bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Financial Knowledge, Financial Self-Efficacy, and Saving Behaviour on Junior High School Students: A Case Study of Rural and Urban Area Students
Authors:   Research Scholar, School of Business and Management, ITB, Bandung, Julianti Badria
Published: December 2021

Financial knowledge, financial behaviour, financial self-efficacy, and financial behaviour are needed to make the right financial decisions. This study determines the differences in rural and urban junior high school students’ financial knowledge, financial behaviour, financial self-efficacy, and saving behaviour. This study also finds the influence of financial knowledge, financial self-efficacy, and saving behaviour on students’ financial behaviour. This study used the t-test, independent t-test and multiple linear regression methods to analyse the data obtained in the survey. The respondent of the survey is junior high school students aged 11 to 15 years. Data were obtained from the results of questionnaires filled in online by students. The results showed differences in financial knowledge, financial behaviour, and financial self-efficacy in rural and urban junior high school students. The findings in this study show that the financial behaviour of junior high school students in rural and urban areas shows the same results. Our research shows that demographics, financial knowledge, and financial self-efficacy influence students’ financial behaviour. However, financial behaviour is not influenced by students’ saving behaviour.
A Review on the Different Types of Honeypots in Information Security
Authors:   Department of Electrical Engineering, Udayana University, Jimbaran, Badung Regency 80361, Indonesia, Nugraha I Putu Elba Duta
Published: December 2021

Honeypotting has evolved into a crucial tool in information security analysis, despite the fact that the concept of enticing enemies in order to watch their activities is not new. Honeynets, honeytokens, and adaptive honeypots are examples of recent advancements in network intrusion detection. This article will look at modern applications, as well as the technical issues that go into developing honeypot solutions for dynamically blocking emerging attack vectors and exploitation of sophisticated persistent threats.
Entrepreneurship Potential Indigenous Martial Arts, Sports and Games of Manipur
Authors:   MPE, NET, Ph.d Student, DPESS, Manipur University, Canchipur, Imphal, Dhiren Ningthoujam
Published: December 2021

The meiteis play various martial arts, sports and games originated in the soil of their birth and treasured them as rich traditional heritage culture of the community since hoary past to till date. Sarit sarak, Mukhna, Mukhna Kangjei, Thang Ta, Sagol kangjei @ Polo, Kang @ Surface billiard, Ten Kappa, Ching kaba are some of the well known indigenous sports and games which are facing strong competition from modern sports games played and practice by the people of Manipur. In fact, indigenous sports and games are struggling for survival on its soil of birth. At this critical juncture, to save these indigenous activities from gradual extinction, Entrepreneurs can do Entrepreneurship program for these sports and games to save, preserve and popularize them through economic activities.
Implementing a Program on Poly- / Multiculturalism for Future Teachers of Foreign Languages: Practice-Oriented Approach
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 15, Heroyiv Oborony St., Kyiv 03041, Ukraine, Chaika Oksana
Published: December 2021

The article considers the key aspects for implementation of a university program on poly- / multiculturalism for future teachers of foreign languages (FL), teachers / instructor of languages for specific purposes (LSP), lecturers and teachers of translation, aiming at the practical value. The two concepts ‘polycultural education’ and ‘multicultural education’ are differentiated; it is substantiated that more research is required and the clarifications are to be introduced among academics locally and globally as the mentioned concepts and relevant labels in terminology are misused / confused in the research works laid out in Ukrainian and Russian. Next, the course “Poly- / multiculturalism for future teachers of foreign languages” aims at mastering pedagogical innovations in the field of poly- / multicultural education, development of students' ethno-cultural competence and pedagogical creativity, respectively. The purpose of the optional / specially designed is to form students' ideas about cultural pluralism as an objective social reality and nurture such ideas in support for everyday communication inside and outside the classroom. It is found relevant to single out the following course objectives: 1) to develop poly- / multicultural and ethno-pedagogical competences of students who are training to become FL teachers / instructors, LSP teachers / instructors, translation lecturers, philologists, translators, etc.; 2) to form the students’ ability in future to conduct professional activities in a poly- / multicultural environment, taking into account the peculiarities of the socio-cultural situation of development; 3) to keep developing the students’ ability to use in professional activities the basic development laws of the modern social and cultural environment. It is specified that the course designs the cornerstones by highlighting the relevance in the modern global and educational environment; aim and objectives; the contents; the structure; and the methodology of the course. It is concluded that the research findings contribute to good practices of designing and developing university curricula from a practice-oriented perspective and help bring quality change to the modern educational space.
Ways to Improve Biological Education in Higher Education
Authors:   Senior Teacher, Jizzakh State Pedagogical Institute, Pardaeva Khurshida
Published: December 2021

One of the most pressing issues today is the organization of education, which combines all the components of educational content, traditional teaching, which maintains its dominance in educational institutions, serves as the basis for a systematic approach to the teaching of biological sciences. At the heart of a systematic approach to the teaching of biological sciences is the integration of educational content, teaching methods, tools and forms, and these components of the educational process form a coherent system.
Effect of different filters on the extraction of norbixin from Bixa orellana for synthetic fiber dyeing and development of a post-dyeing process for removal of the unfixed dye
Authors: Gonçalves Marcel Jefferson , Pereira Cynthia Baptista , Manske Nathália Meyer , Hillesheim Crisleine Regina , Prando Amábile Colla , Bertoli Sávio Leandro , Valle Rita de Cássia Siqueira Curto , Barcellos Ivonete Oliveira , Tavares Lorena Benathar Ballod
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of three types of filters for the extraction of the annatto dye from Bixa orellana for polyester dyeing. In addition, post-dyeing washing processes were proposed to improve the wash and rubbing fastness. In the extraction procedure the paper filter presented the highest yield (13.3%), followed by the polypropylene (11.4%), but there was no significant difference in the results for the exhaustion percentage (average of 87.4%) and K/S values (1.68 to 2.24). Results showed the polypropylene filter was the most suitable and can be reused. The post-dyeing washing processes with detergent improved the fastness increasing the color transfer score from 1.5 (large change) to 3 (small change). An acceptable color difference between the dyed fabric samples before and after washing was observed. Results indicate that the post-dyeing washing process improves the quality of dyed fabrics to levels acceptable for industrial application.
Assessment of the Reliability of Different Components of Fuel Measurement Systems Used in Angola
Authors: Afonso Henrique , Sebastião Dunge José
Published: December 2021

The present work aims to assess the reliability of the different fuel measurement systems used at SNLD filling stations. As objectives, it is intended to propose a methodology for selecting the types and models of pumps to be used and when to replace them. The assessment of the risks in the replacement of a pump and the impact on the environment will also be examined. Although the discussion on pumps is not new in Angola, there are no published records on this subject, particularly in the selection of types and models of systems to be used and when to replace, using the different scientific tools. For the analysis of these equipments and their reliability, weibull distribution, ANOVA analysis and computational tools of probability and statistics with excel were used. The analysis by these two methods made it possible to certify the results obtained. A benchmarking was carried out at the filling stations of SNLD, Pumangol and Sonangalp to compare the quality of some services. The results achieved were discussed during the internship held at Petrotec. As a result, the components that have the most impact on the maintenance system of the different pumps, the causes of the faults and their respective costs were identified. The most vulnerable components identified are errors in the display, heating in the engine and malfunction of electrovalves.
Decarbonization for Oil and Gas Value Chain: An Update Review
Authors: Ramos Geraldo
Published: December 2021

Apart from oil and natural gas conventional reservoirs scarcities, global warming is one of the environmental petroleum industry challenges in the short-medium-long term. This is related to the dramatic growth of greenhouse gases (GHGs) emission in which carbon dioxide (CO2) produced by the combustion of fossil fuels plays a significant role in atmosphere carbonization. Different technologies or systems for capturing CO2 are available such as pre-combustion systems, post-combustion systems, oxy-fuel combustion systems and capture from industrial process streams. However, decarbonization involves the removal of greenhouse gases emissions and storing them in geological formation or using them for other sectors of industries including oil production optimization. This process is known as carbon dioxide capture usage and storage (CCUS), a promising method to reduce CO2 emissions due to increasing energy demand and continued dependency on fossil fuel in the next decades while green energy is still under investigation or is not a mature option yet. Besides the CCUS method, emission reduction can also be achieved by improving energy efficiency or shifting to green energy. Therefore, Oil and gas (O&G) producers need to continue investigating the CCUS as an option that allows using fossil energy sources while the world is moving to transition to other green energies.
Optimization of Esterification Reaction Conditions Through the Analysis of the Main Significant Variables
Authors: Ricetti Margarida Bruna , I. Flores Luana , De Lima Luz Jr. Luiz Fernando , Kaminski Lenzi Marcelo
Published: December 2021

Biodiesel production from residual sources is gaining considerable attention nowadays. Consequently, many different studies with in-depth analysis concerning the influence of the transesterification reaction conditions are available in the literature. However, further evaluation of the esterification of fatty acids in the biodiesel industry is still needed. In this study, different parameters influencing the esterification reaction behavior using ethanol as the alcohol and lauric acid as the FFA are analyzed through factorial design and ANOVA methodologies to verify which ones are significant in the reaction. In total, four parameters were evaluated: temperature, catalyst concentration, ethanol/FFA ratio, and ethanol/water ratio. The temperature and ethanol/water ratio had a major influence on the reaction, as increasing these parameters greatly improved reaction conversion. It was also verified that using hydrous ethanol in the esterification reaction is possible in some conditions.
Synthesis of Biodiesel by Transesterification Reaction from Jatropha Curcas Lineu Oil Seed (“Mpuluka”) Collected in City of Uíge, Angola
Authors: Albano kanga Manuel , Mamputu João , Pedro Guilherme  João
Published: December 2021

In this work, it was made a study of biodiesel synthesis by transesterification reaction from Jatropha Curcas Lineu Oil (“Mpuluka”) with methanol in the presence of NaOH. First of all a seed treatment and a granulometric study were carried out and it was concluded that the oil content and yield obtained from the extraction do not depend on the particles size of the seed. The Jatropha Curcas oil was obtained by means of a Soxhlet extraction system, using n -hexane. The oil content obtained was 45,32% and its yield was 90,88%. The physicochemical properties analysis of the oil indicates a high acidity index. For this, the synthesis of biodiesel was carried out using two steps: pre-treatment of crude oil before transesterification reaction and the esterification of crude oil followed by transesterification. The best yield in biodiesel (≈60%) was obtained with the molar ratio (oil/alcohol):1/6. The biodiesel obtained falls within admissible limit values of the international quality standards defined by ASTM_D and EN / ISO.
In this work, it was made a study of biodiesel synthesis by transesterification reaction from Jatropha Curcas Lineu Oil (“Mpuluka”) with methanol in the presence of NaOH. First of all a seed treatment and a granulometric study were carried out and it was concluded that the oil content and yield obtained from the extraction do not depend on the particles size of the seed. The Jatropha Curcas oil was obtained by means of a Soxhlet extraction system, using n -hexane. The oil content obtained was 45,32% and its yield was 90,88%. The physicochemical properties analysis of the oil indicates a high acidity index. For this, the synthesis of biodiesel was carried out using two steps: pre-treatment of crude oil before transesterification reaction and the esterification of crude oil followed by transesterification. The best yield in biodiesel (≈60%) was obtained with the molar ratio (oil/alcohol):1/6. The biodiesel obtained falls within admissible limit values of the international quality standards defined by ASTM_D and EN / ISO.
Enhancing the aesthetic aspect of the solar systems used as facades for building by designing multi-layer optical coatings
Authors: AL-Assadi Zainab I. , AL-Assadi Fawzia Irhayyim
Published: December 2021

The design of zero-energy buildings can be depending on the effective integration of solar energy systems with building envelopes, where these systems save heat and electricity as well as enhance the aesthetic aspect of the facades. In this paper, the aspects related to the effective integration of buildings with solar energy systems (solar cells and collectors) will be discussed, as well as enhancing the aesthetic aspect of the facades, and since solar energy systems are visible to everyone, their design must adapt to the building structure and the surrounding environment. Solar energy system designers, architects, physicists and other contributors to building energy envelopes must consider the comprehensive concept of it, where buildings are part of the human and social environment and in close relationship with the natural environment, through the use of thin films technology through the design of multi-layers colored optical coatings covering solar panels for building facades. Accordingly, the energy sector should be seen as an area of aesthetic creativity. Two dielectric materials were used, the first is ThF4 with a high refractive index (1.5143) and the second is LiF with a low refractive index (1.393) and for several odd layers, starting from 3 layers and up to 21 layers and for a thicknesses of a quarter wavelength. The design Air/L/H/Glass was applied by the Mat Lab program for the seven colors of the spectrum, So, the aim of this research is determined in designing colored optical coatings for solar systems that enhance the aesthetic aspect of building facades, as well as generating thermal and electrical energy needed to operate the buildings and to find out which color has the best visible reflectivity and solar transmittance better than the rest of the spectrum, all the results exhibit that yellow color has the higher visible reflectivity and higher merit factor, so it is consider the most efficient color for coloring the solar systems than the rest of colors spectrum.
In Depth Review of COVID-19 Effect on CVS
Authors: Delvadiya Rutvi , Jagani Bansi , Gohel Ankita , Desai Jay , Ram Darshit
Published: December 2021

Corona virus disease 2019 (covid-19) is global pandemic affecting 185 countries and > 30,00,000 patient worldwide as of April 28,2020
COVID-19 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus. Which invades cells through the angiotensin – converting
enzyme 2 receptor. Among patient with COVID-19, there is a high prevalence of cardiovascular disease and > 7% of patients
experience myocardial injury from the infection (22% of critically ill patients). Although angiotensin – converting enzyme 2 serves as
the portal for infection, the role of angiotensin – converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blockers requires further
investigation. COVID-19 poses a challenge for heart transplantation, affecting donor selection. Immunosuppression and posttransplant management. Primary cardiac manifestation includes acute myocarditis, myocardial infarction, arrhythmia and abnormal
clotting. The disease does not discrimate but increasing age & the presence of comorbidities are associated with severe form of the
disease and poor outcomes. While our knowledge of COVID-19 continues to rapidly expend, this review highlights recent advances in
our understanding of the interaction between COVID-19 & the cardiovascular system. Management of acute COVID-19 cardiovascular
syndrome should involve a multidisciplinary team including intensive care specialists, infectious disease specialists and cardiologists.
Clinical and diagnostic details of cardiovascular involvement in these patients a mostly limited to biochemical markers. Cardiovascular
drugs the cardiac effect of therapeutic agent on the illness continue to be under investigation with an increasing number of patients
newer promising therapies and ongoing clinical trials the exact mechanisms & extent to which this risk. Factors contribute to
outcomes will be clearer in the future.
Review on Analytical Methods for Determination of Lamivudine, Dolutegravir and Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate in Fixed Dose Combination
Authors: Y. Haribabu , K. Nihila , VK. Sheeja , MB. Akhil
Published: December 2021

Pharmaceutical medicines play an important role in human life that helps to cure different diseases. For the chemical and
pharmaceutical analysis of the drug effective quality control and pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic studies are needed. Several
methods have been developed and validated for its pharmaceutical and biological materials since it was introduced as an important
antiretroviral agent. The literature survey reveals that only four RP HPLC method and one HPTLC was developed for the simultaneous
estimation of Dolutegravir, Lamivudine and Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in tablet dosage form. These three drugs are used as
antiretroviral medicines which are used for HIV or AIDS prevention and treatment. The goal of this review is to define and establish a
simple, precise and selective method for estimating the dosage of Lamivudine, Tenofovir Disoproxil fumarate and Dolutegravir in
biological and pharmaceutical dosage form using the HPLC, HPTLC, UPLC, UV Visible spectroscopy, LC/MS, Infrared spectroscopy,
NMR spectroscopy, Microbiological assay, Electrochemical studies and Capillary electrophoresis. UV-detector HPLC is commonly used
in pharmaceuticals and LC-MS are widely used for biological materials with mass and tandem mass spectrometer detector systems.
Various parameters such as device suitability, process accuracy, precision, linearity, detection limit will validate the UV Visible
spectroscopy and RP-HPLC technique.
A Review on Mucormycosis: Disease transmission, Risk factors, Management and Outcomes of Mucormycosis
Authors: Bhaskar Shivam , Kumar Sunil , Dwivedi Surabhi , Shrivastava Anil Kumar
Published: December 2021

To portray the study of disease transmission, the board and result of people with Mucormycosis; and to assess the danger factors
related with mortality. We led a planned observational examination including continuous people with demonstrated Mucormycosis
across 12 focuses from India. The segment profile, microbiology, inclining elements, the board and 90-day mortality were recorded;
hazard factors for mortality were broke down. We included 465 patients. Rhino-orbital mucormycosis was the most well-known
(315/465, 67.7%) show followed by aspiratory (62/465, 13.3%), cutaneous (49/465, 10.5%), and others. The inclining factors included
diabetes mellitus (342/465, 73.5%), harm (42/465, 9.0%), relocate (36/465, 7.7%), and others. Rhizopus species (231/290, 79.7%)
were the most well-known followed by Apophysomyces variabilis (23/290, 7.9%), and a few uncommon Mucorales. Careful treatment
was acted in 62.2% (289/465) of the members. Amphotericin B was the essential treatment in 81.9% (381/465), and posaconazole
was utilized as mix treatment in 53 (11.4%) people. Antifungal treatment was unseemly in 7.6% (30/394) of the people. The 90-day
death rate was 52% (242/465). On multivariate examination, dispersed and rhino-orbital (with cerebral augmentation) mucormycosis,
more limited span of manifestations, more limited length of antifungal treatment, and talent with amphotericin B deoxycholate
(versus liposomal) were autonomous danger components of mortality. A joined clinical and careful the executives was related with a
superior endurance. Diabetes mellitus was the prevailing inclining factor in all types of mucormycosis. Consolidated careful and clinical
administration was related with better results. A few holes surfaced in the administration of mucormycosis. The more extraordinary
Mucorales recognized in the investigation warrant further assessment.
Comparative Study of Vaccine Safety Surveillance on Covid-19
Authors: Seth Akshat , Kumar Sunil , Dwivedi Surabhi , Shrivastava Anil Kumar
Published: December 2021

Vaccine among people globally preparations must be made within countries for covid-19 vaccine safety surveillance on an urgent
basis. Safety surveillance must be capable of investigating adverse event of special interest (AESI) and adverse event following
immunization to determine a change in the benefit-risk profile of the vaccine. COVID-19 vaccine is the most important tool to stem
the pandemic. WHO emergency use listing, while using regulatory pathway through national regulatory authorities. Vaccine safety
communication plan should be developed. Expending the global vaccine safety system to meet the needs of covid-19 and other
emergency and routine use vaccine is a priority currently. The protective efficacy and the short term and long-term side effect of the
vaccine are of major concern. Various strategies have been designed the covid-19 pandemic. The highly infectious corona virus disease
2019 associate with me pathogenic severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread to become a global
pandemic. The development of covid-19 vaccine is crucial for the world to return to pre-pandemic normalcy and the collective global
effort has been invested into protective against SARS-CoV2.
New Cost-Effective RP-HPLC Method Development and Validation for Quantitative Estimation of Ivacaftor in Pharmaceutical Formulation
Authors: Singh Roshani , L K Omray , Soni Pushpendra
Published: December 2021

In this article “new cost-effective RP-HPLC method development and validation for quantitative estimation of ivacaftor in the
pharmaceutical formulation” developed. This study includes RP-HPLC Spectrophotometric method development, such as economical
and simple HPLC method was optimized during development and validated accordingly in tablets of ivacaftor. The developed method
may utilize for the analysis of ivacaftor at the laboratory level. The result shows that developed methods are cost-effective, rapid
(Short retention time), simple, accurate (the value and %RSD between 2-5), precise, and can be used for the intended purpose on the
tablet dosage form. The present proposed method is capable of better separation of analyte and qualifies on the point of analytical
validation such as linearity, specificity, accuracy, precision, robustness, LOD, and LOQ on a marketed formulation. The simplicity,
rapidity, and reproducibility of the developed method qualify the objective of the research. Results of analysis of the ivacaftor tablet
formulations are arranged in the experimental, result, and discussion section. The portion of ivacaftor found in terms of quantity was between 98-102% and also within USP 29 chapter (541) acceptance criteria.
A Systematic Review on Anti-tubercular Therapy Induced Hepatotoxicity
Authors: Bahugunaa Rashi , Joshia Devesh , Joshi Yogesh
Published: December 2021

Tuberculosis is the leading cause of major morbidities and mortalities around the globe. One in every three persons suffers from
tubercular infection in their lifetime. Antitubercular therapy-induced hepatitis occurs due to toxicity from the primary compound,
metabolite, or an immunologically mediated response. Risk factors associated with hepatotoxicity are age, sex, low BMI,
hypoalbuminemia, alcohol consumption, HIV, hepatitis B, and C. There are 6 major pathways by which anti-TB drugs are involved in
hepatotoxicity including hampering of intracellular calcium homeostasis, derangement of actin fibril assembly that occurs next to the
canaliculus, the drug binds to the heme-containing cytochrome p-450 and forms enzyme-drug adduct and produces an immune
response, The enzyme- drug addict when gets incorporated to vesicle acts as antigen for the production antibodies, some drugs also
inhibit the ? oxidation and respiration and hence reduction in ATP production hence damaging cell and mitochondrial DNA, and some
directly leads to apoptosis. Isoniazid is being metabolized to acetyl-isoniazid followed by hydrolysis to acetyl hydrazine via cytochrome
P450 enzyme which produces toxic metabolites responsible for hepatotoxicity. Rifampicin activates the cytochrome enzyme and
hence stimulates the production of harmful toxic materials leading to ATT-induced hepatotoxicity. It is the duty of the he pharmacist
/ medical staff has to provide the patient with adequate education about diseases and to inform them about their therapy regarding
possible side effects and side effects. Pharmacists / medical staff must also train patients to comply with medication.
Development and Validation of Tramadol Hydrochloride in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form by Ultraviolet Spectroscopy
Authors: Chaudhary Meenu , S Nidhi
Published: December 2021

A simple, rapid, accurate, precise and economic spectrophotometric technique for estimation of tramadol hydrochloride in 0.1N HCl
have been developed. Tramadol Hydrochloride exhibit absorbance most 270nm when 0.1N HCl used as solvent proportion, so
absorbance was once measured at the identical wavelengths for the determination of Tramadol Hydrochloride obeys Beer Lambert’s
law in the concentration range of 20-180µg/ml. The present study describes development and validation of simple and economic UV
spectrophotometric method for the estimation of Tramadol Hydrochloride in bulk and injection dosage form using absorbance
maxima method. Solubility studies indicated that a Tramadol Hydrochloride shows better solubility in proposed diluents i.e., 0.1N HCl
solution the ? max of Tramadol Hydrochloride was found to be 270nm. Because of cost effective and minimal maintenance, the
present UV spectrophotometric methods can be preferred at small scale industries as compared to other reported methods.
An Overview on Herbal Cosmetics and Cosmeceuticals
Authors: Palle. Annie Jerusha , Dr. K.V. Ratnamala
Published: December 2021

Herbal cosmetics are formulated by using different cosmetic ingredients to form the base in which one or more herbal ingredients
are wont to cure various skin ailment. The name suggests that herbal cosmetics are natural and free from all the harmful synthetic
chemicals which otherwise may convince be toxic to the skin. Compared to other beauty products, natural cosmetics are safe to use.
They are hypo-allergenic and tested and proven by dermatologists to be safe to use anytime, anywhere. Cosmeceuticals are cosmeticpharmaceutical hybrid products intended to enhance the health and wonder of the skin by providing a selected result, starting from
acne-control and anti-wrinkle effects to sun protection. Cosmeceuticals have medicinal benefits which affect the biological
functioning of skin depending upon the sort of functional ingredients they contain. These are cosmetic products that aren't just used
for beautification but for different skin ailments. These products improve the functioning/texture of the skin by boosting collagen
growth by eradicating harmful effects of free radicals, maintain keratin structure in good condition, and making the skin healthier.
There are numerous herbs available naturally having different uses in cosmetic preparations for skin care, hair care, and as
antioxidants. The current review highlights the importance of herbal cosmetics, the herbs used in them, and their advantages over their synthetic counterparts.
Cytotoxic Activity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Zingiber officinale Rhizome Extracts Against Leukemia (K562) Cell Line
Authors: Pal Sayantani , Pal Tapas Kumar , Besra Shila Elizabeth
Published: December 2021

Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle was synthesized using rhizome extracts of Zingiber officinale for in-vitro anti-cancer study. The
characterization of nanoparticle was confirmed using ultraviolet spectroscopy and Fourier Transfer Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The
ZGNPE characterization also used the UV-Vis Spectrophotometer spectrum technique to measure the structural characterization of
nanoparticles by determine the absorbance measurement. Cytotoxic activity of myelogenous leukemia cells (K562) and normal
human embryonic Kidney (HEK293T) cells were performed by MTT assay. Treated with ZnO nanoparticle with Zingiber officinale
extracts (ZGNPE) showed significant inhibition on the cancer cells whereas in normal cell showed insignificant toxicity. Thus, ZGNPE
may be used as chemotherapy drug and an enormous medical application with less toxicity in future. Further mechanistic studies are in progress.
Therapy Options Received and Impact of Pharmacist-Led Interventions on Self-Care Management of Adverse Events among Cervical Cancer Patients in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Samaila Aliyu , Isah Abdulmuminu , Michael Ubaka C. , A. Biambo Aminu , Usman Nuruddeen , Adibe Maxwell O.
Published: December 2021

The available services for the treatment of premalignant and malignant cervical cancer (CC) lesions are grossly inadequate in Nigeria.
Drug-oriented self-care education programmes are lacking in our healthcare facilities. Pharmacist interventions as an expert in drug
therapy management are needed. This study assessed the therapy options received and impact of pharmacist-led interventions on
self-care management of AEs among CC patients in Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH), Sokoto, North-Western
Nigeria. The study used a prospective longitudinal design with a 12-week patient follow-up. Instrument used was an intervieweradministered questionnaire, which was developed and pre-tested for reliability. Fifty-six eligible CC patients completed the pre- and
post-interventions survey conducted over a period of eight months (From October, 2019 to May, 2020). Data analysis was done with
appropriate descriptive (frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations) and inferential statistics (Paired sample t-test,
Pearson’s Chi-square and Correlation) using SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA V. 20 for windows. P< 0.05 was considered statistically
significant. The mean age of the patients was 53.8±7.7years and 22(39.2%) have no formal education. Chemoradiation (CRT) and
chemotherapy (CT) were the major therapy options received by the 25(44.6%) and 16 (28.6%) of the patients respectively. Before the
interventions, the patients scored 57.7±18.7% and 50.8±7.1% overall mean knowledge and practice scores respectively. After the
interventions, there was significant increase in the patients’ overall mean knowledge and practice, 17.6% and 6.7%, (p<0.05) scores
respectively. There were significant association between patients’ age and total post-intervention knowledge (r=-0.614, p<0.001),
and practice, (r=-0.424, p=0.001) scores. There were significant association between the patients’ level of education and total preand post-intervention knowledge (r=0.952, p<0.001 and
Formulation and Evaluation of Nanosuspension as an Alternative Approach for Solubility Enhancement of Simvastatin
Authors: Shinde Mohini E. , Sonawane Mitesh P. , D. Maru Avish
Published: December 2021

Solubility is an essential factor for drug effectiveness. Simvastatin is poorly water-soluble drug and its bioavailability is very low.
Nanosuspension is one of those approach which can tremendously enhance the effective surface area of drug particles by reducing
the particle size and there by increases the rate of dissolution and hence improve bioavailability. The main purpose of the present
investigation was to increase the saturation solubility of simvastatin by preparation of nanosuspension. Nanosuspension of
simvastatin were prepared by nanoprecipitation method using hydroxypropyl cellulose as stabilizer and sodium lauryl sulphate as
surfactant. Prepared nanosuspension was evaluated for its particle size, total drug content, entrapment efficiency and saturation
solubility study. On the basis of the evaluation, the best batch F8 formulation demonstrated highest drug content and entrapment
efficiency with average particle size of 0.004µm. The saturation solubility studies show the solubility of the prepared nanosuspension
has increased as compared to the pure drug due to the particle size reduction. The nanosuspension of simvastatin could be
successfully prepared and can be concluded that the nanosuspension formulation is a promising approach to enhance the solubility.
The nanoprecipitation is a simple and effective method to produce nano sized particles of poorly water-soluble drugs with enhance
solubility.
A Systematic Review on Skin Whitening Product
Authors: Fiske Akanksha , Wasnik Shradha , Sabale Dr. Vidya
Published: December 2021

Skin whitening is a term used for lightening the complexion of the skin through artificial means like creams, lotions, soaps and
injections. Unfortunately, the appeal of these skin bleaching products is based on the obsession of people across the world with skin
color. Melanins are produced by specialized cells, termed melanocytes, which are located primarily in the skin, hair bulbs, and eyes.
The melanins can be of two basic types: eumelanin’s, which are brown or black, and phaeomelanin’s, which are red or yellow, in
mammals typically there are mixtures of both types Increased production and accumulation of melanins characterize number of skin
diseases, which include hyperpigmentation such as melanoma, post-inflammatory melanoderma, solar lentigo, etc. Several modalities
of treatment for these problems are available including chemical agents or physical therapies. The aim of this review article is to show
that some of the skin whitening creams, often sold illegally without a prescription may contain dangerous ingredients that could put
people health at risk
Pharmacological Potential of Anti-Inflammatory and Anti Nociceptive Activity of Bioactive Fractions from Leaves of Maytenus emarginata
Authors: Kumar Sunil , George Mathew , Joseph Lincy
Published: December 2021

The antinociceptive & anti-inflammatory activities of extract were compared to dose of Phenylbutazone. The phytochemical
secondary metabolites tested for include alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, steroids and terpenoids.
Maytenus emarginata leaves extract demonstrated significant antinociceptive and anti- inflammatory effects in a dose-dependent
manner. The extract dose at 200mg/kg bw exhibited the highest antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities & its activities were
comparable to those of the respective reference drugs. BFLME (suspended in 1% carboxy methyl cellulose) in doses of 50, 100 and
200 mg/kg caused a dose-dependent inhibition of swelling caused by carrageenin equivalent to 30.2–63.2% protection (P<0.05–
P<0.001) and in cotton pellet granuloma, 47.2–45.4% protection (P<0.01-P<0.001) was observed from inflammation. There was a
significant increase in analgesiometer force induced pain in rat equivalent to 98.1–146.5% protection (P<0.01-P<0.001) and 7.19–37.8
% (P<0.05–P<0.001) protection against Acetic acid induced writhing. Phytochemical screening of the extract indicated the presence
of alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, steroids and terpenoids. The present study therefore demonstrated
the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties of bioactive fraction of ethyl acetate extract from leaves of M. emarginata
(BFLME), hence providing a basis for further research that may result in pure compounds that can be advanced into drug discovery.
Design, Development and Evaluation of Instant Release Oral Thin Films of Flunarizine
Authors: Fatima Asfiya , Tirunagari Mamatha , Chilekampalli Divya Theja
Published: December 2021

The main objective of the present study was to prepare and evaluate the instant release oral thin films of Flunarizine, in order to
enhance the bioavailability of the drug and to provide rapid onset of action thereby improving patient compliance. The instant release
oral thin films of Flunarizine were prepared by solvent casting method using film forming polymer like Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose
E-15. The film was evaluated for various physicochemical parameters that include thickness, weight variation, folding endurance,
tensile strength, drug content and in vitro drug release studies. No differences were observed in in vitro dissolution of drug from the
formulated film F1-F9 as the film instantly gets wet by dissolution medium. The drug release for F5 formulations was about 98.1%.
The accelerated stability studies for the optimized film formulations F5 were performed that indicates that the formulated instant
release oral thin films were unaffected after initial and 3 months storage under accelerated conditions.
A Study on Adverse Drug Reactions in a Tertiary Care Hospital of South India
Authors: Shaji Sherin , Lingaiah Mahadevamma , Ramesh Swathi , Kovattu Amal Balakrishnakurup
Published: December 2021

Medication-related adverse events or adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are harmful events caused by medication. ADRs could have
profound effects on the patients’ quality of life, as well as creating an increased burden on the healthcare system. ADRs are one of
the rising causes of morbidity and mortality internationally, and will continue to be a significant public health issue with the increased
complexity in medication, to treat various diseases in an aging society. This was a prospective and observational study conducted in
medicine department of sagar hospital, Bengaluru. Patients were enrolled based on the criteria with a suitable statistical tool. Among
64 patients, 33 (51.6%) female and 33 (48.44%) were males found. ADRs were more in the age group of 41 – 60, 32 (50%), less in the
age group is 0 – 20, 04 (6.25%). Significantly higher numbers of ADRs caused by the antibiotics 25 (39%) followed by antihyperlipidicmic and anti-arrythmic 01 (1.56%), Most of the ADRs were moderate 40 (62.5%) and sever 01 (1.56%) in nature. Most
commonly affected organ is dermatological system 32 (50%). Majority of the ADRs were associated with antibiotics. Commonly skin
related ADRs was found in this study. The results provided an insight to the Health care Providers on the importance of monitoring
and reporting of ADRs. Our study results emphasize a need for establishing a pharmacovigilance centre to ensure the safe use of
drugs.
Apoptosis Inducing Activity of Diospyros melanoxylon Bark Extract on Molt-3 Cell Line via Activation of Mitochondrial Membrane Caspase Cascade and Cell Cycle Arrest with its Antioxidant Potential
Authors: Deb Nilanjana , Jha Tarun , Swarnakar Snehasikta , Besra Shila Elizabeth
Published: December 2021

The present work aimed to investigate the apoptosis activity of Diospyros melanoxylon of bark extract (DMBE) on Molt-3 human
acute T lymphoblastic leukemia cell line & RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cell lysate respectively. Cell growth inhibition was observed
by using MTT assay. DMBE significantly decreased cell count and caused apoptosis, as confirmed by light, fluorescence, confocal
microscopy and by flow-cytometric analysis using Annexin-V FITC and propidium iodide (PI). MOLT-3 cells showed DMBE induced cell
cycle arrest, and apoptosis was mediated through mitochondrial intrinsic pathway involving the release of cytochrome c into the
cytosol and activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3. DMBE induced changes in cellular ROS production upon stimulation with DCFDA.
HUMAN IDENTIFICATION BASED ON FOOT IMAGE RECOGNITION USING CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK
Authors: Hameed Mustafa Shiwaish
Published: December 2021

A human footprint is a human biometric system. Each of them has specific footprints. It can be used instead of password authentication in security systems such as user authentication for financial transactions. The password-based system cannot verify that the person entering the password is valid. Therefore, a biometric system is more secure than a password-based system. In this seminar, a new identification system using CNN was presented. In addition, a new foot image data set was created by collecting foot images from 150 people. The presented proposed method presented 100% accuracy when compared with previous studies.
Use of Picture Information Measure using Color Features for Image Retrieval in CBIR
Authors: Ali Roohi , Maheshwari Manish
Published: December 2021

Content-Based Image Retrieval systems backups the image retrieval process using the primary characteristics of image like colour, shape, texture and spatial locations clubbed with the semantic approaches for better efficiency and performance. Various information measures have been proposed in order to increase the level of Retrieval. A method of picture information measures based upon the concept of the minimum number of gray level changes to convert a picture into one with a desired histogram is presented. In search of finding a new perspective an integrated approach of Picture Information Measure (PIM) employed with the primitive visual feature color. The retrieval results obtained by applying color histogram (CH) on PIM (PIM of Red Green and Blue and there integrated variation) + Color Moment to a 1000 image database demonstrated significant improvement in retrieval effectively.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA LEITURA E ESCRITA NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DO ALUNO CENTRO ESTADUAL DE TEMPO INTEGRAL PAULISTANA
Authors: Teixeira Marques Flávia , Silva Azevedo Mont’Alverne Clara Roseane da
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo tem como tema: A importância da leitura e escrita no desenvolvimento do aluno. Trata-se sobre o processo da prática da leitura e escrita dos estudantes do 3º ano do ensino médio, importante processo de análise frente a avaliação do ENEM, que apresentam um déficit na prática da escrita dos estudantes do ensino médio, e uma das causas de evasão. Nesse sentido analisar a contribuição dos fatores de textualidades para os estudantes do 3º ano do ensino médio, desvelou a concepção desses estudantes sobre a importância do domínio das competências para responder as questões interpretativas do ENEM, além do relato das orientações teórico-metodológicas apresentadas nos documentos oficiais Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais contidas nos textos dos estudantes avaliando a frequência  das produções textuais em sala de aula e as contribuições dessas produções para o desenvolvimento do estudante do 3.º ano do Ensino Médio. A pesquisa aponta que o Professor de Língua Portuguesa do 3º ano do ensino médio do CETI-Paulistana realiza atividades diversificadas para que os alunos produzam textos com coesão e coerência despertando as competências cognitivas necessárias à produção textual o que os possibilita responder as questões interpretativas do ENEM com segurança. O que contribui para o desenvolvimento do aluno do 3º ano do Ensino Médio.
MOTIVOS RELACIONADOS AO ATRASO DO ESQUEMA VACINAL EM CRIANÇAS DO MUNICÍPIO DE CANOAS/RS
Authors: Machado Garcia Caroline , Hantt Corrêa  Lima Jonas , Beatris Kochhann Sheila , Pellegrin Eduarda de , Klering Barros Bruna , Oliveira do Amaral Luciana , Isabel Morgan Martins Maria , Vieira Silva Douglas , Leticia Martinelli Flavia , Renita Burg Maria
Published: December 2021

Introdução: A vacinação é um meio seguro de prevenção de doenças imunopreveníveis e têm um baixo custo em comparação ao tratamento destas doenças. Tem se registrado anualmente milhões de óbitos infantis no mundo em decorrência de doenças passíveis de prevenção. Com base nisso, conhecer os motivos do atraso no esquema vacinal da criança é necessário. Objetivo: Descrever a percepção dos profissionais técnicos de enfermagem, das salas de vacinas, em relação as falas dos pais/responsáveis a respeito do atraso no esquema vacinal da criança. Método: Trata-se de pesquisa quantitativa e descritiva. A coleta de dados foi realizada com os 129 técnicos de enfermagem, da rede básica de saúde de Canoas, durante a Capacitação em Sala de Vacinas, promovida pelo PET-Saúde Interprofissional, nas dependências da ULBRA/Canoas, em outubro de 2019. O instrumento usado trouxe dados de identificação e, uma questão norteadora: Quais foram as justificativas dos pais ou responsáveis, na sala de vacinas, em relação ao atraso vacinal da criança? A questão aberta foi respondida em grupo de 3 a 4 profissionais. Resultados: Foram obtidas 256 respostas, dentre os motivos mais relevantes está: o adoecimento e hospitalização da criança; o responsável trabalha e não tem como levar a criança até a unidade; esqueceu-se de olhar a data aprazada e a perda da carteira de vacinação. Conclusão: Levando em consideração que a criança é um ser dependente, os pais e responsáveis tem papel fundamental no cuidado à saúde de seus filhos, bem como, a responsabilidade diante do adoecimento.
COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING APPROACHES: CHARACTERISTICS, DIFFERENCES AND IMPACT ON CHILD DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Ferreira de Almeida Ana Paula , Campos de Oliveira Ana Thais , De Sousa Silva Fernanda Tayla , Barreto Amaral Sheyla Maria , Sousa da Silva Felipe , Yngrydh Valente Silva Ysabele , Silva Moura Miranda Everlândia , Rocha Santos Joene Vitória , Evaristo Miranda Kelvi Wilson
Published: December 2021

O termo alimentação complementar refere-se à introdução dos primeiros alimentos sólidos na dieta da criança após os seis meses de idade. A introdução dos alimentos envolve as abordagens Tradicional, Responsiva, Desmame Conduzido por Bebê (BLW), Introdução aos Sólidos Conduzida por Bebê (BLISS) e Participativa. Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar as principais características e diferenças das abordagens de alimentação complementar na literatura científica, e apresentar um infográfico de montagem de alimentos e suas diferentes texturas. Este estudo é uma revisão narrativa da literatura, desenvolvida a partir da busca de artigos no PubMed, periódicos CAPES e bases de dados eletrônicas Google Acadêmico. Os materiais científicos foram selecionados após a leitura dos títulos e resumos, especificando as referências dos pesquisadores e checando brevemente os textos. Após a análise, foi possível distinguir as principais características de cada abordagem de alimentação complementar e identificar o baixo volume científico para BLW e BLISS quanto aos benefícios e distinções entre as abordagens.