bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extended Reality-Assisted Surgery as a Surgical Training Tool: Pilot Study Presenting First HoloLens-Assisted Complex Penile Revision Surgery
Authors: Quesada-Olarte Jose , Carrion Rafael E. , Fernandez-Crespo Raul , Henry Gerad D. , Simhan Jay , Shridharani Anand , Carrion Rafael E. , Hakky Tariq S.
Published: September 2022

Background

Extended reality-assisted urologic surgery (XRAS) is a novel technology that superimposes a computer-generated image on the physician’s field to integrate common elements of the surgical process in more advanced detail. An extended reality (XR) interface is generated using optical head-mounted display (OHMD) devices.

Aim

To present the first case of HoloLens-assisted complex penile revision surgery.

Methods

We describe our pilot study of HoloLens-assisted penile revision surgery and present a thorough review of the literature regarding XRAS technology and innovative OHMD devices.

Outcomes

The ability of XRAS technology to superimpose a computer-generated image of the patient and integrate common elements of the surgical planning process with long-distance experts.

Results

XRAS is a feasible technology for application in complex penile surgical planning processes.

Clinical Translation

XRAS and OHMD devices are novel technologies applicable to urological surgical training and planning.

Strengths and Limitations

Evidence suggests that the potential use of OHMD devices is safe and beneficial for surgeons. We intend to pioneer HoloLens technology in the surgical planning process of a malfunctioning penile implant due to herniation of the cylinder. This novel technology has not been used in prosthetic surgery, and current data about XRAS are limited.

Conclusion

OHMD devices are effective in the operative setting. Herein, we successfully demonstrated the integration of Microsoft HoloLens 2 into a penile surgical planning process for the first time. Further development and studies for this technology are necessary to better characterize the XRAS as a training and surgical planning tool.
The Role of the Board in Corporate Purpose and Strategy
Authors: Bood Robert , van Ees Hans , Postma Theo
Published: September 2022

This Element is an attempt to contribute to the extant literature on boards and corporate governance by exploring in detail the active involvement of the board in the purpose and strategy of the corporation in order to cope with a complex and uncertain environment.
Affective Capital: Lagos and Nigerian Music Videos
Authors: Eromosele Femi
Published: September 2022

Lagos is a recurrent theme in Nigerian music videos. Eromosele examines this phenomenon in relation to the objectives of the music video and the musician’s star image. Various studies involving emotion and forms of capital help to reveal how Lagos is appropriated into the iconography of music stars in ways that extend the city’s affective capital while serving the promotional aims of the music video. Capital is viewed chiefly as value accumulated through circulation and capable of being transubstantiated into different forms. The economic and political prominence of Lagos influences and is fed by the city’s affective power.
Fires, floods and other extreme events – How watershed processes under climate change will shape our coastlines
Authors: Warrick Jonathan A. , East Amy E. , Dow Helen
Published: September 2022

Ongoing sea-level rise has brought renewed focus on terrestrial sediment supply to the coast because of its strong influence on whether and how long beaches, marshes and other coastal landforms may persist into the future. Here, we summarise findings of sediment discharge from several coastal rivers, revealing that infrequent, large-magnitude events have disproportionate influence on the morphodynamics of coastal landforms and littoral cells. These event-dominated effects are most pronounced for small, steep mountainous rivers that supply beach and wetland sediment along the world’s active tectonic margins, although infrequent events are important drivers of sediment discharge for rivers worldwide. Additionally, extreme events (recurrence intervals of decades to centuries) that follow wildfires, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, extreme precipitation or – most notably – combinations of these factors can redefine coastal sediment budgets and morphology. Some of these extreme events (e.g., wildfiresplusrainfall) are increasing in magnitude and frequency under modern climate warming, with the likely result of increasing sediment flux to affected coastlines. Climate change is also altering watershed processes in both high latitudes and high altitudes, resulting in increased sediment supply to downstream catchments. We conclude that sediment inputs to coastal systems are highly variable with time, and that the variability and trends in sediment input are as important to characterise as long-term averages.
Patient-level information underlying overdiagnosis of urinary tract infections in nursing homes: A discrete choice experiment
Authors: Wretman Christopher J. , Boynton Marcella H. , Preisser John S. , Zimmerman Sheryl , Kistler Christine E.
Published: September 2022

The overdiagnosis of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in nursing home residents is a significant public health threat. Using a discrete choice experiment and a diagnostic guideline, we examined which patient-level information was associated with the overdiagnosis of UTIs and found that urinalysis results and lower urinary tract status were most associated.
Die Weinstockrede Jesu und die missionstheologische Relevanz der gegenseitigen Liebe (Joh 15.1–17)
Authors: Hentschel Anni
Published: September 2022

The Johannine commandment of love aims not only in an ethical-ecclesial sense at the cohesion in the church, but in a mission-theological sense at the winning of new church members. Jn 15.1–17 explains how the mutual immanence of God, Jesus and his disciples enables his followers to gain new fruit in the sense of new church members through mutual love. This continues the christological-ecclesial interpretation of Jesus’ foot-washing from John 13. The symbolic action illustrates how Jesus’ mission leads to the foundation of a community of disciples as a community of love, which becomes the place where the love of God can be permanently experienced (13.1–20, 34–5). The disciples are commissioned to make love present in the world. They are equal among themselves in their immediacy to Jesus, as members of the community of discipleship. A mission-theological use of the harvest metaphor is already found prominently in John 4.35–8 and 12.24–6 and thus in two texts, each of which describes the mission of the followers in correspondence to the mission of Jesus. The vine metaphor deepens that and how Jesus’ followers are to contribute to the enlargement of the community of followers even after his departure, whereby the pre-Easter community of followers is the model for the post-Easter community.
Metaleptisches Erzählen und kulturelles Gedächtnis in den Paulusakten
Authors: Kirchner Markus
Published: September 2022

The Acts of Paul have received the most diverse and contradictory interpretations. Do the ActPl intend to promote the veneration of Paul or a particular theology? Do they offer transparent fiction or do they claim factuality? Are they a collection of oral traditions or a designed literary construction? From the perspective of cultural memory theory, however, the key question is rather how the text allows the reader to participate in a community-generating past. In this view, the opposites turn out to be complementary aspects of an integrative textual strategy. This becomes manifest especially in the technique of metaleptic narration, which transcends the boundary between the world of the text and the reader, between past and present.
Stretching the Scope of Salvation in Matthew: The Significance of the Great Peter's Failings
Authors: Henning Bruce
Published: September 2022

Matthew's didactic teaching blocks often present the terms of salvation as an uncompromising dichotomy, envisioning either complete loyalty or faithlessness (e.g. 10.37–9; 16.25; 24.13). However, the characters in his narrative sections, especially Peter, nuance this harsh binary to allow for a significant degree of failure. After a brief survey recent works on Matthean soteriology and the use of Peter, it is argued that two features of Peter, when combined, widen the scope of salvation. First, Matthew portrays him as occupying a ‘middle ground’ between complete obedience and absolute failure, with all indications pointing to Peter remaining in that space, as emphasised by the last references to him (27.25; 28.16). Second, this failing Peter will not only be allowed in the kingdom, but will have a position of greatness there, as demonstrated by both Matthew's overall theology of status variation within the kingdom (e.g. 19.28; 20.26–7; 5.19) and his unique Petrine accounts (14.22–33; 16.17–19; 17.24–7). Though the way to salvation is narrow (i.e. 7.14), the character of Peter widens it to allow for more failure than some texts in the didactic sections might initially suggest.
Does promoting plant-based products in Veganuary lead to increased sales, and a reduction in meat sales? A natural experiment in a supermarket setting
Authors: Trewern Joanna , Chenoweth Jonathan , Christie Ian , Halevy Sarah
Published: September 2022

Objective:

To explore changes in plant-based and meat product sales during and after implementation of a multi-component in-store intervention implemented by a major UK food retailer. Secondary objectives included exploring differences by store format and area affluence.

Design:

The intervention increased the visibility, accessibility, affordability and availability of a selection of plant-based products. Unit sales of plant-based and meat products during the intervention (January 2021) were compared with pre- (November 2020) and post-intervention (February and March 2021). Non-meat product sales were assessed as a control. Negative binomial mixed models were used to explore sales changes and differences by store format or affluence.

Setting:

The intervention was applied in a real-world supermarket setting during Veganuary.

Participants:

Stores that applied the full intervention (n 154) were included for analysis. Weekly sales data for each store were obtained from the retailer.

Results:

Average weekly unit sales of plant-based products increased significantly (57 %) during the intervention period (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 1·52 (95 % CI1·51, 1·55)). Plant-based product sales decreased post-intervention but remained 15 % higher than pre-intervention (IRR 1·13 (95 % CI 1·12, 1·14)). There was no significant change in meat sales according to time period. The increase in plant-based product sales was greatest at superstores (58 %), especially those located in below average affluence areas (64 %).

Conclusions:

Results suggest that increasing visibility, accessibility, affordability and availability of plant-based products led to increased sales, with evidence of lasting effects. No significant changes in meat sales were observed. Variation according to store format and area affluence indicates targeted intervention approaches are needed.
The association between sleep and depressive symptoms in US adults: data from the NHANES (2007–2014)
Authors: Chunnan Li , Shaomei Shang , Wannian Liang
Published: September 2022

Aims

To assess the association of sleep factors (sleep duration, trouble sleeping, sleep disorder) and combined sleep behaviours with the risk of clinically relevant depression (CRD).

Methods

A total of 17 859 participants (8806 males and 9053 females) aged 20–79 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2014 waves were included. Sleep duration, trouble sleeping and sleep disorder were asked in the home by trained interviewers using the Computer-Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI) system. The combined sleep behaviours were referred to as ‘sleep patterns (healthy, intermediate and poor)’, with a ‘healthy sleep pattern’ defined as sleeping 7–9 h per night with no self-reported trouble sleeping or sleep disorders. And intermediate and poor sleep patterns indicated 1 and 2–3 sleep problems, respectively. Weighted logistic regression was performed to evaluate the association of sleep factors and sleep patterns with the risk of depressive symptoms.

Results

The total prevalence of CRD was 9.5% among the 17 859 participants analysed, with females having almost twice as frequency than males. Compared to normal sleep duration (7–9 h), both short and long sleep duration were linked with a higher risk of CRD (short sleep: OR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.39–1.98; long sleep: OR: 2.75, 95% CI: 1.93–3.92). The self-reported sleep complaints, whether trouble sleeping or sleep disorder, were significantly related with CRD (trouble sleeping: OR: 3.04, 95% CI: 2.59–3.56; sleep disorder: OR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.44–2.34). Furthermore, the correlations appeared to be higher for individuals with poor sleep pattern (OR: 5.98, 95% CI: 4.91–7.29).

Conclusions

In this national representative survey, it was shown that there was a dose-response relationship between sleep patterns and CRD.
Perceived Impact of COVID-19 Among Callers to the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline
Authors: Port Margaret S. , Lake Alison M. , Hoyte-Badu Amanda M. , Rodriguez Claudia L. , Chowdhury Saba J. , Goldstein Alena , Murphy Sean , Cornette Michelle , Gould Madelyn S.
Published: September 2022

Abstract: Background: Research indicates that the COVID-19 pandemic caused increases in psychological distress and suicidal ideation. Aims: To describe the ways suicidal callers to the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline (Lifeline) perceived COVID-19 to have impacted them and assess whether these callers perceived COVID-19-related stress as contributing to their suicidal thoughts. Method: Telephone interviews were conducted with 412 suicidal callers to 12 Lifeline centers. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine the associations between demographic factors and individual COVID-19 stressors and to determine whether callers who endorsed COVID-19-related stress as contributing to their suicidal thoughts differed from those who did not regarding demographics, current suicide risk, history of suicidality, Lifeline use, or individual COVID-19 stressors. Results: Over half of callers reported that COVID-19-related stress contributed to their suicidal ideation (CRSSI). Callers who endorsed CRSSI had higher odds than those who did not of mentioning financial difficulties when asked how COVID-19 impacted them. The two groups of callers did not differ on the other factors examined. Limitations: Interviewed callers may not be representative of all Lifeline callers. Conclusion: Despite the subjective burden of COVID-19-related stress on suicidal Lifeline callers, this was not associated with new suicidality or heightened suicide risk.
Modeling the Dynamic Response of River Deltas to Sea‐Level Rise Acceleration
Authors: Hariharan Jayaram , Passalacqua Paola , Xu Zhongyuan , Michael Holly A. , Steel Elisabeth , Chadwick Austin , Paola Chris , Moodie Andrew J.
Published: September 2022

Climate change is raising sea levels across the globe. On river deltas, sea‐level rise (SLR) may result in land loss, saline intrusion into groundwater aquifers, and other problems that adversely impact coastal communities. There is significant uncertainty surrounding future SLR trajectories and magnitudes, even over decadal timescales. Given this uncertainty, numerical modeling is needed to explore how different SLR projections may impact river delta evolution. In this work, we apply the pyDeltaRCM numerical model to simulate 350 years of deltaic evolution under three different SLR trajectories: steady rise, an abrupt change in SLR rate, and a gradual acceleration of SLR. For each SLR trajectory, we test a set of six final SLR magnitudes between 5 and 40 mm/yr, in addition to control runs with no SLR. We find that both surface channel dynamics as well as aspects of the subsurface change in response to higher rates of SLR, even over centennial timescales. In particular, increased channel mobility due to SLR corresponds to higher sand connectivity in the subsurface. Both the trajectory and magnitude of SLR change influence the evolution of the delta surface, which in turn modifies the structure of the subsurface. We identify correlations between surface and subsurface properties, and find that inferences of subsurface structure from the current surface configuration should be limited to time spans over which the sea level forcing is approximately steady. As a result, this work improves our ability to predict future delta evolution and subsurface connectivity as sea levels continue to rise.
A New Flow‐Kinematics‐Based Model for Time‐Dependent Effective Dispersion in Mixing‐Limited Reactions
Authors: Deucher Ricardo H. , Durlofsky Louis J.
Published: September 2022

A new upscaling procedure that provides 1D representations of 2D mixing‐limited reactive transport systems is developed and applied. A key complication with upscaled models in this setting is that the procedure must differentiate between interface spreading, driven by the spatially variable velocity field, and mixing, through which components contact one another and react. Our model captures the enhanced mixing caused by spreading through use of a time‐dependent effective dispersion term. The early‐time behavior of this dispersion is driven by flow kinematics, while at late times it reaches a Taylor‐dispersion‐like limit. The early‐time behavior is modeled here using a very fast (purely advective) particle tracking procedure. The only free parameter in the model is the late‐time asymptotic effective dispersion. This quantity is estimated using a fit involving a dimensionless grouping of system variables and a few reference results, or by calibrating with the corresponding conservative (non‐reacting) case. Numerical results for bimolecular reaction systems are generated using a pseudo‐spectral approach capable of resolving fronts at high Peclet numbers. Results are presented for three different types of 2D velocity fields over a wide range of parameters. The upscaled model is shown to provide highly accurate results for the conversion factor, along with reasonable approximations of the spatial distribution of reaction occurrence. The model is also shown to be valid to upscale mixing in non‐reacting systems.
Prospective validation of a biomarker-driven response prediction model to romiplostim in lower-risk myelodysplastic neoplasms – results of the EUROPE trial by EMSCO
Authors: Kubasch Anne Sophie , Giagounidis Aristoteles , Metzgeroth Georgia , Jonasova Anna , Herbst Regina , Diaz Jose Miguel Torregrosa , De Renzis Benoit , Götze Katharina S. , Huetter-Kroenke Marie-Luise , Gourin Marie-Pierre , Slama Borhane , Dimicoli-Salazar Sophie , Cony-Makhoul Pascale , Laribi Kamel , Park Sophie , Jersemann Katja , Schipp Dorothea , Metzeler Klaus H. , Tiebel Oliver , Sockel Katja , Gloaguen Silke , Mies Anna , Chermat Fatiha , Thiede Christian , Sapena Rosa , Schlenk Richard F. , Fenaux Pierre , Platzbecker Uwe , Adès Lionel
Published: September 2022

The EUROPE phase 2 trial investigated the predictive value of biomarkers on the clinical efficacy of single agent romiplostim (ROM) treatment in patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic neoplasms (LR-MDS) and thrombocytopenia within the ‘European Myelodysplastic Neoplasms Cooperative Group‘ (EMSCO) network. A total of 77 patients with LR-MDS and a median platelet count of 25/nl were included, all patients received ROM at a starting dose of 750 μg by SC injection weekly. Thirty-two patients (42%) achieved a hematologic improvement of platelets (HI-P) with a median duration of 340 days. Neutrophil (HI-N) and erythroid (HI-E) responses were observed in three (4%) and seven (9%) patients, respectively. We could not confirm previous reports that HI-P correlated with baseline endogenous thrombopoietin levels and platelet transfusion history, but SRSF2 mutation status and hemoglobin levels at baseline were significantly linked to HI-P. Sequential analysis of variant allelic frequency of mutations like SRSF2 did not reveal an impact of ROM on clonal evolution in both responders and non-responders. In summary, our study confirms the safety and efficacy of ROM in LR-MDS patients and may allow to better define subgroups of patients with a high likelihood of response.
Pathway-specific contribution of parvalbumin interneuron NMDARs to synaptic currents and thalamocortical feedforward inhibition
Authors: Lewis Eastman M. , Spence Hayli E. , Akella Neha , Buonanno Andres
Published: September 2022

Prefrontal cortex (PFC) is a site of information convergence important for behaviors relevant to psychiatric disorders. Despite the importance of inhibitory GABAergic parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) interneurons to PFC circuit function and decades of interest in N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) in these neurons, examples of defined circuit functions that depend on PV+ interneuron NMDARs have been elusive. Indeed, it remains controversial whether all PV+ interneurons contain functional NMDARs in adult PFC, which has major consequences for hypotheses of the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders. Using a combination of fluorescent in situ hybridization, pathway-specific optogenetics, cell-type-specific gene ablation, and electrophysiological recordings from PV+ interneurons, here we resolve this controversy. We found that nearly 100% of PV+ interneurons in adult medial PFC (mPFC) express transcripts encoding GluN1 and GluN2B, and they have functional NMDARs. By optogenetically stimulating corticocortical and thalamocortical inputs to mPFC, we show that synaptic NMDAR contribution to PV+ interneuron EPSCs is pathway-specific, which likely explains earlier reports of PV+ interneurons without synaptic NMDAR currents. Lastly, we report a major contribution of NMDARs in PV+ interneurons to thalamus-mediated feedforward inhibition in adult mPFC circuits, suggesting molecular and circuit-based mechanisms for cognitive impairment under conditions of reduced NMDAR function. These findings represent an important conceptual advance that has major implications for hypotheses of the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders.
The emergence of psychoanalytical electrochemistry: the translation of MDD biomarker discovery to diagnosis with electrochemical sensing
Authors: Nadar Priyanka M. , Merrill Mckenna A. , Austin Katherine , Strakowski Stephen M. , Halpern Jeffrey M.
Published: September 2022

The disease burden and healthcare costs of psychiatric diseases along with the pursuit to understand their underlying biochemical mechanisms have led to psychiatric biomarker investigations. Current advances in evaluating candidate biomarkers for psychiatric diseases, such as major depressive disorder (MDD), focus on determining a specific biomarker signature or profile. The origins of candidate biomarkers are heterogenous, ranging from genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, while incorporating associations with clinical characterization. Prior to clinical use, candidate biomarkers must be validated by large multi-site clinical studies, which can be used to determine the ideal MDD biomarker signature. Therefore, identifying valid biomarkers has been challenging, suggesting the need for alternative approaches. Following validation studies, new technology must be employed to transition from biomarker discovery to diagnostic biomolecular profiling. Current technologies used in discovery and validation, such as mass spectroscopy, are currently limited to clinical research due to the cost or complexity of equipment, sample preparation, or measurement analysis. Thus, other technologies such as electrochemical detection must be considered for point-of-care (POC) testing with the needed characteristics for physicians’ offices. This review evaluates the advantages of using electrochemical sensing as a primary diagnostic platform due to its rapidity, accuracy, low cost, biomolecular detection diversity, multiplexed capacity, and instrument flexibility. We evaluate the capabilities of electrochemical methods in evaluating current candidate MDD biomarkers, individually and through multiplexed sensing, for promising applications in detecting MDD biosignatures in the POC setting.
Information flow in first-order potts model phase transition
Authors: Brown Joshua M. , Bossomaier Terry , Barnett Lionel
Published: September 2022

Phase transitions abound in nature and society, and, from species extinction to stock market collapse, their prediction is of widespread importance. In earlier work we showed that Global Transfer Entropy, a general measure of information flow, was found to peaks away from the transition on the disordered side for the Ising model, a canonical second order transition. Here we show that (a) global transfer entropy also peaks on the disordered side of the transition of finite first order transitions, such as ecology dynamics on coral reefs, which have latent heat and no correlation length divergence, and (b) analysis of information flow across state boundaries unifies both transition orders. We obtain the first information-theoretic result for the high-order Potts model and the first demonstration of early warning of a first order transition. The unexpected earlier finding that global transfer entropy peaks on the disordered side of a transition is also found for finite first order systems, albeit not in the thermodynamic limit. By noting that the interface length of clusters in each phase is the dominant region of information flow, we unify the information theoretic behaviour of first and second order transitions.
Effect of fique fibers and its processing by-products on morphology, thermal and mechanical properties of epoxy based biocomposites
Authors: Centeno-Mesa Nicolas , Lombana-Toro Oscar , Correa-Aguirre Juan P. , Hidalgo-Salazar Miguel A.
Published: September 2022

This work examines the morphology, mechanical and thermal properties of biocomposites based on epoxy resin-EP and fique (Furcraea andina), a native crop of South America. The EP-fique biocomposites were prepared using fique powder-FP an industrial waste generated during fique processing, nonwoven fique fiber mats-NWF and unidirectional fique fiber mats-UF oriented at 0° and 90°. The addition of fique into EP matrix restricts EP macromolecule chains movement and enhance the thermal stability of EP. SEM images showed that fique form used (powder or fiber) and mat arrangement can generate changes in the biocomposites morphology. Mechanical characterization show that fique powder and fique fibers oriented at 90° acts as fillers for the epoxy matrix while the fique fibers oriented at 0° reinforce EP matrix increasing the tensile and flexural modulus up to 5700 and 1100% respectively and tensile and flexural strength up to 277% and 820% in comparison with neat EP. The obtained results can increase the interest in researching and developing products from fique Powders and other natural fibers processing byproducts thus reducing the abundance of waste in soil and landfills and environmental concerns and suggest that the EP-fique biocomposites are promising to be used in the automotive sector.
Improving ascertainment of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt with natural language processing
Authors: Bejan Cosmin A. , Ripperger Michael , Wilimitis Drew , Ahmed Ryan , Kang JooEun , Robinson Katelyn , Morley Theodore J. , Ruderfer Douglas M. , Walsh Colin G.
Published: September 2022

Methods relying on diagnostic codes to identify suicidal ideation and suicide attempt in Electronic Health Records (EHRs) at scale are suboptimal because suicide-related outcomes are heavily under-coded. We propose to improve the ascertainment of suicidal outcomes using natural language processing (NLP). We developed information retrieval methodologies to search over 200 million notes from the Vanderbilt EHR. Suicide query terms were extracted using word2vec. A weakly supervised approach was designed to label cases of suicidal outcomes. The NLP validation of the top 200 retrieved patients showed high performance for suicidal ideation (area under the receiver operator curve [AUROC]: 98.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 97.1–99.5) and suicide attempt (AUROC: 97.3, 95% CI 95.2–98.7). Case extraction produced the best performance when combining NLP and diagnostic codes and when accounting for negated suicide expressions in notes. Overall, we demonstrated that scalable and accurate NLP methods can be developed to identify suicidal behavior in EHRs to enhance prevention efforts, predictive models, and precision medicine.
Control of monomeric Vo’s versus Vo clusters in ZrO2−x for solar-light H2 production from H2O at high-yield (millimoles gr−1 h−1)
Authors: Deligiannakis Yiannis , Mantzanis Asterios , Zindrou Areti , Smykala Szymon , Solakidou Maria
Published: September 2022

Pristine zirconia, ZrO2, possesses high premise as photocatalyst due to its conduction band energy edge. However, its high energy-gap is prohibitive for photoactivation by solar-light. Currently, it is unclear how solar-active zirconia can be designed to meet the requirements for high photocatalytic performance. Moreover, transferring this design to an industrial-scale process is a forward-looking route. Herein, we have developed a novel Flame Spray Pyrolysis process for generating solar-light active nano-ZrO2−x via engineering of lattice vacancies, Vo. Using solar photons, our optimal nano-ZrO2−x can achieve milestone H2-production yield, > 2400 μmolg−1 h−1 (closest thus, so far, to high photocatalytic water splitting performance benchmarks). Visible light can be also exploited by nano-ZrO2−x at a high yield via a two-photon process. Control of monomeric Vo versus clusters of Vo’s is the key parameter toward Highly-Performing-Photocatalytic ZrO2−x. Thus, the reusable and sustainable ZrO2−x catalyst achieves so far unattainable solar activated photocatalysis, under large scale production.
A microblog content credibility evaluation model based on collaborative key points
Authors: Xing Ling , Yao Jinglong , Wu Honghai , Ma Huahong
Published: September 2022

The spread of false content on microblogging platforms has created information security threats for users and platforms alike. The confusion caused by false content complicates feature selection during credibility evaluation. To solve this problem, a collaborative key point-based content credibility evaluation model, CECKP, is proposed in this paper. The model obtains the key points of the microblog text from the word level to the sentence level, then evaluates the credibility according to the semantics of the key points. In addition, a rumor lexicon constructed collaboratively during word-level coding strengthens the semantics of related words and solves the feature selection problem when using deep learning methods for content credibility evaluation. Experimental results show that, compared with the Att-BiLSTM model, the F1 score of the proposed model increases by 3.83% and 3.8% when the evaluation results are true and false respectively. The proposed model accordingly improves the performance of content credibility evaluation based on optimized feature selection.
Using global navigation satellite systems for modeling athletic performances in elite football players
Authors: Imbach Frank , Ragheb Waleed , Leveau Valentin , Chailan Romain , Candau Robin , Perrey Stephane
Published: September 2022

This study aims to predict individual Acceleration-Velocity profiles (A-V) from Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) measurements in real-world situations. Data were collected from professional players in the Superleague division during a 1.5 season period (2019–2021). A baseline modeling performance was provided by time-series forecasting methods and compared with two multivariate modeling approaches using ridge regularisation and long short term memory neural networks. The multivariate models considered commercial features and new features extracted from GNSS raw data as predictor variables. A control condition in which profiles were predicted from predictors of the same session outlined the predictability of A-V profiles. Multivariate models were fitted either per player or over the group of players. Predictor variables were pooled according to the mean or an exponential weighting function. As expected, the control condition provided lower error rates than other models on average (p= 0.001). Reference and multivariate models did not show significant differences in error rates (p= 0.124), regardless of the nature of predictors (commercial features or extracted from signal processing methods) or the pooling method used. In addition, models built over a larger population did not provide significantly more accurate predictions. In conclusion, GNSS features seemed to be of limited relevance for predicting individual A-V profiles. However, new signal processing features open up new perspectives in athletic performance or injury occurrence modeling, mainly if higher sampling rate tracking systems are considered.
Economic evaluation of single-photon emission-computed tomography versus stress echocardiography in stable chest pain patients
Authors: Javan-Noughabi Javad , Rezapour Aziz , Hajahmadi Marjan , Alipour Vahid
Published: September 2022

The timely diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) is an important medical problem. This study aims to assess the cost-effectiveness of Single-Photon Emission-Computed Tomography (SPECT) compared with stress echocardiography in stable chest pain patients. An economic evaluation study was conducted to assess the cost-effectiveness of SPECT versus stress echocardiography in stable chest pain patients without known CAD between April 1, 2017, and September 1, 2018 in Tehran, Iran. This study was performed from a societal perspective. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was calculated using a decision tree model. In addition, the robustness of results was examined by deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analysis. This study showed that the expected cost and expected QALY for Stress echocardiography was $1106.75 and 0.83 respectively. Also, SPECT had expected cost and expected QALY equal to $1622.39 and 0.80 respectively. Finally, Stress echocardiography was the dominant strategy for CAD, with a lower cost and greater effectiveness than SPECT. The stress echocardiography can saved $18,528.17 per QALY. A deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the results. Stress echocardiography was a more cost-effective method for diagnosing CAD disease in stable chest pain patients without known CAD compared to SPECT.
Determining the origin of different variants associated with familial mediterranean fever by machine-learning
Authors: Adato Orit , Brenner Ronen , Levy Avi , Shinar Yael , Shemer Asaf , Dvir Shalem , Ben-Zvi Ilan , Livneh Avi , Unger Ron , Kivity Shaye
Published: September 2022

A growing number of familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) patients in Israel do not have a single country of origin for all four grandparents. We aimed to predict the Mediterranean fever gene (MEFV) variant most likely to be found for an individual FMF patient, by a machine learning approach. This study was conducted at the Sheba Medical Center, a referral center for FMF in Israel. All Jewish referrals included in this study carried an FMF associated variant in MEFV as shown by genetic testing performed between 2001 and 2017. We introduced the term ‘origin score’ to capture the dose and different combinations of the grandparents’ origin. A machine learning approach was used to analyze the data. In a total of 1781 referrals included in this study, the p.Met694Val variant was the most common, and the variants p.Glu148Gln and p.Val726Ala second and third most common, respectively. Of 26 countries of origin analyzed, those that increased the likelihood of a referral to carry specific variants were identified in North Africa for p.Met694Val, Europe for p.Val726Ala, and west Asia for p.Glu148Gln. Fourteen of the studied countries did not show a highly probable variant. Based on our results, it is possible to describe an association between modern day origins of the three most common MEFV variant types and a geographical region. A strong geographic association could arise from positive selection of a specific MEFV variant conferring resistance to endemic infectious agents.
Ultrasonography measurement of glottic transverse diameter and subglottic diameter to predict endotracheal tube size in children: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Deekiatphaiboon Chanya , Oofuvong Maliwan , Karnjanawanichkul Orarat , Siripruekpong Sirikarn , Bussadee Pattamawan
Published: September 2022

We aimed to determine the correlation between mid-glottic transverse diameter/subglottic diameter and outer diameter of endotracheal tube (ETT) by ultrasonography in children. Ninety-five patients aged 1–8 years who underwent general anesthesia were included. Ultrasonography of glottic/subglottic transverse diameter was performed by two investigators after patients were anesthetized and when the train of four showed ≤ 4. The subglottic diameter was measured at the mid cricoid cartilage. The mid-glottic transverse diameter was measured at the mid-point of true vocal fold triangle whereas the distance between arytenoids was considered as the glottic transverse diameter. Linear regression models and correlation coefficients (r) were used to determine the best formula of glottic/subglottic transverse diameter to predict the outer diameter of ETT. The predicted outer diameter of ETT formula for subglottic diameter, mid-glottic transverse diameter, and glottic transverse diameter were 5.7 + (subglotticmm/3) with an r of 0.45, 5.5 + (midglotticmm/2) with an r of 0.47, and 5.7 + (glotticmm/4) with an r of 0.46, respectively. The correlation between subglottic diameter and mid-glottic transverse diameter was 0.50. Subglottic/mid-glottic/glottic transverse diameter formulae had moderate correlations with the outer diameter of ETT. The glottic/mid-glottic transverse diameter can be used alternatively to predict the ETT size.

Trial registration: Thai Clinical Trial Registry: TCTR20191022002 Registered 22/10/2019—Prospectively registered, https://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/# TCTR20191022002.
Wiping conditions and fabric properties influenced the microfiber shedding from non-woven products
Authors: Li Fang , Ni Yifan , Cong Junhao , Shen Chensi , Ji Peng , Wang Huaping , Yin Lanjun , Xu Chenye
Published: September 2022

Microfibers released from the simulated daily wiping process of disposable wipes and masks were studied, with emphasis on the effects of wiping conditions and fabric properties.
Preparation, characterization, and performance of PES/GO woven mixed matrix nanocomposite forward osmosis membrane for water desalination
Authors: Nasr Mervat , Alfryyan Nada , Ali Sahar S. , Abd El-Salam Hanafy M. , Shaban Mohamed
Published: September 2022

Optimized FO membrane showed water flux 8.5 times that of commercial CTA membrane, salt rejection of 99.2%, and the lowest reported specific reverse solute flux (0.00026 g L−1).
How varying surface wettability of different PEDOT:PSS formulations and their mixtures affects perovskite crystallization and the efficiency of inverted perovskite solar cells
Authors: Gebremichael Zekarias Teklu , Ugokwe Chikezie , Alam Shahidul , Stumpf Steffi , Diegel Marco , Schubert Ulrich S. , Hoppe Harald
Published: September 2022

PEDOT:PSS (PH, PH1000, AI4083) and their mixtures (PH:PH1000, PH:AI4083, PH:PH1000:AI4083; in 1 : 1 ratios) were used as hole transport layers. Surface properties of these layers have impacted the crystal quality of MAPbI3−xClx and associated device efficiency differently.
Metal halide perovskite layers studied by scanning transmission X-ray microscopy
Authors: Dindault Chloé , Jun Haeyeon , Tondelier Denis , Geffroy Bernard , Bourée Jean-Eric , Bonnassieux Yvan , Schulz Philip , Swaraj Sufal
Published: September 2022

We introduced the utility of high resolution soft X-ray STXM (scanning transmission X-ray microscopy) to study biased and unbiased wet processed metal halide perovskite layers of CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3).
A rapid and sensitive UPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of four potential mutagenic impurities at trace levels in ripretinib drug substance
Authors: Huang Yiwen , Xu Qi , Lu Hui , Li Zhong , Wu Yang
Published: September 2022

Evaluation and classification of the mutagenicity of impurities using two (Q)SAR tools and UPLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous and trace level quantification of four PMIs in ripretinib.
Concentration palette enabling temperature-responsive luminescence co-modulations of inorganic phosphors for a thermally triggered security tag
Authors: Ou Yiyi , Yang Yunlin , Ma Fengkai , Qi Zeming , Brik Mikhail G. , Liang Hongbin
Published: September 2022

Palette for security. The “concentration palette” strategy enables the design of lanthanide-activated phosphors with temperature-responsive colour and orange intensity co-evolution, which are also used to fabricate superior security tag prototypes.
Hypertension and renal disease programming: focus on the early postnatal period
Authors: Albertoni Borghese Maria Florencia , Oronel Lucas Humberto , Ortiz Maria Del Carmen , Majowicz Mónica Patricia
Published: September 2022

The developmental origin of hypertension and renal disease is a concept highly supported by strong evidence coming from both human and animal studies. During development there are periods in which the organs are more vulnerable to stressors. Such periods of susceptibility are also called ‘sensitive windows of exposure’. It was shown that as earlier an adverse event occurs; the greater are the consequences for health impairment. However, evidence show that the postnatal period is also quite important for hypertension and renal disease programming, especially in rodents because they complete nephrogenesis postnatally, and it is also important during preterm human birth.

Considering that the developing kidney is vulnerable to early-life stressors, renal programming is a key element in the developmental programming of hypertension and renal disease.

The purpose of this review is to highlight the great number of studies, most of them performed in animal models, showing the broad range of stressors involved in hypertension and renal disease programming, with a particular focus on the stressors that occur during the early postnatal period. These stressors mainly include undernutrition or specific nutritional deficits, chronic behavioral stress, exposure to environmental chemicals, and pharmacological treatments that affect some important factors involved in renal physiology.

We also discuss the common molecular mechanisms that are activated by the mentioned stressors and that promote the appearance of these adult diseases, with a brief description on some reprogramming strategies, which is a relatively new and promising field to treat or to prevent these diseases.
Speech-Language Pathology's Role in Management of Orofacial Contractures After a Facial Burn
Authors: Arguello Lori Ann , Kerr Kathleen M.
Published: September 2022

Purpose:

Care of the burn patient continues to advance and requires a comprehensive interdisciplinary team. With advances in medical sciences, mortality has declined for patients with large total body surface area burns, and this has resulted in the need for more hands-on clinical judgment and skill from the speech-language pathologist working with burn survivors. Patients with a facial burn injury pose a special challenge for intervention by the speech-language pathologist. This population calls upon the therapist to be able to assess and treat the limiting effects of orofacial scarring and contractures, as well as speech, language, voice, cognitive, and swallowing disorders. Traditionally, occupational and physical therapists have managed orofacial contractures in this population with methods such as pressure garments, silicone masks, and oral splints. Research and data on cutaneous functional units have shown that occupational and physical therapists require significant time to address the whole body needs of the burn care patient, calling for increased involvement from all professionals especially in larger total body surface area burns. Microstomia and orofacial contractures are a treatment need for the facial burn population and present a collaborative treatment opportunity for the speech-language pathologist.

Conclusions:

This article will cover the mechanism of a facial burn injury and how it may cause functional impairments that can be directly impacted through early intervention utilizing speech-language pathology services. Best practice in the care of a patient with dermal or full thickness facial burns should include a referral to the speech-language pathologist. There is an opportunity to expand service delivery by the speech-language pathologist in the acute care and outpatient arenas of burn care.
Operation and control of a synch invulnerable master‐slave organised islanded alternating current microgrid
Authors: Ansari Shamsher , Tariq Mohd , Chandel Aseem , Khan Baseem
Published: September 2022

Microgrid (MG) bridges different inverter interfaced distributed energy resources (DERs) to operate and control efficiently within a grid. The multi‐master‐slave control strategy can provide robust control of inverter interfaced DERs in close proximity. The role of master DERs is significant in synchronising the slave DERs and reducing the effect of single unit failure. However, faulty master DERs and master side communication failure can also suddenly affect the synchronisation of the slave DERs. Unfortunately, previous studies on multi‐master‐slave MGs have not addressed this issue. So, in this paper, a synch invulnerable multi‐master‐slave control strategy is proposed by introducing a synch selector with the centralised secondary controller. The synch selector is designed to pick the synchronising references from the first available healthy master units while keeping other masters operational and sending the synchronising references to the slave DERs. It also significantly reduced the dependency on communication lines up to the possible extent. Real‐time simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy. The presented results show that the unhealthy master units seamlessly can be side‐stepped, and the next possible healthy master unit can be assigned to send reference signals to the slave DERs, hence, resisting synch vulnerability. The observations also show accurate power‐sharing, full utilisation of DERs, and reliable and stable operation of the entire MG.
A multi‐port hybrid circuit breaker integrated with power flow control ability
Authors: Yu Jingqiu , Zhang Zheren , Xu Zheng
Published: September 2022

Power flow controllers and DC circuit breakers are compulsory components in a multi‐terminal DC grid with overhead lines. They are both composed of similar power electronic devices and thus can be reasonably combined together to realize cost savings. This paper proposes a multi‐port circuit breaker integrated with a multi‐port power flow controller (M‐PFCHCB). The topology structure, operation principles, control strategy and parameter configuration are illustrated in detail. The main breakers are composed of unidirectional power electronic switches, and the selection branch is based on two diode strings, which can significantly save the investment of the breaker. The proposed M‐PFCHCB is able to deal with the fault isolation and the ultra‐fast disconnector failure with high performance. Besides, the power flow of multiple lines can be simultaneously regulated by the M‐PFCHCB without any external power supply. The internal power balance is achieved by controlling the AC circulating current inside the M‐PFCHCB. The simulations conducted on PSCAD in a five‐terminal DC grid with eight DC lines verify the feasibility of the proposed M‐PFCHCB. The technical and economic analysis performed proves that the proposed M‐PFCHCB can achieve the comprehensive functions of fault isolation and power flow control with low construction cost.