bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat melalui Desa Wisata di Desa Bejijong Kecamatan Trowulan, Kabupaten Mojokerto
Authors: Maulina Ika , Hardjati Susi
Published: December 2024

Community empowerment can be achieved through various programs, including village tourism programs. The development of village tourism as a community empowerment initiative aims to motivate and empower the local population by managing the potential of their region. The objective of this study is to describe and analyze the efforts of community empowerment through village tourism in Bejijong Village, Trowulan Subdistrict, Mojokerto Regency. This study employs a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques include interviews, observations, literature reviews, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted through data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of this study indicate that efforts to empower the community through the village tourism program in Bejijong Village have had a positive impact. The community has undergone significant changes, such as the formation of previously under-empowered groups and the development of local businesses into educational tourism attractions for visitors.Pemberdayaan masyarakat dapat dicapai melalui berbagai program, termasuk program desa wisata. Pengembangan desa wisata sebagai program pemberdayaan masyarakat bertujuan untuk memberikan motivasi serta menjadikan masyarakat lebih berdaya melalui pengelolaan potensi daerahnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis upaya pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui desa wisata di Desa Bejijong, Kecamatan Trowulan, Kabupaten Mojokerto. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi, kajian literatur, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tahap pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa upaya pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui program desa wisata di Desa Bejijong memberikan dampak positif. Masyarakat mengalami perubahan signifikan, seperti terbentuknya kelompok masyarakat yang sebelumnya kurang berdaya, serta pengembangan usaha masyarakat menjadi wisata edukasi yang menarik bagi wisatawan.
Illiberal Peacebuilding dan Ekstraktivisme di Indonesia: Studi Manajemen Konflik Autoritarian terhadap Konflik Sumber Daya Alam tahun 2018-2022
Authors: Putri Jasmine Rafifah Fathia , Fahadayna Adhi Cahya
Published: December 2024

The distribution of natural resource utilization is often exploited by certain parties, where not all elements of society can enjoy the economic benefits from Indonesia's natural wealth. This study aims to analyze the influence of patronage practices on resource conflicts in Indonesia using the theoretical framework of Authoritarian Conflict Management (ACM) and land politics. The research employs a quantitative method based on secondary data obtained from the V-Dem and SNPK Indonesia databases. The independent variables in this study include discursive practices, spatial practices, and political-economic practices, while the dependent variable is the resource conflict index. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression techniques with the SPSS software version 26 to ensure data validity and reliability. The results indicate that, overall, the relationship between the independent and dependent variables is statistically insignificant. This finding suggests that the Authoritarian Conflict Management theory may not be universally applicable, especially in Indonesia, which exhibits complex and diverse socio-economic and political dynamics. This study underscores the importance of considering regional factors and local characteristics in understanding resource conflicts in Indonesia.Distribusi pemanfaatan sumber daya alam seringkali dimanfaatkan oleh pihak-pihak tertentu saja, dimana tidak semua elemen masyarakat bisa merasakan keuntungan ekonomi dari kekayaan sumber daya alam Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh praktik patronase terhadap konflik sumber daya di Indonesia dengan menggunakan kerangka teori Authoritarian Conflict Management (ACM) dan land politics. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif berbasis data sekunder yang diperoleh dari database V-Dem dan SNPK Indonesia. Variabel independen dalam penelitian ini meliputi praktik diskursif, praktik spasial, dan praktik ekonomi politik, sedangkan variabel dependennya adalah indeks konflik sumber daya. Proses analisis data dilakukan menggunakan teknik regresi linear berganda dengan perangkat lunak SPSS versi 26 untuk memastikan validitas dan reliabilitas data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara keseluruhan, hubungan antara variabel independen dan dependen tidak signifikan. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa teori Authoritarian Conflict Management belum tentu relevan dalam semua konteks, terutama di Indonesia yang memiliki dinamika sosial, ekonomi, dan politik yang kompleks serta beragam. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya mempertimbangkan faktor regional dan karakteristik lokal dalam memahami konflik sumber daya di Indonesia.
Analisis Framing Pemberitaan Program Kerja Makan Siang Gratis Prabowo-Gibran Dalam Media Online Liputan6.Com Dan Republika.co.id
Authors: Devi Triana Fadisa Rahma , Amali Muhammad Thoyib
Published: December 2024

The 2024 presidential election is becoming an important moment in the political landscape of Indonesia. Where Prabowo Subianto and Gibran Rakabuming Raka successfully won the majority of votes. One of their main campaign promises is a free lunch program aimed at students, which aims to improve nutrition, student well-being, and reduce the economic burden on families. This program covers various levels of education, from elementary school to high school, even including students in Islamic boarding schools. Although this program has good intentions, debates have arisen regarding sustainability, budget allocation, community welfare, including cuts to the free lunch program budget. Online media play a role in framing the policy and shaping public opinion. The purpose of this research is to describe how two online media portals, Liputan6.com and Republika.co.id, frame the news regarding the budget cuts of the controversial free lunch program. This research uses Robert N. Entman's framing analysis method. The results of the study show that the framing provided by Liputan6.com is more positive and emphasizes the government's rationalization and its efforts to expand the program's reach, whereas Republika.co.id focuses more on public concerns regarding the potential decline in food quality and fairness in the free lunch program.Pemilihan presiden tahun 2024 menjadi momen penting dalam lanskap politik di Indonesia. Dimana Prabowo Subianto dan Gibran Rakabuming Raka berhasil memenangkan mayoritas suara. Salah satu janji kampanye utama mereka adalah program makan siang gratis yang disasarkan pada pelajar dan bertujuan untuk meningkatkan gizi, kesejahteraan siswa, serta mengurangi beban ekonomi keluarga. Program ini mencakup berbagai jenjang pendidikan, mulai dari sekolah dasar, hingga menengah atas, bahkan termasuk santri di pesantren. Meskipun program ini memiliki niat baik, perdebatan muncul terkait keberlanjutan, alokasi anggaaran, kesejahteraan masyarakat, termasuk pemotongan anggaran dana program makan siang gratis. Media daring memiliki peran dalam membingkai kebijakan tersebut dan membentuk opini publik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana dua portal media online, Liputan6.com dan Republika.co.id membingkai pemberitaan mengenai pemotongan anggaran program makan siang gratis yang banyak menuai kontroversi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis framing Robert N. Entman Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwasanya framing yang diberikan oleh Liputan6.com lebih positif dan menekankan rasionalisasi pemerintah serta upayanya untuk memperluas jangkauan program, sedangkan pada Republika.co.id lebih menyoroti mengenai kekhawatiran publik terkait potensi penurunan kualitas makanan dan keadilan dalam program makan siang gratis tersebut.
The first experience of intraoperative myocardial elastography in cardiac surgery patients
Authors: Sandrikov V. A. , Charchyan E. R. , Lysenko A. V. , Kulagina T. Yu. , Dzeranova A. N. , Novikova A. V. , Fedulova S. V. , Popov S. O.
Published: December 2024

The goal the work was to study the possibility of using elastography on an open heart to determine the stiffness of the left ventricular myocardium. Material and methods. Intraoperative elastography was performed in 6 patients with isolated aortic stenosis and dissecting aneurysm of the ascending aorta with aortic insufficiency. Three patients underwent surgery to replace the aortic valve with mechanical prostheses (SIM-19) and three were operated to replace the ascending aorta with an artificial prosthesis with aortic valve replacement (David’s operation). The average age of the patients was 42±9 years (42–53) years. All patients underwent surgery under conditions of artificial blood circulation. Initially, elastography was evaluated on a working heart, and then on full artificial circulation. The study was performed on a VK 5000 ultrasound device with an intraoperative «stick» type sensor at a frequency of 7.5–15 Mhz, gain of 1.6 Db, resolution of 127 hz. The deformation coefficient was evaluated. The imaging program was exposed as for neurosurgery with a frequency of 15 Mhz. Visualization was performed in B-mode, followed by obtaining shear wave elastography with calculation of the deformation coefficient. Results. Wave elastography was evaluated for various heart pathologies with different myocardial thickness. It was found that the stiffness in the studied areas of the myocardium is different. Thus, in patients with atherosclerotic aortic stenosis and a pressure gradient of more than 100 mmHg, the deformation coefficient was increased, in accordance with the thickness of the myocardium and amounted to 3.81–4.06, and in patients with aortic root dilation and aortic insufficiency, the deformation coefficient was 1.64–2.9. Conclusion. Intraoperative assessment of the left ventricular myocardial deformation coefficient is possible only on a stopped heart and gives an idea of the state of the heart muscle with the possibility of soft and hard areas. Shear wave elastography provides information about the elasticity and hardness of the tissue, which indirectly reflects the viscosity of the myocardium. This study was aimed at verifying the methodology for assessing the characteristics of the elasticity of the left ventricular myocardium for myocardial overload by pressure (aortic stenosis) and volume in case of a dissecting aortic aneurysm with aortic insufficiency.
INVISIBLE WOUND: DEPRESSION CONCEPTUAL METAPHORS IN THAI PATIENTS' FACEBOOK POSTS
Authors: Panduangkaew Ratiporn , Wongthai Nuntana
Published: December 2024

Depressed individuals often use metaphorical expressions to convey their experiences to others. However, research on the conceptual metaphors of depression in the Thai context has been limited. This study aimed to investigate conceptual metaphors for depression. In Facebook posts by depressed Thai patients and explore to identify the most salient conceptual metaphors among them. the study followed the Metaphor Identification Procedure Vrije Universiteit (MIPVU) developed by Steen et al. (2010) and incorporated salience-based metaphor analysis (Kövecses et al., 2015). A total of 659 posts, published in 2023 (comprising a corpus of 56,942 words) were collected from a Thai Facebook group dedicated to mental illnesses. The findings revealed ten conceptual metaphors reflecting the metaphorical conceptualisation of depression. Three of these were found to be the most salient: depression is an opponent, depression is a journey, and depression is a wound. These metaphors illustrate Thai patients’ perceptions of depression as a struggle, a personal journey, and a psychological wound.  This study provides insights into how depressed Thai patients conceptualise depression, contributing to a better understanding of depression in Thai mental healthcare communication.
CHEMICAL CONTROL OF BLACK SHANK (PHYTOPHTHORA NICOTIANAE) IN STRIP-TILLAGE DARK FIRE-CURED TOBACCO
Authors: Webb Andrea B. , Bailey William A.
Published: December 2024

Black shank, a soil-borne disease caused by Phytophthora nicotianae, is one of the most devastating oomycetes affecting dark tobacco worldwide. Field trials were conducted in 2018 and 2022 at an established black shank site near Hopkinsville, KY, to evaluate the efficacy of mefenoxam, fluopicolide, and oxathiapiprolin for management of black shank in dark fire-cured tobacco. Black shank field trials at this location have been conducted each year since 2006. KT D6LC, a dark-fired cultivar with moderate resistance to race 0 and race 1 black shank, was used in 2018 and 2022. Black shank infection was much greater in 2022, resulting in greater stand and yield loss in 2022 compared to 2018. Rainfall amount and timing differences between the 2 years likely contributed to these differences in final stand and yield. Final stand and total yield ranged from 80.7 to 99.3% and 2,374 to 2,882 kg ha−1, respectively, in 2018, and from 10.3 to 81.8% and 238 to 2,637 kg ha−1, respectively, in 2022. In both years, all oomyceticide treatments increased final stand and yield compared to untreated tobacco. In 2018, highest final stand came from tobacco that received mefenoxam or oxathiapiprolin plus mefenoxam at transplanting alone or followed by fluopicolide and mefenoxam after transplanting, or fluopicolide followed by mefenoxam after transplanting. Total yield was similar for tobacco treated with any oomyceticide treatment and higher than the yield of untreated tobacco in 2018. In 2022, tobacco treated with oxathiapiprolin plus mefenoxam in transplant water either alone or followed by fluopicolide and mefenoxam had significantly higher final stand and yield than all other treatments. Across both years, it was evident that oomyceticide applications made in transplant water, particularly oxathiapiprolin plus mefenoxam, had the greatest impact on black shank management in dark fire-cured tobacco.
EVALUATION OF FUNGICIDES TO ENHANCE WRAPPER LEAF PRODUCTION IN CONNECTICUT BROADLEAF CIGAR WRAPPER TOBACCO
Authors: Perkins Caleb H. , Rodgers James C. , Richmond Mitchell D. , Ellis Robert L. , Bailey William A.
Published: December 2024

Field trials were conducted in 2021 at Princeton KY and in 2022 at Mayfield KY and Springfield TN to evaluate effects of fungicide programs on cigar wrapper leaf production in Connecticut Broadleaf cigar tobacco. Eleven fungicide programs were evaluated, including nine agrochemicals and two biological-based products. Applications began three weeks after transplanting and final applications occurred in the last week before harvest. There were significant treatment by location interactions, likely due to rainfall differences between the Princeton KY 2021 location and both locations in 2022. At Princeton KY in 2021, there were significant differences for total wrapper grades (sum of two-cut, binder, and wrapper leaves) produced. Tobacco treated with flutriafol produced higher wrapper yields than most of the other treatments. Fluopyram-treated tobacco also had significantly higher wrapper yield than tobacco treated with fluopicolide, oxathiapiprolin, or untreated tobacco. Tobacco treated with copper octanoate had higher wrapper yield than untreated tobacco. There were no significant differences in total yield, gross revenue, or total wrapper grades at either location in 2022. Based on 2021 results where significant differences were seen, flutriafol, fluopyram, and copper octanoate were most effective in increasing yield of wrapper grades.
Recent nanoengineered therapeutic advancements in sepsis management
Authors: Liu Li , Li Li , Wang Ting , Li Zheyu , Yan Bingpeng , Tan Ruirong , Zeng Anqi , Ma Wenbo , Zhu Xin , Yin Zhujun , Ma Chunhua
Published: December 2024

Sepsis (defined as sepsis 3.0) is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to a variety of pathogenic microorganisms. Characterized by high morbidity and mortality, sepsis has become a global public health problem. However, there is a lack of appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for sepsis and current management rely on the limited treatment strategies. Recently, nanomedicines targeting and controlling the release of bio-active agents have shown excellent potency in sepsis management, with improved therapeutic efficacy and reduced adverse effects. In this review, we have summarized the advantages of nanomaterials. Also, the preparation and efficacy of the main categories of anti-sepsis nanomedicines applied in sepsis management are described in detail, including antibiotic-coated nanomaterials, antimicrobial peptides-coated nanomaterials, biomimetic nanomaterials, nanomaterials targeting macrophages and natural products loaded nanomaterials. These advances in nanomedicines establish the huge potential for nanomaterials-based sepsis management, especially in the improved pharmaceutical and pharmacological properties, enhanced therapeutic efficacy, controllable drug-targeting and reduced side effects. To further facilitate clinical translation of anti-sepsis nanomedicines, we propose that the issues involving safety, regulatory laws and cost-effectiveness should receive much more attention in the future.
Genipin cross-linked gelatin hydrogel for encapsulating wharton jelly mesenchymal stem cells and basic fibroblast growth factor delivery in vocal fold regeneration
Authors: Wan-Chiew Ng , Baki Marina Mat , Lokanathan Yogeswaran , Fauzi Mohd Busra , Azman Mawaddah
Published: December 2024

Approaches to regenerate vocal fold in glottic insufficiency remains to be a focus for exploration. This is attributed to the applications of cells or biological molecules alone result in fast degradation and inadequate for regeneration. Development of an injectable hydrogel for glottic insufficiency is challenging, as it needs to be non-cytotoxic, elastic yet possess good strength and easy to fabricate. This gap prompts us to study the feasibility of our genipin(gn)-crosslinked gelatin (G) hydrogel in encapsulating Wharton’s Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells (WJMSCs) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) WJMSCs with the aim to provide regeneration in glottic insufficiency. WJMSCs was encapsulated into two optimised formulations with the density of 2,000,000 cells/mL. The encapsulated cells were tested for its morphology, cell viability, proliferation and migration. Then, the incorporation of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was done into a final formulation and was tested for the cellular response and in vitro inflammation. 6G 0.4gn demonstrated better cell viability after in vitro culturing for 7 day. After incorporation of bFGF into cell-laden 6G 0.4gn, encapsulated WJMSCs showed to have improved viability and migration. The inflammatory profile of the hydrogel was imperceptible and was regarded as minimal or no pro- and anti-inflammation. Altogether, we have first formulated 6G 0.4gn which is suitable to encapsulate WJMSCs and incorporation of bFGF. Current study fulfils the market need in vocal fold regeneration, by suggesting its rejuvenating potential in glottic insufficiency, yet this combined formulation should be studied further to justify its translation to clinical setting.
“Are we saying every time you drink, you’ll get cancer?” Lessons learned from a focus group study of communicating difficult-to-swallow health-risk information
Authors: Ma Zexin , Hintz Elizabeth A. , Cassano Bia
Published: December 2024

This essay explores lessons learned when conducting focus group interviews with participants exposed to novel health-risk messages. Focus group participants exposed to new health-risk information might be defensive, affecting the quality of the data collected. Hence, accounting for potential participant defensiveness is of great importance for researchers who are developing and testing these health-risk messages. In this essay, I identify two forms of defensiveness that emerged in my focus group study evaluating cancer warning labels on alcoholic beverages: (1) actively counterarguing the health-risk message and (2) repeatedly modifying the health-risk message. I also offer four “lessons learned” to improve health-risk message testing in qualitative research practice: (a) communicate with empathy, (b) use personal stories, (c) forewarn participants, and (d) offer a self-affirmation opportunity. Overall, this essay contributes to the development of a typology of defensive strategies that focus group participants may use when exposed to novel health-risk messages. Additionally, it provides a methodological framework for guarding the integrity of the data and climate of the focus groups. These insights are valuable for health communication researchers and practitioners interested in conducting focus groups to assess health-risk messages.
Wildlife culling as a biophobic response to zoonotic disease risk: why we need a one health approach to risk communication
Authors: Anderson C. Jane , Reaser Jamie K.
Published: December 2024

Zoonoses – infectious diseases that are transmitted between people and other animals – are one of the foremost public health threats. Public health messaging is a critical tool for informing at-risk communities about zoonotic disease threats and effective mitigation measures. Unfortunately, when not carefully crafted, public health messaging can foster fear-based (biophobic) responses to wildlife that may carry zoonotic pathogens—enculturating fear, disgust, and other forms of aversion. In worst case scenarios, biophobia of zoonotic hosts can result in humans culling wildlife populations or destroying their habitat. To better understand how public health messaging can responsibly provide necessary information on zoonoses risks while also promoting an affinity (biophilia) for potential zoonotic pathogen hosts, we conducted a literature review to identify cases of zoonoses-initiated wildlife culls and evaluated patterns and trends. We found that culls are frequently of native wildlife species, rather than nonnative species, and often increase threats to human health rather than mitigate them. We further found that the cultural impetus behind culls is rarely evaluated or discussed in the literature. Clearly, more research is needed in this regard. Human, animal, and environmental health are intertwined, and thus zoonoses prevention and mitigation is best addressed through a One Health lens. There is a need for public health and conservation professionals to collaborate in the development of risk mitigation messaging that enculturates effective zoonoses preventative measures, including biodiversity conservation.
Additive interaction of family medical history of cardiovascular diseases with hypertension and diabetes on the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases among older adults in India
Authors: Ahmed Waquar , Dixit Priyanka , Halli Shiva
Published: December 2024

Introduction

The present study aimed to examine the additive interaction of family medical history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and self-reported hypertension and diabetes on the diagnosis of CVD among older adults aged 45 years and above in India. A family medical history of CVD in individuals with hypertension and diabetes could identify a subpopulation with a higher risk of CVD.

Methods

The study used the data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) Wave 1 (2017–2018). The total sample size for the study was 58,734 older adults aged 45 years and above. An additive model was applied to determine the additive interaction effect of the family medical history of CVD with hypertension and diabetes on the diagnosis of CVD by calculating three different measures of additive interaction: the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), attribution proportion due to interaction (AP), and synergy index (S).

Results

The prevalence of CVD was higher among hypertensive individuals with a family medical history of CVD (18.6%) than individuals without the coexistence of family medical history of CVD and hypertension (4.7%), and hypertensive individuals without family medical history of CVD (11.3%). On the other hand, the prevalence of CVD was higher among individuals with diabetes and family history of CVD (20.5%) than individuals without the coexistence of family history of CVD and diabetes (5.0%). Individuals with parental and sibling medical history had two times higher odds of having chronic heart diseases and strokes, respectively than those without parental and sibling history. In the adjusted model, RERI, AP, and S for CVD were 2.30 (95% CI: 0.87–3.74), 35% (0.35; 95% CI: 0.20–0.51), and 1.71 (95% CI: 1.27–2.28) respectively, demonstrating significant positive interaction between family medical history and hypertension on the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases.

Conclusions

The present study revealed that in the additive model, the interaction effects of family medical history and hypertension were significantly positive on cardiovascular diseases even after adjustment with potential confounding factors. Therefore, it is crucial to consider the presence of family medical history of CVD among individuals with hypertension and diabetes measured in research and clinical practice.
Conduction system pacing versus biventricular pacing in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and electrical dyssynchrony
Authors: Ammar Ahmed , Elewa Ahmed , Emam Amr Y. , Sharief Mohamed , Kamel Omnia
Published: December 2024

Biventricular pacing (BiVP) has been the cornerstone of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in the management of symptomatic heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and electrical dyssynchrony despite guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT). However, BiVP has some limitations, including technical difficulties and high non-response rates. Conduction system pacing encompassing His bundle pacing (HBP) and left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) has recently emerged as a promising alternative to CRT in this group of patients. In this review, we explore the current evidence, guidelines, limitations, gaps in knowledge, and ongoing trials comparing CSP and BiVP for the management of HFrEF with electrical dyssynchrony.
Smart medical report: efficient detection of common and rare diseases on common blood tests
Authors: Németh Ákos , Tóth Gábor , Fülöp Péter , Paragh György , Nádró Bíborka , Karányi Zsolt , Paragh György , Horváth Zsolt , Csernák Zsolt , Pintér Erzsébet , Sándor Dániel , Bagyó Gábor , Édes István , Kappelmayer János , Harangi Mariann , Daróczy Bálint
Published: December 2024

Introduction

The integration of AI into healthcare is widely anticipated to revolutionize medical diagnostics, enabling earlier, more accurate disease detection and personalized care.

Methods

In this study, we developed and validated an AI-assisted diagnostic support tool using only routinely ordered and broadly available blood tests to predict the presence of major chronic and acute diseases as well as rare disorders.

Results

Our model was tested on both retrospective and prospective datasets comprising over one million patients. We evaluated the diagnostic performance by (1) implementing ensemble learning (mean ROC-AUC.9293 and mean DOR 63.96); (2) assessing the model's sensitivity via risk scores to simulate its screening effectiveness; (3) analyzing the potential for early disease detection (30–270 days before clinical diagnosis) through creating historical patient timelines and (4) conducting validation on real-world clinical data in collaboration with Synlab Hungary, to assess the tool's performance in clinical setting.

Discussion

Uniquely, our model not only considers stable blood values but also tracks changes from baseline across 15 years of patient history. Our AI-driven automated diagnostic tool can significantly enhance clinical practice by recognizing patterns in common and rare diseases, including malignancies. The models' ability to detect diseases 1–9 months earlier than traditional clinical diagnosis could contribute to reduced healthcare costs and improved patient outcomes. The automated evaluation also reduces evaluation time of healthcare providers, which accelerates diagnostic processes. By utilizing only routine blood tests and ensemble methods, the tool demonstrates high efficacy across independent laboratories and hospitals, making it an exceptionally valuable screening resource for primary care physicians.
Real-time fluctuations in student emotions and relations with day of the week, time of the day, and teaching methods
Authors: Camerman Eline , Kuppens Peter , Lavrijsen Jeroen , Verschueren Karine
Published: December 2024

Introduction

This study investigated the real-time variability of secondary school students’ academic emotions (i.e., enjoyment, enthusiasm, boredom, and frustration) in mathematics classes, examining their relation to the day of the week, time of the day, and teaching methods. Utilizing experience sampling methodology, the research captures the dynamic nature of emotions as states, providing insights into their situational dynamics.

Methods

440 students reported twice during their mathematics classes for a period of 10 school days on their real-time experiences of academic enjoyment, enthusiasm, boredom, and frustration. Additionally, their teachers indicated the teaching methods that were used on each measurement occasion.

Results

Results indicated students to have a more positive emotional pattern on Fridays (i.e., a “Thank God it’s Friday” effect) and Wednesdays, likely due to the anticipation of leisure time. Additionally, a “Frustrating Tuesday” effect was observed, while no evidence was found for a “Blue Monday” effect. Time of the day effects were less consistent, with frustration increasing throughout the day and boredom being higher in the afternoon, possibly due to postprandial somnolence (i.e., post-meal dip). Teaching methods differently related to emotions; during individual and group work students experienced more enjoyment and enthusiasm but also more frustration compared to whole-class instruction. During classroom discussion more frustration was experienced relative to whole-class instruction. Female students experienced less enthusiasm than male students, and higher ability students experienced more enjoyment, enthusiasm and less boredom than lower ability students.

Discussion

This study underscores the importance of considering temporal factors and teaching methods in understanding students’ emotional experiences in educational settings.
Simulation model of power generation and the shadow effect of foldable solar panels used in agrivoltaics system
Authors: Lama Ramesh Kumar , Jeong Heon
Published: December 2024

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of foldable solar panels used in agrivoltaics systems (AVS), focusing on the dual benefits of optimized land use for agriculture and solar power generation. Employing simulation techniques, the study investigates the impact of inter-panel shadow effects on power generation in systems using multiple foldable solar panels. Key findings indicate that foldable panels achieve optimal performance during periods with shorter daylight hours, demonstrating high seasonal variability in power generation. The study shows that foldable panels, which can adjust their angle relative to the sun’s position, are particularly effective at reducing the loss of solar irradiance due to shading, compared to fixed panels. Additionally, this study highlights the potential of foldable solar panel systems in AVS to adapt to varying solar conditions, thereby enhancing land use optimization for sustainable agricultural and power generation practices.
The role of root dynamics on the climate sensitivity of ecohydrological processes of over- and understory in a semi-arid groundwater-dependent ecosystem
Authors: Liu Qiyue , Barros Ana P.
Published: December 2024

Plant roots connect belowground moisture with aboveground vegetation functionalities, making root plasticity critical for drought resilience. This study employs an enhanced land surface ecohydrological model, Duke Coupled Hydrology Model with Vegetation and Dynamic Roots (DCHM-VDR), to investigate how root dynamics affect vegetation adaptation under a range of climate conditions. DCHM-VDR features a moisture-driven root parameterization that simulates dynamic root profiles and hydraulic redistribution (HR). Applied to a semiarid woodland with groundwater-dependent mesquites and shallow-rooted shrubs, model results compare well against AmeriFlux tower data and capture observed soil moisture patterns tied to root water uptake, including mesquite’s dimorphic root profile and shifts in water source and the direction of HR. Accounting for HR lowers overall water use efficiency (WUE) by more than 50% in the dry season due to release of deep root water uptake to moisten dry soil layers. Dynamic root profiles reduce water demand by avoiding dry soil patches and utilizing moist layers with increased WUE, especially for shrubs. Mesquites with a dimorphic root profile show a 3-fold annual transpiration (Tr) increase from 183 mm to 629 mm/year and reduced HR/Tr from 34% to 6%, along with a small reduction of around 10% for shrubs, reflecting the importance of groundwater sourcing and the codependence of shrubs on mesquite for water stress resilience. Future climate scenarios were examined using the Thermodynamic Global Warming downscaled data. Mesquites and shrubs respond positively to wetter winters, albeit with opposite water use strategies in the drier growing seasons due to different rooting depths and HR modulation of soil moisture. Mesquites increase transpiration by adjusting root fraction, water uptake, and HR closer to the saturated zone, while shrubs reduce transpiration and increase WUE by 17% compared to a decrease of 13% in mesquite WUE under the driest scenario. The intertwined water use strategies of mesquites and shrubs expressed by the root water uptake dynamics determine ecosystem response aboveground under more extreme climate conditions, highlighting the importance of modeling root architecture dynamics and co-adaptive ecohydrological processes in predicting ecosystem responses to climate change.
Case report: A single novel calpain 3 gene variant associated with mild myopathy
Authors: Massucco Sara , Fossa Paola , Fiorillo Chiara , Faedo Elena , Gemelli Chiara , Barresi Rita , Ripolone Michela , Patrone Serena , Gaudio Andrea , Mandich Paola , Gotta Fabio , Baratto Serena , Traverso Monica , Pisciotta Livia , Zaottini Federico , Camera Mattia , Scarsi Elena , Grandis Marina
Published: December 2024

Recessively inherited limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 1, caused by mutations in the calpain 3 gene, is the most common limb-girdle muscular dystrophy worldwide. Recently, cases of autosomal dominant calpainopathy have been described. A man was referred to our neurological outpatient clinic at the age of 54 for persistent hyperCKemia (>1000 U/l) associated with muscle fatigue and myalgia. Clinical examination revealed mild proximal weakness in the lower limbs. His brother exhibited a moderate increase in serum creatine kinase levels (up to 2000 U/l) without other signs of myopathy. Their father experienced slowly progressive lower limb weakness after the age of 50. The calpain 3 variant c.1478G>A (p.Arg493Gln) in the heterozygous state was identified in both brothers. In silico modeling studies predict that this substitution may disrupt protein folding. This represents the first description of the heterozygous p.Arg493Gln calpain 3 variant as a potential cause of mild calpainopathy.
BIRC5 as a prognostic and diagnostic biomarker in pan-cancer: an integrated analysis of expression, immune subtypes, and functional networks
Authors: Li Guoyu , Wang Yanghao , Wang Weizhou , Lv Guodong , Li Xiang , Wang Jingying , Liu Xiuyu , Yuan Daolang , Deng Shoujun , You Dingyun
Published: December 2024

Introduction

BIRC5 (Survivin) is a crucial anti-apoptotic protein overexpressed in various cancers, promoting tumor growth and treatment resistance. This study investigates its expression across 33 cancer types and explores its diagnostic, prognostic, and immune-related significance.

Methods

We analyzed RNA-seq data from TCGA and protein expression data from the Human Protein Atlas. Expression levels were compared between tumor and normal tissues. Correlations with molecular and immune subtypes were explored using TISIDB. Prognostic significance was evaluated through survival analysis, Cox regression, and ROC curve analysis. The PPI network was constructed using STRING.

Results

BIRC5 was significantly overexpressed in tumor tissues across 33 cancer types, with higher expression levels observed in tumors compared to normal tissues. The protein expression analysis revealed a similar trend. BIRC5 expression was significantly correlated with various molecular and immune subtypes in multiple cancer types. Survival analysis indicated that high BIRC5 expression was associated with poor prognosis across multiple cancers, including lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC). ROC analysis showed that BIRC5 exhibited strong diagnostic potential, with high AUC values (>0.9) in several cancers. The PPI network analysis identified key interacting proteins involved in the cell cycle and tumor progression, further supporting BIRC5's role in cancer biology. Functional experiments in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) revealed that BIRC5 upregulation enhances cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while its knockdown suppresses these activities.

Discussion

BIRC5 is a promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in multiple cancers. Its association with immune subtypes suggests a potential role in the tumor immune microenvironment. These findings support BIRC5 as a therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
The antioxidant barrier, oxidative/nitrosative stress, and protein glycation in allergy: from basic research to clinical practice
Authors: Biedrzycki Grzegorz , Wolszczak-Biedrzycka Blanka , Dorf Justyna , Maciejczyk Mateusz
Published: December 2024

Recent studies indicate that oxidative/nitrosative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and urticaria. The article aimed to review the latest literature on disruptions in redox homeostasis and protein glycation in allergy patients. It has been shown that enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems are impaired in allergic conditions, which increases cell susceptibility to oxidative damage. Reactive oxygen/nitrogen species exacerbate the severity of asthma symptoms by activating inflammatory mediators that cause airway smooth muscle contraction, promote mucus hypersecretion, increase the permeability of lung capillaries, and damage cell membranes. Redox biomarkers could have considerable diagnostic potential in allergy patients. There is no compelling evidence to indicate that antioxidants reduce allergy symptoms’ severity or slow disease progression.
Distinct IgE sensitization profiles in chronic urticaria: a comparative study with classic allergic diseases
Authors: Yang Xianjie , Li Shifei , Chen Anqi , Wang Huan , Deng Sisi , Ni Bing , Song Zhiqiang , Chen Qiquan
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Chronic urticaria (CU) is not traditionally classified as an allergic disease, but emerging evidence suggests a link to atopy. The quintessential marker of atopy is IgE sensitization, there is scarce information on the IgE sensitization characteristics of CU.

Methods

To investigate IgE sensitization characteristics in CU, and compare them with classic allergic diseases. We retrospectively analyzed the results of specific IgE (sIgE) and total IgE (tIgE) in CU patients, explored the distribution patterns of these atopic markers in CU, and compared these data with those of atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic rhinitis (AR), asthma (AS), and healthy controls (HC).

Results

1149 patients (396 CU, 411 AD, 101 AR, 139 AS and 102 HC) were included in the study. 33.1% of CU patients showed positive sIgE and 49.0 % had elevated tIgE levels, significantly higher than those in HC. Comparative analysis with classic allergic diseases showed CU patients had a lower sIgE positivity rate but no significant difference in tIgE levels. Gender and age influenced sensitization profiles, with male CU patients showing a higher sIgE positivity rate. The distribution of sIgE levels, allergen categories, and tIgE elevated levels range in CU differed from classic allergic disease. The concordance rate between sIgE and tIgE results in CU was lower than in classic allergic disease.

Conclusion

Our study reveals that a significant proportion of CU patients display IgE sensitization, suggesting a clear atopic background compared to the general population. However, the IgE sensitization profile in CU differs from that of classical allergic diseases such as AD, AR, and AS, characterized by relatively lower intensity of IgE sensitization. The underlying reasons for this phenomenon and its clinical implications in CU warrant further research.
Optimising the design and analysis of capture-mark-recapture experiments using individual-based models
Authors: Scutt Phillips Joe , Lehodey Jules , Senina Inna , Barker Richard , Peatman Tom , Schofield Matthew , Sen Gupta Alex , van Sebille Erik , Nicol Simon
Published: December 2024

Capture-mark-recapture methods (CMR) are a commonly used tool in species conservation and management for the estimation of demographic parameters in a population. However, biases in these estimates can occur due to the heterogeneity in processes influencing recapture data or the experimental design. We outline an approach to quantify and identify ways to reduce this bias through both experimental design and data analysis, using individual based modelling (IBMs). By using an IBM that includes key sources of heterogeneity that are believed to exist in the system, the release and recapture of marked individuals can be simulated under differing experimental, behavioural or landscape scenarios. Using this IBM as a data-generator, we compare a simulated population of individuals with a subset of that population that represent those marked and recaptured in a CMR experiment. Parameter estimates from the data generated by the marked subset are then compared to ‘true’, realised parameters from the wider, unmarked population. We demonstrate this with an application of ‘simulated tagging’ of Pacific skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis), using scenarios of different release locations of marked individuals, alternative band-recovery models, and differing assumptions that define the spatial extent of the unmarked population. We quantify the error in the estimated survival and fishing mortality parameters and examine how these can be reduced by following differing release and analysis strategies. We show that spatiotemporal heterogeneity of individual dispersion and recovery effort (i.e. fishing pressure) led to severe bias in recapture probability estimates, up to 361%, regardless of experimental design. However, when the baseline of the unmarked population of which marked animals were assumed to be representative was defined by spatial coverage of recaptures, rather than a fixed, spatial management area, bias was reduced to 25%. Our results show that the use of IBM frameworks exploring alternative hypotheses, either in the design of or post-hoc analyses of CMR experiments, support maximising the information that can be derived and quantify the degree of potential bias due to analysis model mis-specification. Furthermore, these methods can benefit other sampling and monitoring programmes in systems with high levels of spatial or ecological heterogeneity.
Climate Change increases the risk of metal toxicity in Arctic zooplankton
Authors: Halsband Claudia , Thomsen Nele , Reinardy Helena C.
Published: December 2024

This mini-review outlines major climate-change exacerbated sources of metal to the Arctic marine environment, leading to measured concentrations sometimes exceeding levels considered environmentally safe, and thus potentially impacting arctic marine zooplankton. We review the bioavailability of metals in Arctic marine environments and the current state of knowledge on metal toxicity in marine copepods. Toxicity response mechanisms to metals included oxidative stress as well as genetic processes of DNA damage and repair. We highlight species-specific differences in metal impacts within the diverse group of planktonic copepods. We summarize observed responses at multiple levels of biological organization, and note that studies on arctic species are scarce and need expansion, as results from temperate and tropical species may not be readily transferable to arctic counterparts. We further provide an updated view on impacts of metals in combination with other stressors in the Arctic marine system in light of increasing attention to multiple stressors of climate change and pollution. For arctic marine zooplankton, a number of research gaps are identified, including a need for integrating effects responses across levels of biological organization, for studies into mechanisms of heritable changes and long-term transgenerational impacts, and considering interspecific capacity for response and adaptation.
Family physician service quality and sustainability: a roadmap for Pakistan’s healthcare sector
Authors: Saifullah  , Ma Zhiqiang , Li Mingxing , Maqbool Muhammad Qasim , Chen Feng
Published: December 2024

Introduction

The number of family medicine consultants has increased during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. However, research on family medicine services specific to Pakistan remains limited. Therefore, this study aimed to explore family physician services in Pakistan.

Methods

To meet the study goals, we collected data using snowball and purposive sampling. A questionnaire was used exclusively to collect data from family physician consultations. The data were examined using the SmartPLS structural equation model to test the study model’s reliability and validity.

Results

The study findings showed that using resource utilization and allocation, utilization of technology, professionalism improvement, medical attention, cooperation, and caring were positively significant to employee welfare and assistance in family medicine services. These dimensions were also positively significant to community involvement and advocacy for the sustainable development of family medical services in Pakistan.

Conclusion

The study concluded that effective resource utilization, professionalism, medical care, cooperation, and the evaluation of quality and outcomes are key factors in promoting the growth of family medicine services. These indicators may enhance staff satisfaction, community involvement, and family physician service sustainability.