Distanz
Authors: Worthmann Hannes
Published: March 2024

A rarely considered variety of objectivism in ethics takes the claim to objectivity of scientific and ethical judgments to be completely analogous. I show that this position is challenged by the socalled relativism of distance: Although we can make claims to objectivity in both areas,
it is possible that agreement within each area extends to different degrees. A proper understanding of this challenge paves the way for us to make sense of two widely held assumptions: first, that there is objectivity in ethics, and second, that the claim to objectivity in ethics reaches a
limit that the sciences can transcend.
Das Paradox des kantischen Gemeinsinns und seine vermeintliche Lösung im Rahmen des Schönen
Authors: Berger Larissa
Published: March 2024

This article investigates the notion of sensus communis as being introduced in the Critique of Judgment. I argue that, within the framework of Kant's philo- sophy, the general notion of a sensus communis, that is, a faculty that leads to sensuous and universal results,
is paradoxical. An analysis of the theoretical sensus communis, understood as an awareness of the faculties' accord in cases of cognition, reveals that it is unclear why this faculty should amount to a sense. The aesthetic sensus communis is the best candidate for a sensuous
and communal faculty. However, I show that the communality of its results, that is, the community of the pleasure in the beautiful as being felt on the occasion of a given object, is insufficiently developed.
Genius Malignus oder Verantwortung: Descartes und die Konspirologie
Authors: Dikovich Albert
Published: March 2024

This paper aims at developing an understanding of conspirational thinking as a means for dealing with epistemic and practical insecurity. This strategy of coping with insecurity results in the construction of a metaphysical system, which is centered around the idea of a nearly omnipotent
conspirator. The paper argues that there is a relatedness between the Cartesian cogito and conspirational thinking. The latter can be conceived of as an aberration from the philosophical search for a fundamentum inconcussum. After the relevance of the thought of Descartes for the current theorizing
on conspirational thinking is explained with reference to its historical context in the first part of the paper, the second part shows that the motive for conspirational thinking lies in the repudiation of responsibility in the face of an often overwhelming perception of insecurity. The third
part of the paper reflects on possibilities for the weakening of this ethical motive for conspirational thinking building on the Cartesian concept of generosity.
Précis zu: Philosophy of Mental Disorder: An Ability-Based Approach
Authors: Dembić Sanja
Published: March 2024

Menschen haben psychische Störungen, zum Beispiel Depressionen, Angst- oder Abhängigkeitsstörungen. Doch was genau heißt es, eine psychische Störung zu haben? Dies ist die Hauptfrage, um die es in meinem Buch geht. Die Hauptthese, für die ich argumentiere,
ist folgende: Eine Person hat dann und nur dann eine psychische Störung, wenn sie (i) mindestens eine der Fä- higkeiten, in ihrem Denken, Fühlen oder Handeln angemessen auf die ihr ver- fügbaren (scheinbaren) Gründe zu reagieren, nicht hat und sie (ii) durch den Zustand,
der dieser Unfähigkeit zugrunde liegt oder aus ihr resultiert, geschädigt wird. Ich nenne dies den “;Rehability View" (RHA), wobei “;;Rehability" ein Port- manteau aus den drei relevanten Grundbegriffen “;reasons" (Gründe), “;;harm" (Schädigung)
und “;ability" (Fähigkeit) ist.
“;Je mehr wir die einzelnen Dinge erkennen, desto mehr erkennen wir Gott": Spinozas rationaler Mystizismus
Authors: Hampe Michael
Published: March 2024

Spinoza has been interpreted as a rationalist and a monist. This article tries to show that these views are to be specified. The intuitive knowledge of God plays a constitutive role in Spinoza's "Ethics". To reach it, one has to run through long chains of inferences. But the inferential
mode of cognition will not lead to an understanding of the definition of God given in the first part of the "Ethics". This understanding can only be gained in the fifth part. Thus, there is circular epistemic structure hidden in Spinoza's opus magnum, which has not been sufficiently described
in the literature yet.
Autonomous Question and Answer System Based on ChatGPT With Large Language Model
Authors: Wang Jun
Published: March 2024

Chat-GPT has become very popular in recent years. But there is a problem. Chat-GPT does not ask questions to the users. Therefore, Chat-GPT looks like a machine, not a human. However, users sometimes do not want a single answer. They want real things like food, cars, products, etc. Therefore, our system will ask users questions several times until they get what they really want. In this project, we not only resort to Chat-GPT3.5 to find questions, but also resort to traditional programming skills or databases to solve these problems. OpenAI's Chat-GPT3.5 will play the main role in this project. Furthermore, Java and Spring-Boot will be used in this project. These are mature frameworks for enterprise systems(de Oliveira, C. E., Turnquist, G. L., & Antonov, A., 2018). Finally, the MySQL database is used in this project. It provides comprehensive and reliable SQL database services. The data stored in MySQL instances can generate very large data sets(bin Uzayr, S., 2022). Python3 and some machine learning frameworks such as NumPy, Pandas, TensorFlow and PyTorch are used in this project to analyze user behavior(Liu, Y. H., 2020). In the future, the dataset can be integrated into webtext2 as a basic data element to connect the model training.
New Computational Methods Using Seventh Derivative Type for the Solution of First Order Initial Value Problems
Authors: Victor Oboni ATABO , Adee Solomon Ortwer , Olatunji Peter Oluwafemi , Danjuma Yahaya Jibrin
Published: March 2024

In this research, a class of implicit block methods of a seventh derivative type are examined through interpolation and collocation techniques using finite power series as the basis function. The discrete schemes, which are implicit two-point block methods, are obtained by carefully and unevenly choose collocation points that ensure better methods’ stability via test. However, these schemes require seventh derivative functions unlike other existing numerical formulae. The new methods are found, investigated and proven to be convergent and A-stable. The implementation of methods is achieved by using Newton Raphson’s method. Experiments show the efficiency and accuracy of the developed formulae on different class of first-order initial value problems, including SIR, growth models and Prothero-Robinson oscillatory problem and with comparison to such existing methods. In addition, it is observed that uneven and positioning of collocation points greatly influence the efficiency and accuracy of numerical methods.
A New Approach Towards Quantum Foundations and Some Consequences
Authors: Helland Inge Svein
Published: March 2024

A general theory based upon 6 postulates is introduced. The basical notions are theoretical variables that are associated with an observer or with a group of communicating observers. These variables may be accessible or inaccessible. From these postulates, the ordinary formalism of quantum theory is derived. The mathematical derivations are not given in this article, but I refer to the recent articles [1][2]. Three possible applications of the general theory can be given; 1) The variables may be decision variables connected to the decisions of a person or of a group of persons. 2) The variables may be statistical parameters or future data, but most importantly here: 3) The variables are physical variables in some context. This last application gives a completely new foundation for quantum mechanics, a foundation which, in my opinion, is much more easy to understand than the ordinary formalism. The other applications seem also to give interesting consequences of the approach. So-called paradoxes like that of Schrödinger’s cat can be clarified under the theory. Explanations of the outcomes of David Bohm’s version of the EPR experiment and of the Bell experiment are provided. Finally, references and links to relativity theory and to quantum field theory are given.
Impact of Conservation Agriculture Techniques on Community Livelihoods in the Central Dryzone of Myanmar
Authors: Thein Kyawt Yin Min , Sharma Chandra Mani , Kumar Vivek , Chariar Vijayaraghavan M
Published: March 2024

Within the context of Myanmar, extensive research has been undertaken to examine various facets of agricultural sector advancement, encompassing economic, social, environmental, and diverse viewpoints. However, limited attention has been directed towards investigating the domain of conservation agriculture (CA), indicating a gap in the existing knowledge. The exploration of indigenous wisdom and methodologies related to CA is of utmost significance. This research employs a combination of descriptive and inferential analyses, supplemented by regression analysis. The research cohort comprises 130 agricultural households actively engaged in diverse CA methodologies within the central dryland area of Myanmar. The results of this study reveal a dual-sided influence of CA practices on local livelihoods, contingent upon the nature of the specific practice as well as the livelihood dimensions under consideration. Notably, CA practices yield advantageous outcomes in terms of both economic prosperity and environmental preservation. However, it is noteworthy that these practices tend to exert unfavorable effects on the social dimensions of livelihoods.
The Inconceivable God in Lagerkvist’s The Sibyl
Authors: Das Biswarup
Published: March 2024

The essay aims to explore the coexistence of “matter” and “consciousness” within the character of Sibyl’s son in Pär Lagerkvist’s novel, _The Sibyl_. It draws on the French philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre’s theory, which suggests that this fusion lies at the heart of humanity’s concept of God. Nevertheless, Sartre also argues that such a combination is fundamentally unattainable. That leads us to the conclusion that Sibyl’s son represents the unimaginable God that Sartre imagined.
Second overall and first record for Chionea bezzii Oosterbroek & Reusch, 2008, from the French Pyrenees (Diptera, Limoniidae)
Authors: Quindroit Clovis , Chekir Léo
Published: March 2024

Chionea bezzii Oosterbroek & Reusch, 2008, described from Spanish Pyrenees and until now only known by the holotype male, is mentioned by the capture of a single male specimen in French Pyrenees. A brief additional description is given.
First records of Eumerus colladoi Ricarte & Aguado-Aranda in Aguado-Aranda et al., 2022 from France (Diptera, Syrphidae)
Authors: Aguado-Aranda Pablo , Ricarte Antonio , Lair Xavier , Lebard Thomas , Speight Martin C. D. , Marcos-García María Ángeles
Published: March 2024

Eumerus colladoi Ricarte & Aguado-Aranda is reported from France for the first time. New data on its biology and habitat preferences are provided. The known distribution of the species in France is mapped.
On the genera Scolochirus Marshall and Pseudoscolochirus Hoffmann, with the description of two new species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae, Cneorhinini)
Authors: Perrin Hélène , Borovec Roman
Published: March 2024

Type material of the described species of Scolochirus Marshall, 1944, and Pseudoscolochirus Hoffmann, 1963, was examined, and is completed with all available material of both genera deposited in museums. Lectotypes of Proictes biovatus Hustache, 1936 [current name Scolochirus biovatus (Hustache, 1936)], Proictes dentipes Hustache, 1920 [current name Scolochirus dentipes (Hustache, 1920)], Scolochirus armipes Marshall, 1944, and Scolochirus horridus Marshall, 1951, are designated. Scolochirus camerunensis n. sp. from Cameroon, and Pseudoscolochirus longirostris n. sp. from Ghana, are described and compared with all other species of the genera. Scolochirus cognatus Marshall, 1951, is proposed as junior synonym of Scolochirus dentipes (Hustache, 1920). Scolochirus armipes Marshall, 1944, is recorded from Central African Republic, Congo and Democratic Republic of the Congo for the first time, as well as S. biovatus (Hustache, 1936) from Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ghana, Nigeria and Togo, and S. dentipes (Hustache, 1920) from Liberia. Male and female genitalia of the both genera are described and illustrated for the first time. Keys to species of both genera are presented.
Abraeus dufaui Desbordes, 1914, est-il un Acritus, un Aeletes ou un Bacanius ? Résolution d’une énigme centenaire et mise à jour du catalogue des Histérides de Guadeloupe (Coleoptera, Histeridae)
Authors: Degallier Nicolas , Gomy Yves
Published: March 2024

Is Abraeus dufaui Desbordes, 1914, an Acritus, an Aeletes or a Bacanius? Solving a century-old riddle and an update of the catalogue of the Histeridae of Guadeloupe Island (Coleoptera, Histeridae). The syntypes of Abraeus dufaui Desbordes, 1914, are re-examined more than 100 years after the species was described. The seven specimens found are identified as follows: one Acritus (s. str.) ignobilis (Lewis, 1888), one Acritus (s. str.) analis Le Conte, 1853, two Acritus (s. str.) exiguus (Erichson, 1834), two Aeletes (s. str.) simpliculus (Marseul, 1856) and one Bacanius (Gomyister) ferrugineus Bickhardt, 1918. A lectotype is designated for Bacanius ferrugineus. Acritus exiguus being the oldest species among the syntypes of Abraeus dufaui, one of the two specimens of this species is designated as the lectotype of Acritus dufaui (Desbordes, 1914), a new combination which therefore becomes synonymous with Acritus exiguus. The list of Histeridae beetles of Guadeloupe Island is updated and includes currently 19 species; Acritus (s. str.) analis Le Conte, 1853, Acritus (s. str.) exiguus (Erichson, 1834), Acritus (s. str.) ignobilis (Lewis, 1888), Aeletes (s. str.) simpliculus (Marseul, 1856) and Bacanius (s. str.) scalptus Lewis, 1888, are newly recorded from this island. The aedeagus of Aeletes gulliver (Marseul, 1856), collected from Saint Martin Island, is illustrated for the first time.
Chalybion bengalense (Dahlbom, 1845), une nouvelle espèce exotique en France métropolitaine (Hymenoptera, Sphecidae)
Authors: Le Divelec Romain
Published: March 2024

Chalybion bengalense (Dahlbom, 1845), a new exotic species in mainland France (Hymenoptera, Sphecidae). The Oriental Chalybion bengalense (Dahlbom, 1845) was detected in a garden at Callian (Var, France).
Three new brachelytrous Discodon and Polemius (Brachypolemius) from Peru (Coleoptera, Cantharidae, Silinae)
Authors: Constantin Robert
Published: March 2024

The subgenus Brachypolemius Wittmer, 1950, of the genus Polemius LeConte, 1852, included only one species from Bolivia, P. (B.) dimorphus Wittmer, 1950. Two new species from Peru are assigned to this subgenus: Polemius (Brachypolemius) antauta n. sp. (Puno) and P. (Brachypolemius) rodriguezae n. sp. (Junin). Another new brachelytrous Silinae is described in the genus Discodon Gorham, 1881: D. huancavelica n. sp. (Huancavelica). Illustrations of habitus, main morphologic characters, male genitalia, keys to genera and species, and a distribution map are provided.
Corrections à l'article de Orousset (2023)
Authors: Orousset Jean
Published: March 2024

Corrections to the article by Orousset (2023). In the article published by Orousset in 2023, two mistakes were introduced regarding the name Amauronyx ephratae (Saulcy, 1874) and designation of type series of Amauronyx viti Orousset, 2023. They are corrected here.
The Effect of Omega-3 Supplementation on Serum Levels of Antioxidant Status in Patients With Bipolar Disease: A Randomized Double-blind Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Gholipour Dina ,   Student Research Committee, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran., Shahraki Mansour , Saravani Mohsen , Payandeh Abolfazl , Eslahi Hadi ,   Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.,   Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.,   Community Nursing Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.,   Student Research Committee, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Antioxidants prevent the progression of neuropsychiatric disorders, such as bipolar disorder (BD). Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation helps prevent lipid peroxidation and improve antioxidant status. This study aims to investigate the effect of omega-3 supplementation on serum levels of antioxidant status in patients with BD. Methods: In this study, 28 patients with BD received an omega-3 fatty acid supplement (2 g/daily) while the other 28 patients received edible paraffin oil (2 g/daily) for 60 days. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were evaluated in pre-intervention and post-intervention. Results: The results showed that omega-3 supplementation increased the activities of SOD (12.94±3.84 U/mL vs 17.72±3.59 U/mL) and CAT (5.08±1.61 nmol/min/mL vs 6.43±1.33 nmol/min/mL) in post-intervention compared to pre-intervention (P=0.001). The results also showed that omega-3 supplementation increased the activities of SOD (17.72±3.59 U/mL vs 13.79±3.12 U/mL) and CAT (6.43±1.33 nmol/min/mL vs 4.89±1.45 nmol/min/mL) compared to the control group in post-intervention (P=0.001). Omega-3 supplementation did not have significant effects on the serum concentration of TAC compared to pre-intervention (P=0.373) and control group (P=0.604). Conclusion: Omega-3 supplementation increased the activities of SOD and CAT and may decrease the progression of disease via increasing antioxidant status.
Alexithymia and Suicidal Ideation in Iranian Patients With Psoriasis
Authors:   Kavosh Behavioral, Cognitive and Addiction Research Center, Shafa Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Science, Rasht, Iran., Pourramzani Ali , Gharaei Nejad Kaveh ,   Skin Research Center, Razi Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences (GUMS), Rasht, Iran., Sayar Soheila ,   Skin Research Center, Razi Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences (GUMS), Rasht, Iran.
Published: March 2024

Background: Evidence highlighted the high prevalence of some mental problems among individuals with psoriasis, including alexithymia and suicidal ideation. Objectives: The present study aims to investigate the prevalence and comorbidity of alexithymia and suicidal ideation in individuals with psoriasis in Iran. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 patients with psoriasis referred to Razi Dermatology Clinic and Beesat Clinic of hospitals affiliated to Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran, in 2020. Psoriasis was diagnosed by a dermatologist, and the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients were recorded. The Toronto alexithymia scale (TAS-20) and the Beck scale for suicidal ideation (BSSI) were used to assess alexithymia and suicidal thoughts. Results: The mean age of patients was 37.56±10.58 years, and 51% were female. Among patients, 52% had alexithymia, 23% were at high risk of suicide, and 6% were at very high risk of suicide. The moderate severity of psoriasis had a significant association with suicidal thoughts (P<0.05). The TAS-20 score had a significant association with the male gender and younger age, and the BSSI score had a significant association with the psoriasis area (P=0.003). The highest score of BSSI was seen in those with psoriasis in the face and limb/trunk (10±4.36 and 8.56±8.52, respectively). Conclusion: Patients with psoriasis exhibit a significant prevalence of alexithymia and suicidal thoughts. Additionally, younger age and male gender were identified as factors associated with alexithymia in this population.
Suprasellar Immature Teratoma in A 20-year-old Male: A Case Report
Authors:   Neurosurgery Division, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital, Universitas Udayana, Bali, Indonesia., Golden Nyoman , Kristian Putra Kevin ,   Neurosurgery Division, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital, Universitas Udayana, Bali, Indonesia., Awyono Steven ,   Neurosurgery Division, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital, Universitas Udayana, Bali, Indonesia., Lauren Christopher ,   Neurosurgery Division, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital, Universitas Udayana, Bali, Indonesia.
Published: March 2024

Background: Immature teratomas are very rare in adults, especially in the suprasellar area, but they should be considered in the differential diagnosis, particularly when dealing with tumors located in the midline structure. Case presentation: In this study, we present a rare case of an immature teratoma in the suprasellar region of a 20-year-old male. A contrast-enhanced brain MRI revealed a multilocular cystic mass in the suprasellar area, accompanied by non-communicating hydrocephalus. To alleviate intracranial pressure, a shunting procedure was performed to redirect the cerebrospinal fluid. Moreover, tumor resection was carried out using an interhemispheric transcallosal approach. Conclusion: Histopathological examinations unveiled the presence of all three germ layers, followed by immature tissue, consistent with the features of an immature teratoma.
The Reliability of the Rehabilitative Ultrasound Imaging Method for Assessing Pelvic Floor Muscles Function in Pregnant Women
Authors:   Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Ghadiri Harati Parisa , Hosseini Seyed Majid ,   Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Javaheri Atiyeh ,   Department of Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran., Dehghan Manshadi Farideh ,   Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Akbarzadeh Baghban Alireza ,   Department of Biostatistics, Proteomics Research Center, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: March 2024

Background: To our knowledge, there is scant research on the use of rehabilitative ultrasound imaging (RUSI) method for evaluating bladder base displacement in pregnant women. The RUSI is a non-invasive and simple method that assesses the function of pelvic floor muscles (PFM) based on the movement of the bladder base. Objectives: This study aims to assess the reliability of the RUSI for the assessment of PFM function in pregnant women during voluntary muscle contractions. Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 18 pregnant women with different gestational ages participated. The amount of bladder base displacement during PFM contraction was assessed in all women and considered an indicator of PFM function. The test re-test reliability was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman plot. The percentages of standard error of measurement (SEM%) and minimal detectable change (MDC%) were also calculated. Results: The mean amount of bladder base displacement during PFM contraction at time points 1 and 2 was 4.89±1.43 and 4.81±1.41, respectively. The ICC was 0.989 (95% CI, 0.969%, 0.996%), which indicates excellent reliability. The Bland-Altman plot showed that all the points were within the 95% limits of agreement with no considerable trend or bias. The SEM% and MDC% were 3.09% and 8.41%, respectively. Conclusion: The intra-rater reliability of the RUSI to assess PFM function in pregnant women is high, and can be useful for further studies on the PFMs in pregnant women.
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension With Unusual Presentation in an Adolescent Girl: A Case Report
Authors:   Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Hassanzadeh Rad Afagh , Aminzadeh Vahid ,   Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Published: March 2024

Background: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) or pseudotumor cerebri is a rare disorder. Regarding the latest diagnostic criteria for this disorder, we present a rare case of IIH. Case presentation: The case was an 11-year-old girl referred to our center with generalized body pain and mild left-eye deviation with no other visual symptoms. She had a severe generalized pain especially in her back and prevertebral area. In the neurological examination, there was a mild left sixth nerve palsy and bilateral papilledema. We treated the patient with acetazolamide and to lumbar puncture, which reduced intracranial pressure. The generalized body pain was reduced gradually in ten days, eye deviation in three weeks, and papilledema in two months after treatment. Conclusion: Based on the serious complications of IIH, a thorough assessment of suspicious cases, including ophthalmoscopic examinations, is mandatory. Furthermore, clinicians should consider even rare and unknown specific symptoms in these patients.