bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HIV self-test performance evaluation among priority populations in rural Mozambique: Results from a community-based observational study
Authors: De Schacht Caroline , Lucas Carlota , Paulo Paula , Naftal Fernando Anibal , Ernesto Chinai Jalilo , Silva Wilson P. , Amane Guita , Sultane Thebora , Honwana Nely , Malimane Inacio , Couto Aleny , Yu Zhihong , Wester C. William
Published: June 2024

Background

In 2021, Mozambique initiated community-based oral HIV self-testing (HIVST) to increase testing access and uptake among priority groups, including adult males, adolescents, and young adults. Within an HIVST pilot project, we conducted a performance evaluation assessing participants’ ability to successfully conduct HIVST procedures and interpret results.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was performed between February-March 2021 among employees, students (18–24 years of age), and community members, using convenience sampling, in two rural districts of Zambézia Province, Mozambique. We quantified how well untrained users performed procedures for the oral HIVST (Oraquick®) through direct observation using a structured checklist, from which we calculated an HIVST usability index (scores ranging 0–100%). Additionally, participants interpreted three previously processed anonymous HIVST results. False reactive and false non-reactive interpretation results were presented as proportions. Bivariate analysis was conducted using Chi-square and Fisher exact tests.

Results

A total of 312 persons participated (131[42%] community members, 71[23%] students, 110[35%] employees); 239 (77%) were male; the mean age was 28 years (standard deviation 10). Average usability index scores were 80% among employees, 86% among students, and 77% among community members. Main procedural errors observed included “incorrect tube positioning” (49%), “incorrect specimen collection” (43%), and “improper waiting time for result interpretation” (42%). From the presented anonymous HIVST results, 75% (n = 234) correctly interpreted all three results, while 9 (3%) of study participants failed to correctly interpret any results. Overall, 36 (12%) gave a false non-reactive result interpretation, 21 (7%) a false reactive result interpretation, and 14 (4%) gave both false non-reactive and false reactive result interpretations. Community members generally had lower performance.

Conclusions

Despite some observed testing procedural errors, most users could successfully perform an HIVST. Educational sessions at strategic places (e.g., schools, workplaces), and support via social media and hotlines, may improve HIVST performance quality, reducing the risk of incorrect interpretation.
Revisão sistemática do método TOPSIS e suas aplicações na agricultura
Authors: Duarte Armando Dias
Published: June 2024

A agricultura desempenha um papel significativo na economia global e também no desenvolvimento econômico e social. Para aumentar a produtividade, a sustentabilidade e a competitividade em todo o mundo, bem como no Brasil, onde a agricultura representa uma parte significativa do PIB, é necessário tomar decisões eficazes no setor agrícola. Ainda que a tomada de decisões seja importante na agricultura, ainda há lacunas a serem preenchidas. É difícil para os gestores e tomadores de decisão agrícolas encontrar uma base sólida para avaliar opções em situações difíceis. Para o desenvolvimento do artigo, as publicações sobre a aplicação do método Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) na agricultura e no meio ambiente foram analisadas de acordo com as diretrizes do método Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). Como resultado, este artigo fornece informações importantes para a difusão e ajuda a apoiar os avanços no uso do método TOPSIS e suas variantes na agricultura moderna.
Financial Literacy as Part of Empowerment Education for Later Life: A Spectrum of Perspectives, Challenges and Implications for Individuals, Educators and Policymakers in the Modern Digital Economy
Authors: Akbaş Müzeyyen Çiğdem , Seedsman Terence
Published: June 2024

This contemporary-based essay provides a case for a life course approach to financial literacy education that offers a pathway for individuals to enter their later years with improved levels of financial security and savings. Financial security in older age is seen as an important factor in promoting social connectedness with implications for (a) health and well-being in later life and (b) reducing social isolation and loneliness among older people. Financial literacy is presented within the context of an ongoing life skill requiring early habit building with the need for episodic updating in light of new information and changing life circumstances. Embedding financial literacy education within a life course framework is seen as offering the opportunity to gain economic empowerment leading to long-term financial stability and independence. The notion of economic empowerment is considered as an equal right for both men and women and warrants attention by educators and policymakers to address gender-related disparities in economic security. The increasing numbers of people expected to live longer lives will create an urgent need for early planning actions to achieve financial security in older age.
Dynamic evolution of residual stress upon manufacturing Al-based diesel engine diaphragm
Authors: Li Guodong , Zhou Xiaosheng , Zhang Li , Du YunFei , Zhang Dong
Published: June 2024

As a thin-walled complex structure, the manufacturing of Al-based diesel engine diaphragms involves casting and heat treatment. Residual stress is introduced during the uneven temperature field in casting and heat treatment, as well as the plastic deformation and cutting heat during mechanical processing. This research investigates the evolution and accumulation models of residual stress in casting and heat treatment for Al-based diesel engine diaphragms using ProCAST and ABAQUS software, combining with the experimental tests. To mitigate residual stress, the optimal parameter combination for casting temperature, knockout temperature, and mold preheating temperature in casting process is explored. The results indicate that the knockout temperature has the most significant influence on casting residual stress, and mold preheating is beneficial for reducing residual stress. Despite improvements, some internal stress concentration areas persist on the knockout casting surface. Furthermore, T6 heat treatment proves to be effective in eliminating more than 50% of the residual stress.
Directives and references in selected coronavirus-motivated internet memes
Authors: Osisanwo Ayo , Falade Toluwalope Mary
Published: June 2024

The use of directives in communicating the nature of the pandemic and reference to social experiences were promoted using images on social media platforms. The images or memes are used to create awareness and reinforce the criteria for safety during the pandemic. Previous studies on internet memes have concentrated on humor generation, speaker-hearer shared knowledge, neologism, and multimodality among others, with insufficient attention paid to the use of directives and references in such coronavirus-motivated memes. This paper, therefore, examines how directives and references are employed in conveying expected social responsibilities through coronavirus-motivated internet memes in Nigeria and other socio-cultural contexts. For data, one hundred coronavirus-motivated memes were purposively selected from Facebook, and eight representative memes were subjected to pragmatic analysis using aspects of Jacob Mey’s (2001. Pragmatics: An introduction, 2nd edn. USA: Blackwell Publishing) pragmatic acts theory to unearth insights from them. The paper observes that the various spheres of life that are relatable to an online audience help to express what the pandemic is about and enhance the meaning of the pandemic with the context of the use of the memes, giving clearer perspectives on the pandemic. Directives and references are useful tools for conveying social responsibilities to online audience.
Identification of GNB1 as a downstream effector of the circRNA-0133711/miR-145-5p axis involved in breast cancer proliferation and metastasis
Authors: Zou Huimei , Chen Peilei , Li Zhongkui , Yan Tingliang , Cui Daolin , Gong Lei , Fang Jie , Ren Yu , Chen Min , Yu Jie , Yu Jun , Luo Juan , Zhang Fan
Published: June 2024

Objectives

Despite the involvement of the G protein beta-1 (GNB1) protein in various cancer types, its relationship to breast tumours is presently uncertain. This research focused on the expression of GNB1 in breast cancer and its possible biological ramifications in an effort to explain this confusion.

Methods

The expression levels of GNB1 in adjacent normal tissues and breast cancer were compared. We next constructed GNB1-overexpressed or -knockdown MDA-MB-231 cell lines in order to clarify GNB1’s function in breast cancer. We used colony-formation assays, CCK-8 assays, xenograft models, and transwell migration/invasion assays to evaluate the effect of GNB1 on tumorigenicity, migration, and invasion. Moreover, we used western blot analysis to investigate the significance of FAK/mTOR signalling in GNB1-regulated tumour stimulatory effects in breast cancer. Finally, we investigated the upstream regulatory signaling of GNB1 using luciferase reporter and functional repair assays.

Results

When comparing human breast cancer specimens to specimens of normal tissue, we discovered that GNB1 was noticeably overexpressed. This phenotype was also found to be substantially associated with unfavourable clinical outcomes. Functional research findings indicate that elevated expression of GNB1 stimulated the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer cells. Additionally, we discovered that GNB1 activated the FAK/mTOR signalling cascade by directly inducing the phosphorylation of the FAK protein through specific contacts. According to the results of the RNA pull-down assays and dual-luciferase reporter, we concluded that circRNA-0133711 functions as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) that sequesters miR-145-5p and thereby relieves its repressive effect on GNB1 expression.

Conclusions

Collectively, our research findings elucidate the hitherto unexplored important role of the circRNA-0133711/miR-145-5p/GNB1 axis in the formation of breast cancer, and provide a new biomarker for clinical diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.
Gewinnung und Bindung von Fachkräften
Authors: Friedel Andreas
Published: June 2024

Recruiting and retaining skilled workers is a concern for all employers. This article presents a benchmark procedure that gives manufacturing companies the opportunity to learn from each other regarding this concern in a methodically structured way. The evaluation basis for the benchmark and the requirements for its organization are presented and explained for this purpose. Finally, the application of the benchmark procedure is shown as an example.
The complexity of coffee and its impact on metabolism
Authors: Zhang Huanan , Speakman John R
Published: June 2024

Coffee is one of the three most consumed beverages in the world. It is made by first roasting coffee beans, and then grinding and boiling or steeping the roasted beans in water (brewing). The process of roasting and brewing produces a complex mix of bioactive compounds, including methylxanthines (caffeine, theobromine, theophylline), diterpenes, chlorogenic acid, trigonelline, flavonoids, and hydroxycinnamic acid. In the body, these compounds may be metabolized to produce other bioactive compounds. For example, caffeine is primarily (80%) broken down by demethylation to produce paraxanthine. In the post-ingestion period, levels of paraxanthine may be higher than caffeine due to its slower elimination. Hence, while paraxanthine is not found in coffee itself, it has many of the same properties as caffeine and may be a major contributor to its metabolic effects. The impacts of caffeine and paraxanthine on metabolism relate to their impact on adenosine receptors (notably the A2A receptor). It has been known for almost 100 years that intake of coffee stimulates metabolism by between 5% and 20% for at least 3 h. About half of the increase in metabolic rate after drinking coffee is due to caffeine and derivatives, but the source of the other half is unclear. There are large differences in the response to the same amount of coffee in different individuals, which may be related to caffeine clearance rates, effects of other unknown pathways, genetic polymorphism, age, sex, and body composition.
V. M. Metallov — priest, scholar, educationalist
Authors: Glushkova Olga
Published: June 2024

This article presents the experience of working in the genre of scientific biography of an outstanding representative of Russian culture at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries, priest Vasily Mikhailovich Metallov, who combined church service with scientific and pedagogical musical activity (to a lesser extent, composing).V.M. Metallov has come a long way from a provincial rural priest to the rector of the Kazan Church on Red Square in Moscow. Developing the talent of a research scientist, he achieved great results in the field of studying ancient Russian church music history, set forth in a number of fundamental works. In his extensive pedagogical activity, he sought to transfer his scientific knowledge to students of spiritual and secular educational institutions in Saratov and Moscow: the Saratov Theological Seminary, the Synodal School of Church Singing, the Moscow Conservatory of the Russian Musical Society, the Archaeological Institute.The central place in the secular ministry of V.M. Metallov was occupied by the Moscow Conservatory. In it, he continued the tradition of teaching the spiritual and musical training course «The History of Church Singing», the founder of which was Archpriest Dimitri Vasilyevich Razumovsky, and the successor Stepan Vasilyevich Smolensky. By his works and trying to preserve the presence of the spiritual and musical subject in the conditions of the reformation after 1917 of pre-revolutionary musical education at the Moscow Conservatory, V.M. In this way, he preserved the foundation, which in the future allowed the interest of musical researchers to revive in the national «monument» — the ancient Russian church music art.The article observes the chronological outline of the biography of V.M. Metallov, supplemented by a number of little-known details and documentary evidence discovered during the study of archival materials and documents.
Fity in the pre-reform and post-reform copies of the 17th century notated Octoechоs
Authors: Kryukov Pavel
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to a significant element of znamenny chant - fitnoy singing. It examines both the lettering and chanting of fitts in the notated Octoechos, in particular, how the general patterns of fitt singing are manifested in the Octoechos. This work shows that the use of fit in the chants of the Octoechos does not depend directly on the genre of the chant, although certain regularities can be traced. In addition, the number of fits is distributed unevenly among the voices, just as in other books and in theoretical manuals - fitniki. At the same time, some fitas are repeated more than once within a vowel section. Comparison of lists close in time and type allows us to identify "author's" variants of the arrangement of fittas or chants of fittas, although in general variants of chants for fittas in the margins or in the banner line of Octoechos chants are rarely recorded. Special attention is paid to the degree of preservation of the chants in connection with the process of correction of liturgical books in the middle of the 17th century, which also affected notated manuscripts. In this connection the lists of the pre-reform, post-reform and transitional editions of the Octoechos are compared diachronically. The comparison shows that most of the fictional formulae were preserved in the process of correcting the notated Octoechos, and, as a rule, their location in the poetic text did not change either. These conclusions testify to the preservation of the tradition, which does not exclude the creative approach of the masters in some cases.
Оn the Eve of the “Scythian Invasion” to Central Europe: a New Warrior Grave in Bilsk
Authors:   the Institute of Archaeology, the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Grechko D. S.
Published: June 2024

In the article, the results of excavations of the Barrow 1/2020 (no. 57) in Skorobir (Area “4th Field”) are presented. In the burial of the beginning of the transitional period (580/570—560/550 BC), a set of handmade pottery, two iron bits, a spearhead and a quiver with arrowheads were found. The arrowhead set makes possible to synchronise it with other warrior burials of the time of the eve of nomad campaign to the Hallstatt and Lusatian lands around the middle of the 6th century BC. Complexes with similar arrowhead sets could belong to warriors, who moved to the compaign to the west after the conquering of the Eastern European forest-steppe tribes.
Bone Artefacts from the exposition of the National Historical and Archaeological Reserve “Olbia” Museum
Authors:   the Institute of Archaeology, the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Semenova A. A.
Published: June 2024

In the article, a collection of bone and antler artefacts that had been displayed at the National Historical and Archaeological Reserve “Olbia” Museum until 2022 are discussed. The collection includes materials excavated from the territory of Olbia starting from 1946 and encompasses a diverse range of artefacts categories, such as spindle whorls, handles for metal tools, musical instruments, jewellery and components of horse harness, etc.
Archaeology and Special Historical Disciplines at Lviv University: Obvious and Less Obvious Parallels and Intersections
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Bilas N. M. , Tseluiko O. P. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
Published: June 2024

In the article, the history of the development of Archaeology and Special (Auxiliary) Historical Disciplines at the Lviv University (the Ivan Franko National University of Lviv) is traced. The close relationship is emphasised between the teaching and learning of these sciences from the time of the creation of the classical university in Lviv to the present day, as well as the corresponding educational activities, and scientific achievements.
Supporting the Grieving Child and Family: Clinical Report
Authors: Schonfeld David J. , Demaria Thomas , Nasir Arwa , Kumar Sairam ,   COMMITTEE ON PSYCHOSOCIAL ASPECTS OF CHILD AND FAMILY HEALTH, Nasir Arwa , Berger-Jenkins Evelyn , Johnson Tiffani , Dworkin Paul , Davis Beth Ellen , Sriraman Natasha , Schlesinger Abigail , Stancin Terry , Fraser Heather , Davis Kathleen Hobson , DeBattista Anne , Warczak Zoë , Wheatley Robyn R. ,   COUNCIL ON CHILDREN AND DISASTERS, Krug Steven E. , Chung Sarita , Baum Carl R. , Chatham-Stephens Kevin , Dahl-Grove Deanna L. , Davies H. Dele , Dziuban Eric J. , Gill Natasha , Godfred-Cato Shana , Griese Stephanie E. , Kaziny Brent D. , Needle Scott M. , Schonfeld David J. , Simpson Joelle N. , Glasstetter Eileen
Published: June 2024

The death of someone close to a child often has a profound and lifelong effect on the child and results in a range of both short- and long-term reactions. Pediatricians, within a patient-centered medical home, are in an excellent position to provide guidance to caregivers and to offer assistance and support to grieving children of all ages and their families. This clinical report offers practical suggestions on how to talk with grieving children to help them better understand what has happened and its implications. An understanding of guilt, shame, and other common reactions as well as an appreciation of the role of secondary losses and the unique challenges facing children in communities characterized by chronic trauma and cumulative loss will help the pediatrician to address factors that may impair children’s adjustment and to identify complicated mourning and situations when professional counseling is indicated. Advice on how to support children’s participation in funerals and other memorial services and to anticipate and address grief triggers and anniversary reactions is provided so that pediatricians are in a better position to advise caregivers and to offer consultation to and collaborate with professionals in schools, early education and child care facilities, and other child congregate care sites. Pediatricians often enter their profession out of a profound desire to minimize the suffering of children and may find it personally challenging to bear witness to the distress of children who are acutely grieving. The importance of professional preparation and self-care is, therefore, emphasized, and resources are recommended.
Resorbable Osteosynthesis in Mandibular Fractures. An Exploratory Systematic Review
Authors: Sanino Zavala Ignacio , Carrazana Díaz Michelle , Fuentes Fernández Darling , Guzmán Aguilera Violeta , Quitral Argandoña Rodrigo
Published: June 2024

Mandibular fractures have a high prevalence in the maxillofacial region, often requiring surgical intervention. The gold standard for treatment involves open reduction with osteosynthesis using titanium plates. New biocompatible materials have been applied to address the complications and disadvantages of titanium plates, leading to the emergence of absorbable osteosynthesis plates. Understanding the effectiveness of titanium plates and absorbable osteosynthesis plates in the treatment of mandibular fractures helps determine the need to invest in new techniques with predictable outcomes. To describe the effectiveness of using titanium plates and absorbable osteosynthesis plates in the treatment of mandibular fractures. In August 2023, an exploratory systematic review of the available literature since 2018 on the use of absorbable osteosynthesis plates in mandibular fractures was conducted. PubMed, Scopus, and WOS were searched, including studies in English or Spanish. A total of 227 articles were obtained. After reviewing titles and abstracts, 29 articles were included for full-text reading. Nine duplicates were discarded, and 10 were excluded based on predefined criteria, resulting in a total of 10 articles for this study. Authors report that titanium plates exhibit less displacement of the contact surface in fractured segments due to a larger surface area, rigidity, and load-bearing capacity. Absorbable osteosynthesis plates are more flexible but are susceptible to greater deformation under significant masticatory forces, potentially leading to fracture opening and displacement of bone segments. Postoperative complications were analyzed, and no statistically significant differences were found. Titanium and absorbable devices did not differ in terms of biomechanical behavior and postoperative complications in the treatment of mandibular fractures. Further studies comparing both types of plates in mandibular fractures are needed.
Project Spotlight: Sleek compound curves in precast concrete provide stylish, safe medical facility
Authors: Atkinson William
Published: June 2024

The Mt. Sinai Medical Center Skolnick Surgical Tower in Miami Beach, Fla., was a co-winner of the 2020 PCI Design Award for Best Healthcare and Medical Building. The project included precast concrete as a way to ensure that the architect and engineer could deliver an artistic vision while also accom¬modating many other project goals, including the ability to withstand hurricanes and other natural disasters. Gate Precast of Kissimmee, Fla., was selected to be the precaster for the project.
Investigating the Readability of School Geographic Map Symbols Using Eye-Tracking Technology
Authors: Šutinienė Loreta , Česnulevičius Algimantas , Bautrėnas Artūras
Published: June 2024

Geography atlas is an educational material that is very important in geography education. For the eye tracking experiment, six mineral maps were selected from different geography atlases for high school students. The aim of this study was to analyze which design of conventional symbols is more understandable for high school students. We hope that the presented methodology and the case study will help mapmakers to create more effective school geographic maps.
Additional Pedagogical Education as a Prerequisite for Entering the Profession: Prestige of the Teaching Profession and Self-Efficacy
Authors: Fico Martin
Published: June 2024

This longitudinal study aims to explore the usefulness of additional pedagogical education (APE) for those interested in the teaching profession in Czechia. The main research question is: What role can APE play in developing teacher self-efficacy and increasing the perceived prestige of the teaching profession? A sequential mixed-methods design with repeated data collection was chosen. The results show that APE, as it was set up, could not be useful for teacher self-efficacy or prestige.
The Military Theme in Orthodox Journalism
Authors:   Non-governmental private institution – educational organization of higher education «Missionary Institute», Yamshanov Andrey L.
Published: June 2024

This article is devoted to the implementation of the military theme in Orthodox journalism. The study is devoted to the Russian Orthodox media, which realize this socially significant theme in their texts. The relevance of the topic is conditioned by the situation in modern society, where the importance of the mission of the Orthodox media is increasing manifold. The object of the study is the publications of the Russian Orthodox media in the most typical for the selected topic period from 2022 to 2024, dedicated to the army. The subject of the study is the peculiarities of representation of the theme of defense of the Fatherland in Orthodox journalism, strategies for the implementation of Christian concepts in the publications of Orthodox journalists. The purpose of the study is to characterize the implementation of the military theme in the Orthodox media in Russia. The objectives of the study were to show the importance of the defense of the Fatherland in the system of Orthodox spiritual values, to present Orthodox journalism as part of the media sphere of modern Russia, to identify the most popular Orthodox print media and Internet sites, to analyze the presence, and identify the direction of development of the military theme in them.
Problems of the Implementation of the Pushkin Map Program Among Students of Vocational Organizations in the Sverdlovsk Region: The Teachers’ point of view
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Ambarova Polina A. , Dmitrieva Tatyana V. ,   Ural Federal University, Musina Irina S. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: June 2024

In the article the perception of college teachers regarding the problems of implementing the Pushkin Map program among students of vocational education organizations (VEO) in the Sverdlovsk region is presented. The topicality of the study is due to the need to identify barriers preventing the inclusion of students of VEO in the Pushkin Map program, and conditions that will allow students to fully use the opportunities to visit cultural institutions and events. The purpose of the article is to reveal the problems of involvement of students and their teachers in the implementation of the Pushkin Map program. The empirical basis of the article was formed by the documents’ analysis, a survey where the students were involved as well as the interviews with the teachers of VEO of the Sverdlovsk region (2023). The authors conclude that the Pushkin Map program does have a potential as a factor stipulating no only the growth of cultural level growth of college students, but as a factor of academic performance improvement in general. The key barriers to the implementation of the program are lack of interest to the program from both students and teachers, technical difficulties, as well as poor information campaigns. At the same time, the willingness of teachers to be involved in the promotion of the program was revealed, under conditions of favorable institutionall conditions.
PRAGMATISMO E DISCRIÇÃO: AS RELAÇÕES ENTRE EUA E VENEZUELA NOS GOVERNOS BIDEN E MADURO
Authors: Valente Leonardo
Published: June 2024

Resumo: Este artigo busca analisar o reestabelecimento das relações comerciais e a distensão política entre a Venezuela e os Estados Unidos da América durante o governo Biden, especialmente a partir de 2022, caracterizando essa reaproximação como um movimento pragmático de ambas as partes. Do lado estadunidense, entende-se tal pragmatismo como fruto da necessidade de realinhamento das posições e relações em níveis regional e global por conta da disputa por hegemonia com a China. Para a Venezuela, o pragmatismo retoma uma antiga tradição da política externa dos governos de Caracas, independente de orientação ideológica, de habilidosamente se relacionar simultaneamente com grandes potências em disputa, a fim de otimizar a obtenção de benefícios, nesse caso, a redução das sanções, a ampliação do comércio e a entrada de investimentos.
O RODOVIARISMO NA ENGRENAGEM POLÍTICA DA DEMOCRATIZAÇÃO (1945-1956)
Authors: Huertas Daniel Monteiro
Published: June 2024

Resumo: O objetivo deste artigo é analisar como o rodoviarismo tornou-se um elemento nevrálgico no conjunto da política brasileira na primeira parte do chamado período de democratização, entre a queda do Estado Novo, em outubro de 1945, e o término do governo provisório de Nereu Ramos, em 1956. Ancorado na teoria de Nunes ( 1997 ) das novas gramáticas políticas nas relações entre Estado e sociedade a partir do Estado Novo (1937-1945) e em farta pesquisa empírica, procura-se demonstrar que a força política adquirida pelos agentes do rodoviarismo dependeu, em última instância, do papel assumido pelo Departamento Nacional de Estradas de Rodagem (DNER), que a todo custo buscou manter um grau substancial de “insulamento burocrático” diante da conturbada conjuntura política da época.
Violência por parceiro íntimo na gestação e tempo de retorno das atividades sexuais após o parto: análise da coorte de pré-natal BRISA
Authors: Abreu Liendne Penha , Batalha Mônica Araújo , Aristizabal Liliana Yanet Gomez , Costa Luciana Cavalcante , Batista Rosângela Fernandes Lucena
Published: June 2024

Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar se existe associação entre violência por parceiro íntimo na gestação e o tempo de retorno das atividades sexuais após o parto na coorte BRISA, em São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil, entre os anos de 2010 e 2013. Trata-se de estudo longitudinal conduzido com 665 mulheres. A violência por parceiro íntimo na gestação foi medida por meio de instrumento criado e validado pela Organização Mundial da Saúde para medir violência contra a mulher. O tempo de retorno das atividades sexuais após o parto foi investigado por meio de questionário estruturado. Modelos de regressão logística foram utilizados para verificar se existe associação entre violência por parceiro íntimo na gestação e tempo de retorno das atividades sexuais após o parto. A prevalência de violência perpetrada pelo parceiro íntimo na gestação foi de 24,06%. A prevalência de mulheres que retornaram às atividades sexuais em até três meses após o parto foi de 67,96%. Ao analisar a associação entre exposição e desfecho, observou-se que não houve associação no modelo bruto (OR = 0,88; IC95%: 0,60-1,30), nem no modelo ajustado (OR = 1,00; IC95%: 0,61-1,63). Os resultados do estudo evidenciam a importância de prestar assistência integral à saúde da mulher, considerando tanto aspectos físicos quanto psicológicos, uma vez que a violência tem impacto significativo em diversas áreas da vida feminina.
Early Use of Alcohol: Correlation with School Violence and Social-Emotional Skills
Authors: Alves Dayse Lorrane Gonçalves , Pinto Francisco José Maia , Stelko-Pereira Ana Carina , Gomes Manoelise Linhares Ferreira , Nunes Bruna Rodrigues , Silva Steffany Rocha da , Cruz Tayane Carneiro , Peixoto Richelle Magalhães de Castro
Published: June 2024

Abstract This study aimed to analyze the association between early alcohol use in adolescence and associated factors: sociodemographic, involvement in bullying, risk behaviors at school, and social-emotional skills. It was carried out with 528 adolescents from full-time public high schools. Instruments: sociodemographic questionnaire, AUDIT, Victimization Scale among Students, Scale of Authorship of Student Violence, Risk Behavior Scale, and SENNA. In the final model, the variables with a significant association with early alcohol use by adolescents were: not having a religion (PR = 1.28, 95% CI [1.02, 1.60]), parental alcohol consumption (PR = 1.55, 95% CI [1.22, 1.97]), bullying (PR = 1.51, 95% CI [1.14, 1.98]), smoking at school (PR = 1.74, 95% CI [1.36, 2.24]), high engagement with others (PR = 2.59, 95% CI [1.40, 4.79]), and low emotional resilience (PR = 2.16, 95% CI [1.16, 4.03]), all indicating risk.
Treatment of non-severe mastitis in Brazilian dairy cows: a comparative study between amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and a conventional protocol
Authors: Almeida Kevin Graham Smith de , Batista Chester , Brose Mariana de Mattos , Quirino Monike , Dalto André Gustavo Cabrera
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT: The association of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid has shown high efficacy to treat mastitis worldwide, also promoting a shorter milk disposal period compared to other antimicrobials. However, no previous investigations regarding its application to treat mastitis in Brazilian dairy cows were developed. This study evaluated the effectiveness of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid to treat Brazilian dairy cows with mastitis, comparing it with a reference protocol treatment combination of tetracycline, neomycin and bacitracin. Holstein cows (n = 468) from three different dairy herds in Brazil were assigned to two groups: combination of tetracycline, neomycin and bacitracin (n = 178; positive control group) and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid protocol (n = 290). Before the treatment, milk samples were collected and cultivated in chromogenic media. After finishing the antimicrobial treatment (intramammary), milk samples were also collected and cultivated in chromogenic media. Results from microbiological analysis obtained before and after treatment were compared to determine the healing rate. Nine different microbiological agents were identified: eight of environmental origin and one of contagious origin; being eight gram-positive and one gram-negative bacteria. TThe positive control group and the treatment group showed similar healing rate (86.5% and 90.3%, respectively; P > 0.05). No differences were found between the groups for the healing rate, when the causing agent was considered. Therefore, it is possible to indicate the amoxicillin-clavulanic acid-based protocol to treat intramammary mastitis in Brazilian dairy cows, achieving great healing rates and providing a substantial reduction in milk disposal.
Experimental plan for carrot culture
Authors: Lambrecht Darlei Michalski , Sgarbossa Jaqueline , Diel Maria Inês , Lúcio Alessandro Dal’Col , Marques Lucas Encarnação , Raddatz Iara Cristina , Tischler André Luís , Tartaglia Francieli de Lima , Engers Lana Bruna de Oliveira , Soncini Ingrid Rodrigues , Kuhn Marcielli Matiazzi
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT: The carrotculture stands out on the world stage due to its nutritional characteristics and economic importance, an aspect that demands the constant development of research aiming greater productivity. Thus, this study proposed an experimental plan, determining the estimates of plot size, sample size, and number of repetitions, with the purpose of increasing the precision and reliability of the results of the experiments with the carrot crop. Six uniformity trials were conducted, using three cultivars in two growing seasons (Season: 2019 and 2021).Each plant was considered a basic experimental unit and in each BEU, the variables shoot height, root length, shoot fresh mass, root fresh mass, and root diameter were measured. The size of the plot, sample, and the number of repetitions was estimated by the method of maximum curvature of the coefficient of variation. The results recommend that for experiments with the carrot crop, plots with twelve plants should be used. For a sampling of carrot plants in the plot, samples of eleven plants must be used in the direction of the row, considering a semi-amplitude of the confidence interval (D%) equal to 20% of the mean, with a confidence level of 95%. For a minimum significant difference in the Tukey test expressed as a percentage of the 50% mean, plots of twelve plants per crop row, with eight replicates, are recommended.
Identification of Brachyspira pilosicoli, Brachyspira hyodysenteriae and Brachyspira intermedia in commercial laying hens and commercial broiler breeders using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in paraffin-embedded tissues
Authors: Gruchouskei Leonardo , Piccoli Ronaldo José , Streauslin Jessica Santos , Cavasin João Pedro , Matos Mônica Regina de , Faccin Mayane , Viott Aline de Marco
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT: Bacteria of the genus Brachyspira can cause enteric diseases in birds; thus, this study evaluated the efficacy of the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique for the identification of B. pilosicoli, B. hyodysenteriae and B. intermedia using cecum samples fixed in formaldehyde from laying hens and commercial broiler breeders. Samples were collected from 112 birds aged between 35 and 82 weeks that originated from commercial laying and broilers farms. For the initial evaluation, spirochaetes were isolated from the cloacal swabs. Positive samples were analysed using qPCR to identify pathogenic species. Formalized cecum segments of these same birds were then analyzed using the FISH technique with labelled probes specific to B. pilosicoli, B. hyodysenteriae and B. intermedia. Forty isolates characteristic of Brachyspira were obtained, of which 14 were identified as B. hyodysenteriae and seven were identified as B. intermedia by qPCR; two samples were positive for both species, and 21 were not characterized. Using the FISH technique, 52 samples were positive for Brachyspira spp., 22 were positive for B. hyodysenteriae, 28 were positive for B. intermedia, seven were positive for B. pilosicoli, and eight were positive for two species. The FISH technique was able to identify significantly more positive birds compared with bacterial isolation followed by qPCR. Thus, it is concluded that the FISH technique was effective for identifying the three Brachyspira species evaluated and can thus be used as a rapid and effective diagnostic tool.
Organizações sociais de saúde: análise sobre as especialidades e exames contratados pelo Estado de São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: Bigossi Gabriella , Sodré Francis , Fernandes Lorena Estevam Martins , Soares Gabriella Barreto , Turino Fabiana
Published: June 2024

Resumo As organizações sociais de saúde (OSS) são entidades privadas que recebem repasses de governos para gestão de serviços públicos de saúde. Com o histórico de interesses mercadológicos na saúde pública e o aporte de vultosos recursos às OSS, questiona-se se a lógica de mercado permanece inserida nesse modelo de gestão. Conhecer a dinâmica da oferta de serviços à população ao longo das contratações pode ajudar a compreender como se comportam as possíveis alterações nos serviços contratados. Trata-se de estudo descritivo-exploratório com abordagens quanti e qualitativa. Realizou-se pesquisa documental com coleta de dados dos contratos de gestão e termos aditivos. A escolha pelo estado de São Paulo se deu por este ter sido pioneiro na implantação da gestão de serviços do SUS por OSS e pela sua representatividade econômica. Especialidades médicas foram incluídas em 184 repactuações (6,14%) e excluídas em 187 (6,24%), enquanto as não médicas foram incluídas em 26 repactuações (2,97%) e excluídas em 144 (16,44%). Quanto aos exames, 101 repactuações (18,07%) aumentaram metas e 60 (10,73%) reduziram, enquanto 6 repactuações (1,07%) incluíram exames e 12 (2,14%) excluíram.
Materiais educativos digitais sobre habilidades culinárias como estratégia de promoção de saúde na Atenção Primária
Authors: Teixeira Aline Rissatto , Camanho Júlia Souza Pinto , Miguel Flávia da Silva , Mega Helena Carvalho , Slater Betzabeth
Published: June 2024

Resumo Este estudo visa reportar desenvolvimento e validação de materiais educativos digitais baseados nas dimensões de habilidades culinárias domésticas (HCD) avaliadas por escala destinada aos profissionais da APS, nas recomendações do Guia Alimentar Para a População Brasileira e no Marco de Educação Alimentar e Nutricional (EAN) para Políticas Públicas. Foram desenvolvidos 5 vídeos e materiais gráficos com propostas de atividades para desenvolvimento de HCD e estímulo à sua implementação em ações e orientações junto à comunidade e em atendimentos profissionais. O conteúdo dos materiais foi avaliado por especialistas utilizando técnica Delphi de 2 rounds e análises estatísticas para evidência de consenso. Especialistas proferiram comentários para aprimoramento dos produtos e sua aplicabilidade. Os materiais apresentaram linguagem decodificada, ilustrações lúdicas, com personagens representativos da população-alvo. Apresentaram evidência de validade de conteúdo satisfatória e podem ser utilizados em ações de educação permanente, visando a qualificação da força de trabalho, e em ações de EAN junto aos sujeitos de direito. Os materiais gráficos possibilitam associar o conteúdo dos vídeos à prática, em contextos condizentes com a realidade dos sujeitos.
Association between the environment for physical activity in public schools and childhood obesity: a view in the light of complex systems
Authors: Souza Filho Anastácio Neco de , Bezerra Thaynã Alves , Bandeira Paulo Felipe Ribeiro , Cabral Luciana Gatto , Brito André , Guerra Paulo Henrique , Martins Clarice Maria de Lucena , Carvalho Ferdinando Oliveira
Published: June 2024

Abstract This article aims to analyse the relationship between physical activity (PA) environment at schools, sex, age, and obesity in children, using a network approach. This is a cross-sectional study, with 1,200 children (8.1±1.0 years old) from eight public schools in the same municipality. Weight and height measurements were assessed to calculate the Body Mass Index (BMI) and classified as healthier weight or overweight. To assess the PA environment at school, a interview with the school´s manager was conducted. The association between the PA environment at school and obesity was tested using a Network Analysis performed on the Jasp software. Positive associations between BMI and Physical Education classes (0.847), physical education teacher (0.349), break duration (0.564), and indoor sports court (0.662) were observed. Negative associations were seen with sex (-0.212) age (-0.387), extracurricular PA (-0.492), and playground (-0.557). Additionally, the centrality indicators highlighted extracurricular PA (1.789) as the variables with the highest betweenness values, and BMI with the highest closeness (2.239) and strength (1.230) values. Extracurricular PA and the presence of playgrounds in school´s environment are associated with healthier weight in low-income children.
Acesso e cuidado a saúde de mulheres privadas de liberdade na penitenciária cearense
Authors: Campelo Isabella Lima Barbosa , Bezerra Antônio Diego Costa , Guimarães José Maria Ximenes , Morais Ana Patrícia Pereira , Albuquerque Grayce Alencar , Ferreira Regina Glaucia Lucena Aguiar , Vieira-Meyer Anya Pimentel Gomes Fernandes
Published: June 2024

Resumo O estudo analisa o acesso ao cuidado em saúde de mulheres encarceradas no estado do Ceará, rastreando transtornos mentais comuns. Estudo analítico, transversal, de natureza quantitativa, desenvolvido na única penitenciária feminina do Ceará. Participaram 90 detentas, todas com alguma das seguintes questões de saúde: gestantes, puérperas, portadoras de hipertensão arterial sistêmica, diabetes mellitus, tuberculose, sífilis, hepatite B ou HIV/Aids. Os dados foram coletados por entrevista estruturada. Evidenciou-se acesso limitado à atenção à saúde das detentas, violando direitos básicos sob tutela do Estado. Foram constatadas limitações de exames de rastreamento de doenças nas presidiárias na ocasião de seu acesso ao cárcere, principalmente as que não se encontravam grávidas no momento do encarceramento. Houve diferenças entre as distintas condições de saúde analisadas, com prioridade da atenção às gestantes e puérperas. Entre as detentas, 68,24% apresentavam risco de transtornos mentais comuns (SRQ > 7). Houve correlação positiva entre idade e saúde mental (p = 0,0002). Embora exista legislação pertinente de garantia de acesso à saúde no cárcere, o sistema prisional está despreparado para atender às necessidades de portadoras de comorbidades, gestantes e puérperas.
Prevalência e fatores associados à realização dos exames de triagem neonatal no Brasil: comparação da PNS 2013 e 2019
Authors: Melo Wesley Soares de , Brito Leandro Cardozo dos Santos , Oliveira Bruno Luciano Carneiro Alves de , Barbosa Lorena Pinheiro , Cardoso Maria Vera Lúcia Moreira Leitão
Published: June 2024

Resumo Analisou-se a prevalência e fatores associados à realização da Triagem Neonatal Completa (TNC) entre crianças (<2 anos de idade) no Brasil incluídas na Pesquisa Nacional Saúde 2013 (n=4.442) e 2019 (n=5.643). Estudo transversal comparou as estimativas de prevalência e intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%) da TNC (testes do olhinho, orelhinha e pezinho). Diferenças foram consideradas estatisticamente significante ao nível de 5%. Regressões de Poisson bruta e ajustada foram realizadas para estimar Razões de Prevalência (RP) e IC95% para a associação das variáveis socioeconômicas, demográficas e de saúde com a TNC. Verificou-se aumento estatisticamente significante da TNC: 67,4% (IC95%: 65,5-69,3) em 2019, ante 49,2% (IC95%: 47,1-51,3) em 2013. Porém, ainda existem desigualdades e defasagens entre os estados da federação e variáveis sociodemográficas. Entre os anos, a TNC foi menor nas crianças de cor/raça parda e preta, dos três piores quintis de renda, sem plano de saúde, cadastradas na Estratégia de Saúde da Família, da região norte, de cidades do interior e da zona rural do Brasil. Apesar de o aumento da prevalência de TNC, desigualdades e defasagens individuais e contextuais permaneceram, indicando os desafios das políticas de saúde.
Representações culturais do câncer de mama: uma revisão de escopo
Authors: Maroun Pedro Senise , Gomes Romeu , Silva Adriano da
Published: June 2024

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é mapear a produção científica global sobre representações sociais ou culturais e câncer de mama no campo da saúde coletiva e discutir como esse fenômeno se apresenta na literatura. Foi realizada uma revisão de escopo, tendo como norte a seguinte pergunta: “Como representações culturais ou sociais no contexto do câncer de mama são descritas na produção científica global no âmbito da saúde coletiva?”. As buscas foram realizadas em cinco fontes de literatura científica, sendo incluídos 45 estudos. O tratamento analítico seguiu a técnica de análise de conteúdo na modalidade temática. O acervo analisado pode ser tematizado nas seguintes categorias: (1) Comprometimento na imagem corporal e nas interações; (2) Espiritualidade; (3) Perda do controle da vida; (4) Seguir com a vida e (5) Associação a questões étnico-raciais. Apesar dos avanços da biomedicina, observa-se que nas representações do câncer de mama ainda permanecem metáforas associadas ao câncer no século passado. Conclui-se que, dentre outros aspectos, a atenção a mulheres com câncer de mama não pode ser pautada apenas pelas abordagens biomédica e epidemiológica, uma vez que essa doença é atravessada por saberes que competem com essas abordagens.