bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of body mass index on outcome of adult cardiac surgery
Authors: Qabaha Anan Hasan , Al-Fawares Safwan Galeb , Alqaisi AbdaAllah Ibrahim , Alshobaki Wael Ibrahim , Al-Adwan Rawand Hayel , Mohd Ashraf Fadel , Al-Aqqad Nisrein Mousa
Published: June 2024

Background: The objectives of study were to determine the incidence of overweight and obesity in adult cardiac surgical patients, and to evaluate the impact of BMI on outcome from cardiac surgery.
Methods: Retrospective observational analysis of data of adult cardiac surgery at Queen Alia heart institute (QAHI) in the period of time between September 2023 and February 2024. Patients’ data were recorded and analysed. Patients were divided in categories according to the world health organisation (WHO) body mass index (BMI) classification. The WHO BMI categories were compared regarding their pre-operative, intra-operative and post-operative characteristics. Recovery parameters such as extubation time, length of ICU stay, length of hospitalisation and mortality were also compared between normal weight, overweight and obesity categories. Ethical committee approval obtained.
Results: Data from 141adult cardiac surgical patients was analysed. Male patients were 115 (81.56%) and female patients were 26 (18.44%) with a male to female ratio of 4.4. Mean age of patients was 56.66 (SD 10.26). Majority of patients were obese (39%) and overweight (34%). The Incidence of diabetes in the normal weight category was 41.7%; while in the overweight category it increased to 58.4% and reached 60% in the obese category. The incidence of hypertension (75% in the overweight and 76.4% in the obese categories) increased with the increase of the BMI. Obese category had prolonged mean duration of hospitalisation (13 days); however, lower rates of re-opening and mortality.
Conclusions: Most of the adult cardiac surgical patients in this study are obese and overweight. The overweight and obese patients had higher rates of hypertension, diabetes and ischaemic heart disease. Longer hospitalisation and lower mortality rates were noted in patients with higher BMI.
A phase III randomized controlled clinical trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of naftifine 2% cream versus terbinafine 1% cream in patients with superficial fungal infection of the skin
Authors: Patro Nibedita , Suryatale Prerna R. , Pandya Ipsa , Mian Nadia Zakir , Chinda Monika , M. Daultani Pavankumar , Mittal Ravindra , D. Jaiswal Ashok , Singh Anit
Published: June 2024

Background: Dermatophytosis is the prevailing fungal infection, typically addressed through topical, systemic antifungal medications, or a combination of both. Naftifine hydrochloride, belonging to the allylamine group, is a topical antifungal, exhibiting fungicidal properties alongside antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of naftifine hydrochloride 2% w/w in 268 patients with dermatophytosis versus terbinafine hydrochloride 1% w/w.
Methods: The drugs were applied daily for two weeks, with the primary endpoint being a clinical cure at the end of the treatment. Secondary endpoints included mycological cure, composite cure, global efficacy assessment, and post-treatment relapse.
Results: In both groups, most patients experienced both clinical and mycological cures, with composite cures observed in 94.07% of the test group and 87.97% of the reference group. The global assessment of efficacy was 3.59 in the test group and 3.48 in the reference group, showing no notable difference between the two groups. All adverse events in both groups were mild and resolved within four days. Overall tolerability was comparable between the study groups.
Conclusions: The study concluded that topical naftifine was effective and safe in patients with dermatophytosis and its efficacy and safety were found comparable to topical terbinafine.
Cordia nicandroides, una llamativa nueva especie de Cordiaceae del norte de Colombia
Authors: Fernández-Alonso José Luis , Cogollo-Pacheco Álvaro A.
Published: June 2024

Se describe una nueva especie del género Cordia, Cordia nicandroides, del norte de Colombia, la cual se distingue por sus frutos grandes, drupáceos, nuciformes, y protegidos por un amplio cáliz acrescente y pentacostado. Es un árbol que se da principalmente en bosques húmedos o de transición a bosque seco, asociado a cursos de agua. Tiene afinidades notables con Cordia oncocalyx, especie anemócora, endémica de los biomas Caatinga y Mata atlántica del oriente de Brasil, pero se diferencia bien de esta porque, primero, presenta cálices fructíferos de menor tamaño (43-45 x 53-56 mm) y estrechamente ceñidos al fruto, en tanto que en C. oncocalyx su tamaño es mayor (43-80 x 45-75 mm) y no están ceñidos al fruto; además, en C. nicandroides los frutos son anchamente ovoides y de mayor tamaño (40-42 x 38-40 mm), y en C. oncocalyx son anchamente elipsoides y más pequeños (17-21 x 16–19 mm). Si se considera el hábitat de esta especie, estos frutos, más grandes y compactos, con envoltura calicina rígida y apergaminada, sugieren la presencia del síndrome de hidrocoría en el tipo de dispersión de las diásporas.
On the question of property transformation forms: Theoretical and practical aspects
Authors:   Saratov State University, Tarakanov Petr Yu.
Published: June 2024

Introduction. The transformation of property as a system of complex continuous relations regarding a change in type, form, characteristics and any properties of the property itself is a discussed scientific problem. The purpose of the study is to analyze the property transformation and develop a classification of types of property transformation in modern economic theory and government practice. Theoretical analysis. This paper examines the processes of changing the economic essence of the concept of “property” and transformation of property, distinguishing two types of transformations: macrotransformation and microtransformation of property. Possession, use, disposal should be considered signs of ownership and peculiar conditions. A change in any of these signs – a decrease or increase in relation to a specific property indicates a transformation of the property itself. In cases where the owner receives the right only to dispose of property, transformation of property also occurs under the influence of processes such as easement, emphyteusis, and superficies. Results. Based on the analysis of property transformation processes in retrospect, a conclusion was made about their cyclical nature. Fundamentally new changes in property relations are observed in connection with the formation of post-industrial society. The dominant object of property is information and knowledge, which gradually adopted the characteristics of individual property.
Law, information society, digital sovereignty
Authors:   Penza State University, Romanovskaya Olga V.
Published: June 2024

Introduction. The rapid development of digital technologies has led to significant changes in various spheres of public life. The species classification of the modern world is based on the fact that the era of the information society is coming. Its characteristics were defined in the Okinawa Charter of the Global Information Society. Empirical analysis. The author presents an overview of the strategies for innovative technological development adopted in the Russian Federation under the influence of the development of digital technologies. The relevance of the formation of the concept of digital sovereignty is shown. The researcher conducted a comparative legal study which indicated that digital sovereignty was originally presented in the legal systems of the European Union countries. Foreign approaches to the formation of a new legal order, conditioned by the development of digitalization, are outlined. The article highlights the features of the German concept “Industry 4.0”, the Japanese concept “Society 5.0”, and the Chinese concept “Made in China 2025”. Theoretical analysis. The main trend of digitalization is decentralization, which affects not only the economies of countries, but also the public administration system. Its general consequences are highlighted: the emergence of competition between states (which leads to the expansion of axiology, and not just technology); a change in the concept of public administration in the context of growing horizontal connections (the emergence of the concept of “the state as a platform”); priority of data (in electronic form) as a condition for the economic, political and social development of the state. Results. The acceleration of the technological process has an impact on the socio-political sphere. The law does not have time to react to changes; the formed reality itself dictates those rules that are formed outside of political instruments. This also leads to the transformation of traditional state institutions, which forces us to rethink the very understanding of the modern state.
The role of propaganda in popularizing and preserving the all-Russian cultural identity of compatriots abroad
Authors:   Saratov State University, Konduktorova Nadezhda A.
Published: June 2024

Introduction. As a result of the constitutional reform carried out in 2020, the basic law of the country was supplemented with new norms. They include the provisions of Part 3 of Article 69 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, which enshrine guarantees of support for compatriots living abroad. This norm introduces a new category into constitutional legal circulation – “all-Russian cultural identity”, and its preservation is fixed as one of the areas of state activity. Propaganda is interpreted as one of the elements of the mechanism for preserving this identity. The study of all-Russian cultural identity, as well as propaganda in the context of its preservation, is the goal of this work. Theoretical analysis. The term “identity” has been steadily entrenched in domestic legislation and legal science. Its content varies depending on the characteristics of the identity bearer. It has been revealed that the functions of propaganda used to preserve his / her identity depend on the characteristics of the basis for recognizing a person as a compatriot. Еmpirical analysis. The article revealed that neither ethnicity nor citizenship relations are the basis of the nationwide cultural identity of compatriots abroad. The concept under study is based on the cultural (civilizational) code of Russia as a country with a centuries-old statehood, rich history and a multinational people. Propaganda is one of the ways to spread the Russian value and worldview model. Results. The role of propaganda is to form a positive image of the future among compatriots regarding Russia. The upward constitutionalization of relations to support compatriots is due to several factors: the priority of this direction of the Russian national policy; recognition of the identity under study as a legal fact; justification of the new category as confirmation of the civilizational essence of Russia at the constitutional level.
On the Concept and Types of Violent Crimes against Family and Minors
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Criminal Law and Procedure of the Moscow State University of Geodesy and Cartography (MIIGAiK), PhD (Law), Popov Dmitry V.
Published: June 2024

The article substantiates and provides the author's classification of crimes combined in Chapter 20 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation into crimes that can be committed by applying physical and/or mental violence to a minor (Articles 150, 151, 1512, 156 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) and crimes committed in a non-violent way (Articles 1511, 153, 154, 155, 157 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation). The criminal law definition of "crimes against the family and minors committed through violence" is given.
The Measure of Sending Juvenile Drug Addicts to Compulsory Rehabilitation Centers in Vietnamese Law
Authors:   Head of the Department of Administrative and State Law Lecturer of the University of Economics and Law of the Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh, LL.D., Minh Cao Vu , Minh Anh Nguyen Thi ,   Student of the University of Economics, Ho Chi Minh
Published: June 2024

In accordance with the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice (the Beijing Rules, 1985): "The placement of a juvenile in an institution shall always be a disposition of last resort and for the minimum necessary period". However, like many other countries of Southeast Asia, Vietnam maintains punishment in the form of imprisonment for minor offenders. Imprisonment of minors is currently playing an important role in the prevention of crime in Vietnam. Apart from imprisonment, the Vietnamese laws stipulate placement of minor drug addicts in rehabilitation centers for forced rehabilitation. This measure is applied to minor drug addicts not wishing to be treated for drug addiction to isolate them from the society for a period of 6 to 12 months. This article reviews the Vietnamese laws with regards to forced placement of minor drug addicts in rehabilitation centers, which serves as the measure of isolation of minor drug addicts from the society but does not require judicial proceedings.
The Vulnerability Concept: A View from the Standpoint of the Problem of Donorship by Minors
Authors:   Lecturer of the Department of Civil Law of the Law Faculty of the Southern Federal University, Fedorova Inna V.
Published: June 2024

This article analyses the concept of vulnerability as a tool to ensure the protection of the rights of persons who are unable to protect their interests independently. It is established that the purpose of introducing the concept of vulnerability into the legislation is to neutralise the legal vulnerability of various categories of the population, including underage donors. The article concludes that it is necessary to fix the requirement of obtaining the written consent of both parents for taking bone marrow or haematopoietic stem cells from a minor. The article substantiates the need to develop a unified legislative standard to regulate the donation of living organs and tissues by minors.
Special Aspects of the Application of Pre-Trial Restrictions in Cases on Administrative Offenses in Respect of Minors
Authors:   Senior Lecturer of the Department of Administrative Law and Administrative Activities of the Stavropol Branch of the Krasnodar University of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation, Sharlova Marina N.
Published: June 2024

This article discusses the issues of applying measures to juvenile offenders to ensure proceedings in cases of administrative offenses, such as delivery, administrative detention, examination for alcohol intoxication. The categories of persons under the age of eighteen and in need of individual preventive measures are highlighted. The author, in order to reduce the level of administrative offenses committed by adolescents, has proposed a number of preventive measures.
The Current Status and Problems of Prevention of Violent Crimes Committed with the Use of Weapons by Students (Graduates) of Educational Institutions
Authors:   Junior Scientific Assistant of the Department of Criminology of the Kikot Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Orlova Maria S.
Published: June 2024

The article deals with problematic issues concerning the prevention of violent crimes committed with the use of weapons by students (graduates) in educational organizations. The author draws attention to the growth of serious and especially serious crimes committed by minors, which is noted in 2022-2023. This trend is directly related to the growth of violence in the educational environment, including violence involving the use of weapons. In this regard, it seems relevant to consider issues related to the prevention of violent crimes committed by students in schools, lyceums, gymnasiums, institutes and others. In the author's opinion, the key role in the prevention of violent crimes is played by the family, educational organization in which the person is studying, as well as law enforcement agencies represented by internal affairs bodies. The conducted research has shown that the current system of prevention of violent crime cannot be called perfect and it is primarily due to the following: staff shortage of structural units of internal affairs bodies (in particular, inspectors of juvenile affairs), a decline in the level of professional competence of employees of educational organizations, unfavorable situation in families where students are brought up and other reasons.
Removal of a Legal Representative of a Minor Party to Criminal Proceedings
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Criminal and Legal Disciplines of the Law Institute of the Vladimir State University, PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Tsvetkova Elena V.
Published: June 2024

The reasons for the removal of the legal representative of minor participants in criminal proceedings from participation in a criminal case are considered, and examples from practice are given. It has been established that there is no clear basis for removing the legal representative of a minor, and therefore the law enforcement officer can interpret it differently, due to his subjective attitude.
International Commercial Arbitration: Verification of the Theory of Delocalization in the Period of Sanctions
Authors:   Chief Legal Officer of SOVTELIT-A, LLC, Ditkovskaya Polina A. , Katukova Svetlana Yu. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Procedure Law of the Northwestern Branch of the Russian State University of Justice, PhD (Law), Associate Professor
Published: June 2024

The article deals with theoretical approaches to determining the essence of international commercial arbitration through the study of the concept of delocalization. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the hypothesis that the principle of delocalization of arbitration operates even in the face of hostile sanctions restrictions, although it is influenced by the international agenda. The practical task is to analyze the rules of international arbitration centers organizing cross-border arbitration and identify the jurisdiction of an arbitration center that can optimally guarantee a fair and qualified consideration of a dispute with the participation of Russian entrepreneurs. The relevance of scientific research in the field of delocalization of international arbitration is due to their practical significance. As a result of the study, the conclusion is substantiated that in the current unfavorable conditions of political and legal instability, Russian entrepreneurs are recommended the jurisdiction of the Hong Kong International Arbitration Center (hereinafter — HKIAC).
The Place of Justice in the Hierarchy of Civil Procedure Categories
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Procedure of the Saratov State Law Academy, PhD (Law), Lebedev Mikhail Yu.
Published: June 2024

The article states the need for another change in the vector of understanding of modern Russian civil proceedings. The high workload of the Russian judicial system sets the legislator the task of finding other mechanisms for the protection of law, primarily such as reconciliation of the parties. According to the author, one of the factors hindering the more active introduction of reconciliation into Russian civil proceedings is an overly broad understanding in the doctrine of such a legal category as “justice”. It is proposed to deduce the provision that justice is carried out only by the court from the category of an industry category-principle.
Rule Making in Activities of Authorities of Judicial Communities
Authors:   Doctoral Student of the Faculty of Training of Research and Academic Personnel of the Management Academy of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation, PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Nebratenko Olga O.
Published: June 2024

The bodies of the judicial community enjoy well-deserved authority in society and the professional environment, whose tasks include not only resolving problems related to the administration of justice, but also improving the entire mechanism of the judiciary. The central bodies in which the accumulated practical experience of judicial work is accumulated are the All-Russian Congress of Judges and the Council of Judges of the Russian Federation. The transformation of the mechanism of judicial power is carried out by the federal bodies of the judiciary through the implementation of rule-making competence, one of the manifestations of which is participation in the legislative process.
Paradoxes of the Judicial Practice: Drawing Up a Complete Judgement and Simultaneous Issue of Its Introductory and Operative Parts
Authors:   Professor of the Department of Judicial Activities and Criminal Procedure of the Ural State Law University Named after V.F. Yakovlev, Presiding Judge Emeritus of the Judicial Chamber on Criminal Cases of the Sverdlovsk Regional Court, Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation, LL.D., Associate Professor, Kurchenko Vyacheslav N.
Published: June 2024

The quality of justice should be considered not only through its results (making a legal decision), but also through the prism of all criteria that in one way or another affect the components of judicial activity. The article deals with the issue that judicial activity consists of procedural and organizational activities. Organizational activity in the consideration of a particular criminal case is inseparable from the procedural activity of a judge. Judicial practice shows that there are cases when in a criminal case there are procedural documents that are not provided for by law. We are talking about the presence in the materials of the criminal case of the text of the verdict in full and a separate document outlining the introductory and operative parts.
Expertise of Judges as the Basis for the Development of Trust in the Judicial System
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Constitutional, Administrative and Criminal Law of the Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Federal Judge Emeritus, PhD (Law), Shekshueva Olga N.
Published: June 2024

The work raised the problem of increasing the confidence of citizens in the judicial system. According to the author, the professionalism of judges, the ability to motivate and substantiate their conclusions based on the results of consideration of a particular case, on which the fairness of the decision depends, and hence the trust of citizens in the court, should be considered fundamental for this.
Some Comparative Law Aspects of Assurance of Security of Using Pesticides in Agriculture of Russia, USA, Germany and Poland
Authors:   Professor of the Department of Civil Law and Procedure of the Law Faculty of the Kadyrov Chechen State University, Chief Research Scientist of the Laboratory of Socio-Political Studies of the Kh. Ibragimov Complex Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, PhD (Law), Doctor of Agriculture, Member of the Academy of Sciences of the Chechen Republic, Ibragimov Kyuri Kh.
Published: June 2024

The work is devoted to the disclosure of some comparative legal aspects of ensuring the safety of the use of pesticides in agriculture in Russia, the USA, Germany and Poland. The relevance of the research topic is substantiated. It is articulated: modern agriculture, associated with the use of chemicals, mechanization, genetically modified organisms, and now digitalization, that threaten all living things, must be entrusted to a qualitatively different trained agricultural specialist. Justified: individuals and legal entities declaring to engage in agricultural production are required to first obtain the appropriate qualifications, confirmed by a diploma, at the educational sites of regional information and consulting services, or agricultural research institutes, or agricultural universities.
Delictual Liability Laws: Problems of Consistency of Acts and Protection of Rights of Entrepreneurs
Authors:   Head of the Department of Administrative and Financial Law, Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Law and Procedure of the Orenburg State University, PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Letuta Tatyana V.
Published: June 2024

The systemic analysis of the provisions of certain regulatory acts used in entrepreneurial activity and the Civil Code of the Russian Federation allowed to assess the prospects of application of novelties of special legislation. Taking into account the legal positions of the courts of higher instance, the author finds confirmation of examples of the lack of coordination of the norms of certain laws with the provisions of civil legislation. The article proposes options for harmonising the norms of Russian legislation in order to improve the effectiveness of protection of the rights of entrepreneurs in cases of harm caused to them.
The Role of a Social Care Teacher in the Prevention of the Commission of Delinquent Acts by Minors with Deviant Behavior
Authors:   Senior Lecturer of the Department of Criminal Procedure of the Khabarovsk Branch of the Moscow Academy of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation named after A.Ya. Sukharev, Colonel of Justice, Osipova Tatyana V. , Kryuchkova Valentina F. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Criminal Procedure of the Khabarovsk Branch of the Moscow Academy of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation named after A.Ya. Sukharev, Lieutenant Colonel of Justice, PhD (Law)
Published: June 2024

The authors of the article consider the role of a qualified social pedagogue in schools to prevent deviant behavior of underage adolescents. They highlight shortcomings in educational and preventive work, offer methods of preventing deviant behavior, taking into account the age, individual, personal characteristics of schoolchildren.
Application by Police Officials of Certain Measures to Ensure Proceedings against Minors on Cases of Administrative Offenses: Features and Prospects
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Administrative Activities of Internal Affairs Agencies of the Nizhny Novgorod Academy of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation, PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Kostrova Olga V.
Published: June 2024

Based on the analysis of current Russian legislation, norms of international law, law enforcement and judicial practice, the author examines the specifics of the application of certain measures of administrative coercion against minors. To solve the identified problems of a legal and organizational nature, proposals for changes to regulatory legal acts are being made.
Implementation of Decisions of the Constitutional Court. Part II: Socio-political Content and Legal Nature
Authors:   Head of the Center for Judicial Law, Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation, retired Judge of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Law, Professor, BONDAR Nikolay Semyonovich , MALYUTIN Nikita Sergeevich ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Constitutional and Municipal Law, Faculty of Law of the Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU); Leading Researcher, Center for Judicial Law, Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation, PhD (Law)
Published: June 2024

Issues of enforceability of court decisions are among the so-called “eternal” problems that require constant attention from both the legislator and law enforcers. This circumstance is largely due to the very nature of the judiciary and its decisions, the presence of special legal mechanisms for the execution of these acts, as well as the importance of the political will of specific subjects of relevant relations to implement the requirements formulated in court decisions. It is obvious that the significance of these factors increases markedly with an increase in the level of the court that makes the appropriate decision. As a result, the greatest difficulty with execution is observed precisely in relation to decisions of higher judicial instances. Meanwhile, due to the special constitutional status of these bodies, it is their practice of implementing decisions that have a significant impact on the national legal order and the legal system itself. Given the broad, complex nature of the relevant issues, the authors offer its analysis in the framework of a publication consisting of two parts, which are two relatively independent articles. This article focuses on the analysis of the socio-political and legal characteristics of the institute for the execution of decisions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation), including in relation to the self-execution of these acts. Issues related to legislative, law enforcement, doctrinal characteristics of the existing mechanisms for the implementation of decisions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation at the federal and sub federal levels, the need to improve them deserve independent attention.
On the Role of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Belarus in the Light of the Constitutional Reforms of 2022
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Constitutional Law Department of the Law Faculty of the Belarusian State University, PhD (Law), MASLOVSKAYA Tatiana Stanislavovna
Published: June 2024

The updated powers of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Belarus are examined in the light of the constitutional reforms of 2022. Close attention is paid to the powers of the Constitutional Court, including it in the legislative, referendum, electoral processes, the process of removing the President from office, and constitutional modernization. The conclusion is drawn about a significant expansion of the scope and transformation of the role of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Belarus.
The Judicial System of the Russian Federation in the Light of the Constitutional Amendments of 2014 and 2020: Problems and Solutions
Authors:   Chief Scientific Officer Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences, retired judge of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Law, Professor, KLEANDROV Mikhail Ivanovich
Published: June 2024

The article analyzes the content of constitutional amendments in relation to the organization of the judiciary. Specific proposals are made to create several completely independent judicial systems with their own Higher (Supreme) courts, the problems of world justice are considered (and a change in the vector of its development is proposed), and the need for bodies with judicial functions below the level of world justice is justified — in sparsely populated territories of the country. In addition, a proposal is being put forward to create a federal judicial authority with state powers similar to those of the bicameral Federal Assembly — for the legislative branch, and the Government of the Russian Federation — for the executive branch.
The Role of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation in Changing the Algorithms of Protest Voting
Authors:   Professor of the Department of Constitutional and Administrative Law, Togliatti State University, Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Law, Professor, BOBROVA Natalya Alekseevna
Published: June 2024

The article discusses protest voting as a type of social protest, Correlation between protest voting and absenteeism, the Influence of the Decisions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation on the Evolution (Development, Improvement, Disappearance) of Different Forms of Protest Voting. Guarantees of protest voting are a constitutional value, which requires the return of the line “Against all” and a 20 percent turnout in the elections.
Presumption of Understanding the Law by its Recipients
Authors:   Lecturer at the Department of Constitutional Law of St. Petersburg State University, PhD (Law), REVAZOV Mikhail Arkadievich
Published: June 2024

The article raises the problem that today insufficient attention is paid to the comprehensibility of the content of normative acts to their addressees — an indefinite circle of people. The clarity of the act is presumed, and in fact it is associated with the proper publication of the normative act. As a result, the “presumption of knowledge of the law” includes issues of clarity of the normative act to the addressees. At the same time, it turns out to be very difficult to refute such a presumption, since the main focus is on compliance with the procedure for publishing the act.
Rules for the Imposition and Payment of Administrative Fines: Current Problems in the Constitutional-Law Context
Authors:   Counsellor of the Secretariat of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, Lecturer of the Department of Administrative and Financial Law, Faculty of Law, St. Petersburg State University, KARITSKAYA Anastasia Andreevna
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of some novelties that were introduced in 2022 into the Code of Administrative Offences of the Russian Federation. These novelties have made quite serious adjustments to the rules for the imposition and execution of administrative penalties in the form of administrative fines, linking the possibility of their application with the identification of an offense during state control (supervision), municipal control. At the same time, the updated norms of the Code (the provisions of Part 34-1 of Article 4.1, part 1 of Article 4.11, part 5 of Article 4.4 and part 13-3 of Article 32.2) were not fully consistent with the legislation on control and supervisory activities. This, in turn, has given rise to ambiguous law enforcement practice, indicating the need for a constitutional-law assessment of these regulations.
The National Rally at Elections in France
Authors:   Head of the Department of Fundamental Legal, Social Disciplines and the Humanities of the Moscow University for Industry and Finance Synergy, PhD (History), Associate Professor, Dolgikh Fedor I.
Published: June 2024

The presidential and then parliamentary elections held in France in 2022 first demonstrated a significant increase in support for the far-right National Association. Both in the presidential and parliamentary elections, this association received the highest results in the entire history of its existence. Extreme right-wing views for a long time left the National Association on the sidelines of the political system, led to its forced isolation. But significant successes in the last elections, the growth of its popularity among voters lead to the transformation of the National Association from an out-of-system party into one of the significant subjects of the political system of modern France, and its competitors will increasingly have to reckon with this.
Platformization of the State: Prerequisites, Essence and Features
Authors:   Head of the Department of Financial Law and Customs of the Law Institute of the Vladimir State University (VlSU), PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Pogodina Irina V.
Published: June 2024

“The government as a platform” metaphor is used to describe a new government paradigm that is a way of delivering public services digitally, engaging a community of partners and citizens to co-design and improve public processes and capabilities, or to apply them for the benefit of society. Modern government has been reorganized under the influence of technology, and special resources have become widespread — platforms that provide information and government services. The platformization process continues to evolve. The article names the factors that influenced this transformation, gives a brief history of the term-metaphor, and describes the essence of the new management model.
The Image of a Law Scientist in the History of National Jurisprudence: On Factors of the Establishment of the Civil Society in Russia
Authors:   Professor of the Department of Theory and History of Law and State of the Omsk Academy of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation, Honored Worker of the Higher School of the Russian Federation, LL.D., Professor, Kozhevina Marina A.
Published: June 2024

The article creates a generalized image of a law scientist within the framework of history of the national legal science, singles out the main professional and personality traits, shows the link to the process of the establishment of the civil society in Russia and the development of the scientific community as part of the civil society.
The Fifth Column? National and Religious Minorities in Bukhara Before and after the Establishment of the Russian Protectorate
Authors:   Professor, Head of the Department of Theory and History of Law and State of the National Research University Higher School of Economics (Saint Petersburg), Doctor of History, PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Pochekaev Roman Yu.
Published: June 2024

Article devoted to analysis of Russian and Western travelers, who visited the Emirate of Bukhara, on national and religious minorities. The evolution of their legal status before and after the establishing of the Russian protectorate, attitude toward authorities of the Emirate and the Empire, place in the social system of the state, professions they occupied (had right to occupy).
Towns of the Russian Federation and Their Contemporary Geography
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of State and Municipal Management of the State University of Management, PhD (Economics), Associate Professor, Sokolova Svetlana V.
Published: June 2024

Among the cities of the Russian Federation, the so-called small cities stand out, constituting the overwhelming majority (72% of the total number of cities). They are present in all federal districts of the country, which makes their study very relevant. Based on the analysis, the author proposes to ps of ‘exceptionally small’ and ‘super-small’ cities within this group, citing criteria for such identification. The work formulates the features of the placement of small and ultra-small cities in federal districts and constituent entities of the Russian Federation, and also assesses the degree of their influence. Classifying a number of ultra-small cities as cities of historical heritage allows us to outline prospects for their preservation and development.
A Digital Urban Dweller: Legal Capacity Issues
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Theory, History, State and Law and International Law of the Moscow International University, PhD (Law), Zadorozhnaya Evgenia V.
Published: June 2024

The article analyzes the problem of regulatory regulation of digital counterparts of citizens in the infosphere of the city, taking into account the potential development of artificial intelligence. The author explores the possibility of recognizing the technical and legal image of a modern city dweller endowed with artificial intelligence, legal fiction and quasi-subject of law.
A Non-Profit Organization as a Social Institution of a Contemporary Russian City (a Sociophilosophical Analysis)
Authors:   Professor of the Department of History and Philosophy of the Cherepovets State University, Doctor of Philosophy, Kasatkina Svetlana S.
Published: June 2024

Non-profit organizations have become an element of modern civil society. As a rule, their activities are concentrated in urban life, forming a vector of social development in solving many social problems. Recently, the non-profit organizations sector in Russia has grown significantly and has begun to occupy a niche of a social institution regulating social demands and expectations. The article analyzes the role of NCOs in urban conditions, examines their constructive importance in the lives of citizens. The author reveals the socio-philosophical context of the influence of non-profit organizations in the development of urban society.
Inter-Municipal Cooperation within the Framework of Transformations of the Territorial Basis of Local Self-Government
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Constitutional and International Law of the Orenburg Institute (Branch) of the Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL), PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Sokolova Anna I.
Published: June 2024

The article notes that the territorial organization of local self-government in Russia determines the need for horizontal interaction or inter-municipal cooperation. At the same time, it is proved that the implementation of various forms and types of inter-municipal cooperation cannot be assessed as sustainably effective, some gaps in the legal regulation of the status of associative inter-municipal associations are noted. The author substantiates the urban or urbanized nature of the absolute majority of unions and associations of municipalities. The individual advantages and disadvantages of agglomerations are evaluated. The assumption is made that the fundamental basis of inter-municipal cooperation is the legal personality of its participants and the corresponding conclusions are formulated about the importance of inter-municipal cooperation for the transformation of the territorial basis of local self-government.
Regionalization of Historical and Architectural Studies on the Example of the Development of the Historical Settlement of Samara
Authors:   Head of the Department of Urban Development of the Samara State Technical University, Doctor of Architecture, Professor, Member of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences, Akhmedova Elena A. , Vavilonskaya Tatyana V. ,   Head of the Department of Reconstruction and Restoration of Architectural Heritage of the Samara State Technical University, Doctor of Architecture, Professor, Adviser of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences
Published: June 2024

The search for ways to solve the problem of achieving a decent quality of the architectural and urban planning environment of Russian cities and settlements is facilitated by a broad professional discussion. For example, in the Middle Volga region, since the 1980s, a large amount of urban planning documentation has been carried out to protect the historical and cultural heritage, primarily the regional capital, Samara. Currently, a major project “Concept of Sustainable Development of the Historical Settlement of Samara” is being developed, which proposes priorities for sustainable development, approaches to combining the protection of cultural heritage sites with selected areas of cost-effective infrastructural and socially-oriented development of the historical settlement of Samara.
The Age of Urban Development (the History of the Research Institute)
Authors:   Chief Project Architect of the Research Institute of Perspective Urban Development, Vargina Tatyana V. , Vyazilova Yulia S. ,   Head of the Department of Territorial and Marine Planning of the Research Institute of Perspective Urban Development
Published: June 2024

The scientific and historical essay reveals the history of the formation and development of one of the oldest research institutes in the field of urban planning in Russia. From the origins of its foundation to the present day, the Institute has gone through a difficult path of development and transformations corresponding to the genesis of social relations, thanks to which it occupies a leading position in the industry.
CALIFORNIA MASTITIS TEST AND IDENTIFICATION OF ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANT BACTERIA ON DAIRY CATTLE IN “KUD” SEMEN GANDUSARI SUBDISTRICT, BLITAR
Authors: RAHMAHANI JOLA , Puspitasari Yulianna , Suwarno
Published: June 2024

Mastitis is an inflammation of the udder that often affects dairy cows in the production phase. The impact of mastitis losses is quite large, including a drastic decrease in milk quantity and quality. Mastitis can be caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria in dairy cows, including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp or Streptococcus spp. The results of a recent study stated that the prevalence of mastitis in Indonesia reached 83%. The Coliform Mastitis Test (CMT), used worldwide for early detection of mastitis, has a specificity of 80.6% and a sensitivity of 82.4%. Semen Village Unit Cooperative (KUD) is a cooperative that is the center of milk production in Blitar District, which accommodates the milk of dairy cows from smallholder farms in Blitar District. The high incidence of mastitis caused by the presence of bacteria resistant to antibiotics encourages counseling on mastitis and identifying bacteria that cause antibiotic resistance. Extension activities are carried out by presenting material about mastitis caused by the presence of bacteria resistant to antibiotics with lecture techniques (PowerPoint slides), videos, questions, and answers, and demonstrating the California Mastitis Test on milk samples as an early detection test, as well as identifying bacteria that cause antibiotic resistance. This series of counseling activities is an effort to reduce the incidence of mastitis through increased knowledge and understanding of the community.
INTRODUCING AQUAPONIC AS THE URBAN FARMING MODEL FOR STUDENT’S KNOWLEDGE
Authors: Hanum Isfaeni  , Naufal Ma'arif  , Muhammad Zaki Ananda  , Sayyid Izzudin Muslimin  , Reza Dino Mahardika  , Galang Adi Fathriko
Published: June 2024

The introduction of aquaponics through interesting learning media is expected to instill good knowledge in students about aquaponics. Technological devices, plants and animals in the aquaponic system which are used as learning media in several subjects or fields of study. One of the efforts in developing learning that attracts the interest and motivation of students is learning media. Learning media is one of the important learning components in the learning process, because learning media can increase students' interest and motivation in learning. The introduction of aquaponics as an interesting learning medium is expected to instill good knowledge in students (the younger generation), especially in the activities of developing modern agriculture or animal husbandry in urban areas. This activity was attended by 18 students and 1 accompanying teacher. Activities carried out through the method of discussion and demonstration (demonstration) of the aquaponic system.
Comprehensive Overview of Medicinal Plants Utilized for Treatment of Skin Disorders
Authors: Anish Chandy
Published: June 2024

This thorough analysis examines observational data on herbal treatments for skin problems, with a focus on calendula, aloe vera, and chamomile's anti-inflammatory qualities for the treatment of psoriasis and eczema. The antibacterial and antifungal properties of neem and turmeric are recognized for their efficacy in treating acne. The antibacterial properties of lavender and tea tree oil, in conjunction with the adaptogenic properties of ginseng and ashwagandha, aid in the treatment of a variety of skin conditions. The study highlights a move toward the integration of herbal remedies and stresses the need of comprehending the interactions between various substances and botanical synergy. Although encouraging, each person's reaction may be different, so speaking with medical specialists is necessary to develop a personalized treatment plan that works. This abstract supports the use of herbal treatments in skincare in a well-rounded and knowledgeable manner, acknowledging its potential to offer natural solutions for diverse skin disorders.