bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DNA Methylation in Gestational Diabetes and its Predictive Value for Postpartum Glucose Disturbances
Authors: Ballesteros Mónica , Gil-Lluís Pilar , Ejarque Miriam , Diaz-Perdigones Cristina , Martinez-Guasch Laia , Fernández-Veledo Sonia , Vendrell Joan , Megía Ana
Published: August 2022

Context

DNA methylation in the diagnosis of gestational diabetes.

Objective

To assess the value of DNA methylation in the diagnosis of gestational diabetes (GDM) and in the prediction of maternal postpartum glucose disturbances.

Methods

Two-stage observational study performed between July 2006 and December 2010, at University Hospital. Forty-eight randomly selected pregnant women formed the discovery cohort (24 with GDM and 24 controls) and 252 pregnant women (94 with GDM and 158 controls) formed the replication cohort. GDM women were re-evaluated 4 years postpartum. The main outcome measures were GDM, type 2 diabetes or prediabetes at 4 years postpartum.

Results

We identified 3 CpG sites related to LINC00917, TRAPPC9, and LEF1 that were differentially methylated in women with GDM and abnormal glucose tolerance; and sites associated with LINC00917 and TRAPPC9 were independently associated with an abnormal glucose tolerance status 4 years postpartum after controlling for clinical variables. Moreover, the site associated with LINC00917 and the combination of the 3 sites had the highest predictive values.

Conclusion

Our results suggest that some of these sites may be implicated in the development of GDM and postpartum abnormal glucose tolerance.
Boreal Plants That Enchant
Authors: Baker Janelle Marie
Published: August 2022

This article describes moments of plant-induced enchantment during community-based environmental monitoring and ethnographic research in Treaty No. 8 sakâwiyiniwak territories. These multispecies ethnographic encounters while collaborating with Elders and friends from Fort McKay First Nation and Bigstone Cree Nation describe how sakâwiyiniwak ecological care is rooted in kinship. Moments of enchantment, or intense moments of noticing and “plant-thinking,” inspire new appreciation of the boreal forest and the many familiar plants that grow within it, illuminating the magic of muskeg tea, frog’s pants, and aspen. Written in the style of lively ethnography, this article focuses on plants of sakâwiyiniwak ceremonial, nutritional, and medicinal use. These plants are often overlooked or are described as nuisance weeds, despite being indigenous plants, by settlers whose decisions and natural resource extraction activities have a direct effect on the survival and well-being of these plants and larger ecosystems. Enchantment brings attention to the deep-seated settler biases against certain types of plants that are common or abundant or, more specifically, not of current commercial value.
A motor neuron disease mouse model reveals a non-canonical profile of senescence biomarkers
Authors: Torres Pascual , Anerillas Carlos , Ramírez-Núñez Omar , Fernàndez Anna , Encinas Mario , Povedano Mònica , Andrés-Benito Pol , Ferrer Isidre , Ayala Victòria , Pamplona Reinald , Portero-Otín Manuel
Published: August 2022

To evaluate senescence mechanisms, including senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), in the motor neuron disease model hSOD1-G93A, we quantified the expression of p16 and p21 and senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) in nervous tissue. As SASP markers, we measured the mRNA levels of Il1a, Il6, Ifna and Ifnb. Furthermore, we explored whether an alteration of alternative splicing is associated with senescence by measuring the Adipor2 cryptic exon inclusion levels, a specific splicing variant repressed by TAR DNA-binding protein (TDP-43; encoded by Tardbp). Transgenic mice showed an atypical senescence profile with high p16 and p21 mRNA and protein in glia, without the canonical increase in SA-β-gal activity. Consistent with SASP, there was an increase in Il1a and Il6 expression, associated with increased TNF-R and M-CSF protein levels, with females being partially protected. TDP-43 splicing activity was compromised in this model, and the senolytic drug Navitoclax did not alter the disease progression. This lack of effect was reproduced in vitro, in contrast to dasatinib and quercetin, which diminished p16 and p21. Our findings show a non-canonical profile of senescence biomarkers in the model hSOD1-G93A.
Statistical considerations for repeatability and reproducibility of quantitative imaging biomarkers
Authors: Ye Shangyuan , Lim Jeong Youn , Huang Wei
Published: August 2022

Quantitative imaging biomarkers (QIBs) are increasingly used in clinical studies. Because many QIBs are derived through multiple steps in image data acquisition and data analysis, QIB measurements can produce large variabilities, posing a significant challenge in translating QIBs into clinical trials, and ultimately, clinical practice. Both repeatability and reproducibility constitute the reliability of a QIB measurement. In this article, we review the statistical aspects of repeatability and reproducibility of QIB measurements by introducing methods and metrics for assessments of QIB repeatability and reproducibility and illustrating the impact of QIB measurement error on sample size and statistical power calculations, as well as predictive performance with a QIB as a predictive biomarker.
Frequency of resistance to first-line antiretroviral therapy observed among HIV patients
Authors: Khan Feroz , Bilal Muhammad , Yaseen Khan Muhammad , Fareezuddin Mian
Published: August 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the frequency of first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) resistance among HIV patients and to identify the factors affecting the drug resistance.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted over a sample of 162 HIV-positive patients attending the Medicine Department of Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar-Pakistan, from July 2020 to January 2021. Blood samples were collected for phylogenic profiles to determine first-line antiretroviral therapy resistance.

Results: The frequency of ART resistance was detected in 64.8% of the enrolled HIV patients. Factors such as patient age, gender, comorbidities, and smoking status had no significant impact on drug resistance. While only body mass index (BMI) significantly affected ART resistance among HIV patients. The drug resistance mutations M184V and K103N were detected in the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), respectively, whereas the mutations G73SC and I47VA were detected in the protease inhibitors (PIs).

Conclusion: There is a high frequency of resistance to first-line antiretroviral therapy among HIV patients presenting to the selected healthcare facility in Peshawar. Furthermore, we found no significant factors impacting ART resistance among HIV patients other than BMI.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.7.6144

How to cite this:Khan F, Bilal M, Khan MY, Fareezuddin M. Frequency of resistance to first-line antiretroviral therapy observed among HIV patients. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(7):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.7.6144

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Lupeol and pristimerin do not inhibit activation of the human sperm CatSper Ca(2+)-channel
Authors: Rehfeld Anders , Marcus Pedersen Christian
Published: August 2022

Opposing findings have been published on the regulation of the sperm-specific Ca2+ channel CatSper (cation channel of sperm) in human sperm cells by the plant triterpenoids lupeol and pristimerin. While the original study on this topic found these triterpenoids to act as potent inhibitors of human CatSper, subsequent studies have failed to replicate such an inhibitory effect. It has been suggested that these issues could in part be due to purity issues and/or batch variation between the plant-derived extracts of lupeol and pristimerin obtained for the studies. The aim of this study was to elucidate this controversy by investigating the batches of lupeol and pristimerin used in our previous study with state-of-the-art 1H-, 13C- and 2D-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods to reveal potential purity and/or batch variation issues. When comparing the NMR-spectra obtained from 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR with previously published NMR-spectra for lupeol and pristimerin, we could confirm that both the lupeol and pristimerin batch were ≥95 % pure. These results confirm the validity of the findings in our previous study for lupeol and pristimerin, showing that lupeol and pristimerin do not inhibit activation of CatSper in human sperm. In conclusion, using 1H-, 13C- and 2D-NMR methods, we confirm that the lupeol and pristimerin batches used in our previous study were ≥95 % pure and thereby fail to identify any purity issues and/or batch variation that could explain the observed inability of lupeol and pristimerin to inhibit activation of CatSper in human sperm.
Prospects for using charity lotteries in social marketing
Authors: Evgenievich Barykin Sergey , Bozhuk Svetlana , Kozlova Nelli , Krasnostavskaia Nataliia , Mehta Reena , Vinokurov Stepan , Nimenia Inga , Vasilievna Kapustina Irina , Naumova Elena , Dedyukhina Natalia
Published: August 2022

Background: The purpose of this work is to study the prospects of using charity lotteries as a marketing tool for involving consumers and employees in charitable activities.

Methods: The research methodology is based on the principles of the theory of planned behavior by Ajzen.

Results: The study confirmed that behavioral intention is correlated with actual behavior. Subjective norms factors have the most significant influence on behavioral intention.

Conclusions: Correlation analysis allowed us to establish a weak effect of socio-demographic characteristics (Age, Gender, Capital Status, Ownership of Home, Educational Qualification, Employment, Annual Income) on behavior. The experience of participating in the lottery in the past also turned out to be insignificant. There is reason to believe that Russian consumers' decision to participate in the charity lottery is impulsive or due to pressure from their surroundings.
Observation of SARS-CoV-2 genome characteristics and clinical manifestations within eight family clusters from GH and GK clades in Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Ibrahim Fera , Natasha Augustine , Yasmon Andi , Fithriyah Fithriyah , Karuniawati Anis , Rahmawaty Rivia Gina , Saharman Yulia , Sudarmono Pratiwi
Published: August 2022

Background: SARS-CoV-2 rapid mutation generates many concerning new strains. Although lockdown had been applied to contain the disease, the household remains a critical place for its transmission. This study aimed to assess the variation of SARS-CoV-2 strains and their clinical manifestations within family clusters in Jakarta, Indonesia.

Method: Naso-oropharyngeal swab specimens from family clusters positive for SARS-CoV-2 were collected for whole-genome sequencing. Their baseline data, symptoms, and source of infection were recorded. The whole-genome data was then analyzed with the bioinformatics program to evaluate the SARS-CoV-2 genome characteristic and submitted to GISAID for strain identification. The phylogenetic tree was built to observe the relationship between virus strain within the family cluster and its clinical manifestation.

Result: This study obtained eight family clusters from twenty-two patients. Half of the cluster's source of infection was a family member who had to work at the office. The infection rate ranged from 37.5% to 100%. The phylogenetic tree showed that the same virus within a cluster could generate various clinical outcomes. Five clusters had one family member with pneumonia, while others had mild to no symptoms. Four breakthrough cases were detected in this study, which were infected by the virus from GH and GK clade. 

Conclusion: Our study observed the SARS-CoV-2 transmission to the household setting through the workplace, which might become a common pathway if the pandemic status is removed. Although vaccination is expected to reduce the burden of COVID-19, adequate control measures remain essential, given that breakthrough infections are evident.
Physical, psychological, academic, and sexual abuse of university students in five Latin American countries: characteristics and association with student satisfaction: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Mejia Christian R. , Castro Diego J. , Torrejon Naysha , Chacon Jhosselyn I. , Fernandez-Espindola Lorena , Martinez-Cornejo Isaac
Published: August 2022

Background: A high rate of student abuse has been reported in various studies; however, few studies substantiate the seriousness of the issue in Latin American contexts. This study aimed to characterize the abuse of university students in five Latin American countries and its association with student satisfaction.  

Methods: An analytical transversal study was conducted, in which 2,141 undergraduate students from Paraguay, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, and Panama were surveyed. A validated questionnaire was applied to evaluate four types of abuse (Cronbach's Alpha: 0.90): psychological, physical, academic, and sexual. In addition, students’ perception of satisfaction of four items in the university environment (Cronbach's Alpha: 0.85) was also analyzed.  

Results: It was found that the older students were, the more dissatisfied they were with “logistics” (aPR: 1.02; 95% CI: 1.00-1.04; p-value; 0.014) and the top-third segment of those who perceived “sexual abuse” were more dissatisfied with the teaching provided by their universities (aPR: 1.23; 95% CI: 1.00-1.52; p-value: 0.048). Moreover, those who were most dissatisfied with the agreements were part of the top-third segment of those who perceived sexual abuse (aPR: 1.16; 95% CI: 1.03-1.32; p-value: 0.016) and those in the country of Panama were less dissatisfied with “agreements” (RPa: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.66-0.073; p-value<0.001). The countries of Colombia (aPR: 0.08; IC95%: 0.01-0.59; p-value: 0.014) and Panama (aPR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.52-0.64; p-value<0.001) were less dissatisfied with investigation programs.  

Conclusions: The perception of ‘sexual abuse’ was the only risk factor statistically associated with dissatisfaction with teaching and agreements.
Case Report: Role of transesophageal echocardiography in a patient with an initially misdiagnosed acute pulmonary embolism
Authors: Daghmouri Mohamed Aziz , Oueslati Maroua , Tarhouni Mohamed Amine , Faten Olfa , Zakhama Sameh , Rebai Lotfi
Published: August 2022

Background: For the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism, chest computerized tomography (CT) angiography is considered as the gold standard. However, echocardiography could be useful especially in cases of high suspicion with normal CT scan or for patient with hemodynamic instability.

Case presentation: We present a case of a 47-year-old man admitted to the intensive care unit with a diagnosis of respiratory failure and hemodynamic instability 24 hours after closed fracture of the right leg. Before his admission, a thoracic CT angiography was done but did not show any sign of acute pulmonary embolism. During the first hours, he presented a bad evolution with a respiratory status which failed to respond to high dose of vasopressor, oxide nitric and ventilatory support. Therefore, due to the poor echocardiographic window, transesophageal echocardiography examination was done in emergency. It revealed high-probability diagnosis of massive pulmonary embolism based on right ventricular dysfunction and the presence of thrombus in the right pulmonary artery. Anticoagulant therapy (non-fractioned heparin) was administrated immediately achieving a favorable clinical outcome with rapid withdrawal of dobutamine, nitric oxide and norepinephrine.

Conclusions: This case illustrates the fundamental role of transesophageal echocardiography in a critically ill patient with shock due to high-probability pulmonary embolism. Echocardiography allows the initiation of adequate treatment without further delay.
Validity of automated audiometry for hearing examination in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis
Authors: Purnami Nyilo , Palandeng Rian W. , - Soedarsono , Arifianto Dhany , Moon In Seok
Published: August 2022

Background: The objective of this study was to test the validity of automated audiometry as a method of hearing examination in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional comparative study with a retrospective approach, using patient medical records. Patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) were recruited based-on medical records that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria at the Pulmonology outpatient unit, then referred to the Otorhinolaryngology outpatient unit of the Dr. Soetomo Academic Medical Center. The subjects’ hearing function was measured with two different devices (automated audiometer and conventional audiometer) before being given anti-tuberculosis drug therapy (aminoglycoside injection) as ototoxicity monitoring from July to December 2019 period. Sensitivity and specificity analysis was used to assess the validity of the test.

Results: A total of 36 patients (72 ears) were included. The comparison test results using the Mann-Whitney test showed that there were significant differences between automated audiometry and conventional audiometry in both ears. Analysis values were: sensitivity 80-97%, specificity 37-96%, positive predictive value 74-98%, and negative predictive value 59-96%.

Conclusions: Automated audiometry is valid for use as a method of hearing examination and monitoring in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
Gaps and evidences on programming postpartum family planning services in Nepal
Authors: Kabra Rita , Pradhan Pooja , Hyder Md Khurshid Alam , Pokhrel Taranath , Aryal Kabita , Jayathalika Anoma , Allagh Komal Preet , Kiarie James
Published: August 2022

Background: Postpartum family planning (PPFP) is one of the strategic efforts mentioned in the National Family Planning Strategy 2011/12 and National FP Costed implementation plan 2015-2020 of Nepal. Postpartum women are recognized as one of the groups that need attention to strengthen FP services in the country. 

Methods: We conducted a situational analysis in Nepal from December 2019 to May 2020, to identify the needs, gaps and provide evidence for strengthening future programming in this area using a combination of three methods: (i) non-systematic literature review using Google Scholar, Pubmed, and grey literature, (ii) secondary analysis using the dataset from Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) 2016 that was based on a two-stage, stratified, nationally representative sample of households, and (iii) virtual assessment in purposively selected eight health facilities using  a standard checklist related to PPFP.

Results: Results show a lower modern contraceptive uptake (22.6%) and higher unmet need (31.5%) among postpartum women compared to all currently married women (43% and 24% respectively).  Three most commonly used modern contraceptive methods among postpartum women in Nepal are injectables (8%), male condoms (7%), and oral contraceptive pills (3%). The PPFP services are available only in limited health facilities and were not integrated in Antenatal care (ANC), Postnatal care (PNC), childbirth and immunization services. Provision of family planning counseling during the ANC period is not recorded in the ANC card.  Male partners do not participate in family planning counseling. Similarly, the uptake of family planning services at immunization, child health, and postnatal clinics is not recorded.

Conclusion: This analysis provided evidence of the current status of PPFP in the country. There are gaps and challenges especially in strategy and guidelines, training, regular supply of commodities, awareness of PPFP, recording and reporting of PPFP. These gaps should be addressed with appropriate strategies.
Modelling temporal data in knowledge graphs: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Hooshafza Sepideh , Orlandi Fabrizio , Flynn Rachel , McQuaid Louise , Stephens Gaye , O'Connor Laura
Published: August 2022

Background: The benefits of having high-quality healthcare data are well established. However, high-dimensionality and irregularity of healthcare data pose challenges in their management. Knowledge graphs have gained increasing popularity in many domains, as a method for representing data to overcome such challenges.

One important factor in representing data is “time”. Data with time related attributes are considered, temporal data. Temporal data are frequently observed in healthcare and the management of rapidly changing patient data is an ongoing challenge. Traditionally, data models have focused on presenting static data and do not account for temporal data. Temporal data models ensure time consistency in data models and assist analysing the history of data and predicting the future trends in data. Knowledge graphs can include temporal data models and are therefore of interest to the field of healthcare data management.

As such, the herein aim is to outline a protocol for an inter-disciplinary systematic review of approaches, applications and challenges in modelling temporal data in knowledge graphs so that we can inform the application of knowledge graphs to healthcare data.

Method: The research questions is, what are the existing approaches in modelling temporal data in RDF based knowledge graphs. Two sub-questions on applications, and challenges will also be evaluated. ACM digital library, IEEE Xplore and Scopus will be searched for this review. The search will be limited to peer-reviewed literature referring to knowledge graphs based on Resource Description Framework (RDF). A narrative synthesis of the papers will be conducted.

Conclusion: The findings of this systematic review will be useful for data engineers to better represent data and perform analytics through temporal data. They can be applied in the context of healthcare data and the current challenges faced in managing rapidly changing patient data.
MODERN MILITARY-POLITICAL COMMUNICATION STUDIES
Authors: Golikova T.
Published: August 2022

Introduction.

Due to the fact that modern military-political communication science deals with very contradictory both factual non-verbal and text-discursive phenomena, it seems necessary and relevant the scientific systematization of military-political terminology. The development of a unified terminological apparatus and methodological approach also needs to be clarified in modern communication science.

The aim of the article is a communicative-cognitive and textual-discursive study of the segment of political communication science called military-political science.

Methodology and research methods.

Adhering to the traditional three-term division for discursive, communicative and lexico-grammatical levels of description, we present the communicative-discursive model "modern war" based on the materials of the official Russian media in 2021-2022.

The article uses the research methods of linguoconceptology, linguoculturology, such as modeling concepts, methods of component lexical analysis that help to establish the seme composition of individual lexemes. And there is also lexicographic analysis aimed at compiling a fragment of the dictionary, which concerns modern military-political terminology.

Results.

The article demonstrates that the communicative-discursive fragment "war" not only forms the core of military-political communication science, but also sets many directions for interpreting and modeling the basic dominant associative-semantic components."Modern war" is presented as a hybrid, multifaceted, multicomponent, covering and connecting absolutely all spheres of human and social life, both real and virtual. It is the latter that transforms war into a cruel game, where certain actions are carried out in a false, illusory space according to easily violated rules.

Interpretation and modeling of modern military-political discourse creates a communicative-cognitive base for a correct understanding of real events, excludes the possibility of manipulating public consciousness, excludes the possibility of effective information and propaganda wars, and therefore serves as a powerful methodological tool for verifying the modern most complex information field.

The scientific novelty of the study lies in the systematization of the structure and content of the terminological system of military-political communication science as a section of political communication science and communication science in general.

The practical significance of the study lies in the use of modeling methods for various text-discursive fragments in the communicative aspect, which is aimed at clarifying existing models and constructing and interpreting the latest ones.
Potential in anti-cancer therapy using RNA - overview of therapies
Authors: Rusinowska Barbara
Published: August 2022

The main targets for the production of mRNA-based tumor vaccines are tumor-associated antigens and tumor-specific neoepitopes exposed on the surface of tumor cells. Their mission is to stimulate the cellular response in the body of a sick patient. In producing of mRNA vaccines it is important to use an appropriate vector and method of delivery of the vaccine to the body. Recent years a lot of interest has been seen in using dendritic cells as a vector. Ugur Sahin and his associates were the first to create procedures for creating personalized mRNA mutanomic vaccines. Apart from mutanomes, miRNA – the type of interference RNAs regulating gene expression - played a role in the development of mRNA vaccines. It has been shown that miRNA dysregulation is observed in some cancers and plays a role in invasion, angiogenesis, apoptosis, avoidance of immune destruction or sensitivity to growth factors. Many of the functions of LncRNA affect gene expression by regulating chromatin function, affecting the stability and translation of cytoplasmic mRNA, and signaling pathways, may ultimately lead to cancer formation – and also can be used in anti-cancer therapy and as sensitive biomarkers. These discoveries led to the rapid development of RNA-based anti-cancer therapies and the emergence of the first therapeutics. In this review, we present the use of RNA in anti-cancer therapies and the review of thrapies.
RNA-based vaccines – types, strategies of delivery and overview of RNA vaccines
Authors: Rusinowska Barbara , Tybulczuk Balbina , Satora Małgorzata , Kozioł Magdalena , Sikora Katarzyna
Published: August 2022

The discovery of mRNA by Sydney Brenner dates back to 1961, but the in vivo expression of mRNA was successful only in 1990, which initiated the development of vaccines based on this molecule. During Sars-CoV-2 pandemy the interest in the use of nucleic acids in the production of drugs and vaccines has increased significantly. The success of mRNA vaccines against Sars-CoV-2 has particularly empowered the pharmaceutical industry to create newer and newer generation products based on RNA modification that could help not only in Covid-2019, but also in the prevention and treatment of other infectious diseases. RNA has a very high potential - it can be used in highly personalized therapies, furthermore the production of mRNA is cheaper, faster than the current therapeutics and the process of mRNA making is more flexible due to the great ease of producing mRNA in the process of transcription. Modifying of the structure of ribonucleic acid and the methods of its delivery leads to the creation of newer and newer vaccines. In this review, we present the potential of RNA molecule in producing vaccines, types of RNA vaccines, strategies of RNA delivery and review of existing RNA-based vaccines.
Physical activity and quality of life in the group of women participating in senior education
Authors: Jurkiewicz Beata , Barnaś Edyta , Kołpa Małgorzata
Published: August 2022

Introduction. Maintaining mobility and extending the period of functional activity in everyday life is the basis for gerontological prevention for the elderly. An important task in the physical culture strategy for an aging society is to prepare both oneself and one’s family for old age (education "in old age" and "towards old age"). Educational institutions for activation of seniors play a very important role in this area.

The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between physical activity and quality of life of women 65+, including participation in senior education.

Material and methods. The study was conducted among inhabitants of Tarnów province (southern Poland) aged 65+: 205 educationally active seniors (group I) and 207 women who do not benefit from senior education (group II). The diagnostic survey method and standardized interview technique using the WHOQoL-AGE quality of life questionnaire were used. The level of significance was adopted as p≤0.05.

Results and conclusions. Educationally active seniors significantly more often declared systematic physical activity. Regular physical activity was most often undertaken by women in the youngest age group. It is recommended to carry out activities promoting participation in various forms of physical activity, especially in the two oldest age groups (old & oldest old). It is also proposed to continue research on the quality of life and its determinants by gender, and the results of these studies can be used by managers and decision-makers in the local health care sector to develop health-promoting strategies targeted at specific groups.
Figures de phénoménologie de l’autre. Husserl, Levinas, Henry
Authors: Gielarowski Andrzej
Published: August 2022

FIGURES OF PHENOMENOLOGY OF THE OTHER: HUSSERL, LEVINAS, HENRY The issue of otherness was not discovered by contemporary philosophy but thematized as such only at the dawn of the twentieth century. However, Emmanuel Levinas, heir to the phenomenology of Edmund Husserl, investigates otherness in the dialogical formula, especially under the influence of Franz Rosenzweig, and understands it as transcendence. On the other hand, Michel Henry grasps intersubjectivity as immanence. Nevertheless, both Levinas and Henry owe much to Husserl, especially to the fifth Cartesian Meditation. The article offers an analysis of the phenomenology of the other in Husserl and goes on to explicate those of Levinas and Henry. The author argues that both conceptions of intersubjectivity may be treated as extensions of Husserl’s conception, but they take different paths and culminate in different ideas of the relations between the me (le moi) and the other (l’autre). These three conceptions are the indispensable premises of the contemporary debate on the issue of the other man.
Supplemental figures and table for "Fine-Grained Sediment and Phosphorus Storage in a Suspended-Load-Dominated, Alluvial Channel"
Authors: Beck William , Moore Peter , Isenhart Thomas , Schilling Keith E. , Schultz Richard , Cole Kevin , Tomer Mark
Published: August 2022

Supplemental Table 1. Storage reach channel geometry and hydraulics data, Walnut Creek, Iowa. Sinuous denoted as SI, Straight denoted as ST, Cross-sectional denoted as X-sec.

Supplemental Figure 1. Example storage reach design (A), with storage reach transects, plan view. Individual storage reach transect (B), with probe point interval, viewed along channel cross section. Bankfull width (i.e., start of storage reach transect) denoted as Wbf. 

Supplemental Photo 1. Cohesive sediment sample extraction using bulk density cylinder, Walnut Creek, Iowa. Core was driven into sediment feature using mallet and wooden block (to disperse energy). Core was then extracted from feature using a trowel, and trimmed clean.

Supplemental Photo 2. Side bar (SBAR), flow moving away from reader.

Supplemental Photo 3. Point bar (PBAR). Note channel incision.

Supplemental Photo 4. Mid-channel bar (MBAR). Flow mowing toward reader.

Supplemental Photo 5. Debris jam (DJAM). Flow moving away from reader.

Supplemental Photo 6. Beaver dam (BDAM) storage feature was not observed or sampled during the 2015 survey, however, the transient structures are present in the watershed during times of reduced hydrologic activity. Flow moving towards reader.

Supplemental Photo 7. Streambank toe colluvium (SBC) accumulation at bank toe, near waterline. Note visible Roberts Creek and Camp Creek members. Flow moving away from reader.
ABC de Antônio Balduíno, um Bildungsroman do herói negro na narrativa brasileira
Authors: Candido Weslei Roberto , Santos Luciene Souza
Published: August 2022

Este artigo objetiva dar corpo à ideia de que o romance Jubiabá, de Jorge Amado pertence à filiação do Bildungsroman, sendo uma variação de sua matriz burguesa europeia, isso porque a história se aclimatou às necessidades do romance da década 30, dando voz aos proletários, erigindo um herói negro que representa todos os trabalhadores da classe baixa, promovendo a emancipação deste como sujeito na narrativa brasileira. Nela, vê-se um herói que passa por uma jornada em papeis diversos, onde vai de malandro a trabalhador, da infância no morro do Capa Negro à fase adulta com as greves e lutas coletivas vividas no cais do porto. Em sua itinerância, espaço-tempo de inúmeras aprendizagens, o protagonista, se encantou pelo cordel e sonhou com a possibilidade de um dia ser cantado como herói em um ABC. Nas reflexões aqui postas foi possível perceber ainda que no romance, Jorge Amado segue apresentando a Bahia, especificamente o entrelaçamento entre a sua cultura popular e a sua religiosidade, traz à luz a presença dos contadores de histórias, dos cordelistas, dos compositores de ABC, dos sambistas, das giras de Candomblé, do Pai de Santo Jubiabá, da mitologia dos Orixás, apresentando um grande painel de parte importante da cultura oral baiana. Para compor a imagem do seu herói, Jorge Amado se inspirou nessa confluência entre a tradição oral e a tradição romanesca do Bildungsroman e a apresentou no romance Jubiabá.
Por um ciclo do cacau ampliado: Gabriela, cravo e canela, de Jorge Amado
Authors: Santos João Paulo Ferreira dos , Bergamo Edvaldo Aparecido
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo pretende examinar o romance Gabriela, cravo e canela, publicado 1958 pelo escritor baiano Jorge Amado (1912-2001). A narrativa in foco insere-se no conjunto de histórias que têm a cultura cacaueira e o território sul baiano em comum, daí entendermos que a obra em questão faz parte de um ciclo, o ciclo ampliado do cacau. Desse modo, em contato com o composto de narrativas do cacau, em especial Gabriela, é possível perceber além da vida e da lida das mais distintas figuras estético-sociais, o complicado processo de desenvolvimento local e, por extensão, a contraditória modernização nacional. Os limites do latifúndio e das oligarquias rurais ao serem confrontados por uma certa classe burguesa liberal ascendente, sucumbem parcialmente. E é sobre esse processo sócio-político-econômico que se sustentam os romances do ciclo do cacau amadiano. Gabriela, cravo e canela talvez seja a narrativa mais bem-acabada de tal circuito: ajustada, do ponto de vista estético, dentre outros fatores, no embate político entre o velho Ramiro Bastos e o exportador Mundinho Falcão, consegue dar a ver as limitações e os impasses de uma ordem em crise, no tocante ao fenecimento de uma era e ao surgimento de um “mandonismo modificado”.
O sincretismo religioso e a relevância sociocultural da literatura de Jorge Amado
Authors: Santos Marcelo Barbosa dos
Published: August 2022

O artigo tem o objetivo de discutir sobre o sincretismo religioso, considerado uma maneira de “disfarce” (PRANDI, 2009, p. 50) para os escravos cultuarem os seus deuses ou orixás oriundos da grande mãe África. Além de ser visto, também, por outros teóricos, como uma estratégia para o homem negro e a mulher negra serem aceitos pela sociedade branca do período colonial escravagista. Paralelo a estas discussões de caráter sincrético, o artigo também ressalta a literatura de engajamento e relevância sociocultural do escritor Jorge Amado (1912 – 2001) por meio de algumas passagens das obras: Tenda dos Milagres (1969) e Mar Morto (1936), que discutem questões a respeito do racismo, da intolerância religiosa e do próprio sincretismo religioso presente na imagem da orixá Iemanjá, destacando, assim, os seus rituais.
A transcendência dos opostos: um phármakon amadiano
Authors: Ferreira Tatiane Almeida
Published: August 2022

Resumo: O guia turístico e literário Bahia de Todos os Santos: guia de ruas e mistérios (1977), de Jorge Amado, a partir dessa edição atualizada e ilustrada por Carlos Bastos, constrói a imagem turística, cultural e identitária da cidade do Salvador. A sugestão de leituras com as quais supomos que a obra dialoga, dentre elas a análise a partir da hermenêutica das entidades das religiões brasileiras de matriz africana, com destaque para Exú, divindade de caráter ambivalente, levou-nos a produzir alguns agenciamentos e encontros, que permitem ampliar a interpretação da história e das relações culturais presentes na narrativa amadiana. Fomos conduzidos, por ela, a tecer algumas provocações que foram auxiliadas pelas filosofias  de Derrida (2005) e Deleuze (2009) para pensar outras questões movidas pela dispersão e subversão do phármakon de herança africana.
Jorge Amado e o mito da família de Ojuaruá
Authors: Santos Alisson Vital Oliveira , Silva Edil Costa
Published: August 2022

As literaturas negro-orais corroboram com a construção das identidades brasileiras, especialmente no que concerne a representação da identidade baiana, elas são uma das riquezas encontradas na literatura de Jorge Amado. A Obra O Compadre de Ogum traz consigo representações identitárias primordiais para a compreensão da influência dos mitos negros no corpo social brasileiro. Nela, Jorge Amado demonstra, através dos mitos do candomblé na vida dos sujeitos/iniciados, a continuidade das identidades negras, e faz isso numa narrativa assentada no humor e sincretismo. Desse modo, o presente artigo, a partir das reflexões de estudiosos como Stuart Hall (2014), Luiz Silva (2010), consiste numa análise de identidades negras e suas representações por meio da família de Ojuaruá, uma família com identidades complexas. Todavia, a narrativa demonstra como estamos todos, personagens ficcionais ou reais, imersos no contexto mitológico dos orixás. A representação da poética dos orixás e suas identidades, em O Compadre de Ogum, nos permite estudar dispositivos que se apresentam como traços de denúncia de racismo religioso, bem como, também permite analisar que a vida está em confluência a mitologia negro-religiosa. Portanto, se discute sobre representações e identidades de personagens negras em suas formas e movimentos na sociedade representada pela literatura amadiana.
A Processual Perspective on Whole-Class- Scaffolding in Business Education
Authors: Hermkes Rico , Minnameier Gerhard , Heuer-Kinscher Manon
Published: August 2022

Context: Scaffolding is a form of process-adaptive learning support that is relevant in numerous contexts, including informal learning, workplace learning as well as school teaching. While scaffolding can be well conceptualised for individual learning situations (especially for tutoring situations), there is a difficulty in measuring process adaptivity in heterogeneous learning groups, such as school classes. Approach: In this paper, we develop a measurement method that targets the deep structure of teaching and learning in whole class settings. Processes of shared knowledge constructions are taken into account, since whole-class-scaffolding (WCS) means to shape and develop common or joint knowledge spaces rather than to scaffold a multitude of individual construction processes at the same time. To achieve a coding procedure for WCS interactions, we integrate scaffolding principles and principles of dialogic teaching and explicated a set of rules that can be correlated to the quality of WCS-episodes rated on distinct Likert scales. Results: The measurement method developed in the paper provides a solution to the problem of how to measure process-adaptive learning support that is not only related to individual learners, but is directed at a heterogeneous group of learners in which different support needs may be present simultaneously. The coding procedure systematically links scaffolding principles and principles of dialogic teaching and enables us to capture the dynamics of teaching and learning processes in larger group settings. In this respect, concepts such as joint- and common space, representing entities to which WCS refers, are operationalised. Conclusions: When methods for measuring the dynamics of teaching and learning processes are available, research on instructional support is no longer limited to global ratings of whole learning units. Furthermore, the codings allow for a more fine-grained analysis of trajectories of scaffolding interactions. Such an analysis reveals information about local specifics of WCS that can explain further learning differences between students and that can be used to derive implications for effective instructional techniques.
Becoming my mother’s eyes
Authors: Thompson Leslie M.
Published: August 2022

Linking the person and the society, psychosocial studies is a discipline that can link psychoanalysis with research to study ways in which psychic experience and social life are fundamentally entangled with each other. Through this article I explore the parallel process of how I became the mother of my mother as my mother struggled to adjust to sight loss. I became blind to myself in order to be able to see her and for her. I will discuss how that process was enhanced, if not created, through social components that surrounded our specific situation. Starting from my natal Mexican context and the way my country understands disability from a charity model, I reflect on my journey to move internationally to find different ways to understand and work with blindness, at last arriving at the social model of disability. That journey led me to find my mentors, who, through a pedagogical process, provided me with the gaze I lacked from my mother, thus reformulating my identity to inform the person I am today.
In vivo tracking of individual stem cells labeled with nanowire lasers using multimodality imaging
Authors: Li Xuzhou , Zhang Wei , Li Yanxiu , Wu Xiaoqin , Wang Mingyang , Tan Xiaotian , Paulus Yannis M. , Fan Xudong , Wang Xueding
Published: August 2022

Emerging cell-based regenerative medicine and stem cell therapies have drawn wide attention in medical research and clinical practice to treat tissue damage and numerous incurable diseases. In vivo observation of the distribution, migration, and development of the transplanted cells is important for both understanding the mechanism and evaluating the treatment efficacy and safety. However, tracking the 3D migration trajectories for individual therapeutic cells in clinically relevant pathological environments remains technically challenging. Using a laser photocoagulation model in living rabbit eyes, this study demonstrates a multimodality imaging technology integrating optical coherence tomography (OCT), fluorescence microscopy (FM), and lasing emission for in vivo longitudinal tracking of the 3D migration trajectories of individual human retinal pigment epithelium cells (ARPE-19) labeled with CdS nanowires. With unique lasing spectra generated from the subtle microcavity differences, the surface-modified nanowires perform as distinct spectral identifiers for labeling individual ARPE-19 cells. Meanwhile, with strong optical scattering and natural fluorescence emission, CdS nanowires also served as OCT and FM contrast agents to indicate the spatial locations of the transplanted ARPE-19 cells. A longitudinal study of tracking individual ARPE-19 cells in rabbit eyes over a duration of 28 days was accomplished. This method could potentially promote an understanding of the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of implanted cells in the development of cell-based therapies.
120-fs single-pulse generation from stretched-pulse fiber Kerr resonators
Authors: Dong Xue , Wang Zhiqiang , Renninger William H.
Published: August 2022

Fiber Kerr resonators are simple driven resonators with desirable wavelength and repetition rate flexibility for generating ultrashort pulses for applications including telecommunications, biomedicine, and materials processing. However, fiber Kerr resonators to date often generate longer pulses and require more complicated techniques for generating single pulses than would be desirable for applications. Here we address these limits by demonstrating robust single-pulse performance supporting 120-fs pulse durations in fiber Kerr resonators based on stretched-pulse solitons. Through matching numerical and experimental studies, stretched-pulse soliton performance is found to strongly depend on the total cavity length, and the optimum length is found to depend on the drive, Raman scattering, and the total pulse stretching. The bandwidth increases with decreasing net dispersion, enabled by shorter total cavity lengths. In a cavity with an optimized length and the described setup, stable stretched-pulse solitons corresponding to 120-fs duration are experimentally observed. In addition, soliton trapping is demonstrated with a pulsed drive source despite large intracavity breathing, and single-pulse performance is observed. Robust with high performance single-pulse generation is a critical step toward useful femtosecond pulse generation.
Tunable plasmonics with Au nanoparticles coupled to thin film vanadium dioxide
Authors: Cunningham Stephen , Bradley A. Louise
Published: August 2022

The development of active devices featuring dynamic tunable plasmonic resonances is vital for wide implementation in many optoelectronic devices. By coupling plasmonic nanoparticles to an underlying thin film of phase change material vanadium dioxide (VO2), dynamic tuning of the plasmon resonance can be achieved within the visible and near IR spectral regions. It is shown through selection of single nanoparticle or dimer structures, the plasmon resonances can be tuned over a large spectral range, the scattering cross-section can be increased, and the E-field enhancement and spatial profile can be controlled via the VO2 phase transition. Hybrid Au nanocuboid–VO­2 structures exhibit larger reversible wavelength shifts than rounded nanoparticles, such as rods and discs, of similar dimensions. A plasmon resonance shift of over 600 nm is observed in the near-IR after the semiconducting to metallic VO2 phase transition. The largest increases in the scattering cross-section are achieved with a VO2 thin film thickness of 30–50 nm. Disc, rod, bowtie and cuboid dimers show larger increases of the scattering cross-section at lower wavelengths, even extending into the visible spectral range. On VO2 phase transition the bowtie dimers can provide an increase in the scattering cross-section of over 70% and 3.6-fold increase in the E-field intensity within the dimer gap. Additionally, the near-field enhancement spreads over the entire height of the dimer gap, and in particular, there is a large enhancement at the surface of the dimers. The increased scattering cross-section and modification of the spatial profile of the E-field enhancement provides mechanisms for tunable metasurfaces.