bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of Biochemical Parameters in Chronic Drug Addict Patients; A Case-Control Study
Authors: Zeb Muhammad Asif , Shah Syed Izaz , Muhammad Pervez , Mehmood Insafia , Khan Sajid , Khan Sana Kanwal
Published: August 2022

Objective: To determine the effect of a biochemical parameter in chronic drug addict patients in Peshawar, Khyber Pukhtunkhwa. Materials and Methods: Blood samples of 90 drug addicts were randomly collected, 45 were hashish and 45 were heroin addicts. Drug addicts having hepatitis B and C infections were excluded from the study. Three milliliters of blood samples were collected in the lithium heparin tube using an aseptic technique for the determination of Alanine transaminase, Aspartate transaminase, Triglycerides, and Cholesterol. Results: Cholesterol was significantly decreased (P=0.00) in the age group between 21 and 40 years followed by the age group less than 20 years (P=0.02). Liver enzymes were significantly elevated but, were more significant up to 40 years (P=0.00). Conclusion: Heroin and hashish affect liver function enzymes Alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase and cause a reduction in cholesterol levels in individuals using drugs for a long period. Keywords: Alanine transaminase (ALT), Aspartate transaminase (AST), Triglycerides, and Cholesterol.
Detection of Malaria Parasites in Different Age and Gender Groups Using a Light Microscopy
Authors: Zeb Muhammad Asif , Irshad Muhammad , Anwar Syed Abbas , Nayyab Dur-E- , Ibrahim Muhammad , Zubair Muhammad
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The most frequent pathogens responsible for renal failure in hospitalised patients are Staphylococcus species, particularly in those receiving hemodialysis. The aim was to isolate and identified the Staphylococcus species from hemodialysis patients. Methodology: The research was carried out between November 2021 and February 2022. This study included participants who were receiving maintenance hemodialysis for end-stage renal illness. Each patient's demographic information was gathered using a structured questionnaire that had been evaluated beforehand. Blood samples from both sexes were taken (28 males and 22 females). The blood samples were sent directly to the research lab for processing after being inoculated into the Brain Heart Infusion broth under aseptic circumstances. Gram stain and biochemical assays were used to determine the bacteria's identity. Result :Overall, there were 44 percent female patients and 56 percent male patients. Out of all the blood samples analyse, 26% of samples showed evidence of bacterial development in the Brain Heart Infusion broth. S. aureus species (62 percent), S. epidermidis (15 percent), and S. saprophyticus were the Staphylococcus species that were detected 23 percent). Conclusion According to the findings, coagulase-positive Staphylococci were the most often isolated species from hemodialysis patients who had bacteremia, but coagulase-negative strains were identified far less frequently. The findings of the current study need to be confirmed by more research. Keywords: S. aureus, Kidney Failure, Hemodialysis, Femoral Double Lumen Catheter
Frequency of Staphylococcus Aureus Infection Associated with Femoral Double Lumen Catheter in Kidney Failure Patients
Authors: Khan Ihtisham , Faizan Muhammad , Naeem Wafa , Zubair Muhammad , Khan Ahmad Shamim , Shuaib Syed Luqman , Zaman Sadir
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The most frequent pathogens responsible for renal failure in hospitalised patients are Staphylococcus species, particularly in those receiving hemodialysis. The aim was to isolate and identified the Staphylococcus species from hemodialysis patients. Methodology: The research was carried out between November 2021 and February 2022. This study included participants who were receiving maintenance hemodialysis for end-stage renal illness. Each patient's demographic information was gathered using a structured questionnaire that had been evaluated beforehand. Blood samples from both sexes were taken (28 males and 22 females). The blood samples were sent directly to the research lab for processing after being inoculated into the Brain Heart Infusion broth under aseptic circumstances. Gram stain and biochemical assays were used to determine the bacteria's identity. Result :Overall, there were 44 percent female patients and 56 percent male patients. Out of all the blood samples analyse, 26% of samples showed evidence of bacterial development in the Brain Heart Infusion broth. S. aureus species (62 percent), S. epidermidis (15 percent), and S. saprophyticus were the Staphylococcus species that were detected 23 percent). Conclusion According to the findings, coagulase-positive Staphylococci were the most often isolated species from hemodialysis patients who had bacteremia, but coagulase-negative strains were identified far less frequently. The findings of the current study need to be confirmed by more research. Keywords: S. aureus, Kidney Failure, Hemodialysis, Femoral Double Lumen Catheter
Rezension von: Stadtarchiv Horb; Träger- und Förderverein Ehemalige Synagoge Rexingen (Hrsg.), Vom Leben in Horb am Neckar
Authors: Weber Andreas , Stadtarchiv (Horb am Neckar)  , Träger- und Förderverein Ehemalige Synagoge Rexingen
Published: August 2022

Vom Leben in Horb am Neckar. Die Geschichte der jüdischen Gemeinde und die Dokumentation ihres Friedhofs, hg. vom Stadtarchiv Horb und dem Träger- und Förderverein Ehemalige Synagoge Rexingen (Jüdische Friedhöfe der Stadt Horb, Bd. 3). Ubstadt-Weiher: verlag regionalkultur 2019. 416 S. mit 324, größtenteils farb. Abb. ISBN 978-3-95505-118-1. € 30,–
Rezension von: Oelwein, Cornelia, Amalie von Stubenrauch (1805–1876)
Authors: Müller Carl-Jochen , Oelwein Cornelia
Published: August 2022

Cornelia Oelwein, Amalie von Stubenrauch (1805 – 1876). Bühnenstar und Geliebte des Königs. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer 2020. 307 S. ISBN 978-3-17-037745-5. € 34,–
Rezension von: Militärgeschichtliche Gesellschaft Ludwigsburg (Hrsg.), Major Josef „Sepp“ Gangl
Authors: Krüger Dieter , Militärgeschichtliche Gesellschaft (Ludwigsburg)
Published: August 2022

Major Josef „Sepp“ Gangl. Ein Ludwigsburger Soldat im Widerstand, hg. von der Militärgeschichtlichen Gesellschaft Ludwigsburg (MGLB) e. V. Ubstadt-Weiher: verlag regionalkultur 2020. 292 S. mit 130 z.T. farb. Abb. ISBN 978-3-95505-236-2. € 29,80
Rezension von: Wuttke, Walter, Familie Eckstein
Authors: Bickhoff Nicole , Wuttke Walter
Published: August 2022

Walter Wuttke, Familie Eckstein. Lebensschicksale einer Musiker-Sinti-Familie aus Vöhringen und Rosenheim. Ein Erinnerungsbuch unter Mitarbeit von Erika Tanner. Weißenhorn: Anton H. Konrad 2018. 112 S., zahlr. Abb. ISBN 978-3-87437-588-7. € 14,95
Rezension von: Zotz, Thomas; Schmauder, Andreas; Kuber, Johannes (Hrsg.), Von den Welfen zu den Staufern
Authors: Rückert Peter , Zotz Thomas , Schmauder Andreas , Kuber Johannes
Published: August 2022

Thomas Zotz / Andreas Schmauder / Johannes Kuber (Hg.), Von den Welfen zu den Staufern. Der Tod Welfs VII. 1167 und die Grundlegung Oberschwabens im Mittelalter (Oberschwaben. Forschungen zu Landschaft, Geschichte und Kultur, Bd. 4). Stuttgart: Kohlhammer 2020. 304 S., zahlr. Farb- und s/w Abb. ISBN 978-3-17-037334-1. Geb. € 29,–
Rezension von: Klingner, Jens; Müsegades, Benjamin (Hrsg.), (Un)Gleiche Kurfürsten?
Authors: Frauenknecht Erwin
Published: August 2022

Jens Klingner / Benjamin Müsegades (Hg.), (Un)Gleiche Kurfürsten? Die Pfalzgrafen bei Rhein und die Herzöge von Sachsen im späten Mittelalter (1356 – 1547) (Heidelberger Veröffentlichungen zur Landesgeschichte und Landeskunde, Bd. 19). Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter 2017. 280 S., 9 s/w Abb. ISBN 978-3-8253-6764-0. € 45,–
Rezension von: Rödel, Volker; Tuchtenhagen, Ralph (Hrsg.), Die Schweden im deutschen Südwesten
Authors: Brüser Joachim , Rödel Volker , Tuchtenhagen Ralph
Published: August 2022

Volker Rödel / Ralph Tuchtenhagen (Hg.), Die Schweden im deutschen Südwesten. Vorgeschichte – Dreißigjähriger Krieg – Erinnerungen (Veröffentlichungen der Kommission für geschichtliche Landeskunde in Baden-Württemberg, Reihe B, Bd. 225). Stuttgart: Kohlhammer 2020. 391 S. ISBN 978-3-17-037424-9. € 34,–
Rezension von: Mährle, Wolfgang (Hrsg.), Nation im Siegesrausch
Authors: Kitzing Michael , Mährle Wolfgang
Published: August 2022

Nation im Siegesrausch. Württemberg und die Gründung des Deutschen Reiches 1870/71. Begleitbuch zur Ausstellung des Landesarchivs Baden-Württemberg, Hauptstaatsarchiv Stuttgart, hg. von Wolfgang Mährle. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer 2020. 384 S., Ill., Diagramm und 1 Blatt gefaltet. ISBN 978-3-17-038182-7. € 35,–
Rezension von: Maurer, Hans-Martin, Frühe Geschichtsvereine in Baden-Württemberg
Authors: Clemens Gabriele B. , Maurer Hans-Martin
Published: August 2022

Hans-Martin Maurer, Frühe Geschichtsvereine in Baden-Württemberg (Geschichte Württembergs, Impulse der Forschung, Bd. 4). Stuttgart: Kohlhammer 2019. 283 S., 29 Abb. ISBN 978-3-17-037667-0. € 19,–
Rezension von: Hartmann, Wolfgang, Grafensitze, Königsburg, Deutschordensschloss
Authors: Von Planta Conradin , Hartmann Wolfgang
Published: August 2022

Wolfgang Hartmann, Grafensitze – Königsburg – Deutschordensschloss. Die unbekannte Burgengeschichte von Bad Mergentheim. Amorbach: plexus Verlag 2019. 64 S. ISBN 978-3-937996-69-1. Brosch. € 10,10
Rezension von: Schrenk, Christhard (Hrsg.), Die 1970er Jahre in Heilbronn
Authors: Kitzing Michael , Schrenk Christhard
Published: August 2022

Christhard Schrenk (Hg.), Die 1970er Jahre in Heilbronn. Erinnerungen, Erkenntnisse, Aktualität. Heilbronner Wissenspause 2018 (Kleine Schriftenreihe des Archivs der Stadt Heilbronn, Bd. 69). Heilbronn: Stadtarchiv Heilbronn 2019. 351 S., Ill. ISBN 978-3-940646-29-3. € 17,50
Rezension von: Albrecht, Günter; Maisch, Andreas; Schuster, Reinhard; Stihler, Daniel (Hrsg.), Steinbach
Authors: Schiffer Peter , Albrecht Günter , Maisch Andreas , Schuster Reinhard , Stihler Daniel
Published: August 2022

Steinbach. Geschichte eines Dorfes am Fuße der Comburg, hg. von Günter Albrecht, Andreas Maisch, Reinhard Schuster und Daniel Stihler (Veröffentlichungen des Stadtarchivs Schwäbisch Hall, Heft 34). Schwäbisch Hall 2020. 636 S. mit zahlr. Abb. ISBN 978-3-932146-45-9. Geb. € 25,–
Rezension von: Müller, Philipp, Geschichte machen
Authors: Kretzschmar Robert , Müller Philipp
Published: August 2022

Philipp Müller, Geschichte machen. Historisches Forschen und die Politik der Archive. Göttingen: Wallstein 2019. 517 S. mit 8 s/w Abb. ISBN 978-3-8353-3599-8. Geb. € 44,90
Rezension von: Herrmann, Matthias, Das Reichsarchiv (1919–1945)
Authors: Kretzschmar Robert , Herrmann Matthias
Published: August 2022

Matthias Herrmann, Das Reichsarchiv (1919 – 1945). Eine archivische Institution im Spannungsfeld der deutschen Politik (Veröffentlichungen aus dem Stadtarchiv Kamenz, Bd. 4). Kamenz 2019. 534 S. ISBN 978-3-910046-78-8. € 49,–
Rezension von: Generaldirektion der Staatlichen Archive Bayerns (Hrsg.), Die Staatlichen Archive Bayerns in der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus
Authors: Krimm Konrad , Generaldirektion der Staatlichen Archive Bayerns
Published: August 2022

Die Staatlichen Archive Bayerns in der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus, hg. von der Generaldirektion der Staatlichen Archive Bayerns (Archivalische Zeitschrift, Bd. 96). Wien/Köln/Weimar: Böhlau 2019. 534 S. ISSN 0003 – 9497; ISBN 978-3-412-51606-2. Geb. € 50,–
Rezension von: Biewer, Ludwig; Henning, Eckart (Bearb.), Wappen
Authors: Merk Eberhard , Biewer Ludwig , Henning Eckart
Published: August 2022

Ludwig Biewer / Eckart Henning (Bearb.), Wappen. Handbuch der Heraldik. Als „Wappenfibel“ begründet von Adolf Matthias Hildebrandt, zuletzt weitergeführt von Jürgen Arndt, hg. vom Herold, Verein für Heraldik, Genealogie und verwandte Wissenschaften in Berlin. 20., aktualisierte und neugestaltete Auflage. Köln/Weimar/Wien: Böhlau Verlag 2017. 382 S., zahlr. Abb. ISBN 978-3-412-50372-7. Geb. € 40,–
Rezension von: Stieldorf, Andrea (Hrsg.), Die Urkunde
Authors: Thaller Anja , Stieldorf Andrea
Published: August 2022

Die Urkunde. Text – Bild – Objekt, hg. von Andrea Stieldorf (Das Mittelalter, Beiheft 12). Berlin: De Gruyter 2019. VIII + 429 S., 52 s/w Abb., 89 Farbabb. ISBN 978-3-11-064396-1. € 99,95
Rezension von: Pätzold, Stefan; Stumpf, Marcus (Hrsg.), Briefe als Quellen der landesgeschichtlichen Forschung
Authors: Thaller Anja , Pätzold Stefan , Stumpf Marcus
Published: August 2022

Briefe als Quellen der landesgeschichtlichen Forschung, hg. von Stefan Pätzold und Marcus Stumpf (Westfälische Quellen und Archivpublikationen, Bd. 31). Münster: LUC 2020. 137 S., 15 s/w Abb. ISBN 978-3-936258-30-1. € 18,–
Once Again About the Clash of Civilizations
Authors: Popov V. V.
Published: August 2022

The article contains a number of arguments defending the idea that Russian civilization is independent and separate and explains the conclusion that the current confrontation between Western and Russian civilizations is essentially a civilizational conflict.
Comparative Analysis of the Migration Legislation of Russia, Germany and Switzerland
Authors: Dumina E. V. , Tyulyakova S. A.
Published: August 2022

The article reveals the peculiarities of national legislation in the sphere of migration in Russia, Germany and Switzerland. These countries are very attractive for migrants within their regions, so the topic of improving legislation is relevant for all of them. A comparative analysis of a number of norms has been carried out, the results of which demonstrate the most effective methods and approaches of working with migrants: protection of their rights, adaptation measures, modes of stay of citizens on the territory of the country. Based on the data obtained, recommendations for changing the national migration policy are proposed.
The Main Directions of Development of Kazakh-Russian Cooperation in the Border Area: Transport and Logistics Vector
Authors: Marmontova T. V. , Kozhirova S. B.
Published: August 2022

The article deals with the issues of bilateral relations between the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation in the border area in the sphere of transport and logistics. The analysis is based on the idea that the study of the situation in the sphere of transport and logistics can be associated with the consideration of the barrier and communicative function of the border. The authors drew attention to how transparency issues affect the economic aspects of interaction. Based on the dynamics of trade turnover, the peculiarities of cargo traffic, conclusions are drawn about the dynamics of the development of relations for nearest future. As a result, key indicators and the main directions of Kazakh-Russian cross-border cooperation in the sphere of railways were identified. Based on the study of the specifics of transport flows, the dynamics of economic interaction between the border regions of the Russian Federation and Kazakhstan is shown. The main problems that economic entities of the border regions of the two countries regularly face due to logistical problems were formulated. Conclusions are also drawn about how the consistent solution of these problems will contribute to the expansion and deepening of relationships not only in the border area, but also at the country-wide level.
Models of post-conflict settlement on the example of Arab countries
Authors: Matveev I. A. , Serebrov S. N. , Khlebnikov A. L.
Published: August 2022

The article presents the materials of a scientific discussion related to the topic of post-conflict settlement in the Arab world, organized by the National Communications Development Research Institution together with the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The authors analyze theoretical models and specific cases of settlement in the regions of the Middle East, North Africa, the Arab world and related challenges. The humanitarian aspect of post-conflict political settlement and economic reconstruction, which has been associated with a number of challenges in recent years, is considered.
مدى امتلاك طلبة الصف الثاني عشر لمهارات المستقبل من وجهة نظر مديري المدارس في محافظة شمال الشرقية
Authors: الصوافية ثريا , الصوافية جوخة
Published: August 2022

يهدف البحث إلى الكشف عن مدى امتلاك طلبة الصف الثاني عشر لمهارات المستقبل من وجهة نظر مديري المدارس في محافظة شمال الشرقية، وكذلك التعرف على مدى وجود فروق ذات دلالة احصائية في امتلاك طلبة الصف الثاني عشر لمهارات المستقبل تعزى لمتغير الجنس، استخدمت الباحثتين المنهج الوصفي، وللإجابة عن أسئلة الدراسة طبقت الباحثتين استبيان مهارات المستقبل لدى طلاب الصف 12 (من إعداد الباحثتين) على عينة مكونة من (31) مدير ومديرة من مديري المدارس التي تحتوي على الصف الثاني عشر في محافظة شمال الشرقية، فجاءت نتائج الدراسة كالتالي: أن طلاب الصف 12 بمحافظة شمال الشرقية يمتلكون مهارات المستقبل بدرجة كبيرة من وجهة نظر مديري ومديرات المدارس، كما توصلت النتائج إلى أن متغير الجنس يؤثر على درجة امتلاك مهارات المستقبل لدى الطلاب لصالح الطالبات الإناث. وفي النهاية استخلصت الباحثتين مجموعة من التوصيات للعاملين في الميدان التربوي والتعليمي في السلطنة.
أثر استخدام تطبيقات التعلم المدمج على التحصيل، والإدراك العددي لدى تلاميذ الصف الثالث الأساسي ذوي صعوبات تعلم الرياضيات في محافظة الداخلية بسلطنة عمان
Authors: الرواحي منصور , العتبية رسمية
Published: August 2022

هدفت الدراسة تعرُّف إلى أثر استخدام تطبيقات التعلم المدمج على التحصيل، والإدراك العددي لدى تلاميذ الصف الثالث الأساسي ذوي صعوبات تعلم الرياضيات في محافظة الداخلية بسلطنة عمان، ولتحقيق هدف الدراسة؛ استخدم الباحثان المنهج شبه التجريبي ذا المجموعة الواحدة، تألفت عينة الدراسة من (20) تلميذًا وتلميذة من تلاميذ صعوبات تعلم الرياضيات بمدرستين تم اختيارهما بطريقة عشوائية من محافظة الداخلية، وقد تمّ إعداد اختبار التحصيل العددي، واختبار الإدراك العددي، والتحقق من صدقهما بعرضهما على مجموعة من المحكمين، ثم التأكد من ثباتهما بحساب قيمة معامل الثبات لأغراض الاتساق الداخلي والذي بلغ (0.95) للاختبار التحصيلي، و(0.93) لاختبار الإدراك العددي. كشفت نتائج الدراسة وجود فروقًا ذات دلالة إحصائية لصالح التطبيق البعدي لأدوات الدراسة، وأوصت الدراسة بضرورة المزاوجة بين التعليم الوجاهي والتعليم الإلكتروني في تدريس تلاميذ صعوبات التعلم، والتخلص من كافة المعيقات التي تحول دون الاستفادة من تطبيق التعلم المدمج المتبع في ظل انتشار فيروس كرورنا مع هذه الفئة من التلاميذ
تحديات التعليم الرقمي(الإلكتروني)عند التعليم عن بعد في ضوء متغيرات العصر من وجهة نظر الطلبة في ظل جائحة كورونا (مدرسة الإمام ناصر بن مرشد للبنين (12 - 10) إنموذجا)
Authors: الرمحي عبدالله
Published: August 2022

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى الكشف عن تحديات التعليم الرقمي في ضوء متغيرات العصر من وجهة نظر الطلبة في ظل جائحة كورونا(مدرسة الإمام ناصر بن مرشد للبنين (12 -10) إنموذجا). تكون مجتمع الدراسة من جميع طلاب الصف الحادي عشر من التعليم ما بعد الأساسي(12 -10) بمدرسة الإمام ناصر بن مرشد للبنين(12 -10) الحكومية بمحافظة جنوب الباطنة بسلطنة عمان للعام الدراسي 2021/2020م، والبالغ عددهم (400) طالب، وقد تكونت عينة الدراسة من (168) طالباً بالمدرسة، ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة استخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وأعد استبانة تكونت من (6) عبارات، ومقياس اتجاه تكون من (14) عبارة. وقد تم التأكد من صدق وثبات الأدوات، وأظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن أبرز التحديات من وجهة نظر الطلبة هي الشبكة المتعلقة "بالإنترنت"، والأجهزة وملحقاتها المستخدمة للتعليم الرقمي جاءت بدرجة مرتفعة، وأن مستوى اتجاهات طلبة الصف الحادي عشر نحو التعليم الرقمي جاء محايدًا، كما أظهرت نتائج الدراسة عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين تقديرات أفراد العينة نحو التعليم الرقمي تبعا لمتغير المادة الدراسية (المواد الأدبية / والمواد العلمية / المواد المهارات الفردية). ومما أوصى به الباحث ضرورة الإسراع في تحسين شبكة الإنترنت، وتوفير الأجهزة الإلكترونية بالكم والكيف الكافيين لعملية التعليم الرقمي، وتنمية الوعي لدى الطلبة حول استخدام التعليم الرقمي (الإلكتروني) في التدريس المدرسي وأثره على التحصيل المعرفي وتنمية المهارات لديهم، وتعزيز اتجاهات الطلبة نحو التعليم الرقمي وتطبيقها على عينات ومراحل أخرى.
الكلمات المفتاحية: التعليم الرقمي، التعليم عن بعد، اتجاهات الطلبة، جائحة كورونا، طلبة المدرسة.
قدرة التعليم الإلكتروني في الجامعات السعـــــــــودية على الاستجابة لحالة الطوارئ في ظل جائحـــــــــــة كورونا COVID-19: دراسة حالة
Authors: هندي أسامة , العنزي احمد
Published: August 2022

هدفت الدراسة الى التعرف على حالة الجامعات في المملكة العربية السعودية ومدى قدرة التعليم الإلكتروني في الجامعات السعودية على استمرار المنظومة التعليمية في ظل جائحة كورونا ، وتكونت عينة الدراسة من عدد (264) عضو من أعضاء هيئة التدريس بالجامعات المختلفة والذين شاركوا في الإجابة على الاستبيان المقدم لهم ، والذين قاموا بالفعل باستخدام نظام التعليم الإلكتروني في كلياتهم، كما استندت الدراسة الى التقارير الرسمية الصادرة عن جامعات المملكة بخصوص استمرار العملية التعليمية والتي كانت تصدر بشكل أسبوعي عن منجزات المحاور المختلفة، وأعد الباحثان استبانة في أربعة محاور ( نظام إدارة التعلم والمحتوى الإلكتروني، استخدام الفصول الافتراضية،  نظام الاختبارات الإلكترونية، نظام الدعم الفني وتعزيز ممارسات التعليم الإلكتروني) وتم تحليل بيانات الاستبانة ،وتوصلت نتائج الدراسة الى أن التعلم الإلكتروني حقق نتائج جيدة جدا ومتميزة أدت الى استمرار العملية التعليمية بشكل ربما فاق توقعات المسؤولين وأعضاء هيئة التدريس، وتوصى الدراسة بمجموعة من التوصيات التي تؤكد على أهمية استمرار دعم التعلم الإلكتروني وزيادة التدريب والتعميم لانتشار ثقافته حتى بعد مرور الأزمة.
Evaluation of influence of bone quality on onset of action and the volume of anesthetic solution required
Authors: Sandeep Chiramana , Kishore Kadiyala Krishna , Babu Muvva Suresh , Vineeth Raavi , Phani M. , Sravani Kanigicharla
Published: August 2022

Aim: To evaluate the drug volume and onset of action of local anesthetic agent in different bone densities. Methodology: Present study was conducted on 40 subjects (20 male and 20 female) between 25 to 50 years attending to Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, A 1.8ml 2% lignocaine with adrenalin was injected in the buccal mucosa(1ml) and palatal mucosa (0.8ml) in desired site of evaluation in maxilla. The duration of onset of action in minutes and drug volume used in milliliters was evaluated, where mainly comparison was done between two different densities of bone (D2,D3) according to Misch classification. Results: Areas of maxillary which had a denser cortical bone (D2) needed more volume (1.8-3.6 ml) of local anaesthetic solution (mean ± sd= 2.98 ± 1.02) for achieving its mode of action and subsequently lead to numbness when compared to D3 bone which was more of a porous variety which needed less volume of anaesthetic solution (mean ± sd= 1.63± 0.78) to achieve results. The comparative result was statistically significant (P=0.037). Conclusion: The denser the bone, more time it would take to achieve adequate level of anesthesia.
Analysis of oral and pulmonary mycoses in suspected subjects of pulmonary tuberculosis visiting Indian healthcare center
Authors: Shiral Hema , Goel Renu , Rangari Priyadarshini , Rangari Amit A.
Published: August 2022

Background: Fungal infection of the lungs caused by endemic, opportunist, or combined fungi is pulmonary mycosis comprising a wide range of fungal diseases commonly seen in debilitated or immunocompromised subjects. Aims: To identify the pulmonary mycoses occurrence in suspected subjects of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) by identifying and isolating various fungi causing pulmonary mycoses. Methods: 400 samples were taken from 200 suspected subjects of pulmonary TB where acid-fast staining was done to identify AFB (acid-fast bacilli), KOH, and gram stain to assess fungal element presence followed by culture on SDA to study fungal morphology. Germ-tube test used for C. Albicans identification. Results: Pulmonary mycosis was seen in 58 study subjects where candida species were the most commonly isolated fungal organism seen in 51.72% (n=30) study subjects followed by Aspergillus Niger, which was isolated in 20.68% (n=12) study subjects from their sputum. Candida albicans were most common and were isolated in 7 males where 3 were in the age of 11-20 years and 4 in 31-40 years, whereas Candida species were isolated from 23 females where in 11-20, 41-50, and 51-60 years had 3 females each, 61-70 years range had 5 females, and 9 females were in the age of 71-80 years.
Immune checkpoints inhibitors in cancer therapy-current status and future prospects
Authors: Karasu Sai Meghana , Acharya Kirtish , Siddiqui Nadeem , Khan Imad , Subashini M , Dutta Rhishika
Published: August 2022

The field of oncology is revolutionized by immunotherapy. immunotherapy is a fundamental breakthrough in cancer treatment that focuses on boosting the natural defense for malignant cell elimination. Cancer immunotherapy is of different forms including, virus therapies, adoptive cell transfer, cytokine therapies, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and cancer vaccines, all of which have promise future developments and clinical applications. To maintain homeostasis several pathways of immune signaling are employed that inhibit or stimulate immune responses. These immune signaling pathways help to keep immune responses maintained by avoiding autoimmunity and chronic inflammation, these immune signals that regulate immune responses in the body are also known as immune checkpoints. The responses of numerous self-regulating checkpoints of the immune system are exploited by the cancerous cells. Immune checkpoint inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are becoming the most important immunotherapies, despite the progress of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). ICIs are the antibodies that inhibit the receptors of the immune checkpoint, PD-1/PD-L1, and CTLA-4. It has potential benefits in cancer treatment for long-term survival and antitumor effect production in malignancies of a broad spectrum.
De-constructing inequitable access to health care services in Nigeria
Authors: Ikenyei Ngozi S. , Julie Akpotor
Published: August 2022

The derogation of erstwhile traditional healthcare services popularized modern healthcare systems which have been adjudged by many Nigerians as profit-making ventures rather than that saving life. Only affluence can afford quality health care in Nigeria. The situation is worst for the majority of women who survive under men. Thus, exploitation and inequitable access to modern health care services stiffened health challenges for many Nigerians especially women. Thus, this study examined ways of deconstructing gender and the capitalist system of health care, a panacea for equitable access to health care services in Nigeria. Weber's social action and rational theory were used for the explanation of variables. Data was generated with the use of questionnaires, case studies, and In-depth and key informant interviews. Data were analyzed using the statistical package for the social sciences. Chi-square and cross-tabulations validated the connectivity between government policies, equitable access to health care services and the health of the masses. The validity and reliability of instruments were ascertained by pilot study (test-retest analysis). Interview and (X2=16.09; P<0.05) revealed that the irrational and non-affectionate posture of physicians under the modern health care system is more terrifying than sickness and death itself.
Estimation of bilastine and montelukast by stability indicating liquid chromatographic method in pure binary mixture and their marketed tablets
Authors: Kunala Anusha , Gummadi Sowjanya
Published: August 2022

The main objective of the current work is to develop and validate a new RP-HPLC method for estimation of Bilastine and Montelukast in bulk and in their combined tablets. A good separation of both analytes in various types solutions was attained by using a Ascentis C18 (150 x 4.6mm, 2.6µ) column with a solvent or mobile phase of 0.1% OPA: acetonitrile (50:50 v/v) at a flow rate of 1ml/min and a detection wavelength of 230nm. To test the stability of the analytes, the drug substance was put in an environment with a lot of stress, such as hydrolysis with acid and base, peroxide oxidation, and thermal degradation. At at 2.25min and 2.78 min, Bilastine and Montelukast were eluted with isocratic elution. The method is expected to show a linear response from 2.5 to 15µg/ml for Bilastine and from 5 to 30 µg/ml for Montelukast. Bilastine's LOD and LOQ were establishe to be 0.1and 0.31µg/ml, while Montelukast's were 0.3 and 0.91µg/ml. From the Bilastine and Montelukast peaks, the degradant peaks that were made were easy to tell apart. The method was very sensitive, accurate, cost-effective, and showed stability.
Association of XbaI polymorphism of ApoB gene with lipid profile, risk factors and dietary pattern in coronary artery disease Egyptian rural and urban patients
Authors: El-Sayed Kefaya , Almenshawy Ahmad , El-Farahaty Reham M , Osman Adel Mohamad , Mahsoub Nancy
Published: August 2022

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a complex disorder. It is thought to be a result of gene-gene and gene-environment interactions. It was reported that XbaI polymorphism of ApoB gene is associated with CAD. However, the results were conflicting and risk factors were not fully studied in the previous studies. Aim: It was to estimate the association of XbaI polymorphism of ApoB gene with lipid profile, risk factors and dietary pattern in CAD Egyptian population. Subjects and Methods: This study was conducted on 400 Egyptians (200 healthy subjects; 100 Rural and 100 Urban controls and 200 CAD patients; 100 Rural and 100 Urban patients). CAD patients were diagnosed on the bases of clinical and angiographic assessment. Polymerase chain reaction – Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to genotype ApoB XbaI polymorphism of ApoB gene. Results: The ApoB XbaI X+X+ genotype frequency was higher in urban control versus urban CAD subgroups. Multivariate analysis revealed that male gender, hypertension, smoking, increased body mass index (BMI), high serum total cholesterol (TC), low serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and high score of unhealthy diet were associated with CAD increased risk, while high score of healthy diet was protective.
Evaluation of implant bonding strength for PEKK with strontium hydroxyapatite as composite and coating implant material
Authors: Jani Ghasak H. , Fatalla Abdalbseet A , Mahdi A. K
Published: August 2022

To date, there has been a lot of interest in the development of medical/dental implant materials. Many studies have been conducted in recent years on the development of composites, particularly those based on calcium phosphate bio-ceramic, because their structure is comparable to that of human bone. The aim of the study was to evaluate the bond strength between the bone and pekk implant with strontium hydroxyapatite after different periods of implantation (2, 6) weeks in rabbit tibia by push out test.60 polymer implants, 3.0 mm in diameter and 8mm in length (20 control pure PEKK, 20 composite SR HA /PEKK implant and 20 implant coating with strontium hydroxyapatite by RF magnetron sputtering. The assess surface topography was done by using Scanning electron microscope. The screws were implanted in twenty healthy adult new zeeland rabbits each tibia received three, one coated with sr ha, one composite SR HA / PEKK and third pure PEKK. Push out test was done to determine the peak force necessary to remove the implant from tibia bone after different periods (2 and 6 weeks) of implantation.
Analysis of accuracy of two different implant impression techniques
Authors: Bangar Bhushan , Reddy Sashi Deepth J. , Arif Shaik Mohammed , Asopa Vipul , Swarup Siddharth , Kaur Inderpreet B.
Published: August 2022

Background: Comparatively evaluate the accuracy of two different implant impression techniques. Materials & methods: For the present study, reference models used were an edentulous mandibular cast with four implant analogues in the anterior region and a metallic insert in the posterior. Two impression techniques were studied as followed: Group 1: Polyvinyl siloxane impressions (putty and light body) using stock metal tray, and Group 2: Polyether impressions (medium body) using stock metal tray. Connection of the impression posts was done to implant analogues with the screws tightened manually such that their flat surfaces were facing buccally. The longer impression posts were connected to the anterior analogues and shorter were connected to the posterior analogues. A self-calibration test was performed to determine the accuracy obtained by the single evaluator. Results: Mean error among the specimens of Group 1 was 0.0441 while mean error among the specimens of Group 2 was 0.0425 respectively. While comparing the mean error among the two study groups, non-significant results were obtained. Conclusion: From the above results, the authors concluded that both the impression techniques can be used with equal effectiveness in implant procedures.
Analysis of hospital website contents for promoting medical tourism among accredited and non-Accredited hospitals
Authors: Swathi K.S. Swathi K.S. , Supriya P. , Barkur Gopalkrishna , Somu G. Somu G. , Sampathila Niranjana
Published: August 2022

Hospital websites act as significant marketing channels for promoting and showing medical destinations, amenities, medical personnel, and services. It is believed that the accreditation status of hospitals assures the provision of quality care and adherence to high standards of patient safety practices. Hence, a cross-sectional analysis of hospital websites is performed to examine the association between the status of accreditation and hospital website content in promoting medical tourism. The contents of 111 hospitals’ websites were coded using an ‘ad-hoc Codebook’ that has five categories of website information summing to a total of 38 items and the total evaluation scores were calculated for each hospital. The findings show a significant difference in the 3 groups of hospitals. JCI accredited hospitals displayed most of the information on their websites significantly, followed by NABH accredited hospitals. Minimum information such as accommodation/travel arrangements and photos of the facilities were predominantly displayed on the websites of non-accredited hospitals. A high percentage of hospitals need improvement in the areas of admission and medical services follow-up through phone calls, email, or real-time chats.
The state of human capital for Indian states: An empirical evidence from health and education performance
Authors: Mehra Kishor , Dogga Satyanarayanamurty , Kuruva Mahendra Babu
Published: August 2022

Using composite index method, the present study attempts to construct Human Capital Index (HCI) for Indian states by multiplying the contributions of three major components- survival, health, and education. The study reveals that Kerala, Goa, and Chandigarh occupy the top three ranks. In contrast, the other states, like Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and Madhya Pradesh occupied the bottom three positions. The study has key policy implications and calls for a Human Capital centric approach towards economic growth, which will help India build the edifice of its growth story, on the strong foundations of productive human capital
Pharmaceutical development of metronidazole loaded transferosome gel for skin delivery
Authors: Gayathri H. , Sangeetha S.
Published: August 2022

Objective: The focus of this research was out whether a transfersomal gel formulation for transdermal delivery of Metronidazole. Methods: Azole Antifungals include metronidazole, which is used to treat fungal and yeast infections. Transferosomes are supra-molecular aggregates that are ultra-flexible and have a high ability to penetrate mammalian skin intact. Drug encapsulation in various transfersomal formulations containing various ratios of different drug concentrations (0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 g) and Carbopol-934 (0.5, 1, 2 g) is being researched for use as a transferosomal gel.Results: Entrapment efficiency (EE %), drug content, in-vitro skin permeation tests, and stability investigations were performed on the produced formulations. The vesicles were spherical in shape, as confirmed by Transmission Electron Microscopy. Metronidazole was successfully pinned with a standardised drug content in all formulations, according to the resultsThe 0.1 g Metronidazole optimised transferosome formulation MG2 showed promising results, with maximum drug release (94.32%) and maximum drug release (94.32%). Conclusion: According to this report, transferosomes are a promising long-term delivery mechanism for metronidazole and have reasonably good stability.This study suggests that transferosomes containing Metronidazole may be used as a transdermal drug delivery tool for fungal skin infections.
The effects of sub-MIC ciprofloxacin exposure on antibiotic susceptibility and virulence factors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027
Authors: Thuc Quyen Huynh  , Thi Thu Hoai Nguyen
Published: August 2022

Exposure to antibiotics below their minimum inhibitory concentration (sub-MIC) is known to be a selection pressure for the development of antibiotic resistance. In this work, we aimed to provide more understanding of how antibiotic resistance and cross-resistance developed in Pseudomonas aeruginosa under sub-MIC exposure to Ciprofloxacin. Fully susceptible P. aeruginosa ATCC 9027 was serially exposed to sub-MIC level of ciprofloxacin for 14 days to generate E1 strain, then cultured in antibiotic-free environment for 10 days to obtain E2 strain. Changes in MIC values, susceptibility profile and virulence (protease, elastin, biofilm formation, motility) of these strains were evaluated compared to the original P. aeruginosa ATCC 9027. After antibiotic exposure, P. aeruginosa strains developed resistance to the ciprofloxacin with the MIC values increased by 32 times, and the exposed strains only developed resistance to ciprofloxacin and other fluoroquinolones but not to unrelated antibiotics. The resistant phenotype did not revert fully after 10 days in antibiotic-free environment. In addition, there was noticeable changes in the pathogen’s virulence factors during antibiotic exposure. In summary, sub-MICs exposure of P. aeruginosa provided positive selection for antibiotic resistant phenotype, which did not revert after 10 days in antibiotic- free environment. Exposure to sub-MIC level of antibiotics caused significant changes in virulence and antibiotic susceptibility of the pathogen.
Mechanism model of technological incentives for the growth and development of small-scale Agro-industry groups in Indonesia (Case Study: Cocoa)
Authors: Zulfiandri Zulfiandri  , Roesfiansjah Rasjidin
Published: August 2022

The Indonesian government has sporadically carried out coaching and development of small industries, in the form of technology incentives. However, this technology incentive is still misdirected, because there is no standard mechanism for providing technology incentives. Misdirected technological incentives will not strengthen the group. This study aims to build a model mechanism for providing technology incentives by the government to agro-industry groups (cacao case study). The study used a soft system methodology (SSM) approach. This study is in 11 conceptual models of the mechanism for providing incentives by the government. The key elements of the action program are sector/quadrant IV (Independent), namely determining the Leading Sector, providing technology incentives for agro-industry groups, and compiling a map of group-based cocoa industry development problems. These elements have the greatest driving power with the lowest level of dependence on other elements. This means the second and fourth institutional elements are the most important key elements.
Change Is Good: Vary what and where you practice
Authors:   Character Lab, Bjork Robert A.
Published: August 2022

Some years ago, I mentioned to a journalist that varying practice is better for learning, but most people don’t do it. For example, I said, people practice golf in a decidedly nonoptimal way. Intrigued, the journalist arranged to meet me and two of my colleagues at a driving range, where we watched golfers working hard to improve their game. Invariably, they would line up their stance with the tee, then hit many shots at a particular target with a particular club before switching to a different club and target.
Fundamental Beliefs: How you see the world matters
Authors:   Character Lab, Clifton Jer
Published: August 2022

Like many kids of the early 2000s, I learned my life lessons from The West Wing. At one point in the show, Toby and Andrea realized that they divorced because their opposing fundamental beliefs impacted their parenting.
Me to Me: Make comparisons with yourself, not with others
Authors:   Character Lab, Duckworth Angela
Published: August 2022

In the fictional town of Lake Wobegon, “all the children are above average.” When I was in college, though, where you stood compared to the class average was no joking matter. In fact, in the science courses I was taking, it was standard practice to make clear that exactly half of the students in any class were below average.
The Paramecium Principle
Authors:   Character Lab, Duckworth Angela
Published: August 2022

The paramecium is an amazing organism. It survives and thrives using just one basic principle: If things are getting better, keep swimming in that direction, and if not, change course. If the water’s too hot or too cold, if there isn’t enough to eat, or if it gets stuck, the single-celled paramecium simply backs up and tries another angle
Brand Architecture and Performance of Water Bottling Firms in Nairobi City County, Kenya
Authors:   University of Nairobi, Awinyo Sarah Adhiambo , Kibera Francis Ndungu ,   University of Nairobi, Kinoti Mary Wanjiru ,   University of Nairobi, Njeru Winnie Gacugu ,   University of Nairobi
Published: August 2022

The broad objective of the study was to establish the effect of brand architecture on performance of water bottling firms in Nairobi City County, Kenya. The specific objectives were to determine the influence of brand architecture on firm performance. Testable hypothesis was derived from extant literature and tested through regression analysis. The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional survey with primary data gathered from 209 major water bottling firms in Nairobi, using a semi-structured questionnaire. The study achieved a response rate of 67.9%. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The research results revealed a statistically significant relationship between brand architecture and non-financial firm performance (R2 =0.704, F= 333.64, p-value<0.05); financial firm performance (R2 = 0.692, F= 314.904, p-value <0.05). These results are consistent with those of previous study findings on the relationship between brand architecture and firm performance. The study results will facilitate policy makers in the enactment of policies that will facilitate access to resources that promote investment in the brand development process linked to brand architecture. In practice, the findings will support managers in obtaining approval for additional resources required for brand architecture. The study underscores the significance of brand architecture in enhancing performance. The results of the study have contributed to theory, policy, and practice. The study outcomes enhance the existing brand architecture and firm performance body of knowledge, by empirically testing the hypotheses in the Kenyan context. Keywords: Brand Architecture, Firm Performance, Water Bottling Industry, Nairobi City County, Kenya
Understanding the Progression and Impact of Anti-LGBTQ+ Legislation: A Community Conversation
Authors: Duarte Bryan J. , Kroeger Janice , Reyna Rivarola Alonso R. , Russell Stephen , Cohen Sarah Simi
Published: August 2022

What follows is a transcript of the first such community conversation focused on the recent progression of anti-LGBTQ+ legislation. During the 2021-22 legislative session at least 15 states have considered or passed bills that would affect ways of discussing, addressing, or interacting with LGBTQ+ youth in schools. This legislation includes prohibitions of curriculum and instruction on sexual orientation or gender identity for students in kindergarten through 8th grade, prohibitions against school personnel providing gender-affirming care, requirements for parental consent for club participation (including LGBTQ+ clubs), requirements for parental consent regarding pronoun usage, the banning of books with LGBTQ+ themes in schools and libraries, and protections for teachers who refuse to use a student’s pronoun that is different from their sex at birth. Our conversation focused on understanding the evolution of these types of policies and the potential impact on students, families, teachers, and school leaders.
Pathological and Microbiological Diagnosis of Cutaneous Blastomycosis in a Four Months Old Dog in Zambia
Authors:   School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia, Yabe John , Luswili Caesar ,   Cornerstone Veterinary Clinic, Plot 11086. Great North Road, Emmasdale, Lusaka, Hang’ombe Bernard ,   School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia, Changula Katendi ,   School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia, Ndambasia Daniel ,   School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia, Muwowo Mutinta Mweemba ,   School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia, Mubanga Maron ,   School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia, Mulenga Evans ,   School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
Published: August 2022

Background: Blastomycosis is usually a systemic fungal disease, most commonly diagnosed in dogs and humans. Cutaneous involvement primarily results from hematogenous spread, but in rare cases, direct inoculation can occur. Case presentation: The current report describes a case of a four-month-old male dog presented with cutaneous lesions caused by Blastomyces dermatitidis without the pulmonary or disseminated disease. Diagnosis was achieved through histopathology and culture. Surgical debulking associated with systemic therapy with oral itraconazole resulted in significant remission of the lesion. Conclusions: To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case of cutaneous blastomycosis reported in an animal in Zambia, which was successfully treated using oral itraconazole. Accurate diagnosis and treatment of the disease in dogs is of public health importance as canine blastomycosis can be a presage of the disease in humans.
A Review on Nanosponges
Authors: V. Maheshwari  , Jyothi Gattu , Prasad  , Reddy Hrushikesh , M. Sudhakar
Published: August 2022

Effective targeted drug delivery systems have been a dream for a long time, but it has been largely frustrated by the complex chemistry that is involved in the development of new systems. The invention of nanosponges has become a significant step towards overcoming these problems. Nanosponges are tiny sponges with a size of about a virus, which can be filled with a wide variety of drugs. These tiny sponges can circulate around the body until they encounter the specific target site and stick on the surface and begin to release the drug in a controlled and predictable manner. Nanosponges can be referred to as solid porous particles having a capacity to load drugs and other actives into their nanocavity; they can be formulated as oral,parenteral, topical or inhalation dosage forms. Because the drug can be released at the specific target site instead of circulating throughout the body it will be more effective for a particular given dosage. Another important character of these sponges is their aqueous solubility; this allows the use of these systems effectively for drugs with poor solubility. In this, application of nanosponges, methods of preparation, evaluation parameter have been discussed.