bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Case of an IT-Enabled Organizational Change Intervention
Authors: Wang Bing , Paper David
Published: February 2011

This case study documents an organizational change intervention concerning the implementation of a novel information technology at a university-owned research foundation (URF). It evidences the disparate expectations and reactions by key actors toward the change event, marking a mismatch between a new paradigm required by the new technology and existing information technology practices. Drawing upon change management and management information systems (MIS) literature, we discuss the perceived change management issues hindering the change process at URF. Our discussion is tempered by a theoretical lens that attempts to integrate the literature bases drawn upon in this research. In particular, resistance from in-house IT specialists was observed as the strongest force obstructing the novel IT implementation. This study offers a forum to stimulate both researchers and practitioners to rethink the necessary elements required to enact change, especially with respect to novel IT implementations.
Siemens
Authors: Heier Hauke , Borgman Hans P. , Manuth Andreas
Published: February 2011

The case study describes the issues surrounding the expansion of the community-based knowledge management system (KMS) ShareNet to the research and development (R&D) function at Siemens Information and Communication Networks (ICN). It sets the stage for a decision situation that Siemens ICN’s vice president business transformation and knowledge management, Janina Kugel, faced in 2003. While R&D usage rates differed not remarkably from other Siemens ICN functions, a strategic emphasis on innovative products and services — as well as ambitious targets for leveraging offshore development resources — necessitated a stronger penetration of this highly relevant function. Could this extension build on earlier experiences gained with the best practice implementation approach at the sales and marketing function? The case description provides a chronological account of ShareNet’s conceptualization, development, international rollout, and operation. It pays attention to information systems (IS) implementation issues, change management, and current developments in the field of knowledge management (KM).
ERP Implementation for Production Planning at EA Cakes Ltd.
Authors: Portougal Victor
Published: February 2011

This case details the implementation of the Systems Applications & Products (SAP) Production Planning module at EA Cakes Ltd. The market forced the company to change its sales and production strategy from “make-to-order” to “make-to-stock.” The decision to change the strategy involved not only the company’s decision to invest much more money in accumulation and keeping stocks of finished goods, it required a complete redesign of its production planning system, which was an integral part of an ERP system that used SAP software. A team of IT specialists and production planning personnel was formed for designing computer support for the new production planning system business processes. There was no consensus in the design group. IT specialists were sure that existing SAP software could provide adequate computer support. The production planning staff had doubts that SAP modules are relevant to their business processes. They argued that poor fit between the business processes implicit in the software and the business processes of EA Cakes will result in failure. To resolve the problem, the management invited a consulting company. The consultants suggested quickly designing a rough prototype system. Analyzing this system would help the working group to reach a consensus. Apart from giving adequate computer support to the new production planning system, the SAP implementation had to solve several implementation problems identified by consultants. The question is: can a standard software system like SAP give adequate computer support to an individually designed business management system?
Development of an Information Kiosk for a Large Transport Company
Authors: Blignaut Pieter , Cruywagen Iann
Published: February 2011

An information kiosk system is a computer-based information system in a publicly accessible place. Such a system was developed for a large public transport company to provide African commuters with limited educational background with up-to-date information on schedules and ticket prices while also presenting general company information in a graphically attractive way. The challenges regarding liaison with passengers are highlighted and the use of a touchscreen kiosk to supplement current liaison media is justified. System architecture is motivated and special services offered by the system are discussed. Several lessons were learned regarding the implementation of such a system in general, as well as in this environment specifically. An online survey indicated that the system fulfils its role of providing useful information in an accessible medium to commuters in a reasonable time.
Change Management of People & Technology in an ERP Implementation
Authors: Edwards Helen M. , Humphries Lynne P.
Published: February 2011

PowerIT is an autonomous company of about 200 staff producing and repairing power conversion supplies. Eighteen months after adopting an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system the chief executive officer wanted an investigation into the performance of the system. This was to focus on its technical capabilities and its acceptance by users, since it was not delivering the anticipated gains in profits. The results of the investigation reported here reveal problems with the acquisition and implementation process. This case highlights the difficulties that can be encountered by organizations that attempt to tailor an enterprise resource planning system to the existing business practices. In particular, the need for careful impact analysis of proposed software modifications and effective change management within the entire project is demonstrated.
Online Calculator Training in Mathematics and Technology
Authors: Brescia William , Cline Tammy
Published: February 2011

This is the case of three institutions attempting to identify and address a need for professional development training for high school algebra teachers. Teachers across the state were facing two problems: (1) a need for training on how to successfully integrate the graphing calculator into the math curriculum and (2) training was not available that would fit into a teacher’s schedule. Teachers rarely had time to attend the instruction necessary to integrate new technology into the curricula being offered at remote sites. With Web-based training, teachers should be able to complete the training at their own pace and convenience. Online Calculator Training in Mathematics and Technology would demonstrate the effective use of online training to teach the basics of graphing calculators and the integration of graphing calculators into the math curriculum.
Information Systems Dispatching in the Global Environment, Acer, A Case of Horizontal Integration
Authors: Wang Yu Chung William , Ho Shun Chuan
Published: February 2011

This case study presents the implementation of information systems in a context of global enterprise restructuring. Based on the background of the second organisational restructuring of Acer Group, it evidences the combinations of corporate strategy and information technology (IT) practices and shows how this enterprise shifts and reallocates its resources in order to concentrate on the most profitable segments of the entire supply chain. Drawing upon IT adoption and supply chain management (SCM) literature, we discuss the issues of organisation restructure affecting the information systems dispatching along the supply chain from by theoretical and practical lens. Particularly, this article provides an aspect looking into the installing of global logistics management (GLM) information systems, which requires the integration of existing enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems in different sites. It offers a direction to academics and practitioners to rethink the necessary elements required to enact adoption plans of information systems in a digitally enabled global business.
Cyber-Learning in Cyberworlds
Authors: Sourin Alexei , Sourina Olga , Prasolova-Førland Ekaterina
Published: February 2011

This article discusses the problems of teaching computer graphics and shape modeling in large and distributed classes using visual cyberworlds—shared information worlds on the Web. Cyberworlds allow for providing personal mentoring to the students with different cultural and educational backgrounds. The Virtual Campus of Nanyang Technological University is such a cyberworld, which is being used for teaching computer graphics and shape modeling. A part of this cyberworld is the Virtual Shape Modeling Laboratory. It is used by the computer graphics students for designing geometric shapes defined with analytical formulas. Augmenting the existing ways of electronic education with cyberworlds appears to be useful which was proved by the final exam results and overall attitude of the students.
Transaction Processing An Industry Performance Analyser for Tourism (IPAT)
Authors: Carson Dean , Richards Fiona
Published: February 2011

IPAT is a web based application allowing tourism businesses to enter monthly performance data and to quickly download reports comparing their performance with other tourism businesses across a range of sectors. This case emphasises the benefits of keeping the design of applications as simple as minimum specifications allow, and the value of documentation in ensuring that projects survive changes in staffing and management.
Knowledge Sharing and Organizational Change in a Leading Telecommunications Equipment Vendor
Authors: Michael Katina
Published: February 2011

In 1999 Southern Networks deployed the Open Text Livelink knowledge management system (KMS). Livelink allowed for the centralization of key corporate applications and associated content at a global, regional, line-of-business, departmental, and personal level. Prior to the implementation of Livelink on an enterprise scale, the corporation’s 94,500 employees relied on fragmented departmental Web pages that were scattered across 11 different Web servers, making the task of finding information very difficult. This article describes how the process of knowledge transfer at Southern Networks changed with the deployment of Livelink, and how it enabled the automation of workflows through the company’s Web-based Intranet. The article also provides an insight into how KMS empowered employees, at least until the organization significantly downsized in 2001. The importance of this article is in highlighting the role of people in the success of KMS and to provide examples of knowledge sharing dynamics.
Exploring IT Opportunities
Authors: Batenburg Ronald , Versendaal Johan , Breedveld Elly
Published: February 2011

There is a growing belief that IT can improve public management in general. The Dutch policy and services with regard to the elderly are no exception. Obviously, IT opportunities in the healthcare domain play a central role in this, since the main objective of policies is to sustain the independent functioning of the elderly in everyday social life. In this research four IT opportunities for elderly policy in The Netherlands are explored through discussion meetings with elderly, and consultation of experts in the field of elderly policy and services. The IT opportunities are designed to align the different levels of motivation and skills of elderly to use IT. Four IT pilot projects are defined, that take into account the costs and benefits of these opportunities to improve the elderly policy chain in The Netherlands.
A Statewide Transition From Campus to Centralized System
Authors: Barjis Joseph
Published: February 2011

This case describes statewide implementation of Liquidus CS in the Grand System of Universities, represents transition from campus wide to centralized system. It documents why this project was initiated, how it was implemented taking into account its statewide scope, and the major challenges posed by the fact that Liquidus Inc. was acquired by another rival company while the implementation of Liquidus CS was in progress.
When IT Slows Down the Pace of Change
Authors: Eierman Michael A. , Iversen Jakob H.
Published: February 2011

This case discusses the process and challenges of identifying and adopting an ERP system at Braebill Company. The desire to investigate ERP solutions was brought about by their recent adoption of Lean Manufacturing and its associated kaizen events, which allowed them to change their business processes very quickly. However, their homegrown IT systems are difficult to change, and cannot always accommodate the rapid changes in the business processes. IT management wants to adopt a new ERP system to replace many of their existing homegrown systems. This process is complicated by the need for significant flexibility in the adopted system, by a desire to standardize platforms across all companies held by Braebill, and by a previous effort by a sister company to adopt an ERP system. The Braebill IT organization will have to navigate a complex political and organizational environment to successfully adopt an adequate ERP system.
Cisco Systems
Authors: Datta Avimanyu
Published: February 2011

This case illustrates the importance of vendor selection, top management support, and team structuring in implementing a complex ERP system. While most organizations choose the de-facto brand as their product, Cisco and its consulting partner, KPMG, went against this perception and selected Oracle who was a newcomer in ERP business. For Oracle this was a golden opportunity to enter a market dominated by SAP and get its ERP modules litmus tested by an industry leader. Cisco on the other hand agreed to help Oracle to market its latest releases to potential customers, in lieu of the successful implementation. Oracle even allowed changing some of its modules to fit Cisco’s purposes. The implementation team comprised the best people from Cisco, KMPG and Oracle. To have the customized ERP up and running in nine months the team blended the robustness of sequential life cycle model with the flexibility of the iterative prototyping.
An Effective Streams Clustering Method for Biomedical Signals
Authors: Chaovalit Pimwadee
Published: February 2011

In the healthcare industry, the ability to monitor patients via biomedical signals assists healthcare professionals in detecting early signs of conditions such as blocked arteries and abnormal heart rhythms. Using data clustering, it is possible to interpret these signals to look for patterns that may indicate emerging or developing conditions. This can be accomplished by basing monitoring systems on a fast clustering algorithm that processes fast-paced streams of raw data effectively. This paper presents a clustering method, POD-Clus, which can be useful in computer-aided diagnosis. The proposed method clusters data streams in linear time and outperforms a competing algorithm in capturing changes of clusters in data streams.
Upper GI Bleed, Etiology, Role of Endoscopy in Rural Population of Punjab
Authors: Malhotra Ravinder Singh , Ded K. S. , Gupta Arun , Bansal Darpan , Singh Harneet
Published: February 2011

Haematemesis and malena are the two most important symptoms of upper gastrointestinal bleeding . The most common cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding is due to a peptic ulcer. In this paper, the authors research the cause of bleeding. Contrary to previous studies, results favor esophageal varices, e.g., alcoholism or cirrhosis liver post necrotic, as the most common cause of bleeding rather than a peptic ulcer. The authors’ study is based on an observational retrospective protocol with records of 50 consecutive patients with GI bleeding, attending the emergency room from February 2007 until September 2009. Results show that the treatment of UGI bleeding has made important progress since the introduction of emergency endoscopy and endoscopic techniques for haemostasis. The application of specific protocols significantly decreases rebleeding and the need for surgery, whereas mortality is still high. The data highlight the decreasing trend of peptic ulcer as the sole cause of bleeding, as shown in previous literature, ascertaining that varices are now the most common variable.
Evaluation of Clustering Patterns using Singular Value Decomposition (SVD)
Authors: Namayanja Josephine M.
Published: February 2011

Computational techniques, such as Simple K, have been used for exploratory analysis in applications ranging from data mining research, machine learning, and computational biology. The medical domain has benefitted from these applications, and in this regard, the authors analyze patterns in individuals of selected age groups linked with the possibility of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), a disorder affecting approximately 45% of the elderly. The study identifies groups of individuals behaving in two defined categories, that is, those diagnosed with MetS (MetS Positive) and those who are not (MetS Negative), comparing the pattern definition. The paper compares the cluster formation in patterns when using a data reduction technique referred to as Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) versus eliminating its application in clustering. Data reduction techniques like SVD have proved to be very useful in projecting only what is considered to be key relations in the data by suppressing the less important ones. With the existence of high dimensionality, the importance of SVD can be highly effective. By applying two internal measures to validate the cluster quality, findings in this study prove interesting in context to both approaches.
Applications of Customer Relationship Marketing in the UK Hospitality Industry
Authors: Lancaster Geoff , Luck Diana
Published: February 2011

This paper aims to research the hospitality industry to gauge dimensions of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) that resonate with guests and employees. An uncovering of perceptual differences of hotel guests and employees was sought to assess its application within the London hotel industry and to investigate CRM as an emerging concept. The global hotel market contains many brands and partnerships, and CRM is significant, because differentiation becomes easier for those with potential to develop long-term customer relationships. Despite being differentiated by star ratings, most hotels in London offer similar core products and services. In this regard, development of relationships with customers can be considered emphatic to the London hotel industry. Methodologically, triangulation of data and theories was used in this paper to investigate staff and customers. A standardised questionnaire gauged elements regarded as being part CRM with the objective to assess differential CRM perceptions and their relevancy to the hotel industry in contemporary terms. Findings suggest CRM become an integral part of a hotel’s offerings and operations.
Unexpected Artifacts in a Digital Photograph
Authors: Sorell Matthew J.
Published: February 2011

This article investigates an unexpected phenomenon observed in a recent digital photograph, in which the logo of a non-sponsoring sports company appears on the jersey of a famous football player in just one of a sequence of images. After eliminating deliberate image tampering as a cause, a hypothetical sequence of circumstances is proposed, concerning the lighting, dominant colours, infrared sensitivity, optical preprocessing, image enhancement and JPEG compression. The hypotheses are tested using a digital SLR camera. The investigation is of interest in a forensic context, firstly as a possible explanation in case such a photograph is observed, and secondly to be able to confirm or refute claims of such artifacts put forward claiming that a hypothetical image is not really what it claims to be.
Protection of Digital Mammograms on PACSs Using Data Hiding Techniques
Authors: Li Chang-Tsun , Li Yue , Wei Chia-Hung
Published: February 2011

Picture archiving and communication systems (PACS) are typical information systems, which may be undermined by unauthorized users who have illegal access to the systems. This article proposes a role-based access control framework comprising two main components – a content-based steganographic module and a reversible watermarking module, to protect mammograms on PACSs. Within this framework, the content-based steganographic module is to hide patients textual information into mammograms without changing the important details of the pictorial contents and to verify the authenticity and integrity of the mammograms. The reversible watermarking module, capable of masking the contents of mammograms, is for preventing unauthorized users from viewing the contents of the mammograms. The scheme is compatible with mammogram transmission and storage on PACSs. Our experiments have demonstrated that the content-based steganographic method and reversible watermarking technique can effectively protect mammograms at PACS.
Palmprint Recognition Based on Subspace Analysis of Gabor Filter Bank
Authors: Laadjel Moussadek , Bouridane Ahmed , Kurugollu Fatih , Yan WeiQi
Published: February 2011

This paper introduces a new technique for palmprint recognition based on Fisher Linear Discriminant Analysis (FLDA) and Gabor filter bank. This method involves convolving a palmprint image with a bank of Gabor filters at different scales and rotations for robust palmprint features extraction. Once these features are extracted, FLDA is applied for dimensionality reduction and class separability. Since the palmprint features are derived from the principal lines, wrinkles and texture along the palm area. One should carefully consider this fact when selecting the appropriate palm region for the feature extraction process in order to enhance recognition accuracy. To address this problem, an improved region of interest (ROI) extraction algorithm is introduced. This algorithm allows for an efficient extraction of the whole palm area by ignoring all the undesirable parts, such as the fingers and background. Experiments have shown that the proposed method yields attractive performances as evidenced by an Equal Error Rate (EER) of 0.03%.
Digital Image Forensics Using Multi-Resolution Histograms
Authors: Liu Jin , Ling Hefei , Zou Fuhao , Yan WeiQi , Lu Zhengding
Published: February 2011

In this paper, the authors investigate the prospect of using multi-resolution histograms (MRH) in conjunction with digital image forensics, particularly in the detection of two kinds of copy-move manipulations, i.e., cloning and splicing. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first work that uses the same feature in both cloning and splicing forensics. The experimental results show the simplicity and efficiency of using MRH for the purpose of clone detection and splicing detection.
Project Smart Remote Classroom Providing Novel Real-Time Interactive Distance Learning Technologies
Authors: Shi Yuanchun , Xie Weikai , Xu Guangyou , Xiang Peifung , Zhang Baopeng
Published: February 2011

Real-time interactive virtual classrooms play an important role in distance learning. However currently available systems are insufficient in supporting large-scale user access, and they cannot efficiently support accessing with heterogeneous devices and networks. Furthermore, these systems are usually desktop-based, until the result that the teacher’s experience is completely different from teaching in a real physical classroom. This paper discusses the Smart Remote Classroom project that deals with these difficulties using the following novel technologies: 1) A hybrid transport layer multicast protocol called TORM and an adaptive content delivery scheme called AMTM, which work together to enable large-scale users to access a virtual classroom with different devices and networks synchronously. 2) A dedicated software called SameView, which takes use of the proposed TORM and AMTM technology, and provides a rich set of functions for teachers and students to efficiently carry out the real-time interactive tele-education. 3) The Classroom augmented by Smart Space technology called Smart Classroom where the user interfaces of the SameView are incorporated in the classroom space. Thus the teacher can instruct the remote students just like teaching face to face in a conventional classroom. All these technologies have been successfully integrated and demonstrated in the prototype system at Tsinghua University.
A Campus Information Providing System for Cellular Phone Using Agents
Authors: Koyama Akio , Barolli Leonard , Chen Zixue
Published: February 2011

In this paper, a Campus Information Providing System (CIPS) for cellular phones is proposed. By using this system, the search time to find the necessary information in the campus is reduced. Users can access the system using the cellular phone terminal and by clicking the links or by inserting a keyword in the form from which they can easily get the campus information. The system has four agents that deal with Web information required by users, Net News, the student’s login state, campus navigation, and the filtering of the received campus information for cellular phone terminal. Therefore, the proposed system can provide different media information to a cellular phone. By using the proposed system, the users are able to get the information anywhere and anytime. The system performance was evaluated using a questionnaire. From the questionnaire results, we found that the system was able to show the required information. However, the system operation should be improved and the information content should be shown better.
An Efficient Method of Supporting Interactions for an Integrated Distance Learning System
Authors: Sakai Shimon , Mashita Naoaki , Yoshimitsu Yasuhiro , Shingeno Hiroshi , Okada Kenichi , Matsushita Yutaka
Published: February 2011

In recent years, as the demand of taking lectures without the limitation of time and place by those who have jobs and require lifelong education grows, there are more and more expectations on the implementation of a distance learning system. However, in most of the existing asynchronous distance learning systems, the images shown on screen are limited to the images of the teacher with synchronized digital documents used in lectures. Since these systems have not been able to convey interactions between a teacher and students, the educational effectiveness is lower than the traditional lecture. This paper describes a distance learning system that supports interactions between a teacher and students in asynchronous distance learning. During synchronous distance learning, this system can record interactions automatically with XML. It can provide recorded interactions to students who are studying asynchronously. An important point to emphasize is not only synchronizing digital documents with recorded lecture video, but also synchronizing recorded interactions with digital documents and lecture video. Moreover in order to support interactions, this system also links similar questions together and can suggest the most meaningful question.
Videoconferencing-Mediated Instruction
Authors: Selim Hassan M.
Published: February 2011

Videoconferencing has seen rapid growth as an economical and effective distance education technology. In this study, a research model was proposed and employed to test the success of videoconferencing-mediated instruction (VCMI) in higher education institutions. The proposed research model examined the impact of videoconference reliability, student usefulness and university usefulness on the VCMI success. A survey instrument was distributed to university business students. A total of 266 usable responses were analyzed. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were implemented using structural equation modeling techniques through LISREL version 8.51. A structural equation model was used to fit and validate the proposed research model, and the results indicated a good fit to the data. Student usefulness and reliability of video conferencing technology were proven to be key determinants of a successful integration of VCMI technology as an effective and efficient distance-learning tool. One of the implications of this study is that VCMI university usefulness is not a driving factor for VCMI success. Most of the causal relationships between the constructs considered by the VCMI research model were well supported, accounting for 90.7% of the total variance in the VCMI success.
On a Design of SCORM-Compliant SMIL-Enabled Multimedia Streaming E-Learning System
Authors: Li Sheng-Tun , Lin Chu-Hung , Yu Pao-Ta
Published: February 2011

E-learning plays a key enabling role in knowledge management for individuals, schools, and enterprises. Nevertheless, the lack of standards in content and learning management systems (LMSs) makes the reusability and interoperability of learning resources infeasible. The emergence of the SCORM specification has shed light on the standardization of e-learning. Unfortunately, the existing SCORM-compliant asset model is simplified; only a few asset types are allowed. On the other hand, W3C’s declarative-style SMIL (Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language) is becoming prevalent in designing Web-based instructions with the consideration of temporality and spatiality of presentations. In addition, advances in real-time multimedia technologies can vitalize further these instructions. In this study, we propose an SMIL-enabled asset model with the enhancement of multimedia streaming. To render SCORM-compliant SMIL-enabled streaming contents, a Java applet-based SMIL RTP/RTSP LMS system is designed. We develop the proposed system in the Java EJB environment to tackle the issue of platform interoperability. The resulting system demonstrates an encouraging direction towards a more vivid and interactive SCORM-compliant e-learning.
BEAT
Authors: Chen T. Y. , Grant D. D. , Lau M. F. , Ng S. P. , Vasa V. R.
Published: February 2011

BEAT is a Web-based system that generates fault-based test cases from Boolean expressions. It is based on the integration of our several fault-based test case selection strategies. The generated test cases are considered to be fault-based, because they are aiming at the detection of particular faults. For example, when the Boolean expression is in irredundant disjunctive normal form, test cases generated by BEAT can guarantee the detection of seven common types of operator and operand faults, which may occur during the implementation process. Apart from being an automated test case generation tool developed for software testing practitioners, it also can be used as a self-learning and training tool for students as well as software testing practitioners.
Digital Rights Management Implemented by RDF Graph Approach
Authors: Yang Jin Tan , Horng Huai-Chien
Published: February 2011

This paper proposes a design framework for constructing Digital Rights Management (DRM) that enables learning objects in legal usage. The central theme of this framework is that any design of a DRM must have theories as foundations to make the maintenance, extension or interoperability easy. While a learning objective consists of learning resources and its metadata, a DRM also needs metadata for describing itself as Rights Expression Language (REL). The proposed Resource Description Framework (RDF) graph design in this study is based on the Boolean operations of graph theory, whereas the RDF graph provides not only more coherent operations, but also opportunities for maintenance and interoperability at different platforms. Two algorithms for encoding and verifying rights in DRM are designed to deal with REL metadata in RDF format. This technological support also reduces the sophistication among role assignments, learning objects and task ontology of DRM. The DRM module is embedded to SCORM-compliant Content Repository Management System (CRMS) for IPR (Intellectual Property Rights) protection. Finally, some implications of this study are also included.
E-Learning in Canada
Authors: McGreal Rory , Anderson Terry
Published: February 2011

This article discusses e-learning in Canada.
Automatic Digital Content Generation System for Real-Time Distance Lectures
Authors: Iwatsuki Masami , Takeuchi Norio , Kobayashi Hisato , Yana Kazuo , Takeda Hiroshi , Yaginuma Hisashi , Kiyohara Hajime , Tokuyasu Akira
Published: February 2011

This article describes a new automatic digital content generation system we have developed. Recently some universities, including Hosei University, have been offering students opportunities to take distance interactive classes over the Internet from overseas. When such distance lectures are delivered in English to Japanese students, there is a pressing need to provide materials for review after class, such as video content on a CD-ROM or on a Web site. To meet this need, we have developed a new automatic content generation system, which enables the complete archiving of lectures including video/audio content, synchronized presentation materials, and handwritten traces on virtual whiteboards. The content is generated in real time and is immediately available at the end of the class. In addition, this system incorporates a unique video search algorithm which adopts a phonetic-based search technology. This enables quick review of the video content by typed-in keywords. The system can automatically create a vast amount of digital content and provide students with an efficient learning tool.
An Efficient and Effective Approach to Developing Engineering E-Training Courses
Authors: Tseng Judy C.R. , Tsai Wen-Ling , Hwang Gwo-Jen , Wu Po-Han
Published: February 2011

In developing traditional learning materials, quality is the key issue to be considered. However, for high technical e-training courses, not only the quality of the learning materials but also the efficiency of developing the courses needs to be taken into consideration. It is a challenging issue for experienced engineers to develop up-to-date e-training courses for inexperienced engineers before further new technologies are proposed. To cope with these problems, a concept relationship-oriented approach is proposed in this paper. A system for developing e-training courses has been implemented based on the novel approach. Experimental results showed that the novel approach can significantly shorten the time needed for developing e-training courses, such that engineers can receive up-to-date technologies in time.
An Ontology Infrastructure for an E-Learning Scenario
Authors: Guo Wen-Ying , Chen De-Ren
Published: February 2011

Selecting appropriate learning services for a learner from a large number of heterogeneous knowledge sources is a complex and challenging task. This article illustrates and discusses how Semantic Web technologies such as RDF and ontology can be applied to e-learning systems to help the learner in selecting an appropriate learning course or retrieving relevant information. It presents the main features of an e-learning scenario and the ontology on which it is based, then illustrates the scenario ontology with the training domain and the application domain. Finally, it presents semantic querying and semantic.
Streaming of Continuous Media for Distance Education Systems
Authors: Dashti Ali , Safar Maytham
Published: February 2011

Distance education created new challenges regarding the delivery of large size isochronous continuous streaming media (SM) objects. In this paper, we consider the design of a framework for customized SM presentations, where each presentation consists of a number of SM objects that should be retrieved and displayed to the user in a coherent fashion. We describe a retrieval optimizer (Prime) that captures the flexibilities and requirements imposed by the user query, user profile, and session profile. Then, it determines how this query script should be imposed against the continuous media (CM) server to reduce contention. We also provide a cost model to evaluate each proposed plan. Finally, we explain the role of memory buffering in alleviating the server bandwidth fragmentation problem. Our preliminary experimental results show the feasibility and effectiveness of our proposed model and techniques in generating near optimal retrieval.
A SCORM Compliant Courseware Authoring Tool for Supporting Pervasive Learning
Authors: Wang Te-Hua , Chang Flora Chia-I
Published: February 2011

The sharable content object reference model (SCORM) includes a representation of distance learning contents and a behavior definition of how users should interact with the contents. Generally, SCORMcompliant systems were based on multimedia and Web technologies on PCs. We further build a pervasive learning environment, which allows users to read SCORM-compliant textbooks with multimodal learning devices. Respecting the learning contents for supporting such learning environment, an efficient authoring tool was developed for serving this goal. Some specific tags were defined to specify the corresponding information or interactions that cannot be performed in the hardcopy books. These tags can be printed in SCORM-compliant textbooks and recognized by Hyper Pen to facilitate the affinity between the physical textbooks and digital world. Therefore, users can read the SCORM-compliant hardcopy textbooks in a traditional manner. The authored course contents will be the same while applying to the multimodal learning devices with different layouts.
On Scaffolding Adaptive Teaching Prompts Within Virtual Labs
Authors: Najjar Mehdi
Published: February 2011

Despite a growing development of virtual laboratories which use the advantages of multimedia and Internet for distance education, learning by means of such tutorial tools would be more effective if they were specifically tailored to each student needs. The virtual teaching process would be well adapted if an artificial tutor can identify the correct acquired knowledge, recognise the erroneous learner’s knowledge and suggest a suitable sequence of pedagogical activities to improve the level of the student. This paper proposes a knowledge representation model which judiciously serves the remediation process to students’ errors during e-learning activities. The model is inspired by recent researches on computational representation of the knowledge and by cognitive psychology theories that offer a refined modelling of the human learning processes. Experimental results, obtained via practical tests, show that the knowledge representation and remediation approach facilitates the planning of tailored sequences of feedbacks that considerably help the learner.
Enhancing Skills of Application Software via Web-Enabled Problem-Based Learning and Self-Regulated Learning
Authors: Shen Pei-Di , Lee Tsang-Hsiung , Tsai Chia-Wen
Published: February 2011

The computer software education in vocational schools in Taiwan can hardly be deemed as effective. To increase students’ learning motivation and develop practical skills, innovative learning designs such as problem-based learning(PBL) and self-regulated learning (SRL) are on trial in this specific context. We conducted a series of quasi-experiments to examine effects of these designs mediated by a web-based learning environment. Two classes of 106 freshmen in a semester course at Institute of Technology in Taiwan were chosen for this empirical study. Result sreveal that effects of web-enabled PBL, web-enabled SRL, and their combinations, on students’ skills of application software have significant differences. The implications of this study are alsodiscussed.
A Computer-Assisted Approach for Conducting Information Technology Applied Instructions
Authors: Chu Hui-Chun , Hwang Gwo-Jen , Tsai Pei Jin , Yang Tzu-Chi
Published: February 2011

The growing popularity of computer and network technologies has attracted researchers to investigate the strategies and the effects of information technology applied instructions. Previous research has not only demonstrated the benefits of applying information technologies to the learning process, but has also revealed the difficulty of applying them effectively. One of the major difficulties is due to the lack of an easy-to-follow procedure for inexperienced teachers to design course content with proper use of suitable information technologies. In this paper, a model for conducting information technology applied instructions is proposed. The novel approach can assist teachers in designing information technology applied course content based on the features of subject materials and the learning status of the students. An experiment on a Chemistry course in a junior high school was conducted to evaluate the performance of our novel approach.
A Framework for Collaborative Learning in Dynamic Group Environments
Authors: Kanev Kamen , Kimura Shigeo , Orr Thomas
Published: February 2011

In this article, we propose a framework for Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) employing dynamic groups, where at different stages students work independently, interact with each other in pairs, and conduct joint work in larger groups with varying numbers of participants. A Dynamic Group Environment for Collaborative Learning (DGE/CL) supports students in making informed and intelligent choices about how, when, and with whom to collaborate. This is a face-to-face collaborative environment, where all students are in the same room, can move freely around and interact with each other while using digitally enhanced printed materials with direct point-and-click functionality. Flexible and efficient support for dynamic group management is ensured through the adopted Cluster Pattern Interface (CLUSPI) technology, which, while preserving the original touch-and-feel of printed educational materials, supports additional affordances and allows employment of new, non-traditional paper-based interactions.
The Construction of an Ontology-Based Ubiquitous Learning Grid
Authors: Liao Ching-Jung , Chou Chien-Chih , Yang Jin-Tan David
Published: February 2011

The purpose of this study is to incorporate adaptive ontology into ubiquitous learning grid to achieve seamless learning environment. Ubiquitous learning grid uses ubiquitous computing environment to infer and determine the most adaptive learning contents and procedures in anytime, any place and with any device. To achieve the goal, an ontology-based ubiquitous learning grid (OULG) was proposed to resolve the difficulties concerning how to adapt learning environment for different learners, devices, places. OULG through ontology identifying and adapting in the aspects of domain, task, devices, and background information awareness, so that the adaptive learning content could be delivered. A total of 42 freshmen participate in this study for four months to learn Java programming. Both of pretesting and posttesting are performed to ensure that the OULG is useful. Experimental results demonstrate that OULG is feasibile and effective in facilitating learning.
Effect of Teaching using Whole Brain Instruction on Accounting Learning
Authors: Lee Li-Tze , Hung Jason C.
Published: February 2011

McCarthy (1985) constructed the 4MAT teaching model, an eight step instrument developed in 1980, by synthesizing Dewey’s experiential learning, Kolb’s four learning styles, Jung’s personality types, as well as Bogen’s left mode and right mode of brain processing preferences. An important implication of this model is that learning retention is improved in the whole brain treatment group and thus this model is effective in retaining learning information as long term memory. Specifically, when examine the effectiveness of student scoring levels (high, median, and low), the results indicated that retention improved across all levels in the treatment group while results were inconsistent in the control group. When examine academic achievement and attitudes, interaction factor of both school and method showed a statistically significant difference.
The Preliminary Investigation of the Factors that Influence the E-Learning Adoption in Higher Education Institutes
Authors: Al-hawari Maen , Al-halabi Sanaa
Published: February 2011

Creativity and high performance in learning processes are the main concerns of educational institutions. E-learning contributes to the creativity and performance of these institutions and reproduces a traditional learning model based primarily on knowledge transfer into more innovative models based on collaborative learning. In this paper, the authors focus on the preliminary investigation of factors that influence e-learning adoption in Jordan. As a pioneer country for e-learning systems in the Middle East, an investigation has been completed for one of Jordan’s universities that has implemented e-learning. Factors are defined through the analysis of unstructured interviews with developers and users of the e-learning systems, and Leximancer content analysis software is used to analyze the interview’s content. Main factors include Internet, legislations, human factors, and Web content.
Ontology-Based Multimedia Authoring Tool for Adaptive E-Learning
Authors: Deng Lawrence Y. , Keh Huan-Chao , Liu Yi-Jen
Published: February 2011

More video streaming technologies supporting distance learning systems are becoming popular among distributed network environments. In this paper, the authors develop a multimedia authoring tool for adaptive e-learning by using characterization of extended media streaming technologies. The distributed approach is based on an ontology-based model. Suppose a well-known teacher is giving a lecture/presentation to his student. Because of time constraints and other commitments, many students cannot attend. The main goal of the authors’ system is to provide a feasible method to record and represent a lecture/presentation using a browser with the windows media services. This system requires flexible support for the modeling of multimedia content models and supports possible interactivity, transfer of streams multimedia data such as audio, video, text, and annotations using network facilities. The authors propose a new approach for the modeling of reusable and adaptable multimedia content. A comprehensive system for advanced multimedia content production is also developed. This approach significantly impacts and supports the multimedia presentation authoring processes in terms of methodology and commercial aspects.
K-Nearest Neighbors Relevance Annotation Model for Distance Education
Authors: Ke Xiao , Li Shaozi , Cao Donglin
Published: February 2011

With the rapid development of Internet technologies, distance education has become a popular educational mode. In this paper, the authors propose an online image automatic annotation distance education system, which could effectively help children learn interrelations between image content and corresponding keywords. Image automatic annotation is a significant problem in image retrieval and image understanding. The authors propose a K-Nearest Neighbors Relevance model, which combines KNN method with relevance models. The model solves the problems of high computational complexity and annotation results affected by irrelevant training images when joint generation probabilities between visual areas and keywords are calculated. The authors also propose a multi-scale windows method and nearest-neighbors weighting method based on rank-weighting and distance-weighting. Experiments conducted on Corel datasets verify that the K-Nearest Neighbors Relevance model is quite effective.