bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perceptions of sexual assault perpetrators, victims, and event depend on system justification beliefs and perpetrator atonement.
Authors: Delker Brianna C , Means Kira , Schwam Allison , Patterson Aubrie L. , Fogel Camille A , Brown Amelita , Czopp Alex , McLean Kate C.
Published: January 2025

When accused of wrongdoing, a sexual assault perpetrator may express atonement, i.e.,he may acknowledge harm done, take responsibility, and make amends. Anecdotal observationssuggest that mainstream U.S. audiences respond favorably when high-status perpetrators expressless atonement, such as telling stories that minimize harm, or place responsibility on the victim.However, empirically, little is known about how perpetrator status and atonement influenceaudience responses. Informed by system justification theory, this vignette-based experimenttested the hypothesis that the more audiences are psychologically invested in an unequal statusquo (i.e., the greater their system justification beliefs), the more they will favor perpetrators (vs.victims), especially when high-status perpetrators atone less, and low-status perpetrators atonemore. In a pre-registered 2(perpetrator status: low, high) x 3(perpetrator narrative atonement:low, medium, high) x continuous(participant system justification) between-subjects design, U.S.adults (N=895) were randomly assigned to read 1 of 6 first-person stories by a white male whohas been accused of sexual assault by a female acquaintance. Dependent measures includedperceived severity of and relative responsibility for the assault, empathy toward perpetrator andvictim, and ratings of their likeability and positive personality traits. Hierarchical regressionanalysis revealed that, instead of the hypothesized interactive effects, there were consistent maineffects of system justification and atonement across perpetrator status levels. The greater theirsystem justification beliefs, the more participants favored perpetrators, the less severe they ratedthe assault, and the less they favored victims. Greater perpetrator atonement boosted favorabilityratings for him and the victim. Conversely, less perpetrator atonement diminished hisfavorability ratings, but also made the assault appear less severe and less his (vs. the victim’s)responsibility. Findings underscore the strong influences that perpetrator stories andpsychological investment in an unequal status quo have on perceptions of sexual violence.
Outsiders in the Moral Domain: The dark core of personality and moral foundations
Authors: Silva Alegria Mauricio Enrique
Published: January 2025

In the present study, the relationship between the general factor of the dark triad and moral foundations was evaluated. To do this, a sample of 723 participants was obtained to whom the Dirty Dozen Dark Triad (DDDT) and the Moral Fundamentals Questionnaire (MFQ) tests were applied; a structural validity and reliability test was carried out for the analysis constructs and A structural equation was modeled relating the general factor of the dark triad to the moral foundations. The results found adequate adjustments for the dark triad and moral foundations models separately and the integrated model, obtaining negative and significant relationships between the dark core and each of the moral foundations. It is concluded that there is a negative and statistically significant disattenuated correlation for each of the moral foundations and the general dark triad factor.
Visions for sustainable healthy futures for Norway. Citizen Involvement Workshop Executive Report
Authors: De Grandis Giovanni , Murashova Natalia , Bonnevie Tora , Falkenberg Liv Eggset , Jamtøy Ann Iren , Arntsen Trude
Published: January 2025

We report the results of a citizen involvement workshop on sustainable healthy futures in Norway. The workshop was held in Trondheim on November 4-5, 2023 and involved 17 citizens from mid Norway. The good life was the broad theme, and we invited the participants to consider the themes of sustainable health and society within this frame. The participants developed 4 different visions for a sustainable healthy future for Norway. We gave them a mid-term horizon (2070) to leave room for needs- and aspirations-based social imagination, not overly conditioned by the current institutional framework, and to challenge the short-termism of the dominant policy cycles and thinking.The visions developed by the citizens are remarkably consistent in emphasizing the importance of good social integration and community life, interpersonal relations, individual development and an individual’s sense of meaning, contribution, and agency. Noteworthy is also their emphasis on the need to regulate new technologies, and to reduce information overload and unsustainable choices through trusted and transparent governance.The report provides a discussion of the visions, the full text of the 4 visions and a concise background about the method and the project of which the workshop was part. The Sustainable Healthy Futures pilot was a collaboration between the Norwegian centre for responsible research and Innovation (AFINO) and NTNU Health. The main aim of the project was to rethink health in society in the attempt to imagine innovative and sustainable approaches to health in the future.
Iconographic Analysis of Goddess Chinnamasta: Unveiling Divine Power of Mahavidhya in Hindu Mythology
Authors: Bishnu Prasad Pokharel  , Sultana Banu
Published: January 2025

The paper discusses the iconographic analyses and symbolic interpretation of Goddess Chinnamasta, whose headless body is the crux of supreme power and revelation of one of the ten forms of Mahavidya Hindu mythology. Through the iconographical analysis of the Chinnamasta, the paper analyses the ideas of a body without an organ in connection with the supreme power of the female Goddess as Shakti in Hindu mythology. Using symbolic interpretation grounded in Hindu tantric theory and gender insights as the study methodology. It studies the process of reaching the super soul from tantric perspectives. The paper employs the concepts of the Tantra by Kinsley and Flood, and Butler’s gender identity, as analytical tools to examine the claim. Ultimately, the study deduces that the iconography of the Goddess reflects two distinct yet interconnected aspects of the body: the head and body. The head symbolizes symbolic power, whereas the body represents physical power. Together, they work as a whole for two distinct roles: creator and destroyer. The separate forms signify distinct entities, encompassing their function and the notion of transcending the self to unite with the supreme soul through the self-denial of personal value in pursuit of ultimate power. Therefore, this extends Chinnamasta’s iconography as the body devoid of organs, relating to the entirety of the body in the context of supreme power.
Perspectives and Practices of English Language Teachers on Task-Based Language Teaching
Authors: Neupane Ram Nath
Published: January 2025

Task-Based Language Teaching (also called TBLT) is a popular and innovative approach to language instruction. The present study aimed to  explore the perspectives and practices of TBLT in EFL classrooms. To achieve this, the researcher purposively selected five secondary-level English teachers from Butwal sub-metropolitan city of  Rupandehi district. A semi-structured interview was the primary tool and technique for data collection. The collected data were thematically analyzed under six headings, including teachers’ perspectives on the task-based method, tasks and activities, and classroom pedagogy. The findings reveal that TBLT is a learner-centered approach that enhances communication, critical thinking, and problem-solving through real-world tasks. It integrates language skills via collaborative activities, fostering motivation and autonomy. Teachers act as facilitators, guiding and assessing tasks for fluency, accuracy, and skill transfer. Despite challenges like time constraints and assessment complexities, TBLT effectively bridges classroom learning with practical language use through meaningful, engaging, and well-planned activities.The study underscores the importance of incorporating TBLT into EFL curricula to develop practical language abilities and critical thinking skills. It highlights the need for teacher training in task creation, classroom management, and assessment methods. Syllabus designers, textbook writers and policymakers can tackle challenges such as limited time and resources by linking assessment techniques  with communicative objectives.
Analysing the impact of macroeconomic variables on non-performing loans in Nepalese banks
Authors: Pandey Baikuntha
Published: January 2025

Nepal’s financial system is largely bank-centric, with 18 private and 3 state-owned commercial banks as of 2023. Non-performing loans (NPLs) directly impact financial stability and the broader economy, making it essential to understand how macroeconomic indicators affect these loans. This study analyzes trends in NPL ratios between state-owned and privately owned commercial banks in Nepal, focusing on the influence of real GDP growth, the Nepal Rastra Bank (NRB) policy rate, and inflation on NPL levels. Using an explanatory research design, the study draws on secondary data from the Nepal Rastra Bank, the National Statistics Office, and the IMF, covering quarterly data from 2007/08 Q2 to 2022/23 Q1. The dependent variable, NPLs, is analyzed against independent variables—real GDP growth, NRB policy rate, and inflation. Adjustments are made to the CPI data, rebased to 2010/11, with seasonal adjustments applied using X12 from the US Bureau of Statistics. An ARDL regression model, combined with unit root testing, is used to measure the macroeconomic impacts on NPLs, with a robustness check involving data on private bank NPLs. The findings reveal that state-owned banks maintain higher NPL ratios than private banks. Moreover, inflation has been shown to have a significant negative effect on NPLs, while the NRB policy rate has had a considerable positive impact. The findings offer actionable insights for regulators, commercial banks, and policymakers to develop tailored strategies for mitigating NPL risks, contributing to the overall financial stability and economic resilience of Nepal.
The Behaviour of Consuming Food in Local-level Sportsman
Authors: Paudyal Tika Ram , Sharma Yam Prasad , Paudel Yubraj
Published: January 2025

The main purpose of this study was to find out the food-consuming practice of local-level sportsmen in Butwal-12, Rupandehi, Nepal. A descriptive and quantitative research design was used in this research. The respondents who lived in Butwal 12 were the population of this study. The interview schedule was the data collection tool. From the total population, 50 local level sportsmen were selected as the sample size for the study. All the local level sportsmen were included using the census sampling technique. After collecting the data, SPSS version 20 was used for tabulation as well as statistical analysis of the raw data, obtaining tables and percentages of related information. The overall study found that local-level sportsmen had poor knowledge of food-consuming practices and the right consumer behaviour for consumer health, which is also regrettable in Butwal Sub-metropolitan City, Rupandehi.
Use of acquired skills by returnee labor migrants in the home country
Authors: Regmi Krishna Kumar
Published: January 2025

The study examined the use of newly acquired skills by returning migrant workers in Nepal. It was found that only one-third of the returnees worked in similar occupations to their native country, and two-thirds were deskilled due to difficulties in applying their skills. Self-employed individuals accounted for over one-third of returns, indicating a desire to operate their own firm. Both genders used the acquired skills in statistically insignificant ways, but the difference between wage-employed and self-employed individuals was significant. The study also found that administrative, political, economic, and technological obstacles hindered the returnees' reintegration into society. The study suggests that if returnees are employed in a related field, the human capital they gained in the host nation adds value to their employment. However, most returnees were unable to use their newly acquired talents due to not being hired for similar positions upon their return. To contribute to the country's economic progress, politicians must create programs and policies to protect returnees from losing their skills.
इस्मालीका कथामा अन्तर्वस्तुमा आञ्चलिकता
Authors: भुसाल Bhusal राजु  Raju
Published: January 2025

प्रस्तुत लेखमा इस्मालीका चलन, गाउँको माया र गाउँ गाउँजस्तो छैन सहर सहरजस्तो छैन, गरी तीनओटा कथाका अन्तर्वस्तुलाई आञ्चलिकताका दृष्टिले विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । आञ्चलिक अध्ययनमा निश्चित स्थानविशेष वा अञ्चलका मौलिक रीतिस्थिति, रहनसहन, चालचलन, संस्कार, संस्कृति आदि यावत् पक्षहरूको अध्ययन गरिन्छ । प्रस्तुत लेखमा आञ्चलिकताको सामान्य परिचय दिँदै वस्तुविश्लेषणका आधारहरूको समेत निर्धारण गरिएको छ । तत्कालीन समाजमा दाइजोको नाममा सामान्य जनताले कसरी घरघडेरी बेच्नु पथ्र्यो भन्ने परिघटना चलन कथामा आएको छ भने गाउँको माया कथामा परिछनजस्ता सोझासाझा तथा इमान्दार मान्छेलाई गाउँका सामन्त वर्गले सधैंभरि कसरी आफ्नो हली बनाएर राख्न खोज्छन् भन्ने कुराको अभिव्यक्ति पाइन्छ । त्यसैगरी गाउँ गाउँजस्तो छैन सहर सहरजस्तो छैन कथामा २०६३÷०६४ सालमा भएको मधेस आन्दोलनले नेपाली नेपालीका बिच ल्याएको विखण्डनलाई प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ । यस लेखमा यी कथाहरूको विश्लेषण गरेर चेतना तथा शिक्षाको कमीले गर्दा नै गाउँमा यी सबै समस्या आएका हुन् भन्दै तत्स्थानिक सामाजिक परिघटनासँग जोडिएका सामाजिक, सांस्कृतिक, राजनैतिक तथा आर्थिक पक्षहरू इस्मालीका कथामा अन्तर्वस्तुका रूपमा आएका छन् भन्ने निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ ।
समाजपरक समालोचना प्रणालीका आधारमा ʽभावनाको नाताʼ उपन्यासको मूल्याङ्कन
Authors: आचार्य  Acharya ओमप्रकाश Om Prakash
Published: January 2025

पाश्चात्य समालोचना प्रणालीमा समाजपरक समालोचना प्रणाली जेठो,पुरानो र पाको समालोचना प्रणाली हो । यस प्रणालीले प्रकाशित साहित्यिक कृति एवम् सिर्जनाको समाजपरक दृष्टिकोणबाट समालोचना गर्दछ । प्रस्तुत उपन्यास नेपाली समाजको यथार्थ रुप झल्काउने प्रसिद्ध उपन्यासकार धनलाल आचार्यद्वारा लिखित मौलिक सामाजिक उपन्यास हो । उपन्यासकार धनलाल आचार्य कर्णाली प्रदेशको जुम्ला जिल्लाको सिँजा क्षेत्रको हिमा गाउँपालिकाको आचार्य लिहीमा जन्मेका हुन् । प्रस्तुत उपन्यासलाई पाश्चात्य समालोचना सिद्धान्तका आधारमा अध्ययन गरिएको छ । समाजपरक दृष्टिकोणबाट भावनाको नाता उपन्यासको सामाजिकता कस्तो छ ? कुन सामाजिक सन्दर्भमा कस्तो सामाजिक मूल्य र मान्यता रहेको छ ? सामाजिक निष्ठा, प्रगतिवादी, उद्देश्यपरक र प्रभाववादी दृष्टिकोणमा यस उपन्यासको स्थान कस्तो छ ?उपन्यासको सामाजिक दृष्टिकोणबाट उब्जेका अनुसन्धेय प्रश्नहरु हुन् । यिनै अनुसन्धानात्मक प्रश्न यस लेखमा अध्ययनका समस्या हुन् भने सामाजिक दृष्टिकोणबाट समाजपरक समालोचना प्रणालीको सिद्धान्त अवलम्बन गरी भावनाको नाता उपन्यासको सामाजिकताको खोजी गर्नु, सामाजिक निष्ठा,प्रगतिवादी,उद्देश्परक र प्रभाववादी दृष्टिकोणमा उपन्यासको स्थान उल्लेख गर्नु यस लेखको उद्देश्य हो । पुस्तकालयीय अध्ययन विधिको प्रयोग गरिएको यस लेखमा व्याख्या विश्लेषणको ढाँचा वर्णनात्मक र विश्लेषणात्मक रहेको छ । नेपाली समाज रगतको नातामा रङ्गिएको छ । रगतरुपी नाताको डम्फुले जेलिएर अशान्त, बोझिलो, बहुलठ्ठक बनेको छ । यो स्वार्थ केन्द्रित छ तर भावनाको नाता निस्वार्थ, सह्रदयी पवित्र, दीर्घरुपी हुन्छ । मानव जीवन रगतको नाता र भावनाको नातामा रहे पनि भावनाको नाता सामाजिकीकरणको उत्तम नाता हो । भावनाको नाताको सामाजिक सिद्धान्त हुनुपर्छ, समाज रगतको नाताका कारण विथोलिएको छ । अवको युग भावनाको नाताका आधारमा अगाडि बढ्नुपर्छ जसले सुन्दर शान्त सभ्य विशाल समाज निमार्णमा टेवा पुग्नेछ भन्ने कोणबाट यो उपन्यास अघि बढेको छ । यस लेखका माध्यमबाट साहित्यिक कृतिको सैद्धान्तिक आधारबाट विश्लेषण गर्ने ढाँचा प्रस्तुत हुनेछ भने पाश्चात्य समालोचना प्रणालीका आधारमा साहित्यिक कृतिको समालोचना गर्ने अनुसन्धाता, अध्ययनकर्मीका लागि महŒवपूर्ण सामग्री हुनेछ ।
Theory of Marginal Effective Tax Rate: Concept and Methodology
Authors: Kandel Puspa
Published: January 2025

Not available.
Book Review: Globalization, Growth and Poverty: Building an Inclusive World Economy
Authors: Kandel Nav Raj
Published: January 2025

Not available.
Colonial Attitudes in The Alchemist
Authors: Churamoni Kandel
Published: January 2025

This research paper examines and analyzes the colonial attitudes embedded in Paulo Coelho’s novel, The Alchemist. The author introduces the novel through an Orientalist perspective. Santiago, the novel's protagonist, embodies a Western gaze as he navigates the foreign landscapes. He employs local characters to serve as facilitators of his growth. This dynamic perpetuates a colonial hierarchy that privileges Western knowledge and experiences over non-Western perspectives. The novel portrays non-Western cultures as exotic, simplistic, and subordinate. These reinforce stereotypes that diminish their complexities and richness. In addition to the colonial attitudes, the novel portrays the universal themes like self-discovery, personal transformation, etc. Furthermore, the study delves into the implications of spiritual universalism. This spiritual universalism frames enlightenment through a Western lens. Additionally, the research analyzes the risks of erasing the cultural specificity of the societies depicted. This study employs a postcolonial theory to explore the marginalization of a culture of the non-Western societies depicted in the text. This cultural specificity of the non-West risks the erasure of their identities and histories.
Lexicography in the Context of Evacuation Planning Issues
Authors: Iswar Mani Adhikari
Published: January 2025

Lexicography in evacuation planning refers to prioritizing and structuring the evacuation process in emergencies. It provides a systematic method for hierarchically addressing multiple objectives, ensuring that the most critical factors are resolved first. This work focuses on such an approach to the evacuation planning problem for the transit-based network. Lexicographically dynamic flow determines the optimal flow in a network like the maximum and minimum cost flow. The term lexicography is based on lexicographic ordering and refers to sorting or optimizing solutions in a way that respects a lexicographic priority. Such a priority can be considered based on the need of the network structures, objectives, demands, etc. Multi-objective optimization problems where secondary objectives are considered only after primary objectives are met also use such a technique.
Political Dynamics and Influence on Tourism Development in Chitwan
Authors: Ishwori Prasad Kandel
Published: January 2025

This study explores the influence of political dynamics and policies on tourism development in Chitwan, Nepal. Chitwan, known for its rich natural and cultural heritage, has faced opportunities and challenges in its tourism sector due to its complex political dynamics. This study uses a qualitative research approach to examine how historical events, governance, and socio-political factors have shaped tourism development, drawing on secondary data from historical documents, reports, and local archives. Additionally, informal interviews with 75 respondents, including both, domestic and international tourists, offer practical insights into the political influences on tourism. Findings indicate that while Chitwan’s tourism sector has benefited from its cultural diversity and natural beauty, it is also significantly impacted by political instability, poor infrastructure, and security challenges. Insufficient policing, high-tech security, and political unrest have hindered its potential. The study highlights the need for improved governance, infrastructure development, and a more stable political environment to promote sustainable regional tourism. This research contributes valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders aiming to enhance the tourism industry in Chitwan while addressing political challenges that affect its growth.
LOCAL TRADITIONS AND THE DYNAMICS OF DIVERSITY IN NEGERI WARAKA
Authors: Ambarita Jenri , Siahaya Agusthina , Park Mi Kyong
Published: January 2025

This research explores religious diversity and the value of harmony in the traditions of the Waraka community using a descriptive qualitative approach. The primary objective is to analyze how religious diversity is recognized in daily life and how values of harmony are promoted through their traditions. Data collection methods include in-depth interviews, direct observation, and document review with key informants such as the King of Waraka, his wife, religious leaders from Christianity, Catholicism, and Islam, as well as community members from various religions, including the King’s daughter-in-law from Manado. The collected data was analyzed using Miles and Huberman’s data analysis techniques. The findings show that the Waraka community practices interfaith tolerance through the joint construction of places of worship and shared religious celebrations. Traditions like “Ronda Kambing” and “Natsar Negeri” serve as concrete examples of interfaith interaction that strengthen social understanding. This research concludes that the religious harmony practices in Waraka can inspire the creation of inclusive and tolerant societies globally, with an emphasis on educational approaches and more structured interfaith dialogue.
TRAUMATIC MEMORY OF DI/TII CONFLICT VICTIMS IN 1951-1966 AS MYSTICAL EXPERIENCE IN LEMBANG KADUAJA, TANA TORAJA, SOUTH SULAWESI
Authors: Rerung Alvary Exan , Susanta Yohanes Krismantyo
Published: January 2025

The DI/TII rebellion in Lembang Kaduaja, Tana Toraja, commanded by Kahar Muzakkar, was highly detrimental to the local population. The rebellion caused them to endure suffering until it became a traumatic memory for the community. We employed a qualitative approach to interpret the traumatic memory they interpreted as a spiritual experience. Therefore, phenomenological investigation is employed. The trauma memory will be examined from the perspective of Simone Weil and Dorothee Solle’s esoteric theology. The ideas of these two mystics will be compared and contrasted in order to demonstrate that the experience of suffering can also be interpreted as a form of intimacy and hospitality with God and others. Based on the dialogue, we conclude that the trauma memory experienced by the residents of Lembang Kaduaja is a supernatural event. The trauma memory encountered by the community teaches them the significance of living in peace. Tosangrapu and Siangkaran represent two dimensions of the Kaduaja community’s response to their mystic experience.
PRAWO DO ŻYWNOŚCI W POLSKIM PORZĄDKU PRAWNYM
Authors: Srogosz Tomasz
Published: January 2025

The right to food has not been confirmed in the Constitution of the Republic of Poland, unlike other social and economic rights. However, it cannot be concluded that this right does not apply in the territory of the Republic of Poland. Firstly, its source is human dignity, whereas legal norms have only a declarative function. Secondly, the validity of the legal norm in this area results from the transformation of Article 11 section 1 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights to the Polish legal system. Thirdly, the right to freedom from starvation results from Article 38 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland and Article 2 of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights. A question arises whether it would not be a better solution to include the right to adequate food (second generation) in the Constitution, following the example of the constitutions of other countries? National legal acts, including the Constitution, may successfully represent the basis for pursuing individual claims, unlike international legal provisions which are not adapted to local conditions resulting from the socio-economic situation. Meanwhile, Polish citizens have limited means of protecting the right to food, which should prompt reflection on the need to include the right to adequate food in the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. The aim of the paper could be achieved after analyzing the content and place of the right to food in public international law, comparing national constitutional solutions concerning the right to food and determining the place and content of the right to food in the Polish legal order.
WHAT ANSWERS CAN BE LEARNED FROM THE JUDGEMENTS IN THE CALI APARTMENTS AND THE VISSER CASES IN RELATION TO THE JUDGEMENT IN THE KOB SIA CASE? HOW CAN THE MEMBER STATES’ MARGIN OF APPRECIATION CHANGE IN TERMS OF LAND POLICY?
Authors: Temesi István , Korom Ágoston
Published: January 2025

Prior to the judgement in the KOB Sia case, the Member States’ margin of appreciation in land policy determined by EU law used to be defined by the primary legal provision concerning the free movement of capital, while the autonomy set forth in Article 345 TFEU in terms of the cases related to ownership did not play a significant role. The applicability of the free movement of capital required a cross-border situation, and it was recognised, at least in principle, by the case-law of the Court of Justice of the European Union that the land policy goals, such as the promotion of the creation of small and medium-sized farms and the alleviation of speculative pressure of agricultural land, are in line with the objectives mentioned in the primary law concerning the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), which focuses on the preservation of the farmers’ quality of life. Following the CJEU’s judgement in the KOB Sia case, instead of the free movement of capital, the freedom of establishment and the services directive have been applied. Unfortunately, the national regulation at issue implemented direct discrimination on grounds of nationality. Therefore, the dogmatics of the new case-law was not revealed. In any case, the services directive includes no provisions concerning land policy and the relevant case-law gives priority to secondary EU legal acts over the provisions of primary law. Nonetheless, within the scope of the application of the services directive, the case-law recognises also public interest not included in the provisions of the directive. Even though the margin of appreciation in land policy became uncertain as a result of the legal development that arose from the judgement in the KOB Sia case, we are not completely left without clues. We shall juxtapose the judgements within the scope of application of the primary law and the directive, with particular regard to the requirement of a cross-border situation, the “strictness” of the applied EU control, and the particularities of the assessment of agricultural lands.
PRZESŁANKI KARALNOŚCI PRODUKCJI LUB WPROWADZANIA DO OBROTU ŻYWNOŚCI SZKODLIWEJ DLA ZDROWIA LUB ŻYCIA CZŁOWIEKA
Authors: Urbaniak-Mastalerz Izabela
Published: January 2025

In the study, the author analysed Article 96 of the Act of 25 August 2006 on food and nutrition safety (i.e. Journal of Laws of 2023, item 1448) in the context of determining the prerequisites of punishability of production or marketing of food harmful to human health or life. The purpose of the study was to attempt to present a solution to the problem: how Article 96 of the Act of 25 August 2006 on food and nutrition safety should be properly interpreted so as to establish the actual and necessary prerequisites for the criminalisation of the production or marketing of food harmful to human health or life. The author’s own positions and de lege ferenda postulates on more effective punishment of perpetrators for this offence were also presented. The starting point for the assessment and the determination of the relevant limit was the previous line of jurisprudence of various courts as well as the views of the doctrine and the author’s own assessment.
NIEZBĘDNE DZIAŁANIA W ZAKRESIE ZDROWIA PUBLICZNEGO NA TLE REGULACJI DOTYCZĄCYCH NOWYCH TECHNIK GENOMOWYCH (NGT) STOSOWANYCH W CELU ULEPSZANIA PEWNYCH CECH ROŚLIN
Authors: Wrześniewska-Wal Iwona
Published: January 2025

This article deals with new genomic techniques (NGTs) that are currently being used to modify genomes to improve certain plant traits, such as drought tolerance and pest resistance. The European Commission’s analysis indicates that the protection model in force to date, based on Directive 2001/18, is not adequate to regulate the deliberate release of plants obtained with certain NGTs and the marketing of related products, including food and feed, and that legislation in this area needs to be adapted to scientific and technical progress. This study aims to answer the question of whether the proposed regulation of plants obtained by certain novel genomic techniques and of food and feed derived from these plants will adequately safeguard human health and life as well as the environment from possible risks associated with the development of novel genomic techniques (NGTs).
CONSULTING AS AN EFFECTIVE BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT TOOL
Authors:   Odessa National Maritime University, Pustovit Olena , Gladish Angelina ,   Odessa National Maritime University, Вoyko Irina ,   Odessa National Maritime University
Published: January 2025

Today, when the competition in the market is high, businesses must adapt quickly and constantly improve their processes in order to remain competitive.With the emergence of new technologies and the globalization of markets, consulting companies provide assistance to enterprises to make an effective transition to new techno-logies and markets, to ensure an effective management process and to increase their competitiveness. The main advantage of consulting is that it allows companies to gain access to the knowledge and experience of experts in various fields. This can be especially useful for small and medium-sized enterprises, which may not have sufficient experience and resources to solve complex problems.Consulting companies can provide recommendations on optimi-zing production processes, reducing advertising and marketing costs, and improving staff efficiency. As a result, effective consulting is a tool for business development. It allows businesses to focus on their key goals and find effective ways to achieve them.The purpose of the article is to research consulting as an effective tool for improving business processes and business development.Taking into account the goal, the main tasks of the research are to outline the key principles of the implementation of consulting services; identification of obstacles to the implementation of consulting services in the field of entrepreneurship and identification of factors that will contribute to the development of consulting.Successful consulting can lead to a significant improvement in the company's work, increasing its profitability and competitiveness. However, before turning to a consulting company, the company should make a detailed analysis of the current situation, which will help to choose a suitable professional company and ensure effective cooperation with it.So, it can be concluded that the topic of the article is relevant and has great potential for enterprises that want to develop and achieve new successes.Keywords: consulting, consulting companies, consulting services, efficiency of business processes, enterprise development
A guerra de Gaza e o discurso de não identidade palestina
Authors: França Vera , Leurquin Chloé
Published: January 2025

O objetivo deste texto é analisar o discurso de apologia da causa sionista de autoridades israelenses, bem como de negação de uma identidade palestina. Refletimos sobre a questão identitária e a polêmica do identitarismo. De que maneira o Judaísmo, o sionismo e o antissemitismo se veem articulados na construção desses discursos? Seriam os palestinos recobertos por uma não identidade? Os discursos expõem práticas colonizadoras, acionam bandeiras unificadoras de seu campo e buscam deslegitimar o campo inimigo.
Ativismo pelo clima: a ocupação como acontecimento
Authors: Babo Isabel
Published: January 2025

Propõe-se uma abordagem de uma ação de “ocupação” por parte de jovens estudantes ativistas, associados à Greve Climática Estudantil, como acontecimento que irrompe no espaço público, provocando surpresa, descontinuidade e um novo estado de coisas. A partir deste acontecimento, questiona-se em que medida a ação de acampar num espaço físico é precedida do uso dos dispositivos individuais eletrónicos de comunicação e das redes digitais sociais. Mostra-se como a copresença física e a comunicação online convivem, revelando como modalidades de ativismo físico se miscigenam com modalidades de ativismo online. Por último, interroga-se sobre a formação de uma causa comum.
Análise da utilização da Cannabis sativa na prática da clínica veterinária de pequenos animais: uma visão atual
Authors: Duarte Hellen Thawane , De Souza Luciana
Published: January 2025

In the current scenario, Cannabis sativa has been highlighted due to the increasing use of its components in the treatment of various pathologies, both in human and veterinary medicine. The present study aims to identify the ways in which Cannabis sativa is used in veterinary medical clinics today. For this, we applied a methodology for a bibliographic review, drawn up from articles dated from the last three years, which were taken from the Pubmed database, free of charge. Finally, the data found was compared and proven, where the use of Cannabis sativa in the veterinary medical clinic was verified for the treatment of chronic atopic dermatitis, epilepsy, travel-induced stress and urothelial cancer in dogs, in addition to its use as analgesics for chronic osteoarthritis in cats.
الأحاديث الواردة في أحكام المسألة في صحيح البخاري جمعًا ودراسة نقدية
Authors: الخليل سامي بن محمـد
Published: January 2025

الأهداف: يهدف البحث إلى معالجة ظاهرة عدم الاستعفاف عن المسألة، التي راجت وانتشرت في هذا الزمان، حيث كثر سؤال الناس، ومد الأيدي إليهم، والتطلع إلى ما في أيديهم، وإظهار الفاقة والحاجة أمامهم، وذلك من خلال جمع الأحاديث الواردة في أحكام المسألة في صحيح البخاري، وتخريجها تخريجًا موسعًا وفق منهج محدد، يساعد على توضيح طرقها وأسانيدها. المنهجية: اتبعت في البحث منهجًا استقرائيًا نقديًا تحليليًا، جمعت فيه الأحاديث الواردة في الاستعفاف عن المسألة، مع تخريج هذه الأحاديث تخريجًا موسعًا، ثم قمت بدراسة هذه الأحاديث ومقارنة بين المرويات والاختلافات في كل حديث ودراستها للخروج بعد ذلك بنتائج تبين المحفوظ وغير المحفوظ من مرويات هذا الباب. الخلاصة: تمت دراسة هذه الأحاديث دراسة نقدية مستعينًا فيها بالتخريج المفصل، وبلغ عدد الأحاديث المروية في هذا الباب ستة أحاديث، وقد أخرجها البخاري في سبعة أبواب متنوعة، مما يبين اهتمام البخاري بهذه المسألة، كما يتبين من الدراسة دقة البخاري في انتقاء الأسانيد والألفاظ الصحيحة وتجنبه للمعلول منها.
Innovative Custom-Made hip Resurfacing to Treat Osteoarthritis in the Presence of Retained Femoral Hardware: a Case Report
Authors: Cerasoli Tosca
Published: January 2025

Background

Treating hip osteoarthritis in the presence of retained proximal femoral hardware presents significant challenges. Conventional total hip arthroplasty techniques require hardware removal, which increases surgical complexity and risks and may not always be feasible, with reported success rate ranging from 85% and 95%. This case describes the innovative use of a custom-made hip resurfacing prosthesis combined with 3D-printed cutting guides to address the challenges posed by the non-removable hip screw plate.

Case Presentation

A 68-year-old female presented with advanced hip osteoarthritis and a retained hip screw plate that could not be removed due to extensive osseointegration. Conventional implants were not feasible as the plate and screw occupied the intramedullary space. A custom-made hip resurfacing prosthesis was designed to bypass the hardware entirely. 3D-printed cutting guides were utilized to ensure precise preparation of the femoral head surface, which enabled accurate implant placement to avoid the screw. Although an early postoperative infection occurred, it was successfully managed, and the patient achieved excellent functional recovery.

Discussion

This case highlights the limitations of existing solutions for managing retained hardware during total hip arthroplasty. While cutting guides are widely used in other orthopedic fields, their application in hip resurfacing with non-removable hardware is novel. These 3D-printed cutting guides, which are typically employed to enhance surgical precision in other procedures, were instrumental in ensuring accurate femoral head preparation and implant alignment in this case, thus reducing surgical risks and optimizing outcomes. This case demonstrates how the use of custom-made resurfacing implants and 3D-printed guides can address complex surgical challenges that conventional techniques cannot resolve, and, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is the first reported case that utilized a custom-made resurfacing prosthesis combined with 3D-printed cutting guides.
Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in differential diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract
Authors: Yakovenko V
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Neuroendocrine tumors are rare tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. The differential diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumors remains poorly understood.
Objective. To evaluate the efficacy of endosonography in diagnosing neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract.
Materials and methods. We analyzed 59 cases involving the use of endoscopic ultrasound for the differential diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumors in the digestive tract.
Results. Endoscopic ultrasound is an effective method for the differential diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract.
Conclusions. Endoscopic ultrasound diagnosis allows us to differentiate tumor neyrendokrinni tract.
Clinical case. Successful endoscopic treatment of an epiphrenic diverticulum of the esophagus using diverticular peroral endoscopic myotomy (D-POEM)
Authors: Kryvoruk O
Published: January 2025

Today, thanks to technological advancements in the field of endoscopy, it is now possible to incorporate new minimally invasive endoscopic treatment methods for various gastrointestinal tract pathologies into the daily practice of endoscopists. Over the last decade, peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) has become a widely used modern treatment for esophageal achalasia. This technique is characterized by minimal trauma to the esophageal mucosa, high efficacy, and a short rehabilitation period due to the creation of a submucosal tunnel with myotomy of the circular muscle layer directly under the mucosa, followed by the application of endoscopic clips to the mucosotomy site. After some time, a new variation of the above method appeared in patients with epiphrenic diverticulum, called diverticular peroral endoscopic myotomy (D-POEM).This publication presents a clinical case of successful endoscopic treatment of epiphrenic esophageal diverticulum — diverticular peroral endoscopic myotomy (D-POEM). Previously, the patient conducted video gastroduodenoscopy, followed by computed tomography of the thoracic cavity with contrast. The patient was hospitalized in the surgical department of Clinical hospital “Feofaniya” as planned with a clinical diagnosis: epiphrenic diverticulum of the esophagus. After surgery, the general condition of the patient improved. In patients with epiphrenic diverticulum, this technique can be considered as an alternative to laparoscopic or open surgery, as diverticular peroral endoscopic myotomy minimizes the risk of postoperative complications and reduces the rehabilitation period.
"Na dnie" Maksyma Gorkiego w interpretacji polskiego teatru (na przykładzie wybranych spektakli)
Authors: Gracla Jadwiga
Published: January 2025

The subject of this sketch is a reflection on two productions of Gorky’s The Lower Depths by Leon Schiller and Krystian Lupa. The starting point for the analysis is the remarks situating Gorky's drama within the circle of philosophical problems. In this understanding, it becomes a story about the strength and power of man, as well as the conflict between truth and lies. Despite the stereotypes regarding the perception of this drama, thanks to the successful techniques and gimmicks used by both directors, the performances created by them became the apotheosis of man. They also responded to the need of their times – the power of creation of the post-war time and the power of the dream of the present. In both cases, they managed to see and show the universal values encoded in the text, resulting in multidimensional performances that interpret Gorky's text in a universal and timeless way.
Powroty w przeszłość. "Wrócę przed nocą" Jerzego Szperkowicza jako przykład autoterapeutycznego reportażu autobiograficznego
Authors: Chłosta-Zielonka Joanna Maria
Published: January 2025

The aim of the article is to analyze Jerzy Szperkowicz’s reportage I will return before night (2001) and indicate the results of the investigation conducted there. The reporter sets off on a journey to Belarus, and simultaneously travels in time. Reaching deep into the past in order to find new information concerning the circumstances of the murder of his parents during World War II, he once more interrogates witnesses of the crime. He also wants to find the hitherto unknown place of the grave of his mother and father. This peregrination functions as a form of self-therapy, allowing the author to organize his previously hidden emotions and settle accounts with the past.
The Pathophysiology of Syncope and the Role of Transcranial Doppler in its Diagnostic Evaluation
Authors: Cho Bang-Hoon
Published: January 2025

Syncope, defined as the transient loss of consciousness due to reduced cerebral blood flow, is a common clinical presentation across patients of all age groups; however, it poses diagnostic challenges owing to its varied etiologies, ranging from benign reflex-mediated mechanisms to more severe cardiac or autonomic dysfunctions. Traditionally, the head-up tilt (HUT) test is applied to assess syncope by simulating orthostatic stress; however, its diagnostic yield is limited, particularly in cases lacking obvious systemic hypotension. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography, a noninvasive tool for measuring cerebral blood flow velocity, provides critical insights into cerebrovascular dynamics during syncope episodes and enhances diagnostic accuracy, particularly when combined with the HUT test. TCD allows for the real-time monitoring of cerebral autoregulation and blood flow changes, and can be used to identify cerebral hypoperfusion patterns in patients with neurocardiogenic syncope, orthostatic hypotension, and orthostatic cerebral hypoperfusion syndrome. Despite the diagnostic value of TCD, challenges such as technical operator dependency, interpretation variability, and the need for standardized protocols persist. Future research directions include the integration of TCD with advanced imaging modalities, leveraging artificial intelligence and machine learning for data interpretation, and refining personalized diagnostic approaches. Standardization and technological enhancements of TCD applications further hold promise for improving syncope management by providing a nuanced understanding of cerebral hemodynamics. This review explores the pathophysiology of syncope, focusing on the reflex and orthostatic forms, and highlighting the role of TCD in syncope evaluation.
Characteristic magnetic resonance imaging Features of Disorders Causing Dorsal Column Myelopathy
Authors: Yi Juyeon , Park Hyung Jun , Joo Bio , Park Mina , Suh Sang Hyun , Ahn Sung Jun
Published: January 2025

The spinal cord is a complex and densely packed structure of nerve tissue, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an excellent imaging modality for evaluating its pathologies. Among the distinct functional zones of the spinal cord, the dorsal (or posterior) column is a crucial white matter region responsible for transmitting sensory information and is located in the posterior aspect of the spinal cord. Myelopathies of the dorsal column typically appear as high signal intensity in this region on T2-weighted images. They may arise from several pathological processes, including degenerative, metabolic, inflammatory, infectious, and traumatic conditions. Identifying the specific etiology through characteristic MRI features, along with the patient’s clinical presentation, is crucial for developing an effective treatment plan and understanding the prognosis of sensory abnormalities. This study reviews myelopathies that specifically affect the dorsal column and outlines the MRI findings that aid in the differential diagnosis of these dorsal column lesions.
RISKS OF LOGISTICS SYSTEMS
Authors: YAREMENKO O. , MATUH S. ,   Khmelnytskyi National University
Published: January 2025

According to the World Bank's rating for evaluating the efficiency of logistics processes in different countries, Ukraine is ranked 80th in terms of logistics development among 150 countries in the world. The calculation was performed using the Logistic Performance Index (LPI) and its constituents (subindices). This position is worse than in previous years and does not meet the average of most European countries. This situation testifies to the importance of exploring issues related to logistical processes at different levels, and in particular of logistical risks, not only as a condition of a destructive situation but also as an opportunity to obtain additional claims. The main purpose of the article is to investigate the importance of identifying possible logistical risks, to substantiate the necessity of organizing a logistical risk management system, to analyze and improve the existing conceptual bases of logistical risk management, to deepen theoretical and methodological approaches, to determine the main approaches to the methods of analyzing logistic experiences, to review logistic risks. It was found that the primary purpose of the risk management process is to ensure maximum sustainability for all activities of the entity by maintaining aggregate risk within the limits set by the strategy. Therefore, the experience of risk management, including logistic, in modern domestic enterprises is either fragmented or absent at all. This is due, first of all, to the lack of a methodological base, a narrow understanding of the content of risk per se, and the preponderance of the idea of increasing costs without producing a clear result. This indicates the need for further research to substantiate scientific and methodological approaches for identifying the effects of risk on the functioning of economic systems and overcoming them or using additional benefits.
Analisis Perlakuan Akuntansi berdasarkan SAK Indonesia untuk UMKM studi kasus pada X-Barue Coffee Banyuwangi
Authors: Dwi Astuti Diana , Aulia Zahra Sherly , Ningsih Wiwik Fitria
Published: January 2025

-Barue Coffee is an MSME that operates in the coffee management sector located in Kalibaru, Banyuwangi. Coffee is a plantation commodity that has a harvest period once a year, so financial management is very important in the running of this business. Good financial management must start from proper recording and quality financial reports in order to provide clear and complete financial information, and support appropriate decision making. Recording must refer to applicable accounting standards, namely the Indonesian Financial Accounting Standards for Micro, Small and Medium Entities (EMKM). This research aims to (1) analyze accounting accounting in recording transactions (2) understand in depth the financial management of X-Barue Coffee MSMEs. The method used in this research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach, data is collected through observation and interviews. The sample collection technique uses purposive sampling. The research results show that X-Barue Coffee MSMEs still use simple manual recording methods, are not in accordance with Indonesian SAK for EMKM, and there is a mixture of personal and business wealth. In financial management, X-Barue Coffee concerns planning, recording, reporting and financial control, but it is still not optimal according to the established standards.