Synthesis and Spectroscopic Characterization of Zinc Sulphide nanoparticles using Microwave irradiation of Zinc complex of Thiosemicarbazone ligand as a Single Molecular precursor : Pharmacological activities
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, ITM University, Gwalior (M.P.) – 474005, India, Rai S. , Kothari R. ,   Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, ITM University, Gwalior (M.P.) – 474005, India
Published: February 2023

Single molecular precursors are appropriate starting materials for synthesis of semiconductor nanoparticles (NPs), which allow for the control of atomic ratio, monodispersity, composition and particle size of nanoscaled metallic sulfide nanoparticles. In the present study, we have reported the synthesis of nanostructured chalcogenides pharmacologically active active zinc sulfide nanoparticles (ZnS NPs) using Zn (II) ion inserted thiosemicarbazone ligand as a single molecular precursor .The precursors were thermally pyrolysized using high energy microwave radiations to obtain very fine ZnS nanoparticles. In this synthesis, we use DMSO as a nonpolar solvent for the synthesis of all compounds. The heating of Zinc complex in the non- aqueous environment of DMSO plays a very crucial role in decreasing reaction time, reducing the chances of side reactions and proper conversion of Zn complex into ZnS nanoparticles. In this reaction Zn complex of thiosemicarbazone ligand provides both Zn2+ and S2- ions for synthesis of ZnS nanoparticles. The microwave synthesis of ZnS NPs from Zn complex is a very simple, fast, highly effective, efficient and low cost method. All synthesized compounds were characterized by various structural, electronic, vibrational, optical, morphological and pharmacological characterizations. The prepared ZnS NPs were found to crystallize in cubic phase, which generally forms at low temperatures, with the dimensions dependent upon the molar ratio of molecular precursors used. Synthesized ZnS nanomaterials had surface sulfur vacancies that extend their absorption spectra towards the visible region and decreased the bond gap. This allowed ZnS nanoparticles to demonstrate various pharmacological activities like antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities under normal conditions. Powered X-ray diffraction studies confirms the formation of well -defined equispaced crystalline ZnS NPS. TEM and FE SEM microscopic studies confirmed the elongated tubules structure of ZnS NPs with an average particle size of 60 nm. Sharpe electronic absorption band at 390 nm indicates the synthesis of good quality ZnS NPs. The FT-IR spectral studies confirmed the presence of Zn-S stretching, N-H bending and C=N stretching, vibrations in molecular precursor as Zn(II) complex. The thermal analysis of molecular precursor was performed to investigate the thermal stability of zinc complex. The Zn complex was stable up-to 3800 c. All synthesized compounds demonstrated excellent pharmacological activities like antibacterial, antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities as compared to standards used in analysis of compounds. The microwave synthesis of ZnS nanoparticles via single molecular precursor in proper stoichiometric ratios is an excellent and an efficient method for synthesizing highly effective bioactive agents which can be considered as good drug candidate for the treatment of various diseases in future