KAJIAN SPASIAL EVALUASI RENCANA TATA RUANG BERBASIS KEBENCANAAN DI KABUPATEN KUDUS PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Suryanta Jaka , Nahib Irmadi 
Published: December 2017

<p class="JudulABSInd"><span lang="AF">ABSTRAK</span></p><p class="abstrak"><span lang="X-NONE">Pemerintah daerah diberikan kewenangan untuk mengatur dan mengurus rumah tangganya melalui Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah (RTRW). Dokumen RTRW diharapkan menjadi dasar dalam pengaturan, pengendalian dan pemanfaatan ruang di wilayah Kabupaten/Kota sehingga pembangunan dapat dilakukan secara berkelanjutan dan terhindar dari bencana, mengingat di setiap wilayah administrasi Kabupaten di Indonesia selalu dijumpai bagian yang rawan bencana. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi dokumen RTRW Kabupaten Kudus berdasarkan data spasial kebencanaan. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis <em>overlay </em>data spasial rawan bencana terhadap pola ruang dan struktur ruang serta <em>wighting/scoring</em>. Analisis spasial menunjukkan pola ruang yang sudah didesain akan terdampak rawan bencana seluas 13.023,22 ha terdiri atas wilayah rawan banjir 11.692,52 ha (89,78%) dan longsor 1</span><span lang="EN-ID">.</span><span lang="X-NONE">331</span><span lang="EN-ID">,</span><span lang="X-NONE">17 ha (10,22%). Rawan banjir berdampak pada lahan pertanian sawah 9</span><span lang="EN-ID">.</span><span lang="X-NONE">497</span><span lang="EN-ID">,</span><span lang="X-NONE">83 ha (85</span><span lang="EN-ID">,</span><span lang="X-NONE">32%), permukiman sebesar </span><span lang="X-NONE">1</span><span lang="EN-ID">.</span><span lang="X-NONE">168</span><span lang="EN-ID">,</span><span lang="X-NONE">28 </span><span lang="X-NONE">ha (10,5%), sedangkan rawan longsor terjadi di wilayah hutan lindung sebesar 459</span><span lang="EN-ID">,</span><span lang="X-NONE">68 (34</span><span lang="EN-ID">,</span><span lang="X-NONE">53%), kawasan pertanian tanaman pangan sebesar 524</span><span lang="EN-ID">,</span><span lang="X-NONE">90 ha (39</span><span lang="EN-ID">,</span><span lang="X-NONE">43%) dan kawasan hutan produksi sebesar 120</span><span lang="EN-ID">,</span><span lang="X-NONE">89 ha (13,32%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kondisi <em>exsisting</em> sawah dan kawasan hutan bertampalan dengan wilayah rawan bencana longsor dan banjir maka RTRW memungkinkan untuk ditinjau kembali. </span><span lang="EN-ID">S</span><span lang="X-NONE">truktur ruang khususnya jaringan jalan dapat memberikan akses ke wilayah terdampak longsor maupun banjir dengan baik sehingga evakuasi mudah dilaksanakan. Implementasi pola ruang maupun struktur ruang selanjutnya perlu kajian rekayasa penanggulangan wilayah rawan bencana dengan cara struktural berupa bangunan fisik, maupun peningkatan kapasitas masyarakat dan pemasangan instrumen peringatan dini yang akan dipasang baik pada wilayah rawan longsor maupun banjir. Alokasi pola ruang khususnya pada sawah yang rawan terdampak banjir dan hutan yang rawan terdampak longsor perlu ditinjau kembali atau dibuat infrastruktur untuk mengurangi dampak.</span></p><p class="katakunci"><strong><span lang="AF">Kata kunci</span></strong><span lang="AF">: keruangan, </span>rencana tata ruang wilayah <span lang="EN-ID">(</span><span lang="AF">RTRW), kebencanaan, Kabupaten Kudus</span></p><p class="judulABS"><strong><span lang="AF">ABSTRACT</span></strong></p><p class="Abstrakeng"><em><span lang="X-NONE">Local governments are given the authority to regulate and manage their own domestic affairs through spatial planning. Documents of Spattial Planing (RTRW) which become the basics for regulating, controlling and utilizating the district area to implementing sustainable development and avoid disaster, considering that every administrative Regency in Indonesia have disaster-prone areas. This study aims
 
to evaluate the Spatial Planning Document of Kudus </span><span lang="EN-ID">D</span><span lang="X-NONE">istrict based on spatial disaster data. The method used is the overlaying analysis of disaster-prone spatial data to the spatial patterns and structures as well as the space wighting/scoring. The spatial analysis showed that spatial patterns will be affected by a disaster-prone area of 13</span><span lang="EN-ID">.</span><span lang="X-NONE">023</span><span lang="EN-ID">,</span><span lang="X-NONE">22 hectares consisting of flood-prone area 11</span><span lang="EN-ID">.</span><span lang="X-NONE">692</span><span lang="EN-ID">,</span><span lang="X-NONE">52 ha (89</span><span lang="EN-ID">,</span><span lang="X-NONE">78%) and landslides 1</span><span lang="EN-ID">.</span><span lang="X-NONE">331</span><span lang="EN-ID">,</span><span lang="X-NONE">17 ha (10</span><span lang="EN-ID">,</span><span lang="X-NONE">22%). Prone to flooding impact on agricultural land paddy 9</span><span lang="EN-ID">.</span><span lang="X-NONE">497</span><span lang="EN-ID">,</span><span lang="X-NONE">83 ha (85</span><span lang="EN-ID">,</span><span lang="X-NONE">32%), settlement of 1</span><span lang="EN-ID">.</span><span lang="X-NONE">168</span><span lang="EN-ID">,</span><span lang="X-NONE">28 ha (10</span><span lang="EN-ID">,</span><span lang="X-NONE">5%), while prone to landslides occurred in the protected forest area of 459</span><span lang="EN-ID">,</span><span lang="X-NONE">68 (34</span><span lang="EN-ID">,</span><span lang="X-NONE">53%), the area of food crops amounted to 524</span><span lang="EN-ID">,</span><span lang="X-NONE">90 ha (39</span><span lang="EN-ID">,</span><span lang="X-NONE">43% ) and production forest area of 120</span><span lang="EN-ID">,</span><span lang="X-NONE">89 ha (13</span><span lang="EN-ID">,</span><span lang="X-NONE">32%). The results showed some areas of rice fields and forest areas overlap with the potential for landslides and flooding so RTRW allow to be reviewed. The spatial structure mainly the road network access to areas of landsliding and flooding so that the evacuation is well implemented. In the implementation of the spatial planning and structure need to feasibility study due to reduce disaster-prone by using structural means that physically, as well as community capacity building and need to install of early warning instruments that will be used in either region of landslides and floods prone. The spatial pattern allocation  especially used for rice fields that affected by floods and landslides affected the vulnerable forest need to be reviewed or created infrastructure to reduce the impact.</span></em></p><p class="katakunci"><em><strong><span lang="AF">Keywords:</span></strong><span lang="AF"> spatial, spatial planning, disaster, Kudus </span>D<span lang="AF">istrict</span></em></p>