bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An objective analysis scheme for relative humidity
Authors: BEGUM ZN , BANSAL RK , DATTA RK
Published: April 2022

The objective analysis of relative humidity is done for the six lowest layers of the atmosphere assuming the atmosphere to be dry above 300 mb.  To augment the upper air radiosonde data, the station surface synoptic observations have been utilized in the analysis of the relative humidity field giving different weights to both the type of observations. A number of empirical humidity vertical profiles have been prepared based on surface observations, current weather conditions and cloud amount and types. Objective analysis using Cressman method has been done for a few days using Monex data to test the utility of surface observations for humidity analysis.
LEISHMANIA: ARTAN HASTA SAYISINA DİKKAT! SALGIN OLABİLİR Mİ?
Authors: ŞANLIDAĞ Gamze , ACET Oğuzhan , ERDEM Hüseyin Aytaç , IŞIKGÖZ TAŞBAKAN Meltem , GÖKENGİN Ayşe Deniz , SİPAHİ Oğuz Reşat , PULLUKÇU Hüsnü
Published: April 2022

Leishmania spp., dişi tatarcıklar (Phlebotomus) ile insanlara bulaşan zorunlu hücre içi parazitleridir. Kutanöz layşmanyazis (KL) ve visseral layşmanyazis (VL) olmak üzere iki ana klinik formu bulunmaktadır. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) tarafından ihmal edilen tropikal hastalıklardan biri olan layşmanyazisin her iki formu da ülkemizde endemiktir. Ancak ülkemizdeki son vaka sayıları bilinmemektedir. Vakaların sporadik olarak görüldüğü bir bölgede bulunan kliniğimizde Ocak-Mart 2021 tarihleri arasında üç visseral layşmanyazis, iki kutanöz layşmanyazis tanısı konmuştur. Bildirimi yapılan vaka sayıları ile karşılaştırıldığında artan vaka sayıları dikkat çekmiştir. Vakaların bir kısmı dış merkezde tetkik edilmiş olup layşmanyazis açısından tetkik edilmedikleri görülmüştür. Bu yazıda amaç; ülkemizin layşmanyazis açısından endemik bir bölge olduğunu vurgulamak ve nedeni bilinmeyen ateş olgularında ve uzun süreli lezyonlarda layşmanyazis ayırıcı tanısının da düşünülmesi gerektiğini vurgulamaktadır.
Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat Paired Associated Protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) System and Its Opportunity in Medical Science - A Narrative Review
Authors: Nor Azizah Ab Halim Siti , Nadia Feizal Nurul , Syuhada Ahmad Najmi Ariana , Nadirah Che Omar Ruhil , Haslinda Mohd Hatta Fazleen
Published: April 2022

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat paired associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) is a site-specific genome editing tool that enables scientists to edit or introduce genetic mutation at will. CRISPR-Cas9 consists of two essential key players; a programmable RNA called single guide RNA (sgRNA) and the Cas9 protein which functions as a molecular scissors that does the cutting. Since its discovery, CRISPR-Cas9 has received vast attention due to its simplicity, convenience, and superior precision of use. Its application extends into various fields including the health sciences where it has been used to enhance the understanding of pathogenesis and help in therapeutic intervention. Despite the promising potentials and applications of CRISPR-Cas9, there are several aspects that need to be addressed including the method of delivery, off-target cutting and ethical issues in human germline modification. The purposes of this review are to perform a comprehensive literature search of publications on the CRISPR-Cas9 system and to highlight potential applications of CRISPR-Cas9 in the field of medical sciences. In this present review, we discuss the background of CRISPR-Cas9, its mechanisms of genome modification and its applications in the medical field including its use in the study of animal model production, genetics, multifactorial and complex diseases. In addition, we also discuss the limitations associated with CRISPR-Cas9 application. CRISPR-Cas9 has accelerated medical studies and facillitate the collection of vast amounts of information. However, its limitations should be further studied in order to reap its greatest benefits.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN TENTANG SKABIES DAN PERILAKU KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN DENGAN UPAYA PENCEGAHAN SKABIES PADA SANTRI PUTRA
Authors: Siti Solihat  , Endang
Published: April 2022

Penyakit skabies banyak berjangkit di lingkungan yang padat, lingkungan dengan tingkat kebersihan kurang. Pencegahan Skabies dapat dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan yang dimiliki seseorang terkait skabies dan perilaku kesehatan lingkungan. Oleh karena itu tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan tentang skabies dan perilaku kesehatan lingkungan dengan upaya pencegahan skabies. Desain dalam penelitian ini adalah studi kolerasi dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan cros sectional. .Instrumen penelitian menggunakan lembar kuesioner dengan pengolahan data menggunakan Uji Statistic Chi-square dan Rank Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukan sebagian besar responden memiliki pengetahuan cukup (53,2%), hampir setengahnya memiliki pengetahuan yang baik (36,2%), dan sebagian kecil memiliki pengetahuan kurang (10,6%). Sebagian besar responden memiliki perilaku kesehatan lingkungan positif (57,4%) dan hampir setengahnya memiliki perilaku yang negatif (42,6%). Sebagian besar responden memiliki upaya pencegahan skabies positif (63,8%), dan hampir setengahnya memiliki upaya yang negatif (36,2%). Uji Chi-square menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan ?-value = 0,0001 < (0,05) dan Rank Spearman menunjukan terdapat hubungan yang positif dan siginifikan ?-value = 0,0001 <(0,05). Sehingga H0 ditolak. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengetahuan dan perilaku kesehatan lingkungan dapat mempengaruhi upaya pencegahan. Semakin baik pengetahuan maka perilaku kesehatan lingkungan akan positif dan menimbulkan upaya pencegahan yang positif juga, begitupun sebaliknya. Kata Kunci : Pengetahuan, Skabies, Perilaku Kesehatan Lingkungan, Upaya Pencegahan
Türkiye’de Yetiştiriciliği Yapılan Sofralık, Kurutmalık ve Şaraplık Üzümlerin Üretim Projeksiyonu
Authors: SÜMBÜL Ahmet , YILDIZ Ercan
Published: April 2022

Türkiye, coğrafik konumu, iklimi ve toprak yapısı bakımından bağcılığa son derece elverişli kuşakta yer almaktadır. Eski bağcılık kültürüne sahip olan Türkiye’nin hemen hemen her bölgesinde üzüm üretimi yapılabilmektedir. Üzüm, insan sağlığı ve beslenmesindeki önemi ve değerlendirme şekillerinin çok yönlü oluşu ile üreticiler için diğer meyve türlerine kıyasla daha değerlidir. Bu çalışmada son on yıla ait Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK) verilerine göre, Türkiye’de sofralık, kurutmalık ve şaraplık üzüm üretim alanları ve üretim miktarlarının projeksiyonunun hesaplanması amaçlanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre kurutmalık çekirdeksiz üzüm üretim alanı ve üretim miktarı pozitif yönde bir projeksiyon göstermiştir. Ancak sofralık çekirdekli üzüm, sofralık çekirdeksiz üzüm, kurutmalık çekirdekli üzüm ve şaraplık üzüm grubu negatif yönde bir projeksiyon göstermiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen projeksiyon sonuçları üzerine olumsuz koşullar ile tüketici ve üretici tercihlerinin etkili olduğunu söyleyebiliriz.
Young gamers in the digital wilds
Authors: Sundqvist Pia , Nilsson Rickard
Published: April 2022

This study involves young learners of English as a foreign/second language (L2) in Sweden. The aim is to see whether there is a relation between their online gaming habits on the one hand and L2 English vocabulary knowledge and listening comprehension on the other, and to investigate known words more closely in relation to their gaming preferences. We collected data with the help of a questionnaire, a vocabulary test, and a listening comprehension test, and analyzed data using a mixed method. The results showed positive correlations between gaming frequency and vocabulary knowledge as well as listening comprehension. Playing multiplayer games appeared more common among those who reported playing always, compared with those who played often or rarely. Pedagogical implications are discussed.
The Nexus Between Trade Liberalization and Poverty: A Disaggregated Analysis
Authors: Ul-Haq Jabbar , Wajid Farwa , Visas Hubert , Cheema Ahmed Raza , Abbas Shujaat
Published: April 2022

Decades after trade liberalization, poverty among the developing countries has continued to rise as their economies adjust to fierce and increasing external competition. This study investigates the impact of the 1988 trade reforms on poverty in Pakistan using micro-level data from 1990 to 2005. Using the feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) model in panel setting to address the problem of heteroskedasticity, we explored the impact of trade liberalization on the poverty level in Pakistan. The findings reveal that reductions in import tariffs have increased Pakistan’s level of poverty. Our findings are robust and impervious to different poverty measures (i.e., headcount ratio, poverty gap, and squared poverty gap). Also, it was observed that lagged trade policies are associated with poverty in Pakistan. The rise in poverty may be attributed to the lower participation of the poor in external markets. It is recommended that policymakers enact policies that will encourage poor people to participate in external markets if they wish to benefit from trade liberalization.
Challenges of Education and Employment of Young People: The Case of Kosovo
Authors: Loku Afrim , Loku Nadire
Published: April 2022

The goal of every young person not only in Kosovo but also beyond remains to find a job that would be safe and liked by them. The young years for all young people are rightly considered as one of the most important challenges, as each of these age groups is at the "crossroads" of a weighty decision for his / her future. This time consists of starting/completing the educational process and finding a job. If the young person completes the education cycle and is employed according to the qualification he has completed then this would have a positive impact not only on him but also on society in general. Many young people have difficulty finding a job after finishing school and some of them cannot do it at all or are forced to be a part of the "gray economy". This type of employment has a negative impact not only on workers but also on increasing informality in the country.
Consumo de azúcares libres y sus efectos negativos en la salud
Authors: Jiménez-León Michelle , Ordoñez Araque Roberto
Published: April 2022

El consumo de azúcares es un fenómeno que ha venido incrementándose de manera significativa en el mundo y en nuestro país en particular. Este incremento se ha producido por el desarrollo de la industria alimentaria que pone a disposición una amplia gama de productos procesados con alto contenido de azúcares libres. El objetivo de esta investigación fue investigar los problemas que puede traer el consumo de azúcares libres en la salud humana y el desarrollo de potenciales patologías a largo plazo. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica en las principales bases de datos de artículos relacionados con el área de salud, se fijaron criterios de inclusión para la revisión de la bibliografía, y se obtuvo un total de 48 fuentes para investigar. Los principales resultados encontrados fueron: el peligro en la salud de consumir azúcares libres (fructosa, glucosa, y sacarosa); el consumo de carbohidratos es necesario en una dieta equilibrada, siempre que estos formen parte de la matriz del alimento y no en una forma libre. Las principales patologías que se pueden derivar por el consumo de este tipo de azúcar son: obesidad, diabetes, hipertensión arterial, enfermedades cardiovasculares, hígado graso no alcohólico, incremento de triglicéridos, colesterol LDL, caries y cáncer. El deterioro de la calidad de vida de niños, jóvenes y adultos, así como la inversión que reclaman los sistemas de salud para atender el creciente número de pacientes con enfermedades derivadas del consumo de azúcar, es un problema de salud pública que debe ser atendido de manera urgente.
Visión epistémica de las tecnologías libres
Authors: Reyes Hernández Eilyns Vanessa
Published: April 2022

La propuesta se basa en una sistematización de experiencias con el objetivo de describir la experiencia de los profesores y estudiantes del Programa de Formación de Grado Informática para la Gestión de la Universidad Bolivariana de Venezuela basada en el uso de las Tecnologías Libres desde el año 2019 al 2021 y así develar las dificultades, factores y contradicciones en el uso de las Tecnologías Libres, tomando en cuenta las tecnologías aplicadas en el ámbito educativo universitario. De este modo, la propuesta de sistematización de experiencia está conformada por tres momentos: introducción, lo epistemológico de la experiencia y las categorías iniciales y el recorrido metodológico de la sistematización. Se asume la sistematización como el método que permitirá describir la experiencia, la corriente epistemológica asumida para justificar el método es el Criticismo. La sistematización se orienta en siete pasos siendo: selección, elaboración de la propuesta, descripción, teorización, anacrítica, el informe y difusión. La sistematización se encuentra en la etapa durante, es decir, en la descripción del evento, entre los resultados se considera que la temática de las TIC y SL ha sido abordada por varios autores, pero en el caso de las TL no se ha profundizado su concepto, abordado mediante leyes, decretos y otros documentos que le dan soporte, pero no se perciben aspectos desde lo educativo, existe poca documentación de las experiencias y orientaciones desde las aulas en cuanto a la utilización o no de las TL por parte de los profesores en el desarrollo de sus prácticas educativas.
ANALYSIS OF DEFORMATION AND FORMS OF DESTRUCTION OF COATING-SUBSTRATE SYSTEMS
Authors: Chronowska-Przywara Kinga
Published: April 2022

The paper presents the results of fracture testing of a coating-substrate system subjected to a concentrated contact load and during a scratch test. A diamond indenter with rounding radii in the range 20-500 µm was used under the tests. Systems with CrN coatings in the range of 1 to 5 µm applied to austenitic steel X5CrNi18-10 were analysed. In the paper, the effect of coating thickness on deformation and fracture of the coating and substrate in the load range of 1 and 3 N is analysed. Cohesion and adhesion sites of the coating to the substrate were determined. Optical profilometer images, scanning microscope images, and Micro Combi Tester images – CSM Instruments were used to analyse Lc1, Lc2, and crack locations. It was observed that, as the indenter radius increases, cracks in the coating-substrate system develop at increasing loads. Average critical forces are also higher with indenters of 200–500 µm. In the case of indentation only, with the indenter’s radius of 500 um, it is 750 Nm for the thinnest 1 µm coating and 1750 Nm for the 5.2 µm coating.
CAVITATION EROSION PHENOMENOLOGICAL MODEL OF MCrAlY AND NiCrMoNbTa METALLIC COATINGS DEPOSITED VIA THE HVOF METHOD
Authors: SZALA Mirosław
Published: April 2022

The work describes the phenomenological model of cavitation erosion (CE) elaborated for MCrAlY (where M = Co, Ni or Co/Ni) and NiCrMoNbTa. Coatings were deposited via the HVOF method from CoNiCrAlY, NiCoCrAlY and NiCrMoNbTa feedstock powders. CE tests, conducted according to ASTM G32 standard, indicate that MCrAlYs have a 50% higher maximum erosion rate and twice lower CE resistance than the NiCrMoNbTa coating. CE kinetics of coatings were comparatively studied, combining the mass loss, erosion rate, roughness changes of the eroded surface with microstructure, and mechanical properties of the coatings. Results of SEM analysis of damaged coatings allow identifying the mechanism of CE. In the case of both types of coatings, the erosive damage is initiated at the removal of loose splats, cracking at the border splats and peeling off the coating material, and surface pitting. However, NiCrMoNbTa, due to higher ductility and microstructure homogeneity, presents lesser surface pitting contrary to the MCrAlYs, which have multiphase microstructure higher hardness and consequently was prone to cracking, resulting in the formation of craters and higher surface roughening. The CE mechanism of MCrAlYs was dominated by the brittle mode, while the NiCrMoNbTa coating has mainly a ductile damage behaviour.
Museum Perguruan Tinggi Sebagai Salah Satu Wujud Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat
Authors: Wiyanarti Erlina
Published: April 2022

“...melindungi segenap bangsa Indonesia dan seluruh tumpah darah Indonesia dan untuk memajukan kesejahteraan umum, mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa, dan ikut melaksanakan ketertiban dunia yang berdasarkan kemerdekaan, perdamaian abadi, dan keadilan sosial...”. (Pembukaan UUD 1945 Alinea 4)
IMPACTO DO CUIDADO NUTRICIONAL NA INGESTÃO ALIMENTAR DE PACIENTES INTERNADOS NA UNIDADE DE EMERGÊNCIA
Authors: Lanziani Maria Fernanda Vieira , Gomes Glaucia Morais , Gomes Gabrielly Caroliny de Souza , Azevedo Bianca Depieri Balmant
Published: April 2022

This study aimed to investigate the impact of nutritional care on improving food intake (AI) of patients admitted to an emergency unit. 49 patients admitted to the Emergency Department were evaluated, where nutritional assessment (body mass index and subjective assessment according to age) and AI assessment were performed. Patients with decreased AI were submitted to individualized nutritional intervention. There was a predominance of risk of hospital malnutrition by subjective assessment. It was observed that the reduced AI was caused mainly by the difficulty of chewing and the decrease in appetite. After the nutritional intervention, there was an increase in acceptance of the hospital diet, as well as an increase in the caloric intake. It is concluded that there is a predominance of risk of malnutrition in patients admitted to the Emergency Unit and that low food acceptance is imminent, and nutritional care in these patients can be a simple and effective strategy to overcome this situation.
A RELEVÂNCIA DO TREINAMENTO FUNCIONAL PARA AS CAPACIDADES FÍSICAS, FUNCIONAIS E ASPECTOS DA SAÚDE DE IDOSOS
Authors: Guioti Renan Vinícius , Carvalho Anderson dos Santos , Garcia Júnior Jair Rodrigues , Shigaki Gabriela Blasquez , Silva Leonardo Santos Lopes da , Vilela Júnior Guanis de Barros , Abdalla Pedro Pugliesi
Published: April 2022

There is evidence that Functional training (FT) improves the functional, physical, and health capacities of older adults. However, no review study has grouped this information. The objective was to describe the importance of FT for maintaining and improving functional, physical, and health capacities in older adults. Our study was a narrative review. FT improves the functional (mobility, balance, and basic and instrumental activities of daily living) and physical (increase in strength and muscle mass, decrease in body fat) capacities of older adults. In older adults with chronic diseases, e.g., arterial hypertension, diabetes, and cancer, FT helps as a complementary therapy to improve hemodynamic parameters, metabolic control, and quality of life. This type of physical exercise also acts as a preventive therapy for cardiovascular problems. The FT provides improvements in the physical, functional, and health capacities of older adults. Therefore, FT is an alternative to physical exercise with proven efficiency for health aspects that can be used by Physical Education Professionals.
The Effect of Subsidies on Cultural and Creative Enterprise Performance: Mediating Role of Patents
Authors: Cheng Hua , Yu Yinhong , Zhang Lili , Zhang Zhiying
Published: April 2022

Cultural and creative industries are located at the intersection of art, commerce and science and technology. Therefore, it has become an important industry of a country. Some governments have formulated supportive policies to promote the cultural and creative industries. Subsidy is among the important policy instruments. It is of utmost importance to study the impact of subsidy on innovation and financial performance of cultural and creative enterprises. This paper attempts to examine how subsidy can facilitate innovation and financial performance of cultural and creative enterprises, and compare the mediating role of patent quantity and patent quality between subsidies and financial performance. Based on the panel data of 141 listed cultural and creative enterprises from 2008 to 2017 in China, this paper conducts an empirical study and finds that subsidies promote the financial performance of cultural and creative enterprises. The promotion effect of subsidies on patent quantity is greater than on patent quality, and the effect of patent quality on performance is greater than that of patent quantity. Patents play a mediating role between subsidies and financial performance, but the mediating effect of patent quality is not greater than that of patent quantity. The findings make several theoretical contributions and policy implications.
The Big, Immovable I
Authors: Perry Harrison V. ,   After Dinner Conversation
Published: April 2022

What makes you, you? Why does your mind inhabit your body, instead of that of someone else? In this work of philosophical short story fiction about the mind, and ideas of self, Zach goes to visit his sister, Daphne, who has been incarcerated in a mental hospital. Her mental break came from her obsession with trying to solve the answer to her question, “Why am I, I?” She is obsessed with solving this problem and it has caused her to lose her grip on reality. Zach, her brother, is struggling at work, drinking too much, and also getting confused about the shifting world around him. Drunk, he gets angry at his family members of mental health patients support group and is picked up by the police. While sitting in the jail cell, sobering up, he shares a cell, and a conversation with a philosopher, who is particularly sympathetic to his/ Daphne’s questions about identity and self. It is only during their conversation that Zach begins to suspect he is Daphanie, and that he isn’t in a jail cell at all, but the mental hospital.
Contribution to the investigation of the influence of tire non-uniformity on the lateral tire characteristics
Authors: Žunjić Milena , Demić Miroslav , Rakićević Branislav , Đorđević Branislav
Published: April 2022

Tire models are widely used in research in the field of vehicle dynamics and noise, and especially in the simulation of their movement under the action of forces and moments. In general case, we distinguish theoretical models defined on the basis of tire construction and empirical or semi-empirical models based on experimental tests. In addition, a combination of these two types of models can also produce tire models. In practice, there is a very wide range of mathematical tire models defined using finite element analysis, by approximation of polynomials of different degrees, by approximation of magic formula, etc. In this paper, an attempt is made to calculate non-stationary lateral characteristics of tires on the basis of experimental stationary lateral characteristics, using two-parameter higher level polynomials. This polynomials define the tire lateral characteristics, and take into account their non-uniformity. More specifically, the lateral characteristics are approximated as a function of the dynamic change of the slip angle, radial load due to tire non-uniformity and time.
El sentimiento ecológico y sus reflejos jurídicos en la Unión Europea y en China: retos actuales
Authors: Chediek Juliana Silva Ribeiro Gomes
Published: April 2022

It is impossible to think about effective solutions for the ecological challenges of the last decades without assuming their planetary dimension. To solve them, humanity has been moving towards the development of integrated transnational solutions for global environmental issues. However, the route of cohesion is not always the chosen one. If it is true that we only have one planet, it is also true that we have different ways of inhabiting it. The ways of social apprehension of nature are as numerous as the social groups. This research is based on the sociological premise that understanding in environmental matters will only be achieved through intercultural dialogue, with the understanding that the world contains multiple forms of interpretation. The aim of this work is to analyze the legal repercussions of the different representations of nature based on the European paradigm, specifically in the case of Chinese society, on a multiculturalist vision of the relationship between man and nature. This work addresses the global development of the ecological feeling and its legal consequences, going through the system of protection of the environmental rights in the EU and, in a second part, analyzes the development of the ecological law in China.

Es imposible pensar en soluciones eficaces a los retos ecológicos de las últimas décadas sin asumir su dimensión planetaria. Para resolverlos, la humanidad ha ido avanzando hacia el desarrollo de soluciones transnacionales integradas para los problemas medioambientales globales. Sin embargo, la vía de la cohesión no siempre es la elegida entre los pueblos. Si bien es cierto que tenemos un solo planeta, también lo es que tenemos diferentes formas de habitarlo. Los modos de aprehensión social de la naturaleza son tan numerosos como los grupos sociales. La presente investigación jurídica se basa en la premisa sociológica de que el entendimiento en materia medioambiental sólo se logrará mediante el diálogo intercultural, entendiendo que el mundo comprende múltiples formas de interpretación. El objetivo del trabajo es analizar las repercusiones jurídicas de las diferentes representaciones de la naturaleza frente al paradigma europeo, concretamente en el caso de la sociedad china, partiendo de una visión multiculturalista de la relación entre el hombre y la naturaleza. La obra aborda el desarrollo global del sentimiento ecológico y sus reflejos jurídicos, pasando por el sistema de protección de los derechos ambientales en la UE y, en una segunda parte, analiza el desarrollo del derecho ecológico en China.
Producción, distribución y uso de productos fitosanitarios: un diálogo judicial protector multinivel esforzado por el juez constitucional francés
Authors: Cartier Emmanuel
Published: April 2022

Thanks to the slow but decisive evolution of the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Council combined with that of the Council of State, environmental law is a branch of law to be “seriously taken”, even in the economic sectors most vulnerable to lobbying. Part of this seriousness is due to its growing connection with the right to health (in its public dimension), according to a global holistic vision that the pandemic helped to legitimise. The two decisions of the Constitutional Council discussed here illustrate the mutation of a right that is now at the heart of judges’ concerns as well as of public policies, for example in the field of the regulation of plant protection products, which is the case discussed here.

Gracias a la lenta pero decisiva evolución de la jurisprudencia del Consejo Constitucional combinada con la del Consejo de Estado, el derecho del medioambiente es un derecho que debe "tomarse en serio", incluso en los sectores económicos más propensos a lobbying. Es parte de esta seriedad, su creciente conexión con el derecho a la salud (en su dimensión pública), según una visión holística global que la pandemia contribuyó a legitimar. Las dos decisiones del Consejo Constitucional aquí comentadas ilustran esta mutación de un derecho que ahora está en el centro de las preocupaciones de los jueces, así como de las políticas públicas, como en este caso en el ámbito de la regulación de los productos fitosanitarios.
Tracheostomy with aortic debranching: a case report
Authors: Choi Jin Ho , Lee Haeyoung
Published: April 2022

Percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) is preferred over conventional surgical tracheostomy for prolonged airway protection and mechanical ventilation. However, despite its advantages, severe PDT-related complications have been reported, including catastrophic hemorrhage from common carotid artery laceration and innominate artery pseudo-aneurysm. PDT can typically be applied to the trachea, which is the focal point for the transverse course of great vessels (e.g., the anomalous brachiocephalic trunk, which overlaps with the targeted lesion anteriorly); therefore, to improve patient outcomes, an alternative method using aortic debranching may be considered.
Extraordinarily aggressive cutaneous sarcomatoid squamous cell carcinoma of the face: a case report
Authors: Lee Yunjae , Lee Dongkyu , Yeo Hyeonjung , Park Hannara , Park Hyochun
Published: April 2022

Sarcomatoid squamous cell carcinoma (SSCC), a biphasic malignant tumor consisting of atypical squamous epithelial and mesenchymal elements mixed with epithelioid and spindle cells, is a variant of squamous cell carcinoma. Cutaneous SSCC is very rare and aggressive and has a poor prognosis. Here, we report a case of cutaneous SSCC with satellites and in-transit metastases. A 79-year-old woman presented with a protruding mass on the left temporal area sized 1.2× 1.0 cm. The punch biopsy report indicated keratoacanthoma or well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. The size of the tumor increased to 2.7× 2.0 cm after 8 days. An excisional biopsy was performed with a 2 mm safety margin. The tumor was identified as SSCC with a clear resection margin. Reoperation was performed thrice with an increased safety margin of 10 mm; however, the cancer recurred along with satellites and in-transit metastases. Chemoradiotherapy was administered; however, the size of the tumor increased along with satellites and in-transit metastases. The patient expired 162 days after the initial excision. Complete excision and immediate multidisciplinary approach should be combined during the early stages due to the aggressiveness and poor prognosis of cutaneous SSCC with satellites and in-transit metastasis.
Ruptured pseudoaneurysm of the internal maxillary artery in zygomaticomaxillary fracture: a case report
Authors: Lim Soo Yeon , Lee Hyun Gun , Kim Kyu Nam , Kim Hoon , Oh Dong Hyun , Koh In Chang
Published: April 2022

Post-traumatic pseudoaneurysms of internal maxillary artery are rare, but may be life-threatening. When arterial damage leads to pseudoaneurysm formation, delayed intractable epistaxis can occur. We report our experience with the diagnosis and management of a ruptured internal maxillary arterial pseudoaneurysm that was discovered preoperatively in a patient with a zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fracture. He presented to the emergency room with epistaxis, which ceased shortly, and sinus hemorrhage was observed with a fracture of the posterior maxillary wall. The patient was scheduled for open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of the ZMC fracture. However, immediately before surgery, uncontrolled epistaxis of unknown origin was observed. Angiography indicated a pseudoaneurysm of the posterior superior alveolar artery. Selective endovascular embolization was performed, and hemostasis was achieved. After radiologic intervention, ORIF was successfully implemented without complications. Our case shows that in patients with a posterior maxillary wall fracture, there is a risk of uncontrolled bleeding in the perioperative period that could be caused by pseudoaneurysms, which should be considered even in the absence of typical symptoms.
Perforating patterns of cutaneous perforator vessels in anterolateral thigh flaps for head and neck reconstruction and clinical outcomes
Authors: Lee Sang Soo , Hong Jong Won , Lee Won Jae , Yun In-Sik
Published: April 2022

Background: Anterolateral thigh (ALT) flaps are versatile soft tissue flaps that have become the standard soft-tissue flaps used for head and neck reconstruction. They provide a long vascular pedicle, constant vessel diameter, abundant soft tissue coverage, and minimal donor site morbidity. The ALT flap was initially designed on the basis of a septocutaneous (SC) perforator. However, more recent research has shown that a substantial number of ALT flaps are now based on musculocutaneous (MC) perforators, and the ratio between MC and SC perforators varies among studies. In this study, we analyzed the perforating pattern of ALT flaps along with their clinical outcomes during head and neck reconstruction in the Korean population.Methods: From October 2016 to July 2020, 68 patients who had undergone an ALT flap procedure for head and neck reconstruction were enrolled retrospectively. The perforating pattern of the cutaneous perforator vessel (MC perforator/SC perforator/oblique branch), pedicle length, and flap size were analyzed intraoperatively. Patient demographics and flap necrosis rates were also calculated.Results: The highest number of cutaneous perforator vessels supplying the ALT flap were the MC perforators (87%). The proportion of MC perforators was significantly higher than that of the SC perforators and oblique branches. Flap necrosis occurred in seven cases (11.86%); sex, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, perforator course, and history of radiotherapy did not significantly affect flap necrosis.Conclusion: The ALT free flap procedure remains popular for reconstruction of the head and neck. In this study, we observed that the majority of cutaneous vessels supplying the flaps were MC perforators (87%). When using the MC perforator during flap elevation, careful dissection of the perforator is required to achieve successful ALT flaps because intramuscular dissection is difficult. Perforator pattern and history of radiotherapy did not affect flap necrosis.
The Female Absolute and the Relative Male. The Gender Relations According to Georg Simmel
Authors: Bianco Adele
Published: April 2022

This paper focuses the attention on Simmel’s selected writings on women, love and gender relations. This paper is structured as follows. The first section focuses on the image of woman presented by Simmel. Although his arguments sound “old fashioned”, he gives a positive evaluation of woman. The second section is devoted to the analysis of the gender relations that has led to woman subordination. The third section analyses Simmel's idea of male-female relationships based on the domination/subordination paradigm. The last section shows how Simmel's work devoted to this topic can drive our researches today.
The role of V3 neurons in speed-dependent interlimb coordination during locomotion in mice
Authors: Zhang Han , Shevtsova Natalia A , Deska-Gauthier Dylan , Mackay Colin , Dougherty Kimberly J , Danner Simon M , Zhang Ying , Rybak Ilya A
Published: April 2022

Speed-dependent interlimb coordination allows animals to maintain stable locomotion under different circumstances. The V3 neurons are known to be involved in interlimb coordination. We previously modeled the locomotor spinal circuitry controlling interlimb coordination (Danner et al., 2017). This model included the local V3 neurons that mediate mutual excitation between left and right rhythm generators (RGs). Here, our focus was on V3 neurons involved in ascending long propriospinal interactions (aLPNs). Using retrograde tracing, we revealed a subpopulation of lumbar V3 aLPNs with contralateral cervical projections. V3OFF mice, in which all V3 neurons were silenced, had a significantly reduced maximal locomotor speed, were unable to move using stable trot, gallop, or bound, and predominantly used a lateral-sequence walk. To reproduce this data and understand the functional roles of V3 aLPNs, we extended our previous model by incorporating diagonal V3 aLPNs mediating inputs from each lumbar RG to the contralateral cervical RG. The extended model reproduces our experimental results and suggests that locally projecting V3 neurons, mediating left–right interactions within lumbar and cervical cords, promote left–right synchronization necessary for gallop and bound, whereas the V3 aLPNs promote synchronization between diagonal fore and hind RGs necessary for trot. The model proposes the organization of spinal circuits available for future experimental testing.
A benchmarking program to support software process improvement adaptation in a developing country, a Pakistan case
Authors: Hani Umema , Khan Khalid , Amjad Usman , Zaman Jhanjhi Noor , Latif Ayub , Zia Saood
Published: April 2022

Background

Standardization of software development processes using the software process improvement (SPI) frameworks like capability maturity model integration (CMMI) or the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) are vital for better performance and defect-free delivery of software engineering projects.

Problem

The studies from developing countries show that the organizations are unable to get the desired SPI benefits during early adaptation due to lack of benchmarking initiatives. These initiative needed bridging of the gap between major software engineering fields such as project performance, productivity, and SPI measurement metrics like effort, schedule, cost, productivity, quality, and customer satisfaction.

Method

This research quantifies SPI benefits by bridging the existing gaps and identifying a commonly defined set of 44 significant base metrics related to ESCPQC and applies a conceptual framework over the collected data of 62 projects from three leading software organizations.

Result

The results have quantified the “the introduction of change effect” and showed that the adaptation of SPI has shown SPI benefits like improved quality, customer satisfaction, and effort. In contrast, schedule metrics showed a high reduction at level 3 and again increased at high maturity levels values. The last benefits are communicated following a trustable mechanism.
CALLES COMPLETAS EXPERIENCIA INTERNACIONAL Y APLICABILIDAD EN CHILE
Authors: Echiburú Tomás , Fuenzalida Jorge , Larraín Homero , Mora Rodrigo , Muñoz Juan Carlos , Vecchio Giovanni
Published: April 2022

Este documento aborda el concepto Calles Completas, cómo dicho enfoque ha sido adoptado en Londres y qué aspectos de esta experiencia podrían ser útiles para pensar las calles en Chile desde este paradigma, considerando la información disponible en el país. En tal sentido se propone una reclasificación de calles que integra las ideas de movilidad y espacio público, buscando un balance adecuado considerando las características y rol de cada vía. La estrategia de Calles Completas plantea que las calles deben ser acondicionadas para acoger de manera segura y cómoda las necesidades de todos sus usuarios, privilegiando los grupos y los modos de transporte más vulnerables. Asimismo, esta mirada considera que la función última de la calle no es solo servir para el transporte, sino también como espacio público para el encuentro de las personas
Phytochemical, Pasting and Proximate Composition of Improved Weaning Food
Authors: Izuwa Iwanegbe , Patience Yakubu , Bola Olowo Helen
Published: April 2022

Aim: Phytochemical, proximate, and pasting qualities of weaning food processed from grains, legumes along with vegetables were examined in this study.

Methods: Fermented maize, defatted soybean and carrot powder were combined at different proportions. Phytochemical, pasting, and nutritive composition were evaluated using standard procedures.

Results: The results showed that Flavonoid and tannin were very low, ranging from 2.07 mg/             100 g-0.02 mg/100 g and 2.05 mg/100 g-0.02 mg/100 g respectively. Fermented maize had the least flavonoids (0.02 mg/100 g) and tannin (0.02 mg/100 g). This was followed by carrot, which had flavonoid 0.63 mg/100 g and Tannin 0.63 mg/100 g, the highest was defatted soybean with flavonoid 2.07 mg/100 g and tannin 2.05 mg/100 g in that increasing order. Sample A which was fermented maize, had the highest saponin (21.43%). Next was carrot i.e. sample C (7.51%). The least saponin recorded was in defatted soybean sample B (3.56%). Sample A showed the highest (2208cP) peak viscosity and was followed by B (1473cP), D (903.0cP), C (781.0cP), and E (408cP) in that decreasing order. The breakdown viscosity ranged from 97cP to 923cP. The highest break down viscosity was sample A (923cP), followed by sample B (500cP), sample D sample C (206cP), and sample E (97cP). The highest final viscosity (FV) was observed in sample A (2099cp), next was sample B (1535cp), sample D (1058cp), sample C (936cp), while the least was sample E (522cp). The moisture content ranged from 7.91-11.05%. Sample E had the least moisture (7.91%), next was C (9.45%), A (9.68%), D (10.21%) and B (11.05%) in that increasing order.

Conclusion and Recommendation: It was obvious from this study that fermented maize when used as weaning food increases the starch digestibility as well as the pasting properties of weaning foods. Hence, maize should be fermented before it is used as a weaning food.
Analysis of Relationship among Bmi and Activity of Daily Living in Homecare Individuals
Authors: Rauf Huda , Rasheed Sidra , Raza Ali , Zulfiqar Saba , Jami Muhammad Anas Waheed , Haq Inzamamul
Published: April 2022

Objective: Obesity has been linked to a variety of chronic diseases. Numerous researchers have discovered that having a high BMI is connected with substantial morbidity and mortality in the aged. As a result, obesity or being overweight may have a negative effect on everyday life. The main aim of our current research remained to look at association among BMI and Action of Everyday Living in Homecare Individuals.

Methods: The data for 2019 from Allied Hospital Faisalabad's homecare unit. During this time, 1125 students come to this clinic. Subjects who were unconscious or bedridden (hemiplegia, hemiparesis, and tetra paresis), as well as those with insufficient information, were eliminated from the research. As a result, the study was finished with 260 files including all of information required for our research. Age, ethnicity, BMI, and Barthel Index values have been entered into the statistical analysis software; p0.06 was deemed statistically substantial.

Results: One hundred fifty-one (61.5%) comprised females, while 97 (38.7%) were males. Age and sex, weight, and Disease activity index scores had no strong correlations. Weight and Barthel index scores had a strong positive connection, as did BMI and Barthel index scores (r = 0.196; p = 0.004). The cases remained separated into two sets: Unit I (low weight for height and normal weight) in addition Class Ii (obese and obese) (overweight and obese). Group II had significantly greater capacity to execute Activities of Daily Living than Group I (p = 0.003).

Conclusion: Many researches claim that overweightness protects in contradiction of activities of everyday living, whereas others claim reverse. Quality and outcomes of BMI and Activity of Daily Living abilities were found in our study, indicating protective benefits. The association among BMI and physical impairment has yet to be shown as linear.
The Formation of Mucociliary Insufficiency in the Bronches on the Role of Respiratory Viral Infection
Authors: Ishankulova Dilorom Kamarovna
Published: April 2022

Background: The spectral composition and frequency of viral infections have been studied in frequently and long-term patients with respiratory diseases (PRI), as well as their role in the formation of mucociliary insufficiency. The role of immunosuppressive conditions and mixed infection is emphasized for the occurrence of complications.

Methods: Examined 29 patients with prolonged acute bronchitis (APB); 36 patients with recurrent bronchitis (RB) and 48 patients with chronic bronchitis (CB). The patients underwent general clinical studies according to a single plan adopted in the therapeutic department, as well as virological and immunological studies.

Results: The study of the spectral composition of viral infections in often long-term patients with bronchopulmonary pathology shows a high incidence of active (f = 0.93) and associated viral infections (f = 0.79), which largely determines the nature of the inflammatory process. The pathogenic role of certain viruses, such as influenza A, RS virus, adeno- and coronavirus (f = 0.84; 0.78; 0.77; 0.64), and their associations during the inflammatory process is undoubted. The frequency of respiratory syncytial viral (RS-viral) infection, which is characterized by damage to the deepest parts of the respiratory tract, is high (f = 0.78).

Conclusion: Comparative clinical and virological characteristics of patients made it possible to reveal the undoubted value of persistent in ABZ and RB (f = 0.55; 0.40), as well as chronic in RB (f = 0.15) viral infection, being one of the important causes of recurrent and protracted course of OB, as well as in the formation of altered bronchial reactivity (IRB) in them. A clinical case of a patient with influenza pneumonia is presented.
Development of a New Related Substance by HPLC Method for Vildagliptin for Quantification of Purity
Authors: Charyulu S. Sudharshana , Kumar J. V. Shanmukha
Published: April 2022

Using a simple, quick, precise, and cost-effective approach, a new method for measurement of Vildagliptin in Active Pharma Ingredient (API) besides its relative substance was developed and validated. This method is simple, rapid, exact and cost-effective. With isocratic elution of buffer acetonitrile and methanol in the proportions of (87:10:3 v/v/v), the chromatographic separation was done on an ODS-4 C18 column (3 m 250 4.6 mm) using a 4.6-millimeter ODS-4 C18 column. Using a photodiode array (PDA) detector, we measured the flow rate of one milliliter per minute (ml/min), the column temperature of fifty degrees Celsius, and the detection wavelength of two hundred and ten nanometers (nm). Vildagliptin has a theoretical plate of 8000 and a tailing factor of 1.38, making it one of the most potent drugs available. The approach was validated in compliance with the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requirements. Precision, accuracy, and resilience were all high on the list of desirable characteristics.
Modeling Tests on Lateral and Overturning Resistance according to Pile Arrangement for Wind Turbine Foundation
Authors: Ha Man-woong , Yun Seong-Kyu , Kim Jiseong , Kang Gichun
Published: April 2022

In this study, the lateral resistance and bending moment of a wind turbine foundation reinforced with piles on the bedrock were evaluated through modeling tests considering the cross-sectional size and presence of piles. The lateral resistance of a small foundation (16 m) with piles was found to be 1.84 times greater than that of the existing wind turbine foundation (20 m). After installing eight piles in the wind power turbine foundation, the outer and inner circles were compared, and the lateral resistance at the outer circle with piles was found to be the largest. Moreover, the lateral resistance force was similar for the series, parallel, and diagonal arrangements of six piles. The bending moment increased based on the order of the front, right, and back rows. The maximum bending moment of the pile for the front row was observed at the interface between the wind turbine foundation and rubble bed, while that for the right and back rows was observed at the interface between the rubble layer and bedrock.