bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of a Novel Artificial Intelligence System Leads to the Detection of Significantly Higher Number of Adenomas During Screening and Surveillance Colonoscopy: Results From a Large, Prospective, US Multicenter, Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Desai Madhav , Ausk Karlee , Brannan Donald , Chhabra Rajiv , Chan Walter , Chiorean Michael , Gross Seth A. , Girotra Mohit , Haber Gregory , Hogan Reed B. , Jacob Bobby , Jonnalagadda Sreeni , Iles-Shih Lulu , Kumar Navin , Law Joanna , Lee Linda , Lin Otto , Mizrahi Meir , Pacheco Paulo , Parasa Sravanthi , Phan Jennifer , Reeves Vonda , Sethi Amrita , Snell David , Underwood James , Venu Nanda , Visrodia Kavel , Wong Alina , Winn Jessica , Wright Cindy Haden , Sharma Prateek
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Adenoma per colonoscopy (APC) has recently been proposed as a quality measure for colonoscopy. We evaluated the impact of a novel artificial intelligence (AI) system, compared with standard high-definition colonoscopy, for APC measurement.

METHODS:

This was a US-based, multicenter, prospective randomized trial examining a novel AI detection system (EW10-EC02) that enables a real-time colorectal polyp detection enabled with the colonoscope (CAD-EYE). Eligible average-risk subjects (45 years or older) undergoing screening or surveillance colonoscopy were randomized to undergo either CAD-EYE–assisted colonoscopy (CAC) or conventional colonoscopy (CC). Modified intention-to-treat analysis was performed for all patients who completed colonoscopy with the primary outcome of APC. Secondary outcomes included positive predictive value (total number of adenomas divided by total polyps removed) and adenoma detection rate.

RESULTS:

In modified intention-to-treat analysis, of 1,031 subjects (age: 59.1 ± 9.8 years; 49.9% male), 510 underwent CAC vs 523 underwent CC with no significant differences in age, gender, ethnicity, or colonoscopy indication between the 2 groups. CAC led to a significantly higher APC compared with CC: 0.99 ± 1.6 vs 0.85 ± 1.5,P= 0.02, incidence rate ratio 1.17 (1.03–1.33,P= 0.02) with no significant difference in the withdrawal time: 11.28 ± 4.59 minutes vs 10.8 ± 4.81 minutes;P= 0.11 between the 2 groups. Difference in positive predictive value of a polyp being an adenoma among CAC and CC was less than 10% threshold established: 48.6% vs 54%, 95% CI −9.56% to −1.48%. There were no significant differences in adenoma detection rate (46.9% vs 42.8%), advanced adenoma (6.5% vs 6.3%), sessile serrated lesion detection rate (12.9% vs 10.1%), and polyp detection rate (63.9% vs 59.3%) between the 2 groups. There was a higher polyp per colonoscopy with CAC compared with CC: 1.68 ± 2.1 vs 1.33 ± 1.8 (incidence rate ratio 1.27; 1.15–1.4;P< 0.01).

DISCUSSION:

Use of a novel AI detection system showed to a significantly higher number of adenomas per colonoscopy compared with conventional high-definition colonoscopy without any increase in colonoscopy withdrawal time, thus supporting the use of AI-assisted colonoscopy to improve colonoscopy quality (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04979962).
Reflections from the Experiences of Elementary Mathematics Teaching Undergraduate Students within the scope of Mathematicians Who Left a Mark on History Project: A Project of CSP Course
Authors: ARABACI Duygu , SAVAŞ Gülşade
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to examine the experiences of the second year undergraduate students of Elementary Mathematics Teaching (EMT) within the scope of the Mathematicians Who Left a Mark in History (MWLMH) Project carried out within the scope of the Community Service Practices (THU) course. The case study method, one of the qualitative research designs, was used in the study. The participants of the research consist of 14 undergraduate students studying in the second year of the EMT program of a state university in the Western Black Sea region in the spring semester of the 2021-2022 academic year. The data of the research were obtained from the reflective diaries that the students kept regularly every week from the beginning to the end of the project process, and from the focus group interviews held with the students after the process was over. The obtained data were subjected to content analysis. As a result of the research; it has been determined that the MWLMH project contributes to PEMT undergraduate students in different aspects such as gaining teaching experience, experiencing designing materials and how to integrate MH into lessons and strengthening their communication skills. In addition, EMT undergraduate students were determined mostly pre-service teacher-related challenges as designing materials, also administrator-related challenges as being unwilling/indifferent. Lastly, EMT students emphasized that the activities/materials they developed were useful, interesting and entertaining for students and contributed to their awareness towards MH. Based on the results of the research, various recommendations were provided.
Analysis, Evaluation, and Comparison of the 2007, 2013 and 2018 Chemistry Curriculum Learning Outcomes Based on the Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy
Authors: YAŞAR Mehmet Diyaddin , SADİ-YILMAZ Sibel
Published: January 2024

Curricula guide the design of course contents,
objectives, durations, and methods of courses in different grades. Deciding
what students will learn and at which level they learn involves a difficult
process. The taxonomy approach in education provides teachers with an insight
into learning outcomes in curricula and assessment of students. This study examines
the chemistry curricula published by the Ministry of National Education of
Turkey (MEB) in the years 2007, 2013, and 2018 based on the knowledge and
cognitive process dimensions of the Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy (RBT). Data were
analyzed through document analysis. Reliability analysis was made through
examination of two researchers’ agreements and disagreements. The reliability
coefficient of the student was calculated to be 90.57. Examining the chemistry
curricula based on year and grade, the study found that learning outcomes
associated with conceptual knowledge were a lot in the knowledge dimension
while learning outcomes associated with understanding were many in the
cognitive process dimension. The study is significant as it shows how learning
outcomes changed in chemistry curricula in terms of RBT from 2007 to 2018. This
study may be supported by research that determines students’ RBT levels at the
end of assessment in chemistry courses or the RBT levels of questions asked to
students
A Comparison of Implicit and Explicit Teaching in Terms of Grammar and Writing Skills of Intermediate Learners
Authors: ALTUN Lokman , DİNÇER Rabia
Published: January 2024

Teaching grammar has always been a very popular issue
in the field of language studies. Explicit and implicit teachings are the main
methods that are being applied for years in this field. This paper compares
these two methods in terms of grammar success. Integrating this grammar
knowledge to writing skills appropriately is another aim of this study. 40
intermediate university students whose ages are between 18-22 participated in
this study. With pre and posttest and pre and post writings, a quantitative method
was applied in this paper. T-tests, ANCOVA and descriptive statistics were
identified with the aid of SPSS. Writing scores of both groups also were
evaluated by two raters and the number of grammar mistakes was calculated. As a
result of this study, a significant difference between pre and posttest was
found. In addition, the explicit group's grammar and writing points were really
better than the implicit group and the former group made fewer mistakes in
their writings. This paper points out the significance of the explicit teaching
method and gives the advice to administer and teachers about integrating these
types of methods into language courses and curriculums.
Determining the Academic Achievement of Students Who Use Flipped Classroom Method Supported by a Mobile Application and Their Views on Collaborative Learning
Authors: BOLATLI Zafer , KORUCU Agah Tuğrul
Published: January 2024

In our study, a flipped classroom method supported by a mobile application wasprepared, and students' opinions about collaborative learning were evaluated along withits effect on their academic achievement. In the quantitative research section of thisresearch, a semi - experimental pattern model with pre-test and post-test control groupwas used for the academic success variable. The population of the study consisted of 48randomly selected and 48 control group students from the Sancak Secondary Schoolaffiliated to the National Education Directorate in the Selcuklu district of Konyaprovince. According to the results of the research, it is that the academic success of thestudents who utilized the flipped classroom method supported by the mobile applicationincreased, compared with the students who took the traditional -learning method, andthis was found statistically significant. In addition, it has been observed that the students'prejudice to mathematics has been removed; they had fun in the process; they liked thelesson and they took an active role thanks to the mobile-supported FCM (FlippedClassroom Method). It is also seen that blending FCM and Collaborative Learningmethod increased the students' interest, motivation, participation in the class and theirsympathy.
Parametric singular double phase Dirichlet problems
Authors: Bai Yunru , Papageorgiou Nikolaos S. , Zeng Shengda
Published: January 2024

We consider a parametric (with two parameters

μ
,
λ
>
0

\mu ,\lambda \gt 0

) Dirichlet problem driven by the double phase differential operator and a reaction which has the competing effect of a singular term and of a superlinear perturbation. We prove a bifurcation-type result in the parameter

λ
>
0

\lambda \gt 0

, when the other parameter

μ
>
0

\mu \gt 0

is large.
Evaluation of the analgesic and anesthetic properties of silver nanoparticles supported over biodegradable acacia gum-modified magnetic nanoparticles
Authors: Tan Binbin , Chen Jun , Wang Wensheng
Published: January 2024

An ecofriendly and green procedure was adopted to immobilize Ag NPs over acacia gum (GA)-modified magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4-GA/Ag NPs) with analgesic and anesthetic properties. In the stepwise modification method, the pre-synthesized Fe3O4 NPs were coated by the gum acacia (GA) that has hydroxyl groups on its backbone and can be used for as a capping, reducing, and stabilizing agent for immobilized Ag nanoparticles. The capped Ag ions were reduced and immobilized over the acacia gum because of hydrogen bonding of the hydroxyl groups. The final bio-material was characterized by various analytical techniques such as X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission microscope, transmission electron microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and fourier transformed infra red spectroscopy. In the in vivo design, the results of anesthetic activity indicated that the Fe3O4-GA/Ag NPs made local anesthetic effects in guinea pig and frog models. After oral administration of Fe3O4-GA/Ag NPs, paw edema was significantly decreased in mice. Acetic acid-induced writhing episodes were dose-dependently and significantly decreased in all groups treated with Fe3O4-GA/Ag NPs. In addition, the analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties were determined in several doses of Fe3O4-GA/Ag NPs. The above results protect the analgesic and anesthetic properties of silver nanoparticles supported over biodegradable acacia gum-modified magnetic nanoparticles for the next research or clinical trial studies in human.
Allostructions and stancetaking: a corpus study of the German discourse management constructionsWo/wenn wir gerade/schon dabei sind
Authors: Gillmann Melitta
Published: January 2024

The paper reconciles the sociolinguistic concept of stance and stancetaking and Construction Grammar (CxG); it shows that overlapping allostructions may differ in terms of the stances they convey. Drawing on a corpus study of Wikipedia Talk pages, the paper presents a case study of German discourse management markers such aswo wir gerade dabei sind‘speaking of which’ orwenn wir schon dabei sind‘while we’re at it’. By statistically comparing the observed frequencies of the filler items with the expected ones (using Hierarchical Configural Frequency Analysis and Distinctive Collexeme Analysis), I will argue that there are two different collocational types, namelywo wir/ich gerade beiNPsind/bin‘as we are/I am just at NP’ andwenn wir/du schon beiNPsind/bist‘as we/you are already at NP’. Both serve as discourse management markers, topic orientation markers in particular, whose purpose it is to shift the topic. They involve the same fixed pattern, combining the same categorical slots. However, they diverge in collocational preferences. I will argue that these collocational preferences are indicative of the stances the allostructions conventionally convey: While the allostructionwo wir/ich geradePPsind/binseems to be neutral in terms of stance (face-less stance),wenn wir/du schonPPsind/bistis often used to express negative evaluation of a previous utterance made by an interlocutor, thus marking disalignment. The expression of disalignment seems to be related to the construction’s propensity to reference utterances made by an interlocutor.
Efficiency Measurement in Healthcare: The Foundations, Variables, and Models – A Narrative Literature Review
Authors: Andrews Antony , Emvalomatis Grigorios
Published: January 2024

Efficiency and productivity analysis have been critical in healthcare and economics literature. Despite the tremendous innovation in methodology and data availability, a comprehensive literature review on this topic has not been conducted recently. This article provides a three-part literature review of healthcare efficiency and productivity studies. It begins by reviewing the two primary empirical methods used in healthcare efficiency studies, emphasising the treatment of inefficiency persistence. Second, previous contributions to healthcare productivity research are discussed with a focus on methodology and findings. In the third section, various measures of outputs, inputs, and prices in health literature are explored to determine the extent of consensus in the literature. On the methodological front, the literature review shows that while the Data Envelopment Analysis and the Stochastic Frontier Analysis have been used extensively in healthcare productivity and efficiency studies, their application in the context of longitudinal data is limited. Further, no study currently undertakes to measure the TFP changes and its components that use both primal and dual approaches. There is also a considerable variation in the use of inputs, outputs, and price variables, suggesting that the use of variables in healthcare productivity and efficiency literature rests on the balance between data availability and the research scope.
The complex of Weyl module in free characteristic in the event of a partition (7,5,3)
Authors: Rabeea Raheem Ghsoon , Razooki Hassan Haytham
Published: January 2024

In this research, the diagrams and divided power, together with their Capelli’s identities, were employed to investigate“the Complex of Lascoux”\mbox{''}{the\; Complex\; of\; Lascoux}\mbox{''}in the situation ofpartition{partition}(7,5,3).
Movilidad periférica en la Zona Metropolitana del Valle de México. Entre la lejanía y la proximidad, de Georgina Isunza Vizuet. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 2022
Authors: Pérez Vargas Rosa María
Published: January 2024

Reseña de la obra.
Interventions in Roadway Engineering to Achieve Carbon Neutrality
Authors: Wang Ying , Yi Junyan , Li Ziyang , Cao Jiwei , Feng Decheng
Published: January 2024

As an essential part of the highway ecosystem, road plants can absorb much carbon dioxide emitted by operating vehicles. In this study, road plants’ carbon sequestration capacity and carbon neutralization strategy were quantitatively investigated. Firstly, the structure of the asphalt pavement of the expressway was formulated, and the carbon emissions of asphalt pavement at each stage were calculated and analyzed through construction site data monitoring and reference to the life cycle assessment database. Secondly, combined with the theory of carbon sequestration and oxygen release, quantitative analysis was carried out on the photosynthesis of typical green plants, and the carbon sequestration amount of different plant combinations was calculated. Finally, based on the carbon neutralization goal, the time required to complete the carbon emission neutralization in the construction period was proposed. The results show that different plant types have different carbon sequestration and oxygen release capacity for carbon emissions in the road system, and a reasonable combination of plants can greatly reduce the number of years required to complete carbon emissions during the construction period of unit functional roads. This study has great theoretical significance and practical value for reducing carbon emissions and achieving sustainable development.
Mechanical Properties and Durability of Sustainable UHPC Using Industrial Waste Residues and Sea/Manufactured Sand
Authors: Ge Wenjie , Zhu Shixin , Yang Jie , Ashour Ashraf , Zhang Zhiwen , Li Wei , Jiang Hongbo , Cao Dafu , Shuai Huaguo
Published: January 2024

Considering the continuous development of sustainable development, energy saving, and emission reduction concepts, it is very important to reduce concrete’s cement content in order to improve its environmental impact. Using a reactive admixture to replace part of the cement in ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) can effectively improve the overall performance of the concrete and reduce carbon dioxide emissions, which is an important aspect of environmental protection. Here, industrial waste residue (fly ash and slag), sea sand (SS), and manufactured sand (MS) were used to produce UHPC under standard curing conditions to reduce the material cost and make it more environmentally friendly and sustainable. The effects of water–binder ratio, contents of cementitious materials, types of sands, and content of steel fibers on the mechanical performance of UHPC under standard curing were investigated experimentally. In addition, evaluations of the impermeability, chloride, and freeze-thaw resistance of various UHPCs produced were conducted by investigating the effects of various factors on the depth under hydraulic pressure and electric flux of UHPC, as well as the mass loss, relative dynamic modulus of elasticity, flexural strength, and compressive strength of UHPC specimens after freeze-thaw cycles. The obtained experimental results show that the SS-UHPC and MS-UHPC prepared by standard curing exhibit high strength, excellent impermeability, and chloride resistance. The frost-resistant grade of all groups of UHPCs prepared by standard curing was greater than F500 and had excellent freeze–thaw resistance, including those produced with local tap water or artificial seawater. The investigation presented in this paper could contribute to the production of new low-cost and environmentally friendly UHPCs and accelerate the application of UHPC in engineering structures.
Dopamine Increases Accuracy and Lengthens Deliberation Time in Explicit Motor Skill Learning
Authors: Leow Li-Ann , Bernheine Lena , Carroll Timothy J. , Dux Paul E. , Filmer Hannah L.
Published: January 2024

Although animal research implicates a central role for dopamine in motor skill learning, a direct causal link has yet to be established in neurotypical humans. Here, we tested if a pharmacological manipulation of dopamine alters motor learning, using a paradigm which engaged explicit, goal-directed strategies. Participants (27 females; 11 males; aged 18–29 years) first consumed either 100 mg of levodopa (n = 19), a dopamine precursor that increases dopamine availability, or placebo (n = 19). Then, during training, participants learnt the explicit strategy of aiming away from presented targets by instructed angles of varying sizes. Targets jumped mid-movement by the instructed aiming angle. Task success was thus contingent upon aiming accuracy and not speed. The effect of the dopamine manipulations on skill learning was assessed during training and after an overnight follow-up. Increasing dopamine availability at training improved aiming accuracy and lengthened reaction times, particularly for larger, more difficult aiming angles, both at training and, importantly, at follow-up, despite prominent session-by-session performance improvements in both accuracy and speed. Exogenous dopamine thus seems to result in a learnt, persistent propensity to better adhere to task goals. Results support the proposal that dopamine is important in engagement of instrumental motivation to optimize adherence to task goals, particularly when learning to execute goal-directed strategies in motor skill learning.
The Political Economy of the Mexican Farm Labor Program, 1942-64
Authors: Kim Joon
Published: January 2024

Between 1942 and 1964, the Mexican Farm Labor Program brought in an unprecedented number of Mexican workers to perform harvesting jobs in U.S. agriculture. Started during World War II in response to wartime labor shortages, the program was extended for almost two decades after the end of the war. Yet it was fraught with political controversy, as Congress, growers, and the public debated labor needs in agriculture, the potential impact of foreign contracting on the domestic workforce, and the flexibility of imported labor. Drawing upon congressional hearings, international treaties, and government reports, this essay uses a political economy perspective to examine the process by which U.S. agriculture has come to depend on Mexican workers and the continued rationalization of foreign agricultural worker programs through a state-business alliance. A critique of the political economy of the Mexican Farm Labor Program also serves as a basis for formulating a viable H-2A program, the temporary or seasonal foreign worker program being debated in Congress today.
Human impacts on environment in the preindustrial forest landscapes in Poland—An overview
Authors: Słowiński Michał , Związek Tomasz , Swoboda Paweł , Niedzielski Michał A. , Słowińska Sandra , Konopski Michał , Jonczak Jerzy , Kruczkowska Bogusława , Chojnacka Aleksandra , Róg Dominik , Szewczyk Krzysztof , Brykała Dariusz
Published: January 2024

Quantification of human impact on past forest ecosystems becomes more challenging as one goes deeper into the past. This is primarily due to a scarcity of appropriate source materials. It is well-known that the inclusion of the Polish lands in the zone of economic ties with Western Europe at the end of the 15th century enabled the intensive export of cereal and forest products. In this article, we have used place names established before 1600 not only to demonstrate how ancient forests were exploited but also to reflect on the various environmental effects of these past activities. By analyzing the naming material, we distinguished 3 basic types of names related to logging, industrial production, and wild beekeeping. In addition, we have included several theoretical considerations related to environmental consequences of forest exploitation.
The Nagoya Protocol and nitrogen-fixing maize: Close encounters between Indigenous Oaxacans and the men from Mars (Inc.)
Authors: Kloppenburg Jack , Calderón Claudia Irene , Ané Jean-Michel
Published: January 2024

In this article, we discuss the Nagoya Protocol and its implications for access and benefit-sharing (ABS) agreements related to genetic resources and biodiversity. We analyze a case study of the appropriation of olotón, a maize variety with an unusual nitrogen-fixing trait grown in many communities throughout Oaxaca and probably beyond that region. Samples of olotón were acquired by scientists affiliated with Mars, Inc., the University of California-Davis, and the University of Wisconsin-Madison. The article unpacks how the olotón ABS agreement with the single Oaxacan community of Totontepec became a topic of controversy despite its approval by the Mexican government under the auspices of the Nagoya Protocol. We pose the question: Is the olotón ABS agreement to be considered “fair and equitable” or could it be an example of the unjust appropriation of genetic resources known as “biopiracy”? To answer that question, we proceed to analyze the “procedural,” “distributive,” “commutative,” and “representational” forms of justice as they apply to the acquisition of olotón. The Nagoya Protocol was created in part to impede biopiracy by providing a framework for acquiring and using biodiversity in a “fair and equitable” way, but the Nagoya Protocol’s provisions are ambiguous and allow for confidentiality clauses that favor the acquisition of genetic materials in ways that we do not consider fair and equitable. We join other researchers and academics who cite the need for an improved approach for ethically accessing, using, and sharing genetic resources and knowledge.
Extracorporeal Blood Therapeutic Devices for Renal Replacement
Authors: Pantakitcharoenkul Jaturavit , Coblyn Matthew , Jovanovic Goran
Published: January 2024

Extracorporeal blood therapeutic devices (ETDs) are medical devices capable of performing treatments outside of the body through an extracorporeal circuit. These devices are widely used in both clinical/hospital settings and at-home care. A prototypical example is the treatment of nephrological diseases through hemodialysis and continuous renal replacement therapy using a hemodialyzer or an artificial kidney. The various applications of ETDs share common limitations such as coagulation, hemolysis, air embolism, and sensitivity reactions, all of which arise from the interactions of human physiology with the treatment mechanisms. Researchers are implementing microscale-based technology to achieve the next-generation ETD that can address persistent problems and improve therapeutic performance.

This review article focuses on the evolution of the structure and development of

conventional ETDs towards the miniaturization of the device. We begin with a narrow

but common definition of ETDs as well as their current form and uses for renal replacement followed by a review of the importance and progression of microscale-based ETD

development together with future directions towards achieving fully functional microscale-based ETDs that reflects contemporary technological and engineering advancements.
Release of Fermentable Sugars from Corn Silage – The Effect of Biological Pretreatment
Authors: Bucić-Kojić Ana , Planinić Mirela , Šibalić Darijo , Tišma Marina
Published: January 2024

Lignocellulose biomass, as a renewable and biodegradable carbon source, provides

a wide range of valuable bioproducts. Their utilization requires an efficient conversion

process to break down the complex and variable chemical structure of lignocellulose. In

this work, a solid-state fermentation-based pretreatment method for the release of fermentable sugars from corn silage was investigated. The optimal process conditions for

water-soluble sugar extraction were initially explored by response surface methodology

with the aim to achieve the maximum sugar concentration in the extracts. The optimal

extraction conditions were determined: t = 30 min; the liquid-solid ratio L/S = 25 mL g–1;

n = 170 rpm; and T = 30 °C. The changes in the content of water-soluble sugars (glucose,

fructose, sucrose, maltose, maltotriose) were analyzed during seven days of fungal treatment.
Phenotypic Plasticity, Growth, Biochemical Composition, Total Phenolic Content, and AntioxidanActivity of Microalga Desmodesmus multivariabilis Under Different Nitrogen and Phosphorus Concentrations
Authors: Akgül Füsun , Kösel Samet
Published: January 2024

The use of microalgae in biotechnological studies is increasing day by day because of their ability to produce and store secondary metabolites under extreme conditions. When the culture conditions such as light, nutrients, pH, and temperature are modified, the synthesis and storage amount of these secondary metabolites change. In this study, the effects of different nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations on the morphological changes, growth, biochemical composition, total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity of Desmodesmus multivariabilis were investigated.

The study results show that changing of the nitrogen and phosphorus concentration

in the microalgae culture medium is an effective strategy for changing growth, biochemical

composition, total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity parameters of microalgae.

All culture conditions should be detected, depending on the substance desired to be obtained from microalga and its biotechnological application. Therefore, this study is substantial as it is the first study on this concept with D. multivariabilis, and for obtaining economically important bioactive compounds of this species, this paper will play a key role.
Kinetic Study of the Ozonation of Atrazine
Authors: Šoltýsová Nikola , Derco Ján , Horná Alexandra
Published: January 2024

The kinetic study of the ozonation of atrazine as a single contaminant characterized

as COD was studied. A jet loop ejector reactor was used to improve the mixing and transfer of ozone in the reaction system. The results show a higher efficiency of atrazine

degradation in alkaline pH during the first 45 minutes. At the same time, the dechlorination of atrazine is faster than in neutral pH. Respirometric measurements carried out with

activated sludge were used to evaluate the effect of atrazine and the ozonation intermediates on microorganisms’ oxygen uptake rate. The results showed that ozonation performed at an alkaline pH resulted in the formation of substances that are more rapidly

biodegradable compared to substances formed by ozonation at neutral pH, as well as

compared to atrazine.
Enhanced Esterification Activity and Thermostability of Imprinted Poly(Ethylene Glycol)-Lipase Complex
Authors: Matsumoto M. , Tahara Yoshiro
Published: January 2024

Although the range of applications for enzymatic reactions in organic solvents is

rapidly expanding, this study focused on the enzymatic activity in the esterification of

lauric acid with benzyl alcohol, and thermostability of lipase using poly(ethylene glycol)

(PEG)-lipase complex and molecular imprinting techniques. The catalytic activity was

enhanced through molecular imprinting and the PEG-lipase complex. The imprinting operation was particularly effective for catalytic activity after forming the PEG-lipase complex. The kinetic analysis of the lipase-catalyzed esterification revealed that the increase in esterification rate with imprinted lipases was mainly due to the higher maximum rate achieved by the system. The thermostability of the lipases was significantly improved by imprinting at all temperatures (50~70 °C). After forming a PEG-lipase complex, the imprinted lipase exhibited much higher reactivity and thermostability compared to the native lipase and the imprinted PEG-lipase complex.
Azeotropic Behavior of the 2-Methylpropan-2-ol + water + 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide System
Authors: Pavlíček Jan , Bogdanić Grozdana , Wichterle Ivan
Published: January 2024

Vapor-liquid equilibrium data were measured isothermally in the near-azeotropic

region of the 2-methylpropan-2-ol + water + 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide system at 333.15, 343.15, and 353.15 K. The data were processed using a recently developed method based on a small number of experiments that provides a complete thermodynamic description of the azeotropic behavior. The parameters of the third-order Redlich-Kister equation were correlated with the ionic liquid concentration to determine an analytical dependence of both the azeotropic composition and the pressure.
Cu/αβ-Mox C as a Highly Selective Catalyst for the Reverse Water-gas Shift Reaction
Authors: Yao Z. , Liu Shuang , Rong Qingshan , Liu Dongmei , Wang Kun , Sun Na
Published: January 2024

The Mo carbide has been widely studied as a promising catalyst system for reverse

water-gas shift reaction (RWGS). In this study, a novel Cu-doped Mo carbide, denoted as

Cu/αβ-MoxC, was synthesized through a resin-based carbothermal reduction method, and

its structure was characterized using XRD, BET, SEM and TEM techniques. The catalyst’s Mo carbide component consisted of α-MoC1–x and β-Mo2C phases, and the Cu/Mo

molar ratios of 1/36, 1/22, 1/13, and 1/9 were considered. Among these catalysts,

Cu/αβ-MoxC with a 1:22 Cu:Mo molar ratio exhibited the highest RWGS performance.

It is worth noting that this catalyst also demonstrated significantly higher CO selectivity compared to previously reported Cu/β-Mo2C (97.6 % vs. 89.4 %) at lower temperatures

(e.g., 250 °C), attributable to its reduced affinity with CO.
Determining Students' Higher Thinking Skills Profile Using Creative Problem-Solving Model Indicators Integrated with Predict Observe Explain
Authors: Trisnayanti Y. , Sunarno W. , Masykuri M. , Sukarmin S. , Jamain Z.
Published: January 2024

This study intends to investigate the profile of students’ higher-order thinking skills through the model integration of Creative Problem Solving Predict-Observe-Explain (CPSPOE). Data collection was carried out both quantitatively and qualitatively (mixed method). The mixed method sequential explanatory design consisted of two distinct phases: quantitative and qualitative. In this design, the researchers first collected and analyzed quantitative (numeric) data, then proceeded with qualitative data to help decipher the quantitative results. Using a purposive sampling technique, the research sample used two junior high schools in the city of Bengkulu to determine the experimental and control classes in each school based on the average academic scores before the study. The research instrument was a high-level thinking cognitive test in the form of 10-item test items describing the interaction of living things with their environment. The results of student scores on the test were analyzed using the MANOVA significance test and obtained a p-value 0.05, meaning that there is a significant influence on classifying, problem-solving, generating hypothesizing, and decision-making. Based on the CPSPOE model reference, which is integrated with a complete and interactive sequence of learning stages that can facilitate students to be involved in efforts to train higher-order thinking skills and can effectively activate students, being facilitated by teachers, complex social systems are considered practical and easy to implement to train high-level thinking skills. This study concludes that the sequence of learning stages of the CPSPOE model can be effective in improving classifying, problem-solving, generating hypothesizing, and decision-making skills for junior high school students’ high-level thinking skills.
Criminalization Arrangements for Corporations (Comparative Study of Indonesia and Australia)
Authors: Baiquni Muhammad Iqbal , Adiyatma Septhian Eka , Saputri Atha Difa , Julianto Riki , Arifin Ridwan , Fibrianti Nurul
Published: January 2024

This research was conducted on corporate criminal liability arrangements in Indonesian legislation, with the long-term goal of harmonization of corporate criminal liability arrangements, so as to realize certainty, expediency and legal justice in law enforcement in Indonesia. To support the realization of harmonization in corporate criminal liability arrangements in the legislation, it is necessary to review corporate criminal liability arrangements in other countries, both those with the same legal system as Indonesia and with countries with a common law system, namely Australia. The research method used to achieve the research goals and targets is normative legal research with a statutory, and comparative approach method. The projected results of this study are in the form of real data on the implementation of corporate penal regulations for the National Legal System. The output of this research is in the form of published articles in accredited national journals
Function of Non-Judge Mediators in Divorce Settlement Through Religious Courts
Authors: Hanifah Mardalena , Pascadinianti Meidana
Published: January 2024

Marriage is carried out until the death of one of the husband and wife. In certain conditions, some things require the dissolution of a marriage, meaning that if the marriage relationship continues, harm will occur which will lead to divorce. Mediation as an out-of-court dispute resolution process is used by courts as a divorce settlement process. Mediation is carried out by a mediator, both a judge mediator and a non-judge mediator. The problem discussed is how to resolve divorce cases through mediation by non-judge mediators in the Religious Courts. The research method used is empirical research with qualitative analysis. Qualitative analysis is a study related to the integration of the substance of laws and regulations on divorce mediation and resolution in Religious Courts. Based on the results of research, the mediation process in the Religious Courts must be carried out by PERMA Number 1 of 2016 concerning Mediation Procedures in Courts, in line with islah as a peacemaker in Islam which has been carried out in the Religious Courts by mediator judges and non-judge mediators. The results of the study show that the success rate is very low. The cause of the failure of divorce settlement through mediation in the Religious Courts is the parties have the intention to divorce, making mediation only a requirement. In addition, the effectiveness of the mediator's function comes from the mediator's skills in handling divorce cases and the awareness of the parties to improve the household and the need for laws on mediation.
DOHaD: A Menagerie of Adaptations and Perspectives: Long-lasting effects of the presence of male siblings in utero on subsequent reproductive performance
Authors: Douhard Mathieu , Ronget Victor , Douhard Frédéric
Published: January 2024

In brief

In litter-bearing species, developing offspring can be exposed to different concentrations of androgens and oestrogens according to the sex of neighbouring fetuses. However, the relationships between litter sex composition and subsequent reproductive performance are discordant and complex.

Laboratory studies with rodents indicate that in utero proximity of a female to male fetus can affect female’s subsequent reproduction due to elevated testosterone exposure during early development. It remains unknown whether these findings can be generalised to non-laboratory species because the need for caesarean section makes it difficult to determine the intrauterine position outside laboratory conditions. As an alternative, some studies have compared the reproductive performance of individuals born in male-biased litters to those born in female-biased litters. We identified 44 of those studies in 28 viviparous species for a total of 176 relationships between litter sex composition around the time of birth and subsequent reproductive performance (fertility, fecundity, age at first reproduction, interbirth intervals or post-natal survival of offspring). Those relationships are discordant and complex both within and across species. Some factors can mask an actual association between litter sex composition and reproductive performance. Conversely, a part of significant relationships between litter sex composition and reproductive performance likely arises via pathways other than androgen- and oestrogen-transfer between fetuses of different sexes.
Responsabilidad Penal de las Personas Jurídicas en Chile
Authors: Medina Gonzalo
Published: January 2024

El objeto del presente trabajo es presentar una visión de la actual situación de la responsabilidad penal de las personas jurídicas en el ordenamiento jurídico chileno. Para ello se revisarán brevemente los aspectos principales de la ley que regula esta materia, la ley Nº 20.393 sobre responsabilidad penal de las personas jurídicías, vigente desde fines del 2009 en Chile. El trabajo da cuenta de los principales aspectos de la ley, con énfasis en el sistema de atribución de responsabilidad a la persona jurídica y los aspectos procesales vinculados a mecanismos de justicia negociada. Por último se ofrece un breve panorama de los probables cambios que podría experimentar la ley Nº 20.393 en un corto plazo.
Physical and mechanical properties of mycelium-based insulation materials produced from desilicated wheat straws - Part A
Authors: Kuştaş Süleyman , Gezer Engin Derya
Published: January 2024

Mycelium-based insulation materials made from lignocellulosic resources have the potential to replace petroleum-based foams. In this study, desilicated wheat straw was inoculated with Pleurotus ostreatus (PO) and Ganoderma lucidum (GL) fungi and incubated for 10, 20, and 30 days to produce mycelium-based insulation boards. The process of extracting silica from wheat stalks was conducted using a 1% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution prior to the production of mycelium-based insulation boards. Density, water absorption, thickness swelling, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, tensile strength perpendicular to the surface (Internal bonding test), and compressive strength of the mycelium insulation boards were measured. The results showed that mycelium-based insulation boards produced with GL had better physical and mechanical properties than those produced with PO. Furthermore, pretreatment of wheat straw with 1% NaOH improved the mechanical properties of the insulation boards produced.
De la palabra a la mano: La formación de la Educación Técnica en el Perú, 1864-1915
Authors: Guizado Mercado Yenisa
Published: January 2024

El presente artículo analiza los orígenes de la educación técnica en el Perú y su importancia en el proyecto de modernización nacional tras la Guerra del Pacífico. El propósito es comprender el papel de la Escuela de Artes y Oficios de Lima en dicho contexto y cómo sus dos principales directores impulsaron tenazmente la propuesta de la industrialización. Se concluye que la profesionalización técnica inició el proceso de tecnificación a nivel nacional.
Quipus como instrumentos de dominación ideológica en tiempos coloniales
Authors: Ruiz Estrada Arturo
Published: January 2024

Los quipus, como un sistema de comunicación y registro, fueron un instrumento que el ingenio indígena creó para expresar asuntos de diversa índole desde tiempos preincaicos. Tal sistema consistía en nudos atados a cordeles para registrar determinados acontecimientos de la vida cotidiana o administrativa de los pueblos antiguos. El objetivo del presente artículo es contribuir, con nuevos elementos, a la comprensión del uso de los quipus para la dominación ideológica de los ayllus nativos en tiempos coloniales. Para tal propósito comentamos las Instrucciones proporcionadas por el padre mercedario Fray Diego de Porras.
Sagliker syndrome: a rare manifestation of uncontrolled secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic renal failure – a comprehensive case report
Authors: Rueda Mayra Michelle Nuñez , Razo Ricardo Acuña , Vazquez Erick Villafan
Published: January 2024

We present a case of a 22-year-old female patient with a history of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and secondary hyperparathyroidism, complicated by pathological fractures of both femurs and subsequent joint replacements. The patient exhibited craniofacial deformities with lytic lesions in the maxilla and mandible, airway abnormalities and cardiovascular adaptations due to hypertensive heart disease. A subtotal parathyroidectomy was performed, a combination of medications and nerve blocks was used for anesthesia induction and intubation, with subsequent bronchospasm and desaturation necessitating intervention. The surgical procedure was successful, with no further intraoperative issues.
Attitudes of salaried and consulting physicians toward critical incident reporting systems
Authors: Hartmann Michael , Gehrlach Christoph , K Link Peter , Kovacevic Tomislav
Published: January 2024

Context: Physicians report their knowledge of incidents and near incidents substantially less frequently than nursing and non-medical personnel. While several barriers to the reporting of incidents into Critical Incident Reporting Systems (CIRS) by physicians have been identified, there are practically no data on the extent to which physician’s attitudes towards financial factors contribute to their underreporting. Objective: To determine whether the attitudes of physicians toward financial consequences of event reporting play a role in the underreporting by physicians. Design, setting and participants: This survey was performed in Switzerland in 2009/2010. Following an initial evaluation and tests of reliability and validity, 234 questionnaires were sent by mail to 171 consulting physicians and 63 salaried physicians at two Swiss hospitals. After the questionnaires were returned, the results were coded and evaluated. Main outcome measure: Physician responses to questionnaire items, correlations between physician responses to questionnaire items and physician subgroup comparisons for questionnaire items. Results: The overall response rate was 45.2 %, corresponding to 106 completed questionnaires from 74 consulting physicians and 32 salaried physicians. 46 % of the respondents considered themselves to have good knowledge of CIRS. 50 % of respondents agreed that legal consequences are possible for physicians and 38 % agreed that criminal prosecution is possible. 16 % of respondents considered financial gain for physicians possible and 32 % considered financial losses possible. 33 % of respondents considered it possible that physicians end their working relationship with the hospital or clinic if, in their view, CIRS implementation is dissatisfactory. 83 % agreed that the introduction of CIRS is a good idea. Conclusion: Physicians are concerned about potential financial consequences of event reporting and this concern may pose an additional barrier to the reporting of events in CIRS by physicians. Salaried physicians are more likely to associate the introduction of a CIRS with financial gain for physicians.
Spiritism, mental health, and public health: spiritist therapeutics under discussion
Authors: Sales Tiago Medeiros
Published: January 2024

Spiritism, a scientific, philosophical, and religious movement originated by Kardec in the 19th century, offers a set of activities aimed at assisting in health: Spiritist Therapeutics. Despite its socio-cultural significance, this therapeutic approach is seldom addressed in the health sciences. This study corresponds to a qualitative critical analysis following a literature review of Spiritism, psychic sciences, and public health. Its purpose is to characterize Spiritist Therapeutics, seek an understanding of its relationship with mental health, and contemplate public health as a research field for this topic. Spiritist Therapeutics consists of theoretical and practical educational and supportive activities based on the Christian doctrine as seen through the Spiritist perspective. Study activities can provide psychic support through their teachings, and social gatherings enable community support. Among the practical activities that aid mental health, fluidotherapy (fluidized water and "passe") stands out due to the greater number of associated research studies. In summary, Spiritist Therapeutics aims to achieve inner reform in individuals through intellectual and moral improvement, with positive consequences for mental health. However, the health sciences demonstrate resistance to researching such therapeutics due to traditional lines of thought, such as materialism and the biomedical paradigm. Therefore, public health, with its transdisciplinary and democratic characteristics, may represent a fair and unbiased scientific field to deepen the understanding of Spiritist Therapeutics and its relationship with mental health.