bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristics, Industrial Application, and Prospects of Continuous Extrusion Technology
Authors: Pan Hongjiang , Zhong Yi , Zhang Zhihao , Pan Chengmin
Published: November 2019

At present, continuous extrusion technology is applied in the industrial production of traditional non-ferrous metal profiles, composite profiles, and thin-walled hollow profiles, such as pipes, belts, wires and rows. This technology yields energy savings, high material utilization rates, automatic production, large manufacturing-product lengths, labor savings, and requires small floor space. The present paper introduces the characteristics of continuous extrusion technology and some industrial application examples, and focuses on the development prospects of multi-blank multi-round continuous extrusion technology.
Study of intestinal dysbiosis (“dysbacteriosis”): state of problem and new trends
Authors: Tsimmerman Y. S.
Published: November 2019

Intestinal dysbiosis (“dysbacteriosis”) is a clinical and laboratory (clinical and microbiological) secondary syndrome that develops in a number of diseases and clinical syndromes and is characterized by changes in the quantitative and qualitative (species) composition of microbial associations (normal flora) in certain biotopes (large and small intestine) with the translocation of its various representatives into unusual biotopes.

The main causes of the development of colic dysbiosis are: antibacterial therapy with the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics; hormone therapy; use of cytostatics; radiation therapy; bowel surgery; acute intestinal infectious diseases (dysentery, salmonellosis, etc.); immunodeficiency states of various genesis; unbalanced nutrition; lack of dietary fiber; excessive consumption of preservatives and xenobiotics; intestinal movement disorders (chronic constipation, diarrhea); mental stress conditions, etc.

There are direct (bacteriological cultures) and indirect (determination of short-chain volatile fatty acids by gas-liquid chromatography, respiratory tests, etc.) methods for diagnosing intestinal dysbiosis.

Treatment of intestinal dysbiosis (“dysbacteriosis”) should be individualized and complex, taking into account its severity (degree), preferential localization (colon, small intestine), nature of the prevailing conditionally pathogenic microflora, presence of clinical symptoms and its characteristic features. Adequate treating of the underlying disease that caused intestinal dysbiosis; restoration of the impaired functions of the intestine, its parietal (contact, membrane) and abdominal digestion; increasing the overall resistance of the organism due to the restoration of its immunological and non-specific protection; correction of dysbiosis of the colon and small intestine are crucial. Diet, intestinal antibiotics, pro-, prebiotics, synbiotics are important components of treatment. In recent years, fecal transplantation has been more widely applied.
GOVERNMENTALITY: CASES OF THE RAYJA HOTEL CONFLICT CONSTRUCTION PERMIT, BUMIAJI SUB-DISTRICT, BATU
Authors: Ayu O Friska , , Mardiyono , Wijaya Andy Fefta
Published: November 2019

Governance concept implies a shift in the role of the government, private sector and community, so that it necessary synergy in the implementation of the government. Community involvement in policy formulation needed to build the quality of local government. In reality, this ideal has not been able to be implemented in developing countries, in particular Indonesia. In Batu City, there is resistance against the construction of hotel residents who opposed the Rayja Local Regulation no. 7 of 2011 on Spatial Planning state that Sumber Gemulo is a protected area. Differences in knowledge caused a power space on each of the actors, in particular the Government. Space power it seeks to create a discourse by the main actor, Mayor. A series of regulatory practices that occur as a strategy of "disciplining” and "tourism city" as a discourse. It also has affected to create a new claims and governmentality among actors. This research used explanatory - case study method. To minimize bias in the classification of the actor then analyzes that support this research is Narrative Policy Analysis (NPA). This research was conducted in Batu City, East Java Province. The results of this study prove that the government is in the process of giving the IMB Hotel Rayja is not regulatory governance practices.
PERAN PEMERINTAH DESA DALAM MENGELOLA WISATA HUTAN PINUS UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN ASLI DESA DI DESA BENDOSARI, KECAMATAN PUJON, KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Larasati Dewi Citra , Kurrahman Ya’taufiq
Published: November 2019

This study aimed to determine the role of the village government in managing pine forest tourism to increase the Village Original Revenue (PAD) in Bendosari Village, Pujon District, Malang Regency and identify the problems faced by the Bendosari Village Government. The study used a qualitative method with data collection technique using a combination of interviews, observation, and documentation triangulation. While the sampling technique used Puporsive Sampling. From this research, the results showed that the role of Bendosari village government were disseminating and planning the development of pine forest tourism areas, forming POKDARWIS, conducting tourism promotion on social media, and conducting comparative studies in other tourist villages. While the factors that influenced the implementation were the natural conditions that were affected during the rainy season and the human resources, such as the lack of awareness and ability of the community to manage the pine forest tourism. So there is a need for an intensive training and mentoring from the Bendosari village government.
Saúde coletiva e interdisciplinaridade: interações e conjecturas acadêmicas
Authors: Pissaia Luís Felipe , Costa Arlete Eli Kunz da
Published: November 2019

O objetivo deste estudo é compartilhar reflexões interdisciplinares sobre a saúde coletiva realizadas na disciplina de Saúde Coletiva em nível de graduação de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior do Rio Grande do Sul. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, exploratória e com abordagem qualitativa, tendo quarenta e cinco estudantes da disciplina de Saúde Coletiva como participantes. A coleta de dados ocorreu com a realização de uma atividade de mapas conceituais, sendo analisados com aproximações da Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin (2016). Verificou-se que os estudantes compreendem a importância da saúde coletiva nos seus contextos de formação, inferindo sobre aspectos importantes identificados nos mapas conceituais. As articulações entre saúde coletiva e os temas secundários estimularam a construção das problematizações eficazes e construtivas sobre o tema com ênfase nas práticas interdisciplinares. Sendo assim, o estudo possibilitou a troca de informações e a reflexão integral sobre saúde coletiva e a atuação interdisciplinar dos estudantes.
Inclusão Escolar e baixa visão: um Relato de Experiência
Authors: Oliveira Andréia Xavier da Silva , Silva Andréia Gomes da , Dias Edilayne Christina Souza Cavalcanti , Martins Lucia de Araújo Ramos
Published: November 2019

Este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar um estudo de caso cujo objeto trata das questões pedagógicas de um jovem com deficiência visual (baixa visão), com 16 (dezesseis) anos de idade, matriculado no 8º ano do Ensino Fundamental II e os aspectos relacionados à percepção da professora do Atendimento Educacional Especializado (AEE) e da família sobre os processos de aprendizagem e inclusão escolar do estudante. Apresentamos reflexões pautadas nos fundamentos da Educação Especial numa perspectiva inclusiva em que consideramos o AEE uma importante estratégia de promoção do processo de Inclusão escolar. Neste relato de experiência a professora do AEE colabora com a realização de adaptações em atividades e avaliações e na orientação aos professores quanto às estratégias para viabilizar a inclusão do estudante. Na Sala de Recursos Multifuncionais é oportunizado ao estudante o acesso a softwares como o Dosvox e outros recursos da informática acessível, atividades adaptadas e a utilização de materiais concretos. Quanto à família, a mãe demonstra uma postura superprotetora, no que diz respeito ao estímulo à autonomia e independência do filho. Consideramos que a escola esteve atenta às necessidades educacionais do estudante. Entretanto, percebemos que a relação família x escola carece de um fortalecimento, para que juntas possam construir uma sistematização de rotinas e atividades que busquem motivar o estudante ao desenvolvimento de suas autonomias, objetivando seu pleno desenvolvimento.
O sistema capitalista no contexto dos trabalhadores migrantes e refugiados: o mito de sísifo
Authors: Borba Camila da Cunha Melo de Farias , D'Angelo Isabele Bandeira de Moraes
Published: November 2019

Em meio a crises humanitárias com abrangências nacionais e internacionais, mais do que nunca se pode perceber a onda de migrantes e refugiados que, fugindo de situações de guerra, fome e miséria, buscam novos destinos e realidades em países com conjecturas político-sociais menos drásticas. Contudo, quando conseguem chegar a terras novas, sua recepção nem sempre é hospitaleira. Por estarem em situação de vulnerabilidade, desde seu ponto de origem, a fugir de violências e extrema pobreza, desesperados para adquirir estabilidade em um novo país, os refugiados e, especialmente, os imigrantes ilegais encontram-se em “perfeitas” condições para serem introduzidos em situações de trabalho extremamente precárias, ou até mesmo análogas à escravidão. Desse modo, a partir de levantamento bibliográfico, através do método hipotético-dedutivo, o presente trabalho visa apontar o modo como as crises do capitalismo são cíclicas, sendo por ele mesmo criadas, a ponto de fazê-lo se reinventar enquanto os trabalhadores, especialmente nas condições acima mencionadas, ficam ainda mais prejudicados. Assim, demonstra as condições pelas quais os trabalhadores imigrantes e refugiados, extremamente vulneráveis, são submetidos à exploração laboral e aponta o modo como a atual dinâmica capitalista é retroalimentada pela escravidão contemporânea.
Educação permanente em saúde para qualificar o acolhimento às mulheres vítimas de violência: debatendo uma proposta
Authors: Santos João Paulo Bello dos , Lima Rafael Rodolfo Tomaz de
Published: November 2019

Este artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar uma proposta de intervenção, no âmbito da gestão do trabalho e da educação na saúde, para qualificar o acolhimento às mulheres vítimas de violência doméstica. Trata-se de uma pesquisa-ação com abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvida no contexto da área de abrangência da Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) Parque Ludolf, localizada no município de Mesquita/RJ. O percurso metodológico foi composto por três fases: exploração, planejamento e execução. Tem-se como proposta de intervenção uma ação educativa para trabalhadores da saúde, desenvolvida à luz dos princípios e diretrizes da Política Nacional de Educação Permanente em Saúde. Com essa intervenção, espera-se que os trabalhadores da UBS Parque Ludolf possam ter uma visão mais humanizada para acolher uma vítima de violência doméstica. Ademais, que os trabalhadores capacitados sejam agentes multiplicadores do conhecimento, a fim de contribuir com a diminuição do número de casos de violência contra a mulher e com a qualificação profissional de outros trabalhadores da saúde de Mesquita. Esta proposta, através da educação permanente, poderá fomentar uma abordagem mais qualificada à saúde da mulher, com ênfase nos cuidados às mulheres vítimas de violência.
Contação de histórias: ferramenta de promoção de alimentação saudável em uma creche pública
Authors: Brito Andrea Nunes Mendes de , Santos Raksandra Mendes dos , Bandeira Hilda Maria Martins , Lopes Maria do Socorro Leal
Published: November 2019

A contação de histórias é uma ferramenta de ensino-aprendizagem importante para o desenvolvimento infantil, pois estimula a imaginação das crianças e favorece o desenvolvimento social. Este trabalho objetiva relatar as contribuições de uma experiência de contação de histórias sobre alimentação saudável, realizada no ensino infantil de Teresina, Piaui. Trata-se de um relato de experiência de ações desenvolvidas com alunos de dois a três anos de idade, de uma creche municipal localizada em Teresina. A ação desenvolvida integra o projeto de extensão “EducaMonte: Aproximando saúde e escola” desenvolvido pela Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde da Família e Comunidade da Universidade Estadual do Piauí-UESPI. A partir do conto original, realizou-se a releitura da narrativa de “João e Maria” dos irmãos Grimm, utilizando técnicas de contação de histórias e recursos auxiliares. A atividade foi organizada em etapas: escolha dos recursos (dramatização), caracterização dos personagens, construção do cenário e apresentação do reconto “João e Maria e Alimentação Saudável” bem como a discussão com as crianças sobre a importância da alimentação saudável. Dessa maneira, evidencia-se a contação de história como importante ferramenta pedagógica e que, apesar de parecer intuitivo seu modo de fazer, dispõe de todo um arcabouço teórico e prático para orientar seu desenvolvimento adequado.
Aspectos socioespaciais de área de interesse social: estudo de caso na cidade de São Miguel, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil
Authors: Lima Daniela de Freitas , Junior Almir Mariano de Sousa
Published: November 2019

O crescimento acelerado das cidades brasileiras no século XX não teve o mesmo ritmo de planejamento e ordenamento territorial, o que desencadeou problemas de ordem urbana, tais como a irregularidade fundiária. Esta informalidade incide prejuízos de ordem social, urbanística, social e jurídica, especialmente quando se trata de áreas ocupadas pela população com menores recursos, uma vez que estas geralmente possuem configurações mais fragilizadas. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as características socioespaciais do núcleo Urbano de Interesse Social Tôta Barbosa submetido à regularização fundiária no ano de 2018, de modo a discutir as particularidades de áreas classificadas nesta categoria. Esta pesquisa tem caráter qualitativo, caracteriza-se como descritiva exploratória e utiliza do estudo de caso, adotando como procedimentos metodológicos o acompanhamento das atividades e acesso ao banco de dados produzido pelo Programa Acesso à Terra Urbanizada entre os anos de 2015 e 2018, a realização entrevistas com moradores do Tôta Barbosa e a execução de visitas in loco. Constatou-se que o núcleo urbano Tôta Barbosa apresenta uma linearidade na formação de quadras e a padronização das dimensões das ruas; possui equipamentos públicos urbanos;, a ocupação é predominantemente para fins habitacionais; a infraestrutura básica contempla fragilidades de escoamento das águas pluviais, abastecimento de água potável, esgotamento sanitário e vias de circulação; em se tratando de renda, esta área apresenta maior vulnerabilidade de rendimento do que os índices municipais e as áreas irregulares a nível nacional. Esses aspectos sugerem a adoção de prioridade de direcionamento de programas de melhorias habitacionais e assistência social.
The characteristic of agarose extraction from dimethyl sulfide and isopropanol
Authors: Rumiyati Sri , Hidayat Nur , Kumalaningsih Sri
Published: November 2019

Introduction. This study aimed to obtain agarose product with market standard quality which could be applied for electrophoresis. Methods. The material used in agarose extraction process was dried agar – agar bar extracted using dimethyl sulfide and soaked in isopropanol solution with 85%, 90%, and 95% of isopropanol concentration. The parameter which observed in this study was consisted of yield, water content, sulfate content, ash content, gel strength and electrophoresis gel. Results. The average score of agarose yield using different concentrations of isopropanol (IPA) was around 46.76% - 57.53% with the lowest yield of 46.76% and the highest yield of 57.53%. Meanwhile the average water content ranged from 18.32% to 18.64%. The average ash content was around 0.15% - 0.16% and the average sulfate content was 0.14% - 0.15%. The average strength of a 1% gel prepared in isopropanol was 1170 – 1183.33 gr/cm2. Best IPA concentration to soak agarose extract was on 95% concentration, with market standard characteristic as 57.54% of yield, 18.35% of water content, 0.14% of sulfate content, 0.15% of ash content and 1183.33 of gel strength. Conclusions.The application of electrophoresis of agarose gel showed that the bands of large molecular DNA fragment could not separate. Partially hydrolyzed protein samples had higher protein content, lighter color, and lower degree of denaturation and better functional properties compared to the traditional protein isolates.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR DRIBBLING SEPAKBOLA DENGAN PENGGUNAAN MEDIA AUDIO VISUAL
Authors: Taufik Muhamad Syamsul , Gaos Muhamad Guntur
Published: November 2019

Tujuan penelitian Action research ini adalah untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar dribbling  pada mata pelajaran sepakbola melalui media audio visual untuk pendidikan jasmani. Selain itu, penelitian dilakukan untuk memperoleh informasi tentang, penerapan Media Audio Visual untuk siswa Kelas XI Sekolah Menengah Atas. Penelitian Action Research ini menggunakan pendekatan Kualitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI SMA PGRI Ciawi Kabupaten Bogor. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan enam belas kali pertemuan terdiri dari dua siklus, setiap siklus delapan kali pertemuan. Pada hasil test pembelajaran sebelumnya (pre test) memperoleh 36,6% dari kriteria yang diharapkan. Sedangkan tingkat keefektifitasan Hasil belajar siswa pada siklus I nilai rata-rata kelas pembelajaran gerak dribbling adalah 74,7 dengan persentase ketuntasan 66,7% dengan siswa yang lulus 20 0rang dan rata-rata kelas pada hasil belajar siswa pada siklus II adalah 80,7 dengan persentase kelulusan 83,3% dengan siswa yang lulus 25 artinya mengalami peningkatan sebesar 46,7%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa : (1) dengan penerapan penggunaan media audio visual dalam pembelajaran dribbling  meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa (2), para siswa lebih serius, dan lebih semangat proses pembelajaran.
Parabens and Their Relation to Obesity
Authors: KOLATOROVA L. , SRAMKOVA M. , VITKU J. , VCELAK J. , LISCHKOVA O. , STARKA L. , DUSKOVA M.
Published: November 2019

Parabens are a group of chemicals used as preservatives in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. They are known to possess estrogenic effects, and therefore have been classified as endocrine disruptors. In addition to the classical endocrine organs, other tissues have endocrine activity, including adipose tissue. Several chemicals are known to cause obesogenic effects, and parabens are currently being studied in this context. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible connections of paraben exposure and obesity. Blood plasma from 27 healthy women was collected during their menstrual cycle. Basal anthropometric measures, levels of parabens (methylparaben, ethylparaben and propylparaben), adipokines (adiponectin, adipsin, leptin, resistin and visfatin) and hormones affecting energy balance and metabolic health (c-peptide, ghreline, GIP, GLP-1, glucagon, insulin, PAI-1) were measured. A Kolmogorov-Smirnov test showed higher methylparaben and propylparaben levels in women with BMI 25-34.9 compared to those with BMI 18.5-24.9. Plasma levels of methylparaben as well as the sum of parabens were positively associated with the plasma adipsin levels. Negative associations for methylparaben were found for glucagon, leptin and PAI-1. In accordance with other experimental studies we observed important associations of methylparaben and hormones affecting energy balance and metabolic health, indicating its obesogenic potential.
Endocrine Disruptors of the Bisphenol and Paraben Families and Bone Metabolism
Authors: VITKU J. , KOLATOROVA L. , FRANEKOVA L. , BLAHOS J. , SIMKOVA M. , DUSKOVA M. , SKODOVA T, , STARKA L.
Published: November 2019

After menopause, when estrogen levels decrease, there is room for the activity of anthropogenic substances with estrogenic properties – endocrine disruptors (EDs) – that can interfere with bone remodeling and changes in calcium-phosphate metabolism. Selected unconjugated EDs of the bisphenol group – BPA, BPS, BPF, BPAF, and the paraben family – methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, butyl-, and benzyl-parabens – were measured by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in the plasma of 24 postmenopausal women. Parameters of calcium-phosphate metabolism and bone mineral density were assessed. Osteoporosis was classified in 14 women, and 10 women were put into the control group. The impact of EDs on calcium-phosphate metabolism was evaluated by multiple linear regressions. In women with osteoporosis, concentrations of BPA ranged from the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) – 104 pg/ml and methyl paraben (MP) from LLOQ – 1120 pg/ml. The alternative bisphenols BPS, BPF and BPAF were all under the LLOQ. Except for MP, no further parabens were detected in the majority of samples. The multiple linear regression model found a positive association of BPA (β=0.07, p<0.05) on calcium (Ca) concentrations. Furthermore, MP (β=-0.232, p<0.05) was negatively associated with C-terminal telopeptide. These preliminary results suggest that these EDs may have effects on calcium-phosphate metabolism.
Impaired Vitamin D Sensitivity
Authors: MÁČOVÁ L. , BIČÍKOVÁ M. , HAMPL R.
Published: November 2019

Resistance to vitamin D has been known for decades as vitamin D resistant rickets, caused by mutations of the gene encoding for vitamin D receptor (VDR). Findings of extra-skeletal effects of vitamin D and learning of the molecular mechanisms used by its biologically active metabolite calcitriol revealed other ways leading to its impaired sensitivity. Calcitriol takes advantage of both genomic and non-genomic mechanisms through its binding to vitamin D receptor, located not only in the cell nuclei but also in a perinuclear space. On the genomic level the complex of calcitriol bound to VDR binds to the DNA responsive elements of the controlled gene in concert with another nuclear receptor, retinoid X receptor, and expression of the VDR itself is controlled by its own ligand. These elements were found not only in the promotor region, but are scattered over the gene DNA. The gene expression includes a number of nuclear transcription factors which interact with the responsive elements and with each other and learning how they operate would further contribute to revealing causes of the impaired vitamin D sensitivity. Finally, the examples of major disorders are provided, associated with impairment of the vitamin D function and its receptor.
Serum and Intratesticular Sex Steroids in Azoospermic Men: How Do They Correlate?
Authors: HERÁČEK J. , SOBOTKA V. , KOLÁTOROVÁ L. , KOČÁREK J. , HAMPL R.
Published: November 2019

Five intratesticular sex steroids (testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, androstenedione, estradiol and epitestosterone) along with six serum hormones (LH, FSH, prolactin, SHBG, testosterone and estradiol) were determined in 84 non-obstructive azoospermic men, in order to evaluate to what extent serum and testicular tissue as well as individual hormones in the same material mutually correlate. With exception of androstenedione, tight correlations were found among tissue content of sex steroids, while only weak correlation was recorded between serum and testicular concentrations of major sex steroids testosterone and estradiol. It points to importance of measurement of intratesticular steroids in combination with examination of sperm parameters for assessment of testicular function and spermatogenesis.
Physiological Changes After Spa Treatment – a Focus on Endocrinology
Authors: BICIKOVA M. , MACOVA L. , KOLATOROVA L. , HILL M. , NOVOTNY J. , JANDOVA D. , STARKA L.
Published: November 2019

The paper presents the results of our effort to reveal objective parameters for evaluation of the spa treatment for patients with anxiety-depressive disorders. The study was based on our previous experience with neuroactive steroids and neurosteroids, which play a crucial role in the psychological well-being of patients by maintaining balance of the organism. A total number of 94 steroids were determinated in a group of 70 female patients diagnosed with anxiety-depressive disorders. Patients underwent a month spa treatment while maintaining unchanged medication dosing with SSRI (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors). The other investigated factors contributing to improving the health of treated subjects were amino-acid homocysteine and serotonin. The blood samples were collected at the beginning and the end of the spa treatment. Serotonin in all patients increased by a relative 23 % (results given as relative differences in percent), while homocysteine decreased by 17.1 %. Statistically significant increases were found in 21 steroids, which indicate activation of the adrenal cortex. It can be assumed, that the overall improvement in the mental condition of patients, which was proved by questionnaire from Knobloch and Hausner, the increase in immune suppressive substances and anti-autoimmune responses, will maintain for a longer time after the spa treatment.
Expression Profiling of Nme7 Interactome in Experimental Models of Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: ŠEDOVÁ L. , ŠKOLNÍKOVÁ E. , HODÚLOVÁ M. , VČELÁK J. , ŠEDA O. , BENDLOVÁ B.
Published: November 2019

Nucleoside diphosphate kinase 7, non-metastatic cells 7 (NME7) is an acknowledged member of ciliome and is involved in the biogenesis or function of cilia. As obesity and diabetes are common in several ciliopathies, we aimed to analyze changes of gene expression within Nme7 interactome in genetically designed rat models of metabolic syndrome. We assessed the liver transcriptome by Affymetrix microarrays in adult males of 14 PXO recombinant inbred rat strains and their two progenitor strains, SHR-Lx and BXH2. In the strains with the lowest expression of Nme7, we have identified significant enrichment of transcripts belonging to Nme7 interactome. In the subsequent network analysis, we have identified three major upstream regulators – Hnf4a, Ppara and Nr1h4 and liver steatosis (p=0.0001) and liver necrosis/cell death (apoptosis of liver cells, p=0.0003) among the most enriched Tox categories. The mechanistic network reaching the top score showed substantial overlap with Assembly of non-motile cilium and Glucose metabolism disorder gene lists. In summary, we show in a genetic model of metabolic syndrome that rat strains with the lowest expression of Nme7 present gene expression shifts of Nme7 interactome that are perturbing networks relevant for carbohydrate and lipid metabolism as well as ciliogenesis.
May Circulating Steroids Reveal a Predisposition to Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy in Non-Pregnant Women?
Authors: ŠIMJÁK P. , HILL M. , PAŘÍZEK A. , VÍTEK L. , VELÍKOVÁ M. , DUŠKOVÁ M. , KANCHEVA R. , BULANT J. , KOUCKÝ M. , KOKRDOVÁ Z. , ADAMCOVÁ K. , ČERNÝ A. , HÁJEK Z. , STÁRKA L.
Published: November 2019

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a frequent liver disorder, mostly occurring in the third trimester. ICP is not harmful to the mothers but threatens the fetus. The authors evaluated steroid alterations in maternal and mixed umbilical blood to elucidate their role in the ICP development. Ten women with ICP were included in the study. Steroids in the maternal blood were measured by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) (n=58) and RIA (n=5) at the diagnosis of ICP, labor, day 5 postpartum, week 3 postpartum and week 6 postpartum. The results were evaluated by ANOVA consisting of the subject factor, between subject factors ICP, gestational age at the diagnosis of ICP and gestational age at labor, within-subject factor Stage and ICP × Stage interaction. The 17 controls were firstly examined in the week 36 of gestation. ICP patients showed reduced CYP17A1 activity in the C17,20 lyase step thus shifting the balance between the toxic conjugated pregnanediols and harmless sulfated 5α/β-reduced-17-oxo C19 steroids. Hence, more toxic metabolites originating in maternal liver from the placental pregnanes may penetrate backward to the fetal circulation. As these alterations persist in puerperium, the circulating steroids could be potentially used for predicting the predisposition to ICP even before next pregnancy.
Faded Ink: The Material Trace of Handwriting in Neo-Victorian Fiction
Authors: Brindle Kym
Published: November 2019

Neo-Victorian novelists reimagine handwritten documents to feed contemporary nostalgia for the materiality of handwriting. Handwriting signifies the personal and the private in ways that seem threatened in a digital age. Writers like Andrea Barrett, A. S. Byatt, and Peter Carey map material pathways to the nineteenth century with fictional characters who strive to possess the written past. Archival fantasies are simulated by novelists depicting writing processes and subsequent discovery and rereading of the handwritten trace by later generations. Imagined scenes of reading and writing describe tactile traces of handwriting that stage possession of the Victorian body in fragmented and partially recoverable states. Resurrection of the desired Victorian body through a metonymical relationship of hand/handwriting evokes a sense of a partial past recovered and experienced. Part of the aestheticism of the past relies on the aura of documents worn to a trace to evidence time and decay. Discovering the handwritten trace in this way becomes a sensory experience for readers and descriptions of decayed materiality emphasise survival for imagined fragments. Contemporary writing thus reveals a dual purpose to aestheticise the material past whilst demonstrating a postmodern drive to refute closure and ultimately celebrate the indeterminate facets of the handwritten trace.
What Makes It Neo-Victorian?: The Handmaiden and the Double Internalisation of Cultural Colonisation
Authors: Suwa Akira
Published: November 2019

This article investigates the way in which The Handmaiden (2017), a South-Korean adaptation of Sarah Waters's Fingersmith (2002), provides a way of considering neo-Victorian adaptation in the globalised context. Although set in Korea under Japanese colonial rule in the 1930s, the film indirectly refers in the background to traces of Victorian Britain. Replacing Fingersmith's class conflict with the cultural conflict between Japan and Korea, The Handmaiden represents the intricate process of cultural colonisation. Korean society in the 1930s is depicted in the film as doubly indebted to Victorian British and Japanese culture, for Japan modernised the country through absorbing Western culture in the late nineteenth century. The influence of Victorian Britain, a looming presence in the background of The Handmaiden, reveals how Victorian culture resonates in a country distant from Britain in a different time period. The Handmaiden serves to globalise the definition of the term ‘(neo)Victorian’ by shedding light on the influence of Victorian Britain in the Korean society of the 1930s. The Handmaiden's unique way of bringing together Victorian Britain and the regional politics of 1930s Northeast Asia serves to widen the range of neo-Victorian imaginations.
UNIFIKASI DAN KODIFIKASI TERHADAP JUAL-BELIDALAM PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL
Authors: - Ukas , Husna Lenny
Published: November 2019

Dalam globalisasi, perdagangan internasional merupakan suatu kenyataan bahwa kehidupan aktivitas ekonomisetiap negara tidak dapat terpisah dari negaralain, apalagi setelah meratifikasi Uruquay Roundpada tahun 1994. Bahkan masyarakat suatu negara tertentu,mau tidak mau akan berhubungan  dengan masyarakat negara laindalam menjalankan kegiatan jual belinya. Halini menjadi semakin penting dengan adanya saling ketergantungan antara negara maupun masyarakatnya dengan negaralain ataupun masyarakat lain dalam rangka memenuhi kebutuhan hidup mereka sehari-hari.Jual beli barangatau produk internasionalhampir tidak bisa dihindari lagi oleh pelaku ekonomidalam hal transaksi barang/produk disuatu negara. Masalah dikemudian hari mengenai jual-beli internasional ini karena melibatkan berbagai unsur, antara lain adalah sistem ekonomi masing–masing negara, kebijakan ekonomi dan politiksuatu negara, dan yang paling banyak mendapatkan perhatian diantara kalangan ilmuwan juga kemungkinan adanya perbedaan budaya dan kebiasaan masing-masing dari sistem hukum yang berbeda di suatu negara tersebut.
¿Cómo funciona la terapia narrativa? Una revisión de la investigación de procesos y procesos-resultados
Authors: Moggia Danilo
Published: November 2019

El presente artículo es una revisión narrativa que sintetiza las principales investigaciones publicadas sobre procesos y procesos-resultados sobre terapia narrativa (TN). En primer lugar, se revisa brevemente la investigación de resultados que hay sobre la TN buscando responder a la pregunta si la TN funciona. En segundo lugar, se revisan las principales investigaciones de procesos y procesos-resultados profundizando en dos programas de investigación: los Momentos Innovadores y la Colaboración Terapéutica. Por último, se extraen conclusiones acerca de cómo funciona la TN a partir de las investigaciones expuestas.
Blended Filter-Based Detection for Thruster Valve Failure and Control Recovery Evaluation for RLV
Authors: Sun Hongqiang , Zhang Shuguang
Published: November 2019

Security enhancement and cost reduction have become crucial goals for second-generation reusable launch vehicles (RLV). The thruster is an important actuator for an RLV, and its control normally requires a valve capable of high-frequency operation, which may lead to excessive wear or failure of the thruster valve. This paper aims at developing a thruster fault detection method that can deal with the thruster fault caused by the failure of the thruster valve and play an emergency role in the cases of hardware sensor failure. Firstly, the failure mechanism of the thruster was analyzed and modeled. Then, thruster fault detection was employed by introducing an angular velocity signal, using a blended filter, and determining an isolation threshold. In addition, to support the redundancy management of the thruster, an evaluation method of the nonlinear model-based numerical control prediction was proposed to evaluate whether the remaining fault-free thruster can track the attitude control response performance under the failure of the thruster valve. The simulation results showed that the method is stable and allowed for the effective detection of thruster faults and timely evaluation of recovery performance.
Organic Management of ‘Maradol’ Papaya (Carica papaya L.) Crops: Effects on the Sensorial and Physicochemical Characteristics of Fruits
Authors: Ruiz-Coutiño Perla , Adriano-Anaya Lourdes , Salvador-Figueroa Miguel , Gálvez-López Didiana , Rosas-Quijano Raymundo , Vázquez-Ovando Alfredo
Published: November 2019

The Maradol Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is a fleshy berry produced in the tropics; it is highly appreciated around the world for its high nutritional and medicinal value, as well as its attractive sensory properties. Evaluating the physiological, chemical, and sensory characteristics of ‘Maradol’ papaya fruits from organically managed crops was the primary objective of this study. Four treatments (T1–T4) were evaluated, all of which were fertilized using the same organic management practices. In addition, plant extracts were applied regularly to T1–T3 as pest control, and single (T2) and double (T1) rows of trap plants (roselle) were used. T4 did not receive additional treatment. Fruits under conventional agriculture outside the experimental site were included for comparative purposes (controls). The organic management of the plants did not negatively influence the physiological traits of postharvest ripening. Among the organic treatments, T1 fruits had the highest total soluble solids, vitamin C, and reducing sugars, as well as the lowest weight loss, which significantly improved the quality of the fruit, compared to conventionally produced fruits. In addition, sensory evaluation performed by trained judges, revealed that fruits from the organically managed plots (T1–T4) were the softest and juiciest, and had a higher score in fruit and papaya aroma, in contrast to the conventionally produced fruits, which turned out to be sour, more astringent, and less soft and juicy. The results show that the exclusively organic management of ‘Maradol’ papaya crops improves several post-harvest traits of the fruits, compared to those that can be purchased commercially and are conventionally grown.
Understanding the Interactions between Biomass, Grain Production and Grain Protein Content in High and Low Protein Wheat Genotypes under Controlled Environments
Authors: Rahimi Eichi Vahid , Okamato Mamoru , Haefele Stephan M. , Jewell Nathaniel , Brien Chris , Garnett Trevor , Langridge Peter
Published: November 2019

Grain protein content (GPC) is a key quality attribute and an important marketing trait in wheat. In the current cropping systems worldwide, GPC is mostly determined by nitrogen (N) fertilizer application. The objectives of this study were to understand the differences in N response between high and low GPC wheat genotypes, and to assess the value of biomass growth analysis to assess the differences in N response. Six wheat genotypes from a range of high to low GPC were grown in low, medium and high N, under glasshouse conditions. This experiment was designed around non-destructive estimation of biomass using a high throughput image-based phenotyping system. Results showed that Spitfire and Mace had higher grain N% than Gazelle and QAL2000, and appeared to demand more N to grow their biomass. Moreover, at low N, Spitfire grew faster and achieved the maximum absolute growth rate earlier than high N-treated plants. High grain N% genotypes seem able to manage grain N reserves by compromising biomass production at low N. This study also indicated the importance of biomass growth analysis to show the differences in the N responsiveness of high and low GPC wheat.
Characterization of Extracellular Vesicles from Cilia and Epithelial Cells of Ductuli Efferentes in a Turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis)
Authors: Tarique Imran , Liu Yifei , Bai Xuebing , Haseeb Abdul , Yang Ping , Huang Yufei , Qu Wenjia , Wu Ruizhi , Vistro Waseem Ali , Chen Quisheng
Published: November 2019

The ductuli efferentes (DE) form a transit passage for the passage of spermatozoa from the rete testis to the epididymis. After spermiation, various epithelial secretory proteins are transferred via extracellular vesicles (EVs) to the spermatozoa for their maturation and long-term viability. The aim of the present study was to investigate the distribution, classification, and source of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) and their EVs in the epithelia of the efferentes duct in a turtle species, the soft-shelled freshwater turtle Pelodiscus sinensis by using light and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that CD63 as a classical exosome marker was strongly immunolocalized within the apical and lateral cytoplasm of the ciliated cells (CC) and moderate to weak in the non-ciliated cells (NCC) of DE. The ultrastructure revealed that early endosome was present at the basement membrane and perinuclear cytoplasm of both CC and NCC, whereas MVBs were located over the nucleus in the cytoplasm of NCC and adjacent to the basal bodies of cilia within the CC. Many EVs, as sources of MVBs, were located within the blebs that were attached to the cilia of CC, within the apical blebs from NCC, and the lateral spaces of CC and NCC. There was ultrastructure evidence of EVs associated with spermatozoa in the lumens of DE. Collectively, the present study provides cytological evidence that the DE epithelium secreted EVs to the lumen by (1) apical blebs, (2) ciliary blebs, and (3) from the basolateral region. These EVs were associated with spermatozoa in the DE lumen of this turtle. Characterization and cellular distribution of these EVs in the DE of a turtle may provide a study model to further investigate the transferring of micromolecules via EVs to the spermatozoa.
Effects of Geographic Region on the Composition of Bactrian Camel Milk in Mongolia
Authors: He Jing , Xiao Yuchen , Orgoldol Khongorzul , Ming Liang , Yi Li , Ji Rimutu
Published: November 2019

Camel milk is considered as an essential source of nutrition for desert people. However, few studies have investigated how geography affects Bactrian camel milk in Mongolia. In this study, we evaluated the differences in gross composition, fatty acid composition, and amino acid composition among Bactrian camel milk samples collected from 102 Bactrian camels in five different Mongolian regions. The proportion of long-chain fatty acids, out of total fatty acids, was high in all samples of Bactrian camel milk. The primary fatty acids detected in the samples were palmitic acid (23.99–30.72%), oleic acid (17.21–24.24%), and stearic acid (11.13–16.49%), while the dominant amino acids were leucine, lysine, valine, and aspartic acid. Cysteine was the least common amino acid detected in the Bactrian camel milk samples. Considerable differences in the fatty acid and amino acid compositions were observed among Bactrian camel milk from different regions of Mongolia. The findings suggest that geography strongly affects the composition of camel milk.
Effects of the Methionine Hydroxyl Analogue Chelate Zinc on Antioxidant Capacity and Liver Metabolism Using 1H-NMR-Based Metabolomics in Aged Laying Hens
Authors: Qi Xi , Ma Shuxue , Liu Xing , Wang Yamin , Liu Yinglu , Gao Yupeng , Min Yuna
Published: November 2019

This study aimed to investigate the effects of different levels of methionine hydroxyl analogue chelated zinc (MHA-Zn) on antioxidant capacity and liver metabolism of aged laying hens. A total of 960 57-week-old layers were fed a basal diet (Zn: 35.08 mg/kg) without extra zinc for two weeks, and then allocated to four treatments consisting of eight replicates of 30 birds each for 14 weeks. Four levels of Zn (zinc sulfate (ZnSO4): 80 mg/kg; MHA-Zn: 20, 40, 80 mg/kg) were added to the diet. The results indicated that compared with inorganic zinc, organic zinc of 80 mg/kg has a significant advantage in improving the antioxidant capacity of aged hens, which increased the level of Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in the serum and liver, and reduced the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) of laying hens. The serum albumen composition was significantly modified, meanwhile, the level of total protein, globulin, and urea increased remarkably, whereas serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase decreased notably in 80 mg/kg MHA-Zn groups. Compared with the 20 mg/kg MHA-Zn group, the metabolic profile of 40 and 80 mg/kg MHA-Zn groups was higher than that of the inorganic zinc group. Furthermore, integrated key metabolic pathway analysis showed that 40 and 80 mg/kg MHA-Zn groups participated in the regulation of glutathione metabolism, glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism. Therefore, this study suggests that 40 and 80 mg/kg supplementation of MHA-Zn can increase the activity of Cu/Zn-SOD and T-AOC and decrease MDA; additionally the 80 mg/kg MHA-Zn group has better antioxidant capacity. Meanwhile, the enhanced MHA-Zn promoted methionine (Met) synthesis and protein metabolism.
Pasture Access Affects Behavioral Indicators of Wellbeing in Dairy Cows
Authors: Crump Andrew , Jenkins Kirsty , Bethell Emily J. , Ferris Conrad P. , Arnott Gareth
Published: November 2019

Dairy cows are increasingly housed indoors, either year-round or for long stretches over the winter and around parturition. This may create health and welfare issues. In cattle, lying and walking are highly motivated, and herds synchronize lying behavior when they have comfortable surfaces and little competition for space. Lying and walking activity can, therefore, indicate good welfare. Using a repeated measures crossover design, we gave 29 Holstein–Friesian dairy cows 18 days of overnight pasture access (PAS treatment) and 18 days of indoor housing (PEN treatment). Accelerometers recorded their lying and locomotory behavior. We measured behavioral synchrony with Fleiss’ Kappa and analyzed the accelerometry data using linear mixed models. Compared to the PEN treatment, the PAS treatment had longer overnight lying durations (χ21 = 27.51, p < 0.001), fewer lying bouts (χ21 = 22.53, p < 0.001), longer lying bouts (χ21 = 25.53, p < 0.001), and fewer transitions up or down (χ21 = 16.83, p < 0.001). Herd lying behavior was also more synchronous at pasture (χ21 = 230.25, p < 0.001). In addition, nightly step counts were higher in the PAS treatment than the PEN treatment (χ21 = 2946.31, p < 0.001). These results suggest pasture access improves dairy cow welfare by increasing comfort, reducing competition and boredom, and facilitating motivated behavior.
Rumen In Vitro Fermentation and In Situ Degradation Kinetics of Winter Forage Brassicas Crops
Authors: Daza José , Benavides Daniel , Pulido Rubén , Balocchi Oscar , Bertrand Annick , Keim Juan
Published: November 2019

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the nutritional value, the rumen in vitro fermentation, and the in situ degradation of Brassica oleracea (L.) ssp. acephala (kales) and Brassica napus (L.) ssp. napobrassica (swedes) for winter use. Five varieties of each brassica were used in three field replicates and were randomized in a complete block nested design. All forage varieties were harvested at 210 days post-sowing to analyze the chemical composition, in vitro gas production, volatile fatty acid (VFA) production and in situ dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) degradability. Kales presented higher DM and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content (p < 0.01), whereas swedes showed higher CP, metabolizable energy (ME), glucose, fructose, total sugars, NFC, and nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) content (p < 0.01). The kale and swede varieties differed in their CP and sugar concentrations, whereas the kale varieties differed in their DM and raffinose content. The rates of gas production were higher for swedes than for kales (p < 0.01). No differences between the brassica species (p > 0.05) were observed in the total VFA production, whereas kales had a higher proportion of acetate and swedes had higher proportions of butyrate (p < 0.05). Only the swede varieties showed differences in VFA production (p < 0.05). The soluble fraction “a”, potential and effective in situ DM degradability were higher in swedes (p < 0.01), but kales presented greater DM and CP degradation rates. Differences were observed between brassica species in the chemical composition, degradation kinetics, and ruminal fermentation products, whereas differences among varieties within species were less frequent but need to be considered.
The Effects of Decreasing Dietary Crude Protein on the Growth Performance, Feed Efficiency and Meat Quality of Finishing Charolais Bulls
Authors: Cortese Martina , Segato Severino , Andrighetto Igino , Ughelini Nicola , Chinello Maria , Schiavon Eliana , Marchesini Giorgio
Published: November 2019

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of decreasing dietary crude protein (CP) on the performance of finishing Charolais bulls in the Italian rearing system. Animals were fed two diets, differing only in the CP level (low protein (LP), 13.5% CP versus control (CON), 15.0% CP). Dry matter (DM) intake (DMI) and animals’ weights were recorded to obtain average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion rate (FCR). Feed and fecal samples were collected to evaluate digestibility of diet components. Daily cost of the ration (DRC), feed cost per kg of daily weight gain (CDG) and daily gross margin (DGM) were calculated to analyze the possible benefits of decreasing the protein level. Meat quality analyses were also conducted. Higher DMI (10.6 versus 10 kg/d; p < 0.05) and ADG (1.47 versus 1.36 kg/d; p < 0.05) were observed for CON. No differences in FCR or digestibility were found. Even if the DRC was lower (p < 0.05) for the LP diet (2.26 versus 1.97 €; CON versus LP), no difference was reported for CDG and DGM. Meat lightness and redness were significantly lower and higher in the LP, respectively. To conclude, the CP requirement in these rearing conditions appeared to be higher than 13.5%.