bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Motions of Dark Matter
Authors: Helfer H. L.
Published: July 2019

The absence of dark matter (DM) in stars is interpreted as an important constraint on its allowable kinematics rather than implying extremely small cross sections. A model for the motions of DM particles in the vicinity of stars and spiral galaxies is developed assuming internal motions in a DM particle can couple to its translational motion. A DM particle having rapid “spin” must move in a tight helix around its guiding center world line, in a manner similar to an ion moving in a magnetic field. Compared to ordinary matter particles, DM particles cannot enter deep gravitational wells because their total angular momentum is too high. Numerical examples seem reasonable. It is very doubtful that this DM can be found in the solar system, or be present in stars or protostars, or be found in the interior regions of galaxies.
Triple-lens Gravitational Microlensing: Critical Curves for Arbitrary Spatial Configuration
Authors: Daněk Kamil , Heyrovský David
Published: July 2019

Since the first observation of triple-lens gravitational microlensing in 2006, analyses of six more events have been published by the end of 2018. In three events the lens was a star with two planets; four involved a binary star with a planet. Other possible triple lenses, such as triple stars or stars with a planet with a moon, are yet to be detected. The analysis of triple-lens events is hindered by the lack of understanding of the diversity of their caustics and critical curves. We present a method for identifying the full range of critical curves for a triple lens with a given combination of masses in an arbitrary spatial configuration. We compute their boundaries in parameter space, identify the critical-curve topologies in the partitioned regions, and evaluate their probabilities of occurrence. We demonstrate the analysis on three triple-lens models. For three equal masses the computed boundaries divide the parameter space into 39 regions yielding nine different critical-curve topologies. The other models include a binary star with a planet, and a hierarchical star–planet–moon combination of masses. Both have the same set of 11 topologies, including new ones with doubly nested critical-curve loops. The number of lensing regimes thus depends on the combination of masses—unlike in the double lens, which has the same three regimes for any mass ratio. The presented approach is suitable for further investigations, such as studies of the changes occurring in nonstatic lens configurations due to orbital motion of the components or other parallax-type effects.
An Investigation on the Origin of Centaurs’ Color–Inclination Relation
Authors: Liu Po-Yen , Ip Wing-Huen
Published: July 2019

Since its discovery, there has been a debate in the past few decades on the origin of the bimodal color distribution of Centaurs. Two theories have been proposed to explain this bimodal color distribution: (1) evolutionary processes resulting in changes of the surface properties of Centaurs, and (2) compositional differences inherited from the source region of Centaurs. Interestingly, Centaurs also show a correlation between their orbital inclinations and colors such that blue and red Centaurs tend to be characterized by high and low inclination distributions, respectively. In this study, these two hypotheses are investigated, and it is found that hypothesis (2) is more likely to be the origin of the color–inclination relation of Centaurs assuming that the scattered Kuiper Belt objects (SKBOs) also have a color–inclination relation, and this relation is statistically preserved when they evolved into Centaurs. This hypothesis is further justified by performing numerical simulations on 158 observed Centaurs and 82 observed SKBOs. Finally, it is suggested that the “outside-in” external photoevaporation happening during the early stage of the solar system might be related to the puzzling color–inclination relation observed in Centaurs and, possibly, other trans-Neptunian object subgroups.
Super-Eddington Accretion Disks around Supermassive Black Holes
Authors: Jiang 姜 燕 Yan-Fei 飞 , Stone James M. , Davis Shane W.
Published: July 2019

We use global three-dimensional radiation magnetohydrodynamical simulations to study accretion disks onto a

black hole with accretion rates varying from

to

. We initialize the disks with a weakly magnetized torus centered at either 50 or 80 gravitational radii, leading to self-consistent turbulence generated by the magnetorotational instability (MRI). The inner regions of all disks have radiation pressure ∼104–106 times the gas pressure. Nonaxisymmetric density waves that steepen into spiral shocks form as gas flows toward the black hole. Maxwell stress from MRI turbulence can be larger than the Reynolds stress only when the net vertical magnetic flux is sufficiently large. Outflows are formed with a speed of ∼0.1–0.4c. When the accretion rate is smaller than

, outflows are launched from ∼10 gravitational radii, and the radiative efficiency is ∼5%–7%. For an accretion rate reaching

, most of the funnel region near the rotation axis becomes optically thick, and the outflow is launched from beyond 50 gravitational radii. The radiative efficiency is reduced to 1%. We always find that the kinetic energy luminosity associated with the outflow is at most ∼15%–30% of the radiative luminosity. The mass flux in the outflow is ∼15%–50% of the net mass accretion rates. We discuss the implications of our simulation results on the observational properties of these disks.
Description of a new species of cynopoeciline killifish (Cyprinodontiformes, Aplocheilidae), possibly extinct, from the Atlantic Forest of south-eastern Brazil
Authors: Costa Wilson J. E. M.
Published: July 2019

Specimens found between 1985 and 1988 in the Magé River Basin, south-eastern Brazil were misidentified asL.splendens. The recent rediscovery of other specimens in the Estrela River Basin near the type locality ofL.splendenshas clarified the species’ concept, making it possible to recognise the Magé River Basin specimens as a new species. The new species is herein described asLeptopanchaxsanguineussp. nov.and is distinguished from all other cynopoecilines by a unique colour pattern in males, including red bars with sinuous margins. It was collected in a well-preserved, temporary shallow swampy area within dense moist forest, but since 1990 the species has not been found again.Leptopanchaxsanguineussp. nov.is one of three species of cynopoeciline killifishes living in lowland moist forests of the coastal plains of Rio de Janeiro State, where the greatest diversity of endemic cynopoecilines is concentrated. Each of these species has been recorded a single time in the last 30 years, a surprisingly low record attributable to intense deforestation during the last several decades resulting in small fragmented lowland moist forests of today. This study indicates that seasonal killifishes adapted to uniquely live in this kind of habitat should be regarded with special concern in studies evaluating conservation priorities.
The X of Representation: Rereading Stuart Hall
Authors: Marriott David
Published: July 2019

This essay is a study of the notion of representation – its relation to difference, politics, diaspora, otherness, truth, and doxa – within Stuart Hall's work. The reevaluation of this concept in terms of dialectics and différance, or of blackness and innocence, is
shown to be an abiding preoccupation of Hall's work. In particular, because blackness (or its notion) is never innocent, this essay explores the consequences of a certain undecidability that attends any encounter between representation and difference. And it is this X – its shaping of
black meaning and life – that alerts us to an unsettling tension in Hall's work that no knowledge or encounter can fill and that leads to a purely negative reassessment of the racial imperatives of certain truths.
Ancestral T Cells in Fish Require mTORC1-Coupled Immune Signals and Metabolic Programming for Proper Activation and Function
Authors: Wei Xiumei , Ai Kete , Li Huiying , Zhang Yu , Li Kang , Yang Jialong
Published: July 2019

T cells suddenly appeared in jawed fish ∼450 million years ago. Biological studies of fish T cells may provide helpful evidence to understand evolution of adaptive immune systems. To this end, using a Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) model, we revealed the regulatory mechanism of adaptive immunity mediated by ancestral T cells in jawed fish. Nile tilapia T cells as well as a tightly regulated mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway participate in the cellular adaptive immune response during Streptococcus agalactiae infection. Blockade of mTORC1 signaling by rapamycin impairs T cell activation and Ag-induced proliferation in this early vertebrate. More critically, we show that signals from mTORC1 are indispensable for primordial effector T cells to eliminate infection by promoting the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, cytotoxic-related molecules, and proapoptotic genes. Mechanistically, teleost mTORC1 directs effector T cell function by coordinating multiple metabolic programs, including glycolysis, glutaminolysis, and lipogenesis through activating key transcription factors c-Myc, HIF-1α, and sterol regulatory element–binding proteins, and thus links immune signals to metabolic reprogramming in jawed fish. To our knowledge, these results represent the first description of the regulatory mechanism for T cell–mediated adaptive immunity in a fish species. From an evolutionary viewpoint, our study suggests that primordial T cells are armed with sophisticated regulatory strategies like those in modern T cells prior to the divergence of bony fish from the tetrapod lineage. Therefore, our findings fill in an important gap regarding evolution of the adaptive immune system.
Knowledge and practices of eye health professionals about the availability and accessibility of child eye care services in the public sector in Swaziland
Authors: Sukati Velibanti , Moodley Vanessa R. , Mashige Khathutshelo P.
Published: July 2019

Background: International and African rights instruments stipulate that children have the right to access quality general and eye health care. Lack of access to quality eye care can have a significant negative impact on the child, family and society in general.Aim: To determine the knowledge and practices of eye care professionals about the availability and accessibility of child eye care services in the public sector in Swaziland.Setting: The study was conducted in Swaziland.Methods: This was a quantitative study design, and 15 public eye health professionals completed and returned the Questionnaire for Eye Health Professionals (QEHP).Results: Thirteen (86.7%) eye health practitioners reported that both standard practice guidelines and paediatric national guidelines for ophthalmic services were unavailable. The majority (66.7%) identified cost and unawareness of available services by parents as the most common barrier to accessing eye care services. Nine (60%) felt that they were less informed about eye health problems and 6 (40%) reported being well informed. Eight (53.3%) respondents indicated that there were no outreach programmes and 7 (46.7%) reported that their clinics offered these services. Thirteen (86.7%) eye health practitioners indicated that they were not part of teachers’ training for supporting visually impaired children, while 2 (13%) reported that they were.Conclusion: Formulation of guidelines to support eye health care service delivery in Swaziland is essential in order to improve availability, accessibility, affordability and effectiveness in the public health system.
Operating cost efficiency of different size sectional title development schemes
Authors: Oberholzer Merwe , Van der Westhuizen Gert , Smit Christiaan
Published: July 2019

The purpose of the study was to estimate the relative efficiency of different sizes of residential Sectional Title Development Schemes (STDSs) in order to minimise operating costs. Since area (m2) and the number of units in an STDS were found to be equally important drivers of operating costs, data envelopment analysis was used to estimate the efficiencies of a sample of 113 STDSs where the two measures of size were used as output variables and six categories of operating costs were used as input variables. It is evident that smaller STDSs tend to be more efficient in minimising operating costs than larger STDSs. Furthermore, it is also evident that economies of scale generally do not exist. The main limitation was that the role of a categorised scale of basic housing (lower market) or the scale of luxurious housing (upper market) was not considered.
A critical analysis of the current SARS model for the disclosure of reportable arrangements and a proposed alternative
Authors: Steenkamp Lee-Ann , Cramer Peter
Published: July 2019

The reportable arrangements (RA) provisions are contained in sections 80M to 80T of the Income Tax Act. SARS issued a revised Draft Guide on 31 March 2010, which contains a model for the application of these provisions. However, due to numerous discrepancies and ambiguities contained in the Act and the guide, the interpretation of these provisions could be subjective and difficult to apply in practice. Failure to disclose a RA may result in a R1 million penalty. It is the purpose of this paper to develop an alternative, workable model to serve as a usable guide for taxpayers. This paper comprises a literature review and a study of empirical evidence obtained through a survey conducted among tax partners at a sample of 40 leading audit and legal firms. The majority of respondents considered the alternative model to be more accurate, user-friendly and helpful than SARS’ model.
JSE efficiency and share price reaction to forced financial restatements
Authors: Watson Shaun , Rossouw Jacobus
Published: July 2019

This study uses an event study methodology to empirically examine share price reaction to financial restatement announcements resulting from investigations or recommendations by the GAAP Monitoring Panel and tests, in semi-strong form, the efficiency of the Johannesburg Securities Exchange (JSE). The results indicate that companies making such financial restatement announcements experience significant negative standardised abnormal returns ten days before and five days subsequent to the announcement. As evidenced by the significant negative standardised abnormal returns, it would appear that the announcements convey new information to the market. Although the lack of consecutive negative standardised abnormal returns around the announcement date would suggest that the JSE is efficient in semi-strong form, the five-day time lag between the announcement date and the significant negative standardised abnormal return supports the rejection of semi-strong form efficiency of the JSE.
Mutuality and regulation: The transition from mutual to public in the South African longterm insurance industry
Authors: Verhoef Grietjie
Published: July 2019

The mutual structure of various financial institutions has changed internationally, especially during the late 1980s and early 1990s. Various explanations have been offered. Some commentators argue the mutual organisational form has become redundant, others consider structural changes in the financial services industry as the main reason for organisational changes. In the United Kingdom the stronger emphasis on profitability had a profound impact on the decision to demutualise many building societies. In the USA the failure of mutual savings and loan associations resulted in demutualisation as a rescue strategy. This paper will explore the specific circumstances in South Africa of the changes in the mutual organisational form of building societies and insurance companies. The mutual form of organisation has a long history in South Africa. This paper will explore the reasons for the early choice of mutuality and the recent forces leading to the demutualisation of companies in order to list as public entities on stock exchanges, both in South Africa and abroad. South Africa experienced varying degrees of international isolation and sanctions, but, in the financial services industry, a strong international connection was sustained. The South African experience will be considered against the international changes in the financial services industry as well as the regulatory changes in South Africa. The paper will explain the peculiar South African conditions as the context for the organisational changes in South African mutual.
Real age-adjusted life expectancy
Authors: Palmer Duncan , Krige Niel
Published: July 2019

This study summarises the development of a model to determine an individual’s adjusted life expectancy based on his Real Age. The model incorporates aspects such as gender, residing province, income, HIV status, ethnic background, weight, exercise, family illness history, stress, substance abuse and diet. Predicting life expectancy is vital in retirement planning for two reasons: 1) given the diverse nature of South Africa, the national average life expectancy cannot be applied to everyone; and 2) retirement duration forms a vital part in the retirement planning process. Retirees can make more informed financial investment decisions based on their Real Age, thus increasing the probability of having sufficient funds during retirement. Three representative examples of South African Real Age-adjusted life expectancies were simulated, predicting life expectancies of 67, 72 and 87 years, notably different from the 50 year average South African life expectancy.
Sustainability in education: An evaluation of a new teaching and learning strategy in chartered accountancy studies – A student perspective
Authors: De Lange Riëtte , Marx Ben , Van der Watt Alex
Published: July 2019

Sustainability has been described as the primary moral and economic imperative of the twenty-first century and one of the most important sources of both opportunities and risks for businesses. From an educational perspective, sustainability could be related to enhancing accurate, reliable and relevant teaching and learning in an ever-changing and evolving educational, economic and social landscape. The objective of the paper is twofold: it aims, firstly, to provide a brief overview of the higher education landscape and drivers for change in accounting education and the need for sustainable teaching and learning; and, secondly, it aims to provide evidence of the implementation of a new teaching and learning strategy in accountancy education programmes at a large SAICA-accredited residential higher education institution. This was done through a literature review and supported by empirical evidence obtained from questionnaires completed by the honours student group in chartered accountancy of the stated institution. The study found that, although initially new to students, the teaching and learning approach was well accepted and eventually created an environment conducive to teaching and learning. It was also found that students marks improved, which resulted in higher throughput rates.
An analysis of the tax implications of prospecting expenditure incurred by junior exploration companies in South Africa
Authors: Sturdy Joline , Cronjé Christo
Published: July 2019

One of the consequences of the change in the mineral policy of South Africa with the promulgation of the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act 28 of 2002 was the increase in junior exploration companies. Junior exploration companies are mainly involved in prospecting activities. No definition exists for either prospecting or exploration in the Income Tax Act 58 of 1962 (Income Tax Act). The lack of research and case law on the tax treatment of prospecting expenditure by junior exploration companies may result in various interpretations for the treatment of prospecting expenditure. Through critical analysis of specific sections in the Income Tax Act, applicable case law and relevant literature, it is evident that there are different interpretations by junior exploration companies of the treatment of prospecting expenditure from an income tax perspective. The perceived challenges with interpretation of the tax treatment of prospecting expenditure by junior exploration companies create an opportunity for further research.
BP’s use of posture to respond to the Deepwater Horizon crisis
Authors: Goosen-Botes Vida L. , Samkin Grant
Published: July 2019

This paper focuses on the posture the oil company BP adopted when faced with a legitimacy crisis during one of the worst environmental disasters in history. Against a backdrop of a discussion of the rhetorical aspects of image repair discourse and organisational legitimacy, Hearit’s strategy of corporate apologia was employed to determine the posture BP adopted in relation to the crisis. This paper adds to the literature on image repair strategies by heeding a call by Hearit for the context within which corporate apologia takes place to be taken account of, an approach that warrants a distinct line of research. The literature was further extended by complementing Hearit's strategy with semiotics and analysing its use in both the annual and sustainability reports. The additional focus on the sustainability reports is important, due to the high premium placed on sustainability in the changing business environment. On a practical level this paper contributes to an understanding of how organisations use sustainability reports to respond to legitimacy challenges.
Productivity, technical progress and scale efficiency in Indian manufacturing: Post-reform performance
Authors: Kleynhans Ewert , Pradeep Valarmathi
Published: July 2019

This article studies the effects of the economic reforms on the Indian manufacturing industries. Data Envelopment Analysis was used to estimate technical and scale efficiency changes after the 1991 reform initiatives. The estimates suggest, however, that the efficiency of manufacturing industries declined during the post-reform era. The variations are different across industries, and the findings demonstrate the importance of technological progress for improving manufacturing efficiency and productivity in India.
The relationship between CEO compensation and company performance in a South African context
Authors: Bradley Samuel
Published: July 2019

The goal of this research was to determine, in a South African context, whether there is any correlation between chief executive officer compensation and the performance of the company. For the purposes of the research, the compensation of chief executive officers was broken down into three components: salary, bonus and ‘other’ remuneration, while company performance was measured on return on equity, return on assets and earnings per share figures. Data in respect of the forty largest listed companies in South Africa were collected over a period of five years. The results of this study indicate that there is no linear relationship between chief executive officer compensation and company performance variables. The econometric models did, however, show correlations between certain variables, taking into account the other predictor variables in the model. Evidence of correlations between age, experience and compensation was also found.
The co-movement between copper prices and the exchange rate of five major commodity currencies
Authors: Le Roux Corlise , Els Gideon
Published: July 2019

In this study, the relationship between movements in the exchange rates of five commodity currencies (Australia, Canada, Chile, China, and South Africa) in terms of the United States Dollar (USD) and the spot USD copper price was analysed. Correlation and regression analysis (including the use of lagged variables) was used to investigate these relationships. It was found that four of the five commodity currency exchange rates have a strong co-movement relationship with copper price (i.e. the Australian Dollar, Canadian Dollar, Chilean Peso, and the South African Rand). The only exchange rate that does not have a co-movement relationship with copper prices is the Chinese Yuan. This article is based on a master’s minor dissertation study.
Fetal movements in mid-pregnancy and their relationship to neonatal competency
Authors: Irwin-Carruthers S. H.
Published: July 2019

The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between fetal movement and neonatal behaviour, as well as to compare the fetal movement patterns and neonatal competencies of black and white infants.The sample for the pilot trial consisted of 12 mothers and their infants, selected at between 10 and 12 weeks of gestational age. The black sample and part of the white sample was drawn from the low-risk population attending the booking clinic of St Monica’s Hospital; the rest of the white mothers were drawn from the private sector. Nine mothers satisfied the criteria throughout the trial. Two had to be excluded when their pregnancies were terminated and a third was excluded due to epilepsy.Fetal movement was recorded by ultrasound scanning at 20/52 gestational age, recorded on videotape. All infants were born at full term by normal vertex delivery. The Brazelton neonatal behavioural assessment scale (BNBAS) was performed between 12 and 36 hours post-birth. This assessment was also videotaped.Test-retest reliability for counting and classifying fetal movements was established at 99,45(SF=1.05). Sequential and isolated movements predominated and the proportion of sequential and isolated movements was related to the total number of fetal movements. Higher FM scores were also related to more optimal scores on the BNBAS in the neonatal period. The black infants tended to show more mature patterns of fetal movement than white infants. The black infants also scored better on the BNBAS in relation to optimal postural tone, motor maturity and good orientation/alertness. The number of subjects in the pilot trial was too small for statistical analysis, but the results justify continuation of the main trial.
Relationships between the neck, the tempero-mandibular and the teeth
Authors: Mallen Franne
Published: July 2019

No abstract available
The Pastoral Epistles
Authors: Bray Gerald L.
Published: July 2019

This commentary offers verse-by-verse theological interpretation of first and second Timothy. Bray reads the letters as authoritative scripture, moving beyond questions of whether they are pseudonymous, and of whether or not they are post-apostolic, and looking closely at how they have been understood in the life of the Church.Bray engages with the history of commentary, from the fathers to contemporary theology and exegesis. He reads the epistles as the authoritative word from God to his people, and through his engagement with the history of interpretation shows the constant thread of witness and confession that unites believers across the ages. So-doing, Bray shows why the Pastoral Epistles have survived the passage of time and have retained the canonical authority that they have always enjoyed
A Director’s Guide to the Art of Stand-up
Authors: Head Chris
Published: July 2019

Stand-up: it’s the ultimate solo art form. Yet, behind the scenes, you will increasingly find the shadowy figure of a director. For comics themselves and for those who support them, this is the first book to give the director’s perspective on creating and performing stand-up comedy. Drawing on his own experience of directing stand-up alongside speaking to comedians and their directors, Chris Head produces a revealing perspective on the creative process, comic persona, writing stand-up, structuring material and delivering a performance.

Directors interviewed include Logan Murray, John Gordillo and Simon McBurney, who between them have directed Eddie Izzard, Michael McIntyre, Milton Jones, Lenny Henry and French & Saunders. With a foreword by BBC arts editor Will Gompertz and contributions from many other interviewees including Oliver Double (author of Getting the Joke), this is the only book that goes all the way from one-liners to theatre via comedy club sets and full-length shows.

Perfect for stand-ups from newbies to pros, students of comedy, academics studying and teaching stand-up and for directors themselves, A Director’s Guide to the Art of Stand-up offers hundreds of inspiring practical insights and shows how creating the comedian’s highly personal, individual act can be a deeply collaborative process
Shakespeare in the Global South
Authors: Young Sandra
Published: July 2019

Contemporary adaptations of Shakespeare’s plays have brought into sharp focus the legacies of slavery, racism and colonial dispossession that still haunt the global South. Looking sideways across the Atlantic and Indian Oceans to nontraditional centres of Shakespeare practice, Shakespeare in the Global South explores the solidarities generated by contemporary adaptations and their stories of displacement and survival. The book takes its lead from innovative theatre practice in Mauritius, North India, Brazil, post-apartheid South Africa and the diasporic urban spaces of the global North, to assess the lessons for cultural theory emerging from the new works.

Using the ‘global South’ as a critical frame, Sandra Young reflects on the vocabulary scholars have found productive in grappling with the impact of the new iterations of Shakespeare’s work, through terms such as ‘creolization’, ‘indigenization’, ‘localization’, ‘Africanization’ and ‘diaspora’. Shakespeare’s presence in the global South invites us to go beyond familiar orthodoxies and to recognize the surprising affinities felt across oceans of difference in time and space that allow Shakespeare’s inventiveness to be a part of the enchanting subversions at play in contemporary theatre’s global currents.
The Life of Training
Authors: Matthews John
Published: July 2019

In The Life of Training, John Matthews offers an accessible and original contribution to the philosophy of training for performance, building on his previous works Training for Performance (2011) and Anatomy of Performance Training (2014).

With chapters on the seven characteristics of biological life - reproduction, stimulation, heritability, adaptation, growth, organisation and homeostasis - Matthews combines his unique approach with elements of Hannah Arendt’s mature philosophy to reach surprising and essential conclusions about the role time plays in training practices, and about the function of training practices in producing time and its tenses.

Ideal for readers seeking to understand the relationship between training practices and human experience, on and off stage, or for teachers looking for a new, innovative approach to performance.
Faith and Struggle in the Lives of Four African Americans
Authors: Jelks Randal Maurice
Published: July 2019

In 1964, Muhammad Ali said of his decision to join the Nation of Islam: “I know where I’m going and I know the truth and I don’t have to be what you want me to be. I’m free to be what I want to be.”

This sentiment, the brash assertion of individual freedom, informs and empowers each of the four personalities profiled in this book. Randal Maurice Jelks shows that to understand the black American experience beyond the larger narratives of enslavement, emancipation, and Black Lives Matter, we need to hear the individual stories. Drawing on his own experiences growing up as a religious African American, he shows that the inner history of black Americans in the 20th century is a story worthy of telling.

This book explores the faith stories of four African Americans: Ethel Waters, Mary Lou Williams, Eldridge Cleaver, and Muhammad Ali. It examines their autobiographical writings, interviews, speeches, letters, and memorable performances to understand how each of these figures used religious faith publicly to reconcile deep personal struggles, voice their concerns for human dignity, and reinvent their public image. For them, liberation was not simply defined by material or legal wellbeing, but by a spiritual search for community and personal wholeness.
Steampunk
Authors: Nally Claire
Published: July 2019

What is steampunk? Fashion craze, literary genre, lifestyle - or all of the above? Playing with the scientific innovations and aesthetics of the Victorian era, steampunk creatively warps history and presents an alternative future, imagined from a nineteenth-century perspective.

In her interdisciplinary book, Claire Nally delves into this contemporary subculture, explaining how the fashion, music, visual culture, literature and politics of steampunk intersect with theories of gender and sexuality. Exploring and occasionally critiquing the ways in which gender functions in the movement, she addresses a range of different issues, including the controversial trope of the Victorian asylum; gender and the graphic novel; the legacies of colonialism; science and the role of Ada Lovelace as a feminist steampunk icon. Drawing upon interviews, theoretical readings and textual analysis, Nally asks: why are steampunks fascinated by our Victorian heritage, and what strategies do they use to reinvent history in the present?
Cross Veneration in the Medieval Islamic World
Authors: Tieszen Charles
Published: July 2019

One of the most common religious practices among medieval Eastern Christian communities was their devotion to venerating crosses and crucifixes. Yet many of these communities existed in predominantly Islamic contexts, where the practice was subject to much criticism and often resulted in accusations of idolatry. How did Christians respond to these allegations? Why did they advocate the preservation of a practice that was often met with confusion or even contempt? To shed light onto these questions, Charles Tieszen looks at every known apologetic or polemical text written between the eighth and fourteenth centuries to include a relevant discussion. With sources taken from across the Mediterranean basin, Egypt, Syria and Palestine, the result is the first in-depth look at a key theological debate which lay at the heart of these communities' religious identities. By considering the perspectives of both Muslim and Christian authors, Cross Veneration in the Medieval Islamic World also raises important questions concerning cross-cultural debate and exchange, and the development of Christianity and Islam in the medieval period.

This is an important book that will shine much needed light onto Christian-Muslim relations, the nature of inter-faith debates and the wider issues facing the communities living across the Middle East during the medieval period.
The Actor’s Career Bible
Authors: Ostlere Rob
Published: July 2019

The Actor’s Career Bible is a practical guide to building an acting career. Based on a huge range of interviews with actors of all backgrounds at every level of the profession, industry experts, key organisations, casting directors, agents, producers, directors and many others, this guide covers all the essentials as well as sharing exclusive inside knowledge.

Whether you’re a recent graduate, a young actor or an experienced professional, The Actor’s Career Bible will help you kick-start or reinvigorate your career in an industry famous for its high levels of competition. This in-depth guide will show you how to cope with the pressures and strains of being an actor and offers easy-to-follow advice on how to improve your chances of success.
Contemporary Women Stage Directors
Authors: Marty Paulette
Published: July 2019

Contemporary Women Stage Directors opens the door into the minds of 27 prolific female theatre directors, allowing you to explore their experience, wisdom and knowledge.

Directors give insight into their diverse approaches to the key challenges of directing theatre, including choosing projects, engaging with scripts, conceptualizing visual and acoustic production elements, collaborating with actors and production teams, building their careers, and navigating challenges and opportunities posed by gender, race, and ethnicity.

The directors featured include Maria Aberg, May Adrales, Sarah Benson, Karin Coonrod, Rachel Chavkin, Lear deBessonet, Nadia Fall, Vicky Featherstone, Polly Findlay, Leah Gardiner, Anne Kauffman, Lucy Kerbel, Young Jean Lee, Patricia McGregor, Blanche McIntyre, Paulette Randall, Diane Rodriguez, Indhu Rubasingham, KJ Sanchez, Tina Satter, Kimberly Senior, Roxana Silbert, Leigh Silverman, Caroline Steinbeis, Liesl Tommy, Lyndsey Turner, and Erica Whyman.

These women are making profoundly exciting theatre in some of the most influential organizations across the English-speaking world—from Broadway to the West End, from the National Theatre in London to Center Theatre Group in Los Angeles. As generally mid-career professionals, they are informed by both their hard-earned expertise and their forward-looking energy. They offer astute observations about the current state of the art form, as well as inspiring visions of what theatre can accomplish in the decades to come.
Social Housing in Performance
Authors: Beswick Katie
Published: July 2019

This book explores the ways that council estates have been represented in England across a range of performance forms. Drawing on examples from mainstream, site-specific and resident-led performance works, it considers the political potential of contemporary performance practices concerned with the council estate. Depictions of the council estate are brought into dialogue with global representations of what Chris Richardson and Hans Skott-Myhre call the ‘hood’, to tease out the specific features of the British context and situate the work globally.

Katie Beswick’s study provides a timely contribution to the ongoing national and global interest in social housing. As the housing market grows ever more insecure, and estates are charged with political rhetoric, theatre and socially engaged art set or taking place on estates takes on a new potency. Mainstream theatre works examined include Rita, Sue and Bob Too and A State Affair at the Soho Theatre, Port at the National Theatre, and DenMarked at the Battersea Arts Centre. The book also explores the National Youth Theatre’s Slick and Roger Hiorns’ Seizure, as well as community-based and resident led performances by Fourthland, Jordan McKenzie, Fugitive Images and Jane English.
Sound Works
Authors: Schulze Holger
Published: July 2019

What is sound design? What is its function in the early twenty-first century and into the future?

Sound Works examines these questions in four parts: Part 1, "Why That Sound?", presents an overview of the modern history of sound design. Part 2 is highly visual and provides a glance onto a sound designer's workbench and the current state of "Sonic Labor." Part 3 uses cultural analysis to explore our contemporary "Living with Sounds." The final and fourth part then proposes a series of anthropological and political interpretations of how”Sound Works” today.

This book is not a manual on sound design; it instead argues for a cultural theory of sound design for sound designers and sound artists, for clients who commission a sound design and for researchers in the fields of sound studies, design research, and cultural studies.
The History of American Literature on Film
Authors: Leitch Thomas
Published: July 2019

From William Dickson’s Rip Van Winkle films (1896) to Baz Luhrmann’s big-budget production of The Great Gatsby(2013) and beyond, cinematic adaptations of American literature participate in a rich and fascinating history. Unlike previous studies of American literature and film, which emphasize particular authors like Edith Wharton and Nathaniel Hawthorne, particular texts like Moby-Dick, particular literary periods like the American Renaissance, or particular genres like the novel, this volume considers the multiple functions of filmed American literature as a cinematic genre in its own right—one that reflects the specific political and aesthetic priorities of different national and historical cinemas even as it plays a decisive role in defining American literature for a global audience.
Documenting Syria
Authors: Wessels Joshka
Published: July 2019

Syria is now one of the most important countries in the world for the documentary film industry. Since the 1970s, Syrian cinema masters played a defining role in avant-garde filmmaking and political dissent against authoritarianism. After the outbreak of violence in 2011, an estimated 500,000 video clips were uploaded making it one of the first YouTubed revolutions in history.

This book is the first history of documentary filmmaking in Syria. Based on extensive media ethnography and in-depth interviews with Syrian filmmakers in exile, the book offers an archival analysis of the documentary work by masters of Syrian cinema, such as Nabil Maleh, Ossama Mohammed, Mohammed Malas, Hala Al Abdallah, Hanna Ward, Ali Atassi and Omar Amiralay. Joshka Wessels traces how the works of these filmmakers became iconic for a new generation of filmmakers at the beginning of the 21st century and maps the radical change in the documentary landscape after the revolution of 2011. Special attention is paid to the late Syrian filmmaker and pro-democracy activist, Bassel Shehadeh, and the video-resistance from Aleppo and Raqqa against the regime of President Bashar al-Assad and the Islamic State. An essential resource for scholars of Syrian Studies, this book will also be highly relevant to the fields of media & conflict research, anthropology and political science.
Getz Ice Shelf melt enhanced by freshwater discharge from beneath the West Antarctic Ice Sheet
Authors: Wei Wei , Blankenship Donald D. , Greenbaum Jamin S. , Gourmelen Noel , Dow Christine F. , Richter Thomas G. , Greene Chad A. , Young Duncan A. , Lee Sang-Hoon , Kim Tae-Wan , Lee Won Sang , Wåhlin Anna , Assmann Karen M.
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Antarctica's Getz Ice Shelf has been rapidly thinning in recent years, producing more meltwater than any other ice shelf in the world. The influx of freshwater is known to substantially influence ocean circulation and biological productivity, but relatively little is known about the factors controlling basal melt rate or how it is spatially distributed beneath the ice shelf. Also unknown is the relative importance of subglacial discharge from the grounded ice sheet in contributing to the export of freshwater from the ice shelf cavity. Here we compare the observed spatial distribution of basal melt rate to a new sub-ice shelf bathymetry map inferred from airborne gravity surveys and to locations of subglacial discharge from the grounded ice sheet. We find that melt rates are high where bathymetric troughs provide a pathway for warm Circumpolar Deep Water to enter the ice shelf cavity, and that melting is enhanced where subglacial discharge freshwater flows across the grounding line. This is the first study to address the relative importance of meltwater production of the Getz Ice Shelf from both ocean and subglacial sources.
Feminismo y escritura: los ensayos de Diamela Eltit
Authors: Cabrera Mario Federico David
Published: July 2019

En este artículo me propongo indagar en los ensayos de Diamela Eltit haciendo especial hincapié en dos tópicos: el feminismo y la escritura. Para ello, analizo un corpus de textos publicados en los libros los libros Emergencias (2000), Signos vitales (2008) y Réplicas (2016) a partir de tres operaciones ideológico- discursivas: la deconstrucción del cuerpo, la reconstruccion de genealogías literarias femeninas y la reflexión sobre la escritura. Sostengo, a modo de hipótesis, que la práctica ensayística de la autora constituye un ejercicio crítico a través del cual se convoca a una multiplicidad de voces para desnaturalizar y repensar los recorridos del cuerpo, la subjetividad y el lenguaje en el marco de las sociedades contemporáneas. El marco teórico- metodológico propende a articular conocimientos de los estudios culturales y de la crítica feminista. En este sentido, el trabajo pretende no solo explorar una faceta escasamente abordada dentro de los estudios en torno a Eltit sino también caracterizar las variaciones y tensiones referidas al feminismo y a la escritura que gravitan dentro de su producción literaria.
Diamela Eltit: la noción de periodismo tétrico, ideología y discurso en la prensa (neo) liberal chilena
Authors: Zalaquett Aquea Cherie
Published: July 2019

Este artículo analiza la historicidad del concepto de “periodismo tétrico”, formulado por la escritora Diamela Eltit, para designar un conjunto de prácticas comunicativas que componen el discurso  ideológico de la prensa liberal chilena. Las reflexiones de Diamela Eltit sobre el accionar del sistema de medios en Chile, se insertan en una tradición de estudios teóricos sobre la comunicación, iniciada a fines de la década del 60, que identificó las estrategias discursivas para construir la realidad social definida por la amenaza al orden social instituido, despojando de sentido a las demandas sociales. El artefacto conceptual periodismo tétrico, reactualiza el campo semántico del discurso periodístico liberal en la modernidad globalizada. Permite abarcar la emergencia de nuevos géneros periodísticos de representación de la realidad en clave “espectacular”, sobre la base de la función alegórica del mito, la violencia simbólica y los efectos de realidad. El periodismo tétrico es una operación discursiva que reproduce en las noticias la desigualdad estuctural del sistema, y más aún, fragmenta esta desigualdad en oposiciones binarias que omiten lo ominoso del contexto social en que emergen los sucesos noticiados. De este manera, provoca una desconección sintática entre el sujeto de la noticia, el relato social que la envuelve y el predicado que la nomina.
Multicultural Literacy, Epistemic Injustice, and White Ignorance
Authors: Catala Amandine
Published: July 2019

The traditional blackface character Black Pete has been at the center of an intense controversy in the Netherlands, with most black citizens denouncing the tradition as racist and most white citizens endorsing it as harmless fun. I analyze the controversy as an utter failure, on the part of white citizens, of what Alison Jaggar has called multicultural literacy. This article aims to identify both the causes of this failure of multicultural literacy and the conditions required for multicultural literacy to be possible. I argue that this failure of multicultural literacy is due to hermeneutical injustice and white ignorance. I close by considering possible avenues for fostering multicultural literacy.
Three Hypotheses for Explaining the So-Called Oppression of Men
Authors: Higgins Peter
Published: July 2019

Are men oppressed as men? The evidence given in support of affirmative responses to this question usually consists in examples of harms, limitations, or requirements masculinity imposes on men: men are expected to pay on dates, men must be breadwinners for their families, men can be drafted for war, and so forth. This article explicates three hypotheses that account for the harms, limitations, and requirements masculinity imposes on men and, drawing on the work of Alison Jaggar, seeks to show that these hypotheses collectively are explanatorily superior to the hypothesis the men are oppressed as men.