bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Il significato di centralità. Tecniche di densificazione dello spazio costruito
Authors: Strina Paolo
Published: June 2024

il presente articolo indaga il termine centralità urbana, una delle parole chiave della ricerca Spinner 2013 Progettare il costruito: nuovi modelli a qualità integrata per la città compatta, in corso dal 2012. L’architettura si è spesso confrontata col significato di centralità urbana interpretandolo a seconda delle dinamiche evolutive che, via via, hanno guidato le scelte progettuali di sviluppo urbano. Il termine centralità è da intendersi nell'accezione di tipologia architettonica ma in primis nell'accezione simbolica di effetto comunitario, aggregativo e, in conclusione, di luogo. Essa si concretizza in un sistema insediativo complesso che conforma uno spazio di tipo centrifugo e allo stesso tempo centripeto, introverso e estroverso, capace di custodire in se la memoria del contesto di appartenenza da cui ha attinto i propri caratteri formali e, al contempo, costruire una memoria identitaria della comunità che lo abita e che lo abiterà.
Forma Orbis. Il campo di fondazione dell’architettura
Authors: Palma Riccardo
Published: June 2024

La Forma Orbis è concepita qui come la rappresentazione cartografica della superficie della Terra che rende operante un “Campo di fondazione” per l’architettura. In questo Campo è rappresentato il “divenire” tra le figure della Terra e le figure dell’architettura. Sulla base di questi assunti, il contributo esplora la differenza tra Suolo e Campo e analizza la crisi del ruolo della tipologia per il progetto urbano all’interno dell’opera di Piranesi. Il contributo si conclude leggendo la fondazione di Roma sia come uno degli eventi più arcaici nella storia della città occidentale, sia come uno dei problemi più attuali per la fondazione della città contemporanea.
La dispositio informale della "Soft Machine"
Authors: Mical Thomas
Published: June 2024

Questo saggio affronta i termini concettuali e le conseguenze di una forma “soft” di dispositio vitruviana come possibilità attuale della relazione tra architettura e città. La tendenza verso il “morbido” e l'informale nell'architettura e nel progetto urbano genera nuove modulazioni concettuali del tessuto urbano. I processi sociali di assemblage di componenti corrispondono oggi ad un avanzamento, in cui una dispositio “soft” ordina le mutevoli fasi/spazi della vita urbana e sostituisce la precedente logica modernista astratta delle macchine, dello spazio striato e del determinismo funzionale.
Smart City: utopia o realtà? Comprendere l’evoluzione per comprendere la trasformazione
Authors: Boulanger Saveria Olga Murlelle
Published: June 2024

Il termine Smart City nasce come risposta ad alcuni problemi concreti che la città del XXI secolo si trova ad affrontare: aumento della popolazione, dell’inurbamento, cambiamento climatico. La città del XX secolo si è sviluppata in maniera deregolata, senza considerare quanto il “bene Terra” fosse limitato e come il suo ecosistema fragile. E’ all’interno di questo clima che il concetto di città “intelligente” nasce e si sviluppa. Lo studio si pone l’obiettivo di studiare il fenomeno partendo dall’analisi delle sue origini e dall’evoluzione storica che lo ha prodotto.
Torres Blancas
Authors: Lopez Pelaez Jose Manuel
Published: June 2024

Nella Madrid degli anni sessanta l’architetto navarro Sáenz de Oíza sperimenta la costruzione di un edificio residenziale a torre in cemento armato. Risultato della felice relazione con un imprenditore mecenate, Juan Huarte, l’edificio si articola nella variazione tipologica di alloggi ad L e duplex, di locali per uffici e servizi, fino agli spazi ad uso comune, come la piscina e il ristorante della terrazza sul tetto, per proporsi come modello di piccola città autosufficiente.
Analogie, trasposizioni, montaggi: la costruzione di un'identità
Authors: Bertini Viola
Published: June 2024

Che Hassan Fathy lavori sulla tradizione è cosa nota. Ciò che lo scritto indaga è il metodo, provando a chiarire in quale modo l’architetto egiziano operi su un sistema di elementi e relazioni già codificate. Sono quindi messe in luce le principali tecniche compositive attraverso cui Fathy costruisce il proprio linguaggio, ponendosi in continuità con la storia e, al tempo stesso, dando vita ad architetture nuove, ma capaci di esprimere un forte carattere identitario.
Note sul carattere degli edifici
Authors: Gallucci Pierpaolo
Published: June 2024

Disegnando, l’architetto lascia la propria mano diventare parte di quel movimento collettivo che nel corso della storia procede a definire le forme. Da singoli manufatti come l’isolato costruito da Aldo Rossi in Schützenstrasse a Berlino nel 1992, oppure accostando architetture razionali progettate e realizzate in uno stesso luogo, come nel caso di Napoli qui esaminato, forse si può trarre che ricercare il carattere significa ricercare l’identità dell’oggetto, architettura e città, che l’architetto investiga.
Un altro tipo di ordine. Frank O. Gehry e il progetto di un grande edificio urbano a Berlino
Authors: Margiotta Lorenzo
Published: June 2024

L’opera di Frank O. Gehry dà la possibilità di incontrare un ricco universo di tecniche compositive alternative rispetto a quelle di cui si avvalgono la maggior parte degli architetti del ‘900. L’architetto californiano, con la sua dimensione ironica, caricaturale, anti-classica, racconta di un modo alternativo di presentare nella città l’oggetto architettonico e di intendere “l’appropriata collocazione delle cose” e la “scelta dell’effetto dell’opera”, come testimonia il grande edificio urbano costruito a Berlino, in uno dei luoghi più importanti della storia europea.
Bernard Rudofsky. Imparare dagli "altri"
Authors: Rossi Ugo
Published: June 2024

L’attività di Bernard Rudofsky delinea la figura di un architetto che costruisce una visione complessa e ricca dell’Abitare nel mondo moderno, attraverso l’esperienza del viaggio, della curiosità e del gioco. Un architetto che si accosta criticamente a culture diverse per strutturare un’esperienza progettuale e didattica centrata sul confronto e la scoperta. Professore, designer, architetto, curatore di mostre, in ogni differente occasione ha saputo insegnare e imparare dagli altri.
Il corpo della scuola
Authors: Attia Sandy , Weyland Beate
Published: June 2024

Questo saggio propone di svolgere un ragionamento sul concetto di scuola come corpo. Una metafora affascinante che guida nella riflessione sulla dimensione fisica, tattile, intimamente sensibile dell’edificio scolastico e di tutti i suoi materiali. Specchio dell’innovazione della relazione tra insegnante-allievo e sapere, il corpo si collega direttamente a come la scuola incarna l’approccio pedagogico e gli spazi (l’architettura) dell’edificio. Come il corpo, la scuola ha la capacità di esprimersi con la sua statura, la sua presenza. Si propone l’impiego della metafora della scuola come un corpo, catturando alcune declinazioni fisiche ed espressive degli edifici scolastici (dalla sua ossatura, al suo metabolismo, alla sua empatia, per non parlare di quanto il corpo assorbe e reagisce con tutti i cinque sensi) in modo da costruire un ponte tra pedagogia e architettura lontano dal lessico consolidato tra tutte e due le discipline.
Osservazione e distrazione. Alberto Cruz nella Scuola di Valparaiso
Authors: Alfieri Massimo
Published: June 2024

La Ciudad Abierta di Ritoque in Cile fondata nel 1970 è strettamente connessa con la Facoltà di Architettura della PUCV di Valparaíso. Nella realizzazione delle opere costruite in questa “città” è stata sperimentata una pedagogia di approccio e costruzione dell’architettura che continua a mantenere la sua validità ed il suo fascino a distanza di molti anni. Gli insegnamenti dei fondatori di questa scuola costituiscono ancora una provocazione per tutti coloro che si interessano di architettura e che la praticano. In particolare la figura di Alberto Cruz Covarrubias, scomparso di recente, appare capace ancora di stimolare attraverso i suoi scritti ed i suoi disegni l’immaginazione e la creatività, conformemente al ciò in cui credeva: “in fondo l’unica cosa che può fare un professore davanti ai suoi alunni è dare un esempio”.
“Oltre lo spettacolo". Prove ed errori di riqualificazione alla Bolognina
Authors: Manella Gabriele
Published: June 2024

In quest’articolo si considerano due casi di riqualificazione urbana a Bologna: la Nuova Sede Unica del Comune ed il centro commerciale Officine Minganti. Entrambi nascono dal progetto di costituire nuove centralità nella Bolognina, ex quartiere operaio, ricorrendo anche ad elementi architettonici e di marketing che richiamano la dimensione della spettacolarizzazione. Entrambi hanno mostrato molte problematiche, alcune quali risolte ed altre tuttora in corso, soprattutto per le Officine Minganti. L’articolo si basa su: analisi bibliografica, consultazione di documenti amministrativi consultazione di siti web, interviste a testimoni privilegiati e osservazione diretta dei due insediamenti.
Resilience in Post-Secondary Students: The Role of Academic Advisor Support
Authors: Gray Andrea R. , Bumgardaner Samantha , Hall Ashley , Young-Jones Adena D. , Yadon Carly A.
Published: June 2024

Resilience serves as a powerful protective factor against a range of negative physical and psychological health outcomes and has much value for college students who are vulnerable to an increased number of stressors. Thus, universities should explore ways to aid students in building resilience, particularly through academic advising. In this study, we hypothesized that increased levels of perceived advisor support would predict increased levels of resilience. Regression analyses demonstrated that perceived advisor support significantly predicted resilience, surpassing the influence of psychological distress. Additionally, a bivariate correlation analysis identified vital aspects of the advisor-advisee relationship that may encourage resiliency. We discuss implications and strategies academic advisors may implement to facilitate a positive advisor-advisee relationship and build resiliency in their students.
Keeping the Academic in Advising: Where Academic Advising Belongs in the Collegiate Structure
Authors: White Eric R.
Published: June 2024

Where should academic advising be housed within a college or university organizational structure? To assure that the academic is emphasized in academic advising, the most logical and appropriate location is within the academic structure of the institution, which means being placed as close as possible to the faculty and the curriculum. This approach allows academic advisors to engage in teaching, research, and community service just as their faculty colleagues do. Having academic advisors teach (in their offices and in classrooms), engage in research advancing the literature of academic advising, work with faculty to enhance curriculum when necessary, and develop policies and procedures that might enhance student success will move forward the professionalization of the field.
Micro Management
Authors: Corning Anne
Published: June 2024

After a slow start, MicroLED displays are finding their way into more consumer tech. But testing the quality of this emerging technology requires ever more powerful metrology tools, says Radiant Vision Systems.
Identification Localization and Gathering of Pepper Based on Depth Camera and Inverse Kinematics
Authors: Liu Tianhong , Zhang Zechen , Liu Sixing , Miao Hong , Chai Yan , Li Shuang
Published: June 2024

Highlights

The spatial coordinate position of peppers is obtained by YOLOv5 algorithm fused with localization technique.

The inverse kinematics for gathering arm is solved by disassembly and Euler-angle method.

Pentadic polynomials are applied to realize the motion planning and control of robotic arm.

The proposed method achieves an average gathering success rate about 60%.

Abstract. To avoid mutation and interference with intelligent gathering, an autonomous gathering method is proposed in this paper. An improved YOLOv5 target detection algorithm is used to recognize peppers. The kinematics solution of the robotic arm is realized by using the disassembly method and the Euler-angle method. Simulating and modeling robotic arms is conducted by the Robotic Toolbox in Matlab. The robotic arm's spatial motion planning is controlled by the pentadic polynomial interpolation method. The feasibility of the inverse solution and planning is verified in Matlab. Different conditions’ gathering experiments are conducted on the gathering platform. Experiments show that this method is smooth and interference-free, with a high gathering success rate, realizing the accurate gathering of single, small fruits in complex environments. Keywords: Robot gathering, Robotic arm inverse kinematics, Target detection, Trajectory planning
Efficient geological point cloud registration method combining dimension reduction and feature points
Authors: Mo Site , Yin Nan , Liu Xing , Li Xin , Ma Juan , Zhang Mingzhi , Li Bixiong , Wang Haoxin , Dai Honghe
Published: June 2024

In geological scene registration with laser-scanned point cloud data, traditional algorithms often face reduced precision and efficiency due to extensive data volume and scope, which increase complexity and computational demands. This study introduces, to our knowledge, a novel registration method to address these limitations. Through dimension reduction that integrates height and curvature data, this approach converts point clouds into images, streamlining feature extraction. Log-variance enhancement mitigates information loss from dimensionality reduction, aiding in coarse registration. Further, incorporating weighted distances of feature points into the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm improves precision in point matching. Experiments indicate an average threefold increase in initial registration efficiency compared to traditional coarse registration algorithms, with improvements in accuracy. The optimized ICP algorithm achieves 50% and 15% accuracy improvements across various datasets, enhancing large-scale geological point cloud data registration.
Circularly polarized beam-scanning leaky wave antenna based on a slow-wave substrate integrated waveguide
Authors: Yin Jia-Yuan , Li Peng-Ye , Deng Jing-Ya
Published: June 2024

A circularly polarized (CP) beam-scanning leaky wave antenna (LWA) based on a slow-wave substrate integrated waveguide (SW-SIW) is presented in this paper. The SW effect is realized by introducing a spoof surface plasmon polariton (SSPP), excited by periodic etched 45° tilted slots on the top metallic layer of an SIW. With extra delta modulation, the electromagnetic waves radiate through the etched slots and scan continuously from a backward to forward direction as the frequency changes. Taking advantage of the tilted slots and relative displacement between the upper and lower slots, the direction of the electric field of the radiated waves and phase difference between them are adjustable, making a CP characteristic available. Both the simulated and measured results show the proposed LWA exhibits good performance. The total scanning angle reaches 70°, and the average gain is 8.9 dBi from 9.5 GHz to 11.7 GHz. The CP characteristic is verified through the axial ratio of less than 3 during the operating frequency range. A simple structure, compact size, and good performance make the proposed design promising for a compact wireless communication system.
Femtosecond nonlinear optical properties of Ti-doped In2Te3 thin films grown by magnetron co-sputtering
Authors: Song Xiaoxiao , Wei Shenjin , Zhang Tengfei , Li Yaopeng , Zhang Xintong , Zhang Shubo , Wang Junhua , Hu Ertao , Wen Zhong , Li Jing
Published: June 2024

Herein, we successfully prepared Ti-doped In2Te3 and pure In2Te3 films by magnetron co-sputtering at room temperature. The film structure was measured using x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), while the linear optical constant of the films was measured using a spectroscopic ellipsometer (SE). The nonlinear optical properties of the films were examined using the Z-scan technique, wherein the samples were irradiated with 140 fs laser pulses at a wavelength of 800 nm and a repetition rate of 80 MHz, with an input intensity of 1.2GW/cm2. Ti incorporation led to decreased crystallinity and a reduction (redshift) in the optical bandgap (E
g
). All films exhibit reverse saturation absorption (RSA) and self-focusing effect. A ninefold increase in the nonlinear refractive index (n2) and a fourfold increase in the nonlinear absorption coefficient (β) were observed for the Ti-doped S40 sample in comparison to the pure S0 sample. Adjusting the phase transition between amorphous and crystalline states in Ti-doped In2Te3 films further modulated their nonlinear optical properties. The optical limiting (OL) behavior of pure In2Te3 and Ti-doped In2Te3 thin films was investigated, and the results demonstrated that Ti-doped In2Te3 films show great promise as optical limiter devices in nonlinear photonics.
Six-state modulation method for improving the accuracy of fiber optic gyroscopes by reducing electrical crosstalk
Authors: Zhang Tong , Sang Fengjiang , Wang Yuxiao , Yang Leijing
Published: June 2024

Reducing the influence of electrical crosstalk is crucial for the development of fiber optic gyroscopes. We present a six-state modulation method that takes advantage of highly flexible modulation voltages to eliminate the correlation between the modulation voltage with a fixed phase delay and the demodulation sequence. Theoretical analysis indicates that our approach can eliminate the impact of crosstalk with a fixed phase delay at any modulation depth. Experimental measurements demonstrate that compared to the conventional four-state modulation method, the zero bias is reduced by about 0.3319°/h at the modulation depth of π/2 when our method is applied. Additionally, at the depths of π/2, 2π/3, and 7π/8, the bias instability is reduced by approximately 30%, and the angular random walk (ARW) is reduced by over 60%. The results confirm its effectiveness in decreasing electrical crosstalk, which holds profound implications for enhancing the accuracy of fiber optic gyroscopes.
Simulation of various tuning methods in autofocals using a virtual reality headset
Authors: Hosp Benedikt W. , Sauer Yannick , Severitt Björn , Agarwala Rajat , Wahl Siegfried
Published: June 2024

This study evaluates tuning methods for autofocal glasses using VR to address presbyopia. Autofocals dynamically adjust optical power, promising a more natural visual experience than traditional lenses. We compared manual, gaze-based, and vergence methods in a VR setup, measuring performance and usability through psychophysical tasks and NASA TLX surveys. Results from 21 participants show gaze control excels in precision, manual control provides stability, and vergence control is less effective. The findings guide the selection of tuning methods based on task requirements and user preferences, highlighting the balance between precision and ease of use.
Three-dimensional vascular graph construction from depth information of blood vessel centerlines in optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors: Okamoto Takayuki , Okamura Hiroki , Iwase Takehito , Niizawa Tomohiro , Kawamata Yuto , Yokouchi Hirotaka , Baba Takayuki , Haneishi Hideaki
Published: June 2024

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a noninvasive imaging technique for visualizing high-resolution volumetric vascular networks. Although OCTA has been widely employed in vascular network analysis, most studies have been limited to the analysis of two-dimensional (2D) en-face projection images because leveraging the full potential of OCTA’s three-dimensional (3D) information has been challenging due to projection artifacts beneath blood vessels. In this study, we propose a semi-automatic method for constructing a 3D vascular graph from 3D OCTA images without relying on data-driven learning strategies such as deep learning. The proposed method estimates the depth information of blood vessel centerlines in 2D en-face images and constructs a 3D vascular graph by integrating the depth estimation results for all vessel centerline segments. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method through experiments conducted on both simulated datasets and real datasets acquired from the dorsal dermis of mice.
Single-pixel compressive imaging via single photon counting
Authors: Li Lili , Thomas Matthew , Kumar Santosh , Huang Yu-Ping
Published: June 2024

Single-pixel compressive imaging reconstructs a target scene with many pixels by using a single-pixel detector to measure the power variations as small sequences of sampling patterns are applied. While it boasts remarkable capabilities, its practical applications remain a challenge in the photon-starved regime where signal-to-noise is low. To address this challenge, we propose to combine quantum parametric mode sorting (QPMS) and deep neural networks (DNN) to overcome low signal-to-noise for faithful image construction. We benchmark our approach in a telecom-LiDAR system against that using direct photon counting detection. Our results show that with only 25 sampling patterns (corresponding compression ratio ∼0.043%), QPMS plus DNN give structural similarity index measure and peak signal-to-noise ratio on average above 22 dB and 0.9, respectively, much higher than those with direct detection (DD). The details of our targets from QPMS are more clearly compared with from DD. Notably, such high performance is sustained even in the presence of 500 times stronger in-band background noise, while DD fails. The high efficiency and robust noise rejection promise potential applications in various fields, especially in photon-starving scenarios.
Logistic PCA explains differences between genome-scale metabolic models in terms of metabolic pathways
Authors: Zehetner Leopold , Széliová Diana , Kraus Barbara , Hernandez Bort Juan A. , Zanghellini Jürgen
Published: June 2024

Genome-scale metabolic models (GSMMs) offer a holistic view of biochemical reaction networks, enabling in-depth analyses of metabolism across species and tissues in multiple conditions. However, comparing GSMMs Against each other poses challenges as current dimensionality reduction algorithms or clustering methods lack mechanistic interpretability, and often rely on subjective assumptions. Here, we propose a new approach utilizing logisitic principal component analysis (LPCA) that efficiently clusters GSMMs while singling out mechanistic differences in terms of reactions and pathways that drive the categorization. We applied LPCA to multiple diverse datasets, including GSMMs of 222 Escherichia-strains, 343 budding yeasts (Saccharomycotina), 80 human tissues, and 2943 Firmicutes strains. Our findings demonstrate LPCA’s effectiveness in preserving microbial phylogenetic relationships and discerning human tissue-specific metabolic profiles, exhibiting comparable performance to traditional methods like t-distributed stochastic neighborhood embedding (t-SNE) and Jaccard coefficients. Moreover, the subsystems and associated reactions identified by LPCA align with existing knowledge, underscoring its reliability in dissecting GSMMs and uncovering the underlying drivers of separation.
Investigation of COVID-19 transmission during the first community outbreak in a remote island population, Falkland Islands, April to June 2022
Authors: Wynne Alice , Bale Thomas , Edwards Rebecca , Wright Natalie , Manley Petra
Published: June 2024

After 2 years of no community outbreaks of COVID-19, the Falkland Islands (FI) reported their first community case in April 2022. Because of high vaccine coverage (88% of entire population), no specific control measures were instigated, and cases spread rapidly. We undertook a retrospective cohort study to determine the extent of transmission and the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine in a population with limited natural immunity. We extracted data on age, sex, and vulnerability for the FI registered population from a patient information system and linked to COVID-19 case line-list and vaccination datasets. Cases were individuals with positive SARS-CoV-2 PCRs or Lateral Flow Devices (LFDs), from 26 April to 30 June 2022. Univariable analyses compared case risk factors to non-cases. Relative vaccine effectiveness was calculated using Poisson regression with robust error variance, comparing against individuals with vaccination more than the 20 weeks prior to the outbreak. Models were adjusted for age, sex, extreme vulnerability, and previous infection. Of the 3,343 registered population, 44% (n = 1,467) were cases, with no COVID-19 hospitalisations or deaths. In univariable analysis, being female (RR 1.12, p = 0.004) and under 18 years (RR 1.70, p<0.001) were associated with increased COVID-19 risk. Relative vaccine effectiveness was 39.0% (95% CI, 1.03 to 62.5) and 33.0% (95% CI, 8.3 to 51.0) 1 to 9 weeks after receiving 2nd and 1st boosters respectively. We showed widespread transmission in a small island population with limited natural immunity, disproportionately affecting children and women, indicative of transmission in educational and household settings. Despite limited natural immunity, our findings suggested that vaccination was effective protecting against severe disease and booster doses provided additional short-term protection against infection. We would recommend optimizing coverage with boosters of vaccine in remote island populations such as FI. Follow-up would be needed to assess duration of protection after booster vaccination.
Effects of differences in femoral anteversion and hip flexion angle on hip abductor muscles activity during clam exercise in females
Authors: Mitomo Sho , Aizawa Junya , Hirohata Kenji , Ohmi Takehiro , Ohji Shunsuke , Furuya Hidetaka , Kawasaki Tomoko , Sakai Yayoi , Yagishita Kazuyoshi , Okawa Atsushi
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to determine differences in the hip abductor muscle activity during clam exercise at different hip flexion and femoral anteversion angles. Thirty healthy females were divided into two groups based on the femoral anteversion angle: the excessive femoral anteversion group and the normal group. Clam exercise was performed at three different hip flexion angles (60°, 45°, and 30°). Tensor fascia latae, gluteus medius, and superior portion of gluteus maximus activities were measured during the exercise, and the results were normalized to the activity during maximum voluntary isometric contraction to calculate the gluteal-to-tensor fascia latae muscle activation index. The superior portion of gluteus maximus activities at a hip flexion of 60° and 45° were greater than that at 30°. The excessive femoral anteversion group had a lower gluteal-to-tensor fascia latae muscle activation index than the normal group; the gluteal-to-tensor fascia latae muscle activation index for hip flexion at 60° was higher than that at 45°, and the gluteal-to-tensor fascia latae muscle activation index for hip flexion at 60° and 45° were higher than that at 30°. Therefore, the femoral anteversion angle and hip joint position were related to the activity of the hip abductor muscles during clam exercise. These findings may provide a rationale for instructing exercises to maximize the activity of the hip abductor muscles in individuals with an excessive femoral anteversion angle.
The risk for subsequent primary lung cancer after cervical carcinoma: A quantitative analysis based on 864,627 cases
Authors: Gong Sheng , Li Gang , Li Dan , Liu Yu , Wu Banggui
Published: June 2024

Purpose

To compare the risk of developing subsequent primary lung cancer among cervical cancer patients and the general population.

Methods

Several databases were searched from inception to April 25, 2023. The standard incidence ratios (SIRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were combined to identify the risk for second primary lung cancer after cervical carcinoma. Subgroup analyses based on the follow-up period, age, degree of malignancy and source of SIR were conducted. All the statistical analyses were performed with STATA 15.0 software.

Results

A total of 22 retrospective studies involving 864,627 participants were included. The pooled results demonstrated that cervical cancer patients had a significantly greater risk for lung cancer than did the general population (SIR = 2.63, 95% CI: 2.37–2.91, P<0.001). Furthermore, subgroup analyses stratified by follow-up period (<5 years and ≥5 years), age (≤50 years and <50 years), and degree of malignancy (invasive and in situ) also revealed an increased risk of developing lung cancer among cervical carcinoma patients.

Conclusion

Cervical cancer patients are more likely to develop subsequent primary lung cancer than the general population, regardless of age, follow-up time or degree of malignancy. However, more high-quality prospective studies are still needed to verify our findings.
A comparison of white matter microstructure and correlates with neuropsychological measures in younger and older adults
Authors: Sheriff Abu-Bakar , Scarapicchia Vanessa , Mazerolle Erin L. , Christie Brian , Gawryluk Jodie R.
Published: June 2024

Objective

With a globally aging population, there is a need to better understand how brain structure relates to function in healthy older and younger adults.

Methods

34 healthy participants divided into older (17; Mean = 70.9, SD = 5.4) and younger adults (17; Mean = 28.1, SD = 2.8) underwent diffusion-weighted imaging and neuropsychological assessment, including the California Verbal Learning Test 2nd Edition and the Trail Making Test (TMT-A and TMT-B). Differences in white matter microstructure for older and younger adults and the association between DTI metrics (fractional anisotropy, FA; mean diffusivity, MD) and cognitive performance were analyzed using tract-based spatial statistics (p < 0.05, corrected).

Results

Older adults had significantly lower FA and higher MD than younger adults in widespread brain regions. There was a significant negative correlation between executive function (TMT-B) and MD for older adults in the right superior/anterior corona radiata and the corpus callosum. No significant relationship was detected between DTI metrics and executive function in younger adults or with memory performance in either group.

Conclusions

The findings underscore the need to examine brain-behaviour relationships as a function of age. Future studies should include comprehensive assessments in larger lifespan samples to better understand the aging brain.
Relative contribution of biomedical, demographic, and socioeconomic factors to COVID-19 vaccine receipt in rural India
Authors: Ferris Bethany F. , Balasubramanian Suganthi , Rajamanickam Anuradha , Munisankar Saravanan , Dasan Bindu , Menon Pradeep A. , Loke P'ng , Babu Subash , Chami Goylette F.
Published: June 2024

Background

In the first year of roll-out, vaccination for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) prevented almost 20 million deaths from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Yet, little is known about the factors influencing access to vaccination at the individual level within rural poor settings of low-income countries. The aim of this study was to examine determinants of vaccine receipt in rural India.

Methods

A census of a rural village in Tamil Nadu was undertaken from June 2021 to September 2022. We surveyed 775 participants from 262 households. Household-level data on socioeconomic status (SES), water, sanitation, and hygiene practices, and individual-level demographic information, travel history, and biomedical data, including anthropometry, vital signs, and comorbidities, were collected. Logistic regression models with 5-fold cross-validation were used to identify the biomedical, demographic, and socioeconomic determinants of vaccine receipt and the timing of receipt within the first 30 days of eligibility. Vaccine ineligible participants were excluded leaving 659 eligible participants. There were 650 eligible participants with complete biomedical, demographic, and socioeconomic data.

Results

There were 68.0% and 34.0% of individuals (N = 650) who had received one and two vaccine doses, respectively. Participants with household ownership of a permanent account number (PAN) or ration card were 2.15 (95% CI:1.32–3.52) or 3.02 (95% CI:1.72–5.29) times more likely to receive at least one vaccine dose compared to households with no ownership of such cards. Participants employed as housewives or self-employed non-agricultural workers were 65% (95% CI:0.19–0.67) or 59% (95% CI:0.22–0.76) less likely to receive at least one vaccine dose compared to salaried workers. Household PAN card ownership, occupation and age were linked to the timing of vaccine receipt. Participants aged ≤18 and 45–60 years were 17.74 (95% CI:5.07–62.03) and 5.51 (95% CI:2.74–11.10) times more likely to receive a vaccine within 30 days of eligibility compared to 19-44-year-olds. Biomedical factors including BMI, vital signs, comorbidities, and COVID-19 specific symptoms were not consistently associated with vaccine receipt or timing of receipt. No support was found that travel history, contact with COVID-19 cases, and hospital admissions influenced vaccine receipt or timing of receipt.

Conclusion

Factors linked to SES were linked to vaccine receipt, more so than biomedical factors which were targeted by vaccine policies. Future research should explore if government interventions including vaccine mandates, barriers to vaccine access, or peer influence linked to workplace or targeted vaccine promotion campaigns underpin these findings.
Exploring correlations: Human seminal plasma and blood serum biochemistry in relation to semen quality
Authors: Płaczkowska Sylwia , Rodak Kamil , Kmieciak Agnieszka , Gilowska Iwona , Kratz Ewa Maria
Published: June 2024

Male infertility is a pressing global issue, prompting the need for biomarkers correlating with seminal parameters for diagnosis. Our study investigated 10 biochemical and energetic parameters in the seminal plasma and blood sera of fertile (25 subjects) and infertile (88 subjects) Polish men, correlations between their levels in seminal plasma and semen quality, and correlations between blood sera and seminal plasma levels of examined parameters. Infertile men displayed elevated seminal plasma glucose and fructose but reduced HDL levels compared to fertile men. We observed also weak negative correlations between seminal plasma triglycerides and sperm concentration in both groups. Moreover, infertile men exhibited positive correlations between seminal plasma HDL/LDL concentrations and sperm concentration. Fertile men showed moderate negative correlations between glucose/triglycerides concentrations and sperm count and between seminal plasma triglycerides levels and sperm vitality. Semen volume correlated with triglycerides (negative) and fructose (positive) concentrations in infertile men. Sperm motility correlated negatively with total cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerides concentrations in fertile men, and weakly with AMP-activated protein kinase in infertile men. Weak negative correlations between seminal plasma fructose/AMP-activated protein kinase concentrations and sperm progressive motility were observed in infertile men, whereas in fertile men seminal plasma AMP-activated protein kinase levels were positively correlated with progressive motility. Correlation analysis between blood serum and seminal plasma parameters revealed intriguing connections, notably regarding LDL, AMP-activated protein kinase, and carnitine, suggesting systemic influences on seminal plasma composition. These findings emphasize the complex interplay between metabolic factors and sperm parameters, offering promising directions for future research in male infertility diagnostics and therapeutics.
Rosuvastatin attenuates airway inflammation and remodeling in a chronic allergic asthma model through modulation of the AMPKα signaling pathway
Authors: Zhang Lei , Huang Feng-Ying , Dai Shu-Zhen , Wang Lin , Zhou Xiangdong , Zheng Zhen-You , Li Qi , Tan Guang-Hong , Wang Cai-Chun
Published: June 2024

The efficacy of rosuvastatin in reducing allergic inflammation has been established. However, its potential to reduce airway remodeling has yet to be explored. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of rosuvastatin in reducing airway inflammation and remodeling in a mouse model of chronic allergic asthma induced by sensitization and challenge with OVA. Histology of the lung tissue and the number of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) showed a marked decrease in airway inflammation and remodeling in mice treated with rosuvastatin, as evidenced by a decrease in goblet cell hyperplasia, collagen deposition, and smooth muscle hypertrophy. Furthermore, levels of inflammatory cytokines, angiogenesis-related factors, and OVA-specific IgE in BALF, plasma, and serum were all reduced upon treatment with rosuvastatin. Western blotting was employed to detect AMPK expression, while immunohistochemistry staining was used to observe the expression of remodeling signaling proteins such as α-SMA, TGF-β, MMP-9, and p-AMPKα in the lungs. It was found that the activity of 5’-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase alpha (AMPKα) was significantly lower in the lungs of OVA-induced asthmatic mice compared to Control mice. However, the administration of rosuvastatin increased the ratio of phosphorylated AMPK to total AMPKα, thus inhibiting the formation of new blood vessels, as indicated by CD31-positive staining mainly in the sub-epithelial region. These results indicate that rosuvastatin can effectively reduce airway inflammation and remodeling in mice with chronic allergic asthma caused by OVA, likely due to the reactivation of AMPKα and a decrease in angiogenesis.
Boosting agricultural green development: Does socialized service matter?
Authors: Yu Yongqi , Chi Zexin , Yu Yanfeng , Zhao Junjie , Peng Liulin
Published: June 2024

Agricultural socialized service is gradually emerging as a new stimulus for enhancing the agricultural production environment. However, their precise impact on improving the agricultural ecological environment and promoting the green development of agriculture remains incompletely understood. Therefore, leveraging panel data spanning from 2003 to 2020 across 31 provinces in China, this study utilizes the bidirectional fixed effect model, moderating effect model, and spatial Durbin model to systematically assess the influence of agricultural socialized services on agricultural green development and its spatial ramifications. The findings show that (I) agricultural socialized services significantly contribute to promoting agricultural green development, particularly in regions with lower aging demographics. (II) The application of the spatial Durbin model reveals that this promotional effect does not exhibit significant spatial spillover effect. (III) The role of agricultural socialized services in fostering agricultural green development can be significantly enhanced by advancements in land transfer, agricultural technological innovations, and the improvement of rural human capital. In conclusion, the study provides a set of policy recommendations that include government financial support, facilitating land transfer, improving rural education and technical training, and promoting green production technologies to effectively promote agricultural green development.
From object to objectified: The ongoing precarity of Black bodies in institutional spaces
Authors: Jones Ingrid
Published: June 2024

This article examines the precarity of Black bodies in institutional spaces, particularly the detrimental impact on the career of the Black arts practitioner. Ongoing systemic discrimination within institutional sites, as experienced by Black artists, scholars and curators, can be traced to the problematic historical relationship of the Black body to the exhibitionary complex. The continued performative spectacularization of Blackness in institutional settings, as in the cases of Artists Space in 1979 and the Nova Scotia College of Art and Design in 2021, highlights the difficulty for Black professionals invested in decolonial work to unsettle this misrepresentation without the risk of repercussions. In each case study, institutional responses to claims of racial discrimination illuminate their negation of the Black experience and the consequence to Black practitioners of questioning and activating against systemic inequities within these sites. To address the topic in an honest and scholarly manner, this article includes references to histories of colonial violence, as well as examples of harmful racial slurs exacted in response to the concerns of Black practitioners. In so doing, this article is an act of decentring imperialist research methods’ and engages an alternative method for exploring deeply sensitive narratives in a rigid institutional structure.
Nelson Makengo’s Nuit Debout: Infrastructures between promise and improvisation
Authors: Bergs Steyn
Published: June 2024

This article discusses Nelson Makengo’s twenty-minute video work Nuit Debout (), which documents power outages in the city of Kinshasa (DRC) and the everyday and informal practices people develop to cope with these instances of infrastructural fallout. More specifically, through a close formal analysis of Nuit Debout alongside relevant theoretical accounts from various perspectives and disciplines, it argues that Makengo’s video conveys a sense of how the Kinshasa inhabitants it portrays are suspended between what has been called ‘the promise of infrastructure’ on the one hand, and the necessity of acts of infrastructural improvisation on the other. As will be demonstrated, this is a suspension between two different temporalities – each with their seemingly incommensurable rhythms and exigencies – that coil and come together in the present as pictured in Nuit Debout, often leading to a sense of stuckness or to impasse. Throughout the article, it will be made clear that Makengo’s piece qualifies, challenges, and troubles the notion – commonly found in academic literature on infrastructure – that infrastructure is ‘normally’ invisible by focusing on the lives and experiences of people who are themselves routinely invisibilized.
The use of popular music in the education of children aged 4–6 years from the perspective of Polish and American early childhood education teachers1
Authors: Kondracka-Szala Marta
Published: June 2024

The aim of this study was to examine Polish and US teachers’ popular music education practices with children 4–6 years old. Focus groups and individual interviews involved eighteen Polish and eighteen American teachers. The data were analysed using MAXQDA software in a coding process based on sociocultural theory. The results demonstrate that Polish and US teachers use similar popular music in similar contexts. However, the author found specific differences. When asked about their plans for future inclusion of popular music education, American teachers stressed that they planned to intensify its use by designing and implementing more activities. On the other hand, Polish teachers equated their plans with their own professional and self-development. This study sheds light on the role of popular music in educating young children as reported by Polish and US teachers and highlights the importance of continued research in this area.
Jurnal Musawa: Solusi Dan Tantangan Akademis Dalam Studi Gender Di Perguruan Tinggi Islam
Authors: Witriani Witriani , Triantini Zusiana Elly
Published: June 2024

Permasalah Gender adalah gejala sosial yang sangat dinamis. Paradigma berfikir dan meneliti menyangkut proses tindakan ditunjukkan oleh lingkungan akademik UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta dalam mendirikan Jurnal musawa. Hal ini guna kritik pada kajian gender secara akademis. Sejauh paradigma Gender dan HAM   dalam Kajian Islam, Sosial dan Sains menjelaskan peran Jurnal Musawa pada kanca akademis. Fungsi dan peran Jurnal Musawa menjelaskan secara elegan proses studi gender pada kalangan akademis baik praktis dan teoritis. Hal ini menjelaskan perubahan-perubahan pemikiran pada tataran filosofis memahami studi gender di perguruan tinggi. Jurnal musawa membawa wacana tersebut dalam perang kritik serta argumentasi. Hal ini mencerminkan adanya perkembangan pemikiran akademis dalam studi gender di Perguruan tinggi. Pola akademis ini memberikan ruang besar dalam Studi gender sebagai Lembaga pembelajaran perempuan di Pusat Studi Wanita(PSW) UIN Sunan Kalijaga.
 [Gender issue is very dynamic social problem. The paradigm study gender concerns to any process of showing UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta in publishing Musawa journals. The habit talks for criticism on academic gender studies. As far as the Gender and Human Rights paradigm in Islamic, Social and Scientific Studies explains Musawa Journal in academia. The challenge of the Musawa elegantly explains the process of gender studies to academics both practically and theoretically. It explains the philosophy changing in issues at the level of understanding gender studies in higher education. Musawa brings the discourse into a criticism and argumentation. The tradision reflects the development of academic thought in gender studies in tertiary institutions. The academic pattern provides a large space in gender studies as a Center for gender studies at Pusat Studi Wanita (PSW) UIN Sunan Kalijaga.]
Dynamic and Challenges of Women Leaders: Gender Equality Agenda vs Gender Traditional Roles In Society
Authors: Pulu Serlyeti , Subono Nur Iman , Adelina Shelly
Published: June 2024

Artikel ini mengkaji beberapa penelitian terdahulu tentang latarbelakang dan konteks social membentuk perempuan pemimpin dalam gerakan sosial-politik dan gerakan perempuan, agenda-agenda aksi yang dirumuskannya, serta bagaimana mereka mengelola tantangan yang dihadapi dalam menjalankan misinya. Fenomena munculnya perempuan pemimpin di berbagai organisasi sosial dan organisasi perempuan di tingkat lokal dan di tingkat nasional periode kontemporer dan periode pergerakan kemerdekaan menjadi konteks kajian dalam penulisan ini. Kerangka pemberdayaan dari Joana Rowlands memandu analisis tulisan ini. Temuan penting kajian atas riset-riset terdahulu menunjukkan bahwa perempuan pemimpin mengembangkan kekuatan dari dalam diri sendiri, memperkuatnya dengan membangun hubungan dengan pihak lain, dan selanjutnya mengembangkan aksi bersama. Kekuatan yang sudah dimiliki tersebut, berinteraksi dengan persoalan sosial, menghasilkan aksi kolektif, merupakan proses hasil pemberdayaan yang menjadikan para perempuan dapat mendorong perubahan yang lebih besar.
[This article examines some of the previous research on the background and social context of shaping women leaders in socio-political movements and women’s movements, the action agendas they formulated, and how they manage the challenges faced in carrying out their missions. The phenomenon of the emergence of women leaders in various social organizations and women’s organizations at the local level and the national level of the contemporary period and the period of the independence movement is the context of the study in this paper. The empowerment framework from Joana Rowlands guides the analysis. Key findings from previous studies have shown that women leaders develop strengths from within themselves, strengthen them by building relationships with others, and further develop collective action. These strengths, interacting with social issues, and generating collective action, are processes of empowerment that allow women to drive greater change.]