bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of Separators vs. Membranes in Nonaqueous Redox Flow Battery Electrolytes Containing Small Molecule Active Materials
Authors: Liang Zhiming , Attanayake N. Harsha , Greco Katharine , Neyhouse Bertrand , Barton John L. , Kaur Aman Preet , Eubanks William , Brushett Fikile , Landon James , Odom Susan
Published: January 2021

The lack of suitable membranes for nonaqueous electrolytes limits cell capacity and cycle lifetime in organic redox flow cells. Using soluble, stable materials, we sought to compare the best performance that could be achieved with commercially available microporous separators and ion-selective membranes. We use organic species with proven stability to avoid deconvoluting capacity fade due to crossover and/or cell imbalance from materials degradation. We found a trade-off between lifetime and coulombic efficiency: non-selective separators achieve more stable performance but suffer from low coulombic efficiencies, while ion-selective membranes achieve high coulombic efficiencies but experience capacity loss over time. When electrolytes are pre-mixed prior to cycling, coulombic efficiency remains high, but capacity is lost due to cell imbalance, which can be recovered by electrolyte rebalancing. The results of this study highlight the potential for gains in nonaqueous cell performance that may be enabled by suitable membranes.
Switching Between Enantiomers by Combining Chromoselective Photocatalysis and Biocatalysis
Authors: Schmermund Luca , Reischauer Susanne , Bierbaumer Sarah , Winkler Christoph , Diaz-Rodriguez Alba , Edwards Lee J. , Kara Selin , Mielke Tamara , Cartwright Jared , Grogan Gideon , Pieber Bartholomäus , Kroutil Wolfgang
Published: January 2021

Controlling the selectivity of a chemical reaction with external stimuli is common in thermal processes, but rare in visible-light photocatalysis. Here we show that the redox potential of a carbon nitride photocatalyst (CN-OA-m) can be tuned by changing the irradiation wavelength to generate electron holes with different oxidation potentials. This tuning was the key to realizing photo-chemo-enzymatic cascades that give either the (S)- or the (R)-enantiomer of phenylethanol. In combination with an unspecific peroxygenase from Agrocybe aegerita, green light irradiation of CN-OA-m led to the enantioselective hydroxylation of ethylbenzene to (R)-1-phenylethanol (99% ee). In contrast, blue light irradiation triggered the photocatalytic oxidation of ethylbenzene to acetophenone, which in turn was enantioselectively reduced with an alcohol dehydrogenase from Rhodococcus ruber to form (S)-1-phenylethanol (93% ee).
Epigenetic Target Prediction with Accurate Machine Learning Models
Authors: Sánchez-Cruz Norberto , Medina-Franco Jose L.
Published: January 2021

Epigenetic targets are a significant focus for drug discovery research, as demonstrated by the eight approved epigenetic drugs for treatment of cancer and the increasing availability of chemogenomic data related to epigenetics. This data represents a large amount of structure-activity relationships that has not been exploited thus far for the development of predictive models to support medicinal chemistry efforts. Herein, we report the first large-scale study of 26318 compounds with a quantitative measure of biological activity for 55 protein targets with epigenetic activity. Through a systematic comparison of machine learning models trained on molecular fingerprints of different design, we built predictive models with high accuracy for the epigenetic target profiling of small molecules. The models were thoroughly validated showing mean precisions up to 0.952 for the epigenetic target prediction task. Our results indicate that the herein reported models have considerable potential to identify small molecules with epigenetic activity. Therefore, our results were implemented as freely accessible and easy-to-use web application.
Tuning the Magnetic Properties of Two-Dimensional MXenes by Chemical Etching
Authors: Allen-Perry Kemryn , Straka Weston , Keith Danielle , Han Shubo , Reynolds C. Lewis , Gautam Bhoj , Autrey Daniel
Published: January 2021

Two-dimensional materials based on transition metal carbides have been intensively studied due to their unique properties including metallic conductivity, hydrophilicity, and structural diversity and have shown great potential in several applications. While MXenes based on magnetic transition elements show interesting magnetic properties, not much is known about the magnetic properties of titanium-based MXenes. Here, we measured magnetic properties of Ti3C2Tx MXenes synthesized by different chemical etching conditions. Our measurements indicate that there is a paramagnetic–antiferromagnetic (PM-AFM) phase transition, and the transition temperature depends on the synthesis procedure of MXenes. Our observation indicates that the magnetic properties of these MXenes can be tuned by the extent of chemical etching which can be beneficial for the design of MXene-based spintronic devices.
Active Cycle Breathing Technique on Pulmonary Complications After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
Authors: Thenmozhi P  , Thamarai Selvi K  , Vijaya Lakshmi M  , Thilakavathi N K
Published: January 2021

The most widely recognized postoperative complexities are watched and overseen after abdominal or cardiothoracic surgery are pulmonary complications and it is continue to contribute to patient morbidity and mortality. Hence, this study was conducted with the aim to determine the effectiveness of active cycle of breathing technique on pulmonary complications after coronary artery bypass surgery. Pre-experimental research design was adopted to conduct the study with 20 samples who met the inclusion criteria. Demographic variables were collected by using structured questionnaire and assessed the physiological parameters such as oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, and heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Followed by active cycle of breathing technique was administered to the participants twice a day for 3 days from the first post-operative day onwards. Pre and post assessment was done each day before and after the intervention and post-test value was taken for analysis. Post-operative complications were assessed at the end of 3rd day of intervention by using the checklist contains the pulmonary complications due to surgery. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical package. There was a significant improvement was observed in oxygen saturation, respiratory and heart rate at the level of p<0.05 and the percentage of complications also very minimal. The findings of the study concluded that active cycle breathing technique is effective in pulmonary function thereby prevent the pulmonary complications after coronary artery bypass graft.
Progressive muscle relaxation combined with music on pain and stress
Authors: Deepika D  , Thenmozhi P  , KalaBarathi S
Published: January 2021

Acute pain is an often unpleasant experience during the postoperative period after abdominal surgery causes diminish in physical functioning, which evokes stress. Hence, the study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Progressive Muscle Relaxation combined with music on the reduction of postoperative pain and stress among patients who have undergone abdominal surgery. The quasi-experimental research design was chosen to conduct the study with 40 samples matched with inclusion criteria. Samples were allocated into the experimental group (n=20) and control group (n=20) by convenience sampling technique. A pre-test was done by using a numerical pain scale and the perceived stress scale for both experimental and control group. The experimental group received progressive muscle relaxation for 10 minutes, followed by theme music for 5 minutes twice a day for three consecutive postoperative days. Control group received the routine care of the hospital. Posttest was done at the end of the third day for both experimental and control group using the same tool. There was a highly statistically significant (p<0.001) reduction in the level of pain and stress after Progressive Muscle Relaxation combined with music at the level of was observed within the experimental group and also found significant (p<0.001) difference between the experimental and control group by unpaired t-test. The study results concluded that progressive muscle relaxation combined with music is useful in the reduction of pain and stress. It is also a simple, cost-effective, and non-pharmacological method that can be used to complement pharmacological management during the postoperative period.
Effectiveness of art therapy on pain and anxiety level among postoperative children
Authors: Resmy V  , Raj Kumar N
Published: January 2021

As children grow, they learn each day, of how to live tomorrow watching the grace and disgrace that surround them. The utilization of imaginative strategies to treat mental issues and upgrade emotional well-being is known as art treatment. Art treatment is a strategy established in the possibility that inventive articulation can cultivate recuperating and mental prosperity. Craftsmanship, either making it or survey others' specialty, is utilized to assist individuals with investigating feelings, create mindfulness, adapt to pressure, help confidence, and work on social abilities. Postoperative care may be an emotional and developmental set back to the child. It causes anxiety and pain due to imbalance between environmental and societal demands and child's coping abilities. The present study aims to assess the effectiveness of art therapy on anxiety and pain level among postoperative children. A quantitative true experimental research design was conducted among 30 postoperative children by using a simple random sampling technique and 15 were divided in control and experimental group. The demographic data were collected using structured interview questionnaire. The pre-test was done to assess level of anxiety by five facial anxiety scale and pain by numerical pain scale for both the experimental and control group. The experimental group was given art therapy, the control group was given a routine care and then the post test was done. The study results show that the level of pain and anxiety was considerably reduced in the experimental group than the control group in the post test at p<0.005. This indicates SART therapy is effective non-pharmacological method and cost effective method to treat pain and anxiety among postoperative children. The result of the study is it was concluded that art therapy as no side effects and it is an easy and comfortable method which can be practiced to treat pain and anxiety.
A comparative study to assess the effectiveness of Topical Insulin Dressing vs Normal Saline Dressing on wound healing of Diabetic Foot Ulcer
Authors: Ruban David  , Nandhini Rajkumar
Published: January 2021

Diabetic foot ulcer (diabetic foot ulcer) is an injury entering through the profound vascular and collagenous (dermis) layers of the skin in diabetic patients. Helpless information by walking care and helpless foot care rehearses were distinguish as significant danger factors for foot issues in diabetes. The principle target of the investigation was to survey the effectiveness of topical insulin dressing versus saline dressing and analyze the degree of diabetic injury healing. Quasi-experimental with comparative research design was embraced for the investigation. Convenience sampling technique was utilized to choose 60 examples. Structured interview was used to collect background variable and Wagner diabetic wound assessment scale for assessing diabetic wound. The diabetic wound was dressed with topical insulin dressing and normal saline dressing for 6 days. The calculated paired 't' test value of t = 15.703 was found to be statistically highly significant at p<0.001 level whereas the calculated paired 't' test value of t = 3.247 was found to be statistically highly significant at p<0.01 level. There was significant that the topical insulin dressing is the more effective and improving the level of wound healing than normal saline dressing.
Effect of oral care on bacterial colonization and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
Authors: Parimala L  , Kavitha K  , Sangeetha R  , Mary Bhagyalatha R
Published: January 2021

Oral care is significant as it influences both health and clinical consequences of escalated care patients. Oropharyngeal intrusion by microorganisms is basic being developed of nosocomial pneumonia (ventilator-associated pneumonia/VAP) in intensive care units. The present study aims to assess the effectiveness of nesting on posture comfort among low birth weight babies. A quantitative quasi-experimental research design was conducted among 60ventilator supported patients in which 30 were allotted to experimental and 30 to control group. Observational sampling- checklist technique was used to select samples. A semi-structured interview was used to collect demographic data, and pneumonia checklist was assessed. Selected samples on 1st day of intubation in the experimental group and were provided oral care with 0.2% chlorhexidine every 6thhourly till 3rd day (72hours) and maintained pneumonia checklist respiratory rate, PaO2, BUN value, WBC count, platelet count and temperature. For the selected samples of the control group, oral care procedure was not applied. The study finding clearly infers that there was a significant difference in the Day 13 scores of pneumonia checklist variables except for temperature between the experimental and control group which proves the effectiveness of oral care on bacterial colonization and ventilator-associated pneumonia in the experimental group than the patients in the control group who had undergone normal hospital routine measures.
Improvement of Advanced Assisted gastro retentive floating tablet using TRZ and S
Authors: Venu Gopal Raju S  , Viswanathan S  , Nithya P
Published: January 2021

Definition advancement is a significant piece of medication plan and improvement. Bioavailability and bioequivalence are absolutely reliant on definition improvement. Presently a-days detailing advancement is finished by following Quality through Design. Floating drug conveyance frameworks are the gastro retentive structures that absolutely control the delivery pace of target medication to a particular site which encourage a tremendous effect on medical care. This can be accomplished by utilization of different polymeric substances. Trazodone-Hydrochloride (TRZ), is a notable substance aggravate that is utilized as an energizer that has a place with a particular serotonin repeated inhibitors (SARI). The delivery information was fitted to different numerical models, for example, higuchi, Korsmeyer-Peppas (KP), 1st request &0 request to assess the energy and system of the medication discharge. Arranged coasting tablets of TRZ may end up being a possible possibility for sheltered and successful controlled medication conveyance over an all-encompassing timeframe for gastro retentive medication conveyance framework. The oral assisted medication architecture conveyance has been confounded through confined habitation time gastric. Also, rapid gastro-intestinal transmission might predict overall discharge medication in zone of retention and diminish the handled portion adequacy, as many of medications have been invested on small digestive upper piece system. Also, it handles structure measurement at assimilation site & in this way updates bio-availability as stated in.
An analytical assessment on Mucoadhesive Buccal Drug Delivery System for improving patient convenience and compliance
Authors: Suresh Babu P  , Marina Amarendra  , Subha V J  , Senthamarai S
Published: January 2021

In recent years, the novel mucoadhesive buccal drug delivery system has been developed over the conventional and systemic dosage forms. To bypass drugs from the hepatic first-pass metabolism and it enhances the bioavailability of drug at the site of administration. Absorption of a drug through the buccal mucosa reduces the degradation. Some of the enzyme activity and pH variation in the gastrointestinal tract reduces the absorption and active drug loss. To overcome this problem, the buccal route is preferred. Polymers are used in this formulation to improve the drug release rate over an extended period, and also, the therapeutic plasma level of the drug can be rapidly achieved. Overall this narrative review explains mechanism and theories, method of preparation, factors affecting mucoadhesion, advantages and limitations, applications, components used in the formulation, characterization and evaluation methods. Since the cytoplasm and intercellular spaces are hydrophilic. Lipophilic drugs have a low solubility in this environment. However, the cell membrane is rather lipophilic; it tends to difficulty permeating the hydrophilic solute through the cell membrane because of a low partition coefficient. Therefore, the cytoplasm and intercellular spaces act as a major barrier to penetration of lipophilic compounds and the cell membrane poses as an extensive transport barrier for hydrophilic compounds. Since the oral epithelial is stratified, the permeation of solute may involve these combination routes so that the route is more predictable.
HEAVY METAL CONTAMINATION IN VEGETABLES AND ITS DETECTION: A REVIEW
Authors: Mohd Ruzaidy Nur Illia , Amid Azura
Published: January 2021

The quality of marketed vegetables cannot be guaranteed as many of them has been contaminated with heavy metals such as lead, cadmium and arsenic. These heavy metals can act as either growth supporter or threat depending on their types and amount absorbed by the plants. The consumption of an excessive amount of heavy metals in vegetable may cause several diseases such as renal dysfunction and bone depletion. There are few methods used to detect heavy metal contamination such as Atomic Absorption Analysis (AAS), Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA), X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (XRF) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometry (ICPMS). This paper discusses all these methods to compare their efficiency, advantages and disadvantages to select the best method for heavy metal detection in vegetables.
EFFICACY OF VARIOUS INSECTICIDES AGAINST MAJOR INSECT PESTS OF SUMMER SQUASH (Cucurbita pepo) IN DHADING DISTRICT, NEPAL
Authors: Parajuli Sapana , Shrestha Bhimsen , Dulal Puspa Raj , Sapkota Bina , Gautam Samikshya , Pandey Srijana
Published: January 2021

Red pumpkin beetle, fruit fly, flea beetle, whitefly, squash bug, melon aphid, etc. are the major insect pests of summer squash resulting in a huge loss in quality and quantity to farmers A field trial was conducted to find out the comparative efficacy of various insecticides against the major insect pests of summer squash from January to June 2020 in Dhading district, Nepal. The experiment was laid in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four different insecticides i.e. Imidachloropid 17.8 SL @1.5ml/l, Spinosad 45SC @1ml/L, Azadiractin (Nimbecidine) 500ppm @ 5 ml/L, Jholmol @ 1:5 concentrations, and normal water spray as control as five treatments. The treatments were replicated four times and ‘Anna 303’ variety of summer squash was used under study. The results revealed that, among all the insecticides evaluated at all the four sprays, Imidachloropid recorded the maximum reduction in the population of red pumpkin beetle (RPB) (about 90%), other insects (about 88%) and also showed minimum leaf infestation % (28.5%), and leaf damage % per plant (15.63%) and Spinosad being at par with Imidachloropid followed by Azadirachtin and Jholmol respectively. Imidachloropid and Spinosad also showed comparatively lower fruit infestation by fruit fly i.e. 18.5% and 20.5 % respectively than other insecticides. Both Imidachloropid and Spinosad treated plots were statistically (p<0.05) similar and significantly superior over other treatments for yield (52.11 and 50.31Mt ha-1 respectively), for fruit length (37.62 and 37.12cm respectively) and fruit diameter (26.78 and 26.51cm respectively). A negative and strong correlation was found between yield and mean population of RPB and other insects, leaf infestation % per plant, leaf damage % per plant, and fruit infestation % per plant whereas fruit length and diameter showed a positive correlation with yield. The benefit-cost ratio was highest for plot treated with Imidachloropid (4.21) followed by Spinosad, Azadiractin, Jholmol, and Control. Thus, Imidachloropid was the most effective and economic in controlling the major insect pests of summer squash.
高频彩色多普勒对乳腺髓样癌的误诊分析
Authors: 苏 丹萍
Published: January 2021

目的：分析高频彩色多普勒超声的乳腺髓样癌误诊结果。方法：将2010年11月至2020年10月期间于本院就诊的22例确诊为乳腺髓样癌患者择为研究对象。全部患者均统一接受高频彩色多普勒超声检查。观察全部患者的高频彩色多普勒超声诊断结果及误诊情况。结果：依据全部患者的高频彩色多普勒超声检查结果可得知，在22例受检患者中，经超声诊断并病理确诊为乳腺髓样癌的患者共有18例，所占比率为81.8%（18/22）；其余4例患者的病情误诊为良性肿瘤，所占比率为18.2%（4/22）。在22例患者中，病灶组织边界清晰患者占比为54.5%（12/22），未发现病灶包膜约占95.5%（21/22）；病灶形状呈圆形或椭圆形的患者占比为18.2%（4/22），不规则形状患者占比为81.8%（18/22）；所有病灶内部均呈不均匀低回声；病灶伴有囊性改变的患者占比为18.2%（4/22）；病灶存在钙化表现的患者占比为31.8%（7/22）；病灶伴有后方回声增强表现的患者占比为90.9%（20/22）；病灶伴有腋窝淋巴结转移表现的患者占比为36.3%（8/22）。彩色多普勒血流信号为Ⅲ级的患者占比为45.5%（10/22）；血流信号为Ⅱ级的患者占比为31.8%（7/22）；血流信号为0~Ⅰ级的患者占比为22.7%（5/22）。通过分析乳腺髓样癌患者的高频彩色多普勒超声声像图可得知，该病患者的声像图特征主要包括以下几点：①边界清晰；②病灶组织无包膜；③形态欠规则；④组织内部回声低，后方回声增强；⑤血供较为丰富。结论：高频彩色多普勒超声诊断乳腺髓样癌的准确率较高，通过依据乳腺髓样癌患者的超声声像图特征进行诊断分析，可有效降低误诊情况发生率，提升诊断准确性。
唯象中医精神病学及其医养康复研究刍议
Authors: 魏 龙江 , 杨 兴龙 , 杨 兴军 , 马 燕飞
Published: January 2021

唯象中医学是钱学森根据唯象理论关于直接从现象总结概括“知其然不知其所以然”的科学理论原理，提出中医现代化第一步新的思想方法论的战略构想理论框架。作者总结概括精神病“懒、乱、疑、呆”病态行为特点，围绕患者社会功能全面康复，改革精神病单纯生物医学模式到心理行为社会医学模式观念的转变，建立工疗站农场和企业庇护性劳动康复就业场所，坚持“医疗康复—工疗训练—劳动就业—回归社会”的医养方向。针对“中医为体，西药为用”药物治疗和心理行为矫正护理的病房管理及工疗训练康复就业的工作方法模式，从病因病理学说、症候分类、辩证诊断、疗法论治、心理行为护理、工疗康复的研究等方面，探索唯象中医精神病学临床及其医养康复体系。
SISTEM INFORMASI PENGADUAN COSTUMER PADA PT.ARADES PROPERTINDO DI TANGERANG SELATAN BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Wanto Pur , Setyaningsih Rani
Published: January 2021

Abstrak—PT.Arades propertindo memiliki hasil kinerja yang cukup baik dalam melayani costumer.Akan tetapi belum adanya sistem informasi pengaduan costumer berbasis web menyebabkan costumer yang akan mengadukan keluhanya harus mendatangi ke kantor PT.Arades propertindo.Perumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana membuat Sistem Informasi Pengaduan costumer berbasis web dengan menggunakan PHP dan MySQL sebagai database.Dengan adanya sistem informasi pengaduan costumer berbasis web ini diharapkan dapat mempermudah costumer dalam mengadukan keluhan mereka,serta mempermudah PT.Arades propertindo dalam mengontrol setiap pengaduan.  Abstract— PT.Arades Propertindo has a pretty good peromance in serving customers.tfe absence of a web based customer compaint information systen causes the costumer to complaint should come to the office of PT.Arades Propertindo.The formulation of the problem in this research is how to make an information system web based costumer complaints using PHP and MySQL as a database.With this Complaint Information System web based custumer complaint is expected to facilitate costumers in bringing their complaint,and make it easier for PT.Arades Propertindo in controlling every complaint.
Gestión del Conocimiento en la Educación
Authors: Sánchez Yira Muñoz , Alonso-Lavernia Maria , Castillo-Perez Iliana , Martinez-Lazcano Veronica
Published: January 2021

La gestión del conocimiento en la educación se ha convertido en un elemento esencial en las sociedades actuales, siendo considerada por algunos como una disciplina que permite mejorar los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje para adquisición de competencias en beneficio de la formación integral de los estudiantes y que les permita ser competentes e incidir de manera relevante, a través de la innovación, la investigación científica y la tecnología, en la competitividad del ámbito laboral.
Análisis tipos de aplicaciones para guarderías, identificando ventajas y desventajas de su uso
Authors: Romero Fuentes Anayeli , Rivera Landero Emilio
Published: January 2021

Actualmente la mayoría de las familias tienen la necesidad de salir a laborar para mantener una economía estable y aportar una mejor calidad de vida a sus hijos, esto indica que papá y mamá no tienen el tiempo necesario para el cuidado, la educación y desarrollo de los pequeños. Esto apoya a la demanda de servicios de guarderías particulares y gubernamentales en donde su función se basa en proporcionar atención y cuidado al niño(a) a través de actividades orientadas al cuidado y fortalecimiento de su salud, una sana alimentación y un programa educativo-formativo, acorde a su edad y nivel de desarrollo, para promover su desarrollo integral.

La tecnología ha sido de gran impacto en nuestras vidas solucionando, mejorando y optimizando los trabajos a realizar y las herramientas tecnológicas como por ejemplo las apps otorgan un valor agregado a los servicios brindados, mayor seguridad y una atención inmediata.
Aplicación del Algoritmo K means para la Tipificación de Trastornos Psicológicos mediante la escala DASS -21 en Alumnos, durante el aislamiento en tiempos de Covid19
Authors: Núñez Cárdenas Felipe de Jesús , Cruz Rosas Gustavo A. , Tolentino Bautista Heidi , Tomás Mariano Victor T. , Felipe Redondo Ana M.
Published: January 2021

El presente proyecto se centra en la descripción de problemas psicológicos causados por el aislamiento en sus hogares de los alumnos de la Escuela Superior Huejutla utilizando la herramienta Escala DASS-21, para ello se usan técnicas de minería de datos y el algoritmo K-means para la agrupación y tipificación de los niveles de depresión, ansiedad y estrés provocados por el aislamiento y confinamiento en los hogares de los alumnos, derivados de la pandemia de COVID 19
Etapas del método estadístico
Authors: Argüelles Pascual Virginia , Burgos-Martínez Rosa , H. Palacios Raúl
Published: January 2021

Con el fin de realizar una investigación basada en información cuantitativa y de esta manera obtener resultados fiables a la realidad de estudio. En este trabajo se presenta un esquema gráfico de las etapas o fases que se realizan en el método estadístico. Las etapas comprende las siguientes: recolección, recuento, presentación, síntesis y finalmente la etapa de análisis.
Nuevas sonoridades en la educación musical: Voces universitarias ante la pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Carbajal Vaca Irma Susana
Published: January 2021

Este trabajo presenta una aproximación a las percepciones de estudiantes y maestros de una comunidad de educación musical de pregrado en el contexto de la pandemia COVID-19. Este estudio exploratorio pone sobre la mesa de diálogo la comprensión del fenómeno desde la propia voz de sus actores, para analizar las posibilidades de transformación de un modelo educativo basado en la cercanía y el contacto personal que parecía sobreentendido. Los resultados esbozan una primera imagen en tiempo real de la recepción del Programa Emergente de Educación a Distancia (PEED), que se implementó en una universidad mexicana, la cual quedará disponible para estudios posteriores que podrán ser leídos desde la historia del tiempo presente.
Obtaining the Municipal GDP in Hidalgo. Regional polarization and economic imbalances.
Authors: Gracia Hernández Maximiliano
Published: January 2021

Using economic indicators at municipal level is a nearly impossible task. National Institute of Statistics and Geography, Mexico, does not offer statistics on municipal GDP. For this reason, the aim of this work was to obtain data disaggregated at the local level. The main contribution of the research was to calculate the GDP in the 84 municipalities of the state of Hidalgo.  The methodology proposed by Luis Unikel was used to achieve this. This methodology argues that it is feasible, to obtain an index of personnel occupied by municipality and, with it, to obtain a consistent series of panel data by municipalities. The Research prove with calculated estimates and data for all municipalities
Los caminos de la negociación: personas, estrategias y técnicas
Authors: Hernández Huesca Hayde
Published: January 2021

La presente reseña analiza el libro “Los caminos de la negociación: personas, estrategias y técnicas” en el que se destacan las pautas para tener una negociación exitosa. Dividido en cuatro capítulos que exponen las diversas características que ayudan a las personas a tener una buena negociación, las estrategias que se deben preparar antes para aplicarlas en el mejor momento y las técnicas especiales que se pueden usar para obtener acuerdos favorables hacia ambas partes de la negociación.
Contribución al conocimiento de la fauna de áfidos (Hemiptera, Aphididae) de la región de Aysén del General Carlos Ibáñez del Campo, Chile
Authors: Nieto Nafría Juan M. , Ortego Jaime , Mier Durante M. Pilar
Published: January 2021

Resumen
Se presenta la lista de las especies de pulgones o áfidos (Hemiptera, Aphididae) que se conocen en la región de Aysén del General Carlos Ibáñez del Campo (Chile), formada por 61 especies. De ellas, 49 se conocían en la región a finales de 2019, y 12 se citan ahora por primera vez como consecuencia del estudio de ejemplares colectados durante enero de 2019. Uroleucon patagonicum se cita por primera vez en Chile. Se precisan las provincias (Aysén, Capitán Prat, Coyhaique y General Carrera) en las que cada una de las especies ha sido citada previamente o se cita por vez primera.
Abstra ct
The list of aphid species (Hemiptera, Aphididae) that are known in the Aysén region of General Carlos Ibáñez del Campo (Chile) is presented, it consists of 61 species. Of them, 49 were known in the region at the end of 2019, and 12 more are cited for the first time, as a result of the study of specimens collected during January 2019. Uroleucon patagonicum is recorded for the first time in Chile. The provinces (Aysén, Capitán Prat, Coyhaique and General Carrera) in which each of the species has been previously cited or cited for the first time are specified.
Conservación ambiental versus toponimia en un humedal salino del valle del Ebro
Authors: Herrero-Isern Juan , Castañeda del Álamo Carmen
Published: January 2021

Resumen
Este artículo expone algunas vicisitudes de los nombres recibidos por un rasgo geográfico de interés medioambiental, subrayando cómo el nombre ha limitado la valoración de su carácter y significación, y por ende su protección legal. El elemento geográfico en cuestión es un humedal natural hipersalino, o salada, de algo más de tres hectáreas y situado en tierras yesosas deTamarite de Litera (Aragón, España). Se rememora el topónimo (femenino) Farrachuela aplicado a esta salada y tras examinar el nombre de un cerro cercano llamado Farrachuelo (masculino), se resalta la paronimia entre el cerro y el humedal, proponiendo un origen común para ambos topónimos. Se indica cómo el nombre usado para esa salada en algunos documentos de propaganda favorece su desconocimiento, no sólo por el público sino también por las Administraciones con competencias sobre el territorio y la conservación de la naturaleza. Finalmente, se postula un topónimo formado por un término genérico transparente, Salada, y el término específico tradicional, Farrachuela, alusivo a antiguos hallazgos de restos arqueológicos. Tal topónimo contribuirá a promover el conocimiento, aprecio y protección de este enclave continental hipersalino.
Abstra ct
This article reviews some vicissitudes which have undergone the names received by a land feature of environmental interest highlighting how the name affects its character and interest assessment, and consequently, its legal protection. The relevant geographical element is a natural hypersaline wetland, or salada, just above three hectares located on gypseous lands in Tamarite de Litera (Aragon, Spain). It recalls the (feminine) Farrachuela toponym applied to this salada, and after examining the name (masculine) Farrachuelo for a nearby hill, the paronymy between the hill and the wetland is highlighted, so proposing a common origin for both toponyms. It is shown how the name used for that salada in some advertising brochures has favored the lack of knowledge about this, not only by the people but also by the Administration with competence on landscape management and Nature conservation. Finally, a geographycally well-known term is postulated, Salada, and a traditional specific term, Farrachuela, relating to the archeological findings. Such a toponym will promote the knowledge, regard, and protection of this athalassohaline spot.
Extractive Text Summarization of Student Essay Assignment Using Sentence Weight Features and Fuzzy C-Means
Authors: Suwija Putra I Made , Adiwinata Yonatan , Singgih Putri Desy Purnami , Sutramiani Ni Putu
Published: January 2021

One of the main tasks of a lecturer is to give students an academic assessment in the learning process. The assessment process begins with reading or checking the answers of student assignments that contain a combination of very long sentences such as essay or report assignments. This certainly takes a lot of time to get the primary information contained therein. It is necessary to summarize the answers so that the lecturer does not need to read the whole document but is still able to take the essence of the response to the task. This study proposes the application of summarizing text documents of student essay assignments automatically using the Fuzzy C-Means method with the sentence weighting feature. The sentence weighting feature is used by selecting the sentence with the highest weight in one cluster, helping the system to get the primary information from a document quickly. The results of this study indicate that the system succeeds in summarizing text with an average evaluation of the values of precision, recall, accuracy, and F-measure of 0.52, 0.54, 0.70, and 0.52, respectively.One of the main tasks of a lecturer is to give students an academic assessment in the learning process. The assessment process begins with reading or checking the answers of student assignments that contain a combination of very long sentences such as essay or report assignments. This certainly takes a lot of time to get the primary information contained therein. It is necessary to summarize the answers so that the lecturer does not need to read the whole document but is still able to take the essence of the response to the task. This study proposes the application of summarizing text documents of student essay assignments automatically using the Fuzzy C-Means method with the sentence weighting feature. The sentence weighting feature is used by selecting the sentence with the highest weight in one cluster, helping the system to get the primary information from a document quickly. The results of this study indicate that the system succeeds in summarizing text with an average evaluation of the values of precision, recall, accuracy, and F-measure of 0.52, 0.54, 0.70, and 0.52, respectively.
CHALLENGES OF INTEGRATING RESPONSIBLE MANAGEMENT EDUCATION IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS OF UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA
Authors: Prakash Ajai , Yadav Archana
Published: January 2021

India is facing a big debate on various social, economic and political issues which remained around corruption and poverty; how they can be eradicated from our society. Uttar Pradesh (U.P.) is the most populous state of our country with over 16.4 % of countries total population. Moreover with 9% of the country’s total geographical area, U.P. is the 4th largest state of our country. The median age of U.P. is 20 whereas that of India is young 24 years as in 2011. Though U.P. is the youngest state in India and has a rich cultural heritage but when it comes to literacy and gross enrolment in higher education, it is far behind other states. In order to create a responsible environment, management education can work as a very effective tool. In order to tackle the challenges faced globally such as corruption, poverty and workforce diversity, the United Nations has developed Responsible management initiative. The objective of this paper is to present the structure and different channels of management education in India with special reference to U.P. state. The focus is on identifying critical factors in integrating responsible management education in Higher Educational institutions with reference to sustainable development.
THE IMPACT OF THE PANDEMIC COVID-19 ON THE STATE OF INTERNATIONAL POLITICS AND SECURITY
Authors: Thuy Loc Thi
Published: January 2021

From the beginning of the year 2020 until now, the Covid-19 pandemic has heavily, deeply and comprehensively impacted the state of international politics and security in both positive and negative directions. On one hand, the pandemic has encouraged nations to strengthen cooperation in order to effectively deal with the risks that it brought; on the other hand, it has contributed to a rise in competition as well as opposition between countries and global powers alike, especially between the U.S. and China, in multiple politics and security-related issues. In the coming times, the state of international politics and security is predicted to witness many changes, especially in the context where the U.S. is highly expected to adjust its policies. For this text, the writer will place an emphasis on providing in-depth analysis on the negative impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic on the state of international politics and security, and therefore provide commentary on the trends of the state of international politics and security in the coming times.
PENGUKURAN DEBIT ALIRAN SUNGAI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN LAJU TERUKUR DAN GEOMETRI ALIRAN
Authors: Parlina Iin
Published: January 2021

Pengukuran debit laju aliran sungai memiliki peran yang penting misalnya sebagai data ketersediaan pasokan air untuk minum dan irigasi, perhitungan total beban harian maksimum untuk pembuangan bahan kimia, dan energi yang tersedia untuk pembangkit listrik tenaga air. Salah satu metode untuk mengukur deras aliran sungai adalah dengan menggunakan profil kedalaman dan kecepatan deras aliran untuk menghitung aliran rata-rata melalui beberapa bagian dan kemudian menjumlahkannya di bagian-bagian tersebut. Untuk menguji pendekatan ini, pengukuran dilakukan di Sungai South Fork Palouse di Pullman, WA, Amerika Serikat di dua lokasi pengukuran dan pada dua hari yang berbeda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata laju aliran yang diukur pada dua lokasi  pada hari pertama adalah 3,2 dan 3,0 ft kubik per detik (cfs) dan pada hari kedua adalah 2,8 dan 2,88 cfs. Laju aliran ini sedikit lebih rendah dari laju aliran resmi yang diukur oleh USGS (kesalahan antara 7% hingga 11%). Namun perbedaan ini dapat dijelaskan dengan adanya faktor kontribusi anak sungai . Secara statistik, tidak ada perbedaan antara pasangan lokasi  dan hari yang signifikan secara statistik pada α = 0,05, namun, tampaknya aliran lebih mirip antara dua lokasi  pada hari yang sama dibandingkan antara dua hari di lokasi  yang sama. Tingkat kesalahan dan variabilitas cukup rendah sehingga metode penghitungan aliran sungai ini kemungkinan besar akan cukup akurat untuk sebagian besar aplikasi dan paling dapat diterapkan di tempat-tempat di mana pengambilan data aliran sungai jarang dilakukan. Kata Kunci: debit aliran sungai, Pullman, kecepatan terukur, geometri aliran
ORGANIZATIONS AS POLICY
Authors: DOĞAN SİBEL
Published: January 2021

Geçmişten günümüze dünyada her alanda sürekli bir değişim ve gelişim yaşanmakta ve bunun yansımalarından biri olarak olaylara, durumlara tek bir yönden ziyade, farklı bakış açılarıyla bakılmakta, bu durum örgütler için de geçerli olup
metafor kavramını ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Zira örgütlere metaforlar vasıtasıyla bakmak, örgütleri ve örgütlerde yaşananları anlamayı kolaylaştırmaktadır. Örgütlerde kullanılan metaforlar farklı bakış açıları sunmakta ve örgütlerin
daha iyi anlaşılmasını sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada bu metaforlardan biri olan politika metaforunun anlatılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla öncelikle politika metaforu tanımlanmış, politika metaforuyla ilişkili olan çıkar, çatışma
ve iktidar kavramları incelenmiş, politika metaforunun güçlü ve zayıf yönleri ile politika metaforunun eğitim sistemine yansıması incelenmiştir.
MATHEMATICS IN PRESCHOOL PERIOD
Authors: KUMAŞ Özlem ALTINDAĞ
Published: January 2021

Erken çocukluk dönemi olarak adlandırılan 0 – 8 yaş dönemi gelişimin en hızlı olduğu ve çevrenin etkisine en açık olunan dönemdir. Bu dönemde, çocukların beyinlerinin gelişiminin hızlı olduğu ve erken dönemdeki deneyimlerin onların
beynin yapısını ve bilgi düzenleme yeteneğini etkilediği belirtilmektedir. Bu dönemde çocukların birçok kavram ve becerili ile birlikte matematikle ilgili sayısız kavramı öğrenerek kullanmaya başladıklarında görülür. Erken dönemde
kazanılan matematik becerisi, çocukların bilimsel düşünme becerisinin temelini oluşturan problem çözme, analiz etme, hipotez oluşturma gibi becerilerini destekleyerek okul yıllarında kazanılacak daha karmaşık matematiksel bilgilerin
temelini oluşturmaktadır. Ayrıca, çocukların erken dönemdeki matematik becerileri ilerideki akademik başarı, daha yüksek notlarla liseyi bitirme, daha yüksek iş bulma oranı ve mesleki başarı ile doğrudan ilişkilidir. Dolayısıyla,
erken matematik becerilerin desteklenmesinde anne babalara ve eğitimcilere büyük görevler düşmektedir. Bu noktadan hareketle çalışmada, okul öncesi dönemde erken matematik becerilerinin özellikleri ve bu becerileri etkileyen temel
beceriler tartışılarak anne babalara ve alanda çalışan eğitimcilere öneriler sunulmuştur
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TEACHERS’ PROFESSIONAL COMMITMENT AND JOB SATISFACTION, LIFE SATISFACTION AND PURPOSE IN LIFE LEVELS
Authors: ÜNAL Avni , GÜL İbrahim
Published: January 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı, öğretmenlerin mesleki bağlılıkları ile iş doyumu, yaşam doyumu ve yaşam anlamı düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi tespit etmektir. İlişkisel tarama modelindeki araştırmanın evrenini Samsun ili Atakum, Canik, İlkadım
ve Tekkeköy ilçelerinde bulunan 191 ilkokul ve ortaokulda görev yapan 4154 öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma evreninden tabakalı örnekleme tekniği ile örnekleme yapılmış ve 587 öğretmen araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir. Araştırmada
verileri toplamak için Mesleki Bağlılık Ölçeği, İş Doyumu Ölçeği, Yaşam Doyumu Ölçeği ve Hayatın Amacı Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, öğretmenlerin mesleki bağlılık düzeylerinin kısmen katılıyorum düzeyinde,
iş doyumlarının beni orta düzeyde tatmin eder düzeyinde, yaşam doyumlarının kısmen katılıyorum düzeyinde ve sahip oldukları yaşam anlamının ise belirli bir anlamın varlığı düzeyinde olduğu bulunmuştur. Araştırmada incelenen tüm
değişkenler arasında pozitif yönlü orta düzeyde anlamlı ilişkiler bulunmuştur. Ayrıca yaşam doyumu, iş doyumu ve yaşam anlamının birlikte mesleki bağlılığı anlamlı bir biçimde yordadığı tespit edilmiştir.
A CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS OF THE TEXTBOOKS PREPARED IN LINE WITH THE SOCIAL SCIENCES CURRICULA OF 1968, 2005 AND 2018
Authors: TAY Bayram , DANABAŞ Fakı
Published: January 2021

Türkiye’de 50 yıllık süreçte ortaya çıkan sosyal bilgiler ders kitaplarındaki değişimi ve varsa gelişimi, karşılaştırmalı olarak betimleme amacıyla planlanan bu çalışmada, 1968, 2005 ve 2018 Sosyal Bilgiler Dersi Öğretim Programlarına
göre hazırlanan 4. sınıf sosyal bilgiler ders kitapları kavramları içerme durumları açısından karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Nitel araştırma modelinin benimsendiği bu çalışmada veriler doküman analizi yoluyla elde edilmiş
ve MAXQDA 12 programı kullanılmıştır. 1968, 2005 ve 2018 Sosyal Bilgiler Dersi Öğretim Programlarına göre hazırlanan 4. sınıf sosyal bilgiler ders kitaplarında yer alması gereken 91 kavramdan 86 tanesi ders kitaplarının üçünde
de yer almaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra “İklim” ve “İsraf” kavramlarının 1968 ve 2018’e göre hazırlanan 4. sınıf sosyal bilgiler ders kitaplarında yer aldığı ancak 2005’e göre hazırlanan 4. sınıf sosyal bilgiler ders kitabında yer almadığı,
“Yargı”, “Anayasa” ve “Din” kavramlarının ise sadece 1968’e göre hazırlanan 4. sınıf sosyal bilgiler ders kitabında yer aldığı görülmüştür.
A MODEL ABOUT 4TH GRADERS’ OBTAINING HELPFULNESS VALUE IN PRIMARY SCHOOL “CUSTOMS AND TRADITION BOX
Authors: Faruk SÖNMEZ Ömer , YURDAKUL Ali
Published: January 2021

Bu araştırmada, ilkokul öğrencilerine yardımseverlik değerinin kazandırılmasında gelenek görenek kutusu etkinliğinin etkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada yarı deneysel desenlerden olan eşleştirilmiş desen kullanılmıştır.
Araştırma çalışma grubu üzerinden yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2018-2019 eğitim-öğretim yılında Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı’na bağlı bir okulun 4-A ve 4-B sınıfında öğrenim gören öğrenciler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada
veri toplamak için öntest ve sontestten oluşan başarı ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda ulaşılan veriler SPSS for Windows 22.0 programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın amacı doğrultusunda, geliştirilen yardımseverlik
başarı ölçeği öntest ve sontest puanları deney ve kontrol grupları parametrik testlerden olan t testiyle analiz edilerek grupların ve testlerin karşılaştırılmaları yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda, deneysel işlemden önce kontrol
ve deney gruplarına uygulanan başarı öntest puan ortalamalarına göre gruplar arasında anlamlı farklılık tespit edilemezken deneysel işlem sonunda kontrol grubu ile deney grubuna uygulanan başarı sontest puan ortalamalarına göre
gruplar arasında anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmiştir. Uygulanan gelenek kutusu etkinliğinin yardımseverlik değerinin kazandırılmasında öğretim programında önerilen öğretim yöntemlerinden daha etkili olduğunu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Characterization of Salmonella spp. isolated from small turtles and human in Republic of Korea
Authors: Su-Jin Chae , Jin-Suk Lim , Deog-Yong Lee
Published: January 2021

In 2013, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported that small, pet turtles had caused multistate Salmonella outbreaks in the United States, from where small turtles were subsequently exported into the Republic of Korea. We investigated cases of salmonellosis in South Korea associated with domestic small turtles and analysed genetic characteristics of Salmonella isolates in commercially-available small turtles. We traced six Salmonella serovars, known to have caused human infection in the United States (S. Sandiego, S. Pomona, S. Poona, S. Newport, I 4,(5),12:i:-, and S. Typhimurium), in isolates from suspected Salmonella infection cases in Korea from 2006 to 2015. Additionally, we conducted a pilot study of isolates from small turtles being sold in Korean markets, and performed molecular genetic analysis on the identified strains. S. Pomona was identified in one Salmonella infection case, while all strains isolated from small turtles belonged to either subspecies I (enterica, n = 10, 71.4%) or subspecies IIIb (diarizonae, n = 4, 28.6%). Two serovars (S. Pomona and S. Sandiego) that were highly associated with turtle-to-human transmission were identified with 100% homology to human isolates. Previous to this study, turtle-associated human S. Pomona infections were not well reported in Korea. We report Salmonella infection in small turtles in Korea, and confirm that small turtles should be considered the first infectious agent in S. Pomona infection. We therefore suggest quarantine measures for importing small turtles be enhanced in Korea.