bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of a Targeted Exome Next-Generation Sequencing Panel Offers Therapeutic Opportunity and Clinical Benefit in a Subset of Patients With Advanced Cancers
Authors: Kopetz Scott , Mills Shaw Kenna R. , Lee J. Jack , Zhang Jiexin , Litzenburger Beate , Holla Vijaykumar , Kinyua Walter , Broaddus Emily , Daniels Molly S. , Meric-Bernstam Funda , Broaddus Russell R.
Published: March 2019

PURPOSE

Smaller hotspot-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) panels have emerged to support standard of care therapy for patients with cancer. When standard treatments fail, it is unknown whether additional testing using an expanded panel of genes provides any benefit. The purpose of this study was to determine if larger sequencing panels that capture additional actionable genes, coupled with decision support, translates into treatment with matched therapy after frontline therapy has failed.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

A prospective protocol accrued 521 patients with a wide variety of refractory cancers. NGS testing using a 46- or 50-gene hotspot assay, then a 409-gene whole-exome assay, was sequentially performed in a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments–certified clinical laboratory. A decision-support team annotated somatic alterations in clinically actionable genes for function and facilitated therapeutic matching. Survival and the impact of matched therapy use were determined by Kaplan-Meier estimate, log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazards regression.

RESULTS

The larger NGS panel identified at least one alteration in an actionable gene not previously identified in the smaller sequencing panel in 214 (41%) of 521 of enrolled patients. After the application of decision support, 41% of the alterations in actionable genes were considered to affect the function of the gene and were deemed actionable. Forty patients (40 of 214 [19%]) were subsequently treated with matched therapy. Treatment with matched therapy was associated with significantly improved overall survival compared with treatment with nonmatched therapy ( P = .017).

CONCLUSION

Combining decision support with larger NGS panels that incorporate genes beyond those recommended in current treatment guidelines helped to identify patients who were eligible for matched therapy while improving overall treatment selection and survival. This survival benefit was restricted to a small subset of patients.
New Concepts About Familial Isolated Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Marx Stephen J
Published: March 2019

Context

Familial isolated hyperparathyroidism (FIHP) is defined as familial primary hyperparathyroidism (FH) without a characteristic extraparathyroidal feature of a more complex hyperparathyroid syndrome. New concepts of FIHP have been developed within this definition. FIHP has been difficult to study due to small kindreds and mildly symptomatic cases.

Evidence Acquisition

Searches were through PubMed for FIHP, other FH syndromes, and the gene(s) mutated in each.

Evidence Synthesis

Within its definition, the current concept of FIHP has clinical and mutational components that can include incomplete expressions of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia, hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndromes, or their mutations. Newest concepts of FIHP focus on kindreds without mutation of the MEN1, CASR, or CDC73 genes; 17% have germline activating mutation of the gene for the GCM2 transcription factor. The FIHP kindreds with or without GCM2 mutation contain a median of only two cases of primary hyperparathyroidism. The small kindred size in both subgroups of FIHP is probably caused by a low rate of screening among relatives. Persons with FIHP and GCM2 mutation present as adults with mild hypercalcemia and multiple parathyroid tumors.

Conclusion

The current concept of FIHP led to a focus on small kindreds without mutation of MEN1, CASR, or CDC73. These assisted in identifying germline activating GCM2 mutations in 17% of kindreds. Clinical and mutational characterization in more cases is needed to determine if there are any unique clinical features of FIHP, with or without mutation of GCM2.
D2 dopamine receptor activation induces female preference for male song in the monogamous zebra finch
Authors: Day Nancy F. , Saxon David , Robbins Anastasia , Harris Lily , Nee Emily , Shroff-Mehta Naomi , Stout Kaeley , Sun Julia , Lillie Natalie , Burns Mara , Korn Clio , Coleman Melissa J.
Published: March 2019

The evolutionary conservation of neural mechanisms for forming and maintaining pair bonds is unclear. Oxytocin, vasopressin and dopamine (DA) transmitter systems have been shown to be important in pair-bond formation and maintenance in several vertebrate species. We examined the role of dopamine in formation of song preference in zebra finches, a monogamous bird. Male courtship song is an honest signal of sexual fitness; thus, we measured female song preference to evaluate the role of DA in mate selection and pair-bond formation, using an operant conditioning paradigm. We found that DA acting through the D2 receptor, but not the D1 receptor, can induce a song preference in unpaired female finches and that blocking the D2 receptor abolished song preference in paired females. These results suggest that similar neural mechanisms for pair-bond formation are evolutionarily conserved in rodents and birds.
Book Reviews
Authors: Shen Wenjing
Published: March 2019

In Book Reviews, we review an extensive and diverse range of books. They cover theory and applications in operations research, statistics, management science, econometrics, mathematics, computers, and information systems. In addition, we include books in other fields that emphasize technical applications. The editor will be pleased to receive an email from those willing to review a book, with an indication of specific areas of interest. If you are aware of a specific book that you would like to review, or that you think should be reviewed, please contact the editor. The following book is reviewed in this issue of the INFORMS Journal on Applied Analytics, 49(1), January–February: Sustainable Urban Logistics: Planning and Evaluation, Jesus Gonzalez-Feliu.
Guilt, forgiveness and medical error
Authors: Winter George F
Published: March 2019

Is the greater emphasis on no-blame working cultures at odds with health professionals' responsibility to recognise and learn from errors? George Winter debates the issues at stake
Eating disorders in pregnancy: practical considerations for the midwife
Authors: Stringer Eileen C , Furber Christine
Published: March 2019

Women who have eating disorders represent up to 8% of pregnant women today. The risks to both a mother and her baby are significant if an eating disorder is present. It is important that midwives have the knowledge, skills and confidence to enquire about eating disorders with women early in the pregnancy, and are also aware of the clinical signs of eating disorders, in order to recognise these situations. Midwives should use sensitive and compassionate communication skills when caring for women who have eating disorders, who have complex psychological feelings that may affect their behaviour. The symptoms of eating disorders may improve during pregnancy but midwives should be aware of the effects of childbirth. The postnatal phase is an important period for a mother who has an eating disorder, as her symptoms may recur, and midwives should therefore work in partnership with key members of the multidisciplinary team.
Can a workshop increase pregnant women's knowledge of their birthplace options?
Authors: Murphy Breda , Wong Sandy
Published: March 2019

Background

Research shows that women consistently report a lack of adequate, unbiased information about their birthplace choices.

Aim

One midwfery unit aimed to address the issue by creating a workshop to disseminate the findings of Brocklehurst et al's (2011) birthplace study and report local data.

Method

Standards were set at 70% of suitable women being booked to attend. It was aimed that 100% of those women would actually attend, and that 100% would report receiving appropriate and sufficient information.

Findings

Overall, 45.7% of eligible women were booked to attend and 77.7% of those booked did attend. All women who attended reported having received adequate information. The number of birth centre births in the area rose by 31.3% after the implementation of the workshop.

Conclusion

Although attendance could be improved, the authors were confident that the workshop is a positive step in increasing women's knowledge of their birthplace options. Local initiatives must be commended; however, strategies must be implemented on a national level to alter the status quo of hospital births as the safest option for all women.
Saving babies' lives stillbirth summit
Authors: Newman Lauren
Published: March 2019

On 4 February, the annual ‘Saving Babies Lives: Reducing Still Birth’ conference took place in central London. Lauren Newman reports on the presentations from the day
A Self-Enriching Pact: Imperialism and the Global South
Authors: Higginbottom Andy
Published: March 2019

This article summarizes the main points under debate between David Harvey and John Smith concerning international value transfers and labor superexploitation. It evaluates that superexploitation is more than a descriptive term, rather a central concept for understanding contemporary imperialism. The article assesses claims concerning the rise of China in Africa, and argues that neocolonialism is a general condition that has been modified but not superseded by the rise of the BRICS. The article argues that Harvey’s misreading of global imperialism is connected to his mistinterpretation of Marx’s Capital, and concludes that international solidarity against neocolonialism is required.
Colonial hauntings in Lynda Barry’s One Hundred Demons
Authors: Oh Stella
Published: March 2019

This article traces two interrelated affective economies present in Lynda Barry’s One Hundred Demons. First, I begin with a discussion of colonial hauntings demonstrated by the numerous demons in Barry’s text whose title also bears this word. The demons of Barry’s text are ghostly presences that are the aftereffects of colonial trauma. Second, I examine the ways in which Barry employs what I call are ‘sticky visual rhythms’ that produce haptic knowledge that reverberates colonial hauntings of racism, sexism and empire. These affective rhythms not only echo the haunting effects of colonization, empire and intimacies, but also offer new ways of countering patriarchal and imperial desires. The ‘sticky visual rhythms’ of One Hundred Demons allow us to think through issues of self-loathing, anger and depression that disproportionately affect those who have been subjected to traumas of colonialism and other structural inequalities.
Focalized split panels: Bridging the borders in comics form
Authors: Poharec Lauranne
Published: March 2019

Although comics scholars have examined split panels, also known as polyptychs, as a visual strategy that transforms space into time, this article establishes that split panels can also cue focalization. The first part of this article reviews current theories about sequentiality and segmentivity in comics in order to establish some of the ways in which split panels can question, or complicate, generally agreed-upon understandings of comics’ sequences in terms of time and space. The second part of this article consists in close visual analyses of several split panels taken from Craig Thompson’s Good-Bye Chunky Rice (1999), Alex Robinson’s Tricked (2010), Mawil’s Wir Können Ja Freunde Bleiben (2003, published in English in 2008 as We Can Still Be Friends) and Glyn Dillon’s The Nao of Brown (2012). This article draws from Silke Horstkotte and Nancy Pedri’s theory of focalization in comics, as well as Jan Baeten’s distinction between the suturing and individualizing function of the gutter, to argue that split panels can represent characters or narrators’ subjective experiences that inform the processing of the story by readers. They can, for instance, represent through visual means a character’s fragmented, troubled mind or hint at the likes and dislikes between characters across the gutter. This article thus demonstrates that the use of split panels is a rich visual strategy whose complex narrative function derives from the suturing or individualizing role of the gutter. Weaving together panels with gutters that at once distinguish and highlight elements of a visually coherent image, split panels allow for a meaningful experimentation with panel size, shape and position that often enhances the mental workings of the focalizing agent.
Convergências e Divergências Epistemológicas no Hibridismo entre a Sociolinguística e o Funcionalismo / Epistemological Convergences and Differences in Hybridism between Sociolinguistics and Functionalism
Authors: Santos Amorim Vania Raquel , Sousa Valéria Viana
Published: March 2019

Resumo: A Sociolinguística e o Funcionalismo constituem teorias que se unem por reconhecerem a heterogeneidade da língua e por priorizarem seu uso real como ponto basilar para explicar processos de variação e mudança. A interface entre essas teorias e a articulação dos seus princípios são estudadas por alguns pesquisadores com a denominação de Sociofuncionalismo. Neste trabalho, apresentamos as confluências e divergências na interface dessas teorias, mostrando que esse hibridismo é capaz de trazer grandes contribuições para descrição e análise da linguagem a partir dos pontos afins de suas epistemologias, como também,  através da constituição de um diálogo entre as diferenças existentes entre alguns  de seus conceitos aparentemente incompatíveis.
O aporte da genética na calvície masculina: uma revisão de literatura / The Genetic Contribution in Male Pattern Baldness: A Literature Review
Authors: Feitosa Pedro Walisson Gomes , Damasceno Irving Araújo , Alcântara Izabela Pinho de , Ferreira Clarice Maria De Moraes , Pinheiro Sally De França Lacerda
Published: March 2019

A calvície é um caráter hereditário complexo e a forma mais comum de perda de cabelo em humanos, acometendo cerca de 50% da população masculina com idade de 50 anos. Apesar de ser amplamente aceita a opinião de que a calvície é um fenótipo autossômico dominante em homens e autossômico recessivo em mulheres, há uma grande suspeita de uma herança poligênica.  O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar a relação da hereditariedade na calvície, além de identificar (troca o 1o identificar por conhecer ou compreender) genes candidatos para desencadeá-la.  A pesquisa foi realizada a partir de uma revisão sistemática da literatura no período de 01.01.2008 até 30.06.2018 na base de dados do PubMed. Foram utilizados os seguintes descritores: “male pattern baldness” e “genetic”. Foram encontrados 53 artigos na busca eletrônica, sendo 10 selecionados na amostra final do estudo. Os genes identificados se encontram principalmente nos cromossomos X e 20 em determinados loci. O gene Receptor de Andrógenos (AR) é o mais estudado, além de seu upstream (EDA2R) e downstream (OPHN1), enquanto também foram descritos e estudados polimorfismos através de GWAS, e detectados os mais característicos, como o rs12565725, no cromossomo 1, rs929626 no cromossomo 5 e o rs756853 no cromossomo 7; além do locus cromossômico 20p11. Outros genes foram relacionados também, como o EBF1 e o HDAC9. Entretanto, os estudos apresentados não se mostram conclusivos e reforçam que análises mais aprofundadas são necessárias.
Dependências de Substâncias Psicoativas: Um Estudo sobre a Representação Social do Dependente e do Tratamento / Dependencies of Psychoactive Substances: A Study on the Social Representation of Dependent and Treatment
Authors: Oliveira Aislan José , Ferro Luiz Roberto Marquezi , Rosa Diego Gantes , Rezende Manuel Morgado , Watanabe Adriano Luís Alves
Published: March 2019

Introdução: A busca de entendimento sobre os processos da saúde e do adoecer é uma história de construções de significados sobre a natureza, as funções e a estrutura do corpo e ainda sobre as relações corpo-espírito e pessoa-ambiente. Essas significações têm sido “transformadas” ao longo dos tempos, constituindo diferentes representações na cultura, bem como aspectos sociais, políticos, religiosos e científicos dentre outros. Objetivos: O presente trabalho visa uma revisão histórica da literatura objetivando entender inicialmente como se construiu  a representação social do dependente químico e posteriormente como isso influencia na propostas de intervenções no âmbito do tratamento. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva, exploratória e de revisão bibliográfica. Foram consultadas as bases de dados: Scielo, Pepsic, LILACS e BVS considerando publicações que abordassem de forma os objetivos desta pesquisa. Resultados: Foram selecionados 27 referências bibliográficas que ajudaram a responder aos objetivos desta pesquisa. Discussão: Foi possível perceber que a forma de pensar e entender a origem e evolução das dependências de substâncias psicoativas transitam entre as esferas biológica, psicológica e social até uma origem pecaminosa e de criminalidade e que historicamente duas áreas disputam a hegemonia no campo das dependências de substâncias psicoativas: a Medicina e a justiça.  Conclusões: O entendimento sobre das intervenções  a dependência de substâncias psicoativas no Brasil inicialmente não foram entendidas como problema de saúde e sim como um problema de segurança pública e tiveram por muitas décadas todas suas estratégias de ação voltadas a esse foco, sendo então carregadas e permeadas de interpretações morais, legais e posteriormente médicas, sugerindo as origens de algumas incoerências encontradas nas políticas públicas do tema na atualidade.
Maus-Tratos Infantis: lesões que podem ser identificadas por Cirurgiões-Dentistas / Child Abuse: Lesions that can be identified by Dentists
Authors: Costa Cecília Correia , Mania Taiomara Vieira
Published: March 2019

Os maus-tratos infantis representam um grave problema de saúde pública. Os profissionais de saúde, em especial os cirurgiões-dentistas, possuem um importante papel na identificação dessas lesões por manterem contato direto com a criança vítima. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi revisar a literatura científica buscando as lesões relacionadas ao AFI que podem ser identificadas pelo cirurgião-dentista, ressaltando o papel desses profissionais na detecção e notificação de casos suspeitos. Foram pesquisados artigos científicos, em inglês e português, disponíveis nas bases de dados PUBMED, Scielo e Google Acadêmico. Utilizaram-se como descritores: maus-tratos infantis, cirurgião-dentista, pessoal de saúde. Os resultados demonstraram que a negligência e o abuso físico são as mais frequentes injurias encontradas contra a criança. O cirurgião-dentista pode identificar várias lesões orais como hematomas, lacerações de lábio, fraturas, avulsões, equimoses, queimaduras, arranhões e lacerações de freio lingual e bucal. Os sinais surgem preferencialmente na região da língua, dos lábios, do palato duro ou mole, da gengiva, do freio labial ou da mucosa. Esta revisão torna-se útil por auxiliar os profissionais de saúde na compreensão dos sinais e sintomas que evidenciam situações de maus-tratos infantis.
Estesioneuroblastoma: um tumor heteróclito da oncologia clínica / Esthesioneuroblastoma: A Heteroclite Tumor of Clinical Oncology
Authors: Medeiros Maria Clara Rodrigues Lima , Nascimento Caio Andrade , Moraes Laysa Andrade Almeida , Silva Igor Marcelo Castro e
Published: March 2019

O estesioneuroblastoma é um tumor raro originário no epitélio olfativo sem um tratamento estabelecido. A combinação de ressecção craniofacial (RCF) e radioterapia (RT) parece associar-se aos melhores resultados. A quimioterapia (QT) é geralmente reservada a tumores localmente avançados. O grau histológico, o estadio e a presença de metástases cervicais têm sido correlacionados com o prognóstico. Descreve-se o caso de um paciente de 23 anos com um tumor diagnosticado em estadio C de Kadish, com extensão aos seios paranasais, rinofaringe e infiltração intracraniana. O paciente foi submetido à biópsia, com anátomo-patológico e imunohistoquímica compatíveis com Neuroblastoma olfatório, grau II de Hyams.
Politicamente Correto: Análise do Sentido de Pessoa com Deficiência em Matéria do Jornal O Globo / Politically Correct: Analysis of the Meaning of the Person with Disabilities in an article of Jornal O Globo
Authors: Leal Raísa Ribeiro , Ventura Adilson
Published: March 2019

Esse trabalho é um recorte da dissertação de mestrado intitulada “O sentido de pessoa com deficiência em jornais de grande circulação em comparação ao Estatuto da Pessoa com Deficiência”.  Neste artigo,apontamos a desconstrução do politicamente correto através de mecanismo de análise da Semântica do Acontecimento. Para tanto, são desenvolvidas análises de determinados enunciados a fim de demonstrar que o sentido não é fixo e como essa análise dos sentidos pode contribuir para uma ação que aqui denominamos Ética.
Empreendedorismo Familiar: Como esse Modelo de Gestão pode Afetar a Empresa / Family Entrepreneurship: How this Management Model Can Affect the Company
Authors: Campos Suzana Siebra Alves , Saraiva Piedley Macedo
Published: March 2019

Os empreendimentos familiares possuem grande relevância no cenário mundial, tanto no setor econômico que afeta diretamente a elevação do PIB, como socialmente para geração de empregos diretos. Este assunto vem sendo abordado com grande ênfase no mercado brasileiro, pois 90% das empresas ativas no Brasil são familiares e contribuem para o crescimento do país. O objetivo do presente artigo foi identificar a influência familiar na gestão do negócio e como elas podem afetar seu desempenho no mercado. A metodologia envolveu pesquisa bibliográfica exploratória de abordagem qualitativa. Os resultados levaram a crer que as empresas familiares são empreendimentos viáveis, porém que necessitam de uma gestão voltada para a descentralização do poder e, de um planejamento estratégico que considere a sucessão da empresa no mercado.
A Influência do Marketing Digital no Perfil de Consumo da Geração Y / The Influence of Digital Marketing on the Generation Y Consumption Profile
Authors: Oliveira Thallita Pâmela Pinho de , Saraiva Piedley Macedo
Published: March 2019

A tecnologia avança mais a cada dia, estamos sempre nos deparando com inovações tecnológicas em todos os setores e segmentos da sociedade. Todas essas inovações possuem um importante papel, principalmente no que diz respeito a formação do jovem no espaço social, seus hábitos de consumo, modo de pensar e até mesmo seu comportamento. O presente trabalho visa aprofundar através da pesquisa o estudo sobre os impactos que os aspectos do meio digital podem causar nos jovens da geração “y”, já que os mesmos viveram na época de transição onde a internet, que antes de um elemento complementar de informação, passou a ter um papel quase fundamental no funcionamento da sociedade que forma o mundo atual.
Youth solidarities in graffiti tourism
Authors: Kuzovenkova Yuliya A.
Published: March 2019

The study was performed using the solidarity approach proposed by E. L. Omelchenko. The term "solidarity" is convenient to study the contemporary developments in youth culture as it does not require a direct interaction of subjects, the unity of time and space in which they act. The aim of the work is to study the features of solidarity formation among street artists in graffiti tourism. The empirical material is the case study of Samara street artist Art Abstractov, who has many years of experience in graffiti tourism.

The author identifies two stages in the organization and implementation of graffiti tourism: on-line and off-line stages. Considering the first stage, the author describes the role of electronic resources in the development of the street art culture: blog electronic databases, specialized sites such as Art Crimes, 149 St., graffiti.org, Ekosystem, ViVaCity.ru, Petrograff.ru, Vltramarine, social networks such as Livejournal, VKontakte, Facebook, Instagram, Tumblr, image hosting sites such as Flickr, Pinterest, etc. The paper examines the specifics of social networking among street artists at the international level and the nature of solidarity in the virtual space between the street artists not personally known to each other.

The second stage of graffiti tourism is considered as a form of consolidation of solidarities among street artists from different countries. The author describes the role of the host and the benefits that the tourist gets from such trips. The author comes to the conclusion that solidarity is transformed into other forms of social communities over time and helps to enter a new social environment.
An early Byzantine Pseudepigraphon: the Apocryphal Acta Barnabae
Authors: Cairns Francis
Published: March 2019

This paper treats the fifth-century AD apocryphal Acta Barnabae (= ABarn). § I sets out briefly the consensus view of ABarn’s main aim - to establish the autocephaly of the Cypriot Church by endowing it with an apostolic founder, Barnabas, in a text modelled on Acts which affects to be contemporary with Acts and to be the work of John Mark. § II examines ABarn’s detailed interactions with Acts, its foregrounding of Barnabas over Paul, and its centralising of Cyprus in early Christianity; ‘itinerary style’ is highlighted as a prominent feature of ABarn’s striving for verisimilitude. § III treats ABarn’s use of further ‘novelistic’ strategies for the same purpose; they mostly draw on topoi, but sometimes arguably on personal knowledge of Cyprus. § IV reflects on ABarn’s curious downgrading of its inscribed author, John Mark. This is attributed to the anti-Monophysite stance of the fifth-century (Orthodox) Cypriot Church towards both the Antiochene and Alexandrian Patriarchates.
Quench Cooling Performance–Hardness Correlation for AISI 1045 and 1090 Steels
Authors: Nayak U. V. , Prabhu K. N.
Published: March 2019

Heat transfer and microstructure evolution during quenching of AISI 1045 and 1090 steels in vegetable oils was investigated. To simulate the industrial quench heat treatment, reference probes made of medium and high carbon steels were quenched, and heat flux transients were estimated by taking into account the phase transformation. The cooling curves obtained with reference probes made from AISI 1045 and AISI 1090 steels showed kinks indicating enthalpy change accompanied with phase transformations during continuous cooling. This was reflected in the estimated heat flux curves. The section thickness effect on heat flux transients was examined by using probes of diameters 25 mm and 50 mm. The cooling rates measured at various locations across the section diameter of reference probes were related to the hardness using the quench factor technique. The heat transfer characteristics of the quench media, the evolved microstructure, and the resulting hardness were in complete agreement.
Aproximación a las prácticas ciudadanas en la escuela: el caso del colegio Fernando González Ochoa de la localidad de Usme (Bogotá, Colombia)
Authors: Gómez Rodrigo
Published: March 2019

En el presente estudio se hace una aproximación a la comprensión de las prácticas ciudadanas escolares de los estudiantes de noveno grado jornada tarde del colegio Fernando González Ochoa, ubicado en la localidad quinta de Bogotá (Colombia). Metodológicamente se fundamenta en un estudio cualitativo con enfoque hermenéutico-interpretativo, a través de observación participante, entrevistas semiestructuradas y grupos focales.  Se identifican como principales dimensiones de las prácticas ciudadanas escolares: la participación, la convivencia, el sentido de pertenencia, la identidad, el reconocimiento de sí mismo y de los otros, los derechos y las responsabilidades dentro de lo que implica ser joven hoy en el contexto social, cultural, político, económico y educativo del sector de Usme, así como de sectores vulnerables de la ciudad. Esta población juvenil en contexto escolar actúa de acuerdo con su realidad inmediata siendo permeados por los medios de comunicación, además de la familia y sus pares, que les permite establecer nuevas formas de interacción, que los diferencia de los adultos y son una muestra de las nuevas maneras de interrelación, comunicación y de participación ciudadana.
Maironio Pavasario balsų (1895–1927) leksikos redagavimas
Authors: Venckienė Jurgita
Published: March 2019

[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English]

During period of 1895–1927, Maironis prepared and published five editions of Pavasario balsai: they were published in 1895, 1905, 1913, 1920 and 1927. Over the course of more than thirty years, which yielded the first and the last editions, the concept and the usage of Standard Lithuanian language has changed. In the last decade of the 19th century, the norms of Standard Lithuanian have not yet been set, and still varied much in the beginning of 20th century. Therefore, it is understandable that Maironis revised the language of each edition, taking into account the changing usage and the recommendations of linguists his congenials.

The goal of this research is to find out how Maironis edited the lexis of Pavasario balsai. Analyzed are those lexis revision cases that were potentially affected by the process of the development of the standard language. This aspect of Maironis’s poetry has not been analyzed so far. The analysis of the editions of the lexis of Maironis’s Pavasario balsai shows that some words, which, in the course of the development of standard language, began to be treated as ineligible, were refused by Maironis; other words were amended in a not-as-continuous manner, the author perhaps not being sure about their usage. A certain part of the borrowed lexis, which was even not recommended for usage, was still used by Maironis.

The editions of the lexis of Pavasario balsai and the way foreign words were changed into Lithuanian equivalents do not only reveal Maironis’s attitude to the emergence of lexis norms but also illustrate the changing concept of a standard language and the emergence of lexis norms.
Perkūno ir aitivaro etimologijos
Authors: Ostrowski Norbert
Published: March 2019

[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English]

The present paper consists of two parts. The first one is dedicated to the etymology of the Lithuanian noun perkūnas (“thunder, thunderbolt”). According to the author, perkūnas is a derivative with a possessive suffix -Hon- / -Hn from the IDE *perkwu-s (“oak”). The second part concerns the origin of the Lithuanian aitvaras (“supernatural being,” OLith. aitvaras). The analyzed noun is an instance of the so-called Caland system in the Baltic languages, and it traces back to the older compound word with the meaning *“being bestowed with flaming power.”
Ar XVII a. latvių kalbos žodynai – patikimi senųjų reikšmių aiškinimo kelrodžiai?
Authors: Trumpa Anta
Published: March 2019

[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English]

This paper analyzes two of the 17th century Latvian dictionaries – the Lettus by Georgius Mancelius and the dictionary manuscripts of Christopher Fürecker from the end of the 17th century. The task of the paper: based on the experience gained working with the Historical Dictionary of the Latvian Language, to try and determine how reliable the translations of the meanings found in the 17th century dictionaries are and to what extent can they be used for determining the meanings in the historical dictionary.

Examples included in the Historical Dictionary of the Latvian Language are divided into several groups depending on the following aspects: 1) Whether a word of the Latvian language or its German translation is or is not commonly used nowadays; 2) Whether the meaning of these words have or have not changed to the present day. Within each group, one or more examples are considered, including a possible explanation of the meaning of the word in the Historical Dictionary of the Latvian Language.

Based on the examples given, it was concluded that, despite some unequivocal mistakes of explanation of the meaning, in most cases, the explanations of the meanings of the words in the dictionary of G. Mancelius and the manuscripts of the dictionary of K. Fürecker are given correctly, as evidenced by the use of the corresponding words in the related texts. It is more difficult to judge in cases when one must rely solely on dictionaries, the German translations of words, because the German language has also changed significantly since the 17th century; the old Latvian dictionaries contain obsolete words specific to the Baltic German language. In such cases, the historical dictionaries of the German language, dialect dictionaries, as well as the dictionary of the Baltic-German language, are helpful in understanding the word meanings. Consequently, many translations that originally seem like mistakes of the authors of the 17th century dictionaries, however, turn out to be correct after a more in-depth study and a careful analysis of the linguistic circumstances of that respective period.
Samuelio Boguslavo Chylinskio Naujasis Testamentas: leksikografiniuose šaltiniuose nepaliudyti žodžiai ir jų reikšmės
Authors: Thies Felix
Published: March 2019

[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English]

This article collects all words in Chyliński’s translation of the New Testament that are not attested in the lexicographical sources (contemporary, historical and holistic dictionaries) of the Lithuanian language and analyzes their meaning based on context and etymology.
Medical student perceptions of their knowledge and skills in pharmacology in their first and final clinical years
Authors: Bullock Shane , Leversha Anne
Published: March 2019

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Medical student perceptions of their knowledge and skills in pharmacology in their first and final clinical years were investigated. An online survey investigated qualitative and quantitative data. Resources that the students relied on to support their knowledge in this area included pharmacists and the Australian Medicines Handbook. Suggested areas for curriculum review include having more formal teaching in this area and having more prescribing practice.
Sensing and monitoring for assessment of rainfall-induced slope failures in residual soil
Authors: Rahardjo Harianto , Satyanaga Alfrendo
Published: March 2019

Real-time monitoring can be used to assess the effect of climatic conditions on slope stability. However, this can be costly. There is therefore need for a methodology to select critical slopes for stability monitoring using comprehensive field instrumentation throughout the year. In this study, the Transient rainfall infiltration and grid-based regional slope stability (TRIGRS) model was used to generate a slope susceptibility map (SSM) of Singapore. This model was selected as it can incorporate unsaturated soil properties in spatial analyses of water infiltration and factor of safety (FoS) calculations. Available studies on establishing SSMs by incorporating unsaturated soil mechanics principles are limited and most focus on mountainous areas. This paper presents relatively new research on the development of a SSM for a densely populated area like Singapore. The study area was limited to residual soil from Bukit Timah Granite in Singapore. TRIGRS helped to determine zones that are highly susceptible to failure; the instrumentation can be used to monitor high-risk areas during dry and rainy periods. A selected slope was instrumented with tensiometers, moisture sensors, piezometers and a rain gauge, all connected to a data logger for real-time monitoring. The changes in pore-water pressure and soil moisture with time during wet and dry periods were used for slope stability analyses. FoS variations over time can be used to assess slope stability, especially during periods of heavy rainfall.
Lateral torsional buckling of ultra-high-performance fibre-reinforced concrete girders
Authors: Lee Keesei , Andrawes Bassem , Lee Jeonghwa , Kang Young Jong
Published: March 2019

Ultra-high-performance fibre-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) is a relatively newly developed construction material that not only has high compressive strength (greater than 150 MPa), but also high tensile strength (10–20 MPa). The use of UHPFRC enables the design of slender structural members; hence, instability could become a major governing failure mode. However, the estimation of buckling strength for a concrete structure is not easy, owing to its material characteristics. In this paper, the lateral torsional bucking behaviour and strength of ultra-high-performance concrete I-beams are discussed. A methodology is introduced to obtain the effective moment of inertia of UHPFRC I-beams, considering tensile cracks. By using the effective moment of inertia, the linear elastic buckling strength can be calculated. In addition, the inelastic lateral torsional buckling behaviour is investigated through finite-element analysis. A generalised buckling strength curve with a slenderness parameter is discussed. As a result, the limitations for classification of compact and non-compact members are defined, and lateral torsional buckling strength equations are suggested for a simply supported UHPFRC I-girder subjected to centre point loading. Several experimental studies were also conducted, and the results are applied to verify the final results.
Experimental study of wind loads on typical single-circuit transmission towers
Authors: Zhang Qinghua
Published: March 2019

Owing to the vast difference in geometries between a superstructure and a lattice body, the typical transmission towers tested in this study were divided into three sections: the superstructure, the body and the leg section. Individual high-frequency force-balance tests were performed on two types of superstructures and on a lattice body. Variations in the mean and root mean square force coefficients with varying wind incidence angles were investigated. The experimental results were compared with existing codes and the results of previous studies. Based on analyses of the power spectral density and coherence of the wind forces, the mechanisms producing the wind loads acting on the lattice structures are discussed. The results indicate similar magnitudes of the along-wind, across-wind and torsional dynamic wind loads on the superstructures. In contrast, the dynamic wind forces on the lattice body primarily act in the along-wind and across-wind directions, with a negligible torsion effect. The across-wind force and torsional moment on the lattice tower is likely produced by a large-scale wake induced by interference among the wakes of the lattice members.
Hybrid seismic control of buildings using tuned mass and magnetorheological dampers
Authors: Bhaiya Vishisht , Bharti Shiv Dayal , Shrimali Mahendra Kumar , Datta Tushar Kanti
Published: March 2019

The use of magnetorheological (MR) dampers in combination with other control devices in a hybrid mode to enhance the control of the seismic responses of building structures is a subject of topical interest. This paper reports on the development of hybrid control schemes using different combinations of MR and tuned mass dampers (TMDs) to control the earthquake responses of building frames. The performance of the hybrid control schemes was evaluated by comparing the results with those of purely semi-active control schemes using three and four MR dampers consecutively placed in the bottom storeys of the frame. For the comparison, responses were obtained using four control strategies, namely a linear quadratic regulator with a clipped algorithm, passive-on, passive-off and a newly developed control strategy called velocity tracking control, which is especially suitable for partially observed states. The study showed that a maximum increase of 40–45% control of response could be achieved using a combination of a TMD and fewer MR dampers.
Aproximación a una Conceptualización de la Supremacía Constitucional a partir de la Jurisprudencia de la Corte Suprema de los EE. UU
Authors: Sulbaran Álvarez Héctor Mario
Published: March 2019

El propósito del presente artículo es analizar la irrupción del neoconstitucionalismo, buscando definir un postulado ínsito en este: el principio de supremacía constitucional a partir de la jurisprudencia del máximo tribunal estadounidense, así como en simultanea se examina el fundamento jurídico-político del activismo judicial propio del referenciado paradigma.

Se enmarca el tópico dentro de sus fronteras originarias: el derecho anglosajón, al mismo tiempo que se relaciona tangencialmente con el ordenamiento normativo colombiano en gracia a su tácito impacto en su estructura, máxime en su sistema de fuentes al tornarse como tendencia sucesora del fenómeno tradicional positivista.

Se empleó como método la revisión documental del estado del arte a través de la búsqueda selectiva en bases de datos y el estudio de la literatura tratante de la temática, información procesada a través de fichas de revisión analítica (FRA), fichas bibliográficas y de lectura, así como de análisis jurisprudenciales estandarizados.

Se conceptúa el principio de supremacía constitucional desde las principales doctrinas, previamente identificadas, suscitadas en el sistema administrativo federal estadounidense, concretamente del desarrollo del quehacer de la administración de justicia: las nociones del principio de supremacía constitucional en estricto sentido, la libertad de expresión y la hegemonía de raza, como constantes en el devenir de la Corte Suprema Estadounidense.

Por último, se sienta una postura frente al sustrato posibilitador de la practica judicial como contenedor de los otros brazos del Estado y su auto-atribución para el ejercicio de las políticas públicas con fundamento en la supremacía constitucional.
La mujer como objeto de representación hasta principios del S.XX
Authors: Vicente de Foronda Pilar
Published: March 2019

La historia del arte se nos ha vendido como una verdad absoluta e imposible de modificar y cuestionar. En ese artículo se centra en la utilización de la imagen de la mujer que la historia del arte occidental dominante ha llevado a cabo a lo largo de veinte siglos, desde las venus esteatopigias al fetichismo de los prerrafaelitas o las mujeres art decó, hay una utilización de los cuerpos de las mujeres para construir el imaginario colectivo sobre estas imágenes. Este artículo aspira a plantear como esta utilización va moviéndose a lo largo de la historia para favorecer los intereses de la clase dominante y facilitar de esta manera el sometimiento de las mujeres.
Feminismo como indicador de coherencia revolucionaria. Una aproximación al feminismo en el movimiento 15M
Authors: Galdón Corbella Carmen
Published: March 2019

Este artículo expone los principales elementos de una investigación que aborda la interacción entre movimientos sociales que, en apariencia, abogan por una sociedad más justa e igualitaria, y el feminismo. Muestra como la eclosión del Movimiento 15M, y en especial la Acampada de Sol y las comisiones feministas que surgen en su seno, representan una oportunidad, que difícilmente se volverá a repetir, para profundizar en esto, así como para reflexionar, desde dentro, sobre el movimiento feminista de nuestro país. Desde una lógica acorde con la proclama “la revolución será feminista o no será” esgrimida por las integrantes de la Comisión de Feminismos Sol (CFS), que sitúa al feminismo en el centro como indicador de coherencia revolucionaria, este texto analiza el carácter feminista y, por tanto, revolucionario del 15M, al tiempo que aborda cuestiones tales como el futuro y el relevo generacional en el contexto de movimiento feminista actual.
Reseña: Subirats, M. (2013). Forjar un hombre, moldear una mujer.
Authors: Rodríguez Rodríguez Felicidad
Published: March 2019

“Forjar un hombre, moldear una mujer” es un libro de divulgación científica de la investigadora Marina Subirats que pertenece al campo de las Ciencias de la Educación y los Estudios de las Mujeres y de Género. Se publicó por primera vez en 2013 por la Editorial Aresta: Aresta mujeres, y posteriormente, en el 2014 se editó en formato digital por la Editorial UOC.

Con esta reseña se pretende rescatar y poner en valor esta excelente obra de la profesora Marina Subirats, aunque somos conscientes de que es una publicación antigua para reseñarla, sigue suscitando el interés y la validez sigue siendo igual de significativa en esta época que estamos viviendo, en la que todo parece tornarse más confuso y enmascarado, y que dificulta aún más si cabe la detección de aquello que se reproduce una y otra vez hasta la saciedad y que se encuentran totalmente normalizados en nuestras vidas, los roles de género. Hoy en día estas normas y preceptos siguen reproduciéndose y transmitiéndose en todos los ámbitos de las personas y como bien nos evidencia Subirats, los vamos aprendiendo mediante las palabras, los juguetes, etc., desde muy temprana edad y que siguen dificultando el desarrollo vital de las personas, y en última instancia derivan hacía una violencia sin precedentes, con el pretexto de exaltar una masculinidad, que ansía el dominio sin consideración ninguna por la vida.
Reseña: Mirabilia, P. (2011). La coeducación en la Escuela del siglo XXI.
Authors: Fernández Sánchez Andrea
Published: March 2019

Reseña de: P. Mirabilia (2011). La coeducación en la Escuela del siglo XXI. Madrid: Catarata.
Caracterização dos casos notificados de violência interpessoal e autoprovocada
Authors: Reis Ana Lígia Fernandes , Oliveira Sônia Aparecida da Cruz , Espolador Gabriela Martins , Werneck Alexandre Lins
Published: March 2019

O artigo teve como objetivo caracterizar casos de notificações de violência. Este é um estudo quantitativo, com delineamento descritivo, de corte transversal, realizado com dados do Sistema de Informações de Agravos de Notificação, considerando dados do ano de 2015 da cidade de São José do Rio Preto, SP. Foram elaboradas tabelas considerando-se padrão de análise de significância de p<0,05, com nível de confiança de 95%. Houveram registros de 1.698 casos, das quais 71,2% no sexo feminino. A violência física acometeu 54,4% e a negligenciada 34,3%. A idade de 0- 9 anos representaram 81,9% da negligenciada, com maior ocorrência em 69% na residência. A mãe, seguida do pai foram os principais agressores nas idades de 0-9 anos (68,8%) e (31,4%) e, de 10-19 anos (28,4%) e (15%). Alto grau de incidência da própria pessoa - autoprovocada (67,9%), (20-39-40) anos ou mais. Encaminhados para o Conselho Tutelar nas faixas etárias de 0-9 anos (84,2%), e 10-19 anos (61,8%), e entre 20-39 anos ao atendimento à mulher e Delegacia da Mulher em 44% e 52% respectivamente. A pesquisa mostrou a necessária articulação e organização entre as redes de apoio e mais pesquisas destacando as questões das violências por ciclos de vida para elaboração de ações de prevenção e controle.