bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the regional economic security by the efficiency of public procurement
Authors: Kravchenko V.V. , Kudryavtseva T.Yu.
Published: November 2020

Subject. In Russia, public procurement serves as a mechanism for the government to regulate the economy. Currently, there are diverse views on its efficiency. However, neither efficiency evaluation methods shed the light on the relationship of important indicators, such as competition and economy, which shape the regional economic security. Objectives. We herein evaluate the competition and budgetary savings, assessing metrics of the average number of participants and a median drop in the price for a purchase in the region with reference to the regional economic security. Methods. The study relies upon general scientific and mathematical-statistical methods. Results. A growth in the average number of participants per a purchase is showed to have a positive impact on the median drop in the price, that is, the competition contributes to savings. Based on Tenderplan data, the Russian regions were dynamically analyzed from 2014 through 2018 in terms of public procurement efficiency. There are sustainably well-being regions and those that threaten to the economic security or simply demonstrating inefficient operations. Conclusions. Controllers of public procurement in regions should especially monitor suspicious regions, thus contributing to possible improvements in the area. The findings will help further research to evaluate the relationship of public procurement indicators and find ways for regulating them.
Transforming the world order amid the emerging multipolarity: Evidence from the African continent
Authors: Chernysheva A.M.
Published: November 2020

Subject. As the world becomes more multipolar, global leaders change their approaches to capture the areas they dominate. Currently, advocates of the Western and Eastern models clash, with the latter demonstrating a greater efficiency.
Objectives. I examine the foreign trade of the countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, including South Africa, assuming that the region's countries are teetering on the edge of the Western and Eastern approaches to determining the domination area of the leading country.
Methods. The study is based on the systems approach, comparative and statistical methods for reviewing exports and imports of Sub-Saharan Africa, illustrating the case of South Africa.
Results. As the global economy currently develops, the multipolar world and its emergence are showed to gain momentum, with Sub-Saharan Africa actively diversifying their foreign trade. I mention the way the USA, EU, China, India and Russia influence the region and evaluate development trends in south Africa's exports and imports, setting their further development trend. Notwithstanding the noticeable impact of the USA, Sub-Saharan Africa establish regional alliances and tend to follow the course of other States, with China becoming increasingly important.
Conclusions and Relevance. Transforming the world order into the multipolar format, the third-world countries should diversify their foreign trade, following multiple vectors in their economic policy, thus ensuring their own economic security and an opportunity to raise their significance regionally and internationally.
Establishing knowledge-based and digital cooperation between small and medium-sized businesses, science and the State through a cluster approach
Authors: Ivanchenko A.V. , Mezentseva E.S.
Published: November 2020

Subject. This article discusses the issues of innovative and digital development of the economy.
Objectives. The article aims to justify the benefits of cluster cooperation and networking between different structures.
Methods. For the study, we used systems, logical, structural, and comparative analyses, generalization and statistical methods, and the cluster-network and institutional approaches.
Results. The article substantiates the role and position of small business in the innovation development of the Sverdlovsk Oblast and identifies trends of innovation and digital advancement.
Conclusions. The cluster theory, supplemented with the Triple Helix concept, can be a basis for rationale for effective ways of integrating economic agents. Small innovative business has significant potential for sustainability, but it needs additional financial support from the State.
Social Media Marketing as a tool to promote regional investment web portals in the information environment
Authors: Sokolenko Ya.Yu.
Published: November 2020

Subject. This article focuses on the investment web portal as a necessary communication tool and a way to govern the investment attractiveness of the region.
Objectives. The article aims to conduct a comprehensive study of the problem of promoting regional investment web portals in the information environment.
Methods. For the study, I used the methods of logical and statistical analyses, induction and deduction, comparison, and generalization.
Results. The article describes the advantages of Internet portals of investment projects and the peculiarities of using Social Media Marketing (SMM) within public structures. It highlights the function of social networks in the process of interacting with the audience.
Conclusions. Social Media Marketing is an integral tool for engaging with the investment community and one of the most effective ways to promote a regional investment web portal. The presented original methodology can be used by regional investment portals to analyze interaction with the audience and design a development strategy.
Vaping Induced Pathological Changes In The Lung Comparing With Imaging Finding-A Case Report Study
Authors:   Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, R Bhuyan Rashmi
Published: November 2020

Vaping Associated Pulmonary Injury (VAPI) is a group of respiratory symptoms like shortness of breath and tachypnea and, oftentimes, it is associated with non-specific symptoms like generalized fatigue, body ache, fever, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting and chills. This entity has been previously categorized as a diagnosis of exclusion and best described as an exogenous lipoid pneumonia, or chemical pneumonitis. Exogenous lipoid pneumonia has characteristic finding in histology where inhaled fatty substances are recognized with special stain versus endogenous lipoid pneumonia, which is due to airway obstruction giving histology look of cholesterol crystals and accumulated debris. Here we describe the onset of an exogenous cause of lipoid pneumonia in an otherwise healthy patient using cannabis-containing products. We explore, similarities in the clinical case, identify common clinical features, characteristic radiologic findings along with cytological changes in the lungs.
Faktor − Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Gagal Napas pada Pasien PPOK Eksaserbasi Akut di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang
Authors: Anggraeni Mirtha , Russilawati Russilawati , Ermayanti Sabrina
Published: November 2020

Latar Belakang. Eksaserbasi akut pada pasien PPOK menjadi faktor risiko untuk kejadian gagal napas. Pasien PPOK eksaserbasi akut dengan gagal napas memiliki status kesehatan yang lebih buruk dan morbiditas yang lebih tinggi.
Objektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian gagal napas pada pasien PPOK eksaserbasi akut di RSUP Dr M Djamil Padang.
Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus kontrol menggunakan data sekunder dari rekam medis RSUP Dr M Djamil Padang periode Januari 2016 - Desember 2017. Penelitian ini melibatkan 53 subjek pada masing-masing kelompok kasus (gagal napas) dan kelompok kontrol (tanpa gagal napas). Analisis data menggunakan analisis x2.
Hasil. Karakteristik kelompok kasus dan kontrol tidak memiliki perbedaan yang bermakna, yang terdiri dari jenis kelamin (p=1,000), usia (p=0,804), status merokok (p=0,127), dan derajat merokok (p=0,942). Riwayat eksaserbasi akut ≥1 kali dalam satu tahun sebelumnya lebih banyak pada kelompok kasus dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol (86,8% vs 67,9%; p=0,037; OR = 3,103;95% CI = 1,162-8,288). Kelompok kasus lebih banyak yang meninggal dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol (50,9% vs 3,8%; p=0,000). Faktor risiko independen yang dianalisa adalah status merokok (p=0,974; OR=0,981), riwayat eksaserbasi (p=0,007; OR=4,169), dan terapi rumatan (p=0,024; OR=0,359).
Kesimpulan. Riwayat eksaserbasi dalam satu tahun sebelumnya pada pasien PPOK eksaserbasi akut merupakan faktor risiko independen terjadinya gagal napas. Hasil luaran pada kelompok kasus lebih buruk dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol.
Kata kunci: gagal napas, PPOK eksaserbasi akut, riwayat eksaserbasi dalam satu tahun sebelumnya
Perbandingan Persentase Eliminasi Bakteri pada Cuci Tangan Enam Langkah dan Empat Langkah
Authors: Rizkia Annisa Widi , Putra Andani Eka , Nurhayati Nurhayati
Published: November 2020

Latar Belakang. Salah satu tahap kewaspadaan standar yang efektif dalam pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi terkait pelayanan kesehatan yang tercantum dalam PERMENKES RI no. 27 tahun 2017 ialah mencuci tangan. Mencuci tangan dapat mengurangi bakteri sampai 90%. Sampai saat ini, cuci tangan 6 langkah sesuai standar WHO merupakan metode yang paling efektif dalam mengeliminasi mikroorganisme pada tangan.
Objektif. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk membandingkan keefektifan dari metode 6 langkah yang merupakan metode mencuci tangan sesuai standar WHO dibandingkan dengan metode 4 langkah yang merupakan modifikasi peneliti terhadap standar WHO.
Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan posttest and pretest control group design terhadap 12 orang subjek penelitian yang merupakan mahasiswa/i FK UNAND angkatan 2015. Subjek penelitian dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok: kelompok yang mencuci tangan menggunakan 6 langkah dan 4 langkah. Sampel yang diambil pada 3 area di tangan setiap subjek tersebut.
Hasil. Dari penelitian ini diperoleh hasil bahwa rata-rata persentase eliminasi bakteri Bacillus sp. adalah lebih dari 80% pada kedua kelompok. Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p>0,05) pada kedua kelompok perlakuan.  Namun, hasil rata-rata persentase eliminasi keseluruhan bakteri pada tangan  menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,05) antar kelompok, dimana kelompok yang mencuci tangan menggunakan metode 6 langkah (>75%)  lebih tinggi persentase eliminasi bakteri dibandingkan dengan  4 langkah (<45%).
Kesimpulan. Tidak terdapatnya perbedaan persentase eliminasi bakteri Bacillus sp. pada mencuci tangan 6 langkah dan 4 langkah. Namun, terdapat perbedaan persentase eliminasi bakteri secara keseluruhan pada mencuci tangan 6 langkah dan 4 langkah.
Peran Peran Selenium pada Diare Akut
Authors: Nolitriani Nolitriani , Jurnalis Yusri Dianne , Sayoeti Yorva
Published: November 2020

Diare cair akut merupakan salah satu manifestasi gangguan fungsi saluran cerna. Umumnya episode diare adalah akut, bila berlangsung lebih dari 14 hari disebut diare persisten. Diare masih merupakan penyebab kematian utama pada bayi dan anak di Indonesia. Menurut Riset Kesehatan Dasar yang diselenggarakan Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, berdasarkan penyakit menular, diare menempati urutan ketiga setelah tuberkulosis dan pneumonia. Di Indonesia, dilaporkan tiap anak mengalami diare sebanyak 411 per 1000 episode per tahun dengan angka kesakitan dan kematian masih tetap tinggi. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penanganan yang komprehensif dan rasional. Penelitian mendapatkan bahwa defisiensi mikronutrien tertentu dapat berhubungan dengan penyakit diare. Penelitian mengenai zink telah banyak diketahui, namun hanya sedikit penelitian tentang mikronutrien yang lain seperti selenium yang diduga juga terlibat dalam proses diare akut.
Penyakit gastrointestinal dinilai sebagai suatu stress oksidatif. Selenium yang mengandung enzim gastrointestinal glutathione peroxidase (GPx2/ GPx GI) yang paling banyak ditemukan dalam mukosa epitel traktus gastrointestinal. Pada diare terjadi defisiensi selenium yang dapat meningkatkan stress oksidatif dan menurunkan differensiasi dan proliferasi sel T dan menurunkan toksisitas limfosit T. Hal ini memunculkan hipotesis bahwa selenium memegang peranan dalam proses penyembuhan diare akut.
Karakteristik Penderita Tumor Mediastinum di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil, Padang periode 2015-2019
Authors: Hardinur Nur Izzah Atirah , Ellyanti Aisyah , Rofinda Zelly Dia
Published: November 2020

Tumor mediastinum merupakan salah satu kelainan di rongga mediastinum dengan berbagai spektrum klinis dan jenis histopatologi. Di Indonesia masih sedikit penelitian dan literatur mengenai tumor mediastinum. Khususnya di Padang, masih kekurangan karakteristik epidemiologi, klinis, dan karakteristik histopatologi dari tumor mediastinum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik dari tumor mediastinum di RSUP Dr. M. DJamil Padang.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif observasional dengan desain cross sectional. Data penelitian didapatkan dari rekam medis yang memenuhi kriteria sampel periode 2015 – 2019. Kriteria inklusi dari penelitian ini adalah seluruh rekam medis pasien dengan diagnosis klinis tumor mediastinum, dan kriteria eksklusinya adalah tidak lengkap umur dan jenis kelamin pasien, status merokok, lokasi tumor, gambaran klinis, serta jenis histopatologi tumor. Hasil penelitian dikelompokkan dalam tabel distribusi frekuensi.
Hasil penelitian didapatkan 40 sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Pasien tumor mediastinum kebanyakan berusia 51-60 tahun (27,5%), berjenis kelamin laki-laki (55%) dan hampir separuh pasien memiliki riwayat merokok (47,5%). Lokasi massa terbanyak pada kompartemen anterior. Pasien umumnya datang dengan keluhan sesak napas (82,5%), diikuti oleh batuk, nyeri dada dan penurunan berat badan. Jenis tumor mediastinum yang paling sering terjadi adalah tumor timus (42,5%). Kematian saat perawatan di rumah sakit mencapai 7,5%.
Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini adalah tumor mediastinum lebih banyak terjadi pada pasien di atas umur 51 tahun, berjenis kelamin laki-laki, dengan tumor timus sebagai jenis histopatologi yang paling umum.
 
Kata kunci : karakteristik; tumor mediastinum; mediastinum.
Examining the association between dust and sediment and evaluating the impact of climate change on dust and providing adaptation
Authors:   Department of Water Resource Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston St., B152TT, UK, Javadinejad Safieh , Dara Rebwar ,   Department of Water Resource Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston St., B152TT, UK, Jafary Forough ,   Department of Water Resource Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston St., B152TT, UK
Published: November 2020

In this research, the catchment area of the Karkheh River has been investigated in order to investigate the relationship between the sediment and the effect of climate change on the phenomenon of microstrip. In the first step, to determine the relationship between the grains and sediments, it is necessary to determine the origin of sedimentation and its gradation. Accordingly, some sediment samples were taken from the river bed. Sediment aggregate size measurement is an important tool for studying its origin. Currently, for statistical purposes, many samples are used, but these methods are time-consuming and difficult. The size of the sediment in the study of origin, and its relationship with the micro-organisms, is an important factor. Therefore, the use of modern methods is essential. In the present study, the data of the sediment samples were introduced into the acetate gradient (statistical analysis program) to determine the texture and granulation of the sediment. The results showed that sand gravel texture is. Then sampling and testing on the microscopes showed that they are also of sandy origin, so it can be assumed that abrupt grafting of microspheres after sediment can cause sediment in the river. In addition, in order to investigate the effect of climate change on the micrographs, the relationship between three climatic parameters including rainfall, minima and relative humidity with the number of days with a rigorous refreshment for two years of 2015 and 2016 were analyzed. The results showed that, with increasing temperature and decreasing precipitation and relative humidity, the number of days with the coarse cutter increases, and as a result, it can be caused by sedimentation as part of sedimentation in the river.
Biaxial testing of metal samples on testing machines with one load axis
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Vansovich K. A. , Yadrov V. I. ,   Omsk State Technical University
Published: November 2020

The necessity of experimental studies to assess the growth rate of fatigue cracks under biaxial loading is substantiated. An overview of testing machines for biaxial testing of metal samples, devices and fixtures used to ensure biaxial loading is made. An original device for distributing the vertical force of the testing machine along two axes of a cruciform sample is described
Features of circuitry of acousto-optic laser measuring systems for controlling three-coordinate (3D) movements of products and equipment elements. Part 1
Authors:   Lavochkin Association, Leun E. V.
Published: November 2020

The article is devoted to the construction of acousto-optic (AO) laser measuring systems (LMS) for measuring product displacements in three coordinates (3D): with one longitudinal Δl z and two transverse Δl x , Δl y with high resolution and an increased measurement range for the latter two. The paper discusses the circuitry of the measuring circuit based on the phase-locked loop (PLL) system, which makes it possible to achieve the maximum resolution when the AO LMS operates in the start-stop mode, i.e. starting and ending with a stationary state at v=0. The paper considers the possibilities of using a prismatic optical scheme, which makes it possible to use a one-axis (1D) AO modulator to control two-coordinate (2D) displacements Δl x , Δl y of a laser beam, a multi-aperture AO modulator, a fiber photodetector and other units
Gas sensing response of metal oxide layers based on Cox Oy with lithium ions
Authors:   Omsk Scientific Center of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Stenkin Yu. A. , Sokolov D. V. ,   Omsk Scientific Center of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ivlev K. E. ,   Omsk Scientific Center of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: November 2020

The gas response of layers based on lithium-doped cobalt oxides with different Li2 O/Cox Oy ratios is investigated. The synthesis conditions of oxide composites and the structural analysis of the obtained layers by scanning electron microscopy are presented. It is found that composites with the ratio of the initial components 1:1 have selectivity to formaldehyde, and with the ratio 3:2 — to nitrogen dioxide
Determination of chemical composition on internal surfaces of hollow reinforced concrete structures under the influence of corrosion
Authors:   Omsk State Transport University, Bryukhova A. S.
Published: November 2020

The paper presents the results of experimental studies on the determination of corrosion products on the surface of reinforced concrete structures. Methods for creating samples with artificial electrocorrosion under conditions close to real operation are discussed. The results of testing samples with different degrees of corrosion using laser-spark emission spectrometry (LIBS) devices are presented. The test is carried out on two different devices, a LIBS setup and a portable American-made laser analyzer LIBZ-300pe
Improvement of the technology of flame arrester manufacturing
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Pantyukhova K. N. , Bourgonova O. Yu. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Filippov Yu. O. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Ulyasheva G. P. ,   Research and production association «Electrotochpribor»
Published: November 2020

When mining hard coal the underground method is prevailed. This method provides a higher quality of the mineral. Methane emissions occur in coal mines during the development of gasbearing seams. These emissions are the reason for the formation of an explosive mixture when mixed with mine air, and also contribute to the spontaneous combustion of coal. Methane alarms are used to monitor the mine atmosphere. Thermocatalytic sensor is the main element of such a gas analyzer. The sensor is placed in a breathable housing. This body is called a flame arrester. This article discusses the possibility of replacing the material used for the manufacture of a flame arrester. The basis of the existing material is nickel powder. It is proposed to replace it with a cermet bond. The composition of the ceramic material of the part is developed by the author and presented in the article. Replacement of material will lead to a significant reduction in the cost of the part and simplification of the manufacturing technology
Features of nickel alloy structure, conditions for crystallization and isolation of main and redundant phases during modification
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Filippov Yu. O. , Eremin E. N. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Sedykh D. A. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Kropotin O. V. ,   Omsk State Technical University
Published: November 2020

The influence of modification of heat-resistant nickel-based alloys on the crystallization kinetics of alloys was established by the methods of thermal analysis. This effect is expressed in the increase in solidus temperature and, as a consequence, narrowing the crystallization range of the alloy, the increase in the growth rate of a solid solution, and change in the temperature of precipitation of eutectic and strengthening phases. As a result, the use of modification with refractory particles makes it possible to exert an additional effect on the structure and properties of nickel-based alloys without additional heat treatment
Experimental studies of the method of mutual load of induction motors
Authors:   Omsk State Transport University, Kharlamov V. V. , Popov D. I. ,   Omsk State Transport University, Sokolov P. S. ,   Omsk State Transport University, Serkova L. E. ,   Omsk State Transport University
Published: November 2020

The article presents the results of comparison of experimental studies and mathematical modeling of the stand for testing induction motors by the method of mutual load. A detailed description of the composition of the experimental equipment, which is based on a pair of frequency converters and connected to them a pair of engines of the АИС71В4 type with a nominal power of 0,75 kW, the shafts of which are rigidly connected by a coupling. The mathematical model of the electromechanical system used in the calculations is presented, and its main assumptions are listed. A table of parameter values and graphs obtained from calculated and experimental data are presented. The analysis of the obtained data shows the possibility of using the considered mathematical model with the existing assumptions in the design of electrical complexes intended for testing induction motors by the method of mutual load
Adaptive optimal control of prosumer energy storage system with renewable energy sources
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Antonenkov D. V. , Manusov V. Z. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Matrenin P. V. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Kiushkina V. R. ,   Technical Institute of the M. K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University
Published: November 2020

The prosumer can use energy storage to enhance the benefits of electricity trading by transferring buy and sell points. Improving energy efficiency is not considered from the standpoint of the entire system, but from an individual prosumer and in conditions of difficult-to-predict wind power generation. This work aims to optimize the prosumer’s electrical complex by developing a method for adapting the base of heuristic rules of the prosumer control to its parameters and climatic conditions. A method for adaptation control rules using swarm intelligence algorithms is proposed. The computer simulation has shown that the use of swarm algorithms makes it possible to increase the economic efficiency of managing the prosumer’s energy storage system by 2–4 times compared to the control rules manually constructed by an expert. It is shown that the proposed method makes it possible to automate the construction of the base of control rules
Gas-sensitive properties of individual carbon nanotubes modified by ion and electron irradiation
Authors:   Omsk Scientific Center of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Davletkildeev N. A.
Published: November 2020

The time characteristics of resistance change of individual nitrogen-doped multi-walled carbon nanotubes (N-MWCNTs), initial and irradiated with electrons, protons and argon ions has been measured upon exposure to ammonia and nitrogen dioxide. It is found that the initial N-MWCNTs have n-type conductivity, N-MWCNTs irradiated with protons and argon ions have p-type conductivity, and those irradiated with electrons have n-type conductivity. The relative gas sensitivity of individual N-MWCNTs, initial and irradiated with ions and electrons, has been determined
Modifikasi Metode Analisis Daya Hambat terhadap Proses Denaturasi Protein yang Diinduksi oleh Panas
Authors: Rusli Zaldy , Setiani Lusi Agus
Published: November 2020

Sebagian besar protein akan mengalami denaturasi yang lambat pada suhu tubuh, dapat terjadi dalam waktu setengah hari atau bahkan tahun. Proses denaturasi protein dapat diinduksi oleh panas sehingga akan terjadi perubahan struktur dari protein dan mengakibatkan perubahan peran biologis dari protein tersebut yang dapat berdampak bagi kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari metode yang dimodifikasi untuk digunakan dalam menganalisis daya hambat suatu bahan terhadap proses denaturasi protein yang diinduksi oleh panas. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode analisis penghambatan proses denaturasi protein secara in vitro. Protein dikondisikan pada suhu tubuh (37 °C) yang dilanjutkan dengan menginduksi protein menggunakan panas pada suhu 70 °C. Modifikasi dilakukan dengan menambahkan suatu kontrol tanpa perlakuan, reagen uji protein serta persamaan yang digunakan untuk menentukan konsentrasi penghambatan denaturasi 50% protein (IC50). Analisis dilakukan dengan mengukur serapan menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa konsentrasi dari natrium diklofenak dan ekstrak air daun afrika (Vernonia amygdalina) dengan menggunakan parameter IC50 diperoleh hasil berturut-turut adalah 520,80mg/L dan 3.751,88 mg/L. Metode ini dapat digunakan untuk menentukan daya hambat proses denaturasi protein, tetapi masih memerlukan pengembangan lebih lanjut, agar diperoleh suatu metode yang memiliki tingkat akurasi dan presisi yang baik.
Modern information retrieval capabilities Information and methodological guide for ophthalmologists
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Karpova D. V. , Sorokin E. L. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Kolenko O. V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Specialists, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: November 2020

The manual is designed for a wide range of researchers: as young doctors, and mature researchers, primarily in the field of "ophthalmology".
Water vapor resistance measured on sweating thermal manikin and Permetest skin model in the vertical orientation
Authors: Fung Frederick , Gao Chuansi , Hes Lubos , Bajzik Vladimir
Published: November 2020

This paper is a comparison of water vapor resistance (Ret) measured using the Permetest skin model and Tore sweating thermal manikin, i.e. 2D versus 3D methods; and to study the relationship between them. Three materials and five air gap distances were used for the measurement between these two devices, the test conditions in the climatic chambers were set up according to the ISO standard of each measurement method. Results of the correlation coefficient of three materials showed that they all had a strong increasing trend between Permetest and the sweating thermal manikin. From the regression analysis, the P-value of all three materials showed that P< 0.05 and 100% cotton R2=0.83, 50% cotton 50% polyester R2=0.91, 100% polyester R2=0.99. However, Ret resulting values from each device slowed down after 12mm air gap distance.
Enhanced Photocatalytic Activation of Methane C-H Bond by Incorporate Cerium into ETS-10
Authors: Cao Yang
Published: November 2020

Ce-ETS-10 was prepared and their ability on photocatalysis coupling of methane has been studied in detail. Ce modification enhanced the photocatalysis performance of ETS-10 on methane conversion reaction, and the methane conversion can be carried out under irradiation of visible light. To study the various rare earth modification to ETS-10, various rare earth elements were introduced to ETS-10 molecular sieve, and the relative photocatalytic methane conversion performance were studied. Various characterizations were applied to examine rare earth modification behavior. The SPS results show that the Cerium modification induce visible light photovoltage, which means the strong electron-hole separation which enhance the photocatalytic performance. The charge-hole separation is non-traditional n-n heterojunction for the charge-hole separation is highly oriented and efficient at atomic scale. This mechanism shows significant enhancement for methane conversion reaction.
CLB18: A New Structural Database with Unusual Carbon–Carbon Long Bonds
Authors: Morgante Pierpaolo , Peverati Roberto
Published: November 2020

In this Letter, we introduce a new database called carbon long bond 18 (CLB18), composed of 18 structures with one long C–C bond. We use this new database to evaluate the performance of several low-cost methods commonly used for geometry optimization of medium and large molecules. We found that the long bonds in CLB18 are electronically different from those found in barrier heights databases. We also report the unexpected correlation between the results of CLB18 and those of the energetics of spin states in transition-metal complexes. Given this unique property, CLB18 can be a useful tool for assessing existing electronic structure calculation methods and developing new ones.
Turning on Light Emission of a Dark Pro-AIEgen in Aqueous Media through Reductase-Modulated Derotation
Authors: Xu Changhuo , zou hang , zhao zheng , Zheng Zheng , Tsz Kin Kwok Ryan , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Sung Herman H.-Y. , williams ian duncan , Zheng Lei , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: November 2020

The development of dark pro-AIEgens based on solid-state intramolecular motion-caused quenching effect has been rarely reported in biochemical analysis. Herein, an azo-conjugated pro-AIEgen derived from tetraphenylethene is constructed. Owing to the active photoisomerization of the azo bond, it retains a non-emissive property in both solution and solid forms. The obtained pro-AIEgen can be internalized by living cells and undergo reductase-modulated derotation under hypoxia to emit the light. It shows increasing fluorescence when intracellular oxygen concentration becomes lower, making it a potential probe to sense the hypoxic environment. The present probe can also visualize the hypoxic environment created by photodynamic therapy treatment.
Comparative Study of Deep Generative Models on Chemical Space Coverage
Authors: Zhang Jie , Mercado Rocío , Engkvist Ola , Chen Hongming
Published: November 2020

In recent years, deep molecular generative models have emerged as novel methods for de novo molecular design. Thanks to the rapid advance of deep learning techniques, deep learning architectures such as recurrent neural networks, generative autoencoders, and adversarial networks, to give a few examples, have been employed for constructing generative models. However, so far the metrics used to evaluate these deep generative models are not discriminative enough to separate the performance of various state-of-the-art generative models. This work presents a novel metric for evaluating deep molecular generative models; this new metric is based on the chemical space coverage of a reference database, and compares not only the molecular structures, but also the ring systems and functional groups, reproduced from a reference dataset of 1M structures. In this study, the performance of 7 different molecular generative models was compared by calculating their structure and substructure coverage of the GDB-13 database while using a 1M subset of GDB-13 for training. Our study shows that the performance of various generative models varies significantly using the benchmarking metrics introduced herein, such that generalization capability of the generative model can be clearly differentiated. Additionally, the coverage of ring systems and functional groups existing in GDB-13 was also compared between the models. Our study provides a useful new metric that can be used for evaluating and comparing generative models.
Kinetics and Pathways of the Aqueous Photolysis of Pharmaceutical Pollutants: A Versatile Laboratory or Remote Learning Investigation
Authors: Buth Jeffrey M. , Ossola Rachele , Partanen Sarah B. , McNeill Kristopher , Arnold William , O’Connor Meghan , Latch Douglas E.
Published: November 2020

In this laboratory experiment, students explore the aquatic photochemical fate of ranitidine and cimetidine, two common wastewater-derived pharmaceutical pollutants. It provides an engaging environmental context for students to develop knowledge of reaction kinetics and photochemistry, as well as skill using analytical instrumentation. This versatile experiment consists of two basic modules, three optional advanced modules, and additional add-ons that may be performed in various combinations to meet the unique learning objectives of general, analytical, physical, and environmental chemistry courses and science outreach activities. It may be performed as a traditional lab experiment or as an entirely remote exercise with an increased focus on data analysis and interpretation using provided example data sets. All photolysis experiments are carried out by preparing solutions of ranitidine or cimetidine in various matrices, irradiating the samples, and periodically removing subsamples for HPLC analysis of the compound of interest. Pseudo-first-order kinetic plots are then generated to determine rate constants that are used to draw conclusions about photolysis pathways or to calculate additional kinetic parameters. In the two basic modules, cimetidine is found to degrade appreciably only when irradiated in the presence natural organic matter (NOM), indicating an indirect, photosensitized degradation pathway. In contrast, ranitidine degrades in pure buffer and in the presence of NOM with comparable rate constants, highlighting the predominant role of direct photolysis. In the advanced modules, students calculate ranitidine direct photolysis quantum yields and examine the significance of singlet oxygen as a photochemically produced reactive intermediate. The two basic modules may be completed in two three- to five-hour lab periods while the advanced modules require additional time. This experiment requires only a HPLC, inexpensive chemicals, and common glassware and lab equipment if performed in person, and a personal computer if performed remotely.
De Novo Design, Solution Characterization, and Crystallographic Structure of an Abiological Mn-Porphyrin Binding Protein Capable of Stabilizing a Mn(V) Species
Authors: Mann Samuel , Nayak Animesh , Gassner George , Therien Michael , DeGrado William F.
Published: November 2020

De novo protein design offers the opportunity to test our understanding of how metalloproteins perform difficult transformations. Attaining high-resolution structural information is critical to understanding how such designs function. There have been many successes in the design of porphyrin-binding proteins, however crystallographic characterization has been elusive, limiting what can be learned from such studies as well as the extension to new functions. Moreover, formation of highly oxidizing high-valent intermediates poses design challenges that have not been previously implemented: 1) purposeful design of substrate/oxidant access to the binding site and 2) limiting deleterious oxidation of the protein scaffold. Here we report the first crystallographically characterized porphyrin-binding protein that was programmed to not only bind a synthetic Mn-porphyrin but also maintain binding site access to form high-valent oxidation states. We explicitly designed a binding site with accessibility to dioxygen units in the open coordination site of the Mn center. In solution, the protein is capable of accessing a high-valent Mn(V)-oxo species which can transfer an O-atom to a thioether substrate. The crystallographic structure is within 0.6 Å of the design, and indeed contained an aquo ligand with a second water molecule stabilized by hydrogen-bonding to a Gln sidechain in the active site, offering a structural explanation for the observed reactivity.
Population-level Membrane Diversity Triggers Growth and Division of Protocells
Authors: Toparlak Ö. Duhan , Wang Anna , Mansy Sheref
Published: November 2020

To date, multiple mechanisms have been described for the growth and division of model protocells, all of which exploit the cumulative, unidirectional movement of lipids. The aggregate that is more complex grows at the expense of the smaller or less complex aggregate. Imbalances between surface area and volume during growth can generate filamentous vesicles which are typically divided by shear forces. Here we describe another pathway for growth and division that depends simply on differences in composition of fatty acid membranes. Growth is driven by the entropically-favored mixing of lipids between two populations. Division is the result of growth-induced curvature. Importantly, growth and division are cyclic and bidirectional, meaning that vesicles made from one type of lipid, e.g. short-chain fatty acids, grow and divide when fed with vesicles consisting of another type of lipid, e.g. long-chain fatty acids, and vice versa. After equilibration, additional rounds of growth and division are possible through the addition of compositionally distinct vesicles. Since prebiotic synthesis likely gave rise to mixtures of lipids, the data are consistent with the presence of growing and dividing protocells on the prebiotic Earth.
Transfer Learning with Graph Neural Networks for Optoelectronic Properties of Conjugated Oligomers
Authors: Lee Chee Kong , Lu Chengqiang , Yu Yue , Sun Qiming , Hsieh Chang-Yu , Zhang Shengyu , Liu Qi , Shi Liang
Published: November 2020

Despite the remarkable progress of machine learning (ML) techniques in chemistry, modeling the optoelectronic properties of long conjugated oligomers and polymers with ML remains challenging due to the difficulty in obtaining sufficient training data. Here we use transfer learning to address the data scarcity issue by pre-training graph neural networks using data from short oligomers. With only a few hundred training data, we are able to achieve an average error of about 0.1 eV for excited state energy of oligothiophenes against TDDFT calculations. We show that the success of our transfer learning approach relies on the relative locality of low-lying electronic excitations in long conjugated oligomers. Finally, we demonstrate the transferability of our approach by modeling the lowest-lying excited-state energies of poly(3-hexylthiopnene) (P3HT) in its single-crystal and solution phases using the transfer learning models trained with data of gas-phase oligothiophenes. The transfer learning predicted excited-state energy distributions agree quantitatively with TDDFT calculations and capture some important qualitative features observed in experimental absorption spectra.
Unveiling Structural Disorders in Honeycomb Layered Oxide: Na2Ni2TeO6
Authors: Masese Titus , Miyazaki Yoshinobu , Rizell Josef , Kanyolo Godwill Mbiti , Takahashi Teruo , Ito Miyu , Senoh Hiroshi , Saito Tomohiro
Published: November 2020

Honeycomb layered oxides have garnered tremendous research interest in a wide swath of disciplines owing to not only the myriad physicochemical properties they exhibit, but also due to their rich crystal structural versatility. Herein, a comprehensive crystallographic study of a sodium-based Na2Ni2TeO6 honeycomb layered oxide has been performed using atomic-resolution transmission electron microscopy, elucidating a plethora of atomic arrangement (stacking) disorders in the pristine material. Stacking disorders in the arrangement honeycomb metal slab layers (stacking faults) occur predominantly perpendicular to the slabs with long-range coherence length and enlisting dislocations in some domains. Moreover, the periodic arrangement of the distribution of alkali atoms is altered by the occurrence of stacking faults. The multitude of disorders innate in Na2Ni2TeO6 envisage broad implications in the material functionalities of related honeycomb layered oxide materials and will bolster renewed interest in their material science.
Social Transfers and Deprivation in Ireland: A study of cash and non-cash payments tied to housing, childcare, and primary health care services
Authors:   ESRI, Maître Bertrand , Privalko Ivan ,   ESRI, Watson Dorothy ,   ESRI
Published: November 2020

A new ESRI study commissioned by the Department of Social Protection found that tied cash and non-cash transfers are associated with lower deprivation, especially among vulnerable families. The authors considered benefits tied to housing, childcare, and medical services using 2017 data.
A study on job satisfaction & morality of tamilnadu state transport corporation employees-with reference to ambasamudram taluk
Authors: R. SIVASANKARI
Published: November 2020

Employees Satisfaction Analysis is done through various factors. Morality and its influence on efficiency is also a part of job satisfaction. Morality is a factor which impacts on all the aspects of work life. Transport corporation is a service organization with shift based employees, their morality and job satisfaction is done through the present research. The study aims to examine morality and job satisfaction of Tamilnadu state transport corporation employees. The researcher has drawn 50 employees working in Ambasamudramtaluk for the study. Data was collected with the help of a structured questionnaire and data was analyzed using statistical tools like percentage analysis, Mean score analysis and chi-square analysis.
Manejo de las imágenes en la práctica clínica. Diagnóstico por imagen
Authors: Auqui Carangui Diego Armando , Espinoza Cabezas Edith Efigenia , Bayas Azogue Carolina Estefania , Brito Vizuete Manuel Alejandro , Calle Siguencia Jorge Humberto , López Pérez Grace Pamela , Samaniego Valle Milton Alexis , Espín De La Torre Pablo Antonio , Andrade Sanguil Alexandra Tatiana , Narvaez Rueda Argenys Michael
Published: November 2020

La práctica médica moderna, como resultado a las invenciones en el campo tecnológico, han logrado importantes cambios en los procesos que llevan al médico a un diagnóstico preciso y coherente, encargado de darle al paciente una verdadera atención integral y así, alcanzar su incorporación en la realización de sus actividades laborales, diarias, familiares, sociales entre otros. Este nuevo concepto, se encuentra determinado por la utilización de la imagenología como básica que ayuda al especialista durante su evaluación obtiene un adecuado manejo, conoce y apoya cada día sus correctos planteamientos a realizar en los estudios realizados. En consecuencia, al lograr eficiencia en el manejo de las imágenes, las diferentes especialidades médicas se pueden ofrecer a cada paciente, nuevas oportunidades centradas en ubicar la sintomatología expuesta durante el diagnóstico clínico. Es decir, incorporar estos nuevos recursos tecnológicos facilita la respectiva valoración en cuanto a las bases físicas y técnicas de los principales métodos del diagnóstico por imágenes, lo que hace posible guiar al médico hacia las diferentes regiones topográficas del cuerpo humano, enseñando con ello, la relación anatomo imagenológica y cómo interpretarla correctamente cada uno de estos recursos pertenecientes a las imágenes médicas.
Introducción a la microbiología y virología
Authors: Sidel Almache Kevin Geovanny , Salas De La Fuente Sasha Anayn , Tapia Santana Diana Carolina , Novoa Obregón Alejandro Ernesto , Flores Lozada Erika Paola , Rodríguez Revelo Marco Esteban , Morejón Coello Paola Katherine , Zapata Paredes Patricio Renato , Huanca Jumbo Katty Elizabeth , Yánez Piedra Paúl Alejandro
Published: November 2020

Según los estudios realizados los centros de salud son los principales lugares donde se pueden encontrar infinidad de multiorganismos. Es decir, sitios de gran aglutinación de personas. Son estos los focos para las enfermedades que padecen hoy en día la humanidad. los microorganismos habitan en todas partes, pero su propagación en la sociedad se debe al contacto entre sus miembros, sea por aire, por el suelo o agua. También se conoce que la boca y la nariz son los órganos del ser humano que tienen más bacterias o virus. Esto es producto de que son órganos de entrada de esos focos. Afectando principalmente a las vías respiratorias, superiores e inferiores y al aparato digestivo.
Cirugía Laparoscópica: ciencia y clínica
Authors: Larrea Villacís María Julia , Vallejo Romero Víctor Enrique , Molina Molina Bryan Paul , Carvajal Barahona Víctor Fernando , Borbor Sánchez Jorge Fernando , Saltos Arteaga Pablo Emilio , Ayón Vélez Fernando Javier , Morales Loor Gema Magdalena , Hermida Menéndez Edison César , Quijije Párraga Edwin Adrián
Published: November 2020

Cirugía Laparoscópica: ciencia y clínica El libro CIRUGÍA LAPAROSCÓPICA, de manera simple pero directa, desarrolla temáticas que contribuyen al conocimiento y comprensión de los principios básicos del procedimiento quirúrgico por laparoscópica, que se lleva a cabo dentro de la especialidad de Cirugía General, según indicaciones precisas y de los aspectos que rodea el acto quirúrgico. La Cirugía General, es una disciplina científica en la que se utilizan las manos, o instrumentos manejados por éstas, para curar enfermedades o mejorar la salud. De manera general, se entiende como una ciencia que abarca el tratamiento total de la enfermedad e incluye la intervención quirúrgica para la corrección de deformidades, reparación de defectos, reparación de lesiones, diagnóstico y tratamiento de enfermedades, mitigación del sufrimiento y prolongación de la vida. La Cirugía General descansa sobre dos bases: la base científica donde se incluye la técnica manual y la humanista encaminada a buscar el bien del enfermo. En el marco de estas reflexiones, se explana en el libro, aspectos importantes sobre la Laparoscopia, la cual ha sido definida inicialmente y de manera general como un procedimiento o técnica diagnóstica y terapéutica basada en sistemas de visión y manipulación especiales introducidos en la cavidad abdominal a través de incisiones puntiformes las cuales permiten que el cirujano observe los órganos del abdomen, como intestinos, estómago y vesícula biliar, y en mujeres los órganos pélvicos, como los ovarios y en algunos casos practique una intervención quirúrgica en dichos órganos.