bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Education amidst COVID-19 Disruption: Perceived Difficulty in Implementing Flexible Learning Strategies of Teacher Education Faculty Members in a State University
Authors: Lagat Kevin T.
Published: February 2021

This descriptive-correlational study described and analyzed the perceived difficulty in implementing Flexible Learning (FL) strategies of 60 teacher education faculty members of a state university in an eastern province in the Philippines. Moreover, this study investigated the correlation between the faculty members’ demographics and their perceived difficulty in implementing flexible learning strategies. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire and analyzed using weighted mean, standard deviation, Spearman Rho Correlation, and Rank-Biserial Correlation. Results revealed that faculty members, in general, considered flexible learning strategies to be slightly difficult to implement. A significant relationship was also found between the faculty members’ generational age and their perceived difficulty in the Instructional Approach and Resources domain. The findings of this study suggest capacity building initiatives to address the identified difficult flexible learning strategies of the faculty members.
Determinants of the Profits in Regional Development Banks in Indonesia
Authors: Suhartono Suhartono , Ghalib Saladin
Published: February 2021

Regional Development Banks (BPDs) should develop their regional governments' economy by increasing their performance. This study attempts to determine the effect of GCG and other variables on the banks' performance indicated by the profit. This study used 10 determiners as the independent variables such as NPL, LASSET, LTA, ETA, FBIR, TDR, LDR, NIM, DGCG, and GCGI, while the dependent variable is ROA.  The data were taken from the BPD's financial reports from 2014 to 2019. There were 26 BPDs as the sample based on the stipulated criteria.  The results show that NPL is an essential factor for increasing the banks' performance. Next, the time deposit ratio to total deposit also has a positive effect but not significant. The LTA ratio is negative but not significant, while GCGI has a significant effect. Therefore, NPL, and GCG are the dominant factors in determining the banks’ performance.  The modeling constant values are all significant, indicated by the risk level ranging from 36-40%. It can be concluded that NPL is an important variable in determining risk for banks, so is the GCG index that can also affect the banks' performance. Therefore, BPDs should pay attention to their NPL and GCG in order to increase their performance
Karakteristik Kimia dan Evaluasi Sensori Produk Ikan Teri Kering Lokal di Desa Toniku
Authors: Daeng Ruslan A. , Laitupa Ibnu W.
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan THP UMMU Ternate untuk uji organoleptik dan Laboratorium Ilmu Pangan IPB untuk uji Kimia, dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui mutu organoleptik dan kimia pada produk lokal ikan teri kering yang diproduksi oleh masyarakat di Desa Toniku Kabupaten Halmahera Barat Provinsi Maluku Utara. Penggunaan analisa mutu ditinjau dari aspek organoleptik dan kimia serta rancangan percobaan yang digunakan dalam penilitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktor tunggal serta analisis varian (Anova)dan hasil uji organoleptik dihitung menggunakan nilai rata-rata dan standar Deviasi dalam metode penelitian diharapkan menjawab tujuan penelitian. Hasil penelitisan didapat bahwa hasil pengujian organoleptik ikan teri kering yang dihasilkan oleh nelayan/pengusaha ikan di Desa Toniku masih sesuai dengan standar mutu organoleptik yang ditetapkan, dengan rata-rata nilai dari ke empat parameter adalah Kenampakan (8-7), Bau (8-7), Rasa (7), Konsistensi (8-7). Hasil Uji karakteristik kimiawi meliputi kadar air dengan nilai (2,08 pada penyimpanan 3 bulan, sedangkan nilai terendah adalah 1,27), kadar abu (1,83 yaitu diperoleh pada penyimpanan 3 bulan. Sedangkan nilai terendah adalah 1,01 yaitu diperoleh pada penyimpanan  bulan), kadar protein (7,38 yaitu diperoleh pada penyimpanan 3 bulan. Sedangkan nilai terendah 7,36 yaitu diperoleh pada penyimpanan 1 bulan dan 2 bulan), kadar lemak (22,94 yaitu diperoleh pada penyimpanan 3 bulan. Sedangkan nilai terendah adalah 20,08  yaitu diperoleh pada penyimpanan 1 bulan) dan Karbohidrat (1,48 yaitu diperoleh pada penyimpanan 3 bulan. Sedangkan nilai terendah adalah 1,22 yaitu diperoleh pada penyimpanan 1 bulan)
Dukungan Keluarga Berhubungan dengan Kepatuhan Pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronik yang Menjalani Terapi Hemodialisa di RSUD dr. M. HAULUSSY Ambon
Authors: Sumah Dene Fries
Published: March 2021

Penelitian bertujuan ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara dukungan keluarga dengan kepatuhan pasien gagal ginjal kronik yang menjalani hemodialisa. Observasional analitik adalah metode yang digunakan dengan pendekatan potong lintang (cross sectional). Populasi penelitian adalah semua pasien gagal ginjal kronik yang menjalani terapi hemodialisa di Ruang Hemodialisa RSUD dr. M. Haulussy Ambon yang berjumlah 85 orang dengan sampel sebanyak 46 responden dan teknik Accidental sampling dengan analisa data menggunakan uji statistik chi-square. Hasil penelitian di dapat bahwa dari 46 responden, 60,9% patuh menjalani hemodialisa serta dukungan keluarga pada pasien gagal ginjal kronik yang menjalani hemodialisa menunjukan bahwa ada hubungan yang bermakna antara dukungan keluarga dengan kepatuhan pasien gagal ginjal kronik yang menjalani terapi hemodialisa dengan nilai (p-value 0,000).Dukungan Keluarga
MENINGKATKAN PENGUASAAN KOSAKATA BAHASA INGGRIS MELALUI PENGGUNAAN MEDIA KARTU GAMBAR PADA SISWA KELAS VII SMPN 1 MUARA BUNGO
Authors: Novianti Yesi
Published: February 2021

Penguasaan kosakata bahasa Inggris di kelas VII.4 di SMPN 1 Muara Bungo masih rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan penggunaan media kartu gambar untuk meningkatkan penguasaan kosakata bahasa Inggris pada siswa kelas VII.4 SMPN 1 Muara Bungo. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian tindakan kelas dengan subyek penelitian berjumlah 29 siswa. Desain penelitian dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Setiap siklus tindakan terdiri dari perencanaan, perlakuan tindakan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Instrumen pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan lembar observasi, soal, dan lembar catatan lapangan. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) penggunaan media kartu gambar dapat meningkatkan penguasaan kosakata bahasa Inggris pada aspek membaca kosakata dan melafalkan kosakata. Selain itu membantu siswa untuk membaca kosakata secara individu dalam kelompok dengan baik. (2) Penggunaan media kartu gambar dapat meningkatkan penguasaan kosakata bahasa Inggris. Hal ini ditunjukkan dari hasil tes meningkat sebesar 17,2 % pada siklus I, serta ketuntasan siswa hasil tes pada siklus II mengalami peningkatan sebesar 17,3%.
Faktor Yang Memperingati Keaktifan Kunjungan Pos Pembinaan Terpadu Penyakit Tidak Menular (POSBINDU PTM) di Wilayah Kerja PUSKESMAS Baturube Kabupaten Morowali Utara Tahun 2020
Authors: Esti Anggara Puspa  , Nurhaedar Jafar  , Muh.Khidri Alwi
Published: March 2021

Latar Belakang : Indonesia dalam beberapa dasawarsa terakhir menghadapi masalah triple burden diseases, yaitu penyakit menular yang masih menjadi masalah, kejadian re-emerging diseases, dan new emerging diseases dan disisi lain kejadian PTM cenderung meningkat dari waktu ke waktu. Keprihatinan terhadap peningkatan prevalensi PTM telah mendorong lahirnya kesepakatan tentang strategi global dalam pencegahan dan pengendalian PTM, salah satu upaya yang dilakukan berupa posbindu PTM. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu  untuk mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi keaktifan kunjungan pos pembinaan terpadu penyakit tidak menular (Posbindu PTM) di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Baturube kabupaten Morowali Utara. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Kuantitatif dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara  Purposive Sampling dengan jumlah sampel 127 responden. Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi Square. Hasil : Dari  hasil output t hitung untuk pengetahuan sebesar 2.327 dengan nilai signifikansi 0.022 (sig<0,05), jarak sebesar 2.580 dengan nilai signifikansi 0.011 (sig<0,05), dukungan kader sebesar 4.042 dengan nilai signifikansi 0.000 (sig<0,05), dukungan keluarga sebesar 4.926 dengan nilai signifikansi 0.000 (sig<0,05). Kesimpulan : Penelitian ini menunjukan Adanya pengaruh yang signifikan antara pengetahuan, jarak, dukungan kader dan dukungan keluarga terhadap keaktifan kunjungan pos pembinaan terpadu penyakit tidak menular (Posbindu PTM) di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Baturube Kabupaten Morowali Utara.
Karakteristik Pekerja Emas di Lokasi Kerja di Kecamatan Tallo Kota Makkassar Tahun 2020
Authors: Darwis Darliana , Abbas Hasriwiani Habo , Muhammad Ikhtiar
Published: March 2021

Latar belakang: Pekerja emas melakukan kontak langsung dengan merkuri. Lingkungan yang kurang bersih serta kurang memperhatikan keselamatan kerja jangka panjang dapat mengakibatkan pekerja maupun masyarakat yang tinggal disekitar lokasi pekerja emas beresiko terpapar bahaya merkuri. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan karateristik responden pekerja emas di lokasi pekerja emas Kecamatan Tallo Kota Makassar. Metode: Penelitian cross-sectional, dengan total 49 responden. Univariat analisis dilakukan untuk mendeskripsikan jumlah dan frequency untuk karakteritik responden. Hasil: Pekerja emas di Kecamatan Tallo memiliki karektristik sebagai berikut; pekerja emas dominan pada umur 40-49 tahun, pendidikan terakhir dominan berpendidikan SD, mayoritas mulai bekerja pada umur <15 tahun, bekerja >8 jam sehari, merokok, menggunakan alat pelindung diri (APD), aktif melakukan olahraga, dan mayoritas mengalami batuk-batuk dalam satu hari kerja pada kelompok pekerja emas. Kesimpulan: karakteristik reponden pekerja emas di Kecamatan Tallo didominasi oleh pekerja usia >40 dan memiliki perilaku hidup yang berisiko terhadap kesehatan paru.
Pelaksanaan Pendaftaran Tanah Oleh Pemerintah Melalui Program Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap (PTSL)
Authors: Syahdan Syahdan , Baharuddin Hamza , Ilyas Muhammad
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pelaksanaan program Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap dan untuk mengetahui  faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Penelitian ini adalah tipe penelitian hukum empiris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pelaksanaan Program  Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap (PTSL) adalah sudah berjalan dengan baik dilihat dengan antusiasme warga, dibuktikan dengan banyaknya warga yang hadir dalam acara Penyuluhan PTSL 2020 tersebut. Pengumpulan data Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap (PTSL) ini sudah sesuai target dan sasaran yang telah ditargetkan sebelumnya. Faktor yang mempengaruhi pelaksanaan program Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap (PTSL) adalah sumber daya manusia yang harus dikembangkan agar mampu mencapai tujuan organisasi. Begitu juga sarana dan prasarana yang memadai agar kegiatan tersebut akan berjalan dengan baik. Serta budaya hukum masyarakat yang harus dibenahi lebih dahulu, tanpa pengetahuan masyarakat yang cukup, terkait program PTSL tidak akan pernah berhasil.

This study aims to determine and analyze the implementation of the Complete Systematic Land Registration program and to determine the factors that influence it. This research is a type of empirical legal research. The results showed that the implementation of the Complete Systematic Land Registration Program (PTSL) was already going well, seen with the enthusiasm of the residents, as evidenced by the number of residents who attended the 2020 PTSL Counseling event. This Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL) data collection has met the targets and targets that have been previously targeted. Factors affecting the implementation of the Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL) program are human resources that must be developed in order to be able to achieve organizational goals. Likewise, adequate facilities and infrastructure so that these activities will run well. As well as the legal culture of the community that must be addressed first, without sufficient community knowledge, the PTSL program will never succeed.
The effect of kefir-spirulina on glycemic status and antioxidant activity in hyperglycemia rats
Authors: Laela Nur , Legowo Anang Mohamad , Fulyani Faizah
Published: February 2021

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. It is caused by impaired insulin secretion or by insulin receptor insensitivity. DM and its complications are often related to increases in the level of oxidative stress. Spirulina is a nutrient-dense food that contains an abundance of antioxidant compounds. In combination with kefir, it may serve as both a nutrient-rich diet and an antioxidant agent that can prevent complications of diabetes. This study aims to investigate the nutritional content of kefir-spirulina and its effect on glycemic status and antioxidant activity in streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA) induced diabetic rats. A total of 30 male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups: normal control (K1), diabetic control (K2), pioglitazone treatment (K3), kefir combined with 1% spirulina treatment (P1), and kefir combined with 2% spirulina treatment (P2). All rats were induced by STZ-NA, except for the normal control. Before and after the 28 days of intervention, blood samples were taken and analyzed for fasting plasma glucose, postprandial glucose, and SOD activity. The nutritional content, ethanol content, and total antioxidant capacity of kefir-spirulina were also analyzed. The diabetic rats that were fed with kefir-spirulina (P1 and P2) had a significant decrease in both fasting and postprandial plasma glucose (p <0.001) compared to the diabetic control rats. The decrease of plasma glucose in K2 is comparable to the control rats treated with the diabetic drug pioglitazone (K3). The activity of SOD in diabetic rats fed in P1 and P2 were higher (p <0.001) than in untreated diabetic rats (K2). The IC50 of kefir-spirulina was 42 – 43 ppm. It was concluded that kefir combined with spirulina has high nutrition and antioxidant capacity, which is proven to be capable of controlling glycemic status and enhancing antioxidant status in a diabetic rat model.
Improvement of the sunflower oil stability by blending with moringa or sesame oils
Authors: Aly Amina , Ali Hoda , Abdeldaiem Mohamed
Published: February 2021

Vegetable oils can be adjusted by different methods to enhance their commercial applications and to increase their pure quality nutrition. One of the most leisurely ways of creating new innovative products with desirable textured and oxidative properties is the mixing of vegetable fats/oils of various properties. Pure sunflower (SFO) blended with pure moringa (MOO) and sesame (SEO) oils in the ratio of 95:5 and 90:10 w/w. The outcomes showed that the highest acid value was observed at SFO + SEO 10% (0.782). Sunflower oil stabilized when blended with MOO and the levels of conjugated dienes (CD) and trienes (CT) were depressed compared to control. The TPC value was higher when the sunflower blended with moringa oil. The highest scavenging activity percentage was observed in SFO + MOO 5% and SFO + SEO 10% respectively. Meanwhile, the highest induction period at 100 °C was 11.45 hours in the treatment of SFO + MOO 5%. The master fatty acids in the sunflower and moringa oils are combined (SFO:MOO, 90:10), oleic, and palmitic acids. It seems from the current findings that suitable mixing of high linoleic oils with MOO will result in oil mixtures that can satisfy nutritional wants with expanded balance for home cooking and deep-frying.
The influence of the denitrifying strain of Staphylococcus carnosus No. 5304 on the content of nitrates in the technology of yogurt production
Authors: Kukhtyn Mykola , Salata Volodymyr , Horiuk Yulia , Kovalenko Vyacheslav , Ulko Larisa , Prosyanуi Sergiy , Shuplyk Viktor , Kornienko Leonid
Published: February 2021

Contamination of food with nitrates is a generally recognized problem. Milk is the basis for the production of many milk mixtures for baby food, and children are considered to be the most vulnerable category to the harmful influence of nitrates. The purpose of the search was to investigate the denitrification of milk with different amounts of nitrates by the denitrifying microorganisms of Staphylococcus carnosus in the technology of production of sour-milk products. The denitrification process of S. carnosus milk in the amount of 103 CFU.cm-3 was found to reduce the nitrate content by an average of 88.0 ±3.9 mg.kg-1 and in the samples of the first group was 10.3 ±2.4 mg.kg-1, the second 110.7 ±4.1 and the third 214.5 ±6.3 mg.kg-1, respectively. In the search of the denitrification process of S. carnosus milk in the amount of 104 CFU.cm-3, was found that in the ready yogurt in the samples of the first group the amount of nitrates was 1.1 ±0.1 mg.kg-1, in the second group 56.4 ±3.5 mg.kg-1, and in the third 159.5 ±4.1 mg.kg-1 respectively. In the search of the denitrification process of S. carnosus milk in the amount of 105 CFU.cm-3, was found that nitrates were practically absent in the samples of the first group, the second group did not exceed 10 mg.kg-1, and the third was 107.4 ±3.9 mg.kg-1. Therefore, received data indicate the possibility of using strain S. carnosus No. 5304 for denitrification of milk with a high content of nitrates in the technology of production of fermented milk products, in particular yogurt.
The nutritional characteristics and acceptability of Baobab (Adansonia digitata L) pulp as nutrient concentrate substitute in custard powder
Authors: Olatoye Kazeem , Olusanya Oluwatobi , Olaniran Abiola
Published: February 2021

Micronutrient deficiency in the human diet is of serious concern in developing nations. The utilization potential of Baobab pulp (BP) as a micronutrient source in custard formulation was evaluated. Custard powder was formulated from corn-starch, salt, flavor, colorant, and a commercial nutrient concentrate (NC) using a standard recipe, as a control sample. The nutrient concentrate was substituted by 20 – 50% of Baobab pulp in custard formulation. Custard powder was characterized by chemical, physicochemical, pasting, and sensory properties, using standard procedures. Substitution of Baobab pulp for nutrient concentrate in custard formulation resulted in a significant (p ≤0.05) increase in the crude protein (2.23 – 3.67%), fat (1.49 – 2.40%), fiber (2.95 – 4.85%), and ash (2.21 – 3.63%) contents of custard powder. The vitamins A, C, and Beta-carotene contents of Baobab pulp-fortified custard varied (p ≤0.05) significantly. Substitution of Baobab pulp for nutrient concentrate increased the mineral composition (Calcium (1.16 – 5.75 ppm), Magnesium (1.09 – 1.83 ppm), Potassium (0.81 – 2.68 ppm), and Iron (0.12 – 0.39 ppm)) of custard samples significantly (p ≤0.05). The addition of Baobab pulp in the custard powder formulation enhanced its chemical composition and sensory attributes. The enhancement level increases with an increase in the proportion of baobab pulp.
MULTICULTURALISM AS A CHALLENGE FOR POLISH PROBATION SERVICES
Authors: Zamarlik-Mazurek Monika , Fuchs Grzegorz
Published: February 2021

The aim of the article is to explain selected elements of multiculturalism in contemporary Polish society, with particular emphasis on probation offi cers and probationers who are foreigners. The description of multiculturalism, including with reference to the work of probation offi cers, in the context of those for whom they perform work, i.e. the supervised foreigners, has the main purpose of signalling the problem. Multiculturalism is a challenge for many areas of society functioning. The confrontation by probation offi cers with this phenomenon seems inevitable, and is actually happening at the moment. Nevertheless, in the future it may become a problem on a larger scale. Therefore, it is necessary to explore this area now from the scientifi c point of view and to make interested specialists in the fi eld of probation familiar with it. The aim of this kind of activities is to prepare probation offi cers to properly perform their duties also towards foreigners, a special group and one that is undoubtedly important from the point of view of the development of the Polish state.
Status of Paliga auratalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) as black potato pest and its control strategy using natural enemies
Authors:   Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Science, Erniwati Erniwati , Sayusti Tiara ,   Department of Biology, IPB University, Noerdjito Woro Anggraitoningsih ,   Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Science
Published: February 2021

Plectranthus rotundifolius (Lamiales: Lamiaceae) is an edible tuber that is widely distributed in Asia, covering India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, and Indonesia. P. rotundifolius, which is commonly called black potato in Indonesia, has the potential to be developed for national food diversification due to its high carbohydrates. However, one of the challenges in black potato cultivation is the existence of leaf-eating caterpillar. This study aimed to evaluate the status of Paliga auratalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) larva as an insect pest in black potato plant and to develop the control strategy by using parasitoid as the natural enemies. Observation and collection of P. auratalis and other potential insect pests were conducted in 12 black potato plantations located in five provinces of Java island. The life cycle of P. auratalis was observed in the laboratory of Zoology Division, Research Centre for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Science. Rearing of unhealthy P. auratalis larvae was also conducted to observe the parasitoid. We identified five moth larvae species that infested black potato plants: Argyrograma sp., Pycnarmon cribata, Pleuroptya punctimarginalis, Rehimena diemenalis, and Paliga auratalis. Our results showed that P. auratalis larva is the main insect pest in Java island with the serious attack status and black potato was recorded as a new host plant. Paliga auratalis spends its lifecycle from eggs to adulthood between 25 – 32 days with a total number of eggs of about 60-80 per female individual. We also identified two parasitic wasps as the parasitoid of P.auratalis: Cryptopimpla sp. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and Aspanteles sp. (Lepidoptera: Barconidae), which can potentially be developed as biological control agents for P. auratalis.
The activity of bioactive compounds against several diseases by modulating autophagy
Authors:   University Center of Excellence for Nutraceuticals, Biosciences and Biotechnology Research Center, Bandung Institute of Technology, Qomaladewi Nurinanda Prisky , Cho Jae Youl ,   Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University
Published: February 2021

Several bioactive compounds derived from Indonesia plants, such as xanthorrhizol, gingerol, and pinostrobin are the major compound in a certain plant. They have some pharmacological activities against several diseases, such as inflammation, tumor, and cancer, and modulate other mechanisms. One of them is one of programmed cell death called autophagy. The regulation involves several pathways on upstream and downstream of the autophagy mechanism and affects its activity. Each of the compound has different site of target when it comes to different case of diseases. Here we explained how the bioactive compounds regulate autophagy against several diseases.
Meritve podajnosti arterij pri slovenskih otrocih in mladostnikih
Authors: Čas Katarina , Cossutta Irena , Esih Maruša , Bržan Doc. dr. Petra Povalej , Marčun Varda Nataša
Published: February 2021

Izhodišče: V Sloveniji so pri otrocih dejavniki, ki vplivajo na srčno-žilno ogroženost, v zadnjih letih v porastu. Merjenje hitrosti pulznega vala (PWV) je neinvazivna oblika merjenja srčno-žilne ogroženosti, ki bi se lahko uporabljala za spremljanje ogroženih in navidezno zdravih otrok v preventivne namene. Namen pilotne raziskave je pridobiti referenčne razpone vrednosti PWV pri otrocih, da bi lahko učinkovito dolgoročno spremljali njihovo srčno-žilno ogroženost.

Metode: Med aprilom 2018 in junijem 2019 smo pri 150 otrocih osnovnih ter srednjih šol v Mariboru in okolici izmerili PWV. Za posamezno starostno skupino smo izbrali vzorec otrok in mladostnikov brez pridruženih bolezni, ki bi lahko vplivale na rezultate meritev. Za meritve PWV smo uporabljali metodo aplanacijske tonometrije SphygmoCor. Percentilni grafikon smo izrisali na osnovi metodologije LMS, percentilne krivulje pa s pomočjo funkcije na osnovi distribucije “BCCGo”.

Rezultati: Potrdili smo, da vrednosti PWV s starostjo naraščajo (Rho = 0,387; p < 0,001). Z metodo LMS smo izračunali percentilne vrednosti PWV glede na starost in jih predstavili grafično. Ob primerjavi vrednosti PWV smo ugotovili, da se te po starostnih skupinah statistično značilno razlikujejo (H = 23,062; p < 0,001). Ugotovili smo tudi, da razmerje med sistoličnim in diastoličnim krvnim tlakom šibko negativno korelira s PWV (Rho = -0,218; p = 0,043).

Zaključki: V pilotni raziskavi smo pridobili preliminarne pediatrične referenčne razpone vrednosti PWV po starosti in potrdili, da bi se lahko metoda zaradi neinvazivnosti in enostavnosti uporabljala v preventivne namene. Rezultati so obetavni, vendar je potrebno testirati večji vzorec preiskovancev, da bi opredelili nacionalne referenčne vrednosti za uporabo te metode pri spremljanju srčno-žilnega zdravja slovenske pediatrične populacije.
De las aulas con paredes a los 'Massive Open Online Courses'
Authors: Traver Vallés Paula
Published: March 2021

Hubo un tiempo en que para aprender acudíamos a clases, aquellos espacios con paredes, sillas, mesas y pizarras donde un profesor nos enseñaba la lección del día mientras los alumnos escuchábamos y hacíamos en casa las actividades que se nos encomendaban. Raras veces preguntábamos ni debatíamos temas, porque eso quedaba un poco extraño o parecía que uno era demasiado listo o demasiado torpe, a no ser que el profesor se dirigiera a nosotros directamente, en cuyo caso no teníamos otro remedio.
Converses (publicitàries) d'ascensor
Authors: Sivera Sílvia
Published: March 2021

-Puja? - Sí, al cinquè, gràcies. - Comença a fer fresca, oi? -Ja toca, som a l’octubre (SFX: dringadissa de claus en sortir de la bossa de mà). -Doncs, sí.- Doncs jo ja he arribat, au, fins una altra. -Adéu. Hi ha qui té fòbia als ascensors. Però gairebé tots detestem les converses d’ascensor. Tret que siguin en ascensors com aquests…
Long non‐coding RNA SNHG1 stimulates ovarian cancer progression by modulating expression of miR‐454 and ZEB1
Authors: Wu YinYing , Zhu Bo , Yan Yanli , Bai Shuheng , Kang Haojing , Zhang Jiangzhou , Ma Wen , Gao Ying , Hui Beina , Li Rong , Zhang Xiaozhi , Ren Juan
Published: February 2021

Ovarian cancer (OC) is highly prevalent and is associated with high mortality rates due to metastasis and relapse. In this study, we assessed the role of long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 (SNHG1) in OC to gain further insight into mechanisms that contribute to its aggressiveness. We analyzed the correlation between SNHG1, miR‐454 and zinc finger E‐box‐binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) using a dual‐luciferase reporter assay. Alterations in cell metastasis and invasiveness were observed using wound‐healing and Transwell invasion assays, respectively. Tumor xenografts allowed us to monitor liver metastasis of mice injected with A2780 cells. We found that SNHG1 is overexpressed in OC. Downregulation of SNHG1 promoted miR‐454 expression and reduced ZEB1 levels. In addition, knockdown of SNHG1, also reduced the aggressiveness of A2780 and SK‐OV3 cells. Furthermore, SNHG1 downregulation by siRNA hindered cell migration and invasion; however, this effect was reversed by co‐transfection of miR‐454 into A2780 and SK‐OV3 cells. Moreover, SNHG1 increased ZEB1 expression by downregulating miR‐454 and activated Akt signaling, thereby promoting epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and enhancing the invasiveness of OC cells. Tumor xenograft analyses confirmed that SNHG1 affects OC proliferation and metastasis in vivo. In summary, our data demonstrate that SNHG1 plays crucial roles in tumor progression and may be a useful maker for OC prognosis.
Emotion and gesture effects on narrative recall in young children and adults
Authors: Guilbert Daniel , Sweller Naomi , Van Bergen Penny
Published: February 2021

Research with children and adults suggests verbal references to negative emotion support narrative recall. To date, however, the effects of gesture on emotion recall have been ignored. Children (4–6 years) and adults viewed videos containing negatively valenced, positively valenced, and emotionally neutral stories. The narrator provided gestures reflecting the bodily state of the protagonist (negative emotion, positive emotion or neutral state), the main story event, or no gestures. Children and adults recalled more negative emotions than positive emotions or neutral states. For children, state gestures facilitated state‐related recall, and event gestures facilitated event‐related recall. For adults, state gestures did not impact recall, whereas event gestures weakened recall. For both age groups, gesture's benefits remained consistent across emotional valence. Results suggest emotional valence is not critical in determining whether viewing gestures facilitates narrative recall, with important implications for deciding how and when to use gestures to best assist listeners' recall.
A virucidal face mask based on the reverse‐flow reactor concept for thermal inactivation of SARS‐CoV‐2
Authors: Faucher Samuel , Lundberg Daniel James , Liang Xinyao Anna , Jin Xiaojia , Phillips Rosalie , Parviz Dorsa , Buongiorno Jacopo , Strano Michael S.
Published: February 2021

While facial coverings reduce the spread of SARS‐CoV‐2 by viral filtration, masks capable of viral inactivation by heating can provide a complementary method to limit transmission. Inspired by reverse‐flow chemical reactors, we introduce a new virucidal face mask concept driven by the oscillatory flow of human breath. The governing heat and mass transport equations are solved to evaluate virus and CO2 transport. Given limits imposed by the kinetics of SARS‐CoV‐2 thermal inactivation, human breath, safety, and comfort, heated masks may inactivate SARS‐CoV‐2 to medical‐grade sterility. We detail one design, with a volume of 300 ml at 90°C that achieves a 3‐log reduction in viral load with minimal impedance within the mask mesh, with partition coefficient around 2. This is the first quantitative analysis of virucidal thermal inactivation within a protective face mask, and addresses a pressing need for new approaches for personal protective equipment during a global pandemic.
Racial/ethnic disparities in early‐onset colorectal cancer: implications for a racial/ethnic‐specific screening strategy
Authors: Acuna‐Villaorduna Ana R. , Lin Juan , Kim Mimi , Goel Sanjay
Published: February 2021

Introduction

Early‐onset colorectal cancer (EO‐CRC) is a public health concern. Starting screening at 45 years has been considered, but there is discrepancy in the recommendations. Racial disparities in EO‐CRC incidence and survival are reported; however, racial/ethnic differences in EO‐CRC features that could inform a racial/ethnic‐tailored CRC screening strategy have not been reported. We compared features and survival among Non‐Hispanic White (NHW), Non‐Hispanic Black (NHB), and Hispanics with EO‐CRC.

Methods

CRC patients from SEER 1973–2010 database were identified, and EO‐CRC was defined as CRC at <50 years. Clinical/pathological features and survival were compared between NHW, NHB, and Hispanics. Cancer‐specific survival (CSS) predictors were assessed in a multivariable Cox proportional hazard model.

Results

Of 166,416 patients with CRC, 16,545 (9.9%) had EO‐CRC. The EO‐CRC frequencies in NHB and Hispanics were higher than NHW (12.7% vs. 16.5% vs. 8.7%, p < 0.001). EO‐CRC in NHB presents more frequently in females, with well/moderately differentiated, stage IV, and is less likely to present in locations targetable by sigmoidoscopy than NHW (54.6% vs. 67.7% OR:1.7, 95% p < 0.001). 5‐year CSS was lower in NHB (59.4% vs. 72.8%, HR: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.54–1.82) and Hispanics (66.4% vs. 72.8%, HR: 1.3; 95% CI: 1.16–1.39) than NHW. A regression model among patients with EO‐CRC showed that being NHB or Hispanic were independent predictors for cancer‐specific mortality, after adjusting for gender, grade, stage, and surgery.

Conclusion

EO‐CRC is more likely in NHB and Hispanics. Racial disparities in clinical/pathological features and CSS between NHB and NHW/Hispanics were evidenced. A racial/ethnic specific screening strategy could be considered as an alternative for patients younger than 50 years.
Control of OSA in a patient with CCC of soft palate using bilateral hypoglossal nerve stimulation
Authors: Lewis Richard , Le Jerome , Czank Charles , Raux Guillaume
Published: February 2021

Patients with complete concentric collapse of the redropalatal airway are excluded from unilateral hypoglossal nerve stimulation. This case report shows good control of OSA in a patient with CCC with a new bilateral hypoglossal nerve stimulator.
A six‐factor asset pricing model: The Japanese evidence
Authors: Roy Rahul
Published: February 2021

The fundamental research question associated with the asset pricing framework relates to the risk and return relationship in return predictability. We introduce the human capital component to the Fama–French five‐factor model and derive an equilibrium six‐factor asset pricing model in an intertemporal framework. The study comprises the Japanese monthly time‐series dataset for 24 years spanning November 1990 to December 2017. The Generalized method of moments estimation and Gibbons‐Ross‐Shanken test results confirm that the six‐factor model yields better estimates and equally outperforms the Fama–French three‐factor, Carhart four‐factor, and Fama–French five‐factor models in explaining the variation in excess return on Fama–French variant portfolios. The core results and findings hold when we use labor income growth as an alternate measure of human capital in the six‐factor asset pricing model.
Differential Effect of a Continental Breakfast on Tacrolimus Formulations With Different Release Characteristics
Authors: Huppertz Andrea , Bollmann Johanna , Behnisch Rouven , Bruckner Thomas , Zorn Markus , Burhenne Jürgen , Haefeli Walter E. , Czock David
Published: February 2021

Food reduces tacrolimus bioavailability after immediate‐release tacrolimus (IR‐Tac) and after a new prolonged‐release tacrolimus formulation (PR‐Tac), when using a high‐fat breakfast, but the effects of a continental breakfast on PR‐Tac are unknown. In an open‐label, 4‐phase, randomized, 2‐sequence, crossover pharmacokinetic trial, 36 healthy volunteers (18 females) received single 5‐mg tacrolimus doses as PR‐Tac and as IR‐Tac fasted or with a standardized continental breakfast. Tacrolimus pharmacokinetics were analyzed using noncompartmental methods and mixed‐model analysis of variance. The continental breakfast significantly decreased average tacrolimus exposure (area under the plasma concentration–time curve) with both preparations (IR‐Tac, 67%; 90% confidence interval [CI], 59%‐75%; P < .01; and PR‐Tac, 79%; 90%CI, 70%‐89%; P < .01) with a nonsignificant difference between both preparations (P = .10). The maximum concentration (Cmax) and the time to maximum concentration (tmax) were significantly affected only after IR‐Tac (Cmax IR‐Tac, 39%; 90%CI, 34%‐45%; P < .01; and PR‐Tac, 87%; 90%CI, 76%‐101%; P = .11; tmax IR‐Tac, 212%, 90%CI, 179%‐252%; P < .01; and PR‐Tac, 101%; 90%CI, 86%‐120%; P = .89), which was significantly different between both preparations (P < .01). Considering switching from IR‐Tac to PR‐Tac, predicted dose requirements differed according to the timing of drug intake in relation to food. In conclusion, a continental breakfast decreased average tacrolimus exposure of both preparations to a similar extent. Cmax and tmax were affected only after IR‐Tac. The effect of a standardized continental breakfast on PR‐Tac was considerably smaller than previously reported effects of a high‐fat breakfast on PR‐Tac.
Image encryption using a novel quintic jerk circuit with adjustable symmetry
Authors: Kamdjeu Kengne Léandre , Kamdeu Nkandeu Yannick Pascal , Mboupda Pone Justin Roger , Tiedeu Alain , Fotsin Hilaire Bertrand
Published: February 2021

An electronic implementation of a novel chaotic oscillator with quintic nonlinearity is proposed herein. Dynamical behaviors of the system are investigated using well‐known numerical simulations and analyses such as phase portraits, Lyapunov exponents, bifurcation diagrams, and basins of attraction. The chaotic circuit presents an inversion‐symmetry, and we show that it can exhibit some nonlinear phenomena specific to symmetric systems, such as symmetric bifurcations, symmetric attractors, coexisting symmetric bubbles, and coexisting symmetric attractors. Since symmetry is never perfect, some symmetry imperfections must be always assumed to be present. Thus, an external Direct Current (DC) voltage is introduced in order to highlight the influence of asymmetry on the dynamics of the chaotic oscillator. It is found that more complex nonlinear behaviors occur in the presence of symmetry breaking like asymmetric coexisting bifurcations, asymmetric attractors, coexisting asymmetric bubbles, and coexisting asymmetric attractors, to name a few. The control of multistability is also performed by using the so‐called linear augmentation scheme. Probe Simulation Program with Integrated Circuits Emphasis (Pspice) circuit simulations are carried out to verify the theoretical analyses. Furthermore, a chaos‐based image encryption is investigated using pseudorandom numbers generated by the proposed chaotic circuit and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) encoding technique.
Diuretic response and effects of diuretic omission in ambulatory heart failure patients on chronic low‐dose loop diuretic therapy
Authors: Dauw Jeroen , Martens Pieter , Tersalvi Gregorio , Schouteden Joren , Deferm Sébastien , Gruwez Henri , De Moor Bart , Nijst Petra , Dupont Matthias , Mullens Wilfried
Published: February 2021

Aims

To study loop diuretic response and effect of loop diuretic omission in ambulatory heart failure (HF) patients on chronic low‐dose loop diuretics.

Methods and results

Urine collections were performed on two consecutive days in 40 ambulatory HF patients with 40–80 mg furosemide (day 1 with loop diuretic; day 2 without loop diuretic). Three phases were collected each day: (i) first 6 h; (ii) rest of the day; and (iii) night. On the day of loop diuretic intake, the total natriuresis was 125.9 (86.9–155.0) mmol/24 h and urine output was 1650 (1380–2025) mL/24 h. There was a clear loop diuretic response with a natriuresis of 9.4 (6.7–15.9) mmol/h and a urine output of 117 (83–167) mL/h during the first 6 h, followed by a significant drop in natriuresis and urine output during the rest of the day [2.6 (1.8–4.8) mmol/h and 55 (33–71) mL/h] and night [2.2 (1.6–3.5) mmol/h and 44 (34–73) mL/h]. On day 2, after loop diuretic omission, the natriuresis and urine output remained similarly low the entire day, resulting in a 50% reduction in natriuresis [55.1 (33.5–77.7) mmol/24 h; P < 0.001] and a 31% reduction in urine output [1035 (875–1425) mL/24 h; P < 0.001] compared with the day of loop diuretic intake.

Conclusion

Patients with HF on chronic loop diuretic treatment still have a clear diuretic response phase, while loop diuretic omission leads to a significant drop in natriuresis and urine output, arguing against routine cessation of low‐dose loop diuretics.
A digital coding combination analysis for mutational genotyping using pyrosequencing
Authors: Wei Rongbin , Fei Zhongjie , Liu Yanrong , Fu Bangwen , Chen Ling , Wang Liu , Xiao Pengfeng
Published: February 2021

In the present study, we developed a novel digital coding combination analysis (DCCA) to analyze the gene mutation based on the sample combination principle. The principle is that any numerically named sample is divided into two groups, any two samples are not grouped in the same two groups, and any sample can be tested within the detection limit. Therefore, we proposed a specific combination that N samples were divided into M groups. Then N samples were analyzed, which could obtain the mutation results of M mixed groups. If only two groups showed positive (mutant type) signals, the same sample number from two positive signal groups would be the positive sample, and the remaining samples were negative (wild type). If three groups or more exhibited positive results, the same sample number from three positive signal groups would be the positive sample. If some samples remained uncertain, individual samples could be analyzed on a small scale. In the present study, we used the two genotypes of a mutation site (A5301G) to verify whether it was a useful and promising method. The results showed that we could quantitatively detect mutations and demonstrate 100% consistent results against a panel of defined mixtures with the detection limit using pyrosequencing. This method was suitable, sensitive, and reproducible for screening and analyzing low‐frequency mutation samples, which could reduce reagent consumption and cost by approximately 70–80% compared with conventional clinical methods.
Synthesis, structural elucidation, and antioxidant activity of new phenolic derivatives containing piperidine moiety: Experimental and theoretical investigations
Authors: Lahmidi Sanae , Anouar El Hassane , El Hafi Mohamed , El‐Guourrami Otman , Essassi El Mokhtar , Benzeid Hanane , Alharthi Abdulrahman I. , Mague Joel T.
Published: February 2021

The incorporation of the piperidine ring into drugs may play an interesting role to fulfill significant tasks and act as an active ingredient in various treatments. Herein, three novel derivatives of 3‐acetyl‐2‐hydroxybenzoic acid (3‐5) containing a piperidine ring were synthesized through the rearrangement of triacetic acid lactone in the presence of piperidine. Their molecular structures were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR and single crystal X‐ray diffraction techniques. The experimental data were compared with the predicted ones obtained in the polarizable continuum model at the B3LYP/6‐311++G(d,p) level of theory. Relatively good correlations were obtained between the experimental data (spectral and Z‐matrix coordinates) and the predicted ones, with correlation coefficients higher than 97%. The intercontacts between the closest units of 3‐5 were identified through the analysis of the Hirshfeld surface and electrostatic potentials (ESP) maps. Hirshfeld surface and ESPs analyses reveal that the closest interactions between the units of the compounds are between hydrogen atoms (59%‐67%). The antioxidant activity of 3‐5 was evaluated using DPPH free radical scavenging and ABTS assays. They exhibit moderate antioxidant activity, which probably is attributable to the presence of a phenolic moiety in their basic skeleton. Molecular docking calculations suggest that 3‐5 may mainly bind to the active binding site of peroxiredoxin 5 through strong and weak intermolecular hydrogen bonds.
The Role of Size in Trophic Niche Separation between Two Groundfish Predators in Alaskan Waters
Authors: Barnes Cheryl L. , Beaudreau Anne H. , Yamada Richard N.
Published: February 2021

To minimize negative effects of competition, predators must divide resources along one or more niche dimensions. Trophic niche separation is a principal method of resource partitioning in marine environments and is often assessed by quantifying diets of fishes with similar lengths. Taxonomic differences in allometric growth, however, suggest that the degree of gape limitation at a given body size varies among species. We studied resource overlap between two potential competitors in Southeast Alaska: Pacific Halibut Hippoglossus stenolepis and Arrowtooth Flounder Atheresthes stomias. We quantified length–gape relationships and assessed effects of fork length (FL; cm), gape height (GH; mm), and gape width (GW; mm) on interpretations of trophic niche separation. Gape sizes for Arrowtooth Flounder were nearly twice those of Pacific Halibut at similar FLs. Predators with smaller gapes exhibited moderate to high dietary overlap (D96-115GH = 0.554; D96-115GW = 0.731), whereas those with larger gapes had lower dietary overlap and distinct diet compositions (D116-135GH = 0.421; D116-135GW = 0.265). These findings suggest that the greatest potential for food competition is among small-bodied Arrowtooth Flounder and relatively large-bodied Pacific Halibut, with trophic niche separation increasing as these predators progress throughout their ontogeny. When comparing resource use among predators with similar FLs, we found high dietary overlap but significantly different diet compositions (D60-69FL = 0.657). Thus, we postulate that GW is more appropriate than FL when quantifying trophic niche separation among sympatric fishes, especially when disparate length–gape relationships are detected. Studies of resource partitioning would benefit from examining multiple size metrics and explicitly considering differences in allometric growth, thereby addressing potential mechanisms for resource overlap among hypothesized competitors.
Comprehensive Review of Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Features of Invasive Lobular Cancer
Authors: Pramod Nikhil , Nigam Akanksha , Basree Mustafa , Mawalkar Resham , Mehra Saba , Shinde Neelam , Tozbikian Gary , Williams Nicole , Majumder Sarmila , Ramaswamy Bhuvaneswari
Published: February 2021

Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) accounts for 10% to 15% of breast cancers in the United States, 80% of which are estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, with an unusual metastatic pattern of spread to sites such as the serosa, meninges, and ovaries, among others. Lobular cancer presents significant challenges in detection and clinical management given its multifocality and multicentricity at presentation. Despite the unique features of ILC, it is often lumped with hormone receptor-positive invasive ductal cancers (IDC); consequently, ILC screening, treatment, and follow-up strategies are largely based on data from IDC. Despite both being treated as ER-positive breast cancer, querying the Cancer Genome Atlas database shows distinctive molecular aberrations in ILC compared with IDC, such as E-cadherin loss (66% vs. 3%), FOXA1 mutations (7% vs. 2%), and GATA3 mutations (5% vs. 20%). Moreover, compared with patients with IDC, patients with ILC are less likely to undergo breast-conserving surgery, with lower rates of complete response following therapy as these tumors are less chemosensitive. Taken together, this suggests that ILC is biologically distinct, which may influence tumorigenesis and therapeutic strategies. Long-term survival and clinical outcomes in patients with ILC are worse than in stage- and grade-matched patients with IDC; therefore, nuanced criteria are needed to better define treatment goals and protocols tailored to ILC's unique biology. This comprehensive review highlights the histologic and clinicopathologic features that distinguish ILC from IDC, with an in-depth discussion of ILC's molecular alterations and biomarkers, clinical trials and treatment strategies, and future targets for therapy.

Implications for Practice

The majority of invasive lobular breast cancers (ILCs) are hormone receptor (HR)-positive and low grade. Clinically, ILC is treated similar to HR-positive invasive ductal cancer (IDC). However, ILC differs distinctly from IDC in its clinicopathologic characteristics and molecular alterations. ILC also differs in response to systemic therapy, with studies showing ILC as less sensitive to chemotherapy. Patients with ILC have worse clinical outcomes with late recurrences. Despite these differences, clinical trials treat HR-positive breast cancers as a single disease, and there is an unmet need for studies addressing the unique challenges faced by patients diagnosed with ILC.