bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN ROLE PLAYING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA DALAM MENGGALI INFORMASI DARI DONGENG BINATANG (FABEL) PADA SISWA KELAS II SDN PARANG 4 KEDIRI
Authors: JANAH DINA FATKHUL
Published: October 2021

Based on data obtained by researchers at SDN Parang 4, Banyakan sub-district, it was found the fact that there was a low level of activity and student learning outcomes in the material of digging information from animal tales (Fable).. In addition to this in everyday learning the teacher only conveys the material conventionally. Teachers only tend to give monotonous lectures and do not use learning models when carrying out learning in the classroom. Student activity is also very low, because when the teacher gives practice questions to students there are some students who just sit and don't seem eager to learn. The purpose of this research is toto find out the Application of the Role Playing Method for mimprove student activity and learning outcomes in dig up information from animal tales (Fables). The approach used is qualitative research with Classroom Action Research (CAR) design, with stages: 1) planning, 2) implementation, 3) observation, 4) reflection. This research is planned to last for 2 cycles, each cycle 2 meetings with thematic learning materials. Based on the results of research in the implementation of the first cycle of student learning completeness reached 50% and in the second cycle of student learning completeness increased to 91.60%. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the Role Playing learning model can increase student activity and learning outcomes in extracting information from animal tales (fables) in class II SDN Parang 4, Banyakan District.
MENGHADIRKAN TEKS-TEKS AUTENTIK DALAM KELAS BIPA DARING
Authors: Setyaningrum Rooselina Ayu
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Indonesian that taught as the foreign language in BIPA (Indonesian for Foreigners) classes and its authenticity are inseparable. Authenticity is related to the originality. In the context of BIPA learning, the authenticity can be presented in class activities related to contexts and real experiences, for examples students are asked to shop at the market, practice to bargain, practice to use public transportations, practice how to introduce themselves, interview native speakers, and many other authentic tasks. However, what makes it challenging today is that BIPA students cannot come directly to Indonesia and the learning process should be conducted online. Nonetheless, the authenticity can be still presented in authentic texts, not only in written but also in spoken. In addition, texts have complete thinking structures and understandings. Before presenting them in the class, teachers should understand the texts, situation context, culture context, authenticity, and types of text. The author also analyzes Graduate Competency Standards (SKL) of BIPA to identify types of text based on student’s level. 

Keywords: texts, situation contex, culture contex, authenticity, types of texts
PENGEMBANGAN MULTIMEDIA LITERASI BERBASIS PENDIDIKAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP UNTUK PEMBELAJARAN MENULIS RESENSI SISWA SMA
Authors: Karona Arenda Tri , Dewi Putri Kumala
Published: October 2021

Abstrak

Hasil observasi dan wawancara ditemukan kendala pada KD resensi. Terbukti dari hasil meresensi siswa yang berbeda dan kurangnya penguasaan kemampuan menulis resensi. Permasalahan lain yang ditemukan adalah kurangnya pembahasan mengenai PLH. Namun, belum adanya media pembelajaran yang mendukung visi misi dari sekolah. Multimedia dikolaborasikan dengan literasi memiliki tujuan untuk membantu siswa dalam peningkatan daya kritis dan aktif. Selama kegiatan pembelajaran literasi yang dilakukan di sekolah siswa masih kurang mengikuti langkah literasi dengan benar. Dari pengembangan media ini akan menjawab rumusan masalah dan tujuan yang berhubungan dengan kelayakan isi, bahasa, dan sistematika penyajian. Penelitian ini berjenis pengembangan menggunakan metode ADDIE. Hasil penelitian ini (1) aspek kelayakan isi, tujuan pembelajaran ditampilkan serta disesuaikan dengan literasi. (2) aspek kelayakan bahasa, setiap bacaan paragraf bertemakan PLH serta menggunakan kalimat efektif dan disusun menggunakan diksi sesuai tema PLH, (3) aspek kelayakan sistematika penyajian, pemilihan warna lebih berfariatif, penambahan petunjuk, dan jenis ukuran gambar, (4) praktisi, pengecekan penulisan ejaan pada kalimat dan paragraf, (5) uji coba skala kecil dan besar, materi sudah lengkap.
KESANTUNAN BERBAHASA DALAM FILM “SEJUTA SAYANG UNTUKNYA” KARYA HERWIN NOVIANT: KAJIAN PRAGMATIK
Authors: Putikadyanto Agus Purnomo Ahmad , Hannarisa Siti
Published: October 2021

This study aims to determine how the representation of the characters' speech in the film "Sejuta Sayang Untuknya" directed by Herwin Noviant, especially in the aspect of language politeness. This research method uses qualitative methods with a pragmatic approach. The source of research data is the film “Sejuta Sayang Untuknya”, directed by Herwin Noviant. The data technique used was listen and note. The data studied is based on maxims which are generally followed to show politeness towards the interlocutor. The maxims used are the maxim of generosity, the maxim of appreciation, the maxim of simplicity, the maxim of consensus, and the maxim of sympathy.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA KELAS VIRTUAL BERBASIS BLOGSPOT DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MEMBACA CERPEN BAGI SISWA KELAS IX
Authors: Prasetya Citra Ika , Mulyaningtyas Rahmawati
Published: October 2021

Learning of reading short stories currently requires media that are in accordance with technological developments. In addition with distance learning because of the Covid-19 pandemic, learning media is needed that supports the target of reading short stories learning. Therefore, this research develops a learning media called Virtual Class. This research aims to (1) develop a learning media called Virtual Class in learning of reading short stories; (2) describe the results of the effectiveness trial of using Virtual Class media in learning of reading short stories for IX grade. This research uses a development method that adapts the waterfall model. The development procedure begins with needs analysis, design, testing, and usage. Data collection techniques used in this research are observation and interview techniques. Data are analyzed using interactive techniques. The results of the research indicate that the Virtual Class media is an effective learning media in learning of reading short stories. In addition, the Virtual Class media contains content/material, a clear display presentation, and practice questions. So, Virtual Class media can be used as an alternative media for learning of reading short stories for grades IX via online. According to media experts, there are several things that must be improved from this media, including (a) improving greetings in the introduction to learning; (b) improve the use of language again because there are still errors in writing capital letters in the material on the blog; (3) the material should be added with examples.
Improvement of the computational method for determining the cryoscopic temperature of functional ice cream mixtures
Authors: Korolev I. A. , Tvorogova A. A. , Sitnikova P. B.
Published: October 2021

Nowadays the functional ice cream production keeps developing. Due to that the traditional composition of the ice cream is amended. In case of substitution of the low molecular weight nutrients (sucrose, lactose and mineral salts of dry skimmed milk residue) with technologically functional nutrients, it changes the cryoscopic temperature, which influences the parameters of production process, in particular the temperature of the ice cream getting from the freezer. In this regard, the problem of calculating the cryoscopic temperature of ice cream mixtures has become acute, since it is not possible to find this parameter experimentally at all food enterprises. While calculating the cryoscopic temperatures on the basis of existing reference data, in some cases the authors encountered a significant (more than 0.5 °C) deviation of the calculation results from the experimental data. In order to establish the cause of these deviations, the authors analyzed aqueous solutions of sucrose, fructose, trehalose, erythritol, maltodextrin, polydextrose, sorbitol, glucose-fructose syrup, dry glucose syrup, inulin in concentrations that provide for the cryoscopic temperatures of solutions within the range from 0 °C to minus 6 °C. The cryoscopic temperature of the solutions was measured by an osmometer-cryoscope, and the conventional molecular weight of the substances was calculated on the basis of Raoult ratio, taking into account the high molecular weight substances and admixed impurities. It was shown that the values of the conventional molecular weight for trehalose and sorbitol solutions differ by more than 15% from the values of chemically pure substances due to presence of low molecular weight monomers in their composition. The presented experimental data on the conventional molecular weight values can be used for calculation of cryoscopic temperature of various types of mixtures used for ice cream production. As an example of application of obtained clarified values of conventional molecular weights, this article provides a method for calculation of cryoscopic temperature of low sucrose and sucrose-free ice cream mixtures, as well as a comparison of the calculation results with experimentally obtained data.
Influence of different milk-clotting enzymes on the process of producing soft cheeses
Authors: Myagkonosov D. S. , Smykov I. T. , Abramov D. V. , Delitskaya I. N. , Krayushkina V. N.
Published: October 2021

The effect of the type of milk clotting enzyme (MCE) on the duration of milk coagulation, parameters of the composition of whey and cheeses, and the output of cheeses in the production of soft cheese such as “Lyubitel'skiy” were investigated. Three brands of MCE of different origins were investigated: Marzyme® (MCE of microbial origin based on Rhizomucor miehei protease), Naturen® (calf rennet) and Chy-max® M (recombinant camel chymosin). It was established that MCEs had different ratios of milk clotting activity (MCA) to total proteolytic activity (PA). It was determined that the MCA/PA ratio, which characterizes the degree of specificity of the MCE action with regard to kappa-casein, in Chy-max M 1000 is ~7 times higher than that of Naturen and ~50 times higher than that of Marzyme. Such differences did not lead to a negative effect when using the Marzyme preparation in the production of soft cheeses. There were no statistically significant differences in the amount of dry matter loss of the curd into the whey, physicochemical parameters and output between the variants of cheeses made with the studied brands of MCE. Shorter duration of milk clotting (16.5 min) was observed with Marzyme than with MCE of Naturen (20.5 min) and Chy-max M (22.5 min). The results of the coagulation duration were explained by the stimulation of the activity of MCE of microbial origin, by the pH level of milk before coagulation (below pH 6.4). It was shown that modern MCEs of microbial origin could be recommended as a cost-effective replacement for more expensive rennet and recombinant chymosins in the production of soft and fresh cheeses.
Assessment of microstructural changes in processed products from green peas
Authors: Samoilov A. V. , Suraeva N. M. , Zaytseva M. V.
Published: October 2021

A demand for canned vegetables and fruit depend, first of all, on their consumer characteristics. These products should correspond to high requirements regarding their nutritional and biological value, as well as sensory properties. The aim of the work was to study the microstructural changes in the cells of green peas in the products of their processing. Fresh, frozen and canned peas made from fresh and rehydrated raw materials were used as objects of the research. Components such as chlorophyll and starch were characterized in the cells of the hypodermis and parenchyma, respectively, using light microscopy. It was found that plastids with chlorophyll stained in the bright green color were present only in cells of the hypodermis of frozen peas. Moreover, the same color of the pigment was also recorded in the samples of fresh peas. Appearance of brown hues in these cells was observed in the canned product from fresh peas, which was associated with transformation of chlorophylls into pheophytins and pyrophephytins. The hypodermis in the samples of canned peas from rehydrated raw materials was represented by almost colorless cells. When analyzing the preparations of the parenchymal cells of the indicated processed products stained with iodine, it was shown that starch grains in the samples of frozen and canned green peas from fresh raw materials maintained their concentric shape, while swelling of starch grains was observed in the stained preparations of the parenchyma of canned peas from rehydrated raw materials. The comparative microstructural analysis of processed products from green peas showed that maximum quality had the frozen product from fresh raw materials as the studied indicators (chlorophyll and starch grains) showed.
Аrterial stiffness and diastolic function of the left ventricle in patients with arterial hypertension and frailty
Authors: Fomina E. S. , Nikiforov V. S.
Published: October 2021

Introduction. Increased arterial stiffness is one of the key links in the formation of cardiovascular pathology in older age groups. At the same time, the effect of vascular stiffness on myocardial function in cardiac patients with frailty remains insufficiently studied.Aim of study. Тo analyze the data of arterial stiffness and diastolic function of left ventricle (LV) in patients older than 65 years with arterial hypertension and frailty.Materials and methods. The study included 90 outpatient and inpatient patients older than 65 years with the presence of arterial hypertension. All patients were divided into two groups: with the presence and absence of frailty. To identify frailty, we used the questionnaire “Age is not a hindrance”, a short battery of physical activity tests. Methods of volumetric sphygmometry, echocardiography, including tissue Doppler were used. The obtained data were analyzed using a package of statistical programs.Results. The results of a comparative simultaneous non-randomized descriptive study of two groups of patients are presented. The study found that the systolic function, diastolic dysfunction of the left ventricle by the type of slowing down of LV relaxation in both groups did not significantly differ in their indicators. In the group of patients with frailty, LV diastolic dysfunction was significantly more often detected by the type of pseudonormalization – with an increase in filling pressure. When analyzing data of arterial stiffness, differences were obtained in both groups in the left cardio-ankle vascular index (LCAVI), systolic blood pressure (LB SAD), pulse pressure (LB PD) in the left shoulder area, and the delta of average blood pressure in the left ankle area (LA% IDA), which were significantly higher in patients with frailty.Conclusion. In the group of patients with hypertension older than 65 years with frailty, a violation of the LV diastolic function by the  type of  pseudonormalization with an increase in  filling pressure prevails. An increase in  filling pressure in  the  group of patients older than 65 years with hypertension and the presence of frailty is associated with an increase in the complex of indicators characterizing arterial stiffness – the cardio-ankle vascular index, systolic blood pressure, pulse pressure in the left shoulder area, the delta of average blood pressure in the left ankle area.
Cardiovascular pathology in patients with newly diagnosed tuberculosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Bagisheva N. V. , Mordyk A. V. , Viktorova I. A. , Trukhan D. I.
Published: October 2021

Introduction.Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cardiovascular diseases (arterial hypertension, ischemic heart disease, chronic heart failure) are among the comorbid conditions that mutually aggravate each other. The addition of tuberculosis in this category of patients requires additional efforts from the doctor to improve treatment outcomes.Purpose.Тo assess the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease and chronic heart failure in patients with newly diagnosed tuberculosis hospitalized in an anti-tuberculosis hospital.Materials and methods.We examined 462 patients with newly diagnosed tuberculosis, hospitalized in a tuberculosis dispensary, aged 17 to 88 years, the median (Me (P25; 75) age was 43.68 (32.00; 54.00) years, including 266 men (57.6%) and 196 women (42.4%) All patients underwent clinical, laboratory, instrumental examination to establish or confirm the diagnosis.Results.The incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among patients with newly diagnosed tuberculosis was 31.4%, with arterial hypertension – 12.1%, coronary heart disease – 6.1%, chronic heart failure – 6.1%. The incidence of cardiovascular pathology in the group of tuberculosis + chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was 40%, in the group of tuberculosis without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 6%.Conclusions.The prevalence of comorbid cardiovascular pathology in patients with tuberculosis + chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is significantly higher than among patients with only tuberculosis, which requires the involvement of doctors of various specialties to manage this category of patients to prevent adverse treatment outcomes, disability and mortality.
The thickness of the ventricles and interventricular septum in males with overweight according to echocardiography
Authors: Martirosyan L. P. , Balandina I. A.
Published: October 2021

Introduction. Mortality from cardiovascular disease ranks first in the world. New and high requirements are required for the anatomical substantiation of emerging methods and methods of treatment. In modern literature, there are many publications on the issues of heart morphology, but data on the influence of gender, age, body weight on heart parameters are insufficient, fragmentary and often contradictory.Objective. To determine the thickness of the ventricles and interventricular septum in overweight men when performing echocardiography and to assess the presence or absence of the relationship of these parameters with age and body mass index (BMI) of the subjects. Patients and methods. The analysis of the protocols of ultrasound examination of the heart of 68 apparently healthy men of adolescence, the first and second periods of adulthood with a body mass index of 25.0–29.9 kg/m², with no pulmonary and cardiac pathology and the risk of cardiovascular diseases was carried out. Ultrasound examination was performed on an Aloka ProSound Alpha 6 ultrasound scanner. Results and discussion. When comparing the mean values of heart parameters in overweight men in three age groups according to the Kruskell – Wallis criterion, no statistically significant differences were found between the mean values (p > 0.05). Revealed a moderate strength relationship between the thickness of the anterior wall of the right ventricle with the age of the subject (r = 0.375; p = 0.020) and moderate strength relationship between the thickness of the posterior wall of the left ventricle and BMI (r = 0.352; p = 0.030).Conclusions. The  results of  the  study supplement the  information available in  the  scientific literature on the  thickness of  the  ventricles of  the  heart and the  interventricular septum in  healthy men with overweight in  three age groups. The data obtained will be useful to doctors of functional diagnostics when performing echocardiography in matters of differentiation between norm and pathology.
Prospects for the use of a fixed combination of bisoprolol and amlodipine in the treatment of patients with post-covid syndrome
Authors: Polyakova O. A. , Ostroumova O. D. , Mironova E. V. , Doldo N. M. , Listratov A. I. , Filippov A. V.
Published: October 2021

The new coronavirus infection COVID-19 from the moment of the first message to the present has spread rapidly in more than two hundred countries around the world, posing a serious threat to the life and health of the population. Most patients who have recovered from COVID-19 continue to complain of shortness of breath, increased fatigue, chest pain, palpitations and other symptoms. Currently, the presence of symptoms 12 weeks after the acute phase of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 is collectively referred to as post-covid syndrome. Studies have shown that this syndrome occurs frequently in recovered patients with COVID-19, regardless of their age and severity of the disease. This feature significantly distinguishes post-covid syndrome from other syndromes after an infection, and therefore the study of the mechanisms of its development, methods of diagnosis and treatment is an important public health problem. Particular attention is paid to patients with comorbidities, especially those with hypertension and cardiovascular diseases, since they have a more severe outcome after infection and higher case mortality rate. The current drug regimens for patients with post-covid syndrome and concomitant diseases are symptomatic. The most common manifestations of post-covid syndrome from the cardiovascular system are an increase in blood pressure and heart rate. In this regard, this review discusses the prospects for the use of a fixed combination of bisoprolol and amlodipine in the treatment of patients with post-covid syndrome, accompanied by an increase in blood pressure and heart rate.
Features of atherosclerosis in carotid and coronary arteries
Authors: Konstantinova E. V. , Bogdanova A. A. , Sagatelyan A. A. , Kovaikin A. I. , Pershina E. S. , Gilyarov M. Yu.
Published: October 2021

Atherothrombosis is a leading cause of myocardial infarction and ischemic atherothrombotic stroke. It represents a stage of atherosclerosis which is a pathologic process throughout the circulatory system. However, atherosclerosis has specific development characteristics in  different vascular beds. Multiple factors contribute to atherosclerosis formation and progression such as genetic factors, vessel hemodynamics, and vessel anatomy. A better understanding of differences in vessels would improve prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis and its complication. In this article we review features of atherosclerosis in carotid and coronary vessels. We discuss specific conditions of local hemodynamics in the areas of bifurcation which promote atherosclerotic plaque progression, and review characteristics of unstable plaques in carotid and coronary vessels. We analyze immunologic and inflammatory processes, extracellular matrix degradation and remodeling, cellular apoptosis and autophagy occurring during atherosclerotic plaque destabilization as well as the possibility of diffuse plaque instability in systemic atherosclerosis. We review association and interaction of  atherosclerotic processes in  coronary and carotid arteries, and its significance for a patient. Improvement in understanding of atherosclerosis pathogenesis can lead to advances in atherosclerosis prevention. Timely and effective interventions would promote prevention of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke which is highly important taking into account high mortality and morbidity rates.
Кlotho protein level in patients with myocardial infarction and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in relation to the number of stenosis
Authors: Voronina L. P. , Kespleri E. V. , Akhmineeva A. Kh. , Polunina O. S. , Kuzmichev B. Yu. , Polunina E. A.
Published: October 2021

Introduction. The clinical course and outcome in patients with comorbid pathology has a number of features that require further investigation. The investigation of biomarkers is important in this area as any change in their levels reflects the severity of pathogenetic changes and has prognostic value. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are one of the most frequently reported comorbid pathologies. This is due to a large number of common interrelated links of pathogenesis and risk factors.The aim of the study. To study and analyze, in a comparative aspect, the level of Klotho protein in patients with MI and patients with MI and COPD, in relation to the number of stenosis of coronary arteries (CA) according to coronary angiography.Materials and methods. 110 patients were examined, divided into two groups: the main group - patients with MI on the background of COPD (n = 60) and the comparison group – patients with MI (n = 50). Somatically healthy individuals (n = 30) were examined as a control group. Determination of Klotho protein level in plasma samples was carried out by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assayResults. It was found that in patients with MI and COPD, the level of Klotho protein was statistically significantly lower than in the control group and in patients with MI. The relationship between the Klotho protein level and lipid profile parameters was revealed in both patients with MI and patients with MI and COPD, with a greater strength of relationships in patients with comorbid pathology. It was also found that in the group of patients with comorbid pathology in individuals with lesions of one, two, three or more CA, the Klotho level was statistically significantly lower than in patients with MI with the corresponding number of affected CA.Conclusions. The results obtained prove the promise and the need for further study of the pathogenetic role of the Klotho protein level in patients with comorbid pathology.
8-year follow-up of a successful outcome of massive pulmonary embolism with cardiogenic shock
Authors: Semigolovskii N. Yu. , Mazurenko S. O. , Shabalina M. O. , Semigolovskii S. N.
Published: October 2021

Currently pulmonary embolism (PE) is already on the 3rd place in terms of the frequency of occurrence among vascular diseases, and there is a global trend towards an increase in its frequency. PE is also considered as the most common cause of preventable death in the hospital. In the countries of Europe, Asia and the USA, there is a tendency to reduce the cases of fatal PE due to the  use of  more effective conservative therapy, invasive interventions and following the  Recommendations. Since 2019, the European Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of PE have made the use of direct oral anticoagulants preferable in comparison with oral vitamin K antagonists.A case of massive PE in a 42-year-old patient developed in the specialized department of the hospital shortly after being transferred from the intensive care unit with verified PE of small branches (D-dimer, lung scintigraphy, Echo-cardiography) is presented. The debut of a massive PE in the form of a syncopal state with cardiogenic shock, required an urgent transfer of the patient to artificial lung ventilation, the use of vasopressors and systemic thrombolysis. During Echo-cardiography, a mobile blood clot was located in the right atrium. An emergency thrombectomy was performed from the pulmonary trunk and pulmonary arteries in conditions of artificial blood circulation, later a cava filter was installed. The features of anamnesis characteristic of PE (hormonal contraceptives), complaints (sudden shortness of breath, heaviness behind the sternum at admission) and concomitant pathology (drug-induced thyrotoxicosis) are analyzed.The  results of  the  subsequent 8-year follow-up without relapses of  PE are considered, the  feature of  which was the  use of Rivaroxaban as an anticoagulant and angiovit (B vitamins – 6, 9 and 12) for the correction of hereditary hyperhomocysteinemia. Risk factors and modern standards of treatment of massive PE in the acute period and in the long term are discussed.
Parameter optimization of AISI 316 austenitic stainless steel for surface roughness by Grasshopper optimization algorithm
Authors: Jawade Samidha , Kulkarni Omkar K. , Kakandikar G. M.
Published: October 2021

This article describes the optimization of processing parameters for the surface roughness of AISI316 austenitic stainless steel. While experimenting, parameters in the process like feed rate (fd), speed (vc), and depth of cut (DoC) were used to study the outcome on the surface roughness (Ra) of the workpiece. The experiment was carried out using the design of experiments (DOE) on a computer numerical control (CNC) lathe. The surface roughness is tested for three conditions i.e. Dry, Wet, and cryogenic conditions after the turning process. Samples are step turned on CNC Lathe for all three conditions with a set of experiments designed. The response surface methodology is implemented, and mathematical models are built for all three conditions. The nature-inspired algorithm is the best way to get the optimal value. For the discussed problem in the paper, nature-inspired techniques are used for obtaining the optimum parameter values to get minimum surface roughness for all set conditions. The Grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA) is the technique that is the most effective method for real-life applications. In this research, GOA is used to get optimum values for the surface roughness (Ra) at Dry, Wet and cryogenic conditions. Finally, results are compared, and it's observed that the values obtained from GOA are minimum in surface roughness value.
Effect of single and combined exposures to UV-C and UV-A LEDs on the inactivation of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli in water disinfection
Authors: Galezzo María-Angélica , Susa Manuel Rodríguez
Published: October 2021

A system consisting of one UV-A (365 nm) and two UV-C (265 nm) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) was built to evaluate the effect of single and combined exposures to UV-A and UV-C LEDs on Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli inactivation and subsequent reactivation. The dose was measured by actinometry using potassium ferrioxalate. Of laboratory prepared samples, 10 mL were irradiated for 20, 30, 45, 60 and 90 s. Logarithmic inactivation and percentages of photoreactivation and dark repair were calculated. E. coli and K. pneumoniae were reduced by more than 7 and 4 logs, respectively, at a dose of 21.5 mJ cm−2 using UV-C. No positive synergistic effect on the inactivation of the two bacteria was observed when using a simultaneous combination of UV-C and UV-A, probably due to a reactivation of the bacteria in the presence of UV-A light, which was not observed in irradiated samples under an individual exposure of 265 nm. For E. coli under 265 nm, the percentage of photoreactivation amounted to 10%, 3 h after irradiation. The results of this study demonstrated the capacity to inactivate E. coli and K. pneumoniae up to a considerable level and provide information for the application of UV LEDs in point-of-use systems.
Effects of mixed irrigation using brackish water with different salinities and reclaimed water on a soil-crop system
Authors: Liu Chuncheng , Cui Bingjian , Hu Chao , Wu Haiqing , Gao Feng
Published: October 2021

To explore the effects of mixed irrigation on soil and crops, a pot experiment was conducted in two salinity levels of brackish water, four levels of mixed brackish-reclaimed water and freshwater irrigation as the control. The soil Na-Cl to Ca-SO4 contents changed, and activities of soil alkaline phosphatase and polyphenol oxidase changed, exhibiting a ‘V’-shaped curve with increasing the proportion of reclaimed water in the mixture. At the same brackish-reclaimed water level, there were no significant differences in alkaline phosphatase and polyphenol oxidase activities except for soil alkaline phosphatase activity decreasing significantly with the increase in salinity under brackish water irrigation. Mixed irrigation obviously improved superoxide dismutase activity but no significant influences on aboveground dry weight, underground biomass or crop physiological indexes (chlorophyll, soluble protein, malondialdehyde, peroxidase, catalase). Based on the integrated biological response index version 2 (IBRv2), the deviation of reclaimed water irrigation was the smallest, followed by 1:1 and 1:2 (3, 5 g/L brackish water salinities, respectively), with IBRv2 values of 7.94, 12.55 and 16.04. Therefore, considering the soil-crop characteristics, limited daily water amount and inadequate pipeline facilities for reclaimed water, the brackish-reclaimed water ratio should be 1:1 and 1:2 at 3, 5 g/L of brackish water, respectively.
Binary adsorption of [Pb(II) + Co(II)] from aqueous solution using thiolated saw dust
Authors: Dhiman Neha
Published: October 2021

Technology advancement has contributed to an increase in industrial activities, resulting in the introduction of metal ions into water resources at concentrations well above the WHO limits. Heavy metals are highly toxic and carcinogenic; they usually occur as multicomponent mixtures in the aquatic environment. In the present study, batch experiments have been conducted to study the dependence of varying concentration, time, pH and temperature on the uptake of Pb(II) as a pure component under equilibrium conditions using thiolated saw dust. Saw dust has been chemically modified with thioglycolic acid and characterised using proximate and FTIR analyses, the degree of thiolation has also been determined. To determine the effect of the presence of Co(II) ions on the uptake of Pb(II) ions, batch experiments for [Pb(II) + Co(II)] mixture have been carried out for concentration ratios of 1:0, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 of Pb:Co at pH 5 and data has been interpreted using Langmuir competitive isotherm, which shows that adsorption of Pb(II) has been suppressed by the presence of Co(II) ions in the binary solution, hence the adsorption process is antagonistic in nature. The study also indicates the possibility of simultaneous removal of both metal ions using low cost bioadsorbent, which is economical especially for application in small-scale industries.
ADHERENCE TO VACCINATION AND PERCEPTION OF COVID-19 RISK AMONG POPULAITON IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS
Authors:   Scientific practical centre of hygiene, 8 Akademicheskaya Str., Minsk, 220012, Republic of Belarus, Hutsich E.A. , Sychyk S.I. ,   Scientific practical centre of hygiene, 8 Akademicheskaya Str., Minsk, 220012, Republic of Belarus, Itpayeva-Liudchyk S.L. ,   Scientific practical centre of hygiene, 8 Akademicheskaya Str., Minsk, 220012, Republic of Belarus
Published: October 2021

Our research goal was to examine health risk perception and adherence to vaccination against COVID-19 among various social and demographic population groups in Belarus. To achieve this goal, a cross-sectional study was accomplished via using an online poll. The obtained results reveal that perception of health risks caused by COVID-19 is quite significant among people living in Belarus since only 9.9 % of the questioned do not consider COVID-19 a dangerous disease. Higher levels of risk perception have been detected among medical personnel, older age groups, and people with chronic pathologies. Most respondents believe vaccination is among the most efficient anti-COVID-19 measures; however, people are rather poorly aware about provided opportunities to get vaccinated. 33.6 % among respondents who are not vaccinated don’t plan to do it with; their basic reasons for this refusal are lack of trust, both in vaccines being safe and efficient and overall trust in preparations suggested for vaccination. Having analyzed answers given by respondents who were medical workers we revealed that a greater share of them were vaccinated but reasons for refusing from vaccination were the same. 20.1 % respondents from all groups and 21.2 % medical workers who took part in the questioning stated that they needed additional information about vaccination. When developing communication strategies aimed at raising awareness among population, we should bear in mind that lower perception of COVID-19-related health risks and refusal from vaccination are more widely spread among people younger than 40; people who don’t have higher education; people with minor children in their families. Prevalence of lower COVID-19-related health risk perception is also greater among men; people who don’t live in the capital; people with eld- erly relatives in their families. Internet resources, data provided by the WHO and Public Healthcare Ministry, and medical personnel are considered the most reliable sources of information by population in Belarus.
A PREPONDERÂNCIA DA TROCA DE DÁDIVAS EM UMA PRISÃO DE MULHERES
Authors: Alves dos Santos Leonardo
Published: October 2021

Este texto é um dos resultados da dissertação de mestrado apresentada em março de 2015 sob o título "Emoção e Penalidade: Mulheres no Complexo Penal Dr. João Chaves". O objetivo do presente trabalho é tentar entender o porquê da preponderância da troca-dádiva no interior do pavilhão feminino do CPJC e a importância dessas trocas na organização e interação social das mulheres que lá residem. Dessa forma, se fez necessário recuperar a teoria de Marcel Mauss sobre o dom, assim como os desenvolvimentos posteriores realizados por outros autores. Para em seguida prosseguir com a descrição do campo pesquisado e de sua análise a luz das ideias previamente expostas, apresentando a tese da passagem da troca mercantilista do mercado à troca-dádiva. Por fim, a conclusão sugere uma possível resposta para o domínio da troca de dádivas em relação a troca mercantilista dentro da ala feminina do Complexo Penal Dr. João Chaves.
A VIOLAÇÃO DOS ESPELHOS: UMA ANÁLISE ACERCA DA REVISTA VEXATÓRIA NO CÁRCERE
Authors: Bezerra Bárbara Bruna Araújo
Published: October 2021

A revista íntima realizada dentro dos presídios brasileiros, também conhecida como revista vexatória, é considerada humilhante e desumana, no entanto, mesmo havendo declarações internacionais e legislações no Brasil que proíbam a prática, ela permanece como o principal instrumento para tentar coibir e apreender a entrada de objetos ilícitos nas prisões. A prática dessa revista encontra respaldo no descaso e na falta de interesse à situação de apenados (as) e de seus familiares; na inábil gestão pública, a qual não atende adequadamente as demandas do cárcere; e no sentimento punitivista do Estado e da sociedade brasileira. A presente pesquisa se baseia em analisar os procedimentos da revista vexatória, refutando-os com os princípios dos Direitos Humanos Fundamentais, além de compreender o papel da família no contexto do cárcere, e a relação da mulher com o corpo e como este responde à imposição de comportamentos. Por fim, a efetividade da revista também é colocada em dúvida, apresentando assim as suas alternativas.
Crime e Castigo: O ser humano como inimigo
Authors: Gomes da Silva Camilla Isabely
Published: October 2021

Apresenta-se a teoria do Direito Penal do Inimigo de forma acontra argumentá-la por meio de uma discussão acerca da condiçãohumana e dos Direitos Humanos, o que é feito por meio de umarevisão bibliográfica. O ser humano ao infringir normas não se afastade sua humanidade, pois o desvio é inerente a espécie.
ANÁLISE CRÍTICA DA PRIVATIZAÇÃO DO CÁRCERE COMO SOLUÇÃO AOS PROBLEMAS PENITENCIÁRIOS
Authors: Mendes Mesquita Luisa Angélica
Published: October 2021

O Direito Penal brasileiro situa-se em crise, porém, esta fundamenta-se em uma construção histórico-social e criminal de mais de 200 anos para então chegar ao nascimento do Estado Penal. Este Estado, inserido no contexto de mundo globalizado pós-moderno, caracteriza-se pelo surgimento de novos conflitos e pela sensação de insegurança, os quais encorajam a expansão do Direito Penal. Portanto, buscam-se respostas e alternativas eficientes, dentre elas, à luz de uma conjuntura de consolidação do modelo neoliberal, a privatização dos presídios visando solucionar os problemas carcerários e reduzir os gastos estatais. No entanto, esta parece apenas legitimar um sistema penal que já se mostrou falho e voltar-se para o estabelecimento de um novo âmbito de negócios. Sugere-se, então, uma análise crítica da privatização do cárcere como alternativa ao caos do sistema prisional, a partir da análise comparativa dos exemplos e modelos estrangeiros de privatização, bem como da observação crítica da realidade brasileira.
Organocatalytic Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of Novel 1,2,3-triazoles
Derived from Fatty β-ketoesters
Authors: Seixas Fabiana K. , Alves Diego , Gomes Carolina B. , Corrêa Caroline L. , Cabrera Diego C. , D'Oca Marcelo G. M. , Ruiz Martha , Collares Tiago , Savegnago Lucielli
Published: October 2021

Background:

Developing methods to synthesize highly functionalized and complex 1,2,3-triazoles from various combinations of substrates remains a significant challenge in organic synthesis. Thus, to the best of our knowledge, an organocatalytic approach to synthesize 1,2,3-triazoles derived from fatty acids has not been explored.

Objective:

In this sense, we describe here the organocatalyzed synthesis and preliminary results of antitumor and cytotoxic activity of a range of 1,2,3-triazoles derived from fatty esters.

Methods:

To synthesize 1,2,3-triazoles 3 derived from fatty β-ketoesters, we performed the reaction of appropriate aryl azides 2a-j with β-ketoesters 1a-c in the presence of 5 mol% of DBU using DMSO as a solvent at 70 °C for 24 h. The viability of 5637 cells was determined by measuring the reduction of soluble MTT to water-insoluble formazan. The IC50 concentration that inhibits 50% of cell growth and the results were obtained by at least three independent experiments in triplicate for each test.

Results:

Through enolate-mediated organocatalysis, 1,2,3-triazoles 3 derived from fatty β-ketoesters were synthesized in moderate to excellent yields by reacting fatty esters 1 with aryl azides 2 in the presence of a catalytic amount of 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (5 mol%). All compounds derived from palmitic acetoacetate 1a were evaluated regarding induced cytotoxicity in vitro in a human bladder cancer cell line, and compounds 3a, 3d, 3e, and 3g were shown to be promising alternatives for bladder cancer treatment and presented the lowest inhibitory concentration of IC50.

Conclusion:

We described a synthetic procedure to prepare 1,2,3-triazoles derived from fatty β-ketoesters by DBU-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions of fatty esters with different aryl azides. Compounds derived from palmitic acetoacetate were screened for antitumor and cytotoxic activity in vitro in human bladder cancer cell lines, and compounds 3a, 3d, 3e, and 3g showed potential to treat bladder cancer.
Hawk´s Beak Form in Midventricular Takotsubo Syndrome: Two Case Reports from Latin America
Authors: Medina Yuliana Andrea Cano , López Blanco Pedro Felipe , González Niño Rafael Antonio
Published: October 2021

Takotsubo syndrome is a type of acute reversible heart failure that can involve a form of acute catecholaminergic myocardial stunning. This clinical entity shows a pattern of temporary left ventricular dysfunction in the absence of occlusion of any coronary artery. A midventricular type is a form of Takotsubo syndrome where the atypical morphological variant is Hawk’s beak. The prevalence of this type is estimated to be 10-15% in several series in Asian and Western countries (predominantly Caucasian patients). In Latin America, there are no studies reporting this type of presentation. Two cases are reported in women initially diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction with the finding of the atypical hawk's beak morphology of Takotsubo syndrome, confirmed by left ventriculography. One of them was followed up early, observing recovery in her ventricular function without structural compromise at the level of contractility and with a good response to the outpatient treatment proposed. As there is a low prevalence and few published reports, these 2 cases are presented to promote long-term studies and increase the information regarding the evolution and morbidity/mortality of this type of presentation compared with the classical form of the syndrome.
The First Reported Case of Juvenile Dermatomyositis in an Adolescent with Down Syndrome and the Clinical Considerations for Therapy
Authors: Jones Jordan T. , Smith Chelsey
Published: October 2021

Background:

Down Syndrome (DS) is one of the most common birth conditions in the United States of America, with approximately 5300 births annually, resulting in an estimated birth prevalence of 12.6 per 10,000 live births and a population prevalence in the USA since 2010 of 6.7 per 10,000 inhabitants. Children with DS have complex medical challenges that present due to changes in their immune system that results in increased rates of infection, malignancy, and autoimmune disease. Juvenile Dermatomyositis (JDM) is a rare, autoimmune disease, and the most common inflammatory myopathy of childhood. Reports suggest an increased incidence of arthritis in children with DS, but there have been no reports of JDM in children with DS. Additionally, those with DS pose unique challenges with an increase in adverse effects and ineffectiveness of immunosuppressive therapy.

Case :

We describe the first case of an adolescent female with DS who developed JDM with a positive anti-p155/140 antibody and characteristic clinical phenotype. We discuss increased awareness of autoimmune disease in adolescents with DS and clinical considerations for therapy with immunosuppression.

Conclusion:

Adolescents with DS are at increased risk for autoimmune disease, including JDM. Awareness, early recognition of the signs and symptoms of autoimmune disease in those with DS is important, so appropriate therapy can be implemented.
Efektivitas Senam Jantung Sehat dalam Menurunkan Tekanan Darah pada Lansia Hipertensi
Authors: Anggraini Dyah Annisa , Nadiyah Nadiyah , Jus'at Idrus , Nuzrina Rachmanida , Gifari Nazhif
Published: October 2021

Hipertensi disebut sillent killer sebab merupakan penyakit mematikan serta dapat memicu terjadinya penyakit lain. Menurut Riskesdas (2018) prevalensi hipertensi di IndonesiaÂ  mencapai 34,1%. Di antara upaya pencegahan non farmakologis pada lansia hipertensi adalah senam jantung sehat. Senam jantung sehat dapat membantu dalam penurunan tekanan darah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui efektivitas senam jantung sehat dalam menurunkan tekanan darah pada lansia hipertensi. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi eksperimen. Sampel dalam penelitian ini merupakan pralansia dan lansia yang berjumlah 55 orang dan dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok. SebanyakÂ  30 orang responden dipilih sebagai kelompok intervensi dan 25 orang sisanya dipilih sebagai kelompok kontrol. Uji paired sample T test digunakan untuk melihat perbedaan dari tekanan darah sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Penelitian ini telah mendapat persetujuan dari Komisi Etik Penelitian Universitas Esa Unggul. Untuk kelompok intervensi, hasil pengukuran tekanan darah sistolik sebelum dan setelah intervensi berturut-turut adalah 159,73 Â± 18,39 dan 130,00 Â± 20,01 (p <0.05). Sedangkan untuk tekanan darah diastolik berturut-turut adalah 92,47 Â± 10,97 dan 79,60 Â± 9,94 (p <0.05). Untuk hasil pengukuran pada kelompok kontrol yaitu tekanan darah sistolik menunjukkan 150,28 Â± 10,18 dan 144,40 Â± 7,54 (p <0.05) secara berturut â€“ turut. Sedangkan untuk tekanan darah diastolik menunjukkan 75,88 Â± 14,03 dan 80,40 Â± 2,00 (p <0.05) secara berturut â€“ turut. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa senam jantung sehat dapat menurunkan TDD dan TDS.