bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Natural Gums and Carbohydrate-Based Polymers: Potential Encapsulants
Authors: Ansari Zoha , Goomer Sangeet
Published: March 2022

Plants possess a wide range of bioactive compounds with established health benefits which are highly susceptible to degradation. The environmental dynamics such as high temperature, light, oxygen limits the shelf life and bioavailability of these compounds in food and drug formulations. Encapsulation serves as an effective way of preserving these sensitive compounds by enclosing them within a coating/wall material and hence improves their bioavailability and functional properties.Scope and Approach: The wall materials used for encapsulation also known as encapsulants act as physical barriers between core compound and external stimuli. There are different edible protein, lipid and carbohydrate based encapsulants used for coating of bioactive compounds. However, this review gives a detailed insight on composition, functional properties, and applications of carbohydrate based polymers in food, and pharmaceutical industries while emphasizing on the advantages and limitations of these polymers in encapsulation process. So, we explored recent expansion in the area of natural polysaccharides and their derivatives as carriers for the targeted and sustained delivery of active compounds. Key Findings and Conclusions:Polysaccharides, natural gums (Carrageenan, Alginate, Gum arabic, Guar gum, Gellan gum, Xanthan gum) and their derivatives are biodegradable polymers being used as sustained release carriers. They are more advantageous over lipid based and protein based carriers by virtue of their unique features such as thermo stability and versatility of interacting with a range of hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds. Tailor-made carriers made by structural modifications of the polysaccharides using physical, chemical and enzymatic reactions result in improved functional properties and hence widen their area of applications.©2022iGlobal Research and PublishingFoundation. All rights reserved.Cite this article as:Ansari, Z.; Goomer, S.Natural gums and carbohydrate-based polymers: Potential encapsulants. Indo Global J. Pharm. Sci., 2022; 12:1-20. DOI:http://doi.org/10.35652/IGJPS.2022.12001.
Emulgel –Emerging as a Smarter Value-Added Product Line Extension for Topical Preparation
Authors: Patel Neelam , Chaudhary Sunita , Chaudhary Ankit
Published: March 2022

Topical products applied to skin in consistency from liquids to powder in formulation but the most popular product issemisolid preparation. In semisolid preparation comparison with others, the use of gels has been emerged for both in dermatologyand cosmetology. Despite of many advantages of gels one limitation for in delivery of hydrophobic drug moiety.Emulgel technique contains both oil and aqueous gel base so it can be used for hydrophobic drugs.Emulgel technique also useful for product line extension for drug available in ointment and cream formulation. Emulgel can also provide local concentration of drug in affected area so it is more effective than regular gel in curative aspects and more depth permeation of drug.Emulgelare thermodynamically stable systems having severalfeatures like enhanced permeability;prolong drug release,stability of emulsion and good thermodynamic stability. Fromthis review,we get the knowledge about emulgel formulation, advantages, characterizationand recent advances in the research field.©2022iGlobal Research and PublishingFoundation. All rights reserved.
Analisis Hukum Islam Terhadap Putusan Pengadilan Agama Jember tentang Penetapan Status Ahli Waris Non Muslim (No.1050/Pdt.G/2016/Pa.Jr)
Authors: Husein Saddam , Martoyo Martoyo
Published: March 2022

The Religious Court is a court that has the authority to adjudicate cases for Muslims. In the Jember Religious Court's decision No.1050 / Pdt.G / 2016 / PA.Jr explained that the Plaintiff, who is one of the children of the heir and the other five plaintiffs, filed a lawsuit against four defendants and seven co-defendants regarding inheritance cases; in this case, the inheritance is still not distributed by the heir to the heirs entirely. And the property is still controlled by one defendant. Also, the decision of the panel of judges is interesting. From the inheritance distributed in Islam, there are descendants of heirs who are non-Muslim who also receive a share of the estate. The research method used in this study is a normative research method with two approaches. Those are the case and the statute approach. This study found that: First, the construction of the case on the Jember Religious Court No. 1050 / Pdt.G / 2016 / PA.Jr is the five Plaintiffs against the eleven defendants. The plaintiffs filed the lawsuit because they stated that their parents were Muslims. With this, the plaintiffs want their inheritance to be distributed under Islamic law. Second, the Decidendi Ratio of the Panel of Judges in deciding cases is the provision of Article 49 paragraph (1) letter (b) of Law no. 7 of 1989 the Religious Court's authority to handle Inheritance cases for people who are Muslim.
Implementasi Undang-Undang Nomor 25 Tahun 2009 tentang Pelayanan Publik pada Kantor Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Suhraeni Suhraeni , Solikin Nur
Published: March 2022

The Department of Population and Civil Registration of Jember Regency is an agency tasked with recording the condition of the population quantity in Jember Regency, as well as serving the community in obtaining official Population and Civil Registration Documents. In this study using a descriptive analysis approach and the type of research used is qualitative. Then the data collection used is by observation, interviews, and documentation. The data validity technique used triangulation technique. The conclusions of this study are: (1) the Department of Population and Civil Registration of Jember Regency has not made every effort to provide public services in accordance with the principles of public services contained in Law Number 25 of 2009 including the Principles of Professionalism, the Principle of Punctuality, and Principles (2) supporting factors that influence the success of public services at the Department of Population and Civil Registration of Jember Regency, namely: Human Resources (HR), Financing Resources, Adequate Facilities and Infrastructure, Information Technology, and Legislation Policy (3 ) inhibiting factors that affect public services at the Department of Population and Civil Registration of Jember Regency, namely: Cultural factors (use of brokers and illegal fees), Community Awareness Factors, and Lack of responsiveness of officers to the community.
Pandangan Tokoh Masyarakat Pada Perilaku Pasangan Calon Pengantin Selama Masa Khitbah di Kelurahan Gebang Kecamatan Patrang Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Suyuti Mahmud
Published: March 2022

The khitbah period is a period of introduction for the prospective bride and groom to get the heart to carry out the marriage. During this period, there are things that must be considered by the prospective bride and groom, namely regarding ethics or behavior during the sermon in accordance with Islamic law. Therefore, there are no rights and obligations between the two of them and it is forbidden to see as it is forbidden to see between men and women who are not husband and wife or their mahram. This research uses a case study approach and this type of research is qualitative with juridical-empirical methods or field research. The research location is in Gebang Village, Patrang District, Jember Regency. The research subjects used primary data and secondary data. Data collection techniques with interviews, observation and documentation. The results of this study are: 1) The behavior of the prospective bride and groom in the Gebang Village does not comply with Islamic religious rules, male and female couples who have made a proposal, the perpetrators assume that they are allowed to do some activities such as husband and wife, but do not cross the line that should be. . 2) The views of community leaders towards the prospective bride and groom during the sermon are those who are already engaged only as a relationship bond that will lead to a more serious level. However, the bride and groom must obey Islamic law, such as not going out together without being accompanied by a guardian, unless they are directly married to sirri. 3) A review of Islamic law on the behavior of the prospective bride and groom considers that the khitbah does not change the legal status of the relationship between a man and a woman, it's just that with the khitbah the two have a closer bond. In Islam for relationships that have not been mahram has been regulated very strictly.
INDOOR LOCALIZATION SYSTEM USING UWB
Authors: Gnaś Dominik , Adamkiewicz Przemysław
Published: March 2022

This paper discusses two ways of measuring the distance between the transmitter and the receiver using UWB technology, then identifies their advantages and disadvantages. The method of calculating the position is presented together with the method of predicting errors based on room geometry. The hardware configuration of the transmitter and receiver systems included in a location system based on UWB technology is explained. Bluetooth technology is discussed, which is used to connect the location system with the environmental monitoring system.
Role of Prophylactic Use of Amiodarone to Prevent Post-Operative Dysrhythmias in Patients with Low Ejection Fraction (EF ≤35%)
Authors: Ali Rai Shumaila , Ali Chaudhry Amjad , Qureshi Muhammad Arsalan
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT:

Objective:

          To determine the role of amiodarone prophylaxis in the prevention of dysrhythmias following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with low ejection fraction (EF).

Methods:

          In this prospective comparative study, we included150 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in Multan Institute of Cardiology within a duration of 07 months from Jan-2019 to Aug-2019 having low ejection fraction (EF ≤35%). In the intervention(amiodarone) group (N=75), 3 mg/Kg of amiodarone was given after removal of X-clamp and before weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass. while in the remaining 75 patients no anti-arrhythmic treatment was given in the peri-operative period. Occurrence of postoperative arrhythmia (AF and bradycardia) during the primary hospital stay after surgery was a primary study endpoint.

Results:

          There was no significant difference between the mean age, gender and body mass index (BMI) of patients in the two groups. Regarding per-operative data, there was no significant difference in number of grafts in amiodarone group 3.9±0.53 and control group 3.04±0.50 (p-value 0.20). Frequency of Atrial fibrillation (AF) after the surgery was significantly differenced in both groups. In the amiodarone group, 13 (17.3%) patients developed POAF and in the control group, POAF occurred in 25 (33.3%) patients (p-value 0.024).

Conclusion:

          Amiodarone prophylaxis significantly lower the incidence of POAF after CABG in patients with low EF. Amiodarone is easy to administer and is a valuable adjuvant for prevention of POAF.
Experiences of Web Searches for Medical Information Purposes on Health Anxiety in the general population reporting to tertiary care hospitals of Rawalpindi
Authors: Mohi Ud Din  , Syed Fawad Mashhadi  , Shahrob Khan  , Tehreem Safdar  , Bilal Ashraf  , Zeeshan Khalid Awan
Published: March 2022

Objective: To assess the prevalence of internet use for medical purposes by the general public and to correlate it with anxiety levels.

Materials and methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in tertiary care hospitals of Rawalpindi from August to December 2020. Ethical approval was taken. A sample size of 385 was calculated through Rao software. Non-probability convenient sampling technique was used. Informed consent was taken. A validated questionnaire was used. The data was analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics Version 25. Frequencies and percentages were calculated. Chi-square test of significance was applied. P-value less than .05 was considered as statistically significant.

Results: A majority of the participants used the internet to obtain health-related information. Majority of the subjects stated that the health-related searches exacerbated their anxiety. The negative effects of excessive or inappropriate internet use are stronger in women than in men. Participants from lower income groups were more prone to anxiety, however participants from higher income groups were slightly more likely to visit a doctor for a perceived health condition. The internet was helpful in understanding the terminology used by doctors for majority of the participants.

Conclusion: The study found that most people who use the internet also use it for health related searches. There is a positive correlation between excessive health-related internet use and health anxiety. This correlation is stronger in women. Looking up medical terminology on the internet makes it easier for patients to communicate with doctors and understand their condition.

Keywords: Anxiety, web searches, internet, cyberchondria
Los Efectos de la Gamificación en el Alumnado de Educación Física Escolar
Authors: Piñeiro Aboy Borja
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: El objetivo general fue identificar y conocer el concepto de gamificación y revisar el contexto actual en el que aparece. El objetivo específico fue determinar y precisar en la producción científica los efectos de la gamificación en el alumnado, de Educación Física escolar (de 6 a 18 años), que deben ser considerados en la intervención docente de esta materia. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica en las siguientes bases de datos: Objetivo: El objetivo general fue identificar y conocer el concepto de gamificación y revisar el contexto actual en el que aparece. El objetivo específico fue determinar y precisar en la producción científica los efectos de la gamificación en el alumnado, de Educación Física escolar (de 6 a 18 años), que deben ser considerados en la intervención docente de esta materia. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica en las siguientes bases de datos: Dialnet Plus, ERIC, PsycoINFO, PubMed, Scopus, Sport Discus, y Web of Science. Además, se utilizó la red social denominada ResearchGate. Se incluyeron todos aquellos artículos que trataban los efectos de la gamificación en el alumnado en la materia de Educación Física escolar (de 6 a 18 años) publicados desde el 2015 hasta la actualidad en lengua castellana, portuguesa e inglesa. Resultados: Se incluyeron diez artículos científicos. Todos ellos fueron evaluados por medio de la escala para Evaluar Artículos Científicos en Ciencias Sociales y Humanas (EACSH). La puntuación promedio fue de 4.06, lo que supone que los estudios analizados poseen una calidad media-alta en conjunto. Podemos colegir que más de la mitad de los trabajos son de carácter observacional descriptivo; siendo la mitad de tipo deductivo y cuantitativo, mientras que la otra mitad presentan matices deductivos/inductivos y mixtos (cuantitativo y cualitativo). Conclusiones: La gamificación funciona como una excepcional herramienta para alcanzar el denominado engagement. Además, en el ámbito educativo a partir de intervenciones gamificadas se generan múltiples beneficios y mejoras en el alumnado, principalmente en su compromiso, en la motivación y en su rendimiento académico. En conclusión, instamos a que el profesorado conozca este tipo de metodologías activas para acrecentar la implicación del alumnado en la materia de Educación Física y la práctica de actividad física diaria.
Appropriate Learning Methods for Autistic Children in Improving Tooth brushing Skills: a Review
Authors: Hadi Sunomo , Djuliawanti Mega , Marjianto Agus , Jumriani Jumriani
Published: March 2022

Autistic children have poor oral hygiene levels higher than normal children. Dental and oral health problems that often occur in children with autism are the risk of dental caries which is higher than other dental and oral diseases. Frequent consumption of cariogenic foods and impaired coordination of the tongue muscles result in a tendency to eat food and difficulty swallowing, resulting in the formation of debris. The high value of debris causes calculus and if left further it will develop into worse tooth and gum damage. Objective: To describe appropriate learning methods for children with autism in improving their brushing skills. Methods: Search journals for 2016-2021 on Google Scholar, Pubmed, and Sciendirect databases. In the 8 journals used, 4 of them used quantitative research methods, 2 used prospective research methods, and 2 others used cross-sectional research methods. Results: The various methods obtained are the use of the PECS method; Yoga Therapy; iPads; Social Stories, TEACCH method, Puzzle Series; and Videos. Several kinds of learning methods are appropriate and can be recommended for children with autism, namely the video learning method which is considered better and can attract the attention of children with autism in improving their brushing skills.
Traditional or deep learning for sentiment analysis : A review
Authors: Ganie Aadil Gani , Dadvandipour Samad
Published: March 2022

Getting the context out of the text is the main objective of sentiment analysis. Today’s digital world provides us with many data raw forms: Twitter, Facebook, blogs, etc. Researchers need to convert this raw data into useful information for performing analysis. Many researchers devoted their precious time to get the text’s polarity using deep learning and conventional machine learning methods. In this paper, we reviewed both the approaches to gain insight into the work done. This paper will help the researchers to choose the best methods for classifying the text. We pick some of the best articles and critically analyze them in different parameters like dataset used, feature extraction technique, accuracy, and resource utilization.
News of Zubarah Family- Unionists in Nishapur and their Scientific Contributions in the two Centuries (4-6 AH/10-12 AD)
Authors: Al Anbaki Shaymaa Fadhel Abdel Hamid
Published: March 2022

This research is concerned with qualitatively studying the history of an ancient family, one of the most prominent noble, Alawite families, that assumed the position of the Student Union for the Alawite Supervision in the city of Nishapur in Khorasan during the centries (4-6 H./ 10-12 A.H.). Thus, the research aims to investgate the historical news, and the outstanding Zubarah figures who experience the supereme the religious, historical and scientific position in Khorasan generally and Nishapur particularily. It further aims at arriving at the true meaning of the name Zubarah, and to whom it was called, and the extent of this family’s affiliation to the noble Alawi House, and how they moved to live and settle in the cities of the East, including Tabaristan and Abe, then Nishapur, and the establishment of the Alawi and student union to manage the affairs of the honorable gentlemen, take care of them to preserve lineage from confusion, and to look into religious, social and scientific affairs. Thus, the importance of the research lies in knowing everything related to the Zubarah family and what they presented during their presence in the position of the student union in the East in the service of the Prophet and the upper house. The research is like reviving a mention of the glories of this family with a pioneering role in Khorasan, especially the cities of Nishapur and Bayhaq. The research ends with a set of conclusions, such as: the name of Zubarah family goes back to its elder grandfather, Mohammad Al-Akbar, nicknamed Zubarah. This is because when he got angery on right things, his voice got higher and his face got redder, like a lion when he roars.  Their affinity goes back to Al-Husseini Alawi House. Zubarah family had many followers in Nishapur and Bayhaq, who had a religious and social role and distinguished scientific contributions in various sciences and knowledge.
Evaluating Teacher Preparation Programs in Scientific Disciplines at the Faculty of Education in Al-Aqsa University in Light of the Requirements of the Labor Market
Authors: Farajallah Abd-Alkarearim.M.A. , Sbaih Lina Ziyad
Published: March 2022

The current study seeks to evaluate teacher preparation programs in the scientific disciplines at the College of Education in Al-Aqsa University in the light of the requirements of the labor market. It further aims to reveal the significance of the differences in the sample members’ response averages of to the availability of labor market requirements in the program that prepares the teacher of scientific disciplines at the Faculty of Education in Al-Aqsa University taking into account the (gender, program) variables. The study followed the descriptive analytical approach, and so a questionnaire was distributed to a sample of scientific discipline students in the teacher preparation program adopted in Al-Aqsa University, (200) male and female students. The study has reached a number of findings that confirm the availability of labor market requirements, particularly those related to vocational, literacy, and life skills in the program adopted. Their response amounted to (75.7%), which is a large percentage. The most important results showed that there was no difference in the responses of the members of the study sample regarding the availability of labor market requirements in teacher preparation programs taking into account the variables of gender and specialization. The results of the study have also revealed that the programs for preparing the teachers of scientific disciplines are largely compatible with the requirements of the labor market. The total percentage of the dimension of harmonizing the programs of the labor market to the teacher preparation programs of scientific disciplines at the College of Education in Al-Aqsa University in the governorates of Gaza reached (70.7%).
The Impact of a Counseling Program with a Cognitive Reconstruction Method on the Development of the Psychological Hardness among Middle School Students
Authors: Mahmoud Khalid Ibrahim
Published: March 2022

The current research aims to determine the impact of the cognitive reconstruction program on the development of psychological hardness among middle school students through the experimental verification of three hypotheses. The research sample consisted of (16) out of (450) students selected from Ibn Rushud preparatory school- Al-Rusafa 2. These participants have been randomly distributed into two equal groups. The researcher has used the method of cognitive reconstruction with the experimental group, whereas with the controlling group, he used nothing. The researcher has further used the scale of psychological hardness of Kobassa with the participants; the scale has been built in a way that suits the sample of the study, which consisted of (24) items. The distinctive and validity items of the scale have been extracted by the jury members and experts using the method of face and construction validity, which completed the preparatory procedures of the psychometric scale. As for the reliability of the study, it has been measured by the researcher through the use of Alfackronbach factor, which reached (0, 83). The number of the program sessions reached (12) sessions; each session is of 45 minutes distributed for (6) weeks; that is, (2) sessions per week. Results have shown that there are no statistically significant differences between the scores of the experimental and control groups regarding the psychological hardness scale at the level of significance 0.05. This indicates that the counseling program according to the method in which it has been prepared has a clear effect on the enhancement of psychological hardness among the students of the preparatory stage.
Social Risks and Development Gaps in Iraq: A Social Study in the City of Baghdad Mais Mohammed Kadhum
Authors: Kadhum Mais Mohammed
Published: March 2022

Social risks posed a great challenge to the development path in Iraq, which resulted in widening the development gaps, whether these gaps were between rural and embargoed areas, or between Iraqi governorates, and the gender gap. Besides, the nature of the reciprocal relationship between the social risks and the development process requires the adoption of development trends that are sensitive to the risks that take upon themselves the prompt and correct response to these risks, away from randomness and confusion that Iraq suffered from for decades. However, currently, the situation has differed a great deal. This is because the size and types of such gaps have widened and become more complicated than before; a matter which has led to have clear development gaps due to the differences and distances ensued among the Iraqi governments, the areas of rural and urban, in addition to the gender gap.  The research has adopted the social sampling method by building a scale consisting of (21) paragraphs and four-way answer alternatives (agree completely, agree, do not agree, do not agree at all). The scale has been applied to a sample of (100) sociology specialist respondents. The research reached several conclusions, the most important of which are: The nature of the rapid and continuous social changes imposed new forms of social risks that are not familiar before and which are difficult to deal with. The problem of persistent inequality at the level of societies and individuals is one of the most serious challenges that can generate new opportunities for more deadly social risks.
نفي وإبعاد الأحداث: دراسة فقهية مقارنة بقانون الأحداث الجانحين والمشردين الإماراتي
Authors: عثمان سعدية , النور محمد
Published: March 2022

النفي من العقوبات المقررة في الشريعة الإسلامية باعتبارها دواءً لبعض الجرائم، ومن ذلك جرائم الحرابة، فأصل النفي لا خلاف فيه، بعبارة أخرى النفي عقوبة غير مستحدثة وجدت في محاربة بعض الجرائم، ولكن الإشكال وقع عندما نُظِرَ إلى سِنّ الجاني، فالجناة متفاوتون في الأعمار، فمنهم الصغير ومنهم الكبير، والنفي في حق الصغير أو ما يسميه القانون اليوم بالحدث، هذه المسألة بحاجة إلى بيان المشروعية؛ لذلك جاء هذا البحث موسوماً بــ: (نفي وإبعاد الأحداث: دراسة فقهية مقارنة بقانون الأحداث الجانحين والمشردين الإماراتي).

اشتمل البحث على مبحثين، الأول: عالج حكم نفي الحدث في الفقه وقانون الأحداث الجانحين والمشردين، والآخَر: عالج مسألة شروط إبعاد الحدث في الفقه وقانون الأحداث الجانحين والمشردين. وقد اعتمد البحث على المنهج الاستقرائي والتحليلي والمقارن.

وتوصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من النتائج، ومنها:

لا يجوز شرعاً نفي الحدث غير المميِّز، وكذلك المميِّز قبل مرحلة البلوغ، فالنفي يشترط له العقل؛ فلا ينفى الصغير غير المميِّز، ويشترط له البلوغ؛ فلا ينفى الصبي المميز.

لا ينفى في التشريع الإماراتي الحدث الذي لم يتم ١٦ سنة من عمره، ولكن يستثنى البالغ العاقل الذي لم يتم ١٦ سنة استناداً إلى قانون العقوبات دون قانون الأحداث.
الوسواس القهري وأثره في أفعال المكلف (الطهارة والصلاة)
Authors: القحطاني هند
Published: March 2022

لم يهمل العلماء قديما الحديث حول الوساوس التي تعتري المسلم في عباداته. ومع تقدم العلم والطب تحديداً ظهر نوع من الوساوس وهو الوسواس القهري، وعرّفه الأطباء النفسيون كمرض نفسي يحتاج معه المريض للعلاج بحسب حالته، ولما لهذا المرض من أثر في طهارة المكلف وصلاته رأيت البحث حوله، وتوضيح الفرق بين الوسواس القهري كمرض نفسي وغيره من الوساوس الأخرى.

وقد توصلت من خلال البحث لعدد من النتائج، وهي:

يختلف الوسواس القهري عن غيره من الوساوس، فهو نوع من أنواعها بشكل عام.

الوسواس القهري مرض نفسي كغيره من الأمراض التي تصيب الإنسان، ويحتاج معه إلى تدخل الطب النفسي في علاجه.

عرّف الأطباء النفسيون الوسواس القهري بأنه: مرض عصابي يتميز بوجود أفكار أو اندفاعات أو مخاوف حركية مستمرة أو دورية.

من الأمور النافعة لعلاج الوسواس القهري ذكر الله تعالى والدعاء والاستغفار والاستعاذة واستحضار القلب عند العبادة. إضافة للعلاج النفسي المعرفي السلوكي أو العقاقير الطبية.

ليس على مريض الوسواس القهري إعادة إن شك في وضوئه، وذلك قطعا للوسوسة عنه.

مريض الوسواس القهري إذا غلب على صلاته الوسواس فلا يجب عليه إعادتها كما هو المختار في المسألة.

النية محلها القلب دون اللسان. ولا يُندب النطق بالنية إلا لمن يعتريه الوسواس.
ضابط عدم تغيير الأصل وإبطاله بالعلة المستنبطة دراسة أصولية في صيغ الضابط، وجذوره، وأدلته، وموقف المحققين منه
Authors: المغيري مازن , الزنكي نجم الدين
Published: March 2022

تركز هذه الدراسة على ضابط من ضوابط العلة في باب القياس، وهو أن لا تعود العلة على أصلها بالإبطال أو التغيير، سالكة منهجاً استقرائيا تحليليا، وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى نتائج مهمة، ومنها: أن أبا زيد الدبوسي (ت430هـ) هو أول من صاغ هذا الضابط بعبارته، وأن رسم حدوده ومعالمه كان موضع أخذ وردٍّ بين الأصوليين منذ لحظة ميلاده، إلى أن استقرَّ علم المقاصد عند الشاطبي (ت790هـ) وأبرز مقوّماته لنظرية (المساق الحكمي)، وهي نظرية تسعى إلى رعاية الألفاظ والمعاني جميعاً، فلا يطغى المبنى على المعنى، ولا المعنى على المبنى، فإن تطلَّب الأمر تغليباً بينهما كان المعيارَ في ذلك تحكيمُ كليات الشرع وقواعده الكلية، فما كان منهما أقرب إليها كان هو المرجَّح في الاعتبار.
CORRELATION BETWEEN VITAMIN D LEVELS AND PEDIATRIC ANTHROPOMETRY STATUS IN NEONATES
Authors: Sari Tri Elina , Muslimin Muslimin , Radityo Adhie Nur , Pratiwi Rina
Published: March 2022

Background: Problems of vitamin D deficiency is now starting to become a concern in the world because 1 million people worldwide have vitamin D deficiency and nearly 50% have vitamin D insufficiency. Vitamin D deficiency is more common in neonates which can

increase the risk of low birth weight and also effect on baby length, head circumference. Aim: Understanding the correlation between vitamin D levels and anthropometric status in neonates.Method: This study used an observational analytic study with a cross sectional approach. The research sample was neonates at term. The data from questionnaires and direct anthropometric measurements on neonates who came to delivery room and pediatric polyclinic of the Diponegoro National Hospital, Semarang and Dr. Kariadi General Hospital, Semarang. The data normality test used the Saphiro-Wilk test. Correlation test between vitamin D levels and anthropometric status using the Pearson test, and test levels of vitamin D with nutritional status (WHZ, WAZ, HAZ) using the Spearman test.Results: Median (min-max) neonatal vitamin D levels were 12.12 (6.09 - 19.52). There was no significant correlation between vitamin D levels and neonatal age, neonatal anthropometric status, maternal sun exposure and neonatal diet type. This is influenced by several other factors that are consistent with the theory such as neonatal nutrition, genetics, time and length of sun exposure, poor dietary intake.Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between vitamin D levels and weight, body length, height, nutritional status of WHZ, WAZ, HAZ in neonates.
Hubungan derajat friedman tounge position dengan nilai apnea-hypopnea index dan nilai low oksigen saturation pada pasien obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Effendi Ahmad , Yusmawan Willy , Kusuma Dewi Anna Mailasari , Naftali Zulfikar , Muyassaroh Muyassaroh , Antono Dwi , Suryawati Herlina , Yunika Kanti
Published: March 2022

ABSTRAK

 

Latar belakang: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)  ditandai dengan adanya obstruksi jalan napas yang menyebabkan napas berhenti sesaat, baik secara total maupun parsial. OSA dapat menyebabkan komplikasi yang berat. Diagnostik pasti OSA dengan polisomnografi (PSG). PSG tidak banyak tersedia di fasilitas kesehatan, Pemeriksaan friedman tongue position (FTP) diharapkan dapat menjadi pemeriksaan sederhana awal yang dapat dilakukan untuk mendiagnosis pasien dengan kecurigaan OSA.

Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara derajat FTP dengan nilai Apnea Hyponea index (AHI) dan nilai Low saturation (LSAT) pada pasien OSA di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang.

Metode: Desain penelitian belah lintang, sampel diambil dari pasien terdiagnosis OSA dengan polisomnografi pada bulan Mei – Juli 2021. Nilai AHI dan nilai LSAT diambil dari hasil polisomnografi. FTP ditentukan dengan pemeriksaan fisik tenggorok. Analisis data dengan uji korelasi Spearman.

Hasil: Didapatkan 44 sampel terbanyak pada laki-laki 32 sampel (72,7%).Kelomok usia terbanyak 46-65 tahun 26 (59.1%), usia termuda 18 tahun dan tertua 81 tahun, rerata usia 64 tahun +17-81 tahun, hasil FTP terbanyak tipe 2, nilai AHI terbanyak derajat berat, nilai LSAT terbanyak derajat sedang. Terdapat hubungan bermakna positif sangat kuat antara derajat FTP dengan nilai AHI, Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna derajat FTP dengan nilai LSAT. 

Kesimpulan : Terdapat hubungan FTP dengan nilai AHI, tidak terdapat hubungan FTP dengan nilai LSAT

Kata Kunci : Obstructive sleep apnea, friedman tongue position, Apnea-Hyponea index, Low saturation.
The EFFECT OF APPLICATION MOBILE DISCHARGE PLANNING (MODSPLAN) TO INCREASING THE HOSPITAL READNESS IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Megasari Anis Laela
Published: March 2022

LATAR BELAKANG: Infark miokard akut termasuk dalam penyakit yang memiliki angka perawatan berulang yang tinggi. Discharge planning merupakan intervensi yang dapat digunakan untuk meminimalisir kejadian perawatan berulang. Namun, banyak laporan menyatakan pelaksanaan discharge planning masih belum optimal. Penggunaan metode yang kurang tepat menjadi penyebab belum optimalnya pelaksanaan discharge planning. Penelitian ini mengusulkan metode discharge planning baru yaitu Aplikasi modisplan

TUJUAN: Membuktikan pengaruh aplikasi modisplan untuk mengoptimalkan kesiapan pulang pada pasien infark miokard akut. Bukan hanya itu aplikasi ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pasien dalam melakukan kontinuitas perawatan sehingga tidak terjadi perawatan berulang

METODE: Quasy experimental dengan pretest-posttest nonequivalent control group design. Total responden sebanyak 30 responden terbagi menjadi kelompok kontrol sebanyak 15 responden dan kelompok intervensi sebanyak 15 responden. Penerapan Aplikasi modisplan dilakukan secara terstruktur dimulai dari pengkajian, tatalaksana, monitoring dan evaluasi. Kesiapan pulang diukur menggunakan kuesioner Readiness of hospital discharge Scale. Uji statistic menggunakan uji Wilcoxon dan Independet T-Test.

HASIL: Ada pengaruh aplikasi modesplan terhadap kesiapan pulang pasien infark miokard akut (p value 0,000). Skor rerata akhir pada kelompok kontrol 114,73, sedangkan pada kelompok intervensi 134,80

KESIMPULAN: Penerapan aplikasi modesplan terbukti dapat mengoptimalkan kesiapan pulang pasien infarak miokard akut.
Pengaruh Senam Qigong terhadap Kebugaran Kardiorespirasi Lansia
Authors: Satriya Reffi Yuwono , Widagda I Made , Asmara Putri Rahmi Isma
Published: March 2022

ABSTRAK

 Pendahuluan : Menurunnya kapasitas fisik lansia dapat menjadi faktor yang menyebabkan kurangnya partisipasi lansia untuk latihan dalam meningkatkan kebugaran kardiorespirasi. Dibandingkan dengan senam lansia ataupun Tai chi, senam Qigong memiliki gerakan yang sederhana, lambat, dan intensitas rendah sehingga akan mudah dipelajari dan meningkatkan partisipasi lansia dalam latihan. Meskipun latihan ini merupakan latihan dengan intensitas ringan-sedang, senam Qigong memiliki efek aerobik yang cukup baik untuk meningkatkan kebugaran kardiorespirasi.

 

Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh senam Qigong terhadap kebugaran kardiorespirasi lansia.

 

Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan quasi experimental. Sampel berjumlah 21 orang lansia di Panti Pelayanan Sosial Lanjut Usia, Pucang Gading, Semarang yang terbagi menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok Qigong (n=11) dan kelompok kontrol (n=10). Kelompok Qigong mendapatkan intervensi senam Qigong dan kelompok kontrol mendapatkan intervensi senam lansia. Intervensi pada kedua kelompok dilakukan 3 kali seminggu selama 8 minggu. Konsumsi oksigen maksimal (VO2max) yang merupakan indikator kebugaran kardiorespirasi diukur menggunakan 6 minute walk test(6MWT).

 

Hasil : Pada akhir penelitian, rerata nilai VO2max adalah 12,39 ± 3,60 ml/kg/menit pada kelompok Qigong dan 13,03 ± 4,75 ml/kg/menit kelompok kontrol dengan tidak ada perbedaan signifikan diantara kedua kelompok. Perbaikan nilai VO2max sebelum dan sesudah intervensi didapatkan sebesar 2,23 ± 1,40 ml/kg/menit pada kelompok Qigong dan 2,69 ± 0,75 ml/kg/menit pada kelompok kontrol dengan tidak ada perbedaan signifikan diantara kedua kelompok.

 

Simpulan : Senam Qigong dan senam lansia memberikan dampak perbaikan serupa terhadap kebugaran kardiorespirasi.

 

Kata kunci : Latihan Qigong, Lansia, Kebugaran kardiorespirasi
- Perbandingan McKenzie dan Isometric Neck Exercise terhadap Keseimbangan pada Forward Head Posture
Authors: Munawaroh Naela , Sugiarto Stephanie Indrawati , Wahyudati Sri , Setiawati Erna
Published: March 2022

LATAR BELAKANG: Peningkatan penggunaan komputer pada era saat ini diiringi dengan peningkatan prevalensi postur tubuh yang buruk akibat penggunaan komputer dengan posisi tetap dan tidak sesuai dalam jangka waktu yang lama. Hal tersebut berpotensi menyebabkan perubahan postur dan alignment tubuh seperti forward head posture. McKenzie neck exercise dan isometric neck exercise merupakan latihan yang dianggap dapat membantu mempertahankan alignment normal spinal dan memperbaiki postur tubuh.

TUJUAN: Untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh McKenzie neck exercise dan isometric neck exercise terhadap keseimbangan pada karyawan pengguna komputer dengan forward head posture.

METODE: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan quasi experimental pre and post-test design. Subjek penelitian merupakan karyawan pengguna komputer di RSUP dr Kariadi Semarang yang menderita forward head posture. Sebanyak 24 subjek penelitian dibagi menjadi kelompok 1 (n=12) yang mendapatkan McKenzie neck exercise dan kelompok 2 (n=12) mendapatkan isometric neck exercise. Alokasi dilakukan dengan randomisasi sederhana. Masing-masing kelompok melakukan latihan sebanyak 12 kali selama 4 minggu dengan frekuensi 3 kali per minggu. Penilaian keseimbangan dengan menggunakan kuesioner mCTSIB (Modified Clinical Test of Sensory Integration on Balance). Analisis data menggunakan uji Shapiro Wilk, Mann Whitney, independent t-test dan paired t-test.

HASIL: Data demografis sampel pada penelitian ini tidak menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan baik pada kelompok 1 dan 2. Terdapat peningkatan yang signifikan pada kondisi 1 (keseimbangan di alas datar dengan mata terbuka) pada kelompok 1 (p = 0,025). Hasil signifikan juga didapatkan pada kondisi 2 (keseimbangan di alas datas dengan mata tertutup) kelompok 2 (p = 0,041). Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada analisis kedua kelompok intervensi. Kelompok McKenzie tidak memberikan peningkatan keseimbangan yang lebih besar pada semua kondisi jika dibandingkan dengan kelompok isometric neck exercise.

KESIMPULAN: Latihan McKenzie tidak lebih superior dibanding latihan isometric neck exercise dalam meningkatkan keseimbangan
Hiperkalemia yang Disebabkan oleh Siklosporin pada Pasien Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS)
Authors: Puspitasari Winda Dwi , Felista Ratih Ayu , Santosa Damai
Published: March 2022

Latar belakang: Siklosporin merupakan calcineurin inhibitor yang dapat digunakan sebagai imunosupresan pada myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Hiperkalemia adalah salah satu efek samping siklosporin. Kejadian hiperkalemia dari penggunaan siklosporin belum banyak dilaporkan. Meskipun jarang disertai dengan gejala, hiperkalemia sedang dan berat dapat menjadi fatal dan mengancam jiwa.

Tujuan: Menjelaskan secara rinci mengenai hiperkalemia yang disebabkan oleh siklosporin pada pasien MDS serta penatalaksanaannya.

Kasus: Seorang laki-laki (74 tahun) datang dengan keluhan melena, lemas, batuk berdahak. Pasien memiliki riwayat MDS, hipertensi, Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), dan diabetes mellitus dan rutin minum obat siklosporin, irbesartan, dan spironolakton. Pasien mengalami hiperkalemia sejak awal masuk rumah sakit (kalium 7,8 mmol/L). Selama rawat inap, spironolakton dihentikan, irbesartan dan siklosporin dilanjutkan. Untuk terapi hiperkalemia, pasien menerima infus insulin-dekstrose dan kalsium polistirena sulfonat namun kadar kalium masih tinggi. Kalium turun ke nilai normal (4,4 mmol/L) setelah siklosporin dihentikan pada hari ke-8.

Diskusi: Beberapa faktor pemicu hiperkalemia (CKD, diabetes mellitus, penggunaan bersama obat siklosporin, spironolakton, dan irbesartan) menyebabkan penanganan hiperkalemia cukup sulit. Siklosporin menyebabkan hiperkalemia melalui beberapa mekanisme yang berbeda sehingga pengaruhnya cukup kuat. Strategi penatalaksanaan hiperkalemia pada pasien ini meliputi penghentian spironolakton, pemberian insulin-dekstrose dan kalsium polistirena sulfonat, diikuti penghentian obat siklosporin.

Kesimpulan: Siklosporin dapat menyebabkan hiperkalemia, sehingga penting untuk melakukan pemantauan kadar kalium secara rutin terutama bila siklosporin diberikan bersama dengan obat lain atau pada kondisi yang dapat meningkatkan kadar kalium.

Kata kunci: siklosporin, hiperkalemia, myelodysplastic syndrome
Seorang Anak Perempuan 1 Bulan Dengan Apert Syndrom (Acrocephalosyndactyly Syndrome Type 1)
Authors: Nareswari Tara , Ningrum Farah Hendara
Published: March 2022

Latar Belakang

Sindrom apert merupakan salah satu jenis acrocephalosyndactyly yang paling dikenal dan disebabkan oleh mutasi gen fibroblast growth factor receptors2 (FGFR2)

Acrocephalosyndactyly didefinisikan sebagai sindrom kongenital ditandai dengan penutupan yang terlalu dini dari sutura sutura tengkorak (craniosynostosis) Hal ini menghasilkan kepala dan wajah yang berbentuk tidak normal, serta fusi jari tangan dan kaki (sindactyly) 1. Tujuan studi kasus ini adalah untuk mengetahui penegakhan diagnosis sindrom apert

Laporan kasus

Pasien datang ke poli anak RS Kariadi Semarang tanggal 15 Oktober 2018 yang merupakan rujukan dari RS Keluarga Sehat Pati, dengan assesment suspek sindrom tertentu DD/ Craniosinostosis syndrom, Baller gerold syndrom. Orangtua pasien mengeluhkan bahwa saat bernafas anak berbunyi grok grok.

Kesan dari pemeriksaan radiologi skeletal survey adalah Craniosynostosis yang membentuk gambaran Harlequin Eye, Syndactyly manus kiri, Polyndactyly pedis kiri, yang mana dari keseluruhan tanda klinis tersebut mendukung gambaran Apert Syndrome. Sedangkan kesan dari pemeriksaan MSCT kepala tanpa kontras adalah Sutura coronaria kanan kiri tampak sudah menutup, microcephali, brachicephalic, tak tampak gambaran hidrocephalus, tak tampak kalsifikasi patologis yang mencurigakan suatu infeksi kongenital, tak tampak tanda tanda peningkatan tekanan intracranial

Pembahasan

Apert syndrome (acrocephalosyndactyly) adalah kelainan perkembangan yang jarang terjadi, ditandai oleh craniosynostosis, hipoplasia midface, syndactili simetris tangan dan kaki. Karakteristik prodromal untuk penampilan wajah-cranio yang khas adalah craniosynostosis awal jahitan koronal, dasar kranial dan agenesis dari jahitan sagital. Apert Syndrome adalah sindrom craniosynostosis yang paling dikenal luas

Apert syndrome merupakan acrocephalosyndactyly tipe I adalah malformasi kongenital yang langka dengan dikarakteristikan oleh kraniosinostosis, hipoplasia mid-face, syndactyly  pada tangan dan kaki. Pada pasien ini tampak synostosis sutura coronaria kanan kiri yang membentuk gambaran harlequin eye. Syndactyly tangan dan kaki, dengan syndactyly pada tangan yaitu tipe 2 atau biasa disebut mitten hand yaitu tampak fusi jari ke 2- 4 tanpa keikutsertaan ibu jari. Dengan penampilan klinis pada mid face pasien menunjukan wajah dismorfik, flat facies, mata proptosis, hidung low nasal bridge, dan mulut palatum letak tinggi

Kesimpulan

Apert Syndrom merupakan salah satu tipe Acrocephalosyndactyly yaitu kelainan kongenital akibat mutasi heterozigot pada gen FGFR2 dengan sifat dominant autosomal, yang ditandai dengan craniosinostosis, hipoplasia midface, dan syndactyly pada tangan dan kaki. Pemeriksaan radiologi memiliki peranan penting dalam mendiagnosa kelainan ini
Full Text Volume 9 Nomor 1 Maret 2022
Authors: Hospital Kariadi General
Published: March 2022

Full Text Volume 9 Nomor 1 Maret 2022
It is Time for Washington State to Take a Stand Against Holmes's Bad Man: The Value of Punitive Damages in Deterring Big Business and International Tortfeasors
Authors: Pahlke Jackson
Published: March 2022

In Washington State, tortfeasors get a break when they commit intentional torts. Instead of receiving more punishment for their planned bad act, intentional tortfeasors are punished as if they committed a mere accident. The trend does not stop in Washington State—nationwide, punitive damage legislation inadequately deters intentional wrongdoers through caps and outright bans on punitive damages. Despite Washington State’s one hundred and twenty-five year ban on punitive damages, it is in a unique and powerful position to change the way courts across the country deal with intentional tortfeasors. Since Washington has never had a comprehensive punitive damages framework, and has largely avoided the sway of the nationwide tort reform movement, it is a blank slate for demonstrating how punitive damages should be used to deter intentional wrongdoing in a fair and appropriate way. While law and economics theorists have debated how to reach complete deterrence, this Note’s argument takes reality into consideration in the form of binding Supreme Court precedent on punitive damages to provide a punitive damages framework that results in more deterrence than current punitive damages provide, and still passes constitutional scrutiny. This Note argues for a punitive damages framework based on graduated levels of culpability and correlated compensatory to punitive damage-award ratios to allow for as much deterrence of intentional wrongdoing as possible, while conforming to Supreme Court precedent.
Shedding Light on the "Going Dark" Problem and the Encryption Debate
Authors: Traylor John
Published: March 2022

In an effort to protect the enormous volume of sensitive and valuable data that travels across the Internet and is stored on personal devices, private companies have created encryption software to secure data from criminals, hackers, and terrorists who wish to steal it. The greatest benefit of encryption also creates the biggest problem: Encryption software has become so secure that often not even the government can bypass it. The “Going Dark” problem—a scenario in which the government has obtained the legal authority to search a suspected criminal’s encrypted device but lacks the technical ability to do so—is becoming increasingly common. In response, the government has resorted to obtaining court orders to compel private companies to assist it in bypassing encrypted devices, in some cases demanding that companies create entirely new software to accomplish this task. This raises a plethora of political, economic, and legal questions. This Note argues that given the weighty interests on all sides of the debate and the widespread effects that these cases will have, the encryption issue should be decided by the legislative branch instead of the courts. Because of the complexity of these issues and the lack of current legislation, the courts are being forced to stretch the law in ways that will likely lead to inconsistent and undesirable rulings. This Note advocates that the best method for Congress to solve this problem is to create an administrative body with rule-making, investigative, and adjudicative powers to address these situations on a case-by-case basis and to advise Congress on future legislation regarding encryption and digital security in general.