bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on the Second Phase Particles Precipitation Behavior during Deformation and Cooling of T700
Authors: Song Zhuo Fei , Hu Xiao Ming , Feng Yun Li , Feng Run Ming
Published: June 2013

In this paper, the precipitation behavior of T700 deformation and cooling process was studied by thermal simulation experiments and scanning electron microscopy. Results show that there are two kinds of carbide precipitates, precipitates needle is epsilon carbide precipitation in bainite, and is precipitated in the quenching process, circular granular precipitates during deformation due to strain induced precipitation. When the holding time is short, amount and size of precipitates are same as precipitation in the deformation. As the holding time longer, the number of precipitates in micro alloyed increase gradually, but very little change in size.
Explosive Properties Analysis of Metallic Composites
Authors: Hu Wan Qiang
Published: June 2013

Based on the rolling of explosive welded composite sheet the paper described the feature of press working of the explosive welded composite material metals as well as their technologies, structures, properties and applications ,pointing out that combination of explosive welding with the traditional press working process is a new route of significant importance to manufacturing composite material metals with different varieties, shapes, dimensions, properties and applications and thus can achieve greater economical, technical and social benefits.
Beneficiation of Kaolin Ore in Guizhou Province
Authors: Deng Rong Dong , Liu Quan Jun , Chang Fu Qiang
Published: June 2013

The paper focuses on a kaolin ore which containing harmful composition of Fe2O3, TiO2 and SO3 and uses united process of gravity-strong magnetic separation and gravity-selective flocculation-strong magnetic technology to remove the harmful composition. Finally, the united process of gravity-selective flocculation-strong magnetic separation process is better. Through a series of condition test, the concentrate with Fe2O3 grade 0.37%, TiO2 grade 0.53%, SO3 grade 0.12% was obtained. This test to increase enterprise efficiency and reduce the environmental pressure is of much benefit.
Analysis and Application of Flow-Induced Corrosion and Scour Corrosion in Gas Well
Authors: Li Ling Feng
Published: June 2013

For natural gas well, the corrosion generated by the flow in tubing and the flow through the control manifold and scour corrosion should be fully considered in gas well control prevention design. This paper presents the technology background, scour corrosion, flow-induced corrosion, application on calculation of in-tubing flow velocity for preventing erosion and corrosion and example. For application, the technology has a good practicality.
Study on Information Science with Stability Analysis for a Class of Interval Linear Networked Control System
Authors: Gao Yang , Zhao Wei
Published: June 2013

It is well known that stability of information transmission is very important. In this paper, we study the stability of Networked control systems. Networked control problem(NCSs) have received plentiful attention in recent two decades. A lot of researcher study the stability for NCSs. In this paper, we consider a class of interval linear system’s networked control problem with time delays and packet dropout. A stability result is obtained with the discrete-time method which is based on the Information Science.
Research on the Protection Strategy of Network Security
Authors: Ji Hong
Published: June 2013

The global information has become the human development trend with the development of network technology. People enjoy the convenience brought by the network technology and confront many network security issues. Because the network attack behavior has concealment, complexity and permeability, the network security issues become increasingly prominent and the network security protection become more difficult. Based on the analysis of the threatening factors to the network security, such as hacking, computer viruses, computer system vulnerabilities, security issues of the network protocol, weak authentication and logic bombs, the firewall technology, intrusion detection technology, access control technology and computer virus protection technology are proposed to ensure safe and stable operation and use of network.
Study on Mechanical Automation with the Torque Limiter Functioned Based on Infrared Interruption
Authors: Yang I Chiang , Lai Po Szu , Juan Yu Lin , Chen Tsair Rong , Chen Ching Mu
Published: June 2013

In this research, the verification on the torque limiter is completed by using the mechanism of a torque limiter integrated with the infrared optointerrupter feedback detection. Through a shuttle and an infrared optointerrupter, it is meant to determine whether the rotation mechanism is affected by the mechanism of a torque limiter. With this, it is available to determine if any jamming happens. Through the testing verification of physical mechanisms, the feasibility for the torque limiter proposed by this research is conducted. It can avoid current shorting when dead jamming happens. Also, the detection circuits relevant to the detection of motor current feedback can be saved to reduce systematical circuit maintenance and manufacture torque limiters with long life expectancy, higher stability and low cost.
Effect of TiO2 Concentration on Structure and Performance of Polysulfone Hollow-Fiber Ultrafiltration Membrane
Authors: Zheng Qing Zhu , Yuan Jun Sheng
Published: June 2013

In order to prepare polysulfone (PSF) hollow-fiber ultrafiltration (UF) membrane with ideal hydrophilicity, TiO2 nanoparticle was introduced to casting solution. Furthermore, the effect of TiO2 nanoparticle concentration on structure and performance of membrane were investigated. It was found that with the addition of TiO2 nanoparticle, the structure and performance are influenced obviously. With the increase of TiO2 concentration, the porosity increase, the tensile strength and fracture length have maximum values when TiO2 concentration is 1 wt%. The water flux increase obviously and the retention rate decrease slowly with the increase of operating pressure, considering water flux and retention rate of the membrane, the best operating pressure is 0.2 MPa.
First Principles Calculation on Adsorption of S on Fe(111)
Authors: Zhang Feng Chun , Li Chun Fu , Ran Zeng Ling
Published: June 2013

Density functional theory calculations have been performed for sulfur atom adsorption on the Fe(111) surface at 0.5 and 1.0 ML. The geometry structures, density of the state, charge population and adsorption energy were calculated. It is found that the most favored adsorption site for sulfur atom is the hollow site, and the interaction between Fe and S comes in large part from the hybridization of Fe 3d orbital and S 3p orbital. Our results have shown that the force between iron atom and sulfur atom is very small.
Mechanical Properties and Fatigue Behavior of Age Treated Die Cast AlMg5Si2Mn Alloy
Authors: Hu Zu Qi , Wan Li , Wu Shu Sen , Liu Xue Qiang
Published: June 2013

Mechanical properties and fatigue behavior of die cast AlMg5Si2Mn alloy are studied to broaden its application. Results indicate that the microstructure consist of coarse α1-Al crystals, fine α2-Al and eutectic [Al+Mg2S region. Dilatant shear band and surface layer are observed in the surface and sub-surface of the die castings. Ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of as-cast AlMg5Si2Mn alloy are 333MPa, 191MPa and 10.7% respectively. Age treatment significantly improves the strength and slightly decreases the elongation. Fatigue limit of AlMg5Si2Mn is 56MPa and the fatigue lives of as-cast and age treat specimens are similar to each other. Uniform fatigue striations and tear ridges are observed in the fatigue fracture.
Dissolution, Crystallisation, and Sintering of a Raw Matt Glaze for Porcelain Tiles
Authors: Amorós J.L. , Gómez-Tena M.P. , Moreno A. , Blasco E. , Cook S. , Galindo M.
Published: June 2013

The aesthetic characteristics and mechanical properties of a new raw glaze of the matt type, developed for porcelain tiles, referenced SG, were determined and compared with those of a commercial matt glaze for porcelain tiles, referenced RG. Glaze SG was formulated by introducing boron as calcined borate E4972 [1]. In contrast, glaze RG contained a frit (30%) that included boron among its constituents. Despite the different chemical and mineralogical characteristics of these glazes, their chemical and mechanical properties, as well as their aesthetic characteristics, were appropriate. The dissolution of crystalline particles and the crystallisation and sintering phenomena in glaze SG were studied. The effective viscositytemperature curve of this glaze was experimentally obtained by hot stage microscopy (HSM). A model describing the effective viscosity of a glaze, based on Kriegers equation for concentrated colloidal suspensions, was developed in this study. The agreement between the experimental data and the calculated values was quite good.
Surface Characteristics of Anodized AZ91D with Potassium Permanganate in Alkaline by Various Time
Authors: Kim Yu Kyoung , Yoon Dong Joo , Shin Chul Ho , Hee Ryu Moon , Jang Yong Seok , Lee Min Ho
Published: June 2013

Magnesium is demanded increasing in aerospace, electronics industry and medical field requires the surface treatment method. That allows increasing the corrosion resistance in order to put to practical use as products. The spark anodized treatment method in this study used was anodized depending on the various times to 1-4 minutes with a current density of 300 mA/cm2 in the constant-current mode that duty cycle is 50% and frequency is 125 Hz by a bipolar pulse power. And the characteristics of the film were evaluated. This treatment method is to obtain the uniform film by reducing the applied voltage on the surface by adding 0.1 M Sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) in the mixed solution of 2.0 M Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and 0.1M Sodium phosphate (Na3PO4). It aims to express brown or dark brown color by adding Potassium permanganate, and to improve the corrosion resistance. After anodization treatment, the surface characteristics were analyzed using SEM, XRD and illuminance meter, and Vickers hardness was measured. In order to evaluate of corrosion resistance, the corrosion potential and corrosion current were measured by potentiodynamic method in 3.5 wt. % NaCl electrolyte. The critical voltage required to generate the oxidized layer could be lower depending on the addition of (Na2SiO3) and (KMnO4). The size of a pore was reduced depending on the processing time, and the thickness of the film was grown in proportion to it. As the result of XRD, a new peak of Mg0.9Mn0.1O was formed, and the peak of parent metal was reduced by the increase of the oxide. By the potentiodynamic polarization behavior, the value of corrosion potential was increased and the corrosion current density was decreased and the corrosion resistance was improved.
Research on the Influence of Paper Smoothness on the Color Effect
Authors: Meng Qing Jun , Li Zhi Jian
Published: June 2013

Smoothness directly influences the color effect of printed matter, so it is very significant for researching the influence of paper smoothness on color effect of printed matter. This article researchs the relationships between the paper smoothness and the color effect of printed matter through experiments. The results show that, hue error of printed matter decreases with increased smoothness, color gamut of printed matter increases with increased smoothness, the glossiness of printed matter increases with increased smoothness, and color effect of printed matter better with increased smoothness. The results could provide a theoretical reference for papermaking enterprises to optimize the process of papermaking and produce suitable paper for color printing.
Investigation of Nanomechanical and Aging Properties of Scratch-Resistant Coatings on Polycarbonate through Nanoindentation
Authors: Zhang Xuan , Zhong Yan Li , Zhang Xiao Wen , Li Lei , Li Xiao Yu , Yan Yue
Published: June 2013

Polycarbonate has been widely used in optical and aeronautic areas due to its low weight, transparency and high impact strength. The deposition of hard, transparent and scratch-resistant coatings on polycarbonate can significantly improve the surface mechanical behavior while capitalizing on their desirable bulk characteristics. In this work, nanomechanical properties of transparent scratch-resistant coating on polycarbonate, including nanoindentation and nanoscratch behaviors, were detailed investigated. The significant enhancement of nanomechanical response, containing hardness elastic modulus and friction-resistance, could be obtained after the deposition of the scratch-resistant coating. The results of the systematic investigation of indentation and scratch performance at the nanoscale reveal their significant differences between the surface region and bulk of coatings. Furthermore, the aging properties of scratch-resistant coatings under hygrothermal environment (65°C water for different time) can be followed-up and quantitatively detected in terms of hardness and maximum loading depth changing by nanoindentation technique, which prove to be a new and available method to study aging behavior of thin coatings.
A Simple and High-Performance Hydrazine Sensor Based on Graphene Nano Platelets Supported Metal Nanoparticles
Authors: Liu Yi , Li Bei Bei , Wei Wei , Wan Qi Jin , Yang Nian Jun
Published: June 2013

Gold-palladium nanoparticles (AuPd NPs) were prepared on a layer of graphene (GR) film by potentiostatic electrodeposition from a mixture electrolyte of HAuCl4and H2PdCl4to fabricate the AuPdNPs/graphene/glass carbon electrode (AuPd/GR/GCE). The synthesized composite has been characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Electrocatalytic oxidation of hydrazine on the surface of modified electrode was investigated with cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry methods, the results showed that theAuPd NPshigh catalysis for the electrochemical oxidation of hydrazine and the excellent conductivity of graphene. Electrocatalytic activity of the modified electrode was investigated for the oxidation of hydrazine in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solutions (pH=6.0). Under the optimized conditions, the oxidation current of hydrazine was linear to its concentration in the range of 2185 μM, and the estimated detection limit was 0.2 μM (S/N =3).
Amperometric Biosensor for Hydrogen Peroxide Based on Glucose Oxidase Immobilized in Au Nanoparticles and 2,3-Dimercaptosuccinic Acid Self-Assembly Monolayers
Authors: Wang Zhao Hao , Shang Yan Li , Wan Qi Jin , Yang Nian Jun
Published: June 2013

A simple amperometric biosensor for the analytical detection of hydrogen peroxide was developed. The biosensor was prepared by the immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOD) in the nanostructure matrix constructed through electrochemical deposition of Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) upon 2, 3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) SAMs formed on Au electrode. The fabricated biosensor had a fast response of H2O2 (<10 s), and an excellent linear range of concentration from 2×106 to 3.5×103 M with a low detection limit of 0.65 μM (S/N = 3) under the optimum conditions. The Michaelis-Menten constant of the immobilized GOD was 2.0 mM, displaying a high affinity of the GOD toward H2O2 without loss of enzymatic activity in nanosubstrate.
A Simple Hydrogen Peroxide Biosensor Based on Catalase Immobilized in Nano-Structural Composite Film
Authors: Wang Zhao Hao , Cui Han , Wan Qi Jin , Yang Nian Jun
Published: June 2013

A robust and effective nanocomposite film modified gold electrode based on 2, 3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) and Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) was prepared by a method combining self-assembly with underpotential deposition. Direct electron transfer can easily take place between a gold electrode and catalase molecules anchored on AuNPs films. Besides, the CAT/AuNPs/DMSA multilayer film had a relatively rapid and satisfactory response toward H2O2 with a wide linear range from 3.0×106 to 5.86×103 M and a low detection limit of 3.0 μM (S/N = 3). The Michaelis-Menten constant of the immobilized CAT was calculated to be 2.2 mM. The simple CAT/AuNPs/DMSA/Au system can be developed into a H2O2 biosensor.
A High-Performance Bimetallic Pd-Cu Nanoparticles Membrane on Glassy Carbon Electrode for Formic Acid Oxidation
Authors: Wei Wei , Liu Yi , Wan Qi Jin , Yang Nian Jun
Published: June 2013

The Palladium-copper nanoparticles (PdCu NPs) have been prepared by potentiostatic electrodeposition from a mixture electrolyte of H2PdCl4 and CuSO4,then placed the electrode in sulfuric acid using cyclic voltammetry sweep a few laps to fabricate the PdCu NPs/glass carbon electrode (Pd-Cu/GCE). The modified electrode electrochemical properties of a preliminary study found that this modified electrode has good stability and electrochemical activity, experiments show that formic aicd has good voltammetric response of the electrode. The electrical activity of the formic acid in the Pd/GCE is lower than that in the Pd-Cu/GCE, this is due to the synergistic effect of the bimetal. When the Cu content is increased gradually in H2PdCl4 and CuSO4 a mixed solution, the formic acid oxidation peak currentlower, because Cu has no electrocatalytic activity for formic acid oxidation.
Numerical Simulation of the Multi-Component Slurry Gasification with the Non-Premixed Combustion Model
Authors: Li Xing Xing , Yi Chun Hai , Yang Bo Lun , Zhang Yong , Men Chang Gui , He Gen Liang , Xu Hong Dong
Published: June 2013

Considering the volumetric reactions and particle surface reactions in an entrained flow gasifier, the non-premixed combustion model based on the wet particles combustion method is adopted to simulate the multi-component slurry gasification process with FLUENT software. The velocity, temperature and concentration profiles of the gas products in the gasifier are obtained. Simulated results agree well with the commercial data, which verified the validity and applicability of the present model. Simultaneously, the reaction subarea in the gasifier has turned out to be obvious, the water evaporation, volatiles cracking and combustion reactions mainly appear in the jet region of the gasifier, the char gasification mainly appear in the freeboard region, but few reactions appear in the recirculation region. Moreover, with the increase of the mass fraction of the multi-component slurry, the content of the syngas at the gasifier outlet increases, while with the oxygen carbon atom ratio increasing, the syngas yield is rising early but declining later.
COD Removal of Textile Printing and Dyeing Wastewater by Photocatalysis
Authors: Zhao Wei , Xie Hong Yong
Published: June 2013

Degradation of printing and dyeing wastewater after aerobic biochemical treatment by photocatalysis is studied by using a rotating photoreactor and TiO2photocatalyst of Degussa P25. Effects of irradiation time and pH value on removing efficiency are investigated. The results show that the COD down to about 80mg/L can be achieved at the irradiation time of about 4-5 hours at mild pH values. At the pH value from 1.5 to 3.2, the COD down to about 80mg/L can be achieved at the irradiation time less than 1 hour, and the COD down to about 20mg/L could be achieved at the irradiation time of about 4 hours at a pH value of about 3.2.
Thermal Degradation of Epoxy Resins Containing Copper Compounds
Authors: Dai Qiu Ju , Gao Ming
Published: June 2013

A novel cheap macromolecular intumescent flame retardants (Cu-MIFR), was synthesized, and its structure was a caged bicyclic macromolecule containing phosphorus-copper characterized by IR. Epoxy resins (EP) were modified with Cu-MIFR to get the flame retardant EP, whose flammability and burning behavior were characterized by UL 94, limiting oxygen index (LOI), dilatation, char yield, smoke density rating (SDR) and maximum smoke density (MSD). The epoxy resins were obtained for the UL 94 V-0 rating at low Cu contents of 3.0 % get a LOI of 27.0% and char yield of 19.4%. Dilatation, SDR and MSD of EP/Cu-MIFR decreased. The degradation behavior of the EP/Cu-MIFR was studied by TG and EDX analysis. The experimental results exhibited that the initial decomposition temperature (IDT) was decreased, integral procedure decomposition temperature (IPDT) and amounts of Cu and P at the residue were increased.
Thermal Degradation of Hemp Treated with Guanidine Carbonate
Authors: Dai Qiu Ju , Gao Ming
Published: June 2013

Hemp was treated with guanidine carbonate to impart flame retardance. The thermal degradation of the samples were studied by thermogravimetry (TG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The flame retardance was determined by LOI. Morphology of the char structure was studied by SEM to obtain information concerning the thermal degradation mechanism. For hemp treated with guanidine carbonate, which has higher LOI and char yield values, the oxidative decomposition stages include a decomposition stage at lower temperatures (172-210°C) , leading to more carbonaceous residue and small amount of flammable products to get the good flame retardance. The SEM of the chars of hemp treated with guanidine carbonate also indicate the structure of the charring layer may increase heat insulation, and protect inner matrix materials.
Numerical Simulation of Small-Scale Explosion in Dry Sand
Authors: Ding Yu Qing , Tang Wen Hui , Ran Xian Wen , Xu Xin
Published: June 2013

Numerical simulation of small-scale explosion in dry sand using two sand material models including the Sand model and the LA model were carried out in the present study. Three cases were considered which the depths of burial (DOB) of the explosive C4 charge were 0, 30 mm and 80 mm, respectively. The time arrival of the blast-wave front and the maximum overpressure of fixed measuring locations were studied using a two dimensional axisymmetric model in hydrocode ANSYS/AUTODYN. Furthermore, the crater diameters and the heights of detonation product cloud respect to the time were also studied by comparing with the test data. The simulation results indicate that the both sand material models were hardly predict the test data exactly which proves that the sand properties and the material model should be more carefully studied and defined.
Synthesis of PMMA-b-PS Block Copolymer by Emulsion ATRP and its Self-Assembly Property
Authors: Tian Bao Yong , Tang Er Jun , Yuan Miao , Hao Rui Xia , Li Cun Man , Bian Feng , Li Liang
Published: June 2013

The well-defined block copolymer PMMA-b-PS was prepared by two-step ATRP in emulsion system. GPC results indicate that Mn increased linearly with conversion and polydispersity remained relatively narrow. It presents the characteristics of living polymerization in emulsion system. FT-IR demonstrated that block copolymer PMMA-b-PS could be successfully synthesized by ATRP with macroinitiator PMMA-Cl in emulsion system. The morphological characteristic of the self-assembly depends on the block copolymer concentration and transforms between spheres and rodlike micelles. The property indicates a perfect potential application in drug delivery materials.
Fabrication, Characteristics and Application in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell of Vertically Alligned ZnO Nanorod Arrays Guided with Polyethyleneimine via Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Saleem Muhammad , Fang Liang , Wu Fang , Jun L.W. , Xu C.L. , Xue S.J.
Published: June 2013

.A series of vertically aligned ZnO nanorod-array films are grown on fluorine-doped tin oxide (F: SnO2, FTO) coated glass substrates by the solution-based chemical process. The effect of polyethyleneimine (PEI) adding in seed and growth solution on the structure, morphology, UV-Vis absorption spectra and photovoltaic properties of ZnO nanorod array films, has been analyzed. The XRD and SEM results showed that the ZnO nanorod have the hexagonal wurtzite structure with the (002) direction normal to the substrate. It was observed that with the addition of PEI in growth solution, the ZnO nanorods become smaller in diameter and longer in length i.e. greatly enhance their surface area, leading to improve dye adsorption and photovoltaic performance of DSSCs. The efficiency of ZnO nanorod-based DSSC with PEI in growth solution was on average 1.18 % for film A4, which is 84 % higher than for ZnO nanorod-based DSSC without PEI in growth solution.
Nanostructured Graphenes and Metal Oxides for Fuel Cell and Battery Applications
Authors: Li Zhe Fei , Xie Jian , Stanciu Lia , Ren Yang
Published: June 2013

Graphene/spacer nanoparticle composites were prepared by reducing graphene oxide with hydrazine in the presence of different contents of polyaniline nanoparticles. In-situ cryo-TEM image of GO-spacer solution shows that spacer nanoparticles are anchored on GO sheets. During the reduction, as-adsorbed spacer nanoparticles were sandwiched between layers of graphene. These spacer nanoparticles act as spacers to create gaps between neighboring graphene sheets, resulting in higher surface area. Graphene/spacer nanocomposites exhibited highest specific surface area of 1500 m2/g. Utilizing this composite material, a supercapacitor with specific capacitance of 267 F/g at a current density of 0.1 A/g was achieved.
Interfacial Behaviors of Vacuum Brazed Joint between Diamond Grit and Ni-13Sn-28Cr Filler Alloy
Authors: Ham Jong Oh , Chung Jin Hwan , Jung Sang Kyo , Byoun Young Min , Lee Chi Hwan
Published: June 2013

In this study, vacuum brazing of diamond grit was performed using an Ni-10Sn-28Cr alloy in order to examine the interfacial behaviors. In order to study the wettability between diamond grit and the brazing alloy, a graphite was used instead of diamond grit. The contact angle of Ni-10Sn-28Cr alloy and graphite decreased with increasing holding time and temperature. The shear strength between graphite and Ni-10Sn-28Cr filler alloy showed the best value of 29.8 MPa at 1100°C brazing temperature. It was shown that the shear strength was decreased significantly due to the increase of the thickness of brittle reaction layer and interface residual stress, as the brazing temperature increased up to 1200°C. In regards to the thermal stability evaluation of diamond grits, the graphitization of diamond grit was observed to occur at 1300°C brazing temperature after 60 minutes. Beyond 1100°C brazing temperature, diamond grit exhibited ideal setting in the brazing filler alloy, whereas process diamond grit was observed to be fully embedded in the brazing alloy and damaged at 1200°C temperature. The results of interface analysis of the diamond grit joints brazed by the brazing alloy showed that the chromium carbides played an important role in high strength bonding and as the brazing temperature increased, existing angular chromium carbide transformed into acicular chromium carbide.
Formation of Polymer Brushes with Diblock Copolymers on a Planar Surface
Authors: Yang Yang , Zuo Chun Cheng , Zuo Yu Xin , Yu Ying
Published: June 2013

We use molecular dynamics simulations method to investigate the behavior characteristics of AB diblock copolymers that are adsorbed on a planar surface. Adsorption density has been distinguished, depending on the adsorption manner of A-block on the (100) surface and formation of brushes. It is examined in detail that conformational behavior of the brushes affects the adsorption density. In addition, we make a comparison of linear brush with length ratio of the A-block to the chain, in the cases of the fixed length of chain and the fixed length of A-block, respectively. The result shows that the adsorption density is strongly affected by the length ratio of the A-block to the chain. And our findings can be used as a guide for fabrication and preparation of actual synthetic polymer brushes on a solid surface by the approach of physical adsorption.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation on Dynamic Properties of Bubble
Authors: Qiu Chao , Zhang Hui Сhen
Published: June 2013

Development of a single bubble in free space under the canonical ensemble was studied by using molecular dynamics simulation method. The detailed dynamic characteristics in the evolution process were analyzed by calculating the displacement of molecules, density, diffusion coefficient, pressure and potential energy of bubble. The results indicate that the evolution is divided into three stages according to the change of bubble potential energy, which are expansion, compression and balance state respectively. The temperature and density have significant influences on the final state of bubbles. The bubble in the liquid with larger density has a higher transition rate. The collapsing speed of bubble becomes faster with temperature increasing.
Characristics of Shape Memory Composites Combined with Shape Memory Alloy and Shape Memory Polymer
Authors: Feng Xue , Zhao Li Min , Mi Xu Jun
Published: June 2013

In order to develop high functionality of shape memory materials, the shape memory composites combined with TiNi wire and shape memory epoxy were prepared, and the mechanical and thermomechanical properties were studied. The results showed the addition of TiNi wire increased the Young modulus and breaking strength both at room temperature and at elevated temperature. The composites maintained the rates of shape fixity and shape recovery close to 100%. The maximum recovery stress increased with increasing TiNi wire volume fraction, and obtained almost 3 times of the matrix by adding 1vol% TiNi wire.
An Eigenexpansion Method in 2D Viscoelastic Materials
Authors: Chen Li , Yuan Fang
Published: June 2013

The two-dimensional viscoelastic solid is considered in symplectic system. The general solutions of the governing equations include zero eigensolutions and non-zero eigensolutions. Zero eigensolutions can describe all the Saint-Venant problems, and non-zero ones are local effect solutions. Via this analytical approach, the final solution of the problem can be expressed by the linear combination of the general eigensoutions. In this paper, the local effects are described by employing this analytical approach.
Integrative Analysis of the Injection Molding Process and Mechanical Behavior of Plastic Part
Authors: Zhang Qing Wen , Xu Ying Jie , Zhang Wei Hong , Wang Jun
Published: June 2013

For parts made of plastics, injection molding is a common manufacturing process. Warpage and residual stress induced during the injection molding process have very important influences on the mechanical performance of injection products. In this paper, an integrative analysis of the injection molding process and mechanical performance of plastic parts is proposed. This integrative approach incorporates the effects of the manufacturing process in the mechanical simulation: (a) firstly, the finite element package MoldFlow is used to simulate the injection molding process and obtain the warpage and residual stress results. (b) Then the finite element model of plastic part including the process induced warpage and residual stress is established. Explicit dynamic finite element program LS-DYNA is used to simulate the mechanical behaviors of the molded part. Based on the integrative analysis, the influences of injection molding process parameters on mechanical behavior of a PC windshield against impact loading are studied.
Effect of Galla сhinensis on the Wear Resistance of Dentine
Authors: Li Hong , Deng Meng , Peng Sheng Cheng , Shi Ju Hong
Published: June 2013

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of natural herb material Galla Chinensis extraction (GCE) on the wear resistance of dentine in vitro. Forty sound bovine dentine blocks were prepared and randomly divided into two groups. The samples were first treated with 4000 ppm aqueous solution of Galla chinensis and distilled deionized water (DDW) was used as a control. Then the samples were subjected to 5,000 cycles of attrition bathed under artificial saliva with 150 N loads. Wear measurement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX) analysis were utilized to evaluate the effects of GCE on the wear resistance. The depth of the wear scar of DDW-treated surface (mean = 32.5 μm, SD = 11.8 μm) was significantly greater than that of GCE-treated surface (mean = 26.4 μm, SD = 13.9 μm) (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the SEM images showed severe wear on the DDW specimens and less wear on the GCE-treated samples. Finally, from EDX data, GEC group had higher percentage of Ca and P than the control. In conclusion, our study suggested that Galla chinensis could enhance wear resistance of dentine.
Experiment Study of Pulse Electrochemical Finishing of GCr15 Bearing Steel
Authors: Zheng Xing Hua , Wei Ze Fei , Huang Shuai
Published: June 2013

The pulse electrochemical finishing (PECF) of GCr15 bearing steel was studied. The effect of the main processing parameters, such as electrolyte concentration, inter-electrode gap, current density, pulse parameters, and processing temperature, on the processed surface quality was discussed. The results indicate that PECF has a good effect on GCr15 bearing steel and has a good application prospect on the finishing of bearing raceways.
Stress Intensity Factors and Weight Function for Internal Surface Faults in Cylindrical Vessels
Authors: Ni Yan Ling , Yang Shang Tong , Li Chun Qing
Published: June 2013

Failure of cylindrical vessels can be caused by stress singularity at pitting corrosion induced cracks. Literature suggests that most of research focuses on how to determine stress intensity factors for surface cracks with low aspect ratios, i.e.,a/c1.0. Situation may well arise where the aspect ratio of cracks is larger than one. This paper attempts to propose a weight function method to determine stress intensity factors for high aspect ratio semi-elliptical cracks in cylindrical vessels. The weight functions are derived based on three dimensional finite element analysis. The proposed weight function method is verified numerically. It is found that the higher the aspect ratio of cracks the larger the stress intensity factors, and that the aspect ratio of cracks may alter the failure mode of cylindrical vessels.
Mechanical Properties Analysis on Honeycomb Sandwich Structure Considering Flexural Rigidity of Face Sheets
Authors: He Xing Xing , Liao Ying , Liang Xiao Jun
Published: June 2013

Based on the honeycomb sandwich structure on the supported plates of a satellite antenna, the bending effect of the honeycomb sandwich structure is analyzed with analytical method and finite element method (FEM) to design and verify the models established in the paper. Then, the analytical method without/with considering the flexural rigidity effect of the face sheets is solved. And the equivalent model of the honeycomb sandwich structure is constructed for valuating analysis. Then the three different models are analyzed with finite element method. The results show that, the flexural rigidity of face sheets can affect the bending of the structure when the thickness cant be ignored. Compared to the reality model, the bending results of the equivalent model are more conservative. Its significant in the engineering practice for the honeycomb sandwich structures.
Analytic Model and FEM Characterization of Two Piezoresistive Microphone Membrane
Authors: Luca Petricca , Per Ohlckers
Published: June 2013

In this paper we will present the analytical modeling of two different microphone membranes (one square and one circular) fabricated using the MultiMEMS process at Sensonor in Norway. In particular we built up a mathematical model of the pressurebehavior inside the cavity, when an external pressure is applied. The time constant of the exponential solution, gave us the possibility to estimate the minimum working frequencies of these devices. We compared the results that we found with both the mechanical resonance estimates from FEM models and the initial measurements of the devices presented in [.
Research on a Wavelet Filtering Method of the Fiber Optic Gyroscope Based on EMD
Authors: Zhou Bin , Wang Wei
Published: June 2013

Due to the weak nonstationary characteristics of high-precision fiber optic gyro output random drift. In order to reduce the random drift, this paper proposes a new nonlinear, nonstationary filter method—the Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) method. Firstly some key technologies were discussed, and then proposed a Wavelet filter method of the fiber optic gyroscope based on EMD. Using fiber optic gyro data conducted off-line simulation verification. The results indicated that Wavelet filter method based on EMD can effectively remove high frequency noise compared with the ordinary wavelet filter method, and can also effectively suppress other noise. The bias instability of Gyro output from 0.0061 ° / h reduced to 0.001 ° / h. Accuracy is improved obviously.
Design Optimization of MEMS Based LLC Tunable Resonant Converter for Power Supplies on Chip
Authors: Khan Fahimullah , Zhu Yong , Lu Jun Wei , Dao Dzung
Published: June 2013

In this paper, a novel MEMS based LLC converter is proposed for on chip power supplies. The design is optimized based on commercially available Metal MUMPs process for fabrication. The resonant frequency is optimized at 20MHz and MEMS based variable capacitor is fabricated on the chip to tune the peak resonance frequency of circuit which varies due to the load variations. The Design is simulated in FEM based numerical software COMSOL and Intellisuite. According to analysis the magnetizing inductance of 42nH and leakage inductance of 40nH has been achieved from 16 mm2 rectangular coil transformer. The total capacitance of 1500pF has been achieved from parallel plate capacitors and variation of 3pF has been achieved from variable capacitor.
Determining of Corrosion Resistance of Alloyed Earth Plateproduced by New Electro Deposition Method
Authors: Karimian Majid , Shojaian Shahrokh , Golkar Ahmad
Published: June 2013

In addition to electrical design and function, corrosion resistance is an important factor in producing earth rod and plate which indicate quality of these products. The ability of an electrical grounding component to resist corrosion determines its service life.Different production methods has been tried to reach the maximum corrosion resistance but electro deposition process specially alloyed covering used in this research is the most successful method. In this research innovation of the invented process is described, then to confirm the method, corrosion resistance of the covered Earth rod and plate is tested. Phenomenal results indicated that even with 100 micron thickness of the new coating layer, corrosion resistance reaches the required time of resistance. Also by increasing the layer thickness, corrosion resistance is increased.
Comparative Study of Top Electrode and Bottom Electrode Sensing Resistor Schemes for MEMs Based Bolometer Application
Authors: Feng Jin Feng , Kang Xiao Xu , Yuan Chao , Zuo Qing Yun , Chen Shou Mian , Zhao Yu Hang
Published: June 2013

In this work, CMOS compatible MEMs based bolometer process was developed on 200mm std CMOS Cu BEOL. As to the micro-bridge structure, TaN was used as electrode material, and alpha-Si film was used as the sacrificial material fabricated by low Temperature PECVD technology. No metal or dielectric material plug was used for the anchor supporting structure, which make the process much more controllable and flexible. For one of the Sensor product application, B-doped alpha-Si film was used as sensing material fabricated by PECVD and in situ doping process. The sensing resistor, which is the most important structure of this product, was fabricated with different approaches. In the top electrode scheme, TaN was used as electrode layer on top of sensing material whose pattern was to define the sensing resistor. In the bottom electrode scheme, TaN electrode layer was located on bottom of sensing material. The two schemes were comparatively studied to show their advantages and drawbacks. Conclusion was made that both the scheme can match the product requirements, and bottom electrode scheme was the better choice for its well control for sensing material loss and uniformity of sensing resistor, which was most important to the performance and yield of MEMs based IR sensor products.
Design and Study of Magnetization Characteristics of a Magnetostrictive (Tb0.3Dy0.7Fe1.95) Actuator under Zero Pre-Stress Conditions for Direct Current Input
Authors: Joshi Raghavendra , Kadoli Ravikiran
Published: June 2013

This paper presents the design of actuator using magnetostrictive material under zero pre-stress conditions for direct current input, which is being developed to move friction pads of a disc brake for braking action. Comparison of analytical, experiment and Maxwell simulation of coils in free air is being carried out to predict the magnetic field generated by them and magneto motive force reaching the measuring end of magnetostrictive material. Experiments are being conducted to verify the performance of magnetostrictive actuator for dc input under zero-preload conditions. A set of magnetization curves are being predicted using Jiles-Atherton model in the context of control applications that require an accurate characterization of the relation between input applied magnetic field and strain output by the actuator. Further the validation of Jiles-Atherton model results is being done with the results obtained from experiments.
MEMS Accelerometer Design Optimization Using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Krushnasamy V.S. , Juliet A. Vimala
Published: June 2013

MEMS (Microelectromechanical Systems) refers to the technology integrating electrical and mechanical components with feature size of 1~1000 microns. Due to its small size, low cost, low power consumption and high efficiency, MEMS technology has been widely used in many fields.In this paper,the design optimization of MEMS accelerometer is discussed.The main objective of this investigation is to find a optimum design of MEMS,which satisfies a set of given constraints. The accelerometer employs a double folded beam flexure system and the mass being displaced is the proof mass.Due to the complex nature of the problem,a genetic algorithm (GA) is developed for the optimization of MEMS.The GA attempts to minimize the die area and so the four optimal parameter values can be determined. MEMS accelerometers can be used in air-bag deployment systems in automobiles.The experimental results will show the optimal design of MEMS.
Design and Verification of a "Soft" eFPGA Using New Method
Authors: Xie Xiao Dong , Li Ping , Li Wei
Published: June 2013

A novel design methodology for soft eFPGA is proposed. In comparison with the previous soft core design approach, a structured-description strategy is applied and the process of logic synthesis is bypassed in the new design flow. Thus, the capability of processing the bidirectional routing architectures of the mainstream eFPGAs is obtained, while the conventional soft core design method could only handle the eFPGA with directional routing structure. Moreover, the experiment result shows eFPGA designed with this new method is 2 times denser than that designed with the conventional method. To verify this method, a proof-of-concept eFPGA prototype is designed and also presented.
Designing and Performance Assessment for Sensor Color Interpolation
Authors: Jeon Gwang Gil
Published: June 2013

This paper addresses the problem of color restoration on Lukac color filter array (CFA) pattern [. Digital camera acquires the continuous color spectrum using three filters. However, each pixel indicates only a sample out of three channels. This order is called a mosaicking and the opposite process is called demosaicking. This article designs filters for Lukac CFA, and apply it to generate demosaicked images. The objective (CPSNR and S-CIELAB) and visual quality comparison are provided in simulation results section.
A Research on X-Trans Patterned CMOS
Authors: Jeon Gwang Gil
Published: June 2013

In the last two decades, super-resolution and demosaicking have been researched actively. Generally, digital camera suffers from both color filtering and low spatial resolution. Therefore it is worth studying above issues. In this paper, we design filters to conduct super-resolution for digital camera. Bayer pattern has been widely used in digital camera. In this paper, we conduct experiments on X-Trans color filter array (CFA) pattern. Experimental results confirm that the proposed filters are effective for solving demosaicking issues.
Efficient Color Configurations for Sensors
Authors: Jeon Gwang Gil
Published: June 2013

mageries are acquired by digital cameras using a single sensor covered with a color filter array (CFA). The most generally employed CFA pattern is Bayer CFA. Therefore in the acquired CFA imagery, each pixel includes only one of three colors: they are red, green, and blue. This CFA color interpolation methods reconstruct losing color information of the other two primary colors for every single pixel. In a single pair of Bayer CFA, there are two green pixels and one red pixel and one blue pixel. In this paper, we interchanged green pixel with other colors. The performance comparison is shown in Experimental results section.
Clustering in Wireless Sensor Networks: Performance Comparison of EAMMH and LEACH Protocols Using MATLAB
Authors: Mundada Monica R. , Thimmegowda Nishanth , Bhuvaneswari T. , Cyrilraj V.
Published: June 2013

Conservation of the energy available in each sensor node and increasing network lifetime are most important design issues for a wireless sensor network (WSN). Many routing algorithms have been developed in this regard. Out of all these, clustering algorithms have gained a lot of importance in increasing the network lifetime thereby the efficiency of the nodes in it. Clustering provides an effective way for prolonging the lifetime of WSN. This paper elaborately compares the two renowned routing protocols namely, LEACH and EAMMH supported by simulations scenarios, and analysis of the results against known metrics with energy and network lifetime being major among them.
Design and Research of Low-Energy Consumption Sensor Nodes in a Smart-Scene System
Authors: Fan Chun Xiao , Li Ran , Zou Jun Wei , Wang Ye Qiao
Published: June 2013

This paper introduces an application of wireless sensor network based on the ZigBee -- the Smart-Scene system. In-depth analysis of factors of invalid power consumption, a functional separated sink node is designed and a DPM (Dynamic Power Management) schema of dynamic node based on event-driven is proposed. The schema is used in Smart-Scene system and the experimental results indicate it is high feasibility and reduce energy consumption. This method will become an effective solution for wireless sensor network.
Design and Manufacture of Ultra-Small Chip Power Inductor
Authors: Chen Chui Xin , Mao Yang Hong
Published: June 2013

Ultra-small Chip Power Inductors play an important role in the new TFT-LCD, OLED and other display equipment and other high-end electronic equipment, there are many problems in the traditional power inductors,design and manufacture the small inductor has a very important significance, from small-scale processing, positioning assembly processing, and combine surface and the point welding processing, a whole forming handle, bulk welding and bulk dispensing processing six aspects in designing and manufacturing, practice has proved that take this design, suitable for mass production, can greatly improve the productive efficiency.
Investigation of Dynamical Peculiarities of Manipulator on the Basis of close Circuit Mechanism
Authors: Tuleshov K. Amandyk , Ozhikenov A. Kassymbek , Ozhiken K. Assylbek
Published: June 2013

Manipulator dynamics is investigated on the basis of closed kinematic chain, in comparison to manipulator on the base of non-closed kinematic chain. Thereby the dynamic peculiarities of their driving actuators are considered. The solution of the task of program motion development was received as a solution of inverse task of kinematics. The modeling issues of investigated manipulators dynamics are resolved and the results were attained. The attained results demonstrate that the application of flat closed mechanisms as the operating device of manipulation robots is promising from the perspective of enhancement of their dynamical peculiarities.