bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anatomical and Ultrasound Study of the Mid-Femoral Sciatic Nerve and Its Division
Authors: Vrzgula Marko , Hudak Vladimir , Lovasova Kvetuse , Vecanova Janka , Hvizdosova Natalia , Mihalik Jozef , Hodorova Ingrid
Published: August 2023

OBJECTIVES

Anatomical variations of the sciatic nerve were supposed as potential causes for incomplete blocks at the level of the popliteal fossa. Therefore, we aimed to conduct an anatomical and ultrasound survey of the mid-femoral sciatic nerve and its division.

BACKGROUND

A regional block of the sciatic nerve is a procedure for analgesia and anaesthesia of the lower extremity. Various approaches to the sciatic nerve are used in clinical practice. However, the sciatic nerve demonstrates several variations regarding its topography and division.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The anatomical study included twenty lower limbs of ten adult cadavers. The ultrasound study involved ten upper legs of five healthy volunteers

RESULTS

The sciatic nerve was found distally to the piriformis muscle in all our cadaveric specimens. It was divided into two major branches (common peroneal nerve and tibial nerve) at a mean distance of 68.1 ± 19.3 mm above the popliteal crease. The observed distances ranged widely from 35 to 113 mm. The mid-femoral sciatic nerve and its division were entirely revealed using ultrasound in all volunteers.

CONCLUSION

The sciatic nerve presents significant anatomical variations, which may cause an incomplete block. Understanding ultrasound anatomy and ultrasound appearance of the sciatic nerve is essential for performing ultrasound-guided sciatic blocks.
Fermentation characteristics and microbial counts of Megathyrsus maximus silage as influenced by Moringa oleifera seeds and ensiling period
Authors: Oyaniran Damilola Kola , Ojo Victoria Olubunmi , Aderinboye Ronke Yemisi , Adeyemi Temidayo Ayodeji , Olanite Jimoh Alao
Published: August 2023

The fermentation characteristics and microbial counts of Megathyrsus maximus ensiled at varying inclusions of Moringa oleifera seeds at different ensiling periods were investigated. Factorial experiment consisting of 3 varying proportions of grass and seeds (100:0, 75:25, and 50:50) and 4 ensiling duration (30, 60, 90, and 120 days) was carried out. The pH was significantly highest (p < 0.05) with the highest inclusion of seeds while pH decreased with increased ensiling duration. Colour and odour changed as the level of seed inclusion increased in the silage while the moisture content (9.10) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) at 30 days of ensiling. Ammonia nitrogen was highest at the highest level of seed inclusion while lactic acid was highest at 60 days of ensiling. Crude protein and tannin contents of the silage increased (p < 0.05) following the increased seed inclusion while there was a reduction as the ensiling duration increased. The total anaerobic bacteria count, total lactobacilli count, and total yeast count of the silage decreased following the increased inclusion of seeds in the silage. As the ensiling duration increased, a reduction in all the silage microbial counts was observed. Inclusion of 25 % of the seeds to 75 % of the grass for silage with ensiling up to 120 days supported improved fermentation characteristics, microbial and crude protein contents as well as a reduction in tannin content which implies that there will not be a detrimental effect on animals that feed on the silage.
Hierarchical Bayesian analysis of racehorse running ability and jockey skills
Authors: Nakakita M. , Nakatsuma T.
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we proposed a new method of evaluating horse ability and jockey skills in horse racing. In the proposed method, we aimed to estimate unobservable individual effects of horses and jockeys simultaneously with regression coefficients for explanatory variables such as horse age and racetrack conditions and other parameters in the regression model. The data used in this paper are records on 1800­m races (excluding steeplechases) held by the Japan Racing Association from 2016 to 2018, including 4063 horses and 143 jockeys. We applied the hierarchical Bayesian model to stably estimate such a large amount of individual effects. We used the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method coupled with Ancillarity- Sufficiency Interweaving Strategy for Bayesian estimation of the model and choose the best model with Widely Applicable Information Criterion as a model selection criterion. As a result, we found a large difference in the ability among horses and jockeys. Additionally, we observed a strong relationship between the individual effects and the race records for both horses and jockeys.
Nonlinear Optimal Control for a Gas Compressor Actuated by a Five-Phase Induction Motor
Authors: Rigatos G. , Abbaszadeh M. , Sari B. , Siano P.
Published: August 2023

The article proposes a nonlinear optimal control method for the dynamic model of a gas centrifugal compressor being actuated by a five-phase induction motor (5-phase IM). To achieve high torque and high power in the functioning of gas compressors, 5-phase IM appear to be advantageous in comparison to three-phase synchronous or asynchronous electric machines. The dynamic model of the integrated compression system, which comprises the gas compressor and the 5-phase IM, is first written in a nonlinear and multivariable state-space form. It is proven that the electrically driven gas-compression system is differentially flat. Next, this system is approximately linearised around a temporary operating point that is recomputed at each sampling interval. The linearisation is based on first-order Taylor series expansion and uses the computation of the Jacobian matrices of the state-space model of the integrated system. For the linearised state-space description of the compressor and 5-phase IM, a stabilising optimal (H-infinity) feedback controller is designed. This controller achieves a solution to the nonlinear optimal control problem of the compressor and 5-phase IM system under model uncertainty and external perturbations. The feedback gains of the controller are computed by solving an algebraic Riccati equation at each iteration of the control method. Lyapunov analysis is used to demonstrate global stability for the control loop. Additionally, the H-infinity Kalman filter is used as a robust state estimator, which allows for implementing sensorless control for the gas compression system.
Neural Network-Based Optimisation of Sinusoidal PWM Controller for VSI-Driven BLDC Motor
Authors: Owusu George , Annan John Kojo , Nunoo Solomon
Published: August 2023

Although increasing the number of switches increases the switch losses, most designed controllers focus on controlling an inverter circuit with more than six switches. The paper aims to address this issue that arises in implementation of the voltage source inverter (VSI) for brushless DC (BLDC) motors. It optimises the sinusoidal pulse width modulation (PWM) controller, minimising total harmonic distortion (THD) while keeping the VSI’s circuit at six switches to avoid increased switching losses. This was achieved by applying an artificial neural network (ANN) to generate a signal, which combines with the already existing reference and carrier signals. The addition of the new signal to the existing signals contributed to generating more pulses compared with the conventional sinusoidal PWM. Simulink was used to design the system and analyse its performance with the conventional and neutral point clamped (NPC) VSI systems. Results indicated that the proposed system performs better when controlled with an LCC filter. Compared with the control experiments, its output waveform has the lowest THD value, which is 6.04%. The switching losses of all the systems were also computed. Results from the computation indicated that the proposed system is capable of reducing the switching losses by 0.6 kW compared with the NPC VSI brushless DC motor (BLDCM) system. BLDCM speed was tested across various conditions; the results are reported in Section 5.
اثر الخصائص الاقتصادية-الاجتماعية للمواطنين على المشاركة العامة في التخطيط الحضري
Authors: Ahmed Mohammed Ismail Shaima , Mohammed Ismail Ahmad , Salman Sadiq Darman
Published: August 2023

تناولت هذه الدراسة موضوع الاثر والعلاقة بين الخصائص الاقتصادية – الاجتماعية للمواطنين ومدى مساهمتهم بالمشاركة العامة في التخطيط الحضري، هدفت الدراسة الى تشخيص  واقع المشاركة  العامة في التخطيط الحضري في مدينة دهوك، اضافة الى  تسليط الضوء على اهم العوامل المؤثرة على المشاركة العامة في التخطيط الحضري  وتحديدا في مدينة دهوك. اعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي. اما فيما يخص البيانات فتمت عملية الجمع بالاعتماد على الاستبانة المخصصة لهذه الغاية. وتم توزيع الاستمارات بواقع (68( استمارة، اهم المؤشرات الاحصائية التي تم اختيارها  في اختبار الفرضية المتمثلة هي التكرار، والنسبة المئويه ، والوسط الحسابي، والانحراف المعياري.

اشارت نتائج الدراسة الى وجود علاقة ارتباط طردية قوية عند مستوى معنوية ( 0.01 ) بين متغيري الخصائص  الاجتماعية- الاقتصادية وبين المشاركة العامة في التخطيط والتي اظهرت فرضية الداسة انه كلما تحسنت الخصائص الاجتماعية والاقتصادية ادى ذلك الى تحسن مستويات المشاركة العامة في التخطيط الحضري وذلك لوجود تلازم ايجابي بين متغيري البحث.

اوصت الدراسة الى ضرورة استخدام مبدأ المشاركة العامة في الخطط المستقبلية للمدينة ، اضافة الى ضرورة عرض الخطط المستقبلية التي تتعلق بمستقبل دهوك على المجتمع المحلي قبل تنفيذ الخطة تفاديا للمشاكل مع المجتمع المحلي.

الكلمات الافتتاحية: المشاركة العامة، التخطيط الحضري
دور المقدرات الريادية في تحقيق ابعاد جودة التعليم العالي دراسة استطلاعية وتحليلية لآراء عينة من القيادات الأكاديمية في الجامعات الخاصة في إمارة الشارقة بدولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة
Authors: Arif Ahmad Ajeen , Rasheed Sultan Hikmat
Published: August 2023

يسعى هذا البحث الى كشف طبيعة دور المقدرات الريادية في تحقيق أبعاد جودة التعليم العالي من خلال استطلاع آراء عينة من القيادات الإدارية والعلمية في جامعات (الشارقة، الامريكية في الشارقة، كلية الأفق الجامعية) في إمارة الشارقة في دولة الامارات العربية المتحدة. وقدم البحث أطار نظري للمقدرات الريادية بوصفه متغيراً مستقلاً وجودة التعليم العالي بوصفه متغيراً معتمداً، كما قدم البحث أطار ميداني يستهدف طبيعة العلاقة والأثر بين ابعاد المتغيرات المبحوثة، وهو ما دفع الى تصميم أنموذج افتراضي يتضمن مجموعة من الفرضيات الرئيسة التي تم اختبارها من خلال استخدام عدد من وسائل التحليل الاحصائي التي تم جمعها من (79) استمارة من القيادات الإدارية والعلمية في الجامعات المبحوثة.
Depressão mista: como tratar?
Authors: Tavares Diego Freitas , Moreno Doris Hupfeld
Published: August 2023

A depressão é um transtorno de humor caracterizado por sintomas como tristeza prolongada, desânimo, cansaço, pouco interesse por atividades que antes eram prazerosas, e alteração do sono. Segundo a Organização Mundial da Saúde, a depressão é uma das doenças mais incapacitantes de todo o mundo. A pesquisa Vigitel Brasil 2021, publicada pelo Ministério da Saúde neste ano, revela que 11,3% dos brasileiros relatam o diagnóstico médico de depressão. Existem vários tipos da doença, dentre eles, a depressão mista, que causa alguns episódios de mania e hipomania.
Semi-Analytical Midcourse Guidance for Coordinated Interception of Multiple Exo-Atmospheric Targets
Authors: Zhang Guoxu , Pang Bo , Wen Changxuan , Song Xun
Published: August 2023

The simultaneous interception of multiple exo-atmospheric threat targets can leave no buffer time for the targets and greatly reduces targets’ penetration probability. This paper proposes centralized and decentralized two midcourse guidance methods to solve the coordinated interception of multiple exo-atmospheric targets. First, the free-time cooperative interception problem minimizing the total impulses is established, where the nonlinear dynamics of the interceptors and targets, the initial impulse constraints, and the terminal interception constraints are considered. Second, the necessary conditions for the optimal cooperative interception problem are derived and then approximated using higher-order Taylor expansions, which result in a series of analytical nonlinear equations. Then, the semi-analytical centralized guidance mode is designed to achieve simultaneous interception of targets by directly solving the analytical nonlinear equations. To improve computational efficiency, the decentralized cooperative guidance mode is further proposed by using the developed iterative freezing trajectory method, where each interceptor uses information from other interceptors in the previous iteration for prediction and distributed computation. Numerical examples verify the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed two guidance methods. Results show that the computational efficiency of the decentralized guidance mode is more efficient compared with the centralized midcourse guidance mode.
Antidisturbance Slip Ratio Algorithm of Aircraft Braking System Based on On/Off Valves
Authors: Li Renjie , Shang Yaoxing , Liu Xiaochao , Wu Shuai , Qi Pengyuan
Published: August 2023

A safe and high-efficiency braking process is the primary consideration for the aircraft braking system. The traditional servo valve is prone to blockage, which can cause serious safety accidents. Based on the analysis of the operation principle of the braking system, a safer aircraft braking system based on an on/off valve is proposed, which uses a normally open valve as the downstream valve. The braking system based on on/off valves has problems such as fluctuating pressure, harsh working conditions, and strong nonlinearity of the system. An algorithm with a strong antidisturbance ability and high braking efficiency is proposed to solve the above three problems. The algorithm typically consists of two main components: outer and inner loops. The outer loop uses the active disturbance rejection control, and the inner loop adopts the segmented nonlinear predictive pressure regulation algorithm with compensation. The outer loop can compensate for the internal uncertainty and external disturbance of the system. The inner loop can compensate for the flow rate during the closing process of the on/off valve to ensure the pressure regulation effect and the life of the on/off valve. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has a strong antidisturbance ability and high regulation precision. The braking distance of the algorithm can be reduced by 5.48–15.15% under three different working conditions, which significantly improves the braking efficiency of the aircraft.
Transfers Between Moons with Escape and Capture Patterns via Lyapunov Exponent Maps
Authors: Canales David , Howell Kathleen C. , Fantino Elena , Gilliam Annika J.
Published: August 2023

This contribution focuses on the design of low-energy transfers between planetary moons and presents an efficient technique to compute trajectories characterized by desirable behaviors in the vicinities of the departure and destination bodies. The method utilizes finite-time Lyapunov exponent maps in combination with the moon-to-moon analytical transfer method previously proposed by the authors. The integration of these two components facilitates the design of direct transfers between moons within the context of the circular restricted three-body problem, and allows the inclusion of a variety of trajectory patterns, such as captures, landings, transits, and takeoffs, at the two ends of a transfer. The foundations and properties of the technique are illustrated through an application based on impulsive direct transfers between Ganymede and Europa. However, the methodology can be employed to assist in the design of more complex mission scenarios, such as moon tours.
Two-Stage Multicriteria Decision-Making Framework for Aircraft Conflict Resolution
Authors: Hong Youkyung , Kim Youdan
Published: August 2023

In this study, a two-stage multicriteria decision-making framework for aircraft conflict resolution in the air traffic management system is proposed. Aircraft conflict resolution has been commonly solved based on single-objective optimization. However, the existing approach may not provide a satisfactory solution to all stakeholders involved in the air traffic management system. Therefore, in the first stage of the proposed algorithm, a new conflict resolution strategy is presented based on multiobjective optimization in which multiple-objective functions are optimized simultaneously. Each objective function is designed to take into account the interests of various stakeholders, and the augmented epsilon-constraint method is applied to determine Pareto optimal solutions. In the second stage, the best compromise solution among the Pareto optimal solutions is determined based on the technique for order performance by similarity to the ideal solution. The numerical simulation results show that the proposed algorithm provides a better solution from the perspective of mitigating the competing interests among stakeholders than the existing approach based on single-objective optimization.
Control Acquisition Attack of Aerospace Systems via False Data Injection
Authors: Jares Garrett , Valasek John
Published: August 2023

The cyber threat to aerospace systems has been growing rapidly in recent years with several real-world and experimental cyberattacks observed. This growing threat has prompted investigation of cyberattack and defense strategies for manned and unmanned air systems, spacecraft, and other aerospace systems. The work in this paper seeks to further understand these attacks by introducing and developing a novel cyberattack for autonomous aerospace systems. The problem faced by the attacker is posed and discussed analytically using false data injection of state measurements to exploit the vehicle’s onboard controller to take control of the system. It is shown that the attacker can utilize traditional control techniques to exert control over the system and eliminate the control of the victim by intercepting and modifying the vehicle’s measurement data. The attacker is able to accomplish this objective without any prior knowledge of the system’s plant, controller, or reference signal. The attack is demonstrated on the elevator-to-pitch-attitude-angle dynamics of a Cessna T-37 aircraft model. It is shown to be successful in eliminating the victim’s control influence over the system and driving the system to its own target state.
Macroscopic View of Reynolds Scaling and Stretch Effects in Spherical Turbulent Premixed Flames
Authors: Vinod Aditya , Kulkarni Tejas , Bisetti Fabrizio
Published: August 2023

The burning rate in a spherically expanding turbulent premixed flame is explored using direct numerical simulations, and a model of ordinary differential equations is proposed. The numerical dataset, from a previous work, is obtained from direct numerical simulations of confined spherical flames in isotropic turbulence over a range of Reynolds numbers. We begin the derivation of the model with an equation for the burning rate for the domain under consideration, and using a thin flame assumption and a two-fluid approach, we find the normalized turbulent burning rate to be controlled by the increase in flame surface area due to turbulent wrinkling, and correction factor that is observed to be consistently less than unity. A Reynolds scaling hypothesis for the flame turbulent wrinkling from a previous work using the same numerical dataset is used to model the term controlling the increase in flame surface area. The correction factor is hypothesized to reflect flame stretch effects, and hence this factor is modeled using Markstein theory applied to global averaged quantities. The ordinary differential equations are rewritten to reflect easily observable quantities such as the chamber pressure and mean flame radius, and then expressed in dimensionless form to assess dependence on various dimensionless parameters. The model predictions are found to be in good agreement with the numerical data within expected variances. Additionally, Markstein theory is found to be sufficient in describing the effects of flame stretch in the turbulent premixed flames under consideration.
Gradient-Enhanced Kriging for High-Dimensional Bayesian Optimization with Linear Embedding
Authors: Cheng Kai , Zimmermann Ralf
Published: August 2023

This paper explores the application of gradient-enhanced (GE) kriging for Bayesian optimization (BO) problems with a high-dimensional parameter space. We utilize the active subspace method to embed the original parameter space in a low-dimensional subspace. The active subspace is detected by analyzing the spectrum of the empirical second-moment matrix of the gradients of the response function. By mapping the training data onto their respective subspace, the objective function and the constraint functions are efficiently approximated with low-dimensional GE-kriging models. In each cycle of the BO procedure, a new point is found by maximizing the constrained expected improvement function within a low-dimensional polytope, and it is mapped back to the original space for model evaluation. In this way, the computational costs are significantly reduced when compared with standard GE-kriging. We illustrate and assess the proposed approach with numerical experiments ranging from academic benchmark problems to aerodynamic engineering applications. The experimental results show that the proposed method is promising for optimizing high-dimensional expensive objective functions, especially for problems that exhibit a clear low-dimensional active subspace.
Study of Unsteady Surface Flowfields on and Around Turrets with Different Protrusions
Authors: Bukowski Timothy J. , Gordeyev Stanislav , Kalensky Matthew , Kemnetz Matthew R.
Published: August 2023

Wind-tunnel experiments were conducted to measure the unsteady surface pressure field on and around a hemisphere-on-cylinder turret of varying protrusion in subsonic flow. These measurements were obtained using fast-response pressure-sensitive paint coupled with pressure transducers. The surface pressure field data resulting from Mach 0.5 flow ([Formula: see text]) over a partially submerged hemisphere, a hemisphere, and a hemisphere on a cylinder were analyzed using proper orthogonal decomposition modal analysis, as well as a variant of this approach referred to as joint proper orthogonal decomposition. The results showed that decreased turret protrusion into the freestream flow reduced the prevalence of antisymmetric surface pressure field fluctuations caused by antisymmetrical vortex shedding. The frequency associated with this fluctuation was found to be around [Formula: see text]. When a partial hemispherical turret geometry was used, it was shown that the antisymmetric mode was greatly suppressed; and the wake was dominated by a symmetric mode with a broadband spectral peak at a higher frequency of [Formula: see text]. This suggests that there is a “mode switching” as the protrusion is changed from the hemisphere to the partial hemisphere configuration. An optical flow approach was used to find the convective velocity field in the wake, from which topological flow features could be identified. The size of the wake separation region was found to grow smaller with the decreased protrusion while keeping a similar shape.
The Role of Georgetown Public Library in Meeting the Academic Information Needs of High School Learners
Authors: Jiyane Velile , Sokhela Mxolisi I
Published: August 2023

High school learners have various information needs crucial for the acquisition of knowledge and skills in preparing them for future academic progress. This study set out to investigate the role of Georgetown public library in meeting the academic information needs of high school learners. It established the nature of academic information sought by learners, ascertained the learners’ information-seeking behaviour and determined the ways Georgetown public library (in Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa) uses to meet the academic information needs of high school learners. A quantitative research approach was adopted, and the survey research design was used. Through a systematic sampling technique, the study randomly administered 291 questionnaires to high school learners in the Georgetown public library in the Edendale area. Data were analysed following a descriptive analysis method. The results of the study revealed that, among others, the nature of academic information needs of learners included information to perform various school projects; doing assignments; improving reading skills; obtaining information for tasks given by teachers; and gaining access to computers and space. Some learners were familiar with library operations and possessed limited skills; therefore, they sought information on their own. However, some sought assistance from and heavily relied on library staff for seeking information to satisfy their information uncertainty, and for help with computer usage. Books were the main resource of the library utilised by high school learners, although other resources such as encyclopaedias, magazines, newspapers, CDs, study guides, textbooks, and dictionaries were also used. The study concluded that most learners understood their information needs, although they used different ways to satisfy them. The availability of computers and assistance from the librarians were crucial for them to meet their academic information needs. The study recommends that Georgetown public library should be aware of the needs of Grade 10 high school learners and understand their information-seeking behaviour to assist with guidance, knowledge and computer skills.
Psychological distress levels in patients of total knee arthroplasty and their adherence to home exercise program – A correlational study
Authors: Parekh Nikee Mehul , Sawant Siddhanth Sunil , Dabadghav Rachana , Shyam Ashok , Sancheti Parag K.
Published: August 2023

Objectives:

Older people commonly experience life stressors such as reduced mobility, chronic pain, and fatigue. This leads to loneliness, isolation, and psychological distress among them, putting them at risk of developing mental and psychological disorders such as depression, dementia and anxiety. In older people, total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is one of the most common orthopedic surgeries undertaken. For physical therapeutic rehabilitation, home exercise programs (HEPs) are prescribed post-surgery. These programs require a lot of self-motivation which is reduced in those with mental illnesses. The objectives of this study were to assess the psychological distress levels in patients, to assess their HEP adherence, and, lastly, to study whether there is a correlation between the patient’s psychological distress levels and their HEP adherence.

Material and Methods:

Forty-three subjects who underwent TKA were recruited during their post-operative hospital stay. Their demographic data and date of surgery were collected. At 1 month postoperatively, they were sent a Google form comprising two questionnaires-subsection B of the exercise adherence rating scale and patient health questionnaire-4 to measure adherence to HEP and psychological distress levels. Obtained scores were correlated using Spearman’s test. The confidence interval and P value were set at 95% and <0.05, respectively.

Results:

The mean age of the 43 subjects was 62.58 ± 9.15. Spearman’s correlation coefficient (r) was −0.47, that is, a moderate negative correlation was found and the P value obtained was 0.02 which is statistically significant.

Conclusion:

Psychological distress levels have a negative correlation with HEP adherence in patients with TKA.
Second harmonic generation as a probe of structure and dynamics of ionic liquids at the electrode interface
Authors: Nishi Naoya , Baba Hiromasa , Yamazawa Takashi , Yokoyama Yuko , Sakka Tetsuo
Published: August 2023

Electrochemical second harmonic generation (ESHG) has been applied as a probe of the slow dynamics in the electric double layer (EDL) at the ionic liquid (IL)/Au interface. When the electrode potential was stepped, the SHG signal from the interface was relaxed on the time scale of longer than tens of seconds, which is distinctively slower than the RC time constant of the cell. This ultraslow relaxation in ESHG was quantitatively analyzed and discussed for several ILs, revealing that the ultraslow relaxation itself is a common phenomenon for the EDL in the ILs studied but the asymmetry of the time constants to the potential-step directions depends on the IL ions, which is likely to reflect the structure ordering of the interfacial ionic layer in the EDL depending on both ILs and the potential. The EDL structure in equilibrium has also been investigated via SHG measurements with a potential scan at a sufficiently slow rate; the potential dependence of the SHG signal was found to deviate from a simple parabolic one, reflecting the camel-shaped static differential capacitance for the EDL in ILs.
Drug Utilization Pattern and Role of Clinical Pharmacist in Medication Adherence of Stroke Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital, South India: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: C Muhas , P Hasna , KM Nayana , M Jassim , KS Aparna
Published: August 2023

Stroke comprises of a broad term encompassing many disorders of the blood vessels of the central nervous system that may result from either inadequate blood flow to the brain with subsequent infarction of the involved portion of the CNS or haemorrhages into the parenchyma or subarachnoid space of the CNS causing neurologic dysfunction. Stroke is one of the major cause of mortality worldwide. The objective of the study was to assess the drug utilization pattern (DUP) and to evaluate the impact of counseling on medication adherence for stroke patient admitted in the hospital. Dual antiplatelet therapy (69.4%) was mostly given over monotherapy (28.2%). CCB (28.2%) was the most commonly prescribed antihypertensive drug class and amlodipine (77.1%) was the major CCB given in this study. 96.5 prescriptions comply AHA/ASA guidelines. Unintentional reasons for nonadherence were been reported more frequently than intentional reasons prior to the counseling. The commonest reported unintentional reasons were Forgetfulness (96.0%), Confusion (80.0%) and intentional reasons are carelessness (92%), avoiding dosing schedule (78%). Medication adherence before and after counseling was compared and was found to be improved with a statistically significant (p
Ontarians’ perceptions of “Hockey English”
Authors: Dallinges Julie
Published: August 2023

This article focuses on how Hockey English (HE) is perceived and represented by Ontarians. It is based on a three-part online survey which was completed by a total of 249 respondents. Interest in this community of practice emanates from the strong link between Canadian identity and hockey, as hockey has been Canada’s official national winter sport since 1994. This study finds that, in the popular imagination of Ontarians, there exists a particular form of Canadian English (CE), spoken among ice hockey players that respondents describe in terms of lexical features and associate with a lack of education and with rurality. According to them, use of this speech is not restricted to the context of hockey; rather, it can be heard in everyday conversation as well. The findings highlight that more than 50% of the respondents perceive no gender differences in HE. Despite the perceived differences between CE and HE, some participants report that “sounding Canadian” is a way to identify speakers of HE.
Ted Lasso’s Goldfish Principle
Authors: MacDonald Cheryl
Published: August 2023

This article maps the impacts of the coronavirus or COVID-19 pandemic on the daily life and wellbeing of university ice hockey athletes in Atlantic Canada. The study branched out from broader research on participants in all university sports in the region that fall under the national governing body, U SPORTS. The regional conference Atlantic University Sport (AUS) houses eleven member institutions, eight of which are varsity ice hockey teams, for total of approximately 300 athletes in both men’s and women’s competition. In the context of a small body of literature on the university athlete experience in Canada and the new challenges that the pandemic posed for modern life, this exploratory study sought to chronicle how the athletes encountered and endured the pandemic, including the cancellation of competition in the Fall of 2020 and beyond. This is a case study using a multidisciplinary lens. It was informed by a sociological account of disruption and relied on a patchwork of literature from education, psychology, sport management, and health studies. Data collection occurred through an online qualitative questionnaire and a content analysis of local mainstream media articles. It was then analyzed partly through a qualitative debrief interview with an athlete from the population. The study results will offer scholars, university sport administrators, and student services professionals an understanding of how university hockey athletes in the region made sense of the long-term uncertainty and frequent changes to their everyday lives, perhaps with a view to improving the quality of support and development programming that institutions offer in the future.
From “Listen and Learn” to Learning to Listen Again
Authors: Shuvera Ryan
Published: August 2023

When support for Black Lives Matter protests grew throughout 2020, some NHL players spoke out to back the movement and joined Black-led marches across North America. “Listen and learn” became key words for white players showing support. Around the same time, Black professional hockey players created the Hockey Diversity Alliance (HDA) to push for “sustainable change” at various levels of hockey (HDA 2020). However, in October 2020, the HDA announced that it would “operate independent of the NHL” after not receiving any response to its pledge (2020). There is a collection of powerful voices in the NHL which includes players, coaches, managers, and league representatives. However, unlike the WNBA, NBA, MLB, MLS, and NFL, most players, coaches, managers, and representatives are white. As a result, it offers a sample from which to consider the responses of people who identify as white or are of white European settler descent to the calls for justice and support from Black, Indigenous, and People of Colour within and outside of hockey. The purpose of this discussion is to begin to breakdown the tangible work of responding to calls for justice for Black people in North America. Part of this process is the cataloguing of the range of responses. This paper will begin to gather, catalogue, and observe the different responses of white professional hockey players and league representatives to the work of Black Lives Matter organizations and protests and the HDA.
The Strategies Sport Fans Used to Cope with the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown of Sporting Events
Authors: Grieve Frederick G. , Wann Daniel L. , Havard Cody T. , Partridge Julie , Peetz Ted , Zapalac Ryan K. , Case Joseph , Cotterman Riley
Published: August 2023

When the COVID-19 pandemic shut down occurred, virtually all sports leagues—from recreational sports to professional leagues—were paused or canceled. This left a gap for fans of those sports to fill. The purpose of the present research study was threefold: 1) to examine what strategies sport fans used to cope with the loss of the live sport viewership/spectatorship; 2) determine how effective fans believed those coping mechanisms to be; and 3) examine fans’ behavioral intentions once sports were allowed to resume. Participants were recruited via a snowball sample and the Amazon MTurk platform. A total of 384 sport fans responded to the survey. While not all participants responded to all items, 168 indicated coping mechanisms for dealing with not watching sports and 219 reported coping mechanisms for not attending sports. The most common coping mechanism was watching old sporting events on television or via the internet. These mechanisms were reported to be very effective in helping participants cope with the loss of sports (M = 5.76, SD = 1.68 on a 1 to 8 scale). These findings provide support for the Team Identification – Social Psychological Health Model and suggest areas for interventions for sport marketers who are looking to maintain fans’ loyalty during future shutdowns of sport seasons, or other instances of missed sporting events.
Latin American Participation in the Olympics
Authors: Rausch Jane
Published: August 2023

In Olympismo: The Olympic Movement in the Making of Latin America and the Caribbean (2020), editors Sotomayor and Torres suggest that studying the Olympic Movement in Latin America is a way to explore the creation of their societies. but there are few publications examining how Latin American scholars consider their Olympic experience. Reviewing the growth of Olympic sports in Colombia provides a good test of this thesis. This study traces the development of Colombia’s involvement in sport from 1930 to 2022. We see that by competing in national and other western-hemisphere events, Colombian athletes have improved their performances; that the national government, supported by programs offered by the United Nations and the US Peace Corps, has encouraged sport development in education; that grassroots activities, such as boxing and cycling, have produced world-class athletes; and that women and Afro-Colombians have become celebrated competitors. From the vantage point of 2023, there is evidence that the desire to win Olympic medals has inspired positive social change and elevated and diversified athletic participation in Colombia.
Analisis Daya Saring Geotextile terhadap Material Konvensional (Ijuk & Goni) (Studi Kasus Drainase DPT Jl. Prabu Kian Santang, Priuk, Tangerang)
Authors: Desiyanto Fanni , Bayuaji Ontoseno , Jaya Allan Restu
Published: August 2023

ABSTRAKDinding penahan tanah merupakan bangunan struktur terbuat dari batu kali, beton, besi, dan timbunan yang didesain untuk menahan beban lateral dan digunakan sebagai pembatas lahan curam. Penggunaan material penyaring tanah dalam sistem drainase bawah tanah sebagai salah satu upaya pencegahan terjadinya pergeseran lahan pada bagian timbunan yang lebih tinggi dengan memisahkan partikel tanah yang terbawa oleh air pada proses pengaliran air hujan dari dalam tanah timbunan yang lebih tinggi ke area pembuangan. Media filtrasi tanah menggunakan geotekstil, ijuk dan kain goni. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Mekanika Tanah Unis dan pengujian langsung di lokasi studi. Setelah dilakukan penelitian, endapan lumpur dalam air yang tersaring oleh geotekstil sebesar 4,653846% dengan tingkat kekeruhan 130,4NTU; oleh kain goni sebesar 9,423077% dengan nilai keruh 198,8NTU; dan oleh ijuk sebesar 11,15385% nilai kekeruhan 245,7NTU. Namun kecepatan pengendapan lumpur dalam air tanah tersaring oleh ijuk lebih besar dengan nilai 4.833mm/jam dibandingkan dengan kain goni sebesar 4.083mm/jam dan Geotekstil sebesar 2.016mm/jam. Dari hasil penelitian yang sudah dilakukan bisa disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan material geotextile yang dibandingkan dengan kain goni dan ijuk bisa meningkatkan kemampuan filtrasi air tanah.Kata kunci: geotextile, ijuk, kain goni, filtrasi, endapan, keruh ABSTRACTRetaining wall is a structural building made of river stone, concrete, iron, and embankment which is designed to withstand lateral loads and is used as a barrier for steep land, the use of soil filter material in this study is used in underground drainage systems as one of the prevention efforts. the occurrence of land shifts in the higher embankment by separating soil particles carried by water in the process of draining rainwater from the higher embankment soil to the disposal area. Soil filtration media in this study used geotextile, fibers and jute. This research was conducted in two places at the Unis Soil Mechanics Laboratory and direct testing at the study site. After the research, the silt in the water filtered by geotextile was 4.653846% with a turbidity level of 130.4NTU, by burlap was 9.423077% with a turbidity value of 198.8NTU, and by ijuk was 11.15385% the turbidity value. 245.7NTU. However, the rate of deposition of silt in ground water filtered by fibers is greater with a value of 4.833mm/hour compared to burlap at 4083mm/hour and Geotextiles at 2,016mm/hour. From the results of the research that has been done, it can be concluded that the use of geotextile material compared to jute and fiber can increase the ability of groundwater filtration.Keywords: geotextile, palm fibers, burlap, filtration, sediment, turbid
ÜÇ RÖPORTAJDA ÂŞIK VEYSEL’İN LİSANINDAN HAYATI VE SANATI
Authors: ÖZLÜK Nuran
Published: August 2023

Türk edebiyatı tarihinde hakkında en çok çalışma yapılan saz şairlerinden biri Âşık Veysel Şatıroğlu’dur. Söz konusu çalışmalardan özellikle hayatına ve sanatına ait bilgilerin büyük bir kısmının temelini kendisi ile yapılan röportaj ve mülakatlar oluşturmaktadır. Bu görüşmelerden bazılarına daha çok müracaat edilirken bazıları rağbet görmemiştir. Hâlbuki görüşmelerde hem muhabirin izlenimi, yorumu hem Âşık Veysel’in hâli, tavrı ve cevaplarının direkt olarak aktarılması önemlidir. Ayrıca çeşitli görüşmelerde Âşık Veysel’in aynı soruya birbirinden farklı cevap verdiği düşünüldüğünde bütün görüşmelerin gözden geçirilmesinin gerekliliği de ortaya çıkmaktadır. Mezkûr sebeplerle bu çalışmada nadiren söz konusu edilen üç röportajı fotoğraflarıyla birlikte okuyucuların ve araştırmacıların dikkatlerine sunduk.
GELENEK VE GELECEK ARASINDA BİR KÖPRÜ: ÂŞIK VEYSEL
Authors: ARSLAN Mustafa
Published: August 2023

Sözlü kültürler toplumların yüzlerce yıllık deneyimlerinden süzülerek biçimlenen algı ve bilgilerini kuşaktan kuşağa aktararak günümüze ulaştıran iletişim faaliyetidir. İnsanların içten dışa doğru tavır alış biçimi olan bu iletişim faaliyeti aynı zamanda toplumsal tefekkürün belirli formlarla dışavurumudur. Âşık tarzı gelenek de Türk kültürü bütünlüğünde kültürel üretim ve aktarım bakımından önemli bir yere sahiptir. Bu geleneğin 20. yüzyıldaki ustalarından biri de Âşık Veysel’dir. Onun gerek bireysel hayat hikâyesi gerekse sosyal ve kültürel alanda yaşadıkları çok yönlü bir kimlik edinmesinde etkin olmuştur. Bugüne kadar Âşık Veysel hakkında pek çok çalışma yapılmış olmakla birlikte farklı bakış açılarından yaklaşarak onun farklı özelliklerini orta koymak da gereklidir. Çünkü Âşık Veysel kendi adıyla bütünleşerek yaygınlaşan ezgi düzeniyle düşünce ve bilgi birikimini birleştirdiği sanatsal ürünler vasıtasıyla geçmişle gelecek arasında bir köprü olmuş, farklı işlevleri yerine getirmiştir. Bu bağlamda makalede Âşık Veysel’in bilgeliği, uzman taşıyıcılığı, kültürel yaratıcılığı ve geleceği inşa etme özellikleri onun bütüncül kimliği üzerinden ele alınacak ve değerlendirilecektir.
BEDUHUN BAZI KÜLTÜRLERDEKİ YERİ VE KLASİK TÜRK ŞİİRİNDE KULLANIMINA DAİR ÖRNEKLER
Authors: ÇETİN Leyla Melis
Published: August 2023

Beduh karesinin ilk şekli, Çin kültüründe efsanevi bir şekilde ortaya çıkan ve “Lo Shu” olarak isimlendirilen, 2, 4, 6, 8; 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 sayılarının meydana getirdiği sihirli bir kare olarak görülmüştür. Lo Shu Çin kültüründe bir tılsım olarak kullanılmış ve kültür aktarımı sonucu farklı kültürlerde de farklı şekillerde yer almıştır. Hint ve Batı kültürlerinde de farklı isimlendirmelerle sihirli bir kare ve tılsım olarak görülmüş ve kullanılmıştır. Arap kültüründe ise “Beduh” ismiyle bir vefk olarak yer almıştır. Sayısal değerleri 2, 4, 6, 8 olan sihirli bir kare biçiminde resmedilen Beduh ifadesi mezkûr kültürlerde çeşitli bakış açısı ve farklı isimler ile ele alınmış ve çeşitli alanlarda bu kareden istifade edilmiştir. Kültürlerin etkileşimi sonucu Arapların etkisi ile birlikte Türk kültüründe de “Beduh” ismi ile yerini almıştır. Beduh ifadesi Eski Türk kültüründe yazılan mektupların ulaşması gereken yerlere güvenle ulaştırılabilmesi amacıyla mektupların çeşitli noktalarına sayısal değerleri ile birlikte yazılmış ve bazı amaçlar doğrultusunda hazırlanan vefklerde de söz konusu olmuştur. Bazı sözlüklerde koruma ile görevli bir melek olduğu veya Allah’ın bir ismi olduğu yönünde ifadeler yer almıştır. Yürüme, yürüyüş anlamıyla da ele alınan Beduh klasik Türk şiirinde şairin anlam ve ifade dünyasını etkilemiştir. Şair, beyitlerde âşığın sevgiliye olan muhabbetinden bahsederken Beduh ifadesinin bir tılsım olarak farklı yönlerine dikkat çekmiştir. Bu çalışmada Beduh ifadesinin Çin, Hint, Batı, Arap ve Türk kültürlerindeki yeri ile birlikte Klasik Türk şiirine olan yansımalarına dair örneklere yer verilmiştir.
KARACAOĞLAN VE YUNUS EMRE ŞİİRLERİN RENKLERİNDE KULLANIMI ÜZERİNE MUKAYESELİ BİR İNCELEME
Authors: KARACAR Umut
Published: August 2023

İnsanlar tarih boyunca renklerin ve bu renklerin taşıdığı anlamların üzerinde durmuşlardır. Renklere atfedilen anlam, askeri bir birliklerin bayraklarından günlük hayatta kullanılan kıyafetlere kadar toplumun birçok alanında etkisini göstermiştir. Renkler, sembolik ve duygusal bir dili temsil ederek, insanların ifade ve iletişim aracı olmuştur. Bu nedenle, renklerin önemi şiirlerde de büyük bir yer edinmiştir. İki ayrı ekolu temsil eden Karacaoğlan ve Yunus Emre gibi önemli şairlerin eserlerinde renklere olan ilgileri, renk kullanımları, benzerlikleri ve farklılıkları incelenerek, renklerin farklı konulardaki işlevi ve anlamı üzerine bir inceleme gerçekleştirilecektir. Şairlerin renkleri nasıl kullandıkları ve hangi anlamaları ile ilişkilendirdikleri üzerinde durulacaktır. Renkleri kullanımlarındaki benzerlikler ve farklılıklar tespit edilecektir. İki farklı ekolün temsilcileri olan şairlerin beslendikleri ortak bir kültürel arka plan olup olmadığı üzerinde bir değerlendirme gerçekleştirilecektir.
ÂŞIK VEYSEL’İN ŞATHİYESİNİN TASAVVUFÎ ŞİFRELERİ
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Cafer
Published: August 2023

Türk tasavvuf edebiyatı, kurucusu olduğu kabul edilen Ahmet Yesevi’den günümüze önemli şahsiyetler yetiştirmiştir. Bu şahsiyetler tasavvufî konuları geleceğe taşımak ve öğreticilik gibi amaçlarla çeşitli edebî türleri araç olarak kullanmışlardır. Şathiye bir şiir türü olarak derin tasavvufî konuları anlaşılmaz bir biçimde dile getiren, kimi zaman yaratıcı-yaratan sınırlarının aşıldığı, hem zahiri hem mana derinliği taşıyan eserlerdir. İlahi bir vecd halinin tezahürü olduğu da dile getirilmiştir. Bu nedenle onların anlaşılması için tasavvufî konulara hâkim, zahiri ve ledün ilmine sahip mutasavvıfların şerhlerine ihtiyaç duyulmuştur. Bu çalışmada Alevi-Bektaşi edebiyatı ve Âşık edebiyatının 20. yüzyıldaki en önemli temsilcilerinden biri kabul edilen Âşık Veysel’in şathiyesi söz konusu edilmiştir. Dokuz dörtlükten meydana gelen bu şathiye tasavvuf edebiyatındaki şathiye geleneğinin hem sanat hem de içerik yönünden başarılı bir örneğini teşkil etmektedir. Şathiyyat-ı sûfîyâne olarak adlandırılabilecek bu eser, derin tasavvufi konuların Âşık Veysel’in bakışından değerlendirilmesini ve anlamlandırılmasını içermektedir. Âşık Veysel kimi zaman şatahata varıp bir kul olarak söylemlerinde sınırları aşmış olsa da şiirin genelinde tasavvufî kavramları ikrar eden bir bakış açısına sahiptir. Şiirde vahdet ve tevhit inancı, nurun tecellisi, Allah’ın çeşitli vasıfları, sırlar âlemi, yaratılış ve dünyevî hayatın başlaması, vahdet-i vücut, imtihan ve kader gibi önemli konulara değinilmiştir. Bu tasavvufî terimlere vâkıf olduğunu ispatlayan Âşık Veysel, aklın tasavvufî mevzuları anlamakta zorlanacağını, bu nedenle az konuşulması gerektiğini, gerçek sır sahibinin Allah olduğunu söyleyerek şathiyesini tamamlamaktadır. Bu tarz şiirler okuyanın düşünmesini ve bazı dinî-tasavvufî kavramları öğrenmesini zorunlu kılmaktadır.