bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Secure the Clones
Authors: Jensen Thomas , Kirchner Florent , Pichardie David
Published: September 2013

Exchanging mutable data objects with untrusted code is a delicate matter
because of the risk of creating a data space that is accessible by an attacker.
Consequently, secure programming guidelines for Java stress the importance of
using defensive copying before accepting or handing out references to an
internal mutable object. However, implementation of a copy method (like
clone()) is entirely left to the programmer. It may not provide a sufficiently
deep copy of an object and is subject to overriding by a malicious sub-class.
Currently no language-based mechanism supports secure object cloning. This
paper proposes a type-based annotation system for defining modular copy
policies for class-based object-oriented programs. A copy policy specifies the
maximally allowed sharing between an object and its clone. We present a static
enforcement mechanism that will guarantee that all classes fulfil their copy
policy, even in the presence of overriding of copy methods, and establish the
semantic correctness of the overall approach in Coq. The mechanism has been
implemented and experimentally evaluated on clone methods from several Java
libraries.
Calibration for Archaeological and Environmental Terrestrial Samples in the Time Range 26–50 ka cal BP
Authors: Ramsey C Bronk , Scott E M , van der Plicht J
Published: September 2013

For the older part of the radiocarbon dating range, the IntCal13 curve provides the “state of the art” for terrestrial calibration based on all available data. It is constructed from different records, each of which by themselves could be used as a “comparison tool,” depending on the research objectives. This paper discusses the pros and cons of different approaches that can be taken when using 14C dates from this time range where the agreement amongst the underlying data sets is poorer than in other time periods. The discussion is illustrated with example calibrations against IntCa09, IntCal13, and comparisons to the Suigetsu record. The examples and discussion arc aimed at users of terrestrial 14C dates, in particular Upper Paleolithic archaeologists and those working with environmental terrestrial materials in the same time range.
IntCal13 and Marine13 Radiocarbon Age Calibration Curves 0–50,000 Years cal BP
Authors: Reimer Paula J , Bard Edouard , Bayliss Alex , Beck J Warren , Blackwell Paul G , Ramsey Christopher Bronk , Buck Caitlin E , Cheng Hai , Edwards R Lawrence , Friedrich Michael , Grootes Pieter M , Guilderson Thomas P , Haflidason Haflidi , Hajdas Irka , Hatté Christine , Heaton Timothy J , Hoffmann Dirk L , Hogg Alan G , Hughen Konrad A , Kaiser K Felix , Kromer Bernd , Manning Sturt W , Niu Mu , Reimer Ron W , Richards David A , Scott E Marian , Southon John R , Staff Richard A , Turney Christian S M , van der Plicht Johannes
Published: September 2013

The IntCal09 and Marine09 radiocarbon calibration curves have been revised utilizing newly available and updated data sets from 14C measurements on tree rings, plant macrofossils, speleothems, corals, and foraminifera. The calibration curves were derived from the data using the random walk model (RWM) used to generate IntCal09 and Marine09, which has been revised to account for additional uncertainties and error structures. The new curves were ratified at the 21st International Radiocarbon conference in July 2012 and are available as Supplemental Material at www.radiocarbon.org. The database can be accessed at http://intcal.qub.ac.uk/intcal13/.
Longitudinal Stability of IRT and Equivalent-Groups Linear and Equipercentile Equating
Authors: Zhang Xiuyuan , McDermott Paul A. , Fantuzzo John W. , Gadsden Vivian L.
Published: September 2013

A multiscale criterion-referenced test that featured two presumably equivalent forms (A and B), was administered to 1,667 Head Start children at each of four points over an academic year. Using a randomly equivalent groups design, three equating methods were applied: common-item IRT equating using concurrent calibration, linear transformation, and equipercentile transformation. The methods were compared by examining mean score differences, weighted mean squared difference, and Kolmogorov's D statistics for each subscale. The results indicated that over time the IRT equating method and conventional equating methods exhibited different patterns of discrepancy between the two test forms. IRT equating yielded marginally smaller form-to-form mean score differences and generated slightly f ewer distributional discrepancies between Forms A and B than both linear and equipercentile equating. However, the results were mixed indicating that more studies are needed to provide additional information on the relative merits and weaknesses of each approach.
Rationality in Conspiracy Beliefs: The Role of Perceived Motive
Authors: Bost Preston R. , Prunier Stephen G.
Published: September 2013

Previous work has raised the possibility that the perception of motive may contribute to conspiracy beliefs. The current study tested the prediction that conspiracy beliefs will strengthen as the apparent motive of the alleged conspirators strengthens. Participants ( N = 57) rated the plausibility of fictional conspiracy theories, manipulated for the strength of direct evidence for the conspiracy and the type of outcome (gain vs. no gain) experienced by the alleged conspirators after the event. Ratings revealed that participants were more likely to believe conspiracy claims not only if the evidence was strong but also if the apparent motive was high, and that the effect of apparent motive was independent of the strength of the evidence. The findings suggested that information about apparent motive may help create and sustain conspiracy beliefs.
Reactions of Religious Fundamentalists to Taboo Images and Words
Authors: Bates Larry W. , Hudiburg Richard A. , Lauderdale Elizabeth P. , Castillo Joseph R.
Published: September 2013

Some view religious fundamentalism as inclusive of fear of the world as a dangerous place. Fundamentalists are known to have extensive taboo lists, but research concerning their reactions to taboo stimuli is sparse. If fear is a basic component of fundamentalism, then reactions to taboo stimuli should be somewhat similar to common fear reactions, including subjective appraisal of discomfort, psychophysiological arousal, cognitive interference, and behavioral avoidance. The current research addressed some of these questions with three studies to examine subjective discomfort to religiously-taboo and religiously-neutral words and photographs ( N = 160), physiological arousal to these same photographs ( N = 129), and attentional bias on a modified Stroop test of these same words ( N = 182). Although subjective appraisals of discomfort to taboo words and photographs among fundamentalists were confirmed, this research did not find that physiological responses or cognitive interference to taboo stimuli were elevated in those scoring high in religious fundamentalism.
Motor Control as the Control of Perception
Authors: Marken Richard S. , Mansell Warren , Khatib Zahra
Published: September 2013

This paper describes a test of Perceptual Control Theory (PCT), which views motor control as part of a process of controlling perceptual inputs rather than motor outputs. Sixteen undergraduate students ( M age = 19.9 yr.) were asked to control one of three different perceptual aspects of an animated display—a shape, a motion or a sequence—using the same motor output, a key press. Animation rate was varied while quality of control was measured in terms of the proportion of time that the perception was maintained in the goal state. The results showed that increased animation rate made it hardest to control the more complex perceptions (motion and sequence) even though the same output was used to control all perceptions. This result is consistent with PCT, which predicts that the temporal constraints on control are ultimately a function of the type of perception controlled rather than the type of output used to control it.
Semantic and Affective Verbal Fluency: Sex Differences
Authors: Gawda Barbara , Szepietowska Ewa Malgorzata
Published: September 2013

Sex may have an important influence on verbal fluency. The aim of this study is to examine possible sex differences in different types of verbal fluency. Four tasks of verbal fluency were used in this study: two tasks of semantic verbal fluency ( Animals, Fruits) and two tasks of affective verbal fluency ( Pleasant, Unpleasant). The results were analysed for 200 adults aged 18 to 70 years. The number of correctly enumerated words, the number of phonemic clusters, the number of semantic clusters, and the number of phonemic and semantic switches were recorded. The results confirmed data about sex differences in verbal fluency performance. Statistically significant differences in verbal fluency between men and women were found only in affective tasks. Sex is not a strong predictor of semantic verbal fluency performance, but a statistically significant predictor for negative affective verbal fluency.
Gender Differences in Alcohol Metabolizing Hepatic Enzyme
Genotypes in Korean Patients with Alcohol Dependence
Authors: Lee Jin-Seong , Kim Sung-Gon , Jang Sae-Heon , Byun Won-Tan , Hwang In-Bok , Kim Chang-Soo , Kim Seong-Yeon , Lee Hyun-Sook , Yang Young-Hui , Oslin David W.
Published: September 2013

There are a number of epidemiological studies concerning the gender
differences in the genetic etiology of alcohol dependence (AD), with
ADH2 and ALDH2 being strong candidates. The purpose of this study
was to investigate gender differences in frequencies of ADH2 and ALDH2
genotypes in AD patients and in a normal control (NC) group of Koreans.
Study subjects consisted of 228 AD patients (180 males, 48 females) and
138 NC (79 males, 59 females). For both male and female subjects, the
frequency of the ADH2*1/1 genotype was significantly higher in AD patients
compared to the NC group. However, the effect size of the ADH2*1/1
genotype on AD was much larger in females than in males. Furthermore,
the ALDH2*1/1 genotype was positively associated with AD in male
subjects but negatively associated with AD in female patients. Interestingly,
AD in males was primarily determined by ALDH2 enzyme activity (92%),
whereas female AD was primarily determined by ADH2 enzyme activity
(60.4%). These results suggest that risk for the development of AD in
males is mainly associated with the ALDH2*1/1 genotype, while in female
patients, the ADH2*1/1 genotype was more highly associated with risk of
AD. Overall, it is evident that gender differences associated with genetic
risks for AD are present.
Transurethral resection of prostate – a five year experience in College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital,Bharatpur, Nepal
Authors: Agarwal A , Sigdel G , Lamichhane N , Belokar WK
Published: September 2013

Aims Transurethral resection of prostate(TURP) is still considered gold standard for the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) and it has become the need of every urology center today. The purpose of this study is to report a five years experience and results in the management of BPH by TURP. Materials and methods Retrospective analysis of 330 cases of TURP done by single surgeon between January 2007 and December 2011 in urology unit, College of Medical Sciences, Bharatpur, Nepal was carried out. Results Mean age and duration of symptoms was 64.88±3.904 years and 30.7 months respectively , mean size of prostate was 48.33±15.214 grams, mean IPSS before surgery was 27.88±3.493 and after 1 year follow up of 262 cases it was 9.71±3.820. . Mean duration of post operative per urethral catheterization, bladder irrigation with normal saline and total duration of hospital stay was 2.82±0.622, 28.16± 8.895and 3.82±0.622 days respectively. Mean operating time was 40.53±12.949 minutes. 7(2.12%) patients developed intraperitoneal fluid extravasation, 8(2.42%) cases developed clot retention. 2(0.67%) cases re-admitted one week after discharge with clot retention and UTI. 3(0.9%)cases presented two years after surgery with bladder neck contracture. No case of TUR syndrome was seen and there was no mortality. Conclusion Most of the patients presents late with marked obstructive symptoms and large prostate glands in this part of Nepal. The urinary symptoms in patients with BPH significantly improved after TURP and those patients having severe symptoms gained the most. The complication rates following TURP decreases as experience grow and after a experience of 50 TURP they are almost none. So 50 TURP can be set as benchmark for the beginners. It was also noticed that resection volume of the prostate increased and the resection time decreased significantly after 50 case of TURP. Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2012, Vol-8, No-4, 16-21 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v8i4.8695
Evaluation of bacteriology of middle ear in early quiescent stage of chronic otitis media
Authors: Bhandari Ramesh , Bhattarai H , Pokhrel BM
Published: September 2013

Objectives The objectives of this study were to determine whether any organism does exist in middle ear cavity during the early quiescent stage of chronic otitis media and to isolate their types. Materials and methods Forty-seven patients of age 13 years and above with diagnosis of chronic otitis media mucosal type in early quiescent stage were included. Swab was collected from middle ear cavity for culture and sensitivity in operation theatre prior to middle ear surgery and brought to microbiology laboratory within half an hour to inoculate in Blood agar, Chocolate agar and Mac Conkey agar. The isolates were identified with the use of standard bacteriological technique. Results Aerobic bacteria were isolated from 15 cases (31.9%). Staphylococcus aureus isolated in 12(80%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 2(13.3%) and E. coli in 1(6.7%). Conclusion Aerobic bacteria were isolated from middle ear cavity in quiescent stage of chronic otitis media in 15(32%) cases. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common organism. Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2012, Vol-8, No-4, 22-26 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v8i4.8696
Clinicomicrobiological profile of infective endocarditis in a tertiary care center of Nepal
Authors: Ghimire M , Karki P , Khanal B , Acharya P , Sharma SK , Pahari Bishnu
Published: September 2013

Background Infective endocarditis is a common problem and data regarding its clinical and microbiological pattern from developing countries are sparse. We studied clinical features and the microbiological pathogens in patients with Infective Endocarditis in our Hospital. Objective To study the clinical profile and microbiological pathogens involved in patients with Infective Endocarditis, admitted under Department of Internal Medicine of B.P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences. Materials and methods A total of 54 patients with history of fever and underlying heart disease were studied. It was a hospital based cross sectional descriptive study done in patients with infective endocarditis presented to us from March 2007 to February 2008 in B.P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences. Results Out of 54 patients, 11 (20.4%) had Dukes definite IE. The male: female ratio was 1.2:1. The mean age of the study group was 27.3 years (range=16-55). In IE group, fever was present in 100% cases (n=11) as it was the inclusion criteria of the study, followed by SOB 81.8% (n=9). History of antibiotic therapy prior to the presentation was present in 36.7 % (n=4) patients. Pallor was the most common sign 63.6% (n=7). Splenomegaly was seen in 18.2% (n=2). Anaemia (Hb<10gm %) in 36.4% (n=4) and microscopic haematuria in 72.3% (n=8) cases. Blood culture positivity was seen in 36.4 %. The most common pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus in 27.3% (n=3) and Acinetobacter species in 9.1% (n=1). Conclusion In our study we found that the clinical spectrum of IE was different from the west in that the majority of patients being young in our study. However, RHD still is the commonest underlying heart disease and Staphylococcus aureus being the commonest isolate. Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2012, Vol-8, No-4, 34-41 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v8i4.8698
Umbilical Myiasis in a Newborn: a case report
Authors: Dey PK , Bhattacharya T , Pal SN , Das S , Pal S
Published: September 2013

Myiasis is an infection of live mammalian tissue by the larval forms of dipteran flies, usually infects domestic and wild animal but human may be affected sometimes. Although adult cases have been reported, neonatal myiasis is a rare condition. Umbilical myiasis is very rare in newborns with few reported cases in the literature. In this article we are reporting an eight day old female neonate from urban slum area in West Bengal (India) presented with umbilical myiasis and omphalitis. She was infected with Chrysomya spp. larvae, was clinically well. Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2012, Vol-8, No-4, 42-45 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v8i4.8700
POWER GENERATION FROM PRESSURE REDUCTION IN THE NATURAL
Authors: Rahman Mohammed Mahbubur
Published: September 2013

Power can be generated from the pressure energy of natural gas along its supply chain at various pressure reduction points by using turbo-expanders.  This technology is being applied in different countries around the world.  This paper attempts to asses the potential of using this technology for Bangladesh.  A number of producing wells and pressure reduction stations are investigated.  It is found that pre-heating before expansion is almost always necessary to avoid hydrate formation.  The power obtainable at the wellheads range from 150-500 kW, and that from pressure reduction stations range from 200 kW to 5 MW.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jme.v41i2.7472
REVIEW ON JOB-SHOP AND FLOW-SHOP SCHEDULING USING
Authors: Parveen Sultana , Ullah Hafiz
Published: September 2013

Scheduling is widely studied and complex combinatorial optimization problems. A vast amount of research has been performed in this particular area to effectively schedule jobs for various objectives. The multi-criteria scheduling problem is one of the main research subjects in the field of modern manufacturing where most of them are considered as NP-hard. This paper discusses the more recent literature on scheduling using multi criteria decision making (MCDM). This article addresses both job-shop and flow-shop scheduling problem.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jme.v41i2.7508
MANUFACTURING TECHNIQUES OF LOW-COST SI-BASED CRYSTALLINE TYPE SOLAR CELL IN BANGLADESH
Authors: Islam Md. Shafiqul , Hasan Md. Rakibul , Mohammadi Fariba , Majumdar Antara , Ahmad Ali
Published: September 2013

In todays world with the increasing population, the world's energy needs are growing steadily andthe crisis for power is also increasing. All the conventional sources of energy like gas, coal, oil etc are limited.In this situation, the need for establishing a renewable energy source as an alternative energy generation systemhas become very important for sustainable energy security of the country. Among various renewable energysources, solar energy comprises a large portion. The solar energy captivated by Earths atmosphere, oceansand land is about 385000 EJ[1]. But only less than 1% of useful energy comes from solar power [2]. Thisstatistics shows that, the sun shine produces 35000 times more power on earth than the daily power productionusing solar energy. Thus the earth receives more energy from the sun in just one hour than the world uses in awhole year.[3] The conversion of sunlight into electricity using solar cells system (10-14%) is worthwhile way ofproducing this alternative energy. Bangladesh receives strong sunshine throughout the whole year (3.8-6.42Kw-hr/m2) and it has been found that the average sunshine hours are 6.69, 6.16 and 4.81in winter, summer andmonsoon, respectively.[4] Bangladesh is also adopting means to use solar energy day by day. Many privateCompanies in Bangladesh import solar panels from abroad and sell them into the country. The approximatecost for importing readymade panels varies from 90-98 BDT per Wp. There are some companies which importsolar cells from foreign countries and assemble them into panels. The average cost for importing cells isapproximately 41-57 BDT per Wp. The cost of assembled panels from imported cells is approximately 78-84BDT per Wp. From the analysis it is found that, the cost of a locally produced PV panel is 10 percent lower thanimported ones [5] because of 60% cost incurs for producing cells from raw materials. Although solar panels arebeing produced in Bangladesh, till now solar cells have not been fabricated yet. In Bangladesh for the first timeBangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC) is going to set up a laboratory to fabricate crystalline solarcells. It is anticipated that producing cells from raw materials locally and then assembling them into PV panelswill reduce the cost almost 30%. This paper explores how fabricating crystalline solar cells locally isanticipated to reduce cost of solar panels. If the cost effective technology could be made familiar in Bangladeshthen it would help in solving our power crisis in a great deal.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jme.v42i1.15934
EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF JATROPHA-ETHANOL AND JATROPHA- DIMETHYL ETHER FUEL BLENDS ON A DI DIESEL ENGINE
Authors: Loganathan M. , Anbarasu A. , Velmurugan A.
Published: September 2013

In this study, Biodiesel -Dimethyl Ether (BDE) and Biodiesel Ethanol (BE) were tested in a 4-cylinderdirect-injection diesel engine to investigate the performance and emission characteristics of the engine underfive engine loads at the maximum torque. The engine speed was maintained at 1500 rpm. Here the jatropha oilis used as a non edible oil to produce the biodiesel. The ethanol and dimethyl ether is used as an additive toenhance the engine combustion. The BDE 5 (biodiesel 95% and dimethyl ether 5%) , BDE 10 (biodiesel 90%and dimethyl ether 10%) BDE 15(biodiesel 85% and dimethyl ether 15%) BE5 (biodiesel 95% and ethanol 5%),BE10 (biodiesel 90% and ethanol 10%) and BE15 (biodiesel 85% and ethanol 15%) were tested in the engine.The results indicate that when compared with neat jatropha, the engine performance increased and emissionlevel decreased with adding the ethanol and diethyl ether with methyl ester of jatropha oil. In comparison withneat jatropha, the BDE5 and BE15 blends have higher brake thermal efficiency (BTE) of 12% and 13%respectively. The experimental results showed that the CO, HC emission is decreased and NOx emission isincreased for higher blends of additives. The brakes specific fuel consumption (BSFC) decreased for BDE5 andBE5 compared to other combination of fuel.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jme.v42i1.15941
EVALUATION OF A COMBINED SOLAR-ASSISTED EJECTOR ABSORPTION CHILLER
Authors: Sopian Kamaruzzaman , Abdulateef J. , Alghoul M. , Yigit K.S.
Published: September 2013

The experimental investigation of the performance of a combined solar ejector absorption coolingsystem has been carried out. The system was installed in the solar energy park at University KebangsaanMalaysia. The influence of various operating conditions on the COP is studied using evacuated tube solarcollectors and NH3-H2O as working fluid. The results showed that, the absorption chiller provides high COPthan that of the conventional absorption system. The maximum COP of the cycle in the order of 0.6 when theimprovements of rectifier and solution heat exchanger are added while the maximum increase in COP in case ofcombined cycle is about 50% higher than the basic cycle. This study is provided an actual compact unit of 1.5cooling capacity and operated under real outside conditions for Malaysia and similar tropical regions.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jme.v42i1.15978
COMPUTATION OF FLOWS AROUND THE TRANSOM STERN HULL BY THE MODIFIED RANKINE SOURCE PANEL METHOD
Authors: Saha Goutam Kumar , Tarafder Md. Shahjada
Published: September 2013

The paper presents a numerical method for calculating a potential flow around a ship of transomstern with respect to the double-body potential. The method of solution is based on the distribution of Rankinesources on the hull as well as its image and on the free surface. An iterative algorithm is used for determiningthe free surface and wave resistance using Dawsons upstream finite difference operator. A verification ofnumerical modeling is made using NPL- 4A model and the validity of the computer program is examined byidentifying the transverse and diverging wave patterns of AMECRC model moving in infinite depth of water.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jme.v43i1.15766
AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF FLOW OVER OCTAGONAL CYLINDERS WITH ROUNDED CORNERS
Authors: Hossain Md. Jomir , Islam Md. Quamrul , Ali Mohammad
Published: September 2013

The static pressure distributions on a single of cylinder with octagonal cross-section having rounded corners are presented. The test was conducted in an open circuit wind tunnel at a Reynolds number of 4.13 x 104 based on the face width of the cylinder across the flow direction in a uniform flow velocity of 13.2 m/s. The experimental test was carried out on a single cylinder at various angles of attack from 0° to 40° at a step of 5°. It was observed that with the rounded corners the drag on the cylinders reduces remarkably in comparison to that on the sharp-edged cylinders. It was also observed that at various angles of attack, the values of the lift coefficients were insignificant compared to those for a sharp-edged square cylinder. The results are applicable to combination of tall buildings one behind the other along the wind velocity direction and each building of square or octagonal cross-section having rounded corners. The wind load on the downstream cylinder decreases remarkably due to the presence of the cylinder in the upstream side.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jme.v43i1.15767
Une «Noticia» inédite de Manuel Scorza, premier élément de réflexion théorique sur le cycle La Guerre Silencieuse
Authors: Lassus Jean-Marie
Published: September 2013

Le texte de la « Noticia » publiée et étudiée ici fut remis à l'auteur par Manuel Scorza en 1976. Elle devait être celle du troisième roman du cycle de La Guerra silenciosa : El Jinete insomne. Elle contient des idées essentielles à la compréhension du cycle. L'étude porte sur le contenu thématique et formel de la « Noticia », elle permet d'établir une filiation entre le chroniqueur Felipe Huamán Poma de Ayala et Manuel Scorza.
Francia en México : la expresión de lo local y lo foráneo en Noticias del Imperio de Fernando del Paso
Authors: Ruiz Rivas Héctor
Published: September 2013

Noticias del Imperio (1987) de Fernando del Paso recrea el período de la intervención francesa en México (1862-67). La novela, de gran extensión, está contada desde varias perspectivas. Hay entonces una visión francesa (foránea) de lo mexicano y una local de lo francés. Esta última recae a menudo en un personaje del pueblo, con la lengua y la expresión que le son propias. El juego de perspectivas, en fin de cuentas, no privilegia ninguna sino que logra que todas dialoguen entre sí.
Ojo abierto en la selva, Benjamin Péret y las Américas
Authors: Singler Christoph
Published: September 2013

Entre los estudios surrealistas dedicados a América Latina, la obra de Benjamin Péret destaca por su extensión, debida sin duda a sus numerosos viajes a México y Brasil. Estos países definen las dos vertientes de su obra americanista, inspirada por la cuestión del mito. Mientras que en el México contemporáneo comprueba el decaer de la creación mítica, encuentra de nuevo en el mundo mestizo de las religiones afroamericanas el nacimiento de nuevos mitos.
Utopies hebdomadaires. L'Amérique latine des bandes dessinées
Authors: Gilard Jacques
Published: September 2013

Una Latinoamérica de papel. Revisión de tópicos. Hasta fechas recientes, salvo unas cuantas excepciones, la tira cómica en francés (de autores belgas en su mayoría) ha venido dando de Latinoamérica una imagen convencional, convirtiéndola — como al resto del Tercer Mundo — en una tierra de aventuras para héroes occidentales. El maniqueísmo del género, las experiencias coloniales de Francia y Bélgica en Africa, la guerra fría dan la clave de esta manera de ver que perdura hasta más o menos 1980. A la competencia de la T.V. se deben un deshielo tardío de las temáticas y una mayor apertura a la Latinoamérica de hoy.
1992 : l'ambiguïté d'une commémoration
Authors: Vayssière Pierre
Published: September 2013

La célébration du 500e anniversaire est loin de faire l'unanimité en Amérique Latine, non seulement parmi les descendants des «peuples vaincus», mais encore au cœur des idéologies officielles ; dans une hiérarchie hypothétique de la « colombophilie », on pourrait opposer, d'un côté, les trois anciennes vice-royautés hispaniques (Mexique, Colombie, Pérou), et de l'autre le Brésil qui néglige l'image de Colomb.

Sur le plan de la commémoration, on observe également que c'est surtout l'Espagne qui organise les grands'messes cérémonielles, sans doute parce qu'elle y investit un projet de retrouvailles culturelles et économiques avec ses anciennes colonies. Le Portugal, de son côté, préfère se tourner vers le projet de l'unité européenne. Quant à l'Amérique latine, elle s'oriente vers une zone de libre-échange interaméricaine, qui l'intéresse au moins autant que les souvenirs d'une colonisation douloureuse.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES BASED ON BALANCED SCORECARD: EMPIRICAL STUDY BASED ON IRAN
Authors: Zolfani Sarfaraz Hashemkhani , Ghadikolaei Abdolhamid Safaei
Published: September 2013

Private universities are new generation of universities in Iran that their existences are less than 20 years. The research in this area was never completed about evaluating of these universities all these years. The aim of this research is to make a framework for evaluating these universities with Balanced Scorecard (BSC) and MCDM methods. Three MCDM methods are applied in this research. DEMATEL is applied for research on cause and effect relations of perspectives of BSC, ANP is applied to calculate weights of indices in perspectives and finally VIKOR for ranking universities that is selected as a case study. This research totally used 38 experts in two groups for evaluating of universities. Results of this research are: (1) Internal Process is the most effective perspective of BSC. (2) Brand, Academic Excellence, Product Quality, Student Satisfaction and Budget Control are five more important indices that calculated with ANP. (3) Shomal University of Amol is the best university among five universities that were selected for this research and they have been established more than ten years.
SELECTING THE OPTIMAL RENEWABLE ENERGY USING MULTI CRITERIA DECISION MAKING
Authors: Yazdani-Chamzini Abdolreza , Fouladgar Mohammad Majid , Zavadskas Edmundas Kazimieras , Moini S. Hamzeh Haji
Published: September 2013

Renewable energies are well-known as one of the most important energy resources not only due to limited other energy resources, but also due to environmental problems associated with air pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions. Renewable energy project selection is a multi actors and sophisticated problem because it is a need to incorporate social, economic, technological, and environmental considerations. Multi criteria decision making (MCDM) methods are powerful tools to evaluate and rank the alternatives among a pool of alternatives and select the best one. COPRAS (COmplex PRoportional ASsessment) is an MCDM technique which determines the best alternative by calculating the ratio to the ideal solution and the negative ideal solution. On the other hand, analytical hierarchy process (AHP) is widely used in order to calculate the importance weights of evaluation criteria. In this paper an integrated COPRAS-AHP methodology is proposed to select the best renewable energy project. In order to validate the output of the proposed model, the model is compared with five MCDM tools. The results of this paper demonstrate the capability and effectiveness of the proposed model in selecting the most appropriate renewable energy option among the existing alternatives.
BEYOND CAPM: AN INNOVATIVE FACTOR MODEL TO OPTIMIZE THE RISK AND RETURN TRADE-OFF
Authors: Lashgari Shima , Antuchevičienė Jurgita , Delavari Alireza , Kheirkhah Omid
Published: September 2013

Different models have tried to improve the Capital Asset Pricing Model findings, on the basis that different factors can affect asset return. This paper examines a series of explanatory factors, broader than those explained by traditional theory, to see whether they are able to more accurately explain the returns. Should the previous point be confirmed, we must consider that the risk of an asset depends on multiple factors, rather than the few that are usually identified in the literature. Even though more than 300,000 factors are examined in this paper, the results show that in recent years just 87 factors are able to fully explain the returns of 4,500 companies in the 15 European countries examined. Our analysis also shows that business and macroeconomic, rather than financial factors, are those that heavily bear on asset returns; and that factors that affect asset return, either only positively or only negatively, do not exist. However, the same factor can affect some companies positively and others negatively. Thus, since not all firms are always sensitive to the same factors, there is the possibility to further decrease risk in proportion to return, through a factor-based risk optimisation process.
SPATIO-TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF HOUSE PRICE CONVERGENCE BASED ON A DEMOGRAPHICAL DISTANCE
Authors: Ma Le , Liu Chunlu
Published: September 2013

Convergences of house prices have been studied for over three decades, but yet have been confirmed because of spatial heterogeneity and autocorrelations in house prices. A spatio-temporal approach was recently proposed to address the spatial and temporal issues related to house prices. However, most previous studies placed the focus on the spatial heterogeneity and autocorrelations from geographical locations, which neglected other spatial factors. In order to overcome this shortfall, this research argued a demographical distance, constructed by demographical structure and housing market scales, to investigate the house price convergences in Australian capital cities. The results confirmed the house price levels in Canberra, Brisbane and Perth converged to the house price level in Sydney.
EXPLORATION OF THE PRESALE PROPERTY MARKET IN CHINA FROM AN INSTITUTIONAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Leung Barbara Y. P. , Ma Athenda S. C.
Published: September 2013

Presales have been used as a major financing mode for real estate development in China. However, there have been limited researches studying the roles of different real estate market players impacting on the efficiency of the property presales, in particular, on the issue of asymmetric information in the market. The paper adopted an institutional approach to study the problems latent in the presale property market. Semi-structured interviews with professionals and industry practitioners were conducted and the findings suggested that the lack of market information, pseudo policy objectives and confusing roles played by major market players are the root of the problems. Restructuring of the institutional arrangement in regard to the financial channels for capital, risk management on developers, custody of the presale proceeds and commitment of the regulatory authorities are necessary in enhancing the market efficiency.
A Neural Network Based Space-Vector PWM Controller for Motor Drive
Authors: Yuan Zhi
Published: September 2013

This paper proposed an artificial neural network (ANN) based space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) for motor drive which fully covers the undermodulation and overmodulation regions. A neural network has the advantage of very fast implementation of an SVPWM algorithm that can increase the converter switching frequency, particularly when a dedicated application-specific integrated circuit chip is used in the modulator. Finally, in the environment of MATLAB/Simulink with the Neural Network Toolbox builds the simulation model of system with proposed ANN-SVPWM controller. The simulation results show that the performances of the motor drive with artificial-neural-network-based SVPWM are excellent.
The Results of Self-Annealing Process for a Copper Interconnection on the 4xnm DRAM Products
Authors: Park Hyung Jin , Ryu In Cheol , Song Young Pyo , Jun Hong Shin , Yoon Kun Sang
Published: September 2013

In DRAM products, the copper interconnections with larger grain size are preferred for lower electrical resistance and better circuit performance. We studied the copper properties which are the evolution of the grain size, distribution of the grain, and the metal line texture formation during self-annealing. And we were able to evaluate the thermal budget in the DRAM process by performing thermal excursion stress test. We found out that the condition with self-annealing time affects copper grain size and stress migration. It has been measured by the EBSD analysis system and TOF-TEM. Compared with the conventional copper anneal process which has no time delay, the self-annealing process with time delay showed the more bamboo microstructure at dram damascene process. In addition, we observed that the self-annealing process helped enhanced thermal stress stability, which is caused by lower hillock deformation to copper top surface after a batch furnace at 400°C, N2 ambient for three times.
Applied Micro Genetic Algorithm to Optimize Design Low Specific Speed Pump Impeller
Authors: Li Deng Song , Song Wen Wu , Jie Fu , Wu Tian Long
Published: September 2013

The combination of enlarged flow design and micro-genetic algorithm constitute a new optimization design method, which be applied to optimization design of low specific speed pump impeller. It improves enlarged flow design deficiencies, and making overall performance of the pump better. The experimental results of a low specific speed centrifugal pump impeller designed by proposed method show that pump high efficiency range is extended, the hump phenomenon is eliminated, and shaft power overload phenomenon has been resolved.
The CAD Research of Vehicle Steering System
Authors: Song Mei Yu
Published: September 2013

Currently, the 3D design has become the inevitable trend in the application of CAD technology. It is possible for 3D design of vehicle bogie. In this paper, the 3D parametric CAD system of vehicle bogie based on the performance is established with the combination of the section size calculation, the parametric CAD design, and the database access technology, which is redeveloped and reassembled with the platform of SolidWorks 2008. Therefore, this study has certain theoretical research and practical application value.
Design of Microcontroller Serial Data Interface Extension
Authors: Gao Mei , Ma Min , Ding Tong Tang
Published: September 2013

The paper introduces the technology to extend the USART of the single chip microcomputer AVR, which can be realized by using the serial port extension chip GM8125. The technology can be applied to the monitoring of temperature and smoke etc. The hardware design and software design are completed and the anti-interference problem is also solved.
Design of Miniaturization Microstrip Filter in L-Band
Authors: Wang Hao Ru , Yang Kai , Ren Xiang Rang , Liu Yi Meng
Published: September 2013

A curve of the relationship between the gaps of microstrip resonator and coupling coefficients is presented in this paper, which based on the study of small planar microstrip bandpass filter design theory and implementation. According to the curve, a small microstrip bandpass filter with 6.67% relative bandwidth in L-band is designed by Multi-zigzag line and capacitive loading technology. Compared to the similar hairpin line filters, the area of the filter designed in this paper is reduced by 64% with advantage of smaller size and more simple structure. The examples and results of a fifth-order Chebyshev responsible L-band bandpass filter are presented in the end of this paper.
An Improved MPPT Control Strategy Combined Neural Network and Incremental Conductance Method under Partial Shading
Authors: Yan Hong Zheng , Wang Li Guo , Liu Bao Zhu
Published: September 2013

By studying the characteristics of photovoltaic array, this paper proposes an improved MPPT control strategy. This strategy uses the neural network to control the operating voltage of the PV array, so that the voltage does not fall into local maximum, then the incremental conductance method is used to adjust precisely to obtain the optimal tracking results. With simulation of Matlab/Simulink, this improved strategy is verified that it can track the correct maximum power point under partial shading.
Driving Device with Energy Feedback for Permanent Magnetic Mechanism
Authors: Li Ping , Wu Jian Wen , Xin Chao , Zhang Zhi Hao
Published: September 2013

In this paper, a driving device with energy feedback for permanent magnetic mechanism is proposed. Firstly, the tripping circuit and the closing circuit are given and the formulas in tripping process and closing process are derived. By experiment, we get the waveforms and they are similar with the simulation waveforms. Finally, we can get the conclusion that the driving device and the function of energy feedback are practical.
TDC Implementation Based on Internal Delay Module of FPGA
Authors: Zhou Rou Gang , Zhou Yun Fei , Liu Guang Dou , Tu Xiao
Published: September 2013

Currently the time to digital converter (TDC) integrated in FPGA performs time-to-digital conversion in the carry chain mode and inter-slot offset is caused to be severe by internal wiring in the FPGA. Based on the carry chain interpolation method, this paper proposes the method for using a delay module in FPGA to achieve accurate signal delay. By calculating the phase difference of multi-clock signal between two latch sampling points, the interval between two sampling points was obtained. Experimental results indicate a measurement accuracy of 78ps or 52ps can be reached by precisely collecting time through the delay module in FPGA. Compared to the carry chain interpolation method, this method is significantly advantageous in small inter-slot offset, stable performance and convenient design and can meet the requirement for time measurement or requirement by laser interferometer with a nm-level accuracy in nuclear physics.
Daylight Perceptive Lighting and Artificial Neutral Network
Authors: Gao Ying Ming , Li Hao , Zhang Huan Yue , Zou Nian Yu , Zhang Jing Hui
Published: September 2013

Energy efficient character of daylight perceptive lighting was analyzed and a method to evaluate energy saving was present, according to the presentation the longer duration of indoor illumination being less than threshold is, the more energy is saved. With two sensors, a data fusion method was put forward to exclude interference and improve lighting comfort. With more than two sensors, data fusion based on neutral network was discussed.
Thermal Characteristics Analysis of Nuclear Power CNC Wheel Groove Milling Machine Based on Finite Element
Authors: Li Zhi Wei , Song Dan Lu
Published: September 2013

For nuclear power CNC wheel groove milling machine in the work under the influence of a variety of heat sources, establish the finite element model of machine, using finite element analysis software ANSYS, analysis and thermal-structure coupling of heat source in the processing state mechanism, thermal key points out machine, the effect of deformation on the machine geometric accuracy evaluation of heat, and the machine thermal optimization analysis of corresponding, deformation of machine in the three direction. The results show that: the machine in machining spindle heat is an important factor affecting the machining accuracy of machine tools, and heat through various ways to machine tool bed, causing warping, guide rail bending, through this analysis provides reference for analysis and optimization design for the machine tool thermal deformation.
Research and Application of EasyUI Asynchronous Tree
Authors: Luo Ting
Published: September 2013

Freemarker EasyUI is a simple web client javascript framework,It is easy for use and privates many UI plugins based on jquery.This article introduce function and character for easyui technology,describe the process of design and implementation of Web Asynchronous Tree Based on EasyUI.
Optimal Management of Local Energy System Based on Distributed Energy Resource
Authors: Ren Hong Bo , Wu Qiong , Ren Jian Xing , Gao Wei Jun
Published: September 2013

In order to realize a low-carbon society, the introduction of low-carbon energy resources in the local (both urban and rural) energy systems, which plays a main role in the total CO2 emissions, is being paid more and more attention. In this study, the paths toward regional de-carbonization are indicated by conceptualizing systematic “urban-rural cooperation” that creates regional circulation of energy resources (e.g., biomass). As an illustrative example, an investigation has been conducted of assumed distributed energy systems for a model city in China. By extending a pre-developed plan and evaluation model to include not only cost minimization but also emissions minimization, the proposed wide urban-rural energy systems are examined from both economic and environmental viewpoints.
Effect on Quality Performance by Defining Quality Objectives in ISO 9001 Organizations
Authors: Almaoui Mohamad , Saouli Mohamad , Sinha Bhaskar
Published: September 2013

Quality objectives are targets that are generally specified for relevant functions and levels within the organization. This research may be used as a foundation to build upon regarding the impact of quality objectives on ISO 9001 certified organizations. The impact on quality performance as a result of implementing quality objectives on organizations certified to ISO 9001 was determined. Organizations invest considerable amount of time, money, and resources in establishing and implementing quality management systems compliant with the ISO 9001 standard. Understanding the impact of the implementation of quality objectives on the performance of ISO 9001 certified organizations will support management in establishing value-added quality objectives that optimize the return on investment in ISO 9001 certification, while focusing on bottom line improvements.
Assembly Line Balancing Type-2 Using Unequal Multiple Operators
Authors: Attique Usman , Ghafoor Abdul , Ahmed Riaz , Ikramullah Shahid
Published: September 2013

Various exact and heuristic methods have been proposed for assembly line balancing problem (ALBP) but unequal multiple operators have not been considered much. In this paper we present a novel approach of assembly line balancing Type-2 with unequal multiple operators by using an already developed code in Matlab (Tomlab modeling platform). The adopted approach can be applied at line balancing problems ranging from few to hundreds of work elements to achieve minimum cycle time with very less computational effort.
Mathematical Modeling of Manufacturing Process Plan, Optimization Analysis with Stochastic and DSM Modeling Techniques
Authors: Asgher Umer , Ahmad Riaz , Butt Shahid Ikramullah
Published: September 2013

The first job of the manufacturing workforce as they get novel drawings is to carry out the process planning. This task, once finished, usually direct both the organization and manufacturing setups. Process planning in manufacturing setup offers a specific and clear chronological path regarding how the product should be running and fabricated in a manufacturing system. In highly developed manufacturing setups, this would persuade, how the setup will be planned and laid out in grounding for the novel product. In this research work, fundamental process plan is developed for a side plate manufacturing together with all design and user requirements. Mathematically modeling is done using progressive closed loop approach. Research then searches the capabilities of optimization techniques like DSM (dependency structure matrix) and a novel stochastic search to provide the best approximate process planning solution. Finally the global optimization is analysed in both the techniques and one technique reaches at optimum solution.