bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Texture Memory in Hexagonal Metals and Its Mechanism
Authors: Tomida Toshiro , Vogel Sven C. , Onuki Yusuke , Sato Shigeo
Published: October 2021

Texture memory is a phenomenon in which retention of initial textures occurs after a complete cycle of forward and backward transformations, and it occurs in various phase-transforming materials including cubic and hexagonal metals such as steels and Ti and Zr alloys. Texture memory is known to be caused by the phenomena called variant selection, in which some of the allowed child orientations in an orientation relationship between the parent and child phases are preferentially selected. Without such variant selection, the phase transformations would randomize preferred orientations. In this article, the methods of prediction of texture memory and mechanisms of variant selections in hexagonal metals are explored. The prediction method using harmonic expansion of orientation distribution functions with the variant selection in which the Burgers orientation relationship, {110}β//{0001}α-hex <11¯1>β//21¯1¯0α-hex, is held with two or more adjacent parent grains at the same time, called “double Burgers orientation relation (DBOR)”, is introduced. This method is shown to be a powerful tool by which to analyze texture memory and ultimately provide predictive capabilities for texture changes during phase transformations. Variation in nucleation and growth rates on special boundaries and an extensive growth of selected variants are also described. Analysis of textures of commercially pure Ti observed in situ by pulsed neutron diffraction reveals that the texture memory in CP-Ti is indeed quite well predicted by consideration of the mechanism of DBOR. The analysis also suggests that the nucleation and growth rates on the special boundary of 90° rotation about 21¯1¯0α-hex should be about three times larger than those of the other special boundaries, and the selected variants should grow extensively into not only one parent grain but also other grains in α-hex(hexagonal)→β(bcc) transformation. The model calculations of texture development during two consecutive cycles of α-hex→β→α-hex transformation in CP-Ti and Zr are also shown.
Transient Liquid Phase Sintering of PM Steel—A Matter of the Heating Rate
Authors: Geroldinger Stefan , de Oro Calderon Raquel , Gierl-Mayer Christian , Danninger Herbert
Published: October 2021

Powder metallurgy (PM) offers several variants to introduce alloying elements for establishing the desired final composition. One route is the master alloy (MA) approach. The composition and the elements contained in the MA can be adjusted to obtain a liquid phase that penetrates through the interconnected pore network and thus enhances the distribution of the alloying elements and the homogenization of the microstructure. Such a liquid phase is often of a transient character, and therefore the amount of liquid formed and the time the liquid is present during the sintering are highly dependent on the heating rates. The heating rate has also an impact on the reaction temperatures, and therefore, by properly adjusting the heating rate, it is possible to sinter PM-steels alloyed with Fe-Cr-Si-C-MA at temperatures below 1250 °C. The present study shows the dependence of the melting regimes on the heating rate (5, 10, 20, 120 K/min) represented by “Kissinger plots”. For this purpose, liquid phase formation and distribution were monitored in quenching dilatometer experiments with defined heating up to different temperatures (1120 °C, 1180 °C, 1250 °C, 1300 °C) and subsequent quenching. Optimum sintering conditions for the materials were identified, and the concept was corroborated by C and O analysis, CCT diagrams, metallographic sections, and hardness measurements.
Batch Manufacturing of Split-Actuator Micro Air Vehicle Based on Monolithic Processing Technology
Authors: Lu Xiang , Wang Chengxiang , Lu Kun , Xi Xiang , Wu Yulie , Wu Xuezhong , Xiao Dingbang
Published: October 2021

Microrobots have a wide range of applications. The rigid–flexible composite stereoscopic technology based on ultraviolet laser cutting technology is primarily researched for the design and manufacture of microrobots and has been used to fabricate microscale motion mechanisms and robots. This paper introduces a monolithic processing technology based on the rigid–flexible composite stereoscopic process. Based on this process, a split-actuator micro flapping-wing air vehicle with a size of 15 mm × 2.5 mm × 30 mm was designed. We proposed a batch manufacturing method capable of processing multiple micro air vehicles at the same time. The main structure of 22 flapping-wing micro air vehicles can be processed at the same time within the processing range of the composite sheet with an area of 80 mm × 80 mm, and the processing effect is good.
Unified Model of Shot Noise in the Tunneling Current in Sub-10 nm MOSFETs
Authors: Lee Jonghwan
Published: October 2021

A single unified analytical model is presented to predict the shot noise for both the source-to-drain (SD) and the gate tunneling current in sub-10 nm MOSFETs with ultrathin oxide. Based on the Landauer formula, the model is constructed from the sequential tunneling flows associated with number fluctuations. This approach provides the analytical formulation of the shot noise as a function of the applied voltages. The model performs well in predicting the Fano factor for shot noise in the SD and gate tunneling currents.
Using Dissipative Particle Dynamics to Model Effects of Chemical Reactions Occurring within Hydrogels
Authors: Liu Ya , Aizenberg Joanna , Balazs Anna C.
Published: October 2021

Computational models that reveal the structural response of polymer gels to changing, dissolved reactive chemical species would provide useful information about dynamically evolving environments. However, it remains challenging to devise one computational approach that can capture all the interconnected chemical events and responsive structural changes involved in this multi-stage, multi-component process. Here, we augment the dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) method to simulate the reaction of a gel with diffusing, dissolved chemicals to form kinetically stable complexes, which in turn cause concentration-dependent deformation of the gel. Using this model, we also examine how the addition of new chemical stimuli and subsequent reactions cause the gel to exhibit additional concentration-dependent structural changes. Through these DPD simulations, we show that the gel forms multiple latent states (not just the “on/off”) that indicate changes in the chemical composition of the fluidic environment. Hence, the gel can actuate a range of motion within the system, not just movements corresponding to the equilibrated swollen or collapsed states. Moreover, the system can be used as a sensor, since the structure of the layer effectively indicates the presence of chemical stimuli.
Highly Stable Thin Films Based on Novel Hybrid 1D (PRSH)PbX3 Pseudo-Perovskites
Authors: Calabrese Gabriele , Pipitone Candida , Marini Diego , Giannici Francesco , Martorana Antonino , Barba Luisa , Summonte Caterina , Masciocchi Norberto , Milita Silvia
Published: October 2021

In this study, the structure and morphology, as well as time, ultraviolet radiation, and humidity stability of thin films based on newly developed 1D (PRSH)PbX3 (X = Br, I) pseudo-perovskite materials, containing 1D chains of face-sharing haloplumbate octahedra, are investigated. All films are strongly crystalline already at room temperature, and annealing does not promote further crystallization or film reorganization. The film microstructure is found to be strongly influenced by the anion type and, to a lesser extent, by the DMF/DMSO solvent volume ratio used during film deposition by spin-coating. Comparison of specular X-ray diffraction and complementary grazing incidence X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that the use of DMF/DMSO mixed solvents promotes the strengthening of a dominant 100 or 210 texturing, as compared the case of pure DMF, and that the haloplumbate chains always lie in a plane parallel to the substrate. Under specific DMF/DMSO solvent volume ratios, the prepared films are found to be highly stable in time (up to seven months under fluxing N2 and in the dark) and to highly moist conditions (up to 25 days at 78% relative humidity). Furthermore, for representative (PRSH)PbX3 films, resistance against ultraviolet exposure (λ = 380 nm) is investigated, showing complete stability after irradiation for up to 15 h at a power density of 600 mW/cm2. These results make such thin films interesting for highly stable perovskite-based (opto)electronic devices.
Enhanced Bioaccumulation and Toxicity of Arsenic in Marine Mussel Perna viridis in the Presence of CuO/Fe3O4 Nanoparticles
Authors: Zhou Shuang , Qian Wei , Ning Zigong , Zhu Xiaoshan
Published: October 2021

Leakage of metal oxide nanoparticles (MNPs) into marine environments is inevitable with the increasing use of MNPs. However, little is known about the effects of these lately emerged MNPs on the bioaccumulation and toxicity of pre-existing contaminants in marine biota. The current study therefore investigated the effects of two common MNPs, CuO nanoparticles (nCuO) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (nFe3O4), on bioaccumulation and toxicity of arsenic (As) in green mussel Perna viridis. Newly introduced MNPs remarkably promoted the accumulation of As and disrupted the As distribution in mussels because of the strong adsorption of As onto MNPs. Moreover, MNPs enhanced the toxicity of As by disturbing osmoregulation in mussels, which could be supported by decreased activity of Na+-K+-ATPase and average weight loss of mussels after MNPs exposure. In addition, the enhanced toxicity of As in mussels might be due to that MNPs reduced the biotransformation efficiency of more toxic inorganic As to less toxic organic As, showing an inhibitory effect on As detoxifying process of mussels. This could be further demonstrated by the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as implied by the rise in quantities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lipid peroxidation (LPO), and subsequently restraining the glutathione-S-transferases (GST) activity and glutathione (GSH) content in mussels. Taken together, this study elucidated that MNPs may elevate As bioaccumulation and limit As biotransformation in mussels, which would result in an enhanced ecotoxicity of As towards marine organisms.
Interventions to Improve Hydration in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bruno Chevonne , Collier Annaleise , Holyday Margaret , Lambert Kelly
Published: October 2021

Dehydration is common in the elderly, especially when hospitalised. This study investigated the impact of interventions to improve hydration in acutely unwell or institutionalised older adults for hydration and hydration linked events (constipation, falls, urinary tract infections) as well as patient satisfaction. Four databases were searched from inception to 13 May 2020 for studies of interventions to improve hydration. Nineteen studies (978 participants) were included and two studies (165 participants) were meta-analysed. Behavioural interventions were associated with a significant improvement in hydration. Environmental, multifaceted and nutritional interventions had mixed success. Meta-analysis indicated that groups receiving interventions to improve hydration consumed 300.93 mL more fluid per day than those in the usual care groups (95% CI: 289.27 mL, 312.59 mL; I2 = 0%, p < 0.00001). Overall, there is limited evidence describing interventions to improve hydration in acutely unwell or institutionalised older adults. Behavioural interventions appear promising. High-quality studies using validated rather than subjective methods of assessing hydration are needed to determine effective interventions.
A Systems Approach Dissociates Fructose-Induced Liver Triglyceride from Hypertriglyceridemia and Hyperinsulinemia in Male Mice
Authors: Doridot Ludivine , Hannou Sarah A. , Krawczyk Sarah A. , Tong Wenxin , Kim Mi-Sung , McElroy Gregory S. , Fowler Alan J. , Astapova Inna I. , Herman Mark A.
Published: October 2021

The metabolic syndrome (MetS), defined as the co-occurrence of disorders including obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis, has become increasingly prevalent in the world over recent decades. Dietary and other environmental factors interacting with genetic predisposition are likely contributors to this epidemic. Among the involved dietary factors, excessive fructose consumption may be a key contributor. When fructose is consumed in large amounts, it can quickly produce many of the features of MetS both in humans and mice. The mechanisms by which fructose contributes to metabolic disease and its potential interactions with genetic factors in these processes remain uncertain. Here, we generated a small F2 genetic cohort of male mice derived from crossing fructose-sensitive and -resistant mouse strains to investigate the interrelationships between fructose-induced metabolic phenotypes and to identify hepatic transcriptional pathways that associate with these phenotypes. Our analysis indicates that the hepatic transcriptional pathways associated with fructose-induced hypertriglyceridemia and hyperinsulinemia are distinct from those that associate with fructose-mediated changes in body weight and liver triglyceride. These results suggest that multiple independent mechanisms and pathways may contribute to different aspects of fructose-induced metabolic disease.
Children with Intestinal Failure Maintain Their Renal Function on Long-Term Parenteral Nutrition
Authors: Guz Mark Anat , Levi Shelly , Davidovits Miriam , Marderfeld Luba , Shamir Raanan
Published: October 2021

Background: Long-term parenteral nutrition (PN) has been associated with renal complications, including hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis, proteinuria and reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Pediatric data are scarce and mostly short-term. Our study aimed to evaluate renal complications in children with intestinal failure (IF) receiving long-term PN. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in a tertiary pediatric IF clinic of patients receiving home-PN treatment for more than 1 year. Data regarding medical background, anthropometrics, laboratory investigations and abdominal sonography were retrieved. Results: Complete data were available for 15 children (67% males), with a median age of 6 (range 1.5–15) years and a median (IQR) PN duration of 4 (1.5–6) years. Low-grade proteinuria was identified in 61% and microalbuminuria in 30% of the cohort. Hypercalciuria and hyperoxaluria were present in 50% and 46%, respectively. One patient had nephrocalcinosis. The estimated GFR was normal in all but one patient who had pre-existing kidney disease. Conclusions: Pediatric IF patients can present with preserved kidney function after years of PN treatment. Despite the high prevalence of hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis was not common. Base line and long-term monitoring of various aspects of renal function would be essential to characterize the effects of prolonged PN on kidney functions in pediatric patients.
Weight Gain Associated with COVID-19 Lockdown in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chang Tu-Hsuan , Chen Yu-Chin , Chen Wei-Yu , Chen Chun-Yu , Hsu Wei-Yun , Chou Yun , Chang Yi-Hsin
Published: October 2021

Background: Lockdown is an effective nonpharmaceutical intervention to reduce coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission, but it restricts daily activity. We aimed to investigate the impact of lockdown on pediatric body weight and body mass index (BMI). Methods: The systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement. Four online databases (EMBASE, Medline, the Cochrane Library and CINAHL) were searched. Results: The pooled results showed that lockdown was associated with significant body weight gain (MD 2.67, 95% CI 2.12–3.23; p < 0.00001). The BMI of children with comorbidities or obesity did not change significantly. The BMI of general population was significantly higher during lockdown than before the pandemic (MD 0.94, 95% CI 0.32–1.56; p = 0.003). However, heterogeneity was high (I2 = 84%). Among changes in weight classification, increases in the rates of obesity (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.10–1.37; p = 0.0002) and overweight (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.06–1.29; p = 0.001) were reported. Conclusions: Our meta-analysis showed significant increases in body weight and BMI during lockdown among school-age children and adolescents. The prevalence of obesity and overweight also increased. The COVID-19 pandemic worsened the burden of childhood obesity.
Zebrafish as a Model System to Study the Mechanism of Cutaneous Wound Healing and Drug Discovery: Advantages and Challenges
Authors: Naomi Ruth , Bahari Hasnah , Yazid Muhammad Dain , Embong Hashim , Othman Fezah
Published: October 2021

In humans, cutaneous wounds may heal without scars during embryogenesis. However, in the adult phase, the similar wound may undergo a few events such as homeostasis, blood clotting, inflammation, vascularization, and the formation of granulation tissue, which may leave a scar at the injury site. In consideration of this, research evolves daily to improve the healing mechanism in which the wound may heal without scarring. In regard to this, zebrafish (Danio rerio) serves as an ideal model to study the underlying signaling mechanism of wound healing. This is an important factor in determining a relevant drug formulation for wound healing. This review scrutinizes the biology of zebrafish and how this favors the cutaneous wound healing relevant to the in vivo evidence. This review aimed to provide the current insights on drug discovery for cutaneous wound healing based on the zebrafish model. The advantages and challenges in utilizing the zebrafish model for cutaneous wound healing are discussed in this review. This review is expected to provide an idea to formulate an appropriate drug for cutaneous wound healing relevant to the underlying signaling mechanism. Therefore, this narrative review recapitulates current evidence from in vivo studies on the cutaneous wound healing mechanism, which favours the discovery of new drugs. This article concludes with the need for zebrafish as an investigation model for biomedical research in the future to ensure that drug repositions are well suited for human skin.
Macrosphelide A Exhibits a Specific Anti-Cancer Effect by Simultaneously Inactivating ENO1, ALDOA, and FH
Authors: Song Kyoung , Rajasekaran Nirmal , Chelakkot Chaithanya , Lee Hun Seok , Paek Seung-Mann , Yang Hobin , Jia Lina , Park Hee Geon , Son Woo Sung , Kim Yu-Jin , Choi Joon-Seok , Jeong Hae Min , Suh Young-Ger , Yun Hwayoung , Shin Young Kee
Published: October 2021

Aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells, also known as the Warburg effect, is an indispensable hallmark of cancer. This metabolic adaptation of cancer cells makes them remarkably different from normal cells; thus, inhibiting aerobic glycolysis is an attractive strategy to specifically target tumor cells while sparing normal cells. Macrosphelide A (MSPA), an organic small molecule, is a potential lead compound for the design of anti-cancer drugs. However, its role in modulating cancer metabolism remains poorly understood. MSPA target proteins were screened using mass spectrometry proteomics combined with affinity chromatography. Direct and specific interactions of MSPA with its candidate target proteins were confirmed by in vitro binding assays, competition assays, and simulation modeling. The siRNA-based knockdown of MSPA target proteins indirectly confirmed the cytotoxic effect of MSPA in HepG2 and MCF-7 cancer cells. In addition, we showed that MSPA treatment in the HEPG2 cell line significantly reduced glucose consumption and lactate release. MSPA also inhibited cancer cell proliferation and induced apoptosis by inhibiting critical enzymes involved in the Warburg effect: aldolase A (ALDOA), enolase 1 (ENO1), and fumarate hydratase (FH). Among these enzymes, the purified ENO1 inhibitory potency of MSPA was further confirmed to demonstrate the direct inhibition of enzyme activity to exclude indirect/secondary factors. In summary, MSPA exhibits anti-cancer effects by simultaneously targeting ENO1, ALDOA, and FH.
Poppers Use and High Methaemoglobinaemia: ‘Dangerous Liaisons’
Authors: Barrangou-Poueys-Darlas Malcolm , Gerardin Marie , Deheul Sylvie , Istvan Marion , Guerlais Marylène ,   FAN, Jolliet Pascale , Dejoie Thomas , Victorri-Vigneau Caroline
Published: October 2021

Poppers are legal and largely used in France despite severe side effects, such as methaemoglobinaemia (MetHbia). Our work aimed to assess the prevalence of poppers consumers among patients with a MetHbia higher than or equal to 5% in French university hospitals and its evolution before and after the legalization of poppers in France. We conducted a national multicentre observational retrospective study. All patients for whom at least one MetHbia measurement was performed from 2012 to 2017 in university hospitals where the French addictovigilance network (FAN) is implanted were included. For each MetHbia measurement exceeding or equal to 5%, a return to the clinical file was made by the FAN to assess poppers consumption. We calculated the prevalence of MetHbia exceeding or equal to 5% and 25% and the prevalence of poppers consumption before and after the legalization. A total of 239 (0.14%) patients had a MetHbia level exceeding or equal to 5% with 25 (10.46%) cases of poppers consumption. Poppers consumption represented 68.4% (13 out of 19) of cases with MetHbia greater than or equal to 25%. Poppers consumption among patients with MetHbia exceeding or equal to 5% increased after the legalization from 4.76% to 11.67% (prevalence ratio PR = 2.45, 95% CI = [0.98–8.37], p-value = 0.190). The proportion of patients with a MetHbia level of 25% or more increased after the legalization from 4.76% to 8.63% (PR = 1.81, 95% CI = [0.68–6.82], p-value = 0.374). The use of poppers is very frequently reported by patients with MetHbia greater than or equal to 25%.
Politejsav fóliák pneumatikus alakíthatósági vizsgálatának fejlesztése
Authors: Gere Dániel , Pölöskei Kornél
Published: October 2021

Jelen tanulmányban egy olyan mérési eljárás fejlesztését tűztük ki célul, amely alkalmas a melegalakítási folyamatok modellezésére, és egy olyan mutatószámot szolgáltat, amely kiválóan jellemzi egy fólia vagy lemez melegalakíthatóságát adott hőmérsékleten, adott nyomásviszonyok mellett. Erre a célra az emelt hőmérsékletű, pneumatikus vizsgálatot tartottuk a leginkább alkalmasnak. A vizsgálat a fólia szakadásig történő fújását jelenti, ami mindössze néhány másodpercig tart. A vizsgálatról készült képfelvétel-sorozatok elemzésével határoztuk meg az emelkedési magasságot (k), valamint az alakváltozott próbatesteket, egy gömbbel közelítve a becsült felszínt.
KARAKTERISTIK PEMENUHAN KEBUTUHAN SPIRITUALITAS PADA PASIEN YANG DIRAWAT DI RUANG ICU
Authors: Rasmita Dina
Published: October 2021

Spirituality was important when an individual is sick. Patients ICU with spiritual distress, so they need to fulfill their spiritual needs. Fulfillment spirituality needs can be done by nurses and families. The purpose was to determine how nurses and patients' families fulfilling the spiritual needs of ICU patients. This study was a descriptive design. Nurses who work in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and families of ICU patients were the populations of this study. The sample size was determined using a purposive sampling technique, which 30 ICU nurses and 32 ICU patient families. The data collection tool used a questionnaire. Data analysis used univariate analysis with frequency distribution. The results show that 66.7% of the nurses fulfilled the spiritual needs of patients with a good category, 53.1% of the patients' families were a not good category in fulfilling ICU patient's spiritual needs. This study concludes that the fulfillment of spirituality needs in ICU patients has been optimally implemented by nurses but has not been optimally implemented by the family. Fulfillment spirituality needs in ICU patients by nurses with good categories so nurses are improved it through training and nurses can increase the family role.
Serbest Muhasebeci Mali Müşavirlerin Psikolojik İyi Oluşlarının İş Tatminlerine Etkisinde Örgütsel Özdeşleşmenin Moderatör Rolü: İstanbul Örneği
Authors: BEDER Nur
Published: October 2021

Bireylerin psikolojik olarak iyi olma durumlarının, çalışma hayatlarını olumlu yönde etkileyebileceği ve bu bağlamda iş tatmini seviyelerinin yüksek olabileceği, bunun ötesinde, bireyin örgütü ile özdeşleşmesinin, bireyin performansına katkıda bulunabileceği beklenmektedir. Ancak, mesleki faktörler göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, ilgili durumun muhasebe mesleğini icra eden bireyler üzerinde nasıl sonuçlar doğurduğu merak konusudur. Özellikle muhasebe mesleğinin oldukça stresli ve durağan bir yapıya sahip olduğu ve muhasebe ile uğraşan bireylerin iyi oluşlarının ve işe yönelik tutumlarının bu mesleki durumdan ne derece etkilendiği araştırma probleminin ortaya çıkmasında son derece etkili olmuştur. Bu anlamda ortaya konulan çalışmanın temel amacı, serbest muhasebeci mali müşavirlerin psikolojik iyi oluşlarının iş tatminlerine etkisinde örgütsel özdeşleşmenin moderatör rolünün araştırılmasıdır.
Bu çalışma, İstanbul ilinde bağımlı ya da bağımsız olarak faaliyet gösteren 130 serbest muhasebeci mali müşavir üzerinde anket yöntemi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları, katılımcıların psikolojik iyi oluşlarının iş tatminlerini anlamlı ve pozitif yönde etkilediğini göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte, katılımcıların psikolojik iyi oluşlarının iş tatminleri üzerindeki etkisinde, örgütsel özdeşleşmenin moderatör rolünün bulunduğu, ancak bu moderatör etkinin, bağımsız çalışma türünde bağımlı çalışma türüne göre daha yüksek seviyede gerçekleşmediği tespit edilmiştir.
Revisión comentada de la política pública aplicada a la gestión de riesgo de desastres en la zona norte del Páramo Cruz Verde al oriente de Bogotá
Authors: Bermudez Ayala María Alejandra
Published: October 2021

El análisis de las diferentes amenazas y los factores de riesgo de desastres dentro de un territorio comprenden elementos fundamentales para el desarrollo en todos los ámbitos de una población, aborda la problemática desde los procesos de conocimiento y reducción del riesgo hasta la respuesta y recuperación ante un posible desastre. Este trabajo estudia las políticas públicas de gestión de riesgo en la parte norte del Páramo Cruz Verde ubicado al costado oriental de la ciudad de Bogotá. Para esto se revisan las propuestas del gobierno local en sus planes de gestión del suelo en esta zona, abarcando elementos que implementan las autoridades estatales en cuanto al ordenamiento territorial que delimitan las zonas en condición en riesgo y la presencia de eventos de amenaza en la región de estudio. Por consiguiente, es importante conocer cuáles son los entes reguladores que realizan estos estudios en Colombia y verificar sí las normativas se están realizando de manera eficiente. Como parte de los resultados, se encuentran documentos normativos desactualizados e información geográfica, en algunos casos, no disponible al público. Adicionalmente, no existe una conexión estrecha entre las entidades científicas y administrativas que logre establecer un análisis interdisciplinar en el territorio. Por lo expuesto anteriormente, se recomienda realizar un diagnóstico detallado del riesgo para evitar la ocupación en terrenos no apropiados, y como parte de una oportunidad para el desarrollo local, ya que evita costosas inversiones que de una u otra manera los municipios deben sufragar en el momento de presentarse un desastre.
Strategic leadership in an era of change: challenges and advances of the PAIGH Geography Commission, 2014-2021
Authors: Solis Patricia , Parcher Wintemute Jean
Published: October 2021

This article outlines the strategic vision of the leadership of the Geography Commission of the PanAmerican Institute for Geography and History over the past eight years, co-authored by the Presidents and Vice Presidents 2014-2017 and 2018-2021, respectively. Documenting the major strategies taken by and through this leadership team during a context of profound change, the article summarizes a rationale and main domains of action across the commission, featuring a course-level detail of the committees and working groups, and joint initiatives. The article acknowledges the highly participatory efforts of member state commissions, committees, participants, and responsible parties for technical assistance projects by pointing out some of the highlighted achievements and unrealized objectives alike. The authors also aim to inform and inspire future leadership throughout PAIGH to build upon and improve this trajectory in strategic ways.
Habilidades analíticas y la educación imaginativa en la asignatura de historia
Authors: Mantuano Neliza , Vélez Carlina
Published: October 2021

El objetivo fue establecer la incidencia de la educación imaginativa en habilidades analíticas en la asignatura de historia en la Unidad Educativa Veintitrés de Octubre del cantón Montecristi, provincia de Manabí, Ecuador. Para lograr este propósito se aplicó el enfoque metodológico mixto. La investigación exploratoria permitió la aplicación de encuestas a docentes y estudiantes para la recolección de los datos. Entre los principales hallazgos encontrados, se evidenció la deficiente aplicación de la educación imaginativa en las clases de historia debido al escaso conocimiento de esta metodología por parte de los docentes. El 43% de los docentes encuestados saben muy poco o nada sobre las herramientas de la educación imaginativa, y un considerable 30% lo conoce moderadamente. Por estos y más razones se concluye que es adecuada como estrategia para la docencia de la asignatura antes mencionada.
Análisis comparativo del b-learning y e-learning en competencias TIC para la docencia en educación superior
Authors: Flores Luis , Meléndez Carlos
Published: October 2021

Permanent technological training favors teaching and its importance in learning modalities. Therefore, it is proposed to analyze the academic performance of permanent training in ICT skills for teachers and compare the performance of digital learning modalities. The research was quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional in a higher education institution with continuous training processes. Two editions of courses were considered in which online TIC tools were taught for teachers. The activity records made it possible to analyze the academic performance of permanent training in TIC skills for teachers and compare the learning modalities' performance through them. In this sense, the results of the teaching-learning process in TIC skills reflect that the evaluations of the first b-learning modality course with 44 participants present a 98% approval rate compared to the second e-learning modality course with 37 participants with an 86% pass rate. The results determine that the management of b-learning promotes a better academic performance of the participants and that the continuous evaluation processes benefit the development of creditable products.
IMPLEMENTATION PLAN ON LEARNING ORGANIZATION PRACTICE TO INCREASE BUSINESS PERFORMANCE OF SAVLEE COMPANY
Authors: Az-Zahra Fatimah , Dewi Emilia Fitriana
Published: October 2021

Cessa previously ran a technology-based business by creating therapeutic tools
to reduce sleep problems. Since the pandemic era, the research and
development process has been hampered due to limited access to laboratories.
Therefore, the company pivoted to the Savlee company by creating a dailywear sleeping product. There are several problems and challenges that arise in
the business model. Savlee began to try a new approach in the fields of pharmacy, psychology,, and neuroscience. Savlee needed to have initial learning and should seek a new form of data and information that became the main reference. The data analysis process was carried out using qualitative data methods with in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Based on the House of Learning Organization by Jann Model as the model of learning organization practices that consist of learning foundations, learning facilities, learning skills, learning enablers, and learning disciplines, and plan for the implementing practice of learning organizations using Peter Senge's methods in "The Dance of Change-Generating Profound Change." The outcome of this research is a plan for implementation of the learning organization, which consists of three stages, starting with building individual personal mastery, team learning ability, and organizational learning ability. Therefore, Savlee must implement a suitable learning organization with appropriate design and organizational learning that has a clear measurement for the evaluation of business performance
TRANSPORT DELAYS ON THE STREETS OF BISHKEK
Authors: Stasenko L.N. , Surapov A.K. , Iskenderbek uulu A. , Bektur uulu A.
Published: October 2021

This article examines the study of the conditions for the formation of congestion at regulated intersections of the city. Possible ways of solving the problem are proposed to increase the throughput of intersections and streets in general.
DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMATION SYSTEM BY MEANS OF ASP.NET
Authors: Abdulaev A. , Borubaev M.Ch.
Published: October 2021

For most state institutions and enterprises, there is a problem of automation of the business process, which is distributed among branches throughout the republic. The article discusses the problem of designing a system for managing geographically distributed branches. The process of development of the business process management and automation system for the branch network management information system and minimization of the total operating cost of the system is described. An example of designing an information system for managing payments for administrative violations of traffic rules in branches of the Kyrgyz Post State Enterprise is given.
A Survey on Software-Defined Wireless Sensor Networks: Current status, machine learning approaches and major challenges
Authors: Jurado Lasso Fabian Fernando , Marchegiani Letizia , Jurado Jesus Fabian , Mahfouz Adnan Abu , Fafoutis Xenofon
Published: October 2021

This paper is aimed to present a comprehensive survey of relevant research over the period 2012-2021 of Software-Defined Wireless Sensor Network (SDWSN) proposals and Machine Learning (ML) techniques to perform network management, policy enforcement, and network configuration functions. This survey provides helpful information and insights to the scientific and industrial communities, and professional organisations interested in SDWSNs, mainly the current state-of-art, machine learning techniques, and open issues.
Design of Smart Garden Based On The Internet of Things (IoT)
Authors: Atmiasri  , Tri Wiyono Andika
Published: October 2021

Currently, the control of cultivated plants is still manual, where farmers watering and checking soil moisture on the planting object. However, we cannot avoid technological progress in this life because technological progress will run following scientific advances. Therefore, every innovation is created to provide positive benefits for life. The ideal chili cultivation planning requires information about climatic conditions that play a significant role in chili cultivation is rainfall. Plant growth will be incredible if there is sufficient water supply; humidity for chili plants ranges from 60-80%. Therefore, chili cultivation planning must pay attention to rainfall because related to water availability. Smart Garden prototype design is a solution for taking appropriate actions during extreme weather and reducing human error. A prototype Smart Garden-based Internet of Things (IoT) using the Blynk app as User Interface (GUI) in the monitoring system and using the Soil Moisture sensor as input for soil moisture conditions, where the results of the process are sent via Wemos D1 mini-module to the Blynk server to display the state of soil moisture and automatic watering.
SIMULATION OF DESIGN COMPONENTS OF POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS FOR PERSONAL COMPUTERS
Authors: Юров А.Н. , Цымбал Д.В.
Published: October 2021

Предложена разработка цифрового макета изделия, который представляет собой компонент ЭВМ - импульсный блок питания. Производится анализ предполагаемых компонентов персонального компьютера, которые будут установлены в систему. При необходимости есть возможность выбора с добавлением новых компонентов в системный блок ЭВМ. После определения заданных компонентов ПК производится расчет мощности, которая нужна для получения стабильной работы системы в целом. По произведенным расчетам выполняется 3D-моделирование блока питания с разъемами для подключения материнской платы, видеокарты, а также прочих устройств, в том числе и накопителей информации. В работе исследованы вопросы по применению методов линейного программирования для решения поставленных задач в соответствии с исходными данными, а также подходы по получению 3D-модели источника питания с построенными трассами до разъемов подключения устройств и компонентов персонального компьютера. Кроме того, подготовлено программное обеспечение, в котором визуально представлен процесс построения сборочной модели БП согласно произведенным расчетам

We propose the development of a digital model of the product, which is a computer component - a pulsed power supply. We carried out the analysis of the expected components of the personal computer that will be installed in the system. If necessary, there is a choice with the addition of new components to the system unit of the computer. After determining the specified PC components, the power is calculated, which is needed to obtain stable operation of the system as a whole. According to the calculations made, 3D-modeling of the power supply unit with connectors for connecting the motherboard, video card, as well as other devices, including information storage devices, is performed. The paper investigates the issues of using linear programming methods for solving the assigned tasks in accordance with the initial data, as well as approaches to obtaining a 3D model of a power supply with constructed routes to the connectors for connecting devices and components of a personal computer. In addition, we prepared the software, in which the process of building an assembly model of a power supply unit is visually presented according to the calculations
IMPROVEMENT OF INFORMATIVITY OF COMBINED DIFFERENT-RANGE IMAGES IN MEDICAL DIAGNOSTICS
Authors: Ветров А.Н. , Потлов А.Ю.
Published: October 2021

Задача повышения качества результатов медицинской диагностики и удобства их интерпретации является актуальной на современном этапе развития биомедицинской инженерии. Особый интерес представляют методы визуализации, применимые при диагностике онкологических заболеваний. Повышать достоверность медицинской диагностики таких патологических состояний предлагается посредством совмещения разнодиапазонных изображений, в частности сканов в инфракрасном и видимом диапазонах длин волн. Предлагается методика, в которой два изображения конкретного биообъекта, полученные от датчиков, работающих в разных частотных диапазонах, имеющие одинаковые пространственные параметры и сформированные с общего ракурса, сводятся в общее изображение чересстрочно. Новизна предлагаемой методики заключается в том, что после совмещения изображений производится взаимная передача заданных частей каждого пикселя соседним пикселям по вертикали. В полученном изображении каждый пиксель содержит информацию оптического и инфракрасного изображений в заданных пропорциях. Показано, что предлагаемая методика обеспечивает увеличение информативности в полученном изображении в шесть раз относительно исходных изображений. Предлагаемая методика совмещения разнодиапазонных изображений может быть применена в различных прикладных областях

In the medical diagnostics of diseases, it is necessary to obtain the most reliable information in order to obtain the correct diagnosis and, as a result, the correct treatment for the patient. One of the methods of diagnostic studies of oncological diseases of a near-surface nature is to obtain infrared images. It is possible to increase the reliability of information by combining images obtained from thermal imagers, as well as from television video cameras. In this paper, we propose a technique in which two images of a particular object obtained from sensors operating in different frequency ranges, having the same spatial parameters, and formed from the same angle, are interlaced into a common image. The novelty of the proposed method lies in the fact that after combining the images, the specified parts of each pixel are mutually transmitted to the neighboring pixels vertically. In the resulting image, each pixel contains information of optical and infrared images in appropriate proportions. It is shown that the proposed method provides an increase in information content in the resulting image six times relative to the original image. The proposed technique for combining multi-range images can be applied in various areas
RESEARCH OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF TWO-CHAMBER PULSE DEVICES FOR STAMPING
Authors: Боташев А.Ю. , Мусаев А.А.
Published: October 2021

Одной из разновидностей устройств, осуществляющих импульсные методы обработки давлением, являются двухкамерные устройства для листовой штамповки, использующие в качестве энергоносителя газовоздушные топливные смеси. Подача сжатого воздуха в камеру сгорания в рассматриваемом двухкамерном устройстве для листовой штамповки осуществляется компрессором. Проведен анализ термодинамических процессов, протекающих в камере сгорания и рабочем цилиндре двухкамерного устройства для листовой штамповки. При этом установлено, что энергия, затрачиваемая на работу компрессора, составляет около 45% от энергии, выделяющейся в камере сгорания. Получена зависимость для определения термодинамического КПД двухкамерных устройств для листовой штамповки, величина его составляет около 0,25. Установлено, что энергоэффективность двухкамерных устройств не уступает энергоэффективности традиционного штамповочного оборудования, при этом затраты на энергоносители двухкамерных устройств ниже за счет использования дешевого энергоносителя. В двухкамерном штамповочном устройстве для листовой штамповки электрическая энергия, используемая на работу компрессора, составляет менее 1/3 общей потребляемой энергии устройства. Поэтому при прочих равных условиях расходы на энергоносители будут значительно меньше, чем в штамповочном оборудовании, работающем на электрическом токе

One of the types of devices that carry out pulse methods of pressure treatment are two-chamber devices for sheet stamping, using gas-air fuel mixtures as an energy carrier. The supply of compressed air to the combustion chamber in the considered two-chamber device for sheet stamping is carried out by a compressor. We carried out the analysis of thermodynamic processes taking place in the combustion chamber and the working cylinder of a two-chamber device for sheet stamping. We found that the energy spent on the operation of the compressor is about 45% of the energy released in the combustion chamber. We obtained the dependence for determining the thermodynamic efficiency of two-chamber devices for sheet stamping; its value is about 0.25. We established that the energy efficiency of two-chamber devices is not inferior to the energy efficiency of traditional stamping equipment, while the energy costs of two-chamber devices are lower due to the use of a cheap energy carrier. In a two-chamber die-forging device for sheet metal stamping, the electrical energy used to operate the compressor is less than 1/3 of the total energy consumption of the device. Therefore, all other things being equal, the cost of energy carriers will be significantly less than in stamping equipment operating on electric current
Assessment of predictive models for estimation of water consumption in public preschool buildings
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Engineering, Sestre Janjića 6, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia, Jurišević Nebojša M. , Gordić Dušan R. ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Engineering, Sestre Janjića 6, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia, Vukašinović Vladimir ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Engineering, Sestre Janjića 6, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia, Vukicevic Arso M. ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Engineering, Sestre Janjića 6, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
Published: October 2021

Preschool buildings are among the biggest water consumers in the public buildings sector, which efficient management of water consumption could make considerable savings in city budgets. The aim of this study was twofold: 1) to assess prognostic performances of 21 parameters that influence the water consumption and 2) to assess performances of two different approaches (statistical and machine learning-based) with 6 various predictive models for the estimation of water consumption by using the observed parameters. The considered data set was collected from the total share of public preschool buildings in the city of Kragujevac, Serbia, over a three-year period. Top-performing statistical-based model was Multiple Linear Regression, while the best machine learning method was Random Forest. Particularly, Random Forest gained the best overall performances while the Multiple linear regression showed the same precision as the Random Forest when dealing with buildings that consume more than 200 m3/month. It is found that both methods provide satisfying estimates, leaving for potential users to choose between better performances (Random Forest) or usability (Multiple Linear Regression).
Evaluate the Prevalence, Natural Course, and Final Visual Acuity in Patients with Stages III or IV of Diffuse Lamellar Keratitis Following Laser in Situ Keratomileusis
Authors: Afshin Mansourian  , Bahman Sharifi
Published: October 2021

Background: And aim: The prevalence of DLK has been reported differently in different centers based onits severity. Hence, the aim of present study was evaluate the prevalence, natural course, and final visualacuity in patients with stages III or IV of diffuse lamellar keratitis following laser in situ keratomileusis.Methods: In the present descriptive study, 3941 eyes files from 2125 patients underwent LASIK surgery;were examined. All patients had a complete ophthalmologic examination before LASIK and had suitableconditions for LASIK.Result: Among the studied cases, 39 eyes (0.98%), out of 16 patients (0.75). The mean time intervalbetween LASIK and DLK diagnosis was 3± 2.4 days. A history of allergy was negative in all patients. Themean post-operative spherical refractive error in all eyes was in the range of 1 diopters and the averagecylindrical refractive error in 33 eyes was -0.66±1.2 diopters. The mean of final spherical refraction in34 eyes was 0.5±1.2 diopter and the mean of final cylindrical refraction in 35 eyes was -0.75±1.3 diopter.Severe turbidity at the flap surface in the first week decreased over time in all patients with stage III and IVDLK. So that only in four eyes (10.25%)Conclusion: The prevalence of stages III and IV in DLK is negligible compared to the large number ofLASIK procedures and all patients respond well to topical and systemic corticosteroid therapy.
Finding the subitizing in groupitizing: Evidence for parallel subitizing of dots and groups in grouped arrays
Authors: Wege Theresa E. , Trezise Kelly , Inglis Matthew
Published: October 2021

‘Groupitizing’ refers to the observation that visually grouped arrays can be accurately enumerated much faster than can unstructured arrays. Previous research suggests that visual grouping allows participants to draw on arithmetic abilities and possibly use mental calculations to enumerate grouped arrays quickly and accurately. Here, we address how subitizing might be involved in finding the operands for mental calculations in grouped dot arrays. We investigated whether participants can use multiple subitizing processes to enumerate both the number of dots and the number of groups in a grouped array. We found that these multiple subitizing processes can take place within 150 ms and that dots and groups seem to be subitized in parallel and with equal priority. Implications for research on mechanisms of groupitizing are discussed.