bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Learning-related congruent and incongruent changes of excitation and inhibition in distinct cortical areas
Authors: Esmaeili Vahid , Oryshchuk Anastasiia , Asri Reza , Tamura Keita , Foustoukos Georgios , Liu Yanqi , Guiet Romain , Crochet Sylvain , Petersen Carl C. H.
Published: May 2022

Excitatory and inhibitory neurons in diverse cortical regions are likely to contribute differentially to the transformation of sensory information into goal-directed motor plans. Here, we investigate the relative changes across mouse sensorimotor cortex in the activity of putative excitatory and inhibitory neurons—categorized as regular spiking (RS) or fast spiking (FS) according to their action potential (AP) waveform—comparing before and after learning of a whisker detection task with delayed licking as perceptual report. Surprisingly, we found that the whisker-evoked activity of RS versus FS neurons changed in opposite directions after learning in primary and secondary whisker motor cortices, while it changed similarly in primary and secondary orofacial motor cortices. Our results suggest that changes in the balance of excitation and inhibition in local circuits concurrent with changes in the long-range synaptic inputs in distinct cortical regions might contribute to performance of delayed sensory-to-motor transformation.
Depression, anxiety and stress among high school students: A cross-sectional study in an urban municipality of Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Karki Anita , Thapa Bipin , Pradhan Pranil Man Singh , Basel Prem
Published: May 2022

Depression and anxiety are the most widely recognized mental issues affecting youths. It is extremely important to investigate the burden and associated risk factors of these common mental disorders to combat them. Therefore, this study was undertaken with the aim to estimate the prevalence and identify factors associated with depression, anxiety, and stress among high school students in an urban municipality of Kathmandu, Nepal. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 453 students of five randomly selected high schools in Tokha Municipality of Kathmandu. Previously validated Nepali version of depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS-21) was used to assess the level of symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress (DAS). Multivariable logistic regression was carried out to decide statistically significant variables of symptoms of DAS at p-value<0.05. The overall prevalence of DAS was found to be 56.5% (95% CI: 51.8%, 61.1%), 55.6% (95%CI: 50.9%, 60.2%) and 32.9% (95%CI: 28.6%, 37.4%) respectively. In the multivariable model, nuclear family type, students from science or humanities faculty, presence of perceived academic stress, and being electronically bullied were found to be significantly associated with depression. Female sex, having mother with no formal education, students from science or humanities faculty and presence of perceived academic stress were significantly associated with anxiety. Likewise, female sex, currently living without parents, and presence of perceived academic stress were significantly associated with stress. Prevention and control activities such as school-based counseling services focusing to reduce and manage academic stress and electronic bullying are recommended in considering the findings of this research.
Predictors of time to recovery and non-response during outpatient treatment of severe acute malnutrition
Authors: Kangas Suvi T. , Salpéteur Cécile , Nikièma Victor , Ritz Christian , Friis Henrik , Briend André , Kaestel Pernille
Published: May 2022

Background

Every year, over 4 million children are treated for severe acute malnutrition with varying program performance. This study sought to explore the predictors of time to recovery from and non-response to outpatient treatment of SAM.

Methods

Children with weight-for-height z-score (WHZ) <-3 and/or mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) <115 mm, without medical complications were enrolled in a trial (called MANGO) from outpatient clinics in Burkina Faso. Treatment included a weekly ration of ready-to-use therapeutic foods. Recovery was declared with WHZ ≥-2 and/or MUAC ≥125 mm, for two weeks without illness. Children not recovered by 16 weeks were considered as non-response to treatment. Predictors studied included admission characteristics, morbidity and compliance during treatment and household characteristics. Cox proportional hazard models were fitted and restricted mean time to recovery calculated. Logistic regression was used to analyse non-response to treatment.

Results

Fifty-five percent of children recovered and mean time to recovery was eight weeks while 13% ended as non-response to treatment. Independent predictors of longer time to recovery or non-response included low age, being admitted with WHZ <-3, no illness nor anaemia at admission, illness episodes during treatment, skipped or missed visits, low maternal age and not practising open defecation. Eighty-four percent of children had at least one and 59% at least two illness episodes during treatment. This increased treatment duration by 1 to 4 weeks. Thirty-five percent of children missed at least one treatment visit. One missed visit predicted 3 weeks longer and two or more missed visits 5 weeks longer treatment duration.

Conclusions

Both longer time to recovery and higher non-response to treatment seem most strongly associated with illness episodes and missed visits during treatment. This indicates that prevention of illnesses would be key to shortening the treatment duration and that there is a need to seek ways to facilitate adherence.
Non-native red alga Gracilaria vermiculophylla compensates for seagrass loss as blue crab nursery habitat in the emerging Chesapeake Bay ecosystem
Authors: Wood Megan A. , Lipcius Romuald N.
Published: May 2022

Non-native species can become deleterious or potentially beneficial as components of novel ecosystems. The non-native red macroalga Gracilaria vermiculophylla may provide nursery habitat where eelgrass Zostera marina has been extirpated in Chesapeake Bay. A mensurative experiment was conducted monthly May–October 2013 and 2014 in the York River, Chesapeake Bay, to evaluate hypotheses that Gracilaria (1) can compensate for the loss of seagrass nurseries by colonizing habitats where seagrass has been eliminated by environmental stress, and (2) is utilized by juvenile blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus) as nursery habitat. We quantified Gracilaria presence, percent cover, and biomass as a function of region (upriver, midriver, and downriver) and seagrass presence or absence using stratified random sampling, 20-m transects, and 0.0625-m2 quadrats. Gracilaria volume was measured and converted to dry weight. Effects of the factors and covariates temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, month, and year were analyzed using generalized linear models. Juvenile blue crab density was quantified in summer 2013 using suction sampling in Gracilaria and seagrass. A model with the collective effect of region and seagrass presence or absence (downriver seagrass, downriver unvegetated bottom, midriver unvegetated bottom) best predicted Gracilaria abundance. Gracilaria presence, percent cover, and biomass were highest in downriver seagrass, followed by downriver unvegetated bottom, and then midriver unvegetated bottom, where seagrass has been extirpated, supporting hypothesis (1). Gracilaria did not occur upriver, likely due to a lack of recruitment. Seagrass and Gracilaria housed similar densities of juvenile blue crabs, supporting hypothesis (2). We estimated that a single 40-ha cove system with Gracilaria could house 200,000 juvenile crabs as would a single 2.4-ha seagrass bed. Consequently, the numerous midriver and downriver cove systems in the York River could support millions of young juvenile blue crabs and thereby compensate for the loss of seagrass in the river and in other areas of Chesapeake Bay. At present, Gracilaria has no widespread negative impacts on seagrass in the York River or most regions of Chesapeake Bay, likely because percent cover and biomass are not excessively high at present. We posit that Gracilaria has become an important alternative nursery habitat for the blue crab in Chesapeake Bay and can potentially mitigate impacts of climate change on seagrass nursery habitats.
Fat and exposure to 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide causes histologic and inflammatory changes in murine livers
Authors: Pitstick Lenore D. , Goral Joanna , Schmelter Ryan A. , Fuja Christine M. , Ciancio Mae J. , Pytynia Matthew , Meyer Alice , Green Jacalyn M.
Published: May 2022

Risk factors for liver cancer include tobacco use, alcohol consumption, obesity, and male sex. Administration of 4-nitroquinonline-1-oxide (4NQO) in drinking water mimics the effects of tobacco and leads to oral carcinoma in mice. This study compared the effects of diets high and low in saturated fat (HF and LF, respectively), and sex, on liver histopathology in 4NQO-treated mice and controls. We hypothesized that 4NQO would cause histopathological changes in liver, and that a HF diet would increase hepatic pathology when compared to the LF diet. Mice (C57Bl/6, 36/sex), were divided into a low fat (10 kcal% fat; LF) or high fat (60 kcal% fat, HF) diet. Mice were further subdivided into one of 3 water treatment groups for 17 weeks: water (control), vehicle (1.25% propylene glycol in water [PG]), or 4NQO in (50 μg/ml; 4NQO). All mice were subsequently given water alone for 6 more weeks. Upon euthanasia, livers were harvested, fixed, sectioned, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). H&E slides were graded for histopathology; frozen liver samples were analyzed for triglyceride content. Trichrome stained sections were graded for fibrosis. CD3+ T cells, CD68+ macrophages, and Ly6+ neutrophils were detected by immunohistochemistry. Compared to water controls, 4NQO-treatment caused mouse liver histopathological changes such as fibrosis, and increases in hepatic neutrophils, T cells, and macrophages. HF diet exacerbated pathological changes compared to LF diet. Male controls, but not females, demonstrated severe steatosis and increased triglyceride content. 4NQO treatment decreased hepatic fat accumulation, even in animals on a HF diet. In conclusion, this murine model of oral cancer may serve as a model to study the effects of tobacco and diet on liver.
Resultados de aplicar un protocolo de seguridad al paciente traqueotomizado procedente de una unidad de cuidados críticos
Authors: Benito-Orejas José Ignacio , Parra-Morais Laura , Casasola-Girón Marleny , Cicuéndez-Ávila Ramón , Morais-Pérez Darío , Muñoz-Moreno María Fe
Published: May 2022

Introducción y objetivo: El incremento de traqueotomías en las unidades de cuidados críticos aumenta notablemente la morbimortalidad en la sala general. Para revertirlo, hemos implementado un programa de seguimiento multidisciplinar basado en la formación, la estandarización de los cuidados y la adopción de nuevas estrategias. Metodología: Estudio de cohorte prospectivo y observacional del seguimiento de 150 pacientes en un hospital universitario de tercer nivel, que carece de unidad de cuidados intermedios. Registramos y analizamos las variables clínicas, epidemiológicas y la evolución tras la aplicación del programa. Resultados: La edad media de los pacientes fue de 61 años, 67% varones y el 42% neurocríticos. 71% con traqueotomía percutánea. La mortalidad general fue del 17% y la de los pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular del 6,3%. Hubo un 8% de reingresos en la unidad de críticos. Detectamos un 23% de complicaciones de escasa gravedad. Se decanuló durante el ingreso a un 43% de pacientes y el 38% volvió a su domicilio, siendo dados de alta un 55% con alimentación oral. El tiempo medio de estancia en la unidad de críticos fue de 34 días y de 70 días la media de ingreso hospitalario. Conclusiones: Este trabajo describe los resultados obtenidos tras aplicar un protocolo de seguimiento multidisciplinar en la sala de hospitalización, del paciente traqueotomizado que procede de las UCC. La finalidad de este seguimiento es mejorar la seguridad de estos pacientes, a fin de disminuir su morbimortalidad. Las aplicación de nuevas estrategias permitirá su evaluación en relación con los datos obtenidos de este estudio.
Preparation and the assessed efficacy of oral baits for the vaccination of free-roaming dogs against rabies
Authors: Aly Naglaa I. , Elnaker Yasser F. , Salama Zeinab T. S. , Diab Mohamed S. , Saber Eman A. , Sotohy Sotohy A. , Elfeil Wael K. , Khodeir Mohamed H.
Published: May 2022

Background and Aim: Rabies is considered a highly fatal zoonotic disease and many deaths in humans have been associated with dog bites. This study was designed to prepare an oral anti-rabies vaccine in the form of baits to eliminate the disease in free-roaming dogs and subsequently protect humans from dog bites.

Materials and Methods: The Evelyn Rokintniki Abelseth (ERA) rabies virus strain was propagated in baby hamster kidney cell cultures and adjusted to the recommended dose for application. Four forms of oral baits were employed with the rabies vaccine, which was evaluated for safety, acceptability, and potency in different dog groups. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and the serum neutralization test (SNT) were used to determine the protective rabies antibody titer in the sera of vaccinated dogs.

Results: According to the results, a dose of 3 mL of the ERA strain, containing a viral titer of 107.6 TCID50/mL, induced a mean antibody titer of 25.6 by SNT, and the PI% was 75.7 by Block ELISA, providing a protective level of the rabies antibody in 100% of vaccinated dogs. All used baits were found to be safe, inducing no abnormal general post-vaccination signs (the signs are limited to mild fever, mild loss of appetite, and mild-to-moderate loss of energy for 24-36 h after vaccination).

Conclusion: It was found that most of the accepted and highly potent bait types consisted of a mixture of wheat flour, vegetable oil, sodium alginate, corn starch, meat meal, cellulose gum, and water. This dog meal was covered with bran and edible wax to seal the bait cavity after inserting the vaccine sachet. This bait was able to induce a protective level of rabies antibodies in 100% of vaccinated dogs after receiving one bait/dog. Hence, such a bait could be recommended for use in the protection of free-roaming dogs and the elimination of the disease.
Inovação Frugal e Sustentabilidade / Frugal Innovation and Sustainability
Authors: Sousa Josiano Cesar de , Sarafim Thiago Ferreira
Published: May 2022

Nos últimos anos, a inovação frugal vem sendo bastante estuda e comentada, não apenas no meio acadêmico, mas também, em grandes organizações sendo utilizada como estratégia no desenvolvimento de produtos para consumidores da base da pirâmide. Neste sentido, surge um problema de pesquisa a ser analisado: De que maneira a inovação frugal pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de produtos ecologicamente sustentáveis? Para responder a este questionamento, o presente artigo foi elaborado com o objetivo de apresentar a relevância da inovação frugal como alternativa para o desenvolvimento de produtos ecológicos, sustentáveis e economicamente viáveis para as organizações. O artigo foi elaborado através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, sendo o processo metodológico qualitativo de forma descritiva. O principal resultado do artigo, foi a constatação de que as organizações podem investir em processos de fabricação, podendo advir da ideia frugal e sendo sustentável, para atender uma grande parcela da base da pirâmide econômica no mercado.
Agronegócio Brasileiro: Desafios e Oportunidades para a Atuação do Administrador / Brazilian Agribusiness: Challenges and Opportunities for the Action of the Administrator
Authors: Sousa Josiano Cesar De , Sena Lucas Henrique Da Silva
Published: May 2022

Resumo: Esse trabalho surgiu da necessidade de se investigar a importância do Administrador para a gestão das atividades no agronegócio e foi embasado na seguinte problemática: quais são os principais desafios e oportunidades encontrados pelos gestores à frente de empresas que atuam no agronegócio brasileiro? Para responder a esse questionamento, o presente artigo foi elaborado com o objetivo de apontar os principais desafios e as oportunidades que surgem para a atuação do administrador a frente de organizações que atuam no agronegócio brasileiro.  Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica exploratória e descritiva de caráter qualitativo, com o intuito de discorrer sobre os desafios que compõem os processos do agronegócio assim como apontar a contribuição do administrador para a melhoria destes processos. Nos resultados, constatou-se que os gestores encontram desafios quanto a gestão de custos, comunicação empresarial, falta de mão de obra qualificada, logística e infraestrutura; dai surgem as oportunidades, gestão da qualidade, gestão de custo, gestão de controle da produção, gestão de logística, gestão da cadeia de suprimentos.Palavras-Chave: Agronegócio. Desafios. Oportunidades.Abstract: This work arose from the need to investigate the importance of the Administrator for the management of activities in agribusiness and was based on the following problem: what are the main challenges and opportunities encountered by managers at the head of companies that operate in Brazilian agribusiness? To answer this question, this article was prepared with the objective of pointing out the main challenges and opportunities that arise for the performance of the administrator in front of organizations that work in Brazilian agribusiness. This is an exploratory and descriptive bibliographic research of a qualitative nature, with the aim of discussing the challenges that make up the agribusiness processes as well as pointing out the administrator's contribution to the improvement of these processes. In the results, it was found that managers face challenges regarding cost management, business communication, lack of qualified labor, logistics and infrastructure. Thus arise opportunities for quality management, cost management, production control management, logistics management, supply chain management.Keywords: Agribusiness. Challenges. Opportunities.
Liderança Feminina: Os Desafios das Mulheres na Liderança Organizacional / Female Leadership: The Challenges of Women in Organizational Leadership
Authors: Silva Verislania Silva e , Rodrigues Luciana Da Luz
Published: May 2022

Resumo: A liderança feminina na era moderna tem atraído vários graus de interesse no mundo organizacional e no meio acadêmico. Ao longo da história, as mulheres têm tido uma jornada difícil que merece atenção especial. A participação das mulheres em posições de liderança em pequenas, médias e grandes empresas no país aumentou significativamente. A liderança não se trata apenas de dar ordens, mas sobretudo de trabalhar nas relações interpessoais, o que pode ser um fator dominante nesta conquista feminina. A metodologia aplicada neste estudo foi um estudo bibliográfico e exploratório baseado em páginas da web, livros, artigos e periódicos. O objetivo geral deste estudo foi destacar a importância da liderança feminina na organização. Os resultados mostraram que um novo modelo de gestão feminina está surgindo e começamos a perceber que, para lidar com uma organização altamente competitiva, é necessário utilizar cada vez mais técnicas ágeis, que estão gradualmente ganhando seu lugar e funcionando em grandes organizações. Portanto, conclui-se que a liderança feminina tem um grande potencial para ganhar importância na organização e que é capaz de substituir a liderança masculina nas diferentes atividades que deseja realizar. Palavras-chave: Organização. Liderança feminina. Motivação.  Abstract: Female leadership in the modern era has attracted varying degrees of interest in the organizational world and in academia. Throughout history, women have had a difficult journey that deserves special attention. The participation of women in leadership positions in small, medium, and large companies in the country has increased significantly. Leadership is not only about giving orders, but mainly about working on interpersonal relationships, which can be a dominant factor in this female achievement. The methodology applied in this study was a bibliographic and exploratory study based on web pages, books, articles, and periodicals. The overall objective of this study was to highlight the importance of female leadership in the organization. The results showed that a new model of female management is emerging, and we began to realize that in order to deal with a highly competitive organization, it is necessary to use more and more agile techniques, which are gradually gaining their place and functioning in large organizations. Therefore, it is concluded that female leadership has a great potential to gain importance in the organization and that it can replace male leadership in the different activities it wants to perform.Keywords: Organization. Female leadership. Motivation.
Governança no Setor Público: Um Estudo sobre as Atividades da Câmara Municipal de Dormentes/PE / Governance in the Public Sector: A Study on the Activities of the City Council of Dormentes/PE
Authors: Coelho Bruno De Macedo , Aquino Vanessa De Almeida , Pinto André Costa , Ceolin Alessandra Carla
Published: May 2022

Resumo: O estudo analisa as atividades de governança realizadas pelos vereadores de Dormentes/PE, no que tange aos seus projetos de leis e decretos, no período 2017 a 2020.Destaca-se a importância em abordar as atividades legislativas impulsionadas não apenas pela necessidade de solução de demandas da população, mas como importantes elementos da conexão e trocas que se estabelecem entre os representantes políticos, da sociedade e o poder executivo, as quais refletem-se na qualidade de vida dos seus munícipes. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva e com abordagem qualitativa, que analisou projetos, decretos e leis; Carta de Serviço ao Usuário da Câmara Municipal, dentre outros. Os principais resultados apontam que o poder legislativo é responsável por diversas atribuições, sendo de sua competência legislar em consonância com interesse público, fiscalizar o poder executivo, e principalmente, destaca-se a representação da sociedade. Salienta-se que as atividades desenvolvidas precisam atender de forma efetiva as necessidades dos cidadãoPalavras-chave: Acesso à Informação, Gestão Pública, Accountability, e-SIC, Transparência. Abstract: The study analyzes the governance activities carried out by the councilors of Dormentes/PE, regarding their draft laws and decrees, from 2017 to 2020. The importance of addressing legislative activities driven not only by the need to solve the population's demands is highlighted, but as important elements of the connection and exchanges that are established between political representatives, society, and the executive power, which are reflected in in the quality of life of its citizens. This is descriptive research with a qualitative approach, which analyzed projects, decrees and laws, City Council User Service Letter, among others. The main results point out that the legislature is responsible for several attributions, being its competence to legislate in line with the public interest, supervise the executive power, and mainly, the representation of society. It should be noted that the activities developed need to effectively meet the needs of citizens.Keywords: Access to Information, Public Management, Accountability, e-SIC, Transparency.
Sinusite Maxilar Odontogênica: Uma revisão de literatura / Odontogenic Maxillary Sinusitis: A Literature Review
Authors: Silva Isabela Porto Faria da , Santos Mateus Gusmão , Dias Karina Sarno Paes Alves
Published: May 2022

Resumo: O seio maxilar é o maior entre todos os seios paranasais e fica localizado na maxila, entre a cavidade orbital e nasal. A sinusite maxilar pode ter diversas causas, entretanto deve-se dar uma atenção especial para as doenças dento-alveolares que possam desencadear danos à sua membrana. Este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever os achados da literatura sobre sinusite maxilar odontogênica que discutem anatomia, etiologia, diagnóstico e tratamento. Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura narrativa através das bases de dados Pubmed, Lilacs e Scielo, com artigos selecionados nos idiomas português e inglês. A sinusite maxilar odontogênica é uma doença com um diagnóstico complexo que necessita de exames complementares para o bom planejamento do caso. O seu tratamento dependente da natureza que a causou e consiste, primariamente, na eliminação do fator causal de origem dentária.Palavras chaves: Sinusite Maxilar; Seio maxilar; Sinusite Odontogênica.Abstract: The maxillary sinus is the largest among all the paranasal sinuses located in the maxilla, sis, and treatment. A narrative literature review was carried out through Pubmed, Lilacs and Scielo databases, with selected articles in Portuguese and English. Odontogenic maxillary sinusitis is a disease with a complex diagnosis that requires complementary exams for the proper planningbetween the main orbital and nasal. Diversity can be considered, although special attention should be paid to the causes of alveolar diseases that can cause maximum damage to its membrane. This paper aims to describe the findings of the literature on maxillary sinusitis that discuss the anatomy, etiology, diagno of the case. Its treatment depends on the nature that presides and consists primarily in the definition of the causal factor of dental origin.Keywords: Maxillary Sinusitis; Maxillary sinus; Odontogenic sinusitis.
“Não, eu só rezo em criança”: Benzedeiras e Construções epistemológicas em saúde no Cariri cearense / “No, I only pray in children”: Faith healing and epistemological Constructions in health in Cariri cearense
Authors: Feitosa Pedro Walisson Gomes , Maia Maria Andrezza Gomes , Ribeiro Nayana Freitas Vieira , Leite Victória Monalisa Batista de Freitas , Freitas Neta Maria Stella Batista de , Pinheiro Sally De França Lacerda
Published: May 2022

Resumo: A benzeção realiza um papel importante nas práticas populares em saúde, tornando-se em um patrimônio imaterial tanto para aqueles indivíduos que a praticam quanto para os que se beneficiam dela. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho tem como finalidade relatar as experiências dos estudantes de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Cariri em um projeto de registros epistêmicos de benzedeiras no interior do nordeste brasileiro. Tendo levado a cabo o projeto, foi possível consignar a relevância da passagem de conhecimentos através das gerações de benzedeiras na região, mostrando a necessidade de valorizar e preservar os saberes que viabilizam a realização das práticas populares em saúdePalavras-chave: Saúde popular; Cultura; Epistemologia Abstract: Faith healing plays an important role in popular health practices, becoming an intangible heritage both for those who practice it and for those who benefit from it. In this sense, the present work aims to report the experiences of medical students from the Federal University of Cariri in a project of epistemic records of traditional healers in the interior of northeastern Brazil. Having carried out the project, it was possible to chronicle the relevance of passing on knowledge through generations of traditional healers in the region, showing the need to value and preserve the knowledge that enables the realization of popular health practices.Keywords: Popular health; Culture; Epistemology.
Educação ambiental na engenharia florestal: percepção dos estudantes e profissionais
Authors: Martini Angeline , Biondi Daniela , Wassem Gustavo Ferreira
Published: May 2022

A engenharia florestal é uma profissão que se utiliza de ciências que trabalham diretamente com o ambiente e, portanto deve formar profissionais capacitados para desenvolver atividades de educação ambiental. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar a percepção de estudantes e profissionais de engenharia florestal com relação a importância da educação ambiental para sua profissão e assim analisar o grau de conscientização destes. A percepção deste público foi analisada por meio de uma enquete eletrônica. Verificou-se que os estudantes e profissionais sabem da importância de aprender educação ambiental para sua formação, demonstrando um alto grau de conscientização. Neste contexto, o curso de engenharia florestal atende às necessidades dos estudantes quanto à demanda do mercado de trabalho e tentou evoluir ao longo do tempo.
A Tributação Ambiental como um instrumento de Educação Ambiental
Authors: Freire Simone , Caporlíngua Vanessa
Published: May 2022

Este trabalho problematiza a Tributação como instrumento de Educação Ambiental (EA) para auxiliar na proteção do direito fundamental ao meio ambiente previsto no artigo 225 da Constituição Federal, de modo a fomentar a proteção ambiental e possibilitar uma reflexão crítica da sociedade diante das posturas adotadas na tutela do meio ambiente. Trata-se de pesquisa de base qualitativa, com abordagem bibliográfica e documental para buscar subsídios de aprendizado que permita compreender o questionamento formulado. Inicialmente se apresenta o Direito Tributário na contemporaneidade, discutindo seus papéis fiscais e extrafiscais. Logo a seguir, partindo da concepção jurídica do meio ambiente, relaciona-se o Direito Tributário com a Educação Ambiental. Trata-se de reflexão indispensável, uma vez que embora a Constituição Federal estabeleça a responsabilidade entre Estado e sociedade, cabe ao primeiro a gestão ambiental.
O educador em seu ‘quefazer’ ambiental: uma análise a partir da dialética materialista
Authors: Costa Alessio Almada , Minasi Luis Fernando
Published: May 2022

Este texto tem como objetivo contribuir para o ‘quefazer’ de educadores ambientais trazendo a proposta da dialética materialista dentro do método marxista que une teoria e prática para a formação do homem em sua totalidade. Pois um processo educativo se define enquanto conseguem apreender, educador e educando, a estrutura da sociedade. Elencamos neste texto, as categorias contradições, movimento e totalidade para uma análise crítica da sociedade determinada pelo sistema capitalista.
Consumismo infantil: um olhar Bakhtiniano às ideologias veiculadas pela mídia
Authors: Bissaco Cristiane Magalhães , Nardy Mariana , Corrêa Carine , Bertoli Patrícia Pereira , Arena Dagoberto Buim
Published: May 2022

O artigo aqui apresentado visa a discutir o cenário global atual, não só sob o prisma de uma crise ambiental, mas de uma crise civilizatória. Assim, nos dispusemos a analisar e compreender dois eventos da publicidade destinada ao público infantil a partir de um olhar crítico para o consumismo implícito em tais campanhas. Desse modo, por meio do conceito de dialogicidade presente nos textos do Círculo de Bakhtin, vamos verificar sua presença no decorrer do texto, apresentando possibilidades de diálogo entre as ideologias impostas e uma formação crítica do ser.
Effect of Cementation Technique on Retention of All Ceramic Crowns Cemented to Zirconia and Titanium Implant Abutments: A Comparative in Vitro Study
Authors: Ahmed Mohamed T. , Mohsen Cherif A.
Published: May 2022

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the retention of lithium disilicate crowns cemented by resin cement on zirconia and titanium implant abutments coated with glycerin and eugenol. Materials and Methods: Forty implant analogs were embedded in forty blocks of epoxy resin. Twenty implant analogs received a zirconia implant abutment to which 20 IPS e.max press crowns were cemented. The other twenty implant analogs received a titanium implant abutment to which 20 IPS e.max press crowns were cemented. According to the cementation technique, the samples were subdivided into two groups, 10 samples each. In Gp A, zirconia implant abutments’ surfaces were coated with a single coat of eugenol before cementing crowns with the permanent resin luting cement. In Gp B, same as in Gp B with replacement of eugenol with single coat of glycerin. In Gp C, Titanium implant abutments’ surfaces were coated with a single coat of eugenol before cementing crowns with the permanent resin luting cement. In Gp D, same as in Gp C with replacement of eugenol with single coat of glycerin. Each sample was subjected to a pull-out test. Loads required to remove the crowns were recorded, and mean values for each group determined. Data were statistically analyzed. Results: The mean values ±SD of loads at failure (n -10) for each group were as follows in Newton (N): Group(A) 141.9±17.9, Group(B) 134±14.5, Group(C) 140.5±17, Group(D) 143.6±12.4. All groups showed statistically insignificant difference in retention (p<0.05). Conclusions: There was no significant difference between eugenol and glycerin coated zirconia implant abutments in retention of lithium disilicate crowns. There was no significant difference between eugenol and glycerin coated titanium implant abutments in retention of lithium disilicate crowns.
Artificial Intelligence as a Technology for the Management of Isolated Microgrids
Authors: Alava Lenin Agustin Cuenca , Llanes Miriam Vilaragut , Fernandez Miguel Castro , Perez-Rodriguez Jesus Alberto , Rodriguez-Borges Ciaddy Gina
Published: May 2022

The current electrical energy systems aim to guarantee greater reliability, safety, and energy efficiency, promoting environmental benefits, integrating renewable sources of distributed energy. These solutions are obtained by incorporating Artificial Intelligence, by virtue of the current development of this technology to have "more intelligent" electrical energy networks. A review of the different aspects of technology for the Management of Isolated Microgrids is presented, identifying the trends, problems, and challenges, with their characteristics, functionalities, and their implementations. For the organization and analysis of the information, all the documentation was grouped by theme and artificial intelligence contributions in the areas of energy consumers, photovoltaic systems, distributed generation systems, energy storage systems, electrical protection system, management energy, among others; Selectivity criteria were applied to identify the most relevant elements. A high correlation is observed between benefits and AI adoption levels. Through the application of approaches and analysis of technology for the management of isolated microgrids. Concluding that different artificial intelligence techniques can improve the planning of users' electricity needs and intelligent energy management solutions, incorporating renewable energy sources, as well as more accurate prediction and forecasting of energy consumption.
Modeling and simulation sedimentation process using finite difference method
Authors: Naser Mohammed Abed , Abdulrazzaq Khalid Adel
Published: May 2022

The goal of this research is to develop a numerical model that can be used to simulate the sedimentation process under two scenarios: first, the flocculation unit is on duty, and second, the flocculation unit is out of commission. The general equation of flow and sediment transport were solved using the finite difference method, then coded using Matlab software. The result of this study was: the difference in removal efficiency between the coded model and operational model for each particle size dataset was very close, with a difference value of +3.01%, indicating that the model can be used to predict the removal efficiency of a rectangular sedimentation basin. The study also revealed that the critical particle size was 0.01 mm, which means that most particles with diameters larger than 0.01 mm settled due to physical force, while most particles with diameters smaller than 0.01 mm settled due to flocculation process. At 10 m from the inlet zone, the removal efficiency was more than 60% of the total removal rate, indicating that increasing basin length is not a cost-effective way to improve removal efficiency. The influence of the flocculation process appears at particle sizes smaller than 0.01 mm, which is a small percentage (10%) of sieve analysis test. When the percentage reaches 20%, the difference in accumulative removal efficiency rises from +3.57% to 11.1% at the AL-Muthana sedimentation unit.
The 26th Scientific Conference of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology: College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, June 1-3, 2022
Authors: Kumar Santosh , Dash Chandravanu , Pendyala Gurudutt , Yelamanchili Sowmya V. , Maggirwar Sanjay B. , Bidlack Jean M. , Chang Sulie L.
Published: May 2022

The 26th Scientific Conference of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology (SNIP) at the University of Tennessee Health Science Center in Memphis, Tennessee, June 1-3, 2022, is SNIP’s first full-fledged meeting in person since the onset of the coronavirus disease-19 pandemic. The three-day meeting encompasses a variety of activities that include a pre-conference session, many scientific sessions (eight symposia and two plenary lectures), two special talks, a poster session, oral talks, a mentoring session for early career investigators, a diversity and inclusion SNIP committee session, a business meeting, and an award session. A conference summary, detailed program agenda, accepted poster abstracts, and presentation abstracts are included in this brief report published in advance of the meeting.
“Establish a niche” vianegation: A corpus-based study ofnegationwithin the Move 2 sections of PhD thesis introductions
Authors: Sun Shuyi , Crosthwaite Peter
Published: May 2022

The past few decades have witnessed an upsurge of scholarly interest in the generic descriptions of PhD theses following Swales’ seminalGenre Analysis. Fitted within the Create A Research Space (CARS) model, the thesis introduction plays a key role in justifying research originality/significance, where novice writers engage with academic communities through “establishing a research territory” (Move 1), “establishing a niche” (Move 2), and “occupying the niche” (Move 3). As the hinge of the CARS model, Move 2 (hereinafter EN) is of strategic importance as it enables writers to “sell” their ideas by pointing to the gap/niche in the “marketplace” of previous research, which is typically realized through the co-occurrences ofnegationalongside other interpersonal language resources.Negation, as adisclaimmarker within Martin and White’sappraisalframework, is a prominent linguistic indicator of EN. Nevertheless, little research has systematically examined the use ofnegationin ENs of PhD thesis introductions. Accordingly, the study investigatednegationvia theappraisalframework addressing subtypes ofnegation(disalignment,cautious detachment,unfulfilled expectation) within ENs in the introduction sections of 120 PhD theses. The results showed thatdisalignmentis the most frequent subtype ofnegation, while “not” and “no” are commonly used as indicators ofnegation. Our findings also revealed intriguing co-occurrences ofnegationsub-categories alongside other relevantappraisalresources. The corpus-informed results are expected to shed light on the nature and practice of PhD theses that educators may take into account during thesis writing instruction.
OHLS: Ein Fragebogen zur Messung arbeitsbezogener Gesundheitskompetenz
Authors: Friedrich Julian , Münch Anne-Kristin , Thiel Ansgar , Voelter-Mahlknecht Susanne , Sudeck Gorden
Published: May 2022

Arbeitsbezogene Gesundheitskompetenz (Occupational Health Literacy, OHL) umfasst das Wissen, die Fähigkeiten und die Bereitschaft von Menschen, Sicherheits- und Gesundheitsinformationen zu finden, zu verarbeiten und in Arbeitssituationen anzuwenden. In einem mehrstufigen Verfahren wurden ein konzeptionelles Modell sowie ein 12-Item-Fragebogen entwickelt. Die Occupational Health Literacy Scale (OHLS) weist eine gute faktorielle Struktur auf und ist für die Messung von OHL zuverlässig und valide.
Arbeitsbezogene Gesundheitskompetenz: Ergebnisse eines Scoping Reviews
Authors: Ehmann Anna T. , Ög Eylem , Rieger Monika A. , Siegel Achim
Published: May 2022

Die Gesundheitskompetenz von Beschäftigten und Führungskräften wird als eine wesentliche Ressource zur Bewältigung, Verringerung oder Vermeidung arbeitsbedingter Belastungen und Beanspruchungen gesehen. Das primäre Ziel der Übersichtsarbeit war, das Konzept der individuellen arbeitsbezogenen Gesundheitskompetenz zu klären, d.h. die (teilweise variierenden) Bedeutungen herauszuarbeiten, mit denen der Begriff „arbeitsbezogene Gesundheitskompetenz“ in der Literatur assoziiert ist.
Trade Union Resurgence in Ethiopia
Authors: Admasie Samuel Andreas
Published: May 2022

Despite a global trend of declining trade unionism, the Ethiopian trade union movement is resurgent. Having fought off a harsh labour bill and forced industrial parks to open to trade union organising in the past few years, it has scored some of its most momentous achievements, acquiring in the process momentum and leverage. Membership has grown substantially in the last few years, and a sharp increase in workplace-level collective action has occurred over the same period. This article seeks to examine the factors that have enabled the rapid resurgence of trade unionism in Ethiopia, and thus the seeming paradox of a buoyant trade union movement emerging in a context where structural vulnerabilities prevail, at a historical time of global decline in the power and influence of labour organisations. It does so by comparing contemporary trade union strategies to historical iterations. It identifies willingness and capacity to engage in class contestation as the most important factors, and finds that they are premised upon and propelled by pressures and activity from below. The article finds the situation of Ethiopian trade unions to be at once pregnant with possibilities of further advances and serious risks of sharp reversals.
­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­KEYWORDS: trade unions; labour movements; Confederation of Ethiopian Trade Unions
Emissions of NOx from blending of hydrogen and natural gas in space heating boilers
Authors: Wright Madeleine L. , Lewis Alastair C.
Published: May 2022

As part of climate change commitments, the United Kingdom is considering an incremental transition from natural gas to hydrogen for domestic heating, blending up to 20% of hydrogen (by volume) into the national gas network. We consider the possible impacts of this policy on nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions, a minor waste by-product from combustion. A meta-analysis of changes in NOx emissions from hydrogen/natural gas blends used in gas burners is undertaken, with focus on mixtures between 5% and 20% v/v. Literature reports are highly variable: for a 5% hydrogen blend, changes in NOx emissions, when compared to burning pure natural gas, vary over the range –12% to +39%, with a mean change across 14 studies of +8%. These estimates required an important assumption to be made that, when not explicitly described, all literature data on changes in NOx emissions and/or concentrations were suitably corrected for the reduced energy density and heat output arising once hydrogen is added. A NOx increase can be rationalized through the increased adiabatic flame temperature generated from hydrogen combustion. The associated range of plausible damage costs of a 5% hydrogen blend is estimated to fall within the range –117 million GBP to +362 million GBP per year; 20% hydrogen (the maximum that could be accommodated with existing infrastructure) would lead to a change in emissions in the range –50 to +154% with a change in damage costs of between –467 million GBP and +1,146 million GBP per year. The mean change is estimated at 292 million GBP per year. For existing poor performing boilers, an economic case can be made for scrappage and replacement based primarily on NOx damage costs avoided. The response of older boilers to added hydrogen is a critical evidence gap that needs filling before further decisions on hydrogen as a heating fuel are made.
Klinik çalışmalarda yapay zekâ uygulamalarının raporlanmasında CONSORT-AI protokolünün kullanımı
Authors: Tekindal Mustafa Agah , Tekindal Melike , Demirsöz Mert , Özel Zeynep
Published: May 2022

Yapay zekâ 21. Yüzyılda teknolojinin gelişimi ile tıpta dahil olmak üzere birçok bilim dalında kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Yapılan araştırma sonuçlarının uluslararası standartlara uygun nitelikte raporlanması, söz konusu araştırmaları anlama, yorumlama ve eleştirel olarak değerlendirme sürecine anlamlı katkılar sağlayacaktır. CONSORT-AI (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials- Artificial Intelligence [Araştırma Raporlamada Konsolide Standartlar- Yapay Zekâ]) sayısı hızla artan yapay zekâ uygulamalarına bağlı olarak tıp ve sağlık alanında kullanımı yaygınlaşan bir raporlama protokolüdür. Bu araştırmada Türkçe uyarlaması yapılan CONSORT-AI protokolünün araştırmacılar tarafından doğru bir şekilde anlaşılıp anlaşılmadığını değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. TR Dizin dergilerden seçilen 22 makale CONSORT-AI protokolü ile değerlendirici konumunda bulunan yazarlar tarafından değerlendirilmiş ve değerlendirme sonuçları yazarlar arası uyum analizi ile test edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, değerlendiriciler arası uyumun istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğunu göstermiştir. Bununla birlikte incelenen araştırmalarda CONSORT-AI protokolündeki ilkeleri tümüyle gözeten bir makaleye de rastlanamamıştır. Çalışmanın yapay zekâ odaklı araştırma çıktılarında izlenmesi gereken ilkelere dikkat çekerek tıp ve sağlık alanında görev yapan bilgi profesyonellerine, konuyla ilgili araştırmacılara ve araştırmaları değerlendirme konumunda bulunan editör ve hakemlere katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir.
Comparison of physical meat quality properties of young and spent female quail of different genetic stock
Authors: Petek Metin , Abdourhamane İbrahima Mahamane , Ardıçlı Sena
Published: May 2022

Bu çalışma, farklı genotipteki genç ve kasaplık yaşta dişi bıldırcınların fiziksel et kalite özelliklerini araştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bıldırcınlarda et kalitesi özelliklerini incelemek üzere çalışmada; saf Pharaoh (Coturnix coturnix Pharaoh, yabani tip) ve bunların beyaz varyetesi ile Japon (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) ve Bob White bıldırcınların (Colinus virginianus) melezlenmesiyle elde edilen iki melez hat (sarı ve siyah renkli) olmak üzere 4 farklı genetik materyalden toplamda 80 adet bıldırcına ait taze göğüs ve but eti kullanılmıştır. Bıldırcın yaşının göğüs ve but eti pH'ı (p<0,008, p<0,001) ile genotipin but eti pH'ı (p<0.01) üzerine etkisi önemli bulunmuştur. Göğüs eti su tutma kapasitesi, genotip ve yaşdan önemli düzeyde etkilenmiştir (p<0,001, p<0,019). Bıldırcın but ve göğüs etlerinin parlaklık ve kroma değerleri üzerine genotipin etkisi önemli bulunmuştur (p<0,001, p<0,001). Sonuç olarak, incelenen et kalitesi özelliklerinin birçoğu siyah ve genç bıldırcınlarda diğerlerine göre daha iyi bulunmuştur.
Apoptosis in bovine ocular squamouse cell carcinomas
Authors: Kutlu Tuncer , Karakurt Emin , Aydın Uğur , Beytut Enver , Özaydın İsa , Dağ Serpil , Aksoy Özgür , Nuhoğlu Hilmi , Yıldız Ayfer
Published: May 2022

Hücre ölümü özellikle de apoptozis hücre konusunda en çok çalışılan konular arasında yer almaktadır. Hastalıklardaki apoptozis mekanizmasının anlaşılması sadece hastalıkların patogenezinin anlaşılmasına değil hastalıkların tedavisine de yardımcı olacaktır. Bu çalışmada sığırlarda gözlenen oküler yassı hücreli karsinomların (Bovine ocular squamouse cell carcinoma, BOSCC) derecelendirilmesi ve farklı anaplastik özellikler gösteren bu tümörlerde apoptozisin değerlendirilmesi hedeflendi. BOSCC’lerde apoptozisin incelenmesi amacıyla, formalinde tespit edilmiş 10 adet kötü differensiye, 10 adet orta differensiye ve 10 iyi diferensiye olan toplam 30 adet tümör dokusu kullanıldı. Histopatolojik inceleme için hematoksilen & eozin (H&E); apoptozisin tespit için tüm BOSCC’lerde TUNEL (Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling) boyaması yapıldı. BOSCC’lerde malignite artıkça apoptozisin azaldığı saptandı (p<0.001). İncelenen tüm tümörler malign olmasına rağmen iyi differensiye tipte kontrollü hücre ölümü olan apoptozun şiddetli olduğu ancak orta ve kötü differensiye tiplerde apoptozisin hafif şiddette olduğu saptandı. Sığırlarda gözlenen bu durumun kanser patogenezi ve tedavisine yönelik çalışmalarda göz önünde bulundurulması gerektiği kanısına varıldı.