bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SOLUTION OF CHANGE MANAGEMENT ISSUES ON THE EXAMPLE OF DUBLGIS-BLAGOVESHCHENSK LLC
Authors:   LINA VASILIEVNA RYBAKOVA Amur State University, RYBAKOVA LINA VASILIEVNA , SHULGINA NATALIA GENNADIEVNA ,   NATALIA GENNADIEVNA SHULGINA Amur State University, KOVALENKO YANA DENISOVNA ,   YANA DENISOVNA KOVALENKO Amur State University
Published: August 2020

The article deals with the issues of designing changes in DublGIS-Blagoveshchensk LLC using the draft-model. The methodology of designing changes in accordance with this model is closest to the modern project management methodology and the theory of strategic management.
INTERACTION OF PUBLIC RELATIONS IN THE FIELD OF LAW AND ECONOMY
Authors:   SERGEY BORISOVICH BOKACH Amur State University, BOKACH SERGEY BORISOVICH
Published: August 2020

The comparative-historical research method makes it possible to determine the political and legal causes, consequences and processes of external influences under unfavorable structural conditions of the country's economy, as a result of which the risks of a political crisis of the state appear, regardless of its structure.
Varieties of English and Kachru’s Expanding Circle
Authors: Proshina Zoya G. , Nelson Cecil L.
Published: August 2020

In this overview article, we present the motivations for compiling this issue of RJL and summarize the major premises of the World Englishes (WE) Paradigm. The focus is on the relations between the WE school of thought and the paradigms that branched from it, i.e. English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) and English as an International Language (EIL). The statuses of Englishes in the Kachruvian Expanding Circle that function mainly as lingua francas in international communication is one of the most controversial issues in sociolinguistics. We discuss the misconceptions regarding the Expanding Circle Englishes. Finally, we give a brief survey of the articles contributed to this issue, which develop theoretical and empirical material for the WE paradigm.
PENGEMBANGAN KADER ULAMA DAN KONTRIBUSINYA DALAM MASYARAKAT MELALUI PROGRAM KAJIAN KITAB KUNING DI ERA REVOLUSI INDUSTRI 4.0
Authors: Sufyan Munir Achmad , Risky Februarina , Ummah Vina Rohmatul , Arifa Zakiyah
Published: August 2020

إن دراسة كتاب التراث (في قسم الفقه وأصوله) هي الموضوع الأصولي الذي يتعلم به الطلبة في معهد سلفية شافعية العالي سيتوبندو. وقد أثارت هذه الدراسة كتاب التراث الاسم "المعهد العالي" على نطاق واسع في جميع أنحاء البلاد لأن المعهد العالي استطاع أن يلد ويطور تجديد كادره من خلال برنامجه في دراسة كتاب التراث. في تطور وإعداد العلماء في عصر الثورة الصناعية 4.0 استخدموا تطبيق i-santri لدعم الأنشطة الأكاديمية الطلابية في المعهد العالي. لذا ، فإن محور هذا البحث هو الكشف عن كيفية تطوير المعهد العالي كوادر العلماء من خلال برنامج دراسة كتاب التراث وكيف يساهم كوادر العلماء في المجتمع. يستخدم تحليل البيانات بالتخليل الوصفي كيفي من خلال جمع البيانات بالملاحظة والمقابلات والوثائق. تظهر نتائج البحث أن الموارد البشرية التي تشارك في المعهد العالي لها دور كبير على عملية تطوير كوادر العلماء من خلال دراسة كتاب التراث فهم المدرسون، والمديرون، والطلاب. وتظهر مساهمات كوادر العلماء في المجتمع على شكل خدمتهم في معهد سلفي أخرى في إندونيسيا. تكون خدمة المجتمع على شكل تطوير علمي تفقه في الدين، وتطوير مؤسسات تفقه في الدين، وخدمات الاستشارات القانونية الإسلامية، ونشر نتائج قرارات الشريعة الإسلامية، وغيرها من أشكال التمكين والتطور في مجال الشريعة الإسلامية و تفقه في الدين وفقا لاحتياجات المجتمع. هذا هو المكان الذي يستحدم فيه المعرفة التي أتقنها خلال عملية التعلم في المعهد العالي.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Jigsaw Sebagai Sarana Untuk Problem Solving Bagi Mahasiswa Pada Mata Kuliah Ilmu Pendidikan
Authors: Afrianingsih Anita
Published: August 2020

AbstrakThe objectives of this study are: 1) to know the implementation of the Jigsaw learning model that is used as a means for problem solving for students in educational science courses, 2) To measure the success rate of implementing the Jigsaw learning model that is used as a means for problem solving education science courses, 3) To find out student responses related to the implementation of the Jigsaw learning model that is used as a means for problem solving for students in educational science courses. This research method applies an experimental method with a type of non-equivalent control group design in answering the research problem formulation. The research location was at the Nahdlatul Ulama Islamic University of Jepara, with a population of 30 students. Data analysis techniques used to calculate the results of research using t-test (paired sample t-test and independent sample t-test). Instruments for collecting data using observation and questionnaires.The results of this study include: 1) the continued impact of this is a different level of understanding between active students and students who are passive in completing tasks / problems. active students will of course be better able to master the material, whereas students who are passive will find it difficult to carry out the material by using learning models like this (problem solving). This is indicated by the value of learning outcomes, observation sheet data problem solving process shows that 71% of students in meetings II and II, and 76% of students at meetings IV and V can attend learning well; 2) Based on the statistical data generated, it can be concluded that the initial capability data of the 3 classes of 2PGSD A.1 has identical means (not significantly different) because Sig. (0.232)> 0.05, and F count (1.479) < T table (3,072); and 3) students taught by using the Jigsaw learning model that is used as a means for problem solving for students in Educational Sciences courses can be setup cooperatively to provide higher learning outcomes compared to students taught with classical learning models as a means for problem solving that is set individually. This proves that the Jigsaw learning model through problem solving activities can provide strength that is able to support the improvement of learning outcomes and critical thinking skills and build an active role for student learning.Â
Pengembangan Materi Allah Pencipta Alam Semesta Pada Pembelajaran PAI dengan Eksperimen Sains di SD Muhammadiyah Bayen
Authors: MZ Rafika Dwi Rahmah
Published: August 2020

Permasalahan yang terjadi pada penelitian ini adalah pembelajaran berlangsung tidak sesuai dengan tujuan kurikulum 2013 dan siswa kesulitan dalam mengingat pelajaran yang telah diterangkan oleh guru. Penelitian ini bertujuan sebagai upaya dalam penanggulangan masalah yang terjadi di SD Muhammadiyah Bayen dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kombinasi antara lapangan dan deskriptif literatur. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah diperlukannya integrasi antara pendidikan agama islam dan mata pelajaran lainnya seperti mata pelajaran sains serta penggunaan metode eksperimen dalam pembelajaran berpengaruh meningkatnya aspek afektif, kognitif dan psikomotorik siswa.
Implementasi Metode Qiyasi dalam Pembelajaran Nahwu Kelas XI Ma Ibnu Qoyyim Putra Yogyakarta
Authors: Mardliyyah Aisyam
Published: August 2020

This article aims to describe the implementation of Nahwu learning by using the Qiyasi method in XI grade class of MA Ibnu Qoyyim Putra as well as students' responses regarding the Qiyasi method in nahwu learning. The method used in this research is a qualitative research with field research, the research subjects used are the students of XI grade, amounting to 42. While the data collection technique is observation, interviews and documentation. Then the data analysis technique is descriptive analysis. The data obtained are sourced from nahwu teachers, XI grade students and other parties concerned. The result in this research shows that the Qiyasi method is suitable for the intermediate level because this method is practical and understanable for recognizing â€œNahwuâ€ but this method also has to be supported by the interaction of teachers and active students. Factors that influence learning are the enthusiasm of the teacher and his motivation in conveying. The inhibiting factor is inadequate facilities, especially the absence of an education manual and only relies on material from teachers.
Peningkatan Prestasi Belajar PKN Materi Sistem Pemerintahan Indonesia Melalui Metode Contextual Teaching and Learning Bagis Siswa Kelas VI SD Negeri Combongan
Authors: Listyaningsih Listyaningsih
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untukmeningkatkan kualitas proses pembelajaran dan prestasi belajar PKn materi sistem pemerintahan Indonesia bagi siswa kelas VI SD Negeri Combongan 01 Kecamatan Sukoharjo Semester 1 Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019 melalui metode Contextual Teaching and Learning.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian dilakukan di SD Negeri Combongan 01 Kecamatan Sukoharjo, Kabupaten Sukoharjo pada semester 1 tahun pelajaran 2018/2019selama 6 (enam) bulan. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VISD Negeri Combongan 01 Kecamatan Sukoharjoyang terdiri dari 15 orang siswa.Metode penelitian yang diterapkan adalah Contextual Teaching and Learning dengan prosedur penelitian yaitu: 1) perencanaan; 2) pelaksanaan;3) observasi; dan 4) refleksi.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukaan adanya peningkatan kualitas pembelajaran dan prestasi belajar siswa. Peningkatan kualitas belajar terbukti dengan meningkatnya jumlah siswa yang mendapatkan kriteria baik dalam proses pembelajaran yakni pada kondisi awal sebesar 40,00% meningkat menjadi 100% pada akhir siklus II. Peningakatan prestasi belajar siswa dibuktikan dengan meningkatnya nilai rata-rata prestasi belajar siswa serta ketuntasan belajar siswa secara klasikal. Nilai rata-rata prestasi belajar siswa pada Kondisi Awal sebesar 69,67meningkat menjadi 82,00 pada akhir siklus II, sehingga mengalami peningkatan sebesar 12,33. Ditinjau dari ketuntasan belajar siswa secara kelasikal yakni pada Kondisi Awal sebesar 53,33% meningkat menjadi 100% pada akhir Siklus II, sehingga mengalami peningkatan 46,67%.Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwapenggunaan metode Contextual Teaching and Learning dapat meningkatkan kualitas proses pembelajaran dan prestasi belajar PKn materi sistem pemerintahan Indonesia bagi siswa kelas VI SD Negeri Combongan 01 Kecamatan Sukoharjo Semester 1 Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019.Â Â Kata Kunci:Contextual Teaching and Learning, PKn, Prestasi belajar
Optimization of low-cost cow dung based activated carbon for the removal of carbofuran from aqueous solution
Authors: Hayder Shama , Hussain Salman , Ahmad Wasim , Jahanzaib Mirza , Ullah Abaid
Published: August 2020

Water pollution has become a serious issue of this century due to increased industrialization. Several methods have been adopted to tackle this issue, including adsorption by activated carbon (AC). Conventional sources of AC preparation are costly and non-renewable as well. Several fruit and agricultural wastes have characteristics to become sustainable feedstock for AC preparation. This study aims to prepare cost effective AC from sustainable raw material, cow dung. The preparation has been analyzed and optimized by utilizing central composite design (CCD). The effect of activation temperature, time, and impregnation ratio (IR) on responses of percent yield ( R1) and percent pesticide removal (R2) has been analyzed. Quadratic models have been suggested with R2, adjusted R2, and predicted R2 values of 0.98, 0.96, 0.89 for R1, and 0.97, 0.94, 0.87 for R2, respectively. Activation temperature and KOH/Feedstock ratio significantly influence the yield and pesticide removal. Optimized conditions of activation temperature, KOH/Feedstock ratio, and activation time are 708.07 ?C, 1.22 and 0.66 h, respectively. These conditions produced 14.78% yield and 89.18% pesticide removal. SEM and BET analysis of optimized AC also confirmed porosity development and large surface area availability due to activation process. Findings of this study suggest that cow dung can be used to prepare low-cost AC for pesticide removal from aqueous solution.
Analisis Keamanan Sistem Informasi Berbasis Website Dengan Metode Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) Versi 4: Systematic Review
Authors: Elanda Anggi , Buana Robby Lintang
Published: August 2020

Abstract -- OWASP (Open Web Application Security Project) version 4 issued by a non-profit organization called owasp.org which is dedicated to the security of web-based applications. This systematic review is intended to review whether the Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) method is widely used to detect security in a website-based Information System. In this systematic review, we review 3 literature from several publisher sources and make a comparison regarding OWASP version 4 results and the security level of a web server from the publisher's source.Keywords— OWASP, Website Vulnerability, Website Security Detection
Pemanfaatan Teknologi Virtual Reality (VR) Pada Aplikasi 3D Bangunan Perusahaan
Authors: Rachman Andi Nur , Khairul Anshary Muhammad Adi , Hakim Ichsan Nurul
Published: August 2020

Aplikasi 3D objek dan teknologi virtual reality merupakan salah satu pemanfaatan teknologi  multimedia interaktif. Dalam pembuatan aplikasi yang menggunakan objek 3D dan teknologi virtual reality, banyak fitur-fitur yang bisa dimanfaatkan salah satunya dengan memanfaat fitur gyroscope yang terdapat pada smartphone sebagai kegunaan sistem kendali dan interaksi pada aplikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan memanfaatkan visualisasi objek 3D  pada teknologi virtual reality menggunakan pemanfaatan fitur gyroscope sebagai alat untuk berinteraksi pada aplikasi, 3D objek yang digunakan yaitu bangunan dari perusahaan PT. ADD.Co untuk membantu mengenalkan suatu lingkungan bangunan perusahaan kepada calon investor atau pada calon pegawai baru secara visual. Metode yang digunakan pada penilitan ini adalah metode pengembangan multimedia versi Luther-Sutopo yang melalui beberapa tahap, seperti concept, design, material collecting, assembly, dan distribution. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian aplikasi, dalam tahapan pengujian alpha sudah baik  sesuai fungsionalitas, dan pada tahap pengujian beta didapat nilai 81,4% dalam interval “sangat baik” sebagai aplikasi yang layak untuk digunakan pengguna dalam mengenalkan suatu lingkungan bangunan perusahaan secara visual.
Lipoprotein(a): a genetic marker for cardiovascular disease and target for emerging therapies
Authors: Cesaro Arturo , Schiavo Alessandra , Moscarella Elisabetta , Coletta Silvio , Conte Matteo , Gragnano Felice , Fimiani Fabio , Monda Emanuele , Caiazza Martina , Limongelli Giuseppe , D’Erasmo Laura , Riccio Carmine , Arca Marcello , Calabrò Paolo
Published: August 2020

Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is an established cardiovascular risk factor, and growing evidence indicates its causal association with atherosclerotic disease because of the proatherogenic low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-like properties and the prothrombotic plasminogen-like activity of apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)]. As genetics significantly influences its plasma concentration, Lp(a) is considered an inherited risk factor of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), especially in young individuals. Moreover, it has been suggested that elevated Lp(a) may significantly contribute to residual cardiovascular risk in patients with coronary artery disease and optimal LDL-C levels. Nonetheless, the fascinating hypothesis that lowering Lp(a) could reduce the risk of cardiovascular events – in primary or secondary prevention – still needs to be demonstrated by randomized clinical trials. To date, no specific Lp(a)-lowering agent has been approved for reducing the lipoprotein levels, and current lipid-lowering drugs have limited effects. In the future, emerging therapies targeting Lp(a) may offer the possibility to further investigate the relation between Lp(a) levels and cardiovascular outcomes in randomized controlled trials, ultimately leading to a new era in cardiovascular prevention. In this review, we aim to provide an updated overview of current evidence on Lp(a) as well as currently investigated therapeutic strategies that specifically address the reduction of the lipoprotein.
Optimization and Characterization of Bio-oil Produced from Rice Husk Using Surface Response Methodology
Authors: Rapheal Ige Ayodeji , Moki Elinge Cosmos , Muhammad Aliyu , Mohammed Gwani , Gusauc Lawal Hassan
Published: August 2020

The study depicts the production, optimization and characterization of bio-oil from pyrolyzed rice husk using a fabricated fixed bed reactor. The pyrolysis process was conducted with bio-oil response, bio-char response and non-condensable gases response as products. The effect of pyrolysis variables were observed by the production of the bio-oil as the response. Sixty runs of pyrolysis experiments were suggested by Box Benkhen design indicated optimum pyrolysis conditions at particle size of 2.03mm mesh, reaction time of 81.80 mins and temperature of 650oC for rice husk. The maximum bio-oil yield was obtained with 38.39% at optimum condition of the variables. The bio-oil sample obtained had better performance compared with ASTM standard. Such a determination would contribute so immensely to a significant comprehension of the chemical efficiency of the pyrolysis reaction.
Predictive Neural Network in Multipurpose Self-Tuning Controller
Authors: Bondar Oleksiy
Published: August 2020

A very important problem in designing of controlling systems is to choose the right type of architecture of controller. And it is always a compromise between accuracy, difficulty in setting up, technical complexity and cost, expandability, flexibility and so on. In this paper, multipurpose adaptive controller with implementation of artificial neural network is offered as an answer to a wide range of tasks related to regulation. The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated by the example of an adaptive thermostat. It also compares its capabilities with those of classic PID controller. The core of this approach is the use of an artificial neural network capable of predicting the behaviour of controlled object within its known range of parameters. Since such a network, being trained, is a model of a regulated system with arbitrary precision, it can be analysed to make optimal management decisions at the moment or in a number of steps. Network learning algorithm is backpropagation and its modified version is used to analyse an already trained network in order to find the optimal solution for the regulator. Software implementation, such as graphical user interface, routines related to neural network and many other, is done using Java programming language and Processing open-source integrated development environment.
Measuring Stress – Methods and Tools
Authors: Mardare Ileana , Bratu Eugenia Claudia
Published: August 2020

To validate PSS-14 Romanian version and identify reliable and simple tools which can be used for measuring stress level in current practice. Materials and methods: PSS-14 Romanian version, a five-level qualitative scale and a decimal scale were applied to 928 Romanian subjects, selected through the “snowball method”, for measuring perceived stress level. Intraclass correlations and Alpha Cronbach coefficient were used for assessing internal consistency of PSS-14 and Spearman coefficient for testing correlations.

Results: Cronbach’s Alpha values for PSS-14 items were ≥0.700 (0.746 and 0.878 for standardized coefficient), showing internal consistency. Spearman correlation (0.375, p<0.05) revealed positive, medium and significant correlations between simple scales scores and PSS-14 scores.

Conclusions: PSS-14 RO is an adequate tool for measuring the perceived stress level in Romanian patients. When appropriate, a simple Likert qualitative scale or a decimal self-assessment scale can quickly provide to health professionals results with indicative value.
Receiving Continuous Antibiotic Prophylaxis
Authors: Horga Adeline Larisa , Neamțu Mihai-Leonida , Neamțu Bogdan
Published: August 2020

Continuous antibiotic prophylaxis represents an initial management strategy for decreasing the risk of urinary tract infections in children with vesicoureteral reflux. A significant number of cases resolve spontaneously in time, reason for which continuous antibiotic prophylaxis is not required in every patient with this disorder. It is mandatory to select the patients who need continuous antibiotic prophylaxis according to their risk group. We do not have a lot of scientific evidences about what is better or not for these patients, but the main objective for the case management is to maintain the renal function, by minimizing the risk of pyelonephritis, renal scars and its consequences such as hypertension or renal failure. The selection of these patients who do not require continuous antibiotic prophylaxis is difficult, and the prophylaxis remains the safest method in most of the cases. To take the best decisions for our patients, it is important to consider the last published guidelines and studies.
The Review of Compared Progestins Type and Dose Utility against the Pituitary Suppression during Ovarian Stimulation for Assisted Reproductive Technology
Authors: Polexa Alexandru , Cekic Sebile Guler , Yildiz Sule , Turkgeldi Engin , Ata Baris
Published: August 2020

We performed a literature review of studies comparing the effectiveness of progestins in preventing premature ovulation during ovarian stimulation for assisted reproductive technology (ART). Five randomized trials and cohort studies involving a total of 2404 women, which compared; i) two different progestins or ii) two different doses of the same progestin were included. The primary outcome was live birth rate (LBR) per woman. Secondary outcomes were live birth or ongoing pregnancy (LB/OP) per woman and per embryo transfer (ET), ongoing pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, positive pregnancy test, numbers of oocytes and metaphase-two oocytes, duration of stimulation and gonadotropin consumption. The primary outcome was not reported in most studies however there were no differences between progestins for secondary outcomes. All progestins seem to effectively prevent premature ovulation in ART cycles. Low-quality evidence suggests that progestins can effectively prevent premature ovulation in ART cycles.
Difficult Diagnosis in a Case of Transverse Colon Neoplasm Invading the Greater Gastric Curvature
Authors: Tănăsescu Ciprian , Faur Mihai , Gherman Claudia
Published: August 2020

Colon cancer is considered to be the third most common neoplasm in men, while in women it is considered the second most common cancer, according to the World Health Organization, the Globocan database. Colon adenocarcinoma represents over 90% of malignant tumours of the colon. It is a malignant epithelial tumour originating in the epithelium of the colonic mucosa, which gradually invades all the layers of the colonic wall (the muscle of the mucosa, submucosa, own muscle, being able to surpass the serosa). We presented the case of an 80-year-old female patient with multiple comorbidities, admitted to a medical department, then transferred to the surgery department, whose definitive diagnosis was hardly made intraoperatively, despite multiple preoperative investigations performed in the two wards. The postoperative evolution was favourable. The case and the elements from the specialty literature are discussed, but also the particularities of the treatment of colonic cancer in the elderly and the possible complications arising postoperatively.
Effect of Diet Supplementation with Moringa Oleifera Leaf Meal on Growth and Laying Performances of Female Quail (Coturnix sp.) in Soudano-Guinean Zone of Cameroon
Authors: Kouatcho François D. , Simiz Eliza , Radu-Rusu Răzvan M. , Pidotcho Golomta , Djanabou Moussa , Ngoula Ferdinand
Published: August 2020

In order to evaluate the effect of diet supplementation with Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) on growth and laying performances of quail in soudano-guinean zone of Cameroon, a study has been conducted in Ngaoundéré from May to September 2018. For this purpose, a total of 168 seven weeks old quails were divided into 12 comparable batches of 10 females and 4 males. Each of the four experimental diets (T0, T1, T2 and T3), formulated on the basis of the level (0, 1, 2, and 3% respectively) of diet supplementation with MOLM was randomly assigned to 03 batches in a completely randomized. Data were collected during the 16 weeks of the study on feed intake (FI), body weight (BW), body weight gain and feed conversion ratio. Weekly, after total laid eggs evaluation, 40 eggs per treatment was randomly chosen, weighed and measured. Main findings revealed that FI was not significantly affected by the diet supplementation with MOLM. Significantly higher BW and BW gain was recorded in T1 treatment compared to others treatments while they remains similar between them. The relatively heavier eggs were noted in T2 treatment while the highest (88.57 ± 2.85%) weekly laying rate was recorded with 1% supplementation. It has then been concluded that MOLM could be used as diet supplement during laying phase up to 3% for egg production and 1% of substitution seem to be the most appropriate to increase eggs laying rate while 2% is suitable to obtain heavy eggs in the soudano-guinean agro ecological zone of Cameroon.
Methane Production Potential of Azolla Under Different Ratios of C/N, Chemical and Thermal Pre-Treatment
Authors: Fardmanesh Majid , Pourdarbani Razieh , Najafi Bahman
Published: August 2020

Azolla algae currently represent a major threat to the environment and rice cultivation fields. Various studies have shown that one of the practical solutions is to turn this threat into an opportunity for biomass energy production. This research investigates the production potential of methane in Azolla. Test was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) with Mini Tap software. Three different C/N ratios, 30, 34 and 38, two levels of thermal pre-treatment (raw and steamed Azolla) and two levels of chemical pre-treatment (NaOH 0% and 9%) were used and effects of each case on the methane production rate was studied. The highest amount of methane (247.7 ml·g−1
vs) was produced at C/N ratio of 30 with application of NaOH (9%) and no thermal pre-treatment (raw Azolla). ANOVA analysis showed that interactions of the effective variables were significant, but the trend was not incremental or decreasing; therefore, ANFIS and stepwise regression modelling were used. The results showed that the ANFIS model provides more accurate mapping between the empirical and predicted values than the regression model. Furthermore, among examined models (triangular; trapezoidal; Gaussian; bell-shaped models), the best model for methane production prediction was Gaussian linear membership function (R
2 = 0.997 and ε (%) = 0.32). According to the regression model, the thermal-chemical factor is the most efficient in prediction of the model (b = 35.6).
The Effect of Fertilization on Time Domain Reflectometry Probe Measurement Accuracy in the Field Experiment in Slovakia
Authors: Toková Lucia , Igaz Dušan , Aydin Elena , Čimo Ján , Horák Ján
Published: August 2020

The paper presents evaluation of the calibration method using side-by-side direct gravimetric and indirect time domain reflectometry (TDR) for soil moisture measurements to improve TDR measurement accuracy. Measurements were carried out at the experimental site Dolná Malanta (Slovakia) in 2017. Two non-fertilized treatments – without biochar (B0 + N0) and with biochar at 20 t·ha−1 (B20 + N0) – and two fertilized treatments – with biochar at 20 t·ha−1 and N fertilizer at dosages of 160 kg·ha−1 (B20 + N160) and 240 kg·ha−1 (B20 + N240) – were used in this study. The study also investigates the relationship between both used methods of soil water content determination. A strong correlation between both methods was observed. In case of (B0 + N0); (B20 + N0); (B20 + N160); and (B20 + N240), it was 0.93; 0.97; 0.97; and 0.98, respectively. However, it is assumed that the TDR probe may show errors in the results without prior calibration. It was observed that the accuracy of TDR device was lower for fertilized treatments in contrast to the gravimetric method and non-fertilized treatments. It is assumed that the higher measurement inaccuracy might be increased by salt concentration in the soil as a result of applied N fertilizer.
Intake of antioxidant vitamins in women with different physical activity levels
Authors: Pietrzak Anna , Kęska Anna , Saghebjoo Marziyeh , Nezamdoost Zeynab
Published: August 2020

Study aim: The purpose of this study was to compare intake of antioxidant vitamins (A, C, E) in young women with various levels of physical activity.

Material and methods: The study included 3 groups of females: 40 women with no extra physical activity (Sedentary), 40 women involved in regular, moderate sports activities (Recreationally Active) and 40 female athletes competing at an international level (Athletes). Participants’ diet was assessed on the basis of 3-day diet records which were analysed using the computer program ‘Dieta 5.0’. Body composition was evaluated by the bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) method.

Results: Athletes were characterized by the lowest body fat and highest lean body mass in comparison with the other groups. They also showed the highest intake of energy, proteins and carbohydrates compared to Active and Sedentary women. The consumption of vitamin A amounted to 180.0% of RDA in Athletes, 98.8% in Recreationally Active and 97.8% in Sedentary women. Vitamin C intake in Athletes equalled 275.0% of RDA, whereas the deficiency of this vitamin was observed in Recreationally Active and Sedentary women (62.3% and 46.1% of RDA, respectively). The study groups showed consumption of vitamin E at the level of 146.7% of AI in Athletes, 115.0% in Recreationally Active and 111.3% in Sedentary women.

Conclusion: Athletes consumed excessive amounts of antioxidant vitamins. Recreationally Active and Sedentary women met the demand for vitamin A and E, but the intake of vitamin C was not sufficient, which could lead to health problems. The current findings also indicate that energy intake was at a low level regardless of the study group.
An investigation of the COMT gene Val158Met polymorphism in patients admitted to the emergency department because of synthetic cannabinoid use
Authors: Nennicioglu Y , Kaya H , Eraybar S , Atmaca S , Gorukmez O , Armagan E
Published: August 2020

Catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) enzyme has a role in the inactivation of catecholamine neurotransmitters. Functional polymorphism in the COMT gene has been reported to play an important role in schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder, aggressive and antisocial behavior, suicide attempts and the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of the Vall58Met polymorphism of the COMT gene on substance use, and treatment history in patients with synthetic cannabinoid (SC) intoxication. The COMT enzyme Val158Met polymorphisms from DNA of 49 patients who were evaluated in the Emergency Department after SC use and 50 healthy control groups aged 18-45 years, were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses as reported in the literature. Information regarding recurrent intake or hospitalization due to substance use was obtained from hospital records. Wild-type (WT) genotypes in 14 (28.6%) patients, heterozygous genotypes in 25 (51.0%) and homozygous genotypes in 10 (20.4%) patients were detected. Wild-type genotypes The homozygous genotype was found to be significantly higher in patients hospitalized due to drug addiction and substance use (p 0.008). The Vall58 Met polymorphism of the COMT gene was not found to be significant in the first use after substance intake, while a significant relationship was found in terms of this polymorphism in patients with substance addiction diagnosis and treatment history.
The effects of O6-methyl guanine DNA-methyl transferase promotor methylation and CpG1, CpG2, CpG3 and CpG4 methylation on treatment response and their prognostic significance in patients with glioblastoma
Authors: Yildiz OG , Aslan D , Akalin H , Erdem Y , Canoz O , Aytekin A , Ozoner S , Dundar M
Published: August 2020

This retrospective study examined the prognostic significance and treatment effect of promoter methylation of O6- methyl guanine methyl transferase (MGMT) and meth-ylation of CpG 1, CpG2, CpG3 and CpG4 in glioblastoma (GB) patients received postoperative radiotherapy (PORT), with or without adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ). One hundred patients with GB who received PORT with concomitant TMZ plus adjuvant TMZ or PORT alone, were included. The MGMT promoter methylation of CpG1, CpG2, CpG3 and CpG4 islands were examined. Overall, MGMT-methylation emerged as a significant prognostic factor for better overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) [odds ratio (OR): 0.609, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.395-0.939, p = 0.02; OR: 0.662,95% CI: 0.430-1019, p = 0.5, respectively]. The methylation of each CpG1, CpG2, CpG3 and CpG4 islands was found to have no significant effects on OS and the methylation of each CpGl, CpG2 and CpG4 islands had no significant effect on PFS (p <0.05 for all). On the other hand, the methylation of CpG3 had a positive prognostic effect on PFS (OR: 2.1, 95% CI: 0.99-4.67, p = 0.04). In the group that only received radiotherapy (RT), CpG1 and CpC3 methylations were found to have a positive prognostic significance in terms of PFS (OR: 266, 95% CI: 1.05-6.75, p -0.03 for CpG1; OR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.01-5.92, p = 0.04 for CpG3). The MGMT promoter methylation represents an important biomarker for predicting response to therapy. Individual islands, particularly CpG3, deserves further investigation as a prognostic marker. Further studies need to be done with larger sample sizes to clarify the results.
Monetary Policy and Domestic Investment in Nigeria: The Role of the Inflation Rate
Authors: Ezeibekwe Obinna Franklin
Published: August 2020

Economic theory suggests that monetary policy can be used to stabilize an economy. However, the ability of monetary policy targets—interest rates and money supply—to stabilize an economy depends on their ability to achieve price stability. Using data from 1981 to 2018 and applying the vector error correction model, this paper seeks to determine how the changes in the inflation rate affect the ability of monetary policy tools to stabilize the Nigerian economy and stimulate investment. Empirical results suggest that the impact of the interest rates on investment depends on the level of the inflation rate. The size of the effect of interest rates on investment gets weaker as the inflation rate increases suggesting that monetary policy tools, such as the monetary policy rate (MPR), that directly change the interest rates are robust stabilization tools during periods of declining inflation rates but not relevant during periods of rising inflation rates. This is attributable to low bank lending rates. Additionally, the impact of the money supply target on investment does not depend on the level of the inflation rate. This suggests that monetary policy tools, such as open market operations, that directly change the money supply can be relevant stabilization tools during economic booms and recessions. As a result, the Central Bank of Nigeria should work to deepen the scale, capacity, and efficiency of its open market operations by ensuring that most of the people can participate with minimal transaction cost and by making different financial instruments available.
The cytochrome 11B2 aldosterone synthase gene rs1799998 single nucleotide polymorphism determines elevated aldosterone, higher blood pressure, and reduced glomerular filtration, especially in diabetic female patients
Authors: Sydorchuk Larysa , Dzhuryak Valentina , Sydorchuk Andrii , Levytska Svitlana , Petrynych Volodymyr , Knut Ruslan , Kshanovska Anna , Iftoda Oksana , Tkachuk Olexii , Kyfiak Petro , Popovich Andrii , Khomko Oleh , Sydorchuk Ruslan
Published: August 2020

Objective. The cytochrome 11B2 aldosterone synthase gene (CYP11B2) that links to aldosterone synthase enzyme synthesis changes and blood pressure regulation is of particular interest among the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system encoding genes.

Methods. One-hundred hypertensive patients with target-organ damaging (2nd stage), moderate, high or very high cardiovascular risk were involved in the case-control study. Mean age was 59.87±8.02 years. Diabetes Mellitus type 2 (DM2) was in 28 persons. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) was diagnosed in 29 persons according to the National Kidney Foundation recommendations (2012) after glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decline <60 ml/min/1.73m2 for ≥3 months (measured by CKD-EPI equations). Aldosterone, cystatin-C, and creatinine levels were measured in serum. Control group included 48 practically healthy persons of relevant age. Gene’s nucleotide polymorphism CYP11B2 (-344C/T) was examined by polymerase chain reaction.

Results. CKD evolution in hypertensive patients followed by higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP) values increased creatinine, cystatin-C, and aldosterone serum concentrations by 28.76%, 28.41% and 29.43% (р<0.05), respectively. Polymorphic site of CYP11B2 (rs1799998) gene is associated with SBP and DBP increase (p<0.05), reduced GFR preferably calculated by CKDEPI-cystatin C (F=10.79–14.45; p<0.001) and elevated aldosterone content (F=55.84; p<0.001), creatinine and cystatin-С as well (F=4.16–5.08; p<0.05) mainly in the ТТ-genotype female carriers (p<0.001). Hypertensive women with DM2 demonstrated stronger relations of CYP11B2 gene polymorphic site with the increased aldosterone content (F=47.52; p<0.001), than women without DM2 (p<0.001) and male patients (p=0.014).

Conclusions. Genetic variations involving CYP11B2 might influence the kidney function, hypertension course, and severity via aldosterone secretion upregulation.
Impact of the Regularization of Regression Models on the Results of the Mass Valuation of Real Estate
Authors: Gnat Sebastian
Published: August 2020

Research background: Mass appraisal is a process in which multiple properties are appraised simultaneously, with a uniform approach. One of the tools that can be used in this area are multiple regression models. In the valuation of real estate features are often described on an ordinal or nominal scale. Replacing them with dummy variables with an insufficient number of observations leads to multicollinearity. On the other hand, there is a risk of overfitting the model. One of the ways to eliminate or weaken these phenomena is to introduce regularization based on a model’s penalization for the high values of its weights.

Purpose: The aim of the study is to verify the hypothesis whether regularized regression reduces the errors of property valuation and which of the analyzed methods is the most effective in this context.

Research methodology: The article will present a study in which two ways of regularization will be applied – ridge and lasso regression, in the context of their impact on the errors of property valuation. The analyzed data set includes over 300 land properties valued by property appraisers. The key aspects of the study are the selection of optimal values of the regularization parameter and its influence on model’s errors with a different number of observations in the training sets.

Results: The study showed that regularization improves valuation results and, more specifically, allows for lower average absolute percentage errors. The improvement of model effectiveness was more pronounced in the case of ridge regression. An important result is also that regularization has provided a higher accuracy of valuation compared to multiple regression models for smaller training sets.

Novelty: The article confirms the effectiveness of regularization as a way to eliminate the problem of multicollinearity or overfitting of the model. The results showed that ridge regression can be an effective way of modelling the value of real estate. Especially in the case of a small amount of market data, which is an important conclusion in the context of the real estate market.
Measures Implemented by Local Authorities, Particularly in the Sphere of Spatial Policy, and Its Impact on Setting Up and Developing Companies – Opinions Comparison
Authors: Rogalska Izabela , Marks-Bielska Renata
Published: August 2020

Research background: The development of business on a local level depends on a variety of factors, which as is often the case are shaped by the local authorities. An example of activities carried out by local governments in order to help develop businesses is the management of the spatial resources in a given municipality in such a way as to facilitate starting and developing companies.

Purpose: The principal objective of this study has been to identify how local authorities and businessmen perceive the role of conditions associated with the municipality’s spatial policy in terms of starting and conducting a business.

Research methodology: The research results rely on primary data acquired by conducting a survey based on a questionnaire designed by the authors.

Results: The results permitted to demonstrate differences and similarities among the opinions of our respondents concerning factors linked to the spatial policy of a municipality that have an impact on decisions to set up and develop companies. Among the location factors, the most important ones, according to both local governments and businessmen, were the state of the local infrastructure, such as IT, transportation, communication, waterworks and sewers, power supply.

Novelty: The confrontation of the replies provided by local authorities and by entrepreneurs concerns spatial policy, and the territorial scope of the research covering the whole of Poland, the different types of enterprises from various branches are the innovative element of the study.
Instruments to Support Lifelong Learning – the Context of an Employee’s Career Development
Authors: Sobocka-Szczapa Halina H.
Published: August 2020

Research background: The need for lifelong learning should be considered for all categories of labor resources. This study takes into account the context of this process in relation to employees for whom the most important thing is to maintain employment, promotion in the workplace or professional promotion. Lifelong learning, enabling continuous updating of qualifications, ensures a better competitive position on the labor market.

Research methodology: The basis of the analyzes carried out in this research are studies conducted in Polish organizations by experts from the Institute of Labor and Social Affairs, including the author. The research was quantitative (interview questionnaire) and qualitative (group interviews).

Results: The research work hypothesis was: Most organizations in Poland do not apply statute defined methods of supporting employee careers. This hypothesis has been verified positively. Polish enterprises have a very limited scope, and in most cases do not use tools supporting employee education at all.

Novelty: An innovative approach in the development is to indicate the relationship between the possibility of supporting the process of employee education and the course of their professional career.
A Comparison of Variables Selection Methods and their Sequential Application: A Case Study of the Bankruptcy of Polish Companies
Authors: Zanka Mikhail
Published: August 2020

Research background: Even though in recent decades, a lot of new techniques were developed, there is still a lack of studies aimed at comparing the performance of variable selection methods. Bankruptcy prediction is an excellent example of the conservative research field with the tendency to use classical approaches. Although the results of studies in this field are directly applied in banks and other financial institutions, variables selected for these models can be biased by the author’s preference for one technique.

Purpose: This work aims to compare different variable selection approaches and introduce a new methodology of sequential variable selection that can be applied when the low-dimensional model is preferred.

Research methodology: This study has been conducted on Polish companies’ insolvency data from the period of 2007–2013. The risk has been modeled with logistic regression; hence variables have been selected with approaches suitable for linear models.

Results: The one-step methods did not lead to sufficient dimensionality reduction, while the sequential approach provided compact models keeping the high-performance level. Also, this method allowed us to identify the main financial determinants of insolvency for studied companies, which are the volume of total assets and the ratio of profit to total assets.

Novelty: This paper compares different variable selection methods and demonstrates the effectiveness of their sequential application for dimensionality reduction.
Plant communities of moist rock crevices with endemic Primula carniolica in the (sub)montane belt of western Slovenia
Authors: Dakskobler Igor , Martinčič Andrej
Published: August 2020

Based on our analysis of a large number of relevés of communities of moist rock crevices in western Slovenia (southern Julian Alps, northern part of the Trnovski Gozd Plateau) we described several new syntaxa with the endemic Primula carniolica. The most unique in terms of ecology is a hygrophytic chasmophytic community classified into the association Astrantio carniolicae-Primuletum carniolicae, which is, together with similar hygrophytic associations Astrantio carniolicae-Pinguiculetum alpinae and Campanulo cespitosae-Saxifragetum aizoidis, associations Phyteumato columnae-Primuletum carniolicae, Primulo carniolicae-Potentilletum clusianae and the subassociation Primuletum carniolicae violetosum biflorae, temporarily classified into the alliance Cystopteridion and order Potentilletalia caulescentis. Only the new association Paederoto luteae-Potentilletum caulescentis is classified into the alliance Physoplexido comosae-Saxifragion petraeae. The elevational range of chasmophytic communities with Primula carniolica is 200 to 1460 m a.s.l. Species that most commonly accompany Primula carniolica in rock crevices include Paederota lutea, Phyteuma scheuchzeri subsp. columnae, Sesleria caerulea, Aster bellidiastrum and moss Orthothecium rufescens.
Analysis of Structural Concrete Bar Members Based on Secant Stiffness Methods
Authors: Al-Rumaithi Ayad , Fadhil Aqeel T. , Salman Ban Fadhil
Published: August 2020

In this paper, the behavior of structural concrete linear bar members was studied using numerical model implemented in a computer program written in MATLAB. The numerical model is based on the modified version of the procedure developed by Oukaili. The model is based on real stress-strain diagrams of concrete and steel and their secant modulus of elasticity at different loading stages. The behavior presented by normal force-axial strain and bending moment-curvature relationships is studied by calculating the secant sectional stiffness of the member. Based on secant methods, this methodology can be easily implemented using an iterative procedure to solve non-linear equations. A comparison between numerical and experimental data, illustrated through the strain profiles, stress distribution, normal force-axial strain, and moment-curvature relationships, shows that the numerical model has good numerical accuracy and is capable of predicting the behavior of structural concrete members with different partially prestressing ratios at serviceability and ultimate loading stages.