bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Seawater Salinity on the Equilibrium Time of Oxidation Reduction Potential
Authors: Wang Yuan , Liu Da Xi , Ju Mei Ting , Jin Zhao Hui , Li Tie Long
Published: August 2011

On the basis of a large number of continuous monitoring experiments for the five-line salinity of seawater, and the uncertainty of natural seawater oxidation reduction potential (ORP) is 2.2mV, the effect of seawater salinity on the equilibrium time of ORP is studied qualitatively and quantitatively. The results indicated that the greater the salinity, the longer the time of reaching to ORP equilibrium value, the longer the equilibrium time of the seawater ORP value. It is showed that the ORP equilibrium value was obtained at 30minutes, 90minutes, 120minutes, 240minutes and 300minutes from seawater with salinity as 5,20,30,35 and 40, respectively, and the equilibrium time was more than 12 hours. Accuracy and stability of the equilibrium time of seawater ORP value under different salinity can provide technical support for metrological verification of ORP sensor.
Study on the Factors Influencing Spreading Resistance of Heat Sinks
Authors: Gao Da Yong , Zhang Jian Xin , Niu Ping Juan
Published: August 2011

The spreading resistance is a very important parameter in the applications of heat sink. The design of electronic devices will fail without considering the influence of the spreading resistance. In this paper, a simple thermal model was simulated by Computational Fluid Dynamics software. Some factors, which have great influence on the spreading resistance, have been analyzed. The spreading resistance decreases significantly with the increasing of the area ratio between the heat source and the base-plate. While the ratio being 1, the spreading resistance reaches the mix value. The greater the thermal conductivity of heat sink, the lower the spreading resistance. With the increasing of the thickness of base-plate, the spreading resistance reduces. However, if the thickness exceeds the critical value, the spreading resistance will increase. And the spreading resistance reaches the mix value while the centers of heat source and the base-plate are overlapped.
Verifying and Simulating of the Novel Analytical Method of the Steady-State Error for Nonunity Feedback Control Systems
Authors: Mou Shann Chyi
Published: August 2011

Traditionally, the first step to analyze the steady-state error of nonunity feedback control system is to convert the system into an equivalent unity feedback control system, and calculate the steady-state error by using the concept of type number for unity feedback control system. In 2011, Mou is based on the concept of old type number and the definition of new steady-state error functione(t)=(1/KH)r(t)-y(t) by Kuo to offer the method for calculating the steady-state error of nonunity feedback control system. In this paper, three typical examples will be analyzed by the calculation of step response and by the simulation of Matlab. Therefore, we can prove that the definition of new steady-state error function e(t)=(1/KH)r(t)-y(t) by Kuo and the concept of old type number are useful to solve the steady-state error of nonunity feedback control system.
Whole-Circuit Models for the BDCM/LBDCM Driven Electro-Mechanical Systems
Authors: Lin Chi Hsiang
Published: August 2011

BDCM/ LBDCM driven systems include both the electrical and mechanical parts. So there is a gap for students of electrical engineering background to learn about the subject, even though there have been so many activities (e.g. simulations and experiments) to assist their learning. In this paper, we proposed the whole-circuit models to overcome the difficulty. Since the EE department students are good at circuit analysis, such whole-circuit models will be a good medium for them to solve problems regarding electro-mechanical interactions. For example, the model can be used to modify the torsional mode frequencies tested offline by taking into account the influence of electrical power systems.
Automatic Calibration of Clamp-On Ultrasonic Flowmeter Based on Fieldbus Control System
Authors: Hou Qing Qiang , Huang Yong Mei , Zhang Zhi Liang , Sun Bin
Published: August 2011

In practical application, some flowmeters are not allowed to be calibrated off-line periodically, thus on-line calibration is necessary to be implemented in workplace [1]. As a non-invasive flowmeter, the clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeters are widely used in on-line calibration system. As a master flowmeter, ultrasonic flowmeters must be calibrated before or during using. Based on multiple fieldbus control system, an automatic calibration system for the ultrasonic flowmeter was designed. The comparison results between ultrasonic and electromagnetic flowmeter obtained during the process of calibrating manifest that the automatic calibration system is effective and reliable. Because of the good interoperability of the multiple fieldbus, other flowmeters with different protocols can be connected into this system easily. With the high speed development of fieldbus technology, this has great practical significance in flowmeter calibration.
Guidance Law Design for Space-Based Anti-Missile Boost Phase Intercept
Authors: Huang He , Zhu Zhi Fu
Published: August 2011

Guidance law The optimal direct-impact guidance law for space-based anti-missile of ballistic missile in boost phase is considered. First the relative motion equation between missile and target is built, then the optimal guidance law based on terminal miss distance is designed. using minimum energy as the optimum index. The simulation results show the effectiveness of our guidance law.
The Design and Implementation of Three-Phase SPWM Based on DSP
Authors: Lv Feng , Luan T. , Zhang C. H.
Published: August 2011

This paper discusses the principle of SPWM, as well as its mathematical models, highlight introduce the generation principle of SPWM wave based on TI digital signal processor TMS320LF2407A. The formula and mathematical model are simplified by using the symmetric regular sampling method. Update the value of the program by comparing the look-up table, this method improves the operational efficiency, and reduces the error generation. The paper detailed analysis the configuration of each register in event manager module, and gives a critical interrupt subroutine. Through online simulation debugging, get the correct SPWM and the corresponding dead-time waveform.
Design and Realization of Communication System Based on Power Line Carrier
Authors: Li Gang , Che Xi Long
Published: August 2011

Power line carrier, which was one of communication styles, had lots of merits, such as without dedicated data lines or modified the layout of communication, higher safety and application to the communication in a small distance. This paper presents the analysis and demonstration of the key technology in detail so as to indicate the operation feasibility of the system from the technological level and the application perspective. This paper established and tested the system, the test results indicate that the system could operate stably, and it has higher safety and higher application value merits.
SHSD Demodulator of Interferometric Integrated Optical Acceserometer Based on SOPC
Authors: Wang Jin Hai , Wang Feng , Zheng Yu , Zheng Hong Kang
Published: August 2011

It is described that the acceleration signal is modulated to optical phase by Micheson interference device and demodulated by Synthetic-heterodyne signal demodulation(SHSD) ,when the error is compensated by alternating current phase tracking homodyne compensation scheme (PTAC). Then the digital signal proseccing system is designed with SOPC technology. And DSP and intelligent data communication interface run in parallel . The experiment has shown that when the virtual value of external acceleration signal is constant, in selected working frequency range, the system output signal can trace the vibration acceleration signal linearly and reliably.
Automatic Detection of Illuminant Reflection in Indoor Vision-Based Navigation
Authors: Wang Sheng Bei , Wang Jian Ming , Wang Xi , Ma Ling , Dou Ru Zhen , Leng Yu
Published: August 2011

Vision for navigation had been an active area of research for more than three decades, and a vision-based navigation system always needs real-time image collecting and processing to acquire navigation information. In the indoor scenarios, illuminant reflection is often found in navigation images because of smooth surfaces in the environment, such as marble floor, planes of furniture and etc. The negative effect of illuminant reflection in navigation images is obvious and might lower the performance of the navigation system, As to resolve the above problem, the issue of how to detect illuminant reflection should be considered, This paper proposed an automatic detection algorithm to segment illuminant reflection regions in a color image using saturation and brightness characteristics as well as the brightness distribution of the illuminant reflective regions. As to verify the robustness and accuracy of this algorithm, experiments were carried out in different indoor environments where illuminant reflection is found in navigation images, the experiments results we obtained indicated that this algorithm is sufficient to handle the problem with providing good detection results as expected.
The Low Beam Light Optical Configuration of High Brightness LED Headlamp
Authors: Gao Tie Cheng , Yao Su Ying , Tian Hai Tao
Published: August 2011

The low beam light optical configuration of high brightness LED headlamp is designed in this paper. When we design low beam light, three same optical units are overlapped to achieve sufficient luminous flux. LED optical source is arranged and packaged into a LED by using multi-chip in linear array. Each unit uses multi-ellipsoid reflector to converge light issued by multi-chip high-power LED light source, which covers partial light to form by light-dark blocking some of the light baffle to form an cut-line, the light is converged through optical lens to obtain the light-type that low beam light requires. The application of ASAP software implements the simulation, and the test results show that this design meets the national standard of low beam light.
Effect of Different Precursor and Carbon Fibre Content on Unidirectional C/C Composites Interlaminar Bonding Strength
Authors: Liu Hua Liang , Liu Xiu Jun , Qiao Zhi Jun , Li Tong Qi , Hu Zi Jun
Published: August 2011

C/C composites were prepared by low temperature and hot pressure moulding process from T300 carbon fibre and medium temperature pitch(MTP) or MP with nematic liquid crystalline. The effect of the content of carbon fibre and different proportion of MTP to MP on interlaminar bonding strength (ILBS) of C/C composites was investigated. C/C composites were characterized by ILBS test and scanning electron microscope. Results showed that the ILBS increased with the increase of the content of carbon fibre and proportion of MTP. When the content of carbon fibre was 60.5%, the ILBS of composites prepared from MP reached up to 1.498MPa, and to 3.031MPa from MTP.
Partition Slub Yarn into Slub Parts and Base Parts
Authors: Lv Han Ming , Ma Chong Qi
Published: August 2011

A new approach was presented in this paper to partition slub yarn into slub parts and base parts. A voltage signal proportional to the line mass density of slub yarn was firstly acquired with a capacitance sensor and a DAQ (Data AcQuisition) card. Some digital signal processing methods, such as digital filtering and re-sampling, were adopted to reduce the negative affection of sampling noises. An unevenness elimination method was presented to reduce the negative affection of yarn count unevenness, and a greedy algorithm was also presented to calculate the key threshold separating the base and slub parts. Experimental results show that the slub yarn can be partitioned effectively with the presented approach.
A Dissertation on Polysiloxane-Antifoaming-Agents: Antifoaming Principles, Synthesis and Compound
Authors: Han Shan Shan , Xu Jin Yun , Zheng Guo , Sun Yu
Published: August 2011

This first part of this paper will introduce the mechanical-dynamical properties of polysiloxane defoamer thoroughly. Defoamers or foam breakers are added to eliminate the existing foam and usually act on the outer surface of the foam because a bubble is a closed system and the defoamer can only reach the outer surfaces. Then, some of synthesis methods and compounds under real application conditions are given, such as synthesis of methyl hydrogen silicone oil, synthesis methods of polyether and compounds of polyether modified polysiloxane defoamer.
Quantum Chemical Calculation on 1H NMR Chemical Shifts of PMMA/PVPh Blends
Authors: Fu Wei Gui , Chen Li , Li Bao Hui , Sun Ping Chuan
Published: August 2011

Prediction of chemical shifts using quantum chemical calculation is helpful for assigning nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra, and very important in structure determination. In this paper, we calculated1H chemical shifts (δH) of poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly (4-vinyl phenol) (PVPh) and their polymer blends. Density functional theory (DFT) was used to computeδH of hydroxyl groups (OH) for both PVPh homopolymer and PMMA/PVPh polymer blends. The calculated values forδH of OH groups with or without forming hydrogen bonds agreed reasonably well with the experimental values. It was found that the δH of OH groups moved downfield when they formed hydrogen bonds with both other OH groups and carbonyl groups (C=O). The simulated solid state1H NMR spectra based on the B3LYP // GIAO method yielded results for the PMMA, PVPh and PMMA/PVPh, showed excellent agreement with the experimental results. It indicates that the1H NMR spectra are influenced by the main-chain conformations and the hydrogen bond types.
Study on Luminance Uniformity Correction for the LED Flat Panel Display
Authors: Xu Xiu Zhi , Feng Yong Mao , Wang Shu Fan , Niu Ping Juan
Published: August 2011

Non-uniformity of luminance for big screen of LED flat panel display is one of problems affecting its display qualities, but existing widely. This paper analyzes the influences of luminance non-uniformity on LED display images, gives a plan on luminance uniformity correction based on CCD, and then proceeds correction algorithm of correction technology, at last conducts luminance non-uniformity correction for LED flat panel display from brightness datum of CCD image processing, which gives results and analysis before and after correcting.
Using Perturbation FEM Compute the IC Interconnect Parasitic Capacitances Considering Process Variation
Authors: Qu Hui , Xu Xiao Yu , Ren Zhuo Xiang
Published: August 2011

In present IC design, the process variation such as the litho distortion has made the accurate extraction of parasitic capacitances of interconnects become more difficult. One of the problems is the generation of some small deformation including small angle, which makes it difficult to mesh generation when using 3D FEM solver, and the scale of the equation becomes larger. This paper uses the FEM with the perturbation to deal with the issue. We first build the matrix equation with the nominal geometry parameters, and then add the perturbation terms by using the derivative of the matrix and the dimension changes of the distorted conductors. The pertubated system equation is then solved to get the capacitances. The result shows that the method provides accurate capacitances with less CPU time and memory.
A Case Study on Energy Saving and New Energy Services
Authors: Wei Qing Bao
Published: August 2011

Energy conservation or energy saving is one of the most important methods for reducing CO2 emissions, which is known to be associated with global warming. Although development of renewable energy sources such as solar or wind energy is necessary, we must first pay attention to the fact that enormous amounts of energy are consumed uselessly at present. Energy saving should therefore be one of the first problems to be tackled. It may not only bring reductions in CO2 emission, but also may lead to savings in expenditure on energy. This paper introduces some of the initiatives taking place in Japan aimed at energy conservation.
The State-of-the-Art Surveys for Application of Metal Magnetic Memory Testing in Remanufacturing
Authors: Zhang Yuan Liang , Zhou Di , Jiang Peng Sen , Zhang Hong Chao
Published: August 2011

Metal magnetic memory（MMM） testing has been used in the residual life prediction of remanufacturing cores. The MMM testing is one of the most promising nondestructive testing methods for achieving early diagnosis on micro defects of remanufacturing cores. This method can not only detect the traditional macro-cracks, but also identify the micro-damage caused by stress concentration. The principle of MMM testing works in the conditions that without requiring of the external exciting magnetic field, the magnetic field distribution of the inspection surface is scanned and measured by means of magnetic mutation signals to find the possible existence of stress concentration and location of micro-cracks. This paper presents a state-of-art survey about MMM testing mechanism and application of MMM method in Russia, Britain, China and the other countries. It includes the applications of this method in power station turbine blade damage detection by Russia scholars, evaluating the gear creep damage by Polish scholars and detecting the stress concentration districts of the train wheels damaged parts by Chinese scholars. The paper also reports that Chinese scholars developed methods of using MMM testing to characterize initiating and growing of fatigue cracks, and applied this method for prediction of residual life of remanufacturing cores. Based on the comprehensive survey, this paper points out further trends of the research work in the area. The paper also points out that microscopic physical mechanism of the MMM phenomenon and application of MMM testing in defining the manufacturability of remanufacturing cores should be further studied. Introduction
Research of Water Heater Automatic System
Authors: Li Ting Jun , Xu Qin , Ren Jian Cun , Huang Bing Zhi , Zhu Ming Bo
Published: August 2011

With environmental protection, energy saving awareness has enhanced, the use of solar energy has become a trend. Designing a large solar water heater automatic system, which adapts for heating and bathing. It introduces the system’s form, and the study of software and hardware. The system achieves a complementarily to the light, heat and electricity, and achieves the measurement, display of temperature and water.
Using Fuzzy Rough Concept Lattices Merging and Presenting Domain Ontology
Authors: Xu Hong Sheng , Wang Lan
Published: August 2011

As the foundation of the semantic web, ontology is a formal, explicit specification of a shared conceptual model. It becomes an important problem on ontology application to merg and present ontology. However, there are some defects between several kinds of existing ontology application methods in many aspects. The paper offers a methodology of ontology merging for knowledge sharing and reusing based on fuzzy concept concept lattice union in order to makes up these defects.This paper proposes the means of ontology presenting based on the form of concept lattices visualizing in three-dimensional space. The experimental results indicate that this method has great validity.
3D Surface Acquisition and Reconstruction for Assessing the Extent of Strain Ratcheting and Wrinkling in Steel Tubulars
Authors: Zeinoddini M. , Peykanu M. , Abzal A.
Published: August 2011

Cyclic axial loads in steel tubular might lead to local buckling, wrinkling and accumulation of plastic strains in the tube. During their life time steel tubes may also experience different types of material loss such as corrosion or thinning. This paper deals with the effects of corrosion defects on the strain ratcheting response of steel tubes. Small scale un-corroded and corroded tubular specimens have been tested under monotonic and cyclic axial loads. Optical system ATOS has been used for 3D surface acquisition and reconstruction of the tested specimen and to evaluate their strain ratcheting and wrinkling response. This is a camera-based triangulation system. A processing unit employs optical transform equations to automatically and with a great accuracy calculate 3D coordinates for every pixel of camera. Depending on camera resolution as an effect of such a scan a cloud of up to 4 million points has been obtained for every single measurement. From the results, it has been noticed that the possibility of ratcheting or progressive plastic failure substantially increases by the presence of the corrosion defects. With the corroded specimens, the strain ratcheting behaviour in the defected zone has been distinctively different from that in the perfect zones.
New Technologies for Submillimeter Laser Ranging
Authors: Blazej Josef , Prochazka Ivan , Kodet Jan , Panek Petr
Published: August 2011

We are presenting the work progress and recent results in a development and construction of new technologies for submillimeter laser ranging and picosecond accuracy laser time transfer. The key hardware components: the Start detector and discriminator, the echo signal detector, the timing device and signal cablings were studied in detail. The new devices have been designed, built and tested in our lab. To minimize the systematic errors the photon counting approach has been selected. The ranging chain has been designed and optimized with a goal of single shot resolution of several millimeters and sub-millimeter normal points and overall system stability. The Start detector and discriminator are constructed as a single device to optimize their matching and maintain stability. The NPET timing system based on surface acoustic wave interpolator has a resolution of 800 fs and 4 fs long term stability. The echo detector is based on innovated SPAD detector optimized for high repetition Gate rate and minimal dark count rate. Both the detectors output signals have ultrafast slew rates < 200 ps / 1 V. In connection to the 6 GHz bandwidth of the timing system inputs these fast slew rates improves the timing and temperature stability along with the RF interference immunity. The new low temperature drift signal cables have been selected, tested and used. The new hardware was tested in indoor calibration experiments. We have achieved the single shot resolution of 3 mm rms. The temperature and temporal stability of the individual components is excellent. The drift is typically below 200 fs/K for each contributor. The overall temperature drift of the entire laser ranging chain is below 500 fs/ K. The long term stability of the ground target calibration is better than ± 800 fs within 3 days. During this period the environment temperature changed by more than 4°C. In the sense of time deviation Tdev the stability of 300 fs was achieved. The presented components will enable to carry out laser ranging with submillimeter normal points stability and reproducibility. The accuracy of the “ranging machine” based on these devices will reach sub-mm values, as well. The concept and construction will be presented along with the achieved devices parameters.
Design and Test of Magnetorheological Damper with Embedded Controller
Authors: Hu Hong Sheng , Wang Juan
Published: August 2011

Combining with the current development trend of vehicle suspension and damper technology, different standards of MR dampers are respectively developed in this paper in order to solve problems the semi-active suspend engineering application brings, where its structure design of a certain type of MR damper is detailedly analyzed from the point of engineering view. In order to speed up the progress of MR damper development, based on 1/4 suspend hardware-in-the-loop tester, the integrated developing platform for MR damper with embedded controller is designed and developed, in which some key parts are included, such as assistant algorithm of structure design, exploitation tool of speediness testing, communication interface of CAN bus. The integrated developing platform for MR damper with embedded controller is the same with MR product’s exploitation flow. Finally, its hardware and software design of the measuring-controlling unit for MR damper with embedded controller, are introduced, and some test results are also show and analyzed. Experimental results prove that the developed MR damper with embedded controller would have a widely application prospect.
Removing Direct Wave of Through-Wall Radar Based on Singular Value Decomposition
Authors: Xu Hui , Li Bang Yu , Yao Li
Published: August 2011

The problem of target detection which is affected by the direct wave is discussed in this paper. Singular Value Decomposition method is proposed for removing the direct wave. The echo signal is decomposed by use of Singular Value Decomposition method and the one-order eigenvalue of the eigenvalue matrix is set to zero, then the related components of echo signal are removed. The direct wave signal can be removed effectively using this method, and most of the target components of signal are preserved in the process of removing direct wave signal. HFSS simulation software is used for modeling and simulation, and the results show that the resolution of false target using Singular Value Decomposition method increases 11% compared with the Interference Canceling method for removing direct wave.
A Novel Photonic Crystal Fiber with Two Rings of Hybrid Elliptical Air-Holes for Single-Polarization Single-Mode Operation
Authors: Zheng Hong Jun , Wu Chong Qing , Wang Jian , Wang Zhi , Liu Shan Liang , Li Xin
Published: August 2011

A novel photonic crystal fiber (PCF) design with two rings of hybrid elliptical air-holes for single-polarization single-mode (SPSM) operation is presented. The proposed SPSM-PCF characteristics are investigated by using a full-vector finite element method (FEM) with perfect matched layer (PML) boundary conditions. The proposed SPSM-PCF can perform a single-polarization single-mode propagation. The modal birefringence of the proposed SPSM-PCF is as high as 0.00284 at the wavelength of 1.55 µm, the beat length is 0.546 mm. The confinement loss of the x-polarized mode is lower than 0.5 dB/km, whereas the loss of the y-polarized one is larger than 15 dB/km. Compared with the case of x-polarized mode, the y-polarized mode can be suppressed with a shorter fiber length. Variations of the mode field characteristics with input wavelength are given. For considering loss ratio and loss difference, the proposed PCF can perform SPSM operation with wide bandwidth of 600 nm. It indicates that this is a good solution to realize single-mode single-polarization operation.
Design of Software and Hardware Based on JRB230240B LCD
Authors: Zhang Jia Tian , Zhan Jian Guo , Yan Zheng Guo , He Xiong , Ma Lin
Published: August 2011

This paper introduces the basic content of JRB320240B, including LCD tube foot function and operation sequence. Gives a kind of simple and practical hardware interface circuit of LCD and MCU. Design two general functions ,the painting line and circle; and indicate the algorithm of the bottom function. Then realize dials clock based on bottom function.
Evaluation and Classification of Black Soil Structure Degradation in Jilin by Factor Analysis and Dynamic Clustering Analysis
Authors: Niu Cen Cen , Wang Qing , Zhang Wen , Wang Ke , Guo Zhen
Published: August 2011

The black soil in Jilin Province, famous for providing significant amount of commodity grain to entire China, had already begun to regress to disappear on different degrees. To study the structure degradation of black soil in Jilin Province, We used SPSS and matlab programming on data information processing, thirty indexes were chosen, factor analysis on twenty-three samples from different sites and depths in Jilin Province was carried out, and dynamic clustering analysis taking the score of main factor as the variable was performed in turn. Combining them together, as a result, then the degradation mechanism was evaluated and classified. The results showed that eight factors from thirty indexes were found as the principal factors by factor analysis. By dynamic clustering analysis, the areas where twenty-three samples came from could be classified into three types: high degradation, medium degradation and light degradation. Finally, the differences among index scores were analyzed respectively, and reasonable suggested measures to prevent the black soil degradation were stated.
Numerical Analysis of Effect of the Number of Nozzles on Water Mist Flow Field for Gas Explosion Suppression
Authors: Meng Fan Mao , Liu Zhi Chao
Published: August 2011

Explosion suppression by water mist is a new technology for the control of coal mine gas explosion with the three elements in the gas explosion at the same time. By building the physical model of the horizontal laneway in mine, and using the method of theoretical research and numerical simulation, this paper studies the relationship between the number of nozzles and H2O percentage and the distance for stable percentage of H2O, and provides a reliable for the design of water mist system for gas explosion suppression in the horizontal laneway in mine.
Recent Development in Friction Test Methods and Apparatus of Polymer Composites
Authors: Tian Ye , Guo Mei Jia , Zhang Jian She , Li Yu Cheng , Zhang Dong Xing , Li Di Hong
Published: August 2011

Friction and wear performance is very complex. There are many tests methods and tests apparatus. In this paper, some basic of friction contact types and relative motion modes were introduced. Then some important friction tests methods and apparatus for composites were reviewed concisely. At last, a new friction method and equipment used in Kevlar/epoxy composite were proposed.
Estimation of Thickness of the Sediments in a Circular Pipe by Finite Element Method
Authors: Yin Ye An , Horoshenkov Kirill , Ou Gui Bing
Published: August 2011

This paper presents an approach that estimates the thickness of the porous sediments on the bottom of a circular pipe by comparing the measured propagation modes’ frequencies to that calculated by finite element method (FEM). It is validated by comparing the calculated results to the theoretical results for the circular pipes with rigid boundary condition and to the experimental results with sediments laid on the bottom of the pipe. The comparison results show that the disagreements between measured thickness and the calculated thickness are less 3 percent. This method can be used to monitoring or measuring the depth of the sediments on the bottom of a pipe in confined situations.
Effects of Soil Compaction to its Shear Property
Authors: Liu Lin Lin , Li Jian Qiao , Fan Shi Chao , Li Xiu Juan , Fan Wen Feng , Li Hao
Published: August 2011

The survey shows that the bulk density of lunar soil increases with the depth. The compaction of lunar soil also differs in the depth. The lunar soil mechanical condition plays an important and non-negligible roll on the mobility of the rover. It is important to make research on the change of the mechanical parameters at different lunar soil conditions, and it is also important to research the trafficability of rover on different lunar surface condition. The presented paper simulates the lunar soil with different depth by means of three kinds of lunar soil simulant on different compact condition. Based on the direct shear apparatus, it was researched that the cohesion, internal friction angle, bull density of lunar soil simulant on different compaction conditions, including loose, normal, and compressed. The measurement results show that the bulk density and cohesion of the lunar soil simulant increase with the compact conditions in general. The bulk density changes within a narrow range from1.1 g/cm3 to 1.4 g/cm3. The cohesion increases, and changes significantly, which varies from 0 kPa to 0.5 kPa. The internal friction angle changes without regularity within a range from 30 deg to 40 deg. The measurement results can be used to explain the different trafficability of wheels after repeatedly passing the same lunar surface. Also it will be of significant to the evaluation of the rover mobility at different lunar soil condition.
Analysis and Experimental Study on the Characteristics of Leakage of Rotary Seal Using Sealing Ring
Authors: Wei Chao , Hong Jun Hua , Hu Ji Bin
Published: August 2011

To solve problems of seal failure on composite transmission because of high temperature, an analytical and experimental analysis for the characteristics of leakage is presented. Basic on the principle of hydraulic resistance network, via establishing mathematical model of each section belonged to flow system, a leakage model of flow system is set up. Using the analytical model and the experimental methods, the factors of leakage are discussed. The results indicate that the characteristics of leakage depend on the working conditions, structural parameters of rotary seal and viscosity-temperature characteristics of lubricating medium.
Overpressure Measurement on the Thermal Explosion of Shell Charge
Authors: Wang Chang Li , Cai Zong Yi , Tang Yu Zhi , Zhao Sheng Wei , Li Xun , Lin Ying Rui , Chu Zhe
Published: August 2011

This paper introduces the methods and results of the overpressure in the thermal explosion, and analyzes the results according to the structure of the explosion cave. The experimental results show that the overpressure is close to that in detonation. It will generate electromagnetic radiation when the shell charge explodes, for the reason of electrokinetic’s effect and the friction of explosion product with the shell, and the electromagnetic radiation signal of shell charge and bare detonator are different from each other, including the duration and the complexity of signal.
Research on On-Line Detection Technology for Yarn Evenness
Authors: Yuan Ru Wang , Jiang Xiu Ming
Published: August 2011

This paper compares capacitive and photoelectric method for measuring yarn evenness, and presents a new yarn unevenness on-line measurement system to detecting accurately yarn appearance diameter. By means of researching coefficient of diameter variation and mass variation, the relation model of variation coefficient is established, and the experimental data shows excellent correlation between coefficient of diameter variation and coefficient of mass variation and approximate linear relationship. The laser on-line measurement system of yarn evenness can accurately measure yarn diameter and calculate the coefficient of variation, which is suitable for the production field measurement.
Thermal Characteristics Simulation of the Commissioning Process for New Buried Heated Oil Pipelines
Authors: Chen Guo Qun , Zhao Ming Hua , Xu Bo
Published: August 2011

For a new buried heated oil pipeline, the temperature field of the surrounded soil is natural. Therefore the temperature is usually low in this case. For the waxy crude oil whose pour point is higher than the ground temperature, if the new pipeline transports such oil directly after heating, crude oil may gel in pipeline because its temperature decrease dramatically due to heat exchange between the fluid and the surrounded soil. Hence, in practical situation hot water is often used to warm up the pipelines for most of the new long-distance buried pipelines. Crude oil transportation is determined after the soil temperature field around the pipeline is sufficiently high and the inlet water temperature meets the requirement.
Research on High-Accuracy Low-Power Ultrasonic Flow Measurement and Instrument
Authors: Zhao Wei Guo , Zhao Xue Song
Published: August 2011

In order to solve the problem of low accuracy and high power consumption, A new ultrasonic flow measurement method was proposed in this paper. With this method, the influence of the delay-time in the circuit was eliminated,the temperature of fluid was compensated automaticly and the accuracy of the flow measurement was improved. The ultrasonic flow-meter was designed with the micro-power timing chips TDC-GP2 and MSP430F435, which reduced the power consumption effectively. The experimental results showed that the accuracy of the ultrasonic flow-meter was 1.5% and the average operating current was lower than 35uA.
An Improved Incremental Training Algorithm of Support Vector Machines
Authors: Qin Liang , Yin Hong Wei , Shi Xian Jun , Xiao Zhi Cai
Published: August 2011

In order to figure out the deficiency of the SVM on extensive sample, nature of SV is studied in this paper. An improved incremental training algorithm is put forward based on dimensional of samples. A chosen gene which got by density and distance criterion is used in this method. In this method the number of training samples is decreased and the space information is keeped. So, the training speed is improved while the precision is not reduced. And the simulation proved the efficiency of this method.
A Joint ICI Mitigation Method Based on Decision Feedback and Pilot Tracking
Authors: Cheng Yong Mao , Zhu Ping Yun , Pan Li Li , Chen Wang Da
Published: August 2011

Orthogonality among subcarriers of OFDM is destroyed by Doppler spread in high mobility environment, causing the decline of system performance. Based on the analyses of ICI principle, a low complexity ICI mitigation method is proposed by equalization in frequency domain. The method is characterized by joint channel estimation of decision feedback and pilot tracking with weighted correction, using estimation result of long training sequence as the initial value. System performance under conditions of different SNR and normalized Doppler shift was tested and compared using new method and conventional methods. Simulations show that the SER performance of our proposed method is satisfactory.
Mining Successful Weight Loss after Bariatric Surgery by Using Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines
Authors: Lee Yi Chih , Lee Chia Ko
Published: August 2011

Weight loss, after bariatric surgery, is not the only criterion but the significant outcome measure. Bariatric surgery is currently the most successful long-term treatment for morbid obesity. We aimed to evaluate weight loss in obese patients by using information typically reported in the initial evaluation carried out before bariatric surgery. A retrospective study of obese patients after bariatric surgery with two years' follow-up data was conducted. We analyzed the clinical information and laboratory data in the initial evaluation of patients experienced bariatric surgery for predictors. All data were analyzed by using multivariate adaptive regression splines. We have looked at 500 patients, consisting of 147 men and 353 women, for 2 years after operation. 427 (85.4％) patients successful lost weight (excess weight loss ＞50%) while 73 (14.6％) did not. MARS is a better modeling technique and the predictive accuracy is higher on the basis of multiple variables related to laboratory tests. Our findings demonstrated the significant result that obese patients of successful weight reduction after bariatric surgery were different operative methods, albumin, waist- hip ratio, HOMA, Insulin and Triglyceride.
Based on Biped Robot Walking in Horizontal Surface Research of Dynamic Simulation
Authors: Wang Hong Bo
Published: August 2011

The purpose of this thesis is to develop a dynamic model of biped locomotion and implement a suitable controller for it . The locomotion aimed to be realized in this thesis is walking on a flat horizontal sueface in the sagittal plane. a planar five-link biped robot , which consists of a torso, two thighs and two shanks, with five degree of freedom is modeled. A gait cycle of the walking motion includes the single support phase(SSP), the impact phase and the support end exchange phase. The dynamic equation at SSP is derived by using the Lagrangian formulation and the impact equation is derivd by using the momention change caused by the nonconservative force during impact and the constraint imposed in the impact leg.
Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment System Based on GIS
Authors: Zhang Li Zhong , Zhang Yong Bo , Zhou Xiao Yuan , Liang Guo Ling , Wang Qian , Cai Zhi Zhao , Huo Zhi Bin , Zhu Ji Xiang
Published: August 2011

On the basis of GIS technique, with single factor layer data of spatial database and Overlay analysis method, the designing of groundwater vulnerability assessment model for DRASTIC、LSD、DRTA、DLCT has been proposed. Under VC ++6.0, with the application of MapGIS development kit, the groundwater vulnerability assessment model system has been developed. It can associate professionals for performance evaluation of groundwater vulnerability.
Measuring the Phthalates of Xiangjiang River Using Liquid-Liquid Extraction Gas Chromatography
Authors: Zhu Xiao Juan , Qiu Yin Yan
Published: August 2011

Objective: To observe the phthalates pollution situation in water environment and design the liquid-liquid extraction gas chromatography method to measure phthalates in Xiangjiang River water. Methods: The water samples were collected from six monitor points of the Xiangjiang River’s Changsha period. After liquid-liquid extraction, gas chromatography was used to measure and analyze the phthalates pollution in this period of the river. Results: Dioctyl phthalate resin (DOP) and dibutyl phthalate (2- ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were detectable in all samples from six monitor points, the concentrations of DEHP were from 0.62-15.23μg/L, DOP were from 0.04-0.21μg/L. Conclusion: The optimum conditions for the extraction of phthalates are: 0.025ml dichloromethane as extraction solvent, centrifuge speed at 4000r/min, extraction time 20 minutes, and this method is appropriate for monitoring the phthalates pollution in water environment.
Statistic Analysis of Examination Results and Examination Design Quality
Authors: Yin Jin Sheng
Published: August 2011

The analysis of examination results and design quality plays a vitally important role in teaching management, greatly helping teachers to perfect teaching, improve teaching quality and enhance proposition quality. Based on the final examination paper of Higher Mathematics (2) in the second term of 2009-2010 school year of Shandong Jiaotong University, this thesis makes a qualitative and quantitative analysis from the perspective of difficulty, discrimination and credibility, etc., concluding the indexes of the above factors in the exam paper. It then makes a rounded analysis of exam design quality and points out some problems in exam design, providing some beneficial enlightenment for future teaching.
Optimal Placement of Phasor Measurement Units Based on Information Entropy Property Evaluation
Authors: Feng Yuan , Xia Li , Wang Li Ming , Yan Xiao Ling , Xiao Liang Fen
Published: August 2011

The optimal placement of PMU exerts very important influences on the application of Synchronized Phasor Measurement Technique in power system. In the paper, the optimal placement of PMU is firstly transformed into importance evaluation for the node. Then, PMU optimization algorithm of power system is proposed based on property evaluation of information entropy in connection with node importance evaluation. In the main idea of the algorithm, PMU is configured respectively according to importance order of each node in power system. As the experimental results show, attribute of se becomes the most important one in the property evaluation of information entropy. Contrasting original score Table 1 with the evaluation results Table 7, we conclude that final importance order for the node brings into correspondence with the score of attribute se, which proves the correctness of the algorithm eventually. Two methods of optimal placement of PMU raised in the end provide very strong instructive significance to the practices in reality.
Molecular Dynamics Deformation Simulation of Carbon Nanotube Probes
Authors: Zhou Ming Yue , Tian Yan Ling , Ren Zhi , Zheng Huan Ying , Wei Ri Bo
Published: August 2011

Understanding of the prosperities of the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) probes is crucial when measuring surface using atomic force microscopy (AFM). In this paper, we investigate the deformation of CNTs by adding lateral forces based on molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. In the simulation, Tersoff many-body potential function is used to describe the interaction between atoms. The movement of CNTs is periodic vibration, which is different from traditional material. We analyzed the vibration of different CNTs including single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and sharpened CNTs. Similarities and differences between different CNTs during the deformation are illustrated. It is shown that sharpened CNTs have better stiffness without declining the resolution of AFM. By analyzing the results obtained from the MD simulation, it is found that the sharpened CNTs may be more suitable as AFM probes.
Application of LabVIEW in Emulation Study on Time-to-Count Measuring System
Authors: Lai Yong Fang , Zeng Zhi , Sun Jian , Lui Shu Liang
Published: August 2011

By making use of LabVIEW, this paper emulates the Time-To-Count measuring system with Geiger-Mueller counter. Results of the emulation indicate that compared with the conventional mode of pulse counting, under the condition of higher intensity of ionizing radiation, method of Time-To-Count can avoid negative effect of Geiger-Mueller counter’s long dead-time. However with ionizing radiation attenuating, the advantage of Time-To-Count will disappear gradually. According to the emulation, this paper also puts forward some suggestions to improve the Time-To-Count measuring system.
Optimizing the Design Parameters of Spherical-Cymbal Transducer Based on Comprehensive Point-Rating Method
Authors: Wu Shi Lin , Zhang Qi , Xiong Jiu Long
Published: August 2011

Spherical-cymbal transducer, which is derived from the traditional cymbal transducer, has demonstrated better vibration displacement and resonance frequency performance than the traditional cymbal transducer. In order to realize the optimal design of the spherical-cymbal transducer, orthogonal experiment is used to optimize the design parameters of the spherical-cymbal transducer. Weighted comprehensive point-rating method (WCPM) is used to process the orthogonal experiment results for multi indexes, and intuitionistic analysis of the weighted comprehensive score is used to optimize the level of each design parameter. The optimal combination of all design parameters is gained. Test results show that the optimized spherical-cymbal transducer has the best integrative performance.
The ERP Detection of Mental Arithmetic Strategies
Authors: Peng Du Hong , Chen Jian , Wei Hong Tao
Published: August 2011

Strategy use is a mental operation which aims directly at its target. In order to investigate brain activity during mental arithmetic strategies using, subtraction answers-discrimination tasks were used through 8 healthy subjects with the Event-related Potentials (ERPs) technique. The results showed: (1) The principal components of ERP were: N1, P1, P2, P300 and N400. (2) At the F3, C3 point, stage 4 induced more negative wave than stage 1; At F4, C4, P3 and P4 point, stage 4 induced more positive wave than stage1. (3) Activation of brain areas mainly included Temporal lobe, Prefrontal cortex and Parietooccipital. (4) With the subjects gradually skilled in using strategies, activated brain region gradually moved from back to front; meanwhile the right side had higher active level than the left of brain. Further exploration need to describe more detailed brain potentials during mental arithmetic strategies using in other conditions.
Numerical Simulation of the Double-Cones Flow-Meter on its Expansibility Factor
Authors: Liang Jia Na , Liang Guo Wei , Liang Hua Feng
Published: August 2011

In order to study the double-cones flowmeter’s varying mechanism of expansibility factor, the experiment on the flowmeter with certain double-cones rate of diameter for 0.4、0.5、0.6 is carried out firstly, witch compared with the result of computational simulation. They are almost the same. This ensures the correctness of simulation. Then, we get the predictive formula of expansibility factor for the double-cones flowmeter through a mass of simulation study on the flowmeter with certain rate of diameter for 0.4、0.5、0.6、0.7、0.8、0.9 using Fluent.