bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SOX9 in Keratinocytes Regulates Claudin 2 Transcription during Skin Aging
Authors: Wang Jingyan , Xie Xingyu , Deng Ying , Yang Hongqiu , Du Xiaoshuang , Liu Ping , Du Yu
Published: August 2022

In order to prove that SOX9 in keratinocytes regulates claudin 2 transcription during skin aging, the skin of 8‐week‐old and 24‐month‐old mice is sequenced to obtain a differentially expressed gene SOX9. The gene is mainly expressed in keratinocytes, and it increases first and then decreases from newborn to aging. Six core sequences of SOX9 and claudin 2 are predicted from Jaspar. The double Luciferase Report shows that overexpression of SOX9 induces the full‐length promoter of claudin 2 significantly and has no effect on the mutation and cleavage plasmid without SOX9 response. Claudin 2 is consistent with SOX9 in the skin of mice of different ages, and SOX9 is strongly positively correlated with claudin 2. Finally, overexpression of SOX9 and claudin 2 will delay PM2.5‐induced keratinocyte senescence. The silencing of claudin 2 leads to the loss of SOX9 function. It is clearly evident that SOX9 can affect the transcription of claudin 2, which increases first and then decreases in the process of mice from newborn to aging. SOX9 inhibits proinflammatory mediators, increases antioxidant capacity, and restores keratin differentiation. It can effectively prevent melanin deposition and delay aging.
Analysis on Organizational Structure System Model of China’s Sports Management System Based on KNN Algorithm
Authors: Ren Jie , Du Congxin
Published: August 2022

The national sports management function requires the government to sincerely help sports associations, cultivate intermediary organizations and sports markets, and urge them to gradually realize autonomy, so as to promote the socialization of national sports. The organizational structure reform of China’s sports management system needs not only a clear goal but also a new way to achieve it, so that the reform route is clear and the reform process is supported. Therefore, sports public service has entered the vision of China’s leisure education reform. In this paper, KNN (K-Nearest Neighbor) algorithm is used to establish the power measurement model of organizational structure individuals, quantitatively analyze the power distribution of organizational structure, and describe the nonlinear relationship between the power distribution of organizational structure individuals and organizational hierarchy. On this basis, aiming at the shortcomings of KNN algorithm when the sample distribution is unbalanced, a penalty mechanism is added and improved. The results show that under the condition of unbalanced samples, the classification effect is obviously improved, which is about 6% compared with KNN classifier and about 3% to 4% compared with SVM (support vector machine) classifier. Conclusion. The improved algorithm achieves high classification accuracy on the basis of good robustness.
Construction of Early Warning Mechanism of University Education Network Based on the Markov Model
Authors: You Lianghai
Published: August 2022

This paper proposes and builds an early warning mechanism model of the college education network using the Markov model. This paper proposes a method to determine the observation value of Markov model based on the flow control principle and TCP/IP model in an effort to address the issue that the observation value of Markov model is challenging to determine when it is applied to intrusion detection. The detection model also employs an adaptive sliding detection window algorithm to further increase the system’s detection rate. The mechanism developed in this paper is compared to other early warning mechanisms in order to confirm the validity and applicability of the educational network early warning mechanism. The experimental results demonstrate that the accuracy of the educational network early warning mechanism in this paper is higher than that of the conventional early warning mechanism, which is 9.87 percent, at up to 95.02 percent. The proposed model, however, clearly excels in terms of early warning adaptability, model fitting level, and information overload processing effectiveness. In general, this paper successfully applies the Markov model to the early warning system of the college education network. For the study of the college education network’s early warning system, it has some reference value.
[Retracted] Intelligent Integration of Online Environmental Education Resources for English Language and Literature Majors Based on Collaborative Filtering Algorithm
Authors: Meng Qingling
Published: August 2022

There are currently many different types and dispersed online educational resources, which inconvenience users and result in a low utilisation rate of resources. As a result, a new approach is required to realise the integration and recommendation of educational resources. This paper examines the intelligent integration and recommendation of online learning resources for English language and literature majors based on CF. The development of online English language and literature education resources is currently in the process of being discussed, and some flaws in the process are being examined in this paper. The creation and incorporation of a network education resource database are proposed as some strategies and recommendations. The information entropy method is employed to address the cold start problem brought on by the data sparseness of new users and new projects in CF. While this is happening, the recommendation process’s similarity algorithm is being enhanced. This algorithm’s decision support accuracy has been found to be 96.01% after extensive testing. Its accuracy is roughly 8% better than that of conventional CF, which has a precision of 8%. The results demonstrated a degree of accuracy in the improved algorithm.
An Empirical Analysis on the Impact of Innovation Network Structure on Crossover Innovation Performance of Emerging Technologies
Authors: Jin Yanxi , Cao Xing
Published: August 2022

The crossover innovation springing up in emerging technologies has drawn wide attention from scholars. Innovation network, as an effective way for major innovation-driven entities towards less relevant risks and higher efficiency, can significantly affect the crossover innovation performance. This paper analyzes the evolution law of the innovation network of autonomous driving technology based on the Social Network Analysis (SNA) and by using the data on joint applications for invention patents of such technology during 2006–2020. Furthermore, the structural eigenvalues of the network evolution are calculated for the regression analysis of the relationship between network structure and crossover innovation performance. The empirical results show that network centrality, structural hole, and relationship intensity have a positive effect on crossover innovation performance of emerging technologies, while network clustering has a negative effect. Emerging technology enterprises should constantly improve their technological innovation ability, improve their status and influence in the innovation network, establish cooperation with appropriate innovation partners, further expand their own technical knowledge fields, and obtain innovation resources by optimizing the network structure so as to enhance the crossover innovation performance.
Effect of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Combined with Thermoplastic Fixation on Set-Up Errors in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy
Authors: Zhu Luchao , Liu Jun , Li Yimin , Yang Qiaolu , Wu Qiong , Lin Qing , Chen Sijia
Published: August 2022

Objective. To investigate the effect of stereotactic radiotherapy (SBRT) combined with thermoplastic fixation on set-up error in breast cancer (BC) patients undergoing radiotherapy. Methods. Ninety BC patients undergoing radiotherapy who were treated in our hospital (May 2019-May 2020) were selected as the research objects and equally divided into the experimental group and control group according to the order of hospitalization, with 45 patients in each group. The control group received conventional radiotherapy combined with breast bracket, and the experimental group received SBRT combined with thermoplastic fixation. The incidences of adverse reactions, 1-year survival rates, and set-up errors were compared between the two groups. Results. Compared with the control group, the experimental group had much lower total incidence of adverse reactions and remarkably higher 1-year survival rate. The translational errors (

X

direction,

Y

direction, and

Z

direction), translational errors after rotation (

X

direction,

Y

direction, and

Z

direction), and rotation errors (

X

direction,

Y

direction, and

Z

direction) in the experimental group were obviously lower compared with those in the control group. Conclusion. Implementing SBRT combined with thermoplastic fixation in BC patients undergoing radiotherapy can effectively improve set-up efficiency and treatment accuracy and reduce set-up errors. Compared with the breast bracket, the combination of SBRT and thermoplastic fixation has higher application value, and further studies are conducive to providing patients with a better solution plan.
Seepage Grouting Mechanism for Foundations in Goaf Sites considering Diffusion Paths
Authors: Wang Hui , Li You , Dun Zhiyuan , Cheng Jianhua , Dun Zhilin , Wu Chenxi
Published: August 2022

Grouting treatment is the main technology to reduce or eliminate the residual deformation and activation deformation of foundations in the goaf sites. Under the influences of the overburden of the mining, the distribution of grouting in goaf foundation is quite different from that of conventional grouting mechanism in porous media. In this paper, considering the time-dependent viscosity and diffusion path of the slurry, the conventional permeation diffusion mechanism of Bingham fluid is derived based on the seepage motion equation in porous media. The theoretical formula is modified according to the fracture distribution characteristics of caving zone and fault zone of the goaf foundation and the superposition effect of porous grouting. Combined with the laboratory test, the theoretical formulas for four working conditions ((i) only considering the time-dependent viscosity, (ii) considering the time-dependent viscosity and diffusion path, (iii) combining the fracture distribution characteristics of goaf foundation, and (iv) combining the fracture distribution characteristics and the superposition effect of porous grouting) are verified, respectively. The results of theoretical formula are used to compare with the design scheme of an engineering example. The research results have an important engineering significance for revealing the mechanism of seepage grouting in goaf foundation and designing the optimal spacing between grouting holes.
A Lightweight CNN Model Based on GhostNet
Authors: Wang Zhong , Li Tong
Published: August 2022

The existing deep learning models have problems such as large weight parameters and slow inference speed of equipment. In practical applications such as fire detection, they often cannot be deployed on equipment with limited resources due to the huge amount of parameters and low efficiency. In response to this problem, this paper proposes a lightweight smoke detection model based on the convolutional attention mechanism module. The model is based on the YOLOv5 lightweight framework. The backbone network draws on the GhostNet design idea, replaces the CSP structure of the FPN and head layers with the GhostBottleNeck module, adds a convolutional attention mechanism module to the backbone network layer, and uses the CIoU loss function to improve the regression accuracy. Using YOLOv5s as the benchmark model, the parameter amount of the proposed lightweight neural network model is 2.75 M, and the floating-point calculation amount is 2.56 G, which is much lower than the parameter amount and calculation amount of the benchmark model. Tested on the public fire dataset, compared with the traditional deep learning algorithm, the model proposed in the paper has better detection performance and the detection speed is significantly better than the benchmark model. Tested under the unquantized simulator, the speed of the proposed model to detect a single picture is 60 ms, which can meet the requirements of real-time engineering applications.
Predicting Student Learning Effectiveness in Higher Education Based on Big Data Analysis
Authors: Yang Xin , Ge Jian
Published: August 2022

With the global higher education entering the era of “quality is king,” the perception and acquisition of learning experience and the evaluation of learning quality and its effect have attracted more and more attention. However, at present, most of the academic evaluations of university courses are based on final examinations, supplemented by appropriate amount of regular tests, and little attention is paid to the development and quality of students’ learning ability in the learning process, which inevitably causes academic evaluations to be equivalent to assessments and deviates from the original purpose of academic evaluations to promote continuous improvement of teaching and learning quality. On this basis, this study uses the big data analysis method to predict the teaching effect of college students, in order to improve the existing teaching problems, grasp the teaching essence, and construct a relatively perfect curriculum evaluation system combined with the course of “teaching effect guidance + teaching action,” so as to further improve the academic evaluation system and improve the teaching quality. This will provide a reference for further improving the academic evaluation system and improving the teaching quality.
CAV-1 Overexpression Exacerbates the Manifestation in EPAC-1-Induced Chronic Postsurgical Pain in Rats
Authors: Hua Qian , Shen Shiren , Qin Yibin , Cao Su
Published: August 2022

Purpose. Caveolae (CAV) are an invaginated microcapsule with the shape of Ω on the surface of the cell membrane. Caveolin-1 (CAV-1) is involved in neuropathic pain, and adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-exchange protein directly activated by cAMP1 (EPAC-1) is a potential therapeutic target for chronic pain. However, whether EPAC-1 promotes chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) through CAV-1 has not been reported. Here, we aim to investigate the underlying mechanism of CAV in CPSP. Methods. All the rats were divided into 9 groups, including the Naive group, Sham group, skin/muscle incision and retraction (SMIR) group, SMIR + CAV-1 siRNA group, SMIR + control siRNA group, SMIR (7 days)+Saline group, SMIR (7 days)+CE3F4 group, 8-PCPT group, and Saline group. The CPSP rat model was established after SMIR. A mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) was recorded to evaluate the animal’s behavior. Western blotting and immunofluorescent were performed to detect the protein expression levels of EPAC-1 and P-CAV-1. Results. EPAC-1 and CAV-1 were both overexpressed after operation, particularly in astrocytes, microglia, and neurons of spinal marrow (all

P
<
0.05

). Interestingly, CAV-1 siRNA can partly reverse the SMIR-induced hypersensitivity, but there was no effect on EPAC-1. Besides, EPAC-1 blockage partly reversed the SMIR-induced hypersensitivity and CAV-1 overexpression, and EPAC-1 activation promoted CAV-1 overexpression and hypersensitivity in normal rats (all

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. CAV-1 mediates the functional coupling of microglia, astrocytes, and neurons, and thus EPAC-1/CAV-1 plays an important role in CPSP exacerbation.
General Surgery Clinical Information Management System Based on Intelligent Data Management
Authors: Xie Juexing , Luo Wen
Published: August 2022

In order to improve the effect of surgical clinical information management, this paper combines the intelligent data management technology to construct the general surgery clinical information management system. Based on the design and development of general surgery clinical medical case information management system, this paper studies the mutual conversion between XML data and relational data, and designs a clinical medical case information management system based on the design idea of layered architecture. The clinical medical case information management system mainly adopts the modular design idea and adopts a digital microscopic image storage mode based on HDFS architecture. After building the system function structure, the system effect is verified by simulation test. From the experimental statistical results, it can be seen that the general surgery clinical information management system based on intelligent data management proposed in this paper has a good effect.
Pattern Dynamics in a Predator‐Prey Model with Diffusion Network
Authors: Yang Wenjie , Zheng Qianqian , Shen Jianwei , Hu Qing
Published: August 2022

Diffusion plays an essential role in the distribution of predator and prey. We mainly research the diffusion network’s effect on the predator‐prey model through bifurcation. First, it is found that the link probability and diffusion parameter can cause Turing instability in the network‐organized predator‐prey model. Then, the Turing stability region is obtained according to the sufficient condition of Turing instability and the eigenvalues’ distribution. Finally, the biological mechanism is explained through our theoretical results, which are also illustrated by numerical simulation.
HSPB8 Overexpression Ameliorates Cognitive Impairment in Diabetic Mice via Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammation Activation
Authors: Chang Yanmin , Wu Yanqing , Jiang Xingjun , Zhu Jiahui , Wang Cailin , Ma Rong , Li Gang
Published: August 2022

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with an elevated risk of cognitive impairment. And the underlying mechanism remains unillustrated. HSPB8 is a member of the small heat shock protein family. In this study, we found that the expression of HSPB8 was upregulated in the hippocampus of

high
−
fat
 
diet
 

HFD

+
streptozotocin
 

STZ

−
 
induced
 
diabetic
 
mice

and N2a cells exposed to high glucose. Overexpression of HSPB8 relieved cognitive decline in DM mice. Mechanically, HSPB8 overexpression in the hippocampus of diabetic mice inhibited NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation via dephosphorylating mitochondrial fission-associated protein dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) at the phosphorylated site Ser616 (p-Drp1S616). Furthermore, HSPB8 overexpression increased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and reduced oxidative stress. These results indicate a protective effect of HSPB8 in the hippocampus of diabetic mice and N2a cells exposed to high glucose. Overexpression of HSPB8 might be a useful strategy for treating T2DM-related cognitive decline.
Research on Influencing Factors of High-Quality Development of Agricultural Trade between China and SCO Member States in the Context of Industrial Internet of Things
Authors: Zhang Ya-Ting , Abula Buwajian , Wang Bin
Published: August 2022

The IoT applications in the agriculture industry are intertwined in many ways, creating a hybrid construct of traditional businesses with digital connectivity implementations. Strategic issues and principles on the assimilation of IoT solutions are prevailed through time: investment costs, data interconnectivity, management, and analysis, as well as data security. As the first international organization in which China is the founding country, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization provides strategic support for China on the international stage. At present, there are various issues on the bilateral trade in agricultural products. Realizing the high-quality development of agricultural products trade with SCO member states is of great significance in forming a new pattern of sustainable and healthy development of bilateral agricultural product trade cooperation during the “14th Five-Year Plan” period, promoting the joint construction of “a community of shared future for Shanghai Cooperation Organization.” On the basis of analyzing the status quo of bilateral agricultural trade from 2011 to 2019, the influence of various influencing factors on the high-quality development of bilateral agricultural trade is empirically analyzed based on the gravity model. The study found that the overall quality of agricultural trade between China and the SCO member countries has shown a fluctuating upward trend with a larger development space. The size of the market, the level of trade facilitation, and the degree of trade openness and trade structure in each country have a significant role in promoting export value of China and other countries.
Jellyfish Search-Optimized Deep Learning for Compressive Strength Prediction in Images of Ready-Mixed Concrete
Authors: Chou Jui-Sheng , Tjandrakusuma Stela , Liu Chi-Yun
Published: August 2022

Most building structures that are built today are built from concrete, owing to its various favorable properties. Compressive strength is one of the mechanical properties of concrete that is directly related to the safety of the structures. Therefore, predicting the compressive strength can facilitate the early planning of material quality management. A series of deep learning (DL) models that suit computer vision tasks, namely the convolutional neural networks (CNNs), are used to predict the compressive strength of ready-mixed concrete. To demonstrate the efficacy of computer vision-based prediction, its effectiveness using imaging numerical data was compared with that of the deep neural networks (DNNs) technique that uses conventional numerical data. Various DL prediction models were compared and the best ones were identified with the relevant concrete datasets. The best DL models were then optimized by fine-tuning their hyperparameters using a newly developed bio-inspired metaheuristic algorithm, called jellyfish search optimizer, to enhance the accuracy and reliability. Analytical experiments indicate that the computer vision-based CNNs outperform the numerical data-based DNNs in all evaluation metrics except the training time. Thus, the bio-inspired optimization of computer vision-based convolutional neural networks is potentially a promising approach to predict the compressive strength of ready-mixed concrete.
Efficient Management and Application of Human Resources Based on Genetic Ant Colony Algorithm
Authors: Cheng Cheng , Xu Yuguang , Daniels Graciela
Published: August 2022

With the increasing demand of human resources, the cost of staffing and management is increasing, and it is difficult to dynamically allocate and adjust personnel among different parts. It is the key of intelligent management technology to realize efficient application and mining in human resource management. In the aspect of human resource allocation and management, this paper puts forward the efficient management and application of human resource based on the genetic ant colony algorithm. Firstly, this paper describes the process management and parameter application of the genetic algorithm and ant colony algorithm and manages the resource allocation and management process under the two algorithms. Secondly, several current test functions are applied to the genetic algorithm and ant colony algorithm to test the efficiency of the algorithm, which has obvious advantages in convergence efficiency. Finally, the paper uses the efficient management configuration of human resources for comprehensive application and management and applies the system uploading and downloading services on human resumes, respectively. The genetic ant colony algorithm has obvious advantages in efficiency. In human resource data matching, the genetic algorithm is slightly better than the ant colony algorithm in the case of relatively few data in the early stage, and the accuracy of the ant colony algorithm is slightly better than the genetic algorithm in the later stage. The ACO-GA algorithm is more consistent with the actual value, which not only ensures the stability but also ensures the accuracy of prediction, which is more in line with the actual needs.
Clinical Effect of Renal Arterial Sympathetic Radiofrequency Ablation on Secondary Hypertension
Authors: Zhang Hui , Huang Ting , Shen Jie , Zou Yuanlin , Deng Yunchao , Hou Min , Huang Xiang
Published: August 2022

Sympathetic hyperactivity is one of the main mechanisms of secondary hypertension. Reducing renal sympathetic activity through surgery can effectively reduce blood pressure. Many cases have shown that renal denervation (RDN) can selectively block renal artery sympathetic nerve activity to control refractory hypertension. This surgery is a minimally invasive surgery, and the risk of surgery-related adverse events is significantly reduced compared with surgery. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the efficacy of radiofrequency ablation of renal artery sympathetic nerve in the treatment of secondary hypertension. Eight patients with secondary hypertension diagnosed by the cardiovascular department of our hospital and treated with RDN were followed up for 3-18 months, of which 5 cases were followed up for more than 12 months and 8 cases were followed up for more than 3 months. Eight patients were treated with radiofrequency ablation of renal artery catheter. The parameters such as preoperative blood pressure, antihypertensive drugs, organ function, intraoperative ablation resistance, power, time, and temperature were determined. The related changes of blood pressure, antihypertensive drugs, and visceral function and the occurrence of side effects at 1 week and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after operation were related to the operation. In conclusion, RDN has a significant clinical effect in the treatment of refractory hypertension, with stable postoperative blood pressure drop, reduced drug dosage, and less side effects.
Na+/H+-exchanger 1 Enhances Antitumor Activity of Engineered NK-92 Natural Killer Cells
Authors: Gong Yao-Yu , Shao Hongguang , Li Yu , Brafford Patricia , Stine Zachary E. , Sun Jing , Felsher Dean W. , Orange Jordan S. , Albelda Steven M. , Dang Chi V.
Published: August 2022

Adoptive cell transfer (ACT) immunotherapy has remarkable efficacy against some hematologic malignancies. However, its efficacy in solid tumors is limited by the adverse tumor microenvironment (TME) conditions, most notably that acidity inhibits T and natural killer (NK) cell mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) activity and impairs cytotoxicity. In several reported studies, systemic buffering of tumor acidity enhanced the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Paradoxically, we found in a MYC–driven hepatocellular carcinoma model that systemic buffering increased tumor mTORC1 activity, negating inhibition of tumor growth by anti-PD1 treatment. Therefore, in this proof-of-concept study, we tested the metabolic engineering of immune effector cells to mitigate the inhibitory effect of tumor acidity while avoiding side effects associated with systemic buffering. We first overexpressed an activated RHEB in the human NK cell line NK-92, thereby rescuing acid-blunted mTORC1 activity and enhancing cytolytic activity. Then, to directly mitigate the effect of acidity, we ectopically expressed acid extruder proteins. Whereas ectopic expression of carbonic anhydrase IX (CA9) moderately increased mTORC1 activity, it did not enhance effector function. In contrast, overexpressing a constitutively active Na+/H+-exchanger 1 (NHE1; SLC9A1) in NK-92 did not elevate mTORC1 but enhanced degranulation, target engagement, in vitro cytotoxicity, and in vivo antitumor activity. Our findings suggest the feasibility of overcoming the inhibitory effect of the TME by metabolically engineering immune effector cells, which can enhance ACT for better efficacy against solid tumors.

Significance:

This study demonstrates the feasibility of metabolic engineering immune effector cells to overcome inhibition in the TME, an approach that could enhance the efficacy of adoptive transfer immunotherapy.
Development and integration of laser sensor tracking system in robotic arm for path correction during welding operation
Authors: P. Tejaswini , Achutha M. V. , Doddagatte Ananda
Published: August 2022

An industrial robot is mainly used for manufacturing. Industrial robots are 6 or more axes, which can be automatically controlled by programming. Typical applications of robots include welding, painting, picking, and placing printed circuit boards, packaging and labelling, palletizing, product inspection, and testing with high accuracy, precision, and fast speed. Robotic welding is a complex, nonlinear and time varying process which can be affected by various natural or any random disturbances. Due to the effect of various factors, the actual welding path may differ. So, welding robots should be able to detect the actual welding path, then adjust the difference in welding path and complete the welding process accurately. Laser welding is one of the most important technologies in the manufacturing field. It is the most frequently used technology which has made new demands. So, the manufacturer ensures to meet the quality of laser welding and improve the production efficiency. Due to the increase in demand of quality, accuracy, precise, productivity, flexibility and adaptive control of welding robot, an automatic laser seam tracking system is developed with welding robot to precisely follow the welding path and make the necessary corrections during welding operations.
Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Cardiac Arrhythmias in Adults: Mechanistic Insights and Clinical Implications: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Authors: Mehra Reena , Chung Mina K. , Olshansky Brian , Dobrev Dobromir , Jackson Chandra L. , Kundel Vaishnavi , Linz Dominik , Redeker Nancy S. , Redline Susan , Sanders Prashanthan , Somers Virend K. ,   on behalf of the American Heart Association Electrocardiography and Arrhythmias Committee of the Council on Clinical Cardiology; and Stroke Council
Published: August 2022

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), characterized by specific underlying physiological mechanisms, comprises obstructive and central pathophysiology, affects nearly 1 billion individuals worldwide, and is associated with excessive cardiopulmonary morbidity. Strong evidence implicates SDB in cardiac arrhythmogenesis. Immediate consequences of SDB include autonomic nervous system fluctuations, recurrent hypoxia, alterations in carbon dioxide/acid-base status, disrupted sleep architecture, and accompanying increases in negative intrathoracic pressures directly affecting cardiac function. Day-night patterning and circadian biology of SDB-induced pathophysiological sequelae collectively influence the structural and electrophysiological cardiac substrate, thereby creating an ideal milieu for arrhythmogenic propensity. Cohort studies support strong associations of SDB and cardiac arrhythmia, with evidence that discrete respiratory events trigger atrial and ventricular arrhythmic events. Observational studies suggest that SDB treatment reduces atrial fibrillation recurrence after rhythm control interventions. However, high-level evidence from clinical trials that supports a role for SDB intervention on rhythm control is not available. The goals of this scientific statement are to increase knowledge and awareness of the existing science relating SDB to cardiac arrhythmias (atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachyarrhythmias, sudden cardiac death, and bradyarrhythmias), synthesizing data relevant for clinical practice and identifying current knowledge gaps, presenting best practice consensus statements, and prioritizing future scientific directions. Key opportunities identified that are specific to cardiac arrhythmia include optimizing SDB screening, characterizing SDB predictive metrics and underlying pathophysiology, elucidating sex-specific and background-related influences in SDB, assessing the role of mobile health innovations, and prioritizing the conduct of rigorous and adequately powered clinical trials.
Developmental State in Africa
Authors: Temesgen Kidanu A.
Published: August 2022

As various studies have uncovered, a significant number of states in Africa remain in abject poverty and are underdeveloped, long after the end of colonialism. These degrading economic conditions are further reinforced by authoritarian political cultures, unending instability and civil wars. The few exceptions include Botswana, South Africa and Mauritius. To stimulate national economic and social progress, African countries have experimented with different development models. In this paper, we compare the developmental state experiences of Ethiopia and Mauritius. A qualitative research approach was used, and the study is based entirely on an analysis of secondary data sources. The analysis proceeds by using comparative techniques. The findings of the study reveal that though the employment of the developmental state model resulted in growth in both Ethiopia and Mauritius, the way in which they instituted key policies and institutions of the developmental state has been quite different.
Monitoring the use of a canopy bridge and underpasses by arboreal mammals on a Brazilian coastal road
Authors: Franceschi Ingridi Camboim , Dasoler Bibiana Terra , Menger Talita , Kindel Andreas , Almeida da Silva Franciane , Gonçalves Leonardo Júlio Cezar , Braga Ricardo Miranda , Zimmermann Teixeira Fernanda
Published: August 2022

Roads disrupt the canopy and can affect arboreal animals in different ways, such as reducing canopy connectivity, generating habitat loss and degradation, and increasing direct mortality. Since arboreal animals mainly use the canopy for movement, mitigation measures for these species usually focus on maintaining or restoring canopy connectivity to guarantee safe crossings. Here we present a case study of a Brazilian coastal road (ES-060) for which we described the use of a canopy bridge and multiple underpasses by three arboreal mammal species and compared these data with roadkill records of the same species in the vicinity of the crossing structures. Our study includes a 75 m long steel cable canopy bridge, monitored for 3 years, and clusters of different types of underpasses, monitored for 16 years. The use of the crossing structures was monitored with sand track beds installed at entrances on both sides, and roadkill surveys were conducted daily for 16 years. We considered a crossing to be successful if tracks of the same species were recorded on either side of a structure and showed opposite movement trajectories. The canopy bridge survey resulted in an observed rate of 0.16 crossings/month for Callithrix geoffroyi, 7.79 for Coendou insidiosus, and 0.46 for Didelphis aurita, and all types of underpasses combined demonstrated a rate of 0.33, 1.94, and 8.43 crossings/month for each species, respectively. The roadkill surveys resulted in an observed rate of 1.41, 0.78, 2.94 roadkills/month for Callithrix geoffroyi, Coendou insidiosus, and Didelphis aurita, respectively. Even with mitigation structures confirmed to be used by these three species, roadkill hotspots occurred in the road sections with the crossing structures. Our study demonstrated the use of a canopy bridge and different types of underpasses by arboreal mammal species. The canopy bridge was mostly used by Coendou insidiosus, while the underpasses were mainly used by Didelphis aurita. As roadkill hotspots occurred red in the same segments where mitigation crossing structures were installed, our results indicate that some important improvements are needed to mitigate roadkills of arboreal mammals in this area, mainly preventing that these species access the road. We present recommendations for a research agenda to support mitigation planning for arboreal mammals, namely: (1) testing the efficiency of different canopy bridge designs for multispecies mitigation, (2) testing the use of connecting structures, such as ropes that connect to the surrounding forest, to encourage underpass use by arboreal species, and (3) testing fence adaptations to block the access of arboreal mammals to roads.
Refashioning Chinese búshì (不是) rhetoricals
Authors: Chuang Andrew H.C.
Published: August 2022

Two communication types of the Chinese [búshì … ma] patterning can be found in earlier studies in which Type 1 is understood as a yes-no question (default form) and Type 2 a rhetorical question carrying a negative semantic prosody, both types taking place in a “2-party” dialogue. This research has further identified an emergent “construction” (Croft, 2001) that figures also as a rhetorical question (Type 3) except in a “3-party” conversation setting. This Type 3 is found to serve a primary communicative purpose, that is, for “positive interpersonal bonding.” Other findings discussed include: (a) that [búshì … ma] has defaulted from Type 1 to Type 2 in today’s Mandarin Chinese, (b) that there exist subjectivity-based variations in interpreting the thematic agents of a Type 2 expression, (c) that Type 3 expressions have emerged on the grounds of “intersubjectivity,” and (d) that while both Types 2 and 3 are rhetorical questions, they indeed require very different sets of pragmatic competence for implementing an intended illocutionary force. The study looks particularly at how Type 2 and Type 3 [búshì … ma] constructions differentiate themselves from each other and how the [búshì … ma] patterning reflects linguistic economy and efficiency in real-life language use through grammaticalization (grammatical constructionalization).
State commitments and inhumane conventional weapons: An explanatory analysis of treaty ratification
Authors: Karlas Jan
Published: August 2022

In the last 40 years, the international community has made considerable progress towards the regulation of inhumane conventional weapons (ICWs) by adopting treaties that regulate or ban these weapons. However, many states have still not joined these treaties or have joined them with a considerable delay. These ratification decisions cannot be satisfactorily explained by the existing literature on the origin of ICW treaties, which stress the role of global socialization processes. This article offers a theoretical argument that explains state decisions on the ratification of ICW treaties. It argues that while democracies and countries located in regions with high ratification rates are prone to ratify ICW treaties, an insecure external environment impedes or delays ratification. The argument also claims that security costs resulting from the characteristics of the individual treaties can modify the effects of these explanatory factors. To provide an empirical test for the argument, the article conducts a survival analysis that covers the ratification processes of the three existing ICW treaties.
Subway Station and Neighborhood Crime: An Egohood Analysis Using Subway Ridership and Crime Data in New York City
Authors: Li Nan , Kim Young-An
Published: August 2022

In the current study, we examine the effects of the number of subway stations as well as magnitude of subway ridership on crime in 1/4-mile egohoods in New York City, while accounting for structural characteristics and land uses. Longitudinal analyses are conducted using a set of negative binomial regression fixed effects models. We found that the number of subway stations have crime-enhancing effects for robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, and larceny, but crime-reducing for motor vehicle theft. We found mixed findings for subway ridership across different crime types. We also found that the effects of subway stations are moderated by the proportion of retail land use in place. The findings provide evidence that subway stations and ridership have important consequences for the spatial patterns of crime.
DTUAV: a novel cloud–based digital twin system for unmanned aerial vehicles
Authors: Meng Wei , Yang Yuanlin , Zang Jiayao , Li Hongyi , Lu Renquan
Published: August 2022

This paper is concerned with the first work on the integration of digital twin (DT), 5G, cloud platform, and virtual reality (VR) technologies for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) autonomy development. DT focuses on connecting the virtual and physical world as an emerging strategic technology. Initially, it was implemented through mirror models of physical objects to realize the monitoring of their whole life cycle in the manufacturing area. In recent years, DT technologies have been applied in different fields, and some typical DT solutions have been proposed to solve complex system problems. In this paper, we study the problem of how to combine the DT and other emerging technologies for UAV autonomy development and supervision, aiming to propose a basic DT framework to integrate DT and UAVs as reference rules for building DT systems, which includes four parts, that is, Virtual Space, Real Space, Service Center, and Data and Model Processing Center. Based on the proposed basic DT framework, a cloud-based DT system is then further constructed in which cloud platform, 5G, and VR are integrated seamlessly. The running and implementation processes of each subsystem are introduced in detail. Multiple experiments are conducted to verify the usefulness of proposed DT system, that is, real-time system monitoring and cloud processing, VR connection, human–robot interaction through VR technology, and so on. The experimental results show that the proposed DTUAV system can be used in the interaction of virtual and physical systems, remote supervision, intelligence integration of swarm of unmanned vehicles, and so on. The development in our work introduces the DT into unmanned system applications and can promote relevant research in this direction. All implementation codes of the system will be shared in https://github.com/DTUAV .
Modeling and simulation of fiber movement in the drafting zone based on the iterative method
Authors: Cui Yuemin , Cheng Longdi , He Shanshan , Hua Zhihong , Cui Yihuai
Published: August 2022

A model using the iterative method is introduced in this paper to simulate the drafting process, including roller drafting and apron drafting. This proven model is established based on the relationship between the controlling force and the guiding force on a single fiber at different positions in the drafting zone. Through simulation, the effects of fiber length distribution, roller gauge and draft ratio on fiber accelerated points are discussed. The result proves that the accelerated point of a fiber is related to its own length, but has nothing to do with the lengths of other fibers in the sliver. The smaller the roller gauge, the closer the fiber accelerated point is to the front-roller nip and the more concentrated the accelerated-point distribution. Under the condition that a sliver can be drafted, the draft ratio only affects the fiber accelerated points slightly. The distribution of all accelerated points and distributions of different types of fibers in the drafting zone can also be obtained, including floating fibers and fibers that are controlled by the front and back rollers. The model can be applied not only to the roller drafting system, but also to the apron drafting system as a theoretical guide for practice.
Clothing image classification algorithm based on convolutional neural network and optimized regularized extreme learning machine
Authors: Zhou Zhiyu , Liu Mingxuan , Deng Wenxiong , Wang Yaming , Zhu Zefei
Published: August 2022

This paper proposes a new method that uses Alexnet with ImageNet transfer learning as the feature extractor and optimized and regularized extreme learning as the classifier. We keep the first five convolutional layers and the first two fully connected layers of Alexnet, and then train the network. Then, the mutual information between each dimension of the feature and its category is calculated and sorted, and the feature with the highest ranking is selected for feature dimensionality reduction. The regularization penalty term is introduced to the extreme learning machine to control its algorithm complexity and solve the problem of overfitting. Finally, the Runge Kutta optimization algorithm is employed to ameliorate the hidden layer bias and input weight of the regularized extreme learning machine, and the optimized regularized extreme learning machine is used to classify the dimensionality-reduced clothing image traits. The test outcome illustrates that on some apparel classification with style (ACWS) datasets, the precision, recall, F1-score, and accuracy of the proposed algorithm are 93.06%, 93.17%, 92.82%, and 93.14%, respectively, which are better than those of other clothing image classification algorithms. The results verify that the raised algorithm significantly ameliorates the classification property of clothing image algorithms.
Detergency prediction in front-loading washing machines using discrete element method
Authors: Nam Jinsu , Do Ngoc Duc , Jeon Sungbin , Park Junyoung
Published: August 2022

Studies on the washing process have been mainly conducted experimentally, and only a few numerical approaches have been studied. Previous numerical studies on the washing process have focused on analyzing the dynamic behavior of laundry; however, no study has been reported on the detergency caused by the dynamic behavior of laundry. In this study, we predicted the detergency due to the dynamic behavior of the fabrics in a front-loading washing machine using discrete element method simulations and compared the prediction with that of the washing experiments. In addition, the agreement between the experimental and simulated detergencies was high, with a correlation coefficient of 99%. The detergency in the experiment was successfully predicted with power consumption of laundry calculated by the simulations. The lower detergency for larger amounts of fabric was mainly due to reduced normal contact. This study describes the first framework for front-loading washing machine simulations using the discrete element method.
Improvement of multi-item order systems and inventory management models using optimal control theory
Authors: Nakhaeinejad Mahdi , Khademi Zare Hassan , Habibi Mohsen , Khodoomi Mohammad Reza
Published: August 2022

In the competitive market, applying effective and efficient inventory control and order management methods to reduce costs and improve service efficiency and quality, leading to profit maximization, becomes an absolute necessity at the organizational and supply chain level. Therefore, this study used the optimal control theory to propose an order system and inventory management model. The model is presented from the company’s resourcing stage with a desirable accountability level from the supplier side in a continuous review period with dynamic multi-item demand and budget constraints. In the present model, the order was regarded as a time-dependent function and a control variable. In addition, the need for each item is time-dependent and specified. The present model indicates the order and inventory system as an optimal control problem. In addition, Pontryagin’s maximum principle for optimal control problems, Generalized Reduced Gradient Method (GRG), and Kuhn–Tucker conditions were used to seek the optimal order. The model aimed to maximize the total order profit and inventory management systems. Finally, the results were presented numerically and graphically, and some management decisions were derived.