bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of IT Auditing and Checklist Generation Approach to Assure A Secure Cloud Computing Framework
Authors: Maheshwari Rajni , Patil Suhas H. , Dhotre S. S.
Published: June 2023

Recently, all over the world mechanism of cloud computing is widely acceptable and used by most of the enterprise businesses in order increase their productivity. However there are still some concerns about the security provided by the cloud environment are raises. In this project we are conducting the investigation studies over the IT auditing for assuring the security for cloud computing. During this investigation, we are implementing working of ID auditing mechanism over the cloud computing framework in order to assure the desired level of security. In the IT auditing mechanism, the concept of checklists are prepared for the cloud computing application and their lifecycle. Those checklists are prepared on the basis of models of cloud computing such as deployment models and services models. With this project our main concern is to present the cloud computing implications for large enterprise applications like CRM/ERP and achieving the desired level of security with design and implementation of IT auditing technique. As results from practical investigation of IT auditing over the cloud computing framework, we claim that IT auditing assuring the desired level of security, regulations, compliance for the enterprise applications like CRM, ERP, E-campus, E-learning etc.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Web Search Metrics
Authors: Jayanthi J. , Ezhilmathi M.
Published: June 2023

Software metrics are the key performance indicators, using which the performance of a system can be assessed quantitatively. Metrics can also be applied for personalized web search which can be used to retrieve relevant results for each individual user depending on their unique profile. Although personalized search based on user profile has been under research for many years and various metrics have been proposed, it is still uncertain whether personalization is unswervingly effective on different queries for different user profiles. We present a framework for personalized search which retrieves result based on user profile. We maintain user profile in the form of Preference Network (PN). We further propose metrics for ranking the search results based on user profile
Indexing Policies in Cloud Information Accountability for Data Sharing
Authors: Venkatesan G. , Ambika K.
Published: June 2023

Indexing Policies in Cloud Information Accountability for Data Sharing presents a new way to supplement the current consumption and delivery model for IT services based on the Internet, by providing for dynamically scalable and often virtualized resources as a service over the Internet. Here, User Control Policies files and Access control policies files are indexed, and then only we can search the particular file easily. Cloud Information Accountability (CIA) framework, based on the notion of information accountability. One of the main innovative features of the CIA framework lies in its ability of maintaining lightweight and powerful accountability that combines aspects of access control, usage control and authentication. By means of the CIA, data owners can track not only whether or not the service-level agreements are being honored, but also enforce access and usage control rules as needed.. Access control policies and user control policies are spread across the cloud within the control of Cloud Service provider, the new user can enter their authorized login and fetch needed files, when these files are indexed. The integrity checks and oblivious hashing (OH) technique to our system in order to strengthen the dependability of our system in case of compromised JRE and also I updated to log records structure to provide additional guarantees of integrity and authenticity.
Context Aware Middle Layer Architecture for Service Discovery in MANETs
Authors: Pariselvam S. , Parvathi R. M.S.
Published: June 2023

In MANETs, Service discovery is considered to be a crucial entity since they don’t possess a centralized infrastructure for communication between nodes present in the environment. In addition, the level of security varies for each and every variety of services provided by through the network. Hence, there arises a necessity for deploying an efficient adaptive intelligent context-aware approach omnipresent in each and every node existing in the ad hoc scenario enabling reduce the complexity in providing the services to the network users. In this paper, we formulate an Adaptable Intelligent Discovery of context-aware services framework (AIDCS) along with the context modeling approach in order to introduce a middleware-level method that support user-centric semantic service discovery process for mobile users. In our approach, we modify the identifying relation among the different context by introducing a middleware-level approach that implements semantic languages to model the properties of interacting entities and environment. The Profile Matching Engine (PME) supports a matching algorithm that performs the matchmaking process between the offered and requested capacity in order to determine the degree of semantic compatibility between user/device and service profiles. This algorithm provides user with desired service features along with the flexibility of matching according to user’s preferences that provides the user with modified information on available services. The performances of AIDCS are studied with the help of evaluation parameters such as packet delivery ratio, throughput, control overhead, total overhead through ns-2 simulations by varying the number of compromised nodes. From the simulation results obtained, it is proved that the proposed mechanism performs well when compared to the other service discovery mechanisms available in the literature to a optimal margin.
Automation of Sub-Netting Problems Using Mathematical Modeling and Simulation
Authors: Hamood Hilal Al-Zakwani Mujahid , Basha Saleem , Khan Nasir Ahmed , Hashmi Mohammed Jameel
Published: June 2023

This paper aims to develop and implement an application to calculate the subnetting and how to find the optimized IP depended on hosts number. Many organizations need for speed and accuracy of accomplishment to divide networks into sub-networks, due to the need to divide the networks complicated steps and accuracy, the need for an automated system is advised to simplify and speed up the process is very important. When company purchase web hosting from internet service provider that mean purchase several static IP Addresses and all that IPs needs to store in database, as a result of the distribution of these IPs for different companies it make conflict and waste the time to search for booked IPs. Therefore, an automated system for store the information about the assigned IP in database can solve this problem. The main objective of this paper is to discuss the complexity of calculating subnetting from user perspectives and to create an automated system to generate the subnetting process and store booked IPs. A mathematical model has been developed for the above said process.
Proactive Measures on Account Hijacking in Cloud Computing Network
Authors: Annie Christina A.
Published: June 2023

The development of cloud computing services is speeding up the rate in which the organizations outsource their computational services or sell their idle computational resources. Even though migrating to the cloud remains a tempting trend from a financial perspective, there are several other aspects that must be taken into account by companies before they decide to do so. One of the most important aspect refers to security: amongst these security and trust issues, the user’s data has to be released to the cloud and thus leaves the protection sphere of the data owner. This paper focuses on various security issues arising from the usage of cloud services and especially hijacking of account/service the user of cloud computing arena. It also discusses basic proactive measures that can be taken to prevent or in other words minimize to the stealing of the user account details and services.
Permission Tracking Security Model in Android Application
Authors: Nandhini T. , Arulmozhi V.
Published: June 2023

Android permissions are rights given to applications to allow them to do things like take pictures, use the GPS or make phone calls. When installed, applications are given a unique UID, and the application will always run as that UID on that particular device. The UID of an application is used to protect its data and developers need to be explicit about sharing data with other applications. Android supports building applications that use phone features while protecting users by minimizing the consequences of bugs and malicious software. Android’s process isolation obviates the need for complicated policy configuration files for sandboxes. This gives applications the flexibility to use native code without compromising Android’s security or granting the application additional rights. Malicious software is an unfortunate reality on popular platforms, and through its features Android tries to minimize the impact of malware. However, even unprivileged malware that gets installed on an Android device (perhaps by pretending to be a useful application) can still temporarily wreck the user’s experience. Applications can entertain users with graphics, play music, and launch other programs without special permissions. In this paper we introduce tracking and monitoring of malicious activity of the apps that are installed by the user even from playstore using trusted permission based security model.
Information Security and Computer Security Using Neural Networks and Artificial Human Immune System
Authors: Senthil kumar S. , Kanakaraj R.
Published: June 2023

Human beings are involved in the care and repair of computer systems at every stage in their operation. This level of human involvement will be impossible to maintain in future. Biological and social systems of comparable and greater complexity have self-healing processes which are crucial to their survival. An immune system needs to be cognizant of its local host’s current situation and of its recent history; it must be an expert in intrusion detection. The body’s immune system deals with threats to the operation of the body using a number of pro-active and reactive systems. Additional tasks need to be devoted to protecting and maintaining a computer with an immune system so that human intervention can be minimized. Whether the root cause of the errors is faulty programming or simply a lack of foresight, human intervention is required in computing systems with a regularity which borders on the embarrassing.With an immune system, a computer could detect problem conditions and mobilize resources to deal with them automatically, letting the machine do the work. Although the phrase immune system’ would make many people think immediately of computer viruses, there is much more to the business of keeping systems healthy than simply protecting them from attack by hostile programs. If one thinks of biological systems or other self-sufficient systems, such as cities and communities, some of the most critical subsystems are involved in cleaning up waste products, repairing damage and security through checking and redundancy. It would be unthinkable to do without them.
Dual Authentication Using Mobile Application in Cloud Computing
Authors: Barathi D.
Published: June 2023

Internet is that the center of all style of social and monetary activities. It’s enabled organizations to supply their services on-line. Customers feel easier to avail on-line services like ebanking services rather than ancient banking services. They will gain these services twenty four hours each day from their homes. It saves their time and cash and conjointly provides them a lot of open marketplace for comparison. However at same time, security is that the biggest challenge in electronic atmosphere. In past few years, electronic banking has suffered from many malicious attacks like phishing scams, man within the middle attacks and malicious computer code attacks. To beat these issues the Mobile phones square measure ordinarily employed by net servers to validate user’s identification and authentication. It enhances user’s trust in on-line transactions and empowers him to use his mobile network as a further layer of security. This mechanism is understood as Mobile group action Authentication system of numeration (mTAN) that is employed by e-banks and social media sites. This technique has some weakness and users square measure still susceptible to serious security risks. Unauthorized people will notice their ways that to urge unauthorized access in ancient mTAN system. During this project, we’ve got explored weaknesses in current mTAN system and planned an answer for reliable and secure use of 2 layer security.
Design and Development of COA-Leach: A well-organized Energy Hypothesize Constructed on Energy Price Demonstrating in Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Ravichandran S. , Umamaheswari M.
Published: June 2023

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consists of huge collection of small, battery-powered sensor nodes. Advancements in the WSN give a new scope and dimension for implementing WSN in real-time applications. WSN is inexpensively implemented in the desired area to monitor space, things, and the interaction between the things and encompassing space such as surveillance, intelligent alarm, pipeline and location monitoring, natural disaster monitoring, etc. For processing, transmission and aggregation of data for the aforementioned monitoring functions, nodes consume more energy. This becomes a daunting challenge for WSN, since WSNs are limited with the limited power, processing time and storage capacity. In order to overcome resource constraints, authors of this article proposed a new comprehensive energy postulate that depends on the energy cost modeling named Cyclic Optimized Approach–LEACH (COA-LEACH). The model is constructed through thorough examinations of energy spend in a working WSN for deployment. The decision made in the deployment of nodes explicitly affects the sensing quality as well as the energy consumption of the entire network. Authors mainly focused on the self-rearrange for identification of the neighbor, which is useful for the energy conservation. The proposed generalized model is validated by experimented through spotting toxic gas and also authors in sighted the energy requirement for both the existing and proposed energy model.
A New Architecture for Image Retrieval Optimization with HARP Algorithm
Authors: Selvam S. , Thabasu Kannan S.
Published: June 2023

Image retrieval plays a vital role in image processing.The main aim of this paper is to build more generalized CBIR system, which increase the searching ability and to improve the retrieval accuracy. The proposed method is experimented and analyzed with large database. The result show that the architecture of new CBIR system is good performance in speed and decreasing retrieval time.
Necessity of DC Voltage Storage for Dynamic Voltage Restorer
Authors: Borakhade Swapnil R. , Anjali U.
Published: June 2023

Problems of voltage sags and swells and its severe impact on sensitive load is well known. To solve the problems custom power devices are used, one of those devices is DVR which is most efficient and effective modern custom power device used in power distribution network. DVR is a very effective series-compensation device for mitigating voltage sags. The mitigation capability of these devices is mainly limited by the energy storage capacity. This paper presents the application of DVR on power distribution systems for mitigation of voltage sag and swell. An adequate modeling and simulation of DVR, including controls in MATLAB, shows the flexibility and easiness of MATLAB environment in analyzing such compensating devices. DVR which is based on forced commutated voltage source converter has been proved suitable for the task of compensating voltage sags and swells. Simulation results are presented to illustrate and understand the performance of DVR in supporting load voltage under voltage sag or swell conditions and also to assimilate voltage capacity of DC storage unit of a DVR with transmission voltage, by considering various factors.
Detection of Improvised Explosive Devices Using Nanotechnology
Authors: Muthukumar K.
Published: June 2023

Security is the key factor of world’s peace. Terrorists are using Improvised Explosive Devices (IED) for their attacks. Identification of IED is not simple, the only way to identify IED is by using chemical sensors but using a chemo sensor is quiet complex, low sensitivity & not strong potential. Using nano sensors is much efficient & highly sensitive at the single molecule level. Nano materials provide a strong potential to create sensors for detecting explosives. Electronic noses – nano wire, nano tube and nano material devices are nano sensor concepts, to form detecting devices and also to detect the conventional bombs, plastic explosives and grenades. Generally IED can be identified by trained dogs but it is quiet difficult to maintain and using in sensational places. Electronic nose is mainly composed of chemical sensor system, sampling system and a pattern recognition system as a neural network. This composited detector can sense the odour difference caused by explosives and converts it to signals. For instance electrical conductivity in a nanotube changes due to interacting with molecules of an explosive analyze, as a result of highly selective adsorption. Nanomechanical effects induced by molecular adsorption offer unprecedented opportunities for trace explosive detection. Though nano is implied in some screening techonologies, really developed sensors are nanosensors as it have advanced sensitivity and selectivity of explosive detection systems. There are some challenges in detecting explosives such as fabrication of sensors, providing stability, sampling and reliable calibration and identification of pattern in complex changing backgrounds. Overcoming the difficulties nano sensors combined with advances in conventional detection platforms have high efficiency and stability to detect by advanced solution.
A Survey on Privacy Preserving Technique for Blocking Misbehaviors in Anonymous Networks
Authors: Patro Shatadal , Ambhaikar Asha
Published: June 2023

Anonymizing networks such as Tor allow users to access internet services privately by using a series of routers to hide the client’s IP address from the server. The success of such networks However has been limited by users employing this anonymity for abusive purposes such as defacing popular web sites. Web site administrators routinely rely on IP-address for blocking or disabling access to misbehaving users, but blocking IP addresses is not practical if the abuser routes through an IP addresses is not practical if the abuser routes through an anonymizing network. As a result, administrators block all known exit nodes of anonymizing networks, denying anonymous access misbehaving and behaving users alike. To address this problem, we present Nymble, a system in which servers can “blacklist” misbehaving users, thereby blocking users without compromising their anonymity. Our system is thus agnostic to different server definitions of misbehavior servers can blacklist users for whatever reason, and the privacy of blacklisted users is maintained.
Switching of Band Selection for Micro Scale RF Energy Harvesting
Authors: De Silva D. S. , Pirapaharan K. , Gunawickrama S. H. K. K.
Published: June 2023

Radio-frequency energy harvesting keeps a significant space for gathering a small amount of electrical power to drive specific circuits in wireless electronic devices.This paper presents the concept for band selection in order to provide a fair spectrum management process for micro scale energy harvesting in the radio frequency spectrum. The performance based on the associated power of the frequency channels at ambient and busy conditions is investigated in this work.
Review on Curvelet Transform and Its Applications
Authors: Kourav Arvind
Published: June 2023

The Curve let Transform gives better performance in terms of PSNR. Face recognition is very important for many applications such as: video surveillance, criminal investigations and forensic applications, secure electronic banking, mobile phones, credit cards, secure access to buildings. The curvelet transform is a multi scale directional trans-form, which allows an almost optimal non adaptive sparse representation of objects with edges. Curvelet have also proven useful in diverse fields beyond the traditional image processing application
Information Science (IS) and It’s Increasing Interaction with Electronic Science and Mechanical Sciences
Authors: Paul Prantosh Kumar , Shivraj K. S.
Published: June 2023

Information Science plays an important role in the field of applied science and technology. Information Science is truly responsible for several societal improvements like for removing information and digital divide, for improved Information society, creation of information based knowledge Economy and so on [9]. Information Science is mistakenly considered as Computer Science branch or Library Science field but it is totally different and interdisciplinary subject responsible for Information Transfer Cycle. Information Science has two foci manual and computational. The computational Information Science has several connection and relationship with the world of electronics and Electrical Science. In this paper we describe the interaction and interconnection in between the Information Science and with technology which mainly depends on Electronics and Electrical Science Emphasizing the contemporary scenario [10, 13].
Digitally Controlled Switch Mode Power Supply Based on Matrix Converter
Authors: Anu S.
Published: June 2023

In this paper, a switch mode power supply based on matrix converter is proposed for telecommunication applications. The conventional high power switch mode power supply consists of an AC/DC conversion with boost converter followed by a DC/DC converter to produce dc voltage. These rectifiers draw significant harmonic current from the utility, resulting in poor input power factor with high total harmonic distortion (THD). The proposed AC-AC system is an effective replacement of the conventional system which employs twostep power conversion. In the proposed approach, the matrix converter directly converts the low frequency (50 Hz, three phases) input to a high frequency (10 kHz, single phase) ac output without a dc-link. The output of the matrix converter is then processed via a high frequency isolation transformer to produce dc voltage. Control of the system ensures that output voltage is regulated and input currents are of high quality. The matrix converter forms an attractive topology of power converter for high power applications where factors such as absence of electrolytic capacitors, potentiality of increasing power density, reducing size and weight, good input power quality are fundamental. The proposed method is verified using Simulink toolbox of MATLAB 7.2 version.
Performance Analysis of Rake Receiver for SUI Channel Modelling
Authors: Kumbhalkar Shital B. , Khond Prashant R. , Sailaja D.
Published: June 2023

This paper is concerned about the performance of UWB system in the multiuser environment. The existence of several multiuser access can cause a significant performance degradation and hence the transmission rate. In this paper, an adaptive least bit error rate (LBER) Rake receiver used for synchronous CDMA UWB system for SUI channel modelling to mitigate multiple access interference and inter symbol interference. Combining weights of Rake receiver is adapted based on the LBER criteria and calculate the cumulative results.BER performance of the conventional MRC,MMSE and LBER Rake receiver can be studied by varying the number of fingers for different number of users and also compare with SUI channel. The conditional probability density function for the output signal is generated to analyze the effect of MAI and ISI at the receiver side. The proposed LBER Rake receiver with SUI channel shows that receiver can suppress MAI and ISI more effectively and also have the lowest path loss in the multiuser environment hence increases the number of active user and transmission rate.
Ranking and Optimizing of Location Based Services by User’s Behavioral Patterns Using Data Mining Techniques
Authors: Ravichandran S.
Published: June 2023

The utilization of the mobile technology devices is growing more and more, and the world is shrinking into a mobile. Recent advances in mobile technologies have meant that the technical capability to record and transmit location data for processing is appearing in off-the-shelf handsets. This opens possibilities to get the profile of the people based on the places they visit, people they associate with, or other aspects of their complex routines determined through persistent tracking using GPS enabled mobile phones. There must be recording of the users behaviors about the location information and stored it into the database. The services can be provided to offer customized information based on the results of such behavioral profiling could become commonplace. The GPS locations of the people have been mined to reveal places of interest and to create simple profiles. The information drawn from the profiling activity ranges from intuitive through special cases to insightful. User can send their desired query to find out the particular shop or object in real-time. This provides an efficient response to the user regarding their query, and it distinguishes which place is famous for which thing based on the previous queries from several users.
Passive Energy Recovery Snubber Based DC-DC Boost Converter
Authors: Radika P.
Published: June 2023

A dc-dc boost converter capable of delivering a high output voltage and efficiency is proposed. The proposed converter uses passive energy recovery snubber. The snubber is used to reduce the turn-off loss of the main switch and the snubber stored energy is effectively recovered into the output side. The simulation and experimental results of the proposed converter is compared with a conventional boost converter at low voltage conditions. The results obtained shows that the proposed model has high output voltage, efficiency and low switching loss.
Medical Image Fusion Schemes Using Contourlet Transform and PCA Bases
Authors: Nithya R.
Published: June 2023

Fusion imaging is one of the most modern, accurate and useful diagnostic techniques in medical imagin g today. The new technology has made a clear difference in patient care by compressing the time between diagnosis and treatment. Although image fusion can have different purposes, the main aim of fusion is spatial resolution enhancement or image sharpening. Also known as integrated imaging, it provides a computer link that allows for the combination of multimodal medical images into a single image with more complete and accurate description of the same object. The benefits are even more profound in combining anatomical imaging modalities with functional ones. For example, PET-CT in lung cancer, MRI-PET in brain tumors, SPECT-CT in abdominal studies and ultrasound images-MRI for vascular blood flow . outcome of MRI-CT image fusion has been shown to be able to assist in planning surgical procedure. Mainly, medical image fusion try to solve the issue of where there is no single modality provides both anatomical and functional information. Further more information provided by different modalities may be in agreement or in complementary nature.
Traffic Light Control System Using Raspberry-PI
Authors: Vidhyia M. , Elayaraja S.
Published: June 2023

Nowadays congestion in traffic is a serious issue. The traffic congestion can also be caused by large red light delays etc. The delay of respective light is hard coded in the traffic light and it is not dependent on traffic. In this paper we studied the optimization of traffic light controller in a city using microcontroller. The system tries to reduce possibilities of traffic jams, caused by traffic lights, to an extent. The system is based on raspberry-pi. The system contains IR transmitter and IR receiver which are mounted on either sides of roads respectively. Based on different vehicles count, the raspberrypi takes desicision and updates the traffic lights delays as a result. Thus based on vehicles count, raspberry-pi defines different ranges for traffic light delays and updates those accordingly. This recorded vehicle count data can be used in future to analyze traffic condition at respective traffic lights connected to the system. For appropriate analysis, the record data can be downloaded to the controller through communication between raspberry-pi and the computer then it will send correct signal into the LED lights . In future in this system can be used to inform people about different places traffic condition.
Multiloop Control of Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor Using Biggest Log Modulus Method
Authors: Anbu S.
Published: June 2023

A majority of the chemical processes are naturally a Multi Input Multi Output (MIMO) system because of the existence of many loops where the interactions between the loops are high. In a Single Input Single Output (SISO) control, the primary objective is to maintain only one variable nearer to its set point, though several measured variables are involved. In contrast to SISO system, the MIMO control involves maintaining several controlled variables at their relevant setpoints simultaneously, Cha et al. (2002). For controlling MIMO systems, a single loop tuned controller design procedure cannot be directly applied because of the heavy interaction among the loops.. A Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) is one of the versatile reactors which find its application in many chemical and petrochemical industries, exhibiting reasonably high non-linear behaviour. The control of CSTR throws a challenge to the control engineers to design a well-suited controller for its smooth operation. The interaction in the CSTR is phenomenal and hence in this present work, the Biggest Log modulus Tuning (BLT) is designed for the CSTR and performances are evaluated under various operating conditions through simulation.
Power Quality Disturbance Mitigation Using Filters Incorporating Neural Network Controller
Authors: Shilpa R.
Published: June 2023

Now a Days Harmonics in power systems is becoming a crucial issue due to the abrupt rise in the use of nonlinear loads. A Power Filter is one of the best answers to this problem.The filter performs the job by injecting compensatory currents that counteract them at the Point where seclusion has to be provided from non linearities. In order to infuse these compensatory currents unerringly,through the inverter which requires proper gating signals that trail the reference currents precisely through a controller. The reference current provides an estimation of the amount of harmonics. Consequently, perfect calculation of these reference signals foster generation of proper gating signals for the inverter are required.Accurate estimation is done using the P-Q theory, D-Q theory as well as the Adaline for Shunt and Hybrid Power Filter. DC Voltage across the capacitor is regulated using the PI controller and the Neural Network based control.
Cascade Refrigeration System: R404a-R23 Refrigerant
Authors: Rajmane Umesh C.
Published: June 2023

This study is presented a cascade refrigeration system using as refrigerant (R23) in low-temperature circuit and R404a in high-temperature circuit. The operating parameters considered in this paper include superheating, condensing, evaporating, and sub cooling temperatures in the refrigerant (R404a) high temperature circuit and in the refrigerant (R23)) low-temperature circuit. Diagrams of pressure versus Enthalpy have been obtained. Results show that a Tetra fluro methane (R23)-R404a cascade refrigeration system.
Gradient Search Technique Applied to Dual-Optimal Design of a 3-Phase Core Type Transformer
Authors: Basak Raju , Das Arabinda
Published: June 2023

Most of the power and distribution transformers in power system are 3-phase core type transformers. They are extensively used- as such their cost is a sizable proportion of the total system cost. Therefore they are to be designed cost-optimally. The optimality is with reference to an objective function, generally in presence of constraints. The design variables are to be varied within their given bounds and the optimal solution is to be reached in finite number of steps, satisfying the given constraints. The paper presents a method for optimizing the design, in presence of constraints specified by the customer and the regulatory authorities, through gradient search technique. The objective function is a weighted combination of the cost of the transformer and the running losses which is not a mathematically framed but obtained from the transformer design sub-routine through computer programme. The objective of this paper is to find out above objective function without mathematically framed function which leads to inaccuracy for approximation due to magnetic saturation and nonlinearity present in the system.Most of the objective function is framed by taking few terms from a polynomial to avoid complicacy of the function, such as core loss expression obtained from curve with the variation of flux densities. The starting point has been chosen within the allowable parameter space- the steepest decent path has been followed for convergence. The step length has been judiciously chosen. The hyper surface has been found to be concave. As such no local minima problem is faced. The method is best as it its convergence is quickest.
Impact of Climate Change in Kalabaland Glacier from 2000 to 2013
Authors: Rahul Singh S. , Dhir Renu
Published: June 2023

Glaciers are the coolers of the planet earth and the lifeline of many of the world’s major rivers. They contain about 75% of the Earth’s fresh water and are a source of major rivers. The interaction between glaciers and climate represents a particularly sensitive approach. On the global scale, air temperature is considered to be the most important factor reflecting glacier retreat, but this has not been demonstrated for tropical glaciers. Mass balance studies of glaciers indicate that the contributions of all mountain glaciers to rising sea level during the last century to be 0.2 to 0.4 mm/yr. Global mean temperature has risen by just over 0.60 C over the last century with accelerated warming in the last 10-15 years. The major impact will be on the world’s water resources. Many climatologists believe that the decline in mountain glaciers is one of the first observable signs of the human induced global warming.
Experimental Study on Eco-Friendly Low Cost Concrete
Authors: Abinlal B. , Michael Raj I.
Published: June 2023

To produce low cost concrete by blending various ratios of manufactured sand with used foundry sand & to reduce disposal and pollution problems due to used foundry sand. It is most essential to develop profitable building materials from foundry sand. The innovative use of used foundry sand and manufactured sand in concrete formulations as a fine aggregate replacement material was tested as an alternative to traditional concrete. The fine aggregate has been replaced by 95%, 90%, 85%, 80% and 70% of manufactured sand and used foundry sand is used accordingly in the range of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% & 30% by weight for M-30 grade concrete. Concrete mixtures were produced, tested and compared in terms of strength with the conventional concrete. These tests were carried out to evaluate the mechanical properties for 7, 14 and 28 days. As a result, the compressive strength and split tensile strength increased up to 20% addition of used foundry sand with 80% manufacturing sand. The compressive strength is increased by 28% and split tensile strength is increased by 33% as maximum. Keeping all this in view, the aim of investigation is the behavior of concrete by fully replacing fine aggregate (river sand) with different proportions of manufacturing sand and used foundry sand in concrete by using test like compression strength and split tensile test.
Time Optimization Technique Using Reliable Commitment Model
Authors: Surekh P. , Varadharaj A.
Published: June 2023

Construction is a very complex process and nearly every single project is unique. The resulting number of parts, relative lack of standardization, multiple participants and constraining factors make construction projects a difficult endeavour. Adding to this complexity is the high degree of interdependency inherent to the construction process. Complexity can be defined as “something made up of closely connected parts which are difficult to explain or understand, or a number of different parts intricately related”. Due to the inherent complexity, uncertainty, and variability of the construction process, it is important to study the root causes of time buffer used to protect against those challenging characteristics. Reliable Commitment Model, RCM, a new decision-making tool, using statistical models to develop more reliable work plans at the operational level in repetitive projects. RCM increases planning reliability, reduces variability, and promotes a continuous workflow with short waiting times. The main objective is to study the potential improvement on project performance when using RCM to manage WIP buffers at the site or operational level. Worker weeks and process progress are used as the main performance measures in a repetitive building project. RCM analyses the problems of planning process at the operational level shows that one of the most important reason for non-completion of weekly plans in repetitive project is the lack of WIP. RCM predicts the process progress by using variables such as Worker weeks, WIP buffer and planned progress, using Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) at the operational level.
Study of Delay Factors in Construction Management
Authors: Maheshkumar D. , A. S. Priyadharshan
Published: June 2023

In construction, delay could be defined as the time overrun either beyond completion date specified in a contract or beyond the date that the parts agreed upon for delivery of a project. It is a project slipping over its planned schedule and is considered as common problem in construction projects. To the promoters, delay means loss of revenue through lack of production facilities and rentable space or a dependence on present facilities. In some cases, to the contractor, delay means higher overhead costs because of longer work period, higher material costs through inflation, and due to labour cost increases. Completing projects on time is an indicator of efficiency, but the construction process is subject to many variables and unpredictable factors, which result from many sources. These sources include the performance of parts, resources availability, environmental conditions, involvement of other parts, and contractual relations. However, it rarely happens that a project is completed within the specified time.
Study of Plastic Waste Mixed Bituminous Concrete Using Dry Process for Road Construction
Authors: Tiwari Anurag V. , Rao Y. R. M.
Published: June 2023

Waste plastic is accumulation all over the world causing serious environmental problems. This paper aims to study the Plastic Waste Mixed Bituminous Concrete Using Dry Process for Road Construction. The study evaluates the addition of shredded waste plastic in the bituminous concrete which results in significant increase in the stability value and Marshall Properties of mix. The study reveals that the use of waste plastic in bituminous concrete is safe and sustainable for road construction
Multivariate anisotropic spatial modelling and sampling design using copulas
Authors:   , Mohomed Haseem Mohomed Amsar Mohomed Abraj
Published: June 2023

This thesis presents novel copula-based spatial models to improve the accuracy of predictions for spatial variables with multivariate and anisotropic relationships. These models are utilised to develop more effective sampling design frameworks, which can benefit industries modelling and analysing data measured over space. The methods presented in this research have broad applicability, such as to the fields of geology, meteorology, geochemistry, and forestry, and can lead to more informed management decisions while reducing field sampling costs.
Factors Affecting Travel Intention of Citizens of Pakistan via Premium Bus Services: A Case Study
Authors: Rana Freeha , Ameen Yasir
Published: June 2023

This study explores the impact of tourism related variables such as service quality, environmental concern, corporate reputation, word-of-mouth and travel intention on Pakistan's premium bus services. Data is collected through questionnaires and convenience sampling is used. For data analysis, SPSS and Smart PLS3 software are used. Theoretical results vindicated a positive relationship between travel intention and service quality as well as corporate reputation. This study identifies the positive relationship between corporate reputation and service quality with travel intention via premium bus services whereas travel intention has also the significant relationship with word of mouth and environmental concern. Pakistan has huge potential for tourism, and the government should focus on promoting it through measures such as improving infrastructure, fostering safety and security, highlighting its strengths, and showcasing environmental responsibility. By doing so, Pakistan can emerge as a major player in the tourism industry, drive its economic growth and it helps the customers to decide their tourism plans.
Mineral water bottling in Bulgaria
Authors: Hristov Vladimir , Valtchev Simeon , Trayanova Mila , Atanassova Radostina
Published: June 2023

Bulgaria is rich in sources of mineral water of temperatures in the range of 25 °C–100 °C and various chemical compositions due to diverse geological and hydrogeological conditions. A large portion of the reservoirs of low-mineralisation water is suitable for bottling. Most of them are situated in Southern Bulgaria and related to fractured hydrothermal systems, while in Northern Bulgaria mineral waters of low mineralisation are formed in the relatively shallow levels of artesian aquifers. In the last 30 years, the utilisation of bottled mineral water has increased and, currently, there are at least 18 bottling facilities, while 12 others have closed down for various reasons. The purpose of the present study is to characterise the chemical composition of the Bulgarian mineral waters utilised for bottling, in terms of geological setting, quality, compliance with regulations and possible problems associated with mineral deposition and corrosion. The water type largely depends on the host rocks. In most cases, sodium-type waters are utilized and, in the case of anions, bicarbonate and sulphate. The only exceptions are the waters formed in limestone, dolomite and marble, which are calcium-bicarbonate and calcium-magnesium type.
Comparative evaluation of the biological activity of a complex of ultrafine particles based on copper and zinc in the bioluminescence inhibition test
Authors: Sizova E. A. , Yausheva E. V. , Nechitailo K. S.
Published: June 2023

Modern methods of nanotechnology make it possible to transform macro- and micro-objects into ultrafine particles (UFP), while the process itself is accompanied by a change in the chemical and physical properties of the base material. Naturally, the biological activity of complexes of UHF microelements will differ from that of individual UHFs. In this regard, the purpose of our study was to study the dependence of the biological activity of the UHF copper + zinc complex on their physicochemical characteristics.Analysis of the data obtained allowed us to state that sample «C» had a high level of toxicity of the studied samples of UHF against the strain E. coli E. coli K12 TG1 pF1. Further, according to the observed effect, sample A was noted, while the effect of exposure to the studied UHF was dose- and time-dependent.As a result, the data obtained on the basis of the reaction of strains E. coli pSoxS::lux and E. coli pKatG-lux, the induction of luminescence of which is associated with the development of oxidative stress in cells, on the action of the studied samples of the copper+ zinc complex, made it possible to form a sample with the maximum effect «C». Further, according to the degree of development of the toxic effect, samples «B» and «A» decreased in the series. At the same time, the interpretation of the results of the response of the E. coli pRecA -lux strain, the induction of which is caused by DNA damage in cells, forms a different series of specificity: the greatest effect on bacterial cells among the studied substances, sample B was rendered, while the maximum luminescence amplitude was 70 units at 0.002 M, and the sensitivity threshold was at a concentration of 0.0004 M.Based on the data obtained, in our study, the degree of biological activity of UHF for a living system was determined by a combination of a number of physicochemical parameters: shape, phase composition, and specific surface area
Use of modern methods for diagnostics of diseases of the heptobiliary system
Authors: Popova O. S. , Ponamarev V. S. , Kostrova A. V. , Agafonova L. A.
Published: June 2023

In modern clinical veterinary practice, in the overwhelming majority of cases, the diagnosis associated with pathologies of the hepatobiliary system is established on the basis of a combination of clinical, laboratory and instrumental data, which is a rather laborious and cost-intensive process, which makes it relevant to search for new methods with more relevant. Laboratory assessment of the hepatobiliary system has several goals, including: determining the presence of hepatobiliary pathology, determining the presence of liver disease, including primary or secondary hepatitis, determining the definitive type of liver disease, and monitoring response to therapy or disease progression. We have comprehensively analyzed existing studies in the field of using various methods for diagnosing pathologies of the hepatobiliary system, identifying the most promising approaches from the point of view of veterinary hepatology for their further possible introduction into industry practice. The search and processing of scientific publications was carried out according to the recommendations of H. Snyder [10] for writing review articles. An assessment is given to the positive and negative sides of each technique.Based on the analyzed literature, it can be concluded that, despite the knowledge of the issues of hepatology and the diagnosis of liver diseases, there are gaps and weaknesses in any diagnostic model. Thus, one potential diagnostic model that is promising but little studied is the use of clearance tests. Functional tests allow not only to diagnose and differentiate hepatopathologies, but also to visualize their course and liver recovery.Also, unlike statistical tests, clearance tests allow you to evaluate the work of the liver in dynamics.