bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A practical approach to adjusting for population stratification in genome-wide association studies: principal components and propensity scores (PCAPS)
Authors: Zhao Huaqing , Mitra Nandita , Kanetsky Peter A. , Nathanson Katherine L. , Rebbeck Timothy R.
Published: December 2018

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are susceptible to bias due to population stratification (PS). The most widely used method to correct bias due to PS is principal components (PCs) analysis (PCA), but there is no objective method to guide which PCs to include as covariates. Often, the ten PCs with the highest eigenvalues are included to adjust for PS. This selection is arbitrary, and patterns of local linkage disequilibrium may affect PCA corrections. To address these limitations, we estimate genomic propensity scores based on all statistically significant PCs selected by the Tracy-Widom (TW) statistic. We compare a principal components and propensity scores (PCAPS) approach to PCA and EMMAX using simulated GWAS data under no, moderate, and severe PS. PCAPS reduced spurious genetic associations regardless of the degree of PS, resulting in odds ratio (OR) estimates closer to the true OR. We illustrate our PCAPS method using GWAS data from a study of testicular germ cell tumors. PCAPS provided a more conservative adjustment than PCA. Advantages of the PCAPS approach include reduction of bias compared to PCA, consistent selection of propensity scores to adjust for PS, the potential ability to handle outliers, and ease of implementation using existing software packages.
Spinal Cord Injury in Rats Disrupts the Circadian System
Authors: Gaudet Andrew D. , Fonken Laura K. , Ayala Monica T. , Bateman Emily M. , Schleicher Wolfgang E. , Smith Elana J. , D’Angelo Heather M. , Maier Steven F. , Watkins Linda R.
Published: December 2018

Spinal cord injury (SCI) perturbs many physiological systems. The circadian system helps maintain homeostasis throughout the body by synchronizing physiological and behavioral functions to predictable daily events. Whether disruption of these coordinated daily rhythms contributes to SCI-associated pathology remains understudied. Here, we hypothesized that SCI in rats would dysregulate several prominent circadian outputs including glucocorticoids, core temperature, activity, neuroinflammation, and circadian gene networks. Female and male Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to clinically relevant thoracic 9 moderate contusion SCI (or laminectomy sham surgery). Diurnal measures—including rhythms of plasma corticosterone (CORT), body temperature, and activity (using small implanted transmitters), and intraspinal circadian and inflammatory gene expression—were studied prior to and after surgery. SCI caused overall increases and disrupted rhythms of the major rodent glucocorticoid, CORT. Presurgery and sham rats displayed expected rhythms in body temperature and activity, whereas rats with SCI had blunted daily rhythms in body temperature and activity. In parallel, SCI disrupted intraspinal rhythms of circadian clock gene expression. Circadian clock genes can act as transcriptional regulators of inflammatory pathways. Indeed, SCI rats also showed dysregulated rhythms in inflammatory gene expression in both the epicenter and distal spinal cord. Our data show that moderate SCI in rats causes wide-ranging diurnal rhythm dysfunction, which is severe at acute time points and gradually recovers over time. Normalizing post-SCI diurnal rhythms could enhance the recovery of homeostasis and quality of life.
CHARACTERISTICS OF ASCORBIC ACID RELEASE FROM TPP-CROSSLINKED CHITOSAN/ALGINATE POLYELECTROLYTE COMPLEX MEMBRANES
Authors: Gierszewska Magdalena , Ostrowska-Czubenko Jadwiga , Chrzanowska Ewelina
Published: December 2018

Chitosan/alginate polyelectrolyte complex membranes (Ch/Alg) additionally cross-linked with tripolyphosphate (TPP) and containing ascorbic acid (AA) were prepared. The dynamic swelling behaviour of Ch/Alg/TPP and ascorbic acid release from the membrane were characterised in different buffer solutions. It has been found that the pH of the buffer solution affects the swelling and release behaviour of AA. Ascorbic acid release, observed over a period of 360 min, exhibited a biphasic pattern, characterised by a fast initial burst release, followed by a slow, sustained release. Different mathematical models were used to study the kinetics and transport mechanism of AA from Ch/Alg/TPP hydrogels. Drug release data were fitted to the zero order kinetic model and first order kinetic model. To characterise the drug mechanism, the release data were fitted to the Higuchi and Korsmeyer-Peppas equations. The initial burst AA release followed zero order kinetics and was quasi-Fickian in nature. The second step of AA release followed first order kinetics.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE DEACETYLATION DEGREE OF CHITOSAN IN THE FORM OF FLAKES ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF NITRATES V SORPTION FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS
Authors: Jóźwiak Tomasz , Filipkowska Urszula , Bugajska Paula , Kuczajowska-Zadrożna Małgorzata , Mielcarek Artur
Published: December 2018

The influence of the degree of deacetylation of chitosan from the range of DD = 75–90% on the effectiveness of sorption of nitrates from aqueous solutions was investigated. The scope of the research included: determining the effect of pH on the effectiveness of N-NO3 binding on chitosan sorbents and determining the sorption capacity of chitosan sorbents with different degrees of deacetylation after 5, 15, 30 and 60 minutes.
The effectiveness of sorption of nitrates on chitosan sorbents increased in the series DD=75% < DD=85% < DD=90%. Regardless of the degree of deacetylation, the sorption effectiveness of nitrates on chitosan was the highest at pH 4. The amount of nitrate-related sorbents was the highest after 30 min of sorption. A process time which was too long resulted in desorption of nitrates. The maximum sorption capacity for chitosan with the degree of deacetylation DD = 75, 85 and 90% was 0.59 mg N-NO3/g, 0.60 mg N-NO3/g and 0.87 mg N-NO3/g, respectively.
DETERMINATION OF THE HYDROLYTIC ACTIVITY OF WHOLE SALIVA USING CHITOSAN ASCORBATE AS A SUBSTRATE
Authors: Kochańska Barbara , Łukaszewska Mirela , Ochocińska Jolanta
Published: December 2018

The aim of this work was to evaluate of hydrolytic activity of whole saliva using chitosan ascorbate as a substrate. In this aim, the concentrations of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine were determined in saliva before addition of chitosan ascorbate, directly after addition and during incubation with chitosan ascorbate by 20 hrs. In this in vitro study were used sterile chitosan ascorbate in the form of powder. Chitosan was obtained from krill chitin. The ratio of ascorbic acid to chitosan was 1:1. The unstimulated whole saliva showed the hydrolytic activity in the presence of the chitosan ascorbate as a substrate.
PHARMACEUTICAL ASSESSMENT OF GYNAECOLOGICAL POWDERS WITH SODIUM ALGINATE CONTAINING A LACTIC ACID-CHITOSAN COMPLEX
Authors: Małolepsza-Jarmołowska Katarzyna
Published: December 2018

The insufficient duration of the drug’s contact with the vaginal mucosa does not provide adequate pH, conditioning the physiological biocenosis of the organ. This effect is hampered by numerous anatomic and physiological conditions which do not facilitate prolonged contact of the drug with the application site. This study has shown the impact of the used excipients and the ratio of lactic acid to chitosan on pH, dynamic viscosity and adhesiveness of methylcellulose gels obtained from powders. The addition of sodium alginate and excipients to these complexes allows various formulations to be obtained over a wide range of pH. Rheological investigations revealed an increase in the dynamic viscosity of preparations containing lactic acid complexed with chitosan and sodium alginate in comparison to gels without sodium alginate. Studies of the work of adhesion showed the effect of glycerol, 1,2-propylene glycol and their concentrations on the value of the work of adhesion.
BİLGİ YÖNETİMİ UYGULAMALARI KAPSAMINDA İNSAN KAYNAKLARI YÖNETİMİNDE MEYDANA GELEN DEĞİŞİMLER
Authors: Büyükyılmaz Ozan
Published: December 2018

The development and expansion of knowledge management as an important management philosophy has a significant impact on human resources management as well as on organization as a whole. In this context, knowledge management processes have been used as a strategic tool within human resources management.Therefore, functions of human resources management must adapt itself to this change. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of human resources management in the management of knowledge and to reveal the effects of knowledge management practices on the functions of human resources byexamining the relationship between human resources and knowledge management. In this context, a theoretical investigation was conducted. It has been determined that significant changes occurred on the functions of human resources management such as selection and recruitment, performance management, remuneration and reward, training and development within the framework of the knowledge management strategies.
ŞEBEKE YOLUYLA PAZARLAMA SİSTEMİNDE TEŞVİK PLANLARI VE GELİR HESAPLAMA YÖNTEMLERİ
Authors: Çakmak Ali Çağlar
Published: December 2018

The multilevel marketing system which has been mentioned frequently nowadays takes place in marketing literature at direct selling, a non-store retailing’s subsection. In the multilevel marketing system that is a type of direct selling, there are two different selling incomes promised for the direct sellers. One of them is selling income which occurs to sell products and the other is a payment income over a new member’s selling who is sponsored by an old member referred as sponsor. The multilevel marketing firms can use different compensation plans and income calculation methods when income is distributed to their members. These compensation plans and income calculation methods in multilevel marketing system have been explained in this research.
YEREL ÜRÜNLERİN PAZARLARA AÇILMASINDA ALTERNATİF BİR TİCARET MODELİ OLAN İNSAFLI TİCARETİN YEREL ÜRETİCİLER TARAFINDAN KULLANILABİLİRLİĞİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI: KARABÜK İLİNDE BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: Gümüşbuğa Fikret
Published: December 2018

The need to promote the production of natural products, the necessity of supporting small suppliers in every phase of production to recompense their endeavours, and the need for a model suitable to our country for marketing naturally produced goods are obvious. Fair trade, which is defined as fair worldwide, is seen as an alternative trade model encouraging small suppliers to produce natural products and secure their sustainability. In this research which seeks to find out if fair-trade is employable in our country, in-depth interview is made with small suppliers operating in the province of Karabuk. According to the results of the research, it is found that a trade model similar to fair-trade can be applied in Turkey and that it can provide competitive advantage for small suppliers.
İŞE BAĞLILIĞIN TÜKENMİŞLİK VE DEPRESYON DÜZEYLERİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ: SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARI ÜZERİNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: TANRIVERDİ Haluk , SARIHAN Mucize
Published: December 2018

The main purpose of this study is to examine the effects of health workers’ levels of work commitment on the levels of depression and burnout.  Having this purpose in mind, a questionnaire consisting of personal information form, work commitment scale, burnout scale and depression scale was conducted with 266 health workers of İstanbul Kartal Training and Research Hospital in May 2013. Data obtained from questionnaires were analyzed by SPSS 17,0 statistical software. Correlation analysis was utilized in order to determine the relationships among work commitment, burnout and depression levels of health workers whereas regression analysis was utilized in order to determine the effects of health workers’ levels of work commitment on the levels of depression and burnout. According to the results, it has been found that there are statistically relevant relationships among work commitment, burnout and depression levels of health workers. It has been concluded that the more health workers’ levels of work commitment increase, their levels of depression and burnout decrease.
TÜRK KÖKENLİ KOBİ’LERİN MALEZYA’DAKİ FAALİYETLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Polat Refik
Published: December 2018

It is undeniable fact that Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) plays important role in the economic development for all countries. In Malaysia, the SMEs represent more than 95% of the total business establishments; contribute more than 40% of the total output, more than 60% of total employment, and more than 45% of total value-added since year 2000. This study is an evaluation of the contribution of entrepreneurial competencies and business success in small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) which is Turkish origin entrepreneurs in the context of Malaysian economy. Through an empirical study of Turkish entrepreneurs in different sectors, this study explores the characteristics and attributes of Turkish entrepreneurs and their attitudes towards entrepreneurship and the entrepreneurial process and post-start-up of business in Malaysia. We also explore the motives, locus of control, and demographic attributes of Turkish entrepreneurs.
ÖĞRENME, ÖRGÜTLERDE ÖĞRENME, ÖĞRENEN ORGANİZASYONLAR TERİMLERİNİN TANIMI VE KAVRAMSAL AYIRIM
Authors: Tan Fatma Zehra
Published: December 2018

One of the most important competitive factor for businesses in this period which we live in the information age emerges as an information and learning phenomena. Knowledge of the business consists of learning. Learning, organizational learning and learning organizations concepts are important for businesses in this context. In our study, we aimed to define the outline of a literature review related to these terms.
DUYGUSAL ZEKA VE ÖRGÜT İKLİMİNE ETKİSİ
Authors: Yılmaz Ceyda , Fidan Yahya , Yıldıran Canan
Published: December 2018

Nowadays, high level IQ (Intelligence Quotient) of employees is not only enough for the achievement also it is necessary to have emotional intelligence for the organizations. Therefore, the aim of this study to identify whether the concept of emotional quatient in public institutions and measuring the effect of public emotional quatient to peoples around. In this context, a study was done by the participation of totally 180 government officials who working public institutions in Karabük city. As a result of the study, it’s identified that the government officials have a high proclivity of emotional quatient. Consequently, it has been found to provide an increase in the success of the organization by exhibiting of positive manners of the officials.
KARABÜK EĞİTİM ARAŞTIRMA HASTANESİ’NDE ÇALIŞAN SAĞLIK PERSONELİNİN HİZMET İÇİ EĞİTİMLERE BAKIŞI
Authors: Tan Fatma Zehra , Koç Zeynep
Published: December 2018

In service training as a necessecity of long life learning programme aims to make the workers more successful, creative and happy at their jobs.The aim of this study is to discuss the importance of inservice training for health staff. For this aim, first the teoretical framework was given. In this context, several aspects such as health staff adaptation process towards new developments in their career, how they can be effective and the importance of inservice training for health staff were discussed. In-service training provide knowledge and skills health staff in order to they use new educational technologies effectively and increase their performance. Briefly, This study discusses the aims and principles of in-service training for health staff in termsof different aspects. This study is conducted to learn Karabük Training and Research Hospital health staff on the professional development training and to give suggestions which is appliable to develop better professional development programmes.
EFFECT OF DIVIDEND POLICY ON STOCK PRICES
Authors: ALİ Adnan , Jan Farzand Ali , Sharif Ilyas
Published: December 2018

This investigates the effect of dividend policy on stock prices. Objective of the study is to see if there exists any relationship between dividend policy and stock prices. We analyzed 45 non-financial companies listed on KSE-100 index that have earned profits and paid dividend for a period of twelve year w.e.f. 2001. Technique adopted for sampling adopted is convenience sampling. As the nature of data is panel therefore, pooled regression, fixed and random effect tests are run. Random effect results are focused after applying Hausman’s test.Regression Results witness that Dividend per Share andRetention Ratio havean insignificant relationship with Share Market Prices.Dividend Payout Ratio has a significant positive relationship with Share Prices as supported by the Bird in hand theory suggested that owners give preference to a dollar of estimated dividends over a likely dollar of capital gains. Profit after tax, Earning per share and Return on Equity are the three control variables. Profit after Tax has insignificant relation to Stock Prices. Earnings per Share have positive significant relation to Stock Prices. There is negative significant relation between Return on Equity and Share Prices. It is recommended that firms in the sample should regularly pay dividend as it will cause an upward movement in the stock market prices. Whereas profit retention by firms will result in a decrease in the value of the stock market prices.
ÜRETİM YAPAN İŞLETMELERDE RANDIMAN ANALİZİ YOLUYLA DENETİM
Authors: Uzun Kocamış Tuğçe
Published: December 2018

Change and development of the manufactured goods and technology also affects production processes. Tax authorities have to follow these developments closely in order to identify tax base reliable and fair. In this context, efficiency analysis is a tax review procedures that to demonstrate the company's productivity and tomeasure efficiency, trying to establish the relationship between cause and effect which should be. Yield and fire investigations are conducted on books and documents primarily. When the differences are occurred authorities can deduction to ex officio. it is obvious that there are some difficulties in practice and taxpayers does not have standards. In our article, inventory control were discussed within the concept of tax audits. Yield analysis examining all aspects and it is devoted to the application for ensuring that the subject more understandable.
10 KAPLAN GÜCÜNDE KOBİLER Mİ? SOYU TEHLİKEDE İŞLETMELER Mİ?: ANADOLU KAPLANLARIN DÜNÜ, BUGÜNÜ
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Umut Can , CEVHER Ezgi
Published: December 2018

Recently, new industry focuses, improvement of small and big organizations and economical development in cities in which those organizations are located have become significantly important. Anotolian Tigers has been in literature since 1980s till today, as a group of cities portions of which are conspicuously developing and growing in terms of Turkey economy and industry productions, and as a term that is used for SMEs that trigger them. Within this framework, factors that are very important in the development of Anatolian Tigers and general characteristics of them within our country have been interpreted. In the last chapter, The largest 50 companies properties in the list of the Anatolian Tigers were investigated in years; 2010, 2012 and 2014.
SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARININ İŞE CEZBOLMA DÜZEYLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİNE İLİŞKİN BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: Özer Özlem , Saygılı Meltem , Uğurluoğlu Özgür
Published: December 2018

The aim of this study is to determine work engagement levels of health employees and to reveal whether the individual and demographic features of the employees have an effect on the level of work engagement or not. The population of study included all employees in Aydin Atatürk State Hospital. The sample is selected in the study, tried to reach the whole universe and a total of 414 usable responses were obtained. According to result of this study, there are statistically significant differences between employees’ evaluations related to work engagement level by level of education, occupational status and gender whereas total work years, age and marital status do not create a difference in terms of work engagement levels of employees.
YATIRIM FONU PERFORMANS DEĞERLEMESİNDE GÜNCEL YAKLAŞIMLAR VE TEFAS SONRASI DÖNEM İÇİN TÜRKİYE ÖNERİSİ
Authors: Temizel Fatih , Bayçelebi Berfu Ece
Published: December 2018

In recent years,number of mutual funds has shown a remarkable increase in Turkey. While the number and kind of mutual funds, which assess the collected funds on the basis of risk management, increases, it is becoming more important for investors to choose between several variety of funds. Especially after the activation of the Turkey Electronic Funds Exchange Platform (TEFAS) by Custody Bank and Central Registry Agency of Turkey in 2011/2015, mutual funds have becoma available for more effective use by individual investors. After the TEFAS platform which is enabling individual investors access high performing funds, the need of performance valuation studies which will contribute to making effective decisions between funds have been increased. Supporting mutual fund performanceand valuation issues with academic studies and gaining accessible information to system, will contribute to the healthy functioning of the fund market. For this reason, it is essential to apply the most appropriate performance valuation methods. In this work, the methods used in the performance measurement ofInvestment Fund Industry, data sets and periods of the studies in Turkey and the world are analyzed. From those analysis we try to discover the advantages/disadvantages of different approaches. Thus, arecent performance evaluation of investment funds traded on Turkey will be recommended.
A DISCUSSION ABOUT PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ENTREPRENEURS IN THE CONTEXT OF CULTURE’S IMPACT
Authors: Mayatürk Akyol Evrim
Published: December 2018

Economic, social, cultural, and technologic changes in globalized world have increased the need to production and entrepreneurship which has an important place in all economies in terms of development. The people who will realize enterprise are individuals having entrepreneurial characteristics. Because it can be considered that to determine the personal characteristics of entrepreneurs will be able to contribute to identifying candidates for the entrepreneurship and directingthem. To determine entrepreneurial characteristics also benefit to identifying deficiencies and eliminating them. In this context, explanation of different characteristics peculiar to entrepreneurs and evaluation of them in terms of various cultures are aimed in this theoretical study which is based on literature review.
MOTİVASYON ARAÇLARININ ÖRGÜTSEL BAĞLILIK ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: KAMU KURUMLARINDAKİ X VE Y KUŞAĞI KARŞILAŞTIRMASI
Authors: Kerse Gökhan
Published: December 2018

The main purpose of this study is to explore the effects of the motivational tools (intrinsic and extrinsic) on the organizational commitment (normative, continuance and affective commitment). In the study were also compared caring levels to motivation tools of X generation and Y generation and levels to their organizational commitment. In this context, data were collected through survey method from171 public sector employees. Gathering data were analysed by using SPSS. The main finding showed that there is effects the motivational tools on organizational commitment.
KONUT PAZARLAMASINDA MÜŞTERİ MEMNUNİYETİNİN ÖLÇÜLMESİ: SAFRANBOLU ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: Özgüner Kılıç Hicran , Özer Hüseyin Alper
Published: December 2018

Keeping existing customers has become more important for busineses than the acquisition of a new customer in the context of both the globalization process and the intense competition lived within this period in all business sectors. Therefore, the determination of customer satisfaction has become one of the primary priorities of businesses. Goods and services produceers put emphasis on consumer satisfaction which is the one of the important issues, as well as residential producer individuals and businesses. Although there are numerous studies which dealt with the customer satisfaction issue in the literatüre, the number of studies made in the residential marketing field is so few that this matter has been the biggest motivation to perform this study. In this context, this study has been done to determine the customer satisfaction level reached by residential producers whose number is increasing day after day in Safranbolu. At the same time, the investigation has been conducted to determine residential buyers’ satisfaction in Safranbolu by using the face-to-face survey method with customers who led to 247 usable surveys. The obtained results evaluation shows, in a general way, that the participants who bought houses have gained a moderate level of satisfaction.
KURUMSAL YÖNETİM ENDEKSİ KAPSAMINDAKİ İŞLETMELERİN FİNANSAL PERFORMANS ANALİZİ
Authors: Temizel Fatih , Doğan Hamza , Bayçelebi Berfu Ece
Published: December 2018

According to regulations of Capital Market Board (CMB), Corporate Governance Principles Compliance Notes are given by independent rating institutions to companies whose shares are traded on Borsa İstanbul. Via those notes the 50 most successful companies on corporate governance are determined. In order to obtain indicators for the price and yield analysis, the 50 most successful shares are included in the Borsa İstanbul Corporate Governance Index. In this study with the exception of financial sector companies, financial performance ranking of 34 out of 50 companies of the Corporate Governance Index is performed by TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) method. TOPSIS method was used based on the 10 financial ratios of the companies. 5 year performance rankings covering the years 2011-2015 were obtained and the ranking changes were examined. Finally, the 5-year average performance rankings were calculated and financial performance ratings of the companies in the index for 5 years is revealed.
ÖRGÜTLERDE ÖRGÜTSEL BOLLUĞUN GİRİŞİMSEL ORYANTASYON ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ
Authors: Gürkan Nurdan , Çakmak Ahmet Ferda
Published: December 2018

The concept of entrepreneurial orientation, which emerges with the development of strategic management, refers to entrepreneurship orientations of businesses. The businesses need resources in other words organizational slack in order to develop their entrepreneurial trends. The organizational slack consists of three slack type. These slack types are available slack, recoverable slack and potential slack. The purpose of this study is to examine whether organizational slack in the businesses has an effect on entrepreneurial orientation. The relationship between organizational slack and entrepreneurial orientation was investigated through 20 companies that were traded in Borsa Istanbul Corporate Governance Index for 2010-2014 period using panel data analysis method. The results of the study indicate the existence of a statistically significant relationship between and the available slack and the recoverable slack with the entrepreneurial orientation in the businesses. According to findings; there was no statistically significant relationship between potential slack and entrepreneurial orientation.
TÜKETİCİLERİN İLGİLENİM, MEMNUNİYET ve SADAKAT DÜZEYLERİ CİNSİYETE GÖRE DEĞİŞMEKTE MİDİR?
Authors: Özbek Volkan , Külahlı Aycan
Published: December 2018

The main aim of this study is to reveal whether consumers’ product involvement, satisfaction and loyalty levels differentiate in terms of smart phones and perfume. In order to achieve this goal, a research was implemented by using survey method on 665 Balıkesir University Burhaniye School of Applied Science students who are determined with convenience sampling method. The reason of using this sample is the anticipation of that university students’ consciousness and involvement levels about smart phones and perfumes might be higher than other populations. The research results demonstrate that there are differences according to gender in symbolic value, risk probability, and hedonic value dimensions of involvement terms of smart phones. In terms of perfume products involvement, the results also indicate that there are differences according to gender in interest and hedonic value dimensions of involvement. In addition, it is identified that satisfaction and loyalty towards perfume brands is higher for women than men. However, it is found that satisfaction and loyalty levels towards smart phones do not show any difference according to gender.
SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARININ ÖRGÜTSEL DEPRESYON DÜZEYLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: SAYGILI Meltem , AVCI Keziban , UĞURLUOĞLU Özgür , ÖZER Özlem
Published: December 2018

The aim of this study is to determine the level of organizational depression of health care workers and to reveal whether the individual and demographic characteristics of the employees are effective on the level of organizational depression or not. The universe of this work that is a descriptive research covers whole health care workers who serve in a public hospital in Ankara. In the study, sampling method was not applied, the whole universe (670) was tried to be reached, the data were obtained from total 278 workers. According to the results derived from the study, it has been determined that organizational depression levels of health care workers participating in the study show a statictically significant difference in line with their occupational status and age, but their marital status, gender, education and working experience do not create a difference in terms of organizational depression levels. In the research, it has been fixed that the level of organizational depression falls as age increases and the level of organizational depression of nurses is higher than physicians and other health care workers.
PSİKOLOJİK GÜÇLENDİRME DÜZEYLERİNE BAĞLI OLARAK ÖĞRETMENLERİN İŞE YÖNELİK DAVRANIŞLARINDA FARKLILIKLAR OLUŞUR MU?: BİR ALAN ARAŞTIRMASI
Authors: BAKAN İsmail , ERŞAHAN Burcu , BÜYÜKBEŞE Tuba , OKUMUŞ Mustafa Tuncer , AKMEŞE Ayşegül
Published: December 2018

Küreselleşen rekabetçi iş ortamında rekabetçi üstünlük sağlamada insan kaynağının önemli bir kaynak olduğu ve güçlendirilmiş çalışanın işletmeye daha çok katkı sağlayacağı düşünüldüğünden, güçlendirilmiş çalışanların işe yönelik davranışlarında nasıl bir değişim meydana geleceğinin açığa çıkarılması, günümüz işletmeciliği açısından önemli bir konudur. Bu çalışmanın amacı işe yönelik davranışlarda psikolojik güçlendirmenin rolünü açığa çıkartmaktır. Bu amaca ulaşmak için öncelikle psikolojik güçlendirme ile işe yönelik davranışlar [Katılımcı Karar Verme, İş Performansı, İş Tatmini, İş-Aile Çatışması, Aile-İş Çatışması, Rol Çatışması, Rol Belirsizliği] arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmiş olup, daha sonra farklı psikolojik güçlendirme düzeylerine bağlı olarak katılımcıların işe yönelik davranış algılamalarında anlamlı farklılık olup olmadığı araştırılmıştır. Elde edilen verilere göre öğretmenlerin psikolojik güçlendirme düzeylerine bağlı olarak katılımcı karar verme, iş performansı, iş tatmini, aile-iş çatışması, rol çatışması ve rol belirsizliği algılamaları arasında anlamlı farklılıklar ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu bulgular, çalışanların psikolojik güçlendirme düzeylerine göre işe yönelik davranışlarda farklılıklar ortaya çıktığını göstererek, psikolojik güçlendirmenin davranışlar üzerinde önemli etkiye sahip olduğunu savunan literatürü destekler niteliktedir.
ÖRGÜTSEL SÜREÇLERDEKİ KUŞAKLARARASI ÇATIŞMALARDA KÜLTÜREL DEĞİŞİMLERİN ROLÜ: AKADEMİSYENLERE YÖNELİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: ERDEN AYHÜN Sena
Published: December 2018

Kültürel yapıda gerçekleşen değişim olgusu toplumsal yapıda değer, inanç ve davranış farklılıklarını beraberinde getirmiştir. Söz konusu değişim olgusunun yetişkin kuşaklar tarafından kabul edilmemesi, yeni kuşakların davranışlarının anlaşılamaması yeni ve yetişkin kuşaklar arasında çatışmalar yaşanabilmesini gündeme getirmektedir. Bireylerin öncelikli olarak aile ortamında yaşadıkları çatışmalar, bir işletme bünyesinde çalışmaya başladıklarında da kendisini göstermektedir. Literatürde yapılan pek çok teorik bazlı çalışma kuşaklararasında yaşanan çatışmaların kültürel değişimlerle ilişkili olabileceğini ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışmada üniversitelerde görev yapan X kuşağı akademisyenlerinin kendisinden küçük kuşak olarak isimlendirilen Y kuşağı ile çatışma yaşayıp yaşamadığı belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Ayrıca Y kuşağı akademisyenlerinin de kendisinden büyük kuşaklar olan isimlendirilen X kuşağı, Baby Boomers kuşağı ve sessiz kuşaklar ile çatışma yaşayıp yaşamadıkları araştırılmıştır. Buna ilaveten araştırmada kültürel boyutları ölçen değişkenlerden belirsizlikten kaçınma, güç mesafesi, kolektivizm I, kolektivizm II, atılganlık, cinsiyet ayrımcılığı, geleceğe yönelik olma, performansa yönelik olma ve insani yaklaşım boyutlarındaki değişimler ile kuşaklararası çatışmaların ilişkisi araştırılmıştır.Veriler anket yöntemi ile web üzerinden, yüz yüze görüşme ve faks yoluyla toplanmış, kullanılabilir durumda olan 428 anket elde edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde yapısal eşitlik modelinden yararlanılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda; X kuşağının Y kuşağı ile, Y kuşağının da X kuşağı, Baby Boomers kuşağı ve sessiz kuşak ile nadiren çatışma yaşadıkları belirlenmiştir. Kültürel boyutlardaki kolektivizm II, performans odaklılık boyutlarıyla, kuşaklararası çatışmaların ilişkisi ters yönlü, cinsiyet ayrımcılığı ile kuşaklararası çatışmaların ilişkisi pozitif yönlü bulunmuştur.
THE MEDIATING ROLE OF GREEN ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE BETWEEN SUSTAINABILITY AND GREEN INNOVATION: A RESEARCH IN TURKISH COMPANIES
Authors: TEPE KÜÇÜKOĞLU Mübeyyen
Published: December 2018

This study aims to examine Turkish companies from a sustainability and green innovation point of view. Through this purpose, this research’s objective is to find out relationship between sustainability drivers and green innovation and also to search for green organizational culture’s mediation effect in this relationship. Survey was carried in companies operating in Turkey which were listed among Istanbul Chamber of Industry (ICI) Top 500 companies for last 3 years successively and have ISO14001 Environmental Management Certificate. According to the survey results, it was manifested that factors directing companies to sustainability having a positive relationship with green organizational culture and green innovation. It is found that there is a partial mediation effect of green organizational culture between sustainability drivers and green innovation.
VERGİ MEVZUATI AÇISINDAN KANUNEN KABUL EDİLMEYEN GİDERLERE YÖNELİK HATALI İŞLEMLERİN TESPİTİ, DÜZELTME VE MUHASEBE KAYITLARI
Authors: TAZEGÜL Alper
Published: December 2018

Ticari kâr ve mali kâr ayrımında karşımıza çıkan en önemli kavramlardan biri kanunen kabul edilmeyen giderlerdir. Ticari kârın tespitinde kanunen kabul edilmeyen giderler niteliğinde olan bazı giderler indirim konusu yapılabilirken mali kârın tespitinde bu giderler indirim konusu yapılamamaktadır. Dolayısıyla genelde vergi matrahını oluşturan mali kârın tespiti için kanunen kabul edilmeyen giderlerin doğru uygulanması önem arz etmektedir. Bu nedenle kanun koyucu Gelir Vergisi Kanunu’nun 40. maddesinde indirim konusu yapılabilecek giderleri belirtmiştir. İndirim konusu yapılabilecek bu giderler dışındaki bütün giderler kanunen kabul edilmeyen giderler olarak kabul edilmektedir. Aynı kanunun 41. maddesinde indirim konusu yapılamayacak giderler ayrıca sayılmıştır. Bu sayılan giderler de tereddüt oluşturmayacak şekilde kanunen kabul edilmeyen giderler olarak göz önünde bulundurulacaktır. Fakat uygulama açısından dikkate alındığında bazı giderlerin; kanunen kabul edilmeyen gider olarak dikkate alınıp alınmayacağı veya ücret olarak dikkate alınıp stopaja tabi tutulması gerekliliğinin söz konusu olup olmadığı gibi konular açısından tereddüt oluşturduğu görülmektedir. Bu kapsamda, çalışmada kanunen kabul edilmeyen giderlere ilişkin uygulamada karşılaşılan hatalara ve bunların düzeltilmiş muhasebe kayıtlarına yer verilmiştir.
ŞEHRİN ÜNİVERSİTEYİ DEĞERLENDİRMESİ ÜZERİNE BİR UYGULAMA: NEVŞEHİR ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ACAR Neşe
Published: December 2018

Üniversiteler, ülkelerin ve bölgelerin gelişmesinde rol alan en önemli faktörlerden biridir. Günümüzde küreselleşmenin artması ve bölgesel değerlerin önem kazanması ile üniversiteler için şehir ile etkileşimi ve şehrin onu algılayış biçimi önem kazanmıştır. Üniversiteler bulunduğu şehir için önemli birer kaynaktır ve önemli katkılar sağlamaktadır. Üniversitenin şehre katkıları değerlendirilirken, şehrin ihtiyaçları dikkate alınarak sorun ve önceliklerinin belirlenmesi önemlidir. Bu noktada üniversitenin işbirliği yaptığı kurumlar ve hangi alanlarda işbirliği yapılabileceğinin belirlenmesi, bilginin karşılıklı kullanılması ve üniversitelerin şehirde algılanma düzeylerinin belirlenmesi önemlidir. Bu çalışmada katılımcıların üniversite ile ilgili algılama düzeylerinin tespit edilmesine yer verilmiştir. Üniversite ile ilgili ifadelerin algılanmasında farklılık olup olmadığını tespit etmek amacıyla t-Testi ve Tek Yönlü Varyans analizi yapılmıştır. Genel olarak üniversite ile ilgili ifadelerin katılımcılar tarafından olumlu olarak değerlendirildiği görülmüştür. Ayrıca cinsiyet, medeni durum, yaş, eğitim ve gelir bakımından ifadelerin algılanmasında farklılıklar olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN İLERİ FİNANSAL OKURYAZARLIK DÜZEYLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ, ANADOLU ÜNİVERSİTESİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Ali , TEMİZEL Fatih
Published: December 2018

2008 Küresel Finans Krizi bireyin finansal sorumluluklarını artırmıştır. Sorumlulukları yerine getirebilmenin temel koşulu finansal okuryazar olmaktır. Bu çalışmada ise üniversite öğrencilerinin finansal okuryazarlıkta ileri düzey becerileri sorgulanmaktadır. İleri finansal okuryazarlığın, temel finansal okuryazarlık ve çeşitli demografik değişkenler arasındaki ilişki de eş anlı olarak araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla Anadolu Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi’nde kayıtlı farklı bölüm ve sınıflardan 335 öğrencinin görüşleri değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmaya katılanların %35,7’ si ileri düzeyde finansal okuryazar bulunmuştur. Öğrencilerin ileri finansal okuryazarlık sınıf üyeliğinin belirlenmesinde en etkili değişkenin temel finansal okuryazarlık skoru olduğu belirlenmiştir.
CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IN THE CONTEXT OF BRAND POSITIONING IN SERVICE SECTOR: A CASE STUDY OF STARBUCKS IN ANKARA
Authors: YURTSEVEN Ömer , ŞANDIR Mehmet Serkan
Published: December 2018

It has become quite important to create a brand and increase brand awareness in today’s global world where the interaction among societies have increased tremendously. Brands that position themselves on a worldwide basis while keeping their own cultural traits, increase their chances of success. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of customer satisfaction and social activities on brand positioning. For this, a survey is conducted in one of the most successful service sector firms, Starbucks. Its customers’ satisfaction in relation to brand positioning in Turkish market specifically in Ankara has been explored. The results show that there is a meaningful relationship between customer satisfaction and brand positioning of Starbucks in Ankara. Participation by customers in social activities has also proven to have a positive relationship with brand positioning.
FİKİR LİDERİNİN AĞIZDAN AĞIZA PAZARLAMA YOLUYLA TÜKETİCİ SATIN ALMA DAVRANIŞI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: AKILLI TELEFON KULLANICILARI ÜZERİNE BİR ÇALIŞMA
Authors: UYAR Ahmet
Published: December 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı toplum içerisinde fikir lideri olarak görülen kişilerin ağızdan ağıza pazarlama yoluyla tüketicilerin satın alma sürecini nasıl etkilediğinin anlaşılmasıdır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda fikir lideri ve ağızdan ağıza pazarlama kavramları açıklanmış, çok aşamalı iletişim modelinde fikir liderinin rolüne değinilmiştir. Ayrıca konuyla ilgili akıllı telefon kullanıcıları üzerine bir anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Anket formu 388 tüketici üzerine uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin frekans ve yüzde dağılımları hesaplanmış, karşılaştırmalı analizler için t-testi ve varyans (ANOVA) analizinden yararlanılmış, ağızdan ağıza pazarlamayla fikir lideri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi için korelasyon analizi yapılmıştır. Çalışma neticesinde elde edilen sonuçlara göre fikir liderinin tüketici satın alma karar süreci üzerinde önemli bir etkiye sahip olduğu ve ağızdan ağıza pazarlamayla fikir liderinden etkilenme arasında anlamlı bir ilişkinin olduğu görülmüştür.
A REAL PERSONNEL SELECTION PROBLEM USING THE GENERALIZED CHOQUET INTEGRAL METHODOLOGY
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Yavuz , NALBANT Kemal Gökhan
Published: December 2018

The main objective in the selection of personnel is to select the most appropriate candidate for a job. Personnel selection for human resources management is a very important issue.The aim of this paper is to determine the best-performing personnel for promotion using an application of a Multi Criteria Decision Making(MCDM) method, generalized Choquet integral, to a real personnel selection problem of a case study in Turkey and 17 alternatives are ranked according to personnel selection criteria (22 subcriteria are classified under 5 main criteria). The main contribution of this paper is to determine the interdependency among main criteria and subcriteria, the nonlinear relationship among them and the environmental uncertainties while selecting personnel alternatives using the generalized Choquet integral method with the experts’ view. To the authors’ knowledge, this will be the first study which uses the generalized Choquet Integral methodology for human resources.
YENİ KAMU YÖNETİMİ VE KÜRESEL YÖNETİŞİM KAPSAMINDA TÜRKİYE’DE KALKINMA GAZETECİLİĞİ
Authors: SARAY Gülsen , KOFOĞLU Taner
Published: December 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine the press within the framework of 'development journalism', a kind of journalism which is responsible for informing the public about the administrative changes and transformation processes experienced by the country, by considering the implementation of ‘new public management’ concept in Turkey within the domain of the ‘global governance’ and ‘globalization’ phenomenon affecting the nation states.  It was assumed in the design of the study that long or short term social problems could only be observed in a time tunnel and that the dense break points were spread over time.  When some anti-systematic tendencies are examined in the historical process, it can be seen that the order settled in the administrative area can be suddenly reversed by causal relation.  Issues in the background of the current problems in Turkey, has been characterized by a feature of uncertainty under the influence of populist politics that have been exhibited over time by different governments coming to power since the cold war.  There are many reasons for the historical background of some of the disruptions seen in the administrative application practices of the new public administration approach.  These include the late arrival of modernism to Turkey; followed by dependence on international aid programs under the US and EU; being a party to international economic and military agreements; the time required to adapt the definitions of internal law to domestic law; informing citizens about the change and assimilating the transformation.  Therefore the relations between 'administration and the media' have been tried to be handled in connection with the global order.  In many non-Western countries, utilitarian practices of the new governance conception that developed after the abandonment of open or hidden colonial practices have also created an impact on the development of journalism and the differentiation of journalism genres.  'Development journalism' has played an important role in reflecting public administrative changes in Turkey to the public, which was never subjected to colonial rule by the West.  In this study, only a descriptive situation is detected.  It is expected to be useful for studies on the ‘administration’ and the media relations to be carried out later, during the change and transformation process of Turkey to a presidential system.  'Governance’ and media relations are handled together within the scope of new public administration practices and ‘global governance’ concept, which makes this work original.
Malignancy incidences by glycemic control among diabetic patients
Authors: Kobayashi Daiki , Kuriyama Nagato , Hirano Keita , Takahashi Osamu , Noto Hiroshi
Published: December 2018

Background

The aim of this study was to evaluate the difference in malignancy incidence by evaluating time-dependent HbA1c levels among diabetic patients in a longitudinal study.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective longitudinal study at large academic hospital, Tokyo, Japan, from 2006 to 2016. We included all diabetic patients who were 50 years or older and who underwent health check-ups at the Center for Preventive Medicine. Those patients with a prior history of malignancies were excluded. We categorized patients into five groups on the basis of HbA1c measurements: <5.4, 5.5–6.4, 6.5–7.4, 7.5–8.5, >8.5%. Our primary outcome was the development of any types of malignancy. Longitudinal analyses by a mixed effect model with time-dependent HbA1c levels were applied in order to take into account fluctuations in HbA1c levels within the same patient.

Results

In total, 2729 participants were included in this study, where the mean age was 62.6 (standard deviation (s.d.): 7.8) and 2031 (74.4%) were male. The mean disease duration of diabetes was 7.6 (s.d.: 7.6) years, and 1688 (61.8%) were prescribed medications. Median follow-up was 1443.5 (interquartile range (IQR): 2508) days and 376 (13.8%) developed malignancies. Compared to the reference range of HbA1c (5.5–6.4%), the odds ratios for developing malignancies among the other HbA1c level groups were similar and not statistically different (OR: 0.98, 95% CI:0.31–3.15 (for HbA1c <5.4%); OR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.69–1.12 (for HbA1c 6.5–7.4%); OR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.64–1.22 (for HbA1c 7.5–8.4%); OR 1.07, 95% CI: 0.70–1.66 (for HbA1c >8.5%)).

Conclusion

In our study, there was no association between glycemic control and the development of future malignancies. Compared to very strictly controlled HbA1c levels, both excessive control and good or bad control had a statistically similar risk of developing malignancies.
17β-Estradiol attenuates p38MAPK activity but not PKCα induced by angiotensin II in the brain
Authors: Almeida-Pereira G , Vilhena-Franco T , Coletti R , Cognuck S Q , Silva H V P , Elias L L K , Antunes-Rodrigues J
Published: December 2018

17β-Estradiol (E2) has been shown to modulate the renin–angiotensin system in hydromineral and blood pressure homeostasis mainly by attenuating angiotensin II (ANGII) actions. However, the cellular mechanisms of the interaction between E2 and angiotensin II (ANGII) and its physiological role are largely unknown. The present experiments were performed to better understand the interaction between ANGII and E2 in body fluid control in female ovariectomized (OVX) rats. The present results are the first to demonstrate that PKC/p38 MAPK signaling is involved in ANGII-induced water and sodium intake and oxytocin (OT) secretion in OVX rats. In addition, previous data from our group revealed that the ANGII-induced vasopressin (AVP) secretion requires ERK1/2 signaling. Therefore, taken together, the present observations support a novel concept that distinct intracellular ANGII signaling gives rise to distinct neurohypophyseal hormone release. Furthermore, the results show that E2 attenuates p38 MAPK phosphorylation in response to ANGII but not PKC activity in the hypothalamus and the lamina terminalis, suggesting that E2 modulates ANGII effects through the attenuation of the MAPK pathway. In conclusion, this work contributes to the further understanding of the interaction between E2 and ANGII signaling in hydromineral homeostasis, as well as it contributes to further elucidate the physiological relevance of PKC/p38 MAPK signaling on the fluid intake and neurohypophyseal release induced by ANGII.