bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
1. Twentieth-Century Debates on the Translatability of the Qur’an in the Middle East
Authors: Yakubovych Mykhaylo
Published: February 2024

Chapter One, ‘Twentieth-Century Debates on the Translatability of the Qur’an in the Middle East’, covers not only the period of the first debates over the translatability of the Qur’an in the Muslim world (primarily Egypt, Syria, and Iraq) during the early- and mid-twentieth century but also the local development of the ‘translation movement’ in the Saudi context. It discusses the significance to these debates of a corpus of religious texts by authors ranging from the twelfth-century thinker Ibn Taymiyya to later scholars from the eighteenth-century family of Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Wahhāb and how these came to form a kind of exegetical canon, both in essential terms (that is, what exactly should be interpreted) and textually (which sources are ‘suitable’ to do that with). This hermeneutics also incorporates the problem of translation [tarjama] and the limits of interpretation, for example, ideas about which meanings can be explained in Arabic and explicitly transferred to other languages. The chapter also briefly addresses foreign language learning in Saudi Arabia and modern developments in higher education there.
Relationship between Famine and Climatic Disasters in China during the Qing Dynasty
Authors: Wei Zhudeng , Li Beibei
Published: February 2024

Famine poses a significant threat to human food security and sustainable development. This study investigates the prevalence and magnitude of famine and its connection to climatic change/disasters at different spatiotemporal scales. The famine index was reconstructed using 13 828 famine-related literature records in China during the Qing Dynasty (CE 1644–1911). The study found that extreme drought/flood events instantaneously triggered famine at the seasonal to interannual scale, leading to intermittent occurrences of great famines. Drought-induced famine was the most prominent. Famine was positively correlated with drought in both short-term variations and long-term trends across different regions. The effect of floods on famines was double-edged and varied between the north and south of China. The severe famines that occurred between 1811 and 1878 were related to both climatic cooling and an increase in drought/flood events under a situation of growing population pressure on resources. The greatest famine of 1876–78 was probably the result of long-term interactions among intensifying human–land contradictions since the early nineteenth century, periodic droughts in north China, and a weakening of regional buffering mechanisms due to flood-induced declines in south China.
Internalized stigma: Social support, coping, psychological distress, and mental well-being among older adults in Ghana
Authors: Oti-Boadi Mabel , Andoh-Arthur Johnny , Abekah-Carter Kwamina , Abukuri Daniel Naawenkangua
Published: February 2024

Background:

Older adults have been found to internalize stigma from society and this has been linked to several variables including social support, coping, psychological distress, and mental well-being. However, there is a dearth of research on how these variables interact with each other to impact the life of older adults.

Aims:

This study employed path analysis to explore social support and coping as boundary conditions and underlying mechanisms in the link between internalized stigma, psychological distress, and mental well-being, among older adults in Ghana.

Method:

Using a cross-sectional design, the study recruited 167 older adults who responded to standardized questionnaires including The Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness scale, Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale, The Brief Coping Inventory, Kessler Distress Scale, and the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale, to determine levels of internalized stigma, social support, coping strategies, psychological distress, and mental well-being, respectively.

Results:

The findings revealed that at low levels of social support, there is a significant and positive correlation between internalized stigma and mental well-being (β = −.36, SE = 0.17, p  < .001). Path analysis showed that the relationship between internalized stigma and mental well-being was fully mediated by problem-focused coping (β = .11, p = . 001, 95% CI [0.04, 0.21]), but not psychological distress. Problem-focused coping was also found to have a significant positive correlation with mental well-being but no significant correlation with psychological distress. Conversely, avoidant-focused coping was found to have a significant positive correlation with psychological distress and a significant negative correlation with mental well-being.

Conclusions:

This study revealed the importance of social support and coping to attaining mental well-being among older adults. This study provides insights into the development of tailored interventions aimed at improving social support and problem-focused coping among older Ghanaian adults facing internalized stigma, and it also establishes a base for future research.
Influence of stress, anxiety, and depression on sleep quality and academic performance of medical students in Fallujah University, Iraq
Authors: Al Ani Hajer MJ , Al Shawi Ameel F , Lafta Riyadh K , Abdulqadir Omnia , Nadhim Sarah , Abdulkarim Shaffa
Published: February 2024

Background:

There is a relation between sleep quality, mental health, and academic performance among medical students. Students who experience better sleep quality and have good mental health will exhibit higher academic performance compared to those who have reduced sleep quality and poor psychological health.

Objective:

To assess the relation between mental health problems, sleep quality, and academic performance among medical students in the stage of clinical training at the University of Fallujah, Iraq.

Methods:

In this cross-sectional study, a self-administered questionnaire was adopted that gathered three validated and previously used screening tools: The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), and the AHELO Self-Assessment Questionnaire.

Results:

The findings revealed a high prevalence of anxiety, 40% of the students reported experiencing mild to moderate anxiety, while 24.1% showed severe anxiety, 20.0% experienced mild depression, and 10.8% had moderate depression. There was a significant negative correlation between stress and academic performance (Pearson’s r = −.333, p < .001), between depression and academic performance (Pearson’s r = −.437, p < .001), and between anxiety and academic performance (Pearson’s r = −.417, p < .001).

Conclusion:

Mental health problems are prevalent among medical students represented by the study sample, and are significantly correlated to the students’ academic performance.
Navigating the legal complexities of telesurgery in China: An assessment of tort liability and the path forward
Authors: Xue Jiao , Weng Sunzhe
Published: February 2024

This study investigates the legal challenges posed by telesurgery, an emergent healthcare modality facilitated by advancements in 5G and Artificial Intelligence. It highlights the urgent need for a comprehensive legal framework reconciling the complexities of healthcare delivery and technology integration. The paper examines the Chinese adjudication of negligence and the evidentiary hurdles in telesurgery, interrogating the application of the ‘reasonable doctor’ standard, the intricate causation-negligence nexus and the distribution of evidentiary burdens. The analysis contends that current statutes require revision to apportion telesurgery-induced damages fairly. Further, it proposes the formation of multidisciplinary committees to oversee medical technology, calls for systemic reforms, more reasonable liability differentiation and fortifying medical insurance frameworks.
Cost Analysis of Implementing a 12-Month Recertification Criterion for Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program’s AIDS Drug Assistance Program in Washington State
Authors: Erly Steven , Dombrowski Julia C. , Khosropour Christine , Reuer Jennifer R. , Boersema Kandis , Sharma Monisha
Published: February 2024

Objective:

AIDS Drug Assistance Programs (ADAPs) are state-administered programs that pay for medical care and medication for people living with HIV (PLWH) in the United States. In October 2021, the federal policy requiring that clients recertify for the program every 6 months was repealed, giving states the authority to set their own recertification policies. However, little data exist on the costs and health effects of alternative recertification schedules. We assessed the cost of changing the legacy 6-month recertification to a 12-month schedule in Washington State to inform policy decisions on recertification.

Methods:

We used a Markov model to simulate the population of PLWH in Washington State who are eligible or enrolled in ADAP. We obtained model inputs and validation data from the Washington State Ryan White database. We estimated the cost of 12-month and 6-month criteria over a 5-year time horizon. Model outputs included annual program costs, population sizes, and number of people virally suppressed, by scenario.

Results:

Under a continuation of the legacy 6-month recertification criteria, the annual cost of Washington ADAP would be $37 663 000 (95% CI, $34 570 000-$41 686 000) during the next 5 years, with a per-client cost of $7966 (95% CI, $7478-$8494). Under 12-month criteria, the annual cost would be $40 217 000 (95% CI, $36 243 000-$44 401 000) and the per-client cost would be $7543 (95% CI, $7084-$8042). Under the 12-month scenario, 245 more people will have been virally suppressed by the end of 2025.

Conclusions:

Switching to a less frequent recertification process may improve health outcomes at a modest increase in cost in Washington State.
Thoracic outlet syndrome caused by superior mediastinal mass: A case report
Authors: Kakamad Fahmi H , Asaad Saywan Kakarash , Tahir Soran H , Sabr Nasren Sharef , Ghafour Adullah K , Omer Choman Sabah , Rashid Rezheen J , Hama Amin Bnar J , Kareem Pavel Mustafa , Mohammed Mohammed Subhan
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) caused by superior mediastinal soft tissue mass has never been reported in the literature, the aim of this study is to discuss a case of TOS caused by a superior mediastinal mass in which the histopathological examinations of the mass showed vascular malformation.

Case report

A 45-year-old female presented with left upper limb pain and numbness for three months, associated with swelling and attacks of shortness of breath. Imaging studies showed soft tissue mass involving the superior mediastinum. The condition of the patient deteriorated and the signs and symptoms of TOS became clearer, all provocative tests and nerve conduction studies were positive. The patient underwent thoracic outlet decompression. The patient did not respond and the symptoms deteriorated further. After a multidisciplinary board discussion, the patient was prepared for median sternotomy under general anesthesia. A total resection of the mass was done. The patient was totally relieved a few hours after the operation.

Discussion

The etiology of TOS can be multifaceted. Several factors contribute to its onset, and these can be categorized as congenital or acquired. Congenital causes include anatomical anomalies such as a cervical rib, or an elongated transverse process of the cervical vertebrae. These anatomical deviations can reduce the size of the thoracic outlet and make it prone to compression.

Conclusion

Although it is rare, TOS could be due to superior mediastinal mass and the treatment of choice is total resection either through median sternotomy or thoracoscopic procedure.
Am I My Brothers’ Keeper? A Critical Review of Mandated Collaboration Research
Authors: Sullivan Andrew Alfred , Yeo Jungwon , Kim Saerim
Published: February 2024

To synthesize and examine the growing literature on mandated collaboration, we conducted a critical literature review of the growing literature on mandated collaboration, asking what the field of public administration knows about its purposes, mechanisms, contexts, and performances. Mandated collaboration occurs when a third party requires and enforces collaboration among other potential collaborators. We find four takeaways: (a) mandators require collaboration to address complex problems; (b) mandators enforce collaboration through hierarchical authority and market-based incentives; (c) mandated collaboration occurs across several policy contexts; and (d) the context surrounding the collaboration affects its success. We conclude with three unknowns, regarding how mandated collaboration achieves policy goals, if mandators are collaborators, and the willingness of participants required to collaborate. Our review enhances public administration's understanding of collaborative governance by offering insight into the governance tool of mandating collaboration, contexts under which it succeeds, and steps for future research.
Tones shape notes: The realization of lexical tones in Chaozhou songs
Authors: Zhang Xi
Published: February 2024

In tone languages where pitch is used to distinguish word meanings, questions arise about how tonal pitch is preserved in singing. While most studies focus on tone-melody matching by examining pitch changes between tones/notes, the pitch change of tones realized within individual notes is less investigated. This article explores how singers realized tones when singing in Chaozhou, a Southern Chinese language with a complex tonal system. It used a Chaozhou song containing 10 tonal patterns to collect data from 34 Chaozhou singers. Results show that tones are realized to varying degrees when sung, and pitch range, pitch level, and neighboring pitch of tones appear to be influential factors. Vocal training affected the realization of falling tones /53/ and /42/ by reducing the pitch fall and also affected rising tone /23/ with a larger pitch change being found for non-professional singers than for professionals. However, the singers’ experience of singing in Chaozhou did not greatly affect the tone realization. An effect of the metrical structure was only found for tones /53/ and /42/. In addition, tone sandhi affects tones /53/ and /21/. The analysis also hints at the potential effect of melodic intervals on the pitch change of tones when sung.
Housing ideology and urban residential change: The rise of co-living in the financialized city
Authors: White Tim , Madden David
Published: February 2024

This article develops the concept of housing ideology in order to analyze the rise of co-living. Housing ideology refers to the dominant ideas and knowledge about housing that are used to justify and legitimize the housing system and its place within the broader political economy. Co-living is the term for privately operated, for-profit multiple occupancy rental housing. The article argues that the rise of co-living is supported by four key ideological elements—corporate futurism, technocratic urbanism, market populism and curated collectivism—which serve to legitimize co-living within the housing system and enable its profitability. The ideology of co-living appears to critique many elements of the contemporary urban housing system. But despite its critical self-image, co-living does not represent an alternative to today’s financialized urbanization. Ultimately, the article argues for the importance of understanding the role of housing ideologies in residential change.
Vagus nerve stimulation inhibits cortical spreading depression via glutamate-dependent TrkB activation mechanism in the nucleus tractus solitarius
Authors: Liu Tzu-Ting , Chen Shih-Pin , Wang Shuu-Jiun , Yen Jiin-Cherng
Published: February 2024

Background

Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) was recently found to inhibit cortical spreading depression (CSD), the underlying mechanism of migraine aura, through activation of the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), locus coeruleus (LC) and dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN). The molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of VNS on CSD in these nuclei remain to be explored. We hypothesized that VNS may activate glutamate receptor-mediated tropomyosin kinase B (TrkB) signaling in the NTS, thereby facilitating the noradrenergic and serotonergic neurotransmission to inhibit CSD.

Methods

To investigate the role of TrkB and glutamate receptors in non-invasive VNS efficacy on CSD, a validated KCl-evoked CSD rat model coupled with intra-NTS microinjection of selective antagonists, immunoblot and immunohistochemistry was employed.

Results

VNS increased TrkB phosphorylation in the NTS. Inhibition of intra-NTS TrkB abrogated the suppressive effect of VNS on CSD and CSD-induced cortical neuroinflammation. TrkB was found colocalized with glutamate receptors in NTS neurons. Inhibition of glutamate receptors in the NTS abrogated VNS-induced TrkB activation. Moreover, the blockade of TrkB in the NTS attenuated VNS-induced activation of the LC and DRN.

Conclusions

VNS induces the activation of glutamate receptor-mediated TrkB signaling in the NTS, which might modulate serotonergic and norepinephrinergic innervation to the cerebral cortex to inhibit CSD and cortical inflammation.
Route Optimization of Hazardous Material (Hazmat) Transportation with Risk Equity and Time-Varying Risk
Authors: Liu Liping , Gan Xiaofeng , Wu Qing , Sun Zhengwei
Published: February 2024

This paper strives for route optimization of hazardous material (hazmat) for given probabilities and consequences. We aim to not only develop a model to determine the route with the least total risk and cost, but also pursue risk equity from three perspectives of government, enterprises, and society in the route optimization. Specifically, this paper reduces the differences of population exposure risk among road segments by using the threshold setting method and decreases the differences of environmental risk by minimizing the risk compensation cost caused by the additional environmental risk exceeding its average for each road segment. In addition, this paper analyzes the impact of the time-varying characteristics of risk and risk equity and proposes a multi-objective route optimization model which considers the minimization of total risk, cost, and risk differences under time-varying conditions. Finally, the ε-constraint method and an improved genetic algorithm are used to optimize the model, which is applied to a case study involving hazardous materials transportation route optimization in Shanghai, China. The resulting analyses indicate that risk equity can be improved by setting a proper threshold to acquire feasible paths and by minimizing the compensation cost to control the differences of environmental risk. Considering variance of time in the route optimization may lead to a route with lower risk and better risk equity.
Comparative Analysis of Different Accessibility to Transportation Stations Gap Indices
Authors: Algaidan Hiba , Shad Rouzbeh , Attya Hussein
Published: February 2024

In this paper, an analytical methodology is presented for computing the accessibility of transportation stations gap (ATSG) using differences between the accessibility indices for the public and private stations within a certain travel time thresholds in the city of Mashhad, Iran. Analyzing the conceptual differences among current modal accessibility methods of transportation stations can help to evaluate ATSG more accurately and minimizes the number of gaps between the private and public transportation stations. To address this need, we conducted a comparative analysis of the different accessibility methods and developed a novel approach based on spatio-temporal analysis. Three accessibility models were analyzed—contour (cumulative) (CN), potential access (PA), and gravity metric (GM)—considering three spatial factors (land use, transportation infrastructure, and population densities). Temporal factors including three travel time thresholds (3, 15, and 60 min) and three peak time periods (morning, noon, and afternoon) were analyzed to calculate the ATSG values for the private and public modes. Resulted ATSG values indicated superior accessibility for private cars in all three time thresholds applying three methods. However, our subsequent in-depth analysis of results determined that the ATSG values fluctuated as the time thresholds changed in the CN and PA methods. In the GM method, these values systematically increased as the time thresholds increased. The consequences of the GM method were more in line with reality and showed higher accuracy compared with others.
Analysis of Web Browsing Data: A Guide
Authors: Clemm von Hohenberg Bernhard , Stier Sebastian , Cardenal Ana S. , Guess Andrew M. , Menchen-Trevino Ericka , Wojcieszak Magdalena
Published: February 2024

The use of individual-level browsing data, that is, the records of a person’s visits to online content through a desktop or mobile browser, is of increasing importance for social scientists. Browsing data have characteristics that raise many questions for statistical analysis, yet to date, little hands-on guidance on how to handle them exists. Reviewing extant research, and exploring data sets collected by our four research teams spanning seven countries and several years, with over 14,000 participants and 360 million web visits, we derive recommendations along four steps: preprocessing the raw data; filtering out observations; classifying web visits; and modelling browsing behavior. The recommendations we formulate aim to foster best practices in the field, which so far has paid little attention to justifying the many decisions researchers need to take when analyzing web browsing data.
Rotor profile improvement by optimizing meshing curve for helical roots blowers in HFCV application
Authors: Li Dantong , He Zhilong , Ma Kai , Sun Chongzhou , Xing Ziwen
Published: February 2024

This paper introduced a novel design and optimization method of the Roots profile to enhance the performance of helical Roots blowers in Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle applications. The proposed profile was generated based on defined meshing curves, and thus the shape of meshing curves can be explicitly optimized. First, the mathematical models for Roots profile generation based on meshing curves were presented. Next, the influence of the shape of meshing curves on the geometric performance of Roots rotors was investigated, and the meshing curve was further optimized using a genetic algorithm. Finally, the CFD method was employed to identify the specific performance enhancement brought by the optimized Roots profile. Results showed that the proposed profile design method could flexibly adjust the shape of meshing curves so as to intuitively control the spatial leakage channels formed by helical rotors. The optimized profile boosted the volumetric and adiabatic efficiency of the Roots blower up to 2.87%, and 1.89%, respectively, compared to the original one. The leakage analysis indicated that the performance improvement was attributed to the reduction of the leakage rate caused by the blow-hole and contact line. The conclusions obtained could effectively support the development of high-efficiency helical Roots blowers.
Thermal performance of three concentrating collectors with bifacial PV cells. Part II – parametrical study
Authors: Lança Miguel , Gomes João , Cabral Diogo , Hosouli Sahand
Published: February 2024

One of the problems in using PV cells to extract energy from sunlight is the temperature effect on PV cells. As the solar panel is heated, the conversion efficiency of light to electrical energy is diminished. Moreover, successive temperature elevations can cause dilatations in the array of cells which may also contribute to the degradation of the receiver. Some of the operating temperature mitigation approaches may include air-flow ventilation. In this study, data obtained by experimental and numerical simulations of a collector with bifacial PV cells is compared to the expressions found in the literature for the estimation of the heat transfer coefficient. Forced ventilation was applied to the studied collector as it accounts for much better heat dissipation. A new correlation for the estimation of the heat transfer coefficient is developed for such a geometry, for inlet velocities ranging between 3 and 8 m/s. Values of heat transfer coefficient estimated in the present work have been compared with studies of other researchers.
The effects of self-disclosure and gender on a climate scientist’s credibility and likability on social media
Authors: Kim Nahyun , Skurka Chris , Madden Stephanie
Published: February 2024

To examine whether different types of disclosure made by climate scientists on social media influence perceived source credibility (i.e. competence, integrity, benevolence) and likability, we conducted a 2 (self-disclosure type: personal vs political) × 3 (proportion of posts including a self-disclosure: 20% vs 50% vs 80%) × 2 (gender identity of scientist: male vs female) between-subjects experiment ( N = 734). We found that people liked the scientist more for a personal than political disclosure, rated them as being more competent for a political disclosure, and liked a female scientist more than a male scientist. However, scientist’s gender did not moderate the effect of disclosure type or the effect of participants’ gender. Our results suggest distinct benefits when scientists deliver different types of messages on social media, although disclosure is unlikely to have substantial effects on lay judgments of scientists’ credibility.
Health, mental health, and hearing indigenous voices
Authors: Amos Andrew
Published: February 2024

Objective

To identify the issues raised by the unsuccessful Voice referendum and propose removal of barriers to reporting and prevention of family violence in remote communities as the most ambitious measure of success in hearing First Nations voices.

Conclusions

The Voice referendum was partly justified to improve the mental health of First Nations Australians, despite concern the process and its outcome might worsen both. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander leaders revealed the tensions that arise between individual and communal interests when marginalised groups fight for self-determination. While a unified First Nation Voice is likely to amplify prominent messengers, we should also be interested in hearing diverse, dissenting voices. As the most marginalised group within a marginalised community, the ability to hear the voices of women and children subject to family violence in rural/remote Australian communities may be the best measure of success in overcoming the barriers that was the motivation for the referendum.
The Efficacy of an SFBT-Based Positive Psychology Intervention in Promoting University Students’ Post-Traumatic Growth and Psychological Resilience After the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Quasi-Experiment
Authors: Wang Chun-Ying , Shen Li , Shields John , Huang Qian-Chuan , Wu Yu-Jia , Yin Jue-Wen , Zhao Jia-Lin
Published: February 2024

Purpose: This study examines the efficacy of a positive psychology intervention involving solution-focused brief therapy (SFBT) techniques in promoting university students' post-traumatic growth and psychological resilience after the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The research hypotheses were tested via a quasi-experimental design with pre- and post-tests including three groups: intervention ( n = 28), active control ( n = 25), and control groups ( n = 57). We followed convenience sampling and recruited Chinese students after the peak of the pandemic. Results: Repeated-measures ANOVA revealed that there were significant main effects of groups in post-traumatic growth, F(2, 107) = 3.17, p < .05, η2 = .05, and psychological resilience, F(2, 107) = 4.19, p < .05, η2 = .06. The SFBT-based positive psychology intervention significantly increased both positive outcomes in the intervention group. Discussion: By applying SFBT techniques in positive psychology interventions, pandemic experiences can become an opportunity for students' positive growth.
Cat Scratch Disease of the Breast/Axilla: Recognition of a Rare Disease and Approaches for Differential Diagnosis
Authors: Wang Jing , Yan Mingfei , Bomeisl Philip , Cherian Sarah Sree , Gilmore Hannah , Khattab Ruba , Harbhajanka Aparna
Published: February 2024

Cat scratch disease rarely presents as a breast or axillary mass mimicking carcinoma both clinically and radiologically. Diagnosing breast/axillary cat scratch disease is challenging due to its rarity and nonspecific findings. Here, we reported 2 patients with breast cat scratch disease and reviewed 14 patients with cat scratch disease involving breast/axilla from the past 30 years. It mainly affects women (median age: 48), consistently presenting as axillary lymphadenopathy, and demonstrates ipsilateral breast mass in half of patients (50%, 8/16). The breast mass was most commonly located in the upper outer quadrant (88%, 7/8), indicating the possibility of disease extension from axillary adenopathy. Around half of patients (56%, 9/16) reported cat exposure. Histologically, most patients (93%, 14/15) presented as necrotizing granulomas, with characteristic stellate-shaped necrosis in 5 patients. Although pathologic differential diagnoses between cat scratch disease and cancer are straightforward, distinguishing cat scratch disease from other granulomatous mastitis poses diagnostic challenges. Silver stains should be included in the diagnostic workup panel when highly suspecting cat scratch disease clinically. However, they were only able to highlight the causative microorganism in 54% (7/18) patients, and the gram stain was negative in all 12 tested patients. In contrast, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the causative microorganism was consistently positive in all 3 tested patients, while serologic test confirmed diagnosis in 85% (11/13) patients; 1 patient with negative serology showed a positive PCR result. Therefore, upfront PCR tests with or without serologic study should be considered to confirm the diagnosis of cat scratch disease in a timely manner.
Predicting Outcomes of a Manualized Individual Career Counseling Intervention Over a One-Year Follow-Up From Trajectories of Change in Career Decision Difficulties
Authors: Milot-Lapointe Francis , Le Corff Yann
Published: February 2024

This study tested whether trajectories of career decision difficulties identified in Milot-Lapointe and Le Corff (2023) predict outcomes of a manualized individual career counseling intervention 12 months after the intervention. Participants were 248 individuals who received an average of 7.79 sessions at a career counseling clinic and were reassessed 12 months after the intervention. Results showed that clients who experienced an optimal (Classes 1 and 2; 66% of clients) or a positive change but suboptimal (Class 3; 21% of clients) change during career counseling had negligible career decision difficulties 12 months after the intervention and were satisfied with their career decision, career situation and with counseling. Clients in Class 4, who did not experience any change during counseling (13% of clients), had significantly higher decision difficulties, were less satisfied with their career decision, career situation, counseling, and had lower life satisfaction at the 12-month follow-up compared to clients in the other classes. Results demonstrate the long-term utility of individual career counseling in producing, on average, sustainable positive outcomes for a large proportion of clients (87%). They also offer insights into the longitudinal consequences associated to variability in career counseling as clients who did not experience any change during counseling achieved poorer outcomes on the long run.
Investigating the Impact on Long-Term Outcomes and the Necessity of Hereditary Thrombophilia Screening in Presumed or Perinatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Bektaş Ömer , Göktaş Özben Akıncı , Atasay Begüm , Teber Serap
Published: February 2024

This study aimed to investigate the influence of prothrombotic risk factors on long-term outcomes of patients with perinatal arterial ischemic stroke. The study was conducted through an analysis of monitoring results that were regularly maintained for approximately 20 years at a tertiary stroke-monitoring center. The study assessed prothrombotic risk factors, radiological area of involvement, clinical presentation, treatments, clinical outcomes, and long-term outcomes of the 48 patients included in the study, with a mean monitoring time of 77.6 ± 45.7 months (range: 6-204). Our results showed that the presence of prothrombotic risk factors did not affect long-term outcomes. However, patients with middle cerebral artery infarction had the highest risk of developing cerebral palsy, whereas those with presumed stroke had the highest risk of developing epilepsy. This study suggests that prothrombotic risk factors should not be evaluated during the acute stage unless there is a strong suspicion of the patient's history, and prevention or early diagnosis of presumed stroke patients will positively impact their long-term prognosis.
Analysis on scattering characteristics of SH guided wave due to V-notch in a piezoelectric bi-material strip
Authors: Zhang Xi-Meng , Qi Hui
Published: February 2024

In this paper, the problem of a V-notch with complex boundary conditions in a piezoelectric bi-material strip is studied. First, SH guided wave is considered as an external load acting on the piezoelectric bi-material strip; on the basis of repeated image superposition, the analytical expression of scattering wave is conducted, which satisfies the stress-free and electric insulation conditions on the upper and lower horizontal boundaries of the strip. Then, the analytical expression of standing wave is established, which satisfies the stress-free and electric insulation conditions on the boundaries of V-notch by the fractional Bessel function expansion method and Graf addition theorem. Finally, Green’s function method is applied, the bi-material strip is divided into two parts along the vertical interface, a pair of in-plane electric field and out-plane forces is applied on the vertical interface, and the first kind of Fredholm integral equations is set up and solved by applying the orthogonal function expansion technique and effective truncation. Results clarified the influence on the dynamic stress concentration factor and electric field intensity concentration factor under proper conditions. Besides, the analytical solutions are compared with the finite element solutions to verify the accuracy of the conclusions in this article.
Some decay properties in extensible thermoelastic beam with Gurtin–Pipkin’s law
Authors: Aouadi Moncef
Published: February 2024

In this article, we derive the equations that constitute the mathematical model of extensible thermoelastic beam in the context of second sound model which turns to the Gurtin–Pipkin’s one. These nonlinear governing equations are derived according to the von Kármán theory and simplified by the Euler–Bernoulli approximation in the context of Gurtin–Pipkin’s law. Even more so, the case of Fourier’s law can be recovered from the derived system one through a proper singular limit procedure, where the memory kernel collapses into the Dirac mass at zero. Then, we show that the Gurtin–Pipkin’s derived model is globally well-posed using the semigroup theory and the corresponding solutions decay exponentially under a condition on physical coefficients of the model. Finally, by an approach based on the Gearhart–Herbst–Prüss–Huang theorem, we prove that the linear (without extensibility) associated semigroup is not analytic. Finally, we show that Cattaneo’s law is a particular example of Gurtin–Pipkin’s law for suitable choice of the memory kernel.
Dr. Joseph Biederman’s Enduring Legacy: Illuminating the Path to Addressing Autistic Traits in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder With Transcranial Photobiomodulation
Authors: Ceranoglu Tolga Atilla , Hutt Vater Chloe
Published: February 2024

Objective:

To review the existing literature on transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) treatment effects on Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), in search for an effective treatment of a symptom cluster identified largely by contributions from late Dr. Biederman who asserted that they frequently present with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).

Method:

A survey of two databases, PubMed and PsycINFO, for clinical trials reporting on tPBM treatment in ASD was performed. Identified manuscripts that met eligibility criteria were then reviewed.

Results:

Three original manuscripts reporting findings on a heterogenous group of study methods met the eligibility criteria. Despite the heterogenous nature of study designs, findings from all three studies reported tPBM treatment to be associated with improvements in ASD symptoms. No serious or treatment limiting adverse events were reported.

Conclusions:

A nascent body of research suggests further clinical studies investigating efficacy of tPBM in treatment of ASD symptoms should be supported.
Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome in Mothers of Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Yılmaz Yavuz , Uzun Cicek Ayla
Published: February 2024

Objective:

To examine the cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS) symptoms of mothers of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Method:

The participants consisted of 223 mothers of children with ADHD, and data were collected using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Disorders-Clinician Version (SCID-5-CV), the Stroop Test (ST), the Barkley Adult SCT Scale (CDS), and the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS).

Results:

The participants were divided into four groups based on psychopathology: the group without any psychiatric disorder, the group with only ADHD, the group with a psychiatric disorder other than ADHD, and the group with another psychiatric disorder along with ADHD. The group with any psychiatric disorder along with ADHD had the highest CDS scores, while the group without any psychopathology had the lowest CDS scores.

Conclusion:

CDS seems to be a construct associated with both ADHD and other internalizing disorders. Further studies are needed to shed more light on these relationships.
When Social Media Influencer Endorsement Backfires: Unpacking Fallout From Explicit Endorsements Across Brand Equity Levels
Authors: Rathjens Bobbie , Wu Aili , Zhang Lu , Wei Wei
Published: February 2024

By applying the two-step flow theory, this research examines if the level of brand equity impacts consumers’ attitudes toward social media influencers and consumers’ visit intention, and if influencers’ recommendation type plays a moderating role in the process. This research employs a scenario-based experimental design. Study 1 examines the main effect of brand equity on consumers’ attitudes toward the influencer and consumers’ visit intention. Results demonstrated that high brand equity enhances consumers’ positive attitudes toward the influencer and visit intention. Study 2 examines the moderating effect of recommendation type on consumers’ attitudes and visit intention. Findings revealed that while explicit recommendations of high-equity brands yield higher visit intention and attitudes towards the influencer, explicit recommendations of low-equity brands backfire, resulting in lower attitudes toward the influencer. Additionally, trust emerges as a significant mediator when recommendations are explicit rather than implicit. When the recommendation is implicit, there is no (indirect) effect.
Smart Service Interactional Experience for Family Travelers: Scale Development and Validation
Authors: Zhang Tingting , Lu Lu , Chi Oscar Hengxuan , Lu Can , Cobanoglu Cihan
Published: February 2024

This study explores the key features of the smart service interactional experience (SSIE) and develops and validates a scale based on the perspectives of family travelers. Through multiple stages of qualitative and quantitative investigations using U.S. and U.K. samples, this study identified eight distinct features of SSIE: efficiency, ease of use, learning, socialization, newness, safety, flow, and seamlessness. The study findings also validate the aforementioned scale through two robustness tests and reveal significant relationships between the aforementioned SSIE attributes and the service encounter evaluations of family travelers. This study theoretically contributes to the development of smart hotel conceptualizations and the nascent research on family travelers. Furthermore, the study findings imply many valuable, practical suggestions for hotel practitioners who plan to invest in smart hotel operations and target family travelers.
Objective Measurement of Experiences in Tourism and Hospitality: A Systematic Review of Methodological Approaches and Best Practices
Authors: Lin Yeqiang (Kevin) , Mitas Ondrej , Shen Ye (Sandy) , Bastiaansen Marcel , Strijbosch Wim
Published: February 2024

Understanding the complex and dynamic nature of experiences requires the use of proper measurement tools. As interest grows in the objective measurement of experiences within tourism and hospitality, there is an urgent need to consolidate and synthesize these studies. Thus, this study investigated prevalent objective measurement techniques via a systematic review. We analyzed physiological measures such as electroencephalography (EEG), heart rate variability (HRV), skin conductance (SC), and facial electromyography (fEMG) along with behavioral measures, including eye tracking and location tracking. This review identified 100 empirical studies that employed objective measurement to examine tourism and hospitality experiences over the last decade, highlighting trends, research contexts and designs, and the synergies between different methods. Our discussion on methodological issues and best practices will help researchers and practitioners identify the best tools to capture people’s experiences and promote more standardized practices and comparable findings on studying experiences in tourism and hospitality settings.
The features of dome-shape Macula and related complications in high myopia on optical coherence tomography
Authors: Zhang Yanyan , Qin Xiuhong , Zhang Linyi , Chen Chunhong , Wu Meng , Li Yanzhen
Published: February 2024

Purpose

This study used optical coherence tomography scanning and 3D reconstruction of the macular region in high myopia to examine more thoroughly and carefully the differences between high myopia-related macular complications with and without dome-shape macula (DSM) and to determine whether the DSM's fine structure has an effect on them.

Methods

Retrospective analysis of the medical records of 345 eyes with high myopia who underwent an optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination. They were divided into the DSM group (69 eyes) and the group without DSM (276 eyes). Macular complications between the two groups were compared. The height of the DSM and the diameter of the dome base were measured. And then the association between DSM type, protrusion height and macular problems were analyzed.

Results

Epiretinal membrane (ERM) and extrafoveal schisis occurred more frequently in the DSM group, but the was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of foveal schisis between the two groups. The majority of eyes in the DSM categorization had a horizontal oval-shaped domain. In the DSM group, there was no evident difference in the percentage of eyes with macular complications in the groups below 150 um and above 150 um.

Conclusions

OCT examination-based fine macular structure analysis reveals that DSM affects various macular problems in distinct ways. DSM could increase the risk of extrafoveal schisis and ERM while decreasing the risk of foveal schisis. The height of the DSM had no obvious impact on the prevalence of macular complications.
Effects of virtual reality on pain induced by arteriovenous fistula needle insertion in patients undergoing hemodialysis: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Namazinia Mohammad , Mohajer Samira , Abbaspour Seddigheh , Lopez Violeta , Sarboozi-Hoseinabadi Tahere
Published: February 2024

Background:

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by irreversible damage to renal function. For patients undergoing replacement therapies like hemodialysis (HD), the pain caused by arteriovenous fistula (AVF) cannulation becomes a significant aspect of their daily lives. This study aimed to examine the impact of virtual reality (VR) distraction techniques on the pain experienced during AVF needle insertion in patients undergoing HD.

Materials and methods:

This randomized clinical trial (RCT) recruited a total of 60 patients undergoing HD from the 9 Dey Hospital in Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran, between March and August 2022. These patients were then divided into two groups: the intervention group and the control group. The intervention group received distraction techniques using the Shinecon 4th Gen Virtual Reality Headset, while the control group received routine care services. To assess the level of pain experienced during AVF cannulation, the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was utilized. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS20. Various statistical tests, including the Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, Multiple linear regression, and independent-samples t-test, were employed for data analysis. Additionally, Cohen’s d was used to determine the effect size of the intervention.

Results:

The analysis of the data revealed a statistically significant difference in the mean (SD) pain scores between the control group (7.6 ± 0.8) and the intervention group (5.1 ± 0.9) ( p < 0.002 after Bonferroni correction). Furthermore, it was observed that a majority of patients in the intervention group reported experiencing moderate pain, whereas the control group experienced more severe pain.

Conclusions:

The study findings demonstrated that the use of virtual reality (VR) was effective in reducing the intensity of pain experienced during AVF needle insertion in patients undergoing HD. Based on these results, it is recommended to incorporate VR as a routine practice in the HD department of the hospital.

Trial registration:

This study, with the code no. IRCT20180429039463N3, was registered on the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials on 28/03/2022.
Ankle-brachial index associates with arteriovenous fistula stenosis
Authors: Lee Kai-Ni , Chen Chien-An , Kuo Chieh , Yang Li-Yu
Published: February 2024

Background:

Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) stenosis is associated with pre-existing arterial atherosclerosis of AVF and results in significant morbidity and hospitalization for hemodialysis patients. The ankle brachial index (ABI) is a noninvasive method of assessing atherosclerosis. This study was to examine whether ABI is a significant predictor for AVF stenosis.

Methods:

This was a retrospective, longitudinal cohort study. Patients with hemodialysis between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2022 were reviewed. ABI was assessed in January 2016. AVF stenosis was diagnosed by fistulography.

Results:

A total of 82 patients were included. Forty-two patients experienced AVF stenosis. The univariate logistic regression analysis showed that AVF stenosis was associated with age (OR: 1.045, p = 0.033), DM status (OR: 5.529, p = 0.013), 7-year averaged cholesterol level (OR: 1.018, p = 0.034), 7-year averaged triglyceride level (OR: 1.007, p = 0.017), and ABI (OR: 0.011, p < 0.001). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, ABI was a strong predictor for AVF stenosis (OR: 0.036, p = 0.023). Then, a cut-off point of ABI with optimal sensitivity and specificity for AVF stenosis was 1.01. An analysis of time to events with adjustment for other variables showed that patients with ABI < 1.01 were significantly associated with AVF stenosis (HR: 3.859, p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

ABI below 1.01 was associated with AVF stenosis. This finding may be useful in tailoring surveillance programs for monitoring AVF function.