bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Host microbiome depletion attenuates biofluid metabolite responses following radiation exposure
Authors: Pannkuk Evan L. , Shuryak Igor , Kot Anika , Yun-Tien Lin Lorreta , Li Heng-Hong , Fornace Albert J.
Published: May 2024

Development of novel biodosimetry assays and medical countermeasures is needed to obtain a level of radiation preparedness in the event of malicious or accidental mass exposures to ionizing radiation (IR). For biodosimetry, metabolic profiling with mass spectrometry (MS) platforms has identified several small molecules in easily accessible biofluids that are promising for dose reconstruction. As our microbiome has profound effects on biofluid metabolite composition, it is of interest how variation in the host microbiome may affect metabolomics based biodosimetry. Here, we ‘knocked out’ the microbiome of male and female C57BL/6 mice (Abx mice) using antibiotics and then irradiated (0, 3, or 8 Gy) them to determine the role of the host microbiome on biofluid radiation signatures (1 and 3 d urine, 3 d serum). Biofluid metabolite levels were compared to a sham and irradiated group of mice with a normal microbiome (Abx-con mice). To compare post-irradiation effects in urine, we calculated the Spearman’s correlation coefficients of metabolite levels with radiation dose. For selected metabolites of interest, we performed more detailed analyses using linear mixed effect models to determine the effects of radiation dose, time, and microbiome depletion. Serum metabolite levels were compared using an ANOVA. Several metabolites were affected after antibiotic administration in the tryptophan and amino acid pathways, sterol hormone, xenobiotic and bile acid pathways (urine) and lipid metabolism (serum), with a post-irradiation attenuative effect observed for Abx mice. In urine, dose×time interactions were supported for a defined radiation metabolite panel (carnitine, hexosamine-valine-isoleucine [Hex-V-I], creatine, citric acid, and Nε,Nε,Nε-trimethyllysine [TML]) and dose for N1-acetylspermidine, which also provided excellent (AUROC ≥ 0.90) to good (AUROC ≥ 0.80) sensitivity and specificity according to the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC) analysis. In serum, a panel consisting of carnitine, citric acid, lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPC) (14:0), LysoPC (20:3), and LysoPC (22:5) also gave excellent to good sensitivity and specificity for identifying post-irradiated individuals at 3 d. Although the microbiome affected the basal levels and/or post-irradiation levels of these metabolites, their utility in dose reconstruction irrespective of microbiome status is encouraging for the use of metabolomics as a novel biodosimetry assay.
Nexus of green energy, financial inclusion, militarization, and environmental sustainability: A global perspective
Authors: Murtaza Muhammad Ramiz , Hongzhong Fan , Magdalena Radulescu , Javed Haseeb , Ileana Sinisi Crenguta
Published: May 2024

This article investigates the dynamic impact of green energy consumption (GE), financial inclusion (FI), and military spending (MS) on environmental sustainability (ES) by utilizing a sample of 121 countries from 2003 to 2022. The dataset is divided into high-income, upper-middle income and low and lower-middle-income countries. We employed a two-step system GMM approach, which was further robust through panel Quantile and Driscoll-Kraay (D-K) regressions. The findings divulged that green energy resources benefit ES at global and all income levels because of having a significant negative impact of 5.9% on ecological footprints. At the same time, FI and MS significantly enhance ecological footprints by 7% and 6.9%, respectively, proving these factors detrimental to ES. Moreover, conflicts (CON), terrorism (TM), institutional quality (IQ), and socioeconomic conditions (SEC) also have a significantly positive association with global ecological footprints and most of the income level groups. Dissimilarly, financial inclusion and armed conflicts have a non-significant influence on ecological footprints in low-income and high-income countries, respectively. Furthermore, institutional quality enhances ES in upper-middle and low and lower-middle-income countries by negatively affecting ecological footprints. At the same time, terrorism significantly reduces ecological footprints in high-income countries. This research also provides the imperative policy inferences to accomplish various SDGs.
Agricultural production and air pollution: An investigation on crop straw fires
Authors: Zhao Kai , Tian Xiaohui , Lai Wangyang , Xu Shuai
Published: May 2024

In numerous developing nations, the pervasive practice of crop residue incineration is a principal contributor to atmospheric contamination in agricultural operations. This study examines the repercussions of such biomass combustion on air quality during the autumnal harvest season, utilizing data acquired from satellite-based remote sensing of fire events and air pollution measurements. Employing wind direction information alongside difference-in-difference and fixed-effects methodologies, this investigation rectifies estimation inaccuracies stemming from the non-random distribution of combustion occurrences. The empirical findings reveal that agricultural residue burning precipitates an elevation in average PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations by approximately 27 and 22 μg/m3 during the autumnal incineration period, respectively. Furthermore, air pollution attributed to residue burning in prominent grain-producing regions exceeds the national average by approximately 40%. By integrating economic paradigms into agri-environmental inquiries, this study offers novel insights and substantiation of the environmental expenditures engendered by crop residue burning, juxtaposed with extant meteorological and ecological research findings.
Investigating the degradation potential of microbial consortia for perfluorooctane sulfonate through a functional "top-down" screening approach
Authors: Liang Yu , Ma Anzhou
Published: May 2024

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is a prominent perfluorinated compound commonly found in the environment, known to pose various risks to human health. However, the removal of PFOS presents significant challenges, primarily due to the limited discovery of bacteria capable of effectively degrading PFOS. Moreover, single degradation bacteria often encounter obstacles in individual cultivation and the breakdown of complex pollutants. In contrast, microbial consortia have shown promise in pollutant degradation. This study employed a continuous enrichment method, combined with multiple co-metabolic substrates, to investigate a microbial consortium with the potential for PFOS degradation. By employing this methodology, we effectively identified a microbial consortium that demonstrated the capacity to reduce PFOS when exposed to an optimal concentration of methanol. The consortium predominantly comprised of Hyphomicrobium species (46.7%) along with unclassified microorganisms (53.0%). Over a duration of 20 days, the PFOS concentration exhibited a notable decrease of 56.7% in comparison to the initial level, while considering the exclusion of adsorption effects. Furthermore, by comparing the predicted metabolic pathways of the microbial consortium with the genome of a known chloromethane-degrading bacterium, Hyphomicrobium sp. MC1, using the KEGG database, we observed distinct variations in the metabolic pathways, suggesting the potential role of the unclassified microorganisms. These findings underscore the potential effectiveness of a "top-down" functional microbial screening approach in the degradation of stubborn pollutants.
Dos tipos de neoformaciones del espacio parafaríngeo, dos ejemplos de abordajes (externo y endoscópico)
Authors: Losada-Campa Juan , Torres-Morientes Luis Miguel , Pastor-Vázquez Juan Francisco , Tamayo-Gómez Eduardo , Alonso-Mesonero Marta , Santos-Pérez Jaime
Published: May 2024

Introducción y objetivo:
El espacio parafaríngeo es un espacio profundo de la cabeza y el cuello de importante dificultad anatómica. Aunque es una región donde se localizan únicamente un 0.5% de los tumores craneocervicales y la mayoría de estos son benignos, presenta gran cantidad de estructuras neurovasculares fundamentales para la vida del paciente, y dado que el tratamiento óptimo de estas neoformaciones es el quirúrgico, es fundamental el estudio y conocimiento de esta área para una correcta atención del paciente.

Método:
Presentamos dos casos de pacientes intervenidos de grandes tumores del espacio parafaríngeo en el servicio de Otorrinolaringología del Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid (HCUV) en los últimos 3 años mediante dos abordajes distintos (abordaje externo y abordaje endoscópico endonasal).

Resultados:
El primer paciente es un varón de 79 años intervenido de una cervicotomía derecha, exéresis de tumoración parafaríngea-cervical y exéresis transoral (TOUSS) de tumor de base de lengua por un carcinoma de células acinares localizado en el espacio parafaríngeo preestíleo derecho. La segunda paciente es una paciente de 42 años intervenida mediante cirugía endoscópica nasosinusal (abordaje transpterigoideo de la fosa infratemporal) por una tumoración que ocupaba las fosas pterigopalatina e infratemporal izquierdas con diagnóstico de schwannoma.

Discusión:
Los abordajes externos han sido clásicamente el tipo de abordaje quirúrgico más utilizado, principalmente por su óptima exposición completa el campo quirúrgico. Sus principales inconvenientes son la gran repercusión sobre la funcionalidad de los tejidos, complicaciones postoperatorias, tiempo quirúrgico y tiempo de ingreso hospitalario como en el caso del primer paciente, que requirió un ingreso de 10 días, dos días de intubación orotraqueal postquirúrgica, rehabilitación y tratamiento complementario postquirúrgico con radioterapia. Los abordajes endoscópicos evitan las cicatrices faciales y tienen postoperatorios más cómodos y menos dolorosos para los pacientes como en el caso de la segunda paciente, con un ingreso de duración de 3 días. Su limitada visibilidad, un menor control de la arteria carótida interna (ACI) en caso de lesión, y la posibilidad de derrame tumoral (adenoma pleomorfo) hacen que los abordajes endoscópicos tengan una aplicación limitada en la actualidad.

Conclusiones:
Las tumoraciones del espacio parafaríngeo son una patología compleja y de difícil tratamiento. Actualmente, la exéresis quirúrgica completa sigue siendo el tratamiento de elección. Debido a que esta zona anatómica es de especial complejidad y presenta una amplia variedad de estructuras neurovasculares relevantes, es fundamental un estudio prequirúrgico arduo de las mismas para evitar complicaciones.
Development potential and prospects of Azerbaijan's food industry
Authors: Sadikhov Shahin
Published: May 2024

Purpose. This study aims to evaluate the development potential of Azerbaijan’s food industry and identify future growth directions. It investigates the effective utilization of this potential and the prospective development of the industry. Methodology. The research employs statistical and comparative analysis, logical conclusion, and balance methods. It assesses the state of the food industry, examines leading enterprises in the field, analyzes the raw material base of production, and scrutinizes the structure and volume of local production and import. Results. The study reveals that despite the significant weight of the food industry among processing industry fields in Azerbaijan, most domestic demand for food products is met by imports. It proposes measures to effectively use the development potential of the food industry, including protecting the internal market, solving water supply issues, establishing meat and milk collection centers, and more. Theoretical Contribution. This research contributes to the understanding of the economic development potential of the food industry in Azerbaijan. It provides a comprehensive analysis of the current state of the industry and offers practical recommendations for future growth. Practical Implications. The findings of this study have practical implications for policymakers, researchers and industry stakeholders. They provide a roadmap for enhancing the competitiveness of Azerbaijan’s food industry, reducing import dependence, and promoting sustainable economic development.
Evaluating the Impact of Professional Development on STEAM Education Competency in the Industrial Revolution 5.0 Era
Authors: Suhendro Eko , Mubin Muhammad Nurul , Saharani Anita
Published: May 2024

This research evaluates the impact of the Teacher Professional Education (PPG) program for Kindergarten educators on their understanding of Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics (STEAM) education in the context of the Industrial Revolution 5.0 and Society 5.0. Utilizing a quantitative approach with a pretest-posttest design, the study involved fifty kindergarten teachers from the PPG Daljab (In-Service Teacher Professional Education) at FITK, UIN Sunan Kalijaga. The assessment of participants, conducted through validated instruments, focused on measuring the enhancement of pedagogical competencies in STEAM before and after the program. Results indicated a notable improvement in the teachers' competencies post-intervention. The statistical analysis, including a paired t-test, showed a significant increase in test scores from the pretest to the post-test with a t-statistic of -53.58 and a p-value of 8.54 x 10^-44, highlighting a highly significant difference and validating the effectiveness of the PPG program in bolstering STEAM educational skills. Further tests for normality and homoscedasticity confirmed the reliability and validity of the data. Despite these positive outcomes, variations in test item reliability suggest the need for ongoing evaluation and refinement of assessment tools. The study underscores the potential of structured professional development programs in enhancing teacher capabilities, particularly in adapting to the demands of modern technological and interdisciplinary educational environments. It recommends further research to explore the long-term effects of such interventions on teacher competencies and to fine-tune the assessment methodologies used. This study contributes to the understanding of effective professional development in preparing educators to integrate and excel in STEAM disciplines, aligning with the educational imperatives of contemporary technological revolutions.
التجديد في علم أصول الفقه
Authors: Hamadameen Othman K.
Published: May 2024

التجديد مصطلح إسلامي، وظاهرة إسلامية، جزء من ثقافةِ وتعليم الرسالة السماوية العالمية التي جاء بها النبـي ، وبهذا فلسفة تطويرية لضمان بقاء الحضارة الإنسانية، لأنها مستقاة من حديث: «إن الله يبعث لهذه الأمة على رأس كلَ مأة سنة مَنْ يُجدّد لها أمر دينها». التجديد في علم أصول الفقه ليس لهُ حدّ معلوم أو مفهوم محدّد، بل يختلف باختلاف العصور وتصور الباحثين حوله بما يُناسب ثقافتهم بشرط أن لا يورث الخلل في ثوابت العقيدة والعبادات وما ورد من الكتاب والسنة من أحكام قطعية، بل يكون مداره هو إعمال العقل والفكر في مشكلا‌ت الحياة المعاصرة التي أوجدتها المتغيرات التي حدثت في المجتمع، لاسنتباط الأحكام المناسبة لها من أدلتها الشرعية. ويعدّ التجديد في أصول الفقه من الإشكلات، التي عرفها الفكر الإسلامي خلال الأوان الأخيرة، وذلك لخطورته من حيث ملامسته لأصول الخطاب الشرعي وأسسه العلمية، ولعدم وضوح الرؤية وبيان التصور في عملية التجديد في هذا المجال، وللقيمة العلمية لهذا العلم، الذي هو منطِق للشرع كلِّه. إنّ الحديث حول مصطلح التجديد في أصول الفقه ليس على طريقة واحدة، لأن الحديث عنه يأتي من جانبين مختلفين، نوع يأتي من خارج النسق الإسلامي، والآخر يأتي من داخل النسق الإسلامي، لذلك اختلف موقف العلماء تجاهه إلى ثلاثة مواقف، أحدها يريد نقض هذا العلم وقطع الروابط بين هذا العلم والنصوص الشرعية، ومن جهة أخرى قطع الصلة بين ثقافة سلف هذه الأمة وخلفها. وصنف آخر في مقابل هؤلاء ينكرون ويردون أيّ تجديد حفاظاً على الشريعة، ورداً لفعلهم. والصنف الثالث وهم الاصلاحيون، فإن عملهم وجهدهم هو الذي يطّلعنا على عقيدتهم وفكرتهم، وبالتالي موقع حالهم.
PREDICTIVE CONTROL OF THE CITY HEAT SUPPLY SYSTEM USING LINEAR REGRESSION AND GRADIENT BOOSTING MODEL
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Stolbov V.Yu. , Netbay G.V. ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University
Published: May 2024

The paper analyzes the evaluation of the quality of performance of control models of the city heat network. The results of the analysis are a recommendation for choosing the optimal control model in terms of accuracy and resources required for its training. This recommendation will allow to realize an intellectual module for the decision support system. The intellectual module will be used in the realization of the automated control system of the heat network of the city and will allow more economically, in terms of resource consumption to ensure the maintenance of the required temperature regime in the apartment buildings of consumers. Purpose of the research. Selection of a model that will allow to calculate with greater accuracy the value of losses in the heat supply network of the city. Application of such a model will allow to predict the behavior of the heating network and, in accordance with this, to choose the control action. Materials and methods. Linear model, as the simplest in training, and showed high accuracy in predicting the network in established modes, as well as a model based on decision trees, built using the method of gradient bousting. Results. The capabilities of a decision tree-based model trained on the basis of statistical data to predict the value of heat losses in the network taking into account the thermal inertia of the system and predicted values of air temperature have been investigated. The application of such a model, which showed good results in the study, is justified. Performance estimates for the linear model as well as for the model based on decision trees are given. Conclusion. The proposed methods and models are tested on real data, which confirms the possibility of their use in the development of intelligent information system of heat supply management.
FORMALISM FOR SOLVING THE FIRST PROBLEM OF THE DYNAMICS OF WALKING AND WHEEL-WALKING MACHINES
Authors:   South Ural State University, Telegin A.I. , Gusev E.V. ,   South Ural State University, Volovich G.I. ,   LLC Chelenergopribor, Nekrasov S.G. ,   South Ural State University
Published: May 2024

The aim is to solve the first problem of the dynamics of machines moving their bodies with the help of legs, i.e., to calculate the control actions of the leg actuators that provide the given dynamics of the absolute motion of the body and satisfy the constraints, when fulfilled, there is no sliding of the supporting legs relative to the supporting surface. The research methods are related to system analysis, mechanics of body systems and robotics. We consider walking and wheel-walking machines with legs suspended from the body, in which the last kinematic pair is translational, there is no controlled foot, and the foot and the supporting surface interact at a single point. The resultsof the study contain analytical formulas for calculating dynamic reactions at the points of contact between the legs and the supporting surface, as well as driving forces and moments of forces in the drives of the supporting and carrying legs, providing a given motion of the body relative to the supporting surface, as well as its corresponding relative motion of the bodies of the supporting legs. A formalism for solving such problems is described, based on inverse vector recurrence formulas for calculating forces and moments of forces of dynamic reactions in kinematic pairs of tree-like systems of bodies with closure of the last body of the branch on the supporting surface. This formalism is extended to wheeled, wheel-walking and walking machines, which is demonstrated by appropriate examples. Analytical conditions for realizing a step without slipping of the support legs relative to the support surface are written down. Two simple wheel-walking machines, consisting of a linear electric drive and a driven (passive) wheelset, are proposed for the experimental determination of sliding and rolling friction coefficient values. In analytical forms of deduced calculation formulas (equations and inequalities) the structural, geometric, inertial and kinematic parameters of the investigated machines are explicitly expressed. The proposed formalism is demonstrated on the solutions of four problems from simple to complex through the reuse of formulas. Conclusion. The obtained mathematical models can be used in the processes of calculation and design of similar machines and their layouts.
PROCUREMENT OF EDUCATIONAL EQUIPMENT AND BUDGET COMPETITION MODELING
Authors:   V.A. Trapeznikov Institute of Control Sciences of Russian Academy of Sciences, Shchepkin A.V. , Likholip M.P. ,   Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Bogdanov A.D. ,   Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University)
Published: May 2024

Educational establishments regularly acquire administrative and pedagogical equipment to ensure a quality educational process. In the context of limited budgets and competition among institutions, optimal resource allocation and efficient procurement management become crucial. This study builds upon approaches by applying game theory to model procurement in the educational sector. The first part extends single-stage auction models of procurement to account for heterogeneous participant information. Acquired knowledge enables participants to reduce uncertainty in procurement outcomes and outmaneuver stronger market participants with more favorable offers. Specifically, an optimal strategy is identified for the scenario where only one player possesses information, along with a quantitative order of neutralizing the undesired advantage through additional player inclusion. The second part of the study examines mechanisms of long-term budgetary competition among schools. Well-known Rubinstein, Baron, and Ferejohn game theory models are employed to investigate this setup. A substantive analogy between competition and multi-stage negotiations is drawn, and key parameters determining competitive outcomes are delineated. The purpose of the work is to evaluate the applicability of game theory models. Materials and methods. For modeling, the mathematical apparatus of dynamic games is used, including methods of probabilistic modeling, game theory and optimization. The determining criterion for the decision of the players is the greatest utility, calculated solely based on available information. Results of the modeling are performed analytically through optimization, considering the discounting of the utility function over time. Results. Novelty of work is coupled with domain interpretation of game theory models. Modeling allows predicting agents behavior under the regulation of the procurement market and the definition of their budgeting. Conclusion. The analysis of models of game theory in relation to the field of education is accomplished. It is shown that the degree of awareness of the players about the value functions can significantly influence their decisions and the results of procurement.
PENGENALAN BUDAYA JEPANG DALAM KANAL YOUTUBE NIHONGO MANTAPPU JEROME POLIN
Authors: Mulyadi Budi , Prasetyaningtyas Alif
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini menjelaskan tentang bentuk budaya Jepang  yang dikenalkan  dalam youtube channell milik Jerome Polin Nihongo Mantappu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan bentuk budaya Jepang yang digambarkan melalui youtube channel Nihonggo Mantappu.  Nihonggo Mantappu  merupakan  sebuah channel youtube yang dikelola oleh seorang youtuber terkenal Indonesia bernama Jerome Polin. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode analisis deskriptif dimana data utama diambil dari beberapa video dalam kanal Youtube Nihongo Mantappu. Dari hasil penelitian, ditemukan ada dua bentuk kebudayaan Jepang yang digambarkan dalam kanal You tube tersebut, yaitu bentuk kebudayaan yang berupa artefak atau benda dan bentuk kebudayaan berupa aktivitas. Bentuk kebudayaan Jepang yang berupa artefak atau benda meliputi makanan, kemajuan teknologi, dan arsitektur. Sementara bentuk kebudayaan Jepang yang berupa aktivitas meliputi permainan tradisional Jepang, festival, kerja paruh waktu di Jepang, dan cara naik kereta di Jepang.
Analisis Wacana Kritis: Pesan Belasungkawa sebagai Wacana Politik Perdana Menteri Jepang Shinzo Abe
Authors: Hidayat Hadi , Kasmawati Kasmawati
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini menganalisis skematik wacana dan diksi pada pesan belasungkawa Perdana Menteri Jepang yang ditujukan kepada Presiden Republik Kenya, Perancis dan Republik Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini mendeskripsikan skematik wacana dan diksi pada pesan belasungkawa Perdana Menteri Jepang yang ditujukan kepada Presiden Republik Kenya, Perancis, dan Republik Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berdasarkan analisis wacana kritis model Teun van Dijk yang mencakup struktur mikro khususnya skematik dan diksi. Temuan penelitian ini adalah pertama, penghasil teks melalui skematik wacana, menunjukkan bahwa pesan belasungkawa yang ditujukan kepada Presiden Republik Kenya memiliki isi pesan yang lebih banyak berkenaan dengan aksi teror yang terjadi, dibanding pesan yang ditujukan kepada Presiden Perancis dan Presiden Republik Indonesia, dan kedua, diksi yang dipilih oleh penghasil teks memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan. Perbedaan ini sangat berkaitan dengan konteks situasi dan hubungan sosial-politik penghasil teks dengan ketiga negara tersebut.
Perilaku Distorsi Kognitif Tokoh “Boku” dalam Cerpen Shigatsu No Aru Hareta Asa Ni Hyaku Paasento Onna No Ko Ni Deau Koto Ni Tsuite Karya Murakami Haruki
Authors: Fadli Zaki Ainul , Prameswari Anggita
Published: May 2024

Murakami Haruki adalah seorang sastrawan Jepang kontemporer yang dikenal karena karya-karyanya yang khas. Dalam cerpen “Shigatsu No Aru Hareta Asa Ni Hyaku Paasento Onna No Ko Ni Deau Koto Ni Tsuite”, salah satu keunikan yang menarik perhatian pembaca adalah kemampuannya mengolah cerita sederhana menjadi cerita yang menarik. Cerita cerpen ini berpusat pada pemikiran karakter boku di sekitar wanita ideal menurutnya yang disajikan dengan penyajian plot yang menarik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi psikologis karakter "Boku" dan mengungkap cara berpikir aneh yang menyebabkan konflik batin yang dialaminya. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan metode studi pustaka sebagai metode pengumpulan data.Teori distorsi kognitif yang dikemukakan oleh David D. Burns digunakan untuk mengkategorikan tindakan tokoh Boku berdasarkan jenis distorsi kognitifnya. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah karakter "Boku" memiliki enam bentuk penyimpangan kognitif, yaitu: (1) Overgeneralization, (2) Jump to Conclusions, (3) Mind reading, (4) Dichotomous Thinking, (5) Emotional Reasoning, dan ( 6) The "Should" Statement.
Kecerdasan Buatan dalam Konteks Kurikulum Merdeka pada Jenjang Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah: Membangun Keterampilan Menuju Indonesia Emas 2045
Authors: Suharyo Suharyo , Subyantoro Subyantoro , Pristiwati Rahayu
Published: May 2024

Perkembangan kecerdasan buatan yang semakin pesat memengaruhi kurikulum dan metode pengajaran di lembaga pendidikan. Pemahaman mengenai pengaruh serta langkah-langkah yang tepat untuk mengintegrasikan kecerdasan buatan ke dalam kurikulum merupakan sebuah urgensi yang penting untuk diperhatikan dalam rangka mempersiapkan peserta didik menuju Indonesia Emas 2045. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menjelaskan pengaruh kecerdasan buatan terhadap kurikulum dan metode pengajaran di lembaga pendidikan, mendeskripsikan tantangan yang dihadapi lembaga pendidikan dalam mengintegrasikan kecerdasan buatan ke dalam proses pembelajaran, dan menjelaskan langkah strategis pemanfaatan kecerdasan buatan untuk mempersiapkan kompetensi siswa menuju Indonesia Emas 2045. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui kajian literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa integrasi kecerdasan buatan di dalam kurikulum dapat menunjang proses pembelajaran dan pengajaran serta mencapai hasil yang maksimal dengan penggunaan sumber daya yang minimal. Integrasi tersebut turut mendorong kesuksesan Kurikulum Merdeka dalam menyongsong Indonesia Emas 2045. Keterbatasan teknis, keterbatasan keahlian guru, dan tantangan moral merupakan tantangan implementasi kecerdasan buatan dalam Kurikulum Merdeka. Langkah yang dapat diambil meliputi pemanfaatan platform pembelajaran berbasis kecerdasan buatan, pelatihan guru dalam menggunakan teknologi kecerdasan buatan, dan penerapan pedoman etika.
THE EFFECTS OF AUDIT FEES, AUDIT QUALITY AND OWNERSHIP STRUCTURES ON TAX AGGRESSIVENESS: EVIDENCE FROM MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN INDONESIA
Authors: Paramita I Dewa Ayu Diah Pradnya , Fuad Fuad
Published: May 2024

This study investigates the effect of audit fees, auditors’ quality, and ownership structure on tax aggressiveness in Indonesian manufacturing companies. The sample of this study is based on 132 firm-year observations of IDX-listed companies in Indonesia during the 2018–2021 periods. Our study relies on the panel regression models to test the hypotheses. The results show that audit fees, audit quality with auditor industry specialization proxies, and foreign ownership significantly affect corporate tax aggressiveness. We also find significant differences in tax aggressiveness in the period before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Our study provides a significant contribution to the accounting literature on how corporate tax aggressiveness is determined by audit characteristics and ownership structure.
THE EFFECT OF RETURN ON ASSETS, DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO AND MANAGERIAL OWNERSHIP ON PRICE TO BOOK VALUE IN MINING SECTOR COMPANIES LISTED ON THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE (IDX) 2016-2020 PERIOD
Authors: Hasanudin Hasanudin , Nisa Nelisa La
Published: May 2024

This study aims to find out and analyze the effect of return on asset, debt to equity ratio and managerial ownership of price to book value in mining sector companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2016 to 2020. The population in this study used a porposive sampling technique. The data in this study uses annual reports from 20 mining sector companies with a total of 88 samples of observations. This study uses secondary data and data collection techniques. The technique used is multiple linear regression technique and uses the Statistical Product Service Solution program or SPSS version 26.The results of this study indicate that return on assets has a positive and significantly to the price to book value, the debt to equity ratio has no effect on the results positive and not significant to the price to book value. Temporary managerial ownership has no effect on negative and significant results on price to book value.
THE EFFECT OF RETURN ON ASSETS, RETURN ON EQUITY AND NET INTEREST MARGIN ON STOCK PRICES IN BANKING COMPANIES LISTED ON THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE FOR THE 2017-2021 PERIOD
Authors: Widyakto Adhi , Rinawati Tri , Widyarti Endang Tri
Published: May 2024

This research was conducted to test the effect of the variable Return On Asset (ROA) Return On Equity (ROE) Net Interest Margin (NIM) on stock prices in banking companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange for the 2017-2021 period. The data used in this writing is obtained from financial statement data published by idx taken from the www.idx.co.id website. This study used quantitative data with multiple linear regression techniques. The sample of this study was determined by purposive sampling technique and produced 13 company samples for analysis.The results of this study show that Return On Asset (ROA) has a significant effect on the share price of banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, Return On Equity (ROE) does not have a significant effect on the share price of banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, Net Interest Margin (NIM) has a significant effect on the stock prices of banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.
The Politics of Electric Vehicle Subsidies in Indonesia: Actors, Agenda, and Issues
Authors: Maulana Anisyahirah Kalyana Putri , Kurniawan Yudha
Published: May 2024

In light of the worldwide determination to address the consequences of climate change, the Indonesian government has established a goal of achieving carbon neutrality by the year 2060. The transportation sector in Indonesia is a significant source of carbon emissions due to its extensive reliance on fossil fuel consumption. In response to this challenge, the Indonesian government has implemented measures to expedite the motor vehicle electrification program by introducing a subsidy policy aimed at facilitating the public’s acquisition of electric vehicles. The formulation of this strategy initiated a sequence of discussions within the public domain. In order to gain a comprehensive understanding of the many actors involved and the process of discourse formation within the discussion, this study has undertaken the collection of 198 stakeholder statements as presented in articles published by national mass media outlets throughout the period spanning from January 2023 to June 2023. This statement mapped with the Discourse Coalition Framework (DCF) theory to find the network of discourse and ideas as the data that was subsequently subjected to analysis utilizing the Discourse Network Analysis. The findings of this study indicate that the discourse surrounding the subsidy program for electric vehicles gave rise to actor network groups that advocated investment and concerns related to environmental sustainability. The author examines the limitations to the interconnections between theoretical frameworks empirical evidence in shaping the discourse surrounding the dynamics of network politics in relation to electric vehicle subsidies in Indonesia.
Gerakan Politik Kewargaan: Komunitas Rumah Baca Aksara (RBA) di Ruteng-Manggarai
Authors: Teredi Ernest Lalong
Published: May 2024

Tulisan ini hendak menguraikan gerakan komunitas Rumah Baca Aksara (RBA) di Kabupaten Manggarai dalam bingkai politik kewargaan. Dengan melacak pelbagai rangkaian aktivitas, eksperesi dan tindakan, tulisan ini menjelaskan tiga aspek penting dari gerakan komunitas RBA. Pertama, gerakan komunitas RBA menjadi oase bagi politik kewargaan di Manggarai, karena hadir di tengah melemahnya elemen-elemen gerakan dalam mengisi ruang demokrasi dan juga efek bekerjanya wacana pendisplinan pada warga negara. Kedua, melalui keterhubungan gerakan (movement linkage) dengan kolaborasi lintas komunitas muda lokal dan lembaga-lembaga sosial nasional, telah membentuk solidaritas dan kolektivitas bagi gerakan dalam merespons ragam isu pada aras lokal. Ketiga, dengan adanya solidaritas dan kolektivitas, maka gerakan komunitas RBA menjadi sinyal terbentuknya subyek politik di mana komunitas RBA setidaknya bisa menjadi artikulasi bagi gerakan komunitas muda di Manggarai yang sudah terjalin melalui keterkaitan gerakan.
Management of toxic waste released by incorrectly discarded batteries in Brazil
Authors: dos Santos Karen Ouverney , Guimarães Aniceto Silva Nathália , Henrique Gonçalves Reis Olavo , de Paula Almeida João Vitor , Galindo de Oliveira Giovanna
Published: May 2024

The main difference between a dry cell battery and an alkaline one is the composition of the electrolyte. In zinc–carbon batteries, dry cell, the electrolyte is a paste formed by mixing ammonium chloride and zinc chloride, whereas in alkaline batteries, the electrolyte is a concentrated aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide containing a certain amount of zinc oxide, hence the name alkaline for this battery. Therefore, the improper disposal of these materials has numerous consequences for the environment, since the potentially toxic metals present in them can be leached, infiltrating, and contaminating the soil layers, the groundwater, as well as the fauna and flora of the regions nearby. Thus, the objective is to perform studies that aim to simulate and analyze the release of potentially toxic metals present in batteries found in normal environmental conditions, through leaching tests from regular batteries (Zn–C) on fertilized soil, simulating a landfill, in addition to tests on sandy soil in order to aid the identification of possible waste release.
Segregation and mixing of binary mixtures of spherical particles in a bubbling fluidized bed
Authors: Ren Shan , Zheng Zhong , Chen Hongsheng
Published: May 2024

This work reports a CFD-DEM study on the segregation and mixing of binary mixtures of particles in a bubbling fluidized bed. A simplified mixing index was applied to determine the instantaneous mixing state in the bed, with which the effects of superficial gas velocity and initial packing state on the fluidization behavior were further discussed. For the well-mixed initial conditions, the mixing index decreases with fluidization time until a dynamic equilibrium between segregation and mixing is achieved. In contrast, the mixing index first increases and then decreases with fluidization time for completely-segregated initial conditions. However, the final equilibrium between segregation and mixing will not be affected by initial packing states for a given superficial gas velocity. Moreover, the bubbling behavior shows a marked impact on segregation and mixing, i.e., mixing is enhanced during the formation and grow-up of bubbles, while segregation is strengthened during the eruption of bubbles. This makes it possible to improve the fluidization of binary mixtures of particles based on the bubbling behaviors in the fluidized bed.
Factors of poor prognosis in newborns with a prenatal diagnosis of gastroschisis in Bogota, Colombia
Authors: Dávila Romero Viviana , Aragón Mendoza Rafael L. , Molina-Giraldo Saulo , Herrera Emiliano M. , Leal Elman H. , Gallo Roa Roberto , Rodríguez Ortiz Jorge A. , Toro Angelica M. , Peña Rafael R. , Gómez Hoyos Diana , Nudelman Tammy , Vargas Fiallo Cristian L.
Published: May 2024

Objectives

To identify factors associated with poor prognoses in newborns with a prenatal diagnosis of gastroschisis in eight hospitals in Bogota, Colombia, from 2011 to 2022.

Methods

A multi-center retrospective case-control study was conducted on newborns with gastroschisis in eight hospitals in Bogota, Colombia. Poor prognosis was defined as the presence of sepsis, intestinal complications, or death.

Results

The study included 101 patients. Preterm newborns under 32 weeks had a poor neonatal prognosis (OR 6.78 95 % CI 0.75–319). Oligohydramnios (OR 4.95 95 % CI 1.15–21.32) and staged closure with silo (OR 3.48; 95 % CI 1.10–10.96) were risk factors for neonatal death, and intra-abdominal bowel dilation of 20–25 mm was a factor for the development of intestinal complications (OR 3.22 95 % CI 1.26–8.23).

Conclusions

Intra-abdominal bowel dilation between 20 and 25 mm was associated with intestinal complications, while oligohydramnios was associated with the risk of perinatal death, requiring increased antenatal surveillance of fetal wellbeing. Management with primary reduction when technically feasible is recommended in these infants, considering that the use of silos was associated with higher mortality.
Does COVID-19 infection alter serum biochemical and hematological biomarkers in deceased dementia patients?
Authors: Aydemir Duygu , Yucel Muammer , Koseoglu Mehmet , Ulusu Nuriye Nuray
Published: May 2024

Objectives

The elderly population is categorized as a risk group for COVID-19 infection, and dementia is the primary cause of disability in elderly individuals and affects 70 % of the elderly population. In this study, we evaluated the blood and serum biomarkers of deceased dementia patients infected by COVID-19 compared to the survived dementia and non-dementia patients.

Methods

Laboratory biomarkers of 11 dementia patients infected by COVID-19 have been used for this study. The five patients’ serum biochemistry and blood data were compared with the six patients who died because of COVID-19. Additionally, data from nine patients aged 85–96 infected with COVID-19 without dementia have been used to compare the difference between dementia and non-dementia individuals.

Results

D-dimer, C-reactive protein (CRP), glucose, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), troponin, procalcitonin, red cell distribution width (RDW), white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil (NEU) and %NEU levels significantly increased in the deceased dementia patients compared to the survived and non-dementia individuals. Calcium (Ca), hematocrit (HCT), red blood cells (RBC), lymphocyte (%LYM), monocyte %MONO, and basophil (%BASO) levels significantly decreased in the deceased dementia patients compared to the survived and non-dementia individuals infected by COVID-19.

Conclusions

Serum biochemistry and hematological biomarkers, including D-dimer, CRP, glucose, ALT, AST, BUN, troponin, procalcitonin, RDW, RBC, WBC, NEU, %NEU, Ca, HCT, %LYM, %MONO, and %BASO were significantly altered in deceased dementia patients infected by COVID-19 compared to the survived individuals.
perfil da produção científica sobre futebol em periódicos brasileiros da Educação Física Los establecimientos comerciales y la reducción de la huella de carbono
Authors: Amancio Silva Eduardo Henrique , Romero Clavijo Fabian Alberto , Feijó Burkle Bruno , Drews Ricardo
Published: May 2024

O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a produção científica sobre futebol em periódicos brasileiros de Educação Física (EF), com ênfase nas temáticas e populações investigadas. O estudo caracteriza-se como uma revisão integrativa. Foram analisadas as principais revistas da área da EF no Brasil, com publicações em língua portuguesa. Além de informações referentes ao ano e periódico de publicação, os dados extraídos foram categorizados em 16 temáticas de investigação e 20 populações. No total, a amostra de estudos selecionada para análise foi de 789 artigos. Pode-se observar que a temática “análise do desempenho energético-funcional” representa 29,1% dos artigos investigados e a população de adolescentes foi a mais investigada (26,3%). Conclui-se que a produção científica sobre futebol nos periódicos brasileiros de EF tem aumentado ao longo dos anos, com a hegemonia de temáticas relacionadas à subárea “biodinâmica do movimento humano” e com foco em públicos com idades superiores a 15 anos.
Perfil Socioeconômico, Motivos de Adesão, Permanência e Contribuição do Programa Forças no Esporte para a Vida de Crianças e Adolescentes
Authors: Koppke Miranda Maria Elisa , Dos Santos Guedes Labouriau Fernanda , Dos Santos Bunn Priscila , Carneiro Peixinho Gabriela , Inoue Rodrigues Allan , De Souza Alves Daniel
Published: May 2024

O artigo tem como objetivo estabelecer um perfil socioeconômico de crianças e adolescentes participantes do Programa Forças no Esporte (PROFESP) do CEFAN, além de descrever os principais motivos de adesão e de permanência, assim como a contribuição esperada do projeto em sua vida. Trata-se de um estudo transversal. Em uma única visita, 104 participantes (97 do sexo masculino e 43 do feminino, com idades entre 10 e 17 anos) preencheram um formulário de anamnese como forma de caracterização socioeconômica, contendo dados pessoais e familiares, assim como motivos de adesão, motivação e contribuição social do programa ao aluno. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa conforme as orientações da Resolução 466/12 do Conselho Nacional de Saúde, sob o protocolo CAAE 93823218.4.0000.5256. O perfil socioeconômico de participantes do PROFESP/CEFAN é de crianças e adolescentes autodeclaradas com cor da pele parda e negra em sua maioria, com número um a dois irmãos, família com quatro indivíduos, e renda familiar na faixa de um a três salários-mínimos. Já no tocante à escolaridade dos responsáveis, foi observada um maior grau para mães ou responsáveis do sexo feminino. Os principais motivos de entrada no PROFESP foram a prática esportiva e a ocupação do horário livre. Referente à motivação para permanecer no projeto, prática esportiva e a infraestrutura do CEFAN foram os principais fatores de incentivo. Por fim, a melhoria na disciplina e a melhoria na qualidade de vida foram apontados como as principais contribuições para a vida destas crianças e adolescentes entrevistados.
Aikido
Authors: Alves Franco Marcel , Brandão de Souza Mendes Maria Isabel , Nunes da Silva Luiz Arthur , Kono Tetsuya , De Oliveira Caminha Iraquitan
Published: May 2024

Our study aims at research what the meaning of practicing budō is and how it defines a way of living and educating the body in movement. Our research group was 11 Brazilians instructors of aikido. Created by Morihei Ueshiba around the year 1940, aikido is defined by Nippon Budokan Foundation as one of the budō martial arts, a physical culture that brings together Japanese tradition and spirituality. The concept of spirituality discussed in our study is based on Michel Foucault’s understanding of the aesthetics of existence. For our research we conducted semi-structured interviews and made a literature review  about the meaning of budō in different academic databases. All the material was studied in accordance with Michel Foucault’s analysis of discourse approach. In total, 44 academic documents were analyzed, including research articles,  doctoral and master’s dissertations. As a result, we highlight the polysemic character of budō as a way of life, self-knowledge, self-improvement, body culture, spirituality, and education.
Consideraciones Didácticas para el Proceso de Aprendizaje del Manejo del Teclado de la Computadora
Authors: Solís Chaverri Brandon , Rodríguez Rivera Arnaldo
Published: May 2024

To operate the computer keyboard by touch quickly and accurately requires constant practice using methodologies and practice materials designed so that students develop typing skills at the highest possible level. The objective of this article is to present didactic considerations that facilitate the learning process. The methodology used in this study was documentary; a bibliographic review was conducted to analyze the information and thus provide teaching methods and guidelines for the development of practice material for learning the skill of speed and accuracy. In this way, the business educator will have a guide that provides input for their planning so that the student population can achieve the established goals.