bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Review of Résurrection d’Osiris—Naissance d’Horus: Les papyrus Berlin P. 6750 et Berlin P. 8765, témoignages de la persistance de la tradition sacerdotale dans le Fayoum à l’époque romaine
Authors: Bojowald Stefan
Published: March 2023

Résurrection d’Osiris—Naissance d’Horus: Les papyrus Berlin P. 6750 et Berlin P. 8765, témoignages de la persistance de la tradition sacerdotale dans le Fayoum à l’époque romaine. By Ghislaine Widmer. Ägyptische und Orientalische Papyri und Handschriften des Ägyptischen Museums und Papyrussammlung Berlin, vol. 3. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2016. Pp. 444, 16 pls. $210.
Review of Toponymy on the Periphery: Placenames of the Eastern Desert, Red Sea, and South Sinai in Egyptian Documents from the Early Dynastic until the End of the New Kingdom
Authors: Rendsburg Gary A.
Published: March 2023

Toponymy on the Periphery: Placenames of the Eastern Desert, Red Sea, and South Sinai in Egyptian Documents from the Early Dynastic until the End of the New Kingdom. By Julien Charles Cooper. Probleme der Ägyptologie, vol. 39. Leiden: Brill, 2020. Pp. xvii + 718. $324.
Review of Mittani Palaeography
Authors: De Martino Stefano
Published: March 2023

Mittani Palaeography. By Zenobia S. Homan. Cuneiform Monographs, vol. 48. Leiden: Brill, 2020 . Pp. xvii + 393. $197.
Review of Zeit in den Kulturen des Altertums: Antike Chronologie im Spiegel der Quellen
Authors: Spalinger Anthony
Published: March 2023

Zeit in den Kulturen des Altertums: Antike Chronologie im Spiegel der Quellen. Edited by Roland Färber and Rita Gautschy. Vienna: Böhlau Verlag. Pp. 688, illus. €80.
Effective Ultramarathon Pacing Strategies on Road and Trail: A Narrative Review
Authors: Thornton Owen R.
Published: March 2023

Since the inaugural Comrades Marathon in 1921, ultramarathons have witnessed remarkable growth, with a recent surge in both participation and spectator interest. As performance improvement becomes a priority for researchers and ultramarathon runners, understanding pacing strategies, which greatly impact performance, is essential. Pacing strategies for ultramarathon runners can differ substantially based on factors such as age, distance, performance level, and the competition environment. These strategies can help overcome speed drops, especially when running on mountainous or flat terrain, and aid in implementing precooling strategies for improved running. However, no study has fully explored the distinct pacing techniques required for ultramarathons on hilly terrain compared to level roads or tracks. This review aims to provide researchers, coaches, and ultramarathon competitors with a better understanding of pacing processes and strategies across various terrains. It synthesizes effective pacing strategies from existing literature on mountain and track ultramarathons, highlighting similarities, differences, and potential gaps in knowledge. By doing so, this review aims to help ultramarathon participants more effectively comprehend and apply pacing tactics across a range of terrains.
Effect of Gender on Access to Loans in Malawi
Authors: Ebiyamu Elisa Nathan , Kaudza-Masina George
Published: March 2023

Access to loan is vital for households to supplement their current flow of income as they strive to meet their consumption and investment expenditure needs. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of gender on access to loans and amount of money that is borrowed. This is a quantitative research that used secondary cross section data collected from all parts of the country by the Malawi National Statistical Office (NSO) called The Fifth Integrated Household Survey (IHS 5) data. This is cross section data that was collect in the period from 2019 to 2020. Data was analysed quantitatively by using descriptive statistics and econometric models. Probit model was used to assess the effect of gender on access to credit and a multiple regression was used to determine the effect of gender on amount of money a household borrowed. This study found that Malawians borrow money mainly for consumption. On access to loans, results show that, being female increases the probability of accessing loans but reduces the amount of borrowed money. Education was found to have positive effect on both access to credit and amount of credit. To increase the amount of money that women borrow, the study recommends that public loan programs like National Economic Empowerment Fund (NEEF) must put in place deliberate mechanisms aimed at increasing the amount of money they lend to women. On education, we recommend compulsory primary school education, Business Studies in secondary school education and Entrepreneurship module in Colleges.
Generalized Fixed Points for Four Self-mappings with the Property OWC in CMS
Authors: Prudhvi K.
Published: March 2023

In this research article, we obtained fixed points for Four self – mappings with the property Occasionally Weakly Compatible (OWC) in Cone Metric Spaces (CMS). Our results are generalized, improved some of the results in this article references.
Groundwater Flow Modelling for Selected Parts of Port-Harcourt and Obi-Akpo Local Government Areas in Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Adegbola A. A. , Kumolu O. A. , Olaniyan O. S.
Published: March 2023

Aim: There is a need to develop steady and transient state models for the hydro-geological system of Port Harcourt and Obio-Akpor areas to understand the groundwater system of the area.

Study Design:  Port Harcourt and Obio-Akpor.

Place and Duration of Study: Port Harcourt and Obio-Akpor, between April 2011 and April 2021.

Methodology: Thirty-eight boreholes were selected randomly within the studied areas and examined to obtain their physcio-chemical properties which include borehole locations, chemical properties, water level, discharge, aquifer transmissivity, specific yield, and storativity. The data obtained were used to develop a base map for the groundwater model. A mathematical model (MM) was developed from estimated initial conditions (hydraulic conductivity and recharge). The MM was excited and its response was used to derive a Modular Three-Dimensional Finite Difference groundwater flow model. Groundwater Modelling System version 10.06 software was used to simulate and predict the groundwater flow. Root-Mean-Square=Error (RMSE) analysis was used to assess the relationship between computed and observed hydraulic heads.

Results: The mean values of aquifer transmissivity, specific yield, and storativity from the field data were 0.0600m²/min; 0.11596m³/min, and 0.00040, respectively. The developed base map spread between 4.4601ºN, 7.0498ºE, and 4.8156ºN, 7.5098ºE. The estimated hydraulic conductivity and recharge were 0.00004m/day and 0.00054m³/day respectively. However, based on Modular Three-Dimensional Finite Difference groundwater flow model,  the hydraulic and recharge were 0.00055m/day and 2.27520m³/day, respectively.

Conclusion: The developed model for the selected parts of Port- Harcourt and Obi-Akpo has low sensitivity values compared with the estimated initial values for hydraulic conductivity and recharge. Results generated from the model cannot be used to predict future recharge and drawdown for the studied domain area but can serve as a baseline for further studies.
Performance of Different Maize Varieties under Front Line Demonstrations in District Kupwara
Authors: Bhat Raies A. , Malik Kaiser M. , Raina Firdous A. , Hakeem Shahid A. , Bhat Faisal N. , Nissar R. , Bumla Nazir A. , Bhat A. G. , Dar Z. A.
Published: March 2023

To improve the seed replacement rate and adoption rate of maize technologies front line demonstration on different high yielding region specific maize varieties were carried out in Kupwara. 120 Front Line Demonstrations on Maize Varieties were conducted at Farmers Field in District Kupwara in the current investigation to show the impact of high yielding varieties of Maize viz. Shalimar Composite-4, Shalimar Maize Composite-3, KG-2, Shalimar QPMH-1 and LQMH-1 with recommended Package of Practices and compared with local check during the Kharif seasons of 2020 and 2021.The improved high yielding varieties Shalimar omposite-4 , Shalimar Maize Composite-3,KG-2, Shalimar QPMH-1 and LQMH-1  recorded   yield of 48, 58  45  68 and 85 qs/ha respectively as compared to local  varieties with yield of 16.00, 18.00, 13.00, 25.00 and 25.00q /ha. Respectively. The technology gap of, SMC-4, SMC-3, KG-2, Shalimar QPMH-1 and LQMH-1 was recorded as 2,8,5,2 and 5 q/ha respectively and extension gap was recorded as 40,31,32,43,60q/ha respectively. The technology index with respect to, SMC-4, SMC-3, KG-2 Shalimar QPMH-1 and LQMH-1 was recorded as 3.3,14.54,10.00,2.85 and 5.55-% respectively.
A Review on Advances in Agriculture and Agroforestry with GPS and GIS
Authors: Karada Makhan Singh , Bajpai Rakesh , Singh Megha , Singh Alok Kumar , Agnihotri Dheer , Singh Bipin Kumar
Published: March 2023

Various researchers, agronomists, scientists, and engineers utilize a variety of technologies every year to boost agricultural productivity at a low cost, but this has a negative influence on the environment. Precision agriculture is the study of the use of technology to enhance agricultural operations in comparison to conventional agricultural methods and lessen negative environmental impacts. Precision agriculture depends heavily on remote sensing technology, and this technology's use in precision agriculture opens up new possibilities for raising agricultural standards. The global positioning system (GPS) enables the geographic Latitude and Longitude data of field data (slope, aspect, nutrients, and yield). Since it has the ability to continuously determine and record the right position, it can build a bigger database for the user. A geographic information system (GIS) that can handle and store these data is needed for further investigation. Despite agroforestry's limited spatial extent, isolation, and higher functional and structural complexity, recent advancements in geospatial technologies, as well as the free accessibility of spatial information and software, can provide additional insight into assessing tools, making the decisions, and developing policies. This review has covered the current uses of geospatial technology, along with their restrictions and limits, as well as prospective future uses for agroforestry. This review discusses GPS, GIS, and remote sensing technology and explains how they might be used in precision agriculture and agroforestry.
Endovascular Management of Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysms: A Prospective Study
Authors: Zahran Abdulrahman Mahmoud Mohamed , Mahallawy Magdy Abd Elaziz El , Shamhoot Ibrahim Ahmed , Shadad Mohamed Nasr
Published: March 2023

Background: Intracranial aneurysms are life threatening and disabling vascular lesions. The majority of aneurysms are located at branching points along the proximal arterial tree, suggesting that haemodynamic factors play significant role in aneurysms formation.

Aim: The aim of the work was to evaluate the efficacy, safety, clinical and radiological outcome of endovascular management of anterior communicating artery aneurysms.

Patients and Methods: This study was a prospective study conducted on 20 patients with anterior communicating artery aneurysms at Neurosurgery Departments – Tanta University hospitals between February 2021 and April 2022.

Results: Successful Endovascular treatment was achieved in 19 patients. 17 patients had good recovery (Glasgo outcome scale 5), 1 patient had moderate disability (GOS 4), no patients severely disabled (GOS 3), and 1 patient died (GOS 1). According to hunt and hess grading (5 patients before EVT), 10 patients with grade 1, 5 patients with grade 2 and 5 patients with grade 3 and all patients were with the same grading after ETV without deterioration.

Conclusion: In this thesis, EVT was an effective and safe technique for treatment without any treatment related morbidity or mortality. Despite our good angiographic and clinical outcome either postoperatively or during early follow up period, still longer angiographic and clinical follow up is mandatory in all cases since initial total obliteration is not a guarantee for permanent obliteration.
Introducing Indonesian Culture through Educative Boardgame Using Augmented Reality: A Prototype of Grand Indonesia Java Edition Boardgame
Authors: Salamoon Daniel Kurniawan , Angeline Gabriella , Jacaranda Amadeus , Pasadeva Bryant
Published: March 2023

The use of digital media in education is a necessity nowadays. This is also an effect due to conditions of Covid-19 pandemic. Although there is a stigma that digital media has an unfavorable impact on the student learning process, technological developments also support creative concepts that can be used at the educational level. Based on these conditions, the idea emerged to develop an educational media based on boardgames to provide a learning process. In this study, researchers chose a general topic as the basis for the content of the boardgame, which is Indonesian culture. This topic was chosen considering the need for the younger generation to understand about Indonesian culture as their homeland. The research method in finding content is collecting data about Indonesian culture from books and the internet. While the design development uses qualitative methods as the basis for thinking. In this development, the resulting prototype is a combination of designs on paper and the use of smartphones in the explanation process using Augmented Reality technology. It is hoped that this prototype can become a design that attracts the interest of the younger generation to learn about their own culture.
SQ3R Techniques with Let's Read Application for Improvement of Reading Comprehension in Low Class Elementary Students
Authors: Maruti Endang Sri , Budyartati Sri , Silviana Ersita
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the planning, process, student responses and the obstacles faced in the application of the SQ3R method with illustrated story media in learning reading comprehension for fourth grade elementary school students. This research is a qualitative descriptive study which was conducted in the fourth grade of SDN 03 Baosan Lor, Ponorogo with a total of 31 students. The methods of data collection were observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. Data analysis uses the Milles and Huberman model, namely data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results of this study indicate that lesson plans such as syllabus, lesson plans and media are well structured and planned. The learning process creates an effective atmosphere, runs smoothly and pleasantly, students respond to learning with a very positive response, and the obstacles faced are less than optimal time allocation, and there are 2-3 students who have difficulty in following the learning stage because they are still confused and do not understand. pay attention to the teacher during the learning process.
Highlights From the American College of Cardiology’s 2023 Scientific Session: the Ketogenic Diet and Cardiac Events, a Wearable Sensor to Predict Troponin Levels, Bempedoic Acid for Statin Intolerance, and More
Authors: Suran Melissa
Published: March 2023

This Medical News article discusses research presented at the American College of Cardiology and World Congress of Cardiology conference this March.
Early vs Interval Postpartum Intrauterine Device Placement
Authors: Averbach Sarah , Kully Gennifer , Hinz Erica , Dey Arnab , Berkley Holly , Hildebrand Marisa , Vaida Florin , Haider Sadia , Hofler Lisa G.
Published: March 2023

Importance

The early postpartum period, 2 to 4 weeks after birth, may be a convenient time for intrauterine device (IUD) placement; the placement could then coincide with early postpartum or well-baby visits.

Objective

To determine expulsion rates for IUDs placed early postpartum compared with those placed at the standard interval 6-week visit.

Design, Setting, and Participants

In this randomized noninferiority trial, people who had a vaginal or cesarean birth were randomly assigned to undergo early (14-28 days) or interval (42-56 days) postpartum IUD placement. Clinicians blinded to participant study group used transvaginal ultrasonography to confirm IUD presence and position at the 6-month postpartum follow-up. The study assessed 642 postpartum people from 4 US medical centers, enrolled a consecutive sample of 404 participants from March 2018 to July 2021, and followed up each participant for 6 months postpartum.

Interventions

Early postpartum IUD placement, at 2 to 4 weeks postpartum, vs standard interval placement 6 to 8 weeks postpartum.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcome was complete IUD expulsion by 6 months postpartum; the prespecified noninferiority margin was 6%. Secondary outcomes were partial IUD expulsion, IUD removal, pelvic infection, patient satisfaction, uterine perforation, pregnancy, and IUD use at 6 months postpartum. IUD malposition was an exploratory outcome.

Results

Among 404 enrolled participants, 203 participants were randomly assigned to undergo early IUD placement and 201 to undergo interval IUD placement (mean [SD] age, 29.9 [5.4] years; 46 [11.4%] were Black, 228 [56.4%] were White, and 175 [43.3%] were Hispanic). By 6 months postpartum, 53 participants (13%) never had an IUD placed and 57 (14%) were lost to follow-up. Among the 294 participants (73%) who received an IUD and completed 6-month follow-up, complete expulsion rates were 3 of 149 (2.0% [95% CI, 0.4%-5.8%]) in the early placement group and 0 of 145 (0% [95% CI, 0.0%-2.5%]) in the interval placement group (between-group difference, 2.0 [95% CI, −0.5 to 5.7] percentage points). Partial expulsion occurred in 14 (9.4% [95% CI, 5.2%-15.3%]) participants in the early placement group and 11 (7.6% [95% CI, 3.9%-13.2%]) participants in the interval placement group (between-group difference, 1.8 [95% CI, −4.8 to 8.6] percentage points). IUD use at 6 months was similar between the groups: 141 (69.5% [95% CI, 62.6%-75.7%]) participants in the early group vs 139 (67.2% [95% CI, 60.2%-73.6%]) in the interval group.

Conclusions and Relevance

Early IUD placement at 2 to 4 weeks postpartum compared with 6 to 8 weeks postpartum was noninferior for complete expulsion, but not partial expulsion. Understanding the risk of expulsion at these time points may help patients and clinicians make informed choices about the timing of IUD placement.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03462758
Clinical Trials Portfolio and Regulatory History of Idelalisib in Indolent Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Banerjee Titas , Kim Myung Sun , Haslam Alyson , Prasad Vinay
Published: March 2023

Importance

Idelalisib is a first-in-class phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor that received US Food and Drug Administration accelerated approval in July 2014 as a single-agent treatment for relapsed follicular lymphoma (FL) and small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL). Serious adverse effects were reported in 2016 leading to termination of postmarketing registry trials. However, idelalisib remained on the market until 2022 when Gilead voluntarily withdrew the drug for the accelerated approval indication.

Objective

Evaluate the regulatory oversight of the accelerated approval pathway and evidence generation for idelalisib during premarketing (2008-2014), postmarketing (2014-2016), and premarketing withdrawal periods (2016-2022).

Data Sources

ClinicalTrials.gov, FDA.gov, PubMed database.

Study Selection

Clinical trials investigating the safety and effectiveness of idelalisib.

Data Extraction and Synthesis

Study characteristics and relative risk (RR) of safety outcomes were abstracted. Data were pooled using random effects meta-analysis. The analysis was performed in October of 2022.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Trial status, recruitment status, publication status, serious adverse events (SAEs), fatal adverse events (FAEs), and all-cause mortality.

Results

Overall, 31 idelalisib trials met selection criteria. In total, 20 of 30 (65%) included SLL and/or FL; 13 (42%) trials were completed, 13 (42%) had published results, and 7 (23%) were randomized clinical trials (RCTs). Overall, 6 RCTs of idelalisib had publicly available data on safety outcomes. By the initial postmarketing period (2016), the cumulative RR for SAEs was 1.86 (95% CI, 1.63-2.11), for FAEs was 3.30 (95% CI, 1.56-7.00), and for death was 1.35 (95% CI, 0.85-2.12). In the premarketing withdrawal period, only a single phase 3 trial was enrolling patients for FL and was terminated. However, idelalisib was not withdrawn from the market until 2022. Gilead reported cumulative sales revenue of $842 million during market authorization (2014-2022) and annual sales had a steady decline from $168 million to $62 million during the premarketing withdrawal period (2016-2021).

Conclusions and Relevance

Findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis show that serious risks of SAE, FAE, and death with idelalisib treatment were evident by 2016. However, idelalisib remained on the market for another 6 years, with minimal evidence generation. It was voluntarily withdrawn for FL and SLL accelerated approval indications coinciding with decreasing revenue generation. Closer attention for safety and effectiveness of drugs reaching market by accelerated approval is needed.
Rationale and processes of residential buyout programs: A review on buyout regulations and consequences in Japan and the U.S.
Authors: Ghezelloo Yegane , Kondo Tamiyo , Maly Elizabeth , Stanley Michelle , Meyer Michelle
Published: March 2023

Government acquisition of residential land has played a growing role in the reconstruction of housing in safer places and reduction of water‐related risks. This paper explores how the rationales and processes of residential buyouts may result in different consequences for coastal recovery, mitigation, and residents' wellbeing referring to government documents and existing literature, we explored the characteristics of buyout programs in Japan and the U.S., identified consequences of mitigation and recovery, and deduced the effects of community buyouts. Our study revealed buyout programs could reduce risk exposure, enhance sustainable and resilient coastal rewilding, housing recovery, and building of community resilience. However, they could also contribute to limiting homeowners' opportunities to make their own choices to stay or relocate, the distribution of residents into unfamiliar communities, creation of checkerboard patterns of acquired properties, and un‐utilized vast vacant lands. These results suggest that planners and disaster managers need careful consideration to redesign and manage property acquisition programs that not only increase regional resilience, but also are equitable for affected residents and utilization of acquired lands.
Evolution of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a Novel CoCrFeNi2(TiSi)0.7 Eutectic High‐Entropy Alloys under Different Annealing Conditions
Authors: Zhang Lingkun , Huang Rui , Amar Abdukadir , Chen Xiaohu , Ren Zheng , He Tao , Lu Yiping
Published: March 2023

Eutectic high‐entropy alloys (EHEAs), with good castability, compositional homogeneity, and outstanding properties, are becoming hotpots in materials field. It is worth noting that most reported EHEAs are based on expensive and high density of metal elements, such as Hf, Zr, Ta, Nb, W, and Pd, which increase the overall cost and quality. Herein, by selecting the cost‐effective and low‐density of Ti and Si as eutectic forming elements, a novel CoCrFeNi2(TiSi)0.7 EHEA with face‐centered‐cubic (FCC) + M16Ti6Si7‐type silicide is designed and prepared. The evolution of microstructure and mechanical properties is investigated under different annealing conditions. The CoCrFeNi2(TiSi)0.7 EHEA shows excellent high‐temperature mechanical properties. At 800 °C, the as‐cast and annealed samples do not fracture under a compressive strain exceeding 50%. In particular, a long period of high‐temperature annealing dramatically increases the high‐temperature yield strength from 510 to 703 MPa, which exceeds that of most reported EHEAs and some refractory high‐entropy alloys.
Sustained‐Drug‐Release, Strong, and Anti‐Swelling Water‐Lipid Biphasic Hydrogels Prepared via Digital Light Processing 3D Printing for Protection against Osteoarthritis: Demonstration in a Porcine Model
Authors: Ding Guocheng , He Yangyang , Shi Yuanyuan , Maimaitimin Maihemuti , Zhang Xin , Huang Hongjie , Huang Wei , Yu Ran , Wang Jianquan
Published: March 2023

Osteoarthritis is a serious disease affecting joint cartilage. Owing to poor blood supply, the meniscus and acetabular labrum of joints heal poorly after injury. However, the development of artificial alternatives to these components that have similar mechanical properties and cartilage‐protection ability is challenging. In this study, a strong hydrogel with a biomimetic microstructure is prepared with an emulsion‐type photosensitive resin, where both hydrophilic and hydrophobic monomers, photo‐initiator, and drugs can be adopted. In this system, the hydrophobic monomer forms uniformly dispersed aggregates after curing, improving the mechanical properties of the hydrogel significantly. Furthermore, the coordination bonds between nontoxic Zr4+ cations and sulfonic acid groups prevent hydrogel swelling. In addition, the water–oil biphasic hydrogel ink enables the loading of water‐ and lipid‐soluble drugs, yielding hydrogel scaffolds with sustained dual‐drug release ability. Crucially, hydrogel scaffolds having excellent mechanical properties, low swelling, and sustained biphasic drug release ability can be prepared using digital light processing 3D printing technology, owing to the high curing rate of the hydrophobic photo‐initiator. These hydrogel scaffolds are applied as meniscal and labral replacements in a porcine model and show great promise for the prevention of secondary osteoarthritis, demonstrating the broad potential clinical applications of this material.
Recent Advancements on Self‐Immolative System Based on Dynamic Covalent Bonds for Delivering Heterogeneous Payloads
Authors: Wang Qingbing , Serda Maciej , Li Quan , Sun Tao
Published: March 2023

The precisely spatial‐temporal delivery of heterogeneous payloads from a single system with the same pulse is in great demand in realizing versatile and synergistic functions. Very few molecular architectures can satisfy the strict requirements of dual‐release translated from single triggers, while the self‐immolative systems based on dynamic covalent bonds represent the “state‐of‐art” of ultimate solution strategy. Embedding heterogeneous payloads symmetrically onto the self‐immolative backbone with dynamic covalent bonds as the trigger, can respond to the quasi‐bio‐orthogonal hallmarks which are higher at the disease's microenvironment to simultaneously yield the heterogeneous payloads (drug A/drug B or drug/reporter). In this review, the modular design principles are concentrated to illustrate the rules in tailoring useful structures, then the rational applications are enumerated on the aspects of drug codelivery and visualized drug‐delivery. This review, hopefully, can give the general readers a comprehensive understanding of the self‐immolative systems based on dynamic covalent bonds for delivering heterogeneous payloads.
Disulfide‐Bridged Dendritic Organosilicas‐Based Biodegradable Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Multiple Targeting and pH/Redox‐Responsive Drug Release toward Chemical/Photodynamic Synergistic Tumor Therapy
Authors: Liu Shiwei , Han Shuang , Song Yuzhuo , Sun Ruonan , Zhao Le , Yan Chen
Published: March 2023

In this study, a sialic acid (SA) and transferrin (TF) imprinted biodegradable disulfide bridging organosilicas‐based drug delivery system (SS‐DMONS/DOX‐Ce6@MIPs) for targeted cancer therapy is constructed, for the first time. Disulfide bridged dendritic mesoporous organosilicas nanoparticles (SS‐DMONs) not only enhance drug loading as the drug repository, but also provide enough specific surface area for the molecular imprinting shell to expose more degradation and imprinted sites on the surface. In addition, SS can be disturbed in a highly reducing tumor microenvironment to achieve degradation. The biodegradable imprinting film, prepared with customized 2‐amino‐N‐(3,4‐dihydroxyphenethyl)‐3‐mercaptopropanamide and 4‐mercaptophenylboronic acid as functional monomers, endows SS‐DMONs with active targeting capacity, and responsive drug release through degradation under acidic and highly reductive tumor microenvironment. SS‐DMONS/DOX‐Ce6@MIPs after binding of TF can target tumor cells actively through multiple interactions, including the affinity between antigen and antibody, and the specific recognition between molecularly imprinted polymers and template molecules. Under laser irradiation the loaded chlorin e6 (Ce6) that can produce toxic reactive oxygen, combined with the doxorubicin (DOX), achieves chemical/photodynamic synergistic anticancer effects. SS‐DMONS/DOX‐Ce6@MIPs present excellent tumor targeting and dual‐responsive drug release, which provides an effective strategy for chemical/photodynamic antitumor therapy.
Sequential Dual‐Biofactor Release from the Scaffold of Mesoporous HA Microspheres and PLGA Matrix for Boosting Endogenous Bone Regeneration
Authors: Wei Jiawei , Xia Xue , Xiao Shiqi , Jin Shue , Zou Qin , Zuo Yi , Li Yubao , Li Jidong
Published: March 2023

The combined design of scaffold structure and multi‐biological factors is a prominent strategy to promote bone regeneration. Herein, a composite scaffold of mesoporous hydroxyapatite (HA) microspheres loaded with the bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP‐2) and a poly(DL‐lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) matrix is constructed by 3D printing. Furthermore, the chemokine stromal cell‐derived factor‐1α (SDF‐1α) is adsorbed on a scaffold surface to achieve the sequential release of the dual‐biofactors. The results indicate that the rapid release of SDF‐1α chemokine on the scaffold surface effectively recruits bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to the target defect area, whereas the long‐term sustained release of BMP‐2 from the HA microspheres in the degradable PLGA matrix successfully triggers the osteogenic differentiation in the recruited BMSCs, significantly promoting bone regeneration and reconstruction. In addition, these structures/biofactors specially combining scaffold exhibit significantly better biological performance than that of other combined scaffolds, including the bare HA/PLGA scaffold, the scaffold loaded with SDF‐1α or BMP‐2 biofactor alone, and the scaffold with surface SDF‐1α and BMP‐2 dual‐biofactors. The utilization of mesoporous HA, the assembly method, and sequential release of the two biofactors in the 3D printed composite scaffold present a new method for future design of high‐performance bone repairing scaffolds.
Pillararene‐Based Supramolecular Polymers for Adsorption and Separation
Authors: Wang Zhuo‐Qin , Wang Xin , Yang Ying‐Wei
Published: March 2023

Supramolecular polymers have attracted increasing attention in recent years due to their perfect combination of supramolecular chemistry and traditional polymer chemistry. The design and synthesis of macrocycles have driven the rapid development of supramolecular chemistry and polymer science. Pillar[n]arenes, a new generation of macrocyclic compounds possessing unique pillar‐shaped structures, nano‐sized cavities, multi‐functionalized groups, and excellent host–guest complexation abilities, are promising candidates to construct supramolecular polymer materials with enhanced properties and functionalities. This review summarizes recent progress in the design and synthesis of pillararene‐based supramolecular polymers (PSPs) and illustrates their diverse applications as adsorption and separation materials. All performances are evaluated and analyzed in terms of efficiency, selectivity, and recyclability. Typically, PSPs can be categorized into three typical types according to their topologies, including linear, cross‐linked, and hybrid structures. The advances made in the area of functional supramolecular polymeric adsorbents formed by new pillararene derivatives are also described in detail. Finally, the remaining challenges and future perspectives of PSPs for separation‐based materials science are discussed. This review will inspire researchers in different fields and stimulate creative designs of supramolecular polymeric materials based on pillararenes and other macrocycles for effective adsorption and separation of a variety of targets.
An Ultra‐Thin, Ultra‐High Capacitance Density Tantalum Capacitor for 3D Packaging
Authors: Zhao Jiping , Xu Youlong , Hou Wenqiang , Li Yizhuo , Ding Xiangdong
Published: March 2023

Although embedded capacitors have been applied and researched for many years, their large‐scale application still faces challenges such as low capacitance density, high thickness, high cost, and incompatibility with integrated processes. In this work, a breakthrough has been made in the fabrication of ultra‐thin tantalum (Ta) capacitors with ultra‐high capacitance density that can be used for 3D packaging. The key to these excellent performances is the application of Ta foil with nano‐porous structure to the anode of the capacitor. The Ta foil with high specific surface area (SSA) is successfully prepared by direct current pulse etching. At a current density of 15 mA cm−2, a pulse frequency of 50 Hz, and a duty cycle of 30%, the SSA of Ta foil is increased by 76 times after etching in an electrolyte with 0.01 v% TOA for 30 min. Based on this, Ta capacitors with a form factor of less than 40 µm, showing a capacitance density of 750 nF mm−2 and a leakage current of less than 2.1 × 10−7 A at 8 V is successfully fabricated. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the highest capacitance density reported to date for the mentioned form factors.
Efficacy of using sunflower meal as an ingredient, and partial fishmeal‐replacer, in practical feed formulated for stinging catfish (Heteropneustes fossilis)
Authors: Hossain Anamika , Hossain Md. Amzad , Rasul Md. Golam , Akter Taslima , Zaman Md. Farid Uz , Islam Md. Rabiul
Published: March 2023

This study was conducted to determine the growth performance, body composition, and haematological profile of Heteropneustes fossilis in response to the replacement of fish meal (FM) by sunflower meal (SFM). The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and three replications. The fish (initial average body weight of 2.42 ± 0.01 g) were reared in 15 glass aquaria (40 fish/aquarium) with a 150‐L water capacity. Five isoproteic (35%) diets were prepared by replacing FM protein with SFM protein at a rate of 0% (T0), 10% (T10), 20% (T20), 30% (T30), and 40% (T40). Fish were fed with experimental diet twice a day (9.00 and 16.00), 7 days a week for 8 weeks. Fish were sampled at the end of the experimental period of 8 weeks. At the end of the rearing period, the highest weight gain (6.25 ± 0.11g), % weight gain (163.32%), and specific growth rate (1.61 ± 0.03%/day) were observed in the control (T0) treatment, but the difference was not significant (p > 0.05) with T10 and T20 treatments. However, all the growth factors were decreased with the further inclusion level of SFM in replacement of FM, and the lowest growth performance was observed in T40 treatment. The protein efficiency ratio (PER) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) followed the same pattern as the growth parameters. It was found that the whole‐body proximate composition of fish was also affected significantly (p < 0.05). Haematological parameters significantly (P < 0.05) altered at 30% and 40% levels of replacement of FM with SFM. Based on these results, it can be concluded that 20% FM protein can be substituted with SFM protein in the diet of H. fossilis without compromising growth performance, feed utilization, chemical composition, and haematological status. However, according to polynomial regression analysis, the optimum level of replacement of FM protein with SFM protein was determined to be 14.3% in the diet of H. fossilis.
Diversity, distribution, and conservation of the Trichoptera and their habitats in north‐eastern Algeria
Authors: Boucenna Hayat , Satour Abdellatif , Hezil Wissem , Taferghoust Meriem , Samraoui Farrah , Samraoui Boudjéma
Published: March 2023

Community patterns are generated by multiple processes and constraints generated at different spatial and temporal scales.

A large‐scale study was carried out on the Trichoptera of four Algerian regions with contrasting climates, vegetation cover, and human pressures.

Overall, 22 identified taxa were recorded, including nine families and 14 genera. The genus Hydropsyche was represented by eight species, with Hydropsyche maroccana and Hydropsyche lobata being the most abundant species.

With one exception, localities in the subhumid Collo and the high‐altitude Batna were the most species rich, whereas localities in the semi‐arid Oum el Bouaghi were the most species poor.

Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) separated the caddisflies recorded into four assemblages organized by a set of constraining environmental factors (land use, altitude, water depth, helophyte cover, and flow velocity gradients) acting at different scales.

As inadequate knowledge of insect biodiversity is a major limitation to their conservation, this article discusses how these results might help predict caddisfly communities in adjacent regions and enhance conservation efforts.
Effect of the metallicity of the intergalactic medium in the Lyman‐α forest correlation function
Authors: Muñoz‐Gutiérrez Andrea , de la Macorra Axel
Published: March 2023

The Lyman‐α (Lyα) forest allows to constraint cosmological parameters at redshifts above using the technique of standard rulers determined by baryon acoustic oscillations. This makes it an important tracer for the study of the universe at high redshift. For this work, several synthetic datasets have been generated to understand the astrophysical effects and contaminants that contribute to the shape of the Lyα flux correlation function, and to be able to reproduce the correlation function measured with data spectra from different galaxy surveys (extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey and Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument). Among these phenomena the presence of metals in the intergalactic medium translate into an important bias in the flux correlation function with respect to the flux correlation function calculated considering an only Hydrogen in the intergalactic medium. In this work we study the influence of the metallicity in the Lyα flux correlation function, simulating the presence of four Silicon transitions in synthetic spectra developed in preparation for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument and compared with the data obtained in the 14th data release of the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey. These results were used for the analysis of the 16th data release of the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey, and are currently being used for the analysis of the first data release of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument survey.
Effect of prenatal stress and extremely low‐frequency electromagnetic fields on anxiety‐like behavior in female rats: With an emphasis on prefrontal cortex and hippocampus
Authors: Hosseini Ehsan , Kianifard Davoud
Published: March 2023

Objective

Prenatal stress (PS) is a problematic situation resulting in psychological implications such as social anxiety. Ubiquitous extremely low‐frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF‐EMF) have been confirmed as a potential physiological stressor; however, useful neuroregenerative effect of these types of electromagnetic fields has also frequently been reported. The aim of the present study was to survey the interaction of PS and ELF‐EMF on anxiety‐like behavior.

Method

A total of 24 female rats 40 days of age were distributed into four groups of 6 rats each: control, stress (their mothers were exposed to stress), EMF (their mothers underwent to ELF‐EMF), and EMF/stress (their mothers concurrently underwent to stress and ELF‐EMF). The rats were assayed using elevated plus‐maze and open field tests.

Results

Expressions of the hippocampus GAP‐43, BDNF, and caspase‐3 (cas‐3) were detected by immunohistochemistry in Cornu Ammonis 1 (CA1) and dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC). Anxiety‐like behavior increased in all treatment groups. Rats in the EMF/stress group presented more serious anxiety‐like behavior. In all treatment groups, upregulated expression of cas‐3 was seen in PFC, DG, and CA1 and downregulated expression of BDNF and GAP‐43 was seen in PFC and DG and the CA1. Histomorphological study showed vast neurodegenerative changes in the hippocampus and PFC.

Conclusion

The results showed ,female rats that underwent PS or/and EMF exhibited critical anxiety‐like behavior and this process may be attributed to neurodegeneration in PFC and DG of the hippocampus and possibly decreased synaptic plasticity so‐called areas.
Antifungal γ‐Pyrone and Isoprenylated Cyclohexanoids from the Fungus Beenakia informis
Authors: Rincón Yuliet A. , Siless Gastón E. , D'Jonsiles Fernanda , Dansey Virginia , Grassi Emanuel , Schenone Nahuel , Cabrera Gabriela M.
Published: March 2023

Chemical investigation of the extract of the macroscopic fungus Beenakia informis led to the isolation of a previously unreported γ‐pyrone and two new isoprenylated cyclohexanoids, together with speciocin N. Their structures were elucidated spectroscopically and the absolute configuration was determined by comparison of the experimental vs. calculated ECD curves. Three of the compounds showed very good to moderate activity against phytopathogenic fungi.
COVID‐19‐associated AMPA‐R and CRMP‐5 autoimmune encephalitis in a patient with thymoma and myasthenia gravis
Authors: Raynowska Jenelle , Wu Victoria , Kazer Max , LaBuzetta Jamie Nicole , Ferrey Dominic , Dunn‐Pirio Anastasie
Published: March 2023

Thymomas are associated with autoimmune disease, most commonly myasthenia gravis, and rarely with autoimmune encephalitis. More recently, viral triggers including COVID‐19 have also been implicated in autoimmunity. We present a case of antibody‐positive autoimmune encephalitis that developed in the setting of COVID‐19 in a patient with thymomatous myasthenia gravis.
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis syndrome (HLH) associated with acute pancreatitis: A case report
Authors: Mechi Ahmed Mohamad , Al‐Khalidi Alhan Abbas , Hasan Thulfiqar Azeez
Published: March 2023

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis syndrome is fatal hyper‐inflammatory condition due to over‐activation of the immune system, being of primary and secondary types. This case report emphasizes the difficulty and challenge in and of the HLH diagnosis, and therapy should be employed promptly given the high mortality associated with HLH.
C21orf2 variants causing inherited retinal disease: A review of what we know and a report of two new suspected cases
Authors: Shinbashi Meagan , Jewell Ann , Randolph Jessica , Couser Natario
Published: March 2023

Variants in the C21orf2 (CFAP410) gene have recently been associated with the development of retinitis pigmentosa, an inherited condition characterized by degeneration of the retina. In this article, we describe 34 previously reported cases of C21orf2 variant‐associated retinopathies and present two new suspected cases.
Catalytic Nucleophilic and Electrophilic Functionalization of Dihydroquinoxalin‐2‐ones
Authors: Rostoll‐Berenguer Jaume , Blay Gonzalo , Pedro José R. , Vila Carlos
Published: March 2023

Financial support from grant PID2020‐116944GB funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe” and CIAICO/2021/147 funded by Conselleria d'Innovació, Universitat, Ciència i Societat Digital is acknowledged. J.R.‐B. thanks the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades for a FPU predoctoral contract (FPU17/00688). C.V. thanks the RyC contract (RYC‐2016‐20187) funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “European Union NextGeneration EU/PRTR”. Access to NMR, MS, and X‐ray facilities from the Servei Central de Suport a la Investigació Experimental (SCSIE)‐UV is also acknowledged.
Association between major discrimination and deficit accumulation in African American cancer survivors: The Detroit Research on Cancer Survivors Study
Authors: Mandelblatt Jeanne S. , Ruterbusch Julie J. , Thompson Hayley S. , Zhou Xingtao , Bethea Traci N. , Adams‐Campbell Lucile , Purrington Kristen , Schwartz Ann G.
Published: March 2023

Background

Discrimination can adversely affect health and accelerate aging, but little is known about these relationships in cancer survivors. This study examines associations of discrimination and aging among self‐identified African American survivors.

Methods

A population‐based sample of 2232 survivors 20–79 years old at diagnosis were enrolled within 5 years of breast (n = 787), colorectal (n = 227), lung (n = 223), or prostate (n = 995) cancer between 2017 and 2022. Surveys were completed post‐active therapy. A deficit accumulation index measured aging‐related disease and function (score range, 0–1, where <0.20 is robust, 0.20 to <0.35 is pre‐frail, and 0.35+ is frail; 0.06 is a large clinically meaningful difference). The discrimination scale assessed ever experiencing major discrimination and seven types of events (score, 0–7). Linear regression tested the association of discrimination and deficit accumulation, controlling for age, time from diagnosis, cancer type, stage and therapy, and sociodemographic variables.

Results

Survivors were an average of 62 years old (SD, 9.6), 63.2% reported ever experiencing major discrimination, with an average of 2.4 (SD, 1.7) types of discrimination events. Only 24.4% had deficit accumulation scores considered robust (mean score, 0.30 [SD, 0.13]). Among those who reported ever experiencing major discrimination, survivors with four to seven types of discrimination events (vs. 0–1) had a large, clinically meaningful increase in adjusted deficits (0.062, p < .001) and this pattern was consistent across cancer types.

Conclusion

African American cancer survivors have high deficit accumulated index scores, and experiences of major discrimination were positively associated with these deficits. Future studies are needed to understand the intersectionality between aging, discrimination, and cancer survivorship among diverse populations.
Adsorption‐Assisted Redox Center in Porous Organic Frameworks for Boosting Lithium Storage
Authors: Xie Huanyu , Li Pai , Xie Shuai , Jin Hongchang , Jin Song , Kong Xianghua , Li Zhenyu , Ji Hengxing
Published: March 2023

Due to the designable structure and capacity, organic materials are promising candidates for lithium‐ion batteries. Herein, we report a novel type of porous organic frameworks (POFs) based on the coupling reaction of diazonium salt as the anodes for lithium ion storage. The active center containing an azo group and the adjacent lithium‐philic adsorption site is constructed to investigate the electrochemical behaviors and reaction mechanism. As synthesized POF material (named as POF‐AN) exhibits high reversible lithium storage capacities of 523 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 and 445 mAh g−1 at 2.0 A g−1 after 1500 cycles, showing excellent cycle stability and rate performance. The detailed characterizations reveal that the azo group can act as an electrochemical active site that reversibly bonds with Li‐ions, and the adjacent oxygen atoms can electrostatically adsorb with Li‐ions to promote the lithium storage reaction. This adsorption‐assisted three‐atom redox center is beneficial to synergistically enhance the adsorption and intercalation of lithium ions, which can further improve the capacity and cycle stability. By replacing the precursor, it is also facile to synthesize more similar structure types. The reversible redox chemistry of the adsorption‐assisted three‐atom active center provides new opportunities for the development of long lifespan and high‐rate organic anodes.
Leading through visibility
Authors: Freebairn‐Smith Laura
Published: March 2023

In case you'd like to look back, in the first nine columns of “Management Matters,” I have covered: