bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kemampuan Membaca Diftong pada Siswa Kelas III Sekolah Dasar Negeri 010 Desa Pengalihan Kecamatan Keritang Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir
Authors: Kurniaman Otang , Antosa Zariul , Pirawati Pirawati
Published: December 2023

The aim of this research is to determine the ability to read diphthongs in class III students at state elementary school 010, diversion village, Keritang subdistrict, Indragiri downstream district, academic year 2022/2023.  This research is qualitative research using a case study approach.  The research subjects were third grade students.  Data collection used observation and in-depth interview methods.  The researcher is the main instrument in the research with the help of observation guidelines and interview guidelines.  The data analysis techniques used are data presentation, data reduction, and drawing conclusions.  The triangulation used to test the validity of the data is source, time and technique triangulation.  The results of the research showed that there were three class III students who were not able to read diphthongs well and correctly, in fact they could not read at all, these students were DI aged 9 years, RR aged 9 years, AS aged 9 years and three students in class III were  research subject.  This research shows that there are three cases of students who have not been able to read diphthongs properly and correctly.
Manajemen Pengembangan Kurikulum di Sekolah MI Al-Istianah Sidoarjo
Authors: Rohmah Ainur , Salma Masyqi , Muttaqin M. Irsyad , Amalia Kaniati
Published: December 2023

The educational process in learning activities or in the classroom can run smoothly, comfortably and interactively if it is based on a good basic program. Education can be carried out well if the curriculum is used as the main tool to support the teaching and learning process, one of the government's efforts to improve the quality of education through program innovation. Curriculum research is one of the factors and ways to facilitate the implementation of education to achieve the stated goals. The school curriculum is an important part of education because it regulates the entire educational process from planning to assessment. The program development process includes the steps necessary to develop a program; can also be understood as steps to create a program or improve an existing program. The method used in preparing this article is qualitative by collecting data using interview and observation techniques related to curriculum development management. As a result, you can understand the curriculum development process so you know the steps taken to develop the curriculum at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Taman Sidoarjoand substantiated in the main text and should not exaggerate the main conclusions.
Penerapan Teori Belajar Behaviorisme dan Belajar Kognitif Sosial Albert Bandura di Sekolah
Authors: Habsy Bakhrudin All , Salsabila Adinda , Husna Aulia Mustafida , Putri Dwi Ajeng Mareta
Published: December 2023

Learning theory is a set of interrelated general principles and explanations of certain facts and findings relating to learning events. There are some theoretical perspectives of learning known in educational psychology. Each of these perspectives sees learning as individual change, but each has a different focus and importance. The method used in this article is qualitative descriptive method by conducting document research analysis. Here we conduct research based on previous research publications/references that have been uploaded in scientific journals and contain theories related to the discussion of research. The purpose of this study is to describe the application and implications of behaviorism learning theory and Bandura's social cognitive learning theories in school learning. The behavioral learning theorem emphasizes learning as visible and observable behavioural changes influenced by the external environment to human behaviour. The differences between the different learning theory characteristics are due to the different kinds of learning that are studied.
Peran Inteligensi dalam Proses Belajar Mengajar
Authors: Habsy Bakhrudin All , Febriani Dwita , Posopati Anggita Nawangwulan , Fitria Verda
Published: December 2023

Intelligence is a way of thinking in solving a problem or directing an action. In general, students who have high intelligence will boast in class because they know which intelligence is suitable for the learning process, so that students will easily success. The purpose of this research is to find out how the role of intelligence in the learning process takes place in schools. The methods used in this research are qualitative methods using library studies as well as literature studies. The result is that intelligence plays an important role in learning, namely as a form of process in increasing the potential of learners in learning. To increase the potential of the student, educators must develop the learning process creatively.
Lingkungan Positif yang Mendukung Pembelajaran
Authors: Habsy Bakhrudin All , Wandari Nadya Indria , Wulandari Dewi Putri
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study is to comprehend the conducive atmosphere that facilitates learning. The study employed a library research methodology and a questionnaire using data sourced from multiple online resources, including books, encyclopedias, dictionaries, journals, documents, magazines, and other materials. A safe, encouraging, and learning-focused learning atmosphere is what makes kids feel good about their education. A supportive learning environment can not only help students grow emotionally but also make a big difference in their academic performance. Students will be able to process, learn, make errors, and learn again in a safe and comfortable setting, which will help them to effectively receive and assimilate information. An environment that is conducive to learning might be physical, emotional, and as well as sociological elements. There are many strategies to create a positive learning environment, including making the material relevant, coming up with an ethical code, rewarding good behavior, offering emotional support, setting up routines and structures, furnishing the classroom with comfortable furniture, and so on. Enhancing the learning environment can help students feel more at ease and driven to learn, which will lead to better learning results.
Bimbingan dan Konseling sebagai Penyedia Layanan Aktualisasi Diri bagi Peserta Didik
Authors: Habsy Bakharudin All , Adrianti Ni Kadek Yuanita Adriana , R Dieni Nur Ilmi Fauziah
Published: December 2023

Guidance and Counseling is an effort carried out by an individual who acts as a guide to help individuals achieve optimal potential through various types of services. Guidance and counseling services are provided to individuals with the aim that they can achieve maximum levels of development and happiness in the process of understanding, accepting and adapting to their environment, in accordance with the Guidance and Counseling (BK) function. Along with the aim of guidance and counseling, namely helping individuals plan study achievements, career development and future life, this service is defined by Nurikhsan (2006:15) and is supported by the view that guidance and counseling is a profession that has a responsibility to help students. achieve academic success, career, and personal-social development (Gybers & Handerson, 2000). Therefore, in its services, guidance and counseling is divided into four types of services, namely 1) Academic guidance (learning), 2) Personal-social guidance, 3) Career guidance, and 4) Family guidance. The aim of this research is to assess the significance of guidance and counseling services for students at school in order to optimize their potential. The method used in this research is a qualitative method and literature study.
Pengembangan Keberbakatan dan Minat Siswa dalam Konteks Pendidikan
Authors: Habsy Bakhrudin All , Lena Annora Mallva , Aryanti Dwi Wulan , Asfinda Hany
Published: December 2023

The analysis that we make this time aims to develop students' giftedness, which the term gifted itself can be described by Plato as Men of gold or "golden men", namely someone who has a superior intellectual character, then translated from the English word gifted, which others are giftedness, talented, talented, creative, insightful, genius and precocious. So what is meant by a gifted person is a person who has a high level of intelligence, judging from the scores obtained from intelligence tests. Two approaches to looking at talent, namely one-dimensional and multidimensional, namely the intelligence dimension and various other measures. And gifted models are (a) genetically oriented, (b) cognitive models, (c) achievement-oriented, and (d) systemic models. The development of student giftedness is someone from the chronological age range in the age range of 12-18 years, and is undergoing psychosocial changes related to identity, independence, friendship, sexuality and achievement, and has a general ability or intelligence above average, high creativity, and commitment to duty.
Kolerasi antara Pemahaman Diri terhadap Kesehatan Mental Siswa dalam Pendidikan
Authors: Habsy Bakhrudin All , Maharani Meutya Faiha Adila , Fasa Redita Amalia , Rusty Fisya Aulia
Published: December 2023

Education plays an important role in the formation of strong human resources that can compete both domestically and at the international level. A mentally healthy person demonstrates the ability to exercise restraint, show intelligence, and behave with consideration for the feelings of others. The importance of mental education is discussed in this article. The purpose of this article is to understand what educational psychology is and how mental health plays a role in education. Collecting literature data, reading and taking notes, and managing literature sources are all methods of literature study research used in this article. Everyone should make an effort to recognize themselves, which is very important so that they can identify their strengths and weaknesses. Rational emotive therapy helps individuals to get out of illogical ideas and learn logical or realistic ideas.
APRİORİ BİLGİNİN OLANAĞI ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Authors: KARATAŞ Çağdaş Burak
Published: December 2023

Apriori bilgi genellikle deneyime başvurmaksızın edinilebilen bilgiler olarak ele alınmaktadır. Bir açıklamaya göre yalnızca önermenin kendisine bakılarak anlaşılan önermelere apriori önerme denilmektedir. Diğer bir apriorilik açıklamasına göre ise önermelerin bilgisinin olmasa da ilgili önermenin edinilme sürecindeki yetilerin önselliği nedeniyle bir apriorilik söz konusudur. Bu çerçevede aprioriliğe atanan nitelikler, analitiklik ve zorunluluk taşıyor olmalarıdır.

Bu makalede, aprioriliğin artık geride bırakılması gereken bir araştırma olduğu savunulacaktır. Bu tez, özdeşlik önermeleri gibi apriorilik taşıdığından şüphe edilmeyen önermelerin semantik ve mantıksal bakımdan kullanımlarının incelenmesiyle desteklenecektir. Bu doğrultuda, özdeşlik önermelerinin gündelik dil kullanımlarında bilgi sunabilmesinin bağlam gerektirmesine, özdeşliğin mantıksal dizgelerde dahi kurallara ve tanıma bağlı anlam kazanabiliyor olmasına, özdeşlik önermesinin içeriğinin varsayılma koşullarının tarihsellik, toplumsallık ve evrimle ilişkili olmasına ve bu ilişkilerin sonucu olarak, özdeşlik önermelerinin doğruluğunun pragmatik bir doğruluk olması nedenlerine işaret edilerek, özdeşlik önermelerinin apriorilik taşımadığı iddia edilecektir. Böylece, özdeşlik önermelerinin apriorilik taşımadığı iddiasına dayanarak genel anlamda da apriorilik arayışından vazgeçilmesi gerektiği öne sürülecektir.
Small Animal Ovariohysterectomy and Avoidance of Associated Complications in Pet Practices Across Pakistan: A Current Perspective
Authors: Rabbani Ameer Hamza , Naseer Omar , Hussain Kashif , Shahid Muhammad , Ullah Qudrat , Ahmad Abdullah Saghir , Sohail Muhammad Luqman , Wadood Fazal
Published: December 2023

Ovariohysterectomy (OVH) is a routine surgical procedure in small animal practices for sterilization and management of several uterine diseases, namely pyometra, cystic endometrial hyperplasia, uterine tumors, rupture, and torsion. Ovariohysterectomy (OVH) offers numerous clinical advantages, but post-operative complications could pose financial challenges for veterinarians due to the inherent risk of malpractice suits and clients owing to the extended recovery period for their pets. The authors reviewed about two dozen peer-reviewed English language articles from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases to identify risks and avoidance strategies following OVH. These may include the ones arising from celiotomy (infection, incisional hernias, wound dehiscence, inadvertent injury to organs and adhesions) or affections, such as intraoperative hemorrhage, stump pyometra, ovarian remnant syndrome, ureteral ligation, urinary incontinence, granulomas, fistulous tracts, post-surgery weight gain, and eunuchoid syndrome. This review emphasizes prevention and management methods for each of these complications. Effective surgical techniques play a vital role in preventing hemorrhage, while meticulous resection, ligation, and omentalization of uterine stump reduce the risk of stump pyometra. Complete removal of ovarian tissue and systematic exploration prevent ovarian remnant syndrome. The use of advanced imaging methods, such as ultrasound, fluoroscopy, or CT scans, can greatly aid in identifying and preserving ureters during surgical procedures, thus minimizing the risk of ureteral complications. Strategies to address urinary incontinence, granulomas, and post-surgery weight gain might encompass the use of hormonal therapy involving estradiol analogs or the application of precise surgical techniques involving ureteral reimplantation. Innovative strategies such as auto-transplantation of ovaries are suggested for managing eunuchoid syndrome, while inadvertent prostatectomy and bowel obstruction may simply be avoided by better tissue handling and dissection. In summary, optimizing surgical protocols, incorporating CT scans, using appropriate drug therapies, and continuous education within the veterinary community are crucial for reducing complications associated with OVH.
دور الرقابة الداخلية في تفعيل حوكمة الشركات
Authors: عثمان محمد عثمان أبوبكر , مهدي محمد عدلان اشراقة
Published: December 2023

The study dealt with the role of internal control in activating corporate governance. The problem of study is that the weak internal control system within the framework of corporate governance creates an inappropriate environment that hinders officials within the company in the performance of their responsibilities. Which in turn represent an impediment to the implementation of the governance system in the Sudanese banks that can be formulated in the following question: What is the contribution of internal control in the activation of corporate governance? The study aimed to highlight the aspects through which the concept and importance of internal control can be identified, to identify the concept and components of governance, and reflect the extent of the contribution of internal control in activating corporate governance. The study has reached a number of results, the most important of which are: The internal control system applied in the bank contributed to ensure effective governance and provides sufficient, fair, and integrated information, moreover provides an Organizational chart consistent with the functions of the bank. The study came out with a number of recommendations, the most important of which are: Issuing a guide to corporate governance standards and binding Sudanese banks, public shareholding companies, and audit offices to work on them.
Photochemical Analysis, Antioxidant Activity and Cytotoxicity of Adansonia digitata L. Seeds Ethanol Extract
Authors: Salah Eldeen IzzEldeen AbdAlaziz Huiam , A M Mageed Mona
Published: December 2023

Adansonia digitate Linn (Malvaceae) is a native plant to the west Sudan, locally named Tabaldy. Adansonia digitate seeds are believed to have nutritional and medicinal benefits in Sudan. The aims of this study are to screening the phytochemicals of Adansonia digitate L seeds ethanol extract and to assess the antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of glycosides, saponins, steroids, flavonoids, and protein, but alkaloids, tannins and resins were not detected. The antioxidant test of baobab seeds ethanol extract was performed by using the DPPH scavenging test which revealed a moderate activity (53.04±0.067) with IC50 value 0.092± 0.006. The cytotoxicity was tested using three cancer cell line: lung cancer cell (A549), breast cancer cell (MCF7), hepatic cancer cell (HEPG2) and tow normal cell line melanocytes cell (HFB4) and fibrinocytes cell (BHK). The cytotoxicity result of the seed aqueous ethanol extract was exhibited a cytotoxic effect against the normal cell tested (HFB4), (BHK) with IC50 11.6, and 24.5 µg/ml respectively and no effect on cancer cell tested except (MCF7) cell with IC50 11.5 µg/ml. This study does not support the use of seeds powder as nutrition due to the cytotoxic effect.
أثر الحوافز علي تحقيق الميزه التنافسية بشركة بهيات المهندس-1
Authors: محمد عبد الجليل اسماعيل
Published: December 2023

The study dealt with the impact of material and moral incentives on the achievement of the competitive advantage of Buhayat Engineer Company. The problem of the study is to answer the main question: What is the impact of material and moral incentives on achieving the competitive advantage of Eng. To answer this question, it was assumed that there is a statistically significant relationship between material and moral incentives in achieving competitive advantage. The researcher used the analytical descriptive method and the case study methodology. The primary data were obtained using the questionnaire and the secondary sources were used from books and referencesThe study reached several results, including:- The hypothesis of the study is accepted (there is a statistically significant relation to the material and moral incentives and the achievement of competitive advantage) in all the statements with a high response level.- Salary structures and wages verify job satisfaction of employees.- The benefits of after service are not feasible to achieve the competitive advantage of the company.The study also reached several recommendations, including:- Establishing a specialized department with competitive advantage in accordance with ISO standards.- Taking care of the material and moral incentives and developing them to achieve the satisfaction of employees and ensure their loyalty.- The company should follow the structure of wages and salaries to match the economic changes.
In Vitro and in vivo Efficacy of Three Medicinal Plants on adult worms of Schistosoma mansoni
Authors: Mohamed Nour Saada , Fadul Tahir Yahia Fadul Tahir , Madanin Ahmed Ikram , A M Mageed Mona
Published: December 2023

Background: Schistosomiasis is a common disease in the tropics and subtropics. Although praziquantel (PZQ) is the drug of choice due to its high cure rates,   the development of PZQ resistance by different Schistosoma species has been observed.
Aim: This study was an attempt to find an alternative to PZQ by evaluating the activity of the raw aqueous extracts of three medicinal plants: Hagenia abyssinica (fruits), Ambrosia maritima L. (leaves) and Catunaregam atunaregam nilotica (fruit), against adult worms of Schistosoma mansoni.
Methods: In vitro, the extracts were used against adult worms in different concentrations (10000, 5000, 1000, 500, 250, 50, and 25 ppm) compared to the same concentrations of PZQ. The time of worm paralysis and worm death was determined. For the in vivo study, infected mice were divided into three groups i untreated ii PZQ-treated at dose (40 mg/kg) iii aqueous raw extracts treated at dose (1 ml of 10 000 ppm).
Results: All adult worms exposed to Catunaregam nilotica (50ppm)  in vitro, died within 20 to 25 minutes after incubation, while Hagenia abyssinica (250ppm) required 1-1.5 hours to kill all adult worms, but Ambrosiamaritima (1000 ppm) killed all adult worms within 3 hours. Mice treated with aqueous extracts of C. nilotica and praziquantel looked very healthy. The percentages of total worm burden reduction in mice treated with the aqueous extracts: C. nilotica = 55%, H. abyssinica =40.2%, A. martima = 24.2%, and praziquantel = 59%.
Conclusion: The metabolites of Catunaregam nilotica (fruit) were the most potent schistosomicidal which revealed the lowest toxic concentration that killed all worms within the shortest time. Hagenia abyssinica (fruit) and Ambrosia maritima L. (leaves)   were also safe and promising metabolites for the treatment of schistosomiasis.
Effects of Type II Diabetes Mellitus on Serum Creatinine Level Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate among Type II Diabetic Sudanese Patients Living in Khartoum State September December 2020
Authors: H Abushama Samah , A Ali Ibrahim , Osman Elfak Eltayebi
Published: December 2023

Background: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most frequent and dangerous complications of Type II Diabetes Mellitus (DMII), affecting about one-third of the Diabetic patients. Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most common and serious complications resulting from DMII.  In addition to the increasing complexity of outpatient care for patients with DM, DKD results in increased hospitalization and mortality rates, especially due to cardiovascular complications.
Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the serum creatinine level and estimated glomerular filtration rate eGFR among type II diabetic Sudanese patients attending to Abdulla Khalil Diabetes Center in Omdurman.
Methods: A cross sectional hospital-based study was carried out during September - December 2020 included 100 type II diabetic adult Sudanese patients attending for followup in Abdalla Khalil Diabetes Center. The participants were not known to be suffering from any other kidney problem. All participants were assessed after taking their consent by a questionnaire for medical history information covering demographic data, duration of the diabetes, type of treatment and their compliance, nutritional history, other chronic health problems, other diabetic complications and smoking history.Body mass index was calculated after measuring the height and weight by the standard techniques. A sample of five ml venous blood was taken on the suitable blood containers to investigate the fasting blood sugar and serum creatinine level using a fully automated mindray B 300 device.
Results: The mean age of the participants was55.8  12.1 year (65% of them were females and 35% were males). The mean of serum creatinine and fasting blood glucose levels   were 1.02 0.85mg/dl and 199.4  77.5 mg/dl respectively. The mean of eGFR was 93.2 31.7 ml/min/1.73m2. According to the eGFR criteria, 13% of the participant have impaired renal function test. In patients with impaired renal function test 53.8% of them have fasting blood glucose of 200 or more mg/dl,69% have hypertension  hyperlipidemia, 69% of them have had the diabetes for 10 years or more, and 77% of them have other complications of the diabetes.
Conclusions: our to be rewritten! This is just repetition of the resulrs. results showed that, 13% of the participants have impaired renal function test (eGFR), 77% of them have other complications of the diabetes, 69% have hypertension  hyperlipidemia, 69% of them have had the diabetes for 10 years or more, and 53.8% of them have fasting blood glucose of 200 or more mg/dl.
أثر استقلالية مراجع الحسابات على الأداء المالي
Authors: محمد احمد عبد الله مختار
Published: December 2023

The problem of the study was that despite the existence of a number of control s, principles, and foundations on which the independence and impartiality of the auditor are based, they are not taken into consideration by the competent authorities without which the degree of independence is affected.The study aimed to discuss the criterion of independence, objectivity and impartiality of the references to establish a frame work and content for the impartiality of the external auditor.The study examined the hypothesis that there is a statistically significant relationship between the auditor's independence and the quality of financial performance The work relied on number of approaches, including the deductive, inductive, descriptive and historical approach. The study came out with number of results, including the appointment of the auditor by relevant authority (e.g. the general assembly), which gives a high degree of credibility and acceptance. The study also suggested a number of recommendations, including the need to use modern technical methods in the work of the review and the need to qualify references for sufficient practical qualification.
Proportion of Gestational Diabetes among pregnant women attending hospitals and Immediate Complication of Neonate in River Nile State 2018.
Authors: Yahia Alwathig , Nabel Mirna , Abd Alla Fania
Published: December 2023

There is international increasing of gestational diabetes, gestational diabetes is metabolic disorder during pregnancy and the main clinical feature is high level of serum glucose; that have adverse effect on the neonate. The aim of study is assessment of the proportion of gestational diabetes, and the main immediate neonatal complication in River Nile State Sudan 2018.
Methodology: Hospital based cross-sectional study design, was conducted in River Nile State between March – August 2018. Four hospitals were selected randomly from 7 locality hospitals. Sample size was 384 women attended delivery room in hospitals. Data was entered and analysis by SPSS program.
Result: Sample consisted of 384 delivery women, the main women age was 21-30 years, and the prevalence of gestational diabetes was 8.07%. The commons immediate neonatal complication was jaundice 68.4% of neonate of gestational diabetes mother (p-value 0.01), hypoglycemia 4.4 % (p-value 0.01), and respiratory distress was 5.5% (p-value 0. 01). Septicemia and congenital malformation were insignificant.
Conclusion: There was high prevalence of gestational diabetes in River Nile State. Gestational diabetes has significant immediate complications in neonate.
أثر التدريب علي فاعلية الرقابة في مجال التكاليف
Authors: علي البشير عبدالله عبدالرحمن , محمد عبد الجليل إسماعيل
Published: December 2023

The study focused on the influence of training on the effectiveness of censorship in cost and study the status of Cement companies In River Nile State, Research problem based on, some companies ignore training to their workers and the role of training on lessen costs and censorship to costs .This causes negative impact to the measurements of deviations .Wrong results to the costs and difficulty to the censor ship. The importance of the study lies on the importunes of training and its role in reducing costs and censorship. the study followed the elicitation approach, historical approach, and descriptive approach. Research results are: cement companies in River Nile State, introduced model censorship system for financial and administrative performance. this system showed the defects and treated the deviations. these companies played Ultimate role and comprehensive work to reduce costs through costs system, training and censorship This leads to big profits. The study re commendations are: cement companies in River Nile State should continue training process to their works who work in cost accountancy department this impaction their work and achieve the measurement to costs production and profit
The Effect of Solvents to Extract Phenol and Phenol Related Compounds Contents and Some Biological Screening of Salvia officinalis
Authors: A M Abdelmageed Mona
Published: December 2023

Saliva officinalis (Lamiaceae) herbal plant collected from Khartoum local market. This study has three aims, to assess the efficacy of three aqueous organic solvents to extract the phenol and phenol derivative metabolites using the maceration method, to assess the antifungal and anticancer of Saliva officinalis aqueous extracts using Yeast – Based bioassay against three mutant yeast strains Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and to assess the antioxidant activity of Saliva officinalis extracts using two methods: DPPH radical scavenging assay, and TLC Autography technique. The results revealed that the 70% methanol has high total phenols (318.35mg GAE/g) and total flavonoids (189.38mg QE/g) while the 70% acetone extract was revealed high total tannin content (218.34 mg TAE/g). The 70% acetone extract revealed activity against the three mutant yeast tested with inhibition zone diameter more than 12 mm at concentration 5mg/ml and 10mg/ml respectively. While the other extracts were exhibited no activity against the three mutant strains tested. All extracts were reflected anti-Candida activity and the maximum IZD was exhibited by the 70%ethanol extract (30mm). All extracts were free-radical inhibitors but 70% methanol extract was more potent (0.068mg/ml) than the other extracts
Effect of Microwave Irradiation on staining methods of Connective Tissue Fibers (collagen Fiber)
Authors: Abdelhamid By Hisham , Mohamed Alwathig Y , Mahmoud Babkir , Badereldin Esra , Kames Mawada , Ahmed Mohammed , Abdullah Rashaf , Mohammed Ryan , Omer Ahmed
Published: December 2023

Background: This study was conducted at Elsheikh Abdallah Elbadri University in barber to assess the effect of the microwave irradiation on staining procedures for connective tissue fiber especially collagen fiber.
Rationale: Most of histochemical staining procedures require long time to be performed. Reduction of staining time with improvement of staining quality will lead to more rapid and accurate diagnosis
Objective: To compare between ordinary and microwave irradiation methods for Masson-Trichrome staining in order to reduction time of staining and increase the staining quality.
Methodology: 50 samples  was collected from appendix and skin, in order to stain collagen fiber by Masson Trichrome with both technique by using microwave irradiation and by ordinary method, to compare the quality of stain and time consumption in these two methods.
 
Results: The study showed that 17(68%) of samples give high quality result, 5(20%) give midd quality and 3(12%) give poor quality stain from total 25 samples done by microwave in three minutes. While 7(28%) of samples give high quality, 17(68%) give middle quality and 1(14%) give poor quality from total 25 sample done by ordinary method in thirty minutes.
 
Conclusion: from this study that applying microwave in staining collagen fiber by Masson Trichrome stain give high quality result and little time compare to ordinary method.
Feeding Premasticated Food to Breastfeeding and Weaned Infants among Sudanese Women, Khartoum North
Authors: M. Elsayed Dya Eldin , Mohieldin Mahgoub PhD Ali , Abd Elhamed Salim PhD Aida , Mohammed Ahmed Hamid Sahar
Published: December 2023

Premasticated of solid food, when an individual partially breaks down food by chewing and feeding it to another person, usually children, from mouth to mouth, using the hand or by other tools e.g. spoon is common various societies in the world. We also did not know whether Sudanese women practice the premasticated feeding. So, we conducted this study to assess breastfeeding, complementary feeding behavior, presence or absence and rates of premasticated food transfer and infant age, and assessed the food species and part used. The study was conducted in Khartoum North locality, Khartoum State, Sudan. We used descriptive cross-sectional design to complete the study. The study targeted nursing mother with a child less than 24 months of age. The sample size was calculated to be 800.  Two thirds of surveyed nursing mothers have had heard of premastication of food. Most heard of it from older generations. Yet, 94 (11.9%) premasticated food for the current young children. They claimed that they start premastication of food after the sixth month of the infant age, and stop the practice before the 24th month. Although many scientists around the world have recognized the possibility of transmitting infection by premasticated food from the mother to the infant, the practice is not without significant benefits. Some authors believe that premastication of food by senior person and deliver it to the infant can help stimulating the immune system in infants. The study was reviewed and approved by the Research Ethics Committee at Alzaiem Alazhari University. Written informed consent was obtained from each individual participant.
Constituents and Antimicrobial Activity of Sudanese Azadirachta indica (Meliaceae) Fixed Oil
Authors: M. AbdelAzim Abdel Karim , T Um Alahasan
Published: December 2023

In this study Azadirachta indica fruit oil was studied by GC-MS. The oil was also assessed for antimicrobial activity. The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 29 constituents .The major constituents of the oil are: i) 9-octadecenoic acid methyl ester (37.20%) , ii) methyl stearate(20.42%) , iii) hexadecanoic acid methyl ester(19.13%) and iv) 9, 12-octadecadienoic acid methyl ester (12.60%).The antimicrobial activity of the oil was evaluated via the agar diffusion bioassay against five standard pathogenic bacteria (Gram positive: Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis; Gram negative: Esherichia coli, Pseudomonasaaeruginosa) and the fungus Candida albicans. At a concentration of 100mg/ml the oil showed good activity against Escherichia coli. However, at the same concentration, it exhibited partial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. The oil failed to give any anticandidal activity.
Photochemical Screening and Antifungal Activity of Faidherbia albida Roots
Authors: E K Abdurrahman Esraa , A M Mageed Mona
Published: December 2023

Faidherbia albida Dell. (Mimosodceae), locally known as alharaz. All plant parts have an important role in traditional medicine except for the root part. The study aims to quantify the alkaloids in the Faidherbia albida root chloroform extract and to assess the antifungal activity of the roots chloroform extract against three pathogenic fungi: Aspergillus fusarium, Aspergillus fulvus, and Candida albicans. The primary phytochemical analysis of chloroform extract showed the presence of alkaloids, diterpenes and flavonoids, Saponins and phytosterols, but glycosides were not detected. The yield percentage of the raw maceration extract is 3.8%. In thin-layer chromatography (TLC), it revealed the detection of one compound under U V light as light blue spots (RF 0.833). The total alkaloid content in the chloroform roots extract was 121.142mg AE/g, while the total phenol content is 53.960mg GAE/g. The extract at concentration 200mg/ml revealed no inhibition effect against all microorganisms tested except Candida albicans (17mm). This study found that Faidherbia albida contains a high concentration of alkaloids compared with the other plant parts and moderate phenol content compared with the leaves part, as well as anticandidal activity against both the standard and isolated strain tested.
Examining Perceptions of Academic And Support Staff on Quality Assurance ‎Accreditation in Higher Education ‎in ‎Developing Nations
Authors: EHTİWESH Ismael , MAOUSA Omaima
Published: December 2023

Education accreditation is the formal evaluation ‎process conducted by specialized ‎institutes ‎or ‎agencies to assess educational programs for ‎compliance with established ‎quality ‎standards. ‎Accreditation publicly recognizes programs that ‎meet these standards. ‎Beyond ‎this recognition, ‎accreditation also engenders increased public ‎confidence, ‎fostering mutual ‎acceptance of ‎academic credentials and encouraging active ‎participation ‎by academic staff. ‎The ‎present study is dedicated to evaluating the quality assurance (QA) ‎accreditation in higher ‎education, with particular emphasis on Third-World and ‎unstable ‎nations. The study ‎draws ‎insights from the experience of the University of Sabratha, ‎Faculty ‎of Engineering, which ‎serves as a ‎compelling case study. To gain a ‎comprehensive ‎understanding of the status ‎quo, ‎the perspectives of faculty staff using a ‎SWOT ‎analysis were solicited. This approach ‎allows us to identify the ‎most significant ‎opportunities and threats ‎inherent in the current ‎scenario.‎‎ The findings underscore the ‎importance of quality assurance ‎accreditation not only ‎for enhancing academic ‎profiles ‎but also for improving all facets of higher ‎education ‎systems. Furthermore, it serves as ‎a ‎mechanism to address inconsistencies in ‎regulations ‎within the Ministry of ‎Higher ‎Education and tackle managerial and financial ‎challenges ‎prevalent in ‎university ‎administrations. In sum, QA accreditation ‎emerges as a preferred ‎avenue ‎for ‎organizational enhancement and overall ‎development within the ‎higher ‎education ‎sector.‎
Alfabetização, letramento e ações sociopedagógicas como proposta de inclusão
Authors: Mariano Avanilda
Published: December 2023

Este artigo tem como um dos principais objetivos demonstrar possibilidades de atuação, sob a ótica do binômio inclusão/exclusão, dentro de uma prática sociopedagógica, no contraturno escolar, com crianças e adolescentes menos favorecidos, com defasagem muito grande no nível de alfabetização, idade-série. Incluídas, enquanto matriculadas na escola, contudo, de forma paradoxal, excluídas no direito de aprender, numa região considerada rural, apesar da proximidade com a capital São Paulo. Em termos de metodologia, o trabalho realizado caminhou de forma a seguir os passos da pesquisa-ação, pelas experiências e vivências empíricas no cotidiano institucional e familiar do público-alvo envolvido. As parcerias com a própria instituição em que foi realizado o trabalho, com a rede socioassistencial da região e famílias das crianças e adolescentes em questão, foram de muita valia para os resultados positivos que obtivemos durante os sete anos de realização do trabalho, em que esses resultados positivos, especialmente, com base em mudanças não apenas socioeducativas, bem como, socioemocionais, refletissem dentro do contexto escolar e na vida de cada um. Este artigo convida os leitores a refletirem sobre nosso dever, a nossa responsabilidade, o nosso compromisso profissional e ético, com aqueles que escolhemos trabalhar. E não menos importante, sobre a nossa formação acadêmica, formação continuada, identidade profissional, dentre outros determinantes, para que possamos estar fortalecidos para trilharmos caminhos, muitas vezes tão tortuosos e extenuantes, e ao final, tão gratificantes.
“Como se fosse da família”: o luto não reconhecido de mulheres resgatadas do regime de trabalho doméstico análogo à escravião
Authors: Contieri Fulvia , Fedri Bruno
Published: December 2023

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar as especificidades relacionadas ao luto não reconhecido provocado pelas mudanças decorrentes das situações de resgate de mulheres vítimas de trabalho escravo doméstico que estiveram por muitos anos convivendo com a mesma família, construindo vínculos, identidade e função mesmo em um ambiente permeado por relações assimétricas de poder. Considera-se observar os aspectos relacionados ao ato do resgate que culminam com a saída brusca do ambiente de convivência onde muitas vezes elas se negam a deixar, assim como a atuação dos profissionais que atuam no trabalho de pós resgate, e o quanto podem ofertar a essas vítimas lugar de cuidado e segurança, que propiciem a vivência do pesar e de todas as emoções e sentimentos decorrentes dessa situação de mudança, viabilizando a sua reorganização e construção de novos significados e possibilidades de existência no porvir.
Uma política pública para mulheres vítimas de feminicídio tentado e familiares de feminicídio consumado - a experiência no Centro de Referência e Apoio à Vítima
Authors: Teixeira Thais , Fedri Bruno
Published: December 2023

Este artigo apresenta o relato e análise de uma experiência desenvolvida no Centro de Referência e Apoio à Vítima – CRAVI, um programa da Secretaria da Justiça e Cidadania. Trata-se da experiência de atendimentos para mulheres vítimas de feminicídio tentado e familiares de feminicídio consumado. Para isto, foi apresentada a metodologia de trabalho construída pelo programa. Esta experiência relatada a seguir teve como objetivo apresentar o trabalho realizado e a importância de políticas públicas voltadas para o fenômeno da violência, que não raro é resultante de violências domésticas contra a mulher. Por outro lado, é importante destacar a desvalorização e desmonte dessas políticas públicas, culminando no encerramento de unidades de serviço, fragilizando a rede de suporte às vítimas e potencializando um contexto de revitimização. Isso destaca a deslegitimação de vidas, histórias de vidas e processos de lutos não reconhecidos que buscam por justiça e direitos humanos.
Empreendedorismo feminino nas periferias como luta pela igualdade social e de gênero
Authors: Nicodemo Jonas
Published: December 2023

O artigo investiga como o empreendedorismo feminino nas periferias do país se reflete na luta das mulheres pela igualdade social e de gênero. Nesse contexto, enfatizam-se as mulheres bastante pobres e as barreiras enfrentadas por elas para se firmarem no mercado de trabalho, sobretudo, em segmentos predominantemente masculinos, como o econômico e o tecnológico. Para enfrentar esses obstáculos, são apresentadas algumas ações transformadoras, oriundas do poder público e da iniciativa privada, às vezes em parceria que, principalmente após o período pandêmico no Brasil, passaram a investir em projetos voltados ao desenvolvimento do empreendedorismo feminino. Como pano de fundo, aborda-se a autoestima dessas mulheres, em geral, profundamente influenciada pelo alto grau de dependência de laços familiares difíceis de serem rompidos exclusivamente em razão de questões financeiras. Discute-se, ainda, possíveis formas de se combater a desigualdade de gênero, ao se propor medidas concretas para retirar essas mulheres da invisibilidade, vez que a exclusão social e econômica fere diretamente o Estado Democrático de Direito. Nos últimos anos, o empreendedorismo feminino no Brasil tem ganhado força, exigindo da mulher – em total discrepância em relação a mesma postura da sociedade diante dos homens – a necessidade de comprovar sua competência no “mundo dos negócios”. É nesse cenário que desponta um dos maiores desafios: ampliar a escala dos projetos já desenvolvidos para estimular o empreendedorismo feminino, fazendo-os perpetuar nas comunidades carentes, para que mais mulheres possam se beneficiar a longo prazo dos conhecimentos compartilhados e replicá-los com outras mulheres, rompendo, assim, ciclos de dependência e fortalecendo o empreendedorismo feminino nas periferias do país.
Peningkatan Budaya Literasi Melalui Workshop Penulisan Puisi dan Cerpen bagi Pelajar di Kota Baubau
Authors: Siadi Ld. Abdul Ghaniyu , Nurhayati  , Slamet Agus
Published: December 2023

Pelatihan ini membahas strategi peningkatan literasi melalui keterampilan menulis, khususnya dalam bentuk puisi dan cerpen, sebagai respons terhadap rendahnya penguasaan literasi di Indonesia. Dengan merinci peringkat rendah Indonesia dalam survei PISA, pelatihan ini menyoroti potensi puisi dan cerpen sebagai alat efektif untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berbahasa siswa. Metode pelatihan menggunakan pendekat workshop yang mencakup koordinasi, sosialisasi, dan sesi pelatihan dengan narasumber berpengalaman. Narasumber, seperti guru dan praktisi literasi, memberikan panduan teori dan praktis kepada 41 siswa SMP dan SMA/SMK di Kota Baubau. Hasil workshop menghasilkan 26 karya, termasuk 12 cerpen dan 14 puisi, yang akan diterbitkan sebagai buku antologi. Kegiatan ini bertujuan meningkatkan semangat belajar siswa, minat dalam menulis, dan mengembangkan ide kreatif dalam literasi. Dengan melibatkan komunitas literasi, seperti Limbo Wolio Institut, penelitian ini menggarisbawahi peran penting komunitas dalam melestarikan budaya menulis kreatif di kalangan generasi muda. Workshop ini diharapkan memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap literasi siswa dan memotivasi mereka untuk lebih aktif dalam mengeksplorasi dunia tulis-menulis.
Utilization of Plastic Waste as Planting Media in Efforts to Handle Inorganic Waste
Authors: Prodyanatasari Arshy , Fernanda Jerhi Wahyu
Published: December 2023

Plastic waste is one of the wastes generated from human activities and is classified as inorganic waste. Inorganic waste is difficult or cannot be decomposed, especially if the plastic is made of non-biodegradable materials. The increase in plastic waste is one of the problems faced by all parties and can threaten environmental sustainability. Efforts that can be made to minimize plastic waste are to recycle plastic waste into valuable products, such as planting media. The purpose of this community service activity is to manage plastic waste into planting media. This aims to minimize environmental pollution due to plastic waste, especially plastics that are classified as non-biodegradable.  The methods used in this activity are lectures and demonstrations. The activity was attended by 37 people consisting of village officials, PKK mothers, and Karang Taurna of Blimbing Village, Kediri Regency. In this PKM activity, the participants seemed enthusiastic about participating in a series of activities from waste management education and also demonstrations in making planting media.  In this activity, it is known that there is an increase in participants' knowledge about good waste management. As a follow-up effort, similar and relevant activities are needed so that public knowledge and awareness of the importance of good and correct waste management will increase, so as to create a healthy and sustainable environment.
The Effect of Early Numerical Literacy on Early Childhood Cognitive Development
Authors: Mustikawati Mustikawati
Published: December 2023

The development of the times with increasingly advanced technology requires today’s people to be able to be literate in numeracy and master it. The low numeracy literacy activity in adults indicates a lack of stimulation given early on. This study aims to determine the effect of numeracy literacy on the cognitive development of children aged 5-6 years in Kindergartens throughout Jambi City. The subjects of this study were 31 teachers in kindergarten. Data collection techniques using a questionnaire. This research uses quantitative methods and data acquisition is analyzed using simple linear regression. Data analysis in this study used SPSS version 29. The research findings showed that there was an effect of numeracy literacy on the cognitive development of children aged 5-6 years with a calculated F value of 29.713 with a significance level of 0.