bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analyzing the Impact of Financial Socialization and Social Media Influence on Young Consumers' Behavioral Patterns
Authors: Nekkanti Srinija , Kalani Aditi , Narwani Mahek , Chauhan Rahul , Maseleno Andino , Isnanto Rizal
Published: February 2025

This study analyzes the impact of financial socialization and social media influence on young consumers' behavioral patterns, focusing on age and gender differences. Utilizing a quantitative approach, the research examines how technological advancements and social factors shape financial literacy and spending habits among youth. Findings indicate that while age influences engagement with social media and influencers, fundamental financial behaviors like budgeting show minimal variation across age groups. Gender analysis reveals significant differences in price comparison behaviors, suggesting the need for targeted marketing strategies. The study emphasizes the importance of financial literacy education in a digital context and highlights opportunities for further research on cultural influences and evolving consumer behaviors. Overall, the insights gained underscore the critical role of social media and technology in shaping the financial practices of young consumers.
Empowering Employees to Maximize Their Performance is a Key Factor in Achieving Excellence
Authors: Chandra Benny , Moeins Anoesyirwan , Marhalinda Marhalinda
Published: February 2025

The primary goal of this study is to comprehensively examine and evaluate multiple elements, namely: (1) Leadership, (2) Empowerment, (3) Performance, and (4) The impact of Leadership and Empowerment on the performance of Employees at PT Citra Teknik Medika in Bandung City. Both the simultaneous and partial effects will be taken into account during the analysis. To conduct this research, a combination of descriptive and explanatory surveys was utilized as the research methods. The employees of PT Citra Teknik Medika in Bandung were selected as the unit of analysis, with a sample size of 33 individuals. This investigation follows a causality approach and adopts a cross-sectional time frame. Upon examination of the study's results, it became evident that the workforce at PT Citra Teknik Medika in Bandung City possessed diverse viewpoints regarding leadership. The majority of employees responded favorably, although the overall level of empowerment within the organization was deemed less than satisfactory. In regard to performance, the employees of PT Citra Teknik Medika displayed a positive trajectory. Additionally, the study unveiled that both leadership and empowerment jointly contribute to employee performance. However, when analyzed individually, it was determined that leadership has a more significant influence on performance than empowerment. When seeking to improve overall performance, it is crucial to prioritize empowerment as it has a significant impact. Hence, it is highly recommended that the employees of PT Citra Teknik Medika in Bandung City make empowerment their top priority and actively participate in ongoing initiatives. This will enable them to enhance their skills and conduct their work with greater proficiency and professionalism
Implementation of Green Accounting to Increase Awareness Environment and Knowledge in East Cirebon Region (Case Study of Beverage MSME Business Actor)
Authors: Wati Setia , Trishe Silinia Arafah  , Rochanda Wiradinata  , Nurul Senja
Published: February 2025

The negative impacts of global warming and climate change increase the need for environmental improvement efforts. Green accounting in the East Cirebon region is considered to have strategic potential to increase environmental awareness and public knowledge of environmental issues. Green accounting includes an approach that incorporates ecological values into the traditional accounting system to provide a comprehensive understanding of the impact of the economy on the environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of the application of green accounting on increasing environmental awareness and public knowledge in the East Cirebon region. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive qualitative methods through in-depth interviews, observations, surveys, and distributing questionnaires to small and medium enterprises. The results showed that the application of green accounting in the East Cirebon region had a positive impact on increasing environmental awareness. By presenting accounting information that considers the environment, people can understand the economic impact of their activities on local ecosystems. In addition, increased environmental awareness will lead to active participation in conservation programs and raise awareness of the importance of sustainability. Applying green accounting also helps increase community knowledge and support sustainable conservation efforts in the East Cirebon region. This study concludes that applying green accounting in the East Cirebon region can positively contribute to increasing environmental awareness and community knowledge. Therefore, local governments, businesses, and communities should work together to continue and expand the application of green accounting to achieve sustainable regional development.
Determinants of Firm Value in Food and Beverage Industry
Authors: Ulfiah Zahri , Suzuda Pohan Fanny
Published: February 2025

This study aims to examine the effect of debt policy, dividend policy and profitability on firm value in food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesia stock exchange for the 2019-2023 period. This type of research is associative. The population of this research is 95 companies. The sample was determined by purposive sampling technique as many as 17 companies. The type of data in this study is secondary data with quantitative research methods and descriptive approaches. Data analysis used is panel data regression analysis. This research is processed using software EViews 12. The results of this study indicate that debt policy proxied by Debt-to-Equity Ratio (DER) and profitability proxied by return on assets (ROA) have a significant effect on firm value, while dividend policy proxied by Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR) has no effect on firm value. Simultaneously, debt policy, dividend policy and profitability have an effect on firm value.
The Influence of the Blue Economy on National Economic Growth
Authors: Qibtiyana Mariyatul , Sastrodiharjo Istianingsih , Hendayana Yayan
Published: February 2025

Economic growth is the main focus of the country's development, especially measured through Gross Domestic Product (GDP). In the Indonesian context, the blue economy concept is a promising strategy because of the abundant potential of marine resources. This study aims to analyze the influence of the blue economy on economic growth in Indonesia. Through a literature review, it is revealed that the government has implemented various innovative policies and financial instruments to support the blue economy. The research results show that the blue economy has a significant influence on economic growth. However, the challenge of maximizing the benefits of marine resources while maintaining environmental sustainability remains the main focus. By maintaining the sustainability of marine resources, Indonesia can build a strong and sustainable blue economy, providing long-term economic and social benefits for its people.
The Meaning Context in Fast Food Advertisement: Pragmatics Study
Authors: Rahmah Leny Saili , Nurazizah Wafie Siti , Ramadhina Nurul Fadhilah , Zulfiah Yufi , Fatimah Vina Aulia
Published: February 2025

This research aims to interpret English advertisements containing a pragmatics context.  This study uses a qualitative method, and the object of this study is several English fast food restaurant advertisements.  The data in this study were collected by searching fast food restaurant advertisements, then grouping them pragmatically, and classifying them based on their pragmatic context.  Researchers got eight pieces of data to be examined, and they are: the first is 'call your own time-out', which means 'Take time to enjoy the food offered in the advertisement'. The second is 'it'll blow your mind away', means 'You will be surprised by the size of the food in the advertisement'. The third is 'get fully charged', means 'The food offered in the advertisement will satisfy the reader.  The fourth is 'think outside the bucket', which means ordered food outside the menu package. The fifth is 'Happy hour' means 'there is a 20% discount, in a certain period or time of the advertisement'. The sixth is 'Sure is good to have around', which means a delicious meal to enjoy with close friends. The seventh is 'talking can wait', means Do not let the distractions while enjoying the food. The last advertisement is `Look its waving at you' means 'The food is tempting to buy.
Interview data
Authors: Nichols Henry
Published: February 2025

MOTHERS' ACCEPTANCE AND SUPPORT FOR THEIR LGBT CHILDREN IN CISHETERONORMATIVE SCHOOL SYSTEMS

Interview schedule
HD 206893 B at High Spectral Resolution with the Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer
Authors: Sappey Ben , Konopacky Quinn , Ó Clarissa R. Do , Barman Travis , Ruffio Jean-Baptiste , Wang 王 Jason 劲飞 , Theissen Christopher A. , Finnerty Luke , Xuan Jerry , Hortsman Katelyn , Mawet Dimitri , Zhang Yapeng , Inglis Julie , Wallack Nicole L. , Sanghi Aniket , Baker Ashley , Bartos Randall , Blake Geoffrey A. , Bond Charlotte Z. , Calvin Benjamin , Cetre Sylvain , Delorme Jacques-Robert , Doppmann Greg , Echeverri Daniel , Fitzgerald Michael P. , Hsu Chih-Chun , Jovanovic Nemanja , Liberman Joshua , López Ronald A. , Martin Emily C. , Morris Evan , Pezzato-Rovner Jacklyn , Phillips Caprice L. , Ruane Garreth , Schofield Tobias , Skemer Andrew , Venenciano Taylor , Wallace J. Kent , Wang 王 Ji 吉 , Wizinowich Peter , Xin Yinzi
Published: February 2025

We present an atmospheric characterization and orbital analysis of HD 206893 B, an exceptionally red, L/T-transition substellar companion in a multiplanetary system, via Keck Planet Imager and Characterizer (KPIC) high-resolution (R ∼ 35,000) K-band spectroscopy. Using PHOENIX atmospheric models in a forward-model framework that fits the spectrum of the companion and diffracted starlight simultaneously, we detect HD 206893 B at >8σ significance via cross correlation in two epochs. We find an effective temperature for the companion of 1634

−
38

+
72

K and a

log
g

of 4.55

−
0.22

+
0.17

. Only accounting for statistical uncertainties, we measure the carbon-oxygen ratio (C/O) of this companion to be 0.57 ± 0.02, or near-solar while assuming solar metallicity. The C/O ratio we measure fits the tentative trend of >4 M
Jup companions having near-solar C/O ratios while less massive companions have greater-than-solar C/O ratios. Using substellar evolution models, we find an age of 112

−
22

+
36

Myr, a mass of 22.7

−
1.7

+
2.5

M
Jup, and a radius of 1.11 ± 0.03 R
Jup for this companion. We also use KPIC radial velocity data to fit the orbit of HD 206893 B and analyze the orbital stability of this system. We find that the orbital stability is relatively independent of the mass of HD 206893 B, and favors an orbital configuration where B and its interior planetary companion, HD 206893 c, are coplanar. The measured C/O ratio coupled with the current architecture of the system cannot rule out the core accretion scenario, nor the disk fragmentation scenario regarding the formation pathway of HD 206893 B.
SQuIGG

L

→

E: Observational Evidence of Low Ongoing Star Formation Rates in Gas-rich Post-starburst Galaxies
Authors: Zhu 朱 Pengpei 芃佩 , Suess Katherine A. , Kriek Mariska , Setton David J. , Bezanson Rachel , Donofrio Vincenzo , Feldmann Robert , Goulding Andy D. , Greene Jenny E. , Narayanan Desika , Spilker Justin
Published: February 2025

Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations have shown that candidate “post-starburst” galaxies (PSBs) at z ∼ 0.6 can retain significant molecular gas reservoirs. These results would imply that—unlike many model predictions—galaxies can shut down their star formation before their cold gas reservoirs are depleted. However, these studies inferred star formation rates (SFRs) either from [O ii] line fluxes or from spectral energy distribution (SED) modeling and could have missed large dust-obscured contributions to the SFRs. In this study, we present Keck/NIRES observations of 13 massive (M
* ≳ 1011
M
⊙) PSBs, which allow us to estimate Hα SFRs in these gas-rich PSBs. We confirm the previously inferred low SFRs for the majority of the sample: 11/13 targets show clear Hα absorption, with minimal infilling indicating dust-corrected SFRs of <4.1 M
⊙ yr−1. These SFRs are notably low given the large H2 reservoirs (∼(1–5) × 1010
M
⊙) present in 5/13 of these galaxies, placing them significantly offset from star-forming galaxies on the Kennicutt–Schmidt relation for star-forming galaxies. The [N ii]/Hα ratios of all 13 PSBs imply contributions from non-star-forming ionization mechanisms (e.g., active galactic nuclei, shocks, or hot evolved stars) to their Hα emission, suggesting that even these low ongoing SFRs may be overestimated. These low Hα SFRs, dust corrected using A

v
estimates from SED fitting, confirm that these galaxies are very likely quiescent and, thus, that galaxies can quench before their cold gas reservoirs are fully depleted.
Origin of α-poor Very Metal-poor Stars
Authors: Jeena S. K. , Banerjee Projjwal
Published: February 2025

Among very metal-poor (VMP) stars, α-poor VMP (α-PVMP) stars that have subsolar values of [X/Fe] for Mg and other α elements are rare and are thought to have been formed from gas polluted by Type 1a supernova (SN 1a). However, recent analyses indicate that pure core-collapse supernova (CCSN) ejecta can also be a likely source. We perform a detailed analysis of 17 α-PVMP stars by considering six different scenarios relevant to the early Galaxy. We consider a single pair-instability supernova (PISN) and a single CCSN. Additionally, we consider the combination of ejecta from a CCSN with ejecta from another CCSN, a PISN, a near-Chandrasekhar mass (near-M
Ch) SN 1a, and a sub-Chandrasekhar mass (sub-M
Ch) SN 1a. A clear signature can only be established for sub-M
Ch SN 1a with a near-smoking-gun signature in SDSS J0018-0939 and a reasonably clear signature in ET0381. The majority (82%) of α-PVMP stars can be explained by pure CCSN ejecta and do not require any SN 1a contribution. However, the combination of CCSN and sub-M
Ch SN 1a ejecta can also explain most (76%) of α-PVMP stars. In contrast, the combination of ejecta from CCSN with near-M
Ch SN 1a and PISN can fit 41% and 29% of the stars, respectively. The single PISN scenario is strongly ruled out for all stars. Our results indicate that α-PVMP stars are equally compatible with pure CCSN ejecta and a combination of CCSN and SN 1a ejecta, with sub-M
Ch SN 1a being roughly twice as frequent as near-M
Ch SN 1a.
Constructive Simulation in Tactical Level Planning: Options for Optimizing Engineer Support
Authors: Rolenec Ota , Sedláček Martin , Vlkovský Martin
Published: February 2025

This article deals with the use of constructive simulation software in the planning process of military engineer staff personnel. The possibilities regarding the implementation of MASA SWORD simulation software are demonstrated on specific data from the Engineer Support Management Course, with overlapping applications to other specialized military troops. Three scenarios were used for the simulations, which were practiced and verified during the course’s exercise. Each scenario was evaluated in silico within the simulation environment, incorporating analytical and graphical outputs. Utilizing the MASA SWORD analytical module, each scenario underwent comparative analysis using statistical tests to assess the fulfilment or failure of the assigned task. The findings emphasize the promising role of constructive simulation in enhancing military personnel training and planning process on tactical level.
The Modern War Veteran: Identifying Needs, Problems and Risky Factors
Authors: Trávníčková Marcela , Laštovková Jitka , Petruželka Benjamin , Barták Miroslav
Published: February 2025

This article examines the needs and problems of the modern war veterans and identifies factors that may contribute to making them a high-risk group. It uses data from two questionnaire surveys. The respondents were war veterans leaving active service and war veterans who left active service less than ten years ago. The analysis shows that participation in the mission has a negative impact mainly on the family and relationships, and that the most common problems on leaving active service are related to finances and finding a new job. Services related to the new job are seen by respondents as the most beneficial. Further, few factors have been identified that may contribute to a high-risky group: less than nineteen years of service, age under forty, having health restrictions due to active service and leaving service as a decision of the employer.
Assessment of Awareness of Dry Eye in Youth and its Association with Extended Screen Time Use in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alharbi Shaima Sulaiman , Almutairi Ghadah Mohammed , Alkhodier Abeer Abdulghani , Alkhathemi Abdulmajeed , Almutairi Hessa Mohammed , Almousa Wasan Abdullah , Alabdulminaim Jehad Ahmed , Alsadhan Ghada Abdulaziz , Aldokhail Laila Saleh , Almaziad Deemah Othman
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND: Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial condition characterized by discomfort and visual disturbances, often linked to prolonged screen time and other environmental or lifestyle factors. In Saudi Arabia, DED prevalence is increasing, especially among younger populations.
AIM: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of DED, its associated risk factors, and awareness among Saudi youth.
METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted targeting 366 Saudi youth. The sample was recruited randomly, with the majority (89.3%) from the central region. Participants ranged in age from 19 to over 55 years, with a mean age of 28.6 ± 11.7 years. Data were collected via a self-administered electronic questionnaire covering demographics, screen time, awareness, and risk factors related to DED. The Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) was used to assess the severity of DED. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS, with significance set at p < 0.05.
RESULTS: The prevalence of DED was 67.8%, with 19.9% of cases being mild, 18% moderate, and 29.8% severe. Long use of computer screens (77%), fatigue (69.7%), and air pollution (68.9%) were the most commonly reported risk factors for DED. Significant associations were found between DED and factors such as female gender (p = 0.003), older age (p = 0.049), and prolonged TV screen time (p = 0.030). Awareness of DED was high, with 83.1% of participants reporting knowledge of the condition, primarily from internet sources and healthcare professionals. However, only 19.9% reported regular eye doctor visits, and 50.5% used cooling eye drops for symptom relief instead of artificial tears.
CONCLUSION: DED is highly prevalent among Saudi youth, with prolonged screen time, fatigue, and environmental factors contributing to the risk. Awareness is widespread, but healthcare- seeking behavior remains low. Strategies to promote early diagnosis, proper treatment, and preventive measures are needed to reduce the burden of DED in this population.
Fluid resuscitation dilemma: anticipating massive blood loss in hysterectomy
Authors: Suranadi I Wayan , Julianto I Gede Prima , Jeanne Bianca
Published: February 2025

Massive bleeding during obstetric surgeries, such as hysterectomy, is a significant cause of maternal mortality and morbidity worldwide. In such cases, fluid resuscitation is imperative. However, intraoperative guidelines and fluid requirements cannot be universally standardized to accommodate every patient, surgical procedure, or condition. The debate between restrictive and liberal fluid resuscitation during massive intraoperative bleeding has persisted for a long time. Both approaches have been associated with side effects that impact patient morbidity and mortality. Despite the fact that there have been extensive studies on fluid and hemodynamic optimization, results remain inconsistent due to the varying definitions of “restrictive” and “liberal” fluid management and the differing monitoring protocols across studies. The present study describes a case of a 28-year-old woman in her third pregnancy who was scheduled to undergo a cesarean section and hysterectomy due to placenta accreta. The patient experienced significant intraoperative bleeding, prompting the administration of substantial intravenous fluids and blood products to maintain hemodynamic stability. She was closely monitored for signs of fluid overload. The resuscitation efforts proved successful, and the patient was discharged without complications.
La révolution #MeToo : genre, droit et politique
Authors: Iacub Marcela
Published: February 2025

Cet article se propose de montrer les fausses prémisses sur lesquelles se fonde le mouvement #MeToo, notamment le fait que les inégalités sociales entre les hommes et les femmes seraient la conséquence des violences, notamment sexuelles, que les premiers exercent sur les secondes. Il cherche à montrer aussi les alternatives à ces politiques.
La modestie pour tact ique. Relire Herculine Barbin pour sortir des stratégies biopolitiques
Authors: Bourlez Fabrice
Published: February 2025

À travers une relecture du texte de Michel Foucault, Herculine Barbin , l’article ouvre des pistes tactiques pour repenser les enjeux politiques et éthiques de la pratique psychanalytique contemporaine.
M. Butterfly (David Cronenberg, 1993) : pour une lecture intersectionnelle des rapports de genre
Authors: San Martin Caroline
Published: February 2025

Le personnage de Butterfly que nous retrouvons dans le long métrage du réalisateur canadien David Cronenberg M. Butterfly (1993) est inspiré d’une figure féminine construite en Occident sur quasiment un siècle. Sa persistance tout comme ses incessants retours posent question. Un bref récit généalogique, combiné à une série d’analyses du film, nous permettront d’interroger la façon dont certaines histoires populaires voyagent et, avec elles, nos représentations en termes de genre entendu comme construction sociale. C’est par conséquent la construction de Butterfly comme « fantasme public » (Teresa de Lauretis) que nous interrogerons et la façon dont le cinéaste en propose une critique cinématographique. Tout l’enjeu de cet article consistera à montrer comment la construction d’une conception intersectionnelle du genre est rendue visible, certes, dans le récit, mais aussi dans la mise en scène.
Socialisme et innovation technologique
Authors: Blum Julian
Published: February 2025

Quel avenir technologique les socialistes français nous préparent-ils dans les années 1980, alors qu’Internet n’existe pas encore et que le futur prend la forme d’un minitel ? À l’heure où les questions d’innovation et de réindustrialisation du pays reviennent sur le devant de la scène, cette étude nous emmène quarante ans plus tôt, lorsque la France et l’Europe commencent tout juste à prendre conscience de leur retard. Créé au début du premier septennat Mitterrand, le Centre d’études des systèmes et technologies avancées (CESTA) doit aider le pays à se préparer aux bouleversements technologiques à venir, tout en reflétant les priorités politiques de la gauche. Dirigé par l’iconoclaste Yves Stourdzé, sociologue soixante-huitard devenu expert des télécommunications, le CESTA offre par son caractère insolite un aperçu sur la manière dont le pouvoir socialiste tente d’appréhender la question technologique. Se fondant sur des archives écrites et orales, l’ouvrage suit l’évolution de cette institution baroque à tous points de vue. Un « exceptionnel-normal » qui fait la jonction entre une réflexion hétérodoxe des années 1970 sur les nouvelles technologies, et les projets réformistes des socialistes. L’analyse détaillée de sa trajectoire permet d’articuler le lien subtil entre les idées et l’action, et de faire ainsi apparaître cet espace où se fabriquent les politiques publiques.
Diffusion et différenciation spatiales des transitions agricoles dans les Vosges (2010-2020)
Authors: Schott Céline , Mignolet Catherine
Published: February 2025

Cet article cherche à mettre en évidence l’évolution des formes d’agricultures en transition par une approche basée sur la présence d’atelier(s) de production en agriculture biologique et/ou en circuits courts à l’échelle d’un département très diversifié en termes de structures d’exploitations comme celui des Vosges. Dans un premier temps, nous nous intéressons à l’évolution de ces formes de transitions agroécologiques à l’échelle du département en nous basant sur les Recensements Agricoles 2010 et 2020. Nous montrons que la progression de ces formes de transition a été beaucoup plus nette en relatif qu’en absolu, en lien avec la forte disparition des exploitations dites « conventionnelles en filières longues », et parce que la progression des exploitations en circuits courts et en agriculture biologique a été fortement liée à la conversion de celles qui étaient déjà en circuits courts. Nous nous intéressons ensuite à la manière dont ces évolutions sont spatialement différenciées à l’intérieur du département en tenant compte des contextes pédoclimatiques et topographique du département. Nous montrons ainsi les effets d’un gradient Est-Ouest sur les formes d’intensification des exploitations et/ou d’essaimage des formes de transitions. Enfin, nous proposons une manière de décrire et de catégoriser les fermes en circuits courts à partir de données fines recueillies à partir de sources d’informations hétérogènes au grain des ateliers de production sur la partie Ouest du département des Vosges.
Neuroscience-Driven Solutions for Speech Impairment
Authors: G. V. S. Anil Chandra , Biradar Shantagoud , Raghavan Ramya
Published: February 2025

Speech impairment presents a significant challenge for aged and chronically ill individuals. Emerging assistive technologies offer promising solutions to improve their communication abilities. This discussion explores established options like Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) devices and cutting-edge approaches like Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs). Neuroprosthetics, a field merging neuroscience and biomedical engineering, aims to replace or modulate damaged parts of the nervous system. We delved into the potential of optogenetics, neuroengineering devices, and biosensors, highlighting their contributions to future advancements in speech assistance. The dialogue emphasized the importance of a comprehensive approach, combining established assistive technologies with ongoing research on promising areas like synthetic biology. This multi-faceted approach holds the key to empowering speech-impaired individuals and fostering improved communication.
The Neuroscience of Addiction
Authors: Oyerinde Toheeb Olalekan , Asuku Abraham Olufemi , Olajide Tobiloba Samuel , Afolabi Hezekiah Omotayo , Kehinde Afeez , Saliu Salam Babatunde , Arinde Emmanuel Sunday
Published: February 2025

This chapter offers a succinct synopsis of the complex interplay between addiction and neurology, along with recommendations for creating efficacious treatment plans. This chapter investigates the brain mechanisms behind addictive behaviours, with an emphasis on dopaminergic pathways, reward circuits, and neurotransmitter imbalances, acknowledging addiction as a complex neurobiological issue. The chapter explores modern neuroscientific treatment modalities, such as neurotransmitter system-targeting medications, maladaptive behavior treatment with cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), and positive reinforcement-based contingency management. Emerging technologies like brain stimulation and neurofeedback are introduced in addition to traditional therapy. These technologies, which include transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and EEG-based neurofeedback, are new solutions that make use of neuroscientific principles.
Investigating Neurodegenerative Diseases From Alzheimer's to Parkinson's
Authors: Khare Noopur , Khare Pragati , Priyadarshi Swati
Published: February 2025

The neurological disorders that include Parkinson's and Alzheimer's are among the most serious threats to world health because of their crippling effects on mental and physical abilities. It is essential to comprehend common mechanisms such as inflammation and misfolded proteins. Molecular and cellular biology approaches, in conjunction with sophisticated imaging modalities such as PET and MRI, provide insights into the course of disease. The beta-amyloid and tau proteins are the main targets of Alzheimer's research, and immunotherapies and newly developed diagnostics appear to be promising. Deep brain stimulation and dopamine-based therapy continue to be mainstays in Parkinson's disease treatment, while neuroprotective medications try to delay the illness's progression. Limited disease-modifying treatments and ethical issues present challenges. Utilising AI, gene editing, and regenerative medicine are future directions. The urgent need for more research to solve the puzzles surrounding neurodegenerative disorders and create efficient treatments is emphasised in this chapter.
[Chronicity and ageing in cardiology: geriatric cardiology, cardiac rehabilitation or cardiogeriatric rehabilitation of related care?]
Authors: Pedretti Roberto F.E.
Published: February 2025

The population of elderly adults is constantly increasing and age is a strong determinant of the development of chronic diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases; therefore old subjects represent a very high proportion of cardiac patients. Since cardiology is progressively more and more involved in the care of aged patients, a new area of Cardiology has been identified, the Geriatric Cardiology (GC). On the other hand, Cardiac Rehabilitation (CR) and GC show a wide overlap, and GC seems to be the application in the aged cardiac patient of the core-components that CR has already tested in younger cardiac patients.Now, CR is probably the cardiological area that seems better equipped, both from a cultural and organizational point of view, to care the aged cardiac patients who are often complex and frail, with multimorbidity, and "frequent users" of the health care services.The CR is therefore a concrete response, already ready and operative, to the demographic expansion of chronicity and aging. Beyond the definitions, CR and GC operate according to principles and methods which are in large part common; thus, CR and GC could merge themselves into a new area of cardiology, the Cardiogeriatric Rehabilitation (CGR).
Occupational stress among Namibian diagnostic radiographers during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Shidolo Festus , Speelman Aladdin , Daries Valdiela
Published: February 2025

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly affected the health care sectors, causing stress among professionals such as diagnostic radiographers who helped fight this disease.Aim: This study explored occupational stress and stressors caused by the COVID-19 pandemic among diagnostic radiographers including coping strategies used and interventions that may be used to mitigate the effects of stress during future pandemics.Setting: The study was conducted among Namibian diagnostic radiographers.Methods: An electronic survey was used to collect data using a quantitative descriptive research approach. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 26 was used for statistical analysis.Results: Among the 90 diagnostic radiographers who responded to the survey, an increase in the workload, fear of contracting the virus and spreading it to others, were the main contributors of COVID-19 occupational-related stressors. Spending quality time with family and friends, developing hobbies and meditating and taking part in spiritual or religious activities were some coping strategies used to reduce stress. The introduction of incentives, social networking and provision of psychological support were preferred interventions that could mitigate the effects of occupational stress during similar pandemics.Conclusion: Diagnostic radiographers endured significant occupational stress because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Health care employers are encouraged to provide certain incentives and psychological support during similar pandemics as described in this article.Contribution: Radiography managers may consider the introduction of flexible working hours, provision of adequate staffing, participation and shared decision-making to mitigate stress during similar future pandemics.
Demographic profiles and care management of children with spina bifida in Zambia
Authors: Banda Faith , Mlenzana Nondwe , Mweshi Margaret M. , Nkhata Loveness A.
Published: February 2025

Background: Spina bifida (SB), a major neural tube defect (NTD), is a leading cause of childhood disability in sub-Saharan Africa, with rising incidence in Zambia. It poses complex medical challenges requiring multidisciplinary care; yet, there is limited demographic and prevalence data on the same, particularly in Zambia.Aim: To examine the demographic profiles, clinical features, management practices, key trends and care delivery gaps in SB care from 2010 to 2014.Setting: The study was conducted at two Lusaka hospitals.Methods: A retrospective study reviewed records with complete data on age, diagnosis, lesion location, residence and treatment. Descriptive statistical analysis was conducted using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0.Results: Among 180 cases, 69.4% involved myelomeningocele with hydrocephalus, and 53.3% had lumbar lesions. Females constituted 55.6% of cases. Primary interventions included meningoplasty (61.7%) and Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunting (41.7%). Lusaka province accounted for 31.1% of cases, while Muchinga and Luapula had minimal referrals, exposing geographical disparities in access to specialised care. Rehabilitation services were severely underutilised, with only 4.0% receiving post-surgical physiotherapy and limited follow-up care.Conclusion: The rising prevalence of SB highlights critical gaps in care delivery, particularly in underserved provinces and rehabilitation services. Despite early hospital admissions and surgical interventions, rehabilitation remains severely under-resourced.Contribution: This study identifies key disparities and underutilised rehabilitation services in SB care in Zambia, offering recommendations to improve referral systems, decentralise specialist care and strengthen multidisciplinary frameworks for equitable healthcare access and better outcomes.
Precarious employment, job engagement and workers’ quit intention in Chinese firms in Zimbabwe
Authors: Rugotwi Sharon T. , Mashavira Nhamo , Chikove Munyaradzi , Matenda Frank R. , Sibanda Mabutho
Published: February 2025

Orientation: Chinese-owned businesses in Zimbabwe are affected by high labour turnover. High labour turnover in these businesses reduces productivity, causes low employee morale, and augments recruitment and training costs.Research purpose: The study assesses the association between precarious employment, job engagement and employees’ intention to quit in Chinese-owned businesses considering the Midlands Province in Zimbabwe as a case study.Motivation for the study: There is limited literature on the connection between precarious employment, job engagement and employees’ intention to quit in Chinese-owned businesses.Research approach/design and method: This assessment is quantitative. Employing the Employment Precariousness Scale, Utrecht Work Engagement Scale and employees’ intention to quit scale, the data implemented in this study were collected from 211 workers employed by Chinese-owned businesses. Structural equation modelling was adopted to examine the connection between precarious employment, job engagement and employees’ intention to quit and to test the structural model.Main findings: The study results indicate that precarious employment is negatively connected to job engagement, job engagement is negatively connected to employees’ intention to quit and precarious employment positively influences employees’ intention to quit.Practical/managerial implications: Precarious employment, job engagement and employees’ intention to quit are linked. Interventions and strategies are required to address these issues.Contribution/value-add: This assessment adds a voice to the existing discourse by illuminating the connection between precarious employment, job engagement and employees’ intention to quit.
Non-Randomised Placebo-Controlled Trial on Functional Outcome of Intra-Articular Injection of Allogenic Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) in Patients with Early Osteoarthritis (OA) Knees
Authors: Chitten Jojin Jose , Kembhavi Raghavendra , James Boblee
Published: February 2025

Background:

The advanced stage of knee osteoarthritis (OA) is disabling for the patients; hence, it is essential to control the degenerative process at the earliest. None of the current nonoperative treatment options except platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been reported to halt the pathology and have more than a short-term relief. After realizing the regenerative potential of the PRP, there have been numerous studies on autologous PRP in OA knee; however, the outcomes have been contradicting among these. Hence, we wanted to evaluate the outcome of allogenic PRP in mild-to-moderate stages of knee OA with active synovitis, which do not respond to other conservative measures of treatment.

Methodology:

A non-randomized placebo-controlled trial was conducted in a tertiary care hospital between the years 2017 and 2018 for 1 year. We selected both male and female patients with symptomatic bilateral primary OA of knees with symmetrical radiological findings as per Kellgren–Lawrence grading 0–III with a minimum duration of symptoms of 6 weeks who were not responding to oral anti-inflammatory medications and physiotherapy. All the patients were evaluated using Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) scores before PRP injection, then during follow-ups at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months and 18 months post injection.

Results:

A total of 30 patients were included in this study of which five were males and 25 were females. The median age of OA patients was 60.0 years (Interquartile range = 53.7–66.5 years). We selected patients with bilateral symmetrical Kellegren–Lawrence grading with synovitis phenotype; 6 patients with grade 1 OA, 16 with grade 2 OA, and 9 patients with grade 3 OA. The WOMAC scores for pain and stiffness were significantly higher in the test knees compared to the controls at baseline. In the test knees, both the scores showed a serial reduction till 6 months after the injection. Thereafter, the scores began to gradually worsen. However, at 18 months follow-up the pain score was still significantly lower than the baseline.

Conclusion:

Allogenic PRP is safe and effective in selected patients with mild-to-moderate OA knee of synovitis/inflammatory phenotype in terms of pain relief and stiffness, especially in the first 6 months post injection. These effects continued till the end of 12 months for stiffness and 18 months for pain.
Evaluation of Septoplasty Based on Acoustic Rhinometry Parameters in Indian Population
Authors: Jerath Varun , Kumar Dheeraj , Swami Himanshu , Singh S. K. , Gupta Vikas , Chugh Rajeev , Kumari Abha
Published: February 2025

Aims:

This study aims to assess the post operative outcome of septoplasty based on established subjective score (Visual analogue score (VAS) and objective score (Acoustic rhinometry parameters). It also correlates the relationship between the two scoring system.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective intervention observational study was carried out from July 2022 to December 2023 at a tertiary care ENT center. It included 50 cases of deviated nasal septum undergoing septoplasty. Diagnosis was made using detailed history and diagnostic nasal endoscopy by a qualified ENT surgeon. Each patient was evaluated by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for obtaining subjective parameters and acoustic rhinometry for objective nasal parameters (minimal cross-sectional area at first 2 cm [MCA1] in cm2, minimal cross sectional area at 2–5 cm (MCA2) in cm2, nasal cavity volume at first 2 cm [VOL 1] in cm3, nasal cavity volume at 2–5 cm [VOL 2] in cm3), preoperatively and at interval of 1 week, 1 month, and 3-month postoperatively.

Results:

Post septoplasty, no significant changes in VAS scores or acoustic rhinometry parameters were observed at 1 week. Significant improvements in VAS scores were noted at 1 and 3 months. MCA1 and MCA2 significantly improved at these intervals, with a negative correlation between VAS and MCA, but no significant changes in volume measurements.

Conclusion:

We observed a trend in change in minimal cross sectional area values at 1 and 3 months postoperative with no significant corresponding changes in nasal volume. This change correlated with established subjective parameter VAS score and validates AR as a reliable assessment tool. . It emphasizes the functional nature of the Septoplasty surgery with preservation of nasal anatomy. We also recommend that AR can be used to assess and track the outcome of septoplasty.
Comprehensive Genome Analysis of Planococcus sp. S3-L1 Isolated from Horseshoe Island in Antarctica Reveals Its Biotechnological Potential
Authors: Ay Hilal , Sahin Sibel Melisa , Duman Muhammed , Ajmi Nihed , Saticioglu Izzet Burcin
Published: February 2025

This study explores the biotechnological potential of Planococcus strain S3-L1, isolated from Horseshoe Island in Antarctica during the 6th Turkish Antarctic Expedition in 2022. Marine bacteria inhabiting polar environments play essential roles in ecosystem dynamics and biogeochemical cycles, largely due to their unique adaptations. The Planococcus genus, noted for its halotolerance and ability to thrive in cold environments, has garnered interest for its capability to produce bioactive metabolites, support bioremediation, and facilitate various industrial processes. In this research, Planococcus sp. S3-L1 was isolated and underwent 16S rRNA and wholegenome analysis, revealing a close genetic affinity with Planococcus kocurii and Planococcus faecalis. Genomic analysis identified genes responsible for carotenoid pigment production and aromatic compound degradation, underscoring its potential in environmental remediation and low-temperature pigment production. Furthermore, quorum-quenching enzymes suggest that S3-L1 could serve as an antimicrobial agent. These findings show that Planococcus sp. S3-L1 is a promising candidate for biotechnological applications, particularly within polar marine environments, where its cold adaptation and metabolic diversity offer potential benefits in aquaculture, bioremediation, and the synthesis of commercially valuable compounds.
Imaging evaluation of periprosthetic loosening: A primer for the general radiologist
Authors: Shet Sahil S , Kakish Eid , Murphy Stephen Christopher , Roopnarinesingh Ryan , Power Stephen P , Maher Michael M , Ryan David J
Published: February 2025

In response to an ageing global population, the primary hip and knee arthroplasty rate continues to increase. Although an effective treatment, up to 25% patients may require revision arthroplasty during their lifetime, commonly due to periprosthetic loosening. Revision procedures are associated with significantly increased healthcare costs; therefore, timely and accurate diagnostics are critical for clinicians and patients. Loosening, which may be septic or aseptic, remains a challenge and requires thorough clinical examination and multimodal imaging evaluation. Plain radiographs remain an essential diagnostic tool but advanced imaging modalities such as computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and nuclear medicine are playing an increasingly important role. This comprehensive review, through outlining the available radiological modalities, their respective strengths and weaknesses and the pertinent imaging findings, may help radiologists and orthopaedic surgeons make more informed decisions in the management of periprosthetic loosening.
Renal angiomyolipomas: Typical and atypical features on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Labra Andres , Schiappacasse Giancarlo , Constenla Diego , Cristi Joaquin
Published: February 2025

Angiomyolipomas (AMLs) represent the most common benign solid renal tumors. The frequency of their detection in the general population is increasing owing to advances in imaging technology. The objective of this review is to discuss computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging findings for both typical and atypical renal AMLs, along with their associated complications. AMLs are typically defined as solid triphasic tumors composed of varying amounts of dysmorphic and tortuous blood vessels, smooth muscle components and adipose tissue. In an adult, a classical renal AML appears as a solid, heterogeneous renal cortical mass with macroscopic fat. However, up to 5% of AMLs contain minimal fat and cannot be reliably diagnosed by imaging. Fat-poor AMLs can appear as hyperattenuating masses on unenhanced CT and as hypointense masses on T2WI; other AMLs may be isodense or exhibit cystic components. Hemorrhage is the most common complication, and AMLs with hemorrhage can mimic other tumors, making their diagnosis challenging. Understanding the variable and heterogeneous nature of this neoplasm to correctly classify renal AMLs and to avoid misdiagnosis of other renal lesions is crucial.
Playing Stochastically in Weighted Timed Games to Emulate Memory
Authors: Monmege Benjamin , Parreaux Julie , Reynier Pierre-Alain
Published: February 2025

Weighted timed games are two-player zero-sum games played in a timed automaton equipped with integer weights. We consider optimal reachability objectives, in which one of the players, that we call Min, wants to reach a target location while minimising the cumulated weight. While knowing if Min has a strategy to guarantee a value lower than a given threshold is known to be undecidable (with two or more clocks), several conditions, one of them being divergence, have been given to recover decidability. In such weighted timed games (like in untimed weighted games in the presence of negative weights), Min may need finite memory to play (close to) optimally. This is thus tempting to try to emulate this finite memory with other strategic capabilities. In this work, we allow the players to use stochastic decisions, both in the choice of transitions and of timing delays. We give a definition of the expected value in weighted timed games. We then show that, in divergent weighted timed games as well as in (untimed) weighted games (that we call shortest-path games in the following), the stochastic value is indeed equal to the classical (deterministic) value, thus proving that Min can guarantee the same value while only using stochastic choices, and no memory.
Algebraic thinking in Elementary School: the perception of regularities and relational thinking
Authors: Freitas Matheus Duellberg Aniceto de , Martins Priscila Bernardo
Published: February 2025

With this study, we proposed to map and discuss the Brazilian academic research that has as its object of study the development of Algebraic Thinking in Elementary School in the interstice from 2017 to 2023. The methodological approach employed is qualitative, of the mapping typology. The results reveal a growing body of research involving algebraic thinking in the context of the initial and continuing training of teachers who will teach and who teach mathematics in Elementary School, so further analysis of future research is needed to try to identify these realities, perhaps looking at the curricular components studied in the initial training courses and the profile of this teacher who will arrive at the school and also the courses offered to teachers who have already joined a school unit.