bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Investments in Public-Private Partnership Projects on the Level of Economic Welfare of the Russian Federation’s Federal Districts
Authors: Trashkin Ivan
Published: December 2020

The article substantiates the impact of investment in infrastructure in general and public-private partnership (PPP) projects in particular on the level of economic welfare of the Russian Federation’s federal districts. Quantitative research, including correlation analysis and regression models, determines the direction and degree of influence of investments in PPP projects on the GRP per capita on the scale of each federal district. Correlation analysis revealed a close positive relationship between the target feature and the variable of interest for most federal districts of the Russian Federation. Regression models based on the calculation of GRP using the expenditure method and thus ensuring the relevance and interpretability of calculations show a significant positive impact of investments in PPP projects on the level of economic welfare in the Federal districts of the Russian Federation. The impact of investments in PPP projects on the target feature identified in the study allows us to recommend a forced increase in the number of infrastructure projects implemented on the PPP principles, taking into account the benefits from this mechanism for all economic entities.
Actual Problems of Increasing Labor Productivity in Russia
Authors: Grishina Svetlana
Published: December 2020

The article shows that low labor productivity has remained a problem for the Russian economy for many years. Issues of productivity in the RF are considered; the dynamics of the indicator is considered. Corresponding comparisons of performance levels are provided. Measures taken to improve productivity in the RF are analyzed. The conclusion is made that in the conditions of the projected decline, the growth of labor productivity may become a key factor in economic recovery; conducting scientific research aimed at identifying factors that determine labor productivity are especially relevant.
Features of Forming of Profits of Commercial Banks in Terms of Coronaries
Authors: Novikov A. , Zverev A. , Mishina M.
Published: December 2020

A significant role of the banking system in ensuring the functioning of the entire economy, by means of organizing the movement of borrowed capital between individual industries and the implementation of financial needs is achieved only if this system, and therefore its constituent elements, are stable. In this regard, the stability of the banking system should be considered as a fundamental internal characteristic, which ensures the existence and stable development of the Bank in a market economy under the influence of external and internal factors.

In 2020, commercial banks were faced with the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the Russian economy and the banking system in particular. At the same time, the current situation of banks ' functioning is characterized not only by the presence of a corona crisis, but also by the internal development of the system itself, which, following the uberization of the world economy, dictates to commercial banks the need to develop and implement financial technologies and form ecosystems. In these conditions, the need for commercial banks in financial resources increases, which is reflected in the increasing role of profit in the Bank's activities and development. This article focuses on the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the banking system of the Russian Federation and the economy as a whole, and also identifies the features of profit formation and the specifics of the functioning of commercial banks in the coronavirus crisis period.
Formation of the Personnel Development SYSTEM within the Organization's labor Potential As a Factor of Increasing Labor Productivity
Authors: Shishkin Andrey
Published: December 2020

The article discusses various approaches to the concept of labor potential. The analysis of the personnel development system is carried out as part of the search for optimal ways to unlock the labor potential in order to increase productivity. The article proves the need to work with personnel as the main factor of production for improving the efficiency of enterprises and organizations operating in various industries. Recommendations for improving the concept of labor potential are formed. Recommendations for improving the efficiency of staff development based on advanced training courses are given. Some aspects of the activities included in the personnel development system from the point of view of the formation of personnel potential are considered.
Incentivized Actions in Freemium Games
Authors: Sheng Lifei , Ryan Christopher Thomas , Nagarajan Mahesh , Cheng Yuan , Tong Chunyang
Published: December 2020

Problem definition: Games are the fastest-growing sector of the entertainment industry. Freemium games are the fastest-growing segment within games. The concept behind freemium is to attract large pools of players, many of whom will never spend money on the game. When game publishers cannot earn directly from the pockets of consumers, they employ other revenue-generating content, such as advertising. Players can become irritated by revenue-generating content. A recent innovation is to offer incentives for players to interact with such content, such as clicking an ad or watching a video. These are termed incentivized (incented) actions. We study the optimal deployment of incented actions. Academic/practical relevance: Removing or adding incented actions can essentially be done in real-time. Accordingly, the deployment of incented actions is a tactical, operational question for game designers. Methodology: We model the deployment problem as a Markov decision process (MDP). We study the performance of simple policies, as well as the structure of optimal policies. We use a proprietary data set to calibrate our MDP and derive insights. Results: Cannibalization—the degree to which incented actions distract players from making in-app purchases—is the key parameter for determining how to deploy incented actions. If cannibalization is sufficiently high, it is never optimal to offer incented actions. If cannibalization is sufficiently low, it is always optimal to offer. We find sufficient conditions for the optimality of threshold strategies that offer incented actions to low-engagement users and later remove them once a player is sufficiently engaged. Managerial implications: This research introduces operations management academics to a new class of operational issues in the games industry. Managers in the games industry can gain insights into when incentivized actions can be more or less effective. Game designers can use our MDP model to make data-driven decisions for deploying incented actions.
THE INFLUENCE OF INNOVATIVENESS ON THE WORK PERFORMANCE OF PHYSICS TEACHER IN THE STATE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL AT BENGKULU PROVINCE
Authors: Connie Connie , Zuki Arieldo Meizul
Published: December 2020

The objective of this research was to analyze the influence of the innovativeness of physics teachers on the work performance of physics teachers in the state senior high school at Bengkulu province. This research was conducted by surveying physics teachers in the state high school at Bengkulu province with a sample of 90 teachers of physics, were selected by using a simple random sampling technique. Data has been analyzing by using the “path analysis method” with Microsoft Excel and SPSS 17 as research’s computing tools. The results concluded that there is a direct, positive, and significant influence of professional competency, work motivation, and innovativeness of physics teachers toward the work performance of the physics teacher. And the professional competency and the work motivation of the physics teacher have an indirect, positive, and significant influence on the work performance of physics teachers through the innovativeness of the physics teacher itself.
EMPATHY DEVELOPMENT WITH ACTIVE LEARNING FOR STUDENTS IN CLASS V ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Authors: Nurhasanah Nina , Zulela Zulela , Solihatin Etin
Published: December 2020

The research aims to know the learning process with active learning in developing empathy for class V students in elementary school. There are two research participants: SD Laboratory of PGSD FIP UNJ and SD Budi Wanita in Setiabudi Jakarta Indonesia. Research methods use a naturalistic qualitative method. The data collection process is doing by observation, interviews, and document analysis. The observation results analyzed by focused observation, taxonomy analysis, selected observation, component analysis, and theme analysis. The validity of the data is doing by extension of participation, the persistence of observation, and triangulation. The findings suggest that grade V students in elementary school have been able to develop empathy. The strategies that teachers do in active learning to develop empathy in the form of role-playing, Jigsaw, discussion, group work, and use games performed on early activities, core activities, and end-of-learning activities. Using active learning in learning in class V in elementary school can develop students ' empathy.
Fatores que interferem na duração do aleitamento materno de crianças na
Região Metropolitana do Cariri cearense
Authors: Cruz Tavares Aline Muniz , Da Silva Fernanda Ribeiro , Callou Maria Auxiliadora Macedo , Da Silva. Rejane Ferreira , De Morais Monise Pricila Salviano , Rocha Élida Mara Braga
Published: December 2020

Introdução: O Aleitamento Materno Exclusivo (AME) é uma prática
alimentar fundamental para a promoção da saúde materno-infantil. Porém, os
índices para o AME no Brasil ainda se encontram abaixo do recomendado pela
Organização Mundial da Saúde. Objetivo: Analisar os fatores que interferem
na duração do aleitamento materno de crianças situadas na Região
Metropolitana do Cariri cearense. Método: Estudo transversal descritivo, com
abordagem quantitativa, realizado na Região Metropolitana do Cariri
cearense. A amostra foi composta por 177 crianças entre seis e 23 meses de
idade. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionários, contendo
informações a respeito das condições socioeconômicas e demográficas da
família e da saúde infantil. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas com o
software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, procedendo-se a
análise descritiva dos dados e aplicação do teste Qui-Quadrado. Razões de
Chance (RC), intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC95%) e respectivos valores de
p foram calculados pela regressão logística multinominal. Resultados: O
tempo médio para o AME foi de 4,33 (±1,98) meses. Somente 38,9% das crianças
avaliadas foram amamentadas, exclusivamente, até os seis meses de vida. Na
análise de regressão logística multivariada verificou-se maior chance de
tempo de AME adequado nas famílias com <1/4 salário mínimo (RC: 2,270
IC95% 1,104 - 4,666, p= 0,026). Conclusão: O AME, nos municípios avaliados,
ainda é insatisfatório de acordo com as recomendações preconizadas pelas
entidades de saúde. A baixa renda per capita foi o fator determinante para
uma adequada prática do AME na vida dos lactentes.
Cirurgias bariátricas realizadas no Estado do Espírito Santo: perfil e
evolução dos custos entre 2008 e 2017
Authors: Jesus Tatielle Rocha de , Reis Erika Cardoso dos
Published: December 2020

Introdução: A obesidade é considerada um importante problema de saúde
pública e a cirurgia bariátrica (CB) é um dos componentes da linha de
cuidado para seu tratamento e viabilização da redução do peso corporal.
Objetivo: Analisar as características, evolução e custos diretos dos
procedimentos relacionados à cirurgia bariátrica no estado do Espírito Santo
de 2008 a 2017. Métodos: Estudo observacional, descritivo e retrospectivo,
baseado em dados secundários disponíveis nos arquivos de domínio público
presentes no Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde e
no Sistema de Comunicação de Informação Hospitalar e Ambulatorial, do
Ministério da Saúde. Os indicadores calculados foram CB por sexo e por faixa
etária, bem como os gastos com serviços hospitalares e profissionais.
Resultados: Houve crescimento no número de cirurgias bariátricas e nos
custos da mesma ao longo dos dez anos analisados, na ordem de 184% e 483%,
respectivamente. Também se constatou que 87% (n=2.923) dos procedimentos
foram realizados no público feminino, que houve um quantitativo expressivo
de CB na faixa etária entre 24 e 34 anos e que os custos representaram 0,85%
dos gastos hospitalares no Espírito Santo. Conclusões: Há a necessidade de
se discutir a articulação, junto aos demais serviços da rede de atenção à
saúde, para implementação de uma linha de cuidado efetiva que englobe, além
da cirurgia bariátrica, o acompanhamento da saúde por outros serviços de
saúde, em especial pela Atenção Primária.
O ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS E A FRANQUIA STAR WARS: POSSIBILIDADES PEDAGÓGICAS
Authors: Vargas João Carlos Martini de , Lopes Leticia Azambuja
Published: December 2020

A ficção científica é um dos gêneros que mais influenciam a percepção e o aprendizado em relação às Ciências da Natureza no âmbito escolar, no entanto, ela também é repleta de conceitos científicos equivocados ou distorcidos. Assim, a pergunta da pesquisa é: “Será que elementos de Star Wars constituem bons recursos pedagógicos?” O objetivo da pesquisa foi explorar as possibilidades de utilizar a franquia Star Wars como estratégia pedagógica auxiliar ao Ensino de Ciências. Com caráter exploratório, foi realizado levantamento bibliográfico e análise de exemplos científicos em Star Wars, relacionando-os com práticas pedagógicas a fim de buscar maneiras de o professor utilizar os filmes para fomentar discussões em sala de aula. Como resultado, a discussão da ciência em Star Wars pode criar um ambiente propício ao professor para a aplicação de conceitos científicos estudados, favorecendo o aprendizado a partir de erros conceituais onde os educadores terão a oportunidade de elucidar corretamente conceitos abstratos e de difícil compreensão.
FUTUROS PROFESSORES DE MATEMÁTICA DISCUTINDO SOBRE A OPERAÇÃO DE SUBTRAÇÃO
Authors: Giacomelli Camila Porto , Lopes Anemari Roesler Luersen Vieira , Roos Liane Teresinha Wendling
Published: December 2020

Este artigo, composto a partir de uma pesquisa de mestrado, tem por objetivo discutir a importância de estudos e reflexões envolvendo conceitos elementares do ensino de matemática com futuros professores de matemática, mais especificadamente, a operação da subtração. Para isso, nos fundamentamos em pressupostos da Teoria Histórico-Cultural (VIGOTSKI, 1998, 2007, 2009) e, de modo especial, na Teoria da Atividade (LEONTIEV,1978). Diante disso, foi organizada uma oficina com futuros professores de matemática, sendo que os dados foram produzidos a partir de registros em gravações de áudio e vídeo, sistematizados em um episódio composto por cenas na perspectiva de Moura (2004). Os resultados nos revelam que os futuros professores nem sempre se sentem seguros em relação a elementos importantes na estrutura da operação de subtração, como também do próprio conceito no que diz respeito a forma de ensiná-lo, apontando para a necessidade de ampliação de espaços nos cursos de formação inicial que permitam maior aproximação dos futuros professores de matemática com conhecimentos considerados mais elementares, como os referentes aos anos iniciais.
LEISHMANIOSE NA ESCOLA: A PRESENÇA DA TEMÁTICA EM LIVROS DIDÁTICOS DO PNLD 2018 DE BIOLOGIA DO ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: Teixeira Carlos Roberto Rodrigues , Pereira Carlos Alberto Sanches , Guimarães Lucas Peres , Pereira Ana Paula Cunha
Published: December 2020

A Leishmaniose é um grave problema de saúde pública no Brasil e no mundo. Os conhecimentos acerca desta doença são restritos, o que dissemina o potencial de infecção da mesma. O processo de ensino aprendizagem precisa estimular o debate dos aspectos sociais que determinam e condicionam a saúde individual e coletiva, e para tanto, recursos amplamente difundidos como os livros didáticos, precisam estar atualizados e preparados adequadamente para este feito. O presente estudo propõe uma análise da abordagem de Leishmaniose nos dez livros didáticos de Biologia do Ensino Médio, aprovados e recomendados pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD) de 2018, a partir da perspectiva teórica e didático metodológica. Os métodos elencados para tal análise seguiram os seguintes critérios: delineamento prévio; categorização de análise dos livros didáticos; e apreciação, expressão dos resultados e interpretação. Os resultados apontam que embora trate-se de uma questão de saúde pública, os conteúdos programáticos e os aspectos didático metodológicos, não apresentam conteúdos suficientes para o ensino de Leishmanioses nos livros analisados.
DIÁLOGOS NA ESCOLA, CAIXA DE MEMÓRIAS: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA EXTENSIONISTA NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL II
Authors: Machado Eduardo Gomes , Freitas Maria Valdelia Carlos Chagas de , Silva Stefania Maria Francolino da
Published: December 2020

Este relato de experiência decorre de uma ação desenvolvida pelo projeto de extensão denominado Projeto. A atividade foi realizada em uma escola de ensino fundamental II, situada nas proximidades da Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira- UNILAB, na cidade de Acarape, no Ceará. Ancorada na metodologia da educação popular e inspirada em Paulo Freire, onde se buscou através da utilização e interpretação de imagens geradoras, instigar um diálogo acerca da história local, abordando o contexto histórico em que os alunos da escola estão inseridos, dotando de significação para os discentes um assunto que antes era pouco interessante. Deste modo, o envolvimento e interação dos discentes com as fontes históricas, criando uma narrativa própria a respeito dos conhecimentos adquiridos, transpondo a condição de meros expectadores para produtores do conhecimento histórico.
PERCEPÇÕES DE ESTUDANTES DO ENSINO MÉDIO QUANTO À AUTOMEDICAÇÃO
Authors: Santos Isabella Cristine dos , Santos Neto Otavio Marino dos , Uliana Vitória Imaculada Soares , Pedrazzi Vinicius , Issa João Paulo Mardegan
Published: December 2020

Esse trabalho teve como objetivo a orientação sobre as consequências do consumo de medicamentos sem a prescrição médica para alunos do Ensino Médio de escolas estaduais do Estado de São Paulo. As palestras foram ministradas com o uso de apresentação de slides, onde haviam diversas imagens sobre os principais medicamentos comercializados, além de orientações e esclarecimentos sobre o tema abordado. Através de um questionário de entrevista guiado foram obtidos dados sobre a automedicação que foram organizados através de distribuição de frequência das respostas. Os dados encontrados mostraram que o tema é de extrema importância entre os jovens, pois cerca de 75% dos alunos que responderam os questionários já praticaram a automedicação, o que confirma o quanto essa atividade está enraizada na população brasileira. Conclui-se através das aulas ministradas e dos questionários aplicados, que a automedicação é um assunto muito banalizado pela sociedade, em grande parte pela falta de orientação sobre o tema, o que aumenta a relevância de sua inclusão no conteúdo programático do ensino médio.
EFEITOS DE UMA INTERVENÇÃO BASEADA EM BRINCADEIRAS NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE CRIANÇAS NA PRIMEIRA INFÂNCIA EM RISCO PSICOSSOCIAL
Authors: Rocha Larissa Rayane Mendes , Santos Juliana Nunes , Cunha Romana Francthesk Mendes da , Morais Rosane Luzia De Souza
Published: December 2020

Viver continuamente em condições de desvantagem econômica pode impactar negativamente no desenvolvimento infantil. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar se a introdução de uma rotina diária de brincadeiras influenciaria no desenvolvimento global de crianças em risco psicossocial frequentadoras de uma creche filantrópica. Participaram do estudo 17 crianças com mediana de idade de 17 meses. Procurou-se introduzir uma metodologia exequível dentro da realidade da creche, uma educadora para mais de 20 crianças com tempo disponível para o cuidado de higiene e alimentação. A intervenção ocorreu por 20 semanas, duas vezes/dia, durante 15 minutos. Foram ofertados brinquedos iguais para todas as crianças, que brincavam mediados pela educadora quando possível. Para avaliar o desenvolvimento foi utilizado o Denver II e para avaliar a qualidade do ambiente de casa e da creche, respectivamente, Recursos do Ambiente Familiar e Infant/Toddler Environment Rating Scale-Revised Edition. Os resultados evidenciaram uma melhora nos domínios da Linguagem e do Pessoal-Social.
EXPOSIÇÃO ITINERANTE: fortalecimento de escolas e comunidades rurais por meio da Educação do Campo
Authors: Cogo Franciane Diniz , Miranda Mateus Torres , Pimenta Marcelo Galvani , Oliveira Ramon Rodrigues de , Silva Larissa Cristina Romeiro da
Published: December 2020

A Educação do Campo considera a transformação da pessoa por meio das aprendizagens e as adequações do processo educativo às características do meio. Nesse sentido, este relato de experiência tratada exposição itinerante nas escolas rurais do município de Passos, Sudoeste de Minas Gerais. A exposição itinerante foi composta por três subprojetos, cujas atividades foram programadas mensalmente durante o período de 03 de maio a 15 de dezembro de 2019. O público-alvo foram os educandos dos Ensinos Fundamental e Médio de escolas públicas rurais. A estratégia foi envolver todas estas escolas, familiares e comunidade e que o evento ocorresse nas escolas, em horário de aula, garantindo que os educandos tivessem acesso a todas as atividades. E assim, estimula-se a vivência dos educandos do campo com a comunidade local e, ao mesmo tempo, contribui com redução do êxodo rural.
A FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE EM SOCIOLOGIA NO CAP-UERJ: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA ENTRE O ENSINO CURRICULAR E A EXTENSÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA
Authors: Ferreira Walace , Pain Rodrigo De Souza , Silva Afrânio De Oliveira , Souza Guilherme Nogueira de
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar o trabalho realizado na formação de professores de Sociologia da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) a partir da inserção dos autores no quadro docente do Instituto de Aplicação Fernando Rodrigues da Silveira (CAp-UERJ). Nessa direção, apontamos o papel do Laboratório de Ensino e Pesquisa em Ciências Sociais (LEPCS), criado em 2017, no que tange à licenciatura em Ciências Sociais da UERJ e de dois projetos de extensão que o acompanham: o projeto “Cinema e curta-metragem e o ensino de Sociologia na educação” e o projeto “Sociologia, Juventude e Cidadania”. Demonstramos que as atividades desenvolvidas pela equipe de Sociologia do CAp-UERJ constituem-se num importante esforço de experimentação e desenvolvimento da prática do magistério, de modo que suas especificidades e dificuldades solidificam a formação do licenciando e fortalecem o engajamento por uma educação democrática e emancipatória.
A PRODUÇÃO DA ESCRITA - UMA EXPERIÊNCIA CURRICULAR - NO COTIDIANO DA SALA DE AULA: CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA EDUCAÇÃO E DA LINGUÍSTICA
Authors: Silva Patrícia Tavares da , Granja Tania De Assis Souza , Abreu Kátia Nazareth Moura de
Published: December 2020

Neste texto, o foco é refletir sobre a produção da escrita dos alunos de uma classe de aceleração, em uma escola pública de Ensino Fundamental do município de São Gonçalo, a partir  de uma pesquisa de abordagem etnográfica realizada. Partindo do currículo “oficial” proposto pela política educacional local, abordam-se, também, os processos de recontextualização em que este currículo “prescrito” se insere, decorrente das práticas pedagógicas realizadas no cotidiano da sala de aula. Este estudo  contribui, de um lado, para pensar o currículo e as práticas pedagógicas que orbitam em torno dele, nas suas tentativas de responder às diretrizes “oficiais” estabelecidas para as classes de aceleração e, de outro, refletir sobre a consolidação de competências comunicativas e textuais que podem surgir na produção escrita desses alunos, a partir de processos e subprocessos que estão implicados nessa tarefa.
IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE UM LABORATÓRIO DE RECURSOS PEDAGÓGICOS INCLUSIVOS – LARPI
Authors: Vieira Júlia Maria Alves , Quintanilha Beatriz Almeida , Marçal-Guthierrez Carla Cordeiro
Published: December 2020

ResumoO presente artigo relata a experiência da implementação e organização de um Laboratório de Recursos Pedagógicos Inclusivos - LARPI no Instituto de Aplicação Fernando Rodrigues da Silveira, através de um Projeto de Estágio Interno Complementar. O LARPI foi criado em 2018 e consta com um acervo organizado com 38 produtos construídos e disponíveis para todos os estudantes do Departamento do Ensino Fundamental. Esses produtos são construídos a partir dos conteúdos trabalhados em sala de aula e visam atender e auxiliar, sobretudo, os estudantes com necessidades educacionais especiais.
APRESENTO-LHES YHWH, O D’US DOS HEBREUS
Authors: Santos Isabel Arco Verde , Almeida Wellington Couto de , Moura Viktoria Freires
Published: December 2020

A manifestação de YHWH para Moisés sela um capítulo importante na história dos hebreus e da humanidade. Entender sua aproximação, sua apresentação e sua recepção no evento do Horebe nos ajudam a entender também a mentalidade que orienta a religiosidade judaico-cristã. Dez pragas não encerram a visão grandiosa deste deus que parece descer de sua corte para caminhar na história dos homens. O embate nítido entre as divindades egípcias e o seu Faraó é o cenário onde Deus e o homem parecem caminhar juntos escrevendo sua história.
RESURGANCE IN POLITICAL MINORITY: A CASE OF DAYAK ETHNICS IN CENTRAL KALIMANTAN–INDONESIA
Authors: Hakim Lukmanul , HK Nurdien , Yuwono Teguh , Hidayat Sardini Nur
Published: December 2020

This research aims to find how the number of political representation of Dayak ethnic in central Kalimantan increased in the 2009 election where in 1999 election, they only had low political representation. Data in this research were collected using qualitative method. Data were obtained through in-depth interview, literature study, and documentation study. A number of political elite from Dayak ethnic in Central Kalimantan was used as a key informant and indigenous community leader was used as a supportive informant. This research found that in 1999-2004 election, political education was still targeted for creating political awareness in the segmentation of political elite. Political elite had just worked optimally in 2009 election by raising social and economic issues in the internal of Dayak ethnic as a tool to achieve collective identity in the election.
“WE ARE ALL IN THIS TOGETHER!”: AN INQUIRY ON THE PERSONAL NETWORKS OF SELECTED OLDER ADULTS IN POST-HAIYAN DISASTER
Authors: Capacio Figer Reggy
Published: December 2020

We have seen a considerable increase in the number of natural disasters worldwide. There are hurricanes, earthquakes, landslides, drought, tsunami among others that have affected us in recent years. Because of climate changes, these calamities have become more severe and destructive. Unfortunately, the perils of these disasters are almost always borne by those in the vulnerable sectors of the society. One of the at-risks sectors is the elderly community. With the world becoming aged and mature, it is essential to look into the well-being of older adults especially in disaster situations. The author believes that cultivating their personal networks will help safeguard the elders’ welfare. This study, consequently, explores on the personal connections of selected older adults in post-disaster community in Tacloban, a city ravaged by super typhoon (ST) Haiyan in 2013. Using focused interviews, findings revealed that older adults remain steadfast and positive on the impacts of ST Haiyan. Because of their personal ties with their families, relatives, the local community, city government, NGOs, and the church, they were able to seek help and support from their networks, which, in effect nurtured resilience in them. It is hoped that through this study, personal networks will be fostered and capitalized to enable, engage, and empower elders in catastrophic conditions.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN AUTOMATED SYSTEM FOR WEATHER DATA COLLECTION AND FORECASTING CLIMATE EVENTS BY MEANS OF RADIO FREQUENCY
Authors: Oba Ramos Caio Cesar , Roloff Mário Lúcio
Published: December 2020

The weather forecasting method is based on the analysis of data collected to support decision-making. This paper describes the development of a weather station (prototype) to assist in monitoring plantations and forecasting extreme weather events. The strategy adopted is to use a set of stations connected via radiofrequency forming a communications network to better understand and anticipate such events. The weather forecasting method is based on analysis of data collected to support decision making. The laboratory tests were successful, but field tests had several difficulties and unforeseen events that will be described at the end of this paper.
Psychological Resilience among Palestinian Adolescent Ex-detainees in Israeli Jails
Authors: Al-Issa Ferdoos Abed Rabo
Published: December 2020

The current study is designed to identify factors that affect the psychological resilience of Palestinian adolescent ex-detainees of Israeli jails and understand the meaning and content of psychological resilience. This study utilizes qualitative data collection and analysis methods, mainly conducting semi-structured interviews and thematic analyses of interview content. The study sample consists of ten adolescent ex-detainees and uses purposeful selection to ensure the inclusion of ex-detainees from the southern areas of the West Bank (Bethlehem and Hebron), aged between seventeen to nineteen. The findings indicate that resilience is based on a high tolerance of stress resulting from traumatic events, such as arrest, and the ability to control life events, along with the reinforcement of a positive attitude toward social and political experiences, and the capacity to transform stress into an opportunity instead of a debilitating threat. The results also show that resilience is correlated with various factors, including secure attachment, supportive relationships, social support systems, conflict relationships – personal and collective aggression, challenge, commitment to principles (i.e. nationalism) and post hoc engagement in public events (community and voluntary work, solidarity visits with families of ex-detainees, participation in public discourse).
Radiative lifetime measurement of ultracold cesium Rydberg states by a
simplified optical pumping method
Authors: Du Jiaqi , Gong Ting , Ji Zhonghua , Wang Chenhao , Zhao Yanting , Xiao Liantuan , Jia Suotang
Published: December 2020

We demonstrate one simplified all-optical method to measure the radiative lifetime of ultracold cesium (Cs) Rydberg atoms. This method is based on photodetection of one ground state atomic absorption in a ladder-type electromagnetic induced transparency (EIT), which contains one ground state, one intermediate state, and one Rydberg state. In the presence and absence of optical pumping between the Rydberg state and the intermediate state, the absorption difference with varying delay time can reconstruct the population evolution of target Rydberg atoms. By using this method, the radiative lifetimes of

50

S

1

/

2

and

50

D

5

/

2

of Cs atoms are measured to be

53

(
9
)

µ

s

and

42

(
9
)

µ

s

, respectively, which are consistent with theoretical calculations. The agreements show the reliability of our presented method, which can provide a route for researching light–matter interaction behavior without the need to quantify absorption characteristic.
Optical diagnosis of oral cavity lesions by label-free Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Matthies Levi , Gebrekidan Medhanie T. , Tegtmeyer Jasper F. , Oetter Nicolai , Rohde Maximilian , Vollkommer Tobias , Smeets Ralf , Wilczak Waldemar , Stelzle Florian , Gosau Martin , Braeuer Andreas S. , Knipfer Christian
Published: December 2020

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most prevalent cancers and frequently preceded by non-malignant lesions. Using Shifted-Excitation Raman Difference Spectroscopy (SERDS), principal component and linear discriminant analysis in native tissue specimens, 9500 raw Raman spectra of OSCC, 4300 of non-malignant lesions and 4200 of physiological mucosa were evaluated. Non-malignant lesions were distinguished from physiological mucosa with a classification accuracy of 95.3% (95.4% sensitivity, 95.2% specificity, area under the curve (AUC) 0.99). Discriminating OSCC from non-malignant lesions showed an accuracy of 88.4% (93.7% sensitivity, 76.7% specificity, AUC 0.93). OSCC was identified against physiological mucosa with an accuracy of 89.8% (93.7% sensitivity, 81.0% specificity, AUC 0.90). These findings underline the potential of SERDS for the diagnosis of oral cavity lesions.
Multi-layer Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensing in the point source regime
Authors: Akondi Vyas , Dubra Alfredo
Published: December 2020

The Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor (SHWS) is often operated under the assumption that the sensed light can be described by a single wavefront. In biological tissues and other multi-layered samples, secondary wavefronts from axially and/or transversely displaced regions can lead to artifactual aberrations. Here, we evaluate these artifactual aberrations in a simulated ophthalmic SHWS by modeling the beacons that would be generated by a two-layer retina in human and mouse eyes. Then, we propose formulae for calculating a minimum SHWS centroid integration area to mitigate these aberrations by an order of magnitude, potentially benefiting SHWS-based metrology and adaptive optics systems such as those used for retinal imaging and microscopy.
L-band femtosecond fiber laser based on a reduced graphene oxide polymer composite saturable absorber
Authors: Ng E. K. , Lau K. Y. , Lee H. K. , Yusoff N. Mohd , Sarmani A. R. , Omar M. F. , Mahdi M. A.
Published: December 2020

We demonstrate an L-band passively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser emitting at 1599.43 nm wavelength at a pulse train of 5.68 MHz. The microfiber reduced graphene oxide composite behaves as a saturable absorber that was fabricated using in-situ wet chemical and dip-coating methods. During operation, a single-pulse soliton was observed at a mode-locking threshold of 40 mW. This is a few times lower than most of the previous assessments in the same class of wavelength band and graphene saturable absorbers. The pulse duration was 568 fs with a maximum average output power of 6.75 mW. In addition, the superiority of this simple fabrication method facilitates its potential of mass production for applications in ultrafast photonics industries.
Tunable terahertz perfect absorber with a graphene-based double split-ring structure
Authors: Wu Zhendong , Xu Bijun , Yan Mengyao , Wu Bairui , Cheng Pan , Sun Zhichao
Published: December 2020

In this paper, we describe a tunable perfect absorber based on a graphene metamaterial. It consists of a square split graphene ring and a round split graphene ring. Using silicon as the base, gold, silicon dioxide, and graphene are placed layer by layer in sequence. The results of simulations performed using CST Microwave Studio indicate that the double split-ring structure possesses two absorption peaks at 10.96 THz and 12.71 THz, with absorption efficiencies of 99.7% and 99.4%, respectively, which approach perfect absorption. The permittivity of graphene can be controlled by the plus gate voltage, which results in dynamic control over the absorption peaks. Furthermore, owing to the small impact on the resonance frequency, the relaxation time may be applied to manipulate the absorption peaks. In addition, we also discuss how different structural parameters affect absorption. Lastly, we conclude that the proposed graphene-based absorber has a wide-angle incoming characteristic and great potential in infrared, filter, and terahertz detection.
Colloidal Ag2S/SiO2 core/shell quantum dots with IR luminescence
Authors: Ovchinnikov Oleg , Aslanov Sergey , Smirnov Mikhail , Perepelitsa Alexey , Kondratenko Tamara , Selyukov Alexandr , Grevtseva Irina
Published: December 2020

This paper presents the results of studies of the luminescent properties for colloidal Ag2S quantum dots, coated with SiO2 shell, carried out by techniques of transmission electron microscopy, optical absorption and luminescence spectroscopy time correlated single photon counting, quantum yield of luminescence. Various approaches to the formation of SiO2 shell is analyzed. It is concluded that an increase in the quantum yield of Ag2S QDs luminescence in the condition of the formation of a SiO2 shell on the interfaces provides the passivation of dangling bonds and localization of charge carriers in the nucleus. It is shown that, under the considered conditions for the synthesis of Ag2S/SiO2 core/shell structures in ethylene glycol, the use of TEOS as a precursor for SiO2 shell provides the formation of a less defective shell, leading to an increase in the quantum yield of luminescence from 1.6% to 8%. On the contrary, the use of sodium metasilicate and high concentrations of MPTMS does not ensure the formation of a dense SiO2 shell of several monolayers thickness on Ag2S interfaces, coated with 2-mercaptopropionic acid.
Robustness to periodic noise in ghost imaging using random and inverse patterns
Authors: Haruse Yuta , Torii Teruaki , Sugimoto Shintaro , Kasaba Yusuke
Published: December 2020

The image quality of ghost imaging (“GI”) is degraded by noise such as ambient light. In this experiment, we evaluated the robustness to periodic noise of normal GI using random patterns and that of GI using inverse patterns (“IPGI”) by simulation and experiment. The results confirmed that increasing the number of illuminated patterns per noise period improved the robustness of IPGI to periodic noise. On the other hand, with a high signal-to-noise ratio, the GI system reconstructed better images than IPGI.
Controllable two-dimensional Kerr and Raman–Kerr frequency combs in microbottle resonators with selectable dispersion
Authors: Jin Xueying , Xu Xin , Gao Haoran , Wang Keyi , Xia Haojie , Yu Liandong
Published: December 2020

We report a broadband two-dimensional (2D) Kerr and Raman–Kerr frequency comb generation in a silica bottle resonator accounting for azimuthal and axial degrees of freedom and pioneer a method that allows for controlled and reversible switching between a four wave mixing (FWM) state and a stimulated Raman scattering state. The repetition rate of the Raman–Kerr comb is not an integer number of the free spectral range, which spans more than 242 nm with hundreds of teeth. We show that, experimentally and numerically, multiple 2D comb regimes can be selectively accessed via dispersion engineering by exciting different orders of axial modes or modifying the curvature of the axial profile, involving cascaded FWM, Raman lasing, and Raman-assisted FWM. The effect of axial curvature on dispersion is associated with the axial mode number in bottle resonators. Our approach enables dispersion and spectral engineering flexibility in any resonator with localized axial modes.
Resonant transparency of a planar anapole metamaterial at terahertz frequencies
Authors: Li Xiangjun , Yin Jie , Liu Jianjun , Shu Fangzhou , Lang Tingting , Jing Xufeng , Hong Zhi
Published: December 2020

Anapole metamaterials have attracted growing attention in recent years due to their unique nonradiating and nontrivial properties. Although anapole modes have been demonstrated in metamaterials with three-dimensional structures, the design and realization of planar anapole metamaterials in a wide frequency range is still a big challenge. Here we propose and experimentally demonstrate a planar anapole metamaterial consisting of dumbbell-shaped apertures on a stainless-steel sheet at terahertz frequencies. The planar metamaterial can generate a resonant transparency in the terahertz spectrum due to the excitation of the anapole mode. Particularly, the frequency of anapole-induced resonant transparency can be tuned easily in the range of 0.15–0.93 THz by simply varying one geometric parameter of the dumbbell apertures. We anticipate that the resonant transparency in planar anapole metamaterials can be potentially used in filters, sensors, or other photonic devices.
A generative spiking neural-network model of goal-directed behaviour and one-step planning
Authors: Basanisi Ruggero , Brovelli Andrea , Cartoni Emilio , Baldassarre Gianluca
Published: December 2020

In mammals, goal-directed and planning processes support flexible behaviour used to face new situations that cannot be tackled through more efficient but rigid habitual behaviours. Within the Bayesian modelling approach of brain and behaviour, models have been proposed to perform planning as probabilistic inference but this approach encounters a crucial problem: explaining how such inference might be implemented in brain spiking networks. Recently, the literature has proposed some models that face this problem through recurrent spiking neural networks able to internally simulate state trajectories, the core function at the basis of planning. However, the proposed models have relevant limitations that make them biologically implausible, namely their world model is trained ‘off-line’ before solving the target tasks, and they are trained with supervised learning procedures that are biologically and ecologically not plausible. Here we propose two novel hypotheses on how brain might overcome these problems, and operationalise them in a novel architecture pivoting on a spiking recurrent neural network. The first hypothesis allows the architecture to learn the world model in parallel with its use for planning: to this purpose, a new arbitration mechanism decides when to explore, for learning the world model, or when to exploit it, for planning, based on the entropy of the world model itself. The second hypothesis allows the architecture to use an unsupervised learning process to learn the world model by observing the effects of actions. The architecture is validated by reproducing and accounting for the learning profiles and reaction times of human participants learning to solve a visuomotor learning task that is new for them. Overall, the architecture represents the first instance of a model bridging probabilistic planning and spiking-processes that has a degree of autonomy analogous to the one of real organisms.
A powerful method for pleiotropic analysis under composite null hypothesis identifies novel shared loci between Type 2 Diabetes and Prostate Cancer
Authors: Ray Debashree , Chatterjee Nilanjan
Published: December 2020

There is increasing evidence that pleiotropy, the association of multiple traits with the same genetic variants/loci, is a very common phenomenon. Cross-phenotype association tests are often used to jointly analyze multiple traits from a genome-wide association study (GWAS). The underlying methods, however, are often designed to test the global null hypothesis that there is no association of a genetic variant with any of the traits, the rejection of which does not implicate pleiotropy. In this article, we propose a new statistical approach, PLACO, for specifically detecting pleiotropic loci between two traits by considering an underlying composite null hypothesis that a variant is associated with none or only one of the traits. We propose testing the null hypothesis based on the product of the Z-statistics of the genetic variants across two studies and derive a null distribution of the test statistic in the form of a mixture distribution that allows for fractions of variants to be associated with none or only one of the traits. We borrow approaches from the statistical literature on mediation analysis that allow asymptotic approximation of the null distribution avoiding estimation of nuisance parameters related to mixture proportions and variance components. Simulation studies demonstrate that the proposed method can maintain type I error and can achieve major power gain over alternative simpler methods that are typically used for testing pleiotropy. PLACO allows correlation in summary statistics between studies that may arise due to sharing of controls between disease traits. Application of PLACO to publicly available summary data from two large case-control GWAS of Type 2 Diabetes and of Prostate Cancer implicated a number of novel shared genetic regions: 3q23 (ZBTB38), 6q25.3 (RGS17), 9p22.1 (HAUS6), 9p13.3 (UBAP2), 11p11.2 (RAPSN), 14q12 (AKAP6), 15q15 (KNL1) and 18q23 (ZNF236).
Onset hyperalgesia and offset analgesia: Transient increases or decreases of noxious thermal stimulus intensity robustly modulate subsequent perceived pain intensity
Authors: Alter Benedict J. , Aung Mya Sandi , Strigo Irina A. , Fields Howard L.
Published: December 2020

Reported pain intensity depends not only on stimulus intensity but also on previously experienced pain. A painfully hot temperature applied to the skin evokes a lower subjective pain intensity if immediately preceded by a higher temperature, a phenomenon called offset analgesia. Previous work indicated that prior pain experience can also increase subsequent perceived pain intensity. Therefore, we examined whether a given noxious stimulus is experienced as more intense when it is preceded by an increase from a lower temperature. Using healthy volunteer subjects, we observed a disproportionate increase in pain intensity at a given stimulus intensity when this intensity is preceded by a rise from a lower intensity. This disproportionate increase is similar in magnitude to that of offset analgesia. We call this effect onset hyperalgesia. Control stimuli, in which a noxious temperature is held constant, demonstrate that onset hyperalgesia is distinct from receptor or central sensitization. The absolute magnitudes of offset analgesia and onset hyperalgesia correlate with each other but not with the noxious stimulus temperature. Finally, the magnitude of both offset analgesia and onset hyperalgesia depends on preceding temperature changes. Overall, this study demonstrates that the perceptual effect of a noxious thermal stimulus is influenced in a bidirectional manner depending upon both the intensity and direction of change of the immediately preceding thermal stimulus.