bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spiritual Counseling Program For Single Women In Late-Life Heterosexual Romantic Relationships Across Cultures
Authors: Pandya Samta P.
Published: December 2018

This article reports on a 2-year multi-city study on the effectiveness of a spiritual counseling program (SCP) in enhancing relationship satisfaction and reducing adjustment anxieties among single women in late-life heterosexual romantic relationships. Spiritual counseling program efficacy was greater for participants from European and US cities, Christians, elite, widowed or never married, women who participated in eight to 10 SCP rounds, and those who regularly self-practiced. The SCP is an effective intervention for the sustenance and maintenance of single women’s late-life relationships.
Benchmark fuel economy for a parallel hybrid electric three-wheeler vehicle (rickshaw)
Authors: Asghar M , Bhatti Aamir I , Izhar Tahir
Published: December 2018

The core contribution to this work is the development of benchmark fuel economy for a three-wheeler hybrid electric rickshaw and its comparison with heuristics controllers designed with optimal and non-optimal rules. Dynamic programming is used as a feasible technique for powertrain benchmark analysis. A parallel hybrid electric three-wheeler vehicle is modeled in MATLAB/Simulink through forward facing simulator. The dynamic programming technique is employed through the backward facing simulator, ensuring optimal power sharing between two energy sources (engine and motor) while keeping the battery state of charge in the charge-sustaining mode. The extracted rules from dynamic programming forming near-optimal control strategies are playing a vital role in deciding overall fuel consumption. Unlike the dynamic programming control actions, these extracted rules are implementable through the forward facing simulator. From the simulation results, it can be concluded that a substantial improvement of fuel economy is achieved through the application of dynamic programming. Rule-based (near-optimal) strategy using dynamic programming results shows about 9% more fuel consumption as compared with the dynamic programming (benchmark solution), which is then compared with non-optimal rule-based heuristics controller. It is shown that non-optimal rule-based controller has 18% more fuel consumption than dynamic programming results.
A new novel six-degree of freedom two-link manipulator using active magnetic bearing: Design, kinematics, and control
Authors: Selmy Mohamed , Fanni Mohamed , Mohamed Abdelfatah M , Miyashita Tomoyuki
Published: December 2018

Due to the absence of mechanical contact, active magnetic bearing can be electrically controlled in an accuracy of a micrometer. This makes it a good choice to be used for robot manipulation in the micrometer scale, especially in environments that need to be very clean, for example, surgery or clean rooms. Moreover, it can be used in the applications that need high precision micromotion such as semiconductor wafers manipulation. Despite all these benefits, there are few studies that have investigated the application of active magnetic bearing in the robotics field in spotless environments for micromotion applications. This article proposes a new novel six-degree of freedom two-link manipulator using two contactless joints with active magnetic bearing. The key design aspects of the proposed manipulator are presented. The proposed manipulator is designed using finite element method. Each joint roll angle is controlled using a PID-based feedback linearization controller, while a state feedback controller with integral term is used for controlling the active magnetic bearing five-degree of freedom. The stability analysis of the system, under the proposed controller, is carried out. The robustness of the controllers is tested against end effector payload variations. The results demonstrate that the proposed two-link manipulator is feasible and valid for the applications in spotless environments that need high precision accuracy micromotion control. These significant findings have indicated the feasibility of implementing this proposed manipulator in practice and open the door for developing other types of robots with complete contactless joints using active magnetic bearing.
Renal Function as a Predictor of Early Transmetatarsal Amputation Failure
Authors: Ahn Junho , Raspovic Katherine M. , Liu George T. , Lavery Lawrence A. , La Fontaine Javier , Nakonezny Paul A. , Wukich Dane K.
Published: December 2018

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major concern in patients with foot disease because it is associated with high rates of neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease, and poor wound healing. The purpose of this study was to evaluate renal dysfunction as a risk factor for reamputation after initial transmetatarsal amputation (TMA). Patients who underwent a TMA were retrospectively identified in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Of 2018 patients, reamputation after TMA occurred in 4.4%. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) was associated with 100% increased odds of TMA failure (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 2.00; 95% CI = 1.10, 3.52), 128% increased odds of major amputation (adjusted OR = 2.28; 95% CI = 1.27, 3.96), and 182% increased odds of 30-day mortality (adjusted OR = 2.82; 95% CI = 1.69, 4.64). In addition, white blood cell count >10 000/mm3 and deep infection at the time of surgery were independently associated with TMA failure. In conclusion, severe renal dysfunction is associated with TMA failure in the short-term, perioperative period. There was no incremental increase in risk of TMA failure with worsening level of renal function before ESRD. A multidisciplinary approach should be implemented in patients with CKD to prevent foot-related pathologies that may necessitate lower-extremity amputation.

Levels of Evidence: Level III: Retrospective cohort study
Bistable Perception Is Biased by Search Items but Not by Search Priming
Authors: Brinkhuis M. A. B. , Brascamp J. W. , Kristjánsson Á.
Published: December 2018

During visual search, selecting a target facilitates search for similar targets in the future, known as search priming. During bistable perception, in turn, perceiving one interpretation facilitates perception of the same interpretation in the future, a form of sensory memory. Previously, we investigated the relation between these history effects by asking: can visual search influence perception of a subsequent ambiguous display and can perception of an ambiguous display influence subsequent visual search? We found no evidence for such influences, however. Here, we investigated one potential factor that might have prevented such influences from arising: lack of retinal overlap between the ambiguous stimulus and the search array items. In the present work, we therefore interleaved presentations of an ambiguous stimulus with search trials in which the target or distractor occupied the same retinal location as the ambiguous stimulus. Nevertheless, we again found no evidence for influences of visual search on bistable perception, thus demonstrating no close relation between search priming and sensory memory. We did, however, find that visual search items primed perception of a subsequent ambiguous stimulus at the same retinal location, regardless of whether they were a target or a distractor item: a form of perceptual priming. Interestingly, the strengths of search priming and this perceptual priming were correlated on a trial-to-trial basis, suggesting that a common underlying factor influences both.
The Multicultural School Counseling Behavior Scale: Development, Psychometrics, and Use
Authors: Greene Jennifer H.
Published: December 2018

The Multicultural School Counseling Behavior Scale (MSCBS) is designed to aid in measuring an important and overlooked area of the multicultural counseling competence of school counselors. This article presents the development, a pilot study, and initial psychometric properties of the MSCBS and provides implications for school counselors and future research.
The Changing Room in Physical Education as Cross Roads Between Fields and Curricula: The Experiences of Norwegian Students
Authors: Moen Kjersti Mordal , Westlie Knut , Skille Eivind Åsrum
Published: December 2018

With a survey of physical education (PE) among a national representative sample of fifth to tenth grade students ( N = 3,226) in Norway, we investigated how students experience the changing room situation in relation to PE classes. Most students find the changing room situation unproblematic, while some report problems. A majority (59.6%) of the students disagreed with the statement “I experience that an adult is looking after us when we change/shower.” It seems PE teachers, especially the male teachers, consider the lesson finished when students move from the gym into the changing room. We question whether we can learn from earlier formal curricula in Norway on how changing room activity was more adequately implemented in accordance with the sociopolitical aspects relevant at the time. Today, these are about Bildung, mentioned in both the general part of the curriculum and the PE curriculum. However, the lack of clarity makes the changing room a contested field, open for struggles of hegemony within fields.
Temperature effects on the interfacial behavior of functionalized carbon nanotube–polyethylene nanocomposite using molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Singh Akhileshwar , Kumar Dinesh
Published: December 2018

The present study investigates the interfacial behavior of functionalized carbon nanotube–polyethylene nanocomposite at different temperatures using molecular dynamics simulations, utilizing the second-generation polymer consistent force field. The carboxylic acid group is used to functionalize the carbon nanotube. In order to calculate interfacial interaction energy and interfacial shear strength of the nanocomposite, various pull-out tests are performed at different temperatures in the range of 1–400 K. The effect of functionalization on the interfacial interaction energy, interfacial shear strength, and glass transition temperature of the nanocomposite are studied in comparison to pristine carbon nanotube–reinforced nanocomposite. Results reveal that for all temperatures and degrees of functionalization, the chirality (i.e. armchair and zigzag) of carbon nanotube has a significant effect on interfacial interaction energy and interfacial shear strength of the nanocomposite. It is also found that functionalizing the carbon nanotube in carbon nanotube–polyethylene nanocomposite enhances its interfacial shear strength at different temperatures. Furthermore, a sudden drop in the value of interfacial interaction energy and interfacial shear strength of the pristine as well as functionalized carbon nanotube–reinforced nanocomposite is observed at a temperature near to its glass transition temperature.
A multimodal reading of public protests
Authors: Day Sarah , Seedat Mohamed , Cornell Josephine , Suffla Shahnaaz
Published: December 2018

Public protests in (un)democratic polities, reflective of discursive articulations of resistance and material expressions of struggle, seek to disrupt prevailing unjust societal, political and cultural practices. The insurrectionist purposes of protests are often in contravention of public order regimens, which seek to regulate enactments of public protests, minimise the disruptions inherent to protests and legitimise those defined as non-violent. This produces a non-violent–violent protest binary, which fails to account for the dynamic nature of protests. This study, critical of the non-violent–violent binary, assumed a multimodal analysis of unedited video footage of a selected authorised protest in the City of Cape Town, South Africa to understand the rapid discursive and kinaesthetic shifts that may occur within single protest events. The findings suggest that protests shift between moments of resistance and insurgency and moments of appeasement of official scripts. As such, protest enactments within a particular discursive space seem to be constitutive of resistance to power, insurgence and cooperation as well as actions defined either as legitimate or illegitimate by official discourse.
Baicalin promotes apoptosis and inhibits proliferation and migration of hypoxia-induced pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells by up-regulating A2a receptor via the SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling pathway
Authors: Huang Xiaoying , Mao Wei , Zhang Ting , Wang Meibin , Wang Xuetao , Li Yaozhe , Zhang Lin , Yao Dan , Cai Xueding , Wang Liangxing
Published: December 2018

Background

Baicalin is a flavonoid compound that exerts specific pharmacological effect in attenuating the proliferation, migration, and apoptotic resistance of hypoxia-induced pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). However, the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated yet. Although our previous studies had indicated that activation of A2aR attenuates CXCR expression, little is known about the relationship between A2aR and SDF-1/CXCR4 axis in hypoxic PASMCs. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of A2aR on the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis in hypoxic PASMCs, the mechanism underlying this effect, and whether baicalin exerts its protective functions though A2aR.

Methods

Rat PASMCs were cultured under normoxia/hypoxia and divided into nine groups: normoxia, hypoxia, hypoxia + AMD3100 (a CXCR4 antagonist), hypoxia + baicalin, hypoxia + negative virus, normoxia + A2aR knockdown, hypoxia + A2aR knockdown, hypoxia + CGS21680 (an A2aR agonist), and hypoxia + A2aR knockdown + baicalin. Lentiviral transfection methods were used to establish the A2aR knockdown model in PASMCs. Cells were incubated under hypoxic conditions for 24 h. Expression levels of A2aR, SDF-1, and CXCR4 were detected using RT-qPCR and western blot. The proliferation and migration rate were observed via CCK-8 and Transwell methods. Cell cycle distribution and cell apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry (FCM) and the In-Situ Cell Death Detection kit (Fluorescein).

Results

Under hypoxic conditions, levels of A2aR, SDF-1, and CXCR4 were significantly increased compared to those under normoxia. The trend of SDF-1 and CXCR4 being inhibited when A2aR is up-regulated was more obvious in the baicalin intervention group. Baicalin directly enhanced A2aR expression, and A2aR knockdown weakened the function of baicalin. SDF-1 and CXCR4 expression levels were increased in the hypoxia + A2aR knockdown group, as were the proliferation and migration rates of PASMCs, while the apoptotic rate was decreased. Baicalin and CGS21680 showed opposite effects.

Conclusions

Our data indicate that baicalin efficiently attenuates hypoxia-induced PASMC proliferation, migration, and apoptotic resistance, as well as SDF-1 secretion, by up-regulating A2aR and down-regulating the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Tspan8 and Tspan8/CD151 knockout mice unravel the contribution of tumor and host exosomes to tumor progression
Authors: Zhao Kun , Wang Zhe , Hackert Thilo , Pitzer Claudia , Zöller Margot
Published: December 2018

Background

The tetraspanins Tspan8 and CD151 promote metastasis, exosomes (Exo) being suggested to be important in the crosstalk between tumor and host. The contribution of Tspan8 and CD151 to host versus tumor-derived exosome (TEX) activities being not defined, we approached the questions using 3-methylcholanthrene-induced (MCA) tumors from wt, Tspan8ko, CD151ko and Tspan8/CD151 (db)ko mice, implanted into tetraspanin-competent and deficient hosts.

Methods

Tumor growth and dissemination, hematopoiesis and angiogenesis were surveyed in wild type (wt), Tspan8ko, CD151ko and dbko mice bearing tetraspanin-competent and -deficient MCA tumors. In vitro studies using tumor cells, bone marrow cells (BMC) and endothelial cells (EC) elaborated the mechanism of serum (s)Exo- and TEX-induced target modulation.

Results

Tumors grew in autochthonous and syngeneic hosts differing in Tspan8- and/or CD151-competence. However, Tspan8ko- and/or CD151ko-tumor cell dissemination and settlement in metastatic organs was significantly reduced in the autochthonous host, and less severely in the wt-host. Impaired wt-MCA tumor dissemination in the ko-host confirmed a contribution of host- and tumor-Tspan8/-CD151 to tumor cell dissemination, delivery of sExo and TEX being severely impaired by a Tspan8ko/CD151ko. Coculturing tumor cells, BMC and EC with sExo and TEX revealed minor defects in epithelial mesenchymal transition and apoptosis resistance of ko tumors. Strongly reduced migratory and invasive capacity of Tspan8ko/CD151ko-MCA relies on distorted associations with integrins and CAM and missing Tspan8/CD151-promoted recruitment of proteases. The defects, differing between Tspan8ko- and CD151ko-MCA, were rescued by wt-TEX and, less efficiently Tspan8ko- and CD151ko-TEX. Minor defects in hematopoietic progenitor maturation were based on the missing association of hematopoietic growth factors /− receptors with CD151 and, less pronounced, Tspan8. Rescue of impaired angiogenesis in ko mice by wt-sExo and promotion of angiogenesis by TEX depended on the association of Tspan8 and CD151 with GPCR and RTK in EC and tumor cells.

Conclusions

Tspan8-/CD151-TEX play central roles in tumor progression. Tspan8-/CD151-sExo and TEX contribute by stimulating angiogenesis. Tspan8 and CD151 fulfill these tasks by associating with function-relevant proteins, the additive impact of Tspan8 and CD151 relying on differences in preferred associations. The distinct Tspan8 and CD151 contributions suggest a blockade of TEX-Tspan8 and -CD151 promising for therapeutic intervention.
The absence of retinal input disrupts the development of cholinergic brainstem projections in the mouse dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus
Authors: Sokhadze Guela , Seabrook Tania A. , Guido William
Published: December 2018

Background

The dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) of the mouse has become a model system for understanding thalamic circuit assembly. While the development of retinal projections to dLGN has been a topic of extensive inquiry, how and when nonretinal projections innervate this nucleus remains largely unexplored. In this study, we examined the development of a major nonretinal projection to dLGN, the ascending input arising from cholinergic neurons of the brainstem. To visualize these projections, we used a transgenic mouse line that expresses red fluorescent protein exclusively in cholinergic neurons. To assess whether retinal input regulates the timing and pattern of cholinergic innervation of dLGN, we utilized the math5-null (math5−/−) mouse, which lacks retinofugal projections due to a failure of retinal ganglion cell differentiation.

Results

Cholinergic brainstem innervation of dLGN began at the end of the first postnatal week, increased steadily with age, and reached an adult-like pattern by the end of the first postnatal month. The absence of retinal input led to a disruption in the trajectory, rate, and pattern of cholinergic innervation of dLGN. Anatomical tracing experiments reveal these disruptions were linked to cholinergic projections from parabigeminal nucleus, which normally traverse and reach dLGN through the optic tract.

Conclusions

The late postnatal arrival of cholinergic projections to dLGN and their regulation by retinal signaling provides additional support for the existence of a conserved developmental plan whereby retinal input regulates the timing and sequencing of nonretinal projections to dLGN.
A nonstationary sparse spike deconvolution with anelastic attenuation
Authors: Sui Yuhan , Ma Jianwei
Published: December 2018

Seismic wavelet estimation and deconvolution are essential for high-resolution seismic processing. Because of the influence of absorption and scattering, the frequency and phase of the seismic wavelet change with time during wave propagation, leading to a time-varying seismic wavelet. To obtain reflectivity coefficients with more accurate relative amplitudes, we should compute a nonstationary deconvolution of this seismogram, which might be difficult to solve. We have extended sparse spike deconvolution via Toeplitz-sparse matrix factorization to a nonstationary sparse spike deconvolution approach with anelastic attenuation. We do this by separating our model into subproblems in each of which the wavelet estimation problem is solved by the classic sparse optimization algorithms. We find numerical examples that illustrate the parameter setting, noisy seismogram, and the estimation error of the [Formula: see text] value to validate the effectiveness of our extended approach. More importantly, taking advantage of the high accuracy of the estimated [Formula: see text] value, we obtain better performance than with the stationary Toeplitz-sparse spike deconvolution approach in real seismic data.
Full-waveform event location and moment tensor inversion for induced seismicity
Authors: Willacy Chris , van Dedem Ewoud , Minisini Sara , Li Junlun , Blokland Jan-Willem , Das Indrajit , Droujinine Alexander
Published: December 2018

Locating microearthquake events below complex heterogeneous overburden requires robust location methodologies that can honor multipathing in the seismic wavefield. We have developed two full-waveform event location methods that form a complementary solution for locating earthquakes and simultaneously deriving focal mechanisms via moment tensor inversion. The methods are based on the application of 3D elastic wavefield modeling, which is used to generate waveforms and extract wavefield attributes, for comparison to the observed field data. Events are located and focal mechanisms are derived via a multiparameter inversion, which minimizes the differences between synthetic and observed data. The results have been applied to the induced seismicity observed within the giant Groningen gas field, onshore Netherlands, where recorded earthquakes are triggered by stress changes, induced in the reservoir through pressure depletion. Locating events below the field is compounded by the presence of strong guided waves, which are trapped in the lower velocity reservoir interval. This complex multivalued wavefield is problematic for traditional event location methods, which assume a single traveltime arrival. We overcome this limitation by using all event arrivals in a wave-based solution to improve the accuracy of locating earthquakes and overcome the ambiguity of solving for location and the focal mechanism simultaneously. The event location methods have been applied to shallow and deep monitoring networks, and 150 events have been located with high accuracy. The interpretation of the earthquake activity indicates that the events studied originate from the movement of larger graben bounding faults, which are oriented in a north-northwest–south-southeast direction.
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Is an Autocrine Regulator of the Ovarian Cancer Metastatic Niche Through Notch Signaling
Authors: Gera Sakshi , Kumar S. Sandeep , Swamy Shalini N , Bhagat Rahul , Vadaparty Annapurna , Gawari Ramesh , Bhat Ramray , Dighe Rajan R
Published: December 2018

The association between the upregulated Notch and FSH signaling and ovarian cancer is well documented. However, their signaling has been investigated independently and only in the primary tumor tissues. The aim of this study was to investigate the interactive effects of FSH and Notch signaling on ovarian cancer proliferation, formation, and maintenance of disseminated ovarian cancer cells. The roles of Notch and FSH in ovarian cancer pathogenesis were investigated with ovarian cancer cell lines and specific antibodies against Notch and FSH receptor (FSHR). FSH upregulated Notch signaling and proliferation in ovarian cancer cells. High levels of FSH were detected in the ascites of patients with serous ovarian adenocarcinoma. Spheroids from the patients’ ascites, as well as the spheroids from ovarian cancer cell lines under low attachment culture conditions, expressed FSHβ subunit mRNA and secreted the hormone into the medium. In contrast, primary ovarian tumor tissues and cell line monolayers expressed very low levels of FSHβ. Ovarian cancer cell spheroids also exhibited higher expression of FSH receptor and Notch downstream genes than their monolayer counterparts. A combination of FSHR and Notch antagonistic antibodies significantly inhibited spheroid formation and cell proliferation in vitro. This study demonstrates that spheroids in ascites express and secrete FSH, which regulates cancer cell proliferation and spheroidogenesis through Notch signaling, suggesting that FSH is an autocrine regulator of cancer metastasis. Furthermore, Notch and FSHR are potential immunotherapeutic targets for ovarian cancer treatment.
Development of Asymmetric Reactions Catalyzed by Ruthenium Complexes with Two Kinds of Ligands
Authors: Ohkuma Takeshi , Kurono Nobuhito , Arai Noriyoshi
Published: December 2018

Two types of chiral Ru(II) complexes, each with two kinds of ligands, have been designed and utilized as catalysts for several asymmetric reactions under appropriate conditions. The first type, the diphosphine/diamine–Ru(II)-type complexes, were found to catalyze the hydrogenation of a variety of simple and functionalized ketones as well as imino compounds with high activity and enantioselectivity. The double asymmetric hydrogenation of α,β-unsaturated ketones into the chiral saturated alcohols was achieved by using the dual catalyst system, which reversibly forms two catalytic species. The asymmetric isomerization of primary allylic alcohols into the optically active aldehydes with almost perfect enantioselectivity was realized with this type of catalyst. The second type, the amino acid/diphosphine–Ru(II)-type complexes combined with Li compounds, exhibited excellent catalyst performance in the asymmetric cyanosilylation of aldehydes as well as simple and functionalized ketones. The isolated Ru·Li bimetallic complexes were suitable for the asymmetric hydrocyanation of aldehydes. This combined system was applicable to the asymmetric conjugate hydrocyanation of α,β-unsaturated ketones and carboxylic acid derivatives, and the Strecker-type reaction of the π-isoelectronic N-alkoxycarbonyl aldimines. This account describes the concept underlying the design of these catalysts, and the catalyst performance in the asymmetric reactions.
Unified Total Synthesis of Madangamine Alkaloids
Authors: Suto Takahiro , Yanagita Yuta , Nagashima Yoshiyuki , Takikawa Shinsaku , Kurosu Yasuhiro , Matsuo Naoya , Miura Kazuki , Simizu Siro , Sato Takaaki , Chida Noritaka
Published: December 2018

The full details of a unified total synthesis of madangamine alkaloids are disclosed. Our central strategy is based on the construction of a common ABCE-tetracyclic system, followed by the late-stage installation of various D-rings. The common intermediate is assembled through N-acyliminium cyclization of a propargylsilane, and formation of the (Z,Z)-skipped diene. Stereoselective synthesis of the (Z,Z)-skipped diene is especially challenging, and is accomplished by the combination of Z-selective hydroboration of the 1,1-disubstituted allene and subsequent Migita-Kosugi-Stille coupling. Macrocyclic alkylation enables the late-stage variation of the D-rings on the common tetracyclic intermediate, resulting in the collective total syntheses of madangamines A–E. The synthetic madangamine alkaloids exhibited inhibitory activities against a variety of human cancer cell lines.
Fontes não tributárias para o ajuste fiscal
Authors: Sandroni Paulo
Published: December 2018

O governo pode capturar ao menos parte da valorização de terrenos que ocorre quando a cidade se expande à periferia.
A economia movida a ideias
Authors: Dana Samy
Published: December 2018

Um modelo de desenvolvimento que priorize as ideias consegue promover o crescimento econômico sem consumir tantos recursos.
E agora, Bolsonaro? O desafio da governabilidade
Authors: Teixeira Marco Antonio Carvalho
Published: December 2018

Chegar o mais próximo possível do consenso e dividir os sacrifícios com todos os segmentos sociais: será esse o caminho do novo governo?
Anxiety in persons with visual impairment
Authors: Binder Katarzyna , Wrzesińska Magdalena , Kocur Józef
Published: December 2018

Częstotliwość odczuwania lęku i występowania zaburzeń lękowych wśród osób z niepełnosprawnością wzrokową znacząco przekracza poziom szacowany dla populacji ogólnej. Szacuje się, że 1/3 osób z niepełnosprawnością wzrokową doświadcza uczucia depresji i/lub lęku, zaś 4–6 % osób ma stawianą diagnozę zaburzeń lękowych. Celem niniejszej pracy jest analiza problematyki występowania lęku u osób z niepełnosprawnością wzrokową na podstawie dotychczasowych doniesień. Przegląd literatury wskazuje, że osoby z dysfunkcją wzroku doświadczają zarówno powszechnie występujących, jak i specyficznych symptomów lęku, często przybierających charakter przewlekły. Mimo znaczącej skali tego zjawiska, jak i jego negatywnych konsekwencji, w literaturze brakuje doniesień, które wyjaśniałaby przyczyny, precyzowały problem, a przede wszystkim rekomendowały zalecenia pozwalające przeciwdziałać występowaniu lęku w omawianej grupie. Dla zrozumienia natury lęku istotne jest poznanie zarówno jego przyczyn, jak i konsekwencji dla zdrowia w rozumieniu dobrostanu biopsychospołecznego i duchowego. Ponieważ u osób z dysfunkcjami wzroku te zależności mogą być modyfikowane przez szczególne warunki, z którymi spotykają się w swoim codziennym funkcjonowaniu, zagadnienie lęku w tej grupie wymaga osobnego rozważenia.
NANOSTRUCTURED Ni-Cu FOAM ELECTRODEPOSITED ON A COPPER SUBSTRATE APPLIED AS SUPERCAPACITOR ELECTRODE
Authors: Mirzaee Majid , Dehghanian Changiz
Published: December 2018

The applicability of nickel-copper metallic foams as a current collector was investigated for supercapacitor. A comprehensive characterization of Ni-Cu based foam was studied and the analysis of their structural, chemical, and electrochemical properties was evaluated. Structural characteristics and electrochemical methods were used to examine the surface morphology, and surface-chemical composition of the materials. The foams deposited at the time deposition of 180s exhibited dual-porosities (macro and mesopores) with pores ranging from13 to16 μm and the branch size ranged from 25 to 50 nm. Ni-Cu foam electrodes are employed as current collector for supercapacitor. Their usefulness as current collector was evaluated by well-defined experimental conditions using cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and galvanostatic charge and discharge (GCD) techniques. The outcome of these experiments demonstrated that the Ni-Cu foams which was synthesized at the time deposition of 180s had pseudocapacitive behavior. The best value for specific capacitance which was calculated from GCD was (536 F/g at 1 mA/cm2) for the Ni-Cu foams deposited at 2 A/cm2 for 180 s. The Ni-Cu foam sustained a current density of 15 mA/cm2 after 2000 cycles without significant loss of supercapacitor activity.
EFFECT OF AGING ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF 316LN AT 4.2 K FOR FUSION APPLICATIONS
Authors: Sas Jan , Kauffmann-Weiss Sandra , Weiss Klaus-Peter
Published: December 2018

Within the fusion magnet technology the low-temperature superconductor Nb3Sn is usually used for high magnetic field in the range of 12 T and 4.5 K. These superconductors are produced as round strands. Here Nb3Sn filaments are embedded in a round copper matrix with a diameter of about 0.8 mm. To allow magnet windings of several Mega-Ampere to produce the needed magnetic field, about 900 superconducting strands are cabled and compacted in a stainless steel conduit resembling the so-called cable-in-conduit-conductor (CICC). However, the mechanically brittle Nb3Sn superconducting phase is produced by the diffusion reaction by a long-term heat treatment. Therefore, the magnet winding containing the superconducting strands together with the stainless steel jacket has to undergo this heat treatment. In order to simulate the magnet manufacturing process, seamless tubes were compacted, bend and straightened and tensile stretched by 2.5 % at room temperature followed by the heat treatment necessary for the Nb3Sn formation. The aim of this study was to compare the microstructures and tensile properties at cryogenic operation temperature of two modified 316LN austenitic stainless steels with very-low carbon (≤ 0.013) in the as built conditions and after heat treatments. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) and X-ray diffraction were used to study microstructure. Deformation behaviour was investigated by tensile test at 4.2 K.
Single Observation Adaptive Search for Continuous Simulation Optimization
Authors: Kiatsupaibul Seksan , Smith Robert L. , Zabinsky Zelda B.
Published: December 2018

Finding optimal policies when the objective function can only be observed with a noisy error has traditionally required repeated observations to average out the noise. In this paper, we prove for a very large class of continuous stochastic optimization problems and search algorithms that a single observation for each candidate solution suffices to completely eliminate the error. This surprising result can best be understood through the metaphor of facing a continuum of slot machines and observing the reward for a single pull of the arm for each machine as we search for a machine delivering the best return. By the impossibility of systems, the average winnings must approach the expected winnings regardless of how we select the sequence of machines to test. This same martingale property is inherited for simulation optimization so that a single observation also suffices for convergence to the global optimum. The resulting savings in simulation time can be quite significant.
PENSANDO ÀS MARGENS DA BASE: CURRÍCULO E SABERES LOCAIS NA BASE NACIONAL COMUM CURRICULAR
Authors: Oliveira Marcia Lisbôa Costa de , Eletério Lúcia Helena Abreu
Published: December 2018

O trabalho desenvolve uma análise crítica do processo de elaboração   da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) brasileira, homologada em dezembro de 2017, focalizando alguns conceitos que ela incorpora e apresenta os resultados preliminares de um estudo de caso único cujo objetivo é investigar as concepções e conhecimentos sobre a BNCC construídos por um grupo de professoras do município de São Gonçalo (Rio de Janeiro – Brasil). A BNCC é um documento de caráter normativo que “define o conjunto orgânico e progressivo das aprendizagens essenciais” que todos os alunos da educação básica devem construir durante a sua escolarização “e indica os conhecimentos e competências que se espera que todos os estudantes desenvolvam” (BRASIL, 2017, p.7). Os resultados preliminares da pesquisa indicam que os docentes do município em que desenvolvemos o estudo de caso não se apropriaram inteiramente dos conhecimentos que lhes permitiriam uma participação mais qualitativa na elaboração da parte diversificada do currículo local. Entendemos que a participação das comunidades escolares nessa construção poderia funcionar como uma forma de resistência à padronização oriunda da influência das perspectivas neoliberais na educação brasileira, pela assunção de saberes que ficaram à margem da Base. No entanto, tendo em vista o modo como o processo está sendo desenvolvido, constatamos o risco de reforço das desigualdades educacionais derivado do silenciamento dos saberes locais pela não-participação das comunidades escolares municipais na construção do currículo.
O peso do sofrimento pedagógico em episódios e histórias de vida
Authors: Colombo Gomes Gysele Da Silva
Published: December 2018

O objetivo principal do presente estudo foi discutir a forma como participantes de um curso de pós-graduação lato sensu, três professoras brasileiras de língua inglesa em formação continuada, constroem discursivamente o sofrimento do professor. Buscou-se também enfocar a coerência apresentada pelas professoras participantes para a associação do vocábulo sofrimento a seu significado etimológico. Norteada pelos parâmetros da Sociolinguística Interacional (RIBEIRO&GARCEZ, 2002), o referencial teórico adotado na pesquisa tem como base os estudos das narrativas orais (LABOV, 1972; [1967] 2003; BASTOS, 2005; 2008; 2015) e as histórias de vida (LINDE, 1993). Trata-se de uma pesquisa de paradigma qualitativo e interpretativista (DENZIN; LINCOLN, 2006; ERICKSON, 1986; MINAYO, 2002; ANDRÉ, 2008), cujos dados foram gerados com o uso de entrevistas como atividades reflexivas com potencial exploratório (ARPE) em conformidade às propostas da Prática Exploratória (ALLWRIGH, 1991; 2003c; 2006; MILLER, 2012; 2010; MORAES BEZERRA, 2007). O sofrimento é caracterizado como a dificuldade em ser professordevido à discriminação e ao menosprezo social; e como o resultado da ratificação do senso comum, do produto de políticas sociais e educacionais, em construções de idealização profissional social não verbalizadas. Os resultados alcançados laçam luz à premente necessidade de se promover encorajamentos para resistência e sobrevivência à desigualdade e às injustiças sociais.
Sala de Professores
Authors: Lima Maria Regina Soares de , Oliveira Renan Medeiros de , Conde Leandro Carlos Dias
Published: December 2018

Entrevista com a Professora do Instituto de Estudos Sociais e Políticos da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (IESP/UERJ).
TÉCNICAS DE PODER, EFEITOS DE VERDADE E MODOS DE SUBJETIVAÇÃO NO ENSINO DA GEOGRAFIA
Authors: Batista Bruno Nunes
Published: December 2018

Analiso neste texto o ensino de Geografia através da perspectiva dos estudos foucaultianos, numa tentativa de responder à seguinte pergunta: que produção de subjetividade vem sendo feita por esse discurso? Tomando por base conceitos e reflexões provenientes do Pós-estruturalismo, procuro a) problematizar os enunciados mais presentes na Geografia no que se refere à formação de sujeitos ideais; b) regressar até um arquivo da primeira metade do século XX, com o objetivo de entender de onde vêm essas práticas discursivas; c) descrever as principais teleologias presentes nelas; d) discutir a manutenção dessas palavras-mestras até a contemporaneidade, interligando-as ao que conhecemos por neoliberalismo; e) levantar possíveis implicações desse pensamento nos currículos escolares.
O USO DE AGROTÓXICOS NA FLORICULTURA: O CASO DE VARGEM ALTA – REGIÃO SERRANA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Nascimento Marilia Teresa Lima do , Santos Ana Dalva de Oliveira , Alentejano Paulo Roberto Raposo , Baptista Neto José António , Fonseca Estefan Monteiro da , Bila Daniele Maia
Published: December 2018

A contaminação por agrotóxicos é uma das maiores preocupações ambientais e de saúde pública na atualidade. Os efeitos desses produtos atingem não só áreas rurais, mas a população como um todo. Vargem Alta, localizada na Região Serrana do Rio de Janeiro, possui tradição na produção de olerícolas e destaque no cultivo de flores como: crisântemos, rosas, palmas, tango, gérberas, entre outras. Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar os problemas de saúde por exposição aos agrotóxicos dos trabalhadores na floricultura. A metodologia consistiu na aplicação de um questionário específico para os agricultores, agentes de saúde e técnicos em Vargem Alta e adjacências, para obter dados sobre os principais sintomas relatados. Os resultados demonstraram expressiva utilização de agrotóxicos; fragilidade da fiscalização; descompasso entre as medidas mínimas de segurança; ausência de uso de equipamentos de proteção individual e descarte inadequado de embalagens. Entre os sintomas mais relatados destacam-se: problemas de nervos; endócrinos; neurológicos; respiratórios; hepáticos; alergias; hipertensão; diabetes; diarréias; dores no corpo e vertigens.  Nesse sentido, práticas sustentáveis precisam ser estimuladas, com políticas públicas mais efetivas voltadas para lugares e situações de risco por exposição em áreas rurais.
Editorial
Authors: Seabra Vinicius Da Silva
Published: December 2018

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Rare health conditions 19: sideroblastic anaemia, autoimmune haemolytic anaemia, aplastic anaemia
Authors: Barber Chris
Published: December 2018

The purpose of this series is to briefly highlight a range of rare health conditions. Rare health conditions are those that affect no more and usually less than 1 person in every 2000 and many HCAs and nurses will encounter some of these conditions, given the high number of these conditions. This 19th article will briefly explore three of these conditions: sideroblastic anaemia, autoimmune haemolytic anaemia and aplastic anaemia.
Ovarian cancer
Authors: Peate Ian
Published: December 2018

Those women with ovarian cancer often present with advanced disease. Ovarian cancer can have a devastating impact on a woman's health and wellbeing. This article provides an overview of the internal female reproductive tract. The incidence and distribution of the condition are provided, along with a discussion of signs and symptoms, diagnosis, identification of risk factors, staging and treatment options.

Health promotion is discussed and a conclusion provided. The article emphasises the role of the healthcare assistant (HCA) and the associate practitioner (AP) in offering support to women and their families, as well as raising awareness of the condition. A short test with multiple-choice questions and a glossary of terms are also provided.
Pruritus and scabies care
Authors: Nazarko Linda
Published: December 2018

The UK population is ageing ( Office for National Statistics (ONS), 2015 ). As the population ages, the number of people developing skin conditions is set to increase ( ONS, 2015 ; All Party Parliamentary Group on Skin (APPGS), 2000 ). Ageing skin is more prone to a range of conditions, including infections, infestations, eczema and psoriasis ( Nigam and Knight, 2008 ). One of the symptoms of many skin conditions is itching (pruritus). In order to treat itching, it is important to know what is causing the problem. This article uses a case study approach that aims to enable the healthcare assistant to gain a greater understanding of the causes of pruritus.
Odontogenic Myxoma of the Maxilla: Diagnostic Considerations, Surgical Resection and Prosthetic Rehabilitation
Authors: Gamie Yehya EK , Gamie Zakareya , Seymour David , Whitfield Paul H
Published: December 2018

A 15-year-old female with a history of orthodontic treatment was referred by her general dental practitioner (GDP) to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS) department after noticing a right buccal maxillary swelling during a routine check-up. Examination and radiographic investigations revealed a lesion extending from UR3 to UR6 causing bony expansion with no evidence of root resorption. Following biopsy and histopathological analysis, a diagnosis of Odontogenic Myxoma (OM) was made. Treatment involved a segmental resection and fitting an immediate partial denture. Options for long-term rehabilitation include removable and implant-supported prostheses.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: This case highlights the importance of thorough clinical and radiographic examination, and joint treatment planning between the Restorative and OMFS departments.
The impact of CQC inspections on provider performance
Authors: Frankova Helena
Published: December 2018

A report by The King's Fund suggests that the current inspection methodology introduced by the Care Quality Commission in 2013 is better than the previous model and providers agreed – but is there room for improvement?
Commissioning social prescribing
Authors: Mtemachani Tapiwa
Published: December 2018

With a significant funding gap hanging over the system of care if radical change is not implemented, the delivery of healthcare services needs to be reconfigured and made more sustainable. Where does social prescribing fit into the picture?
If in doubt, don't cross them out
Authors: Pendlebury Gabrielle
Published: December 2018

Taking the decision to remove a patient from the practice list is often made following difficulties that can have a negative impact on other patients but also on practice staff. In such cases, it is vital to follow the correct protocols, says Gabrielle Pendlebury
Evaluation of the Non-HDL Cholesterol to Apolipoprotein B Ratio as a Screening Test for Dysbetalipoproteinemia
Authors: Boot Christopher S , Middling Elizabeth , Allen Joy , Neely Robert D G
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND

Familial dysbetalipoproteinemia is associated with the accumulation of remnant lipoproteins and premature cardiovascular disease. Identification of dysbetalipoproteinemia is important because family members may be affected. Diagnostic testing involves demonstration of β-lipoprotein in the VLDL fraction or characterization of apo E3. These investigations are complex and relatively expensive. The ratios of apo B to total cholesterol and triglycerides have been proposed as screening tests. However, the ratio of non-HDL cholesterol to apo B (NHDLC/apoB) could offer improved performance as the confounding effect of variations in HDL cholesterol is removed.

METHODS

We evaluated NHDLC/apoB as a screening test for dysbetalipoproteinemia, using β-quantification analysis as a reference standard. Data from 1637 patients referred over a 16-year period for β quantification were reviewed retrospectively. In 63 patients, diagnostic criteria for dysbetalipoproteinemia (VLDL cholesterol/triglyceride ratio ≥0.69 and presence of β-VLDL) were fulfilled, and 1574 patients had dysbetalipoproteinemia excluded.

RESULTS

Mean NHDLC/apoB in patients with dysbetalipoproteinemia was 7.3 mmol/g (SD, 1.5 mmol/g) and with dysbetalipoproteinemia excluded was 4.0 mmol/g (SD, 0.5 mmol/g). The optimum cutoff of >4.91 mmol/g achieved a diagnostic sensitivity of 96.8% (95% CI, 89.0–99.6) and specificity of 95.0% (95% CI, 93.8–96.0). NHDLC/apoB offered improved performance compared to total cholesterol/apoB [diagnostic sensitivity 92.1% (95% CI, 82.4–97.4) and specificity 94.5% (95% CI, 93.2–95.6) with a cutoff of >6.55 mmol/g]. NHDL/apoB reference ranges were not sex-dependent, although there was a significant difference between men and women for total cholesterol/apoB.

CONCLUSIONS

NHDLC/apoB offers a simple first-line test for dysbetalipoproteinemia in selecting patients with mixed hyperlipidemia for more complex investigations.
Martyrs, memory and misrepresentation: The Spanish Catholic Church, religious persecution and the Spanish Civil War
Authors: Thomas Maria
Published: December 2018

This article explores the ways in which the victims of anticlerical violence during the Spanish Civil War have been represented and remembered by the Spanish ecclesiastical hierarchy and Catholic hagiographers, examining the period from the Spanish Civil War up to the present day. It sustains that the discourse of martyrdom forged by the Catholic Church during the Civil War and the Dictatorship played a crucial role in legitimating the rebel war effort and the Franco Dictatorship, and in justifying repression against those associated with the Second Republic. It argues that the key tenets of the martyrdom discourse survived the Transition to Democracy and continue to characterize present-day Spanish ecclesiastical discourse. Against this backdrop, a re-evaluation of the Spanish episcopate’s assertions that the martyrs of the Civil War are non-political symbols of reconciliation between Spaniards is necessary.
Post-2008 Spanish migration to Argentina: Just ‘weathering the storm’?
Authors: Miorelli Romina , Manóvil Lara
Published: December 2018

Following the 2008 economic crisis, many Spaniards left their country in search of jobs and opportunities abroad. By 2014, of the more than two million Spaniards living abroad, the majority of those outside the European Union and the United States of America – 400,000 of them – were living in Argentina. By focusing on testimonies published in Argentine and Spanish newspapers and complementing them with an analysis of selected life histories, this article explores whether those migrating from Spain to Argentina were in search of a new home or, rather, of a temporary solution while ‘weathering the storm’. The article argues that the answer is to be found beyond economic factors and shows how these migrants’ decisions and experiences were also strongly shaped by non-economic factors, especially the social networks that had developed out of previous migration waves between Spain and Argentina.