bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
商业银行信用风险管理浅析
Authors: 周 秋文
Published: October 2019

信用风险是商业银行面临的最主要风险,贯穿于银行经营管理过程始终。十九大报告指出我国商业银行要“守住不发生系统性金融风险”,其中信用风险管理是关键。与西方发达国家相比,我国商业银行信用风险管理体系尚不完善,管理研究起步较晚,外部环境变化较快,风险管理技术手段和水平相对落后,因此研究商业银行如何加强信用风险管理、全面提高资产质量显得尤为重要。本文从“贷款流程管控”、“评级管理”、“信贷文化建设”三个角度入手,结合目前商业银行信用风险管理现状,提出有针对性的、切实可行提高商业银行信用风险管理水平的对策建议,进一步研究如何推动我国商业银行加强风险管控、提升经营管理能力。
地方部门预算的难点与对策
Authors: 王 娜
Published: October 2019

在社会不断发展过程中,我国在财政管理制度方面进行了一系列的改革,而地方部门积极响应国家号召,也在改革过程中获得了相应的成果,但在实际工作中,还有许多的难点问题存在,对地方部门预算改革的深化造成了不利影响,因此,本文针对地方部门预算进行讨论,对其中的难点问题加以了解,并探讨强化该项工作的具体措施,意在提升地方部门的预算质量。
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF PLASMA MIR-21, MIR-141, MIR-29C, AND MIR-BART7 IN PATIENTS WITH LOCALLY ADVANCED NASOPHARYNGEAL CANCER AND THEIR ALTERATIONS AFTER CHEMORADIATION THERAPY
Authors: Herawati Cita
Published: October 2019

Introduction:

Plasma microRNAs (miRNAs) are biological markers that have been extensively studied in cancer, including nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC). The clinical significance of miRNA in NPC patients in Indonesia has never been studied.

Objective:

This study was aimed to know the expression of plasma miRNAs in NPC patients (miR-21, miR-29c, miR-141dan miR-BART7) and their relationship with clinicopathological characteristics and treatment response.

Method:

This was a cohort, longitudinal study among locally advanced NPC patients (stage IIB-IVB) in Dharmais Cancer Hospital, Jakarta. miRNA expression was assayed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) technique. Four miRNAs were evaluated, i.e., miR-21, miR-29c, miR-141, and EBV-miR-BART7. The results were normalized against a reference gene, miR-16.

Result:

A total of 52 patients and 10 normal subjects were enrolled in this study; 17 of them completed treatment. Patients’ mean age was 45.1+12.53 (14-68) years. The ratio between men and women was 3:1. MiR-21 and miR-29c could be detected in all subjects; miR-141 was detected in 22 (42.3%) and EBV-miR-BART7 in 26 (50%) subjects. There was no significant difference between miR-21 or miR-29c expression between before and after therapy. However, miR-21 expressions tend to decrease in a patient with complete response (CR) (4.13+3.65 vs. 2.74+3.23; p=0.650) and tend to increase in patients with partial response (PR) (3.00+5.86 vs. 8.77+8.43; p=0.465). There was no difference of miR-29c expression between CR and PR patients.

Conclusion:

Our study shows that not all miRNA can be detected in the plasma of NPC patients. Levels of miRNA expressions in these locally advanced patients are similar. Expression of miR-21 is potentially used as a biomarker of evaluating treatment response in NPC patients.
Special Issue - Past, present and future challenges on customer experience: Digging knowledge across sectors
Authors: Del Chiappa Giacomo , Gallarza Martina G.
Published: October 2019

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Analysing customer experience in heritage tourism: Empirical evidence from an Italian cultural district
Authors: Calza Francesco , Ferretti Marco , Risitano Marcello , Sorrentino Annarita
Published: October 2019

Despite the multitude and richness of works on tourism experience, few studies have analysed the experiential approach and its key effects in cultural district context.The purpose of this paper is to provide an exploratory investigation of the magnitude of the experiential approach in the specific area of cultural district tourism as a contribution to the scarce and preliminary literature on this topic.To achieve this aim, a structural equation modelling (SEM) analysis is applied to a sample of 400 tourists at San Gregorio Armeno (Naples, Italy) to test the relationships among visitor experience, tourist satisfaction, memorable experience and behavioural intentions. The selected cultural district is an agglomeration of local firms embedded with the aim of producing hand-crafted goods (by respecting traditions, history and the local community), thereby driving unplanned heritage tourismdevelopment based on the visit experience delivered to customers.The findings of this empirical study show positive relationships among the constructs and interesting moderating effects of the variables (i.e., gender and past experience).Based on these results, the main contributions to theory are explained, managerial implications (for local firms and policy makers) and future research directions are suggested.
KAJIAN TENTANG EFEKTIFITAS MOBIL LISTRIK DALAM MENUNJANG TRANSPORTASI KAMPUS (Studi Kasus: Kampus IPB Dramaga)
Authors: . Mahdi , Lutfi Muhamad
Published: October 2019

Kampus merupakan tempat untuk mencari ilmu yang digunakan mahasiswa untuk menempuh jenjang pendidikan yang tinggi. Pendidikan tinggi merupakan jenjang pendidikan ditempuh setelah pendidikan menengah, mencakup program pendidikan Diploma, Sarjana, Magister dan Doktor.
Kampus Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB) tahun 2020 mencanangkan Green Kampus. Green transportation merupakan Visi awal Perguruan tinggi bertaraf Internasional. Tujuan Penelitian mendapatkan efektifitas penggunaan mobil listrik terhadap pelayanan pemakai moda transportasi
moli di lingkungan kampus IPB Dramaga. Mobil listrik adalah kendaraan yang di gerakkan oleh listrik Accu (DC) .yang menggunakan Enegi listrik yang disimpan dalam beterai atau tempat penyimpanan
energi. Panjang lintasan untuk koridor 1 sepanjang 1,7924 km. Koridor 2 sepanjang 0,685 km, koridor 4 sepanjang 1,1955 km dan koridor 5 sepanjang 1,5336 km. Load Factor untuk semua koridor dibawah 70% yaitu paling tinggi 37 % yaitu Koridor 5 Perum Dosen-Gate 2 dan paling rendah
25% Koridor 1 FKH-GWW via Asrama Putri artinya tidak memenuhi. Headway jalur Moli Koridor 1 FKH-GWW via Asrama Putri sebesar 9 menit 32 detik dan yang paling rendah headway 7 menit 32 detik dengan SPM headway 5-10 menit, memenuhi SPM. Waktu Tunggu angkutan Moli paling tinggi
waktu menunggu rata-rata Koridor 1 GWW-FKH via Asrama Putri yaitu 4 menit 46 detik dengan standar pelayanan minimal 5 – 10 menit dan maks 10 – 20 menit lebih kecil dari SPM, artinya semua
koridor telah memenuhi standar pelayanan minimal (SPM). Waktu tempuh pelayanan Moli di lingkungan IPB Dramaga Koridor 5 Gate 2-Perum Dosen lebih kecil dari pada standar pelayanan minimal (SPM) sedangkan untuk Koridor 1 GWW-FKH via Asrama Putri sudah memenuhi standar
pelayanan minimal (SPM).
ANALISIS DAMPAK LALU LINTAS PEMBANGUNAN TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT (TOD) GREEN WALK STATION BEKASI TIMUR
Authors: Herdiansyah Rizky
Published: October 2019

Pembangunan yang dilakukan oleh PT. Adhi Karya berupa Kawasan Transit Oriented Development (TOD) Green Walk Station seluas 19,6 Ha (BIA, 2018), pada salah satu Kecamatan Bekasi yang luas wilayahnya sekitar 13,49 km
2 (BPS, 2017) yaitu Bekasi Timur. Pembangunan kawasan ini akan
membangkitkan pergerakan yang baru pada jaringan jalan di sekitarnya tentu saja akan berdampak negatif pada lalu lintas disekitarnya. Dampak negatif ini meliputi penambahan volume arus lalu lintas yang menyebabkan kemacetan di ruas jalan dan persimpangan sekitar kawasan, apabila tidak dilakukan penataan manajemen lalu lintas di sekitar kawasan tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini akan melakukan Analisis Dampak Lalu Lintas (Andall) untuk meminimalisir kemacetan akibat hadirnya kawasan tersebut. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu penelitian kuantitatif.
Dari analisis yang didapatkan, tingkat pelayanan ruas jalan dan simpang Apill eksisting atau Skenario Do Nothing menunjukkan rata-rata tingkat D. Setelah dilakukan Rekomendasi atau Skenario Do Something berupa pengaturan waktu siklus, perpindahan moda angkutan dan pelebaran jalan, maka
tingkat pelayanannya rata-rata menjadi tingkat C. disimpulkan bahwa Rekomendasi atau Do Something dapat dapat membantu kinerja ruas jalan dan simpang Apill.
PERANAN MESIN ELEKTRONIK DATA CAPTURE (EDC) SEBAGAI SALAH SATU TRANSAKSI PEMBAYARAN ELEKTRONIK PADA BANK
Authors: . Supramono , . Elsa
Published: October 2019

Peranan Mesin Elektronic Data Capture (EDC) sebagai salah satu pembayaran elektronik sangat penting dengan tujuan mempermudah konsumen untuk melakukan transaksi pada merchant dan
menjadi sumber dana pihak ketiga bagi bank. Pada sisi lain nasabah tidak perlu repot bawa uang kas, karena hanya dengan menggesekan kartu pada mesin sudah dapat bertransaksi. Dengan bantuan adanya mesin EDC dapat mengurangi terjadinya risiko Cash handling yaitu perampokan dan uang
palsu. Persyaratan mesin EDC sangatlah mudah karena untuk pengajuannya nasabah dating ke unit
kerja bank
STRATEGI PEMASARAN TABUNGAN HAJI DENGAN AKAD MUDHARABAH MUTLAQAH PADA PT. BANK TABUNGAN NEGARA SYARIAH (PERSERO) TBK. CABANG BOGOR
Authors: Bimo Widhi Ariyo , Cahya Tommy
Published: October 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan informasi tentang adanya produk Tabungan Haji dengan akad Mudharabah Mutlaqah Pada PT. Bank Tabungan Negara Syariah (Persero) Tbk. Cabang
Bogor.Peran perbankan syariah adalah memberikan layanan yang dapat mempermudah bagi umat muslim dalam menunaikan ibadah haji. Mayoritas masyarakat Indonesia adalah muslim, ini
merupakan peluang yang sangat besar yang seharusnya dapat dimanfaatkan oleh bank syariah. Perlu
strategi pemasaran yang tepat dalam memberikan pelayanan yang baik dan bertanggungjawab
PERLAKUAN TERHADAP WARKAT YANG DITOLAK PADA PROSES KLIRING PADA PT. BANK X (PERSERO) Tbk. AREA BOGOR
Authors: . Supramono , Karalina Agita
Published: October 2019

Pembayaran pada awalnya terjadi dengan menggunakan sistem barter, seiring dengan perkembangan perekonomian yang semakin meningkat uang kartal digunakan sebagai alat pembayaran dan uang  giral sebagi alat-alat lalu lintas pembayaran. Salah satu sistem yang dapat digunakan dalam
penyelesaian pembayaran menggunakan uang giral adalah kliring. PT.Bank X (Persero) Tbk Area Bogor adalah salah satu Bank yang menyediakan jasa kliring dan merupakan peserta kliring wilayah Bogor. Tujuan penelitian Tugas Akhir ini adalah untuk mengetahui proses kliring, penyebab
terjadinya tolakan, perlakuan warkat yang ditolak dan peristiwa menang atau kalah kliring pada Bank X Area Bogor. Sedangkan perlakuan terhadap warkat yang ditolak yaitu warkat difotocopy untuk lampiran Surat keterangan penolakan (SKP), warkat asli dikembalikan kecuali warkat blokir karena
surat kehilangan dari kepolisian, warkat diduga palsu/ dimanipulasi.
MEKANISME PENGAWASAN PEMBIAYAAN KONSUMTIF PADA PT. BANK NEGARA INDONESIA SYARIAH (PERSERO) Tbk. KANTOR CABANG PAJAJARAN BOGOR
Authors: Rinda Rachmatulaily Tina Kartika , Arisandi Nidia
Published: October 2019

Praktek kerja lapangan pada PT Bank BNI Syariah dilakukan dengan mengamati bagaimana mekanisme pengawasan pembiayaan konsumtif, wawancara langsung, verifikasi data, pastikan kebenaran data, dan melihat laporan keuangan. Dari mekanisme tersebut dapat diketahui apakah
nasabah mau dan mampu mempertanggung jawabkan pembiayaan yang telah diberikan. Dimana pembiayaan merupakan aktivitas Bank Syariah dalam menyalurkan dana kepada pihak lain atau
nasabah. Sebelum dana disalurkan, pihak bank terlebih dahulu menganalisa nasabah apakah layak atau tidak diberikan pembiayaan dengan melakukan pengawasan. Mekanisme pengawasan
pembiayaan konsumtif merupakan hal yang sangat penting dalam menyalurkan pembiayaan kepada nasabah. Pengawasan Pembiayaan konsumtif harus menggunakan mekanisme yang benar agar tidak
salah dalam mengambil keputusan.
REPAYMENT CAPACITY DALAM MITIGASI RISIKO KREDIT USAHA RAKYAT (KUR) PT BANK X (PERSERO) Tbk CABANG BOGOR TAJUR KARYA ILMIAH
Authors: . Supramono , Listianto Muhamad Hana
Published: October 2019

Untuk meningkatkan kredit pada sektor usah kecil dan menengah, pemerintah menyusun suatu program yang bertujuan untuk membantu masyarakat yang masih belum memenuhi persyaratan untuk mengajukan kredit komersil. Salah satu jenis program yang berlangsung hingga saat ini adalah Kredit
Usaha Rakyat (KUR).. KUR adalah sebuah program pemerintah yang ditujukan untuk usaha UMKM yang feasible akan tetapi belum bankable. Dengan pertimbangan bahwa sebagian besar usaha UMKM
merupakan usaha yang belum bankable, maka calon penerima dana KUR tidak harus memiliki jaminan untuk mengajukan permintaan kredit. Akan tetapi, untuk mengurangi peluang terjadinya
adverse selection, hanya usaha yang telah berdiri paling tidak enam bulan yang dapat mengajukan permohonan dana KUR. Selain itu, pemilik usaha juga harus memiliki perhitungan cash flow usaha
yang dijalankan serta pengeluran pribadi yang berdampak terhadap kemampuan membayar
(repayment capacity).
Matchmaking for Multi-Cloud Marketplace Application
Authors: Long Huỳnh Hoàng , Đức Nguyễn Hữu , Vĩnh Lê Trọng
Published: October 2019

Cloud computing has burst into the trend that a cloud application is developed and provided by a specific cloud provider in form of SaaS (Software as a Service). One limitation of this approach is the vendor lock-in problem, in which the consumers of a SaaS are tightly bound to the ecosystem from the cloud provider in both senses of software development environment and computation resource. Toward solving this problem, in this paper, we propose Composable Application Model (CAM) which formalizes a cloud software as a composition of software components, each of them can be independently developed and can be separately deployed on different cloud platform. We show that our prosed model could be useful for verifying correctness of software composition as well as for checking the correct deployment of a software composition on specified cloud platforms. As an illustration, we experimentally transform our proposed application model into TOSCA application template, a standardized specification for creating multi-cloud application.
Chọn lựa nút chuyển tiếp nâng cao hiệu năng mạng vô tuyến nhận thức dạng nền với sự xuất hiện của nút nghe lén và khiếm khuyết phần cứng
Authors: Quốc Bảo Võ Nguyễn , Ngọc Phạm Thị Đan , Duy Trần Trung , Khương Hồ Văn
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we study physical-layer security issue of secondary networks in cognitive radio (CR). In the considered system model, a secondary source communicates with a secondary destination with assistance of multiple secondary relays in presence of multiple secondary eavesdroppers. The secondary users operate on an underlay mode, where they must adjust their transmit power to satisfy interference constraints required by primary users. Moreover, we propose three efficient relay selection methods to improve outage performance for the data links as well as to reduce decoding probability (DP) of the eavesdropping links. For performance evaluation and comparison, we derive exact closed-form expressions of outage probability (OP) and decoding probability (DP) over Rayleigh fading channel under impact of imperfect hardware transceiver. Finally, Monte Carlo simulations are performed to verify our theoretical derivations. The results present that with the presence of the eavesdroppers, there always exists a trade-off between security and reliability.
Intimidade
Authors: Brito dos Santos Karine
Published: October 2019

A intimidade é um assunto que tem despertado interesse na pós-modernidade,notadamente em razão dos desafios de constituir na atualidade relacionamentosíntimos sadios. Para Anthony Giddens a pós-modernidade é, na realidade, a expressãode uma modernidade tardia ou reflexiva, capaz de (re)pensar a construção da intimidade,e estabelecer limites necessários para prevenir relacionamentos fixados e viciados.Este estudo de caráter documental, objetiva analisar o conceito de intimidade naobra de Giddens “A Transformação da Intimidade: Sexualidade, Amor e Erotismo nasSociedades Modernas”, especificamente no capítulo intitulado “O Significado Sociológicoda Co-Dependência”. Ao caracterizar a construção do conceito de intimidade,entrelaçando discussões sobre a codependência, enquanto fator limitante ou bloqueadordo desenvolvimento sadio da intimidade, o autor aponta a problemática das influênciasparentais na arquitetura dos relacionamentos interpessoais. Na modernidadereflexiva, as relações de gênero ganham novos contornos, na medida em que homense mulheres são impelidos a repensar e reconfigurar seus papéis, demandas e expectativas,em prol de um relacionamento mais igualitário, democrático e íntimo, em detrimentode relacionamentos fixados e viciados. Conclui-se que a construção da intimidadesadia tem como condição fundamental a independência emocional e a libertaçãoda toxidade dos vínculos parentais e, para lidar com as transformações da intimidade,torna-se imperativo a reescrita da narrativa do eu.
DESAIN PENGENDALI FUZZY – PID UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN POSISI PADA SISTEM MAGNETIC LEVITATION BALL
Authors: Mursyitah Dian , Faizal Ahmad , Ismaredah Ewi
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini mengajukan perancangan pengendali Logika Fuzzy untuk pengendalian posisi pada sistem Magnetic Levitation Ball. Posisi pada sistem magnetic levitation ball perlu dikendalikan untuk menghindari gesekan bola baja dengan permukaan. Sistem magnetic levitation ball merupakan sistem non linier ditunjukkan oleh pemodelan matematis yang cukup kompleks, kemudian hasil respon sistem secara lup terbuka belum mencapai setpoint dan menunjukkan ketidakstabilan. Ketidakstabilan ditunjukkan dengan munculnya osilasi yang besar. Metode penyelesaian yang dipilih adalah pengendali Logika Fuzzy. Logika Fuzzy dipilih karena kemampuannya dalam memudahkan persoalan kompleksitas matematika secara analitik, karena perancangannnya sesuai dengan logika manusia.  Hasil pengujian awal menggunakan pengendali logika fuzzy dengan rule base 3x3 berhasil membuat sistem mencapai setpoint, namun belum berhasil menghilangkan osilasi yang terjadi. Untuk itu, pengendali logika fuzzy dikombinasikan dengan pengendali PID. Hasil simulasi akhir menunjukkan respon yang lebih baik.. Setpoint tercapai, respon waktu cepat ditunjukkan dengan nilai konstanta waktu sebesar 0,0530 detik, dan osilasi teredam sempurna
Analiza svjetskog i hrvatskog tržišta svinjskog mesa
Authors: Stupnišek Ivan , Mesić Željka
Published: October 2019

Cilj rada bio je utvrditi stanje na svjetskom i hrvatskom tržištu svinjskog mesa. Za prikaz hrvatskog tržišta svinjskog mesa korištena je metoda proizvodno – potrošnih bilanci sukladno metodologiji Statističkog ureda europskih zajednica, podaci Državnog zavoda za statistiku (DZS) i FAOSTATa. Za analizu svjetskog i EU tržišta svinjskog mesa korišteni su podaci FAOSTAT-a. Rezultati analize svjetskog tržišta su pokazali da se u razdoblju od 2006. do 2016. svjetska proizvodnja svinjskog mesa povećala za 17,2 %. U analiziranom razdoblju najveći svjetski proizvođači svinjskog mesa bili su Kina, SAD i Njemačka. Najveći svjetski uvoznici svinjskog mesa su Japan, Rusija, Južna Koreja, Kina i Njemačka, a najveći izvoznici SAD, Njemačka, Kanada i Danska. Prosječna svjetska potrošnja svinjskog mesa u 2016. Godini iznosila je 12,4 kg/stanovniku, a na razini EU 33 kg/stanovniku. Najviše svinjskog mesa se konzumira u Austriji (56,15 kg/stanovniku), Njemačkoj (54,52 kg/stanovniku) i Španjolskoj (52,67 kg/stanovniku). Proizvodnja svinjskog mesa u Hrvatskoj u konstantnom je padu od 2010. te je prema dostupnim podacima zabilježen pad proizvodnje do 2016. od 23 %. U razdoblju od 2010. do 2016. uvoz svinjskog mesa u Hrvatskoj porastao je za čak 83 %, a uvoz živih svinja se smanjio za 23 %. U promatranom razdoblju izvoz svinjskog mesa se povećao za 213 %, a izvoz živih svinja za 784 %. U 2016. godini najviše svinja smo uvozili iz Nizozemske, Njemačke i Danske, a izvozili u Italiju, Mađarsku te Srbiju. U 2016. godini potrošnja svinjskog mesa iznosila je 45,9 kg/stanovniku, a samodostatnost 55 %. Revitalizacija svinjogojskog sektora moguća je većim ulaganjem u konvencionalnu proizvodnju te u proizvodnju specifičnih proizvoda od izvornih pasmina od kojih su neke kritično ugrožene.
Celebrity ‘Ulama’: Contiguity Religion and Popular Culture
Authors: Kumalasari Intan , Sormin Darliana , Barus Muhammad Irsan
Published: October 2019

Post-1998 is the spread of spiritualism discourse. The emergence of celebrity ‘ulama’ in Islamic expression of contemporary Indonesian treasury is one example of how popular culture with a set of ideologies taking advantage of the rise of Islam. Television became an agent of a culture to the people with his ability as a link between one culture with another culture. Televisions have unpacked the real with the imaginary. With television all things can be esthetizatied, the sacred and the profane into somersaults. Television media such strength finally gave birth to a new religious authority, called celebrities ‘ulama’. Factors caused by the emergence of celebrity ‘’ulama’ are sociological, which characterized by many people who prefer to watch the celebrity ‘ulama’ than watching Conventional Ulama. Then supported by sophisticated Tecnology Science, the stage, and commodification. This shows that Islam has been negotiating with the market and subsequently published widely in the public sphere as a form of freedom of expression in the new order in which the strength of the potential of Islam to be appreciated by the government. This can be described as a form of commodification of religion in the sense of religious values ​​commercialized for profit.
Pharmacology education in the perspective of pharmaceutical promotion: Bangladesh experience
Authors: Johora Fatema , Rahman Md. Sayedur
Published: October 2019

The medical practice has become complex and challenging because of the entry of newer medicines and technologies. The key objective of pharmacology teaching-learning activities is to make graduates enable to select medicines by appraising safety, efficacy, cost and suitability. Promotional activities conducted by pharmaceutical industries deleteriously affect physicians’ prescribing practice. The present research was conducted with an attempt to explore current academic documents related to Pharmacology education in Bangladesh. The curriculum (pharmacology portion of undergraduate medical curriculum), books of pharmacology (preferred by the pharmacologists), and written question papers (of last five years from all universities) were evaluated by searching certain key phrases. The curriculum of undergraduate course did not give adequate emphasis on issues related to the pharmaceutical promotion. Ethical issues and ‘critical appraisal skill’ are not mentioned in the pharmacology books, and not appear in the written examinations.
Correlation of serum aspartate aminotransferase level to platelet count ratio index with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease activity score
Authors: Das Dulal Chandra , Alam Shahinul , Noor-E-Alam Sheikh Mohammad , Kamal Mohammed , Mollah Forhadul H. , Mamun-Al-Mahtab .
Published: October 2019

In case of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the ratio of serum aspartate  aminotransferase (AST) level to platelet count index has been proposed as a non-invasive and readily available tool for the assessment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. The study was conducted on 50  non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patient (25  non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and 25 simple steatosis). The mean (± SD) serum AST level in the non-alcoholic steatohepatitis group  was 55.2 ± 30.1 IU/L whereas in simple steatosis group it was 33.6 ± 20.0 IU/L. The mean platelet count in the non-alcoholic steatohepatitis group was 303.1 ± 68.7 x 109 /L whereas in the simple steatosis group it was 327.8 ± 66.8 x 109/L. The mean AST platelet ratio index (APRI) score in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis group was 0.5 ± 0.3 and in the simple steatosis group it was 0.3 ± 0.2. In conclusion, the APRI  was  significantly higher in the non-alcoholic steatohepatitis group than the simple steatosis group.
Assessment of Hemodialysis Adequacy in Patients with End Stage Renal Disease in a Military Hospital of Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Rasul Md Maksudur , Rahman AKM Mijanur , Nessa Azizun , Khan Ajfar Sazid , Hussain Tahmeed
Published: October 2019

Introduction: The burden of kidney disease patients requiring renal replacement therapy is increasing day by day. Hemodialysis (HD) constitutes the most common form of renal replacement therapy (RRT) worldwide. Determining the adequacy of hemodialysis, Urea kinetic modeling (UKM) is an important tool for this. The aim of this study was to determine hemodialysis adequacy by UKM.

Material & Methods: A total 137 patients were sampled in dialysis center of Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Dhaka. This was a cross sectional study. Data were collected from predialysis, postdialysis and next predialysis blood sample. Mean of adequacy parameters like single pool Kt/V (spKt/V), urea reduction ratio (URR), time average concentration of urea (TACurea) and normalized protein catabolic rate (NPCR) were calculated and compared between twice and thrice per week hemodialysis groups. Also compared adequacy variables between groups who achieved cutoff values and who did not achieve it.

Results: One hundred (72.99%) patients were on 8 hours/week and 37 (27%) were on 12 hours/week hemodialysis session. Only 21(21%) and 16(43%) could achieve spKt/V cut off value among 8 hour and 12 hours group respectively. Eighty (58.39%) patients had URR < 65% in this study. Blood flow e+250 ml/ min group had significantly better dialysis adequacy than blood flow <250ml/min group, URR (81.31± 10.21 vs. 54.51 ± 11.52 and p-value <0.001), spKt/V (1.99 ± 0.41 vs. 1.41 ± 0.31 pvalue< 0.001) Thrice weekly hemodialysis group achieved better adequacy than twice weekly group.

Conclusion: Frequency and blood flow of dialysis are strongly associated with adequacy of hemodialysis as evidenced by spKt/V and URR value. So to achieve hemodialysis adequacy, increasing the frequency of dialysis from two to three sessions per week is recommended.

J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2019; 37(4): 169-174
Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis
Authors: Banik Gobinda Chandra , Aman Sakib , Sultana Farhana , Mohammad Arif Syed
Published: October 2019

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is chronic progressive encephalitis of childhood and young adoloscent due to persistent measles virus infection. This case illustrates a 14 year old girl presented with short history of intellectual decline, abnormal behavior, myoclonus and altered consciousness with suggestive neuroimaging mimicking metachromatic leucodystrophy. Subsequently she was diagnosed to be a case of Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) on the basis of Electroencephalography (EEG) and Cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) measles antibody titer.

J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2019; 37(4): 205-208
College News Vol. 37(4)
Authors: Chief Editor In
Published: October 2019

Abstract not available

J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2019; 37(4): 212
ILANGKAI KILAKKU MAAKAANA TAMILMOZIP PAADASALAIKALIL PAADA VAKUTI KURIPPIDAPPADAATHU PADDATAARI AASIRIYAR NIYAMANAM VAZANGKAPPADDA PADDATAARI AASIRIYARKAL ETHIRKOLLUM PIRACCANAIKAL
Authors: Mohamed Safeer Mohamed Ussanar , Mohamed Nawastheen Fareed
Published: October 2019

The study aimed at identifying the problems faced by Graduate Teachers who recruited without indicating their subject category in the Tamil medium schools in Eastern Province of Sri Lanka. Using a simple random sampling technique, a total number of 13 teachers which consisted of 8 male teachers and 5 female teachers from the population of graduate teachers in the educational division of Koralai Pattu West in eastern province in Sri Lanka, was selected for the study. The study was employed qualitative approach and a semi structured interview schedule was used to collect data. Collected data was analyzed using a thematic technique. Based on the analysis of the data, it was found that many teachers were not satisfied with their teaching and faced problems in terms of administrative, emotional and teaching subjects in the schools. Therefore, it was recommended to recruit graduate teachers with mentioning their teaching subject category in order to make them satisfaction in their teaching.
EDUCATIONAL AND CURRICULUM CHANGES IN SRI LANKA: IN LIGHT OF LITERATURE
Authors: Mohamed Nawastheen Fareed
Published: October 2019

The purpose this article is to explore of the current educational practices of Sri Lanka and to review the curriculum changes over the years in the country. To achieve this purpose, a review of literature was conducted in order to reveal the current educational practices and curriculum changes in Sri Lanka. Main findings of the paper were that there were number of significant changes in the educational system time to time, the intended goals of the changes had failed due to the lack of readiness of the stakeholders especially the teachers in the system. The aspects which are discussed in this paper would benefit to the prospective researchers to get to know the educational practices of Sri Lanka and could to compare these aspects with those of their own countries.
RANCANG BANGUN PEMROGRAMAN BERBASIS SISTEM CERDAS UNTUK PENGATURAN PENGISIAN BATERE PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA SURYA
Authors: Jurnal Redaksi Tim
Published: October 2019

Hydroelectric solar energy Photovoltaic/Solar in addition can be used to program the rural electricity, solar energy utilization opportunities such as street lighting lamps as well as for the survival of the industry and small and medium enterprises. At solar power plants is also still there needs to be some development in managementcharging, this needs to be done in order for the resulting damage to the quality of mecegah power, namely the irregular voltage too high and sometimes too low from the solar cells towards the battery. Solar power plant comprises a PV panel change sunlight into direct current (DC), charging circuits for charging the battery, the charger system served as the heart of electric power generation system of solar power, which the battery used for electric power storage. This study is develop an intelligent system software architecture for Solar Charger Controler and used to arrange direct current to disuply battery by solar energy and transmitted to the load-based fuzzy logic. This simulation is expected to be implemented in a tool that serves as a charging in excess of set flush from the solar panel to batterybased fuzzy. Solar Charger controler based Fuzzy logic can be applied automatically regulates battery charging battery charging and limit if the voltage at the battery with charging function and organize the liberation of current from the battery to the load. software used In this study is Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB) used to simulate fuzzy logic controller as a regulator of the output voltage of boost converter after the solar cells. And managed to simulate the control of the voltage and current that entered the battery, battery filling in the range of 95%.
MENYUSUTKAN RUGI – RUGI DAYA PADA PENYULANG MTL DAN PENYULANG BJM DENGAN MEREKONFIGURASI JARINGAN TEGANGAN MENENGAH
Authors: Jurnal Redaksi Tim
Published: October 2019

One way to optimize the flow of energy on a distribution channel is to reconfigure the network. This research aim to get optimal distribution system at PT.PLN Area Banjarmasin Penyulang BJM02, MTL04 and MTL10. The MTL10 repeater that will be recovered by reconfiguring the network to divide the load on the nearest repeater is the BJM02 and MTL04 feeders. This study uses 3 scenarios with regard to the state of the existing network to obtain a minimum power loss. In order to obtain a good conclusion then the analysis obtained that before the reconfiguration penyulang BJM02, MTL04 and MTL10 experienced energy losses 521,286 W. Resolving the problem then the network reconfiguration can be done on the BJM02 Repeater will divide the load of KST02 and the load of the earth in the circumference basirih earth in the feeder MTL04 to the MTL10 feeder. In configuring the network the thing that can be done is to open the KST02 circuit breaker at the KS.Tubun relay substance and close the disconneting switch (BJM02 Repeater) so that it connects with the MTL04 repeater. The MTL04 repeater will cut the muzzle throughput cable and connect the cable to the earth's basirih circular housing so that the load until KST02 is connected. The results obtained after reconfiguration can minimize power losses of 20,418 W.
KAJIAN KUALITAS DAYA LISTRIK PLTS SISTEM OFF-GRID DI STT-PLN
Authors: Hasanah Aas Wasri , Koerniawan Tony , Yuliansyah Yuliansyah
Published: October 2019

Inadequate power quality causes damage and may even cause damage to electrical equipment. Solar Power Plants Off-grid is a stand-alone power plant is not connected to the network. This system uses storage media such as batteries to maintain the availability of electricity at night or when the sun's intensity decreases. Solar power plant has a PV module that works based on the intensity of the captured sunlight and the inverter that can change the dc voltage into ac where as is known in the inverter there are non linear components which can result in poor quality of electrical power in this case the total harmonic distortion and voltage variations change. This may result in damage to electrical equipment. The electrical power quality of the STT-PLN off-grid PLTS will be analyzed and compared with the IEEE 519-1992 and SPLN 1: 1995 standards. Based on the results of the discussion that the THDi and THDv values ​​are still above the established standard limit of 5%.
ANALISIS PENGARUH SUDUT KEMIRINGAN TERHADAP ARUS KELUARAN PADA PHOTOVOLTAIC DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN REGRETION QUADRATIC METHOD
Authors: Samsurizal Samsurizal , Makkulau Andi , Christiono Christiono
Published: October 2019

Sumber energi terbarukan mempunyai sifat terbarukan serta berkesinambungan dan pemanfaatan sumber energi terbarukan merupakan alternatif yang perlu terus dikembangkan. Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS) menggunakan energi matahari sebagai sumber terbarukan dan mengkonversi energi matahari menjadi energi listrik. Untuk memaksimalkan intensitas matahari yang diterima oleh panel surya maka pada perancangan sistem dibutuhkan sudut kemiringan panel yang paling tepat untuk menerima radiasi matahari yang paling tinggi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui peningkatan arus keluaran terhadap perubahan sudut kemiringan pada photovoltaic, dengan menggunakan regretion quadratic method. Hasil yang diperoleh pengukuran sudut kemiringan PV dengan arus keluaran menggunakan metode regresi kuadratik sudut optimum peletakan panel sel surya dalam menerima paparan radiasi sinar matahari pada sudut 36.7º, dengan nilai arus keluaran sebesar 1.99 Ampere. Ternyata hasil pengukuran real dibandingkan dengan menggunakan metode regresi kuadratik diperoleh hasil nilai RMSE (root mean sequre error) 0.27476.
Konsep Fotovoltaik Terintegrasi On Grid dengan Gedung STT-PLN
Authors: Hasanah Aas Wasri , Hariyati Rinna , Qosim Muchamad Nur
Published: October 2019

Entering the 21st century, oil and gas supplies are running low. While the need for energy is increasing, especially in industrialized countries, it will increase to 70% between 2000 and 2030. In 2017, the electricity needs will reach 25.4 trillion kWh. Solar energy that can be generated for the entire Indonesian mainland which has an area of ​​± 2 million km2 with a radiation distribution of 4.8 kWh/m2/day is 5.10 mW, equivalent to 112,000 gWp. In terms of technique in totality it can be said that it is feasible to operate, solar panels have an efficiency increase of 17.4%. In terms of components and regional quality that will be absorbed by PLTS and synchronized by KWH EXIM, from calculations with a performance ratio yielding 81%, so the system is technically said to be feasible to be realized.
Estimasi Dampak Implementasi Kebijakan Terhadap Potensi Konservasi Energi Di Sektor Industri
Authors: Batih Hakimul
Published: October 2019

Beside transportation sector, industrial sector is one of the biggest energy consumption sector.Therefore, any energy conservation effort in this sector will contribute to the energy demand reduction as targeted in the National Energy Policy (KEN) and National Energy Plan (RUEN). This study tries to estimate the potential of energy conservation in Industrial sector by implementing four energy conservation policies, mamely: 1) implementation of energy management system, 2) boiler efficiency improvement, 3) Minimum Energy Performance Standards (MEPS) implementation for  electric motor, and 4) MEPS implementation for chillers. Potential of energy conservation was calculated by using Long Range Energy Alternative Planning (LEAP) software. The results of this study indicate that the implemntation of those energy conservation policies has the potential to reduce energy demands by 35 million Barrel Oil Equivalent (BOE) or by 7.9%  in 2025 and 232 million BOE or 15.3% in 2050 as compared to energy demand in the Business as Usual (BAU) scenario. In sthe hort-term, (2025), the contribution of  energy saving  from the implementation  of : energy management  system, improving boiler efficiency, implementation of MEPS for electric motors, and implementation of MEPS for chillers are 1.1%, 6.3%, 0.5%, and 0% , respectivily. While, for the  long -term (2050) , the contribution of each policy are 6.5%, 6%,2.2%, and 0.5%, respectively.Beside transportation sector, industrial sector is one of the biggest energy consumption sector.Therefore, any energy conservation effort in this sector will contribute to the energy demand reduction as targeted in the National Energy Policy (KEN) and National Energy Plan (RUEN). This study tries to estimate the potential of energy conservation in Industrial sector by implementing four energy conservation policies, mamely: 1) implementation of energy management system, 2) boiler efficiency improvement, 3) Minimum Energy Performance Standards (MEPS) implementation for  electric motor, and 4) MEPS implementation for chillers. Potential of energy conservation was calculated by using Long Range Energy Alternative Planning (LEAP) software. The results of this study indicate that the implemntation of those energy conservation policies has the potential to reduce energy demands by 35 million Barrel Oil Equivalent (BOE) or by 7.9%  in 2025 and 232 million BOE or 15.3% in 2050 as compared to energy demand in the Business as Usual (BAU) scenario. In sthe hort-term, (2025), the contribution of  energy saving  from the implementation  of : energy management  system, improving boiler efficiency, implementation of MEPS for electric motors, and implementation of MEPS for chillers are 1.1%, 6.3%, 0.5%, and 0% , respectivily. While, for the  long -term (2050) , the contribution of each policy are 6.5%, 6%,2.2%, and 0.5%, respectively.
IR-spectrum of monometallic copper(II) halogenide complexes with 1-tert-butyl-1,2,4-tria zole: experimental and quantum chemical studies
Authors: Saparova Djennet S. , Bogatikov Andrey N. , Matulis Vadim E. , Degtyarik Mikhail M.
Published: October 2019

The crystalline complexes CuL2X2 and CuL4X2 , where X = Cl or X = Br were synthesized by the interaction of copper(II) chloride or bromide with 1-tert-butyl-1,2,4-triazole (L) in water or organic solvents. The structure of metal complexes have been studied by elemental analysis, X-ray analysis and IR-spectroscopy in the medium (4000 –500 cm –1 ) and long-wavelength (400–50 cm –1 ) regions. Quantum chemical calculations of the vibrational spectra of the CuL2Cl2 and CuL4Cl2 complexes have been carried out to perform the assignment of the signals in the IR-spectra. It is shown that the polymer structure of CuL2X2 complexes is formed due to bridging of one of their halide ions. In the CuL4X2 complexes, the halide ions and 1-tert-butyl-1,2,4-triazole form an island type structure. In all metal complexes 1-tert-butyl-1,2,4-triazole is coordinated by N(4) atom of heterocycle.
Formation of laterally-oriented monolayers of plasmonic silver nanoplats and their ensembles with cadmium selenide quantum dots on the sur face of thin polymeric film
Authors: Malakhovsky Pavel O. , Artemyev Mikhail V.
Published: October 2019

We present here a novel method for formation of laterally-oriented monolayers of plasmonic silver nanoplates and their electrostatic ensembles with semiconductor quantum dots. Monolayers were electrostatically deposited on the surface of thin polymeric film containing different amount of tertiary amino groups. This method allows simultaneously investigate optical properties and morphology of silver nanoplates using transmittance electron microscopy. The optical density of films and surface concentration of silver nanoplates is proportional to the percentage of tertiary amino groups in the polymeric film. A surface ligand exchange was used for functionalization of the surface of silver nanoplates toward formation of electrostatic ensembles with colloidal quantum dots. We observed a straight correlation between the red shift of surface plasmon resonances in silver nanoplates and alkyl chain length of ligand molecules.
Secure On-Off Transmission in UAV Relay-Assisted mmWave Networks
Authors: Ma Ruiqian , Yang Weiwei , Zhang Yu , Wang Songqing
Published: October 2019

This paper investigates secure transmission in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) relay-assisted millimeter wave (mmWave) networks, where the selected UAV relay performs secure transmission in both the on-off and non-on-off schemes. Meanwhile, there are multiple eavesdroppers randomly distributed on the ground and attempting to wiretap the transmission. Leveraging the air-to-ground channel model and the tools of stochastic geometry, the novel expressions of transmit probability (TP) and secrecy outage probability (SOP) are derived in both the on-off and non-on-off transmission schemes with perfect beam alignment. The secrecy performance improvement is demonstrated in the on-off transmission scheme, and we find that there exists an optimal altitude of UAV relays to achieve the best TP. In addition, due to the limitations of UAV carriers, such as its low computational capacity and high mobility, the perfect beam alignment is difficult to achieve in the mmWave networks aided by UAV relays, and the effect of beam alignment error on the secrecy performance is investigated in the considered networks. Analyzing the numerical and simulation results, we find that the SOP will not have obvious deterioration when the beam alignment error is relatively small, and the SOP can be improved by using the antennas with a large number of elements. However, in high beam alignment error regime, the antenna arrays with a smaller number of elements will provide the better SOP.
Impacts of Internal Carotid Artery Revascularization on Flow in Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysm: A Preliminary Multiscale Numerical Investigation
Authors: Zhu Guang-Yu , Wei Yuan , Su Ya-Li , Yuan Qi , Yang Cheng-Fu
Published: October 2019

The optimal management strategy of patients with concomitant anterior communicating artery aneurysm (ACoAA) and internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis is unclear. This study aims to evaluate the impacts of unilateral ICA revascularization on hemodynamics factors associated with rupture in an ACoAA. In the present study, a multiscale computational model of ACoAA was developed by coupling zero-dimensional (0D) models of the cerebral vascular system with a three-dimensional (3D) patient-specific ACoAA model. Distributions of flow patterns, wall shear stress (WSS), relative residence time (RRT) and oscillating shear index (OSI) in the ACoAA under left ICA revascularization procedure were quantitatively assessed by using transient computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Our results showed that the revascularization procedures significantly changed the hemodynamic environments in the ACoAA. The flow disturbance in the ACoAA was enhanced by the resumed flow from the affected side. In addition, higher OSI (0.057 vs. 0.02), prolonged RRT (1.14 vs. 0.39) and larger low WSS area (66 vs. 50 mm2) in ACoAA were found in the non-stenotic case. These acute changes in hemodynamics after revascularization may elevate the rupture risk of ACoAA. The preliminary results validated the feasibility of predicting aneurismal hemodynamics characteristics in revascularization procedures by using multiscale CFD simulations, which would benefit the management of this group of patients.
Model-Independent Adaptive Fault-Tolerant Tracking Control for High-Speed Trains with Actuator Saturation
Authors: Xu Chuanfang , Chen Xiyou , Wang Lin
Published: October 2019

This paper investigates the fault-tolerant tracking control problem of high-speed trains (HSTs) subject to unknown model parameters with unavailable uncertainties, unmeasurable additional disturbance, and unpredictable actuator faults constrained by actuator saturation. An adaptive passive fault-tolerant tracking control strategy based on variable-gain proportion-integral-derivative (PID)-type sliding mode surface is proposed to handle the problem. Unknown model parameters, gains of the PID-type sliding mode surface, and upper bounds of the lumped system uncertainty which includes additional disturbance, modeling uncertainties, and uncertainties resulting from actuator faults, are estimated online by adaptive technology. The input saturation (actuator output saturation) constraint is handled by introducing an auxiliary signal. The proposed controller can compensate for the effects of the lumped uncertainty and the actuator faults effectively. Moreover, the controller is model-independent, which means it requires no prior knowledge of model parameters and upper bounds of the lumped uncertainty, and does not depend upon fault detection and diagnosis module. The asymptotic stability of the closed-loop train system is demonstrated by Lyapunov theory. Good fault-tolerant tracking capacity, effective anti-actuator saturation ability, and strong robustness of the proposed controller are verified via numerical simulation.
Seasonal Variability in the Composition of Particulate Matter and the Microclimate in Cultural Heritage Areas
Authors: Radulescu Cristiana , Stihi Claudia , Ion Rodica-Mariana , Dulama Ioana-Daniela , Stanescu Sorina-Geanina , Stirbescu Raluca Maria , Teodorescu Sofia , Gurgu Ion-Valentin , Let Dorin-Dacian , Olteanu Liviu , Stirbescu Nicolae-Mihail , Bucurica Ioan-Alin , Olteanu Radu-Lucian , Nicolescu Cristina-Mihaela
Published: October 2019

This study is the first attempt to decipher the effect of particulate matter (PM) composition on people’s health and on historic sites, in correlation with the daily and seasonal microclimate monitoring of the indoor and outdoor areas of the Roman Mosaic Edifice museum (the maritime port of Constanta, Romania). More specifically, the increase of metal concentrations in particulate matter during the summer of 2018 and spring of 2019 in the museum under investigation could possibly be associated with the microclimates of both seasons, with coastal factors, as well as with the anthropic activities specific to the port of Constanta. FTIR and inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) techniques, used for the investigation of PM2.5–10 samples, revealed high concentrations of Fe, Al-rich, and soluble particles inside the investigated museum area. In this respect, the chemical measurements of the PM2.5–10 masses highlighted high concentrations of heavy metals (i.e., Al, Fe, Zn, Mn, and Pb) and low concentrations of trace metals (i.e., Cr, Ni, Cu, and Cd). Statistical analysis showed that the chemical compositions of the particulate matter in the indoor and outdoor areas of the Roman Mosaic Edifice were influenced by microclimatic conditions, mainly temperature and relative humidity (RH). A potential health risk for tourists is the thermal and humid conditions, alongside the toxic components of the particulate matter. This research seeks to provide solutions for improving the environmental conditions inside the Roman Mosaic Edifice and to offer useful suggestions concerning health promotion and the protection of museum exhibits against possible future deterioration.