bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Blacking out
Authors: Lengwiler Yvan
Published: July 2020

The partial shutdown of the economy following the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the lack of measurements of economic activity that are available with a short lag and at high frequency. The consumption of electricity turns out to be a valuable proxy, if it is corrected for influences from calendar and weather. Indeed, this proxy suggests that we are currently facing one of the deepest recessions ever.
The city as forest - integrating living infrastructure, climate conditioning and urban forestry in Canberra, Australia
Authors: Alexandra Jason , Norman Barbara
Published: July 2020

Background

Around the world cities are responding to environmental imperatives, including climate change, with diverse programs of ecologically inspired design, water re-engineering, habitat restoration and urban reafforestation. These are collectively known as living infrastructure. This paper is based on a review undertaken to identify suitable options for the use of living infrastructure in Australia’s capital city, Canberra. Known as the ‘bush’ capital, Canberra is a medium sized city ringed with forested hills and grassy woodlands and has one of the highest rates of planted trees in the world, on a per capita basis. This paper summarises the lessons from investigating the opportunities for urban forests, and other living infrastructure being used to further enhance Canberra’s amenity and climate adaptation strategies.

Results

Canberra is a planned city with a history of afforestation since its inception, but still has many opportunities to build on its status as an urban forest. Trees offer more than a backdrop to the city housing Australia’s parliamentary democracy and national cultural institutions – they form a key part of the city’s infrastructure. Planted forests, surrounding bushland and constructed lakes have cultural, practical and ecological values and provide multiple benefits, including climate conditioning. However, they face a range of pressures including from urban redevelopment and a changing climate, raising questions about how to sustain and enhance Canberra’s living infrastructure, whilst meeting other urban policy goals. Using the case of Canberra, this paper outlines how living infrastructure – including urban forests - can contribute to meeting the twenty-first century’s urban challenges.

Conclusions

The experience in Canberra demonstrate that investing in active programs of urban reafforestation and more water sensitive design provide significant opportunities to enhance cities, making them both more liveable and climate responsive. For this to occur at scale, integrated planning is needed that brings together the physical, social and ecological elements of urban systems, including through the integration of different theoretical and practical traditions including from urban planning, energy, transport and water engineering and conservation ecology. At a broader level, this involves reconceptualising the nature of the city and its socio-ecological relationships.
Effect of biofertilizer and organic fertilization on growth, nutrient contents and fresh yield of dill (Anethum graveolens)
Authors: Elsayed Shaimaa I. M. , Glala A. A. , Abdalla Aboelfetoh M. , El-Sayed Abd El Ghafour A. , Darwish Mona A.
Published: July 2020

Background

Two cultivars (Balady and Dukat) of dill plants were grown in the Experimental Farm Station of Agriculture Faculty, Cairo University, during two seasons of 2014/2015 and 2015/2016. This investigation aims to determine the response of two dill cultivars to seven fertilizer treatments, i.e., control, 100% mineral fertilizer, 100% biofertilizer, 100% organic fertilizer, 50% organic fertilizer, 100% organic fertilizer with biofertilizer, and 50% organic fertilizer with biofertilizer. Data on plant height, leaf number, and some chemical composition such as antioxidant and nitrate accumulation were recorded in the vegetative growth stage.

Results

The results demonstrated that dill cv. Dukat gave the highest plants (cm), maximum leaf number per plant, pigment content (mg/g), total carbohydrates (%), nitrogen, and phosphorus percentages in the vegetative growth stage. Meanwhile, dill cv. Balady recorded the maximum potassium percentage and low content of nitrate accumulation (mg/kg) in the vegetative growth stage. Both dill cultivars contained antioxidants without significant differences between them. The best fertilization treatments were 100% organic fertilization with biofertilizer and 100% chemical fertilizer for plant height (cm), leaf number per plant, pigment content, antioxidant percentage, total carbohydrate percentage, and N and P percentages of two dill genotypes. On the other hand, 50% organic fertilization with biofertilizers was recorded as the best treatment for nitrate accumulation and K percentage with two dill cultivars.

Conclusion

These results prove that chemical fertilizers could be completely replaced by organic sources supplemented by NPK Symbion without any negative effect on dill vegetative growth and or nutrient contents.
The qualitative and quantitative high-resolution computed tomography in the evaluation of interstitial lung diseases
Authors: Hasan Dalia , Imam Hisham , Megally Hasan , Makhlouf Hoda , ElKady Reem
Published: July 2020

Background

High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is the most accepted imaging tool for the detection, characterization, and monitoring of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). The correct interpretation of HRCT findings still represents often a problem for the radiologists since there is wide interobserver variability. Therefore, a quantitative and noninvasive imaging method able to permit an accurate assessment of ILD is highly desirable. The purpose of this study is to compare the visual method and quantitative CT histogram in the evaluation of ILDs and to identify the best quantitative parameter in the prediction of severity of ILDs.

Results

There is a correlation between the HRCT score by the qualitative method and CT histogram parameters by the quantitative method in the evaluation of ILDs. Total lung volume inspiratory, mean lung density expiratory, and high attenuation area expiratory showed a significant correlation with the HRCT score.

Conclusion

The single best predictor of fibrosis severity in interstitial lung disease is HAAs % expiratory.
Competence in Decision Making: Setting Performance Standards for Critical Care
Authors: Murray David J. , Boulet John R. , Boyle Walter A. , Beyatte Mary Beth , Woodhouse Julie
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND:

Health care professionals must be able to make frequent and timely decisions that can alter the illness trajectory of intensive care patients. A competence standard for this ability is difficult to establish yet assuring practitioners can make appropriate judgments is an important step in advancing patient safety. We hypothesized that simulation can be used effectively to assess decision-making competence. To test our hypothesis, we used a “standard-setting” method to derive cut scores (standards) for 16 simulated ICU scenarios targeted at decision-making skills and applied them to a cohort of critical care trainees.

METHODS:

Panelists (critical care experts) reviewed digital audio-video performances of critical care trainees managing simulated critical care scenarios. Based on their collectively agreed-upon definition of “readiness” to make decisions in an ICU setting, each panelist made an independent judgment (ready, not ready) for a large number of recorded performances. The association between the panelists’ judgments and the assessment scores was used to derive scenario-specific performance standards.

RESULTS:

For all 16 scenarios, the aggregate panelists’ ratings (ready/not ready for independent decision making) were positively associated with the performance scores, permitting derivation of performance standards for each scenario.

CONCLUSIONS:

Minimum competence standards for high-stakes decision making can be established through standard-setting techniques. We effectively identified “front-line” providers who are, or are not, ready to make independent decisions in an ICU setting. Our approach may be used to assure stakeholders that clinicians are competent to make appropriate judgments. Further work is needed to determine whether our approach is effective in simulation-based assessments in other domains.
Frequency and pattern of Paediatric Heart Diseases: Five years experience at The Children’s Hospital, Multan
Authors: Arshad Muhammad Sohail , Anwar-ul-Haq Hafiz Muhammad , Adnan Mudasser , Zulqarnain Arif
Published: July 2020

Background & Objectives: Heart diseases in paediatric population are considered to be significant contributors to mortality and morbidity. Congenital heart disease (CHD) as well as acquired heart disease (AHD) are frequent causes of hospital admission among children. This study was aimed at finding out frequency and pattern of heart diseases in admitted patients at The Children’s Hospital, Multan.

Methods: This study is a retrospective chart review of five years at Paediatric Cardiology Department of The Children’s Hospital and The Institute of Child Health, Multan, Pakistan, from January 2015 to December 2019. Children aged one month to 15 years, admitted as a diagnosed case of heart disease on the basis of echocardiography were included.

Results: Out of a total of 4115 confirmed cases of heart disease admitted during the study period, 3250 (79.0%) were CHD while 865 (21.0%) were AHD. Overall, 2861 (69.5%) patients were aged less than one year. VSD followed by ASD were the commonest acyanotic heart lesion seen among 927 (28.5%) and 644 (19.8%) cases while TOF was the commonest cyanotic type heart lesion found in 396 (12.2%). Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) was the commonest type of AHD, seen in 330 (38.2%) cases followed by acute myocarditis found in 230 (26.6%) cases.

Conclusion: Burden of heart diseases is rising in our region. VSD, ASD and TOF were the most common types of CHDs while RHD and acute myocarditis were the most frequent types of AHDs.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.6.2312

How to cite this:Arshad MS , Anwar-ul-Haq HM, Adnan M, Zulqarnain A. Frequency and pattern of Paediatric Heart Diseases: Five years experience at The Children’s Hospital, Multan. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(6):1308-1312.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.6.2312

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Association of Serum Omentin-1, Chemerin, and Leptin with Acute Myocardial Infarction and its Risk Factors
Authors: Baig Mukhtiar , Alghalayini Kamal Waheeb , Gazzaz Zohair Jamil , Atta Hazem
Published: July 2020

Objective: To determine the association of serum omentin-1, chemerin, and leptin with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and its risk factors among individuals admitted with AMI to the coronary care unit (CCU).

Methods: The current case-control study was conducted at the CCU of King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), in 2016-2018. A total of 122 AMI patients admitted to CCU, and 52 BMI and age-matched healthy subjects, between 30 and 65 years of age, were included.

Results: Chemerin and omentin-1 are independent predictors of the incidence of MI. Furthermore, serum omentin-1 was significantly lowered while chemerin and hsCRP levels were found to be significantly raised among the individuals with AMI compared to the healthy subjects, and no notable change was found in the serum leptin level. Serum omentin-1, chemerin, and leptin were significantly correlated with weight, BMI, waist circumference in patients, and control subjects. Binary logistic regression analysis displayed that the occurrence of MI is positively correlated with fasting plasma glucose (FPG), TC, TG, LDL-C, hsCRP, and chemerin and in a negative manner with HDL-C, and omentin. The chemerin and omentin-1 were also linked with the MI in multiple logistic regression analysis.

Conclusions: The present results indicated that the serum omentin levels were significantly lowered while chemerin and hsCRP levels were found to be markedly raised among patients. No change was found in serum leptin levels. Serum chemerin and omentin-1 levels were independently associated with the MI. It appears that these parameters may be used to assess the risk spectrum of CAD.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.6.2372

How to cite this:Baig M, Alghalayini KW, Gazzaz ZJ, Atta H. Association of Serum Omentin-1, Chemerin, and Leptin with Acute Myocardial Infarction and its Risk Factors. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(6):1183-1188. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.6.2372

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Oral Nifidepine versus IV labetalol in severe preeclampsia: A randomized control trial
Authors: Wasim Tayyiba , Agha Shazia , Saeed Kanwal , Riaz Anam
Published: July 2020

Objective: To compare oral Nifidepine and IV labetalol in terms of rapidity of BP control in severe preeclampsia.

Methods: All patients coming to Services Hospital from March 2017 to February 2019 with diagnosis of severe preeclampsia ≥ 24 weeks gestation were randomized to either receive Nifidepine or Labetalol. Primary outcome measure was time taken to control BP and number of doses required. Secondary outcome measures were side effects of drugs, APGAR score, NICU admission and perinatal mortality.

Results: Two hundred four patients were included in trial with 102 patients in each group. Labetalol took 22.6± 13.5minutes and Nifidepine took 22.09± 11.7 minutes to achieve target BP (p>0.05). Labetalol required 2.3± 1.58 doses and Nifidepine 2.2± 1.58 doses to control BP ( p>0.05). No maternal side effects were seen in 86 (84.31%) and 92(90.19%) patients in both groups (p>0.05). Mean gestational age at birth was 34.8 ±2.73weeks in Labetalol and 35.2±2.48 weeks in Nifidepine group (p>0.05). In labetalol group, 43 (42.15%) babies had APGAR Score < 7/10 and 23(22.54%) babies required admission to NICU while in Nifidepine group 42 (41.17%) babies had Apgar score < 7/10 & 30(29.4%) babies were admitted to NICU(p>0.05). There were 21(20.5%) perinatal deaths in labetalol Group-And 19(18.6%) in Nifidepine group (p>0.05)

Conclusion: Oral Nifidepine and IV labetalol are equally efficacious in controlling BP in patients with severe pre eclampsia without any significant side effects.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.6.2591

How to cite this:Wasim T, Agha S, Saeed K, Riaz A. Oral Nifidepine versus IV labetalol in severe preeclampsia: A randomized control trial. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(6):1147-1152. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.6.2591

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Large CRISPR-Cas-induced deletions in the oxamniquine resistance locus of the human parasite Schistosoma mansoni
Authors: Sankaranarayanan Geetha , Coghlan Avril , Driguez Patrick , Lotkowska Magda E. , Sanders Mandy , Holroyd Nancy , Tracey Alan , Berriman Matthew , Rinaldi Gabriel
Published: July 2020

Background. At least 250 million people worldwide suffer from schistosomiasis, caused by Schistosoma worms. Genome sequences for several Schistosoma species are available, including a high-quality annotated reference for Schistosoma mansoni. There is a pressing need to develop a reliable functional toolkit to translate these data into new biological insights and targets for intervention. CRISPR-Cas9 was recently demonstrated for the first time in S. mansoni, to produce somatic mutations in the omega-1 (ω1) gene.

Methods. We employed CRISPR-Cas9 to introduce somatic mutations in a second gene, SULT-OR, a sulfotransferase expressed in the parasitic stages of S. mansoni, in which mutations confer resistance to the drug oxamniquine. A 262-bp PCR product spanning the region targeted by the gRNA against SULT-OR was amplified, and mutations identified in it by high-throughput sequencing.

Results. We found that 0.3-2.0% of aligned reads from CRISPR-Cas9-treated adult worms showed deletions spanning the predicted Cas9 cut site, compared to 0.1-0.2% for sporocysts, while deletions were extremely rare in eggs. The most common deletion observed in adults and sporocysts was a 34 bp-deletion directly upstream of the predicted cut site, but rarer deletions reaching as far as 102 bp upstream of the cut site were also detected. The CRISPR-Cas9-induced deletions, if homozygous, are predicted to cause resistance to oxamniquine by producing frameshifts, ablating SULT-OR transcription, or leading to mRNA degradation via the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay pathway. However, no SULT-OR knock down at the mRNA level was observed, presumably because the cells in which CRISPR-Cas9 did induce mutations represented a small fraction of all cells expressing SULT-OR.

Conclusions. Further optimisation of CRISPR-Cas protocols for different developmental stages and particular cell types, including germline cells, will contribute to the generation of a homozygous knock-out in any gene of interest, and in particular the SULT-OR gene to derive an oxamniquine-resistant stable transgenic line.
Organization and holding of events
Authors: Goyhman Oskar
Published: July 2020

Every day around the world held a lot of events: exhibitions, conferences, presentations, festivals, etc. which requires professional skills, communication skills and creativity. In the textbook are given classification of activities, the technology for phased development and examples of some of them.
Meets the requirements of Federal state educational standards of higher education of the last generation.
Designed for students on specialties and directions of the service sector, and also for teachers, professionals, various agencies and all who have to organize events.
Economics of sustainable industrial growth: concept, problems and possible mechanisms of formation
Authors: Poletaeva Vladislava
Published: July 2020

The monograph examines the issues of transformation of the Russian economy from raw materials export model to a model of sustainable industrial growth. In the first Chapter of the work the author formulates the definition of sustainable economy growth and the expediency of its formation, analyzes the problems that hinder the transformation of national economic system into a model for sustainable industrial growth, and identified possible mechanisms of such transformation. In the second Chapter, in order to determine the sources of the implementation of the financial mechanism of forming of economy of sustainable industrial growth, the author assesses financial potential of economic entities and analyzes the role of the banking sector and the state to invest resources in the Russian economy. In the third Chapter the author provides the rationale (for the decision of task of forming of economy of industrial growth) for the development of cooperation in the banking sector and the state in the financing of manufacturing industry on the basis of realization of interests of all key stakeholders of such projects, identifies the interests of the state, banking sector and manufacturing industries and estimated the fullness of their realization in the framework of the existing mechanisms of the banking and government lending to the economy.
Designed for teachers, students of economic specialties, as well as anyone interested in the problems of development of economy in modern conditions.
Contribuições históricas do Movimento Hip Hop para a luta contra o racismo e para a comunicação da juventude negra e periférica
Authors: Bastos Pablo Nabarrete
Published: July 2020

Este artigo analisa as imbricações históricas dos Movimentos Negros e do Movimento Hip Hop a partir de narrativas e histórias de vida de intelectuais orgânicos da primeira e segunda geração do Hip Hop. São combinadas análises históricas e pesquisa de campo de caráter qualitativo, com inspiração etnográfica. Nosso foco principal são as relações históricas entre os Movimentos Negros, o Movimento Hip Hop e as contribuições do Hip Hop para a luta contra o racismo, a construção de identidade étnico-racial e a comunicação da juventude negra e periférica.
A PLURALIDADE NA COBERTURA JORNALÍSTICA NO INTERIOR DE SÃO PAULO: A EXPERIÊNCIA DO JORNAL DOIS COM A MÍDIA RADICAL EM BAURU
Authors: Moraes dos Santos Ana Carolina , Santiago Lorenzo , Tozzi Mendes Lucas Eduardo
Published: July 2020

A cobertura jornalística praticada pelos veículos de imprensa hegemônico retratam a realidade sem considerar suas relações complexas e contraditórias. As reportagens não dialogam com a sociedade e, por consequência, constroem uma fábula sobre os acontecimentos. No interior de São Paulo, onde há a escassez de jornais e de produções jornalísticas de qualidade, esse processo de fabulação é acentuado. O Jornal Dois surge, em Bauru, com uma proposta disruptiva para o jornalismo, que considera as pessoas como sujeitos ativos da sociedade, a diversidade de contextos sociais e necessidade de aprofundar o debate público. Este artigo é um relato de experiência sobre a atuação do Jornal Dois como mídia radical em Bauru, contando sobre os processos para escolha de pautas, elaboração das pautas e produção das reportagens.
Counter-intuitive strength of electric field induced second harmonic (EFISH) signals at the rear side of thin silicon membranes
Authors: Ndebeka Wilfrid I. , Neethling Pieter H. , Rohwer Erich G. , Steenkamp Christine M. , Stafast Herbert
Published: July 2020

Electric field induced second harmonic (EFISH) generation typically increases with laser intensity. Therefore, EFISH signals generated at the rear

S
i

/

S
i
O

2

interface by a laser beam transmitted through a thin silicon membrane should be much weaker than the signals generated in reflection at the front surface. The counter-intuitive finding that the signal generated at the rear surface is stronger than the front surface signal [Appl. Phys. B 104, 735 (2011)APBOEM0946-217110.1007/s00340-011-4682-1] is now confirmed by detailed experiments applying 10 to 30 µm thin membranes. Using, in addition, the local laser beam intensity [Appl. Phys. B 123, 253 (2017)APBOEM0946-217110.1007/s00340-017-6824-6] leads to the hypothesis that the quasi-static electric field at the rear interface consists of two counteracting components.
Generations of chaos-modulated pulses based on a gain-switched semiconductor laser subject to delay-synchronized optical feedback for pulsed chaos lidar applications
Authors: Tsay Han-Ling , Wang Chong-Yu , Chen Jun-Da , Lin Fan-Yi
Published: July 2020

We generate and analyze chaos-modulated pulses based on a gain-switched semiconductor laser subject to delay-synchronized optical feedback for pulsed chaos lidar applications. Benefited by the aperiodic and uncorrelated chaos waveforms, chaos lidar possesses the advantages of no range ambiguity and immunity to interference and jamming. To improve the detection range while in compliance with the eye-safe regulation, generating chaos-modulated pulses with higher peak power rather than chaos in its CW form is desired. While using an acousto-optic modulator to time-gate the CW chaos into pulses could be lossy and energy inefficient, in this paper, we study the generation of chaos-modulated pulses using a gain-switched laser subject to delay-synchronized optical feedback. Under different feedback strengths and modulation currents of gain-switching, we investigate the quality of the chaos-modulated pulses generated by analyzing their ratio of chaos oscillations, peak sidelobe levels (PSLs), and cross-correlation peaks under different mismatching conditions between the pulse repetition interval (PRI) and the feedback time delay τ. With proper feedback strengths and modulation currents, we find that synchronizing the gain-switching modulation with the delayed feedback (PRI = τ) is essential in generating the chaos-modulated pulses suitable for the pulsed chaos lidar applications. When mismatching occurs, we identify sequences of dynamical periods including stable, periodic, and chaos oscillations evolved within a pulse.
Effective medium theory for thermal scattering off rotating structures
Authors: Li Jiaxin , Li Ying , Wang Wuyi , Li Longqiu , Qiu Cheng-Wei
Published: July 2020

Controlling heat transfer with artificial functional materials has been a promising route towards the efficient and smart utilization of thermal energy in modern society. At the macroscopic scale, thermal metamaterials have demonstrated versatile functionalities in manipulating thermal conduction. One major method is the effective medium theory, which provides a reliable approximation for the material parameters of the composite. Although most of thermal metamaterials use static components, recent devices with integrated moving parts are attracting great interest thanks to their high efficiency and flexibility. However, the effective medium theory for thermal scattering off such devices has not been well established, due to the fundamental difference between thermal convection and conduction. Here, we provide a thorough study on heat transfer through mechanically rotating structures. It is shown that the effective thermal conductivity of a rotating structure can be rigorously described in a complex plane. The analytical expressions of the effective thermal conductivity for structures with rotating multiple layers are formulated, which explicitly capture their influences on the surrounding temperature field. We validate the theory and numerically demonstrate the rotated and unrotated temperature distributions generated around a single structure. Our theory is expected to become a design recipe for novel thermal metamaterials and meta-devices.
High-power and high-energy Nd:YAG-Nd:YVO4 hybrid gain Raman yellow laser
Authors: Jiang Pengbo , Ni Jiasheng , Zhang Haiwei , Qi Haifeng , Wang Weitao , Song Zhiqiang , Guo Jian , Peng Gangding , Wang Chang
Published: July 2020

We present a simple and reliable method to successfully reconcile the average output power and pulse energy of the solid-state Raman yellow lasers. By virtue of the hybrid laser gain of Nd:YAG and Nd:YVO4 in an intracavity frequency-doubled Raman, much higher pumping is allowed and nearly linear polarized fundamental and Stokes waves can be delivered for efficient non-critical phase matching. 7.6 W of yellow output at 588 nm is obtained under incident pump power of 42.0 W at the pulse repetition frequency (PRF) of 110 kHz and the pulse energy reaches 0.41 mJ under the same incident pump power at the PRF of 10 kHz.
Optically tunable grating in a V+Ξ configuration involving a Rydberg state
Authors: Yuan Jinpeng , Dong Shichao , Wu Chaohua , Wang Lirong , Xiao Liantuan , Jia Suotang
Published: July 2020

A novel tunable all-optical grating is realized experimentally in a

V
+
Ξ

configuration coherent rubidium thermal vapor. This new energy level structure employs a Rydberg level as the uppermost level and contains two typical electromagnetically induced transparency energy level configurations with the same probe field. Compared with the traditional V-type three-level grating, a significant improvement of the diffraction efficiency of this novel grating was observed. Its improvement was then also demonstrated experimentally by the transition spectrum and theoretically by a comprehensive simulation. The diffraction efficiency gain introduced by the control laser field was tuned with several experimental parameters, such as the atomic density and the control field intensity. And the maximum enhancement rate of first-order diffraction efficiency is proved to be as high as 30%. Such a novel all-optical tunable grating promises to be the new driving force in the advancement of all-optical communications and information technology.
On-chip programmable microwave photonic filter with an integrated optical carrier processor
Authors: Daulay Okky , Botter Roel , Marpaung David
Published: July 2020

We demonstrate a programmable microwave photonic bandpass filter with a rectangular frequency response and a reconfigurable spectral resolution. We achieved these features through dual-sidebands processing of a phase modulated signal using a network of four optical ring resonators in a low-loss silicon nitride (Si3N4) circuit. Furthermore, we integrate a pair of optical ring resonators in the same circuit to precisely control the amplitude and phase of the optical carrier to enhance the noise performance of the filter. We achieved filtering with a tunable bandwidth from 2 to 7 GHz with optical carrier suppression up to 6 dB, a maximum RF gain of -10 dB, and a minimum noise figure of 27 dB. These experiments are expected to provide a feasible design to approach fully integrated microwave photonic filters with improved link gain and reduced noise figure.
Aplicação de indicadores do turismo sustentável em um balneário em área de cerrado no município de Coxim – MS
Authors: Santos Mylena Dos , Costa Poliana Ferreira da , Santos Eriquedima Costa de Oliveira dos
Published: July 2020

O turismo tem importante papel no desenvolvimento econômico e o Brasil apresenta alto potencial para esta atividade. O ecoturismo surge como uma alternativa sustentável frente as atividades econômicas comumente utilizadas, e indicadores ambientais podem ser aplicados para identificar e mensurar variações em um ou mais elementos de uma atividade. Este trabalho tem como objetivo principal aplicar indicadores ambientais, sociais e econômicos em uma atividade de ecoturismo em uma pousada e balneário no Município de Coxim, MS, a fim de analisar os prós e contras dessa atividade. Para a construção dos indicadores empregados neste trabalho foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico acerca dos principais indicadores de impactos ambientais, sociais e econômicos do ecoturismo existentes. Também foram realizadas visitas técnicas para análise e aplicação dos indicadores no local de estudo, em maio de 2019. Foram aplicados um total de 29 indicadores de sustentabilidade (17 indicadores na dimensão ambiental, 6 indicadores na dimensão social e 6 indicadores para a dimensão econômica). Foi possível concluir que a atividade ecoturística utiliza métodos de baixo impacto ambiental e induz o desenvolvimento econômico e social.
Face sketch recognition using principal component analysis for forensics application
Authors: Purwandari Endina Putri , Erlansari Aan , Wijanarko Andang , Adrian Erich Adinal
Published: July 2020

Recognition of human faces in forensics applications can be identified through the Sketch recognition method by matching sketches and photos. The system gives five criminal candidates who have similarities to the sketch given. This study aims to perform facial recognition on photographs and sketches using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) as feature extraction and Euclidean distance as a calculation of the distance of test images to training images. The PCA method was used to recognize facial images from pencil sketch drawings. The system dataset is in the form of photos and sketches in the CUHK Face Sketch database consists of 93 photos and 93 sketches, and personal documentation consists of five photos and five sketches. The sketch matching application to training data produces an accuracy of 76.14 %, precision of 91.04 %, and recall of 80.26 %, while testing with sketch modifications produces accuracy and recall of 95 % and precision of 100 %.
Performance comparison of RSA and AES to SMS messages compression using Huffman algorithm
Authors: Laurentinus Laurentinus , Pradana Harrizki Arie , Sylfania Dwi Yuny , Juniawan Fransiskus Panca
Published: July 2020

Improved security of short message services (SMS) can be obtained using cryptographic methods, both symmetric and asymmetric, but must remain efficient. This paper aims to study the performance and efficiency of the symmetric crypto of AES-128 and asymmetric crypto of RSA with message compression in securing SMS messages. The ciphertext of RSA and AES were compressed using the Huffman algorithm. The average AES encryption time for each character is faster than RSA, which is 5.8 and 24.7 ms/character for AES and AES+Huffman encryption and 8.7 and 45.8 ms/character for RSA and RSA+Huffman, from messages with 15, 30, 60 and 90 characters. AES decryption time is also faster, which is 27.2 ms/character compared to 47.6 ms/character in RSA. Huffman compression produces an average efficiency of 24.8 % for the RSA algorithm, better than 17.35 % of AES efficiency for plaintext of 1, 16, 45, and 88 characters.
PROCESSO CONSTRUTIVO:ALVENARIA ESTRUTURAL
Authors: Mereles de Oliveira Quintanilha Daniel , Santos de Souza Rodrigo , De Barros Amorim Marcelo , Isabel de Paula Ribeiro Maria
Published: July 2020

O sistema construtivo em Alvenaria Estrutural foi originado na Pré-História, é considerado um dos mais antigos sistemas de construção da Terra. Nos anos 50 (do Século XX),em algumas regiões da Europa, principalmente na Suíça começaram a surgir normasnas quais permitiam calcular a espessura e a resistências das paredes. Nos anos 60 e 70(do Século XX) tiveram intensas pesquisas, pois havia a necessidade de um aprimoramento nos modelos matemáticos de cálculos com o intuito de aperfeiçoar este métodoconstrutivo, assim obtendo projetos mais precisos e com maior resistência. Atualmenteestamos vivendo em uma época onde é visivelmente predominante a construção deprédios, visando um melhor aproveitamento do espaço. Um dos modos de construçãomais utilizados é a alvenaria estrutural. No presente trabalho buscou-se descrever o sis-tema construtivo de Alvenaria Estrutural, que ultimamente tem sido utilizado em grande escala, principalmente em prédios residências. Este sistema quando bem empregadosó irá gerar benefícios para obra, pois além de ser rápido reduz e muito o custo da obra,porém deve-se tomar muito cuidado com o controle tecnológico do graute, evitar rasgosnas paredes para as passagens das instalações elétricas e hidro sanitárias e retrabalhosque poderiam ter sido evitados.
ESTUDO DA MODELAGEM DO AMORTECEDOR MAGNETO-REOLÓGICO
Authors: Silva de Lima Alexandre , De Noronha Castro Pinto Fernando Augusto
Published: July 2020

Os fluidos magneto-reológicos (MR) são denominados materiais inteligentes, pois, aexposição a um campo magnético influência diretamente na viscosidade, elasticidadee plasticidade do fluido. Quando não exposto a um campo magnético, o fluido secomporta como um fluido newtoniano comum, porém quando exposto, o fluidoapresenta um comportamento visco-plástico cuja tensão de escoamento é função daintensidade do campo magnético. A aplicação mais comum dos fluidos MRs encontrase nos amortecedores magneto-reológicos. A capacidade de os fluidos MRs alterarde maneira reversível a sua viscosidade, trazem aos amortecedores MRs uma grandepotencialidade em aplicações de controle e isolamento de vibrações. Os amortecedoresMRs são aplicados em diversas áreas como: realimentação tátil, suspensão automotiva,assentos de veículos pesados, amortecedores sísmicos e em próteses trans-femorais.O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar a modelagem matemática capaz de descrever ocomportamento dinâmico não-linear dos amortecedores MRs considerando os modelosparamétricos encontrados na literatura: o modelo de Bingham, o modelo de Gamota eFilisko, o modelo de Bouc-Wen e o modelo de Bouc-Wen modificado.
Percutaneous Closure of Patent Foramen Ovale in a Patient with Mirror-Image Dextrocardia and Situs Inversus
Authors: Jiang Xiaofei , Zhang Heng , Qian Mingyang
Published: July 2020

A 26-year-old patient with mirror-image dextrocardia and situs inversus experienced a transient ischemic attack. We suspected that a patent foramen ovale was the reason. A Cardi-O-Fix occluder was used to close the patent foramen ovale with a mirror-reversed rotation of the radiologic views. During the 18-month follow-up, no symptoms of the transient ischemic attack appeared again.
Alvar Aalto, Ernst Neufert, and Architectural Standardization in Germany and Finland, 1933–45
Authors: Vossoughian Nader
Published: July 2020

Not long ago, many historians believed that the first great era of German modern architecture ended abruptly with Hitler’s rise to power. According to this narrative, the demise coincided with the closure of the Bauhaus in 1933 and the subsequent emigration of leading architects such asWalterGropius and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. Today, we know that the story is far more complicated. On the one hand, historians such as Barbara Miller Lane and Winfried Nerdinger have shown that the Nazis’ views of modernism were more nuanced than was once believed, and that many German modernist designers courted and were granted government patronage under the Nazi regime. On the other hand, we still know little about the transnational architectural networks that sustained the Nazis during World War II. A case in point is the professional relationship between the Finnish architect Alvar Aalto and the German industrial builder Ernst Neufert, who worked for Albert Speer from 1938 to 1945. In Alvar Aalto, Ernst Neufert, and Architectural Standardization in Germany and Finland, 1933–45, Nader Vossoughian examines the history and genesis of that relationship, particularly its relevance to wartime debates about standardization.
The interplay between stress, circadian clocks, and energy metabolism
Authors: Oster Henrik
Published: July 2020

Endogenous circadian clocks adapt an organism’s physiology and behavior to predictable changes in the environment as a consequence of the Earth’s rotation around its axis. In mammals, circadian rhythms are the output of a ubiquitous network of cellular timers coordinated by a hypothalamic master pacemaker. Circadian clock function is closely connected to the stress response system which has evolved to ensure survival under less predictable situations of danger. Disruptions in both of these functions are highly prevalent in modern society and have been linked to pathologic alterations in metabolic setpoints, promoting overeating, obesity, and type-2 diabetes. This paper describes the different levels of interaction between the circadian clock and acute and chronic stress responses. It summarizes studies assessing clock-stress crosstalk in the context of metabolic homeostasis and outlines options to use this interaction for diagnostic and therapeutic measures targeting metabolic health and well-being in the highly chronodisruptive environment of modern 24-h globalized societies.
Strategic management accounting: information application areas and instruments
Authors: Medeckytė Kamilė , Tamulevičienė Daiva
Published: July 2020

he application of strategic management accounting instruments in corporate governance is a significant tool for gaining a competitive advantage, increasing the existing market share, and improving the company’s performance. The article examines the development, concept, and significance of strategic management accounting. There are five areas of strategic management accounting: 1) costing; 2) planning, control, and performance measurement; 3) strategic decision-making; 4) competitor accounting; 5) customer accounting. The main instruments of each area, their advantages, challenges of implementation in enterprise management, and benefits for the efficiency of the organization have been identified.
Situating Programming Abstractions in a Constructionist Video Game
Authors: WEINTROP David , WILENSKY Uri
Published: July 2020

Research on the effectiveness of introductory programming environments often relies on post-test measures and attitudinal surveys to support its claims; but such instruments lack the ability to identify any explanatory mechanisms that can account for the results. This paper reports on a study designed to address this issue. Using Noss and Hoyles' constructs of webbing and situated abstractions, we analyze programming novices playing a program-to-play constructionist video game to identify how features of introductory programming languages, the environments in which they are situated, and the challenges learners work to accomplish, collectively affect novices' emerging understanding of programming concepts. Our analysis shows that novices develop the ability to use programming concepts by building on the suite of resources provided as they interact with the computational context of the learning environment. In taking this approach, we contribute to computer science education design literature by advancing our understanding of the relationship between rich, complex introductory programming environments and the learning experiences they promote.
Crecimiento y producción de hojas de Pittocaulon praecox (Asteraceae) en dos sitios contrastantes dentro de un matorral xerófilo en México
Authors: Callejas-Chavero Alicia , Pérez-Velázquez Daniela , Palacios-Vargas José G. , Castaño-Meneses Gabriela
Published: July 2020

Se evaluó el efecto de la cobertura vegetal en la producción y crecimiento de hojas de Pittocaulon praecox en dos sitios contrastantes, cerrado y abierto, en un matorral xerófilo. En cada sitio se registró longi­tud, número de hojas y crecimiento total, temperatura, humedad, concentración de CO2, y cantidad de hojarasca producida. Se hizo un análisis de varianza de medidas repetidas y una prueba de t. La menor temperatura (20,79 ± 2,8 °C), mayor concentración de CO2 (169,10 ± 12,19) y humedad (40,13 ± 8,26) se registraron en el sitio cerrado, donde los arbustos crecen más (t118 = 3,83, P = 0,0002), producen más hojas (86,21 ± 43,31 gr) y alcanzaron mayor tamaño. Se concluye que la cobertura vegetal influye en el crecimiento y producción de hojas de Pittocaulon praecox.
Biología reproductiva de la palma amarga (Sabal mauritiiformis: Arecaceae): especie económicamente importante para la Costa Caribe colombiana
Authors: Brieva-Oviedo Edwin , Núñez-Avellaneda Luis Alberto
Published: July 2020

Sabal mauritiiformis es uno de los recursos forestales no maderables económicamente más importantes en el Caribe colombiano pues sus hojas se comercializan para techado de viviendas típicas. Entre enero de 2013 y diciembre de 2015 se observó quincenalmente su fenología reproductiva, las fases de la biología floral se siguieron cada cuatro horas durante quince días. Se estudió el sistema reproductivo realizando polinizaciones controladas en 3000 flores. La eficiencia reproductiva se evaluó siguiendo a 21 inflorescencias, registrando el número de botones florales, flores, frutos maduros y frutos abortados. Los visitantes florales se determinaron a partir de capturas de 32 inflorescencias y al igual que su comportamiento se registró a partir de observaciones directas. Las palmas reproductivas de S. mauritiiformis presentaron entre una a nueve inflorescencias. La floración ocurrió desde abril a noviembre. Cada inflorescencia florece entre diez y 20 días, con flores hermafroditas que entran en antesis entre 01h:00–04h:00, pero las anteras liberan polen entre 06h:30–07h:30 y los estigmas estuvieron receptivos entre las 10h:00–13h:00. S. mauritiiformis es auto-incompatible, sin apomixis y predominantemente xenógama. Un total de 65 especies de insectos y diez de arácnidos visitaron las inflorescencias, pero la polinización cruzada fue realizada principalmente por las abejas Nannotrigona mellaria y Scaptotrigona sp.1 (Meliponini). La eficiencia reproductiva fue sólo el 7,6 %, fenómeno que podría estar asociado con el continuo corte de hojas, altas tasas de depredación de flores y baja eficiencia del transporte de polen.
Diversidad de briófitos acuáticos en un río de alta montaña tropical
Authors: Becerra-I Daniela Alejandra , Cárdenas-E Karen Alejandra , Álvaro-A Wilson Ricardo
Published: July 2020

Los ríos de montaña contienen una gran diversidad de hábitats caracterizados por cambios temporales en los factores ambientales y por albergar diferentes organismos. Los briófitos son un componente importante de la biota de estos ecosistemas, donde son altamente diversos y contribuyen de manera significativa a la producción primaria, estabilización de los márgenes de los cursos de agua y aumento en la heterogeneidad de hábitats para otros organismos. Este trabajo se realizó en el río Teatinos (Boyacá, Colombia), en un gradiente altitudinal entre 2100 y 3300 m, donde se evaluó la diversidad de briófitos acuáticos y su relación con algunos factores ambientales como pH, conductividad, temperatura, profundidad, pendiente y ancho del cauce. Se establecieron doce sitios de muestreo distribuidos cada 100 m altitudinales, donde se registraron 70 especies correspondientes a 41 musgos, 27 hepáticas y dos antocerotes. La mayor riqueza y diversidad se reportaron a los 3100 m y la dominancia es mayor a 2400 m. La composición de las comunidades indicó la distribución de las especies en dos grupos, uno entre 2100 y 2800 m y el otro entre 2900 y 3300 m. La temperatura, la conductividad y la pendiente se correlacionan negativamente con la riqueza.
First record of Psittacara erythrogenys (Psittacidae) in Colombia
Authors: Fierro-Calderón Eliana , Fierro-Calderón Karolina
Published: July 2020

The red-masked parakeet Psittacara erythrogenys was originally distributed in the forests of Ecuador and northwestern Peru, mainly below 1500 m of elevation. Due to pet trade, this parakeet has current stable breeding populations in the United States, Spain, Chile, and Puerto Rico. We describe the first record of the species in Colombia in March 2018, as well as other observations from the city of Santiago de Cali.
First record of Vitreorana ritae (Anura, Centrolenidae) for southern Amazonia inferred from molecular, reproductive and acoustic evidence
Authors: Penhacek Marcos , Anjos Samuel , Oliveira Elciomar , Hernández-Ruz Emil José , Rodrigues Luís Reginaldo , Guerra Vinícius , Rodrigues Domingos
Published: July 2020

Frogs of the family Centrolenidae are adapted to live at high altitudes, and so it is not surprising that their greatest diversity is in the Andes mountain range. Here we extend the known geographic distribution of Vitreorana ritae by more than 550 km towards southern Amazonia. The species was identified by morphological, acoustic and molecular characteristics (mitochondrial marker 16S rRNA). The records reported here are the first for the genus Vitreorana in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, as well as for the transition zone between the Amazonia and Cerrado biomes. These records are consistent with the hypothesis that the low number of species of centrolenids reported in the lowlands of the Amazon region may be the result of limited sampling. Even though V. ritae is distributed throughout the Amazon, most of its diagnostic morphological characteristics are conserved. Thus, the great rivers of the Amazon Basin do not seem to act as geographical barriers for this species; however, due to the limited sample size, further acoustic and molecular studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
Taxonomic novelties in Orthaea (Ericaceae: Vaccinieae)
Authors: Salinas Nelson R.
Published: July 2020

Several taxonomical novelties of the genus Orthaea (Ericaceae: Vaccinieae) are presented. Two new species, O. eteocles and O. fissiflora, are described and illustrated, the limits of O. glandulifera are redefined to include O. oedipus as a synonym, and the status of a poorly known species, O. ignea, is also discussed.
First record of the seed beetle Merobruchus paquetae (Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae) in the exotic tree Leucaena leucocephala
Authors: Amarillo-Suárez Angela R. , Camacho-Erazo Mariana
Published: July 2020

We record for the first time the host association of the seed beetle Merobruchus paquetae with the invasive legume tree Leucaena leucocephala. This species of beetle was associated in Colombia to the native legume tree Pseudosamanea guachapele.