bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-Case-Studie zu Barrieren und förderlichen Faktoren der digitalen Kompetenz von Patienten – Ein interdisziplinärer Ansatz
Authors: Kählig Maren , Susky Marcel , Hickmann Emily , Grummt Sophia , Richter Daniela , Richter Peggy , Weidner Jens , Sedlmayr Martin , Seim Anne
Published: December 2023

Die rasanten Fortschritte digitaler Technologien haben die Gesundheitsversorgung revolutioniert und dabei unter anderem die Vernetzung von Patienten, Gesundheitsdienstleistenden, Entwicklern und Forschenden in den Mittelpunkt gerückt. Um das volle Potenzial dieser Transformation auszuschöpfen, ist es von entscheidender Bedeutung, die digitalen Kompetenzen der Patienten und des medizinischen Fachpersonals zu fördern. Besonders vor dem Hintergrund des demografischen Wandels wird das Verständnis und die Anwendung digitaler Innovationen in der Gesundheitsversorgung zu einer Schlüsselaufgabe.

Unsere Forschungsarbeit konzentrierte sich daher auf eine Multi-Case-Studie im Rahmen des „Medical Informatics Hub for Saxony“, um die für die erfolgreiche Nutzung digitaler Gesundheitstechnologien benötigten digitalen Kompetenzen von Patienten zu identifizieren. Um einen strategischen Ansatz für den Aufbau dieser Fähigkeiten entwickeln zu können, untersuchten wir zudem Einflussfaktoren auf diese Kompetenzen.

Die Ergebnisse unserer Studie verdeutlichen, dass die Digitalisierung zwar bereits im Alltag der Patienten präsent ist, Bedenken hinsichtlich der Datensicherheit jedoch ein Hemmnis für die Nutzung digitaler Innovationen darstellen. Hier spielt die Kommunikation und Interaktion mit medizinischem Fachpersonal eine entscheidende Rolle, um diese Barrieren abzubauen und dem Bedürfnis nach sozialer Interaktion im Zusammenhang mit digitaler Technologie gerecht zu werden. Die Vermittlung grundlegender Soft Skills sowohl an medizinisches Personal als auch an Patienten, eine transparente Kommunikation über Datenschutzregelungen und den Zweck freiwilliger Datenspenden sowie interdisziplinäre Schulungsprogramme, die technische Anforderungen und auch soziale Aspekte berücksichtigen, sind daher von großer Bedeutung.

Unsere Studie betont die Wichtigkeit einer einfühlsamen und individuellen ärztlichen Betreuung, um Ängste und Vorbehalte auf Patientenseite abzubauen und digitale Gesundheitstechnologien effektiv einsetzen zu können. Dieser ganzheitliche Ansatz wird entscheidend dazu beitragen, die Potenziale der Digitalisierung im Gesundheitswesen voll auszuschöpfen.
Exploring multimorbidity clusters in relation to healthcare use and its impact on self-rated health among older people in India
Authors: Ansari Salmaan , Anand Abhishek , Hossain Babul
Published: December 2023

The conventional definition of multimorbidity may not address the complex treatment needs resulting from interactions between multiple conditions, impacting self-rated health (SRH). In India, there is limited research on healthcare use and SRH considering diverse disease combinations in individuals with multimorbidity. This study aims to identify multimorbidity clusters related to healthcare use and determine if it improves the self-rated health of individuals in different clusters. This study extracted information from cross-sectional data of the first wave of the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI), conducted in 2017–18. The study participants were 31,373 people aged ≥ 60 years. A total of nineteen chronic diseases were incorporated to identify the multimorbidity clusters using latent class analysis (LCA) in the study. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association between identified clusters and healthcare use. A propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was utilised to further examine the health benefit (i.e., SRH) of using healthcare in each identified cluster. LCA analysis identified five different multimorbidity clusters: relatively healthy’ (68.72%), ‘metabolic disorder (16.26%), ‘hypertension-gastrointestinal-musculoskeletal’ (9.02%), ‘hypertension-gastrointestinal’ (4.07%), ‘complex multimorbidity’ (1.92%). Older people belonging to the complex multimorbidity [aOR:7.03, 95% CI: 3.54–13.96] and hypertension-gastrointestinal-musculoskeletal [aOR:3.27, 95% CI: 2.74–3.91] clusters were more likely to use healthcare. Using the nearest neighbor matching method, results from PSM analysis demonstrated that healthcare use was significantly associated with a decline in SRH across all multimorbidity clusters. Findings from this study highlight the importance of understanding multimorbidity clusters and their implications for healthcare utilization and patient well-being. Our findings support the creation of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) focusing on a patient-centric approach to optimize multimorbidity management in older people. Additionally, finding suggest the urgency of inclusion of counseling and therapies for addressing well-being when treating patients with multimorbidity.
Addressing patients’ unmet needs related to multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) care: A qualitative research study from Pune city, India
Authors: Atre Sachin , Jagtap Jayshri , Faqih Mujtaba , Dumbare Yogita , Sawant Trupti , Ambike Sunil , Farhat Maha
Published: December 2023

Aim

We aimed to identify and describe the unmet needs of patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB).

Methods

As a part of larger cross-sectional mixed-methods (qualitative and quantitative data) study on pathways to MDR-TB care, here we present the qualitative component. We interviewed 128 (56 men and 72 women) individuals who had MDR-TB, aged > = 15 years, registered and treated under the National TB Elimination Program (NTEP) in Pune city of India. We carried out thematic analysis of participants’ narratives.

Results

We found that delays in diagnosis, lack of counseling, late referral to the NTEP and unwarranted expenditure were the main barriers to care that study participants experienced in the private sector. Provider dismissal of symptoms, non-courteous behavior, lack of hygiene in the referral centers, forced stay with other patients and lack of support for psychological/psychiatric problems were identified as a few additional challenges that participants faced at the NTEP care centers.

Conclusion

Using qualitative data from experiences of participants with MDR-TB, we identify patients’ several unmet needs, attention to which can improve MDR-TB care. Educating private providers about MDR-TB risk and available rapid molecular assays can help the timely diagnosis of MDR-TB and reduce patients’ out of pocket costs. At the RNTCP/NTEP, measures such as training health workers to build rapport with patients, maintaining hygienic environments in the health centers with adequate isolation of participants with MDR from other serious cases, referral of patients with psychiatric symptoms to mental health specialists and monitoring drug shortages can help in improving care delivery.
Comparing undergraduate research experiences before, during, and after the COVID-19 quarantine: The successful adaptation of the BUILD PODER Summer JumpStart program
Authors: Escobedo Patricia , Garcia Daniel , Cascelli Liam , Chavira Gabriela , Flores Gilberto E. , Constantine Brown Jodi L. , Boyns David , Ainsworth Andrew T.
Published: December 2023

In March 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic forced many in person undergraduate research experiences (UREs) to pivot to remote online training. To investigate how the COVID-19 quarantine disrupted student URE outcomes over time, the current study examines Building Infrastructure Leading to Diversity (BUILD) Promoting Opportunities for Diversity in Education and Research (PODER) URE outcomes across different platforms (in-person, remote, and hybrid models) by comparing student survey data from 2019 to 2021. Participants consisted of three cohorts: 2019 (n = 26 students), 2020 (n = 33), 2021 (n = 34). The BUILD PODER Summer JumpStart program (SJS), which aims to increase diversity in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) by recruiting mostly underrepresented students, was conducted in person in 2019, remotely in 2020 and using a hybrid model in 2021. All students completed an online survey on the first and last day of the four-week SJS program. We used one-way and mixed ANOVA models to analyze Cohort, Time (pre-test vs. post-test scores), and interaction of Cohort and Time for Research Self-Efficacy, Sense of Belonging, Mentor Relationship, Mentee Knowledge, Health, Stress, and Student Program Satisfaction measures. Despite the platform changes, student scores increased significantly over time for all measures. There was a significant main effect of Time for Research Self-Efficacy, Sense of Belonging, Mentor Relationship, Mentee Knowledge, Health Assessment, and Stress Management. Findings indicate that URE programs that are implemented remotely and using a hybrid format can provide students with experiences similar to in-person URE programs. In addition, remote UREs may provide added benefits compared to in-person programs. For instance, remote UREs could engage more historically minoritized students, who may experience barriers to access, such as work/family commitments, financial constraints, and geographic limitations.
Optimizing rice-fish co-culture: Investigating the impact of rice spacing density on biochemical profiles and production of genetically modified tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) and Cyprinus carpio
Authors: Inayat Muhammad , Abbas Farzana , Hafeez-ur-Rehman Muhammad , Mahmud Athar
Published: December 2023

Rice fish co-culture synergistically boosts food production, resulting in numerous advantages across the environmental, social, and financial domains. A study was conducted to investigate the effects of three different rice spacing densities, rice high density (RHD) 9inch×12inch, rice medium density (RMD) 12inch × 12inch, rice low density (RLD) 15inch×12inchon both rice and fish. Various parameters were assessed to evaluate the performance of the co-culture system, including water quality, growth parameters, muscle quality, soil characteristics, rice stem characteristics, and rice yield parameters. When comparing the species, it was observed that GMT (Genetically Male Tilapia) demonstrated superior weight gain (303.13g vs 296.41g) and specific growth rate (1.16 vs 1.15). Regarding the proximate composition, results showed that RMD had the highest crude protein and fat content compared to RLD and RHD. GMT also exhibited greater crude protein and fat content than Cyprinus carpio, with RMD showing the highest values. Treatment groups significantly influenced the amino acid profile of experimental species, with RMD exhibiting the highest values. GMT showed significantly higher levels of essential, non-essential, half-essential, and umami amino acids compared to Cyprinus carpio. The interaction between RMD and GMT further demonstrated significant differences in various amino acid categories with RMD. A non-significant difference was observed among the treatments regarding soil biochemical characteristics. Regarding the rice stem characters, the height of the plant, panicle length, and stem length of rice were found to be comparable in the RMD and RLD groups however, significantly higher in RHD. Regarding rice yield parameters, no significant differences were observed among the other treatment groups, except for yield per hectare (yield/ha), which was significantly higher in the RHD group compared to RMD and RLD. Additionally, 1000-grain weight and panicle number (ears per hill) were significantly higher in the RLD treatment than in the other treatments. In conclusion, our findings indicate that the RMD treatment consistently yielded superior results compared to RLD and RHD. Furthermore, within the rice-fish co-culture system, GMT proved to be a more competent species compared to Cyprinus carpio. The study provides data to understand the interactions between rice spacing density, fish growth and overall productivity can guide the development of sustainable and profitable rice-fish co-culture systems.
Organisation and delivery of a dedicated multidisciplinary prone ventilation team in the intensive care unit: Strategies and lessons from COVID-19
Authors: Bracegirdle Luke , Stubbs Matthew , Rahman Rezaur , Jackson Alexander I. R. , Burton-Papp Helmi C. , Chambers Robert , Gupta Sanjay , Grocott Michael P. W. , Dushianthan Ahilanandan
Published: December 2023

Background

COVID-19 placed immense strain on healthcare systems, necessitating innovative responses to the surge of critically ill patients, particularly those requiring mechanical ventilation. In this report, we detail the establishment of a dedicated critical care prone positioning team at University Hospital Southampton in response to escalating demand for prone positioning during the initial wave of the pandemic.

Methods

The formation of a prone positioning team involved meticulous planning and collaboration across disciplines to ensure safe and efficient manoeuvrers. A comprehensive training strategy, aligned with national guidelines, was implemented for approximately 550 staff members from a diverse background. We surveyed team members to gain insight to the lived experience.

Results

A total of 78 full-time team members were recruited and successfully executed over 1200 manoeuvres over an eight-week period. Our survey suggests the majority felt valued and expressed pride and willingness to participate again should the need arise.

Conclusion

The rapid establishment and deployment of a dedicated prone positioning team may have contributed to both patient care and staff well-being. We provide insight and lessons that may be of value for future respiratory pandemics. Future work should explore objective clinical outcomes and long-term sustainability of such services.
Utilizing high-resolution genetic markers to track population-level exposure of migratory birds to renewable energy development
Authors: Harrigan Ryan J. , Rajbhandary Jasmine , Bossu Christen , Sanzenbacher Peter , Dietsch Thomas , Gruppi Cristian , Katzner Todd E. , Smith Thomas B. , Ruegg Kristen
Published: December 2023

With new motivation to increase the proportion of energy demands met by zero-carbon sources, there is a greater focus on efforts to assess and mitigate the impacts of renewable energy development on sensitive ecosystems and wildlife, of which birds are of particular interest. One challenge for researchers, due in part to a lack of appropriate tools, has been estimating the effects from such development on individual breeding populations of migratory birds. To help address this, we utilize a newly developed, high-resolution genetic tagging method to rapidly identify the breeding population of origin of carcasses recovered from renewable energy facilities and combine them with maps of genetic variation across geographic space (called ‘genoscapes’) for five species of migratory birds known to be exposed to energy development, to assess the extent of population-level effects on migratory birds. We demonstrate that most avian remains collected were from the largest populations of a given species. In contrast, those remains from smaller, declining populations made up a smaller percentage of the total number of birds assayed. Results suggest that application of this genetic tagging method can successfully define population-level exposure to renewable energy development and may be a powerful tool to inform future siting and mitigation activities associated with renewable energy programs.
ADMISSION TO THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND THE FORMATION OF THE DONETSK PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC AND THE LUHANSK PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC WITHIN IT: CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL INTEGRATION
Authors: Anichkin E. S.
Published: December 2023

On the basis of the new constitutions of the DPR and LPR and federal legislation, the characteristicfeatures of the legal and institutional integration of these territories with the Russian Federation areidentified and disclosed. These features include the reflection in the new constitutions of the DPR and LPRof the socio-political situation and the transitional nature of their statehood; the specifics of the content incomparison with other subjects of the Russian Federation in matters of the organization and activities of  public authorities in the newly united territories; features of the relationship between individual federal andrepublican state authorities proper
Evaluation of hemagglutination inhibition test for canine respiratory coronavirus antibodies and seroprevalence in Korean dogs
Authors: Hyeon Lee-Sang , Yang Dong-Kun , Park Yu-Ri , Lee Hye Jeong , Kim Ha-Hyun , Hyun Bang-Hun
Published: December 2023

Canine respiratory coronavirus (CRCoV) is a significant pathogen that causes respiratory diseases in dogs, collectively known as a canine infectious respiratory disease. The virus is highly contagious and exhibits high seroprevalence worldwide. Currently, bovine coronavirus (BCoV) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits are used to detect CRCoV antibodies. However, BCoV-ELISA kits cannot differentiate between infections caused by BCoV and those caused by CRCoV. In this study, we evaluated the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test for CRCoV by comparing it with the virus neutralization (VN) test. Subsequently, we evaluated the seroprevalence of CRCoV in 383 dog serum samples collected from South Korea utilizing the HI test. The HI test for CRCoV showed a strong correlation with the VN test (R = 0.83, p < 0.001). The analysis of seroprevalence revealed that 52.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 47.2%–57.1%) of the Korean dog serum samples were positive. The seroprevalence exhibited varied with age, with a positivity rate of 43.9% in dogs under 1 year of age and 66.7% in dogs aged 3 to 5 years (odds ratio [OR], 2.54; 95% CI, 1.43–4.59). In conclusion, the HI test to monitor CRCoV antibody proved to be closely related to the VN test. Furthermore, over half of the dogs in Korea tested positive for CRCoV antibodies. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the sero-epidemiology of CRCoV.
The Role of Javanese Women in Domestic and Public Spheres: Challenges, Trade Motives, and Parenting Practices
Authors: Herlambang Saifuddin , Suratman Bayu , Kadir Naffati Abdel
Published: December 2023

Purpose –  This study aims to explore the dual role of Javanese women who engage in trade at traditional markets and their role as mothers in parenting practices.
Design/methods/approach – Employing qualitative research with an ethnographic approach, this study gathered primary data from interviews with Javanese women traders at the Karangawen traditional market, who have children aged 0–8 years. Data collection methods included semi-structured interviews, observations, and documentation. This was followed by a descriptive analysis of the findings.
Findings – The study identifies three main motives for Javanese women trading in traditional markets: self-actualization, economic needs, and the pursuit of independence. Additionally, the study reveals various aspects of parenting practices among Javanese women. These include practices such as bancaan weton lair, weton lair fasting, and infant massage.
Research implications/limitations – The research is constrained to a descriptive analysis, focusing on a limited data set regarding the roles of Javanese women as traders in the public sphere and as mothers in the domestic sphere.
Practical implications – The study highlights the dual role of rural women, who are active in both the public sphere (through trading) and the domestic sphere (through parenting). This dual engagement reflects the multifaceted nature of their daily lives.
Originality/value – The study underscores how culture, economy, and social environment shape parenting practices among Javanese women.
Paper type Research paper
Development of the Construction of City Buses in Terms of Reducing the Curb Weight of the Vehicle
Authors: Caban Jacek , Seńko Jarosław , Nowak Radosław , Rumianek Przemysław , Podkowski Krzysztof , Wolska Natalia
Published: December 2023

Modern city buses are made of various construction materials and the share of material groups has changed over the decades. By replacing heavy materials for structural elements or bus components with their lighter counterparts, the kerb weight of the bus can be reduced by up to several hundred kilograms. This article presents the issues of the development of city bus design in terms of passenger space comfort and bus structure in the context of reducing the vehicle's own weight since the 1970s. The main changes in vehicle design allowing for reducing the weight of structural elements of bodies and chassis as well as the main assemblies in city buses are presented as well as research on body types in terms of aerodynamics, safety and travel comfort. It has been shown that reducing the weight of the bus does not negatively affect its load capacity and the new bus designs are equipped with safety and comfort systems, including ABS (Anti-lock Braking System), ASR (Automatic Stability Regulation), ESP (Electronic Stability Program) and air conditioning in the passenger space. Thanks to modern light construction materials, we gain the opportunity to improve safety and comfort without losing the transport capabilities developed as a result of the development of city buses over the years.
IMPLEMENTASI PUSAT PEMBELAJARAN KELUARGA (PUSPAGA) DALAM MEREALISASIKAN LINGKUNGAN RAMAH PEREMPUAN DAN PEDULI ANAK KABUPATEN NAGAN RAYA
Authors: Fitriati Cut Annisa , Safrida Safrida , Pratama Agus , Marefanda Nodi
Published: December 2023

The increase in cases of violence against women and children in Nagan Raya Regency over the past few years has led to a mission to establish a women-friendly and child-caring environment through various efforts. One of them is through the implementation of the Family Learning Center Program (PUSPAGA) as a forum for the prevention and resolution of cases that occur within the family. This study uses a qualitative method by collecting data on PUSPAGA at the district and village levels, which aims to see the obstacles and barriers to implementation that occur in the field. The results of the study show that implementation constraints lie in the aspects of insufficient budget and human resources, lack of promotion of program introduction to the community and overlapping responsibilities of the village PUSPAGA implementers. Follow-up on these obstacles can be resolved through determining the right priority management by the district and village PUSPAGA implementers in optimizing program implementation.
Reduction of surface defects by optimization of casting speed using genetic programming: An industrial case study
Authors: Kovacic M. , Zuperl U. , Gusel L. , Brezocnik M.
Published: December 2023

Štore Steel Ltd. produces more than 200 different types of steel with a continuous caster installed in 2016. Several defects, mostly related to thermomechanical behaviour in the mould, originate from the continuous casting process. The same casting speed of 1.6 m/min was used for all steel grades. In May 2023, a project was launched to adjust the casting speed according to the casting temperature. This adjustment included the steel grades with the highest number of surface defects and different carbon content: 16MnCrS5, C22, 30MnVS5, and 46MnVS5. For every 10 °C deviation from the prescribed casting temperature, the speed was changed by 0.02 m/min. During the 2-month period, the ratio of rolled bars with detected surface defects (inspected by an automatic control line) decreased for the mentioned steel grades. The decreases were from 11.27 % to 7.93 %, from 12.73 % to 4.11 %, from 16.28 % to 13.40 %, and from 25.52 % to 16.99 % for 16MnCrS5, C22, 30MnVS5, and 46MnVS5, respectively. Based on the collected chemical composition and casting parameters from these two months, models were obtained using linear regression and genetic programming. These models predict the ratio of rolled bars with detected surface defects and the length of detected surface defects. According to the modelling results, the ratio of rolled bars with detected surface defects and the length of detected surface defects could be minimally reduced by 14 % and 189 %, respectively, using casting speed adjustments. A similar result was achieved from July to November 2023 by adjusting the casting speed for the other 27 types of steel. The same was predicted with the already obtained models. Genetic programming outperformed linear regression.
Value-based framing in Russian propaganda on the example of the war against Ukraine and its consequences
Authors: Nykonchuk Mykyta
Published: December 2023

The paper discusses the issue of Russian propaganda and common value’s place in it. According to theoretical framework, the article is focused on framing in Kremlin’s rhetoric as a whole, since Kremlin is controlling the media. Value manipulation in 20st century is briefly discussed and follows by analysis of Kremlin rhetoric is on the example of the war in Ukraine, defining a number of value-based frames used to shape the public opinion and examining them. The paper also addresses the possible consequences of such rhetoric and the analysis leads to the conclusion that Russia are appealing to common values in its propaganda and is hereby threatening these values both domestically and internationally, and hiding unlawful nature of its politics.
Relacje Unii Europejskiej z Kubą w latach 2008–2022 – aspekt demokratyzacji
Authors: Adamiszyn-Kontek Aleksandra
Published: December 2023

Polityka zewnętrzna Unii Europejskiej stanowi przedmiot badań wielu autorów. W poniższym artykule ukazane zostały relacje pomiędzy Kubą a Unią Europejską w aspekcie demokratyzacji. Artykuł przedstawia również sytuację polityczną Kuby, aby w następnym etapie dokonać prezentacji kształtowania się stosunków pomiędzy tym państwem a jedną z kluczowych organizacji międzynarodowych. Czynnikami determinującymi relacje pomiędzy nimi są: brak umowy bilateralnej, długoletnie rządy Fidela Castro, jak również jego śmierć, która spowodowała zmiany w społeczeństwie. Tym samym niniejszy artykuł przedstawia zarówno analizę zapisów kluczowego aktu prawnego – Umowy o dialogu politycznym i współpracy, jak również ewolucję relacji wybranych podmiotów w perspektywie ostatnich 14 lat.
Review and analysis of empirical articles published in TESOL Quarterly over its lifespan
Authors: Riazi A. Mehdi , Ghanbar Hessameddin , Marefat Fahimeh , Fazel Ismaeil
Published: December 2023

We report the results of a bibliometric study of 696 empirical articles (EAs) published in TESOL Quarterly (TQ) over its lifespan (1967-2019). We report overall and periodic reviews (1967-1979, 1980-1989, 1990-1999, 2000-2009, 2010-2019) concerning the following themes: (1) contexts and participants, (2) research foci and theoretical orientations, and (3) research methodology and data sources. A typical article was written by a single author addressing a learning/teaching English issue related to undergraduates in US universities. The most common research foci were instruction, learning, and assessment. A quarter of the articles did not have a specifiable theoretical orientation, and for those that had, the main theoretical orientations were linguistic/scientific, linguistic/cognitive, and social. The most frequently used research methodologies were quantitative, qualitative, and eclectic, and the top three data sources used by researchers were elicitation, multiple sources, and observation. Based on the findings, we make suggestions for future research in TESOL. Overall, the present review and analysis of published EAs give readers a birds-eye view of the research gravity in TQ over the last 52 years.
Reviewers for Volume 13/2023
Authors: SSLLT
Published: December 2023

Reviewers for Volume 13/2023
Standard „poszanowania godności istoty ludzkiej” w dobie współczesnej dyplomacji. Dylematy i wyzwania związane z brakiem definicji legalnej
Authors: Michalska-Sieniawska Dorota
Published: December 2023

Poszanowanie godności człowieka, według aktów normatywnych, stanowiących podstawy systemów ochrony praw człowieka, jest gwarancją utrzymania pokoju na świecie. Skonkretyzowanie zakresu znaczeniowego tego standardu staje się bardziej niezbędne w rozstrzyganiu konfliktów międzynarodowych niż obrońcy praw człowieka mogli to sobie wyobrazić zanim nadszedł XXI wiek. Żaden z ww. aktów nie zawiera definicji „przyrodzonej godności istoty ludzkiej”. Stanowi ona pojęcie zbyt otwarte i stanowiące pole do zbyt rozbieżnych interpretacji ze względu na różnice kulturowe pomiędzy poszczególnymi regionami świata. Zatem dla utrzymania pokoju na świecie powinno ono stać się zasadą – normą, synonimem konkretnego dobra prawnie chronionego, a jego definicja powinna stanowić podstawę zuniwersalizowanej doktryny.
Interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein for optimal immunometabolic profiling of the lifestyle-related cardiorenal risk
Authors: Marchiori Georgina Noel , Defagó María Daniela , Baraquet María Lucía , Del Rosso Sebastián , Perovic Nilda Raquel , Soria Elio Andrés
Published: December 2023

Objectives

The present study aimed to identify optimal inflammatory biomarkers involved in cardiorenal risk in response to major lifestyle factors.

Methods

One hundred and twenty-nine adults aged 35–77 years participated voluntarily from 2017 to 2019 (Córdoba, Argentina) in a cross-sectional study to collect sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle data. Blood biomarkers (different cytokines, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 [MCP-1], and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP]) were measured using standard methods and then evaluated by principal component analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) according to Mediterranean diet adherence, physical activity level, and waist circumference, while cardiorenal risk involved blood diastolic pressure, HDL-cholesterol, triacylglycerols, creatinine, and glycosylated hemoglobin.

Results

A principal component included TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-alpha), IL-8 (interleukin-8), IL-6 (interleukin-6), hs-CRP, and MCP-1, with absolute rotated factor loadings >0.10. SEM showed that IL-6 (β=0.38, 95 % IC=0.08–0.68), hs-CRP (β=0.33, 95 % IC=0.17–0.48), and TNF-α (β=0.22, 95 % IC=0.11–0.32) were the mediators that better explained an inflammatory profile positively related to waist circumference (β=0.77, 95 % IC=0.61–0.94). Moreover, this profile was associated with an increased cardiorenal risk (β=0.78, 95 % IC=0.61–0.94), which was well-defined by the variable used.

Conclusions

Immune mediators are key elements in profiling the cardiorenal risk associated with lifestyle factors, for which the combination of hs-CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α has emerged as a robust indicator. This work reaffirms the need for biomarker optimization for early diagnosis and risk assessment.
Pre-collisional architecture of the European distal margin: Inferences from the high-pressure continental units of central Corsica (France)
Authors: Di Rosa Maria , Frassi Chiara , Marroni Michele , Pandolfi Luca , Malasoma Alessandro , Meneghini Francesca
Published: December 2023

The Lower Units of Alpine Corsica, France, are fragments of continental crust strongly deformed and metamorphosed under high-pressure metamorphic conditions. Three slices of Lower Units are well exposed in the area between the Asco and Tavignano valleys, Central Corsica. Despite their complex structural setting, they provide the opportunity for a reconstruction of the pristine stratigraphic setting of the Lower Units. In our reconstruction, these units consist of a Paleozoic basement topped by Triassic to Early Jurassic sedimentary rocks unconformably covered by Middle to Late Eocene foredeep deposits. However, the three units exposed in the study area display strong differences mainly in the thickness of the Mesozoic sequence. These differences are here interpreted as acquired during the first stage of the rifting process in a setting controlled by normal faults. During the collision-related tectonics and the accretion of the Lower Units to the Alpine orogenic wedge, these normal faults were probably reactivated with a reverse kinematics. The stratigraphic logs of the Lower Units strictly resemble those of the Pre-Piedmont Units from Western Alps. This similarity indicates a common origin of the Lower Units and the Pre-Piedmont Units from the same domain (i.e., the European distal continental margin).
Active surveillance for low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm (LAMN)
Authors: Mouawad Christian , Bardier Armelle , Wagner Mathilde , Doat Solène , Djelil Dahbia , Fawaz Jade , Pocard Marc
Published: December 2023

Objectives

Due to the scarcity of low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm (LAMN), there is an absence of systematized guidelines concerning its management, especially after incidental finding on an appendiceal specimen. In this study, we evaluate the active surveillance (AS) strategy adopted for a series of patients diagnosed with LAMN on resection specimens who were considered to have a low risk of pseudomyxoma progression.

Methods

Thirty patients were included between April 2014 and July 2021, with a female majority and a median follow-up period of 3.1 years. The inclusion criteria were as follows: LAMN diagnosis on appendiceal specimens, confirmed in an expert center, limited extra-appendiceal mucin resected and localized around the appendix, normal biology (CEA, CA199, CA125) and normal abdominopelvic MRI. AS included physical exam (trocar scar), biology and MRI, 6 months postoperatively, then yearly for 10 years.

Results

As an initial surgery, 77 % had an appendectomy as their initial intervention, 17 % had a cecectomy, and 6 % had a right colectomy. After follow-up, 87 % of patients showed no sign of disease progression by MRI, while 13 % progressed to PMP. MRI performed in the first postoperative year predicted the disease prognosis in 97 % of patients.

Conclusions

The AS strategy, based on MRI, is a valid option after incidental LAMN diagnosis.
Nutzungsdatenbasierte Produktionsplanung
Authors: Riesener Michael , Brecher Christian , Schuh Günther , Schmitz Seth , Neus Stephan , Neumann Henning , Biernat Benedikt , Engelberth Leon
Published: December 2023

Der hohe Verbrauch von Primärressourcen trägt einen signifikanten Teil zur globalen Klimaerwärmung sowie zu steigenden Material- und Teilekosten bei und kann durch die Einführung einer Kreislaufwirtschaft reduziert werden. In diesem Beitrag wird am Beispiel eines elektrifizierten Lenksystems ein Konzept zur Industrialisierung von Kreislaufwirtschaftsstrategien unter der Berücksichtigung der bisherigen Nutzung und des daraus resultierenden Verschleißzustands vorgestellt.
Auf Digitalen Zwillingen basiertes Life Cycle Assessment
Authors: Elsner Juliane , Gabriel Alexander , Ackermann Thomas , Körkemeyer Jan , Schmitt Robert H.
Published: December 2023

Um die ökologischen Auswirkungen von ressourceneffizienteren Konzepten wie dem Remanufacturing zu quantifizieren, werden Life Cycle Assessments (LCA) verwendet. Der Use Case „Batterie-Remanufacturing“ zeigt den Bedarf für eine primärdatengetriebene Ökobilanzierung durch reale Produktionsdaten auf. Im Lösungskonzept ordnen Traceability-Systeme Daten produktspezifisch zu. Der Digitale Zwilling verknüpft diese entlang des Lebenszyklus und unterstützt Entscheidungen zum Second-Life des Produkts.
Intelligente Produktionsplanung in der Lebensmittelbranche
Authors: Knitter Laura , Tschirner Jan , Jagusch Konrad , Kummer Hannes , Sender Jan
Published: December 2023

Eine ungenügende Produktionsplanung in der Lebensmittelbranche führt zu hohen Verschwendungen. Um dies zu verhindern, wird ein intelligenter Vorhersagealgorithmus entwickelt, welcher die Bedarfe anhand von Informationen aus einem Kassensystem vorhersagen kann. Es können weitere Parameter integriert werden, um so die Vorhersagegenauigkeit gegenüber klassischen Methoden zu erhöhen. Eine Implementierung auf einer Plattform zwischen Kunde und Lieferant minimiert den Kommunikationsaufwand.
Entwicklung datenbasierter Lead-Scoring-Modelle
Authors: Gebhardt Marcel
Published: December 2023

Lead Scoring umfasst die Bewertung und Priorisierung potenzieller Kunden. Zu diesem Zweck wird versucht, die individuelle Kaufwahrscheinlichkeit im Sales Funnel vorherzusagen. Dieser Schritt stellt eine der wichtigsten Aufgaben im Vertriebsprozess dar. Vor diesem Hintergrund stellt der Beitrag ein praxisorientiertes Vorgehen vor, mit dem es gelingt, datenbasierte Lead-Scoring-Modelle zu Ableitung evidenzbasierter Entscheidungen zu entwickeln.
Verwaltungsschalenbasierte Datenräume
Authors: Adler Rasmus , Kuhn Thomas , Schnicke Frank
Published: December 2023

Der Austausch von Unternehmensdaten ist eine wichtige Grundlage, um fragile Lieferketten in resiliente und nachhaltige Wertschöpfungsnetzwerke zu transformieren. Im Rahmen dieser Transformation werden die Verfügbarkeit von Daten und die Fähigkeit, diese zu nutzen, die lukrativsten Geschäftsmodelle der Zukunft prägen. Intelligente Systeme können die Daten nutzen, um autonome Entscheidungen bezüglich der Wandlung von Produktionssystemen zu treffen oder Empfehlungen zu geben. Damit diese Transformation gelingt, werden für die notwendigen Entwicklungen verwaltungsschalenbasierte Datenräume benötigt.
T-shaped antler axes in Lithuania : previously unrevealed Middle Holocene hunter-gatherer technology
Authors: Rimkus Tomas , Butrimas Adomas , Lübke Harald , Meadows John
Published: December 2023

This paper discusses one of the most characteristic hunter-gatherer osseous implements — the
T-shaped antler axe. These are made from red deer (Cervus elaphus) antler beam by removing the
trez tine and creating a perforation for a shaft in its place. This type of axe is quite widely known
in the Late Mesolithic and Early Neolithic contexts of northern, western and central Europe. Until
now, T-shaped antler axes have been only sporadically mentioned in research on Lithuanian
prehistory. Ten T-axes are currently known from eight find locations, concentrated in western and
southern Lithuania. These axes were mainly discovered as single finds during wetland drainage or
peat extraction. Only two excavated sites contained T-axes in settlement refuse layers. This paper
provides details of the find circumstances and technological features of all ten axes, as well as the
results of AMS 14C dating. The dating suggests that this technology had already spread among
hunter-gatherers in the territory of Lithuania as early as the second half of the 6th millennium,
and continued at least until the transition to the 4th millennium cal BC.
Plants in the artefacts not used for their original purpose. A remarkable case from the Lazdininkai (Kalnalaukis) cemetery in western Lithuania
Authors: Bliujienė Audronė , Kisielienė Dalia , Peseckas Kęstutis , Šapolaitė Justina , Ežerinskis Žilvinas , Schopper Franz , Minkevičius Karolis
Published: December 2023

This article investigates tinned bronze ornaments found in two graves of the Lazdininkai-Kalnalaukis
cemetery dated to the end of the 2nd century to the first quarter of the 3rd century AD
from the perspective of archaeological materials, intercultural contacts, 14C AMS dating, and
chemical-physical and biological research. These ornaments — a wheel-shaped pendant and a
bead — were originally parts of fashionable necklaces. However, these ornaments went into the
graves as spinning tools. The wheel-shaped pendant from grave 8(1992) contains the first ever
found, or at least officially recorded, use in Lithuania of an aquatic plant for a spinning tool bobbin.
The piece of possible linden tree wood was used to compose the spinning tool bobbin found
in grave 68(2001). These spinning tools are the first to have appeared in Lithuanian archaeological
material from as early as the end of the 2nd century to the first quarter of the 3rd century. In
addition, both spinning tools are unique in the Lithuanian archaeological record so far in that
the copper alloy spindle whorls were used to compose both working tools. The closest analogues
for the wheel-shaped pendant are known from the Wielbark culture and this example should be
considered as an import from that cultural area. Copper alloy beads and various local derivatives,
however, are numerous in the range of the Baltic cultures area. The copper alloy wheel-shaped
spindle whorls from the Migration period cemeteries are the spinning tools created for the specific
purpose of spinning which were produced locally, even possibly in the same workshops.
Mapping Varied Mental Representations: The case of Representing Illegalized Immigrants
Authors: Martinez Joel E. , Todorov Alexander
Published: December 2023

Average images are often estimated within a sample or theory-derived variables (e.g., conservatives vs. liberals) to understand how social categories are mentally represented. However, average representations can mask large internal heterogeneity, thereby missing unexpected or complex representational clustering. We propose an inverted data-driven approach that first clusters representations by similarity, then identifies variables that differentiate clusters. We apply this approach to characterize mental representations of illegalized immigrants. Representations were collected in Texas and California (N = 1002) using face-based reverse correlation along with variables theorized to influence perceptions of immigrants: attitudes, demographics, ideologies, geography, and a label manipulation (i.e., “undocumented” vs. “illegal” immigrant). Sample- and variable-aggregated images hid representational clusters that differed on visualized facial phenotype and affective expressions. Clustered representations ranged from highly shared to smaller clusters differentiated by demography and social geography: age and local population size perceptions. Data-driven approaches can help reveal meaningful variation in visual representations.
Introducing the Special Series
Authors: Bronfman Alejandra , Zuazu María Edurne
Published: December 2023

How do sound, militarism, and ecologies relate to each other? Mindful of Jim Sykes’s criticism of a tendency in sound studies scholarship to attend to the most spectacular aspects of “wartime sound and listening,” we are particularly invested in contributions decentering “war” or, rather, showing how it is already dispersed through militarized ecologies. We seek to remain mindful of the profoundly uneven asymmetries that mark the workings, experience, spatializations, and life-and-death gradations and permutations of militarized ecologies. We do not conceive of “militarized ecologies” as a thing, as an already constituted field of inquiry or current topic, or as a discrete set of sites and sounds that can be archived, but as an invitation to consider how these auralities and terrains have come to distinguish themselves and in turn prompt proliferating interpretive gestures. How is sound central to these processes? The keywords auralities, incorporations, and terrains are not postulates but prompts, each of them registering a degree of irresolution while opening, in their juxtaposition, what we hope is room for critical vacillation.
Collateral Noise
Authors: Zuazu María Edurne
Published: December 2023

Since 1951, Navarre’s Bardenas have housed a military firing range. Instituted during General Franco’s dictatorship, the US Air Force (USAF) took control of the range in 1970, transforming it into Europe’s largest combat training ground. NATO and the Spanish Air Force continue to make use of the range today. “Collateral” is the term the USAF uses to designate the noise of firing range-related jet activities. And yet, the Bardenas range has been primarily known, felt, and suffered as noise by and within populations and terrains brought forth as collateral, in part, by that very noise. This article scrutinizes the “collateral” and the “noise” as a way to trace a relational history, accounting for USAF noise’s excesses and its embodied experience in the Bardenas during the last years of Francoism and the democratic transition, and for Bardenas noise as implicated in and forwarding larger militarized ecologies. It proposes to understand collateral noise as a materialization of and a means for militarized imperialisms’ prevarications with the sensory realm, territories, and knowledge. And it argues that collateral noise is one of the ways in which “imperial formations” become audible and do so, specifically, in the seizure of acoustic extraterritorialities and that it is at the same time a way in which these seek to secrete themselves.
„Ich wollte ans Meer, immer ans Meer“. Zum Bild des Meeres in Ilma Rakusas „Mehr Meer“
Authors: Weinberg Manfred
Published: December 2023

Der Aufsatz fragt nach der Bedeutung des Meeres in Ilma Rakusas „Erinnerungspassagen“ Mehr Meer (unter Heranziehung der zehn Jahre später erschienenen Sammlung Mein Alphabet). Obwohl es zunächst naheliegend erscheint, das Meer bei Rakusa als unfassbar Erhabenes im Sinne Immanuel Kants zu verstehen, zeigt sich bei näherem Zusehen, dass es bei Rakusa stets fassbar bleibt, es immer um ein konkretes und anschaubares Meer geht. Dies aber steht als Versprechen auf eine unerreichbare Einheit und Ganzheit, deren Anzeichen sich ebenso im poetischen Erinnern zeigen.
Determination of Environmental Ethics Approaches of Urban and Regional Planning Students
Authors: Altanlar Aslı , Aktuğlu Aktan Esin Özlem , Çolpan Erkan Nilgün
Published: December 2023

Urban planners who are environmentally conscious and aware will take action to take responsibility, inform, and control. Raising environmental awareness is essential in urban planning education to understand environmental problems. Therefore, it is necessary to educate urban planning students on environmental ethics.
This study investigates the environmental attitudes and behaviors of urban and regional planning students, who will shape the environment in the future within the context of the value-belief-norm theory. Moreover, to find clues that will shape environmental education in the course curriculum. The study included 226 students from the Department of Urban and Regional Planning in the Faculty of Architecture of Yıldız Technical University (YTU) and Amasya University (AU). Questionnaire data has been evaluated using principal components analysis, correlation analysis, T-test, and ANOVA analysis. According to the study findings, urban planning students have adopted biocentric, ecocentric, and anthropocentric value orientations. The study has found that students with ecocentric value orientation tend to show more pro-environmental behavior.
The study concludes that the student’s characteristics also affect how they show pro-environmental behavior and evaluate environmental policies. In conclusion, focusing on ecocentric approaches in urban planning education can positively affect adopting pro-environmental behavior and policies. Additionally, study findings show that students with relatively better economic conditions are more inclined to have a biocentric value orientation. Based on the literature and these study findings, pro-environmental behavior is not a single-dimensional structure caused only by individuals' personal and professional characteristics. People's environmental attitudes and behaviors are shaped by their upbringing, school, friends, and culture. It shows that pro-environmental behavior has a multi-dimensional complex structure, and a conceptual framework can provide guidance to explain these kinds of behavior.