bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of AI in Improving Writing Skills of Students in IELTS Preparatory Classes
Authors: Dr. Saira  , Shahnaz Jumani  , Dr. Saira Maqbool
Published: January 2025

With the introduction of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in education, traditional teaching techniques have received new ideas to improve learning. This research discusses how AI can be applied to enhance the IELTS writing performance of students in preparatory classes. Using artificial intelligence feedback tools, grammar checking tools, and learning tools for the learners, the study found out how the challenges of coherence, grammar, lexical resource, and task achievement in the IELTS test can be addressed or solved. The research is quantitative with writing assessments as instruments and qualitative data from interviews with students and teachers. Studies conclude that utilization of AI tools improves student performance through; real-time feedback, individual follow up, increasing student’s responsibilities and decreasing their reliance on tutors. However, the study also reveals limitation which may include; AI writing systems are unable to capture certain elements such as creativity and cultural background of any writing. This is equally so because the research identifies how AI can be an effective supplementary technique in the coverage of IELTS in a way that should not replace conventional techniques of teaching. This work adds to existing knowledge in the domain of AI use in learning, providing meaningful recommendations for educators and policymakers who strive to enhance English learning outcomes on high-stakes assessments.
Concept of Vaccination and Immunization in Islam and Contemporary Law
Authors: Aakash Pathan  , Rehana Anjum  , Arun Barkat
Published: January 2025

Vaccine hesitancy is growing day by day in countries like Pakistan, as a result, it has led to unnecessary suffering and loss of human life. Vaccination is a medical process where a vaccine is administrated to activate the immune system offering protection against specific diseases, while immunization refers to the process through which an individual develops immunity to a particular disease after receiving the vaccine, to minimize the chances of contracting an infection and its associated complications. Islamic jurisprudence emphasizes the principles of preserving human life and promoting public health. Vaccination falls under the Islamic concept of “public interest” (Maslaha) and the duty to safeguard the broader community by preventing the spread of contagious diseases. Vaccination contributes to the welfare of society, aligning with the core values of compassion and social responsibility. The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) stressed the importance of seeking medical treatment when ill, reinforcing the value of healthcare in Islam. Whereas, contemporary laws, including international agreements like the International Covenant Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), require states to support vaccination and uphold the entitlement to the highest achievable level of health and the benefits of scientific progress. This paper explored the legality of vaccination and immunization and precautionary medical measures in Islamic law and Contemporary law. It highlighted the need for respectful dialogues and policy measures that respect both personal autonomy and the broader public health imperative. For the study, the doctrinal research methodology has been adopted. The researcher has embraced both primary, and secondary sources, scholarly articles, and Journals of Islamic and contemporary law to gather the relevant data.
Kontribusi Penyuluh Agama Buddha dalam Meningkatkan Sikap Moderasi Beragama terhadap Generasi Muda di Desa Tegal Maja Kecamatan Tanjung Kabupaten Lombok Utara
Authors: Wati Natia , Sentot  , Firnadi Aryanto
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this research is to understand and describe the religious moderation attitudes of the younger generation and the contribution of Buddhist religious instructors in enhancing these attitudes among the youth. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical approach. Data collection techniques include interviews, observations, and documentation. Data analysis involves three stages: data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion drawing and verification. The data sources for this research are primary data, obtained from interviews with informants such as Buddhist religious instructors and youth in Tegal Maja Village, and secondary data from journals, village documents, popular books, and social media related to the issue being studied. The results of this research indicate that the religious moderation attitude among the younger generation has been well-implemented. This is due to the significant contribution of Buddhist religious instructors, who have played a major role in enhancing religious moderation attitudes among the youth in Tegal Maja Village. This is evident in the improved attitudes of the younger generation, characterized by tolerance, mutual respect, and their non-involvement in acts of violence, radicalism, and intolerance.
Evaluasi Pelaksanaan Program Praktik Pengalaman Lapangan (PPL) Terhadap Hasil Penilaian Program Praktik Pengalaman Lapangan (PPL)
Authors: Farwati Sella , Dhamayanti Wina , Sastrosupadi Adji
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon mahasiswa STAB Kertarajasa terhadap hasil Program Praktik Pengalaman Lapangan (PPL) mahasiswa Sekolah Tinggi Agama Buddha (STAB) Kertarajasa tahun 2023/2024 semester VII. Penelitian ini digunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi yang ada di semester VII tahun akademik 2023/2024 dengan jumlah 26 dan ukuran sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 26 mahasiswa. Mahasiswa yang dijadikan sebagai responden ini sudah melaksanakan PPL. Hasil percobaan menunjukan keragaan (performance) hasil Program Praktik Pengalaman Lapangan (PPL) terhadap lima indikator, yaitu NPM berada pada kategori sangat baik dengan persen capaian 82% dari yang diharapkan (100%), NLBS berada pada kategori baik dengan persen capaian 77,4% dari yang diharapkan (100%), NPS berada pada kategori baik dengan persen capaian 81% dari yang diharapkan (100%), NSP berada pada kategori sangat baik dengan persen capaian 83,3% dari yang diharapkan (100%), dan NSS berada pada kategori sangat baik dengan persen capaian 89,10% dari yang diharapkan (100%). Berdasarkan Uji Korelasi, maka terdapat hasil yang menunjukan hubungan positif korelasi antara hubungan nilai akhir PPL dengan lima indikator, dimana kelima indikator ini menujukan hubungan positif. Dengan demikian pelaksanaan penelitian ini dianggap berada pada titik yang efektif untuk digunakan dan dilanjutkan sebagai evaluasi program lanjutan untuk menilai sejauh mana kefektifan dari pelaksanaan PPL bagi mahasiswa.
Screencasts for life science informatics
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

Deepak blogged about screencasting for bio topics, concentrated at bioscreencast.com

of which he is co-owner. I guess it is like a YouTube for bioinformatics thingies. Jean-Claude picked this up very quickly (seen on Cb? At least I did.), and already uploaded a screencast, demoing JSpecView

written by Robert. I wonder if he will upload the screencasts he made for Bioclipse too?
Chicago (Bulls), here I come!
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

I had some fun today with making prints of reservations etcetera for my trip to the ACS conference in Chicago. Went over to the website to make a print of the location of the hotel I am in. (Intercontinental Chicago: in case you want to leave me a message to meet up over breakfast or so.) Anyway, so at the ACS website I found a notice that the ACS Housing people closed down and that I should contact the hotel directly. Fine, no problem.
Is your research cited by a Nobel prize winner?
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

Forget the journal impact factor and the H-index. You want your research being used. A first approximation of that is getting cited, sure. So, with the Nobel Prize week over (congrats to all winners! the Neanderthaler prize actually helped my work in Maastricht this week), let’s figure out of you are cited by a Nobel Prize winner.
Chemistry Central and the ORCID identifier
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

If you are a scientist you have heard about the ORCID identifier by now. If not, you have been focusing on groundbreaking research and isolated yourself from the rest of the world, just to make it perfect and get that Nobel prize next year.
Quality of Chemical Database
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

Lately, Chemical blogspace has seen an interesting discussion on the quality of opendata and free chemical database (over 32 free resources now

), such as the NMRShiftDB.org. For example, see Antony’s view on the NMRShiftDB and Robien’s analysis. Opendata makes such quality assurance possible, and I am happy that the NMRShiftDB was explored like this; the found problems can be reported and corrected.
The CDK data model #1
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

The Chemistry Development Kit has a rich set of data classes, each of which is defined by an interface. While the classes for atoms, bonds and a connectivity table are fairly straightforward, but beyond that it is sometimes not entirely clear. I will now discuss all interfaces in a series of blog items. I’ll start with the IChemFile. Christoph, please correct me if I move to far away from our Notre Dame board sketch.
ChemRank: ranking scientific literature
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

Mitch just launched ChemRank, a website where we can comment on and vote thumbs up or down for scientific articles. Good initiative I think.
Nature Network v2: cannot create a new group
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

Nascent reported that Nature Network v2 has gone life. Never too anxious to try something new, I created an account and signed in. I even joined two groups:

Bioinformatics

and

Semantic Web for the Life Sciences

. But, when I tried to create a new group, the system fails. I promised me to send me email for confirmation. Tried it twice via my Sourceforge email account. No email.
Programming in the Life Sciences #9: APIs and Web Services
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

Continuing on the theory covered in this course, this part will talk about application programming interfaces (APIs) and web services. Application Programming Interfaces APIs define how programs can be used by other programs. An API defines how methods are called and what feedback you can expect. It basically is the combination of documentation and the program itself.
Bioclipse git experiences #1: Strip away unwanted plugins
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

This is a series of two posts repeating some content I wrote up back in the Bioclipse days (see also this Scholia page). They both deal with something we were facing: restructuring of version control repositories, while actually keeping the history. For example, you may want to copy or move code from one repository to another.
Using Wikipedia to recognize Molecules in Blogspace
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

Only few people are using InChI’s to indicate the molecules the blog about (prominent exceptions are Useful Chemistry and Molecule of the Day). Consequently, the number of detected molecules (without using OSCAR3) in Chemical blogspace has been low. Fortunately, many more people use links to Wikipedia to identify the molecules that talk about.
German Conference on Chemoinformatics 2006: Day 3
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

Just some short quites note about the third day (see day 1 and 2

). Today’s program of the German Conference on Chemoinformatics started with a presentation by Rzepa about his work on a semantic wiki (DOI:10.1021/ci060139e), which might be online here. (He recorded a podcast, but I have not seen it online yet.) I wish I could see the sources of those wiki pages, to see how that system integrates RDF, but at least Jmol is running fine.
Veranstaltungshinweise Januar 2025
Authors: Fischer Georg
Published: January 2025

+++Diamond Thinking +++ Bildrechte +++ Public Sector Open Source +++ Ausgewählte Veranstaltungen im Berliner Raum und online zu Open Research in Wissenschaft und Kulturerbe-Einrichtungen
Invisible InChI's
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

Some InChI’s are short, such as that for methane: InChI=1/CH4/h1H4. Others are long (think crambin), and you don’t want to show them inline. Or you just want to show them anyway, but still want the chemistry to be understood. Here come the invisible InChI’s. Alt text for images One solution is to put the InChI as content of the @alt attribute of the HTML  element. This has the downside that it has no explicit semantic meaning.
Molecular Chemometrics
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

I just found out that a review article that I wrote earlier this year got printed:

Molecular Chemometrics

(DOI:10.1080/10408340600969601), with my personal view on the interplay between chemoinformatics and chemometrics.
Arrived in Chicago...
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

I arrived in Chicago yesterday afternoon. Much warmed than the cold Chicago the ACS promised me, so my winter coat was really not necessary. Is this global warming? Or was the ACS simply wrong? Anyway, very foggy indeed, just like the Chemistry World blog wrote: There were several other Dutch chemists on the plane, among which a few formed postdocs from Nijmegen, who I knew from the time I was still a M.Sc. student in organic chemistry.
Chemo::Blogs #2
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

Because no one picked up my Chemo::Blogs

suggestion, I will now officially claim the blog series title. However, unlike the original Bio::Blogs series, I will not summarize interesting blogs, but just spam you with websites I recently marked as toblog on del.icio.us. Semantics and Text Mining Evan Prodromou wrote about RDFa vs microformats.
Independent researchers: traces in bibliographic data
Authors: Lindelöw Camilla , Vandewalle Eline
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Independent 10 researchers are a diverse category of researchers, from those who want to pursue their own path to the ones who are struggling to stay within the competitive world of academia. We define independent researchers broadly as people who conduct research without an institutional affiliation.
Bioclipse now allows QSAR descriptor selection
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

In preparation for the Embrace Workshop for Bioclipse in May, I am working on the QSAR functionality of Bioclipse. A nice extension point got set up some time ago, called DescriptorProvider, and implemented by plugins to allow calculation of one or more descriptors for the selected molecules. Now, the functionality for the resulting matrix has been around for some time too.
Numbers are copyrighted?
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

I just read on Planet Blue Obelisk Peter’s disturbing news (via Suber) that Wiley thinks it can copyright a set of numbers (also known as data). That is a sad milestone in scientific publishing. It reminds me of the recent internet hype about a long number recently flooding the internet (and notably del.icio.us) related to watching DVDs you legally bought.
That big pile of paper...
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

Everyone of use knows that big pile of paper on your desk that contains the things we want to read, scan or just browse. I even have an electronic equivalent. Another pile contains leaflets and glossy folders from conferences, like the ACS meeting in Chicago. OK, going to get rid of those last ones, and will shortly put the links here. The first leaflet is from Chemistry Central, one of the open access publishers.
Adding disclosures to Wikidata with Bioclipse
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

Last week the huge, bi-annual ACS meeting took place (#ACSSanDiego), during which commonly new drug (leads) are disclosed.
Writing up my PhD introduction chapter...
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

The last twelve months or so, I have been doing two jobs (excluding hobbies of mine, such as Chemical blogspace): my postdoc in the group of Christoph Steinbeck on computer aided structure elucidation, and finishing my PhD.
The Open Science Notebook 10 years ago
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

So, with all these people blogging

about the Open Science Notebook (yes, each word is one distinct blog) it is worth looking back in time. To make clear what I put under the OSN: a notebook in which experimental details and outcome are written down. So, what did the OSN look like almost ten years ago?
Scholarly journals should use "Archived on" instead of "Accessed on"
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

Publishing habits changes very slowly, too slowly. The whole industry is incredibly inert, which can lead to severe frustration as it did for me. But sometimes small changes can do so much.
JChemPaint too: PNG embedded connectivity tables
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

Rich blogged about Firefly embedding MDL molfiles in PNG images

, which I found really

cool. Rich and Noel later showed how that metadata can be retrieved again

, possibly with Python. But I did not like that Firefly could do this, and JChemPaint not. So, I started hacking. First I discovered I had to get rid of the use of JAI; then I had to adapt the JChemPaintPanel takeSnaphot() API to return a RendererImage;
Janocchio: Jmol and CDK based 1H coupling constant prediction
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

While looking up a reference for FirstGlance in Jmol, I found Janocchio, a CDK and Jmol based tool for prediction of coupling constants, recently published in Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry. It’s written by Evans, Bodkin, Baker and Sharman (from Eli Lilly) and licensed LGPL. It is one of those rare contributions of pharmaceutical industry, and I can only deeply appreciate this contribution.
Programming in the Life Sciences #1: a six day course
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

Our department will soon start the course Programming in the Life Sciences for a group of some 10 students from the Maastricht Science Programme. This is the first time we give this course, and over the next weeks I will be blogging about this course. First, some information.
Finding email with Strigi in .tar backups
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

Now that my CUBIC desktop machine is shutting down, I made the necessary backups, among a mail.tar for my mail correspondence of about a year. About 500MB in size for almost 8700 files. Strigi is a perfect tool to help me find messages in this archive, as it will recurse into the .tar archive, and even into email attachements.
Chemical blogspace is getting more chemical
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

The best remedy for being depressed is the rush after hacking some nice new feature (unfortunately, it is addictive). After hacking InChI support into Chemical blogspace a couple of days back, adding some more visual feedback on those molecules

is not that hard, with PubChem around that is: Beware!
German Conference on Chemoinformatics 2006: Day 1 and 2
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

The 2nd German Conference on Chemoinformatics started yesterday, with two chemoinformatics tutorials: one on industrial chemoinformatics (I saw this presentation before… not sure when), with a good overview on integrating different information sources;
Dapagliflozin: the molecular structure
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

An anonymous reader reported that the American Medical Association published the structure of dapagliflozin. Here are the details.
Programming in the Life Sciences #17: The Open PHACTS scientific questions
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

I think the authors of the Open PHACTS proposal made a right choice in defining a small set of questions that the solution to be developed could be tested against. The questions being specific, it is much easier to understand the needs. In fact, I suspect it may even be a very useful form of requirement analysis, and makes it hard to keep using vague terms. Open PHACTS has come up with 20 questions (doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2013.05.008;
Cb comments for InChI's
Authors: Willighagen Egon
Published: January 2025

About a year ago Pedro wrote a Greasemonkey script to add comments from PostGenomic.com to table of contents of scientific journals. Noel extended it with support for Chemical blogspace (see also this earlier item). Now, the later website is maintained by me, and I extended the aggregator software with molecule support, for example to show

hot

molecules on the frontpage (at some point my patches will be backported into mainstream.
Analysis of Significance of CARD11 and MYO1G Expression in Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Its Predictive Value for Prognosis of Recurrence
Authors: Chang Tingting , Liu Fengxia , Lin Shengxun , Li Li , Xu Bei
Published: January 2025

Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is one of the most common infectious diseases worldwide, with extremely high morbidity and mortality. An in-depth understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of PTB is crucial for finding novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in the future. In this study, we identified 52 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which consisted of 422 nodes and 2853 edges, from the GSE34608 dataset in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. These DEGs were composed of 422 nodes and 2,853 edges. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that CARD11 and MYO1G are closely related to T-cell activation. Upon further clinical case analysis, we found that the expression of CARD11 and MYO1G in the peripheral blood of patients with PTB were lower than those of healthy individuals, demonstrating excellent diagnostic value for both PTB diagnosis and prognosis of recurrence. Thus, CARD11 and MYO1G are promising indicators for assessing PTB in the future.
Assessment of the effect pre-treated using ultrasonic and hydrothermal technique for wheat and corn stalks on biogas generation and methane yield
Authors: Jasim Israa Nsaif , Khalil Amal Hamza
Published: January 2025

Current study aims to estimate the impact of physical pretreatment of wheat stalks and corn stalks on biogas production, where two types of pretreatment were used (ultrasonic pretreatment and hydrothermal pretreatment) and three types of animal manure were used as a source of bacteria (cow, sheep and ostrich manure). The results showed a high increment in the amount of biogas generated after pretreatment, as the increase when using ultrasonic pretreatment for wheat stalks inoculated with cow, sheep, and ostrich manure were 31.92%, 20.63%, 155.24%, respectively as compared with untreated samples of wheat stalks. As for the corn stalks, the increase in the biogas when ultrasonic pretreatment for corn stalks inoculated with cow, sheep, and ostrich manure was 57.12%, 43.38%, and 173.05%, respectively, as compared with untreated samples of corn stalks. In hydrothermal pretreatment, the increase in biogas generated by pretreatment for wheat stalks inoculated with cow and sheep manure was 30.57% and 6.10 %, respectively, compared with an untreated sample of wheat stalks. In the hydrothermal pretreatment for corn stalks, the increase was 29.69% and 3.67 %, respectively as compared with untreated sample of corn stalks with the same manure above. An increase was also observed in the amount of methane generated after each of the pre-treated, as the increase in the ultrasonic pretreatment for wheat stalks inoculated cow, sheep, and ostrich manure were 25.25%, 21.96% and 160.78 %, respectively. Whereas, when ultrasonic pretreatment for corn stalks the increase was 88.06%, 54.13%, and 210.91 %, respectively. In hydrothermal pretreatment, the increase in the amount of methane for wheat stalks inoculated with cow and sheep manure was 13.59% and 13.67 %, while, in the corn stalks inoculated with cow and sheep manure was 42.90% and 27.23 %, respectively. Finally, the highest biogas and methane production was obtained when ostrich dung was used as inoculum with wheat and corn stalks pre-treated using ultrasound compared to cow and sheep manure.  A substantial accord was seen between the values that were measured and the values that were expected by the modified Gompertz model, as indicated by correlation coefficients that were ≥ 0.96.
Gümüşhane Yöresinde Oynanan Halk Oyunları ve Dizden Kırma Oyununun Geleneksel Yapısı
Authors: AKTÜRK Ertan
Published: January 2025

Dünyanın farklı coğrafyalarında yaşayan bireyler bulundukları yerlerde kendilerine özgü kültürel olgular geliştirmişlerdir. Bu olgular zamanla geçirmiş oldukları değişimler sonucu çeşitli normlar, değerler, eğlenceler, oyunlar haline dönüşmüştür. Bu dönüşüm ile birlikte insanlar duygu ve düşüncelerini, yaşam tarzlarını, sevinç ve üzüntülerini oyun adını verdiğimiz hareketler, ezgiler, taklitler vasıtasıyla anlatmaya başlamaları sonucu günümüz halk oyunları ortaya çıkmıştır. Anadolu’nun geleneksel halk oyunu geleneği diğer birçok bölgede olduğu gibi Gümüşhane yöresinde de kendisini göstermiştir. Söz konusu araştırmada, Gümüşhane yöresinde oynanan halk oyunları ve dizden kırma oyununun geleneksel yapısı incelenmiştir. Yörede geleneksel halk kültürünün en önemli parçalarından birisi olarak kabul edilen halk oyunlarına yönelik Gümüşhane de bir merkez ilçe ve bağlı bulunan beş ilçede icra edilen halk oyunları çeşitli akademik yayınlar ve alan taramaları yapılarak ortaya çıkarılmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada bütüncül anlayış çerçevesinde öncelikle Gümüşhane yöresinin tarihsel yapısı, coğrafi konumu ve sosyoekonomik yapısı hakkında bilgi verilirken kültürel gelişimi noktasında yöreye ait örf, adet ve gelenekler hakkında açıklayıcı bilgilere yer verilmiştir. Öncelikle Türk halk oyunlarının tarihsel gelişimi, bölgelere göre gruplandırılması ve adlandırılması yapılırken ardından Gümüşhane yöresinde icra edilen halk oyunları ve halk bilimi unsurlarına yer verilmiştir. Çalışmanın son bölümünde ise yörede yaygın bir şekilde icra edilen dizden kırma oyununun geleneksel yapısı, yöre halkı üzerindeki etkileri, içerisinde taşıdığı halk bilimi unsurlarına yer verilerek analiz edilmiştir.
Perlindungan Hak Kekayaan Intelektual Dalam Hukum Persaingan Usaha: Perspektif Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha
Authors: Wijayanto Budi Tri , Sumanto Listyowati
Published: January 2025

Intellectual Property Rights are exclusive rights the state grants to inventors or creators of their intellectual works. Competition Law and the role of the Business Competition Supervisory Commission are closely related in ensuring the protection of intellectual property rights in Indonesia to prevent a decline in competitiveness and investment climate, including potential activities that can harm consumers such as the circulation of counterfeit products, price instability, and maintaining Indonesia's image in the international arena. This paper aims to provide an overview of the Business Competition Supervisory Commission's important role in ensuring the protection of intellectual property rights within the framework of healthy business competition law in Indonesia. The research method used is a descriptive normative legal research type. The data collection technique used is a literature study. Secondary data is analyzed qualitatively, and conclusions are drawn using deductive logic. The results of the study show that regulations give the Business Competition Supervisory Commission the authority to take action against business actors who violate intellectual property rights, monopolistic practices, and unfair business competition, such as unfair pricing, production restrictions, and exclusive agreements. Thus, the Business Competition Supervisory Commission has an important role in ensuring the protection of intellectual property rights to create a healthy business competition climate.
Godly Constitution and Divine Enlightenment
Authors: Nugraha Ignatius Yordan
Published: January 2025

God is not dead, at least not in Indonesia. Belief in God is not only fervent across the population, but also exalted as part of the constitutional identity of the state itself. On 3 January 2025, the Indonesian Constitutional Court issued a judgment concerning the rights of non-believers in Indonesia. The Court essentially ruled that there is ‘no room’ for the freedom to be irreligious in Indonesia. Most notably, the Court has declared that the 1945 Indonesian Constitution is a ‘Godly Constitution’, and therefore all laws must always be ‘illuminated by divine enlightenment’. The judgment represents an unusual form of constitutional theocracy, which is inherently syncretic and claims to represent the collective wisdom of all recognised religions of Indonesia.
Epidemiology of malaria and hematological analysis in district Dir (lower), Pakistan
Authors: Wali Khan  , Dr. Tahir Hussain  , Dr Asfand Yar  , Dr sayed attiq ullah  , Dr Hameed Ullah  , Syed Sohail Ahmad
Published: January 2025

Background: Malaria is considered as a tropical disease, in developing countries. Among all parasitic infections malaria is most widespread and devastating disease. According to WHO malaria is endemic in 24 countries. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Department of Medical Laboratory Technology University of Haripur. Total 995 samples were collected at District Head Quarter Hospital (DHQ), Tehsils Hospitals (THQs), and other private laboratories in District Dir (Lower). These samples were processed to observe the shape of RBCs as well as plasmodium species in the smear microscopically, and for hemoglobin estimation. Data was analyzed through SPSS version-21. Results: Highest percentage of malaria was recorded in Munda (35.17%) followed by Timergara (19.59%) whereas the lowest number of cases were found in Khall (5.02%). Prevalence of P. vivax was (98.0 %) and P. falciparum was (2 %) in district Dir Lower. Mean red blood cell count (RBCs) was 4.2±0.64 mm3 while mean Hb was 11.0±1.99g/dl. Based on different age categories, the highest RBCs and Hb levels were found in age group 41-50 years, whereas the lowest RBCs were found in age group 11-20 years while the lowest Hb levels were recorded in group 1-10 years. In associated diseases, the upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) were the most frequent (20%) followed by diarrhea (18%). Mean Hb of males was 11.8±1.53 g/dl while the mean Hb of female was 11.5±5.384 g/dl. Hb in both males and females were low as compared to the standard. However, as compared to females, Hb of males were significantly lower with p-value <0.001. Conclusion: We concluded that males are more commonly infected from malaria as compared to females. Males and children were found to have low Hb as compared to females and higher age group patients. URTIs and diarrhea were the most common associated illness.
The Anticonvulsant and Antioxidant Effect of Rosa Moschata (J) Fruit Extract in Pentylenetetrazole induced Epileptic Mouse Model
Authors: Irshad Zainab , Nawaz Samia , Ullah Shakir , Ali Niaz , Khan Imran , Nabi Muhammad
Published: January 2025

Background: Rosa moschata (J) (RM (J)) is widely used as a traditional medicine in different ailments including central nervous system diseases, hepatic and gastrointestinal disease. The current study focused on the anticonvulsant effects and memory improvement property of RM (J) fruit extract by the modulation of oxidative stress markers and GABAA receptor in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced mice epileptic model. Methods: The epileptic mice model was developed using pentylenetetrazole (35 mg/kg). The extract were used at doses of 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg. The seizure was evaluated according to the Racine Scale. Cognitive functions were evaluated using the Y Maze and Morris Water Maze behavioral tests. The antioxidant effect of RM (J) extract was measured by assessing the level of lipid peroxidation (LPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and catalase (CAT). Additionally, the effect of RM (J) extract on the expression of GABAA receptors was evaluated using the qPCR. Results: RM (J) fruit extract exhibited a significant (P<0.5) dose-dependent improvement in memory compared to the mice treated with PTZ. Furthermore, the RM (J) extract significantly increased the levels of GSH and CAT and reduced LPO level compared to the PTZ group. The onset time of seizure was prolong while duration of seizure was significantly short in RM (J) extract treated group compared to PTZ group. Interestingly, there was a significant increase in the expression of GABAA receptors in the groups treated with the RM (J) extract, compared to the PTZ group. Conclusions: RM (J) extracts showed anticonvulsant effect and memory improvement potential due to the reduction of oxidative stress markers and enhanced in the expression of GABAA receptors.
Penyuluhan Pemberian Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) dan Tendon and Nerve Gliding Exercise untuk Menurunkan Nyeri Carpal Tunnel Syndrome pada Pekerja Kantor Dinas Kesehatan Lingkungan di Sulawesi Tenggara
Authors: Herlianti Herlianti  , Al Multazam
Published: January 2025

Carpal tunnel syndrome is a condition where the median nerve in the wrist is compressed, causing symptoms such as tingling, numbness and pain in the hand. Outreach activities are carried out to educate workers about carpal tunnel syndrome such as signs of symptoms, how to prevent it and how to reduce pain complaints with tendon and nerve gliding exercise which can be done at home. The method used in this outreach was to provide leaflets and ask several pretest posttest questions to determine the knowledge of workers about carpal tunnel syndrome. The results of this activity showed an increase in understanding regarding the definition, signs and symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome with a percentage before counseling of 10% increasing to 100% understanding of the causes of carpal tunnel syndrome. The percentage before counseling was 5% and increased to 100% as well as an understanding of tendon and nerve gliding exercise. stretching obtained before counseling 0% increased to 100%.
Review Artikel: Pengaruh Penggunaan Bahan Pengikat Alami dan Sintetis pada Kualitas Fisik Tablet
Authors: Siti Nurhaliza  , Nur Luthfia Salim  , Annisa Normiani Putri  , Lidya Syahjiah  , Muhammad Dhaiffullah  , Nor Latifah
Published: January 2025

Tablets are one of the most preferred forms of medication due to their compact shape, portability, and good stability. A key factor that greatly influences the physical quality of tablets is the binder used. This article reviews various studies on the effects of using natural and synthetic binders on the physical quality of tablets in drug formulations, including PVC, HPMC, CMC-Na, jackfruit seed starch, banana heart starch, and white sweet potato starch, which contribute to forming tablets with optimal physical properties. Data on the use of tablet binders were collected through a literature study method. The results concluded that the use of PVC, HPMC, CMC-Na, jackfruit seed starch, banana heart starch, and white sweet potato starch binders have an impact on the physical properties of tablets.
Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Penyakit TBC pada Anak di Puskesmas Topoyo Provinsi Sulawesi Barat
Authors: Kasmiati Kasmiati  , Marniati Marniati  , Latifa Nur  , Pahria Pahria  , Lina Fitriani
Published: January 2025

Child TB is on of the causes of illness and weakness that often occurs in children WHO data 2018 states that there are 1.1 million cases of TB in children which are affected by nutritional status, immunization, contact history, and environment. Factors that influence the incidence of tuberculosis in children using a case control approach The population in this study were all pediatric patients who visited the topoyo health center. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire and observation sheets were then processed and analyzed using a statistical program. The result: the study showed that there was a relationship, immunization, contact history, of TB disease in children in the working area of the topoyo health center. Conclusion: the incidence of TB in children is closely related to immunization factors, and the environment to TB in children.
Analisis Pendapatan Pedagang Pinang di Pasar Tradisional Kota Wamena
Authors: Difinubun Muhamad Fagi , Kaharudin Kaharudin
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pendapatan penjualan pinang di pasar tradisional kota wamena. Jenis penelitian yang di gunakan adalah Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan pendekatan kualitatif, sehingga diupayakan memunculkan data-data lapangan yang sebenar-benarnya sesuai kondisi sesungguhnya, dengan metode wawancara (interview), observasi. Dan untuk akurasi pendapatan di lakukan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sampel informan yang di ambil dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 40 pedagang, yang terdiri dari 10 pedagang di pasar jibama, 10 pedagang di pasar potikelek, 10 pedagang di pasar sinakma dan 10 pedagang di jalan irian.  Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini adlaah dengan menggunakan quisioner yang telah di buat, yang berisi data berupa biaya pengeluaran pedagang untuk membeli pinang, sirih, sewa tempat, biaya listrik, dan biaya akomodasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan total penerimaan pendapatan tiap-tiap lokasi berbeda, untuk pasar sinakma total pendapatan harian mencapai Rp. 139.167, untuk pasar potikelek Rp.145.917, untuk pasar sinakma pendapatan harian rata-rata mencapai Rp.243.250 dan untuk jalan irian pendapatan rata-rata perharinya mencapai Rp. 151.167. perbedaan pendapatan ini bisa di sebabkan karena beberapa faktor, misalnya modal usaha yang di keluarkan unutk membeli pinang, lokasi berdagang, daya saing pasar, serta kepercayaan ataupun responsif perubahan pasar.
The EU-Georgia Association Agreement as a process of harmonization of Georgian environmental law
Authors: Turava Paata , Varamashvili Gvantsa
Published: January 2025

The anotation is available in Georgian
Pengaplikasian Gelombang Elektromagnetik dan Nanopartikel Dielectric dalam Peningkatan Pemulihan Minyak
Authors: Riyan Aditya  , Dafairro Abbil Gunawan  , Della Saskia Amelia  , Syarif Hidayatullah  , Diyajeng Luluk Karlina
Published: January 2025

Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is the recovery of oil remaining in a reservoir after primary and secondary recovery methods because it has been exhausted or is no longer economical, using thermal, chemical or mixed gas processes. Most conventional methods are not suitable for extracting oil from high temperature and high pressure (HTHP) reservoirs due to chemical degradation in the environment. Alternatively, electromagnetic (EM) energy is used as a thermal method to reduce oil viscosity in reservoirs, thereby increasing oil production. The application of nanotechnology in EOR is also investigated. In this study, we investigate a non-invasive method by injecting dielectric nanofluids into an oil reservoir simultaneously with electromagnetic irradiation, with the aim of increasing oil production by causing disruption at the oil-water interface. During core displacement tests, ZnO and Al2O3 nanofluids were shown to obtain higher amounts of residual oil than commercial sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) surfactant without EM irradiation. With EM irradiation, more residual oil is obtained compared to without irradiation. It has also been shown that changing the viscosity of dielectric nanofluids during electromagnetic irradiation increases sweep efficiency, resulting in higher oil recovery.
Sobre Sangre y calidades, objetos y lugares. Agencia criolla y representación racial en la serie de castas de Francisco de Clápera (Nueva España, 1776-1810)
Authors: O'Rourke Murolo G. Thomás
Published: January 2025

Creadas por artistas mestizos y criollos durante el siglo XVIII, la pintura de castas emerge como un género original al Virreinato de Nueva España que evidencia su vitalidad cultural y la potencia de sus elites. El trabajo observa la serie de Francisco de Clápera, una de las pocas que se conserva en su totalidad, y la única atribuida a un artista nacido en la península. En las series de castas se representaban diversas variantes de familias “interétnicas”, asociando espacios, objetos, hábitos, e inclinaciones morales a cada tipo de unión y -dado que los paneles se enumeraban- organizando una jerarquía sobre la base de clivajes raciales. En este estudio, abordo este género artístico en tanto dispositivo retórico que comunica sentidos, con especial interés en el modo en que estas series intentan articular creencias raciales. Me preocupo también por inscribir la producción de estas series en su contexto histórico, tanto político como simbólico; en este sentido, exploro tanto los antecedentes ideológicos que emergen en la península ibérica durante los siglos XIV-XVI, como los enlaces con el contexto político del periodo tardocolonial. En mi análisis, al exhibir los modos en que estas representaciones articulan sentidos, me intereso especialmente en objetos y lugares para entender como participan en un proceso de carácter retórico.
CHARACTERISTICS OF STUDENT SELF EFFICACY AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR GUIDANCE SERVICES
Authors: Ade Lina Kirana  , Nugraha Agung , Isti’adah Feida Noorlaila
Published: January 2025

The research aims to get an overview of the self-efficacy characteristics of students who are in the process of completing their thesis at FKIP Muhammadiyah University Tasikmalaya. The background to this problem arises in the process of completing a thesis for students. The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive, involving 246 students who are in the process of completing their thesis at FKIP Muhammadiyah University Tasikmalaya. The data collection technique used in this research is an incidental sampling technique where anyone in the population can fill out a questionnaire by chance, and the data analysis method uses the calculation of averages, standard deviations, and percentages and tests for gender differences through SPSS 24.00. The results of the research show that the self-efficacy of students who are in the process of completing their thesis at FKIP Muhammadiyah University of Tasikmalaya tends to be in the high category with a score of 71%, the medium category is 29% and their is no self-efficacy in the low category or 0%. This research shows positive self-efficacy in the process of completing the thesis. Based on these findings, it is recommended that a role-playing technique group guidance service program be developed to develop student self-efficacy.
EVALUATION OF TEACHER WELFARE IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM THROUGH PESANTREN HEALTH INSURANCE CIPP MODEL
Authors: Rohmah Fitri Nur , Sayuti Akhamad Fauzi
Published: January 2025

The low welfare of teachers is a big task for Islamic Education Institutions, especially Islamic boarding schools, to find solutions to improve their welfare. This research aims to measure the effectiveness of the health insurance and social security programs at the Mambaul Ulum Bata-Bata Pamekasan Islamic boarding school. The program's effectiveness is seen using program evaluation carried out using the CIPP (context, input, process, and product) model developed by Staflebeam.  The sources of research data are the person in charge of the program (Madamrosiyah Board of the Mambaul Ulum Bata-Bata Islamic boarding school), school principals, and teachers. The total population is 536 teachers. The sample was taken as 20% of the population, namely 107 people. Primary data was taken using questionnaires and interviews. The questionnaire instrument was tested with construct validity using correlation and Alpha Cronbach. Interviews were conducted with 3 school principals and 6 teachers divided into 3 male and 3 female teachers. Secondary data is obtained by documentation. The research results show that the program has been running effectively and on target. The aside (teachers) have felt the benefits of the program and are satisfied with the existence of this health insurance program because indirectly they worry that if they get sick and have to pay a lot of money can be covered by Islamic boarding school health insurance. The settlement amount is up to 70%. Therefore, this program is recommended for Islamic educational institutions such as Islamic boarding schools to improve their welfare in terms of health insurance. Findings also show that teachers who have received assistance tend to respond positively to the program compared to teachers who have never received assistance.
Freezing of oocytes as fertility preservation for benign medical and social indication
Authors: Macklon Kirsten Tryde , Bülow Nathalie , Christensen Heidi , Hartwell Dorthe , Kirkegaard Kirstine , Kristensen Stine Gry , Kristensen Susanne Lund , Larsen Elisabeth Clare , Petersen Kathrine Birch , Rygaard Kåre , Sakse Abelone , Colmorn Lotte Berdiin
Published: January 2025

Cryopreservation of oocytes as a way of preserving fertility for future use can be considered for certain benign diseases and conditions. Benign ovarian cysts, BRCA 1/2 mutation carriers, genetic conditions such as Turner syndrome and Fragile X mutation carriers, and even a low ovarian reserve of unknown origin are examples of such conditions. However, the evidence of the advantage of the procedure is sparse in terms of live births. In general, the recommendation is to freeze oocytes before the age of 38 and preferably >15-20 oocytes.
A woman with a live interstitial pregnancy and previous salpingectomy
Authors: Thomsen Signe Grønborg , Fagö-Olsen Carsten Lindberg , Antonsen Sofie Leisby , Pehrson Caroline
Published: January 2025

Interstitial pregnancies account for 2-4% of ectopic pregnancies. In the second trimester there is a risk of life-threatening rupture. Women with prior salpingectomy seem to be at increased risk. This case report is about a 30-year-old woman with previous salpingectomy presented with a live interstitial pregnancy, confirmed via ultrasound in the first trimester. She underwent laparoscopic surgery due to the risk of rupture. This highlights the importance of recognizing the risk in such patients and suggests reconsideration of the procedure to reduce the occurrence of interstitial pregnancies.
Self-enucleation in a psychiatric patient
Authors: von Arenstorff Mathilde Mussmann , Rasmussen Marie Louise Roed
Published: January 2025

Self-enucleation is a rare but severe self-inflicted eye injury linked to psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia and bipolar disorder as well as substance abuse. Treatment requires a multidisciplinary approach involving urgent medical and surgical care, followed by long-term psychiatric treatment. In this case report, a 32-year-old woman presented to an ophthalmic emergency department after self-enucleation and was later admitted to a psychiatric ward. This highlights the complexity of treating self-enucleation, necessitating coordinated efforts from emergency, ophthalmologic, and psychiatric teams.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Interaktif Berbasis Powerpoint Untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Bilangan Cacah Siswa Kelas 6 SDN Baratajaya
Authors: Fachrezy Muhammad Riza , Effendi Bilqis Trihapsari , Sari Emi Suci Lukita , Salsabillah Merzynindia Putri , Maulidyanti Atika , Istiq'faroh Nurul , Zahroh Ulfi Aminatuz
Published: January 2025

This study aims to develop PowerPoint-based interactive learning media to enhance the understanding of natural numbers among 6th-grade elementary school students. The research employed the Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) model. The research subjects were 30 students from VI Elementary School Baratajaya. Data was collected through observations, interviews, questionnaires, and learning outcome tests. Media and material expert validation results showed the learning media was suitable for use with an average score of 86.5%. The implementation of learning media demonstrated improved student understanding with an N-gain value of 0.71 (high category). Student response to the learning media showed a satisfaction rate of 88.3%. It can be concluded that PowerPoint-based interactive learning media effectively improves 6th-grade elementary school students' understanding of natural numbers.