bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimisation as a Tool for Gaining Insight: An Application to the Built Environment
Authors: Fraga Eric S , Salhi Abdellah , Zhang Di , Papageorgiou Lazaros G
Published: March 2015

The design of heating systems for dwellings using new technologies, or new versions of old technologies, requires the ability to predict the temperatures in a dwelling. The temperature behaviour can be modelled, typically by differential equations which incorporate thermal driving forces and the thermal inertia of a dwelling. The development and characterisation of these models is usually based on fitting data accumulated over sufficient time to capture the behaviour of the dwelling under different conditions (summer, winter, etc.). Model fitting relies on assumptions about the behaviour of the system.

Optimisation can be used to examine these assumptions and gain insight into this behaviour. This paper describes the application of a nature inspired algorithm, known as the Plant Propagation Algorithm, a variant of a Variable Neighbourhood Search algorithm, to the problem of modelling a dwelling heated by an air source heat pump. The algorithm is evaluated using different population evolution strategies and implemented using a simple parallel computing paradigm on a multi-core desktop system. The results are used to identify potential sources of missing data which could explain the observed behaviour of the dwelling.
Using the methods of psychological well-being by teachers of physical education in higher education
Authors: Копылов Сергей , Kopylov Sergey , Герасимова Ирина , Gerasimova Irina
Published: March 2015

The article examines the nature and the main manifestations of the psychological component of physical training in the context of social and psychological aspects of successful management in the education system. In particular, attention is paid to the phenomenon of psychological well-being of the person, the factors that influence the development of mental and psychophysical abilities. According to the authors, the determining factor for creating peace of mind for students in higher education is emotional and ethical attitudes. As evidence supporting the author´s position illustrated are the basic components of both psychological well-being and personal development of a human: independence (autonomy), the ability to change the environment, characterized by processes such as the pursuit of perfection, training, readiness for a new, positive interpersonal relationships, self-acceptance, purpose in life. In this paper, from a sociological point of view discussed is the possibility of using the methods employed in the process of physical training to create a favorable psychological and moral climate in the classroom for physical education and management. As a result of these techniques physical training acquires a productive nature, and physical education becomes a managed process.

It is proved that the formation of a favorable psychological climate in the team involves the distribution of standard roles among its participants. Thus, in the course of exercise are determined and allocated roles such as «informal leader», «systematizer» and «harmonizer», which allows using all possible vectors of psychological modality.

The article outlines the prospects of using the author´s concept. Thus, the use of the above methods in the article is not limited to the formation of emotional and ethical relations and a suitable psychological climate in the group; and directed, ultimately, at the formation of the whole person with harmonious spiritual and physical inner organization.
A Strictly Contractive Peaceman-Rachford Splitting Method with Logarithmic-Quadratic Proximal Regularization for Convex Programming
Authors: Li Min , Yuan Xiaoming
Published: March 2015

Recently, a strictly contractive Peaceman-Rachford splitting method (PRSM) was proposed for a separable convex minimization model whose variables are subject to some linear constraints and two additional generic constraints. In general, the strictly contractive PRSM requires to solve two constrained minimization subproblems at each iteration. In this paper, we consider the case where the additional constraints on variables are positive orthants and apply the well-developed logarithmic-quadratic proximal (LQP) regularization to regularize the subproblems of the strictly contractive PRSM. A new algorithm in combination with the strictly contractive PRSM and the LQP regularization is thus proposed. The new algorithm only needs to solve two unconstrained subproblems at each iteration. An inexact version allowing the unconstrained subproblems to be solved approximately subject to certain inexactness criterion is also studied. We prove the global convergence and establish a worst-case convergence rate measured by the iteration complexity for both the exact and inexact versions of the new algorithm.
Technical Note—Trading Off Quick versus Slow Actions in Optimal Search
Authors: Shechter Steven M. , Ghassemi Farhad , Gocgun Yasin , Puterman Martin L.
Published: March 2015

We consider the search for a target whose precise location is uncertain. The search region is divided into grid cells, and the searcher decides which cell to visit next and whether to search it quickly or slowly. A quick search of a cell containing the target may damage it, resulting in a failed search, or it may locate the target safely. If the target is not in the cell, the search continues over the remaining cells. If a slow search is performed on a cell, then the search ends in failure with a fixed probability regardless of whether or not the target is in that cell (e.g., because of enemy fire while performing the slow search). If the slow search survives this failure possibility, then the search ends in success if the target is in that cell; otherwise, the search continues over the remaining cells. We seek to minimize the probability of the search ending in failure and consider two types of rules for visiting cells: the unconstrained search, in which the searcher may visit cells in any order, and the constrained search, in which the searcher may only visit adjacent cells (e.g., up, down, left, or right of cells already visited). We prove that the optimal policy for the unconstrained search is to search quickly some initial set of cells with the lowest probabilities of containing the target before slowly searching the remaining cells in decreasing order of probabilities. For the special case in which a quick search on a cell containing the target damages it with certainty, the optimal policy is to search all cells slowly, in decreasing order of probabilities. We use the optimal solution of the unconstrained search in a branch-and-bound optimal solution algorithm for the constrained search. For larger instances, we evaluate heuristics and approximate dynamic programming approaches for finding good solutions.
Jazz as individual expression: An analysis of The Fabulous Baker Boys soundtrack
Authors: Biggs Adam
Published: March 2015

The Fabulous Baker Boys (1989) by Kloves is a fictional account of a frustrated sibling piano duo who, in order to liven up their act, hire a singer. As well as a portrayal of sibling rivalry, the film is a study of the working jazz musician and the suppression and expression of individual identity. The film’s soundtrack, arranged, composed and performed by jazz pianist Dave Grusin, uses jazz standards and original thematic compositions that work as ‘ambi-diegetic cinemusical moments’ (Holbrook), which provide improvisatory contexts for the main character’s emerging individuality and his relationships with the other characters. This article identifies those compositions and using transcriptions, analyses the score in detail, revealing the melodic, harmonic, structural and improvisatory devices Grusin uses to convey the authority of a jazz ‘standard’, particularly by drawing on the work of Bill Evans and Miles Davis; and shows that these improvisational structures enable and act as a form of expression for the main character and his emerging individuality. The film takes its premise from The Fabulous Dorseys (1947) by Green, the biopic of the swing-era bandleaders the Dorsey Brothers, allowing this article to also consider the historical context of the film and the question of authenticity in both films, particularly through the parallel use of Art Tatum/Bill Evans as signifiers of ‘real jazz’ and Duke Ellington as a site of articulacy.
Extraterritorial cinema: Shanghai jazz and post-war Hong Kong Mandarin musicals
Authors: Fan Victor
Published: March 2015

During the 1930s, jazz in Shanghai (shidai qu 時代曲/music of the time), in a culturally, politically and musically hybrid form, negotiated the contesting sociopolitical values and cultural imaginations in the semicolonial city. In this article, Victor Fan contextualizes the re-emergence of the Shanghai jazz in the Hong Kong Mandarin musicals between 1945 and 1949, and uses the film Chang xiangsi (《長相思》)/An All-Consuming Love (He Zhaozhang 何兆璋, 1947) to examine how this genre re-appropriates this musical style to renegotiate the film-makers and spectators’ conflicting political affiliations and traumatic memories, what Fan calls ‘extraterritorial consciousness’.
Photo-id catalog points to some degree of Bryde’s whales (Balaenoptera edeni) site fidelity to Cabo Frio region, southeastern Brazil
Authors: Figueiredo Luciana Duarte de , Tardin Rodrigo Hipólito , Lodi Liliane , Maciel Israel de Sá , Alves Maria Alice dos Santos , Simão Sheila Marino
Published: March 2015

Photo-identification technique of Bryde’s whales was carried out off the coast of Cabo Frio region, south-eastern Brazil between December 2010 and November 2012. Twenty-five individuals were sighted on nineteen different days, and of these, nine were individually identified using natural marks on the dorsal fin. Of these, two individuals were seen in four different days, and one was seen in two different days. The mean interval between re-sighting was 133 days (minimum: one day, maximum: 431 days). Two different adult individuals that were previously identified were seen again accompanied by calves and one of these was also seen next to the Rio de Janeiro city coast (126 km apart). Most of the observations consisted of lone individuals (58.8% of sightings). The data reported here indicate that the Cabo Frio coast may be important for the studied species in Brazilian waters and indicated the possible habitat fidelity of Bryde’s whales to this area.
Relationships between multicultural awareness, multicultural attituee and multicultural efficacy among nursing students
Authors: Kim Nam-hee , Lim Sun-young
Published: March 2015

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between multicultural awareness, attitude and efficacy of nursing students. This study was a descriptive study with 258 nursing students from 2 Department of Nursing. Data were collected in June-July 2014 using a structured self-report questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression. The mean scores for multicultural awareness, multicultural attitude and multicultural efficacy were 3.55±.43, 3.70±.57 and 3.89±.52 respectively. Multicultural awareness had a significant positive correlation to multicultural attitude and multicultural efficacy, and multicultural attitude had a significant positive correlation to multicultural efficacy. In the multiple linear regression, factors that influenced multicultural efficacy were multicultural attitude, multicultural awareness and grade. These variables explained about 50% of the total variance of multicultural efficacy. It is significant to understand the impact that factors in the state with little research to identify the factors that influence the multicultural efficacy of nursing students. Significance was also important to present the basis for the development of training programs that can improve the multicultural efficacy of nursing students on this basis.
Considering the diversity of learners in the instructional design: Based on the viewpoint of multicultural education
Authors: Jun Hee-ok
Published: March 2015

Considering the diversity of learners in the instruction design has been studied in this article. The purpose of this study is to make a theoretical and practical foundation for developing instructional lesson design in the view point of student’s culture and learning diversity education. In order to get my purpose of this study, firstly implications of considering the diversity of learners in the lesson design and it's directions of theoretical review were presented. Secondly, logic of instructional design for cultural and learning diversity of the students were studied as a theoretical foundation for developing instructional lesson designing in the view point of multicultural education. Thirdly, contents, methods, materials, assessment, learning environment were drawn as the elements for lesson plans based on theoretical review. Fourthly, instructional design method considering the diversity of learner was suggested. Finally, I pointed out that important thing is the quality and competency of teachers for considering the diversity of learners and equality between students in the class design. Much more important thing is that pre-service and in-service teachers have to get training to improve these qualities in teacher education institutions.
A study on the ROK army in preparation for military service policy
Authors: Na Tae-jong , Noh Yang-kyu
Published: March 2015

Korea Society is a relatively short period of time by a rapidly changing multicultural society with an understanding of multiculturalism which can accommodate the lack of social consensus. However, the increase in multicultural families, depending on the revision of the Military Service of multicultural soldiers join the military and is expected to be gradually increased. In this paper, the change of the ROK army against Military Service policies promoting the barracks to diagnose the situation and provide an alternative to environmental changes linked with Military Service Policy to build a multicultural environment in the army Military Service policy to comply with the aim of presenting written were. Our army against army Military Service policy of multiculturalism is soluble with increasing multicultural soldiers extended consideration of the conditions and when it is determined in step 3 is to be promoted. In addition, the promotion of policy measures in the barracks of the complementary laws and institutions, cultural acceptance-based military building, multicultural competence soldiers, and focus on multicultural family support calculatedness be able to promote.
Diagnóstico actual de los parámetros fisicoquímicos como indicadores de contaminación ambiental en el río Apulo, Cundinamarca - Colombia
Authors: Rincón Galán Yuliet Andrea , Daza Ardila Diana Del Socorro , Castrillón Cardona William Fernando
Published: March 2015

El Río Apulo constituye un afluente del Río Bogotá, sobre él se establecieron seis estaciones de muestreo y en cada una de ellas se realizó un muestreo para el estudio de parámetros físico-químicos, In Situ y de laboratorio. La toma de los datos se realizó durante cuatro meses realizados cada treinta días, los cuales fueron analizados en laboratorio y a partir de ellos, se obtuvieron valores de cada variable, con los cuales se determinaron los índices de Contaminación causados por: mineralización ICOMI, sólidos suspendidos ICOSUS, trofismo ICOTRO, índice de Langelier LSI e índice de saprobiedad, a partir de esto, se establecieron comparaciones entre las estaciones de muestreo en términos de contaminación, así como también sus posibles razones inferidas desde un análisis de correlación estadística entre los resul­tados obtenidos. Teniendo en cuenta los resultados de cada variable y los índices de contaminación se evalúa la acción antrópica en la cuenca del Río Apulo, la cual se demuestra en la cuantificación de sus parámetros fisicoquímicos y lo clasifica como un sistema eutrófico. Se puede deducir, que el cuerpo de agua se encuentra sometido a cierta descarga de contaminación que se hace más evidente en unas que otras estaciones y que así mismo, presenta intentos de autorecuperación que se ven interrumpidos por el constante desequilibrio ecosistémico causado por los disturbios antrópicos sobre el río.
Control de posición de un sistema bola y viga con actuadores magnéticos
Authors: Lopez Francy , Monroy Paola , Rairán Antolines José Danilo
Published: March 2015

En este artículo se realiza un control de doble lazo para el sistema bola y viga con actuadores magnéticos, además, se presenta el diseño y la construcción del prototipo correspondiente. El control se hace en tiempo real, por medio de una tarjeta de ...
Optimización de señal de control en reguladores PID con arquitectura antireset Wind-Up
Authors: Ruge Ruge Ilber Adonayt
Published: March 2015

El presente artículo muestra al lector los métodos de sintonización de controladores PID Kayser-Rajka (KR) y Astrom-Haglund (AH), con el ánimo de evaluar su desempeño frente a algunos métodos convencionales de sintonización como Ziegler-Nichols (ZN).
Ajuste de parámetros en la cadena de frío
Authors: Rodríguez Victoria , Amorrortu Itxaso , Álvarez María Jesús
Published: March 2015

Breaks in the cold chain are important economic losses in food and pharmaceutical companies. Many of the failures in the cold chain are due to improper adjustment of equipment parameters such as setting the parameters for theoretical conditions, wit...
Diseño y construcción de un instrumento prototipo para la medición de campo magnético homogéneo sinusoidal en baja frecuencia
Authors: González Muñoz Mario Alberto
Published: March 2015

En este artículo se describe el diseño y construcción de un equipo prototipo para la medición de campo magnético homogéneo sinusoidal con frecuencia de trabajo de 60 Hz, utilizando como principal herramienta un sensor de efecto Hall. El medidor cuent...
Evaluación del desempeño de la radiación emitida por el sol como sistema de suministro de energía a un pico-satélite “CUBESAT”
Authors: Hernández R. Sergio , Gómez Vargas Ernesto , Rocha A. Diego F.
Published: March 2015

En la operación de un satélite es de vital importancia la energía eléctrica, ya que esta debe alimentar todos los sistemas del mismo, tales como el de control  y  comando,  el  de  comunicaciones,  el  de control de actitud, entre otros. Esta energía puede ser obtenida, básicamente, en el espacio exterior a la Tierra de diferentes formas, ya bien sea a partir de reacciones nucleares (EN), o a partir de reacciones químicas (EQ), o bien a partir de la transformación de la energía proveniente del sol (EF).Sin importar el tipo de misión que deba ejecutar la nave espacial (comercial, militar o científica) el tamaño del satélite y el tipo de fuente de energía, se debe tener presente que esta es un recurso limitado tanto en tiempo de vida como en su valor, y que mientras más pequeño sea el satélite estas dos magnitudes decrecen de manera dramática, siendo el escenario más crítico el de un pico satélite, en donde las restricciones de tamaño y peso impiden el  uso  de  la  EN  y  la  EQ,  quedando  como  única opción el uso la EF. A esto se ha de agregar que las dimensiones de las caras del mismo (10 cm X 10 cm ) solo permiten ubicar, a lo máximo dos celdas solares por cara.Con el propósito de determinar la energía que puede suministrar el sol a un pico satélite a continuación, y de manera rápida, se estudiará la radiación emitida por el sol y la cantidad posible de esta que se encuentra disponible a la altura de la órbita del pico satélite, para lo cual se hace uso de una simulación de la misma en MATLAB.
Caracterización de recubrimientos sintetizados por el método de los precursores poliméricos
Authors: Bautista Ruiz Jorge Hernando , Aperador Chaparro William Arnulfo , Peña Rodríguez Gabriel
Published: March 2015

Se  conformaron  películas  cerámicas  del  sistema SiO2-TiO2 sintetizadas por el método de los precursores poliméricos a partir del Tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) y titaniumtetrabutoxide (TBT), un acido hidroxicarboxilico (acido cítrico) y alcohol polihidroxilico (etilenglicon). Las películas   fueron depositadas, en monocapa, sobre sustratos de acero AISI 304 mediante la técnica de inmercion (dipcuating). Se utilizaron como concentraciones de los precursores Si (silicio) 10% Ti (titanio) 90%  Si 30% y Ti 70% y Si 50% Ti 50%  que conforman el sistema. Se estudio la influencia de los recubrimientos sobre el comportamiento anticorrosivo del sustrato en una solución de acido clorhídrico (HCL), mediante la técnica Espectroscopia de Impedancia Electroquímica (EIS). Adicionalmente, se evaluó la topografía por microscopia Electrónica de Barrido (SEM) y de adhesión de los recubrimientos al sustrato. Se encontró que los valores de los parámetros estudiados cambian sustancialmente en función de las concentraciones de los precursores empleados en las síntesis.
Diseño y construcción de un prototipo para la medición de distorsión armónica en redes eléctricas
Authors: Cardona Duvan , López Danilo , Hernández Suárez Cesar Augusto
Published: March 2015

El presente artículo ilustra la forma de implementar la transformada rápida de Fourier usando el algoritmo de Cooley-Tukey, aplicado al análisis y el cálculo de la distorsión armónica en hogares y pequeñas empresas donde no se tiene la certeza de la calidad de energía que les es entregada a diario. La investigación está basada en una arquitectura de Microcontrolador para obtener un buen rendimiento con un lenguaje de alto nivel, además, se desarrollan las diferentes partes del hardware necesarias para el cálculo de la FFT de 1024 puntos y el cálculo del nivel de THD.
Efecto del SITP sobre las estructuras de pavimento flexible en la ciudad de Bogotá: un caso de estudio
Authors: Rondón Quintana Hugo Alexander , Urazán Bonells Carlos Felipe , Sánchez Cotte Edgar Humberto
Published: March 2015

La puesta en marcha del Sistema Integrado de Transporte Público (SITP) en Bogotá D.C., requerirá revisar los actuales procedimientos de diseño y mantenimiento de las estructuras de pavimento en los principales corredores por los que transitarán las rutas de transporte público. Se espera que con el SITP los conductores de los buses adopten una postura más apropiada en el tránsito: uso más intensivo del primer carril —costado derecho— y el uso de paraderos obligatorios. Estas tendencias junto con la novedad de una menor flota vehicular y mayor ocupación generarán efectos negativos sobre las estructuras de pavimento, reflejando la necesidad de incrementar las dimensiones o espesores de dichas estructuras, realizar mantenimiento más frecuente o rehabilitación anticipada. Los aspectos reportados en el presente estudio servirán para que los organismos distritales correspondientes los tengan presente en el diseño, construcción y mantenimiento de las vías bogotanas.
Un estudio sobre distribución dinámica de longitudes de onda para redes gigabit ópticas pasivas
Authors: Puerto Leguizamón Gustavo , Vallejo Avellaneda Jaime Andrés , Ramírez Ochoa Jhon Jaime
Published: March 2015

Este artículo presenta un estudio con el propósito de evaluar el impacto de la asignación dinámica de longitudes de onda en una red de acceso Gigabit óptica pasiva (GPON). En redes de acceso ópticas pasivas (PON), un terminal de línea óptico (OLT) alimenta diferentes PONs de tal forma que una longitud de onda se distribuye uniformemente entre las diferentes unidades de red óp­tica (ONU) en cada PON. Sin embargo, las redes PON no definen ningún tipo de comportamiento dinámico en la asignación de longitudes de onda en la red, a cambio, implementa una distribución de tipo completamente estático. En este artículo se evalúan las prestaciones de una red óptica de acceso en términos del caudal efectivo y tasa de paquetes perdidos en diferentes escenarios que de­scriben un número dado de ONUs, presentando un comportamiento fuera de perfil con un porcentage dado de tráfico en exceso para una distribución fija de una longitud de onda y para una asignación dinámica de varias longitudes de onda. Los resul­tados muestran que, en una operación multicanal con cuatro longitudes de onda, el caudal efectivo se incrementa un 19% sobre el ancho de banda neto para la configuración con una longitud de onda mientras que el porcentaje de paquetes per­didos se reduce un 20,2 % cuando se compara con el escenario de distribución estática.
Diseño e implementación de controladores lineales para regulación del bus DC en convertidores VSC para HVDC
Authors: Hidalgo Mora Carlos Alberto , Díaz Aldana Nelson Leonardo , Trujillo Rodríguez César Leonardo
Published: March 2015

Durante las últimas dos décadas se ha innovado y desarrollado tecnologías en los sistemas de transmisión en corriente continua. El desarrollo tecnológico en equipos y componentes electrónicos de potencia ha permitido la flexibilidad y mo-dularidad de interconexiones de varios sistemas en corriente alterna y corriente continua. En este sentido, la tecnología de sistemas de transmisión de alta tensión en corriente continua, a base de convertidores a fuente de tensión, aparece como una opción tecnológica de amplio desarrollo gracias a la facilidad y flexibilidad que ofrece en el control del flujo de potencia activa y reactiva entre sistemas de diferentes características. Por lo tanto, para una correcta operación del sistema de transmisión en alta tensión en corriente continua, se requiere una regulación del voltaje en el bus de corriente continua y el flujo de potencia reactiva entre la subestación rectificadora y la red de corriente alterna con el cual se interconecta. En el presente artículo se establecen metodologías para el modelado, identificación y diseño de con-troladores para la regulación del bus de corriente continua y el flujo de potencia reactiva en un convertidor a fuente de voltaje operando como rectificador. Adicionalmente, se abordan técnicas de control por realimentación de estados aplicadas al convertidor a fuente de voltaje. Por último, se presentan resultados prácticos obtenidos de la im-plementación de un prototipo de convertidor en conjunto con los controladores diseñados.
Análisis del procesamiento de los datos de entrada para un localizador de fallas en sistemas de distribución
Authors: Gil González Walter Julián , Mora Flórez Juan José , Pérez Londoño Sandra Milena
Published: March 2015

En este artículo se presenta una comparación de cinco métodos de normalización de datos para un método de clasificación basado en la máquina de soporte vectorial (SVM), con el objetivo de de­terminar cuál es la influencia de estos métodos en la precisión y el esfuerzo computacional del loca­lizador de fallas en sistemas de distribución. La metodología propuesta se prueba en un sistema de distribución estándar de 34 nodos de la IEEE, el cual se subdivide en 11 zonas, de donde se ob­tiene una base de datos de 6442 registros de falla monofásica a diferentes condiciones de carga. La comparación de estos métodos de normalización muestra que el método Min-Max presentó un me­jor rendimiento en tiempo computacional y pre­cisión promedio del localizador de fallas, en los casos estudiados.
Bolted join strength under parallel to grain double shear in guadua angustifolia structures
Authors: Lamus Báez Fabián Augusto , Plazas Bernal Mayra Alejandra , Luna Tamayo Patricia
Published: March 2015

En una conexión empernada de estructuras que usan Guadua angustifolia como material principal de soporte, la resistencia a la cizalladura doble paralela a la fibra puede verse influenciada por una amplia lista de parámetros, entre ellos la resistencia al aplastamiento, la resistencia al corte paralelo a la fibra de la pared del canuto y el área de contacto entre los elementos que conforman la conexión. En este documento se presentan los resultados experimentales para la resistencia a la cizalladura doble paralela a la fibra, cuando el elemento se encuentra solicitado a compresión, con diferentes diámetros de culmo. Por otra parte, se estudia la influencia del diámetro del perno y el espesor de la pared del culmo en la resistencia de la conexión. Los ensayos fueron realizados sobre especímenes de guadua rolliza con diámetros variables entre los siete y catorce centímetros en los que se emplearon pernos de 3/8, 1/2 y 3/4". La guadua ensayada provenía de las cercanías de Armenia en Colombia. Se encontró que la resistencia a la cizalladura paralela a la fibra es proporcionada en gran medida por la resistencia de la guadua a la compresión paralela a la fibra.
Planeación óptima de sistemas de distribución considerando múltiples objetivos: costo de inversión, confiabilidad y pérdidas técnicas
Authors: Mejía Solanilla Ana María , Hincapié Isaza Ricardo Alberto , Gallego Rendón Ramón Alfonso
Published: March 2015

En este artículo se propone una metodología para solucionar el problema del planeamiento multiobjetivo de sistemas de distribución de energía eléctrica, empleando un algoritmo elitista de ordenamiento no dominado (NSGA-II). Esta metodología considera cuatro modelos matemáticos, donde las funciones objetivo son costos fijos, costos variables, costos fijos y variables, y confiabilidad de la red; como conjunto de restricciones se tienen criterios técnicos y operativos. Al solucionar cada uno de estos modelos se identifican los elementos comunes, los cuales son fijados para la siguiente etapa del proceso; esto se repite hasta hallar una configuración final del sistema. De esta forma, en cada paso del algoritmo se generan especies de cortes, los cuales reducen el espacio de solución. La metodología es verificada con un sistema de distribución de la literatura especializaday se obtienen resultados que muestran la efectividad del método al encontrar un punto de equilibrio entre todos los objetivos considerados.
Spiral of Decline or “Beacon of Hope:” Stories of School Choice in a Dual Language School.
Authors: Pearson Timothy Marc , Wolgemuth Jennifer R. , Colomer Soria E.
Published: March 2015

Public schools in some areas of the U.S. are as segregated as they were prior to court-ordered busing, in part due to school choice policies that appear to exacerbate extant segregation. In particular, Latina/o students are increasingly isolated in schools characterized as being in cycles of decline. Our case study of one such school is based on a reanalysis of interview, focus group, and survey data from three research and evaluation projects. We constructed accounts of parents’ decisions to leave and remain at Martinez Elementary, a segregated dual language school experiencing increases in Latina/o and low socio-economic student enrollment and decreasing statewide standardized test scores. Interpreting Latina/o and White parents’ accounts through LatCrit theory, we sought to understand their choices to attend this school as counterstories that illustrate conflicting forces influencing Martinez, including high parent satisfaction and interest convergence between White and Latina/o parents. These stories depict a more hopeful account of a school resisting decline, yet only the adoption of managed school choice policies may be powerful enough to counter the school’s segregation.
The effects of short-term high-intensity interval training vs. moderate-intensity continuous training on plasma levels of nesfatin-1 and inflammatory markers
Authors: Ahmadizad Sajad , Avansar Alireza Salimi , Ebrahim Khosrow , Avandi Mohsen , Ghasemikaram Mansour
Published: March 2015

Objectives: Exercise training is an effective method of weight management, and knowing about its influence on the hormones involved in the regulation of food intake and inflammation could be useful for body weight management. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the effects of 6 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous exercise training (MCT) on nesfatin-1, interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α).

Design and methods: Thirty sedentary overweight men (Mean±SD; age, 25±1 years) were divided into three (n=10) body mass index-matched groups. The participants in the training groups performed either HIIT or MCT protocols 3 days per week for 6 weeks followed by a week of detraining.

Results: Plasma IL-6 and TNF-α did not significantly change after training, but nesfatin increased significantly only with HIIT compared with the control group (p<0.05). In addition, fasting glucose, insulin, and homeostasis model estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), decreased significantly following both HIIT and MCT training (p<0.05). After a detraining period, the plasma nesfatin-1 did not return to pre-training levels in the HIIT group.

Conclusions: Both the HIIT and MCT groups had similar effects on inflammatory markers and insulin resistance in men who are overweight, but the HIIT seems to have better anorectic effects (as indicated by nesfatin) compared with MCT.
Das Judentum in frührabbinischer Zeit. Zu neuen Entwicklungen in der Forschung
Authors: Stemberger Günter
Published: March 2015

Die jüdische Geschichte in den etwa 150 Jahren nach der Zerstörung Jerusalems durch Titus (70 n. Chr.) bis in das frühe 3. Jahrhundert bleibt trotz umfangreicher v.a. rabbinischer Quellen in vielen Punkten umstritten. Das rabbinische Judentum, die einzige umfassend dokumentierte Form des Judentums dieser Zeit, war sicher sogar in Palästina nur eine Minderheit, nicht repräsentativ für das religiös und kulturell äußerst vielfältige Judentum der Zeit. Eine von Rom anerkannte jüdische Vertretung in der Person des Patriarchen ist nicht vor dem 3. Jahrhundert gesichert. Damit konnten Patriarch und Rabbinen auch nicht eine Trennung des Judentums vom Christentum erwirken – diese war vielmehr ein langer, regional unterschiedlicher Prozess, der auch durch den fiscus Judaicus nicht endgültig entschieden wurde. Erst im 3. Jahrhundert nimmt der Einfluss der Rabbinen in Palästina langsam zu. Die Diaspora (vor allem für Rom und Kleinasien haben wir anfangs literarische Belege, später dann fast ausschließlich Inschriften und Synagogenbauten) nahm eine eigene Entwicklung; rabbinisch bezeugte Romreisen einzelner Rabbinen ändern daran nichts. Erst mit der Christianisierung Palästinas ab Konstantin wird jüdisches Leben im Land wieder sichtbarer, vor allem durch zahlreiche Synagogenbauten, die parallel zu Kirchenbauten und gleichsam im Wettstreit mit dem Christentum entstanden, die aber nach wie vor von den Rabbinen unabhängig waren. Erst ab dem 5. Jahrhundert mehren sich Zeichen einer kulturellen Annäherung von Diaspora und Palästina, ein langsames Vordringen des Hebräischen und Ansätzen rabbinisch geprägter Religiosität auch in der Diaspora.
A Proposal for the Time Domain Modeling of Split Air Conditioners for Consumer Reimbursement Studies
Authors: Rezende Paulo Henrique Oliveira , Almeida Junior Afonso Bernardino , Gondim Isaque Nogueira , Oliveira José Carlos
Published: March 2015

This paper deals with computer application procedures for the evaluation of the causal consistency between anomalous phenomena manifested in electrical networks, along with the physical damage associated with electrical equipment and possible reimbursement requests. The focus is on the development of an air conditioner appliance model of the type known as split founded upon a representation, in the time domain, in accordance with the Alternative Transients Program (ATP) simulator requirements. This approach permits investigations concerning the performance of the product when submitted to ideal and non-ideal supply conditions. Once the equipment model is implemented in the program, a set of investigative studies are carried out to show the device performance under specific energy quality disturbance conditions. In addition, there are still the results for the validation of the process established through the correlation between computational performance of the air conditioner with corresponding studies carried out experimentally, which are presented herein. Moreover, once the effectiveness of the developed model is verified, it is implemented into the Requests for Reimbursement Software. Investigations related to the correlation between disturbances and the levels of thermal and dielectric tolerance are then performed aiming at illustrating the use of the research results for the reimbursement analyzes purposes.
Was ist Computerleistung am Arbeitsplatz?
Authors: Heinrich L. J.
Published: March 2015

Der Beitrag erläutert das subjektive Verständnis des Begriffes ,,Computerleistung am Arbeitsplatz" als Schlagwort für eine progressive Gestaltungsphilosophie computergestützter Informationssysteme. Sie impliziert sowohl die Anwendung moderner Hard- und Softwaretechnologien, wie sie für die 80er Jahre bestimmend sein werden, als auch die in den Vordergrund rückende Berücksichtigung der sowohl von der Arbeitsaufgabe bestimmten als auch der subjektiven Benutzerbedürfnisse. Sie verbindet damit ,, Distributed Data Processing" als ein technologisches Konzept mit ..Benutzerorientierung". Die Gestaltungsbereiche der Benutzerorientierung - Arbeitsmittel und Arbeitsumwelt, Mensch- Computer-Interaktionsschnittstelle sowie die Arbeitsorganisation - werden erläutert. Gestaltungsmaßnahmen werden beispielhaft angegeben, und es wird auf die weiterführende Literatur verwiesen; dabei steht das im Oldenbourg- Verlag erschienene Buch ,,Computerleistung am Arbeitsplatz - benutzerorientiertes Distributed Data Processing" im Vordergrund.
Formale Beschreibung der Funktion von Peripheriegeräten/ Peripheral devices: a formal description of their behaviour
Authors: Stoffel C.
Published: March 2015

Nachdem die Unzulänglichkeit verbaler Beschreibungen der Schnittstelle zwischen Apparatur und Progammatur erkannt war, wurden zur präzisen Beschreibung der Funktionsweise der Apparatur hauptsächlich algorithmische Sprachen verwendet. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird ein Automat zur formalen Beschreibung von Peripheriegeräten verwendet. Die Beschreibungsmethode wird am Beispiel eines Magnetbandgerätes demonstriert. Weiter wird gezeigt, wie die Beschreibungsmethode zur Beurteilung der Funktionsweise der Apparatur sowie zur Formulierung von Konstruktionsprinzipien für die Apparaturschnittstelle eingesetzt werden kann.
Multiprocessor system for the real-time digital processing of video-image series / Ein Multiprozessorsystem für die digitale Verarbeitung von Fernsehbildserien in Echtzeit
Authors: G. C. Nicolae , Höhne Κ. H.
Published: March 2015

In the course of a project for the analysis of X-ray picture series a new system for the digital processing of video-image series has been developed. It allows the real time digitization (up to 512 pixels/line, 8 bits/pixel), and high speed processing of video-picture series and a presentation of results in an easily interpretable way by a colour TV-display processor. As a characteristic of the system the extreme requirements concerning the digitization and processing speed (with data rates up to 80 Mbaud) are met by a realization in the form of a multiprocessor structure. The microprogrammed special processors communicate via a high speed asynchronous bus with a throughput of 15 Mwords/ s. Their functions are controlled by the commands of a host computer (e.g. PDP U/45). In order to achieve the above performance, structured design methods such as Petri-nets have been applied, which give rise to a more transparent design, better documentation and shorter implementation times. This paper describes the design, the structure, the programming and the application of the system.
Growth hormone deficiency in a patient with mitochondrial disease
Authors: Rocha Vera , Rocha Dalila , Santos Helena , Marques Jorge Sales
Published: March 2015

: Mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) disorders, defined as primary diseases of the oxidative phosphorylation system, are a protean group of metabolic disorders, difficult to diagnose and classify. The diagnosis is complex and requires the integration of information obtained by clinical, laboratory testing, imaging and muscle biopsy. They may be associated with endocrine disorders, including hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus, hyperinsulinemia and growth hormone (GH) deficiency.

: We describe a case of five years old male with polymalformative syndrome with a systemic involvement. At 6 months of age, he was sent to metabolic consultation because of facial dysmorphy and short stature. During the investigation it was diagnosed at the boy a growth hormone deficiency and because of his multisystemic involvement, muscle biopsy was carried out and showed reduced activity of complex II (38%) of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Currently, the boy is under GH therapy with growth in the 5th percentile and coenzime Q10.

: Mitochondrial biology is one of the fastest growing areas in genetics and medicine. Disturbances in mitochondrial metabolism are now known to play a role not only in rare childhood diseases, but also in many common diseases of aging. In mitochondrial disorders, short stature is a common symptom, but its underlying lesion, growth hormone deficiency, is rarely investigated.
Der Einfluss des Spurenelements Zink auf das Immunsystem
Authors: Schubert Claudia , Guttek Karina , Reinhold Annegret , Grüngreiff Kurt , Reinhold Dirk
Published: March 2015

Klinische und experimentelle Untersuchungen haben gezeigt, dass enge Wechselwirkungen zwischen dem essentiellen Spurenelement Zink und dem Immunsystem existieren. Zink beeinflusst die zellulären und humoralen Komponenten sowohl des angeborenen als auch des erworbenen Immunsystems. Zinkmangelzustände beim Menschen sind häufig mit einer gestörten Immunfunktion, also einem sekundären Immundefekt vergesellschaftet. Je nach zugrundeliegender Ursache des Zinkmangels führt eine kontrollierte Zinksubstitution zu einer Normalisierung des Serumzinks, der Zinkhomöostase des Körpers und zu einer Verbesserung der Immunfunktion. In vitro wirken geringe Zinkkonzentrationen stimulierend auf funktionelle Parameter von Immunzellen, höhere Zinkkonzentrationen sind supprimierend oder zytotoxisch für diese Zellen. Arbeiten der letzten Jahre belegen die immunsuppressive Wirkung von Zink in T-Zell-vermittelten autoimmunen Tiermodellen, wie der Experimentellen Autoimmunen Enzephalomyelitis (EAE). Zudem wurde bei einer Reihe von Autoimmunerkrankungen eine Abnahme der Serum-/Plasma-Zinkkonzentrationen nachgewiesen. In zukünftigen klinischen Studien sollte bei diesen Erkrankungen der mögliche Einsatz einer kontrollierten immunsuppressiven Zinktherapie geprüft werden.
North Korea in 2014
Authors: Hayes Peter , Cavazos Roger
Published: March 2015

In 2014, North Korea neither overcame its isolation due to its nuclear weapons and hostile geostrategic posture nor reformed its economy. Kim Jong Un learned on the job, consolidated his leadership, avoided military risk, and opened new channels to South Korea, Japan, and Russia to reduce dependence on China.
The United States and Asia in 2014
Authors: Tow William T.
Published: March 2015

Visible U.S. efforts to sustain influence in the Asia-Pacific met with mixed success. President Barack Obama’s visit to the region reinforced alliance commitments, but U.S. policy momentum on regional trade and diplomacy remained sluggish. Washington’s effective management of its relations with Beijing remains the key factor to how well the U.S. will fare with other regional actors and issues.
Malaysia in 2014
Authors: Ping Lee Poh
Published: March 2015

The year 2014 saw four significant developments in Malaysia: the mishandling of the missing flight MH 370 jetliner; rejection of the use of the term “Allah” in a Malay-language Christian publication; an anti-sedition blitz; and the resignation of the Selangor chief minister. However, Malaysia managed its foreign and economic affairs reasonably well.
Due Process in EU antitrust proceedings – causa finita after Menarini?
Authors: Brei Gerald
Published: March 2015

And these men are my judges? My lord treasurer, Towards you I will be just, be you but just To me. ‘Tis said that you consult with zeal The good of England, and of England’s queen; Are honest, watchful, indefatigable; I will believe it. Not your private ends, Your sovereign and your country’s weal alone, Inspire your counsels and direct your deeds. Therefore, my noble lord, you should the more Distrust your heart; should see that you mistake not The welfare of the government for justice.

Friedrich Schiller, Mary Stuart (Act I Scene 7)
Working conditions and leisure‐time physical activity among waged workers in South Korea: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Kim Chungah , Cho Youngtae
Published: March 2015

Working conditions and leisure‐time physical activity among waged workers in South Korea: A cross‐sectional study: Chungah Kim, et al. School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea

Objective

Although waged workers' working conditions have notably diversified in South Korea, there is little research addressing this issue. This study explores the relationship between working conditions and engagement in leisure‐time physical activities (LTPA) among waged workers in South Korea.

Methods

Data from 19‐ to 64‐year‐old waged workers (men=2,562, women=1,627) from the 11th wave of the Korean Income and Labor Panel Study were included in this study. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the association between LTPA and working conditions by gender.

Results

More than 75% of employed persons did not participate in any type of LTPA. For male workers, those in manual, precarious, overtime, and non‐shift positions were less likely to engage in LTPA, while for female workers, only manual and overtime work positions were significant factors influencing a low level of LTPA.

Conclusions

Some negative work‐related factors were associated with low LTPA, especially for male workers. Further studies should be conducted to clarify the pathways and barriers precluding engagement in LTPA due to work‐related factors.
Gangliocytic Paraganglioma: a Rare Cause of Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Authors: Boeriu Alina , Dobru Daniela , Georgescu Rareș , Mocan Simona , Boeriu Cristian
Published: March 2015

Duodenal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are rare tumors, consisting of five different types of tumors. In many cases, they may be asymptomatic, leading to delay in diagnosis. Clinical symptoms are related to local tumor growth and mucosal ulceration. We report a 38-year old man with duodenal gangliocytic paraganglioma causing overt upper gastrointestinal bleeding and anemia. We describe specific clinical and histopathological features of the tumor, and review the diagnostic and therapeutic strategy. Gangliocytic paragangliomas are regarded as benign tumors. However, the disease recurrence and the malignant potential of the tumor have also been reported.
Saccharomyces boulardii for the Prevention of Hospital Onset Clostridium difficile Infection
Authors: Flatley Elizabeth A. , Wilde Ashley M. , Nailor Michael D.
Published: March 2015

Background & Aims: Probiotics, including Saccharomyces boulardii, have been advocated for the prevention of Clostridium difficile infection. The aim of this project was to evaluate the effects of the removal of S. boulardii from an automatic antibiotic order set and hospital formulary on hospital onset C. difficile infection rates.Method. Design: A retrospective chart review was performed on all patients with hospital onset C. difficile infection during the 13 months prior (control group) and the 13 months after (study group) removal of an automatic order set linking S. boulardii capsules to certain broad spectrum antibiotics. Setting: A large 800+ bed tertiary hospitalResults: Among all hospitalized patients, the rate of hospital onset C. difficile infection was 0.99 per 1000 patient days while the S. boulardii protocol was active compared with 1.04 per 1000 patient days (p=0.10) after S. boulardii was removed from the formulary. No difference in the rate of hospital onset C. difficile infection was detected in patients receiving the linked broad spectrum antibiotics during and after the removal of the protocol (1.25% vs. 1.51%, respectively; p=0.70).Conclusions: Removal of S. boulardii administration to patients receiving broad spectrum antibiotics and the hospital formulary did not impact the rate of hospital onset C. difficile infection in either the hospital population or patients receiving broad spectrum antibiotics.