bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spinal Tuberculosis – Directly Observed Treatment and Short Course or Daily Anti Tubercular Therapy -Are We Over Treating?
Authors: Banga Ravinder Kumar , Singh Jagdeep , Dahuja Anshul , Garg Radhe Shyam
Published: October 2018

Study Design:

Prospective randomised control trial.

Purpose:

To compare the effectiveness of Directly Observed Treatment and Short Course (DOTS) and Daily Anti Tubercular Therapy (ATT) in spinal tuberculosis with no neurological deficit.

Overview of Literature:

Spinal tuberculosis is rampant in India with a major cause of morbidity and mortality. There is a lot of conflict regarding management with anti tubercular drugs, the regimen to be followed and the duration the drugs needed for complete cure.

Material and Methods:

This prospective study was conducted during the period of 2006 to 2009. Thirty cases of spinal tuberculosis were randomly divided equally into two groups of fifteen each and treated with DOTS and Daily ATT and compared at the end of follow up on clinical, radiological and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate values (ESR).

Results:

Pain score on Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) exhibits that mean pain score was 5.93+_1.54 at start and 0.64+_1.01 at the end of follow up with 89.39% change with DOTS therapy whereas mean pain score was 7.08 +_1.61at start of therapy and 0.69+_0.95 at end of follow up with 91.73% change in patients treated with Daily ATT with p value >0.05 (not significant). The radiological recovery in patients with DOTS and Daily ATT have similar results after 1.5 years with p value > 0.05 showing that the radiological recovery by both treatment modalities are comparable. Mean change in ESR scores in DOTS therapy patients and patients on daily ATT were 74.57+_9.34% and 75.69+_9.38% change with p value >0.05 which was not significant.

Conclusion:

DOTS therapy is an effective means of management of spinal tuberculosis cases with no neurological involvement, however its efficacy in patients with neurological deficit is further to be evaluated.
Virulent Acne Biofilms Offer Insight into Novel Therapeutic Options
Authors: Gowda Asha , Burkhart Craig G.
Published: October 2018

Acne vulgaris is a disease of the pilosebaceous unit that may manifest as either noninflammatory or inflammatory skin lesions. The microcomedone theory suggests that the first step in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris is the noninflammatory comedone. The comedone is a collection of keratin and sebum that is trapped within the pilosebaceous unit due to hyperproliferation of keratinocytes in the follicular lining. The biofilm produced byP. acnesbacteria promotes the formation of a comedone by acting as a biological glue that prevents expulsion of the hyperkeratotic plug. In addition to its adhesive properties, the biofilm has virulence factors contributing to the pathogenicity ofP. acnesin acne vulgaris. With further investigation and a better understanding of theP. acnesbiofilm, new therapeutic options for acne vulgaris can be made available. By targeting theP. acnesbiofilm, treatment can be made more effective and precise, without the concern of side effects seen in currently available acne medications.
Innovations and Computer-based Support: Illustrated by Five Cases
Authors: Lorange Peter
Published: October 2018

Introduction:

This article discusses four alternative transportation links between China and Europe – the classical sea route through the Suez Canal, the N.S.E. (Artic) train passage through Russia, and ship and train via Genova – in terms of transportation costs, time spent, and reliability.

Conclusion:

It is concluded that the classical sea-route via Suez is likely to remain the preferred one for most shippers for a long time, when it comes to its relatively low cost, as well as increasingly improved time feature.
Isolation, Culture and Characterization of Cancer Stem Cells from Primary Osteosarcoma
Authors: Kamal Achmad Fauzi , Pranatha Deded Yudha , Sugito Waluyo , Rahman Faisal , Susanto Eka , Mariya Silmi , Chen Wei Ming
Published: October 2018

Background:

Osteosarcoma cancer stem cells (CSCs) are defined as a subpopulation of osteosarcoma cells, which have the ability of self-renewal, proliferation and differentiation. This study aimed to identify CSCs from human osteosarcomain vitro.

Methods:

Osteosarcoma CSCs were isolated and cultured with sphere-forming assay technique on an ultra-low well attachment surface plate. After sarcosphere colonies were formed, we conducted reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to detect the expression of genes of embryonic stem cells such asNANOG, Oct3/4, STAT3 and gene of MSC CD133. Immunofluorescence analysis (IFA) of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin, and CD 133 was also performed to see the expression of osteosarcoma CSC surface protein with immuno-enzymatic staining principle. We also performed alizarin red staining to evaluate calcification in osteosarcoma CSCs.

Results:

The culture sphere-of the osteosarcoma cells showed three dimension round shaped colonies (sarcospheres) in slightly hypoxicand serum free condition which was not attached to the substrate with tight density. RT-PCR demonstrated that sarcospheres expressed genes which encodeNANOG, Oct3/4 STAT 3, but not for CD 133. IFA showed positive protein expression of ALP, osteocalcin and CD 133 which was moderate, strong, and weak positive respectively. Sarcospheres also had a positive reaction toward alizarin red staining.

Conclusion:

Osteosarcoma CSCs could be isolated from human osteosarcoma by sphere-forming assay technique and characterized by the expression of genes of embryonic stem cells,such asNANOG, Oct3/4, STAT3 and IFA of ALP, osteocalcin, and CD 133.
Facile Synthesis of ZnO Nanofoam on ZnO Nanowire for Hydrogen Gas Detection
Authors: Chowdhury Paromita , Roy Sunipa , Banerjee Nabaneeta , Dutta Kuheli , Gangopadhaya Utpal , Biswas Utpal
Published: October 2018

Background:

ZnO nanofoam cluster was deposited on ZnO nanowires using SiO2/Si substrate.
Nanocrystalline ZnO nanofoam cluster was grown on Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) grown ZnO nanowires
by consecutive immersion (50 times) of the sample into Sodium Zincate (Na2ZnO2) bath (0.125M)
kept at room temperature and into the de-ionized (DI) water maintained at 80oC.

Methods:

Sodium Zincate was prepared by reacting Zinc Sulphate (ZnSO4) and excess Sodium Hydroxide
(NaOH) in aqueous solution. By simple Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) technique ZnO nanowires of
length of 1-1.5 µm with diameter 2-3 nm were deposited on SiO2 coated <100> p-Si substrate. The ZnO
nanofoam cluster area was found to be ~(0.5 x 0.5) µm2. After structural and morphological characterizations
by FESEM, EDX and AFM, the sensor was tested for three different H2 concentrations (0.1, 0.5 and 1%)
taking N2 as carrier gas at four different operating temperatures (50ºC, 75ºC, 100ºC and 125ºC).

Results:

The sensor offered ~98% response magnitude at very low operating temperature 100ºC at 1000 ppm
H2 gas with very fast response time (16 sec) and recovery time (52 sec). The unique structure of nanofoam
covers multidimensional area having more molecular surface interactions thus permitting better response in
gas sensing. The I-V characteristics was studied to indicate ohmic nature of the silver contacts for four operating
temperatures with 1% hydrogen in N2 and it was also observed that amplitude of current is higher with
the presence of H2.

Conclusion:

Finally the stability study of the H2 sensor was also done in presence of carrier gas (N2) over a
span of 24 hours (6 hr daily).
Development of Novel ICH Compliant Method for Estimation of Ethanol Content in Traditionally Fermented Ayurvedic Formulations
Authors: Maithani Mukesh , Gupta Vikas , Bansal Parveen , Singh Harpreet , Raturi Richa
Published: October 2018

Background:

Due to lack of stringent regulations and standards from regulatory authorities, Ayurvedic formulations available in the market are not properly standardized and assessed for their quality. Asava and arishta are very important fermented and commonly used dosage forms of Ayurveda. Information on the quantitative parameters of the ayurvedic fermented preparations is very poor. These formulations contain naturally selfgenerated alcohol that acts as the medium for extraction of active ingredients of the herbs. Hence alcohol content becomes a point of concern as well as an important parameter for standardization of the asava and arishta and it becomes important for manufacturers to mention alcohol content on the label. In addition, as per ASU GMP guidelines, it is mandatory to assess the accurate ethanol content to ensure the quality of the product. However manufacturers used to escape to comply with the guidelines because of complexity, cost and time consuming available methods. Hence there was a need to develop a novel method.

Objective:

This study is intended to develop a simple, efficient, less time consuming, economic and accurate gas chromatography method and estimate the ethanol content in marketed ayurvedic formulations of asava and arishta.

Methods:

The GC system (Nucon 5700 Gas Chromatograph) fitted with flame ionization detector was used in the present study. A capillary packed column (2m length and 3.170mm diameter) with stationary phase made up of WHP having 0.14mm in mesh size with nitrogen carrier gas was, used and the data were acquired through Winchrom software.

Results and Conclusion:

The retention time for ethanol was found to be 1.53min. The correlation coefficient (r2) of ethanol was found to be 0.9990. The ethanol content obtained by the proposed method was found to be between 3.05% and 11.53%.

Conclusion:

The study presents a simple and validated gas chromatographic method for estimation of ethanol content in herbal formulations. The developed method was found to be specific, accurate, precise and rugged. The method has been successfully applied for the analysis of marketed ayurvedic formulations.
Increased Nociception Following Administration of Different Doses of Tranexamic Acid in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Surgery
Authors: Saleh Ashraf Nabil , Mostafa Raham Hasan
Published: October 2018

Background:

The inhibitory effect of Tranexamic Acid (TXA) on γ-aminobutyric acid and glycine receptors of spinal dorsal horn neurons which leads to pain arousal, has been highlighted recently in animal studies. Such findings would elicit concerns about adverse effects of TXA as a routine agent used to reduce perioperative blood loss.

Objectives:

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different doses of TXA on analgesic requirements in adolescent patients undergoing elective single-stage posterior spine fusion surgery for idiopathic scoliosis.

Patients and Methods:

This prospective, randomized, double-blinded study comprised 75 patients who were randomly allocated to one of three groups. Each group comprised 25 patients. In group C (Control), patients received normal saline. While in group HD (High Dose), patients received TXA with a loading dose of 50 mg/kg and maintenance dose of 20 mg/kg/h and patients in group LD (Low Dose) received TXA with a loading dose of 10 mg/kg and maintenance dose of 1 mg/kg/h. The total intraoperative fentanyl dose was calculated for each patient which we used as a measure of the patients’ nociception level.

Results:

Group HD patients’ required the highest dose of fentanyl compared to those in LD group (mean of 60µgversus27µg). Patients in group C received no extra intraoperative narcotic doses and experienced the longest duration of surgical procedure. These results showed high statistically significant difference (p< 0.001).

Conclusion:

Intraoperative administration of TXA increases the analgesic requirement during elective single stage posterior spine fusion surgery which likely reflects an increase in patients’ intraoperative nociception.
Memeriksa Striae Gravidarum untuk Memperkirakan Laserasi Perineum
Authors: Khrisnamurti Sinta , Nurdiati Detty Siti , Setiyarini Wahyu Ikka
Published: October 2018

Background: Striae gravidarum is a common phenomenon that occurs in pregnant women and a marker of decrease in skin elasticity. Poor elasticity of the perineum can result perineal laceration in vaginal childbirth. This study was to determine the relationship of striae gravidarum perinenum with the occurrence lacerations in normal labor, and the factors that most influence the occurrence of mild and severe perineal lacerations.Method: Used a cross sectional design, with a sample of 188 respondents. Assessment striae gravidarum using Atwal et al (2006) which has been modified, assessment of perineal lacerations used RCOG (2006). Data collection was done during the months of April to July 2015 in the maternity room Panembahan Senopati Bantul Hospital.Results: Factors that influence the occurrence of mild laceration were striae gravidarum moderate-severe (RP 1,230: CI 95% 1,23053-1,23066), primiparous (RP 1,2675: CI 95% 1,13709-1,41298). Factors that influence the occurrence of severe laceration were striae gravidarum moderate-severe (RP 1,676: CI 95% 1,246-2,255), primiparous (RP 1,117: CI 95% 1,1172-1,1175), the lithotomy position (RP 1,012: CI 95% 1,011-1,0629).Conclusion: Striae gravidarum is factor that influence the occurance of perineal laceration. Checking of striae gravidarum can be to estimate the severity of perineal laceration, the more scores striae gravidarum more severe perineal laceration that may be experienced by childbirth mothers. Keywords: striae gravidarum; perineal laceration; childbirth
ANTHROPOMETRIC AND MOTOR CHARACTERISTICS OF YOUNG HANDBALL PLAYERS FOR THE PURPOSE OF EARLY SELECTION
Authors: Grujić Slađana , Perić Dušan , Ahmetović Zlatko , Okičić Tomislav , Isaković Marko
Published: October 2018

This paper deals with recognizing the indicators significant for early selection in handball. The sample consisted of 311 selected young players (175 males and 136 females), of the ages of between 12 and 16, who had trained handball for a minimum of 3 years. They have been tested by assemblies of young representative selections of the Handball Federation of Vojvodina. Three anthropometric variables were applied (Mass, Height, BMI), 8 tests of the Eurofit battery for the evaluation of motor abilities, and 3 tests with a ball that contained basic technical elements of handball. A factorial analysis for both genders was conducted individually, in order to establish model characteristics of young handball male and female athletes. For the subsample of girls, where three qualitatively different groups existed (the national, regional and club level), a canonical analysis was also conducted. Both subsamples resulted in a bi-component structure. With boys, the first component was formed from general motor skills, and the second from physical dimensionality. With girls, both components were similarly saturated, but they had reversed hierarchy (the first factor was formed from anthropometric, and the second from motor skills variables). A boy and a girl that are distinguished from their peers by a higher physical strength and larger physical constitution were used as the typical model of beginner handball players. In the sub-sample of girls, two canonical factors were gained, but neither was significantly discriminable. The Eurofit battery of tests did not prove to be discriminatory enough in the selection of young handball players.
EFFECTS OF THE FITT PROGRAM ON PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND HEALTH-RELATED FITNESS IN PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN
Authors: Cvejic Dragan , Ostojić Sergej
Published: October 2018

Evaluation of the effects of an eight-week innovative FITT program of Physical Education to Physical Activity (PA) and health-related fitness (HRF). In the experimental group (N=92), with FITT guidelines, the students have been “introduced” to the development of the HRF zone. There have been 16 classes for the development of the aerobic fitness and 8 classes for the development of muscular fitness. Flexibility has been developed in the final parts of each class. The csontrol group (N=86) attended traditional classes of the same volume. Before and after the intervention, the HRF components evaluation was performed with the battery of FITNESSGRAM tests and the PA by the pedometer OMRON HJ-320. Both groups showed a significant increase in the maximum consumption of oxygen and the number of depleted shares (PACER laps), with the simultaneous decrease in the PA level. The FITT program significantly contributed to the improvement of aerobic fitness, muscular fitness and partially flexibility. There was no difference between the group in the body composition and the PA level. FITT intervention is a promising school strategy for improving the aerobic and muscular fitness of students.
PROGRAMMED PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHING AND ITS EFFECTS ON STUDENTS’ MOTOR SKILLS
Authors: Zrnzević Nevenka , Zrnzević Jovana
Published: October 2018

Nowadays the research of motor skills points to the lack of efficiency of teaching physical education and its effects on the development of motor skills, especially among students of an early school age. The aim of this research was to determine the effects of the applied experimental and current programme of physical education on the motor skills of the first-grade primary school students. The experimental program was carried out on a sample of 185 primary school students (106 students in the experimental group and 79 students in the control group). To determine the effects of the experimental programme a multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) and univariate analysis of covariance (ANOVA) were applied. Both programmes have effects on the changes of motor skills of students, but the effects of the experimental programme were significantly higher (p = .000). The best effects were achieved in the development of repetitive and explosive strength and segmental velocity among the students of the experimental group. The purpose of the research is reflected in increasing the level of scientific information on the motor skills of students. It can help teachers to plan, program, implement and control the teaching process more rationally and optimally.
THE SPORTS INDUSTRY AND ACHIEVING TOP SPORTS RESULTS
Authors: Savić Zvezdan , Ranđelović Nebojša , Stojanović Nikola , Stanković Veroljub , Šiljak Violeta
Published: October 2018

Sport represents a domain where various functions and effects can be manifested. The sports industry today is characterized by modern technology, especially in the sphere of manufacturing sports props and equipment, which significantly helps its development and progress. The sports industry today exists within the social-economic achievements and power of a society. In essence, it should adapt to the new living conditions, work conditions and the conditions in which business is being conducted. Today, it is necessary to invest more in the offer of the sports industry (athletes, results, equipment, equipment, facilities, diagnostics ...), in order to be more efficient in the form of the final product on the market. The industry must adapt to the conditions of the world market (supply and demand). That is why it is sometimes necessary to also expand the range of constituents in order to win a medal – achieve a top sports result. This article will analyze the phenomenon of the modern sports industry as a business model, its production and the realization of the necessary conditions for achieving top sports results and winning medals at big competitions. Naturally, without unity between numerous external and internal factors no top sports results can be achieved. The authors also deal with an analysis of the factors of the sports industry.
DIFFERENCES IN MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF VERTICAL JUMP BETWEEN ATHLETES IN SPORTS GAMES
Authors: Đokić Milan , Radenković Marko , Stanković Ratko
Published: October 2018

Vertical jump is one of the most common ways to evaluate the explosive power of lower extremities in athletes. For the development of explosive power, plyometric exercises are mostly used as a form of training. Participants were handball players (N=13), volleyball players (N=13) and basketball players (N=13) from city of Nis. They all competed in the highest state competition. After analyze all data conclusions are that the mechanical characteristics estimated by the accelerometer are statistically not significantly different in the examined athletes' groups except in the jump height and the kinematic characteristics of the vertical jump obtained by the video analysis statistically do not differ significantly, except in the variations of the angular velocity in the hip joint in the ankle.
THE IMPACT OF 4-WEEK AEROBIC TRAINING ON THE AEROBIC STATUS OF TOP-LEVEL JUDOKAS
Authors: Milošević Milenko , Nemec Predrag , Nemec Vesna , Milošević Miloš
Published: October 2018

The aim of this paper is to use a training methodology that we believe to be a powerful incentive for cardiovascular and metabolic adaptation via individually programmed aerobic running directly through the consumption of oxygen. The experiment was carried out on a top judo team of 9 competitors in a 4-week training period. The distribution of training loads ranged between the anaerobic threshold and maximum oxygen consumption. In four weeks of training, the judokas significantly improved their results for maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) from 2% to 15%, maximum relative oxygen consumption (VO2rel) from 2% to 16%, the Cooper test (K) from 2% to 15% and the speed at which the maximum amount of oxygen (vVO2max) is expended, from 2% to 15%. The judokas started from 64% to 83% of their genetic capacity in maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), from 64% to 83% in maximum relative oxygen consumption (VO2rel) and 70% to 85% of the capacity at which they consumed the maximum amount of oxygen (vVO2max). After 4 weeks of training, 72% to 91% of the genetic capacity of maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) ranged from 74% to 92% of the maximum relative oxygen consumption (VO2rel) and from 78% to 93% of the genetically projected capacity at the maximum amount of oxygen rate (vVO2max). In order to achieve these results, the judokas had to expend 943.80 to 1887.71 liters of oxygen ((∑VO2) to cross a distance ((∑ DT) from 67523.0 m to 102386.0 m and consume from 4719 to 9438.55 kilocalories ((∑ kcal).
RESEARCH RESULTS FOR GOAL ORIENTATION OF YOUNG KARATEKAS OF VARIOUS COMPETITIVE ORIENTATION
Authors: Kahrović Izet , Bratić Milovan , Nurkić Mirsad , Jovanović Srećko , Radenković Oliver , Murić Benin
Published: October 2018

Since competitions in karate take place within bouts and katas, the subject matter of this study are the psychological characteristics which contribute to this differentiation. The goal of the research is to determine the predictive values of psychological characteristics in the competitive selection of karatekas. In relation to the subject matter and goals of the research, as well as studies carried out so far, a hypothesis has been formulated: significant differences exist in goal orientation between karatekas of various competitive orientation. The study included 79 karatekas, 12 to 14 years old, 37 of whom are competitors in bouts, 23 of whom practice katas, and 19 respondents who take part in both disciplines. In order to evaluate the motivational orientation, we used the Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire (TEOSQ), designed by Duda & Nicholls. Even though the overall results did not confirm the initial hypothesis that the respondents of various competitive orientation should differ in their motivational climate of goal orientation, they to a large extent can be of significant help in the proper selection of young competitors in karate.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AGE AND DIVISIONAL RANK IN PROFESSIONAL MIXED MARTIAL ARTS
Authors: Kirk Christopher
Published: October 2018

Physiological changes brought about by a person’s aging process are known to negatively affect elite sports performance, but this may be delayed by skill mastery brought about by continued training.  The intersection of these two separate processes causes a potential ‘peak performance window’ in many sports.  Within MMA it has been shown that older competitors are more likely to lose individual bouts, especially due to strikes, and when they win it is most likely to be due to a decision.  It has not been determined whether age has a long-term effect on success in MMA.  This study divided the top 100 competitors in each MMA weight division into 5 ranking groups (RG) and used Bayesian ANOVA (BF10), 95% credible interval plots and Bayesian Kendall’s Tau (BF10) to determine if competitor rankings are affected by their age, and if each division displays a different age profile.  The results found that whilst there is a general pattern of older participants being ranked higher, middleweight was the only division where this was statistically relevant.  It was found, however, that the heavier the mass limit of the division, the older the participants are across each RG.  These results suggest that skill mastery may be of more short-term importance to successful performance in MMA than physiological ability, particularly in the heavier divisions, but physiological decrements effect lighter competitors earlier in their chronological age.  This is potentially due to differing performance requirements between the different divisions.
Comparación didáctica entre arquitectura y moda: experiencias docentes innovadoras y espacios asociados
Authors: Campos Pablo , Luceño Laura
Published: October 2018

La innovación docente en la universidad afecta a estrategias educativas, lo que debe asimismo traducirse al diseño e implementación de lugares construidos que la potencien. Arquitectura y moda son áreas de conocimiento comparables, pues han compartido históricamente fundamentos teóricos, modalidades formativas y espacios. Por la alta componente creativa de ambas disciplinas, el presente artículo estudia la optimización de sus procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje, acompañándolos de los necesarios “espacios didácticos”. Como ilustraciones, se recogen unas experiencias llevadas a cabo recientemente, donde se han puesto en práctica estrategias pedagógicas que, orientadas a la innovación, han tratado de vincular arquitectura y moda con otras artes.
Cultura, identidad e imagen organizacional: desarrollo de una metodología para su estudio en la Universidad
Authors: Pujol-Cols Lucas J. , Foutel Mariana
Published: October 2018

La cultura, la identidad y la imagen organizacional constituyen tres partes interrelacionadas de un mismo sistema de construcción de significado que define a la organización en sus elementos más constitutivos. Los componentes de esta tríada conceptual constituyen variables críticas para la gestión universitaria al condicionar fuertemente los procesos involucrados en la adopción de decisiones estratégicas, tácticas y operativas. Con sustento en una revisión bibliográfica y en la experiencia adquirida por los autores a través de sus años de estudio del sistema universitario argentino, en este artículo se propone una metodología para el estudio de la cultura, la identidad y la imagen organizacional en una organización universitaria, proporcionando guías útiles tanto para investigadores interesados en el objeto de estudio como para actores involucrados en la gestión.
Exámenes, certámenes y distribución de premios en la ciudad de México y en Veracruz durante los dos primeros tercios del siglo XIX
Authors: Martínez-Carmona Pablo
Published: October 2018

El artículo da cuenta de las trasformaciones de tres ceremonias escolares, exámenes privados, certámenes públicos y la “solemne distribución de premios”, en la educación superior y en la instrucción primaria del siglo XIX. Estudia cuatro periodos que corren desde finales de la época virreinal hasta la República restaurada, en los espacios geográficos de la ciudad de México y Veracruz. La perspectiva de análisis, para estudiar la reglamentación, la inclusión de diversos sectores educativos y el surgimiento de notas para calificar el aprovechamiento, combina la escolarización y el ritual público. Demuestra que esas ceremonias fueron eficaces en la consolidación del proceso de escolarización decimonónica, en aspectos centrales como el control de los profesores, la cooperación de los padres de familia, la inclusión de sectores marginados, la configuración de mecanismos para calificar el aprovechamiento escolar y la transición del predominio de la oralidad en la educación al examen escrito.
Reseña del libro Modernización de la educación superior en Europa: acceso, permanencia y empleabilidad, Informe Eurydice
Authors: Hernández-Prados María de los Ángeles
Published: October 2018

La lectura del Informe Eurydice, que compara la situación de la educación superior en todos los países de la Unión Europea, es una tarea inaplazable, aunque se recomienda previamente la lectura del informe elaborado en 2011, centrado en la financiación y la dimensión social de la educación superior, ya que este libro es continuación del anterior.
Teachers' Emotional Intelligence and Self-efficacy: Mediating Role Of Teaching Performance
Authors: Wu Yingying , Lian Kunyu , Hong Peiqiong , Liu Shifan , Lin Rong-Mao , Lian Rong
Published: October 2018

We investigated the relationship between teachers' emotional intelligence (EI) and self-efficacy, and tested whether this relationship was mediated by teaching performance. Participants were 467 Chinese middle school teachers (312 women; 66.8%). They completed 3 questionnaires relating
to EI, self-efficacy, and teaching performance. The results showed that the total effect of EI on self-efficacy was .61, indicating that higher EI is positively correlated with a higher level of self-efficacy. This relationship was partially mediated by teaching performance. In the mediating
model for teaching performance, the direct effect of EI on teachers' self-efficacy was .23 and the mediating effect of teaching performance on the relationship between EI and teachers' self-efficacy was .45. In addition, both the direct and mediating effects were invariant across gender and
teaching experience. These results indicate that an increase in EI largely enhances teachers' self-efficacy only when emotional skills are successfully used to improve teachers' performance.
NTERPRETATION OF RUBA‘IAT: ACQUAINTANCE WITH THE PHILOSOPHY OF ‘ABD AL-RAHMAN AL-JAMI
Authors: Lukashev A. A.
Published: October 2018

‘Abd al-Rahman Jami is known mostly as a poet. Nevertheless, his contribution to Islamic philosophy is also considerable. He was a follower of Ibn Arabi — the founder of the philosophical tasawwuf, whose works were very inﬂ uential in the classic Iranian thought. The philosophy of Jami was outlined in a number of his works, among them are the commentary to the “Fusus al-Hikam” by Ibn Arabi and a short treaty “The commentary to the ruba‘yat” that contains 49 ruba‘i by Jami with his own commentary. This is one of his most important works, explaining the matter of wahdat al-wujud. This article gives an excursus to this treaty, making an accent at the Jami’s interpretation of the necessary being at the context of his epoch of thought. We try to show, that his philosophy, on one hand, deals very much with the works by Ibn Arabi and Suhrawardy, inherits their concepts and problems, so it cannot be properly understood apart from their works. On the other hand, Jami has his own point of view to the philosophy concepts of his teachers. For instance, he gives us a typology of beings, that includes three stages. The ﬁ rst, the lowest one is the stage of a beings whose being is diff erent to their selfness (dhat). They are the things, that surround us every day and passively accept being from an external source. The second one is the being whose selfness is diff erent to its being, but its reality (haqiqa) cannot be seen apart from it. It’s an active matter (the mentioned “source”), that gives being to the beings of the ﬁ rst stage. And the third stage is the simple being, the same to the God’s selfness, that unites the ﬁ rst and the second stages.
‘ALI ‘ABD AL-RAZIQ AS A FATHER OF ISLAMIC SECULARISM
Authors:  Efremova N. V.
Published: October 2018

The article deals with the work of one of the most outstanding representative of modern Muslim reformation but still has not been thoroughly studied in our country, Egyptian sheikh Ali Abdarraziq (1888-1966), the author of a famous book “Islam and the Foundations of Political Power” (1925). He was the ﬁ rst Muslim theologian who evoked the idea of desacralization of caliphate and argumented the statement that Divine Law, in its essence, has nothing to do with the organization of political power.

In the ﬁrst part the personality of Ali Abdarraziq is presented in the historical context, with a focus on a pressing struggle for the restauration of Caliphate abolishedin 1924 due to Kemalist reforms. Against this restauration, namely, Abdarraziq directed his book. Here is analyzed the sharp discussion raised by the book in wide circles of Egyptian society, its critics and court trial organized by the ulemas of al-Azhar.

The work of Abdarraziq is to become the most disputable since the times of book-printing in the Arab countries. It inﬂ uenced greatly the following Muslim thought and till now acts a so-called guiding star for the modernists-secularists in all the Islamic world.
Identifying Opportunities to Improve Intimate Partner Violence Screening in a Primary Care System
Authors: Sharples Laurel , Nguyen Cathina , Singh Baldeep , Lin Steven
Published: October 2018

Background and Objectives: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a silent epidemic affecting one in three women. The US Preventive Services Task Force recommends routine IPV screening for women of childbearing age, but actual rates of screening in primary care settings are low. Our objectives were to determine how often IPV screening was being done in our system and whether screening initiated by medical assistants or physicians resulted in more screens.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review to investigate IPV screening practices in five primary care clinics within a university-based network in Northern California. We reviewed 100 charts from each clinic for a total of 500 charts. Each chart was reviewed to determine if an IPV screen was documented, and if so, whether it was done by the medical assistant or the physician.
Results: The overall frequency of IPV screening was 22% (111/500). We found a wide variation in screening practices among the clinics. Screening initiated by medical assistants resulted in significantly more documented screens than screening delivered by physicians (74% vs 9%, P<0.001).
Conclusions: IPV screening is an important, but underdelivered service. Using medical assistants to deliver IPV screening may be more effective than relying on physicians alone.
Cultivating Country Doctors: Preparing Learners for Rural Life and Community Leadership
Authors: Thach Sarah B. , Hodge Bryan , Cox Misty , Parlier-Ahmad Anna Beth , Galvin Shelley L.
Published: October 2018

Background and Objectives: Rural health disparities are growing, and medical schools and residency programs need new approaches to encourage learners to enter and stay in rural practice. Top correlates of rural practice are rural upbringing and rurally located training, yet preparation for rural practice plays a role. The authors sought to explore how selected programs develop learners’ competencies associated with rural placement and retention: rural life, community engagement, and community leadership.
Methods: Qualitative, semistructured phone interviews (n=20) were conducted with faculty of medical schools or family medicine residencies across the United States, Canada, Australia, and South Africa in which success in training rural practitioners was identified in the literature or by leaders of the National Rural Health Association’s Rural Medical Educators Group. Participants included 18 physician program directors, one nonphysician program administrator, and one PhD researcher who had studied rural preparation. Interview transcripts were read twice using an inductive process: first to identify themes, and then to identify specific strategies and quotes to exemplify each theme.
Results: Participants’ recommendations for rural preparation were: (1) Be intentional about strategies to prepare learners for rural practice; (2) Identify and cultivate rural interest; (3) Develop confidence and competence to meet rural community needs; (4) Teach skills in negotiating dual relationships, leading, and improving community health; and (5) Fully engage rural host communities throughout the training process.
Conclusions: Medical schools and residencies may increase the likelihood of producing rural physicians by implementing these experts’ strategies. Educators may select strategies that mesh with the structure and location of their training program.
El maestro especialista en audición y lenguaje ante el reto de la innovación en la evaluación del alumnado con necesidades especiales
Authors: Luque de la-Rosa Antonio , Hernández-Garre Carmen María , Fernández-Martínez María del Mar
Published: October 2018

En la actualidad el maestro en audición y lenguaje se consolida como especialidad docente, siendo destacable su carácter marcadamente itinerante en los centros escolares. El presente estudio ha pretendido realizar un acercamiento cualitativo al núcleo del proceso evaluativo, tanto diagnóstico como curricular, que desarrolla este perfil de maestro especialista. Se ha intentado vislumbrar el carácter que dichos profesionales otorgan a la evaluación en su actuación y las implicaciones de cara a promover un sentido educativo a la misma. Entre las conclusiones, podemos apreciar un marcado acento individual-diagnosticador en dicha intervención, aportándose como colofón lo que constituirían las líneas de actuación para potenciar un perfil colaborativo-formativo en el desarrollo de la evaluación del alumnado por parte de dichos profesionales.
La Calidad Docente Universitaria en Base a la Evaluación - Caso UNACH. Indicadores de La Evaluación.
Authors: Gonzalez-Robalino Marcela Patricia , Romero-Rojas Hugo Hernán , Armijos-Monar Jacqueline Guadalupe
Published: October 2018

El propósito de este artículo es compartir la experiencia de la Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo del Ecuador, en los procesos de la evaluación externa en términos de calidad docente universitaria y el aporte de la evaluación en la perspectiva de la mejora continua, no sin antes realizar un análisis de los indicadores de evaluación.Este estudio se lo realizó en base al informe de evaluación emitido por Consejo de Evaluación, Acreditación y Aseguramiento de la Calidad de la Educación Superior cuyo instrumento fue el Modelo de Evaluación CEAACES 2012 y 2015, con un análisis bibliográfico de los indicadores que influyen en la calidad del docente universitario, se planteó la esencia de estos y las posibles alternativas de mejora.
Acreditación Nacional y Regional de las carreras de Ingeniería. El MARCA como herramienta clave para la integración
Authors: Lagoria Silvana Lorena
Published: October 2018

Este artículo comienza con una introducción donde se describe la estrategia metodológica, se delinea el marco conceptual que orientó el análisis del caso propuesto en la investigación de origen y se fundamenta la importancia de la investigación realizada. A continuación, se desarrollan tres apartados donde se reconstruye brevemente el contexto en que se comprenden los procesos de acreditación de carreras de grado, se comentan de manera crítica los principales hallazgos de la investigación en relación con los procesos de acreditación en el nivel nacional (Argentina) y regional (MERCOSUR y Unión Europea). Para finalizar, se presentan algunas reflexiones sobre la experiencia de las carreras analizadas y se rescata el valor del MARCA para afianzar la integración educativa en la región.
HACKATHON multidisciplinario: fortalecimiento del aprendizaje basado en proyectos
Authors: Vivanco-Galván Oscar Amable , Castillo-Malla Darwin , Jiménez-Gaona Yuliana
Published: October 2018

La actividad académica Hackathon multidisciplinario fue aplicada a diferentes grupos de estudiantes de varios componentes de matemáticas de la Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja en el semestre octubre 2016 – marzo 2017. Los estudiantes inscritos a la actividad formaron grupos multidisciplinarios, generando propuestas a la pregunta: ¿Qué problema o necesidad social has detectado y te gustaría resolver? La actividad académica se ejecutó en 3 etapas informativas, de ensayo y evaluación. A través de la aplicación de la metodología Desing thinking los grupos de trabajo diseñaron posibles soluciones a los retos planteados. Estas soluciones fueron definidas en el ámbito tecnológico, alimentario, ambiental, farmacológico y educativo. La comisión de docentes eligió la mejor solución en base a la rúbrica de evaluación, y posteriormente, se realizó una retroalimentación a cada una de las propuestas. Los resultados obtenidos de este proyecto muestran que el estudiante conoce y aplica el uso de nuevas metodologías de aprendizaje para ser adaptadas en futuros proyectos en ciencia, medicina, educación y biotecnología.
Mediación pedagógica y creatividad: nuevas ecologías cognitivas para la transformación educativa
Authors: Obando-Leiva Wendy
Published: October 2018

Este ensayo tiene como intención transitar por diversas reflexiones co-construidas en torno a la creatividad como proceso inherente del ser humano, que contribuye a la generación de nuevas formas de relacionarnos, de mediar procesos, de mirar y actuar en la cotidianidad, de modo que aporte a la de-re-co-estructuración de ecologías cognitivas que puedan re-encantar el aprendizaje desde la propia potencialidad del individuo-especie-sociedad. Así, se consideran los procesos creativos que se han refundido hasta hoy en las experiencias de aprendizaje, tratando de descifrar, desde múltiples miradas (interrelacionadas), las formas de re-configurar conscientemente sus posibilidades en nuevos espacios, en múltiples encuentros, en renovadas formas de compartir con los Otros, de ser con los Otros (seres humanos).
Propuesta Metodológica del Análisis de Similitudes de Carreras de Grado para una Acreditación por Conglomerado
Authors: Morera-Castro Maria , Gómez-Barrantes Viviana , Azofeifa-Lizano Ana , Rojas-Valverde Daniel , Azofeifa-Mora Cristian
Published: October 2018

El propósito de este artículo fue establecer una propuesta metodológica para el análisis de similitud entre carreras de grado que involucren una o más unidades académicas. En este, se contemplan aspectos desde la creación de una comisión por conglomerado, la elaboración de un plan de trabajo, el análisis y resultados de afinidad de las carreras de grado y posibles desafíos que se afrontan en estos procesos. Se concluye que, las carreras con un alto grado de afinidad pueden optar por este tipo de acreditación debido a la gran cantidad de beneficios que se adquieren en la gestión y vinculación entre carreras, lo cual permite una permanencia de la cultura de mejoramiento de la calidad.
Educación a distancia: los recursos didácticos, las habilidades, las actitudes y su relación con el estudio independiente
Authors: Garita-González Gabriela , Gutiérrez-Durán José Eduardo , Godoy-Sandoval Vicente
Published: October 2018

El estudio independiente como elemento fundamental de la educación a distancia necesita de habilidades y actitudes propias del individuo como son: el orden, la autoevaluación, la ética, la comunicación, la apertura y la autoestima, por tanto, el aumento de estas variables durante los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje están directamente relacionados con la adquisición del conocimiento y del quehacer académico. Esta investigación es de enfoque cualitativo, del tipo no experimental exploratorio, la cual analiza la experiencia del estudiantado en la asignatura de Gerencia Pública que pertenece a la carrera de Administración de Negocios con énfasis en Dirección de Empresas de la Escuela de Ciencias de la Administración (ECA por sus siglas en español) vinculado al Programa de Producción de Material Escrito (PROMADE por sus siglas en español) de la Dirección de Producción de Materiales Didácticos (DPMD por sus siglas en español). Durante la investigación se elaboró una encuesta que permitió evaluar el recurso didáctico, las habilidades, las actitudes y su relación con el estudio independiente. Los resultados se contrastaron con el historial de los indicadores de aprobación de la asignatura desde el año 2013 al 2016.
El Programa de Aprendizaje en Línea: más de diez años contribuyendo con los procesos de virtualización de la UNED de Costa Rica
Authors: Mora-Vicarioli Francisco , Castro-Granados Alejandra
Published: October 2018

El Programa de Aprendizaje en Línea (PAL) de la Universidad Estatal a Distancia (UNED) de Costa Rica es una instancia asesora y de gestión de las plataformas de aprendizaje en línea. A poco más de diez años de su creación, se hace una reflexión sobre la contribución y la labor del mismo en los procesos de virtualización, dados sus ejes de trabajo; para lo cual, se describen las funciones que realiza, y se lleva a cabo un análisis, por medio de una comparación entre instancias equivalentes de otras universidades estatales de Costa Rica, a través de la descripción de cada una de ellas y, posteriormente, por medio de una encuesta; con el fin de contrastar las labores que se desempeñan en cuanto a la gestión de e-learning en los procesos académicos. A partir de ello, se definió que la investigación que sustenta este trabajo es de tipo cualitativa y exploratoria, para lo cual se recurrió a un instrumento con preguntas abiertas que fue validado previo a su aplicación. Entre los principales resultados destaca que el PAL, al ser la instancia pionera en procurar la implementación de los entornos virtuales de aprendizaje, pretende garantizar la excelencia en los procesos educativos a distancia, sin embargo, aún tiene un largo camino por recorrer; ya que al ser la UNED una universidad a distancia, conlleva un gran compromiso por mejorar no solo los ejes de trabajo que la caracterizan, sino también evolucionar de manera continua y sostenida, a la luz de las nuevas tendencias y según objetivos técnico-pedagógicos, pero sobre todo con un modelo que regule de forma integral la gestión del e-learning en la Universidad.
Utilizing Monte Carlo simulations in estimation of occupational eye lens dose based on whole body dosemeter in interventional cardiology and radiology
Authors: Bozovic Predrag , Ciraj-Bjelac Olivera , Stankovic-Petrovic Jelena , Arandjic Danijela , Ceklic Sandra
Published: October 2018

Medical staff performing interventional procedures in cardiology and radiology is considered to be a professional group exposed to high doses of ionizing radiation. With new epidemiological evidences and recently reduced eye lens dose limit, dose assessment to the lens of the eye, in the interventional cardiology, has become one of the most challenging research topics. This paper presents results of the eye lens dose assessment in interventional cardiology obtained by means of the computational dosimetry. Since placing and wearing the dedicated eye lens dosimeter is encumbering for the staff, Monte Carlo simulation provides an accurate and efficient method for obtaining an indication of doses to the eye lenses. Eye lens doses were estimated for three typical beam projections (PA, LAO, and RAO) and tube voltages ranging from 80 kV to 110 kV, with different protective equipment setups, for the first operator position. Simulations were carried out using MCNPX code. Results revealed that a whole body dosimeter worn at the thyroid center position gives the best estimate of the eye lens dose with a spread from 11 % to 18 % for the left eye. Corresponding average conversion coefficient from whole body to the eye lens dose is estimated to be 0.18.