bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tunable Broadband Solar Energy Absorber Based on Monolayer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides Materials Using Au Nanocubes
Authors: Li Jiakun , Chen Zeqiang , Yang Hua , Yi Zao , Chen Xifang , Yao Weitang , Duan Tao , Wu Pinghui , Li Gongfa , Yi Yougen
Published: February 2020

In order to significantly enhance the absorption capability of solar energy absorbers in the visible wavelength region, a novel monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2)-based nanostructure was proposed. Local surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) supported by Au nanocubes (NCs) can improve the absorption of monolayer MoS2. A theoretical simulation by a finite-difference time-domain method (FDTD) shows that the absorptions of proposed MoS2-based absorbers are above 94.0% and 99.7% at the resonant wavelengths of 422 and 545 nm, respectively. In addition, the optical properties of the proposed nanostructure can be tuned by the geometric parameters of the periodic Au nanocubes array, distributed Bragg mirror (DBR) and polarization angle of the incident light, which are of great pragmatic significance for improving the absorption efficiency and selectivity of monolayer MoS2. The absorber is also able to withstand a wide range of incident angles, showing polarization-independence. Similar design ideas can also be implemented to other transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) to strengthen the interaction between light and MoS2. This nanostructure is relatively simple to implement and has a potentially important application value in the development of high-efficiency solar energy absorbers and other optoelectronic devices.
Breast Milk Iodine Concentration Is Associated with Infant Growth, Independent of Maternal Weight
Authors: Ellsworth Lindsay , McCaffery Harlan , Harman Emma , Abbott Jillian , Gregg Brigid
Published: February 2020

In breastfed infants, human milk provides the primary source of iodine to meet demands during this vulnerable period of growth and development. Iodine is a key micronutrient that plays an essential role in hormone synthesis. Despite the importance of iodine, there is limited understanding of the maternal factors that influence milk iodine content and how milk iodine intake during infancy is related to postnatal growth. We examined breast milk samples from near 2 weeks and 2 months post-partum in a mother-infant dyad cohort of mothers with pre-pregnancy weight status defined by body mass index (BMI). Normal (NW, BMI < 25.0 kg/m2) is compared to overweight/obesity (OW/OB, BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2). The milk iodine concentration was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. We evaluated the associations between iodine content at 2 weeks and infant anthropometrics over the first year of life using multivariable linear mixed modeling. Iodine concentrations generally decreased from 2 weeks to 2 months. We observed no significant difference in iodine based on maternal weight. A higher iodine concentration at 2 weeks was associated with a larger increase in infant weight-for-age and weight-for-length Z-score change per month from 2 weeks to 1 year. This pilot study shows that early iodine intake may influence infant growth trajectory independent of maternal pre-pregnancy weight status.
How Much Sugar is in My Drink? The Power of Visual Cues
Authors: Merillat Bethany D. , González-Vallejo Claudia
Published: February 2020

Despite widespread attempts to educate consumers about the dangers of sugar, as well as the advent of nutritional labeling, individuals still struggle to make educated decisions about the foods they eat, and/or to use the Nutrition Facts Panel. This study examined the effect of visual aids on judgments of sugar quantity in popular drinks, and choices. 261 volunteers at four different locations evaluated 11 common beverages. Key measures were estimates of sugar in the drinks, nutrition knowledge, and desire to consume them. In the experimental condition, participants viewed beverages along with test tubes filled with the total amount of sugar in each drink; the control condition had no sugar display. Both groups were encouraged to examine the Nutrition Facts Panel when making their evaluations. Correlational analyses revealed that consumers exposed to the visual aid overestimated sugar content and the length of time needed to exercise to burn off the calories; they also had lower intentions to consume any of the beverages. Individuals asserting to use the Nutrition Facts Panel (NFP) in general were also less likely to admit using it in this particular study (r = −2, p = 0.001). This study suggests that a simple visual aid intervention affected judgments and choices towards curtailing sugar intake. This has implications for labeling format implementation.
Epidermal Delivery of Retinyl Palmitate Loaded Transfersomes: Penetration and Biodistribution Studies
Authors: Pena-Rodríguez Eloy , Moreno Mari Carmen , Blanco-Fernandez Bárbara , González Jordi , Fernández-Campos Francisco
Published: February 2020

The alteration of retinoids levels in the skin can cause different disorders in the maturation of epithelial skin cells. Topical administration of these lipophilic molecules is a challenge that can be addressed by encapsulation into drug delivery systems. In this study, retinyl palmitate transferosomes formulated in cream were developed and the increases in the penetration of the active ingredients as well as the biodistribution were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Transfersomes demonstrated a significant increase in the administration of retinyl palmitate to the epidermis by quantification of the active ingredients in the different layers of the skin, as well as by fluorescence microscopy of biopsies of non-dermatomized pig-ear skin. These results suggest that transfersomes may be an efficient vehicle for the delivery of retinoids to inner layers of the skin, such as the epidermis.
Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Paddies: Understanding the Role of Rice Plants
Authors: Timilsina Arbindra , Bizimana Fiston , Pandey Bikram , Yadav Ram Kailash Prasad , Dong Wenxu , Hu Chunsheng
Published: February 2020

Paddies are a potential source of anthropogenic nitrous oxide (N2O) emission. In paddies, both the soil and the rice plants emit N2O into the atmosphere. The rice plant in the paddy is considered to act as a channel between the soil and the atmosphere for N2O emission. However, recent studies suggest that plants can also produce N2O, while the mechanism of N2O formation in plants is unknown. Consequently, the rice plant is only regarded as a channel for N2O produced by soil microorganisms. The emission of N2O by aseptically grown plants and the distinct dual isotopocule fingerprint of plant-emitted N2O, as reported by various studies, support the production of N2O in plants. Herein, we propose a potential pathway of N2O formation in the rice plant. In rice plants, N2O might be formed in the mitochondria via the nitrate–nitrite–nitric oxide (NO3–NO2–NO) pathway when the cells experience hypoxic or anoxic stress. The pathway is catalyzed by various enzymes, which have been described. So, N2O emitted from paddies might have two origins, namely soil microorganisms and rice plants. So, regarding rice plants only as a medium to transport the microorganism-produced N2O might be misleading in understanding the role of rice plants in the paddy. As rice cultivation is a major agricultural activity worldwide, not understanding the pathway of N2O formation in rice plants would create more uncertainties in the N2O budget.
Development of Polymeric Membranes Based on Quaternized Polysulfones for AMFC Applications
Authors: Carbone Alessandra , Pedicini Rolando , Gatto Irene , Saccà Ada , Patti Assunta , Bella Giovanni , Cordaro Massimiliano
Published: February 2020

A series of quaternary ammonium-functionalized polysulfones were successfully synthesized using a chloromethylation two-step method. In particular, triethylammonium and trimethylammonium polysulfone derivatives with different functionalization degrees from 60% to 150% were investigated. NMR spectroscopic techniques were used to determine the degree of functionalization of the polymers. The possibility to predict the functionalization degree by a reaction tool based on a linear regression was highlighted. Anionic membranes with a good homogeneity of thickness were prepared using a doctor-blade casting method of functionalized polymers. The chemical–physical data showed that ion exchange capacity, water content, and wettability increase with the increase of functionalization degree. A higher wettability was found for membranes prepared by the trimethylamine (TMA) quaternary ammonium group. A degree of functionalization of 100% was chosen for an electrochemical test as the best compromise between chemical–physical properties and mechanical stability. From anionic conductivity measurement a better stability was found for the triethylamine (TEA)-based membrane due to a lower swelling effect. A power density of about 300 mW/cm2 for the TEA-based sample at 60 °C in a H2/O2 fuel cell was found.
Warp-Knitted Spacer Fabric Reinforced Syntactic Foam: A Compression Modulus Meso-Mechanics Theoretical Model and Experimental Verification
Authors: Zhi Chao , Du Mingjuan , Sun Zhaoling , Wu Mengjie , He Xiaoyi , Meng Jiaguang , Yu Lingjie
Published: February 2020

In this study, a new type ternary composite, called warp-knitted spacer fabric reinforced syntactic foam (WKSF-SF), with the advantages of high mechanical properties and a lower density, was proposed. Then, a meso-mechanics theoretical model based on the Eshelby–Mori–Tanaka equivalent inclusion method, average stress method and composite hybrid theory was established to predict the compression modulus of WKSF-SF. In order to verify the validity of this model, compression modulus values of theoretical simulations were compared with the quasi-static compression experiment results. The results showed that the addition of suitable WKSF produces at least 15% improvement in the compressive modulus of WKSF-SF compared with neat syntactic foam (NSF). Meanwhile, the theoretical model can effectively simulate the values and variation tendency of the compression modulus for different WKSF-SF samples, and is especially suitable for the samples with smaller wall thickness or a moderate volume fraction of microballoons (the deviations is less than 5%). The study of the meso-mechanical properties of WKSF-SF will help to increase understanding of the compression properties of this new type composite deeply. It is expected that WKSF-SF can be used in aerospace, marine, transportation, construction, and other fields.
Quality-Relevant Monitoring of Batch Processes Based on Stochastic Programming with Multiple Output Modes
Authors: Shen Feifan , Zheng Jiaqi , Ye Lingjian , Gu De
Published: February 2020

To implement the quality-relevant monitoring scheme for batch processes with multiple output modes, this paper presents a novel methodology based on stochastic programming. Bringing together tools from stochastic programming and ensemble learning, the developed methodology focuses on the robust monitoring of process quality-relevant variables by taking the stochastic nature of batch process parameters explicitly into consideration. To handle the problem of missing data and lack of historical batch data, a bagging approach is introduced to generate individual quality-relevant sub-datasets, which are used to construct the corresponding monitoring sub-models. For each model, stochastic programming is used to construct an optimal quality trajectory, which is regarded as the reference for online quality monitoring. Then, for each sub-model, a corresponding control limit is obtained by computing historical residuals between the actual output and the optimal trajectory. For online monitoring, the current sample is examined by all sub-models, and whether the monitoring statistic exceeds the control limits is recorded for further analysis. The final step is ensemble learning via Bayesian fusion strategy, which is under the probabilistic framework. The implementation and effectiveness of the developed methodology are demonstrated through two case studies, including a numerical example, and a simulated fed-batch penicillin fermentation process.
Reviewing Research Trends—A Scientometric Approach Using Gunshot Residue (GSR) Literature as an Example
Authors: Sobreira Catarina , Klu Joyce K. , Cole Christian , Nic Daéid Niamh , Ménard Hervé
Published: February 2020

The ability to manage, distil and disseminate the significant amount of information that is available from published literature is fast becoming a core and critical skill across all research domains, including that of forensic science. In this study, a simplified scientometric approach has been applied to available literature on gunshot residue (GSR) as a test evidence type aiming to evaluate publication trends and explore the interconnectivity between authors. A total of 731 publications were retrieved using the search engine ‘Scopus’ and come from 1589 known authors, of whom 401 contributed to more than one research output on this subject. Out of the total number of publications, only 35 (4.8%) were found to be Open Access (OA). The Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) for years 2006 and 2016 reveals a much higher growth in publications relating to GSR (8.0%) than the benchmark annual growth rate of 3.9%. The distribution of a broad spectrum of keywords generated from the publications confirms a historical trend, in particular regarding the use of analytical techniques, in the study of gunshot residue. The results inform how relevant information extracted from a bibliometric search can be used to explore, analyse and define new research areas.
Assessment of “Sameness” and/or Differences between Marketed Creams Containing Miconazole Nitrate Using a Discriminatory in vitro Release Testing (IVRT) Method
Authors: Purazi Potiwa , Rath Seeprarani , Ramanah Ashmita , Kanfer Isadore
Published: February 2020

In vitro release testing (IVRT) provides an efficient method for the evaluation of drug release from semi-solid formulations. The aim of this research was to develop and validate a discriminatory IVRT system using vertical diffusion cells (VDCs) to assess generic topical products containing miconazole nitrate (MCZ). A comprehensive approach addressing all essential suitability criteria supporting the reliability of IVRT results was applied. These include mechanical validation of the VDCs, a performance verification test (PVT), validation of the analytical method (HPLC) used to quantify the drug release and validation of the IVRT method to confirm its precision, reproducibility, discriminatory ability, and robustness. Two marketed generic products were tested and assessed in accordance with the acceptance criteria for “sameness” in the FDA’s SUPAC-SS guidance which requires that the 90% confidence interval (CI) should fall within the limits of 75%–133.33%. One product was found to be in vitro equivalent to the reference product whereas the other was not. The results confirmed the suitability of the IVRT method to accurately measure the release of MCZ from topical cream products and, importantly, demonstrated the necessary discriminatory ability to assess “sameness”/differences of dermatological creams containing MCZ. Furthermore, the developed IVRT method was able to detect differences between formulations, which may be attributed to qualitative (Q1) and quantitative (Q2) properties and the microstructure and arrangement of matter (Q3).
Urban Multi-Source Spatio-Temporal Data Analysis Aware Knowledge Graph Embedding
Authors: Zhao Ling , Deng Hanhan , Qiu Linyao , Li Sumin , Hou Zhixiang , Sun Hai , Chen Yun
Published: February 2020

Multi-source spatio-temporal data analysis is an important task in the development of smart cities. However, traditional data analysis methods cannot adapt to the growth rate of massive multi-source spatio-temporal data and explain the practical significance of results. To explore the network structure and semantic relationships, we propose a general framework for multi-source spatio-temporal data analysis via knowledge graph embedding. The framework extracts low-dimensional feature representation from multi-source spatio-temporal data in a high-dimensional space, and recognizes the network structure and semantic relationships about multi-source spatio-temporal data. Experiment results show that the framework can not only effectively utilize multi-source spatio-temporal data, but also explore the network structure and semantic relationship. Taking real Shanghai datasets as an example, we confirm the validity of the multi-source spatio-temporal data analytical framework based on knowledge graph embedding.
Non-Singular Fast Terminal Sliding Mode Control of High-Speed Train Network System Based on Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Kong Xiangyu , Zhang Tong
Published: February 2020

This paper proposes a non-singular fast terminal sliding mode control strategy based on the self-organizing radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) approximation for the train key network system to realize the safe and reliable operation of the train. In order to improve the RBFNN approximation performance and speed, an improved multi-strategy particle swarm optimization (IMPSO) algorithm, which utilizes multi-strategy evolution ways with a nonlinear deceasing inertia weight to improve the global optimizing performance of particle swarm, is proposed to optimize the structure and parameters for better mapping the highly nonlinear characteristics of train traction braking. In addition, the IMPSO is also introduced into a non-singular fast terminal sliding mode (NFTSM) controller to obtain the most appropriate tuning parameters of the controller and suppresses the chattering phenomenon from sliding mode controller. The stability characteristic of the system under the proposed NFTSM controller is studied based on the Lyapunov theory. Further combined with effective delay prediction and delay compensation methods, the NFTSM high-precision control of the train key nonlinear network system is implemented. The simulation results show that the proposed method has more efficient and robust tracking performance and real-time performance compared with other control methods, which can provide effective means for realizing the symmetrical bus control by automatic train operation (ATO) at both ends of the train, with the safe operation of the train under every complex motion condition.
Oscillatory Properties of Solutions of Even-Order Differential Equations
Authors: Elabbasy Elmetwally M. , El-Nabulsi Rami Ahmad , Moaaz Osama , Bazighifan Omar
Published: February 2020

This work is concerned with the oscillatory behavior of solutions of even-order neutral differential equations. By using Riccati transformation and the integral averaging technique, we obtain a new oscillation criteria. This new theorem complements and improves some known results from the literature. An example is provided to illustrate the main results.
Significance of Bioconvective and Thermally Dissipation Flow of Viscoelastic Nanoparticles with Activation Energy Features: Novel Biofuels Significance
Authors: Waqas Hassan , Khan Sami Ullah , Tlili Iskander , Awais Muhammad , Shadloo Mostafa S.
Published: February 2020

The analysis of bioconvection flow nanofluids is the topic of concern in recent decades as it involves a variety of physical significance in biotechnology. Bioconvection has many applications in the interdisciplinary field of sciences such as in biomedical science, biofuel biotechnology, and enzyme-based biosensors, among others. The aim of the current work is to analyze the bioconvection phenomenon in the two-dimensional steady flow of viscoelastic nanofluid over a vertical surface. Here, the effects of activation energy, second-order slip, and nanoparticles zero mass flux conditions are considered to investigate the flow problem. Based on dimensionless variables, the governing partial differential equations (PDEs) are transformed into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) which are further solved numerically by using a built-in BVP4C approach in MATLAB software. Various controlling parameters like Hartman number, viscoelastic parameter, first and second-order slip factors, buoyancy ratio parameter, thermophoresis parameter, Brownian motion constant, bioconvection Lewis number and Peclet number are graphically illustrated for the distributions of velocity, temperature, concentration, and motile microorganism. Moreover, the variation of local Nusselt number, local Sherwood number, and motile density number are numerically investigated for the involved parameters.
Preparation of Enantiomerically Enriched P-Stereogenic Dialkyl-Arylphosphine Oxides via Coordination Mediated Optical Resolution
Authors: Varga Bence , Bagi Péter
Published: February 2020

Optical resolution of several dialkyl-arylphosphine oxides was elaborated using the Ca2+ salt of (−)-O,O’-dibenzoyl-(2R,3R)-tartaric acid as the resolving agent. The conditions of crystallization and purification of the enantiomerically enriched phosphine oxides were optimized. Ethyl-phenyl-propylphosphine oxide and butyl-methyl-phenylphosphine oxide were prepared with an enantiomeric excess higher than 93%, whereas, three other dialkyl-arylphosphine oxides were obtained with an enantiomeric excess of 37–85%. It was also found that the sterically demanding alkyl chains hinder the formation of stable diastereomeric complexes, which consequently led to less efficient resolution procedures.
Soliton Behaviours for the Conformable Space–Time Fractional Complex Ginzburg–Landau Equation in Optical Fibers
Authors: Al-Ghafri Khalil S.
Published: February 2020

In this work, we investigate the conformable space–time fractional complex Ginzburg–Landau (GL) equation dominated by three types of nonlinear effects. These types of nonlinearity include Kerr law, power law, and dual-power law. The symmetry case in the GL equation due to the three types of nonlinearity is presented. The governing model is dealt with by a straightforward mathematical technique, where the fractional differential equation is reduced to a first-order nonlinear ordinary differential equation with solution expressed in the form of the Weierstrass elliptic function. The relation between the Weierstrass elliptic function and hyperbolic functions enables us to derive two types of optical soliton solutions, namely, bright and singular solitons. Restrictions for the validity of the optical soliton solutions are given. To shed light on the behaviour of solitons, the graphical illustrations of obtained solutions are represented for different values of various parameters. The symmetrical structure of some extracted solitons is deduced when the fractional derivative parameters for space and time are symmetric.
New Multi-Parametrized Estimates Having pth-Order Differentiability in Fractional Calculus for Predominating ℏ-Convex Functions in Hilbert Space
Authors: Rashid Saima , Kalsoom Humaira , Hammouch Zakia , Ashraf Rehana , Baleanu Dumitru , Chu Yu-Ming
Published: February 2020

In Hilbert space, we develop a novel framework to study for two new classes of convex function depending on arbitrary non-negative function, which is called a predominating ℏ-convex function and predominating quasiconvex function, with respect to η , are presented. To ensure the symmetry of data segmentation and with the discussion of special cases, it is shown that these classes capture other classes of η -convex functions, η -quasiconvex functions, strongly ℏ-convex functions of higher-order and strongly quasiconvex functions of a higher order, etc. Meanwhile, an auxiliary result is proved in the sense of κ -fractional integral operator to generate novel variants related to the Hermite–Hadamard type for p t h -order differentiability. It is hoped that this research study will open new doors for in-depth investigation in convexity theory frameworks of a varying nature.
A Liquid Chromatographic Method for Rapid and Sensitive Analysis of Aflatoxins in Laboratory Fungal Cultures
Authors: Alshannaq Ahmad F. , Yu Jae-Hyuk
Published: February 2020

Culture methods supplemented with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique provide a rapid and simple tool for detecting levels of aflatoxins (AFs) produced by fungi. This study presents a robust method for simultaneous quantification of aflatoxin (AF) B1, B2, G1, and G2 levels in several fungal cultivation states: submerged shake culture, liquid slant culture, and solid-state culture. The recovery of the method was evaluated by spiking a mixture of AFs at several concentrations to the test medium. The applicability of the method was evaluated by using aflatoxigenic and non-aflatoxigenic Aspergilli. A HPLC coupled with the diode array (DAD) and fluorescence (FLD) detectors was used to determine the presence and amounts of AFs. Both detectors showed high sensitivity in detecting spiked AFs or AFs produced in situ by toxigenic fungi. Our methods showed 76%–88% recovery from medium spiked with 2.5, 10, 50, 100, and 500 ng/mL AFs. The limit of quantification (LOQ) for AFs were 2.5 to 5.0 ng/mL with DAD and 0.025 to 2.5 ng/mL with FLD. In this work, we described in detail a protocol, which can be considered the foremost and only verified method, to extract, detect, and quantify AFs employing both aflatoxigenic and non-toxigenic Aspergilli.
Inflammatory Reaction Induced by Two Metalloproteinases Isolated from Bothrops atrox Venom and by Fragments Generated from the Hydrolysis of Basement Membrane Components
Authors: Almeida Michelle Teixeira de , Freitas-de-Sousa Luciana Aparecida , Colombini Monica , Gimenes Sarah N. C. , Kitano Eduardo S. , Faquim-Mauro Eliana L. , Serrano Solange M. T. , Moura-da-Silva Ana Maria
Published: February 2020

Snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMPs) play an important role in local tissue damage of snakebite patients, mostly by hydrolysis of basement membrane (BM) components. We evaluated the proinflammatory activity of SVMPs Atroxlysin-Ia (ATXL) and Batroxrhagin (BATXH) from Bothrops atrox venom and their hydrolysis products of Matrigel. BALB/c mice were injected with SVMPs (2 μg), for assessment of paw edema and peritoneal leukocyte accumulation. Both SVMPs induced edema, representing an increase of ~70% of the paw size. Leukocyte infiltrates reached levels of 6 × 106 with ATXL and 5 × 106 with BATXH. TNF-α was identified in the supernatant of BATXH—or venom-stimulated MPAC cells. Incubation of Matrigel with the SVMPs generated fragments, including peptides from Laminin, identified by LC–MS/MS. The Matrigel hydrolysis peptides caused edema that increased 30% the paw size and promoted leukocyte accumulation (4–5 × 106) to the peritoneal cavity, significantly higher than Matrigel control peptides 1 and 4 h after injection. Our findings suggest that ATXL and BATXH are involved in the inflammatory reaction observed in B. atrox envenomings by direct action on inflammatory cells or by releasing proinflammatory peptides from BM proteins that may amplify the direct action of SVMPs through activation of endogenous signaling pathways.
Host Transcription Factors in Hepatitis B Virus RNA Synthesis
Authors: Turton Kristi L. , Meier-Stephenson Vanessa , Badmalia Maulik D. , Coffin Carla S. , Patel Trushar R.
Published: February 2020

The hepatitis B virus (HBV) chronically infects over 250 million people worldwide and is one of the leading causes of liver cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. HBV persistence is due in part to the highly stable HBV minichromosome or HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) that resides in the nucleus. As HBV replication requires the help of host transcription factors to replicate, focusing on host protein–HBV genome interactions may reveal insights into new drug targets against cccDNA. The structural details on such complexes, however, remain poorly defined. In this review, the current literature regarding host transcription factors’ interactions with HBV cccDNA is discussed.
A Broad and Potent H1-Specific Human Monoclonal Antibody Produced in Plants Prevents Influenza Virus Infection and Transmission in Guinea Pigs
Authors: Park Jun-Gyu , Ye Chengjin , Piepenbrink Michael S. , Nogales Aitor , Wang Haifeng , Shuen Michael , Meyers Ashley J. , Martinez-Sobrido Luis , Kobie James J.
Published: February 2020

Although seasonal influenza vaccines block most predominant influenza types and subtypes, humans still remain vulnerable to waves of seasonal and new potential pandemic influenza viruses for which no immunity may exist because of viral antigenic drift and/or shift. Previously, we described a human monoclonal antibody (hMAb), KPF1, which was produced in human embryonic kidney 293T cells (KPF1-HEK) with broad and potent neutralizing activity against H1N1 influenza A viruses (IAV) in vitro, and prophylactic and therapeutic activities in vivo. In this study, we produced hMAb KPF1 in tobacco plants (KPF1-Antx) and demonstrated how the plant-produced KPF1-Antx hMAb possesses similar biological activity compared with the mammalian-produced KPF1-HEK hMAb. KPF1-Antx hMAb showed broad binding to recombinant HA proteins and H1N1 IAV, including A/California/04/2009 (pH1N1) in vitro, which was comparable to that observed with KPF1-HEK hMAb. Importantly, prophylactic administration of KPF1-Antx hMAb to guinea pigs prevented pH1N1 infection and transmission in both prophylactic and therapeutic experiments, substantiating its clinical potential to prevent and treat H1N1 infections. Collectively, this study demonstrated, for the first time, a plant-produced influenza hMAb with in vitro and in vivo activity against influenza virus. Because of the many advantages of plant-produced hMAbs, such as rapid batch production, low cost, and the absence of mammalian cell products, they represent an alternative strategy for the production of immunotherapeutics for the treatment of influenza viral infections, including emerging seasonal and/or pandemic strains.
Eye Movements and Fixation-Related Potentials in Reading: A Review
Authors: Degno Federica , Liversedge Simon P.
Published: February 2020

The present review is addressed to researchers in the field of reading and psycholinguistics who are both familiar with and new to co-registration research of eye movements (EMs) and fixation related-potentials (FRPs) in reading. At the outset, we consider a conundrum relating to timing discrepancies between EM and event related potential (ERP) effects. We then consider the extent to which the co-registration approach might allow us to overcome this and thereby discriminate between formal theoretical and computational accounts of reading. We then describe three phases of co-registration research before evaluating the existing body of such research in reading. The current, ongoing phase of co-registration research is presented in comprehensive tables which provide a detailed summary of the existing findings. The thorough appraisal of the published studies allows us to engage with issues such as the reliability of FRP components as correlates of cognitive processing in reading and the advantages of analysing both data streams (i.e., EMs and FRPs) simultaneously relative to each alone, as well as the current, and limited, understanding of the relationship between EM and FRP measures. Finally, we consider future directions and in particular the potential of analytical methods involving deconvolution and the potential of measurement of brain oscillatory activity.
Performance Evaluation of Stormwater Management Systems and Its Impact on Development Costing
Authors: Akhter Farjana , A. Hewa Guna , Ahammed Faisal , Myers Baden , R. Argue John
Published: February 2020

The contribution of this paper is a comparison of the installation cost of a conventional drainage system consisting of a network of pits and pipes, with that of a hybrid drainage system comprising a network of pits and pipes, supported by allotment scale infiltration measures in a modern greenfield residential development. The case study site is located in Pipers Crest, near Strathalbyn, South Australia. This as-built site consists of 56 allotments, 42 pits (hence 42 sub-catchments), one detention basin and over 1000 m of drainage pipes. In this study, conventional and hybrid (combination of conventional and Water Sensitive Urban Design, WSUD systems) drainage systems were designed to convey minor storm events of 10% annual exceedance probability (AEP), and checked for major storm events of 5% AEP, using the DRAINS model and/or source control principles. The installation costs of the conventional and hybrid drainage systems were estimated and compared based upon cost estimates derived from Australian literature. The results of the study indicate that satisfactory drainage was possible using the conventional or hybrid system when the two systems were designed to have outflow not exceeding the pre-developed flow. The hybrid drainage system requires smaller pipe sizes compared to the conventional system. Also, the size of the detention basin and maximum outflow rate of the hybrid system were smaller than those for the conventionally drained site. The installation cost of the hybrid drainage system was 18% less than that of the conventional drainage system when the objective was to accommodate 10% and 5% AEP storms.
Combination of Ecological Engineering Procedures Applied to Morphological Stabilization of Estuarine Banks after Dredging
Authors: Sanches Fernandes Luís Filipe , Sampaio Pinto António Augusto , Salgado Terêncio Daniela Patrícia , Leal Pacheco Fernando António , Vitor Cortes Rui Manuel
Published: February 2020

Gravel extraction and upstream damming caused profound effects on the estuary of the Lima river (NW Portugal) which was reflected by the collapse of banks, leading further to the destruction of riparian vegetation. This led to consequences such as a progressive negative impact on the preservation of salt marshes over several decades of this protected area, which continued even after the cessation of extraction activities. In this work, we present a restoration project combining civil engineering with soft soil engineering procedures and revegetation, along with two distinct segments, and follow the recovery process. The main intention of the study is to promote hydraulic roughness in order to dissipate energy from peak flows and tides, increasing accretion and indirectly the stimulation of plant succession and salt marsh recovery. We are able to observe that the built structures (an interconnected system of groynes, deflectors and rip-rap/gabion mattress) allowed the erosion process to be detained. However, they did not allow as much sediment as expected to be trapped. The colonization of species (plants) in brackish and tidal water was a difficulty posed by this project. A more extensive restoration of all estuarine areas and river mouths, namely to overcome the sediment deficit, will require proper land-use management at the catchment scale instead of local actions.
The Variability of Lake Water Chemistry in the Bory Tucholskie National Park (Northern Poland)
Authors: Sojka Mariusz , Choiński Adam , Ptak Mariusz , Siepak Marcin
Published: February 2020

The paper presents the results of chemical analysis of lake waters in Bory Tucholskie National Park (BTNP). The BTNP area is unique due to its location within a single catchment and high variability in geological structure. Moreover, the lakes have different morphometric parameters, represent different hydrological types, trophic types and thermal regimes. Another unique feature is the existence of five lobelia lakes. This name comes from the Latin name of the taxon – Lobelia dortmanna L. which has been included in the Polish Red Data Book of Plants. The chemical analysis included 55 parameters, within macro elements (MEs), trace elements (TEs) and rare earth elements (REEs). Low concentrations of MEs, TEs and REEs confirm the absence of anthropogenic pressure. High variation of ME, TE and REE contents between individual lakes is due to different geological structure. The cluster analysis enabled lakes to be divided into six groups taking into account all analyzed water quality parameters. The lobelia lakes were characterized by the lowest concentrations of MEs and REEs, which mainly result from the small catchment area and their mainly endorheic character. The highest variability of MEs, TEs and REEs occurred in endorheic lakes, where the geological structure was dominant. The lowest variability of MEs, TEs and REEs occurred in the lakes connected by the Struga Siedmiu Jezior stream. The analysis of MEs, TEs and REEs in relation to the environmental factors and trophic, hydrologic and thermal typology allowed a better understanding of their spatial distribution in the BTNP lakes. The obtained results indicate that the values of the studied elements were generally close to the average values noted in surface waters according to the Geochemical Atlas of Europe.
Acciones y beneficios que proporciona la intervención del Terapeuta Ocupacional en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de adultos
Authors: Martínez-Leiva Jesús , Parra-Montañez Ginna , Segura-Esquivel Jossette
Published: February 2020

Introducción: En Costa Rica el objetivo de las Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo es disminuir la mortalidad y morbilidad de los usuarios en estado crítico. La Terapia Ocupacional, puede integrarse al equipo de trabajo ya que su objetivo es ayudar a controlar y prevenir las patologías para de esta manera garantizar la recuperación de las personas que se encuentran en la unidad. Objetivo: Determinar las acciones y beneficios que proporciona la intervención del Terapeuta Ocupacional en la alteraciones funcionales que presentan los adultos en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo de revisión bibliográfica, utilizando bases de datos como EBSCOHOST, Dialnet, Pubmed, Science Direct y Google Académico. Se hizo una búsqueda con los siguientes descriptores “Terapia Ocupacional” AND “Cuidados Intensivos” AND Terapéutica; publicados entre el año 2012 al 2019, en idiomas español, inglés y portugués. Resultados: El Terapeuta Ocupacional a través de diferentes procesos de intervención mejorara la evolución clínica, parámetros fisiológicos y comportamientos indicativos de un despertar del coma. Logra que el individuo involucre una gran cantidad de redes neuronales, regiones post lateralizadas y mediales del cerebro, además, previene deformidades, edema, contracturas articulares y musculares; disminuye la probabilidad de fallas orgánicas, hemodiálisis continúa y días de hospitalización pasando de 20,6 a 10,4; así como un 43% menos el tiempo promedio en cama. Esto radica en un ahorro bruto anual de $2,2 millones para la institución hospitalaria. Conclusiones: El TO es fundamental en este proceso de rehabilitación en usuarios en estado crítico, ya que a través de las acciones que realiza promueve la atención integral del individuo y el más apto desempeño de este en todas las esferas de la ocupación humana.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Es Krim Buah Naga Sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Gizi Keluarga bagi Kader PKK Kadipiro Banjarsari Surakarta
Authors: Harjanti Reslely , Aisiyah Siti , Nopiyanti Vivin , Sunarni Titik , Suhartinah Suhartinah
Published: February 2020

The community and especially children really like snacks such as ice cream. The use of dragon fruit as a component in ice cream is expected to be able to make people enjoy the sweetness and also get the intake of anthocyanins, especially those with antioxidant properties. The purpose of this activity is to provide skills training in the use of dragon fruit as the main component for ice cream making to PKK members in Kadipiro sub-district, Banjarsari District, Surakarta. The service activity begins with an explanation of the usefulness of dragon fruit and its phytochemical content. After that it was continued with training in making ice cream to PKK members. The training activities were divided into several stages starting from the tutorial then continued with mentoring from the team and ended with an evaluation of the implementation of the activities. The results from this activity are 1) participants have the understanding about nutrition of dragon fruit; 2) They understand procedure to make home made dragon fruit ice cream; 3) they able to make ice cream by themselves
Humanoid Prototype Development Through 3D Printing for New Technologies
Authors: Nunes França Matheus Henrique , Da Silva Oliveira Fredson , Rocha Pinheiro Oberdan
Published: February 2020

Robotics creates the possibility of using robots to assist humans in several tasks, especially in hostile environments to humans. In order to cope with different types of environments, it is of great importance that robots are adaptable to the environment in which they operate. So, this study aimed is to develop a prototype of a humanoid robot by 3D printing as close as possible to the human being. The prototype will be used as the cradle of tests and thus will advance the most diverse techniques in robotics and artificial intelligence.
RESULTS OF STATE REGISTRATION OF SMALL INNOVATIVE ENTERPRISES, CREATED IN THE SPHERE OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF RUSSIA
Authors: Fedorkov V.F , Turko T.I. , Odintsova N.N. , Rodionova G.G.
Published: February 2020

The article presents the results of work on the statistics of notifications registration, the formation of notifications Register on the creation of small innovative enterprises, support of the interactive information system of SRI FRCEC «Registration and monitoring of small innovative enterprises of scientific-educational sphere».
An Analysis of Islamic Banks Performance using Sharia Maqashid Index, Sharia Conformity and Profitability (SCnP) and CAMELS
Authors: Ramdhoni Mokhamad Ikhsan , Fauzi Firdaus Ahmad
Published: February 2020

Indonesian Islamic banking system has existed for more than 25 years old. However, at this age, it still has not had its own instrument for measuring performance and still adopts the orthodox measuring instrument which is restricted to financial ratio measurement only. The use of this orthodox measuring instrument as the only tool to evaluate the Islamic banks performance is considered less suitable, both in terms of the features and the purposes of Islamic banking in general. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the performance of Islamic banks using the Sharia Maqashid Index, Sharia Conformity and Profitability (SCnP) and CAMELS approaches. The population of this study was all Islamic Commercial Banks listed in Bank Indonesia from 2012-2016, while the data analysis technique used the quantitative research with descriptive approach. The Sharia Maqashid Index approach has three variables; educating people, establishing justice, and achieving public interest. The Sharia Conformity and Profitability (SCnP) approach has two variables; Sharia Conformity and Profitability. Meanwhile, the CAMELS approach has five variables; Capital, Asset Quality, Management, Earning, and Liquidity. The results of the research using the Sharia Maqashid Index approach shows that Bank Muamalat is in the first rank, followed by Bank Syariah Mandiri, BNI Syariah, and Bank Mega Syariah. By using the SCnP approach, the research shows that there are no Islamic banks in the upper right quadrant that has high sharia suitability and high profitability. Moreover, the CAMELS approach shows that all Islamic banks are quite healthy. The application of these performance measurement approaches become a factor that plays a dual role for the achievement of financial performance and sharia conformity.
Fan Loyalty Toward International Football Team: The Role of Brand Image
Authors: Irianto Dwi , Kartikasari Dwi
Published: February 2020

The study of fan loyalty in sports marketing mostly is focused on spectator attachment and brand athlete. However, lack of studies examines the fan loyalty formulation toward the international team using brand image. This study aims to examine the influence of two brand image dimensions (attributes and benefits) in creating fan loyalty toward the international team. This study applies the covariance-based structural equation model for analyzing the data. The sample consists of 335 international team football fans in Indonesia. These results reveal that both attributes and benefits are pivotal factors in influencing attitudinal loyalty as well as behavioral loyalty. Further, the result shows that the effect of attributes on attitudinal loyalty is higher compared to behavioural loyalty. These findings extend the existing knowledge on the relationship between brand image and customer loyalty in a sports context and provide useful implications for practitioners to retain their fan loyalty.
Determinación de los requerimientos de riego por aspersión en el cultivo de la achira (Canna edulis) y la influencia en sus etapas fenológicas
Authors: Játiva Reyes Mario Francisco , Paredes Andrade Nelly Judith , Bonilla Bonilla Amanda Elizabeth , Barrera Amat Antonio Luis
Published: February 2020

La achira (Canna edulis) con su principal derivado, el almidón, es muy apetecido y cotizado, en la elaboración de productos enlatados, en las industrias farmacéutica, textil, de papelería y adhesivos; y, en uso medicinal. Es una especie de gran importancia para la economía de las familias campesinas del sector sur oriental del cantón Loja (Ecuador). En cuanto a su cultivo aún se desconocen los elementos básicos necesarios que permitan hacer una planificación en zonas irrigadas. Por lo antes mencionado, se planteó la presente investigación denominada: "Determinación de los requerimientos de riego por aspersión en el cultivo de la achira (Canna edulis) y la influencia en sus etapas fenológicas en la provincia de Loja" El objetivo general fue determinar los requerimientos hídricos de la achira, a través del análisis de la evapotranspiración de referencia y del cultivo, y de la determinación del coeficiente del cultivo, mediante la utilización de riego por aspersión. Se aprovechó la presente investigación para conocer la influencia de las dosis de agua de riego entregada al cultivo y su rendimiento en almidón; la proyección hecha para una hectárea determinó que cuando se regó con tensiones de 40 centibares se obtuvo 8412,11 kg/ha (185 quintales/ha); con tensiones 30 cbar se logró 8157,03 kg/ha (179,45 quintales/ha); y, con tensiones de 20 cbar se consiguió 7653,91 kg/ha (168,39 quintales/ha). Se comprobó que la mejor tensión de humedad para utilizar en el cultivo de achira fue la de 40 centibares al haber alcanzado el mayor rendimiento de 8412,11 kg/ha (185,0 quintales/ha); y mayor concentración de almidón (14,61%).
Las enseñanzas de Don Jesús: Una forma yaqui de agroecología
Authors: Ramírez-García Adán Guillermo
Published: February 2020

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue realizar una aproximación para comparar el nivel de sustentabilidad entre el sistema monocultivo trigo y un sistema diversificado presentes en el Valle del Yaqui, lugar donde nació la llamada Revolución Verde y se encuentra localizado en el Sur de Sonora, México. Los ejes del análisis son la innovación, el consumo del agua y la rentabilidad. La metodología aplicada para la realización del presente estudio es una modificación al Marco para la Evaluación de Sistemas de Manejo de Recursos Naturales Incorporando Indicadores de Sustentabilidad (MESMIS). Los resultados indican que, de los 13 indicadores de sustentabilidad evaluados, el sistema diversificado presenta más indicios de sustentabilidad.