bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enseñanza de la teoría de grafos en la escuela secundaria basada en la modelación geométrica y la resolución de problemas
Authors: Vizcaya Luz Marina Fonseca , Velásquez Osvaldo de Jesús Rojas
Published: January 2024

El desarrollo del pensamiento matemático es fundamental para el avance cognitivo del estudiante. En esta investigación se busca modelar geométricamente conceptos de la teoría de grafos mediante la resolución de problemas en un contexto escolar real y auténtico, para contribuir al desarrollo del pensamiento matemático.  Este estudio se desarrolla con un enfoque cualitativo y un diseño de investigación acción. El análisis de los resultados evidencia: el fortalecimiento de habilidades de exploración, de descubrimiento y de razonamiento, relacionados con la matemática discreta; el alcance de destrezas para la resolución de problemas retadores en contextos auténticos, y la creación de sentido a una situación real. Además, se reconoce que la teoría de grafos y la modelación geométrica tienen una correspondencia que permite el desarrollo robusto de habilidades matemáticas y heurísticas significativas para la construcción del conocimiento y la creación de significado matemático, aportando al progreso del pensamiento matemático.
Enfrentamento da pandemia COVID-19 e a qualidade de vida no trabalho
Authors: Rolim Nivya Carla de Oliveira Pereira , De Oliveira Amanda Silva , Andrade Bruna Rafaella Carvalho , Sales Maria de Fátima Santos , Camara Juliana de Paulo , Sardinha Ana Hélia de Lima
Published: January 2024

Avaliar a Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho dos Enfermeiros diante do enfrentamento a pandemia da COVID-19. Estudo transversal com abordagem quantitativa com 83 Enfermeiros nas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva de assistência a COVID-19 de hospitais públicos de São Luís, Maranhão. Utilizaram-se questionários de avaliação sociodemográfica e Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho. Foi utilizado o programa estatístico SPSS22 (2013), sendo que na análise da estatística descritiva das variáveis sociodemográficas e numéricas (esferas e aspectos) foi efetivada uma estimativa de média e desvio-padrão. Predominaram as mulheres (90,4%), entre 30 a 39 anos (47%), pardas (51,8%), solteiras (42,7%) filhos (60,2%), católicas (47,6%), residiam com esposo ou companheiro (53%), imóvel próprio (67,1%). Destacou-se entre os domínios da Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho a esfera Psicológica e Comportamental, com ênfase para a significância da tarefa com a média (4,57). Apesar de alguns aspectos apresentarem avaliação insatisfatória, no geral foi satisfatória, o que pode ser percebido na avaliação da significância da tarefa para os Enfermeiros dentro deste contexto.
Apresentação de atividades práticas que contribuem para o ensino de genética no ensino médio
Authors: Liebmann Simone Ponath , Corrêa Edailson de Alcântara , De Almeida Edslei Rodrigues
Published: January 2024

O ensino de Genética no ensino médio ainda é voltado para a parte teórica do conteúdo esquecendo-se de relacionar o cotidiano dos alunos com a Ciência, o que provoca uma dificuldade e desmotivação para o ensino e aprendizagem. Isso demanda que a forma de abordar os conteúdos de Genética seja complementada com atividades práticas que facilitam o entendimento do conteúdo e envolva as vivências desse estudante tornando um aprendizado prazeroso e não apenas a memorização do conteúdo explicado pelo professor. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho é realizar uma reflexão e apresentação das principais práticas, encontradas em publicações em periódicos da área do ensino e da educação, elaboradas com material de baixo custo e acessível, que contribuem com o ensino e aprendizagem de Genética que foram realizadas com estudantes do ensino médio. Pois as atividades práticas despertam a curiosidade do estudante pelo conhecimento tornando-os protagonistas da sua vida e, portanto, da sua aprendizagem, além de favorecer para que sejam jovens autônomos para fazerem suas escolhas. E solidários com o próximo, pois entendem que existem diferenças que são explicadas pela Biologia como a hereditariedade e as alterações genéticas e assim acabam se tornando jovens competentes para resolverem e mediarem questões sociais.
Reflexões sobre o comportamento suicida e o plantão psicológico
Authors: Teixeira Eder Oliveira , Souza Sandra , Da Silva Marisia Oliveira , Franken Ieda , Felix Vitória Silva , De Oliveira Thalita Regina Albuquerque , E Oliveira Regiane Aparecida da Silva Coelho
Published: January 2024

O comportamento suicida é definido por ideação, planejamento, tentativa e ato suicida consumado e revela um pensamento austero de que a morte é mais interessante que a vida. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental retrospectiva de abordagem quanti-qualitativa e de caráter exploratório que teve como objetivo desenhar o perfil sociodemográfico dos usuários do Plantão Psicológico (PP) da Clínica-Escola de Psicologia, da UFPB, no ano de 2019, e compreender, sob o enfoque teórico-prático da ACP, a partir dos prontuários preenchidos pelos plantonistas, as queixas e demandas dos usuários relacionadas ao comportamento suicida. Foram utilizadas as fichas sociodemográficas e os prontuários dos usuários atendidos pelo PP, de diferentes gêneros, maiores de 18 anos, e que apresentavam queixas relacionadas ao comportamento suicida. Para o perfil sociodemográfico, foram analisadas 53 fichas dos atendimentos realizados, resultando majoritariamente em mulheres, solteiras, cristãs, com idade média de 26 anos, estudantes na UFPB, que moram com a família em João Pessoa, com renda pessoal de até um salário mínimo e renda familiar de até três salários, que já tiveram atendimento psicológico, por até seis meses, sem psicodiagnóstico e não faziam uso de psicofármacos. Eram pessoas que chegaram até o PP, porque souberam da existência do serviço através de amigos e familiares, que buscaram o serviço por demanda espontânea, e, que compareceram apenas a um atendimento. Para a análise clínica dos usuários, foi feita análise de conteúdo de 61 prontuários, identificando-se nove categorias: noções do eu; plantão psicológico; comportamento suicida, relações humanas; violência; processos de saúde; luto; ocupação e sustento; finalizando com a categoria álcool e outras drogas, as quais também abarcaram subcategorias. Tal estudo evidenciou a importância do acolhimento em situação de emergência sob os pressupostos da Abordagem Centrada na Pessoa, onde o Plantão Psicológico tem se apresentado como uma relevante ferramenta na promoção e prevenção em saúde.
Incidência de ferrugem, carvão e falhas em área de cultivo de cana-de-açúcar
Authors: Pereira Aleksander Samuel Fidelis , Sousa Gabriel Batista , De Lima Luiz Enrick Rocha , Marques Thiago do Nascimento Borges , Gomes Matheus Augusto Vieira , Novais João Vitor Lemes , Marques Mônica Lau da Silva , Rodovalho Renato Souza
Published: January 2024

A cana-de-açúcar é a principal cultura cultivada para a produção de açúcar e álcool no país, sendo também uma das culturas mais antigas implantadas no Brasil. Tendo em vista o potencial prejudicial destas doenças, o objetivo foi avaliar a incidência de carvão, ferrugem e falhas nas linhas de cana-de-açúcar recém reformada. Para a avaliação foi determinada uma malha amostral regular com 105 pontos, distribuídos num espaçamento de 20 x 20 m, sendo na entrelinha da cana-de-açúcar, observando a incidência dos dois lados. No diagnóstico visual foi possível a observação da presença de Puccinia melanocephala e Sporisorium scitaminae em plantas de cana-de-açúcar. Com relação a incidência dos fungos, 70,47% dos pontos apresentaram incidência de Puccinia melanocephala e 68,57% a incidência de Sporisorium scitaminae.
Educação escolar indígena e a valorização da cultura: o ensino Yaathe na preservação da identidade do povo Fulni-ô
Authors: Cavalcanti Alaide Maria Bezerra , Cavalcanti Ana Cláudia Rocha
Published: January 2024

Atualmente, a educação escolar indígena brasileira objetiva promover a preservação e a valorização da identidade dos povos originários que, historicamente tiveram seus direitos usurpados, dentro de uma perspectiva de assimilação cultural, colonialista e civilizatória. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo analisa o problema público da educação indígena a partir do ensino da língua materna Yaathe na preservação da identidade do povo Fulni-ô. O trabalho revisa criticamente a literatura pertinente à educação indígena de modo a identificar os principais entraves à melhoria do sistema educacional. O artigo apresenta como resultado a relevância de um processo de escolarização que garante a perspectiva intercultural e o respeito às diversidades para a valorização da identidade dos povos. Espera-se, a partir da análise realizada elencar os avanços e retrocessos da implementação dessa política pública de educação específica indígena, a partir do processo histórico de resistência do povo Fulni-ô e da preservação de sua língua materna.
Perdas por homicídio e experiências do luto: uma revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Dos Santos Felipe Plácido , Ramos Camila Maria de Oliveira , Aragão Francisca Alana Araújo , Melo Kayline Macêdo , Feijão Georgia Maria Melo
Published: January 2024

O homicídio ocasiona vítimas em diversos níveis, incluindo as que são diretamente atingidas e permanecem consistentes com as estatísticas fornecidas, e as que foram indiretamente atingidas pelo homicídio sem vivenciar a violência letal. O presente artigo se propôs investigar a produção científica sobre as experiências de luto dos familiares de vítimas de homicídios. Para isso, realizou-se uma revisão sistemática da literatura, selecionando artigos publicados em português, inglês e espanhol, entre 2013 e 2023, nas bases de dados do SciELO, MEDLINE e LILACS. Como resultado, foram analisados 25 artigos. Os resultados indicaram a crescente violência de homicídios, gerando impactos severos e diversos na vida dos familiares das vítimas e a urgência de ações específicas direcionadas a famílias enlutadas por homicídios, considerando a diversidade de experiências e a complexidade do luto nesse contexto. Ainda, salienta-se que as associações únicas entre características do luto e problemas de saúde mental requerem pesquisas adicionais e validação das distintas reações, dimensões e experiências do luto. Por fim, aponta-se a falta de suporte eficaz, especialmente em contextos em que a violência homicida é prevalente, e a necessidade urgente de intervenções voltadas para populações em vulnerabilidade social.
Communication Media Public Relations Unit Work Special Executor Upstream Oil and Gas Activities in supports the 1 Million Barrel Oil Per Day 2030 Program
Authors: Atmaja Suhendra , Kuswarno Engkus , Priyatna Suganda , Yusuf Pawit M
Published: January 2024

Objective: The aim of this research is to define the role of media relations implementation at SKK Migas, Public Relations plays more of a role as a communication technician and facilitator. As a communications technician, Public Relations plays the role of creating and implementing Media Relations activities, where Public Relations is not placed as a source of information in Media Relations activities.
 
Method: The research method used is a case study method, because this research aims to observe real events that occurred in media relations carried out by the Special Task Force for Upstream Oil and Gas Activities to realize the program for handling oil reserves with stakeholders in Indonesia. The things examined in this research are related to the data and facts contained in the implementation of the Special Oil and Gas Working Unit program, a single 1 Million BPOD program. This research provides a relatively complete picture of what happened when the research was conducted.
 
Results: The results of research on the program implementation process in operational activities in the upstream oil and gas industry are known to often encounter obstacles. Various problems in the operational activities of the upstream oil and gas industry have resulted in two broad outlines that are relevant to the function of public relations. Negative reporting in the media, relations with local media and local journalism organizations are examples of the main focus of all discussions in the Media and Publications section.
Modified optical port entry site for laparoscopic cholecystectomy: Our experience
Authors: Shinde Pravin , Gajjar Aarsh , Karvande Rajiv
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The four-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a recognized entity in the surgical management of gallstone disease. We report our experience and feasibility of optical port entry site modification.

Material and Methods: To assess the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic cholecystectomy with a different port placement, we undertook a prospective study with 60 patients at Seth GSMC and KEM Hospital, India between Jan 2022 and July 2022. Our study offered the benefit of a flexible optical port entry site, using a 5 mm optical trocar instead of the conventional 10 mm trocar. A single surgeon did all the cases and definite criteria of simple cases of gallstone disease patterned on clinical and radiological grounds.

Results: 60 cases of gallstone disease were subjected to the new technique of laparoscopic cholecystectomy over seven months. 39 cases were females and 21 were males. The age range of our patients was between 20 and 55 years with a median age of 39 years. Mean Body mass index 30 (range 25 - 37). The mean operative time was 30 min (range 15 - 45 min) and a follow-up period ranged from 10 to 14 months. No cases were converted to open. We did not encounter any untoward mishaps during surgery.

Discussion: Our modification of the optical port placement and size received good results and patient satisfaction. Moreover, the placement of the port at a site further from the midline and umbilicus decreases the risk of development of trocar site incisional hernia.
Necrotizing fasciitis – two case reports and literature review
Authors: Molasy Bartosz , Frydrych Mateusz
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a rare, rapidly progressing infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. NF can lead to massive tissue necrosis, resulting in sepsis, septic shock and death. In this disease, it is important to quickly diagnose and implement appropriate treatment.

Aim: Analysis of the diagnostic and therapeutic process in two clinical cases and a review of the literature on the methods of diagnosis and treatment of necrotizing fasciitis.

Material and methods: The medical data of two patients hospitalized in the St Alexander Hospital in Kielce from December 2022 to June 2023 due to necrotizing fasciitis were analyzed. Also literature search across PubMed, Medline and Research Gate databases from 2000 up to 2023 was performed. We reviewed English literature according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The following keywords were used: necrotizing fasciitis, etiopathogenesis, pathophysiology, management.

Results: The research group consisted of two male patients with NF after trauma, in different parts of the body. Based on the clinical examination, the results of laboratory and imaging tests, a diagnosis was made and appropriate treatment was initiated. Despite the applied treatment, one patient died as a result of progressive multiple organ failure.

Conclusions: Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, including universal access to antibiotics, necrotizing fasciitis still cause high mortality. The microbiological complexity of the majority of cases and non-specific symptoms make the diagnostic and therapeutic process difficult. Taking into account necrotizing fasciitis each time in the differential diagnosis of inflammation of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, especially based on trauma, will allow to reduce morbidity and mortality in this disease.
IFRS ADOPTION AND EARNINGS MANAGEMENT PRACTICES: EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIAN LISTED CONSUMER GOODS COMPANIES
Authors:   Department of Accounting, Anchor University Lagos, OYENEYE Temitope , ABIMBOYE Mathew ,   Nigerian Institute of Public Relations, ODUWOLE Foluke ,   Federal Polytechnic Ilaro, UWUIGBE Uwalomwa ,   Department of Accounting, University of Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman, & Directorate of Research Development Walter Sisulu University South Africa
Published: January 2024

Earnings Management, discretionary accruals, IFRS adoption, consumer goods firms, Nigeria. The study looked at earnings management practices in Nigerian consumer goods firms between pre and post-adoption of IFRS and earnings management in Nigeria. It involved twenty-one Nigerian firms in the Nigeria Exchange Group, with nine being sampled due to data availability. The Modified Jones Model, a well-known profits management model created by Dechow, Sloan, and Sweeney in 1995, was used. This research examined how IFRS has affected the way companies in Nigeria control their earnings from 2012 to 2022. The study examined earnings management practices in Nigerian consumer goods companies using an ex-post facto research design and non-parametric tests. Results showed no significant change in earnings management practices due to the adoption of IFRS.
TERAPIA COM CÉLULAS TRONCO HEMATOPOIÉTICAS COLHIDAS DO CORDÃO UMBILICAL EM DOENÇAS NEUROLÓGICAS
Authors: Silva Júlia Enes Medeiros , Gomes Danielly , Santos Luiz Eduardo Canton , Gotardelo Daniel Riani
Published: January 2024

INTRODUÇÃO: As doenças neurológicas representam um grande desafio para a medicina, pois muitas delas ainda não têm cura e a sua progressão pode levar à incapacidade funcional e à perda da qualidade de vida do paciente. Dentre as diversas estratégias terapêuticas estudadas para o tratamento de doenças neurológicas, a terapia com células-tronco vem ganhando destaque. Apesar do crescente interesse na terapia com células-tronco para doenças neurológicas, ainda há uma escassez de trabalhos que explorem especificamente o potencial terapêutico das células-tronco hematopoiéticas (CTH) do cordão umbilical nesse contexto. OBJETIVO: avaliar a eficácia e a segurança da terapia com células-tronco hematopoiéticas colhidas do cordão umbilical em doenças neurológicas, incluindo doenças cerebrais, medulares e ganglionares. METODOLOGIA: foi realizado um extenso levantamento bibliográfico e a revisão integrativa buscou examinar as opções terapêuticas disponíveis, bem como analisar a efetividade dessas abordagens no que se refere à melhoria dos sintomas neurológicos, regeneração do tecido afetado, controle da progressão da doença e prevenção de complicações adicionais. Os trabalhos selecionados foram publicados no período de 2018 a 2023 a partir de pesquisa realizada nas bases de dados Medline, Pubmed, Portal Regional da BVS e Lilacs. RESULTADOS: Embora o tratamento de condições neurológicas com células-tronco hematopoiéticas do cordão umbilical ainda seja experimental, resultados positivos têm sido relatados em crianças com paralisia cerebral e encefalopatia hipóxica isquêmica, incluindo melhora da função cognitiva e motora. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: Apesar dos avanços alcançados até o momento, ainda há muito a ser descoberto sobre o uso terapêutico das CTH. É necessário compreender melhor os mecanismos de diferenciação e a interação das CTH com o ambiente microcelular para otimizar as estratégias de transplante e melhorar os resultados clínicos. Além disso, a identificação de marcadores específicos que permitam a seleção e a expansão das CTH de forma mais eficiente é um campo de pesquisa em constante evolução.
Analisis Pengaruh Penambahan Limbah Tailing PT. Freeport Sebagai Bahan Stabilisasi Tanah Pada Lapis Pondasi Jalan
Authors: Irianto Irianto , Sitorus Pangeran Holong , Mabui Didik S S , Rochmawati Reny , Lapian Franky E P
Published: January 2024

Stabilisasi tanah adalah suatu proses untuk memperbaiki sifat-sifat tanah dengan menambahkan bahan aditif agar dapat menaikkan kekuatan tanah. Tanah lempung adalah jenis tanah yang memiliki nilai daya dukung yang kecil sehingga diperlukan upaya stabilisasi agar dapat meningkatkan nilai daya dukungnya. Wilayah Indonesia cenderung mempunyai tanah jenis lempung contohnya seperti daerah Universitas Musamus, Rimba Jaya, Kabupaten Merauke, Provinsi Papua Selatan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui karakteristik tanah dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan semen + tailing terhadap nilai kuat tekan bebas. Di dalam penelitian ini, proses stabilisasi yaitu mencampur tanah asli dengan semen + tailing dalam berbagai variasi yaitu 8% semen + 5% tailing, 8% semen + 10% tailing, dan 8% semen + 15% tailing. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa sampel tanah dapat diklasifikasikan sebagai tanah lempung dengan plastisitas tinggi yaitu A-6 menurut AASHTO. Penambahan semen dan tailing mempengaruhi nilai kuat tekan bebas, tanah asli memiliki nilai kuat tekan 9.62 kg/  setelah distabilisasi dengan kadar 8% semen dan tailing dengan variasi kadar 5%, 10% dan 15% nilai UCS yang didapatkan adalah 21.73 kg/ , 24.95 kg/ , dan 26.19 kg/ . Selain itu, hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan semen dan tailing dengan variasi persentase dapat meningkatkan nilai CBR soaked menjadi 10.71% dengan persentase optimum pada kadar fly ash 15%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa semen dan tailing mampu menaikkan daya dukung tanah lempung.
Soil stabilization is a process to improve soil properties by adding additives to increase soil strength. Clay soil is a type of soil that has a small bearing capacity, therefore stabilization is needed to increase its bearing capacity value. The majority of Indonesia's territory tends to have clay soil type, for example, around Muramus University, Rimba Jaya, Merauke, South Papua. The aim of this research is to determine the characteristics of the soil and to ensure the effectiveness of the addition of cement and tailing on the value of unconfined compressive strength. In this research, the stabilization process involved mixing original soil with cement + tailing in any variations, which is 8% cement + 5% tailing ash, 8% cement + 10% tailing, and 8% cement + 15% tailing. The soil sample can be classified as clay with high plasticity, namely A-6 according to AASHTO. The addition of cement + tailing affects the value of unconfined compressive strength, the original soil has a compressive strength value of 9.62 kg/cm2 after stabilization with 8% cement and tailing with varying levels of 5%, 10% and 15% UCS values ​​obtained are 21.73 kg/ , 24.95 kg/ , dan 26.19 kg/ . In addition, the results shows that the addition of cement and tailing with varying percentages can increase the soaked CBR value to 10.71% with the optimum percentage at 15% tailing composition.
Revitalizing Urban Resilience in Thailand: Exploring Conceptual Frameworks and Terminology
Authors: Palakhamarn Thawatchai , Kamolvej Tavida
Published: January 2024

This article presents a comprehensive exploration of urban resilience in the Thai context, focusing on the integration of frameworks, interpretation of concepts, and their transformative potential. Through examination and interpretation of scholarly articles, reports, policy documents, and relevant publications, we unravel the conceptual frameworks and terminology specific to Thailand’s urban resilience landscape. The study reveals the multidimensional nature of urban resilience, encompassing physical, environmental, social, economic, and institutional dimensions. By contrasting global and local terminologies, we emphasize the importance of contextualizing resilience concepts in terms of conditions that are uniquely Thai. The evolution of resilience-related terminology reflects Thailand’s shift towards a holistic and inclusive approach, emphasizing community-based processes, sustainability, and environmental protection. The implications for policy and practice offer actionable insights to foster resilience in Thai cities. Integrating local knowledge with global frameworks, fostering collaboration among stakeholders, promoting capacity building and knowledge sharing, and prioritizing monitoring and evaluation emerge as key strategies. These approaches aim to build resilient, sustainable, and inclusive urban environments that can withstand the challenges posed by climate change, rapid urbanization, and social disparities. This research serves as a foundation for further exploration, inspiring scholars, policymakers, and practitioners to delve deeper into the multifaceted aspects of Thailand’s urban resilience. By refining our understanding and harnessing collective wisdom, we can develop context-specific solutions that address the unique challenges faced by cities globally.
Rural-Urban Interactions: Potential or Constraint to Rural Development? Lessons from Western Bagamoyo District, Tanzania
Authors: Sokoni Cosmas
Published: January 2024

This paper discusses the contribution of rural-urban interaction to rural development in western Bagamoyo, Tanzania, based on a study that was conducted in 2009. A sample of 232 households was drawn from five villages that have good transport linkage to Dar es Salaam and other intermediate towns. The study area has a long history of rural-urban interactions (RUIs). However, the potentials of RUIs are not realised due to the relatively marginal position of rural-urban migrants from the area that compels them to access low paying occupations in towns, and consequently limits their contribution despite having strong ties with their rural homes. The majority of migrants have very little to offer for rural development due to their low incomes in town. However, there are cases of successful migrants who have the potential to contribute to rural development through their own investment and influence. These should be targeted for collaboration with local communities. Whereas RUIs facilitate access to rural resources by urban dwellers, the rural to urban flow of resources often has limited benefits to rural communities due to weaknesses in valuation, taxation and allocation of revenues collected to local communities. In order to benefit from RUIs, policy and development planning should ensure the protection of interests of rural communities, as well as promote economic opportunities for rural-urban migrants.
Is Condom Use Safe? Youth Perceptions on the Use of Condoms In Muleba, Handeni and Ludewa Districts, Tanzania
Authors: Ndaluka Thomas
Published: January 2024

This article attempts to explain youth perceptions on condom use. For more than thirty years since the onset of HIV/AIDS in Tanzania, condom is still regarded as one of the three preventive measures against HIV infection. The other two are abstinence and faithfulness to one un-infected partner, referred shortly as ABC. Available evidence shows that despite continued efforts to campaign for condom use during sexual intercourse, its use has been low. The article addresses this mismatch between the rate of awareness and knowledge about HIV and low rate of condom use among the youth, and how youth perceptions leads to this discrepancy. This article used data collected between 2007 and 2008 through survey questionnaire and focus group discussions (FGDs) in three districts of Muleba, Handeni and Ludewa districts. The finding shows that youth’s awareness and knowledge on HIV/AIDS and how one gets infected with the virus was high, to about 91%. Awareness on where to obtain condoms was 76%. However, despite this high rate of awareness the use of condom by youth was low, to about 33%: Ludewa recorded the lowest rate of (7%), followed by Muleba (12%), and Handeni (14%). The discrepancy was attributed to youth perceptions on the ability of condom to protect against HIV infection. Most youth do not use condom during sex and treat condom with suspicion. The article recommends an increased campaign on the use of condom, focusing on this category of the population and addressing cultural challenges on issues related to sex that youth are subjected to.
Economic Benefits of Educating Girls In Developing Countries
Authors: Msuya Nattu
Published: January 2024

The main objective of this paper is to uncover economic gains and society’s benefits when investing in girls’ education with the hope that the results will lead policy makers to reconsider the current underinvestment in girls. It explores the linkage between investing in girls and potential increase in national income by examining three widely prevalent aspects of adolescent girls’ lives: early school dropout, teenage pregnancy, and joblessness in Tanzania. Secondary data have been used for some comparability to allow for cross-country comparisons of the opportunity cost of investing on girls’ education. The data come from selected developing countries in Asia and Sub-Sahara Africa that have significant vulnerabilities for adolescent girls, or validating existing conditions aggravating adolescent girls’ social exclusion, which suggest a lower value for girl-children in the society. The findings reveal that investing in girls’ education leads to lifetime earning of today’s cohort of girls that is equivalent to 68% of annual domestic product. The cost of adolescent pregnancy as a share of gross domestic could be as high as 30% or low as 1% over a girl’s lifetime. The paper concludes that, as understanding grows about how much and how quickly education can result into tangible benefits for girls, their families and their countries, there is need to summon more political will and resources to provide girls and boys equal access to quality education.
Revealing the Impacts of Climate Change on Peri-Urban Agriculture and Vegetation Cover in Dar es Salaam City, Tanzania
Authors: Raphael Leonia
Published: January 2024

Agriculture practiced in urban and peri-urban zones is vital for food supply in the Dar es Salaam city, which hosted almost 5 million people in 2015. More than 90% of urban agriculture in the city is leafy vegetables coming from open spaces and home gardens. Extreme climatic changes in terms of rainfall and temperature beyond the normal experience have adversely affected peri-urban agricultural productivity and vegetation cover in the city. This paper provides ample evidence that the natural resource base to feed the urban population is beyond the municipal boundary. The aim of peri-urban agriculture, as reported by most (95%) of the households surveyed in the study, is to ensure food security at household level. The destruction of poor urban gardens, vegetation, property and loss of livelihoods are the common features of urban agriculture due to excessive rains and poor mitigation measures practiced by most of poor urban dwellers that depend solely on land resources. Most urban dwellers (87%) are migrants from rural Tanzania, and thus there is a need to integrate traditional and modern agricultural practices so as to improve farm productivity, vegetation cover and climatic dynamic challenges through adaptation of best practices and learning by doing. Despite the increased attention to and improved understanding of peri-urban agriculture in past two decades, more knowledge is needed to prepare for and manage the urban community risks associated with climate and weather variations in rapidly growing cities like Dar es Salaam.
The Politics of Reporting Reportable Diseases: A Methodological Review of the State-Researcher Clash
Authors: Msoka Colman
Published: January 2024

In December 2016, the media in Tanzania was preoccupied with questions on the presence of the Zika virus in Tanzania. The debate was sparked by a report of the National Institute of Medical Research (NIMR), which pointed out that traces of theZika virus had been identified in Tanzania. Within a short time, the government refuted the report and asked NIMR to retract the findings, arguing that the reporting process did not follow established procedures. Two central questions demand a closereview: first, why did the government demand that the report be retracted? Second, what are the procedures that should have been followed? In this methodological review of the reporting of reportable diseases, this paper attempts to examine theraison d’être for the tag of war between the two sides, and highlights the right procedures that should have been followed in the announcement of such findings. The review concludes with a methodological note to researchers and the reporting of findings in health-related studies.
Men as Equal Partners in Reproductive Health: What are Their Own Perception and Roles?
Authors: W. Dungumaro Esther
Published: January 2024

Since the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) in Cairo (1994) and the 1995 Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing there has been an increasing consensus on the importance of involving men in reproductive health care. This paper analysed male perception of involvement and their roles in productive health in a study that was conducted in 2015 and used the Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey (TDHS) to compliment the empirical data. Findings show male still perceive themselves main decision makers on reproductive health issues. Their roles were mainly centred on decision making on matters of reproductive health including family planning. About sixty-one percent (60.6 percent) indicated that decision about sex has to be done by men. On the use of family planning, more than seventy percent (72.4 percent) indicated that men are the ones to make such decision. The study established that while 78.7 percent of the respondents approves of family planning, less than fifty percent (43 percent) indicated that they discuss family planning issues with their spouse. This further demonstrates that men are main decision makers on issues of reproductive health. Analysis of their knowledge on reproductive health, using DHS data indicate that about 100% were informed of at least one family planning method and that the majority get information from authentic sources including radio, television and newspapers. Based on the results and understating that knowledge of men’s own perception is critical for both pragmatic and policy interventions, it is recommended that deliberate efforts need to continue to have men change their perceptions and become equal partners in reproductive health for the benefit of the family and society at large.
Determinants of Male Involvement in Family Planning Services in Tarime District, Tanzania
Authors: Machinda Zena , Mbonile Milline , Mtae Harrieth
Published: January 2024

This paper examines the determinants of male involvement in family planning services by investigating the relationship between knowledge and male involvement in family planning, and between the involvements of both sexes in family planning services. The study adapted a mixed research design whereby quantitative and qualitative approaches were employed to generate primary data, complemented by other methods like in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and documentary review. The main tool of data collection was a questionnaire, and data analysis was done using descriptive statistics, logistic regression; while qualitative data were subjected to content analysis. The unit of analysis was the individual at household level, and questionnaires were served to 312 households, while in-depth interviews involved 12 key informants. The major findings indicated that many people were currently not practicing family planning methods (73.1% for females and 47.2% for males) although the knowledge about family planning was high (94.6% for females, and 96.0% for males). Some of the reasons for not using family planning were fear of side-effects like having deformed children, fear of cancer, heavy pain during delivery and wives being unfaithful for they have protections. The ANOVA findings showed that there is statistically significant relationship between knowledge of males and use of family planning in future, at p=0.013. The study recommends an improvement in the awareness of family planning services, and allowing more innovative strategies like SMS communication especially in rural areas. Equally, more qualified staff at all levels should be employed to bridge the gap between service providers and clients, which is a major concern.
COVID-19 Impact and Tourism Recovery Geopolitics: A Paradox in Tanzania
Authors: Lema Godwin
Published: January 2024

Responses to recover from the first wave of COVID-19 crisis created a divide globally partly as some countries interpreted the pandemic defiantly, aptly to rescue their tourism, among other sectors. A lasting tragedy of the pandemic impact continues to particularly frustrate global tourism mobility unless strategic consensus is found. The strategy that Tanzania adopted to restore tourism early amidst the pandemic is examined in this article. It draws from headlines, surveys, tourist arrival statistics and interviews with industry actors. Findings revealed that from 16th March 2020, Tanzania reported coronavirus infections and few associated COVID-19 deaths for nearly three months after the pandemic outbreak. Airspace and border closures from 20th March halted tourist arrivals resulting to business closures, unemployment and severe revenue loss. Reopening of international gateways from May 2020, through adopting standard operating procedures, reverted a sharp decline of arrivals experienced in April-May to a gradual increase of arrivals from June onwards. Despite the early reopening, the number of international tourist arrivals were far below the pre-crisis levels, implying that the country’s efforts were hardly resolving the tourism post-pandemic recovery paradox. Consensus is vital in restarting and sustaining post-pandemic tourism. This article contributes to the geopolitics of COVID-19, tourism recovery and resilience in Tanzania and globally, calling for continued collaboration among national and international tourism actors to chart out a post-pandemic sustainable tourism recovery strategy, as a policy response.
Elements of digital marketing and the positioning of the company INNOVA BIOTECH AGRO SAC
Authors: Valenzuela-Hurtado Yervi , Meneses-Claudio Brian , Carmen-Choquehuanca Edgar
Published: January 2024

The research was carried out in order to determine the relationship of digital marketing in the positioning of the company INNOVA BIOTECH AGRO SAC, Lima in the year 2021, intended to serve as a guide for the general management of the company studied and other similar companies immersed in the agro-industrial sector by adapting the elements of digital marketing, being mechanisms that help to improve the recognition or positioning. The methodology used was a correlational research, with a quantitative approach and basic type, in turn with a non-experimental design and cross-sectional, applying a data collection instrument to potential customers of the company, represented by 227 farmers. In this regard, the findings show the existence of a Spearman correlation level (0,306) between the digital marketing variable and the positioning variable, demonstrating a positive relationship between both variables applied to the agroindustrial company. The study concludes that the positioning of the agroindustrial company evaluated will improve as digital marketing strategies are properly implemented, as well as to raise the competitiveness indexes of the agroindustrial company reflected in a higher positioning, it is necessary to strengthen the sales process mechanisms, the commercial communication tools and the different digital advertising actions.
Analysis of microenterprise lending in Ecuador: a study of determinant factors
Authors: Montero Reyes Yilena , Gallardo Solís Joanna Maricela , Toalombo Capuz María Magdalena , Moscoso Jurado David Estuardo
Published: January 2024

This work of literature review and evaluative critical analysis is directed to the analysis of lending to microenterprises in Ecuador and the ability to reflect on strategies that may be established as tools that allow greater efficiency in the development of lending activities in different organizations such as banks, credit unions, and others that operate throughout the country. It is for this reason that will deepen theoretical and conceptual aspects related to the financial system and introduction to credit as a basis for further analysis of the loan portfolio. Constitute the premises for the analysis and evaluation of the 5 C credit lending process in microenterprise where findings and irregularities that are common and can affect this process are indicated. Similarly, strategies in the credit field for indicating micro policies, procedures and other conditions for a successful and efficient credit granting process are presented.
The Application of Blended Teaching in the Ideological and Political Reform of the Social Security Curriculum
Authors: Wang Huan
Published: January 2024

This article critically examines the impact of blended teaching on the ideological and political integration within the Social Security Curriculum. It aims to elucidate the knowledge, skills, and values objectives of blended teaching in the context of Social Security Curriculum, particularly its intersection with ideological and political education. The paper further delves into specific reform elements, encompassing alterations in pedagogical methodologies, realignment of educational goals, amalgamation of instructional resources, pioneering teaching strategies, and refinement of assessment methodologies.
Study on the Current Situation and Strategies of Cultivating Rule of Law Literacy Among Primary and Secondary School Students
Authors: Gao Yuan
Published: January 2024

Through the investigation of the current situation of the rule of law literacy of primary and secondary school students, this study finds that the overall level of the rule of law literacy of primary and secondary school students is on the low side, and that the rule of law literacy of senior high school students is on the low side in comparison with that of students in the compulsory education stage. It is suggested that the teaching method of rule of law education in primary and secondary schools should be revolutionized, the teaching content of rule of law education in primary and secondary schools should be enriched, and a sound system of rule of law education in senior high schools should be established to connect with the compulsory education stage, so as to effectively cultivate primary and secondary school students’ rule of law literacy.
The Relationship Between Homeownership and Well-Being — Based on the Case of Singapore Public Housing
Authors: Hua Tingyu
Published: January 2024

This essay explores the relationship between homeownership and human well-being after surveying the public homeownership policy in Singapore’s development in the last 35 years. Drawing primarily on existing papers in the fields of well-being and housing, it outlines the social impact of house ownership on both physical and mental health. Besides, selected elements like economy, society, ethnicity and employment are also considered to emphasize the associations with well-being. While relations are generally complicated, acceptable evidence exists to admit homeownership plays an important role in human well-being. Conclusions are drawn on the personal and theoretical aspects, highlighting the significance of cross-disciplinary collaboration in urban strategy. Further research is recommended to analyze how the homeownership improves the human condition, which could offer useful experiences to other countries.
The Impact of Ride-Sharing Apps on Urban Mobility in Lagos, Nigeria: A Sociological Perspective
Authors: Nwabueze Chijioke
Published: January 2024

This research examines the sociological impact of ride-sharing apps on urban mobility in Lagos, Nigeria. Exploring the societal transformations, challenges, and resistances, the study adopts a multifaceted approach to unravel the complex dynamics at play. From the interplay between mobility and social relationships to the identification of marginalized communities, the research delves into the intricate sociological fabric influenced by the rise of ride-sharing in Lagos. Insights gained from participant observation, digital ethnography, and a comprehensive theoretical framework contribute to a nuanced understanding of how ride-sharing shapes social bonds, influences economic structures, and encounters cultural resistance. The conclusion emphasizes the need for inclusive urban mobility solutions that navigate the sociological intricacies of Lagos.
The Portrayal of Women in Park Chan-wook’s Films— Using Decision To Leave as an Example
Authors: Jia Liyao
Published: January 2024

The “patriarchy” that has developed throughout Korean history, and human civilization as a whole, has lasted for millennia. This systematic, structured and unjust system of male domination over women has conferred a higher status, value and privilege on men. These institutions and behaviours form the conceptual framework of sexism, and at the heart of patriarchy is the maintenance and rationalisation of male privilege and power. Several of Park Chan-wook’s highly representative women’s films in recent years have stood up to observe society from a woman’s point of view, creating a new image of women. This essay takes director Table Chan-wook’s latest work, The Resolution to Break up, as an example, and discusses the image of women in Park Chan-wook’s films. Park Zan- wook creates a special and tense female image with the highly contrasting character of Song Seo-rae. Furthermore, he uses this unique female figure as a leading narrative to create a film that highly combines romance, thriller and suspense. As well as the main character Song Seo-rae, a typical oriental woman, she shows the consciousness of women’s self-awareness in modern society, facing up to her emotions and making choices in her relationships, who is no longer a traditional female figure who can be swayed by her emotions.
The Existentialist Dilemma: Analyzing Nihilism, Anxiety, and Self-Identity in French Philosophy at the End of the 20th Century
Authors: Cropper Tod , Browne Johnathan
Published: January 2024

This academic paper delves into the profound existentialist dilemma that characterized French philosophy at the close of the 20th century. Focused on the central themes of nihilism, anxiety, and self-identity, the analysis navigates the philosophical landscapes shaped by eminent thinkers like Sartre, Camus, de Beauvoir, and Kierkegaard. Each section unravels the existential intricacies, exploring how these themes intertwine and shape the human condition. From defining nihilism in the existentialist context to examining the portrayal of anxiety in literature and philosophy, and investigating the construction of self-identity in the face of existential challenges, the paper provides a nuanced understanding of the existentialist discourse. A critical analysis of pivotal works, including Sartre’s Being and Nothingness, Camus’s The Stranger, de Beauvoir’s The Second Sex, Kierkegaard’s Fear and Trembling, and Kafka’s The Trial, offers insights into how these philosophers grapple with the complexities of existence. The results highlight commonalities and differences among existentialist thinkers, providing a comprehensive examination of the existentialist dilemma in the context of French philosophy.