bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POLICY GAPS ON SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT: CASE OF CHEGUTU MUNICIPALITY ZIMBABWE
Authors: Makamba Doctor Nyarayi Jenipher
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study was to explore policy gaps on urban solid waste management in Zimbabwe and suggest management strategies to close these gaps. This was motivated by the observation that there is no policy in Chegutu Municipality which deals holistically with solid waste management. A qualitative research design was adopted to analyze policies and establish gaps. A descriptive survey based on a case study of Chegutu Municipality was used. A survey of a purposive sample of 44 residents, 5 Council employees, and 2 EMA officials was conducted. Questionnaire, Interviews and document analysis were employed. The study found that, there is no policy in Chegutu Municipality which deals holistically with solid waste management. The study recommends that citizens should be educated as a matter of national policy on waste minimization. Policies with a holistic view of solid waste management should be drafted in Chegutu Municipality. Since there is lack of enforcement and responsibility in solid waste management policies, roles of stakeholders and institutions should be clearly defined.
OBESITY, HEALTH CARE EXPENDITURE AND EDUCATION IN BAMENDA MUNICIPALITY-CAMEROON: CONSIDERATIONS FOR CURRICULUM INNOVATION
Authors: Hilda Fokong Nubonyin , Mayin Kinga Bertila
Published: July 2022

Obesity is a major risk factor to many non-communicable diseases leading to increase health care expenditures and concerns for curriculum innovations in many countries. Thus, the objectives of this study are: to determine the factors influencing health care expenditure, to investigate the effects of obesity on health care expenditure, to examine the relationship between obesity and education and to discuss implications for curriculum innovation on the basis of the findings. The study was conducted in the Bamenda Municipality of Mezam Division in the North West Region of Cameroon. The survey research design was employed. With the use of questionnaire, primary data was collected from 753 obese and non-obese individuals aged 20 and above. The multiple regression and multinomial logit results revealed that, level of monthly expenditure and education had statistically significant effect on health care expenditure in the Bamenda Municipality. There was insignificant effect of obesity on health care expenditures. Gender and age influenced health care expenditure and majority of those who had attained higher levels of education were non obese as opposed to their obese counterparts. The study argued that, curriculum innovation focusing on reducing obesity and health care expenditure via educational attainment remains a long term process. Therefore, educational stakeholders should sensitize the community on the basic rules on weight watching and the Bamenda City Council should create weight loss rehabilitation centers. The adoption of personalized and integrated approaches to innovative curriculum planning and design should be of utmost importance to the government of Cameroon.
SOME EVALUATIONS ON THE CURRENT SITUATION OF FACTORS AFFECTING STUDENTS’ INTEREST IN LEARNING ENGLISH AT UNIVERSITY IN THE NORTH OF VIETNAM
Authors: Mui Ha Le Thi , Thi Phuong Dang
Published: July 2022

In this paper we consider some factors affecting the students' interest in learning English at university in the North of Vietnam and assess the current situation of the factors affecting the students' interest in learning English. Thereby proposing appropriate solutions to increase the interest in learning English for students. And so that the students get better English learning results, use English language skills more fluently, have English ability close to requirements and increasing demand in the labor market
TRANSLATED LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS (TRANSLAS) ON TEACHING GRADE-11 COOKERY CONCEPTS
Authors: C. Grustan Michel , C. Buniel John Manuel
Published: July 2022

Modules and activity sheets were essential learning materials in strengthening quality education in the modular distance learning modality amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was conducted to determine the validity and efficiency of the developed Translated Learning Activity Sheet (TransLAS) as a learning material in teaching Grade-11 Cookery in the competency: preparation of various salads and dressings. The analysis sought to investigate the outcomes of the assessment rating of the prepared translated learning activity sheets and the impact of implementation. Teacher experts, student experts, and regular students from secondary schools in Surigao Del Sur Division were the study subjects. The study's tool was the DepEd standard evaluation rating tool for printed materials obtained from the Surigao del Sur Division Learners Resource Management and Development Office, the developed translated learning activity sheets, and the pretest and posttest questionnaires adopted from Project PPE (Portfolio Predicate on Exemplar) on Cookery 11. A developmental-quasi experimental design was used in this study. Using the DepEd standard evaluation rating tool for printed materials, the developed TransLAS in Teaching Cookery – 11 were rated very satisfactory as to educational soundness. Likewise, as to its extent of validity, it was rated as strongly agree. Analyses found that students who utilized the translated learning activity sheets scored significantly better than those who used the learning activity sheets with no translation on the posttest. The study concluded that the developed translated learning activity sheet has a positive learning outcome in learners' competency mastery. Likewise, it is accepted and recommended for learning purposes as experts evaluate educational soundness and extent of validity.
TE FOSFOCOMPOST COMBINADOS CON EXTRACTOS VEGETALES EN LA PROPAGACIÓN DE Hylocereus undatus y Selenicereus megalanthus
Authors: Taipe Rojas Yeferson , Esteban Nolberto Efraín David
Published: July 2022

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar el efecto del té fosfocompost combinado con extractos de plantas sobre la propagación de Hylocereus undatus y Selenicereus megalanthus en el distrito de Marcas, provincia de Acobamba, Región Huancavelica, durante la temporada noviembre 2019 hasta abril 2020, en un diseño de Bloques al Azar en Arreglo Bifactorial (5*2) enraizadores * variedad: con 10 tratamientos y 3 repeticiones, siendo los enraizantes: el té de fosfocompost, té de fosfocompost + agua de coco, té de fosfocompost + extracto de aloe, té de fosfocompost + agua de coco + extracto de aloe, el testigo. Entre los resultados se registra que la variedad roja fue superior estadísticamente para todas las variables evaluadas, obteniendo en promedio 7.8 raíces/planta y el 100% de enraizamiento; los tratamientos T7, T6, T8 registraron 8.17, 6.83 y 6.50 raíces/planta respectivamente. La longitud de raíces de T7 fue de 22.65 cm, seguida por el T8 con 18.64 cm. El peso fresco y seco del T8 y T7 fue de 5.15 g y 0.40 g respectivamente y el número y longitud de brotes fue de 1.93 brotes/planta y 12.02 cm de longitud respectivamente en contraste con la variedad amarilla que obtuvo bajos resultados.
Límite de una sucesión con GeoGebra
Authors: Arias Ana Lucía , Muela Jimmy , Lima Jhon
Published: July 2022

El presente taller tiene por objetivo analizar de qué manera se puede usar el software GeoGebra en la enseñanza-aprendizaje de la concepción dinámica del concepto de límite para estudiantes de Bachillerato General Unificado, el sustento teórico de la misma constituye la teoría APOE de Dubinsky en lo que se refiere a la descomposición genética del concepto de límite de una función. Esta investigación es cualitativa de nivel exploratorio-descriptivo, se utilizó tanto una investigación bibliográfica documental como una investigación de campo, para lo cual se elaboró un instrumento compuesto por cinco tareas didácticas que cuenta con preguntas de selección múltiple y de completar, presentadas en la plataforma Geogebra.org. Uno de los principales resultados que se espera alcanzar es una mayor comprensión del concepto de límite por medio del sistema de representación gráfico en comparación con los otros sistemas de representación.
Criando Podcasts como ferramenta educacional para a saúde integral da mulher: relato de experiência de um projeto de extensão
Authors: Riedmann Luane do Nascimento , da Silva Camila Matias , Tavares Sâmela Caetano , Braga Fernanda Amorim de Morais , Mathias Lyvia Christina de Oliveira , Ferreira Lavínia Paiva da Silva , Sandre Amanda Jorge
Published: July 2022

Introdução: O podcast é uma mídia digital, que tem sido usada também para a educação. A educação em saúde pode ser definida como conjunto de práticas que contribui para aumentar a autonomia das pessoas no seu cuidado. Objetivo: Descrever a experiência extensionista de um projeto de extensão de uma universidade pública na produção de podcasts voltados para a saúde integral da mulher. Métodos: Trata-se de um relato de experiência a partir da produção de áudios para a promoção da saúde da mulher em um canal de mensagens (Telegram®). As etapas contaram com a participação de toda equipe, sendo: (1) Reuniões de planejamento; (2) Distribuição dos temas entre alunos; (3) Pesquisa do tema e criação do roteiro; (4) Gravação e edição; (5) Publicação e interação com o público; (6) Avaliação.  Resultados: Para a determinação dos temas, fez-se uma enquete inicial no canal, a roteirização seguiu as publicações científicas recentes e a publicação ocorreu uma vez na semana. A criação e edição dos podcasts ocorreram em celulares ou computadores da equipe, mantendo-se o tempo médio de três minutos, para maior engajamento. Regularmente a equipe faz uma enquete para o público do canal sobre o conteúdo e chamadas de temas. Os resultados mostraram que 85% consideram o conteúdo como “muito bom” e 15% como “bom”. Conclusão: As experiências permitiram reflexão e aprendizado de novas tecnologias aplicadas à promoção e educação em saúde, proporcionando inovação curricular aos alunos, visto que eles desenvolveram atividades de produção, que poderá engrandecer a formação profissional.

Palavras-chave: Aleitamento materno. Promoção da saúde. Educação em saúde. Saúde da mulher. Extensão.
Türk- Alman Sosyoekonomik İlişkilerinde Ulus-Ötesi Göçmenlerin Önemi
Authors: KÜÇÜK Ahmet
Published: July 2022

Çok eski geçmişe sahip olan Türk-Alman sosyoekonomik ilişkileri son yıllarda Almanya ile Türkiye arasında artan ulus-ötesi göçmen akışı sayesinde önemli bir ivme kazanmış durum-da.

Almanya da yaşayan nitelikli Türk veya Türk kökenli Almanlar bu gelişmenin en önemli sosyal sermayesini oluşturmaktadırlar. Üretim maliyetlerini düşürmek için üretim merkez-lerini Doğu Avrupa ülkelerine taşıyan Alman şirketlerin Türkiye’yi seçmelerinde, Almanya da sosyalleşmiş, eğitim almış, Alman iş anlayışına alışık fakat aynı zamanda Türk kültürü-ne de yabancı olmayan bu ulus-ötesi göçmenler, her iki ülkede sahip oldukları ulus-ötesi alanlar ve sosyoekonomik ağlar sayesinde, önemli bir tercih nedeni oluşturmaktadırlar. Bu çalışmanın amacı bu nitelikli ulus-ötesi göçmenlerin Türkiye ile Almanya arasında artan sosyoekonomik ilişkilere nasıl katkı sağladıklarını ilgili literatürden elde edilen veriler ışı-ğında görünür hale getirmek ve bu alanda ihtiyaç duyulan akademik çalışmalara dikkat çekmektir.
PENGARUH DUKUNGAN SOSIAL DAN TEMAN SEBAYA TERHADAP KEPERCAYAAN DIRI ANAK YATIM PIATU DI LKSA IZZATUL JANNAH SUKODONO LUMAJANG
Authors: Lukman Hakim
Published: July 2022

Setiap individu mendambakan keberhasilan dalam hidupnya, namun kerap kali terhalang oleh karakter ketidakpercayaan diri. Dengan ketidakpercayaan diri, banyak sekali peluang keberhasilan tertutup untuknya. Individu yang percaya diri akan mudah menyesuaikan diri terhadap lingkungan yang baru, mempunyai pegangan hidup yang kuat, dan mampu mengembangkan potensinya. Ia juga sanggup belajar dan bekerja keras untuk mencapai kemajuan serta penuh keyakinan terhadap peran yang dijalaninya sehingga cenderung lebih mudah meraih keberhasilan.

Penelitian ini akan melihat: 1) Adakah pengaruh dukungan sosial terhadap kepercayaan diri anak yatim di LKSA Izzatul Jannah Sukodono Lumajang?; 2) Adakah pengaruh teman sebaya terhadap kepercayaan diri anak yatim di LKSA Izzatul Jannah Sukodono Lumajang?; 3) Adakah pengaruh secara simultan antara dukungan sosial dan teman sebaya terhadap kepercayaan diri anak yatim di LKSA Izzatul Jannah Sukodono Lumajang?

Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan atau metode kuantitatif korelasional.

Penelitian menunjukkan hasil bahwa 1) secara parsial variabel dukungan sosial berpengaruh terhdap kepercayaan diri dengan signifikansi t lebih kecil dari 0,05 yaitu 0,001 < 0,05, 2) secara parsial teman sebaya berpengaruh terhadap kepercayaan diri dengan signifikansi t lebih kecil dari 5% yaitu 0,006 < 0,05, 3) secara simultan variabel dukungan sosial dan teman sebaya berpengaruh secara bersama-sama dengan signifikansi 0,001 < 0,05.
STRATEGI KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN BUDAYA MUTU (STUDI MULTIKASUS DI SMPN 1 SUKODONO LUMAJANG DAN MTS. NEGERI LUMAJANG)
Authors: Hairul Ulum
Published: July 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu: 1). Untuk mendiskripsikan realitas pengembangan budaya mutu untuk mewujudkan sekolah unggul di SMPN I Sukodono dan MTs. Negeri Lumajang, 2). Untuk mendiskripsikan strategi kepala sekolah dalam mengembangkan budaya mutu untuk mewujudkan sekolah unggul di SMPN I Sukodono Lumajang dan MTs. Negeri Lumajang, 3). Untuk mendiskripsikan dampak pengembangan budaya mutu sekolah untuk mewujudkan sekolahunggul di SMPN 1 Sukodono dan MTs. Negeri Lumajang

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif analisis melalui studi multi kasus.Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi.Sumber informan dalam penelitian ini yaitu kepala sekolah, tenaga kependidikan, siswa, dan masyarakat (wali murid).Teknik analisis data meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan.Pengecekan keabsahan temuan dilakukan dengan teknik analisis data lintas kasus.

Adapun hasil penelitian strategi pengembangan budaya mutu untuk mewujudkan sekolah unggul di SMPN 1 Sukodono Lumajang yaitu: 1.Realitas pengembangan budaya mutu: a. Realitas nilai-nilai budaya mutu yang dikembangkan yaitu  nilai-nilai kedisiplinan, nilai-nilai komunikasi, nilai-nilai kerjasama, nilai-nilai komitmen kerja, nilai-nilai keterbukaan, nilai-nilai sosial, dan nilai-nilai perjuangan. b. Budaya lingkungan sekolah bersih dan sehat, c. budaya agamis, dan d. budaya prestasi. 2. Strategi yang digunakan oleh kepala sekolah yaitu membentuk a. kebijakan, b. sosialisasi, c. keteladanan, dan d. evaluasi. 3. Adapun dampak terhadap sekolah efektif (unggul).
An economic analysis on cost and returns of paddy in Jawadhu hills of Tamil Nadu
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Economics, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu- 608 002., K Marikannan , G. Srinivasan ,   Department of Agricultural Economics, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu- 608 002.
Published: July 2022

Rice is one of the three most important and staple food crops in the world. Rice belongs to the genus Oryza and family Gramineae. It is one of the few crop species endowed with richest genetic diversity. India is the second largest rice growing country after China. Tamil Nadu is the second largest producer of Paddy and the state is historically known for its agriculture since ancient times. The major food crop like Paddy is grown in large extent and rice is the staple food of the state. Because of the familiarity, the paddy crop has been cultivated in the hilly areas and it replaced traditional millet crops over the years. At this juncture, the study on economic analysis on production of paddy in Jawadhu hills of Tamil Nadu was carried out with the following specific objectives of: (i) to estimate costs and returns of paddy cultivation in the study area, (ii) to identify the constraints in production of paddy cultivation and offer policy suggestion based on the results of the study. A multi-stage stratified random sampling procedure was adopted for the study. Due to the profitability (net return in Rs.16, 726.00 per acre) of the crop, the tribal farmers in the study area increasing their area of cultivation of paddy over the years. But due to inadequacy of labour lack of availability of good quality seed and irrigation facility their portability minimized. The department of Agriculture and the Government has to take necessary steps to solve their constraints in paddy cultivation for the prosperity of the tribal farmers in the study area.
SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING PRACTICES THROUGH INTEGRATED REPORTING FRAMEWORK FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY
Authors: AlShara Hawraa Nama
Published: July 2022

This research aims to shed light on the scientific underpinnings and benefits of sustainable development in businesses. Additionally, it seeks to examine the integrated reporting framework's significance in attaining sustainable development objectives within industries and its appropriateness in improving the quality and transparency of integrated reports inside businesses. This research uses the survey method to determine the extent of information disclosure. In other words, whether the information exists (quantitative) and does not exist within the accounting system's output. The study uses data from Audi Bank's annual reports for the years 2012 to 2016. The findings indicate a disconnect between the accounting information system's outputs and the criteria for sustainability. Furthermore, the results of this study shed light on the compatibility between the outcomes of the accounting information system and the sustainability requirements for the preparation of the integrated report (IR) to close the gap between the requirements for the indicators of the integrated reporting framework and the integrated report proposal form used by businesses
FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY AND FINANCIAL REPORTING PRACTICES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: EVIDENCE FROM IRAQ
Authors: Alnajjar Furqan Alaa
Published: July 2022

This study seeks to discover the nature of the link between the financial reporting methods used by nonprofit organizations in Iraq and their long-term financial viability. NPO financial reporting methods now are not consistent with their nature. According to the exploratory study, they do not satisfy stakeholder expectations, which also shows that the general assessment of the financial reporting system of Iraqi NPOs is inadequate. For the three years, 2015-2017, data from a study of 70 Iraq-registered NGOs shows that most financial sustainability metrics were poor, except the current ratio, which shows that 69% of NPOs had sufficient cash. However, when it comes to solvency (39%) and saving (19%) as well as defensive interval, the data show a zigzag pattern of decrease (46 percent ). As a result of inadequate Iraqi financial reporting standards and low economic sustainability indicators, the study concludes that nonprofit organizations' financial reporting system is integrated with financial sustainability
EVALUATING THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF PUBLIC SECTOR UNITS USING THE TRADITIONAL BUDGETING PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Hraeja Raad Abdmislem
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this research is to show the applicability of financial performance metrics under the traditional budget (items budget) for assessing the General Directorate of Education in the Najaf Governorate. The process of planning, organizing, directing, and controlling is contingent upon balancing the items approved by the Iraqi government and determining whether financial indicators achieve the desired results from the performance evaluation process and contribute to establishing the correct foundations for future decision-making. Consequently, it has a favorable effect on profitability and liquidity, increasing the Directorate's economic and social worth. The financial statements of the General Directorate of Education in Najaf Governorate for the fiscal year 2017 were examined To accomplish the study's goals. In addition, the economic indicators used to evaluate performance levels were retrieved. The findings indicate that it is impossible to evaluate the financial performance of the General Directorate of Education in Najaf Governorate using current economic indicators in light of the outputs required by the government accounting system and the details contained in the budget for the items used. This research suggests many changes to Iraq's budget system that will assist strengthen the role of financial indicators in making several critical choices that will aid in the growth of the Directorate's operations
POLLUTION TAXATION FOR CLEAN PRODUCTION SYSTEMS: A CASE OF IRAQ
Authors: Karim Saja Najah
Published: July 2022

Environmental pollution tax is one of the most significant ecological levies to combat environmental pollution caused by fossil fuel burning. Ecological impacts and corruption are so severe that several nations have adopted an ecological pollution tax to combat climate change, contributing to global warming. Additionally, the environmental pollution tax on fossil fuels includes two components: the imposition of a tax on combusted fuels, dubbed the energy tax, and a tariff on carbon emissions produced by fuel combustion, dubbed the carbon tax. The purpose of this research was to develop a suggested model for an environmental pollution tax in Iraq that would be levied on industrial firms that are environmentally sensitive or polluters. In addition, growing proposed gasoline tax rates. The study's findings indicated that accounting information plays a role in the formulation and application of environmental pollution taxes by providing the information required to determine the extent to which a business makes efforts to mitigate the ecological effects of its activities. Tax deductions were suggested in the proposed model to incentivize individuals tasked with decreasing environmental pollution caused by their operations. These deductions include solid waste expenses (which are the costs incurred by taxpayers to dispose of trash generated by their functions), environmental protection costs (which include waste, salaries, wages, and commodity materials), and activity costs. Maintenance (expenses spent by taxpayers to maintain precipitators and steam boilers) and quality management costs (costs incurred by taxpayers to minimize defective goods and hazardous manufacturing residues) are all results of the company's accounting system
The Impact of Money Supply M1 on Balance Exchange Rate of The Iraqi Dinar
Authors: Maznan Nasr Hamoud
Published: July 2022

Iraq went through unique circumstances that no developing or advanced country has experienced throughout modern history. As soon as   September of 1980  (the beginning of the research period) broke out until a long eight-year war that burned the green and the dry, the Iraqi economy came out of it burdensomely. With the various economic problems represented by high inflation rates, high volume of external indebtedness, and deterioration of the exchange rate of the Iraqi dinar and others. As soon as the war ended, Iraq entered into a devastating international war that lasted unless it was destroyed from the infrastructure of the Iraqi economy,  followed by a comprehensive economic blockade that isolated Iraq from the world economically, scientifically, and culturally.  Naturally,   these circumstances in Qatar exacerbate most of the financial problems already experienced by the Iraqi economy during the 1980s. Suppose we add to those conditions the mismanagement of the ruling regime, whose decisions were focused on strengthening the fragile pillars of its rule. The decisions made were political before they were economical and targeted the regime's interests before they were aimed at the interests of the economy.
The Impact of Strategic Planning on Administrative Empowerment In Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Abraheem Mohammad Kalil
Published: July 2022

This study seeks to recognize the impact of strategic planning on administrative empowerment in the University of Misan. The problem of this study is to answer the following question:  What is the effect of the reality of strategic planning on administrative empowerment in the University of Misan? The researcher utilized the questionnaire technique as the main tool for gathering primary data. The main conclusion of this study is that the reality of strategic planning's effects on administrative empowerment in the University of Misan. Specifically for young people, these findings have significant implications for the difficulty of attaining sustainable education and community involvement and action supporting the SDGs in Iraq, particularly for those underrepresented in higher education. Furthermore, because the intervention can be replicated and scaled, the findings also point to the potential for expanding the research scope and the reach of this type of experiential learning intervention to include a broader range of geographies and different generations of community segments.
Using Attribute-Based Costing To Conduct Efficient Customer Profitability Analysis In Small And Medium-Sized Manufacturing Businesses
Authors: Kadhim Hatem Karim , Al-Ghezi Riyadh Kareem
Published: July 2022

The research aims to show both cost technology based on ABC II specifications and customer The study seeks to demonstrate both cost technology and customer profitability analysis based on ABC II standards (CPA as contemporary accounting techniques and money from a significant role in developing the performance of the economic unit compared to traditional cost technologies). Emphasizing the function of cost technology in delivering relevant information to manage the monetary team enables it to examine the profitability of the client and retain customers for the men's clothes factory in Najaf. The purpose of this study is to use cost technology to data collected from the Men's Clothing Factory in Najaf in 2019 through field visits and interviews with department managers and staff in order to examine the profitability of customers within the economic unit research sample. The results indicate that customers whose overall losses grew under the conventional cost system benefit from ABC11 technology's optimum resource utilization and cost reductions while matching customer requirements and demands. According to the company's conventional system, the client who was losing money was (y) by (16145000) dinars has become a successful customer (5535,000) dinars, which suggests that ABC11is critical in supplying relevant information to accurately measure the profitability of consumers.
Measuring Asymmetric Cost Behavior In Iraqi Industrial Companies
Authors: Aureaar Karrar Abdulelah , Al-Jubouri Ali Jassim
Published: July 2022

The accounting literature has not established a comprehensive framework for monitoring asymmetric behavior, expectations of cost estimations more effectively. Thus, the research sought to emphasize the significance of asymmetric cost behavior in Iraqi economic units and contribute to developing a knowledge framework that incorporates it (asymmetric cost behavior). The departments of monetary units suffer from a lack of knowledge about cost management, which prevents them from making efficient and acceptable use of resources. They adhere to the traditional proportional theory of fixed and variable cost behavior, which is dependent on the level of production volume only. As the study topic was defined by a series of questions, the most essential of which was What are the conceptual and intellectual tendencies in the field of asymmetric cost behavior research? The study was conducted in the (industrial) sector and applied to a sample of (13) enterprises based on data available on the Iraq Inventory Exchange's website to accomplish the research's objectives and address its issues. Accounting equations and statistical techniques were used to process the data, and the findings were retrieved using statistical software (Eviews). The research came to several conclusions, including the following. First, the inventory index has a noticeable effect on the behavior of asymmetric costs, indicating that economic units want to keep resources and funding to satisfy future demand changes. The study made several recommendations, the most significant of which drew the attention of those responsible for managing economic units to the importance of studying and comprehending the asymmetric behavior of cost elements and the consequences of this behavior to obtain information for the various decisions made within the economic unit.
The Role of Project Resource Planning In Cost Management: An Empirical Study In The Central Najaf Drug Store
Authors: Aureaar Karrar Abdulelah , Hussein Hind Ali
Published: July 2022

This paper is concerned with highlighting the changes in the environment of economic units and the critical requirements for success in them. The ERP that is the subject of the study is a powerful management tool that classifies costs based on resources and their legacy and expenses associated with time-sensitive activities and provides cost-effective environments. However, economic units attempt to optimize the outcomes obtained more than they would if utilized independently since most economical units suffer from insufficient planning and preparation for resource-consuming operations. The study discovered that ERP organizes time data for all resource operations into theoretical and practical energy to regulate and control resource expenditures. It was consequently advised that the ERP application's findings be distributed and publicized in Iraqi economic units since they address the issue of data inaccuracy in cost measuring methodologies.
The Legal Nature of The Scientific Research Contract
Authors: Lafta Naseer Sabbar
Published: July 2022

Because traditional contractual formulae do not always correspond to the patterns of sophisticated intellectual dealing, the world of knowledge is beginning to arrange itself automatically via the use of new and organized structures. The article's objective is to analyze Iraq's current contract law for scientific research, which must conform to the terms of the contract law governing the Nature of the research Community. The article uses broad scientific and specialized legal methodologies to advance the scientific understanding of private-law relationships. The modeling methodology is the most effective tool for investigating this topic. Therefore, contracting and working in a hands-on research contract was a reaction to a new phase of scientific research development based on scientific knowledge. It is active in a variety of sectors of scientific knowledge, as well as adaptable to the unique demands of scientific knowledge students. As a means of communicating information from the specialist (researcher) to the person who is aware of it (the beneficiary) for them to desire it from behind this information.
Comparative Law As A Critical Tool For Legal Research In Arab Countries: A Comparative Study on Contractual Balance
Authors: Chaaban Yousra
Published: July 2022

Montesquieu frequently used analogies from antiquity, the English political system, or the Chinese legal system in his classic work 'De l'esprit des lois'. To conduct and convey legal research more effectively, it is not sufficient to analyze a single system. Through real-world experiences, exposure to the legal environment enables the development of a particular cultural and sociological philosophy of the rule of law. We believe that comparative law is a challenging discipline to situate. It takes a social science and a legal perspective. According to Édouard Lambert, comparative law has two conceptions: one in which it is viewed as a social science, and another in which it is viewed as a higher kind of legal art. To distinguish between these two ideas, he asserts that the first "social" approach places a premium on comparative history, whilst the second "legal" approach focuses on comparative legislation, specifically on the legal systems of distinct peoples.
Economic Development and Institutional Economic Mechanisms In Emerging Countries: A Case of Iraq
Authors: Ali Maan Abood , Al-Yasiri Ahmed Jassim
Published: July 2022

The institutional economy is concerned with the role of enterprises in economic activity, access to efficiency, and shaping economic behavior. Because institutional procedures are critical in various productive activities, a state suffering from decline and a lack of institutional practices will not advance economically. It also emphasizes the importance of Conducting extensive research on institutions and market views and the many interactions between persons and institutions in society to improve the position of society's members and the state as a whole on both the local and local international level. This study aims to illustrate the historical context of the institutional economy and its contemporary advancements. It seeks to show the dynamics behind current institutional economies. Finally, it tries to provide light on Iraq's institutional architecture through several indicators. The findings reveal that Iraq's institutional economy is deteriorating across several economic sectors, which has resulted in rampant corruption. In addition, restricted limits on productive activity have harmed the country's economic progress.
DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Pérez Ramírez Jacinto Eugenio , Urgilés Beltrán Juan Sebastián , Espinoza Palomeque Gustavo Adolfo
Published: July 2022

Una las patologías más frecuentes en nuestro país Ecuador, como en todo el mundo, es la diabetes miellitus, que pertenece al grupo de las Enfermedades Crónicas no Transmisibles tales como hipertensión Arterial (HTA), enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC), cardiovasculares, artritis, artrosis, cáncer, dislipidemias, obesidad, entre otras, las cuales en conjunto están consideradas como un problema de salud pública, las mismas pertenecen a estadísticas importantes que determina que cada año aumentan en número las personas que las adquieren y cada vez la media de edad de presentación va disminuyendo. Alrededor de los 56 millones de defunciones ocurridas en el 2012, 38 millones son ocasionadas por enfermedades no transmisibles, de estos 28 millones ocurrieron en países de bajos recursos. Las causas más frecuentes son por: EPOC, cáncer, patologías cardiovasculares, diabetes, las mismas que se podrían evitar si se trabaja conjuntamente con prevención y promoción de la salud.
DIFICULTAD RESPIRATORIA EN EL RECIEN NACIDO
Authors: González Juan Manuel , Alomía Castro Paúl Esteban , Luzuriaga Torres Sandra Verónica
Published: July 2022

La dificultad respiratoria en el recién nacido o su sinónimo distres respiratorio de tipo I (SDR I) también llamado hace algunos años como enfermedad de membrana hialina, considerada una patología común en la UCIN a nivel mundial. Dicha patología se evidencia en un numero de 10 de cada 100 nacidos prematuros, siendo la mayor incidencia en los menores de 34 semanas de edad gestacional , género masculino y con bajo peso al nacer.

Siendo el peso al nacimiento un “indicador" de pronóstico, pero recordar que no siempre reflejara la madurez de un neonato. Al analizar los resultados por grupo de peso, los prematuros extremos presentan variaciones dentro de la misma clasificación , tal vez influenciados por la diferencia en la madurez alcanzada.
Microbial Production of Biopaper Pulp
Authors: Desai Yagnik , Goti Dhvani
Published: July 2022

Cellulose are the most abundant source of organic carbon source that accounts for about 50% of the earth’s carbon. Bacterial Cellulose or Bio-Cellulose (BC) is a bio-polysaccharide naturally produced by some acetic acid bacteria. The bacterial cellulose producing strain from rotten fruits, fermented vinegar, soil, souring juices have reported for higher their production. Bacterial cellulose has received great attention and has been applied in a variety of commercial applications due to its high tensile strength, better quality, high purity, and water holding capacity. Bacterial cellulose has been used as a raw material for producing high-fidelity acoustic speakers, high-quality paper and dietary foods and many other acivities without wasting the woods so that can also prevent the environmental demages, So the current review is to focus on the bacterial cellulose production and its application.
International Comparative Analysis of the Schutte Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Scale
Authors: Pisnar Mary , Vicente B. de M. Cordeiro José , Phadke Suniti
Published: July 2022

Measurement of emotional intelligence has proved to be problematic in terms of sample, measurement, and conceptual issues. The current study refines the sample to clearly identified countries of the United States, Brazil, and India. Country identification will facilitate an examination of cultural differences in the Schutte Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Scale (SSREI) factor structure. The SSREI became one of the few instruments measuring EI that were in the public domain (Tett et al., 2005). Further studies indicated structural problems with the SSREI (Austin et al., 2004; Gignac et al., 2005; Petrides & Furnham, 2000; and Saklofske et al., 2003). Researchers stressed the need to test the instrument on a wider range of populations. Data collected through a collaborative research project with Baldwin Wallace University, FAE Business School in Curitiba, Brazil and Christ University in Bangalore, India are used to compare the U.S., Brazil, and India responses to the Schutte Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Scale (SSREI). Data was collected from 646 MBA students across the three countries. Results show that dimensions of the SSREI do not translate well across cultures, but the unidimensional scale may be appropriate across cultures.
Skinner y el desarrollo psicológico
Authors: LUCIANO Mª Carmen
Published: July 2022

Las aportaciones de Skinner al campo de la psicología evolutiva o desarrollo psicológico son el objetivo del presente trabajo. En tal intento, el primer paso es acotar el término a la par que el contenido. El segundo paso consiste en hacer explícitos ciertos tópicos de la obra de Skinner con una especial importancia en relación a la procedencia del desarrollo psicológico humano, es decir historia filogenética y ontogenética. Continúa con la mención al análisis de las principales teorías del desarrollo más cultural mente arraigadas entre nosotros, y ellas en relación a la posición funcional o conductual del desarrollo. Se concluye con un ejemplo de esta aproximación aplicado al desarrollo de ciertas habilidades, de especial importancia en estos momentos, como son la formación y mantenimiento de valores y creencias.
Una alternativa actual al dualismo en Psicología: la Ciencia Conductual Contextual
Authors: VÁZQUEZ LÓPEZ Nuria , BASCOY GONZÁLEZ Alejandro
Published: July 2022

The article tries to verify the dualist character that still invades psychology, and how the pragmatic and philosophical problems of it have as a most useful solution to resort to a materialist monism, embodied in the figure of brain-centered reductionism. Likewise, the characteristics, philosophy and applications of the CBS (Contextual Behavioral Science) are presented in order to offer an alternative within the psychology that overcomes the prevailing dualism and preserves the independence of psychology as an autonomous field in science, among biology and sociology.
Development and Analysis of Biometric Ingress Surveillance
Authors: Sinha Shweta , Singh Juhi
Published: July 2022

Face recognition is a classic problem in the field of computer vision and popular due to its wide applications in real-world problems such as access control, identity verification, physical security, surveillance, etc. Recent progress in deep learning techniques and the access to large-scale face databases has led to a significant improvement of face recognition accuracy under constrained and semi-constrained scenarios. Deep neural networks are shown to surpass human performance on Labelled Face in the Wild (LFW), which consists of celebrity photos captured in the wild. This technology can be used to create a surveillance for the ingress systems with broad scope of application in multiple scenarios. The major ingress problems that will be address will include, but are not limited to: lack of automata, robust face normalization, discrimination, representation learning and the ambiguity of facial features caused by information loss. This paper discusses biometric ingress surveillance. With a brief review of the subject the paper presents an application in this domain that highlights the true potential of a surveillance system that can have face recognition as a biometric authentication to ingress at homes, offices, universities and other potential ingress systems.
2:1 Multiplexer Design Using Lector, LCnmos, LCpmos Power Reduction Techniques with 45nm, 90nm, 180nm CMOS Technology
Authors: Kumar Dr. Ch. Manohar , Harika Ms. M.V. Sree , Babu Mr. S. Mahesh , Lakshmi Ms. D. Manasa , Jagadeesh Mr. G.
Published: July 2022

Today’s modern communication requires high data transmission rate and low power consumption. One of the most common concept of data transmission can be achieved by Multiplexers. The Multiplexers are the logic designs where data can be transmitted by n number of inputs over transmission path based on the selection line producing the single input. The application of Multiplexers is more active in communications system. AlsoLow power consumption and high-speed result is the major concern for choosing the digital circuits [1,2]. Here we designed 2:1 Multiplexer using CMOS technology with 45nm, 90nm, 180nm. Since CMOS offers less power consumption, we can till reduce the power consumed by using power reduction techniques. In this paper we designed and compared the 2:1 Multiplexer using Lector, LCnmos and LCpmos power reduction techniques.
Digital Forensics Triage Classification Model using Hybrid Learning Approaches
Authors: L Mohmed Afridhi , K Palanivel
Published: July 2022

The Internet and the accessibility of gadgets with connectivity have resulted in the global spread of cyber threats and cybercrime, posing significant hurdles for digital forensics. Consequently, the volume of information that may need to be investigated is growing, necessitating the development of new forensic technologies and methods. Those now in use are, in fact, old-fashioned, as they are more focused on complete device extraction for case-relevant device identification. A practical approach, a Digital Forensics Triage, tries to quickly collect facts and give essential insight into this circumstance, which could be described as data-rich but information-poor. In time- sensitive scenarios, digital forensics triage approaches can prioritize some electronic gadgets over others based on their significance to the criminal case. The Digital Forensic Laboratories (DFS) make it easier to identify essential gadgets in criminal proceedings when time, significant accumulations, and the accused's confidentiality are critical considerations. Consequently, digital forensics and machine learning techniques allow for the rapid classification of appropriate gadgets despite dipping the quantity of information that has to be adequately studied. This study presents a digital forensic model that may be utilized to build a robotic digital device categorization tool employed in real- world criminal investigations.
A Novel Healthcare Application for Hospital Bed Booking System
Authors: Goyal Yaman , Mishra Abishek Kumar , Arora Dr. Yojna , Gambhir Dr. Ashima
Published: July 2022

With the increasing need for more better way to consume a service during the Covid-19 pandemic, as well as the need of more flexible way to register for the beds in the hospitals, this paper introduces a Web Application which is shaped to provide easy access to book a bed in the hospital for the needy. This framework connects the consumer to an online interface to register themselves and book a bed on their name and hospitals to register themselves and provide their details providing a time efficient way to ease the efforts. It securely maintains the data of users in a database working behind.
Achieving the idea of Zero Solid Waste City for Jammu through ISWM (Integrated Solid Waste Management)
Authors: Mushtaq Myser
Published: July 2022

The idea of the city is dynamic and steadily evolving. The present utilization-driven society delivers a colossal volume of waste consistently. The over-consuming society per capita squanders age is generally higher in high- consuming urban communities in contrast with low- consuming urban areas. Changing as of now over- consuming urban communities into zero-waste urban communities is tested. The idea of the zero-waste urban communities incorporates a 100 percent reusing of city strong waste and a 100 percent recuperation of all assets from squandered materials. The expanding issue of strong waste in Indian urban communities has become one of the most immovable ecological monetary and social issues today. Expansion in the volume of waste created by metropolitan occupants, change in the nature of waste creation and the removal strategy for squandering gathered are the main pressing issue. The present paper is a methodology that examines the issue of strong waste and fosters zero squander. It endeavors to uncover the issues worried about strong waste in Jammu. It centers on the issues recognized in various writing for strong waste. The paper has been separated into three segments. Area one chats on the current situation of strong waste. Segment two do writings audits and makes sense of their finding the paper at long last attempts to integrate the zero-waste city thought for Jammu.
Bitumen as a Binder in Flexible Pavement Through New Additives and in Situ Polymerization
Authors: Iqbal Shadaab , Chalotra Er. Shakshi
Published: July 2022

Bitumen is a black non-crystalline thermoplastic viscous substance used for millennia as an adhesive, sealant and water proofing agent. Bitumen is modified with a number of additives and broadly classified polymeric and other chemical modifiers. Heavy loads, greater tyre pressure and increasing traffic are stressing roadways, triggering early breakdowns. Severe climate and an increasing focus on safety have motivated research into roadway paving materials. To solve these issues highway engineers and researchers have sorted to bespoke pavement materials. It has been shown that polymer modifiers may enhance the binder's ageing properties, delaying the detrimental effects of the process, which results in an improved pavement. Our findings suggest that waste PET- derived (polyethylene terephthalate) compounds, antistripping characteristics are on par with those of commercially available antistripping chemicals. A huge environmental pollution issue may be alleviated as a result of the latest research into the recycling of waste PET (polyethylene terephthalate) in bituminous concrete.