bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Violation of children’s rights during the war by the Russian Federation
Authors: Shvetsʹ Ya. , Sokolova I.
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to the study of violations of children’s rights by the Russian Federation during the armed aggression against Ukraine. The article analyzes the international documents on child protection, defines the concept of “child” in the understanding of international institutions. It was found that the special status of children and the need for their legal protection is declared in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child.

The international documents that provide for the protection of children’s rights during military aggression have been established, in particular, it has been determined that the Russian Federation systematically violates the norms of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, the Geneva Convention and the Hague Convention. Violations of the right to life and protection from torture, the right to security, personal integrity and dignity, the right to protection from sexual violence, the right to safe living and healthy development, the right to property and housing, the right to education and other children’s rights.

Emphasis was placed on the need for preventive activities to prevent further violations of children’s rights, as well as the importance of strengthening the state’s evacuation mechanisms, agreements on green corridors with Russia and its military at various levels. The Rome Statute is analyzed for signs that may indicate a possible qualification of the aggressive actions of the Russian Federation. It has been established that the actions of Russian servicemen can be qualified as war crimes, namely the intentional commission of acts that expose the civilian population to starvation as a means of waging war by depriving it of its necessities for survival, including intentional obstruction of assistance, as provided for in the Geneva Conventions.

Emphasis is placed on the importance of teaching children the rules of conduct in shelters, in dangerous places, during air raids.

It is recommended that children who have already fallen victim to the occupiers be provided with qualified medical and psychological services.
Peculiarities of ensuring the constitutional right to a fair court during the war
Authors: Shelever N.
Published: August 2022

In the article the author considers the issue of ensuring the right of all to a fair trial guaranteed by article 6 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. Currently, Ukraine remains in a grinding situation, because by the Decree of the President of Ukraine on February 24, 2022 the state of war has been declared. This, needless to say, has affected justice, which is being provided with certain peculiarities, but the quality of justice, according to the author, should not deteriorate during the war, yet rather improve. Therefore, in this study, the author tries to prove it and show that a failure to respect the right to a fair trial has negative consequences. The Supreme Court has now changed the territorial jurisdiction of the courts due to the fact that some courts have been destroyed and it is impossible to provide justice. However, during the state of war, the requirements for judges are growing, as there is a huge difference between the provision of justice in wartime and in peacetime. It is emphasized that the main duty of judges during the war is to restore the violated law and to establish the principles of the rule of law and justice. A fair trial should be understood not only as the fairness of the justice procedure itself, but also as the result of justice – the issuance of a fair verdict by the court.

The author analyses the experience of the President of the Supreme Court of Israel Aharon Barak, who describes his vision for the delivering of justice in wartime. This experience is invaluable, as Israel constantly stays in danger so relevant useful and positive developments have been developed in the field of justice. It is advisable for Ukrainian judges to take over the experience of their Israeli counterparts, as Ukraine may also be in jeopardy alongside such an unpredictable and aggressive neighbour for a long time after the end of the war. The author draws attention to the fact that the injustice of the judicial process has negative consequences, so all the efforts of the judiciary should be aimed at the most effective performance of its functions, the establishment of the principle of justice as the goal of judgement. Justice is the basic principle of trial that a judge should follow when making a decision.
Peculiarities of refund of court costs for professional assistance of a lawyer in civil procedure
Authors: Kaluzhna A. , Moiseenko D.
Published: August 2022

The scientific article examines the features of reimbursement of court costs for professional assistance of a lawyer in civil proceedings in Ukraine. Particular attention is paid to certain aspects in particular: belonging to court costs, the procedure for reimbursement of legal costs to the parties, verification of compliance with the costs of professional legal assistance, determining the amount of attorney’s fees (in proportion to the volume of services provided, complexity of the case). the importance of the case to the party, including the impact of the decision on the reputation of the party or the public interest in the case), reducing court costs at the request of the party or in the absence of such a request. Also, the article analyzes some aspects of the realization of everyone’s right to judicial protection, which is directly guaranteed by the Constitution of Ukraine and the laws of Ukraine. In particular, it is determined that this right can be exercised by anyone whose rights, freedoms or interests have been violated within the constitutional, civil, commercial, administrative and criminal proceedings of Ukraine. The protection procedure is carried out in court. The litigation is characterized by significant costs for the parties involved. The article analyzes in detail the features of reimbursement of legal fees for professional assistance of a lawyer in civil proceedings, highlights gaps in the legal field of civil law, namely the amount of attorney’s fees, the order of reimbursement of legal costs, the possibility of reducing the cost of professional legal assistance in the absence of a request.

Also, the article analyzes the case law, analyzes the peculiarities of reimbursement of expenses for individuals and legal entities to receive legal aid. It is directly stated that determining the amount of attorney’s fees always has its own characteristics and individual nature, which depends on the case and costs incurred.
Experience of foreign countries in legal regulation of employment of graduates of educational institutions
Authors: Nesterovich O.
Published: August 2022

The article examines the experience of foreign countries in the legal regulation of employment of graduates of educational institutions, as for the best settlement of relations on youth employment, it is advisable to pay attention to foreign experience in solving similar problems. The study briefly examines the experience of some European countries in solving youth employment problems at the national level, taking into account national specifics, economic and social situation. It is concluded that the experience of countries with developed market economies shows that the scale of state intervention in the system of the labor market is significant. A special place in the employment policy of these countries is occupied by measures to promote the employment of young people who have no practical training. States encourage employers to hire young people by providing them with special guarantees, subsidies, and tax breaks. Vocational training and retraining are important in regulating the world’s youth labor market, as the economic costs of providing these services far outweigh the costs of unemployment benefits. Currently, most Member States of the European Union are trying to facilitate the process of adaptation of young people to enter the labor market after graduation through a combination of so-called supply and demand strategies. Proposal strategies mainly include programs focused on vocational training of young people. Although each country takes into account its national, economic and social specificities when implementing youth employment programs, all youth employment programs have one thing in common - facilitating the entry of different categories of young people into the labor market by providing them with vocational training, qualifications and providing the first work experience. Mechanisms of close cooperation and interaction between the education system and the labor market play an important role in this process.
Adaptation of Ukrainian legal regulation of discharge of pollutants to EU environmental legislation
Authors: Uberman V. , Vasʹkovetsʹ L.
Published: August 2022

The problem of adaptation of the Ukrainian legal regulation of discharges of pollutants (RDP) from point sources into surface waters to the EU environmental legislation investigates. The requirements of Ukraine’s water policy to the RDP as a way to ensure good chemical status and water quality considered. It is noted that the adaptation should be based on RDP comparative studies of legal mechanisms of limitation regulation consisting of institutes of EU environmental legislation: water services, industrial impact regulation, integrated basin management, and institutes of water legislation of Ukraine: special water use and environmental safety. It was found that the main problem of adaptation is the difference between the basic environmental and political principles of the sub-institutions of the RDP. The Ukrainian RDP is based on the outdated principle of “emission - immission” for pollutants (P), which provides the economic use of the property of assimilative capacity (AC) of water bodies in all cases of limiting regulation. European regulation is carried out according to a combined approach and is based on modern principles of “precaution” and “elimination of environmental damage primarily in its source”, and the usage of AC is allowed as an exception only for priority P in some cases. The path is determined and changes are proposed to the Ukrainian water legislation that ensure the adaptation of its RDP to the European counterpart. Fast adaptation can be done by alters to the Water Code of Ukraine (WCU), which primarily consist in changes in the conceptual and categorical apparatus of the WCU and in inclusion of European terms. It is need also to change the regulatory norms in some sections of the WCU. To specify the proposed requirements some bylaws should be altered and developed. One-half of such bylaws belongs to the powers of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine. The proposed changes create the completed chain of environmental and legal regulatory impact on discharging of P.
Borders of administrative and criminal responsibilities for offenses in the field of law intellectual property
Authors: Zapara S. , Kravchenko I.
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the delimitation of administrative and criminal liability for infringements in the field of intellectual property rights. The current issues of implementation of these types of responsibilities depending on the legislative approach to the reflection of the relevant provisions in regulations are highlighted. The analysis of dispositions and sanctions of separate administrative offenses and criminal offenses in the field of the intellectual property rights is carried out. Theoretical generalization of differences between administrative and criminal liability for infringements in the field of intellectual property rights on the basis of the main features of legal liability with coverage of current theoretical and practical problems and identify areas for their solution. The shortcomings of practical application of administrative and criminal liability for these offenses are identified and the imperfection of domestic legislation in the absence of systematization of offenses against intellectual property rights, both within the administrative and criminal legislation of Ukraine. The article also summarizes the differences between administrative and criminal liability for infringements in the field of intellectual property rights on the basis of the main features of legal liability with covering of current theoretical and practical problems and identifying specific areas for their solution. The analysis of the current state of realization of legal responsibility in the field of protection of intellectual property rights is also carried out, taking into account their peculiarities and substantiation of directions for elimination of existing shortcomings. It is substantiated that from the practical point of view, legal protection of intellectual property in Ukraine requires a comprehensive transformation of administrative and criminal liability in the direction of developing an effective procedural mechanism for their implementation, eliminating shortcomings and inconsistencies in current legislation of Ukraine. Strengthening of criminal responsibility for criminal offenses in the field of intellectual property rights is proposed, emphasis is placed on the need to establish an independent institute of criminal law protection of intellectual property in Ukraine.
The legal nature of Russia’s financing of inter-state terrorism and its war with Ukraine
Authors: Patsurkivsky P. , Gavrilyuk R.
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of the legal nature of Russia’s financing of interstate terrorism and its war against Ukraine, which has already changed the history of the XXI century. It is noted that one of the most obvious features of this war was its intercivilizational nature, which necessitates a rethinking of all political and sociocultural processes not only in Ukraine and Russia, but also in Europe and the world, the need for fundamental renewal of worldviews and methodological approaches and categorical apparatus. The position that the above fully applies to the understanding of the problem of the legal nature of Russia’s financing of interstate terrorism and the war in Ukraine, which is the main goal of our study, is substantiated. The specific tasks of the analysis of the above problem are to clarify: the legal nature of Russia’s financing of interstate terrorism; legal bases and sources of financing of the Russian Federation war in Ukraine.

The methodological basis of the study are the principles of objectivity and historicism; anthroposocio- cultural and axiological approaches combined with the methods developed by Samuel Huntington for the analysis of intercivilizational wars in his bestseller “Clash of Civilizations”.

Based on the analysis of relevant regulations, doctrinal provisions and facts, the conclusion is substantiated that the leading form of financing Russian state terrorism against Ukraine during the preparation of the Russian-Ukrainian war and from the beginning of this war to full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine was Russia’s sponsorship of anti-Ukrainian terrorism. On February 24, 2022, this form gave way to direct budget funding by Russia for its terrorism against Ukraine. Russia’s source of funding for its war against Ukraine at all stages of the preparation and conduct of this war has been and remains the direct budgetary allocation of its State budget funds, obtained mainly from energy exports, primarily oil and gas.
The purpose of a crime under article 110-2 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine as a mandatory feature of its subjective side
Authors: Shestopalov R.
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to the disclosure of the purpose content as a subjective feature of the composition of a criminal offense, which provides for criminal liability for financing actions committed with the aim of forcibly changing or overthrowing the constitutional order or seizing state power, changing the borders of the territory or state border of Ukraine (article 110-2 of the CC of Ukraine).

The components of this criminal offense, which are necessary for criminal legal qualification under the specified article of the law on criminal liability, are analysed.

The generalization of judicial practice (on the example of indictments of Ukrainian courts that have entered into force) on crimes of this category has been carried out.

A comparative analysis of the crime under article 110-2 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine with related criminal offenses under articles 258-3 (creation of a terrorist group or terrorist organization), 258-5 (terrorist financing) of this law on criminal liability. This contributed to the possibility of concluding that the pursuit of a special purpose by the subject of a crime is the main distinguishing circumstance that distinguishes these crimes, and the object of criminal encroachment is a derivative.

The author’s position on the imperfect legal technique of this norm of the Criminal Code of Ukraine in terms of determining the special purpose of a crime is expressed. Arguments are given on this issue, which are based on the study of judicial practice on crimes of this category, our own practical experience, as well as on the scientific positions of national scientists.

In this connection, it is proposed to amend the current article 110-2 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine regarding the exclusion of the purpose from the note to this article, as well as the exclusion of the purpose (as a mandatory feature of the subjective side of the body of the crime) from its hypothesis and disposition, leaving the vector of active actions of the crime subject, as a feature of its orientation to achieve the criminal result of these criminal actions by fixing in the norm of the law exactly the direct intent of financing such illegal actions.
Civil justice: access under martial law
Authors: Moiseyenko D.
Published: August 2022

The article examines the obstacles in access to justice in civil cases arising in Ukraine due to the armed aggression of the Russian Federation.

In particular, the article points out the following problematic issues. A large percentage of national courts during the military aggression were deprived of the opportunity to administer justice; justice is not carried out in the occupied territories even at the current moment. At the same time, the procedure for changing the territorial jurisdiction, provided for by law, has not been finally settled. Attention is also drawn to the problems with the introduction of e-justice in Ukraine, adjournment of the case, remote participation of persons in the trial, notification of participants about the time and place of the case, restoration/extension of terms, loss and resumption of court proceedings.

It is concluded that there is insufficient normative regulation of the procedure for considering civil cases in a state of war or a state of emergency. It is proposed to supplement the procedural codes with a separate section regulating the procedure for the administration of justice in a state of war or a state of emergency. Proposals have been made to improve the procedural legislation. In particular, it is proposed to provide for the possibility of restricting the principle of openness of civil proceedings, additional mechanisms for notifying participants in a case, a procedure for obtaining copies of court decisions issued by courts that subsequently ended up in the occupied territory, additional mechanisms for resuming lost proceedings, etc.
Aspects of taking into account foreign experience in the formation of bodies of constitutional jurisdiction in Ukraine
Authors: Ivaniv I.
Published: August 2022

The publication examines the formation of the judiciary of constitutional jurisdiction both in Ukraine and abroad. Different approaches to the formation of the composition of constitutional review bodies are analyzed, historical, economic, political and niche factors that determined a certain order of formation of such bodies are identified. The important role of the peculiarities of the formation of the composition of the bodies of constitutional jurisdiction in ensuring the independence of this body and in ensuring the proper legal protection of the constitution is noted. It is noted that the analysis of foreign experience in this issue is an impetus to expand scientific and expert discussion in this direction in order to find the best ways to overcome the problem of quality formation of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, given the established successful practices of foreign countries.

It is established that the role and importance of the body of constitutional justice in society and the legal and political system of a modern constitutional, democratic state is extremely important. The Constitutional Court, as a body of constitutional control, occupies an important place in the mechanism of legitimation of state power, as it is designed to protect the constitutionally enshrined sovereignty of the people from illegal actions and decisions of public authorities. To this end, the Court must act as an unconditional authoritative body of state power, endowed not only with the right but also with a real opportunity to take measures aimed at protecting the Constitution. One of the important elements of ensuring this status is the proper and high-quality staffing of the Court with highly professional staff, which is primarily related to the processes of forming the CCU.

However, as noted in the scientific and expert community, even in those European countries where the so- called mixed principle of forming a body of constitutional jurisdiction (as in Ukraine), no universal approach is used to appoint judges of the constitutional court, as each state regulates this issue. in his own way. Therefore, proposals are made, in particular, given the peculiarities of our political system and incomplete judicial reform, it would be appropriate to exclude the Congress of Judges from among the entities authorized to form the Constitutional Court of Ukraine (let’s not forget that this requires changes to Of the Constitution), and to entrust the procedure of selection of CCU judges to the relevant commission, the members of which would be nominated by both national and international experts. Resolving these issues is extremely important, and therefore is an impetus to expand scientific and expert discussion in this direction in order to find the best ways to overcome the problem of quality formation of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, given the established successful practices of foreign countries.
Ist die COVID-19-Krankheit wirklich eine technische Frage seitens des Rechtsanwalts?
Authors: Balogh Judit
Published: August 2022

Abstrakt: Im Frühjahr 2020 hat die COVID-19-Pandemie unser tägliches Leben völlig abändert. Viele der Auswirkungen der Abschließungen und der Heimarbeit, die mit der Epidemie einhergingen, sind auch heute noch in der Gerichtspraxis zu spüren, sowohl positiv als auch negativ. Positiv zu vermerken ist, dass die Gerichte und Behörden das Potenzial der Online-Kommunikation erkannt haben, so dass einige Verfahren auch in den „Epidemiefreien” Zeiten, online abgehalten werden können, was Zeit und Energie spart. Die Tatsache, dass die Gerichte in Zivilverfahren immer mehr ausschließlich schriftliches Vorverfahren anordnen, viel öfter als früher, löst unterschiedliche Reaktionen aus.  Schließlich als negatives Beispiel ist zu nennen dass es bisher zu keine zufriedende Lösung kam, wie das Gericht mit Fällen von Abwesenheit aufgrund plötzlicher Krankheit einen Umgang finden kann. Die Abhandlung untersucht die Praxis im Bereich der Abwesenheit im Krankheitsfall: Auf der Grundlage eines Beschlusses des ungarischen höchsten Gerichtshofes (der sog. Kuria) vom Februar 2021, der unter den besonderen Umständen des Pandemie-Notfalls erlassen wurde, versucht sie, den tatsächlichen Inhalt und die Rolle des Rechts auf Vertretung (und die Vertretung durch einen Anwalt) in Zivilverfahren zu beleuchten.
CISG és a UPICC gyakorlati jelentőségének megítélése
Authors: Boros Sándor
Published: August 2022

Jelen tanulmány elsődleges célja a jogirodalom által kifejezetten jelentősnek titulált, a nemzetközi kereskedelmi jog területén megalkotott jogi szabályozók közül a Bécsi Vételi Egyezmény (CISG) és a Nemzetközi Kereskedelmi Szerződések Alapelvei (UPICC) értékelésének útján annak megállapítása, hogy a vizsgálat tárgyává tett jogi instrumentumoknak mekkora a tényleges gyakorlati relevanciája, alkalmazási volumene. A kitűzött célok megvalósítása érdekében a tanulmány a CISG tekintetében a rendelkezésre álló empirikus kutatások eredményeire, míg a UPICC vonatkozásában az elérhető esetjogi kivonatokra támaszkodik. A Bécsi Vételi Egyezmény esetében megállapítható, hogy az Egyezmény gyakorlati alkalmazásának volumene mérsékelt, elmarad attól a sikerességtől, amit a jogirodalom tulajdonít a számára, míg a UPICC közzétett joggyakorlatának a revíziója eredményeként egyértelműen rögzíthető, hogy az UNIDROIT Alapelvek elsődlegesen a nemzeti jog, valamint a nemzetközi egyezmények értelmezését, kiegészítését hivatott elősegíteni, a felek hajlandósága a UPICC elsődleges alkalmazása iránt rendkívül csekély mértékű.A tanulmány továbbá foglalkozik a jogi szabályozók nemzeti jogalkotásra gyakorolt hatásaival is, mely körben mindkét instrumentum vonatkozásában megfigyelhető a jelentős mértékű befolyás az egyes országok polgári anyagi jogi kodifikációja tekintetében.
Európai kitekintés: A különélés értékelése a tagállami házassági bontójogokban
Authors: Hadházi Edit
Published: August 2022

A különélés, mint a házassági viszony megromlásának legszignifikánsabb jele szinte kivétel nélkül jogilag releváns tény az európai tagállamok házassági bontójogában, de abban már lényeges különbség van a tagállamok között, hogy mekkora jelentőséget tulajdonítanak neki. Vannak országok, ahol már jogalkotási szinten szabályozásra kerül, akár mint a bontás kifejezett előfeltétele, akár mint a jogalkalmazót orientáló törvényi körülmény, és van olyan ország is, ahol a különélés bár tételesen nem jelenik meg, de a jogalkalmazás figyelembe veszi azt a bontóper során. Hipotézisem, hogy a különélés ténye olyan közös metszéspontja az uniós tagállamok házassági bontójogának, hogy a szempont kapcsán felvett jogi attitűdök érdekes alapot szolgáltatnak egy jogösszehasonlító elemzéshez. A jelen tanulmány célja, hogy egy fogalmi alapvetést követően megvizsgálja az egyes uniós országok különélés kapcsán alkotott álláspontját, azokat besorolja „a jogalkotástól a jogalkalmazás felé haladva” logika alapján, végül egy összegzés keretében megtegye a végső konklúziókat.
egyenlő bánásmód elméleti kérdései a munkajog jogági besorolása vonatkozásában
Authors: Herdon István , Takács Dóra
Published: August 2022

A munkajog jogáig besorolását érintően számos hazai és nemzetközi tudományos vita van napirenden. Egyfelől a munkajogot a magánjog rendszerébe kategorizálhatjuk akkor, ha a munkaviszonyok létrejöttét vizsgáljuk. A munkaviszony jogalapja ugyanis kizárólag a munkaszerződés lehet, így a munkajog valamelyest illeszkedik a klasszikus magánjogba. Másfelől viszont a munkaviszony tartalmát nem csak a munkaszerződés, hanem több más norma képes alakítani. E normák jellemzően közjogi tartalommal bírnak, és mint munkajog úgynevezett közjogi elemei, a felek szerződési szabadságát igyekeznek korlátozni. A közjogi elemek létét ugyanis tipikusan azzal igazolja a jogalkotó, hogy a munkaviszonyban a felek között szubordináció van, így a magánjogban jellemző mellérendelt szerződéses egyensúly megbillent a munkáltató javára. A közjogi elemek jelenléte és így különösen az egyenlő bánásmód előírása e megbillent egyensúlyt kívánja helyreállítani a munkajogban oly módon, hogy korlátozza a felek közötti szerződéses szabadságot. A jelen írásunkban elsősorban azt vizsgáljuk, hogy a közjogi elemek jelenléte miatt a munkajog bír-e önálló jogági sajátossággal. Mindemellett pedig az egyenlő bánásmód alapelvére fókuszálva vizsgáljuk azt, hogy miként értelmezhető a diszkrimináció tilalma a munkajogban és a klasszikus magánjogban, valamint ezen általános magatartási követelmény alkalmas-e arra, hogy a felek közötti megbomlott egyensúlyt helyreállítsa. Végül pedig feltesszük azt a költői kérdést: ha az egyenlő bánásmód követelménye alkalmas az egyensúlyi állapot helyreállítására, akkor miért van szükség további közjogi elemekre a munkajogban?
Änderungen und Fragmentierung des ungarischen Erbrechts
Authors: Kiss Tibor
Published: August 2022

Das Erbrecht ist im ungarischen Grundgesetz verankert, und die detaillierten materiellen Vorschriften sind im Siebten Buch des ungarischen Bürgerlichen Gesetzbuchs festgelegt. In den letzten Jahren hat der Gesetzgeber neben dem Bürgerlichen Gesetzbuch auch in anderen Gesetzen materielle Vorschriften zur Erbfolge eingeführt. Gemäß dem Gesetz über die eingetragene Lebenspartnerschaften, gelten die für Ehegatten geltenden Vorschriften auch für eingetragene Lebenspartner. Dies bedeutet, dass der eingetragene Lebenspartner auch gesetzlicher Erbe ist. Die besonderen Regeln für den Eigentumserwerb an land- und forstwirtschaftlichen Grundstücken (Ackerboden) durch eine gewillkürte Erbfolge sind in dem Gesetz über den Landverkehr(Gesetz CXXII von 2013) festgelegt. Am 1. Januar 2023 wird ein neues Gesetz in Kraft treten (Gesetz CXLIII von 2021), das die erbrechtlichen Bestimmungen des Bürgerlichen Gesetzbuches im Falle der gemeinsamen Rechtsnachfolge von ungeteiltem Miteigentum an landwirtschaftlichen Grundstücken durch mehrere Erben ergänzen wird.
Die Bestimmung eines staatlichen Organs, das den Staat in Erbrechtsverhältnissen vertritt, ist in einer gesonderten Ministerialverordnung vorgesehen. In dem vorliegenden Schreiben wird analysiert, wie all diese komplexen und verstreuten Vorschriften die Rechtsanwendung erschweren und die zügige Durchführung von Nachlassverfahren behindern. Das vorliegende Schreiben kritisiert die zersplitterte Regelung und schlägt vor, die Vorschriften der einzelnen Gesetze in das  Bürgerlichen Gesetzbuch zu integrieren, da dies zu einer effizienteren Rechtsanwendung beitragen könnte.
Társadalomra veszélyesség megjelenése, alakulása és fogadtatása a magyar büntetőtörvényekben
Authors: Szemán Ádám
Published: August 2022

Társadalomra veszélyesség a Büntető Törvénykönyv bűncselekmény-fogalmának talán a legtöbbet vitatott fogalmi eleme. A honi büntetőjogi felelősség megállapíthatósága körében kiemelkedő szerepet tölt be ezen fogalom. A 20. században a büntetőjog területén elismert jogtudósok között vita tárgyát képezte annak szükségszerűsége az éppen hatályos Büntető Törvénykönyvünkben.
A rendszerváltást megelőző korszak szocialista büntetőjogában a társadalomra veszélyesség fogalma a büntetőjog “osztálytartalmának” kifejezésére szolgált. E fogalom a 90-es éveket követően – a büntetőjog tudományában, a jogalkotás és a jogalkalmazás területén egyaránt – megtisztult a szovjet jogból átvett, pártállami politika célokat szolgáló tartalmi elemektől. Manapság már olyannyira nincs ideológiai, párt-politikai jelentéstartalma a társadalomra veszélyesség meghatározásának, hogy a büntető-jogtudományban jártás jogtudósok jelentős része, és az ítélkezési gyakorlat is - a német dogmatikából átvett - materiális jogellenesség fogalmi megfelelőjeként tartja számon. (Újvári, 2003)
Jelen írásomban a társadalomra veszélyesség fogalmának megjelenését és fogadtatását mutatom be a magyar büntető törvényekben és büntető-jogtudományban egyaránt, egészen az azt megelőző - formális jogellenességet alkalmazó - időszaktól a hatályos Büntető Törvénykönyvünkig.
La simulación como metodología formativa innovadora en la mención internacional del grado de administración y dirección de empresas
Authors: Camps Aida , Blancafort Luis
Published: August 2022

El capítulo explica cómo se llegó a la decisión de aplicar la metodología de la simulación como herramienta formativa óptima para complementar el desarrollo de las competencias blandas en la Mención Internacional dentro los estudios de Administración y Dirección de Empresas (ADE) impartidos por la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales del Campus Manresa de la Universidad de Vic – Universidad Central de Catalunya. El proceso de decisión se fundamentó en dos líneas paralelas de trabajo. Por un lado, un análisis de las competencias que son necesarias para la obtención de la Mención Internacional, valorando cuáles están más o menos desarrolladas con la metodología actual, e incidiendo especialmente sobre las competencias blandas dado que son de formación más difícil mediante la exposición magistral. Y por otro, determinar qué competencias blandas son las que se pueden desarrollar de una manera óptima mediante la formación basada en la experiencia,especialmente con la metodología de la simulación. La Universidad de Vic – Universidad Central de Catalunya (UVICUCC) tiene dos facultades en el Campus de Manresa, la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Esta última tiene una gran experiencia en la utilización de la simulación como metodología formativa, especialmente mediante la simulación clínica. Parte fundamental del proyecto ha sido establecer y desarrollar los mecanismos de colaboración entre las dos facultades para la transferencia del conocimiento teórico y de aplicación. El resultado del proyecto mejora la planificación formativa de la Mención Internacional mediante el uso de la metodología de la simulación para el desarrollo de tres habilidades sociales, como son la escucha activa, la comunicación y la empatía, y paralelamente desarrolla los mecanismos de transferencia de conocimientos entre las dos facultades.
El foro asincrónico como herramienta de aprendizaje en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Hernández Cerrito Pablo César , Mancilla Venegas Francisco Javier
Published: August 2022

El presente escrito analiza desde un enfoque cuantitativo el foro asincrónico como herramienta de aprendizaje. El objetivo de la investigación fue conocer si el foro asincrónico contribuye a la mejora del aprendizaje en un curso de Licenciatura de Administración en estudiantes de primer ingreso a una universidad pública de México. Para ello se aplicó un instrumento de medición con pre-prueba y pos-prueba para medir el aprendizaje de los estudiantes a través de las calificaciones obtenidas de un tema de la Unidad de Enseñanza Aprendizaje (UEA) de Informática. Los resultados nos muestran que en la pos-prueba donde se utilizó el foro durante un periodo entre siete y doce días, la media de calificación aumentó. Lo que confirman diversas investigaciones al señalar que el foro como herramienta de aprendizaje contribuye a la comprensión de los temas de un curso. El foro asincrónico se probó durante un lapso de entre siete y doce días; lo que sugiere que, si se emplea la herramienta de foro de manera sistemática durante un tiempo mayor a doce días, puede reportar un impacto superior en un curso convencional. Cabe señalar que en el uso del foro asincrónico no hubo intervención del profesor, la interacción sucedió entre los pares. La participación fue de carácter autónoma y autorregulada por cada estudiante. Concluimos que el foro es una herramienta eficaz para promover mayor participación e interacción social que facilita el aprendizaje y la compresión de conocimiento en comunidad.
Análisis del uso de los “teléfonos inteligentes” en la educación superior. Caso: Facultad de Contaduría y administración
Authors: Contreras Armenta Cecilio , Gil Montelongo María Dolores , López Orozco Gilberto , Bolio Yris Carlos Arturo
Published: August 2022

La tecnología es una herramienta importante en la vida cotidiana, pues a diario nos vemos involucrados con aparatos como tabletas, computadoras y específicamente Smartphones que nos facilitan la comunicación y el trabajo desde aspectos sociales y educativos. Sin embargo, ¿qué uso le dan los universitarios a este tipo de herramientas? y, ¿son éstas un instrumento que ayudará a los docentes en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje? Por tal motivo, el objetivo de esta investigación es analizar el uso educativo, social y ubicuo que estudiantes universitarios de la Universidad Veracruzana con enfoque en carreras Económico-Administrativas hacen del Smartphone o teléfonos inteligentes. Lo anterior a través de la aplicación de una encuesta con escala Likert donde 1= Nada, 2= casi nada, 3= de vez en cuando, 4= a menudo y 5= siempre, elaborado por el equipo de investigadores Esteban Vázquez-Cano y Ma. Luisa Sevillano García; con una confiabilidad de 0.814 del Alfa de Cronbach.
Waldorf Pedagogy and Health: A Dialogue Through the Form Drawing
Authors: Galdi Katia Ribeiro , Nascimento Burattini Marcelo , Siqueira Ortega Neli Regina
Published: August 2022

Este estudo aborda o movimento a partir da prática do Desenho da Forma, realizado com 89 crianças de escolas Waldorf, com idades entre 7 e 11 anos, e considera o movimento como meio de interseção em ambientes sociais como a escola, e fisiológicos como seres humanos. As medidas foram realizadas no início e no final do ano letivo, em relação à postura e ao equilíbrio estático e dinâmico. As crianças desenvolveram linhas retas e curvas, e as incursões respiratórias foram medidas em três momentos do ano. Um questionário com 25 questões foi elaborado para avaliar cada criança, investigando sua concentração, organização e movimento. O estudo apresentou resultados significativos principalmente nas medidas de incursões respiratórias (p <0,001), avaliação postural (p <0,001) e concentração (p <0,001), os quais foram corroborados pela observação dos cadernos. Todas as práticas pedagógicas Waldorf têm como premissa a arte de educar com ênfase na saúde humana, principalmente por meio do Desenho da Forma.

Palavras-chave: Pedagogia Waldorf. Saúde. Desenho de Formas
IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM JARINGAN INFORMASI BERSAMA ANTAR SEKOLAH DI SMAN 1 BATUSANGKAR KABUPATEN TANAH DATAR
Authors: Kartika Afriyanti Dwi , Rahmadoni Jefril , Hanim Hafizah , Akbar Ricky , Akbar Fajril , Wahyuni Ullya Mega , Kamil Husnil
Published: August 2022

SMAN 1 Batusangkar merupakan sekolah negeri yang telah menggunakan teknologi dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan sekolah, mulai dari hadirnya website sebagai ruang informasi, termasuk juga penggunaan komputer dan internet di sekolah. Selain itu, sekolah ini juga dilengkapi dengan adanya empat laboratorium komputer yang digunakan untuk ruang pengajaran bagi siswa. Namun, dalam kegiatan sehari-hari, data-data yang dihasilkan oleh sekolah belum terintegrasi dalam sebuah sistem informasi dengan baik. Hal ini menjadi momentum bagi Jurusan Sistem Informasi UNAND untuk membantu sekolah dalam mengimplementasikan, mensosialisasikan dan memberikan edukasi terkait sistem informasi sekolah JIBAS (Jaringan Informasi Bersama Antar Sekolah) di SMA N 1 Batusangkar sebagai bentuk nyata dalam menjalankan Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi. Sistem JIBAS yaitu sistem informasi manajemen sekolah yang membantu operasional sekolah mulai dari akademik, keuangan, perpustakaan, pelaporan dan interaksi guru-siswa. Diharapkan, sistem ini dapat membantu sekolah mengatur, mengelola dan merapikan data yang ada pada sekolah yang kemudian dapat dimanfaatkan oleh berbagai pihak yang berkepentingan. Metode pelaksanaan pada kegiatan ini terdiri dari tiga tahap yaitu persiapan, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Setelah kegiatan ini dilaksanakan, pihak sekolah merasa bahwa sistem ini sangatlah bagus untuk dikembangkan dan digunakan lebih lanjut untuk kegiatan sekolah secara keseluruhan. Namun, dengan adanya berbagai fitur lain yang ada pada JIBAS selain fitur Akademik, pihak sekolah perlu untuk mempelajari fitur-fitur lain sehingga efektivitas dan efisiensi yang dihadirkan oleh sistem ini dapat dirasakan oleh pihak sekolah.
Literasi Pengelolaan Keuangan IKM Anggota Forum Komunikasi Pelaku Usaha di Kabupaten Malang
Authors: Noya Sunday , Ekawati Yurida , Oktiarso Teguh , Hadi Yuswono , , Purnomo , Putrianto Novenda Kartika
Published: August 2022

Although considered as one of the main drivers of the national economy, SMEs are very vulnerable to business competition. Limited access to resources including knowledge resources makes SMEs constrained to develop their support system. One of the obstacles faced by SMEs today is their limited grasp to the business financial management concept. They also have a difficulty in accessing a simple financial accounting application that fit to their business conditions. The community service program implemented by the Ma Chung Abdimas Grant Team aims to improve the financial literacy of SME members of Forum Komunikasi Pelaku Usaha in Kabupaten Malang, as well as their access to computer-based financial accounting application. This program is implemented in the form of training and mentoring to improve SME’s understanding and skills in financial management. The results concluded that the training program was effective. It is able to improve financial management literacy for IKM partners.
Peningkatan Kualitas Produk Minuman IKM melalui Pengendalian Proses Produksi dan Higienitas
Authors: Noya Sunday , Taneo Stefanus Yufra M. , Melany Melany
Published: August 2022

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are the largest business entities in Indonesia. Of this very large number, the largest proportion of SMEs is engaged in food and beverage production. Unfortunately, with such a large number, the awareness to apply food safety and hygiene standards in the SME production process is still considered very low. The results of our study found that one of the factors that affect product quality and competitiveness of SME is production process control and hygiene. The results of this research were then applied to a community service program for beverage SMEs in Malang Regency in the form of training on good and hygiene processed food production methods. The results of statistical tests and further observations carried out on the training participants found that this community service program was effective in increasing SMEs knowledge about good production methods, hygiene, and sanitation as well as bringing positive changes to their production systems which are expected to further improve product quality and competitiveness of SMEs.
Pendampingan Diversifikasi Produk Berbahan Baku Lele Asap Menjadi Lele Asap Masak Mangut Daun Kemangi Di Desa Sampora
Authors: Indriati Kumala , Widjayanti Linda
Published: August 2022

Catfish is a type of freshwater fish that contains protein, omega-3 and omega-6 acids in its body. Catfish also contains vitamins B1, B2, phosphorus, calcium, iron, sodium, and niacin. To prevent excessive levels of calories, fat and cholesterol in the body, it is necessary to avoid processing catfish by frying. Instead, it is necessary to try how to process catfish by smoking.

After providing assistance in making smoked catfish for the Sampora Village Community, the Community Service Team of the Faculty of Engineering Atma Jaya Catholic University of  Indonesia introduced various dishes made from smoked catfish, one of which was smoked catfish mangut cooked with basil leaves to PKK women in Sampora village. The benefit of this community service activity is to equip the community to open a processed food business made from smoked catfish which will later become the typical food of the Sampora village. This community service activity also provides practical assistance in the form of marketing through social media.
Pendampingan Pengolahan Pempek Lele Sebagai Alternatif Usaha Masyarakat Di Desa Sampora
Authors: Mulyadi Melisa , Ghozali Theresia
Published: August 2022

Cultivation of catfish carried out by the people of Sampora Village is certainly expected to improve the welfare of the community. It takes creativity from the community to increase the economic value of catfish through diversification of food products made from catfish, including catfish pempek. So far, people mostly use belida fish, mackerel or gabus fish as ingredients for pempek, but it turns out that catfish can also be processed into pempek because it has soft and white flesh like belida fish. Catfish besides containing high nutrition is also cheaper than other fish. If it can be producing quality catfish pempek, of course, catfish pempek can attract people to consume it because the price is more affordable. The final product of pempek is determined by its white color, elasticity, aroma and taste. There are several types of pempek that can be produced, namely pempek lenjer, pempek “keriting”, pempek “kapal selam” which contains eggs and can also be varied with sausage or cheese filling. The assistance carried out aims to equip the Sampora village community with the skills to process catfish into pempek so that it can be used as an alternative business.
Sosialisasi dan Pemasangan Sistem Penerangan Berbasis Tenaga Surya Di Panti Asuhan Mekar Sari
Authors: Darmawan Marten , Soewono Arka Dwinanda , Hutagalung Rory Anthony , Christiand Christiand , Fanlau Dylan Ryo
Published: August 2022

Solar energy is one of the sustainable and environmentally friendly energy sources. However, this renewable energy is still not widely utilized by the people of Indonesia even though Indonesia, as a tropical country, has vast solar energy potential. Hence, It is essential to introduce and socialize solar energy potential to the general public. The partner of this community outreach program is Mekar Lestari Orphanage in South Tangerang. The orphanage care for children aged 3-16 years from various backgrounds. As a younger generation, it is hopeful that they can develop a mindset of solar energy as one of the renewable energy sources that can replace fossil fuels. In addition, the Mekar Lestari Orphanage in its social role requires a facility with adequate lighting. However, there was a lack of lighting in the front yard of the orphanage, making access to the facility difficult, especially at night. Therefore, a solar energy-based lighting system has been built and installed on the front gate of the orphanage. After installing the lighting system, socialization about the basic theory of solar energy and how the solar-powered lighting system works was conducted. The evaluation of the event, attended by representatives of staff and children living in the orphanage, showed that all participants gained new knowledge and a deeper understanding of solar energy. In addition, they learned new skills to operate and maintain solar lighting systems. From the positive feedback during the socialization, it is hopeful that this activity can provide education on the actual application of solar energy and help to improve lighting conditions in the orphanage.
Pelatihan UMKM Produk Desa Ponggang
Authors: Wahju Marsellinus Bachtiar , Lukas Lukas , Widawati Enny
Published: August 2022

Pong's Snack is an MSMEs originating from Ponggang Village that produces various types of snacks such as opak, rengginang, cassava chips, wajid, potato chips, taro chips, banana chips, Seroja, kicimpring, and cistik. MSMEs in Ponggang Village still use conventional methods, such as marketing products by entrusting them to stalls, can order in advance via telephone number and the product is delivered directly to the customer. Therefore, the author helps MSMEs to be better known to the wider community by entering the products produced by MSMEs into the Pareang Sate Restaurant and selling their products online through the Tokopedia application. To be able to market products online, it is necessary to take steps that can be used as guidelines in digital marketing activities aimed at the target market and known as AIDA (Awareness, Interest, Desire, and Action). The first step taken by the author so that Pong's Snack MSMEs products can be known to consumers is to build awareness of consumers by using the 7P product, price, place, promotion, people, process, and physical evidence approach. To increase interest in buying a product, a standing pouch is used  an attractive label and packaging design.