bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Natural course of untreated spinal cord cavernous malformations: a follow-up study within the initial 5 years after diagnosis
Authors: Santos Alejandro N. , Rauschenbach Laurèl , Darkwah Oppong Marvin , Gembruch Oliver , Saban Dino , Chen Bixia , Herten Annika , Schmidt Börge , Li Yan , Özkan Neriman , Jabbarli Ramazan , Wrede Karsten , Sure Ulrich , Dammann Philipp
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE

Cavernous spinal cord malformations (SCMs) are believed to have a high rate of bleeding. The risk of intramedullary hemorrhage (IMH) or recurrent IMH and the neurological impact of bleeding events are important for clinical decision-making and could impact current treatment strategies.

METHODS

The authors screened their institutional database for patients with cavernous SCM treated between 2003 and 2020. Patients with complete MRI data sets and clinical baseline characteristics were included. Surgically treated patients were censored after cavernous SCM removal. Neurological functional status was obtained using the modified McCormick (MMcC) scale at diagnosis, first IMH, and second IMH. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were performed to determine the cumulative 5-year risk for hemorrhage or rehemorrhage.

RESULTS

Seventy-one patients with cavernous SCM were analyzed. Cox regression analysis identified previous IMH (hazard ratio 7.86, 95% confidence interval 1.01–61.47, p = 0.049) as an independent predictor for rehemorrhage during the 5-year follow-up. The cumulative 5-year risk of bleeding or rebleeding was 41.3% for cavernous SCM. The MMcC score significantly deteriorated in 75% of patients after recurrent hemorrhage (p = 0.012).

CONCLUSIONS

During untreated 5-year follow-up, a considerably increased risk for hemorrhage or rehemorrhage was found in cavernous malformations of the spinal cord compared to cerebral cavernous malformations. Neurological function significantly deteriorates after the second bleeding. The probability of recurrent IMH increased significantly after initial presentation with hemorrhage.
REDUCING THE CONCENTRATION OF EMITTED POLLUTANTS SUBSTANCES DURING PIG BREEDING WASTE DECOMPOSITION
Authors:   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Lyashkov M. A. , Ariskina Yu. Yu. ,   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems
Published: December 2021

Purpose: to determine the concentration of emitted pollutants in livestock complexes by studying livestock effluents and determining the possibility of their reduction. Materials and Methods. The studies of the pollutant emissions were carried out for two substances – methylmer-captan and hydrogen sulfide. To determine the possibility of reducing the concentration of emitted pollutants, urea, wood ash and activated carbon were used, as the most available. Sampling of emitted substances into the atmospheric air was carried out according to the methodology presented in GOST R 52716-2007. Results. When mixing the initial solution of livestock wastewater and a solution of urea in a 10% solution, the great-est fluctuations of methyl mercaptan occurred with the addition of 50 ml of urea (substance content 0.25–10 mg/dm³), and hydrogen sulfide – with the addition of 10 ml of urea (sub-stance content 2.5–3.5 mg/dm³). Conclusions: laboratory studies have shown that urea is able to reduce the concentration of pollutants in the air (this allows it to be used as a deodorizing agent), wood ash and activated carbon turned out to be ineffective and inappropriate to use to reduce the concentration of pollutants.
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF USING ANIMAL WASTE AS FERTILIZER: ANALYSIS OF THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK
Authors:   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Im-provement Problems, Komarova E. V. , Slabunova A. V. ,   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Im-provement Problems
Published: December 2021

Purpose: to analyze the current legal framework of the animal waste management. Discussion. According to the legislation of the Russian Federation, livestock wastes, manure and droppings, etc. refer to production and consumption waste, respectively, and require the implementation of mandatory measures to comply with the requirements of legislation for environmental protection. However, livestock wastes can serve as raw materials for the production of organic fertilizers, which also requires compliance with legal requirements. According to the requirements of sanitary norms and rules, the process of neutralizing livestock wastewater must be 12 months in special manure storages, which, in turn, leads to the environmental pollution, and contradicts the requirements of legislation in the field of waste management (the waste accumulation is limited to a period of no more than 11 months), which leads to administrative responsibility. Of the currently available promising technologies for the livestock wastewater treatment is cavitation treatment, which allows disinfection of livestock wastewater and use it as fertilizer on agricultural land. Conclusions. According to the Russian legislation, livestock wastes can be both waste and products (fertilizers), and all activities with them must comply with legal requirements. The use of environmentally friendly technology – cavitation treatment of livestock wastewater and the production of organic and organic-mineral fertilizers on its basis, clearly shows the advantages of cavitation over traditional methods of purification and disinfection, both in environmental and economic aspects. But the existing legal framework in Russia prevents the active introduction of innovative cavitation technology and the effective use of manure and dung to increase soil fertility.
Peculiarities of Voice, Intonation and Speech Tone of the Actor in the Role
Authors: Barnych Mykhailo , Matiiv Ihor , Venher Olena
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article is to study the peculiarities of the voice work during the role of the actor by studying the main aspects of the speech act implementation, the work of the registers and the speech apparatus; to carry out a comparative analysis of different types of the actor’s existence in the role and reading of the literary text. The research methodology is based on the main principles of the actor’s speech tools, the definition and comparison of different methods of voice, support, breathing, and the use of basic actor’s techniques in the process of reading a literary text by separating and embodying them during the actor’s speech act. The scientific novelty of the research is to study the main aspects of existence during artistic reading and the use of non-standard for acting voice techniques, interpreting them for use during the role. Identification of new approaches to the implementation of speech, the creative act and the latest ways to express the psycho-emotional state of the character through the use of unusual principles of the speech apparatus in ordinary life situations. Conclusions. The results of studies identify the basic principles of the human speech apparatus and the problems of voice control during the arousal of the psycho-emotional condition of the actor in the role, problems and errors in various methods and scientific works of masters in the field of stage language. Through experiments and interpretations of various approaches to working with voice, new, universal methods of speech control have been borrowed, borrowed by studying the process of reading a literary text by actors and applying these principles to the role.
Innovative Way of Cinema Development
Authors: Sharolapova Nina , Danyliuk Volodymyr , Krasnenko Oleksii
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the research is to identify the characteristics of modern cinema, to analyze the factors of cinema language formation and to reveal new possibilities for displaying reality in screen art. The research methodology consists in the application of the following methods: theoretical is a review of the history of the screen arts development, analysis of art direction works and modern screen artworks (films, TV series, web series), generalization of modern technologies influence on the perception of the world and human socialization. Scientific novelty. For the first, time new possibilities of displaying reality on the screen, which change the artistic development of culture, are analyzed, a new approach to the perception of modern technologies, their influence on consciousness and development trends in screen art is implemented. Conclusions. The development of screen arts and factors of the formation of the cinema language has been analyzed. With the help of the analysis of art direction's works and works of screen art, the characteristics of modern cinema have been identified and new opportunities have been revealed. The influence of modern technologies on the perception of the world and human socialization has been generalized.
Use of Motion Design Elements in Modern Ukrainian Film and Television Production
Authors: Medvedieva Alla , Burdiuh Iryna
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the research is to establish the role of motion design elements in Ukrainian cinema and television production, analyze the functions of motion-design objects, find out the prcularities of their use in various audiovisual works. The research methodology is based on a theoretical analysis of film and television production, generalization of the main compositional and technical techniques of visual content, determination of their interdependence and role in the process of creating an audiovisual product. Scientific novelty. The components of the motion design in the modern Ukrainian cinema and television production have been analyzed for the first time, a detailed analysis of the interdependence of the structural components of the motion design in various audiovisual works has been carried out, their influence on shaped solutions of film and television products has been shown. Conclusions. In the course of the article, we analyzed the elements of motion design in Ukrainian cinema and television. In the process of studying cinema, television products, the basic principles of creating animation graphics in the Ukrainian film, and telepost have been established. Composite and technical components of motion-design, which affect visual solutions of an audiovisual work have been processed in detail and systematized.
Erotica in Photography Through the Ages
Authors: Kukorenchuk Volodymyr , Bondar Valeriia
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article is to analyze the components of erotic photography, establish the role of photography in defining a person’s worldview, prove the importance of erotic photography in the self-expression of new generations of photographers. The research methodology is based on an integrated scientific approach and theoretical analysis of the erotic genre masters’ works, information sources; generalization of the influence of erotic photography on the worldview in photography; defining the historical aspects that shape the worldview of eroticism. Scientific novelty. The components of erotic photography are analysed, a detailed analysis of the historical aspects in the formation of the worldview of erotic is made, by theoretical analysing the erotic photography masters’ works, the role of photography in the self-expression of new generations is determined. Conclusions. In the article, we analysed the components of erotic photography. Through the detailed analyses of erotic photographs, the role of photography in determining a person’s worldview has been established. The factors that influence the self-expression of new generations have been summarized.
Photo Art Project ‘Female Multi-Component Associative Image ‘Fern Blossom’. Part 1
Authors: Zaspa Iryna , Bezruchko Oleksandr
Published: December 2021

The author’s idea. What the phenomenon of ‘Fern blossom’ is, whereas according to scientific data, the fern does not bloom and does not form inflorescences. Fern flower in the East Slavic mythology has the character of a magical plant that gives a person magical power. With the help of the fern flower, the owner of it could understand the language of animals and trees, see hidden precious treasures under the ground, heal people from various diseases, predict the future and more. It is believed that the fern blossom can be found only on Ivan Kupala night. This holiday is traditional in Ukraine and is named after the Christian Saint John the Baptist, but originates in the distant past from the pagan faith.
Study Guide Review ‘Technology of Film and Video Registration Processes’ by N. Honcharenko, O. Priadko
Authors: Rozorinov Heorhii
Published: December 2021

The textbook "Technology of film and video recording processes" by M. M. Honcharenko, O. M. Priadko is aimed at students of higher education, speciality 021 "Audiovisual Art and Production". Taking into account the specifics of training in this area, the information about modern technologies of film and video recording processes, obtaining colour images in analogue and digital technologies, equipment Digital Intermediate film production technologies, equipment for digital technologies is presented quite thoroughly.
STEM and Critical Thinking: Alternative Learning Collaboration between Teachers and Parents in The New Normal Era
Authors:   Universitas Mataram, Nurmawanti Iva , Darmiany Darmiany ,   Universitas Mataram, Nurwahidah Nurwahidah ,   Universitas Mataram, Kusuma Anindita SHM ,   Universitas Mataram
Published: December 2021

The ability to think critically must still be a focus on learning, especially in the era of the new normal. STEM at learning that focuses on the activity and the ability to think of students who integrate science, technology, engineering, and mathematics is one of the alternative learning in the era of the New Normal. Collaboration between teachers and parents in the implementation of learning with STEM integration is needed. It is caused, distance learning that is applied in the era of the New Normal implications at the time of learning of students is a lot at home. The results of this study indicated that STEM learning with collaboration between teachers and parents is suitable to be used as an alternative for learning in the new normal era, focus on students' critical thinking skills.
Implications for Efficacy and Safety of Total Dose and Dose-Intensity of Neoadjuvant Gemcitabine-Cisplatin in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: Three-Week Versus Four-Week Regimen
Authors: Holmsten Karin , Omland Lise Høj , Als Anne Birgitte , Agerbæk Mads , Dohn Line Hammer , Lindberg Henriette , Jensen Niels Viggo , Carus Andreas , Moe Mette , Hosseini Abolfazl , Radkiewicz Cecilia , Pappot Helle , Ullén Anders
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND:

Neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy is standard care prior to radical cystectomy in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).

OBJECTIVE:

To assess efficacy and safety of two commonly used neoadjuvant schedules with different total doses and dose-intensities of gemcitabine and cisplatin (GC).

METHODS:

Data were collected retrospectively from all patients treated between 2010 and 2018 with neoadjuvant chemotherapy according to clinical routine at seven centres in Sweden and Denmark. Patients in Sweden received three cycles of a 4-week schedule (GC-4w: cisplatin 70 mg/m2 day 1, gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 days 1, 8, 15, q 28 days) and in Denmark four cycles of a 3-week schedule (GC-3w: cisplatin 70 mg/m2 day 1, gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 days 1, 8, q 21 days). Primary endpoint was pathological response at cystectomy (pT0N0 and < pT2N0).

RESULTS:

A total of 251 patients were treated with GC-4w and 455 with GC-3w. pT0N0 was significantly higher for patients treated with GC-3w compared to GC-4w, 46% versus 32% (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.80; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16–2.80; P = 0.009); and for < pT2N0 60% versus 47% (aOR 1.08; 95% CI 0.70–1.66; P = 0.743). There were no significant differences between GC-4w and GC-3w regarding survival parameters. GC-3w patients discontinued treatment more frequently and showed a higher degree of neutropenia.

CONCLUSIONS:

A significantly higher complete response-rate was observed in the patient group treated with the more cisplatin-dose-intense 3-week schedule. The side-effect profile was in favor of the 4-week approach while relapse-free and overall survival were similar.
Modified prolotherapy by 5% dextrose: Two years experiences of a traditional and complementary medicine practice center in Turkey
Authors: Solmaz Ilker , Orscelik Aydan , Koroglu Ozlem
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: Prolotherapy (PrT) is an increasingly popular regenerative injection treatment for the management of musculoskeletal injuries. The diagnostic injection is a method for selecting suitable patients to apply PrT using subcutaneous 5% dextrose solution. OBJECTIVE: The study aims to assess the PrT usage and modifications in the treatment of chronic low back pain and lumbar disc herniation and to define diagnostic injection procedure for PrT. METHOD: Two thousand three hundred and eighty-two patients with low back pain or lumbar disc herniation were evaluated at the Traditional and Complementary Medicine Practice Center in Ankara, Turkey. Six hundred fifty-four patients were included in the study. Diagnostic injections were performed on all patients who were thought to be eligible candidates for PrT indications. A 4-or-6 week interval was allowed between treatment sessions. RESULTS: Xix hundred and fifty-four patient treatments were completed. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores decreased to 5.1 ± 1.4 while 7.2 ± 1.1 before the diagnostic injection (p< 000.1). The VAS scores decreased from 7.2 ± 1.1 before the treatment to 0.9 ± 0.9 after 52 weeks of the treatment (p< 000.1). Thirty-four patients’ treatments resulted in poor clinical results (5.2%), and 620 of the patients’ pain improved (94.8%). CONCLUSION: PrT can be regarded as a safe way of providing a meaningful improvement in pain and musculoskeletal function compared to the initial status. Diagnostic injection is an easy way to eliminate patients and may become a favorite treatment modality. 5% dextrose is a more simple and painless solution for PrT and also has a high success.
Amyloid Positive Hydrocephalus: A Hydrocephalic Variant of Alzheimer’s Disease?
Authors: Jang Hyemin , Park Yu-hyun , Choe Young Sim , Kang Sung Hoon , Kang Eun-Sook , Lee Seunghoon , Seo Sang Won , Kim Hee Jin , Na Duk L.
Published: December 2021

Background:

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) commonly coexist.

Objective:

We aimed to characterize an overlapping syndrome of AD and NPH that presents with gait disturbance, ventriculomegaly on magnetic resonance imaging, and significant amyloid deposition on positron emission tomography (PET).

Methods:

Of 114 patients who underwent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage for a possible diagnosis of NPH between 2015 and 2020 in Samsung Medical Center, we identified 24 patients (21.1%) with the NPH patients with amyloid deposition on PET, which we referred to as hydrocephalic AD in this study. We compared their clinical and imaging findings with those of 123 typical AD without hydrocephalic signs/symptoms. We also investigated the frequency and potential predictors of the tap test response in hydrocephalic AD.

Results:

Evans’ index was 0.36±0.03, and a disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid space was present in 54.2% of the hydrocephalic AD patients. The mean age (75.2±7.3 years) and the APOE4 frequency (68.2%) did not differ from those of AD controls. However, the hydrocephalic AD patients showed better memory and language performance, and a thinner cingulate cortex. About 42% of the hydrocephalic AD patients responded to the tap test, of whom seven underwent shunt surgery. Cognition did not improve, whereas gait improved after shunt surgery in all.

Conclusion:

Hydrocephalic AD has different neuropsychological and imaging characteristics from typical AD. Future studies are warranted to further investigate the effect of CSF removal on their clinical course and to elucidate the pathophysiological interaction between amyloid and NPH.
Associations Between Midlife Functional Limitations and Self-Reported Health and Cognitive Status: Results from the 1998–2016 Health and Retirement Study
Authors: Wu Benson , Toseef Mohammad Usama , Stickel Ariana M. , González Hector M. , Tarraf Wassim
Published: December 2021

Background:

Life-course approaches to identify and help improve modifiable risk factors, particularly in midlife, may mitigate cognitive aging.

Objective:

We examined how midlife self-rated physical functioning and health may predict cognitive health in older age.

Methods:

We used data from the Health and Retirement Study (1998–2016; unweighted- N = 4,685). We used survey multinomial logistic regression and latent growth curve models to examine how midlife (age 50–64 years) activities of daily living (ADL), physical function, and self-reported health affect cognitive trajectories and cognitive impairment not dementia (CIND) and dementia status 18 years later. Then, we tested for sex and racial/ethnic modifications.

Results:

After covariates-adjustment, worse instrumental ADL (IADL) functioning, mobility, and self-reported health were associated with both CIND and dementia. Hispanics were more likely to meet criteria for dementia than non-Hispanic Whites given increasing IADL impairment.

Conclusion:

Midlife health, activities limitations, and difficulties with mobility are predictive of dementia in later life. Hispanics may be more susceptible to dementia in the presence of midlife IADLs. Assessing midlife physical function and general health with brief questionnaires may be useful for predicting cognitive impairment and dementia in later life.
Prevalence, Incidence, and Progression of Cognitive Impairment, No Dementia Among Rural-Dwelling Chinese Older Adults
Authors: Ren Yifei , Dong Yi , Hou Tingting , Han Xiaolei , Liu Rui , Wang Yongxiang , Xu Shan , Wang Xiang , Monastero Roberto , Cong Lin , Du Yifeng , Qiu Chengxuan
Published: December 2021

Background:

Few studies have examined occurrence and progression of cognitive impairment, no dementia (CIND) in rural China.

Objective:

To determine the prevalence and incidence of CIND in rural-dwelling Chinese older adults, and to examine risk and protective factors associated with progression to CIND and dementia.

Methods:

This population-based study included 2,781 dementia-free participants (age≥65 years) who were examined at baseline (2014) and followed in 2018. Demographic, epidemiological, clinical, and neuropsychological data were collected following a structured questionnaire. We defined CIND according to subjective cognitive complaints and the age- and education-specific Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score. Data were analyzed with the multinomial logistic regression models.

Results:

The overall prevalence of CIND was 10.54% and the incidence was 28.26 per 1,000 person-years. CIND at baseline was associated with the multi-adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 2.06 (95% confidence interval = 1.23–3.47) for incident dementia. Multinomial logistic regression analysis suggested that compared with no CIND, the multi-adjusted OR of incident CIND was 2.21 (1.51–3.23) for women and 0.62 (0.38–0.99) for high social support, whereas the multi-adjusted OR of incident dementia was 1.14 (1.09–1.18) for older age, 0.29 (0.16–0.53) for high education, and 2.91 (1.47–5.74) for having a stroke history.

Conclusion:

CIND affects over one-tenth of older adults living in rural communities of western Shandong province. People with CIND are twice as likely to progress to dementia as people without CIND. Female sex, low education, stroke history, and low social support are associated with an increased risk of progression from normal cognition to CIND or dementia.
Neural network-based optimization model for sprint data collection
Authors: Luo Guangfei
Published: December 2021

Sprint data has the characteristics of quality and continuity, but due to the limitations of optimization algorithm, the existing sprint data acquisition optimization model has the problem of low optimization performance parameters. Therefore, a data acquisition control optimization model based on neural network is proposed. This paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of neural network algorithm, combined with the sprint data collection optimization requirements, introduces BP neural network algorithm, based on this, uses multiple sensors, based on baud interval balance control to collect sprint data, applies BP neural network algorithm to compress, integrate and classify sprint data, realizes the sprint data collection and optimization. The experimental results show that the optimization performance parameters of the model are large, which fully shows that the model has good data acquisition optimization performance.
Recaptured images detection algorithm based on frequency domain transformation1
Authors: Liu Chang-M. , Sun Yan-J. , Shi Yu
Published: December 2021

With the raising popularity of digital devices in the current society, the present image detection system is becoming a great threaten. Especially the appearance of the recaptured images. It can be used in traditional invalid digital image detection algorithm. There is a new algorithm in this paper is presented to detect the recaptured and real image. The algorithm obtains low-frequency images, directional filtering images and high-frequency images by multiple application frequency domain filtering. Then the proposed algorithm analyzes the directional filtering images and high-frequency images by means of LBP algorithm to extract features. At last, the recaptured images were classified by the SVM. The experimental results demonstrated the algorithm in this paper could be effectively identify in the recaptured images.
Modeling a multi-layered blockchain framework for digital services that governments can implement
Authors: Rebollar Fernando , Aldeco-Perez Rocio , Ramos Marco A.
Published: December 2021

The general population increasingly uses digital services, meaning services which are delivered over the internet or an electronic network, and events such as pandemics have accelerated the need of using new digital services. Governments have also increased their number of digital services, however, these digital services still lack of sufficient information security, particularly integrity. Blockchain uses cryptographic techniques that allow decentralization and increase the integrity of the information it handles, but it still has disadvantages in terms of efficiency, making it incapable of implementing some digital services where a high rate of transactions are required. In order to increase its efficient, a multi-layer proposal based on blockchain is presented. It has four layers, where each layer specializes in a different type of information and uses properties of public blockchain and private blockchain. An statistical analysis is performed and the proposal is modeled showing that it maintains and even increases the integrity of the information while preserving the efficiency of transactions. Besides, the proposal can be flexible and adapt to different types of digital services. It also considers that voluntary nodes participate in the decentralization of information making it more secure, verifiable, transparent and reliable.
Classification and enhancement of invasive ductal carcinoma samples using convolutional neural networks
Authors: Sierra-Enriquez Edgar E. , Valdez-Rodríguez José E. , Felipe-Riveró Edgardo M. , Calvo Hiram
Published: December 2021

In the medical area, the detection of invasive ductal carcinoma is the most common sub-type of all breast cancers; about 80% of all breast cancers are invasive ductal carcinomas. Detection of this type of cancer shows a great challenge for specialist doctors since the digital images of the sample must be analyzed by sections because the spatial dimensions of this kind of image are above 50k × 50k pixels; doing this operation manually takes long time to determine if the patient suffers this type of cancer. Time is essential for the patient because this cancer can invade quickly other parts of the body. Its name reaffirms this characteristic, with the term "invasive" forming part of its name. With the purpose of solving this task, we propose an automatic methodology consisting in improving the performance of a convolutional neural network that classifies images containing invasive ductal carcinoma cells by highlighting cancer cells using several preprocessing methods such as histogram stretching and contrast enhancement. In this way, characteristics of the sub-images are extracted from the panoramic sample and it is possible to learn to classify them in a better way.
A Microlearning path recommendation approach based on ant colony optimization
Authors: Rodriguez-Medina Alma Eloisa , Dominguez-Isidro Saul , Ramirez-Martinell Alberto
Published: December 2021

This paper presents the technical proposal of a novel approach based on Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) to recommend personalized microlearning paths considering the learning needs of the learner. In this study, the information of the learner was considered from a disciplinary ICT perspective, since the characteristics of our learner correspond to those of a professor with variable characteristics, such as the level of knowledge and their learning status. The recommendation problem is approached as an instance of the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP), the educational pills represent the cities, the paths are the relationships between educational pills, the cost of going from one pill to another can be estimated by their degree of difficulty as well as the performance of the learner during the individual test. The results prove the approach proposal capacity to suggest microlearning path personalized recommendation according to the different levels of knowledge of the learners. The higher the number of learners, the behavior of the algorithm benefits in terms of stability.
Some evidences and applications of the randomized response crossed model in a survey of sensitive population behaviors
Authors: Pelle Elvira , Perri Pier Francesco
Published: December 2021

Surveying human behaviors, especially in demographic, social, medical and public health research, often involves sensitive issues. Posing direct inquiries about stigmatizing or threatening topics may lead survey participants to refuse to answer or to give untruthful responses. Nonresponse and misreporting denote measurement errors that are difficult to treat and are likely to yield unreliable analyses of the surveyed topics. This problem can be mitigated by adopting survey methods that enhance anonymity and respondent cooperation. One possibility is to create a trustful and confidential relationship between the interviewer and the survey participants. Alternatively, it is possible to fully protect privacy by adopting indirect questioning procedures that elicit information without posing sensitive questions directly. We consider both above-mentioned possibilities showing the results of a real study which explores the effectiveness of the randomized response crossed model proposed by Lee et al. (2013) to produce prevalence estimates for two sensitive traits, cannabis use and its legalization.
Logistic and multinomial-logit models: A brief review on their modifications and extensions
Authors: Lipovetsky Stan
Published: December 2021

The work presents various techniques of the logistic and multinomial-logit modeling with their modifications. These methods are useful for regression modeling with a binary or categorical outcome, structuring in regression and clustering, singular value decomposition and principal component analysis with positive loadings, and numerous other applications. Particularly, these models are employed in the discrete choice modeling and the best-worst scaling known in applied psychology and socio-economics studies.
Geometrical shapes effects of optical cavity on entanglement dynamics of optomechanical systems: A numerical analysis
Authors: Gavahi Mehrad , Li Hong Rong
Published: December 2021

In this work, a model of optomechanical system was investigated by analyzing the entanglement dynamics of two related mechanical oscillators in a modified system. Geometrical shapes effects of optical cavities on entanglement of a representative optomechanical system were investigated by means of performing numerical analysis. It was signified that the steady-state or the dynamic behavior of optomechanical engagement could be created owing to the strength of mechanical pairs, which are strong towards the oscillating temperature. In addition, the mentioned entanglement dynamics were seen to be entirely related to the natural state’s stability. Furthermore, rendering the mechanical damping effects, the critical mechanical coupling strength-related analytical expression, where the transition from a steady state to a dynamic clamp occurs, was reported. In the studied system, two identical mechanical oscillators were formed in different conditions of the optical cavities shapes.
Therapeutic effects of synbiotic on neonates with gestational age over 34 weeks admitted for jaundice
Authors: Nouri S.A.H. , Mohammadi M.H. , Moghaddam Y.N. , Rad A.H. , Zarkesh M.
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: Hyperbilirubinemia is a common problem in neonates. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of synbiotic in addition to routine phototherapy on the treatment of neonatal jaundice. METHOD: This double-blind clinical trial, was performed on 194, 3–14 days old neonates. Neonates were divided into intervention and placebo groups. The intervention group received 5 drops of oral synbiotic daily along with phototherapy and the placebo group underwent phototherapy plus a placebo. Gestational age, age, weight, sex, initial and daily bilirubin level, frequency of defecation, mode of delivery, and length of hospitalization were assessed. RESULTS: The rate of bilirubin reduction on the first day of admission was significantly higher in the intervention group (2.9±1.81 vs. 2.06±1.93, p = 0.002). The mean level of bilirubin on the second (9.8±1.92 vs. 10.88±2.26) and third days (8.06±1.54 vs. 9.86±1.7) was lower in the intervention group (p = 0.001). The proportion of discharged patients in the third and fourth days was higher in the intervention group compared to the control (65% vs. 41%, 99% vs. 86.5%, respectively, p = 0.001). However, the duration of hospitalization was shorter in the intervention group compared to the control (2.36±0.5 vs. 2.74±0.74, p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Based on our results, daily treatment with 5 drops of synbiotic along with phototherapy can be a safe and effective modality in faster bilirubin reduction, decreasing the hospitalization period and phototherapy. Therefore, it seems that it can be used as an adjunct therapy for neonates with jaundice.
Automatic extraction of land cover statistics from satellite imagery by deep learning1
Authors: Bernasconi Eleonora , De Fausti Fabrizio , Pugliese Francesco , Scannapieco Monica , Zardetto Diego
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we address the challenge of producing fully automated land cover estimates from satellite imagery through Deep Learning algorithms. We developed our system according to a tile-based, classify-and-count design. To implement the classification engine of the system, we adopted a cutting-edge Convolutional Neural Network model named Inception-V3, which we customized and trained for scene classification on the EuroSAT dataset. We tested and validated our system on two Sentinel-2 images representing quite different Italian territories (with an area of 751 km2 and 443 km2, respectively). Because no genuine ground-truth is available for the land cover of these sub-regional territories, we built a pseudo ground-truth by integrating land cover information from flagship European projects CORINE and LUCAS. A critical and careful analysis shows that our automatic land cover estimates are in good agreement with the pseudo ground-truth and offers extensive evidence of the remarkable segmentation ability of our system. The limits of our approach are also critically discussed in the paper and possible countermeasures are illustrated. When compared with traditional projects like CORINE and LUCAS, our automatic land cover estimation system exhibits three fundamental advantages: it can dramatically reduce production costs; it can allow delivering very timely and frequent land cover statistics; it can enable land cover estimation for very small territorial areas, well beyond the NUTS-2 level. As an additional outcome of land cover estimation, our system also automatically generates moderate resolution land cover maps that might be used in cartography projects as an agile first-level tool for map update or change detection purposes.
PEMANFAATAN ARANG BONGGOL JAGUNG SEBAGAI ADSORBEN MINYAK BEKAS GORENGAN (JELANTAH) (EKSPERIMEN)
Authors: Juherah Juherah , Kasim Khiki Purnawati , Isnaniah Inna
Published: December 2021

Minyak jelantah adalah limbah minyak goreng yang penggunaannya berkali-kali sehingga kandungam asam lemak bebasnya menjadi tinggi. Jika digunakan akan membahayakan kesehatan dan jika dibuang ke lingkungan akan mengganggu lingkungan. Bonggol jagung memiliki kandungan selulosa dan hemiselulosa yang tinggi yang dapat digunakan sebagai arang aktif untuk mengadsorbsi minyak jelantah.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan adsorbsi arang bonggol jagung terhadapa minyak jelantah dalam menurunkan kadar asam lemak bebas. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimen semu (Quasi eksperimen). Sampel dalam penelitian ini minyak jelantah sebanyak 180 ml yang dipaparkan terhadap 3 variasi massa arang bonggol jagung yaitu 20 gr, 25 gr dan 30 gr dengan pengulangan sebanyak 3 kali selama 12 jam.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada massa 20 gr kadar asam lemak bebas mengalami penurunan rata-rata sebanyak 0,43%. Pada massa 25 gr penurunan rata-rata sebanyak 44%. Dan pada massa 30 gr penurunan rata-rata kadar asam lemak bebas 0,50 %.Dapat disimimpulkan dari ketiga variasi massa yang digunakan, massa yang paling efektif dalam menurunkan kadar asam lemak bebas pada minyak jelantah adalah massa 20 gr dengan rata-rata penurunan 0,43%. Ini menunjukkan bahwa hasil pemurnian asam lemak bebas minyak jelantah mendekati asam lemak bebas mutu minyak goreng yang ditetapkan SNI 01-3741-2002 yaitu sebasar 0,30%. Disarankan untuk penelitian selanjutnya, agar menyesuaikan massa arang aktif dengan jumlah volume sampel minyak jelantah supaya arang aktif tidak mengalami kejenuhan.Kata kunci : Arang bonggol jagung, minyak jelantah, dan kadar asam lemak bebas (FFA)
KEMAMPUAN TIRAM (CRASSOSTREA SP) DALAM MENYERAP BAHAN ORGANIK TERSUSPENSI PADA AIR LIMBAH DOMESTIK (STUDI EKSPERIMEN)
Authors: Triana Relita , Rivai Abdur , Rostina Rostina
Published: December 2021

Limbah adalah sesuatu yang tidak berguna, tidak memiliki nilai ekonomi dan akan dibuang, apabila masih dapat digunakan maka tidak disebut limbah. Masalah air limbah di Indonesia saat ini masih menjadi masalah yang serius. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk uji coba kemampuan Tiram (Crassostrea sp) dalam menurunkan bahan organik tersuspensi pada air limbah domestik dengan metode penelitian eksperimen laboratorium, yaitu bentuk penelitian yang dilakukan dengan replikasi tiga kali dengan variasi jumlah Tiram (10 Tiram, 20 Tiram, 30 Tiram) dalam kurun waktu 24 jam dalam menyerap bahan organik tersuspensi (TSS) pada air limbah domestik. Hasil Penelitian diperoleh rata-rata persentasi penurunan bahan organik tersuspensi (TSS) pada air limbah domestik dengan jumlah 10 Tiram 66,67 %, 20 Tiram 72,5 %, 30 Tiram 85,84 % nilai ini tergolong sangat baik. Untuk hasil uji penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa penggunaan Tiram sebagai media penyerap mampu dan berfungsi dengan baik. Adapun pada penelitian ini yaitu media Tiram mampu menurunkan bahan organik tersuspensi (TSS) pada air limbah domestik dan memenuhi syarat baku mutu air limbah domestik. Di harapkan bagi masyarakat dapat menerapkan pengelolaan pada air limbah domestik dan bagi peneliti selanjutnya dapat menggunakan jenis Tiram yang lain dengan variasi ketebalan media yang akan digunakan. Kata Kunci : Air Limbah Domestik, TSS , Tiram (Crassostrea sp)
PEMETAAN KASUS DBD BERDASARKAN KONDISI LINGKUNGAN DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS PRAMBON NGANJUK
Authors: Haidah Nur , Handini Riris
Published: December 2021

Berdasarkan data dari Puskesmas Prambon (2017), Penderita DBD, DD dan DSS di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Prambon sebesar 20 orang, dengan ABJ sebesar 84,15%. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menggambarkan persebaran titik kasus DBD serta pemetaan lingkungan fisik, biologi dan sosial pada area radius 100 m dari titik kasus DBD di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Prambon Kabupaten Nganjuk.Penelitian ini berdasarkan sifatnya termasuk pada penelitian deskriptif sederhana. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi rumah warga yang berada di radius 100 m dari titik kasus DBD. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 238 rumah yang tersebar pada 11 titik kasus DBD di 7 desa di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Prambon Kab. Nganjuk. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya dianalisis dalam bentuk peta dan diskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemetaan lingkungan fisik berdasarkan kasus DBD yang terdiri dari perilaku tidak menguras ditemukan pada 131 rumah (55,04%) sedangkan masyarakat yang tidak memiliki penutup kontainer yaitu 221 rumah (92,85%). Pemetaan lingkungan biologi berdasarkan kasus DBD yang terdiri dari rumah positif jentik ditemukan pada 68 rumah (28,57%) sedangkan ABJ 7 desa berada dibawah 95% yang berarti berada diluar standar. Pemetaan lingkungan sosial berdasarkan kasus DBD terdiri dari masyarakat yang belum mendapat penyuluhan ditemukan pada 23 rumah (9,66%) sedangkan masyarakat yang memiliki kebiasaan menggantung pakaian yaitu 191 rumah (80,25%). Disarankan perlu adanya pengoptimalan pelaksanaan program surveilans epidemiologi penyakit DBD dengan pendekatan lingkungan, melakukan pemetaan daerah endemik DBD dengan program SIG secara sederhana, meningkatan partisipasi kader desa dan masyarakat untuk menjaga lingkungan bersih dengan PSN dan kerja bakti.Kata kunci               : DBD, Pemetaan, Kondisi Lingkungan.
KONDISI FAKTOR FISIK RUMAH DAN KEJADIAN ISPA DI DESA ALENANGKA KECAMATAN SINJAI SELATAN KABUPATEN SINJAI
Authors: Anantasia Fitrah , Mulyadi Mulyadi , Hidayat Hidayat
Published: December 2021

Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) merupakan salah satu masalah penyakit tertinggi yang ada di Kabupaten Sinjai. Tempat tinggal dengan ventilasi yang kurang memenuhi kriteria sehingga mengakibatkan pergantian oksigen kurang sempurna, lingkungan fisik rumah yang juga tidak memenuhi syarat, dan hampir setiap rumah masih menggunakan bahan bakar memasak dengan kayu bakar. Kondisi lingkungan yang seperti ini dikhawatirkan berpotensi akan kejadian  ISPA dengan faktor-faktor yang ada.Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui hubungan kondisi rumah dengan kejadian ISPA di Desa Alenangka Kecamatan Sinjai Selatan Kabupaten Sinjai. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan didalam penelitian ini yaitu obervasional analitik dan dianalisa secara cross sectional. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 44 rumah. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama satu bulan. Hasil analisis data dengan menggunakan uji korelasi pearson.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan data variabel ventilasi didapatkan nilai p = 0,219 (p > 0,05) berarti tidak ada hubungan dengan kejadian ISPA, variabel suhu dengan nilai p = 0,029 (p < 0,05) berarti ada hubungan dengan kejadian ISPA, variabel kelembaban dengan nilai p = 0,034 (p < 0,05) berarti ada hubungan dengan kejadian ISPA, dan variabel kepadatan hunian dngan nilai p = 0,123 (p > 0,05) berarti tidak ada hubungan dengan kejadian ISPA.Kata Kunci : Kejadian ISPA, Ventilasi, Suhu, Kelembaban, Kepadatan Hunian
EFEKTIVITAS LARUTAN DAN PARUTAN KUNYIT DALAM MENGAWETKAN IKAN BANDENG (CHANOS CHANOS)
Authors: Ayu Sri , Rappe Erlani
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT In the content contained in milkfish such as protein and fat is a suitable medium for the growth of spoilage bacteria or other microorganisms. One way to maintain its quality by providing preservatives to inhibit bacterial growth is to provide natural preservatives such as turmeric.The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of turmeric as a preservative for milkfish (chanos chanos). This research is a quasi-experimental type of research, namely the treatment of the use of turmeric grater and solution as a preservative in milkfish (chanos chanos) to determine the physical durability of milkfish.The results of the physical condition examination were seen from the appearance of the eyes, surface mucus, meat, body texture in the preservation of milkfish using 65 grams of turmeric solution, showing contact time 1 hour, 8 hours, 16 hours, 21 hours organoleptic value did not exceed the minimum limit of 7, but contact time 22 hours shelf life has been damaged. The results of physical condition examination on milkfish preservation samples using 65 gr turmeric grated effectively preserved at the contact time of 23 hours while the contact time of 24 hours has been damaged. While the milkfish without treatment have suffered damage in the span of 8 hours.The conclusion obtained is that grated turmeric is better able to preserve milkfish in a long time compared to using turmeric solution. Suggestion We recommend using turmeric natural preservatives with grated turmeric to preserve milkfish because the durability of using turmeric grated is longer compared to the turmeric solution seen from physical conditions.
KONSEP KESERAGAMAN POLA SPASIAL LINGKUNGAN PERMUKIMAN BERBASIS SIG (SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS) PADA KAWASAN MUARA SUNGAI TALLO KOTA MAKASSAR
Authors: Rohana Rohana , Paddiyatu Nurhikmah , Wahyuni Sri , Abdullah Gunawan
Published: December 2021

Muara Sungai Tallo yang berada dibagian Utara Kota Makassar, yang terus tumbuh dan berkembang dari tahun ketahun. Saat ini dihuni oleh penduduk yang cukup padat dengan kondisi perumahan yang berhimpitan. Selain itu di daerah tersebut, terdapat perumahan yang dibangun di atas air yang telah melampaui sempadan sungai dengan kondisi sanitasi yang kurang sehat. Permukiman penduduk yang terus bertambah dengan memanfaatkan ruang sepanjang bantaran sungai. Hal ini menjadikan ruang-ruang dalam zona lindung berkurang sehingga perubahan ruang dapat berdampak pada ruang disekitarnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk pola spasial lingkungan kawasan permukiman pesisir Tallo yang berbasis SIG, dilihat dari perubahan ruang yang terjadi pada kawasan tersebut. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian survey dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil dan Pembahasan Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat beberapa faktor yang terjadi pada Kawasan muara sungai tallo, khususnya yang terdapat di wilayah RW. 04 Kelurahan Tallo, diantaranya yaitu 1) Terjadinya perkembangan permukiman pada Kawasan pesisir yang semakin kumuh, 2) Degradasi fisik lingkungan, 3) Sarana dan prasarana mengalami penurunan kualitas terutama drainase dan sanitasi, 4) Pengelolaan sampah yang belum sesuai dengan anjuran pemerintah, 5) Belum tersedianya RTH yang sesuai dengan peruntukannya, 6) Perilaku masyarakat terhadap lingkungan, masih relatif rendah, 7) Tingkat kesejahteraan masyarakat, masih tergolong rendah. Oleh karena itu, untuk mengantisipasi perubahan ruang disekitar Kawasan pesisir, berbagai steakholder dan partisipasi masyarakat, sangat dibutuhkan kerjsamanya untuk bisa saling bahu-membahu dan bekerjasama untuk menjaga lingkungan dan memelihara sumberdaya yang ada dengan tidak mengotori dan tidak merusak berbagai sarana dan prasarana yang telah disediakan, baik dari pemerintah maupun dari pihak swasta. Selain itu, untuk menciptakan lingkungan hunian yang kondusif, dibutuhkan komunikasi yang efektif terhadap seluruh pihak serta dibutuhkan konsep manajemen pengelolaan Kawasan yang merupakan gagasan untuk memberikan pembelajaran dalam mengubah pemikiran, sikap dan perilaku masyarakat yang terorganisir dengan aturan-aturan atau kesepakatan yang dikelola secara bersama berdasarkan sistem manajemen. Kata kunci: Spasial, Permukiman, Lingkungan, Sungai Tallo