bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Editorial
Authors: Doyle Denise
Published: March 2024

Issue 13.1 brings together research and practice in the virtual realms with the first three articles focusing on designing experiences in virtual space: designing virtual experiences from a queer perspective; designing virtual simulations using inclusive design principles; finally, designing 3D prototyping models of the brain for teaching and training purposes. The last two articles of the issue focus on the affordances of the metaverse, exploring classical music concerts experienced virtually and in person and finally investigating metaverse spaces as both ‘heterotopias’ and ‘thirdspaces’. In the reviews section, Lynne Heller presents a group of reviews of virtual reality projects that she encountered in 2022, focusing on their aesthetic, sonic and performance aspects.
Impact of temperature on the virulence of Streptococcus agalactiae in Indonesian aquaculture: A better vaccine design is required
Authors: Lusiastuti Angela Mariana , Suhermanto Achmad , Hastilestari Bernadetta Rina , Suryanto Suryanto , Mawardi Mira , Sugiani Desy , Syahidah Dewi , Sudaryatma Putu Eka , Caruso Domenico
Published: March 2024

Due to their poikilothermic nature, fish are very sensitive to changes in temperature. Due to climate change, the average global temperature has increased by 1.5°C in the last century, which may have caused an increase in farmed fish mortality recently. Predictions using the model estimate that a 1°C increase in temperature could cause 3%-4% and 4%-6% mortality due to infectious diseases in organisms living in warm and temperate waters, respectively. There is a need to determine whether there is a relationship between increasing environmental temperature and disease virulence. This review examines the influence and impact of increasing temperatures due to climate change on the physiology and pathogenicity of Streptococcus agalactiae, which causes streptococcosis in tilapia and causes significant economic losses. Changes in the pathogenicity of S. agalactiae, especially its virulence properties due to increasing temperature, require changes in the composition design of the fish vaccine formula to provide better protection through the production of protective antibodies.

Keywords: adaptation, microbes, pathogen, temperature, virulence.
Antimicrobial resistance profiles of Escherichia coli derived from an integrated agroforestry-livestock system in Deli Serdang Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Dewi Rita Rosmala , Nuryawan Arif , Jajere Saleh Mohammed , Sihombing Juli Mutiara , Tambunan Ika Julianti
Published: March 2024

Background and Aim: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a significant global concern. Epidemiological data do not provide a robust description of the potential risks associated with AMR in the integrated agroforestry-livestock systems in Indonesia. Thus, the present study investigated the phenotypic and multidrug resistance (MDR) profiles of Escherichia coli strains isolated from the feces of livestock raised in the agro-silvopastoral system in Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province.

Materials and Methods: A standard microbiological culture procedure was followed to isolate the organism and test antibiotic susceptibility using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion protocol. Furthermore, the multiple antibiotic resistance index was determined. Univariate analysis was conducted to identify the risk factors associated with AMR.

Results: The vast majority (77.5%) of livestock farmers were aged >30 years. All farmers were men and had no higher education (100% of them). The majority of the animal species managed were cattle and goats (37.5% each) and the livestock grazing pasture system (67.5%). In addition, the majority of farmers reported high antimicrobial use on their farms (87.5%). Of the samples (n = 142) analyzed, n = 70 were positive, with an overall prevalence of 44.4%. The species-specific prevalences of E. coli were 32.5%, 47.8%, and 50% in buffalo, goat, and cattle, respectively. Ampicillin and tetracyclines exhibited high resistance levels among the studied animal species. A relatively lower MDR for E. coli was associated with grazing on the pasture.

Conclusion: The findings from the current study provide baseline epidemiological information for future robust studies aimed at elucidating the drivers and patterns of AMR in agro-silvopastoral systems in the study area or elsewhere.

Keywords: agro-silvopastoral, antimicrobial Resistance, Escherichia coli,Indonesia, livestock, multidrug resistance.
vertentes polissêmicas da lei 10.639/2003 na Educação Básica: Teoria, ensino e prática
Authors: Medeiros Fernandes Thiago
Published: March 2024

A centralidade deste trabalho está na lei 10.639/2003 e sua aplicabilidade na Educação Básica, os desafios da gênese social de pertencimento histórico à cultura africana e afro-brasileira nas escolas. Outro objetivo da narrativa, está na problematização dos estigmas disseminados nos espaços de aprendizagens formais e não formais. A pesquisa parte do pensamento decolonial, pois nos convida repensar, sobretudo por novas perspectivas, a reestruturação de pensamentos moldados pela historiografia oficial a fim de possibilitar a construção de um novo olhar epistemológico sob o viés decolonial (QUINTERO; FIGUEIRA; ELIZAIDE, 2019). O presente estudo sucinta uma pesquisa em andamento que tem por finalidade proporcionar um debate conciso para delinear possíveis discussões na construção da formação identitária negra livre das amarras eurocêntricas sob o viés da Educação Básica.
Caminhos epistemológicos para uma educação Amefricana e Aquilombada
Authors: Coelho da Silva Diônvera , Pontes Giovana
Published: March 2024

Este artigo visa promover uma discussão teórica sobre as epistemologias decoloniais e seus atravessamentos políticos e históricos para a educação. Desta forma consideramos a importância da  Lei N° 10639/2003, entendemos que ela é fundamental para a construção de uma educação Amefricana e Aquilombada. Deste modo, traçamos  um histórico sobre a produção do conhecimento em diferentes idades das ciências humanas, e identificamos os resquícios epistemológicos que cada período prescindiu para a sociedade. Na sequência, aprofundamos a discussão em torno da perspectiva decolonial a partir de diferentes intelectuais, buscamos assim, compreender de que forma as as epistemologias decoloniais orientam  o desenvolvimento da ciência. Por fim, indicamos os caminhos possíveis em torno de uma pedagogia centrada na Amefricanidade e no Quilombismo. Apostamos nessas perspectivas como potentes para orientar as práticas de ensino promovendo assim, a aplicação  da lei N° 10639/2003 nas escolas.
orientalismo paradigmático
Authors: Curi Guilherme
Published: March 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as abordagens teóricas que nos permitem refletir sobre a questão da representação dos árabes na contemporaneidade a partir da ótica dos Estudos Culturais e da crítica ao imperialismo e pós-colonial de Edward Said. Discutimos também, a partir de estudos midiáticos,  como as representações e seus respectivos significados que constantemente permeiam as nossas relações sociais e culturais nos fazem enxergar o mundo de determinadas maneiras. Ou seja, buscamos compreender como essas representações formam e constroem realidades, valores e identidades dentro de uma cultura hegemônica, regida pela grande mídia, imersa em uma rede digital de dados, bits e bytes.
Rebeliões de Junho de 2013: a classe trabalhadora, o precariado nas ruas
Authors: Vieira Luís Augusto
Published: March 2024

O presente trabalho é parte de tese de doutorado a qual versa sobre Junho de 2013 e Centrais Sindicais brasileiras. Todavia a discussão que apresentamos, diz respeito ao debate acerca das classes sociais, com ênfase ao precariado e organizações presentes naquele processo. Para tanto utilizamos fundamentalmente de elaborações e registros de intelectuais que trabalharam a temática. Como fonte de pesquisa consultamos livros e artigos, sejam físicos, sejam da rede mundial de computadores. Como resultado, tem-se que a classe trabalhadora esteve nas ruas durante as Rebeliões de Junho de 2013, sobretudo a sua versão precária e que organizações de juventude e classe também se fizeram presentes, não sendo necessariamente sindicatos e partidos, os quais adentram nas manifestações já em curso, incluso os da direita liberal e conservadora.
Pancreatic Enzyme Use Reduces Pancreatitis Frequency in Children With Acute Recurrent or Chronic Pancreatitis: A Report From INSPPIRE
Authors: Freeman Alvin Jay , Ng Kenneth , Wang Fuchenchu , Abu-El-Haija Maisam A. , Chugh Ankur , Cress Gretchen A. , Fishman Douglas S. , Gariepy Cheryl E. , Giefer Matthew J. , Goday Praveen , Gonska Tanja Y. , Grover Amit S. , Lindblad Douglas , Liu Quin Y. , Maqbool Asim , Mark Jacob A. , McFerron Brian A. , Mehta Megha S. , Morinville Veronique D. , Noel Robert A. , Ooi Chee Y. , Perito Emily R. , Schwarzenberg Sarah Jane , Sellers Zachary M. , Wilschanski Michael , Zheng Yuhua , Yuan Ying , Andersen Dana K. , Lowe Mark E. , Uc Aliye ,   on behalf of the Consortium for the Study of Chronic Pancreatitis, Diabetes, and Pancreatic Cancer (CPDPC)
Published: March 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Among children who suffer from acute recurrent pancreatitis (ARP) or chronic pancreatitis (CP), acute pancreatitis (AP) episodes are painful, often require hospitalization, and contribute to disease complications and progression. Despite this recognition, there are currently no interventions to prevent AP episodes. In this retrospective cohort study, we assessed the impact of pancreatic enzyme therapy (PERT) use on clinical outcomes among children with pancreatic-sufficient ARP or CP.

METHODS:

Children with pancreatic-sufficient ARP or CP in the INSPPIRE-2 cohort were included. Clinical outcomes were compared for those receiving vs not receiving PERT, as well as frequency of AP before and after PERT. Logistic regression was used to study the association between development of AP episodes after starting PERT and response predictors.

RESULTS:

Among 356 pancreatic-sufficient participants, 270 (76%) had ARP, and 60 (17%) received PERT. Among those on PERT, 42% did not have a subsequent AP episode, during a mean 2.1 years of follow-up. Children with a SPINK1 mutation (P = 0.005) and those with ARP (compared with CP, P = 0.008) were less likely to have an AP episode after starting PERT. After initiation of PERT, the mean AP annual incidence rate decreased from 3.14 down to 0.71 (P < 0.001).

DISCUSSION:

In a retrospective analysis, use of PERT was associated with a reduction in the incidence rate of AP among children with pancreatic-sufficient ARP or CP. These results support the need for a clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of PERT to improve clinical outcomes among children with ARP or CP.
Hepatic Artery Aneurysm Causing Biliary Compression
Authors: El Ouardi Walid , El Mansoury Fatima Zahrae , Claude Guillaume , Briot Charline , Faivre Morgan
Published: March 2024

Hepatic artery aneurysms (HAAs) are rare, accounting for approximately 14%–20% of visceral artery aneurysms. Most HAAs do not display any symptoms, but they may potentially lead to complications, as in the case of our patient who presented with an HAA compressing the common bile duct, detected through contrast-enhanced endoscopy. There are no specific treatment recommendations for HAAs due to their rarity. However, it is advisable to treat HAAs, even if they are asymptomatic, due to the risk of complications through surgical or radiological means. Our patient was treated with radiological embolization along with endoscopic biliary calibration.
EUS-Guided Cholecystoduodenostomy for a Poor Surgical Candidate With Chronic Octreotide-Associated Gallstones From Metastatic Neuroendocrine Tumor
Authors: Leung Lawrence Jun , Hamerski Christopher , Karia Kunal , Gupta Suraj
Published: March 2024

Chronic octreotide use has been associated with gallstone formation. Historically, cholecystectomy has been the defining treatment for those who have gallstone-related disease. For those who are poor surgical candidates, percutaneous and endoscopic approaches have been used. We describe the endoscopic management of a 74-year-old man with significant gallstone burden and associated sequelae because of chronic octreotide for metastatic neuroendocrine tumor through endoscopic ultrasound-guided cholecystoduodenostomy with gallstone extraction using lumen-apposing metal stents.
Avaliação das propriedades físico-químicas e citotoxicidade de dois materiais biocerâmicos de reparo radicular
Authors: Almeida Marcela Milanezi de , Rodrigues Clarissa Teles , Matos Adriana Arruda , Carvalho Kleber Kildare Teodoro , Duarte Marco Antonio Hungaro , Zancan Rafaela Fernandes , Oliveira Rodrigo Cardoso de , Bernardineli Norberti
Published: March 2024

Objetivos: Este estudo avaliou as propriedades físico-químicas e citotoxicidade do Total Fill BC (TFBC) Root Repair Material e MTA Angelus (MTAA). Métodos: Para testar a radiopacidade, os espécimes foram colocados em anéis metálicos e uma escala de alumínio foi usada. O tempo de presa e o escoamento foram testados de acordo com a ASTM C-266-08 e ANSI/ADA nº 57/200. Vinte dentes de acrílico foram obturados e imersos em água ultrapura para testar o pH, liberação de cálcio e alteração de volume usando a micro-CT. Os efeitos in vitro nas células foram analisados pelo ensaio de redução de MTT. A análise estatística foi realizada usando os testes ANOVA, Tukey, Kruskal-Wallis e Dunn (p < 0,05). Resultados: A radiopacidade esteve de acordo com ISO 6876/2001. Os tempos de presa inicial e final para o MTAA e TFBC, respectivamente, foram de 10 e 120 minutos e 3 e 22 horas, enquanto o escoamento foi de 33,5mm e 17,5mm (p > 0,05). O pH mostrou os menores valores para o TFBC nas primeiras 3 horas. MTAA mostrou a maior liberação de Ca2+ no intervalo de tempo de 1 hora e o TFBC, em 360 horas. A alteração volumétrica do TFBC foi menor que 3% em todos os períodos, e para o MTAA foi maior que 5% no período de 720 horas. Os cimentos foram tóxicos na concentração de 100 ml/mL, entretanto, o TFBC mostrou os melhores resultados de viabilidade celular. Conclusões: O MTAA não esteve de acordo com ISO 6876/2001 em relação à alteração volumétrica. O TFBC manteve seu pH alto, maior liberação de Ca2+ e menor toxicidade.
Remoção de projétil de arma de fogo em seio maxilar
Authors: Tavares Paulo Matheus Honda , Marques Shirlan Mady , Albuquerque Gustavo Cavalcanti De , Martins Valber Barbosa , Oliveira Marcelo Vinicius , Nascimento Saulo Lôbo Chateaubriand do , Torres Rafael Silva
Published: March 2024

Os ferimentos por arma de fogo podem trazer sérios problemas ao complexo maxilofacial, sobretudo quando ferimentos extensos, fraturas cominutivas e retenção dos projéteis estão envolvidos. O seio maxilar é o maior dos seios paranasais e o mais acometido por injúrias. Corpos estranhos em seu interior são ocorrências incomuns, geralmente ocasionadas por traumas penetrantes ou iatrogenias. O acesso de Caldwell-Luc ao seio maxilar é amplamente sugerido e utilizado, por ser uma técnica simples e que proporciona uma boa visualização e inspeção. Paciente vítima de ferimento por arma de fogo (FAF), com orifício de entrada do projétil de arma de fogo (PAF) na hemiface direita, próximo à asa do nariz, sem orifício de saída, apresentou, na tomografia computadorizada, projétil alojado no seio maxilar esquerdo. Optou-se pelo acesso de Caldwell-Luc para exploração do seio maxilar, remoção do projétil e lavagem copiosa. A remoção cirúrgica do projétil ocorreu de forma satisfatória e conservadora. O paciente evoluiu bem, sem complicações devidas ao ferimento e tratamento realizado. É imprescindível que a escolha pela remoção ou não do corpo estranho, utilizando abordagem cirúrgica ou conservadora, leve em consideração critérios clínicos, cirúrgicos e anatômicos, para trazer resolutividade com segurança ao paciente.
Pemanfaatan Serbuk Kaca Sebagai Peningkatan Waterproofing pada Bahan Tambah Cat
Authors: Haekal Fikri , Aqil	M.S. Ismail , Susanti Riza , Hartono Hartono
Published: March 2024

In the construction of a project, walls account for approximately 20% - 40% of the total budget. Wall works are considered costly as they involve various tasks such as brick installation, plastering, rendering, and painting. Nowadays, the use of paint is widespread in line with the development of construction projects in Indonesia. Paint utilization has been extensively developed with various innovations, one of which is waterproofing paint that can protect surfaces from water or moisture. By adding a special ingredient to the paint to enhance its waterproofing properties, wall paint becomes more resistant to rain exposure over time. Therefore, the addition of glass powder to the paint mixture is needed to increase the waterproofing level because glass powder has nonporous characteristics, meaning it does not easily absorb or retain water. The objective of this research is to determine the water resistance of paint with the addition of glass powder at levels of 0%, 2,5%, 5%, 7,5%, and 10% in each 1 kg paint sample. The most optimum paint formulation is achieved by adding a 10% glass powder content, resulting in water leakage test of 0 mL, adhesion test of 5A, water absorption of 6.587%, specific gravity of 2.092 g/mL, coverage of 5.553 m²/Kg, and drying time of 4 minutes. This study aims to contribute to the development of high waterproofing wall paint that is also environmentally friendly.
Snižování nerovností ve vzdělávání prostřednictvím rozvoje oblastí čtenářské pregramotnosti a gramotnosti
Authors: Laufková Veronika
Published: March 2024

Druhé číslo časopisu Gramotnost, pregramotnost a vzdělávání v roce 2023: Snižování nerovností ve vzdělávání prostřednictvím rozvoje oblastí čtenářské pregramotnosti a gramotnosti.
Gut microbiota are differentially correlated with blood pressure status in African American collegiate athletes: A pilot study
Authors: Hogue Taylor , Hampton‐Marcell Jarrad , Carroll Ian M. , Purdom Troy , Colleran Heather , Exford TJ , Brown Michael , Cook Marc D.
Published: March 2024

Hypertension (HTN) is common among athletes and the most recent epidemiologic data reports that cardiovascular (CV) sudden death is significantly greater in African Americans (AAs). Gut microbial dysbiosis (a poorly diverse stool microbial profile) has been associated with HTN in sedentary people but microbial characteristics of athletes with HTN are unknown. Our purpose was to differentiate microbiome characteristics associated with BP status in AA collegiate athletes. Thirty AA collegiate athletes were stratified by normal BP (systolic BP (SBP) ≤130 mmHg; n = 15) and HTN (SBP ≥130 mmHg; n = 15). 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed on stool samples to identify microbes at the genus level. We did not observe any significant differences in alpha diversity, but beta diversity was different between groups. Principal coordinate analysis was significantly different (PERMANOVA, p < 0.05, R = 0.235) between groups. Spearman rank correlations showed a significant (p < 0.05) correlation between systolic BP and abundances for Adlercreutzia (R = 0.64), Coprococcus (R = 0.49), Granulicatella (R = 0.63), and Veillonella (R = 0.41). Gut microbial characteristics were associated with differentially abundant microbial genus' and BP status. These results will direct future studies to define the functions of these microbes associated with BP in athletes.
An isotope dilution-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (ID-LC-MS/MS)-based candidate reference measurement procedure for the quantification of carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide in human serum and plasma
Authors: Schierscher Tobias , Singh Neeraj , Kobel Anja , Wild Janik , Bauland Friederike , Geistanger Andrea , Risch Lorenz , Geletneky Christian , Seger Christoph , Taibon Judith
Published: March 2024

Objectives

A reference measurement procedure (RMP) using isotope dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (ID-LC-MS/MS) was developed and validated with the aim of accurately measuring carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide concentrations in human serum and plasma.

Methods

To establish traceability to SI units, the absolute content of the reference material was determined using quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR) spectroscopy. As sample preparation a protein precipitation protocol followed by a high dilution step was established. Chromatographic separation from carbamazepine and potential metabolites was achieved using a C18 stationary phase. Selectivity, specificity, matrix effects, precision and accuracy, inter-laboratory equivalence, and uncertainty of measurement were evaluated based on guidelines from the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, the International Conference on Harmonization, and the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement.

Results

The RMP demonstrated very good selectivity and specificity, showing no evidence of a matrix effect. This enabled accurate quantification of carbamazepine-epoxide in the concentration range of 0.0400–12.0 μg/mL. The intermediate precision was found to be less than 2.1 %, and the repeatability coefficient of variation (CV) ranged from 1.2 to 1.8 % across all concentration levels. Regarding accuracy, the relative mean bias varied from 1.4 to 2.5 % for native serum levels and from 1.4 to 3.5 % for Li-heparin plasma levels. The measurement uncertainty for single measurements ranged from 1.6 to 2.1 %.

Conclusions

In this study, we introduce a new LC-MS/MS-based candidate RMP for accurately measuring carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide in human serum and plasma. This novel method offers a traceable and dependable platform, making it suitable for standardizing routine assays and assessing clinically relevant samples.
Bounds for selection bias using outcome probabilities
Authors: Zetterstrom Stina
Published: March 2024

Objectives

Determining the causal relationship between exposure and outcome is the goal of many observational studies. However, the selection of subjects into the study population, either voluntary or involuntary, may result in estimates that suffer from selection bias. To assess the robustness of the estimates as well as the magnitude of the bias, bounds for the bias can be calculated. Previous bounds for selection bias often require the specification of unknown relative risks, which might be difficult to provide. Here, alternative bounds based on observed data and unknown outcome probabilities are proposed. These unknown probabilities may be easier to specify than unknown relative risks.

Methods

I derive alternative bounds from the definitions of the causal estimands using the potential outcomes framework, under specific assumptions. The bounds are expressed using observed data and unobserved outcome probabilities. The bounds are compared to previously reported bounds in a simulation study. Furthermore, a study of perinatal risk factors for type 1 diabetes is provided as a motivating example.

Results

I show that the proposed bounds are often informative when the exposure and outcome are sufficiently common, especially for the risk difference in the total population. It is also noted that the proposed bounds can be uninformative when the exposure and outcome are rare. Furthermore, it is noted that previously proposed assumption-free bounds are special cases of the new bounds when the sensitivity parameters are set to their most conservative values.

Conclusions

Depending on the data generating process and causal estimand of interest, the proposed bounds can be tighter or wider than the reference bounds. Importantly, in cases with sufficiently common outcome and exposure, the proposed bounds are often informative, especially for the risk difference in the total population. It is also noted that, in some cases, the new bounds can be wider than the reference bounds. However, the proposed bounds based on unobserved probabilities may in some cases be easier to specify than the reference bounds based on unknown relative risks.
Dry reforming of methane over Ni–Mg–Al and Ni–Ca–Al type hydrotalcite-like catalysts: effects of synthesis route and Ru incorporation
Authors: Topaloğlu Gülçin , Yaşyerli Sena , Doğu Gülşen
Published: March 2024

Ni-incorporated Mg–Al type hydrotalcite-like catalytic materials were synthesized following impregnation and co-precipitation routes, and their catalytic performances were compared in the dry-reforming reaction of methane. The effects of Ru impregnation on the catalytic performance of Ni-incorporated Mg–Al were also investigated. Results showed that the catalytic performance of the Ni-incorporated Mg–Al type catalyst (NiMgAlO), which was prepared by the co-precipitation route, was highly stable during dry-reforming reaction tests performed at 600 °C, extending up to 24 h. The fractional conversion of CO2 (0.42) was higher than the fractional conversion of CH4 (0.29) due to the contribution of the reverse water gas shift reaction. However, the contribution of the reverse water gas shift reaction to the product distribution was much less with the catalyst prepared following the impregnation route (Ni@MgAlO). This difference was shown to be mainly due to the state of the nickel in the catalyst structures. Ni-impregnated Ca–Al type hydrotalcite-like catalyst (Ni@CaAlO) was also synthesized and tested in dry reforming of methane. Results obtained with the Ni-impregnated Ca–Al type catalyst showed some changes in its structure and the formation of some CaCO3 during the dry reforming reaction. The comparison of the performances of Ni-impregnated Mg–Al and Ca–Al type catalysts showed a higher amount of coke on the surface of Ni@CaAlO than Ni@MgAlO. It was also concluded that significant coke minimization and highly stable catalytic performance could be achieved by the impregnation of 1 % Ru to the NiMgAlO catalyst. The amount of coke deposited on the catalyst decreased from about 30 % to less than 5 %, by Ru impregnation. The decrease of the surface area of the Ru-impregnated catalyst was also only about 3 % after 240 min of reaction time.
Surgical treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in children with chronic kidney disease. Experience in 19 patients
Authors: Gil Silvia Mercedes , Aziz Mariana , De Dona Valeria , Lopez Laura , Florencia Soto Maria , Ayarzabal Victor , Adragna Marta , Belgorosky Alicia , Ciaccio Marta , Viterbo Gisela
Published: March 2024

Objectives

Secondary hyperparathyroidism (sHPT) is an important contributor to bone disease and cardiovascular calcifications in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD). When conservative measures are ineffective, parathyroidectomy is indicated. The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of subtotal parathyroidectomy (sPTX) in pediatric and adolescent patients, and to provide a rationale for considering this aggressive treatment in CKD patients with uncontrolled sHPT.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 19 pediatric CKD patients on dialysis with refractory sHPT who underwent sPTX at our institution between 2010 and 2020. All patients had clinical, radiological, and biochemical signs of renal osteodystrophy.

Results

One year after sPTX, parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels (median and interquartile range (IQR)) dropped from 2073 (1339–2484) to 164 (93–252) pg/mL (p=0.0001), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels from 1166 (764–2373) to 410 (126–421) IU/L (p=0.002), and the mean (±SDS) calcium-phosphate (Ca*P) product from 51±11 to 41±13 mg2/dL2 (p=0.07). Postoperatively, all patients presented with severe hungry bone syndrome (HBS) and required intravenous and oral calcium and calcitriol supplementation. None of them had other postoperative complication. Histological findings had a good correlation with preoperative parathyroid ultrasound imaging (n: 15) in 100 % and with technetium-99m (99mTc) sestamibi scintigraphy (n: 15) in 86.6 %. Clinical and radiological signs of bone disease improved in all patients.

Conclusions

Pediatric sPTX is effective and safe to control sHPT and calcium-phosphate metabolism in children with CKD on dialysis and may mitigate irreversible bone deformities and progression of cardiovascular disease.
Introduction: the development of manner expressions into complementizers or quotatives
Authors: Gentens Caroline , Boye Kasper
Published: March 2024

Through intriguing paths of change, manner expressions may give rise to both quotatives and a diverse range of complementizers. These paths of change are still far from mapped or fully understood, but after years of relative ignorance, they have recently been the subject of increased interest. In this paper, we introduce a special issue the aim of which is to add to the growing knowledge and understanding of the development of manner expressions into complementizers or quotatives. Centering our discussion on Saxena’s diachronic hypothesis from 1995, we first briefly go through a number of central studies of the issue. Subsequently, we summarize the main findings of the contributions to the special issue: (i) additional evidence of the development of manner expressions into complementizers or quotatives; (ii) an emphasis on the variation found in examples of this development; (iii) a number of developmental paths that do not conform to Saxena’s hypothesis (but also a couple that might be compatible with it). In the final part of the paper, we introduce each of the individual contributions to the special issue.
On the systematic position of the horseshoe bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Lesotho
Authors: Benda Petr , Uvizl Marek , Eiseb Seth J. , Avenant Nico L.
Published: March 2024

The monophyletic Afro-Palaearctic clade of the horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus) comprises several species groups whose representatives can be morphologically similar to each other across groups. The only Rhinolophus species that occurs in Lesotho was traditionally attributed to the broadly distributed African desert- and savanna-dwelling bat, Rhinolophus clivosus, a member of the ferrumequinum group. In this study, we investigated the horseshoe bats from Lesotho with the help of molecular genetic and morphometric analyses to find their position within the group and the clade as well. The genetic analysis resulted in phylogenetic trees with two different topologies, although in both trees the Lesotho bats were a part of the fumigatus group instead of the ferrumequinum group. In the mitochondrial tree, the Lesotho bats were mixed with Rhinolophus damarensis. On the contrary, the Lesotho bats formed a single distinct lineage on the nuclear tree, closely related to Rhinolophus darlingi, R. fumigatus, and R. damarensis (in a single lineage each). These results indicate introgressions of mtDNA from the Lesotho bats to R. damarensis. Morphologically, the Lesotho bats grouped distinctly from other species of the fumigatus and ferrumequinum groups. We thus consider the Lesotho horseshoe bats to be a new separate species that is here described.
Infinitely many solutions for Schrödinger equations with Hardy potential and Berestycki-Lions conditions
Authors: Zhou Shan
Published: March 2024

In this article, we investigate the following Schrödinger equation:

−
Δ
u
−

μ

∣
x
∣

2

u
=
g

(

u

)

in

R

N

,

-\Delta u-\frac{\mu }{{| x| }^{2}}u=g\left(u)\hspace{1em}{\rm{in}}\hspace{0.33em}{{\mathbb{R}}}^{N},

where

N
≥
3

N\ge 3

,

μ

∣
x
∣

2

\frac{\mu }{{| x| }^{2}}

is called the Hardy potential and

g

g

satisfies Berestycki-Lions conditions. If

0
<
μ
<

(

N
−
2

)

2

4

0\lt \mu \lt \frac{{\left(N-2)}^{2}}{4}

, we will take symmetric mountain pass approaches to prove the existence of infinitely many solutions of this problem.
Revitalizing Indigenous Knowledge Systems via Digital Media Technologies for Sustainability of Indigenous Languages
Authors: Ajani Yusuf Ayodeji , Oladokun Bolaji David , Olarongbe Shuaib Agboola , Amaechi Margaret Nkechi , Rabiu Nafisa , Bashorun Musediq Tunji
Published: March 2024

Amidst globalization and the Fourth Industrial Revolution, indigenous language preservation and promotion gain paramount significance. These languages encapsulate rich cultural, historical, and ecological value, embodying unique knowledge systems and identities. Nevertheless, challenges stemming from historical, social, resource, and institutional constraints impede preservation, with digital media technology thus emerging as a pivotal tool in this endeavour. This paper meticulously explores the role of digital media technology in indigenous language preservation during the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Through a comprehensive review of reputable literature, including scholarly articles, case studies, and expert insights, the paper underscores the imperative of language preservation, delving into the obstacles hindering preservation efforts and spotlighting the pivotal role of digital media technology in rejuvenating indigenous languages. The paper also examines various digital tools and applications that facilitate preservation, emphasizing their accessibility and engagement, while also underscoring the importance of collaborative efforts involving indigenous communities, linguists, and technology experts. Ethical considerations, encompassing intellectual property rights and informed consent, are of paramount importance in indigenous language preservation, and thus this paper also consolidates insights derived from the findings and provides recommendations for effective preservation strategies, underlining the necessity of ethical guidelines and emphasizing the indispensable role of government support. The study concludes by addressing prospects and challenges in indigenous language preservation, providing a comprehensive view of safeguarding linguistic heritage in the digital age.
Research advancements on nerve guide conduits for nerve injury repair
Authors: Wang Shoushuai , Wen Xinggui , Fan Zheyuan , Ding Xiangdong , Wang Qianqian , Liu Zhongling , Yu Wei
Published: March 2024

Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is one of the most serious causes of disability and loss of work capacity of younger individuals. Although PNS has a certain degree of regeneration, there are still challenges like disordered growth, neuroma formation, and incomplete regeneration. Regarding the management of PNI, conventional methods such as surgery, pharmacotherapy, and rehabilitative therapy. Treatment strategies vary depending on the severity of the injury. While for the long nerve defect, autologous nerve grafting is commonly recognized as the preferred surgical approach. Nevertheless, due to lack of donor sources, neurological deficits and the low regeneration efficiency of grafted nerves, nerve guide conduits (NGCs) are recognized as a future promising technology in recent years. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current treatments for PNI, and discusses NGCs from different perspectives, such as material, design, fabrication process, and composite function.
Der lange Schatten der Standardisierung in Allianzen – technologische Pfadabhängigkeit, strategische Tiefe und globaler Rüstungsmarkt
Authors: Schütz Torben
Published: March 2024

Dieser Beitrag vertritt die These, dass die von Allianzen während des Kalten Krieges veranlasste technische Standardisierung von Artilleriemunitionskalibern und die daraus resultierenden technologischen und industriellen Pfadabhängigkeiten auch auf dem heutigen globalen Rüstungsmarkt nachwirken und die strategische Tiefe der an großen Konflikten beteiligten Akteure mitbestimmen. Zentral ist dabei die Analyse globaler Standards, Arsenale und Rüstungsmarktbedingungen für Artilleriesysteme und Munition. Aufbauend auf bestehenden Konzeptualisierungen von strategischer Tiefe, Standardisierung und globalem Waffenhandel wird das Modell „Vertikale Standardisierung, horizontale Versorgung, erhöhte strategische Tiefe“ entwickelt, um die theoretischen Erwartungen für Artilleriesysteme und Munitionsstandardisierung zu beschreiben. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass in den weltweiten Artilleriearsenalen die Standardkaliber der NATO und des Warschauer Paktes dominieren. Schließlich macht der aktuelle Krieg in der Ukraine deutlich, dass die Ukraine durch den Zugang zum Weltmarkt in der Lage ist, ihre Streitkräfte weiterhin mit indirektem Artilleriefeuer zu unterstützen, und zwar weitgehend durch den Import von standardisierter Artilleriemunition – sowohl für NATO- als auch für Warschauer-Pakt-Kaliber. Diese internationale Lieferantenbasis ist somit ein integraler Bestandteil der strategischen Tiefe der Ukraine.
„Das klingt echt schwul“ – Eine soziophonetische Untersuchung zum stereotypen schwulen Sprechen im Deutschen
Authors: Vorberger Lars
Published: March 2024

This article examines stereotypical gay speaking using a performative and speaker-centered approach. For this, the default and staged gay ways of speaking of four speakers were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed and compared with each other, supplemented by a perception test. It is argued that stereotypical gay pronunciation can refer to a particular gay persona (i. e., an affected, diva-like extroverted gay man) by analysing which characteristics the speakers used in which way to construct this persona. The results show general usage patterns and the selective use of variants, more specifically an increase in (1) mean pitch, (2) vowel duration, (3) first and second formant of /ɛ/, and (4) intensity as well as de-/nasality and enhanced precision of articulation. The constructions of a persona occur locally, i. e., in a specific context and in combination with other linguistic features. Based on this study’s approach and results, this article contributes to previous studies on the connection between language and sexuality in German speakers.
Synthesis, structural characterization of supramolecular cocrystals of bis(3-hydroxy-1-methylpyridin-1-ium iodide)-18-crown-6
Authors: Vijayasri Mageswaran , Archana Natarajan , Balakrishnan Chellakarungu , Dhanalakshmi Mahalingapandian , Parthiban Shanmugasundaram
Published: March 2024

A new supramolecular cocrystal of bis(3-hydroxy-1-methylpyridin-1-ium iodide)-18-crown-6 (I) has been synthesized successfully from 3-hydroxypyridine, methyl iodide and 18-crown-6 (18C6). The cocrystal was characterized by FT-IR, UV-DRS and PL spectroscopy, single crystal and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, SEM and EDS analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. The bulk phase purity of the compound is confirmed by powder XRD analysis, whereas single-crystal XRD confirms that it packs in a monoclinic system with centrosymmetric space group (P21/c). Single crystal XRD shows that the asymmetric unit is C6H12O3, [C6H8NO]+[I]¯. The presence of C–H⋯O, C–H⋯I and O–H⋯I intermolecular contacts helps to achieve crystal cohesion. The direct band gap energy has been estimated to be 3.21 eV using diffuse reflectance spectral measurements. Thermogravimetric analysis was employed to determine the compound’s thermal behaviour concerning temperature. EDS and SEM investigations were used to examine the elemental composition and surface morphology of the compound.
Seed Quantity and Quality Variation in European Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)
Authors: Gavranović Markić Anđelina , Vujnović Zvonimir , Kičić Martina , Ivanković Mladen
Published: March 2024

European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is characterized by inter-annual cycles of seed production (masting), with synchronized high seed production between sites in some years. The importance of both seed quantity and quality monitoring stems from its role in sustaining the ecological balance, promoting biodiversity, and ensuring the long-term viability of forest ecosystems. This study aimed to (1) describe seed production from 2015 to 2022, (2) identify the potential factors that could affect the yield appearance and seed quantity, and (3) compare the quality of beechnuts from different crop years in Croatia. At each of the six forest seed objects located in the area of forest administrations Bjelovar, Karlovac, Ogulin, Požega, and Delnice, we selected 5 trees for seed collection. Seeds were collected with large PVC nets covering total projection area of the tree crowns. Seed quality testing was performed according to the International Rules for Seed Testing (ISTA Rules). Our results indicate a consistent biennial beechnut cycle. The crop was completely absent in 2015, 2017, 2019 and 2020, while 2016, 2018, 2020 and 2022 were fruitful years. Weather plays a key role in triggering masting. We found that beechnut production is influenced by summer weather conditions (from June to August) in the previous two years. Abundance of beechnut production varies on an annual level, population level and on individual trees. Factors that partially explain the variability in yield are tree height and crown size. No significant differences in viability were found across different years and sites, though the results should be approached with caution due to limited sample representation. The study identified a positive correlation between seed weight and viability, as well as the impact of precipitation on moisture content. The results emphasize the need for continued monitoring and further research to understand the factors influencing beechnut production and quality, crucial for sustainable forest management in the face of climate change.
Knowledge, Practices, and Attitudes of Nurses Regarding Non-Pharmacological Pain Management in the Midwifery Ward
Authors:   Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Hawler Medical University, Kurdistan Region- Iraq, Shareef Shahla , Piro Tiran ,   Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Hawler Medical University, Kurdistan Region- Iraq.
Published: March 2024

Background and Objectives: Pregnant women are frequently worried about labor pain, and it is usually the most important problem for them and their relatives. Non-pharmacological pain relief methods provide several benefits, such as no harmful effects on the fetus or baby, no interruption of labor, and even being pleasurable for the mother and fetus. The aim of this study was to assess the nurse’s knowledge, practice, and attitude toward non-pharmacological pain management methods in the delivery room in Erbil Governorate. Method: The descriptive cross-sectional design was utilized to determine nurses' knowledge, practices, and attitudes about labor pain and non-pharmacological pain management, as well as to monitor nurses' practices in the delivery rooms during labor and delivery. A total of 78 nurses from public and private hospitals in Erbil Governorate participated in the study. Structured questionnaires and an observational checklist were used to collect data and used SPSS version 26 was used to analyze it. Result: Nurse’s knowledge (N=27, 50.0%), (N=9, 37.5%) in public and private hospitals was at a good level, and they had a positive attitude (N=32, 59.3%) in public hospitals and a positive attitude (N=14, 58.3%) in private hospitals. But had a fair practice (N=19, 35.18%) in public hospitals and good practice (N=10, 41.7%) in private hospitals towards labor pain and non-pharmacological pain management. This is due to the lack of time, inadequate staff and the great workload of the staff. Conclusion: This survey showed that the knowledge of most of the nurses was at a good level, but it was weak in items such as (cold therapy, acupuncture and acupressure technique), as well as majority of them do the following practices: relaxation technique, give psychological support and, ensure that women's relatives are there during the entire labor process; and they do not use other types of non-Pharmacological
Knowledge and Satisfaction for Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography at Surgical Specialty Hospital Cardiac Center in Erbil City
Authors:   Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq., Qadir Chnar
Published: March 2024

Background and objectives: Patients' satisfaction is a vital indicator of the quality of health care. Nevertheless, current data on determinants of satisfaction in invasive procedures for the cardiac patients are deficient. Accordingly, this study aims to assess the knowledge and satisfaction level of patients who undergoing coronary angiography. Methods: A descriptive/cross-sectional study design was carried out among 350 coronary heart disease patients who performed coronary angiography at the surgical specialty hospital cardiac center in Erbil City. The study begins from of January 2023 to the 7th of August 2023. The data was collected via using a questionnaire which included patients' characteristics data, knowledge about coronary angiography and patient satisfaction questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed via the frequency and percentages, mean and standard deviation, also the researcher used the Chi-square, independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) also binary logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: Presented higher service satisfaction scores were found in younger patients, male, more educated, and with high monthly income respectively, The overall degree of satisfaction with coronary angiography care was 57.4 % while 42.6 % of the patients were dissatisfied with coronary angiography care, The factors affecting patient dissatisfaction were lack of patient trust (P-value =0.027, OR=0.499), not ensuring privacy during the pro-cedure (P-value 0.003, OR=0.447), unacceptable waiting time for admission (P-value <0.001, OR=5.857) and high costs procedure (P-value <0.001, OR=4.052). Conclusion: More than half of patients are satisfied with coronary angiography care despite most of them having inadequate knowledge.
Non-pharmacologic Pain Management Knowledge and Barriers among Nurses in Erbil Hospitals
Authors:   Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq., Hussain Ronak
Published: March 2024

Aim of the study: Pain management is a multidisciplinary approach for easing suffering and improving the patients’ quality of life and nurses play a significant role in providing pain assessment and treatment. Non-pharmacological pain management is any intervention intended to improve health or well-being that does not involve the use of any drugs or medicine. This study aimed to assess the nurses’ knowledge and their barriers regard-ing non-pharmacologic pain management. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at Hawler, Rizgary and Nanakaly teaching hospitals in medical and oncology wards on a non-probability purposive sample of 100 nurses who worked in the above wards. The data was collected from the end of December to the end of February 2020 through self-reports by nurses using a constructive single choice questionnaire. Each correctly answered item was recorded as 1 and the incorrect one as 0. Results: The higher percentages of nurses, including males aged between (30-39) years, institute graduates, and experienced in jobs between (1-10) years. 69% of nurses have a moderate level of non-pharmacologic pain management, and, 47% of nurses have not applied non-pharmacological pain management in hospitals. Only 16% of them applied, and 37% sometimes applied, psychological and physical methods of non-pharmacologic pain management were more applied by 29% and 23% respectively by nurses than other methods. Nurses had many barriers to using non-pharmacological pain management, like nursing workload and lack of protocol for pain management. Conclusion: This study concluded that the majority of nurses have a fair (moderate) level of knowledge about non-pharmacological pain management and applied by only 16 % of nurses. Nurses have many barriers to using non-pharmacological pain management.