bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi konservatisme akuntansi
Authors: Sinambela Maria Oktavia Elizabeth , Almilia Luciana Spica
Published: December 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji pengaruh faktor ukuran perusahaan, risiko perusahaan, intensitas modal, pajak, komite audit, kepemilikan manajerial dan risiko litigasi terhadap konservatisma akuntansi. Data penelitian ini adalah data sekunder dari Bursa Efek Indonesia dan data harga saham harian dari Yahoo Finance.  Sampel penelitian ini adalah 192 data observasi. Pengujian penelitian menggunakan statistik deskriptif, asumsi klasik dan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ukuran perusahaan, risiko perusahaan, risiko perusahaan, risiko litigasi, debt covenant, komite audit, kepemilikan manajerial tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap konservatisma akuntansi. Variabel pajak dan intensitas modal berpengaruh negative terhadap konservatisma akuntansi.
Conversión y reforma desde Medellín
Authors: Palafox Cruz Alejandro Ernesto
Published: December 2018

Lo presente artículo hace una verificación de las contribuciones de Medellín e de otros documentos magisteriales acerca de dos elementos constituyentes del proceso histórico de la Iglesia: conversión y reforma, o mejor dicho: conversión y renovación. Por eso, en nuestro recorrido presentamos primero la relación intrínseca entre estos dos momentos. Después presentamos el sentir de Medellín a respeto de la conversión y de la renovación para, en seguida, considerar las reformas o renovaciones más urgentes e necesarias. Por fin, tenemos una panorámica del grande reto que aun enfrenta la Iglesia en Latino América y también en el resto del mundo.
Medellín, 50 anos: uma Igreja "em saída"
Authors: Ronsi Francilaide de Queiroz
Published: December 2018

A realização da II Conferência Geral do Episcopado da América Latina, na cidade de Medellín, marcou a história da Igreja latino-americana. Responsável pela atualização do Concílio Vaticano II para a América Latina, essa Conferência ousou ir um pouco mais longe. Ela retomou o desejo do Papa João XXIII,  que queria uma "Igreja dos pobres", e vimos surgir uma Igreja encarnada na realidade de seu continente, a partir de uma nova ação pastoral e de um novo modo de fazer teologia. Hoje, com o Papa Francisco, vislumbramos o resgate do profetismo de uma tradição eclesial libertadora protagonizada pela América Latina. Para a nossa reflexão teremos, como auxílio bibliográfico, em especial, os documentos das Conferências Episcopais na América Latina e a Exortação Apostólica do Papa Francisco, a Evangelii Gaudium. Queremos destacar que encontramos no pontificado de Francisco, fundamentada em uma nova experiência de ação evangelizadora, o convite para que tenhamos uma Igreja "em saída", um novo vigor para a retomada do profetismo e a ação libertadora na vida e na missão da Igreja na América Latina e, porque não, para o mundo.
As edições de Medellín, um estudo sobre as versões em português do texto da Conferência de 1968
Authors: Souza Ney de , Ferreira Reuberson Rodrigues
Published: December 2018

O presente artigo oferece uma panorâmica sobre as principais edições das Conclusões da II Conferência Geral do Episcopado Latino Americano e Caribenho celebrada em Medellín de 28 de agosto a 6 de setembro de 1968. Ao longo da história, diversas versões foram produzidas e publicadas. Catalogar e apresentar as editadas em língua portuguesa no Brasil – objetivo deste texto - favorece uma visão mais ampla do conteúdo das Conclusões de Medellín no ano que ela cumpre jubileu áureo. Ao mesmo tempo, instiga a percepção das diferenças nas diversas edições e agrega novos valores e informações àqueles que há cinquenta anos de distância revisitam a memorável conferência de 1968.
Medellín: de la socialidad mancomunada a la dimensión pastoral del Pueblo de Dios
Authors: Luciani Rafael
Published: December 2018

Una lectura fragmentada del Documento Conclusivo de Medellín no permite captar la lógica transversal que lo dota de unidad y sentido. La novedad del texto se puede apreciar en el uso de categorías como liberación y procesos de personalización entendidas como inherentes a la propia acción evangelizadora de la Iglesia: así se ve en la historia de la salvación en tanto obra de liberación de toda servidumbre (Introducción 4), la liberación como anticipo de la redención de Cristo (Educación 9), la Iglesia como signo de liberación y evangelización a través de la promoción humana (Pobreza de la Iglesia 11). Se establece una unión connatural entre la identidad y la misión eclesial como Pueblo de Dios, su acción y presencia pastoral en medio del mundo, y la vivencia de una soteriología histórica y relacional que inaugura un nuevo modo de ser Iglesia. Es así como se propone una visión de Iglesia que ha de integrar a los distintos actores sociales y religiosos en un esfuerzo mancomunado capaz de impulsar procesos de socialidad que colaboren con la reconstitución de los tejidos socioculturales de los pueblos.
«UN SOLO SEÑOR, UNA SOLA FE»: L’ESPERIENZA ECUMENICA DI MEDELLÍN
Authors: Scatena Silvia
Published: December 2018

«Un solo Señor, una sola fe, un solo bautismo, un solo Dios y Padre»: queste le parole di un inno risuonato molte volte nella cappella del seminario maggiore di Medellín, cantate da tutti i membri di una conferenza che, nelle parole di Míguez Bonino, pastore metodista argentino, membro di «Faith & Order» e unico osservatore non cattolico latinoamericano al Vaticano II, «dal punto di vista ecumenico […], occupa un posto di primo piano»[1]. Pur non avendo approvato alcun documento specifico sull’ecumenismo, l’assemblea di Medellín è stata infatti “paradossalmente” anche quella che, molto più e molto meglio delle successive conferenze generali dell’episcopato latinoamericano, ha in effetti consentito un’intensa “esperienza di unità”.[1][1] Cf. Un Solo Señor, Una Sola Fe..., in «CELAM. Boletín Informativo», 2/14 (octubro 1968), p. 7. Cf. quindi J. Míguez Bonino, Medellín, in Dizionario del movimento ecumenico, a cura di N. Lossky, J. Míguez Bonino, J.S. Pobee, T.F. Stransky, G. Wainwright, P. Webb, Bologna 1994, pp. 718-719 (ed. or. Geneva 1991). Su Míguez Bonino cf. M. Velati, Separati ma fratelli. Gli osservatori non cattolici al Vaticano II (1962-1965), Bologna 2014, passim.
Fronteiras do Arcebispo: a casa de Dom Helder Camara
Authors: Cabral Newton Darwin de Andrade , Silva Cícero Williams da , Pina Neta Lucy
Published: December 2018

A partir da última casa habitada por Dom Helder Camara (anexa à Igreja das Fronteiras, no Recife), o artigo estuda o quanto aquela residência foi emblemática em sua perspectiva de não encarar limites como intransponíveis, mas, ao contrário, enxergar a possibilidade de ampliá-los ou aboli-los. Assim, foram abordados três eixos: o primeiro explora aspectos da construção, desde a capela primitiva, localizada na fronteira da estância de Henrique Dias, até quando, após visita do Imperador Pedro II, ela recebeu o título de Capela Imperial; o segundo trata das inquietações de Dom Helder que, ao assumir a Arquidiocese local, morou no Palácio Episcopal embora desejasse despojar-se daquele simbolismo de poder. Foram percorridas as opções cogitadas e a escolha da Igreja das Fronteiras, investigando tanto o alcance da mudança representando rompimento de limites, quanto a ampliação do seu testemunho de bispo coerente com debates e compromissos firmados intra e extra Concílio Vaticano II. Tudo é analisado sob o prisma do lema do seu episcopado – Em tuas mãos! –, inclusive seu posicionamento quando muros da Igreja foram alvejados e ele experimentou a iminência da morte enquanto última fronteira. Como consequência, o local passou a demarcar outra extinção de divisas ao tornar-se referência para visitas de estadistas, religiosos, artistas e gente do povo; o terceiro analisa os processos pelos quais passou a igreja – tombamento (1947), inventário dos bens (2003) – e o reconhecimento como Casa-museu, condição atual da residência do falecido arcebispo, conferida também pelo fluxo regular de visitantes e pelas exposições permanentes nela realizadas acerca do legado helderiano.
Teologia e pós-colonialidade: indicações a partir da interculturalidade
Authors: Gonçalves Alonso
Published: December 2018

Os estudos pós-coloniais se configuram como uma chave de leitura da colonialidade, principalmente na formulação de epistemologias descentralizadas. Assim, os estudos pós-coloniais fornecem importantes ferramentas hermenêuticas para se pensar em aspectos religioso-teológicos. A concepção pós-colonial se dá a partir da tomada de consciência de uma condição de subalternidade epistemológica. O que nos propomos com esse artigo, é pensar alguns traços da teologia do colonizador e os desafios que daí decorrem para a teologia pós-colonial, que se ocupa do tema da interculturalidade.
Resenha 50 anos de Medellín: revisitando os textos e retomando o caminho
Authors: Libório Luiz Alencar
Published: December 2018

O livro comemorativo “50 anos de Medellín, revisitando os textos e retomando o caminho” tem como organizadores o Mestre em Teologia Pastoral pela Faculdade Jesuíta (FAJE) de Belo Horizonte, Manoel Godoy e o Doutor em Teologia pela Universidade de Münster (Alemanha), Francisco de Aquino Júnior.Os vinte capítulos (artigos) do livro comemorativo abordam diversas temáticas ligadas aos Documentos do Concílio Ecumênico Vaticano II (1962-1965) que a II Conferência Geral do Episcopado Latino-Americano e Caribe (CELAM) tenta aplicar às diversas Igrejas particulares do continente latino-americano. Continue lendo o texto no formato PDF...
Crosslinker Chemistry Determines the Uptake Potential of Perfluorinated Alkyl Substances by β-Cyclodextrin Polymers
Authors: Dichtel William , Xiao Leilei
Published: December 2018

This work describes several crosslinked β-cyclodextrin polymer networks and correlates the crosslinker chemistry with binding affinity for per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs), including PFOA and PFOS.
Biomolecular Solvation Structure Revealed by Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Wall Michael , Calabró Gaetano , Bayly Christopher I. , Mobley David , Warren Gregory
Published: December 2018

In order to compare ordered water positions from experiment with those from molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, a number of MD models of water structure in crystalline endoglucanase were calculated. The starting MD model was derived from a joint X-ray and neutron diffraction crystal structure, enabling the use of experimentally assigned protonation states. Simulations were performed in the crystalline state, using a periodic 2x2x2 supercell with explicit solvent. Water electron and neutron density maps were computed from MD trajectories using standard macromolecular crystallography methods. In one set of simulations, harmonic restraints were applied to bias the protein structure toward the crystal structure. For these simulations, the recall of crystallographic waters using strong peaks in the MD water electron density was excellent, and there also was substantial visual agreement between the boomerang-like wings of the neutron density and the crystalline water hydrogen positions. An unrestrained simulation also was performed. For this simulation, the recall of crystallographic waters was much lower. The results demonstrate that it is now possible to recover crystallographic water structure using restrained MD simulations, but that it is not yet reasonable to expect unrestrained MD simulations to do the same. Further development and generalization of MD water models for force field development, macromolecular crystallography, and medicinal chemistry applications is now warranted. In particular, the combination of room-temperature crystallography, neutron diffraction, and crystalline MD simulations promises to substantially advance modeling of biomolecular solvation.
The Impact of Bioconjugation on the Interfacial Activity of a Protein Biosurfactant
Authors: Tayeb Hossam H , Stienecker Marina , Middelberg Anton , Sainsbury Frank
Published: December 2018

Biosurfactants, are surface active molecules that can be produced by renewable, industrially scalable biologic processes. DAMP4, a designer biosurfactant, enables the modification of interfaces via genetic or chemical fusion to functional moieties. However, bioconjugation of addressable amines introduces heterogeneity that limits the precision of functionalization as well as the resolution of interfacial characterization. Here we designed DAMP4 variants with cysteine point mutations to allow for site-specific bioconjugation. The DAMP4 variants were shown to retain the structural stability and interfacial activity characteristic of the parent molecule, while permitting efficient and specific conjugation of polyethylene glycol (PEG). PEGylation results in a considerable reduction on the interfacial activity of both single and double mutants. Comparison of conjugates with one or two conjugation sites shows that both the number of conjugates as well as the mass of conjugated material impacts the interfacial activity of DAMP4. As a result, the ability of DAMP4 variants with multiple PEG conjugates to impart colloidal stability on peptide-stabilized emulsions is reduced. We suggest that this is due to constraints on the structure of amphiphilic helices at the interface. Specific and efficient bioconjugation permits the exploration and investigation of the interfacial properties of designer protein biosurfactants with molecular precision. Our findings should therefore inform the design and modification of biosurfactants for their increasing use in industrial processes, and nutritional and pharmaceutical formulations.
Conductivity and Photoconductivity of a p-type Organic Semiconductor under Ultra-Strong Coupling
Authors: Nagarajan Kalaivanan , George Jino , Thomas Anoop , Devaux Eloïse , Chervy Thibault , Azzini Stefano , Aziz Jouaiti , Hosseini Mir Wais , Kumar Anil , Genet Cyriaque , Ebbesen Thomas
Published: December 2018

The conductivity and photoconductivity of the p-type semiconductor rr-P3HT was studied under light-matter strong coupling. The vacuum Rabi splitting with surface plasmon modes is ca. 1.2 eV corresponding to 54% of the transition energy. In this ultra-strong coupling regime, the conductivity is enhanced even for such p-type semiconductor demonstrating that ultra-strong coupling can modify the transport properties of the valence band. This effect is most easily explained by the finite photonic content of the polariton ground state under such extreme coupling conditions. Furthermore, the photoconductivity of rr-P3HT is also enhanced and show broadened spectral responses due to the formation of the hybrid polaritonic states. This is the first example of enhanced conductivity and photoconductivity for a p-type semiconductor under strong coupling. This illustrates yet again the potential of engineering the vacuum electromagnetic environment to improve the opto-electronic properties of materials.
PENGETAHUAN DAN PERILAKU SEKSUAL BERESIKO REMAJA TERHADAP KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI DI SMK X KECAMATAN KEBON JERUK JAKARTA BARAT
Authors: Nurzaman Erina Windiany
Published: December 2018

AbstrakPerilaku beresiko pada remaja dikaitkan dengan fenomena masalah kesehatan reproduksi remaja yang terjadi saat ini, seperti meningkatnya jumlah perilaku seks remaja yang diikuti oleh meningkatnya jumlah aborsi setiap tahun, serta meningkatnya pengguna narkoba dan infeksi HIV. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengetahuan dan perilaku beresiko di kalangan remaja terhadap kesehatan reproduksi dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional yang dilakukan di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan X di Kecamatan Kebon Jeruk Jakarta Barat, Indonesia. Sampel penelitian menggunakan total sampel sebanyak 350 siswa, analisa data menggunakan uji Kai Kuadrat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang rendah tentang kesehatan reproduksi. Terdapat korelasi yang bermakna pada variabel peran orangtua (p=0,034), peran teman sebaya (p=0,001), peran Guru (p=0,009), akses informasi (p=0,001) dengan pengetahuan siswa terhadap kesehatan reproduksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa mempunyai perilaku yang beresiko terhadap kesehatan reproduksi. Terdapat korelasi yang bermakna pada variabel jenis kelamin (p=0,001) dan peran Guru (p=0,041) dengan perilaku beresiko remaja terhadap kesehatan reproduksi. Kurikulum mengenai kesehatan reproduksi remaja dan peran aktif orang tua dan guru dapat mencegah perilaku berisiko pada masa remaja. Kata Kunci : kesehatan reproduksi, remaja, pengetahuan, perilaku ABSTRACTRisky behaviors in adolescence are associated with the adolescent reproductive health problems phenomenon that happened nowadays, such as the increasing numbers of sex behavior followed by the increasing number of abortions each year also the increasing of drug use and HIV infections. This study aimed to determine knowledge and risk behaviors among adolescents for reproductive health and the factors that affected. Cross-sectional design was carried out on vocational high school students in Kebon Jeruk sub-district West Jakarta, Indonesia. A total  sample of  350 students was included in the study. The data were analyzed using chi square test. This study showed that the students have a low level of knowledge about reproductive health. There was a significant correlation in the role of parents (p = 0.034), the role of  friends (0.001), the role of teachers (p = 0.009),the  information access (p=0.001) with adolescent’s knowledge about reproductive health. This study showed that the students have risk behaviors to reproductive health. There was a significant correlation in gender (p = 0.001), the role of teachers (p=0.041) with risky behaviors in adolescence toward  reproductive health. Adolescent reproductive health curriculum and the active role of parents and teachers might prevent risky behaviors in adolescence. Keywords: reproductive health, adolescent, knowledge, behavior
KEPUASAN PASIEN BPJS DI RUANG NIFAS KELAS III RSU AISYIYAH KUDUS
Authors: Tristanti Ika
Published: December 2018

Kebutuhan dasar manusia yang paling hakiki adalah kesehatan, karena dengan kesehatan manusia dapat hidup layak dan produktif. Pemerintah ikut bertanggungjawab dalam menjaga dan mengelola status kesehatan warganya. Cara menjamin status kesehatan warga dapat dilakukan melalui banyak cara, salah satunya dengan menyelenggarakan jaminan kesehatan untuk seluruh warga. Pandangan masyarakat terhadap pelayanan rumah sakit yang bekerjasama dengan BPJS masih banyak yang menganggap mutunya kurang baik, Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kepuasan pasien BPJS di ruang nifas kelas III RSU Aisyiyah Kudus. Metode penelitian menggunakan diskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah pasien di ruang nifas pengguna BPJS kelas III di Rumah Sakit Aisyiyah Kudus sejumlah 120 pasien dengan sampel sebanyak 54 responden yang didapat dengan tehnik random sampling. Penelitian ini, instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner. Data pada penelitian ini dianalisis menggunakan analisa univariat. Analisa univariat dilakukan pada variabel kepuasan pasien BPJS kelas III. Hasil penelitian Kepuasan pasien BPJS kelas III di RS Aisyiyah Kudus Tahun 2017 di dapatkan hasil 36 orang responden (66,7%) merasa puas. Untuk meningkatkan kepuasan pasien BPJS di ruang nifas kelas III RSU Aisyiyah Kudus perlu diadakan perbaikan dan  rehabilitasi rutin pada fasilitas perawatan. Pengadaan dan perawatan alat-alat yang digunakan untuk pelayanan juga harus selalu dilakukan. Pengembangan sumber daya manusia terkait kompetensi, hardskill dan soft skill tetap menjadi prioritas utama dalam menjaga kepuasan pasien.
Study of adhesion-active surface structures in P6M5 high-speed steel
Authors: Kim V. A. , Yakubov Ch. F. , Shchelkunov E. V. , Samar E. V.
Published: December 2018

Adhesive processes are the main reason for wear of the metal-cutting tool. Adhesion-active surface structures (micro and meso-scale zones with increased density of defects having a crystal structure and high surface energy) can be identified by treating the surface with reactants by analogy with etching of a metalgraphic shlif. The level of free energy of the structural formation was estimated by the degree of darkening (dark gray color intensity) of the microstructure revealed by etching. The degree of darkening can be described and rankes quantitatively using color segmentation. Most specialized programs for metallographic image processing contain similar algorithm. The images were studied using the following indices of the structural arrangement of adhesion-active centers: the density of microstructural objects with a high value of the free energy, their relative surface area and dark gray color coefficient. A high value of the coefficient corresponds to the larger chemical potential. A comparative analysis of the character of distribution of adhesion-active zones in the surface structures of the crude and tempered P6M5 highspeed steel revealed that tempered structure contains more structural elements with high free energy (or chemical potential). Their distribution on the surface forms local zones of increased hardness, possessing high surface energy, as well as adhesion-active centers acting as potential foci for the formation of strong islet growths or zones of formation of stable adsorption films.
Estudio del rendimiento dinámico de un motor Otto al utilizar mezclas de dos tipos de gasolinas: “Extra” y “Súper”
Authors: Guzmán Alex Rodolfo , Cueva Eduardo , Peralvo Alexander , Revelo Milton , Armas Alexis
Published: December 2018

En el presente estudio se determina el rendimiento de un motor ciclo Otto, utilizando gasolina Súper (92 octanos), Extra (87 octanos) y mezclas con estas dos gasolinas, la primera con 50%V de cada tipo, mientras que la segunda con un valor en volumen de 70% de Súper con 30%V de Extra. Se utilizó un dinamómetro para obtener las curvas de potencia y torque, la mezcla Súper 50%V con Extra 50%V obtuvo un mayor valor de potencia con 81.3 HP, la gasolina Súper obtuvo un mayor valor de torque con 89.2 lb-ft. Con las pruebas dinámicas en ruta se midió el consumo de combustible, resultando menor el consumo con la gasolina Súper. Mediante pruebas dinámicas con el equipo ASM y un analizador de gases, se midieron las emisiones de gases contaminantes (CO, CO2, HC y NOx). En el ciclo ASM 2525 se midió CO, HC y NOx siendo la gasolina Súper, Extra y la mezcla Súper 50%V con Extra 50%V respectivamente las menos contaminantes y en el ciclo ASM 5015 siendo la gasolina Súper, Extra y la mezcla Súper 70%V con Extra 30%V respectivamente las menos contaminantes. En la prueba estática de gases, las emisiones bajas resultaron con la gasolina Súper.
Análisis de macroinvertebrados bentónicos e índices biológicos para evaluar la calidad del agua del río Sardinas, Chocó Andino ecuatoriano
Authors: Machado Verónica , Granda Roberto , Endara González Alexandra
Published: December 2018

Se realizó un análisis de la entomofauna acuática del río Sardinas, en las épocas lluviosa y seca de 2018, usando macroinvertebrados como bioindicadores ambientales, los mismos que fueron recolectados con red Surber y colecta manual, en cinco puntos a lo largo del río. En el laboratorio fueron clasificados e identificados a niveles de clase, orden y familia y se analizó su riqueza (S) y abundancia (N), así como la calidad ambiental aplicando los índices BMWP/Col y EPT. Se recolectaron un total de 526 individuos pertenecientes a 15 órdenes y 44 familias. 35 en época lluviosa y 31 en época seca. La familia más abundante en lluvias fue Leptophlebiidae, 34 especímenes (12,8%); en la estación seca, la más representativa fue Chironomidae con 45 individuos (17,2%). En la estación lluviosa el punto 2 tuvo mayor riqueza S16 y en la estación seca P1, S18. Los puntos P3 – P5 presentaron organismos indicadores de aguas de mediana calidad (BMWP/Col=69-94 y un EPT promedio 47,05%). En este estudio se determinó el estado ecológico del área de estudio a partir de los índices BMWP/Col y EPT, en asociación a los taxa recolectados y los cálculos de (S), (N) y abundancia relativa (%).
Predictive ADRC Control Using LMI
Authors: Aboukheir Hernandez Hanna Khalil
Published: December 2018

On recent times Active Disturbance Rejection Control has drawn both the attention of industrial and scientific community due to its capability to handle uncertainties and nonlinearities without using an explicit model of the system; on this paper a modification of the ADRC algorithm is presented, first an Extended State Predictor is calculated and later, a controller is built using the LMI approach, the proposal is evaluated through simulations on the Cayley-Rodriguez representation of the Monoaxial satellite
Root-Locus Analysis of Delayed First and Second Order Systems
Authors: Ríos Flores Moisés , Marquez-Rubio J.F. , Del Muro-Cuellar B. , Aranda-Bricaire E.
Published: December 2018

For finite dimensional linear system the root-locus method is well established however for the case of delayed systems the method has some problems due to the transcendental term involved. This work intends to illustrate the problems that arises when a root-locus diagram is performed as well as to develop a Matlab function that provides the root-locus diagram for delayed low order systems. In this way, some comments about the problems that should be tackled to obtain a generalization of the computational method for delayed systems with real m poles and n zeros
Bazı Tarımsal Atıkların, Kültür Ortamında Yetiştirilen Pleurotus florida ve Pleurotus sajor-caju’nun Ürün Verme Süresi, Miktarı ve Protein İçeriğine Etkisi
Authors: YAKUT TUNE Bahar , YEŞİL Ömer Faruk , YILDIZ Abdunnasır
Published: December 2018

Bu çalışmada; Pleurotus florida ve Pleurotus
sajor-caju’nun kültüründe, farklı tarımsal atıkların, en yüksek verim
ve protein içeriğine etkisi amaçlanmıştır. Kontrol grubu olarak, 1:1 oranında
buğday ve darı sapı; deneme grubu olarak da buğday-darı, buğday-soya, darı-soya
sapından oluşan kültür ortamına P. florida ve P. sajor-caju
aşılama yapılmıştır. En kısa sürede; misel gelişimi 8 gün olarak P. florida’nın
buğday-soya ortamından ve primordium oluşumu da 26 günde P. sajor-caju’dan
elde edilmiştir. En kısa sürede hasat, 30 günde P. sajor-caju’ nun buğday-soya ortamından elde
edilmiştir. Toplam hasat süresi en kısa P. sajor-caju’nun buğday sapı
ortamından 55 gün olduğu belirlenmiştir. Toplamda yaklaşık olarak %70 nem
içeren 1 kg kompostta elde edilen en yüksek verim P. florida’ nın
buğday-darı sapı ortamında 226 g, P. sajor-caju da ise darı ortamında 143 g olarak elde edilmiştir. En yüksek
protein oranı; P. florida da %28.98 ve P. sajor-caju’da da %26.64
olarak buğday ortamında tespit edilmiştir.
The Sui Generis Nature of Aboriginal Rights: Does it Make a Difference
Authors: Borrows John , Rotman Leonard I.
Published: December 2018

The authors trace the development of the use of the term sui generis to describe Aboriginal legal rights, noting that this is not in fact a recent phenomenon. They explain the doctrine as a balance between common law and Aboriginal conceptions, acting as an aid to the development of the common law in a manner which accommodates cultural differences and unique Aboriginal legal rights. The authors critically analyze recent judicial employment of the doctrine, and offer suggestions as to how it could best be employed to reconcile unique Aboriginal issues with the framework of the common law.
Beyond R. v. Sault Ste. Marie: The Creation and Expansion of Strict Liability and the Due Diligence Defence
Authors: Strantz N. J.
Published: December 2018

The Supreme Court of Canada decision in R. v. Sault Ste. Marie created strict liability offences as a middle ground between mens rea offences and absolute liability offences. Strict liability offences allow the defence of due diligence, where the accused has exercised a reasonable standard of care in protecting against the event which occurred. This article examines the acceptance, incorporation and development of strict liability offences and the due diligence defence by Canadian courts, legislatures and industry. In Canadian courts, strict liability and the due diligence offence arise in quasi-criminal, public welfare offences. The reverse onus imposed by the due diligence defence was challenged and upheld in a Charter case. Cases have shown that corporations and directors may be held directly and vicariously liable for the actions of employees and contractors under strict liability principles. Legislatures at both the provincial and federal level have incorporated strict liability and the due diligence defence into a wide variety of quasi-criminal statutes. Industry has responded by taking positive steps to ensure it is complying with legislated standards. The article notes that strict liability is a logical and timely development for Canadian law, as the "due diligence" defence encourages industry's co-operative efforts in the protection of the public interest without hindering regulatory and legal enforcement of public welfare legislation.
The Uncertain Duty of the Expert Witness
Authors: Michell Paul , Mandhane Renu
Published: December 2018

This article provides a discussion about policy issues currently facing Canadian courts in relying on expert testimony. Changes in the standards of admissibility, the role and responsibilities of the expert witness including the overarching duty to the court, the extent of any duly of impartiality and independence and possible internal and external controls on the use of experts are discussed. A thorough review of authorities from within and outside of Canada is provided.
A Crack in Everything: Restorative Possibilities of Plea-Based Sentencing Courts
Authors: Owen Simon
Published: December 2018

Restorative justice, as a philosophy and set of practices, has traditionally been conceived of as existing separate from, indeed in opposition to, the more retributive ethic of mainstream, court-based justice proceses.  Considered as such a polarized alternative, restorative justice has largely been unable to dislodge the dominant hold that formal, professionally managed public courts maintain over the resolution of criminal wrongs.  Other commentators, however, argue that restorative and retributive concepts of justice are not necessarily mutually exclusive.  This article explores court-based sentencing processes through a restorative lens, and suggests that while Canadian law formally privileges a retributive approach to sentencing, it also endorses practices that are more resonant with restorative values.  In practice. sentencing courts that draw energy and guidance from restorative justice principles are more successful at including offenders in dialogues and determinations of just outcomes.  Thus, a formally retributive sentencing framework actually benefits from the incorporation of restorative principles and practices.  The marriage of these concepts of justice, is however, hampered by the antagonistic concerns of efficiency and uniformity in sentencing.
Eyes Wide Shut: The Alberta Court of Appeal’s Decision in R. v. Arcand and Aboriginal Offenders
Authors: Rudin Jonathan
Published: December 2018

R. v. Arcand was no ordinary sentence appeal.  It was a reconsideration of four previous Alberta Court of Appeal sexual assault decisions.  It was an opportunity to discuss the significance of starting point sentences - essentially appellate court mandated starting points to be followed by lower court judges when issuing sentences for specific sub-categories of offences.  The decision also purports to provide a clear-eyed assessment of the problems with sentencing in Canada since the passage of Bill C-41 in 1996 and a way out of the morass of unprincipled sentencing decisions by lower judges that have eroded Canadians’ faith in the justice system itself.  However, there is something missing in the decision.  The force of the reasoning advanced in Arcand is strongly diminished by the Court of Appeal’s failure to advert to the Supreme Court of Canada's decision in R. v. Gladue and to the realities of Aboriginal overrepresentation in Canadian and, more specifically, Alberta correctional facilities.  Recognition of Gladue should lead to a reconsideration of the conclusions in Arcand on the issues of proportionality, Aboriginal concepts of sentencing, circumstances of the Aboriginal offender, general deterrence, and the way sentences reflect harm to victims.
Beyond Lawfare: Juridical Oversight of Western Militaries
Authors: Waters Christopher
Published: December 2018

While civilian supremacy over the armed forces is accepted as a matter of faith in Western countries, this supremacy often means little more than supremacy of the executive branch of government over top generals. Indeed, efforts to regulate armed forces through broader domestic or international legal frameworks, including international criminal law, have been resisted in some military quarters (particularly in the United Kingdom and the United States) with the military and its backers raising concerns of “legal encirclement” or “lawfare.” The author argues for broad civilian and democratic oversight of armed forces, including through increased judicial and quasi-judicial scrutiny of overseas military actions at the domestic and international levels. The author concludes that broad democratic oversight not only promotes compliance with international legal norms but supports operational effectiveness as well.
Peer Producing Human Rights
Authors: Land Molly Beutz
Published: December 2018

The growth of collaborative technologies has spurred the development of projects such as Wikipedia, in which large groups of volunteers contribute to production in a decentralized and open format. The author analyzes how these methods of peer-based production can be applied to advance international human rights as well as the limitations of such a model in this field. An underlying characteristic of peer-based production, amateurism, increases capacity and participation. However, the involvement of ordinary individuals in the production of human rights reporting is also its greatest disadvantage, since human rights reports generated by citizen activists are less likely to be perceived as accurate, thereby detracting from the effectiveness of those reports. The author examines methods by which these disadvantages might be overcome and concludes by advocating for a collaborative approach, whereby peer-based production is augmented by training and certification by local professionals.
Conservation Easements: Pluses and Pitfalls, Generally and for Municipalities
Authors: Kwasniak Arlene J.
Published: December 2018

This article examines the role of conservation easements in Canada and their utility in protecting the natural values of land by way of restricted development. The author begins with an overview of both common law and statutory conservation easements throughout Canada with a specific focus on Alberta. Advantages and disadvantages are identified in general with regard to the use of conservation easements by municipalities. Finally, the article locates and explores the benefits of conservation easements as a proactive pre-development, and reactive post-development tool which can be used by municipalities when carrying out land use mandates.
Forty Years of the Alberta Law Reform Institute — Past, Present, Future
Authors: Kirby The Hon. Justice Michael
Published: December 2018

I have come across the great ocean, and over the mountains, to join the celebrations of 40 years of institutional law reform in Alberta...
Development of Carbon Emissions Trading in Canada
Authors: Goetz John C. , De Castro Morella M. , Taylor Gray , Haugen-Kozyra Karen
Published: December 2018

Given the widely accepted belief that climate change is a real and imminent global threat, regulation of greenhouse gas emissions has grown and will continue to develop both in Canada and internationally. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change have the objective of attempting to stabilize greenhouse gas emissions at a level that will prevent damage to the earth by limiting human induced emissions. This article canvasses Alberta’s current greenhouse gas emissions regulatory framework and Canada’s proposed regulatory framework for air emissions and considers the potential for harmonization of the federal and provincial systems. Finally, this article explores carbon emissions trading globally, including the voluntary trading market, and considers the future development of carbon emissions trading both in Canada and across the globe.
Conceptions of Privacy: A Comment on R. v. Kang-Brown and R. v. A.M.
Authors: Penney Steven
Published: December 2018

That privacy is an evanescent concept is one of the truest of truisms. Efforts to define it are probably destined to be (at best) less than wholly satisfying. There remains a need, however, to better understand how it is (and should be) used in particular legal contexts. One such context is search and seizure law, and in particular...
A Practical Guide to Competition Act Compliance in the Oil and Gas Industry
Authors: Lowman John , Boughs Susan , Strekaf Jo'Anne , Riley Beth
Published: December 2018

Compliance with the Competition Act is important to the oil and gas industry. The authors provide an overview of select issues under the Act and practical guidance on how to manage these issues. The article provides a framework for the oil and gas industry to use in dealing with competitors, customers, and the Competition Bureau. The authors provide an overview of competition law compliance programs and note the impact of regulation.
The Future of Law School: Three Visions and a Prediction
Authors: Arthurs H. W.
Published: December 2018

In this article, the author examines three visions of the future of law schools. The first vision is that they should focus on producing “practice ready lawyers” to meet the immediate needs of today’s legal profession. The second is that law schools should focus on training “tomorrow’s lawyers,” graduates who are able to adapt to a rapidly-changing world. The third insists that law schools are knowledge communities whose many functions include, but are not limited to, providing students with a large and liberal understanding of law that will prepare them for a variety of legal and non-legal careers and for participation as citizens in the broader economy and polity. Although the future of law schools is contested and uncertain, the author predicts, law schools will be celebrated in the long term for their distinguished scholarship, their contributions to the public good, and their role as agents of change rather than for skills training, their influence on day-to-day legal practice, and their purveying of conventional wisdom.
A Comparative Overview of the Unbundling of Gas Distribution Services in North America - Lessons for Nova Scotia and New Brunswick
Authors: Bhar Elizabeth L. , MacDonald Mark E.
Published: December 2018

After a brief introduction to the policy and historical background of the regulation of gas distribution services, the authors review the main issues surrounding the unbundling of such by examining numerous models from Canada and the United States. Particular consideration is given to the effect of unbundling on the small commercial and residential customer. The article concludes with a discussion of unbundling in greenfield jurisdictions and cites recent developments in Scotia and New Brunswick to illustrate legislative to some of the specific issues raised.
Lights, Judges, Access: How Active Judicial Review of Discretionary Decisions Protects Access to Government Information
Authors: Kazmierski Vincent
Published: December 2018

This article discusses the role of judicial review in access to information regimes in Canada. It provides a review of recent court decisions that show how the Canadian courts are actively supervising the exercise of administrative discretion over access to information. It argues that although efforts to reform Canada’s access to information legislation have so far been met with limited success, the judiciary has provided significant and important scrutiny, providing a key means of enforcing access to information rights in Canada.
Recent Cases of Interest to Oil and Gas Lawyers
Authors: Moss, Q.C. E. John
Published: December 2018

Governmental involvement in the oil and gas industry is an area of increasing concern to the resource industry. The author reviews recent oil and gas decisions. Three major groups are examined; constitutional, caveats, and miscellaneous.
The Settlement of Native Claims
Authors: Ciaccia John
Published: December 2018

After stressing the urgency of settling native land claims, the author in his speech suggests that legalistic' approach to the problem should be abandoned. The James Bay Agreement is discussed as an example of how one such claim was dealt with and, drawing upon his personal experiences with the Agreement, the author suggests that it is the political aspects of particular claim that will govern in the end. Further, it is suggested that the business community can play valuable role in native land claim settlements.
Jurisdiction and Choice of Law Issues in Multistate Defamation on the Internet
Authors: Castel Matthew
Published: December 2018

The author maintains that the connecting factors for jurisdiction and choice of law in Internet defamation actions brought in Canada should be separately defined to address the problems of libel tourism and predictability of legal consequences.
Pricing of Alberta's Oil
Authors: Tyerman Peter
Published: December 2018

The history, functions and scope of the Alberta Petroleum Marketing Commission are studied. In addition, the practices and procedures of the A.P.M.C. are discussed, especially the pricing and marketing aspects. Finally, the Petroleum Administration Act is looked at in some depth. The Edmonton Terminal Price, Export Tax and the enforcement of the Petroleum Administra tion Act are dealt with by the author.
"But I Didn't Mean To": The Role of Intent in American and Canadian Anti-Preference Law
Authors: Bangsund Clayton
Published: December 2018

In both the United States and Canada, bankruptcy preferential transfer avoidance provisions are aimed at creating equality of distribution among similarly situated creditors. However, there is a key difference in the way each jurisdiction’s regime treats the notion of intent. An analysis of each regime, using examples, illustrates the way in which Canada’s regime effectually does violence to the distributive equality policy objective, while the US regime adheres to it.
The First Rush of Movement: A Phenomenological Preface to Movement Education
Authors: Smith Stephen J.
Published: December 2018

Children’s lived experiences of movement indicate possibilities for teaching them to be at home in increasingly challenging domains of activity. Especially significant are movements that reflect landscape connection, that carry an intention not confined to individual purpose, and that are enhanced by observational glance. The first rush of movement is described phenomenologically as an essential feature of these movements and of the vital consciousness they engender. The phenomenon of the first rush of movement attests to a mimetic impulse towards otherness that overrides personal motive and moderates an otherwise containing gaze. Its intentionality is evident in an extended, inclusive and progressive range of human movements that affirm a natural, intimate relation with others and the world at large. The embrace, caress and kiss are described as primary, elemental gestures from which movement disciplines sustaining the first rush of moment and its mimetic impulse can be cultivated. Accordingly, this study prefaces a practice of education in which children’s movements, originating in responsiveness to landscape and motivated by a mimetic impulse, can be guided towards enhanced and sustaining world relations. Vital qualities of movement can be sustained from childhood to adulthood and from the most rudimentary contacts with the world to the most refined, skill-based encounters.
A Study of Diffusion Phenomenon in Friction Stir Lap Welding Joints for Low Carbon Steel C10 to Aluminum Alloy AA1100-H112
Authors: Abbass Muna Khethier , Raheef Kareem Mohsen
Published: December 2018

In this study the friction stir lap welding was carried out by a new technique (diffusion bonding phenomenon) between (AA1100 and low carbon steel C10 sheets of 3mm and 1mm thickness respectively. These alloys have difference ranges in melting temperature and other physical properties.  Different parameters were used: tool rotation speeds (630, 1250) rpm, travel speeds (80, 32) mm/min. and pin length (2.8,3) mm  using cylindrical threaded pin. Many tests and inspections were performed such as tensile shear test and X-Ray diffraction tests. Microhardness and microstructure observations were conducted by using optical and SEM. The above tests were used to evaluate the weld quality and joint efficiency under different welding parameters. Best result for  FSLW by  diffusion phenomenon  appear in (low carbon steelC10 / AA1100-H112) joint at 1250rpm  in 32 mm/min. with 2.8mm pin length and the maximum tensile shear strength was (3.9)KN.It was found that the highest micro hardness was (138HV) at the interface between the low carbon steel and AA1100.
Skipping Ahead to the Good Part: The Role of Civic Technology in Achieving the Promise of E-Government
Authors: Shaw Emily
Published: December 2018

E-government evolution has been described as a government’s internal process of digital development, which eventually transforms its ability to respond to the public. As time goes by and these promised benefits have yet to fully materialize, civic technology—online tools that aim to achieve improved online interaction between governments and the public—is sometimes placed in the gap. This study provides findings from 38 interviews across five US municipal civic technology implementations, answering the question of whether US cities which have adopted civic technology tools enjoy improved two-way interactions between governments and the public, and also whether an “interaction-first” approach to government digitization appears to spur additional e-government development. By selecting five very different tool implementations, the research design employs Mill’s Method of Difference to isolate commonalities springing simply from a municipality’s implementation of a civic technology tool. Interviews reveal a range of common effects beyond the simple improvement of the service-delivery experience.
For Some Results of Semisecond Submodules
Authors: Khalaf Rasha I.
Published: December 2018

Let â„› be a commutative ring with unity and let â„¬ be a unitary R-module. Let â„µ be a proper submodule of â„¬, â„µ is called semisecond submodule if for any râˆˆâ„›, râ‰ 0, nâˆˆZ+, either rnâ„µ=0 or rnâ„µ=râ„µ.

In this work, we introduce the concept of semisecond submodule and confer numerous properties concerning with this notion. Also we study semisecond modules as a popularization of second modules, where an â„›-module â„¬ is called semisecond, if â„¬ is semisecond submodul of â„¬.
The Approximation Solution of a Nonlinear Parabolic Boundary Value Problem Via Galerkin Finite Elements Method with Crank-Nicolson
Authors: Al-Hawasy Jamil Amir , Jawad Marwa Ahmed
Published: December 2018

This paper deals with finding the approximation solution of a nonlinear parabolic boundary value problem (NLPBVP) by using the Galekin finite element method (GFEM) in space and Crank Nicolson (CN) scheme in time, the problem then reduce to solve a Galerkin nonlinear algebraic system(GNLAS). The predictor and the corrector technique (PCT) is applied here to solve the GNLAS, by transforms it to a Galerkin linear algebraic system (GLAS). This GLAS is solved once using the Cholesky method (CHM) as it appear in the matlab package and once again using the Cholesky reduction order technique (CHROT) which we employ it here to save a massive time. The results, for CHROT are given by tables and figures and show the efficiency of this method, from other sides we conclude that the both methods are given the same results, but the CHROT is very fast than the CHM.