bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Draft Genome Sequencing of the Highly Halotolerant and Allopolyploid Yeast Zygosaccharomyces rouxii NBRC 1876
Authors: Sato Atsushi , Matsushima Kenichiro , Oshima Kenshiro , Hattori Masahira , Koyama Yasuji
Published: February 2017

The highly halotolerant and allopolyploid yeast
Zygosaccharomyces rouxii
is industrially used for the food production in high concentrations of salt, such as brewing soy sauce and miso paste. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of
Z. rouxii
NBRC 1876 isolated from miso paste.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Donghicola
sp. Strain KarMa, a Model Organism for Monomethylamine-Degrading Nonmethylotrophic Bacteria
Authors: Zecher Karsten , Suleiman Marcel , Wibberg Daniel , Winkler Anika , Philipp Bodo , Kalinowski Jörn
Published: February 2017

The C
1
-compound monomethylamine can serve as a nitrogen, carbon, and energy source for heterotrophic bacteria. The marine alphaproteobacterium
Donghicola
sp. strain KarMa can use monomethylamine as a source only for nitrogen and not for carbon. Its draft genome sequence is presented here and reveals putative gene clusters for the methylamine dehydrogenase and the
N
-methylglutamate pathways for monomethylamine metabolism.
Complete Genome Sequences of Three Multidrug-Resistant Clinical Isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotype 19A with Different Susceptibilities to the Myxobacterial Metabolite Carolacton
Authors: Donner Jannik , Bunk Boyke , Schober Isabel , Spröer Cathrin , Bergmann Simone , Jarek Michael , Overmann Jörg , Wagner-Döbler Irene
Published: February 2017

The full-genome sequences of three drug- and multidrug-resistant
Streptococcus pneumoniae
clinical isolates of serotype 19A were determined by PacBio single-molecule real-time sequencing, in combination with Illumina MiSeq sequencing. A comparison to the genomes of other pneumococci indicates a high nucleotide sequence identity to strains Hungary19A-6 and TCH8431/19A.
Metagenome-Assembled Draft Genome Sequence of a Novel Microbial Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Strain Isolated from
Caenorhabditis
remanei
Tissue
Authors: Fierst Janna L. , Murdock Duncan A. , Thanthiriwatte Chamali , Willis John H. , Phillips Patrick C.
Published: February 2017

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
is a Gram-negative aerobic bacterium and emerging nosocomial pathogen. Here, we present a draft genome sequence for an
S. maltophilia
strain assembled from a metagenomic DNA extract isolated from a laboratory stock of the nematode worm
Caenorhabditis remanei
.
Draft Genome Sequence of a Vibrio harveyi Strain Associated with Vibriosis in Pacific White Shrimp (
Litopenaeus vannamei
)
Authors: Moreno Emille , Parks Marci , Pinnell Lee J. , Tallman James J. , Turner Jeffrey W.
Published: February 2017

Vibrio harveyi
is a Gram-negative bacterium associated with vibriosis in penaeid shrimp. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of a
V. harveyi
strain isolated from Pacific white shrimp (
Litopenaeus vannamei
) during a vibriosis outbreak. The availability of this genome will aid future studies of vibriosis in shrimp aquaculture.
Genome Sequence of Type Strain
Fonsecaea multimorphosa
CBS 980.96
T
, a Causal Agent of Feline Cerebral Phaeohyphomycosis
Authors: Leao Aniele C. Ribas , Weiss Vinicius Almir , Vicente Vania Aparecida , Costa Flavia , Bombassaro Amanda , Raittz Roberto Tadeu , Steffens Maria Berenice R. , Pedrosa Fabio Oliveira , Gomes Renata R. , Baura Valter , Faoro Helisson , Sfeir Michelle Zibetti Tadra , Balsanelli Eduardo , Moreno Leandro F. , Najafzadeh M. Javad , de Hoog Sybren , Souza Emanuel Maltempi
Published: February 2017

A draft genome sequence of type strain
Fonsecaea multimorphosa
CBS 980.96
T
was obtained. This species was first isolated from a cat with cerebral phaeohyphomycosis in Queensland, Australia.
Do failures in non-technical skills contribute to fatal medical accidents in Japan? A review of the 2010–2013 national accident reports
Authors: Uramatsu Masashi , Fujisawa Yoshikazu , Mizuno Shinya , Souma Takahiro , Komatsubara Akinori , Miki Tamotsu
Published: February 2017

Objectives

We sought to clarify how large a proportion of fatal medical accidents can be considered to be caused by poor non-technical skills, and to support development of a policy to reduce number of such accidents by making recommendations about possible training requirements.

Design

Summaries of reports of fatal medical accidents, published by the Japan Medical Safety Research Organization, were reviewed individually. Three experienced clinicians and one patient safety expert conducted the reviews to determine the cause of death. Views of the patient safety expert were given additional weight in the overall determination.

Setting

A total of 73 summary reports of fatal medical accidents were reviewed. These reports had been submitted by healthcare organisations across Japan to the Japan Medical Safety Research Organization between April 2010 and March 2013.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

The cause of death in fatal medical accidents, categorised into technical skills, non-technical skills and inevitable progress of disease were evaluated. Non-technical skills were further subdivided into situation awareness, decision making, communication, team working, leadership, managing stress and coping with fatigue.

Results

Overall, the cause of death was identified as non-technical skills in 34 cases (46.6%), disease progression in 33 cases (45.2%) and technical skills in two cases (5.5%). In two cases, no consensual determination could be achieved. Further categorisation of cases of non-technical skills were identified as 14 cases (41.2%) of problems with situation awareness, eight (23.5%) with team working and three (8.8%) with decision making. These three subcategories, or combinations of them, were identified as the cause of death in 33 cases (97.1%).

Conclusions

Poor non-technical skills were considered to be a significant cause of adverse events in nearly half of the fatal medical accidents examined. Improving non-technical skills may be effective for reducing accidents, and training in particular subcategories of non-technical skills may be especially relevant.
From herpetology to virology: how did that happen?
Authors: Benfield Camilla
Published: February 2017

Camilla Benfield is a lecturer in virology at the Royal Veterinary College. Here, she describes her career path so far
Quantum isometry groups of dual of finitely generated discrete groups and quantum groups
Authors: Goswami Debashish , Mandal Arnab
Published: February 2017

We study quantum isometry groups, denoted by [Formula: see text], of spectral triples on [Formula: see text] for a finitely generated discrete group [Formula: see text] coming from the word-length metric with respect to a symmetric generating set [Formula: see text]. We first prove a few general results about [Formula: see text] including:

• For a group [Formula: see text] with polynomial growth property, the dual of [Formula: see text] has polynomial growth property provided the action of [Formula: see text] on [Formula: see text] has full spectrum.

•[Formula: see text] for any discrete abelian group [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is a suitable metric on the dual compact abelian group [Formula: see text].

We then carry out explicit computations of [Formula: see text] for several classes of examples including free and direct product of cyclic groups, Baumslag–Solitar group, Coxeter groups etc. In particular, we have computed quantum isometry groups of all finitely generated abelian groups which do not have factors of the form [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text] for some [Formula: see text] in the direct product decomposition into cyclic subgroups.
Algebra of Kodaira–Spencer gravity and deformation of Calabi–Yau manifold
Authors: Mohri Kenji
Published: February 2017

We study the algebraic structure of the configuration space of the Kodaira–Spencer gravity theory on a Calabi–Yau threefold. We then investigate the deformation problem of the Kodaira–Spencer gravity at the classical level using the algebraic tools obtained here.
Dynamic Conductivity and Two-Dimensional Plasmons in Lateral CNT Networks
Authors: Ryzhii Maxim , Otsuji Taiichi , Ryzhii Victor , Mitin Vladimir , Shur Michael S. , Fedorov Georgy , Leiman Vladimir
Published: February 2017

We study theoretically the carrier transport and the plasmonic phenomena in the gated structures with dense lateral carbon nanotube (CNT) networks (CNT “felt”) placed between the highly-conducting slot line electrodes. The CNT networks under consideration consist of a mixture of semiconducting and metallic CNTs. We find the dispersion relations for the two-dimensional plasmons, associated with the collective self-consisted motion of electrons in the individual CNTs, propagating along the electrodes as functions of the net electron density (gate voltage), relative fraction of the semiconducting and metallic CNTs, and the spacing between the electrodes. In a wide range of parameters, the characteristic plasmonic frequencies can fall in the terahertz (THz) range. The structures with lateral CNT networks can used in different THz devices.
A boundary divisor in the moduli spaces of stable quintic surfaces
Authors: Rana Julie
Published: February 2017

We give a bound on which singularities may appear on Kollár–Shepherd-Barron–Alexeev stable surfaces for a wide range of topological invariants and use this result to describe all stable numerical quintic surfaces (KSBA-stable surfaces with [Formula: see text]) whose unique non-Du Val singularity is a Wahl singularity. We then extend the deformation theory of Horikawa to the log setting in order to describe the boundary divisor of the moduli space [Formula: see text] corresponding to these surfaces. Quintic surfaces are the simplest examples of surfaces of general type and the question of describing their moduli is a long-standing question in algebraic geometry.
Local Smoothness Constrained Nonnegative Matrix Factorization with Nonlinear Convergence Rate for Spectral Decomposition
Authors: Xie Kan , Lai Yue , Huang Sihui , Xu Jie
Published: February 2017

With the development of the detection technology using multispectra sensors, spectral decomposition (SD) attracts more and more attention in the biomedical signal processing and image processing. In this paper, a local smoothness constrained nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) with nonlinear convergence rate (NMF-NCR) is proposed to solve SD problem and our contributions are as follows. First, it proves that the gradients of the cost function with respect to each variable matrix are Lipschitz continuous. Then, a proximal function is constructed for optimizing the cost function. As a result, our method can achieve an NCR much faster than the traditional methods. Simulations show the advantage in solving SD of our algorithm over the compared methods.
Research on the Algorithm of Measurement Path Planning for Inner Wall of Air-Intake Pipe Based on Spraying Robot System
Authors: Chao Zhiqiang , Wang Fei , Zhang Chuanqing , Li Huaying , Wang Feng
Published: February 2017

To solve the problems with spraying over the inner wall of air-intake pipe, this paper introduces an algorithm of measurement path planning based on the spraying robot system and the laser displacement sensor technology. Scanning measurement path planning is the premise and basis of model construction and spray. Traditional methods, such as arc length extrapolation and polynomial are applicable only for the measurement of a plane curve with finite maximum curvature. Drawing references from existing method, this paper focuses on the pre-scanning measurement method for different types of cross-section curves. Algorithm simulation and model reconstruction show that this study solves the problem of collision avoidance for scanning measurement of the inner wall of air-intake pipe.
Improving the Resiliency of Software Against Soft-Errors Without External Redundancy and Performance Overhead
Authors: Arasteh Bahman
Published: February 2017

One of the interesting features of software systems is that a large number of soft-errors are inherently derated (masked) at the software level. The rate of error-deration may depend on the inherent features of design and programming structures used in the software. This paper investigates the inherent effects of different programming structures on the program resiliency; to this end, six different benchmark programs were implemented by four different programming methods and structures. Profiling experiments were performed on the benchmarks to identify those features of the programming structures that affect the rate of error-deration; then, in order to quantify and examine the inherent resiliency of the programming structures, about 6,720,000 faults were injected into the benchmark programs. The results reveal that about 42.67% of faults in the programs implemented based on while loop-structure are derated; this figure for the programs implemented based on do-while, for and recursive structures are respectively 42.18%, 40.22% and 31.66%. The programs based on the while loop-structure have about 11.01% higher resiliency than the recursive programs. These results can enable software designers to select the most resilient loop-structures for developing inherently resilient programs.
Hardware Implementation of AES Algorithm with Logic S-box
Authors: Oukili Soufiane , Bri Seddik
Published: February 2017

Cryptography has an important role in data security against known attacks and decreases or limits the risks of hacking information, especially with rapid growth in communication techniques. In the recent years, we have noticed an increasing requirement to implement cryptographic algorithms in fast rising high-speed network applications. In this paper, we present high throughput efficient hardware implementations of Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) cryptographic algorithm. We have adopted pipeline technique in order to increase the speed and the maximum operating frequency. Therefore, registers are inserted in optimal placements. Furthermore, we have proposed 5-stage pipeline S-box design using combinational logic to reach further speed. In addition, efficient key expansion architecture suitable for our proposed design is also presented. In order to secure the hardware implementation against side-channel attacks, masked S-box is introduced. The implementations had been successfully done by virtex-6 (xc6vlx240t) Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) device using Xilinx ISE 14.7. Our proposed unmasked and masked architectures are very fast, they achieve a throughput of 93.73 Gbps and 58.57 Gbps, respectively. The obtained results are competitive in comparison with the implementations reported in the literature.
The skein polynomial for links
Authors: Jiang Boju , Wang Jiajun , Zheng Hao
Published: February 2017

We give characterizations of the skein polynomial for links (as well as Jones and Alexander–Conway polynomials derivable from it), avoiding the usual “smoothing of a crossing” move. As by-products, we have characterizations of these polynomials for knots and for links with any given number of components.
Regional knot invariants
Authors: Yang Zhiqing
Published: February 2017

In this paper, a regional knot invariant is constructed. Like the Wirtinger presentation of a knot group, each planar region contributes a generator, and each crossing contributes a relation. The invariant is called a tridle of the link. As in the quandle theory, one can define Alexander quandle and get Alexander polynomial from it. For link diagram, one can also define a linear tridle and its presentation matrix. A polynomial invariant can be derived from the matrix just like the Alexander polynomial case.
Cn-moves and the difference of Jones polynomials for links
Authors: Nikkuni Ryo
Published: February 2017

The Jones polynomial [Formula: see text] for an oriented link [Formula: see text] is a one-variable Laurent polynomial link invariant discovered by Jones. For any integer [Formula: see text], we show that: (1) the difference of Jones polynomials for two oriented links which are [Formula: see text]-equivalent is divisible by [Formula: see text], and (2) there exists a pair of two oriented knots which are [Formula: see text]-equivalent such that the difference of the Jones polynomials for them equals [Formula: see text].
The quotient of a Kauffman bracket skein algebra by the square of an augmentation ideal
Authors: Tsuji Shunsuke
Published: February 2017

We give an explicit basis [Formula: see text] of the quotient of the Kauffman bracket skein algebra [Formula: see text] on a surface [Formula: see text] by the square of an augmentation ideal. Moreover, we construct an embedding of the mapping class group of a compact connected oriented surface of genus [Formula: see text] into the Kauffman bracket skein algebra on the surface completed with respect to a filtration coming from the augmentation ideal.
THE LASER-ASSISTED FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTOR GAS SENSOR BASED ON MORPHOLOGICAL ZINC-EXCITED TIN-DOPED In2O3 NANOWIRES
Authors: SHARIATI MOHSEN , KHOSRAVINEJAD FARIBA
Published: February 2017

The gas nanosensor of indium oxide nanowires in laser assisted approach, doped with tin and zinc for gas sensing and 1D growth purposes respectively, was reported. The nanowires were very sensitive to H2S gas in low concentration of 20[Formula: see text]ppb gas at room temperature. The fast dynamic intensive and sensitive response to gas was in a few seconds with an on/off sensitivity ratio of around 10. The square cross-section indium oxide nanowires were fabricated through physical vapor deposition (PVD) mechanism and annealing approach. The field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) observations indicated that the annealing temperature was vital in nanostructures’ morphology. The fabricated nanowires for the optimized annealing temperature in applied growth technique were around 60[Formula: see text]nm in diameter.
Control of fusion by Abelian subgroups of the hyperfocal subgroup
Authors: Henke Ellen , Liao Jun
Published: February 2017

We prove that an isomorphism between saturated fusion systems over the same finite [Formula: see text]-group is detected on the elementary abelian subgroups of the hyperfocal subgroup if [Formula: see text] is odd, and on the abelian subgroups of the hyperfocal subgroup of exponent at most [Formula: see text] if [Formula: see text]. For odd [Formula: see text], this has implications for mod [Formula: see text] group cohomology.
Some finite p-groups with central automorphism group of non-minimal order
Authors: Sharma Mahak , Kalra Hemant , Gumber Deepak
Published: February 2017

We characterize finite [Formula: see text]-groups of order up to [Formula: see text] whose central automorphisms fixing the center element-wise are all inner.
Some sequences of optimal constant weight codes
Authors: Sun Hsin-Min
Published: February 2017

We introduce some sequences of binary constant weight codes which are constructed from the affine constructions of balanced incomplete block designs. They give the values for the function [Formula: see text] of constant weight codes, and they are optimal since those values reach the Johnson Bound. We focus on the values obtained by this method.
On context-equivalence of algebras
Authors: Smirnov Oleg
Published: February 2017

The notion of context-equivalent algebras introduced by Müller generalizes Morita-equivalence. It is a coarser equivalence in the class of algebras but it still preserves many ring-theoretic properties. It also gives a new equivalence in the class of commutative algebras. We present a version of this equivalence which includes nonunital algebras. In particular, it allows one to relate properties of an algebra and its ideals. We give a criterion for context-equivalent algebras in terms of finite-rank and adjointable operators. Further, we find a better criterion for equivalence for commutative algebras in terms of ideals.
A new definition of conjugacy for semigroups
Authors: Konieczny Janusz
Published: February 2017

The conjugacy relation plays an important role in group theory. If [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are elements of a group [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] is conjugate to [Formula: see text] if [Formula: see text] for some [Formula: see text]. The group conjugacy extends to inverse semigroups in a natural way: for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] in an inverse semigroup [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] is conjugate to [Formula: see text] if [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] for some [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we define a conjugacy for an arbitrary semigroup [Formula: see text] that reduces to the inverse semigroup conjugacy if [Formula: see text] is an inverse semigroup. (None of the existing notions of conjugacy for semigroups has this property.) We compare our new notion of conjugacy with existing definitions, characterize the conjugacy in basic transformation semigroups and their ideals using the representation of transformations as directed graphs, and determine the number of conjugacy classes in these semigroups.
Highly arc-transitive digraphs with non-isomorphic local actions
Authors: Wu Cixuan
Published: February 2017

This paper shows that, for any positive integer [Formula: see text], there exist [Formula: see text]-arc-transitive digraphs which have non-isomorphic in-local action and out-local action.
Description of costandard modules for Schur superalgebra S(2|2) in positive characteristic
Authors: Grishkov A. N. , Marko F.
Published: February 2017

In this paper, we shall describe costandard modules [Formula: see text] of restricted highest weight [Formula: see text] for Schur superalgebra [Formula: see text] over an algebraically closed field [Formula: see text] of positive characteristic [Formula: see text]. Additionally, for a restricted highest weight [Formula: see text], we determine all composition factors of the costandard module [Formula: see text]; in particular we compute the decomposition numbers in the process of the modular reduction of a simple module with a restricted highest weight.
W-algebras and Duflo isomorphism
Authors: Batakidis P. , Papalexiou N.
Published: February 2017

We prove that when Kontsevich’s deformation quantization is applied on weight homogeneous Poisson structures, the operators in the ∗-product formula are weight homogeneous. In the linear Poisson case for a semisimple Lie algebra [Formula: see text] the Poisson manifold [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text]. As an application we provide an isomorphism between the Cattaneo–Felder–Torossian reduction algebra [Formula: see text] and the [Formula: see text]-algebra [Formula: see text]. We also show that in the [Formula: see text]-algebra setting, [Formula: see text] is polynomial. Finally, we compute generators of [Formula: see text] as a deformation of [Formula: see text].
Rings in which elements are sums of tripotents and nilpotents
Authors: Abdolyousefi Marjan Sheibani , Chen Huanyin
Published: February 2017

A ring [Formula: see text] is strongly 2-nil-clean if every element in [Formula: see text] is the sum of a tripotent and a nilpotent that commute. We prove that a ring [Formula: see text] is strongly 2-nil-clean if and only if [Formula: see text] is a strongly feebly clean 2-UU ring if and only if [Formula: see text] is an exchange 2-UU ring. Furthermore, we characterize strongly 2-nil-clean ring via involutions. We show that a ring [Formula: see text] is strongly 2-nil-clean if and only if every element in [Formula: see text] is the sum of an idempotent, an involution and a nilpotent that commute.
Is Server Virtualization Implementation in Business and Public Organizations a Worthwhile Investment?
Authors: Ogunyemi Abiodun , Johnston Kevin
Published: February 2017

Globalization is responsible for rapid development and release of information technologies. Globalization drives the competitiveness of people and organizations. Competitiveness makes organizations in particular to seek for solutions to enhance their competitive edge. Recent survey results on server virtualization suggest that the need to enhance competitiveness by reducing costs and improving business productivity is a major reason for the adoption of server virtualization in organizations. Thus, in taking adoption decisions on emerging technologies such as server virtualization, the provocative question we ask is: Is server virtualization implementation in business and public organizations a worthwhile investment? The outcomes of this study clearly show the answer is YES. However, the pitfalls associated with the implementation of these technologies are capable of making future adopters skeptical. This study examined the benefits and drawbacks of server virtualization implementation in 83 South African organizations. Server virtualization implementation has couple of drawbacks, which should be looked into.
Self-friction power series and their use for evaluation of atomic nuclear attraction integrals with noninteger indices of Slater orbitals and Coulomb–Yukawa-like potentials
Authors: Guseinov Israfil I. , Demirdak Gurkan
Published: February 2017

Using complete orthogonal [Formula: see text]-Self-Friction Polynomials ([Formula: see text]-SFPs) introduced by one of the authors, the analytical and power series formulas for SF atomic nuclear attraction integrals over [Formula: see text]-noninteger Slater type orbitals ([Formula: see text]-NISTOs) and [Formula: see text]-noninteger Coulomb–Yukawa-like potentials ([Formula: see text]-NICYPs) are presented, where [Formula: see text] are the integer ([Formula: see text] or noninteger ([Formula: see text] SF quantum numbers and [Formula: see text]. As an application, the computer calculations for dependence of the atomic nuclear attraction integrals over [Formula: see text]-NISTOs and [Formula: see text]-NICYPs functions are presented.
Effects of low dose ionizing radiation on DNA damage-caused pathways by reverse-phase protein array and Bayesian networks
Authors: Kim Dong-Chul , Kang Mingon , Biswas Ashis , Yang Chin-Rang , Wang Xiaoyu , Gao Jean X.
Published: February 2017

Ionizing radiation (IR) causing damages to Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) constitutes a broad range of base damage and double strand break, and thereby, it induces the operation of relevant signaling pathways such as DNA repair, cell cycle control, and cell apoptosis. The goal of this paper is to study how the exposure to low dose radiation affects the human body by observing the signaling pathway associated with Ataxia Telangiectasia mutated (ATM) using Reverse-Phase Protein Array (RPPA) and isogenic human Ataxia Telangiectasia (A-T) cells under different amounts and durations of IR exposure. In order to verify which proteins could be involved in a DNA damage-caused pathway, only proteins that highly interact with each other under IR are selected by using correlation coefficient. The pathway inference is derived from learning Bayesian networks in combination with prior knowledge such as Protein–Protein Interactions (PPIs) and signaling pathways from well-known databases. Learning Bayesian networks is based on a score and search scheme that provides the highest scored network structure given a score function, and the prior knowledge is included in the score function as a prior probability by using Dempster–Shafer theory (DST). In this way, the inferred network can be more likely to be similar to already discovered pathways and consistent with confirmed PPIs for more reliable inference. The experimental results show which proteins are involved in signaling pathways under IR, how the inferred pathways are different under low and high doses of IR, and how the selected proteins regulate each other in the inferred pathways. As our main contribution, overall results confirm that low dose IR could cause DNA damage and thereby induce and affect related signaling pathways such as apoptosis, cell cycle, and DNA repair.
Mechanical Parameters of Standing Body and Applications in Human–Structure Interaction
Authors: Han Huixuan , Zhou Ding , Ji Tianjian
Published: February 2017

In this paper, the dynamic interaction of human body and structure is studied The shaking table experiment with a person standing on a rigid table supported by springs is firstly carried out to determine the dynamic characteristics of the coupled system. It is shown that the body mainly contributes only one degree of freedom to the human-structure coupled system. Then, the two-degree-of-freedom (TDOF) coupled model of the human-structure system is developed through the energy variation by considering the standing human body as an elastic bar of two segments with distributed mass, stiffness and damping. Based on the experiment data, the dynamic parameters of the TDOF coupled system are determined by using the least square method (LSM). The mechanical parameters such as the damping ratio and the distributions of mass and stiffness of the human body model of two segments are identified by adopting the inversing technique Finally, the determined body model is applied to analyze the free vibration of beams and plates occupied by standing persons. The governing differential equations of the human-beam system and the human-plate system are, respectively, derived out. The dynamic characteristics of the human-structure interaction are obtained by the use of the complex mode theory. The results are compared with the experimental ones and those from the finite element simulations. Good agreement is observed for all cases.
Interpolating Smoothed Particle Method for Elastic Axisymmetrical Problem
Authors: Qin Yi Xiao , Li Qi Yu , Du Hong Xiu
Published: February 2017

The interpolating reproducing kernel particle method is a meshless method with discrete points interpolation character. Coupling this method with the minimum potential energy principle of space axisymmetrical problems of elastic mechanics, the interpolating smoothed particle method (ISPM) is formed. The ISPM, which is a meshless method with discrete points interpolation character, can refrain from quadric error of fitting calculation in stress post-processing by obtaining global domain continuous stress fields directly. This method not only has the advantage in directly exerting boundary conditions just like the finite element method, but is also a new numerical method which has greater computational efficiency and precision than it in solving space axisymmetrical problems of elastic mechanics. Numerical examples are given to show the validity of the new meshless method in the paper.
The founding of INHIGEO: documents and letters, with comments
Authors: Malakhova Irena
Published: February 2017

Some aspects of the early history of the International Commission on the History of Geological Sciences have been traced through original documents and the correspondence of its first President, Vladimir V. Tikhomirov (1915–94).
The Histone Methyltransferase DOT1L Promotes Neuroblastoma by Regulating Gene Transcription
Authors: Wong Matthew , Tee Andrew E.L. , Milazzo Giorgio , Bell Jessica L. , Poulos Rebecca C. , Atmadibrata Bernard , Sun Yuting , Jing Duohui , Ho Nicholas , Ling Dora , Liu Pei Yan , Zhang Xu Dong , Hüttelmaier Stefan , Wong Jason W.H. , Wang Jenny , Polly Patsie , Perini Giovanni , Scarlett Christopher J. , Liu Tao
Published: February 2017

Myc oncoproteins exert tumorigenic effects by regulating expression of target oncogenes. Histone H3 lysine 79 (H3K79) methylation at Myc-responsive elements of target gene promoters is a strict prerequisite for Myc-induced transcriptional activation, and DOT1L is the only known histone methyltransferase that catalyzes H3K79 methylation. Here, we show that N-Myc upregulates DOT1L mRNA and protein expression by binding to the DOT1L gene promoter. shRNA-mediated depletion of DOT1L reduced mRNA and protein expression of N-Myc target genes ODC1 and E2F2. DOT1L bound to the Myc Box II domain of N-Myc protein, and knockdown of DOT1L reduced histone H3K79 methylation and N-Myc protein binding at the ODC1 and E2F2 gene promoters and reduced neuroblastoma cell proliferation. Treatment with the small-molecule DOT1L inhibitor SGC0946 reduced H3K79 methylation and proliferation of MYCN gene–amplified neuroblastoma cells. In mice xenografts of neuroblastoma cells stably expressing doxycycline-inducible DOT1L shRNA, ablating DOT1L expression with doxycycline significantly reduced ODC1 and E2F2 expression, reduced tumor progression, and improved overall survival. In addition, high levels of DOT1L gene expression in human neuroblastoma tissues correlated with high levels of MYCN, ODC1, and E2F2 gene expression and independently correlated with poor patient survival. Taken together, our results identify DOT1L as a novel cofactor in N-Myc–mediated transcriptional activation of target genes and neuroblastoma oncogenesis. Furthermore, they characterize DOT1L inhibitors as novel anticancer agents against MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma. Cancer Res; 77(9); 2522–33. ©2017 AACR.
Loss of NDRG2 Expression Confers Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Enhanced Metastatic Potential
Authors: Tamura Tomohiro , Ichikawa Tomonaga , Nakahata Shingo , Kondo Yudai , Tagawa Yuri , Yamamoto Koji , Nagai Kentaro , Baba Takashi , Yamaguchi Ryoji , Futakuchi Mitsuru , Yamashita Yoshihiro , Morishita Kazuhiro
Published: February 2017

Loss of the tumor suppressor NDRG2 has been implicated in the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), acting by modulating PI3K/AKT-mediated dephosphorylation of PTEN at S380/S382/T383 (STT). Here, we show that the majority of OSCC tumors with lymph node metastasis, a major prognostic factor, exhibit high levels of phosphorylated AKT-S473 and PTEN-STT and low levels of NDRG2 expression. In Ndrg2-deficient mice, which develop a wide range of tumors, we developed a model of OSCC by treatment with the tobacco surrogate 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4-NQO). In this model, both the number and size of OSCC tumors were increased significantly by Ndrg2 deficiency, which also increased invasion of cervical lymph nodes. 4-NQO treatment of human OSCC cell lines exhibiting low NDRG2 expression induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition via activation of NF-κB signaling. Conversely, ectopic expression of NDRG2 reversed the EMT phenotype and inhibited NF-κB signaling via suppression of PTEN-STT and AKT-S473 phosphorylation. Our results show how NDRG2 expression serves as a critical determinant of the invasive and metastatic capacity of OSCC. Cancer Res; 77(9); 2363–74. ©2017 AACR.
OCTN1 Is a High-Affinity Carrier of Nucleoside Analogues
Authors: Drenberg Christina D. , Gibson Alice A. , Pounds Stanley B. , Shi Lei , Rhinehart Dena P. , Li Lie , Hu Shuiying , Du Guoqing , Nies Anne T. , Schwab Matthias , Pabla Navjotsingh , Blum William , Gruber Tanja A. , Baker Sharyn D. , Sparreboom Alex
Published: February 2017

Resistance to xenobiotic nucleosides used to treat acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and other cancers remains a major obstacle to clinical management. One process suggested to participate in resistance is reduced uptake into tumor cells via nucleoside transporters, although precise mechanisms are not understood. Through transcriptomic profiling, we determined that low expression of the ergothioneine transporter OCTN1 (SLC22A4; ETT) strongly predicts poor event-free survival and overall survival in multiple cohorts of AML patients receiving treatment with the cytidine nucleoside analogue cytarabine. Cell biological studies confirmed OCTN1-mediated transport of cytarabine and various structurally related cytidine analogues, such as 2′deoxycytidine and gemcitabine, occurs through a saturable process that is highly sensitive to inhibition by the classic nucleoside transporter inhibitors dipyridamole and nitrobenzylmercaptopurine ribonucleoside. Our findings have immediate clinical implications given the potential of the identified transport system to help refine strategies that could improve patient survival across multiple cancer types where nucleoside analogues are used in cancer treatment. Cancer Res; 77(8); 2102–11. ©2017 AACR.
Targeted Degradation of BET Proteins in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Bai Longchuan , Zhou Bing , Yang Chao-Yie , Ji Jiao , McEachern Donna , Przybranowski Sally , Jiang Hui , Hu Jiantao , Xu Fuming , Zhao Yujun , Liu Liu , Fernandez-Salas Ester , Xu Jing , Dou Yali , Wen Bo , Sun Duxin , Meagher Jennifer , Stuckey Jeanne , Hayes Daniel F. , Li Shunqiang , Ellis Matthew J. , Wang Shaomeng
Published: February 2017

Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) remain clinically challenging with a lack of options for targeted therapy. In this study, we report the development of a second-generation BET protein degrader, BETd-246, which exhibits superior selectivity, potency, and antitumor activity. In human TNBC cells, BETd-246 induced degradation of BET proteins at low nanomolar concentrations within 1 hour of exposure, resulting in robust growth inhibition and apoptosis. BETd-246 was more potent and effective in TNBC cells than its parental BET inhibitor compound BETi-211. RNA-seq analysis revealed predominant downregulation of a large number of genes involved in proliferation and apoptosis in cells treated with BETd-246, as compared with BETi-211 treatment that upregulated and downregulated a similar number of genes. Functional investigations identified the MCL1 gene as a critical downstream effector for BET degraders, which synergized with small-molecule inhibitors of BCL-xL in triggering apoptosis. In multiple murine xenograft models of human breast cancer, BETd-246 and a further optimized analogue BETd-260 effectively depleted BET proteins in tumors and exhibited strong antitumor activities at well-tolerated dosing schedules. Overall, our findings show that targeting BET proteins for degradation represents an effective therapeutic strategy for TNBC treatment. Cancer Res; 77(9); 2476–87. ©2017 AACR.
CDK4/6 Therapeutic Intervention and Viable Alternative to Taxanes in CRPC
Authors: Stice James P. , Wardell Suzanne E. , Norris John D. , Yllanes Alexander P. , Alley Holly M. , Haney Victoria O. , White Hannah S. , Safi Rachid , Winter Peter S. , Cocce Kimberly J. , Kishton Rigel J. , Lawrence Scott A. , Strum Jay C. , McDonnell Donald P.
Published: February 2017

Resistance to second-generation androgen receptor (AR) antagonists and CYP17 inhibitors in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) develops rapidly through reactivation of the androgen signaling axis and has been attributed to AR overexpression, production of constitutively active AR splice variants, or the selection for AR mutants with altered ligand-binding specificity. It has been established that androgens induce cell-cycle progression, in part, through upregulation of cyclin D1 (CCND1) expression and subsequent activation of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6). Thus, the efficacy of the newly described CDK4/6 inhibitors (G1T28 and G1T38), docetaxel and enzalutamide, was evaluated as single agents in clinically relevant in vitro and in vivo models of hormone-sensitive and treatment-resistant prostate cancer. CDK4/6 inhibition (CDK4/6i) was as effective as docetaxel in animal models of treatment-resistant CRPC but exhibited significantly less toxicity. The in vivo effects were durable and importantly were observed in prostate cancer cells expressing wild-type AR, AR mutants, and those that have lost AR expression. CDK4/6i was also effective in prostate tumor models expressing the AR-V7 variant or the AR F876L mutation, both of which are associated with treatment resistance. Furthermore, CDK4/6i was effective in prostate cancer models where AR expression was lost. It is concluded that CDK4/6 inhibitors are a viable alternative to taxanes as therapeutic interventions in endocrine therapy–refractory CRPC.

Implications: The preclinical efficacy of CDK4/6 monotherapy observed here suggests the need for near-term clinical studies of these agents in advanced prostate cancer. Mol Cancer Res; 15(6); 660–9. ©2017 AACR.
Development of Cancer Vaccines Targeting Brachyury, a Transcription Factor Associated with Tumor Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Hamilton Duane H. , David Justin M. , Dominguez Charli , Palena Claudia
Published: February 2017

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is recognized as a relevant process during the progression of carcinomas towards metastatic disease. Epithelial cancer cells undergoing an EMT program may acquire mesenchymal features, motility, invasiveness, and resistance to a variety of anticancer therapeutics. Preventing or reverting the EMT process in carcinomas has the potential to minimize tumor dissemination and the emergence of therapeutic resistance. One of the strategies currently under investigation to target tumor cells undergoing EMT is the generation of a sustained immune response directed against an essential molecular driver of the process. This review focuses on the current development of immune-mediated anticancer interventions aimed at targeting a transcription factor, brachyury, associated with human tumor EMT. Also presented here is a summary of recent studies demonstrating a role for EMT in tumor resistance to immune effector cytotoxicity, and the study of novel strategies aimed at reverting the EMT to be used in combination with immune-mediated anticancer interventions.
Therapeutic Targeting of Epithelial Plasticity Programs: Focus on the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Malek Reem , Wang Hailun , Taparra Kekoa , Tran Phuoc T.
Published: February 2017

Mounting data points to epithelial plasticity programs such as the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) as clinically relevant therapeutic targets for the treatment of malignant tumors. In addition to the widely realized role of EMT in increasing cancer cell invasiveness during cancer metastasis, the EMT has also been implicated in allowing cancer cells to avoid tumor suppressor pathways during early tumorigenesis. In addition, data linking EMT to innate and acquired treatment resistance further points towards the desire to develop pharmacological therapies to target epithelial plasticity in cancer. In this review we organized our discussion on pathways and agents that can be used to target the EMT in cancer into 3 groups: (1) extracellular inducers of EMT, (2) the transcription factors that orchestrate the EMT transcriptome, and (3) the downstream effectors of EMT. We highlight only briefly specific canonical pathways known to be involved in EMT, such as the signal transduction pathways TGFβ, EFGR, and Axl-Gas6. We emphasize in more detail pathways that we believe are emerging novel pathways and therapeutic targets such as epigenetic therapies, glycosylation pathways, and immunotherapy. The heterogeneity of tumors and the dynamic nature of epithelial plasticity in cancer cells make it likely that targeting only 1 EMT-related process will be unsuccessful or only transiently successful. We suggest that with greater understanding of epithelial plasticity regulation, such as with the EMT, a more systematic targeting of multiple EMT regulatory networks will be the best path forward to improve cancer outcomes.
The Role of Netrins and Their Receptors in Epithelial Mesenchymal Plasticity during Development
Authors: Murray Michael J.
Published: February 2017

Transitions between mesenchymal and epithelial cells are underpinned by changes in motility, adhesion, and polarity. Netrins and their receptors can control each of these cellular properties, and are emerging as important regulators of epithelial mesenchymal plasticity (EMP). Netrins were first identified in the worm Caenorhabditis elegans as secreted chemoattractants/repellents that could guide migrating mesodermal cells and axonal growth cones. Orthologues were subsequently found to play conserved roles in vertebrates and in the vinegar fly Drosophila. In the years that have followed it has become clear that, in addition to chemotaxis, netrin pathways have a number of other biological roles, many of which are directly relevant to the processes of EMP. Netrins and their receptors regulate morphogenesis of epithelial branched structures in the lung, mammary gland, pancreas, and vasculature, and can also promote the loss of epithelial structure. More recently they have been shown to drive apicobasal cell polarization events in vertebrates, flies, and worms. Given these many and varied roles in regulating epithelial morphogenetic events, together with their well-established roles in cell motility, netrins are likely to remain an important future avenue for EMP research.
Drug Dosing and Estimated Renal Function - Any Step Forward from Effersoe?
Authors: Hornum Mads , Feldt-Rasmussen Bo
Published: February 2017

Drug dosing in accordance with the renal function is a long-standing challenge to clinicians. For many years it has been evident that in many clinical situations there is no easy way to correctly dose any drug that is mainly cleared by the kidneys. Despite the development of many formulas for estimating the glomerular filtration rate, they all have serious shortcomings. Much effort has been put in to develop estimation formulas to evaluate the renal function as an alternative to direct methods with the aim of safely dosing drugs that are mainly cleared by the kidneys. Both creatinine- and cystatin C-based formulas with additional clinical and biochemical parameters deduced from association studies with methods to measure the glomerular filtration rate (mGFR) have been developed. None of them have been good enough to perform safely in the wide range of situations in daily clinical praxis. Despite serious limitations, there has also been a tendency to use estimated GFR (eGFR) as a “hard” clinical endpoint in clinical studies. This has increased the risk of misinterpretation and has led to conclusions that are not necessarily supported by data. Finally, new methods of testing drug toxicity and the use of pharmacological support in order to fix the right doses are mentioned in this short overview of studies; possible problems that are encountered using eGFR instead of mGFR in the clinic and in research are also mentioned in this report.
Роль оксидативного і нітрооксидативного стресу в патогенезі генералізованого пародонтиту на фоні хронічного гастриту
Authors: Bedeniuk O. S. , Korda M. M.
Published: February 2017

The aim of the study was to investigate in experiment the biochemical mechanisms of periodontal tissues lipopolysaccharide inflammation on the background of gastric mucosa chronic inflammatory injury. Periodontitis was initiated in white rats by the injection of E. Coli lipopolysaccharide (40 μl, 1 mg/ml) into gingival tissues. For the modeling of chronic gastritis 2 % sodium salicylate was administered intragastrically for 6 weeks. Lipopolysaccharide periodontitis was accompanied with the increase of TBA-active products and oxidative-modified proteins as well as with the decrease of superoxide dismutase activity and reduced glutathione content in periodontal tissues and blood serum. The total NO synthase activity and NOx content increased significantly in rats with periodontitis. In animals with both pathologies, periodontitis and chronic gastritis, oxidative and nitrooxidative stress was much more pronounced than in rats without gastritis. It was concluded that chronic gastritis markedly enhances oxidative and nitrooxidative stress in periodontal tissues injured by the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide.
Changes of carbohydrate and lipid metafbolism and c-reactive protein in patients with ischemic heart disease and fatty hepatose
Authors: Tkachuk S. А. , Bashta H. V. , Lapovets L. Ye. , Zaletskyi M. P.
Published: February 2017

The aim of the study was to detect changes in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism and the level of C-reactive protein in patients with ischemic heart disease, combined with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Widespread ischemic heart disease combined with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease requires finding mutual pathogenetic mechanisms for improving the diagnosis and treatment optimization to improve the course and prognosis of these comorbid diseases. Patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease must be classified as high-risk population.