bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ser mãe e profissional do sexo, aspectos de vida das trabalhadoras sexuais à luz do Modelo Calgary
Authors: Do Nascimento Kelly Cristina , De Lima Fábia Maria , Delgado Flávia Alves , Santos Jeane da Silva Rocha , Barbosa Maria do Socorro Alécio , De Lima Renata Cristina Beltrão , De Lima Tereza Natália Bezerra , Gomes Betânia da Mata Ribeiro
Published: January 2024

O Modelo Calgary de avaliação das famílias além do conceito central “cuidado”, corrobora na trajetória assumida e construída por cada membro da família, mãe, filho, filha, pai, ainda que permeado por desafios, violações, enfrentamentos e superação. O Modelo Calgary de Avaliação da Família é uma estrutura multidimensional que consiste em três categorias principais: estrutural, de desenvolvimento e funcional. Trata-se de um relato de experiência   caso com abordagem qualitativa, do qual participaram doze (12) trabalhadoras sexuais, da cidade de Maceió, Alagoas, Brasil. Nesse sentido, o estudo foi organizado didaticamente em três momentos. Essa oficina evidenciou-se por meio das construções dos Genograma e Ecomapa, as necessidades de saúde das famílias das trabalhadoras sexuais nos aspectos biopsicossociais, as quais demandaram condutas diversificadas envolvendo principalmente orientações sobre saúde mental e encaminhamentos aos CAPS. A aplicação do Modelo Calgary de Avaliação Familiar por meio da oficina de construção do Genograma e Ecomapa, despertou a curiosidade e a vontade de buscar novos conhecimentos com a finalidade de propor estratégias que possibilitassem contribuir com a melhoria da qualidade de vida das trabalhadoras sexuais.
Espiritualidade como fator de sucesso no transplante renal: subsídios para enfermeiros e suas orientações
Authors: Pedroso Vanessa Soares Mendes , De Siqueira Hedi Crecencia Heckler , De Paula Saul Ferraz , Tolfo Fernando
Published: January 2024

Objetivou-se investigar os comportamentos dos participantes, relativos à dimensão da espiritualidade que, segundo sua visão, contribuíram no sucesso do transplante renal, e utilizá-los para subsidiar as orientações/consultas de enfermagem aos usuários transplantados renais. O estudo caracteriza-se como descritivo, exploratório com abordagem qualitativa, cujos dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevista semi-estruturadas com 20 pacientes que realizaram transplante renal há mais de 10 anos. Os resultados indicaram os motivos pelos quais o participante acredita que o transplante obteve sucesso, entre os quais, alguns atribuíram à dimensão espiritual. Como discussão foi utilizada o olhar ao ser humano na perspectiva do Pensamento Ecossistêmico, e discussões com outros autores que assinalam a dimensão espiritual em suas pesquisas e que, geralmente, não está presente nas orientações prestadas durante a consulta de enfermagem. Considera-se que as falas dos participantes denotam importância á dimensão espiritual, na recuperação da saúde, ainda que não figura nas orientações de enfermagem e sugere-se rever essa conduta para que os usuários tenham a sua multidimensionalidade integralmente assistida.
O olhar do professor da educação básica para dificuldades no processo de introdução algébrica
Authors: Dos Santos Paula Eveline da Silva , Valadares Ana Julia Magalhães Santos , Barreto Mariana de Gusmão , Rodrigues Poliana Figueiredo Cardoso
Published: January 2024

A presente pesquisa trata das possíveis dificuldades dos professores no ensino da álgebra, objetivando investigar dificuldades apresentadas pelos professores, dos 6°. e/ou 7°. anos do Ensino Fundamental, no processo de introdução algébrica. O estudo baseou-se nos seguintes pilares: na abordagem do processo histórico da Álgebra e o seu ensino ao longo da história brasileira; a análise da forma como o ensino da Álgebra é tratado nos documentos norteadores da Educação Básica no Brasil; dificuldades enfrentadas por professores, desde sua formação inicial, até a sua prática em sala de aula. A fim de alcançar o objetivo proposto foi realizada uma entrevista com 1 professor de cada uma das redes de ensino: municipal, estadual e privada da cidade de Campos dos Goytacazes - RJ, atuantes no 6°. e/ou 7°. anos do Ensino Fundamental. A entrevista ocorreu por meio de uma videochamada pelo Google Meet de forma individual. Foram obtidas informações acerca de dificuldades relacionadas à formação inicial e a falta de discussões referentes à prática pedagógica neste período; ao uso dos recursos didáticos e sua disponibilidade em cada escola; escassez de tempo para planejamento e aplicação de aulas mais dinâmicas; necessidade de se reduzir as dúvidas apresentadas pelos alunos; além de outras situações particulares de cada instituição de ensino. Isto posto, pode-se concluir que o processo de ensino da introdução algébrica apresenta dificuldades para os professores no que tange a abordagem ao ensinar o conteúdo e ao impasse de se fazer entender a partir das dificuldades apresentadas.
Do conflito entre membros das famílias em condomínios edilícios e as soluções jurisprudenciais dos tribunais superiores visando proteger a integridade física e o direito de personalidade dessas pessoas
Authors: Bordini Heloísa Fernanda Premebida , Cugula Jarbas Rodrigues Gomes , De Oliveira José Sebastião
Published: January 2024

Os conflitos entre os membros familiares em condomínios são relativamente comuns, pois a convivência próxima em um espaço compartilhado pode dar origem a uma série de desentendimentos. Esses conflitos podem surgir por diversas razões, tais como diferenças de personalidade, divergências em relação a regras e regulamentos do condomínio, barulho excessivo, animais de estimação, questões de manutenção e reparos, entre outros. O objetivo do referido estudo foi o de discutir as problemáticas, desafios, pressupostos do Direito e também os preâmbutos existentes entre o conflito e seus impactos na integridade e direito de personalidade dos membros familiares envolvidos. Conclui-se que findar com os conflitos familiares em condomínios pode ser desafiador, mas a comunicação aberta, o respeito mútuo e a disposição para encontrar soluções são fundamentais para manter a paz e a harmonia na comunidade.
Religiosidade e espiritualidade para universitários: um estudo de reflexão
Authors: França Luiz Carlos Moraes , Dib Rachel Verdan , Machado Yndira Yta , Gonçalves Leone Almeida da Matta , Paes Leandra da Silva , Correia Vanessa do Carmo , Santos Adolfo Carlos Barreto , E Silva Giuliana Fernandes
Published: January 2024

O ambiente universitário requer adaptações na vida dos discentes que vão desde morar distante do núcleo familiar e construção de novos vínculos, até a privação de sono devido às demandas de atividades acadêmicas. O presente artigo apresenta como objetivo refletir acerca da religiosidade e espiritualidade e a relação entre universitários através de evidências científicas. Foi realizado um estudo de reflexão acerca da religiosidade e espiritualidade voltada para estudantes universitários. A busca pelos manuscritos se deu nas bases de dados presentes na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), com os descritores “religiosidade”, “espiritualidade” e “universitários”, associados ao conector “AND”. Critérios de inclusão: textos disponíveis para acesso online, no idioma português, publicados entre os anos 2013-2023. Critérios de exclusão: textos duplicados e estudos que não contemplassem a temática proposta. Ao final, foram obtidos 16 artigos para análise. Os estudos reconhecem a importância da temática religiosidade e espiritualidade no cenário acadêmico, porém sua aplicação é dificultada pela falta de conhecimento proporcionada pela não abordagem do assunto nas instituições universitárias. Destaca-se assim a necessidade da abordagem da religiosidade e espiritualidade na graduação a fim de prover maior qualidade de vida para os estudantes universitários, proporcionando um cuidado integral.
Profile and consumer behavior of food originating from Typical Handmade Products (PATs) from the coast of Paraná
Authors: Anacleto Adilson , Machado Ana Paula , Da Costa Bianca Barbosa do Rosário , De Lima Gustavo Oliveira
Published: January 2024

The production and trade of Typical Handcrafted Products on the coast of Paraná has taken place since the colonization period, and given its unique characteristics, this group of products currently generates an income for a contingent of more than 400 families in the region. However, despite its relevance, no studies were found to describe the consumer’s preferences, so in order to guide production, this study aimed to investigate the profile and behavior of typical handcrafted products on the coast of Paraná. An exploratory descriptive research was carried out based on interviews with consumers between February and May 2023, with a population sample of 114 consumers interviewed at the time of consumption. The study revealed that the main favorite delicacies were pastel, empadão, empadinha and risolis, and products processed based on shrimp were widely accepted by consumers (75.89%), followed by hearts of palm (28.91%) and products based on crab meat (n=12.25). It concludes that in regard to the marketing mix there is consumer dissatisfaction regarding the difficulty of finding the desired product more easily, the price considered high and the need to improve the taste of the products.
Estimated lower limb mechanical muscular power during vertical jumps by contact mat and bosco’s equation: a correlation and agreement cross-sectional study
Authors: De Carvalho Alberito Rodrigo , Debastiani Jean Carlos , Peyré-Tartaruga Leonardo Alexandre , Bertolini Gladson Ricardo Flor
Published: January 2024

The mechanical muscular power (MMP) can be estimated by different methods and because that, it could lead to misinterpretation.This study investigated the correlation and agreement between lower limb MMP in a vertical jumping estimated by two on-field evaluation tools to sports performance, being a contact mat (MMPcontact_mat) and estimated by the Bosco’s equation (MMPBosco’s_equation).Fifty-two athletes participated in the study. The maximum continuous vertical jumps test was used for 60s on a contact mat to determine the MMP. The test was applied just once. The MMPcontact_mat was provided by the software Multisprintfull® and the MMPBosco’s_equation was calculated by the Bosco’s equation. The correlation was determined by the Pearson test and the agreement by the Bland Altman test. The mean values of MMPcontact_mat and MMPBosco’s_equation, both in W∙kg-1, were respectively 4.5±0.5 and 15.4±3.7. Measures were correlated, r =0.72; p <0.001, but not concordant. A bias of 10.82 was found with T (51) =23.23; p <0.001, this bias being correlated with the means of the measurements. We concluded that although MMP measures were correlated, they did not agree with each other. The MMPcontact_mat was also underestimated about MMPBosco’s_equation and the bias increased in proportion to the increase in MMP production.
O sapo no poço: o uso dos dispositivos móveis durante protestos rurais na China
Authors: Antonio Guilherme Henrique Gooda
Published: January 2024

A ampliação das redes de telecomunicação na China e o acesso aos smartphones, permitiu com que populações antes isoladas ganhassem voz e se organizassem buscando soluções para demandas locais. Esse artigo discute e apresenta um caso, no qual é possível observar tal interação. Com as estratégias governamentais para manipular as informações nas grandes mídias, coube aos celulares e aos aplicativos de comunicação pessoa-pessoa organizarem vizinhanças e transformar preferências individuais em demandas públicas. Espera-se que esse artigo contribua para o debate das práticas socioculturais e do papel da comunicação nas esferas públicas.
A promoção de saúde e os fatores condicionantes e determinantes de saúde e sua influência no contexto social – uma reflexão
Authors: Fonseca Michelle Carneiro , Manso Roberta Keile Gomes de Sousa , Teixeira Renata Silva de Oliveira , Moreira Maysa Mayran Chaves , da Silva Richardson Augusto Rosendo , Pinto Erika Simone Galvão , De Souza Nilba Lima , De Oliveira Jonas Sâmi Albuquerque , De Medeiros Soraya Maria , Martins Quenia Camille Soares
Published: January 2024

O conceito ampliado de saúde fundamenta a elaboração e execução das Políticas Públicas de Saúde. A Promoção de Saúde (PS) deve ter como foco da ação sanitária os Condicionantes e Determinantes de saúde. Este estudo trata-se de uma reflexão com referenciais da literatura. As ações de PS interferem significativamente na vida das pessoas e os Condicionantes e Determinantes de Saúde são fundamentais para o conhecimento da situação de saúde desses que são elaboradas as políticas públicas de saúde para a população.
Formação docente: a trajetória do sujeito professor na busca da sua integralidade
Authors: Capulo Sabrina , Maldonado Luciene , Da Silva Junior Gilberto Miranda
Published: January 2024

Este trabalho propõe a discussão sobre a formação dos professores no que se refere às reformas educacionais, tanto nas estruturas curriculares das universidades, quanto nas instituições de educação básica e sua relação com a política econômica vigente. Com o objetivo de compreendermos as mudanças e interferências no processo da constituição docente, especialmente no que tange sua formação, mas também com relação à sua atuação. Intentamos explorar as mudanças sociais e econômicas insurgentes local e globalmente porque entendemos haver um descompasso entre o que se projeta como ideal e aquilo que efetivamente ocorre no campo da formação continuada, o que acarreta prejuízo ao sistema educacional e, consequentemente, ao seu destinatário principal, o estudante.
Letramento digital e educação pós-pandemia: oportunidades e desafios na formação continuada de professores
Authors: Francisco Thiago José , Dias Eliane Carvalho Vidal , Volpato Arceloni Neusa , Botelho Lissandro , Silva Alexander Aparecido Urso , Da Silva Juliana Ramos , Cardozo Emanuel Soares , Alcântara Júnior Lourival Queiroz , França Lucas Negreiros , De Souza Rosiane Moraes Costa
Published: January 2024

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar as oportunidades e desafios encontrados pelos professores na integração do letramento digital durante o processo de formação docente no cenário pós-pandemia. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa exploratória de abordagem qualitativa com 13 professores de uma escola brasileira situada no interior do estado do Rio de Janeiro, na cidade de Três Rios/RJ. A pesquisa qualitativa, conduzida por meio de entrevistas semi estruturadas, destacou que o letramento digital foi fundamental na transformação pedagógica, oferecendo oportunidades como acesso a recursos diversificados durante o ensino remoto, incluindo vídeos educativos, simulações interativas e plataformas de aprendizado. O uso eficaz de vídeos dinamizou as aulas, enquanto simulações interativas e plataformas de aprendizado promoveram experiências práticas e interativas. Apesar das oportunidades, a escassez de recursos tecnológicos nas escolas emergiu como um desafio crucial, limitando não apenas o acesso a ferramentas digitais essenciais, mas também impactando a qualidade do letramento digital. Os relatos dos professores destacaram a resiliência diante das limitações, evidenciando uma busca por alternativas, enquanto a falta de familiaridade com as rápidas mudanças tecnológicas impostas pela pandemia adicionou complexidade ao letramento digital na formação docente. Sendo assim, ressalta-se a necessidade de uma abordagem holística, combinando desenvolvimento de habilidades digitais com investimentos em infraestrutura e estratégias para enfrentar as mudanças tecnológicas contínuas no cenário educacional contemporâneo.
Yu Opera Artistic Instruction Components Are Mined and Taught Throughout Elementary Classrooms in The Luoyang Area of Henan Province, China, as an Example
Authors: Jingjin Zhang , Minghua Liu
Published: January 2024

Background: Henan Yu Opera is a form of artistic expression and cultural exchange that falls under the broader category of traditional Chinese art. In the context of school education, the aim of incorporating Yu opera is to introduce this cultural heritage to students, propagate the richness of traditional Chinese culture, and instill an appreciation for the splendor of Yu opera. The intent is to nurture a sense of beauty, both in terms of emotional appeal and physical expression.
 
Objective: The goal is to popularize Yu opera among students, cultivating an understanding of its cultural significance. However, the current focus on skill development overshadows the broader impact of Yu opera on Chinese culture.
Method: The study investigates the core curriculum for Yu opera beauty education in primary schools in Luoyang, Henan Province, employing an analysis of instructional frameworks and their alignment with cultural and aesthetic goals.
 
Results & Conclusions: The study on Yu opera education in primary schools reveals a disproportionate emphasis on performance skills over the broader cultural impact of the art form. Bridging this gap is crucial for fostering a more comprehensive and meaningful appreciation for the beauty and cultural significance of Henan Yu Opera among students.
EVALUATION OF RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN EMPLOYERS AND EMPLOYEES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC REMOTE WORKING
Authors: Gawron Iwona
Published: January 2024

Good relationships between employees and their superiors influence the way employees function in the company, their commitment, work quality and efficiency. The COVID-19 pandemic contributed to a significant destabilization of the functioning of enterprises around the world and accelerated the process of changing the working mode from stationary to remote. This form of work was not received enthusiastically by all employees.The aim of the article is to identify selected aspects of the relationship between employees and employers when performing remote work during the COVID-19 pandemic, from the employees’ perspective. The work consists of a theoretical and an empirical part. In the theoretical part the aspects of forming the employer-employees relationship are presented, the issue of remote working is elaborated on, and the amendment of the regulations regarding remote work is referred to. In the empirical part the results of own research conducted during the Covid-19 pandemic in 2021 are presented. The research was carried out in February 2021 among part-time students who worked remotely during the Covid-19 pandemic. The final remarks include the conclusions drawn from the analysis.
NATUREZA, MÉTODO E EDUCAÇÃO EM ROUSSEAU: DO SEGUNDO DISCURSO AO EMÍLIO
Authors: Breymaier Sophia Calil
Published: January 2024

Baseando-se em estudos bibliográficos das obras de Rousseau e de seus intérpretes, propõe-se investigar a ciência do homem e a educação no pensamento do filósofo genebrino, a partir de seu conceito de natureza. Com enfoque no Segundo Discurso e na obra Emílio ou da educação, será feita uma análise do método utilizado para pensar o homem no estado de natureza e, posteriormente, a criança e seu desenvolvimento. A hipótese é de que o quadro antropológico e da gênese da sociabilidade do Segundo Discurso, embora tenha um desfecho negativo com o esfacelamento do liame social, é referência para pensar a criança e a possibilidade educativa para a formação de uma moralidade virtuosa, e por conseguinte, o estabelecimento de uma sociabilidade agregadora.
PENGARUH HARGA, PROMOSI DAN KUALITAS PRODUK TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN CHICAGO FRIED CHICKEN, PERUMNAS 2
Authors: Yatun Ratih Fitri , Sari Sri Rahayu Puspita
Published: January 2024

Usaha Kuliner di Indonesia terus bertumbuh dan berkembang sangat pesat. Kenekaragaman kuliner yang dimiliki di berbagai daerah dan wilayah Indonesia menghasilkan variasi dan keunikan tersendiri pada cita rasa dan kekhasan daerah tersebut. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui, dan menganalisis pengaruh haarga, promosi dan kualitas produk terhadap keputusan pembelian Chichago Fried Chicken, Perumnas 2 secara sebagian maupun bersama-sama. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu data primer dengan menggunaka instrumen kuesioner sebanyak 224 resonden. Metode pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini adalah non probability sampling dengan teknik purposive sampling atau pengambilan sampel berdasarkan karakteristik tertentu. Uji yang dilakukan terdiri atas uji validitas, reliabilitas, regresi linear berganda, uji t, uji f, dan koefisien determinasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan Harga berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian Chicago Fried Chicken, Perumnas 2. Promosi berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembalian Chicago Fried Chicken, Perumnas 2. Kualitas Produk berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembalian Chicago Fried   Chicken, Perumnas 2. Harga, Promosi dan Kualitas Produk secara bersama – sama berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian Chicago fried Chicken, Perumnas 2.
Reflections on Teacher Identity: Epistemological Perspectives on Clinical Simulation
Authors: Díaz-Guio Diego Andrés , Rojas Mauricio , Ricardo-Zapata Alejandra
Published: January 2024

The construction of teacher identity in the realm of clinical simulation is a complex and multifaceted process. This paper offers a theoretical reflection on the fundamental elements that shape this identity, focusing particularly on the application of active learning methodologies. We explore how various educational theories and pedagogical practices influence the formation and evolution of educators within the health education system. By breaking down the components of teacher identity, from the philosophical perspective to practical implementation, we seek to enrich the quality of education in simulation. This analysis aims not only to critically reflect on our pedagogical practices but also to highlight their impact on the preparation of highly competent health professionals, adapted to the needs of the healthcare world. Our work underscores the importance of reflective and adaptable teaching, essential for the development of exceptional health professionals.
Nursing Care on Quality of Life in Regular basic education teachers treated at a Hospital in North Lima
Authors: Saberbein-Muñoz Juan , Hilario-Quispe Christian , Salinas-Cruz Maria
Published: January 2024

Diabetes mellitus worldwide is one of the main diseases in which it considerably compromises the health status of the person and decreases over time their quality of life, so the research objective is to determine nursing care on the quality of life in Regular basic education teachers treated in a hospital in North Lima. It is a quantitative, descriptive-cross-sectional study, with a total population of 132 patients who developed a questionnaire of sociodemographic data and the Diabetes 39 instrument. In their results, we observed that between the ages of 30 and 59 years of age, 58,8 % have an average quality of life. In conclusion, educational counseling on self-care in patients with diabetes mellitus should be performed.
Quality of Life in Hypertensive Teachers of regular basic education who go to an Establishment during the health Emergency due to COVID-19 in North Lima
Authors: Asencios-Trujillo Lucia , Asencios-Trujillo Lida , La Rosa-Longobardi Carlos , Gallegos-Espinoza Djamila , Piñas-Rivera Livia
Published: January 2024

The quality of life in hypertensive teachers of regular basic education is one of the priorities committed to health well-being, since it will depend on how the person can minimize the risks due to this disease, so the research objective is to determine the quality of life in hypertensive teachers of regular basic education who come to an establishment during the health emergency due to COVID-19 in North Lima. It is a quantitative, descriptive-transverse study, consisting of a population of 131 hypertensive teachers of regular basic education who answered a questionnaire on sociodemographic aspects and the questionnaire on quality of life in hypertension. In their results we can observe that 64,1 % (n=84) of hypertensive teachers of regular basic education have a good quality of life, 9,2 % (n=12) regular quality of life and 26,7 % (n=35) poor quality of life. In conclusion, strategies should be made to promote and prevent hypertension, and thus allow the population the necessary information about the disease and how to counteract it.
Emotional intelligence in final year students of an education program at a private university in Lima
Authors: Asencios-Trujillo Lucia , Asencios-Trujillo Lida , La Rosa-Longobardi Carlos , Gallegos-Espinoza Djamila , Piñas-Rivera Livia
Published: January 2024

This research investigates and manages the emotions of education students in relation to various social and academic aspects, therefore, the research objective is to determine the emotional intelligence in students of the last year of an education program of a private university in Lima. It is a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, non-experimental study, with a population of 202 students who completed a questionnaire of sociodemographic data and the emotional intelligence scale. In its results, 18,8 % (n=38) have a low emotional intelligence, 45,5 % (n=92) medium and 35,6 % (n=72) low. In conclusion, teachers should guide students to foster their empathic skills so that they can make decisions and adapt to situations in their academic environment.
Risk of suffering from eating disorders students in the 1st and 2nd semester of the Medicine degree
Authors: Bareiro Recalde Alisson Anahí , Imas Sotto María Paz , Benítez Desvars1 Alicia Viviana , Aveiro Róbalo Telmo Raul
Published: January 2024

Background: eating Disorders are complex psychiatric illnesses caused by various factors, mainly during adolescence and youth. The symptomatology involves excessive concern about food, weight, and/or body image and unhealthy habits to control or reduce body weight. Methods: a cross-sectional descriptive observational study was conducted using the SCOFF and EAT-26 instruments to assess eating behavior in first and second- semester university students at a private university in Asunción, Paraguay. The questionnaire, consisting of closed-ended multiple-choice questions, was processed using Microsoft Office's Excel, enabling a detailed analysis of the sample. Results: the sample of 83 students, predominantly composed of women (74,7 %) aged between 18 and 24, showed a 41 % risk of eating disorders according to the SCOFF scale and 20 % according to the EAT-26 scale. Notably, there is a significant prevalence of women at higher risk of eating disorders compared to men. The results underscore the severity of these disorders and highlight specific risk factors in university students, such as academic stress and social pressure to maintain a slim body. Conclusion: findings from this cross-sectional study suggest a moderate prevalence of eating disorder risk in first and second-semester medical students, particularly among women. The EAT-26 survey, encompassing more items and response options, identified a 20 % risk, while the briefer and dichotomous SCOFF questionnaire reported 41 % risk prevalence. However, due to the cross-sectional design and the nature of the instruments, these findings should be interpreted cautiously. Longitudinal studies with comprehensive diagnostic assessments are needed to draw more robust conclusions about the true prevalence and incidence of eating disorders in this population.
The rising tide of the autonomous ships market
Authors: Azarko Anastasiya , Colella Marco Molica
Published: January 2024

The rising tide of the autonomous ships market

Anastasiya Azarko, Junior Innovation Consultant and Marco Molica Colella, Managing Consultant at CiaoTech – PNO Group, tell us about the autonomous ships market and some of the initiatives that are broadening capabilities within the maritime industry. In 2020, analysts valued the autonomous ship market close to 90 billion with a steady growth (ca. 7% annually) for the next decade. Almost 18% of this market was accounted for in Europe, with the chance to double by 2030. This upward trajectory is primarily attributed to the ongoing emergence of autonomous ships, which include a whole set of definitions, like smart ships. These ships are equipped with advanced software and hardware systems that allow operating, or being operated, without human direct intervention on board, adopting different levels of autonomy in different phases of the journey.
What is the link between white matter lesions and neurodegeneration?
Authors: DeSilva Tara M
Published: January 2024

What is the link between white matter lesions and neurodegeneration?

Tara M. DeSilva from the Department of Neurosciences, Cleveland Clinic, examines the link between white matter lesions and neurodegeneration. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive technology that provides anatomical assessments of the brain to evaluate pathology. One such pathology is white matter lesions (Fig. 1 A, blue), primarily located around the ventricles. The ventricles are cavities within the brain that produce and transport cerebral spinal fluid surrounding and protecting the brain. The brain’s white matter (Fig. 1 A) houses myelinated neuronal axons (Fig. 1 B).
AI and modern experimental biology: A historical perspective
Authors: Deichmann Ute
Published: January 2024

AI and modern experimental biology: A historical perspective

Ute Deichmann, Director of the Jacques Loeb Centre for the History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, discusses the adoption and limitations of Artificial Intelligence within modern experimental biology. ‘How generative AI could disrupt scientific publishing.’ ‘ChatGPT use shows that the grant-application system is broken.’ ‘Companies say the technology will lead to faster drug development. Independent verification and clinical trials will determine whether the claim holds up.’ ‘AlphaFold touted as next big thing for drug discovery — but is it?’ These recent headlines from the journal Nature not only indicate the enormous impact of artificial intelligence (AI), the intelligence of machines or software, on research across various scientific disciplines but also point to challenges regarding AI reliability. What does intelligence here mean? The Cambridge Dictionary defines intelligence as ‘the ability to learn, understand, and make judgments or have opinions based on reason.’
The extent and impact of the opioid crisis in Canada
Authors: Buckley Norm
Published: January 2024

The extent and impact of the opioid crisis in Canada

The opioid crisis in Canada has been an issue for nearly a quarter of a century. Here, Norm Buckley and Jason Busse from the Michael G DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, and the National Pain Centre discuss the issue, its effects both general and on specific communities, and what can be done about it. Over the past twenty-five or so years, there has been a remarkable arc in the medical use of opioids in Canada, from prescribing for only very specific instances (e.g., end-of-life care) to much more widespread use (e.g., chronic noncancer pain), and now there is greater reluctance to provide opioid analgesia. This coincides with growing awareness of the unmet need for chronic pain care and promotion of the use of opioids by commercial interests. Production of sustained-release forms of opioids containing large doses, along with widespread use, was associated with the diversion of prescription opioids into illicit or recreational markets, and opioid-related deaths began to be more frequently associated with these drugs rather than historic illicit drugs such as heroin.
Forage fish: Pacific herring in Alaska
Authors: Pegau W. Scott , Hoover Hayley , Suryan Robert M
Published: January 2024

Forage fish: Pacific herring in Alaska

W. Scott Pegau and Hayley Hoover discuss the plight of forage fish, with a particular emphasis on understanding the lack of recovery of Pacific herring in Prince William Sound, Alaska. Pacific herring (Fig. 1) are food for fish, birds, and marine mammals and are an important subsistence and commercial fisheries resource. They are among the most numerous forage fishes in Prince William Sound, Alaska, yet their population is a small fraction of what it was in the late 1980s. The biomass dropped from around a peak of over 140 metric tons to about 20 metric tons in a few years in the early 1990s (Fig. 2). The drop was most likely the result of a disease outbreak. Since then, the population has remained around 20 metric tons except for a recent decline to about five metric tons.
Business and human rights in Japan: Progress and challenges of the Japanese government
Authors: Sugawara Emi
Published: January 2024

Business and human rights in Japan: Progress and challenges of the Japanese government

Professor Emi Sugawara from Osaka University of Economics and Law, Faculty of International Studies, discusses government’s efforts to respect human rights in the supply chain. If the ultimate goal of the business and human rights movement is to realise a sustainable society in which no one’s human rights are left behind, then the role of the state, along with businesses, is important. According to UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs), states have a duty to protect human rights by creating an environment that enables businesses to respect human rights, and this environment can be created through a smart mix of policies that are consistent from the perspectives of business and human rights. Noted, so what about Japan?
Harnessing nature for more sustainable food systems
Authors: Carr Ian , Wyss Markus
Published: January 2024

Harnessing nature for more sustainable food systems

Markus Wyss and Ian Carr emphasize the importance of nature-positive innovations to address the pressing environmental challenges. We currently face extraordinary crises and challenges that can be resolved partly through innovative approaches to harnessing nature. The global population is predicted to increase to close to 10 billion people by 2050. In parallel, living standards increase, and consumption patterns change, leading to over-exploitation of natural resources and waste accumulation, including plastic waste. Global temperatures are increasing due to the accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, which starkly increases the risk of natural disasters. Regarding biodiversity, one million plant and animal species are under threat of extinction, and the actual species extinction rate is likely 1,000-fold higher than before human interference.
A wonder therapy for knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Lyu Shaw-Ruey
Published: January 2024

A wonder therapy for knee osteoarthritis

Professor Shaw-Ruey Lyu from the Dalin Tzu-Chi Hospital discusses the benefits of arthroscopic cartilage regeneration facilitating procedure (ACRFP) as an alternative to traditional methods of treating knee OA. I have always been a conscientious orthopedic surgeon. I was trained in mainstream orthopedic medicine and had treated many patients suffering from knee osteoarthritis (knee OA) with all the available tools in the ‘mainstream medicine’ repertoire (Table 1). Traditional treatment often led patients to eventual knee replacement. That is proof that mainstream medicine cannot stop knee OA from deteriorating, and even lead to patients needing a knee replacement.
Revolutionising disease detection: The emergence of non-invasive VOC breathomics
Authors: Venkatesan Thirumalai Venky
Published: January 2024

Revolutionising disease detection: The emergence of non-invasive VOC breathomics

Breathomics marks a revolutionary approach to disease detection by analyzing the chemical composition of exhaled breath. As the world recovers from the recent global health crises, the detection and management of pandemic diseases like COVID-19, RSV, and flu have come to the forefront. The COVID-19 pandemic alone has affected over 96 million people in the US, with a devastating count of more than a million fatalities. Similarly, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza (flu) collectively burden the healthcare system with millions of cases annually, leading to hundreds of thousands of hospitalizations and tens of thousands of deaths. These staggering statistics underscore an urgent need for diagnostic methods that are not only swift and accurate but also non- invasive to facilitate rapid, widespread testing. Enter Breathomics—a revolutionary approach that analyzes the chemical composition of exhaled breath to detect diseases.
Responsible and ethical conduct of research: Principles to uphold
Authors: Swain Greg M
Published: January 2024

Responsible and ethical conduct of research: Principles to uphold

Greg M. Swain, Professor of Chemistry at Michigan State University, emphasizes the importance of responsible and ethical conduct of research (RECR) in scientific progress. Responsible and ethical conduct of research (RECR) refers to the principles and practices that guide researchers in maintaining integrity, transparency, and accountability in all research and scholarship activities. Some of the principles are presented in the adjacent figure: honesty, openness, fairness, stewardship, and accountability.
Promoting fathers’ mental health and involvement
Authors: Da Costa Deborah
Published: January 2024

Promoting fathers’ mental health and involvement

Promoting fathers’ mental health and father involvement – a call to action is given here by Deborah Da Costa, Ph.D., Associate Professor at the Department of Medicine, McGill University, and Scientist at McGill University Health Centre. Up to 1 in 10 fathers struggle with mental health difficulties during their partner’s pregnancy and/or the first year following the birth of their child. Depression is among the most commonly experienced mental health difficulties for fathers during this life stage. The use of a gender lens is important to recognize the signs of depression in men, as they can exhibit symptoms differently compared to women.
Understanding T lymphocytes inner workings to harness therapeutic potential
Authors: Berg Leslie J
Published: January 2024

Understanding T lymphocytes inner workings to harness therapeutic potential

Leslie J. Berg, PhD from the University of Colorado, Anschutz School of Medicine, sheds light on understanding the inner workings of T lymphocytes to harness their therapeutic potential. In the past two decades, we have witnessed the powerful impact of years of research to uncover the mechanisms regulating our immune responses to infections. This research has revealed opportunities to harness our immune systems to fight cancers, leading to many therapies for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. The prevalence and impact of these treatments are highlighted by their descriptor, ‘immunotherapies’, now a common word familiar to the broader public. At the heart of this research is studying immune cells, including lymphocytes and myeloid cells, that implement our immune responses to pathogens, cancers, and self-tissues.
Role and value of space-based solar power technology in the UK’s transition to net zero
Authors: Strbac Goran
Published: January 2024

Role and value of space-based solar power technology in the UK’s transition to net zero

Prof Goran Strbac, Prof Paul Mitcheson, Prof Eric Yeatman, Dr Danny Pudjianto and Dr Nunzio Pucci. The team at ICL’s Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering has analysed the system benefits and impact assessments of integrating space-based solar power (SBSP) into the UK’s future energy mix. The study aims to understand the operational benefits and value of SBSP displacing other low-carbon technologies and carbon infrastructure to meet the UK’s net-zero carbon emissions and energy resilience requirements. The study is conducted on a ‘future energy scenario’ for the 2050 system.
Turid Rustad: Navigating the seas of seafood processing
Authors: Rustad Turid
Published: January 2024

Over the years, Rustad’s research expanded to encompass various fish- related projects, including freezing, salting, and the intricate dynamics of seafood quality during stress and slaughtering procedures. Today, she holds a professorship in biotechnology, with a primary focus on food science.

In this comprehensive discussion, Turid Rustad, professor at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology shares insights into her background in the realm of biotechnology and food science, the collaborative nature of her work, challenges in seafood processing, and her vision for the industry’s future. Rustad’s academic journey commenced in Trondheim, where she pursued a master’s degree in technology, specialising in chemistry and biochemistry. Subsequently, her path led to a Ph.D. focused on drying capelin mince. Over the years, Rustad’s research expanded to encompass various fish- related projects, including freezing, salting, and the intricate dynamics of seafood quality during stress and slaughtering procedures. Today, she holds a professorship in biotechnology, with a primary focus on food science.
Personalized medicine: ‘Tyranny of the gene’
Authors: Hays Priya
Published: January 2024

Personalized medicine: ‘Tyranny of the gene’

Dr Priya Hays, Ph.D., CEO/Science Writer at Hays Documentation Specialists, LLC, responds to “Tyranny of the Gene.” Is personalized medicine a threat to public health? Not really, but yes, it’s an argument for price controls and perhaps more regulations; we hear. Tyranny of the Gene: Personalized Medicine’s Threat to Public Health, written by James Tabery and published by Alfred Knopf Publishers, was released in August 2023 and was featured in a New York Times Op-Ed. Tyranny of the Gene is a historical account of the origins and development of genomic and personalized medicine, shedding light on examples of unsavory scientific and medical experimentation during its early period intersecting with the eugenics movement and research behind the birth of pharmacogenomics. Tabery delves into its growth as a result of capitalist incentives for pursuing profits in industry rather than the goal of achieving effective patient care, which is the most often cited reason for seeking its implementation among its supporters. The nature-nurture debate takes a central stage in this book, creating a dichotomy that public health is environment-based (or nurture) and personalized medicine is the gene (or based on genetic predisposition or nature), with genetic reductionism playing a pivotal role in its rise, according to Tabery.
Sensory roles in reading skills: The print-to-speech model
Authors: Cullum Angela , Cummine Jacqueline
Published: January 2024

Sensory roles in reading skills: The print-to-speech model

While it is easy to recognise the necessary role that vision plays in reading, it is important to know that many other senses contribute to the acquisition, refinement and maintenance of reading skills including sound, touch and motor coordination, to name just a few. Oral language is ubiquitous across cultures throughout human history. However, this is not the case for written language, which is, in an evolutionary sense, relatively new. As such, the human brain does not have a dedicated “reading system” and relies instead upon established neural networks and circuitry to build and refine the skills required for reading and writing (see (1) for a discussion of the neuronal recycling hypothesis for arithmetic and reading).
Confronting harassment and violence in Canadian workplaces: Insights and evolutions
Authors: Berlingieri Adriana , MacQuarrie Barb
Published: January 2024

Confronting harassment and violence in Canadian workplaces: Insights and evolutions

Dr. Adriana Berlingieri, Research Associate and Barb MacQuarrie, Community Director at the Centre for Research & Education on Violence Against Women & Children in Canada, discuss the prevalence and impact of harassment and violence in the workplace. In Canada, every jurisdiction, including the federal level, ten provinces, and three territories, has enacted legislation to address harassment and violence at work. These laws are dynamic, reflecting ongoing efforts to ensure a safe working environment free from harassment and violence for all employees.
Focal Cemento- Osseous Dysplasia - A Case Report
Authors: Aswani E  , Omar Basheer Altaher Mohammed
Published: January 2024

Cemento- osseous dysplasia is a reactive benign fibro-osseous lesion with the most commonly occurring type being Focal cemento-osseous dysplasia (FCOD). It is categorized by the replacement of normal bone with fibrous tissue along with calcification resembling cementum like structures. Most of the lesions were asymptomatic and no treatment was required. When the lesion is infected with any secondary local or systemic agent, it becomes symptomatic and intervention is required. Here, we report a case of asymptomatic FCOD of the mandible in a 29-year-old female patient. Histopathological evaluation of the biopsy specimen by decalcified sections aided in the final diagnosis of the case.
Evaluation of the Success of E-Log Book Implementation for Handline Fishing Gear at Bitung Fishing Port
Authors: Mujiyono Muhamad Kukuh , Mudzakir Abdul Kohar , Elfitasari Tita
Published: January 2024

Ensure optimal and sustainable management of fishery resources and the preservation of fishery resources, accurate fisheries data is essential. One way to achieve this, is by using fishing log books. Improvements have been made by developing an electronic-based fishing log book (e-log book) that is Android-based, paperless, and capable of offline mode. However, an evaluation of the use of e-log books in the perspective of captains (users), has not been conducted. This research aims at assessing  user satisfaction propensity and evaluating the extent of the success of the implementation of the e-log book for handline fishing gear at Bitung Fishing Port (PPS) using the DeLone and McLean model. The sampling method employed is purposive sampling, with 115 respondents consisting of handline captains who use e-log books. The research was carried out for 3 (three) months in January – March 2023.The data analysis was conducted using propensity test and PLS-SEM. The propensity test results indicate that the implementation of e-log books at Bitung Fishing Port is in the high category at 77.39%. The PLS-SEM analysis results indicate that out of the four proposed hypotheses, not all were supported and accepted. The quality of the system and service influences user satisfaction, and user satisfaction also affects net benefits. However, the quality of information does not impact user satisfaction. The conclusion drawn from this study depicts that, the satisfaction of handline fishing gear captains regarding the implementation of e-log books at Bitung Fishing Port is at a "high" level. Meanwhile, the e-log book application implementation still faces some challenges or aspects that need improvement to achieve the expected level of success.
Co-precipitation vs. Green Synthesis: A Comparative Analysis of Structure, Morphology, Optical Properties, and Antibacterial Activity of Ag/ZnO Nanocomposite
Authors: Lakshmi S. Magara Jothi , Rejith S. G.
Published: January 2024

Ag/ZnO nanocomposites were successfully prepared through co-precipitation (CS) and a green synthesis (GS) route mediated by Moringa Oleifera. The confirmation of their formation was evident from the simultaneous presence of Ag and ZnO reflections in powder X-ray diffraction. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis disclosed an average particle size of approximately 22 nm and 146 nm for CS and GS samples, respectively. The CS sample exhibited a disstinctive flower-like morphology, indicating a unique self-assembly and growth pattern, while the GS sample displayed an almost rectangular shape. Structural composition and functional groups in the nanocomposites were analyzed using FT-IR spectroscopy. The direct band gaps were determined as 3.12 eV for CS and 3.10 eV for GS samples using a Tauc plot derived from UV-Vis NIR spectrometry. Notably, the antibacterial evaluation of the green-synthesized Ag/ZnO exhibited a pronounced zone of inhibition against both gram-positive (S. aureus) and gram-negative (E. coli) bacteria, demonstrating superior efficacy compared to chemically prepared Ag/ZnO. Overall, the study highlights the successful synthesis, structural characterization, and enhanced antibacterial properties of Ag/ZnO nanocomposites via a green route mediated by Moringa Oleifera.
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