bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TLR4-mediated IRAK1 activation induces TNF-α expression via JNK-dependent NF-κB activation in human bronchial epithelial cells
Authors: Park Sae Hoon , Choi Hye-Jin , Lee So Young , Han Joong-Soo
Published: November 2015

The purpose of this study was to identify the mechanism of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in BEAS-2B. Toll-like receptor (TLR)4-specific siRNA was found to completely abolish the LPS-induced expression of MyD88 and TNF-α. There was enhanced binding of MyD88 with IRAK1 following LPS treatment, and MyD88- or IRAK1-specific siRNAs decreased the expression of TNF-α. In addition, IRAK1 siRNA downregulated the phosphorylation of PKCα, demonstrating that PKCα is a downstream effector of IRAK1. Inhibition of PKCα completely blocked the activation of AKT, whereas inhibition of AKT with a PI3K inhibitor prevented the LPS-induced expression of TNF-α. We found that AKT activated JNK, which then stimulated phosphorylation of Iκ-Bα, resulting in NF-κB activation. As expected, inhibition of NF-κB completely inhibited the expression of TNF-α. Taken together, our results suggest that LPS induces TNF-α expression by activating NF-κB via the PKCα/PI3K/AKT/JNK pathway, which is in turn dependent on MyD88/IRAK1.
Coeliac disease
Authors: Anderson Cheryl , Berrill James
Published: November 2015

Coeliac disease is an autoimmune condition where there is damage to the small intestine triggered by exposure to dietary gluten. Gluten is the collective name for proteins contained in wheat, barley and rye. This article aims to inform readers on the current guidance on when and how to investigate patients for possible coeliac disease, and how to manage patients with the condition.
Extensor Digitorum Brevis Transfer Technique to Correct Multiplanar Deformity of the Lesser Digits
Authors: Hobizal Kimberlee B. , Wukich Dane K. , Manway Jeffrey
Published: November 2015

Lesser digital deformities may present a surgical challenge to even the most skilled foot and ankle surgeon. Multiplanar toe deformities, including the crossover toe, are especially difficult to correct with reproducible results. Undercorrection, pain, stiffness, and recurrent deformity are well reported throughout foot and ankle literature. The goal of this article is to describe a method of correcting digital deformity utilizing the extensor digitorum brevis tendon transfer and a biotenodesis screw. The controlled tension established with the extensor tendon provides the necessary stability for multiplanar correction of multiplanar digital deformities. This technical tip article should serve as pilot study for future evaluation of this method of correction.

Levels of Evidence: Level IV: Case series
Neuroscience Application to Noncontact Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Prevention
Authors: Grooms Dustin R. , Onate James A.
Published: November 2015

Context:

Many factors, including anatomy, neuromuscular control, hormonal regulation, and genetics, are known to contribute to the noncontact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk profile. The neurocognitive and neurophysiological influences on the noncontact ACL injury mechanism have received less attention despite their implications to maintain neuromuscular control. Sex-specific differences in neurocognition may also play a critical role in the elevated female ACL injury risk. This report serves to frame existing literature in a new light to consider neurocognition and its implications for movement control, visual-motor function, and injury susceptibility.

Evidence Acquisition:

Sources were obtained from PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and LISTA (EBSCO) databases from 1990 onward and ranged from diverse fields including psychological and neuroscience reviews to injury epidemiology and biomechanical reports.

Study Design:

Clinical review.

Level of Evidence:

Level 5.

Results:

Neurological factors may contribute to the multifactorial ACL injury risk paradigm and the increased female injury susceptibility.

Conclusion:

When developing ACL injury prevention programs, considering neurocognition and its role in movement, neuromuscular control, and injury risk may help improve intervention effectiveness.
What kind of person would do something like that? A Christian ecological virtue ethic
Authors: Bouma-Prediger Steven
Published: November 2015

In my book For the Beauty of the Earth: A Christian Vision of Creation Care (2001, rev edn 2010) I develop a set of ecological virtues from a Christian perspective. Although there are now monographs, e.g. Character and Environment: A Virtue-Oriented Approach to Environmental Ethics (2007), and anthologies, e.g. Environmental Virtue Ethics (2005), in this burgeoning field, scant attention has been given to it by Christians. In this article I show the importance of ecological virtue ethics, especially to pedagogy, using examples from my “Ecological Theology and Ethics” course taught during a four-week May Term in which 11 students and 4 instructors canoe, kayak, and backpack in the Adirondacks.
Physical Disability and Increased Loneliness among Married Older Adults
Authors: Warner David F. , Adams Scott A.
Published: November 2015

Examining the social context of disablement, we investigated how changes in social relations affect loneliness among married older men and women. With longitudinal data on 914 married persons from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP), we found that changes in the quality of marital and nonmarital relations moderate the effect of disability on loneliness in unexpected ways. Increases in negative marital quality buffer the effect of physical disability, while increases in nonmarital support exacerbate it. Although not predicted by existing theory, these findings are consistent with some prior work suggesting that health-related stressors, like physical disability, condition the meaning of changes in social relations. We find, however, that negative social relations ameliorate loneliness only among disabled married men; disabled married women experience increased loneliness under similar circumstances. These differences have not been previously identified. We conclude by discussing the gendered nature of the social context of disablement.
Pediatric Sonography Curriculum
Authors: Hekler Lindsey M. , Smith Lynne , Sucharew Heidi J. , Coley Brian D. , Klein Melissa D.
Published: November 2015

Diagnostic medical sonography is a leading and favored imaging technique in pediatrics. However, diagnostic medical sonography education does not include a standardized specific curriculum in general pediatric sonography. This mixed-methods study aims to (1) measure pediatric sonographers’ self-assessed knowledge, skill, and competence immediately after graduation or cross-training from radiologic technology as compared with their current levels; (2) gain insights from these sonographers of potential topics/techniques necessary to improve students’ general pediatric sonography preparation; and (3) determine their opinions about a specialized registry examination for pediatric sonography. Twenty-two sonographers completed the self-assessment survey, and 11 sonographers participated in focus groups. Experienced general pediatric sonographers reported a significant increase in self-assessed knowledge and skill. The focus groups showed five consistent themes. Sonographers agreed that development of a general pediatric sonography course concentrating on learning general pediatric-related disease processes and protocols would enhance knowledge, skill, and competence immediately after graduation or cross-training; however, opinions were mixed about adding a general pediatric sonography registry examination.
Hydrothermal alteration of chevkinite-group minerals: products and mechanisms. Part 1. Hydration of chevkinite-(Ce)
Authors: Bagiński B. , Macdonald R. , Dzierżanowski P. , Zozulya D. , Kartashov P. M.
Published: November 2015

Samples from Russia and Scotland are used to examine the interaction of the REE-Ti silicate chevkinite-(Ce) with hydrothermal fluids. Altered zones in crystals are distinguished by using areas of low intensity on backscattered-electron images, low analytical totals, increasingly large departures from stoichiometry and, in some cases, the presence of micropores. Initial alteration of the chevkinite results in strong Ca enrichment. With increasing degrees of alteration, Ca abundances drop sharply, as do those of the REE, Fe and Si. In contrast, Ti levels increase strongly, usually accompanied by higher Nb ± Th levels. The most altered zones contain up to 36 wt.% TiO2 and the formula cannot be expressed in the standard chevkinite formula. In detail, samples follow different alteration trends, presumably reflecting different P, T, fO2 and fluid composition. The Ti enrichment may have been related to a reaction front of dissolution-reprecipitation passing through the outer zones of the original chevkinite, leaving behind a reprecipitated Ti-enriched phase which may or may not be chevkinite.
Fermiite, Na4(UO2)(SO4)3·3H2O and oppenheimerite, Na2(UO2)(SO4)2·3H2O, two new uranyl sulfate minerals from the Blue Lizard mine, San Juan County, Utah, USA
Authors: Kampf Anthony R. , Plášil Jakub , Kasatkin Anatoly V. , Marty Joe , Čejka Jiří
Published: November 2015

The new minerals fermiite (IMA2014-068), Na4(UO2)(SO4)3·3H2O and oppenheimerite (IMA2014-073), Na2(UO2)(SO4)2·3H2O, were found in the Blue Lizard mine, San Juan County, Utah, USA, where they occur together as secondary alteration phases in association with blödite, bluelizardite, chalcanthite, epsomite, gypsum, hexahydrite, kröhnkite, manganoblödite, sideronatrite, tamarugite and wetherillite.

Fermiite descriptive details: pale greenish-yellow prisms; transparent; vitreous lustre; bright greenishwhite fluorescence; white streak; hardness (Mohs) 2½; brittle; conchoidal fracture; no cleavage; slightly deliquescent; easily soluble in RT H2O; densitymeas = 3.23(2) g cm–3; densitycalc = 3.313 g cm–3. Optically, biaxial (+), α = 1.527(1), β = 1.534(1), γ = 1.567(1) (white light); 2Vmeas.= 51(1)°, 2Vcalc.= 50°; dispersionr<v, distinct. Pleochroism:X,Y= colourless,Z= pale greenish yellow;X=Y<Z. Energy dispersive spectroscopic (EDS) analyses yielded the empirical formula Na3.88(U1.05O2)(S0.99O4)3(H2O)3. Fermiite is orthorhombic,Pmn21,a= 11.8407(12),b= 7.8695(5),c= 15.3255(19) Å,V= 1428.0(2) Å3andZ= 4. The structure (R1= 2.21% for 1951Io> 3σI) contains [(UO2)(SO4)3] chains that are linked by bonds involving five different Na–O polyhedra to form a framework. The mineral is named for Italian-American theoretical and experimental physicist Dr. Enrico Fermi (1901–1954).

Oppenheimerite descriptive details: pale greenish-yellow prisms; transparent; vitreous lustre; bright greenish-white fluorescence; white streak; hardness (Mohs) 2½; slightly sectile; three good cleavages, {110}, {011} and {101}; irregular fracture; slightly deliquescent; easily soluble in RT H2O; densitycalc = 3.360 g cm–3. Optically, biaxial (+), α = 1.537(1), β = 1.555(1), γ = 1.594(1) (white light); 2Vmeas.= 72(2)°, 2Vcalc.= 70°; dispersion isr>v, moderate, inclined; optical orientation:X≈ ⊥ {101},Z≈ [111]; pleochroism: X very pale greenish yellow, Y pale greenish yellow, Z greenish yellow; X < Y < Z. EDS analyses yielded the empirical formula Na1.94(U0.97O2)(S1.02O4)2(H2O)3. Oppenheimerite is triclinic,P1,a= 7.9576(6),b= 8.1952(6),c= 9.8051(7) Å, α = 65.967(5), β = 70.281(5), γ = 84.516(6)°,V= 549.10(8) Å3andZ= 2. The structure (R1= 3.07% for 2337Io> 3σI) contains [(UO2)(SO4)2(H2O)] chains that are linked by bonds involving two different Na–O polyhedra to form a framework. The mineral is named for American theoretical physicist Dr. J. Robert Oppenheimer (1904–1967).
Calreticulin mutants in mice induce an MPL-dependent thrombocytosis with frequent progression to myelofibrosis
Authors: Marty Caroline , Pecquet Christian , Nivarthi Harini , El-Khoury Mira , Chachoua Ilyas , Tulliez Micheline , Villeval Jean-Luc , Raslova Hana , Kralovics Robert , Constantinescu Stefan N. , Plo Isabelle , Vainchenker William
Published: November 2015

Key Points

Calreticulin type I and type II mutants are drivers of the disease as they induce thrombocytosis in a retroviral mouse model. Thrombopoietin receptor MPL is required for calreticulin mutants to induce an essential thrombocythemia phenotype in transplanted mice.
Expanded endothelial progenitor cells mitigate lung injury in septic mice
Authors: Güldner Andreas , Maron-Gutierrez Tatiana , Abreu Soraia Carvalho , Xisto Debora Gonçalves , Senegaglia Alexandra Cristina , Barcelos Patty Rose da Silva , Silva Johnatas Dutra , Brofman Paulo , Gama de Abreu Marcelo , Rocco Patricia Rieken Macedo
Published: November 2015

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) improve survival and reduce organ failure in cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis; however, expanded EPCs may represent an even better approach for vascular repair. To date, no study has compared the effects of non-expanded EPCs (EPC-NEXP) with those of expanded EPCs (EPC-EXP) and mesenchymal stromal cells of human (MSC-HUMAN) and mouse (MSC-MICE) origin in experimental sepsis. One day after cecal ligation and puncture sepsis induction, BALB/c mice were randomized to receive saline, EPC-EXP, EPC-NEXP, MSC-HUMAN or MSC-MICE (1 × 105) intravenously. EPC-EXP, EPC-NEXP, MSC-HUMAN, and MSC-MICE displayed differences in phenotypic characterization. On days 1 and 3, cecal ligation and puncture mice showed decreased survival rate, and increased elastance, diffuse alveolar damage, and levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-α, vascular endothelial growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor in lung tissue. EPC-EXP and MSC-HUMAN had reduced elastance, diffuse alveolar damage, and platelet-derived growth factor compared to no-cell treatment. Tumor necrosis factor-α levels decreased in the EPC-EXP, MSC-HUMAN, and MSC-MICE groups. IL-1β levels decreased in the EPC-EXP group, while IL-10 decreased in the MSC-MICE. IL-6 levels decreased both in the EPC-EXP and MSC-MICE groups. Vascular endothelial growth factor levels were reduced regardless of therapy. In conclusion, EPC-EXP and MSC-HUMAN yielded better lung function and reduced histologic damage in septic mice.
Cryopreservation of equine mesenchymal stem cells in 95 % autologous serum and 5 % DMSO does not alter post-thaw growth or morphology in vitro compared to fetal bovine serum or allogeneic serum at 20 or 95 % and DMSO at 10 or 5 %
Authors: Mitchell Alexis , Rivas Kristen A. , Smith Roger , Watts Ashlee E.
Published: November 2015

Introduction

Equine superficial digital flexor tendon injury is a well-accepted model of human tendon injury and is routinely treated with local injections of autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Identification of a clinically safe medium for short-term cryopreservation of MSCs prior to cell implantation would streamline laboratory and clinical procedures for autologous regenerative therapies. Veterinary experience with short-term (MSCs prepared after the injury has occurred) cryopreserved MSCs in naturally occurring injury in the horse will be of value to human practitioners.

Methods

Equine bone marrow derived MSCs were cryopreserved in 6 different solutions consisting of 20 % serum, 10 % DMSO and 70 % media or 95 % serum and 5 % DMSO. Serum was autologous serum, commercially available pooled equine serum or fetal bovine serum (FBS). Cell survival, morphology and growth kinetics were assessed by total cell number, measurement of growth kinetics, colony-forming-unit-assay and morphology of MSCs after monolayer culture post-thaw.

Results

There were no significant differences in post-thaw viability, total cell number, morphology scores or growth kinetics among the 6 solutions. Post thaw viabilities from each group ranged from 80-90 %. In all solutions, there were significantly fewer MSCs and the majority (99 %) of MSCs remained in the original generation 24 hours post-thaw. Seventy two hours post-thaw, the majority of MSCs (50 %) were proliferating in the fourth generation. Mean colony count in the CFU-F assay ranged from 72 to 115 colonies.

Conclusions

Each of the serum sources could be used for short-term cryopreservation of equine bone marrow derived MSCs. Prior to clinical use, clinicians may prefer autologous serum and a lower concentration of DMSO.
De novo assembly of Dekkera bruxellensis: a multi technology approach using short and long-read sequencing and optical mapping
Authors: Olsen Remi-Andre , Bunikis Ignas , Tiukova Ievgeniia , Holmberg Kicki , Lötstedt Britta , Pettersson Olga Vinnere , Passoth Volkmar , Käller Max , Vezzi Francesco
Published: November 2015

Background

It remains a challenge to perform de novo assembly using next-generation sequencing (NGS). Despite the availability of multiple sequencing technologies and tools (e.g., assemblers) it is still difficult to assemble new genomes at chromosome resolution (i.e., one sequence per chromosome). Obtaining high quality draft assemblies is extremely important in the case of yeast genomes to better characterise major events in their evolutionary history. The aim of this work is two-fold: on the one hand we want to show how combining different and somewhat complementary technologies is key to improving assembly quality and correctness, and on the other hand we present a de novo assembly pipeline we believe to be beneficial to core facility bioinformaticians. To demonstrate both the effectiveness of combining technologies and the simplicity of the pipeline, here we present the results obtained using the Dekkera bruxellensis genome

Methods

In this work we used short-read Illumina data and long-read PacBio data combined with the extreme long-range information from OpGen optical maps in the task of de novo genome assembly and finishing. Moreover, we developed NouGAT, a semi-automated pipeline for read-preprocessing, de novo assembly and assembly evaluation, which was instrumental for this work.

Results

We obtained a high quality draft assembly of a yeast genome, resolved on a chromosomal level. Furthermore, this assembly was corrected for mis-assembly errors as demonstrated by resolving a large collapsed repeat and by receiving higher scores by assembly evaluation tools. With the inclusion of PacBio data we were able to fill about 5 % of the optical mapped genome not covered by the Illumina data.
Transversus abdominal plane (TAP) block for postoperative pain management: a review
Authors: Jakobsson Jan G. , Wickerts Liselott , Forsberg Sune , Ledin Gustaf
Published: November 2015

Transversus abdominal plane (TAP) block has a long history and there is currently extensive clinical experience around TAP blocks. The aim of this review is to provide a summary of the present evidence on the effects of TAP block and to provide suggestions for further studies.

There are several approaches to performing abdominal wall blocks, with the rapid implementation of ultrasound-guided technique facilitating a major difference in TAP block performance. During surgery, an abdominal wall block may also be applied by the surgeon from inside the abdominal cavity.

Today, there are more than 11 meta-analyses providing a compiled evidence base around the effects of TAP block. These analyses include different procedures, different techniques of TAP block administration and, importantly, they compare the TAP block with a variety of alternative analgesic regimes.

The effects of TAP block during laparoscopic cholecystectomy seem to be equivalent to local infiltration analgesia and also seem to be beneficial during laparoscopic colon resection. The effects of TAP are more pronounced when it is provided prior to surgery and these effects are local anaesthesia dose-dependent. TAP block seems an interesting alternative in patients with, for example, severe obesity where epidural or spinal anaesthesia/analgesia is technically difficult and/or poses a risk. There is an obvious need for further high-quality studies comparing TAP block prior to surgery with local infiltration analgesia, single-shot spinal analgesia, and epidural analgesia. These studies should be procedure-specific and the effects should be evaluated, both regarding short-term pain and analgesic requirement and also including the effects on postoperative nausea and vomiting, recovery of bowel function, ambulation, discharge, and protracted recovery outcomes (assessed by e.g., postoperative quality of recovery scale).
Varicella Zoster Virus in the Nervous System
Authors: Gilden Don , Nagel Maria , Cohrs Randall , Mahalingam Ravi , Baird Nicholas
Published: November 2015

Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is a ubiquitous, exclusively human alphaherpesvirus. Primary infection usually results in varicella (chickenpox), after which VZV becomes latent in ganglionic neurons along the entire neuraxis. As VZV-specific cell-mediated immunity declines in elderly and immunocompromised individuals, VZV reactivates and causes herpes zoster (shingles), frequently complicated by postherpetic neuralgia. VZV reactivation also produces multiple serious neurological and ocular diseases, such as cranial nerve palsies, meningoencephalitis, myelopathy, and VZV vasculopathy, including giant cell arteritis, with or without associated rash. Herein, we review the clinical, laboratory, imaging, and pathological features of neurological complications of VZV reactivation as well as diagnostic tests to verify VZV infection of the nervous system. Updates on the physical state of VZV DNA and viral gene expression in latently infected ganglia, neuronal, and primate models to study varicella pathogenesis and immunity are presented along with innovations in the immunization of elderly individuals to prevent VZV reactivation.
STRATEGIC PROBLEMS OF NONCOMMERCIAL SECTOR IN SUSTAINABLE SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGION (REGIONAL SYSTEM OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION)
Authors: Кожевина  , Kozhevina Olga , Тонжеракова  , Tonzherakova Altynay
Published: November 2015

In article results of research of mechanisms of sustainable social and economic development of the region, influence of a role of noncommercial sector, in particular, of regional system of professional education, are presented to realization of strategic tasks. Object of supervision Altai Republic – the cross-border region is chosen, one of which stability conditions is the ecological focused economic activity. The system of professional education is urged to provide needs of economy of the region for knowledge and competences. By results of the conducted research the main directions of development of the social sphere of the region are proved, the procedural mechanism of realization of actions and projects of strategy of development of professional education is developed, parameters of efficiency of regional comprehensive programs of development of professional education are determined.
SOCIAL AND LABOR DEVELOPMENT OF CULTURAL CAPITAL OF SOLDIERS AND SERGEANTS
Authors: Ершов  , Ershov Vyacheslav
Published: November 2015

The processes of the development of cultural capital of soldiers and sergeants having military service under the contract are considered. The trends of growth of not only the potential of cultural capital, but also of its professional accumulation are revealed.

The relationship of these processes with the increase of revenues, improvement of financial status and consumption of contract servicemen are substantiated. The peculiarities of the implementation of labor accumulation of cultural capital of military soldiers and sergeants are shown.

Thus, as a result of the analysis of empirical data, the trends not only of the potential of cultural capital, but also of its professional accumulation are identified, which manifests itself in the growth of revenues, improving financial status and prosperity, consumption of contract servicemen.
INFLUENCE OF POLITICAL EDUCATION ON THE PROCESS OF STUDENTS’ SOCIALIZATION
Authors: Варфоломеева  , Varfolomeeva Anzhelika , Чуйков  , Chuykov Oleg
Published: November 2015

The article describes the process of formation of political education as an independent, integral part of political education, which is due to the interest of the society to the training of qualified, knowledgeable people in the field of personnel policy. The authors show that political education, realized in the universities of our country, has a significant influence on the process of socialization of students. The formation of such values and qualities as patriotism, citizenship, political activity, civic culture through political education promotes successful social adaptation of youth in modern Russian society. This process is complex and long, and consists of three levels: basic, fundamental and higher.
LEGAL POLICY ON ISSUES OF THE CHILDHOOD AS A SPHERE OF STATE ACTIVITY: THEORETICAL AND LEGAL ASPECT
Authors: Селютина  , Selyutina Elena
Published: November 2015

The article presents the research results of the theoretical aspects of legal policy on issues of the childhood, conducted by the author within the scientific theme of the department. The concept of legal policy is analyzed, its essence and contents are revealed, the system of bodies efficient in the development and implementation of legal policy is determined, understanding of state legal policy as a phenomenon broader than the concept of law is substantiated. Priority areas of state legal policy at the present stage are presented. Problems of legal regulation in the field of children´s rights are revealed, specific areas are suggested that need to be taken into account when developing the concept of state legal policy in the field of child protection.
PROBLEMS OF ADMINISTRATIVE RESPONSIBILITY FOR AN OFFENCE IN THE FIELD OF DRUGS TURNOVER, PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES AND THEIR PRECURSORES
Authors: Болотин  , Bolotin Igor
Published: November 2015

The article summarizes the nature and purpose of the institution of administrative responsibility in the sphere of drugs turnover and psychotropic substances, the results of modern research in this area. The problems of its improvement are considered taking into account emerging challenges and conflicts of the implementation of changes in administrative law from the standpoint of the theory of administrative law and enforcement practices and suggestions for their resolution. The problems of applying administrative expulsion to foreign citizens and people without citizenship on the basis of positions of the European Court of Human Rights, the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, generalization of the practice of the Federal courts are separately identified.

The value and arising problems from the implementation of the mechanism of legal motivation of drug users to treatment and rehabilitation are provided, and suggestions on improving administrative legal regulation in this sphere of public relations are presented.
ACTIVITY OF THE COMMISSIONER OF SDRPTS IN THE USSR IN THE CHELYABINSK REGION IN THE LATE STALINISM. 1948-1953.
Authors: Малюков  , Malyukov Egor , Чумаченко  , Chumachenko Tatyana
Published: November 2015

On the basis of archival materials of the State Archive of the Russian Federation and the United State Archive of the Chelyabinsk Region the process of the activitiy of the commissioner of SDRPTS of the USSR in the Chelyabinsk region in the late Stalinism in 1948-1953 is examined. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the main areas of the activity of the commissioner: work with the faithful petitions on opening of churches and prayer houses, reception of visitors. Specific examples of work in the reviewed period are given; the analysis of the relationship of the clergy with the commissioner and bishops (Archbishop Alexy and Bishop Toviey); specific problems in the commissioner activity are presented related to the activities of the Orthodox community in the Chelyabinsk region in the reviewed period. The analysis of the relationship of the commissioner with local party and government bodies, as well as directly with the Council for the ROC is given.
Volunteering in tourism » and «voluntourism»: Current state and prospects of development
Authors: Кобзова Светлана , Kobzova Svetlana
Published: November 2015

The article is devoted to the problem of the current state and prospects of development of volunteering in tourism and voluntourism. The correlation between the concepts "volunteering", "volunteering in tourism" and "voluntourism" is disclosed; the short historical information about development of volunteering and voluntourism is given; the examples of classic tourism volunteer movement (participation of volunteers in the Olympic games in China, programs of World Wide Opportunities on Organic Farms, projects like Hampton Save-A-Landmark, Turtle Teams, Conservation Volunteers, Appalachian Trail Conference, Tourist guide in HF Holidays, Help Exchange, United Nations Volunteers, Move Nepal and others) and tours as part of the voluntourism (international environmental expedition to Costa Rica, lake Baikal, mount Everest, the Inca Trail, programs of The China Conservation and Research Centre for the Giant Panda, Inti Wara Yassi, Earthwatch Institute) are described. The fundamental difference between these two different in form and principles of the organization types of the volunteer movement is also formulated. The article describes the present-day state and prospects of development of tourism volunteering in Russia, and among others accentuates activities of Centers for Volunteers Training, Regional centers of the tourism development, Association of volunteer centers, Volunteer tourism center of Moscow. The article presents current tourism programs and projects, which implemented in Russia such as events (sports), museums ("The Hermitage Friends Club", shares the State Darwin Museum, Polytechnical Museum, State Museum of стр. 20 из 206 Gulag History), archeological (projects of Eastern Bosporus archaeological expedition of the RAS and the fund "Archaeology"), environmental ("Great Baikal Trail" and others). At the end the list of recommendations for the development and support of travel volunteering and voluntourism on the territory of the Russian Federation is made.
Municipal enterprises and their role in effective distribution of resources between different municipal services
Authors: Морозов Владимир , Morozov Vladimir , Панова Александра , Panova Alyeksandra
Published: November 2015

This article examines the place of the municipal enterprises in the service of the local

community in general, and in the rendering of municipal services in particular. The methods of

services rendering by individual municipal authority or enterprise and the directly by local

authorities are compared. These models vary considerably in efficiency and organizational

support. These differences allow get answer to the question of the expediency of involving the

municipal enterprises to the rendering of municipal services.

The author defines the criteria, which allow assessing the place of municipal enterprises

in considered sphere and getting answer to the question of the expediency of involving of

municipal enterprises in the economy of the territory. The research also focuses on ways to

improve efficiency, accountability and transparency of the management of municipal enterprises.

A significant part of the impact and mechanism of direct responsibility to the people must

be supported with the help of supervision of municipal services, otherwise there is a great

temptation to start uncontrolled expansion and implement investments in new assets without

appropriate investments in other municipal spheres. The activity of local authorities satisfies

these criteria better than the performance of individual municipal enterprises. The financial

independence of the last mentioned more contributes to attempts to build empires and unjustified

costs. Municipal enterprises do not have unique advantages; their existence creates or

contributes to the creation of problems in the sphere of decision-making, and also leads to

unnecessary costs for the local authorities and population. Their abolishment would increase the

efficiency, accountability and transparency of the public sector.
Quality of life in patients with bronchial asthma treated with specific immunotherapy
Authors: Gniadek Agnieszka , Malinowska-Lipień Iwona , Solarz Paulina , Marcisz Elżbieta
Published: November 2015

Aim. Assessing the quality of life in patients with diagnosed bronchial asthma and undergoing specific immunotherapy.
Material and methods. The study looked at 55 patients diagnosed with bronchial asthma of the allergic origin. The diagnostic survey method was applied in the research, using a standardized questionnaire AQLQ(s) (Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire) and a questionnaire compiled by the authors.
Results. The average value of the overall quality of life was 5.50 points (SD = 0.87) and it was statistically dependent on the length of period during which the symptoms of the respiratory system disease appeared (p = 0.043). The aspect of emotional functioning of patients with asthma was statistically dependent on the length of period during which the symptoms of the respiratory system disease appeared (p=0.035). Since the application of specific immunotherapy, more than a half of the respondents (58%) did not notice any deterioration of asthma symptom.
Conclusions. The specific immunotherapy that was applied had a positive impact on the quality of life of patients with asthma. The majority of respondents did not notice any deterioration of the disease symptoms, depending on the time of application of immunotherapy. Failing to visit doctors regularly, as well as short treatment intervals appeared to be the most troublesome factors for people undergoing specific immunotherapy.
Measuring nurses’ knowledge about the principles of civil and criminal liability
Authors: Gotlib Joanna , Belowska Jarosława , Zarzeka Aleksander , Krupińska-Gawot Renata
Published: November 2015

Introduction. Nurses should be held legally responsible for both the damage to the patients they cause as well as the crimes they may commit.

Aim. Measuring the nurses’ knowledge about the principles of civil and criminal liability.
Material and methods. Some 100 nurses, 89% of which were women, participated in the study. The mean age: 42 years (min. 24, max. 65 years, SD: 4.112). Mean length of tenure: 22 years (min. 1, max. 40, SD: 6.001). Group 1 (40%) – had secondary and Group 2 (60%) had higher education. The 71 nurses worked in a hospital. The study was voluntary and anonymous study and consisted of 44 questions, Mann-Whitney U test, α<0,05.
Results. 99% knew that they are liable for their activities, 26 persons indicated responsibility for activities of their co-workers and their subordinates. Differences between Groups 1 and 2 were insignificant (p=NS). A majority of them mentioned three types of liability: civil, criminal, and professional. Among them, 79% knew that a nurse is criminally liable even for putting a patient’s health or life at risk (p<0.449). Some 50% of the study participants knew that civil liability is regulated by the Civil Code.
Conclusions. The level of knowledge of legal and professional responsibility was insufficient. The nurses’ educational level did not exert any influence over their level of knowledge. Preparing a post-graduate training targeted to nurses has to be considered.
Dietary habits of secondary school young people and the influence of the family on this behavior
Authors: Grochowska Aneta , Bodys-Cupak Iwona , Kołpa Małgorzata , Moździerz Kazimiera , Kotara Agata
Published: November 2015

Introduction. Numerous dietary problems may appear during the adolescence period. The young body, particularly during the period of intensive growth, needs more energy and building elements. Bad feeding habits in children and teenagers hugely influence their development and everyday functioning. Special attention needs to be paid to children’s and teenagers’ dietary habits.

Aim. The aim of this work was to determine how much influence does a family have over the possible eating disorders in secondary school young people.

Material and methods. The study was conducted in May 2012 and it included 160 young people. One half of them attends municipal schools, whilst the other half dwells in the countryside. The research was conducted using the diagnostic survey method. Both the author’s own and a SCOFF questionnaire were used (Sick – vomiting, Control – control, Others – others, Fourteen – fourteen, Food – food). The BMI was also used. A statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS application.

Conclusions. The research shows that there is a connection between the presence of eating disorders and the functioning of the family. The children who were closely tied with their families were less likely to show any overeating tendencies. Children raised in the presence of overprotective parents were more likely to show an exaggerated concern about their weight.
Job satisfaction among medical staff with particular reference to the nurses
Authors: Kozak-Putowska Dorota , Putowski Michał , Piskorz Jolanta , Wójcik Gustaw
Published: November 2015

Introduction. The higher the doctors’ and nurses’ work satisfaction rates are, the better the quality of patient care. There are many factors influencing job satisfaction. Low salaries, working environment, relations with superiors, working hours and low prestige, especially of the nursing job is the main causes of dissatisfaction. Measuring the nurses’ professional satisfaction and constant improvements in this field are necessary.

Aim. The aim of the work was to assess the level of job satisfaction among the medical staff.

Material and methods. The research was conducted on a group of health care employees of different hospitals in Lublin, Warszawa and Tarnobrzeg – 73 people selected at random. A diagnostic survey using the authors’ own questionnaires was applied.

Results. The vast majority (83.5%) of the medical staff likes their job. Among those respondents, some 84.9%, take satisfaction from their work. Practically every respondent is dissatisfied with the salaries they receive – 94.5%. Working conditions at the place of employment are usually satisfactory. The vast majority (89%) of the respondents declared that the work they do makes them tired.

More than a half of the respondents have determined their job as dangerous. Fifty six per cent of them were likely to recommend a medical profession as a career choice to the next generation of students.

Conclusions. Medical staff declare that they like their work and feel satisfied with it. The vast majority of medical staff is not satisfied with their salary. There is a relationship between relations with the superior and the fact that an employee likes their work.
Risk of attrition from Bachelor’s degree of Nursing programme – predictive evaluation
Authors: Panczyk Mariusz , Zarzeka Aleksander , Belowska Jarosława , Gotlib Joanna
Published: November 2015

Aim. Measuring the dropout risk among the 1st degree students of the Nursing Department at the Faculty of Health Sciences at the Medical University of Warsaw (MUW).

Materials and methods. 887 students (age average 20.0 ± 2.87; 90% women) who undertook full-time studies of the 1st degree at the Nursing Department at the Faculty of Health Sciences at MUW. A model on non-linear estimation for the function of logistic regression with the odds ratio (OR) estimated for each predictor was used in evaluating predictive factors that are of potential influence on the risk of attrition.

Results. Three out of four socio-demographic factors significantly heightened the dropout risk: gender – male (OR = 3.035), Warsaw as a place of completing high school (OR = 1.598) and having passed the older type of the maturity exam (OR = 1.536). The following criteria of admission can be deemed as relevant predictors of failure: Polish language (OR = 1.021) and an additional subject (OR = 1.011) (two out of three).

Conclusions. The results of the study show that the current admission criteria fail, particularly when it comes to admitting students with a potentially high risk of dropping out. It is necessary to monitor and register the reasons of dropping out / being removed from the list of students further, so as to assess the risk of attrition more adequately in the future.
Students’ and health care professionals’ attitudes towards people with disabilites – a review of reports
Authors: Strugała Magdalena , Zielińska Aleksandra , Majchrzycki Marian
Published: November 2015

There are different sorts of stereotype, prejudice or discrimination against the handicapped individuals, which obviously influences the social attitude towards such people. This article contains an assessment of students’ attitudes toward people with different disabilities. The assessment was done on the basis of literature review. The authors of this paper have briefly described some of the research tools used to assess these attitudes: the scale ATDP – Attitudes Towards Disabled People; scale SADP – scale of Attitudes Toward Disabled Persons; scale DSATHS – Dental Students’ Attitudes Toward the Handicapped Scale; scale CDP – Contact with Disabled Persons Scale and questionnaire IDP – Interaction with Disabled Persons; instrument ATPDSC – Attitudes Toward Physically Disabled College Students.
Based on a literature analysis, it might be noticed that medical students or healthcare professionals, like individuals from outside the healthcare sector, do not necessarily have positive attitudes toward disabled people.
Organisational factors affecting policy and programme decision making in a public health policy environment
Authors: Zardo Pauline , Collie Alex , Livingstone Charles
Published: November 2015

Organisational factors can affect the success of interventions aimed at increasing research use. Research is needed to identify organisational factors affecting research use in specific public health policy contexts. Qualitative interviews with decision makers from a specific public health context identified a range of organisational factors that affected policy and programme decision making. Interestingly, factors affecting decision making generally were comparable to factors that affect research use specifically, highlighting the complexity of policy and programme decision making. Results revealed a window of opportunity to frame increased research use as part of broader organisational change aimed at improving policy and programme development and outcome measurement.
Antecipação de tutela ex officio: garantia de acesso à ordem jurídica justa
Authors: Nunes Douglas Sausedo
Published: November 2015

Conceder a tutela sem que haja o requerimento expresso da parte interessada, pode projetar uma discussão principiológica, talvez. Por outro lado, é sabido que o nosso sistema legal parte do primado da celeridade, da efetividade e da economicidade da demanda, todos capazes de amenizar a celeuma. A segurança jurídica, constitucionalmente garantida, é mitigada em razão esses postulados, em face da efetividade. É exatamente nesse ponto, a efetividade jurisdicional, que se vê cada vez mais primordial “constitucionalizar” o instituto da antecipação a tutela, visando a  sua concessão de ofício,  sobretudo quando na casuística não se consegue produzir um efeito real,  justo e adequado.
A modulação dos efeitos temporais da decisão em controle concentrado de constitucionalidade: garantia à segurança jurídica
Authors: Gretter Eloise Mari
Published: November 2015

Por meio do art. 27 da Lei n.º 9.868/99, o Supremo Tribunal Federal tem se utilizado da técnica de modulação dos efeitos temporais no controle concentrado de constitucionalidade das leis e atos normativos, que lhe permitem manipular o efeito contido nas decisões. O presente estudo aborda a evolução histórica no Brasil, os mecanismos de controle e a modulação dos efeitos da decisão em controle concentrado de constitucionalidade à luz do princípio constitucional da segurança jurídica.
Direito à vida privada e direito à informação: colisão de direitos fundamentais
Authors: Ardenghi Régis Schneider
Published: November 2015

Este artigo aborda a problemática do direito à vida privada e do direito à informação. Seu objetivo é examinar esses direitos à luz da Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988, buscando um consenso para as discussões que cercam esses dois princípios fundamentais tutelados no mesmo nível constitucional. O texto construído com base no estudo sobre o “Direito à vida privada e informação jornalística”,2 utilizando pesquisa bibliográfica, procurou mostrar o direito à vida e à informação como direitos fundamentais e o conflito entre esses direitos. Os resultados do estudo indicaram que a solução para o conflito entre o direito à vida privada e o direito à infor­mação deve ser buscada no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro e na interpretação das normas constitu­cionais.
A imunidade tributária do livro eletrônico
Authors: Caldas Roberto
Published: November 2015

O presente artigo, inicialmente, apre­senta o problema das dificuldades de compati­bilização da imunidade tributária do livro entre suas duas vertentes, quais sejam, a impressa e a eletrônica, como sendo o grande obstáculo a ser superado pelo Direito Constitucional e Tributário. Em seguida, versa sobre os rumos interpretativos atuais da imunidade tributária sobre livros, jornais, periódicos e o papel destinado a sua impressão. Na sequência, estuda a interpretação relativa espe­cificamente ao livro eletrônico, inclusive à luz da sua jurisprudência, concluindo por seu pleno cabi­mento
O “novo” CPC e a oportunidade desperdiçada
Authors: Ferreira Cláudia Galiberne , Enzweiler Romano José
Published: November 2015

Encontra-se em tramitação no Congresso Nacional o projeto do “novo” CPC, em sua enésima versão. Já quando de sua apresentação inicial, no Senado da República, mostrava-se o texto carente de sentido e direção. Agora, “mutilado” e “enxer­tado” por todos os lados, desidratado de cientifici­dade e utilidade como resultado de longa negociação política, refém do acaso e do descuido, resume-se a alguns poucos avanços e tantos e inexplicáveis retrocessos. Nesta breve reflexão, apresentamos a estrutura inicial do projeto do “novo” CPC, as princi­pais motivações (diretrizes) utilizadas pela comissão inicial formada no Senado da República, os cinco objetivos por ela elencados, o diálogo havido entre a Constituição Federal e o Código de Ritos para, então, pontuar os seus mais graves problemas a partir da perspectiva de quem opera no dia a dia do fórum, como Juiz de Direito e como Advogada, concluindo tratar-se de uma rara oportunidade desperdiçada.
A interpretação do “testamento” sob a ótica do direito português
Authors: Fontanella Patrícia
Published: November 2015

O testamento é fato designativo pelo qual o testador, em razão de sua autonomia, designa seus sucessíveis a partir de uma declaração com conteúdo patrimonial e/ou extrapatrimonial, que produzirá efeitos após a sua morte. Seus efeitos tem a sua causa na morte do autor, motivo pelo qual o momento de sua realização e o momento da abertura da sucessão revestem-se de grande importância jurídica para a verificação dos valores subjacentes ao testamento e determinação do sentido e do alcance correspondentes à real intenção do disponente. O presente estudo visa a contribuir com as discussões relativamente às parti­cularidades da interpretação dos testamentos, em especial, ao esclarecimento do conteúdo volitivo da declaração do de cuius, de modo a determinar os efeitos que serão produzidos em atenção aos fins por ele desejados.
Serventias extrajudiciais como instrumento de pacificação social - um modelo vencedor por sua própria natureza
Authors: Bormann Weslley , Faber Greissy Cristine Thomazi
Published: November 2015

Não é de hoje que o Judiciário Brasileiro vem enfrentando um dos motivos de maiores reclama­ções da sociedade que é especificamente a demora na prestação jurisdicional. Essa patologia que gera tensão e angústia pode ser eficazmente atenuada com o auxílio das serventias extrajudiciais que por sua própria natureza como descrito no artigo 1º da Lei 8.935/94, garantem a publicidade, autenticidade, segurança e eficácia dos atos jurídicos. Nesse passo, após o sucesso visível da Lei 11.441/07 que deu azo as serventias realizarem separações, divórcios e inven­tários é que se quer chamar atenção para essa via econômica, célere e muito segura que certamente contribuirá na pacificação social.