bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of soil test based fertilization on nutrient uptake of rice under rice-wheat cropping system
Authors: Pandey Amit Kumar , Singh Ashutosh , Singh Umesh
Published: May 2023

A field investigation on rice under rice-wheat cropping system was carried out in the two consecutive of 2018 and 2019 at Mandan Bharti Agriculture College, Agwanpur, Saharsa for the development and validation of soil test crop response (STCR) to fertilizer and for assessing the performance of STCR treatments as compared to general recommended dose in terms of yield and nutrient uptake of rice. The STCR approach with or without FYM at low, medium and high target yield markedly increase yield, NOK uptake and use efficiency. Therefore, the STCR-target yield approach could improve the yield, and nutrient uptake for rice.
Performance of newly introduced fodder crops in ricewheat cropping system in adopted villages of Bareilly district in North Western U.P.
Authors: Singh Om , Singh Ayushi , Singh Ananya , Singh Anita
Published: May 2023

Two demonstrations were conducted in the adopted villages of IVRI for transfer of technology from lab to land programme.Trials were conducted in the project villages viz., Mohanpur, Kalapur in 2003-4 and khata, Bhansar during 2013-14 after ten years. Napier Hybrid NB 21, multi cut Bajra (Ganga kaveri,Pearl millet) as new crops were introduced in the study area .Forage maize (Sweta) was grown for comparative study as a control forage crop. The growth of napier Hybrid NB 21 was found to be fast growing crop over the other forage crop during summer and rainy seasons.Napier Hybrid raised wih scientific package of practices on farmers field.This crop gave 825.1 q/ha green fodder.the crop was harvested 4-5 times by the farmers.Maize cultivar Sweta was harvested at 45-75 days after sowing.This maize provided for one month fodder while, NB hybrid gave green fodder round the year. Maize gave 525.4 q/ha green fodder. Forage liking of animal feeding or palatability was maximum for forage maize. Pealmillet multi cut cultivar Ganga Kaveri harvested 3-4 times by September and produced 445.7 q/ha leafy, succulent fodder to milch animals during summer and rainy seasons. This was the second choice of animals. This was found to be good for feeding dairy animals long with wheat straw in 50:50 ratio of green and dry feeding balanced diet. However, palatability of NBH was after Multi Cut Bajra. After ten years area under forage crops was inceased 2-3 times. NBH from zero to 20 ha and MCB 3 ha and maize from 2 ha to 7 ha in the adopted villages. Some farmers started green fodder for sale in Rithoura to get more profits per acer of land. Technology adoption rate was higher in adopted villages than the near bynon adopted villages.
A study on sum insured, premium paid and cost of cultivation of paddy insured farmers of Tamil Nadu
Authors: Menaka S. , Sangeetha P.
Published: May 2023

Crop insurance is a means to protecting the cultivators against financial loss on account ofanticipated crop-loss arising out of practically all-natural factors beyond their control such as natural fire, weather, floods, pests, diseases etc.,the sum insured by non-loanee farmers under NAIS were Rs.29066per ha, in case of MNAIS it was Rs.29555per ha and in case of WBCIS it was Rs.22644 per ha and the average being Rs. 27088 per ha. 2 per cent of premium amount has to paid by the farmer, and the government provides the subsidy of 1 per cent, thus the farmers have to pay 1 per cent as premium from their sum insured.the Cost A1was Rs.38547.90 per ha for insured farmers and for non-insured farmers, it was 34667.70per ha, and for loanee farmers it was Rs.38319.30per ha and for non- loanee farmers it was Rs.39449.40perha. The costC3 for insured farmers were Rs.57189.60per ha and for non-insured farmers it was Rs.52049.30 per ha.
Influence of cultivation methods and crop geometries on earliness traits and yield of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
Authors: Anbarasi M. , Chelladurai K.
Published: May 2023

Field experiments were conducted to study the earliness traits and yield of the cotton under mechanized and conventional cultivation methods with varying crop geometry during the summer season of 2015 and 2016 on sandy clay loamy soil at the irrigated upland farm of Eastern Block, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore. The experiments were laid out in split plot design and replicated thrice. The treatment comprised of two cultivation methods viz., mechanized cultivation (M1) and conventional cultivation (M2) were assigned in main plot and four spacings viz., 45 cm x 15 cm (1,48,148 plants/ha) (S1), 60 cm x 15 cm (1,11,111 plants/ha) (S2), 75 cm x 15 cm (88,888 plants/ha) (S3) and 75 cm x 30 cm (44,444 plants/ha) (S4) in subplot. The results of this study revealed that the earliness traits of cotton viz., the appearance of the first square, the appearance of the first flower, days to attain 50 per cent flowering, days to first boll open and boll maturation period were significantly influenced by crop geometries, whereas cultivation methods did not show any variation regarding earliness traits and the cotton cultivated under mechanized cultivation method with the spacing of 45 x 15 cm registered higher seed cotton yield.
Effect of sowing dates on growth, yield and economics of different varieties of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)
Authors: Manhas S.S. , Singh Harpreet
Published: May 2023

The experiment comprised five varieties of Indian mustard and four dates of sowing was carried out during Rabi 2011- 12 and 2012-13. Maximum plant height (175.1 cm), dry matter accumulation (53.4 g/plant) and secondary branches (4.58) were observed with PBR-375 which was significantly higher than other varieties. Sowing dates also significantly affect the growth parameters except primary branches and maximum plant height (175.1cm), dry matter accumulation (53.4 g/plant) and secondary branches (4.58) were recorded in 27 October sowing date which was significantly higher than other dates of sowing. PBR-375 resulted yield attributes, yield (2770.5 kg/ha), gross return (69264 Rs./ha), net return (38031 Rs./ha) and b: c ratio (1.49) significantly higher than other varieties of Indian mustard. Delay in sowing dates from 27 October to 10 December, decreases siliquae /plant, siliqua length, seed per siliqua and 1000-seed weight statistically. The best sowing dates in comparison of four sowing dates was appeared to be 27 October, as it produced significantly higher seed yield (2740.4kg/ha), gross return (68512 R.s/ha), net return (37383 Rs./ha) and b: c ratio (1.47) as compared to other sowing dates. The N, P K and S uptake were non-significantly affected by different varieties of Indian mustard. 27 October sowing date recorded significantly higher N, P, K and S uptake than other sowing dates of Indian mustard.
Single bud transplanting technique of turmeric to reduce production cost
Authors: Roshan R.K. , Pebam Nongallei , Kolom Rabi , Sarawasat Pankaj Kumar
Published: May 2023

Turmeric is one of the most important spice crops of Tamenglong district of Manipur. Due to high seed requirement (15- 20 q/ha) of turmeric the cost of production increases rapidly. Around 40-45% of total cost of cultivation is incurred for procurement of seed and this is one of the major constraints for large scale cultivation of Turmeric. To overcome the disadvantages of conventional planting system of seed rhizomes and to produce good quality planting material with reduced cost, rapid multiplication of turmeric, single bud transplanting technology was introduced to the farmers of Noney/ Tamenglong district. ICAR – KVK Tamenglong organized different capacity building programmes on single bud transplanting of turmeric.Disease-free seed rhizomes of turmeric (variety Lakadong) were cut into small pieces of 5-6 g containing a single bud and treated with Trichoderma viridae @ 2g/litre and sown in pro-trays using suitable growing media prepared by mixing coco peat: FYM @ 1:1 during March. After 30- 40 days, the germinated and well-developed seedlings were transplanted in main field.Single bud transplanting technique of turmeric produced healthy crop.Single bud transplanting technique of turmeric was recorded to have reduced number of days required for tillering (52 days) and rhizome development (207 days) whereas in conventional planting method it took 85 days for tillering and 237 days for rhizome development. Single bud transplanting technique of turmeric recorded a higher yield of 220 q/ ha within a shorter period as compare to 170q/ha in conventional planting method.An average cost of production of Rs.45,600/ hawas obtained underSingle bud transplanting methodas compare to Rs. 61000/ha under conventional planting method. Higher average net returns of Rs. 217200/ha and benefit cost ratio of4.8:1was recorded with single bud transplanting method. However, relatively lower average net returns of Rs. 143200/ha and benefit cost ratio of 2.3:1 was recorded with conventional planting method. An average cost saving of 34.2% was recorded with single bud transplanting method over conventional planting method.
Efficacy of fungicides, phytoextracts and bioagent for the management of seed mycoflora of chickpea
Authors: Parmar R.G. , Cunha Roshan Joy D.
Published: May 2023

A laboratory experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of fungicides, phytoextracts and bioagentas for managing the seed-borne fungi associated with chickpea. Results revealed that all the treatments were effective in reducing seed mycoflora load over control. However, seed treatment with carboxin + thiram at 0.3 per cent was found superior as it witnessed minimum number of fungal species (2) and minimum seed mycoflora load (2.75%) followed by mancozeb at 0.3 per cent and carbendazim at 0.25 per cent.Carboxin + thiram completely inhibited the growth of Aspergillus flavus, Rhizopus sp., Botrytis sp. and Curvularia lunata. Seed treatment with Trichoderma viride found effective in reducing seed mycoflora compared to control. Among the phytoextracts, the least per cent seed mycoflora (33.55%) was observed in Neem (Azadirachta indica L.) leaf extract whereas datura leaf extract and garlic clove extract significantly reduced the seed mycoflora.
Evaluation of yield potential of CO5 BN napier Bajra hybrid crop under irrigated condition in Rohilkhand region of U.P.
Authors: Singh Om , Singh Ayushi , Singh Ananya , Singh Anita
Published: May 2023

A field trial on CO5BN was conducted at ICAR-IVRI, Izatnagar during 2013-14 to 2017-18 to study the effect of harvesting season/time on green, dry matter yield and morphological characters. Data shows that yield of CO5BN was increased from first year 2013-14 to third year 2015-16 and decreased in fourth year of plantation of crop. Re-growth of ratoon crop was good as it was in first year crop, it may be concluded that crop can be grown upto 5-6 years. The crop yield of first year and second year as par with fifth year. Maximum green fodder yield 307.7 q/ha in 2015-16. In 5th year (2017-18), ratooning yield was at par 301.3 q/ ha with 2nd to 4th year (2014-15 to 2016-17). Good package of practices are recommended for ratooning to get good yield as well as economic production for long time 5-6 years of ratooning. The crop CO5BN produced maximum green fodder yield (307.7 q/ha) in Aug-Sep.
Study on livelihood of street food vendors
Authors: Sangeetha P. , Menaka S.
Published: May 2023

The street food being an informal food supply system provided livelihood and substantial amount of household income to the middle and low income urban population, who would otherwise be unemployed or under employed. Street foods play an important role in achieving food and nutritional security of the poor income groups, who would otherwise be insecure owing to the cost, accessibility and affordability of food. The present study was carried out with a view to analyze the overall performance of street food vendors in Coimbatore city of Tamil Nadu. The study was undertaken to analyze both the positive and negative effects of street food vending. The conventional and percentage analysis were carried out to draw meaningful inferences. The multiple linear regression was used to analyse the sales revenue of street food vendor.
Effect of spacing and growth regulation levels on leaf area, branches and dry matter per plant of Bt. Cotton
Authors: Ghetiya K. P. , Chovatia P. K. , Raiyani V. N. , Kathiria R. K.
Published: May 2023

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of spacing and growth regulation treatments on Bt. Cotton (var. “Solar 65 BG-II) during Kharif season of 2019-20 on clayey soils of Junagadh. The experiment comprising of four levels of spacing viz., 45 cm x 30 cm, 60 cm x 30 cm, 90 cm x 30 cm, 120 cm x 45 cm and four growth regulation levels viz., control, detopping at 75 DAS, Brassinosteroid (0.15 ppm) at 75 and 90 DAS, cycocel (40 ppm) at 75 and 90 DAS were laid out in split plot design with three replications. The result showed that higher leaf area per plant at 60, 90, 120 DAS and harvest; number of sympodial branches per plant at 60, 90, 120 DAS and harvest; dry matter per plant at 60, 90, 120 DAS and harvest; CGR during 30-60 DAS; CGR during 60- 90 DAS and CGR during 90-120 DAS and CGR during 120 DAS-harvest were recorded significantly highest value with plant spacing 120 cm x 45 cm (S4). However, spacing 45 cm x 30 cm (S1) significantly increased the leaf area index per plant at 60, 90, 120 DAS and harvest. Application of cycocel (40 ppm) at 75 and 90 DAS enhanced leaf area per plant and leaf area index per plant at harvest; number of sympodial branches per plant at 90, 120 DAS and harvest; dry matter per plant at 90 DAS; CGR during 60-90 DAS; CGR during 120 DAS-harvest and RGR during 60-90 DAS. Application of brassinosteroid (0.15 ppm) at 75 and 90 DAS enhanced leaf area per plant and leaf area index per plant at 90 and 120 DAS; dry matter per plant at 120 DAS and harvest; CGR during 90-120 DAS and RGR during 90-120 DAS.
A detailed study on factors affecting the crop insurance with respect to coconut in Karur district of Tamil Nadu
Authors: Menaka S. , Sangeetha P.
Published: May 2023

Factor analysis attempts to identify underlying variables that determine the various risk coping mechanism followed and risk management strategies adopted by the farmers, and provides an empirical classification scheme of clustering of statements called factors. It is clear that among the 18 variables, only eight variables like gender, land holdings of the farmer, contact with extension agency, organic farming, livestock position, integrated farming, awareness about market information and number of days of employment in a year were found to have positive and significant correlation.Among eight variables, strategies like integrated farming, contact with extension agency, awareness about market information, and organic farming, were considered to be important factors. Among the eight factors, three factors were extracted depending on component matrix eigen values.
Role of frontline demonstrations for reducing the technology gap and extension gap in Gobhi sarson (Brassica napus L.) in Amritsar district of Punjab
Authors: Singh Harpreet , Kaur Charanjeet
Published: May 2023

Front Line Demonstration is one of the most powerful tools for transfer of technology. The present study was undertaken to find out the yield gap through FLDs on mustard crop. ECF centre Amritsar conducted 42 demonstrations on mustard since 2013-2014 to 2016-2017 in six adopted villages of Amritsar district. Prevailing farmer’s practices were treated as control for comparison with recommended practices. On the basis of average data, the average yield (13.97 q/ha) was obtained with improved practice over farmer’s practice (11.92 q/ha) with an additional yield of 2.05 q/ha and the increase in yield was17.07 per cent. The average technology gap and index were found to be 7.22 and 34.08 per cent, respectively. The extension gap ranged between 1.5 q/ha (2013-2014) to 2.5 q/ha (2016-2017) indicates the need to educate the farmers through various extension approaches for the adoption of improved technologies. The lower value of technology index indicated the feasibility of the demonstrated Mustard crop technology.
An inquiry into intersectoral linkages of agriculture through social accounting matrix
Authors: Sangeetha P. , Menaka S.
Published: May 2023

As India followed a mixed economy model after its independence, both public and private sectors coexisted. In the agricultural sector, production decisions were highly taken by private producers with government’s role limited to infrastructure development such as irrigation, extension services and trade in some major commodities. In the manufacturing and service sectors, state played a commanding role by owning and operating many industries. The post-reform period had witnessed significant decline in capital formation in the agriculture sector, especially in the public sector. The trade liberalization had led to shifts in cropping patterns towards cash crops such as cotton, oilseeds, sugarcane, fruits and vegetables for increasing the volatility of agricultural incomes. Besides, as a part of the structural change within the industrial sector, the importance of agrobased industries had come down in the post-reform period. Despite various development planning efforts, poverty, unemployment, and inequality still exist to a greater extent in Indian economy. An important factor responsible for this is the strategy of extension of macro level plan methodology to the development of micro regions (regional level). Initially sector’s relationship with the rest of the economy through its direct and indirect intermediate purchases and sales should be known. The sectors with the highest linkages are likely to stimulate rapid growth of production, income and employment. In the present study linkage between agriculture and other industry was studied by constructing Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) and for that the study was undertaken in Krishnagiri District of Tamil Nadu.
Study on impact of soil health card based fertilizers recommendation on crop productivity and farmer’s income - A case study in Saharsa district of Bihar
Authors: Singh Ashutosh , Pandey Amit Kumar , Singh Umesh
Published: May 2023

Soil is the basic component of agriculture which contains nutrients and provides to plant for proper growth. Due to indiscriminate use of fertilizer the soil health has degraded in recent past. Considering these facts Government of India has launched soil health card scheme on 19th February 2015. Since inception of soil health card scheme in order to increase agricultural production and sustain soil health, a large number of soil heath cards have been distributed to the farmers of Saharsa district of Bihar. In order to assess the impact of soil health card, on production, productivity of maize crop and farmer’s income by studying the economics of cultivation of maize crop, the present study was carried out in Sahara district of Bihar. The present work has been comprise of 140 soil tested farmers before and after the application of recommended doses of fertilizer as per soil health card. An interview schedule was prepared for the collection of data from the beneficiaries of soil health card. Data were analyzed using appropriate statistical tools. The data indicated that yield of maize crop increased by 4.12 per cent, after adopting recommendation of soil health card. The net income per acre increased from Rs. 3566 to Rs. 8558 (58.33%) after adoption of recommended doses of fertilizer. The B:C ratio increased by 23.11 per cent after adoption of soil health card. Thus, issue of soil health card to the farmers which carry crop wise recommendation of nutrients and fertilizer required for the individual farm to help farmers to improve productivity and net income. However, there is an urgent need to aware farmers about the importance of soil health card with the help of information technology as well as strengthening of present infrastructure of soil testing laboratories to increase quantity and quality of soil sample testing.
Study on economics of biochar application in cotton – maize – cowpea cropping sequence under integrated nutrient management
Authors: Elangovan R. , Rangasami S.R. Shri , Murugaragavan R. , Sekaran N. Chandra
Published: May 2023

The highest net return was found in continuous application (two times) especially in the treatment biochar @ 10 t + 100 % NPK + FYM with Rs.67,928 ha-1 followed by biochar @ 10 t + 75 % NPK + FYM treatment with Rs.67,172 ha-1. The next higher net return was registered in biochar @ 10 t + 75 % NPK + FYM treatment under one time application with Rs. 62,970/-.Comparing the studies, the two times application (biochar @ 10 t ha-1 time-1) recorded an addition of Rs. 5,565/- only over one time application. Therefore one time application (biochar @ 10 t ha-1) considered to be an economically viable management technology than two times application in the cotton – maize – cowpea cropping sequence. One time conjoint application of biochar @ 10 t ha-1 along with 75 % recommended dose of NPK fertilizers and 12.5 t ha-1 of FYM i.e., (biochar @ 10 t + 75 % NPK + FYM) to cotton and following the general recommended practices for maize and cowpea to be the best combination suited for enhancing higher benefit cost ratio of 1.45 under cotton – maize – cowpea cropping system in Inceptisol (Vertic Ustropept) of Periyanaickenpalayam series of Coimbatore District.
Physiological and bio chemical modification through bio inducer in tube rose infected with root knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita)
Authors: Senthilkumar P.
Published: May 2023

The main aim for this study is to investigate on physiological and bio chemical modification through bio inducer in tube rose infected with root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita. Two pot culture experiments was carried out during 2015-2018 for assessment of bio chemicals changes induced by selected bio stimulant in tube rose infected with root knot nematode, M. incognita. In this study bulbs of tuberose var. prajwalwas planted at the rate of 1 bulb/pot with three replications and each replication consist of two pots. The juveniles (1juvinile/g of soil) was inoculated under controlled condition. The pots wastreated with ascorbic acid - corm soaking (24hrs)+ foliar spray (45 and 90 DAP) with various concentration viz.,250 ppm,500 ppm and 1000 ppm, Humic Acid - corm Soaking (24hrs)+ foliar spray (45 and 90 DAP) 1,2 and 3 per cent, salicylic acid - corm soaking (24hrs)+ foliar spray (45 and 90 DAP) 50 ppm, 100ppm and200 ppm, monocrotophos 0.2% - corm soaking (24hrs)+ foliar spray (45 & 90 DAP). Field experiments was conducted at farm of RRS, Paiyur during the period of 2016-2017. The best performed five treatments were callout from pot culture experiments I and II and further experiment was conducted at field conditions in split plot (3mX3m) with three replications. The standard cultural practices were followed as recommended by Tamil Nadu Agricultural University,Coimbatore. The observation viz., Stalk length (Cm), Inflorescences length (cm), Stalk weight (g), Total number of florets, Nematode population in root(5g), Nematode population in soil (200cc), gall index and yield were recorded.
Diversity and seasonal availability of wild vegetables from Bhandara region of Maharshtra State, India
Authors: Chute Suprabha , Dakhane Vimal
Published: May 2023

This study records plant species used by local people in their diet (curries, vegetables), as medicine, as crops that generate income and as plants of special cultural and religious significance. The study area is restricted to local people, forest guard and vaidu that are connected with forest . They are Mainly depend on plants and plant products for their food requirement. This study reveals traditional knowledge of wild edible plants and their utilization. As different plants are available in different seasons, the name of the plant changes according to the area. This study report is based on survey, field work and interview studies on wild vegetables used by rural people and the Gond tribe of 7 Talukas in Bhandara district, Maharashtra State, India. During August 2020 to October 2022. Total of 84 plant species belonging to 42 families have been recorded as wild vegetables in the study areas, of which herb is ranked first with 45%species, followed by shrub -19%, climber- 19%, and tree -16% . Among the 84 species 40% contribute as vegetables by their leaves, 16% by fruit , 6% by flower, 7% by shoot, 6% by root and tuber, 11% by both leaves-Flower, 5% by seed. 7% by the whole plant. The greatest plant diversity and availability is found between July to September and August to October, while some specific vegetables are year-round. It is evident from the survey that most of the wild plant species are used as vegetable/chutney.
Assessment of diversity indices and rank abundance curve for herbaceous community of Junaghad district of Saurashtra
Authors: Qureshi Mubassera , Pandya Shrey , Parikh Punita , Tank Chirag
Published: May 2023

This Research was aimed at studying diversity indices and plotting a Rank Abundance Curve for herbaceous plant community at Kapuriyavadi area located in Junagadh District of Saurashtra region. The study was conducted from July to September 2021-22. Five quadrats of 1mx1m size were randomly laid down in the study area in such a way that they include maximum vegetation cover. Total number of individuals of each plant species, Rank abundance curve and Simpsons and Shannon-Wiener indices were calculated. A total of 33 plant species were identified and listed.Brachiariasp.Cyanodondactylon and Phyllanthus nirurirecorded more number of individual of species than the other species in the area, Brachiaria sp. being maximum (63 individuals) followed by C. dactylon (58) and P. niruri(47 individuals).Simpson’s and Shannon diversiy indices were then calculated for the plant community under investigation. The values were found to be 0.082 and 2.861 for Simpson’s and Shannon-Weiner respectively. To overcome shortcomings of these indices, Rank Abundance Curve to display relative species abundance was plotted for the community. The species richness was found to be maximum for Brachiaria sp. whereas the lowest were recorded for Xanthium strumarium, Calotropis procera, Sesamum sp., Trichodesma indicum, Boeerhaviaerecta and Cardiospermum halicacabum. Brachiarasps. was investigated to be the highest ranking species that have much higher abundance as compared to other species in the area. Xanthium strumarium, Calotropis procera, Sesamum sp., Trichodesma indicum, Boeerhaviaerectaand Cardiospermum halicacabumwere found to be lower raking spp. with much lower abundances. A steep gradient of the curve obtained for Rank Abundance indicated low evenness in the community since the high ranking species have much higher abundances than the low ranking species. Descriptive statistics followed by statistical test was applied to understand the variation in biodiversity indices within all quadrates.
Effect of organic manures and land configuration on growth and yield of rice bean [Vigna umbelletta (Thunb.) Ohwi and H. Ohashi] in Sikkim Himalayan Region
Authors: Chatterjee Tarama , Saren Binoy , Avasthe R. K.
Published: May 2023

Rice bean is an important underutilised pulse crop of Sikkim and Himalayan region and mostly it is grown organically on the terraces with locally available organic nutrient sources. The aim of the study was to understand the effect of locally available organic manuresand land configuration on growth and yield of the rice bean crop. Among the organic manure treatments, OM4 (FYM + mixed compost + vermicompost + poultry manure) has resulted into higher growth and yield followed by OM3 (FYM + mixed compost + vermicompost) and OM2 (FYM + mixed compost). The higher growth and yield in OM4 might be due to continuous supply of desirable nutrients to the crop throughout the seasons. Whereas, rice bean had comparatively lower growth and yield in OM1 and OM2 treated plants which might be due to less available nutrient content in FYM and mixture of FYM and mixed compost for desirable growth and yield. So, integrated application of FYM (1/4 RDN), mixed compost (1/4 RDN), + vermicompost (1/4 RDN), + poultry manure (1/4 RDN) would be helpful for farmers for achieving higher yield of rice bean. Among the land configuration techniques studied, ridge and furrow followed by broad bed and furrow techniques had resulted into higher growth and yield of the crop, which might be due to higher nutrient and moisture availability to the rice bean crop under ridge and furrow as well as broad bed furrow beds through positive impact of effective drainage of excessive rain water onhigher activities of soil microbes and enzymesin rhizospheric soil.
Influence of biochar on soil available nutrient contents in cropping sequence (Cotton-maize-mowpea)
Authors: Elangovan R. , Rangasami S.R. Shri , Murugaragavan R. , Sekaran N. Chandra
Published: May 2023

Application of biochar had significantly increased the available N, P and K contents in the post harvest soil of cotton field. However, the effect was increased with corresponding increase in the rate of application of biochar. Significantly highest values were recorded in biochar @ 10 t ha-1 application. Similar trend of direct effect was also registered in the post harvest soil of maize under both the cumulative (continuous application) and residual (one time application) studies. Proving the biochar’s ability in improving the soil physical, physico-chemical and chemical properties even in the succeeding maize crop soil. The application of biochar @ 10 t ha-1 had increased the available N by 5.21 per cent, available P by 8.97 per cent and available K by 8.18 per cent over control. Thus, proving the biochar’s ability to sustain the soil fertility status over long run.
Agreement with disjoined subjects in German
Authors: Himmelreich Anke , Hartmann Katharina
Published: May 2023

This paper presents results from an empirical study on number and person agreement with disjoined subjects in Standard German. We show that disjunctive agreement resolves to plural if one or both of the disjuncts are plural. The main empirical finding of the paper is that if both disjuncts are singular, verbal agreement is either singular or plural, irrespective of the relative order of subject and verb. We account for this observation in an Optimality Theoretic approach by assuming that the verb has to agree with each disjunct as well as with the disjunction itself, which bears a special kind of plural feature. The number feature of the verb has to match the number feature of both the disjunction and the disjuncts. This can lead to potential conflicts which as we show is the source of agreement optionality in case of singular disjunctions. Further, we discuss the effects of mismatching person in disjunctions, the effects of syncretic verb forms, as well as word order effects. Importantly, we observe that closest conjunct agreement is not consistently available in German. Finally, we present a brief excursus to agreement with disjoined subjects in other languages and discuss how data from Somali, Slovenian, and Hebrew fit into our analysis.
What constitutes adequate legal protection for the collection, use and sharing of mobility and location data in health care in South Africa?
Authors: Brand Dirk , Nienaber McKay Annelize G. , Cengiz Nezerith
Published: May 2023

Mobile phone technology has been a catalyst that has added an innovative dimension in health care and created new opportunities for digital health services. These digital devices can be viewed as an extension of the person using them due to the deluge of personal information that can be collected and stored on them. Data collected on mobile phones are used extensively in health services and research. Personal, mobility and location data are constantly collected. The unique mobile phone architecture provides for an easy flow of data between various role players such as application developers and phone manufacturers. The collection, storage and sharing of personal information on mobile phones elicit various legal questions relating to the protection of privacy, consent, liability and the accountability of stakeholders such as health insurance providers, hospital groups and national departments of health.
Significance:
We analyse the major legal concerns of mobility and location data collection and processing through mobile phones in the context of health care and provide recommendations to develop data protection guidelines that are built on the principles of lawfulness, fairness and transparency. The issues explored are of relevance in an African context and to a broader international audience.
The elementary education Turkish Republic Revolution History and Kemalism course curriculum from the perspectives of social sciences faculty members
Authors: AYAYDIN Yakup , YILMAZ Kaya
Published: May 2023

This study was conducted to investigate the perspectives of social sciences faculty members on the development of the Turkish Republic History of Revolution and Kemalism Curriculum for eighth-grade education in Turkey. The study was carried out via the Qualitative Research Method. The study participants consisted of 15 faculty members from eight different universities in Turkey. The Purposive Sampling Method was used in the selection process of the research participants. A semi-structured interview protocol developed by the researcher based on expert opinions was used to collect research data. The Descriptive Analysis Method was employed to analyse the obtained data. The study results showed that according to the faculty members, the curriculum under scrutiny should be developed through a learner-centred approach, the name of the curriculum should be changed, the time allocated for the units should be adjusted, the content of the curriculum should form a link between the past and the present, and the curriculum should make more emphasis on the economic, social and cultural developments by incorporating different perspectives. The faculty members stated that the course objectives should be developed by taking the nation’s recent past into account, emphasizing a sense of unity and solidarity, homeland-nation consciousness, and the struggles of the Turkish Republic in gaining its independence. The faculty members suggested that the learning outcomes of the curriculum should be simplified by reducing the number of standards, ensuring the balance between the time allocated for teaching and learning outcomes. From the perspectives of the participants, the curriculum should be redesigned under the principles of the Constructivist Learning Theory or learner-centred education so that students can gain a deep understanding of the subject and develop their higher-level thinking skills.
Tarih ve arkeoloji bölümü öğrenci ve personelinin Erasmus+ değişim programından elde ettiği kazanımlar: Bir doküman incelemesi
Authors: ÖZDEMİR ÇİÇEKLİTAŞ Güllühan
Published: May 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Erasmus+ Değişim Programına katılan tarih ve arkeoloji bölümü öğrenci ve personelinin 2014-2020 yılları arasında gerçekleştirdikleri faaliyetleri; gidilen ülkeler, yıllık hareketlilik sayıları, cinsiyet ve öğrenim düzeyleri dikkate alınarak katılımcıların programdan elde ettikleri kazanımları ortaya koymaktır. Erasmus+ Değişim Programı, yükseköğretim kurumlarının birbirleri ile iş birliği yapmalarını destekleyen ve mezunların istihdamını artırmayı hedefleyen bir Avrupa Birliği girişimidir. Erasmus+ Değişim Programı, Avrupa Birliği üyesi ve aday ülkelerdeki üniversiteler arasında eğitimde kalitenin artırılması ve geliştirilmesine katkıda bulunma amacını taşımaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra Erasmus+ Değişim Programı aracılığıyla katılımcıların yurt dışı deneyimi yaşamaları, farklı kültür ve yaşam tarzlarını tanıma ve öğrenme imkânı bulmaları da sağlanmaktadır. Bireylere yurt dışında bir hareketlilik veya gönüllülük dönemi geçirerek dil eğitimi alma, akademik ve mesleki eğitim, yetişkin öğrenimi ve Avrupa spor etkinlikleri alanlarında proje ortaklıklarında iş birliği yapabilmeleri için fırsatlar da sunulmuştur. Program ile öğrencilere farklı ülkelerde öğrenim ve staj yapma, personele ise anlaşmalı olan yükseköğretim kurumlarında ders verme ve eğitim alma imkânı verilmektedir. Çalışma, Avrupa Birliği Eğitim ve Gençlik Programları Merkezi Başkanlığı’ndan (Türkiye Ulusal Ajansı) 2014-2020 yıllarını kapsayan verilerin gönderilmesi nedeniyle bu yılları içerecek şekilde sınırlandırılmıştır. Bu çalışma, tarih ve arkeoloji bölümlerinin uluslararasılaşmasına dair verileri birincil kaynaktan elde ederek ortaya koyması bakımından özgün niteliktedir. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan doküman analizi kullanılarak verilerin analizi yapılmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgulara göre; Erasmus+ Öğrenim ve Staj Hareketliliği faaliyetine katılan öğrencilerin akademik ve dil kazanımlarının olumlu olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Erasmus+ Personel Hareketliliği faaliyetine katılan personelin teknoloji kullanımı kazanımı değerlendirildiğinde ise sonucun yeterli düzeyde olmadığı görülmüştür.
Tarihsel empati ölçeği-yetişkin formu: Geçerlilik ve güvenirlik çalışması
Authors: ÇALIŞKAN Hüseyin , YILDIRIM Yusuf , ÇALIŞKAN Alperen
Published: May 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı, bireyi bir bütün olarak kabul ederek yetişkinlerin biliş, duyuş ve davranış boyutlarını kapsayan tarihsel empati eğilimlerini belirlemek için geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı geliştirmektir. Dört farklı çalışma grubu kullanılan bu ölçek geliştirme çalışmasında, her bir grup, amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden kolay ulaşılabilir örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenmiştir. Çalışma grubu ise Türkiye’nin farklı illerinde yaşayan toplam 1132 yetişkin bireyden oluşmuştur. Çalışma grubu açımlayıcı faktör analizleri (AFA) için 322, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi için (DFA) 381, ölçeğin ölçüt-bağıntılı geçerlik çalışmaları için 356 yetişkin bireyden oluşmaktadır. Ayrıca test-tekrar test güvenirlik için çalışma grubu ise Marmara bölgesindeki bir devlet üniversitesinin eğitim fakültesinde öğrenim görmekte olan 73 bireyden oluşmaktadır. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda toplam varyansın %57.25’ini açıklayan “biliş”, “duyuş” ve “davranış” olmak üzere üç alt faktörden oluşan 16 maddelik bir ölçme aracı elde edilmiştir. Ölçeğin tamamı için hesaplanan iç tutarlılık güvenirlik katsayısının .88; birinci faktör için .85, ikinci faktör için .82 ve üçüncü faktör için ise .80 olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ölçeğin test-tekrar test güvenirlik katsayısının .77, birinci faktör için .72, ikinci faktör için .73 ve üçüncü faktör için .70; alt ölçeklerin madde-toplam korelasyonlarının .48 ile .62 arasında değiştiği ve %27'lik alt-üst grupların ortalamaları arasındaki tüm farkların anlamlı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak yetişkin bireylerin tarihsel empati eğilim düzeylerini tespit etmek için geliştirilen “Tarihsel Empati Ölçeği-Yetişkin Formu” ölçek geliştirme çalışmalarının psikometrik ölçütlerini iyi derecede karşıladığından geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek olduğu saptanmıştır. Empati kavramının kuramsal yapısıyla da uyumlu olduğu görülen ölçek; bilişsel, davranışsal ve duyuşsal olmak üzere üç boyuttan oluşmaktadır. Geliştirilen bu ölçek ile yetişkin bireylerin tarihsel empati eğilimlerini belirlemeye veya ilgili kavramlarla açıklamaya yönelik ilişkisel çalışmalar yapılabilir.
GEURAE SEBAGAI PEMARKAH WACANA DALAM PERCAKAPAN BAHASA KOREA
Authors:   Universitas Indonesia, Murtanu Mellyana , Usmi Usmi
Published: May 2023

In Korean, the word geurae is positioned as an exclamation in a sentence. Its use in oral communication has diverse meanings and functions. Previous research shows that, apart from conveying its basic meaning, the word geurae is also often used as a discourse marker (DM), especially in a conversation. DMs are words used by speakers to express their feelings and view about the contents of a conversation to a speech partner. The purpose of this study was to analyze the form, meaning, and function of the word geurae as a DM in Korean conversations. This literature study is linguistics description of gurae, discourse marker. Results show that the word geurae has seven discourse functions that can be categorized into two categories, namely reactive words and progressive words. As a reactive word, it is used to indicate affirmation, surprise, confirmation, and response, whereas as a progressive word, it is used to draw attention and give emphasis.
Clinical and genetic variants of hypertriglyceridemia in the practice of a lipidologist
Authors: Kim Zulfiya F. , Galyavich Albert S. , Sadykova Dinara I. , Nurieva Luiza M. , Kim Sabina S.
Published: May 2023

Background. An important role in identifying the causes and determining the prognostic significance of dyslipidemia belongs to the level of triglycerides. High triglycerides are a risk factor for the development or early onset of cardiovascular disease.
Aim. To assess the frequency of detection and causes of hypertriglyceridemia among patients receiving outpatient appointments with a lipidologist.
Material and methods. An analysis of lipid metabolism disorders in patients of the Adult Lipidology Center was carried out: 1233 people aged 1884 years, including 777 (63%) women and 456 (37%) men. Examination of patients with dyslipidemia included an examination by a cardiologist-lipidologist (with the calculation of the risk of cardiovascular complications), an assessment of the probability of familial hypercholesterolemia according to the British scale and the criteria of the Dutch lipid clinics, a biochemical blood test, an analysis of the thyroid status, the content of glycated hemoglobin, extracranial duplex scanning, according to indications echocardiography. Biomaterial samples from 421 patients with the phenotype of inherited dyslipidemia were examined by next generation sequencing to identify the carriage of APOE gene isoforms, as well as genes associated with familial hypercholesterolemia (LDLR, LDLRAP1, APOB, PCSK9). For statistical processing of research data, descriptive statistics methods were used. In a non-parametric distribution, data were expressed as Me (Q1; Q3). When performing statistical processing of the obtained data, nonparametric tests (MannWhitney test, when comparing qualitative data 2 and Fisher's exact test, odds ratio and relative risk) were used. The value of p 0.05 was taken as a criterion of significance. The nature of the data distribution was assessed using the KolmogorovSmirnov test.
Results. Elevated triglyceride levels were detected in 341 (27.66%) patients: 220 (64.5%) women and 121 (35.5%) men. Mild degree of hypertriglyceridemia occured in 42.5% of cases, moderate in 42.5%, severe in 7.6%, extremely severe in 7.4%. The genetic characteristics of patients with hypertriglyceridemia were determined, and 1 previously undescribed variant of the APOE mutation was found.
Conclusion. The most common forms of hypertriglyceridemia were mild and moderate, the most common variants of APOE mutations were p.Cys130Arg and p.Arg176Cys.
Using the method of molecular genetic typing to determine variants of the weak antigen D in the diagnosis of Rh-affiliation
Authors: Mineeva Natalia V. , Gavrovskaya Svetlana V. , Sisoeva Elena A. , Bessmeltsev Stanislav S. , Sidorkevich Sergey V.
Published: May 2023

Background. Determination of Rh-affiliation is mandatory for donors and recipients, surgical patients, pregnant women, etc. There are variants of the D antigen that are difficult to identify by serological methods, for example, a weak D antigen.
Aim. Determination of Rh-affiliation using genotyping in difficult cases, when the use of serological methods does not allow obtaining a reliable result.
Material and methods. We studied blood samples from donors (n=18), pregnant women (n=17) and patients with hematological diseases (n=15): 22 men and 28 women, median age 36 years (25 to 54 years). Serologically, antigen D was determined by gel technology in ID-cards and in an indirect antiglobulin test with anti-D-IgG reagent. Weak D antigen variants were diagnosed and phenotype determined using polymerase chain reaction with allele-specific primers. For significance of differences in the frequency of types of weak antigen D, a nonparametric statistical method using a two-tailed Fisher's exact test was used. Differences were considered statistically significant at p 0.05.
Results. The use of genotyping made it possible to detect the presence of a weak antigen D in 41 samples. Its specificity was represented by the following types: 1; 1.1; 2; 3. Other types of weak antigen D [4; 4.0; 4.1; 4.2 (DAR); 5; 11; 14; 15; 17] were absent. The study of the phenotype of erythrocyte antigens of the Rhesus system using genotyping revealed the predominance of the Ccee phenotype in people with a weak D antigen. Significant differences in the frequency of types of this antigen were revealed.
Conclusion. The use of molecular genetic typing made it possible to determine the types of the weak antigen D and to accurately determine the Rh-affiliation of the subjects.
Evaluation of osteopathic treatment of patients with distal tibia fractures in the late postoperative period
Authors: Egorova Irina A. , Dyupin Artem V. , Liverko Aleksandr A. , Chervotok Andrey E. , Filimonova Mariya N.
Published: May 2023

Background. The postoperative period is often accompanied by pain and limited mobility in the ankle joint. There is a need to evaluate the effectiveness of additional rehabilitation methods in the late postoperative period.
Aim. Evaluation of the effectiveness of complex (standard + osteopathic) treatment compared with standard restorative treatment in patients with distal tibia fractures in the late postoperative period.
Material and methods. In the course of a randomized study, patients in the late postoperative period (68 weeks after surgery; n=40) were divided into two groups: the main group (n=20) received a standard rehabilitation treatment regimen and osteopathic treatment (correction of identified somatic dysfunctions); the comparison group (n=20) only the standard rehabilitation treatment regimen. The amplitude of motion of the affected ankle joint was assessed using a goniometer, the level of pain in the affected ankle joint was assessed using a visual analogue scale, and the level of quality of life was assessed using the SF-36 questionnaire. Data are presented as arithmetic mean and standard deviation M (SD). When analyzing intergroup differences, the nonparametric MannWhitney test (U-test) was used; when analyzing intragroup differences, the nonparametric Wilcoxon test (W-test) was used. The critical level of statistical significance was taken as 5% (p=0.05).
Results. The addition of osteopathic treatment to the standard scheme led to a significant decrease in the level of pain (0.3 points in the main group, 1.5 points in the comparison group; p=0.0026), an increase in the amplitude of active movements in the ankle joint (64.7 in the main group, 51.8 in the comparison group; p=0.000217), improvement in the quality of life physical functioning (an increase in the indicator in the main group by 39 points, in the comparison group by 26 points), general health (an increase in the indicator in the main group by 47 points, in the comparison group by 28 points).
Conclusion. Combined treatment (standard plus osteopathic) improves the results of restorative treatment compared with standard therapy alone in patients with fractures of the distal tibia in the late postoperative period.