bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, attitude and willingness to accept the RTS,S malaria vaccine among mothers in Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Musa-Booth Tolulope , Enobun Blessing , Agbomola Adewumi , Shiff Clive
Published: September 2021

Malaria constitutes a major public health challenge and Nigeria contributes hugely to the global burden. In recent times, there has been a massive scale up of all interventions for evident impact. One of the novel preventive measures being considered is the RTS,S malaria vaccine. The objective of this study was to assess mothers’ knowledge, attitude, and practices to malaria and its prevention as well as mothers’ willingness to accept the RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine. A cross-sectional study design was used to administer questionnaires to 180 mothers within six public secondary health facilities in Abuja, Nigeria. About 30% (36/180) of respondents were aware of malaria vaccines but only four percent (7/180) had heard of RTS,S. Young maternal age (OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.09-5.28; P = 0.03), self-employment (OR, 2.55; 95% CI, 1.04-6.28; P = 0.04) and formal employment (OR, 3.74; 95% CI, 1.17-11.99; P = 0.03) were associated with no prior knowledge of malaria vaccine. Ninety-one percent (163/180) had a positive attitude to malaria vaccine and 98% (176/180) were willing to allow their child(ren) to be immunized with RTS,S despite the efficacy of the vaccine, route of administration and number of doses. We concluded that knowledge of malaria preventive measures does not correlate with knowledge of RTS,S. Although willingness to accept RTS,S is high, consistent targeted messaging on RTS,S would be required to improve community knowledge and attitude prior to implementation to ensure maximum uptake.
Responding to supply chain disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic: A Black Swan event for omnichannel retailers
Authors: Weber Alicia N.
Published: September 2021

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered unprecedented growth in digital commerce and has accelerated the digital transformation of many retailers. An unforeseen event, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, is often referred to as a ‘Black Swan’ event – being of low probability to occur but causing substantial disruptions to a supply chain. Lockdown restrictions imposed to curb the spread of coronavirus resulted in significant external and internal disruptions to retailers’ supply chains. Omnichannel retailer’s ability to respond to the pandemic’s disruption hinges on resilient supply chain strategies.Objectives: This article explored the major supply chain disruptions experienced by South African omnichannel retailers because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, it investigated the response strategies employed by the retailers as part of their efforts to mitigate the disruptions caused.Method: This study followed a qualitative, exploratory research design. Data were collected through 17 semi-structured interviews with the senior managers from nine different large omnichannel retailers in South Africa.Results: The study found that omnichannel retailers experienced external and internal supply chain disruptions during the pandemic. The most noticeable external disruption was the drastic migration of consumers to online channels and the retailers’ inability to meet demand surges. Internally, systems constraints of both front- and back-end operations were identified as prominent disruptions. In response, the omnichannel retailers highlighted the importance of being agile to unlocking investments and scale capacity, to plan for the long-term, and to make strategic decisions, fluently.Conclusion: This article adds to the body of knowledge by being one of the first empirical studies to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on omnichannel supply chains in South Africa. In addition, this article adds to the scarce publications on the impact a ‘Black Swan’ event such as the COVID-19 pandemic can have on supply chains and possible ways retailers can react to similar disruptions in future.
Lefschetz Properties in Algebra, Geometry and Combinatorics
Authors: Juhnke-Kubitzke Martina , Migliore Juan C. , Miró-Roig Rosa Maria , Szpond Justyna
Published: September 2021

The themes of the workshop are the Weak Lefschetz Property – WLP – and the Strong Lefschetz Property – SLP. The name of these properties, referring to Artinian algebras, is motivated by the Lefschetz theory for projective manifolds, initiated by S. Lefschetz, and well established by the late 1950’s. In fact, Lefschetz properties of Artinian algebras are algebraic generalizations of the Hard Lefschetz property of the cohomology ring of a smooth projective complex variety. The investigation of the Lefschetz properties of Artinian algebras was started in the mid 1980’s and nowadays is a very active area of research.

Although there were limited developments on this topic in the 20th century, in the last years this topic has attracted increasing attention from mathematicians of different areas, such as commutative algebra, algebraic geometry, combinatorics, algebraic topology and representation theory. One of the main features of the WLP and the SLP is their ubiquity and the quite surprising and still not completely understood relations with other themes, including linear configurations, interpolation problems, vector bundle theory, plane partitions, splines,

d

-webs, differential geometry, coding theory, digital image processing, physics and the theory of statistical designs, etc. among others.
Mini-Workshop: Almost Complex Geometry
Authors: Angella Daniele , Cirici Joana , Demailly Jean-Pierre , Wilson Scott
Published: September 2021

The mini-workshop focused on very recent developments of analytic and algebraic techniques for studying almost complex structures which are not necessarily integrable. It provided a forum to discuss and compare techniques from PDE’s, elliptic theory, deep algebraic structures, as well as geometric flows, and new topological invariants, towards attacking several longstanding open problems in the field of complex and almost complex geometry.
Mathematical Logic: Proof Theory, Constructive Mathematics
Authors: Buss Samuel R. , Iemhoff Rosalie , Kohlenbach Ulrich , Rathjen Michael
Published: September 2021

The Workshop ‘Mathematical Logic:Proof Theory, Constructive Mathematics’ focused on proofs both as formal derivations in deductive systems as well as on the extraction of explicit computational content from given proofs in core areas of ordinary mathematics using proof-theoretic methods. The workshop contributed to the following research strands:
Mini-Workshop: Dimers, Ising and Spanning Trees beyond the Critical Isoradial Case
Authors: Boutillier Cédric , Ramassamy Sanjay , Russkikh Marianna
Published: September 2021

The goal of this mini-workshop is to gather specialists of the dimer, Ising and spanning tree models around recent and ongoing progress in two directions. One is understanding the connection to the spectral curve of these models in the cases when the curve has positive genus. The other is the introduction of universal embeddings associated to these models. We aim to use these new tools to progress in the study of scaling limits.
ŞEHİR HASTANELERİNDEKİ CEPHE KONFİGÜRASYONLARINDA OPAKLIK-SAYDAMLIK PARAMETRESİNE GÖRE BİNA MALİYETİ İNCELENMESİ
Authors: OKTAR Ceren , İLERİSOY Zeynep Yeşim , SOYLUK Asena
Published: September 2021

Teknolojinin getirdiği imkanlar sayesinde yeni uygulama teknikleri, yeni malzeme ve yapım sistemleri geliştirilmekte; bu gelişmelerden en çok etkilenen yapı elemanı ise yapının dış formunun ayrılmaz bir parçası olan cepheler olmaktadır. Mimarlık ve mühendislik alanlarındaki buluşlar sayesinde tasarımında farklılıklara gidilen, geçmiş kullanımında sadece örtü, kabuk ve filtre gibi işlevi olan bina cepheleri artık tasarımın niteliğine uygun çözümler sunmaktadır. İnsanlarda yapıya yönelik ilk izlenimi oluşturan cephelerin tasarım kriterleri ve uygulama parametreleri ise en temelde uygulanacağı yapının işlevine göre farklılaşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada yüksek inşaat alanlarıyla sirkülasyonun yoğun olduğu yerler olan şehir hastaneleri ve cephe uygulamaları araştırma odağını oluşturmaktadır. Bu bağlamda Türkiye’de gündemde olan şehir hastanelerinde cephe tasarımlarının ve kullanılan cephe malzemeleri nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden veri toplama ve iz sürme metotları kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. İlk etapta Sağlık Bakanlığı’nın cephe tasarımıyla ilgili yönlendirici bir yönetmelik yayınlamaması doğrultusunda cephe tasarımını tasarımcının tercihlerine göre şekillendiği bilgisi aktarılmalıdır. Halbuki uygun fiziksel ortamı sağlayan, konfor düzeyini etkileyen cephe kararları için hem ilk yatırım hem kullanım aşamasındaki maliyetler kapsamında etkin olan evre tasarım evresidir. Bu bilgiden yola çıkılarak şehir hastanelerinin tasarımında kullanılan malzemeler ve oluşturulan saydam ve opak yüzeylerin maliyeti ne düzeyde etkilediği araştırılmıştır. Karasal iklim koşullarında farklı cephe malzemeleri ve oranlarına sahip şehir hastaneleri incelenmiş, optimal sonucun elde edildiği cephe yüzdelik oranı belirlenmiştir. En uygun sonuç poliklinik bloklarında %24 şeffaf, %76 opaklığa sahip Eskişehir Şehir Hastanesinde çıkmışken, yatak bloklarında en uygun sonuç %44 şeffaf, %56 opak ile Bilkent Şehir Hastanesinde görülmüştür. Araştırma sonucunda cam yüzey miktarının artması sonucunda cephe maliyetinin arttığı görülmüş ve aralarında doğrusal bir orantı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu sayede hem uygun maliyetli bir tasarım elde edilmesi hem de sonradan işveren ve tasarımcı tarafından oluşabilecek sorunların önüne geçilmesi hedeflenmektedir.
Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Empatik Eğilimleri ve Bireyselleştirilmiş Bakım Algıları
Authors: ER KORUCU Aslı , ÇEKİÇ Yasemin , USLU ŞAHAN Fatma
Published: September 2021

Giriş: Hemşirelerin empatik eğilimleri bireyselleştirilmiş bakım algılarını etkilemektedir. Amaç: Araştırma, hemşirelik öğrencilerinin empatik eğilim düzeyleri ile bireyselleştirilmiş bakım algıları arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yöntem: Araştırma tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı tipte yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini bir devlet üniversitesinin 2020-2021 eğitim-öğretim yılı güz döneminde hemşirelik bölümüne kayıtlı bulunan 227 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Araştırma verileri Tanıtıcı Özellikler Formu, Empatik Eğilim Ölçeği ve Bireyselleştirilmiş Bakım Skalası-Hemşire ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Student’s t testi, Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi, Tukey testi ve Pearson korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Öğrencilerin Empatik Eğilim Ölçeği toplam puan ortalamasının 68.14 ± 8.52, Bireyselleştirilmiş Bakım Skalası-Hemşire toplam puan ortalamasının 4.13 ± 0.56 olduğu saptanmıştır. Bireyselleştirilmiş Bakım Skalası-Hemşire alt boyut ortalamalarının sırasıyla karar verme kontrolü (4.18 ± 0.63), klinik durum (4.17 ± 0.59) ve kişisel yaşam durumu (3.98 ± 0.71) olduğu belirlenmiştir. Empatik Eğilim Ölçeği ile Bireyselleştirilmiş Bakım Skalası-Hemşire alt boyutları arasındaki ilişki incelendiğinde ise Empatik Eğilim Ölçeği ile klinik durum alt boyutu arasında pozitif yönlü orta düzeyde (r =.413, p =.001), kişisel yaşam durumu alt boyutu (r =.283, p =.001) ve karar verme alt boyutu (r =.329, p =.001) arasında pozitif yönde zayıf bir ilişki saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Araştırmada hemşirelik öğrencilerin empatik eğilimlerinin orta düzeyde; bireyselleştirilmiş bakım algılarının iyi düzeyde olduğu; öğrencilerin empatik eğilimleri arttıkça bireyselleştirilmiş bakım algılarınında arttığı belirlenmiştir.
El des-ligaje de la biopolítica para el re-ligaje en la Educación Matemática Decolonial Transcompleja
Authors: Rodríguez Milagros Elena
Published: September 2021

La manipulación del cuerpo desde la afección de la psique en la enseñanza de la Matemática han sido acciones originarias del ejercicio de autoritarismo de la biopolítica en la educación; el currículo ha sido objeto de dominio de la modernidad-postmodernidad-colonialidad. Desde la hermenéutica comprensiva, ecosófica y diatópica como transmétodo se cumple con el objetivo complejo: des-ligar la biopolítica en la Educación Matemática actual y re-ligar en la Educación Matemática Decolonial Transcompleja. Se pasan por los momentos analíticos, empíricos y propositivos. En este último, se re-liga bajo una concientización tetraédrica: transepistémica, antropoética, política y humana. El re-ligaje es deseable a favor de lo humano, del develar de las Matemáticas del Sur, del habita popular, con un re-ligaje profundo de procesos metacognitivos se puede llegar a una concientización de una Matemática decolonial, compleja, transdisciplinar en la vida del discente; inclusión sin preeminencia, pues la Matemática no tiene más apellido que: la humanidad.
Direitos dos ribeirinhos no Brasil: construção de barragens a pandemia Covid-19
Authors: Bonfá Neto Dorival , Domingos Bruno dos Santos , Silva Inaiá Rossi
Published: September 2021

Este trabalho tem como objeto de estudo as comunidades ribeirinhas (habitantes tradicionais das margens dos rios, em específico os povos ribeirinhos da região da Amazônia Legal), acerca dos quais busca-se compreender o que os caracteriza, quais são seus direitos e qual sua situação atual diante da crise do Covid-19 e das constantes ameaças à sua existência impostas por construções de barragens. O trabalho traz consigo um viés interpretativo crítico a respeito das garantias fundamentais destas comunidades que, eventualmente, encontram-se em xeque mediante atividades de cunho desenvolvimentistas por parte do Estado, como a construção de barragens para usinas hidrelétricas. Para isso, por meio de levantamento bibliográfico, levantamos as regras nacionais e internacionais que regem as relações entre a execução de projetos desenvolvimentistas e as populações tradicionais em específico, os ribeirinhos, e de como essas populações vêm sendo afetadas pelas construções de barragens e, mais recentemente, pela pandemia do Covid-19. Dessa maneira, pudemos perceber que, apesar de alguns avanços em relação à garantia dos direitos fundamentais de tais populações, o governo ainda segue adotando políticas ineficientes para a preservação de seu modo de vida, fazendo com que sua existência seja, continuamente, ameaçada.
A linguagem fotográfica no Ensino Fundamental II em Geografia: uma sequência didática para o estudo da cidade
Authors: Nascimento Devid Hallyson da Silva , Fernandez Pablo Sebastian Moreira
Published: September 2021

Este artigo é derivado de uma dissertação e de um produto educativo que considera a Fotografia como uma linguagem para o ensino/aprendizagem da temática cidade no Ensino Fundamental de Geografia. O objetivo de tal proposta é ensinar Geografia considerando a experiência dos alunos que habitam a cidade de Macaíba/RN atravéss da produção de narrativas fotográficas, reaproximando o sujeito do seu cotidiano, seus lugares e espaços vividos. O estudo realizado propôs a criação de interfaces no campo do Ensino de Geografia entre Linguagens e Artes, Ciência e práticas escolares, além da valorização de vivências, estabelecendo um diálogo permanente com o método fenomenológico, em busca por acessar a ideia de geograficidade e experiência espacial. Autores como Ítalo Calvino (1972), James Hillman (1993), Cazetta e Oliveira (2013), Callai (2005), Cavalcanti (2002; 2013) Dantas (2011), Dardel (2011), Fernandez (2008; 2013), Larrosa (2017) e ainda o filósofo Roland Barthes (1984), possibilitaram delimitar os caminhos que fundamentam o percurso da pesquisa. Como produto educativo a ser aplicado e como metodologia qualitativa a ser experimentada de modo a compreender as experiências espaciais na cidade, propõe-se a criação de uma Sequência Didática, que articula o conteúdo cidade com uma proposta de investigação caminhante e fotografante.
Parques Urbanos: Análise temporal do Parque Municipal Milton Prates Em Montes Claros/MG: Impactos ambientais e qualidade hídrica
Authors: Durães Braga Mônica , Veloso Santos Stéfany , Niza Santos Maria Fernanda
Published: September 2021

Os Parques urbanos possuem significativo reflexo ambiental, no que tange à preservação, assim como melhoria na qualidade de vida da população. Em Montes Claros, um destes importantes parques é o Parque Municipal Milton Prates, criado em 1968. Dentre os 11 parques municipais da cidade, este é o mais visitado e a terceira maior área verde urbana do município de Montes Claros. O Parque passou por diversas transformações ao longo dos seus 53 anos. Ao percorrer toda a área, é perceptível a identificação dos impactos ambientais no Parque Municipal e seu entorno. Ainda, pode-se verificar a situação de impactos atuais sobre a lagoa e constatar uma forte influência da atividade antrópica, visto que é uma área inserida no perímetro intensamente urbanizado. No que tange à qualidade da água, embora a lagoa receba muitos impactos da ação antrópica de seu entorno, a mesma apresenta qualidade de água viável para seus usos atuais. Quanto à qualidade do ar, observa-se que, a intensa urbanização de seu entorno possibilitou níveis de poluição forte e média, com melhores resultados no centro do parque.
Best Practices for Occupational Therapy Fellowship and Physical Therapy Residency Programs: A Mixed Method Study
Authors: Chapman Morgan , Lehman Emily , Pedersen Lauren , Sibson Anna , Xiao Jianqiu , Domina Anna
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this sequential mixed methods study was to investigate occupational therapy fellowship and physical therapy residency directors’ perceptions of components of a successful residency program. Methods: A pilot survey was administered to occupational therapy fellowship and physical therapy residency directors prior to the study. A 17-item self-report survey was used to gather fellowship and residency director perceptions on the success of their respective programs. Directors of approved occupational therapy fellowship programs and accredited physical therapy residency programs were invited to participate. Following completion of the survey, follow-up interviews were conducted to deepen the understanding of director perceptions. Quantitative data was entered into Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and descriptive statistics were conducted. Qualitative data underwent thematic analysis. Results: Fellowship and residency director surveys (n=76) and interviews (n=7) highlighted program components that attributed to program success. While engagement in research was reported as only somewhat important, the other six components examined were rated as either important or very important. Research was not valued as highly as other components due to the nature of fellowship and residency programs and their focus on practical application of didactic components translating to clinical skill enhancement. Components not highlighted by the authors in the survey were then supplied by program directors in interviews: administration time, resident feedback, networking opportunities, rotation through the healthcare continuum, the opportunity to assist with teaching in an entry level program, and consistent feedback from mentors. Three themes emerged from interview data: importance of program components, fellow/resident characteristics, and program evaluation/changes. Conclusion: While some differences between occupational therapy fellowship and physical therapy residency programs were found, there were more similar components that contributed to program and participant success. Further research is necessary for the continued development and quality assurance of fellowship and residency programs.
Communication Sciences and Disorders Graduate Students' Strengths and Vulnerabilities Related to Resilience: A Survey of Graduate Programs
Authors: Tilstra Janet , Coffman Megan , Gonia Teresa , Koziol Caroline , Liebe Ellen
Published: September 2021

Burnout in health care professionals may pose a threat to the quality of care provided in any setting. The purpose of this project was to examine dimensions related to future resilience in CSD graduate students. METHODS: In this project, 146 master’s degree students from Communication Sciences and Disorders (CSD) programs in the Midwest completed an online survey regarding lifestyle stresses affecting resilience, and patterns in five areas correlated with resilience. RESULTS: Top lifestyle stresses affecting academics were general stress, maintaining mental health, and sleep difficulties. Notably, more than half of the participants reported feeling rested three or fewer days per week. Further, CSD students reported significantly higher incidence of general stress, mental health conditions, chronic health conditions, concern for a friend or family member’s struggles, and sleep difficulty than college age peers. Positive factors identified related to resilience in CSD students included presence of professional networks and mentoring, maintaining positivity, opportunities for reflecting on strengths and weaknesses, and having a sense meaning in life. Respondent areas of resilience vulnerability were reduced optimism on a daily basis, limited sense of life balance, and hesitancy to discuss life issues or accommodation needs with faculty. Implications are discussed regarding CSD graduate programs’ roles in fostering resilience. CONCLUSION: Professional programs can support and promote the development of personal and professional resilience in students training for healthcare professions. This survey project provides a starting point to describe patterns in CSD master’s programs within the Midwestern region of the US.
Elbow Injury Prevention in Youth Dominican Baseball Players: A Training Intervention Pilot Study
Authors: Franz Chelsey , Hall-Bibb Dawn , Stockdale Myra , Thompson Aliya , Biggs Bailey
Published: September 2021

Background: Research suggests deficits in shoulder and elbow strength and flexibility may explain the role of elbow injuries in overhead athletes, specifically ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injury in baseball players. Significant damage to this ligament typically requires operative care for continued activity in the sport. Several studies have demonstrated the success of rehabilitation programs post-surgery; however, few studies have examined the role of UCL injury prevention programs. A recognized upper extremity (UE) injury prevention method is the Thrower’s Ten Program. This program may create elbow stability when pitching and throwing, theoretically reducing the risk of UCL injury. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the feasibility of teaching this program to youth baseball coaches in a Spanish-speaking, developing country. Design: This is a pilot study carried out at the Youth Baseball Academy in Santiago, Dominican Republic. Participants included youth male baseball players (N=24), aged 14 to 18 years, who completed a health history survey. Dominican male coaches (N=5), aged 21 to 35 years, averaging seven years of coaching, were taught the Thrower’s Ten program. Two days post training and one-year post training, the coaches were assessed on their ability to properly demonstrate the exercises. The main outcome measures were a baseline of UE injuries in a baseball academy; proper demonstration of exercises as tracked on a Thrower’s Ten Program checklist; and implementation of the program. Results: Nearly 80% (19 of 24) of the youth baseball players recorded a current or previous UE injury. All coaches achieved a 100% (21 of 21) accuracy rate two days post training and the pitching coached achieved an 85% (18 of 21) one year later. The pitching coaches utilized the program three times per week. Conclusions: Findings suggest UE injury prevention programs are needed and can be successfully integrated into a Dominican youth baseball academy.
Clinical Instructor Perceptions of the Collaborative Clinical Education Model: Providing Solutions for Success in Physical Therapy Education
Authors: Myers Katherine , Davis Alice , Thomas Shelene , Bilyeu Catherine
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The most common approach to physical therapy clinical education is the one-to-one (1:1) model. The collaborative clinical education model (CCEM) offers an alternative and beneficial approach to education but is not widely utilized within physical therapy. The primary aim of this study was to explore the experiences and perceptions of clinical instructors (CIs) teaching within the CCEM while also receiving structured support from an academic program. Methods: This study used semi-structured interviews before and after the CCEM experience to explore CI perceptions. CIs received formalized support that included pre-experience meetings, a CCEM Toolkit resource, scheduled follow-ups during the experience, and a post-clinical debriefing. Interview transcripts were analyzed using a qualitative data analysis program and collaborative coding process. Results: CIs’ perceptions of the CCEM shifted following participation. Participants noted a need to be prepared with appropriate teaching strategies, have frequent communication with the academic program, and have a supportive clinical environment. Conclusion: CI participation in the CCEM is challenged by negative perceptions and lack of experience with collaborative learning. CI perceptions of the CCEM can become more positive after actually teaching in the CCEM; therefore, perceived challenges need to be addressed to increase CI participation. The CCEM may be more widely accepted if CIs’ perceived challenges are addressed in partnership with an academic program with intentional CCEM training and support strategies.
Exploring the Use of Video-Recorded Practical Examination Performance to Enhance Student Self-Assessment
Authors: Perlow Ellen , Tunney Niamh , Ebert Jeffrey
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to explore the ability of doctor of physical therapy students to self-assess performance during a video-recorded practical examination, to evaluate student perceptions of the experience, and to determine their perception of their ability to self-assess. Method: A cross-sectional design with students from 2 consecutive cohorts was utilized. Participants worked in groups of three conducting a video-recorded gait training session. Students graded their own performance immediately upon completing the practical examination. Students then regraded their performance from the video recording. The instructor graded each student’s video-recorded performance using the same rubric as the students. Following the experience, students completed a 7-question survey administered via Survey Monkey. Data were analyzed using Friedman’s ANOVA with post-hoc Wilcoxon signed-rank test to compare median scores. Cohen’s Kappa and percent agreement calculations assessed inter- and intra-rater reliability. Student perception data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: The only significant difference in scores was between student-live and faculty examiner assessments for Cohort 2. Inter-rater reliability (.09-.17) and percent agreement (20.7%-26.3%) were low across all comparisons. Intra-rater reliability (.12-.23) and percent agreement (23.7%-34.5%) were also low for both cohorts. Students rated their ability to self-assess from the video-recorded performance significantly higher than from the live performance (pConclusions:Students’ ability to self-assess performance does not appear to be well developed in the early stages of physical therapy education. The use of video-recorded performance, in conjunction with instructor feedback, could enhance this ability, ideally leading to independent and effective self-assessment as students proceed through the curriculum.
Ranking of the Generic Abilities among Baby Boomer, Generation X, and Millennial Physical Therapists and Physical Therapy Students
Authors: Noonan Catherine , Bunn Jennifer , Shearin Heidi
Published: September 2021

Background: The events and social conditions experienced by a generational cohort are thought to shape values and behaviors. Numerous studies have correlated generational differences with unique professional behaviors and educational preferences. However, few studies have examined this theory in the practice of physical therapy. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess generational differences in ranking of the Generic Abilities, a tool for assessing professional behaviors, as used in physical therapy in the United States of America. Methods: An online survey including demographic information, region of residence, years of experience, and ranking of Generic Abilities was sent via email to clinical partners and diverse regional university physical therapy education programs. Comparisons of ranking between generations, sex, geographical region, years of experience, and practice setting were evaluated using a Kruskal-Wallis H Test. Results: Overall, all generations ranked professional behaviors similarly. Stress management was the only Generic Ability with a significant difference between generations (p = 0.001). Millennials ranked stress management higher than both Generation X (p = 0.010) and Baby Boomers (p = 0.023). There was a significant difference in rankings by years of experience for professionalism (p = 0.028) and stress management (p = 0.010). There was no statistical difference in rankings by sex, practice setting, race, educational and career status, or geographical region. Conclusion: With only one statistically significant exception, physical therapists and physical therapy students, regardless of generation, rank the Generic Abilities similarly, indicating that professional values may supersede those of a particular generation. Higher ranking of stress management among Millennials may indicate needs that impact career longevity. This knowledge can be utilized by educators and employers to implement strategies to improve success as younger generations progress through the work force.
Athletic Training Assessment of Knowledge Inconsistent with Perceptions of Knowledge Needs: Part II
Authors: Edler Jessica , Eberman Lindsey
Published: September 2021

Purpose: Continuing education (CE) is intended to promote continued competence beyond the level required for entry-level practice. Previous research suggests that athletic trainers are unable to identify their knowledge gaps regarding their clinical practice. The purpose of this research study was to determine if athletic trainers’ perceived need for CE aligns with their performance on an actual knowledge assessment. Method: We used a correlational design conducted on Qualtrics, a web-based platform. Four hundred, forty-four (444) athletic trainers completed all the CE Needs Assessment and over 60% of the athletic training assessment of knowledge. The CE Needs Assessment determined participant’s perceived need for CE using a 5-point Likert scale on the 8 content areas within the National Athletic Trainers’ Association’s educational competencies. The athletic training assessment of knowledge included 71 multiple-choice questions across the 5 domains of athletic training. Actual knowledge for each domain was determined by calculating the percent of correct answers within the domain. We used a Pearson’s correlation analysis to determine the relationship between perceived need for CE and actual knowledge for each domain. Results: We identified a poor, negative, significant correlation between orthopedic clinical assessment and diagnosis (r=-0.10, P=0.034) and domain 2 (clinical evaluation and diagnosis) total score. We also identified a poor, negative significant correlation between therapeutic interventions (r=-0.10, P=0.04) and domain 4 (treatment and rehabilitation). We identified non-significant correlations between perceived need for CE in evidence-based practice, prevention and health promotion, acute care of injury and illness, psychosocial strategies and referral, healthcare administration, and professional development and responsibility and their respective domain total scores. Conclusions: Athletic trainers are unable to consistently identify their need for CE in relation to their actual knowledge performance. This suggests that perceived need is not an effective means to identify areas of weakness in athletic training clinical practice and should not be used to guide CE choices.
Changing Weight Management Self-efficacy Among Obese Puerto Rican Adults: A Quantitative Study using a Health Coaching Intervention
Authors: Valentin Ayala Richard , Bernstein Josh
Published: September 2021

Purpose: Obesity and associated healthcare-related issues continue to increase. The prevalence of obesity is on the rise, which has led many health professionals to find ways to improve health interventions. Health coaching can be a viable tool to reduce the obesity epidemic. The purpose of this quantitative study was to investigate the effects of an 8-weekhealth coaching intervention in obese individuals from Puerto Rico and to determine if self-esteem and body image influence weight managementself-efficacy. Method: A pretest-posttest design using a weight management self-efficacy scale helped the researcher evaluate the effectof the coaching sessions. In addition, body image was measured using the 9-figure Body Size Scale and self-esteem was analyzedwith the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale. Forty Hispanic adult men and women participated in the study. Results: Health coaching had a statistically significant effect on weight management self-efficacy (t (39) = -6.58, p < .001). Additionally, body image and self-esteem affected weight management self-efficacy and positive health coaching outcomes were significant regardless of positive or negative perceived body image. Conclusions: These findings suggest that body image and self-esteem should be considered when creating programs for obesity and a health coaching program can be effective in increasing weight management self-efficacy.
Impact of an Interprofessional Education Quality of Life Forum on Students’ Perceptions and Commitment to Addressing Local Health Disparities and the Social Determinants of Health
Authors: Bayliss Jamie , Hofmeyer Erin , Charles-Liscombe BC , Clephane Kristin , Matthias Sandra , Glankler Donna , Harshbarger Nicole
Published: September 2021

Purpose: Healthcare providers and educational programs share a challenge where limited resources make interprofessional education (IPE) and collaboration difficult. The purpose of this research was to investigate the impact of IPE, specifically The Greater Cincinnati Quality of Life Forum within the School of Health Science at Mount St. Joseph University, on students’ perceptions of communication skills, collaboration, and values of interprofessional practice as they relate to emergent topics within the community and healthcare. Methods: Consenting participants completed an electronic survey with five reflection questions. Qualitative assessment included analysis of text for emergent themes. Results: Four themes evolved impacting future practice: consciousness, roles and responsibilities, professional values and ethics, and skepticism of the IPE activity benefit. Analysis of data also revealed three learner-readiness categories: desire to know, desire to act, and questioning value and validity. Conclusion & Recommendations: This IPE activity aimed to integrate holistic patient care approaches within a supportive interprofessional team. Educators ought to consider alignment of IPE activities to the learner audience for better integration of the process. Future research should also include longitudinal assessment of students’ development through IPE activities.
Global Interest for Health Professions Education: A Geographic and Temporal Analyses Through Web Search Differences from 2010-2019
Authors: Dalanon Junhel , Matsuka Yoshizo
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the spatio-temporal differences in web search trends for dental degrees (DD), medical degrees (MD), and nursing degrees (ND) across 197 countries from 2010 to 2019. Method: A search string was used to initiate a search query using Google Trends. The parameters used were DD, MD, and ND as search terms; worldwide as Location; 2010 to 2019 as time range; health education & medical training as category; and web search as database. Data were downloaded and analyzed. Results: Via one-way ANOVA and post hoc Dunnett test, the searches for DD were found to be significantly lower in 2011 (3.2 ± 0.3, p = .044), 2012 (2.6 ± 0.2, p < .001), 2013 (2.8 ± 0.3, p = .006), 2014 (3.0 ± 0.3, p = .017), and 2015 (2.9 ± 0.3, p = .010) compared to the year 2010 (4.5 ± 0.6); the searches for MD was significantly higher in 2019 (84.5 ± 2.5, p = .002) compared to the year 2010 (73.0 ± 1.7); and the searches for ND were statistically significantly higher in 2015 (28.9 ± 1.1, p = .024) and 2019 (31.7 ± 1.1, p = .001) compared to the year 2010 (24.5.0 ± 1.2). The search trend for MD increased in 31 countries and decreased in 14 countries while searches for ND increased in 40 countries and decreased in 5 countries as determined by a two-way ANOVA with Holm-Sidak’s multiple comparison test. The 12-month forecast for the search interests of these health professions predicted a rise in the third quarter and an abrupt decline at the end of the year. Conclusions: Geographic and time factors affect the search interests for health professions. In a span of a decade, the disparity of interests shown by the low interests for DD and ND compared to MD in some countries underscores the need to promote these professions to fill the future health care workforce.
NEW STEELS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR NITRIDED PARTS OF LONG LIFE MACHINES
Authors:   Presidium of the NAS of Belarus, VITYAZ Petr A. , SOTNIKOV Maksim V. ,   Joint Institute of Mechanical Engineering of the NAS of Belarus, SIDORENKO Aleksandr G. ,   Joint Institute of Mechanical Engineering of the NAS of Belarus, MOISEENKO Vladimir I. ,   Joint Institute of Mechanical Engineering of the NAS of Belarus, SHISHKO Sergey A. ,   OJSC “BELAZ” — Management Company of Holding “BELAZ-HOLDING”
Published: September 2021

The analysis of the used steels for nitrided parts is carried out. On the basis of a new methodology for increasing the strength of structural steels and parts, new scientific approaches and practical solutions are proposed and considered for the creation of gear wheels strengthened by nitriding both when using aluminum containing steels and a new material, 40ХМФА (40KhMFA) steel, that does not contain aluminum. To improve the efficiency and manufacturability of parts production from aluminum-containing 38Х2МЮА (38Kh2MYuA) steel, widely used in mechanical engineering, a fundamentally new technology of preliminary heat treatment of part blanks, “incomplete quenching”, has been developed, which provides both an increase in the machinability and accuracy of large-sized gear wheels, and an increase in strength due to the elimination of flaking of nitrided layer. The research results are presented on 40ХМФА (40KhMFA) steel, which does not contain aluminum, has increased heat resistance, hardenability and workability of parts, as well as the characteristics of the hardened layer. The nitrided layer of gears with a thickness of 0.5–0.7 mm does not contain brittle components, which, with a core hardness of 300–320 HB, also excludes its flaking and subsequent destruction of parts. The use of 40ХМФА (40KhMFA) steel makes it possible to solve the problems of reliability and life of large-sized nitrided gears, but it is also promising for the entire range of gears with internal gearing, as well as parts of movable spline gearings and fine-modular gears in order to replace carburizing with nitriding.
Service and Life of British and Soviet Women in the Navy during World War II
Authors: Zaletok N.
Published: September 2021

Comparative studies on the experiences of female representatives of different countries in WWII remain relevant today. They not only deepen our understanding of the life of women at war, but also allow us to explore the power regimes of different states at one stage or another. After all, the government organized the activities of various groups of the population aimed at winning the war. Women were no exception in this respect, regardless of whether they worked in the rear or defended their homeland with weapons in hand. For centuries, the navy for the most part represented a purely masculine environment, and the presence of a woman on a ship was considered a bad omen. However, the scale of hostilities during the world wars and, as a consequence, the need for a constant supply of personnel to the armed forces made their adjustments – states began to gradually recruit women to serve in the navy. The article compares the experiences of Great Britain and the USSR in attracting women to serve in the navy during WWII. The countries were chosen not by chance, as they represent democracy and totalitarianism, respectively, and studying their practice of involving women in the navy can deepen our knowledge of these regimes.

After analysing the experience of women’s service in the navy in 1939-1945, the author concludes that their recruitment to the navy in Great Britain took place through a special organization – the Women’s Royal Naval Service (WRNS). Its personnel were trained mostly separately from men and then sent to military units of the navy. The USSR did not create separate women's organizations for this purpose; women served in the same bodies as men. The main purpose of mobilizing women to the navy in both the USSR and Great Britain was initially to replace men in positions on land to release the latter for service at sea. However, in both countries there were cases when women also served at sea. The range of positions available to them in the navy expanded during the war, and in the USSR reached its apogee in the form of admission of women to combat positions. In Great Britain, women in the navy did not officially perform combat roles, and there was a ban on them from using lethal weapons.
Central Asian and Middle Eastern policy towards Tajikistan
Authors: Bulvinskyi A.
Published: September 2021

The article analyzes the main policy directions towards Tajikistan, neighboring countries of Central Asia and culturally related to the Tajiks of the Middle East towards Tajikistan. The civil war in Tajikistan between supporters of the country’s secular and religious paths of development (1992-1997) caused mixed attitudes and policies on the part of various state, political and religious circles in Afghanistan. However, after it became clear that the struggle between secular and Islamist forces in Tajikistan could destroy the country as such, the culturally and linguistically close to the Tajiks political elite of Afghanistan (B. Rabbani and A. Masood) and Iran (A. Rafsanjani) made significant efforts to end the civil war in Tajikistan as mediators and expressed interest in the sustainable development of Tajikistan. In the 2000s, Iran abandoned attempts to influence Tajik policy in order to promote the establishment of a religious state in Tajikistan, turning to cooperation with the secular Tajik authorities in the economic sphere.

Important issues complicating relations between Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan are the construction by Tajiks of large hydropower plants on mountain rivers, which Uzbekistan considers a threat to national security, and unresolved border disputes, which are a source of constant aggravation in Kyrgyz-Tajik. In general, Tajikistan has complex problems of various kinds with most of its neighbors (with Afghanistan - drug trafficking and Islamic influences, with Uzbekistan - water energy, with Kyrgyzstan - border), which prevent bilateral relations to reach a new level of quality.
Formation of the Basic Principles of the Middle East policy of the Joe Biden Administration
Authors: Shved V.
Published: September 2021

The period from January to March 2021 completed the formation of the main outlines of the foreign policy of the Joe Biden administration in the Middle East, which found its consolidation in the Interim Strategic Leadership in the field of national security. Its main features, in contrast to the policy of the D. Trump administration, are based on the principles of democracy, liberalism and reliance on the alliances and allies of the United States in the region.

The main directions of the foreign policy course of the new US administration in the Middle East region are determined as follows: ensuring effective security for Israel in the context of its deep integration into the Middle East, advancing the process of the Abrahamic agreements and resolving the Palestinian-Israeli conflict on the basis of a two-state solution; organizing, together with its regional allies and partners, the effective counteraction to the Iranian expansionist course by returning to an updated and expanded Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action; continuing the counterterrorism activities with reliance on regional partners and improvement of the forms and methods of its implementation; significantly reducing the level of tension in the region.

When implementing these tasks, the Biden administration will have to find a balance between the proclaimed principles of its foreign policy in the region and the existing realities and traditions, especially among the Arab countries of the region.
Public History: a New Discovery or a Forgotten Antiquity?
Authors: Chekalenko L.
Published: September 2021

To answer the question of what is public history, let's turn to its origins. The emergence of academic history in the nineteenth century, now called official, was associated with the separation of history from other fields of knowledge. At that time, it was believed that without a professional historical education, it was impossible to be an erudite and intelligent person, and to tell the past objectively and truthfully. Otherwise, these stories would resemble myths and fairy tales.

Over time, history gradually became a scientific discipline, as well as an ideological science, as its primary task during the rapid kaleidoscope of changes in various political regimes was to educate ideologically savvy professionals for state-building. Thus, historical science was formed during the creation of nation-states and affirmed the national identity of different social and ethnic groups that formed one nation. What prompted recent history to approach man as the object of study? In our opinion, interest in man - a phenomenon of any civilization has existed since Hellenic times, and in the era of authoritarianism and totalitarianism has been replaced by interest in power and strength. Such a change, unfortunately, led to the tragic consequences of the First and Second World Wars.

The disproportionately heavy burden of the tragedies of the Second World War and the emergence of new threats to world security in the bipolar period forced two opposing ideological camps to understand the need for dialogue, finding common ground and finding consensus in peace building. The Helsinki process began, and cooperation between the United States and the Soviet Union deepened in strategic areas: space and high technology. Security levers have been strengthened, and a regional security structure, the Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE / OSCE), has been established in the European dimension.

Civilizational exchange contributed to the growth of education of the population, the deepening of the intellectual component of society. At the center of the state and history was an intelligent man – Homo Sapiens, who felt his significance for the world, history and the future. World wars have forced historians to rethink the meaning of life, its fragility and vulnerability. And the deep political, economic, and social world crisis of the 1970s drew the attention of historical science to the person. Oral history, new social history, public history, etc. appeared. The philosophical and social sciences began to study individual social groups – women's society, religious communities, working and student youth, etc. With the growth of interest in the person, the interest in history as it is, without ornaments and artificial exaggerations, the history of ordinary people and places, increased.