bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical Study: Effect of Various Link Length to Lateral Force in Eccentrically Braced Frame
Authors: Nidiasari - , Haris Sabril , Umry Lulu Ulwani
Published: March 2020

Eccentrically Braced Frame (EBF) is an excellent steel frame system for resisting earthquake forces. This frame shows good performance in terms of stiffness and has excellent ductility. When it is subject to a severe seismic event, the links undergo inelastic deformations and become the primary source of energy dissipation. However, the performance of EBF is strongly influenced by the length of the links that are an essential part of the EBF system. Links should be limited not be too short or too long because it relates to the stiffness and ductility of the frame. The study of EBF on the 80-90s also limits the ratio both of e/L not exceed 0.5 and the diagonal brace angle between 40°- 60°. This research will review the influence of the length of the links varied from the e/L ratio of 0.005 to 0.38. This variation will divide the links into three types of yielding, i.e., the short link, intermediate link with shear dominance, and intermediate link with bending dominance. In this study, the behavior of various link lengths on Eccentrically Braced Frame will be evaluated using finite element analysis using MSC Patran and Nastran. The structure is modeled as a one-dimensional D-Braced EBF type that is given static monotonic load with displacement control. The results obtained in the form of load-displacement curves which will be analyzed in strength and ductility. In addition, an ultimate load normalization curve will be generated to obtain the load pattern for the various link length. The curve shows that the ultimate load on the EBF will decrease if there is an increase in link length. The significant decrease occurs when e/L > 0.2.
Livelihoods of Mountainous Sites in Vietnam and Philippines: Are They Threatened from Cold Spell and Typhoon?
Authors: Hidalgo Hanilyn , Nam Nguyen Hoang , Phuong Nguyen Thi Bich
Published: March 2020

The purpose of the study is to develop a new Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI) model, which can assess and compare the vulnerability of farming communities to different extreme climate events. The method of constructing LVIs aims at allowing the comparison of livelihood vulnerability to cold spell and typhoon. A survey of 600 farming households from three provinces in Vietnam and Philippines was conducted to determine the level of livelihood vulnerability using sixteen components that measures adaptive capacity, sensitivity and exposure.  These components include competency, education, financial condition, livelihood strategy, social networks, socio-demographic profile, housing, water, energy, health, financial status, communication, climate extreme impact, geographic location, risk index and warning system.  Results show that although facing different climate extreme events, the livelihood vulnerability of upland farming communities in Vietnam and in the Philippines share a great deal of similarities. In fact, they are moderately vulnerable on aggregate and are similar in competency, livelihood strategy, social networks, water and communication.  However, the LVIs indicate that the upland farming communities in the Philippines are slightly more vulnerable than those in Vietnam.  Interestingly, food security and financial condition are the key components that the local authorities should focus on to reduce the vulnerability of the communities, regardless of the extreme climate events that could happen.
Combination of Electrocogulation and Aeration Processes by Addition NaCl for Leachate Treatment
Authors: Rusdianasari - , Syakdani Adi , Bow Yohandri , Dewi Tresna , Ja’far Shodiq Achmad , Arita Susila
Published: March 2020

Leachate is  water which is formed in a pile of garbage that dissolves a lot of existing compounds so that it has a very high pollutant content, especially organics substances. Leachate has the potential to cause water pollution, both surface water, ground water and  underground water, so it needs to be managed properly. Leachate processing uses a combination of electrocoagulation and aeration methods. The objective of this study is to determine leachate characteristics before and after the processes, the optimum treatment conditions, and the effectiveness of the treatment processes in reducing pollutant content.  Electrocoagulation is able to reduce the characteristics of the waste pollutant content in terms of increasing pH and decreasing total disolved solid (TDS), total suspended solid (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD5), and waste turbidity.  This condition occurs due to the process of coagulation of pollutants by applying electric current to electrochemical reactions. The working principle of electrocoagulation is the dissolution of anode metal (M+), which reacts with hydroxyl ions (OH-) to form coagulants. The experiment was conducted in batch, where the leachate is put into an electrochemical cell containing 2 aluminum electrodes with dimensions of 10 cm x 10 cm. The parameters varied are the aeration process and variations in the addition of NaCl. The optimum conditions are achieved in the electrocoagulation process with aeration and the addition of 2 g/L NaCl. The most significant processing effectiveness of the process is TDS 34.06%, TSS 81.46%, COD 54.26%, BOD5 53.76%, and turbidity 92.92% respectively.
Isotopic Tracing of Phosphorus Uptake in Oil Palm Seedlings Leaf Axil Using 32P Labelled
Authors: Mildaryani Warmanti , Mujiyo Mujiyo , Dewi Widyatmani Sih , Poernomo Djoko
Published: March 2020

Pot experiments have been carried out to investigate the distribution pattern of Phosphorus in oil palm seedlings axillary axes using 32P radioisotope technique. The experiment was conducted in the greenhouse at the Center for Application of Isotope and Radiation - National Nuclear Energy Agency, Jakarta, Indonesia. KH232PO4 solution with the activity of 5 mCi was injected into five points viz through the lowest, middle, upper leaf axil, at the base of the trunk and the soil 5 cm from the trunk. The method used was  randomized complete block design with two replications.The 32P uptake is expressed in counted per minute (cpm) counted by Liquid Scintillation Counter  then transformed to disintegration per minute (dpm). The results showed that at the injection point in the lowest leaf axil, the distribution of 32P was more towards the crown before heading towards the roots.In the middle of the leaf axil,the distribution of 32P was recordedhigher, nutrients were actively distributed to the top of the plant while the roots were very low. The dynamics of 32P at the upper axil injection point, the highest 32P uptake at the start of the injection was seen in the lowest leaf axil. The 32P distribution then leads to the stem, roots and finally to the canopy. At the injection point in the soil 5 cm from the trunk, the counted value shows 32P distributed to the top of the plant, while at the base of the trunk, 32P is distributed to the farthest injection point, the plant canopy. From this study,  it can be concluded that 32P radioisotopes can describe the distribution of nutrients in plant parts, wherever radioisotope is applied. Phosphorus can be applied through any leaf axil and can be distributed well to the canopy of plants.
Mathematical Models Selection on the Total Suspended Solid Mapping using Reflective Satellite Image Data
Authors: Wibisana Hendrata , Muljo S Bangun , Lasminto Umboro
Published: March 2020

Ujung Pangkah Gresik is a reasonably dynamic area in the growth of turbidity levels in coastal beaches. As an area that has the estuary of the River Bengawan Solo, then Ujung Pangkah each year will experience the sedimentation process, one of which is the result of the movement of the river flow. This study aims to find the best mathematical model as an illustration of the total dynamics of the dissolved solids occurring in the area. The method used is a linear regression analysis of several selected models such as linear model, exponent, logarithm, polynomial degree 2, polynomial degree 3 and power model. The independent variable used in this research is the reflectance value of the Aqua Modis Level 2 from satellite imagery at wavelength 412 nm, 531 nm, and 645 nm.  The results obtained from this study are the ability of Aqua Modis satellite imagery in mapping the total suspended solids, besides that it can also be used to predict changes in the total value of suspended solids by calculating remote sensing algorithms that produce optimal mathematical models, where the model used is the polynomial model degree 3 and the logarithmic model based on choosing a high correlation value of the model that is 0.75 obtained at a wavelength of 645 nanometers
Remote Sensing Data Integration of Landsat 8 and SRTM for Geomorphological Characteristics Identification in Karst Pringkuku, Pacitan, East Java
Authors: Afina Aliyan Silmi , Bahri Ayi Syaeful , Widodo Amien , Utama Widya
Published: March 2020

Pringkuku is one of the transition areas where the morphology of karst began to develop toward the western part of Gunung Sewu Karst region. The purpose of this research is to identify the landform unit in Pringkuku’s Karst as the result of geomorphological processes recorded by Landsat 8 image and SRTM image. The research was conducted by analyzing and dividing the landform units based on landform parameters such as flow patterns, slope forms, valley forms, and ridge patterns. Structural geology data such as a strike of joints and direct rock sampling are also used as the supporting data. The developing flow patterns are the multi-basinal and rectangular patterns in the western and eastern parts of the area respectively. Inferred from the analysis of joints pattern and stream lineament, the rectangular pattern is in direction NW - SE and NE - SW. The results of this research are two units of karst and structural landform, which are structural limestone hill unit in the eastern part of the area with 68.18% of spreading area of the total extent and conical limestone hill unit in western part of the area with spreading area of 31,82%.
Development and Validation of Enterprise Architecture (EA) Readiness Assessment Model
Authors: Hussein Surya Sumarni , Mahrin Mohd Nazâ€™ri , Maarop Nurazean , Abu Bakar Nur Azaliah
Published: March 2020

Enterprise architecture (EA) proves to be a holistic strategy in aligning business and information technology. An increasing number of organizations, especially in the public sector, have adopted EA in order to take advantage of the opportunities that it offers. Through EA, the efficiency of the organization is improved, with the optimization of resources and the elimination of duplication and redundancy. However, the successful establishment of EA relies on the organization’s readiness and ability to adopt EA practices because without proper readiness, the practices will probably fail. EA readiness refers to the assessment of how ready an organization is to adopt and to establish EA practices. EA readiness helps the organization to measure their stage of readiness, to identify any gaps, and then to redesign its strategy in order to adopt EA practices. EA is a merger between business and IT. Thus, the important elements of EA readiness should comprise of people, process, technology, and catalyst enabler. There is a lack of readiness for an assessment model that shapes these four elements towards EA; hence, a clear gap has been identified. Therefore, the objective of this study is to validate the EA Readiness Assessment Model (EARAM) by performing the Delphi technique. The study adopts a three-round Delphi Technique to verify the identified elements and factors and this is followed by developing and validating the proposed model. Results from the Delphi analysis have validated four (4) major elements of EARAM, namely people, process, technology, and catalyst enabler. The number of factors that contributes towards the readiness of the EA establishment is fourteen (14).   It is anticipated that this model (EARAM) can help the Malaysian Public Sector (MPS) organization to identify and understand the elements and factors that must be considered when assessing the readiness to practice EA.
Real Time Bridge Dynamic Response: Bridge Condition Assessment and Early Warning System
Authors: Riyansyah Muhammad , Wijayanto Pratama Budi , Trilaksono Bambang Riyanto , Putra Seno Adi , Laila Dina Shona
Published: March 2020

Present study investigating the use of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in the assessment of bridge condition as well as early warning system. The WSNs are used to measure the acceleration occurred on the bridge and the mode shape of the bridge as the excitation loads passing through the bridge. Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is applied to transform the measured acceleration to get the frequency of the bridge dynamic response. Numerical integration is applied to determined the acceleration to get the displacement of the bridge dynamic response.  Implementing structural dynamics equation, the effective stiffness of the bridge can be determined using the frequency. The effective stiffness and the bridge dynamic response are then used to obtained the bridge condition and load ratings. A scaled model of steel truss bridge and miniature truck with various loads were used to simulate the use of WSNs in bridge assessment, which were also used to validate the finite element model. The finite element model was then used to simulate various scenarios, including the scenarios in which the bridge elements had various level of damages. The behaviors of bridge with various level of damages can be used to identify the location and the level of damages in the bridge and were found to be useful as early warning system for bridges condition and load ratings.
The Characterization of Ficus lyrata Warb Fruit Extract and the Effect on Toxicity, Physicochemical, and Microbiology Properties of Chicken Carcass
Authors: Wira Dwi Wahyudha , Mardawati Efri , Djali Mohamad , Balia Roostira Lobo
Published: March 2020

The use of plant extraction as natural and safe preservatives, have been highly recommended for the improvement of the microbiological and sensory quality of food.  In the present investigation, the dried fruit of Ficus lyrata Warb was subjected to bio preservative to chicken carcass. This study aimed to characterize the ethyl acetate extract on the phytochemical compound, antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity, to determine the toxicity of the extraction with lethal dose (LD50) value and to study the application of the extract as chicken carcass preservative. The result showed that the fruit extract has phenolic compounds, flavonoids and tannins. Gas Chromatography Analysis resulted that the extract contains catechin, luteolin-6.8-C-diglukoside and Orientin.  DPPH and clear zone analysis showed that the extract has a high of antioxidant and antibacterial activity. The acute toxicity analyzes showed that the extract of Ficus lyrata Warb fruit has not the LD50 below the concentration of 15000 mg/kg weight, that means the extract was practically non-toxic material. The application of extract to chicken carcass preservation had resulted the pH of carcass in the range 5.51—5.98 and decreased the temperature from 26 to 24oC and effected to inhibit of chicken carcass decay for 2 hours.  The extract of F. lyrata Warb fruit also inhibited the bacterial growth until 2.4 x 106 CFU/g within the 12 hours of storage and increased the tenderness of carcass to 0.6 N. Based on the observed characteristics, it was obtained that the use fruit extract as a natural preservative can extend the shelf life of fresh chicken carcasses.
Efectos en la tributación de los dividendos producto de las diferencias que se presentan entre el tratamiento contable y fiscal, en particular por las mediciones al valor razonable
Authors: Rodríguez Vásquez Carlos Giovanni
Published: March 2020

La finalidad de este artículo es determinar cómo las diferencias en reconocimiento y medición entre lo contable y lo fiscal tienen impacto en los dividendos. Lo anterior, considerando el efecto que tienen las diferencias temporarias en la determinación de los dividendos gravados y no gravados bajo la aplicación del artículo 49 del et, y establecer si dichos impactos se pueden contrarrestar aplicando el sistema de carryback y carry-forward, evitando que se genere una doble tributación a nivel del socio a la sociedad.
Algorithm for Determining Optimum Runner Number in the Blading Section of a Turbomolecular Pump
Authors: Demikhov K.E. , Gordeeva U.S. , Ochkov A.A.
Published: March 2020

The paper considers developing an algorithm for determining the optimum runner number in the blading section of a turbomolecular pump. Such pumps are built into chromatograph mass spectrometers for ensuring vacuum production in the chamber. Turbo-molecular pumps boast a number of advantages over other pumping solutions since it is possible to arrive at the required pumping parameters by means of selecting the optimum blading section configuration. In order to solve this problem, we present an algorithm for calculating the optimum runner number in the blading section of a turbomolecular pump, ensuring the pumping characteristics required: pumping speed and pressure ratio. The algorithm is based on well-known analytical expressions describing processes taking place in pumps of this type, which means it is highly computationally efficient. We determined the respective blading section parameter values, selected the values of empirical coefficients and plotted the pumping performance for the first two runners. The algorithm developed may be used to optimise mass and dimensions of turbomolecular pumps, which could significantly expand their use.
Investigating Corrosion Resistance of Heavy-Duty Steel Fasteners Regarding Assemblies Operating in Maritime Climates under High Pressures Power, Metallurgical and Chemical Engineering
Authors: Nedashkovskiy K.I. , Gulshin A.V. , Averina Yu.M. , Naumkina V.A. , Menshikov V.V. , Boldyrev V.S.
Published: March 2020

The paper presents investigation results and a technology for manufacturing fastener workpieces out of the 07Kh16N6-Sh (07Х16Н6-Ш) steel using high-temperature heat treatment. The steel undergoing our testing was additionally doped with molybdenum, as reflected in the 07Kh16N6M-Sh (07Х16Н6М-Ш) designation, which facilitated grain refinement. We implemented accelerated climate testing of bolts in order to assess the corrosion cracking resistance of 07Kh16N6-Sh (07Х16Н6-Ш), 07Kh16N6M-Sh (07Х16Н6М-Ш) and 13Kh15N4AM3-Sh (13Х15Н4АМ3-Ш) steel fasteners in maritime climates.
Numerical Investigation of Fluid Flow between Rotating Permeable Cylindrical Surfaces
Authors: Aleksandrov A.A. , Devisilov V.A. , Sharai E.Yu.
Published: March 2020

The paper presents numerical simulation results concerning fluid flow in the annular channel of a hydrodynamic filter comprising a perforated protective screen located between another perforated protective screen and a filtering screen, both cylindrical. We investigated the effects of the following two parameters on the flow structure: the perforated area of the protective screen and the width of the annular channel between the protective and filtering cylindrical screens. We established that increasing the annular channel width and the perforation area of the protective screen leads to secondary vortex structures forming in the channel. We obtained circumferential velocity distribution in the channel formed by the protective and filtering screens of the hydrodynamic filter. We show that, in the bracket of modal and design parameters under consideration, a power curve with an exponent in the 2.4--3.3 range may be used to approximate the circumferential velocity profile. We discovered that the structural and modal parameters of the channel between the rotating permeable cylindrical surfaces control the intensity of the deterministic separation process components. Channel width and perforation area are structural parameters; angular velocity is a modal parameter. Arranging the flow in a hydrodynamic filter in the way proposed makes it possible to decrease the intensity of random separation process components in multi-phase media.
Styl życia młodzieży akademickiej
Authors: Kłos Lidia
Published: March 2020

Analiza relacji między stylami życia współczesnego społeczeństwa a perspektywami zrównoważonego rozwoju jest zagadnieniem istotnym badawczo, którego podjęcie może pozwolić uzyskać odpowiedź na pytania: „Jak styl życia współczesnej młodzieży ma się do koncepcji zrównoważonego stylu życia?”, „Czy w przyszłości młodzież będzie sobie radziła z równoważeniem sfery życia rodzinnego i zawodowego?”. W Polsce można zauważyć wyraźną lukę badawczą związaną z brakiem szerszego omówienia zagadnienia zrównoważonego stylu życia i koncepcji dobrowolnej prostoty (Voluntary Simplicity – VS) w grupie młodzieży. Brak badań z tego zakresu uniemożliwia jednoznaczne stwierdzenie, jak polska młodzież (obecni i przyszli konsumenci) ocenia zrównoważony styl życia i czy jest w stanie dobrowolnie zaadaptować się do jego zasad. Próba podjęcia dyskusji na ten temat jest celem niniejszego opracowania. Artykuł ma charakter koncepcyjny i stanowi próbę wypełnienia wskazanej luki badawczej.
Valuing Groundwater Quality in the Częstochowa Case Study (Poland)
Authors: Godyń Izabela , Kountouris Yiannis , Sauer Johannes
Published: March 2020

This paper presents results of the study on preferences of inhabitants of the Częstochowa Region in Poland in the field of groundwater protection. The choice experiment (CE) method was applied, and willingness to pay (WTP) for improving groundwater quality through the development of sewerage systems was assessed. The results indicate that there is substantial WTP for water quality improvements. Households are willing to pay 18.25 PLN (4.43 EUR) per month to remain pollution at the maximum safe level according to EU regulations (reducing nitrate concentration in groundwater to 50 mg∙L-1). Our results add to the expanding literature on the valuation of water resources and can be useful in analysis of investment effectiveness, in the valuation of environmental costs and benefits related to improvement or deterioration of groundwater condition, and in the pricing policy debate in terms of fees and prices for water and water services.
Ocena gospodarki odpadami w Żaganiu – czy jest możliwe optymalizowanie kosztów przy dobrych wynikach gospodarki odpadami?
Authors: Mazurkiewicz Marta
Published: March 2020

Gospodarka odpadami komunalnymi należy do poważniejszych wyzwań, którym stara się sprostać gmina. W artykule przedstawiono najważniejsze podstawy i uregulowania prawne dotyczące gospodarki odpadami komunalnymi. Na przykładzie gminy Żagań podjęto próbę oceny stanu gospodarki odpadami komunalnymi. W tym celu poddano analizie trzy inne gminy. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych analiz: decyzyjnej, retrospektywnej, zgromadzonych dokumentów sformułowano wnioski i odpowiedź na pytanie: „Czy jest możliwe optymalizowanie kosztów gospodarki odpadami komunalnymi przy dobrych wynikach zagospodarowania odpadów?”. Zaproponowano sposoby zapobiegania powstawaniu odpadów. Rozważono potrzebę wdrożenia recyklingu odpadów biodegradowalnych. Autorka artykułu koncentruje się na aspekcie ekonomicznym zagospodarowania odpadów, przytacza możliwe rozwiązania w sferze gospodarki odpadami, a także podkreśla znaczącą rolę edukacji społeczeństwa w tej kwestii.
Zastosowanie analizy przepływu substancji do oceny zanieczyszczenia wód metalami ciężkimi w Polsce
Authors: Panasiuk Damian
Published: March 2020

Analiza przepływu substancji jest przydatna w prowadzeniu polityki ekologicznej. Zastosowanie tej metody pozwoliło zidentyfikować główne źródła emisji rtęci i ołowiu do środowiska. Umożliwia to wskazanie najskuteczniejszych i najefektywniejszych kosztowo metod redukcji emisji. Metale ciężkie to jedne z najgroźniejszych dla człowieka i środowiska naturalnego zanieczyszczeń. Największa emisja rtęci do środowiska pochodzi z produkcji energii elektrycznej i ciepła z węgla kamiennego i brunatnego. Znaczący ładunek rtęci podlega odzyskowi lub trafia na składowiska odpadów niebezpiecznych w wyniku użytkowania produktów zawierających rtęć i z praktyki dentystycznej. Wskazany byłby zakaz stosowania wypełnień amalgamatowych w celu zmniejszenia presji na środowisko wodne zamiast dodatkowych obciążeń dla sektora energetycznego. Największa emisja ołowiu do powietrza i wody pochodzi z przemysłu metali żelaznych i nieżelaznych. Produkcja energii elektrycznej i ciepła nie jest tak ważnym źródłem emisji ołowiu, jak w wypadku emisji rtęci.
La semiótica y la hermenéutica frente al discurso, desde un saber analógico
Authors: Beuchot Mauricio
Published: March 2020

In this article I intent to show the application of hermeneutics to discourse analysis. In semiotics, Roman Jakobson says that the two columns of discourse are metaphor and metonymy. Octavio Paz adds that those two types of tropes are the two faces of analogy. And, according to Ricoeur, symbol has the structure of metaphorical analogy. Symbolism is found both in poetry and prose, for instance, in theatre and in narrative. Therefore, from semiotics and from hermeneutics, they have to be approached with an analogical spirit. Because of that the necessity of an analogical hermeneutics is alleged.
LOS ESPERMATOZOIDES DE LOS PECES
Authors: Osorio Pérez Adriana , Arias Rodriguez Lenin
Published: March 2020

El conocimiento sobre los espermatozoides en peces sigue siendo un tema de amplio interés para varias áreas de ciencia básica y aplicada, en la que está implicado el desarrollo de las células espermáticas desde la espermatogonia hasta el espermatozoide maduro. Los estadios del desarrollo, que experimentan las espermatogonias hasta diferenciarse en espermatozoides maduros, también implican durante la meiosis I y meiosis II, aspectos de tipo genético que están vinculados a la recombinación y la diversidad genética de las poblaciones naturales. El origen de poblaciones de células espermáticas poliploides, están ligadas a disfunciones durante la meiosis. Es por ello que es importante conocer detalladamente todas las etapas del ciclo celular en mitosis y meiosis que conllevan a desarrollar gametos normales o anormales. El desarrollo de protocolos novedosos, ayudaran en un futuro cercano a comprender varios aspectos del desarrollo espermático de los peces que aún continúan como una incógnita de interés en ciencia básica y aplicada.
Persuasives Handeln: objektbezogen, multimodal, massenmedial. Gebrauch der „Taferln“ in österreichischen TV-Wahldebatten
Authors: Pfurtscheller Daniel
Published: March 2020

Object-related and multimodal forms of persuasion. The case of “Taferln” small cardboard signs in Austrian TV election debatesAustrian TV debates are held as roundtable talks with little formal rules, in particular the use of documents and objects brought along is not prohibited. This paper deals with the persuasive use and situated history of “Taferln” small cardboard signs during the 15 one-on-one encounters produced live by the Austrian public service broadcaster ORF before the general election in 2013. The video data were coded in terms of object use, relevant sections further transcribed and evaluated in conjunction with the journalistic picture direction and camera work. The findings show that politicians employed “Taferln” in 12 broadcasts, usually to be seen in close-up on the TV screen, suggesting that “Taferln” are an established means in Austrian political discourse to argue and persuade. The qualitative analysis describes in detail how “Taferln” provide communicative benefits in the conversational situation: how “Taferln” can be used to refute statements of the counter party, how conversational roles are performatively constituted based on object use, and how affordances of the material objects are strategically exploited for persuasive action.
Alltagssprachliche Mischungs-und Kreuzungsprozesse im urbanen Milieu: Zur sprachlichen Bricolage, Hybridität und Transgression
Authors: Daszkiewicz Anna
Published: March 2020

Routine processes of language variants blending and crossing in the area of large urban agglomerations:on language bricolage, hybridism and transgressionThis paper addresses language practices in the German urbanised environment, or, more strictly, practices of language variants blending and crossing and their symbolic meaning in contemporary Germany. The authors and performers of mixed codes are the German incoming and native youth. The paper emphasises and depicts the specific character of jargon, and draws attention to it being strongly rooted in the language of ancestors; primarily, however, it concentrates on theories describ­ing this language phenomenon.
O budowaniu znaczeń w dyskursie prasowym w ujęciu komparatywnym – na przykładzie zamachów w Norwegii w 2011 roku
Authors: Chruściel Patrycja , Jasińska Inez
Published: March 2020

About construction of meanings in the press discourse – the comparative approach, based on the example of Norway attacks in 2011The purpose of the article is to describe and analyse the meanings which the media construct in relation to real events ‘événement réel’ by the example of Anders Breivik’s attacks in Norway in 2011. The paper is a comparative analysis of the media productions in three countries – Poland, France and the United Kingdom. The authors use the French Linguistic Discourse Analysis FLAD methods to determine the keywords ‘mot vedette’ – the most common words or phrases naming the event – reconstruct referential paradigms ‘paradigme désignationnel’ – the lists of expressions that rephrase the keywords – and then deliberate their social meanings. The article textualizes similarities and differences of the social meanings of the event in different European countries and contemplates the collective memory of Europeans.
Wie viel Streiten gibt es in Streitgesprächen? Eine textlinguistische und sprachorientierte Untersuchung am Beispiel von Streitgesprächen in der Presse
Authors: Duch-Adamczyk Justyna
Published: March 2020

How much arguing is there in press disputes? A linguistic study by the example of press disputesThe interview as a journalistic text type has an established position in the mass media such as radio, press and television. The dispute as a special type of the interview plays an important role in these media. The paper deals with language and linguistic characteristics of the press disputes. Based on general concept of a conversation, the debate is presented from the perspective of linguistic and media studies. In addition, the paper points out the differences between dispute and conventional press interview. Special attention is given to the linguistic realisation of press disputes.
Analiza porównawcza haseł wyborczych polityków kandydujących na prezydenta Polski w 1990 i 2015 roku
Authors: Wójciuk Anna
Published: March 2020

The comparative analysis of electoral slogans of the Polish presidential candidates in 1990 and 2015The subject of this article are the electoral slogans of the Polish politicians, who were the presidential candidates in 1990 and 2015. Looking at their the election slogans it is seen that the slogans represents a different tendency. The electoral slogans of the politicians, who were candidates in elections in 1990 say critically about the communist system and also say about the big value of Polish society. The electoral slogans of the politicians in presidential elections in 2015 say about patriotism, national traditions and about the big value of Poland as well. The present conditions change the themes of the electoral slogans. The author presented tendency which the slogan represented. The author described the linguistic persuasive techniques that politicians used in slogans.
Bliscy nieznajomi. Obraz Ukrainy w polskim kinie po 1989 roku
Authors: Czerkawski Piotr
Published: March 2020

CLOSE STRANGERS. THE IMAGE OF UKRAINE IN POLISH CINEMA AFTER 1989This text happens to be an attempt to look at the image of Ukraine in Polish cinema after the political and social changes of 1989. The big part of the article focuses on TV documentaries which come back to the most significant moments of common Polish-Ukrainian history and tell us stories of people who were equally important for both cultures. The text deals also with a difficult subject of cultural  superiority, ignorance and neocolonial stereotypes reflected by some Polish films about Ukraine and Ukrainian people. On the other hand, the article also analyses well-known documentaries, such as Piano by Vita Drygas or The Dybbuk. A Tale of Wandering Souls by Krzysztof Kopczyński. The author is convinced that both films are able to combine high artistic values with an empathic view of the modern Ukrainian reality and the country’s complicated past. The article ends with a conclusion that those documentaries can be treated as the role models for future Polish films about Ukraine.Translated by Piotr Czerkawski
Helena porwana albo Relacje polsko-ukraińskie w Ogniem i mieczem Jerzego Hoffmana
Authors: Liguziński Stanisław
Published: March 2020

KIDNAPPED HELENA, OR POLISH-UKRAINIAN RELATIONS IN JERZY HOFFMAN’S WITH FIRE AND SWORDBeing one of the most beloved epics and once a vessel of patriotism, written famously to strengthen the hearts of Poles during the partition of the country, Henryk Sienkiewicz’s Trilogy still stirs a lot of controversies among other nations depicted in the novels. Considering Poland’s past colonial entanglement with Ukraine, difficult unresolved issues in our common history and disdainful descriptions of Cossacks, none of the series’ parts proved to be as problematic to adapt to the screen as With Fire and Sword. Being able to finally make the movie and complete his lifetime project of filming Trilogy after 31 years of struggle, a Polish film director Jerzy Hoffman faced a serious challenge of preserving the spirit of the novel without enhancing reciprocal prejudices between the nations. In my article, I try to identify textual and visual strategies employed by the director in order to refract disturbing colonial underpinning of Sienkiewicz’s With Fire and Sword. Analysing the narrative frame, genre shifts, construction of the characters and ideological implications of certain aesthetic choices, I argue that to a certain degree Hoffman managed to transform the novel’s classic imperialistic narrative of mission civilisatrice — providing rationale for colonization on the grounds of social evolutionism and civilizational progress — into a subversive melodrama personifying feuding nations as equal subjects. By doings so, the director managed to scale down nostalgic yearning for the bygone power and magnitude of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, in order to redirect audience’s attention to the necessity of maintaining good relations with our sovereign neighbour.Translated by Stanisław Liguziński
Contemporary Transnational Westerns: Trajectories and Constellations
Authors: Paryż Marek
Published: March 2020

This introductory article maps out the main directions to be observed in contemporary transnational Westerns. It looks specifically at three areas beyond the United States where the films in the Western genre have assumed the most symptomatic forms: Europe, Australia and Japan. European Westerns seem to comprise awider scope of artistic possibilities offered by the genre than elsewhere, as they subscribe to one of the following models: apopular action/sensational formula, an artistic engagement with the convention, or aparody. The Australian Western is related to the American genre primarily through historical analogies, while the Japanese Western has developed thanks to the similarity of the archetypal plots of U.S. Westerns and Japanese samurai films. WSPÓŁCZESNE WESTERNY TRANSNARODOWE: TRAJEKTORIE I KONSTELACJEArtykuł omawia pokrótce główne tendencje we współczesnych westernach transnarodowych. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na trzy obszary geograficzne, gdzie gatunek przybrał w ostatnich kilkunastu latach najbardziej symptomatyczne formy: Europę, Australię i Japonię. Westerny europejskie dają najszerszy przegląd możliwości kreacyjnych i oscylują między trzema modelami: film akcji, parodia i artystyczny dialog z konwencją. Westerny australijskie korespondują z amerykańskimi przede wszystkim z uwagi na analogie historyczne, a produkcje japońskie — z racji podobieństw archetypów obecnych w westernach i filmach samurajskich.                                                                                              przeł. Kordian Bobowski
Filmowe powidoki Andrzeja Wajdy
Authors: Kletowski Piotr
Published: March 2020

ANDRZEJ WAJDA'S AFTERIMAGESThe text: Andrzej Wajda’s Afterimages is an analysis of the last film made by the creator of Ashes and Diamonds. This motion picture is a film vision of the last years of Władysław Strzemiński’s life. Strzemiński was an outstanding Polish, avant-garde artist, destroyed by the communist authorities in the 1950s. The situation of the artist in the trap of enslavement is transferred by Wajda into his film, and into the figure of Strzemiński himself — created by Bogusław Linda — who becomes a “medium” throughout Wajda talks about himself — both as a human and as an artist. Thanks to this specific autobiographical perspective, Wajda’s film becomes a deeply original statement, in which we find not only Wajda’s way of seeing human being, the world and the art, but also a description of his tragic situation from the very beginning of his artist’s life and work. Situation which had been projecting on his future existential choices and artistic decisions. Not only Strzemiński’s character, but also his theoretical work — famous, unfinished book The Art of Vision becomes close to Wajda, who adopted the painting theory of the creator of unism for his own film practice. And this “theorethical” practice is also evident in the Afterimages.]]>
Ryzyko opłacalne. O książce "Możliwość i konieczność w kulturze: idee, narracje, interpretacje", red. B. Pawłowska-Jądrzyk, Warszawa 2017, ss. 248
Authors: Gorczyński Maciej
Published: March 2020

POSSIBILITY AND NECESSITY IN CULTURE: IDEAS, NARRATIVES, AND INTERPRETATIONS, ED. BY B. PAWŁOWSKA-JĘDRZYK, WARSZAWA 2017The paper is review of the collection of the articles edited by Brygida Pawłowska-Jędrzyk. Authors of the paper collected represents many fields: history of literature, literary criticism, theology, history of art, philosophy, and others. The volume is divided in two main parts; authors of the first are focused on the analysis of meaning and significance of the categories named in the title. Papers in the second part treats aformentioned terms as a traits of the particular works of art, literature or philosophy. Enunciation “worthwhile risk” means here, that not every paper included is perfect, but the book considered as a whole is definitely worth reading.
Popiół i diament w ogniu. Krytyka filmu po 13 grudnia 1981 roku
Authors: Kornacki Krzysztof
Published: March 2020

ASHES AND DIAMONDS ON FIRE. CRITICAL REVIEWS AFTER DECEMBER 13TH, 1981Shortly after its premiere, Wajda’s film was proclaimed the most outstanding Polish movie and so it was through several decades, as we may observe in the rankings from the years 1974, 1985 and 1995. Many perceivers’ also previous fans attitude towards the masterpiece changed after December 13th, 1981, when the martial law was imposed. Once again, like after the premiere, only this time stronger, appeared the question about the movie: was it a diamond or ash? The debate has started among many famous writers and critics. In these changed circumstances many authors again asked about the role and impact of Ashes and Diamond on Polish culture. Sławomir Mrożek, Andrzej Werner, Jacek Trznadel, Krzysztof Kąkolewski, Wanda Zwinogrodzka, and also Tadeusz Konwicki, Waldemar Chołodowski and few other people decided to reclaim the picture. Their texts added next operands against Wajda’s film, judging it from the point of view of the historical vision created in the movie and it’s socio-political impact, such as:— the masterpiece was marked with the low propaganda origin, because the literal prototype of the story was inspired by the Secret Political Police;— the film repeated and embedded historical lies of Andrzejewski’s book;— the movie is full of mistakes and historical malformations, which support the communistic vision of the year 1945;— artistically good, the movie had a hypnotic influence on the viewers and the evocative style reduced critical thinking towards the picture;— the film faked the tragedy no balance of rights between different political views;— artistic side of the movie was not appropriate, looking from the perspective of the tragic theme cursed soldiers;— the film authorised the presence of euphemisms in public discourse “quarter-truths”;— it wasn’t a vindication of Home Army or it was a non-complete vindication;— Wajda’s film has contributed to calming the social consciousness down and made it forget about the tragedy of the resistance soldiers;— by taking the rights away from “the cursed soldiers”, the movie also took away the status of social models, icons;— Wajda’s movie has become an equivalent to the big national epics, but it was a false epic, which replaced important values.
Nie zmieniając poglądów. Przedstawianie okrucieństwa i zła w filmach Andrzeja Wajdy
Authors: Briuchowecka Łarysa
Published: March 2020

NOT CHANGING LOOKS. PRESENTATION OF CRUELTY AND EVIL IN THE FILMS OF ANDRZEJ WAJDAAmong Andrzej Wajda’s legacy, the image of the totalitarian regime and its repercussions for people, countries, and humanity holds a significant place. Films of Andrzej Wajda, who was a liaison officer in the anti-Hitler Polish underground, are a kind of chronicle of the survivors of twentieth century. The article is dedicated to study the various forms of evil and its effects on real people. The study is applicable for our time because the world again deals with the recidivism of evil which the Soviet government spread in its own country and beyond its own borders. In the USRR, the perception of Andrzej Wajda’s films was dependent on the political play in action: when the relations between two countries were friendly, he received awards, however after the Solidarity was established, no one ever mentioned Wajda. The epic work Danton, about the French revolution, made in France during times difficult for Poland because of the martial law imposed on Poland, reveals the effects of revolution that paradoxically destroyed its most dedicated revolutionists, including Danton. Wajda’s refusal to American producers to direct a motion picture based on a screen play of Aleksander Slozenicyn had se-rious reasons, primarily commitment to his homeland. He made up for the missed opportunity to show Stalin’s evil empire when he shot the film Katyń. This word echoes deep tragedy in the heart of every Pole and the director succeeded in portraying the cruelty of mechanism of punishment in totalitarian USRR. The second most important aspect was the discovery of the lies of this regime, which tried to place the responsibility for the execution of Polish officers on the Nazis. After a premiere of Katyń in Ukraine, Andrzej Wajda was awarded the medal of Jaroslaw Madry. The article also includes the theme of influence of Fyodor Dostoyevsky’s novels on Andrzej Wajda’s work — the director not only used Dostoyevsky’s work for his filmmaking and staging, but as well he was inspired by Dostoyevsky’s deep analysis of dangerous social phenomena and the courage in discovering the evil. In Wajda’s films, which belongs to the so-called “cinema of moral unrest”, the tragic fate of a talented journalist Jerzy Michalowski, the hero of film Bez znieczulenia who personalizes the characteristics of a professional  and a good man, simply horrifies. In his last film Powidoki, the director masterfully shows circles of hell survived by avant-garde artist Wladyslaw Strzeminski, the lecturer of Fine Arts Academy. All the films mentioned above are deemed necessary warning for future generations, they cannot put up with the aggression — on a political and private levels. Wajda’s lessons are universal, timeless, and everla-sting, like an eternal battle of good against evil.
Szofer Wałęsy
Authors: Przylipiak Mirosław
Published: March 2020

WAŁĘSA’S CHAUFFEURThe article refers to relation between Andrzej Wajda and Lech Wałęsa, especially tells about the image of Wałęsa in Wajda’s movies. It puts forward the story of their direct contact, and then it shows the way of presenting Lech Wałęsa in three films of Wajda. In Man of Iron Wałęsa is shown in archival materials and in two scenes, where he plays himself. We could say that both of two main characters — Maciej Tomczyk and editor Winkiel — were inspired by Wałęsa’s life. In movie etude called Man of Hope the part of Solidarity, solidarity we can observe Wałęsa in a conversation with Wajda, Krystyna Janda and Jerzy Radziwiłowicz. The artists are cheerful, optimistic, content, but Wałęsa is embittered and glum. He knows better, that the myth of “Solidarity” is already dead. The movie Wałęsa. Man of Hope is like a big speech, which in Wajda defends his hero from charges about cooperation with SB. In addition, Wajda’s attitude to Wałęsa can illustrate relation between polish intelligentsia and the “simple people”, including its special variant, which is the alliance between intelligentsia and workers formed in 1980 in Gdańsk Shipyard, where both of them met.
Scripting the saints
Authors: Leitch Thomas
Published: March 2020

Scripting the saintsThis essay approaches Hollywood movies about saints by analyzing the problems involved in at-tempting to follow both the scripts provided by the subjects’ lives and the surprisingly varied and often equally demanding scripts required of Hollywood movies in general and saints’ lives in par-ticular. Focusing on Hollywood movies about St. Francis of Assisi and Joan of Arc, it considers the impact of three kinds of scripts: positive demands to be dramatically well-constructed, inspirational, entertaining, uplifting, visually and sonically appealing, helpfully explicit in its exposition, and historically accurate; negative demands to avoid offending followers of the saints, members of the Catholic Church, and anyone else who might reasonably be construed as members of the target audience and to avoid the errors of earlier saint movies; and what might be called irrelevant scripts, those that might seem necessary for Hollywood saints’ lives to follow but that are actually either optional or impossible to follow.„Skryptowanie” świętychStreszczenie Niniejszy szkic jest próbą przybliżenia hollywoodzkich filmów o świętych za pomocą analizy problemów wynikających z próby dochowania wierności zarówno scenariuszom dostarczonym dzięki życiorysom świętych, jak i zaskakująco odmiennym oraz często równie wymagającym scenariuszom, których oczekuje się od hollywoodzkich filmów w ogóle, a od filmów o świętych szczególnie. Gdy przyjrzymy się hollywoodzkim filmom o św. Franciszku i Joannie d’Arc, zauważymy wpływ trzech rodzajów, używając psychologicznego albo informatycznego terminu, skryptów: 1. skrypt pozytywnych wymagań, aby film był poprawny dramaturgicznie, inspirujący, rozrywkowy, podnoszący na duchu, atrakcyjny wizualnie i dźwiękowo, z wyrazistym przesłaniem; 2. skrypt wymagań negatywnych dotyczących unikania urażenia ludzi czczących świętych, członków Kościoła katolickiego i kogokolwiek innego, kto mógłby być postrzegany jako członek grupy „targetowej” filmów, oraz wymóg uniknięcia błędów wcześniejszych filmów o świętych; 3. skrypt, który można by nazwać skryptem nieistotnym, ten, który może się wydawać wzywaniem do naśladowania hollywoodzkich świętych, ale który tak naprawdę jest albo tylko opcjonalny, albo niemożliwy do realizacji.