bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Calculation of the deformation of an electromagnetoelastic actuator for composite telescope and astrophysics equipment
Authors: M. Afonin Sergey
Published: May 2022

In this paper we have determined the deformation of an electromagnetoelastic actuator for composite telescope and astrophysics equipment. In the visibility of energy conversion the structural schema of an electromagnetoelastic actuator has a difference from Cady and Mason electrical equivalent circuits of a piezo vibrator. The matrix equation and the matrix transfer function of an electromagnetoelastic actuator are received.
Content and distribution of micronutrients in calendula (Calendula officinalis) grown in Valle del Cauca, Colombia
Authors: Sosa-Rodrigues Breno Augusto , García-Vivas Yuly Samanta , Menjivar-Flores Juan Carlos , Bonilla-Correa Carmen Rosa
Published: May 2022

Calendula productivity depends on the nutritional demands of the crop. Knowledge of the nutritional requirements of calendula at its different phenological stages will allow the producer to improve fertilization programs. The objective of this research was to evaluate the content and distribution of essential micronutrients and beneficial elements in different organs and stages of development of calendula under field conditions. An experiment was set up in the municipality of Yumbo, in the Department of Valle del Cauca in Colombia, using a completely randomized design with five treatments related to the stage of development of the plants (2, 3, 5, 6 and 7 months after transplanting). Each treatment had three replicates. Leaves, stems, flowers and seeds were collected every month after transplanting to analyze the concentrations of Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu, B, and Na. The concentration of nutrients differed significantly between organs and stages of development. Calendula accumulated nutrients in descending order (from highest to lowest) as follows: Na>Fe>Mn>B>Zn>Cu. The highest concentrations of Na, Mn, Zn, B and Cu were found in the leaves and of Fe in the flowers. Among the phenological stages, the highest values of Na were recorded in the second and sixth months, B and Fe in the fifth month, Cu and Zn in the third month, and Mn in the third and fifth months. Thus, the stages and organs on the plant with the greatest nutrient accumulation were identified.
Rhizospheric rhizobia with potential as biofertilizers from Cuban rice cultivars
Authors: Hernández-Forte Ionel , Pérez-Pérez Reneé , Nápoles-García María Caridad , Maqueira-López Lázaro Alberto , Rojan-Herrera Osmany
Published: May 2022

Rice biofertilization with Rhizobium increases the growth and yield of the crop. However, evidence for this has not been observed in Cuban rice cultivars. This research aimed to typify two Rhizobium isolates, considering the use of different carbon sources, their tolerance to stress conditions, and the ability to promote the growth and development of rice. Two Rhizobium sp. isolates (Rpr11 and 5P1) were used and their facility to grow on different carbon sources, pH, and salinity levels was determined. The effect of the inoculation of these bacteria on the growth and yield of rice was evaluated under controlled, greenhouse, and field conditions. Both isolates grew on mannitol, glycerol, maltose, and fructose at the highest concentrations of NaCl (1.0, 1.5 and 2.0%). The isolate 5P1 grew at all evaluated pH levels, especially at pH 5.0 and pH 8.0. The inoculation of both isolates increased the plant biomass and the potassium content. The plants inoculated with 5P1 had the highest contents of nitrogen, total chlorophyll, carbohydrates and proteins, and grain yield. This study is the first in Cuba that shows the beneficial effect of Rhizobium inoculation on the physiology and yield of rice.
Optimization of lactic acid production by Lactobacillus plantarum strain Hui1 in a medium containing sugar cane molasses
Authors: Saavedra Stephy , Alejandro-Paredes Luis , Flores-Santos Juan Carlos , Flores-Fernández Carol Nathali , Arellano-García Harvey , Zavaleta Amparo Iris
Published: May 2022

The aim of this study was to optimize lactic acid production by a native strain (Hui1) of Lactobacillus plantarum isolated from a Peruvian Amazon fruit (Genipa americana) in a medium supplemented with an agroindustrial by-product such as sugar cane molasses. Optimization was performed though one-factor-at-a-time studies followed by the Placket-Burman and central composite designs. The data were analyzed by using the Statistica® 10 software. Several carbon, nitrogen and ion sources were tested, and the optimum concentration of lactic acid achieved was 84.2 g L-1 in a medium containing as follows (in g L-1): meat extract, 18.69; tryptone, 7.88; sugar cane molasses, 140; calcium carbonate, 15; dipotassium phosphate, 1; manganese phosphate, 0.03; sodium acetate, 5, and magnesium sulphate, 0.2. In addition, a high degree of conversion from sugar cane molasses to lactic acid was obtained (Yp/s 0.898 g g-1). These results indicate the potential of Lactobacillus plantarum strain Hui1 to produce lactic acid in a medium supplemented with sugar cane molasses, an underutilized industrial by-product.
Propagation of macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia Maiden & Betche) by cuttings
Authors: Domingos da Silva Vitor Hugo , Nunes Viera de Melo Mariana , Constantino Blain Gabriel , Perdoná Marcos José , Da Rocha Sobierajski Graciela
Published: May 2022

Macadamia trees require a long period for flowering when propagated by seeds. To anticipate the yield, maintain cultivar characteristics, and increase the homogeneity of nut quality, it is essential to establish orchards with grafted trees. Although semi-hardwood cutting propagation tests have been performed in Brazil, no method has been shown to be appropriate at a large scale due to the difficulties in implementation of techniques or the high cost. Establishing an effective and affordable protocol may provide great improvement to this productive chain since it will meet the demand of nurseries and stimulate the expansion of orchards. The aim of this study was to develop a protocol for macadamia semi-hardwood cutting propagation. Six cultivars (HAES 344, HAES 816, HAES 660, IAC 4-12B, IAC 9-20, and IAC 4-20) were evaluated and selected because of their ample cultivation in Brazil. The propagation material was collected for four months (October and November 2018, and February and March 2019). The semi-hardwood cuttings were also soaked in indole butyric acid (IBA) at three different concentrations (0, 5, or 10 g L-1) and in the commercial product Clonex®. The experiment was arranged in a two-way completely randomized design with four replicates and data were analyzed by R software. The cultivar IAC 4-12B showed the highest index for root development (37.0%). The treatments did not show significant differences between IBA doses and Clonex® for root development (IBA 10 g L-1 - 31.5%, Clonex® - 29.4%, and IBA 5 g L-1 - 27.4%). November was the best cutting season for root development of semi-hardwood cuttings (10.0%).
Consumer profile and factors determining the purchase of agroecological products. A case study: UNIMINUTO Agroecological Fair and Minuto de Dios Solidarity Market, Colombia
Authors: Chaparro-Africano Adriana María , Garzón-Méndez Juan Diego
Published: May 2022

This research sought to characterize consumers and consumption in the UNIMINUTO Agroecological Fair and the Minuto de Dios Solidarity Market, which both have a low number of consumers and sales. A survey was designed and implemented through a Google form and in person, between September and October 2019. The total sample was 146 consumers (90% reliability, 5% error). The results were analyzed through descriptive statistics and comparison with other studies. The consumer’s profile is mostly university students of natural sciences, young adults of low and low-middle income strata from small households, and women; the age, gender, and educational level are common features with similar studies. The consumer lacks knowledge about the products, the participatory certification, and pricing, which can be remedied through consumer education. The supply and quality of agroecological products must also be improved.
Extension of umbu (Spondias tuberosa Arruda) postharvest life using a cassava starch-based coating
Authors: Dos Santos Edson Fagne , Duarte Pereira Ednângelo , Souza Mendes Débora , Almeida Paraízo Eliene , Barbosa Duarte Anunciene , Pessoa Herika Paula , Cantuária Figueiredo Josiane
Published: May 2022

The umbu (Spondias tuberosa Arruda) is a fruit tree adapted to the Brazilian semiarid region and constitutes an important source of income for many families in Brazil. Due to this, sustainable methods of fruit postharvest conservation should be studied. The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of cassava starch-based biofilm coatings for the postharvest conservation of umbu. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2x5 factorial arrangement with six replicates. The two treatments, 1% cassava starch coating and no coating, were evaluated during five periods (0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 d of storage). Fresh weight loss (WL), fruit firmness (FIR), pH, total soluble solids (TSS), total titratable acidity (TA), TSS/TA ratio, external color: luminosity (L*), hue angle (H*), and chromaticity (C*) were measured. The coating of fruits with cassava starch-based biofilm improved WL, pH, and TSS. The variables TA, TSS/TA ratio, and L* were not influenced by the use or absence of the cassava starch biofilm coating. The use of 1% cassava starch to coat the fruits ensures better postharvest quality of the umbu and extends its posthavest life.
Interaction of triacontanol with other plant growth regulators on morphology and yield of field pea (Pisum sativum L.)
Authors: Cantaro-Segura Héctor , Huaringa-Joaquín Amelia
Published: May 2022

The effect of a recent plant growth regulator, triacontanol (TRIA), on plant growth and yield of Pisum sativum L. was investigated. The experiment was carried out under field conditions at the Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria (INIA), La Molina, Lima, Peru, using a completely randomized block design with eight treatments and three replicates. Treatments consisted in the foliar application of TRIA alone and in all possible combinations with three plant growth regulators based on auxins (AUX), gibberellins (GA), and cytokinins (CK), on pea plants cv. Rondo. The highest green pod yields were obtained with the application of TRIA+AUX+GA+CK, and TRIA+AUX+CK. The TRIA+AUX increased the values of the yield variables while TRIA+GA increased the values of the morphological variables. TRIA+CK showed a stimulating effect on morphological variables and number of grains per pod, while TRIA+AUX+CK acted synergistically on yield variables since their combined effect overweighed the effect of each growth regulator separately. Treatments with TRIA exceeded the control treatment in yield variables, indicating its great potential to be used in sustainable agriculture to guarantee food security in the future.
Acaricidal activity and repellency of commercial essential oils on Tetranychus urticae in vitro and protected cultivation
Authors: Ataide Julielson Oliveira , Destefani Deolindo Francieli , Garcia Holtz Filipe , Huver Andressa , Bolsoni Zago Hugo , Menini Luciano
Published: May 2022

This study analyzed the toxicity by residual contact and the repellency effect of the essential oils of Rosmarinus officinalis, Mentha piperita, Melaleuca alternifolia, and Commiphora myrrha and their mixtures on adult females of Tetranychus urticae in laboratory and protected cultivation. The essential oil of C. myrrha exhibited a LC50 of 0.55 ml L-1, and the mixtures R. officinalis + M. piperita + M. alternifolia + C. myrrha, C. myrrha + M. piperita, and C. myrrha + M. alternifolia showed 68%, 60%, and 36% mortality, respectively. The essential oils of C. myrrha and M. alternifolia showed 95 and 70% of repellency, respectively. Mixtures of C. myrrha + M. alternifolia, C. myrrha + M. piperita, and C. myrrha + R. officinalis provided repellency of 85, 74 and 73%, respectively. Toxicity by residual contact of the essential oil of C. myrrha in protected cultivation exhibited 93% mortality, while the acaricide fenpyroximate showed 80%. The constituents of essential oils were eucalyptol (49.66%), M. piperita menthol (48.53%), M. alternifolia terpinen-4-ol (48.93%), and C. myrrha benzyl benzoate (97.71%). The essential oil of C. myrrha and the mixtures R. officinalis + M. piperita + M. alternifolia + C. myrrha and C. myrrha + M. piperita showed significant mortality. However, further studies are needed to assess the cost/benefit ratio and the effects on non-target organisms.
Causes of fruit cracking in the era of climate change. A review
Authors: Fischer Gerhard , Balaguera-López Helber Enrique , Álvarez-Herrera Javier
Published: May 2022

The objective of this review was to report on advances in environmental, cultural, and physiological aspects of fleshy fruit cracking to reduce or avoid this disorder, which affects many fruit species. Cracking is a physiological disorder that limits the production and quality of fleshy fruits because it affects the exocarp and mesocarp, especially with climate change and variability. Fruit cracking is generated by external factors (agronomic and environmental) and internal factors, several of which require exhaustive study. The incidence of cracking varies widely according to climatic characteristics during fruit development, different fruit species and varieties, growth sites, and crop management. This physiological disorder is aggravated by increases in rain intensity, especially after a dry season or in areas with increased temperatures. Knowledge on causes of cracking has generated management strategies that involve genetic improvement, ecophysiological conditions, agronomic practices such as pruning, irrigation, and fertilization (mainly with Ca, Mg, B, and K), applications of plant growth regulators, and use of plastic covers, etc. For several fruit trees, these strategies are effective, but in species such as the cape gooseberry, cracking remains without a full explanation or effective management.
Parental selection and descriptor evaluation in the identification of superior cowpea genotypes
Authors: Alencar Francisca Reijane Gadelha de , Pinheiro Charles Lobo , Tomaz Francisco Linco de Souza , Bertini Cândida Hermínia Campos de Magalhães , Silva Ana Kelly Firmino da
Published: May 2022

The objective of this study was to evaluate and quantify the genetic divergence between accessions of cowpea, aiming to identify the characters that most contribute to diversity and select superior parents. Seventy-six cowpea accessions were evaluated using 19 descriptors that were also utilized to estimate genetic diversity using the Shannon-Weaver index. Phenology and production data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and were subjected to Pearson’s correlation test. The descriptors flower color, pod color, and seed brightness showed greater variability in the quantification of genetic diversity. The genotypes Das Almas, Galanjão, selected from CE-13, 7907-Purple Hull and Caupi Branco should be incorporated into cowpea breeding programs as they exhibit desirable agronomic characters. Crossings involving the genotype 7907-Purple Hull with Das Almas and Galanjão are indicated, which could result in obtaining superior genotypes in terms of precocity and grain yield.
Classical or Old Norse myth? German and Danish approaches to the use of myth in the modern literature at the turn of the 19th century
Authors: Králová Magda
Published: May 2022

In the study, I provide a comparative overview of the aesthetical debate that took place at the turn of the 18th and 19th century in Germany and Denmark concerning the use of the Old Norse versus the classical mythology in literature. I discuss Johann Gottfried Herder’s ideas on this topic, expressed in his work Vom neuern Gebrauch der Mythologie (1767) and especially in his dialogue Iduna oder der Apfel der Verjüngung (1796), with focus on the following question: Does the rejuvenating potential of the Norse myth as suggested by Herder in Iduna, allow any room for the classical inspirations in modern literature? Herder’s view will provide a starting point of the comparison for the cultural situation in Denmark where the University of Copenhagen announced in 1800 a prize question on aesthetics “Would it benefit Northern polite literature if ancient Northern mythology were introduced and generally accepted by our poets in place of its Greek counterpart?”. The entries in this contest represented the view of the younger generation, namely Adam Oehlenschläger, Jens Møller and Ludvig Stoud Platou. I summarize their views and examine Herder’s influence on the debate.
Politics and War in Historical and Theoretical Perspective. With EU Case Study
Authors: Delalić Selma , Olovčić Adem
Published: May 2022

The aim of this paper is to shed light on the dominant theoretical paradigms and show their sustainability in the last 150 years, following the historical context of the interrelationship between politics and war. Starting from Clausewitz’s thesis on war as a continuation of politics by other, violent means, the paper thematizes the dominant wars in the twentieth century, World War I and II, their causes and connection with politics, which proves to be an essential element of every war. Namely, war has always been the consequence of political decisions and as such a significant political tool for achieving a certain goal. In this context, the Cold War period unequivocally confirms Clausewitz’s realist thesis, showing that war is not necessarily an armed conflict, but that it is nonetheless a political matter. After the collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War, realism and liberalism regained prominence and emerged as significant theories on war and security. Both theories have their roots in the twentieth century, and therefore their paradigm becomes insufficient to answer the new questions posed by the nature of interdependent world. Nevertheless, these theories, especially liberalism, show their practical application and stand at the core of the ideological basis for the formation of the European Union. In this sense, Europe, after centuries of wars fought on its soil, displays the possibility of successful cooperation. As a result, war appears not only as a continuation of politics by violent means, but as a constituent element of systems and states in the modern world.
El Derecho a la Autodeterminación en serio: el Sahara Occidental, piedra de toque de la Unión Europea como «Comunidad de Derecho» y como Actor Internacional
Authors: Ruiz-Miguel Carlos
Published: May 2022

Desde 1988 a 2013 la UE apoyaba la negociación Marruecos-Frente Polisario (FP) para realizar la autodeterminación política del pueblo saharaui mientras negociaba con Marruecos acuerdos que, sin incluir el Sahara Occidental, se aplicaban a este territorio. El TJUE en varias decisiones (2015-2018) exigió que los acuerdos con Marruecos sólo se aplicaran en Marruecos. En 2019 el Consejo y la Comisión incluyeron explícitamente el Sahara Occidental en los acuerdos con Marruecos ignorando al FP, su representante. Las sentencias del TG de 2021, de confirmarse por el TJ, cerrarían la puerta al doble juego de reconocer al FP como parte en la negociación de la autodeterminación política del pueblo del Sahara Occidental negándole ser parte en su autodeterminación económica.
Time-Dependent Alterations in Liver Oxidative Stress due to Ethanol and Acetaldehyde
Authors: Petagine Lucy , Everitt Hannah , Sherwood Roy , Gyamfi Daniel , Patel Vinood B.
Published: May 2022

Binge drinking is a major public health issue and ethanol-related liver insult may play a major role in the pathology of alcoholic liver disease. However, the degree of oxidative stress, cell death and contribution of acetaldehyde to liver damage over a 24-h period has yet to be determined. Herein, we aimed to investigate the effect of acute alcohol and elevated acetaldehyde levels on hepatic oxidative damage, apoptosis, and antioxidant enzyme activity over a 24-h period. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups and animals were pre-injected (intraperitonially [i.p.]) with either saline (0.15 mol/L) or cyanamide (5-mmol/kg body weight), followed by either saline (0.15 mol/L) or ethanol (75-mmol/kg bodyweight). After 2.5, 6 and 24 h, hepatic cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions were analysed for indices of oxidative stress. At 2.5 h, cytosolic glutathione and malondialdehyde levels were significantly reduced and increased, respectively, with alcohol treatment. Caspase-3 activity and cytochrome c levels were increased with alcohol treatment at 24 h. The combination of cyanamide and alcohol treatment at 24 h led to a significant increase in serum alanine aminotransferase levels, and reduced albumin and total protein levels. Furthermore, glutathione peroxidase activity and glutathione reductase activity were significantly decreased and increased, respectively. Finally, superoxide dismutase activity was decreased in cytosol and increased in the mitochondria after cyanamide and ethanol treatment, respectively. This study indicates a complex differential effect of alcohol and acetaldehyde, whereby alcohol toxicity in the mitochondria takes place throughout the 24-h period, but raised acetaldehyde has a further detrimental effect on liver function.
Analysis of the natural composite material layers influence on the cantilever’s structural performance
Authors: Al wazir Ali hammoudi Abdul-Kareem
Published: May 2022

In this study, with their high strength-to-weight ratio, adaptability, and lack of corrosion, composite materials are widely used in aircraft construction and can be considered an acceptable metal substitute by all parties involved. Static load tests have been performed under identical conditions and stresses, but the layer sequence was changed. The Ansys workbench ACP-pre is utilized to analyze the data. Various deformations were found as a result of this. There are values of 14.265 and 0.1335 for the smallest z-direction deformation and for the overall strain in the composite 3 examples. Boundary conditions have been confirmed with 1,500 N as a resultant force with the static condition. The simulation results have been analyzed as a static condition. Four materials have been employed in different order to be investigated and these materials are Sisal, Pineapple, Jute, and Kenaf. The numerical results have been undertaken using the static structure of Ansys 16.1 Version tool. Geometry has been modeled and meshed using Ansys workbench. The model has been verified using convergence test. As the output, total deformation and von Mises stresses were investigated and explained accordingly. Numerical results stated that the maximum deformation due applied load was at the Z-axis. The maximum total deformation value is 1.254 mm and the minimum is 2.5 mm. Furthermore, von Mises stresses of the entire body have been calculated. The numerical results have shown the maximum result due to 1,500 N is 1.1 mPa. Eventually, the main aim has been achieved by employing total deformation and von Mises stresses accordingly
Increasıng the bıologıcal value of bread through the applıcatıon of pumpkın puree
Authors: Bayramov Eldaniz , Aliyev Shakir , Gasimova Afat , Gurbanova Sevda , Kazimova Ilhama
Published: May 2022

Some vegetables are indispensable for the production of a wide range of bread products, because of their chemical composition. One of the factors hindering their widespread use in the bakery is the insufficient study of their functional properties in the mentioned technological areas. The main goal of the study was a complex analysis of the food value, mineral and vitamin compositions of raw materials and bread with additives, on the example of pumpkin variety «Perekhvatka 69». This is necessary to further substantiate the development of technology for the production of new types of bakery products, expanding the range of products and satisfying various consumer preferences. The nature of changes in nutrients, mineral and vitamin compositions in the technological process has been studied, which makes it possible to determine the proportion of reduction in their content. Based on this, it is possible to adjust the content of nutrients, mineral and vitamin compositions before and after the technological process of processing raw materials and making bread with additives. It has been found that the introduction of pumpkin puree has practically no effect on the amount of washed gluten. However, at a dosage of pumpkin puree from 5 to 25 %, the compression strain of raw gluten increases from 68.5 to 94.7 units instrument. This makes it possible to regulate the desired final properties of bread and the deformation of gluten in the dough
Development of a method to improve the reliability of assessing the condition of the monitoring object in special-purpose information systems
Authors: Sova Oleg , Radzivilov Hryhorii , Shyshatskyi Andrii , Shvets Pavel , Tkachenko Valentyna , Nevhad Serhii , Zhuk Oleksandr , Kravchenko Serhii , Molodetskyi Bohdan , Miahkykh Hennadii
Published: May 2022

The peculiarities of modern military conflicts significantly increase the requirements for the efficiency of object state assessment. Therefore, it is necessary to develop algorithms (methods and techniques) that can assess the state of the monitoring object from different sources of intelligence for a limited time and with a high degree of reliability. Accurate and objective object analysis requires multi-parameter estimation with significant computational costs. That is why the following tasks were solved in the study: the formalization of the assessment of monitoring objects was carried out, a method of increasing the efficiency of assessing the condition of monitoring objects was developed and an efficiency assessment was carried out. The essence of the proposed method is the hierarchical hybridization of binary classifiers and their subsequent training.
The method has the following sequence of actions: determining the degree of uncertainty, constructing a classifier tree, determining belonging to a particular class, determining object parameters, pre-processing data about the object of analysis and hierarchical traversal of the tree.
The novelty of the method lies in taking into account the type of uncertainty and noise of the data and taking into account the available computing resources of the object state analysis system. The novelty of the method also lies in the use of combined training procedures (lazy training and training procedure for evolving neural networks) and selective use of system resources by connecting only the necessary types of detectors.
The method allows you to build a top-level classifier using various low-level schemes for combining them and aggregating compositions. The method increases the efficiency of data processing by 12–20 % using additional advanced procedures
Determining patterns in the generation of magnetic fields when using different arc welding techniques
Authors: Levchenko Oleg , Polukarov Yury , Goncharova Olga , Bezushko Olga , Arlamov Olexandr , Zemlyanska Olena
Published: May 2022

This paper reports a study into the levels of magnetic fields induced by arc welding equipment in various ways in order to assess their impact on the body of welders. It is known that welders are exposed to a magnetic field of high intensity. Depending on the welding technique and the type of welding equipment, it may exceed the maximum permissible levels (MPL). Note that new Ukrainian sanitary standards for magnetic fields have been introduced, which regulate their levels depending on the frequency range. Therefore, it became necessary to carry out their hygienic assessment according to the new standards in order to devise appropriate methods for protecting welders. To this end, it was required to choose a new generation of devices to determine the intensity of magnetic fields induced by welding equipment. Based on the analysis of the constructed oscillograms and spectrograms of magnetic fields, it was found that semi-automatic welding with a metal electrode in carbon dioxide is characterized by an increased level of magnetic field in the frequency range of 50‒1000 Hz. With automatic arc welding under the flux, there are no excess of the maximum permissible levels of individual harmonics of the magnetic field but there is an excess of the total value of all harmonic components of the magnetic field. Manual arc welding with direct current involving a non-melting electrode in argon is characterized by a moderate level of magnetic field in workplace. During manual arc welding with coated electrodes, the exceeded level of the magnetic field is observed only on the electrode cable itself. It is shown that the spectral composition of the magnetic field signal is determined mainly by the welding technique itself, the peculiarities of arc combustion, and the nature of the transfer of electrode metal in the arc gap, as well as the initial parameters of the power supplies of the welding arc
Economic evaluation of digital marketing management at the enterprise
Authors: Tataryntseva Yuliia , Pushkar Oleksandr , Druhova Olena , Osypova Svitlana , Makarenko Anastasiya , Mordovtsev Oleksandr
Published: May 2022

The meaning of the “digital marketing management” concept that takes into account the role of customer impressions and emotional response as prerequisites for activating targeted actions is clarified. It is proved in the paper that one of the most important criteria of digital marketing management effectiveness is the formation of user impressions.
The issues of digital marketing management evaluation are generalized. It was found that modern methods of economic evaluation do not take into account the emotional component of content perception. It is proposed to introduce qualitative evaluation of impressions along with quantitative methods of digital marketing management. Digital marketing formats are systematized according to the ability to track customer feedback after interacting with a particular format. It was found that the most popular formats of digital marketing in 2021 were those that take feedback into account. In particular, companies spend their budgets for SMM – 75 %, banner advertising – 71 %, and for sharing they mostly choose social networks: Facebook – 88 %, Instagram – 78 %, Google – 75 % and YouTube – 71 %.
Methodical recommendations to substantiate the economic evaluation of digital marketing management are proposed. Based on the concept of impression economy, the method of assessing the impressions of users by reviewing their reactions on social networks is analyzed. SWOT analysis of user impressions is made, and it is proposed to choose digital content, which is more emotional.
The proposed methodological recommendations reflect the results of the effectiveness of digital marketing management both in quantitative (assessment of absolute and relative indicators) and qualitative forms (assessment of impressions)
Determination of technological parameters of Zn-Al layered double hydroxides, as a matrix for functional anions intercalation, under different synthesis conditions
Authors: Kovalenko Vadym , Borysenko Anastasiia , Kotok Valerii , Nafeev Rovil , Verbitskiy Volodymyr , Melnyk Olena
Published: May 2022

Layered double hydroxides, especially Zn-Al, are valuable bases for intercalating various functional anions: dyes, drugs, food additives, etc. For purposeful development and optimization of the synthesis technology of functional materials based on Zn-Al layered double hydroxides, the technological parameters of Zn-Al nitrate layered double hydroxide samples (Zn:Al=4:1) synthesized at solution flow rates of 0.8 and 1.6 l/h, pH=7, 8, 9, 10 and t=10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 °C were determined. The yield values of the samples were determined by the gravimetric method. The sedimentation rate was studied by measuring the normalized thickness of the precipitate layer (relative to the initial layer thickness) during 30 minutes of settling. It was found that with an increase in the synthesis pH, the yield increased from 74.68 % to 83.54 %. Increasing the flow rate of the solutions led to a decrease in yield. On the yield-synthesis temperature dependence, two sections of 10–20 °C and 30–60 °C were identified, within which an increase in temperature led to a decrease in yield. It is shown that with increasing synthesis pH, as well as the solution flow rate, the sedimentation rate increased significantly. At pH=10, almost complete sedimentation of the sample occurred within the first 5 minutes. The obtained data indicate that the pH of the zero charges of the Zn-Al-NO3 layered double hydroxide particles was close to 10. It was found that increasing the temperature reduced the sedimentation rate. An abnormally low sedimentation rate at a synthesis temperature of 30 °C and an abnormally high sedimentation rate at 50 °C were detected. The obtained data confirm the previously stated hypothesis regarding the change of the mechanism or kinetics of the formation of layered double hydroxides at temperatures of 30 °C and 50 °C
Investigating the influence of the diameter of a fiberglass pipe on the deformed state of railroad transportation structure "embankment-pipe"
Authors: Kovalchuk Vitalii , Sobolevska Yuliya , Onyshchenko Artur , Bal Olena , Kravets Ivan , Pentsak Andriy , Parneta Bogdan , Kuzyshyn Andriy , Boiarko Vladyslav , Voznyak Oleh
Published: May 2022

This paper has analyzed the use of fiberglass pipes in the body of the railroad embankment by a method of pushing them through the subgrade.
A flat rod model has been improved for assessing the deformed state of the transport structure "embankment-fiberglass pipe" by a method of forces when replacing the cross-section of the pipe with a polygonal one.
The analytical model accounts for the interaction between the pipe and soil of the railroad embankment. To this end, radial and tangential elastic ligaments are introduced into the estimation scheme, which make it possible to simulate elastic soil pressure, as well as friction forces that occur when the soil comes into contact with the pipe.
The deformed state of the transport structure "embankment-fiberglass pipe" was calculated by the method of forces and by a finite-element method under the action of load from the railroad rolling stock, taking into consideration the different cross-sections of the pipe.
It has been established that with an increase in the diameter of the fiberglass pipe, the value of deformations of the subgrade and fiberglass pipe increases. With a pipe diameter of 1.0 m, the deformation value in the vaulted pipe is 2.12 mm, and with a pipe diameter of 3.6 m – 4.16 mm. At the same time, the value of deformations of the subgrade under the sleeper is 5.2 mm and 6.0 mm, respectively.
It was determined that the maximum deformations of the subgrade, which occur above the pipe, with a pipe diameter of 3.6 m, are 4.46 mm. At the same time, the maximum vertical deformations of a fiberglass pipe arise in the pipe vault and, with a pipe diameter of 3.6 m, are 4.16 mm.
It has been established that the maximum horizontal deformations of the subgrade occur at points of horizontal diameter of the fiberglass pipe while the minimal horizontal deformations of the subgrade occur at points lying on the vertical diameter of the pipe
Determining the influence of geometric parameters of the traction-transportation vehicle's frame on its tractive capacity and energy indicators
Authors: Antoshchenkov Roman , Halych Ivan , Nykyforov Аnton , Cherevatenko Halyna , Chyzhykov Ivan , Sushko Serhii , Ponomarenko Nataliia , Diundik Sergey , Tsebriuk Ivan
Published: May 2022

This paper reports results of studying the influence of geometrical parameters of the frame in a traction-transportation vehicle on its traction and energy indicators. A method for estimating the influence of geometrical parameters of the frame in a traction-transportation vehicle on its traction and energy indicators has been substantiated, based on the traction calculation of the tractor and taking into consideration the change in the distance from the hinge of the traction-transportation vehicle to the front and rear drive axles. The method makes it possible to determine the normal reactions, tangent thrust forces, and traction power on the wheels of the machine. The method reported here enables defining the optimal geometric parameters for improving the traction-adhesion and fuel-economic indicators of the traction-transportation vehicle. It was theoretically established that the normal reactions on the front wheels of the studied traction-transportation vehicle are 27,800 N and exceed by 1.95 times the normal reactions on the rear wheels of 14,200 N. This is due to the fact that the distance from the hinge to the corresponding axles of the wheels is 1.89 m and 0.97 m. Increasing the distance from the hinge to the axle of the rear wheels to 1.17 m produces a positive effect on improving the tractive performance of the traction-transportation vehicle. There is an increase in the tractive power on rear wheels to 24.39 kW. The experimental study of the traction-transportation vehicle was performed using an all-wheel-drive machine with a hinge-connected frame as an example. The maximum traction power is 121 kW, which is achieved at a speed of 12 km/h, traction efficiency of 0.68, and a thrust force per hook of 30.2 kN. The difference between the results obtained theoretically and experimentally is 8 %. Applying the method could make it possible to provide designers and manufacturers with recommendations for the construction and improvement of a traction-transportation vehicle, to improve traction and adhesion properties, and reduce the anthropogenic impact on the soil
Improving a tempering machine for confectionery masses
Authors: Zahorulko Andrii , Zagorulko Aleksey , Kasabova Kateryna , Liashenko Bogdan , Postadzhiev Alexander , Sashnova Mariana
Published: May 2022

This paper reports the improved model of a tempering machine for heating the formulation mixture of marshmallow, characterized by heat supply to the working tank through the replacement of a steam jacket with heating by a film resistive electric heater of radiative type (FREhRT). The surface of the heat exchange of the device was increased by heating the stirrer with FREhRT; secondary energy (30....85 °C) was used by converting it by Peltier elements for the autonomous operation of superchargers for cooling the engine compartment. The proposed solution will lead to an increase in the efficiency of the device, which is explained by a decrease in its specific metal consumption through the use of FREhRT.
A reduction in the duration of heating (75 °C) a marshmallow formulation mixture was experimentally established: in the examined model, 530 s, compared with the analog, 645 s. That confirmed the reduction in heating time to the set temperature by 21.7 % compared to the MT-250 basic design. The calculations have established a decrease, by 13 %, in the specific energy consumption for heating the volume of a unit of product when using the improved structure, 205.7 kJ/kg, when using the basic one ‒ 232.1 kJ/kg. The increase in the efficiency of the proposed structure is explained by a decrease in the specific metal consumption of the device from 474 kg/m2 in the base apparatus to 273 kg/m2 in the improved one.
The study results confirm the increase in the resource efficiency of the improved tempering machine, which is achieved by eliminating the steam jacket; increasing the heat exchange surface by heating the stirrer. The heat transfer by FREhRT simplifies the operational performance of the temperature stabilization system in a working tank. The reported results could prove useful when designing thermal devices with electric heat supply under the conditions of using secondary energy, which is relevant for ensuring resource efficiency
Devising a method for segmenting complex structured images acquired from space observation systems based on the particle swarm algorithm
Authors: Khudov Hennadii , Makoveichuk Oleksandr , Khizhnyak Irina , Oleksenko Oleksandr , Khazhanets Yuriy , Solomonenko Yuriy , Yuzova Iryna , Dudar Yevhen , Stetsiv Stanislav , Khudov Vladyslav
Published: May 2022

This paper considers the improved method for segmenting complex structured images acquired from space observation systems based on the particle swarm algorithm. Unlike known ones, the method for segmenting complex structured images based on the particle swarm algorithm involves the following:
– highlighting brightness channels in the Red-Green-Blue color space;
– using a particle swarm method in the image in each channel of brightness of the RGB color space;
– image segmentation is reduced to calculating the objective function, moving speed, and a new location for each swarm particle in the image in each RGB color space brightness channel.
Experimental studies have been conducted on the segmentation of a complex structured image by a method based on the particle swarm algorithm. It was established that the improved segmentation method based on the particle swarm algorithm makes it possible to segment complex structured images acquired from space surveillance systems.
A comparison of the quality of segmenting a complex structured image was carried out. The comparative visual analysis of well-known and improved segmentation methods indicates the following:
– the improved segmentation method based on the particle swarm algorithm highlights more objects of interest (objects of military equipment);
– the well-known k-means method assigns some objects of interest (especially those partially covered with snow) to the snow cover (marked in blue);
– the improved segmentation method also associates some objects of interest that are almost completely covered with snow with the snow cover (marked in blue).
It has been established that the improved segmentation method based on the particle swarm algorithm reduces segmentation errors of the first kind by an average of 12 % and reduces segmentation errors of the second kind by an average of 8 %
Quality forming patterns in the cupcake enriched with pumpkin slices
Authors: Liubych Vitalii , Novikov Volodymyr , Zheliezna Valeriia , Makarchuk Marina , Balabak Oleksandr , Kirian Viktor , Bardakov Volodymyr , Kyrpa Mykola , Moskalets Valentyn , Moskalets Tetiana
Published: May 2022

This paper reports a study into the effect of different quantities and shapes of fresh pumpkin slices on the technological properties of the cupcake. A comparative analysis of the technological properties of the cupcake with the addition of different quantities and shapes of pumpkin slices has been carried out. A change in the technological properties of the cupcake depending on the volume of pumpkin slices has been established. The use of fresh pumpkin slices reliably improves shrinkage during baking, humidity, and acidity of the cupcake. The volume of the cupcake is significantly reduced in this case. Porosity is significantly impaired when adding 30‒50 % of slices. The slice shape does not significantly affect the technological parameters of the cupcake.
Social research was conducted; the main priorities for buyers of flour confectionery products were established. It is proved that the greatest importance when choosing food by consumers is given to the physical appearance of the finished product.
Based on the research, it was found that in the technology of cupcake production, it is optimal to add 5‒25 % of fresh pumpkin slices of different shapes by weight of the dough. Applying this volume of slices makes it possible to bake a cupcake with a porosity of 9 points, a shrinkage at baking of 6.9–8.5 %, humidity of 6.9–12.8 %, a volume of 176–203 cm3, the acidity of 1.5–1.7 degrees. In addition, it is possible to use 30‒35 % of pumpkin slices. The porosity of a cupcake with such a formulation is at the level of 6.5–8.0 points. The cupcake quality meets the requirements set out by DSTU 4505:2005 and ISO 22000:2018. The difference from the conventional technique of utilizing non-traditional raw materials is the use of different quantities and shapes of fresh pumpkin slices. The use of pumpkin slices makes it possible to reduce the volume of dough in the finished product.
The devised recommendations could be used by low-productivity grain processing enterprises when making flour confectionery products
Development of an information system and software for effective building evacuation plan
Authors: Kozbakova Ainur , Amirgaliyev Yedilkhan , Kalizhanova Aliya , Aitkulov Zhalau , Astanayeva Aygerim , Kabidolliyeva Guldana
Published: May 2022

The main goal of the work is to create the optimal emergency evacuation plan in general education institutions according to the schedule at a certain time. The work developed an information model of the evacuation system, taking into account the schedule of classes and classrooms. The methodology of the system approach, which ensures the compatibility of heterogeneous devices to find an operationally optimal evacuation plan in real time, was developed. A conceptual scheme of an evacuation system using heterogeneous sources of receiving and transmitting information about emergencies is proposed. Determined the input and output sources of receiving and transmitting information about the number of people in the building. Developed software for the rapid and most effective evacuation of people from the educational institution and can be used for other types of buildings.
The importance of this work is the creation of an integrated evacuation information system based on mathematical modeling of multi-criteria optimization problem of flow distribution and design, construction technology receiving and transmitting data and information notification systems for the selected type of building. in order to adopt an operational evacuation plan.
The results of this paper allow the systematic organization of evacuation training, preparing resources so that in the event of an emergency it is possible to quickly respond and conduct the evacuation process to avoid major consequences. The use of information technology greatly increases the efficiency of evacuation systems, so the development of new integrated and intelligent info-communication approaches to solve the problem of evacuation is currently very relevant