bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of Learning Strategies, Orientations and Conceptions of Learning of First-year Medical Students in a Traditional and an Innovative Curriculum
Authors: Marambe Kosala N , Athuraliya T Nimmi C , Vermunt Jan D , Boshuizen Henny PA
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Students adapt their learning strategies, orientations and conceptions to differences in the learning environment. The new curriculum of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka, which commenced in 2005, puts greater emphasis on student-centred learning. The aim of this study was to compare the learning strategies, orientations and conceptions measured by means of a validated Sri Lankan version of the Inventory of Learning Styles (ILS) at the end of the first academic year for a traditional curriculum student group and a new curriculum student group.

Materials and Methods: The Adyayana Rata Prakasha Malawa (ARPM) 130-item Sinhala version of the ILS was administered to students of the traditional curriculum and the new curriculum at the end of their first academic year respectively. Mean scale scores of the 2 groups were compared using independent sample t-test.

Results: Students of the new curriculum reported the use of critical processing, concrete processing and memorising and rehearsing strategies significantly more than those in the traditional curriculum group. With respect to learning orientations, personal interest scores were significantly higher for the new curriculum students while reporting of ambiguity was significantly lower among them.

Conclusion: The results favour the assumption that changes made to the organisation of subject content and instructional and assessment methods have a positive impact on students’ use of learning strategies and motivation.

Key words: Innovative curriculum, Learning strategies, Orientations, Traditional curriculum
The Implementation of Analytical Hierarchy Process to Choose the Best Solution to Increase Mould Maker Profit
Authors:   School of Business and Management, Bandung Institute of Technology, Erick Simon , Wasesa Meditya ,   School of Business and Management, Bandung Institute of Technology
Published: February 2023

Mould Maker is a company that buy and sell machine for their main business activity. Mould maker have long time machine waiting time to be sold and have low profit margin. The longer the time taken by a machine to be sold, the higher the maintenance cost for the machine. Besides, Mould Maker always purchase machines for their stock in every offer that comes to Mould Maker, so they have overstocked machine in their workshop. With many and vary type of machines that they have, Mould Maker can utilize the machines to increase their profit margin. Mould Maker have good business environment from the external factor analysis. As for internal analysis, Mould Maker still have room for improvement, some of them are the number of their stock and the number for decision maker. Caused by their low profit margin, Mould Maker cannot hire high value employee to be one of the decision makers. The problem that Mould Maker face is how to improve their profit by utilizing the machines that they have. Further analysis needed to solve this problem. The SWOT analysis used to find some strategies and need to be fit with the problem faced by Mould maker. The strategies that able to be implemented are rent their machine, accepting manufacture order, improving stock policy, boost marketing strategy, and purchasing car to help Mould Maker to sell their product. From the strategy alternatives, AHP method is used to choose the best strategy. With AHP method, the best solution can be chosen by considering the value from each consideration criteria. For this research, the best solution proposed by AHP method is to accept manufacture order.
Stock Valuation and Business Performances of Indonesia Health Care Provider Company after Post Covid 19 Pandemics (Case Study of PT. Medikaloka Hermina, Tbk.)
Authors:   School of Business Management Institute Technology of Bandung, Ariyanto Raditya Tri , Damayanti Sylviana Maya ,   School of Business Management Institute Technology of Bandung
Published: February 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic caused a contraction in the Indonesian economy, as evidenced by the large number of layoffs, and several companies had to declare bankruptcy, but this did not occur for companies engaged in health services, including hospitals. The large number of Indonesians infected with the Covid-19 virus caused hospitals to experience an increase in inpatient admissions, which accelerated the hospitals’ financial performance in a very short period of time. PT Mediloka Hermina, Tbk (HEAL) is a private hospital with the greatest number of branches in Indonesia, all of which are impacted by the Covid-19 pandemic. This is also a positive sentiment among stock investors, as they perceive the health industry sector to have very promising future prospects. Several listed hospital company on the IDX have seen their share prices increase significantly over the past year, including PT. Mediloka Hermina, Tbk, whose share price increased by 197 percent between 23 March 2020 and 23 March 2021. This made the author curious about PT Mediloka Hermina, Tbk’s stock valuation and whether its shares are classified as overvalued or undervalued. This study utilizes secondary data obtained from the annual report of PT. Mediloka Hermina, Tbk as well as idx.co.id and stockbit.com, among others. The data was processed with the absolute valuation method (Discounted Cash Flow) and the relative valuation method (Relative Value) in mind (EV EBITDA and Price Earnings to Ratio). Using the Discounted Cash Flow model, the company’s intrinsic value is IDR 452.80 per share. It has a safety margin of -135 percent relative to the per-share market price of IDR 1,065 as of 31 December 2021. The intrinsic value per share is 688 IDR based on the relative price-to-earnings ratio and relative valuation EV EBITDA of 7.21. Following the evaluation procedure. The author may determine the relationship between HEAL’s fundamental company and its stock price growth.
Growth Hack Service Framework for Boleh Dicoba Digital Company Based on Growth Hacking Framework and Value Co-Creation Framework
Authors:   Master of Business Administration, School of Business and Management Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia, 40132, Atika Hadiyanti Ainun , Nasution Reza Ashari ,   Master of Business Administration, School of Business and Management Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia, 40132
Published: February 2023

BDD growth hack service practice is close to Bohnsack and Liesner (2019) and Kohtamäki & Rajala (2016) growth hack framework but lacking in data analysis and testing. The author suggested a new framework that combines the growth hack framework and the value co-creation framework. New operational instructions include value creation agreements and A/B testing based on comparative analysis. BDD should also remind clients about value creation and discuss value in exchange and value in use assignments. The new framework should increase service quality and resource availability of BDD growth hack service.
Potencial anti-inflamatório, antioxidante e regenerativo de metabólitos secundários de Brassicaceae na pele: uma revisão sistemática
Authors:   , Mattosinhos Patricia da Silva
Published: February 2023

A família Brassicaceae constitui um grupo que abriga numerosos gêneros de plantas herbáceas e nos últimos anos vem ganhando notoriedade devido a suas propriedades anti- inflamatórias, antioxidantes e pró-regenerativas, bem como sua ampla distribuição em todo o mundo. Baseado nisto, na presente proposta avaliamos eficácia da família Brassicaceae no tratamento de doenças inflamatórias cutâneas e feridas de pele, com base em evidências pré- clínicas de estudos in vivo e in vitro usando uma revisão metodológica. Assim, construímos uma revisão sistemática seguindo as orientações do guia Prisma (2020) e realizamos uma busca estruturada nas plataformas PubMed-Medline, Scopus e Web of Science. Foram usados os seguintes critérios de elegibilidade: estudos pré-clínicos que investigaram o efeito da família Brassicaceae em distúrbios cutâneos. A qualidade metodológica dos estudos individuais foi feita usando a ferramenta padronizadas RoB SYRCLE adaptada para evidência pré-clínica. Nossos resultados mostraram que a exposição da pele a compostos obtidos a partir da família Brassicaceae têm impactos positivos sobre o processo de reparo cutâneo, em especial na regulação da fase inflamatória, diminuindo o edema tecidual e consequentemente acelerando o processo de recuperação do tecido cutâneo. Além disto, nossos resultados mostraram que a família Brassicaceae tem atividade antioxidante reduzindo a produção de mieloperoxidase e consequentemente a diminuição da expressão de enzimas antioxidantes. Os compostos presentes na família Brassicaceae promoveram redução na via do fator nuclear kappa β (NFκβ), importante via envolvida no processo de oxi-inflamação durante as lesões cutâneas. Os metabólitos secundários comumente descritos nos estudos individuais foram: polifenóis (68,75%; n = 11), terpenos/carotenoides (31,25%); n = 5) e glicosilatos (25%; n = 4), e a eles foi atribuído o potencial antioxidante e anti-inflamatório relatado nos estudos individuais incluidos nesta revisão. Nossos resultados também mostraram que a evidência atual é confiável, pois a análise da qualidade metodológica dos estudos mostrou baixo risco de viés. Baseado nisto, nossa revisão mostrou que os compostos derivados da família Brassicaceae apresentam um elevado potencial para tratar doenças inflamatórias da pele, diminuir o edema e acelerar a cicatrização de feridas cutâneas. Esperamos que nossa análise crítica possa ajudar os tomadores de decisão nesta área e agilizar pesquisas clínicas sobre o uso de compostos obtidos de Brassicaceae para o tratamento de patologias cutâneas. O número de registro na plataforma Prospero é CRD42021262953. Palavras-chave: Brassicaceae. Inflamação. Murino. Células epiteliais. Citocinas. Mediadores inflamatórios. Edema. Reparo cutâneo. Lesões de pele.
Postural balance strategies for experienced rhythmic gymnasts in two-legged stands
Authors: Konovalova L. A. , Vasiljev R. , Lysenko L. G.
Published: February 2023

Objective: The purpose of this study was to find out the indicators of the distribution of plantar pressure in the two-legged stands with open and closed eyes in experienced rhythmic gymnasts.

Materials and methods: 31 highly qualified gymnasts (candidates and masters of sports of Russia), age 18.5 ± 0.5 years, experience in rhythmic gymnastics 13.5 ± 1.5, performed three upright postures on the footscan ® podometric platform of RSscan: the main stand, a modified Romberg test with open and closed eyes. Postural control was assessed by quantifying the plantar pressure (P%) in relation to 4 zones of the right and left foot and the trajectory of the movement of the center of pressure (CP) over time intervals.

Results: The results of the study showed the presence of a right-sided distribution of plantar pressure in two-legged stands in experienced gymnasts. The regulation of posture occurs mainly in the anterior-posterior direction, but has different strategies for managing balance. The sagittal-cross pattern determines the interaction of plantar pressure between the right and left feet in the basic pose. The Romberg test with open eyes (EO) and closed eyes (EC) characterizes sagittal-parallel and sagittal-asymmetric balance, respectively. We revealed an increase in the vibrations of the gymnast's body in the absence of visual information for only the first 12 seconds.

Conclusions: We have identified a variety of combinations of two types of strategies while maintaining posture in simple poses. This indicates the ability of experienced gymnasts to fine-tune the postural stability, including in the absence of visual information.
Применение кольпоскопии как диагностический метод для раннего выявления заболеваний шейки матки
Authors: Рухиддинова Назира , Ахмедова Нилюфар
Published: February 2023

В данной статье освещены результаты простой и расширенной кольпоскопии, проведённой у 224 женщин репродуктивного возраста, которые обращались с различными гинекологическими заболеваниями.
ANÁLISE EXPLORATÓRIA DOS WICKED PROBLEMS E A AGENDA 2030 PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL
Authors: Rochadel Willian , Watanabe-Wilbert Julieta Kaoru , De Souza João Artur , Minervi Nivaldo
Published: February 2023

Wicked problems caracterizam-se pela diversidade de facetas a serem analisadas com o envolvimento de múltiplos atores para a sua resolução. Menções de autores de que a academia apresenta pouco alinhamento com organismos governamentais que tratam da questão motivou os autores a buscarem evidências para tais afirmações. Para isso, analisou-se a associação de publicações científicas aos ODS da Agenda 2030 por meio de revisão de literatura integrativa e agrupamento de publicações em temas obtidos por análise semântica. Os resultados demonstram que a academia se preocupa com temas aplicados à realidade social, mesmo sem a associação explícita entre wicked problems e ODS nos textos analisados.
A RELEVÂNCIA DO CAPITAL SOCIAL PARA A GESTÃO DO CONHECIMENTO: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Barbosa de Oliveira Rita de Cássia , Cunico Letícia
Published: February 2023

O capital social mantém um inerente vínculo com a gestão do conhecimento, poisfunciona como mediador, principalmente nos processos de criação e compartilhamento doconhecimento, tanto no ambiente organizacional quanto no contexto das relações sociais. Opropósito desta revisão integrativa é sintetizar o arcabouço literário referente à relevância do capital social para a gestão do conhecimento. Uma pesquisa na base de dados Scopus entre 2015 e 2020 foi conduzida para identificar informações que atendam a relação entre os termos citados. Em sua maioria os trabalhos abordaram o capital social por meio dos vínculos de confiança, regras de reciprocidade e de solidariedade, normas e sistemas, que possibilitam aos indivíduos alcançarem benefícios e vantagens nas diversas estruturas sociais. Verificou-se uma lacuna de trabalhos em relação a avaliações e métricas relacionadas aos dois temas.
A SUSTENTABILIDADE EM ÓRGÃOS PÚBLICOS: O CASO DOS TRIBUNAIS DE CONTAS BRASILEIROS
Authors: Schnitzler Edimeia Liliani , Bellato Rita Lucia , Pagno da Silva da Rosa Mônica , Soriano Sierra Eduardo Juan
Published: February 2023

Motivados pelo interesse em realizar previsões acerca do cumprimento da sustentabilidade em Órgãos Públicos no que tange às metas determinadas pela Legislação vigente em sustentabilidade a presente pesquisa, fez-se uso de uma pesquisa de revisão sistemática da literatura sobre sustentabilidade em órgãos públicos no Brasil. Os resultados permitiram demonstrar que é viável prever se uma instituição pública irá extrapolar as metas impostas pela lei, informação que condiciona os Tribunais de Contas a atuar de forma proativa, tornando mais efetivas as atividades de fiscalização na área da sustentabilidade.
Rapid Pitting of Copper Tube from Deposits of Cathodic Manganese in Hot Water Systems: Mechanism and Effects of Water Chemistry
Authors: Wait Kory , Roy Siddhartha , Edwards Marc A.
Published: February 2023

A large building with water frequently above 65°C experienced at least 300 leaks in a hot water recirculating line. The leaks were unusual, as they occurred along the very top of horizontal pipes that were heavily coated with iron and manganese sediment on the bottom half of the pipe. This etiology of the leaks is inconsistent with under-deposit corrosion but consistent with a previously hypothesized mechanism of chemistry-related hot water pitting. We verify this mechanism for the first time by: (1) developing a macrocell setup to test the proposed anodic and cathodic reaction and (2) determining how water chemistry can promote or inhibit this form of nonuniform corrosion. The macrocell demonstrated that copper or stainless steel coated with manganese oxides were highly cathodic relative to an anodic exposed copper surface. Pitting current densities as high as 200 µA/cm2 were found in the worst-case conditions at pH 8.2 in waters with a high ratio of sulfate to bicarbonate. High levels of silica inhibited pitting corrosion currents, but orthophosphate inhibitors did not. No iron oxide coatings tested in this work had cathodic tendencies.
The Effect of Unilateral and Bilateral Leg Press Training on Lower Body Strength and Power and Athletic Performance in Adolescent Rugby Players
Authors: Zhao Xiang , Turner Anthony , Sproule John , Phillips Shaun
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to compare the effects of 5 weeks of unilateral and bilateral leg press training on lower body strength, linear sprinting and vertical jumping performance in adolescent rugby players. Twenty-six male adolescent rugby players (age = 15.3 ± 0.4 years) were assigned to unilateral (n = 9), bilateral (n = 9), and control (n = 8) groups. Training consisted of either the unilateral or the bilateral leg press twice weekly over five weeks, with the control group maintaining habitual training. Lower body unilateral and bilateral strength, vertical jump, and linear sprint performance were assessed before and after training. After 5 weeks of training, both training groups significantly increased the 5-repetition maximum bilateral leg press (unilateral = 8.9%, d = 0.53; bilateral = 10.9%, d = 0.55, p < .01) and the 5-repetition maximum unilateral leg press (unilateral = 20.2%, d = 0.81; bilateral = 12.4%, d = 0.45, p < .01). There was no significant difference between the size of improvement in unilateral and bilateral groups in the 5-repetition maximum bilateral leg press, but the 5-repetition maximum unilateral leg press increased significantly more in the unilateral group (p < .05). No significant training effects were found for vertical jump or linear sprint performance. The results indicated that unilateral leg press training was as effective as bilateral leg press training in improving bilateral strength and more effective in improving unilateral strength in adolescent rugby players. However, strength improvement did not transfer to athletic performance improvements in either group.
A STUDY ON POVERTY CONCEPTS AND PERSPECTIVES: CONCEPTUAL PAPER
Authors: Md Mansur Kasim , Pengiran Bagul Awangku Hassanal Bahar , Yusof Remali , Liew-Tsonis Janie , Husin Rosazman , Mail Rasid , Mulok Dullah , Mahmud Roslinah , Pazim Khairul Hanim , Lee Andy Chen Hiung , Ramlan Wijaya Kamal , Toh Pei Sung
Published: February 2023

The concept of poverty is subjective and it varies in many perspectives based on the indicators used. The objective of the study is to determine the concept and definition of poverty through exploring the collection of poverty definitions from different sources in order to set its own standardized of operational poverty definitions. This exploratory study will be based on qualitative research methodology. The output of study provides with a clear concept of poverty definition.Â
HIỆU QUẢ SỬ DỤNG SẢN PHẨM DINH DƯỠNG ĐƯỜNG UỐNG ĐỐI VỚI TÌNH TRẠNG DINH DƯỠNG Ở TRẺ 24 -59 THÁNG TUỔI TẠI TỈNH THÁI NGUYÊN
Authors: Nguyễn Song Tú , Phan Thị Định , Trần Thúy Nga , Nguyễn Thúy Anh , Đỗ Thúy Lê
Published: February 2023

Suy dinh dưỡng trẻ em dưới 5 tuổi, đặc biệt là thể gầy còm góp phần làm tăng nguy cơ tử vong ở trẻ. Nghiên cứu thử nghiệm can thiệp cộng đồng ngẫu nhiên, có đối chứng được tiến hành năm 2020 trên 603 trẻ từ 24 – 59 tháng tuổi có z-score cân nặng theo chiều cao (WHZ) < - 0,5, sử dụng sản phẩm dinh dưỡng cao năng lượng (cung cấp 459 kcal/ngày), có tăng cường vi chất dinh dưỡng nhằm đánh giá hiệu quả sử dụng sản phẩm đối với tình trạng dinh dưỡng. Sau 3 tháng can thiệp, cân nặng và chiều cao trung bình nhóm can thiệp tăng tương ứng (1,07 ± 0,49 kg và 2,01 ± 0,63 cm) nhóm can thiệp so với (0,71 ± 0,46 kg và 1,64 ± 0,55 cm) ở nhóm chứng (p<0,01); Sự thay đổi chỉ số Z - score (cân nặng theo tuổi, cân nặng theo chiều cao, chiều cao theo tuổi) ở nhóm can thiệp tăng lên có ý nghĩa thống kê so với nhóm chứng (p<0,001); tỷ lệ suy dinh dưỡng và nguy cơ suy dinh dưỡng gầy còm (WHZ <-1) giảm khác biệt giữa nhóm can thiệp so với nhóm chứng (p < 0,01). Vì vậy, sử dụng sản phẩm dinh dưỡng đường uống cao năng lượng, tăng cường vi chất dinh dưỡng vào bữa ăn hàng ngày sẽ góp phần cải thiện tình trạng dinh dưỡng gầy còm ở trẻ mầm non.
ĐÁNH GIÁ TÌNH TRẠNG BIẾN ĐỔI NHÃN ÁP TRÊN BỆNH NHÂN CHẤN THƯƠNG ĐỤNG DẬP NHÃN CẦU
Authors: Lê Quang Huy , Phạm Thu Minh
Published: February 2023

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá tình trạng biến đổi nhãn áp trên bệnh nhân chấn thương đụng dập nhãn cầu. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: nghiên cứu mổ tả cắt ngang trên 43 mắt chấn thương đụng dập nhãn cầu của 43 bệnh nhân đến khám và nhập viện tại khoa Chấn thương mắt – Bệnh viện Mắt Trung Ương từ 12/2021 đến 5/2022. Kết quả: Tỷ lệ nam/nữ trong nghiên cứu xấp xỉ 5,5/1. Tuổi trung bình của bệnh nhân nghiên cứu là 43,56±16,83 (cao tuổi nhất là 73 tuổi, ít tuổi nhất là 8 tuổi). Nhóm tuổi từ 18-60 có tỷ lệ chấn thương cao nhất (74,4%), đây là nhóm trong độ tuổi lao động. Đa số bệnh nhân có hoàn cảnh chấn thương tai nạn lao động, chiếm 55,8%. Cơ chế chấn thương chủ yếu là trực tiếp, chiếm 93%, chỉ có 7% là chấn thương gián tiếp. Phần lớn bệnh nhân đến viện trong tình trạng thị lực rất kém, nhóm thị lực < ĐNT 1m chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất với 62,8% (27/43), tiếp đến là nhóm thị lực từ ĐNT 1m đến ≤ 20/70 chiếm 35% (15/43), 1 trường hợp mất thị lực và không có trường hợp nào thị lực ≥ 20/50. Tại thời điểm bệnh nhân đến viện có 8 mắt hạ nhãn áp (18,6%), 8 mắt trong giới hạn bình thường (18,6%) và 27 mắt tăng nhãn áp (62,8%). Trong nghiên cứu của chúng tôi, chấn thương đụng dập gây ra tổn thương cho nhiều thành phần nhãn cầu gây nên tình trạng biến đổi nhãn áp, trong đó xuất huyết tiền phòng chiếm 48,9% (21/43), xuất huyết dịch kính là 34,9% (15/43), tổn thương góc tiền phòng có 30 mắt chiếm 69,8%, tổn thương thể thủy tinh với 76,7% (33/43) và bong thể mi chỉ có 13,9% (6/43). Kết luận: Chấn thương đụng dập nhãn cầu gây tổn thương cho nhiều thành phần trong nhãn cầu ở nhiều mức độ khác nhau và từ đó gây ra tình trạng biến đổi nhãn áp phức tạp trên mắt bị chấn thương.
NGHIÊN CỨU ĐẶC ĐIỂM MỘT SỐ CHỈ SỐ DẪN TRUYỀN THẦN KINH NGOẠI VI CHI DƯỚI Ở NGƯỜI ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG TÍP 2
Authors: Nguyễn Đình Tùng , Nguyễn Thị Hạnh , Nguyễn Minh Núi
Published: February 2023

Bệnh lý thần kinh đái tháo đường gồm nhiều biểu hiện do tăng glucose máu mạn tính dẫn đến mất myelin của sợi thần kinh, mất chức năng dẫn truyền. Nghiên cứu làm rõ các đặc điểm một số chỉ số dẫn truyền thần kinh của dây thần kinh ngoại vi chi dưới và tình trạng tổn thương thần kinh ngoại vi ở bệnh nhân đái tháo đường típ 2 để phát hiện sớm, can thiệp kịp thời. Kết quả cho thấy: Tổn thương dây thần kinh chày phải, chày trái, mác nông phải, mác nông trái lần lượt là 67,21%, 68,85%, 19,7 %, 17,2%; Tổn thương dây thần kinh mác phải bằng dây thần kinh mác trái: 86,7%. Dây thần kinh chày, dây thần kinh chày mác, dây thần kinh chày mác nông: thời gian tiềm tàng tăng, biên độ đáp ứng giảm, tốc độ dẫn truyền giảm. Không có sự khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê về các chỉ số dẫn truyền thần kinh chày, dây thần kinh chày mác, dây thần kinh chày mác nông giữa bên phải và bên trái. Các dây thần kinh chày phải, chày trái, mác nông có biểu hiện bất thường theo các tỉ lệ khác khau ở người đái tháo đường.
Heavy snowfall event over the Swiss Alps: did wind shear impact secondary ice production?
Authors: Dedekind Zane , Grazioli Jacopo , Austin Philip H. , Lohmann Ulrike
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The change in wind direction and speed with height, referred to as vertical wind shear, causes enhanced turbulence in the atmosphere. As a result, there are enhanced interactions between ice particles that break up during collisions in clouds which could cause heavy snowfall. For example, intense dual-polarization Doppler signatures in conjunction with strong vertical wind shear were observed by an X-band weather radar during a wintertime high-intensity precipitation event over the Swiss Alps. An enhancement of differential phase shift (Kdp>1∘ km−1) around −15 ∘C suggested that a large population of oblate ice particles was present in the atmosphere. Here, we show that ice–graupel collisions are a likely origin of this population, probably enhanced by turbulence. We perform sensitivity simulations that include ice–graupel collisions of a cold frontal passage to investigate whether these simulations can capture the event better and whether the vertical wind shear had an impact on the secondary ice production (SIP) rate. The simulations are conducted with the Consortium for Small-scale Modeling (COSMO), at a 1 km horizontal grid spacing in the Davos region in Switzerland. The rime-splintering simulations could not reproduce the high ice crystal number concentrations, produced too large ice particles and therefore overestimated the radar reflectivity. The collisional-breakup simulations reproduced both the measured horizontal reflectivity and the ground-based observations of hydrometeor number concentration more accurately (∼20 L−1). During 14:30–15:45 UTC the vertical wind shear strengthened by 60 % within the region favorable for SIP. Calculation of the mutual information between the SIP rate and vertical wind shear and updraft velocity suggests that the SIP rate is best predicted by the vertical wind shear rather than the updraft velocity. The ice–graupel simulations were insensitive to the parameters in the model that control the size threshold for the conversion from ice to graupel and snow to graupel.
Retrieval of microphysical parameters of monsoonal rain using X-band dual-polarization radar: their seasonal dependence and evaluation
Authors: Abhijeet Kumar , Rao Thota Narayana , Rao Nidamanuri Rama , Jyothi Kasimahanthi Amar
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Multiyear measurements from a Joss–Waldvogel disdrometer (5 years) and X-band dual-polarization radar (2 years) made at Gadanki (13.5∘ N, 79.18∘ E), a low-latitude station, are used to (i) retrieve appropriate raindrop size distribution (DSD) relations for monsoonal rain, (ii) understand their dependency on temperature, the raindrop size shape model and season and (iii) assess polarimetric radar DSD retrievals by various popular techniques (the exponential (Exp), constrained Gamma (CG), normalized Gamma (N-Gamma) and β methods). The coefficients obtained for different DSD relations for monsoonal rain are found to be different from those of existing relations elsewhere. The seasonal variation in DSD is quite large and significant, and as a result, the coefficients also vary considerably between the seasons. The slope of the drop size–shape relation, assumed to be constant in several
studies, varies considerably between the seasons, with warmer seasons showing a smaller slope value than the cold season. It is found that the constant (0.062)
used in linear drop shape models is valid only for the cold season. The derived coefficients for the CG method for different seasons coupled with those available in the literature reveal that the warm seasons/regions typically
have larger curvature and slope values than in the cold seasons/regions. The coefficients of the mass-weighted mean diameter (Dm) and differential reflectivity (ZDR) exhibit a strong dependency on the drop shape model, while those for the derivation intercept parameter exhibit a strong seasonal dependency. Using the retrieved relations and X-band polarimetric radar at Gadanki, four popular DSD methods are evaluated against disdrometer
measurements collected over 12 events. All the methods estimated Dm reasonably well with the small root mean square error but failed to estimate the intercept parameter accurately. Only the N-gamma method estimated the normalized intercept parameter reasonably. Problems associated with specific differential-phase (KDP)-based estimates close to the radar location, particularly during overhead convection, are also discussed.
The Role of Response Efficacy and Self-efficacy in Disaster Preparedness Actions for Vulnerable Households
Authors: Qiu Dong , Lv Binglin , Cui Yuepeng , Zhan Zexiong
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The effects of response efficacy and self-efficacy on disaster preparedness have been widely reported. However, most studies only prove their relationship to disaster preparedness in general terms without ascertaining whether they also variously impact the disaster preparedness of diverse vulnerable families (i.e., caring for older/disabled adults (COD), caring for a child (CC), and low capacity (LC)). In this study, disaster preparedness is divided into two dependent variables: adequate and minimal preparedness. A quantitative analysis was conducted using 4559 samples drawn from the 2021 National Household Survey to investigate the relationship between response efficacy and self-efficacy with preparedness measures adopted by vulnerable households. Binary logistic regression results indicated that households with vulnerable groups are generally more likely to report lower disaster preparedness. Response efficacy is more critical to LC and COD families, while self-efficacy is more important to LC and CC families. Based on these findings, interventions can be tailored to suit different family types and help vulnerable families better prepare for disasters.
Using the two-way nesting technique AGRIF with MARS3D V11.2 to improve hydrodynamics and estimate environmental indicators
Authors: Petton Sébastien , Garnier Valérie , Caillaud Matthieu , Debreu Laurent , Dumas Franck
Published: February 2023

Abstract. In the ocean, mesoscale or submesoscale structures and coastal processes are associated with fine scales. The simulation of such features thus requires the hydrodynamic equations to be solved at high-resolution (from a few hundred meters down to a few tens of meters). Therefore, local mesh refinement is a primary issue for regional and coastal modeling. The AGRIF
(adaptive grid refinement in Fortran) library is committed to tackling such
a challenge for structured grids. It has been implemented in MARS3D (Model for Application at Regional Scale), a semi-implicit, free-surface numerical model developed by Ifremer (the French Research Institute for Exploitation of the Sea) for coastal environmental research and studies. As its time scheme uses an alternating-direction implicit (ADI) algorithm, the two-way nesting implementation differs from the one in explicit models. The present paper describes the specifics of the AGRIF introduction and how the nesting preserves some essential properties (mass, momentum and tracer conservations) along with the induced constraints (bathymetric coherence between grids and increase in computation cost). The use and the performance of this new tool are detailed over two configurations that illustrate the wide range of scales and resolutions typically targeted by coastal applications. The first one is based on multiple high-resolution
(500 m) grids that pave the coastal ocean over thousands of kilometers,
allowing a continuum between the regional and coastal scales. The second
application is more local and has a finer resolution (50 m). It targets a
recurrent question for semi-enclosed bays, i.e., the renewal time indicator. Throughout these configurations, the paper intends to compare the two-way nesting method with the traditional one-way approach. It highlights how the MARS3D-AGRIF tool proves to be an efficient way to both improve the physical hydrodynamics and unravel ecological challenges.
Aerial observations of sea ice breakup by ship waves
Authors: Dumas-Lefebvre Elie , Dumont Dany
Published: February 2023

Abstract. We provide high-resolution in situ observations of wave-induced sea ice breakup in the natural environment. In order to obtain such data, a drone was deployed from the Canadian Coast Guard ship Amundsen as it sailed in the vicinity of large ice floes in Baffin Bay and in the St. Lawrence Estuary, Canada. The footage recorded during these experiments was used to obtain the floe size distribution (FSD) and the temporal evolution of the breakup. Floe-area-weighted FSDs exhibit a modal shape, indicating that a preferential size is generated by wave-induced breakup. Furthermore, the increase of the mode of the distribution with greater thickness indicates that ice thickness plays a defined role in determining the preferential size. Comparison with relevant theory suggests that the maximum floe size is dictated not only by the ice rigidity but also by the incident wavelength. It was also observed that the in-ice wavelength is smaller than the estimated incident wavelength, suggesting that waves responsible for the breakup obey mass loading dispersion. The fact that the breakup advances almost as fast as the wave energy suggests that fatigue might not have been an important physical component during the experiments. Moreover, the observed breakup extents show that thicker ice can attenuate waves less than thinner ice. Overall, this dataset provides key information on wave-induced sea ice breakup and highlights the potential for better understanding the physics of natural sea ice in response to waves.
Student Perspectives on E-Learning in a Malaysian Medical College One Year into the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kong Sylvia Wei Wei , Yong Jade Lene , Cheong Sabrina Pei Yee , Ong Edmund Liang Chai
Published: February 2023

Background: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, physical in-person classes in Newcastle University Medicine Malaysia (NUMed) were replaced with e-learning. Teaching in NUMed was being delivered online during COVID-19 pandemic for the last one and a half academic years (18 March 2020 – June 2021) due to the strict lockdowns and physical distancing measures in place, limited in-person sessions on campus, and disrupted hospital attachments. There was concern over the effectiveness and satisfaction with e-learning amongst our students, and how this affects their overall academic performance. Our study aims to explore students’ e-learning experiences and its perceived benefits and challenges during the pandemic.

Methods: 285 students participated in this cross-sectional study using a convenience sampling method. Participants completed a self-administered online questionnaire via an email invitation between July 12th and August 12th, 2021 which comprised of sociodemographic characteristics and experiences with e-learning. The data was analysed using descriptive statistics and Spearman’s correlation tests were used to identify correlation between students’ e-learning experiences, the effects of e-learning, and academic performance.

Results: Most students used laptops (n=275, 96.5%) for e-learning and owned at least two electronic devices (n=245, 86%). Over half of our students (n=148, 51.9%) reported their theoretical knowledge remains unchanged, while about three-quarters (n=213, 74.7%) perceived practical skills to have worsened. Students preferred paper-based exams (n=170, 59.6%) and objectively formatted online exams (n=193, 67.7%). Since transitioning to e-learning, the majority of students (n=207, 72.6%) reported difficulties studying online and were unsatisfied with their academic performance (n=166, 58.2%). Students preferred e-learning due to the lower risk of contracting COVID-19 (n=256, 89.8%), the convenience of online classes (n=244, 85.6%) and flexible schedules (n=219, 76.8%). However, the lack of patient contact (n=236, 82.8%), lecturer and peer interactions (n=234, 82.1%), and unreliable internet (n=201, 70.5%) made e-learning challenging. Students’ experiences were generally affected by multiple factors encompassing personal, lecturer, and environmental aspects.

Conclusion: E-learning during the COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted students’ academic performance, particularly practical skills and performance satisfaction. Therefore, the university should look towards addressing e-learning constraints and providing adequate support to improve students’ educational experiences in the ongoing pandemic.
The Legitimization of Gender Bias in Selected English Proverbs
Authors: Omar Aziz Mohsen  , Mohammed Badea Ahmed
Published: February 2023

The study of language and gender reveals how language works as a symbolic tool to construct and preserve personal, social, and cultural aspects and identities, going beyond merely documenting the distinctions between men's and women's linguistic patterns. Thus, it is better to tackle proverbs as data for being loaded with important themes, mainly, gender inequality and prejudiced views.The paper is achieved from the thesis of Ideologies behind Gender Bias in Selected English and Arabic Proverbs: A Pragma-Critical Discourse Analysis, as a requirement to be proposed to the Examining Committee.The study attempts to examine sexist proverbs pragmatically to prove the legitimation of the ideological aspects of gender bias in terms of speech act. This leads to a major aim the study sets in advance, which is to refute the concept of gender neutrality.The research hypothesizes: 1. Proverbs are performative speech acts. Proverbial speech acts both constitute and instigate gender discrimination. 2. Gender bias is legitimized in the proverbial discourse that blocks the way towards gender neutrality.The analysis concludes: (1) Proverbs provide insight into gender dynamics in terms of locutions and lexical triggers (father, mother, etc.). Proverbs are discriminatory speech acts in which hate, and discrimination are promoted and instigated by the social and traditional authorities. (2) Gender bias and the ideologies behind it are legitimized in proverbs by the social authority like, the personal and model authority of father; and the traditionality where it is generally not opposed.
Investigating EFL University Classes with Respect to the Implementation of the 4Cs
Authors: Fatima Farhad Kareem  , Qismat Mohammed Hussein
Published: February 2023

In current time, it is necessary for teachers to introduce the skills that students need to have in order to deal with challenges in the real world. The teaching of the "4Cs of the 21st century" communication, collaboration, critical thinking, and creativity has become increasingly popular in the twenty-first century as a result of all the changes that have happened to the educational system. The current study aims to look into how instructors, who teach EFL students utilize the 4Cs Communication, Collaboration, Critical Thinking, and Creativity in university classrooms. To determine whether university instructors actually use these vital skills in the classroom, all four Cs are examined. The major tool was an observation checklist. It was used to determine whether teachers were actually putting the 4Cs into practice in their classes. The data was collected by using a checklist after the researcher observed nine modules in three separate stages, and the SPSS v.25 statistical program was used to analyze the data from the observation checklist. Anova one-way was used to determine whether there was a significant difference between teaching the 4C skills in EFL classrooms in different levels and modules. The main results of this study showed that all of the 4C skills are taught and practiced equally in the classrooms, particularly in modules like Diversity Education, Entrepreneurship, and Language Testing.
MS for Electric Vehicle
Authors: Yadav Akash , Yadav Akhilesh , Kanojia Sikandar , Jadhav Sunayana
Published: February 2023

Electric vehicles are playing a very important role in saving Non-renewable energy sources as they are limited. Battery electric vehicles are precious as compared to combustion engines because of their efficiency and they don't emit exhaust gasses that are harmful to the ecosystem. Electric vehicles use electric motors instead of a combustion engine which have battery packs as an energy source. Battery packs consist of a huge amount of cells. The large number of cells that are initially different in voltage makes it difficult to manage. The difference in initial voltage of cells damages the battery pack and if the battery pack gets damaged, then the electric vehicle is of no use. A Battery Management System (BMS) is an electronic system that controls the charging and discharging of a rechargeable battery cell or battery pack, for example, by protecting the cell or the battery pack from operating outside of its safe operating range, managing its condition, reporting data, controlling its conditions, authenticating it, and/or balancing it. The bidirectional functionality of the BMS provides consistent battery capacity and draining of all Lithium-ion battery cells. A digital voltmeter and ammeter are used for switching the solid-state switch which is a MOSFET-based switch. The constant voltage and constant current source are used to protect the battery cells from any kind of internal damage.
ACRONIMUL COVID: DESPRE TERMINOLOGIE ȘI CÂTEVA „SECHELE” DIN LIMBA ROMÂNĂ ACTUALĂ
Authors:   Universitatea din Craiova, TOPALĂ Dragoș Vlad
Published: February 2023

The COVID acronym, the most important term in the pandemic-related vocabulary, has generated a number of original words in current Romanian. I made a representative lexical selection (with contextual quotes), and I studied the WHO terminology, the word formation, some semantic and stylistic aspects. The psycholinguistic perspective is also useful.
ON THE EXPRESSIVITY OF SOME FORMATIONS CREATED USING THE PREFIX NE- IN THE JOURNALISTIC DISCOURSE NOWADAYS
Authors:   “Valahia” University of Târgoviște (Romania), VÂRLAN Mariana
Published: February 2023

The press always manages through some functions to provide us with radiographies of actions, situations or persons, to persuade us of attitudes and behaviours on the one hand, and to place them in a certain expressive light, on the other hand. This light becomes therefore the stylistic touch of every publicist. The preference for some lexical word formations, mainly negative or privative, demonstrates the interest of our communication in one of the most widespread prefixes in our language, namely the forming prefix ne-.
Modern principles of diagnostics of acute destructive pancreatitis
Authors: Nazarov Sh. K. , Alizade S. G. , Ayubov J. K. , Nazarov T. Sh. , Nosiri K. N. , Asadulloeva E. I.
Published: February 2023

The incidence of acute destructive pancreatitis is steadily increasing worldwide and, according to the recent literature, is 300-900 patients/mil per year. The increased lethality rate of acute destructive pancreatitis in recent decades, which according to global statistics, ranges from 5% to 20% depending on the severity of the disease, is a cause for concern. It should be noted that most patients with acute destructive pancreatitis are working-age patients, which significantly increases the socio-economic aspect of the problem and urgently requires an active search for ways to solve it. It has been established that the leading pathogenetic mechanism of acute destructive pancreatitis development is enzymatic autolysis of pancreatic parenchyma by its enzymes with their subsequent release into the bloodstream and damage of other organs.
Inteligencia artificial aplicada al control de calidad en la producción de billetes
Authors: López González Adrián
Published: February 2023

Este documento es una aproximación al trabajo realizado en la Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo, del Departamento de Control de Producción de Billetes del Banco España, durante los últimos meses en materia de inteligencia artificial. La investigación y el desarrollo se han centrado en su aplicación al proceso de producción de billetes, y más concretamente al control de calidad de este.

Se exponen los términos más importantes ligados a la inteligencia artificial y a la gestión de la calidad en el mundo del billete. Finalmente, se detalla el esquema de un prototipo de sistema dual para el control de calidad.
FUNDAMENTAL METRIC EXPRESSIONS OF A GENERIC QUADRUPLE DIVIDED RANDOM QUANTITY
Authors: Angelini Pierpaolo
Published: February 2023

After establishing a metric over the vector space of the bivariate random quantities which are the components of a generic quadruple divided random quantity I establish a metric over the vector space of the quadruple divided random quantities in order to show that a coherent prevision of a generic bivariate random quantity coincides with the notion of α-product. Therefore, metric properties of the notion of α-product mathematically characterize the notion of coherent prevision of a generic bivariate random quantity. I accept the principles of the theory of concordance into the domain of subjective probability for this reason. This acceptance is well-founded because the definition of concordance is implicit as well as the one of prevision of a random quantity and in particular of probability of an event. By considering quadruple divided random quantities I realize that the notion of coherent prevision of a generic bivariate random quantity can be used in order to obtain fundamental metric expressions of quadruple divided random quantities.
PELESTARIAN BENDA PENINGGALAN SEJARAH LUBANG JEPANG DI KELURAHAN GUNUNG PANGILUN KOTA PADANG
Authors: Meldawati Meldawati , Yulia Refni , Ersi Livia , Zulfa Zulfa
Published: February 2023

Tujuan dari kegiatan Pengabdian kepada masyarakat  ini yaitu memelihara kesadaran sejarah melalui pelestarian benda peninggalan sejarah. Metode pelaksanaan yang dilakukan dengan memberikan motivasi kepada masyarakat khususnya generasi muda tentang perlunya pelestarian bekas peninggalan sejarah, kemudian meningkatkan kesadaran sejarah terutama kepada generasi muda. Dari hasil wawancara yang kami lakukan setelah kegiatan ini berlangsung bahwa peserta kegiatan sangat anstusias, tercatat peserta kegiatan berjumlah 30 orang yang mana 12 orang dari kalangan tua (tokoh masyarakat) dan selebihnya kaum muda. Kontribusi atas terlaksananya kegiatan ini bagi masyarakat, agar masyarakat menyadari bahwa walaupun lubang jepang merupakan peristiwa kelam dalam pembuatannya memaksa rakyat bahkan banyak rakyat Indonesia yang meninggal untuk mewujudkan keinginan Jepang tersebut. Namun bekas sejarah ini menjadi bukti ketertindasan rakayat ketika Indonesia di jajah oleh Jepang. Rakyat harus mengetahuai bahkan Generasi muda Rakyat harus tetap menjaga dan meletarikan peningglan Jepang ini.
Take the Sting Out: Teens don’t mean to be unkind
Authors:   Character Lab, Damour Lisa
Published: February 2023

“Pack your bags! We’re going on a guilt trip!” one of my teenage daughters said to the other. I’d just made a passive-aggressive comment about the dirty dishes they’d left in the sink, so maybe I deserved that remark. But it still stung. And if my kids have such an easy time giving pointed feedback at home, might they also be unkind when they’re out and about?
Application of Seaweed (Eucheuma cottonii) Extract and Shrimp Waste as Biofertilizer for Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)
Authors: Krishnamoorthy Mahaletchumy , Abdul Malek Shahidah
Published: February 2023

The extensive use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture poses serious collateral problems such as environmental pollution, pest resistance development and food safety decline. Researches focused on developing organic fertilizers from waste to partially replace chemical fertilizer use is increasing due to the requirement of sustainable agriculture development. Therefore, a pot experiment was carried out to study the effect of organic fertilizer made from seaweed and shrimp waste in improving crop growth and soil pH in green mustards. Three treatments were set up: seaweed and shrimp waste fertilizer (SSF), organic fertilizer (OF) and chemical fertilizer (CF). Although the SSF treatment had the highest number of leaves and plant height, ANOVA showed no significant differences between the three treatments. Soil pH in the SS treatment (pH= 7.43) was also higher than OF (pH= 6.49) and CF (pH= 7.07) though no significant differences were observed. Therefore, the fertilizer produced using seaweed and shrimp waste is comparable to other organic and chemical fertilizer and is suitable for growing leafy vegetables. The production and use of organic fertilizers made from seaweed extract and shrimp head waste can be a new wave of organic fertilizer in promoting plant growth and increasing crop yields.