bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrating Technology for Safer, Sustainable, and Efficient Transportation on Smart Highways
Authors: Singh Er. Mahip
Published: June 2024

Abstract: Smart highways represent a transformative approach to modern transportation, integrating advanced technologies to enhance safety, sustainability, and efficiency. This review explores the key technologies involved in smart highways, including the Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI), and their applications in traffic management, road safety, predictive maintenance, and environmental monitoring. IoT enables real-time data collection and communication, facilitating dynamic traffic control and early hazard detection. AI enhances traffic flow optimization, hazard prediction, and autonomous vehicle support. The review also addresses the challenges of implementing smart highways, such as high costs, technological interoperability, data security, and public acceptance. Future trends highlight the growing role of autonomous vehicles, advanced sensors, renewable energy integration, 5G communication networks, smart materials, and blockchain technology in further revolutionizing smart highways. The findings underscore the potential of smart highways to significantly improve transportation systems, offering a more adaptive, efficient, and eco-friendly infrastructure.
Advancement in Water Treatment
Authors: Kumari K. Siva
Published: June 2024

Abstract: Access to clean drinking water is a global challenge, with many communities facing issues of water contamination. To address it, our project proposed a GPS-based monitoring and purification system. This innovative solution utilizes GPS technology alongside components such as the ESP32 microcontroller, turbidity sensor, pH sensor, LCD display, buzzer, GSM module, relay module, motor, and water filters to provide direct monitoring and purification of water sources. The GPS module enables precise location tracking and mapping of water sources, empowering users for monitoring water quality in specific areas. The ESP32 microcontroller coordinates the functions of various sensors and modules. The turbidity sensor and pH sensor detect impurities and pH levels, providing crucial data for purification. The LCD display provides real-time feedback, while the buzzer alerts users to emergencies. The GSM module allows for direct monitoring and controlling via SMS alerts.
Value chain model of the smoked fish industry in small island
Authors: Kakerissa Ariviana , Hiariey Johanis , Abrahamsz James , Lopulalan Yoisye
Published: June 2024

A fishing industry value chain model identifies production, distribution, and marketing stages that enhance the value of fishery products. It aids in cost breakdown, process optimization, and gaining a competitive advantage. The study links activities from fresh fish to smoked fish, tracking the entire process to the final consumer and identifying all involved actors. Quantitative and qualitative methods analyze data, determining production costs, selling prices, added value, and ratios in each distribution channel. Findings reveal six key players in the smoked fish value chain: fishermen, wholesalers, traders, processors/IKM, retailers, and consumers. Fishermen, wholesalers, and traders supply raw materials to processors/SMEs, which act as both producers and distributors. Retailers sell directly to consumers. Significant added value, exceeding 40%, suggests ample potential for growth in the smoked fish industry. The value chain model holds implications for fisheries in small islands with abundant natural resources, promoting increased efficiency, business sustainability, improved quality, social sustainability, enhanced added value, market development, monitoring, supervision, and strategic planning. Some policy recommendations from this study are expected to create a conducive environment for business sustainability, improved product quality, and added value in the smoked fish industry, as well as provide positive benefits to local communities and maintain market order.
Measuring productivity using Data Envelopment Analysis and Multiple-Objective Programming in flows, logistic and transportation
Authors: Amiri Maghsoud , Esmaeeli Jafar , Sharifi Mani , Zohrehvandi Shakib , Knapcikova Lucia
Published: June 2024

The logistic and transportation plays an integral part in maintaining a well-functioning organization. One of the most extensively used, original, famous, and popular non-parametric methods for evaluating the efficiency of organizations is the Data Envelopment Analysis, DEA technique. Suppose we can formulate the concept of effectiveness in the DEA technique. In that case, we will be able to measure the productivity of organizations since productivity is a blend of efficiency and effectiveness. Several studies have been developed, e.g., the “Malmquist Productivity Index” (MPI) and the “Lunberger Productivity Index” (LPI), which assess the productivity of corporations through the DEA technique, but these models do not display all factors in a system. Also, they need at least two periods to appraise productivity. Furthermore, their two components of efficiency and effectiveness are not considerably evident. Moreover, sensitivity analysis is not possible in these models. Therefore, a model was presented that can measure the relative productivity of decision-making units through the technique of DEA, simultaneously in a period through the two elements of efficiency and effectiveness with the feature of sensitivity analysis and its solution method is more reliable due to the use of multi-objective planning method. In addition, a case study was used to indicate the application of the proposed model, which demonstrated that a branch could be efficient but unproductive.
Health supply chain forecasting: a comparison of ARIMA and LSTM time series models for demand prediction of medicines
Authors: Mbonyinshuti François , Nkurunziza Joseph , Niyobuhungiro Japhet , Kayitare Egide
Published: June 2024

The ever-accelerating revolution along with digitalization of the healthcare industry has revealed the power of machine learning and deep learning prediction models in addressing health supply chain logistic issues. The purpose of this study was to predict the demand for medicines using autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) and long short-term memory (LSTM) time series models while comparatively analysing their performance for medicine demand prediction to optimize the flow of supplies in the health system. Using data generated in Rwanda public health supply chain, in our study focused on predicting the demand of the top five medicines, identified as highly supplied (amoxicillin, penicillin v, ibuprofen, paracetamol, and metronidazole). We evaluated the models’ outputs by root mean square error (RMSE) and the coefficient of determination, R-squared (R2). In comparison to ARIMA, the deep learning LSTM model revealed superior performance with better accuracy and lower error rates in predicting the demand for medicines. Our results revealed that the LSTM model has an RMSE value of 2.0 for the training set and 2.043 for the test set, with R2 values of 0.952 and 0.912, respectively. ARIMA has an RMSE value of 9.35 for the training set and 8.926 for the test set as well as R2 value of 0.24 and 0.16 for the training and test sets, respectively. Based on these findings, we recommend that the LSTM time series model should be used for demand prediction in the management of medicines and their flow within health supply chain due to its remarkable performance for prediction task when applied to the dataset of our study.
Development of a robotic handwriting assistant for children with movement disorder
Authors: Breton Ismael , Campeau-Lecours Alexandre
Published: June 2024

Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) impairs motor skills in children, particularly handwriting, which is a significant part of school activities and personal development. Current robotic assistants often lack a fully physical interaction or tangible result, thereby limiting their effectiveness in coordination development similar to handwriting. To address this gap, a robotic assistant capable of physical input and output could enhance development. This paper presents the development of a robotic handwriting assistant to aid children with DCD. The prototype is a planar robot controlled via a joystick capable of covering an 8.5" by 11" paper sheet. The paper provides insight into the causal real-world context of the prototype’s development and discusses the designs considerations, the conception and the control. It concludes with intial results and the future for the project.
Influence of seasons and environmental variables on methane dynamics in the Muthukuda Mangrove sediments of Tamil Nadu
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology, Jamal Mohamed College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli-620 020, India, Miriam Sheba V. , Jayaprakash J. ,   Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Bioinformatics, National college (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli-620 001, India, Nisha P.G. ,   Department of Physics, B.M.S. College of Engineering, Bengaluru-560 019, India, Balaji Prasath B. ,   Coastal and Marine Ecology Division, Gujarat Institute of Desert Ecology, Bhuj-370040, India, Debora S. ,   Department of Biotechnology, Jamal Mohamed College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli-620 020, India, Nargis Begum T. ,   Department of Biotechnology, Jamal Mohamed College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli-620 020, India
Published: June 2024

Aim: In order to understand the methane biochemistry in the Muthukuda mangrove ecosystem, this study aimed to report on methane production, oxidation, flux, and also to investigate the effect of seasons and environmental variables on methane dynamics. Methodology: Sediment analysis was carried out monthly for a year (2021-2022) from the Muthukuda mangrove, south-east coast of India, which is an unexplored region in terms of methane dynamics. Methane parameters methane concentration, methane oxidation, methane production and methanotrophic enumeration were analysed from the sediment samples collected by a PVC corer from the study site. The methane parameters were analysed using standard methods by gas chromatography. The physiological parameters were analysed on the site using portable probes. Results: The physio-chemical parameters varied with the changing seasons at different depths. The concentrations of organic parameters were higher for carbohydrates, followed by lipids and proteins. LOM was higher in the surface and mid sediments in all the seasons. The concentration of methane was higher during summer in surface sediments. Generally, higher methane oxidation was observed in the mid and bottom sediments during all the seasons. Methanotrophic enumeration ranged from 0.4 ±0.7 to 4.8±2.4 x108 g-1. Interpretation: The results suggest that the bacterial community was involved in both methane oxidation and production, though oxidation of methane was lesser than production contributing to the atmospheric methane, methanotrophic bacteria which oxidizes methane significantly playing a major role in the regulation of methane flux. Key words: Methane oxidation, Methanotrophs, Muthukuda mangrove
Urban green space availability and change patterns (a case study of Tbilisi, Georgia)
Authors:   Department of Geography, Ivane JavakhishviliTbilisi State University, 0179, Tbilisi, Georgia, Nikolaishvili D. , Kharebava N. ,   Department of Geography, Ivane JavakhishviliTbilisi State University, 0179, Tbilisi, Georgia, Tsitsagi M. ,   TSU, Vakhushti Bagrationi Institute of Geography, 0177, Tbilisi, Georgia
Published: June 2024

Aim: This research aimed to determine the distribution of different types of Urban green spaces (UGS) in Tbilisi districts, the distribution of access zones, the number of people who have access to UGSs, how current active housing construction affects UGSs and where reduction hotspots are located. Methodology: A 500-m buffer was set around UGSs. UGS changes were detected based on the NDVI from the 2017 and 2023 (June-August) PlanetScope imagery. The NDVI classification thresholds were -1 to 0.19 (nonvegetation), 0.19 to 0.5 (shrubs), and 0.5 or greater (trees). Thereafter, UGS patterns and reduction hotspots were determined in the district. Results: The percentage of access zones was lowest for Didube (5.4%) and highest for Nadzaladevi (14.7%). Chughureti (8.3%), Mtatsminda (8.8%), Isani (9.3%), and Gldani (9.9%) had similar numbers. The worst situation was observed in Samgori (8.9%) whereas the best situation was in Didube (69.8%). UGS degradation was high in Saburtalo (35.3%), and only a 0.6% decrease was found in Chughureti. Interpretation: UGSs are better distributed spatially and available to more people in "old" districts (Mtatsminda, Chughureti) and territories that were developed in the 1970s. The urban green spaces were neglected by contemporary urban sprawl. Though legislation has helped to preserve urban green spaces with status, but locations without status are victims of active development. Key words: Hotspots, Image analysis, Land use and land cover, Normalized difference vegetation index, Tbilisi, Urban green spaces
Expedition of Trichoderma formulations: Production to storage in India-A review
Authors:   Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003, India, Sudha A. , Praveen V. ,   Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003, India, Selva Amala A. ,   Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003, India, Ramalakshmi A. ,   Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003, India, Ramjegathesh R. ,   Department of  Plant Pathology, National Pulses Research Centre, Vamban-622 303, India, Anitta Fanish S. ,   Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003, India, Vimal S. ,   Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003, India
Published: June 2024

The usage of biopesticides is far less compared to chemical pesticides available in the market. Trichoderma is an effective biocontrol agent with a long history of success stories compared to all other available biocontrol agents. Application of Trichoderma formulation enhances the plant growth and is more effective in managing diseases of crop plants. In India, several popular products derived from different Trichoderma species have found commercial success among organic growers. In India, certain quantity of fruitful produces are from diverse class of Trichoderma hence, it must be commercialized. Many small and medium entrepreneurs have recently started producing biocontrol agents for commercial use, which has led to the introduction of numerous biocontrol products in the global market. This paper aims to review and discuss the carrier materials, mass production techniques, target diseases, recommended dose, application methods, storage and shelf life of Trichoderma formulations. The main obstacle inthe commercialization of bioproducts is reduced shelf life. Therefore, this review will explain the various types of Trichoderma formulations in several substrates and commercial viability of the substrates. Key words: Efficacy, Formulation, Substrates, Shelf life, Trichoderma
Acciones para la conservación de la comunidad de cangrejos que se desarrollan en áreas sometidas a la erosión costera en la playa Puerto Vargas, Parque Nacional Cahuita, Limón, Costa Rica
Authors: Max Laguna Cruz  , Lilliana Piedra-Castro
Published: June 2024

En el 2020, se llevó a cabo esta investigación en el sector de Puerto Vargas del Parque Nacional Cahuita, con el objetivo de investigar los procesos erosivos que afectan aproximadamente 8 km de la costa. Se revela una afectación en la comunidad de cangrejos que emplean las playas arenosas como hábitat. Por tanto, tales procesos cambian las características necesarias para la sobrevivencia del grupo. Se aplicaron entrevistas y se realizó un taller con los miembros del consejo local y funcionarios del Parque Nacional, con el objetivo de proponer acciones para la conservación de esta comunidad de cangrejos. Entre los principales resultados se encuentran las propuestas de manejo de las playas erosionadas para mitigar los impactos sobre las comunidades de cangrejos, tales como repoblar con arrecifes artificiales las zonas muertas de la cresta y restaurar el borde de playa mediante la siembra de especies vegetales: almendro de playa (Terminalia catappa), uva de playa (Coccoloba uvifera), icaco (Chrysobalanus icaco) y sangrillo (Pterocarpus officinalis).
Diversidad biológica y patrones de actividad de mamíferos del Corredor Biológico Alexander Skutch, Costa Rica
Authors: Jesús Alberto Herrera Mora
Published: June 2024

Los corredores biológicos surgen como una estrategia esencial para la conservación de la biodiversidad, constituyen la segunda estrategia de conservación más importante del país, solo superada por la de áreas silvestres protegidas. Facilitan el movimiento de fauna entre fragmentos de bosque, pero su efectividad depende de la evaluación de su conectividad. Este estudio se enfocó en mamíferos medianos y grandes en el Corredor Biológico Alexander Skutch. Se utilizaron datos de cámara trampa en nueve puntos entre 2020-2021. Se registraron 692 mamíferos de 21 especies, 14 familias y 8 órdenes, se incluyen felinos y alta presencia de perros domésticos. Especies como Dasyprocta punctata (cherenga), Philander melanurus (zarigüeya de cuatro ojos), Dasypus novemcinctus (armadillo de nueve bandas) y Didelphis marsupialis (zorro pelón), fueron abundantes, mientras que otras como Odocoileus virginianus (venado de cola blanca), Canis latrans (coyote), Herpailurus jagouaroundi (jaguarundi) y Mustela frenata (comadreja), menos comunes. La actividad fue principalmente nocturna o crepuscular. La detección de perros domésticos sugiere insuficiente protección en áreas bajas del corredor. Aunque la riqueza de especies fue alta y la presencia de felinos indica salud del ecosistema, la falta de conectividad podría afectar especies como el Puma concolor (puma). Los patrones de actividad coincidieron con estudios previos. Se concluye que es necesario mejorar la protección y la conectividad para la conservación efectiva de la biodiversidad en el corredor.
Historia natural y estado actual del conocimiento de los patos en México: amenazas y conservación
Authors: Jorge E. Ramírez-Albores
Published: June 2024

Los patos cuentan con una distribución natural amplia, son un grupo diverso en morfología y comportamiento. Sin embargo, estas aves están sometidas a fuertes presiones tanto ambientales como humanas que amenazan su permanencia, sin considerar que cumplen importantes funciones ecológicas como la regulación de poblaciones de invertebrados y malezas acuáticas, la dispersión de semillas, la mejora de la calidad del agua, entre otras. Por tal motivo, en este documento se realizó una revisión de literatura en bases de datos especializadas para describir el estado actual del conocimiento de los patos en México, se recopiló información referente a su biología y ecología publicada hasta el año 2023. Se clasificó cada publicación en 16 tópicos para determinar el estado del conocimiento y detectar vacíos de información. A pesar de ser un grupo de aves común, diverso, ampliamente distribuido a lo largo del país y de gran importancia ecológica y socioeconómica, los estudios sobre su ecología son muy escasos (n=100), siendo los patrones de distribución entre los tópicos más estudiados. La conservación de los ambientes acuáticos y la regulación de las actividades humanas son elementos clave para mantener la biodiversidad y la salud de los ecosistemas acuáticos. Esto nos permitirá establecer prioridades con fines de investigación y conservación para el grupo de aves en estudio.
Propuesta didáctica para el desarrollo de habilidades de liderazgo en personas parataxónomas
Authors: Alejandro Marín-Romero  , Warner Ruiz-Chaves
Published: June 2024

El escrito presenta una propuesta didáctica para el desarrollo de habilidades de liderazgo en personas parataxónomas con el fin de que se optimice el desempeño personal y profesional de esta población; al respecto, es importante indicar que la mejora de la labor de las personas colaboradoras es crucial en tiempos donde las organizaciones, entre ellas las ambientales, están inmersas en constantes cambios. Por esta razón, el desarrollo de habilidades como la comunicación, la colaboración, la alfabetización digital y el liderazgo, pueden ser una oportunidad para que desde el mismo personal se tengan las condiciones resilientes para afrontar de manera creativa los desafíos que se presenten; dado que la falta de desarrollo de estas podría llevar a un bajo desempeño de los parataxónomos, que afecta la capacidad para contribuir efectivamente a los objetivos y sostenibilidad de sus organizaciones, a su vez, podría ejercer un impacto directo en la eficacia de los esfuerzos de conservación y en la gestión sostenible de los recursos naturales. Para el caso particular, se diseñaron cuatro talleres, cada uno relacionado con las habilidades antes indicadas, donde se presenta una estrategia didáctica que promueva o fortalezca dicha habilidad. Se concluye que la propuesta didáctica representa una estrategia valiosa y estructurada para el desarrollo personal y profesional del personal parataxónomo, con el potencial de mejorar significativamente la eficacia organizacional y la conservación de la biodiversidad desde la labor que realiza la población destinataria.
UJI KADAR ABU PAKAN TERNAK DAERAH KABUPATEN SIJUNJUNG DENGAN METODE GRAVIMETRI
Authors: Komala Sari Irma Septia
Published: June 2024

Feed is anything that can be given as a source of energy and nutrients. The organic matter content of a feed depends on other components such as dry matter and ash. Gravimetry is a quantitative analysis used to determine the total ash content. This experiment used a completely randomized design.  Based on the observation table which presents many samples in Sijunjung, feed samples processed from various different brands meet good nutritional standards for animal nutrition according to SNI standards.
Bintan Image Formation via Instagram in The Pre- And Post-Covid-19 Pandemic Period: A Comparative Study Between Projected Image and Perceived Image
Authors: Taufiqqurrachman Taufiqqurrachman , Poti Jamhur , Sophia Uly , Afnira Ella
Published: June 2024

Several studies have proven that visual content uploaded on Instagram is a factor in forming destination images. On the other hand, tourists and local tourism authorities are two elements that form a destination image. This research aims to identify the image formation projected by local authorities and the image perceived by tourists through visual content uploaded to their official Instagram accounts in two time periods (before and after the COVID-19 pandemic). All visual content uploaded to their Instagram accounts was collected and analyzed using qualitative content analysis techniques to identify differences and similarities in the images formed by these elements in the two highlighted periods. This research found several things. First, various themes are exploited by these two elements in the production of visual content to be uploaded to their Instagram accounts, including natural attractions (AA), cultural attractions (AB), historical and religious buildings (BSK), tourist activities (TA), culinary and restaurant activities (CR), transportation and accommodation (AT), and local people (LP). Second, AA, TA, and AT are the dominant themes in the two periods (pre- and post-COVID-19 pandemic). Third, in the post-pandemic period, there was a significant decline in the population of visual content uploaded to the Genpi-Bintan account compared to the pre-pandemic period. On the other hand, local authority accounts saw an increase in the population of visual content in the post-COVID-19 pandemic period compared to the period before the pandemic. Theoretical and practical implications and several recommendations are presented at the end of this article.
Os Livros dos Espíritos: Uma Análise Comparativa entre a 1a, a 2a e até a 16a Edição
Authors: Lira Neto Luís
Published: June 2024

O Livro dos Espíritos é o livro basilar da Doutrina Espírita e, por isso, merece todo esforço em compreendê-lo em toda sua amplitude. Este artigo é um contributo ao entendimento da elaboração do Livro e do processo evolutivo do texto, para tanto, utilizou-se de análise comparativa para identificar os textos da 1a Edição de 1857 nas edições seguintes até a 16a de 1869, a última antes do desencarne de Kardec. De início foi analisada a participação de Allan Kardec na elaboração da obra, depois foi realizada análise comparativa das edições com a contagem das questões da 1a Edição, no todo ou em parte, aproveitadas na 2a Edição de 1860, resultando 74% de aproveitamento e que a 2a Edição está composta por 49% de novas questões e o destino das excluídas. Por fim, foi analisada a dinâmica evolutiva do texto com recomposições redacionais de temas e conceitos, com a conversão por Kardec de textos de estilo mais fluente em perguntas e respostas.
Incoerências doutrinárias na obra Evolução em Dois Mundos parte I: a questão do automatismo fisiológico
Authors: Fonseca Alexandre
Published: June 2024

Evolução em Dois Mundos, de autoria do Espírito André Luiz (AL), pela psicografia de Francisco C. Xavier e Waldo Vieira, é uma obra que introduz uma teoria sobre como o princípio inteligente (PI), da conceituação kardequiana, evolui através do contato com os seres vivos, dos mais simples até os mais complexos. A teoria propõe que o corpo espiritual dos seres vivos, desde os mais simples, se forma e registra em si as informações sobre os mecanismos fisiológicos que entretém e mantém suas vidas materiais. Nisso, AL propõe que o automatismo fisiológico do corpo humano seja decorrente de comandos do seu perispírito já que este teria em si, as informações sobre os mecanismos fisiológicos dos diversos seres vivos. AL pretende que sua teoria permita entender as razões do sofrimento das pessoas e a mensagem consoladora do Evangelho, já que o perispírito seria capaz de registrar desequilíbrios que no futuro comandariam a formação de corpos físicos doentes e deficitários. O presente estudo objetiva esmiuçar e esclarecer problemas doutrinários em torno desta obra de AL. Partindo de alguns princípios ensinados pela Doutrina Espírita (DE) sobre o fluido universal (FU), sua sensibilidade ao pensamento e vontade do ser inteligente e sobre o perispírito, como ele se forma e que alterações deve passar quando migra de ou para mundos materiais diferentes, mostro que a proposta de manutenção e gestão do automatismo fisiológico do corpo humano não pode depender da informação estar situada no perispírito ou, mesmo, no próprio PI. Mostro, também, que o equívoco da teoria de AL não implica em nenhum problema de natureza moral/evangélica com relação a lei de justiça, amor e caridade.
Characterization and Identification of Potent LMEs (Lignin Modifying Enzymes) Producing Fungi from Dang (Gujarat)
Authors: Bambharolia R. P. , Vyas Trupti K. , Deshmukh A. J. , Damasia D. M. , Vavdiya P. A.
Published: June 2024

Characterization and identification of potent LMEs (Lignin Modifying Enzymes) producing fungi from Dang (Gujarat) was conducted at Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Waghai in 2021-22, Fungal isolates LD1, LD4, LD5, LD9, LD15, LD19, LD20 and LD39 were screened for Lignin Modifying Enzymes (LME) on ABTS (2, 2 azinobis (3-ethylbenz-thiazoline)-6 sulphonate), Methyl orange and α- naphthol agar and observed that all the fungal strains showed color zone/clear zone on different indicator plates. However, fungal strain LD19 showed the highest potency index on both ABTS and methyl orange plates. Among the 8 selected fungal isolates, 5 produced all the three enzymes viz. laccase, lignin peroxidase (LiP) and manganese peroxidase (MnP), 2 produced two enzymes while 1 produced only one enzyme. Isolate LD19 had given maximum laccase activity at all the intervals and it was maximum at 6 DAI (206.74 U ml-1) followed by LD20 (144.79 U ml-1), LD4 (118.38 U ml-1) and LD15 (113.68 U ml-1). Maximum LiP activity was recorded in LD19 (1.314 U ml-1) at 8 DAI followed by LD1 (0.903 U ml-1) and it was lowest in LD39 (0.725 U ml-1). Maximum MnP activity was recorded in LD19 (428.65 U ml-1) at 8 DAI followed by LD39 (308.13 U ml-1), LD15 (290.18 U ml-1), LD4 (262.16 U ml-1) and MnP activity was not detected in LD1 and LD5. The highest LMEs were observed in LD19. Potential LMEs producing fungi LD19 wasidentified as Schizophyllum commune, by morphological, microscopic characteristics and molecular methods and submitted to NCBI GenBank database with accession numbers MW720154.
Effectiveness of bionematicide from Purpureocillium lilacinum in controlling root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.)
Authors: Swibawa I Gede , Fitriana Yuyun , Solikhin  , Fiandani Ambar , Suharjo Radix , Purnomo  , F.X. Susilo
Published: June 2024

This research aimed to study the efficacy of the fungus Purpureocillium lilacinum as a bionematicide to control root-knot nematodes (RKN). Two steps of experiments were carried out in this study. The first experiment involved the application of various levels of bionematicide doses to control RKN on tomato plants. The second experiment tested the application of bionematicide (both as a single application and in combination with bromelain compost) to control RKN on guava cv. Kristal. A carbofuran nematicide was applied following the company’s recommendation in this second experiment for comparison. The results of the first trial showed that the application of P. lilacinum bionematicide at doses ranging from 20–40 g per plant or 7–13 g per kg of soil was effective in reducing the J-2 RKN population in the soil and roots, as well as mitigating damage to plant roots. In the second experiment, it was shown that the application of P. lilacinum bionematicide, either alone or mixed with bromelain compost, was more effective than the application of carbofuran nematicide in reducing the J-2 RKN population in the soil and roots, as well as in minimizing root damage to guava seedlings. Additionally, the application of bionematicides mixed with compost proved more effective than their single application in reducing plant root damage. Furthermore, apart from being able to control nematode populations and plant damage, P. lilacinum bionematicide could stimulate plant growth.
Analisis Kemampuan Literasi Numerasi ditinjau dari Engagement Mahasiswa: Model Team Based Project Berbasis Virtual Ethnomathematic
Authors: Kiptiyah Siti Maryatul , Nugraheni Nursiwi , Agry Feylosofia Putri
Published: June 2024

Numeracy is the ability to use mathematical numbers to solve problems. Problem solving abilities can master students if they are fully involved in learning physically and emotionally. Student involvement in learning is meant to be engagement. So far, student engagement in learning during the pandemic and post-pandemic has decreased. This has impact on the low achievement of learning objectives. The aim of this article is to improve numeracy literacy skills in terms of student involvement as a form of implementation of the virtual Ethnomathematic-based Team Based Project. The research used Quasy Experiment method with data collection techniques through observation, questionnaires, numeracy literacy tests, and documentation. The population of this research is students of the geometry and measurement learning course class of 2022. The sampling technique used purposive sampling, 2 groups were selected. Determination of control and experimental classes was carried out randomly. Data analysis of learning outcomes uses t-test. The results of the research show that the learning method applied in the experimental group was more effective in improving students' skills of literacy and numeracy. There was an increase in student learning outcomes with more than 75% of students getting a score above 70. The increase in the completeness of student learning outcomes, increasingly the higher the student engagement, the higher the numeracy literacy ability.
SOSIALISASI DAN PEMANFAATAN APLIKASI CANVA DALAM PEMBUATAN DESAIN PROMOSI USAHA DI PASAR KREATIF REJOMULYO TANGGUH (PAK RT)
Authors: Farida Nurul , Rahmawati Dwi , Vahlia Ira , Sudarman Satrio Wicaksono , Linuhung Nego , Anwar Rahmad Bustanul
Published: June 2024

Introducing applications to create attractive business promotion designs for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises actors is important, so it is required from community service programs in the form of outreach and Utilization of the Canva Application in Making Business Promotion Designs. This service activity has the objectives of 1) providing knowledge about the benefits of the Canva application as a tool for making business promotion designs; 2) providing knowledge on how to make a business promotion design on the Canva application. The partners of this community service program are members of the Rejomulyo Tangguh Creative Market Rejomulyo Village, Metro Selatan District, Metro City, and will be held in August - October 2022. The approach taken is to conduct socialization and use the Canva application in making promotional designs. Business. From the results achieved, it can be concluded that the Socialization and Utilization of the Canva Application in Making Business Promotion Designs at the Rejomulyo Tangguh Creative Market is very useful for increasing public understanding about making business promotion designs to attract customers through the use of digital technology that can help the community to promote and market products and services widely without any distance and time limitations. With this activity, the target was achieved, namely increasing public understanding by utilizing the Canva application in making business promotion designs.
PENGABDIAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT MELALUI PENGAJARAN CALISTUNG PADA ANAK-ANAK DI KELURAHAN BUKIT BATREM KOTA DUMAI
Authors: Putra Zetra Hainul , Siregar Devi Tamara , Lufthi Gina Nabila , Fadilla Annurul , Bani Norsha , Jannah Miftahul , Qadri Sufilla Lailatul , Qisti Bill , Maulana Farhan , Livanof Fikri , Pratama Eriko Putra
Published: June 2024

This service was carried out in Bukit Batrem sub-district, East Dumai District, Dumai City, Riau Province. Bukit Batrem sub-district consists of 15 RTs, and community service is carried out at RT 007. The purpose of implementing this community service activity is to improve the reading, writing, and arithmetic skills (calistung) of low-grade elementary school children. From the results of interviews with the local community there were several children who had not been able to read, write and count well, especially in reading skills for children aged approximately 7 years. This Community Service activity is carried out using an interesting method by using learning media to increase the children's interest in learning calistung. The method used to apply the learning is direct action research method to children who have difficulty in reading, writing and arithmetic. This calistung program is carried out 5 days a week, namely for 1 hour at night. The results obtained from this community service activity are an increase in the calistung ability of children who take part in this program and an increase in their learning motivation.
Workshop Penyusunan Komik LKPD Berbasis Web Storyboardthat untuk Memfasilitasi Literasi Matematis Siswa
Authors: Yunarti Tina , Sutiarso Sugeng , Caswita Caswita , Coesamin M.
Published: June 2024

The workshop on preparing LKPD comics based on Web StoryboardThat to build students' mathematical literacy at the Pesawaran Middle School Mathematics MGMP, aimed to train teachers to make their own LKPD or comic-shaped teaching materials that are interesting and encourage students to increase their mathematical literacy to the maximum. The specific target is for junior high school mathematics teachers to have better skills in compiling learning media in the form of interesting and communicative LKPD comics. The method was used in the form of a workshop with the provision of materials, training, and practice in compiling storylines and comics for 10 hours on the first day. On days 2 to 7, participants continued preparing the LKPD Comics in their respective places, and discussions were held online. The target is to increase the ability of junior high school mathematics teachers to compile LKPD comics by paying attention to students' mathematical literacy components. This PKM activity is located offline at the Unila Mathematics Education Laboratory and on the WhatsApp group as an online discussion forum. Meanwhile, the results obtained from this activity are the preparation of 7th and 8th grade Middle School Mathematics LKPD comics which can facilitate students' mathematical literacy in Pesawaran Regency. PKM activities include filling out questionnaires, pretests, delivering material, training, and practicing preparing LKPD Comics, posttests, mentoring, making reports, disseminating, and publishing PKM results.
Bimbingan Teknis Penulisan Karya Tulis Ilmiah Bagi Guru Pendidikan Dasar dan Pendidikan Menengah se-Provinsi Lampung
Authors: Rosidin Undang , Hasnunidah Neni , Suyanto Eko , Setiawati Santy
Published: June 2024

The results of the needs analysis show that only 13.33% of teachers show high motivation in writing, especially scientific articles. However, 88.89% of teachers stated that they needed activities to improve their skills in producing scientific papers. To answer this need, it is necessary to provide community service in the form of technical guidance activities which aim to provide abilities and skills for primary education and secondary education teachers throughout Lampung Province in writing scientific papers and their publications. The series of activities are: (1) pretest to determine the teacher's knowledge about scientific writing, classroom action research, scientific articles, and publication of scientific papers; (2) presentation of material regarding scientific papers; (3) technical guidance on writing scientific articles from scientific papers; (4) technical guidance for the publication of scientific articles; and (5) posttest to determine the development of teacher knowledge and skills. Activities have been carried out with training, workshops and technical guidance by experts. The targeted output is increasing teachers' knowledge and skills in writing scientific papers, drafting scientific articles created by teachers/participants, as well as publication in community service journals. The results of the technical guidance show that this training activity is effective in improving the understanding and skills of primary and secondary school teachers regarding scientific writing. This is based on an increase in understanding of scientific writing in each question component.
Pendampingan Pengembangan STEM for Mathematics Learning bagi Guru Matematika Provinsi Lampung
Authors: Noer Sri Hatuti , Gunowibowo Pentatito , Triana Mella , Suryadinata Nurain
Published: June 2024

This community service aims to provide knowledge and skills for mathematics teachers throughout Lampung Province in developing STEM for mathematics learning. The planned series of activities are: Pretest to determine teachers' knowledge about the STEM approach, how to create mathematics learning designs using a STEM approach, and how to apply STEM in mathematics learning. Mathematics learning training and workshops with a STEM approach. Teacher assistance in creating mathematics learning designs with a STEM approach. Assistance in implementing learning designs that several model teachers have designed. Posttest to determine the development of teacher knowledge and skills. The results of this activity show that teachers' knowledge and understanding of STEM for mathematics learning is excellent, with an average of 89.15 from the ideal score of 100, and the minimum score has changed from the previous 17 to 67. In addition, teachers' knowledge and understanding of STEM for mathematics learning is also shown by an average N-Gain score of 0.71 or 71% and is in the high category.
Bölümleyici Kümeleme için Doğru Merkezi Noktaların Tayini
Authors: Özyer Sibel Tarıyan
Published: June 2024

Kümeleme, benzer nesneleri aynı kümede ve farklı nesneleri ayrı kümelerde sınıflandırmak için etiketlenmemiş veriler üzerine odaklanan denetimsiz bir veri madenciliği tekniğidir. Hemen hemen her alanda kullanılmaktadır. Özellikle bölümlü kümelemede kümelemedeki temel sorun, verilerin doğası ve küme sayısı hakkında herhangi bir bilgi olmadan, iyi ayrılmış doğal kümelerin elde edilmesidir. Farklı kümeleme süreçleri sonucunda birçok küme elde edilir. Fikir birliği kümelemesinden sonra daha doğru nihai kümeleme çözümüne ulaşılır.
Farklı yaklaşımlarla çeşitli kümeleme sonuçları elde edilebilmektedir. kümeleme algoritmaları, farklı performanslarla sonuç elde edilmesine yol açar. Bu çalışmada farklı çözümlerin daha iyi tek bir çözüme indirgendiği fikir birliği kümeleme sonucui sunulmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlara dayanarak kıyaslama yapılmıştır. Geleneksel bölümsel kümeleme algoritması ve çeşitleriyle çalışmamıza temel oluşturan bir diğer çalışma birlikte incelenmiştir. Farklı fikir birliği kriterleri ile gerçekleştirilen kümeleme sonuçları çeşitli veri setleri üzerinde uygulanarak incelenmiştir. Doğal kümeleme sonucu olarak küme sayısı değeri de belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Son olarak sonuçlarımızın k-ortalama algoritmasından daha iyi performansla çalıştığı gösterilmiştir.
Transfer Öğrenme Yaklaşımı Kullanılarak İzolatör Kusurlarının Tespiti
Authors: Özküçük Muhammed Buğracan , Alçin Ömer Faruk , Gençoğlu Muhsin Tunay
Published: June 2024

Elektrik enerjisinin iletimi ve dağıtımı, modern toplumların işleyişinde hayati bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu enerjinin güvenli ve kesintisiz bir şekilde taşınması, elektrik sistemlerinin sağlıklı bir şekilde çalışmasıyla mümkün olmaktadır. Ancak, elektrik iletim hatlarındaki kusurlar, sistemde arızalara ve enerji kesintilerine neden olabilmektedir. İzolatör kusurları, elektrik hatlarındaki en yaygın arızalar arasında yer almaktadır. Bu kusurlar, genellikle izolatör yüzeyindeki çatlaklar, kırıklar, erozyon veya kimyasal bozulmalar şeklinde ortaya çıkmaktadır. Son yıllarda, yapay zeka ve makine öğrenmesi teknikleri, izolatör kusurlarının belirlenmesi için alternatif bir çözüm sunmuştur. Bu alanda transfer öğrenme, özellikle dikkat çeken bir yaklaşım olarak ön plana çıkmaktadır. Bu yaklaşım, izolatör kusurlarının tespitinde kullanılan verilerden öğrenilen bilgilerin, yeni bir izolatördeki kusurların belirlenmesinde kullanılmasına olanak sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada izolatör görüntülerinden transfer öğrenme yaklaşımı kullanılarak izolatör türü ve sağlamlık durumu (normal/kusurlu) tespiti yapılmıştır. Bu problemlerin verimli çözümü için Çoklu Öğrenme yaklaşımı dikkate alınmıştır. Bu durumlar literatürde yaygın olarak kullanılan çok sınıflı görüntü veri setlerinde iyi başarımlar gösteren AlexNet, ResNet50 ve GoogLeNet gibi mimarilere giriş olarak uygulanmıştır. İzolatörün sağlamlık durumunun tespitinde en iyi doğruluk oranına % 97.674 ile AlexNet ve ResNe50 mimarilerinde ulaşılmıştır. İzolatör türünün belirlenmesinde en iyi doğruluk oranına % 90.698 ile ResNe50 mimarisinde ulaşılmıştır.
Çiğ Sütün Yağlılık Oranının Yakın Kızılötesi Spektroskopi Sinyalleri ile Tespit Edilmesi
Authors: Aydemir Tuğba
Published: June 2024

Süt endüstrisinde süt kalitesi hakkında bilgi veren temel parametrelerden biri sütün yağ oranıdır. Donanım ve yazılım alanındaki gelişmeler çiğ sütün içeriğinin belirlenmesinde hem pratiklik hem de yüksek doğruluk sağlayabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada geniş bir veri kümesi ile yakın kızıl ötesi spektroskopisi ölçümleri kullanılarak çiğ sütün yağlılık oranı az, orta veya çok yağlı olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Önerilen yöntem ile geniş bir ölçekte spektral ölçüm yapmak yerine sadece 46 spektral ölçüm değeri ile %82.32 oranında sınıflandırma doğruluğu elde edilebileceği gösterilmiştir. Sütün içeriği ürünün kalitesinin belirlenmesinin yanı sıra, ürünün fiyatının belirlenmesinde, beslenen ve süt veren hayvanların sağlığının izlenebilmesi hakkında da bilgiler verir. Bu çalışmada önerilen yöntemin pratik, yüksek doğruluklu ve üretilen sütün düzenli analizini yapabilmeye imkan tanıması ile sürünün sağlığını ve beslenme şeklinin uygunluğunu sürekli takip edilebilmesini olanaklı hale getireceği düşünülmektedir.
ÖZGÜN İSLAMI KURUMLARDAN OLAN VAKIFLARA GENEL BIR BAKIŞ VE VAKIFLARIN KATILIM BANKALARINA ALTARNATİF OLMA YÖNÜ
Authors: Celebcioğlu Ayşe
Published: June 2024

Osmanlı Devleti bir sömürge imparatorluğu olmadığından kurulduğu yıllardan itibaren sürekli mâli problemler yaşamıştır. Hatta bu durum hemen hemen tüm İslam toplumları için süregelen bir problem olmuştur. Bu konuya İslamın temel kaynaklarında yeralan “Faiz Yasağı” da eklenince durum iyice içinden çıkılmaz bir boyut sergilemiş, Müslüman toplumlar günümüz vahşi kapitalizminin gölgesinde kendilerine en uygun olanı bulmaya çalışırken, faize bulaşmama konusunda da âzami çaba göstermeye çalışmışlardır. Hal böyle olunca faizden uzak kalarak ihtiyaç duydukları fonları temin etmek gayesiyle İslam toplumlarında faize altarnatif bir çok yöntem bulunmuş olup; halen de en ideal olan yöntem bulunmaya çalışılmaktadır. Yani İslam Devletleri yeryüzünde hâla faize altanatif en uygun yöntemi net bir şekilde bulmuş değildir. Çünkü İslamın ilk ortaya çıktığı yıllardan başlayarak günümüze kadar uzanan bir süreçte, fıkhî tartışmalar hala devam etmekte ve müçtehitlerin aykırı yorumları hâla gündemi meşgul etmektedir.
READING THE RELATIONSHIP PUBLIC RELATIONS AND ECONOMICS BY THE MEDIATION OF THORSTEIN VEBLEN
Authors: Akansel İlkben
Published: June 2024

Social sciences have a wide range aspect. It means social sciences are interdisciplinary. Economics is the most important social science affecting human life. Because economics determines every incident of people’s lives. Although economics is related with demand, supply, firms, unemployment, rates, inflation etc. concepts, it needs to convince people to continue the capitalist system.
However, capitalism always finds a way to release the problem, so it did. Consequently, public relations were born to help out the economic crisis. Additionally, one person was able to see the corruption before it has started: Thorstein Veblen.
So, this study will focus on starting between general relationship between public relations and economics and the next point will be discussed about the foresights of Veblen. With his genius notions and their connection between public relations will help to enlighten how the capitalism works with both economics and public relations.
Pliocene Coal Geochemistry: Palaeovegetation and Palaeoclimate Distribution in Berau Basin, Indonesia
Authors: Hamdani Ahmad Helman , Sanusi Winantris
Published: June 2024

We investigated the distributions and concentrations of plant-derived aliphatic-aromatic biomarkers in the Pliocene coal seam from the Pliocene Sajau Formation (CSF) in Berau Basin, Indonesia. In all coal samples, the presence of these components is abundant and varied, reflecting the diversity of paleoflora species and ancient climate variations during coal sedimentation. The distribution of aromatic hydrocarbons was detected, including 1,2,7-Trimethylnaphthalene (TMN), 1,6,7-TMN, and 1,2,5-TMN, cadalene, retene, 1-methylphenanthrene (M.P.), 3-MP, Phenantherene, 1,2,-dimethylphenanthrene (DMP), 2,6-DMP, 2,7-DMP, 6-isopropyl-1-isohexyl-2-methylnaphthalene, and other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)—saturated biomarkers including oleanane, des- A-oleanane, bicadinanes, and C29 ααα 20R sterane. The distribution of higher-plant biomarkers indicated that gymnosperms relatively dominated the Lower part of CSF. In contrast, the upper part of CSF showed an angiosperm-dominated higher plant terrigenous organic matter. The most charred coal in the Lower part of CSF is predominantly composed of combustion-derived PAHs, such as Benzo[a] anthracene, fluoranthene, and benzofluoranthenes. We show the cold-warm-hot climate conditions in the Pliocene in the Berau Basin by clear evidence of the distribution of biomarkers and spore-pollen.