bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Malassezin, a Novel Agonist of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor from the Yeast Malassezia furfur, Induces Apoptosis in Primary Human Melanocytes
Authors: Krämer Hans‐Joachim , Podobinska Monika , Bartsch Andrea , Battmann Achim , Thoma Wiebke , Bernd August , Kummer Wolfgang , Irlinger Bernhard , Steglich Wolfgang , Mayser Peter
Published: April 2005

Pityriasis versicolor is the most common skin mycosis in humans worldwide. Yeasts of the genus Malassezia, particularly M. furfur, a saprophyte occurring widely on human skin, are generally regarded as the causative agents. Pityriasis versicolor is often accompanied by a long‐lasting depigmentation that persists even after successful antimycotic therapy. M. furfur is able to convert tryptophan into a variety of indole alkaloids, some of them showing biological properties that correlate well with certain clinical features of pityriasis versicolor. This suggests a possible role for these compounds in the depigmentation process. We now report that human melanocytes undergo apoptosis when exposed to the crude mixture of tryptophan metabolites from M. furfur. The active compound was identified as malassezin, previously isolated by us from the same source and characterized as an agonist of the aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor. The compound could, therefore, contribute to the marked depigmentation observed during the course of pityriasis versicolor.
Investigation of Molecular Beacon Aptamer‐Based Bioassay for Platelet‐Derived Growth Factor Detection
Authors: Vicens Marie C. , Sen Arup , Vanderlaan Andrew , Drake Timothy J. , Tan Weihong
Published: April 2005

This report describes studies on the use of a molecular‐beacon aptamer (MBA) as a synthetic high‐affinity DNA probe that exhibits fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) in response to a specific protein biomarker, platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF). As a step toward the application of the MBA in a fluorescence‐based assay for biological specimens, we examined the influence of certain physical and chemical parameters of incubation that would affect DNA conformation and DNA‐backbone modification, and thus improve nuclease resistance. This bioassay is compatible with pH, temperature, and monovalent cation levels typically encountered in biological samples, and phosphorothioate backbone‐modified MBA is able to exhibit specific FRET. With minimal sample processing and without assay optimization, the MBA is able to detect as little as 10 ng PDGF per μg of serum proteins from cell‐culture media. We also show that different sets of known fluorophore–quencher pairs can be successfully used in the MBA for sensitive detection of the PDGF target. It should, therefore, be possible to develop multiplex bioassays that monitor either quenching or enhancement for the simultaneous detection of several biomarkers by using MBAs created from high‐affinity DNA ligands for the desired protein targets. Interestingly, we observed that, with a DNA ligand with multiple binding sites for a standard multimeric protein target, the FRET bioassay could be accomplished by using a mixture of two individually labeled DNAs—one carrying the fluorophore and the other with the matching quencher. This observation has significant implications in the future design of more selective DNA‐based FRET bioassays that use more than one ligand for the same protein target.
A Novel Homogenous Assay for Topoisomerase II Action and Inhibition
Authors: Jahnz Michael , Medina Miguel Ángel , Schwille Petra
Published: April 2005

Topoisomerase II is the only enzyme able to cleave and religate double‐stranded DNA; this makes it essential for many vital functions during normal cell growth. Increased expression of topoisomerase II is a common occurrence in neoplasia, and different topoisomerase II inhibitors have indeed been proven to be powerful anticancer drugs. For this reason, the topoisomerase II catalytic cycle has attracted strong interest, but only a few techniques contributing to studies in this field have emerged. All of the currently used conventional methods to elucidate the action and inhibition of topoisomerase II require separation steps and are therefore unsatisfactory in terms of sensitivity, speed, and throughput. Here, for the first time, we present an assay that works in homogenous solution. The assay is based on dual‐color fluorescence cross‐correlation spectroscopy (DC‐FCCS) and allows monitoring of topoisomerase II action and, especially, detection and discrimination of different topoisomerase II inhibitor classes. The effectiveness of our new assay was confirmed by measuring the effects of a catalytic inhibitor (novobiocin) and a topoisomerase poison (m‐AMSA) with bacteriophage T4 topoisomerase as a model system, thus showing the strategy to be easy, fast, and extremely sensitive. Further development of the DC‐FCCS‐based assay and subsequent application in high‐throughput drug screening of new anticancer drugs is proposed and discussed.
Discovery of Powerful Uranyl Ligands from Efficient Synthesis and Screening
Authors: Sawicki Marcin , Siaugue Jean‐Michel , Jacopin Christophe , Moulin Christophe , Bailly Théodorine , Burgada Ramon , Meunier Stéphane , Baret Paul , Pierre Jean‐Louis , Taran Frédéric
Published: April 2005

New tripodal gem‐(bis‐phosphonates) uranophiles were discovered by a screening method that allowed for the selection of ligands with strong uranyl‐binding properties in a convenient microtiter‐plate format. The method is based on competitive uranium binding by using Sulfochlorophenol S as chromogenic chelate. This dye compound was found to present high uranyl complexation properties and allowed to highlight ligands presenting association constants for ${{\rm UO}{{2+\hfill \atop 2\hfill}}}$ up to 1018 at pH 7.4 and 1020 at pH 9. A collection of 40 known ligands including polycarboxylate, hydroxamate, catecholate, hydroxypyridonate and hydroxyquinoline derivatives was tested. Also screened was a combinatorial library prepared from seven amine scaffolds and eight acrylates bearing diverse chelating moieties. Among these 96 tested candidates, a tripod derivative bearing gem‐bis‐phosphonates moieties was found to present the highest complexation properties over a wide range of pH and was further studied.
The Structure of Acrolein in a Liquid Crystal Phase
Authors: Celebre Giorgio , Concistrè Maria , De Luca Giuseppina , Longeri Marcello , Pileio Giuseppe , Emsley James William
Published: April 2005

The 1H NMR spectrum of a sample of acrolein dissolved in the nematic liquid crystal phase I52 has been analysed to yield 18 dipolar couplings between all the magnetic nuclei in the molecule; moreover, the 13C and 13C{1H} NMR spectra of a sample of acrolein in CDCl3 were recorded and analysed to determine the indirect Jij couplings. The data were used to obtain the relative positions of the carbon and hydrogen atoms, assuming that these are independent of the conformations generated by rotation around the CC bond through an angle ϕ, and to obtain a probability distribution P(ϕ). It has been found that in the liquid phase, the distribution is a maximum at the trans form whereas the abundance of the cis form is significantly smaller compared with that found by microwave spectroscopy or high level quantum mechanical calculations. Such calculations produced also a suitable force field needed to develop suitable strategies for vibrational correction procedure in the case of flexible molecules.
Diversity Oriented Synthesis of Hispanane‐like Terpene Derivatives from (R)‐(+)‐Sclareolide
Authors: de la Torre María C. , García Isabel , Sierra Miguel A.
Published: April 2005

(R)‐(+)‐Sclareolide 1 has been used as a starting material to develop a diversity oriented methodology to access hispanane 28 a, and hispanane‐like derivatives 27 b–27 e. This methodology is based on the intramolecular Friedel–Crafts acylation of the corresponding 12‐desoxylabdanoic‐like acids 27, for the construction of the cycloheptane ring which is characteristic of the hispananes. Acids 27 are obtained from alcohols 20, available by addition of the lithium or magnesium reagents to amide 12 (followed by Luche reduction), or to aldehyde 21. This sequence has resulted in the preparation of hispanane framework 27 a. The versatility of this methodology therefore allows a structural diversity oriented synthesis, since it allows the access to a wide variety of hispanane‐like derivatives.
Fluorescent Probes for Sensing Processes in Polymers
Authors: Bosch Paula , Catalina Fernando , Corrales Teresa , Peinado Carmen
Published: April 2005

Fluorescence spectroscopy is an important analytical technique that has been widely used in a variety of applications, such as biomedicine, biology, and science of materials, because it presents some properties which makes it unique, that is, extraordinary sensitivity and selectivity, short delay time (<10−9 s), and it is neither invasive nor destructive, so it can be used for in situ measurements. Generally, intrinsic fluorescence of many materials, like polymers, is unspecific so it is not useful to analyse their properties or to be correlated to changes in their microenvironment. The incorporation of additives with fluorescent groups would be necessary. When the fluorescence emission of these molecules is sensitive to changes of properties, such as polarity, fluidity, order, molecular mobility, pH, or electric potential, they can be used for detecting such changes in their microenvironment, and they are called fluorescent probes. As long as these probes can follow processes of practical interest, they can be employed as sensors, if the information given by the measure of fluorescence adequately reflects the changes in the system. In addition, a sensor must fulfil some other requirements in order to make them of practical use, the most important being that the material support in which the sensor molecule is inserted. This support should permit a rapid detection of the process and should allow easy processing in a variety of forms. Polymers are well‐known systems in which estimation of local parameters are possible by means of fluorimetric techniques. It allows the study of dynamic processes of interest, such as polymerization kinetics and mechanisms, thermal transitions, photodegradation, swelling morphology changes, and so forth.
Crystallographic Features and Tetragonal Phase Stability of PbVO3, a New Member of PbTiO3 Family.
Authors: Belik Alexei A. , Azuma Masaki , Saito Takashi , Shimakawa Yuichi , Takano Mikio
Published: April 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Growth, Structures, and Evaluation of Laser Properties of LiYb(MoO4)2 Single Crystal.
Authors: Volkov V. , Cascales C. , Kling A. , Zaldo C.
Published: April 2005

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Optimization of Hot‐Press Conditions of Zn4Sb3 for High Thermoelectric Performance. Part 2. Mechanical Properties.
Authors: Ueno K. , Yamamoto A. , Noguchi T. , Inoue T. , Sodeoka S. , Obara H.
Published: April 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Thermoelectric Properties of β‐BaCu2S2.
Authors: Kurosaki Ken , Uneda Hironori , Muta Hiroaki , Yamanaka Shinsuke
Published: April 2005

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Metal—Insulator Transition and Large Thermoelectric Power of a Layered Palladium Oxide: PbPdO2.
Authors: Ozawa T. C. , Taniguchi T. , Nagata Y. , Noro Y. , Naka T. , Matsushita A.
Published: April 2005

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The Effects on the Structures and Properties in the Oxide‐Ion Conductor La2Mo2O9 by Partial Substituting Ba for La.
Authors: He Tianmin , Huang Yinglong , He Qiang , Ji Yuan , Pei Li , Liu Jiang , Lu Zhe
Published: April 2005

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A Study of the Magnetic Structure of LaMn2O5 from Neutron Powder Diffraction Data.
Authors: Munoz Angel , Alonso Jose A. , Casais Maria T. , Martinez‐Lope Maria J. , Martinez Jose L. , Fernandez‐Diaz Maria T.
Published: April 2005

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Thermochemistry of Some Binary Alloys of Copper with the Lanthanide Metals by High‐Temperature Direct Synthesis Calorimetry.
Authors: Meschel S. V. , Kleppa O. J.
Published: April 2005

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Chemical Vapor Transport of Solid Solutions. Part 15. Chemical Vapor Transport of Mixed Phases in the Systems TiS2/TiSe2, TiS2/TaS2, TiS2/TaSe2 and TaS2/TaSe2.
Authors: Hotje U. , Wartchow R. , Binnewies M.
Published: April 2005

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Proton Transfer of NH3—HCl Catalyzed by Only One Molecule
Authors: Li Ru‐Jiao , Li Zhi‐Ru , Wu Di , Chen Wei , Li Ying , Wang Bing‐Qiang , Sun Chia‐Chung
Published: April 2005

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Ammonia Synthesis from First‐Principles Calculations.
Authors: Honkala K. , Hellman A. , Remediakis I. N: , Logadottir A. , Carlsson A. , Dahl S. , Christensen C. H. , Noerskov J. K.
Published: April 2005

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(R)‐1,1′‐Binaphthyl‐2‐bis(pentafluorophenyl)borane Lewis Acids.
Authors: Morrison Darryl J. , Piers Warren E. , Parvez Masood
Published: April 2005

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Dimethylsilyl Ketene Acetal as a Nucleophile in Asymmetric Michael Reaction: Enhanced Enantioselectivity in Oxazaborolidinone‐Catalyzed Reaction.
Authors: Harada Toshiro , Adachi Shinya , Wang Xiaowei
Published: April 2005

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Ionic Liquid Media Resulted in the First Asymmetric Aminohalogenation Reaction of Alkenes.
Authors: Xu Xin , Kotti S. R. S. Saibabu , Liu Junying , Cannon John F. , Headley Allan D. , Li Guigen , L L
Published: April 2005

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Oxidative Addition of N‐Aminophthalimide and 3‐Amino‐2‐methylquinazolin‐4(3H)‐one to Conjugated Azocyclopentenes and Azocyclohexenes.
Authors: Buchaka S. M. , Kuznetsov M. A. , Schantl J. G.
Published: April 2005

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Synthesis of Some Novel Spiro Heterocycles.
Authors: Padmavathi V. , Reddy B. Jagan Mohan , Padmaja A. , Reddy K. Venugopal , Sarma M. Rajagopala
Published: April 2005

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Cyclization of 1‐Bromo‐2,7‐ and 1‐Bromo‐2,8‐enynes Mediated by Indium.
Authors: Lee Phil Ho , Kim Sundae , Lee Kooyeon , Seomoon Dong , Kim Hyunseok , Lee Seokju , Kim Misook , Han Mijeong , Noh Kwanghyun , Livinghouse Tom
Published: April 2005

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Reaction of 3,5‐Carbonyl‐Substituted 1,4‐Dihydropyridines with Hydrazine Hydrate.
Authors: Bisenieks E. , Uldrikis J. , Duburs G.
Published: April 2005

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A Practical and User‐Friendly Method for the Selenium‐Free One‐Step Preparation of 1,2‐Diketones and Their Monoxime Analogues.
Authors: Rueedi Georg , Oberli Matthias A. , Nagel Matthias , Weymuth Christophe , Hansen Hans‐Juergen
Published: April 2005

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Unusual Migrations and Cyclization in the Preparation of β‐Azido Alcohols from β‐Hydroxy Esters.
Authors: Madhusudhan G. , Reddy G. Om , Ramanatham J. , Dubey P. K.
Published: April 2005

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Selective Hydrodechlorination of Fluorinated Arylamines.
Authors: Selivanova Galina A. , Gurskaya Larisa Yu. , Pokrovskii Leonid M. , Kollegov Vitaliy F. , Shteingarts Vitaliy D.
Published: April 2005

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Alkene‐Pinacolborane Hydroborations Catalyzed by Lanthanum Tris[bis(trimethylsilyl)amide].
Authors: Horino Yoshikazu , Livinghouse Tom , Stan Magdalena
Published: April 2005

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Azole‐N‐acetonitriles as Carbonyl Synthons: A One‐Pot Preparation of Heteroaryl Amides from Halides.
Authors: Zhang Zhongxing , Yin Zhiwei , Kadow John F. , Meanwell Nicholas A. , Wang Tao
Published: April 2005

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A General Approach for the Microwave‐Assisted Regeneration of Carbonyl Compounds from Their Nitrogenous Derivatives.
Authors: Das Nalin B. , Nayak Amalendu , Nanda Bhagabat
Published: April 2005

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Wet Alumina‐Supported Chromium (VI) Oxide: A Mild, Efficient, and Inexpensive Reagent for Oxidative Deoximation.
Authors: Heravi Majid M. , Ajami Darush , Shoar Rahim Hekmat , Sarmad Nooshin , Faridbod Farnoush
Published: April 2005

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An Easy Conversion of the Baylis—Hillman Adducts into tert‐Butyldimethylsilyl Ethers with tert‐Butyldimethylsilyl Chloride and Li2S.
Authors: Mamaghani Manouchehr , Badrian Abed
Published: April 2005

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Oxidative Deprotection of Trimethylsilyl Ethers with Hexamethylenetetraminebromine Supported onto Silica Gel under Microwave Irradiation in Solventless System.
Authors: Dehkordi Mahboobeh Behnam , Heravi Majid M. , Khosrofar Parviz , Ziafat Ahmad , Ghassemzadeh Mitra
Published: April 2005

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Synthesis of Vicinal Perfluoroalkyl Enol Ethers.
Authors: Zoghlami H. , Chehidi I. , Chaabouni M. M. , Baklouti A.
Published: April 2005

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Efficient Immobilization of Rh‐MonoPhos on the Aluminosilicate AlTUD‐1.
Authors: Simons Chretien , Hanefeld Ulf , Arends Isabel W. C. E. , Minnaard Adriaan J. , Maschmeyer Thomas , Sheldon Roger A.
Published: April 2005

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Efficient Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure α‐Alkyl Cyclopropanecarbonitrile Derivatives from Pyrazolines.
Authors: Garcia Ruano Jose L. , Alonso de Diego Sergio A. , Martin M. Rosario , Torrente Esther , Martin Castro Ana M.
Published: April 2005

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Facile and Environmentally Benign Zn‐Mediated Cyclopropanation of Electron‐Deficient 2‐Iodoethyl‐Substituted Olefins via Radical 3‐exo‐trig Manner.
Authors: Sakuma Daisuke , Togo Hideo
Published: April 2005

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A Fluorinated Masked o‐Benzoquinone.
Authors: Patrick Timothy B. , Yu Hong , Taylor Demitri , Gorrell Keith
Published: April 2005

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A Convenient and Efficient Synthesis of 1‐Aryl‐2,2‐dichloroethanones.
Authors: Terent'ev Alexander O. , Khodykin Sergey V. , Troitskii Nikolay A. , Ogibin Yuri N. , Nikishin Gennady I.
Published: April 2005

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A Mild and Efficient Procedure for the Preparation of Dimethyl and Diallyl Acetals of Aromatic Aldehydes Mediated by Cerium(IV) Ammonium Nitrate.
Authors: Nair Vijay , Rajan Roshini , Balagopal Lakshmi , Nair Latha G. , Ros Sindu , Mohanan Kishor
Published: April 2005

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Microwave‐Assisted O‐Alkylation of Carboxylic Acids in Dry Media: Expeditious Synthesis of 2‐Oxo‐2‐arylethyl Carboxylates.
Authors: Li Z. , Quan Z. J. , Wang X. C.
Published: April 2005

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Highly Stereoselective Vinylogous Pummerer Reaction Mediated by Me3SiX.
Authors: Garcia Ruano Jose L. , Aleman Jose , Aranda M. Teresa , Arevalo Maria J. , Padwa Albert
Published: April 2005

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Efficient Asymmetric Oxidation of Sulfides and Kinetic Resolution of Sulfoxides Catalyzed by a Vanadium—Salan System.
Authors: Sun Jiangtao , Zhu Chengjian , Dai Zhenya , Yang Minghua , Pan Yi , Hu Hongwen
Published: April 2005

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Palladium‐Catalyzed Homocoupling of Arylboronic Acids and Esters Using Fluoride in Aqueous Solvents.
Authors: Punna Sreenivas , Diaz David D. , Finn M. G.
Published: April 2005

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Synthesis, Structure, and Nonlinear Optical Properties of Diarylpolyynes.
Authors: Luu Thanh , Elliott Erin , Slepkov Aaron D. , Eisler Sara , McDonald Robert , Hegmann Frank A. , Tykwinski Rik R.
Published: April 2005

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A New Method for the Preparation of Nitrogen‐Containing Heterocycles Using Diphenylsulfonium Triflates.
Authors: Yamanaka Hiroyuki , Yamane Yoshinobu , Mukaiyama Teruaki
Published: April 2005

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Effect of Tether Length on Ti(III)‐Mediated Cyclization of Epoxyalkenes and Unsaturated Epoxyketones.
Authors: Fernandez‐Mateo A. , Mateo Buron L. , Martin de la Nava E. M. , Rabanedo Clemente R. , Rubio Gonzalez R. , Sanz Gonzalez F.
Published: April 2005

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Propargylic Carbenoids. Part 4. High Kinetic Resolution in the Addition of a Racemic Allenylzinc onto Enantiopure N‐tert‐Butanesulfinimines: Concise Synthesis of Enantiopure trans‐2‐Ethynylaziridines.
Authors: Chemla Fabrice , Ferreira Franck
Published: April 2005

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Dearomatization of Furans via [2,3]‐Still—Wittig Rearrangement.
Authors: Caruana Patrick A. , Frontier Alison J.
Published: April 2005

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A Facile Regiocontrol in the Palladium‐Catalyzed Annulation of Fluorine‐Containing Internal Alkynes with Variously Substituted 2‐Iodoanilines: A New Regioselective Synthesis of 2‐ or 3‐Fluoroalkylated Indole Derivatives.
Authors: Konno Tsutomu , Chae Jungha , Ishihara Takashi , Yamanaka Hiroki
Published: April 2005

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Synthesis and Structure of Two Thiocarboxypyrazolic Acid Derivatives.
Authors: Glowka M. L. , Blaszczyk M. , Prentjas Ch. , Kovala‐Demertzi D.
Published: April 2005

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Lewis Acid Catalyzed Dipolar Cycloadditions of an Activated Imidate.
Authors: Bowman Roy K. , Johnson Jeffrey S.
Published: April 2005

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Efficient Microwave‐Enhanced Synthesis of 4‐Thiazolidinones.
Authors: Gududuru Veeresa , Nguyen Viet Nguyen Viet , Dalton James T. , Miller Duane D.
Published: April 2005

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Synthesis of 2‐Arylbenzothiazoles and Imidazoles Using Scandium Triflate as a Catalyst for Both a Ring Closing and an Oxidation Steps.
Authors: Itoh Takashi , Nagata Kazuhiro , Ishikawa Hiroyuki , Ohsawa Akio
Published: April 2005

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Study of the Products of Iodocyclization of 4‐Allyl‐5‐phenyl‐1,2,4‐triazole‐3‐thione.
Authors: Shmygarev V. I. , Kim D. G.
Published: April 2005

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Acylation of Amines with 5‐Phenyltetrazol‐2‐ylacetyl Chloride.
Authors: Putis S. M. , Zubarev V. Yu. , Poplavskii V. S. , Ostrovskii V. A.
Published: April 2005

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Reaction of Activated cyanoarylidenes with β‐Keto‐δ‐carbethoxyphosphonates and Phosphine Oxides: Synthesis of 2‐Amino‐6‐(phosphonomethyl)‐4H‐pyrans.
Authors: Said Noureddine , Touil Soufiane , Zantour Hedi
Published: April 2005

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Synthesis of Coumarins Catalyzed by Heterobimetallic Co/Rh Nanoparticles.
Authors: Park Kang Hyun , Jung Il Gu , Chung Young Keun
Published: April 2005

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Synthesis of 5‐Bromopyridyl‐2‐magnesium Chloride and Its Application in the Synthesis of Functionalized Pyridines
Authors: Song Jinhua J. , Yee Nathan K. , Tan Zhulin , Xu Jinghua , Kapadia Suresh R. , Senanayake Chris H.
Published: April 2005

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Cyclocondensation of 2‐Fluoro‐5‐nitrobenzaldehyde with Amidines. New Synthesis of Isoquinolines.
Authors: Dar'in D. V. , Selivanov S. I. , Lobanov P. S. , Potekhin A. A.
Published: April 2005

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CeZSM‐5 — A Designer′s Catalyst for Selective Synthesis of Octahydroacridine.
Authors: Ratnamala A. , Kumari V. Durga , Subrahmanyam M. , Archana N.
Published: April 2005

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Efficient Synthesis of 1,2,4‐Triazolo[4,3‐a][1,8]naphthyridines Using Nitrous Acid under Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Mogilaiah K. , Prashanthi M. , Vidya K.
Published: April 2005

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Glyoxylic Acid and MP‐Glyoxylate: Efficient Formaldehyde Equivalents in the 3‐CC of 2‐Aminoazines, Aldehydes, and Isonitriles.
Authors: Lyon Michael A. , Kercher Timothy S.
Published: April 2005

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Stereoselective Intra‐ and Intermolecular [2 + 2] Photocycloaddition Reactions of 4‐(2′‐Aminoethyl)quinolones.
Authors: Brandes Sebastian , Selig Philipp , Bach Thorsten
Published: April 2005

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Studies on the Generation of Enolate Anions from Butane‐2,3‐diacetal Protected Glycolic Acid Derivatives and Subsequent Highly Diastereoselective Coupling Reactions with Aldehydes and Acid Chlorides.
Authors: Ley Steven V. , Dixon Darren J. , Guy Richard T. , Palomero Maria A. , Polara Alessandra , Rodriguez Felix , Sheppard Tom D.
Published: April 2005

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A Convenient Synthesis of Substituted Quinazolin‐4(3H)‐ones under Microwave and Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Montazeri Nasser , Rad‐Moghadam Kurosh
Published: April 2005

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Intramolecular Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution Reaction of 2‐Carboxamido‐3‐arylquinazolin‐4‐ones and Its Application to the Synthesis of Secondary Aryl Amines.
Authors: Fuwa Haruhiko , Kobayashi Toshitake , Tokitoh Takashi , Torii Yukiko , Natsugari Hideaki
Published: April 2005

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Synthesis and Spectral Properties of New Quinoxalines with Electron Donor Groups.
Authors: Jaung Jae‐Yun
Published: April 2005

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Synthesis of Anellated Derivatives of Tetrafluoro‐10H‐imidazo[1,2‐b][1,2]benzooxazin‐10‐one and 2‐Pentafluorophenylpyrazine 1,4‐Dioxide by Condensation of Alicyclic 2‐Hydroxyamino Oximes with Pentafluorophenylglyoxal.
Authors: Amitina S. A. , El'tsov I. V. , Rybalova T. V. , Gatilov Yu. V. , Grigor'ev I. A.
Published: April 2005

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New C—C Coupling Reaction of Cyclic Nitronates with Carbon Nucleophiles. Umpolung of the Conventional Reactivity of Nitronates.
Authors: Smirnov Vladimir O. , Ioffe Sema L. , Tishkov Alexander A. , Khomutova Yulia A. , Nesterov Ivan D. , Antipin Michael Yu. , Smit William A. , Tartakovsky Vladimir A.
Published: April 2005

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Magnesium Iodide Promoted Reactions of Nitrones with Cyclopropanes: A Synthesis of Tetrahydro‐1,2‐oxazines.
Authors: Ganton Michael D. , Kerr Michael A.
Published: April 2005

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Aqueous Medium Radical Addition to Ketimines with a Phenolic Hydroxyl Group.
Authors: Miyabe Hideto , Yamaoka Yousuke , Takemoto Yoshiji
Published: April 2005

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A General Approach to Selective Functionalization of 1,2,4‐Triazines Using Organometallics in Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling and Addition Reactions.
Authors: Alphonse France‐Aimee , Suzenet Franck , Keromnes Anne , Lebret Bruno , Guillaumet Gerald
Published: April 2005

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Boron—Nitrogen Macrocycles: A New Generation of Calix[3]arenes.
Authors: Barba Victor , Hoepfl Herbert , Farfan Norberto , Santillan Rosa , Beltran Hiram I. , Zamudio‐Rivera Luis S.
Published: April 2005

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Synthesis and Spectral Characterization of Diethyl 2‐[Aryl(4‐aryl‐1,2,3‐selenadiazol‐5‐yl)methyl]malonate.
Authors: Saravanan Sivaperuman , Muthusubramanian Shanmugam
Published: April 2005

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Stannylative Cycloaddition of Enynes Catalyzed by Palladium—Iminophosphine.
Authors: Nakao Yoshiaki , Hirata Yasuhiro , Ishihara Shinjiro , Oda Shinichi , Yukawa Tomoya , Shirakawa Eiji , Hiyama Tamejiro
Published: April 2005

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Antiinflammatory Triterpenoid Saponins from the Seeds of Aesculus chinensis.
Authors: Wei Feng , Ma Lin‐Yun , Jin Wen‐Tao , Ma Shuang‐Cheng , Han Guo‐Zhu , Khan Ikhlas Ahmad , Lin Rui‐Chao
Published: April 2005

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Two New Monoterpene Glycosides and Trypanocidal Terpenoids from Dracocephalum kotschyi.
Authors: Saeidnia Soodabeh , Gohari Ahmad Reza , Uchiyama Nahoko , Ito Michiho , Honda Gisho , Kiuchi Fumiyuki
Published: April 2005

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Banyasin A and Banyasides A and B, Three Novel Modified Peptides from a Water Bloom of the Cyanobacterium Nostoc sp.
Authors: Pluotno Alexey , Carmeli Shmuel
Published: April 2005

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New Biologically Active Constituents from Terminalia chebula Stem Bark.
Authors: Srivastava S. K. , Srivastava S. D.
Published: April 2005

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Intramolecular Hetero Diels—Alder (Povarov) Approach to the Synthesis of the Alkaloids Luotonin A and Camptothecin.
Authors: Twin Heather , Batey Robert A.
Published: April 2005

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Bioactive Constituents from Chinese Natural Medicines. Part 14. New Glycosides of β‐Carboline‐Type Alkaloid, Neolignan, and Phenylpropanoid from Stellaria dichotoma L. var. lanceolata and Their Antiallergic Activities.
Authors: Morikawa Toshio , Sun Bohang , Matsuda Hisashi , Wu Li Jun , Harima Shoichi , Yoshikawa Masayuki
Published: April 2005

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New Butenolides in Plantlets of Virola surinamensis (Myristicaceae)
Authors: Lopes Norberto Peporine , dos Santos Pierre Alexandre , Kato Massuo Jorge , Yoshida Massayoshi
Published: April 2005

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Antiallergic Agents from Natural Sources. Part 9. Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Production by Novel Chalcone Derivatives from Mallotus philippinensis (Euphorbiaceae).
Authors: Daikonya Akihiro , Katsuki Shigeki , Kitanaka Susumu
Published: April 2005

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Oligomeric Stilbenes from the Root of Caragana stenophylla.
Authors: Liu Hong‐Xia , Lin Wen‐Han , Yang Jun‐Shan
Published: April 2005

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New Insecticidal Amides from Petroleum Ether Extract of Dried Piper nigrum L. Whole Fruits.
Authors: Siddiqui Bina Shaheen , Gulzar Tahsin , Mahmood Azhar , Begum Sabira , Khan Bushra , Afshan Farhana
Published: April 2005

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The Sulfonation of Safrole with Trimethylsilylchlorosulfonate as Sulfonating Agent
Authors: Petit Philippe , Bourgeois Paul , Grignon‐Dubois Micheline
Published: April 2005

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Single Crystalline Magnetite Nanotubes.
Authors: Liu Zuqin , Zhang Daihua , Han Song , Li Chao , Lei Bo , Lu Weigang , Fang Jiye , Zhou Chongwu
Published: April 2005

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Principles of Extraction of Electrolytes
Authors: Rais Jiri
Published: April 2005

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The Crystal Chemistry of Oxopalladates
Authors: Mueller‐Buschbaum Hanskarl
Published: April 2005

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Zirconate Complexes: Multifaceted Reagents
Authors: Majoral Jean‐Pierre , Zablocka Maria
Published: April 2005

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Fluorinations, Chlorinations and Brominations of Organic Compounds in Micro Reactors
Authors: Loeb Patrick , Loewe Holger , Hessel Volker
Published: April 2005

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Synthesis of Fluorine‐Containing Compounds under Operationally Convenient Conditions
Authors: Soloshonok Vadim A. , Berbasov Dmitrii O.
Published: April 2005

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The Utility of Diaryl Sulfides and Diaryl Sulfones in Heterocyclic Synthesis [1993—2003]
Authors: Kandeel Maymouna M. , Youssef Mohamed Salah K.
Published: April 2005

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Benzothiepins and Selenium/Tellurium Analogues
Authors: Schwan A. L.
Published: April 2005

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Thiepins and Selenium Analogues
Authors: Schwan A. L.
Published: April 2005

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In Searching for New Antiinfluenza A Drugs: Heterocyclic and Carbocyclic Aminoadamantanes Bearing a 2‐Adamantyl Group with Potent Activity Against Influenza A Virus
Authors: Kolocouris N. , Kolocouris A. , Foscolos G. B. , Fytas G. , Padalko E. , Neyts J. , De Clercq E.
Published: April 2005

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Calixarenes
Authors: Rao Chebrolu P. , Dey Mishtu
Published: April 2005

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Fullerene Nanomaterials
Authors: Samal Shashadhar
Published: April 2005

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Fullerene Dimers
Authors: Shimotani Hidekazu , Dragoe Nita , Kitazawa Koichi
Published: April 2005

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Combinatorial Biosynthesis: New Genetic Tools for Organic Synthesis of Polyketide Natural Products
Authors: Kinoshita Kenji
Published: April 2005

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Novel Chiral Molecular Tools for Preparation of Enantiopure Alcohols by Resolution and Simultaneous Determination of Their Absolute Configurations by the 1H NMR Anisotropy Method
Authors: Kasai Yusuke , Naito Junpei , Kuwahara Shunsuke , Watanabe Masataka , Ichikawa Akio , Harada Nobuyuki
Published: April 2005

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Synthesis of Hypervalent Pentavalent Carbon and Boron Compounds
Authors: Yamamoto Yohsuke , Akiba Kin‐ya
Published: April 2005

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Synthesis of Fullerene Derivatives with Novel Structures. Liquid—Phase versus Solid—State Reactions
Authors: Komatsu Koichi , Murata Yasujiro
Published: April 2005

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Selective Synthetic Transformations Based on Vanadium‐Mediated Redox Reactions
Authors: Hirao Toshikazu
Published: April 2005

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T3P: Propanephosphonic Acid Anhydride for Peptide and Amide Synthesis
Authors: Glauder Jan
Published: April 2005

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Past, Present, and Future of Cyclodextrin Research
Authors: Szejtli Jozsef
Published: April 2005

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Hydroalumination Reactions on Acetylenes and Nitriles in the Synthesis of Carbaalanes and Imidoalanes
Authors: Kumar S. Shravan , Roesky Herbert W.
Published: April 2005

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From Silylenes and Disilenes to a Tetrasilabuta‐1,3‐diene and Related Compounds
Authors: Weidenbruch Manfred
Published: April 2005

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Thermolytic Formation and Trapping of Silenes Strongly Influenced by Reversed Polarization
Authors: Ottosson Henrik , Guliashvili Tamaz , El‐Sayed Ibrahim
Published: April 2005

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Reactions of Silicon Atoms—An Access to Unusual Molecules
Authors: Maier Guenther , Reisenauer Hans Peter , Egenolf Heiko , Glatthaar Joerg
Published: April 2005

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The Chemistry of α‐Haloketones and Their Utility in Heterocyclic Synthesis
Authors: Erian Ayman W. , Sherif Sherif M. , Gaber Hatem M.
Published: April 2005

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Physicochemical Aspects of Isomerization of Free Radicals
Authors: Denisov E. T. , Denisova T. G.
Published: April 2005

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Chemical Physics of Decomposition of Energetic Materials. Problems and Prospects
Authors: Smirnov L. P.
Published: April 2005

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Drugs for Chemotherapy and Chemoprophylaxis of Influenza: Particularities of the Mechanism of Action, Effectiveness and Safety
Authors: Leneva I. A. , Glushkov R. G. , Gus'kova T. A.
Published: April 2005

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New Aspects of Hexobarbital Metabolism: Stereoselective Metabolism, New Metabolic Pathway via GSH Conjugation, and 3‐Hydroxyhexobarbital Dehydrogenases
Authors: Takenoshita Reiko , Toki Satoshi
Published: April 2005

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Biological Significance of Lipid Hydroperoxide and Its Reducing Enzyme, Phospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione Peroxidase in Mammalian Cells
Authors: Imai Hirotaka
Published: April 2005

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Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Uncaria (Rubiaceae)
Authors: Heitzman Mary E. , Neto Catherine C. , Winiarz Elizabeth , Vaisberg Abraham J. , Hammond Gerald B.
Published: April 2005

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Bioinspired Hydrogen Bond Motifs in Ligand Design: The Role of Noncovalent Interactions in Metal Ion Mediated Activation of Dioxygen
Authors: Borovik A. S.
Published: April 2005

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Computational Organic Chemistry
Authors: Yates Brian F.
Published: April 2005

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Spin Catalysis as a New Type of Catalysis in Chemistry
Authors: Buchachenko A. L. , Berdinsky V. L.
Published: April 2005

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Dynamic Porous Properties of Coordination Polymers Inspired by Hydrogen Bonds
Authors: Kitagawa Susumu , Uemura Kazuhiro
Published: April 2005

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Salts of Extended Tetrathiafulvalene Analogues: Relationships Between Molecular Structure, Electrochemical Properties and Solid State Organisation
Authors: Frere Pierre , Skabara Peter J.
Published: April 2005

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29Si NMR Chemical Shifts of Four‐ and Five‐Membered Organosilacycles: Experimental and Theoretical Studies
Authors: Strohfeldt Katja , Andres Katrin , Bertermann Ruediger , Wack Eric , Kaupp Martin , Strohmann Carsten
Published: April 2005

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Stereoselective kinetic study of hexaconazole enantiomers in the rabbit
Authors: Wang Qiu Xia , Qiu Jing , Wang Ping , Jia Gui Fang , Wang Peng , Li Jun Ling , Zhou Zhi Qiang
Published: April 2005

Hexaconazole [(RS)‐2‐(2,4‐dichlorophenyl)‐1‐(1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐yl)hexan‐2‐ol] is a potent triazole fungicide. The (−) isomer accounts for most of the fungicidal activity. The stereo‐ and/or enantioselective kinetics of hexaconazole were investigated in rabbits by intravenous injection. The concentrations of (−)‐ and (+)‐hexaconazole in plasma, liver, and kidney tissue were determined by HPLC with a cellulose tris(3,5‐dimethylphenylcarbamate)‐based chiral stationary phase and by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. After intravenous administration of racemic hexaconazole (rac‐hexaconazole) at 30 mg/kg, plasma, liver, and kidney levels of the (+)‐enantiomer decreased more rapidly than those of the (−)‐enantiomer. The (−)‐/(+)‐enantiomer ratio of the area under the concentration–time curve (AUC0–∞) was 1.35. The total plasma clearance value (CL) of (+)‐enantiomer was more than 1.3‐fold higher than that of the (−)‐hexaconazole. The enantiomeric ratio (ER) increased with time in plasma, liver, and kidney. Other pharmacokinetic parameters of the enantiomers were also different. These results indicate substantial stereoselectivity in the kinetics of hexaconazole enantiomers in rabbits. Chirality 17:186–192, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Binding of hela spectrin to a specific hela membrane fraction
Authors: Mangeat Paul H. , Burridge Keith
Published: April 2005

From 30–40 g of Hela‐S3 cells grown in suspension, 0.25–0.50 mg of spectrin has been purified by conventional biochemical procedures starting from a low ionic strength extraction at alkaline pH of crude Hela membranes. Hela spectrin consists in its native form of a tetramer α2β2 of two high molecular weight polypeptides (240,000 and 230,000 daltons). Three different populations of Hela membranes depleted of both spectrin and actin have been prepared on discontinuous sucrose gradients. Surprisingly, spectrin will reassociate with only the heavier membrane fraction. This reassociation is specific for Hela spectrin, since three other purified Hela proteins as well as human erythrocyte spectrin do not reassociate under the same conditions. This binding is not due to the presence of traces of actin still present in the membrane fraction since two Hela actin‐binding proteins (filamin I and II) do not show any significant binding to this fraction. The nature of the membrane‐binding site for Hela spectrin is discussed.
Ca2+‐Regulated actin and phospholipid binding protein (68kD‐protein) from bovine liver: Identification as a homologue for annexin VI and intracellular localization
Authors: Hosoya Hiroshi , Kobayashi Ryoji , Tsukita Shoichiro , Matsumura Fumio
Published: April 2005

An F‐actin binding protein was purified from bovine liver by means of DNase I affinity, hydroxylapatite and DEAE‐cellulose column chromatographies. It consisted of a single polypeptide chain having an apparent molecular weight of 68,000 with a Stokes radius of 35Å. Electron microscopy of rotary shadowed specimens showed that the 68kD protein is a globular protein. This protein showed a higher affinity for F‐actin in the presence of Ca2+ than in its absence, which is opposite to the actin‐binding property shown by nonmuscle alpha‐actinin or fimbrin. The 68kD protein had no F‐actin severing and capping activity. Interestingly, the 68kD protein was found to aggregate liposomes at micromolar Ca2+ concentrations. Immunoblot analysis and partial protein sequence data identified the 68kD protein as an annexin VI (p68) homologue. Immunocytochemical studies showed that the 68kD protein was localized along stress fibers as well as membrane ruffles, microspikes and focal contacts, raising the possibility that annexin VI may contribute to control membrane‐microfilament interaction in the cell. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hypofractionated three‐dimensional conformal radiation therapy for primary liver carcinoma
Authors: Liang Shi‐Xiong , Zhu Xiao‐Dong , Lu Hai‐Jie , Pan Chao‐Yang , Li Fu‐Xiang , Huang Qi‐Fang , Wang An‐Yu , Chen Long , Fu Xiao‐Long , Jiang Guo‐Liang
Published: April 2005

BACKGROUND

The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the tolerance and efficacy of hypofractionated three‐dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) with or without transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for technically unresectable or medically inoperable primary liver carcinoma (PLC).

METHODS

Between April 1999 and August 2003, 128 patients with a clinical diagnosis of PLC received hypofractionated 3DCRT at Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Medical University. Both hypofractionated 3DCRT and TACE were used to treat 48 of these 128 patients. Liver cirrhosis of Child–Pugh Grade A was found in 108 patients, and Grade B was found in 20 patients. The mean gross tumor volume (GTV) was 459 ± 430 cm3. A mean total irradiation dose of 53.6 ± 6.6Gy was delivered at an average fraction of 4.88 ± 0.47Gy, 3 times a week using 8‐MV photons.

RESULTS

The median follow‐up time after 3DCRT was 12 months (range, 2–56 mos.). The immediate response rate was 55%. The overall survival rates at 1, 2, and 3 years were 65%, 43%, and 33%, respectively, with a median survival of 20 months (range, 7–31 mos.). Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) Grade 2 acute gastrointestinal complications developed in 8 patients, whereas 4 patients developed Grade 3 late gastrointestinal complications. Radiation‐induced liver disease (RILD) developed in 19 (15%) patients, of which 12 had Child–Pugh Grade B liver cirrhosis, and 7 had Grade A. GTV and associated liver cirrhosis were identified by Cox regression analysis as independent predictors for survival (P = 0.044 and 0.015).

CONCLUSIONS

Hypofractionated 3DCRT is effective in carefully selected patients with PLC. Gastrointestinal complications and RILD were the most distinct complications. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
A phase II trial of R115777, an oral farnesyl transferase inhibitor, in patients with advanced urothelial tract transitional cell carcinoma
Authors: Rosenberg Jonathan E. , von der Maase Hans , Seigne John D. , Mardiak Jozef , Vaughn David J. , Moore Malcolm , Sahasrabudhe Deepak , Palmer Peter A. , Perez‐Ruixo Juan Jose , Small Eric J.
Published: April 2005

BACKGROUND

R115777 is a potent farnesyl transferase inhibitor and has significant antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo.

METHODS

The objective of the current study was to determine the objective response proportion in patients with metastatic transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the urothelial tract who received treatment with R115777 at a dose of 300 mg orally given twice daily for 21 days followed by 7 days of rest for every 4‐week cycle. Thirty‐four patients with TCC were enrolled in this Phase II study. Patients were allowed to have received a maximum of one prior systemic chemotherapy regimen, not including chemoradiation or neoadjuvant chemotherapy. All patients were required to have an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0–2 and adequate bone marrow, hepatic, and kidney function.

RESULTS

Twice daily administration of oral R115777 was tolerated well. R115777 was absorbed rapidly after oral administration. Grade 3–4 neutropenia (according to the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria [version 2.0]) was observed in 5 patients (15%). Grade 3–4 nonhematologic toxicity was rare, consisting of rash and diarrhea in 1 patient each. Two patients (6%) without prior chemotherapy demonstrated partial responses. Thirteen patients (38%) achieved disease stabilization according to World Health Organization criteria that lasted a median of 4 months. No complete responses were observed.

CONCLUSIONS

The objective response rate of R115777 was not sufficient to warrant future investigation in TCC as a single agent. Preliminary evidence of the activity of R115777 in 2 chemotherapy‐naïve patients may warrant further investigation in combination with first‐line chemotherapy. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.
Determination of Glyphosate as cross‐contaminant in a commercial herbicide by capillary electrophoresis‐electrospray ionization‐mass spectrometry
Authors: Safarpour Hudan , Asiaie Reza
Published: April 2005

Capillary electrophoresis combined with mass spectrometry (CE‐MS) was used for the rapid determination of the negatively charged herbicide, Glyphosate, in a selective dried granule (DG) formulation. The CE‐MS method was required to ensure product safety from the risk of cross contamination of a selective herbicide formulation. Glyphosate separation was achieved by using a bare fused‐silica capillary column, operated in the reversed‐polarity mode, using ammonium formate buffer, pH 2.5. The total CE‐MS analysis time was under 10 min and the limit of detection was 10 ng/mL. The CE‐MS analysis of Glyphosate was simple, rapid, and selective. The method involved minimal sample handling and was proven to be ideal for cross‐contamination investigations in manufacturing samples.