bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A realistic 2D multi-offset, multi-frequency synthetic GPR data set as a benchmark for testing new algorithms
Authors: Roncoroni G. , Koyan P. , Forte E. , Tronicke J. , Pipan M.
Published: February 2025

We present a 2D multi-offset, multi-frequency synthetic GPR data set specifically designed to evaluate and test processing, analysis and inversion techniques. The data set replicates realistic subsurface conditions at four sections separated by 2 m. We modeled four multi-offset GPR profiles at 50, 100 and 200 MHz frequencies using realistic wavelets. The data set provides a robust framework for validating advanced GPR algorithms and techniques such as pre-stack depth migration, amplitude versus offset analysis and full waveform inversion. Extensive technical validation ensures data reproducibility and affordability. The standardized, realistic synthetic data set can be used as a reliable benchmark for developing and testing new algorithms and methods, thereby advancing the understanding of subsurface imaging and real-world data interpretation.
Preconceptional brain structure and future conception: a prospective brain MRI study among 321 women
Authors: de Vries Merel W. , Poels Eline M. P. , Roshchupkin Gennady V. , Muetzel Ryan L. , Zarchev Milan , Kamperman Astrid M. , Tiemeier Henning , Vernooij Meike W. , Kushner Steven A.
Published: February 2025

Brain structure may influence female fertility through its reciprocal relationship with the endocrine system, but this hypothesis is underexplored. This study investigated the association between preconceptional brain structure and the likelihood of conception in a prospective population-based neuroimaging cohort. Women intending to conceive within a year were recruited and structural brain MRI scans were collected from 321 participants between June 2019 and March 2021. During the 12-month follow-up, 185 women became pregnant, and 136 did not. Logistic regression was used to examine associations between global brain parameters and conception, adjusting for age, intracranial volume, BMI, prior STD diagnosis, ethnicity, education, household income, smoking, and alcohol use. Unadjusted analyses showed associations between conception and larger occipital lobe and nucleus accumbens volume, increased surface area across all lobes, and occipital cortical thickness, and conception. Adjusted analyses identified a positive association between nucleus accumbens volume and conception (OR = 1.50 (95% CI: 1.12, 1.99), p-value = 0.007). Sensitivity analyses linked caudate volume to conception, but no findings remained significant after correction for multiple comparisons. Further research is needed to understand the potential role of brain structure and function in conception, in relationship with general health and socioeconomic factors.
Decoherence in spin wave propagation via precursor pulses during signal equilibration
Authors: McEleney Cameron Aidan , Camley Robert E. , Macêdo Rair
Published: February 2025

The processes for generation, amplification, and protraction of oscillating signals—often for information transfer—are inherently associated with dispersive decoherence and nonlinear phenomena. One such example is the case of wave patterns of non-negligible amplitudes that can emerge due to dispersion of a signal propagating through matter; for a continuously applied drive these patterns precede the main signal. Here, we investigate how spin wave generation inherently results in dispersive decoherence in the form of precursors. By quantifying three different frequency regimes, we investigate how decoherence is affected, or predetermined by the shape of the spin wave dispersion relation and, what is perhaps most interesting, it does not require non-linearity. Understanding the relationship between spin wave dispersion and decoherence can enable engineering magnonic devices supporting well-resolved signals for magnonic computing and signal processing.
Cryo-electron microscopy reveals a single domain antibody with a unique binding epitope on fibroblast activation protein alpha
Authors: Xu Zhen , Sinha Akesh , Pandya Darpan N. , Schnicker Nicholas J. , Wadas Thaddeus J.
Published: February 2025

The single domain antibody, I3, interacts with fibroblast activation protein alpha through its CDR3 loop and FR2 region to bind a unique and previously undisclosed epitope that is distinct from the protease's active site.
Twisted cholesterol crystals by Mueller matrix microscopy
Authors: Tian Yue , Hao Mengyuan , Tang Yong , Li Chen , Kong Demei , Zhu Junru , Wang Weikang , Cui Xiaoyan , Wang Ting
Published: February 2025

Twisted cholesterol spherulites are stained by coumarin to explore their microstructures.
Design of a CrZrOx–Cu2MnOx@Na2WO4 catalyst–oxygen carrier system for efficient chemical looping oxidative dehydrogenation of propane
Authors: Liu Ziyang , Bai Peng , Xu Benjing , Wu Pingping , Wu Hao , Sun Haoran , Li Junji , Yan Zifeng
Published: February 2025

CrZrOx catalyst was prepared by co-precipitation method with sufficient surface oxygen vacancies, and showed enhanced propane conversion in Chemical Looping Oxidative Dehydrogenation(CL-ODH) combined with a Cu2MnOx@Na2WO4 oxygen carrier.
Real-time elemental analysis of liquids for process monitoring using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy with a liquid wheel sampling approach
Authors: Andrews H. B. , Kitzhaber Z. B. , Manard B. T. , Martin M. Z. , Sadergaski L. R.
Published: February 2025

This article presents an engineered sampling system that used a rotating wheel to form a thin liquid layer, permitting the use of LIBS for in situ, real-time elemental impurity quantification during liquid processing.
Development of low-shrinkage eco-friendly composite materials for the DLP 3D printing technique
Authors: Lin Wei-Chun , Tang Jui-Fu , Cheng Chia-Cheng , Kuo Chia-Chien , Hung Wei-Hsuan
Published: February 2025

This research provides an eco-friendly concept to solve the shrinkage issue in LCD 3D printing technology.
Recent progress in emerging molecular targeted therapies for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Kim Younghoon , Song Jaewon , Kim Namkyoung , Sim Taebo
Published: February 2025

Small-molecule and antibody-based targeted therapies for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA): addressing promising oncogenic molecular alterations, including IDH1, FGFR2, BRAF, HER2, and the PD-1/PD-L1 axis.
Multi-functional smart bulk hydrogel panels with strong near-infrared shielding and active local control
Authors: Ding Yitong , Li Gang , Ryu Keunhyuk , Guan JianGuo , Wang Shancheng , Xiong Ying , Guo Shaoyun , Long Yi
Published: February 2025

Smart hydrogel panel with strong near-infrared shielding and active local control.
Regulation of closed pores in hard carbon for enhanced electrochemical sodium storage
Authors: Zhang Ziying , Wang Yingxinjie , Tang Kejian , Chen Zerui , Li Xiaohui , Zhang Nan , Wu Zhenjun , Xie Xiuqiang
Published: February 2025

Hard carbon materials with high closed pores content and suitable microstructure were prepared by using the template method and acid treatment, which improved sodium-ion storage.
The quantity of ligand–receptor interactions between nanoparticles and target cells
Authors: Schorr Kathrin , Beck Sebastian , Zimmer Oliver , Baumann Felix , Keller Max , Witzgall Ralph , Goepferich Achim
Published: February 2025

Although spike density plays a crucial role in viral infectivity, ligand density of nanoparticles (NPs) remains a largely overlooked design parameter. We thus introduce an experimental approach to determine the number of binding ligands per NP.
A pyrazole ligand improves the efficiency of Mn-catalysts for transfer hydrogenation
Authors: Cai Yan , Li Xiulin , Zhang Zhengguo , Ramezani Ali , Morsali Ali , Zhang Guoying
Published: February 2025

This work, a catalytic system of transfer hydrogenation of pyrazole ligand with Mn is introduced, which realizes the efficient transfer hydrogenation of various alcohols through dehydrogenation halogenation pre-activation.
Marine natural products
Authors: Carroll Anthony R. , Copp Brent R. , Grkovic Tanja , Keyzers Robert A. , Prinsep Michèle R.
Published: February 2025

A comprehensive review of 1220 new MNPs including a novel sex inducing pheromone from the diatom Seminavis robusta.
Theoretical design of 2D Pca21 SiNOX (X = H, F, and Cl) phases: a new family of flexible wide bandgap semiconductors
Authors: Zhang Heng , Yu Jiahao , Pitié Sylvain , Guégan Frédéric , Wang Junjie , Frapper Gilles
Published: February 2025

Three 2D Pca21 SiNOX (X = H, F, and Cl) phases were rationally designed by theoretical exfoliation of bulk α-LiSiON and their electronic, mechanical, and thermal conductivity properties were investigated by first-principles calculations.
Modulation of photoacoustic NIR BODIPY self-assembly in theranostic solid lipid nanoparticles via alpha-group variation: influence on spectral and nanostructural properties
Authors: Linger Clément , Gobeaux Frédéric , Lordez Mathieu , Coïs Justine , Méallet Rachel , Clavier Gilles , Tsapis Nicolas , Gateau Jérôme
Published: February 2025

Links between spectral transformation and nanostructure of solid lipid nanoparticles enable informed choice of photoacoustic label for these theranostic particles.
Comprehensive review on glioblastoma: nanotechnology, immunotherapy and combined therapeutic approaches
Authors: Dhiman Ashish , Shah Yagni , Rana Dhwani , Garkhal Kalpna
Published: February 2025

The review highlights intersection of cutting-edge nanocarrier-based drug delivery, surface modification of nanocarriers, immunotherapeutic interventions, and combined therapeutic approaches, which are critical for advancing glioblastoma treatment.
Magnetically recoverable catalysts for efficient multicomponent synthesis of organosulfur compounds
Authors: Sead Fadhil Faez , Jain Vicky , Kumar Anjan , M. M. Rekha , Kundlas Mayank , Gupta Sofia , Kumari Mukesh , Kazemi Mosstafa , Javahershenas Ramin
Published: February 2025

This review studies magnetically recoverable catalysts designed for the efficient multicomponent synthesis of organosulfur compounds. These catalysts enhance the synthesis process by combining efficiency with environmental sustainability.
Synthesis of carbazoles: light-promoted tandem coupling of nitroarenes with Grignard reagents
Authors: Yang Chen , Wan Ya-Fei , Sun Tong , Li Gang , Shi Zhang-Jie , Xue Dong
Published: February 2025

An efficient method for the one-pot synthesis of carbazoles from readily available nitroarenes and Grignard reagents is reported, featuring a light-promoted intermolecular tandem amination and C–C bond coupling reaction.
A Comparison of Vestibular Function in Young Adult Musicians and Nonmusician Peers
Authors: Greene Alexandria W. , Flagge Ashley G. , Stanley Nic S.
Published: February 2025

Purpose:

The majority of college-level musicians exceed the daily recommended noise dose level during instrumental practices and performances, although less than one third report wearing hearing protection while playing their instruments. Although the hazardous effects of music on the auditory system have been established, even in young adult musicians still early in their musical careers, the effects of music on the vestibular system are still unclear. The purpose of the present study was to examine vestibular/balance differences between young adult musicians and nonmusicians to determine the effects of music exposure on the vestibular system.

Method:

Young adult participants aged 18–27 years without any history of hearing loss, vestibular/balance disorder, otologic disorder, or nervous system disorder were included in this study. Participants were divided into musician (
n
= 19) and nonmusician (
n
= 18) groups. Vestibular function was assessed and compared via the cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP), ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP), video head impulse test (vHIT), and modified clinical test of sensory interaction in balance (mCTSIB).

Results:

Musicians were found to produce significantly more saccades in the left horizontal semicircular canal during vHIT assessment compared to nonmusicians. Group differences were not found in the cVEMP, oVEMP, or mCTSIB.

Conclusions:

This study shows the effects of music exposure on the vestibular system in young adult musicians who show early-onset, subclinical findings on the vHIT that could develop into abnormal results on vestibular assessments if hearing protection use is not increased.
Interpreting Pediatric Laryngeal Ultrasonography: A Training Protocol for Novice Examiners
Authors: Lee Julianne T. , Siu Alice K.-Y. , Ma Estella P.-M.
Published: February 2025

Objective:

Laryngeal ultrasonography (LUS) is a noninvasive alternative to nasal endoscopy for diagnosing vocal fold pathologies in the pediatric population. Inducing less discomfort and physiological impact, LUS is more well tolerated by young patients. Despite its advantages, interpreting ultrasound images is highly subjective, potentially undermining diagnostic accuracy. To address the limitation, this research aims to evaluate the effect of training on novice examiners' LUS interpretation proficiency and, secondly, whether examiners' interpretation confidence increases after receiving the training.

Method:

Thirty-eight novice examiners were randomly assigned to the experimental and control group where the former received training. A stimulus–response–feedback–stimulus paradigm was employed in the training. Qualitatively, the presence of vocal fold lesions and vocal fold motion impairment was examined. Quantitatively, the left and right vocal fold–arytenoid angles were measured.

Results:

Results showed that training significantly improved diagnostic accuracy in qualitative measurements. Quantitatively, statistically significant effects were found posttraining with enhanced intrarater agreement and reduced interrater variability. A substantial increase in interpretation confidence was observed following training.

Conclusions:

In conclusion, there is an overall significant training effect on novice examiners' proficiency in LUS image interpretation. For future directions, it is recommended to investigate the training effect on the proficiency from ultrasound image acquisition to interpretation.
Recent star formation episodes in the Galaxy: Impact on its chemical properties and the evolution of its abundance gradient
Authors: Chen Tianxiang , Prantzos Nikos
Published: February 2025

Aims. We investigate the chemical evolution of the Milky Way disc exploring various schemes of recent (past several Gyr) star formation episodes, as reported in recent observational works.

Methods. We used a semi-analytical model with parametrized radial migration, and we introduced Gaussian star formation episodes constrained by the recent observations.

Results. We find significant impact from the star formation episodes on several observables, including the local age–metallicity and [α/Fe] versus metallicity relations, as well as the local stellar metallicity distribution and the existence of young [α/Fe] -rich stars. Moreover, we show that the recently found ‘wiggly’ behaviour of the disc abundance gradient with age can be interpreted in terms of either star formation or infall episodes.
Color Instrument Analysis of Octopus Drying Using Solar Hybrid Dryer
Authors: Fatharani Arina , Maissy Faulina , Yuwana Yuwana , Anis Ulfah
Published: February 2025

Octopus drying in Kaur Regency, Bengkulu Province, is done by direct sun drying. It causes low color quality due to UV light. Solar hybrid drying with UV protection is needed to control the color quality of the octopus. Different body parts of octopuses have thickness differences, so the color of each part is different. This research aims to investigate the color instrument analysis using the solar hybrid dryer, including L*, a*, b*, hue angle, Chroma, and ΔE of the octopus body parts during the drying period. The leading equipment was a solar hybrid dryer with 14% UV protection. The experimental design was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a factor of body parts divided into five parts (B1, B2, B3, B4, and B5). The color changes were analyzed using the kinetics equation. Overall, the octopus body parts had a significant effect on L*, Chroma, and ΔE, while they had no significant impact on Hue Angle.
Relations Between Actors in Agrotourism Development
Authors: Kurnianingsih Tri , Lestari Eny , Rusdiyana Eksa , Widiyanto  , Sugihardjo  , Setyowati Retno
Published: February 2025

The success of agrotourism development is supported by the presence of actors and their roles. Role synergy becomes a strategy to strengthen the relationship between actors. The study aims to analyze the relationship between actors in agrotourism development. The research method used is qualitative description with purposive informant sampling techniques and snowball sampling. The location of the research was deliberately determined, namely the Ngargoyoso district, Karanganyar Regency, Central Java, on the grounds of the existence of an agro-tourism with several different characteristics. The data analysis technique used uses Miles and Huberman’s interactive data analysis as well as advanced analysis techniques using the MACTOR (Matrix of Alliances and Conflicts: Tactics, Objectives, and Recommendations) analysis. MACTOR analysis is used to map influential actors, actor roles, and the goals of each actor. As for the validity of the data in this study using source triangulation and triangulation methods. The results of the research showed that the management of the business managers, the local community, and the head of the village had the strongest divergence. The strongest convergence occurred between the manager of the Jeep and the managers of the homestay, the manager and the tourism-conscious group, the managing of the Jeep with local communities, and the heads of villages.
Exploration and Morphological Characterization of Durian Vegetative Organs in Trenggulunan Region (Central Java, Indonesia)
Authors: Sawitri Andini D. , Yuniastuti Endang , Purwanto Edi , Nandariyah
Published: February 2025

In Indonesia, numerous varieties of local durians exhibit unique characteristics and high genetic diversity. Research is needed to explore the biodiversity and genetic relationship of local durian varieties through comprehensive exploration and characterization. This research aims to provide insights into the genetic diversity and kinship of durian in Trenggulunan, Rembang. An exploratory descriptive research method was employed, utilizing field surveys. The sampling technique used in this research was purposive random sampling in the form of snowball sampling. The morphological characteristics were observed according to the guidelines outlined in the Description Book of Durian. Data were analyzed using NTSYS 2.02 program. The findings revealed 13 durian accessions with morphological variation in vegetative organs, exhibiting a similarity coefficient ranging between 0.60 to 0.87.
Adventitious shoot growth in Grammatophylum scriptum var. Leopard Blume under colchicine and oryzalin applications
Authors: Dwiati Murni , Hery Susanto Agus
Published: February 2025

Grammatophylum scriptum var. Leopard Blume is of great demand due to its uniqueness flowers showing tiger-like patterns in color. This can still be developed further to make it the main element of a cut flower arrangement. Polyploidization offers the potentials of producing better plant vigour and performance in comparison to its diploid counterparts. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of colchicine and oryzalin in inducing polyploidization in G. scriptum var. Leopard and to determine the most optimum concentration of the substances in producing desired polyploid G. scriptum var. Leopard. An experiment method was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design employing eight treatments consisting of four colchicine concentrations and four oryzalin concentrations. Some morpho-anatomical characters were used as the parameters to examine. Plants under both colchicine and oryzalin showed fresh green in colour. Even sturdier and larger size were observed in the oryzalin-treated plants. Stomata and epidermal cells enlarged leading to a decrease in stomata number and density. It can be concluded that oryzalin of 75 μM was found to be the most optimum treatment as it produced plants of wide and sturdy leaves supported by numerous roots and higher plant habitus.
Implementation of Ignatian Pedagogy Paradigm on The Topic of Probability at Seminary Mertoyudan Senior High School Magelang
Authors: Putri Maria Agustina Reforma , Santoso Eko Budi
Published: February 2025

Education in Indonesia should be able to help students achieve complete personal development. One approach that can be taken is to apply the Ignatian Pedagogical Paradigm. This study aims to describe mathematics learning using the PPI-style Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model for learning the material on opportunities for SMA Seminari Mertoyudan students. The research method used is qualitative research which analyzes learning observation data, student reflections, and student learning outcomes. The study subjects were 20 grade XII students of SMA Seminari Mertoyudan Magelang in the 2024/2025 academic year. The results of this study are that the learning process using the Ignatian Pedagogical Paradigm on the material on opportunities is carried out in addition to helping students understand the material on opportunities, it also helps the development of student’s personal interests as a whole in terms of the 4C aspects (Competence, Conscience, Compassion, and Commitment). The dynamics of the Ignatian Pedagogical Paradigm applied in the learning process are context, experience, reflection, action, and evaluation. The learning process, of course, is also supported by a personalist attitude and discernment of teachers and students.
The Relationship Between Mathematical Thinking and Resilience in Number Sequence Lesson Through Ethnomathematics Among Pre-service Primary School Teachers
Authors: Aprinastuti Christiyanti , Amelia Maria Agustina
Published: February 2025

This research investigates the relationship between mathematical thinking and resilience in 31 pre-service primary school teachers, explicitly focusing on a number sequence lesson using ethnomathematics. Mathematical thinking, crucial for effective teaching, is a cognitive process that depends on overcoming challenges and is closely connected to resilience. By incorporating ethnomathematics, which integrates mathematics into cultural practices and real-world situations, the study examines how this approach supports the development of mathematical thinking and resilience. Participants were evaluated on their resilience and mathematical thinking during lessons. The findings revealed that the relationship between mathematical thinking assessment (MTA) and resilience scale of mathematics (RSM) using the Pearson Correlation test is rMTA*RSM = 0.116 > 0.05. These results show no significant relationship between resilience and mathematical thinking. These results highlight the importance of including culturally relevant pedagogies like ethnomathematics in teacher education programs to better equip future educators for diverse classroom settings.
Visual mathematics: An implementation to students in an indigenous community and a sub urban area
Authors: Widjaja Jalina , Neswan Oki , Soeharyadi Yudi
Published: February 2025

Visual mathematics is a mathematical exploration involving the senses and provides students with models and images for concepts, enhancing mathematics learning. Hands-on activities are central to educe and nurture students’ logic, observational skills, and habits. Visual mathematics may also be useful for communicating mathematical concepts that minimizes the dependence on culture and language. We propose two modules on visual mathematics for year 4 elementary school students, the first in the arithmetic operation of fractions, and the second in basic planar figures, their perimeters, and areas. The construction is not only appealing figuratively but more importantly, it maintains precise mathematical constructions.
Implementing The Ignatian Pedagogy Paradigm in Mathematics Learning: Annuity Material at The Vocational School Level
Authors: Lestari Yuliastuti Dwi , Santoso Eko Budi
Published: February 2025

The Ignatian Pedagogy Paradigm with a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) approach is expected to provide a meaningful learning experience. This study aims to determine the implementation of PBL using the Ignatian Pedagogy cycle in vocational school students’ mathematics learning of Annuity material. The results of the study show that implementing this learning has succeeded in creating meaningful learning experiences. This learning connects the material with real situations as context excavation, group discussions in building learning experiences, learning reflections, and the presentation process as actual actions. This learning was evaluated using the 4C (Competence, Conscience, Compassion, and Commitment) principles. The Ignatian spirituality contained in this learning is Cura personalis and lifelong learning. Implementing the Ignatian Pedagogical Paradigm through PBL helps students understand the topic that they learn and builds a person who is reflective, responsible, and ready to face future challenges.
The Mathematics of Finance: Pricing Volatility derivatives
Authors: Phetpradap Parkpoom , Sripanitan Natkamon
Published: February 2025

In the increasingly complex world of financial markets, the scope of mathematical finance has expanded beyond traditional stock trading to include derivatives on various financial indices. The trading of stock derivatives has become commonplace across global markets. Furthermore, volatility derivatives, which are based on the volatility Index (VIX), have gained significant popularity in recent years. These instruments have been actively traded since the early 2000s. The objective of this article is to review some fundamental results on the pricing of basic volatility derivatives, under the Black-Scholes framework and other mathematical models.
Decision-Level Fusion on Healthcare
Authors: Nastiti Astri Ayu , Susanto Laurentinus Anindito Wisnu , Muskananfola Desi Natalia , Yanti Gusti Ayu Dwi
Published: February 2025

Patient care management is a crucial aspect that affects the quality of life of patients and the operational efficiency of hospitals. Patient care can be broadly categorized into two main categories: inpatient and outpatient. The objective of this study is to develop a machine learning model that can accurately predict whether a patient should be classified as inpatient or outpatient based on their laboratory test results. Five classification methods are applied in this study: Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest, and Gradient Boosting. The feature variables in the dataset include laboratory test results and patient demographic information, such as Haematocrit, Haemoglobins, Erythrocyte, Leucocyte, Thrombocyte, MCH, MCHC, MCV, Age, and Gender. The target variable is the type of patient care, coded as 1 for inpatient and 0 for outpatient. This study also implements Decision Fusion to enhance prediction accuracy and stability. After preprocessing to detect and remove outliers, the data is split into training and testing sets. The models are then fitted and tested on the test data. Predictions from the four classification methods are combined using decision level fusion as majority voting, score level and weighted voting to obtain the final prediction. Thus, the fusion method can provide better performance compared to individual models by leveraging the collective strength of all the models used. In this study, we use two scenarios, a false negative ratio of 1% and a false negative ratio of 5% to show the performance of decision fusion.
Long Short-Term Memory and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Algorithms for Sentiment Analysis of Skintific Product Reviews
Authors: Simanihuruk Laurensia , Suparwito Hari
Published: February 2025

In the era of ever-evolving digital technology, conducting customer sentiment analysis through product reviews has become crucial for businesses to improve their offerings and increase customer satisfaction. This research aims to analyze the sentiment of SKINTIFIC skincare products on the Shopee online store platform using advanced deep learning models: Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM). These models were evaluated using learning rate, number of units, and dropout rate. The dataset consists of 9,184 product reviews extracted through the Shopee API. The reviews were pre-processed using stemming, normalization, and stopword removal techniques. The Bi-LSTM model showed superior performance, achieving an average accuracy of 95.91% and an average F1 score of 95.82%, compared to the standard LSTM model. The optimal configuration for Bi-LSTM included a learning rate 0.01, 64 units, and a dropout rate 0.2. These findings underscore the effectiveness of Bi-LSTM in understanding and classifying consumer sentiment toward specific products.
Parametric modeling and simulation analysis of porous materials prepared by 3D printing technology
Authors: Li Tianhua , Ma Hailong , Xu Shubo , Liu Renhui , Pan Yuefei , Ren Guocheng , Li Jianing , Zhao Zhongkui
Published: February 2025

The study in this paper is the modeling as well as simulation analysis of porous materials prepared by 3D printing technique. The structural simulation analysis of porous material is carried out using ANSYS Workbench 15.0 to derive the deformation as well as stress distribution. Based on the simulation results the equivalent elastic modulus of the porous material is calculated under the homogenization theory. The effect of different parameters on the mechanical properties of the porous material is analyzed, and the most suitable model parameters are compared with the elastic modulus of human bone. The analysis results show that the main factor affecting the mechanical properties of porous materials is the porosity, and the secondary factor is the properties of the materials themselves. The nickel-based alloy tetrahedral porous material can reach the level of human cortical bone when the porosity reaches 70–87%, and the titanium alloy tetrahedral porous material can reach the range of 60–70% porosity. When the porosity of titanium alloy tetrahedral porous material reaches 87% level, it can reach the level of human cancellous bone.
Die Therapie bedeutsam gestalten – Therapieprozess nach dem OTIPM
Authors: Bösiger Kathrin
Published: February 2025

Das Occupational Therapy Intervention Process Model (OTIPM) gliedert den ergotherapeutischen Prozess in die Phasen Evaluation und Zielsetzung, Intervention sowie Reevaluation. Kathrin Bösiger beschreibt, wie sie die einzelnen Phasen in ihrem praktischen Alltag umsetzt.
Praxisanleitung in der Pädiatrie – Teil 3
Authors: Shams Dean
Published: February 2025

Wie gelingt gute Praxisanleitung und welche Besonderheiten gibt es in der Pädiatrie? In dieser und den folgenden Ausgaben stellen wir verschiedene konkrete Anwendungsbeispiele für die praktische Ausbildung vor.
Die Ülenkinder
Authors: Schnahs Thomas
Published: February 2025

Um den Übergang von behinderten, chronisch oder lebenslimitiert erkrankten Kindern von der Klinik in die häusliche Versorgung zu erleichtern, haben in Hamburg zwei außerklinische Kinderintensivversorger die „Ülenkinder“ entwickelt. Diese Versorgungsform will die Familie bestmöglich auf das Leben mit ihrem kranken Kind vorbereiten und fokussiert dabei vor allem auf Krankheitsverarbeitung, Stabilisierung des Familiensystems und Resilienzförderung.
Performance of ultra-high-frequency ultrasound in the evaluation of skin atrophy in patients with long-term oral glucocorticoid therapy in a tertiary rheumatology center
Authors: Turowski Timo , Fleck Martin , Ehrenstein Boris , Hartung Wolfgang , Günther Florian
Published: February 2025

Ultra-high-frequency ultrasound (UHF-US) allows visualization of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutis and precise measurement of skin thickness. The aim of this study was to assess the performance and interobserver reliability of UHF-US for measuring skin thickness in patients with long-term systemic glucocorticoid (GC) therapy compared to patients without GC therapy or treated for a shorter period.

156 patients with known or suspected inflammatory rheumatic diseases underwent US evaluation for skin thickness by 3 experts in 3 anatomical sites (hand, distal, and proximal forearm). 87 patients were classified as “frequent users” who had received continuous oral GCs for at least one year or at least 3 years with various interruptions. 69 patients without any oral GC therapy in the past or treated for a shorter period were classified as “non-frequent users”.

UHF-US allowed a precise measurement of skin thickness. Skin thickness at all 3 anatomical sites was significantly decreased in “frequent users” of GCs compared to “non-frequent users” (distal and proximal forearm: p < 0.001; hand: p < 0.05). At all 3 anatomical sites, skin thickness was decreased in patients with clinically assessed parchment-like skin compared to patients without parchment-like skin (distal and proximal forearm: p < 0.001; hand: p < 0.05). Interobserver variability was excellent [hand intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.99; proximal forearm ICC = 0.85; distal forearm ICC = 0.84].

These data support the idea of UHF-US as an objective and reliable imaging tool for monitoring skin atrophy as adverse effects of GC therapy.
Early Results of All-Dorsal Arthroscopic Scapholunate Ligamentoplasty
Authors: Ribolzi Romeo Raimondo , Merlini Lorenzo
Published: February 2025

Introduction We report early outcomes of all-dorsal arthroscopic scapholunate ligamentoplasty (ADAL) in 12 patients.

Materials and Methods Dorsal internal brace and capsulodesis were performed in all patients. In half of the patients, a palmaris gracilis tendon graft was used to reconstruct the dorsal aspect of the scapholunate complex. Patients were evaluated for pain, wrist range of motion, grip strength, clinical scores, and radiological appearance at a mean follow-up of 15.9 months.

Results We obtained similar results in the technique with and without tendon graft. Visual analog scale (VAS 10) score improved from 6 to 1. Wrist range of motion in Flexion–extension increased from 123 to 144 degrees. Postoperative grip strength was 180% more than preoperative, with a mean Mayo wrist score of 79.5 and quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (quickDASH) of 14.9. The radiolunate angle decreased from 29 to 10 degrees, the scapholunate (SL) angle from 83 to 52 degrees, and the scapholunate gap from 6 to 3mm.

Conclusion ADAL has many advantages compared with other scapholunate ligamentoplasties, including minimal invasiveness, association with internal brace and dorsal capsulodesis, and lower risk of carpal fracture or avascular necrosis. Its short-term results are promising.
Novel device for blunt dissection in third space endoscopy: Preliminary animal study (with video)
Authors: Yokouchi Takashi , Masunaga Teppei , Miyazaki Kurato , Kato Motohiko , Fujii Shota , Momose Kota , Yamashita Kotaro , Saito Takuro , Tanaka Koji , Yamamoto Kazuyoshi , Makino Tomoki , Takahashi Tsuyoshi , Kurokawa Yukinori , Eguchi Hidetoshi , Doki Yuichiro , Nakajima Kiyokazu
Published: February 2025

Blunt dissection is not commonly performed in flexible endoscopic procedures. We developed a novel blunt dissection device and evaluated its feasibility, safety, and potential effectiveness in third space endoscopy procedures.

The device consists of a cotton swab and a flexible shaft. To evaluate its functionality, creation of 4-cm submucosal tunnels in live swine stomachs was attempted by either blunt dissection using our device or sharp dissection using a standard monopolar knife. Data on factors such as completion rate, operating time, adverse events, necessity of submucosal injection, and dissected submucosal thickness were collected.

Eighteen submucosal tunnels were successfully created (sharp: 9, blunt: 9) by two experienced endoscopists and one novice endoscopist. Median operating time was significantly shorter in the blunt dissection group (239 vs. 429 s, P = 0.008). In the sharp dissection group, the experienced endoscopists did not cause any muscle layer injuries, but the novice endoscopist caused muscle layer injuries in all cases. In the blunt dissection group, neither experienced nor novice endoscopists caused muscle layer injuries. The blunt dissection group required significantly fewer submucosal injections (0 vs. 5, P < 0.001). Median dissected submucosal thickness was similar between the groups.

Blunt dissection using our device was feasible, safe, and potentially effective in third space endoscopy procedures by shortening operating time, reducing submucosal injections, and potentially minimizing muscle layer injury.
Improving Postsurgical Management of Rhinoplasty: A Comprehensive Review of Existing Literature
Authors: Villarroel Pedro P. , Langdon Cristobal , Arancibia-Tagle Diego
Published: February 2025

Rhinoseptoplasty addresses both nasal deformities and functional issues. Effective postoperative care is essential for optimal recovery, as complications such as swelling, bruising, and pain can adversely affect healing and patient satisfaction. Proper postoperative care emphasizes the significance of comprehensive management strategies.

A systematic literature review was performed utilizing the PubMed and Cochrane databases to identify articles published between 2014 and 2024 that specifically addressed postoperative care following rhinoplasty. Of 191 articles, 22 met the preestablished inclusion criteria. We assessed the quality of evidence according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine's Levels of Evidence.

Seven key studies were analyzed, exploring a range of postoperative care interventions, including administering corticosteroids, elevating the head during and after the procedure, using alternative therapeutic approaches, and applying cooling techniques.

Postsurgical recovery after rhinoplasty involves managing pain, swelling, and bruising, among other complications. Educating patients about expected outcomes and the healing process helps alleviate their anxiety and uncertainty. Corticosteroids have proven effective in controlling swelling and bruising. Antibiotics are generally not recommended. Silicone septal splints provide support, particularly when stabilization of an injured mucous membrane or septal cartilage is required; however, nasal packing is not recommended. Adhesive strips can help reduce edema in the dorsal and supratip areas. Positioning patients in a 20° reverse Trendelenburg position during surgery, followed by maintaining the head elevated at a 90° angle postoperatively, has significantly reduced edema and ecchymosis. Using a cannula for drainage and cooling techniques has been shown to reduce postoperative morbidity effectively.

Rhinoplasty is a common facial plastic surgery, yet there is no consensus on optimal postoperative care. Key strategies include silicone splints, subperiosteal drainage, nasal taping, cooling, corticosteroids, and intra- and postoperative head elevation. However, further systematic trials are necessary to refine these strategies and improve patient outcomes.
Artificial intelligence improves submucosal vessel detection during third space endoscopy
Authors: Scheppach Markus Wolfgang , Mendel Robert , Muzalyova Anna , Rauber David , Probst Andreas , Nagl Sandra , Römmele Christoph , Yip Hon Chi , Lau Ho Shing Louis , Gölder Stefan Karl , Schmidt Arthur , Kouladouros Konstantinos , Abdelhafez Mohamed , Walter Benjamin M , Meinikheim Michael , Chiu Philip Wai Yan , Palm Christoph , Messmann Helmut , Ebigbo Alanna
Published: February 2025

Background and study aims:
While artificial intelligence (AI) shows high potential in decision support for diagnostic gastrointestinal endoscopy, its role in therapeutic endoscopy remains unclear. Third space endoscopic procedures pose the risk of intraprocedural bleeding. Therefore, we aimed to develop an AI algorithm for intraprocedural blood vessel detection.
Patients and Methods:
Using a test dataset with 101 standardized video clips containing 200 predefined submucosal blood vessels, 19 endoscopists were evaluated for the vessel detection rate (VDR) and time (VDT) with and without support of an AI algorithm. Test subjects were grouped according to experience in ESD.
Results:
With AI support, endoscopists VDR increased from 56.4% [CI 54.1–58.6] to 72.4% [CI 70.3–74.4]. Endoscopists‘ VDT dropped from 6.7sec [CI 6.2-7.1] to 5.2sec [CI 4.8-5.7]. False positive (FP) readings appeared in 4.5% of frames and were marked significantly shorter than true positives (6.0sec [CI 5.28-6.70] vs. 0.7sec [CI 0.55-0.87]).
Conclusions:
AI improved the vessel detection rate and time of endoscopists during third space endoscopy. While these data need to be corroborated by clinical trials, AI may prove to be an invaluable tool for the improvement of endoscopic interventions.
The Near Point of Convergence in Patients with Vestibular Migraine
Authors: Maia Francisco Carlos Zuma e , Ramos Bernardo Faria , Bittar Roseli Saraiva Moreira , Cal Renato Valerio Rodrigues , Luís Leonel Almeida , Albernaz Pedro Luiz Mangabeira
Published: February 2025

Introduction Vestibular migraine (VM) is one of the most common vestibular disorders and its diagnosis is based entirely on clinical features. A recent case series suggested a possible link between migraines and convergence insufficiency.

Objective To compare the near point of convergence (NPC) in patients with and without VM.

Methods We retrospectively reviewed the data of 50 patients with and 50 without VM, comparing the NPC between both groups. The NPC was measured according to the recommendations of the American Academy of Ophthalmology. Differences in the results between groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney test. The association of the NPC with age, gender, and the use of corrective glasses or contact lenses was evaluated by the Student t or Mann-Whitney tests for parametric and nonparametric data, respectively. To determine the diagnostic accuracy and optimal cut-off point, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were created.

Results The mean NPC was significantly higher in patients with VM (18.50 ± 5.88 cm) compared to the control group (8.06 ± 1.46 cm; p < 0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.986 (95% CI: 0.938–0.999; p < 0.0001), suggesting that NPC was able to accurately discriminate between patients with and without VM with a sensitivity of 94% and specificity of 100%.

Conclusion Our results suggest that convergence insufficiency is a common sign in patients with VM and may be considered a potential clinical biomarker. However, further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
Cognitive Rehabilitation to Remediate Attention and Memory in Patients with Complicated Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Case Series
Authors: Saishree Saishree , Ranjan Jay K. , Pandey Nityanand , Asthana Hari S.
Published: February 2025

Attention and memory deficits are frequently observed in individuals suffering from mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI), particularly in those exhibiting neurostructural abnormalities, commonly referred to as complicated mild traumatic brain injury (C-MTBI). The present case series employed customized cognitive retraining interventions and compensatory techniques designed to enhance attention, memory, and activities of daily living (ADL) of C-MTBI patient. Scores on Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and neuroimaging abnormalities detected via computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were used to categorize the cases as C-MTBI. All four cases in the present case series were selected using purposive sampling technique. Cognitive dysfunction of the cases was evaluated utilizing the PGI Battery of Brain Dysfunction (PGI-BBD), while assessment of ADL was measured through the Hindi version of the Cognitive Symptom Checklist (CSC). Patients with C-MTBI underwent cognitive rehabilitation (CR) specifically tailored to address the unique requirements and characteristics of their nature of cognitive deficits. Cognitive retraining sessions were systematically organized on a biweekly basis, complemented by an additional weekly session focused on compensatory strategies, which were conducted face to face or through telephonic/video conferencing. All four cases completed CR sessions and after competition of the CR sessions, cognitive functions and ADL were reassessed using the PGI-BBD and CSC, respectively. The present case series highlights the effectiveness of CR program combining cognitive retraining and compensatory strategies in improving attention, memory, and ADLs of C-MTBI patients. All four cases demonstrated significant improvements in cognitive functioning and ADL measures following the CR program, supporting its applicability and therapeutic value.
Accurate and real-time acoustic holography using super-resolution and physics combined deep learning
Authors: Zhong Chengxi , Sun Zhenhuan , Li Jiaqi , Jiang Yujie , Su Hu , Liu Song
Published: February 2025

Acoustic holography is a promising technique for contactless manipulation, remote sensing, and energy harvesting. It involves retrieving holograms used to modulate acoustic sources for reconstructing target acoustic fields. The performance of reconstruction is primarily determined by two key criteria, including the spatial bandwidth product, which measures the pixel number representing information capacity, and the resolution, which quantifies the pixel size supporting detail gain. However, existing techniques face limitations in reconstructing high-fidelity, dynamic, and real-time acoustic fields with enhanced spatial bandwidth product and resolution across the entire aperture size. These challenges stem from the reliance on physically constrained holograms with static nature or relatively low spatial bandwidth product and resolution. Here, we introduce super-resolution acoustic holography, wherein the spatial bandwidth and resolution of the reconstructed target acoustic fields surpass those of the retrieved source holograms, especially within the same aperture size. We further develop a deep learning strategy that combines a classical neural network architecture with a linear accumulation based physical model, allowing for the customization of reconstructed acoustic planes with higher resolution while maintaining the same lateral coverages. Extensive algorithmic validations, numerical simulations, and practical experiments demonstrate the capability of our method to achieve high-fidelity, dynamic, real-time super-resolution acoustic holography, rendering its potential to advance practical applications in holographic acoustics.
Asymmetric contact structure enables fast response of Bi2O2Se photodetectors
Authors: Min Yunxiao , Chen Yang , Fang Yong , Wang Zihan , Cao Ziyi , Gao Shanyu , Liu Xue , Zeng Longhui , Li Liang
Published: February 2025

The near-infrared (NIR) photodetector is an important component in the realm of photodetectors. Bi2O2Se, with its narrow bandgap of 0.8 eV, has emerged as a promising candidate for NIR detection. However, it exhibits a slower response in this spectral region. An asymmetric electrode structure can effectively separate photogenerated electron–hole pairs by introducing an internal electric field, thereby facilitating faster carrier transport and significantly reducing the response time. In this study, we utilized PdSe2, a semi-metal, as an electrode to construct an asymmetric electrode structure in conjunction with Ti–Au electrode, aiming to enhance the performance of Bi2O2Se NIR photodetectors. The response time of the PdSe2/Bi2O2Se/Ti–Au photodetector was 21 and 16 μs under 1064 and 1550 nm light sources, respectively, with a responsivity of 121 mA/W at 1064 nm. These findings underscore the potential of this design in advancing infrared detection technology.