Salivary biomarkers of cellular damage and oxidative stress following of lower third molar surgical removal
Authors: Dias Layani Bertaglia , Tonzar Thaline Teixeira , Santos Damaris Raíssa dos , Souza Rayne Oliveira , Ribas Tayná Buffulin , Silva Leonardo de Freitas , Reis Erik Neiva Ribeiro de Carvalho , Ponzoni Daniela , Dornelles Rita Cássia Menegati , Nakamune Ana Cláudia de Melo Stevanato , Chaves-Neto Antonio Hernandes 
Published: July 2020

Background: The aims of this study were the temporal analysis of salivary biomarkers of cellular damage and oxidative stress following of lower third molar surgical removal from healthy patient and without postoperative complications. Material and Methods: Three whole unstimulated saliva samples were collected from each of 17 patients (8 men, 9 women) before surgery, 1 and 7 days after lower third molar surgical removal using the expectoration (or 'spit') method. Salivary flow rate (SFR), pH, buffer capacity (BC) were measured, immediately after collection. The samples were centrifuged and the supernatants were stored in aliquots at -80°C until analysis. Salivary thiobarbituric reacting substances (TBARs), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), haemoglobin (Hb), total protein (TP), uric acid (UA), acid phosphatase (ACP), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)  were measured by spectrophotometric method.  Results: There were no significant differences between pre- and post-surgical SFR, pH, BC, or TP. One day after extraction were detected a significant increases in Hb, TBARs, ACP, TRAP, ALP, AST, ALT, and LDH activities, and decreases of UA and TAC levels were observed. Seven days after extraction, only AST (higher) remained increased compared to pre-surgical levels. Conclusions: The surgical removal of impacted lower third molars increases salivary biomarkers of cellular damage and oxidative stress, and decreases the TAC in the early postoperative. Considering these issues, our data open new perspectives of a possible use of these parameters as biomarkers for screening and monitoring of patients vulnerable to the development of postoperative complications.Descriptors: Saliva; Biomarkers; Oral Surgical Procedures; Oxidative Stress; Enzymes; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances.ReferencesMajid OW, Mahmood WK. Effect of submucosal and intramuscular dexamethasone on postoperative sequelae after third molar surgery: comparative study. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2011;49(8):647-52.Larjava H. Oral wound healing : cell biology and clinical management. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell; 2012. XVI, 408 p.pMohn CE, Steimetz T, Surkin PN, Fernandez-Solari J, Elverdin JC, Guglielmotti MB. Effects of saliva on early post-tooth extraction tissue repair in rats. Wound Repair Regen. 2015;23(2):241-50.Ozmeric N, Mollaoglu N, Elgun S, Devrim E. Impact of chlorhexidine mouth rinse use on postextraction infection via nitric oxide pathway. 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