bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does fMRI neurofeedback in the context of stress influence mood and arousal? A randomised controlled trial with parallel group design
Authors: Belardi Angelo , Lee Jong-Hwan , Kim Hyun-Chul , Stalujanis Esther , Jung Eun Kyung , Oh Minkyung , Yoo Seung-Schik , Pruessner Jens C. , Tegethoff Marion , Meinlschmidt Gunther
Published: July 2019

Background: Stress-related mental and physical health issues burden modern societies. New treatment opportunities could help to lessen long-term detrimental consequences of stress.

Objective: To investigate whether real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging neurofeedback (rtfMRInf), aimed at modulating brain activity associated with a stressor, affects subjective mood and arousal.

Methods: In total, 30 males participated in a randomised controlled trial with parallel-group design. rtfMRInf was the intervention, sham-neurofeedback the control condition, and the Stroop task the stressor. We instructed participants to modulate their stress response to the Stroop task via feedback from their anterior cingulate cortex and their insular cortex, concomitantly applying mental strategies. We assessed mood with the Multidimensional Mood State Questionnaire (dimensions: good/bad, GB; awake/tired, AT; and calm/nervous, CN), and subjective arousal with Self-Assessment Manikins (SAM).

Results: We found significantly higher subjective arousal after neurofeedback phases in the experimental condition as compared to the control condition [t(26.6) = −2.216, 95%CI [−2.188,−0.083], p = 0.035; t(27.9) = −3.252, 95%CI [−2.685,−0.609], p = 0.003], but no significant differences between the conditions regarding mood [GB: b = 0.4, 95%CI [−0.67, 1.47], p = 0.467; AT: b = 0.769, 95%CI [−0.319, 1.857], p = 0.177; CN: b = 0.5, 95%CI [−0.53, 1.53], p = 0.352]. In both conditions, there was significantly worse and more tired mood after the fMRI session as compared to before [GB:b = −0.77, 95% CI [−1.31, 0.23], p = 0.009; AT: b = −0.652, 95%CI [−1.116,−0.187], p = 0.01].

Conclusions: Findings indicate that rtfMRInf led to higher arousal, which may counteract the aim to reduce stress responses. Whether the multitasking situation has triggered this neurofeedback-related arousal – and how to circumvent it – asks for further study.

Trial registration: NCT01921088, ClinicalTrials.gov, 13th August 2013.
Metaheuristics for The Solution of Dynamic Vehicle Routing Problem With Time Windows (DVRPTW) With Travel Time Variable
Authors: Gamayanti Nurlita
Published: July 2019

This research is focusing on the development of metaheuristic algorithm to solve Dynamic Vehicle Routing Problem With Time Windows (DVRPTW) for the service provider of Inter-city Courier. The algorithm is divided into two stages which is static stage and dynamic stage. In the static stage, modified Ant Colony System is developed and in the dynamic stage, Insertion Heuristic is developed. In DVRPTW, vehicle’s routes are raised dynamically based on real time information, for example the reception of new order. To test the performances of the developed metaheuristic algorithm, the author compares the developed algorithm with the nearest neighbor algorithm and with the combination between the nearest neighbor and insertion heuristics algorithm. Experiment is done using Chen’s standard data test. The developed metaheuristic algorithm was applied on the network data of the roads in Surabaya, where the routes generated not only determine the order that the consumer must visit but also determine the routes that must be passed. After the experiment, the author conclude that the developed algorithm generates a better travel time total than the nearest neighbor and the combination between the nearest neighbor and insertion heuristics and can also generate route dynamically to respond to the new order well.
Modelling and Control System Design of Zeta Converter Modification with Coupled Inductor - Capacitor for Seawater Battery Application (Case Study at Indonesian Fishing Boat)
Authors: Soedibyo Soedibyo
Published: July 2019

Seawater battery is a renewable energy resources that is generated by electrochemical process due to different water salinity. The electromotive force is determined by the number of membrane and ratio of water concentration. In fact, the seawater salinity is variant in ocean. It leads the electromotive force changes in every point (latitude and longitude) on the ocean. This research is presenting: 1) a model of seawater battery which is applied in fishing boat, 2) a design of zeta converter modiffication with coupled inductor and capacitor and PI controller to keep output voltage remain constant.The simulation result verifie the proposed system and control strategy
Ferroresonance Signal Analysis with Wavelet Transform on 500 kV Transmission Lines Capacitive Voltage Transformers
Authors: Hernanda I Gusti Ngurah Satriyadi , Negara I Made Yulistya , Soeprijanto Adi , Asfani Dimas Anton , Wahyudi Mochammad , Kisdarmawan Surya Dwi , Fahmi Daniar
Published: July 2019

This paper deals with ferroresonance detection on an transmission line utilizing wavelet transform. The ferroresonance involving linear capacitor and non-linear inductor was triggered by the disturbances of power system, such as lightning strike, switching operation and ground fault. The primary voltage of capacitive voltage divider (CVT) was observed as response of the triggered ferroresonance. The voltage signal was processed using wavelet daubechies (db5) until 9 levels. The cyclic cumulative energy for each condition was then calculated and compared. The result shows that the cyclic cumulative energy ratio and duration of period of cumulative energy deviation can be used as ferroresonance detection parameters.
Architecture of RAM-Accumulator based Multichannel Digital PWM
Authors: Hermawan Norma
Published: July 2019

Traditional counter based digital Pulse Width Modulator (PWM) has been a straightforward architecture. However, realization of multichannel PWM with such design requires considerable logic gates. A novel architecture of multichannel PWM based on the usage of RAM block and frequency word accumulator is proposed. This architecture is capable of producing numerous channels while maintaining its performance. The design was tested in Microsemi SmartFusion A2F200 Customizable System on Chip, giving the result of 7.73% FPGA usage to produce 48 channels of 380Hz 16 bits PWM. The output performance for test application is acceptable.
MPPT Control System Based on Incremental Conductance and Constant Voltage using Coupled Inductor-Capacitor Zeta Converter in hybrid PV-Wind Turbine System
Authors: Soedibyo Soedibyo
Published: July 2019

This paper proposes a method of maximum power point tracking control using Incremental Conductance employed in hybrid photovoltaic-wind turbine for DC micro-grid system. The rapid growth of renewable energy using photovoltaic (PV) and wind turbine due to low operational cost and easy to implementation. Improvement of the efficiency of PV and wind turbine based on incremental conductance is the solution to get maximum power in PV and Wind Turbine. The proposed method uses variable step to achieve maximum power with high speed tracking, high efficiency and low steady state error calculation. The performance of the MPPT technique has been applied in dc-dc boost converter. Moreover, Zeta Converter using Coupled Inductor-Capacitor is added for maintain constant voltage in passive load. This high gain converter can reach 311 Volt DC with 1000 W output power and high efficiency up to 90%. The effectiveness of proposed method is implemented in two hybrid system using PV and wind turbine source.
Optimization Approach of the Vehicle Routing Problem with Packing Constraints Using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Gamayanti Nurlita
Published: July 2019

Vehicle Routing Problem is an issue in item delivery from depot to its customers using several vehicles which have limited capacity with a purpose to minimize transportation cost. The packing constraints exist because the vehicles which are usually used in item delivery have rectangular-box shaped container. Also, the items are commonly in shape of rectangular-box. Therefore, packing or loading method is needed so that containers could load all of the items without causing damage and could ease unloading process. The purpose of this final project is to develop a model and algorithm using metaheuristics method, especially genetics algorithm in order to minimize total delivery distance. A hybrid genetics algorithm and bottom-left fill algorithm also take place to solve the packing process. This algorithm delivered average solution 0.08% worse than ant colony optimization, but had 2.93% better solution than tabu search.
Pausas em uma tarefa de tradução e percepção do nível de Dificuldade da Tarefa de Tradução
Authors: Musselman James , Ellis Kristen , Craveiro Pedro
Published: July 2019

A translation task from English into Spanish (Castilian) was carried out by 5 graduate students and 1 undergraduate student highly proficient in English and Spanish. The software Inputlog was used to record all pauses and keystrokes during the translation task. Various relations were examined in attempt to draw conclusions about cognitive effort during the translation task. The first relation examined was between self-reported L1 and Verbal Fluency Scores in L1 and L2. We predicted that participants would score higher on the Verbal Fluency Test in their L1 and found this to be true for 4 out of 6 participants. We also investigated the relation between verbal fluency score and perceived level of task difficulty. We predicted that the translation task into Spanish would be perceived as less difficult for the participants who scored higher in Spanish on the verbal fluency score. This result was only the case for one out of 3 participants who scored higher in Spanish on the Verbal Fluency Test. We also looked at the relation between degree of satisfaction with the target text and perceived level of task difficulty and predicted that participants who perceived the translation task as more difficult would be less satisfied with the final product. This was the case for 4 out of 6 participants. Next, we looked at total task time and total pause time, we hypothesized that variations in pause time across participants may be due to differences in L1 however the lowest and highest pause times recorded in our data were both L1 Spanish. Finally, we looked at the number of pauses and mean time of pauses at different segment levels and found results consistent with prior research where as pauses were more frequent at lower segment levels as opposed to higher segment levels. These results suggest that pauses are in fact an indicator of cognitive load during a translation task and that translating into the participant’s L1 may help to alleviate some of this cognitive load.
PENENTUAN KELAS KATA PADA PART OF SPEECH TAGGING KATA AMBIGU BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Yazid Ahmad Subhan , Fatwanto Agung
Published: July 2019

Indonesian hold a fundamental role in the communication. There is ambiguous problem in its machine learning implementation. In the Natural Language Processing study, Part of Speech (POS) tagging has a role in the decreasing this problem. This study use the Rule Based method to determine the best word class for ambiguous words in Indonesian. This research follows some stages: knowledge inventory, making algorithms, implementation, Testing, Analysis, and Conclusions. The first data used is Indonesian corpus that was developed by Language department of Computer science Faculty, Indonesia University. Then, data is processed and shown descriptively by following certain rules and specification. The result is a POS tagging algorithm included 71 rules in flowchart and descriptive sentence notation. Refer to testing result, the algorithm successfully provides 92 labeling of 100 tested words (92%). The results of the implementation are influenced by the availability of rules, word class tagsets and corpus data.
PENERAPAN ANALISIS SENTIMEN PADA PENGGUNA TWITTER MENGGUNAKAN METODE K-NEAREST NEIGHBOR
Authors: Deviyanto Akhmad , Wahyudi Muhammad Didik Rohmad
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis research is made to implement the KNN (K-Nearest Neighbor) algorithm for sentiment analysis Twitter about Jakarta Governor Election 2017. The object is 2000 data tweets in Indonesia collected from Twitter during Januari 2017 using Python package called Twitterscraper. The methode used in sentiment analysis system is KNN with TF-IDF term weighting and Cosine similarity measure. As the test result, the highest accuracy is 67,2% when k=5, the highest precision is 56,94% with k=5, and the highest recall 78,24% with k=15.Keywords : K – Nearest Neighbor, Twitterscraper, TF-IDF, Cosine Similarity Penelitian ini dibuat untuk mengimplementasikan algoritma KNN (K - Nearest Neighbor) dalam analisis sentimen pengguna Twitter tentang topik Pilkada DKI 2017. Data tweet yang digunakan adalah sebanyak 2000 data tweet berbahasa Indonesia yang dikumpulkan selama bulan Januari 2017 menggunakan package Python bernama Twitterscraper. Menggunakan algoritma KNN dengan pembobotan kata TF-IDF dan fungsi Cosine Similarity, akan dilakukan pengklasifikasian nilai sentimen ke dalam dua kelas : positif dan negatif. Dari hasil pengujian diketahui bahwa nilai akurasi terbesar adalah 67,2% ketika k=5, presisi tertinggi 56,94% ketika k=5, dan recall 78,24% dengan k=15.Kata Kunci : K – Nearest Neighbor, Twitterscraper, TF-IDF, Cosine Similarity
Review of Finite Element Vehicle Interior Acoustic Simulations Including Porous Materials
Authors: Kun János Csaba , Feszty Daniel
Published: July 2019

Recent trends in vehicle engineering require manufacturers to develop products with highly refined noise, vibration and harshness levels. The use of trim elements, which can be described as Poroelastic materials (PEM), are key to achieve quiet interiors. Finite Element Methods (FEM) provide established solutions to simple acoustic problems. However, the inclusion of poroelastic materials, especially at higher frequencies, proves to be a difficult issue to overcome. The goal of this paper was to summarize the state-of-the-art solutions to acoustic challenges involving FEM-PEM simulation methods. This involves investigation of measurement and simulation campaigns both on industrial and fundamental academic research levels.
Efficacy of copy-number variation sequencing technology in prenatal diagnosis
Authors: Zhao Xiaoxi , Fu Lin
Published: July 2019

Background

Classical karyotyping and copy-number variation sequencing (CNV-seq) are useful methods for the prenatal detection of chromosomal abnormalities. Here, we examined the potential of using a combination of the two methods for improved and accurate diagnosis.

Methods

From February 2013 to January 2018, 64 pregnant women showing indications for fetal chromosomal examination in the affiliated hospital of the Inner Mongolia Medical University were selected for this study. Amniotic fluid was collected and used for karyotype analysis and CNV-seq.

Results

Karyotype analysis of the 64 cases showed that six cases (9.38%) had chromosomal abnormalities. Using CNV-seq, in addition to three cases with numerical abnormalities of chromosomes, 14 cases were detected with CNV, of which five were pathogenic CNV, four were of uncertain clinical significance and five were polymorphic CNV. However, CNV-seq failed to detect one case with sex chromosome mosaicism and a balanced translocation carrier. The rate of abnormal chromosome and CNV detection was 26.56% (17/64) by CNV-seq.

Conclusion

Application of CNV-seq in prenatal diagnosis could allow the detection of submicroscopic chromosomal abnormalities and effectively reduce the birth of children with microdeletion and microduplication syndrome. Additionally, the combined application of karyotype analysis and CNV-seq can effectively improve the detection rate of chromosome abnormalities.
Porous Ag/TiO2-Schottky-diode based plasmonic hot-electron photodetector with high detectivity and fast response
Authors: Gao Xu Dong , Fei Guang Tao , Xu Shao Hui , Zhong Bin Nian , Ouyang Hao Miao , Li Xin Hua , Zhang Li De
Published: July 2019

Due to the advantages of narrow energy distribution of plasmonic hot-electrons in Ag and the high density of states in the TiO2 conduction band, an Ag/TiO2 composite is considered to be an ideal combination to construct a plasmonic hot-electron photodetector with high detectivity and a high response speed. In this work, we fabricate a porous Ag/TiO2-Schottky-diode based plasmonic hot-electron photodetector. This detector shows a high detectivity of 9.8 × 1010 cmHz1/2/W and a fast response speed, with a rise and fall time of 112 μs and 24 μs, respectively, under 450 nm light illumination at zero bias voltage. In addition, the height of the Ag/TiO2 Schottky barrier can be decreased by removing the chemisorbed oxygen from the surface of TiO2 with ultraviolet light illumination, and as a result, the responsivity of the Ag/TiO2 plasmonic hot-electron photodetector at 450 nm can increase from 3.4 mA/W to 7.4 mA/W.
Correlation between fiber orientation distribution and mechanical anisotropy in glass-fiber-reinforced composite materials
Authors: Hamanaka Senji , Nonomura Chisato , Thi Thanh Binh Nguyen , Yokoyama Atsushi
Published: July 2019

This study investigates the correlation between the fiber orientation distribution along the thickness and mechanical anisotropy in injection-molded products using a thermoplastic resin reinforced by short fibers. To this end, polyamide-6 samples containing 15, 30, 50, and 65 wt% of short fiberglass were compounded, and flat plates with side gates were injection-molded. The fiber orientation distribution near the center of the plates was observed via X-ray computed tomography and that along the thickness was quantified via a fiber orientation tensor. Coupon test pieces were cut from the plates along the machine and transverse directions, and a three-point bending test was performed. Mechanical anisotropy was evaluated from the ratio of the flexural modulus in each direction. Evaluation results of the fiber orientation distribution and mechanical anisotropy were compared. As a result of the above investigation, a clear correlation was found between the fiber orientation distribution and mechanical anisotropy when the glass fiber content was 15–50 wt%. In the anisotropic expression under the condition of high glass fiber content (65 wt%), contributions of parameters other than the fiber orientation distribution became evident.
A novel individualized drug repositioning approach for predicting personalized candidate drugs for type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Zheng Hong
Published: July 2019

The existence of high cost-consuming and high rate of drug failures suggests the promotion of drug repositioning in drug discovery. Existing drug repositioning techniques mainly focus on discovering candidate drugs for a kind of disease, and are not suitable for predicting candidate drugs for an individual sample. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a disorder of glucose homeostasis caused by autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic β-cell. Here, we present a novel single sample drug repositioning approach for predicting personalized candidate drugs for T1DM. Our method is based on the observation of drug-disease associations by measuring the similarities of individualized pathway aberrance induced by disease and various drugs using a Kolmogorov-Smirnov weighted Enrichment Score algorithm. Using this method, we predicted several underlying candidate drugs for T1DM. Some of them have been reported for the treatment of diabetes mellitus, and some with a current indication to treat other diseases might be repurposed to treat T1DM. This study conducts drug discovery via detecting the functional connections among disease and drug action, on a personalized or customized basis. Our framework provides a rational way for systematic personalized drug discovery of complex diseases and contributes to the future application of custom therapeutic decisions.
Investigation of alanine, propionylcarnitine (C3) and 3-hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine (C5-OH) levels in patients with partial biotinidase deficiency
Authors: Kazanasmaz Halil , Karaca Meryem
Published: July 2019

Background

Biotinidase deficiency is a treatable metabolic disease that can be seen with various neurological and dermatological complications. Biomarkers such as alanine, propionylcarnitine (C3) and 3-hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine (C5-OH), which are used to diagnose biotinidase deficiency, are also present.

Materials and methods

In cases with partial biotinidase deficiency and normal biotinidase activity, alanine, C3 and C5-OH levels were compared in the field by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Results

There was no significant difference between subjects with partial biotinidase deficiency and those with normal biotinidase activity between C3 and C5-OH levels. The mean alanine levels in heel blood and plasma were significantly higher than those with normal biotinidase activity in patients with partial biotinidase deficiency.

Conclusion

In cases with partial biotinidase deficiency, the heel blood alanine level that can be detected in the neonatal screening program may be a leading marker in diagnosis.
Integrating clinical reasoning principles in case-based learning sessions for first-year medical students: Lessons learned
Authors: Kumar Dinesh , Rajprasath Ramakrishnan , Murugan Magi
Published: July 2019

Background: Conventional pedagogies for case-based learning are designed with the intention of helping the student appreciate the relevance of content they learn and kindle their curiosity. However, these pedagogies embody certain shortcomings which inhibit them from reaching the intended objectives. The main aim of our initiative is to improve traditional case-based learning using the principles of clinical reasoning. Methods: A priori, two sessions were conducted in which two vignettes were administered to first-year medical students. We obtained the perceived acceptance which was equivalent to Kirkpatrick level 1 learning outcomes. Results: Overall outcomes were highly positive in terms of acceptability, fostering curiosity, increasing the relevance of learned content, and helping students learn to think in a logical way. Conclusion: With the increasing need for incorporating clinical reasoning skills in medical education, it is imperative that these skills are taught beginning with the preclinical years of medical education.
The status of accountable education in the Surgery Department, Tabriz, Iran
Authors: Pourabbas Ahmad , Amini Abolghasem , Fallah Farnoush , Asghari jafarabadi Mohammad
Published: July 2019

Background: Accountability brings transparency and commitment to improve adherence to the mission and upgrade the current system. The medical education system bears a responsibility to be accountable towards the community, which involves examining the fulfillment of the university’s goals in this area. Therefore, this study has reviewed the fulfillment of accountable indicators in the study group. Methods: This descriptive study was carried out in the surgery department at the Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in the teaching hospitals of Imam Reza and Sina. it was done based on accountable education measurement tool that included 10 areas, 25 criteria and their associated markers. The data collection method was based on interviews, observation and review of documents. Results: The average performance (mean 38.6%) of the surgery department across the ten areas of social accountability in education was at a moderate level. There was no performance recorded in the 2nd and 9th areas and the performance in the 8th and 10th areas was poor. Areas 1, 4, 5, 6, and 7 had a moderate performance and the Area 3 had a fairly good performance average. Conclusion: The performance of the study group is based on some factors such as the relationship between the Medical Education Development Center and the Medical Education Department and their knowledge of accountability principles and criteria, and the knowledge and application of teaching, assessment, and evaluation methods as well as the knowledge of accountable education.
Early Operational Successes of the University of Louisiana Monroe’s Polarimetric S-band Doppler Radar
Authors: Murphy Todd A. , Palmer Cynthia , Entremont Chad , Lamb James D.
Published: July 2019

In October 2016, the University of Louisiana Monroe (ULM) began operating a polarimetric S-band Doppler weather radar to help close the low-level radar coverage gap across northern Louisiana by increasing the quantity of data sampled below 3.0 km AGL. Data are delivered in near-real time to local National Weather Service (NWS) Weather Forecast Offices to help meteorologists accomplish their mission of protecting life and property. The inclusion of ULM radar data into NWS operations has led to improved detection of severe and hazardous weather across northern Louisiana. This paper details how the ULM radar has been incorporated into NWS operations, the improvement in operational radar coverage, and the challenges of using a non-NWS radar in the NWS operational setting.
Central venous catheter-associated thrombosis in children with congenital hyperinsulinism
Authors: Yau Daphne , Salomon-Estebanez Maria , Chinoy Amish , Grainger John , Craigie Ross J , Padidela Raja , Skae Mars , Dunne Mark J , Murray Philip G , Banerjee Indraneel
Published: July 2019

Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) is an important cause of severe hypoglycaemia in infancy. To correct hypoglycaemia, high concentrations of dextrose are often required through a central venous catheter (CVC) with consequent risk of thrombosis. We describe a series of six cases of CHI due to varying aetiologies from our centre requiring CVC for the management of hypoglycaemia, who developed thrombosis in association with CVC. We subsequently analysed the incidence and risk factors for CVC-associated thrombosis, as well as the outcomes of enoxaparin prophylaxis. The six cases occurred over a 3-year period; we identified an additional 27 patients with CHI who required CVC insertion during this period (n = 33 total), and a separate cohort of patients with CHI and CVC who received enoxaparin prophylaxis (n = 7). The incidence of CVC-associated thrombosis was 18% (6/33) over the 3 years, a rate of 4.2 thromboses/1000 CVC days. There was no difference in the frequency of genetic mutations or focal CHI in those that developed thromboses. However, compound heterozygous/homozygous potassium ATP channel mutations correlated with thrombosis (R2 = 0.40, P = 0.001). No difference was observed in CVC duration, high concentration dextrose or glucagon infused through the CVC. In patients receiving enoxaparin prophylaxis, none developed thrombosis or bleeding complications. The characteristics of these patients did not differ significantly from those with thrombosis not on prophylaxis. We therefore conclude that CVC-associated thrombosis can occur in a significant proportion (18%) of patients with CHI, particularly in severe CHI, for which anticoagulant prophylaxis may be indicated.

Learning points:

CVC insertion is one of the most significant risk factors for thrombosis in the paediatric population.

Risk factors for CVC-associated thrombosis include increased duration of CVC placement, malpositioning and infusion of blood products.

To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate CVC-associated thrombosis in patients with congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI).

The incidence of CVC-associated thrombosis development is significant (18%) in CHI patients and higher compared to other neonates with CVC. CHI severity may be a risk factor for thrombosis development.

Although effective prophylaxis for CVC-associated thrombosis in infancy is yet to be established, our preliminary experience suggests the safety and efficacy of enoxoaparin prophylaxis in this population and requires on-going evaluation.
Thermoelectric Properties and a Defective Subsystem of Heterophasic Materials on the Basis of a Lead Telluride with Impurity of Antimony
Authors: Prokopiv V.V. , Galushchak M.O. , Horichok I.V. , Parashchuk T.O. , Matkivskiy O.M. , Bachuk V.V. , Dzumedzey R.O.
Published: July 2019

The results of the study of thermoelectric properties and the defective subsystem of lead telluride doped by antimony PbTe:Sb (8%), promising material for the creation of heat energy converters on their basis. The regularities in the behavior of the properties investigated, which are due to the biphasicity of the material and the significant influence of the technological factors of obtaining samples on their defective subsystem, are established. The modeling of the defect subsystem of PbTe:Sb crystals was carried out taking into account thepresence of additional phase inclusions and it was found that dominant point defects are internode atoms of antimony.
Calculation of Diffusion Flows for the Formation of Phases in Alloys Iron-Carbon-Alloying Element
Authors: Bobyr S.V.
Published: July 2019

The method of calculation of diffusion flows under phase transformations in alloys iron - carbon - alloying element using the principles of nonequilibrium thermodynamics are developed. The expressions for calculation of cross-factors, motive forces and flows in the Onzager equations for a two-phase thermodynamic system, and an example of using the developed method are given.
RNA-Sequencing Analysis of Paternal Low-Protein Diet-Induced Gene Expression Change in Mouse Offspring Adipocytes
Authors: Ly Nhung Hong , Maekawa Toshio , Yoshida Keisuke , Liu Yang , Muratani Masafumi , Ishii Shunsuke
Published: July 2019

Increasing evidence indicates that parental diet affects the metabolism and health of offspring. It is reported that paternal low-protein diet (pLPD) induces glucose intolerance and the expression of genes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis in mouse offspring liver. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of a pLPD on gene expression in offspring white adipose tissue (WAT), another important tissue for the regulation of metabolism. RNA-seq analysis indicated that pLPD up- and down-regulated 54 and 274 genes, respectively, in offspring WAT. The mRNA expression of many genes involved in lipogenesis was down-regulated by pLPD feeding, which may contribute to metabolic disorder. The expression of carbohydrate response element-binding protein β (ChREBP-β), an important lipogenic transcription factor, was also significantly lower in the WAT of pLPD offspring, which may have mediated the down-regulation of the lipogenic genes. By contrast, the LPD did not affect the expression of lipogenic genes in the WAT of the male progenitor, but increased the expression of lipid oxidation genes, suggesting that a LPD may reduce lipogenesis using different mechanisms in parents and offspring. These findings add to our understanding of how paternal diet can regulate metabolism in their offspring.
Analytical procedures in volatile business entities audit context
Authors: Pečiūrienė Aleksandra
Published: July 2019

Evolution of the Lithuanian auditing system recently has been influenced by the European Union picked and chosen process of auditing internationalization. Today among effective ISA there are standards that outline application of analytical procedures in audit. The increasingly important role is assigned to analytical procedures in the audit of business entities operative under the market economy conditions. The objective of the article is to explore the substance and application of analytical procedures in audit. The contribution of this study is polysemantic.

The definition of analytical procedures conception in the ISA, SAS and NAS (National Auditing Standards) has been surveyed. The conclusion is drawn that certain mismatches in the definition of analytical procedures conception in the Lithuanian language weren’t avoided neither in the NAS, nor in the ISA, which have been recently in force in Lithuania.

Exploring the application of analytical procedures in the auditing process, such aspects as selection of analytical procedures method and form as well as process sequence should be emphasized. Analytical procedures might serve as “attention directing” or “substantive” procedures. Following the ISA provisions auditors are required to perform analytical procedures in the stages of audit planning and forming of overall conclusion. Performing of analytical procedures at the audit testing stage is requested, but not required. Considering that, timing and purposes of analytical procedures are generalized.

Analysis of application of analytical procedures as sufficiently significant and effective audit instrument in audit practice is performed. It became as such because in modern audit more and more attention is paid to design and evaluation of accurateness of the auditor’s expectations. Namely the accurateness of expectations should be considered as the measure of analytical procedures effectiveness. The role of analytical procedures in evaluation of a client going concern is emphasized.

Dynamics of the number of Lithuanian auditors and audit firms as well as revenue from audit for the period of 2003-2012 years allow anticipating more comprehensive appliance of analytical procedures in audit practice. Consequently, it is expedient to follow the applied researches conducted by foreign specialists in the field of analytical procedure performance in audit on purpose to ascertain the role of analytical procedures as audit efficiency and quality ensure instrument in the Lithuanian audit praxis.
The research of professional ethics of tax auditor seeking the trust in tax
Authors: Giriūnienė Gintarė
Published: July 2019

In today's economy, the subject of taxation, in particular, precise calculation and evaluation of taxes is becoming more and more relevant. There is a practice, where tax auditors performing audits of the business entity often do not even know whether it is ethical to allow the business entity, i.e. taxpayer, to correct some of the errors appearing in the tax records, and not to punish the business by fines and interests, as is prescribed by the Law of Tax Administration of the Republic of Lithuania. It should be noted that there was a similar problem several decades ago among accountants and this led to the emergence of professional codes of ethics of accountants. The discussions of the behaviour of the tax auditor, auditing one or another company, in the context of professional ethics, what fundamental values and principles should he be guided by in order to maintain good quality of work, following the relevant moral norms, enables the argument that the topic of tax auditor's assessment in the context of professional ethics has not been analysed thoroughly enough, therefore the identification of tax auditor's ethical norms, values, principles and, most importantly, assessment is extremely important for the purpose of making the individual tax auditor’s , as well as all the tax system’s performance more efficient. Even for a very knowledgeable in his field tax auditor it is no easy to tell what kind of personal traits suggest that certain behaviour is ethical, consequently the article analyses the main values and principles of professional ethics, that should serve as guidelines not only for tax auditors, but also for any other person, seeking higher results in his profession. Therefore the objective of the research is to conduct a research on tax auditors’ professional ethics.

The code of ethics plays a special role in the evaluation of professional ethics; it defines the core values and principles for ethical behaviour. A tax auditor, seeking professional growth through quality performance, taking into account the moral obligations, should not only comply with the fundamental values, such as honesty, objectivity, impartiality, confidentiality and sense of duty, but also provide a decent example for the audited company’s employees to demonstrate the integrity of the entire tax system and thus create confidence in the Lithuanian tax system. The results of a questionnaire survey showed that the tax auditor's professional ethics are directly connected with the taxpayer's trust in the Lithuanian tax system. Therefore, the existing practice of different taxpayers committing identical offences and being treated differently undermines the confidence not only in tax auditors and their professional ethics, but also in the tax system of the country as a whole. The questionnaire survey results suggest that, according to the taxpayers, it is essential for the tax auditor to follow such principles at work as impartiality, confidentiality and thoroughness. All of the above should be included in the tax auditor's code of ethics.
Analysis of internal control models
Authors: Simonaitytė Živilė
Published: July 2019

Internal control evaluation is one of the most important steps of audit. For conducting this step properly internal control evaluation models are used. Every model has its own advantages and disadvantages. Pros and cons of the most popular internal control models, audit standards used in the biggest countries of the world, researches in the field of effective internal control evaluation are analysed in this article. Structure of internal control evaluation is provided. It enables to connect advantages and dilute disadvantages of the most commonly used internal control evaluation models.
Social economic risk analysis of Lithuania in the context of European Union countries
Authors: Jurgelevičius Artūras
Published: July 2019

Social economic risk factors of country risk assessment of Lithuania have been analysed in the article.  Recent economic downturn caused and sharpened a number of economic and social problems. Poor economic recovery, high rate of unemployment, social and economic inequality, not flexible and dynamic structure of industry might be considered as factors which will limit the economic growth and prosperity in the country for upcoming decade. Analysis has suggested that Lithuania has reached 72% of European Union economic level. In order to achieve the average of European Union’s countries economic level Lithuania has to gain more than 4% of growth of GDP rate annually. In the context of regional deep recession or country’s dependency on European market, it seems impossible to achieve this goal in 2030 if other variables have not change.  Analysis of Lithuanian industry and export structure suggested that Lithuania mainly produce low value added goods and this has not changed for the last decade. It was identified that Lithuania is experiencing high level of social exclusion which negatively affect the development of the country. Social economic trends might do high pressure on state budget demanding increase taxes tariffs and expand tax base in the country.
The Wroblewski Library History: Case of the Purchase of the Plater’s Pustynia Estate Book Collection
Authors: Narbutienė Daiva
Published: July 2019

The founder of the Wroblewski Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences, Tadeusz Stanisław Wróblewski (1858–1925), began to enrich the library of his parents, which he inherited in 1891, through his acquisitions of books, manuscripts, periodicals, collections of iconographic documents, and other valuables. One of such book collections, offered to him for sale in 1907, was from the Pustynia Estate located near the town of Kraslava, then part of the Vitebsk Province (Kraslava now is a municipality center in the Republic of Latvia, situated not far from Daugavpils and near the border with the Russian Federation). This collection belonged to Count Henryk de Broel-Plater (1868–after 1926). Having studied its catalogue, Wroblewski purchased from the count his entire collection (over 6000 volumes) on October 30, 1907, for 2.5 thousand roubles. However, Plater had hid several hundred of his most valuable books, which he later offered to Hieronym Wilder’s antique bookshop in Warsaw. Wroblewski had to exercise a considerable effort to reclaim the books he rightly owned. Based both on archival materials kept in the Wroblewski Library of LAS and on evidence collected about publications carrying the Pustynia Estate pro­venance mark (350 copies have been identified so far), the article discusses the circumstances of the purchase of Plater’s book collection and overviews its content and development. The Pustynia estate library was rather universal by its content and contained extremely valuable editions. Wroblewski purchased from the count, among other rarities, Joannes Radvanus’s Radivilias (Vilnae, Metropoli Litvanorum: ex officina Ioannis Kartzani, 1592), a Latin biography by the Lutheran pastor Paul Oderborn Ioannis Basilidis magni Moscoviae ducis vita (Witebergae: excudebat haeredes Ioannis Cratonis, 1585), and a treatise on the differences between the Catholic and the Orthodox faiths by the Kraków canon Jan Sakran, Elucidarius errorum ritus Ruthenici (Cracoviae: typis Joannis Haller, post V 1501). There are no more copies of these and several other Plater’ s books in Lithuania.
Books and Society in Latvia up to 1945
Authors: Prokopčik Marija
Published: July 2019

Grāmata un sabiedrība Latvijā līdz 1945. gadam: rakstu krājums. Latvijas Nacionālā bibliotēka; Galvenais redaktors Andris Vilks; atbildīgā redaktore Sanita Briežkalne. Rīga: Latvijas Nacionālā bibliotēka, 2019. 367 p.: diagramma, faksimili, ilustrācijas, portreti, shēmas. ISSN 1691-5941. (Zinātniskie raksti, 4 (XXIV)
Fakultetinės chirurgijos katedros įsteigimo Kauno Vytauto Didžiojo universitete 80-metį pasitinkant: istorinė Fakultetinės chirurgijos katedros ir klinikos Kaune apžvalga
Authors: Zykas Vytautas , Venskutonis Donatas , Vaičys Žygimantas
Published: July 2019

akultetinės chirurgijos katedra buvo įsteigta 1940 m. Vytauto Didžiojo universitete Kaune. Ši katedra įkurta Medicinos fakulteto dekanui ir laikinajam Chirurgijos katedros vedėjui prof. Vladui Lašui reorganizavus tuo metu buvusią Chirurgijos katedrą į dvi atskiras – Fakultetinės chirurgijos ir Hospitalinės chirurgijos – katedras. Ilgainiui katedra keitė savo pavadinimus: iki 1982 m. (su pertrūkiais karo metu) ji išliko Fakultetinės chirurgijos katedra, 1982–1992 m. vadinosi II chirurgijos katedra, 1992–1998 – II chirurgijos klinika.

Straipsnyje apžvelgtos Fakultetinės chirurgijos katedros ištakos Nepriklausomoje Lietuvoje ir pirmieji akademinės chirurgijos kūrėjai, šiandienos chirurgų mokytojai ir asmenybės: prof. V. Kanauka, prof. V. Lašas, A. Stropus, taip pat katedros ir klinikos vadovai: doc. J.  Jaržemskas, doc. J. Karaliūnas, doc. J. Platūkis, prof. V. Zykas, prof. D. Venskutonis bei jų kolegos ir mokiniai. Apžvelgiama Fakultetinės chirurgijos kated­ros akademinė ir mokslinė raida bei indėlis Lietuvoje plėtojant proktologiją, nušviečiamas laikotarpis iki 1998 m., kai, vykdant chirurgijos katedrų ir klinikų reorganizaciją, tuometiniame Kauno medicinos universitete įkurta Bendrosios chirurgijos klinika.
Family Chaos and Asthma Control
Authors: Weinstein Sally M. , Pugach Oksana , Rosales Genesis , Mosnaim Giselle S. , Walton Surrey M. , Martin Molly A.
Published: July 2019

OBJECTIVES:

Asthma is a highly prevalent childhood chronic disease, with particularly high rates among poor and minority youth. Psychosocial factors have been linked to asthma severity but remain poorly understood. This study examined (1) relationships between parent and child depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, family functioning, and child asthma control in a sample of urban minority youth with uncontrolled asthma and (2) family functioning as a pathway linking parent depression and asthma outcomes.

METHODS:

Data were drawn from the baseline cohort of a randomized trial testing community interventions for children aged 5 to 16 with uncontrolled asthma (N = 223; mean age = 9.37, SD = 3.02; 85.2% Hispanic). Asthma control was defined by using the Asthma Control Test and Childhood Asthma Control Test, activity limitation, and previous-12-month asthma severity. Psychosocial measures included parent and child depression and PTSD symptoms, family chaos, and parent social support.

RESULTS:

Parent and child depression symptoms, but not PTSD, were associated with worse asthma control (β = −.20 [SE = 0.06] and β = −.12 [SE = −.03]; P < .001). Family chaos corresponded to worse asthma control, even when controlling for parent and child depression (β = −.33; [SE = 0.15]; P < .05), and was a mediator of the parent depression-asthma path. Emotional triggers of asthma also mediated the parent depression-asthma relationship.

CONCLUSIONS:

Findings highlight family chaos as a mechanism underlying the relationship between parent depression and child asthma control. Addressing parent and child depression, family routines, and predictability may optimize asthma outcomes.
Peran Pimpinan Pondok Pesantren Dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Dakwah Santri
Authors: Alkhairy M.S. Ghazy
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this research is to know the role (the region of influence), the role of leadership in directing the program, and the role of the leader in supervising the program of activities to improve the quality of preaching santri in Pondok Pesantren Cipari. The method used in this research is to use descriptive method, through qualitative approach The role of the leadership of Pondok Pesantren Cipari in directing the process of education in order to improve the quality of da'wah santri continues to be developed, it can be seen from the continuous activities of the santri to support the ability in da'wah and it is reflected in one of the activities of boarding school that is muhadharah routinely run every week. The role of the leadership of Pondok Pesantren Cipari in directing the program is seen in the organizing process which resulted in a formulation of organizational structure and delegation of authority and responsibility, a pattern that is built very distinctive, deliberation to consensus other than the leader also performs its function as a policy maker. The usual surveillance process at Pondok Pesantren Cipari by taking the course of the implementation of the activity, measuring its success and failure with the standard as it has been set. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk bertujuan mengetahui peran (Wilayah pengaruh), peran pimpinan dalam mengarahkan program, serta peran pimpinan dalam mengawasi program kegiatan untuk meningkatkan kualitas dakwah santri di Pondok Pesantren Cipari.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan metode deskriptif, melalui pendekatan kualitatif. Peran pimpinan Pondok Pesantren Cipari dalam mengarahkan proses pendidikan guna meningkatkan kualitas dakwah santri terus dikembangkan, hal tersebut terlihat dari terus berjalannya kegiatan-kegiatan para santri untuk menunjang kemampuan dalam berdakwah dan hal tersebut tercermin dalam salah-satu kegiatan pondok pesantren yaitu muhadharah yang rutin dijalankan setiap minggunya. Peran pimpinan Pondok Pesantren Cipari dalam mengarahkan program terlihat pada proses pengorganisasian yang menghasilkan sebuah rumusan struktur organisasi dan pendelegasian wewenang dan tanggung jawab, pola yang dibangun sangat khas, musyawarah untuk mufakat selain pemimpin pun menjalankan fungsinya sebagai penentu kebijakan. Proses pengawasan yang biasa dilakukan di Pondok Pesantren Cipari dengan mengambil jalannya pelaksanaan kegiatan, mengukur keberhasilan dan kegagalannya dengan standar sebagaimana yang telah di tetapkan.