bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Model Inference of Gene Regulatory Network based on Hybrid Parallel Genetic Algorithm and Threshold Qualification Method
Authors:   School of Computer Engineering, Anhui Wenda University of Information Engineering, Hefei 231201, Anhui, China, Ding Xiaomei , Ding Huaibao ,   School of Computer Engineering, Anhui Wenda University of Information Engineering, Hefei 231201, Anhui, China, Zhou Fei ,   School of Computer Engineering, Anhui Wenda University of Information Engineering, Hefei 231201, Anhui, China
Published: March 2024

Gene regulation is the process by which various substances in cells regulate the behaviour of gene expression, thereby controlling almost all cellular activities. Therefore, studying gene regulation not only helps to uncover the internal laws governing life processes but also plays a crucial role in predicting, diagnosing, treating, and designing drugs for genetic diseases. By utilizing multi-source biological information such as gene expression profiles, transcription factor information, and protein interaction data, a network model can be developed to depict the regulatory relationships between genes, facilitating further research. To address the limitations of traditional gene regulatory network construction methods, a novel dynamic model has been created by combining hybrid genetics and threshold restriction. This model comprises two parts: solution space reduction and parameter fitting. During solution space reduction, singular value decomposition is employed to define a mathematically feasible gene regulatory network, reducing unnecessary calculations. Subsequently, the control genes of each gene are constrained within a certain range using threshold limitation, enhancing computational efficiency while adhering to bioinformatics principles. In the parameter fitting phase, parallel genetic algorithms are utilized to expediently optimize the entire solution space. The mountain climbing method is then applied to solve problems meticulously within a limited scope, improving calculation accuracy. In this study, this approach was applied to establish genetic regulatory systems for complex skin melanoma and type 2 diabetes. Through comparison with actual networks, the validity of the method was confirmed. Compared to traditional genetic and particle swarm optimization methods, the effectiveness of the proposed method was verified. This paper models the intricate mechanism of gene regulation and elucidates the regulatory process involving genes, proteins, and small biological molecules in greater detail than other models, aligning more closely with intracellular dynamics laws.
Effect of Graphene Oxide and Ammonia-modified Graphene Oxide Particles on ATPase Activity of Rat Liver Mitochondria
Authors:   Department of Electroinduced and Adhesive Properties, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria, Krasteva Natalia , Shkodrova Milena ,   Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Keremidarska-Markova Milena ,   Department of Electroinduced and Adhesive Properties, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria, Doncheva-Stoimenova Dilyana ,   Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Hristova-Panusheva Kamelia ,   Department of Electroinduced and Adhesive Properties, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria, Mishonova Milena ,   Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Chichova Mariela ,   Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia
Published: March 2024

Graphene and its derivatives have become promising materials for biomedical applications in the last decade. Before their widespread application, however, evaluating their toxicity and mechanisms underlying interactions with cellular components is imperative. Aims: Assessment of the effect of two graphene derivatives, pristine graphene oxide (GO) and ammonia-modified GO (GO-NH2) particles, on the ATPase activity of rat liver mitochondria and ROS production. Methods: Liver mitochondria were isolated from male albino rats and treated with different concentrations of GO and GO-NH2 particles (4, 10, 25, and 50 μg/ml). ATPase activity of both, intact and uncoupled by freezing/thawing mitochondria was determined by the measurement of inorganic phosphate (Pi) released from ATP. The generation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) after exposure of mitochondria to GO and GO-NH2 particles was determined by a DCFH-D assay. Results: GO and GO-NH2 particles applied at concentrations of 4 and 50 μg/ml did not affect the ATPase activity of intact mitochondria. In contrast, in uncoupled mitochondria, they demonstrated a stimulating effect on ATPase activity. The impact of GO-NH2 was more substantial and concentration-dependent. ROS production was also higher in GO-NH2-treated mitochondria. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that GO and GO-NH2 particles can exert a cytotoxic effect on mitochondria even after a short-time of exposure to both types of particles.
Octopamine integrates the status of internal energy supply into the formation of food-related memories
Authors: Berger Michael , Fraatz Michèle , Auweiler Katrin , Dorn Katharina , Khadrawe Tanna El , Scholz Henrike
Published: March 2024

The brain regulates food intake in response to internal energy demands and food availability. However, can internal energy storage influence the type of memory that is formed? We show that the duration of starvation determines whether Drosophila melanogaster forms appetitive short-term or longer-lasting intermediate memories. The internal glycogen storage in the muscles and adipose tissue influences how intensely sucrose associated information is stored. Insulin-like signaling in octopaminergic reward neurons integrates internal energy storage into memory formation. Octopamine, in turn, suppresses the formation of long-term memory. Octopamine is not required for short-term memory, because octopamine-deficient mutants can form appetitive short-term memory for sucrose and to other nutrients depending on the internal energy status. The reduced positive reinforcing effect of sucrose at high internal glycogen levels combined with the increased stability of food-related memories due to prolonged periods of starvation could lead to increased food intake.
High-resolution awake mouse fMRI at 14 Tesla
Authors: Hike David , Liu Xiaochen , Xie Zeping , Zhang Bei , Choi Sangcheon , Zhou Xiaoqing Alice , Liu Andy , Murstein Alyssa , Jiang Yuanyuan , Devor Anna , Yu Xin
Published: March 2024

High-resolution awake mouse fMRI remains challenging despite extensive efforts to address motion-induced artifacts and stress. This study introduces an implantable radiofrequency (RF) surface coil design that minimizes image distortion caused by the air/tissue interface of mouse brains while simultaneously serving as a headpost for fixation during scanning. Using a 14T scanner, high-resolution fMRI enabled brain-wide functional mapping of visual and vibrissa stimulation at 100x100x200µm resolution with a 2s per frame sampling rate. Besides activated ascending visual and vibrissa pathways, robust BOLD responses were detected in the anterior cingulate cortex upon visual stimulation and spread through the ventral retrosplenial area (VRA) with vibrissa air-puff stimulation, demonstrating higher-order sensory processing in association cortices of awake mice. In particular, the rapid hemodynamic responses in VRA upon vibrissa stimulation showed a strong correlation with the hippocampus, thalamus, and prefrontal cortical areas. Cross-correlation analysis with designated VRA responses revealed early positive BOLD signals at the contralateral barrel cortex (BC) occurring 2 seconds prior to the air-puff in awake mice with repetitive stimulation, which was not detectable with the randomized stimulation paradigm. This early BC activation indicated learned anticipation through the vibrissa system and association cortices in awake mice under continuous training of repetitive air-puff stimulation. This work establishes a high-resolution awake mouse fMRI platform, enabling brain-wide functional mapping of sensory signal processing in higher association cortical areas.This awake mouse fMRI platform was developed by implementing an advanced implantable radiofrequency (RF) coil scheme, which simultaneously served as a headpost to secure the mouse head during scanning. The ultra-high spatial resolution (100x100x200µm) BOLD fMRI enabled the brain-wide mapping of activated visual and vibrissa systems during sensory stimulation in awake mice, including association cortices, e.g. anterior cingulate cortex and retrosplenial cortex, for high order sensory processing. Also, the activation of barrel cortex at 2 s prior to the air-puff indicated a learned anticipation of awake mice under continuous training of the repetitive vibrissa stimulation.
DHCR24-mediated sterol homeostasis during spermatogenesis is required for sperm mitochondrial sheath formation and impacts male fertility over time
Authors: Relovska Sona , Wang Huafeng , Zhang Xinbo , Fernández-Tussy Pablo , Jeong Kyung Jo , Choi Jungmin , Suárez Yajaira , McDonald Jeffrey G. , Fernández-Hernando Carlos , Chung Jean-Ju
Published: March 2024

Desmosterol and cholesterol are essential lipid components of the sperm plasma membrane. Cholesterol efflux is required for capacitation, a process through which sperm acquire fertilizing ability. In this study, using a transgenic mouse model overexpressing 24-dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR24), an enzyme in the sterol biosynthesis pathway responsible for the conversion of desmosterol to cholesterol, we show that disruption of sterol homeostasis during spermatogenesis led to defective sperm morphology characterized by incomplete mitochondrial packing in the midpiece, reduced sperm count and motility, and a decline in male fertility with increasing paternal age, without changes in body fat composition. Sperm depleted of desmosterol exhibit inefficiency in the acrosome reaction, metabolic dysfunction, and an inability to fertilize the egg. These findings provide molecular insights into sterol homeostasis for sperm capacitation and its impact on male fertility.
Root cap cell corpse clearance limits microbial colonization in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Charura Nyasha M. , Llamas Ernesto , Quattro Concetta De , Vilchez David , Nowack Moritz K. , Zuccaro Alga
Published: March 2024

Programmed cell death occurring during plant development (dPCD) is a fundamental process integral for plant growth and reproduction. Here, we investigate the connection between developmentally controlled PCD and fungal accommodation in
Arabidopsis thaliana
roots, focusing on the root cap-specific transcription factor ANAC033/SOMBRERO (SMB) and the senescence-associated nuclease BFN1. Mutations of both dPCD regulators increase colonization by the beneficial fungus
Serendipita indica
, primarily in the differentiation zone.
smb-3
mutants additionally exhibit hypercolonization around the meristematic zone and a delay of
S. indica
-induced root-growth promotion. This demonstrates that root cap dPCD and rapid post-mortem clearance of cellular corpses represent a physical defense mechanism restricting microbial invasion of the root. Additionally, reporter lines and transcriptional analysis revealed that
BFN1
expression is downregulated during
S. indica
colonization in mature root epidermal cells, suggesting transcriptional control as a means for microbial regulation of host dPCD.

The process of programmed cell death in root development (dPCD) influences the extent and outcomes of fungal symbiosisFungal colonization of the root tip and differentiation zone is restricted by SMB-mediated clearance of dead cells, which preserves the meristem and regulates symbiosisThe plant nuclease BFN1, which is associated with senescence, is exploited by beneficial microbes to facilitate their root accommodation
Improvement of rejection band with Defected Microstrip Line and Ground plane Resonators
Authors: Roy Choudhury S.
Published: March 2024

In this paper first a dual band bandstop filter is proposed using a unique spiral defect at the signal plane for Wi-Fi communication and remote sensing applications. The spiral defects is studied, simulated and measured. Next proposed spiral defect is combined with the hexagonal head defected resonators at ground plane to improve the rejection band. In addition a study is also done to observe the effects of the proposed defects at both signal plane and ground plane. A comparison is done among the response of individual defects filters and combined defect filter. It is observed that later shows improved overall bandwidth with compactness. The proposed combined defect filter with improved stopband displays 92.6% FBW and 112.5 dB/GHz sharpness factor with very compact in size as 0.26 λ0 × 0.25 λ0. All measurement results are in good agreement with the simulated results.
Optic disc and cup segmentation for glaucoma detection using Attention U-Net incorporating residual mechanism
Authors: Chen Yuanyuan , Bai Yongpeng , Zhang Yifan
Published: March 2024

Glaucoma is a common eye disease that can cause blindness. Accurate detection of the optic disc and cup disc is crucial for glaucoma diagnosis. Algorithm models based on artificial intelligence can assist doctors in improving detection performance. In this article, U-Net is used as the backbone network, and the attention and residual modules are integrated to construct an end-to-end convolutional neural network model for optic disc and cup disc segmentation. The U-Net backbone is used to infer the basic position information of optic disc and cup disc, the attention module enhances the model’s ability to represent and extract features of optic disc and cup disc, and the residual module alleviates gradient disappearance or explosion that may occur during feature representation of the neural network. The proposed model is trained and tested on the DRISHTI-GS1 dataset. Results show that compared with the original U-Net method, our model can more effectively separate optic disc and cup disc in terms of overlap error, sensitivity, and specificity.
La función social en la regulación del suelo urbano y rural desde la praxis judicial
Authors: Otarola Espinoza Yasna
Published: March 2024

El presente artículo analiza el concepto de dominio desde la regulación dada por el Código Civil y su vinculación con la propiedad en cuanto derecho consagrado en la Constitución Política de la República. Lo anterior,con el objeto de confirmar o desechar la hipótesis de que la actual regulación inmobiliaria se adecúa a la función social que cumple el suelo urbano o rural. La configuración de la propiedad en la actualidad no integra solo facultades, sino también obligaciones y cargas, confirmando que el derecho de propiedad en cuanto a su ejercicio individual –y puesto al servicio de su titular– es compatible con la idea de función social. Considerando esta función, mientras el legislador establece limitaciones y cargas al derecho depropiedad, la Administración progresa en su configuración y delimitación.
El Mercado Integrado Latinoamericano, desafíos pendientes
Authors: Gallegos Zúñiga Jaime
Published: March 2024

Este trabajo, a la luz del reciente anuncio de fusión de las bolsas de comercio de Santiago, Lima y Colombia, busca exponer la evolución y los desafíos que presenta el Mercado Integrado Latinoamericano, propuesta que congrega además de las referidas entidades, a la bolsa de México, y a sus depósitos centralizados de estos cuatro países, que ya lleva más de doce años de funcionamiento.Los resultados de esta última iniciativa no han sido del todo promisorios, cuestión que obedece, entre otros aspectos a la falta de ajustes y armonizaciones normativas en distintos ámbitos, como el societario y tributario, orgánicos, cambiarios y de control, cuestiones que deben ser especialmente tenidas en cuenta si se quiere obtener mejores rendimientos con la fusión bursátil referida.
Reading the Design-Consumption Relationship through the Main Fictional Space of the Mon Oncle Movie, Villa Arpel
Authors: BULDAÇ Merve
Published: March 2024

Tüketme eylemi yaşamın her noktasında varlığını gösteren canlı bir yapıya sahiptir. Geçmişten bugüne bireyler çeşitli ihtiyaçlarını karşılayabilmek için istemli/istemsiz birçok şeyi tüketme eğilimi göstermiş, göstermeye de devam etmektedir.
Özellikle küreselleşme ve kapitalizm gibi kavramların toplumlar üzerindeki etkisi tüketim davranışlarını da farklı bir boyuta taşımıştır. Bu davranışların, her disiplin çerçevesinde tartışıldığı gibi iç mimarlık disipliniyle olan
ilişkisi üzerinde de durulmaktadır. İlk çağlarda salt barınma ve yeme-içme gibi temel ihtiyaçları yerine getirme kaygısıyla oluşturulmuş sınırları belirli alanlar, gelişen- değişen-dönüşen zaman, malzeme, teknoloji ile farklı mekansal
kurgularla bireylere hizmet etmeye başlamıştır. Özellikle sanayileşmeyle birlikte insanlar sahip olduklarının bir adım daha ötesine geçebilmek arzusuyla mekanları ve eş zamanlı olarak mekanları oluşturan diğer öğeleri de (mobilya,
tekstik, malzeme, aksesuar vb.) hızlı bir şekilde tüketmeye başlamışlardır. Bu çalışmada da tüketim kavramının, çalışmanın örneklemini oluşturan ve endüstrileşmeyle yaygınlaşan modernizme dikkat çeken 1958 yapımı Mon Oncle filmi
ana kurgusal mekanlarından Villa Arpel üzerinden değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Geleneksel olandan yeniye doğru geçişte değişen yaşam biçimleri üzerinden tüketim kavramının geldiği nokta, filmde eleştirel ve düşündüren bir
dille izleyiciye sunulmaktadır. Çalışmanın yönteminde nitel araştırma tekniği olarak literatür taraması yapılmış, elde edilen veriler işlenmiş ve yorumlanmıştır. Yorumlanan veriler neticesinde elde edilen bulgular, çalışmaya örneklem
olan Villa Arpel’e ilişkin güçlü mekânsal kurgu üzerinden, bireylerde oluşan tüketme içgüdüsünün, içinde bulunulan yüzyılda da geçerliliğini koruduğunu/sürdürdüğünü okuyucuya düşündürmek açısından önem taşımaktadır.
The Reflectıons Of Anatolıan-Balkan Interactıons On The Archıtecture From The Neolıtıc Perıod To The Early Bronze Age
Authors: ÜNAR Şükrü
Published: March 2024

Stratejik konumu sebebiyle kültürlerin kavşak noktasında yer alan Anadolu, topluluğa ev sahipliği yapmış ve yine bu sebeple çevre kültürlerle yoğun bir sosyo- ekonomik, politik ve kültürel etkileşim içinde yer almıştır. Yakın geçmişe
değin şahit olduğumuz Anadolu-Balkan kültürel ilişkilerinin kökeni Prehistorik Döneme kadar uzanmaktadır. Anadolu Coğrafyasında Erken Kalkolitik Dönem ve Balkan Coğrafyasında Erken Neolitik Dönem boyunca mimari ilişkiler tespit
edilmiştir. Ege Bölgesi, Trakya, Makedonya ve Tesalya bölgelerinde ortaya çıkan yerleşim yerlerinde açığa çıkartılan Dal-örgü tekniği, iç payandalı, kerpiç ve taş subasman duvarlı yapılar bu etkileşimin kanıtı niteliğindedir. MÖ.
5500 yıllarda Doğu Balkanlarda mimari olarak önceki dönemlerin bir devamı niteliğinde yerleşimler gözükürken, Balkanların batısında ilk köy yerleşimleri kurulmaya başlamıştır. MÖ. 5500 yıllarda Anadolu’da özellikle Marmara bölgesi
ve Ege kıyısında yer alan Balkan yerleşim yerlerinin çoğu büyük oranda terk edilmiştir. En belirgin şekilde Neolitik Dönemden itibaren karşımıza çıkan kültürel etkileşime dair bulgular Erken Tunç Çağında yoğunluk kazanmaktadır.
Söz konusu etkileşim en yoğun şekilde mimari geleneklerde görülmektedir. Söz konusu bu mimari gelenekler Balkanlar-Kuzeybatı Anadolu ile Kıta Yunanistan ve Kıyı Ege –Batı Anadolu arasındaki kültürel ilişkiler ekseninde ele alınacak
ve mimari yapılar onları şekillendiren unsurlar açısından değerlendirilecektir. Zaman içinde mimari yapılarda meydana gelen değişimlerin sosyo-ekonomik ve kültürel ortamdan ve toplumsal yapıdaki değişimlerden ne derece etkilendiği
arkeolojik veriler çerçevesinde tartışılacaktır.
Bibliometric Analysis of Theses on the American Board Missionary Organization
Authors: SAATCİ İZCİ Büşra , HALAÇ Hicran Hanım
Published: March 2024

Osmanlı Devleti’nde tarih boyunca farklı inançlara ve farklı kültürlere sahip insanların bir arada yaşamasından dolayı misyonerlik faaliyetleri farklı örgütler tarafından yapılmıştır. Bu örgütlerden birisi de 1810 yılında kurulan American
Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM) kısa adı ile Amerikan Board Misyonerlik Örgütü’dür. 1820 yılında Osmanlı Devleti’ne giriş yapan Protestan örgüt Osmanlı Devleti’nde geniş bir yayılım alanı bulmuştur. Çalışmanın
amacı Amerikan Board’a dair üretilen tezlerin bibliyometrik analizini ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Aralık 2022-Ocak 2023 tarihleri arasında yapılan Ulusal Tez Merkezinde yapılan aramalar yapılmış ve çalışma kapsamını
oluşturan 51 teze ulaşılmıştır. Tezler; türüne, yayınlandıkları tarihe, yayınlanan dil durumuna, tez künyesinde yer alan konu dağılımlarına, üretildiği üniversitelere, üretildiği enstitülere, üretildiği anabilim dallarına, danışman
unvanına, danışman adına, anahtar kelimelerine, sayfa sayısına, konu içeriğine, örgütün faaliyet alanına göre konu dağılımına, konu edinilen yer isimlerine, konu edinilen okul ve yapı adına, kullanılan kaynakların dil durumuna
ve kaynak türüne göre analiz edilmiştir. Ulaşılan sonuçlar doğrultusunda Amerikan Board ile ilgili tez çalışmalarına genel bir bakış sağlanmış bu konuyla ilgili hangi üniversite ve öğretim elamanlarının yoğun olarak çalıştığı,
hangi kaynaklara çoğunlukla başvurulduğuna dair sonuçlar ve sonuçlarına tablolarda yer verilmiştir. Ulaşılan sonuçlar doğrultusunda Amerikan Board ile ilgili tez çalışmalarına genel bir bakış sağlanmış bu konuyla ilgili hangi üniversite
ve öğretim elamanlarının yoğun olarak çalıştığı, hangi kaynaklara çoğunlukla başvurulduğuna dair sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Çalışmanın bu konu doğrultusunda daha sonrasında üretilecek çalışmalara rehber etmesi hedeflenmektedir.
Zawiyahs of Amasya in the Hurufat Records
Authors: ALANDAĞLI Murat
Published: March 2024

Amasya tarihsel olarak oldukça köklü bir iskan tarihine sahiptir. Etrafını sarmalayan yüksek dağlar ve ortasındaki nehir ile adeta doğal bir korunak alanını andırmaktadır. Bu nedenle pek çok uygarlığın önemli merkezlerinden biri olmuştur.
Türklerin Anadolu’yu yurt edinme süreçlerinin önemli duraklarındandır. XIII. yüzyılda Amasya çevresinde kümelenen Türkmenler dinî, ekonomik ve sosyo-kültürel sebeplerle Selçuklu idaresine karşı isyan başlatmışlardır. Bölgenin Osmanlı
idaresine geçişiyle birlikte şehzade sancaklarından biri olmuştur. Fakat Selçuklu dönemini aratmayacak ölçüdeki Celalî huzursuzluğu Amasya’da baş göstermiştir. XV-XVI. yüzyıl tahrir defterleri ile XIX. yüzyıl nüfus ve temettuat
kayıtları bağlamında Amasya’nın nüfus, iskan ve ekonomik tarihini inceleyen hayli fazla çalışma bulunmaktadır. Fakat XVII. ve XVIII. yüzyılı kapsayacak çalışma sayısı oldukça azdır. Bu durum belirtilen dönemlere ait arşiv malzemesinden
kaynaklanmaktadır. Zâviyeler bir bölgedeki iskanın oluşması ve gelişmesi için oldukça önemli dinî, sosyo-kültürel ve ticarî kurumlardır. Genellikle ıssız dağ etekleri veya önemli yol güzergâhlarındaki geçitlerde inşa edilmişlerdir.
Anadolu ve Rumeli’nin iskanında zâviyelerin önemli rol oynadıkları açıktır. Çalışma iki temel üzerine kuruludur. Bunlardan ilki önemli bir Türkmen havzası olmakla birlikte Selçuklu ve Osmanlı idarelerinin kimi politikalarına karşı
protest akımların ortaya çıktığı Amasya’daki zâviyeleri mercek altına almaktır. Bu vesileyle bölgedeki bu yapının zâviyelerin oluşumu veya itikadî düşüncelerine dair bir etkisinin olup olmadığı anlaşılmış olacaktır. İkincisi ise
kullanılan kaynak grubuyla ilgilidir. Nitekim daha ziyade kent tarihi araştırmalarında kullanılan hurufat defterleri merkeze alınarak Amasya’daki zâviyelere dair bir pencere açılacaktır. Yer yer XVI. yüzyıl dünyasından görüntülerin
yer aldığı bu pencereden XVII. ve XVIII. yüzyılları da kapsayan Amasya zâviyelerinin isimleri, kuruldukları mahalle ve köyleri, kurucu zâviyedarları, vakıfları, cami ve mescitleri ile görevlilerine dair bulgular sergilenecektir.
Böylece tahrir, nüfus ve temettuat kayıtlarının ağırlıklı olduğu Amasya temalı çalışmaların hurufat kayıtları bağlamında XVII. ve XVIII. yüzyıla dair örneklerin de ilavesiyle renklendirilmesi sağlanacaktır.
Horse-drawn Chariot Races in the Ancient Greek Roman Civilization
Authors: MUTLU Gülseren
Published: March 2024

Antik dünya spor karşılaşmaları ve rekabet oyunlarının tarihi yaklaşık MÖ 3000’lü yıllara uzanmaktadır. Günümüz sporlarını anımsatan bu aktivitelerin MÖ 776 Antik Yunan Olimpiyat oyunlarından çok önceleri yapıldığı tarihçiler tarafından
kabul edilmektedir. Antik Yunan aristokrat toplumu sahip oldukları en güçlü ve en hızlı atı belirleme isteklerini kalabalık bir topluluğun desteği ve coşkusu ile eğlenceli hale getirmek istemiştir. Bu istek insan doğasında var
olan, ait olma ya da bir bütünün parçası olma duygusuyla birleşince sosyal buluşma ve bir etkinlik olarak hız sporları ve yarışlara dönüşmüştür. Antik Çağlar boyunca popülerliğini korumuş olan atlı araba yarışları, ortaya koyduğu
heyecan, ölümlerle sonuçlanabilecek risk faktörü bakımından günümüz Formula1 yarışlarına benzetilmiştir. Yarışlarda duyulan dehşet ve heyecanın hız tutkunu Romalılar için taşıdığı anlam ve yaşanan kıyasıya mücadele, rekabet duygularının
tatmini için önemli olmuştur. Organizasyon için harcanan bütçe ve arenaların ihtişamı da oldukça devasadır. Antik kaynaklar atlı araba yarışlarının toplum üzerinde yarattığı etki, yarışmanın ortaya koyduğu coşku ve heyecanı çok
güzel anlatmışlardır. Atlı araba yarışlarının ilk nerede ve ne şekilde yapıldığına dair net bilgiler olmasa da MÖ 3000’li yıllarda savaş arabası olarak kullanılan at ve arabanın zaman içerisinde gündelik yaşamda spor karşılaşmalarına
evrilmiş olması düşüncesi yaygın görüş olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Nitekim Bizans Dönemin’de olimpiyat oyunları ve gladyatör dövüşleri eski popülerliğini kaybederken atlı araba yarışları önemini koruyarak devam ettirmiştir.
Sustainable Graphic Design Education: Evaluations on Course Projects
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Ayşe İRİ
Published: March 2024

Sürdürülebilirlik, insanların ihtiyaçlarını her yönüyle doğaya zarar vermeden karşılamayı ve doğal kaynakları koruyarak nesilden nesile aktarmayı hedefleyen bir sistemdir. Bu sistemin temel amacı, insanların tüketim alışkanlıklarını
yaşam kalitelerini etkilemeden sürdürülebilir bir forma dönüştürmektir. Günümüzde çevresel sorunların ciddiyetinin artması ve sürdürülebilirliğin önemi nedeniyle üniversite eğitimi de değişmektedir. Bu nedenle üniversitelerde sürdürülebilirliği
tanıma ve uygulamaya yönelik sürdürülebilirlik eğitimi, öğrencilerin sürdürülebilirliği tanıma ve uygulama sorumluluğu almalarını, öğrencilere sürdürülebilirlik kavramını aşılamayı, tutumlarını değiştirmeyi ve buna teşvik etmeyi
gerektirmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Güzel Sanatlar Fakültesi Grafik ve Görsel İletişim Tasarımı bölümleri lisans eğitimi kapsamında 'Sürdürülebilir Grafik Tasarımı' ders projeleri ele alınmıştır. Sürdürülebilir
grafik tasarım dersi kapsamında ‘Sıfır atık’ teması göz önünde tutularak, sürdürülebilirlik için gerekli bilgi, beceri ve sorumlulukları geliştiren projelere odaklanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, sürdürülebilir grafik tasarımın
önemine dikkat çekmek ve sürdürülebilir grafik tasarımı dersi kapsamında yürütülen projelerin sürdürülebilirlik için gerekli bilgi, beceri ve sorumlulukları nasıl geliştirdiğini incelemektir. Ayrıca, çalışmanın sürdürülebilir tasarım
uygulamaları hakkında bilgi edinmek isteyen akademisyenler için bir referans kaynağı olması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, sürdürülebilir öğrenci projelerinin görsel olarak incelenmesi için nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan
betimsel veri analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Sıfır atık teması göz önünde bulundurularak tasarlanan projelerin, sürdürülebilir ürün tasarımı açısından önemli adımlar olduğu araştırmanın bulgusu olarak ortaya çıkmıştır.
Jaundice and Treatment Options: Knowledge, Views and Current Practices among Caregivers of Children Attending a Teaching Hospital in Owerri, Nigeria
Authors: Joseph Ezeogu , Kingsley Asinobi , Noela Okeji Chidimma , Theresa Chimah Chioma
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Neonatal jaundice (neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia), characterized by yellowish discoloration of the skin and sclera of newborn infants is caused by high serum bilirubin levels. Amongst infants, it is an important cause of preventable brain injury, mental handicap, physical disabilities and death; arising from poor understanding that leads to dangerous delays in seeking care and imitating appropriate management.
Objective: To evaluate the perception, knowledge, practices and attitudes of mothers related to neonatal jaundice (NNJ).
Methods: Convenience sampling technique was used to obtain data from consecutive parents who attended the well child/immunization clinic of the Federal Teaching Hospital Owerri, Nigeria, from January 2023 to April 2023. A structured questionnaire was utilized to assess knowledge, attitude and treatment related to neonatal jaundice.
Results: The valid response rate was 80%.Of the participating parents, 92.8% had knowledge about neonatal jaundice and this was associated with class I socioeconomic class (OR 11.88 95% CI:1.85to76.18) while 54.4% of the respondents acknowledged jaundice as an emergency.Knowledge of jaundice as an emergency was associated with a high education level (i.e. university degree or its equivalent; OR=8.33, 95% CI: 2.70 to 25.00, p=0.001), prior education on neonatal jaundice (OR=3.62, 95% CI: 1.64 to 7.99, p=0.001) and male babies (OR=1.71, 95% CI: 1.12 to 2.62, p=0.013). Although 62.3% of the participants recognized blood group/rhesus incompatibility as a cause of neonatal jaundice, 22.5% of them did not know neonatal jaundice was dangerous. Of the 243 whose wards had had jaundice, 78.6% recognized yellow eyes as a sign of jaundice, with 38.8% of them being managed in places other than a health facility. Amongst the participants, 71(45.1%) recognized the two effective treatment methods for neonatal jaundice. Thirteen (4.1%) of the participants knew that awareness could be created through the social media. Modest negative correlations between the knowledge of jaundice, its awareness as an emergency and the eventual outcome were observed (Kendall’s tau-b (tb) = -0.187, p =.033 and tb= -0.254, p <.001, respectively).
Conclusion: Most of the subjects in this study had knowledge about jaundice and about half recognized it as an emergency. A large proportion of them were unaware of the effective treatment methods. Therefore, there is a critical need for better awareness through targeted public enlightenment and educational programs.
Evolution of Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Resistance of Al-Zn-Mg Alloy with Different Numbers of Flame Rectification at 350°C
Authors: Wang Yaqiang , Liu Xin , Guo Dan , Li Shuai
Published: March 2024

This paper investigated the microstructure, tensile properties, intergranular corrosion resistance and exfoliation corrosion resistance of Al-4.5Zn-1.5Mg (wt.%) alloy after undergoing different numbers of flame rectification at 350°C. The results showed that in the flame correction area, the mechanical properties of Al-4.5Zn-1.5Mg(wt.%) alloy with two times of flame correction is the best. The maximum tensile strength and elongation of Al-4.5Zn-1.5Mg(wt.%) alloy inside the region of flame correction are 387MPa and 26.37% respectively. The flame rectification accelerated the corrosion susceptibility of Al-4.5Zn-1.5Mg (wt.%) alloy. The maximum intergranular corrosion depth is detected with the value of 105μm after one time of FR. The corrosion property of Al-4.5Zn-1.5Mg(wt.%) alloy is mainly related to the formation of galvanic couple. The uneven distribution of the second phase particles of Al-4.5Zn-1.5Mg(wt.%) alloys results in different corrosion potentials at grain boundaries and within grains, leading to galvanic corrosion.
Efficient Design of Gun-Tube Considering Inner Pressure of Bore
Authors: Kim Eubin , Kim Gyubin , Park Eun Gyo , Oh Seok-Hwan , Roh Tae-Seong , Cho Jin Yeon
Published: March 2024

Artillery gun tube experiences very high pressure according to the blast of propellant charge. Therfore, it is essential to guarantee the structural safety of the gun tube. On the other hand, weight reduction of gun tube is also a crucial design factor since the agility of artillery vehicle directly leads to its survivability. In this line of thought, this work proposed an efficient design procedure which utilizes the convex combination of breech pressure and projectile base pressure time histories. Its efficiency is verified by comparing with other procedures. Other procedures utilize different computed max pressure rather than the convex combination design pressure. Additionally, a transient analysis is carried out considering the projectile movement and the corresponding pressure distribution through the newly developed ABAQUS user-subroutine. The analysis confirms the structural safety of the lightweight gun tube designed by the proposed method.
Generating Synthetic Raman Spectra of DMMP and 2-CEES by Mathematical Transforms and Deep Generative Models
Authors: Park Sungwon , Jeong Boseong , Kim Hongjoong
Published: March 2024

To build an automated system detecting toxic chemicals from Raman spectra, we have to obtain sufficient data of toxic chemicals. However, it usually costs high to gather Raman spectra of toxic chemicals in diverse situations. Tackling this problem, we develop methods to generate synthetic Raman spectra of DMMP and 2-CEES without actual experiments. First, we propose certain mathematical transforms to augment few original Raman spectra. Then, we train deep generative models to generate more realistic and diverse data. Analyzing synthetic Raman spectra of toxic chemicals generated by our methods through visualization, we qualitatively verify that the data are sufficiently similar to original data and diverse. For conclusion, we obtain a synthetic dataset of DMMP and 2-CEES with the proposed algorithm.
Use of employer administrative databases to identify systematic causes of injury in aluminum manufacturing
Authors: Pollack Keshia M. , Agnew Jacqueline , Slade Martin D. , Cantley Linda , Taiwo Oyebode , Vegso Sally , Sircar Kanta , Cullen Mark R.
Published: August 2007

Background

Employer administrative files are an underutilized source of data in epidemiologic studies of occupational injuries.

Methods

Personnel files, occupational health surveillance data, industrial hygiene data, and a real‐time incident and injury management system from a large multi‐site aluminum manufacturer were linked deterministically. An ecological‐level measure of physical job demand was also linked. This method successfully created a database containing over 100 variables for 9,101 hourly employees from eight geographically dispersed U.S. plants.

Results

Between 2002 and 2004, there were 3,563 traumatic injuries to 2,495 employees. The most common injuries were sprain/strains (32%), contusions (24%), and lacerations (14%). A multivariable logistic regression model revealed that physical job demand was the strongest predictor of injury risk, in a dose dependent fashion. Other strong predictors of injury included female gender, young age, short company tenure and short time on current job.

Conclusions

Employer administrative files are a useful source of data, as they permit the exploration of risk factors and potential confounders that are not included in many population‐based surveys. The ability to link employer administrative files with injury surveillance data is a valuable analysis strategy for comprehensively studying workplace injuries, identifying salient risk factors, and targeting workforce populations disproportionately affected. Am. J. Ind. Med. 50:676–686, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The influence of coping styles and perceived control on emotional distress in persons at risk for a hereditary heart disease
Authors: Hoedemaekers Elly , Jaspers Jan P.C. , Van Tintelen J. Peter
Published: August 2007

This prospective study investigates the influence of two coping styles (monitoring and blunting) and perceived control (health locus of control and mastery) on emotional distress in persons at risk of a hereditary cardiac disease. Emotional distress in people at risk for a hereditary cardiac disease does not differ from the normal population, neither before nor after disclosure of the DNA‐or clinical test results. Less monitoring reflects less emotional distress before the results of the DNA‐test or clinical investigations are known, while a stronger feeling of mastery reflects less emotional distress both before and after the results of the tests are known. These results indicate that the negative effect of monitoring is temporary. Mastery is a more powerful predictor than health locus of control in this situation. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A previously unrecognized microdeletion syndrome on chromosome 22 band q11.2 encompassing the BCR gene
Authors: Mikhail Fady M. , Descartes Maria , Piotrowski Arkadiusz , Andersson Robin , Diaz de Ståhl Teresita , Komorowski Jan , Bruder Carl E.G. , Dumanski Jan P. , Carroll Andrew J.
Published: August 2007

Susceptibility of the chromosome 22q11.2 region to rearrangements has been recognized on the basis of common clinical disorders such as the DiGeorge/velocardiofacial syndrome (DG/VCFs). Recent evidence has implicated low‐copy repeats (LCRs); also known as segmental duplications; on 22q as mediators of nonallelic homologous recombination (NAHR) that result in rearrangements of 22q11.2. It has been shown that both deletion and duplication events can occur as a result of NAHR caused by unequal crossover of LCRs. Here we report on the clinical, cytogenetic and array CGH studies of a 15‐year‐old Hispanic boy with history of learning and behavior problems. We suggest that he represents a previously unrecognized microdeletion syndrome on chromosome 22 band q11.2 just telomeric to the DG/VCFs typically deleted region and encompassing the BCR gene. Using a 32K BAC array CGH chip we were able to refine and precisely narrow the breakpoints of this microdeletion, which was estimated to be 1.55–1.92 Mb in size and to span approximately 20 genes. This microdeletion region is flanked by LCR clusters containing several modules with a very high degree of sequence homology (>95%), and therefore could play a causal role in its origin. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Combining molecular dynamics and chemical process simulation: the SPEAD model
Authors: Elliott J. Richard , Gerek Z. Nevin , Gray Neil
Published: August 2007

Discontinuous molecular dynamics simulation and thermodynamic perturbation theory have been used to study the thermodynamic and transport properties of a large number of organic compounds. The fundamental basis of the approach relies on a stepwise characterization of the disperse interactions and blister potentials for hydrogen bonding. It has been demonstrated that these types of attractive interactions can be quantitatively treated by thermodynamic perturbation theory (TPT). The vapor pressure is predicted to roughly 10% average error with reduced temperatures generally extending to 0.45 while applying transferable characterizations of the molecular interaction potentials. For branched, aromatic, and naphthenic compounds, it is necessary to distinguish between primary, secondary, and tertiary bonding of the attached group as well as the branched site. One key to this accuracy is the distinction between isomers at the molecular level by the rigorous molecular dynamics simulation of the repulsive part of the potential. The molecular dynamics simulations also permit predictions of transport properties. The transport results account for the repulsive structure, branching, bond angles, etc. through rigorous molecular simulation but there is no theory for transport properties comparable to TPT. Therefore, predictions for transport properties are semiempirical in the sense that attractive forces have been correlated with experimental data. The accuracy for diffusivity is within 30% for non‐associative species. Disperse attractions appear to play a significant role in transport properties. Copyright © 2007 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Maërl community in the north‐western Iberian Peninsula: a review of floristic studies and long‐term changes
Authors: Peña Viviana , Bárbara Ignacio
Published: August 2007

A review of floristic studies on the Galician maërl community (north‐west Spain) and updated information on the distribution of maërl beds, their associated flora and long‐term changes is presented.

The Galician maërl community has been poorly studied; most of the previous studies were of short duration and focused on isolated beds. Studies on the associated maërl flora and overall Galician maërl bed distribution are required to put these in context with other Atlantic and Mediterranean European areas.

A literature review of all Galician studies produced a list of 198 maërl associated species (204 infraspecific taxa including life history stages) recorded from a total of 111 maërl beds. The current survey (2003–2006) increased the Galician maërl epiflora records to 226 species (232 intraspecific taxa including life history stages: 9 Cyanophyta, 160 Rhodophyta, 36 Heterokontophyta and 27 Chlorophyta), highlighting the occurrence of 10 non‐native species. The current Galician catalogue is compared with maërl studies from different Atlantic and Mediterranean regions.

In order to assess the long‐term changes in Galician maërl beds and their conservation status, 60 maërl beds which have been previously studied by various different workers were resampled to compare their current distribution, area and cover with historical data from the literature.

A reduction in the study area of maërl beds and their cover was detected. Most of the lost maërl areas were within or in the vicinity of myticulture areas where burial of maërl by fine sediment has a deleterious effect.

Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mining related queries from Web search engine query logs using an improved association rule mining model
Authors: Shi Xiaodong , Yang Christopher C.
Published: August 2007

With the overwhelming volume of information, the task of finding relevant information on a given topic on the Web is becoming increasingly difficult. Web search engines hence become one of the most popular solutions available on the Web. However, it has never been easy for novice users to organize and represent their information needs using simple queries. Users have to keep modifying their input queries until they get expected results. Therefore, it is often desirable for search engines to give suggestions on related queries to users. Besides, by identifying those related queries, search engines can potentially perform optimizations on their systems, such as query expansion and file indexing. In this work we propose a method that suggests a list of related queries given an initial input query. The related queries are based in the query log of previously submitted queries by human users, which can be identified using an enhanced model of association rules. Users can utilize the suggested related queries to tune or redirect the search process. Our method not only discovers the related queries, but also ranks them according to the degree of their relatedness. Unlike many other rival techniques, it also performs reasonably well on less frequent input queries.
Understanding information related fields: A conceptual framework
Authors: Zhang Ping , Benjamin Robert I.
Published: August 2007

Many scientific fields share common interests for research and education. Yet, very often, these fields do not communicate to each other and are unaware of the work in other fields. Understanding the commonalities and differences among related fields can broaden our understanding of the interested phenomena from various perspectives, better utilize resources, enhance collaboration, and eventually move the related fields forward together.

In this article, we present a conceptual framework, namely the Information‐Model or I‐model, to describe various aspects of information related fields. We consider this a timely effort in light of the evolutions of several information related fields and a set of questions related to the identities of these fields. It is especially timely in defining the newly formed Information Field from a community of twenty some information schools. We posit that the information related fields are built on a number of other fields but with their own unique foci and concerns. That is, core components from other fundamental fields interact and integrate with each other to form dynamic and interesting information related fields that all have to do with information, technology, people, and organization/society. The conceptual framework can have a number of uses. Besides providing a unified view of these related fields, it can be used to examine old case studies, recent research projects, educational programs and curricula concerns, as well as to illustrate the commonalities and differences with the information related fields.
Timelines of creativity: A study of intellectual innovators in information science
Authors: Cronin Blaise , Meho Lokman I.
Published: August 2007

We explore the relationship between creativity and both chronological and professional age in information science using a novel bibliometric approach that allows us to capture the shape of a scholar's career. Our approach draws on D.W. Galenson's (2006) analyses of artistic creativity, notably his distinction between conceptual and experimental innovation, and also H.C. Lehman's (1953) seminal study of the relationship between stage of career and outstanding performance. The data presented here suggest that creativity is expressed in different ways, at different times, and with different intensities in academic information science.
Characterizing Web users' online information behavior
Authors: Huang Chun‐Yao , Shen Yung‐Cheng , Chiang I‐Ping , Lin Chen‐Shun
Published: August 2007

Although the body of literature pertaining to the study of micro, context‐specific behavior on the Web is growing, there lacks a global, macro analysis as to the behavioral dimensions of Web users' online activities. In an attempt to fill in the gap, this study proposes a three‐dimensional, cubic typology for the characterization of Web users' online information behavior. We discuss a set of hypotheses concerning the relationships among these dimensions as well as those between these dimensions and related behavioral aspects. Online panel data consisting of month‐long clickstreams of 2,022 Web users obtained from InsightXplore, Taiwan are made available for the empirical validation of the hypotheses. We found that a Web user's width (i.e., number of categories of Web sites explored), length (i.e., number of sites visited per category), and depth (i.e., number of pages downloaded per site) of online information behavior are highly correlated. Furthermore, these three dimensions of the behavioral “cube” are positively associated with speed of navigation, but negatively associated with the Web users' explicit online information search propensity and the degree of relatedness among the sites they visited.