bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performative housing for extreme climatic conditions: the African Off-grid Housing (AOH) research project case study
Authors: Cascone Paolo , Schiano-Phan Rosa , Lau Benson , Georgiadou Maria Christina , Laddaga Maddalena
Published: June 2022

«Today, 600 million people in Africa do not have access to electricity and 900 million lack access to clean cooking facilities» (IEA, 2019). With this premise, the paper will explain the research agenda of the African Off-grid Housing project on how to design and build off-grid and affordable housing solutions for Sub-Saharan Africa. This ongoing project is being developed at the School of Architecture and Cities of the UoW with the support of the GCRF.The research agenda is based on the idea of producing innovative knowledge able to bridge traditional and advanced design strategies as well as construction technologies in response to the urgent need of sustainable and performative housing in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Unusual Etiology of Liver Abscess
Authors: Azaoui F. Al , Lafrouji S. , Benmoula F. Z. , Lahnaoui O. , Elmouatassim Z. , Elallami Y. , Sbai H. , Malki HO El , Chefchaouni M. , Ifrine L. , Belkouchi A.
Published: June 2022

Intrahepatic migration of ingested foreign body is an unusual etiology of liver abscess. Early diagnosis and treatment can avoid the serious complications often associated with this pathology. The reference treatment is extraction of the foreign body and drainage of the abscess. We report the management of a patient with a large hepatic abscess secondary to accidental ingestion of a chicken bone fragment.
Case Report: Endotracheal Hamarthoma in an Adult
Authors: Lemtouni K. , Idrissi M. Ouali , Boutakioute B. , Gannouni N. Idrissi El
Published: June 2022

This is a case report of a 50-year-old man with chest pain and chronic hemoptysis, which was ultimately attributed to a carinal mass in the trachea. A flexible bronchoscopy and biopsy were performed showing an appearance compatible with a tracheal hamartoma, an extremely rare benign tracheal tumor.
Parasitological and Fungal Assessment of Fresh Cow Milk Obtained from Five Herds in Karshi, F.C.T. Nigeria
Authors: GT Adem , HF Ajobiewe , P Alexander , JO Ajobiewe , NA Yashim , L Umeji , AA Ogundeji , A Dangana , C Oguji
Published: June 2022

Milk is a highly nutritious food that can be obtained from a variety of animal sources and is used for human consumption. Raw milk is generally considered an ideal growth medium for microorganisms, since it provides ideal conditions and nutrients for their growth. This study was aimed at assessing fungi and parasites present in fresh cow milk. 50 samples of fresh cow milk were collected randomly from five herds and subjected to parasitological and fungal assessment. 2 ml of each the milk samples was subjected to centrifugation, decanted and stained with Lugol’s iodine to view for parasites. 2ml of each sample was spread over the surface of Potato Dextrose Agar to encourage the growth of fungi. Aspergillus spp., Mucor spp., and Rhizopus spp. were the fungi found. The number of fugal colonies was 126, 23, 7 and 19 for yeasts, Rhizopus spp., Aspergillus spp. and Mucor spp. and respectively. Cryptosporidium spp. and Toxoplasma spp. were the parasites found. The high amount of microorganisms emphasizes the need for pasteurization and sterilization.
Predictive Factors of Left Ventricle (LV) Dysfunction in Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI): A Prospective Study
Authors: Nikiema S. , Massimbo D. , Faliouni H. , Britel D. , Lahlafi Z. , Lakhal Z. , Benyass A.
Published: June 2022

Left ventricular dysfunction (LV dysfunction) complicating myocardial infarction is common. Among patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), a strong relationship between the degree of LV dysfunction and mortality has been demonstrated. LV dysfunction is known to be a strong predictor of death in AMI with important implications for prognosis and treatment. The identification of patients at risk of developing LV dysfunction after AMI is relevant in the sense that it allows early and optimal management of heart failure for better quality of life. This prospective study of 75 cases of AMI complicated or not with LV dysfunction, hospitalized in the intensive care unit of the Mohammed V military training hospital in Rabat, covering a period of 6 months, aims to determine the predictive factors of LV dysfunction after an AMI in a Moroccan population group. It was found that male gender, delay in management, heart rate on admission, electrical territory, and the existence of crackling sounds on lungs at admission are predisposing factors for left ventricular systolic dysfunction. However, dyslipidemia is a protective factor. Early management of these patients would reduce the risk of reinfarction and death.
Comparison of Two Anthropometric Measurements in Determining Low Birth Weight: Chest Circumference and Foot Length
Authors: T Fardush , M Shirin , F Ahmed
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Birth weight is a sensitive and reliable predictor of health in newborn babies, especially because many neonates are not able to handle any tests to determine their health. Determining the birth weight is extremely important because that can help in identifying babies who need emergency or special care after birth. According to WHO, a birth weight of <2.5kg is considered low birth weight for babies. But it is not always possible to measure the weight after birth, as, in many developing countries including ours, most childbirths happen at home, by the hands of traditional birth attendants, who don’t always have weighing scales with them. Also in many tertiary hospitals, babies are not regularly weighed because of the lack of weighing scales. Because of this, anthropometric measurements are used to determine the LBW babies with very few tools that can be found almost everywhere. The present study was conducted to see different types of anthropometric measurements and their use in determining birth weight. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to determine substitute methods for recognizing low birth weight babies where weighing scales are not readily available. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Dhaka Shishu Hospital during the period of July 2013 to December 2013 with a sample size of 306. Anthropometric measurements including weight, chest circumference, and foot length were taken within 24 hours of life. The correlation coefficient was used to assess the association between birth weight and other anthropometric measurements. ROC was used. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result: This study was conducted with 306 neonates aged under 24 hours. The male-female ratio was 1.73:1. 56.9% of the neonates were aged between 7-12 hours. A total of 126 were preterm, and 180 were term neonates. Total low birth weight neonates were 48.4% and mean birth weight was 2.405±0.613 kg. Cut off value for Chest .........
Perception of COVID-19 Vaccine among Lecturers and Healthcare Workers in University of Port Harcourt
Authors: Woy Imadio , David Lekpa Kingdom
Published: June 2022

Background: The University of Port Harcourt is the first Federal tertiary institution in Rivers State. Rivers State is in the South-South region and a major economic city known for crude oil exploration in the country has had its share of the pandemic, in Rivers State there are currently 9,365 confirmed cases, number of cases on admission 1193, number discharged 8,063, and the number of deaths 109 as at August 22, 2021. The cases are still rising especially with the new string and the third wave. The University of Port Harcourt will not be spared in the distribution of the cases as such, perception of vaccine is important in convincing people to take the vaccine which will prevention new infection and keep the prevalence value low. Hence, this study was done to survey the perception of covid-19 vaccine uptake amongst lecturers and healthcare workers in the University of Port Harcourt. Materials and Methods: The study was cross-sectional carried out in the entire three senatorial districts of Rivers State. The study population was the healthcare workers in some selected hospitals in Rivers State, University staff both teaching and non-teaching staff and some selected establishment in Rivers State. The sample size used for the study was five hundred, sampling technique used was simple random sampling. The data collection tool used for the study was a self-structured closed-ended questionnaire. Results and Discussions: The results of the study showed that other civil servants who have taken vaccine before had the rate 20.0%, UNIPORT staff members 32.4%, and healthcare workers 44.1%; those that know about the availability of vaccine: Other civil servants 20.0%, UNIPORT staff members 32.8%, healthcare workers 42.0%; an analysis of participants who were willing to pay for the vaccine showed thus: 2.0% civil servants, 5.0% UNIPORT staff members, 5.0% healthcare workers. Conclusions: The results of the study showed that 2/3rd of the participants have heard about ...........
Assessing Quality of Life during COVID-19 Outbreak among a Vulnerable Population with Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Tounsi Aicha , Benzahra Siham , Nafiaa Hind , Ouanass Et Abderrazzak
Published: June 2022

Background: Individuals monitored for pulmonary disease represent a particularly vulnerable population to the Coronavirus. They present, prior to any COVID 19 exposure, a respiratory condition that could be complicated by a contamination with this virus. Thus, any exposure to this virus might have an impact on their health and their quality of life. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate health-related quality of life in this population during the Covid-19 pandemic; to analyze the associations of mental and physical quality of life measures with sociodemographic, physical, and psychological parameters; and to determine whether the Covid-19 pandemic and the related measures were associated with an immediate change in these scores. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study, conducted between May and June 2020. Quality of life assessment was carried out using the HRQoL SF 12 Health-Related Quality of Life Scale, and data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: Of the 78 patients included, 41 (52.6%) were male with a predominance of the age range above 60 years (35.9%). The mean of the physical quality of life score PCS-SF12 was 33.16 (±12.64), and the mean of the mental quality of life score MCS-SF12 was 41.64 (±13.14). Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in mental quality of life scores according to gender, education level, employment status prior to lockdown, asthma diagnosis, duration of follow-up for lung disease, follow-up for psychiatric pathology, and worsening of symptoms due to Covid-19 pandemic situation. Conclusion: While the quality of life of patients with lung disease is severely impacted by the nature of their illness, the pandemic and containment measures have exacerbated the situation. Psychological support is still needed to improve their mental health and thus their care.
Outcomes of Acute ST-Elevation Cardiac Disease in a Tertiary Level Hospital in Bangladeshi Young Adults' Risk Factors and Consequences
Authors: Baset Dr. Md. Abdul , Rahman Dr. Mohammad Motiur , Begum Dr. Mst. Mousumi Marjiara
Published: June 2022

Background: AMI happens earlier and more often in South Asians compared to Western populations. In Bangladesh, very little information is known about the connections between avoidable risk factors and outcomes of AMI in young people. This research aims to discover risk variables and the in-hospital results of AMI among those under the age of 40 in Bangladesh. Methods: A cohort study of individuals with an acute case of Acute ST-Segment Elevation MI (STEMI) was done, which examined all patients aged under 40 and over 40 years of age in successive groups of 50. The clinical findings, biochemistry data, nutrition, and echocardiography result of the participants were compared against each other, including an examination and hospitalization outcomes. Regression analysis was done to determine the risk factors related to a patient's hospital-based treatment, controlling for other confounding variables previously discovered. Results: Young and older patients were about 36.5 and 57 years old, respectively. The most striking factors contributing to the greater incidence of AMI in the younger group were their age (OR 3.4, 95% CI 1.2–9.75), smoking (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.04–5.62), family history of myocardial infarction (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.11–5.54), homocysteine (OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.08–1.36), and frequent consumption of rice (OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.15–10.6). Lastly, beef consumption (OR 4.5, 95% CI 1.83–11.3) also contributed to a greater AMI risk. Older patients were considerably more likely to experience heart failure (a 70% higher probability), reinfarction (a 50% higher chance), arrhythmia (a 70% higher chance), and cardiogenic shock (a 6-fold larger risk) in multivariate analysis. Conclusion: Young AMI patients tend to have better outcomes in the hospital than their older counterparts since they have a distinct risk profile. To help Bangladesh youth avoid life-shortening diseases, Bangladesh should reduce avoidable risk factors, such as smoking, bad food, obesity, and poor ......
Resilience and the COVID-19 Epidemic
Authors: Berrada H. , Azraf F. , Laboudi F. , Ouanass A.
Published: June 2022

Introduction: The 2019 corona virus epidemic (COVID -19) is a public health emergency of international concern that is impacting our mental health. Mood disturbances, anxiety attacks, post-traumatic symptoms ... This poses a challenge to psychological resilience. Research data is needed to develop evidence-based strategies to reduce unwanted psychological impacts and psychiatric symptoms during this pandemic. Objectives: The objective of our study was to assess the degree of resilience among the Moroccan population due to the covid-19 pandemic perceived as a life threatening situation. Methodology: This is a descriptive and analytical observational study with prospective data collection through a questionnaire on Google forms including socio-demographic variables and the Connor and Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. Results: Our sample is characterized by a young population, 50.6% of our population had an age between 20 and 30 years of which 74.2% are female, and 62.2% are single, inhabitants in 95.5% of cases in urban settings.48.7% of participants were students, 97.4% had higher education level 26.6% of participants had medical-surgical history. 8% had psychiatric history.17, 6% had a substance use disorder. 1.5% of our sample had a score between 0 and 23, i.e. low resilience. 97% of our sample had a score between 30 or more, i.e. high resilience. 1.5% of our sample had a score between 24 and 29, which is average resilience. Regarding the analytical results, we note that women, with a young age and a higher level of education have a high level of resilience with a statistically significant P (p <0.05). Conclusion: The corona virus epidemic is a public health emergency hence the importance of psychological resilience.
Discussion to New Industrial Development in Africa I
Authors: Xu Run
Published: June 2022

The present and future trends from primary to tertiary industries are analyzed in detail. Put forward the implementation of agricultural mechanization, automobile manufacturing and mobile phone suggestions, and put them into practice. Specific response measures are pointed out in these large equipment, indicating that they are urgently needed to run the factory products. In additional wind generator and photovoltaic generator shall be established in Africa in order to promote new and non contamination energy. Due to its low labour and undeveloped industry many opportunity will await us to mine its countless challenge. Like south Africa they can live together with better status therefore the immigrant to south Africa has been our dream because of their development. So if endeavor is imported many new project will be found by us together. Let us continue to pay attention to Africa for better benefit and common development. In Africa the photovoltaic business makes a 3.5% in 2018 [1].
Peranan Senyawa Kompleks dalam Bidang Medis: Literatur Studi
Authors: Nasution Muhammad Sholeh Kurniawan
Published: June 2022

Pendahuluan: Senyawa kompleks memegang peranan penting dalam kehidupan manusia karena aplikasinya dalam berbagai bidang, salah satunya medis. Senyawa kompleks banyak digunakan sebagai agen anti-mikroba, agen anti-tumor, dan agen anti-inflamasi. Tujuan: Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peranan dan penerapan senyawa kompleks dalam bidang medis. Logam memiliki peranan besar dalam perkembangan kimia terutama bidang obat-obatan. Metode: Kajian ini merupakan studi pustaka (review), kajian ini difokuskan pada artikel-artikel hasil penelitian yang melaporkan mengenai aplikasi senyawa komples dalam bidang medis berupa sintesis senyawa kompleks dalam bidang medis, fungsi senyawa kompleks dalam bidang medis, proses penggunaan senyawa kompleks dalam bidang medis serta keuntungan dan bahaya penggunaan senyawa kompleks dalam bidang medis. Hasil: Penerapan logam dalam bidang medis tidak dapat dilepaskan dari sifat logam yang unik terutama Senyawa Kompleks dibandingkan penerapan bahan organik dalam bidang medis. Sehingga masih luas sekali pengembangan obat yang akan terjadi di masa depan dengan bahan Senyawa Kompleks.  Kesimpulan: Obat-obatan logam pasti akan mengambil bagian penting dari pengembangan obat untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien.
Audit Sistem Informasi Pendataan Tingkat Kepuasan Masyarakat terhadap Sistem Layanan Program Vaksinasi pada Masa Pandemi dengan Standar Cobit 4.1
Authors: Heryanto Yudi , Manuputty Augie David
Published: June 2022

Pendahuluan: Dalam masa pandemi sulitnya mendapatkan informasi mengenai layanan program vaksinasi dan sulitnya mendapatkan informasi mengenai rumah sakit untuk isolasi untuk passien yang positif Covid-19 yang ada di kabupaten pemalang. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui tingkat kepuasan masyarakat terhadap sistem layanan vaksinasi pada masa pandemi dan mengetahui rumah sakit yang bisa buat isolasi pasien positif covid-19. Metode: Metode yang digunakan adalah observasi dan kuesioner. Framework yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan COBIT versi 4.1 khusus pada domain manajemen data (DS). Teknik Pengumpulan ini dimaksudkan sebagai alat untuk memudahkan pengumpulan data dalam bentuk kuesioner. Kuesioner menggunakan panduan Cobit 4.1 dan memerlukan proses dalam domain Cobit untuk mengajukan pertanyaan. penentuan indikator dan pemetaan tingkat kematangan. Hasil: Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kematangan (maturity level) pada masyarakat pemalang khusus pada domain DS yaitu berada pada level 5 yang berarti sudah terukur dan terintegrasi antar proses yang berlangsung. Dan sasaran pelaksanaan vaksinasi minimal sebesar 70%. Kesimpulan: Proses audit sistem informasi pendataan tingkat kepuasan masyarakat terhadap sistem layanan program vaksinasi yang berjalan di Kabupaten Pemalang dengan menggunakan standar Framework COBIT 4.1 khusus pada domain deliver and suppot (DS) yang terutama pada proses DS3.1, DS1.1, DS12.5, DS12.2, DS2.4.
МЕТОДИ ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ КОНЦЕНТРАЦІЇ МОЛОЧНОЇ КИСЛОТИ У ХАРЧОВИХ ПРОДУКТАХ
Authors: Давидович О. Я. , Спринь Х. Р.
Published: June 2022

Анотація. На сучасному етапі додавання молочної кислоти в процесі виготовлення продуктів харчування є надзвичайно поширеним не лише в Україні, але і у всьому світі. Висока біодоступність та багатогранність технологічних дій обумовлюють затребуваність цієї добавки в різних галузях харчової промисловості. Так, молочна кислота використовується як консервант, антиоксидант та регулятор кислотності під кодом харчової добавки Е 270 і є важливим компонентом багаточисельних продуктів харчування. Для визначення її концентрації на сьогодні використовують колориметричний, спектрофотометричний, флуорометричний, ензиматичний методи та високоефективну рідинну хроматографію. Через те, що сама по собі кислота молочна є присутня у всіх кисломолочних продуктах (внаслідок молочнокислого бродіння), а також її активно використовує велика частина виробників цих продуктів для підтримання балансу кислотності протягом оптимально визначеного терміну, є доцільним дослідити її концентрацію у цих продуктах. З цією метою було відібрано 5-ть зразків йогуртів 2,5 % жирності, а кількість молочної кислоти визначали двохстадійним ензиматично-хімічним методом із утворенням Берлінської блакиті (ББ). Цей метод запатентований співробітниками відділу аналітичних біотехнологій НАН України і застосовується для вимірювання рівня даної сполуки у різноманітних харчових продуктах та біологічних рідинах. Метод ґрунтується на використанні ФЦ b2, його субстрату (лактату) і фериціаніду (Fe3+). Встановлено найбільшу концентрацію L-лактату у йогурту Польського полуниця з шматочками фруктів ТМ Mlekovita – 125,6 ммоль/л, а найменшу – у йогуртів з наповнювачем «Полуниця» ТМ Дольче Lactel та з наповнювачем фруктовим «Полуниця» ТМ Простоквашино – відповідно 64,75 і 64,0 ммоль/л. Необхідно зазначити також: проаналізувавши склад відібраних зразків йогуртів встановлено, що для регулювання кислотності виробники використовують лимонну кислоту та її солі, а саме: цитрат натрію. Таким чином, визначена кількість молочної кислоти у відібраних зразках йогуртів накопичилася під час молочнокислого бродіння. У результаті проведених експериментальних досліджень нами доведено, що метод ФЦ b2-ББ є точним та економічно вигідним, оскільки не вимагає великих затрат на реактиви та є зручним у використанні в аналітичній практиці. У перспективі є доцільним проведення дослідження концентрації молочної кислоти зазначеним методом і в інших харчових продуктах, технологічною схемою виробництва яких передбачено необхідність оцінки перебігу молочнокислого бродіння і відповідно тестування якості готової продукції.
The specificity of changes in key performance indicators of green algae of the family Scenedesmaceae under the influence of cerium
Authors: Cheban Larysa M. , Shcherbakov Alexander B. , Zholobak Nadiya M. , Marchenko Mikhailo M.
Published: June 2022

The effect of various concentrations (1 μM – 100 mM) of citrate-stabilized cerium dioxide nanoparticles or cerium ions (3+) on the biomass production of two species of unicellular green algae Desmodesmus armatus (Chod.) Hegew and Acutodesmus dimorphus (Turpin) Tsarenko was studied, the amount of chlorophyll, proteins and lipids in the algae biomass was determined. It was shown that at the concentrations of 0.01 M to 0.1 M nanoparticles and cerium salt have pronounced toxic effects on the algal cultures, manifested by a sharp increase in the level of lipids in the biomass combined with the decrease in chlorophyll and protein. At lower concentrations, cerium dioxide nanoparticles stimulate algae biomass accumulation, probably due to a change in key metabolic pathways, accompanied by an increase in the accumulation of carbohydrates in the biomass. For cerium salt, these effects are less pronounced. Thus, depending on the concentration of the objects used, it is possible to obtain an increase in the food biomass production enriched with lipids or carbohydrates as appropriate to the biotechnological objectives.
A Static Dynamic in African Politics
Authors: Zondi Siphamandla
Published: June 2022

Political developments in Africa continue to manifest that disjuncture between progress and stalemate. There continues to be a co-existence between change and stasis in many areas of African society. This is a sort of static dynamism where great hope inspired such developments as citizens electing new governments in countries like Malawi and Zambia, only to encounter deliberating despair marked by the destruction of Somalia by a ravaging terror-linked and externally driven conflict in the form of drones and bombings, the stubborn growth of terror in Mozambique, terror in the Sahel deepening. The incidence of political corruption put into the spotlight by the South African commissioning probing the so-called state capture, and the extradition of a former Mozambican finance minister for trial in the U.S. adds the gloom that threatens to dim hopes.
Delineating the Western Orders of Rights and Reason in Post‑Colonial Africa
Authors: Nair Aswathi A.
Published: June 2022

Adherence to the fundamental tenets of Human Rights and advocacy of Democracy are the two traditionally entwined Western expressions of rights and reason that any state has to comply with to be treated as an egalitarian state. The degree of democratization in any state is to be gauged by its ability to give its citizens a fairly acceptable form of governance and a slew of natural rights and legal safeguards against human rights abuses, from which the idea of justice is to flow. Many of the African and Asian countries, that became sovereign states through the 1980s and 1990s and consequently came to be hailed as formal democracies, in reality, have only had a very perfunctory degree of democratization. In such circumstances, human rights, without the existence of a real democratic structure to uphold and sustain it, does not effectively translate into a charter of rights but would merely be retained as a set of flexible norms. It is in this context that the proposed paper intends to address the impact of globalization of the principles and values associated with the concepts of democracy and human rights in post-colonial African states. It also aspires to inquire into the need for an element of universality in the dialogues on human rights and democratization, so that they do not get reduced to mere synonyms for Westernization. Further, the reality and ambivalence surrounding the consolidation of democratic virtues along with the observance of human rights are best reflected in the exemplification of how the Sub-Saharan African country of Zimbabwe operated its “democracy”; both under its longest-serving President Robert Mugabe and post his unceremonious ouster following the coup d’etat on 14 November 2017. It would be interesting to study the political economy of transition in a country like Zimbabwe that, during and after its leading figure Mugabe, continues to pledge allegiance to a nationalist, post-colonial and populist anomaly of being principally antithetical to imperialism in all its forms while also being an anathema to the precepts of democracy, justice and human rights in practice.
Emergency Continued
Authors: Beilings Christopher
Published: June 2022

This paper focuses on the themes expounded in Richard Rive’s novel, Emergency Continued. The novel is set in the heat of the State of Emergency sanctioned by the Apartheid state in the 1980s in response to the uprisings in Black and Coloured townships. Andrew Dreyer, a teacher and writer, is the protagonist of the story and is at odds with his sense of self, his belonging, his personal and social history, and his political agency. Using the theme of an uncertain subjectivity, this piece discusses the uneasy problematic that befalls the Coloured subject. There is a great deal that needs to be unpacked regarding Rive’s hint at an uneasy, traumatic and personalised past that his characters are at odds to face. These characters do, however, recognise that a historical reckoning is nonetheless necessary if any semblance of being is to be achieved. Colonialism and oppression have scared and corrupted the Coloured subject’s sense of self, belonging and political agency. This discussion has a relevance to the Coloured subject in a post-apartheid context as many of the complexities, histories and experiences that these individuals face are yet to be grappled with today. From a broader stance, this discussion is linked to theories of Afro-pessimism and the negated ontology beset upon Black bodies. The Coloured subject is however unique in that there is an implicit post-humanist aspect to being mixed race--the supposed product of colonial interaction. What is to be made of the unique experience of Coloured subjectivity? Can a sense of being be achieved through the seemingly impossible odyssey of historical reckoning?
Re-Thinking Pan-Africanism and African Integration
Authors: Gottschalk Keith
Published: June 2022

It is 129 years since an African-American journalist in Chicago coined the word “Pan-Africanism”. Pan-Africanism began as a gift of the diaspora to the African continent. These civil society initiatives in the diaspora culminated in an elaborate permanent, continental, state-centric institutionalisation, starting six decades ago with the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) in 1963. Its current dispensation is the African Union, and sub-regional organisations such as the Economic Community of West African States, the East African Community, and the Southern African Development Community. Diplomacy, peace-making, and economic integration have been prominent dimensions of Pan-African endeavours. As well as the continuing growth of African diasporas in countries ranging from the USA to China, we need to note the precarious position of growing intra-African diasporas in other African countries. Pan-Africanism will remain fragile until it can grow mass support, as opposed to being usually limited to intellectuals and some members of the ruling elites. African integration has not yet achieved the extraordinary supra-national aspirations enunciated in its treaties. Taken literally, they would require such significant concessions of national sovereignty as to amount to a post-Westphalian dispensation. But dense, overlapping networks of inter-governmental organisations, and continental NGOs, continue to proliferate and have substantial successes to date. These range from multi-lateral peace-enforcement expeditionary forces, to free trade areas and the start of common markets. Diplomatic alliances mark the essence of most sub-regional organisations and explain why they continue to thrive, notwithstanding the “spaghetti bowl” incomprehension of some economists and law scholars about their entanglement. We can confidently predict the continued growth of inter-governmental organising, sub-regional and continental NGOs, and Pan-African corporate expansion of an order of magnitude above what currently exists.
Unmasking the Diversionary Global Imperial Designs in the Invasion of Libya in 2011, ten years on, and counting
Authors: Nyere Chidochashe
Published: June 2022

In this article, I analyse the machinations of Western modernity that were manifested in the 2011 Arab Spring protests in Libya. The principal objective of the paper is three-pronged. Firstly, I critically observe the reasons for the uprisings in Libya. Secondly, I critically analyse the Libyan government’s response to the protests. Lastly, I focus on the responses of the NATO-led so-called international community. The article employs a decolonial lens of analysis to address this three-in-one objective, on the basis that the current discussions on Libya's political impasse are deficient in addressing fundamental matters of intersections between regional, and global designs that fuelled the 2011 uprisings in Libya. I seek to answer why, fundamentally, was Libya targeted by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), if saving lives as it purported was not achieved, and the intervention only exacerbated the conflict and increased the death toll as a result? The qualitative methodology is used and the paper uses secondary sources that are available in the public domain. The findings are that the Libyan invasion was a targeted and selective application of the legal norm of the responsibility to protect doctrine (R2P), quasi-insulated from legal reproach by being sanctioned by the United Nations (UN). As such, the UN was used as a vehicle for the powerful located in the Global North to punish a member of the weak Global South. Therefore, the Libyan invasion by NATO forces further entrenched the colonial global power structural configuration of the Euro-North American-centric world.
Intra-Africa Student Mobility in Higher Education
Authors: Abura Mary
Published: June 2022

The editors of this timely volume on internationalization, Chika Trevor Sehoole and Jenny J. Lee, contextualized a burgeoning body of research that examines and distinguishes educational migration from the perspective of non-Western and economically developing nations.
Impression management techniques employed by listed companies on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange when using Twitter
Authors: Nkhi Naledi , Varachia Zakiyyah , Cerbone Dannielle
Published: June 2022

The study investigates if companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) use impression management techniques when disclosing earnings-related information on Twitter. A content analysis was followed as a research methodology to conduct the study. The findings indicate that Twitter is not widely used by listed companies to disclose earnings information. However, where Twitter is used, companies do employ impression management techniques. The impression management techniques differ depending on whether the earnings information distributed is positive or negative. This was evident as tweets with a positive tone were circulated much more than tweets with a negative or neutral tone. The use of self-presentational and dissemination patterns also differed significantly across the tone of tweets. Positive tweets contained more narratives compared to negative tweets, indicating that negative information is concealed. Negative tweets predominantly did not contain hashtags, once again indicating that companies often conceal negative information. Most positive and neutral tweets contained hashtags, illustrating that companies often use Twitteras a means to alter users’ perceptions towards a positive image. Understanding how companies use impression management techniques will assist users in interpreting and using the information shared. The research may also be beneficial to regulators who may consider drafting guidance and standards regarding the use of social media by companies.
New Black Optimism?
Authors: Jamal Ashraf
Published: June 2022

For all the opportunistic and/or pathological expressions of black life today, and the celebratory glow which surrounds it, there remains an art that is irreducible to the conflicts of its time, even when it galvanises its urgencies. In this paper I note the exceptionality of Henry Ossawa Tanner, who captured the tenderness and profundity of familial love, and the importance ofmutual care—a deep humanitarian seam which ran counter to the racism of the time. I point to the missteps of Titus Kaphar and Kehinde Wiley, the ingenuity of Kerry James Marshall, the sublimity of Lynette Yiadom Boake. Finally, and fundamentally, I ask you to reconsider the persistently misunderstood and misperceived South African painter Nelson Makamo. If his children possess an oneiric quality, it is not because they are projected fantasies, but because they are dreams realised in this future-present moment—as treacherous as it is generative.
Ngiyabonga belungu bami
Authors: Twala Phumzile
Published: June 2022

Considering how Black People are often seen/unseen as a monolith of ‘Black Bodies’ in township spaces in South Africa, I attempt tounpack what it looks like for Black People to blend into or stand out from contradictory, collective-led definitions of who/what Black people are in these spaces. By exploring where the individual Black Self meets the collective and how this delineation is blurred, I aim to delve further into notions of individuality and how these seep into a real or imagined whole. What does it take to be ‘kasi’? Whowants to be known as ‘kasi’? Who is ‘uDarkie ekasi’? As an arts practitioner developing an interdisciplinary praxis, I’m keen to explore these kinds of identity politics through the lens of translanguaging and township-based experiences and expressions. My aim is for this text to offer alternative insights into the intersection of ‘Black Bodies,’ the various notions associated with how ‘Black People’ are perceived, and their self-perceptions within township spaces.
Curating in the Dark
Authors: Setai Phokeng
Published: June 2022

The last forty years have seen substantial market attention being directed towards the aesthetic practices of Black Africanartists. Causing an exponential rise in expenditure on Black cultural production circulating in the global economy, stimulated by neoliberal interests seeking to capture extant vernacular of Black African subjectivity. Such particularistic articulations of Black subjectivity have, over time, become commodified—instrumental to their commodification has been the removal of thesepractices from the cultures in which they were inherited (Gilroy, 2000:249). This paper delves into the machinations of this trend and interrogates by means of critical speculation how nascent curatorial constructs and discursive models may engender alternatives for engaging with Black modes of artistic production. The paper proposes a method of ‘curating in the dark’, a speculative, multi-vocal dialogic praxis and non-linear approach that seeks to intervene into bankrupt models of curating or engaging with Black art. Curating in the dark is geared towards expanding the scope of what we understand Black art to be in the spectrum of current global artisticpractices, and what it can also still become. Furthermore, this avowedly speculative inquiry seeks to disempower the neoliberal art system’s modalities of capturing Black artistic practices and cultural patterns in the present.
Between Pop and Expressionism
Authors: Christian Sven
Published: June 2022

Satire is meant to problematise the way we see things. If it doesn’t, it risks re-enforcing what it set out to critique. In 2019, Athi Mongezeleli Joja raised this concern, arguing that despite Vusi Beauchamp’s desire to ‘take away the power’ that racial stereotypes have ‘over black Africans,’ his use of such iconography ultimately ‘ends up misnaming, if not underestimating the power of the thing he thinks he’s undermining.’ While doubtful that Beauchamp underestimates the power of such tropes, I want to foreground the possibility that he is not being heard in the way he wants to be, drawing on the understanding that his art came about as ‘sort of regurgitating something that [he] always knew but never had words for.’ It is within this corporeal vein—this space of no words—that I’d like to discuss Beauchamp’s work, for while much attention has been paid to his iconography, it is the specificity of his experience and his treatment thereof that is often overlooked, if only by virtue of the sheer toxicity of his subject matter. Here Elizabeth Alexander’s paper “Can you be BLACK and look at this?” is particularly instructive, suggesting that experience ‘can be taken into the body via witnessing and recorded in muscle memory as knowledge,’ or what Hortense Spillers calls ‘a kind of hieroglyphics of the flesh.’
For Ambivalent Black Figures
Authors: Gamedze Thulile
Published: June 2022

Black figures have appeared for almost as long as Black ‘figures’ have been. The speculative proposition of this piece is thatnot all Black figures today are equal before the violence of the contemporary art marketplace. Numerous practices involving Black figuration go unrecognised commercially, remaining “in the dark,” less comprehensible, although potentially offering possibility beyond the static of this new aesthetic status-quo. I propose that marketable Black figures are those that visually (whether or notrhetorically) adhere to sustained taxonomies of the neoliberal world; figures rooted in the mantra of representation ‘mattering.’ Engaging Garth Erasmus’ State of Emergency series (1985 - 1989), and Randolph Hartzenberg’s Map of the Neighbourhood series (1996 - 2004), the text studies less profitable practices of Black figuration, concerned with matter/s other than representation. Moved beyond the disturbing identity erotica of neoliberal post-apartheid South Africa, both practitioners, rejecting mainstreamed taxonomies, are continually invested in the body inasmuch as it operates as a vessel for forms of opened (and I argue Black Conscious) political, philosophical, spiritual, and social life. Their figures may be ‘furtive’ or on the move - they appear with ambivalence, opacity, and do not present themselves as knowable. If not free, they remain un-captured, unpredictable.
Darkness Pass
Authors: Hardy Stacy
Published: June 2022

In the title for his most recent book, Out of the Dark Night (2021), Achille Mbembe echoes Aimé Césaire, who describes the postcolony as an enervated landscape, seen and felt ‘at the end of the small hours.’ From this liminal time-space—betwixt what Césaire calls ‘the strand of dreams and the senseless awakening’—Mbembe rejects both nihilistic suspicion (toward language, identity, meaning), and the false oases of scientific-epistemological certainty. Threading their twilight perspectives through the nocturnal lens of Édouard Glissant’s opacity, Andrew Culp’s ‘Dark Deleuze,’ Jason Mohaghegh’s philosophy of the afterdark, Fred Moten’s fugitivity, and more, I explore night as a third route beyond the tabulations of masochistic skepticism and sadistic truth. Working between fact and fiction, autobiography and critical theory, I delve into the fascinating paradoxes of nocturnal experiences through the tactics of some of its most dynamic practitioners, those post-apartheid artists, writers, and musicians who reject both the glaring fallacies of rainbowism and the self-defeating nihilism of afro-pessimism; those who keep strange hours and navigate the hidden potentialities of the after-dark: the thief, the runaway, the dreamer, the drunkard, the insomniac, the revolutionary, the prophet, the madwoman, the sorcerer, and the trickster.
Substantiation of the depth of hardening of the layer of the flat surface of the part depending on the speed of impact interaction with the fraction
Authors: Zhitnikov Yu.Z. , Zitnikov B.Yu. , Matrosov A.E.
Published: June 2022

The mathematical dependence of the rate of interaction of the shot with the surface of the part on its mass and the physical and mechanical properties of the material of the part and the shot is substantiated. The influence of these parameters on the depth of the hardening layer during shot peening was studied.
ЧЕЧЕНЦЫ-УЧАСТНИКИ ВЕЛИКОЙ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОЙ ВОЙНЫ
Authors: Саидов И.Х. , Цуцулаева С.С.
Published: June 2022

В годы Великой Отечественной войны Чечено-Ингушская АССР мобилизовала на борьбу с врагом десятки тысяч воинов. Среди них было множество чеченцев и ингушей, показавших чудеса храбрости на поле боя. Но, к сожалению, трагическая судьба депортированных народов не могла не отразиться на дальнейшей военной службе наших воинов. Именно графа «национальность» стала тем непреодолимым препятствием, которое не позволило по достоинству оценить ратные подвиги вайнахов. В наше время активно ведется поисково-исследовательская работа по выявлению бывших фронтовиков из числа чеченцев. Особенно хорошо эта работа прослеживается в стенах исторического факультета, где студенты вместе с преподавателями осуществляют поиск ветеранов в различных уголках нашей республики. В данной статье представлено несколько фамилий участников Великой Отечественной войны. Все они с честью выполнили свой воинский долг, освобождая города и села не только своей страны, но и Европы от коричневой чумы. Многие из них дошли до Берлина. В статье привлечен огромный документальный архивный материал, что, несомненно, придает работе дополнительную ценность.
ТОРГОВЫЕ СВЯЗИ ГОРЦЕВ В XVIII – ПЕРВОЙ ПОЛОВИНЕ XIX ВЕКА
Authors: Тужуева Х.Х. , Гелаева З.А.
Published: June 2022

В данной статье анализируются вопросы, связанные с экономическим положением чеченцев в XIX – начале XX в. Рассматриваются связи народов Северо-Восточного Кавказа с горцами, а также с главными экономическими центрами – Кизляром и Моздоком. А также товарно-денежные отношения, развитие торговли и процветание рыночных отношений. Несмотря на сложный период в истории региона, взаимоотношения горцев с русскими в дальнейшем прогрессируют.
ИХ ИМЕНАМИ НАЗВАНЫ УЛИЦЫ ГОРОДОВ
Authors: Эльдиев А.Д. , Гайтамирова С.А.
Published: June 2022

В статье рассматривается героизм летчика-истребителя Абухова Константина Васильевича, уроженца Чеченской Республики, который своим подвигом при¬близил разгром гитлеровцев в Великой Отечественной войне 1941 – 1945 гг. и чьё имя носит одна из улиц города Грозного.
ПРОБЛЕМЫ ВХОЖДЕНИЯ ГОРСКИХ НАРОДОВ КАВКАЗА В СОСТАВ РОССИИ В 18 – 19 ВЕКАХ В ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОЙ И ЗАРУБЕЖНОЙ ЛИТЕРАТУРЕ
Authors: Ибрагимов В.Т. , Хатуев И.З.
Published: June 2022

В настоящей статье предпринята попытка провести анализ наиболее характерных исследований из отечественной и зарубежной литературы, касающихся проблем вхождения горских народов Кавказа в состав России на протяжении 19 – 20 веков. В статье приведены разные точки зрения исследователей на историю установления связей между Российским государством и народами Кавказа; рассмотрены причины вооруженного противостояния сторон; показана острая борьба между региональными державами – Российской империей, Османской империей и Ираном – за обладание кавказским регионом. На основе исторической литературы отечественных и зарубежных авторов приведены примеры добрососедских, а иногда и союзнических отношений кавказских народов с Россией.
ВТОРАЯ МИРОВАЯ ВОЙНА: «МЯГКАЯ СИЛА» В ПРЕОДОЛЕНИИ СОВРЕМЕННЫХ ВОЙН ПАМЯТИ
Authors: Мусхаджиев Б.С. , Мусхаджиев С.Х.
Published: June 2022

Вторая мировая война занимает ключевое место в современном европейском дискурсе политики памяти, и во многом от эффективных практик организации диалога памяти в контексте народной дипломатии зависит не только архитектура международной безопасности, но и будущее современного мира.
Peran Enzim Xilanase Sebagai Biokatalis Pada Proses Refining Kertas Bekas Sebagai Bahan Baku Kertas Coklat
Authors: Adani Afi Alif
Published: June 2022

Refining merupakan proses pemberian aksi mekanis terhadap serat agar mengalami fibrilasi guna meningkatkan daya ikat antar serat dan mengoptimalkan sifat fisik kertas (Physical Properties). Perpaduan antara proses refining secara mekanis dengan penambahan enzim disebut biorefining. Proses refining dilakukan dalam skala laboratorium dengan menggunakan Valley Beater. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan enzim xilanase sebagai biokatalis proses refining pada bahan baku kertas bekas. Bahan baku kertas bekas yang digunakan adalah LOCC (Local Old Corrugated Container) dan EOCC (Europe Old Corrugated Container). Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengujian Freeness dengan menggunakan Canadian Standart Freeness (CSF) tester untuk mengetahui derajat giling dan pengujian sifat fisik kekuatan kertas (Pgysical Strength Properties) meliputi Bursting, Ring crush dan Tensile. Variasi dilakukan pada waktu penggilingan (Beating Time) yaitu, 0 menit, 5 menit, 10 menit dan dosis enzim yang ditambahkan yaitu, 0 PPM, 100 PPM, 200 PPM, dan 300 PPM dengan waktu kontak 40 menit. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa enzim xilanase yang digunakan sebagai biokatalis pada proses refining kertas bekas dapat meningkatkan sifat fisik kekuatan kertas (Strength Properties). Peningkatan Strength Properties paling tinggi untuk Bursting diperoleh pada komposisi dosis enzim 300 PPM dan beating time 10 menit dengan nilai 4,326 kPa.m2/g. Untuk Tensile diperoleh pada komposisi dosis enzim 100 PPM dan beating time 10 menit dengan nilai 63,002 N.m/g. Serta untuk Ring Crush diperoleh pada komposisi dosis enzim 300 PPM dan beating time 5 menit dengan nilai 22,558 N.m/g.

Kata Kunci : Biorefining, Enzim Xilanase, Kertas Bekas