bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Empowerment et personnes âgées : caractéristiques de la recherche francophone
Authors: Carra Cécile , Varlet Julie
Published: February 2024

Comment la notion d’ empowerment est-elle abordée dans le champ de la vieillesse ? Si celle-ci s’est disséminée très largement dans la culture anglo-saxonne au sein de laquelle elle prend sens, ses contours semblent beaucoup plus difficiles à appréhender dans la littérature francophone. Cette revue de la littérature francophone a pour but d’identifier le développement de la recherche portant sur l’ empowerment dans le champ de la vieillesse, et les caractéristiques devant faire émerger les formes de pouvoir en jeu, les conceptions de l’ empowerment qui en constituent le socle et les implications paradigmatiques. Le processus d’identification des articles a permis de constituer un corpus de 63 articles scientifiques. Aucune restriction de date, ni de discipline n’a été opérée. En revanche, la recherche a porté uniquement sur les articles à comité de lecture, en langue française. Au-delà de la polysémie de la notion ou des notions connexes auxquelles est associé l’ empowerment , le pouvoir occupe une place centrale. L’analyse du poids respectif des différentes formes de pouvoir identifiées montre cependant des territoires de l’ empowerment délimités à ceux de la proximité, du proche, voire de l’individu. Par ailleurs, cette revue de littérature fait émerger des thématiques et questionnements dominants qui relèvent de trois grandes conceptions de l’ empowerment  : – « civique » (historique) reposant sur un principe démocratique, – « gestionnaire » reposant sur le principe de l’efficacité et -» hygiéniste « (la plus récente) reposant sur le principe de l’autonomie. Elles s’ancrent significativement sur un même socle épistémologique, celui de l’acteur rationnel et responsable, doté de capacités et de compétences, qu’il doit entretenir en mobilisant les ressources que lui offre un environnement potentialisé.
Le rôle des pairs chercheurs dans la recherche sur la consommation sexualisée de substances : avantages et défis
Authors: Flores-Aranda Jorge , Rousseau Jean-Sébastien , Lambert Frankie B. , Gaudette Yannick , Giugnatico Ida , Brulotte Alexandre , De Piano Joseph , Motta-Ochoa Rossio
Published: February 2024

Contexte : Les personnes de la diversité sexuelle et de genre (DSG) rapportent une plus grande utilisation de méthamphétamine en contexte sexuel. Elles peinent à donner un sens à leurs expériences et à se faire entendre dans les services. Des pairs-chercheurs (personnes avec un savoir situé) ont été impliqués dans une étude participative sur la consommation de méthamphétamine. Objectifs : 1) Décrire les avantages et les défis de l’implication de pairs-chercheurs à toutes les étapes du processus de recherche ; 2) Discuter de la façon dont cette implication permettrait de lutter contre l’injustice épistémique vécue par les personnes de la DSG qui pratiquent le « chemsex ». Méthodologie : Le processus participatif des pairs-chercheurs a été documenté au moyen d’un journal de bord et de notes de réunions, lesquels ont été analysés avec le cadre de l’injustice épistémique. Ce concept fait référence à l’ensemble des mécanismes qui empêchent une personne, ou un groupe, de faire entendre ses savoirs et de les rendre légitimes. Résultats : La contribution des pairs-chercheurs a été grandement appréciée et a généré des questionnements. Les connaissances approfondies des pairs-chercheurs ont facilité l’analyse des données et ont orienté la diffusion des connaissances afin de favoriser la transformation des services actuels. Leur présence a permis d’établir des liens de confiance avec la population à l’étude. Discussion : Le lien avec la population peut générer des attentes en matière de services, attentes qui peuvent demander un investissement important des chercheurs. L’engagement de l’équipe dans l’amélioration des services peut générer une perception erronée de manque d’objectivité.
Bénéfices d’un partenariat pour l’évaluation d’un programme de prévention des surdoses initié par des pairs
Authors: Perreault Michel , Tremblay Guillaume , Milton Diana , Power Niamh , Kucyk Christopher , Perron-Trudel Nicolas
Published: February 2024

En 2015, en partenariat avec une équipe de recherche, le programme PROFAN a été mis en place par un groupe de pairs pour contrer le nombre croissant de décès par surdose à Montréal. À partir de 2018, ils ont offert, en collaboration avec l’Association des Intervenants en dépendance du Québec plus de 160 sessions de formation et rejoints 500 organismes québécois, pour un total de plus de 2 000 participants. Une démarche d’évaluation participative a été menée en rapport avec le déploiement du programme. Le niveau d’engagement des deux partenaires a été évalué pour chacune des étapes de la recherche de même que les bénéfices rapportés par chacun. L’examen du niveau d’engagement au cours du processus d’évaluation souligne le grand leadership exercé par l’équipe PROFAN par rapport au financement et à la diffusion des résultats. L’équipe de recherche a exercé ce leadership dans la production du devis, les analyses et la diffusion à l’auditoire de chercheurs et de spécialistes du domaine. La collecte de données a impliqué une collaboration des deux parties. En ce qui a trait aux bénéfices rapportés, certains étaient reliés aux opérations du programme (i.e. crédibilité accrue, soutien pour sa mise à jour ; création de partenariats), alors que d’autres se rapportaient à l’autonomisation des pairs (i.e. développement de compétences). L’urgence d’intervenir pour diminuer les décès semble avoir facilité le financement du projet et le développement de partenariats. Celui entre PROFAN et l’équipe de recherche a été marqué par le partage d’expertise et la collaboration.
Approche d’une activité mathématique en contexte professionnel : le cas des calculs de doses médicamenteuses
Authors: Benlahouès Daniel
Published: February 2024

Les erreurs médicamenteuses sont un enjeu fort de santé publique auquel les institutions du champ de la santé tentent de répondre. L’étape la plus sensible du circuit du médicament (prescription, dispensation et administration) est celle de l’administration des médicaments pour laquelle les infirmières sont majoritairement concernées, avec un risque d’erreur de calcul de dose. Peu de travaux se sont intéressés à ce sujet. Ces constats ont motivé notre recherche doctorale (Benlahouès, 2020) avec pour objectif de conceptualiser l’activité de calcul de dose médicamenteuse. Le dispositif expérimental a cherché à apporter des éléments de réponses sur les manières de calculer des infirmières dans une activité complexe et multiple. Le soutien théorique de la didactique des mathématiques, de la psychologie ergonomique et de la didactique professionnelle a conduit à une conceptualisation globale de l’activité de calcul de dose, à partir de laquelle nous présentons dans cet article, les quatre raisonnements qui conditionnent de façon importante l’activité des infirmières dans les services de réanimation/soins intensifs .
L’éducation spécialisée est-elle un métier impossible en voie d’évolution ou un « art de faire » en voie de disparition ?
Authors: Contini Jean-Christophe
Published: February 2024

Est-ce que « faire » de l’éducation spécialisée aujourd’hui est comparable au « faire » que l’on pouvait exercer à la fin du xx e  siècle, ou encore en 1925, lorsque Freud parlait des trois métiers impossibles dans sa préface au livre de l’éducateur ­Aichhorn ? Depuis la fin du siècle dernier, le champ de la formation professionnelle a qui plus est connu une très importante évolution dans le cadre de l’instauration de la « nouvelle gestion publique » dans les pays membres de l’ ocde . Cette mutation des logiques de la formation a-t-elle au fond des conséquences concrètes sur les pratiques des professionnels en termes de compétence et de « savoir-y-faire » ? C’est cette question complexe que l’on tentera de mettre en réflexion et d’esquisser.
La psychiatrie publique : tu l’aimes donc tu la quittes ?
Authors: d’Alessandro Hélène
Published: February 2024

Dans ce texte très personnel, l’auteur met en avant les conditions de travail des psychologues à l’hôpital et la qualité des relations entre collègues comme contenants nécessaires pour permettre des rencontres thérapeutiques.
Sens unique ou sens interdit ! Les chemins du soin en psychiatrie
Authors: Maximin Marc
Published: February 2024

Notre système de santé est régulièrement abordé dans les propos des politiques mais presque exclusivement sous l’angle financier, à l’exclusion de toute autre vision. Cependant, être soignant, c’est permettre que d’autres discours, d’autres points de vue émergent, favorisant l’apport, la connaissance, l’ouverture. La relation au soin suscite des exigences éthiques, l’importance d’un décalé, d’un pas de côté, et pour cela la poésie peut nous aider à cheminer et à penser.
Faire collectif en formation, réaffectons l’engagement professionnel
Authors: Garrigue Gabrielle , Kayser Bruno
Published: February 2024

Face à la question de la désaffection des métiers, nous avons pris le parti de réfléchir à ce qui permet et soutient la formation des étudiants en travail social. L’exemple d’une intervention avec le collectif des « Toquées de l’éthique » nous permet d’interroger un ancrage de la formation dans la clinique et une présence effective des formateurs au plus près des étudiants.
Sorties, ateliers d’écriture : la découverte des autres… et de soi
Authors: Koudjoh Nathalie
Published: February 2024

Durant une année, la documentaliste d’un centre de ressources documentaires a mené des ateliers d’écriture pour un public d’étudiants en formation de moniteurs éducateurs. Ces ateliers constituaient la suite logique de visites de sites culturels et institutionnels phares, dans et hors Paris. Le travail d’écriture partagé s’est révélé fertile et a permis de désamorcer les craintes des uns et des autres : étudiants comme documentaliste !
Comprehensive assessment of irrigation water requirements in Iran
Authors: Vazifedoust Majid , Keshavarz Mohammadreza , Mokhtari Ali , Barikani Elham , Palouj Mojtaba
Published: February 2024

A national web-based simulation portal was developed to estimate the irrigation water requirements at plain scale in Iran. The National Water Portal (NWP) consists of four national databases (climatic, soil, crop, and spatial data), a lumped water balance model, and a graphical user interface (GUI). The irrigation water requirements in standard conditions were estimated based on the dual crop coefficient approach presented by FAO 56. Net irrigation requirements (NIR) and gross irrigation requirements (GIR) were calculated for 125 different crops cultivated in the 609 plains in Iran. Results were aggregated at both political and hydrological scales. The statistical comparison between the estimated NIR and reported values in the literature reviews indicates a correlation coefficient of 75% with root mean square error (RMSE) of less than 280 m3 ha−1. Results showed that sugar cane has the highest NIR value (18318 m3 ha−1) among the studied crops, and sugar beet has the second highest NIR value (5100–11896 m3 ha−1). The aggregated amount of NIR and GIR for the entire country was calculated as 47 and 105 billion cubic meters (BCM), respectively. Results indicate that 3.772 million cubic meter (MCM) of water can be saved by applying 15% water stress. By increasing the irrigation efficiency to 65% without considering any water stress, 3.482 MCM of water can be saved.
House price, gender spatial allocation, and the change of marriage matching
Authors: He Jiajia , Zou Xiuping , Li Tinghui
Published: February 2024

We investigated the relationship between changes in housing prices and marriage patterns among Chinese residents, considering the evolving real estate market and increasing prevalence of homogamous marriages. Using microdata from the China Household Income Project (CHIP) and urban housing price data, our results showed the following: First, housing price levels significantly decreased the likelihood of residents engaging in hypergamous mating and marrying individuals from lower social strata. Second, regional fluctuations in housing prices could influence residents' marital matches by affecting the spatial distribution of genders. Specifically, the higher the level of urban house prices, the greater the crowding out effect on marriageable men, and the less likely men in that area were to match downwards and marry women from lower social classes. Third, heterogeneity analysis indicated that residents in the eastern regions, younger populations, and migrants faced greater housing price pressures in the process of marital matching, resulting in a more substantial impact on these groups. The study contributes to marriage matching theories and offers policy insights for real estate reforms.
The ACE2 receptor protein-mediated SARS-CoV-2 infection: dynamic properties of a novel delayed stochastic system
Authors: Zhang Kai , Meng Xinzhu , Alzahrani Abdullah Khames
Published: February 2024

We investigated the dynamic effect of stochastic environmental fluctuations on the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus infection system with time delay and mediations by the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor protein. First, we discussed the existence and uniqueness of global positive solutions as well as the stochastic ultimate boundedness of the stochastic SARS-CoV-2 model. Second, the asymptotic properties of stochastic time-delay system were investigated by constructing a number of appropriate Lyapunov functions and applying differential inequality techniques. These properties indicated a positive relationship between the strength of oscillations and the intensity of environmental fluctuations, and this launched the properties of a deterministic system. When the random disturbance was relatively large, the disease went extinct. When the random disturbance was relatively small and $ R_0 < 1 $, the disease could become extinct. Conversely, when the random disturbance was smaller and $ R_0 > 1 $, then it would oscillate around the disease enduring equilibrium. At last, a series of numerical simulations were carried out to show how the SARS-CoV-2 system was affected by the intensity of environmental fluctuations and time delay.
Road surface crack detection based on improved YOLOv5s
Authors: Ding Jiaming , Jiao Peigang , Li Kangning , Du Weibo
Published: February 2024

In response to the issues of low efficiency and high cost in traditional manual methods for road surface crack detection, an improved YOLOv5s (you only look once version 5 small) algorithm was proposed. Based on this improvement, a road surface crack object recognition model was established using YOLOv5s. First, based on the Res2Net (a new multi-scale backbone architecture) network, an improved multi-scale Res2-C3 (a new multi-scale backbone architecture of C3) module was suggested to enhance feature extraction performance. Second, the feature fusion network and backbone of YOLOv5 were merged with the GAM (global attention mechanism) attention mechanism, reducing information dispersion and enhancing the interaction of global dimensions features. We incorporated dynamic snake convolution into the feature fusion network section to enhance the model's ability to handle irregular shapes and deformation problems. Experimental results showed that the final revision of the model dramatically increased both the detection speed and the accuracy of road surface identification. The mean average precision (mAP) reached 93.9%, with an average precision improvement of 12.6% compared to the YOLOv5s model. The frames per second (FPS) value was 49.97. The difficulties of low accuracy and slow speed in road surface fracture identification were effectively addressed by the modified model, demonstrating that the enhanced model achieved relatively high accuracy while maintaining inference speed.
Prescribed-time cluster practical consensus for nonlinear multi-agent systems based on event-triggered mechanism
Authors: Lu Wangming , Yu Zhiyong , Chen Zhanheng , Jiang Haijun
Published: February 2024

This paper investigates the prescribed-time event-triggered cluster practical consensus problem for a class of nonlinear multi-agent systems with external disturbances. To begin, to reach the prescribed-time cluster practical consensus, a new time-varying function is introduced and a novel distributed continuous algorithm is designed. Based on the Lyapunov stability theory and inequality techniques, some sufficient conditions are given, ensuring the prescribed-time cluster practical consensus. Moreover, to avoid different clusters' final states overlapping, a virtual leader is considered for each cluster. In this case, an event-triggered distributed protocol is further established and some related conditions are given for achieving prescribed-time cluster practical consensus. Additionally, it is proven that the Zeno behavior can be avioded by choosing parameters appropriately. Finally, some numerical examples are presented to show the effectiveness of the theoretical results.
Computational Approaches to Extreme Quantum Functional Matter
Authors: LEE Hyun-Yong , KIM Heung-Sik , YU Jaejun
Published: February 2024

Study of quantum materials under extreme conditions require novel theoretical and computational approaches that can incorporate complexities from the presence of multiple degrees of freedom and quantum entanglement in correlated systems. Recent theoretical and computational studies of quantum functional matter focus on capturing this fascinating interplay and its outcome via employments of the state-of-the-art ab initio electronic structure methods, machine learning, and tensor network methodologies. In this article we would like to briefly outline plans and objectives of the quantum functional matter research.
Mobile Adaptive Routing Algorithm for Road-Aware Infrastructure-Assisted Communication in Cognitive Internet of Vehicles
Authors: Divyashree M  , Rangaraju H G  , Revanna C R
Published: February 2024

The Internet of Things (IoT) is expanding the capabilities of traditional vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANET) into the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). However, there are a few challenges that need to be addressed in order to enhance the intelligence of IoV, leading to the development of a new evolving technology called Cognitive Internet of Vehicles (CIoV). In this study, we propose a road-aware infrastructure-assisted and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) adaptive routing system to select the most efficient route for delivering data from the source to the destination vehicle, with the aim of reducing data delivery delay. The performance is measured and evaluated based on packet delivery ratio (PDR), average end-to-end (E2E) delay, and normalised routing overhead using MATLAB. By comparing the proposed mobile adaptive routing algorithm (MARA) with existing protocols, it has been examined and found to outperform the existing ones in terms of performance.
Effect of Virtual Education on Academic Performance Generated by COVID-19
Authors: Rubio-Rodríguez Gustavo Adolfo , Flórez Guzmán Mario Heimer , Palma-Cardoso Elizabeth , Vanegas Zamora Rubell Juneidy , Manjarrés Hincapié Juan Gabriel , Reinoso Córdoba Alejandro
Published: February 2024

The aim of this research is to analyze the impact of implementing virtual education on the academic performance of primary and secondary school students in a private school in Ibagué, Colombia, during the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. The survey was administered to 183 parents and nine teachers at the school as a data collection technique for the study. The research results revealed that the school maintained its quality in conducting virtual classes at the elementary and high school levels. Similarly, the students’ performance was maintained compared to the previous year of the pandemic. As a conclusion, it has been determined that the school directors’ implementation of the virtual education model and the capabilities of the teaching staff were successful in maintaining the quality of education during the pandemic.
Web Attack Intrusion Detection System Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Baklizi Mahmoud Khalid , Atoum Issa , Alkhazaleh Mohammad , Kanaker Hasan , Abdullah Nibras , Al-Wesabi Ola A. , Otoom Ahmed
Published: February 2024

Web attacks often target web applications because they can be accessed over a network and often have vulnerabilities. The success of an intrusion detection system (IDS) in detecting web attacks depends on an effective traffic classification system. Several previous studies have utilized machine learning classification methods to create an efficient IDS with various datasets for different types of attacks. This paper utilizes the Canadian Institute for Cyber Security’s (CIC-IDS2017) IDS dataset to assess web attacks. Importantly, the dataset contains 80 attributes of recent assaults, as reported in the 2016 McAfee report. Three machine learning algorithms have been evaluated in this research, namely random forests (RF), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), and naive bayes (NB). The primary goal of this research is to propose an effective machine learning algorithm for the IDS web attacks model. The evaluation compares the performance of three algorithms (RF, KNN, and NB) based on their accuracy and precision in detecting anomalous traffic. The results indicate that the RF outperformed the NB and KNN in terms of average accuracy achieved during the training phase. During the testing phase, the KNN algorithm outperformed others, achieving an average accuracy of 99.4916%. However, RF and KNN achieved 100% average precision and recall rates compared to other algorithms. Finally, the RF and KNN algorithms have been identified as the most effective for detecting IDS web attacks.
Design of a Sign Language-to-Natural Language Translator Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Gonzalez Hernando , Hernández Silvia , Calderón Oscar
Published: February 2024

This paper describes the results obtained from the design and validation of translation gloves for Colombian sign language (LSC) to natural language. The MPU6050 sensors capture finger movements, and the TCA9548a card enables data multiplexing. Additionally, an Arduino Uno board preprocesses the data, and the Raspberry Pi interprets it using central tendency statistics, principal component analysis (PCA), and a neural network structure for pattern recognition. Finally, the sign is reproduced in audio format. The methodology developed below focuses on translating specific preselected words, achieving an average classification accuracy of 88.97%.
Real-Time Transcriptionist Based on Artificial Intelligence to Facilitate Learning for People with Hearing Disabilities in Virtual Classes
Authors: Ovalle Christian , Vallejos García Isaac Leonardo , Zapata Berrios Franco Rafael
Published: February 2024

Schools have historically been ill-prepared to cater to the needs of deaf students at the elementary and secondary levels. This leads to communication difficulties that impact the learning process for each individual. During the recent COVID-19 pandemic, educational institutions for deaf students faced difficulties in providing effective teaching to children and youth. It is important to emphasize that education is fundamental for all individuals, without exception, as acquiring literacy skills enables them to lead a more fulfilling life. In this context, our research aims to investigate how the use of a computer tool can enhance communication for deaf students in a virtual environment. The methodology used involved the use of a checklist to gather data from each participant’s evaluation. The post-test yielded favorable results, thanks to the statistical analysis employed in the research. In conclusion, it has been determined that a real-time transcriber facilitates learning, leading to improved educational outcomes for deaf students.
Busting the Ghost of Neutral Counterparts
Authors: Foster Jen
Published: February 2024

Slurs have been standardly assumed to bear a very direct, very distinctive semantic relationship to what philosophers have called “neutral counterpart” terms. I argue that this is mistaken: the general relationship between paradigmatic slurs and their “neutral counterparts” should be assumed to be the same one that obtains between ‘chick flick’ and ‘romantic comedy’, as well a huge number of other more prosaic pairs of derogatory and “less derogatory” expressions. The most plausible general relationship between these latter expressions — and thus, I argue, between paradigmatic slurs and “neutral counterpart” terms — is one of overlap in presumed extension, grounded in overlap in associated stereotypes. The resulting framework has the advantages of being simple, unified, and, unlike its orthodox rivals, neatly accommodating of a much wider range of data than has previously been considered. More importantly, it positions us to better understand, identify, and confront the insidious mechanisms of ordinary bigotry.
What’s So Special About Reasoning? Rationality, Belief Updating, and Internalism
Authors: Munroe Wade
Published: February 2024

In updating our beliefs on the basis of our background attitudes and evidence we frequently employ objects in our environment to represent pertinent information. For example, we may write our premises and lemmas on a whiteboard to aid in a proof or move the beads of an abacus to assist in a calculation. In both cases, we generate extramental (that is, occurring outside of the mind) representational states, and, at least in the case of the abacus, we operate over these states in light of their contents (e.g., the integers represented by the beads) to generate new representations. In this paper, I argue that our belief updating processes and the grounds of their rational evaluation are partly constituted by extramental representations and operations. In other words, we don’t merely update our attitudes through an internal process of reasoning on the basis of available evidence. If we are to accurately understand and rationally evaluate our belief updating processes and resultant attitudes, we need to examine how we representationally appropriate our extramental environment in the updating process.
Comparison of Wet and Dry Milling
Authors: Raghavendra Rao R. , Sharath B. N. , Madhu K. S. , Pradeep S.
Published: February 2024

This chapter discusses the distinguishing features between wet and dry ball milling processes used in industries. Wet milling and dry milling are the two categories under which industrial milling are most frequently employed in the manufacturing sector. It is important to comprehend the fundamentals in order to understand the differences between the two and the difficulties associated with the milling process. The process of milling involves applying various mechanical forces, such as grinding media, pegs, rods, pebbles, and screens to break down particles. The components of the mill work on the mixture's solids to separate or crush them, further reducing their size, as the material is pumped through it.
Electrochemical Sensor Applications of Mechanically Alloyed Materials
Authors: Santhy A. , Rejithamol R. , Chandana R. , Sivanand P. , Beena S.
Published: February 2024

Development of electrochemical sensors and its research extends over a wide range of applications including clinical analysis, food safety, environmental monitoring, and many more. Electrochemical sensing devices are more convenient for the analytical determination of various electroactive analytes due to its simple fabrication procedure and the reliability in the obtained results. The sensitivity of the electrochemical sensors can be improved by using various chemically modified electrodes instead of traditional unmodified electrodes. Mechanically alloyed materials are one of the fascinating materials used for the modification of electrodes in the development of electrochemical sensors. Metal alloys and their nano porous structures provide good conductivity and high surface area making it more convenient for the sensing applications. The chapter summarizes the analytical characteristics of the mechanically synthesized metal alloys modified electrochemical sensors giving a special emphasis to various dyes, neurotransmitters, biological molecules, drugs, etc. as the target analytes.
Mechanical Alloying of Magnesium and Titanium Alloys
Authors: Kanakannavar Sateeshkumar , Shahapurkar Kiran , Kanaginahal Gangadhar M. , Mahale Rayappa S. , Kakkamari Prashant P.
Published: February 2024

Mechanical alloying (MA) creates advanced Mg-Ti alloys via controlled microstructural changes and uniform elemental distribution. High-energy ball milling induces solid-state reactions, refining alloys. Parameters like duration, ball-to-powder ratio, and speed impact microstructure. Analytical tools reveal phase changes, microstructural evolution, and element distribution. Mg-Ti alloys exhibit enhanced mechanical properties. MA shows promise for aerospace and automotive applications, with challenges to address for full potential realization. This chapter discusses the different approaches opted for mechanical alloying of magnesium and titanium alloys.
Evaluating the Impact of Microlearning and Micro-Lessons and Implications for General Education
Authors: Jaiwant Sunanda Vincent , Kureethara Joseph Varghese
Published: February 2024

The educator training approach known as microteaching, which is used now all over the world, offers teachers the chance to sharpen their teaching abilities by enhancing the many straightforward activities referred to as teaching skills. Microteaching supports the growth of in-person teaching experiences thanks to its success with both beginners and older students. The fundamental abilities of microteaching, such as exposition and reinforcing abilities, aid new instructors in mastering the craft of instruction with ease and to the fullest. This method's effects have been widely observed in a variety of educational settings, including the biological sciences, health sciences, and other fields. The chapter reflects upon the basic concepts of microteaching, microlearning, and micro lessons. The study discusses the fundamental teaching techniques, implementation issues, and the effects of microlearning on education. The study also throws light on the impact and advances of technology on microlearning in the context of the digital age.
Microlearning as a Solution to Challenges in Teaching and Learning Introductory Programming Courses
Authors: Sankaranarayanan Rajagopal
Published: February 2024

This book chapter offers valuable research-based insights into the effectiveness of microlearning as an instructional approach for enhancing the learning of complex introductory database programming concepts. Beginning with an overview of the research background and problem statement, the chapter proceeds to define microlearning instructional approach. Drawing upon three prior research studies on microlearning instructional design in the context of introductory database programming, this chapter builds upon and extends the existing knowledge base. The study findings are thoroughly examined, and the chapter addresses key implications derived from these study findings.
DACtivism
Authors: Hester Michael David
Published: February 2024

Academic debate, as an interscholastic and intercollegiate competition in which competitors engage in argumentation on topics of politics, philosophy and social life, has a long-history in education. Debate across the curriculum (DAC) has been advocated as a way to incorporate the activities of academic debate into the classroom for the purpose of increasing student engagement and improving student learning outcomes. The pedagogical tools of DAC align both with teaching as activism and the recognition that effective social justice advocacy requires the critical thinking, media literacy, and rhetorical skills that are facilitated when DAC concepts are applied in the classroom. In this chapter, the foundations of DAC are outlined, with particular attention to how the pedagogical use of debate activities establishes a classroom culture that empowers students to take control of their education.
Language Resource Acquisition for Low-Resource Languages in Digital Discourses
Authors: Pannerselvam Kathiravan , Rajiakodi Saranya , Chakravarthi Bharathi Raja
Published: February 2024

This chapter explores the acquisition of language resources for low-resource languages in digital discourse, focusing on code-mixed content in social media posts and comments. Comprehensive language resources enhance our understanding of language usage patterns in online discussions. The methodology includes data collection, annotation, and automated tools, resulting in a practical framework. Challenges addressed in the chapter include data diversity, annotation complexity, linguistic variability, limited annotated data, and ethical considerations. Solutions proposed range from robust data preprocessing techniques to contextual analysis approaches, ensuring acquired quality and ethical use of resources. The chapter also discusses future directions, paving the way for further research and technology development in natural language processing and sociolinguistics. This chapter equips researchers and practitioners with essential knowledge and tools for advancing linguistic analysis and technological applications in the evolving digital landscape.
Machine Learning Approach for Kashmiri Word Sense Disambiguation
Authors: Lawaye Aadil Ahmad , Mir Tawseef Ahmad , Mir Mahmood Hussain , Ahmed Ghayas
Published: February 2024

Studying the senses of words in a given data is crucial for analysing and understanding natural languages. The meaning of an ambiguous word varies based on the context of usage and identifying its correct meaning in the given situation is a famous problem known as word sense disambiguation (WSD) in natural language processing (NLP). In this chapter, the authors discuss the important WSD research works carried out in the context of different languages using different techniques. They also explore a supervised approach based on the hidden Markov model (HMM) to address the WSD problem in the Kashmiri language, which lacks research in the NLP domain. The performance of the proposed approach is also examined in detail along with future improvement directions. The average results produced by the proposed system are accuracy=72.29%, precision=0.70, recall= 0.70, and F1-measure=0.70.
Implementation and Analysis of Shallow Parsing Techniques in Khasi Language
Authors: Lyngdoh Eusebius Lawai , Mitri Aiom Minnette , Saha Goutam , Maji Arnab Kumar
Published: February 2024

In the realm of natural language processing (NLP), after part-of-speech (POS) tagging, the subsequent crucial step is shallow parsing. In this endeavour, the authors have undertaken the development of a shallow parser for the Khasi language. The work explores an array of techniques from both traditional machine learning (ML) and modern deep learning (DL) methodologies. They have employed a variety of ML algorithms, including decision trees, logistic regression, support vector machines, random forest, and multinomial naive bayes. Additionally, they have harnessed the power of DL with models such as the vanilla recurrent neural network, long short-term memory network, gated recurrent units, and bidirectional LSTM, all geared towards achieving the shallow parsing objective. The crux of the effort lies in the meticulous comparative analysis of these techniques. The chapter delves into a comprehensive discussion of their individual performances.
Transformer-Based Memes Generation Using Text and Image
Authors: Sharma Dhirendra Kumar , Jain Rishab , Saini Anshika
Published: February 2024

Memes are gaining popularity day by day to convey humor, news, social commentary, etc., but they can spread hatred and offence in the society. In this chapter, the authors create an automatic meme generator that generates relevant memes. In this chapter, Memebotics tool takes input as image or text and uses multiple pre-trained models of GPT to make memes more creative and quicker. Memebotics uses sentiment analysis to verify that created memes are relevant and do not hurt the sentiment of any society. The authors use VADAR, SVM techniques to identify the best model for sentiment analysis. They tested the model with different versions of EleutherAI GPT-Neo to find the model that can work on low configuration and saves time and money. As a result, they have created a model that generates memes that are relevant to all culture, language, and religion.
Nanocoatings for Energy Generation and Conservation of Solar Cells
Authors: Vargas-Bernal Rafael
Published: February 2024

Solar panels operating under outdoor environments during their useful life are exposed to various factors such as dust, humidity, snow, rain, thermal changes, abrasion, etc., which degrade their operation, decreasing the efficiency of converting light into voltage. Although various cleaning and/or conservation methods have been proposed and used for years to solve this problem, they offer results with low efficiency and high costs. The most effective functional method so far is the application of nanocoatings on the solar panel cover, which avoids these effects more comprehensively. This chapter presents the study of the advances that have been achieved so far through nanocomposites based on polymers and ceramic materials and proposes future trends that must be carried out to achieve their optimized design. The advances, although significant, allow us to predict the need to continue carrying out scientific and technological research to achieve results of high-added value using nanomaterials.
Enhancing Psychological Safety in the Homeowner's Association Management Space
Authors: Konstant Andrea S.
Published: February 2024

Creating a psychologically safe environment within homeowner's associations (HOAs) is pivotal for effective management and community cohesion. This chapter explores strategies and interventions aimed at enhancing psychological safety within the unique context of HOA management. Drawing from organizational psychology and leadership and management literature, it examines the impact of psychological safety on resident engagement, conflict resolution, and overall community well-being. By identifying key factors and proposing practical approaches, this chapter offers insights into fostering a supportive and inclusive atmosphere within HOAs, ultimately contributing to more harmonious and thriving residential communities.
Bridging the Gap
Authors: Stanfield Miranda
Published: February 2024

Despite the growing demand for cybersecurity experts, African-American professionals continue to encounter significant obstacles in accessing and advancing their careers within this field. This research examines the factors contributing to this hiring gap, including educational disparities, a lack of awareness, and implicit bias. Furthermore, this chapter highlights the adverse consequences of such disparities, not only for an individual's career prospects but also for the overall diversity, innovation, and resilience of the cybersecurity ecosystem. By shedding light on these disparities, this chapter aims to contribute to the broader discourse on diversity and inclusion within the industry, encouraging positive change and ultimately fostering a more representative and robust cybersecurity workforce for the future.
Supply Chain Risk Management for Healthcare Systems
Authors: Graf Danielle Gervacio
Published: February 2024

In 2020, the coronavirus pandemic caused several issues that affected healthcare systems. One of these issues was the lack of critical medical supplies such as ventilators, vaccines, and personal protective equipment or PPE due to the supply chain issues. The lack of critical medical supplies caused a snowball effect that impacted the organization and employees. This case study examines the prevention of supply chain issues by understanding the root of the issue. Although the coronavirus pandemic highlighted the issues at hand, it was not the root cause of the problem. The coronavirus pandemic helped show the holes in the organization's current supply chain strategy, which this research helps to resolve through a series of methodology adjustments and organizational changes.
Threat Landscape and Common Security Challenges in Cloud Environments
Authors: Jeyalakshmi J. , Gnanavel S. , Vijay K. , Eugene Berna I.
Published: February 2024

Because of the proliferation of cloud computing, the security landscape in these settings presents a unique set of difficulties and risks. The benefits and game-changing consequences of cloud apps make them essential in the digital era. The ability to scale up or down helps organizations maximize their time and money commitments. They enable remote work and cooperation by letting users access their data and apps from anywhere. Cloud services save money by reducing hardware, software, and maintenance costs. But the security threats are deterring their performance. Data breaches are caused by, for example, insufficient encryption or slack access controls, interface and API vulnerabilities that can be exploited, insider threats caused by the misuse of privileges, identity and access management flaws, poor configuration and security practices, DoS attacks, shared technology flaws, data privacy and compliance concerns, a lack of oversight and control, and new, unknown threats.
Advances in Fabrication Techniques for Hybrid Nanomaterials
Authors: Kaur Ramneek , Kaur Navjeet , Bhullar Gurpreet Kaur
Published: February 2024

This chapter summarises the pioneering milestone techniques in hybrid nanomaterials fabrication for various purposes and recent trends towards future manufacturing platforms. Fabrication techniques for hybrid nanomaterials involve combining two or more distinct types of nanoscale components, such as nanoparticles, nanowires, nanosheets, and nanotubes, to create materials with enhanced or tailored properties. These techniques aim to take advantage of the unique characteristics of each component to create synergistic effects. Hybrid nanomaterials find applications in various fields, including electronics, catalysis, energy storage, and biomedicine. An overview of hybrid nanomaterial fabrication techniques that have emerged as promising approaches to design and synthesize novel materials with enhanced functionalities is presented in this chapter. The techniques discussed encompass both top-down and bottom-up methods, enabling precise control over the composition, structure, and properties of the resulting hybrid nanomaterials.
Riding the Dragon
Authors: Zreik Mohamad , Zhu Runping
Published: February 2024

This chapter examines the growth and influence of over-the-top (OTT) media within China's unique economic and legal context. It examines the business models, revenue sources, and revolutionary shift in content consumption and creation patterns brought about by major platforms like iQiyi, Tencent Video, and Youku. The regulatory practices in China are highlighted, along with the potential and difficulties that they provide to the OTT scene. Questions concerning media pluralism, content quality, and algorithmic recommendation systems are highlighted as the authors look at the broader societal ramifications, including the effect on cultural trends, celebrity culture, and the film and television industry.
Uses and Gratifications of “The Last Dance” and the Viewing Intention for a Chicago Bulls Game
Authors: Mereu Sebastiano
Published: February 2024

This chapter explores uses and gratifications of watching “The Last Dance,” a sports documentary series that premiered in 2020 on ESPN and Netflix about Michael Jordan and the 1990s Chicago Bulls basketball team. The study examines the influence of uses and gratifications on brand-user imagery fit and the intention to watch a Chicago Bulls game after having seen the show. Primary data was collected through a self-administered online questionnaire from people that had been watching “The Last Dance.” Results were computed through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. Results suggest that the realistic nature of the story and characters portrayed in “The Last Dance,” the relaxation experienced from watching the show, and social interaction with other viewers influence the intention to watch a Chicago Bulls game when mediated through brand-user imagery fit. These are new findings to the respective field of study and contribute towards the understanding for producing similar documentaries.
The Impact of OTT Media on Comedy in India
Authors: Jha Sonali , Shah Tamanna M.
Published: February 2024

The chapter emphasizes the impact of OTT media on the comedy industry. A comprehensive exploration of various OTT platforms such as Netflix and Amazon Prime Video along with social media platforms, we highlight how OTT has transformed distribution and consumption habits, enabling comedians to reach a global audience. Employing content analysis of four case studies of comedians from India, this chapter provides an analysis of the trends and opportunities of digital platforms for comedians to experiment with content creation, reach varied audiences, and build personal brands. Lastly, it examines the comedian's comedy style in adapting to a changing landscape and audience preferences; providing insights into the shifting comedy ecosystem since the emergence of OTT media through an analysis of comedians who have evolved with the OTT platform.
Bridging the Digital Divide
Authors: Behare Nitesh , Sharma Suraj , Inamdar Varada , Bhosale Swapnali , Waghulkar Shrikant
Published: February 2024

The chapter will give an in-depth exploration of role of OTT platforms in facilitating digital inclusion in the Global South, which will cover various aspects like economic impact, digital inclusion, challenges, recommendations, and future prospects. It will also explore how OTT platforms have contributed to bridging the digital divide, fostering access to information, entertainment, and educational content in regions with limited infrastructure and resources. The chapter will analyze initiatives and strategies employed by OTT platforms to reach underserved populations, impact of affordable pricing models, localized content, and innovative approaches to overcome connectivity challenges. The challenges in the Global South are also examined in this chapter including infrastructure limitations, connectivity barriers, privacy concerns, regulatory frameworks, and ensuring equitable access for all populations. Additionally, it will discuss the implications of OTT platforms for socio-economic development, empowerment, and creation of digital opportunities in the Global South.
OTT and Live Sports – Indian Premier League 2023 and its Impact on the Future of Sports Broadcasting in India
Authors: Arakkal Josraj Augustine , Menon Preetha
Published: February 2024

The battle between JioCinema and Star Sports for live sports viewership reached its peak with Indian Premier League (IPL) 23. In stage one, this chapter uses the case study method to present the story of IPL 23 viewership in the light of free subscriptions. Data was collected through secondary sources like newspaper articles, online newsfeeds, syndicated reports, and expert comments over a period of six months. This data was then analysed on the basis of audience size, advertiser dynamics, and advertising revenues for both JioCinema and Star Sports. Focusing on free subscriptions as a tactic and the sustainability of such promotions on the long-term standing of an over-the-top platform (OTT), an OTT platform performance model (PPM) is proposed in stage two of this chapter. The model offers a five-pronged approach to long term sustainability of an OTT platform.