bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organizational Culture: A Case Study Measuring the Importance and Presence of Organization Values at a Higher Education Organization in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Reda Hussein M.
Published: March 2018

This paper presents the findings of a study that was conducted to investigate the levels of organizational culture values that are present in students and instructors in a higher education organization in Saudi Arabia. A Survey was prepared and conducted to obtain primary data from students and instructors perception of thirty two basic and common values that are relevant to the study of organizational culture. The study findings gives valuable insights into how students and instructors see the importance and presence of organizational values and beliefs in the organization. Moreover, the enthusiasm of instructors and students gave a clear indication of how significantly important the surveys were to them. Higher education organizations may look at this paper’s findings and may choose to apply its methodology to their organization and utilize its outcomes to better understand and then improve their organizational culture. Finally, this study provide a thorough investigation of a higher education organization culture by ranking the thirty two common values and measures their presence in the students and instructors community. The study will hopefully open an area of interest that could provide considerable insight for researchers interested in this topic.
The effect of cyclical stimulation on the primary neurons of Bombyx Mori
Authors: Zuko Yeti , Maeda Kazuo
Published: March 2018

Changes to the Silkworm axon initiation segment in frequently firing neurons are known to be important predictors of silk production in the Japanese Silkworm (Bombyx Mori). Studying this phenomenon in primary neurons is critical to understanding the regulation of silk production. To study these changes we used cyclical stimulations using micro-electrodes to the Silkworm axon initiation segment of primary neurons. Numerical simulation results indicate that Silkworm axon initiation segment water potential fluctuated sinusoidally on high voltage only. Fluctuations in the amplitude and trend were caused by calcium flow and storage resistance, respectively. The change in Silkworm axon initiation segment-stored water was proportional to the change rate in water potential. Silkworm axon initiation segment diameter increased with fluctuations in calcium free media; moreover, it varied slightly under low voltage conditions. Our results indicate that the changes in Silkworm axon initiation segment diameter were caused by changes in water potential, which can be attributed to subcellular gated calcium channels within the primary neurons.
Does Neem trigger the same response as Ivermectin? Dung beetle behaviour and physiology
Authors: Souza Agnis , Ferreira-Châline Ronara , Châline Nicolas , Korasaki Vanesca , Beiroz Wallace , Louzada Julio
Published: March 2018

Potential negative effects of the synthetic veterinary pharmaceutical, Ivermectin, on non-target fauna have generated a search for less-toxic alternatives. Thus, Neem plant extract (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) has been used as a natural alternative to replace Ivermectin worldwide. However, little is known about the effects of this natural veterinary pharmaceutical’s residues on the behaviour and physiology of adult dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae), which use livestock dung as a feeding and nesting resource. To understand such effects, we performed a non-choice experiment using Dichotomius nisus Oliver, 1798. We evaluated effects of Neem and Ivermectin residues on the ecological functions of dung burial and soil bioturbation performed by dung beetles. Additionally, we performed Soxhlet extraction of dung beetle body fat content to evaluate physiological stress in response to ingestion of Ivermectin or Neem. Our results showed that D. nisus do not alter their behaviour in the presence of Neem and Ivermectin residues in dung when contrasted with the control after 48 hours. However, individuals feeding on dung with Ivermectin residues for a period of twenty days had 5% more body fat content than those from control and Neem treatments. Our findings provide the first evidence that Neem can be a less toxic alternative to non-target fauna than Ivermectin.
Rhabdias bufonis (Rhabdiasidae) from the lung of the African common toad, Amietophrynus regularis (Bufonidae) in Egypt. New data on the basis of light and scanning electron microscopic study
Authors: Morsy Kareem , Ali Sara , Abdel Ghaffar Fathy , El Fayoumi Hoda , Abdel Haleem Heba
Published: March 2018

Background and Aims: Rhabdias bufonis (Rhabdiasidae) is a nematode parasite of family Rhabdiasidae infecting the lung of amphibians. The present study provides new morphological details for R. bufonis isolated from the lungs of the African common toad, Amietophrynus regularis based on observations of light and scanning electron microscopy. Methods: Forty specimens were collected during the period from March to August 2017 from its natural habitat; the damp, moist fields and gardens at Giza governorate, Egypt. Nematode worms were isolated from the lungs, fixed and then preserved. They were examined using light and scanning electron microscopy with further line drawings. Results: 14 specimens (35%) were found to harbor a large number of Rhabdias. Body of the gravid females were elongated, slender, measured 3.22–9.86 (5.64±0.03) long and 0.09–0.48 (0.23±0.02) mm wide at mid–length. Buccal capsule was with cylindrical lumen and sclerotised walls 13–31 (18 ± 2) long and 16–27 (24 ± 2) mm wide. Ovaries were almost straight. The uteri were located anterior and posterior to the vulva. Uterus filled with large number of eggs (17-42). Eggs were oval in shape, 0.120–0.132 (0.126±0.002) × 0.039–0.812 (0.517±0.02) mm and some of them were with fully developed larvae inside. The tail was comparatively short, gradually tapered, tail length 0.131–0.435 (0.320±0.02) mm long. SEM showed that worms possessed an oval anterior end with a simple, slit like oral opening. The lipless edges of mouth opening bordered with tiny cuticular elevations, radiated outwards. Two pairs of submedian cephalic papillae were observed around the oral opening as well as two amphids. Conclusion: The current study introduced new morphological details for R. bufonis isolated from the Egyptian frog, which was not reported in the previous studies, of them, the morphology of the slit–like mouth opening, the two pairs of cephalic papillae, two amphids and the three pairs of cuticular elevations supporting the area around mouth opening.
Küresel Enerji Jeopolitiğinde Türkiye: Fırsatlar ve Riskler / The Position of Turkey in Global Energy Geopolitics: Opportunities and Risks
Authors: Oral Muhammed , Özdemir Ünal
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Turkey has various social, economic, cultural and geostrategic advantages and opportunities thanks to its location. However, it is also located between the Middle East, Balkans, and Caucasus, which are among the most depraved and unstable places in the world. This brings geopolitical risks to Turkey.

With respect to energy geography, Turkey draws attention both as a center and as a natural route country that connects supply and demand territories. More than 70% of the world’s oil and natural gas reserves and about 30% of global consumption currently take place in Europe. Accordingly, Turkey is a terminal country with its energy demand security for resource territories and with its energy supply security for supply territories.

The purpose of this study is to discuss the roles of Turkey with its strategic location in the energy geopolitics centered on oil and natural gas. The study uses the data provided by organizations that engage in significant international and national activities in the industry such as the International Energy Agency (IEA), U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), British Petroleum (BP), World Energy Council (WEC), and the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources. Thus, this study uses a quantitative research method through the collection and analysis of secondary data. 

Öz

Türkiye konum itibariyle sosyal, ekonomik, kültürel ve jeostratejik açıdan çeşitli avantajlara/fırsatlara sahiptir. Ancak söz konusu coğrafya, aynı zamanda dünyanın en buhranlı, istikrarsız mekânlarından olan Orta Doğu, Balkanlar ve Kafkaslar bölgesinde yer almaktadır. Bu durum Türkiye için jeopolitik riskleri de beraberinde getirmektedir.

Enerji Coğrafyası özelinde ise Türkiye, bir merkez ve arz-talep coğrafyalarını birleştiren doğal bir güzergâh ülkesi olarak dikkat çekmektedir. Mevcut durum itibariyle dünya petrol ve doğal gaz rezervlerinin %70’ten fazlası ve küresel tüketimin yaklaşık %30’u Avrupa tüketim coğrafyasında gerçekleşmektedir. Buna göre Türkiye, kaynak coğrafyaları için enerji talep güvenliği, arz coğrafyaları için de enerji arz güvenliği yönüyle terminal bir ülkedir.

Bu çalışmanın amacı, stratejik bir noktada konumlanan Türkiye’nin petrol ve doğal gaz eksenli oluşan enerji jeopolitiğinde ne gibi rollere sahip olduğunu tartışmaktır. Araştırmada; IEA, EIA, BP, WEC, ETKB gibi sektörde uluslararası ve ulusal ölçekte önemli çalışmalar yürüten kuruluşların verilerinden yararlanılmıştır. Dolayısıyla araştırmada ikincil verilerin elde edilmesi ve değerlendirilmesi çerçevesinde nicel metot uygulanmıştır.
Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretiminde Kullanılan Bilgisayar Temelli Materyallerin 6. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Dikkat Düzeylerine Etkisinin Elektroansefalografi Cihazı Aracılığıyla Tespiti / Determination of the Effects of Computer Based Instructional Materials Used in Social Studies Education of Sixth Grade Students' Attention Levels via Using an Electroencephalography Device
Authors: İnel Yusuf , Çetin Turhan
Published: March 2018

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of computer-based instructional materials used in social study courses of sixth grade attention levels via an electroencephalography device. In this study, a time series design was employed. The study group was composed 21 volunteer students who were allowed sixth grade in a public secondary school located in the Central District of Uşak province during the 2013-2014 academic year. NeuroSky's MindWave - EEG device was used as data collection tool in the study. "PYTHON" and "MATLAB" programs were used for the analysis of the obtained data. As a result of the research, prezi presentation, digital graphics, digital map, documentary and animation were found to increase the attention level of the students. Apart from the purpose of the research, the levels of attention dropped when the questions were asked students. According to the printed maps, digital maps increase students' attention and the hand movements of the teacher in the class is also effective in the attention levels of the students.

 

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı, sosyal bilgiler dersinde kullanılan bilgisayar temelli materyallerin 6. sınıf öğrencilerinin dikkat düzeylerine etkisinin tespit edilmesidir. Yarı deneysel modellerden zaman serisi deneysel deseni şeklinde gerçekleştirilen araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2013–2014 eğitim - öğretim yılında, Uşak ili Merkez İlçesinde yer alan bir devlet ortaokulunda öğrenim gören 6. sınıflar arasından ailelerinden izin alınan 21 gönüllü öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak NeuroSky’s MindWave - EEG cihazı kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin çözümlenmesinde, “PYTHON” ve “MATLAB” programlarından yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, hazırlanan Prezi sunumu, dijital grafik, dijital harita, belgesel ve animasyonun öğrencilerin dikkat düzeyini artırdığı bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca araştırmanın amacı dışında, öğrencilere soru sorulduğu anlarda dikkat düzeylerinin düştüğü, dijital haritaların basılı haritalara göre öğrenci dikkatini arttırdığı ve öğretmenin sınıf içerisinde ki el hareketlerinin de öğrencilerin dikkat düzeylerini etkilediği sonuçlarına da ulaşılmıştır. 
Birgivi’nin Tasavvuf ve Tarikatlere Bakışı / The Understanding of Tasawwuf and Tariqat in al-Birgiwi
Authors: Demircigil Bayram
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The relation between sufis and ulema in Ottoman Empire presents an harmonious state in general, but this positive atmosphere changed to an unpleasant condition from time to time because of disagreement in different subjects between two groups of people.

Birgivi is considered one of the most notable scholars in a series of disputes occurred between sufis and ilmiye establishment in the 16th century of Ottoman Empire. His views about innovation (bidʽat), esoteric Sufism and tariqats in those discussions in which he adopted a rather strict and strong language were assessed and criticized by a number of authors. These assessments generally comprise that Mehmed Birgivi (d. 981/1573) disregarded all traditions and customs in the society and was affected by salafism, but it is conspicuous that most of these opinions and claims about his approaches are either inaccurate or inadequate as a result of the lack of the interest in obtaining his viewpoint as a whole from his books in connection with the topics in question. So, we observe that those evalutions portray his opinions differently when we investigate them in his related books. In this paper, we argue Birgivi’s viewpoint on Sufism and tariqats through his works and analize some opinions and claims in this regard.

 

Öz

Osmanlı devletinde genellikle uyumlu bir görüntü arz eden tekke-medrese ya da ulema-meşâyih arasındaki ilişkiler çeşitli dönemlerde olumsuz bir havaya bürünmüş ve iki zümre arasında muhtelif dinî konularda fikir ayrılıkları dolayısıyla anlaşmazlıklar ortaya çıkmıştır. Tekke-medrese arasında zaman zaman baş gösteren bu gergin atmosferin XVI. yüzyıldaki en önemli temsilcilerinden biri Mehmed Birgivî’dir (ö. 981/1573). Bu münakaşalarda oldukça sert bir üslubu benimsediği görülen Birgivî’nin bidʽatler ile bâtıniyeci tasavvuf ve tarikatlar hakkındaki yaklaşımı hem geçmişte hem de günümüzde çeşitli yazarlarca eleştiri konusu yapılmış ve bu husustaki bakış açısı ve sergilediği mücadeleyle ilgili lehte ve aleyhte değerlendirmelerde bulunulmuştur. Bu değerlendirmelerin ana temasını onun, temelde dini toplum hayatından ayrı düşündüğü, örf ve adetlere itibar etmediği ve selefi çizginin etkisinde kaldığı yönündeki tenkitler oluşturmaktadır. Ne var ki bu tenkitlerin önemli bir kısmı, Birgivî’nin kitaplarında konuyla ilgili serdettiği yaklaşımlarının bütün halinde incelenmemesinden kaynaklanmakta olup, ya eksik ya da hatalıdır. Bu nedenle, Birgivî’nin çalışmalarında konuyla ilgili dillendirdiği görüşler ayrıntılı olarak ele alındığında  söz konusu yaklaşımlarıyla ilgili kimi tespitlerin gerçekte olduğundan farklı bir portre ortaya çıkardığı görülmektedir. Biz bu makalemizde, eserlerinde serdettiği mülahazalarından yola çıkarak Birgivî’nin tasavvuf ve tarikatlara bakışını ayrıntılı olarak ele alacak ve bu hususla ilgili görüş ve iddiaları inceleyecek, ardından konuyla ilgili tespitlerimizi ortaya koyacağız.
Victor Pelevin's Novel about Vampires as the form of Reflection on Postmodernism
Authors: Bobileva Anastasya L. , Prokhorova Tatyana G. , Bogdanova Olga V.
Published: March 2018

The current stage of culture development is usually defined as post-postmodern. Although this term is not well established and is interpreted differently, in any case it involves the overcoming of postmodernism. In Russian literature we should mention Victor Pelevin among the authors, whose works demonstrate the post-postmodernist tendencies most clearly. The evolution of his prose testifies that the postmodern worldview and the very mechanism of postmodern writing has become the subject of critical reflection in the late works of the writer. The novel by V. Pelevin "Empire V" (2006) is the material of the analysis in the article. The aim of the study is to reveal the nature and the forms of postmodernism reflection manifested in this work. During the analysis the authors established that Pelevin plays with a popular genre of mass culture - a novel about vampires, using it as a kind of metaphorical way to clarify the nature of postmodern literature, which appropriates, absorbs and exploits the forms, ideas and motives earlier developed in culture. Postmodernists, like vampires, borrow information from different sources and use "someone else's blood" for their own purposes. Combining the "languages" of mass and elite cultures, activating the intertextual links, Pelevin eventually pursues antipostomodernist goals: he reveals the totality of the simulativity, proves that mass culture is ready to absorb postmodernism, and turn it into an empty signifier. This can be defined as a kind of cultural reflection, as a form of the self-reflection and writer’s cognition on the state of modern culture.
The Category of Time in English, Russian and French Phraseology
Authors: Makleeva Elena A. , Shangaraeva Liya F. , Sheinina Dina P. , Acar Faruk
Published: March 2018

In the paper we make an attempt to analyze linguistic and cultural descriptions of phraseological units of English, Russian and French reflecting the category of time. In the study of each language about 200 of phraseological units associated with the category of time were taken, which were divided into 5 groups representing different phraseo-semantic concepts. We have carried out a semantic analysis of the data of phraseological units identified by national-cultural peculiarities of expression of time category. The results can be used in the practice of teaching English, Russian and French as foreign languages, in courses on linguistics, and are also taken into account compiling dictionaries.
Employment of University Graduates Across the Post-soviet Space: Problems and Solutions (The Example of Kazakhstan)
Authors: Fursova Valentina Vladimirovna , Shakirova Alla Yuriyevna , Nikitina Tatyana Nikolaevna , Spirchagova Tatyana Anatolevna , Syzdykova Machpal
Published: March 2018

The article analyzes the prospects of work search by the graduates of higher educational institutions across the post-Soviet space using the example of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Currently, the problem of the employment selection strategy among the graduates of the post-Soviet space countries remains as a priority. Graduated experts at the labor market experience a complex of institutional problems: a small number of jobs, bureaucratization, inadequate knowledge for vacant posts, the lack of infrastructure at higher education institutions for the interaction with enterprises. All this leads to the dissatisfaction of specialists with their professional and social status, to the choice of a work place which does not correspond an acquired specialty, or to the use of personal ties of their family to the detriment of their own desires and qualifications, and, consequently, to the reproduction of disproportions in the economy. As a research in the field of economic sociology, the article relies on conflictological and structural-functional paradigms. A questionnaire is used to reveal the research topic. The objectives of the study are the following ones: the problems of graduate employment and the ways of their solution in Kazakhstan. The result of the conducted research showed that the successful adaptation of graduates at the labor market makes it necessary to develop and introduce effective educational programs in the teaching process, including practical-oriented disciplines that give the opportunity to obtain knowledge required by employers. The students of senior courses should study practical courses, preferably on practice bases, they should actively participate in the development and the implementation of specialized projects, grants, in scientific competitions, conferences, which will allow them to develop creative thinking, to understand the content of future profession, to master the basic theoretical and practical material.
Per „Wissensmesse“ zum Forschungsprogramm – Arbeitsphasen und Abstimmungsprozesse zwischen Wissenschaft und Praxis
Authors: Rhodius Regina , Pregernig Michael
Published: March 2018

Der Beitrag beschreibt, wie in frühen Phasen eines transdisziplinären Projekts Wissenschaftler(innen) und Praxisakteure in einem partizipativen Prozess zu einem Forschungsprogramm gelangen können, das sowohl Bedarfe von Praxisakteuren als auch Forschungsbedarfe aufgreift. Dazu wird ein sequentielles Vorgehen vorgestellt, welches in 13 Schritten die Etablierung von Projektstrukturen, die Festlegung von Themenschwerpunkten, die Erarbeitung von Ideen für Teilprojekte, deren Präsentation auf einer so genannten „Wissensmesse“ sowie schließlich die Überarbeitung der Teilprojekte und die Festlegung des Forschungsprogramms beschreibt. Das Vorgehen fokussiert auf die Forschungsziele und-fragen. Es dient dazu, einen kohärenten Rahmen zu erarbeiten, der die Forschung im Reallabor oder einem analogen transdisziplinären Format für einen längeren Zeitraum strukturieren und anleiten soll. Es eignet sich insbesondere für die Integration der Fachöffentlichkeit (z. B. öffentlich-rechtliche Verwaltung, privatwirtschaftliche Unternehmen) sowie der organisierten Öffentlichkeit (z. B. Verbände, Vereine).
Reallabore als Rahmen transformativer und transdisziplinärer Forschung: Ziele und Designprinzipien
Authors: Beecroft Richard , Trenks Helena , Rhodius Regina , Benighaus Christina , Parodi Oliver
Published: March 2018

Der Beitrag beleuchtet die Funktion von Reallaboren als Rahmen für transformative und transdisziplinäre Forschung. Dazu wird zuerst ein Verständnis von Reallaboren vorgelegt, das auf der Reflexion praktischer Erfahrungen von Reallaboren in Baden-Württemberg beruht. Ausgangspunkt hierfür ist ein Verständnis von Reallaboren als Infrastruktur für Realexperimente und andere transdisziplinäre Projekte. Aufbauend auf diesem Verständnis werden die Ziele der Reallaborarbeit in drei Dimensionen, den Forschungs-, Praxis- und Bildungszielen beschrieben. Um einen solchen Rahmen herzustellen und zu pflegen, werden fünf Designprinzipien vorgeschlagen: Problem- und Themenangemessenheit herstellen, räumliche Angemessenheit gestalten, zeitliche Angemessenheit herstellen, angemessene Akteursrollen etablieren sowie experimentell-reflexive Arbeitsweise fördern. Den Abschluss bildet ein Schema aus Zieldimensionen und Designprinzipien, das bei der Ausgestaltung von Reallaboren als Hilfestellung dienen soll, das aber auch als Reflexionsschema verwendet werden kann.
Zentrale Begriffe im Kontext der Reallaborforschung
Authors: Arnold Annika , Piontek Felix M.
Published: March 2018

Dieser Beitrag stellt eine Handreichung zum Verständnis von Begriffen dar, die sich in der Reallaborforschung als besonders wichtig erwiesen haben. Die Begriffe werden jeweils kurz erläutert und kontextualisiert. Eingegangen wird auf die Begriffe transformative Forschung, Transdisziplinarität im Kontext transformativer Forschung, Reallabor und Realexperiment sowie System-, Ziel- und Transformationswissen. Zur Erklärung des Begriffs Realexperiment werden die hauptsächlichen Unterschiede zwischen Realexperimenten und naturwissenschaftlichen Experimenten tabellarisch dargestellt. Thematisiert werden auch die Akteursvielfalt in Reallaboren sowie das für die Reallabore in Baden-Württemberg zentrale normative Ziel der Nachhaltigkeit. Der Beitrag richtet sich daher vor allem an Leserinnen und Leser, die mit der Begrifflichkeit der Reallaborforschung noch nicht vertraut sind.
Saturation model of DIS: an update
Authors: Golec-Biernat Krzysztof , Sapeta Sebastian
Published: March 2018

Abstract

We present the results of new fits to the recently extracted data on F
2 at low x with the GBW saturation model and its modification to cover high values of Q
2. We find that the model stands the test of time and gives a good description of the data with slightly modified parameters. All the essential elements of the model, especially the saturation scale, are retained.
A one-dimensional theory for Higgs branch operators
Authors: Dedushenko Mykola , Pufu Silviu S. , Yacoby Ran
Published: March 2018

Abstract

We use supersymmetric localization to calculate correlation functions of half-BPS local operators in 3d

$$ \mathcal{N}=4 $$

N
=
4

superconformal field theories whose Lagrangian descriptions consist of vectormultiplets coupled to hypermultiplets. The operators we primarily study are certain twisted linear combinations of Higgs branch operators that can be inserted anywhere along a given line. These operators are constructed from the hypermultiplet scalars. They form a one-dimensional non-commutative operator algebra with topological correlation functions. The 2- and 3-point functions of Higgs branch operators in the full 3d

$$ \mathcal{N}=4 $$

N
=
4

theory can be simply inferred from the 1d topological algebra. After conformally mapping the 3d superconformal field theory from flat space to a round three-sphere, we preform supersymmetric localization using a supercharge that does not belong to any 3d

$$ \mathcal{N}=2 $$

N
=
2

subalgebra of the

$$ \mathcal{N}=4 $$

N
=
4

algebra. The result is a simple model that can be used to calculate correlation functions in the 1d topological algebra mentioned above. This model is a 1d Gaussian theory coupled to a matrix model, and it can be viewed as a gauge-fixed version of a topological gauged quantum mechanics. Our results generalize to non-conformal theories on S
3 that contain real mass and Fayet-Iliopolous parameters. We also provide partial results in the 1d topological algebra associated with the Coulomb branch, where we calculate correlation functions of local operators built from the vectormultiplet scalars.
Zweidimensionale Verzahnungen für lagerlose reluktante Rotations-Linear-Motoren
Authors: Schleicher André , Werner Ralf
Published: March 2018

Der lagerlose reluktante Rotations-Linear-Motor ist ein neuartiger Antrieb und ermöglicht unabhängig voneinander sowohl magnetisches Schweben als auch Translation und Rotation eines ferromagnetischen Rotors. Zusammen mit der einfachen und robusten Bauweise in Form eines kompakten Aktuators mit Doppelstator ermöglicht dieser Motor ein großes Spektrum an neuen Einsatzgebieten. Für Translation mit langen Verfahrwegen und eine hohe Ausnutzung der Maschine wird eine spezielle zweidimensionale Verzahnung von Rotor und Stator benötigt. Es wurden verschiedene Verzahnungstypen mit gleicher Nutteilung in Stator und Rotor untersucht, die sich in die zwei Grundtypen Schachbrettverzahnung und Kreuzverzahnung einteilen lassen. Für diese erfolgten eine Analyse und ein Vergleich der erreichbaren Kraftdichten für einen magnetischen Pol der Maschine. Die Schachbrettverzahnung erreicht dabei eine deutlich höhere Tangentialkraftdichte bei nur geringfügig niedrigerer Radialkraftdichte. Im Gegensatz zur Kreuzverzahnung sind jedoch beide Tangentialkräfte verkoppelt. Für die Ermittlung der optimalen Verzahnungsversetzungen und den Nachweis der Steuerbarkeit wurde eine Minimierung einer Zielfunktion, welche die Stromwärmeverluste im ungünstigsten Fall widerspiegelt, durchgeführt. Anhand der jeweils minimalen Zielfunktionswerte konnte gezeigt werden, dass sowohl ein schachbrettverzahnter Motor als auch ein kreuzverzahnter Motor mit sechs Polpaaren steuerbar ist. Die erreichbaren Tangentialkräfte des schachbrettverzahnten Motors liegen deutlich über jenen des kreuzverzahnten Motors, die Radialkräfte sind nur geringfügig niedriger.
Arts engagement outside of school: Links with Year 10 to 12 students’ intrinsic motivation and self-efficacy in responding to art
Authors: Morris Julia E.
Published: March 2018

This study draws on student engagement factors to examine the relationship between students’ non-school-based arts experiences on their intrinsic motivation and self-efficacy to participate in visual arts responding tasks. Visual arts responding in the curriculum includes learning about artists and artworks, decoding art and making critical judgements, and is important in building twenty-first century learning skills such as critical thinking and communication. A total of 266 Year 10 to 12 students from 18 schools in Western Australia (WA) participated in the quantitative research, which explored outside-school arts engagement as well as cognitive and psychological engagement factors in their current year of secondary schooling. The findings showed that while being an art consumer appears to impact on intrinsic motivation and self-efficacy, producing art as a hobby outside of school does not appear to do so. The research raised questions about links between practice and theory, and how to promote students’ engagement in responding.
European Prevention of Alzheimer's Dementia Registry: Recruitment and prescreening approach for a longitudinal cohort and prevention trials
Authors: Vermunt Lisa , Veal Colin D. , ter Meulen Lea , Chrysostomou Charalambos , van der Flier Wiesje , Frisoni Giovanni B. , Guessous Idris , Kivipelto Miia , Marizzoni Moira , Martinez‐Lage Pablo , Molinuevo José Luis , Porteous David , Ritchie Karen , Scheltens Philip , Ousset Pierre‐Jean , Ritchie Craig W. , Luscan Gerald , Brookes Anthony J. , Visser Pieter Jelle
Published: March 2018

Introduction

It is a challenge to find participants for Alzheimer's disease (AD) prevention trials within a short period of time. The European Prevention of Alzheimer's Dementia Registry (EPAD) aims to facilitate recruitment by preselecting subjects from ongoing cohort studies. This article introduces this novel approach.

Methods

A virtual registry, with access to risk factors and biomarkers for AD through minimal data sets of ongoing cohort studies, was set up.

Results

To date, ten cohorts have been included in the EPAD. Around 2500 participants have been selected, using variables associated with the risk for AD. Of these, 15% were already recruited in the EPAD longitudinal cohort study, which serves as a trial readiness cohort.

Discussion

This study demonstrates that a virtual registry can be used for the preselection of participants for AD studies.
A psychosocial assessment and management tool for children and youth in crisis
Authors: Lee Alison , Deevska Mariana , Stillwell Karly , Black Tyler , Meckler Garth , Park David , Eslami Ali , Doan Quynh
Published: March 2018

Objectives

To evaluate the psychometric properties of HEARTSMAP, an emergency psychosocial assessment and management tool, and its impact on patient care and flow measures.

Methods

We conducted the study in two phases: first validating the tool using extracted information from a retrospective cohort, then evaluating implementation on a prospective cohort of youth presenting with mental health complaints to a tertiary Pediatric Emergency Department (PED). In phase 1, six PED clinicians applied HEARTSMAP to extracted narratives and we calculated inter-rater agreement for referral recommendations using Cohen’s Kappa and the sensitivity and specificity for identifying youth requiring psychiatric consultation and hospitalization. In phase 2, PED clinicians prospectively used HEARTSMAP and we assessed the impact of the tool’s implementation on patient-related outcomes and Emergency department (ED) flow measures.

Results

We found substantial agreement (κ=0.7) for cases requiring emergent psychiatric consultation and moderate agreement for cases requiring community urgent and non-urgent follow-up (κ=0.4 each). The sensitivity was 76% (95%CI: 63%, 90%) and specificity was 65% (95%CI: 55%, 71%) using retrospective cases. During pilot implementation, 62 patients received HEARTSMAP assessments: 46 (74%) of HEARTSMAP assessments triggered a recommendation for ED psychiatry assessment, 39 (63%) were evaluated by psychiatry and 13 (21%) were admitted. At follow-up, all patients with HEARTSMAP’s triggered recommendations had accessed community resources. For those hospitalized for further psychiatric care at their index or return visit within 30 days, 100% were initially identified by HEARTSMAP at the index visit as requiring ED psychiatric consultation.

Conclusions

HEARTSMAP has strong reliability, and when applied prospectively is a safe and effective management tool.
Child Protection, Child Deaths, Politics and Policy Making: Numbers as Rhetoric
Authors: Harrison Celine , Harries Maria , Liddiard Mark
Published: March 2018

Child welfare policy making is a highly contested area in public policy. Child abuse scandals prompt critical appraisals of parents, professionals and the child protection system creating a tipping point for reform. One hundred and six transcripts of debates in the West Australian Parliament from August until December 2006 relating to child welfare and child deaths were analysed using qualitative content analysis. The analysis found that statistics about child deaths were conflated with other levels of childhood vulnerability promoting blame, fear, risk and an individual responsibility theme. The key rhetorical strategy was the use of numbers to generate emotion, credibility and authority to frame child maltreatment narrowly as a moral crime. Rhetoric and emotions is about telling causal stories and will remain ubiquitous in social policy making. So, in order to guide policy debate and creation, ground their claims and manage ambiguity and uncertainty, policy makers, researchers and practitioners working with complex social issues will do well to step into this public and political discourse and be strategic in shaping more nuanced alternative frames.
Fractal characteristics of turbulent–non-turbulent interface in supersonic turbulent boundary layers
Authors: Zhuang Yi , Tan Huijun , Huang Hexia , Liu Yazhou , Zhang Yue
Published: March 2018

The turbulent–non-turbulent interface (TNTI) of supersonic turbulent boundary layers is a fundamental but relatively unexplored physics problem. In this study, we present experimental results from fractal analysis on the TNTI of supersonic turbulent boundary layers, and test the applicability of the additive law for these flows. By applying the nanoparticle-tracer planar laser scattering (NPLS) technique in a supersonic wind tunnel, we obtain data covering nearly three decades in scale. The box-counting results indicate that the TNTI of supersonic turbulent boundary layers is a self-similar fractal with a fractal dimension of 2.31. By comparing data sets acquired from two orthogonal planes, we find that the scaling exponent does not depend on direction, consistent with the validity of the additive law for the TNTI of turbulent boundary layers in a scale range with the large-scale limit not exceeding approximately $0.05\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}$.
A conjecture on the Feldman bandit problem
Authors: Nouiehed Maher , Ross Sheldon M.
Published: March 2018

We consider the Bernoulli bandit problem where one of the arms has win probability α and the others β, with the identity of the α arm specified by initial probabilities. With u = max(α, β), v = min(α, β), call an arm with win probability u a good arm. Whereas it is known that the strategy of always playing the arm with the largest probability of being a good arm maximizes the expected number of wins in the first n games for all n, we conjecture that it also stochastically maximizes the number of wins. That is, we conjecture that this strategy maximizes the probability of at least k wins in the first n games for all k, n. The conjecture is proven when k = 1, and k = n, and when there are only two arms and k = n - 1.
Functional limit theorems for the number of busy servers in a G/G/∞ queue
Authors: Iksanov Alexander , Jedidi Wissem , Bouzeffour Fethi
Published: March 2018

We discuss weak convergence of the number of busy servers in a G/G/∞ queue in the J1-topology on the Skorokhod space. We prove two functional limit theorems with random and nonrandom centering, thereby solving two open problems stated in Mikosch and Resnick (2006). A new integral representation for the limit Gaussian process is given.
A Multi-Frequency Study of the Milky Way-Like Spiral Galaxy NGC 6744
Authors: Yew Miranda , Filipović Miroslav D. , Roper Quentin , Collier Jordan D. , Crawford Evan J. , Jarrett Thomas H. , Tothill Nicholas F. H. , O’Brien Andrew N. , Pavlović Marko Z. , Pannuti Thomas G. , Galvin Timothy J. , Kapińska Anna D. , Cluver Michelle E. , Banfield Julie K. , Schlegel Eric M. , Maxted Nigel , Grieve Kevin R.
Published: March 2018

We present a multi-frequency study of the intermediate spiral SAB(r)bc type galaxy NGC 6744, using available data from the Chandra X-Ray telescope, radio continuum data from the Australia Telescope Compact Array and Murchison Widefield Array, and Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer infrared observations. We identify 117 X-ray sources and 280 radio sources. Of these, we find nine sources in common between the X-ray and radio catalogues, one of which is a faint central black hole with a bolometric radio luminosity similar to the Milky Way’s central black hole. We classify 5 objects as supernova remnant (SNR) candidates, 2 objects as likely SNRs, 17 as H ii regions, 1 source as an AGN; the remaining 255 radio sources are categorised as background objects and one X-ray source is classified as a foreground star. We find the star-formation rate (SFR) of NGC 6744 to be in the range 2.8–4.7 M⊙~yr − 1 signifying the galaxy is still actively forming stars. The specific SFR of NGC 6744 is greater than that of late-type spirals such as the Milky Way, but considerably less that that of a typical starburst galaxy.
Maternal fish consumption during pregnancy and smoking behavioural patterns
Authors: Gow Rachel V. , Heron Jon , Hibbeln Joseph R. , Davis John M. , SanGiovanni John Paul
Published: March 2018

n-3 Highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA), are essential components of neuronal membranes and mediate a range of complex bioactive properties including gene expression, myelination, cell-signalling and dopaminergic function. Deficits inn-3 HUFA have been linked to increased risks for addictive disorders, thus we posited that lower fish consumption would be associated with greater risks for perinatal smoking among 9640 mothers enroled in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. We used univariable and multivariable regression models to examine relationships between self-reported prenatal dietary intakes ofn-3 HUFA-rich foods (fish and shellfish) and maternal smoking; outcomes included cessation and the number of cigarettes smoked per d. Both before and during pregnancy, there was consistent evidence (P<0·001) of protective fish intake–smoking associations; relative to mothers reporting no fish consumption, those who reported some fish consumption (<340 g/week) and high fish consumption (340 g+/week) at 32 weeks of gestation showed lower likelihoods of smoking (adjustedPvalues <0·001). Respective OR for these relationships were 0·87 (95% CI 0·77, 0·97) and 0·73 (95% CI 0·61, 0·86). Although the prevalence of smoking diminished, from a high of 31·6% (pre-pregnancy) to a low of 18·7% (second trimester), the magnitude of fish intake–smoking associations remained stable following adjustment for confounders. These observations suggest that greater fish orn-3 HUFA consumption should be evaluated as an intervention to reduce or prevent smoking in randomised clinical trials.
Intellectual, Institutional, and Technological Transitions: Central European History, 2004–2014
Authors: Ledford Kenneth F.
Published: March 2018

Volumes 38 to 47 of Central European History, which appeared from July 2004 to June 2014, represented years of fundamental transition in the life of the journal and of its sponsoring society: then the Conference Group for Central European History, now the Central European History Society. This fundamental transition manifested itself in three forms: institutional formality, both of the journal and of the Conference Group/Society; publishing organization and technology—from the ways in which the editor produced the journal to the ways in which the audience consumed the scholarship it published; and, last but not least, the intellectual focus and content of the history of German-speaking Central Europe that Central European History presented to scholars and students alike. Although the decade presented some unexpected and surprising challenges, all these transitions were already visible in July 2002 when I presented my proposal to become editor of Central European History to the Editor Search Committee, which consisted of Konrad Jarausch, Kees Gispen, and then-editor Kenneth Barkin.
Looking Back on theSonderweg
Authors: Kocka Jürgen
Published: March 2018

Central European Historyhas opened its pages again and again to the controversial debate about the so-called GermanSonderweg. With that in mind, and on the occasion of this important journal's fiftieth anniversary, the following essay presents some very selective and personal thoughts on this topic. Although discussed and promoted much less frequently now than in previous decades, and although there are understandable reasons why it has left the center stage of scholarly debate, the approach to modern German history signified by this problematic concept has not been disproven or become obsolete. But, confronted by severe criticism, it has been—and can be—rethought and revised.
An Appreciation
Authors: Chickering Roger
Published: March 2018

When Thomas Nipperdey died on June 14, 1992, Gerald Feldman wrote the obituary that appeared in Central European History. This document was a fitting symbol of the condition of our journal—both its strengths and weaknesses—as Ken Barkin became its editor. One distinguished historian's eulogy to another found an appropriate place here, for the journal was widely recognized as a leading forum of international exchange, a link between scholarly communities in Germany and North America. The obituary appeared, however, in volume twenty-four of Central European History, which bore the date December 1991. It thus left the impression that Feldman was a man of extraordinary foresight.
Verschweizerung, or: Some Brief Remarks on Sovereignty, Transnationality, and “Sense-Security” in the Middle of Europe
Authors: Geyer Michael
Published: March 2018

Even for readers of Central European History, it is easy to forget that there is more than one country in the middle of Europe and that there is more than one solution to the geopolitical problem associated with the perception of being in the “middle.” That problem is so overwhelmingly claimed by Germany and its interpreters, and it is so weighed down by reflections on the (ab)uses of state power, articulated in the long-running debate on the “primacy of foreign policy,” that it is somewhat jarring to encounter a book with the title In the Middle of Europe—André Holenstein's Mitten in Europa: Verflechtung und Abgrenzung in der Schweizer Geschichte—that is not at all concerned with Germany. It has Switzerland as its subject and Verschweizerung as its substance and subtext. I leave the term untranslated because it means nothing to most of the world and an English translation would surely not capture the partly facetious, partly scandalized, partly admiring undertones that the German conveys: “Die Welt wird entweder untergehen oder verschweizern,” in the words of Friedrich Dürenmatt. Even if not taken in jest, it still sounds better than: “Am deutschen Wesen soll die Welt genesen.” But if horror in the latter case makes sense when looking back at the twentieth century, why is there so much mockery in response to the former?
Sasak, Meno-Mené dialect
Authors: Archangeli Diana , Tanashur Panji , Yip Jonathan
Published: March 2018

Sasak is a Malayo-Sumbawan (Adelaar 2005) language spoken as a primary language in Lombok, Indonesia (see the map in Figure 1). It is estimated to be spoken by 2 million (Clynes 1995) or 2.5 million (Marli 2015) people. Sasak is reported to have four (Jacq 1998) or five (Austin 2003) major dialects, to which Austin (2003) gives informal names based on the pronunciation of the deictic words for ‘like this’ and ‘like that’: Ngenó-Ngené (central northeast, central east, and central west coasts of Lombok), Menó-Mené (central Lombok), Ngotó-Ngeté (northeastern Lombok), Ngenó-Mené, also known as Kutó-Kuté (north Lombok), and Meriaq-Meriku (south central Lombok). The dialects with the broadest geographical distribution are Menó-Mené and Ngenó-Ngené.
On the Progress of Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) Imaging in a Scanning Electron Microscope
Authors: Sun Cheng , Müller Erich , Meffert Matthias , Gerthsen Dagmar
Published: March 2018

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with low-energy electrons has been recognized as an important addition to the family of electron microscopies as it may avoid knock-on damage and increase the contrast of weakly scattering objects. Scanning electron microscopes (SEMs) are well suited for low-energy electron microscopy with maximum electron energies of 30 keV, but they are mainly used for topography imaging of bulk samples. Implementation of a scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) detector and a charge-coupled-device camera for the acquisition of on-axis transmission electron diffraction (TED) patterns, in combination with recent resolution improvements, make SEMs highly interesting for structure analysis of some electron-transparent specimens which are traditionally investigated by TEM. A new aspect is correlative SEM, STEM, and TED imaging from the same specimen region in a SEM which leads to a wealth of information. Simultaneous image acquisition gives information on surface topography, inner structure including crystal defects and qualitative material contrast. Lattice-fringe resolution is obtained in bright-field STEM imaging. The benefits of correlative SEM/STEM/TED imaging in a SEM are exemplified by structure analyses from representative sample classes such as nanoparticulates and bulk materials.
A NILPOTENCY-LIKE CONDITION FOR INFINITE GROUPS
Authors: DE FALCO M. , DE GIOVANNI F. , MUSELLA C. , TRABELSI N.
Published: March 2018

If $k$ is a positive integer, a group $G$ is said to have the $FE_{k}$-property if for each element $g$ of $G$ there exists a normal subgroup of finite index $X(g)$ such that the subgroup $\langle g,x\rangle$ is nilpotent of class at most $k$ for all $x\in X(g)$. Thus, $FE_{1}$-groups are precisely those groups with finite conjugacy classes ($FC$-groups) and the aim of this paper is to extend properties of $FC$-groups to the case of groups with the $FE_{k}$-property for $k>1$. The class of $FE_{k}$-groups contains the relevant subclass $FE_{k}^{\ast }$, consisting of all groups $G$ for which to every element $g$ there corresponds a normal subgroup of finite index $Y(g)$ such that $\langle g,U\rangle$ is nilpotent of class at most $k$, whenever $U$ is a nilpotent subgroup of class at most $k$ of $Y(g)$.
Der Einfluss eines Ultramarathons auf den Bewegungsapparat
Authors: Knechtle Beat , Nikolaidis Pantelis T.
Published: March 2018

Zusammenfassung. In den vergangenen Jahrzehnten hat sich die Zahl der Ultraläufer vervielfacht, und viele Studien haben den Einfluss auf den Bewegungsapparat untersucht. Wir stellen die Erkenntnisse zu Schäden zusammen, die ein Ultramarathon an Gelenken und Muskeln verursachen kann. Die häufigsten Verletzungen bzw. Überlastungsschäden betreffen die untere Extremität, wobei Sprunggelenk und Knie am häufigsten betroffen sind. Bei sehr langen Läufen kommt es zu einer Anpassung mit Verdickung von Sehnen und Knorpel. Ein Ultramarathon kann zu einem ausgeprägten Muskelschaden führen, mit einem Anstieg von myozellulären Metaboliten wie Myoglobin, Laktat-Dehydrogenase und Creatinkinase.
Fieber: Was nun?
Authors: Schilter David , Eschle Daniel
Published: March 2018

Zusammenfassung. Eine 69-jährige Patientin wurde wegen einer wahnhaften Störung mit Neuroleptika behandelt. Sie wurde notfallmässig wegen einer Verschlechterung der Vigilanz in Kombination mit einer erhöhten Körpertemperatur, generalisiertem Rigor und erhöhter Kreatinkinase aus der psychiatrischen Klinik überwiesen. Nach Ausschluss einer Meningitis und anderer Infektionen wurde ein malignes Neuroleptika-Syndrom (MNS) diagnostiziert und mit Amantadin i.v. behandelt. Nach überstandenem MNS persistierte ein invalidisierender Rigor an den Beinen.