bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peace Agreements as International Legal Acts Protecting National Minorities: The Scope Ratione Personae
Authors: Czepek Vita , Karska Elżbieta
Published: December 2021

The issue of the protection of national minorities is regulated by acts of international law, frequently arising from international agreements that have been concluded to end armed conflicts or to regulate directly their consequences. Peace treaties concluded between states are governed by the rules set out in the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. More and more peace agreements are, however, concluded by non-state actors. As indicated in Article 3 of the Convention, it cannot be excluded that these too would be international agreements, having effects in the sphere of international law. Such acts are concluded, inter alia, by insurgents or belligerents. In some cases, agreements ending non-international armed conflicts are concluded by domestic entities that are not subjects of international law. Such acts may reflect solutions that have been adopted as standards in international practice and in the provisions of international law. These do not necessarily have to be legally binding standards. They can also be framework solutions, including measures relating to the protection of national minorities, which are formulated and offered as proposals for specific regulations.
Rebound-Effekte - eine psychologische Erklärung
Authors: Reimers Hanna , Lasarov Wassili , Hoffmann Stefan
Published: December 2021

Rebound-Effekte auf der Ebene der Konsument:innen treten auf, wenn potenzielle Emissionseinsparungen, die z.B. durch den Einsatz effizienterer Technologien erreicht werden könnten, aufgrund negativer Verhaltensreaktionen teilweise oder vollständig kompensiert werden. Dieser Beitrag stellt das Konzept der moralischen Lizenzierung (engl. Moral Licensing) als zentrale Erklärung psychologisch motivierter Rebound-Effekte auf der Ebene der Konsument:innen vor.
Corporate Digital Responsibility
Authors: Kempkes Eva , Kempkes Jan A. , Suprano Francesco , Wömpener Andreas
Published: December 2021

Die fortschreitende Digitalisierung verändert die gesellschaftlichen Erwartungen an den Verantwortungsbereich und die Rolle von Unternehmen. Mithilfe von Geschäfts- und Nachhaltigkeitsberichten zeigt der vorliegende Beitrag auf, welche Chancen und Risiken die Digitalisierung zur Erfüllung der unternehmerischen Verantwortung birgt, welche Verantwortungsbereiche hinzukommen und wie diese in der Praxis ausgestaltet werden.
Transformation der SAP-Finanzorganisation
Authors: Röderer Andreas , Möller Klaus
Published: December 2021

SAP mit Hauptsitz in Walldorf zählt weltweit zu den führenden Anbietern von Geschäftssoftwarelösungen, die verschiedene Prozesse innerhalb der Unternehmen und über Unternehmensgrenzen hinweg organisieren. Das Portfolio umfasst Geschäftsanwendungen für große und mittelständische Betriebe sowie Standardlösungen für kleine und mittelgroße Firmen. Darüber hinaus unterstützt SAP mit branchenspezifischen Lösungen Kernprozesse in den Industriezweigen Handel, Finanzen, High-Tech, im Gesundheitswesen und öffentlichen Verwaltungen. SAP wurde 1972 gegründet und beschäftigt heute um die 100.000 Mitarbeiter weltweit. Der Konzernumsatz im Geschäftsjahr 2020 betrug 27,3 Mrd. €.
Sacred Water Pools of Hindu Sacredscapes in North India
Authors: P.B. Singh Rana , S. Rana Pravin , Kumar Sarvesh
Published: December 2021

The basic metaphysical frame of life in ancient India, that of sacred water (paviṭra jala) and the notion that “Water itself is life” (jala hī jivan hai), can be illustrated with case studies of two cities. Settled continuously since 1000 BCE, the cities of Varanasi and Ayodhya have been eulogized as the salvific holy-heritage cities in India known for their ritualscapes associated with sacred waters and pools. According to the ancient treatises and tales, there were fifty-four sacred tanks (kunds) and wells (kūpas) in each of these cities, and they became important sites for purification rituals, pilgrimage, healing and festive celebration by devout Hindus. After providing descriptions of the sacred water pools, this essay in part explores traditions associated with a water-pool sacred to the Sun god in both the cities. More broadly, using ancient texts, present participatory surveys, and ethnological narration, the essay considers the long-lived sacrality of water pools in these holy cities and current development strategies involving them.
Methods to align program system requirements with enterprise strategy and infrastructure
Authors: Paškevičiūtė Lina , Čaplinskas Albertas
Published: December 2021

The paper addresses the problem of achieving alignment of information system requirements and business strategy and infrastructure. Themost popular strategic alignmentmodels and enterprise architecture frameworks are reviewed. The role of these models and frameworks in the process of requirements definition and the ways to utilize them to achieve the alignment are analyzed.
Are the basics of calculus necessary in Lithuanian gymnasium?
Authors: Apynis Antanas , Šinkūnas Juozas
Published: December 2021

The article discusses the experience of Lithuania and some other European countries in respect of teaching the basics of calculus at secondary school.Attention is drawn to the fact that the basics of calculus is taught in several (2 to 4) levels in many European countries.A shift to a three-level teaching system as well as the arrangement of the state graduation examinations of mathematics according to the three-level curricula in Lithuanian gymnasia is suggested here.
Peculiarity of mathematical objects. Dimensional figures
Authors: Kavaliauskas Algis
Published: December 2021

The article deals with formulating of dimensional problems. It is shown what kind of difficulties arises when in one formula dimensional figures are used together with figures without any dimension. The problem of invariability of a formula in respect to change of dimension is introduced. Solutions of the problem are proposed.
Country macroeconomic indicators modeling features
Authors: Bratčikovienė Nomeda
Published: December 2021

Economic time series have repeatable or non-repeatable fluctuation. A pattern of a time series, which repeats at regular intervals every year, same direction, and similar magnitude is defined as seasonality. The seasonal component represents intra-year fluctuations that are more or less stable year after in a time series. Possible causes of these variations are a systematic and calendar related effects and include natural factors (for instance seasonalweather patterns), administrativemeasures (for example the starting and ending dates of the school year), social/cultural/religious traditions (fixed holidays such as Christmas), the length of the months (28, 29, 30 or 31 days) or quarters (90, 91 or 92 days).Analysts, economists, police makers use time series to make conclusions and decisions in respective area. They tray to identify important features of economic series such as short term changes, directions, turning points and consistency between other economic indicators. These points are usually in interest. Sometimes seasonal movements can make these features difficult to see and this type of analysis is not easy using raw time series data.Deterministic, TRAMO-SEATS and ARIMA-X-12 seasonal adjustment methods are analysed in this article. 1600 time serieswere simulated for solvingwhich seasonal adjustmentmethod is precise. TRAMOSEATS and ARIMA-X-12 both perform similarly for the simulated series. Econometric models of macroeconomic indicators of Lithuania reveal that modeling with seasonal adjusted data is more accurate.
Analysis of cutting stock problem metaheuristic algorithms
Authors: Pokštas Jonas , Listopadskis Narimantas
Published: December 2021

The analysis of cutting stock problem and heuristic and metaheuristic algorithms for solving it are presented in this paper.
Особливості фізичного розвитку, спеціальної плавальної та технічної підготовленості кваліфікованих ватерполістів, які виконують функцію центральних захисників
Authors: Пилипко Ольга
Published: December 2021

Мета: визначити особливості фізичного розвитку, спеціальної плавальної та технічної підготовленості кваліфікованих ватерполістів, які виконують функцію центральних захисників.

Матеріал і методи: аналіз та узагальнення літературних джерел, антропометричні та фізіологічні вимірювання, хронометрування, оцінка спеціальної плавальної, фізичної та технічної підготовленості за допомогою тестів, методи математичної статистики. Контингент досліджуваних склали спортсмени, які мали ігрове амплуа центральних захисників. Рівень їхньої спортивної кваліфікації відповідав званням МСУ та КМСУ з водного поло. Загальна кількість обстежуваних – 10 осіб.

Результати: охарактеризовано компоненти структури спеціальної підготовленості кваліфікованих ватерполістів, які виконують функцію центральних захисників, досліджено ступінь взаємозв’язку між показниками рівня фізичного розвитку, спеціальної плавальної та технічної підготовленості гравців захисту, визначено профільні параметри структури спеціальної підготовленості, які обумовлюють ефективні дії центральних захисників у чоловічому водному поло.

Висновки: структура спеціальної підготовленості кваліфікованих ватерполістів, які виконують функції центральних захисників має свої особливості. Спортсменам даного ігрового амплуа притаманні значні величини лінійних розмірів кінцівок та їх сегментів, кистьової сили, потужні рухові дії під час гри, швидке подолання відстані з м’ячем, виконання дальніх кидків. У гравців захисту найбільш тісний кореляційний взаємозв’язок існує між показниками технічної та спеціальної плавальної підготовленості. Визначення особливостей структури спеціальної під-
готовленості на підставі комплексного аналізу параметрів, що відображають рівень фізичного розвитку, технічної та спеціальної плавальної підготовленості гравців різного амплуа дозволяє ефективно диференціювати тренувальний процес у сучасному водному поло.

Ключові слова: водне поло, центральні захисники, структура спеціальної підготовленості, компоненти, взаємозв’язок, модельні характеристики.
Особливості розвитку координаційних здібностей спортсменів з фітнесу віком 8–9 років
Authors: Кизім Петро , Федоров Євген , Батєєва Наталія
Published: December 2021

Мета: визначити динаміку розвитку координаційних здібностей спортсменів з фітнесу віком 8–9 років.

Матеріал і методи: протестовано 34 спортсменів з фітнесу на початку та в кінці дослідження. Використовувалися наступні методи дослідження: теоретичний аналіз і узагальнення даних спеціальної науково-методичної літератури; педагогічне спостереження; педагогічне тестування; методи математичної статистики.

Результати: результати педагогічного дослідження розвитку координаційних здібностей спортсменів з фітнесу віком 8–9 років свідчать про значний приріст показників координаційних здібностей, які підтверджують, що застосування спеціальних комплексів вправ є ефективним підходом у навчально-тренувальному процесі.

Висновки: порівняння динаміки статистичних показників підсумкового тестування спортсменів з фітнесу віком 8–9 років показало приріст усіх протестованих показників.

Ключові слова: координаційні здібності, спортсмени, фітнес, тестування.
Methods and models of estimating energy transition on the example of Zhytomyr united territorial community
Authors:   State Institution ", Diachuk Oleksandr ,   Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine", Semeniuk Andrii ,   State Institution "Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine"
Published: December 2021

The paper presents results of scenario modelling and assessment of energy transition to 2050 in the Zhytomyr territorial community (TC), which provides for a switching from fossil carbon based energy resources in the current TC energy system functioning to 100% use of renewable energy sources (RES) which meets all energy demands and supports the Sustainable Development of TC in accordance with the relevant UN goals. For this purpose, the optimizational economic and mathematical TIMES-Zhytomyr model (no analogues in Ukraine), based on the TIMES-Ukraine model, was developed. It includes 647 energy technologies that are currently available or may be presented in the coming years in Ukrainian market. For the development of the TIMES-Zhytomyr model, a low-available local energy statistics was processed. As a result, the first energy balance by the form of the International Energy Agency for the large Ukrainian city and the basic energy-technological system of Zhytomyr TC were developed. Using the TIMES-Zhytomyr model, based on foreign and Ukrainian experience, for the first time, four scenarios of Zhytomyr TC energy system development were designed and modelled, covering all economic sectors and household sector (population). The first one is the Baseline scenario, which displays the possible dynamics of the energy system development without a purposeful energy efficiency policy, the development of RES, etc. Three other scenarios are aimed at studying TC’s transition capabilities by 2050 to 100% renewable energy and environmentally friendly technologies use. The results of modelling confirmed that the available renewable energy resource and technological potential allows Zhytomyr TC to perform the energy transition to 2050 in an economically feasible and socially acceptable way, significantly reducing energy and carbon intensity of the local economy, substantially eliminating GHG emissions, increasing the welfare of citizens and creating at least 10 thousand new workplaces. It will also significantly contribute to Zhytomyr TC to reach at least 10 of the 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals. The research results presented, due to a significant novelty and large-scale relevance of the task, are essential in both the theoretical and practical significance. They can be used by scientists for their research and by authorities and experts for development of local, regional or national level strategies, plans or programs of economic, energy, transport, climate and ecology scope. It can also be considered as one of the first steps in preparation of a comprehensive strategy for the Zhytomyr TC development to achieve climate neutrality in accordance with the current objectives of the European Union.
Optimization of macroeconomic policy and stabilization of cyclical economic dynamics
Authors:   State Institution ", Bandura Oleksandr ,   Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine"
Published: December 2021

This paper demonstrates that, despite the current mandate of monetary policy, its final goal (at least for central banks of developed countries) is the control of three main macroeconomic variables — economic growth, employment and inflation, — regardless on actual mandate for this policy. However, the priorities of realization of the final goal may face the imperfection of macroeconomic models and rules of monetary policy, which will make it impossible to control all three macroeconomic variables at the same time. The article proposes a new instrument for monetary policy — aggregate cumulative market imperfection — to optimize macroeconomic variables and stabilize cyclical economic dynamics. The author demonstrates the main competitive advantages of this instrument of monetary policy as compared with typical models of macroeconomic dynamics and simple rules of monetary policy (Simons, Friedman, and Taylor rules). In particular, this instrument is valid for any combination of market conditions, for any economy and for any moment of real time. It can be used simultaneously as: 1) a target of monetary policy; 2) a simple rule of monetary policy correction in the short-run; 3) a reaction function to evaluate a backward connection between the regulator’s actions and the effect of these actions on current economic situation; and 4) an instrument to stabilize cyclical economic dynamics; 5) an instrument to forecast starting (ending) point of recessions and shift in macroeconomic trends. If we can hold the aggregate cumulative market imperfection within a given optimal interval with the help of government regulations (i.e. to target this indicator only) using all possible instruments both of monetary, and (if necessary) of other kinds of regulation policy, we will be able to optimize all three main macroeconomic variables. Optimality of these variables means providing maximum economic growth and employment under comfortable inflation for any combination of market conditions and for any moment of calendar time, which will at the same time stabilize cyclical economic dynamics. In doing so, we will not target each of these three variables separately, that is, it is practically impossible to determine quantitatively their optimal values as they change permanently over time together with the constant change of current combination of market conditions.
Fonemas segmentales del mapudungun hablado en Icalma y configuración de un perfil fonético-fonológico del cordón cordillerano de habla mapuche-pewenche
Authors: Urrea Ancanao Paulina A. , Salamanca Gutiérrez Gastón F. Salamanca Gutiérrez
Published: December 2021

Este artículo presenta los fonemas segmentales del mapudungun hablado en Icalma y un perfil fonético-fonológico de parte importante del cordón cordillerano de habla pewenche. El marco de referencia utilizado es el descriptivismo norteamericano, cuyas propuestas provienen de Pike (1947) y se actualizan en los trabajos de Burquest (2006) y Salamanca, Cifuentes y Figueroa (2011). El instrumento utilizado fue una lista léxica de 108 ítems y la cantidad de colaboradores entrevistados fue de nueve. Con respecto a la descripción fonético-fonológica del mapudungun hablado en la zona, destacan los siguientes resultados: a) predominan las realizaciones fricativas áfonas [f] y [θ]; b) los fonos interdentales [t̟], [n̟] y [l̟], y el fono fricativo velar [ɣ], tienen estatus fonémico; y c) el fono [ʃ] no ocurre en la zona. Por otra parte, si se compara el mapudungun hablado en Icalma con el de Alto Bío-Bío, Lonquimay y Curarrehue, se aprecia, en general, una mayor afinidad con el mapudungun hablado en esta última zona.
Short Trainings on The Use of QR Code
Authors: Chehlarova Neda
Published: December 2021

A basic short training framework for using QR code with different user groups is presented. The key points of the training program with teachers and students of technical sciences are described. Some interesting editing options for users when working with this type of application are listed. Some of the results of surveys on the degree of digital competence of users to read, create and edit QR codes are given. Some professional use of QR codes and some daily activities are discussed.
Collections of Hungarian Folk Literature from the 19th Century and Their Canonisation
Authors: Szakál Anna
Published: December 2021

In the first half of the present article, I review collections of folk literature which include 19th-century folktales, placing a special emphasis on trying to establish the extent to which these texts and the associated collectors have been studied, explored, and published.
1
Next, I demonstrate which of the texts in question may be considered as part of the canon
2
of folk literature that emerged in the latter third of the 19th century, which works and authors defined the approaches that were considered relevant, and what the selection criteria for canonisation were. Alongside the interpretative canon, I shall also attempt to record the textual canon and its changes – to capture the act by which certain texts were clearly excluded from the canon while others were included by the individuals who wished to create or modify the canon. I would also like to show how the image of 19th-century collectors and collections created in the second half of the century became gradually transformed during the 20th century, and how these changes affected the place the collections in question occupy in folkloristics in general.
Introductory article for Special issue: Conceptions of early childhood and institutions in a global context
Authors: Endrődy Orsolya , Rahmatullah Bahbibi , Lénárt István
Published: December 2021

The recognition of the importance of early childhood education (ECE) has been growing continuously in recent years. Early childhood institutions are where professional pedagogy and child-rearing practices meet first in someones' life (Tobin et al., 2009), it has great significance in education. Acknowledgement of the existence of the needs of young children's education is evident, however, we have limited chances to compare different education systems outside of Europe and the United States. Realizing this situation, we came to the conclusion that it is highly necessary and required to publish such an analytical issue in the Hungarian Education Research Journal. Teacher's views and their narratives of childhood are relevant if we aim to understand the fundamental differences of ECE institutions in any region or country. In our present investigation we collected data from Hungary, Laos and Malaysia in order to acquire greater knowledge on the conceptions of early childhood in the three countries. We assumed however that the teachers' qualification and the early childcare system is diverse, yet we have found similarities among the teachers' perception.
The dilemma of instructional language in education: The case of Ghana
Authors: Appiah Samuel Opoku , Ardila Alfredo
Published: December 2021

According to Victor Hugo (1802–1885), “He who opens a school door, closes a prison”. This powerful statement demonstrates the importance of school in the development of a nation and the lives of individuals. It has been proven that the language used in early childhood education has an impact on the cognitive development and learning achievement of children in their educational arena.

Most countries in Africa are still discussing the language to be used as a medium of instruction in their educational system.

Ghana, which is known as a multilingual society with over 80 languages is not excluded from this controversy. The language policy of education in Ghana has had a complex history since the colonial era. The question of international schools in Ghana is critically examined; most of these schools do not teach any of the Ghanaian languages, but a foreign language.

Ghana, however, has been a strong advocate of the so-called African personality and the use of English as the medium of instruction is in overt opposition to this ideology. The argument about which language to be used as a medium of instruction in Ghanaian Schools has been going on for a long time without coming to a specific conclusion.
Everyday Sacred: Religion in Contemporary Quebec, edited by Hillary Kaell.
Authors: Palmer Susan J.
Published: December 2021

Everyday Sacred: Religion in Contemporary Quebec, edited by Hillary Kaell. McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2017. 368pp., Pb. CDN$32.95, ISBN-13: 9780773550957.
Engaging with the Church of Scientology and the Free Zone in the Field
Authors: Thomas Aled J. Ll.
Published: December 2021

An increasing number of scholars are turning their attention towards the study of Scientology, the New Religious Movement founded by L. Ron Hubbard. Such studies tend to focus on the institutionalized Church of Scientology (CoS). However, of increasing importance to the study of Scientology is the rise of the Free Zone—a category for groups of individuals who identify as Scientologists but practise outside the CoS. The CoS and Free Zone have experienced a turbulent history. Both groups often view one another with suspicion, raising debates concerning legitimacy and Scientological heresy. Successfully navigating between both the CoS and Free Zone in the field requires a careful approach on behalf of the scholar. Furthermore, working with both the CoS and Free Zone individually also presents specific challenges, particularly in terms of gaining the trust of fieldwork participants. This article draws from the author’s fieldwork with both the CoS and the Free Zone as a case study of the challenges faced when conducting fieldwork with minority groups in direct opposition to one another, and explores ethnographic issues that have arisen in the contemporary study of Scientology.
Un estudio de las fuentes de la «Lingüística cartesiana»: Ralph Cudworth (1617-1688)
Authors: González-Jiménez Juan-Miguel
Published: December 2021

En este artículo se realiza un estudio de tres de las obras más relevantes de Ralph Cudworth (1617-1688), mencionado por Chomsky en Lingüística cartesiana. Metodológicamente nos basamos en los pilares de la historiografía de la lingüística según Swiggers y la división en dimensión interna y externa de Brekle, utilizando como instrumento fundamental la teoría de las series textuales (Hassler; Zamorano Aguilar 2013). La hipótesis defendida y cuya demostración se desempeña en este trabajo es que el uso de la teoría cudworthiana por parte de Chomsky, si bien recoge algunos elementos epistemológicamente fundamentales, obvia aspectos claves para comprender la aportación de aquel no solo a la teoría racionalista inglesa del siglo XVII, sino también a la historiografía en general. En este sentido, percibimos, además de la alusión a una única obra de Cudworth, la parcialidad en la descripción de su teoría por parte de Chomsky.
Apuntes ecdóticos para el estudio de las fuentes en reescrituras narrativas: la patraña XX de Timoneda y las ediciones renacentistas de «El asno de oro»
Authors: Solé-Aymamí Laura
Published: December 2021

Este trabajo pone de manifiesto la conveniencia de estudiar no solo las ediciones de los modelos de la novela española de los siglos XVI y XVII sino también las ediciones en las que transmiten, sobre todo cuando son la base para reescrituras cercanas al plagio. Uno de estos casos se registra en El Patrañuelo (1567) de Juan de Timoneda. Aunque se ha demostrado que la patraña XX copia literalmente un episodio de El asno de oro de Apuleyo traducido por Diego López de Cortegana (ca. 1513), se ignoraba cuál de las ediciones manejó el narrador y dramaturgo valenciano. Este artículo examina aquellas que pudieron servirle como modelo. Tras analizar los errores comunes y las variantes, concluyo que la mejor candidata es la primera edición expurgada del romanceamiento: el texto que Iuan Steelsio publicó en Amberes en 1551.
Prólogos de ida y vuelta: Juan de Piña, Alonso de Castillo Solórzano, Francisco de Quintana, Juan Pérez de Montalbán y María de Zayas en el campo literario de Lope de Vega
Authors: Bonilla-Cerezo Rafael
Published: December 2021

El presente artículo pasa revista al diálogo y las controversias entre los paratextos de un corpus de colecciones de relatos –y de novelas largas– publicadas desde 1624 a 1637: Novelas ejemplares y prodigiosas historias (1624) y Varias fortunas (1627) de Juan de Piña; La desdicha en la constancia (1624) y El cuerdo amante (1628) de Miguel Moreno; Sucesos y prodigios de amor (1624) de Juan Pérez de Montalbán; Tardes entretenidas (1625), Jornadas alegres (1626), Tiempo de regocijo (1627), Escarmientos de amor moralizados (1628), Lisardo enamorado (1629) y Huerta de Valencia (1629) de Alonso de Castillo Solórzano; Experiencias de amor y fortuna (1626) e Historia de Hipólito y Aminta (1627) de Francisco de Quintana; y Novelas amorosas y ejemplares (1637) de María de Zayas. Se hace hincapié en el activo campo literario alrededor de Lope de Vega, en las colaboraciones de los impresores Juan González y Luis Sánchez con el librero Alonso Pérez y, sobre todo, en el “Prólogo al que leyere” y el “Prólogo de un desapasionado” del volumen de Zayas. Luego de proponer una fecha de redacción para el primero (1626), se evidencia que el autor del segundo (c. 1635-1637) fue Castillo Solórzano.
The Diversity of Weaponry in La Tene Culture Burials in Poland and Comments on the Non-burial Find of a Celtic Sword in Rzeszów
Authors: Kieca Piotr
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this work is to create a comprehensive summary of arms originating from Celtic warrior graves in Poland. The largest number of artefacts comes from La Tene culture cemeteries from Lower Silesia, in Sobocisko and Głownin. Individual warrior graves came from Podgaj, Smolec and Wiązow. Other examples of weaponry were found in the Kietrz cemetery in Upper Silesia, with Lesser Poland warrior graves from Iwanowice, Aleksandrowice, and Krakow-Witkowice. From Lesser Poland we also know of alleged graves from Krakow-Pleszow and Krakow-Wyciąże. Some comments about the non-burial find of a Celtic sword from Rzeszow will also be given. A fresh consideration of the source material has corrected the earlier interpretation and reinterpreted some aspects. A new detailed chronology will also be proposed. It will also present a very broad area of connections of Celts residing in Poland.
Comparison of influence of surfactants on thermokinetic characteristics of alkali-activated slag cement
Authors: Krivenko Pavlo , Rudenko Igor , Konstantynovskyi Oleksandr
Published: December 2021

Increasing the durability of concrete and reinforced concrete structures according to the criterion of crack resistance is a relevant task of construction materials science. To solve this task, this paper proposes effective solutions for adjusting thermofinite characteristics of alkali-activated slag cement (ASC) by using surfactants of various chemical nature in order to control the thermally-stressed state of concrete based on it (ASC concrete).
The method of calorimetry was applied to show that the problematic issue is to adjust the structure formation of ASC by anion-active surface-active substances based on complex polyesters. This is predetermined by the instability of the molecular structure of surfactants in the hydration environment of ASC due to the destruction of complex ester bonds as a result of alkaline hydrolysis.
Thermokinetic analysis has demonstrated the effectiveness of using anion-active surfactants, which do not contain ester bonds, as regulators of crack resistance of ASC concrete. Simple polyesters and multi-atom alcohols provide the ability to adjust the duration of the induction period while ensuring the required completeness of ASC hydration within a time frame. The effectiveness of cation-active surface-active substances has been shown, which are characterized by the stability of the molecular structure in the hydration environment of ASC and an increased level of adsorbing capacity.
The decrease in the effectiveness of surface-active substances has been shown, in terms of the effect on the heat release of ASC, in the following series: alkaline salt of carboxylic acid>salt of the quaternary ammonium compound>simple polyester> polyalcohol>complex polyester.
The reported results are important in view of the possibility of effective adjustment of ASC heat release by influencing the structure formation of surfactant with a certain molecular arrangement in order to predictably reduce crack formation in a thermally-stressed state and a corresponding increase in the durability of structures
Solipsism, language, and logic
Authors: Woleński Jan
Published: December 2021

In this paper on solipsism, its author argues that this philosophy is at odds with the fundamental facts concerning the use of language by people, which demonstrates that the idea of private language cannot be defended . Perhaps the most conclusive arguments against solipsism stem from me‑tamathematical theorems asserting the incompleteness of arithmetic and the undefinability of truth.
Solipsyzm i różne sprawy
Authors: Olszewski Adam
Published: December 2021

The intention of this work is to stimulate interest in solispsism, as a somewhat forgotten philosophical phenomenon. Therefore, I first present a handful of publicly available historical and philosophical facts about solispsism. In the further part of the work I try to organize the understanding of solipsism. Finally, I formulate some of my own threads concerning the research on solipsism, in particular, I formulate two arguments, one in favourand one against solipsism.
Craniophenetic Features of Cis-Kuban Population of the Early Iron Age (Preliminary Data)
Authors: Abramova Alexandra
Published: December 2021

This study was based on the material of two anthropological series originating from the territory of the kurgan cemetery sites at Volna 1 and the Starokorsunskaya settlement 2. Volna 1 is located 10 km from the village of Taman, and according to archaeologists, it could have been a previously unknown Greek Apoykia. To this date, the excavations of the monument have been fully completed, which gives us the opportunity to speak with confidence that 6th–2nd centuries BC is the period it dates back to. The second kurgan cemetery we examined belongs to Starokorsunskaya settlement No. 2 located 6 km from the village. The settlement and the adjacent necropolis have been studied by the Krasnodar archaeological expedition for almost 35 years, as a result we have an extensive anthropological collection, and a part of it became the subject of our study. The monument dates back to the period of 6th century BC – 3rd century AD and is considered to be a reference one of the largest Meotian settlements in the Kuban region. Both sites are characterized by poor preservation of bone tissue and strong skeletons fragmentation. In spite of that, we used the craniophenetic program and studied 81 skulls obtained during excavations of Volna 1 and 60 skulls from the Starokorsunskaya settlement. As a result of pairwise intragroup comparison using the chi-square of the two population groups of Volna 1 6th–4th centuries BC and 4th–2nd centuries BC we cannot speak of a statistically significant difference. When comparing the two sample population groups from Volna 1 and the Meots from the Starokorsunskaya settlement No. 2, a high similarity of the inhabitants of the Black Sea territories with the Meotes from the Kuban region was noted. Probably, this allows us to assume predominance of Meotian groups in Volna 1 population.
Kurgan-Cemeteries of Central and Eastern Regions of North Caucasus 3rd Century BC – Early 2nd Century AD (Monuments Chegem-Manaskent Type)
Authors: Malashev Vladimir , Maslov Vladimir
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to analysis of materials from kurgan-cemeteries of the foothill zone of Central and Eastern North Caucasus regions (from Kabardino-Balkaria to Caspian Dagestan) dating back to the 3rd century BC – early (first half) 2nd century AD. These sites were earlier referred to as the Chegem-Manaskent type. Main diagnostic features of these sites are similar traditions of the funeral rite and the ceramic complex. The formation of the Chegem-Manaskent cultural monuments includes the material culture, determined by traditions of the North Caucasian sedentary population, and the funeral rite based on customs of the nomadic population of the North Caucasian steppes of the early Sarmatian period. The original territory of Chegem-Manaskent culture of monuments formation was the area from the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic to the western part of the Chechen Republic. The kurgan cemeteries of the Caspian Dagestan were the result of the migration of Chegem-Manaskent culture carriers in this direction. The cultural traditions of the population formed a specific basis of the early Alanian culture of the North Caucasus (2nd–4th AD); their genetic connection is witnessed by similar funeral rite (burial in type I catacombs) and in the ceramic complex. So, the monuments of the Chegem-Manasket type underlie the formation of the monuments of the Podkumok-Khumara type, with which they are connected by the use of a catacomb burial rite with the repeated use of chamber for new graves and a ceramic complex. In addition, the ceramic complex of monuments of the circle of the Andreiauli settlement largely goes back to the ceramic tradition of antiquities Chegem-Manasket circle, complicated by the morphological influences of the tradition of Caucasian Albania including the use of the transformed catacomb burial rite with multiple use of chamber graves and the ceramic complex.
Features of T lymphocyte subpopulation profile in patients with ankylosing spondylitis undergoing genetically engineered biological therapy
Authors: Savchenko A. A. , Gritsenko O. D. , Borisov A. G. , Kudryavtsev I. V. , Serebriakova M. K. , Masterova A. A. , Shesternya P. A.
Published: December 2021

The aim of current study was to compare profiles of T cell subsets in the patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) who received different modes of genetically engineered biological therapy (GEBT). The research involved 58 patients aged 20 to 58 years diagnosed with AS and treated with anti-TNFα and antiIL-17 drugs, as well as those receiving common anti-inflammatory therapy. The AS diagnostics was based on the modified New York criteria. Disease activity was assessed by means of nomenclature approved by the Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society and Outcome Measures in Rheumatology. 45 healthy people aged 18 to 57 were included into the control group. Peripheral blood T cell subsets were analysed by multicolor flow cytometry. It was found that the T lymphocyte subpopulation profiles in AS patients showed significant differences depending on the therapy type. First, T lymphocyte counts were decreased in AS patients receiving traditional anti-inflammatory therapy, whereas relative numbers of T cells with high levels of effector potential and cytokine secretion were increased. Negative correlations between the levels of effector memory and pre-effector cytotoxic T cells and other laboratory and clinical indexes of inflammatory activity in AS may reflect lower efficiency of traditional therapy. Next, the levels of main T cell subsets in AS patients during antiIL-17 therapy fully corresponded to the control values. However, based on numerous correlations between immunological and clinical laboratory parameters, it was concluded that anti-IL-17 therapy had an inhibitory effect on the joint inflammation activity, while the state of T cell subsets was mainly dependent on standard anti-inflammatory therapy. The most pronounced changes in T cell subsets were found in AS patients during anti-TNFα therapy was associated with decreased effector potential of Th cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes. At the same time, the lowest frequency of extraskeletal manifestations was found in AS patients treated with anti-TNFα drugs. Finally, the higher efficiency of GEBT, compared with conventional methods of therapy, is determined by the effects upon immune targets of AS pathogenesis which manifested, e.g., by changes in the T lymphocyte subpopulation profile. Moreover, usage of anti-TNFα versus anti-IL-17 inhibitors was associated with greater effect upon phenotypic profile of T cells.
Physico-Chemical Characterization of a New Developed Product - â€œEnergizing Jelliesâ€
Authors: RACOLÅ¢A Emil , TOFANÄ‚ Maria , SOCACI Sonia , MUREȘAN Crina , IUONAȘ Lucian , Å¢ICREA Livia , MUREȘAN Vlad
Published: December 2021

Active people energy demands are usually fulfilled by the consumption of confectionery products. However, even if confectionery products are well known as having high energy content, in the case of hard activities, some energy supplements comprising vitamins (especially from B group) and CNS stimulants (caffeine, taurine) are necessary. The present work aimed to characterize a new developed product â€œEnergizing Jelliesâ€ which combine the high energy content of jellies type products with the properties and flavors of energy drinks. During this work it was determined the â€œEnergizing jelliesâ€ general chemical composition in terms of moisture, acidity, total and reducing sugar. The caffeine content of the premix used, syrup and jelly was also assessed. Moreover it was performed a comparison between the premix used and the final product related to volatile compounds as well as antioxidant capacity.Â  The new jelly is intended for active people, being a product easy to eat which can be consumed in small portions.
Response of Azospirillum Brasilense Bacteria to the Types and Concentrations of Different Salts
Authors: SUHAIL Faris Mohammed , MAHDI Imad Adnan
Published: December 2021

Carried out Two experiments laboratory in the Department of Horticulture - College of Agriculture Diyala University in 2011 to study the effect of salinity on the growth Azospirillum brasilense bacteria, as it included the first experiment salinisation of soil salt levels different (1.8,4 ,6 ,8 and 10) ds.m-1 for periods to incubation different (4, 8, 12 and 16) days, the results showed increasing levels of salinity caused a reduction significantly the numbers of bacteria. affected the periods of incubation affected significantly in the numbers of cells of bacteria. Gave period incubation (16) days on highest values for the numbers of bacterial cells. Was a significant effect of interaction in the numbers of bacterial cells, as it reached the highest numbers at the level of salinity (1.8) ds.m-1 and at period incubation (16)

days and gave the level (10) ds.m-1 at period incubation (8) days lower the values

Second experiment studied the effect of five salts ( NaCl , Na2So4 , MgCl2.6H2o , MgSo4.7H2o and CaCl2.2H2o ), with six concentrations (0, 0.04, 0.08, 0.12, 0.16 and 0.20) Mole.L-1 on the numbers bacterial cells Azospirillum brasilense, the results showed that increasing the level of salt reduced the numbers of bacteria cells a significant decrease irrespective of the type of salt. Mgcl2 salt gave the highest numbers irrespective of the level of salt and not significant differences for salt (MgSo4 , CaCl2 ), while the salt gave ( NaCl2 ) lower the values followed by salt (Na2 So4 ). That increasing levels of salinity affected significantly reduce the numbers of bacteria and all types of salts studied, as the salt (NaCl2 ) and at (0.16) Mole.L-1 did not record any growth of bacteria, and salt (Na2 So4) did not record any growth at (0.20) ds.m-1, recorded salt (MgSo4 ) at (0.04) Mole.L-1 higher values for the numbers of bacteria.
Impact Organic Products from Sheep's Milk on Human Health Compared to Conventional
Authors: MUNTEAN Doina
Published: December 2021

Eating habits in Sibiu area are fairly stable, the population of the area is conservative on traditional culinary habits. This paper addresses aspects of the impact of organic sheep's milk on human health by comparison with conventional products.

The study was conducted on the sheep's milk coming from farms in Sibiu Surroundings Valea Hârtibaciului, and on products derived from milk to processors in these areas that deal with promotion and marketing of cheese "Telemeaua din Marginimea Sibiului".

Presented aspects of the concept of organic products both producers and consumers. Analysis were performed to determine antibiotic residues and products mentioned.
The Effects of Different Formulation of Baking Powder on Short Biscuits Characteristics
Authors: CIOROIANU Georgiana , OGNEAN Claudia Felicia , OGNEAN Mihai
Published: December 2021

Chemical leaveners are used to give cookies, cakes, and other baked goods their characteristic textures. They produce gas when a carbon dioxide source and an acid are mixed together and come into contact with water. The most common sources of gas are sodium or potassium bicarbonate alone or in combination with ammonium bicarbonate. A great variety of acids are used in baking powder formulations. The acid are classified according to their capacity to react at lower or elevated temperature as rapid or slow acting. The aim of these study is to evaluate a very rapid acting acid (tartaric acid) and a slow to very slow acting acid (sodium acid pyrophosphate - SAPP) on the characteristics of short biscuits. The acids were added to reach 0, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of neutralizing values (VN). The biscuits height and diameter, alkalinity and sensorial profile were determined.
Exogenous ABA foliar spray treatment alleviates flooding stress in adzuki bean (Vigna angularis) during the seedling stage
Authors: XIANG Hongtao , LI Wan , WANG Xueyang , HE Ning , CAO Davei , WANG Manli , LIU Jia
Published: December 2021

Abscisic acid (ABA) plays an important role in regulating activities of antioxidant enzymes, hormone levels, accumulation of reactive oxygen species under stress. To understand the effects of exogenous ABA treatment on flooding tolerance at seedling stage in adzuki bean (Vigna angularis), the water-sensitive (WS) variety ‘Tianjinhong’ (TJH) and the water-tolerant (WT) variety ‘Longxiaodou 4’ (LXD 4) were foliar sprayed exogenous ABA with 20 μM, followed by flooding stress for 5 days under pot conditions. Our results revealed that under flooding stress at seedling stage, the contents of H2O2 and MDA, proline and soluble protein in adzuki bean leaves significantly increased, the contents of ABA, IAA and SA significantly increased, and the activities of SOD, POD and CAT also significantly increased. Flooding treatment for 5 days resulted in a significant decrease in single pot yield of LXD 4 by 8.40% and TJH by 9.91%. Foliar spray of 20 μM exogenous ABA could resist flooding stress, considerably increased the contents of proline and soluble protein, significantly decreased the contents of H2O2 and MDA, significantly increased the activities of SOD and POD, increased the contents of ABA and SA, and significantly inhibited the increase of IAA content in adzuki bean leaves. Spraying exogenous ABA significantly increased the yield of ‘LXD’ 4 by 6.95% after 4 days of flooding treatment, and ‘TJH’ by 4.46%. To sum up, there were significant differences in physiological stress among different varieties of adzuki bean under flooding stress, and spraying exogenous ABA could effectively alleviate the effects of flooding stress on physiology and yield of adzuki bean. The results of this study provided a theoretical basis for further studying the physiological mechanism of adzuki bean resisting flooding stress at seedling stage and improving the yield of adzuki bean under flooding stress. Thus, foliar spraying exogenous ABA effectively improved submergence tolerance by enhancing the activity of protective enzymes and osmoregulation. These results provided novel insights and were expected to aid in the development of more effective stress resistance cultivation methods in adzuki bean production.
Climate changes in recent decades, the evolution of the drought phenomenon and their influence on vineyards in north-eastern Romania
Authors: ZALDEA Gabi , NECHITA Ancuta , DAMIAN Doina , GHIUR Andreea D. , COTEA Valeriu V.
Published: December 2021

Unfavourable trends have been identified in the evolution of climate factors (temperatures, precipitation, etc.) over the past years, with a direct impact on the vegetative and productive potential of the vine. This calls for a reassessment of climate resources and the adaptation of cultivation technologies to the new conditions. Our paper analyses the climate data recorded between 1991 and 2020 for the Iaşi vineyard ecosystem, which allowed for the calculation of a series of bioclimatic indices and coefficients, deviations from the multiannual average values, soil moisture dynamics, and their influence on development of vegetation phenophases and grape production. The increasing tendency of the average annual temperature and the decreasing amounts of precipitation registered point to a marked warming of the vineyard climate, especially after 2000. The high values of temperatures, corroborated with the soil water deficit, determined an intensification of the atmospheric and pedological drought, a shift in vegetation phenophases, shortened development periods and a forced ripening of grapes, with a negative impact on yields, which fluctuated from one year to another. The analysis of the ecoclimate conditions over the past 30 years has highlighted an alternation of periods, a colder and wetter one between 1991 and 2006, and a warmer and dried one between 2007 and 2020.