bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reflective Thinking of Undergraduate Students in Microbiology Lab Experiments
Authors: Amelia Trisna , Liliasari ‎ , Kusnadi ‎ , Aditiawati Pingkan
Published: April 2024

This study attempts to examine undergraduate students’ reflective thinking while conducting microbiology lab activities. A collection of particular questions designed to elicit reflective thinking abilities were used in the context of microbiology lab activities to conduct this research utilizing a quantitative descriptive methodology. 32 undergraduate students taking microbiology classes in their fourth semester at a public university in Bandung, Indonesia, served as the study’s subjects. The findings demonstrated that reflective thinking arose in microbiology lab studies at the cognitive presence stage’s resolution phase. Even so, just a small portion (6%) of all the introspective remarks that students have written, had the look of reflection. Students frequently consider the triggering event (49%) and exploration (32%), in that order. The conclusions of this study suggest that microbiological lab activities should be created in a way that promotes the growth of reflective thinking by giving students the chance to perform more challenging laboratory tasks in addition to completing experiments.
Keywords: reflective thinking, microbiology, lab experiments
Analysis of Bibliographic Systems Thinking: A Review in the Science Education
Authors: Rochman Syaiful , Rustaman Nuryani , Ramalis Taufik Ramlan , Suhandi Andi , Supriyadi Supriyadi , Ismail Ismail
Published: April 2024

In the last decade research background in science, technology, and social formal education has enlarged our knowledge about complex systems. A study informing conceptual framework across disciplines which is inclusive in system thinking (ST). Its usage in science education has increased rapidly and has also been adapted and elaborated by research networks all over the world. Mix method was used in this review to illustrate ST development in science education. Tabulation of literature inquiry resulted from Scopus database was used to conduct bibliometric and literature review. The number of publications used were within the last decade, namely from 2012 up to 2022. Annotated scores were used to analyze the trend and identify popular and potential publications. Annotated network and diagram of researchers’ network together to be analyzed and identified as a group of articles and researchers in various networking roles. Infiltering relevance resulted in about 1867 publications. Bibliographic analysis identified five groups of annotated and distinctive common authors/writers according to general geography, research focus, institutional inspiration, or affiliation. As a set of loosely related science, many researchers in systems thinking have developed various system thinking aspects based on underlying perspectives. A preliminary study was inspired by education-related literature, meanwhile another group adopted the largely inclusive comprehension which combined/integrated knowledge and related system approach. System thinking is concluded as a discussion topic that was getting popular in system thinking comprehension and its approaches in science are openly probable to be studied. In depth recognizing and developing these ideas and groups of authors/writers in system thinking literature can give clarification and possibility or instruction, research, and further developments.
Keywords: bibliographic, systems thinking, science education
Toponímia vigiense: a presença do tupi na toponímia de Vigia de Nazaré-PA
Authors: Santos Laís De Nazaré dos Santos , Rodrigues Carmen Lúcia Reis
Published: April 2024

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar considerações a respeito das influências do tupi nos nomes geográficos do município de Vigia de Nazaré, localizado no Nordeste do Pará. Trata-se de um recorte da dissertação de mestrado intitulada “Um estudo toponímico no município de Vigia de Nazaré-PA”, apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Linguagens e Saberes na Amazônia, da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) por Santos (2019). Nesse trabalho, foram analisados 78 topônimos, entre os quais 63 nomeiam comunidades e 15 designam rios e igarapés, sendo que a metade desses acidentes geográficos são nomeados por topônimos de origem tupi e os demais por topônimos portugueses. Para o propósito deste artigo, foram considerados apenas os nomes de lugares de origem tupi do município. Metodologicamente, realizou-se pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e de campo, teoricamente, ancorou-se, principalmente, nos pressupostos de Dick (1990a; 1990b).
Desafios dos migrantes para a ocupação e vivências na agrovila Leonardo D’Vinci, na rodovia transamazônica, na década de 1970
Authors: Santos da Costa Pedro Sérgio , Martins de Souza César , Herrera José Antônio
Published: April 2024

No projeto de construção da rodovia Transamazônica, 1970, estava prevista a implementação de núcleos populacionais para receber os migrantes e servir de base para o desenvolvimento da agricultura familiar, como a Agrovila Leonardo D’Vinci, próxima a Altamira. A partir de pesquisa de campo, observando o cotidiano e dialogando com moradores que chegaram na década de 1970, se evidencia os desafios e dificuldades que enfrentaram, o que acabou por expulsar diversas famílias, enquanto os que permaneceram precisaram reinventar suas práticas, ao mesmo tempo em que a própria agrovila era reinventada de sua proposta original. Assim, surgiram transformações nas paisagens e nas práticas sociais desde a chegada dos moradores, advindos de diversas regiões do país, que partiram para a Amazônia em busca de melhorias em suas condições de vida.
Sítio Benjamin: um engenho nas cercanias da Belém oitocentista
Authors: De Araújo Lucas Monteiro
Published: April 2024

Os mapas oitocentistas, com frequência, representam as cercanias da cidade de Belém, no atual estado do Pará, como um grande vazio demográfico. Essa região, todavia, desde finais do século XVII, já vinha sendo ocupada por chácaras, fazendas, sítios e engenhos pertencentes, principalmente, a membros da elite paraense, conforme mostram diversas cartas de doação e sesmaria do período. Algumas dessas propriedades despontam com frequência em pesquisas sobre a ocupação da capital do Pará, outras, no entanto, ainda permanecem desconhecidas ou pouco estudadas. Esse é o caso do Sítio Benjamin, também chamado engenho do Maguari, de posse do norte-americano Benjamin Upton. Os poucos registros que se tem sobre o local são, quase que exclusivamente, feitos por viajantes naturalistas que, em meados do século XIX, visitaram-no. Diante deste cenário de esquecimento, este artigo se propõe a desvelar a existência dessa propriedade, destacando sua possível localização hoje, bem como expor aspectos relativos à vida e ao trabalho naquele que foi um conhecido engenho de arroz oitocentista. Para tanto, centramos nossos esforços no estudo da produção bibliográfica de cinco viajantes, além de matérias jornalísticas e outras publicações nacionais e internacionais.
Estratégias de reprodução social nas elites paraenses: trajetórias sociais do grupo de parentesco Gama Lobo
Authors: Fonseca de Castro Fábio
Published: April 2024

O artigo indaga sobre a forma social das elites amazônicas e sobre as peculiaridades de suas estratégias de reprodução social. Observam-se seis gerações um grupo de parentesco em seus diversos ramos familiares, identificando as trajetórias sociais que perfazem nos contextos ambientais e produtivos presentes no espaço amazônico. Metodologicamente, propõe-se uma sociologia histórica do parentesco. Parte-se da abordagem prosopográfica, estabelecendo um conjunto de indivíduos e busca-se perceber as constantes nas suas estratégias de reprodução social e as suas dinâmicas de formação de redes. Ao dialogar com a sociologia e a historiografia brasileiras que investigam o parentesco de elite, o artigo contribui para, num plano relacionado ao conteúdo, interpretar as peculiaridades das famílias amazônicas de elite e, num plano metodológico, introduzir o conceito de grupo de parentesco. Conclui-se que as trajetórias se organizam por meio de processos de diminuição de riscos e entraves à reprodução dos aparelhos sociais de elite.
Comunidade Quilombola Vista Alegre: expansão da área do centro de lançamento de Alcântara e ameaças de deslocamento compulsório
Authors: Feitoza Ilnar Fernandes , Sant’Ana Júnior Horácio Antunes de
Published: April 2024

A expansão econômica, mecanismo historicamente utilizado pelo capitalismo para sair de crises, pode atingir a comunidade quilombola Vista Alegre, localizada em Alcântara, Maranhão, que possui biodiversidade que garante segurança alimentar para suas famílias pela pesca artesanal e agricultura familiar. Desde o início da implantação do Centro de Lançamento de Alcântara (CLA), nos anos 1980, e, especialmente no governo Bolsonaro, que assinou com os EUA o Acordo de Salvaguardas Tecnológicas (AST) para expansão e aluguel do CLA, seus moradores se encontram ameaçados de deslocamento compulsório. Por meio de trabalho de campo, o objetivo do artigo consiste em não só apresentar o resultado de entrevistas realizadas com 11 famílias em outubro de 2020, discutindo sua autossuficiência/dependência com relação ao mar e à terra, visto que 100% dos entrevistados têm excedente da produção para comercializar e 90,91% vendem pescados, como também levantar a situação de insegurança quanto à permanência da comunidade, além de contribuir com o debate sobre a disputa territorial entre quilombolas alcantarenses e o Estado brasileiro, apesar do Instituto Nacional de Colonização e Reforma Agrária (INCRA) reconhecer 78,1 mil hectares como território quilombola através da publicação do Relatório Técnico de Identificação e Delimitação (RTID).
Análisis de la implementación de resultados de aprendizaje en la educación superior: una revisión investigativa
Authors: Duran Chinchilla Claudia Marcela
Published: April 2024

La reflexión acerca de aspectos esenciales del acto pedagógico, la evaluación y el currículo en la educación superior es fundamental para su mejora continua. El propósito de este estudio se concentra en investigar la implementación de resultados de aprendizaje en las instituciones de educación superior. Para lograr esto, se realizó un profundo análisis bibliométrico que abarcó investigaciones nacionales e internacionales llevadas a cabo entre los años 2011 y 2022. La exploración se realizó en bases de datos reconocidas, como SciELO, ScienceDirect, Dialnet, así como en tesis de doctorado y maestría, y documentos guía disponibles en sitios web. Los resultados de esta revisión suministraron una perspectiva general del horizonte de investigaciones en torno a la implementación de resultados de aprendizaje. Se analizó la procedencia de las publicaciones, las principales fuentes de información, las metodologías utilizadas para el estudio y el alcance de los hallazgos. La revisión documenta una limitada cantidad de investigaciones tanto a nivel nacional como internacional en el campo de los resultados de aprendizaje. Este estudio acentúa la necesidad de una mayor atención a la investigación sobre resultados de aprendizaje en la educación superior, lo que puede contribuir significativamente a mejorar la calidad de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje en estas instituciones.
Dificultades generales para publicar en revistas de investigación: el caso de la investigación filosófica
Authors: Peña Castaño Juan Manuel , Vélez Medina Bibiana
Published: April 2024

La actividad filosófica profesional en Colombia ha aumentado en un alto grado durante las últimas décadas. En libros sobre la filosofía en Colombia como los escritos por Rubén Sierra Mejía o Carolina Rodríguez en la Filosofía Analítica en Colombia indican un alto crecimiento de la actividad filosófica en las universidades colombianas. Diversos documentos sustentan el aumento de publicaciones en filosofía, principalmente libros, tesis y algunas revistas especializadas. Sin embargo, en los últimos 20 años las dinámicas de publicación y visibilización de la producción académica e intelectual relacionada con las universidades se ha decantado hacia los artículos de investigación frente a los libros, incluso en las ciencias humanas. Estos cambios en las dinámicas de producción intelectual han sido en muchas ocasiones motivados no solo por la validación del saber de las comunidades académicas y científicas, sino también por motivos de gestión administrativa del conocimiento. Frente a dicha situación el panorama de la producción filosófica profesional se encuentra en medio de una alta tensión, pues, como en la mayoría de saberes de las llamadas ciencias humanas, revistas y libros han sido lo natural del ecosistema editorial de la producción intelectual.
Electrochemical reduction of CO to liquid C2+ with high Faradaic efficiency of amorphous CuO hybrid material wrapped in carbon and silica
Authors: Yang Yue-Xia , He Zhen-Hong , Cao Hui-Hui , Sun Yong-Chang , Tian Yue , Liu Jiajie , Wang Weitao , Wang Huan , Yang Yang , Liu Zhao-Tie
Published: April 2024

Carbon monoxide (CO) is well recognized as one of the key intermediates for carbon dioxide (CO2) electrolytic reduction to C2+ products, which has been a hot research field recently. Developing an efficient catalyst that focuses on achieving C-C coupling is highly important for the production of C2+ products. In the present work, we present a feasible approach via the combination of electrostatic assembly and the hydrothermal method of coupling silicon polyanions and copper salts to build an amorphous copper hybrid material wrapped in carbon-silica, denoted as CuO@C-SiO2-X (where X means preparation temperature), as an efficient electrocatalyst for carbon monoxide reduction mainly to liquid C2+ products. The CuO@C-SiO2-X catalyst demonstrated excellent electrocatalytic activity and selectivity, especially to C2+ liquid products with the highest Faradaic efficiency of 81.5%. Additionally, the catalyst showed good stability. The presence of carbon enhanced electronic conductivity, and the silica protected the amorphous CuO from aggregation into crystalline structures. The present work not only provides an efficient catalyst for CO electrocatalytic reduction to liquid C2+ chemicals but also offers a protocol for building Cu-based catalysts with high selectivity to C2+ products in CO reduction.
Systemy inteligentne w sieci Internet
Authors: Bartkiewicz Witold , Dembowski Przemysław , Zieliński Jerzy Stanisław
Published: April 2024

Książka poświęcona jest inteligentnym systemom informatycznym w organizacji, wykorzystującym rozproszone źródła informacji niestrukturalnej dostępne w sieci Internet.
W przeciwieństwie do strukturalnych źródeł danych (w formie plikowej lub baz danych) wykorzystywanych przez tradycyjne systemy informatyczne zarządzania, źródła internetowe mają charakter przede wszystkim dokumentów nieposiadających ściśle zdefiniowanej struktury semantycznej i schematu zawartości. Uzyskanie wyższej jakości przetwarzania tego rodzaju informacji niestrukturalnej wymaga inteligentnego zachowania systemu informatycznego, przede wszystkim w formie „zrozumienia” analizowanego dokumentu.
Effectiveness of the method for selecting rotary-steerable systems based on the machine learning algorithm Random Forest Classifier
Authors: Nikishin Vyacheslav V. , Blinov Pavel A. , Terekhin Vadim A.
Published: April 2024

Relevance. Urgent need to consider and determine possible ways to use machine learning methods in drilling industry, since artificial intelligence is developing rapidly. Achieving this task will provide industrial enterprises with a huge competitive advantage and make an important contribution to the scientific community for its future research. This is emphasized by such regulations as the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated 10.10.2019 G. No. 490 "On the development of Artificial Intelligence in the Russian Federation" and "The National Strategy for the Development of Artificial Intelligence for the period up to 2030". Aim. To study the effectiveness of using the machine learning method Random Forest Classifier, to develop methods for selecting rotary-steerable systems, to consider the efficiency of machine learning to determine target parameters when solving the task assigned to it within the drilling industry and to determine the approximate amount of time that can be spent by the algorithm to work out a possible solution. Object. Random Forest Classifier machine learning method in the conditions of solving a problem from the drilling industry on the selection of an optimal rotary-steerable system for specifically specified conditions. Methods. The authors have performed two computational experiments using two computing and electronic machines, namely a laptop and a remote server, the prerequisite for which was the data collected and analyzed on the basis of the study of the scientific literature in the field of research. This article explores the possibility of using the machine learning method Random Forest Classifier, to optimize well construction, using the example of developing a method for selecting rotary-steerable systems. Computational experiments were performed on two computers using the Python programming language, version 3.8.10, as well as the following libraries: NumPy, Pandas, Scikit-learn. Results. The computational experiments carried out proved the ability of the considered method to solve the problems of choosing suitable drilling equipment, an example of which was rotary-steerable systems. This method is able to independently determine the dependencies necessary to perform the task and spends a small amount of time on this process. The totality of these conclusions makes it possible to unequivocally assert the expediency and necessity of developing new approaches to the use of machine learning methods in the drilling industry, as well as performing multiple scientific studies on the possibilities of using machine learning in well construction and analyzing their effectiveness, since this direction is advanced and can radically change existing ideas about the processes occurring during well drilling.
Optimal temperatures for measuring oil viscosity to restore its viscosity-temperature dependence according to the Filonov–Reynolds, Walter and Vogel–Fulcher–Tamman formulas
Authors: Valeev Anvar R. , Tashbulatov Radmir R. , Barabanshchikova Tatiana A.
Published: April 2024

Relevance. Increase in the number of high-viscosity and non-Newtonian oils produced and transported. For such oils, it is important to accurately predict the rheological properties and, in particular, the viscosity-temperature dependence. Viscosity measurement for a wide range of different temperatures is excessively time-consuming and irrational, and in practice, viscosity measurement is used at two or three different temperatures and then conversion formulas are used. It is also important to clarify, which formulas and for which oils should be used to obtain the smallest error. It is important, in particular, to determine the optimal temperatures for measuring the viscosity of oil to restore its viscosity-temperature dependence. Aim. To determine the optimal temperatures for measuring oil viscosity to restore its viscosity-temperature dependence using the Filonov–Reynolds, Walter and Vogel–Fulcher–Tamman formulas, including when calculating for the entire available temperature range. Objects. Viscosity-temperature dependences of oils from the Directory of oils of the USSR. Methods. Processing the viscosity measurement data for 564 oils from the USSR Oil Directory; construction of approximating viscosity-temperature dependencies; determination of error when using the obtained dependencies, including using cross-validation. Results. The authors have calculated the error in application of the Filonov–Reynolds, Walter, Vogel–Fulcher–Tamman formulas, using over 500 oils as an example. It was found that with a random choice of temperatures for measuring viscosity, the minimum average error at another temperature for these formulas is, respectively, 13.8, 10.7 and 6.2%. The use of the Filonov–Reynolds formula is undesirable for calculating viscosity at low temperatures. The Vogel–Fulcher–Tamman formula shows the best results in calculating viscosity when using temperatures of 30–50–70 and 10–30–50°C.
Desenleştirilmiş Karma Verilerin Transfer Öğrenme Yöntemi Kullanılarak Evrişimli Sinir Ağlarıyla Sınıflandırılması
Authors: Elmas Bahadır , Özdamar Elif Özge
Published: April 2024

Teknolojik ve bilimsel gelişmeler, farklı yapı ve boyuttaki veri setlerini görselleştirmeyi ve analiz etmeyi zorunlu hale getirmiştir. Veri görselleştirmede kullanılan grafikler hem tanımsal hem de analizleri destekleyici olarak keşifsel amaçlarla uygulanmaktadır. Grafikler, veri setlerindeki zaman, mekân, akış, ilişki, belirsizlik ve hiyerarşi gibi yapı ve olguları ortaya çıkarmak için de kullanılmaktadır. Günümüz araştırmalarında kullanılan veri setleri sadece nominal, ordinal ve / veya nümerik değişkenlerden (karma veri seti) oluşan yapısal veri setlerini içermemekte, yarı yapısal ya da yapısal olmayan veri setlerini de barındırmaktadır. Söz konusu veri setlerinde evrişimli sinir ağlarının başarısı literatürdeki birçok araştırmayla kanıtlanmıştır. Bu çalışma, yapısal veri setleri üzerinde evrişimli sinir ağlarını transfer öğrenme yöntemi ile eğiterek uygulayabilmek için bir yöntem önermektedir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, literatürde çeşitli araştırmalarda kullanılan dokuz adet yapısal veri seti üzerinde önerilen yaklaşım uygulanarak, ağların ölçülen başarısı aynı veri setleriyle çalışılan literatürdeki diğer çalışmalarla karşılaştırılmış ve daha iyi sonuçlar elde edilmiştir.
Editorial Especial Conexões, 25 anos
Authors: Gebara Ademir , Proni Marcelo Weishaupt
Published: April 2024

A “Conexões” completa 25 anos. Este editorial especial foi escrito pelos principais pesquisadores responsáveis pela sua criação, descrevendo como surgiu a necessidade de um periódico dedicado à disseminação de estudos multidisciplinares no campo da Educação, Esporte e Lazer, a partir, inicialmente, de uma rede de intercâmbio da comunidade acadêmica formada por historiadores e cientistas sociais. Portanto, a revista "Conexões: Educação, Esporte, Lazer" surgiu como resultado do esforço coletivo liderado pelo "Grupo de História da Faculdade de Educação Física" na UNICAMP, visando oferecer um canal de difusão de conhecimentos, promovendo debates por meio de um espaço aberto a uma diversidade de temas e matrizes teóricos, abarcando a produção tanto de autores renomados quanto jovens pesquisadores.
Variabilidade da frequência cardíaca é reduzida em adolescentes obesos com menor aptidão cardiorrespiratória
Authors: Reck Higor Barbosa , Porto Fernanda Errero , Nunes Jonathan Henrique Carvalho , Locatelli João Carlos , Costa Carla Eloise , Lopes Wendell Arthur
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: El objetivo del presente estúdio fue verificar la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca (VFC) de niños y adolescentes según el estado nutricional (IMC) y el nivel de condición física. Metodología: El presente estúdio tuvo um diseño transversal, conformado por 52 adolescentes, de ambos sexos (48% niñas), com edades entre 10 y 17 años. La masa corporal se evaluó mediante una báscula digital electrónica, la circunferencia de la cintura mediante una cinta inelástica y el porcentaje de grasa estimado (%GC) mediante una ecuación de pliegues cutáneos mediante um adipómetro. La maduración somática se estimó utilizando la fórmula de Velocidad Máxima de Crecimiento (PVC). La aptitud cardiorrespiratoria (CRF) se evaluó mediante la prueba de ejercicio submáximo en cinta rodante y la VFC mediante un monitor de frecuencia cardíaca durante 10 minutos enreposo. Resultados: No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas em los parámetros de VFC entre los grupos obesos y eutróficos. Sin embargo, al dividir según ACR, se encontró que los adolescentes obesos con menor ACR tenían valores más bajos de RMSSD (p<0,05) em comparación com las personas obesas con niveles más altos de ACR. Conclusión: Los niveles bajos de ACR pueden provocar disfunción autonómica cardíaca en adolescentes independientemente de la presencia de obesidad.
Burnout em Atletas de Futebol Sub-20
Authors: Favacho João Vitor Figueiredo , Paula Roselane de Almeida , Narciso Bruno Agostinho , Frizzi Júnior Antônio Cícero , Chiminazzo João Guilherme Cren , Pires Daniel Alvarez
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Identificar a prevalência de síndrome de burnout e comparar a percepção da síndrome pré e pós-temporada em atletas sub-20 de futebol de campo. Metodologia: Participaram do estudo 48 atletas do sexo masculino de 5 clubes profissionais, com média de idade de 18,5 ± 0,7 anos. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se uma ficha sociodemográfica e o Questionário de Burnout para Atletas (QBA). Para as médias das dimensões e burnout total foi utilizada a estatística descritiva. A normalidade dos dados foi considerada não-paramétrica por meio do teste de Shapiro-Wilk. Em seguida foi utilizado o teste de Wilcoxon para avaliar possíveis diferenças de sentimentos de burnout pré e pós-temporada. O nível de significância adotado foi p< 0,05. O tamanho de efeito foi medido pelo teste d de Cohen. Resultados e Discussão: Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas nas variações de sentimentos de burnout total e por dimensões antes e após a temporada (p>0,05) e o tamanho de efeito das comparações foi considerado pequeno (Cohen d < 0, 30). Conclusão: Os atletas apresentaram baixa prevalência de síndrome de burnout, tanto no início quanto no final da temporada. Quanto à percepção das dimensões de burnout, os atletas não apresentaram altos níveis, o que pode sinalizar que os atletas conseguem lidar de maneira adaptativa com as demandas tanto no âmbito esportivo como pessoal.
Shedding light on the role of LAG-3 in hepatocellular carcinoma: unraveling immunomodulatory pathways
Authors: Arvanitakis Konstantinos , Papadakos Stavros P. , Vakadaris Georgios , Chatzikalil Elena , Stergiou Ioanna E. , Kalopitas Georgios , Theocharis Stamatios , Germanidis Georgios
Published: April 2024

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) stands as a primary malignant liver tumor characterized by chronic inflammation and complex alterations within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3), also known as CD223, has gained prominence as a potential next-generation immune checkpoint, maintaining continuous expression in response to persistent antigen exposure within the TME, warranting our attention. In patients with HCC, LAG-3 expression on T cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs), and natural killer (NK) cells contributes to immune evasion, while high expression of LAG-3 leads to increased angiogenesis and poor prognosis. By interacting with major histocompatibility complex class II molecules, LAG-3 promotes T cell exhaustion and suppresses antitumor responses, often in collaboration with other immune checkpoints like programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), while on Tregs and NK cells, LAG-3 modulates their suppressive functions, indirectly facilitating tumor immune escape. LAG-3 expression may offer prognostic insights, correlating with disease progression and outcomes in HCC patients, while various preclinical studies highlight the potential of LAG-3-targeted therapies in reinvigorating immune responses against HCC, with a few combination approaches targeting LAG-3 alongside other checkpoints demonstrating synergistic effects in restoring T cell function. Therefore, harnessing LAG-3 as a therapeutic target holds promise for enhancing antitumor immunity and potentially improving HCC treatment outcomes. Our narrative review aims to delve into the full spectrum of LAG-3 signaling in HCC, with the goal of a better understanding of the pathophysiological and immunological basis of its use to arrest HCC growth and development.
Analysis of the fermentation kinetics and gut microbiota modulatory effect of dried chicory root reveals the impact of the plant-cell matrix rationalizing its conversion in the distal colon
Authors: Puhlmann Marie-Luise , van de Rakt Ember , Kerezoudi Evangelia N. , Rangel Ignacio , Brummer Robert J. , Smidt Hauke , Kaper Frederik S. , de Vos Willem M.
Published: April 2024

Aim: The cell matrix of plant foods has received little attention in prebiotic fiber research. We aimed to understand the impact of the plant cell matrix in dried chicory root on its breakdown in the human gut to explain its reported beneficial effects on gut and metabolic health.

Methods: We applied in vitro digestion and fermentation models together with an ex vivo gut barrier integrity model. Plant cell matrix intactness in the upper gastrointestinal tract was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. Colonic breakdown of inulin, and chicory root cubes and powder was assessed by gut microbiota analysis using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and determining the kinetics of changes in pH, gas, and short-chain fatty acid production (SCFA). Finally, effects on gut barrier integrity were explored by exposing colonic biopsies to fermentation supernatants in an Ussing chamber model.

Results: The plant cell matrix of dried chicory root cubes remained intact throughout upper gastrointestinal transit. Dried chicory root fermentation resulted in higher final relative abundances of pectin-degrading Monoglobus and butyrate-producing Roseburia spp. compared to inulin and a seven-fold increase in Bifidobacterium spp. in donors where these species were present. Dried chicory root cubes yielded similar total SCFAs but higher final butyrate levels than chicory root powder or isolated inulin with less gas produced. No uniform but donor-specific effects of fermentation supernatants on the maintenance of gut barrier integrity were detected.

Conclusion: The intact plant cell matrix of dried chicory root affected its colonic breakdown kinetics and microbiota, underpinning its beneficial effect in vivo .
Beszámoló az ELTE Tanárképző Központjának Mester és Tanítvány országos tanárképzési konferenciájáról
Authors: Gonda Zsuzsa
Published: April 2024

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A Narrative Assessment Protocol módszertanának adaptálási lehetőségei a magyar nyelvre
Authors: Murányi Sarolta
Published: April 2024

A narratív készség vizsgálatára a nemzetközi szakirodalomban számos példa található, ennek ellenére magyar nyelven még nem áll rendelkezésre ilyen mérőeljárás. A tanulmány az angol nyelvű, narratív készséget mérő Narrative Assessment Protocol pontozási rendszerének magyar nyelvű adaptálását mutatja be. Az angol nyelvű protokoll módszertanát követő vizsgálatban 48 óvodás (3–6 évesek) vett rész. A kísérlet elemzési szempontjai között az elmesélt történetek struktúrájának, kronológiájának, időbeliségének a vizsgálata és a történetegységek elemzése szerepelt. Az eredmények alapján elmondható, hogy a Narrative Assessment Protocol makroszerkezetre vonatkozó szempontjai jól használhatók magyar nyelven is.
Török jövevényszók adaptációja: egy vizsgálat eredményeinek alkalmazási lehetőségei a magyar nyelvi órán
Authors: Yalçınkaya Ali Can , Szentgyörgyi Szilárd , Parapatics Andrea
Published: April 2024

A tanulmány nyugati ótörök jövevényszók adaptációjának folyamatával és a téma tanításának lehetőségeivel foglalkozik. A dolgozat első, elméleti része rövid összefoglalót nyújt a nyelvrokonság és a török jövevényszók kutatásáról, majd az adaptációs folyamatokat vizsgáló kvantitatív jellegű kutatás legfőbb eredményeiről. A dolgozat második felében a nyelvtörténet témakörének iskolai tanítása során alkalmazható feladatokat mutat be, amelyek az említett kutatás eredményeinek a felhasználásával születtek. Céljuk, hogy segítsék a szókölcsönzés folyamatának megértését, néhány jövevényszó emlékezetbe vésését, felkeltsék az érdeklődést a magyar és más nyelvek történetének a vizsgálata, de akár a mai török nyelv és kultúra megismerése iránt.
Tárgyalástechnika az anyanyelvi nevelésben
Authors: Boronkai Dóra
Published: April 2024

A tanulmány a tárgyalástechnika alkalmazási lehetőségeit kutatja az anyanyelvi nevelésben. Az elméleti bevezetés a tárgyalást a vita egyik altípusaként, a racionális érvelő vitától megkülönböztetve mutatja be. Ezt követően arra hoz példát, hogy a tárgyalástechnikai gyakorlatok hogyan alkalmazhatók a pragmatika és a retorika oktatásának a területén. Ezeken a témakörökön belül elsősorban a beszédaktus-elmélet, a grice-i társalgási maximák, a homlokzatóvás és a homlokzatfenyegetés, valamint a meggyőző érvelés kérdésére fókuszál. Mindezt egy saját fejlesztésű kártyajáték tanórai alkalmazásával teszi, amelyhez a Nemzeti alaptantervben meghatározott fő anyanyelvi fejlesztési területek (például szövegértés, szövegalkotás, véleményalkotás, anyanyelvi ismeretek) kapcsolhatók. Emellett a kártyajáték a társas tanulás lehetőségeit kihasználva alkalmas egyéb kulcskompetencia-területek (például kommunikáció, személyes és társas kompetenciák, kreativitás, önkifejezés, kulturális tudatosság) fejlesztésére is.
Pál Helén Segédletek nyelvjárástani ismeretek tanításához (Tóth Rebeka)
Authors: Tóth Rebeka
Published: April 2024

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Az Educational Linguistics folyóirat
Authors: Rási Szilvia
Published: April 2024

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Correction of Equinus Deformity by Ilizarov Frame Using the Matsushita Method and Achilles Tendon Lengthening
Authors: Kanetani Komei , Kimura Tadashi , Yamashita Nori , Kisamori Kazuki , Saito Mitsuru , Kubota Makoto
Published: April 2024

Case:

The patient was an 18-year-old man who had sustained diaphyseal fractures of the left femur and tibia in a traffic accident and underwent surgery at another hospital. A severe left foot equinovarus deformity developed in the early after surgery. The patient's left foot deformity was addressed using unconstrained gradual external fixator correction (the Matsushita method) in combination with soft-tissue contracture through Achilles tendon lengthening and was maintained after removing the external fixation.

Conclusion:

The Matsushita method can be effective in the correction of post-traumatic equinovarus foot deformities.
Idiopathic Avascular Necrosis of the Capitate Treated with a Medial Femoral Trochlea Vascularized Osteochondral Flap
Authors: Kozusko Steven D. , Hassebrock Jeffrey D. , Chhabra A. Bobby , Freilich Aaron M. , DeGeorge Brent R.
Published: April 2024

Case:

Capitate avascular necrosis should be entertained in a differential diagnosis of young, active adults with midcarpal wrist pain. We present a case study of a 30-year-old laborer who developed avascular necrosis (AVN) of his right proximal capitate. Grip strength and wrist motion were limited on examination, with advanced imaging confirming AVN. A diagnostic arthroscopy confirmed the pathology. Treatment was completed with a medial femoral trochlea vascularized flap for cartilaginous resurfacing. At 10-month follow-up, the patient's capitate was healed with stable fixation, and he is working full-time as a laborer without restrictions.

Conclusion:

AVN of the capitate is a unique and challenging articular pathology that requires a thoughtful preoperative evaluation and meticulous surgical technique to reconstruct. The medial femoral trochlea (MFT) vascularized bone transfer with cartilaginous resurfacing is 1 available treatment option. This flap is harvested from the medial femur using microsurgical techniques, based on the descending genicular artery. Using a 2-surgeon approach, simultaneous dissection of the AVN is completed at the wrist. This flap is a vascularized option that can be used for both AVN and nonunion with structural deformity before salvage surgeries.
Chemoproteomics validates selective targeting of Plasmodium M1 alanyl aminopeptidase as an antimalarial strategy
Authors: Creek Darren , Giannangelo Carlo , Challis Matthew , Siddiqui Ghizal , Edgar Rebecca , Malcolm Tess , Webb Chaille , Drinkwater Nyssa , Vinh Natalie , MacRaild Christopher , Counihan Natalie , Duffy Sandra , Wittlin Sergio , Devine Shane , Avery Vicky , de Koning-Ward Tania , Scammells Peter , McGowan Sheena
Published: April 2024

New antimalarial drug candidates that act via novel mechanisms are urgently needed to combat malaria drug resistance. Here, we describe the multi-omic chemical validation of Plasmodium M1 alanyl metalloaminopeptidase as an attractive drug target using the selective inhibitor, MIPS2673. MIPS2673 demonstrated potent inhibition of recombinant Plasmodium falciparum (PfA-M1) and Plasmodium vivax (PvA-M1) M1 metalloaminopeptidases, with selectivity over other Plasmodium and human aminopeptidases, and displayed excellent in vitro antimalarial activity with no significant host cytotoxicity. Orthogonal label-free chemoproteomic methods based on thermal stability and limited proteolysis of whole parasite lysates revealed that MIPS2673 solely targets PfA-M1 in parasites, with limited proteolysis also enabling estimation of the binding site on PfA-M1 to within ~5 Å of that determined by X-ray crystallography. Finally, functional investigation by untargeted metabolomics demonstrated that MIPS2673 inhibits the key role of PfA-M1 in haemoglobin digestion. Combined, our unbiased multi-omic target deconvolution methods confirmed the on-target activity of MIPS2673, and validated selective inhibition of M1 alanyl metalloaminopeptidase as a promising antimalarial strategy.
Improved longevity of actomyosin in vitro motility assays for sustainable lab-on-a-chip applications
Authors: Melbacke Andreas , Salhotra Aseem , Usaj Marko , Månsson Alf
Published: April 2024

In the in vitro motility assay (IVMA), actin filaments are observed while propelled by surface-adsorbed myosin motor fragments such as heavy meromyosin (HMM). In addition to fundamental studies, the IVMA is the basis for a range of lab-on-a-chip applications, e.g. transport of cargoes in nanofabricated channels in nanoseparation/biosensing or the solution of combinatorial mathematical problems in network-based biocomputation. In these applications, prolonged myosin function is critical as is the potential to repeatedly exchange experimental solutions without functional deterioration. We here elucidate key factors of importance in these regards. Our findings support a hypothesis that early deterioration in the IVMA is primarily due to oxygen entrance into in vitro motility assay flow cells. In the presence of a typically used oxygen scavenger mixture (glucose oxidase, glucose, and catalase), this leads to pH reduction by a glucose oxidase-catalyzed reaction between glucose and oxygen but also contributes to functional deterioration by other mechanisms. Our studies further demonstrate challenges associated with evaporation and loss of actin filaments with time. However, over 8 h at 21-26 oC, there is no significant surface desorption or denaturation of HMM if solutions are exchanged manually every 30 min. We arrive at an optimized protocol with repeated exchange of carefully degassed assay solution of 45 mM ionic strength, at 30 min intervals. This is sufficient to maintain the high-quality function in an IVMA over 8 h at 21-26 oC, provided that fresh actin filaments are re-supplied in connection with each assay solution exchange. Finally, we demonstrate adaptation to a microfluidic platform and identify challenges that remain to be solved for real lab-on-a-chip applications.
Exosomal PD-L1 induces MDSCs accumulation through IL-6/STAT3 pathway in gastric cancer
Authors: Li Huaizhi , Chen Xu , Zheng Shanshan , Han Bo , Zhang Xiang , Zheng Xiaoxia , Lu Yujia , Sun Qingmin , Hu Xufeng , Wu Jian
Published: April 2024

Background.
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are the major factor in gastric cancer (GC) immune evasion. Nevertheless, the molecular process behind the expansion of MDSCs brought by tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs) remains elusive.
Methods.
Ninety GC patients had their levels of exosomal and soluble PD-L1 examined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent test (ELISA) to determine their prognostic value. To investigate the correlation between exosomal PD-L1 and MDSCs, the percentage of MDSCs in the peripheral blood of 57 GC patients was assessed by flow cytometry. Through the application of ultracentrifugation, exosomes were separated from the GC cell supernatant and detected via Western blotting, NTA, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The function of exosomal PD-L1 in MDSCs was evaluated using immunofluorescence, western blotting and flow cytometry in GC cells-derived xenograft (CDX) model.
Results.
The overall survival (OS) of GC patients in the high exosomal PD-L1 group was significantly lower than that in the low exosomal PD-L1 group, however, there was no a significant correlation between soluble PD-L1 and OS in GC patients. Furthermore, we found that the expression of exosomal PD-L1 was positively correlated with the proportion of polymorphonuclear MDSCs (PMN-MDSCs, r = 0.4944, P < 0.001) and monocytic MDSCs (M-MDSCs, r = 0.3663, P = 0.005) in GC patients, indicating that exosomal PD-L1 might induce immune suppression by promoting the aggregation of MDSCs. In addition, we found that exosomal PD-L1 might stimulate MDSC proliferation by triggering the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway in vitro. The CDX model confirmed that exosomal PD-L1 could stimulate tumor development and MDSC amplification.
Conclusions.
Exosomal PD-L1 is linked to a poor prognosis for GC patients, which is due to the stronger activation to MDSCs by exosomal PD-L1 through the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway.
Synthesizing and Simulating Look-Ahead Clock Gating Technique
Authors: Pradeep Jinka
Published: April 2024

Clock gating serves as an effective means to diminish the power consumption of digital systems. Among the three recognized gating methods—data-driven, latch-based, and And-gate-based—the data-driven approach stands out as the most prevalent. However, it often renders a significant portion of clock pulses driving the flip-flops (FFs) redundant. While it delivers substantial power savings, its implementation complexity and dependence on specific applications pose challenges. Conversely, the and-gate-based method offers simplicity but results in comparatively minor power reductions. This paper introduces a pioneering approach known as the Look-Ahead Clock Gating Technique, which amalgamates all three methods. Leveraging latch-based FFs, this technique calculates the clock enabling signals for each FF one cycle in advance, based on the current cycle data of dependent FFs.
Biodegradation of polypropylene in presence of chromium mediated by Stenotrophomonas sp. and Lysinibacillus sp. isolated from wetland sediments
Authors: Denaro María Azul , Olivelli Melisa , Bernabeu Pamela Romina
Published: April 2024

The advance of industrialization and globalization has been deteriorating nature by introducing components that compromise the holistic functioning of the environment. Plastics and heavy metals are widely integrated into our daily lives, and both production and consumption generate waste whose final disposal is not adequately managed. In the present work, two bioremediation mechanisms mediated by native microorganisms isolated from wetland sediments were studied. The presence of both contaminants has been reported at these sites. Bacteria were grouped according to their morphology and metabolic characteristics. The decisive criterion for choosing the bacteria for further tests was biofilm formation. This capacity is reported to be the initial step in the biodegradation of plastics. The best 5 bacteria that showed high biofilm formation were evaluated for their ability to biodegrade polypropylene and, in separate systems, their ability to grow at different chromium concentrations and to bioreduce the heavy metal to its harmless form. The three best-performing bacteria were selected to evaluate their growth in batch systems containing both pollutants. Polypropylene was biodegraded under the established conditions, and results indicated that two of the bacteria responsible for this degradation belong to the genus Stenotrophomonas and the third to Lysinibacillus. These genera have been reported as polypropylene biodegraders, but not in the presence of other contaminants. The results presented in this work may serve as a starting point for new studies that will allow the future application of native microorganisms from contaminated environments in bioremediation processes.
Cooking Robot Mastery: Learning Online Motion Generation with Active Perception
Authors: Saito Namiko , Tatsumi Mayu , Kubo Ayuna , Suzuki Kanata , Ito Hiroshi , Sugano Shigeki , Ogata Tetsuya
Published: April 2024

To support humans in their daily lives, robots are required to autonomously learn, adapt to objects and environments, and perform the appropriate actions. We tackled cooking scrambled eggs using real ingredients, in which the robot needs to perceive the states of the egg and adjust stirring movement on the fly, while the egg is heated and the state changes continuously. In previous works, handling changing objects was found to be challenging because sensory information includes dynamical, both important or noisy information, and the modality which should be focused on changes every time, making it difficult to realize both perception and motion generation in real-time. We propose a predictive recurrent neural network with an attention mechanism that can weigh the sensor input, distinguishing how important and reliable each modality is, and that realizes quick and efficient perception and motion generation. We validated the proposed technique using the physical humanoid robot, Dry-AIREC.
TPF induction chemotherapy versus PF adjuvant chemotherapy plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a multicenter, randomized controlled phase III trial
Authors: Jin Feng , He Qianyong , Li Yuanyuan , Long Jinhua , Luo Xiuling , Gong Xiuyun , Wu Weili , Chen Xiaoxiao , Ma Faqiang , Gou Xiaoxia , Luo LI , Liu Lina , Li Zhuoling , Zhao Chaofen , Wu Huajing
Published: April 2024

The efficacy and safety of TPF-induced chemotherapy(IC) combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy(CCRT) compared to CCRT and sequential PF-adjuvant chemotherapy(AC) lack randomized controlled clinical trials for evaluation, so the comparative efficacy and safety between the two approaches remain unclear. In this phase III trial(NCT03574324), 266 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to either the IC group or the AC group. The IC group received TPF followed by CCRT, while the AC group received CCRT followed by PF. We are reporting on the primary outcome of progression-free survival (PFS) and secondary endpoints of overall survival(OS), locoregional relapse-free survival(LRFS), distant metastasis-free survival(DMFS), and toxicity profile. The 3-year PFS was similar between the two groups, with 79% for the IC group and 74.5% for the AC group (P = 0.454) at a median follow-up of 39 months. Similar findings were observed with no significant disparities in terms of OS, LRFS, and DMFS between the two treatment cohorts. Both groups had similar compliance rates for radiotherapy and chemotherapy, but the IC group experienced fewer toxic effects during CCRT, such as swallowing and dryness (40 [30.53%] vs 56 [43.75%] patients and 58 [44.27%] vs 86 [67.19%] patients, respectively).In this randomized clinical trial, IC did not improve 3-year PFS for LA-NPC patients but it did reduce the incidence rates of swallowing and dry mouth during radiotherapy.
Intein-mediated split SaCas9 for genome editing in plants
Authors: Sun Yongwei , Hu Danling , Hu Lizhe , Lu Yaqiang , Dong Xiao , Cao Xingyu , Bai Shasha , Qi Zhi , Li Dongming , Zhang Lingang
Published: April 2024

Virus-induced genome editing (VIGE) technologies have been developed to address the limitations of plant genome editing, which heavily relies on genetic transformation and regeneration. However, the application of VIGE in plants is hampered by the challenge posed by the size of the commonly used gene-editing nucleases, Cas9 and Cas12a. To address this challenge, our study explores the potential application of inteins in VIGE, internal protein elements known for mediating post-translational protein splicing by self-excising from precursor proteins and ligating adjacent protein sequences. We demonstrate that an intein-mediated split SaCas9 system not only functions effectively in plant genome editing but also achieves efficiency comparable to that of the wild-type SaCas9. Importantly, we have successfully implemented VIGE using this intein-mediated split SaCas9 system in sheepgrass, a Gramineae forage that is notoriously difficult to genetically transform.