bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incarceration and Torture in Eastern African Fiction
Authors: Gagiano Annie
Published: July 2019

This article assesses representations of imprisonment without trial and inmates’ torture in three novels depicting severely repressive, murderous regimes—Malawi’s under Hastings Banda, Ethiopia’s under the Derg, and Kenya’s under colonial and successive post-colonial rulers. In The Detainee (Kayira 1974), the narrative of a naïve, apolitical villager’s unjust detention highlights unrestrained power abuse through minions and gradually uncovers atrocities. Under the Lion’s Gaze (Mengiste 2010) depicts several visceral, appalling scenes of torture as a technique of intimidation. Dust (Owuor 2014) has fewer, but harrowingly intense scenes of pain infliction on prisoners as a political tool to silence opposition. All three texts establish their importance as archival evaluations of under-reported regimes, African literary artworks, and morally responsible evocations of undeserved suffering, communicating effectively with both local and international readerships.
Writing out of Ruins
Authors: Viljoen Shaun
Published: July 2019

This hybrid autobiographical/critical paper takes its cue from Yvonne Owuor’s paper in this volume, “Reading our Ruins: A Rough Sketch.” In her piece, Owuor combines a meditation on ruins—as physical, human, social and political—with the perspective of an autopsy, or “seeing for oneself”. In my paper I try to “see for myself” and in myself what it means to consider the ruins of District Six and the responses, individual and institutional, to its violent destruction. More specifically, I try to account for a recent oral history project completed by the District Six Museum which resulted in the writing of a food story and cookbook, District Six Huis Kombuis Tafel: Food and Memory Stories Cookbook (2016). My paper intersperses this critical account with italicised fragments of my own memoir (a work in progress) on District Six, apartheid’s psychic violence, home and food, that relate directly or tangentially to the critical segments. The memoir fragments provide a parallel tale of inner life that at times relates to and supplements the critical discourse, but also at times casts it into doubt.
Drawing the Divine Seed
Authors: Tabraiz Anas
Published: July 2019

This article connects the disparate references to India in Coetzee’s writings to his core debate on ethics. Coetzee’s novels are in dialogue with the Western philosophical and psychoanalytic tradition that privileges an intersubjective reality over the reality of the objective world. This tradition sees the common Indians, and the natives of colonies, indifferently poised at the threshold of humanity. Being barely human these indifferent multitudes are seen as dispensable objects devoid of ethical claims. Coetzee’s metafiction highlights the ways in which the intersubjective community uses language and signification to produce a closed consensual reality against the open truths of the objective world. Coetzee’s snippets from India interweave the reality of a world oblivious to Western sentience and cognition. His efforts at pulling the obscure into the divine light of the rational community becomes comparable to drawing the divine seed to fertilize an abandoned and banished version of the Eternal Feminine.
Some thoughts on the etymology of Written Manchu atanggi ‘when’
Authors: ALONSO DE LA FUENTE José Andrés
Published: July 2019

In this paper, it is argued that Written Manchu atanggi ‘when, at what time’, an obscure formation, comes from *a-te-nggi < *ai-te-nggi.
The Modernisation of Islamic Education in Ilorin: A Study of the Adabiyya and Markaziyya Educational Systems
Authors: Aliyu Sakariyau Alabi
Published: July 2019

Poised between its Emirate heritage and the mixed-religious culture of fellow Yoruba-speakers, the city of Ilorin has long served as a centre of Islamic learning in Yorubaland. In the colonial period Yoruba Muslims became strongly aware of the need to compete educationally with Christians who had access to Western education, Ilorin also became a location for the modernisation of Islamic schooling. This article explores two pedagogical models that were successfully established in Ilorin during the colonial and post-colonial period, the Adabiyya and Markaziyya. While the emergence of these madrasa-type educational systems reflects some epistemological changes away from embodied learning, the variation between different models illustrates that there are many different ways in which Islamic education can be modernised. The article also highlights that practices of embodiment continue to play an important role in Ilorin, which demonstrates the ongoing importance of Sufi values in modern Islamic education.
Hinge Propositions, Skeptical Dogmatism, and External World Disjunctivism
Authors: Walker Mark
Published: July 2019

Following Wittgenstein’s lead, Crispin Wright and others have argued that hinge propositions are immune from skeptical doubt. In particular, the entitlement strategy, as we shall refer to it, says that hinge propositions have a special type of justification (entitlement justification) because of their role in our cognitive lives. Two major criticisms are raised here against the entitlement strategy when used in attempts to justify belief in the external world. First, the hinge strategy is not sufficient to thwart underdetermination skepticism, since underdetermination considerations lead to a much stronger form of skepticism than is commonly realized. Second, the claim that hinge propositions are necessary to trust perception is false. There is an alternative to endorsing a particular hinge proposition about the external world, external world disjunctivism, which permits us to trust perception (to a point), while skirting the difficulties raised by skepticism.
What Shifts Epistemic Standards? DeRose on Contextualism, Safety, and Sensitivity
Authors: Blome-Tillmann Michael
Published: July 2019

In The Appearance of Ignorance, Keith DeRose develops a version of epistemic contextualism that combines aspects of both safety and sensitivity theories of knowledge. This paper discusses some potential problems for DeRose’s account stemming from his Rule of Sensitivity, which is meant to model upwards shifts in epistemic standards.
Conceptualising Mosque Diversity
Authors: Ahmed Abdul-Azim
Published: July 2019

There are nearly 2000 mosques in Britain by some estimates, however there is yet to develop a vocabulary to describe their diversity, akin to the common terms used to describe Christian places of worship (chapel, church, cathedral). I outline here the typology of the interspatial mosque to provide a coherent theorisation of how mosques operate, their priorities, and the ways in which they situate themselves as what are sometimes called “multipurpose” or “multifunctional mosques”. In order to pin the abstract typology to the empirical, I use several case studies, but contend that the findings can be generalised across Britain, with implications for research on mosques in other locations. The article argues mosques can be divided into three tiers, the fard, which focuses on the daily prayers, the fard kifaya, which hosts communal activities, and the sunna, which aims to recreate the prophetic example in the modern period in various ways.
Renaissances at Borders of Literary Modernity: Translations and Language Debates between the Nahḍah and the Risorgimento
Authors: Benigni Elisabetta
Published: July 2019

This article examines the possibility to draw a comparison between intellectual features of the Italian peninsula and of the Arab provinces of the Eastern Mediterranean during nineteenth century movements of “awakening” (Risorgimento and Nahḍah). By putting aside issues of national historiography, this study attempts to investigate the cultural debates in the area with a comparative approach and a focus on the concept of cultural transfer. It discusses in particular the widespread circulation of translations and the rise of debates about language, to underscore the need to interrogate the concept of modernity from a multidisciplinary and comparative perspective.
The Seldom Acknowledged Difficulties of Leading Missional Churches: Challenges Faced by Those Who Seek to Explore Different Forms of Being and Doing Church
Authors: Groza Andrew A.
Published: July 2019

The Church in Australia finds itself pushed to the margins of society and lacking the status it once enjoyed in previous generations. The importance and role of the church in society’s life is now questioned and it would seem that the church’s long term survival is being challenged. How should the church respond? One response is found in the exploration of new forms of church birthed out of missional theology – a theology that sees the church partnering with the God who is actively on mission in his world. This response however, does not come without its own inherent challenges. Leaders of missional communities within the Australian context were interviewed in an attempt to decipher what those challenges might be. The results can largely be covered under the rubrics of: Ambiguity, Anxiety, Audience and Abandonment.
Toward Re-Enchantment of the Cosmos
Authors: White David F.
Published: July 2019

Today, youth and youthfulness has become an avatar for authenticity—used to authorise everything from commodities to politics to faith. Andrew Root reveals that adding youth and youthfulness was part of a larger strategy of Christian formation that must be judged theologically inadequate and anachronistic, since it participates in “secular ii” logic of addition—more youth, institutional affiliation, information and instruction. Root believes a focus on youthfulness is a distraction which must be relinquished as we attend (in the cross-pressured secular iii) to our yearning for true authenticity, which is a manifestation of a more essential desire for transcendent union that makes central personal encounter. Root believes that the age of authenticity serves to clear the ground of the additive logic of secularity ii, making way for an experience of personhood “in Christ.” According to Root, with Luther, kenotic ministry “in Christ” must be the heart of Christian formation in this new era of secularity iii. This review of Root’s book is largely framed by deep appreciation, but also points to problematic aspects of Root’s uber-Protestant perspective that does not adequately address such priorities as analogia entis, sacramentality, beauty and re-enchantment. Only a wider embrace of Anglo-Catholic-Methodist thought can point to both the risk of idolatry of youth, and to the sacramental possibility that youth are parables of God.
Global Religious and Secular Dynamics
Authors: Casanova José
Published: July 2019

Global Religious and Secular Dynamics offers a global historical perspective that integrates European theories of modern secularization and competing theories of global religious revival as interrelated dynamics. In the first section Casanova examines the emergence of the modern religious/secular binary system of classification within a critical review of Émile Durkheim’s and Max Weber’s divergent theories of religion. The modern system of classification is contrasted with the pre-axial one, in which all reality was organized according to the binary sacred/profane, and with the post-axial one, which was organized according to the binary transcendent/immanent.

The second and third sections contrast the internal European road of secularization without religious pluralization with the external colonial road of global intercultural and religious encounters, particularly in Asia, that led to the global system of religious pluralism. The final section examines the contemporary intertwinement of religious and secular dynamics through the globalization of the immanent frame and the expansion of global denominationalism.
Review of the spoon tarsus subgroup of Hawaiian Drosophila (Drosophilidae: Diptera), with a description of one new species
Authors: LAPOINT RICHARD T. , MAGNACCA KARL N. , O’GRADY PATRICK M.
Published: July 2019

The spoon tarsus species subgroup is revised and this clade is placed in the modified tarsus group of Hawaiian Drosophila. The species boundaries in this group are discussed in light of diagnostic secondary sexual characters of males. Drosophila septuosa Hardy is regarded as a junior synonym of Drosophila percnosoma Hardy. A new species, Drosophila kikalaeleele Lapoint, Magnacca & O’Grady is described. Drosophila fastigata Hardy, a species endemic to O‘ahu, is added to the species subgroup, bringing the total number of known species to 12. An updated key to species is provided to the spoon tarsus subgroup.
New fossil Prophalangopsidae (Orthoptera, Hagloidea) from the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China
Authors: GU JUNJIE , ZHAO YUN-YUN , REN DONG
Published: July 2019

Two new species attributed to the genus Sigmaboilus Fang, Zhang & Wang, 2007 are described from the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation of Daohugou Village, Inner Mongolia, China: Sigmaboilus fuscus sp. nov., S. peregrinus sp. nov. The diagnosis of the genus is revised.
Ants of the Genus SOLENOPSIS Westwood, 1840 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Egypt with a description of the worker castes of S. cooperi Donisthorpe, 1947
Authors: SHARAF MOSTAFA R. , TAYLOR BRIAN , KLINGENBERG CHRISTIANA
Published: July 2019

The Egyptian species of the ant genus Solenopsis Westwood, 1840, are revised and keyed. Four species are recognized: S. cooperi Donisthorpe, 1947; S. lou Forel, 1902; S. occipitalis Santschi, 1911; and S. kochi Finzi, 1936 (stat. n.). Solenopsis occipitalis is recorded for the first time from Egypt. Solenopsis kochi is redescribed and elevated to species rank. Solenopsis bakri Sharaf, 2007 is synonymized under S. cooperi. The workers of S. cooperi are described for the first time, males and alate gynes are measured, and ecological notes on habitats are given. Available literature records of all the species are reviewed.
Species of the genus Sphaeronemoura (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) from continental China
Authors: LI WEIHAI , YANG DING
Published: July 2019

The genus Sphaeronemoura is reported from the Palaearctic Region for the first time, accompanied with a new species added from northern China, Sphaeronemoura songshana sp. nov. Sphaeronemoura hamistyla (Wu, 1962) is redescribed and reillustrated for comparison based on the holotype and fresh material. Their relationships with close relatives are discussed. Unassociated females for one species are also described for further understanding of the genus under informal designation. Clarification or further definition of the generic characters and remarks on questions of Shimizu & Sivec (2001) are presented.
The tadpole of the Madagascar Bullfrog, Laliostoma labrosum
Authors: SCHMIDT HEIKE , GLAW FRANK , TESCHKE MEIKE , VENCES MIGUEL
Published: July 2019

The anuran genus Laliostoma Glaw, Vences & Böhme forms, together with Aglyptodactylus Boulenger, the subfamily Laliostominae in the endemic Malagasy-Comoran family Mantellidae. Laliostoma labrosum (Cope) is the sole representative of the genus. This stout, terrestrial frog is widely distributed in open areas of western and central Madagascar and breeds in lentic waters. It is the only mantellid without intercalary elements between terminal and subterminal phalanges of fingers and toes (Glaw & Vences 2006) and has an important potential to understand the evolution of mantellid frogs (Glaw et al. 2006). The tadpoles of L. labrosum have briefly been described by Cope (1868) and Glaw & Vences (1994), with additional detailed measurements and data on natural history published by Glos & Linsenmair (2004). As a contribution to provide reliable and detailed larval descriptions of all Malagasy frog species we here update the previous descriptions based on newly collected Laliostoma tadpoles identified by DNA barcoding (Thomas et al. 2005).
Crenicichla mandelburgeri, a new species of cichlid fish (Teleostei: Cichlidae) from the Paraná river drainage in Paraguay
Authors: KULLANDER SVEN O.
Published: July 2019

Crenicichla mandelburgeri, new species, is described from the streams Tembey, Pirayuy, Pirapó and Poromoco which are Paraguayan tributaries to the Paraná River. It is similar in particular to Crenicichla niederleinii, C. mucuryna, and C. jaguarensis, distinguished by relatively small size (114 mm SL), low scale counts, and details of the colour pattern.
Review of blenniid fishes from Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Brazil, with description of a new species of Scartella (Teleostei: Blenniidae)
Authors: RANGEL CARLOS A. , MENDES LIANA F.
Published: July 2019

Species of the family Blenniidae from Fernando de Noronha Archipelago (03°51’S, 32°26’W), an oceanic island 345 km off northeastern Brazil, are reviewed in this study, which includes the description of a new species of Scartella. The new species differs from its congeners by the combination of the following characters: well-marked diagonal dark line just under the eye, tiny black spots on the head, small black and white spots along the body, 14 segmented dorsal-fin rays, 15 segmented anal-fin rays, and 23 caudal vertebrae. This is the second Scartella species described from Brazilian oceanic islands.
A new cave Sinella species from South China (Collembola: Entomobryidae)
Authors: ZHANG FENG , DEHARVENG LOUIS
Published: July 2019

Sinella whitteni sp. nov., a new cave species from South China is described. It is characterized by inner differentiated tibiotarsal chaetae ciliated, 2 inner small basal ungual teeth, serrate outer edge of the unguiculus, short smooth distal part of dens, presence of m1i and p4 on Th. II and 5 + 5 macrochaetae on central Abd. IV. The complete s-chaetotaxy is reported in the genus Sinella for the first time. It is most close to another cave species S. trogla Chen & Christiansen, 1993, from which it differs in short mucronal spine, presence of m1i, m2i2, p4 and absence of m4i on Th. II, absence of unpaired tooth on unguis, and absence of large finely ciliated chaetae on manubrium.
Notes on the bee genus Alloscirtetica Holmberg, 1909 in northern Chile with the description of two new altiplanic species and a key for the Chilean species of Eucerini (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Authors: VIVALLO FELIPE
Published: July 2019

In this paper two new species of the bee genus Alloscirtetica collected in the altiplanic region of northern Chile are described. The species Alloscirtetica larocai Urban, from Rivadavia, Region of Coquimbo is proposed as new junior synonym of A. lanosa Urban. The Peruvian species A. weyrauchi is reported from northern Chile for the first time extendingits known distributional range southward. A compilation of the distributional and floral records of the Chilean species of Eucerini is given, including a key for the indentification of all the species of the tribe occurring in Chile.
A review of Cyrtodiopsis Frey (Diptera, Diopsidae) from China
Authors: LIU LIQUN , WU HONG , YANG DING
Published: July 2019

The species of the genus Cyrtodiopsis Frey from China are reviewed. Two new species, Cyrtodiopsis pseudoconcava sp. nov. and Cyrtodiopsis yunnanensis sp. nov., are described from China. Two known species, Cyrtodiopsis concava Yang et Chen, 1996 and C. plauta Yang et Chen, 1996, are redescribed. A key to the species of the genus from China is presented.
New species and a new record of sea cucumbers from deep waters of the South African temperate region (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea)
Authors: THANDAR AHMED S.
Published: July 2019

Two new species, Pseudostichopus langeae and Psolus griffithsi, and a new South African record, Molpadia musculus Risso, are described from some deep-sea material collected off the South African west and south coasts. This material also contains the well known Pseudocnella insolens (Théel), Ocnus capensis (Théel), Rhopalodinopsis capensis Heding and an indeterminate Thyone sp.
Three new species and a new name in Diptilomiopinae from China (Acari: Diptilomiopidae)
Authors: WANG GUO-QUAN , WEI SUI-GAI , YANG DING
Published: July 2019

The following three new species in the subfamily Diptilomiopinae from Fengyangshan, Zhejiang Province, China, are described and illustrated in this paper: Acarhynchus ferrocalamus sp. nov. infesting Ferrocalamus strictus Hsueh et Keng, f. (Poaceae ); Diptacus daphniphyllus sp. nov. infesting Daphniphyllum macropodum Miq. (Daphniphyllaceae), and Diptacus symplocos sp. nov. infesting Symplocos paniculata (Thunb.) Miq. (Symplocaceae). A new name, Diptilomiopus japonicus nom. nova replacing the junior homonym Vilaia euryae Kuang & Luo 2005, is provided.
Antarctic holothuroids from the Bellingshausen Sea, with descriptions of new species (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea)
Authors: O’LOUGHLIN P. MARK , MANJÓN-CABEZA M. EUGENIA , RUIZ FRANCINA MOYA
Published: July 2019

Three new species of holothuroids from the Antarctic Peninsula and Bellingshausen Sea are described, with O’Loughin & Manjón-Cabeza as authors: dendrochirotids Cucumaria dudexa sp. nov., Psolicrux iuvenilesi sp. nov.; myriotrochid Myriotrochus hesperides sp. nov. Parathyonidium incertum Heding is discussed. Two synonymies for Antarctic holothuroids are formalised: Caespitugo citriformis Gutt is a junior synonym of Thyone scotiae Vaney; Caespitugo diversipes Gutt is a junior synonym of Cucumaria psolidiformis Vaney. Cucumaria armata Vaney is removed from inclusion in the Cucumaria georgiana (Lampert) group, and is a junior synonym of Cucumaria psolidiformis Vaney. A synonymy of Cucumaria aspera Vaney with Psolidium (Cucumaria) coatsi Vaney is rejected; Cucumaria aspera Vaney is referred to the Cucumaria georgiana (Lampert) group. Cucumaria conspicua Vaney is removed from synonymy with Psolidium (Cucumaria) coatsi Vaney, and is a junior synonym of Cucumaria psolidiformis Vaney. Thyone scotiae Vaney is referred to Crucella Gutt. Caespitugo Gutt is a junior synonym of Crucella Gutt. A new genus Cucamba O’Loughlin is erected; Cucumaria psolidiformis Vaney is referred to Cucamba O’Loughlin. A synonymy of Staurocucumis grandis (Vaney) with Staurocucumis turqueti (Vaney) is confirmed. The referral of Pseudocolochirus mollis Ludwig & Heding to Psolidiella Mortensen is confirmed. Lists of contemporary synonymies for Antarctic holothuroid species and generic referrals for Antarctic dendrochirotid species are provided. A table of holothuroid species collected from the Antarctic Peninsula and Bellingshausen Sea by the Spanish BENTART–2003 and BENTART–2006 cruises is provided.
Description of the tadpole of Hylarana aurantiaca (Anura:Ranidae) from Sri Lanka
Authors: UKUWELA KANISHKA D.B.
Published: July 2019

Presently 105 species of amphibians are known from Sri Lanka and the family Ranidae is represented by three species (Meegaskumbura and Manamendraarachchi, 2007). The genus Hylarana is represented by three species: the endemic H. gracilis, and H. aurantiaca and H. temporalis which also occur in South India (Pethiyagoda et al. 2006). Despite Hylarana aurantiaca being a common frog species in the low and mid elevations of the wet regions in Sri Lanka and India, its tadpole stages are poorly known. In this paper the tadpole of H. aurantiaca is described from specimens reared from spawn collected from central Sri Lanka.
New species and new records of Manota Williston (Diptera, Mycetophilidae) from Thailand
Authors: HIPPA HEIKKI
Published: July 2019

The following 10 new species are described: Manota avita, M. chelapex, M. chi, M. epigrata, M. obtecta, M. prisca, M. seducta, M. subferrata, M. tetrachaeta, and M. vesicaria. New records of the following species are given: Manota aconcinna Hippa, M. acutangula Hippa, M. ancylochaeta Hippa, M. clavulosa Hippa, M. collina Hippa, M. cristata Hippa, M. globigera Hippa, M. inflata Hippa, M. oblonga Hippa, M. oligochaeta Hippa, M. ovata Hippa, M. pectinata Hippa, M. pellii Hippa, M. perlobata Hippa, M. perpusilla Hippa, M. planilobata Hippa, M. procera Hippa, M. roslii Hippa, and M. simplex Hippa. The taxonomy of M. perpusilla, M. planilobata and M. procera is discussed and new descriptions of the hypopygia of the two former species are given.
Two new species of the genus Noonamyia from Hainan in China (Diptera, Lauxaniidae)
Authors: SHI LI , YANG DING
Published: July 2019

The genus Noonamyia Stuckenberg, 1971 is recorded from China for the first time. The following two species are described as new to science: Noonamyia bisubulata sp. nov. and Noonamyia umbrellata sp. nov. A key to separate these species is presented.
A new genus of cricket (Orthoptera: Gryllidae; Gryllinae) from East Asia
Authors: STOROZHENKO SERGEY YU , PAIK JONG CHEOL
Published: July 2019

The small cricket, Gryllus nipponensis, was described from Japan (Shiraki, 1913), but its generic position  was uncertain. It was placed in Gryllulus Uvarov, 1935 (Shiraki et al., 1950), and then Modicogryllus Chopard, 1961 (Chopard, 1961). Japanese authors included Gryllus nipponensis in the genus Comidogryllus Otte & Alexander, 1983 based on the shape of head and the acoustic pattern of the species (Ichikawa et al., 2000; Ichikawa et al., 2006). Later it was shown that Gryllus nipponensis was not congeneric with Australian species of Comidogryllus and placed it in Modicogryllus with uncertain subgeneric position (Storozhenko & Paik, 2007).
New additions to the hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the fjords region of southern Chile
Authors: GALEA HORIA R. , HÄUSSERMANN VERENA , FÖRSTERRA GÜNTER
Published: July 2019

We report upon eleven species of thecate hydroids collected during a recent scientific expedition to the North Patagonian Zone between southern Chiloé and Puyuguapi fjord/ Magdalena Island. One species belongs to the family Haleciidae Hincks, 1868, four to the family Sertulariidae Lamouroux, 1812, and six to the family Campanulariidae Hincks, 1868. Of them, Halecium cymiforme Allman, 1888 and Symplectoscyphus leloupi El Beshbeeshy, 1991 are redescribed based on new, fertile material. Sertularella allmani Hartlaub, 1901 is assigned to the synonymy of S. antarctica Hartlaub, 1901. Campanularia subantarctica Millard, 1971 is considered as a junior synonym of C. lennoxensis Jäderholm, 1903, and data on both the male and female gonothecae are provided. A variant of Clytia gigantea (Hincks, 1866) with smaller hydrothecae than usual is described. Sertularella sanmatiasensis El Beshbeeshy, 1991 is recorded from Chile for the first time. Although not belonging to the present collection, several notes on Kirchenpaueria curvata (Jäderholm, 1904) are provided.
The genus Manota Williston (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) in Mexico
Authors: HIPPA HEIKKI , HUERTA HERON
Published: July 2019

The genus Manota Williston is represented in Mexico by the following species: M. hidalgoensis sp. n., M. ibanezi sp. n., M. mexicapan sp. n. and M. nubicola sp. n. The first three species were found in cloud forests near Tlanchinol in the state of Hidalgo, and the fourth one in a rainforest at Dos Amates in the state of Veracruz.
New cocalodine jumping spiders from Papua New Guinea (Araneae: Salticidae: Cocalodinae)
Authors: MADDISON WAYNE P.
Published: July 2019

Six new species and three new genera of cocalodine jumping spiders are described. Restricted to New Guinea and nearby areas, the Cocalodinae are basal salticids, outside the major salticid clade Salticoida. The new genera are Yamangalea (type species Y. frewana, new species), Tabuina (type species T. varirata, new species) and Cucudeta (type species C. zabkai, new species). In addition to these type species, described are the new species Tabuina rufa, Tabuina baiteta, Cucudeta uzet, Cucudeta gahavisuka, and Allococalodes madidus. The first description of females of the genus Allococalodes is provided. Natural history observations and photographs of living specimens are provided for all five genera of cocalodines.
Ashinkailepas kermadecensis, a new species of deep-sea scalpelliform barnacle (Thoracica: Eolepadidae) from the Kermadec Islands, southwest Pacific
Authors: BUCKERIDGE JOHN S.
Published: July 2019

A new deep-sea stalked barnacle, Ashinkailepas kermadecensis sp. nov. has been recovered from a cold-water seep at depths of 1165 metres in the vicinity of the Kermadec Ridge to the northeast of the North Island, New Zealand. There are now two species of Ashinkailepas—the other, Ashinkailepas seepiophila Yamaguchi, Newman & Hashimoto, 2004, occurs in deep, cold seeps off central Japan. As there are two species within Ashinkailepas, formal diagnoses are provided for both taxa.
A review of the genus Glyptasida Casey (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Asidini)
Authors: LOCKWOOD STEPHANIE A. , POLLOCK DARREN A.
Published: July 2019

The western American genus Glyptasida Casey is redescribed and reviewed based on structural features of adult specimens. Of 22 available species or subspecies names, three were retained as valid species based on morphological characteristics and statistical analyses of selected measurements: Glyptasida sordida (LeConte), G. aegra (LeConte), and G. rugosissima (Champion). Selected structures of the three species are illustrated and a key separating the species is included. Nineteen names are synonymized as follows: G. sycophanta Casey 1912 [= G. aegra (LeConte 1858)] and the following are synonymized under G. sordida (LeConte 1853): G. costipennis (LeConte 1858), G. aegra irregularis (LeConte 1858), G. interrupta (Champion 1884), G. aegra imperfecta Casey 1912, G. aegra pigra Casey 1912, G. aegra plena Casey 1912, G. costipennis fulvisetis Casey 1912, G. crenicollis Casey 1912, G. heres Casey 1912, G. parvicollis Casey 1912, G. procrustes Casey 1912, G. sordida porcatula Casey 1912, G. stringipennis Casey 1912, G. subpubescens Casey 1912, G. turbulenta Casey 1912, G. turgescens Casey 1912, G. turgescens furtiva Casey 1912, G. turgescens obesa Casey 1912. Lectotypes are designated for G. sordida (LeConte 1853), G. costipennis (LeConte 1858), G. sordida porcatula Casey 1912, G. subpubescens Casey 1912, G. sycophanta Casey 1912, and G. turgescens Casey 1912. Preliminary data on natural history of the genus are presented.
Taxonomic Revision of the Southeast Asian Ant Genus Euprenolepis
Authors: LAPOLLA JOHN S.
Published: July 2019

The taxonomy of Euprenolepis has been in a muddled state since it was recognized as a separate formicine ant genus. This study represents the first species-level taxonomic revision of the genus. Eight species are recognized of which six are described as new. The new species are E. echinata, E. maschwitzi, E. thrix, E. variegata, E. wittei, and E. zeta. Euprenolepis antespectans is synonymized with E. procera. Three species are excluded from the genus and transferred to Paratrechina as new combinations: P. helleri, P. steeli, and P. stigmatica. A morphologically based definition and diagnosis for the genus and an identification key to the worker caste are provided.
New Cave Arrhopalitidae (Collembola: Symphypleona) from the Crimea (Ukraine)
Authors: VARGOVITSH ROBERT S.
Published: July 2019

Caecus and pygmaeus groups of species of the genus Arrhopalites Börner, 1906 are discussed and redefined. Separate generic status for pygmaeus-group sensu lato under the name Pygmarrhopalites is proposed. Five new species and one new subspecies of family Arrhopalitidae from 38 caves of 4 karstic massifs of the Crimean Peninsula are described, illustrated and compared with similar species: Arrhopalites karabiensis, A. peculiaris, Pygmarrhopalites tauricus, P. kaprusi, P. pseudoprincipalis and P. principalis skelicus. A key to the species of the family occurring in Crimean caves is given.
Co-existing species of Drapetis Meigen in Skåne (S Sweden) with description of a new species and a key to males of NW European species (Diptera: Hybotidae)
Authors: MICHELSEN VERNER , GROOTAERT PATRICK
Published: July 2019

Drapetis is a genus of tiny predaceous hybotid flies found frequently on the bark of trees. From a single locality in province Skåne (S Sweden) we report the co-existence of seven species of Drapetis. One is new and described as D. abrollensis sp. nov., and four species, D. assimilis (Fallén), D. completa Kovalev, D. infitialis Collin and D. stackelbergi Kovalev, are relatively recent additions to the list of Swedish Diptera. A key to males of the 14 species of Drapetis known from NW Europe is given. Special emphasis is given to modifications of the midleg cuticle observed in males of several species that belong to the D. exilis-species group. As shown by SEM images these modifications differ greatly between the species, both at light microscopic and ultrastructural levels. These modifications are introduced as a new set of characters in the identification key. Finally, brochosomes were detected on the midleg of three SEM-examined Drapetis species, documenting indirectly that small leafhoppers are regularly used as prey.
Awareness of European Otolaryngologists and General Practitioners Toward Laryngopharyngeal Reflux
Authors: Lechien Jerome R. , Mouawad Francois , Mortuaire Geoffrey , Remacle Marc , Bobin Francois , Huet Kathy , Nacci Andrea , Barillari Maria Rosaria , Crevier-Buchman Lise , Hans Stéphane , Finck Camille , Akst Lee M. , Karkos Petros D.
Published: July 2019

Objectives:

To investigate the current trends in management of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) among young European otolaryngologists and general practitioners (GP).

Methods:

An international survey was sent to European general practitioners and all otolaryngologists under 45 years old from the 2017 IFOS meeting. This survey was conducted by the LPR Study Group of YO-IFOS (Young Otolaryngologists of the International Federation of Otolaryngological Societies).

Results:

Among the 2500 attendees, 230 European otolaryngologists (response rate = 9%) completed the survey; an additional 70 GPs also completed the survey. GPs did not differentiate between gastroeosophageal reflux disease (GERD) and LPR, overstating GERD-related symptoms (ie, heartburn and regurgitations) in LPR clinical presentation and relying on gastrointestinal endoscopy for LPR diagnosis. Otolaryngologists also believe that GERD-related symptoms are prevalent in LPR. Knowledge of nonacid and mixed LPR and use of multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH monitoring are still limited in both groups. A therapeutic dichotomy exists between groups: GPs mainly use a 4-week once daily empiric proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) trial, while otolaryngologists use PPIs twice daily for a longer therapeutic period ranging from 8 to 12 weeks. More than 50% of GPs and otolaryngologists believe that they are not adequately knowledgeable and skilled about LPR.

Conclusion:

The majority of GPs and otolaryngologists do not believe themselves to be sufficiently informed about LPR, leading to different practice patterns and grey areas. The elaboration of international recommendations in the management of reflux is needed to improve practices.
A Curvilinear Effect of Mental Workload on Mental Effort and Behavioral Adaptability: An Approach With the Pre-Ejection Period
Authors: Mallat Charlotte , Cegarra Julien , Calmettes Christophe , Capa Rémi L.
Published: July 2019

Objective

We tested Hancock and Szalma’s mental workload model, which has never been experimentally validated at a global level with the measure of the pre-ejection period (PEP), an index of beta-adrenergic sympathetic impact.

Background

Operators adapt to mental workload. When mental workload level increases, behavioral and physiological adaptability intensifies to reduce the decline in performance. However, if the mental workload exceeds an intermediate level, behavioral and physiological adaptability will decrease to protect individuals from excessive perturbations. This decrease is associated with a change in behavioral strategies and disengagement.

Method

The experimental task was a modified Fitts’ task used in Hancock and Caird. Five levels of task difficulty were computed. Behavioral and physiological adaptability was indexed by the performance with speed–accuracy trade-off and PEP reactivity.

Results

A curvilinear effect of task difficulty on PEP reactivity was significant, with high reactivity at the intermediate level but low reactivity at other levels. We observed a linear effect of task difficulty on error rate and a curvilinear effect on movement time. A decline in performance was noted up to the intermediate level, with a speed–accuracy trade-off above this level showing a faster movement time.

Conclusion

We observed for the first time behavioral and physiological adaptability as a function of mental workload.

Application

The results have important implications for the modeling of mental workload, particularly in the context of the performance-sensitive domain (car driving and air traffic control). They can help guide the design of human–computer interaction to maximize adaptive behavior, that is, the “comfort zone.”
Sustainable Rural Water Supply Schemes and Sri Lankan Community-based Organisations
Authors: Wijesinghe Lalith , Ilangangedara Darshani , Gunarathne L.H.P.
Published: July 2019

With a majority of the world’s poor living in rural areas, focusing on rural water supply, sanitation and hygiene is necessary if Millennium Development Goals are to be achieved. Therefore, donor agencies invest a significant amount of funds on rural water and sanitation projects. These rural water supply schemes (RWSS) are usually proposed to be managed by community-based organisations. Therefore, sustainability has become a widely discussed aspect in the agendas of programmes related to these projects. Benefits can be obtained by developing a framework for measuring sustainability and identifying the factors affecting the sustainability of RWSS. This can help to predict sustainability before implementing projects and to take necessary actions to enhance the sustainability during the project implementation stage itself. This conceptual and practice-based study was carried out to develop a framework to assess and compare the sustainability of community-based RWSS and to identify the factors affecting them.
Peace agreement design and public support for peace: Evidence from Colombia
Authors: Tellez Juan Fernando
Published: July 2019

Conflict negotiations are often met with backlash in the public sphere. A substantial literature has explored why civilians support or oppose peace agreements in general. Yet, the terms underlying peace agreements are often absent in this literature, even though (a) settlement negotiators must craft agreement provisions covering a host of issues that are complex, multidimensional, and vary across conflicts, and (b) civilian support is likely to vary depending on what peace agreements look like. As a result, we know much less about how settlement design molds overall public response, which settlement provisions are more or less controversial, or what citizens prioritize in conflict termination. In this article, I identify four key types of peace agreement provisions and derive expectations for how they might shape civilian attitudes toward conflict termination. Using novel conjoint experiments fielded during the Colombian peace process, I find evidence that citizens evaluate agreements based primarily on how provisions mete out justice to out-group combatants, and further that transitional justice provisions produced sharp divisions among urban voters in the 2016 referendum. Additional analysis suggests that material, distributive concerns were particularly salient for rural citizens. The results have implications for understanding the challenge of generating public buy-in for conflict termination and sheds light on the polarizing Colombian peace process.
Book review: Ravindra K. Jain, Innovative Departures: Anthropology and the Indian Diaspora
Authors: Bhattacharjee Srinita , Sahoo Ajaya K.
Published: July 2019

Ravindra K. Jain, Innovative Departures: Anthropology and the Indian Diaspora, New Delhi: Routledge, 2018, 169 pp., ₹650 (Hardback). ISBN: 978-1-138-49383-4.
Dating Early Christian Papyri: Old and New Methods – Introduction
Authors: Mazza Roberta
Published: July 2019

This article provides a methodological introduction to the issues and questions raised in the dossier: How can we attribute a date to ancient papyri when it is not indicated in the text? What methods have been employed so far for dating and how reliable are they? What kind of conscious and unconscious biases underpin the attribution of a date to Christian papyri in particular? Is scientiﬁc analysis a more reliable means than palaeography to establish the age of composition of an ancient text? After discussing some research performed on papyri from the Rylands collection, bearing early Christian texts, the author addresses some of the strengths and pitfalls of any of the methods currently available, ranging from palaeography to radiocarbon dating and Raman spectroscopy. In conclusion, it is argued that more clarity and transparency are needed in the way motivations for attributing a date to a fragment are provided in academic publications and that only a multidisciplinary approach can partially overcome the problems at stake.
Dating Papyri: Familiarity, Instinct and Guesswork1
Authors: Choat Malcolm
Published: July 2019

This article surveys the history of palaeographical dating of papyri, reﬂecting on its origins as a system, and what lessons this might have for contemporary practice. In examining the beginnings of palaeography as a discipline in the late seventeenth century with the work of scholars such as Jean Mabillon, it highlights the concerns of that period, especially the authenticity of documents. In this context, palaeographical dating was only one (though of course an important component) of a range of tools scholars used to date and authenticate texts. In the same way, contemporary scholars use an array of methods to date the texts they study, including script, language, content, and the physical properties of the ink and its support. This article highlights the importance of understanding the limitations of each of these methods, whether caused by their subjective nature or the current limits of scientiﬁc knowledge, and emphasizes one of the key lessons of Mabillon’s practice, the broad familiarity with many types of script and manuscript which allow these to be properly contextualized and understood.
Labour Migration Within India: Motivations and Social Networks
Authors: Reja Md Selim , Das Bhaswati
Published: July 2019

Large-scale interstate labour migration within India is facilitated by the freedom of movement for citizens within this huge nation state. However, such internal labour migration within India remains largely unstudied and offers huge scope for gaining significant new knowledge. Focusing particularly on migrant construction workers from West Bengal moving to Kerala, this article specifically examines the motivations of these migrants and the role of social networks in the development of such migration streams. A field survey in Kerala indicates that Kerala’s Gulf connection and rapid demographic transition have resulted in significant reduction of local supplies of labour, thus attracting more migrants from other states in India due to better job opportunities, higher wages and good payment systems. Networks within migrant groups, especially friends’ contacts, are found to be the strongest factor in supporting this migration process.
Effects of an advance care planning educational programme intervention on the end-of-life care attitudes of multidisciplinary practitioners at an acute hospital: A pre- and post-study
Authors: Hamayoshi Miho , Goto Sayoko , Matsuoka Chiyo , Kono Ayumi , Miwa Kyoko , Tanizawa Kumi , Evans Catherine , Ikenaga Masayuki
Published: July 2019

Background:

Advance care planning is a crucial end-of-life care practice. However, an advance care planning educational programme for practitioners in an acute care setting has not yet been established. Consequently, we examined the effects of an advance care planning educational programme in an acute hospital in the hope of achieving increased awareness of end-of-life care.

Design:

A mixed-methods, pre- and post-design was employed to evaluate the change in attitudes of practitioners post-programme. The intervention programme was conducted thrice over 3 months in 90-min sessions.

Setting/participants:

This study included 85 participants in the baseline assessment working at B acute hospital in Osaka.

Results:

Participants’ scores on the ‘Positive attitude for end-of-life care’ subscale on the short version of the Frommelt Attitude Toward Care of Dying scale significantly increased after the 6-month intervention. A ‘Positive attitude for end-of-life-care’ implies that participants would not be afraid to practice end-of-life care. Further, participants’ scores on the ‘Death relief’ subscale of the Death Attitude Inventory also significantly increased. The term ‘Death relief’ means that death helps in ending suffering. It means participants are not afraid of death. Qualitative results implied that participants believed advance care planning implementation and communicating with patients and patients’ families were critical.

Conclusions:

Six months post-intervention, participants displayed sustained positive attitudes towards end-of-life care. These results suggest that the present programme was effective at improving practitioners’ attitudes towards patients’ end-of-life care.
A Challenge within Macromarketing: Global Disasters
Authors: Iacobucci Dawn
Published: July 2019

This essay reflects on the burgeoning literature by marketing scholars in addressing various aspects of global disasters, from both natural and man-made causes. Marketing scholarship into elements of disaster management may be an example of a phenomenon in the “macro cross” posited by Peterson (2016). Disaster events are numerous and striking, with most comprising some element of consumption, hence, marketers might be well-poised to contribute to preparedness and recovery.
The critical radius in sampling-based motion planning
Authors: Solovey Kiril , Kleinbort Michal
Published: July 2019

We develop a new analysis of sampling-based motion planning in Euclidean space with uniform random sampling, which significantly improves upon the celebrated result of Karaman and Frazzoli and subsequent work. In particular, we prove the existence of a critical connection radius proportional to [Formula: see text] for n samples and d dimensions: below this value the planner is guaranteed to fail (similarly shown by Karaman and Frazzoli). More importantly, for larger radius values the planner is asymptotically (near-)optimal. Furthermore, our analysis yields an explicit lower bound of [Formula: see text] on the probability of success. A practical implication of our work is that asymptotic (near-)optimality is achieved when each sample is connected to only [Formula: see text] neighbors. This is in stark contrast to previous work that requires [Formula: see text] connections, which are induced by a radius of order [Formula: see text]. Our analysis applies to the probabilistic roadmap method (PRM), as well as a variety of “PRM-based” planners, including RRG, FMT*, and BTT. Continuum percolation plays an important role in our proofs. Lastly, we develop similar theory for all the aforementioned planners when constructed with deterministic samples, which are then sparsified in a randomized fashion. We believe that this new model, and its analysis, is interesting in its own right.