bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Of Embodiment and Ether
Authors: Burns Jim
Published: November 2013

This chapter is an autoethnographic account of a scholar’s journey toward understanding his experience of the complexity of community, both physical and virtual, and how he began to understand, in relationship with others, the interplay between the two. Related to the centrality of relationships and community in physical and virtual spaces, this work explores how young men use technology and social media, particularly Facebook, texting, and video games, to establish, maintain, and strengthen in-person relationships and community ties. It also provides a narrative of researching and reflecting on research and reveals how digital technology can play a significant role in reaching out to and connecting with others.
Measuring and Managing the Economics of Information Storage
Authors: Swacha Jakub
Published: November 2013

The chapter addresses the problem of measuring and managing the economics of information storage. By resorting to actual measurements rather than rules of thumb, one can objectively substantiate spending on information storage infrastructure and implementation of specific storage management policies. In the chapter, a versatile model of an information storage system is defined, along with a set of measures pertaining to the respective qualities of information. In addition, aggregate measures are proposed that give an overall view of the information storage system, helping to assess storage management policies with ambivalent results. Finally, the assessment procedure is described.
The Role of Value Networks in the Design of Mobile Platforms
Authors: Al-Debei Mutaz M. , Aloudat Anas , Al-Lozi Enas , Al Asswad Mohammad Mourhaf
Published: November 2013

Unlike the simple mobile voice service, which is normally designed and developed by the telecom itself, the development of mobile data services and platforms, due to their complexity, usually requires a collaboration and cooperation amongst many actors within and outside the mobile telecommunication industry such as mobile network operators, content providers, content aggregators, payment gateways, regulatory commissions, and others. The actors usually form the so-called value network in which each actor complements others and adds important value elements to the final value proposition given that actors have different knowledge domains, backgrounds, and expertise. Contrasting value chains where the relationships amongst different parties are to some extent simple and linear, the relationships linking actors in value networks are mainly complex and non-linear, and such relationships had led to a shift from forming value chains to creating value networks in many digital economies such as the mobile telecommunication industry. Although it is argued that designing powerful value networks is critical to the success of mobile platforms, very limited research can be found on explaining and proving this argument. As such, this chapter intuitively utilizes a methodical approach to explain the role of value networks in the design of successful mobile platforms. This chapter demonstrates, through the case of iPhone, how a powerful and well-designed value network is a critical enabler of innovations in the mobile telecommunications industry. Further, the chapter argues that cohesion, fitting network-mode, uniqueness, and dynamicity are four key value drivers of powerful value networks.
Identifying the Business Value of Information Security
Authors: Cardholm Lucas
Published: November 2013

Management may see information security as an inhibitor to daily operations if the investment is not well aligned with current business activities or is presented in financial terms not relevant to their agenda. While this chapter shows that information security improvements create bottom-line business benefits, there is still a need for security managers to focus on quantifying those benefits in relevant financial terms. The purpose is to demystify the principles of general investment processes and criteria for calculating the benefits and costs of investments while accentuating alignment to the imperatives of the organization that makes the investment. As information security investments are assessed alongside other investment projects, it helps to consider them on an equal footing, implying the use of similar, and ideally the same, methods of financial cost projection. It is equally important to position and present the proposed investment in a relevant business context.
Flipping the Classroom in a Teacher Education Course
Authors: Dickenson Patricia
Published: November 2013

Teacher education preparation programs prepare pre-service teachers for K-12 classrooms. In order to best prepare pre-service teachers, higher education institutions must be cognizant of the changes that are occurring in today’s K-12 classes. The flipped model is an approach to instruction where direct instruction and lecture is viewed at home and class time is used for collaboration and project-based learning. This approach to instruction is becoming increasingly popular in primary and secondary education classrooms throughout the United States. It is important to examine how a flipped classroom approach may influence pre-service teachers in a university preparation program. This chapter explores a case study that examined the flipped classroom in a teacher education course compared to a traditional course.
Active Learning in the Flipped English Language Arts Classroom
Authors: Moran Clarice , Young Carl A.
Published: November 2013

This mixed-methods research study examines the engagement of high school students in a flipped English Language Arts (ELA) classroom. The students were enrolled in two sections of an Advanced Placement English Language Arts and Composition (AP Lang) course and were in the 11th grade. Forty-nine participants answered questions on a validated survey, and 8 participants took part in 2 focus groups. In addition, a researcher observed the flipped classroom and took field notes. Quantitative survey data was analyzed through STATA statistics software, and qualitative data was transcribed and coded. The results of the data analysis indicate that students had mixed feelings about the flipped method and its implementation in an ELA classroom. Survey data indicates general support for the method’s principles but revealed mixed attitudes toward it as a method of instruction, especially in terms of it as a strategy for addressing all instruction in the ELA classroom. Qualitative data indicates that some students felt more engaged by the flipped method, while others did not. The results of the research indicate that the flipped method might be effective, in part, in an ELA classroom, but not as a sole means of instruction.
The Flipped Model in an Advanced Placement United States History Course
Authors: Kotlik Ronald H.
Published: November 2013

The flipped classroom model can transform the traditional lecture-discussion approach to teaching history and give teachers and students the opportunity to explore more student-centered critical thinking activities. This chapter explores how an Advanced Placement United States History course was transformed through the flipped model. First, the teacher shares his frustrations with trying to “cover” a tremendous amount of content in a short amount of time, which often led to the course being dominated by a lecture-discussion format. Second, the teacher details the methods and tools used to flip this course and the enrichment activities that ensued. Finally, there is an exploration of student reaction to this experience followed by a comprehensive discussion of the emerging technology tools currently available to achieve success with the flipped model.
Using the Flipped Classroom Instructional Approach to Foster a Mathematics-Anxious-Friendly Learning Environment
Authors: Yuen Chris L.
Published: November 2013

This chapter examines the nature and characteristics of mathematics anxiety learning and provides instructional implications for highly mathematics-anxious learners, which are informed by lived experience. The discussion comes from research on the Mathematics Anxiety Learning Phenomenon (MALP), a hermeneutic phenomenological study using Wilber’s Integral Model as the underpinning framework. Based on the lived experience data, hermeneutic themes were developed, and it is shown that those themes are capitalized upon in the flipped approach to foster a mathematics-anxious-friendly learning environment. Using the themes from the study, the chapter argues that the flipped approach could be beneficial to students who are highly mathematics-anxious. The system of linear equations with two variables, a common mathematics topic, is used to illustrate how the flipped approach to instructional design could recognize mathematics-anxious adult learners.
Flipping the Constitutional Law Classroom
Authors: Ernst Julia L.
Published: November 2013

This chapter explores the initial methods used in developing a flipped classroom model for a first-year Constitutional Law course in a law school setting. It explores this topic from a very preliminary perspective, revealing the thought process and creation of the newly revamped class at the beginning stages, before the model has been implemented in the classroom. This work arises out of a successful proposal that the author submitted to the University of North Dakota’s Office of Instructional Development seeking a Summer Instructional Development Project (SIDP) grant. The SIDP award has enabled the author to begin the endeavor of flipping the classroom in Constitutional Law, which will be implemented when the course is offered in the spring semester of 2014.
Hybrid Set Structures for Soft Computing
Authors: John Sunil Jacob , Babitha KV
Published: November 2013

A Major problem in achieving an effective computational systems is the presence of inherent uncertainty in the computational problem itself. Among various techniques proposed to address this, the technique of soft computing is of significant interest. Further, Generalized set structures like fuzzy sets, rough sets, multisets etc. have already proven their role in the context of soft computing. The computational techniques based on one of these structures alone will not always yield the best results but a fusion of two or more of them can often give better results. Such structures are regarded as hybrid set structures. This chapter surveys an analysis of various hybrid set structures which are quite useful tools for soft computing and shows how this hybridization can help in improving modeling real situations.
Construction of Normal Fuzzy Numbers using the Mathematics of Partial Presence
Authors: Baruah Hemanta K.
Published: November 2013

Every normal law of fuzziness can be expressed in terms of two laws of randomness defined in the measure theoretic sense. Indeed, two probability measures are necessary and sufficient to define a normal law of fuzziness. Hence, the measure theoretic matters with reference to fuzziness have to be studied accordingly. In this chapter, we are going to discuss how to construct normal fuzzy numbers using this concept which is based on our mathematics of partial presence. Three case studies have been presented with reference to expressing stock prices in terms of fuzzy numbers. We have shown how exactly a normal fuzzy number appears.
An Algebraic Study of the Notion of Independence of Frames
Authors: Cuzzolin Fabio
Published: November 2013

The theory of belief functions or “theory of evidence” allows the mathematical representation of uncertain pieces of evidence on which decisions can be based. Frequently, different pieces of evidence belong to distinct, albeit related, domains or “frames”: for instance, audio and video clues can be combined to infer the identity of a person from a video. Evidence encoded by different belief functions on separate frames can be merged on a common frame, a combination which is guaranteed to exist if and only if the frames are “independent” in the sense of Boolean algebras. In all other cases the evidence conflicts. Independence of frames and belief function combinability are then strictly related. In this chapter, the authors discuss the notion of independence of frames in the theory of evidence from an algebraic point of view, starting from an analogy with standard linear independence. The final goal is to search for a solution of the problem of conflicting belief function via a generalization of the classical Gram-Schmidt algorithm for vector orthogonalization. Families of frames can be given several algebraic interpretations in terms of semi-modular lattices, matroids, and geometric lattices. Each of those structures is endowed with a particular (extended) independence relation, which we prove to be distinct albeit related to independence of frames.
Motives for Feral Systems in Denmark
Authors: Tambo Torben , Olsen Martin , Bækgaard Lars
Published: November 2013

Feral systems have largely been regarded as the users’ response to discrepancies between official IT software systems and actual business processes. Inadequacies, discrepancies, and absence of systems support to work processes might lead to users initiating systems development themselves: systems involving any combination of software and manual processes. Feral systems are unofficial and exhibit a conflict between formal and actual operational implementation. In this chapter, the use and implementation of feral systems in Denmark are analysed and discussed. It is found interesting to aim for an understanding of feral systems in a small, relatively agile economy with traditionally positive to rapid adoption of information technology in enterprises. The method being used is qualitative case studies in selected companies representing various complexities of their respective business models and industries. The case studies address both issues of organisational and technological nature of the feral systems typically with an offset in the companies’ overall information systems architecture. Among findings are (1) feral systems as a known choice when reflecting business processes with open and non-routinised character, (2) a general acceptance not related to the size or industry, (3) feral systems have received attention as implementations of innovation, (4) feral systems start as opposed to formal and official systems, but during their lifetime they can drift towards a more official status, and (5) feral systems are accepted as low-cost solutions to fill gaps in business process support where ERP systems come short.
What Drives the End User to Build a Feral Information System?
Authors: Spierings Anthony
Published: November 2013

In this chapter, the authors explore a wide mixture of economic and social concepts. At first, the reader may wonder what these diverse theories have to do with Feral Information Systems (FIS). However, the research indicates that understanding how these theoretical puzzle pieces interact with each other is important to increasing the understanding of what drives the End User to create Feral Information Systems.
Architectural Issues Related to Feral Information Systems
Authors: Bækgaard Lars , Olsen Martin , Tambo Torben
Published: November 2013

User-developed Information System (IS) add-ons, like spreadsheet applications, can be observed in many companies. Such IS add-ons are created for a variety of reasons, as for instance improved system flexibility, faster development time, better customization, and local data control. These IS add-ons may represent a challenge for attempts to create and maintain company-wide enterprise architectures, as they may interfere with an effective integration of information technology resources, the stated aim of company-wide enterprise systems. Therefore, the primary purpose of this chapter is to discuss user-developed information system add-ons from an architectural perspective. The challenge is to ascertain the merits of end-user initiatives and the benefits of enterprise architectures in a balanced manner. This chapter suggests a set of guidelines for handling user-developed IS add-ons in the context of enterprise-wide architectures.
Books for African Readers
Authors: Parry Kate
Published: November 2013

This chapter addresses the question of what materials would be useful and enjoyable for the new readers emerging from Africa’s recently expanded education systems. The Kitengesa Community Library in Uganda is described, and the library’s records of which books were borrowed over 2004-5 are analyzed. According to various criteria, the most popular books were storybooks, especially those based on traditional African stories. Books about various aspects of social development were less popular but were nonetheless borrowed and presumably read. The study has limitations, but it provides an indication of what kinds of material are appropriate for community libraries in rural Africa.
Communication, Culture, and Discord
Authors: Rasheed Reema , Jackson Keith
Published: November 2013

This case study examines an avoidable failure of management communication and leadership in a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) established in Palestine in 1994 with European Union (EU) funding. It has been staffed over time by European and Palestinian employees. This case study highlights processes of cross-cultural communication between local and non-local employees, the mismanagement of which appears to have led to conflict and a breakdown of relationships such that the achievement of the NGO’s mission became threatened. Using a combination of verbatim testimony by the employees involved and reference to established theories of conflict management, cross-cultural communication, and organizational leadership, the case study illustrates how avoidable conflict can arise in organizations, notably in international NGOs. Furthermore, the case study illustrates how timely and effective leadership interventions might prevent conflict becoming both ingrained and detrimental to the health of the organization, thereby undermining its potential to fulfil its mission.
Risk Management Decisions and Organizational Structure in the Case of a Development Management Firm
Authors: Baydoun Mohammad
Published: November 2013

This case aims to analyze risk management practices of Millennium Development International (MDI) and suggest enhancements based on a theoretical framework derived from the literature while considering the implications to its organizational structure. Al-Shamiyah project in Makkah, Saudi Arabia, is used as an example to illustrate the practices of MDI. Due to a high level of risk associated with large-scale development projects, it is argued that the traditional risk management approach is not convenient to the context of these projects. Each large-scale project has a high level of uniqueness that renders benchmarks generated out of previous projects obsolete. Hence, a reactive risk management approach is being promoted. For the purpose of optimizing this approach, engaging necessary experts and securing the presence of key decision makers in the process, the formulated system defines key milestones at which risks need to be assessed and proper decisions need to be taken.
The Case of the National Capital Market Authority
Authors: Hjouj Khaled
Published: November 2013

This case is about the National Capital Market Authority (NCMA), which is a regulatory, legislative, and supervisory governmental organization responsible for regulating the capital market in one of the Gulf countries. This case addresses the issues generated by a power struggle in the IT directorate and how hiring and promoting was subjected to personal relations with the CEO, which resulted in an organizational misalignment with target goals and led to organizational setbacks and business operation disruptions. NCMA was going through a major transition when they announced the restructuring of the organization. The IT department needed new leadership, after the director of the IT Directorate was laid off. Then the directorate management was assigned to an Acting Director, who was personally related to the CEO. He was unable to accept that he did not have the needed managerial skills to run the department.
Different Philosophical, Aesthetic and Sociological Approaches to the Relation Art-Labor-Economy
Authors: Stoica Loredana
Published: November 2013

The article is focused on depicting some of the most important theories about the interdependent relation between art, labor and economy as compartments of the social life, built on specific strategies, forms of communication and types of messages, codes and laws that have various kinds of utility and finality for man as an artist and social performer.
Considering Complexity in Simple Solutions
Authors: Taylor Teri
Published: November 2013

Video-based communications technologies are not new. However, with increasing drivers for efficiency and cost-effectiveness in higher education, the use of this technology is being explored for what have traditionally been face-to-face activities. This article conceptualises the intricacies of influencing factors affecting the performance of video-based communications in student support activities. Considering video-based communication within student support as a complex adaptive system, the author aims to illustrate how a multitude of intrinsic and extrinsic variables interact and impact upon individual experiences. Using an illustrative diagram, the article explores how psychology and behavioural aspects integrate with communications theory, technological experience, task objectives and social presence theory to necessitate careful consideration of individual need and purpose when planning for technological implementation.
Using the Viable System Model for Methodical Assessment of Variety in Organizations
Authors: Rosenkranz Christoph , Holten Roland
Published: November 2013

The complexity in value chains that arises from the cooperation of multiple stakeholders is of utmost importance for managers and organizational designers. In this context, theories of organizational design seek to address the practical problem of intentionally changing organizational structures and processes to enhance organizational performance. Successful cooperation largely depends on effective and efficient information flows. This paper reports on a research project using the design science research framework to develop a method for the analysis and design of information flows. Linking information flows to the concept of variety, the Viable System Model is applied as a theoretical foundation of the so-called Variety Engineering method. The design of method is reported, the procedure for its application is demonstrated, and it is accounted for how the method was evaluated in a set of field studies.
A Software Modeling Approach to Ontology Design via Extensions to ODM and OWL
Authors: Saripalle Rishi Kanth , Demurjian Steven A. , Algarín Alberto De la Rosa , Blechner Michael
Published: November 2013

Ontologies are built to establish standard terminologies representing a semantic agreement between humans and knowledge systems via representational frameworks (e.g., KIF, DAML+OIL, OWL, etc.) that have been proposed in the research community, with limited adoption in industry. One possible reason is a lack of a formal model and associated process to more precisely and accurately design and develop ontologies. The authors’ prior work explored UML, entity-relationship diagrams, and XML as compared to RDF and OWL, identifying modeling capabilities lacking in ontologies. In all three approaches, design precedes instantiation which contrasts with ontology developers who build ontologies at the application level targeted to a specific domain. The paper proposes design-level modeling enhancements to ontologies by extending the OMG Ontology Definition Model (ODM) and OWL grammar with capabilities from the three aforementioned approaches, promoting a software engineering-based process. As a result, this work provides a more software engineering-oriented process to ontology design and development.
Optimal Introduction Timing Policy for a Successive Generational Product
Authors: Aggrawal Deepti , Singh Ompal , Anand Adarsh , Aggarwal Mohini
Published: November 2013

Globalized economy has led firms to introduce new innovations in the market quite frequently. Optimal Introduction time is an important strategic decision for firms because an early introduction may not take off as customers; channel members and other required partners might not be receptive enough, on the other hand too late an entry results in loss of opportunity for the firm. The decision is even more critical when introducing successive generations over time. In this study, the authors have developed an analytical approach to help decide the optimal introduction time for successive generational product. The timing decision depends on whether firms push the product to market before competitors or invest more time in process & product design and improvement. The authors have examined the case where a firm introduces successive generations of a durable product for which demand is characterized by an innovation diffusion process. Results are supplemented by a numerical example.
A Model of Sheath of Bovine Horn Coupled Nano-Mechanical Properties and Microstructures
Authors: Wang Rui Qing , Wang Xiao Hui , Wang Yue Ming , Gao Jiu Hao , Tong Jin , Sun Ji Yu
Published: November 2013

With the long-term evolution, the bovine horn as the primary protective and offensive weapon has superior mechanical properties. The bovine horn consists of two parts, the keratinous horn sheath and the bony core. The keratinous is natural composite material with a highly toughness and can bear impact and repeated loads during fighting. It has a complex hierarchical microarchitecture. To establish the qualitative model for finding the possible relationship between structure and mechanical properties of bovine horn, in this paper, the model was established that based on the parameters provided by microstructure imaging and nanoindentation testing from transverse and longitudinal directions. Which would provide information useful for the developing bionic composite materials for micro-aircraft, bionic tribology, bionic medical apparatus and bionic organs (tissue engineering).
Bionic Jump Mechanism Analysis Based on Locust Hind
Authors: Chen Dong Hui , Xie Heng , Ye Shao Bo , Wu Ting , Lu Xin , Chang Zhi Yong
Published: November 2013

The structure of corn stubble was complex and closely combined with the soil, so dig location and root-soil separation are the urgent problem of the manufacturing of corn stubble harvesting machinery. This paper mainly focuses on investigating the interaction principles of corn stubble and soil which by the UU triaxial compression tests. Compared the shear strength of three different types of corn root-soil complexes (vertical root, horizontal root, complex root) and pure soil, and analyzed three important factors affecting the root-soil complex shear strength, it was shown that the presence of corn fibrous root can enhance the soil shear strength and different with their layout types. It will provide a theoretical basis for the design of bionic agricultural tillage components for root- soil separation.
Hydrostatic Stress and Triaxiality Factors in a Lotus Root Cross Section
Authors: Wang Chang Jiang , Mynors Diane
Published: November 2013

Engineers often use nature as an inspiration for generating designs. Plants have optimised their structures over millions of years of evolution. A lotus root, rhizome of Nelumbo Nucifera Gaertn having gas canals was studied in the paper. The lotus root cross section subjected to an external water pressure was analysed and compared with other cross sections including a circular hollow cross section. It was found that the lotus root cross section has more areas containing higher triaxiality factors due to the holes. The hydrostatic stress in the lotus root cross section varies from zero to several times that of the external water pressure. However, the hydrostatic stress in a circular hollow cross section has a constant ratio to the external pressure. The research results show that engineering components with designed multi-holes can affect its failure behaviour. The structure of lotus root may be adopted in the design of engineering materials and structures.
Wing Kinematics of Long Eared Owl and Sparrow Hawk in Flapping Flight
Authors: Chen Kun , Liu Qing Ping , Sun Wen Lei , Liao Geng Hua , Ren Lu Quan
Published: November 2013

Many species of owl has ability of fly silently. To explore the mechanism of owl’s silent flight, the kinematic character of the silent flight owl have been studied preliminarily on 3D motion capture technology. The paper has compared the flight motion between the long eared owl(Asio otus) and sparrow hawk(Accipiter nisus). According to the kinematic data, the flight trajectory, flapping frequency, flapping cycle, wrist angle, upstroke and downstroke percentage of cycle were computed and analyzed. The results show that wing tip, wrist and primary feather P10 of long eared owl and the eagle owl have obvious trajectory in flapping flight. Especially the wing tip trajectory in upstroke shows double“8”type. However, the wing tip trajectory in upstroke of sparrow hawk shows single“8”type. The wrist angle of silent owl keeps in downstroke and decreases in upstroke. But the wrist angle of sparrow hawk has increased first and then kept in downstroke, and the angle has begun decrease in upstroke. The above results show the difference of wing kinematics between silent owl and sparrow hawk, and will be useful for bionic design and silent fly technology.
Implementation and Control of a Rotary Manipulator Driven by Soft Dielectric Electroactive Polymer
Authors: Wang Hua Ming , Luo Hua An , Yang Bin
Published: November 2013

Dielectric Electroactive Polymers (EAPs) are closest to natural muscles in terms of strain, energy density, efficiency and speed. A 2-DOF (Degree of Freedom) rotary manipulator driven by soft dielectric EAP is designed based on the biological agonist–antagonist configuration. Compact rolled actuators are chosen and implemented to drive the manipulator. To avoid the complicated solving of nonlinear differential equations, electromechanical characteristics of actuators are obtained by measuring their force behavior under different voltages and lengths. A CMAC (Cerebellar model articulation controller) neural network-based closed loop controller is developed to implement the position control of the manipulator and is evaluated by tracking a circle. According to the force analysis of the manipulator, forces of antagonistic actuators are determined by force decomposition to produce the desired force output, and then the voltages for actuators at certain lengths can be calculated through measured electromechanical characteristics. Experiment shows the measured force agrees well with the desired force. Due to the advantages of dielectric EAP, the manipulator has application prospects in areas of rehabilitation, force feedback or flexible manipulation without damage.
Investigation on a Linear Actuator Using an Ionic Polymer-Metal Composite
Authors: Wang Bao Lei , Yu Min , He Qing Song , Ru Jie , Dai Zhen Dong
Published: November 2013

Ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) is a new kind of electroactive polymer with the advantages of low driving voltage and large bend, which has shown great potential for practical applications. In this paper, IPMC was fabricated by casting and electroless plating. Using the as-fabricated IPMC, a linear actuator was designed to transform bending motion of a cantilever IPMC into straight line motion. The linear actuator's output displacement and blocking force were investigated on a test apparatus. The results showed that the mechanism design for the linear actuator was feasible.
Electrophoretic Deposition of Foam Ni/CNT Composites and their Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Performance
Authors: Zhao Hui Hui , Ji Ke Ju , Liu Ting Ting , Xu Yin Song , Dai Zhen Dong
Published: November 2013

Abstract. One of the most effective means to treat electromagnetic pollution is to develop electromagnetic interference shielding materials. Such as Foam nickel, a new lightweight porous material with large surface area, good conductivity and permeability, has drawn much expectation by virtue of its excellent electromagnetic interference shielding(EMI) performance. Recently, with the development of nanometer materials, Tremendous researches also showed that it is an efficient way to combine Foam Ni with nanometer materials for enhanced EMI performance. Herein, in this work, porous nickl/carbon nanotubes(CNT) composites were successfully prepared by a facile electrophoretic deposition method. scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and EMI tests were adopted to carefully characterize its morphology, compositions and EMI performance, respectively. The results indicated that CNT were homogeneously and tightly deposited on the surface of foam Ni by electric field force during the electrophoresis process. With the addition of CNT, the shielding behavior of the 90 PPI and 1.5 mm thick composite could be as high as 31dB in average, which is 14 dB increased compared with the pure foam Ni under same conditions around 8~12GHz frequencies. The synergistic effects of both foam Ni and CNT resulted in superior EMI performance and broad application prospects.
Improvement of Torque Control in EPS Using Induction Motor
Authors: Zhao Fei Xiang , Zhang Jian Wei , Guo Kong Hui , Zhang Li Hao
Published: November 2013

In order to solve the torque control problem in electric power steering using induction motor,the system mathematical model was established and the impact on the torque control caused by the variation of rotor resistance was analyzed. Using feed-forward and feedback integrating control and on-line resistance identification to improve the accuracy of torque control and current tracking response. Simulation comparisons showed that the proposed method could significantly improve the current response speed and accuracy in induction motor control of electric power steering system.
The Study of Prediction of Agricultural Source Pollution Emissions of Ammonia Nitrogen (AN) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) Based on Bionic Neural Network Algorithm
Authors: Guo Hong Peng , Feng Gan Yu , Liu Chun Xia , Zhang Xiao Yi
Published: November 2013

Nearly 40% of Chinese water pollution comes from agricultural sources of pollution, and the annual emissions are difference. If we want to control pollution emissions effectively, we need to accurately predict the amount of agricultural emissions of Ammonia Nitrogen (AN) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). Due to the complex mechanism of the agricultural non-point source pollution, its emissions are very difficult to measure. Currently, the Bionics Research is in a stage of rapid development, and it continues to expand into many new areas of research. So the comprehensive study of Bionics and pollutant control study will be a good choice. This research used bionic BP（Back Propagation） neural network algorithm, and used pollution census data from 2002 to 2007 and established neural network model with neural network algorithm. And we predicted the agricultural sources of emissions of AN and COD with the data from 2008 to 2010. Finally we compared the predicted value and the actual value. Research results showed that, with using the bionic BP neural network, agricultural sources emissions of AN and COD are evaluated actually and the results indicate that the average error is under 5.0%. Research results proved that the model is effective. The neural network is a scientific predict method for the agricultural sources emissions of AN and COD. It can be widely used in the prediction of agricultural sources emissions of AN and COD.
An Equipment Used for Studying the Vestibular Perception of Gekko gecko
Authors: Shang Lei , Wang Wen Bo , Liu Ting Ting , Cai Lei , Wang Hao , Dai Zhen Dong
Published: November 2013

The study of vestibule neurons specific firing mode of Gekko gecko under stimulus of different angles and rotating speeds has an important theoretical significance to reveal the control mechanism of Gekko geckos vestibular position as well as to the development of gecko-robots. A vari-angle rotating equipment was made to give different stimulus in study of Gekko geckos vestibular electrophysiology. The equipment mainly consisted of four parts as follows: fastening panel for stereotaxic instrument, shaft locking device, counterweight, driving system. The shaft locking device and counterweight realized tight fixation and torque equilibrium at different angles respectively. Fastening panel matched the general stereotaxic instrument. A stepper motor driver controlled the velocity and acceleration of rotation. Initial experiment verified that the equipment had superiority of easy operation, reliable positioning and accurate control of angle and speed, which indicated that it could meet the demand of the Gekko geckos vestibule research.
Review of Current Available Dental Articular Simulators
Authors: Wang Lin , Alemzadeh Kazem , Hu Hong
Published: November 2013

This paper introduced current typical available dental articular simulators that could simulate border movements of the mandible in harmony with the patients masticatory system. Mechanical and virtual simulators are reviewed, and their abilities to adjust and duplicate the patients specific condylar movements are stated in comparison. This paper provides a fundamental methodology research for developing a new effective biologically inspired simulator which can be accurately represented occlusal relationships in the future.
Experimental and Numerical Study on Aerodynamic Noise Reduction of Cylindrical Rod with Bionic Wavy Surface
Authors: Zhang Cheng Chun , Wang Wen Qiang , Shi Lei , Wang Jing , Ren Lu Quan
Published: November 2013

Inspired by the non-smooth structure of the leading edge of owls wing,a bionic wavy cylindrical surface is proposed in this paper to reduce the aerodynamic noise of a cylindrical rod. The effects of bionic wavy surface on the aerodynamic and aeroacoustic performance of the cylinder are investigated by wind tunnel and numerical simulation. The fluctuating pressure of the smooth cylinder and the bionic wavy surface cylinder are tested by pulsating pressure sensors in FD-09 low speed wind tunnel of China Aerospace Aerodynamics Research Institute. The fluctuating pressure of the bionic wavy surface cylinder is significantly lower than that of the smooth cylinder. We used the software ANSYS FLUENT to research the effect of the bionic wavy surface on the aerodynamic characteristics and aerodynamic noise of a cylinder by the Large Eddy Simulation (LES) and the Ffowcs Williams and Hawkings (FW-H) equation. Compared with the smooth cylinder, the aerodynamic noise of the bionic wavy cylinder is reduced by 6.7dB. A study of the relationship between the fluctuating lift and the aerodynamic noise size is conducted. We found that the sound pressure level of the wavy surface cylinder is significantly lower when the lift fluctuation amplitude decreased. Bionic wavy surface can effectively restrain the separated shear layer transition to turbulence. The frequency of vortex shedding which causes the lift fluctuations is reduced, so the aerodynamic noise of the circular cylinder is reduced. Keywords: bionics, cylindrical rod, wavy surface, aerodynamic noise, flow control
Experimental Study of the Concave Bionic Drag Reduction Needles
Authors: Wang Ji Yue , Cong Qian
Published: November 2013

In this paper, we have started from the point of view of bionics, doing surface bionic non-smooth design at the standard No.16 animal syringe needles. Then treating the concave as the bionic unit, we worked out the concave bionic drag reduction needles by use of the laser material remove processing means. In accordance with the national standard on the injection drag test of disposable needles, we did the puncture drag comparative test of the smooth needles and the bionic needles, getting the correspondence relationship between the drag reduction rate and the bionic unit parameters. We found that the maximum drag reduction rate up to 44.05%, and it appeared when the concave interval was 0.9mm and the concave diameter was 0.09mm. Then through discussing the drag reduction mechanism of the bionic needles, we knew that the bionic units reduced the actual contact area between the needle outer wall and the simulation skin, and it was the main reason of bionic needles puncture drag decreases.
The Effect of Bionic V-Ring Surface on the Aerodynamic Noise of a Circular Cylinder
Authors: Shi Lei , Wang Wen Qiang , Zhang Cheng Chun , Wang Jing , Ren Lu Quan
Published: November 2013

Inspired by stripe shaped structure of owl wing feathers, V-ring surface was proposed in this paper to reduce the aerodynamic noise of a circular cylinder. The effects of V-ring surface on the aerodynamic and aeroacoustic performance of the cylinder were investigated by wind tunnel and numerical simulation. We tested the fluctuating pressure of the smooth cylinder and the V-ring surface cylinder by pulsating pressure sensor in FD-09 wind tunnel of China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics（CAAA）. At a wind speed of 42m/s, the Reynolds number is 1.62×105based on the cylinder diameter D of 58mm. The test results showed that the overall fluctuating pressure on the measurement points of the V-ring surface cylinder was significantly decreased compared with the smooth cylinder. The mechanisms of aerodynamic noise control of circular cylinder by V-ring surface were studied by the Large Eddy Simulation（LES）and the Ffowcs Williams and Hawkings （FW-H） equation. The numerical simulation results showed that the aerodynamic noise of the V-ring surface cylinder was reduced by 4.1dB compared to the smooth cylinder. The sound pressure of V-ring surface cylinder model is reduced when the lift fluctuation becomes lower. The V-ring surface is capable of reducing the frequency of the vortex shedding and controlling the fluctuating lift force induced by unstable vortices acting on the cylinder surface.
Visual Reconstruction and Analysis of the Surface of Earthworm in AVS
Authors: Li Yin Wu , Gao Peng , Tian Li Mei , Gao Jiu Hao
Published: November 2013

This paper describes a method for visual reconstruction and analysis of the surface of earthworm in AVS/Express, Advanced Visual System's new visualization development tool. The digital measurements of surfaces of the earthworm were carried out using a three-dimensional laser scanner. Detailed information on the point clouds, the scanning digital data of the surface of the earthworm were obtained by importing and analyzing those point clouds in AVS/Express. Methods and results presented in this paper proved to be potentially useful for analyzing the feature of biological prototype, optimizing the mathematical model and affording deformable physical model to bionic engineering, this would have significant implications to the research of biological coupling theory and technological creation in bionic engineering.
A Method to Improve the Accuracy of the Ultrasonic Detection for Drainage Pipeline
Authors: Hou Jia Jian , Huang Min , Fu Wen Yue
Published: November 2013

This paper presents a method of how to improve the accuracy of the ultrasonic detecting for drainage pipeline. The method is composed of two parts. One is the hardware, which provides a multiplexer that gradually amplifies the echo signal. The other is the software, decreasing the reference voltage step by step at a fixed value as the microprocessor controls. With the cooperation of the hardware and the software, signal is continuously amplified and reference voltage is ceaselessly reduced till they approach to each other within the given limit. Through this method, accurate measurement is available.
Design of a Bionic Olfactory, Tactile Integrated System and its Application in Chicken Meat Quality Inspection
Authors: Chang Zhi Yong , Chen Dong Hui , Zhang Zhi Hong , Tong Yue Ying , Tong Jin , Dai Lu
Published: November 2013

This study is aiming at the practical problem of meat freshness evaluation. Since meat putrefaction is a complex process that is influenced by many factors, it is necessary to have a comprehensive investigation of the various indicators to determine the freshness of meat. This research integrated information from a multisensory system to reduce uncertainty of evaluation. According to the odor mechanism model of rotten chicken, six types of sensors were chosen, which were combined as array for olfactory experiments. WDW-20 electronic universal testing machine (UTM) was adopted as tactile sensing device. As a bionic tactile test part, the UTM head is to obtain pressure characteristic curves of the meat. According to the odor model and elastic mechanics parameters of the chicken, the mechanical parameters were analyzed under the condition of cold storage, as well as time-varying results of fingerprint odor signal and salt base nitrogen volatile signal. Then, established the meat odor, elastic mechanics and freshness parameters, which were integrated into a fusion system and combined with the data through the experimental test. Eventually, established the mathematical model among meat odor, elastic mechanics parameters and meat freshness. This study provides theory reference for the evaluation of meat freshness, and delivers new thought and method for the design of multiphase bionic intelligent electrical measuring equipment.
Study on Design of Metallic Sandwish Structure and its Mechanical and Thermal Properties
Authors: Qiao Rui , Guo Ce , Zhu Chun Sheng , Dai Zhen Dong , Jiang Xiao Ting
Published: November 2013

Based on the microstructure of the beetles elytras cross-section, a bio-inspired metallic structure was designed. The mechanical property and the thermal property of the structure were analyzed with finite element method, and the compressive force-displacement curve and temperature distribution the structure were obtained, respectively. At the same time, the bio-inspired metallic structure sample was made with the material of the stainless steel sheet, and the quasi-static experiment and the thermal experiment of the structure were carried out. Comparing the experimental results with the FEM analysis, the results proved both the accuracy and reliability of FEM. Key words:beetle elytra;microstructure;bio-inspired structure; finite element analysis
Research on Calculation Method of the Target Parameters of K&C Test-Rig
Authors: Zhang Li Hao , Guo Kong Hui , Zhao Fei Xiang , Chen Shu Qin
Published: November 2013

The suspension kinematics and compliance (hereafter referred to as 'K & C') characteristics as the important system assembly characteristics have a direct effect on the vehicle handling and stability performance and the ride comfort performance. The suspension K&C test rig is an key equipment to obtain the suspension K&C characteristics. Calculation method of the target parameters of K&C test-rig is studied. The movement law of the suspension K & C test rig is analyzed by useing the multi-body dynamics theory. Application Space rotation transformation matrix based on the measurement system structure is applied to solve the coordinates of the wheel center. Using the space vector operations and the definition of the toe angle and the camber angle, the solution method of the camber and toe angle is derived. The parralel wheel travel analysis using the multi-body dynamics model of the K&C test rig is taken. The simulation results when the rebound travel is-100mm is used to calculate the target parameters and verify the accuracy of the calculation method.Keywords-K&C test; calculation method; multi-body dynamics; rotation transformation matrix;