bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Changes in the prevalence of overweight/obesity and adiposity among pre-school children in Kraków, Poland, from 2008 to 2018
Authors: Żegleń Magdalena , Kryst Łukasz , Kowal Małgorzata , Woronkowicz Agnieszka , Sobiecki Jan
Published: January 2020

Socioeconomic changes occurring over time influence the lifestyle choices of a population, and these can significantly affect children’s body weight and composition. The aim of this study was to assess the changes in prevalence of overweight, obesity and adiposity in pre-school children in Poland between 2008 and 2018. Body height, body weight and subscapular and triceps skinfolds were measured in 2167 children aged 3–7 years from Kraków. Body mass index and adiposity (percentage body fat, %BF) were calculated for the children, who were then categorized as underweight, normal weight, overweight or obese according to Cole’s cut-off points. Adiposity was categorized according to thez-scores for %BF as low (<−1), normal (−1 to 1) or high (>1). Differences between cohorts were analysed using the chi-squared test. Only the decrease in the prevalence of obesity in 5-year-old girls was found to be statistically significant. However, some overall tendencies were noted. Decreases in the prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity were observed for both sexes, as well as in the incidence of high adiposity in boys and low adiposity in girls. Increases in the prevalence of high adiposity in girls and low adiposity in boys were also noted. There was no significant change in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among pre-school children over the study decade, and the visible tendencies included decreases in the prevalence of excess body weight and adiposity as well as underweight and low body fat. Also, the visible trends in adiposity were mostly negative. Further studies should, however, also consider the levels of physical fitness and activity of children, as these have a crucial influence on the measured characteristics.
Birth weight associated with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry-determined muscle–bone unit in young healthy women from the Nutritionists’ Health Study
Authors: Valente Angélica Marques Martins , de Almeida-Pititto Bianca , Archanjo Ferraro Alexandre , Dias Folchetti Luciana G. , Tande Silva Isis , Ferreira Sandra Roberta G.
Published: January 2020

Muscle and bone have been considered a functional unit that grows together early in life, deteriorates with aging, and can cause osteosarcopenia. Due to its importance in public health, detecting risk factors in early life is desirable. This study examined whether birth weight (BW) was associated with muscle–bone unit using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) parameters in young women from the Nutritionists’ Health Study (NutriHS), a cohort study of undergraduates and Nutrition graduates. This cross-sectional analysis included 170 young healthy women who answered early life events-questionnaire, and had anthropometric, muscle tests and DXA-determined body composition and bone densitometry (iDXA-Lunar®). A blood sample was obtained for a subsample of 148 participants. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) was calculated. BW was categorized in quartiles (BWq) and variables of interest compared by ANOVA. Associations of BWq with calf circumference (CC), handgrip, muscle performance tests, ASMI, bone mineral density and content (BMD and BMC), and plasma glucose, lipids, insulin, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were performed using multiple linear regression and directed acyclic graph-recommended adjustments. Mean values of age, body mass index, and BW were 23.0 years (20.0–28.0), 22.9 ± 2.9 kg/m2, and 3199 ± 424 g, respectively. Comparing variables across BWq, significant differences in CC, handgrip, ASMI, and total body BMC were detected. Regression models adjusted for confounders showed associations of BWq with CC (β = 0.72, p = 0.005), handgrip (β = 1.53, p = 0.001), ASMI (β = 0.16, p = 0.022), total body BMC (β = 64.8, p = 0.005), total femur BMC (β = 0.70, p = 0.041), total body BMD (β = 0.02, p = 0.043), and lumbar spine BMD (β = 0.03, p = 0.028). We conclude that BW is associated with muscle–bone unit using DXA-parameters in Brazilian young healthy women from the NutriHS, suggesting a role for intrauterine environment for musculoskeletal health.
Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) in sub-Saharan Africa and associations with undernutrition, and governance in children under five years of age: a systematic review
Authors: Momberg D. J. , Ngandu B. C. , Voth-Gaeddert L. E. , Cardoso Ribeiro K. , May J. , Norris S. A. , Said-Mohamed R.
Published: January 2020

Associations between different forms of malnutrition and environmental conditions, including water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH), may contribute towards persistently poor child health, growth and cognitive development. Experiencing poor nutrition in utero or during early childhood is furthermore associated with chronic diseases later in life. The primary responsibility for provision of water and sanitation, as a basic service and human right, lies with the State; however, a number of stakeholders are involved. The situation is most critical in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where, in 2015, 311 million people lacked a safe water source, and >70% of SSA populations were living without adequate sanitation. The aim of this paper was to conduct a systematic review to investigate the state of literature concerned with WASH and its association with nutritional status, and governance in children from birth to 5 years of age in SSA. Articles were sourced from PubMed Central, Science Direct and ProQuest Social Science databases published between 1990 and 2017. The PRISMA Statement was utilised and this systematic review is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42017071700). The search terms returned 15,351 articles for screening, with 46 articles included. This is indicative of a limited body of knowledge; however, the number of publications on this topic has been increasing, suggesting burgeoning field of interest. Targeted research on the governance of WASH through the identification of the various role players and stakeholders at various levels, while understanding the policy environment in relation to particular health-related outcomes is imperative to address the burden of child undernutrition.
Aspect Ratio of Eddies Inferred From Argo Floats and Satellite Altimeter Data in the Ocean
Authors: Liu ZhiYing , Liao GuangHong , Hu XiaoKai , Zhou BeiFeng
Published: January 2020

Mesoscale eddies dominate the majority of oceanic kinetic energy. The size of eddies is one of the basic properties; however, little is known about it because of lack of observations. Especially, their global vertical extent has still not been well investigated. Here, a ratio relationship of height to length scale for an eddy is derived based on dynamical constraints. Global satellite altimetry data combined with Argo float observations are used to calculate the aspect ratios of mesoscale eddies in the global ocean, and then their vertical scale is inferred. Approximately 25% of the total identified eddies with lifetimes ≥16 weeks from January 2002 to December 2017 trapped at least an Argo float near the eddy center. The result shows that the size of eddies has an obvious latitudinal dependence. Eddies at middle‐low latitudes tend to be “large and shallow” with small aspect ratios, and eddies at high latitudes tend to be “small and deep– reaching” with large aspect ratios. Such results are coarsely considered as a competition between rotation and stratification. Eddy aspect ratios in middle‐high‐latitude regions show enhanced variance compared to those in low‐latitude regions. More than half of eddies have a vertical extent smaller than 400 m. The majority of eddies extend over the mixed layer depth and are instead situated in the pycnocline. Some eddies at the middle‐high latitudes penetrate through the entire pycnocline and reach deep ocean; as such, these eddies may play an important role in linking the deep‐sea circulations and the surface circulations.
Resolving Deep Critical Zone Architecture in Complex Volcanic Terrain
Authors: Moravec Bryan G. , White Alissa M. , Root Robert A. , Sanchez Andres , Olshansky Yaniv , Paras Ben K. , Carr Bradley , McIntosh Jennifer , Pelletier Jon D. , Rasmussen Craig , Holbrook W. Steven , Chorover Jon
Published: January 2020

Critical zone (CZ) structure, including the spatial distribution of minerals, elements, and fluid‐filled pores, evolves on geologic time scales resulting from both top‐down climatic forcing and bottom‐up geologic controls. Climate and lithology may be imprinted in subsurface structure as depth‐dependent trends in geophysical, geochemical, mineralogical, and biological datasets. As the weathering profile is as much (or more) a product of past environmental conditions, development of predictive models requires understanding the relative roles of climatic forcing and the geologic template on which CZ processes evolve. Doing so in complex volcanic terrains with high initial bedrock porosity and distinct depositional and hydrothermal alteration histories is particularly challenging. To resolve CZ structure in a rhyolitic catchment in the Valles Caldera National Preserve (NM, USA), this study combined geophysics, drilling, and laboratory analyses to produce depth‐resolved porosity, geochemistry, and mineralogy datasets to >40 m in depth. Quantitative X‐ray diffraction analysis showed that local mineral transformations control complex chemical enrichment/depletion (τ) patterns. Using linear discriminant analysis, key variables enabled separation of complex‐layered geology into discrete zones. Contemporary, matrix‐dominated weathering processes and modern hydrologic fluxes occur dominantly within the top 15 m of the weathering profile. This zone is convoluted by incomplete primary mineral weathering and overprinted by post‐eruption weathering and metasomatism. Matrix weathering transitions to fracture surface weathering driven by deep percolation of slower moving, longer residence time meteoric waters at depth. By altering initial conditions and weathering trajectory, geologic legacy is a critical factor in how this subsurface landscape evolved and functions.
Observations of Tidal Melt and Vertical Strain at the Filchner‐Ronne Ice Shelf, Antarctica
Authors: Vaňková Irena , Nicholls Keith W. , Corr Hugh F. J. , Makinson Keith , Brennan Paul V.
Published: January 2020

The Filchner‐Ronne Ice Shelf experiences strong tidal forcing known to displace portions of the ice shelf by several meters over a tidal cycle. These large periodic displacements may cause significant variation of the ice shelf vertical strain. Further, tidal currents in the ice shelf cavity may be responsible for basal melt variations. We deployed autonomous phase‐sensitive radio‐echo sounders at 17 locations across the ice shelf and measured basal motion and internal vertical ice motion at sufficiently short intervals to allow the resolution of all significant tidal constituents. Basal melt estimates with this surface‐based technique rely on accurate estimation of vertical strain changes in the ice shelf. We present a method that can separate the vertical strain changes from the total thickness changes at tidal time scales, yielding a tidal basal melt estimate. The method was used to identify vertical strain and basal melt variations at the predominant semidiurnal
tidal constituent. At most sites the tidal vertical strain was depth independent. Tidal deformation at four sites was controlled by local effects causing elastic bending. Significant tidal melt was observed to occur at six locations, and upper bounds on the tidal melt amplitude were derived for the remaining sites. Finally, we show that observations of basal melt spectra, specifically at tidal frequencies and their multiples, can provide constraints on the hydrographic conditions near the ice base, such as the nontidal background ocean flow.
A Trojan Horse for live-cell super-resolution microscopy
Authors: Beliu Gerti , Sauer Markus
Published: January 2020

New peptide vehicles enable the efficient live-cell labeling of intracellular organelles with cell-impermeable fluorescent probes by simple coincubation, paving the way for refined multicolor super-resolution fluorescence imaging.
Mineralization versus fermentation: evidence for two distinct anaerobic bacterial degradation pathways for dichloromethane
Authors: Chen Gao , Fisch Alexander R , Gibson Caleb M , Erin Mack E , Seger Edward S , Campagna Shawn R , Löffler Frank E
Published: January 2020

Dichloromethane (DCM) is an anthropogenic pollutant with ozone destruction potential that is also formed naturally. Under anoxic conditions, fermentation of DCM to acetate and formate has been reported in axenic culture Dehalobacterium formicoaceticum, and to acetate, H2 and CO2 in mixed culture RM, which harbors the DCM degrader ‘Candidatus Dichloromethanomonas elyunquensis’. RM cultures produced 28.1 ± 2.3 μmol of acetate from 155.6 ± 9.3 μmol DCM, far less than the one third (i.e., about 51.9 µmol) predicted based on the assumed fermentation model, and observed in cultures of Dehalobacterium formicoaceticum. Temporal metabolite analyses using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy revealed that no 13C-labeled acetate was formed in 13C-DCM-grown RM cultures, indicating acetate was not a direct product of DCM metabolism. The data were reconciled with DCM mineralization and H2 consumption via CO2 reduction to acetate and methane by homoacetogenic and methanogenic partner populations, respectively. In contrast, Dehalobacterium formicoaceticum produced 13C-labeled acetate and formate from 13C-DCM, consistent with a fermentation pathway. Free energy change calculations predicted that organisms with the mineralization pathway are the dominant DCM consumers in environments with H2 <100 ppmv. These findings have implications for carbon and electron flow in environments where DCM is introduced through natural production processes or anthropogenic activities.
Circular RNA circ_001621 promotes osteosarcoma cells proliferation and migration by sponging miR-578 and regulating VEGF expression
Authors: Ji Xianglu , Shan Liping , Shen Peng , He Ming
Published: January 2020

Strategies targeted vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-dependent osteosarcoma progression are limited although important progress has been made in illustrating the mechanisms. Here we identified circ_001621 as one of the significantly upregulated circular RNAs (circRNAs) by circRNAs microarrays. We found that patients with high circ_001621 expression had a shorter survival time. Moreover, we found several potential sponge micro RNAs (miRNA) of circ_001621 with Circular RNA Interactome database. Among the candidate sponge, we elucidated the association of circ_001621 and miR-578. In addition, we demonstrated that miR-578 targeted circ_001621 directly. Functionally, we set up the experimental system to investigate the effects of circ_001621/miR-578/VEGF interaction in vitro and in vivo. Results indicated circ_001621-promoted osteosarcoma proliferation and migration via attenuating the inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) by miR-578, respectively. Nude mice experiment was further performed to estimate the promotion of metastasis by circ_001621. The present study evaluated the mechanisms underlying circ_001621 enhanced osteosarcoma progression and provided novel therapeutic targets for advanced osteosarcoma.
MicroRNA-26a/b have protective roles in oral lichen planus
Authors: Du Jie , Gao Ruifang , Wang Yimei , Nguyen Tivoli , Yang Fang , Shi Yongyan , Liu Tianjing , Liao Wang , Li Ran , Zhang Fang , Ge Xuejun , Zhao Bin
Published: January 2020

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a kind of oral epithelial disorder featured with keratinocyte apoptosis and inflammatory reaction. The pathogenesis of OLP remains an enigma. Herein, we showed that the levels of miR-26a/b were robustly down-regulated in oral mucosal biopsies, serum and saliva in OLP patients compared with healthy control. Moreover, we found the binding sites of vitamin D receptor (VDR) in the promoter regions of miR-26a/b genes and proved that the induction of miR-26a/b was VDR dependent. The reduction of miR-26a/b expression was also detected in the oral epithelium of vitamin D deficient or VDR knockout mice. miR-26a/b inhibitors enhanced apoptosis and Type 1T helper (Th1) cells-related cytokines production in oral keratinocytes, whereas miR-26a/b mimics were protective. Mechanistically, we analyzed miRNA target genes and confirmed that miR-26a/b blocked apoptosis by directly targeting Protein Kinase C δ (PKCδ) which promotes cellular apoptotic processes. Meanwhile, miR-26a/b suppressed Th1-related cytokines secretion through targeting cluster of the differentiation 38 (CD38). In accordant with miR-26a/b decreases, PKCδ and CD38 levels were highly elevated in OLP patients’ samples. Taken together, our present investigations suggest that vitamin D/VDR-induced miR-26a/b take protective functions in OLP via both inhibiting apoptosis and impeding inflammatory response in oral keratinocytes.
Author Correction: Sensory innervation in porous endplates by Netrin-1 from osteoclasts mediates PGE2-induced spinal hypersensitivity in mice
Authors: Ni Shuangfei , Ling Zemin , Wang Xiao , Cao Yong , Wu Tianding , Deng Ruoxian , Crane Janet L. , Skolasky Richard , Demehri Shadpour , Zhen Gehua , Jain Amit , Wu Panfeng , Pan Dayu , Hu Bo , Lyu Xiao , Li Yusheng , Chen Hao , Qi Huabin , Guan Yun , Dong Xinzhong , Wan Mei , Zou Xuenong , Lu Hongbin , Hu Jianzhong , Cao Xu
Published: January 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Blockchain vehicles for efficient Medical Record management
Authors: Vazirani Anuraag A. , O’Donoghue Odhran , Brindley David , Meinert Edward
Published: January 2020

The lack of interoperability in Britain’s medical records systems precludes the realisation of benefits generated by increased spending elsewhere in healthcare. Growing concerns regarding the security of online medical data following breaches, and regarding regulations governing data ownership, mandate strict parameters in the development of efficient methods to administrate medical records. Furthermore, consideration must be placed on the rise of connected devices, which vastly increase the amount of data that can be collected in order to improve a patient’s long-term health outcomes. Increasing numbers of healthcare systems are developing Blockchain-based systems to manage medical data. A Blockchain is a decentralised, continuously growing online ledger of records, validated by members of the network. Traditionally used to manage cryptocurrency records, distributed ledger technology can be applied to various aspects of healthcare. In this manuscript, we focus on how Electronic Medical Records in particular can be managed by Blockchain, and how the introduction of this novel technology can create a more efficient and interoperable infrastructure to manage records that leads to improved healthcare outcomes, while maintaining patient data ownership and without compromising privacy or security of sensitive data.
Selective mercury(ii) detection in aqueous solutions upon the absorption changes corresponding to the transition moments polarized along the short axis of an azobenzene chemosensor
Authors: Zhang Lei , Tang Zhenyu , Hou LiLi , Qu Yang , Deng Yawen , Zhang Chenghao , Xie Congxia , Wu Zhongtao
Published: January 2020

A completely water-soluble azobenzene chemosensor shows selective Hg2+ detection properties in wide pH ranges and under different light conditions.
Chain conformation transition induced host–guest assembly between triple helical curdlan and β-CD for drug delivery
Authors: Liu Qingye , Yang Du , Shang Tongyi , Guo Lixiao , Yang Bin , Xu Xiaojuan
Published: January 2020

A novel kind of supramolecular micelle consisting of the triplex curdlan and β-CDs was firstly developed via the conformation transition induced host–guest interaction.
A functionalized dumbbell probe-based cascading exponential amplification DNA machine enables amplified probing of microRNAs
Authors: Wang Jie , Li Shuhui , Xu Jianguo , Lu Yusheng , Lin Min , Wang Chaihung , Zhang Chen , Lin Guoxing , Jia Lee
Published: January 2020

A functionalized dumbbell probe-based cascading exponential amplification DNA machine has been developed for robust determination of miRNA-21.
Frustrated Lewis pair-catalyzed double hydroarylation of alkynes with N-substituted pyrroles
Authors: Guo Jing , Cheong Odelia , Bamford Karlee L. , Zhou Jiliang , Stephan Douglas W.
Published: January 2020

Metal-free hydroarylation of alkynes with N-substituted pyrroles is shown to be efficiently mediated by B(C6F5)3 to yield variants of dipyrrole methanes. The mechanism is shown to proceed via an FLP addition pathway.
Structure of the water-splitting photocatalyst oxysulfide α-LaOInS2 and ab initio prediction of new polymorphs
Authors: Kabbour Houria , Sayede Adlane , Saitzek Sébastien , Lefèvre Gauthier , Cario Laurent , Trentesaux Martine , Roussel Pascal
Published: January 2020

We solve the structure of the visible light water-splitting photocatalyst α-LaOInS2 and investigate its properties. This remarkable oxysulfide represents the second polymorph in this composition and exhibits scarce mixed anion InS5O polyhedra.
3-(4-Methylthiophenyl)acetylacetone – ups and downs of flexibility in the synthesis of mixed metal–organic frameworks. Ditopic bridging of hard and soft cations and site-specific desolvation
Authors: Gildenast Hans , Nölke Stephanie , Englert Ulli
Published: January 2020

Different Pearson-hardness of O and S donors leads to well-ordered mixed metal–organic frameworks.
Combining experiment and computation to elucidate the optical properties of Ce3+ in Ba5Si8O21
Authors: Zhong Jiyou , Hariyani Shruti , Zhuo Ya , Zhao Weiren , Liu Xiang , Wen Jun , Brgoch Jakoah
Published: January 2020

A comprehensive study of a new and complex inorganic silicon-based luminescent material through computational and experimental methods.
Pressure-induced unexpected −2 oxidation states of bromine and superconductivity in magnesium bromide
Authors: Wang Chao , Liu Yunxian , Chen Xin , Lv Pin , Sun Hairui , Liu Xiaobing
Published: January 2020

Upon compression, three unusual stoichiometries are predicted. The Br exhibits an oxidation state of −2 in I4/mmm Mg4Br and Pm3̄m MgBr phases. Moreover, the I4/mmm Mg4Br behave as a typical electride and P21/m-MgBr3 is predicted as superconductor.
Revealing the effect of grain boundary segregation on Li ion transport in polycrystalline anti-perovskite Li3ClO: a phase field study
Authors: Shen Kun , Wang Yixuan , Zhang Jun , Zong Yi , Li Gengwei , Zhao Changchun , Chen Hao
Published: January 2020

Phase field calculated effective diffusivity Deff of Li vacancy in anti-perovskite Li3OCl is shown as a function of average grain sizes. Li vacancy segregation reinforces the negative contribution of grain boundaries on the overall Li diffusion.
A tailored oxide interface creates dense Pt single-atom catalysts with high catalytic activity
Authors: Yoo Mi , Yu Young-Sang , Ha Hyunwoo , Lee Siwon , Choi Jin-Seok , Oh Sunyoung , Kang Eunji , Choi Hyuk , An Hyesung , Lee Kug-Seung , Park Jeong Young , Celestre Richard , Marcus Matthew A. , Nowrouzi Kasra , Taube Doug , Shapiro David A. , Jung WooChul , Kim Chunjoong , Kim Hyun You
Published: January 2020

Catalytic supremacy of Pt-single atoms achieved by CeOx–TiO2interfaces.
Distribution of pesticides in agricultural and urban soils of Brazil: a critical review
Authors: Fernandes Caroline Lopes Feijo , Volcão Lisiane Martins , Ramires Paula Florêncio , Moura Renata Rodrigues De , Da Silva Júnior Flavio Manoel Rodrigues
Published: January 2020

The extensive use of pesticides leads to soil contamination and is harmful to environmental health.
Tracing of iron nanoparticles using an elemental signatures approach: laboratory and field-scale verification
Authors: Skácelová Petra , Lebed Pablo , Filip Jan , Oughton Deborah , Zbořil Radek
Published: January 2020

A new analytical approach for environmental tracing of iron nanoparticles used for nanoremediation has been developed. The methodology is based on ICP-MS analysis of the elemental signature of the nanoparticles.
Nanosilicon-based recovery of barley (Hordeum vulgare) plants subjected to drought stress
Authors: Ghorbanpour Mansour , Mohammadi Hamid , Kariman Khalil
Published: January 2020

The study explores the potential impact of silicon nanoparticles (Si NPs), in comparison with their bulk counterpart (silicate), on post-stress recovery performance of barley (Hordeum vulgare) seedlings under different drought stress intensities during vegetative growth.
Anti-obesity effects of α-amylase inhibitor enriched-extract from white common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) associated with the modulation of gut microbiota composition in high-fat diet-induced obese rats
Authors: Shi Zhenxing , Zhu Yingying , Teng Cong , Yao Yang , Ren Guixing , Richel Aurore
Published: January 2020

α-Amylase inhibitors (α-AI) have great potential to treat obesity.
Sesamol: a powerful functional food ingredient from sesame oil for cardioprotection
Authors: Jayaraj Premkumar , Narasimhulu Chandrakala A. , Rajagopalan Sanjay , Parthasarathy Sampath , Desikan Rajagopal
Published: January 2020

Phytophenols are important bioactive food based chemical entities, largely present in several natural sources.
Greener synthesis of lignin nanoparticles and their applications
Authors: Iravani Siavash , Varma Rajender S.
Published: January 2020

Greener synthesis of lignin nanoparticles and their important biomedical applications are discussed.
The potential of decarbonising rice and wheat by incorporating carbon capture, utilisation and storage into fertiliser production
Authors: Gonzalez-Diaz A. , Jiang L. , Roskilly A. P. , Smallbone A. J.
Published: January 2020

This paper evaluates the reduction on greenhouse gas emissions in rice and wheat and their supply chains by incorporating CCUS into fertiliser production mainly from ammonia process, which is the section of fertiliser that produces the most CO2.
Improvement in the analytical performance of underwater LIBS signals by exploiting the plasma image information
Authors: Li Qingyang , Tian Ye , Xue Boyang , Li Nan , Ye Wangquan , Lu Yuan , Zheng Ronger
Published: January 2020

A normalization method for underwater LIBS signals by using a synchronous plasma image is proposed and used for quantitative analysis.
The effect of polar headgroups and spacer length on the DNA transfection of cholesterol-based cationic lipids
Authors: Radchatawedchakoon Widchaya , Thongbamrer Chopaka , Konbamrung Wuttiphong , Khattawee Phakamas , Sakee Uthai , Roobsoong Wanlapa , Sattabongkot Jetsumon , Opanasopit Praneet , Yingyongnarongkul Boon-ek
Published: January 2020

Lysine-diamine-conjugated cholesterol-based cationic lipids with different headgroups and spacer lengths were synthesized. The active lipid was studied on the basis of transfection efficiency and physicochemical properties.
Optically and electrically excited intermediate electronic states in donor:acceptor based OLEDs
Authors: Bunzmann Nikolai , Weissenseel Sebastian , Kudriashova Liudmila , Gruene Jeannine , Krugmann Benjamin , Grazulevicius Juozas Vidas , Sperlich Andreas , Dyakonov Vladimir
Published: January 2020

Using spin-sensitive techniques, we show that optical excitation and electrical generation in donor:acceptor TADF OLEDs involve different excited state pathways towards light emission.
Protein-resistant surface based on zwitterion-functionalized nanoparticles for marine antifouling applications
Authors: Sun Ding , Li Peiyun , Li Xiong , Wang Xuefen
Published: January 2020

A functional nanocomposite (PSBMA@VTMO@silica/TA-PEG) coating was successfully developed through a facile deposition method, and was able to effectively block the adhesion of proteins and subsequent biofouling deposition.
Phosphorus-triggered synergy of phase transformation and chalcogenide vacancy migration in cobalt sulfide for an efficient oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Liu Suli , Che Chenjing , Jing Haiyan , Zhao Jun , Mu Xueqin , Zhang Sudi , Chen Changyun , Mu Shichun
Published: January 2020

Featuring surface reorganization and phase transformation simultaneously on cobalt chalcogenide, Co0.37S0.38P0.02 exhibits excellent OER and HER activity and stability. Furthermore, it shows high performance towards overall water splitting.
Flexible cycloalkyl substituents in insertion polymerization with α-diimine nickel and palladium species
Authors: Dai Shengyu , Li Shuaikang , Xu Guoyong , Wu Cheng , Liao Yudan , Guo Lihua
Published: January 2020

The investigation of the relationship between the structure of the catalyst and the microstructure of the obtained polymer has attracted much attention and broad interest in the field of transition metal-catalyzed olefin polymerization.
A ferromagnetic Ni(ii)–Cr(iii) single-chain magnet based on pentagonal bipyramidal building units
Authors: Bretosh Kateryna , Béreau Virginie , Duhayon Carine , Pichon Céline , Sutter Jean-Pascal
Published: January 2020

The first example of a ferromagnetic Ni(ii)–Cr(iii) single-chain magnet fashioned using pentagonal bipyramidal Ni(ii) complexes with Ising-type anisotropy.
Catalytic asymmetric 1,4-type Friedel–Crafts (hetero)arylations of 1-azadienes: the highly enantioselective syntheses of chiral hetero-triarylmethanes
Authors: Wang Cheng-Jie , Yang Qi-Qiong , Wang Mei-Xin , Shang Yun-Han , Tong Xin-Yu , Deng Yu-Hua , Shao Zhihui
Published: January 2020

Strategies for achieving the direct catalytic asymmetric syntheses of benzofuran-containing hetero-triarylmethanes using a 1,4-type Friedel–Crafts (hetero)arylation reaction were developed.
Retracted Article: Down-regulation of the radiation-induced pEGFRThr654 mediated activation of DNA-PK by Cetuximab in cervical cancer cells
Authors: Qi Yunxiang , Lang Jinyi , Zhu Xiaodong , Huang Jianming , Li Lu , Yi Guangming
Published: January 2020

The phosphorylation of EGFRThr654 is required for nuclear EGFR importing, and our previous study has shown that pEGFRThr654 is an independent prognostic factor for the low survival rate of patients with cervical squamous carcinoma.
Diastereoselective synthesis of atropisomeric pyrazolyl pyrrolo[3,4-d]isoxazolidines via pyrazolyl nitrone cycloaddition to facially divergent maleimides: intensive NMR and DFT studies
Authors: Said Awad I. , El-Emary Talaat I.
Published: January 2020

Diastereoselective pyrazole-based atropisomeric cycloadducts were formed by cycloaddition of a pyrazole-based nitrone and maleimides with restricted rotation around C–N bond caused by bulk ortho substitution.
Effectiveness of Zr and Hf incorporation into LaCoO3 towards fast and thermodynamically favorable solar thermochemical CO production studied with density functional theory
Authors: Fu Mingkai , Wang Lei , Ma Tianzeng , Ma Haitao , Xu Huajun , Dou Liguang , Chang Zheshao , Li Xin
Published: January 2020

Effectiveness of Zr and Hf doping into LaCoO3 towards fast and efficient solar thermochemical CO production.
Merging versatile polymer chemistry with multifunctional nanoparticles: an overview of crosslinkable aromatic polyester matrix nanocomposites
Authors: Bakir Mete , Meyer Jacob L. , Pang Siyuan , Economy James , Jasiuk Iwona
Published: January 2020

Crosslinked aromatic copolyester nanocomposites demonstrate multifunctional macroscale properties, introducing superior performance elements to polymer nanocomposite applications towards designing advanced composite material.
Chemically tuned, bi-functional polar interlayer for TiO2 photoanodes in fibre-shaped dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Ardhi Ryanda Enggar Anugrah , Tran Minh Xuan , Wang Manxiang , Liu Guicheng , Lee Joong Kee
Published: January 2020

A polar interlayer is introduced to TiO2 photoanodes as a novel strategy to improve the performance of fibre-shaped dye-sensitized solar cells.
Studies on interaction potency model based on drug synergy and therapeutic potential of triple stimuli-responsive delivery of doxorubicin and 5-fluoro-2-deoxyuridine against lymphoma using disulfide-bridged cysteine over mesoporous silica nanoparticles
Authors: Srivastava Prateek , Hira Sumit Kumar , Paladhi Ankush , Singh Ranjeet , Gupta Uttam , Srivastava Divesh Narayan , Singh Ram Adhar , Manna Partha Pratim
Published: January 2020

A combination drug regimen involving doxorubicin and 5FU in association with folic acid formed a triple stimuli responsive drug delivery platform, fabricated on mesoporous silica nanoparticle for targeting delivery against a murine lymphoma.
Zinc-/copper-substituted dicalcium silicate cement: advanced biomaterials with enhanced osteogenesis and long-term antibacterial properties
Authors: Zhang Feng , Zhou Mingming , Gu Weizhong , Shen Zheng , Ma Xiaohui , Lu Fengling , Yang Xianyan , Zheng Youyang , Gou Zhongru
Published: January 2020

Dicalcium silicate (C2S) cements doped with Zn or Cu exhibited appreciable osteogenic activity and prolonged antibacterial potential in comparison with C2S cement.
TEMPOL-promoted oxygen doping of a polytriarylamine hole-transport layer for efficient and stable lead halide perovskite solar cells
Authors: Tsarev Sergey , Kraevaya Olga A. , Luchkin Sergey Yu. , Stevenson Keith J. , Troshin Pavel A.
Published: January 2020

In this study, 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPOL) is presented as an additive to modify a polytriarylamine-based hole transport layer (HTL) for perovskite solar cells assembled in a regular n–i–p configuration.
Tunneling-induced negative permittivity in Ni/MnO nanocomposites by a bio-gel derived strategy
Authors: Xie Peitao , Li Yifan , Hou Qing , Sui Kunyan , Liu Chunzhao , Fu Xueyan , Zhang Jiaoxia , Murugadoss Vignesh , Fan Jincheng , Wang Yanpeng , Fan Runhua , Guo Zhanhu
Published: January 2020

Tunneling-induced negative permittivity is attributed to the low frequency plasmonic state in tunneling networks, where nickel nanoparticles are still isolated geometrically but connected electrically.
PAQR9 Modulates BAG6-mediated protein quality control of mislocalized membrane proteins
Authors: You Xue , Lin Yijun , Hou Yongfan , Xu Lijiao , Cao Qianqian , Chen Yan
Published: January 2020

Protein quality control is crucial for maintaining cellular homeostasis and its dysfunction is closely linked to human diseases. The post-translational protein quality control machinery mainly composed of BCL-2-associated athanogene 6 (BAG6) is responsible for triage of mislocalized membrane proteins (MLPs). However, it is unknown how the BAG6-mediated degradation of MLPs is regulated. We report here that PAQR9, a member of the Progesterone and AdipoQ receptor (PAQR) family, is able to modulate BAG6-mediated triage of MLPs. Analysis with mass spectrometry identified that BAG6 is one of the major proteins interacting with PAQR9 and such interaction is confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation and co-localization assays. The protein degradation rate of representative MLPs is accelerated by PAQR9 knockdown. Consistently, the polyubiquitination of MLPs is enhanced by PAQR9 knockdown. PAQR9 binds to the DUF3538 domain within the proline-rich stretch of BAG6. PAQR9 reduces the binding of MLPs to BAG6 in a DUF3538 domain-dependent manner. Taken together, our results indicate that PAQR9 plays a role in the regulation of protein quality control of MLPs via affecting the interaction of BAG6 with membrane proteins.
The VLT-FLAMES Tarantula Survey
Authors: Markova N. , Puls J. , Dufton P. L. , Lennon D. J. , Evans C. J. , de Koter A. , Ramírez-Agudelo O. H. , Sana H. , Vink J. S.
Published: January 2020

Analysis of late O-type stars observed in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) by the VLT-FLAMES Tarantula Survey revealed a discrepancy between the physical properties estimated from model-atmosphere analysis and those expected from their morphological classifications. Here we revisit the analysis of 32 of these puzzling objects using new hydrogen-helium-silicon FASTWIND models and a different fitting approach to re-evaluate their physical properties. Our new analysis confirms that these stars indeed have properties that are typical of late O-type dwarfs. We also present the first estimates of silicon abundances for O-type stars in the 30 Dor clusters NGC 2060 and NGC 2070, with a weighted mean abundance for our sample of ɛSi = 7.05 ± 0.03. Our values are ~0.20 dex lower than those previously derived for B-type stars in the LMC clusters N 11 and NGC 2004 using TLUSTY models. Various possibilities (e.g. differences in the analysis methods, effects of microturbulence, and real differences between stars in different clusters) were considered to account for these results. We also used our grid of FASTWIND models to reassess the impact of using the Galactic classification criteria for late O-type stars in the LMC by scrutinising their sensitivity to different stellar properties. At the cool edge of the O star regime the He II λ4686/He I λ4713 ratio used to assign luminosity class for Galactic stars can mimic giants or bright giants in the LMC, even for objects with high gravities (log g > 4.0 dex). We argue that this line ratio is not a reliable luminosity diagnostic for late O-type stars in the LMC, and that the Si IV λ4089/He I λ4026 ratio is more robust for these types.
Brevetabilité d’un anticorps
Authors: Collin Matthieu , Davison Sophie
Published: January 2020

Les anticorps monoclonaux représentent aujourd’hui la classe médicamenteuse la plus importante en termes de ventes mondiales. L’obtention d’une protection par brevet de ces molécules est donc cruciale. Une dynamique active de dépôts de demandes de brevets pour protéger les inventions que ces molécules représentent existe donc autant dans l’industrie que dans le monde de la recherche académique. Cependant, les demandeurs doivent faire face à des difficultés récurrentes pour obtenir des brevets de portée importante et faire valoir leurs droits devant les tribunaux. Les trois critères les plus débattus autour des revendications d’anticorps sont : la suffisance/clarté de l’invention, la nouveauté et l’activité inventive. L’objectif de cet article est donc de faire un état des lieux de la pratique en la matière.
Développabilité
Authors: Dumas Jacques , Huille Sylvain , Prades Catherine
Published: January 2020

Les anticorps thérapeutiques et leurs dérivés (fragments d’anticorps, conjugués, etc.) constituent aujourd’hui l’un des segments du marché biopharmaceutique les plus dynamiques. De par leurs propriétés intrinsèques de spécificité vis-à-vis de leur cible, de leur affinité modulable et de par leur stabilité, les anticorps sont devenus des agents thérapeutiques de tout premier choix. Un des challenges de ce secteur est de créer des anticorps de très bonne qualité, de plus en plus rapidement, tout en ayant des coûts de développement de moins en moins conséquents in fine.
Anesthetic Challenges in Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Balasubramanyam Uma , Kapoor Poonam Malhotra
Published: January 2020

The transition of cardiac surgery away from the traditional sternotomy approach toward more minimally invasive strategies continues to evolve over time. The first minimally invasive cardiac surgery was performed in 2005 in New York by a team led by Dr. Joseph T. McGinn. Anesthesiologists play in a key role in facilitating optimal outcomes in such procedures. Perioperative management of these patients poses specific challenges to the anesthesia team. The anesthesiologist must be skilled in numerous subspecialty skillsets including regional anesthesia and analgesia techniques, and elements of thoracic anesthesia practice, in particular one-lung ventilation (OLV), cardiac anesthesia, and transesophageal echocardiography.
Term Labor Outcomes after Cerclage Placement in a Multi-institutional Cohort
Authors: Bauer Alison M. , Lappen Justin R. , Hackney David N.
Published: January 2020

Objective The placement of a cervical cerclage in early pregnancy could influence subsequent labor outcomes at term. Prior studies have yielded conflicting results regarding the potential association with adverse labor outcomes such as cesarean delivery (CD), cervical laceration, and prolonged labor. Our objective was to evaluate rate of CD and adverse maternal outcomes in women who labored at term with and without a cerclage within the Consortium on Safe Labor (CSL) cohort. We hypothesize that women with a cerclage in the incident pregnancy will have an increased frequency of CD and other adverse term labor outcomes.

Study Design A retrospective cohort study was performed using data from the CSL. Women with live nonanomalous singleton gestations≥ 37 weeks with induced or spontaneous labor were identified. The risk of CD and other maternal and neonatal outcomes were compared between women with and without cerclage placement during pregnancy. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed with adjustment for confounding factors. Planned subgroup analysis by history of CD was performed.

Results A total of 374 of the 147,463 patients who met study inclusion criteria in the CSL (0.25%) had a cerclage. In univariable analysis, cerclage placement was associated with a significant increase in the frequency of CD (17.1 vs. 12.8%, p = 0.016, odds ratio: 1.4, 95% CI: 1.07–1.84), cervical lacerations, infectious morbidity, and blood loss. The association with CD persisted in multivariable regression. Cerclage placement was not associated with an increased risk of neonatal morbidity.

Conclusion Cerclage placement in pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of CD, cervical laceration, and infectious morbidity among women delivering at term. These findings suggest that cerclage placement may impact labor progression and outcomes. However, the magnitude of the association may not alter clinical decisions regarding cerclage placement in appropriate candidates.
Functionability in complex networks: Leading nodes for the transition from structural to functional networks through remote asynchronization
Authors: Rosell-Tarragó Gemma , Díaz-Guilera Albert
Published: January 2020

Complex networks are essentially heterogeneous not only in the basic properties of the constituent nodes, such as their degree, but also in the effects that these have on the global dynamical properties of the network. Networks of coupled identical phase oscillators are good examples for analyzing these effects, since an overall synchronized state can be considered a reference state. A small variation of intrinsic node parameters may cause the system to move away from synchronization, and a new phase-locked stationary state can be achieved. We propose a measure of phase dispersion that quantifies the functional response of the system to a given local perturbation. As a particular implementation, we propose a variation of the standard Kuramoto model in which the nodes of a complex network interact with their neighboring nodes, by including a node-dependent frustration parameter. The final stationary phase-locked state now depends on the particular frustration parameter at each node and also on the network topology. We exploit this scenario by introducing individual frustration parameters and measuring what their effect on the whole network is, measured in terms of the phase dispersion, which depends only on the topology of the network and on the choice of the particular node that is perturbed. This enables us to define a characteristic of the node, its functionability, that can be computed analytically in terms of the network topology. Finally, we provide a thorough comparison with other centrality measures.
Controlled heating and alignment platform enhances versatility in colloidal probe fabrication
Authors: Schmitz Russell C. , Wohl Christopher J. , Tiemsin Pacita I. , Genzer Jan
Published: January 2020

A colloidal probe, comprising a colloidal particle attached to an atomic force microscope cantilever, is employed to measure interaction forces between the particle and a surface. It is possible to change or even destroy a particle while attaching it to a cantilever, thus limiting the types of systems to which the colloidal probe technique may be applied. Here, we present the Controlled Heating and Alignment Platform (CHAP) for fabricating colloidal probes without altering the original characteristics of the attached particle. The CHAP applies heat directly to the atomic force microscope chip to rapidly and precisely control the cantilever temperature. It minimizes particle heating and enables control over the viscosity of the thermoplastic adhesive to prevent it from contaminating the particle surface. 3D-printed components made the CHAP compatible with standard optical microscopes and streamlined the fabrication process, while increasing the platform’s versatility. To demonstrate the utility of CHAP, we conducted a case study using a thermoplastic wax adhesive to fabricate colloidal probes bearing polystyrene and silica particles between 0.7 and 40 μm in diameter. We characterized the properties and interactions of the adhesive and particles, as well as the properties of the completed probes, to demonstrate the retention of particle features throughout fabrication. Pull-off tests with CHAP’s probes measured adhesive force values in the expected ranges and demonstrated that particles were firmly attached to the cantilevers.
Ferroic tunnel junctions and their application in neuromorphic networks
Authors: Guo Rui , Lin Weinan , Yan Xiaobing , Venkatesan T. , Chen Jingsheng
Published: January 2020

Brain-inspired neuromorphic computing has been intensively studied due to its potential to address the inherent energy and throughput limitations of conventional Von-Neumann based computing architecture. Memristors are ideal building blocks for artificial synapses, which are the fundamental components of neuromorphic computing. In recent years, the emerging ferroic (ferroelectric and ferromagnetic) tunnel junctions have been shown to be able to function as memristors, which are potential candidates to emulate artificial synapses for neuromorphic computing. Here, we provide a review on the ferroic tunnel junctions and their applications as artificial synapses in neuromorphic networks. We focus on the development history of ferroic tunnel junctions, their physical conduction mechanisms, and the intrinsic dynamics of memristors. Their current applications in neuromorphic networks will also be discussed. Finally, a conclusion and future outlooks on the development of ferroic tunnel junctions will be given. Our goal is to give a broad review of ferroic tunnel junction based artificial synapses that can be applied to neuromorphic computing and to help further ongoing research in this field.
Numerical analysis on the characteristics of particle orbits in quasi-axisymmetric stellarator
Authors: Su C. Y. , Chen S. Y. , Liu H. F. , Mou M. L. , Guo W. P. , Tang C. J.
Published: January 2020

Based on the magnetic field configuration of the Chinese First Quasi-axisymmetric Stellarator (CFQS) device, three types of orbits such as the passing orbit, blocked trapped orbit, and localized trapped orbit are simulated using the Boris algorithm. Also, the orbital topology, orbit transition, and loss characteristics of these particles under different initial conditions are studied in this paper. It is found that there exists a transition from blocked trapped orbits to localized trapped orbits due to small continuous helical ripples. This phenomenon is analyzed as follows: we define the angle between the particle drift velocity (v→D) and the radial direction (ρ^) as β. If the blocked-localized transition appears in the region where β>90○, the localized particles will return to the blocked particles and be constrained. However, if the blocked-localized transition happens in the region where β<90○, localized particles will drift out of the last closed flux surface and be lost. The simulation results show that the loss of localized particles in the CFQS is mainly located in some specific regions within the vicinity of the toroidal angle φ=0○,180○ and the poloidal angle θ=90○.