bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical characterization of plutonium in n-tributyl phosphate
Authors: Bahri M. A. , Ruas A. , Labbé E. , Moisy P.
Published: February 2017

Electrochemical properties of plutonium (iv and vi) extracted in tributylphosphate from nitric acid aqueous solutions are explored.
Development of a QSAR model for predicting aqueous reaction rate constants of organic chemicals with hydroxyl radicals
Authors: Luo Xiang , Yang Xianhai , Qiao Xianliang , Wang Ya , Chen Jingwen , Wei Xiaoxuan , Peijnenburg Willie J. G. M.
Published: February 2017

This study provides a QSAR model for predicting the aqueous reaction rate constants of organic chemicals with hydroxyl radicals.
A sustainable approach to empower the bio-based future: upgrading of biomass via process intensification
Authors: Tadele Kidus , Verma Sanny , Gonzalez Michael A. , Varma Rajender S.
Published: February 2017

An environmentally benign continuous flow intensified process has been developed that enables upgrading of biomass into biofuels, solvents and pharmaceutical feedstocks using a bimetallic AgPd@g-C3N4 catalyst.
Acoustothermal tweezer for droplet sorting in a disposable microfluidic chip
Authors: Park Jinsoo , Jung Jin Ho , Destgeer Ghulam , Ahmed Husnain , Park Kwangseok , Sung Hyung Jin
Published: February 2017

Acoustothermal tweezer system composed of an acoustothermal heater and a disposable PDMS microchannel is proposed as a droplet sorting platform capable of bidirectional and multichannel droplet sorting.
Nanoparticle/MOF composites: preparations and applications
Authors: Yu Jia , Mu Chao , Yan Bingyi , Qin Xinyu , Shen Chao , Xue Huaiguo , Pang Huan
Published: February 2017

Nanoparticle/MOF materials usually have new or enhanced applications compared with bare MOF or NPs.
Bolaamphiphilic liquid crystals based on bis-imidazolium cations
Authors: Al Abbas Alexandre , Heinrich Benoît , L'Her Matthieu , Couzigné Emilie , Welter Richard , Douce Laurent
Published: February 2017

Rare examples of bolaform ionic materials containing cyanometallates and their lamellar mesomorphic supramolecular architectures are characterized.
Selective extraction of Pd(ii) by p-tert-butylcalix[4]arenedicarboxylic acid
Authors: Morohashi N. , Iijima S. , Akasaka K. , Hattori T.
Published: February 2017

p-tert-Butylcalix[4]arenedicarboxylic acid, in which two distal hydroxy groups of p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene are replaced with carboxy groups, shows extraction selectivity toward Pd2+ ions by the formation of a 2 : 2 (M/L) complex.
K-ion and Na-ion storage performances of Co3O4–Fe2O3 nanoparticle-decorated super P carbon black prepared by a ball milling process
Authors: Sultana Irin , Rahman Md Mokhlesur , Mateti Srikanth , Ahmadabadi Vahide Ghanooni , Glushenkov Alexey M. , Chen Ying
Published: February 2017

A molten salt precipitation method in conjunction with low energy ball milling is used to produce the hybrid Co3O4–Fe2O3/C anode with attractive electrochemical performance in K-ion and Na-ion batteries.
Synchronous recovery of iron and electricity using a single chamber air-cathode microbial fuel cell
Authors: Li Xiufen , Zheng Yan , Nie Pengfei , Ren Yueping , Wang Xinhua , Liu Yanfei
Published: February 2017

In recent years, microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology has become an attractive option for metal recovery/removal at the cathode combined with electricity generation, using organic substrates as electron donor at the anode.
Synthesis and catalytic activity of Cu–Cr–O–TiO2 composites for the thermal decomposition of ammonium per-chlorate: enhanced decomposition rate of fuel for solid rocket motors
Authors: Kumar Harish , Tengli Prahalad N. , Mishra Vijay Kumar , Tripathi Pankaj , Pal Dan Bahadur , Mishra Pradeep Kumar
Published: February 2017

This study presents the synthesis of Cu–Cr–O·nTiO2 particles via sol–gel method and their catalytic effects on thermal decomposition of AP.
Modular bioink for 3D printing of biocompatible hydrogels: sol–gel polymerization of hybrid peptides and polymers
Authors: Echalier C. , Levato R. , Mateos-Timoneda M. A. , Castaño O. , Déjean S. , Garric X. , Pinese C. , Noël D. , Engel E. , Martinez J. , Mehdi A. , Subra G.
Published: February 2017

Inorganic polymerization as a cross-linking method for 3D printing of PEG–peptide hydrogels.
Hydrothermal-assisted synthesis of an iron nitride–carbon composite as a novel electrode material for supercapacitors
Authors: Śliwak Agata , Moyseowicz Adam , Gryglewicz Grażyna
Published: February 2017

Hydrothermal-assisted impregnation followed by NH3 annealing resulted in the fabrication of a novel iron nitride–carbon hybrid as an electrode material with a remarkable specific capacitance of 525 F g−1 for high-performance supercapacitors.
Variability of composition and structural disorder of nanocrystalline CoOOH materials
Authors: Kudielka A. , Bette S. , Dinnebier R. E. , Abeykoon M. , Pietzonka C. , Harbrecht B.
Published: February 2017

The way in which nanocrystalline cobalt oxide hydroxide is prepared has a traceable impact on the variation of composition of the material and the degree of structural disorder.
Tunable accessibility of dye-doped liposomes towards gold nanoparticles for fluorescence sensing of lipopolysaccharide
Authors: Gao Jinhong , Li Zhuoru , Zhang Ouyang , Wu Chuanliu , Zhao Yibing
Published: February 2017

We developed a new fluorescence sensing strategy for LPS on the basis of its primitive role on the surface of bacteria.
Facile synthesis of novel bowl-like hollow carbon spheres by the combination of hydrothermal carbonization and soft templating
Authors: Zhang Zili , Qin Mingli , Jia Baorui , Zhang Hongzhou , Wu Haoyang , Qu Xuanhui
Published: February 2017

A new strategy to synthesize novel bowl-like hollow spheres by the combination of hydrothermal carbonization and an emulsion template method was presented.
Tandem 1,6-addition/cyclization/vinylcyclopropane rearrangement at low temperature under metal-free conditions: an approach to spiro[4.5]cyclohexadienones
Authors: Yuan Zhenbo , Gai Kuo , Wu Youzhi , Wu Jie , Lin Aijun , Yao Hequan
Published: February 2017

A tandem 1,6-addition/cyclization/vinylcyclopropane rearrangement for the synthesis of spiro[4.5]cyclohexadienones at low temperature under metal-free conditions is reported.
Design of fast ion conducting cathode materials for grid-scale sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Wong Lee Loong , Chen Haomin , Adams Stefan
Published: February 2017

Using a stretched exponential function the rate performance of sodium-insertion materials is semi-quantitatively determined from characteristics of Na-ion migration pathways.
Computational study of phononic resonators and waveguides in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Konstantopoulou A. , Sgouros A. P. , Sigalas M. M.
Published: February 2017

Using molecular dynamics and semi-empirical potentials, large scale transition metal dichalcogenides monolayers (TMDM) were examined.
Dual-functional photocatalysis for hydrogen evolution from industrial wastewaters
Authors: Lin Zhaoyong , Li Lihua , Yu Lili , Li Weijia , Yang Guowei
Published: February 2017

Simultaneous hydrogen evolution and pollutant degradation in one system is realized over Cu2O polyhedrons.
A new class of hybrid super-supertetrahedral cluster and its assembly into a five-fold interpenetrating network
Authors: Vaqueiro P. , Makin S. , Tong Y. , Ewing S. J.
Published: February 2017

The first hybrid super-supertetrahedron, formed by five [Ga10S16L4]2− supertetrahedral clusters, is presented.
Spiky TiO2/Au nanorod plasmonic photocatalysts with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity
Authors: Sun Hang , Zeng Shan , He Qinrong , She Ping , Xu Kongliang , Liu Zhenning
Published: February 2017

Spiky TiO2/AuNR plasmonic photocatalysts show improved visible-light photocatalytic activity by simultaneously enhancing light harvesting, charge utilization efficiency, and substrate accessibility.
The effect of gas-phase polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on the formation and properties of biogenic secondary organic aerosol particles
Authors: Zelenyuk Alla , Imre Dan G. , Wilson Jacqueline , Bell David M. , Suski Kaitlyn J. , Shrivastava Manish , Beránek Josef , Alexander M. Lizabeth , Kramer Amber L. , Massey Simonich Staci L.
Published: February 2017

When secondary organic aerosol (SOA) particles are formed by ozonolysis in the presence of gas-phase polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), their formation and properties are significantly different from SOA particles formed without PAHs. For all SOA precursors and all PAHs, discussed in this study, the presence of the gas-phase PAHs during SOA formation significantly affects particle mass loadings, composition, growth, evaporation kinetics, and viscosity. SOA particles formed in the presence of PAHs have, as part of their compositions, trapped unreacted PAHs and products of heterogeneous reactions between PAHs and ozone. Compared to ‘pure’ SOA particles, these particles exhibit slower evaporation kinetics, have higher fractions of non-volatile components, like oligomers, and higher viscosities, assuring their longer atmospheric lifetimes. In turn, the increased viscosity and decreased volatility provide a shield that protects PAHs from chemical degradation and evaporation, allowing for the long-range transport of these toxic pollutants. The magnitude of the effect of PAHs on SOA formation is surprisingly large. The presence of PAHs during SOA formation increases mass loadings by factors of two to five, and particle number concentrations, in some cases, by more than a factor of 100. Increases in SOA mass, particle number concentrations, and lifetime have important implications to many atmospheric processes related to climate, weather, visibility, and human health, all of which relate to the interactions between biogenic SOA and anthropogenic PAHs. The synergistic relationship between SOA and PAHs presented here are clearly complex and call for future research to elucidate further the underlying processes and their exact atmospheric implications.
Development of inverse electron demand Diels–Alder ligation and TR-FRET assays for the determination of ligand–protein target occupancy in live cells
Authors: Marjanovic Jasmina , Baranczak Aleksandra , Marin Violeta , Stockmann Henning , Richardson Paul L. , Vasudevan Anil
Published: February 2017

We describe IED-DA ligation-based pull-down and TR-FRET assays for in-cell determination of target occupancy by the reversible inhibitor Dasatinib.
Synthesis of highly branched polymers by reversible complexation-mediated copolymerization of vinyl and divinyl monomers
Authors: Yang Hongjun , Wang Zhongrui , Zheng Yulei , Huang Wenyan , Xue Xiaoqiang , Jiang Bibiao
Published: February 2017

Here, we report the reversible complexation-mediated copolymerization (RCMcP) of vinyl and divinyl monomers for the synthesis of highly branched polymers.
A new fluorophore displaying remarkable solvatofluorochromism and solid-state light emission, and serving as a turn-on fluorescent sensor for cyanide ions
Authors: Kimura Yosuke , Kawajiri Ikumi , Ueki Masanori , Morimoto Takayuki , Nishida Jun-ichi , Ikeda Hiroshi , Tanaka Mirai , Kawase Takeshi
Published: February 2017

A new fluorophore displays remarkable solvatofluorochromism, a CIEE effect, and an intense blue-green fluorescence in the presence of cyanide ions.
Polydopamine-mediated preparation of an enzyme-immobilized microreactor for the rapid production of wax ester
Authors: Bi Yicheng , Zhou Hua , Jia Honghua , Wei Ping
Published: February 2017

In our study, a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) open-tubular enzyme-immobilized microreactor has been successfully prepared using dopamine polymerization and multi-layer deposition.
Flexible, sandwich-like CNTs/NiCo2O4 hybrid paper electrodes for all-solid state supercapacitors
Authors: Zheng Yongjia , Lin Zhiqiang , Chen Wenjun , Liang Binghao , Du Huiwei , Yang Rongliang , He Xianfeng , Tang Zikang , Gui Xuchun
Published: February 2017

With the increasing demand for compact storage systems for portable and wearable electronic devices, flexible supercapacitors with high volumetric performance have attracted considerable attention.
808 nm near-infrared light controlled dual-drug release and cancer therapy in vivo by upconversion mesoporous silica nanostructures
Authors: Dai Yunlu , Bi Huiting , Deng Xiaoran , Li Chunxia , He Fei , Ma Ping'an , Yang Piaoping , Lin Jun
Published: February 2017

A dual-drug co-delivery and 808 nm NIR photo-controlled release system can control drug release behaviour and enhance anticancer efficacy.
Gold nanoshell coated thermo-pH dual responsive liposomes for resveratrol delivery and chemo-photothermal synergistic cancer therapy
Authors: Wang Meili , Liu Yanping , Zhang Xuwu , Luo Liyao , Li Lei , Xing Shanshan , He Yuchu , Cao Weiwei , Zhu Ruiyan , Gao Dawei
Published: February 2017

Stimuli-responsive drug delivery and release have a great significance in cancer therapy.
Developing microfluidically controlled SPDT waveguide switch using 3D printing
Authors: Khan S. , Jones T.R. , Deif S. , Daneshmand M.
Published: February 2017

A 3D printed microfluidically‐controlled metal‐coated waveguide single‐pole double‐throw (SPDT) switch is presented, which is both light weight and has low power consumption, exhibiting good performance at K‐band. Oil (ON state) and EGaIn metal (OFF state) liquids are used for switching control. The proposed switch exhibits its best performance at 18 GHz, with insertion loss below 0.2 dB, return loss of 19.5 dB, and isolation better than 25 dB.
Area efficient non‐fractional binary‐weighted split‐capacitive‐array DAC for successive‐approximation‐register ADC
Authors: Mao W. , Li Y. , Heng C.H. , Lian Y.
Published: February 2017

An area efficient non‐fractional binary‐weighted capacitive‐array with attenuation capacitor (NFBWA) digital‐to‐analogue converter (DAC) is presented for successive‐approximation‐register ADC. Based on linearity and matching requirement, the segmentation degrees (i.e. the number of bits in each split capacitive sub‐array) are optimised to minimise the switching power and area. The proposed DAC improves the Walden figure‐of‐merit performance by 1.67 and 5.45 times, respectively, compared with that of fractional binary‐weighted capacitive‐array with attenuation capacitor (FBWA) DAC and conventional NFBWA DAC at the same unit capacitor size and linearity requirement.
Discharge scheduling for voltage balancing in reconfigurable battery systems
Authors: Kim Dongwan , Lee Jinkyu
Published: February 2017

To manage thousands of battery cells effectively, a reconfigurable battery system has emerged where each battery cell is equipped with a set of switches for controlling connectivity (i.e. series, parallel, bypass or combinations thereof). While most studies have focused on maximising operation‐time or life‐time of a reconfigurable battery system, few studies have addressed how to quickly balance voltage of cells, which affects both efficiency and safety of a battery system. A new discharge scheduling policy for battery cell voltage balancing for a reconfigurable battery system is proposed. Based on the analysis why existing naive approaches are not effective for voltage balancing, a new approach consisting of three steps is designed: determination of a set of battery cells to be discharged, calculation of a target voltage, and distribution of the system load to each battery. The present simulation results show that the proposed approach outperforms three alternative ones up to 45.6% in terms of voltage balancing.
Wideband circularly polarised antenna based on tightly coupling effect
Authors: Yang Long , Zhang Zhi‐ya , Wu Dan , Fu Guang , Yan Zehong
Published: February 2017

A new design of a circularly polarised antenna based on the tightly coupled mechanism is presented. The proposed antenna consists of four tightly coupled dipoles, four impedance transforming networks and a wideband feeding network. Owing to the strong mutual coupling between coupled dipole elements, the proposed antenna realises a wide operating bandwidth. A prototype is manufactured and measured to validate the method. The measured results indicate that the proposed design provides a 10 dB return loss bandwidth of 101% (1.7–5.2 GHz) and a 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth of 77% (2.0–4.5 GHz). The design has a 3 dB gain bandwidth of 56% from 2.6 to 4.6 GHz with a peak gain of 10.4 dBic. Acceptable agreements can be obtained between the simulated and measured results.
Compact transmission‐type negative group delay circuit with low attenuation
Authors: Liu Gang , Xu Jinping
Published: February 2017

A novel circuit is presented for the design of transmission‐type negative group delay circuit (NGDC) with low signal attenuation. By loading a lumped resistor at a specific point on the loose‐coupling microstrip (MS) resonator, a lossy coupled‐line resonator is proposed, the size of which is effectively reduced by employing an open radial patch. A cascaded two‐stage NGDC scheme is presented to realise an enhanced negative group delay (NGD) value and better reflection coefficients. The layout of the two‐stage NGDC is designed in an anti‐symmetrical back‐to‐back manner. To validate the performance of the proposed circuit scheme, a prototype of the two‐stage NGDC has been designed, the working bandwidth of which is 35 MHz with a centre frequency of 1.79 GHz. This circuit is fabricated on Rogers RO4350B substrate with a thickness of 20 mil. A measured maximum NGD of −7.7 ns and a corresponding signal attenuation of as low as 8.6 dB have been obtained. Reflection coefficients are better than −20 dB. This NGDC occupies a compact size of 0.3λg × 0.18λg, which is much smaller compared to the previously reported NGDCs with distributed elements.
New state estimators and communication protocol for distributed event‐triggered consensus of linear multi‐agent systems with bounded perturbations
Authors: Viel Christophe , Bertrand Sylvain , Michel Kieffer , Helene Piet‐Lahanier
Published: February 2017

This study extends recent results by Garcia et al. on an event‐triggered communication to reach consensus in multi‐agent systems. First, it studies the effect of two types of additive and bounded state perturbations on the consensus and on the communications. Second, it describes an improved agent state estimator as well as an estimator of the state estimation uncertainty to trigger communications. Convergence to consensus is studied. Simulations show the effectiveness of the proposed estimators in the presence of state perturbations.
Hybrid model reference adaptive second order sliding mode controller for automatic train operation
Authors: M Ganesan , D Ezhilarasi , Benni Jijo
Published: February 2017

This study presents a non‐linear longitudinal dynamic model of high speed trains by considering the rolling stock, train formations, rolling resistance, track environment, etc., and longitudinal controller design for Automatic Train Operation (ATO) as well. For a controller design, a novel hybrid model reference based adaptive super twisting sliding mode control scheme is proposed. The control law comprises a non‐linear model reference adaptive control (MRAC) and an adaptive second order sliding mode control (SMC) in order to make the control signal continuous and to alleviate the chattering phenomenon. The adaptive gains of the proposed control law are derived based on Lyapunov approach that ensures global stability with exact tracking in finite time. A linear stable reference model is developed with the ideal train‐track parameters to generate the reference trajectory. The effectiveness of the presented concept is demonstrated by introducing load variation, model uncertainties and external disturbances in the non‐linear model of the train and its performance is compared with the non‐linear MRAC and the second order sliding mode controller.
Adaptive non‐singular integral terminal sliding mode tracking control for autonomous underwater vehicles
Authors: Qiao Lei , Zhang Weidong
Published: February 2017

This study proposes an adaptive non‐singular integral terminal sliding mode control (ANITSMC) scheme for trajectory tracking of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) with dynamic uncertainties and time‐varying external disturbances. The ANITSMC is first proposed for a first‐order uncertain non‐linear dynamic system to eliminate the singularity problem in conventional terminal sliding mode control (TSMC) and avoid the requirement of the bound information of the lumped system uncertainty. The time taken to reach the equilibrium point from any initial error is guaranteed to be finite. The proposed ANITSMC is then applied to trajectory tracking control of AUVs. It guarantees that the velocity tracking errors locally converge to zero in finite time and after that the position tracking errors locally converge to zero exponentially. The designed ANITSMC of AUVs avoids the requirement of the prior knowledge of the lumped system uncertainty bounds as opposite to the existing globally finite‐time stable tracking control (GFTSTC), provides higher tracking accuracy than the existing GFTSTC and adaptive non‐singular TSMC (ANTSMC) and offers faster convergence rate and better robustness against dynamic uncertainties and time‐varying external disturbances than the adaptive proportional‐integral sliding mode control (APISMC). Comparative simulation results are presented to validate the superiority of the ANITSMC over the APISMC.
Switch‐mode rectifier fed switched‐reluctance motor drive with dynamic commutation shifting using DC‐link current
Authors: Huang Hsin‐Ning , Hu Kai‐Wei , Liaw Chang‐Ming
Published: February 2017

Adequate commutation instant setting and tuning in accordance with varied operating conditions are required for achieving good winding current and developed torque responses for a switched‐reluctance motor (SRM) drive. This study presents a dynamic commutation shift controller (DCSC) based on DC‐link current ripple minimisation for SRM drives. A single‐phase bridgeless switch‐mode rectifier (SMR) fed SRM drive is established for making the performance evaluation. The robust control schemes of the SMR and SRM drive are properly designed to yield satisfactory dynamic and static operation characteristics. The boosted and well‐regulated DC‐link voltage is established from the mains to enhance the SRM drive performance under high speeds. In addition, good line drawn power quality with high efficiency is obtained simultaneously by the bridgeless SMR front‐end. In the developed DCSC, the observed DC‐link ripple current is processed and used to determine the commutation shift angle automatically. Some measured results are provided to demonstrate the performance of the established SMR‐fed SRM drive under the commutation using the proposed DCSC.
Intelligent tracking control of a PMLSM using self‐evolving probabilistic fuzzy neural network
Authors: Chen Syuan‐Yi , Liu Tung‐Sheng
Published: February 2017

This study presents a self‐evolving probabilistic fuzzy (PF) neural network with asymmetric membership function (SPFNN‐AMF) controller for the position servo control of a permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM) servo drive system. In the beginning, the dynamic model for the PMLSM is analysed on the basis of field‐oriented control. Subsequently, an SPFNN‐AMF control system, which integrates the advantages of self‐evolving NN, PF logic system, and AMF, is proposed to handle vagueness, randomness, and time‐varying uncertainties of the PMLSM servo drive system during the control process. For the SPFNN‐AMF, the proposed learning algorithm consists of the structure learning and parameter learning in which the former is used to grow and prune the fuzzy rules automatically, whereas the latter is utilised to train the network parameters dynamically. Finally, detailed experimental results of two position commands tracking at different operation conditions demonstrate the validity and robustness of the proposed SPFNN‐AMF for controlling the PMLSM servo drive system.
Determination of busbar system heat losses in naturally ventilated and hermetic switchgear
Authors: Ryfa Arkadiusz , Bulinski Zbigniew , Smolka Jacek , Bedkowski Mateusz , Burzyński Rafal
Published: February 2017

The study deals with the determination of the heat losses for a switchgear busbar system. The losses were computed for both naturally ventilated and hermetic switchgear configurations. For each configuration, several levels of current were considered. The heat losses were computed in three ways. The first approach was a direct method that uses the temperatures of the busbar and the surrounding air and the heat transfer coefficient computed from the empirical correlations. In the second algorithm, an energy balance of the switchgear was performed. This approach included convective and radiative heat transfer from the casing and, in the case of ventilated switchgear, the heat removed with the air flowing through the unit. The last method was based on the data obtained from the electrical measurements of the voltage and current on the considered busbar system. An uncertainty analysis was performed to compare the accuracy of the presented approaches and to validate the quality of the solution. The results revealed good agreement between the first two approaches with respect to the electric measurement uncertainty and exhibited the deficiencies of the last one.
Robust optimisation‐based microgrid scheduling with islanding constraints
Authors: Liu Guodong , Starke Michael , Xiao Bailu , Tomsovic Kevin
Published: February 2017

This study proposes a robust optimisation‐based optimal scheduling model for microgrid operation considering constraints of islanding capability. The objective is to minimise the total operation cost, including generation cost and spinning reserve cost of local resources as well as purchasing cost of energy from the main grid. To ensure the resiliency of a microgrid and improve the reliability of the local electricity supply, the microgrid is required to maintain enough spinning reserve (both up and down) to meet local demand and accommodate local renewable generation when the supply of power from the main grid is interrupted suddenly, i.e. microgrid transitions from grid‐connected into islanded mode. Prevailing operational uncertainties in renewable energy resources and load are considered and captured using a robust optimisation method. With proper robust level, the solution of the proposed scheduling model ensures successful islanding of the microgrid with minimum load curtailment and guarantees robustness against all possible realisations of the modelled operational uncertainties. Numerical simulations on a microgrid consisting of a wind turbine, a PV panel, a fuel cell, a micro‐turbine, a diesel generator and a battery demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheduling model.
Frame duplication/mirroring detection method with binary features
Authors: Ulutas Guzin , Ustubioglu Beste , Ulutas Mustafa , Nabiyev Vasif
Published: February 2017

Multimedia devices have become increasingly popular due to high quality and low cost products using advanced technology. These devices can capture multimedia files, which can be modified easily by video editing tools. One of the most frequently encountered forgery types in video forensics is the frame duplication (FD) forgery. Many methods have been proposed in the literature to deal with this type of forgery. These methods do not consider frame‐mirroring (FM) attack which copy a sequence of frames and paste its mirrored versions somewhere else on the same video. A new FD/FM detection method is proposed in this work. The method extracts binary features from frames and determines the similarity among features. Peak‐signal‐to‐noise ratio of the candidate frames is used to eliminate some of the large number of candidates to improve the detection of the forged frames. Experimental results show that the proposed method successfully detects FM/FD attacks and also yields better execution time and detection results compared to similar works reported in the literature.
Metamaterial‐based patch antenna with wideband RCS reduction and gain enhancement using improved loading method
Authors: Zheng Yue‐Jun , Gao Jun , Zhou Yu‐Long , Cao Xiang‐Yu , Xu Li‐Ming , Li Si‐Jia , Yang Huan‐Huan
Published: February 2017

The simultaneous improvement of radiating and scattering performance of an antenna is normally considered as a contradiction. In this study, wideband radar cross‐section (RCS) reduction and gain enhancement are both achieved for a conventional patch antenna by loading metamaterial in an improved way. First, two artificial magnetic conductor units are selected to construct a chessboard‐like metamaterial surface (CLMS) which has wideband low RCS property. Then the CLMS is applied to a conventional patch antenna for the purpose of RCS reduction. Through a detailed investigation of three loading manners, a metamaterial‐based patch antenna with both improved RCS and gain is proposed and experimentally validated. Both simulated and measured results show that, compared with the original antenna, the gain of the proposed antenna is enhanced almost over the whole operation band, and the wideband (in‐band and out‐of‐band) RCS reduction is achieved concurrently.
On achievability of an (r, l) fractional linear network code
Authors: Das Niladri , Rai Brijesh Kumar
Published: February 2017

It is known that there exists a network, called as the M‐network, which is not scalar linearly solvable but has a vector linear solution for message dimension two. Recently, a generalisation of this result has been presented where it has been shown that for any integer , there exists a network which has an (m, m) vector linear solution, but does not have a (w, w) vector linear solution for w  < m. This study presents a further generalisation. Specifically, the authors show that for any positive integers k, n, and , there exists a network which has a (mk, mn) fractional linear solution, but does not have a (wk, wn) fractional linear solution for w  < m.
Improved clustering algorithm based on energy consumption in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Wu Wenliang , Xiong Naixue , Wu Chunxue
Published: February 2017

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are widely used in military, traffic, medical and so on. The design of routing protocol for WSNs is limited by the single nature of the local topology information. Meanwhile, the power supply of sensor networks node, communication ability and storage capacity are limited, so how to improve the efficient energy of nodes and extend the networks life cycle is the focus of current research. This study proposes the improved algorithm for the LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) clustering algorithm, considering the residual energy of the nodes and the factors of the long distance node, the T (n) is readjusted and the new method is proposed. Then the data fusion rate is introduced to allow the cluster‐heads to fuse data before sending the data, and send the data to the base station. Finally, the free‐space model and the multi‐path fading model are adopted to avoid the excessive consumption of energy caused by the node d4. The authors’ simulation results show that the improved algorithm can reduce the energy consumption of the networks and prolongs life cycle.
Shape optimizationviaa levelset and a Gauss-Newton method
Authors: Fehrenbach Jérôme , de Gournay Frédéric
Published: February 2017

In the context of shape optimization via level-set methods, we propose a general framework for a Gauss-Newton method to optimize quadratic functionals. Our approach provides a natural extension of the shape derivative as a vector field defined in the whole working domain. We implement and discuss this method in two cases: first a least-square error minimization reminiscent of the Electrical Impedance Tomography problem, and second the compliance problem with volume constraints.
Stochastic homogenization of plasticity equations
Authors: Heida Martin , Schweizer Ben
Published: February 2017

In the context of infinitesimal strain plasticity with hardening, we derive a stochastic homogenization result. We assume that the coefficients of the equation are random functions: elasticity tensor, hardening parameter and flow-rule function are given through a dynamical system on a probability space. A parameterε> 0 denotes the typical length scale of oscillations. We derive effective equations that describe the behavior of solutions in the limitε→ 0. The homogenization procedure is based on the fact that stochastic coefficients “allow averaging”: For one representative volume element, a strain evolution \hbox{$[0,T]\ni t\mapsto \xi(t) \in \symM$} induces a stress evolution \hbox{$[0,T]\ni t\mapsto \Sigma(\xi)(t) \in \symM$}. Once the hysteretic evolution lawΣis justified for averages, we obtain that the macroscopic limit equation is given by −∇·Σ(∇su) =f.
Effects of viscosity and conductivity stratification on the linear stability and transient growth within compressible Couette flow
Authors: Saikia Bijaylakshmi , Ramachandran Ashwin , Sinha Krishnendu , Govindarajan Rama
Published: February 2017

Accurate prediction of laminar to turbulent transition in compressible flows is a challenging task, as it can be affected by a combination of factors. Compressibility causes large variations in thermodynamic as well as transport properties of a gas, which in turn are known to affect flow stability. We study the stratification of individual transport properties and their combined behavior. We also examine the effect of a change in the magnitude of viscosity and conductivity on flow stability. The Couette flow of a perfect gas is our model problem and both modal and non-modal analyses are carried out. We notice a large destabilizing role of the increase in the conductivity value and a dramatic stabilizing effect of mean viscosity stratification, over a range of free-stream Mach number, Reynolds number, Prandtl number, and disturbance wavenumber. In the combined case, viscosity stratification plays a dominant role. We find this to be the case for finite-time transient growth in the parameter regime below linear instability as well as asymptotically at large time. A budget of the transient growth energy amplification is also shown to identify the effects of transport properties on the constituents of perturbation energy. The extensive results presented in this paper, we believe should motivate those studying more realistic flows to examine how these contrasting effects of stratification come together.
Fabrication of bit patterned media using templated two-phase growth
Authors: Sundar Vignesh , Yang XiaoMin , Liu Yang , Dai Zhengkun , Zhou Bing , Zhu Jingxi , Lee Kim , Chang Thomas , Laughlin David , Zhu Jian-Gang (Jimmy)
Published: February 2017

In fabricating high areal density magnetic nanostructures for bit patterned magnetic recording media, conventional lithography methods are limited in scaling and often present other challenges, for instance, as etch-damage in case of subtractive schemes. In this paper, we present a novel two-phase growth scheme that enables the fabrication of nanostructures of one material embedded in a matrix of a different material by choosing a separation material that is immiscible with the material of the nanostructure and by designing a template whose material and morphology guides the separation of the two phases and their subsequent growth.
On the piecewise convex or concave nature of ground state energy as a function of fractional number of electrons for approximate density functionals
Authors: Li Chen , Yang Weitao
Published: February 2017

We provide a rigorous proof that the Hartree Fock energy, as a function of the fractional electron number, E(N), is piecewise concave. Moreover, for semi-local density functionals, we show that the piecewise convexity of the E(N) curve, as stated in the literature, is not generally true for all fractions. By an analysis based on exchange-only local density approximation and careful examination of the E(N) curve, we find for some systems, there exists a very small concave region, corresponding to adding a small fraction of electrons to the integer system, while the remaining E(N) curve is convex. Several numerical examples are provided as verification. Although the E(N) curve is not convex everywhere in these systems, the previous conclusions on the consequence of the delocalization error in the commonly used density functional approximations, in particular, the underestimation of ionization potential, and the overestimation of electron affinity, and other related issues, remain unchanged. This suggests that instead of using the term convexity, a modified and more rigorous description for the delocalization error is that the E(N) curve lies below the straight line segment across the neighboring integer points for these approximate functionals.
Energy level alignment at molecule-metal interfaces from an optimally tuned range-separated hybrid functional
Authors: Liu Zhen-Fei , Egger David A. , Refaely-Abramson Sivan , Kronik Leeor , Neaton Jeffrey B.
Published: February 2017

The alignment of the frontier orbital energies of an adsorbed molecule with the substrate Fermi level at metal-organic interfaces is a fundamental observable of significant practical importance in nanoscience and beyond. Typical density functional theory calculations, especially those using local and semi-local functionals, often underestimate level alignment leading to inaccurate electronic structure and charge transport properties. In this work, we develop a new fully self-consistent predictive scheme to accurately compute level alignment at certain classes of complex heterogeneous molecule-metal interfaces based on optimally tuned range-separated hybrid functionals. Starting from a highly accurate description of the gas-phase electronic structure, our method by construction captures important nonlocal surface polarization effects via tuning of the long-range screened exchange in a range-separated hybrid in a non-empirical and system-specific manner. We implement this functional in a plane-wave code and apply it to several physisorbed and chemisorbed molecule-metal interface systems. Our results are in quantitative agreement with experiments, the both the level alignment and work function changes. Our approach constitutes a new practical scheme for accurate and efficient calculations of the electronic structure of molecule-metal interfaces.
Forces from periodic charging of adsorbed molecules
Authors: Kocić N. , Decurtins S. , Liu S.-X. , Repp J.
Published: February 2017

In a recent publication [Kocić et al., Nano Lett. 15, 4406 (2015)], it was shown that gating of molecular levels in the field of an oscillating tip of an atomic force microscope can enable a periodic charging of individual molecules synchronized to the tip’s oscillatory motion. Here we discuss further implications of such measurements, namely, how the force difference associated with the single-electron charging manifests itself in atomic force microscopy images and how it can be detected as a function of tip-sample distance. Moreover, we discuss how the critical voltage for the charge-state transition depends on distance and how that relates to the local contact potential difference. These measurements allow also for an estimate of the absolute tip-sample distance.
Variability in the relaxation behavior of glass: Impact of thermal history fluctuations and fragility
Authors: Zheng Qiuju , Mauro John C.
Published: February 2017

Glasses are nonequilibrium materials that continuously relax toward the metastable supercooled liquid state. As such, the properties of a glass depend on both its composition and thermal history. When an initially cooled glass is subjected to additional thermal cycles, relaxation during the heat treatment is accelerated, leading to changes in the macroscopic properties of the glass. This relaxation behavior is intrinsic to the glassy state and of critical interest to the high-tech glass industry. In many practical cases, the magnitude of the relaxation is less important than the variability of the relaxation effects due to slight variations in the thermal history experienced by the glass. These fluctuations in thermal history can occur either during the initial glass formation or during the subsequent heat treatment cycle(s). Here we calculate the variation in relaxation behavior using a detailed enthalpy landscape model, showing that the relaxation variability can be reduced dramatically by increasing the fragility of the system.
Heterogeneous current collector in lithium-ion battery for thermal-runaway mitigation
Authors: Wang Meng , Le Anh V. , Shi Yang , Noelle Daniel J. , Qiao Yu
Published: February 2017

Current collector accounts for more than 90% of the electric conductivity and ∼90% of the mechanical strength of the electrode in lithium-ion battery (LIB). Usually, current collectors are smooth metallic thin films. In the current study, we show that if the current collector is heterogeneous, the heat generation becomes negligible when the LIB cell is subjected to mechanical abuse. The phenomenon is attributed to the guided strain concentration, which promotes the separation of the forward and the return paths of internal short circuit. As the internal impedance drastically increases, the stored electric energy cannot be dissipated as thermal energy. The modification of current collector does not affect the cycling performance of the LIB cell. This finding enables advanced thermal-runaway mitigation techniques for high-energy, large-scale energy storage systems.
Quartz crystal microbalance apparatus for study of viscous liquids at high temperatures
Authors: Acharya Biplav , Sidheswaran Meera A. , Yungk Ronald , Krim Jacqueline
Published: February 2017

A design for a Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) setup for use with viscous liquids at temperatures of up to 300 °C is reported. The system response for iron and gold coated QCM crystals to two common lubricant base oils, polyalphaolefin and halocarbon, is reported, yielding results that are consistent with theoretical predictions that incorporate electrode nanoscale surface roughness into their analysis.
Rate constants from instanton theory via a microcanonical approach
Authors: McConnell Sean R. , Löhle Andreas , Kästner Johannes
Published: February 2017

Microcanonical instanton theory offers the promise of providing rate constants for chemical reactions including quantum tunneling of atoms over the whole temperature range. We discuss different rate expressions, which require the calculation of stability parameters of the instantons. The traditional way of obtaining these stability parameters is shown to be numerically unstable in practical applications. We provide three alternative algorithms to obtain such stability parameters for non-separable systems, i.e., systems in which the vibrational modes perpendicular to the instanton path couple to movement along the path. We show the applicability of our algorithms on two molecular systems: H2 + OH → H2O + H using a fitted potential energy surface and HNCO + H → NH2CO using a potential obtained on-the-fly from density functional calculations.
On the construction of conservation laws: A mixed approach
Authors: Ruggieri M. , Speciale M. P.
Published: February 2017

A new approach, combining the Ibragimov method and the one by Anco and Bluman, with the aim of algorithmically computing local conservation laws of partial differential equations, is discussed. Some examples of the application of the procedure are given. The method, of course, is able to recover all the conservation laws found by using the direct method; at the same time we can characterize which symmetry, if any, is responsible for the existence of a given conservation law. Some new local conservation laws for the short pulse equation and for the Fornberg–Whitham equation are also determined.
Partition-DFT on the water dimer
Authors: Gómez Sara , Nafziger Jonathan , Restrepo Albeiro , Wasserman Adam
Published: February 2017

As is well known, the ground-state symmetry group of the water dimer switches from its equilibrium Cs-character to C2h-character as the distance between the two oxygen atoms of the dimer decreases below RO–O∼2.5 Å. For a range of RO–O between 1 and 5 Å, and for both symmetries, we apply Partition Density Functional Theory (PDFT) to find the unique monomer densities that sum to the correct dimer densities while minimizing the sum of the monomer energies. We calculate the work involved in deforming the isolated monomer densities and find that it is slightly larger for the Cs geometry for all RO–O. We discuss how the PDFT densities and the corresponding partition potentials support the orbital-interaction picture of hydrogen-bond formation.
Growth of defect-free colloidal hard-sphere crystals using colloidal epitaxy
Authors: Dasgupta Tonnishtha , Edison John R. , Dijkstra Marjolein
Published: February 2017

Using event-driven Brownian dynamics simulations, we investigate the epitaxial growth of hard-sphere crystals with a face-centered-cubic (fcc) structure on the three densest cross-sectional planes of the fcc: (i) fcc (100), (ii) fcc (111), and (iii) fcc (110). We observe that for high settling velocities, large fcc crystals with very few extended defects grow on the fcc (100) template. Our results show good agreement with the experiments of Jensen et al. [Soft Matter 9, 320 (2013)], who observed such large fcc crystals upon centrifugation on an fcc (100) template. We also compare the quality of the fcc crystal formed on the fcc (111) and fcc (110) templates with that of the fcc (100) template and conclude that the latter yields the best crystal. We also briefly discuss the dynamical behavior of stacking faults that occur in the sediments.
Mixed mode oscillations in presence of inverted fireball in an excitable DC glow discharge magnetized plasma
Authors: Mitra Vramori , Prakash N. Hari , Solomon Infant , Megalingam Mariammal , Sekar Iyengar A. N. , Marwan Norbert , Kurths Jürgen , Sarma Arun , Sarma Bornali
Published: February 2017

The typical phenomena of mixed mode oscillations and their associated nonlinear behaviors have been investigated in collisionless magnetized plasma oscillations in a DC glow discharge plasma system. Plasma is produced between a cylindrical mesh grid and a constricted anode. A spherical mesh grid of 80% optical transparency is kept inside a cylindrical grid to produce an inverted fireball. Three Langmuir probes are kept in the ambient plasma to measure the floating potential fluctuations at different positions of the chamber. It has been observed that under certain conditions of discharge voltages and magnetic fields, the mixed mode oscillation phenomena (MMOs) appears, and it shows a sequential alteration with the variation of the magnetic fields and probe positions. Low frequency instability has been observed consistently in various experimental conditions. The mechanisms of the low frequency instabilities along with the origin of the MMOs have been qualitatively explained. Extensive linear and nonlinear analysis using techniques such as fast Fourier transform, recurrence quantification analysis, and the well-known statistical computing, skewness, and kurtosis are carried out to explore the complex dynamics of the MMO appearing in the plasma oscillations under various discharge conditions and external magnetic fields.