bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A nationwide prospective registry of endovascular thrombectomy for extra-large ischemic stroke with large vessel occlusion (XL STROKE): rationale and design
Authors: Yuan Guangxiong , Liu Lei , Liang Yong , Wu Junxiong , Nguyen Thanh N. , Wei Shuai , Cui Tao , Li Xiangdong , Yuan Zhengzhou , Liu Shudong , Zeng Guoyong , Ruan Zhongfan , Zheng Chong , Tan Xiaolin , Tang Songlin , Hao Haizhen , Xia Haiyan , Nogueira Raul G. , Thomalla Götz , Campbell Bruce , Saver Jeffrey L. , Yang Qingwu , Long Chen , Qiu Zhongming , Sang Hongfei ,   On behalf of the XL STROKE investigators
Published: February 2025

Introduction： The role of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for acute extra-large ischemic stroke patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) is uncertain. We aimed to explore the clinical and safety outcomes of medical management (MM) plus EVT (EVT group) versus MM alone (MM group) among acute extra-large ischemic stroke patients with LVO within 24 hours of last known well.
Methods： XL STROKE (endovascular thrombectomy for extra-large ischemic stroke) is an investigator-initiated, nationwide, prospective registry with blinded end point assessment performed at approximately 60 sites in China, and will enroll up to 990 acute ischemic stroke patients within 24 hours of last known well. Imaging inclusion criteria are occlusion of the internal carotid artery, or the middle cerebral artery M1 or M2 segments, and Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score of 0 to 2 or an ischemic-core volume ≥85ml. All patients will be dichotomized into EVT group and MM group according to whether they received EVT or not. The primary outcome is the level of disability on the modified Rankin Scale at 90±14 days. Safety outcomes include symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage within 48 hours, and mortality at 90±14 days.
Conclusion： Results from XL STROKE registry will provide constructive evidence of improved disability outcomes and safety with EVT for acute extra-large ischemic stroke patients with LVO within 24 hours of last known well.
Trial registrations: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT06210633
Upadacitinib for Alopecia: Current Evidence and Clinical Insights
Authors: Stirrat Thomas , Thakker Sach , Bejugam Deeptha , Goh Carolyn , Lipner Shari R.
Published: February 2025

Background:
Upadacitinib, a selective Janus kinase (JAK) 1 inhibitor, has demonstrated promising efficacy in alopecia areata (AA), particularly in patients unresponsive to conventional therapies. As JAK inhibitors gain prominence, understanding upadacitinib’s role in AA management is critical.
Summary:
This scoping review synthesizes data from 24 publications, including 64 alopecia areata (AA) patients treated with upadacitinib (15–45 mg daily). Most patients experienced substantial or complete hair regrowth within 1–4 months. The most common AA subtypes included alopecia universalis (n=28), ophiasis (n=15), and alopecia totalis (n=8). Upadacitinib was generally well tolerated, with mild adverse events such as transient acneiform eruptions, leukopenia, and creatine phosphokinase elevations. Many patients with comorbid autoimmune conditions, such as atopic dermatitis (59.4%) and inflammatory bowel disease, also reported improvement. Despite these promising findings, limitations include small cohort sizes, variability in prior treatments, and reliance on case reports. Two ongoing studies are underway: a U.S. Phase 3 clinical trial (M23-716) assessing long-term efficacy and safety, and a real-world observational study in China (NCT06573593) comparing upadacitinib with other JAK inhibitors. These studies underscore the need for larger, controlled trials to establish standardized treatment protocols and long-term safety outcomes.
Hyaluronic Acid Binding Peptide Regulates Extracellular Matrix Deposition And Diminishes Fibroblast Contractility
Authors: Blake Beth , Ponwith Whitney Ann , Rischka Klaus , Wiesing Martin , Ozdemir Tugba
Published: February 2025

Fibroblasts are central to variety of homeostatic events such as wound healing and tissue regeneration. However, their pathologic activation is thought to play roles in a variety of diseases not only limited to fibrosis, foreign body reaction, scleroderma but also cancer metastasis. Biophysical properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM) deposited by an activated fibroblast determine whether there is a pro-regenerative or scarring response. Compared to aged fibroblasts, embryonic fibroblasts were shown to deposit a pro-regenerative ECM characterized by early hyaluronic acid (HA) deposition and increased levels of pro-regenerative collagens such as type III collagen. Since HA is also a regulator of collagen organization, we propose that early accumulation of HA by fibroblasts can facilitate a pro-regenerative matrix formation. Given that the molecular weights of HA present in pro-regenerative matrix are higher than synthetic HA, we strategize attracting HA synthesized by fibroblasts. In this study, we used a synthetic peptide sequence known to have affinity to HA as a strategy to instruct fibroblasts to retain HA on the surface. We hypothesized that hyaluronic acid binding peptide (HABP) may instruct fibroblast endogenous HA deposition onto functionalized surfaces. We functionalized silica glass surfaces with HABP using aminoorganosilane mediated chemisorption and screened primary human dermal fibroblasts (hDF) for cell morphology, cytoskeletal arrangement, and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression. Our results show HABP treated surfaces retain higher levels of HA on silica glass compared to control surfaces on fibroblast derived matrices. Analysis of α-SMA shows increased α-SMA expression on hDFs and increased stress fiber formation. HABP treated surfaces were found to have reduced α-SMA expression. The physical features of collagen fibers deposited by fibroblasts were also organized differently in the presence of HABP. We propose that HABPs are a potentially viable strategy to instruct pro-regenerative fibroblasts and can be used therapeutically to treat fibrotic diseases.
Granulomatous Mastitis is not as benign as you might think. What doctors need to know about the lived experience of people with this rare disease.
Authors: McNaughton-Cassill Mary , Torres Joseph , Pahl Sandra , Cassill Carolyn
Published: February 2025

Introduction
Granulomatous Mastitis (GM) is a rare, benign disease characterized by painful inflammation, and abscesses typically on only one breast. Treatments include antibiotics, steroid treatments, and surgery, but there is no cure. The current study was designed to assess patient perceptions of living with the disease and what they would like physicians to know about their needs.

Methods
The advent of the internet has enabled patients with rare conditions to reach out to support each other. Participants on a GM patient only Facebook site were asked if they would be willing to complete an anonymous survey regarding their experiences living with the disease. They completed a demographic survey, as well as measures of their pain and discomfort, psychological state and social support.

Results
The results indicated that patients with GM believe they need more help managing their pain discomfort and fatigue. They also report significant levels of depression and anxiety suggesting that they could also benefit from more psychological support.

Discussion
Living with this painful, disfiguring disease for which there is no cure has a negative impact on people’s mental and physical well-being. Practitioners who treat people with GM should consider providing their patients with specific pain management options, strategies for coping with fatigue and referrals to mental health practitioners who specialize in coping with chronic disease. Such efforts would help to improve patient’s quality of life and ability to cope with this “benign” but life altering disease.
Pressupostos, salvo engano, de uma divergência nada silenciosa: Natividade, Abel Barros Baptista e Roberto Schwarz
Authors: Saldanha Fabio Pomponio
Published: February 2025

we'll discuss points made by Roberto Schwarz and Abel B. Baptista, based on the outside/inside dichotomy, around Machado's criticism and the evaluation of the “foreigner's” place. The importance of the local and its overcoming is debated in order to think about a certain posture that is constructed as restrictive and as excluding for both: if, in Schwarz, this appears as the primacy of the national, in Baptista it is his version of hospitality that makes his assumptions aporetic, when thinking about comparatism. Finally, our conclusions return to Schwarz, when we note the hijacking of a name (Gayatri C. Spivak) and, by paraphrasing some of the Spivak's points, we seek to demonstrate that it is possible to unite, in a way that both Schwarz and Baptista do not agree on, the theories that both try to defend as the only possible ones for analysis because, in Spivak, we often see the exact combination of comparatism and Marxism for argumentative construction.
Sinéad Gleeson and Ecocriticism: An Irish Female Voice Responds to the Brazilian Landscape
Authors: Nogueira Nicea , Redmond Beatriz
Published: February 2025

Em uma série de 23 textos curtos sobre impressões de viagem de uma irlandesa na primeira experiência na América do Sul, a escritora Sinéad Gleeson apresenta sua perspectiva sobre a natureza, a cultura, a língua e a literatura do Brasil em seu ensaio “Eu sei o que é primavera: Clarice, crônicas e Corcovado” (2021). Esse texto foi traduzido para a língua portuguesa por Maria Rita Drumond Viana em 2023 e foi incluído na edição brasileira de Constellations: reflections from life (2019). Gleeson relata a viagem que fez para Santa Catarina e Rio de Janeiro em 2018, destacando como percebeu semelhanças com a Irlanda, especialmente no que concerne à religião, e como se sentiu bem-vinda e confortável em terras tropicais. Mesmo quando menciona Clarice Lispector, Gleeson compreende a escritora em relação a personagens não humanos na paisagem brasileira. Este estudo pretende evocar a apreciação do mundo humano e não humano feita por Gleeson a partir da perspectiva da ética ambientalista ecofeminista. Pela Ecocrítica observar a presença da natureza e seus elementos influenciando o significado da obra literária, propomos uma leitura interpretativa e subjetiva do ensaio de Gleeson e como suas descrições da natureza podem ter significados além do texto.
A semiótica pode contribuir para a compreensão da moda?
Authors: Abrão Jorge
Published: February 2025

En "¿Es la moda un síntoma de la cultura?", Lucia Santaella nos ofrece una obra que explora la profunda intersección entre moda y cultura desde una perspectiva semiótica peirceana. La autora, conocida por sus estudios en semiótica y comunicación, investiga cómo la moda trasciende su papel como prenda de vestir y se convierte en una expresión compleja y multifacética de la sociedad. A través de un apasionante enfoque teórico, Santaella analiza las dinámicas culturales, sociales e históricas que dan forma a la moda contemporánea.
Transformações nas percepções sobre publicidade: relato de uma experiência docente sobre as possíveis influências do ensino superior
Authors: Ferreira Dôuglas Aparecido
Published: February 2025

Este estudo analisa as mudanças nas percepções de alunos de publicidade após um semestre de ensino superior. O artigo explora como os conteúdos e as metodologias pedagógicas podem ter influenciado a compreensão dos estudantes sobre o campo publicitário. A análise categoriza as percepções dos alunos em quatro perspectivas: mercadológica, persuasiva, promocional e social. Conclui-se que as características que marcam a formação superior de publicidade no Brasil podem ser percebidas na fala dos alunos, o que demonstra uma relação entre o ensino e a mudança de perspectiva sobre o assunto.
A inteligência artificial na saúde: caminhos para sua regulação
Authors: Dib Caio Caesar
Published: February 2025

Vive-se um “inverno da inteligência artificial”: ao mesmo tempo em que a humanidade presencia avanços significativos das capacidades técnicas da inteligência artificial, seus benefícios estão aquém daqueles aspirados pela sociedade — e frequentemente parecem ser superados pelas desvantagens. Esse cenário de desconfiança em relação à inteligência artificial é contemporâneo a uma disputa sobre quais atores devem ser responsáveis por sua regulação. A saúde vem sofrendo reflexos profundos desse debate, em virtude do papel cada vez mais proeminente dessas tecnologias e de ser um setor fortemente regulado. O presente artigo buscou explorar os caminhos para a regulação da inteligência artificial na saúde, considerando a urgência da proteção dos direitos fundamentais frente ao surgimento de novas tecnologias e o relativo fracasso de estratégias que priorizaram a autorregulação. Partiu-se de uma exposição dos riscos associados à adoção da inteligência artificial na saúde para, em seguida, analisar sentidos para a estratégia regulatória do setor, à luz de uma teoria geral da regulação. Optou-se por uma abordagem indutiva, fundamentando-se na pesquisa bibliográfica e documental a fim de identificar diretrizes para a regulação da inteligência artificial na saúde. Três princípios mostraram-se imperativos para sua construção: (i) a difusão do conhecimento, por meio de deveres informacionais e procedimentais das organizações que detêm e utilizam essas tecnologias; (ii) a função social da propriedade, compreendida como fator limitador a potenciais violações de valores e interesses sociais; e (iii) o incentivo à cooperação entre os atores, mediante marcos regulatórios que garantam os princípios anteriores, promovam a concorrência e estimulem a autorregulação em caráter complementar.
Camus, Lourenço Mutarelli, Ionesco e Jesus Kid entram num bar: diálogos do absurdo
Authors: Santos Douglas Eraldo dos
Published: February 2025

In this work, we set out to reflect on the presence of the absurd in Lourenço Mutarelli's literature. We our discussions start from the dialog established between the narrative of Jesus Kid (2021) and the concept of the absurd discussed by Albert Camus in O mito de Sísifo (1942).
Sob os pés, meu corpo inteiro (2018), de Márcia Tiburi, e A nova ordem (2019), de Bernardo Kucinski: leituras distópicas do Brasil contemporâneo
Authors: Guizzo Antonio Rediver , Oliveira Angélica Meirelles , Pereira Edriani Backes
Published: February 2025

Neste artigo, analisamos comparativamente dois romances distópicos brasileiros contemporâneos, A nova ordem (2019), de Bernardo Kucinski, escrito antes da pandemia de Covid-19 e logo após o início do governo de Jair Bolsonaro, figurando caricaturalmente o destino de um país sequestrado por forças antidemocráticas e movido por um projeto nacional liderado pelos interesses de militares, evangélicos e do agronegócio; e Sob os pés, meu corpo inteiro (2018), de Márcia Tiburi, em que, através de um diálogo entre o passado ditatorial e a ascensão da extrema direita ao poder, figura uma São Paulo assolada pela devastação ambiental e aterrorizada pela violência de um governo totalitário. A partir de diferentes autores que estudam o fenômeno do crescimento do gênero distópico na contemporaneidade e suas causas, observamos que ambas as obras analisadas poderiam ser consideradas novelas de intervenção (como Kucinski define seu romance), visto que, frente a ascensão de um governo com características autocráticas no país, os romances se utilizam amplamente de elementos do mundo extratextual para aproximar os enredos do presente e do cotidiano vivenciados pelos leitores e, assim, contextualizar o teor crítico da narrativa e promover uma reflexão a materialidade histórica em que vivemos.
O peregrino inadvertido: uma leitura simbólica da trajetória de Samuel em A cabeça do santo, de Socorro Acioli
Authors: Santos Ianny Carolynne , Pelinser André Tessaro
Published: February 2025

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a trajetória do protagonista de A cabeça do santo, de Socorro Acioli, enquanto uma peregrinação inadvertida. Para isso, examina-se a condição inicial de estrangeiridade de Samuel e o seu abrigo na cabeça de uma estátua de santo como uma experiência que altera sua percepção de si mesmo e do mundo. A análise é desenvolvida a partir da obra de Chevalier e Gheerbrant (2001), Mircea Eliade (1987), Julia Kristeva (1991) e Tomaz Tadeu da Silva (2000). Constata-se que Samuel passa a aceitar sua religiosidade, abandona sua estrangeiridade e encontra pertencimento.
Expressões metarromanescas em Machado de Assis: o caso do Memorial de Aires
Authors: Alves Ghabriel Ibrahim Ermida Tinoco
Published: February 2025

The article propones echoes of a theory of the novel by Machado de Assis based on his own novelistic work, emphasizing his last novel, the Memorial de Aires. As such, after performing a critical revision specially from his Second Fase works and establishing from this moment a relation between those and certain propositions by Schlegel, the article aims to analyze, focusing on the formal specificity of a fictional diary (as is the case with the Memorial), suggestions about the concept of fiction itself underlying Machado’s corpus. The article engages critically with Blanchot’s theory on the intimate diary and brings upon a reading on the constant quotations from Shelley throughout the novel with the intention of articulating such recurrence to a particularly Machadian way of dealing with questions such as truth, lie, fiction and dissimulation.
Chronos kai Anagke: diálogos entre Guimarães Rosa e a Antiguidade
Authors: Albuquerque Isabella
Published: February 2025

The short story “Chronos kai Anagke” presents to the average reader with an enigmatic and challenging title. The expression is a transliteration of the Greek, which Guimarães Rosa translates as “Time and destiny”: this initial translation is our starting point. The writer from Minas Gerais presents a narrative that interweaves elements of literary forms that weave enigma, mystery and oracles. The estrangement present in this narrative allows a dialogue with such figures that encompass predictions, omens and sphinx threats, using symbolic entities from antiquity that range from the modern fantastic, proposed by Rosa, to the mythical and wonderful narratives of the ancient world. In addition to possible intertextuality, this article proposes an approximation between the Rosian character Zviazline and some literary and mythical characters, namely, Macbeth and his witches, Paris, Achilles and Oedipus, who were faced with dilemmas that altered the course of their existence such as the protagonist Rosiana. The fate of these characters from Antiquity and Zviazline seems to converge on the idea of the inescapable, the inevitable, the tragic. For the discussion, we summon Aristotle and Todorov with a view to studying the fantastic and Homer and Ovid for the study of narratives from the ancient world.
Os cactos e os titãs: a produção do conceito de “sertão”
Authors: Carvalho João Pedro de
Published: February 2025

O conceito “sertão”, geralmente empregado para se referir a determinados espaços do Brasil caracterizados pela distância das grandes cidades, por uma paisagem de seca, por condições políticas de violência e miséria e por um contexto de cultura folclórica e religiosa, trata-se de uma construção cultural. Sendo assim, a literatura desempenhou um importante papel no seu desenvolvimento, com destaque para o nome de Euclides da Cunha. No momento de escrita de Os sertões, no entanto, o escritor contava com poucas referências teóricas e artísticas que lhe oferecessem uma tradição de como estetizar a paisagem das caatingas e a cultura sertaneja. Então, ao estar em Belo Monte e escrever sua principal obra, Euclides desenvolveu procedimentos para simbolizar, de maneira inédita, aquele espaço, buscando inspirações no cientificismo do século XIX, na estética classicista dos primeiros cronistas do “Novo Mundo”, bem como carregando Os sertões de um “adjetivismo” tipicamente barroco. É objetivo deste artigo investigar como o escritor desenvolveu maneiras de se abstrair o sertão e, também, como seu livro instituiu certas convenções literárias a partir das quais o espaço e a cultura sertaneja passaram a ser tradicionalmente simbolizados.
O bem-amado e o corpo em disputa na obra de Dias Gomes
Authors: Figueira Felipe Gonçalves
Published: February 2025

The present study begins with an analysis of the text O bem-amado (2019) by the Salvadoran author Dias Gomes, focusing on discourses surrounding the body as techniques of political domination. This text highlights the political trajectory of Odorico Paraguaçu, from his speech addressing the impoverished body of Mestre Leonel, through his election as mayor, to his downfall as he attempts to politically seize the body of one of the Cajazeiras sisters to create his macabre spectacle. The essay seeks to interpret the play using a dialogic methodology as a fundamental path to establish an aesthetic connection with Dias Gomes, Odorico Paraguaçu, and the other inhabitants of Sucupira. The reflection is constructed on how the control over the body of the poor worker was a primary condition for Odorico's political actions, and how his attempt to dominate Dulcineia Cajazeiras's body triggers his demise. For the historical contextualization of the social actors in dispute, references are made to Victor Nunes Leal (2012) and José Murilo de Carvalho (1997).
Águas de vida e de morte no Recife velho: alegoria e história em “No Riacho da Prata”, de Gilberto Freyre
Authors: Pereira João Batista , Silva João Lucas Souza da , Morais Gabriel Rodrigues de
Published: February 2025

Este artigo visa analisar o conto “No riacho da Prata”, de Gilberto Freyre. Norteado por reflexões de Benjamin (1987), Grawunder (1996), Quintiliano (1836), Hansen (2006), Auerbach (1997), Goethe (2005), Todorov (2014) e Cascudo (2012; 2015), buscou-se identificar o sobrenatural no relato ressaltando como crendices da cultura oral nordestina são transfiguradas literariamente. Condicionado pela abordagem dialética, adotamos a água como categoria analítica, enfocada sob as óticas da purificação, propiciada pelos banhos, e das suas funções mágicas. Com a leitura alegórica revisitamos essas práticas na história e entendemos como se estruturaram as relações sociais, religiosas e místicas nas festas de São João em Recife. Com a interseção entre mitos antigos, relatos cristãos e a conotação profana na origem dos banhos, percebemos a influência das culturas africana e indígena nesses ritos entre os habitantes da capital pernambucana. Ademais, o caráter mágico das águas ressalta faces do sincretismo religioso recifense, por prenunciar a vida e a morte através de simpatias e adivinhações, conforme vivenciado pela protagonista da narrativa freyriana. Concluímos que a representação desses cultos se mostrou como uma expressão social em declínio, cujo valor pôde ser restituído neste trabalho, ao recuperar os significados dos banhos e das funções mágicas das águas no Nordeste.
Busca
Authors: Deus Flávio Rocha de
Published: February 2025

Creative writing.
Variações Cabralinas
Authors: Souza Jorge Luiz Lima de
Published: February 2025

Três poemas (Sertão, Peixe e Didática) inspiradas no nordeste brasileiro, compostas a partir de variações estilísticas inspiradas em João Cabral de Melo Neto.
Entrevista com Érika Santos e Richard Plácido
Authors: Almeida Magno da Guarda , Motta Lucas Branco de Araujo , Fernandes Ana Clara da Costa Carvalho
Published: February 2025

Entrevista com a poeta, pesquisadora e livreira Érika Santos, explorando sua relação profunda com a escrita, que transcende o mundo das leituras e se entrelaça com os sentidos da vida. Érika compartilha como a escrita emerge de suas vivências, conexões com a natureza, memórias ancestrais, transformando-se em uma prática que une o pessoal e o universal, um caminho para compreender e expressar a complexidade da vida.
Sex Differences in the Participation in Secondary Prevention Stroke Studies
Authors: Moelgg Kurt , Karisik Anel , Buergi Lucie , Carcel Cheryl , Christensen Hanne , Silva Gisele Sampaio , Dejakum Benjamin , Komarek Silvia , Domig Lena , Rinner Heinrich , Granna Julian , Willeit Karin , Willeit Johann , Pechlaner Raimund , Boehme Christian , Mayer‐Suess Lukas , Toell Thomas , Kiechl Stefan , Knoflach Michael
Published: February 2025

Background

Women show higher age‐standardized mortality rates for ischemic stroke. Nevertheless, women are underrepresented in secondary stroke prevention trials. Our analysis investigated contributors to reduced study participation among women in a comprehensive stroke center in Austria.

Methods

The population‐based Tyrolean Stroke Pathway database was used to describe sex distribution in patients with ischemic stroke in the region and at the study site. Screening logs from 3 secondary stroke prevention studies at the Medical University of Innsbruck were analyzed containing information on age, self‐reported sex, and causes for nonparticipation. Binary and multinomial logistic regression were performed to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs.

Results

Women constituted 45.6% of all patients with ischemic stroke in the federal region and 43.1% at the study site. Of 4511 patients screened, 68.1% were included in at least 1 stroke trial, 39.5% of whom were female. Screened women were older than screened men, median age (interquartile range) of 76 (66–83) versus 72 (61–80) years. Women showed higher odds than men of receiving comfort terminal care (OR, 1.53 [95% CI, 1.14–2.05]), being unable to provide informed consent (OR, 1.95 [95% CI, 1.54–2.47]) due to aphasia (OR, 2.79 [95% CI, 1.91–4.06]) or cognitive impairment (OR, 1.96 [95% CI, 1.30–2.95]), and being ineligible for study participation based on inclusion and exclusion criteria (OR, 1.28 [95% CI, 1.04–1.58]). When adjusting for age, women were not more likely than men to refuse study participation (OR, 1.09 [95% CI, 0.84–1.43]).

Conclusions

Female sex was associated with higher odds of exclusion from studies due to comorbidities and more severe neurological deficits. However, in our analysis women were not more likely to refuse study participation.
Invalid Trials Are Not Required to Observe Neural Correlates of Object-based Attention in Retinotopic Visual Cortex
Authors: Lytchenko Taissa K. , Maechler Marvin , Heller Nathan , Saleki Sharif , Tse Peter , Caplovitz Gideon P.
Published: February 2025

A central debated question in the study of object-based attention (OBA) is whether attention to the object-mediated deployment of attention is obligatory and automatic [Chen, Z., & Cave, K. R. Reinstating object-based attention under positional certainty: The importance of subjective parsing. Perception & Psychophysics, 68, 992–1003, 2006] or whether the pattern of results is driven by other non-obligatory factors, such as prioritization of invalid target locations [Shomstein, S., & Yantis, S. Object-based attention: Sensory modulation or priority setting? Perception & Psychophysics, 64, 41–51, 2002]. However, virtually all behavioral measures attributed to OBA are based on examining performance on invalid-cue trials, the inclusion of which confounds the assessment of the automaticity hypothesis. Our approach to resolve this issue is to determine whether effects of OBA can be observed in a 100% valid cueing paradigm. In this article, we investigate the obligatory nature of OBA by leveraging the spatial specificity of fMRI and the retinotopic organization of early visual cortex. We aimed to identify potential neural correlates of OBA in the complete absence of invalid trials. Participants perform a version of the classic two-rectangle OBA paradigm while simultaneously measuring changes in BOLD signals arising from retinotopically organized cortical areas V1, V2, and V3. In the first half of the experiment, we used the classic two-rectangle OBA paradigm except that the cue was 100% valid. In the second half, we reduced cue validity to more closely match standard OBA paradigms (runs containing invalid trials). We analyzed BOLD signals arising from our ROIs in V1, V2, and V3 according to their topographic correspondences with the ends of the rectangles in the visual field and compared these. We then compared responses in each ROI according to where the cue had occurred (cued, uncued-same-object, uncued-other-object location). We replicated this procedure in Experiment 2, but changed the layout of the two rectangles from a vertical to a horizontal configuration. Critical result: We observed statistically significant effects of OBA in V3 (Experiment 1) and V1–2 (Experiment 2) in both the 100% valid runs and in runs containing invalid trials. Moreover, the effects of OBA were no smaller in the 100% runs compared with runs containing invalid trials. Conclusion: We see BOLD modulation at the uncued locations consistent with neural correlates of OBA.
Pro-environmental and Prosocial Decisions Share Neural Correlates
Authors: Corbi Zarah Le Houcq , Taşkıran Didem , Soutschek Alexander
Published: February 2025

Previous evidence suggests a link between pro-environmental decisions and prosociality, but it remains unknown whether pro-environmental and prosocial decisions rely also on common neural mechanisms. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the neural correlates of pro-environmental decisions overlap with brain regions involved in prosociality, including the TPJ. To test this hypothesis, we used fMRI on 35 healthy participants performing pro-environmental and prosocial decision tasks as well as a control task for future-oriented decisions. As expected, pro-environmental and prosocial decision-making showed overlapping neural activation in regions belonging to the mentalizing network, including the TPJ. In addition, the TPJ moderated the attitude–behavior gap: Increasing TPJ activation was associated with lower attitude–behavior gaps. Taken together, our findings provide insight into the neurocognitive processes of pro-environmental decision-making by suggesting that pro-environmental decisions share neural correlates with prosocial decisions and by elucidating the role of the TPJ in the attitude–behavior gap.
A new species of Sistotremastrum (Sistotremastrales, Basidiomycota) from subtropical China
Authors: HOU LI-XIN , LI XIANG-LIN , LUO KAI-YUE , DAI YU-CHENG , YUAN YUAN , ZHOU MENG
Published: February 2025

The species of Sistotremastrum are wood decay fungi, distributed worldwide. During a survey of fungi in mixed forests in Guizhou and Zhejiang Provinces, China, a new species, Sistotremastrum massonianum was described based on morphological characteristics and molecular evidence. Morphologically, this new species is characterized by farinaceous basidioma, grandinoid to odontoid hymenial surface, basidia with four sterigmata and narrowly ellipsoid to broadly cylindrical basidiospores 3.3–4.8 × 2.1–2.8 µm. The two-gene (ITS+nLSU) analysis of the genus Sistotremastrum indicated that S. massonianum represents a significantly supported monophyletic group, which is clustered with S. aculeatum, S. aculeocrepitans, S. denticulatum, and S. geminum.
10. Field work safety and risk assessment
Authors: Miesen Floreana
Published: February 2025

Fieldwork involves unique safety challenges including environmental, operational and social hazards. Unlike laboratory settings with established protocols, fieldwork safety requires adaptive and comprehensive strategies to assess and manage risks. This chapter introduces structured safety planning, emphasising proactive and reactive safety measures, and suggests adapting the industrial bow tie models to a fieldwork context. Key elements include thorough planning, specialised training, and appropriate equipment. By integrating these components, field teams can enhance their preparedness and ensure safer research activities.
15. ‘A hydrologist and a rhetorician walk into a workshop,’ or How we learned to collaborate on a decade of mixed-methods river research across the humanities and biophysical sciences
Authors: Booth Eric G. , Gottschalk Druschke Caroline
Published: February 2025

We share our story of collaboration with each other and with communities in southwestern Wisconsin's Driftless Area to better understand the social-ecological processes that enhance resilience to flooding. Our mixed methods approach – including semi-structured interviews and biophysical monitoring and modelling – emphasizes open communication, draws on complementary (but not duplicative) skill sets, is grounded in ethics and care, is advanced through shared and sensible risk-taking, and responds flexibly and creatively to changing conditions in the landscape. We argue that 1) community-engaged interdisciplinary research is essential to working towards better community outcomes, 2) interdisciplinarity involves, honors, and emerges from not just different disciplines but different epistemologies, and 3) the best mixed methods work is synthetic in that it is greater than the sum of its parts and flexibly adapts to emerging problems and ethical connections to community members.
43. Survey and questionnaire methods
Authors: Winata Fikriyah , McLafferty Sara L.
Published: February 2025

This chapter introduces the basics of survey research including questionnaire design, ethical issues, and strategies for administering surveys and minimizing bias. Strengths and weaknesses of online survey methods are discussed.
When Breaking the Law Gets You the Job: Evidence from the Electronic Dance Music Community
Authors: Li Xu , Ody-Brasier Amandine
Published: February 2025

Why would a law-abiding occupational community support members engaged in legally prohibited actions? We propose that lawbreaking can elicit informal support when it is construed as a disinterested action—intended to serve the community rather than the perpetrator. We study how illegal remixing (“bootlegging”) affects an artist’s ability to secure opening act and other performance opportunities in the electronic dance music (EDM) community, whose members endorse the substance of copyright law but whose norms about bootlegging are ambiguous. Data on 38,784 disc jockeys (DJs) across 97 countries over 10 years reveal that producing bootlegs is associated with more opportunities to perform, compared to producing official remixes or original music. This effect disappears when community members view bootlegging as a self-serving action—primarily designed to benefit the perpetrator. An online experiment and an expert survey rule out the possibility that bootlegs are considered more creative, of higher quality, or better able to attract attention. We shed additional light on our proposed mechanism by analyzing data from 34 interviews with EDM professionals. This helps us to explain how a lawbreaker can paradoxically be perceived as serving the community, thereby eliciting active community support for their action.
Learning to live with the unresolved grief of migration: The ambiguity of leaving behind after the earthquake and adaptation
Authors: Albayrak Günday Eda , Gülırmak Güler Kübra
Published: February 2025

Aim:

This research examines the ambiguity of the migration process experienced by earthquake victims who had to migrate following the Kahramanmaraş-centered earthquake disaster in 2023 and their adaptation to their new lives.

Background:

The post-earthquake migration process can leave people with uncertainty and the problems that come with it. The uncertainty experienced by these individuals has not been addressed in the literature, and these experiences are important.

Methods:

In this study, which was conducted using the phenomenological research design, the snowball sampling method, one of the purposeful sampling methods, was used. The data was collected face-to-face with 19 earthquake victims through 30 to 40-min in-depth interviews. Colaizzi’s phenomenological analysis method was used to analyze the data obtained.

Results:

According to the analysis results, there are three main categories (From the Earthquake Shock to a New Life: The Journey of Migration and Adaptation, Identity Transformation Caused by Migration: The Adventure of Adapting to a New Life, Dreams and Goals for the Future: A New Beginning in the Pursuit of Hope) and five themes (Getting Lost in the Dark Labyrinths of Migration, The Difficult Journey of Adaptation After Migration, Loss of Identity and Cultural Storms, Broken Ropes and Longing Times, Future Plans and Optimism) that have emerged.

Discussion:

The research shows that migrating earthquake victims are in an environment of uncertainty where they do not know what to do, experience identity crises and cultural conflict after migration, long for the past, and have difficulty adapting. It is also noteworthy that immigrants remain generally optimistic and maintain their hopes for their future despite their problems. Practitioners serving immigrant populations are recommended to integrate grief and loss support into the spiritual care process through psychoeducation, assessments, and therapy.
Revisiting Transnational Garden City Histories: From the North-West to the South-East
Authors: Bigon Liora , Oyeleye Oyewale
Published: February 2025

Embracing a critical retrospective view, this article examines the ideological and actual developments of Garden City concepts in the northern (North-West) and southern (South-East) hemispheres. It elaborates on the transnational histories and contemporary manifestations of the Garden City phenomenon in a variety of urban planning cultures, with a particular emphasis on Asia, Latin America, and sub-Saharan Africa. In an effort to de-Eurocentrize the research literature through a wide extra-European historiographic emphasis, the article broadly characterizes stylistic implementations on a regional basis. It also explores the dissemination of Garden City terminology within the current urban discourse of social and environmental sustainability.
Towards a dialogue between planetary gentrification and postcolonial urbanisation: State-led ethno-gentrification (SLEG) in Israel
Authors: Shmaryahu-Yeshurun Yael
Published: February 2025

This article seeks to bridge the dichotomy between post-colonial and planetary perspectives on urbanisation through a case study of state-led ethno-gentrification (SLEG) in Israel. It examines a unique phenomenon of urban migration that has intensified in recent decades, involving the movement of religious Jewish-Zionist populations (known as Garinim Torani’im) into disadvantaged cities in Israel. The article explores how this phenomenon can be understood and conceptualised, presenting five key epistemological arguments and principles for defining state-led ethno-gentrification. The study demonstrates how economic and cultural incentives intersect with ethno-national and religious motivations, driving and sustaining urban settlement. I argue that these logics are mutually reinforcing and cannot be separated into purely national–colonial or economic–cultural projects. This article encourages scholars to apply gentrification terminology beyond the Global North to foster a comparative understanding of the intersections between capitalism and nationalism in urban development. It also calls for expanding the study of gentrification within Western narratives to include the institutional and racial/ethno-national forces enabling the commodification of space and displacement.
Provincialising smart urbanism further, from the Global East: Articulating the smart city in the context of Hungary’s authoritarian state capitalism
Authors: Varró Krisztina
Published: February 2025

This paper aims at advancing recent attempts, within the ever-expanding critical scholarship on ‘smart cities’, to ‘provincialise’ smart urbanism. First, it proposes to do so empirically by extending the scope of the provincialising agenda to the (relationally conceived) ‘Global Easts’ through a conjunctural analysis of Hungary’s smart urbanism. Second, by focusing on how the state-steered character of Hungary’s smart urbanism differs from that of much-discussed Asian examples of neoliberal-developmental urbanism, the paper develops a state-focused relational lens that draws on scholarship on new state capitalism concerned with how relations between state and capital and shifting configurations of political and economic power constitute smart urban development. This lens helps to direct our attention to the market-orienting (or -distorting) actions of the solidifying authoritarian state capitalist Orbán regime in the narrowly conceived field of smart city policymaking, and to how creeping centralisation-through-digitalisation and the expansion of the state-dominated capitalism in the IT sector shape the actualisation of smart urbanism, albeit weakened by the broader political-economic (il)logics of the regime. Given worldwide trends of ever-more assertive state intervention shaping post-smart urbanism driven by artificial intelligence, the paper underlines the broader relevance of a context-sensitive provincialising approach with a state-focused approach devoid of orientalist inclinations.
Infrastructure segments evolving through transient governance: Nairobi metropolitan services and active mobility infrastructures
Authors: Nyamai Dorcas Nthoki , Schramm Sophie
Published: February 2025

The expansion and transformation of large sociotechnical infrastructure networks have profound spatial, social, and political implications, reflecting broader socio-spatial struggles and uneven power relations in cities. This paper explores these dynamics by focusing on Nairobi’s recent infrastructural developments under the Nairobi Metropolitan Services, a temporary governance body that significantly impacted the city’s mobility infrastructure. Despite the temporary nature of the Nairobi Metropolitan Services, which governed Nairobi for two years, its interventions in constructing walking and cycling infrastructure within the Central Business District highlight the potential of infrastructure being integrated into a complete network at a moment in time in future. The paper critiques traditional views of Southern infrastructures as fragmented and incomplete, proposing instead the concept of ‘infrastructural segments’ to emphasise their potential for future integration into a cohesive urban network. By examining how these segments emerge and may evolve, the research offers a nuanced understanding of the intersection between temporary governance and infrastructural development. It engages with current debates on infrastructural incompleteness and temporal dynamics, arguing that such segments hold the potential for significant future contributions to urban mobility and coherence. Through this lens, the paper provides insights into how political decisions shape infrastructural priorities, and what it may take to integrate these segments into a more cohesive urban infrastructure in Nairobi and indeed in other rapidly urbanising Southern cities.
‘Sour grapes and the seeds of discontent’: Citizens in ressentiment and the populist surge
Authors: Papaioannou Kostas
Published: February 2025

This study investigates how ressentiment—an emotional state characterised by persistent bitterness, hostility and frustration arising from perceived political powerlessness and injustice—shapes citizens’ political attitudes. Ressentiment is proposed as a critical factor underlying contemporary grievance politics, particularly in understanding the rise of populist sentiment. In two cross-sectional studies (Study 1: UK, N = 300; Study 2: USA, N = 298), higher levels of ressentiment predict stronger populist attitudes. Mediation analyses further suggest that the influence of ressentiment on populism operates through a rejection of the existing political order. Subsequently, a pre-registered experiment (Study 3: USA, N = 300) demonstrates that participants exposed to a vignette designed to elicit ressentiment report significantly greater support for populist policies compared to a control group. Collectively, these findings highlight the central importance of ressentiment in understanding the emotional foundations of populist support.
Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of “The Occupational Circumstances Assessment Interview and Rating Scale” in rheumatic diseases
Authors: Akyurek Gokcen , Bumin Gonca , Onal Gozde , Unal Bilal , Gokmen Derya , Erden Abdulsamet , Kalyoncu Umut
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

Rheumatic diseases significantly impact daily activities, emphasizing the need to understand their occupational profiles. Identifying these profiles using the Occupational Circumstances Assessment Interview and Rating Scale can aid in tailoring treatment approaches. This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of Occupational Circumstances Assessment Interview and Rating Scale in rheumatic diseases.

Method:

The scale’s internal construct validity was examined using the Rasch measurement model. Convergent validity of Turkish version of Occupational Circumstances Assessment Interview and Rating Scale was evaluated through Spearman’s correlation coefficient, assessing associations with the Community Integration Questionnaire, World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule, Second Version and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure.

Results:

Correlation analyses demonstrated a positive correlation between Turkish version of Occupational Circumstances Assessment Interview and Rating Scale Rasch-transformed scores and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure total ( r = 0.208; p = 0.009), along with negative correlations with Community Integration Questionnaire ( r = −0.210; p = 0.008) and World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule, Second Version ( r = −0.539; p < 0.000).

Conclusion:

Findings confirm Turkish version of Occupational Circumstances Assessment Interview and Rating Scale as a valid and reliable tool for assessing the occupational profiles of individuals with rheumatic diseases. It can guide treatment plans and help develop effective strategies to enhance daily life participation.
Safety and efficacy of percutaneous nephrolithotripsy versus retrograde intrarenal surgery for obese patients with pelvic 1.5:3 cm renal stones
Authors: Soliman Mohamed , Salem Tarek Abd El-Mageed , Metwally Bassem Adel Husein , Zaza Mohamed Mahmoud Abdelfatah
Published: February 2025

Background:

Retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) has recently made significant breakthroughs, drawing some attention to it as a secondary or alternative method of treating kidney stones.

Objectives:

To compare the safety and efficacy of the percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PCNL) in the prone position vs retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) in surgical treatment of unilateral pelvic renal stones from 1.5 to 3 cm is size in adult obese patients with body mass index ⩾30.

Methods:

This prospective randomized comparative study was done at Helwan University Hospital. It was conducted on 120 patients with unilateral pelvic renal stones from 1.5 to 3 cm in largest diameter who was admitted through duration to compare the two procedures’ differences in terms of complications, analgesic use, hospital stay, operational time, and stone-free rates.

Results:

There was no significant difference between the two groups as regard stone free rate and complications. Stone free rate was 91.1% in PCNL group while it was 84.5% in RIRS group ( p-value = 0.314). The mean operative time for PCNL & RIRS groups was 96 ± 28.23 min and 119 ± 14.4 min, respectively ( p-value = 0.026). Mean hospital stay was 3.16 ± 0.77 days in PCNL group while it was 1.19 ± 0.69 days in RIRS group ( p-value < 0.001).

Conclusion:

RIRS can be used as the first option in obese individuals with 1.5 to 3 cm renal stones is based on the satisfactory results attained in the RIRS groups.
Social geographies of categorizations in two preschools: A comparative study of the U.S. and South Korean children
Authors: Ahn Junehui
Published: February 2025

This paper cross-culturally explores the ways children in the U.S. and South Korea are socialized to use culturally specific concepts of social categories. Through detailed descriptions and analysis of everyday preschool interactions in two cultures, the paper examines the roles children’s peer culture and teachers’ everyday socialization inputs can have in the reproduction and perpetuation of knowledge, ideas, and proclivities regarding social categories.