bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effects of work readiness, organizational justice and professional identity on the work performance of new nurses: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Zhe Jiang , Su Yue , Meng Ran , Lu Guangli , Liu Shejuan , Chen Chaoran
Published: May 2024

Background:With the evolution of disease patterns and the continuous pursuit of persons for high-quality nursing services, new nurses are the reserve talents of the nursing team and shoulder a major mission. However, due to their low work performance and high turnover rate, this is not conducive to the stable development of nursing teams, and it is urgent to solve this problem. This study aimed to explore the relationship between work readiness and work performance as well as the mediating roles of organizational justice and professional identity in this relationship.
Method: A cross-sectional design was employed. From January to February 2023, 607 new nurses were surveyed at five hospitals in Henan Province, China. Work performance, work readiness, organizational justice and professional identity were assessed by the Work Performance Scale, the Work Readiness Scale for Graduate Nurses, the Organizational Justice Scale and the Professional Identity Rating Scale for Nurses, respectively. AMOS 26.0 was used for model drawing and mediation path testing, and SPSS 25.0 was used for data analysis. This study complies with the STROBE Statement of Observational Studies.
Results:Work readiness had a positive predictive effect on work performance of new nurses (r = 0.580, p ＜ 0.01); Organizational justice and professional identity play a chain mediatingrole in work readiness and work performance (β= 0.066).
Conclusions: The study highlights the importance of improving the work performance of new nurses. Organizational justice and professional identity can be used as mediating factors between new nurses’ work readiness and work performance. To improve new nurses’ work readiness, enhance organizational justice and improve professional identity and improve the work performance is conducive to stabilizing the nurse team, improving medical environment, stimulating new nurses to develop innovative ideas and contributing to the long-term development of the hospital.
Cost-effective approach for fabrication of high-quality expanded vermiculite for Alizarin red S removal from aqueous media
Authors: Thi Hoai Phuong Nguyen , Cao Phuong Anh , Han Duy Linh , La Duc D.
Published: May 2024

Vermiculite is widely used for various purposes, such as a hydroponic substrate, soil conditioning, oil cleaning, and trace metal pollution. In this work, natural vermiculite was facilely expanded using H2O2 with the assistance of microwave. Expanded vermiculite was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nitrogen adsorption isotherm (BET), and energy dissipation. X-rays (EDX). The resultant expanded vermiculite has flake-like structure with the surface area of 73.9 m2/g. Alizarin red S adsorption on expanded vermiculite was studied under variable conditions including pH, initial concentration, adsorbent content, and evolution time. The maximal adsorption capacity of Alizarin red S by expanded vermiculite reached 182.5 mg/g. Among the three adsorption isotherm models, the adsorption of Alizarin red S onto expanded vermiculite obeys both the Freundlich and Temkin models. For adsorption kinetics, the second-order adsorption kinetic model is more suitable than the first-order adsorption kinetic model with R2 = 0.8964.
On equal footing? The impact of informal interpreters on lifeworld integration and patient-centeredness in emergency consultations
Authors: Cox Antoon , Larocque Marianne Couillard , Dauby Nicolas , Leanza Yvan
Published: May 2024

Introduction – Patient companions (PCs) can have an ambiguous impact on the quality of communication during multilingual medical consultations and therefore on health outcomes. Studies of multilingual medical consultations have focused mainly on PCs’ role as interpreters, with less regard to other roles they may take up. This paper uses mixed methods to investigate PC role dynamics in multilingual PC-mediated consultations and how they affect the management of a patient’s Lifeworld, a crucial element for history taking and rapport building.
Methods – Nine recordings of multilingual PC-mediated consultations from a [city1] emergency department (ED), complemented with ethnographic notes and clinician interviews, were subjected to linguistic-ethnographic analysis and a codification of communication patterns and PC roles to explore the link between PC roles and Lifeworld management. PC roles were grouped into four stances (Linguistic agent, Lifeworld agent, System agent, and Principal). The communication patterns were grouped into three categories (“strictly medicine”, “Lifeworld included”, and “Lifeworld interrupted”).
Results – In ED consultations, patients’ Lifeworld frequently remains inadequately addressed, primarily due to physician interruptions. Significant associations are observed between roles taken up by PCs and the way patients’ Lifeworld is managed. Successful integration of Lifeworld aspects is best supported by PCs taking up the role of System agent, possibly because it allows them to link the Lifeworld directly to medical issues. Linguistic-ethnographic analysis reveals how language barriers, PC role changes and Lifeworld management strategies are taking shape organically (often implicitly) determined by a wide range of situational factors, such as the complexity of the topic, the available (non)verbal linguistic repertoire, the level of meta-communication, explicit role negotiation and timing.
Conclusion - Since poor Lifeworld management negatively impacts care, clinicians should be trained to detect and manage role dynamics and relevant situational factors in PC-mediated multilingual consultations to protect patients’ right to high-quality communication and healthcare.
Assessment of molecular and morphological dynamics during long-time in vitro cultivation of cryopreserved human ovarian tissue: risk of genetic alterations
Authors: Wang Wanxue , Todorov Plamen , Isachenko Evgenia , Rahimi Gohar , Merzenich Markus , Mallmann-Gottschalk Nina , Zhou Yang , Yao Jilong , Li Xuemei , Isachenko Volodimir
Published: May 2024

Cryopreservation of human ovarian tissue is a technology for protection of reproductive potential in patients undergoing aggressive anticancer treatments. This technology includes the following stages: saturation by permeable cryoprotectants, freezing, thawing, removal of cryoprotectants, and tissues in vitro or in situ culture. The aim of our investigations was the evaluation of genetic risks and molecular alterations in human ovarian tissue during in vitro culture. Ovarian tissue was frozen in 6% ethylene glycol and 6% dimethyl sulfoxide with speed of cooling 0.3°C/min and thawed at 100°C. After removal of cryoprotectants tissue fragments were in vitro cultured with the soluble extract of basement membrane protein (Matrigel) 3-D culture system for 7 days. Morphological and functional assessments were conducted using microscopic observation and RNA-Seq. Comparative analysis of tissue morphology before and after culture was performed with bioinformatics for gene expression and variant analysis, including functional annotation and study of protein-protein interaction. DNA and RNA analyses after cultivation indicated a rise in gene fusion and alternative splicing events, potentially affecting gene expression and cellular functions. It was concluded that long-time in vitro culture of human ovarian tissue results in substantial changes in its morphology and genetic alteration.
Synergistic effect of Sisal Fiber reinforcement and Boric acid cross-linking on the properties of PVA
Authors: Techane Wasihun , Belay Mezigebu , WoldeTinsay Mengsitu , Mekonen Menelik Walle
Published: May 2024

Plastics play a crucial role in modern human life. While plastics have versatile applications, they are mainly serving for packing purpose. Many of plastics made mare used for packaging application of petrochemicals derivatives. Even though, they fulfill most of the criteria’s as good packing materials, they are not biodegradable. This causes serious environmental pollution. As a result, biodegradable plastics have emerged as an alternative to conventional plastics. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is one of the biodegradable polymers that have potential applications for various purposes because of its availability, non-toxicity, and biodegradability. However, low tensile strength and high water absorption hinder its application. To overcome this drawback, locally extracted natural biodegradable sisal fiber was used as reinforcement. The sisal fiber was extracted from sisal plant found in Ethiopian highland. After the extraction of the fiber, 20% NaOH was used for treatment in order to enhance interfacial strength between the sisal fiber and the matrix. The Composites were made by mixing 0/100, 10/90, and 20/80 weight percent using the solution casting technique. In addition to this, a cross-linker (boric acid) was used ascrosslink with PVA chains. The water intake and degradation of the samples were studied. The result shows water intake of PVA was reduced from 170% for pure PVA to 32% for the synergy of 20% reinforcement and 5.68% w/w of cross-linker concentration. The degradation obtained in 63 days was 73% for 20% reinforcement and 5.68% w/w of cross-linker concentration. The synergetic effect between boric acid cross-linking, natural sisal fiber and PVA may responsible for reduction of water absorption and improved degradation rate.
Low-Dose Aspirin for the Prevention of Preeclampsia in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome：A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Luo Shouling , Pei Jiangnan , Yu Yi , Wang Chengjie , Liu Haiyan , Gu Weirong
Published: May 2024

Background: We set out to investigate whether low-dose aspirin (LDA) is helpful in avoiding preeclampsia (PE) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), given that data indicate that these people are more likely to develop PE.
Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of pregnancies with PCOS that delivered between January 1, 2018, and February 10, 2024 in our hospital. Clinical characteristics and obstetrical information were examined in the medical record. Propensity score matching (PSM) was utilized to analyze the association between LDA and PE.
Results: The study population consisted of 1522 PCOS pregnancies, 395 were at high risk of PE, including 98 took LDA for preventing PE and 297 who did not take LDA. After the PSM, there was no significant difference between the LDA group and no-LDA group in the risk of PE; Likewise, adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes did not differ between the two groups. None of the subgroup interaction tests were significant for the preventive impact of LDA on PE.
Conclusions: There was not enough evidence according to this cohort analysis to suggest that LDA can prevent PE in PCOS patients at high risk of PE.
Preferred Communication Techniques by Student Providers and Patients During Caries Management in a Teaching Practice: A Quality Improvement Study
Authors: Zhang Franklin , Xie Juanna , Chutinan Supattriya , Riedy Christine A.
Published: May 2024

Background Clear and concise communication between a provider and their patient is the cornerstone of establishing a trusting relationship and is a crucial component of effective medical and oral healthcare delivery. The aim of this quality improvement study was to examine patient-provider communication during caries risk assessment sessions within a dental teaching practice.Methods: Questionnaires were administered to student-providers (3rd and 4th years) and patients (age 18+) in the Harvard Dental Center Teaching Practice from July through December 2022.Results: They were completed by 34 student-providers (50% response rate) and 110 patients. Of those students who conducted the risk assessment session, most employed simple language (100%) and discussing limited concepts at a time (65.6%). Patients preferred simple language (54.8%), motivational interviewing (47.1%), and visual aids such as models and x-rays (40.4%) to comprehend concepts. A subset of student-providers (39.3%) acknowledged hurdles in motivating and effectively communicating with patients to alter their oral hygiene habits. Over half of the patients (55%) reported difficulty filling out forms individually. Less than a quarter of them responded correctly to all knowledge items pertaining to caries.Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of “soft skills” training that facilitates productive provider-patient communication within dental education, particularly in the context of a caries management approach.
AlgaeOrtho, a bioinformatics tool for processing ortholog inference results in algae
Authors: LaPorte Mary-Francis , Arora Neha , Clark Struan , Nag Ambarish
Published: May 2024

Background: Microalgae constitute a prominent feedstock for producing biofuels and biochemicals by virtue of their prolific reproduction, high bioproduct accumulation, and the ability to grow in brackish and saline water. However, naturally-occurring wild type algal strains are rarely optimal for industrial use. Bioengineering of algae is necessary to generate superior performing strains that can address production challenges in industrial settings, particularly the bioenergy and bioproduct sectors. One of the crucial steps in this process is deciding on a bioengineering target: namely, which gene/protein to differentially express. These targets are often orthologs which are defined as genes/proteins originating in a common ancestor in divergent species. Although bioinformatics tools for the identification of protein orthologs already exist, processing the output from such tools is non-trivial, especially for a researcher with little or no bioinformatics experience.
Results: The present study introduces AlgaeOrtho, a user-friendly tool that builds upon the SonicParanoid orthology inference tool and the PhycoCosm database from JGI (Joint Genome Institute) to help researchers identify orthologs of their proteins of interest in multiple diverse algal species. This tool includes an application with a user interface, to upload an ortholog protein group file (created using SonicParanoid), and a query file that includes their protein sequence(s) of interest in the FASTA format. The output generates a table of the putative orthologs of their protein of interest, a heatmap showing sequence similarity (%), and a tree of the putative protein orthologs. Notably, the tool would be instrumental in identifying novel bioengineering targets in different algal strains, including targets in not-fully-annotated algal species, since it does not depend on existing protein annotations.
Conclusions: We tested AlgaeOrtho using two case studies, for which orthologs of proteins relevant to bioengineering targets were identified from a range of algal species, demonstrating its ease of use and utility for bioengineering researchers. This tool is unique in the protein ortholog identification space as it can visualize putative orthologs, as desired by the user, across several algal species.
The Contribution of E3D Imaging Integrated with Robotic Navigation. Analysis of the First 80 Consecutive Posterior Spinal Fusion Cases.
Authors: Stewart Jeffrey J. , Asdourian Paul L. , Moatz Bradley M. , Soda Mosope T. , Lemma Mesfin A. , Brooks Daina M. , McAfee Paul C.
Published: May 2024

Eighty consecutive complex spinal robotic cases utilizing intraoperative 3D CT imaging (E3D, Group 2) were compared to 80 age -matched controls using the Excelsius robot alone with C-arm Fluoroscopic registration (Robot Only, Group 1). The demographics between the two groups were similar—severity of deformity, ASA Score for general anesthesia, patient age, gender, number of spinal levels instrumented, number of patients with prior spinal surgery, and amount of neurologic compression. The intraoperative CT scanning added several objective factors improving patient safety. There were significantly fewer complications in the E3D group with only 3 of 80 (4%) patients requiring a return to the operating room compared to 11 of 80 (14%) patients in the Robot Only Group requiring repeat surgery for implant related problems (Chi squared analysis = 5.00, p = 0.025). There was a significant reduction the amount of fluoroscopy time in the E3D Group (36 seconds, range 4 to 102 seconds) compared to Robot only group (51 seconds, range 15 to 160 seconds) (p = 0.0001). There was also shorter mean operative time in the E3D group (257 +/- 59.5 minutes) compared to the robot only group (306 ± 73.8 minutes) due to much faster registration time (45 seconds). A longer registration time was required in the Robot only group to register each vertebral level with AP and Lateral fluoroscopy shots. The estimated blood loss was also significantly lower in Group 1 (mean 345 ± 225 ml) vs Group 2 (474 ± 397 ml) (p = 0.012). The mean hospital length of stay was also significantly shorter for Group 1 (3.77 ± 1.86 days) compared to Group 2 (5.16 ± 3.40) (p = 0.022). There was no significant difference in the number of interbody implants nor corrective osteotomies in both groups—Robot only 52 cases vs. 42 cases in E3D group. Level of Evidence: IV, Retrospective review
Association of dairy intake with premature coronary artery disease development: Result of Iran Premature Coronary Artery Disease (IPAD) Study
Authors: Mohammadifard Noushin , Asadi Ali , Zarepur Ehsan , Paknahad Mohammad Hossein , Khosravi Alireza , Hassannejad Razieh , Kermani-Alghoraishi Mohammad , Sarrafzadegan Nizal
Published: May 2024

Background
Evidence has argued about the association between dairy intake and premature coronary artery disease (PCAD) development aimed to be discussed in this study.
Methods
This case-control study was conducted on 813 individuals with PCAD and 471 healthy controls. The diary intake of participants was assessed by a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Binary and ordinal logistic regression was applied to determine the association of dairy intake with PCAD and its severity, respectively.
Results
Compared to the first quartile, the highest quartile of total dairy consumption was associated with an increased risk of PCAD [ Odds ratio (OR):1.56; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.13, 2.14; P = 0.008] in the crude model. It was strengthened after full adjustment [OR: 2.44, 95% CI; 1.50,3.97; P < 0.001]. Both low-fat and high-fat dairy intake revealed no association with the risk of PCAD in the crude model. However, in the fully adjusted model, respectively highest quartile of high-fat and low-fat dairy intake had a relationship with a higher risk of SCAD. [(OR:1.68; 95%CI: 1.05,2.69; P-value for trend = 0.011) and (OR:1.99; 95%CI: 1.20,3.27; P-value for trend = 0.005). After adjustment for potential confounders, the most frequent intake of high-fat dairy was related to increased severity of PCAD (OR:1.84; 95%CI: 1.27,2.68), but not for total and low-fat dairy intake (OR:0.98; 95%CI: 0.67,1.44 and OR: 0.74; 0.51,1.07; respectively).
Conclusion
Dairy consumption regardless of its fat content was associated with increased risk for PCAD. The severe atherosclerotic manifestations in the coronary arteries were only associated with higher intake of high-fat dairy.
Evaluating the tolerability and acceptability of a locally produced alcohol-based handrub and hand hygiene behaviour among health workers in Sierra Leone: a hospital-based longitudinal intervention study
Authors: Fofanah Bobson Derrick , Kamara Ibrahim Franklyn , Kallon Christiana , Kamara Rugiatu , Nuwagira Innocent , Musoke Robert , Tengbe Sia Morenike , Lakoh Sulaiman , Korji Mustapha , Sheriff Bockarie , Maruta Anna , Katawera Victoria , Kamara Abibatu , Hailu Binyam Getachew , Kanu Joseph Sam , Makamure Tendai , Njuguna Charles , Kabego Landry
Published: May 2024

Background
Alcohol-based handrub (ABHR) is the gold standard for hand hygiene (HH) which is a cornerstone of infection prevention and control (IPC) strategies. However, several factors influence the efficient use of ABHR by health workers. This study evaluated the tolerability and acceptability of a locally produced ABHR product and HH behaviour among health workers.
Methods
A hospital-based, longitudinal, interventional study was conducted, adhering to WHO's standardized protocol for evaluating ABHR tolerability and acceptability (Method 1). 60 health workers across 4 hospitals in Sierra Leone were observed over a 30-days period on three separate visits (Day 1, 3–5, and 30) by trained observers. The outcomes of interest included skin tolerability, product acceptability, and HH practice evaluated using subjective and objective measures.
Results
Objective and subjective evaluations demonstrated strong skin tolerability and high satisfaction with the product. On all three visits, the skin tolerability score assessed by trained observers was < 2 in ≥ 97% of participants, exceeding the WHO benchmark score (BMS = < 2 in ≥ 75%). Participants' self-evaluation on overall skin integrity showed 97% (visit 2) and 98% (visit 3) for scores > 4 (BMS = > 4 in ≥ 75%). Primary acceptability criteria increased up to 95% (colour) and 88% (smell) in visit 3 (BMS = > 4 in ≥ 50%). Despite high acceptability, the product's drying effect remained low at 52% and 58% during visits 2&3 respectively (BMS = > 4 in ≥ 75%). There were positive HH behaviours (n = 53, 88%) with more than half (n = 38, 63%) of them performing HH in almost every HH moment. The mean consumption of ABHR was notably high (76.1ml, SD ± 35), especially among nurses (mean = 80.1ml) and doctors (mean = 74.0ml).
Conclusion
The WHO-formulated, locally produced ABHR was well tolerated and accepted by health workers. These findings support the continuous utilization of evidence-based, cost-effective hand hygiene interventions in resource-limited settings. High handrub consumption and frequent HH practices were noticeable HH behaviours, while forgetfulness and time constraints were major barriers to HH performance. Further research is recommended to optimize product formulation for skin dryness and investigate the association between ABHR consumption and hand hygiene compliance.
Comparative Analysis of ERCP and PTBD for Biliary Interventions for Readmission Rates and Patient Outcomes
Authors: Wang Daniel , Chang Patrick , Tintara Supisara , Chang Frederick , Phan Jennifer
Published: May 2024

Background
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) are interventions used to relieve biliary obstruction. The utility of ERCP compared to PTBD is not fully understood from a utilization outcome standpoint. Our study compares readmission rates and hospitalization outcomes in ERCP and PTBD.
Methods
Using the National Readmission Database (NRD) 2016–2020, we identified all patients with an ERCP or PTBD completed during admission. The study cohort was first analyzed by three weighted study arms including those admitted with cholangitis, biliary/pancreatic malignancy, and choledocholithiasis. Second, we analyzed the cohort by a 1:1, unweighted propensity match. Primary outcome was 30 day, 90 day, and 6 month readmission. Secondary outcomes were readmission/overall mortality, cost, and length of stay. Outcomes were analyzed using multivariate analysis.
Results
A total of 621,735 admissions were identified associated with 589,796 ERCP and 31,939 PTBD. In the propensity matched cohort, PTBD had a higher readmission rate at 30 days (20.38% vs 13.71% p < 0.0001), 90 days (14.63% vs 13.14%, p < 0.0001), but lower rate at 6 months (8.50% vs 9.67%, p = 0.0003). Secondary outcomes included increased PTBD-associated hospital length of stay (9.01 days vs 6.74 days, p < 0.0001), hospitalization cost ($106,947.97 vs $97602.25, p < 0.0001), and overall mortality (6.86% vs 4.35%, p < 0.0001). No major differences were found for mortality among readmissions at 30 days (7.19% vs 6.88%, p = 0.5382), 90 day (6.82% vs 6.51%, p = 0.5612), and 6 months (5.08% vs 5.91%, p = 0.1744).
Conclusions
Although both ERCP and PTBD had no major differences in mortality among readmissions, patients who had ERCP had lower readmission rates, length of stay, and overall mortality. While ERCP may be associated with a health systems benefit in routine indications, a multi-disciplinary approach may be of benefit for complex cases.
An Experimental evaluation of acute toxicity of Sodium Chloride against Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) larvae
Authors: sandhu komalpreet kaur , Singh Sujata
Published: May 2024

The prevalence of dengue, one of the most important mosquito-borne diseases, has increased more than eight-fold during the past two decades. The primary and most prevalent mosquito vector, Aedes aegypti L., is responsible for spreading viruses that cause dengue and other harmful diseases. Control of vectors is of particular concern to block dengue transmission. Different chemical measures used for vector control caused various environmental issues, mosquito resistance, resurgence, harmful impacts on non-target organisms increased attention towards cost-effective and environment-friendly control measures. Hence, the present study aimed to check the larvicidal potential of Sodium Chloride (NaCl) and examined its acute toxicity against 4th instar larvae of Ae. aegypti.Acute toxicity tests were conducted as per WHO guidelines. Different NaCl concentrations i.e., 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5% and 3.0% were prepared using pure NaCl along with distilled water. Larvicidal activity was assessed and toxicity values were computed using Log-Probit Method. Several morphological and behavioral alterations in treated Ae. aegypti larvae were also observed. Sixty percent larvae of Ae. aegypti died after exposing to 1.5% NaCl concentrations within 48 hours and larval mortality significantly increased up to ninety-seven and hundred percent after treatment with more than 2% NaCl solution within 24 and 48 hours respectively. Various ruptures were observed in abdomen and anal papillae along with abnormal behaviour in the treated larvae. Our study concluded that Sodium Chloride can be used as an effective and safe intervention in mosquito control programmes due to its easy availability and less toxicity.
Allogeneic ovarian transplantation promotes the recovery of ovarian function in a rat model of cisplatin-induced premature ovarian failure
Authors: Hao lin , Jia Qiucheng , Tian Nana , tang Huimin , Liu Gaoyuan , Li Yachai , Geng Min , Chen Wanying , Chen Jiming , Cai Zhihui
Published: May 2024

Objective
To investigate the effects of different sites of allogeneic ovarian transplantation on the recovery of ovarian function in the rat model of premature ovarian failure, and to evaluate its clinical value in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced ovarian dysfunction.
Methods
Thirty 2-month-old female SD rats of SPF grade were randomly divided into five groups, and both ovaries in the model group were treated with cisplatin (11 mg/kg) for modelling. After successful modelling, another 18 rats were taken as donor rats: group A was the control group, group B was the model group and group CDE was the experimental group. Ovary transplantation was performed using muscle, subcutaneous and renal peritoneum, respectively, and the rats were monitored for their general condition, estrous cycle and serum hormone levels after surgery. At the end of the observation period, the rats were executed and follicular development was observed.
Results
After 14 days of xenotransplantation, the general condition of the rats in the experimental group was better than that of the model group. Serum E2 and AMH levels were significantly higher than those in the model group (P = 0.000), and FSH levels were significantly lower than those in the control group (P = 0.000).
Conclusion
Cisplatin can be used to successfully establish the rat POF model; the three transplantation sites (muscle, subcutaneous and renal peritoneum) selected in this experiment can make the transplanted ovarian tissue survive and successfully restore the endocrine function of the body, and the effect of which showed no significant difference.
Glucose metabolism outcomes after pituitary surgery in patients with acromegaly
Authors: Pascual-Corrales Eider , Biagetti Betina , Marazuela Mónica , Asensio-Wandosel Diego , Berrocal Víctor Rodríguez , Echarri Ana Irigaray , Novo-Rodríguez Cristina , Calatayud María , Bernabéu Ignacio , Alvarez-Escola Cristina , Tenorio-Jiménez Carmen , Molero Inmaculada González , Iglesias Pedro , Blanco Concepción , Miguel Paz , Mezquita Elena López , Lamas Cristina , Aulinas Anna , Gracia Paola , Recio-Córdova José María , Sampedro-Nuñez Miguel , Paja Miguel , Rodríguez María Dolores Moure , Fajardo-Montañana Carmen , Cordido Fernando , Torre Edelmiro Menéndez , Percovich Juan Carlos , García-Centeno Rogelio , Cámara Rosa , Hanzu Felicia Alexandra , Delgado Almudena Vicente , Fernández Laura González , Guerrero-Pérez Fernando , García-Agulló María Dolores Ollero , Novoa-Testa Iría , Villar-Taibo Rocío , Valderrama Pamela Benítez , Galiana Pablo Abellán , Moreno Eva Venegas , De Lara Fernando Vidal-Ostos , Enseñat Joaquim , Aznar Silvia , Asla Queralt , Aviles Mariola , Puig-Domingo Manel , Araujo-Castro Marta
Published: May 2024

Aim: To investigate the impact of pituitary surgery on glucose metabolism and to identify predictors of remission of diabetes after pituitary surgery in patients with acromegaly.
Methods: A national multicenter retrospective study of patients with acromegaly undergoing transsphenoidal surgery for the first time at 33 tertiary Spanish hospitals (ACRO-SPAIN study) was performed. Surgical remission of acromegaly was evaluated according to the 2000 and 2010 criteria.
Results: A total of 604 acromegaly patients were included in the study with a total median follow up of 91 months (interquartile range [IQR] 45-163). At the acromegaly diagnosis, 23.8% of the patients had type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with a median glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of 6.9% (IQR 6.4-7.9). In the multivariate analysis, older age (odds ratio [OR] 1.02, 95% CI 1.00-1.05), dyslipidemia (OR 5.25, 95% CI 2.81 to 9.79), artropathy (OR 1.39, 95% CI 2.82 to 9.79), and higher IGF-1 levels (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.60) were associated with a greater prevalence of T2DM. At the last follow-up visit after surgery, 21.1% of the T2DM patients (56.7% of them with surgical remission of acromegaly) experienced diabetes remission. The cure rate of T2DM was more common in older patients (hazard ratio [HR] 1.77, 95% CI 1.31 to 2.43), when surgical cure was achieved (HR 2.10, 95% CI 1.01 to 4.37) and when anterior pituitary function was not affected after surgery (HR 3.38, 95% CI 1.17 to 9.75).
Conclusion: Glucose metabolism improved in patients with acromegaly after surgery and 21% of the diabetic patients experienced diabetes remission; being more frequent in patients of older age, and those who experienced surgical cure and those with preserved anterior pituitary function after surgery.
Smallholder Farmers Perception of Climate Change Trends in Ethiopia’s Upper Blue Nile Basin: Implication for Adaptation Strategies
Authors: Berhanu Assefa A. , Ayele Zewdu B. , Dagnew Dessalegn C. , Fenta Abeje B.
Published: May 2024

Climate change poses significant global threats, particularly for Sub-Saharan African countries such as Ethiopia. This research aimed to comprehensively evaluate climatic trends, smallholder farmers' perceptions of climate change and variability, the factors shaping these perceptions, and their implications for climate change adaptation strategies. To achieve this, data were collected from 646 randomly selected participants using a multi-stage random sampling method, alongside focus group discussions and interviews with key informants. Temperature data were sourced from the Google Earth platform "IDAHO_EPSCOR/TERRACLIMATE" website, while daily rainfall data were obtained from the "UCSB-CHG/CHIRPS/DAILY" website. Statistical analyses, including a modified Mann-Kendall test and Sen's Slope Estimator, were utilized to examine temperature and rainfall patterns. A probit model was employed to assess farmers' perceptions of climate change. The findings revealed a consistent annual rise in mean temperature across all three agroecologies (highland, lowland, and midland) in the region, with respective increases of 0.023°C, 0.020°C, and 0.024°C. Similarly, rainfall trends exhibited an increase of 2.37 mm/year, 2.18 mm/year, and 1.52 mm/year for the highland, lowland, and midland agroecologies, respectively. While most smallholder farmers perceived climate change in terms of rising temperatures, a notable disparity emerged between their perceptions of rainfall patterns and actual rainfall data. Critical factors influencing farmers' perceptions included livelihood diversity, land ownership, and access to climate information and training. The study emphasizes the significance of enhancing access to accurate climate information and promoting climate-smart agricultural practices among farmers across all agroecologies. Integration of climate change awareness campaigns into existing programs, with specific focus on landless farmers and those with limited livelihood options, is recommended
Gene Action and Combining Ability Estimation in Elite Sorghum [sorghum Bicolor (L) Moench] Inbred Lines in Dry Lowland Areas of Ethiopia
Authors: Begna Temesgen , Birhan Techale , Mindaye Taye
Published: May 2024

The success of a plant-breeding program greatly depends on the right choice of parents for hybridization and the gene action of different economic traits. Genetic variation is a key component in broadening gene pools in any given crop population and is critical to the success of yield improvement programs. However, limited genetic variation and a lack of potential parents and hybrids are the most limiting factors for improving sorghum in moisture-stressed areas.Therefore, this study was conducted to estimate the combining abilities and determine the gene action governing the quantitative traits for yield and its components using a line x tester mating design. The experimental materials consisted of fifteen parents along with their twenty-six hybrids and one standard check. The experiment was performedusing an alpha lattice design with two replications at Mieso and Kobo during the main cropping season of 2019. For all of the traits studied, the combined analysis of variance indicated highly significant variations due to genotype, indicating the presence of considerable genetic variation among genotypes. Inbred lines 3 and 4 were selected as the best general combiners for both days to flowering and plant height traits, while inbred lines 2 and 7 were identified as the best general combiners for stay green traits based on general combining ability analysis. Thousand-seed weight was greatest for general combiners in inbred lines 6, 10 and 12. The hybrid crosses 4x14, 8x15 and 11x14 were identified as the best specific combiners for grain yield, while the hybrid 1x15 was the mostspecific combiner for days to flowering, days to maturity, panicle length, panicle width and thousand-seed weight. The estimates of general and specific combining ability revealed the preponderance of nonadditivegene action since the ratio of general combining ability to specific combining ability was less than unity for all the traits under study except for plant height. Eventually, Inbred lines 4, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13 and hybrid crosses 4x14, 8x15, 1x15, 11x14, 11x15, 13x14, and 6x15 were found to be the most promising and potential genotypes that could be exploited commercially after critical evaluation for superiority and yield stability across locations over the years, based on combining ability estimates and the nature of gene action for grain yield and its components.
Saponification products in the process of cleaning waste water
Authors: Dordević Dani , Vítězová Monika , Vítěz Tomáš , Dordevic Simona , Hamšíková Monika , Kushkevych Ivan
Published: May 2024

The research work deals with the dynamics of saponification products and their interaction with microbial communities that thrive in both aerobic and anaerobic sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plants. A particular focus of this research is the potential of reutilising used cooking oils, which are normally waste, into a new product – soap. The study evaluates the efficacy of soap degradation within wastewater sludge, employing the respiration activity of microorganisms as a metric, with a specific focus on monitoring biological oxygen demand levels. Under anaerobic conditions, the degradation of soaps occurs, facilitating the generation of biofuels, notably methane, as a consequential by product of this biochemical process. The results of the study emphasise that the saponification products have no recognisable toxic effects on the microorganisms in the sewage sludge. Furthermore, the study emphasises the successful degradation of these products throughout the wastewater treatment process, confirming the biodegradation processes associated with such treatment methods. Consequently, the study emphasises the possibility of using saponification products as a valuable and economically viable resource to improve microbial respiration dynamics in wastewater treatment systems. Furthermore, their potential to increase the production of biofuels, especially methane, underlines their importance in promoting sustainable approaches to waste management and resource utilisation in the context of wastewater treatment.
Impact of the World Health Organization's Thinking Healthy Program (THP) on Maternal Depression, Lifestyle, and Delivery Method: An interventional Study in Iran
Authors: Botyar Maliheh , Moghaddam-Banaem Lida , Sadatmahalleh Shahideh Jahanian , Esmaeilinasab Maryam , Ahmadi Fazlollah
Published: May 2024

Background:Maternal depression during pregnancy and the postnatal period can have significant implications for both the mother and child. The Thinking Healthy Program (THP) has shown promise in addressing perinatal depression, but its impact on maternal well-being, delivery mode, and lifestyle in the Iranian context remains understudied.
Methods: This interventional study included 80 pregnant women in Tehran, Iran, divided into intervention and control groups. Depression levels were assessed using the Edinburgh and Beck questionnaires, with the intervention group receiving THP from health liaisons and the control group receiving routine care. The THP intervention comprised four modules conducted from the second trimester of pregnancy to six months post-delivery. Depression scores were evaluated at various time points, and delivery mode and health-promoting lifestyle were documented.
Results: At the end of pregnancy (first module), Edinburgh scores were 12.3±2.2 vs.15.81±2, and the Beck scores were 19±4 vs. 20±4 in the intervention and control groups respectively. At the end of the study, 6 months after birth, Beck scores were 9±4.3 vs. 10.6±3.3 in the intervention and control groups, respectively (all P-values<0.001). At all end points, depression scores were more improved in the intervention group. The lifestyle score at the end of the study was significantly higher in the intervention group (151±17 vs. 107±12) (P<0.001). Also, elective caesarean section was significantly lower in the intervention group (10% vs. 57.5%) (P-value: 0.001).
Discution: The implementation of THP in this study led to improved maternal well-being, as evidenced by reduced depression symptoms, positive impacts on lifestyle, and a lower rate of elective caesarean sections.
Conclusion:
These findings suggest the feasibility and benefits of integrating THP into the Iranian healthcare system to support pregnant women with depression and enhance maternal and child health outcomes.
Enhancing autologous Equine Therapy: Innovative 3D Culture Method for Muscle-derived Progenitor Cells (mdP-Cells)
Authors: Graide H. , Duysens J. , Franck T. , Mouithys-Mickalad A. , Niesten A. , Sandersen Charlotte , Ceusters J. , Serteyn D.
Published: May 2024

Musculoskeletal pathologies pose significant challenges in athletic horses, often leading to loss of function. The limited healing capacity of bone, joint, and tendon/ligament injuries, combined with the inefficacy of conventional treatments, underscores the need for innovative therapeutic strategies such as Mesenchymal Stem/Stroma Cells (MSCs). Conventional cell culture methods typically employ two-dimensional (2D) culture systems with adherent cells using fetal bovine serum. However, three-dimensional (3D) cell culture offers a more physiologically relevant milieu, closely resembling native tissue architecture and in vivo cell-cell interactions. This study introduces a novel approach for isolating muscle-derived progenitor cells in a 3D environment, utilizing an autologous plasma-based gel and an innovative cell retrieval solution. The muscle-derived progenitor cells cultured using this method exhibited immunomodulatory properties on lymphocyte T and trilineage differentiation and immunophenotyping akin to traditional MSCs. This simplified 3D culture technique holds promise for generating minimally manipulated autologous cell products tailored for musculoskeletal applications.
Isolation and characterization of renal protective compound from the leaves of the traditionally used medicinal plant Orthosiphon stamineus Benth
Authors: Natarajan venkatesan
Published: May 2024

Background: Around the world medicinal plants are a natural source of medications. They are essential to both conventional therapy and traditional medicine. In India, southern China, Malaysia, and Thailand, Orthosiphon stamineus Benth. is a traditional medication used to treat diabetes and chronic renal failure. This investigation aims to evaluate the nephroprotective properties of a compound that originates from an effective ethanolic extract of Orthosiphon stamineus. Methods: The renal protective effect of the extracts and the isolated compound was assessed using the HFD and STZ induced diabetes method and subjected to TLC, column, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, IR, and MS to characterize the isolated compound.
Results: An ethanol extract was found to lower the BUN and creatinine levels significantly (P < 0.05) in diabetic rats. Isolated compound (OS-1) caused a significant (P< 0.05) reduction in blood BUN nitrogen and creatinine levels, and additionally, it caused a reduction in blood glucose and cholesterol levels in nephritic rats.
Conclusion: The present study results reveal that tested plant extracts have potent renal protective effects due to the occurrence of phenols, flavonoids, and anthraquinones in the extract. Reduction in BUN, creatinine, blood glucose and cholesterol by an isolated compound (OS-1) indicates that OS-1 has renal protective activity, along with hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic potential, and provides a scientific rationale for its use as a renal protective agent.
Understanding experiences: A key element in the retention of cattle veterinarians
Authors: Cummings Dan
Published: May 2024

A key element in understanding the concerning trend of attrition in rural veterinary practice is to appreciate the potential factors driving this behavior. Recent graduates in rural veterinary prac­tice face numerous challenges derived from a variety of experi­ences. In this session, thought will be given to the challenges and opportunities encountered in rural practice, which were identi­fied through in-depth interviews of recent graduates.
Camelid anesthesia, castration and dentistry
Authors: Miller Blake
Published: May 2024

This presentation offers a comprehensive overview of essential veterinary procedures in camelids, including anesthesia pro­tocols, castration techniques and dental care. With a focus on field anesthesia, step-by-step guidance on castration, and com­mon dental issues and solutions, attendees will gain valuable insights into the practical aspects of camelid healthcare.
Emphasizing safety, effectiveness, and animal welfare, this ses­sion is designed to enhance the practitioner’s knowledge and skills in managing these unique and important aspects of cam­elid veterinary care.
Medical and surgical treatment of bloat in feedlot cattle
Authors: Behlke Eric
Published: May 2024

Feedlot cattle can be affected by either free-gas of frothy bloat. The etiology of these 2 disease processes is distinctly different, but both can result in death by asphyxiation if not identified and managed appropriately. Initially, medical management of bloat is recommended. However, if the condition persists over multiple days or occurrences, surgical management of the con­dition may be warranted.
Communication for a performance evaluation
Authors: Skeffington Megan
Published: May 2024

Annual performance reviews are often met with a lot of stress and anxiety. When the process is unstructured, it can intensify these feelings even more. Mastering communication skills, learning how to take feedback in an objective way and partner­ing with your manager is a recipe for success to co-create your professional development plan and take the fear and frustra­tion out of performance reviews.
AMAZON ACAI AND PINEAPPLE RESIDUES INDUCE THE ENZYME LACCASE IN Pleurotus ostreatus: APPLICATION TO BISPHENOL A BIOREMEDIATION
Authors: Golveia Jhessica , Nunes Elaine , Bulhões Thiago , de Oliveira Neto Jerônimo , da Cunha Luiz Carlos , Campos Luiza , Santiago Mariângela , Schimidt Fernando
Published: May 2024

Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disruptor used in different commercial polymers, is a persistent pollutant commonly found in effluents. Conventional wastewater treatment processes have low chemical removal efficiency and are expensive. This work evaluated BPA removal using laccase enzyme produced from white rot fungus Pleurotus ostreatus. For the enzymatic production, residues of acai berry and pineapple were used as laccase inducers. The use of natural inducers led to a high enzyme production (1139 and 1031 U mL-1 to acai and pineapple, respectively). Bisphenol A was removed to a concentration lower than LOD (limit of detection) after 4 h. The degradation mechanism of BPA occurred by oxidation of methyl to hydroxymethyl group in a propane portion, with breakdown of the aromatic ring. The developed technology brought to the scene a new green, viable methodology, using vegetable waste, adding value to these residues and bringing an alternative to the BPA treatment.
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF Amburana acreana Ducke A. C. Sm. LEAVES
Authors: Ferreira Adrianne , Aguiar Rosane , Brandão Hugo , Santos Rauldenis , de Freitas Humberto , Teles Catharine , Reis Joice , de Souza Jessica , Alves Clayton
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to isolate, purify and characterize secondary metabolites present in Amburana acreana leaves, native to the state of Rondônia, using classical chromatographic methods and 1D, 2D nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. From the hydroethanolic leaves extract of A. acreana, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, coumarin, campesterol 3-β-D-glucoside and amburoside B, all known compounds, were identified. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of isolation and chemical characterization of secondary metabolites in A. acreana. In addition, in vitro assays indicated that amburoside B does not have inhibitory potential on the growth of gram-negative bacteria. The presence of these compounds suggests that, thus far, amburosides (A and B) could be chemotaxonomic markers of the genus Amburana.