bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
APRENDIZAGEM SIGNIFICATIVA E REPRESENTAÇÕES CARTOGRÁFICAS: IDEIAS E PRÁTICAS PARA UM ENSINO DE GEOGRAFIA CONTEXTUALIZADO NO COTIDIANO
Authors: De Souza Alaíde Mateus , De Freitas Pereira Adriana Castreghini , Paschoal Moura Jeani Delgado
Published: August 2019

A metodologia de ensino está na pauta de discussões e dos desafios acerca do ensino e da formação docente, visto que os estudantes atuais estão voltados à tecnologia e demonstram interesses isolados nos conteúdos escolares. Como ensinar despertando o interesse pelo conhecimento geográfico em um processo interativo? Com este questionamento, a pesquisa objetiva debater um ensino de Geografia aplicado ao cotidiano e fundamenta-se na teoria de David Paul Ausubel sobre as aprendizagens significativas conquistadas pelos indivíduos mediante a interação do novo conteúdo aos conhecimentos prévios. O caráter exploratório-qualitativo da pesquisa permitiu a aplicação de questionários a cinco professores da disciplina de Geografia em quatro escolas públicas do Estado do Paraná; além da observação de quatro aulas em uma escola pública do município de Cambé/PR. As respostas dos professores ao questionário demonstram o esforço empreendido por eles no sentido de possibilitar um aprendizado significativo dos conteúdos, em especial aqueles referentes as representações cartográficas, promovendo a participação nas aulas, o conhecimento, a criticidade e a inquietação dos estudantes. As observações de aulas foram fundamentais para atestar a possibilidade de uma prática de ensino voltada à contextualização no cotidiano e fundamentada no conteúdo científico da Geografia, em favor da promoção da aprendizagem significativa.
FALA DO HOMENAGEADO: PROFESSOR DOUTOR DIÓRES SANTOS ABREU
Authors: Abreu Dióres Santos
Published: August 2019

Fala do professor homenageado.
DINÂMICA DO USO DA TERRA NAS ÁREAS DE PRESERVAÇÃO PERMANENTE DO ALTO CURSO DA BACIA DO RIBEIRÃO DOS RANCHOS - ADAMANTINA/
Authors: Kohori Carolina Bugalho , Piroli Edson Luís
Published: August 2019

A Nova Alta Paulista foi uma das últimas regiões a serem atravessadas pela ferrovia e ocupadas pela frente cafeeira, tendo suas formações vegetais naturais quase que totalmente suprimidas em detrimento da expansão da área urbana e de culturas agropecuárias. As sedes dos municípios foram construídas no espigão-divisor de águas dos rios Aguapeí e Peixe, ocupando diversas nascentes de córregos. Diante dessa realidade, propôs-se a análise da dinâmica nas Áreas de Preservação Permanente (APP) do alto curso da bacia do Ribeirão dos Ranchos, localizada no município de Adamantina, integrante da Nova Alta Paulista. O objetivo do trabalho foi analisar as mudanças ocorridas no uso da terra nas APP entre os anos de 1971 e 2016 e os impactos ambientais das alterações sobre essas áreas, utilizando técnicas de geoprocessamento. Por meio das análises realizadas observou-se que houve significativas mudanças, como a diminuição da classe lavoura temporária e expansão da área de pastagem. Os principais problemas ambientais observados na área rural foram pastagens degradadas, ausência de mata ciliar, solos erodidos, assoreamento e contaminação dos recursos hídricos. Notou-se pequeno avanço da cobertura florestal nas APP.
ESTADO E DINÂMICA ECONÔMICA E LOCACIONAL DA INDÚSTRIA AUTOMOBILÍSTICA BRASILEIRA NO SÉCULO XXI
Authors: Junior José Augusto Claro , Santos Leandro Bruno
Published: August 2019

Neste trabalho, nossa análise recai sobre os investimentos realizados pelas empresas e as políticas estatais e seus impactos na dinâmica econômica e locacional da indústria automobilística brasileira no século XXI. Para tanto, selecionamos algumas variáveis, tais como investimentos anunciados pelos grupos e a sua distribuição pelo território, a produção e as exportações de autoveículos, os estabelecimentos e os empregos, entre outros. Os procedimentos metodológicos abrangeram levantamento bibliográfico, levantamento de dados secundários em instituições públicas e privadas, sistematização e análise dos dados. Os resultados alcançados mostram que o Estado teve papel decisivo na tomada de decisões dos grupos do setor automobilístico, por meio de políticas públicas de indução e atração, alterando as dinâmicas de produção, exportação, empregos gerados e de estabelecimentos produtivos do setor pelo território. No bojo desse processo de desconcentração espacial da indústria automobilística, São Paulo perdeu importância e outros Estados (Pernambuco, Bahia, Rio Grande do Sul etc.) aumentaram sua relevância.
CRISE E RESISTÊNCIA DOS SISTEMAS INDUSTRIAIS LOCALIZADOS: O CASO DOS CENTROS DE PRODUÇÃO CALÇADISTA NO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO
Authors: Sampaio José Eudázio Honório , Pereira Júnior Edilson Alves
Published: August 2019

O processo de reestruturação produtiva e territorial acarretou em mudanças na configuração de novos espaços e na alteração dos antigos aglomerados produtivos. As empresas passaram a buscar taxas de lucratividade cada vez mais ampliadas e a articular redes de relações que ultrapassam os limites territoriais e alcançam a fluidez característica da globalização. O impacto é perceptível em novas áreas que recebem investimentos produtivos, mas também em espaços onde a produção industrial calçadista já era tradicional, como no estado de São Paulo. Assim, buscamos compreender como a indústria de calçados do referido estado se configura mediante as alterações decorrentes nos últimos vinte anos. Neste caso, os sistemas industriais localizados tradicionais na produção calçadista (Jaú, Birigui e Franca) resistem à reestruturação do setor ao articularem formas fordistas e flexíveis, por meio da disjunção funcional das atividades em múltiplas escalas, conformando um complexo circuito espacial da produção.
DINÂMICA SOCIOECONÔMICA NO ESPAÇO AGRÁRIO DO MUNICÍPIO DE CATALÃO (GO)
Authors: Silva Juniele Martins
Published: August 2019

O espaço agrário brasileiro passou por intensas transformações após a segunda metade do século XX, principalmente na década de 1970. Nesse período houve a expansão da modernização da agricultura, o que ocasionou um significativo aumento na produção agrícola para a exportação. O estado de Goiás e consequentemente o município de Catalão, passaram por um intenso processo de modernização da agricultura a partir de 1970. Nesse sentido, objetiva-se compreender as transformações do espaço agrário do município de Catalão (GO), dando ênfase na expansão da modernização da agricultura a partir da década de 1970. Para a realização do trabalho foi realizado: pesquisa teórica e pesquisa documental. No município de Catalão (GO), do mesmo modo que no Brasil, a modernização da agricultura não se deu de forma homogênea, assim favoreceu a concentração fundiária, atingiu as áreas de chapada (relevo plano) e beneficiou os médios e grandes proprietários/produtores rurais.
DESASTRES: NATUREZA OU SOCIEDADE?
Authors: Cunha Souza Mariana Cristina
Published: August 2019

Resenha do livro:

NUNES, Lucí Hidalgo. Urbanização e desastres naturais, abrangência América do Sul. São Paulo: Oficina de Textos, 2015. 112 p. ISBN: 978-85-7975-179-0. Preço de capa: R$ 47,00.
Effect of Gilsonite Use on Storage Stability of Styrene-butadiene-styrene Modified Bitumen
Authors: Yalcın Erkut , Çeloğlu Muhammed Ertuğrul , Akpolat Mustafa , Erdoğan Yamaç Özge , Alataş Taner , Kök Baha Vural , Yılmaz Mehmet
Published: August 2019

Styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) polymer is one of the most preferred additives to improve performance in hot mix asphalt pavements. The storage instability, in other words, the separation of a polymer-rich phase from the bitumen-rich phase in the course of storage and transportation is one of the prevalent problems in SBS modified bitumen. The present study attempted to obtain modified bitumen at the same performance level with the SBS modified bitumen, but stable with respect to the storage stability. For this purpose, both SBS and American Gilsonite (AG) were used in modified bitumen production. It was determined that modified bitumen at the same performance level was obtained with the use of 5 % SBS or 18 % AG in bitumen modification. It was also determined that the performance levels of the modified bitumen obtained with the use of 2 % SBS + 13 % AG, 3 % SBS + 10 % AG and 4 % SBS + 6 % AG were similar. Additionally, 2 %, 3 % and 4 % SBS modified bitumen were used for the assessment of storage stability properties of the SBS modified binders. These 8 different modified bitumen samples were tested for storage stability based on the EN 13399 standard. Penetration, softening point, rotational viscometer, bending beam rheometer, and dynamic shear rheometer tests were conducted on the samples. Based on all conducted tests, it was determined that more stable binders were obtained with the use of AG and SBS in terms of storage stability compared to solely SBS modified bitumen.
Kebijakan Operasional Praktik Khitan Perempuan di Kabupaten Brebes
Authors: Kusumastuti Istiana
Published: August 2019

Khitan perempuan secara umum sebanding dengan khitan terhadap laki-laki. Hanya saja, karena secara anatomis antara keduanya berbeda, maka tata caranya juga berbeda. Khitan laki-laki dilakukan dengan membuang kulup yang menutupi penis, sedangkan pada perempuan dilakukan denga membuang “kulup” yang menutupi klitoris. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menyusun kebijakan operasional praktik khitan perempuan di Kabupaten Brebes tahun 2015. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan kualitatif melalui pendekatan observational serta metode pengumpulan data menggunakan indepth interview (wawancara mendalam) yang dilakukan kepada sumber informasi (informan) yang berhubungan dengan praktik khitan perempuan. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa bentuk kebijakan operasional praktik khitan perempuan berisi tentang status hukum khitan perempuan, tenaga pelaksana khitan perempuan, peralatan khitan perempuan, metode khitan perempuan dan prosedur khitan perempuan. Di Kabupaten Brebes kebijakan operasional praktik khitan perempuan belum dapat direalisasikan pelaksanaannya. Jadi dapat disimpulkan belum membudayanya praktik khitan perempuan di Kabupaten Brebes. Disarankan bentuk Kebijakan Operasional Praktik Khitan Perempuan sebaiknya lebih dipahami dan ditelaah agar dapat digunakan seoptimal mungkin, bagi pemerintah sebaiknya melakukan sosialisasi kepada masyarakat mengenai khitan perempuan yang lebih tepat, selanjutnya Kepala Dinas Kesehatan, Ketua IBI dan petugas KIA hendaknya meningkatkan pemahaman terkait khitan perempuan, kemudian MUI dan Ulama Kabupaten Brebes dapat mengoptimalkan sosialisasi praktik khitan perempuan agar masyarakat memahami manfaat khitan perempuan.
Pengaruh Pengetahuan tentang Seksual, Dorongan Seksual dan Media Pornografi terhadap Perilaku Seksual Remaja Pranikah
Authors: Nurainih Nurainih , Darmadja Sobar
Published: August 2019

Remaja merupakan salah satu tahapan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan dalam siklus kehidupan manusia. Perilaku seksual yang  tidak sehat di kalangan remaja khususnya remaja yang belum menikah cenderung meningkat. Dengan terbukanya arus komunikasi dan informasi menyebabkan munculnya dorongan seksual yang mendorong keingintahuannya akan pengalaman seksual. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui pengaruh langsung dan tidak langsung serta besarannya antara pengetahuan tentang seksual, dorongan seksual dan media pornografi terhadap perilaku seksual remaja pranikah di Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta RayaTahun 2013. Penelitian menggunakan desain cross sectional dan dilakukan di Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya dari Bulan Desember 2013. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 60 orang. Hasil uji pengetahuan terhadap perilaku seksual remaja menunjukkan ada pengaruh positif 18,86 %, dorongan seksual terhadap perilaku seksual remaja ada pengaruh positif 57,60 % dan media pornografi terhadap perilaku seksual remaja ada pengaruh positif 28,01 %, sedangkan media pornografi terhadap dorongan seksual ada pengaruh sebesar 27,54% dan pengetahuan terhadap dorongan seksual ada pengaruh sebesar 62,58%. Dengan hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberi sumbangan pengetahuan yang benar dan dapat digunakan dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan terkait media pornografi yang dapat mempengaruhi remaja melakukan hubugan seksual diluar nikah, dengan demikian remaja dapat memilih dan memilah yang baik dan benar dalam pergaulan.
Beberapa Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Cakupan Imunisasi Campak Rubella (MR) pada Bayi Usia 24 Bulan
Authors: Yuliani Yovi
Published: August 2019

Abstrak
Upaya yang harus dilakukan untuk menurunkan angka kesakitan dan kematian akibat penyakit campak rubella adalah dengan pemberian imunisasi campak rubella.  program imunisasi nasional yang wajib diberikan pada bayi usia 9-24 bulan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui beberapa yang berhubungan dengan Cakupan Imunisasi Campak Rubella di UPF Puskesmas Karadenan Kabupaten Bogor Tahun 2018. Penelitian  bersifat deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional, tehnik pengumpulan data sekunder berasal dari data buku register, populasi seluruh ibu-ibu yang mempunyai bayi usia 9-12 bulan sebanyak 2325 orang, sampel penelitian yaitu sebanyak 160 orang.  Hasil penelitian menunjukan bayi usia 9-24 bulan mendaptkan imunisasi sebanyak 96 responden (60%) yang yang tidak mendapatkan imunisasi sebanyak 64 responden (40%), distribusi frekuensi berdasarkan usia responden berada pada rentan usia 20->5 tahun yaitu (65%), frekuensi berdasarkan pendidikan yaitu berpendidikan tinggi yaitu (61,3%), frekuensi berdasarkan paritas responden multi/grande yaitu (82,5%), frekuensi jarak tempuh dekat yaitu (72,5%), frekuensi  penghasilan   rendah yaitu (52,5%). Simpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah adanya hubungan cakupan imunisasi campak dengan umur, pendidikan, jarak tempuh dan penghasilan ibu. Sedangkan tidak terdapat adanya hubungan signifikan antar acakupan imunisasi campak dengan paritas ibu. Saran untuk lebih ditingkatkan cakupan imunisasi campak rubella dengan memberikan penyuluhan kepada ibu tentang pentingnya imunisasi campak  rubella.
 
Kata Kunci : Cakupan, Imunisasi, Campak Rubella
Determinan Kejadian Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) pada Balita
Authors: Jayatmi Irma , Imaniyah Ervi
Published: August 2019

Penyakit ISPA merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian utama pada bayi dan balita di negara berkembang. Tujuan umum penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara gizi kurang, BBLR dan kurangnya imunisasi campak dengan kejadian ISPA pada balita di Puskesmas Kecamatan Cilandak tahun 2018. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang menggunakan metode survei analitik dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Data diperoleh dari data primer melalui wawancara dan observasi dengan menggunakan kuesioner sebagai instrumen penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari 97 responden sebanyak 45 balita (46,4 %) mengalami ISPA, 7 balita (7,2 %) mengalami gizi kurang, 6 balita (6,2 %) memiliki riwayat BBLR, dan 16 (16,5 %) kurang mendapatkan imunisasi campak. Berdasarkan hasil analisis bivariat, nilai P-value gizi kurang=0,047, artinya ada hubungan antara gizi kurang dengan kejadian ISPA, nilai P-value BBLR=0,093, artinya tidak ada hubungan antara BBLR dengan kejadian ISPA dan nilai P-value kurangnya imunisasi campak=0,015, artinya ada hubungan antara kurangnya imunisasi campak dengan kejadian ISPA. Kesimpulannya adalah terdapat dua variabel bebas yang berhubungan dengan kejadian ISPA, yaitu gizi kurang dan kurangnya imunisasi campak. Sarannya adalah bagi orang tua yang memiliki anak yang menderita ISPA diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang ISPA serta faktor-faktor penyebabnya.
Kualitas Pelayanan Bidan dan Keluhan Pasien Dengan Loyalitas Pasien Pasca Persalinan Peserta BPJS
Authors: Lail Nurul Husnul
Published: August 2019

Kualitas adalah karakteristik langsung dari suatu produk seperti performan, kehandalan, mudah dalam penggunaan (easy of care) dan estetika (esthetic). Keluhan pelanggan adalah Ketidakadilan yang dirasaka oleh pelanggan. Loyalitas pelanggan adalah komitmen yang sangat tinggi untuk melakukan pembelian ulang atau mengulang pola pembelian produk atau jasa yang disukai secara konsisten, serta merekomendasikan kepada orang lain. Studi ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional . Populasi yang digunakan adalah semua ibu yang datang setelah bersalin di Rumah Bersalin Bunda Mulya Parungpanjang, cara pengambilan sampel yaitu secara total sampling. Data diperoleh dari hasil wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner pada 56 ibu yang melakukan kunjungan ulang setelah bersalin di Rumah Bersalin Bunda Mulya. Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat, bivariat, dan multivaraiat (regresi logistik). Dari hasil penelitian ini didapatkan hubungan yang signifakan diperlihatkan Responsiveness menyatakan puas dan loyal, sedangkan dimensi Assurance menyatakan puas dan loyal, keadilan prosedural sebanyak 75% menyatakan setuju dan loyal, keadilan distributif sebanyak 52,8% tidak setuju namun loyal dan keadilan interaksional sebanyak 72.3% menyatakan setuju dan loyal. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini berdasarkan hubungan kualitas pelayanan terhadap loyalitas pasien terdapat hubungan yang signifikan yaitu Responsiveness dan Empathy. Namun pada keluhan didapatkan semua varibel berhungan dengan loyalitas. Analisis regresi logistik menunjukan variabel yang paling dominan adalah Keadilan Prosedural
Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Terhadap Perilaku Personal Hygiene Mentruasi
Authors: Putri Nicky Antika , Setianingsih Ajeng
Published: August 2019

Perilaku higienis merupakan tema penting yang perlu ditelaah secara mendalam. Hal ini karena berdasarkan kajian teoretis yang ada salah satu upaya mengurangi gangguan pada saat menstruasi yaitu membiasakan diri dengan perilaku higienis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap tentang personal hygiene menstruasi terhadap perilaku personal hygiene remaja puteri pada saat menstruasi di SMP Patriot Kranji Tahun 2014. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Jumlah responden dalam penelitian ini 102 orang dengan teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu total sampel. Penyajian data dilakukan dengan menggunakan tabel distribusi frekuensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan responden tergolong kurang sebesar (53,9%), sikap kurang baik (80,4%), dan perilaku terbesar (70,6%) yaitu kurang. Dari analisa bivariat ada hubungan pengetahuan tentang personal hygiene menstruasi terhadap perilaku personal hygiene remaja puteri pada saat menstruasi (p=0,046), dan ada hubungan sikap tentang personal hygiene menstruasi terhadap perilaku personal hygiene remaja puteri pada saat menstruasi (p=0,000). Untuk remaja putri lebih menjaga kebersihan diri pada saat menstruasi dengan cara membersihkan alat kelamin dari depan kebelakang, mengganti pembalut setiap3-4 jam serta mengganti celana dalam jika sudah terkena noda darah.
Hubungan Komunikasi Terapeutik Perawat dengan Kepuasan Pasien Rawat Inap di Rumah Sakit
Authors: Daryanti Cica , Priyono Slamet
Published: August 2019

Komunikasi terapeutik yang baik akan menciptakan hubungan saling percaya antara perawat dan pasien. Dengan demikian, pasien akan merasa puas dan nyaman terhadap pelayanan yang diberikan perawat sehingga meningkatkan semangat dan motivasi pasien untuk sembuh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan komunikasi terapeutik perawat dengan kepuasan pasien rawat inap di Rumah Sakit Grha Permata Ibu Depok tahun 2016. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian Cross Sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pasien rawat inap di Rumah Sakit Grha Permata Ibu Depok. Pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan accidental sampling, maka didapatkan jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 40 responden. Instrument penelitian menggunakan kuesioner dan pengolahan data menggunakan program. Hasil penelitian diperoleh dari 40 responden sebanyak 24 responden merasa puas dengan pelayanan rawai inap dan sebanyak 23 responden menilai komunikasi terapeutik perawat baik. Uji hipotesis chi square antara komunikasi terapeutik perawat terhadap kepuasan pasien rawat inap di Rumah Sakit Grha Permata Ibu Depok diperoleh p-value sebesar 0,016 dan nilai Odds Ratio (OR) sebesar 6,600. Kesimpulan penelitian ini ada hubungan komunikasi terapeutik perawat terhadap kepuasan pasien rawat inap di Rumah Sakit Grha Permata Ibu Depok tahun 2016. Diharapkan manajemen atau Diklat Rumah Sakit Grha Permata Ibu Depok untuk mendukung serta memfasilitasi perawat dalam meningkatkan komunikasi terapeutiknya, dengan mengirimkan perawatnya dalam pelatihan, workshop, bimbingan teknis khusus maupun seminar mengenai komunikasi terapeutik yang baik.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Ibu Post Sectio Caesarea dan Dukungan Suami dengan Pelaksanaan Mobilisasi Dini
Authors: Futriani Elfira Sri , Janati Sri Baeti
Published: August 2019

Mobilisasi dini adalah  sesegra  mungkin membimbing ibu keluar dari tempat tidurnya  dan membimbing ibu sesegra mungkin bisa berjalan secara bertahap. Agar proses mobilisasi ini dapat berjalan dengan baik sangat terkait dengan pengetahuan ibu post partum dengan secsio cesaria  dan dukungan suami.Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan ibu post sectio caesarea dan dukungan suami dengan pelaksanaan mobilisasi dini di RS Anna Medika Bekasi tahun 2018. Metode  penelitian yang digunakan adalah analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu post sectio caesarea di RS Anna Medika Bekasi yang dirawat pada tanggal 26 Januari s/d 20 Februari 2018 sebanyak 50 orang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian analisis univariat terbanyak pada responden yang melakukan mobilisasi dini (80%), pengetahuan baik (56%) dan mendapat dukungan dari suami (62%). Analisis bivariat menunjukkan adanya hubungan pengetahuan (Pv=0,001) dan dukungan suami (Pv=0,007) dengan pelaksanaan mobilisasi dini. Diharapkan kepada suami agar memberikan dukungan kepada pasien pasca operasi SC.
Perbedaan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Remaja Sebelum dan Sesudah Promosi kesehatan Tentang Dampak Rokok
Authors: Sulastri Sulastri , Rindu Rindu
Published: August 2019

Rokok merupakan penyebab kematian utama di dunia dan merupakan satu-satunya produk legal yang membunuh hingga setengah penggunanya.Banyak faktor siswa untuk merokok salah satu yang mempengaruhi kebiasaan tersebut adalah pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap bahaya rokok itu sendiri. Pengetahuan dan sikap dapat dirubah dengan memberikan intervensi promosi kesehatan berupa penyuluhan kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini  untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengetahuan dan sikap remaja sebelum dan sesudah promosi kesehatan tentang dampak rokok pada anak sekolah di SMPN 1 Klari Kabupaten Karawang. Penelitian ini menggunakan disain  praeksperimen dengan rancangan One Group Pretest Posttest. Populasi yang diteliti adalah siswa kelas VII sebanyak 210 siswa. Sampel yang diambil berjumlah 138 siswa sesuai krtiteria inklusi. Tehnik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan tehnik Accidental Sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pengetahuan siswa sebelum diberikan intervensi promosi kesehatan memiliki rata-rata nilai 18,40%  sesudah diberikan intervensi promosi kesehatan 18,87%. Sikap siswa sebelum diberikan intervensi promosi kesehatan memiliki rata-rata nilai 43,80%  sesudah diberikan intervensi promosi kesehatan 46,43%. Hasil uji Paired –sample T test dengan tingkat signifikan (α = 0,005) di dapatkan ρvalue = 0,000 disimpulkan terdapat perbedaan pengetahuan dan sikap remaja sebelum dan sesudah promosi kesehatan tentang dampak rokok pada anak sekolah di SMPN 1 Klari Kabupaten Karawang. Bagi pihak sekolah diharapkan memberikan pengetahuan tentang dampak rokok sedini mungkin,dan siswa diharapkan tidak terjerumus dalam aktifitas yang merugikan. Pihak puskesmas diharapkan untuk giat dalam memberikan penyuluhan kesehatan tentang dampak rokok.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM POSING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR FISIKA
Authors: Fatimah Fatimah
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuasi eksperimen dengan desain penelitian Non-Equivalent Control Group design yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan ada tidaknya perbedaan terhadap hasil belajar fisika siswa antara yang diajar dengan model pembelajaran problem posing dan siswa yang diajar secara konvensional Kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Palibelo tahun pelajaran 2018/2019. Sampel dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari dua kelas yaitu siswa X IPA1dan kelas X IPA2 SMA Negeri 1Palibelo dengan jumlah peserta didik sebanyak 54 orang. Pengolahan data hasil penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif dengan program SPSS untuk menggambarkan hasil belajar fisika siswa dan analisis inferensial untuk menguji hipotesis penelitian. Berdasarkan hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukkan bahwa setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran problem posing terhadap hasil belajar fisika siswa lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan siswa yang menggunakan pembelajaran konvensional. Selanjutnya dianalisis juga menggunakan Normalitas, dimana hasil yang diperoleh untuk skor hasil belajar fisika pada kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelas kontrol meskipun perbedaannya tidak berbeda jauh. Sedangkan untuk hasil uji hipotesis dua pihak menunjukkan bahwa Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima, jadi hasil yang diperoleh bahwa Ha diterima artinya terdapat perbedaan peningkatan antara kemampuan hasil belajar fisika yang diajar menggunakan model pembelajaran problem posing dengan siswa yang diajar secara konvensional siswa Kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Palibelo tahun pelajaran 2018/2019.
LMI Pole Regions for a Robust Discrete-Time Pole Placement Controller Design
Authors: Rosinová Danica , Hypiusová Mária
Published: August 2019

Herein, robust pole placement controller design for linear uncertain discrete time dynamic systems is addressed. The adopted approach uses the so called “D regions” where the closed loop system poles are determined to lie. The discrete time pole regions corresponding to the prescribed damping of the resulting closed loop system are studied. The key issue is to determine the appropriate convex approximation to the originally non-convex discrete-time system pole region, so that numerically efficient robust controller design algorithms based on Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMI) can be used. Several alternatives for relatively simple inner approximations and their corresponding LMI descriptions are presented. The developed LMI region for the prescribed damping can be arbitrarily combined with other LMI pole limitations (e.g., stability degree). Simple algorithms to calculate the matrices for LMI representation of the proposed convex pole regions are provided in a concise way. The results and their use in a robust controller design are illustrated on a case study of a laboratory magnetic levitation system.
Effects of Dietary Alkyl Polyglycoside Supplementation on Lactation Performance, Blood Parameters and Nutrient Digestibility in Dairy Cows
Authors: Zhang Xiaoli , Jiang Chunyu , Gao Qinghua , Wu Duanqin , Tang Shaoxun , Tan Zhiliang , Han Xuefeng
Published: August 2019

This study evaluated the effects of alkyl polyglycoside (APG), which is a non-ionic surfactant, on lactation performance, nutrient digestibility and blood metabolites in dairy cows. Twenty dairy cows were randomly divided into four groups and fed a basal diet that included pelleted concentrate, distillers grains, and fresh limpograss. The four treatments included 0, 5.5, 11 and 22 mL APG per kg of pelleted concentrate on a dry matter basis; treatments were defined as APG0, APG5.5, APG11, and APG22, respectively. Dry matter intake was not affected by APG supplementation. There was an increase in milk yield (from 13.96 to 16.71 kg/day) and increases in milk fat (quadratic, p = 0.04), protein (quadratic, p = 0.10), and lactose concentrations (linear, p = 0.07) with increasing APG supplementation. In addition, APG supplementation increased (p ≤ 0.03) the milk fat, protein, solid non-fat, and total solid yields, while the lactose yield increased (linear, p = 0.01) as the APG level increased. Dietary APG supplementation had no effect on nutrient digestibility and blood metabolites. It was concluded that the addition of APG at doses up to 22 mL/kg of pelleted concentrate had positive effects on the milk composition in dairy cows.
The Opuntia effect and the Reactivation of Ovarian Function and Blood Metabolite Concentrations of Anestrous Goats Exposed to Active Males
Authors: Meza-Herrera Cesar A. , Romero-Rodríguez Carlos A. , Nevárez-Dominguez Adrian , Flores-Hernández Arnoldo , Cano-Villegas Omag , Macías-Cruz Ulises , Mellado Miguel , Calderón-Leyva Guadalupe , Carrillo-Moreno Dalia , Véliz-Deras Francisco G.
Published: August 2019

The effect of protein enriched Opuntia cladodes supplementation upon changes of serum total protein, urea, cholesterol, glucose as related to estrus induction (EI%), estrus latency (EL, h), and ovulation rate (OR, units) in adult anestrous goats exposed to the male effect was evaluated. In late April, anestrus goats (n = 45, 25° N) homogeneous regarding live weight (LE; 43.8 ± 1.6 kg) and body condition score (BCS; 2.3 ± 0.1 units) were randomly assigned to: (1). Protein-enriched Opuntia (PEO; n = 15; 29.8% CP, 2.2 Mcal ME kg−1), (2). Non-enriched Opuntia (NEO; n = 15; 6.4% CP, 2.1 Mcal ME kg−1), and (3). Control (CON; n = 15). NEO and PEO goats were individually supplemented with cladodes (160 g d−1; 0900–1000 h), thereafter all groups grazed in a marginal rangeland (1000–1800 h). Neither LW (p > 0.05) nor BCS (p > 0.05) differed among groups, yet an increased (p < 0.05) EI % (100, 57, 42 ± 0.16%), EL h (62, 60, 32 ± 4.2 h), and OR (1.33, 0.71, 0.43 ± 0.23 units) occurred in PEO and NEO vs. CONT, respectively. However, neither blood metabolites differed among groups nor a treatment x time interaction occurred. Peri-breeding protein enriched Opuntia cladodes supplementation of anestrous goats exposed to active males increased (p < 0.01) reproductive outcomes during the non-breeding season.
The Natural-Based Antitumor Compound T21 Decreases Survivin Levels through Potent STAT3 Inhibition in Lung Cancer Models
Authors: Martínez-García David , Pérez-Hernández Marta , Korrodi-Gregório Luís , Quesada Roberto , Ramos Ricard , Baixeras Núria , Pérez-Tomás Ricardo , Soto-Cerrato Vanessa
Published: August 2019

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide; hence novel treatments for this malignancy are eagerly needed. Since natural-based compounds represent a rich source of novel chemical entities in drug discovery, we have focused our attention on tambjamines, natural compounds isolated from marine invertebrates that have shown diverse pharmacological activities. Based on these structures, we have recently identified the novel indole-based tambjamine analog 21 (T21) as a promising antitumor agent, which modulates the expression of apoptotic proteins such as survivin. This antiapoptotic protein plays an important role in carcinogenesis and chemoresistance. In this work, we have elucidated the molecular mechanism by which the anticancer compound T21 exerts survivin inhibition and have validated this protein as a therapeutic target in different lung cancer models. T21 was able to reduce survivin protein levels in vitro by repressing its gene expression through the blockade of Janus kinase/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription-3 (JAK/STAT3)/survivin signaling pathway. Interestingly, this occurred even when the pathway was overstimulated with its ligand interleukin 6 (IL-6), which is frequently overexpressed in lung cancer patients who show poor clinical outcomes. Altogether, these results show T21 as a potent anticancer compound that effectively decreases survivin levels through STAT3 inhibition in lung cancer, appearing as a promising therapeutic drug for cancer treatment.
Vindoline—A Natural Product from Catharanthus Roseus Reduces Hyperlipidemia and Renal Pathophysiology in Experimental Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Oguntibeju Oluwafemi , Aboua Yapo , Goboza Mediline
Published: August 2019

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and kidney diseases in diabetes are linked to increased mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of vindoline derived from Catharanthus roseus in diabetes-induced CVDs and kidney disease through assessing inflammation, oxidative stress, hyperlipidaemia and kidney function parameters. Type 2 diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats by 10% fructose water intake for two weeks, followed by a single intraperitoneal injection of 40 mg/kg body weight of streptozotocin (STZ). Six groups (n = 8) of randomly divided rats received vindoline (20 mg/kg) or glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) daily for 6 weeks via oral gavage. Lipid profile markers and markers of atherogenic index were decreased in diabetic rats after treatment with vindoline and glibenclamide. The levels of urea were significantly increased in the diabetic control group (13.66 ± 0.9) compared to the diabetic groups treated with vindoline and glibenclamide (10.62 ± 0.6 and 10.82 ± 0.8), respectively. Vindoline did not significantly alter the levels of inflammatory cytokines; however glibenclamide lowered the levels of TNF-α in kidney and heart tissues. Vindoline improved the ferric reducing antioxidant power in diabetic hearts, while superoxide dismutase (SOD) oxygen radical absorbance capacity was increased in the kidneys. Lipid peroxidation was reduced when compared to the diabetic controls. Vindoline restored the structure of the renal parenchyma and was accompanied by significant decrease in the expression of caspase 9 in diabetic rats when compared to the diabetic controls.
Long-Term Cognitive Performance of Retired Athletes with Sport-Related Concussion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Yanjie , Ma Yongzhi , Chen Shihui , Liu Xiaolei , Kang Hye Jung , Nelson Siera , Bell Samantha
Published: August 2019

Objective: The purpose of this systematic review is to quantitatively estimate (or invest) the impacts of sports-related concussions (SRCs) on cognitive performance among retired athletes more than 10 years after retirement. Methods: Six databases including (MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, and PsycArtilces) were employed to retrieve the related studies. Studies that evaluate the association between cognitive function and the SRC of retired athletes sustaining more than 10 years were included. Results: A total of 11 studies that included 792 participants (534 retired athletes with SRC) were identified. The results indicated that the retired athletes with SRCs, compared to the non-concussion group, had significant cognitive deficits in verbal memory (SMD = −0.29, 95% CI −0.59 to −0.02, I2 = 52.8%), delayed recall (SMD = −0.30, 95% CI –0.46 to 0.07, I2 = 27.9%), and attention (SMD = −0.33, 95% CI −0.59 to −0.06, I2 = 0%). Additionally, meta-regression demonstrated that the period of time between testing and the last concussion is significantly associated with reduced verbal memory (β = −0.03681, p = 0.03), and increasing age is significantly associated with the verbal memory (β = −0.03767, p = 0.01), immediate recall (β = −0.08684, p = 0.02), and delay recall (β = −0.07432, p = 0.02). Conclusion: The retired athletes who suffered from SRCs during their playing career had declined cognitive performance in partial domains (immediate recall, visuospatial ability, and reaction time) later in life.
Critical Performance Aspects of Retrofitting Apartment Buildings Using a Multifunctional Façade System
Authors: Paiho Satu , Ojanen Tuomo , Pinto Seppä Isabel , Paavola Martta
Published: August 2019

There is huge market potential for energy refurbishment solutions in European buildings. This paper analyzes the challenges related to using a multifunctional energy efficient façade system, the “Meefs” system, in retrofitting multi-family apartment buildings. Similar challenges often occur also in other comparable façade renovation solutions. The focus is on hygrothermal performance even as other aspects are also discussed. After introducing the hygrothermal performance challenges of the Meefs system, numerical case analyses are performed in three different climatic conditions. The results for 26 cases are presented. A core result is that the drying of any exterior renovation system is mandatory to guarantee safe operation in different European climate conditions. This emphasizes proper design needs in all climates. Based on the analyses, design recommendations can be given for the Meefs system. In Central and Northern European climates, the system contains challenges which may hinder implementation in practice.
A Role for the WNT Co-Receptor LRP6 in Pathogenesis and Therapy of Epithelial Cancers
Authors: Raisch Jennifer , Côté-Biron Anthony , Rivard Nathalie
Published: August 2019

The WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway controls stem and progenitor cell proliferation, survival and differentiation in epithelial tissues. Aberrant stimulation of this pathway is therefore frequently observed in cancers from epithelial origin. For instance, colorectal and hepatic cancers display activating mutations in the CTNNB1 gene encoding β-catenin, or inactivating APC and AXIN gene mutations. However, these mutations are uncommon in breast and pancreatic cancers despite nuclear β-catenin localization, indicative of pathway activation. Notably, the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6), an indispensable co-receptor for WNT, is frequently overexpressed in colorectal, liver, breast and pancreatic adenocarcinomas in association with increased WNT/β -catenin signaling. Moreover, LRP6 is hyperphosphorylated in KRAS-mutated cells and in patient-derived colorectal tumours. Polymorphisms in the LRP6 gene are also associated with different susceptibility to developing specific types of lung, bladder and colorectal cancers. Additionally, recent observations suggest that LRP6 dysfunction may be involved in carcinogenesis. Indeed, reducing LRP6 expression and/or activity inhibits cancer cell proliferation and delays tumour growth in vivo. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding the biological function and regulation of LRP6 in the development of epithelial cancers—especially colorectal, liver, breast and pancreatic cancers.
Evolving Clinical Utility of Liquid Biopsy in Gastrointestinal Cancers
Authors: Jacobson Richard A. , Munding Emily , Hayden Dana M. , Levy Mia , Kuzel Timothy M. , Pappas Sam G. , Masood Ashiq
Published: August 2019

Room for improvement exists regarding recommendations for screening, staging, therapy selection, and frequency of surveillance of gastrointestinal cancers. Screening is costly and invasive, improved staging demands increased sensitivity and specificity to better guide therapy selection. Surveillance requires increased sensitivity for earlier detection and precise management of recurrences. Peripherally collected blood-based liquid biopsies enrich and analyze circulating tumor cells and/or somatic genomic material, including circulating tumor DNA along with various subclasses of RNA. Such assays have the potential to impact clinical practice at multiple stages of management in gastrointestinal cancers. This review summarizes current basic and clinical evidence for the utilization of liquid biopsy in cancers of the esophagus, pancreas, stomach, colon, and rectum. Technical aspects of various liquid biopsy methodologies and targets are reviewed and evidence supporting current commercially available assays is examined. Finally, current clinical applicability, potential future uses, and pitfalls of applying liquid biopsy to the screening, staging and therapeutic management of these diseases are discussed.
Cisplatin-Resistance in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Regulation by Tumor Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles
Authors: Khoo Xin-Hui , Paterson Ian C. , Goh Bey-Hing , Lee Wai-Leng
Published: August 2019

Drug resistance remains a severe problem in most chemotherapy regimes. Recently, it has been suggested that cancer cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) could mediate drug resistance. In this study, the role of EVs in mediating the response of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells to cisplatin was investigated. We isolated and characterized EVs from OSCC cell lines showing differential sensitivities to cisplatin. Increased EV production was observed in both de novo (H314) and adaptive (H103/cisD2) resistant lines compared to sensitive H103 cells. The protein profiles of these EVs were then analyzed. Differences in the proteome of EVs secreted by H103 and H103/cisD2 indicated that adaptation to cisplatin treatment caused significant changes in the secreted nanovesicles. Intriguingly, both resistant H103/cisD2 and H314 cells shared a highly similar EV protein profile including downregulation of the metal ion transporter, ATP1B3, in the EVs implicating altered drug delivery. ICP-MS analysis revealed that less cisplatin accumulated in the resistant cells, but higher levels were detected in their EVs. Therefore, we inhibited EV secretion from the cells using a proton pump inhibitor and observed an increased drug sensitivity in cisplatin-resistant H314 cells. This finding suggests that control of EV secretion could be a potential strategy to enhance the efficacy of cancer treatment.
Characterization of Cell Glycocalyx with Mass Spectrometry Methods
Authors: Li Qiongyu , Xie Yixuan , Wong Maurice , Lebrilla Carlito
Published: August 2019

The cell membrane plays an important role in protecting the cell from its extracellular environment. As such, extensive work has been devoted to studying its structure and function. Crucial intercellular processes, such as signal transduction and immune protection, are mediated by cell surface glycosylation, which is comprised of large biomolecules, including glycoproteins and glycosphingolipids. Because perturbations in glycosylation could result in dysfunction of cells and are related to diseases, the analysis of surface glycosylation is critical for understanding pathogenic mechanisms and can further lead to biomarker discovery. Different mass spectrometry-based techniques have been developed for glycan analysis, ranging from highly specific, targeted approaches to more comprehensive profiling studies. In this review, we summarized the work conducted for extensive analysis of cell membrane glycosylation, particularly those employing liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) in combination with various sample preparation techniques.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Regenerative Medicine
Authors: Han Yu , Li Xuezhou , Zhang Yanbo , Han Yuping , Chang Fei , Ding Jianxun
Published: August 2019

In recent decades, the biomedical applications of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have attracted increasing attention. MSCs are easily extracted from the bone marrow, fat, and synovium, and differentiate into various cell lineages according to the requirements of specific biomedical applications. As MSCs do not express significant histocompatibility complexes and immune stimulating molecules, they are not detected by immune surveillance and do not lead to graft rejection after transplantation. These properties make them competent biomedical candidates, especially in tissue engineering. We present a brief overview of MSC extraction methods and subsequent potential for differentiation, and a comprehensive overview of their preclinical and clinical applications in regenerative medicine, and discuss future challenges.
Microstructure and Properties of CrAlSiN Coatings Deposited by HiPIMS and Direct-Current Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Fan Qixiang , Liang Yangmengtian , Wu Zhenghuan , Liu Yanmei , Wang Tiegang
Published: August 2019

Four CrAlSiN coatings with different Al contents were prepared by varying Al sputtering power using a combined method of high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) and direct current magnetron sputtering (DCMS). Microstructure, chemical compositions and mechanical properties of the four coatings were characterized by XRD, XPS, SEM, TEM, nano-indentation etc. Results showed that the four coatings possessed face-centered cubic (fcc) CrN phase with Al and part of Si dissolved in it. Another part of Si existed as amorphous phase in the coatings. All the four coatings had columnar structure and formed in epitaxy growth by template effect. With increasing Al sputtering power, the Al content increased from 11.4 to 17.6 at.% gradually, while the Cr content decreased a little. The hardness of the CrAlSiN coatings increased initially probably due to the refinement of the coating grain size, while it decreased afterwards mainly caused by the aggregation of small particles leading to rougher surface and defects formed in the coatings. The elastic modulus and adhesive strength possessed the same variation tendency as the hardness versus Al sputtering power. The CrAlSiN coating with Al sputtering power of about 0.8 kW had the highest hardness of about 26.7 GPa and adhesive strength of about 27.2 N.
Mechanism Design with Singularity Avoidance of Crystal-Inspired Deployable Structures
Authors: Chen Yao , Yan Jiayi , Feng Jian
Published: August 2019

Although deployable structures have important applications in various fields, developing a new form of structural configuration faces some scientific challenges. Furthermore, kinematic singularity frequently exists in these structures, which has a negative impact on deployment performance and stiffness. To deal with these problems, this paper obtains inspiration from crystals on two-dimensional (2D) space, and aims at developing symmetric deployable structures assembled by identical link members and periodic units. Mobility and compatibility conditions of crystal-inspired deployable structures are given, and a detailed design for novel joints with bevels gears is proposed to avoid singularity of these symmetric structures. According to feasible solutions to the compatibility conditions, several types of deployable structures are developed and verified to be mobile with a single degree of freedom. The results show that the proposed joint with bevel gears has a satisfactory singularity avoidance capability, and the assembled structures exhibit a good deployment performance. Because a crystal-inspired deployable structure can be gradually deployed to cover a large area, it has a potential engineering application as a macroscopic or mesoscale structure.
Cross Taxon Congruence Between Lichens and Vascular Plants in a Riparian Ecosystem
Authors: Bacaro Giovanni , Tordoni Enrico , Martellos Stefano , Maccherini Simona , Marignani Michela , Muggia Lucia , Petruzzellis Francesco , Napolitano Rossella , Da Re Daniele , Guidi Tommaso , Benesperi Renato , Gonnelli Vincenzo , Lastrucci Lorenzo
Published: August 2019

Despite that congruence across taxa has been proved as an effective tool to provide insights into the processes structuring the spatial distribution of taxonomic groups and is useful for conservation purposes, only a few studies on cross-taxon congruence focused on freshwater ecosystems and on the relations among vascular plants and lichens. We hypothesized here that, since vascular plants could be good surrogates of lichens in these ecosystems, it would be possible to assess the overall biodiversity of riparian habitats using plant data only. In this frame, we explored the relationship between (a) species richness and (b) community composition of plants and lichens in a wetland area located in central Italy to (i) assess whether vascular plants are good surrogates of lichens and (ii) to test the congruence of patterns of species richness and composition among plants and lichens along an ecological gradient. The general performance of plant species richness per se, as a biodiversity surrogate of lichens, had poor results. Nonetheless, the congruence in compositional patterns between lichens and vascular plants varied across habitats and was influenced by the characteristics of the vegetation. In general, we discussed how the strength of the studied relationships could be influenced by characteristics of the data (presence/absence vs. abundance), by the spatial scale, and by the features of the habitats. Overall, our data confirm that the more diverse and structurally complex the vegetation is, the more diverse are the lichen communities it hosts.