bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERSPECTIVA DO “NÓS” HEGELIANO NA CRÍTICA DE MARX À ECONOMIA POLÍTICA
Authors: De Lima Thiago , Pereira dos Santos Neto Murilo
Published: December 2021

O fio condutor deste trabalho serão os pontos comuns contidos dentro da Fenomenologia do Espírito, de Hegel, e da juventude Ã  maturidade das obras de Marx. Basicamente, procuraremos abordar a influência da perspectiva do “Nós” hegeliano contido na Fenomenologia do Espírito no projeto de crítica aos pressupostos da economia política empreendida por Marx, e como o aspecto da mediação sócio histórica proposta por Hegel determina os marcos do projeto filosófico marxiano.Â
DIALÉTICA EM TEMPOS SOMBRIOS
Authors: Dos Santos Tórma Alan David
Published: December 2021

Este artigo é resultado da monografiaÂ Flertando com o Inefável: Dialética e Linguagem em Adorno, e tem por interesse uma abordagem geral acerca das decorrênciasÂ das crises mundiais das formas capitalistas de vida em que estamos. Veremos, então, (1) a incapacidade de dizer aquilo que ultrapassa de modo absurdo a experiência conceitual e, portanto, a crítica que se encontra diante de um horizonte fechado a qualquer noção de emancipação e revolução que sejam comuns aos trabalhadores. Essa incapacidade atual obriga a crítica a se reorganizar (2) para dar conta da calamidade e da catástrofe incitada pelo ódio das velhas classes dominantes; pela violência da personalidade autoritária que não consegue lidar com a perda do poder, controle e domínio total - ambas geradas pelas condições históricas e materiais da modernidade.
PANORAMA DA TEORIA POLÍTICA CONTEMPORÂNEA
Authors: Villela Jorge Antonio
Published: December 2021

A definição do pensamento liberal, surgida século XVII, é um conjunto está de princípios e teorias políticas, cujo ponto principal é a defesa da liberdade política e econômica, embora, o livre uso por cada indivíduo de sua propriedade, omite o fato desde a sua origem, nem todos são proprietários de terras e os trabalhadores têm apenas a sua força de trabalho. Nessa sociedade como na atual, nem todos são iguais e nem os bens são comum a todos. Nesse contexto os casamentos foram sobretudo estratégias políticas e econômicas, visando interesses próprios, a liberdadeÂ  e o exercício da vontade eram tidos como ameaças Ã s “bases” familiares. Embora desde Platão, chegando a Comte, houvesse o incentivo para que os indivíduos cultivassem o que havia de melhor em si, a imperfeição do “eu” era contida pelo autocontrole, quem era contrário Ã s leis era considerado um pária. Na contracultura apareceram filósofos como Nietszche que denunciavam a antropometria da escravização humana, lutando pelo direito Ã  liberdade. Assim nas últimas décadas do século XX, os indivíduos conquistam seus espaços diante de valores estanques, tais como o feminismo; a tolerância religiosa;Â  o divórcio; o homossexualismo entre outros.
FIM DA ARTE NA PÓS-MODERNIDADE
Authors: Samel Cortês Fernandes Cecília
Published: December 2021

O presente trabalho pretende esclarecer o conceito do fim da arte e investigar o estatuto da arte na pós modernidade a partir da abordagem das obras dos autores Theodor Adorno, Arthur Danto e Fredric Jameson. Inicialmente é feita uma introdução ao conceito de fim da arte na modernidade clássica a partir de Hegel, primeiro a enunciar o fim da arte. Em seguida, a análise passa para a modernidade crítica com Adorno e sua indústria cultural, que tem um papel fundamental na desartificação da arte. Finalmente, Danto anuncia sua versão do fim da arte na pós-modernidade, caracterizada pelo fim da narrativa da história da arte. Jameson será evocado para a definição de pós-modernidade e pós modernismo, influenciados pela nova lógica cultural do capitalismo tardio. Isso permite uma análise do contexto para se discutir o estatuto da arte. A partir desses autores, será possível compreender esse conceito polêmico e observar a situação atual da arte na pós-modernidade.
TEETETO 201c-202d
Authors: Farias de Oliveira Mariane
Published: December 2021

Este artigo não visa esgotar o tema da perceptibilidade em Platão, nem ao menos dar conta de todas as interpretações para o pequeno recorte de texto que avalia, a saber: 201c e 202d. O artigo permite vislumbrar duas linhas de interpretação, a de Borges e a Sedley, bem como ter o esboço de uma possível resposta Ã  seguinte questão: como a condição de perceptibilidade dos prima stoicheia pode ser harmonizada com as demais condições na teoria do sonho?
SOBRE OS MODOS DE RESIGNAÇÃO MOMENTÃ‚NEA DA VONTADE, SEGUNDO SCHOPENHAUER
Authors: Damasceno Diego Carlos
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo elucidar a filosofia de Arthur Schopenhauer em seu aspecto mais desconhecido: os modos como o homem pode lidar com a vontade, diminuindo seu sofrimento. Deste modo, ocorre uma abordagem do seu pessimismo que, ao mesmo tempo, incorre em uma filosofia da vida, pois há uma explanação sobre a origem da vida em seu devir e ciclo natural. Esse pessimismo aliado a uma filosofia da vida torna sua filosofia um tanto existencial, visto que o autor versa sobre os sofrimentos da existência e como diminuí-los neste mundo de desejos violentos. Por fim, este artigo visa abordar como a vida asceta é, também, fundamental a uma anulação da vontade e do sofrimento de ser incompleto.
ABSURDO E REVOLTA EM AUTO DA COMPADECIDA
Authors: Gomide Xavier Alexandre
Published: December 2021

Um dos alicerces para nossa existência é a arte que produzimos, ela parece nos transportar e a nos revelar dimensões da nossa condição existencial. Sem a arte seria difícil nos descobrir ou representar a subjetividade que emana do nosso modo de ser e que em dado momento torna-se inefável através de métodos convencionais de explicação ou pelo saber científico. Albert Camus, filósofo do século XX, produz uma filosofia que está comprometida com o valor da vida e numa antropologia que suscita dimensões do ser humano diante o mundo. Nos seus escritos é exposto como a arte, principalmente a literatura, tem uma importância para este descobrimento de nossas dimensões e, também, numa proposta capaz de encaminhar um propósito de vida. A arte aparece como um guia para mostrar condições de autenticidade de criação. O objetivo desta dissertação é explanar a filosofia de Camus e buscar em Auto da compadecida, de Ariano Suassuna, uma interpretação e uma melhor concepção de revolta e absurdo, ou seja, trataremos de busca na arte as dimensões do homem descritas por Camus. Primeiramente é necessário que entendamos bem os conceitos.
SOBRE FAZERES E SABERES FRONTEIRIÇOS
Authors: Oliveira Marcos de Jesus
Published: December 2021

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo refletir sobre as alternativas epistemológicas abertas por Frantz Fanon e por Gloria Anzaldúa, destacando os elementos de suas obras desde os quais se entreveem, no entrecruzamento entre corpus e corpo, saberes e fazeres fronteiriços cuja força desloca compreensões correntes sobre os lugares de enunciação, sobre a filosofia da consciência e da representação. Conforme se argumentará, a indissociabilidade entre corpus e corpo, fundamental a uma epistemologia de fronteira, representa um gesto de recusa Ã  racialização de si operada pelos mecanismos de poder colonial, inaugurando um percurso teórico no qual a marca ontológica de inferiorização é um dos elementos centrais de uma crítica contundente aos saberes/poderes constituídos.
L'INVENTION ESTHÉTIQUE (1938)
Authors: Andrade Leite de Moura Bianca , Chaia Jade Oliveira , Randal E Zitti Sèdjro Crédo
Published: December 2021

O Grupo de Tradução do departamento de filosofia da UnB se propõe de traduzir regularmente obras da filosofia francesa que são inéditas em Português. Qualquer um pode se juntar ao grupo para participar, tendo o mínimo de conhecimento da língua francesa, mesmo que seja de outro departamento ou de outra cidade. Efetivamente, o trabalho de tradução é feito de maneira colaborativa sobre a plataforma digital TraduXio, que é baseada no Web (http://traduxio.hypertopic.org). Noves tradutores são bem vindos.
Dossier Presentation
Authors: Leclerc André , Boccaccini Federico
Published: December 2021

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You Are Here: Pain and its Location
Authors: Gozzano Simone
Published: December 2021

When we consider bodily pain, it seems we are uniquely in the realm of the first person only, with no space for a second person. In this paper, I shall argue that it is in the interplay between the first and second persons, the social dimension of language, that our use of locative spatial terms inherits its rules and constraints. This interplay, in a form of triangulation proposed by Davidson, could provide us with a viable solution to the problem of the location of bodily pain. The solution lies in adopting representationalism while recognizing the limits of the representational system.
Preocupações Epistêmicas na Perspectiva de Segunda-Pessoa para a Responsabilidade Moral
Authors: Marques Beatriz Sorrentino
Published: December 2021

As condições para a que um agente seja moralmente responsável por sua ação suscitam preocupações epistêmicas, como, por exemplo, se o agente precisa saber o que faz e se ele precisa saber o significado moral do que faz para ser responsável. Veremos que essas preocupações epistêmicas estão presentes em teorias com enfoque na perspectiva de segunda-pessoa. A preocupação com se o agente sabe o que faz é menos controversa, já a preocupação com se ele sabe o significado moral da ação veremos que gera respostas diferentes, de acordo com cada teoria. Além disso, é importante examinar se alguma preocupação epistêmica constitui uma condição independente de outras condições sobre a produção da ação para ser moralmente responsável, ou se as preocupações epistêmicas já são endereçadas pelas condições sobre a produção da ação. A independência é defendida por Mele, com quem concordamos a esse respeito.
Perspectivas de Segunda Pessoa na Era de Tecnologias de Informação
Authors: Broens Mariana C. , Gonzalez Maria Eunice Q.
Published: December 2021

O objetivo central do presente artigo é analisar as relações de alteridade no contexto das tecnologias da informação e comunicação (TIC), partindo da perspectiva de segunda pessoa e ressaltando como as relações diretas de alteridade estão sendo significativamente alteradas pelo uso de TIC. Analisamos inicialmente teses centrais da perspectiva de segunda pessoa, problematizando críticas que tal perspectiva dirige à teoria da percepção direta. Introduzimos o conceito de \textit{affordances} sociais e tecnológicas, visando clarificar o papel que elas desempenham nas relações de alteridade em sociedades informatizadas. Argumentamos que apesar de ganhos propiciados pelo uso de TIC na comunicação humana, uma de suas consequências indesejáveis nas interações sociais é confundir a experiência da alteridade na realidade ecológica com a da dita “realidade” virtual. Buscaremos apontar consequências pragmáticas da duplicação da experiência no contexto da “realidade” virtual, ressaltando seu possível impacto em hábitos sociais estruturadores das relações de alteridade.
La Comprensión y el Involucramiento con el Arte desde la Perspectiva de la Segunda Persona
Authors: Pérez Diana I.
Published: December 2021

El trabajo muestra que la perspectiva de segunda persona de la atribución mental (Pérez 2013 y Pérez y Gomila 2021) puede contribuir a iluminar nuestra comprensión e involucramiento con el arte. Una forma canónica de comprender nuestro involucramiento con el arte pone el foco en la noción de empatía, que también suele ser considerada una noción central para dar cuenta de nuestro acceso a las otras mentes. En la primera parte del trabajo hago un breve repaso de esta noción y la conecto con trabajos recientes en el ámbito de la filosofía del arte en los que se adopta una teoría simulacionista de nuestra comprensión de las mentes y de la experiencia estética. En segundo lugar, muestro las limitaciones que estas nociones (empatía y simulación) tienen para dar cuenta de nuestra comprensión e involucramiento tanto con los demás seres humanos como con el arte y expongo brevemente los lineamientos centrales de la perspectiva de segunda persona de la atribución psicológica. Finalmente, muestro por qué la perspectiva de segunda persona es más adecuada para dar cuenta de las múltiples y multifacéticas experiencias que surgen con el arte y las actividades artísticas.
STANDARDIZATION OF PROCESSES TO REDUCE TRANSACTION COSTS
Authors: Staruhin Vitaliy
Published: December 2021

Improving the efficiency of the company's activities by standardizing business processes helps to free up financial, labor and other resources necessary for business. The article formulates the goals of creating standardized business processes and the users of these standards. The types of transaction costs that can be reduced by standardizing the work performed are structured. The article presents the advantages of using standardization of business processes to reduce transaction costs, provides recommendations on the stages of standardization of business processes in order to reduce transaction costs
BANKS OF RUSSIA DURING PANDEMIC PERIOD
Authors: Shumilina Vera , Minin Roman , Safronov Evgeny
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to a research analysis of the current patterns of development of Russian banks during a pandemic. Banks play a significant role in the Russian economy. This paper studies the banking system as part of the economy in a pandemic. The main problems faced by banks in the context of a pandemic are identified, and ways to solve them are indicated. It is concluded what changes have taken place not only in the country's economy as a whole, but also in the activities of the banks of the Russian Federation
On the Prescription Translation of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Authors: Le Xiong
Published: December 2021

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is an essential legacy of Chinese culture, which makes a great contribution to China and the world's medical fields. To make it accepted by more people from different countries, the translation of TCM becomes important. As an important branch of TCM, the study of prescription promotes the development of TCM, and its translation is also significant. However, there are various problems in TCM prescription translation and there are few standards in TCM translation. Thus, this research uses Christiane Nord's "Functionality plus Loyalty" Translation Theory to analyze the TCM prescription translation. Based on characteristics of prescription formation, the paper applies Christiane Nord's "Functionality plus Loyalty" theory to TCM prescription translation. It draws a conclusion that TCM prescription translation can be done according to "Functionality plus Loyalty" theory, and there are three ways of prescription names translation. They are literal translation, free translation and transliteration.
Portuguese and Chinese Translation Teaching Based on Learners’ Interests
Authors: Wenqiang Song
Published: December 2021

The report of the 19th National Congress of the Party proposes to “accelerate the construction of first-class universities and first-class disciplines, and realize the connotative development of higher education.” In the Declaration on the Construction of New Liberal Arts, it is mentioned that “we should insist on student-centeredness, output orientation and continuous improvement, build a quality assurance system for liberal arts education with Chinese characteristics, and construct a quality culture with liberal arts characteristics.” In this context, undergraduate education in higher education institutions should further explore the integration of traditional teaching modes with modern technological means, and make use of high-tech means such as Internet+MOOC platform, flipped classroom and pair-sharing classroom to improve and innovate undergraduate teaching modes. This paper mainly tends to explore the translation teaching of Portuguese language majors in our college, which is not extensive but has certain significance.
Current Situation of International Education for International Students in China
Authors: Bin Yan , Aminu Umar Faruk , Jimoh Jamiu
Published: December 2021

Over the past decades, China has become the education hub for many international students due to its internalization policies, education standards, economic advantage and the technological advancement. However, due to the impact of COVID-19 pandemic which also affected the educational sector, the closure of boarder necessitated the transition from in-person teaching to virtual teaching for international students unable to come to China due to restrictions. This paper focuses first on the concept of internationalization, internationalization mechanism of China and the management model of international students and second on the current situation of international students within and without China. The source of the data for this study consists of previous literature and survey data collected using an online questionnaire. The findings of this study reveal that international students experienced minor difficulties in transitioning and adapting to online classes, although the level of satisfaction of the students is low. Based on the findings of the study it can be concluded that the Chinese internationalization agenda and corporations can be further enhanced by establishing online programs for international students, which will require rigorous adjustment of the curriculum to accommodate more people around the globe among other considerations.
An Exploration into the Application Value of Critical Thinking in Higher Education from the Perspective of Big Data
Authors: Zhenhua Zhou , Xiaoxia Yang
Published: December 2021

Starting from the characteristics of big data, the cognition and thinking of contemporary college students have shown new features. Therefore, it is necessary to use the technical means of big data to formulate thinking under big data, combined with critical thinking. By doing so, students can finally nurture a correct attitude and better morality and even complete the fundamental task of higher education.
Exploration on the Construction of Online and Offline Blending Teaching Mode in the Introduction to Earth Science
Authors: Xiehui Li
Published: December 2021

The course “Introduction to earth science” is a basic general course integrating science and interest run by the School of Atmospheric Sciences in Chengdu University of Information Technology. It is also a public elective course for the cultivation of college students' scientific quality. With the development of Internet plus education and the promotion of information technology, the paper combines the traditional offline teaching mode with the online teaching mode adopted during the spring semester in 2020 because of the COVID-19, giving full play to the advantages of the two teaching modes. According to the school's teaching environment and teaching objectives, the online and offline blending teaching mode is constructed by introducing the recording of course video + MOOC + SPOC+ online resources of high-quality open courses + Flipped Classroom+ Rain Classroom + QQ group + WeChat + Tencent meeting, in order to improve the comprehensive teaching performance, and provide an important reference for the educational reform of similar courses in the post epidemic era.
Research on the Impact of Consumers’ Purchasing Decision in E-commerce Live-steaming——Based on Cognitive and Perceptive Perspective
Authors: Qianran Xu , Jiazhen Wu , Menglang Yang , Hong Zhu
Published: December 2021

In the live-streaming area, high-tech social media has transformed our interactions and social activities through a brand new marketing approach. The research identifies the underlying drivers of purchasing decision from cognitive and perceptive perspective, and confirms the decision-making mechanism from individual view. Our study is based on S-O-R Theory, Social Presence Theory and Technology Acceptance Model, and we add Perceived Trust. A scale of 24 items which reflecting 6 construct was set up. Then a pre-test was designed to test the validity of scale and a formal experience was conducted to 311 customers. Data are analyzed applying the structural equation modelling (SEM) technique with SPSS and Amos. The results indicate that cognition and perception both positively influence Perceived Ease of Use. But only cognition can significantly affect Perceived Use, necessitating expertise of anchors and dissemination of high quality content. Besides, the affecting path of PU, PEOU and PT was verified, providing guidance for platform designing, anchor training and product selecting.
Inaccuracy within Online Journalism in Indonesia
Authors: Emeraldien Fikry Zahria , Sugihartati Rahma , Rahayu Titik Puji
Published: December 2021

Many scholars have conducted studies on the accuracy of the news media, such as newspaper, television, and magazine, but not online media. In fact, online media is a significant news media in the moment, especially in Indonesia. Online press companies are even the largest press companies in Indonesia compared to newspapers, radio, and television. Therefore, this study is conducted to measure the inaccuracies that occur in news in online news media. Researchers examined 63 online journalistic media that have been administratively and factually verified by the ‘Dewan Pers’ (Press Council). It uses a content analysis method by coding the headlines in Indonesian online journalistic media. This study finds online mass media categories based on the theme segmentation, namely: 1) general, 2) economics, technology, and business, 3) sports, 4) politics, law, and crime, 5) lifestyle and entertainment, and 6) regional. The results of this study indicate that the inaccuracy of news in Indonesian online media is high. Media with economics, technology, and business most often make grammatical errors. This study also finds that speed does not only has an impact on grammatical inaccuracies, but also on unbalanced news reporting, where the imbalance in Indonesian online media news itself is very high.
МЕДИЧНЕ ЦИТУВАННЯ: ПУТІВНИК NLM ДЛЯ АВТОРІВ, РЕДАКТОРІВ І ВИДАВЦІВ
Authors: Of journal "Morphologia" Editorial office
Published: December 2021

К. Петріас (автор), Д. Вендлінг (редактор)Джерело: Patrias K, author; Wendling D, editor. Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers [Internet]. 2nd edition. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); 2007-. Bookshelf ID: NBK7282Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7256
Characteristics of bodily injuries of the pelvic girdle and lower extremities in car trauma
Authors: Sokol V. K.
Published: December 2021

Background. Fractures of the pelvic girdle and lower extremities as a result of a road traffic accident are the most frequent localization of injuries in victims, however, the structure of pedestrian and intra-salon injuries has not been sufficiently studied. Objective - to study the nature of injuries in victims of a car injury to the pelvic girdle and lower extremities. Methods. Research material - 170 acts of primary forensic medical examinations of victims with fractures of the pelvic bones and long bones of the lower extremities, received as a result of a non-lethal automobile injury. An expert assessment of the nature of bodily injuries was carried out at the Kharkiv Regional Bureau of Forensic Medicine (KRBSFM) within a period of no more than 1 month after injury. Acts of primary forensic medical examinations were selected at random for the period February - June 2018. Research methods - retrospective analysis, descriptive statistics. Results. Among the injured as a result of a car injury - 129 (75.9%) pedestrians, 23 (13.5%) drivers, 14 (8.2%) front seat passengers and 4 (2.4%) rear seat passengers. Thus, pedestrians and car drivers are the most vulnerable to road traffic injuries; the most protected rear seat passengers. Men predominated among the drivers; in the remaining groups of victims, the gender distribution was generally even. Among the participants in the accident were mainly people of working age. Injuries to the chest (26.5%), head (25.9%), abdomen (16.5%) prevailed among the associated injuries. Conclusion. A distinctive feature of injuries sustained as a result of a collision of a pedestrian or a car with another car with a relatively low speed of movement was an isolated injury to the bones of the pelvic girdle or lower extremities, both during pedestrian and intra-salon trauma. All the victims had injuries of the integumentary system of various localization in the form of subcutaneous hematomas and abrasions (158; 92.9%), bruised lacerations (96; 56.5%), stamp injuries (62; 36.5%). The main mechanism of pedestrian injury is the direct impact of the traumatic force with the formation of primary injuries in the form of bumper fractures of the shin bones (35.9%), hip (22.4%) and pelvis (10%).
Features of morphological changes of the uterus after the death prescription
Authors: Grygorian E. K. , Myroshnychenko M. S.
Published: December 2021

Background. Assessing the postmortem interval (PMI) is one of the most problematic issues in judicial practice. Objective. To investigate the morphological changes of uterus tissues to determine the PMI-dependent features of postmortem changes development. Methods. A morphological analysis of 40 uterus tissue samples was performed; consisting of two groups: first group – samples from the corpses of women aged 23 to 70 years (n = 34), second group – comparison group – biopsy material from 6 women with uterine prolapse, uterine leiomyoma, from unaffected areas. Results. In the period from 24 to 48 hours after death, there were changes in the form of a slight change in the structure of cellular elements, changes in their color, the presence of light gaps between connective tissue and muscle fibers. In the period from 48 to 72 hours, the destruction of the border between the muscular and serous membranes, blurred contours and ruptures of cells, severe swelling of muscle fibers, wide gaps between muscle fibers, a significant decrease in fibroblastic cells were observed. In addition, there was no endothelium in a significant number of vessels, loss of clarity of fiber bundles, lack of nuclei in a significant number of myocytes. Desquamed endothelial cells and hemolyzed erythrocytes were seen in the openings of most vessels. Conclusion. Histological examination of uterine tissues showed the presence of specific changes during the studied time intervals after death, which can be used to introduce criteria to determine the time since death in practice.
Morphological characteristic of premature infants’s kidneys with opened Ductus Arteriosis (by the autopsy).
Authors: Borysova T.P. , Tverdokhlib I.V. , Obolonska O.Yu. , Korolenko A.S , Diahovets K.I. , Surkov D.M. , Usenko T.V.
Published: December 2021

Background. Kidney has protracted nephrogenesis and depend on hemodynamic changes on the highest level in support of natural transition to extrauterine circulation. Fetal communications like Ductus Arteriosus take part in the shunting from the aorta to the pulmonary artery. Increase of this shunting of the blood leads to hyperperfusion with hypoxic changes of some development systems of organs with protracted morphogenesis so like kidneys. Objective. To determine the features of postnatal morphogenesis of the kidneys in premature infants with a gestational age of 25 to 35 weeks on the background of an open ductus arteriosus. Methods. 21 autopsy material premature infant’s kidney which were fixed by 10%-formalin and then were subjected to the standard histological procedures. Slides were stained by hematoxylin and eosin. We used the complex of histological and morphometric methods. There were created 3-demenshional models of kidney’s fragments. We carried out biometrical and statistical analysis. Results. During our research it was determines that the changes of the volume of the functional parenchyma of the kidney and the diameter of the Ductus Arteriosus became in inverse relationship. The wider the duct the smaller the volume of the functional parenchyma because of atrophic and necrotic changes during the late stages of glomerulo- and tubulogenesis. These changes could be distinguished by the quantitative density of development on three germinate layers of the cortex of kidney. Сonclusion. Summing up, it determined the retardation of glomerulogenesis particularly superficial area of the cortex because of the opened Ductus Arteriosus.
Dynamics of morphological manifestations of the experimental acute aspiration bronchopneumonia development.
Authors: Zyablitsev S.V. , Penskyy P.Yu. , Litvinets M.L. , Kovalova A.V. , Salamaha A.A.
Published: December 2021

Background. Currently, there is a need to create an experimental model for reproducing the main pathogenetic mechanisms of COVID-associated lungs damage. The first stage of such a model may be reproducing acute aspiration bronchopneumonia in rats. Objective. Examine the dynamics of morphological changes in the lungs in the development of experimental acute aspiration bronchopneumonia. Methods. The group of laboratory Wistar rats (n=25) in compliance with bioethical norms under typoental anesthesia was carried out operational intervention with the introduction of a sterile capron thread 2.5 cm long and a thickness of 0.2 mm to a depth of 2.5 cm. In the control group included 5 false-controlled animals. At 7, 14, 21, 28 and 56 days, the animals were derived from the experiment, morphological studies were carried out with the painting serial sections with hematoxylin-eosin. Results. On the 7 day, the morphological picture testified to the development of the acute stage of exudative inflammation with the full-blood of vessels, microtrombosis, dyslectasis, hyperplasia of alveolocytes II type. After 14 days, the proliferative stage was formed with alveolocytes hyperplasia, the epithelium of bronchi, as well as fibroblasts with the formation of sharp peribronchial and alveolar abscesses. After 21 days, the development of the lungs fibrosis with the organization of acute peribronchial and alveolar abscesses was noted, peribronchial and intraalveoli pronounced interstitial edema and the reactive hyperplasia of lymphoid follicles of a mixed nature. After 28 days, bronchopneumonia was organized in the form of fibrosis parenchyma, sections of chronic productive inflammation with the formation of resorbative granuloms; sections of the blood vessels hyalinose. For 56 days, these phenomena were progressed before the development of dense fibrosis (carnification) with sections of chronic abscesses with a formed by a connective tissue capsule, the development of vascular hyalinose. Conclusion. Thus, the model of acute aspiration bronchopneumonia reproduces the dynamics of morphological manifestations of acute lung damage, which is the basis for the development of pathogenetic therapy fields.
Pancreatic stellate cells: the top managers of the pancreatic tumor microenvironment.
Authors: Stanishevska N.V.
Published: December 2021

Background Stellate pancreatocytes, being cells - producers of stromal components, actively interact with cancer cells, determine the formation of a stromal barrier between the latter and thereby provide tumor chemoresistance. Objective The review is devoted to the analysis of recent data on the role of stellate pancreatocytes in the formation of the stromal microenvironment of pancreatic tumors, molecular mechanisms through which the regulation and realization of stellate cell functions is carried out. Methods Data processing was carried out by the method of complex material analysis. Results. Stellate pancreatocytes (PSC) exhibit phenotypically and functionally two states: inactive and active. PSC activation is carried out by cells of the developing tumor through a variety of molecular mediators. Activation triggers for PSC are Yes-associated protein, TGF-β1, miRNA let-7d, IL-8, MCP1, TGF-β2, IGFBP2, and others. 10 actively expressed genes were identified: TP53, SRC, IL6, JUN, ISG15, CAD, STAT1, OAS3, OAS1, VIM during co-cultivation of a cancer cell line (PCC) with PSC. PSC deactivation is associated with speckle-type mediator POZ (SPOP) acting through nuclear factor-kappaB, transretinoic acid (ATRA). Exhibiting their activity, PSCs express several stem cell markers, α-SMA (α-actin of smooth muscle cells), vimentin, α ITGA 11 (collagen type I receptor), α5 integrin receptor ITGA5 (fibronectin receptor), hyaluronic acid, hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2), hyaluronidase 1 (HYAL1), BAG3 , matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2), Nodal protein, miR-1246 and miR-1290, miR-210, CCN2 (connective tissue growth factor), TRPV1, SP and CGRP (Calcitonin gene-related peptide) and many other factors. Сonclusion. Stellate pancreatocytes, being producers of the interacinar stroma, are activated by various factors (TNF-α, IL-6, MCP-1, ATP, and HMGB1, etc.), including factors produced by tumor cells of the pancreas, and act as regulators of proliferation, migration, and suppression apoptosis of the latter. An increase in the expression of α ITGA 11 (type I collagen receptor), α5 integrin receptor ITGA5 (fibronectin receptor), metallopeptidases, Nodal protein, miR-1246, miR-1290, and miR-210 is observed in tumor tissue, that indicates the activation of these cells. The maintenance of the active state of PSC is provided by tumor cells, for which stellate pancreatocytes are partners in the progression of the neoplastic process. Further study of the mechanisms of interaction in the PSC-tumor cell system creates the prospect of revealing levers of influence on the pathogenesis of pancreatic tumors.
Histology and Cell Biology: An Introduction to Pathology 5th Edition 2020
Authors: Laura Tres M.D. Ph.D. Abraham L Kierszenbaum M.D. Ph.D.,
Published: December 2021

Linking basic science to clinical application throughout, Histology and Cell Biology: An Introduction to Pathology, 5th Edition, helps students build a stronger clinical knowledge base in the challenging area of pathologic abnormalities. This award-winning text presents key concepts in an understandable, easy-to-understand manner, with full-color illustrations, diagrams, photomicrographs, and pathology photos fully integrated on every page. Student-friendly features such as highlighted clinical terms, Clinical Conditions boxes, Essential Concepts boxes, concept mapping animations, and more help readers quickly grasp complex information.

Features new content on cancer immunotherapy, satellite cells and muscle repair, vasculogenesis and angiogenesis in relation to cancer treatment, and mitochondria replacement therapies.

Presents new material on ciliogenesis, microtubule assembly and disassembly, chromatin structure and condensation, and X chromosome inactivation, which directly impact therapy for ciliopathies, infertility, cancer, and Alzheimer’s disease.

Provides thoroughly updated information on gestational trophoblastic diseases, molecular aspects of breast cancer, and basic immunology, including new illustrations on the structure of the T-cell receptor, CD4+ cells subtypes and functions, and the structure of the human spleen.

Uses a new, light green background throughout the text to identify essential concepts of histology – a feature requested by both students and instructors to quickly locate which concepts are most important for beginning learners or when time is limited. These essential concepts are followed by more detailed information on cell biology and pathology.

Contains new Primers in most chapters that provide a practical, self-contained integration of histology, cell biology, and pathology – perfect for clarifying the relationship between basic and clinical sciences.

Identifies clinical terms throughout the text and lists all clinical boxes in the table of contents for quick reference.

Helps students understand the links between chapter concepts with concept mapping animations on Student Consult™ – an outstanding supplement to in-class instruction.

Student Consult™ eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.
Statistical characteristics of the components of coagulation hemostasis and the degree of oxygenation of rat blood in the normal and at different times of the experimental opioid effect
Authors: Paltov Ye.V. , Masna Z.Z. , Fik V.B. , Chelpanova I.V. , Ambarova N.O.
Published: December 2021

Background. The problem of non-drug use of opioid drugs occupies a significant place among the current problems of world medicine. Objective. Тo study the hematological parameters of coagulation hemostasis in the norm and the dynamics of their changes at different times of opioid exposure. Methods. The experimental study was performed on sexually mature, outbred male rats in the number of 80 animals, weighing 160-270 g, aged 4.5-7.5 months. Animals were injected intramuscularly with “Nalbuphine” once daily for one day (10-11 hours in the morning) for 98 days. The initial dose of nalbuphine during the first 2 weeks was 0.212 mg / kg, the next 2 (II - IV weeks) - 0.225 mg / kg, the next (IV - VI weeks) - 0.252 mg / kg, the next (VI - VIII weeks) ) - 0.260 mg / kg, the next (VIII - X weeks) - 0.283 mg / kg, the next (X - XII weeks) - 0.3 mg / kg, and during (XII - XIV weeks) - 0.454 mg / kg. Thus, the conditions for chronic opioid exposure were created. Animals are divided into 3 groups. The 1-st group of animals received Nalbuphine for 98 days, with subsequent collection of material (end of 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, 8 weeks, 10 weeks, 12 weeks and 14 weeks of experimental opioid exposure); The 2-d was the control group, which for 98 days received injections of saline intramuscularly in one period of time (10 - 11 o'clock in the morning). Blood sampling and study of hematological parameters of blood (platelet count, prothrombin time, prothrombin index, time of recalcification of stabilized blood, total fibrinogen, determination of hemoglobin, hematocrit) were performed according to conventional methods. Software R v 4.0.3 and RStudio v 1.2.5042 were used for statistical calculations and graphing. MSOffice Excel 2010 spreadsheets were used to generate the final tables and store the data. Results. The key to the dynamics of changes in the blood parameters of experimental animals was week 6 of the experiment, as most indicators had the highest dynamics up to 6 weeks including further indicators of stability, which was higher (fibrinogen and prothrombin index) or less (prothrombin time, recalcification time and hemoglobin) indicators of the control group. The blood hematocrit of the experimental animals decreased evenly at all study terms to a minimum value at 14 week, and the number of platelets evenly all times increased to a maximum value at the last term of the experiment. This trend in all indicators was confirmed statistically. Conclusion. Our research has made it possible to study first and then observe the dynamics of changes in coagulation hemostasis and the degree of oxygenation of blood in acute, subchronic and chronic periods of experimental opioid exposure with subsequent statistical comparison.
Dynamics of the mandible bone tissue condition after the dental implantation and shockwave therapy
Authors: Chelpanova I.V. , Masna-Chala O.Z. , Yashchenko A.M. , Masna Z.Z. , Rudnytska Kh.I.
Published: December 2021

Background. The problem of restoration the integrity of the dentition after tooth loss remains one of the most problematic dental issues. Мodern dental technologies open a promising direction in its solution, in particular - the method of dental implantation. Objective. The aim of our work was to study the changes that occur in the bone tissue of the mandible after implantation of titanium foam and to determine the effect of shock wave therapy (SWT) on its structure restoration. Methods. The study was performed on 15 adult rabbits aged 6-7 months, weighing 2.5-3 kg. The animals from the experimental groups were implanted with titanium pin, 3 mm long. The pin was implanted under combined anesthesia bilaterally into the body of the mandible. One day after the operation, the animals received SWT 500 pulses with a frequency of 5 Hz and a maximum pressure at the wavefront of 1.2 Bar per implantation site using the device Storz Medical Master Plus MP 100. The animals were removed from the experiment on 15-th day, after which the mandible was disarticulated and radiographically performed. The obtained results were statistically significant. The differences at p<0.05 were considered significant. Results. The results showed that the bone tissue of the jaws during implantation undergoes traumatic injury, the results of which, two weeks after surgery on radiographs we can clearly see a violation of the bone tissue structure and a significant increase in its density. Using the SWT method, we obtained a positive dynamics of bone density after titanium pin implantation and slight Rh-changes in bone structure compared with normal. Conclusion. Аfter implantation with titanium pin the bone density of the rabbit lower jaw body is significantly reduced, X-ray shows the heterogeneity of bone structure, areas of sclerosis are expressed. Shock wave therapy helps to restore the quality of bone tissue, this is confirmed by the fact that the density indicators are close to the norm and X-ray shows some separate small areas of restructuring of bone tissue heterogeneity, mainly due to merging the pattern of the bone trabeculae of the bone cancellous part.
Peculiarities of online training in the discipline of “Clinical anatomy and operative surgery” for the students of Ivano-Frankivsk national medical university
Authors: Ivantsiv O.R.
Published: December 2021

Background. Since mid-March 2020, the entire medical community of Ukraine has faced a new problem - the lack of experience and technical support for giving online classes. Purpose: to analyze the features of online training in the discipline of "Clinical Anatomy and Operative Surgery" for the second-year students of the medical faculty in IFNMU. Results. We have identified the benefits of online training. Thus, being at home, students can acquire knowledge under the conditions of constant mastering of educational material, so their theoretical basis will be quite thorough; online training also gives an opportunity to study the material anywhere with Internet access. In quiet home conditions online training provides mastering modern information and communication technologies. However, there are also the disadvantages of online training: the inability to form a consistent view and master practical skills in the discipline on their own, due to lack of necessary instruments, phantoms, models, etc., so it is difficult to obtain thorough knowledge, sometimes because of low capacity of the electronic network. Conclusion. In online training of the medical students, we outlined the following peculiarities of giving classes: remoteness, flexibility, mass, practicality, usability, economy, parallelism and modularity.
Fractal analysis of images in medicine and morphology: basic principles and methodologies
Authors: Maryenko N.I. , Stepanenko O.Yu.
Published: December 2021

Background. Fractal analysis is an informative and objective method of mathematical analysis that can complement existing methods of morphometry and provides a comprehensive quantitative assessment of the spatial configuration of irregular anatomical structures. Objective: a comparative analysis of fractal analysis methods used for morphometry in biomedical research. Methods. A comprehensive analysis of morphological studies, based on fractal analysis. Results. Different types of medical images with different preprocessing algorithms can be used for fractal analysis. The parameter determined by fractal analysis is the fractal dimension, which is a measure of the complexity of the spatial configuration and the degree of filling of space with a certain geometric object. The most known methods of fractal analysis are the following: box counting, caliper, pixel dilation, "mass-radius", cumulative intersection, grid intercept. The box counting method and its modifications is the most commonly used method due to the simplicity and versatility. Different methods of fractal analysis have a similar principle: fractal measures (different geometric figures) of a certain size completely cover the structure in the image, size of fractal measure is iteratively changed, and the minimum number of fractal measures covering the structure is calculated. Methods of fractal analysis differ in the type of fractal measure, which can be a linear segment, a square of a fractal grid, a cube, a circle, a sphere etc. Conclusion. The choice of the method of fractal analysis and image preprocessing method depends on the studied structure, features of its spatial configuration, the type of image used for the analysis, and the aim of the study.
Carbon-carbon composite nail for intramedullary osteosynthesis in rats with experimental osteoporosis
Authors: Hryhorieva O.A. , Abrosimov Yu.Yu. , Chornyi V.V.
Published: December 2021

Background. In Ukraine, there has recently been an increase in the number of limb bone fractures among the population, in particular, due to increase in the number of elderly people, which is associated with the development of age-related osteoporosis and fragility of bones. Therefore, the use of artificial implants in traumatology is becoming increasingly important. The search for new bioinert and biodegradable materials, that are capable of providing rapid fracture consolidation and do not require repeated surgical intervention, continues. Objective. To elaborate a model for the research of using carbon-carbon composite nail for intramedullary osteosynthesis in laboratory rats with fractures of femur and tibia in norm and with experimental osteoporosis. Methods. The work investigated the lower limbs of 6 groups of Wistar rats. The first part of the study involved 4 groups of rats with modeled tibial fracture with subsequent osteosynthesis in norm and with experimental osteoporosis. The second part of the research included two groups of laboratory rats with modeled femur fracture. In both parts we used metal injection needle, as well as carbon-carbon composite nail for osteosynthesis. Results. All animals underwent surgery well, stepped on the injured limb. X-ray examination after the osteosynthesis demonstrated satisfactory reposition of the fragments. One month after modeled fracture in rats with experimental osteoporosis a violation of the normal consolidation of the fracture was observed, especially in the group where carbon-carbon composite nails were used for osteosynthesis. Further, until the 180th day after the surgery there were no peculiarities, function of the limbs was restored, mainly without expressed angular deformities. Conclusion. The above mentioned model was successfully elaborated for the research of using carbon-carbon composite nail for intramedullary osteosynthesis in laboratory rats with fractures of femur and tibia in norm and with experimental osteoporosis.