bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the Value of Eye-Tracking Augmented Debriefing in Medical Simulation—A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Braund Heather , Hall Andrew K. , Caners Kyla , Walker Melanie , Dagnone Damon , Sherbino Jonathan , Sibbald Matthew , Wang Bingxian , Howes Daniel , Day Andrew G. , Wu William , Szulewski Adam
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Debriefing after simulation facilitates reflective thinking and learning. Eye-tracking augmented debriefing (ETAD) may provide advantages over traditional debriefing (TD) by leveraging video replay with first-person perspective. This multisite randomized controlled trial compared the impact of ETAD with TD (without eye-tracking and without video) after simulation on 4 outcomes: (1) resident metacognitive awareness (the primary outcome), (2) cognitive load (CL) of residents and debriefers, (3) alignment of resident self-assessment and debriefer assessment scores, and (4) resident and debriefer perceptions of the debriefing experience.

Method

Fifty-four emergency medicine residents from 2 institutions were randomized to the experimental (ETAD) or the control (TD) arm. Residents completed 2 simulation stations followed by debriefing. Before station 1 and after station 2, residents completed a Metacognition Awareness Inventory (MAI). After each station, debriefers and residents rated their CL and completed an assessment of performance. After the stations, residents were interviewed and debriefers participated in a focus group.

Results

There were no statistically significant differences in mean MAI change, resident CL, or assessment alignment between residents and debriefers. Debriefer CL was lower in the experimental arm. Interviews identified 4 themes: (1) reflections related to debriefing approach, (2) eye-tracking as a metacognitive sensitizer, (3) translation of metacognition to practice, and (4) ETAD as a strategy to manage CL. Residents reported that eye tracking improved the specificity of feedback. Debriefers relied less on notes, leveraged video timestamps, appreciated the structure of the eye-tracking video, and found the video useful when debriefing poor performers.

Conclusions

There were no significant quantitative differences in MAI or resident CL scores; qualitative findings suggest that residents appreciated the benefits of the eye-tracking video review. Debriefers expended less CL and reported less perceived mental effort with the new technology. Future research should leverage longitudinal experimental designs to further understand the impact of eye-tracking facilitated debriefing.
Empowering Autistic Youth and Adults to Advocate for Mental Health and Social Connection Goals as they Transition to Adulthood
Authors: Savard Liliane B. , Prelock Patricia A. , Medeiros Stasha , Lodestone Alexandru Zeph
Published: October 2024

Transition to adulthood is difficult for autistic teens. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) can bridge the communication gap that often occurs between autistic youth, their health care providers, and their community. Autistic youth and adults, health care providers, and families were engaged in research discussions to better understand their transition needs from pediatric to primary care. Using qualitative analysis, themes were identified that specifically related to the social connection and mental health needs of autistic youth. Six primary themes emerged, including: (1) helping autistic individuals to feel heard; (2) having providers with more training in autism; (3) having accessible means for communication with new providers; (4) accessing mental health services with autism-informed counseling; (5) educating and empowering autistic youth to advocate for their needs; and (6) facilitating community engagement. Results highlight the importance of neurodiversity-affirming practices for autistic youth and adults. Communication goes both ways and when breakdowns occur, there are usually misunderstandings by both communication partners. As part of an interdisciplinary team, SLPs can facilitate mutual understanding between autistic youth and their non-autistic providers.
Social Story Intervention Through the Neurodiversity Lens
Authors: McCadden Emma Rose
Published: October 2024

The neurodiversity movement is reshaping how we conceptualize neurodevelopmental differences—emphasizing the inherent value of diverse neurological experiences and advocating for meaningful societal inclusion. This article explores the neurodiversity paradigm and considers its implications for the evaluation of social stories intervention based upon metrics that agree with the neurodiversity movement instead of ableist “evidence” of behavioral improvement. Social stories are explained as a strategy aimed at supporting cognition for autistic individuals which respects the autistic experience. Specific guidance is provided for how social stories can be evaluated as a person-centered tool that respects and accommodates individual neurodiversity. Recommendations are made for ways in which to continue to improve and evaluate social story interventions.
Update on management of cerebral venous thrombosis
Authors: Rosa Sara , Fragata Isabel , Aguiar de Sousa Diana
Published: October 2024

Purpose of review

This review intends to systematize the diagnostic and treatment approach to cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT), highlighting key studies that have been recently published.

Recent findings

In light of the recent pandemic, new risk factors for CVT have emerged. Contrast-enhanced MRI and susceptibility-weighted imaging have been shown to offer increased sensitivity for detecting cortical vein thrombosis.

Dabigatran seems to be as effective and well tolerated as warfarin for long-term anticoagulation. Partial venous recanalization often occurs in patients treated with anticoagulation only, as early as 8 days after treatment onset. For patients with CVT and impending brain herniation, two-thirds of those who undergo decompressive craniectomy survive, with one-third being functionally independent 6 months after diagnosis.

CVT is an unusual type of cerebrovascular disease that mostly affects women of fertile age. Risk factors should be identified and addressed. Diagnosis relies on confirmation of venous sinus and/or vein thrombosis, usually by CT venography or MRI. Anticoagulation is the cornerstone of treatment. Despite the lack of high-quality evidence, endovascular treatment is often considered in severe cases. Special populations require tailored approaches. About 80% achieve mRS 0-1, but residual symptoms often affect quality of life and the ability to return to work.
Description of Millerago gen. nov. based on taxogenomic analysis, with two new species, Millerago phaffii f.a., sp. nov. and Millerago galiae f.a., sp. nov.
Authors: García-Acero Angela M. , Batista Thiago M. , Souza Gisele F. L. , Santos Ana Raquel O. , Souza Daniela L. , Franco Glória R. , Velásquez-Lozano Mario E. , Yamamoto Daichi , Toki Wataru , Lachance Marc-André , Rosa Carlos A.
Published: October 2024

An erratum of this article has been published full details can be found at

https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.006591

Four yeast isolates obtained from tree bark and fermenting sap of Quercus spp. and insects in Colombia and Japan were phylogenetically related to Candida galis based on analyses of the sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit rRNA gene. The novel species differs from C. galis by 20 nt substitutions and 5 indels in the D1/D2 sequences. A phylogenomic analysis suggested that these species are related to Candida ficus, the genus Phaffomyces and a small clade containing Barnettozyma botsteinii, Barnettozyma siamensis and Candida montana. Our genomic analyses suggest that the novel species and C. galis should be separated in a novel yeast genus. We propose the genus Millerago gen. nov. to accommodate these species and the species Millerago phaffii f.a., sp. nov. (CBS 18021T; MycoBank MB856172) to accommodate the Colombian and Japanese isolates. The Colombian isolate of M. phaffii differs from the Japanese isolates by three nt substitutions and one indel and two substitutions and one indel in the ITS and D1/D2 sequences, respectively, showing that they were conspecific. We also propose the new species Millerago galiae sp. nov. to validate this species according to the rules of the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants.
Prediction of stroke-associated pneumonia risk in stroke patients based on interpretable machine learning
Authors: Li Chunbiao , Wang Ting , Yuan Juan , Yuan Linli , You Min
Published: October 2024

Background

Stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) is a frequent complication of stroke, characterized by its high incidence rate, and it can have a severe impact on the prognosis of patients. The limitations of current clinical treatment measures underscore the critical need to identify high-risk factors promptly to decrease the incidence of SAP.

Objective

To analyze the risk factors of SAP in stroke patients, construct a predictive model of SAP based on the SHAP interpretable machine learning method, and explain the important variables.

Methods

A total of 763 stroke patients admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from July 1, 2023, to May 31, 2024, were selected and randomly divided into the model training set (n=457) and model validation set (n=306) according to the ratio of 6:4. Firstly, the included data were sorted out, and then Lasso regression was used to screen the included characteristic variables. Based on the tidymodels framework, Using decision tree (DT), logistic regression, extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), support vector machine (SVM), The classification model was constructed by five machine learning methods, including SVM and LightGBM. The grid search and 5-fold cross validation were used to optimize the hyperparameter optimization strategy and the performance index of the model. The predictive performance of the model was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating curve (AUC), calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA), and we used Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) to account for the model predictions and provide interpretable insights.

Results

The incidence of SAP in this study was 31.72% (242/763). Six variables were selected by Lasso regression, including nasogastric tube use, age, ADL score, Alb, Hs-CRP, and Hb. The model with the best performance in the validation set was the XGBoost model, with an AUC of 0.926, an accuracy of 0.914, and an F1 score of 0.889. Its calibration curve and DCA showed good performance. SHAP algorithm showed that ADL score ranked first in importance.

Conclusion

The model constructed using XGBoost has good prediction performance and clinical applicability, which is expected to support clinical decision-making and improve the prognosis of patients.
Dipole-dipole-interacting two-level emitters in a moderately intense laser field
Authors: Bardetski Profirie , Macovei Mihai A.
Published: October 2024

We investigate the resonance fluorescence features of a small ensemble of closely packed and moderately laser-pumped two-level emitters at resonance. The mean distance between any two-level radiators is smaller than the corresponding emission wavelength, such that the dipole-dipole interactions are not negligible. We have found that under the secular approximation, the collective resonance fluorescence spectrum consists of 2N+1 spectral lines, where N is the number of emitters from the sample. The 2N spectral sidebands, symmetrically located around the generalized Rabi frequency with respect to the central line at the laser frequency, are distinguishable if the dipole-dipole coupling strength is larger than the collective spontaneous decay rate. This way, one can estimate the radiators number within the ensemble via measuring of the spontaneously scattered collective resonance fluorescence spectrum. Contrarily, if the dipole-dipole coupling is of the order of or smaller than the cooperative spontaneous decay rate, but still non-negligible, the spectrum turns into a Mollow-like fluorescence spectrum, where the two sidebands' spectral lines broaden proportional to the dipole-dipole coupling strength.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Detection of low-energy electrons with transition-edge sensors
Authors: Pepe Carlo , Corcione Benedetta , Pandolfi Francesco , Garrone Hobey , Monticone Eugenio , Rago Ilaria , Cavoto Gianluca , Apponi Alice , Ruocco Alessandro , Malnati Federico , Serazio Danilo , Rajteri Mauro
Published: October 2024

We present the detection of electrons with kinetic energy in the 100 eV range with transition-edge sensors (TESs). This has been achieved with a (100×100)-μm2 Ti/Au bilayer TES, with a critical temperature of about 84 mK. The electrons are produced directly in the cryostat by an innovative cold source based on field emission from vertically aligned multiwall carbon nanotubes. We obtain a Gaussian energy resolution between 0.8 and 1.8 eV for fully absorbed electrons in the (90–101)eV energy range, which is found to be compatible with the resolution of this same device for photons in the same energy range. This work opens possibilities for high-precision energy measurements of low-energy electrons.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Some lower dimensional quantum field theories reduced from Chern-Simons gauge theories
Authors: Oğuz Burak , Tekin Bayram
Published: October 2024

We study symmetry reductions in the context of Euclidean Chern-Simons gauge theories to obtain lower dimensional field theories. Symmetry reduction in certain gauge theories is a common tool for obtaining explicit soliton solutions. Although pure Chern-Simons theories do not admit solitonic solutions, symmetry reduction still leads to interesting results. We establish relations at the semiclassical regime between pure Chern-Simons theories on S3 and the reduced quantum field theories, based on actions obtained by the symmetry reduction of the Chern-Simons action, spherical symmetry being the prominent one. We also discuss symmetry reductions of Chern-Simons theories on the disk, yielding a topological theory in two dimensions, which signals a curious relationship between symmetry reductions and the boundary conformal field theories. Finally, we study the Chern-Simons-Higgs instantons and show that under certain circumstances, the reduced action can formally be viewed as the action of a supersymmetric quantum mechanical model. We discuss the extent to which the reduced actions have a fermionic nature at the level of the partition function.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Proposal for a Ramsey Neutron-Beam Experiment to Search for Ultralight Axion Dark Matter at the European Spallation Source
Authors: Fierlinger P. , Holl M. , Milstead D. , Santoro V. , Snow W. M. , Stadnik Y. V.
Published: October 2024

High-intensity neutron beams, such as those available at the European Spallation Source (ESS), provide new opportunities for fundamental discoveries. Here, we discuss a novel Ramsey neutron-beam experiment to search for ultralight axion dark matter through its coupling to neutron spins, which would cause the neutron spins to rotate about the velocity of the neutrons relative to the dark matter halo. We estimate that experiments at the HIBEAM beamline with a 50 m free flight path at the ESS can improve the sensitivity to the axion-neutron coupling compared to the current best laboratory limits by up to 2–3 orders of magnitude over the axion mass range 10−22  eV–10−16  eV.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
QCD Predictions for Meson Electromagnetic Form Factors at High Momenta: Testing Factorization in Exclusive Processes
Authors: Ding Heng-Tong , Gao Xiang , Hanlon Andrew D. , Mukherjee Swagato , Petreczky Peter , Shi Qi , Syritsyn Sergey , Zhang Rui , Zhao Yong
Published: October 2024

We report the first lattice QCD computation of pion and kaon electromagnetic form factors, FM(Q2), at large momentum transfer up to 10 and 28  GeV2, respectively. Utilizing physical masses and two fine lattices, we achieve good agreement with JLab experimental results at Q2≲4  GeV2. For Q2≳4  GeV2, our results provide QCD benchmarks for the forthcoming experiments at JLab 12 GeV and future electron-ion colliders. We also test the QCD collinear factorization framework utilizing our high-Q2 form factors at next-to-next-to-leading order in perturbation theory, which relates the form factors to the leading Fock-state meson distribution amplitudes. Comparisons with independent lattice QCD calculations using the same framework demonstrate, within estimated uncertainties, the universality of these nonperturbative quantities.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Anomalous Subkelvin Thermal Frequency Shifts of Ultranarrow Linewidth Solid State Emitters
Authors: Lin X. , Hartman M. T. , Pointard B. , Le Targat R. , Goldner P. , Seidelin S. , Fang B. , Le Coq Y.
Published: October 2024

We investigate the frequency response of narrow spectral holes in a doped crystal structure as a function of temperature below 1 K. We identify a particular regime in which this response significantly deviates from the expected two-phonon Raman scattering theory. Namely, near 290 mK, we observed a behavior exhibiting a temperature-dependent frequency shift of zero to first order. This is of particular interest for applications that require high frequency stability, such as laser frequency stabilization, as by operating the scheme at this specific point would result in the spectral hole frequency being highly immune to temperature fluctuations, providing the potential for a laser fractional frequency instability as low as ∼2×10−22 at 1 s.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Superluminal matter waves
Authors: Palastro J. P. , Ramsey D. , Formanek M. , Vieira J. , Di Piazza A.
Published: October 2024

The Dirac equation has resided among the greatest successes of modern physics since its emergence as the first quantum mechanical theory fully compatible with special relativity. This compatibility ensures that the expectation value of the velocity is less than the vacuum speed of light. Here, we show that the Dirac equation admits free-particle solutions where the peak amplitude of the wave function can travel at any velocity, including those exceeding the vacuum speed of light, despite having a subluminal velocity expectation value. The solutions are constructed by superposing basis functions with correlations in momentum space. These arbitrary velocity wave functions feature a near-constant profile and may impact quantum mechanical processes that are sensitive to the local value of the probability density as opposed to expectation values.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Demonstration of lossy linear transformations and two-photon interference on a photonic chip
Authors: Wang Kai , White Simon J. U. , Szameit Alexander , Sukhorukov Andrey A. , Solntsev Alexander S.
Published: October 2024

Studying quantum correlations in the presence of loss is of critical importance for the physical modeling of real quantum systems. Here, we demonstrate the control of spatial correlations between entangled photons in a photonic chip, designed and modeled using the singular value decomposition approach. We show that engineered loss, using an auxiliary waveguide, allows one to invert the spatial statistics from bunching to antibunching. Furthermore, we study the photon statistics within the loss-emulating channel and observe photon coincidences, which may provide insights into the design of quantum photonic integrated chips.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Postselection Technique for Optical Quantum Key Distribution with Improved de Finetti Reductions
Authors: Nahar Shlok , Tupkary Devashish , Zhao Yuming , Lütkenhaus Norbert , Tan Ernest Y.-Z.
Published: October 2024

The postselection technique is an important proof technique for proving the security of quantum key distribution protocols against coherent attacks via the uplift of any security proof against independent identically distributed collective attacks. In this work, we go through multiple steps to rigorously apply the postselection technique to optical quantum key distribution protocols. First, we place the postselection technique on a rigorous mathematical foundation by fixing a technical flaw in the original postselection paper. Second, we extend the applicability of the postselection technique to prepare-and-measure protocols by using a de Finetti reduction with a fixed marginal. Third, we show how the postselection technique can be used for decoy-state protocols by tagging the source. Finally, we extend the applicability of the postselection technique to realistic optical setups by developing a new variant of the flag-state squasher. We also improve existing de Finetti reductions, which reduce the effect of using the postselection technique on the key rate. These improvements can be more generally applied to other quantum information processing tasks. As an example to demonstrate the applicability of our work, we apply our results to the time-bin-encoded three-state protocol. We observe that the postselection technique performs better than all other known proof techniques against coherent attacks.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Multi-scale and time-resolved structure analysis of relaxor ferroelectric crystals under an electric field
Authors: Aoyagi Shinobu
Published: October 2024

Lead-based relaxor ferroelectrics exhibit giant piezoelectric properties owing to their heterogeneous structures. The average and local structures measured by single-crystal X-ray diffraction under DC and AC electric fields are reviewed in this article. The position-dependent local lattice strain and the distribution of polar nanodomains and nanoregions show strong electric field dependence, which contributes to the giant piezoelectric properties.
Correlative X-ray micro-nanotomography with scanning electron microscopy at the Advanced Light Source
Authors: Bhattacharjee Arun J. , Lisabeth Harrison P. , Parkinson Dilworth , MacDowell Alastair
Published: October 2024

Geological samples are inherently multi-scale. Understanding their bulk physical and chemical properties requires characterization down to the nano-scale. A powerful technique to study the three-dimensional microstructure is X-ray tomography, but it lacks information about the chemistry of samples. To develop a methodology for measuring the multi-scale 3D microstructure of geological samples, correlative X-ray micro- and nanotomography were performed on two rocks followed by scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) analysis. The study was performed in five steps: (i) micro X-ray tomography was performed on rock sample cores, (ii) samples for nanotomography were prepared using laser milling, (iii) nanotomography was performed on the milled sub-samples, (iv) samples were mounted and polished for SEM analysis and (v) SEM imaging and compositional mapping was performed on micro and nanotomography samples for complimentary information. Correlative study performed on samples of serpentine and basalt revealed multiscale 3D structures involving both solid mineral phases and pore networks. Significant differences in the volume fraction of pores and mineral phases were also observed dependent on the imaging spatial resolution employed. This highlights the necessity for the application of such a multiscale approach for the characterization of complex aggregates such as rocks. Information acquired from the chemical mapping of different phases was also helpful in segmentation of phases that did not exhibit significant contrast in X-ray imaging. Adoption of the protocol used in this study can be broadly applied to 3D imaging studies being performed at the Advanced Light Source and other user facilities.
Investigating factors influencing AI customer service adoption: an integrated model of stimulus–organism–response (SOR) and task-technology fit (TTF) theory
Authors: Vafaei-Zadeh Ali , Nikbin Davoud , Wong Shin Ling , Hanifah Haniruzila
Published: October 2024

Purpose

Artificial intelligence (AI) customer service has grown rapidly in recent years due to the emergence of COVID-19 and the growth of the e-commerce industry. Therefore, this study employs the integration of the stimuli–organism–response (SOR) and the task-technology fit (TTF) frameworks to understand the factors that affect individuals’ intentions towards AI customer service adoption in Malaysia.

Design/methodology/approach

The study utilised a survey-based research approach to investigate the factors that affect individuals’ intentions towards AI customer service adoption in Malaysia. The data were collected by conducting an online survey targeting individuals aged 18 or above who had prior customer service interaction experience with human service agents but had not yet adopted AI customer service. A sample of 339 respondents was used to evaluate the hypotheses, adopting partial least squares structural equation modelling as a symmetric analytic technique.

Findings

The PLS-SEM analysis revealed that social influence and anthropomorphism have a positive direct relationship with emotional trust. Furthermore, communicative competence, technology characteristics and perceived intelligence were positively correlated with TTF. Moreover, emotional trust significantly impacts AI customer service adoption. In addition, AI readiness positively moderates the association between task technology fit and AI customer service adoption.

Practical implications

The study provides insights to individuals, organisations, the government and educational institutions to improve the features of AI customer service and its development in Malaysia.

Originality/value

The originality of this study is found in its adoption of the SOR theory and TTF to understand the factors affecting AI customer service adoption. Additionally, it incorporates moderating variables during the analysis, adding depth to the findings. This approach introduces a new perspective on the factors that impact the adoption of AI customer service and offers valuable insights for practitioners seeking to formulate effective strategies to promote its adoption.
Decoding the impact of political uncertainty on IPO underpricing in China
Authors: Xie Yamin , Li Zhichao , Ouyang Wenjing , Wang Hongxia
Published: October 2024

Purpose

Political factors play a crucial role in China's initial public offering (IPO) market due to its distinctive institutional context (i.e. “economic decentralization” and “political centralization”). Given the significant level of IPO underpricing in China, we examine the impact of local political uncertainty (measured by prefecture-level city official turnover rate) on IPO underpricing.

Design/methodology/approach

Using 2,259 IPOs of A-share listed companies from 2001 to 2019, we employ a structural equation model (SEM) to examine the channel (voluntarily lower the issuance price vs aftermarket trading) through which political uncertainty affects IPO underpricing. We check the robustness of the results using bootstrap tests, adopting alternative proxies for political uncertainty and IPO underpricing and employing subsample analysis.

Findings

Local official turnover-induced political uncertainty increases IPO underpricing by IPO firms voluntarily reducing the issuance price rather than by affecting investor sentiment in aftermarket trading. These relations are stronger in firms with pre-IPO political connections. The effect of political uncertainty on IPO underpricing is also contingent upon the industry and the growth phase of an IPO firm, more pronounced in politically sensitive industries and firms listed on the growth enterprise market board.

Originality/value

Local government officials in China usually have a short tenure and Chinese firms witness significantly severe IPO underpricing. By introducing the SEM model in studying China IPO underpricing, this study identifies the channel through which local government official turnover to political uncertainty on IPO underpricing.
Creating enhanced work environments for global virtual teams: using CQ as the strongest link in the team
Authors: Balbinot Zandra , Farrell Wendy , Johnson William H.A. , Pissaris Seema , Cohen Eric David , Chun Jiang , Taras Vas
Published: October 2024

Purpose

This study investigates how the maximum cultural intelligence (Max CQ) within a team – defined as the highest cultural intelligence level of an individual member – affects intra-team communication, conflict dynamics and, ultimately, team satisfaction and performance in global virtual teams (GVTs).

Design/methodology/approach

Utilizing quantitative research methods, this investigation draws on a dataset comprising 3,385 participants, which forms a total of 686 GVTs.

Findings

The study reveals that MaxCQ significantly enhances team communication, which in turn mitigates conflict, increases satisfaction and improves performance. It is noteworthy that the influence of MaxCQ on GVT success is more significant than the average cultural intelligence (CQ) of team members, providing critical insights for effective GVT management strategies.

Practical implications

The findings suggest that managers may optimize team dynamics not by uniformly increasing each member’s CQ but by concentrating on maximizing the CQ of one individual who can act as an influencer within the team. Strategically placing individuals with high CQ in GVTs can enhance overall team function.

Originality/value

While existing literature primarily examines the individual effects of CQ on communication and conflict management, this study sheds light on the collective interplay between MaxCQ, communication and conflict. It highlights the importance of MaxCQ, along with the frequency of team communication and conflict, in influencing team satisfaction and performance in GVTs.
Green Logistics 5.0: a review of sustainability-oriented innovation with foundation models in logistics
Authors: Nicoletti Bernardo , Appolloni Andrea
Published: October 2024

Purpose

The paper uses foundation models to integrate the green approach in Logistics 5.0. Such integration is innovative in logistics and leads to a more sustainable and prosperous future. By harnessing the power of foundation models and incorporating sustainable principles, this paper can systematize the logistics industry’s environmental framework, increase its social responsibility and ensure its long-term economic viability.

Design/methodology/approach

Generalizing environmental sustainability goals requires a multi-layered innovation approach incorporating corporate philosophy, products, processes and business models. In this paper, this comprehensive approach is not just a strategy but a necessity in the current global context. This paper uses the sustainability-oriented innovation (SOI) method, crucial for achieving explicit environmental, social and economic impacts.

Findings

Artificial intelligence, especially foundation models, can contribute to green logistics by optimizing routes, reducing packaging waste, improving warehouse layouts and other functions presented in the paper. At the same time, they can also consider social, economic and governance goals.

Research limitations/implications

Artificial intelligence algorithms present challenges such as high initial investment, regulatory compliance and technological integration.

Practical implications

The paper contains implications for developing environmentally sustainable logistics, which is currently one of the most significant challenges. The framework presented can apply to logistics companies.

Originality/value

This paper fulfills an identified need to study sustainability in logistics. The framework is entirely original and not present in the literature. It is essential to help design and implement innovative logistics approaches.
Do higher public and private debt levels benefit the wealthy? An empirical analysis of top wealth shares in the UK
Authors: De Vita Glauco , Luo Yun , Kyaw K. Sandar , Li Kexing
Published: October 2024

Purpose

Despite the concomitant rise in recent decades in both debt levels (public as well as private) and wealth inequality, empirical evidence on the relationship is absent in existing literature. This is striking especially since recent theoretical contributions point to a link between debt and wealth inequality. We contribute to the debate by investigating empirically whether higher levels of UK public and household debt increase the UK wealth concentration at the top 1 and 10% of the wealth distribution.

Design/methodology/approach

We employ the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) cointegration approach with UK time series data from 1970 to 2019. For robustness, a further analysis using panel data fixed effects estimation on a cross-country sample that also includes France and the USA is undertaken. We also use bootstrapping to conservatively estimate statistical significance.

Findings

Higher levels of public and household debt are found to increase wealth concentration at the top 1 and 10%. The effect is stronger for household debt. Fixed effects estimation on a cross-country dataset supports the results for the UK.

Originality/value

This study is the first to investigate empirically whether rising levels of UK public and household debt benefit the wealthy and thus widen the gap between the “haves” and “have-nots”.
The mutual influence between entrepreneurial marketing and causal and effectual entrepreneurship: an empirical study in an emerging and developing economy
Authors: Capeli Carla Marieli Delmiro , Corrêa Victor Silva , Shigaki Helena Belintani , Melo Pedro Lucas de Resende
Published: October 2024

Purpose

Entrepreneurial marketing (EM) literature has evolved recently, but more understanding is needed on how the seven dimensions of EM impact causal and effectual entrepreneurial behavior and, similarly, how entrepreneurial behavior influences the results of all dimensions of the EM construct. This study investigates the association and mutual influence between EM and entrepreneurship.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses a qualitative strategy, addressing gaps due to its low incidence and employs theoretical replication, which is practically unexplored. It investigates two cases in Brazil: small companies (eight cases selected by literal replication) and a structured network of companies (one case selected by theoretical replication), predicting a positive influence of EM in the first case and a negative or neutral influence in the second.

Findings

The influence of EM on entrepreneurship is context-dependent and varies according to the empirical object. In turn, the impact of entrepreneurship on the results of the EM dimensions is more stable, primarily causal and varies slightly between structures.

Originality/value

First, by studying how the dimensions of EM impact causal/effectual behavior, this study broadens the understanding of the area, which was previously focused on only a few dimensions. Second, by investigating the impact of entrepreneurship on EM outcomes, this study sheds light on the influence of and differences in causal/effectual behavior in each of the seven dimensions. Finally, it extends the understanding of EM and entrepreneurship in small businesses and a structured network by identifying similarities and distinctions hitherto unexplored.
Relationship between authentic leadership, service quality, organizational commitment and work engagement: testing a moderated mediation model
Authors: Changar Mustafa , Sesen Harun
Published: October 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this research is to determine how and why authentic leadership affects service quality. For this aim, a conceptual model comprising authentic leadership, service quality, organizational commitment and work engagement has been proposed.

Design/methodology/approach

Private sector employees from various sectors in North Cyprus were targeted for this research. Through convenience sampling, we collected 298 responses at Time 1 and 265 responses at Time 2. After data cleaning, the total responses available for analysis were 258 (the response rate is 72%). The five-step strategy was applied for translation, and the data were analyzed using IBM AMOS 21.0.

Findings

Findings show authentic leadership influences service quality directly and indirectly through organizational commitment. Moreover, work engagement has a moderated mediation position in this relationship.

Originality/value

The research model is a new attempt in the literature and contributes to leadership research by testing the effects of authentic leadership on service quality through the moderated mediation effect of work engagement.
Thailand’s Kra Canal: economic feasibility and expert perspectives on its complexity
Authors: Tseng Po-Hsing , Pilcher Nick
Published: October 2024

Purpose

Asia is one of the most important economic regions of the world. The Kra Canal is considered as a potential maritime transportation node in global trade. Indeed, for centuries, a canal across the Kra isthmus in Thailand has been proposed as holding significant economic and logistical benefits through goods transfer and exchange, yet it remains unconstructed. Common tools in feasibility studies are PESTELE and SWOT analyses, which incorporate cost-benefit and value analyses. The purpose of this paper is to assess the feasibility of the Kra Canal using approaches to complement existing studies.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, we combine quantitative and qualitative methodologies to holistically assess the feasibility of the Kra Canal. Quantitatively, we consider the economic feasibility of the canal using Net Present Value to evaluate its potential financial benefits. Qualitatively, we then present expert perspectives gathered from in-depth interviews with field experts (n = 20) to identify key aspects of complexity related to the economic, political and overall feasibility of the canal.

Findings

We discuss the possibility of the canal’s construction and describe possible future impacts the canal could have on the region geopolitically, for example, in its role in China’s One Belt One Road initiative and also in how Singapore and Tanjung Pelapas in Malaysia might react. Ultimately, we find significant complexities with the Kra Canal project, ones which anyone contemplating its construction would, we argue, be wise to consider.

Originality/value

This paper combined qualitative and quantitative methods to explore the economic, political and overall feasibility of the Kra Canal. The methodologies and findings supplement past relevant studies and help evaluate the economic, political and overall feasibility of the Kra Canal’s investment project. This is particularly timely considering its potential ability as a route given recent geopolitical events and, for example, as part of China’s Belt and Road initiative and its ability to reduce carbon and sulphur emissions.
Revealing the hidden wealth in healthcare: an empirical study of intellectual capital disclosure in leading global hospitals
Authors: Marrone Arcangelo , L'Abate Vitiana , Raimo Nicola , Vitolla Filippo
Published: October 2024

Purpose

Under the lens of stakeholder theory, this study aims to explore the dissemination of intellectual capital (IC) information within the healthcare sector. Specifically, the primary objective is to investigate the extent of IC disclosure (ICD) among leading global hospitals and its underlying determinants.

Design/methodology/approach

This study conducts a manual content analysis of the official websites of 175 leading global hospitals, selected based on The World’s Best Hospitals 2022, and uses a linear regression model to test the research hypotheses.

Findings

The empirical results underscore an adequate dissemination of IC information by leading global hospitals through their official websites. Moreover, they reveal a positive association between hospital complexity, public status, and online visibility with the extent of IC information disclosed.

Originality/value

This study represents a pioneering contribution to the examination of determinants influencing online ICD within a global hospital context. It significantly enhances the existing literature on ICD and offers valuable practical implications.
Revealing consumption behaviors in the sharing economy: what leads consumers to replace traditional channels?
Authors: Cappa Francesco , Ardito Lorenzo , Messeni Petruzzelli Antonio , Peruffo Enzo
Published: October 2024

Purpose

Advances in information technology and the increasing digitalization of the general public have favored the growth of the sharing economy. The sharing economy is based on transactions of idle resources between individuals to satisfy cogent needs. Notwithstanding the great interest in this emerging phenomenon, it is still not clear which factors are driving the shift in consumer consumption behavior from the traditional economy toward this new economic model. Grounded in self-determination theory, we contend that what is needed is a holistic approach that considers the three elements involved in sharing economy transactions, namely (1) consumer motivations, (2) web-based platforms and (3) types of assets exchanged.

Design/methodology/approach

To conduct our study, we used the Flash Eurobarometer 467 database titled “The Use of the Collaborative Economy,” collected by the European Union with Flash Eurobarometer datasets and openly available to the public. Consequently, our study aims to provide results based on a large-scale quantitative analysis involving a large number of individuals and multiple sectors.

Findings

Our findings provide empirical evidence of the positive effects of the shift in consumption behavior toward the sharing economy brought about by (1) consumers’ intrinsic motivations, (2) the quality of the platform and (3) the human asset-based categories of products offered.

Originality/value

This research seeks to advance understanding of the factors that facilitate the adoption of the sharing economy, and we provide managers and policymakers with suggestions regarding the factors they may leverage to further favor the spread of this economic model.
Ecolabelling: a meta-analytic structural equation modelling approach
Authors: Vinoi Nivin , Vishwakarma Pankaj
Published: October 2024

Purpose

Researchers have devoted considerable attention to ecolabel products and their purchase intention. However, empirical research often presents relatively unpredictable and uneven results. Thus, the relationship between the antecedents and outcome variables among ecolabelling studies, such as purchase intention, remains ambiguous. To address this gap in the literature, this study combines the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) and Stimulus, Organism, Response (SOR) theory within a meta-analytic framework, consolidating existing literature on the purchase intention of eco-labelled products to analyse concrete relationships between antecedents and purchase intention.

Design/methodology/approach

We conducted a comprehensive analysis of 37 studies and a total sample size of 16,672 participants. The analysis employed a MASEM technique, and the findings of the analysis offer empirical support for the significance of all the proposed relationships within the provided conceptual framework.

Findings

The results revealed that environmental advertising significantly impacts green attitude and later substantially influences consumers' intention to make environmentally conscious purchases. The present study also has examined the potential inclusion of different recommended moderators, such as time period and sample size.

Research limitations/implications

The current study focuses on core variables consistently utilized in previous research. Apart from these, additional variables have also been considered in the ecolabelling literature but have not been included in the scope of this study. Future research endeavours may incorporate additional moderators, such as cultural differences and gender dominance, to further enhance the understanding of the subject matter.

Originality/value

Notably, it stands out as one of the initial meta-analyses on ecolabelling, which also incorporated the examination of several moderators.
Effect of institute and LMS service quality on HEI Brand Equity: an empirical investigation
Authors: Mishra Rashmi , Mishra Abhishek , Tiwari Veenus , Jain Rajendra Kumar
Published: October 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the education service quality factors, for online education context, that drive the brand equity of a higher education institute. In the times of emerging online education programmes by otherwise traditional institutes, assessing the service quality of educational institutions and its effect on the institute’s brand represents an extant research gap.

Design/methodology/approach

This study addresses the gap by empirically measuring higher education institution (HEI) service quality and explores its impact on student engagement, satisfaction and brand equity. This research analyses structured data from 250 students, through partial least squares-based structural equation modelling, to test the proposed hypotheses.

Findings

Within the overall service quality of an HEI, all components of institutional service quality are found to affect student engagement strongly; however, only some dimensions of learning management system service quality do. Student engagement is found to positively impact student satisfaction which, in turn, strongly affects all elements of HEI brand equity.

Originality/value

This study adds value to the extant research in higher education service quality by adding a layer of online platform service quality and offers actionable insights for HEI administrators.