bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Identification and Reservoir Architecture Characterization of Wandering Braided River in Nanpu 1-29 Area, Bohai Bay Basin
Authors: Pang Xueqian , Xue Cheng , Liu Yangping , Yin Li , Gao Yufeng , Yin Yanshu
Published: July 2022

Nanpu 1-29 Area of Jidong Oilfield in China is currently in the stage of high water cut and low recovery degree. The remaining oil development and adjustment are difficult because of the complex reservoir heterogeneity and the lack of analysis of the reservoir architecture due to the unclear river type. This study first used sedimentary background, granularity, core, and sand body distribution to determine the river type and believed it belongs to the wandering braided river. Combined with core and logging data, four types of sedimentary architectural elements were found in the study area, namely, channel bar, braided channel, floodplain, and basalt. Based on the scale measurement of many similar modern wandering braided rivers, core data, and empirical formulas, the scales of the braided rivers were determined. The quantitative relationships among the scale of the braided river, the channel bar, and the braided channel were established. With this constraint, the reservoir architecture was anatomized. The results showed two filling types of the braided channels, including sandy filling and muddy filling. The combination patterns of the channel bars and the braided channels could be divided into three types, namely, superimposed, standalone, and contact, and the contact type was the primary type. On the whole, it showed the geometric morphological characteristics of the flat top convex at the bottom of the channel bar and the flat bottom convex at the top of the braided river channel. A careful measure of the architectural element was executed. The length of the single braided flow belts was 365.16-1349.72 m, and the width was 270.57-1160.54 m. The channel bar’s length was distributed 158.89-318.32 m, and the width was distributed 75.97-116.41 m. The braided river’s width was distributed 16.81-180.05 m. The length and width ratio of the channel bar was concentrated between 2 and 4, which manifested wide bar and narrow river channel mode. Finally, the static distribution model and dynamic response curve were compared to verify the correctness of the reservoir architecture characteristics to guide the subsequent development of the oilfield.
Design and Research of Low‐Cost and Self‐Adaptive Terrestrial Laser Scanning for Indoor Measurement Based on Adaptive Indoor Measurement Scanning Strategy and Structural Characteristics Point Cloud Segmentation
Authors: Zhang Zhongyue , Zhou Huixing , Wang Shun , Xu Chongwen , Lv Yannan
Published: July 2022

Nowadays, TLS (terrestrial laser scanning) has been a relatively mature measuring equipment categorized to indoor measuring robots, but it is not widely adopted in indoor construction measurement at present. What accounts for its limited application are as follows: (1) the high cost of high‐accuracy laser LIDAR and (2) existing TLS equipment does not possess self‐adaptation scanning planning and takes no account of efficiency of point cloud processing and consumption of computing power. This paper proposes a novel TLS equipment and a high‐efficiency point cloud processing method customized for the novel equipment, with purpose to achieve self‐adaption measurement on the basis of indoor characteristics of construction during civil engineering at low cost. This paper mainly presents two parts of innovations: (1) for planning of scanning, the novel TLS features planning sampling density of scanning according to room size and converting scanning data from poses to point clouds, and (2) for processing of point clouds, this paper proposes two novel segmentation algorithms, namely, “on‐boundary segmentation algorithm” and “on‐angular‐distance segmentation algorithm,” based on indoor spatial structure features and characteristics of TLS. Besides, this paper presents modified RANSAC‐TLS (random sample consensus‐total least squares) plane fitting algorithm, on basis of TLS point cloud distribution characteristics and spatial transformation. Through actual measurement test, it is concluded that the “on‐boundary segmentation algorithm” and “on‐angular‐distance segmentation algorithm” are suitable for point cloud segmentation in different types of scenes. The modified RANSAC‐TLS have made a great improvement on accuracy of fitting versus LS (least squares), TLS (total least squares), and RANSAC‐LS. Finally, this paper conducts an experiment by executing an actual measurement and then preliminarily testifies the potential and future application of the proposed novel TLS (terrestrial laser scanning) equipment, with measurement parameters from it being changed in the experiment, by comparing with one existing TLS equipment—FARO. The test thus proves the relatively high feasibility and potential of the novel TLS presented in the paper (terrestrial laser scanning) in actual indoor measurement.
Exploring the Hot News on the Internet Based on Recommendation Algorithm for College Students’ Ideological and Political Education
Authors: Su Yahong , Lv Zhaojie
Published: July 2022

College students are the main group of Internet users. With the development of electronic technology and mobile communication technology in China, most college students can easily use computers to access the Internet, and almost all college students use mobile phones, and using mobile phones to access the Internet has become very common in Colleges and universities. The effect is more obvious, and it is easier for ideological and political educators to understand the real situation. In order to further improve the performance of the interest point recommendation algorithm, this paper proposes a time feature-oriented interest point recommendation algorithm. The basic methods of user-based collaborative filtering are given, the functions of spatio-temporal features are described, respectively, the corresponding model representation is given to fuse spatio-temporal features, and a joint recommendation algorithm is proposed. Experiments show that compared with other related algorithms, this algorithm has higher accuracy and recall and is more suitable for the recommendation service of points of interest.
Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth Attenuate Atopic Dermatitis Symptoms in Mice through Modulating Immune Balance and Skin Barrier Function
Authors: Xiong Hao , Yang Jin , Liu Tao , Liu Guangren , Han Yongzhi , Dong Xiuqin
Published: July 2022

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic skin inflammatory disease associated with immune abnormalities and disrupted skin barrier function. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been suggested as an alternative therapeutic option in AD. Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) are a unique postnatal stem cell population with high immunomodulatory properties. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of SHEDs on AD in the BALB/c mouse model induced by 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). SHEDs were administrated intravenously or subcutaneously, and clinical severity, histopathological findings, skin barrier function, and organ indexes were evaluated. Skin tissue cytokine mRNA levels and serum cytokine protein levels were further analysed. SHED administration significantly alleviated AD clinical severity, including dermatitis scores, ear thickness, scratching behaviour, and infiltration of mast cells. In addition, disrupted skin barrier function and enlarged spleens were restored by SHED administration. Further, SHED treatment reduced the levels of IgE, IgG1, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in the serum and the modulated expression of Th1-, Th2-, and Th17-associated cytokines in skin lesions. In conclusion, SHEDs attenuated AD-like skin lesions in mice by modulating the immune balance and skin barrier function. SHEDs could be a potential new treatment agent for AD.
Electrocardiography in Hypertensive Patients without Cardiovascular Events: A Valuable Predictor Tool?
Authors: Ricardo Pires J. , Teixeira M. , Ferreira F. , Viseu I. , Afreixo V. , Neves C.
Published: July 2022

Background. Hypertension is an important risk factor of cardiovascular (CV) disease. An early diagnosis of target organ damage could prevent major CV events. Electrocardiography (ECG) is a valuable clinical technique, with wide availability and high specificity, used in evaluation of hypertensive patients. However, the use of ECG as a predictor tool is controversial given its low sensitivity. This study aims to characterise ECG features in a hypertensive population and identify ECG abnormalities that could predict CV events. Methods. We studied 175 hypertensive patients without previous CV events during a follow-up mean of 4.0 ± 2.20 years. ECGs and pulse wave velocity were performed in all patients. Clinical characteristics and ECG abnormalities were evaluated and compared between the patients as they presented CV events. Results. Considering the 175 patients (53.14% male), the median age was 62 years. Median systolic blood pressure was 140  mmHg and diastolic blood pressure was 78 mmHg. Median PWV was 9.8 m/s. Of the patients, 39.4% were diabetic, 78.3% had hyperlipidaemia, and 16.0% had smoking habits. ECG identified left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy in 29.71% of the patients, and a LV strain pattern was present in 9.7% of the patients. Twenty-nine patients (16.57%) had a CV event. Comparative analyses showed statistical significance for the presence of a LV strain pattern in patients with CV events (

p
=
0.01

). Univariate and multivariate analysis confirmed that a LV strain pattern was an independent predictor of CV event (HR 2.66, 95% IC 1.01–7.00). In the survival analysis, the Kaplan–Meier curve showed a worse prognosis for CV events in patients with a LV strain pattern (

p
=
0.014

). Conclusion. ECG is a useful daily method to identify end-organ damage in hypertensive patients. In our study, we also observed that it may be a valuable tool for the prediction of CV events.
In Vitro Growth Inhibition, Caspase-Dependent Apoptosis, and S and G2/M Phase Arrest in Breast Cancer Cells Induced by Fluorine-Incorporated Gold I Compound, Ph3PAu[SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3]
Authors: Yu Richard Ming Chuan , Selvarajah Gayathri Thevi , Tan Geok Chin , Cheah Yoke-Kqueen
Published: July 2022

Gold-based anticancer compounds have been attracting increasing research interest due to their ability to kill cancer cells resistant to platinum-based compounds. Gold I- and gold III-based complexes have shown satisfactory anticancer activities. In this study, two new fluorine-incorporated gold (I) compounds such as Ph3PAu[SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3] and DPPFeAu2[(SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3)]2 were evaluated for their in vitro activities against human breast cancer cell lines, primary breast cancer cells, and breast cancer stem cells (parental breast cancer stem cells, BCSC-P, and breast cancer stem cells, BCSC). Assays for growth inhibition and cytotoxicity, including real-time cell analysis, were carried out to screen effective antibreast cancer compounds. In addition, further in vitro assays such as apoptosis, caspase 3/7 activity, and cell cycle analysis were performed to observe the action and mechanism of killing breast cancer cells by the selected gold I compound, Ph3PAu[SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3]. The gold (I) compound, Ph3PAu[SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3], showed low toxicity to H9c2 normal cells and significant growth inhibition in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells, primary breast cancer cells, and breast cancer stem cells (BCSC-P and BCSC). The IC50 doses of the gold (I) compound Ph3PAu[SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3] against the breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 were approximately 6-fold lower than that of cisplatin (cis-diamineplatinum (II) dichloride, CDDP). Moreover, the compound Ph3PAu[SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3] induced caspase 3/7-dependent apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at S and G2/M phases. Ph3PAu[SC(OMe)=NC6H4F-3], a gold (I) compound incorporated with fluorine, is a potential candidate for the treatment of breast cancer.
Clinical Outcomes of Repair of Complete Detachment of Medial Collateral Ligament at the Tibial Insertion in Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Jin Cheng , Song Eun-Kyoo , Jin Quan-He , Seon Jong-Keun , Sun Si-Mei
Published: July 2022

Purpose. Complete detachment of the medial collateral ligament (MCL) may occur during medial release of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in patients with severe varus knee osteoarthritis. This study was to determine functional and stability outcomes of repaired knee with complete detachment of MCL compared to those of contralateral nondetached MCL in patients with bilateral TKA. Methods. Records of 1052 consecutive knees undergoing bilateral TKA from 2003 to 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Of which, 45 patients were repaired for complete MCL detachment injury (2.1%) at tibial insertion in one side (repaired group). MCL was not detached in the contralateral side (control group). Clinical evaluation was performed preoperatively and at the final follow-up using KS and WOMAC scores between two groups. Similarly, stability was compared on a valgus stress radiograph between two groups. Results. Two patients had insufficient data. Hence, 43 patients were included after a minimum of 5 years follow-up. There were no significant differences in terms of alignment and clinical outcomes between the two groups either preoperatively or at the final follow-up (

p
>
0.05

). Radiographic stability also showed no differences between repaired and control groups in extension and 30° of flexion (

p
=
0.208

and

p
=
0.125

). Conclusions. For tibial detachment of the MCL during TKA, repair with suture anchor provided good clinical and stability results, similar to TKA without MCL injury. Therefore, repair with a suture anchor is a reliable method that provides good clinical and stability outcomes in patients with MCL injury during TKA.
Atypical Mucin Expression Predicts Worse Overall Survival in Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Qian Yunzhen , Gong Yitao , Liu Yu , Chen Yusheng , Wang Ruijie , Dai Zhengjie , Zou Xuan , Tasiheng Yesiboli , Luo Guopei , Lin Xuan , Wang Xu , Cheng He , Yu Xianjun , Liu Chen
Published: July 2022

Background. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) displays a typical mucin expression pattern which is characterized by MUC1 positive, MUC2 negative, and MUC5AC positive. More and more evidences show that mucins are involved in the development of pancreatic diseases. However, the relationship between mucin expression and prognosis of PDAC patients has been controversial in the past decades; therefore, we aim to figure out the association of mucin expression with survival in PDAC patients who underwent radical resection. Methods. We performed immunohistochemistry (IHC) to detect the expression of MUC1, MUC2, and MUC5AC in resected PDAC specimens from Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University (FUSCC,

n
=
427

) and obtained the corresponding clinical statistical data for retrospective study. Kaplan-Meier methods and Mantel-Cox tests were used to compare the survival curves, and the Cox regression model was employed for multivariate analyses to determine the independent risk factors. Survival analysis was also performed in the Queensland Centre for Medical Genomics (QCMG,

n
=
70

) PDAC cohort to verify the conclusion. Results. Both the FUSCC cohort and the QCMG cohort demonstrated that MUC1 absence was significantly correlated with worse overall survival (OS). The presence of MUC2 showed marginal significance in predicting shorter OS of PDAC patients, while MUC5AC had no prognostic value. In the FUSCC cohort, MUC1 absence was associated with increased proportion of stage III PDAC (

p
=
0.011

), and MUC1 absence and MUC2 presence were associated with tumour perineural aggression (

p
=
0.011

and

p
=
0.030

, respectively). Multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for mortality of MUC1 and MUC2 were 0.492 (95% CI: 0.274-0.883,

p
=
0.017

) and 1.596 (95% CI: 1.061-2.401,

p
=
0.025

), respectively. Conclusions. MUC1 absence or MUC2 presence is independently associated with poor OS among patients with resectable PDAC. MUC5AC absence tended to be associated with short-term death.
An Information‐Based Nursing Quality Evaluation Model of Daily PICC Work in Outpatient Clinics
Authors: Yi Qingmei , Li Xi , Chen Tingting , Li Zhiguo , Cao Xiaohong , Gu Wei
Published: July 2022

Our purpose of this study was to analyze the application value of the information‐based nursing quality evaluation model in improving the daily work quality of the PICC room in the outpatient department. From January 2020 to December 2020, 465 patients who received PICC treatment were selected as the research objects and divided into the observation group (265 cases, July 2020–December 2020, information‐based nursing quality evaluation model after implementation) and the control group (200 cases, January 2020–June 2020, before the implementation of the information‐based nursing quality assessment model). Compared with the control group, the children and their families in the observation group had higher PICC health knowledge and compliance scores, longer mean time for catheter placement, lower overall complication rate, and higher overall satisfaction rate after the intervention. The information‐based nursing quality evaluation model can improve the daily work quality of the PICC room in the outpatient clinic, improve the clinical efficacy of PICC in patients, and reduce the incidence of complications such as catheter shedding. It is worthy of clinical application.
The Challenges of HLA Class I Loss in Cancer Immunotherapy: Facts and Hopes
Authors: Aptsiauri Natalia , Garrido Federico
Published: July 2022

HLA class I molecules are key in tumor recognition and T cell–mediated elimination. Loss of tumor HLA class I expression with different underlying molecular defects results in reduced antigen presentation and facilitates cancer immune evasion. It is also linked to significant changes in tumor microenvironment and tissue architecture. In this review, we summarize the current advances and future perspectives in the understanding of the mechanisms of MHC/HLA class I alterations during the natural history of tumor progression from a primary lesion to distant metastases. We also focus on recent clinical and experimental data demonstrating that lack of response to cancer immunotherapy frequently depends on the molecular nature of tumor HLA class I aberrations. Finally, we highlight the relevance of detecting and correcting the absence of tumor HLA expression to improve immunotherapy protocols.
Decomposition: Partition as an Escape from Decay – A Gestalt of the Obsessive Life-World
Authors: Esposito Cecilia Maria , Goretti Stefano
Published: July 2022

According to phenomenological literature, the life-world of the obsessive subject is characterized by its claustrophobic closure, the attempt to stop the flow of time, and the inability to accept the formlessness hidden behind the form. The obsessive obstinately tries to build defences against what he cannot tolerate of reality and this effort causes loss of spontaneity in the pre-reflective dimension of existence, resulting in the thought process being oversaturated and ending up by blocking action. Our proposal is to unpack the phenomenon of partition in the obsessive’s world, analysing the similarities and differences with the schizophrenic life-world. In fact, although the mechanization and the predominance of a reflective dimension are similar in these psychopathological typologies, these phenomena are based on completely different foundations: the ontological question in the case of the schizophrenic subject, while the ontic question in the case of the obsessive subject. By decomposing reality, the obsessive tries to stem the dimension of the formless, which is hidden under the representative order of things which he cannot tolerate. Understanding the hyper-rationalizing tendency of obsessive thought offers important clinical implications by providing shareable insights into psychotherapeutic development.
Comparative study by numerical simulation of two methods for automatic flow control in centrifugal pumps
Authors: Cedeno Rogger José Andrade- , Rodríguez Jesús Alberto Pérez- , Jaramillo Carlos David Amaya- , Borges Ciaddy Gina Rodríguez- , Cedeno Endrickson Ramón Vera- , Fernández Luis Santiago Quiroz- , Albuerne Yolanda Eugenia Llosas-
Published: July 2022

Flow rate and pressure are variables of great interest in the process control industry, especially in pumping systems. With the help of modeling and simulation, it is possible to understand the operation of these systems prior to their construction, in addition to allowing their behavior to be analyzed in various operational scenarios and testing different control strategies. In this work, the hydraulic, mechanical, electrical and electronic models of the different components of the system are studied. Two study cases for automatic flow control are assembled, using Simscape library from MATLAB/Simulink R2019b. This study cases are: i) with a control valve and ii) with a variable speed drive. The simulations determined that both cases keep the flow constant in the face of pressure disturbances, with a good dynamic response. Case 2 consumes less power than case 1, between 24 and 64% less, especially at low flow rates. It also reduce unwanted mechanical and electrical problems due to sudden starts and stops. Case 2 produced harmonic pollution on both the grid and motor sides, which implies a potential risk for the motor and the electrical grid. Case 2 was experimentally validated, obtaining errors of less than 10%.
Analysis and comparison of single-phase induction motor operation from single- and two-phase power sources using MATLAB simulation results
Authors: Esmaeel Mohamed Adel , Hassan Nashaat M. Hussain
Published: July 2022

Single phase induction motor (SPIM) has zero torque, this motor has many types and the main objective is to find the starting torque of the motor. This is done by providing auxiliary coils that are mechanically separated or weakened after 75% of the engine speed. The real problem here is that these auxiliary windings occupy a third of the iron core of the motor, and when they are separated or weakened, the capacity of the iron core is not fully used and the main windings must withstand the rated load current alone which shortens the life of the motor and reduces the hours of continuous operation of the motor. In this paper, a single-phase motor is fed from a single-phase power source and again from a two-phase power source, so that the auxiliary coils are not separated after 75% of the motor's speed and have a continuous role in the motor's operation. The torque and current flow in the motor are compared in both cases. Due to the rarity of the two-phase power supply in nominal uses, it can be supplied by a full bridge inverter. This comparison was provided by steady-state analysis and the results of MATLAB Simulink. 
Performance comparison of capacitive power transfer between matching resonant circuit π1a and π1b at 13.56 MHz operating frequency
Authors: Meor Muslimah , Yusop Yusmarnita , Saat Shakir , Hasan Khairul Kamarudin
Published: July 2022

This paper proposes current technique for wireless power transfer (WPT), which is capacitive power transfer (CPT). To date, inductive power transfer (IPT) remains the most popular technique for this technology. However, CPT has several benefits which make the development of this technique is growing up faster in industry and able to compete the IPT technology. A low number of components usage, simple topology, enhanced EMI performance, robustness to surrounding metallic elements are the benefits of CPT. In this work, the system is designed using class E power amplifier with the presence of impedance matching circuit. It assists the system to attain maximum power transfer. Two types of impedance matching are selected and compared in this work in order to understand the advantage and disadvantage of each in the framework of CPT system. MATLAB/Simulink software is used in this work to design and simulate the CPT system. This proposed system ables to generate 0.83W output power through a combined interface capacitance of 0.024nF at an operating frequency of 13.56 MHz, with 99.2% efficiency for both matching resonant circuits π1a and π1b. In the case for biomedical implantable device application, π1b is the superior matching resonant circuit since it requires smaller capacitance value and smaller size of receiver unit.
Averaged large-signal model of a DC-DC isolated forward resonant reset converter for a solar cell battery charger using internet of things: implementation
Authors: Supanyapong Suriyotai , Pattarapongsathi Wachiravit , Bilsalam Anusak , Guilbert Damien , Thounthong Phatiphat
Published: July 2022

In this study, an analysis and modeling circuit for controlling battery charge solar cells based on data management through internet of things (IoT) is presented. For this proposed, a DC-DC forward resonant reset converter is employed and can be charged at a constant current and constant voltage. Data management of various parameters using IoT technology is provided, via which notifications can be sent to an external application. The proposed converter can give an output voltage of 14.4 VDC for a voltage range including between 9 and 18 VDC, using an isolated transformer and a halfwave rectifier circuit. The main switch of the forward resonant reset converter can operate under a zero-turn-on condition. This approach has the benefit of utilizing a leaking inductance. Llkp and resonant capacitor Cr to reset the remaining flux saturation on the high-frequency transformer. A simulation model prototype was created and tested at a set switching frequency of 50 kHz, 14.4 VDC constant output voltage, and output power of approximately 29 W. An efficiency of 96% at maximum full load can be reached. The proposed analysis techniques and mathematical model were verified via simulation and experimental results, and the obtained results are in agreement with the theoretical analysis.
Implementation of artificial intelligence for prediction performance of solar thermal system
Authors: Sufian Mohd Danish Irfan Mohd , Salim Nur Ashida , Mohamad Hasmaini , Yasin Zuhaila Mat
Published: July 2022

A related input parameter is used in this case study to forecast solar thermal systems (STS) capabilities and to compare which artificial neural network (ANN) algorithms and other artificial intelligence (AI) methods have the most reliable predictor for STS performance. In order to gauge the performance of the STS, this research aims to implement AI for predicting STS performance by comparing the ANN technique with other methods. Three different training algorithms which are Levenberg-Marquardt (LM), scaled conjugate gradient (SCG) and Bayesian regularization (BR) are considered in this research. This research will identify acceptable parameters and the best AI technique to use in predicting the STS performance. Previous research on STS demonstrates that the efficiency of STS has been estimated using different input parameters. The results show that the prediction of the LM training algorithm is the best for STS performance.
Cooperation search algorithm for tuning automatic voltage regulator system
Authors: Aribowo Widi , Suprianto Bambang , Kartini Unit Three
Published: July 2022

The cooperation search algorithm (CSA) duplicates teamwork in every part of the company. This paper presents an approach to setting automatic voltage regulator (AVR) with proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control based on CSA. To get the performance of the proposed method, this paper uses the maximum overshoot, rise time, settling time, and error. This paper uses the whale optimization algorithm (WOA), grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), and sine-cosine algorithm (SCA) methods as a comparison in measuring the performance of the CSA method which is used as the optimization of PID parameters on the AVR. From the simulation, the application of the CSA method to get the optimal PID parameter value has an average result that can reduce the maximum overshoot by 10.97% compared to the GOA, PSO and SCA methods.
Wind farm connected to a grid using fuzzy logic controller based the unified power flow controller
Authors: Tarik Rabyi , Adil Brouri
Published: July 2022

The doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind farm is widely used for extracting energy from the wind. When the wind farm is connected to the grid, generally it causes some perturbations. It can disturb the function of the grid and the installations connected to the grid. This impact concerns the load flow, voltage drops, and frequency fluctuations. To overcome those issues, the unified power flow controller (UPFC) is recommended. In this paper, we propose to study the impact of the integration of a wind farm on the power system. Presently, we propose an original contribution by using UPFC based on fuzzy logic controllers (FLC). Finally, simulation and experimental results using MATLAB/Simulink are proposed to show the effectiveness of this solution. 
Fixed-time control of voltage dynamics of three-phase voltage source inverters with LC output filter
Authors: Ghazzali Mohamed , Haloua Mohamed , Giri Fouad
Published: July 2022

This paper puts forward a fixed-time cascade voltage control system for threephase voltage source inverters (VSIs) with LC output filter.First, a feedforward decoupling mechanism is used to elminate the dependency between the d-q parts of the control system. Then, proportional-integral (PI) regulators are used for current control in the inner loop. The current reference is provided by a novel VSI control technique developed for fixed-time voltage regulation and reference tracking. The approach suggested in this work tracks and maintains the voltage magnitude at its normalized value in a finite-time and before a maximum settling-time fixed in advance and independent of the system’s initial state. The voltage controller also maintains current stability by providing a smoother and smaller current reference. A comparative study with VSI conventional PI control for linear, nonlinear and unbalanced loads confirms the theoretical results.
High Levels of Complement Activating Enzyme MASP-2 Are Associated With the Risk of Future Incident Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Damoah Christabel Esi , Snir Omri , Hindberg Kristian , Garred Peter , Ludviksen Judith K. , Brækkan Sigrid K. , Morelli Vânia M. , Mollnes Tom Eirik , Hansen John-Bjarne ,   the INVENT Consortium
Published: July 2022

Background:

Experimental studies have shown that the complement activating enzyme MASP-2 (mannose-binding lectin associated serine protease 2) exhibits a thrombin-like activity and that inhibition of MASP-2 protects against thrombosis. In this study, we investigated whether plasma MASP-2 levels were associated with risk of future venous thromboembolism (VTE) and whether genetic variants linked to MASP-2 levels were associated with VTE risk.

Methods:

We conducted a population-based nested case-control study involving 410 VTE patients and 842 age- and sex-matched controls derived from the Norwegian Tromsø Study. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) of VTE across MASP-2 quartiles. Whole-exome sequencing and protein quantitative trait loci analyses were performed to assess genetic variants associated with MASP-2 levels. A 2-sample Mendelian randomization study, also including data from the INVENT consortium (International Network of Venous Thrombosis), was performed to assess causality.

Results:

Subjects with plasma MASP-2 in the highest quartile had a 48% higher OR of VTE (OR, 1.48 [95% CI, 1.06–2.06]) and 83% higher OR of deep vein thrombosis (OR, 1.83 [95% CI, 1.23–2.73]) compared with those with MASP-2 levels in the lowest quartile. The protein quantitative trait loci analysis revealed that 3 previously described gene variants, rs12711521 (minor allele frequency, 0.153), rs72550870 (minor allele frequency, 0.045; missense variants in the
MASP2
gene), and rs2275527 (minor allele frequency, 0.220; exon variant in the adjacent
MTOR
gene) explained 39% of the variation of MASP-2 plasma concentration. The OR of VTE per 1 SD increase in genetically predicted MASP-2 was 1.03 ([95% CI, 1.01–1.05]
P
=0.0011).

Conclusions:

Our findings suggest that high plasma MASP-2 levels are causally associated with risk of future VTE.
New orchids in the flora of Vietnam Ⅳ (Orchidaceae, Aeridinae)
Authors: AVERYANOV LEONID V. , THAI TRAN HUY , TRUONG BA VUONG , NGUYEN VAN CANH , NGUYEN TUAN HOANG , MAISAK TATIANA V. , NGUYEN KHANG SINH , NGUYEN VAN KHUONG
Published: July 2022

This paper presents new data on the orchid diversity of Vietnam obtained in 2015–2021. It contains descriptions of three new species (Cleisostoma furcatum, Malleola micrantha, Schoenorchis hungii), one new variety (Chiloschista parishii var. minutiflora) and one new form (Cleisostoma furcatum forma albiflora). Additionally six species, Ascocentropsis malipoensis, Chiloschista sweelimii, Pomatocalpa undulatum, Trachoma rhopalorrhachis, Trichoglottis maculata, and Uncifera acuminata are newly recorded for Vietnam. The paper also provides an amended description of a very rare and poorly known species, Cleisostoma equestre. All studied taxa belong to subtribe Aeridinae (tribe Vandeae, subfamily Epidendroideae). The accepted plant name, main synonyms, data on type specimens, ecology, phenology and distribution, estimated IUCN Red List status, studied specimens, brief taxonomic notes, and illustrations are provided for each species listed.
Christolea pterosperma (Brassicaceae), a new species from Tibet (China)
Authors: AL-SHEHBAZ IHSAN A.
Published: July 2022

During research in the late 1990s on the account of Brassicaceae for the flora of China (Zhou et al., 2001), the present author examined thousands of specimens from the major herbaria richest in Chinese plants, including A, B, BM, E, GH, IBSC, K, KUN, LE, NAS, P, PE, S, US, W, and WU. As a result, several novelties were described (e.g., Al-Shehbaz & Yang, 1998, 2000; Al-Shehbaz et al., 2000a–c). A few others were represented by incomplete material and remained undescribed with the hope of re-collecting them in southwestern and western China, including Sichuan and Yunnan provinces and Xinjiang and Xizang (Tibet) autonomous regions. Among such incomplete material is a collection by Victor Jacquemont from western Tibet [as India] with a few late-season aborted flowers. The plants are easily identified to the genus Christolea Cambessedes in Jacquemont (1844: 17, t. 17) using the Flora of China (Zhou et al., 2001) and Flora Pan-Himalaya (Al-Shehbaz, 2015). However, a close comparison of with the generic type, C. crassifolia Cambess., and the more recently recognized C. niyaensis An (1995: 376), shows that it differs from them in many significant ways (see below) that support its recognition as a novelty despite lacking normal flowers. Unfortunately, no additional collections of the species are known.
Future Changes of East Asian Extratropical Cyclones in the CMIP5 Models
Authors: Lee Jaeyeon , Hwang Jaeyoung , Son Seok-Woo , Gyakum John R.
Published: July 2022

Future changes of extratropical cyclones (ETCs) over East Asia are investigated using the models participating in phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). To quantify ETC frequency, intensity, and genesis changes in a warming climate, the objective tracking algorithm is applied to nine CMIP5 models. These models provide 6-hourly wind data with no missing values in the high-terrain regions. The historical simulations reasonably well capture the spatial distribution of ETC properties, except for nonnegligible biases in and downstream of the high-terrain regions. Such biases are particularly pronounced in the models with a coarse spatial resolution and smooth topography, which weaken lee cyclogenesis. The best five models, which show better performance for historical simulations than other models, are used to evaluate the possible changes of East Asian ETCs under the RCP8.5 scenario. These models project a reduced cyclogenesis on the leeward side of the Tibetan Plateau, and over the East China Sea and western North Pacific in the late twenty-first century, resulting in a reduced ETC frequency from the east coast of China to the western North Pacific. The ETC intensity also shows a hint of weakening over the North Pacific. These ETC property changes are largely consistent with an enhanced static stability and a reduced vertical wind shear in a warming climate. This result indicates that the local baroclinicity, instead of increased moisture content, may play a critical role in determining the future changes of East Asian ETCs.
Energy Spectra and Vorticity Dynamics in a Two-Layer Shallow Water Ocean Model
Authors: Kevlahan Nicholas K.-R. , Poulin Francis J.
Published: July 2022

The dynamically adaptive WAVETRISK-OCEAN global model is used to solve one- and two-layer shallow water ocean models of wind-driven western boundary current (WBC) turbulence. When the submesoscale is resolved, both the one-layer simulation and the barotropic mode of the two-layer simulations have an energy spectrum with a power law of −3, while the baroclinic mode has a power law of −5/3 to −2 for a Munk boundary layer. This is consistent with the theoretical prediction for the power laws of the barotropic and baroclinic (buoyancy variance) cascades in surface quasigeostrophic turbulence. The baroclinic mode has about 20% of the energy of the barotropic mode in this case. When a Munk–Stommel boundary layer dominates, both the baroclinic and barotropic modes have a power law of −3. Local energy spectrum analysis reveals that the midlatitude and equatorial jets have different energy spectra and contribute differently to the global energy spectrum. We have therefore shown that adding a single baroclinic mode qualitatively changes WBC turbulence, introducing an energy spectrum component typical of what occurs in stratified three-dimensional ocean flows. This suggests that the first baroclinic mode may be primarily responsible for the submesoscale turbulence energy spectrum of the oceans. Adding more vertical layers, and therefore more baroclinic modes, could strengthen the first baroclinic mode, producing a dual cascade spectrum (−5/3, −3) or (−3, −5/3) similar to that predicted by quasigeostrophic and surface quasigeostrophic models, respectively.

Significance Statement

This research investigates how wind energy is transferred from the largest ocean scales (thousands of kilometers) to the small turbulence scales (a few kilometers or less). We do this by using an idealized model that includes the simplest representation of density stratification. Our main finding is that this simple model captures an essential feature of the energy transfer process. Future work will compare our results to those obtained using ocean models with more realistic stratifications.
Supervised Classification of Sound Speed Profiles via Dictionary Learning
Authors: Castro-Correa Jhon A. , Arnett Stephanie A. , Neilsen Tracianne B. , Wan Lin , Badiey Mohsen
Published: July 2022

The presence of internal waves (IWs) in the ocean alters the isotropic properties of sound speed profiles (SSPs) in the water column. Changes in the SSPs affect underwater acoustics since most of the energy is dissipated into the seabed due to the downward refraction of sound waves. In consequence, variations in the SSP must be considered when modeling acoustic propagation in the ocean. Empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) are regularly employed to model and represent SSPs using a linear combination of basis functions that capture the sound speed variability. A different approach is to use dictionary learning to obtain a learned dictionary (LD) that generates a nonorthogonal set of basis functions (atoms) that generate a better sparse representation. In this paper, the performance of EOFs and LDs are evaluated for sparse representation of SSPs affected by the passing of IWs. In addition, an LD-based supervised framework is presented for SSP classification and is compared with classical learning models. The algorithms presented in this work are trained and tested on data collected from the Shallow Water Experiment 2006. Results show that LDs yield lower reconstruction error than EOFs when using the same number of bases. In addition, overcomplete LDs are demonstrated to be a robust method to classify SSPs during low, medium, and high IW activity, reporting accuracy that is comparable to and sometimes higher than that of standard supervised classification methods.
Evaluating Vertical Velocity Retrievals from Vertical Vorticity Equation Constrained Dual-Doppler Analysis of Real, Rapid-Scan Radar Data
Authors: Gebauer Joshua G. , Shapiro Alan , Potvin Corey K. , Dahl Nathan A. , Biggerstaff Michael I. , Alford A. Addison
Published: July 2022

Accurate vertical velocity retrieval from dual-Doppler analysis (DDA) is a long-standing problem of radar meteorology. Typical radar scanning strategies poorly observe the vertical component of motion, leading to large uncertainty in vertical velocity estimates. Using a vertical vorticity equation constraint in addition to a mass conservation constraint in DDA has shown promise in improving vertical velocity retrievals. However, observation system simulation experiments (OSSEs) suggest this technique requires rapid radar volume scans to realize the improvements due to the vorticity tendency term in the vertical vorticity constraint. Here, the vertical vorticity constraint DDA is tested with real, rapid-scan radar data to validate prior OSSEs results. Generally, the vertical vorticity constraint DDA produced more accurate vertical velocities from DDAs than those that did not use the constraint. When the time between volume scans was greater than 30 s, the vertical velocity accuracy was significantly affected by the vorticity tendency estimation method. A technique that uses advection correction on provisional DDA wind fields to shorten the discretization interval for the vorticity tendency calculation improved the vertical velocity retrievals for longer times between volume scans. The skill of these DDAs was similar to those using a shorter time between volume scans. These improvements were due to increased accuracy of the vertical vorticity tendency using the advection correction technique. The real radar data tests also revealed that the vertical vorticity constraint DDAs are more forgiving to radar data errors. These results suggest that vertical vorticity constraint DDA with rapid-scan radars should be prioritized for kinematic analyses.
Static and Dynamic Performance of the RBRargo3 CTD
Authors: Dever M. , Owens B. , Richards C. , Wijffels S. , Wong A. , Shkvorets I. , Halverson M. , Johnson G.
Published: July 2022

The static and dynamic performances of the RBRargo3 are investigated using a combination of laboratory-based and in situ datasets from floats deployed as part of an Argo pilot program. Temperature and pressure measurements compare well to co-located reference data acquired from shipboard CTDs. Static accuracy of salinity measurements is significantly improved using 1) a time lag for temperature, 2) a quadratic pressure dependence, and 3) a unit-based calibration for each RBRargo3 over its full pressure range. Long-term deployments show no significant drift in the RBRargo3 accuracy. The dynamic response of the RBRargo3 demonstrates the presence of two different adjustment time scales: a long-term adjustment O(120) s, driven by the temperature difference between the interior of the conductivity cell and the water, and a short-term adjustment O(5–10) s, associated to the initial exchange of heat between the water and the inner ceramic. Corrections for these effects, including dependence on profiling speed, are developed.
The Relationship between Northeast Pacific Sea Surface Temperatures, Synoptic Evolution, and Surface Air Temperatures over the Pacific Northwest
Authors: Mass Clifford , Randall Calen , Conrick Robert , Ovens David
Published: July 2022

The development of sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies over the northeast Pacific and their impacts on lower-tropospheric air temperatures over the Pacific Northwest are examined. Northeast Pacific SST anomalies are influenced by the synoptic-scale flow, with high pressure and weak surface winds associated with developing warm SST anomalies, while large pressure gradients and strong surface winds result in SST declines. SST over the northeast Pacific correlates significantly with surface air temperatures over the Pacific Northwest, with correlations increasing when high-frequency variability is filtered out. The correlations between unfiltered time series of SST and surface air temperature are largest for a zero-day lag and are strongest near the coast, contrasting with weaker correlations over the Columbia basin east of the Cascade Mountains. SST correlations with minimum surface air temperature are largest during the warm season, and maximum temperature correlations are highest in March; both have low correlations during autumn. Model simulations of periods with warm and cold northeast Pacific SST anomalies possess lower-tropospheric air temperature warming or cooling over the coastal zone, with SST influence weakening east of the Cascade crest. Eastern Pacific SST anomalies influence sea level pressure and lower-tropospheric heights, with warm SST anomalies resulting in simulated lowered pressure near the surface and increased heights aloft. The relationship between northeast Pacific SST and surface air temperature over land evince complex feedbacks: SST temperature anomalies can be advected inland from the Pacific, the SST anomalies can influence the synoptic-scale flow that affects the SST anomalies, and the synoptic-scale anomalies that produce the SST anomalies can directly influence temperatures over land.

Significance Statement

Understanding the connection between northeast Pacific sea surface temperatures and low-level air temperatures over land is valuable for both subseasonal prediction and for examining the fidelity of model physics.
Assessing Dimensionality of IRT Models Using Traditional and Revised Parallel Analyses
Authors: Guo Wenjing , Choi Youn-Jeng
Published: July 2022

Determining the number of dimensions is extremely important in applying item response theory (IRT) models to data. Traditional and revised parallel analyses have been proposed within the factor analysis framework, and both have shown some promise in assessing dimensionality. However, their performance in the IRT framework has not been systematically investigated. Therefore, we evaluated the accuracy of traditional and revised parallel analyses for determining the number of underlying dimensions in the IRT framework by conducting simulation studies. Six data generation factors were manipulated: number of observations, test length, type of generation models, number of dimensions, correlations between dimensions, and item discrimination. Results indicated that (a) when the generated IRT model is unidimensional, across all simulation conditions, traditional parallel analysis using principal component analysis and tetrachoric correlation performs best; (b) when the generated IRT model is multidimensional, traditional parallel analysis using principal component analysis and tetrachoric correlation yields the highest proportion of accurately identified underlying dimensions across all factors, except when the correlation between dimensions is 0.8 or the item discrimination is low; and (c) under a few combinations of simulated factors, none of the eight methods performed well (e.g., when the generation model is three-dimensional 3PL, the item discrimination is low, and the correlation between dimensions is 0.8).