bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sexual and gender-based violence victims’ satisfaction of the support services through the holistic model of care in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Mugisho Gilbert M. , Maroyi Raha , Nabami Solange , Kasherwa Amani C. , Bitenga Ali , Mukwege Denis
Published: November 2022

Background

The quality-of-care assessment is an important indicator of the efficiency of a healthcare system. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), despite the implementation of the holistic care model for the treatment of sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) victims, little is known about the client’s perception of this model and its outcome. This study aimed to examine the expected and perceived satisfaction of service recipients through the One-Stop-Center model of health care in eastern DRC.

Methodology

This descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at Panzi Hospital (PH), in eastern DRC. Data were collected by a mixed-methods approach, 64 Victims of Sexual Violence participated in individual (in-depth) interviews and 150 completed the Survey. The Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare the mean item scores of sexual violence victims’ satisfaction.

Results

The findings from our qualitative analysis demonstrated that the victims admitted at PH had various expectations and needs on arrival depending on their social identity and residence locations. For instance, the VSVs coming from remote areas with ongoing armed conflicts mentioned concerns related to their security in the post-treatment period and the risks of re-victimization that this could incur. Conversely, those who came from the urban neighborhood, with relative security raised various concerns related to their legal reparation and ongoing access to other support services. With scores above 4, victims of sexual violence were extremely satisfied with the overall care provided and wished that PH could continue to support them mentally and financially for an effective reintegration into their communities. The Kruskal–Wallis analysis confirmed statistically significant differences (p < 0.1) in satisfaction with legal support based on the victims' residential locations, social support based on their age groups, occupational therapy based on their religious denominations, and accommodation based on their professional activity.

Conclusions

Results of this study suggest that victims’ satisfaction with support services is based on either the organizational frameworks of clinical or support services within the hospital and the victims’ social environment.
Generic workflow of groundwater flow simulations in geologically complicated domains with millions of unstructured grids
Authors: Liou Tai-Sheng , Huang Sung-Yang , Lin Chao-Yan , Huang Ting-Wei , Chung Chuan-Wei , Hsieh Pei-Shan , Lin Cheng-Kuo
Published: November 2022

Numerical groundwater flow simulation involves manual and tedious pre-processing and post-processing procedures. Hence, this study developed a systematic and efficient workflow to alleviate model buildup and data-processing burdens, allowing researchers to focus on the application aspects of simulation results. This highly automatic workflow allows researchers to execute three-dimensional groundwater flow simulations in sites with complex hydrogeological conditions. Processes in the workflow are formed as a trilogy: building a hydrogeological conceptual model, generating a site-specific unstructured mesh and specifying simulation conditions, and executing the simulation and post-processing results. The workflow feasibility has been demonstrated by simulating the three-component (water, brine, and air) fluid flow in Huayu Islet, the only andesitic island of the basaltic Penghu archipelago, using TOUGH3 (Transport of Unsaturated Groundwater and Heat version 3) and its EOS7 (Equation of State #7) fluid module. Our self-developed mesh generator can produce a locally refined unstructured mesh with millions of grid cells that can capture the essential geological features of Huayu. It was found that, of the three scenarios considered, only the one using a fine mesh coupled with a two-phase Dirichlet boundary condition at the top surface could obtain a physically meaningful bowl-shaped fresh water and brine interface and reasonable transport pathway characteristics. In summary, the developed workflow serves as a practical methodology to authentically characterize the hydrogeologic mechanisms of a site with complicated geology.
Mining real estate ads and property transactions for building and amenity data acquisition
Authors: Chen Xinyu , Biljecki Filip
Published: November 2022

Acquiring spatial data of fine and dynamic urban features such as buildings remains challenging. This paper brings attention to real estate advertisements and property sales data as valuable and dynamic sources of geoinformation in the built environment, but unutilised in spatial data infrastructures. Given the wealth of information they hold and their user-generated nature, we put forward the idea of real estate data as an instance of implicit volunteered geographic information and bring attention to their spatial aspect, potentially alleviating the challenge of acquiring spatial data of fine and dynamic urban features. We develop a mechanism of facilitating continuous acquisition, maintenance, and quality assurance of building data and associated amenities from real estate data. The results of the experiments conducted in Singapore reveal that one month of property listings provides information on 7% of the national building stock and about half of the residential subset, e.g. age, type, and storeys, which are often not available in sources such as OpenStreetMap, potentially supporting applications such as 3D city modelling and energy simulations. The method may serve as a novel means to spatial data quality control as it detects missing amenities and maps future buildings, which are advertised and transacted before they are built, but it exhibits mixed results in identifying unmapped buildings as ads may contain errors that impede the idea.
Two or More
Authors: Albuja Analia F. , West Alexandria , Gaither Sarah E.
Published: November 2022

Most research has investigated Multiracial and Multicultural populations as separate topics, despite demographic and experiential overlap between these. This Element bridges that divide by reviewing and comparing Multiracial and Multicultural research to date—their origins, theoretical and methodological development, and key findings in socialization, identity negotiation and discrimination—to identify points of synthesis and differentiation to guide future research. It highlights challenges researchers face when studying these populations because such research topics necessitate that one moves beyond previous frameworks and theories to grapple with identity as flexible, malleable, and influenced both by internal factors and external perceptions. The areas of overlap and difference are meaningful and illustrate the social constructive nature of race and culture, which is always in flux and being re-defined. This title is also available as open access on Cambridge Core.
DISTRIBUTION OF r-FREE INTEGERS OVER A FLOOR FUNCTION SET
Authors: TANGSUPPHATHAWAT PINTHIRA , SRICHAN TEERAPAT , LAOHAKOSOL VICHIAN
Published: November 2022

For a positive integer
$r\geq 2$
, a natural number n is r-free if there is no prime p such that
$p^r\mid n$
. Asymptotic formulae for the distribution of r-free integers in the floor function set
$S(x):=\{\lfloor x/ n \rfloor :1\leq n\leq x\}$
are derived. The first formula uses an estimate for elements of
$S(x)$
belonging to arithmetic progressions. The other, more refined, formula makes use of an exponent pair and the Riemann hypothesis.
Sceptical theism, the parent analogy, and many goods
Authors: Reis de Oliveira Gabriel
Published: November 2022

William R. Rowe argues for the low probability of the existence of God given our ignorance of the goods that come from apparently gratuitous evils. After exploring this argument, I present Stephen Wykstra's response, which is known as ‘sceptical theism’, focusing on the evocation of the so-called ‘parent analogy’. According to the parent analogy, God's knowledge, compared to ours, is analogous to the comparison between a parent's knowledge and a one-month-old infant's. After pointing out some difficulties with this analogy, I develop an improved version of sceptical theism. My main point is that the most valuable disinterested love and awe for God can be best developed in a world with two evils: our ignorance about most of the justifying goods and the apparent divine absence to sufferers. Moreover, since disinterested love and awe for God bring numerous benefits to human beings, God has good reasons for creating a world with these two evils.
Schulische Reintegration von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit einem ZNS-Tumor
Authors: Leiss Ulrike , Krottendorfer Kerstin , Pletschko Thomas , Peyrl Andreas , Azizi Amedeo , Wekerle Karoline , Schneider Fee , Rosenmayr Verena , Sanin Lisa , Weiler-Wichtl Liesa Josephine , Jagsch Daniela , Kutschera Andrea
Published: November 2022

Zusammenfassung: Unterstützung bei der schulischen Reintegration wird als standard of care in der pädiatrischen Onkologie definiert. Ziel ist die Bereitstellung von Informationen und die Koordination der Kommunikation zwischen Patient_in/Familie, Schule und Krankenhaus. Dies ist von entscheidender Bedeutung für Schüler_innen mit Tumoren des Zentralnervensystems (ZNS), insbesondere in der Nachsorge, da sie eine Risikogruppe für Spätfolgen darstellen. Um die Kooperation zu verbessern, wurden mehrere praktische Unterstützungsmöglichkeiten eingeführt. Im Rahmen des vorgestellten Pilotprojekts wurde darüber hinaus ein Webinar konzipiert und evaluiert, das speziell auf die Fragen von externen Lehrer_innen eingeht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass eine Online-Informationsveranstaltung das notwendige Wissen und die Zusammenarbeit verbessern kann, verdeutlichen gleichzeitig aber auch die Wichtigkeit der kontinuierlichen Unterstützung in Form von Expert_innen für schulische Reintegration, um Schüler_innen mit ZNS-Tumoren angemessen zu begleiten.
Evolution and Drivers of Energy Embodied in Intermediate and Final Trade Between China and the World
Authors: Xia Quanzhi , Han Mengyao , Wu Xiaofang
Published: November 2022

The increasing fragmentation of global supply chains has led to a new phase of international trade with intermediate products comprising a remarkable share. For China as the biggest energy consumer and trading nation, its energy use related to the trade of intermediate products has not yet been fully understood. To fill the gap, this study develops the concept of embodied energy resources to establish an all‐inclusive energy trade budget for China, from exploitation to intermediate production and to final consumption. By combining the input‐output analysis and structural decomposition analysis, the evolution and drivers of energy resources embodied in China's intermediate and final trade are systematically explored for the period 1995–2018. We find that energy resources embodied in China's intermediate trade grew faster than those in final trade. Mining stood out in intermediate trade, while Transport and Service were prominent in final trade. The Global North played a key role in China's trade for final consumption, whereas the Global South had a close relationship with China in production‐driven intermediate trade. Energy efficiency gains made more obvious contributions to saving energy resources embodied in intermediate trade, while production structure changes posed more evident impacts on energy resources embodied in final trade. Taking full account of trade heterogeneity, this study highlights the importance to distinguish intermediate trade from final trade, especially when the former accounted for around 80% of energy use embodied in China's international trade.
Enhancement of Oceanic Eddy Activity by Fine‐Scale Orographic Winds Drives High Productivity, Low Oxygen, and Low pH Conditions in the Santa Barbara Channel
Authors: Kessouri Fayçal , Renault Lionel , McWilliams James C. , Damien Pierre , Bianchi Daniele
Published: November 2022

The Santa Barbara Channel is one of the most productive regions of the California Current System. Yet, the physical processes that sustain this high productivity remain unclear. We use a high‐resolution physical‐biogeochemical model to show that submesoscale eddies generated by islands are energized by orographic effects on the wind, with significant impacts on nutrient, carbon, and oxygen cycles. These eddies are modulated by two co‐occurring air‐sea‐land interactions: transfer of wind energy to ocean currents that intensifies ocean eddies, and a wind‐current feedback that tends to dampen them. Here we show that the dampening is overwhelmed by fine scale wind patterns induced by the presence of surrounding capes and islands. The fine‐scale winds cause an additional transfer of momentum from the atmosphere to the ocean that energizes submesoscale eddies. This drives upward doming of isopycnals in the center of the channel, allowing a more efficient injection of nutrients to the surface, and triggering intense phytoplankton blooms that nearly double productivity relative to the case without fine‐scale winds. The intensification of the doming effect by the wind‐curl and submesoscale eddies pumps deep low oxygen, acidic waters to the center of the cyclonic eddies. These eddies are then transported away from the Channel into the California Current, where they impact a wider area along the central coast, with potential ecological consequences. Our study highlights the important role of air‐sea‐land interactions in modulating coastal processes, and suggests that submesoscale resolving models are required to correctly represent coastal processes and their ecological impacts.
Differentiating the Contributions of Particle Concentration, Humidity, and Hygroscopicity to Aerosol Light Scattering at Three Sites in China
Authors: Jin Xiaoai , Li Zhanqing , Wu Tong , Wang Yuying , Su Tianning , Ren Rongmin , Wu Hao , Zhang Dongmei , Li Shangze , Cribb Maureen
Published: November 2022

The scattering of light by aerosol particles dictates atmospheric visibility, which is a straightforward indicator of air quality. It is affected by numerous factors, such as particle number size distribution, particle mass concentration (PM2.5), ambient relative humidity (RH), and chemical composition. The latter two factors jointly influence the aerosol liquid water content (ALWC). Here, the particle backscattering coefficient (βp) under ambient RH conditions is investigated to differentiate and quantify the contributions of aerosol properties and meteorology using comprehensive observational datasets acquired at three megacities in China, that is, Beijing (BJ), Nanjing (NJ), and Guangzhou (GZ). Overall, the temporal variations in βp under ambient RH conditions are consistent with those in ALWC at the three sites. The PM2.5 in BJ is systematically higher than in NJ and GZ, while ambient RH and aerosol hygroscopicity in NJ are much higher than in BJ and GZ. Notable differences in the variations of βp with related factors at the three sites are demonstrated. βp is more sensitive to particle hygroscopicity and mass in NJ and ambient RH in BJ. The relative contributions of these factors to βp at the three sites under different pollution conditions are differentiated and quantified. The factor with the largest impact on the variability in βp shifts from particle mass to ambient RH as air quality deteriorated to heavy pollution in BJ. The opposite is true in NJ. In GZ, the contributions of these factors to changes in βp under different pollution conditions are similar, both dominated by PM2.5.
Ultrafast optical observation of spin-pumping induced dynamic exchange coupling in ferromagnetic semiconductor/metal bilayer
Authors: Liu X. , Liu P. , Yuan H. C. , Shi J. Y. , Wang H. L. , Nie S. H. , Jin F. , Zheng Z. , Yu X. Z. , Zhao J. H. , Zhao H. B. , Lüpke G.
Published: November 2022

Spin angular momentum transfer in magnetic bilayers offers the possibility of ultrafast and low-loss operation for next-generation spintronic devices. We report the field- and temperature- dependent measurements on the magnetization precessions in Co2FeAl/(Ga,Mn)As by time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect. Analysis of the effective Gilbert damping and phase shift indicates a clear signature of an enhanced dynamic exchange coupling between the two ferromagnetic (FM) layers due to the reinforced spin pumping at resonance. The temperature dependence of the dynamic exchange-coupling reveals a primary contribution from the ferromagnetism in (Ga,Mn)As.
A method of determining anaerobic threshold from percutaneous oxygen saturation
Authors: Abe Masatsugu , Ushio Kai , Ishii Yuri , Nakashima Yuki , Iwaki Daisuke , Fukuhara Kouki , Takahashi Makoto , Mikami Yukio
Published: November 2022

The anaerobic threshold (AT) is the point of the aerobic-to-anaerobic metabolic switch. Despite the many clinical applications of AT, this measurement requires sophisticated equipment and skills. Here, we investigated a simple measurement method for AT using percutaneous oxygen saturation (SpO2) and pulse rate (PR) with a pulse oximeter in a study of exercise stress on healthy volunteers. Twenty individuals (ten men and ten women) were included in the study. Various respiratory parameters, including AT, were measured using conventional analytical methods. The SpO2threshold (ST) was calculated using the SpO2-Slope method. The mean ± standard deviations SpO2at ST was 97.8% ± 0.3% in men and 99.0 ± 0.3% in women. The concordance and interchangeability between ST and various five different types of AT, the ventilatory equivalent for oxygen (VE/VO2_AT), V-Slope (V-Slope_AT), ventilatory equivalent (VE_AT), respiratory exchange ratio (R_AT), and partial pressure of end-tidal oxygen (PETO2_AT) were generally high, with positive correlation coefficients in the range of [0.68–0.80]. These findings suggest that the SpO2-Slope method with a pulse oximeter may be a useful and simple method to determine AT compared to conventional methods.
Leveraging spreadsheet analysis tool for electrically actuated start-up flow of non-Newtonian fluid in small-scale systems
Authors: Roy Manideep , Chakraborty Pritam , Mondal Pranab Kumar , Wongwises Somchai
Published: November 2022

In this article, we demonstrate the solution methodology of start-up electrokinetic flow of non-Newtonian fluids in a microfluidic channel having square cross-section using Spreadsheet analysis tool. In order to incorporate the rheology of the non-Newtonian fluids, we take into consideration the Ostwald-de Waele power law model. By making a comprehensive discussion on the implementation details of the discretized form of the transport equations in Spreadsheet analysis tool, and establishing the analytical solution for a special case of the start-up flow, we compare the results both during initial transience as well as in case of steady-state scenario. Also, to substantiate the efficacy of the proposed spreadsheet analysis in addressing the detailed flow physics of rheological fluids, we verify the results for several cases with the corresponding numerical results. It is found that the solution obtained from the Spreadsheet analysis is in good agreement with the numerical results—a finding supporting spreadsheet analysis's suitability for capturing the fine details of microscale flows. We strongly believe that our analysis study will open up a new research scope in simulating microscale transport process of non-Newtonian fluids in the framework of cost-effective and non-time consuming manner.
Coffee-ring formation through the use of the multi-ring mechanism guided by the self-assembly of magnetic nanoparticles
Authors: Marć M. , Wolak W. , Drzewiński A. , Dudek M. R.
Published: November 2022

The control of the mechanism leading to the appearance of the ring-shaped stains from the dried liquid colloidal droplets has been the subject of intense studies over the last 25 years. This stems from the immense significance of this effect for technological applications. One of the key open topics in this field is the emergence of a regular multi-ring deposit from the dried droplet. Here, we show that magnetic nanoparticles in a drying magnetic liquid droplet can self-assemble into a multi-ring deposit structure, and even more importantly, a magnetic field can be turned on to control the underlying processes. The magnetic liquid is prepared as an aqueous suspension of Fe$$_3$$

3

O$$_4$$

4

magnetic nanoparticles stabilized with (3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) and its droplets are placed on low-density polyethylene (LDPE) film. The results of this work are expected to be very promising in the case of multiple applications including ink-jet printing methods and 2D printed electronics.
Bioaccumulation and physiological changes in the fruiting body of Agaricus bisporus (Large) sing in response to cadmium
Authors: He Haiyan , Zhang Dan , Gao Jianing
Published: November 2022

The bioremediation of heavy metals contaminated soils with macrofungi is a new and promising approach; hence Agaricus bisporus (Large) sing has potentially shown accumulating ability to Cd contamination. This study focused on the tolerance response by A. bisporus to different contents of Cd in the closed cup and the flat stage of fruiting body development. The contents of Cd, soluble protein, sugar, low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs), and antioxidant activity were investigated. The bioaccumulation factor and transfer factor results revealed that Cd accumulated in the cap of A. bisporus more than that in the stipe with the highest content being 18.38 mg kg−1 dry weight at the closed cup stage under 414.28 mg kg−1 Cd stress. High Cd content stress increased soluble protein, proline, and malonaldehyde contents at both stages; while higher peroxidase, catalase, ascorbic acid peroxidase activities, and LMWOAs contents were only recorded at the closed cup stage. On the other hand, Superoxide dismutase activities and soluble sugar content showed a complex trend. Overall, these results have successfully established that A. bisporus could resort to modulating its metabolism to avoid the destructive effects of Cd stress and could successfully accumulate Cd in the soil, which is a promising prospect for the remediation of Cd-contaminated soils.
Extensive urban air pollution footprint evidenced by submicron organic aerosols molecular composition
Authors: Salvador Christian Mark , Chou Charles C.-K. , Ho T.-T. , Ku I-Ting , Tsai C.-Y. , Tsao T.-M. , Tsai M.-J. , Su T.-C.
Published: November 2022

Transport and transformation of urban air pollutants are among the major factors driving the changes in the atmospheric composition in the downwind rural/remote areas of a megacity. Here, we assess the impacts of urban air pollution in a subtropical forest through characterization of the organic markers in submicron aerosol particles. The aerosol samples were collected and analyzed using TD-PTR-ToF-MS, where 163 ions were detected. The concentration of these extracted ions accounts for 83% of the mass of submicron organic aerosols, which are accordingly characterized by a median formula of C7H10O2. Molecular speciation indicates that urban and biomass burning pollution contributed substantially to the budget of organic aerosols, which were enhanced particularly by the liquid water content and acidity of the aerosols. Our results evidence that the footprint of urban air pollution was extended to its downwind forested areas and caused changes in the concentration and composition of submicron aerosols.
Genome sequence and silkomics of the spindle ermine moth, Yponomeuta cagnagella, representing the early diverging lineage of the ditrysian Lepidoptera
Authors: Volenikova Anna , Nguyen Petr , Davey Peter , Sehadova Hana , Kludkiewicz Barbara , Koutecky Petr , Walters James R. , Roessingh Peter , Provaznikova Irena , Sery Michal , Zurovcova Martina , Hradilova Miluse , Rouhova Lenka , Zurovec Michal
Published: November 2022

Many lepidopteran species produce silk, cocoons, feeding tubes, or nests for protection from predators and parasites for caterpillars and pupae. Yet, the number of lepidopteran species whose silk composition has been studied in detail is very small, because the genes encoding the major structural silk proteins tend to be large and repetitive, making their assembly and sequence analysis difficult. Here we have analyzed the silk ofYponomeuta cagnagella, which represents one of the early diverging lineages of the ditrysian Lepidoptera thus improving the coverage of the order. To obtain a comprehensive list of theY. cagnagella silkgenes, we sequenced and assembled a draft genome using Oxford Nanopore and Illumina technologies. We used a silk-gland transcriptome and a silk proteome to identify major silk components and verified the tissue specificity of expression of individual genes. A detailed annotation of the major genes and their putative products, including their complete sequences and exon-intron structures is provided. The morphology of silk glands and fibers are also shown. This study fills an important gap in our growing understanding of the structure, evolution, and function of silk genes and provides genomic resources for future studies of the chemical ecology ofYponomeutaspecies.
Evaluation of commercially available glucagon receptor antibodies and glucagon receptor expression
Authors: Bomholt Anna Billeschou , Johansen Christian Dall , Christensen Jens Bager , Kjeldsen Sasha Alexandra Sampson , Galsgaard Katrine Douglas , Winther-Sørensen Marie , Serizawa Reza , Hornum Mads , Porrini Esteban , Pedersen Jens , Ørskov Cathrine , Gluud Lise Lotte , Sørensen Charlotte Mehlin , Holst Jens Juul , Albrechtsen Reidar , Wewer Albrechtsen Nicolai Jacob
Published: November 2022

Glucagon is a major regulator of metabolism and drugs targeting the glucagon receptor (GCGR) are being developed. Insight into tissue and cell-specific expression of the GCGR is important to understand the biology of glucagon and to differentiate between direct and indirect actions of glucagon. However, it has been challenging to localize the GCGR in tissue due to low expression levels and lack of specific methods. Immunohistochemistry has frequently been used for GCGR localization, but antibodies targeting G-protein-coupled-receptors may be inaccurate. We evaluated all currently commercially available GCGR antibodies. The antibody, ab75240 (Antibody no. 11) was found to perform best among the twelve antibodies tested and using this antibody we found expression of the GCGR in the kidney, liver, preadipocytes, pancreas, and heart. Three antibody-independent approaches all confirmed the presence of the GCGR within the pancreas, liver and the kidneys. GCGR expression should be evaluated by both antibody and antibody-independent approaches.
A semi-automated material exploration scheme to predict the solubilities of tetraphenylporphyrin derivatives
Authors: Shirasawa Raku , Takemura Ichiro , Hattori Shinnosuke , Nagata Yuuya
Published: November 2022

Acceleration of material discovery has been tackled by informatics and laboratory automation. Here we show a semi-automated material exploration scheme to modelize the solubility of tetraphenylporphyrin derivatives. The scheme involved the following steps: definition of a practical chemical search space, prioritization of molecules in the space using an extended algorithm for submodular function maximization without requiring biased variable selection or pre-existing data, synthesis & automated measurement, and machine-learning model estimation. The optimal evaluation order selected using the algorithm covered several similar molecules (32% of all targeted molecules, whereas that obtained by random sampling and uncertainty sampling was ~7% and ~4%, respectively) with a small number of evaluations (10 molecules: 0.13% of all targeted molecules). The derived binary classification models predicted ‘good solvents’ with an accuracy >0.8. Overall, we confirmed the effectivity of the proposed semi-automated scheme in early-stage material search projects for accelerating a wider range of material research.
Iodonium ylides: an emerging and alternative carbene precursor for C–H functionalizations
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev , Borkar Vaishnavi , Mujahid Mohd. , Nunewar Saiprasad , Kanchupalli Vinaykumar
Published: November 2022

This review article summarizes the synthesis of iodonium ylides and its potential applications in C–H funtionalizations/annulations, including nitrogen heterocycles, oxygen heterocyles, alkenylations,etc.
Porous LaFeO3 perovskite catalysts synthesized by different methods and their high activities for CO oxidation
Authors: Huang Xuehui , Wang Xuefang , Yang Xinke , Deng Penghui , Chen Wenzhen , Hu Xiangao
Published: November 2022

In this study, spherical α-Fe2O3 prepared by the hydrothermal method was used as a template for the first time; LaFeO3 perovskite catalysts were successfully synthesized by the molten salt method, sol–gel method, and co-precipitation method.
Titanium dioxide incorporated in cellulose nanofibers with enhanced UV blocking performance by eliminating ROS generation
Authors: Rabani Iqra , Jang Ha-Na , Park Ye-Jee , Tahir Muhammad Shoaib , Lee Yun-Bi , Moon Eun-Yi , Song Jin Won , Seo Young-Soo
Published: November 2022

The preparation of sunblocks with dispersion stability, ultraviolet blocking, and photocompatibility remains a considerable challenge.
Nanoparticle dynamics in hydrogel networks with controlled defects
Authors: Rose Katie A. , Marino Emanuele , O'Bryan Christopher S. , Murray Christopher B. , Lee Daeyeon , Composto Russell J.
Published: November 2022

The effect of nanoscale defects on nanoparticle dynamics in defective tetra-poly(ethylene glycol) (tetra-PEG) hydrogels is investigated using single particle tracking.
Impact of oxidation-induced ordering on the electrical and mechanical properties of a polythiophene co-processed with bistriflimidic acid
Authors: Hultmark Sandra , Craighero Mariavittoria , Zokaei Sepideh , Kim Donghyun , Järsvall Emmy , Farooqi Furqan , Marina Sara , Kroon Renee , Martin Jaime , Zozoulenko Igor , Müller Christian
Published: November 2022

The interplay between the nanostructure of a doped polythiophene with oligoether side chains and its electrical as well as mechanical properties is investigated.
Kagome metal KV3Sb5: an excellent material for surface plasmon and plasmon-mediated hot carrier applications in the infrared region
Authors: He Weiming , Ma Xiangchao , Jiang Jiali , Wu Xin , Zhang Jianqi
Published: November 2022

We have systematically studied the electronic structures, dielectric function, SP, hot carrier generation and transport properties of KV3Sb5. The results indicate the potential of KV3Sb5 for plasmon-mediated hot carrier applications.
Bifunctional additive 2-amino-3-hydroxypyridine for stable and high-efficiency tin–lead perovskite solar cells
Authors: Chen Wentao , Su Kuo , Huang Yuqiong , Brooks Keith Gregory , Kinge Sachin , Zhang Bao , Feng Yaqing , Nazeeruddin Mohammad Khaja , Zhang Yi
Published: November 2022

A schematic illustration of the interaction between perovskites and AHPD, and the effect of AHPD on the microstructure evolution of the films.
The fatty acid imbalance of cystic fibrosis exists at birth independent of feeding in pig and ferret models
Authors: Uc Aliye , Strandvik Birgitta , Yao Jianrong , Liu Xiaoming , Yi Yaling , Sun Xingshen , Welti Ruth , Engelhardt John F. , Norris Andrew W.
Published: November 2022

Persons with cystic fibrosis (CF) exhibit a unique alteration of fatty acid composition, marked especially among polyunsaturates by relative deficiency of linoleic acid and excess of Mead acid. Relative deficiency of docosahexaenoic acid is variably found. However, the initial development of these abnormalities is not understood. We examined fatty acid composition in young CF ferrets and pigs, finding abnormalities from the day of birth onward including relative deficiency of linoleic acid in both species. Fatty acid composition abnormalities were present in both liver and serum phospholipids of newborn CF piglets even prior to feeding, including reduced linoleic acid and increased Mead acid. Serum fatty acid composition evolved over the first weeks of life in both non-CF and CF ferrets, though differences between CF and non-CF persisted. Although red blood cell phospholipid fatty acid composition was normal in newborn animals, it became perturbed in juvenile CF ferrets including relative deficiencies of linoleic and docosahexaenoic acids and excess of Mead acid. In summary, fatty acid composition abnormalities in CF pigs and ferrets exist from a young age including at birth independent of feeding and overlap extensively with the abnormalities found in humans with CF. That the abnormalities exist prior to feeding implies that dietary measures alone will not address the mechanisms of imbalance.
Inhibition of monoamine oxidase B reduces atherosclerosis and fatty liver in mice
Authors: Wang Shu-Huei , Tsai Feng-Chiao , Lin Heng-Huei , Yu Tse-Ya , Kuo Chun-Heng , Li Hung-Yuan , Lin Mao-Shin
Published: November 2022

Oxidative stress is vital for pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Monoamine oxidase (MAO) is an important source of oxidative stress in the vascular system and liver. However, the effect of MAO inhibition on atherosclerosis and NAFLD has not been explored. In the present study, MAO A and B expressions were increased in atherosclerotic plaques in human and apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-deficient mice. Inhibition of MAO B (by deprenyl), but not MAO A (by clorgyline), reduced the atheroma area in the thoracic aorta and aortic sinus in ApoE-deficient mice fed the cholesterol-enriched diet for 15 weeks. MAO B inhibition attenuated oxidative stress, expression of adhesion molecules, production of inflammatory cytokines, and macrophage infiltration in atherosclerotic plaques and decreased plasma triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentrations. MAO B inhibition had no therapeutic effect on restenosis in the femoral artery wire-induced injury model in C57BL/6 mice. In the NAFLD mouse model, MAO B inhibition reduced lipid droplet deposition in the liver and hepatic total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in C57BL/6 mice fed high-fat diets for 10 weeks. Key enzymes for triglyceride and cholesterol biosynthesis (fatty acid synthase and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase, HMGCR) and inflammatory markers were inhibited, and cholesterol clearance was up-regulated (increased LDL receptor expression and reduced proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9, PCSK9, expression) by MAO B inhibition in the liver. These results were also demonstrated in the HepG2 liver cell model. Our data suggest that MAO B inhibition is a potential and novel treatment for atherosclerosis and NAFLD.
Stuttering, Intersectionality, and Identity: A Qualitative Analysis of the Experiences of Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Individuals Who Stutter
Authors: Daniels Derek E. , Boyle Michael P. , Archer Brent E.
Published: November 2022

Purpose:

Speech-language pathologists are influential in shaping identity development for individuals who stutter, particularly as it relates to communication. This study investigated the experiences of lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals who stutter to learn more about how multiple marginalized identities affect their psychosocial experiences.

Method:

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven individuals who stutter with lesbian, gay, and bisexual identities. Participants ranged in age from 22 to 60 years. Data were analyzed for themes and categories by using interpretive phenomenological analysis.

Results:

Four primary themes were identified: (a) the importance of visibility and shared social identity connections for affirmation; (b) effects of oppressive social expectations on identity; (c) intersectionality of stuttering, gay, lesbian, and bisexual identities; and (d) effects of not being affirmed for identity.

Discussion:

Results are discussed in the context of identity affirmation and intersectionality. Through an understanding of identity formation and psychosocial experiences of lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals who stutter, speech-language pathologists can use identity-affirmative practices to support individuals who stutter and mitigate stigmatizing experiences. Implications focus on suggestions for the provision of identity-affirming speech-language pathology practices for students who stutter.
A non‐isolated bidirectional high gain integrated multiport converter for grid tied solar PV fed telecom load
Authors: V Sheeja , Kalpana R , Singh Bhim , Subramaniam Umashankar , Muhibullah Md
Published: November 2022

A multiport converter (MPC) with a non‐isolated high gain bidirectional port is proposed for the grid integration of solar photovoltaic array (SPA) fed telecommunication load. The SPA along with a battery energy storage (BES) meets the power demand of the telecom DC load and the excess/deficit power is exchanged with AC grid. The MPC feeds the DC link of a voltage source converter for bidirectional operation with the AC grid. The small signal analysis of the converter shows that its operation is stable. The SPA, BES, and telecommunication load are rated for lower voltages, consecutively reducing the complexity with series‐connected SPA. The proposed MPC possesses the merits of high voltage gain, reduced inductor size, and reduced number of components. Moreover, a power flow management algorithm is devised for the proposed converter that regulates the DC voltage at the telecom load and ensures smooth power flow control among various ports. The MPC is able to operate at various modes by controlling the ports independently. The converter performance during steady state and dynamic operating conditions under various modes are analyzed with detailed simulation studies. An experimental prototype is developed and test results are demonstrated to prove the viability of the designed converter.
Research on quality evaluation of lubricating oil based on China’s independent development
Authors: Zhang Enxing , Yin Zenghui , Li Guotian , Hao Jing
Published: November 2022

At present, China has become the largest automobile production and sales country in the world, and the second largest lubricant consumption country. It is of great significance to establish China’s independent certification and evaluation system for lubricants.In recent years, China’s heavy-duty diesel engine has basically realized the technology autonomy, and the mode of lubricant evaluation standard equivalent to API specification is not suitable for China’s national conditions. It is imperative to develop a diesel engine oil quality evaluation research that is suitable for China’s national conditions. This paper mainly introduces a series of research on the performance difference of JAC 2.0TCI engine based on the physicochemical, wear and sediment evaluation of different reference oils under the condition of fuel dilution.
Electric vehicle internal resistance test and optimization
Authors: Li Zhe , Yu Tiefei , Zhao Xinwu , Zhong Chongzhi , Zhang Taiyu , Sun Jiaxing
Published: November 2022

In order to improve the energy-saving effect of a pure electric vehicle, this paper analyzes the causes and influencing factors of the internal resistance loss of the automobile, and expounds the necessity of internal resistance optimization. Select a model in research and development, determine the resistance through the sliding resistance test, and evaluate the energy saving potential of the vehicle through the benchmarking method. A method of resistance decomposition is proposed. The resistance values of key components are tested and analyzed, and the optimization scheme is given. In order to verify the effect of the optimization scheme, this paper proposes a theoretical calculation method. After verification, the proposed optimization scheme finally improves the energy-saving effect of the vehicle by 3%.
Research on the influence of fuel detergent synergist on engine fuel supply system
Authors: Wang Shan , Yin Zenghui , Wei Hongyuan , Li Guotian , Hao Jing , Zhang Enxing
Published: November 2022

This paper selects 6 gasoline detergent synergists and 6 diesel detergent synergists that are mainstream in the market. The changes in mass, volume, hardness, size and surface morphology of the main components of the engine fuel supply system after being immersed in fuel containing detergent synergists for 28 days were studied,and these changes are compared with the benchmark fuel. The results show that most of the fuel detergent synergists have almost no corrosive effect on the engine fuel supply system components or are close to the reference fuel, but some gasoline detergent synergists have a slight corrosive swelling effect on the gasoline fuel supply system.
Research on the method of coasting resistance for light-duty vehicles at various altitudes
Authors: Geng Peilin , Liu Le , Wang Lihui , Zou Xionghui
Published: November 2022

In order to obtain the coasting resistance of vehicles at different altitudes and temperatures, experiment selects three different types of vehicles, and conducts altitude coasting resistance research tests at four altitudes and temperatures. The results show that the modified coasting resistance method can accurately correct the coasting resistance of the vehicle under the condition of 0 meters and 20 °C to different altitudes and temperatures, while the error is controlled within 6%.The modified coasting resistance method can be kept within 4% in most cases, and it is applicable to different types of vehicles.
Simulation study on the influence of fuel injection strategy on the soot emission of dual-injection engine
Authors: Zhang Taiyu , Yang Zhengjun , Zhao Haiguang , Li Bing , Qin Jing
Published: November 2022

A 2.0T gasoline engine was modified to a dual-injection engine. Numerical simulation method is used to study the influence of fuel type and fuel injection strategy on the in-cylinder mixture formation process, combustion process and soot emission of dual-injection gasoline engine. The simulation results show that an appropriate increase in the intake port fuel injection ratio can improve the uniformity of the air-fuel mixture. Increasing the fuel injection ratio in the intake port of the dual-injection system, the proportion of fuel directly injected into the cylinder decreases and the oil film distribution in the cylinder is reduced. Among the three injection schemes, the flame front of the D85 injection scheme reaches the cylinder wall earliest, and the flame spreads faster; the soot mass fraction generation decreases with the decrease of the GDI injection ratio. In particular, the amount of soot generated under the D65GDI injection ratio is significantly reduced.
Experimental analysis of electric vehicle energy consumption under low temperature and shortened test conditions
Authors: Sun Long , Yang Zhengjun , Zhang Dongyu , Bao Bo , Yuan Xinmei
Published: November 2022

With the popularization of electric vehicles, more and more attention has been paid to how to select reasonable test methods to evaluate the driving range of electric vehicles. This paper selects two electric vehicle prototypes with different configurations to test the energy consumption of the shortened test cycle at normal temperature and the standard test cycle at low temperature, and analyzes the constant speed working condition in the shortened method and the CLTC-P working condition at low temperature. The results show that both the 100km/h constant speed working condition and the low temperature working condition will cause a significant increase in the energy consumption of electric vehicles, and the energy consumption difference of repeated cycles under the low temperature test condition will also increase significantly compared with that at room temperature. The relevant results are more A comprehensive understanding and evaluation of the energy consumption characteristics of electric vehicles provides a useful reference.
An overview of the present development status of fuel cell vehicle industry under the dual-carbon situations
Authors: Ren Meilin , Li Jun
Published: November 2022

With global energy crisis and environmental issues becoming more and more prominent, the automotive industry is facing unprecedented challenges and changes, energy saving and new energy vehicles have become the strategic focus of national scientific and technological development. In which, hydrogen fuel cell vehicle has aroused great attention as one of major technical schemes because of advantages such as no pollution, zero emission, long range and fuel supply quickness and convenience. As a new type of clean energy technology, fuel cell has gradually become the focus of research for science research institutes, automotive enterprises and power system suppliers at present. This paper summarizes the present development status, technical level and operation promotion status of fuel cell vehicle industry chain, analyzes the influence of relevant policy environment from the aspect of support of national and local governments to the industry, and puts forward the development issues of fuel cell and the prospect in the next step.
Comparative analysis on emission characteristics of normal temperature cold start of gasoline vehicles
Authors: Li Jingyuan , Xu Hang , Yu Hanzhengnan , Liu Yu , Zhang Xin
Published: November 2022

According to the requirements of Normal Temperature Cold Start for the current China six automobile, choose four different light-duty gasoline vehicles, use Beijing six gasoline to carried out type I emission test. Assess WLTC emissions of each interval under the condition of different emission difference, and the causes of pollutant formation in different stages were analyzed. The results show that the WLTC circulation under the cold start phase is still the most pollutants discharge stage, specific performance in cold start phase before the 50s, the main reason is that the exhaust temperature is too low and the catalyst does not light up; Secondly, more pollutants will be produced in the extra-high speed stage, in this stage, open-loop control is used.
Study on the effect of fuel additive on PFI gasoline engine performance and emissions
Authors: Huo Yongzhan , Jing Xiaojun , Yin Zenghui , Wu Mingding
Published: November 2022

With increasingly stringent emission and fuel consumption regulations, fuel additives have been proved to have a huge role in energy conservation and emission reduction, a new type of fuel additive based on nitroparaffin has received worldwide attention. An experimental study was conducted with the aim of developing an understanding of the fuel additive’s effect on a 1.5L naturally aspirated PFI gasoline engine’s power performance, fuel economy, emissions and cylinder cleanliness. The results show that when fueled with fuel additive, engine power increased at full load condition. The commonly used working condition’s average fuel consumption decreased by 4.5% at fuel consumption contour map. For pollutant emissions, unburned hydrocarbons (HC), smoke (filter smoke number, FSN) decreased significantly, slightly higher nitrogen oxides (NOx) compared with no fuel additive. Furthermore, the use of fuel additive has a positive effect on elimination of carbon deposit in the cylinder.