bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of inhaled iloprost in children with pulmonary hypertension after pediatric cardiac surgery: a case series
Authors: Arslanoğlu Ergin , Bakhshaliyev Shiraslan , Kara Kenan Abdurrahman , Yiğit Fatih , Yeşiltaş Mehmet Ali , Huseynzade Shabnam , Özalp Zeynep Gülben Kük , Karaci Ali Rıza
Published: April 2024

Background

The postoperative phase of cardiac surgery in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease often involves the management of pulmonary hypertension, which can significantly affect recovery and long-term prognosis. Inhaled iloprost is a potent acute pulmonary vasodilator with a rapid onset of action and has been shown to be effective and safe in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension, improving clinical parameters by lowering pulmonary artery pressure. In our study, we will share the results of patients with pulmonary hypertension after pediatric cardiac surgery in whom we used inhaled iloprost.

Results

A total of 9 patients who received inhaled iloprost between 2020 and 2023 were included in the retrospective study. The age of the patients ranged between 10 days and 11 months, with a mean of 207.77 days (6.92 months) ± 105.78 days (3.52 months). Five patients were male (55.55%), and four were female (44.45%). Three of the patients had trisomy 21 (33.3%) genetic mutations.

Conclusions

The limited number of case series in the literature support the potential of inhaliloprost as an effective and safe therapeutic option for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension in the pediatric population after congenital heart surgery. The findings of this study support the literature and suggest that inhaliloprost is effective. Due to the limited number of patients, further research is needed to determine the safety and efficacy of these drugs, especially to determine the dose, route, and duration of administration in intubated patients.
Collaborative Initiatives in Neurosurgery Research and Publications Between High-Income and Low/Middle-Income Countries: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Jelmoni Alice Jacqueline , Cannizzaro Delia , Uralov Daniel , Totis Francesca , Safa Adrian , Zaed Ismail , Fauzi Asra Al , Khan Tariq , Esene Ignatius N. , Kolias Angelos , Karekezi Claire , Hutchinson Peter , Servadei Franco
Published: April 2024

Despite the globalization of health information, collaborations between high-income countries (HICs) and low/middle-income countries (LMICs), while present, could still increase. This study builds on previous research highlighting LMIC underrepresentation in neurosurgery literature. We conducted a comprehensive bibliometric analysis using the Scopus database to investigate collaborative neurosurgical research between HIC institutions and those in low-income country (LIC)/LMICs. Articles published between 2018 and 2020 were examined. Articles were categorized into 3 groups: guidelines, conferences, and consensus statements; articles related to training and collaborations; and other articles. We categorized articles and authors by country, role, and specific subtopic. We included 238 reports from 34 neurosurgical journals for analysis. Geographic distribution indicated that India led LIC/LMIC contributions (25.21%). Among HICs, the United States had the highest contribution (47.76%). In collaborative studies, Uganda, Cameroon, Tanzania, Indonesia, and Nigeria made significant contributions. LICs and LMICs accounted for 446 authors, while HICs contributed with 592. India has presented the highest number of authors in significant positions. In HICs, significant positions are recognized in USA articles. When scoring authors' position in collaborative papers, still HICs had a clear prevalence. The highest number of collaborations between HICs and LICs/LMICs has been observed in articles related to training and collaborations. Kenya matched India's contributions in training and collaborations. Global guidelines and consensus papers can enhance patient care, but LMICs' involvement remains limited. Further attention to training and collaboration initiatives is needed. This study emphasizes the importance of promoting collaboration and training between countries with varying resources to advance neurosurgical care globally.
Prediction of Bioethanol from Production of Lignocellulosic Biomass Waste from Agriculture and Livestock Using Regression Analysis Model
Authors: Ludfiani Dini Dwi , Arianti Forita Dyah , Prabowo Agung , Haryanto Bambang , Megawati Megawati , Sasongko Nugroho Adi
Published: April 2024

Background Every year, the food supply must need to increase to accommodate population growth and food consumption increases. It causes the production of lignocellulosic biomass waste (LBW) in Indonesia from sector of agriculture and livestock also increase. Contrast to energy supply, energy demand increases but energy supply from fossil fuel become limit. More than 80% of LBW is dumped or burned, whereas the LBW has the potential as raw material of sustainable bioenergy, especially bioethanol to replace or mix with fossil fuel. This study aimed to predict the bioethanol production from potential of LBW to optimize its utilization. Potential of LBW production is estimated based on production of LBW lignocellulose component (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin). The novelty of this study is obtained predicted values for bioethanol production based on LBW production using a regression analysis model. Methods The data of LBW production is calculated based on converting waste of the crops production (for agriculture sector) and animal unit (AU) (for livestock sector). The data of LBW consist of rice straw, corn stover, sugarcane bagasse, cassava peel, paunch content, and feces. This study use linear regression analysis model to predict bioethanol production from LBW. Results Estimation average LBW lignocellulose production in Indonesia is around 104.47 million tons, and can produce around 59.98 billion gallons (227.01 billion liters) of bioethanol. The regression model based on lignocellulose production (R2) was 0.9925 (cellulose), 0.9848 (hemicellulose), and 0.9294 (lignin). Production of LBW in Indonesia is highest in Southeast Asia and has increased 2.07% per year because crops production, ruminant population, and ruminants slaughtered increase. This value will continue to increase, same with bioethanol production from LBW production. Conclusions Overall, Indonesia has potential to produce bioethanol from LBW. Using the entire the LBW for bioethanol make it possible to meet domestic energy demands in a sustainable.
MODIFICATION OF THE SECOND POSTULATE OF AUDITING FORMULATED BY R. MAUTZ, H.SHARAF
Authors: Popova Anastasiya
Published: April 2024

The article discusses the second and third postulates of auditing formulated by R. Mautz and H. Sharaf, and their subsequent modification. The likelihood of a conflict of interest between the auditor and the audited entity (employees, administration, business owners) and the auditor and users of the reports is being investigated. The author comes to the conclusion that the original formulation of the second postulate of R. Mautz and H. Sharaf has lost its relevance and does not find application in modern realities, the author's vision of this postulate is proposed
Experts answer GARANT Legal Consultin
Authors: Lazareva Irina , Ibatullina Rezeda , Lazukova Ekaterina , Koshkina Tat'yana , Davydova Ol'ga , Polyakova Elizaveta
Published: April 2024

The questions concerning tax risks, electronic document management, VAT are answered by the experts of the Legal Consulting GARANT
Is Pain Metaphysically Evil (Malum Simpliciter)?
Authors: Tabaczek Mariusz
Published: April 2024

Contrary to the commonly assumed opinion that Christianity sees pain as intrinsically evil – where evil is defined as the lack of something good – Aquinas defines pain not as a privation but rather a passion of the soul, i.e., an emotion that depends on sensual and/or intellective cognition of something evil, is good in itself, and may serve a purpose. This article offers a formalized version of the Thomistic definition of pain and related negative (unpleasant) emotions experienced by humans. It also compares and contrasts this view with some contemporary scientific and philosophical models of pain.
RESEARCH ROUNDUP
Authors: Winter George
Published: April 2024

George Winter provides an overview of recently published articles that may be of interest to practice nurses. Should you wish to look at any of the papers in more detail, a full reference is provided.
Reflections from members of a collaborative social work practitioner–academic research team investigating the career progression experiences of black social workers
Authors: Moseley Akilah , Taylor Mark , Wilson Sophia , Mazumdar Salil Meech , Rowaiye Celestina , Law Agnes
Published: April 2024

This article shares the reflections of members of a collaborative practitioner–academic research team in social work. The team investigated the career progression experiences of black social workers working in statutory social work services in South-East London. Our intention in this article is to share our experience of researching a subject that holds emotional and political resonance. We do so by offering individual perspectives from different team members on how their project involvement affected them both personally and professionally. We also discuss some of the general themes identified in our reflections. These include practitioners growing in research confidence, the need to create a safe emotional space for stories of researcher discomfort and uncertainty to be heard, the effects of undertaking research on professional social work identity, and curiosity about whether our research endeavours can change social work career progression policies and practices for black social work colleagues. We caution that a safe emotional container is required when researching personally and professionally sensitive, subjects such as racism and discrimination in social work. We hope that our article inspires social work practitioners to become involved in research activities.
Sex-Biased Differences in Infant Mortality and Life Expectancy at Síi Túupentak , an Ancestral Ohlone Village in Central California (ca. 540–145 cal. BP)
Authors: Buonasera Tammy , Eerkens Jelmer , Byrd Brian , Engbring Laurel , Arellano Monica , Leventhal Alan , Parker Glendon
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT: Síi Túupentak (CA-SCA-565/H) is a late precontact ancestral Ohlone village and cemetery site in Central California (ca. 540–145 cal. BP). Integration of proteomic, genomic, and osteological analyses provided highly confident biological sex estimates for remains of most individuals at this site (65 of 76), spanning all age groups, from perinatal infants to aged adults. Based on these relatively comprehensive data, it was possible to generate sex-specific Kaplan-Meier survival curves for this burial population of sedentary hunter-gatherers. As was common among societies predating modern Western medicine and antibiotics, infant mortality was high for both males and females. However, male infants (from birth to 5 years of age) appear to have died at nearly twice the rate of female infants (10 of 33 males vs. 5 of 32 females) and had a mean age of survival at birth of only 19 years, compared to 30 years for females. The difference in male and female survival was statistically significant by log-rank test ( p = 0.005). Compared to survival curves for other societies predating modern Western medicine and antibiotics, including American-era historical deaths recorded for a cemetery in San Francisco, this bias is larger than might be expected. We suspect the pattern of sex-biased infant mortality at Síi Túupentak could relate to an intrinsic survival advantage for female infants, combined with extrinsic factors such as environmental pathogens, nutritional stress, and gendered differences in weaning patterns detected through stable isotope analyses. Using isotopic data on weaning ages and ethnographic accounts of gendered foraging activities, we focus on the potential role of sex-biased differences in weaning patterns and highlight potential demographic and social implications. Broader application of proteomic and genomic sex estimation would allow sex-biased differences in nutrition and health, as well as social and cultural aspects of male and female life histories, to be compared across a wide range of archaeologically known hunter-gatherer societies.
Factors Associated With the Probability of Leaving Bolsa Família Program
Authors: Carraro André , Fernandez Rodrigo Nobre , Loures Alexandre , de Farias Simões Arpino Kelly Fabiane
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT: Conditional cash transfer programs (CCTs) are increasingly common in Latin American countries and have become the main strategy for combating poverty and social inequality. Among many, noteworthy programs include Progresa-Oportunidades, later renamed Prospera, in Mexico in 1997; Programa Familias en Acción in Colombia; Chile Solidario in Chile in 2002; and Bolsa Família Program in Brazil in 2003. The central feature of the Bolsa Família Program (BFP) was that the receipt of monetary benefits by families was tied to the fulfillment of certain conditions, or conditionalities, involving healthcare and education for children and adolescents. The purpose of this design was, in the short term, to combat the negative effects of poverty on family well-being through the transfer of monetary resources, and in the long term, through the requirement of conditionalities, to break the poverty trap caused, in large part, by intergenerational transmission of income and education. The literature on conditional cash transfers has largely focused on entry conditions, paying less attention to exit conditions. This study aims to explore the trajectory of participant families in the Bolsa Família Program, using information obtained from the cohort of individuals born in the city of Pelotas in 2004. The research focuses on the socioeconomic characteristics of families at the time of their child’s birth in 2004 and the follow-up conducted in 2015. Survival analysis models are used to analyze the probability of exiting the program. The results reported by the survival analysis, Kaplan-Meier method, indicate that a BRL 1.00 (US$ 0.30) increase in income reduces, on average, the likelihood of successful departure from the BFP beneficiary family by 1%. Conversely, exercises conducted by family groups indicate that for families receiving benefits above the average, BRL 141.00 (US$ 42.32), the mother’s age and her employment status positively influence the chances of leaving the program. Overall, the results demonstrate that the values of the benefits received are subject to decreasing returns. For families receiving benefits below the average, a one-unit increase in the amount received reduces the probability of exiting the program by an average of 1%. Regarding successful exits, it was observed that having a white father increases the chances by 40%, and if the father is employed, it increases the likelihood of successfully exiting the program by 48%. These results indicate that the successful exit of families from the program is primarily associated with parental characteristics.
The Asymmetric Effects of Exchange Rate Volatility on Domestic Investment in Asia
Authors: Bahmani-Oskooee Mohsen , Saha Sujata
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT: Exchange rate volatility is said to affect domestic investment in either direction. An increase in exchange rate volatility can affect domestic investment negatively since risks are higher, mostly due to volatile prices that are the results of exchange rate volatility. Most previous studies assumed that the response is symmetric. However, one study recently demonstrated that the effects of exchange rate volatility on domestic investment could be asymmetric. We add to this new asymmetry literature by assessing the short-run and long-run effects of exchange rate volatility on domestic investment in eight Asian countries. The linear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach of Pesaran et al. (2001) is used to estimate the symmetric effects of exchange rate volatility on investment. We then follow Shin et al.’s (2014) approach of asymmetric cointegration and error-correction modelling to estimate asymmetric effects of exchange rate volatility on investment. The advantage of using both the approaches is that the variables could be a combination of I(0) and I(1), ruling out pre-unit root testing since these are the properties of almost all macroeconomic variables. Another advantage is that both approaches yield short-run and long-run results in one step. These advanced methods are applied to data from Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. We find that when a traditional linear and symmetric ARDL investment model was estimated for each of the eight countries in our sample, exchange rate volatility had a significant short-run effects on domestic investment in six countries. The short-run effects lasted into significant long-run effects only in the cases for Malaysia and Thailand. However, when a nonlinear model was estimated, the short-run asymmetric effects of volatility were found in all the eight countries. The short-run effects lasted into the long run only for Hong Kong, Indonesia, and Thailand. Clearly, more significant effects of exchange rate volatility were established by estimating a nonlinear model which must be attributed to the nonlinear adjustment of exchange rate volatility. These findings provide policy guidelines to investors in these countries as to how and in which direction exchange rate uncertainty will affect their investment decisions. They can then hedge against uncertain exchange rate volatility and maintain a stable investment environment.
Foreign Aid and Economic Growth in the Sub-Saharan African Countries
Authors: Bila Santos , Biyase Mduduzi , Farahane Matias , Udimal Thomas
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT: Official Development Assistance (ODA) remains an important tool for nurturing economic growth in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. This is evidenced by numerous studies that have investigated the ODA-growth nexus in SSA region. However the existing studies on the relationship between ODA and economic growth is subject to identification issues. More specifically, the issue of distributional heterogeneity has not been given the attention it deserves in this field. In other words, the issue of whether ODA-growth nexus differ among developing nations with different economic growth levels has not been meticulously explored. This study aims to examine the heterogeneous impact of ODA on economic growth across 24 SSA countries over a 38-year period. To achieve this, an attempt is made in this study to investigate how the effect of ODA varies along the conditional economic growth distribution by employing the Moment of Moments Quantile Regression (MM-QR) approach, an approach that is able to capture the diverse effects of ODA across different levels of growth distribution. Moreover, this study explores the role of social infrastructure and institutional quality in shaping this relationship. The results suggest that ODA has a positive impact on economic growth in the SSA region, with a larger positive impact in countries with high levels of economic growth. This finding is key as it underlines the important idea that though ODA positively influence growth, it doesn’t homogeneously affect all nations; but instead, it remarkably enhance it in areas with relatively robust and healthy economic conditions. The study also finds a positive and significant relationship between social infrastructures and institutions quality and economic growth, particularly in the 50th, 75th, and 95th quantiles, thereby highlighting the fact that well-developed social infrastructures and high-quality institutions play a pivotal role in nurturing economic progress, particularly at the mid to higher percentiles of economic development. The inclusion of institutions quality and interaction terms in the model influences the effect of aid on economic growth, with ODA being effective in countries located within the 25th and 50th quantiles. The findings suggest that aid can be strategically used to stimulate economic growth in SSA countries, particularly low-income countries.
"Narrativity and Cognition: Early Mind-Driven Plots in Henry James's Notebook Synopses"
Authors: Álvarez-Amorós José A.
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Inspired by a blend of narrativity studies and cognitive narrative theory, and based on an updated conception of the epistemic plot, this paper sets out to investigate how fictional cognition propels narrative progression from the earliest compositional stages of Henry James's tales as documented in his notebook synopses. Placed in a wider context, moreover, and given James's conviction of the storyness of the representation of consciousness, this paper also invites debate on his role as a remote harbinger of the narrativity of the mind, so characteristic of contemporary cognitive approaches to the fictional genre.
The Ends of Imagination: Trauma Narrative in Arundhati Roy's Prose and Politics
Authors: Chen Jamie
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Arundhati Roy became an overnight literary sensation in 1997: The God of Small Things was published to great acclaim from the critics, with Roy receiving a million-dollars advance and publishing houses snapping up the rights in more than eighteen countries within months of the novel's completion. Roy had spent four years working on the manuscript and would take another two decades to write her second novel, The Ministry of Utmost Happiness . In the meantime she published more than a dozen nonfiction books, whose topics ranged from critiques of nuclear armament to dam development. This article applies a postcolonial lens to the changes that Roy's prose seeks to achieve, focusing particularly on how her fictional and nonfictional work pushes the ends of her writerly imagination to work through personal and collective trauma. I use the term "work through" as LaCapra defines it in Writing History, Writing Trauma : "one is able to distinguish between past and present and to recognize something as having happened to one … which is related to, but not identical with, here and now" (66). LaCapra's emphasis on distinguishing between the past and present is linked to recognizing change or growth in this analysis, relating back to Roy's work both in terms of its activist applications as well as its experimentations with formal repetition. The article compares stylistic techniques in her nonfiction and fiction, specifically the printer's marks in The Greater Common Good and The God of Small Things , and analyzes how they are functioning differently in a trauma narrative. The article's title is a reference to Roy's first political essay, "The End of Imagination," and the analysis looks at the two interpretations of "ends," both in terms of limitations in her works as well as the conclusion she seeks to achieve through them, positing that Roy's multiple forms of storytelling indicate an imagination that is endless.
The Moving Mountain: Performance for Mauna a Wākea during the Protect Maunakea Movement
Authors: Jacob Susan
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Between the period of July 2019 and March 2020, Kānaka Maoli (Native Hawaiian) kia‘i (protectors or guardians) blocked the access road up to Mauna a Wākea, Hawai‘i’s tallest peak, to protest and prevent the construction of the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT). This proposed development, spearheaded by a conglomerate of international scientific organizations, has become the catalyst for the latest movement for reestablishing Hawaiian sovereignty after a long history of appropriation, desecration, and broken promises. For Kānaka Maoli the construction poses a threat to their sacred land, burial sites, and the delicate ecology of the mountain. During these protests, kia‘i demonstrated and reconfirmed their relationship to Mauna a Wākea through the mediums of music and dance in the newly created Mauna Protocol Ceremony performed at the protest site on Hawai‘i Island, public performance venues, and online. Performing for the mountain at accessible locations allowed more people to view and interact with Mauna a Wākea without having to be on location. It is through the Hawaiian concepts of ‘ike (know by doing), kū (stand firm), and hulihia (overturn) that I illustrate how kia‘i effectively transform secular spaces into sacred ones through the act of performance.
Highly precise thickness measurement of multilayer films based on the cross-correlation algorithm using a widely tunable MG-Y laser
Authors: Cheung Yang , Jing Zhenguo , Li Ang , Cao Pengdong , Zhou Da-Peng , Peng Wei
Published: April 2024

Inspired by the demodulation algorithm of Fabry–Perot composite sensors in the field of fiber-optic sensing, this paper proposes a method based on a widely tunable modulated grating Y-branch (MG-Y) laser combined with the cross-correlation algorithm to achieve a highly precise measurement of the optical thickness of each layer of a multilayer optical sample. A sample consisting of a double glass stack was selected, and the interference spectrum of the stacked sample was acquired using a widely tunable MG-Y laser. A fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm combined with a finite impulse response (FIR) bandpass filter was utilized to separate the different frequency components of the multilayer optical sample. The normalized spectra of each layer were reconstructed using the Hilbert transform. Subsequently, a cross-correlation algorithm was employed to process the normalized spectrum and determine the optical thickness of each layer with high precision. The samples were measured at predetermined locations, with 150 consecutive measurements performed to assess the repetition of the thickness. The standard deviation of these measurements was found to be lower than 1.5 nm. The results show that the cross-correlation algorithm is advantageous in the optical thickness measurement of multilayer films.
An improved method to detect arrhythmia using ensemble learning-based model in multi lead electrocardiogram (ECG)
Authors: Mandala Satria , Rizal Ardian , Adiwijaya  , Nurmaini Siti , Suci Amini Sabilla , Almayda Sudarisman Gabriel , Wen Hau Yuan , Hanan Abdullah Abdul
Published: April 2024

Arrhythmia is a life-threatening cardiac condition characterized by irregular heart rhythm. Early and accurate detection is crucial for effective treatment. However, single-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) methods have limited sensitivity and specificity. This study propose an improved ensemble learning approach for arrhythmia detection using multi-lead ECG data. Proposed method, based on a boosting algorithm, namely Fine Tuned Boosting (FTBO) model detects multiple arrhythmia classes. For the feature extraction, introduce a new technique that utilizes a sliding window with a window size of 5 R-peaks. This study compared it with other models, including bagging and stacking, and assessed the impact of parameter tuning. Rigorous experiments on the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database focused on Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC), Atrial Premature Contraction (PAC), and Atrial Fibrillation (AF) have been performed. The results showed that the proposed method achieved high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for all three classes of arrhythmia. It accurately detected Atrial Fibrillation (AF) with 100% sensitivity and specificity. For Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC) detection, it achieved 99% sensitivity and specificity in both leads. Similarly, for Atrial Premature Contraction (PAC) detection, proposed method achieved almost 96% sensitivity and specificity in both leads. The proposed method shows great potential for early arrhythmia detection using multi-lead ECG data.
A typology of subseasonal rainfall evolution during the southern Niger monsoon
Authors: Kelley Colin P. , Shukla Shraddhanand , Grace Kathryn
Published: April 2024

Niger is highly vulnerable to rainfall variability, often with adverse socioeconomic consequences. This study examined observed subseasonal rainfall variability during Niger’s monsoon season (May to September). Using k-means clustering of dekadal (ten-day) rainfall, a typology was developed for the annual evolution of the monsoon season. Year-to-year rainfall variability for each of the first few dekads of the season is modest, but the middle, or peak of the rainy season demonstrates large interannual variability. Clustering analysis of annual timeseries for each dekad of the season revealed two types of monsoon progression. The distinction between the two types is strongly dependent on differences during the latter half of the season. For the first and third ten-day periods in August, and the first ten days in September, the two groups of years are more distinct. These results imply that while reliable prediction of the timing of anomalous onsets will be challenging, due to the relatively narrow range of uncertainty historically, there are opportunities for further exploration of dynamic and or statistical predictors or precursors using this typology that could potentially provide better information for decision-makers, especially with respect to agriculture.
Community-Based Organizations and the Challenges of the Anthropocene
Authors:   , Veress Tamás  Attila
Published: April 2024

The Anthropocene is characterized by the dominance of social arrangements prioritizing material growth (related to social power) over other concerns, such as human and non-human well-being, or the ecosystems’ capacity to sustain life. Despite significant potentials to reduce environmental destruction while increasing individual well-being, such potentials remain largely non-capitalized. What forms of collective action could support the aim of meeting needs and sustaining ecosystems’ regenerative capacities? The aim of the dissertation is to explore how, in the context of the Anthropocene, community-based organizations (CBOs) arrange collective actions prioritising socioecological concerns. To support this aim, the two research questions were formulated: • (RQ1) Which organizational characteristics support the community-based organizations to prioritise socioecological concerns? • (RQ2) What helps and what hinders the spreading and/or the adaptation of the existing models of community-based organizations in today’s world? 20 CBOs have been selected into the sample from a diverse range of fields (food, energy, housing, healthcare, mobility, education, intentional communities, local currency, finance). key stakeholder of each CBO has been interview through a semi-structured interview, and where available secondary data was also collected. Interview data have been transcribed and coded on a thematic level. To understand and to illustrate the main factors influencing the operation of CBOs a system map has been created. The variables of the system map were formulated from the coded data; each variable has the potential to drive system-level change. The core dynamics of the selected CBOs are autonomy, access to needs satisfiers and empowerment. Autonomy-supportive settings support prosocial inclinations. Empowerment allows peers to gain/enhance capabilities to work collectively on providing access to needs satisfiers. CBOs can be spaces of social and technological innovations supporting socioecological concerns. It is because a principle feature of CBOs, their design to listen and hear a wide range of stakeholders, therefore engaging with stakeholders by command-and-control, but rather through peer-to-peer coordination based on sharing, care, reciprocity, and common rule-setting/enforcing. The organizational characteristics of CBOs could be adopted by other types of organizations which are open to steer collective action towards socioecological concerns, rather than material growth. CBOs, when the circumstances are fit, can be spaces and vehicles where socioecologically-driven norms, practices and attitudes can spread and amplify.
Analysis of school sports policy research trends using text mining
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Kuk Min-Jun , Park Dae-Won
Published: April 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the knowledge system generated from previous research on school sports policy and based on this, to derive implications for conducting future research and establishing policies.
Methods: For this purpose, we collected papers related to the School Physical Education policy primarily from domestic academic journals and ultimately selected forty-nine papers for analysis using exclusion and inclusion criteria. The collected papers were analyzed using text-mining techniques found in the NetMiner software.
Results: Among the text mining analysis methods, the four topics derived through topic modeling are as follows. First, although policies to support student athletic activities are being established and implemented in various directions, problems such as lack of support have emerged in actual practice. Second, it is necessary to reset the scope, target, and content of the School Sports Policy to expand students' sports participation. Third, it is necessary to explore evaluation theories and models suitable for the analysis and evaluation of school physical education policies. Fourth, practical support measures must be prepared by exploring the specific perceptions of policy targets in schools.
Conclusion: Based on the above research results and discussions, policy implications for establishing a model approach and integrated system for the School Physical Education policy were presented.
A Study regarding the Cooperation Status and Perception of Guidance Professionalism by Teachers Dedicated to Basic Education: Focusing on the case of Gwangju Metropolitan Office of Education
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Lee Myungsuk , Park Soon-gil , Lee Gyeongnam
Published: April 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the actual state of cooperation and the perception of teaching expertise of teachers in charge of Basic Education, and to set up specific discussions based on the results.
Methods: A survey was analyzed using a quantitative research method. The survey involved thirty-eight teachers in charge of basic academic ability at the Gwangju Metropolitan Office of Education, and the survey questions were organized with open questions, closed questions, and a Likert scale centered on the questionnaire items. The survey was then conducted online in November 2023.
Results: First, there was a positive effect on the students subject to learning support in accordance with the purpose and intention of individualized and customized education by the teacher in charge of Basic Education. Second, it is necessary to strengthen the practical cooperation system for a successful operation. Third, it is necessary to provide budget support and training management related to teaching expertise. Fourth, it is necessary to secure the institutional stability of a teacher in charge of Basic Education.
Conclusion: Given that it is a policy for students, it is expected that teachers dedicated to Basic Education will develop their skills based on various opinions as well as the discussions presented in this study.
Implicaciones jurídicas de los sistemas de notificación y registro de eventos adversos en la esfera sanitaria
Authors: Libano Beristain Arantza
Published: April 2024

La notificación de eventos adversos constituye uno de los instrumentos esenciales de cara a la consecución de mejoras significativas en materia de seguridad del paciente. El presente trabajo pretende concretar las implicaciones jurídicas de las pautas sentadas a nivel internacional (OMS, Consejo de Europa y UE) de cara al establecimiento de un marco legal nacional favorable a la notificación de eventos adversos en la esfera sanitaria.
Down-regulation of AQP4 Inhibits Proliferation, Migration and Invasion of Human Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Li Y.-B. , Sun Sheng-Rong , Han X.-H.
Published: April 2024

Aquaporins (AQPs), proteinaceous water channels, have been proposed as mediators of tumour development and progression. However, the role of aquaporin 4 (AQP4), a member of the AQP family, in breast cancer has not been distinctly evaluated. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of AQP4 down-regulation on proliferation, migration and invasion in human breast cancer. To determine this effect, siRNA interference was used to knock down its expression in T47D and MCF-7 cell lines. Down-regulation of AQP4 resulted in increased expression of E-cadherin along with an inhibitory effect on the proliferation, migration and invasion in breast cancer cells. In addition, AQP4 regulation of cell proliferation could be related with the ERK/Ecadherin pathway. In conclusion, the present data have suggested that down-regulation of AQP4 inhibits breast cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion.
α-Synuclein: A Promising Biomarker for Parkinson’s Disease and Related Disorders
Authors: Hatano Taku , Okuzumi Ayami , Matsumoto Gen , Tsunemi Taiji , Hattori Nobutaka
Published: April 2024

Mutations in the SNCA gene, which encodes α-synuclein (α-syn), play a key role in the development of genetic Parkinson’s disease (PD). α-Syn is a major component of Lewy bodies in PD and glial cytoplasmic inclusions in multiple system atrophy (MSA). Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder patients often progress to PD, dementia with Lewy bodies, or MSA, which are collectively known as α-synucleinopathies. The loss of dopaminergic neurons with Lewy bodies precedes motor dysfunction in these diseases, but the mechanisms of neurodegeneration due to α-syn aggregation are poorly understood. Monitoring α-syn aggregation in vivo could serve as a diagnostic biomarker and help elucidate pathogenesis, necessitating a simple and accurate detection method. Seed amplification assays (SAAs), such as real-time quaking-induced conversion and protein misfolding cyclic amplification, are used to detect small amounts of abnormally structured α-syn protofibrils, which are central to aggregation. These methods are promising for the early diagnosis of α-synucleinopathy. Differences in α-syn filament structures between α-synucleinopathies, as observed through transmission electron microscopy and cryo-electron microscopy, suggest their role in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration. SAAs may differentiate between subtypes of α-synucleinopathy and other diseases. Efforts are also being made to identify α-syn from blood using various methods. This review introduces body fluid α-syn biomarkers based on pathogenic α-syn seeds, which are expected to redefine α-synucleinopathy diagnosis and staging, improving clinical research accuracy and facilitating biomarker development.
Open Access Green und ResearchGate – Wie sollten Bibliotheken damit umgehen?
Authors: Regener Ralf
Published: April 2024

ResearchGate ist eine der erfolgreichsten Webseiten der Wissenschaftskommunikation. Ein wesentlicher Aspekt ist das Bereitstellen von wissenschaftlichen Publikationen durch die Wissenschaftler selbst. Anliegen des Beitrags ist es ein Verständnis für den Erfolg von ResearchGate zu entwickeln, um Erkenntnis für die Verbesserung der eigenen Dienste im Bereich Green Open Access zu erlangen.
Open Forum in the Dedicated Issue of East European Holocaust Studies on Oral History and the Holocaust
Authors: Mykhalchuk Roman Yuriiovych
Published: April 2024

The events of the Holocaust are reflected in the numerous memoirs of rescued victims and witnesses of Nazi crimes. Collections of testimonies, memories and oral history on the Holocaust include thousands of early testimonies and life stories archived in for example the Yad Vashem and audio-visual collections initiated in later years such as the Institute for Visual History and Education USC Shoah Foundation, The Fortunoff Video Archives, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Yahad-In Unum and others. In this open forum we how the knowledge from collecting and using oral history and testimonies in Holocaust research can inform current collecting initiatives in relation to for example the ongoing Russian war in Ukraine.
An EU Fund to Incentivise Public Investments with Positive Externalities
Authors: Beetsma Roel
Published: April 2024

This contribution, based on the proposals by Bakker, Beetsma, and Buti (2024a. “The Case for a European Public-Goods Fund.” Project Syndicate, 4 March. https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/public-goods-fund-could-finance-green-transition-and-ensure-fiscal-responsibility-by-age-bakker-et-al-2024-03, 2024b. “Two Birds with One Stone: Investing in European Public Goods while Maintaining Fiscal Discipline at Home.” Intereconomics 59 (2): 1–6), discusses an EU fund to finance investments with positive cross-border spill-overs, such as large infrastructures, that are too expensive for individual countries to finance, or of which the benefits are insufficiently internalised by individual investing countries. Each country receives a given part (“envelope”) of the fund. The envelope size and the contribution as well as the eventual debt repayment burden could be proportional to the size of the economy, thereby minimising cross-border redistribution. Access to the fund’s resources is conditional on adherence to the EU’s new fiscal rulebook. If a country fails to make full use of its envelope, the remaining resources are re-allocated over the other envelopes. Hence, the fund provides an incentive for countries to simultaneously undertake investments that benefit groups of countries or the EU at large, and to maintain fiscal discipline. We discuss the size of the fund, how it fits within the EU current instrument set, its governance, its financing and its potential political appeal.
You as a stylistic vector of otherness: from self-ascription to enactment in Kincaid (1988), Adichie (2009) and Azumah Nelson (2021)
Authors: Sorlin Sandrine
Published: April 2024

Based on a theoretical pragmatic model (Sorlin, Sandrine. 2022. The stylistics of ‘you’. Second-person pronoun and its pragmatic effects. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), this article compares the use of the second-person pronoun in three different narratives written by Black writers: Jamaica Kincaid’s essay, A Small Place (1988), Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s short story “The Thing Around Your Neck” (2009) and Caleb Azumah Nelson’s first novel Open Water (2021). It highlights how the racial nature and assumed universality of you is exposed in the texts and argues that the pronoun works as a powerful vector of otherness, bringing the (white Western) reader to experience racism in most intimate terms. The three texts propose varied stylistic constellations that draw on the flexibility of the pronoun in terms of potential reference, entailing different positionings of audiences, going from “self-ascription” (Wechsler, Stephen. 2010. What ‘I’ and ‘you’ mean to each other: Person indexicals, self-ascription, and theory of mind. Language 86(2). 332–365) to “enactment” (Caracciolo, Marco. 2014. The experientiality of narrative. Berlin: De Gruyter; Popova, Yanna B. 2015. Stories, meaning and experience: Narrativity and enaction. London & New York: Routledge). The article also evidences how the inter/intra-personal pronoun triggers a blurring of traditional stylistic and narratorial labels and lines. Lastly, from an enactive perspective that sees reading as an intersubjective participatory act where meaning emerges in the very interaction between a teller and a reader, this article sees communicating as an act of coordination based on the metaphor, communicating is dancing, inspired by Azumah Nelson’s rhythmic novel.
Mitigating attenuation effects in free-space optics using WDM under variable atmospheric conditions
Authors: Chaudhari Dhrumi , Rajput Sandeep
Published: April 2024

This research delves into the optimization of wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) within free space optical (FSO) communication systems, aiming to enhance the system’s resilience against atmospheric disruptions. FSO communication, known for its high bandwidth capabilities in unlicensed frequency bands, often encounters reliability issues due to weather-related signal degradation. By integrating a novel WDM-FSO approach, this study seeks to extend the operational range by using switching technique, thereby ensuring consistent and reliable communication. The introduction of a sophisticated switching and fork mechanism is pivotal in this context, facilitating dynamic signal routing and the strategic placement of optical amplifiers to counteract the impact of weather fluctuations and geographical challenges on signal integrity. This system, engineered to support a data transmission rate of 25 Gbps, caters to the needs of applications requiring high bandwidth. Through rigorous performance evaluation based on the Q-factor and BER under various atmospheric conditions, the effectiveness of the WDM-FSO system is demonstrated. The findings are detailed through graphs and tables, providing a comprehensive understanding of the system’s performance. This study makes a significant contribution to the field of wireless optical communication by presenting an optimized WDM-FSO system capable of overcoming weather-related obstacles especially at places where weather conditions are changed very frequently, marking a step forward in establishing more reliable FSO communication networks.
De la necesidad de socializar al fast-ocio digital: una infinita conversación juvenil en redes sociales
Authors: Gómez Rubio Leire , López Vidales Nereida , Vicente Torrico David
Published: April 2024

Introducción: El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar en qué medida la actividad diaria desarrollada por los jóvenes en las redes sociales con más usuarios está dirigida a satisfacer sus necesidades de socialización, en tanto que conectan con otros jóvenes creando comunidades en el espacio virtual, y de qué manera su participación en ellas ocupa su ocio habitualmente. Metodología: Se ha encuestado a 900 jóvenes con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y los 25 años que cursaran tanto estudios universitarios como de Enseñanza Secundaria Obligatoria o Ciclos Formativos de Grado Medio y Superior, cuyos resultados se han completado con la realización de varios focus groups con jóvenes universitarios. Resultados: Aunque los jóvenes identifican de forma explícita las redes sociales con el entretenimiento, reconocen que su actividad en ellas responde más a una necesidad de socializar que a una experiencia de ocio. La mayoría admite que su labor en las redes está sobre todo vinculada a la obligación que sienten de cumplir con el feedback digital que sus contactos esperan de ellos, que a la voluntad de disfrutar de las redes como una actividad de ocio. Discusión y conclusiones: La percepción de los jóvenes es que realizan un uso controlado de las redes sociales, casi nunca excesivo. Los resultados obtenidos ponen de manifiesto la escasa interacción que los jóvenes tienen con las redes sociales cuando estos canales dejan de estar asociados al entretenimiento. Teniendo en cuenta el importante valor que las redes tienen para democratizar la participación e implicación de la ciudadanía en su vida diaria, se ve necesario plantear y desarrollar acciones educativas que ayuden a los más jóvenes a conocer las verdaderas posibilidades de las redes sociales, de manera que, según van creciendo, el uso que realizan de las mismas vaya evolucionando hacia prácticas que excedan el entretenimiento, en lugar de disminuir su participación.