bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of discharge mode transition of air plasma under pulsed and sinusoidal excitations
Authors: Zhu Zhaozheng , Zhang Mingyan , Wang Luge , Zhang Jingye , Luo Santu , Wang Zifeng , Guo Li , Liu Zhijie , Liu Dingxin , Rong Mingzhe
Published: May 2023

The transition from O3 to NO
x
discharge mode is common for air plasma with an increase of discharge power density, which greatly changes the chemistry of the plasma as well as its application effect. Although this discharge mode transition has been intensively studied in recent years, differences between plasmas subject to pulsed or sinusoidal excitations have rarely been reported on. In this study, a surface dielectric barrier discharge is excited using either a microsecond pulsed voltage or a sinusoidal voltage. The discharge mode transition of these two excitations is then comparatively studied. The results indicate that pulsed excitation produces more O3 in O3 mode discharge; the O3 concentration for pulsed excitation is 27.7% higher than that for sinusoidal excitation at the same power density of P = 0.08 W cm−2. On the contrary, it produces less NO and NO2 in NO
x
mode discharge; the NO concentration for pulsed excitation is 13.2% lower than that for sinusoidal excitation at P = 0.32 W cm−2. As a result, pulsed excitation delays the transition of the discharge mode when the discharge power density increases. This can be attributed to the higher electron and lower gas temperature of the pulse-excited plasma, which promotes O3 and inhibits NO
x
production.
Research on the surface crack detection of specimen manufactured by selective laser melting based on local singular value decomposition method
Authors: Yang Huadong , Ma Geng , Wang Hui , Chen Jiaming , Xu Xiaodong
Published: May 2023

SLM (selective laser melting) is an important additive manufacturing technology. Parts with complex structures can be produced by SLM, so surface cracks and other defects within SLM parts are difficult to be identified by traditional nondestructive testing techniques. In this paper, laser ultrasonic technology is proposed to identify the surface crack of SLM specimen. Because of the anisotropy and residual stress of the specimen, the time signal is strongly interfered with by noise, which makes the identification and location of the crack difficult. To solve this problem, the phase space was reconstructed from the time signal and analyzed by the local singular value decomposition method. According to the result of the experiment, this method can reveal the variation of the phase space and has a good effect on the identification and location of the surface crack whose depth is larger than 1 mm.
Quenched decay of correlations for nonuniformly hyperbolic random maps with an ergodic driving system
Authors: Alves José F , Bahsoun Wael , Ruziboev Marks , Varandas Paulo
Published: May 2023

In this article we study random tower maps driven by anergodicautomorphism. We prove quenched exponential correlations decay for tower maps admitting exponential tails. Our technique is based on constructing suitable cones of functions, defined on the random towers, which contract with respect to the Hilbert metric under the action of appropriate transfer operators. We apply our results to obtain quenched exponential correlations decay for severalnon-iidrandom dynamical systems including small random perturbations of Lorenz maps and Axiom A attractors.
Soft electroadhesive grippers with variable stiffness and deflection motion capabilities
Authors: Xiang Chaoqun , Li Zhiwei , Luo Xuan , Huang Cheng , Guan Yisheng
Published: May 2023

Soft gripper robots provide superior safety, adaptability, and compliance compared to rigid robots. However, soft grippers must address inadequate stiffness and interference resistance. Soft pneumatic electroadhesion (EA) grippers with variable stiffness are potential options for addressing these difficulties. In this paper, we present a soft bionic gripper (SOBG) that resembles human finger movements, such as bending and deflection, employing pneumatic actuation, and whose stiffness is effectively decoupled from its position through a layer jamming-induced variable stiffness structure. By applying electroadhesive forces, the SOBG can perform complex motion tasks that would typically require a wrist joint, making them simpler to perform than with conventional flexible grippers. In addition, the SOBG can perform one-finger object manipulation to grasp flat, concave, and convex objects. To show the potential for more complex robotic applications, we evaluated each function independently by presenting a demonstration of cap-screwing, a material handling system, and an anti-interference research. The SOBG concept and solution proposed in this study may pave the way for the easy integration of EA into soft robotic systems and promote the wider use of EA technology.
HPSA: a high-performance smart aggregate for concrete structural health monitoring based on acoustic impedance matching method
Authors: Li Xiuquan , Chen Lin , Chen Hongbing , Kong Qingzhao
Published: May 2023

Piezoceramic-based ultrasonic transducers have demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of functioning as smart aggregates (SAs) to detect damages for concrete structures in laboratory-sized structural members. The restriction of its further engineering application is the limited propagation distance due to the large energy loss during wave transmission. Aiming to reduce the energy loss of piezoceramic-based sensors, the authors proposed a high-performance piezoceramic-enabled SA based on acoustic impedance matching principle. The main contribution to the performance enhancement comes from the proposed surface treatment of the lead zirconate titanate patch and acoustic impedance matching layer. Comparative experiments with commercial SAs validate the improved performance. Besides, a field test with different wave propagation distances fully illustrates the perspective of the proposed superior transducer in large infrastructure engineering applications.
Significant improvement of the lower critical field in Y doped Nb: potential replacement of basic material for the radio-frequency superconducting cavity
Authors: Xie Wei , Liu Yu-Hao , Fan Xinwei , Wen Hai-Hu
Published: May 2023

The research of high energy and nuclear physics requires high power accelerators, and the superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavity is regarded as their engine. Up to now, the widely used practical and effective material for making the SRF cavity is pure Nb. The key parameter that governs the efficiency and the accelerating field (E
acc) of a SRF cavity is the lower critical field H
c1. Here, we report a significant improvement of H
c1 for a new type of alloy, Nb1−x
Y
x
fabricated by the arc melting technique. Experimental investigations with multiple tools including x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, resistivity and magnetization are carried out, showing that the samples have good quality and a 30%–60% enhancement of H
c1. First principle calculations indicate that this improvement is induced by the delicate tuning of a Lifshitz transition of a Nb derivative band near the Fermi energy, which increases the Ginzburg–Landau parameter and H
c1. Our results may trigger a replacement of the basic material and thus a potential revolution for manufacturing the SRF cavity.
Pulsatory patterns in active viscoelastic fluids with distinct relaxation time scales
Authors: de Kinkelder E M , Fischer-Friedrich E , Aland S
Published: May 2023

Developing tissues need to pattern themselves in space and time. A prevalent mechanism to achieve this are pulsatile active stresses generated by the actin cytoskeleton. Active gel theory is a powerful tool to model the dynamics of cytoskeletal pattern formation. In theoretical models, the influence of the viscoelastic nature of the actin cytoskeleton has so far only been investigated by the incorporation of one viscoelastic relaxation time scale. Here, using a minimal model of active gel theory, we show that distinct shear and areal relaxation times are sufficient to drive pulsatile dynamics in active surfaces with only a single molecular regulator.
Viscoelectric effect analysis in an electroosmotic flow with microchannel wall slip
Authors: Ramos Edgar A , Monsivais Ian G , Méndez Federico , Lizardi José J
Published: May 2023

In the present work, we developed a numerical analysis for an electroosmotic flow circulating in a rectangular microchannel considering electrolyte viscosity as a function of the induced electric field; which is also reflected in the slip condition imposed on the system walls, since the slip length is a function of the fluid viscosity. It should be clarified this is an entirely hydrodynamic problem, and for this reason there are no induced pressure gradients, because we are in the presence of a purely electroosmotic flow, where the fluid motion is due only to electrokinetic forces. Based on these comments, the problem is centered on high induced potentials, enabling viscoelectric effect analysis in the electroosmotic flow, which leads to significant increases in velocity and volumetric flow profiles compared to the case where the viscosity is a constant and there is no slip condition. Due to analytical analysis limitations, we implemented a dimensionless equation scheme defined by the continuity equation, the momentum equations in the x and y direction, the Poisson-Boltzmann equation, and the charge conservation equation to obtain the velocity and volumetric flow rate profiles mentioned above. This model is described in its variational form in order to implement the finite element technique using free software, FreeFem++. The results obtained show how the viscoelectric effect is relevant when working with high induced potentials; that is, for values of

ζ

¯

>
1

, when the dimensionless viscoelectric parameter

f

¯

increases, there is a significant decrease in the velocity profiles u, a situation that is not observed when

ζ

¯

≤
1

, where there are low induced potentials, and for this reason, as the dimensionless parameter

f

¯

increases, the velocity profiles remain constant. This condition is preserved for different values of the slip length

δ

¯

.
Revealing the formation process of extra capacitance in Fe3O4/Li batteries with the first-principles study
Authors: Zhou Min , Shen Yanqing , Liu JiaJia , Lv LingLing , Zhang Yu , Meng Xianghui , Yang Xin , Zhang Bing , Zhou Zhongxiang
Published: May 2023

The formation of extra capacitance in Fe3O4/Li batteries can be comprehended by utilizing the in situ magnetometry method. Nevertheless, the precise mechanism behind this phenomenon remains elusive. In this study, we adopt Li
x
O8/Fe to investigate the formation process of extra capacitance in Fe3O4/Li batteries from a microscopic and quantitative viewpoint. The Fe0 atoms exhibit an enhanced capability to store extra charge during the Li16O8/Fe process, and has significantly contributes to the magnetization of the batteries. Furthermore, we provide an accurate description of the process from the storage of excess electrons to the formation of polymer films. The outcomes of our research could potentially facilitate better control over the generation of additional capacitance.
Geometries and electronic structures of Zr
n
Cu (n = 2–12) clusters: A joint machine-learning potential density functional theory investigation
Authors: Wang 王 Yizhi 一志 , Cui 崔 Xiuhua 秀花 , Liu 刘 Jing 静 , Jing 井 Qun 群 , Duan 段 Haiming 海明 , Cao 曹 Haibin 海宾
Published: May 2023

Zr-based amorphous alloys have attracted extensive attention because of their large glassy formation ability, wide supercooled liquid region, high elasticity, and unique mechanical strength induced by their icosahedral local structures. To determine the microstructures of Zr–Cu clusters, the stable and metastable geometry of Zr
n
Cu (n = 2–12) clusters are screened out via the CALYPSO method using machine-learning potentials, and then the electronic structures are investigated using density functional theory. The results show that the Zr
n
Cu (n ≥ 3) clusters possess three-dimensional geometries, Zr
n
Cu (n ≥ 9) possess cage-like geometries, and the Zr12Cu cluster has icosahedral geometry. The binding energy per atom gradually gets enlarged with the increase in the size of the clusters, and Zr
n
Cu (n = 5, 7, 9, 12) have relatively better stability than their neighbors. The magnetic moment of most Zr
n
Cu clusters is just 1μ
B, and the main components of the highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMOs) in the Zr12Cu cluster come from the Zr-d state. There are hardly any localized two-center bonds, and there are about 20 σ-type delocalized three-center bonds.
Squeezed state generation using cryogenic InP HEMT nonlinearity
Authors: Salmanogli Ahmad
Published: May 2023

This study focuses on generating and manipulating squeezed states with two external oscillators coupled by an InP HEMT operating at cryogenic temperatures. First, the small-signal nonlinear model of the transistor at high frequency at 5 K is analyzed using quantum theory, and the related Lagrangian is theoretically derived. Subsequently, the total quantum Hamiltonian of the system is derived using Legendre transformation. The Hamiltonian of the system includes linear and nonlinear terms by which the effects on the time evolution of the states are studied. The main result shows that the squeezed state can be generated owing to the transistor’s nonlinearity; more importantly, it can be manipulated by some specific terms introduced in the nonlinear Hamiltonian. In fact, the nonlinearity of the transistors induces some effects, such as capacitance, inductance, and second-order transconductance, by which the properties of the external oscillators are changed. These changes may lead to squeezing or manipulating the parameters related to squeezing in the oscillators. In addition, it is theoretically derived that the circuit can generate two-mode squeezing. Finally, second-order correlation (photon counting statistics) is studied, and the results demonstrate that the designed circuit exhibits antibunching, where the quadrature operator shows squeezing behavior.
MHD simulations of formation, sustainment and loss of quiescent H-mode in the all-tungsten ASDEX Upgrade
Authors: Meier Lorenz , Hoelzl Matthias , Cathey Andres , Huijsmans Guido , Viezzer Eleonora , Dunne Mike , van Dijk Jan , Cruz Zabala Diego José , Lackner Karl , Günter Sibylle
Published: May 2023

Periodic edge localized modes (ELMs) are the non-linear consequences of pressure-gradient-driven ballooning modes and current-driven peeling modes becoming unstable in the pedestal region of high confinement fusion plasmas. In future tokamaks like ITER, large ELMs are foreseen to severely affect the lifetime of wall components as they transiently deposit large amounts of heat onto a narrow region at the divertor targets. Several strategies exist for avoidance, suppression, or mitigation of these instabilities, such as the naturally ELM-free quiescent H-mode (QH-mode). In the present article, an ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) equilibrium that features a QH-mode is investigated through non-linear extended magneto-hydrodynamic simulations covering the dynamics over tens of milliseconds. The equilibrium is close to the ideal peeling limit and non-linearly develops saturated modes at the edge of the plasma. A dominant toroidal mode number of n = 1 is found, for which the characteristic features of the edge harmonic oscillation are recovered. The saturated modes contribute to heat and particle transport preventing pedestal build-up to the ELM triggering threshold. The non-linear dynamics of the mode, in particular its interaction with the evolution of the edge safety factor, are studied, and suggest a possible new saturation mechanism for the QH-mode. The simulations show good qualitative and quantitative agreement with experiments in AUG. In particular, the processes leading to the termination of QH-mode above a density threshold are studied, which results in the transition into an ELM regime. In the vicinity of this threshold, limit cycle oscillations are observed.
Comparison of core Ar17+ and Mo32+ toroidal rotation in C-Mod plasmas
Authors: Rice J.E. , Angioni C. , Cao N.M. , Reinke M.L.
Published: May 2023

Core (r/a 

<

 0.5) toroidal rotation from argon (Ar17+, 40 AMU) and molybdenum (Mo32+, 96 AMU) ions has been compared in C-Mod tokamak plasmas over a wide range of operating conditions and confinement schemes, including Ohmic L-mode in the linear and saturated regimes, ion cyclotron range of frequencies heated I-mode and H-mode, as well as in discharges with induced locked modes and with external current and rotation drive. In all cases the velocities of the two impurities are identical within about 5%, for a range between −60 and +80 km s−1. This is in general agreement with the predictions of neo-classical theory.
Pose-aware Multi-position Feature Network for Driver Distraction Recognition
Authors: Li Shaofan , Mokhtarzadeh Amir Ali , Gao Han , Zhang Yingying
Published: May 2023

This paper introduce pose-aware multi-position feature network for driver distraction recognition, taking into account the high association between the visual and geometric features of neighboring human key points. This method first uses the object detector to detect the driver’s body, and then uses the pose estimation to detect the key points of the human body. Finally, the key points of the human body are deconstructed to obtain key visual features and spatial features.In order to create the visual representation that corresponds to each key point, all the chosen visual representations are sent into a convolutional neural network. The geometric locations of key points on the upper body are used to build the spatial reasoning module, which is then transmitted to the neural network to get spatial features. The visual appearance features are fused with geometric features to predict corresponding driver action through linear layers.The experimental result shows that our methods achieve comparative performance on our own HY Large Vehicle Driver Dataset and the public AUC Driver Distracted Dataset.
Integration of phase change thermal storage system with vertical solar Chimney In Greenhouse
Authors: Fu Cheng fang , Lu Mingxu , Zhao Bo
Published: May 2023

The performance stability of the system can be improved by incorporating a solar chimney with a phase-change material (PCM). It is recommended that instead of using the traditional multi-curved trough air collectors for solar greenhouses, a solar phase change thermal storage wall construction system with vertical air channels be employed. Solar thermal utilization of the rear wall. In order to verify feasibility of the construction system, a multi-curved trough air collector test system for solar greenhouse and a phase-change heat storage wall test system with vertical air channels were built respectively. The air velocity in the heater, the air flow parameters (air velocity, air channel spacing, air flow direction) in the sensible heat storage wall layer in the solar greenhouse, etc. The study’s findings indicate that the collector performs at its peak level of total heat absorption when its air velocity is between 1.4 and 1.8 m/s, and that heat absorption rises as solar radiation intensity rises. The suggested system design orientation offers an efficient way to raise the thermal performance of the system with the least amount of work and expense for practical applications.
On the feasibility of future colliders: report of the Snowmass'21 Implementation Task Force
Authors: Roser Thomas , Brinkmann Reinhard , Cousineau Sarah , Denisov Dmitri , Gessner Spencer , Gourlay Steve , Lebrun Philippe , Narain Meenakshi , Oide Katsunobu , Raubenheimer Tor , Seeman John , Shiltsev Vladimir , Strait Jim , Turner Marlene , Wang Lian-Tao
Published: May 2023

Colliders are essential research tools for particle
physics. Numerous future collider proposal were discussed in the
course of the US high energy physics community strategic planning
exercise Snowmass'21. The Implementation Task Force (ITF) has
been established to evaluate the proposed future accelerator
projects for performance, technology readiness, schedule, cost, and
environmental impact. Corresponding metrics has been developed for
uniform comparison of the proposals ranging from Higgs/EW factories
to multi-TeV lepton, hadron and ep collider facilities, based on
traditional and advanced acceleration technologies. This article
describes the metrics and approaches, and presents evaluations of
future colliders performed by the ITF.
Effect of data normalisation in estimating wave overtopping discharge parameter of semicircular breakwater using ANN and Random Forest.
Authors: Shankara Krishna A , Mane Vishwanath , Rao Subba , Manu
Published: May 2023

Breakwaters are the structures constructed in the coastal areas to maintain calm inside the port or prevent beach erosion. Semi-circular Breakwater (SCB) is an innovative type of Breakwater made of hollow caisson on a base slab with or without perforations. In this study, the wave overtopping discharge parameter of an SCB is estimated using Artificial Neural Network and Random Forest. The data is collected and used in the current research from an experimental investigation conducted in the Wave Mechanics Laboratory of the Department of Water Resources and Ocean Engineering (WROE), NITK Surathkal. Using this experimental data, the ANN and Random Forest models are developed for the prediction of the wave overtopping discharge parameter of an SCB. The performance of the models is evaluated using different statistical parameters. Data with and without normalisation are used separately to check the effect of normalisation in the prediction of wave overtopping discharge parameter using ANN and Random Forest. From the results, it is found that ANN gives better results when the data is normalised. The performance of Random Forest is independent of the data normalisation.
Ultra-high Performance Concrete as a Sustainable Structural Composite
Authors: Kodeboyina Ganesh Babu , Thotakura Lakshmi , Avirneni Deepti , Bhojaraju Chandrasekhar
Published: May 2023

The phenomenal strides in the modifications and the use of supplementary cementitious materials in conjunction with superplasticizers and discrete fiber distributions in concrete made it possible to arrive at the structural material termed as “ultra-high performance concretes” (UHPC) or its extension “ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concretes” (UHPFRC). Its development heralded a new era, opening new vistas in structural configurations and forms that could be a serious contender to structural steel constructions. Primarily, the chemistry and physics of concrete constituents and mixture design philosophy have not changed much, though the intricacies that are often neglected were effectively corrected from time to time. The use of materials ranging from the conventional to nanoparticles that could exhibit superior pozzolanic activity along with microfibers resulted in strengths well beyond 200 MPa. This opens up several avenues in structural configurations that are of high strength and durability. However, this isn’t a stipulation of replacing the present-day concrete in all structures with UHPC, but the key is to modulate the structural configurations to suit the needs of the particular application for ensuring sustainability in consonance with the capabilities of UHPC. The paper attempts to look at the possible avenues for such options in materials and structural forms to effectively assure sustainable construction alternates.
Fillers Influence on Hot-Mix Asphalt Mixture Design and Performance Assessment
Authors: Nanjegowda Vinay Hosahally , Rathankumar M N , Anirudh N
Published: May 2023

Filler’s presence in hot-mix asphalt (HMA) is even though minimal but they do affect its durability characteristics. Many natural and waste materials in the form of fillers have been studied for their effectiveness on HMA mix design and performance characteristics. However, in practice, stone dust (SD) is the preferred filler due to its abundance, ease of availability, and cost-effectiveness. Thus, the major objective of this study was to investigate the effect of locally available materials: stone dust (SD)- natural, hydrated lime (HL) – processed, rice-husk ash (RHA) and fly-ash (FHA)-waste materials on HMA properties based on the factors such as availability, field utilization, cost, and sustainability, while at the same time identify the anomalies of those selected fillers on HMA mix if any. A viscosity grade (VG-30) binder was selected and checked for its fundamental consistency characteristics set forth in Indian standards. In this study, aggregate gradation structure specified as bituminous concrete grading 1 (BC1) in India was designed for the preparation and evaluation of four HMA mixes: (a) BC1 with SD (BC1-SD), (b) BC1 with RHA (BC1-RHA), (c) BC1 with FA (BC1-FA), and d) BC1 with HL (BC1-HL). Fillers: RHA, FA, and HL were studied for their physico-chemical properties. The most recommended filler dosage of 4% by weight of mix was selected and kept uniform for the various BC1 mixes. Marshall method of mix design was performed to identify the optimum asphalt content (OAC) of four different BC1 mixes. The test results of methylene blue value (MBV), german filler value (GFV), and fineness modulus (FM) indicated that RHA includes more micron-to-nano sized particles than the other two fillers (HL and FA). The scanning electron microscope coupled with energy dispersive X-ray results showed that the RHA and FA exhibited similar chemical composition, while HL was identified to be a calcium-based compound. The BC1-RHA mix resulted in non-cohesive mix for the binder content ranging from 4.5 to 6.5%. Additionally, for the binder contents in the range of 7 to 9% the BC1-RHA compacted samples failed to yield air voids of 4% required to arrive at the OAC. The BC1- FA mix showed the highest Marshall stability (26.97 KN) followed by BC1-HL (23.97 kN), and BC1-SD (17.9 kN). Also, retained stability test results of all the three different mixes were in close proximity to each other indicative of the affinity of the fillers to asphalt. The resistance to moisture susceptibility results indicated that HL is the better anti-stripping element followed by FA, and SD. Among the three different filler-based BC1 mixes, BC1-HL mix was adjudged as an effective moisture resistant mix followed by BC1-FA, and BC1-SD. However, a single filler that not only tends to improve the various performance parameters of the mix but be available in abundance and cost-effective is yet to be explored.
Added Value Production of The Corn - Soybean Intercropping System on Rainfed Rice Land in the Third Planting Season in Lampung Selatan, Lampung Province
Authors: Slameto  , Meidaliyantisyah
Published: May 2023

Corn and soybean are still strategic commodities that support people’s food needs. Rainfed land becomes the foundation for the development of corn and soybean. Crop intercropping system (Turiman) is an alternative of planting technology innovation on rainfed land. The purpose of this study was to determine the added value production in the intercropping system of corn and soybean for consumption in a rainfed rice field. The study was conducted in Batuliman Village, Candipuro District, South Lampung Regency on third planting time in 2020. The corn planted was a type of sweet corn for direct consumption. Meanwhile, soybean variety planted was Dega-1. Cropping system used was intercropping (Turiman). The results of the study showed that the intercropping system gave an average sweet corn production of 23.30 tons/ha of fresh pods and an average of soybean production 9.99 tons/ha of fresh pods. While monoculture planting of sweet corn yielded 18.83 tons/ha of fresh pods, and monoculture planting of soybeans yielded 4.84 tons/ha of fresh pods.
Introduction of new superior varieties and Jajar Legowo Super cultivation technology to increase rice productivity in Central Sulawesi
Authors: Syafruddin  , Wahyuni Andi Nirma , Risna  , Rahayu Heni SP , Saidah
Published: May 2023

The agricultural sector must receive serious attention today since it faces many challenges such as the small size of land ownership and the low interest of the younger generation for doing this business. Various efforts have been made, including the agricultural technology park program and other programs for increasing production and farmer welfare. All those agricultural programs need to be supported by technology and model to get properly development. This study aims to increase the productivity and income of farmers in the agricultural development area. The research activities include potentials and problems of farm identification by a Forum Group Discussion and research implementation using a factorial randomized completely block design with four new high yield varieties and one existing variety. The results showed that farmers were very enthusiastic and responsive to the use of new high yield varieties which combined with Jajar Legowo Super technology. The highest yields in the first and second planting season were consistently reached by Inpari 30 variety. It was carried out both in Batui and South Batui District and there was an increase in production around 1.7-2 t/ha. Crop yields and farmers’ incomes have increased. The guidance and assistance for farmer groups has not shown best results, however, collaboration between the breeder group and the off taker (PT Pertani) has been formed, while the development of premium rice has not been optimally implemented due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Growth performance and yield of shallot result from different Trichoderma sp. Formulation and applications
Authors: Saidah  , Ismail Nurmasita , Wahyuni Andi Nirma , Syafruddin  , Suwitra IK , Muchtar  , Irmadamayanti Andi , Rahayu Heni SP
Published: May 2023

The production of shallots has been decreasing, one of the factors causing it is soil degradation that caused by the continuously use of chemicals. Thus damaging the soil and killing natural enemies. Soil improvement can be done by adding organic material, minerals, and optimizing the function of biological agents. Trichoderma sp is one of the biological agents that has the ability to degrade soil. This study aimed to determine the effect of Trichoderma form and different application methods on the growth and yield of shallots. The location of the research was in Maku village, Sigi district, Central Sulawesi, from November 2020 to January 2021. The research method used a separate plot design with four replications, where the main plot was the form of Trichoderma sp. (T), which consists of three levels, namely, T1 = liquid (60 ml/bed) and T2 = solid (12 g/bed). The size of the bed is 3 m x 1 m while the sub-plot was the application (C), which consists of three levels, namely C0 = without giving; C1 = bulb straight to the ground; C2 = mix with manure. The results showed that the treatment of Trichoderma sp has a significant effect on plant height and number of leaves, but was not significantly different in way of application. While the interaction of the two treatments have a significant effect on the performance parameters. However, in the yield component, the treatment form and way of application did not show a significant difference. Overall, the best treatment combination was Trichoderma sp in solid form mixed with manure.
The improvement of grafting success of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Hout.) by hooding and fogging
Authors: Ruhnayat A , Rostiana O , Syakir M
Published: May 2023

An effort to solve sex-determining problems in nutmeg cultivation is using shoot grafted seeds of known sex parental tree through epicotyl grafting. However, constraint in nutmeg grafting has a relatively high grafted shoot mortality rate due to suboptimal microclimates. Therefore, the study aimed to increase grafted-nutmeg seeds’ viability and plant vigor in the field through micro-clipping and microclimate optimization. The experiment was arranged in a Randomized Block Design, factorial pattern, repeated three times. The first factor was the origin of the scion (Bogor and South Lampung), the second factor was the way of seeds hooding (individual plastic hood; mass hood; individual + mass hood), and the third factor was watering (without fogging and fogging). The results showed that the highest success rate of grafting before separation was obtained using scions from Bogor, which were covered massively without being fogged (85.71%) and being fogged (82.74%). Further, the success rate of grafting after separation was obtained using scion from Bogor, which were covered up massively without being fogged (83.33%) and fogged (79.76%). Therefore, epicotyl grafting in nutmeg can be massively covered either without fogging or fogging. This circumstance implied that epicotyl grafting can increase the availability of nutmeg seeds.
Leaf physiological responses of the citrus commercial varieties grafted onto rootstocks
Authors: Yulianti Farida , Agisimanto Dita
Published: May 2023

The use of rootstocks provides choices to growers to increase fruit quality and yield, obtain high-density planting, avoid juvenility, and control tree size. The choice of rootstock for a citrus orchard was an important consideration. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of citrus rootstocks on leaf mineral composition and leaf physiology of the citrus commercial cultivars (‘Pontianak’ tangerine, ‘Pamindo’ pamelo and ‘Montaji’ lemon). For this purpose, the citrus commercial cultivars were budded onto Japansche citroen (JC) and Citrumelo rootstocks and then leaf mineral composition (total nitrogen, phosphor and kalium concentration) and leaf physiology (chlorophyll index, respiration rate, stomatal conductance and photosynthetic rate) of each scion were measured. Results showed that rootstock type had different influence on leaf mineral composition and leaf physiology in leaf of each scion. For total nitrogen, total kalium and stomatal conductance variables, rootstocks had no effect. For total phosphor variable, JC rootstock induced higher value than Citrumelo in all scion. For chlorophyll Index variable, Citrumelo induced higher value on ‘Pamindo’ and lower value on ‘Montaji’ than JC but had no effect on ‘Pontianak’ tangerine. For respiration rate and photosynthetic rate variable, Citrumelo induced higher value than JC in ‘Pamindo’ but had no effect on ‘Pontianak’ tangerine and ‘Montaji’. Therefore, ‘Pamindo’ was better to be budded on Citrumelo, ‘Montaji’ and ‘Pontianak’ tangerine were better to be budded on JC.
The study of control Hypothenemus hampei on Libtukom coffee
Authors: Meilin A , Rubiana R , Edi S , Jumakir
Published: May 2023

Liberika Tungkal Komposit (Libtukom) coffee is a specific Liberica coffee in the peatlands of Tanjung Jabung Barat Regency, Jambi. The main pest problem in Libtukom coffee is Hypothenemus hampei (Coffee Berry Borer/CBB). This study aims to control H. hampei on Libtukom coffee using a trap with pheromone and technical culture. The study consists of four treatments: technical culture, only traps, technical culture + traps, and without treatment (as control). The traps are made of plastic and the attractant used is Hypotan 50 SL. Traps with attractants were installed at a height of 1.5 m from the ground as much as 24 traps/ha. The technical culture has been carried out by pruning, sanitizing, and “lelesan”. The number of trapped insects is calculated monthly until the end of the study. The intensity of fruit attacks was observed at the beginning and end of the study. Data were analyzed descriptively and the analysis of variance. The results showed that the intensity of H. hampei attack on Libtukom coffee decreased at the end of the study in the treatment and was different without treatment. The number of trapped H. hampei insects decreased at the end of the study. H. hampei control treatment using trap technology and technical culture or a combination can reduce the intensity of H. hampei attacks and the number of H. hampei trapped. The use of traps and technical culture can be applied while supporting environmentally friendly agriculture.
The Effect of Interstock on The Development of Huanglongbing Disease and Vegetative Growth of Three Commercial Citrus Varieties in Indonesia
Authors: Dwiastuti Mutia Erti , Sugiyatno Agus , Devy Nirmala F , Hardiyanto
Published: May 2023

Huanglongbing (HLB) disease, causes a 60-95% decline in Indonesia citrus production in almost all production centers. The use of suitable citrus interstocks can increase fruit production and quality, improve compatibility, and can also increase tolerance to HLB with tolerant interstocks. Potential interstock, providing an alternative for citrus farmers to be able to save their plants from the destruction of HLB. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of several interstocks in inhibiting the development of HLB disease and the growth of citrus plants. Eight interstock combination treatments (JC, JC+Rough lemon, JC+Carrizo citrange, JC+citrumelo, JC+Poncirus trifoliata, JC+Volkamer lemon, JC+Troyer citrange and JC+ Kanci kumquat) on 3 commercial citrus varieties (C. reticulata var. Batu 55, C. nobilis var. Pontianak and C. aurantifolia var. Nimas Agrihorti). The combination of interstock affects plant tolerance to HLB. In the three upper limit varieties tested, the mildest symptoms of HLB and the healthiest was found in the combination of interstock JC+P.trifoliata, and Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus were detected after inoculation using conventional PCR amplification in the second test. Based on the PCR index and the severity of the symptoms, the combination of interstock JC+P. trifoliata was classified as mild severity and the healthiest against CLas infection in the 3 scion varieties tested (C. reticulata var. Batu 55, C. nobilis var. Pontianak and C. aurantifolia var. Nimas Agrihorti). Vegetative growth was found to be varied, and almost all of them could grow well except shoot growth which was stagnant at 5-6 months after inoculation.
Differences in time of application of Trichoderma sp on shallot varieties on growth and disease development for seed production
Authors: Korlina Eli , Hasyim Ahsol , Sulastrini Ineu
Published: May 2023

Soil-borne diseases in shallots are the main diseases that can cause weight loss, especially for seeds. One of the biological agents that can control the disease is Trichoderma sp. So far, the use of Trichoderma often does not seem effective because the application time is not right. Trichoderma already exists and grows outside and inside plant tissues. This is due to the nature and character of Trichoderma for its antagonistic fungus that competent to colonize the rhizosphere quickly and protect roots from pathogen attack. This study aims to determine the interaction between the application time of Trichoderma sp and varieties on growth and disease development for seed production. The research was carried out at the Margahayu Experimental Garden, Institute Vegetable Research Indonesian (1,250 m.asl), from September to December 2021. The experiment used was a factorial randomized block with two factors and three replications. The first factor is the time of application of Trichoderma (without Trichoderma, before planting, before planting + 2 weeks after planting, and before planting + 2, 4 weeks after planting). The second factor is several varieties of shallots (Violetta, Ambassador, Maja Cipanas, Bima and Trisula). The results showed that there was no interaction between application time and variety on growth, disease attack, and yield of shallot bulbs for seed. However, application time and varieties affected the intensity of the disease of Stemphylium vesicarium and Peronospora destructor. Maja Cipanas showed the highest plant growth (plant height, number of leaves and number of tillers) with dry weight, weight of one month of storage and weight of two months of storage per clump each of 60.19 g; 50.27 g and 39.49 g.
Potential of New Varieties of Sweet Potato Released By Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute (ILETRI): A Preliminary Study
Authors: Widaningrum  , Misgiyarta  , Darniadi S , Purwani E Y
Published: May 2023

Sweet potato are potential to be utilized as replacer or substitution agent for rice for Indonesian. It provides some good nutrients to maintain healthy degree. It has a high energy content, protein, fat, and a considerable dietary fiber. Four of sweet potato varieties (i.e. Beta 1, Beta 2, Antin 2, Antin 3) contain bioactive compounds such as anthocyanin and beta-carotene. Beta 1 sweet potato had more beta carotene (13.01±1.73 mg/100g) than Beta 2 (5.96±0.44 mg/100g), while Antin 2 had less anthocyanin (32.18±0.01mg/100g) than Antin 3 (35.24±0.1 mg/100g). Nevertheless, Antin 2 contained highest protein (0.81±0.02%) among others. Moreover, Antin 2 and Antin 3 contained higher calories and dietary fiber compared to Beta 1. The lower content of these compounds in Beta variety might be attributed to the higher moisture content of Beta 1 (80.11±0.14%) and Beta 2 (77.40±0.45%), while the moisture content of Antin 2 and Antin 3 were 71.40±0.08% and 70.25±0.25%, respectively. In terms of sweet potato flour, Beta 1 had also more beta carotene (29.41±0.06 mg/100g) than Beta 2 (27.26±0.13 mg/100g), and Antin 3 contained more anthocyanin (47.66±0.05 mg/100g) than Antin 2 (29.04±0.01mg/100g). As for food product, macaroni had been made from flour and pasta of sweet potato. The sensory evaluation demonstrated that the products were well-accepted by the panelists in terms of color, flavor, taste, texture, and overall acceptability, indicating that sweet potato have a potential as food raw material and further utilization to support sustainable agriculture.
How Indigenous Peoples Resolve Ulayat Land Disputes (Study in Koto Gasib, Siak Regency)
Authors: Deliana E , Rauf M A , Akmal Z
Published: May 2023

This study focused on disputes over the management of forest areas between the Koto Gasib community and the private sector (palm plantation companies), where the company’s Cultivation rights overlapped with the rights of indigenous peoples on their ulayat lands. The purpose of this study was to find a pattern of dispute resolution over the use of natural resources in the Koto Gasib customary law community. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the dispute over the management of natural resources in the Koto Gasib customary law community is the main factor caused by the inequality of control and management through the HGU granted by the Government to oil palm plantation companies and Industrial Plantation Forests (HTI) operating in Koto Gasib, where The HGU permit issued is claimed to be part of the community area of the Gasib and Pandan inner community. The resolution of natural resource disputes in the Koto Gasib customary law community tends to be pursued through a non-litigation process by involving various stakeholder roles and local governments and encouraging the role of traditional leaders in the region to obtain an effective solution to defend the rights of the Koto Gasib community.
Forest management to Achieve Sustainable Forestry Policy in Indonesia
Authors: Djafar E M , Widayanti T F , Saidi M D , Muin A M , Ratnawati
Published: May 2023

Due to the uncertainty of forest areas in Indonesia, it often creates conflicts with various parties with an interest in forest areas, such as communities, institutions that have forestry business permits, and the government. Changes in forest area occur from time to time due to forest conversion for non-forestry sector development, encroachment, and forest fire. The government has issued Government Regulation Number 23 of 2021 about forest administration in relation to this issue. However, the law has not been effective in safeguarding forests from damage caused by humans, fires, natural disasters, pests, and diseases, nor has it preserved and protected state, community, and individual rights to wooded property. The method utilized in this study is empirical legal research employing sociological, conceptual, and statutory approaches. The specific objective of this research is to identify an ideal concept for forest utilization that is pro-environment, pro-development, and people-centered so that sustainable development-supporting forestry policies can be considered. The findings of the study reveal that sustainable forest management is largely dependent on the diversity and quality of enabling policies, as well as the legal and institutional conditions that serve as the basis for good forest governance. Forest management relies heavily on the collaboration between the government, the commercial sector, and the community.
Green purchase behavior: the role of green advertising, green awareness, and eco-literacy
Authors: Andika  , Luthfiana D N , Nadia  , Kartinah
Published: May 2023

The scope of Theory of Planned Behavior used on this research to explore the consumer behavior concept. The specific aim of this research is to identify the relationship between green purchase behavior, green advertising, and eco-literacy, with green awareness as a mediating variable. The statistical analysis technique used is Smart PLS 3.0, which examines the direct and indirect relationship between the variables. The sample size for this research is 106 respondents who want to buy green products. The results of the study showed that green awareness mediates the relationship between green advertising and green purchase behavior. This is in line with current conditions in Indonesia, where consumers are still intend to adjust to the acceptance of green products. Consumers prefer traditional products to green products, as illustrated by their low green purchase behavior.
Readiness of sustainability course in accounting curriculum at Indonesian Higher Education
Authors: Wijaya R , Putri W H
Published: May 2023

Colleges and universities significantly impact society and play a vital role in reaching global sustainable development goals (SDGs). The SDGs set by the United Nations aim to propel countries towards a more sustainable future. This survey was conducted to assess the readiness of Indonesian universities in preparing the sustainability learning process, especially in the accounting study program. This research examined 100 samples of Indonesian higher education universities. Purposive sampling is used, and the sample criterion is that Indonesian higher education institutions must have an undergraduate accounting study program and offer sustainability courses. According to the descriptive test, just 10% of public colleges and 24% of private universities offered sustainability courses. This result indicates that there still need to be more aware of preparing themselves for the process of sustainable development at universities in Indonesia.