bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Activated zinc transporter ZIP7 as an indicator of anti-hormone resistance in breast cancer
Authors: Ziliotto Silvia , Gee Julia M W , Ellis Ian O , Green Andrew R , Finlay Pauline , Gobbato Anna , Taylor Kathryn M
Published: September 2019

ZIP7, a member of the ZIP family of zinc importers, resides on the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and transports zinc from intracellular stores to the cytoplasm after activation by CK2 phosphorylation on two serine residues (S275 and S276). ZIP7 is known to be required for the growth of anti-hormone resistant breast cancer models, especially those with acquired tamoxifen resistance developed from MCF-7. Using our new pS275S276ZIP7 antibody which only recognises activated ZIP7 (pZIP7), we have demonstrated that the hyperactivation of ZIP7 is prevalent in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells. This evidence suggests that pZIP7 might have potential as a biomarker of acquired resistance to such anti-hormones in breast cancer, a current unmet clinical need. In this regard, we have also developed a new immunohistochemical assay for pZIP7 which allowed pZIP7 to be tested on a small clinical series of breast cancer tissues confirming its prevalence in such tumours and relationship to a variety of clinicopathological parameters and biomarkers previously associated with endocrine resistant phenotypes, notably increased activated MAPK signalling, expression of ErbB2, CD71 and the proto-oncogene c-Fos, as well as with increased tumour grade.
Direct radiofluorination of a heat-sensitive antibody by Al–18F complexation
Authors: Huynh Phuong Tu , Soni Nisarg , Pal Rammyani , Sarkar Swarbhanu , Jung Jung-Min , Lee Woonghee , Yoo Jeongsoo
Published: September 2019

A heat-sensitive antibody conjugated with the NODA chelator was successfully radiolabeled at 30 °C using Al–18F complexation without immunoreactivity loss.
A superhydrophobic poly(lactic acid) electrospun nanofibrous membrane surface-functionalized with TiO2 nanoparticles and methyltrichlorosilane for oil/water separation and dye adsorption
Authors: Zhou Zixuan , Liu Lejing , Yuan Weizhong
Published: September 2019

A superhydrophobic PLA electrospun nanofibrous membrane surface-functionalized with TiO2 nanoparticles and methyltrichlorosilane can achieve oil/water separation and methylene blue adsorption.
Viral antigen nanoparticles for discriminated and quantitative detection of different subtypes of anti-virus immunoglobulins
Authors: Kwon J.-H. , Kim H.-H. , Cho H.-B. , Cha Y. J. , Lee J.
Published: September 2019

The aim of this study is to develop a novel method for the accurate diagnosis of the infection status of viral diseases, which requires discriminated and quantitative detection of different anti-virus immunoglubulin subtypes.
Colloidal-annealing of ZnO nanoparticles to passivate traps and improve charge extraction in colloidal quantum dot solar cells
Authors: Woo Ho Kun , Kang Min Su , Park Taesung , Bang Junsung , Jeon Sanghyun , Lee Woo Seok , Ahn Junhyuk , Cho Geonhee , Ko Dong-Kyun , Kim Younghoon , Ha Don-Hyung , Oh Soong Ju
Published: September 2019

We introduce a simple method of colloidal annealing to passivate the trap-sites and downshift the band energy of ZnO nanoparticles which efficiently improved the photovoltaic performance.
A solvent-free mechanochemical synthesis of polyaromatic hydrocarbon derivatives
Authors: Wang Cong , Hill Malik , Theard Brandon , Mack James
Published: September 2019

A solvent-free use of mechanochemistry on an iterative strategy for the synthesis of polyaromatic hydrocarbon derivatives.
Selective Wacker type oxidation of a macrocyclic diene to the corresponding monounsaturated ketone used as fragrance
Authors: Brunzel Tom , Heppekausen Johannes , Panten Johannes , Köckritz Angela
Published: September 2019

A selective reaction method for the efficient conversion of an isomeric mixture of 1,9-cyclohexadecadiene (1,9-CHDD) to the corresponding monounsaturated cyclohexadec-8-en-1-one (8-CHD) is described.
New protocol for optimisation of polymer composition for imprinting of peptides and proteins
Authors: Bedwell Thomas S. , Anjum Nadeem , Ma Yifeng , Czulak Joanna , Poma Alessandro , Piletska Elena , Whitcombe Michael J. , Piletsky Sergey A.
Published: September 2019

A novel screening tool for high-throughput optimisation of monomer composition for imprinting of peptides and proteins.
LncRNA NEXN-AS1 attenuates proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells through sponging miR-33a/b
Authors: Wu Leiming , Li Yapeng , Zhang Dianhong , Huang Zhen , Du Binbin , Wang Zheng , Yang Lulu , Zhang Yanzhou
Published: September 2019

Non-protein-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as important regulators in disease pathogenesis, including atherosclerosis (AS).
Resolving the structure of the E1state of Mo nitrogenase through Mo and Fe K-edge EXAFS and QM/MM calculations
Authors: Van Stappen Casey , Thorhallsson Albert Thor , Decamps Laure , Bjornsson Ragnar , DeBeer Serena
Published: September 2019

The FeMoco cluster of Mo nitrogenase undergoes minor distortions upon reduction to E1, supporting iron-based reduction and belt sulfide protonation.
Classification of the reversible–irreversible transitions in particle trajectories across the jamming transition point
Authors: Nagasawa Kentaro , Miyazaki Kunimasa , Kawasaki Takeshi
Published: September 2019

The reversible–irreversible (RI) transition of particle trajectories in athermal colloidal suspensions under cyclic shear deformation is an archetypal nonequilibrium phase transition which has attracted much attention recently.
An in situ constructed topological rich vacancy-defect nitrogen-doped nanocarbon as a highly-effective metal-free oxygen catalyst for Li–O2 batteries
Authors: Sun Zemin , Lin Liu , Wei Yaqing , Yuan Mengwei , Li Huifeng , Nan Caiyun , Yin Kuibo , Sun Genban , Long Run , Yang Xiaojing
Published: September 2019

Through simple magnesiothermic technology, a topological rich-vacancy-defect nitrogen-doped nanocarbon material was obtained that shows outstanding ORR and OER electrocatalytic properties in a Li–O2 battery.
A bifunctional auxiliary electrode for safe lithium metal batteries
Authors: Moon Sehwan , Tamwattana Orapa , Park Hyeokjun , Yoon Gabin , Seong Won Mo , Lee Myeong Hwan , Park Kyu-Young , Meethong Nonglak , Kang Kisuk
Published: September 2019

Increasing demands for performance beyond the limit of current lithium ion batteries for higher energy densities have rejuvenated research using lithium metal as an anode.
Identification of protein targets and the mechanism of the cytotoxic action ofIpomoea turpethumextract loaded nanoparticles against breast cancer cells
Authors: Mughees Mohd , Samim Mohd , Sharma Yadhu , Wajid Saima
Published: September 2019

The shortcomings of the currently available anti-breast cancer agents compel the development of the safer targeted drug delivery for the treatment of breast cancer.
Trehalose-functional glycopeptide enhances glycerol-free cryopreservation of red blood cells
Authors: Liu Bo , Zhang Qifa , Zhao Yunhui , Ren Lixia , Yuan Xiaoyan
Published: September 2019

Arginine- and trehalose-modified ε-polylysine (ε-PL) demonstrated a high synergistic function with trehalose for RBC cryopreservation.
Efficient perovskite solar cells fabricated by manganese cations incorporated in hybrid perovskites
Authors: Liu Wei , Chu Liang , Liu Nanjing , Ma Yuhui , Hu Ruiyuan , Weng Yakui , Li Hui , Zhang Jian , Li Xing’ao , Huang Wei
Published: September 2019

Efficient perovskite solar cells fabricated by manganese cations incorporated in hybrid perovskites.
miR-140-5p mediates bevacizumab-induced cytotoxicity to cardiomyocytes by targeting the VEGFA/14-3-3γ signal pathway
Authors: Chen Xuan-Ying , Huang Wei-Lin , Peng Xiao-Ping , Lv Yan-Ni , Li Jun-He , Xiong Jian-Ping
Published: September 2019

Bevacizumab (BVZ) is the first recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA) approved by the FDA for the treatment of different kinds of cancers, especially colorectal cancer. Although the anti-tumor effects have been verified, the side effects of BVZ are also noteworthy, among which, cardiotoxicity may be the most serious side effect of BVZ. However, the exact mechanisms of cardiotoxicity induced by BVZ have been little explored. This study was conducted in vitro in a human cardiac myocyte (HCM) model. MTT assay was conducted to determine BVZ-stimulated cell viability. For testing the function and mechanism, the cells were transfected with miR-140-5p mimics, miR-140-5p inhibitor and/or VEGFA small interfering RNA (si-VEGFA). Then, apoptosis of the cells was detected via annexin V/propidium iodide (AV-PI) staining followed by flow cytometry. qRT-PCR and western blot assays were applied to measure gene expression (i.e. mRNA) and protein levels, respectively. The CK, LDH, SOD, CAT and GSH-Px activities and MDA level were determined using commercial kits. ROS levels were determined by DCFH-DA assay. Mitochondrial membrane potential was measured by JC-1 assay. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to detect the interaction between miR-140-5p and VEGFA. BVZ could inhibit HCM proliferation and induce apoptosis. miR-140-5p was upregulated in response to BVZ treatment and miR-140-5p restraint could alleviate HCM damage caused by BVZ treatment. In contrast, VEGFA and 14-3-3γ expressions were down-regulated by BVZ, and miR-140-5p could inhibit the expression of 14-3-3γ by directly targeting VEGFA. Moreover, VEGFA suppression enhanced HCM injury stimulated by BVZ and partially reversed the functional role of the miR-140-5p inhibitor in BVZ-treated cells. Taken together, miR-140-5p promoted BVZ-treated cardiomyocyte toxicity by targeting the VEGFA/14-3-3γ signal pathway. Collectively, miR-140-5p mediated the BVZ-induced cytotoxicity to cardiomyocytes by targeting the VEGFA/14-3-3γ signal pathway, indicating that miR-140-5p may be a novel target for treating BVZ-induced cardiotoxicity.
Conserved bases for the initial cyclase in gibberellin biosynthesis: from bacteria to plants
Authors: Lemke Cody , Potter Kevin C. , Schulte Samuel , Peters Reuben J.
Published: September 2019

All land plants contain at least one class II diterpene cyclase (DTC), which utilize an acid-base catalytic mechanism, for the requisite production of ent-copalyl diphosphate (ent-CPP) in gibberellin A (GA) phytohormone biosynthesis. These ent-CPP synthases (CPSs) are hypothesized to be derived from ancient bacterial origins and, in turn, to have given rise to the frequently observed additional DTCs utilized in more specialized plant metabolism. However, such gene duplication and neo-functionalization has occurred repeatedly, reducing the utility of phylogenetic analyses. Support for evolutionary scenarios can be found in more specific conservation of key enzymatic features. While DTCs generally utilize a DxDD motif as the catalytic acid, the identity of the catalytic base seems to vary depending, at least in part, on product outcome. The CPS from Arabidopsis thaliana has been found to utilize a histidine-asparagine dyad to ligate a water molecule that serves as the catalytic base, with alanine substitution leading to the production of 8β-hydroxy-ent-CPP. Here this dyad and effect of Ala substitution is shown to be specifically conserved in plant CPSs involved in GA biosynthesis, providing insight into plant DTC evolution and assisting functional assignment. Even more strikingly, while GA biosynthesis arose independently in plant-associated bacteria and fungi, the catalytic base dyad also is specifically found in the relevant bacterial, but not fungal, CPSs. This suggests functional conservation of CPSs from bacteria to plants, presumably reflecting an early role for derived diterpenoids in both plant development and plant–microbe interactions, eventually leading to GA, and a speculative evolutionary scenario is presented.
Clinical value of a plasma Epstein–Barr virus DNA assay in the diagnosis of recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a meta-analysis
Authors: Peng Haiqin , Li Zhanzhan , Long Yujiao , Li Jiahui , Liu Zhiyuan , Zhou Rongrong
Published: September 2019

Background: To evaluate the diagnostic value of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) DNA in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients with locoregional or distant recurrence.

Methods: Articles related to the diagnosis of recurrent or metastatic NPC by the detection of EBV DNA in plasma or serum were retrieved from different databases. Sensitivity, specificity, summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curves, and likelihood ratios were pooled to assess the diagnostic value of individual diagnostic tests.

Results: This meta-analysis pooled 25 eligible studies including 2496 patients with NPC. The sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (+LR), and negative likelihood ratio (−LR) of EBV DNA in the diagnosis of NPC were 0.858 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.801–0.901), 0.890 (95% CI: 0.866–0.909), 7.782 (95% CI: 6.423–9.429) and 0.159 (95% CI: 0.112–0.226), respectively. The diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) was 48.865 (95% CI: 31.903–74.845). The SROC for EBV DNA detection was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.90–0.95).

Conclusion: The detection of EBV DNA for the diagnosis of recurrent or metastatic NPC has good sensitivity and specificity and might be helpful in monitoring recurrent or metastatic NPC.
L‐CNN: a lattice cross‐fusion strategy for multistream convolutional neural networks
Authors: de Almeida A.P.G.S. , de Barros Vidal F.
Published: September 2019

This Letter proposes a fusion strategy for multistream convolutional networks, the lattice cross fusion. This approach crosses signals from convolution layers performing mathematical operation‐based fusions right before pooling layers. Results on a purposely worsened CIFAR‐10, a popular image classification data set, with a modified AlexNet‐LCNN version show that this novel method outperforms by the baseline single stream network, with faster convergence, stability and robustness.
System approach to development of Intellectual Information Mobile System for Electric Power Metering
Authors: Vorozhtsova Nadezhda , Shushkov Ilya , Vologdin Sergey
Published: September 2019

The relevance of the work lies in the application of universal image processing for further verification of data. The use of pattern recognition makes it possible to quickly identify errors in the manual entry of various information. The object of the research is business processes aimed at detailed monitoring and metering of electric power of IDGC of Center and Volga Region, PJSC, Udmurtenergo branch. Subject of research - the principles of design and practical application of the intellectual system in the enterprise. The aim of the work is to increase the level of reliability of commercial accounting of electricity. Development of the Intellectual Information System for Electric Power Metering (IISEPM) by applying the data collection terminals has been proposed in order to solve the problem of mobile electricity metering. The implementation of IISEPM will reduce commercial losses and improve the observability and controllability of the power grid infrastructure. For enterprises, which activities are aimed at providing services for the electricity transmission to a large number of consumers, it is important to have an accurate idea of the number of the provided services. In the modern conditions, it is possible to automate the process of collecting information, so that in the future it will be possible to verify the received data in a single processing center. Taking readings from metering devices is a necessary monthly procedure. The traditional way is that the consumer writes down the meter readings on paper, and then also manually calculates the amount of energy spent per month. The next step for the consumer is to transfer the readings taken from the power sales company, where employees record the meter readings and then also manually calculates the amount of energy spent per month. The next step for the consumer is to transfer the readings taken from the power sales company, where employees record the meter readings in the database. The user has the right to transfer data remotely by logging into his personal account on the company’s website. The power supply company, having received the consumer’s data, calculates the cost of the electricity consumed at a certain tariff and notifies the consumer about it, sending him a receipt of payment. Automation will reduce the amount of paper media. The human factor will also be excluded, which will increase the accuracy of the calculated energy consumption and, therefore, the inadmissibility of emergency situations will be achieved. Index Terms—convolutional neural network, data collection terminal, information-analytical complex, intelligent information mobile system, mobile energy accounting, pattern recognition, service-oriented architecture, Viola-Jones method.
Improving the efficiency of electric network equipment operational service
Authors: Rychagova Elena , Levin Vladimir M.
Published: September 2019

Maintenance and repair (M&R) of electric network equipment is one of the crucial methods for reliable power supplying. For implementing the condition based maintenance strategy is necessary to solve a number of problems, including prioritizing of preventive measures order and determining optimal time of their periodic. This paper points out two specific aspects: 1) development of an adequate reliability simulation model to optimize the operational factors of electric network equipment; 2) advantages of the proposed M&R optimization methodology in the operational process of real distribution system. Developed probabilistic mathematical model of M&R allows determining criteria for obtaining the optimal solution according to the results of numerical calculations procedures. Described mathematical model is based on the theory of controlled Markov processes. This mathematical method allows describing “ageing” systems. The main advantages of the model are the possibility of considering all random processes for described type of equipment and obtaining the analytical solutions for basic reliability and economical indexes. Based on this, the criterions and strategy for choosing an optimal time intervals of M&R procedures have been formed. Improving the efficiency of M&R of electrical equipment is considered on a real distribution network.
Reliability level research in distribution electrical networks of Irkutsk
Authors: Naumov Igor V. , Karpova Elena V. , Karamov Dmitriy N.
Published: September 2019

Forecasting of level of reliability of power supply of consumers is one of the major tasks at implementation of actions for improvement of operational characteristics of distribution electrical networks. On the one hand, assessment of damageability allows to develop a number of actions for increase in reliability of electric equipment and elements of electrical networks, with another, to create a stock of that equipment which is subject to risk of premature failure. The purpose of the present article is implementation of statistical assessment of damageability of basic elements of distribution electrical networks of 10 kV on the basis of the predicted information on possible refusals in these networks. The main objectives for achievement of the specified purpose are: 1. Implementation of preventive assessment of refusals in electrical networks on the basis of data of dispatching magazines of observations; 2. Statistical assessment of casual events of failures of electric equipment and detection of their laws of distribution.
Current and Voltage Harmonic Analysis of the Oil Production Enterprise with Abruptly Variable Load
Authors: Zyryanov Vyacheslav , Khatylenko Roman , Potapenko Anton
Published: September 2019

The monitoring results of 6 kV diesel power plant mode parameters are presented in the paper. The diesel power plant supplies the drilling unit of the oil production enterprise. The main goal of the paper is to estimate electric power quality indexes connected with voltage unsinusoidality of the monitored off-grid power system, to compare them with specified in State Standard 32144-2013 [1] and to provide high harmonics reduce methods. The real mode parameters measurements of 3600 kVA diesel power plant in different technological processes connected with oil production were used during the research. The MATLAB software and integrated Fourier transform function were applied to elaborate the mode parameters measurements. Based on harmonic analysis generalized results it is obtained that in many technological processes electric power quality indexes fail to meet the requirements of State Standard 32144-2013 [1]. The filter compensating device with reactive power 1350 kvar installed on 6 kV bus doesn’t allow to supply required electric power quality indexes. The DC drive thyristors rectifiers and the frequency converters of the asynchronous motors of the drill unit parts are the main sources of high harmonics in steady-state modes. The harmonic composition essential changes and electric power quality indexes are reduced due to load power dumps and surges. The high harmonics in such modes are caused by transients in synchronous generators providing supply of the considered power system. The quick-operating electric energy storage system with active power filter function [2] has been proposed as a method to reduce the harmonics.
Metal hydride technologies for renewable energy
Authors: Kazakov Alexey , Blinov Dmitry , Romanov Ivan , Dunikov Dmitry , Borzenko Vasily
Published: September 2019

Significant progress in the installation of renewable energy requires the improvement of energy production and storage technologies. Hydrogen energy storage systems based on reversible metal hydride materials can be used as an energy backup system. Metal hydride hydrogen storage systems are distinguished by a high degree of safety of their use, since hydrogen is stored in a solid phase, a high volumetric density of stored hydrogen, and the possibility of long-term storage without losses. A distinctive feature of metal hydride materials is the reversible and selective absorption and release of high-purity hydrogen. This paper presents experimental studies of LaNi5-based metal hydride materials with a useful hydrogen capacity of 1.0–1.3 wt.% H2with equilibrium pressures of 0.025 - 0.05 MPa and 0.1 - 1.2 MPa at moderate temperatures of 295 - 353 K for the hydrogen purification systems and hydrogen long-term storage systems, respectively. The applicability of metal hydride technologies for renewable energy sources as energy storage systems in the form of hydrogen is also shown.
The Efficiency of Distributed and Centralized Power System Integration
Authors: Byk Felix , Frolova Yana , Myshkina Ludmila
Published: September 2019

The existing centralized power supply system has the alternative due to distributed generation. By certain conditions distributed cogeneration allows to increase the reliability and quality of power supply and to reduce the cost of electricity for consumers. Therefore, a lot of energy-intensive consumers switched to their own power supply systems, as it turned out to be a competitive technical solution. The total gasification of the country’s regions and the presence of domestic manufacturers of gas turbine and gas piston power plants accelerated this process. Nowadays local power systems are emerging with cogeneration plants are the main source of heat and electricity there. The feasibility justification of the kind and type of generation is determined by many factors, including circuit-mode parameters in the local power system and adjacent network. Local power systems based on the principles of self-balance are proposed to name as energy cells. The integration of energy cells with regional power system increases the technical and economic effectiveness of power supply system for consumers. The proposed power systems transition leads to certain systemic effects. Received effects are depending on functions of distributed generation. This paper explores the impact of scheme and mode factor on the technical effects.
Turning Iraq into a country of energy exporter through the exploitation of solar energy and vast desert land
Authors: Abass Ahmed. Z. , Pavlyuchenko D.A
Published: September 2019

The Iraqi government and people are not fully aware of the importance of renewable energy, so developing renewable energy technology in the region is primarily and a result of individual’s initiatives and non-governmental organizations instead of official policy. The fossil fuel is not limitless though in the next hundred years will be vanished, the only continuous resource is the solar energy as a solution to hinder the CO2 emission from various sources of fossil and biofuel. The solar energy requires an immediate attention due to the climatic change that affects the global warming. Iraq is a region rich in solar energy, where the sun’s brightness increases more than 3300 hours a year. The solar radiation falling in the desert areas of Iraq, which now accounts for more than 60% of the country’s area. 437072 km2 is equal to hundreds of thousands of times the total energy generated in this country. This is given Iraq a hand to stay as an energy supplier in the future as well as the present supplier of energy in the form of fossil fuel. Iraq consists of 18 provinces, three of which are in the northern province of the Kurdistan region and each province has the powers of semi-independent and special budget allocated by the central government where the provincial councils can invest part of this budget in the establishment of solar power stations, especially the provinces that suffer from lack of energy through the exploitation of other areas (deserts) to create such stations. the middle and south of Iraq have an averaged from16 to 10 MJ/m2/day for 5 months in the north, 6 months in the middle and southern region, respectively. But in western desert of Al-Anbar district almost have 8 month of sun shine duration while the lowest is over 4 MJ/m2/day. This energy is quite sufficient to drive all thermal photovoltaics (PV), Integrated Solar Combined Cycle (ISCC) plant and all houses hold facilities of heating, cooling and water distillation along the year.
Numerical Study on the Efficiency of Biomass and Municipal Waste Fixed-Bed Co-Gasification
Authors: Donskoy Igor G.
Published: September 2019

The utilization of combustible waste, such as sewage sludge, can be combined with energy production for small-scale consumers. One of the ways of such utilization can be gasification, which makes it possible to obtain a combustible gas suitable for thermal and electric energy production. The aim of this study is to estimate the efficiency of sewage sludge co-conversion with woody biomass using mathematical model that allows to investigate process characteristics under different process conditions (air stoichiometric ratio, fuel mixture composition, initial moisture of sewage sludge). Dependencies of gasification process characteristics are evaluated and compared with published experimental data. Fixed-bed downdraft process is investigated related to using of wood and sewage sludge mixtures. New results are obtained considering process efficiency dependence on input fuel composition, method is proposed to estimate acceptable fuel mixtures based on agglomeration and efficiency requirements.
Gewichtsstabilisierung nach
Gewichtsreduktion
Authors: de Zwaan Martina
Published: September 2019

Die Adipositas wird als chronische Erkrankung mit hoher Rezidivneigung gesehen.
Daher müssen über die Phase der Gewichtsabnahme hinaus langfristige Maßnahmen
zur Gewichtsstabilisierung angeboten werden. Einen erfolgreichen Gewichtsverlust
zu halten wird durch unsere adipogene Umwelt, physiologische Veränderungen nach
Gewichtsabnahme und psychologische Faktoren erschwert. Um Verhaltensänderungen,
die eine Gewichtsstabilisierung unterstützen, zu erreichen, werden eine
Anpassung der therapeutischen Haltung sowie spezifische therapeutische Ansätze
empfohlen.
Bauchaortenaneurysma – Diagnostik und interventionell-radiologische Therapie
Authors: Anton Susanne , Stahlberg Erik , Goltz Jan Peter
Published: September 2019

Das Bauchaortenaneurysma (BAA) als eine fokale Erweiterung aller Wandschichten der Aorta abdominalis ist ein komplexes und lebensbedrohliches Krankheitsbild – Albert Einstein und Charles de Gaulle sind an einer Ruptur verblutet. Eine endovaskuläre Aortenreparatur (EVAR) oder offen-chirurgische Therapie haben das Ziel, das Rupturrisiko niedrig zu halten bzw. zu eliminieren und die Lebenserwartung des Patienten zu verbessern.
Extreme heterogeneity in sex chromosome differentiation and dosage compensation in livebearers
Authors: Darolti Iulia , Wright Alison E. , Sandkam Benjamin A. , Morris Jake , Bloch Natasha I. , Farré Marta , Fuller Rebecca C. , Bourne Godfrey R. , Larkin Denis M. , Breden Felix , Mank Judith E.
Published: September 2019

Once recombination is halted between the X and Y chromosomes, sex chromosomes begin to differentiate and transition to heteromorphism. While there is a remarkable variation across clades in the degree of sex chromosome divergence, far less is known about the variation in sex chromosome differentiation within clades. Here, we combined whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing data to characterize the structure and conservation of sex chromosome systems across Poeciliidae, the livebearing clade that includes guppies. We found that the
Poecilia reticulata
XY system is much older than previously thought, being shared not only with its sister species,
Poecilia wingei
, but also with
Poecilia picta
, which diverged roughly 20 million years ago. Despite the shared ancestry, we uncovered an extreme heterogeneity across these species in the proportion of the sex chromosome with suppressed recombination, and the degree of Y chromosome decay. The sex chromosomes in
P. reticulata
and
P. wingei
are largely homomorphic, with recombination in the former persisting over a substantial fraction. However, the sex chromosomes in
P. picta
are completely nonrecombining and strikingly heteromorphic. Remarkably, the profound degradation of the ancestral Y chromosome in
P. picta
is counterbalanced by the evolution of functional chromosome-wide dosage compensation in this species, which has not been previously observed in teleost fish. Our results offer important insight into the initial stages of sex chromosome evolution and dosage compensation.
A unifying model for the accretion of chondrules and matrix
Authors: van Kooten Elishevah M. M. E. , Moynier Frédéric , Agranier Arnaud
Published: September 2019

The so far unique role of our Solar System in the universe regarding its capacity for life raises fundamental questions about its formation history relative to exoplanetary systems. Central in this research is the accretion of asteroids and planets from a gas-rich circumstellar disk and the final distribution of their mass around the Sun. The key building blocks of the planets may be represented by chondrules, the main constituents of chondritic meteorites, which in turn are primitive fragments of planetary bodies. Chondrule formation mechanisms, as well as their subsequent storage and transport in the disk, are still poorly understood, and their origin and evolution can be probed through their link (i.e., complementary or noncomplementary) to fine-grained dust (matrix) that accreted together with chondrules. Here, we investigate the apparent chondrule–matrix complementarity by analyzing major, minor, and trace element compositions of chondrules and matrix in altered and relatively unaltered CV, CM, and CR (Vigarano-type, Mighei-type, and Renazzo-type) chondrites. We show that matrices of the most unaltered CM and CV chondrites are overall CI-like (Ivuna-type) (similar to solar composition) and do not reflect any volatile enrichment or elemental patterns complementary to chondrules, the exception being their Fe/Mg ratios. We propose to unify these contradictory data by invoking a chondrule formation model in which CI-like dust accreted to so-called armored chondrules, which are ubiquitous in many chondrites. Metal rims expelled during chondrule formation, but still attached to their host chondrule, interacted with the accreted matrix, thereby enriching the matrix in siderophile elements and generating an apparent complementarity.
On the bounded generation of arithmetic SL
2
Authors: Jordan Bruce W. , Zaytman Yevgeny
Published: September 2019

Significance

Let

𝒪

be the ring of integers in a number field with a finite number of prime ideals inverted. Whether every

2
×
2

matrix

A

with entries in

𝒪

and

det
A
=
1

is a product of a bounded number of elementary matrices

1

x

0

1

,

1

0

x

1

for

x
∈
𝒪

reflects the arithmetic of

𝒪

. If

𝒪

has infinitely many units, we prove 2 theorems bounding the number of elementary matrices required.
Chemical and structural analysis of a photoactive vertebrate cryptochrome from pigeon
Authors: Zoltowski Brian D. , Chelliah Yogarany , Wickramaratne Anushka , Jarocha Lauren , Karki Nischal , Xu Wei , Mouritsen Henrik , Hore Peter J. , Hibbs Ryan E. , Green Carla B. , Takahashi Joseph S.
Published: September 2019

Computational and biochemical studies implicate the blue-light sensor cryptochrome (CRY) as an endogenous light-dependent magnetosensor enabling migratory birds to navigate using the Earth’s magnetic field. Validation of such a mechanism has been hampered by the absence of structures of vertebrate CRYs that have functional photochemistry. Here we present crystal structures of
Columba livia
(pigeon) CRY4 that reveal evolutionarily conserved modifications to a sequence of Trp residues (Trp-triad) required for CRY photoreduction. In
Cl
CRY4, the Trp-triad chain is extended to include a fourth Trp (W369) and a Tyr (Y319) residue at the protein surface that imparts an unusually high quantum yield of photoreduction. These results are consistent with observations of night migratory behavior in animals at low light levels and could have implications for photochemical pathways allowing magnetosensing.
Photosystem II oxygen-evolving complex photoassembly displays an inverse H/D solvent isotope effect under chloride-limiting conditions
Authors: Vinyard David J. , Badshah Syed Lal , Riggio M. Rita , Kaur Divya , Fanguy Annaliesa R. , Gunner M. R.
Published: September 2019

Significance

Metal clusters play important roles in a wide variety of proteins. In cyanobacteria, algae, and plants, photosystem II uses light energy to oxidize water and release O2at an active site that contains 1 calcium and 4 manganese atoms. This cluster must be built within the protein environment through a process known as photoassembly. Through experiments and simulations, we found that the efficiency of photoassembly was highly dependent on protons and chloride. Surprisingly, when the solvent was switched from H2O to deuterated water, D2O, the yield of photoassembly was higher. These results provide insights into the stepwise mechanism of photoassembly that can inform synthesis and repair strategies being developed for artificial photosynthesis technologies.
The interaction between inhibitory control and corrective feedback timing
Authors: Yilmaz Yucel , Sağdıç Ayşenur
Published: September 2019

This article reports a study investigating the role of inhibitory control in the acquisition of Spanish noun-adjective gender agreement under different feedback timing conditions. Forty-three Spanish learners completed a communicative task through synchronous computer-mediated communication. The immediate group received reformulations immediately after their errors, whereas the delayed group received reformulations at the end of the task. The control group did not receive any feedback. Learners’ knowledge of the target form was assessed using oral production and grammaticality judgment tests at three different times: once before the treatment, once immediately after the treatment, and once ten days after the treatment. Inhibitory control was measured with the Flanker test. Results did not show a statistically significant interaction between inhibitory control and feedback timing group on either outcome measure even though the correlations between learners’ gains and inhibitory control were different across groups.
Creep resistance of Fe–Ni–Cr heat resistant alloys for reformer tube applications
Authors: Tancret F. , Laigo J. , Furtado J.
Published: September 2019

Relations between microstructure, phase transformations and creep resistance of austenitic Fe–Ni–Cr alloys are investigated. As-cast alloys with different silicon contents and an ex-service tube are submitted to laboratory agings to trigger specific phase transformations, and subsequently creep-tested at 950°C under stresses of 24–48 MPa. As-cast microstructures contain interdendritic chromium-rich M7C3 carbides with niobium-rich MC carbides. After aging at 950°C, primary M7C3 carbides transform into chromium-rich M23C6 carbides, associated to a loss in creep strength. The G phase present in the ex-service alloy is reversed into MC carbides by a heat treatment at 1100°C, associated to a slight decrease in creep resistance. Besides, the addition of silicon is highly detrimental to creep strength. Results can be used for alloy design.
Daily administration of Sake Lees (Sake Kasu) reduced psychophysical stress-induced hyperalgesia and Fos responses in the lumbar spinal dorsal horn evoked by noxious stimulation to the hindpaw in the rats
Authors: Shimizu Shiho , Nakatani Yosuke , Kakihara Yoshito , Taiyoji Mayumi , Saeki Makio , Takagi Ritsuo , Yamamura Kensuke , Okamoto Keiichiro
Published: September 2019

We tested whether Sake Lees (SL) had inhibitory effects on hyperalgesia in the hindpaw under psychophysical stress conditions. Male rats were subjected to repeated forced swim stress treatments (FST) from Day −3 to Day −1. Intraperiotoneal administration of SL which contained low concentration of ethanol (SLX) was conducted after each FST. On Day 0, formalin-evoked licking behaviors and Fos responses in the lumbar spinal cord (DH) and several areas within the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) were quantified as nociceptive responses. FST-induced hyperalgesia in the hindpaw was prevented by repeated SL and SLX treatments. Fos expression was significantly increased in DH and some areas within the RVM under FST, which was prevented by repeated SL or SLX. These findings indicated that daily administration of SL had the potential to alleviate stress-induced hyperalgesia.
The potential and challenges of time-resolved single-photon detection based on current-carrying superconducting nanowires
Authors: Zhang Hengbin , Xiao Lin , Luo Bingcheng , Guo Jianghua , Zhang Labao , Xie Jun
Published: September 2019

Superconducting nanowire-based devices are being hailed as promising single-photon detectors that exhibit excellent combined properties. In particular, their unrivalled time-resolution ability has made these devices potentially revolutionary for the commercial ultrafast single-photon measurement and analysis fields. In this review, we present a detailed summary of the influencing factors and the intrinsic physical mechanism of the temporal resolution in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs). We elaborate on the two internal components of temporal resolution, the time response and time jitter, as well as on many measurement methods and device structure modifications attempted to exclude external interference, thus approaching the ultimate limits of time-resolved single photon detection. The investigation of the temporal resolution of SNSPDs not only sheds light on the intrinsic physical mechanism but also contributes to time-related practical engineering applications.
State independent contextuality advances one-way communication
Authors: Saha Debashis , Horodecki Paweł , Pawłowski Marcin
Published: September 2019

Although ‘quantum contextuality’ is one of the most fundamental non-classical feature, its generic role in information processing and computation is an open quest. In this article, we present a family of distributed computing tasks pertaining to every logical proof of Kochen–Specker (KS) contextuality in two different one-way communication scenarios: (I) communication of bounded dimensional system, (II) communication of unbounded dimensional system while keeping certain information oblivious, namely, oblivious communication (OC). As the later remains largely unexplored, we introduce a general framework for OC tasks and provide a methodology for obtaining an upper bound on the success of OC tasks in classical communication. We show that quantum communication comprised of every KS set of vectors outperforms classical communication and perfectly accomplish the task in both the aforementioned scenarios. We explicitly discuss the communication tasks pertaining to the simplest state independent contextuality sets of dimension three and four. Our results establish an operational significance to single system contextuality and open up the possibility of semi-device independent quantum information processing based on that. Alongside, we identify any advantage in OC tasks as a witness of preparation contextuality.
On quantumness in multi-parameter quantum estimation
Authors: Carollo Angelo , Spagnolo Bernardo , Dubkov Alexander A , Valenti Davide
Published: September 2019

In this article we derive a measure of quantumness in quantum multi-parameter estimation problems. We can show that the ratio between the mean Uhlmann curvature and the Fisher information provides a figure of merit which estimates the amount of incompatibility arising from the quantum nature of the underlying physical system. This ratio accounts for the discrepancy between the attainable precision in the simultaneous estimation of multiple parameters and the precision predicted by the Cramér–Rao bound. As a testbed for this concept, we consider a quantum many-body system in thermal equilibrium, and explore the quantum compatibility of the model across its phase diagram.
Dynamical forming and applications of nanocomposites from organic and inorganic components for new trends in material research and technologies
Authors: Cebruk I S , Pokidov A P , Kedrov V V , Klassen N V
Published: September 2019

The composite scintillators from inorganic scintillators and organic phosphors provide unique combination of high light yield and nanosecond temporal resolution. Preparation of microfibers of these composites by means of centrifugation resulted in forming of axial nanosplitting and transverse micromodulation of their structure and optical properties, These modulations result in essential improvement of scintillation parameters of the composite providing the development of relatively simple and cheap X-Ray microscope. Ball rolling of inorganic solids provides superfast introduction of organic and inorganic components into subsurface layers for the special modifications of their properties. The superfast introduction is explained by propagation of nanocracks involving necessary dopants into the solid.
Vortices generation and detection in superfluid helium by using quartz tuning forks
Authors: Selin P G , Efimov V B
Published: September 2019

In this paper we present the results of an experimental investigation of the quantum vortices generation in superfluid helium by using quartz tuning forks; the estimates of the rate of the quantum vortexes generation and its decay are given.
Eddy currents in fine polycrystalline metal particle
Authors: Bassel M , Yushkanov A A
Published: September 2019

The magnetic dipole absorption in fine metal polycrystalline particle is considered. The kinetic equation with a collision integral that takes into account the influence of electron scattering at the grain boundaries on the properties of the metal has been solved. We consider the case of diffuse reflection of electrons from the sample surface Analysis of the dependence of the absorption cross section of particles from the parameter describing the degree of influence of the scattering on the grain boundaries of polycrystalline particles on the kinetic processes has been considered.
Heat transfer in the boundary layer in an incompressible fluid in terms of waveguide turbulence model
Authors: Zharov V A , Selim R S
Published: September 2019

The possibility of the description of the heat transfer processes in the developed turbulent boundary layer on the flat plate at zero angle attack with zero longitudinal pressure gradient in incompressible fluid is considered as a consequence of the waveguide theory of turbulent boundary layer. It is shown that the logarithmic distribution of temperature along normal coordinates arises in a natural way. It is pointed out the possibility of the intensification of the heat transfer due to generation of own modes of the temperature pulsations. The problem of heat transfer in a boundary layer on a plate flow round an incompressible fluid using the collocation method with Chebyshev polynomial is considered. The dependence of the eigen frequency of the least damped mode on the wave number is obtained. The amplitude of the exicted mode obeys the direct resonance equation if external excitation is applied to the system.
Kinetics of large scale vertical flow generation by weakly noncollinear nonlinear gravitational waves
Authors: Poplevin A V , Filatov S V , Brazhnikov M Yh , Likhter A M
Published: September 2019

The generation of a large-scale vortex flow by gravity waves on the water surface has been experimentally studied. It is shown that large-scale flows are formed as a result of the interaction between nonlinear low-frequency modes which intersect at small angles. The amplitude of vorticity at large scales increases with increasing angle between pump waves. The experimental data agree well with the developed theoretical model.
Features of nonlinear optical properties of thin-film phthalocyanine coatings obtained by femtosecond hardware-software Z-scan measurement complex
Authors: Khorkov K S , Chkalov R V , Kochuev D A , Kazak A V , Pushkarev V E , Tolbin A Yu
Published: September 2019

In this paper, we study the nonlinear optical properties of thin-film phthalocyanine coatings based on the developed femtosecond hardware-software complex Z-scan. As a control of the complex, a combined system is used to ensure the synchronization of all components of the installation, as well as to automate the process of data collection and processing, which greatly simplifies the process of conducting the Z-scanning experiment. The results of measurement of nonlinear optical properties of the phthalocyanine thin films using femtosecond laser radiation are presented.
BAM and GID structural investigation of 1,4,8,11,15,18-hexahexyloxy-22,23,24,25-tetrachlorophthalocyanine floating layers
Authors: Smirnova A , Kazak A , Kovaleva M , Marchenkova M , Rogachev A , Chausov D N , Glukhovskoy E , Usol’tseva N
Published: September 2019

The article presents a comprehensive study of the supramolecular organization of floating layers of the mix-substituted phthalocyanine of A3B-type (1,4,8,11,15,18-hexahexyloxy-22,23,24,25-tetrachlorophthalocyanine). Molecular packing modeling of the studied compound in monolayer structures on the water surface was simulated, and the parameters of the unit cell of the monolayer were calculated. On the base of these data, the supramolecular organization of the floating layers was proposed. Using Brewster microscopy (BAM) and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GID), it was shown that at the water/air interface the studied phthalocyanine forms a stable bilayer crystalline structure with an imperceptible number of 3D-aggregates. Interplanar spacing of the crystalline bilayer is 1.93 nm.
Sensitization of photoconductive soluble polyimides by dyes of rylene series with synergetic interaction between them
Authors: Rumyantsev B M , Berendyaev V I , Bibikov S B , Kuznetsov A A , Tsegelskaya A Ju
Published: September 2019

Using a mixture of two rylene dyes (D1 (400-620 nm and D2 (620-720 nm)) for obtaining polyimide composites with panchromatic photoelectrical sensitivity (PES) (400-720 nm) the considerable increase of both PES value and photogeneration charge carrier quantum yield in D2 absorption band is revealed caused by the presence of D1 dye (Synergetic Effect (SE)). The conditions of SE appearance and its mechanism are investigated.