bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Intellectual Capital on Company Value in Industries Affected by Covid-19
Authors: Fatmasari Yuli , Hisamuddin Nur , Wardhaningrum Oktaviani Ari
Published: January 2024

Purpose - This study aims to examine the effect of intellectual capital on company value in industries affected by covid-19 and to examine whether there are differences in intellectual capital between the two industries affected by covid-19.

Research Method - This research is quantitative research. The sample was selected based on a purposive sampling technique with certain criteria. After the sample selection process was carried out, it resulted in 62 total data samples obtained from 18 hotel, restaurant, and tourism industry companies and 13 health industry companies. The data covers the period from 2020-2021. The data analysis technique used is descriptive statistics with simple linear regression and different independent sample t-tests.

Findings - The results of the simple linear regression test show that intellectual capital has a significant effect on firm value. The results of the independent sample t-test show that there are differences between intellectual capital in the hotel, restaurant, and tourism industry and the health industry.

Implication - Company value is a representation of the state of a company, where potential investors will give a special assessment related to the good and bad performance of the company. Nevertheless, investors should consider the company’s intellectual capital too. Moreover, result of this research shows that the Covid-19 outbreaks make a significant difference to company value. Investors should take this into a concern in deciding investment decision.

Keywords: Intellectual Capital, Company Value, Covid-19
The Performance of Manufacturing Companies in Indonesia is Reviewed From The Characteristics of The Board of Directors, Audit Committee and Ownership
Authors: Yanto Wedi , Juliani Meily , Candra Rudi
Published: January 2024

Purpose - This research aims to prove the influence of the characteristics of the board of directors, audit committee, and ownership on the performance of manufacturing companies in Indonesia.

Research Method - Manufacturing companies that are registered on the IDX are used as objects in this research using a purposive sampling method and were obtained from 124 manufacturing companies in 2018-2022. Testing and analysis used Eviews 12 and IBM SPSS Statistics 25 software.

Findings - The results of this study are ownership concentration which has a significant positive effect and independent audit committee, independent board of directors have a significant negative effect on company performance. The results of this research are that ownership concentration has a significant positive effect on company performance. Independent audit committees and independent boards of directors have a significant negative effect on company performance. Meanwhile, other variables do not have a significant effect on company performance.  

Implication - GCG can help companies create effective policies. It also can help companies build the trust of stakeholders and shareholders.
Comparative Analysis Of Financial Performance Of Bank Bpd Diy And Bank Jateng For The 2019-2022 Period
Authors: Wende Maria Emerlinda , Paramitalaksmi Ratri
Published: January 2024

This research aims to determine the comparison of financial performance between BPD DIY and Bank Jateng (formerly: BPD Jateng) in the 2019-2022 period. Research Method – This study uses descriptive analysis, this study uses financial ratio analysis tools, normality test, independent Sample T-test if the data is normally distributed, and Mann Whitney test if the data is not normally distributed.  Findings - The conclusion of the research and discussion above, it can be said that Bank BPD DIY and Bank Jateng show significantly different financial performance as shown by the CAR ratio, while the ratio of NIM, ROA, NPL, and BOPO has no significant difference in financial performance.  Implication – This research is expected to be a reference for consideration to analyze the comparison of BPD DIY and Bank Jateng and other banks in the future.
Characteristics Of Young Learners.PNG
Authors: Almalti Khadija Suliman
Published: January 2024

The characteristics and skills children possess at school age are enormous and at the same time incredible. Hence, the researchers of this article have decided to describe some of these characteristics because they believe that such characteristics surely contribute positively to the success of children’s foreign language education. The article emphasizes the fact that a teacher of a foreign language has to have enough knowledge about children, their characteristics and their abilities before they meet with them in the classroom. The article also illustrates how an understanding of how children learn will make teaching effective and learning successful. Understanding the child learner’s behaviour and reaction towards what he/she encounters in their surrounding will certainly help language teachers in the task ahead of them. The task of teaching a foreign language to young learners requires enormous time and effort and, above all, preparation. Serious attention and intensive effort to understand the child learner’s characteristics and skills will certainly lead to successful and fruitful achievement of foreign language learning and teaching alike. This article, therefore, presents different learner’s characteristics, but it only focuses on two of them: Fun and play and Learning through doing. In addition, it looks at how these two characteristics are reflected in learning activities and textbooks.
Comme’ une caus ale ou un adverbe de maniere.PNG
Authors: EL.Fakhri Amel Mahdi
Published: January 2024

Our problem here is to "comme" is a causal condition or a gerund. The word "comme" is a common word used both in written and spoken language and despite its frequent use, it is rarely noticed in terms of grammatical or semantic function. Our aim of this study is to focus on its situational functions in particular.In conclusion we found that the word "comme" can perform the function of the concomitance and descriptive function and that despite the prevalence of its use followed by another adverb or a conjunction, but that the traditional grammar books do not study or notice these functions.
التعليم البيزنطي من القرن الخامس حتى العاشر الميلادي
Authors: الطيب أ.فتحية ميمون
Published: January 2024

كان التعليم أحد الجوانب الحضارية للإمب ا رطورية البيزنطية، وقد عُرف المجتمع البيزنطي بأنَ أغلبهكان مجتمعاً مثقف اً، وظهر فيه الكثير من المهتمين بالعلم والمعرفة، كما وضح دور كثير من الأباطرة في دعمهذا المجال. وجاءت أهمية الموضوع في أن الجوانب الحضارية البيزنطية لم تُدْرس بشكل مفصل، ومن هنا تمتسليط الضوء على التعليم وجوانبه المتعددة سواء الأساتذة أو الطلاب أو العلوم التي دُرست، وقد ا عتمدتُالد ا رسة المنهج السردي التحليلي، وواجهتها صعوبات تمثلت في قلة المصادر البيزنطية والم ا رجع التي تطرقتللجوانب الحضارية، إذ إن أغلب ما وُجد من كتب كان يهتم بالجانب السياسي والعسكري للإمب ا رطورية البيزنطية.توصلت الد ا رسة لعدة نتائج أهمها:

1. إن التعليم البيزنطي كان ساميا في كثير من جوانبه، حيث إنه جسدالواقع الذي عاشته البلاد في تلك الفت ا رت، ولكن من ناحية أخرى نجده في كثير من الأحيان مكملا لنهج منسبقوه من الإغريق والرومان.

2. كان التعليم في بدايته يعتمد بشكل أساسي على الدين، وذلك لقوة العاملالديني في العصور الوسطي، ولكن سيطرة الكنيسة وقوتها بدأت تتلاشي في أواخر العصر البيزنطي.

3. اهتم كثير من الأباطرة بالتشجيع على التعليم والمعرفة، وكان لهم دور كبير في بناء الم ا ركز التعليمية، وإيجادالمعلمين الماهرين للتدريس فيها.

4. ظهر لدى البيزنطيين العديد من العلماء والشخصيات البارزة، التي كانلها بصمتها في كثير من المجالات
زواج القاصرات بين الأسباب والتداعيات دراسة وصفية تحليلية لحجم ظاهرة زواج القاصرات في المجتمع الليبي
Authors: الزليتني د.فوزية , نوح أ.عبد الله
Published: January 2024

تستهدف الدراسة تناول ظاهرة زواج القاصرات في المجتمعات الإنسانية بصفة عامة والمجتمع الليبي على وجه الخصوص، مع عرض بعض النماذج العربية والعالمية للتعرف على الأسباب المؤدية إلى تزويج القصر من الفتيات في المجتمع الليبي، كما تستهدف الدراسة الكشف عن الاثار الناجمة عن الظاهرة، والتعرف على دور المؤسسات والجمعيات والمنظمات المعنية برعاية القاصرات، وتقديم الاقتراحات والتوصيات التي من شأنها التخفيف من حدة انتشار الظاهرة. وتأتي أهمية هذا الموضوع بوصفه موضوع يترجم لثقافة تقليدية ماتزال متوطنة في المجتمع الليبي، ويترتب عنها العديد من التداعيات على مستوى الفرد والأسرة والمجتمع، واستخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي المعتمد على التحليل الكمي والكيفي للبيانات المتاحة، وعُرضت مجموعة من النماذج المحلية والعربية، مع الاستعانة بعرض بعض المقابلات من تخصصات مختلفة اجتماعية وقانونية وطبية ونفسية تعاملت مع العديد من القاصرات، ثم عُرضت بعض المقترحات لمواجهة ظاهرة زواج القاصرات؛ عل ذلك يسهم في الحد من انتشار الظاهرة.
انتشار الطاعون في أوروبا في العصر الوسيط
Authors: الطيب د.فتحية ميمون , الدرسي د.عزالدين
Published: January 2024

تتناول الدراسة بالبحث موضوع انتشار الطاعون في أوربا في العصر الوسيط، قد تم تسجيل ثلاثة أوبئة عالمية كبيرة من الطاعون في العالم تمثلت في الأعوام 541م  - 1347 م -1894 م وتسبب كل منها في وفيات مدمرة للناس والحيوانات, وفي كل منها كان الكُتاب والمؤرخين  يُسهب في وصف أعراض المرض ونسبة الضحايا وأعمال وتدابير  الحكومات إزاءه.

توصلت هذه الدراسة لعدة نتائج من أهمها: (1) إن الطاعون مرض معد وكان أخطرها هو الطاعون الرئوي والذي ينتقل بسرعة عبر الهواء والتنفس. (2) كان سبب انتشار الوباء في أوروبا كان في أغلبها عن طريق التجارة والتجار الذين يأتون من المناطق المصابة بالطاعون بسفنهم وبوخراهم ويستقروا في بعض الموانئ الأوروبية ويكونوا بذلك بؤر وبائية في هذه المناطق. (3) اجتاح الطاعون اوروبا كالنار في الهشيم وأصبح يتنقل بين مدنها وخسر الاوربين الملايين من الناس نتيجة هذا الوباء. (4) أثر الطاعون على الحياة الاوربية وأثر على الاقتصاد والزراعة والصناعة وكان له نتائجه الاجتماعية والنفسية على الناس.
أثر حفظ القران الكريم في التحصيل الدراسي لدى طلبة المرحلة الابتدائية (دراسة حالة لمراكز تحفيظ القران بمنطقة الجبل الاخضر)
Authors: عبدالله العوامي أ.علاء بشير
Published: January 2024

تهدف الدراسة الى التعرف على أثر حفظ القران الكريم في التحصيل الدراسي لدى طلبة المرحلة الابتدائية بمنطقة الجبل الاخضر وذلك من خلال معدلاتهم الدراسية التي تحصلوا عليها خلال العام الدراسي (2019-2020).

استخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي المقارن لوصف الوضع الحالي وتفسيره، وابتدأ بذكر مقدمة في فضل القران وحفظه مدعمة بالآيات والأحاديث واقوال العلماء ثم ذكر نبذة تاريخية عن تعليم القران في اقليم برقة من حيث نشأة الكتاتيب في البادية والحضر، مع ذكر بعض الدراسات السابقة التي تناولت موضوع الدراسة، كما قام الباحث باستخدام الأساليب الإحصائية لمقارنة بيانات الطلبة المتمثلة في نتائج المواد الدراسية (الحساب واللغة العربية والتربية الإسلامية) وذلك باستخراج التكرارات والنسب والمتوسط الحسابي والانحراف المعياري.

وقد تكونت عينة الدراسة من 100 طالب وذلك بالرجوع الى سجلاتهم الدراسية بالمدارس الحكومية والخاصة الملتحقين بها، 50 منهم تم اختيارهم بطريقة قصدية كونهم ملتحقين بمراكز التحفيظ بمنطقة الجبل الأخضر بمدينتي البيضاء وشحات بالتحديد، و50 تم اختيارهم بطريقة عشوائية، جميع عينة الدراسة مقيدين في الفصول الدراسية من الصف الثالث الى الصف السادس.

ولقد أظهرت النتائج أثرا إيجابيا وتفوقا واضحا للطلبة المنتسبين لمراكز التحفيظ، وانتهت الدراسة الى مجموعة من التوصيات أهمها: زيادة عدد سور القران المقررة على الطلبة في مناهج المرحلة الابتدائية مع الحرص بان يكون معلمي التربية الإسلامية واللغة العربية من حفظة كتاب الله، وكذلك الاهتمام بإعداد محفظي القران والعمل على تطويرهم عن طريق إعداد دورات تدريبية في طرق التدريس واستخدام التقنية الحديثة. تشجيع الأطفال بجميع أعمارهم على الالتحاق بمراكز تحفيظ القران.
علم الإناسة (الأنثروبولوجي) عند الرَّحّالة والجغرافيين المسلمين" علم الإناسة (الأنثروبولوجي) عند الرَّحّالة والجغرافيين المسلمين"
Authors: حسين الفقيه أ.حسين حمد
Published: January 2024

الغاية من هذه الدراسة هي لتخطي إشكالية أيديولوجية في بداية ظهور علم الإناسة (الأنثروبولوجي) عند المسلمين، ومساهمة مني لجمع بوادر أفكار ونظريات وإسهامات الجغرافيون المسلمون في هذا العلم، ومحاولاتهم الفكرية لتقديم معرفة ثقافية غرضها إنجاز فكر إجتماعي وإثنولوجي، والإسهام في معرفة الآخر. أما عن المنهج المتبع في هذه الدراسة فهو المنهج السردي التحليلي المقارن الذي يسرد الأحداث التاريخية ويحللها ويقارنها بنظائرها الأخرى. ولا يفوتنا في هذا المقام أن نلفت النظر إلى أن الإرهاصات الأولى لهذا العلم ظهرت عند بعض الشعوب القديمة، من أبرزهم المصريون واليونانيون والصينيون والرومان، وكان الجغرافيون والرَّحّالة المسلمون قد اقتبسوا من الشعوب التي سبقتهم في هذا المجال؛ بعض النظريات والأفكار، فيما يخص معرفتهم بالأمم الأخرى من حولهم. وبناءً عليه، ظهر عدد كبير من الجغرافيون والرحالة الذين قدموا في مدوناتهم ما شاهدوه من ثقافات وعادات سلوكية عند الأمم الأخرى، وأيضًا قدموا العديد من النظريات في هذا العلم، وإن لم يكونوا على معرفة بأنهم قد اخترعوا علمًا جديدًا، كان له أثر كبير على أوروبا وعلى العالم أجمع. وقد خلصت هذه الدراسة إلى عدة نتائج وهي: إن الجغرافيون المسلمون هم أول من وضع علم الإناسة بفروعه المتعددة، من بينها الطبيعي والاجتماعي والثقافي. قدم فريق من الجغرافيون المسلمون في مؤلفاتهم الإرهاصات الأولى للأفكار والنظريات الأنثروبولوجية، من أبرزها أثر البيئة الجغرافية والمناخ في سلوك وطباع البشر، مما ساعد المسلمين على معرفة الطبائع والسلوكيات عند الشعوب الأخرى. تبنى كثير من العلماء الغربيين، في العصر الحديث، العديد من نظريات المسلمين في علم الإناسة، وهو تأثير آخر يضاف إلى مؤثرات الحضارة الإسلامية على أوروبا.
Optimization of a Two-stage Bevel Helical Gearbox using Multiple Objectives to Increase Efficiency and Reduce Gearbox Bottom Area
Authors: Danh Tran Huu , Thanh Dinh Van , Danh Bui Thanh , Cuong Nguyen Manh , Tung Luu Anh
Published: January 2024

This study aims to look at multi-target optimization of two-stage bevel helical gearboxes to determine the best major design factors for reducing gearbox bottom area (GBA) and increasing gearbox efficiency (GE). Grey relation analysis (GRA) and the Taguchi technique were used to address the problem in two steps. Prioritizing the closure of the variable level gap, the single-objective optimization problem was addressed, followed by the multi-objective optimization problem, which identified the ideal primary design variables. Additionally, the first-stage gear ratio, allowable contact stresses (ACS), and first and second-stage coefficients of wheel face width (CWFW) were calculated. The outcomes of the study were used to determine the best values for five essential design features of a two-stage bevel helical gearbox (BHG).
Aplicación de un modelo matemático para el análisis del comportamiento del ciclo otto MCI bajo manipulación de parámetros ambientales
Authors:   Instituto Superior Tecnológico Ciudad de Valencia, Passo Rodrigo , Egas García Jeyson Patricio , Arguello Guerrero Joffre Alexander , García Valencia Jhon Gregorio , Lisintuña Toapanta Edwuin Paúl
Published: January 2024

El objetivo de la investigación bibliográfica y experimental sobre el comportamiento del ciclo termodinámico en motores de combustión interna es verificar cambios de comportamiento, utilizando soluciones matemáticas para analizar los cambios de valores en términos de presión, volumen y giro del cigüeñal. La potencia de salida de un motor de gasolina de cuatro tiempos con compresión en el motor es proporcional a un exponente de 1.34 del coeficiente politrópico y la relación de compresión. Los efectos de las variaciones de presión y temperatura sobre el rendimiento de motores de combustión interna que funcionan en diferentes alturas sobre el nivel del mar, por lo que se estudió aprovechando que nuestro país Ecuador tiene muchos cambios geográficos, ya que, cuantificar los efectos de la temperatura y la presión es vital para establecer la capacidad de operar motores de encendido por chispa a altitudes muy superiores a aquellas para las que fueron diseñados. Los efectos de las condiciones atmosféricas mostraron que la temperatura domina la presión y dieron como resultado una pérdida de potencia y caída de la compresión de alrededor del 1,5% por cada 100 m de aumento de altitud. La eficiencia del motor cayó aproximadamente 1,54 puntos porcentuales por cada 300 m de aumento de altitud. La investigación se plasmó en Excel para el desarrollo del modelo matemático, en el cual se obtuvo los gráficos de diagrama presión vs volumen, presión vs ángulo de giro del cigüeñal y la dispersión de fuerzas actuantes en el pistón, biela y cigüeñal.
Comercialización Estrategias de comercialización y marketing para la harina de bagazo en Quito
Authors:   Instituto Tecnológico Universitario Rumiñahui, Pérez Ramiro , Chacón María José , Hernández Alexandra , Sanchez Renato
Published: January 2024

La industria cervecera en el Ecuador se ha convertido en uno de los sectores empresariales más importantes en todo el territorio, en el proceso de elaboración de la cerveza se genera una cantidad considerable de desechos como el bagazo, la misma que en los últimos años ha sido aprovechada por empresarios en la elaboración de harina. Al momento de plantear estrategias de comercialización y marketing para la harina de bagazo en la ciudad de Quito, se ha visto necesario conocer la aceptación del público hacia los subproductos de la harina con relación al mercado actual. Para esto se utilizará estrategias de marketing como canales de comercialización tradicionales y digitales Se identifico un estudio exploratorio ya que se ha generado una problemática en la comercialización de la harina de bagazo, para ello se utilizaron varias herramientas como el focus group, información de varios estudios y recopilación bilbiografica lo que pudo determinar una Comparación regional de consumo de productos panificables y obtención de molienda de harina de bagazo de cerveza asi como los gustos y características organolépticas de productos elaborados con harina de bagazo cervecero. Con lo antes mencionado se sugiere planificar y desarrollar un plan de comercialización del producto, así como, estandarizar la mayor parte de los procesos de cualquier industria, de la misma manera obtener registros sanitarios y legalizar todo el proceso facilitará la comercialización del producto, de igual manera que la comercialización de la harina de bagazo sea estudiada a profundidad, fortaleciendo factores como la marca, identidad del producto, slogan y otros elementos que permitan posicionar en el mercado al producto.
Present Strategy and Tactics of Antibacterial Therapy for Hospital Infections: Lessons Learned from the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Mitrokhin S. D. , Aleshkin A. V. , Galitskiy A. A. , Shkoda A. S.
Published: January 2024

A significant increase in sales of antibacterial drugs in pharmacies and their purchases by medical institutions of the Russian Healthcare System was observed against the background of the past pandemic of a novel coronavirus infection in Russia. Microbiological monitoring that was carried out at City Clinical Hospital No. 67 named after. L. A. Vorokhobov (Moscow) in 2020–2021, revealed a pressing problem — primarily gram-negative bacteria, with a predominance of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains, were isolated from patients with healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). As shown by pharmacoeconomic studies conducted by the authors, the cost of one course of targeted antibacterial therapy for HAI in this case could increase by 6–12 times compared to a similar course of therapy in the absence of both MDR strains and XDR strains of hospital pathogens. In order to achieve a reduction in the cost of antibacterial therapy developed and used by the authors, in addition to the development of effective antibacterial therapy regimens for HAIs caused by MDR/XDR pathogens, another study was carried out as a continuation of the work on creating and improving biotherapy regimens for HAIs, namely the development of personalized phage therapy regimens for patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia caused by MDR bacterial strains. Based on the data obtained, the concept of a personalized approach to phage therapy of various nosological forms of HAIs caused by hospital-acquired MDR pathogens in patients of a multidisciplinary hospital was proposed and tested. As a result of this approach, the effectiveness of phage therapy for various nosological forms of HAIs caused by MDR and XDR strains of hospital pathogens in City Clinical Hospital No. 67 named after. L. A. Vorokhobov increased by 30%, and the effectiveness of the initial antibiotic regimen was 70%. The economic effect of the combination of antibiotic therapy and phage therapy («booster therapy») amounted to 3,000,000 rubles, compared with the use of antibiotics alone in the treatment of patients with HAIs caused by MDR/XDR strains of hospital pathogens.
Study of Molecular Parameters and Antibacterial Activity of a Peptide Preparation Derived from Human Leukocytes
Authors: Volkov A. G. , Kononova L. I. , Korobov V. P. , Volkova L. V.
Published: January 2024

Background. The study of new antimicrobial substances isolated from the living organism tissues is of particular importance for medicine and the biopharmaceutical industry. Leukocyte peptides can act as an alternative to traditional antibiotics to overcome the bacterial antibiotic resistance problem.

Aim. Evaluation of molecular weight and biological activity of ultrasound-derived leukocyte peptides.

Methods. Separation of leukocyte peptide complexes into particular fractions by reverse phase chromatography and evaluation of their antibacterial activity by serial dilution and diffusion methods.

Results. Studies have shown that one peptide fraction with a molecular weight of 440–570 Da has pronounced antibacterial activity.

Conclusion. The obtained experimental data testify to the high therapeutic potential of the leukocyte protein-peptide complex, which has a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity.
Study of Antibacterial Drugs’ Nephrotoxicity in the RPTEC Cell Line
Authors: Evteev V. A. , Semenova I. S. , Bunyatyan N. D. , Prokofiev A. B. , Kukes V. G.
Published: January 2024

The created cell line of human proximal renal tubules RPTEC/TERT1 showed maximum compliance with primary human RPTEC, which makes it optimal for use in studies of the nephrotoxic properties of xenobiotics. Transepithelial resistance measurement (TEER) is a valuable non-invasive method that can be used to quantify the integrity of the cell barrier at various stages of cell growth and differentiation, as well as to predict the toxicity and permeability of drugs.

The aim of the study was to examine the dynamics of changes in transepithelial resistance in the model of the RPTEC/TERT1 cell line during incubation with drugs with nephrotoxic effects.

Material and methods. The human proximal renal tubule cell line RPTEC/TERT was obtained from the ATCC cell culture bank. Cells at passage 14 were used in the experiment. The following drugs were studied: cisplatin: 2.5 mcg/ml; vancomycin: 50 mcg/ml; doripenem — 20mcg/ml; cefepim — 150mcg/ml. 4–5 repetitions were performed for each concentration of the drug in the experiment. THEER measurements were carried out 4–5 times for each well.

Results. Cisplatin, vancomycin, doripenem, and cefepim in the concentrations used do not show a cytotoxic effect on the RPTEC cell line according to TEER dynamics.
Study of the Protective Activity of Thymogen® Dosed Nasal Spray on a Model of Experimental Influenza Pneumonia in Laboratory Animals
Authors: Zarubaev V. V. , Garshinina A. V. , Esaulkova Ya. L. , Mihalskij M. G. , Smirnov V. S. , Kudryavtseva T. A. , Petlenko S.  V. , Zaplutanov V. A.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Due to the ability of the influenza virus to mutate, it is necessary to constantly search for new drugs with preventive and direct antiviral effects.

The aim of the study is to investigate the protective antiviral properties of the drug Thymogen®, a dosed nasal spray, on a model of lethal influenza pneumonia in laboratory animals.

Material and methods. White mature mice were selected for the experiment on the antiviral activity of the tested drug samples against H1N1 influenza virus; the mice were divided into the following groups (30 animals each): two negative control groups; two groups receiving Thymogen®, a dosed nasal spray (before and after infection); one group of animals received Tamiflu®, and one received Hexoral®. The mortality of animals with influenza pneumonia was assessed; histological and morphometric analyses were also carried out.

Results and discussion. The morphological picture of the lungs of animals correlated with their protective activity when analyzing the survival of animals. The normalization of tissue structure was pronounced the most in the group of animals infected with the virus, pre-incubated with Thymogen®, a dosed nasal spray, and in the group receiving Tamiflu®. Moreover, the viral load in the lungs was lower by 1.5 and 1.2 orders of magnitude in the group receiving Thymogen®, dosed nasal spray, compared to the negative control group (the 3rd and the 6th days of the experiment, respectively), which corresponds to a decrease in the intensity of viral reproduction by 31.6 and 15.8 times
Predictors of the Effectiveness of Psychological Support in Addition to the Base Treatment in Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Kolomiets V. M. , Kovalenko A. L. , Pavlenko E. P. , Petrov A. Yu. , Talikova E. V.
Published: January 2024

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect on the psycho-emotional state and adherence to treatment in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis of remaxol inclusion in the accompanying therapy regimens.

Material and methods. The data from 326 patients (252 men and 74 women) with various forms of pulmonary tuberculosis treated at the Regional Clinical Tuberculosis Dispensary were analyzed; the average age of patients was 41.3±1.6 years. A low level of adherence to treatment, as well as clinical and laboratory signs of grade I hepatotoxicity were revealed in patients receiving a course of etiotropic therapy in the main group (N=72). In this regard, in addition to the psychological support for the main course of treatment, accompanying therapy was prescribed: remaxol 400 ml intravenous drip every other day (course No. 5), after-wards — 1 time a week (course No. 4). Patients in the comparison group (N=254) received standard treatment. In addition to the standard examination, the cytokine profile (the level of IL-1β, 4, 6), TNF-α and IFN-γ) was determined in dynamics according to the indications in patients. The level of adherence to the treatment was also determined in dynamics through testing according to the original methodology.

Results. The study revealed that the inclusion of remaxol in the treatment regimens facilitated more pronounced positive dynamics in clinical and laboratory data compared with the standard regimen: a decrease in signs of hepatotoxicosis and a tendency towards improvement in cytokine profile parameters. This contributed to maintaining the etiotropic therapy regimen and improving the well-being of patients, which, in turn, increased the level of adherence and therefore the effectiveness of treatment in patients.

Conclusions. The combination of positive effects of remaxol use in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis contributes to an increase in their psycho-emotional state and thereby increases adherence to treatment and its effectiveness.
Clinical study of domestic ZQL-type retrievable vena cava filter
Authors: XU Ke , ZHOU Yu-bin , WANG Ai-lin , XIAO Liang
Published: January 2024

Background

Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is a serious disease often leading to disability and death. Percutaneous placement of an inferior vena cava (IVC) filter is an effective method to prevent fatal PTE caused by lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (LEDVT). We developed the ZQL-type retrievable vena cava filter. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the ZQL-type filter for prevention of fatal PTE.

Methods

A total of 144 patients with indications for placement of an IVC filter received insertion of filters via a femoral (n=37) or jugular (n=107) vein approach. Abdominal X-ray and color Doppler ultrasonography of IVC were regularly performed to visualize the position and condition of the IVC filter following filter placement. If thrombi in the lower extremity deep veins were removed within 2 weeks, the filter retrieval procedure was performed after an abdominal radiograph, an inferior vena cavogram and a pulmonary angiography. Otherwise, the filter should be kept permanently in place with regular follow-up inspections.

Results

One hundred and forty-four filters were implanted at the target sites with a success rate of 98.61% for one-time placement and 100% for two-time placement. Of the 137 patients followed up (follow-up rate, 95.14%), 43 patients had filters retrieved during a period of between 7 and 14 days (median, 12 days) following filter placement. The remaining 94 patients were followed for 7 days to 39 months (median follow-up period, 17 months). No filter migration or tilt, filter fracture or IVC perforation was observed. No obstruction of IVC occurred. No symptomatic PTE developed during the follow-up period.

Conclusion

The ZQL-type retrievable vena cava filter is a safe and effective device to prevent PTE. This filter possesses a distinctive stent-shape, stable design, high capture efficacy, and is easy to insert and retrieve and thus is suitable for clinical application.
Decreased expression of neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase 3 is associated with the outflow tract defect of human tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: KONG Bo , LIU Ying-long , LÜ Xiao-dong
Published: January 2024

Background

The molecular mechanism of human tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is incompletely defined. Animal models have suggested that neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase 3 (NTRK3) might be associated with the outflow tract defect, similar to that seen in human TOF, however, the expression pattern of NTRK3 in human TOF heart tissues has never been investigated.

Methods

Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry were applied to detect NTRK3 mRNA and protein levels in right ventricular outflow tract tissue samples of TOF patients, ventricular septal defect (VSD) patients and normal control infants (n=10 in each group).

Results

qRT-PCR analysis indicated that NTRK3 mRNA levels were significantly decreased in the TOF group compared to the VSD group (0.024±0.003 vs 0.085±0.004, P=0.022) and the normal control group (0.024±0.003 vs 0.091±0.002, P=0.006). Quantitative immunohistochemical analysis showed that NTRK3 protein was mainly localized in the myocardium cytoplasm in all 3 groups. The immunoreactivity of NTRK3 protein was again significantly lower in the TOF group compared to the VSD group (1.42±0.62 vs 14.12±1.83, P=0.023) and the control group (1.42±0.62 vs 16.25±2.31, P=0.008). The expression of NTRK3 in the VSD group and in the control group showed no significant differences at both mRNA and protein levels.

Conclusions

Insufficient expression of NTRK3 is associated with the outflow tract defect of human tetralogy of Fallot and may contribute to the progression of this defect.
Intraoperative monitoring for safety of total hip arthroplasty using third-generation cementing technique
Authors: LI Zi-jian , ZHANG Ke , YANG Hong , LIU Yan , LÜ Jing-qiao
Published: January 2024

Background

Controversies on the safety of the cement application between cemented and uncemented total hip arthroplasty (THA) have been existing for decades. The purpose of this study was to observe the changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and oxygen pressure (PaO2) during cemented THA, and to evaluate the intraoperative safety of using the third-generation cementing technique and investigate whether the intraoperative risk is higher in acute femoral neck fracture patients than non-traumatic patients.

Methods

Forty-two patients who underwent cemented THA between November 2005 and September 2007 were prospectively included in this study. The third-generation cementing technique as vacuum mixing and pulsatile lavage was used strictly. The MAP and HR were monitored and documented during each operation. Blood gas analysis was performed at exposure, cup implantation, stem implantation and wound closure. MAP, HR and PaO2 were compared between pre- and post-cement application. Comparisons of MAP, HR and PaO2 between patients with acute femoral neck fracture and non-traumatic patiens were performed as well.

Results

No intraoperative cardiopulmonary complication occurred in these cases. No obvious changes were observed in MAP, HR and PaO2 after cement application. There was no significant difference in MAP, HR and PaO2 between acute femoral fracture patients (18 patients) and non-traumatic patients (24 patients).

Conclusions

The results of this study suggested that the invasive blood pressure monitoring and blood gas analysis are essential for patients undergoing cemented THA, especially for patients with femoral neck fracture. The third-generation cementing technique is safe to use in THA.
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and the treatment of spinal cord injury
Authors: CAO Fu-jiang , FENG Shi-qing
Published: January 2024

Objective

To review the recent studies about human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) and advances in the treatment of spinal cord injury.

Data sources

Published articles (1983-2007) about hUCMSCs and spinal cord injury were selected using Medline.

Study selection

Articles selected were relevant to development of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for transplantation in spinal cord injury therapy. Of 258 originally identified articles 51 were selected that specifically addressed the stated purpose.

Results

Recent work has revealed that hUCMSCs share most of the characteristics with MSCs derived from bone marrow and are more appropriate to transplantation for cell based therapies.

Conclusions

Human umbilical cord could be regarded as a source of MSCs for experimental and clinical needs. In addition, as a peculiar source of stem cells, hUCMSCs may play an important role in the treatment of spinal cord injury.
Factors influencing ambulance use in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction in Beijing, China
Authors: YAN Hong-bing , SONG Li , CHEN Hui , ZHANG Jian , LI Shi-ying , LI Qing-xiang , CHENG Shu-juan , WANG Jian , ZHAO Han-jun , HU Da-yi
Published: January 2024

Background

Emergency medical service plays a key role in the early recognition and treatment of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), but studies indicate that the patients experiencing STEMI symptoms often fail to call an ambulance as recommended. This study aimed to examine the current ambulance transport frequency and ascertain predictors and reasons for not choosing ambulance transportation by the patients with STEMI in Beijing.

Methods

A prospective, cross-sectional survey was conducted from January 1, 2006 through until June 30, 2007 in two tertiary hospitals in Beijing and included consecutive patients with STEMI admitted within 24 hours of onset of symptoms. Data were collected by structured interviews and medical records review.

Results

Of the 572 patients, only 172 (30.1%) used an ambulance, and the remaining 400 (69.9%) presented by self-transport. Multivariate analysis showed that age <65 years (OR: 1.220; 95% CI: 1.001–2.043), lower education level (OR: 1.582; 95% CI: 1.003–2.512), presence of pre-infarction angina (OR: 1.595; 95% CI: 1.086–2.347), and attribution of symptoms to non-cardiac origin (OR: 1.519; 95% CI: 1.011–2.284) were independent predictors for not using an ambulance. However, history of coronary artery disease (CAD), dyspnea, perceiving symptoms to be serious, and knowing the meaning of cardiopulmonary resuscitation appeared to be independent predictors of ambulance use. The main reasons for not using an ambulance were convenience and quickness of self-transport and the decreased severity of symptoms.

Conclusions

A large proportion of patients in Beijing do not call for an ambulance after onset of STEMI symptoms. Several factors including demographics, previous CAD, symptoms and cognitive factors of patients are associated with the ambulance use. The public should be educated that an ambulance is not merely a transportation modality and that it also provides rapid diagnosis and treatment.
Treatment of hypocalcemia caused by hypoparathyroidism or pseudohypoparathyroidism with domestic-made calcitriol: a prospective and self-controlled clinical trial
Authors: WANG Ou , XING Xiao-ping , MENG Xun-wu , XIA Wei-bo , LI Mei , JIANG Yan , HU Ying-ying , LIU Huai-cheng
Published: January 2024

Background

Parathyroid hormone deficiency or resistance may cause hypocalcemia with related symptoms and signs. Lifelong treatment of calcium combined with vitamin D or its metabolites is always necessary for these patients. Here we reported a prospective and open-label trial to investigate the efficacy and safety of domestic-made calcitriol in treatment of hypocalcemia caused by hypoparathyroidism or pseudohypoparathyroidism.

Methods

Twenty-four patients with confirmed hypoparathyroidism or pseudohypoparathyroidism aged (36.5±11.0) years old were studied. Among them, 16 patients had idiopathic hypoparathyroidism, 2 had pseudohypoparathyroidism and 6 had hypoparathyroidism secondary to cervical surgery. Serum calcium levels were lower than 1.88 mmol/L. Oral calcitriol was administered twice or three times with elemental calcium 1.2 g per day. All patients were followed every 4 weeks throughout the 12-week period. Dose adjustments of calcitriol were based on serum and urinary calcium levels and symptoms of hypocalcemia.

Results

Twenty patients were included by the end of this study. Muscular weakness, cramps, extremity paresthesia, Chovestek's sign and Trousseau's sign were relieved in 76.9%, 100%, 94.4%, 93.3% and 78.9% of patients, respectively. Serum calcium, plasma ionized calcium and serum phosphorus levels were (1.54±0.25) mmol/L, (0.64±0.10) mmol/L and (2.00±0.46) mmol/L at baseline, and reached (2.20±0.20) mmol/L, (0.95±0.06) mmol/L and (1.68±0.25) mmol/L (P <0.01) at the 12th week of treatment, respectively. Eighty percent of patients were assessed as effective and 20% as partly effective. Three, four and eight patients had hypercalciuria at the 4th, 8th and 12th week of treatment, respectively, which were reduced by thiazide diuretics. The final dose of calcitriol was (1.09±0.50) μg/d.

Conclusions

Calcitriol combined with calcium can be used in treatment of hypocalcemia caused by hypoparathyroidism or pseudohypoparathyroidism effectively and safely. Serum and urinary calcium levels should be monitored during the course of the therapy.
Determination of oropharyngeal pathogenic colonization in the elderly community
Authors: WANG Shuang , LI Dong , CHU Yun-zhuo , ZHU Li-ying , LIU Feng-zhi
Published: January 2024

Background

Pneumonia has become the predominant cause of death for the elderly. It is critical to determine the status of oropharyngeal pathogen colonization in the elderly when treating pneumonia. To explore the efficient approaches to treat age-related pneumonia, we determined the status of oropharyngeal pathogenic colonization in the elderly community.

Methods

Throat swab cultures were used to isolate oropharyngeal pathogens from 706 residents older than 65 years living in the community of Shenyang City. Characteristics of bacterial strains were sorted and identified using drug sensitivity tests.

Results

Results of bacterial identification showed that 265 out of 706 samples were positive, thereby exhibiting a 37.5% positive rate. There were 290 bacterial strains isolated from the elderly community in total, of which 248 strains were gram-negative bacilli (GNB) and 42 strains were gram-positive cocci (GNC), accounting for 85.5% and 14.5%, respectively. There were 158 Klebsiella pneumoniae strains, representing 54.4% of the all GNB.

Conclusion

The rate of oropharyngeal GNB colonization in the elderly community increases and Klebsiella pneumoniae is the most common strain.
Alteration of gene expression during nasopharyngeal carcinogenesis revealed by oligonucleotide microarray after microdissection of tumor tissue and normal epithelia from nasopharynx
Authors: LIU Zhong-qi , TIAN Yong-quan , HU Yong-fang , LI Xiao-ling , MA Fu-rong , LI Gui-yuan
Published: January 2024

Background

Microarray and microdissection techniques were being used for many applications to study the carcinogenesis of some human tumors. But seldom studies had hitherto combined these two techniques to study carcinogenesis mechanism of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). To identify a set of genes involved in the carcinogenesis and development of NPC, we used the microdissected homogeneous NPC tissue cells and the pure normal epithelium pillar cells to construct the whole human genome expression profiles.

Methods

We preserved the tissue samples from nasopharynx of 18 patients (including 13 samples of NPC and 5 samples of normal or inflammatory mucous tissue samples from nasopharynx) in RNAIater Stabilization Reagent. The tissue samples were microdissected to harvest the homogeneous tissue cells, then total RNA was isolated from them. The sufficient antisense RNA (aRNA) was amplified from these total RNA. HG-U133.Plus.2.0 GeneChip was used to construct the human whole genome expression profiling of each sample. Differential patterns of expression of genes correlated with the carcinogenesis, classification and progression of NPC were identified with comparing the expression profiling data respectively in leave one out cross-validation analysis. Correlation between aRNA expression measured by the microarrays and semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (sqRT-PCR) were also ascertained, and found that hybridization results were validated in all of the 18 patients.

Results

Differential patterns of expression of 127 genes correlated with the carcinogenesis (APvalue less than 0.001 with the 2-fold differentiated expression between case group and control group) of the NPC were filtered. The top most up-regulated and down-regulated 8 genes by the way of permutation test were also selected and listed in the paper. Expression of genesE2F6andTSPAN-1was identified using aRNA by sqRT-PCR and showed that there was significant difference between the average value of case groups and that of control group respectively (t=2.170,df=16,P=0.045 andt=-2.946,df=16, P=0.009).

Conclusions

We had identified some genes which could be the molecular marker during the carcinogenesis and the development of the NPC. The genes which selected from the different subgroups seemed to be implicated for the diagnosis,classification, and progression of NPC, and provided important insights into their underlying biology.
Severity of sepsis is correlated with the elevation of serum high-mobility group box 1 in rats
Authors: HOU Li-chao , QIN Ming-zhe , ZHENG Li-na , LU Yan , WANG Qiang , PENG Dao-rong , YU Xin-ping , XIN Yu-chang , JI Gen-lin , XIONG Li-ze
Published: January 2024

Background

Sepsis is a leading cause of death in the intensive care units. The late inflammatory cytokine, high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), plays a critical role in sepsis. In the present study, we investigated the association between the serum HMGB1 levels and the severity of organ injury in the lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis in rats.

Methods

To produce an animal model of sepsis with different degree of organ injury, animals were treated with three different doses of lipopolysaccharide (4, 8 and 16 mg/kg), and the animals in control group were treated with the same volume of the vehicle (saline). The levels of serum HMGB1 were measured at 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 32 and 48 hours after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or vehicle injection, meanwhile the biochemical and histopathological indicators for the severity of organ injury were assessed.

Results

The level of HMGB1 had a positive, high correlation with the abnormal changes of serum cardiac troponin I, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, as well as the pathologic scores of heart, lung, liver and kidney.

Conclusions

The level of serum HMGB1 is highly correlated with the severity of sepsis in rats, suggesting that HMGB1 could serve as a valuable adjunct in the diagnosis and management of sepsis.
Effect of coronary bifurcation angle on clinical outcomes in Chinese patients treated with crush stenting: a subgroup analysis from DKCRUSH-1 bifurcation study
Authors: CHEN Shao-liang , ZHANG Jun-jie , YE Fei , CHEN Yun-dai , FANG Wei-yi , WEI Meng , HE Ben , SUN Xue-wen , YANG Song , CHEN Jin-guo , SHAN Shou-jie , TIAN Nai-liang , LI Xiao-bo , LIU Zhi-zhong , KAN Jing , Lee Michael , Tak Kwan W
Published: January 2024

Background

Bifurcation angles may have an impact on the clinical outcomes of crush stenting. We sought to compare high (≥60°) with low (<60°) bifurcation angle in patients who underwent either classical or double kissing (DK) crush stenting for bifurcation lesions from the DKCRUSH-1 data base.

Methods

There were 212 patients with 220 lesions, some with low-angle (n=138) and some with high-angle (n=74). Angiography was indexed at 8-month after procedure. Primary endpoint was the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), defined as cardiac death, myocardial infarction and target lesion revascularization (TLR). Secondary endpoint included late lumen loss, the rate of restenosis, and final kissing balloon inflation (FKBI).

Results

At 8 months, clinical follow-up was 100%; angiographic follow-up was 75% in the low-angle group and 83.3% in the high-angle group. There were no significant differences in the FKBI between the high-angle group (91.43%) and the low-angle group (82.39%). In the high angle group, there was a significant difference in contrast volume used (P=0.005) but no significant difference in acute gain, minimum lumen diameter (MLD), late loss and diameter stenosis in the pre-bifurcation segment, post-bifurcation segment or side branch. When lesions were assigned into with-(n=133) and without-FKBI (n=42), significant side-branch late loss was seen in the group without-FKBI ((0.65±0.49) mm vs (0.47±0.62) mm, P=0.02), with a resultant greater restenosis rate (37.68% vs 18.32%, P=0.001). No difference was detected in the MACE free survival rate between the high and low angle groups (82.39% vs 82.36%, P=0.84). The rate of stent thrombosis tended to be higher in the lower-angle group although there was no significant difference (P=0.38). The TLR free survival rate was 87.2% in the with-FKBI group vs 73.5% in the without-FKBI group (P=0.001). Cox regression analysis showed that the independent predictors for target vessel revascularization were the side branch stent MLD post stenting (hazard ratios (HR) 1.028, 95% CI 2.357–16.233, P=0.002), lack of FKBI (HR 4.910, 95% CI 4.706–8.459, P=0.001) and unsatisfactory kissing (HR 3.120, 95% CI 2.975–5.431, P=0.001).

Conclusions

Bifurcation angles do not influence the clinical outcome of crush stenting. Successful final kissing balloon inflation, regardless of bifurcation angles, can predict TLR.