bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ACTORS AFFECTING THE OCCURRENCE ASPHYXIA NEWBORN (BBL) IN THE WORK AREA HEALTH SIBREH
Authors: Husna Asmaul
Published: October 2019

The infant mortality rate is one indicator in determining thehealth status of children. Every year the death of the newborn or neonatalreached 37% of all deaths in children under five. Every day 8,000 newbornbabies around the world die from causes that can not be prevented. Themajority of all infant deaths, 75% occur in the first weeks of life andbetween 25% and 45% of these deaths occur within the first 24 hours of ababy's life. The main causes of neonatal mortality or neonatal worldincluding premature infants born 29%, sepsis and pneumonia 25% and23% of the infants born with asphyxia and trauma, birth asphyxia occupiescause of infant mortality to third in the world in the early period of life(WHO , 2012). Based on the research that has been done so research cansummarize the results of the study as follows There singnifikan effectbetween low birth weight (LBW) with the occurrence of asphyxia innewborns In Puskesmas Sibreh with value p ≤ 0.05 (0.002) There is aneffect singnifikan between maternal age with the onset of asphyxia innewbornsIn Puskesmas Sibreh with value p ≤ 0.05 (0.015) Theresingnifikan influence of gestation with the occurrence of asphyxia innewbornsIn Puskesmas Sibreh with value p ≤ 0.05 (0.022)Keywords: weight, maternal age, gestational age
Pengaruh Motivasi dan Dukungan Keluarga terhadap Prestasi Belajar Mahasiswa Tingkat II Prodi D-III Kebidanan Universitas Ubudiyah Indonesia
Authors: Safitri Faradilla , Yuniwati Cut
Published: October 2019

Prestasi belajar merupakan tingkat kemanusiaan yang dimiliki siswa dalam menerima, menolak, dan menilai  informasi yang diperoleh dalam proses belajar mengajar. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh motivasi dan dukungan keluarga terhadap prestasi belajar mahasiswa tingkat II Prodi D-III Kebidanan Universitas Ubudiyah Indonesia. Jenis penelitian ini bersifat analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel total sampling sebanyak 73 orang. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner dan transkrip nilai. Hasil penelitian analisis ini menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh motivasi terhadap prestasi belajar mahasiswa  dengan nilai P-Value = 0,000 (P < 0,05) dan ada pengaruh dukungan keluarga terhadap prestasi belajar mahasiswa dengan nilai P-Value = 0,000 (P < 0,05). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara motivasi dan dukungan keluarga terhadap prestasi belajar mahasiswa.
Faktor Risiko Kejadian Anemia Ibu Hamil di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dr. Zainoel Abidin Provinsi Aceh Tahun 2013-2015
Authors: Safitri Faradilla , Sudiman Herman
Published: October 2019

Anemia merupakan kelainan darah yang umum terjadi ketika kadar sel darah merah dalam tubuh menjadi rendah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan umur, paritas, pendidikan, pekerjaan, umur kehamilan, asal rujukan, dan layanan kesehatan dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil. Jenis penelitian bersifat analitik menggunakan desain kasus kontrol. Perbandingan jumlah sampel kasus dan kontrol 1:2, yaitu sampel kasus 173 dan sampel kontrol 346. Total sampel sebanyak 519 ibu hamil. Pengumpulan data menggunakan data sekunder yakni data diambil dari buku register tahun 2013-2015. Hasil penelitian analisis bivariat variabel umur < 20 tahun dengan kejadian anemia (OR=9,549), paritas (OR=1,955), umur kehamilan (OR=1,608), pendidikan (OR=2,338), pekerjaan (OR=2,167), asal rujukan (OR=0,418) dan layanan kesehatan (OR=1,361). Kesimpulan : ada hubungan umur, paritas, umur kehamilan, pendidikan, pekerjaan dan asal rujukan dengan kejadian anemia ibu hamil, sedangkan layanan kesehatan tidak berhubungan dengan kejadian anemia ibu hamil dengan p value = 0,299.
Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Ibu tentang Posyandu dengan Status Gizi Balita di Desa Gampong Baroe Kecamatan Peukan Bada
Authors: ZA Raudhatun Nuzul , Juwita Cut Meri
Published: October 2019

Posyandu yang merupakan pusat kegiatan  masyarakat, dimana masyarakat sekaligus dapat memperoleh pelayanan keluarga berencana dan kesehatan di Desa Gampong Baro Kecamatan Peukan Bada Kabupaten Aceh Besar diperoleh data bahwa jumlah balita adalah sebanyak 97 orang dengan rincian balita yang mengalami gizi baik 79 orang, gizi kurus 11 orang,  gizi kurang 3 orang dan gizi sangat kurus 4 orang. Bersifat analitik dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Pengambilan sampel dengan cara  total  sampling yaitu 97  responden, Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara mengambil data sekunder. Dari hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa  dari 41 responden yang berpengetahuan cukup tentang posyandu terdapat 32 responden (78%) mempunyai status gizi baik. (P value = 0,211), sikap ibu  58 responden yang sikap ibu positif tentang posyandu terdapat 44 responden (75,9%) mempunyai status gizi baik. (P value= 1.000). Kesimpulan dan Saran :Tidak Ada hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap ibu tentang posyandu dengan Status Gizi Balita. Diharapkan ibu dapat memperoleh pengetahuan dan informasi tambahan mengenai status gizi balita sehingga ibu paham dan mendukung kegiatan posyandu dengan status gizi balita sehingga dapat mendukung pemenuhan gizi yang optimal bagi balita.
Pengaruh Waktu Penyimpanan Pliek U Terhadap Pertumbuhan Aspergillus Flavus
Authors: Novalia Vera , Nursanty Risa , Yulvizar Cut
Published: October 2019

Pliek u adalah salah satu produk fermentasi tradisional dari Aceh yang digunakan sebagai bumbu utama kuah pliek u dan rujak. Pliek u ini dibuat dari daging buah kelapa yang difermentasi secara alami.Kebiasaan masyarakat menyimpan pliek u dalam waktu yang lama berpeluang terjadinya kontaminasi oleh kapang.Salah satu kapang yang mengontaminasi makanan pada saat pasca panen dan pengolahan adalah Aspergillus flavus.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui persentase Aspergillusflavus dan kandungan aflatoksinyang terdapat dalam pliek u.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif yaitu berdasarkan lamanya waktu penyimpanan pliek u yaitu berkisar antara 7-10 hari, 2-5 minggu, 6-9 bulan dan 12-15 bulan. Tiap-tiap sampel diambil secara populasi.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan persentase Aspergillus flavus pada lama penyimpanan 7-10 hari sebanyak 15,8% dan 2-5 minggu sebanyak 39,6%. Sedangkan pada lama penyimpanan 6-9 bulan persentase Aspergillus flavus sebanyak 61,7%. Akan tetapi pada lama penyimpanan 12-15 bulan persentasenya mengalami penurunan yaitu sebesar 23,6%. Hasil pengujian sampel pliek u yang memiliki persentase Aspergillus flavus paling tinggi (61,7%) mengandung aflatoksin (ppb) yakni B1 < 0,5, B2 < 1, G1 < 0,5 dan G2 < 1.Pertumbuhan Aspergillus flavus tertinggi terdapat pada lama penyimpanan 6-9 bulan (61,7%) sedangkan yang terendah terdapat pada lama penyimpanan 7-10 hari (15,8%). Sampel pliek u pada lama penyimpanan 6-9 bulan (61,7%) memiliki kandungan aflatoksin (ppb) yakni B1 < 0,5, B2 <1, G1 <0,5 dan G2 < 1.Kata kunci: pliek u, Aspergillus flavus, kapang, alfatoksin
Formulasi Balsam Aromatherapy dari Ekstrak Minyak Atsiri Daun Sembung (Blumea balsamifera L.)
Authors: Maghfirah Hasrita , Saisa Saisa , Lestari Soraya , Meilina Rulia
Published: October 2019

Indonesia merupakan negara yang memiliki iklim tropis sehingga menyebabkan Indonesia memiliki sumber produksi dan sumber tumbuhnya tumbuhan yang berkhasiat sebagai obat seperti pada tanaman sembung (Blumea balsamifera L.). Pada tanaman ini ditemukan beberapa golongan senyawa kimia salah satunya ialah kandungan, minyak atsiri tidak hanya memiliki aroma yang khas tetapi minyak atsiri memiliki khasiat sebagai pengobatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana proses pengolahan minyak atsiri dari daun sembung sebagai sediaan balsam aromatherapy. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif atau mengamati dan mendeskripsikan hasil yang diperoleh. Minyak atsiri daun sembung yang dihasilkan melalui proses pengeringan daun sembung serta menggunakan metode sokletasi dengan menggunakan pelarut 96% etanol, hasil ektrak kental kemudian dievaporasi untuk dipekatkan, hasil minyak atsiri daun sembung yang diperoleh berupa cairan berwarna hijau kehitaman. Sediaan balsam aromatherapy dari ekstrak minyak atsiridiformulasikan dengan beberapa konsentrasi yaitu 0%, 10%, 12% dan 14% dari hasil evaluasi balsam yang telah dilakukan ke 3 formula balsam memenuhi syarat dan memiliki mutu fisik yang baik. Uji kesukaan yang dilakukan terhadap 10 orang responden berdasarkan aroma, tekstur, dan warna yang disukai, sehingga diperoleh persentase tertinggi pada balsam ekstrak minyak atsirisembung dengan kode sampel D dan memiliki konsentrasi 14% dengan tambahan 5,6 mL minyak daun sembung pada basis balsam.Kata kunci: Sembung (Blumea balsamiferaL.), minyak atsiri, balsam aromatherapy
Degenerasi Dan Nekrosis Pada Hati Mencit Diabetes yang Diberi Ekstrak Kulit Buah Rambai (Baccaurea motleyana Muell. Arg)
Authors: Ceriana Ria , Putri Nova Zarmi
Published: October 2019

Diabetes melitus (DM) merupakan penyakit gangguan metabolik menahun akibat penurunan fungsi pankreas. Salah satu bagian tumbuhan yang diketahui unutk menurunkan kadar gula darah yaitu kulit buah rambai. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui keamanan dalam penggunaan tumbuhan sebagai obat herbal agar tidak menimbulkan efek berbahaya yang tidak diinginkan, maka perlu dilakukan uji toksisitas pada hati mencit dengan mengamati degenerasi dan nekrosis. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan  6 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri kontrol negatif (akuades), kontrol positif (Glibenklamid), dan ekstrak etanol kulit buah rambai dengan dosis bertingkat 200 mg/kgBB, 400 mg/kgBB, 800 mg/kgBB, 1600 mg/kgBB yang diberikan secara oral. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis varians (ANAVA) dan apabila perlakuan berpengaruh maka diuji lanjut menggunakan uji jarak berganda Duncan dengan taraf kepercayaan 5%. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan pemberian ekstrak etanol kulit buah rambai berpengaruh nyata terhadap kerusakan pada sel-sel hati mencit diabetes.  Kerusakan yang disebabkan degenerasi dan nekrosis pada sel hati.  Dosis aman ekstrak etanol kulit buah rambai ialah 1600 mg/kg BB yang dapat dijadikan obat antidiabetes dikarenakan rerata sel degenerasi dan nekrosis sel hati lebih rendah dibandingkan kontrol positif  (glibenklamid).Kata Kunci:  Diabetes melitus, Baccaurea motleyana, hati, degenerasi, nekrosis
Perubahan Berat Organ Hati, Ginjal, Limfa, Otak, Lambung, Testis, Jantung dan Paru-paru Mencit yang Diberi Ekstrak Batang Sipatah-patah (Cissus quadrangula Salisb.)
Authors: Ceriana Ria , Fitri Saslina , Sari Widya
Published: October 2019

Masyarakat Aceh telah lama menggunakan tumbuh-tumbuhan sebagai obat-obatan. Tumbuhan-tumbuhan tersebut digunakan untuk berbagai penyakit seperti sakit perut, demam, batuk, patah tulang dan lain sebagainya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek toksik melalui berat organ hati, ginjal, limpa dan otak mencit yang diberikan ekstrak batang Sipatah-patah. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Penelitian ini menggunakan empat perlakuan dan lima ulangan. Perlakuan berupa empat tingkatan dosis ekstrak batang Sipatah-patah yaitu 0 mg/kgbb, 750 mg/kgbb, 1500 mg/kgbb dan 3000 mg/kgbb. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis varian (ANAVA) yang diuji lanjut dengan uji lanjut Duncan taraf keprcayaan 95% apabila berpengaruh terhadap perlakuan. Hasil penelitian ini ialah ekstrak batang Sipatah-patah berpengaruh terhadap berat organ hati dan limpa tetapi tidak pada organ ginjal dan otak.
Hubungan Graviditas dengan Kejadian Preeklamsia pada Ibu Bersalin Kabupaten Bulukumba Tahun 2017
Authors: Risnawati Risnawati , Kurniati Ely
Published: October 2019

Preeklampsia adalah terjadinya hipertensi setelah usia kehamilan 20 minggu disertai dengan protein urine. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan graviditas dengan kejadian preeklamsia di Kabupaten Bulukumba Tahun 2017.  Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah historical kohort. Populasi dan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien yang mengalami preeklamsia 73 dan yang tidak mengalami preeklamsia 259 orang di 20 wilayah kerja puskesmas di lingkup Kabupaten Bulukumba dengan menggunakan teknik cluster sampling, alat ukur yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi. Analisa data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji statistik Chi-square. Berdasarkan uji statistic yang diperoleh hasil P=0,000. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah ada Hubungan Graviditas dengan Kejadian Preeklamsia Pada Ibu Bersalin di Tingkat Kabupaten Bulukumba tahun 2017.
Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kelengkapan Imunisasi Dasar pada Bayi di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Peukan Bada Kabupaten Aceh Besar
Authors: Rahmi Nuzulul , Husna Asmaul
Published: October 2019

Cakupan imunisasi dasar lengkap (IDL) di Indonesia pada 2016 sebesar 91,58 persen dan Provinsi Aceh menduduki peringkat empat terbawah dari seluruh provinsi yaitu 69,11 persen. Pada tahun 2017 IDL di Indonesia turun yaitu 90,8 persen dan Provinsi Aceh menduduki peringkat tiga terbawah yaitu 70 persen (Kemenkes RI, 2016 dan 2017). Banyak faktor yang menyebabkan ketidakberhasilan program imunisasi dasar lengkap.Penelitian ini adalah survey dengan desain kasus control dengan perbandingan sampel 1:1 yaitu 40 kasus dan 40 kontrol. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner yang dibagikan dari tanggal 05 Juni s/d 07 Agustus 2018. Hasil analisis data bivariat didapatkan bahwa ada pengaruh antara sikap petugas kesehatan (p value 0,001, OR 9,471) dan dukungan keluarga (p value 0,001, OR 16,333) dengan kelengkapan imunisasi dasar pada bayi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Peukan Bada Tahun 2018. Tidak ada pengaruh antara pengetahuan (p value 0,502, OR 0,669), jumlah anak (p value 0,156 , OR 2,217) dan jarak rumah (p value 0,50 , OR 1,50) dengan kelengkapan imunisasi dasar pada bayi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Peukan Bada. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data multivariat, varibel yang paling dominan berpengaruh terhadap kelengkapan imunisasi dasar pada bayi adalah dukungan kelurga (OR 12,73).
Analisis Perilaku Spiritual Terhadap Penerapan Spritual pada Pasien Gangguan Jiwa di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Banda Aceh
Authors: Kasihani Kasihani , Syarifuddin Syarifuddin
Published: October 2019

Spiritualitas merupakan suatu kekuatan yang dibutuhkan pasien selama di rawat di rumah sakit. Spiritualitas dapat mempengaruhi proses penyembuhan dan penguatan diri atau dalam menghadapi penyakitnya. Pendekatan sistematis terhadap perawatan spiritual pasien menjamin perawatan yang tepat dan efektif. Perilaku manusia mencakup tiga komponen, yaitu pengetahuan, sikap atau mental dan tingkah laku. Sikap atau mental merupakan sesuatu yang melekat pada diri manusia. Mental diartikan sebagai reaksi manusia terhadap sesuatu keadaan atau peristiwa, sedangkan tingkah laku merupakan perbuatan tertentu dari manusia sebagai reaksi terhadap keadaan atau situasi yang dihadapi. Perbuatan tertentu ini dapat bersifat positif dapat pula negatif. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk menganalisis perilaku spiritualitas terhadap penerapan spiritualitas pada pasien gangguan jiwa di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Pemerintah Aceh. Desain dalam penelitian deskriptif korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Populasi berjumlah 41 orang dengan pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik total sampling. Waktu penelitian dilakukan pada tanggal 04-07 Desember 2018. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan pengetahuan spritualitas terhadap penerapan spritualitas pada pasien dengan nlai p-Value (0,03) tidak terdapat hubungan sikap spritualitas pasien dengan penerapan spritualitas dengan nilai p-Value (0,22), terdapat hubungan tindakan spritualitas pasien dengan penerapan spritulitas dengan nilai p-Value (0,02). Diharapkan kepada perawat untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan pasien jiwa untuk mengubah perilaku, penerapan spritualitas pada pasien sehingga pasien mendapatkan spritulitas yang dapat mengembalikan semangat untuk kesembuhan.
Bakiak and Interpersonal Intelligence on Physical Motor of Children in Khairani Kindergarten of Aceh Besar
Authors: Oktariana Riza , Yus Anita , Hasibuan Sanusi
Published: October 2019

Physical motor development is one of the five aspects of early childhood development, to achieve the motoric development, especially rough motoric is done through games. Play activities can stimulate a children’s physical  motor development , and become one of the other important factors in improving a children’s psychic interpersonal intelligence. Based on this background, the researchers chose the title “Bakiak and Interpersonal Intelligence on Physical Motor of Children in Khairani Kindergarten of Aceh Besar”. Problems formulation in this study are: Is there any effect of bakiak game on children’s physical  motor development , is there any effect of interpersonal intelligence on a children's physical motor development, and is there any interaction of bakiak game and interpersonal intelligence on a children’s physical  motor development. The research objectives are: To determine the effect of bakiak game on children's physical motor, to determine the effect of interpersonal intelligence on children's physical motor development and to determine the interaction of bakiak game and interpersonal intelligence on children’s physical  motor development . The location of the study was conducted at Khairani Kindergarten in Aceh Besar located in Lubok Batee village, Ingin Jaya Subdistricr, Aceh Besar District. This study was conducted on 15 October to 15 December 2018. The research subject of children's group B which amounted to 30 people, consisting of B1 (15 people) and B2 (15 people). This study was conducted by using experimental methods and research design with treatment by level 2 x 2. The research instrument used were bakiak game, interpersonal intelligence observation sheets and motor physical development tests. Research procedures are pretest, treatment, posttest, data processing, data analysis and conclusion. Meet the instrument validity and reliability standards. Data analysis techniques use descriptive data released by Mean, Median, Mode, frequency distribution table and histogram. Testing the analysis prerequisites that is normality and homogeneity data. From the results of data analysis obtained by this study shows the effect of bakiak game and interpersonal intelligence on physical motor of children in Khairani Kindergarten of Aceh Besar
Sisällissota 1918 ja ammattikoulu
Authors: Laukia Jari
Published: October 2019

Ensimmäiset modernit ammattikoulut perustettiin Suomeen 1800–1900-lukujen taitteessa. Päiväkouluina toimivat ammattikoulut oli tarkoitettu kaupunkien työläistaustaisille nuorille, jotka olivat käyneet kansakoulun, mutta jotka eivät vielä olleet työelämässä. Katsauksessa haen vastausta kysymyksen, mitä vaikutuksia sisällissodalla oli ammattikoulujen opetukseen ja kasvatustehtävään 1920–1930-luvuilla. Lähteinä käytän aikakauden komiteamietintöjä, aikalaiskirjoituksia ja tutkimuskirjallisuutta. Suomen sisällissodan taistelut koskettivat erityisesti kaupunkeja, joissa oli ammattikoulu; Tampere, Helsinki, Pori, Viipuri. Sodan seurauksena koulujen toiminta oli osittain keskeytyksessä ja opiskelijamäärät vähenivät. Sodan jälkeen toiminta jatkui nopeasti ja opiskelijamäärät kasvoivat. Virallisissa ohjeissa sisällissodan tapahtumia neuvottiin lähestymään ammattikoulun opetuksessa neutraalisti. Koulutuksen tavoitteena oli ajatus kouluttaa opiskelijoista itsestään ja perheestään huolehtimaan kykeneviä työläiskansalaisia.  Yksityisteollisuuden ammattikouluissa kasvatuksen poliittiset tavoitteet näkyivät selkeästi. Tavoitteena oli kasvattaa poliittisesti luotettavia ammattitaitoisia työntekijöitä teollisuuden avaintehtäviin, jotta tuotantolaitosten toiminta pystyttiin pitämään yllä myös työtaisteluiden aikana. 1930-luvun lopulle tultaessa poliittisen kasvatuksen painotus väheni. Yhteiskunnan poliittinen kuohunta väheni, ja kunnat alkoivat jälleen perustaa ammattikouluja valmisteilla olevan uuden lainsäädännön vahvistaman julkisen rahoituksen turvin.
Pendidikan Nilai-Nilai Kebangsaan Di Pesantren : Riset di Pesantren Ashidiqiyah Jakarta Barat
Authors: Mursyid Ali
Published: October 2019

In addition to transferring knowledge, education is the way to cultivate the values, such as civic values. Recently, the urgency of civic education is deemed important regarding the emergence of national crisis (the lack of civic and public values). Therefore, civic values must be implemented in educational institution such as pesantren. This paper is research summary on education values in Ashidiqiyah Pesantren Kedoya South Jakarta. The result inferred that civic education was cultivated in the Pesantren, including the personal character and nation character building. Personal character encompasses honesty, truthfulness, love to knowledge, sincerity, patient, self-restraint and others values of piety. While civic character constitutes tolerance, equality, and national unity and others. Civic values educated in the Pesantren are referenced to the Qur‟an, hadith and classical Islamic works (yellow book) and implemented through two systems: education (ta‟lim) and care systems. Ta‟lim system is implemented in formal education (madrasah) surrounding the Pesantren, starting from the lowest level (ibtidaiyyah) to the higher level Madrasah (aliyah) and Ma‟had Ali (as university). Ta‟lim system is also conducted through routine studies on Yellow Book and discussion forum (bahsul masa‟il), and the like. While care system tends to emphasize the habitual (ta‟dib). By the care, control and discipline systems, santri as subject of education is accustomed to practice the higher values of Islam, including civic values and self-defend to the bad values which polluted the civic values.
تكوين الجيل الذهبي من خلال رفع مستوي تعليم القيم الأخلاقية في الأسرة
Authors: Syibromalisi Faizah Ali
Published: October 2019

ىذا الدقاؿ تبتُ أف الإنسانية برلم بالجيل الذىبي أك الجيل الدثالي كدعا الى تكوينو الأممكالشعوب كبرقيقيو عن طريق التًبية كالتعليم. كالطفل ىو سواد ىذا الجيل يحتل ميدانا خطتَا بُ ىيكليةبناء الجيل الذىبي. فاف عيوٌد الختَ كعلمو، نشأ عليو كسعد بُ الدنيا كالآخرة. كنظرا لذذه الأهمية, أصدرالرئيس الإندكنيسيي قرارا حكوميا بغرض رفع مستوم تعليم الأخلبؽ أك Character لدم الأطفاؿ,كلتحقيق الجيل الذىيبي بُ سنة كنظرا لدكاف إندكنيسيا كشعب لو جزكر ثقابُ أصيل يحتً القيمالأخلبقية, كالعادة كالتقاليد, متمشيا مع ركح الدبادئ الخمسة ) Pancasila (. فتعليم الأخلبؽ أفيكوف مبدءا أساسيا بُ عملية تنفيذ التًبية كالتعليم جتي يكوف الطفل قويِّا بُ كل ناحية من نواحيحياتو : قويِّا بُ أخلبقو كبُ فكره, كبُ جسمو, كقويِّا بُ كل ما يعطيو لفظ القوة من دلالة كالصدؽكالأمانة كالعفة كالتسامح كالشجاعة إلى غتَ ذلك من أمور كثتَة. فيكوف قادرا علي بضاية البلبد من أمإعتداءات كتفكك أك من سيطرة الدكؿ الأخرم كسياسيا كإقتصايا.كلا يتم ىذا الدشركع إلا بدشاركة مع الأسرة كمؤسسة التعليمية كالمجتمع, كمن ىنا كانت رسالة الأسرةكالددرسة كالمجتمع رسالة يتمم بعضها بع ن ضا., كلكن، يبقى الأسرة ىي الدسؤكلة الأكلي، اذ يتم فيها كضعاللبنات الأكلى لعملية التًبية من العناية بلؤطفاؿ جسديا كعقليا كركحيا كنفسيا, كتنمية شخصيتهم. بالرغممن خطو رة كظيفة الأسرة إلا أف ىناؾ التحديات التي تواجو الأسرة مثل انحراف سلوك الأبناءوإنشغاؿ الأب كالأ خارج الدنزؿ كالعنف داخل الأسرة التي بروؿ الأسرة دكف أداء كظيفتها. الأمر الذميتطلب منا الإرتقاء بالتعاكف كالتنسيق فيما بيننا لبحث أفضل السبل للتعامل معها بفية الوقوؼ عليأسبابها كالحد من سلبياتها.
Hak Puasa Bagi Istri Yang Tanpa Izin Suami : Analisis Hadis
Authors: Taqiyuddin Hafidz
Published: October 2019

Kewajiban dan hak suami dan istri diatur dalam Islam, termasuk di antaranya diatur dalam hadis Nabi Saw sebagai bagian daripada dasar hukum Islam. Di antara hal yang diatur dalam hadis terkait hal tersebut adalah tentang puasa istridanpa izin suami. Kualitas sanad dan matan tentang puasa istri tanpa izin suami, baik hadis yang diriwayatkan oleh Abu Hurayrah maupun hadis yang diriwayatkan Abu Sa‟id al-Khudry merupakan hadis-hadis shahih. Dengan demikian hadis-hadis tersebut yang dapat dijadikan sandaran hukum. Adapun maksud dari tidak dibolehkannya istri melakukan puasa tanpa izin suami adalah bahwa seorang istri tidak diperkenankan berpuasa tanpa izin suaminya dengan syarat-syarat berikut, yaitu: pertama, puasa yang hendak dilakukan adalah puasa Sunnah. Kedua, puasa istri dilakukan ketika suami tidak bepergian.
Konsep Keluarga Dan Perempuan Dalam Perspektif Jamaah Tabligh: Analisa Normatif-Sosiologis
Authors: Ma'mun Sukron
Published: October 2019

Kajian ini membahas konsep keluarga dan juga peran ideal kaum perempuan (istri) dalam keluarga menurut Jamaah Tabligh. Kajian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh model keagamaan dan gerakan dakwah Jamaah tabligh yang cenderung trandisionalis dengan prinsip mengikuti tradisi yang berlaku semasa Rasulullah dan sahabat pada masa lalu. Sehingga gerakan Jamaah Tabligh seringkali dianggap sebagai kelompok revivalis trandisionalis Islam. Aktivitas utama gerakan ini adalah dakwah keagamaan, dengan menerapkan metode dakwah sebagaimana Rasulullah lakukan. Di sisi lain, banyak anggapan bahwa Jamaah Tabligh banyak mengabaikan keluarga karean aktivitas dakwah mereka seperti khuruj dan jaulah. Sementara dalam hubungan dengan kaum perempuan (istri), Jamaah Tabligh seringkali dianggap cenderung mengesampingkan perempuan atau memposisikan dalam wilayah subordinat (domestik).Kajian ini memberikan gambaran detail mengenai dua konsepsi tersebut. Kajian ini dilakukan tidak hanya melulu pada kajian pustaka, tetapi juga menambahkan dengan data dari hasil wawancara dengan ustadz-ustadz yang menjadi penggerak Jamaah Tabligh di kawasan Jawa Tengah. Data dokumentasi dari ceramah (bayan) amir Jamaah Tabligh di Indonesia juga disertakan untuk menguatkan kajian ini.
The influence various sources of fluctuation on the statistical parameters of the vertical cavity surface emitting lasers output radiation
Authors: Burov Leonid I. , Gorbatsevich Alexander S. , Labatsevich Pavel M.
Published: October 2019

Based on statistical modeling, a numerical analysis of the effects exerted by different factors (fluctuations of the spontaneous emission intensity, nonequilibrium carrier concentration, injection current density) on the statistical characteristics of radiation at the output of surface emitting semiconductor lasers in the region of polarization instability has been performed. In this region the effect of fluctuations is maximal, offering the possibility for substantiated conclusions about relative effects of the parameters. In a theory of semiconductor lasers it is thought that the intensity fluctuations of spontaneous emission represent the dominant source of fluctuations, whereas all other sources may be neglected. As demonstra ted by the results of conducted statistical modeling, this statement is too rigorous; moreover, such a source is not dominant. Taking into consideration fluctuations of the carrier concentration, which result in fluctuations of the amplification factor, we can derive a complete set of the relationships observed experimentally. This result cannot be associated with features our model because in our theory spontaneous emission is a significant factor. If the influence of spontaneous emission would be the dominant factor, it would affect the simulation results. The obtained data make it possible to doubt the key role of the spontaneous emission intensity fluctuations in the process of statistical characteristics formation for the output radiation and to take into account fluctuations of the nonequilibrium carrier concentration.
Artists’ Books as Resistant Transmitters
Authors: Milne Jo
Published: October 2019

Since the early 1970s, the origins of artists’ books have been extensively discussed and documented (Drücker, Lauf, Lippard, Phillpot, Gilbert et al.), yet the genre continues to generate new questions and paradoxes regarding its place and status within the visual arts as a primary medium. Whilst the conception of contemporary artists’ books lay in the medium’s potential for dissemination via mass production and portability, opportunities for distribution remain limited to a select number of outlets worldwide or, as an alternative, through the growing in number but time-limited artists’ book fairs, such as those established events in Barcelona, Berlin, Bristol, Leeds, London, New York and Seoul. In parallel with the development of screen-based digital technologies and social media platforms, we have experienced the exponential production of artists’ books in contemporary art practice, craft and design; a quiet revolution that emerged from both the centre and the fringes of the art world over six decades ago, developing relatively quickly as a gallery commodity through artefact/exhibition catalogue cross-overs, and more recently as a significant discipline in its own right within educational establishments. This begs the question, why, in an era of potentially print-free communication, do we continue to pursue the possibilities of the physical book format? What can the traditional structures of the codex, the leporello, the single section or that most basic and satisfying action of creasing a sheet of paper—the folio—offer the tech-savvy audience or maker? But artists’ publications offer alternative platforms for visual communication, resistant to formal forms of presentation, and they appeal to the hand and can question what it means to read in this digital age.
A Smo/Gli Multitarget Hedgehog Pathway Inhibitor Impairs Tumor Growth
Authors: Lospinoso Severini Ludovica , Quaglio Deborah , Basili Irene , Ghirga Francesca , Bufalieri Francesca , Caimano Miriam , Balducci Silvia , Moretti Marta , Romeo Isabella , Loricchio Elena , Maroder Marella , Botta Bruno , Mori Mattia , Infante Paola , Di Marcotullio Lucia
Published: October 2019

Pharmacological Hedgehog (Hh) pathway inhibition has emerged as a valuable anticancer strategy. A number of small molecules able to block the pathway at the upstream receptor Smoothened (Smo) or the downstream effector glioma-associated oncogene 1 (Gli1) has been designed and developed. In a recent study, we exploited the high versatility of the natural isoflavone scaffold for targeting the Hh signaling pathway at multiple levels showing that the simultaneous targeting of Smo and Gli1 provided synergistic Hh pathway inhibition stronger than single administration. This approach seems to effectively overcome the drug resistance, particularly at the level of Smo. Here, we combined the pharmacophores targeting Smo and Gli1 into a single and individual isoflavone, compound 22, which inhibits the Hh pathway at both upstream and downstream level. We demonstrate that this multitarget agent suppresses medulloblastoma growth in vitro and in vivo through antagonism of Smo and Gli1, which is a novel mechanism of action in Hh inhibition.
Electro-Optical Performance of Organic Thin-Film Using HAT(CN)6 between Anode and Organic Materials
Authors: Park Hong-Gyu , Park Sang-Geon
Published: October 2019

We report the electro-optical properties of an organic thin-film by varying the thickness of 1,4,5,8,9,11-hexaazatriphenylene-hexacarbonitrile (HAT(CN)6), included therein as an interlayer. Devices with HAT(CN)6, which are 7 nm thin films used as interlayers, exhibited good current density–voltage characteristics due to an improved hole injection barrier resulting from carrier ladder effects and carrier transport phenomena. The device without an interlayer showed the worst driving voltage characteristics due to the hole injection barrier. At low driving voltages, a device using 7 nm HAT(CN)6 as an interlayer exhibited a current density about 9.9 times higher than that of a device using 20 nm HAT(CN)6, and showed a current density about 9600 times higher than that of a device without an interlayer. Due to the proper carrier balance, the device using 7 nm HAT(CN)6 as an interlayer achieved a maximum current efficiency of 10.8 cd/A, which was the highest among the devices studied. This shows that the electro-optical properties of devices using HAT(CN)6 as an interlayer are dominated by the holes.
Performance Comparison between Fountain Codes-Based Secure MIMO Protocols with and without Using Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access
Authors: The Hung Dang , Trung Duy Tran , Tran Phuong T. , Quoc Trinh Do , Hanh Tan
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we propose and evaluate the performance of fountain codes (FCs) based secure transmission protocols in multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) wireless systems, in presence of a passive eavesdropper. In the proposed protocols, a source selects its best antenna to transmit fountain encoded packets to a destination that employs selection combining (SC) or maximal ratio combing (MRC) to enhance reliability of the decoding. The transmission is terminated when the destination has a required number of the encoded packets to reconstruct the original data of the source. Similarly, the eavesdropper also has the ability to recover the source data if it can intercept a sufficient number of the encoded packets. To reduce the number of time slots used, the source can employ non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) to send two encoded packets to the destination at each time slot. For performance analysis, exact formulas of average number of time slots (TS) and intercept probability (IP) over Rayleigh fading channel are derived and then verified by Monte-Carlo simulations. The results presented that the protocol using NOMA not only reduces TS but also obtains lower IP at medium and high transmit signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), as compared with the corresponding protocol without using NOMA.
Biogas Upgrading: A Review of National Biomethane Strategies and Support Policies in Selected Countries
Authors: Schmid Christopher , Horschig Thomas , Pfeiffer Alexandra , Szarka Nora , Thrän Daniela
Published: October 2019

Bioenergy contributes significantly towards the share of renewable energies, in Europe and worldwide. Besides solid and liquid biofuels, gaseous biofuels, such as biogas or upgraded biogas (biomethane), are an established renewable fuel in Europe. Although many studies consider biomethane technologies, feedstock potentials, or sustainability issues, the literature on the required legislative framework for market introduction is limited. Therefore, this research aims at identifying the market and legislative framework conditions in the three leading biomethane markets in Europe and compare them to the framework conditions of the top six non-European biomethane markets. This study shows the global status and national differences in promoting this renewable energy carrier. For the cross-country comparison, a systematic and iterative literature review is conducted. The results show the top three European biomethane markets (Germany, United Kingdom, Sweden) and the six non-European biomethane markets (Brazil, Canada, China, Japan, South Korea, and the United States of America), pursuing different promotion approaches and framework conditions. Noteworthy cross-national findings are the role of state-level incentives, the tendency to utilise biomethane as vehicular fuel and the focus on residues and waste as feedstock for biomethane production. Presenting a cross-country comparison, this study supports cross-country learning for the promotion of renewable energies like biomethane and gives a pertinent overview of the work.
Deep Ensemble Learning Model for Short-Term Load Forecasting within Active Learning Framework
Authors: Wang Zengping , Zhao Bing , Guo Haibo , Tang Lingling , Peng Yuexing
Published: October 2019

Short term load forecasting (STLF) is one of the basic techniques for economic operation of the power grid. Electrical load consumption can be affected by both internal and external factors so that it is hard to forecast accurately due to the random influencing factors such as weather. Besides complicated and numerous internal patterns, electrical load shows obvious yearly, seasonal, and weekly quasi-periodicity. Traditional regression-based models and shallow neural network models cannot accurately learn the complicated inner patterns of the electrical load. Long short-term memory (LSTM) model features a strong learning capacity to capture the time dependence of the time series and presents the state-of-the-art performance. However, as the time span increases, LSTM becomes much harder to train because it cannot completely avoid the vanishing gradient problem in recurrent neural networks. Then, LSTM models cannot capture the dependence over large time span which is of potency to enhance STLF. Moreover, electrical loads feature data imbalance where some load patterns in high/low temperature zones are more complicated but occur much less often than those in mild temperature zones, which severely degrades the LSTM-based STLF algorithms. To fully exploit the information beneath the high correlation of load segments over large time spans and combat the data imbalance, a deep ensemble learning model within active learning framework is proposed, which consists of a selector and a predictor. The selector actively selects several key load segments with the most similar pattern as the current one to train the predictor, and the predictor is an ensemble learning-based deep learning machine integrating LSTM and multi-layer preceptor (MLP). The LSTM is capable of capturing the short-term dependence of the electrical load, and the MLP integrates both the key history load segments and the outcome of LSTM for better forecasting. The proposed model was evaluated over an open dataset, and the results verify its advantage over the existing STLF models.
Optimization of Cerbera manghas Biodiesel Production Using Artificial Neural Networks Integrated with Ant Colony Optimization
Authors: Silitonga Arridina , Mahlia Teuku , Shamsuddin Abd , Ong Hwai , Milano Jassinnee , Kusumo Fitranto , Sebayang Abdi , Dharma Surya , Ibrahim Husin , Husin Hazlina , Mofijur M. , Rahman S.
Published: October 2019

Optimizing the process parameters of biodiesel production is the key to maximizing biodiesel yields. In this study, artificial neural network models integrated with ant colony optimization were developed to optimize the parameters of the two-step Cerbera manghas biodiesel production process: (1) esterification and (2) transesterification. The parameters of esterification and transesterification processes were optimized to minimize the acid value and maximize the C. manghas biodiesel yield, respectively. There was excellent agreement between the average experimental values and those predicted by the artificial neural network models, indicating their reliability. These models will be useful to predict the optimum process parameters, reducing the trial and error of conventional experimentation. The kinetic study was conducted to understand the mechanism of the transesterification process and, lastly, the model could measure the physicochemical properties of the C. manghas biodiesel.
Consortium Blockchain-Based Microgrid Market Transaction Research
Authors: Zhao Wenting , Lv Jun , Yao Xilong , Zhao Juanjuan , Jin Zhixin , Qiang Yan , Che Zheng , Wei Chunwu
Published: October 2019

The microgrid trading market can effectively solve the problem of in-situ consumption of distributed energy and reduce the impact of distributed generation (DG) on the grid. However, the traditional microgrid trading model has some shortcomings, such as high operation cost and poor security. Therefore, in this paper, a microgrid market trading model was developed using consortium blockchain technology and Nash game equilibrium theory. Firstly, blockchain container is used to authenticate the users who want to participate in the transaction. Then, the pricing system collects and integrates transaction requests submitted by users, then formulates transaction pricing strategy of microgrid using Nash equilibrium theory. Finally, the price, trading volume, and user information are submitted to the blockchain container for transaction matching to achieve the transaction. After the transaction is completed, its related information is recorded in the hyperledger and the dispatch system is called. The scene simulation was implemented on Fabric 1.1 platform and the results analyzed. Results show that the trading model proposed in this paper greatly reduces the cost of electricity purchase and improves the benefits of electricity sales. Besides, the model is far more capable of handling transactions than the models based on Bitcoin and Ethereum.
A Regional Photovoltaic Output Prediction Method Based on Hierarchical Clustering and the mRMR Criterion
Authors: Fu Lei , Yang Yiling , Yao Xiaolong , Jiao Xufen , Zhu Tiantian
Published: October 2019

Photovoltaic (PV) power generation is greatly affected by meteorological environmental factors, with obvious fluctuations and intermittencies. The large-scale PV power generation grid connection has an impact on the source-load stability of the large power grid. To scientifically and rationally formulate the power dispatching plan, it is necessary to realize the PV output prediction. The output prediction of single power plants is no longer applicable to large-scale power dispatching. Therefore, the demand for the PV output prediction of multiple power plants in an entire region is becoming increasingly important. In view of the drawbacks of the traditional regional PV output prediction methods, which divide a region into sub-regions based on geographical locations and determine representative power plants according to the correlation coefficient, this paper proposes a multilevel spatial upscaling regional PV output prediction algorithm. Firstly, the sub-region division is realized by an empirical orthogonal function (EOF) decomposition and hierarchical clustering. Secondly, a representative power plant selection model is established based on the minimum redundancy maximum relevance (mRMR) criterion. Finally, the PV output prediction for the entire region is achieved through the output prediction of representative power plants of the sub-regions by utilizing the Elman neural network. The results from a case study show that, compared with traditional methods, the proposed prediction method reduces the normalized mean absolute error (nMAE) by 4.68% and the normalized root mean square error (nRMSE) by 5.65%, thereby effectively improving the prediction accuracy.
Transcriptome Profile Analysis of Mammary Gland Tissue from Two Breeds of Lactating Sheep
Authors: Hao Zhiyun , Zhou Huitong , Hickford Jon G.H. , Gong Hua , Wang Jiqing , Hu Jiang , Liu Xiu , Li Shaobin , Zhao Mengli , Luo Yuzhu
Published: October 2019

The mammary gland is a crucial tissue for milk synthesis and plays a critical role in the feeding and growth of mammalian offspring. The aim of this study was to use RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) technology to provide a transcriptome profile of the ovine mammary gland at the peak of lactation. Small-Tailed Han (STH) sheep (n = 9) and Gansu Alpine Merino (GAM) sheep (n = 9), breeds with phenotypic differences in milk production traits, were selected for the RNA-Seq analysis. This revealed 74 genes that were more highly expressed in the STHs than in the GAMs. Similarly, 143 genes that were expressed at lower levels in the STHs than in the GAMs, were identified. Gene ontogeny (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses revealed that these differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were associated with binding and catalytic activities, hematopoietic cell lineages, oxytocin signaling pathway and neuroactive ligand–receptor interaction. This is the first study of the transcriptome profile of the ovine mammary gland in these Chinese breeds at peak lactation. The results provide for a better understanding of the genetic mechanisms involved in ovine lactation.
Association of NLRP1 Coding Polymorphism with Lung Function and Serum IL-1β Concentration in Patients Diagnosed with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Authors: Ozretić Petar , da Silva Filho Miguel Inacio , Catalano Calogerina , Sokolović Irena , Vukić-Dugac Andrea , Šutić Maja , Kurtović Matea , Bubanović Gordana , Popović-Grle Sanja , Skrinjarić-Cincar Sanda , Vugrek Oliver , Jukić Irena , Rumora Lada , Bosnar Martina , Samaržija Miroslav , Bals Robert , Jakopović Marko , Försti Asta , Knežević Jelena
Published: October 2019

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic disease characterized by a progressive decline in lung function due to airflow limitation, mainly related to IL-1β-induced inflammation. We have hypothesized that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in NLRP genes, coding for key regulators of IL-1β, are associated with pathogenesis and clinical phenotypes of COPD. We recruited 704 COPD individuals and 1238 healthy controls for this study. Twenty non-synonymous SNPs in 10 different NLRP genes were genotyped. Genetic associations were estimated using logistic regression, adjusting for age, gender, and smoking history. The impact of genotypes on patients’ overall survival was analyzed with the Kaplan–Meier method with the log-rank test. Serum IL-1β concentration was determined by high sensitivity assay and expression analysis was done by RT-PCR. Decreased lung function, measured by a forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1% predicted), was significantly associated with the minor allele genotypes (AT + TT) of NLRP1 rs12150220 (p = 0.0002). The same rs12150220 genotypes exhibited a higher level of serum IL-1β compared to the AA genotype (p = 0.027) in COPD patients. NLRP8 rs306481 minor allele genotypes (AG + AA) were more common in the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) definition of group A (p = 0.0083). Polymorphisms in NLRP1 (rs12150220; OR = 0.55, p = 0.03) and NLRP4 (rs12462372; OR = 0.36, p = 0.03) were only nominally associated with COPD risk. In conclusion, coding polymorphisms in NLRP1 rs12150220 show an association with COPD disease severity, indicating that the fine-tuning of the NLRP1 inflammasome could be important in maintaining lung tissue integrity and treating the chronic inflammation of airways.
Can Asset-Based Community Development with Children and Youth Enhance the Level of Participation in Health Promotion Projects? A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis
Authors: Agdal Rita , Midtgård Inger Helen , Meidell Vigdis
Published: October 2019

The asset-based community development (ABCD) approach have been widely used to map local assets and to ensure participation of local communities in public health promotion strategies. Participatory practices, such as ABCD, have been applied to shift public health strategies towards addressing health inequities. In this meta-synthesis, we ask if, and how, ABCD enhance the level of participation for children, youth and schools. Three thousand eight hundred eight titles and abstracts were identified in ten databases and transferred to the online program Rayyan. Through a blinded process we excluded texts that did not meet the inclusion criteria. The twelve included texts on ABCD for children, youth and schools are of varying quality. The research on ABCD for children, youth and schools have not been cumulative. Nevertheless, the texts show that ABCD provides strategies that enhance the participation of children, youth, and schools, in health promotion projects. The projects were categorized according to Robert Hart’s classical participation ladder, and we found that the projects with the highest level of adherence to ABCD principles also had the highest level of participation. The projects with high levels of participation were supported by adult facilitators that created learning environments where children and youth developed their participatory skills.