bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A pair of Hide Shoes
Authors: Marstrander Sverre
Published: March 2024

í 1953 skar bóndin Karl Anonli torv í norsku bygdini Leksvik. Hann kom tá fram á einar húðaskógvar umleið 1 m undir svørinum. Hesin fundurin gav høvi ril eina gjølla kanning av fótbúna. Í miðøldini var vanligi fótbúnin skógvar við sóla og yvirleðri. Høvundurin ger samanberingar og vísir á hvussu vanligt hetta hevur verið. Samstundis hava bygdafólk vanliga nýtt húðaskógvar, seymaðar úr einum skøði við tveingjum. Hetta hevur verið vanligt nógvastaðni í Europa, m. a. í Føroyum. Skógvarnir við sóla og yvirleðri eru av rómverskum uppruna og árini, meðan húðaskógvarnir eru av eldri germanskum uppruna. Húðaskógvarnir frá Leksvik kundu verið yngri, men pollengreiningar sýna at talan er um ein elligamlan fund frátíðliga í jarnøldini ella frá tí keltisku tíðini. Tað er sostatt talan um eitt tað elsta skófund í Noreg. Høvundurin ger sær eisini sínar hugsanir um hvussu skógvarnir eru komnir í mýrulendi: Er talan um trúarligar orsøkir ella eru teir bert settir á blot? Hesumkemur hann ikki nærri.
Christian sculpture in Norse Shetland
Authors: Stevenson Robert B. K.
Published: March 2024

This paper suggests that there is acceptable evidence for the continuation of Christian sculpture and Pictish writing in Shetland in the period 800—1050, which Professor Thomas did not consider in his discussion of the finds from St Ninian's Isle and Papil. Following her more recent excavations in Orkney Dr A Ritchie has reopened the questions of cultural and physical survival of the pre-Norse population in the northern isles of Britain, and of assimilation. A tenthcentury date has long been proposed for the Bressay cross-slab with its Pictish inscription in ogam letters, which includes two Gaelic words, and one Norse, and has uniquely : between the words as in runes. A fragment from Papil which clearly resembles tombstones at Iona should also belong to that century. So does the knot-design reconstructed in fig. 1, for it is only known otherwise from a group of monuments in Scandinavian northern England. Its use of little bosses is a link with the same area. Some ogam letters also survive on this stone. 

Features of the sculpture from St Ninian's Isle are reconsídered, and arguments put for a date no earlier than mid-ninth century rather than before 800, by comparison with Pictish sculpture in east-central Scotland and in Caithness. Although the fine processional scene from Papil is older, it may also belong to the ninth century. The writer agrees with Professor Thomas that, despite the representation of a monumental cross, it too is in the east-coast tradition rather than influenced direct from Iona.
Nakað um lutir, sum gjørdir eru í Føroyum úr horni
Authors: Niclasen Bjarni
Published: March 2024

Cow's horn and sheep's horn have been widely used in the Faroe Islands as a raw material for various tools and objects, such as spoons, combs, buttons, drinking horns, powder horns, keyhole plates etc. This article deals with the craftsmanship required for treating the raw material and shaping the various objects, all of which are mentioned in the article.
Er pílaslagið pálmi innflutt til Føroya í søguligari tíð? ella er tað upprunaligt her?
Authors: Rasmussen Rasmus
Published: March 2024

This article seeks to answer the questions: what sort of willow was called pálmi (palm) in the Faroes and was it of native growth or imported. In the Middle Ages willows in Scandinavia were called »palms«, for they were used as decorations on Palm Sundays. / . C. Svabo1 (1782) and / . Landt'- (1800) are the first authors to write about the name pálmi, but even then it was already ancient in the Faroes. Svabo and Landt equate it with Salix caprea, though this can hardly be correct, for the plant growing in all the places they mention is Salix phylicifolia. Landt writes that the pálmi was brought to the Faroes from Norway about 1660; Svabo has no remarks o:i this point. Later authors in asserting that the pálmi vas introduced from Norway aremerely following Landt. The reports have it that one, Ole Larvesen, bailiff on Eysturoy, brought these willows from Norway, planting them at Strendur about 1660 and that his sister moved them to Øravík. Naturally the reports give no indication whether Salix caprea or Salix phylicifolia is meant. Svabo and Landt must be responsible for the confusion of names. Closerinvestigation, however, shows that the accounts alleging that the plant was introduced from Norway are contradictory and of little value.

Finally, a few words about the two »palms«. S. caprea has been introduced in historical times and ia found only on cultivated land. It does not occur in peat. S. phylicifolia is native to the Faroes and is found widely troughout the contry in the following places: Eysturoy: Strendur, Toftavatn, Streymoy: Hvalvík, Tórshavn, Kvívík, Sandoy: Traðarhamar, Suðuroy: Øravík, Kunoy: Heima í Húsi, Vágar: Leitisvatn, Norðtriðingur, Miðvágur, Uttanhús. In addition it occurs in peat at Tórshavn 'm Vágsbotnur,Skálavík (leaves and stems), Hoyvík (stems). It may well be that many twigs hitherto thougt to be from Juniperus are really from Salix. It is most likely that pálmi orginally denoted the indigenous Salix phylicifolia.
Hvat er íslendska orðið naumur?
Authors: Matras Christian
Published: March 2024

In an article in Arkiv for nordisk filologi, 1890, vol. 6, p. 305, Adolf Noreen suggested an etymology for Úie Icelandic adj. naumr, deriving it from a postulated Proto-Norse *narwumaR and relating it, inter alia, to English »narrow«. Some scholars (Torp, Alexander Jóhannesson etc.) accept this etymology, but others (Kluge, Persson, Hellquist) assume that the word comes from the same root as occurs in Icel. nauð f. The present essay suggests that naumr is, in fact, identical with Norw. nauv and Far. neyvur, with change of / > m, likewise attested in Fa. oman »down« (Icel. ofan) and in Mod. Icel. skúmur m. »skua« from Older Icel. skúfr, cf. Far. skúvur or skúgvur.
Uppmáting av vøtnum í Føroyum
Authors: Dali Sigmund í
Published: March 2024

The article is a continuation of a survey of Faroese lakes (S. í Dali 1975, 1977). The soundings were made with a Seafarer 3 (149 khz) echosounder. The work is still in progress.
"Beaucoup de bruit pour une aumelette"
Authors: Korsgaard Peter
Published: March 2024

By a decree of 21.5.1777 poor people in the Faroe Islands were forbidden to marry, unless they had a certain amount of land, or both partners had served four years with farmers on crown land. This provision is, by its nature, almost unique in Danish legislation, and was justifiably felt by the Faroese to be very oppressive.

Behind the introduction of this provision lay the suspicion that the cultivation of corn in the Faroes was on the decrease, in that constantly increasing quantities of corn were being imported. The large import was costly for the trader, the state.

The article points out that the cultivation of corn was not, in fact, decreasing, but the fixed rate paid for commodities since 1691 had resulted in a great increase in the production of hosiery, and the consequent increase in purchasing power had lead to a higher consumption of corn. Another result of the trade policy was that it was possible for poorer people to earn a living by knitting hose instead of working for the farmers. The decree of 1777 forced them back into the service of the farmers.

The matter was raised by the Danish government officials in the Faroe Islands, who, in a letter to the Exchequer (which was also responsible for agriculture) complained about poor people who wandered about begging wool. An inquiry carried out the Exchequer did not clearly reveal a decrease in the cultivation of corn, but the chief administrator's report to the inquiry establishes the decrease. The chief administrator also recommended a proposal from the government officials, a proposal which was almost identical with the provision which was finally laid down. The Exchequer's recommendation met strong opposition in the eqally powerful Chancery (administration of the interior and of justice). In the case, uncharacteristically,the Exchequer was the stronger, and the provision was put into force.

The way in which the matter was dealt with shows the powerful position of the government officials; it is, in fact, they who force the provision through. It is also the officials (the chairman of the Faroese Representative Council, the bailiff, the judge, and the church officials) whose advice is sought. In a similar situation in 1723—24 this was not the case. At that time the Exchequer negotiated with two men whose authority stemmed from a meeting of the Faroese Representative Council.
Supplementary List to K. Hansen: Vascular Plants in the Faeroes
Authors: Bloch Dorete , Aldenius ]. , Lindell T.
Published: March 2024

1976—79 vórðu nakrar plantur funnar á støðum, ið ikki eru skrásett i K. Hansen: Vascular Plants in the Faeroes. Teirra millum Senecio vulgaris L., fyrstu ferð í Føroyum. Hon er til skjals á Føroya Náttúrugripasavni.
Føroyar í slupptíðini
Authors: Joensen Jóan Pauli , Ravnsfjall Jógvan , Mortensen Andras
Published: March 2024

The Faroe Islands from about 1900 to the Second World War. A report on an ethnological survey. In 1975 the Faroese Museum embarked on an extensive project in order to collect information on life and conditions in the Faroe Islands, from the turn of the century up to the Second World War. Questionnaires were sent out, and tape recordings made of interviews. Of primary importance in the gathering of this information was a fourteen-page questionnaire, of which 858 copies were sent out and 175 were completed and returned. This gives a reply rate of 20%, which must be regarded as reasonable for this type of survey. Besides these replies, the survey includes material of a less structured nature. In all, 227 people have contributed information.The collected material amounts to 8500 pages. The report describes the actual work of collecting the material, the questionnaire, and how it was distributed. Finally, there is a list showing the topographical distribution of the material. Tables show the age and social position of the informants, and the number of pages per record. A map shows which villages are represented in the survey. The report ends with a short critical evaluation.
Udenlandsstoffet i TV-nyheder
Authors: Marnersdóttir Malan
Published: March 2024

The article is about the news programmes of the Faroese, Danish and Greenlandic TV-stations, all run by public funds, viz. Dagur og vika, TV-avisen, TV2-nyhederne and Qanorooq. It is demonstrated that overseas news is treated in different ways by the stations, and that the amount of overseas news that has no connection with local affairs or Iocal discourse, increases with the distance for the capital of the kingdom. Also is demonstrated that the attitude to foreign issues is reflected in the way the material is edited and presented.
Phytoplankton community structure on the Faroe Shelf
Authors: Gaard Eilif
Published: March 2024

The phytoplankton distribution, biomass and species composition were investigated in relation to the hydrographical and chemical environment for the algae on the Faroe Shelf during 1995. The water on the Faroe Shelf is relatively well isolated from the surrounding waters by a tidal front, which surrounds the islands at about 100-130 m bottom depth. It has its own planktonecosystem, which is separated and is quite different from that in the surrounding oceanic environment. The phytoplankton spring bloom developed in late Aprilearly May in the shelf water which was about one month earlier than outside the tidal front. The spring bloom started in the central and the northern part of the shelf. The limited water mass on the shelf - and, hence, also the limited amount of nutrients - affected the potential new primary production and around mid July 1995, allthe nitrate on the central and northern shelf had been assimilated. From mid July and throughout the rest of the summer, the potential new production was low and was dependent on advection of nutrients from outside the tidal front.
Palynological and Vegetational Changes Í ssociated with the Deposition of Saksunarvatn Ash in the Faroe Islands
Authors: Edwards Kevin J. , Craigie Robert
Published: March 2024

Saksunarvatn ash derives from an Icelandic source (eruption ca. 8930-9060 BP) in part of the Grimsvotn complex. The massive nature of the deposit as found in Faroese sites (up to 45 cm in thickness) might be expected to have had an impact on the vegetation. The thickness of the ash layer, however, is contingent upon site catchment processes of erosion and sediment focusing. Even so, the tephra could still have resulted in changes to vegetation and this is examined by high resolution palynology at sites from different islands (Streymoy and Suðuroy), where tephra thicknesses of 1.0-6.7 cm respectively were found. Comparisons are also made with the pollen data from Saksunarvatn and Hovi (also located on Streymoy and Suðuroy) produced by Jóhannes Jóhansen. Palynological, and by inference vegetational changes consequent upon the fall of ash within the pollen catchment areas of the Faroese sites are mooted, with the strongest apparent effects at Hagamýra (Suðuroy),where wetter habitats may have become 'choked' with ash, thus diminishing the pollen contributions of associated flora. Similarly, the aquatic taxa are also reduced. Palynologically at least, and arguably vegetationally, this process favours dry land and taller taxa.
Ecology of Endoparasites of the Atlantic Puffin (Fratercula arctica grabae) (Alcidae: Charadriiformes)
Authors: Nolsøe Ámundur
Published: March 2024

The first extensive study on the endoparasitic fauna in Ihe Atlantic puffin is reported. A total of 173 puffins were collected at breeding sites at a colony in Nólsoy (Faroe Islands). Host-parasite relationships including life-history characteristics, host fitness and age, prevalence of infestation and seasonal variation are discussed. One digenean species (Gymnophallus sp.), two cestodespecies (Alcataenia sp. and a member of the family Hymenolepidae), three nematode species (Streptocara sp., Seuratia sp. and Contracaecum sp.), and one pentastome species (Reighardia sp.) were found. There was no negative effect on bird fitness owing to the presence of parasites. The prevalence and intensity of parasite infestation in Faroese puffins are lower than in other seabird species, namely, fulmars, great shearwaters and gulls.
Scientific Publications about the Faroe Islands, 2001
Authors: Bloch Dorete
Published: March 2024

This list for 2001 is compiled to show the scientific work going on within and outwith the institutions in the Faroe Islands. Itshould in this way be easier for the readers of Fróðskaparrit to have an idea of the different Faroese projects the scientists areworking on and make it easier to acquire papers and books. The list also includes papers and books made by scientists outsidethe Faroese institutions, and whenever possible, the editorial offíce of Fróðskaparrit can provide contact addresses of the author(s). Moreover, this list also includes some papers missed out in previous numbers of Fróðskaparrit.
Næmingar í latínskúlanum í Havn og Torluf Gregersen
Authors: Skårup Povl
Published: March 2024

Úrtak
Lucas Debes (1673), N. Andersen (1895) og Hans Jacob Debes (2000) hava evnað til hvør sín lista yvir næmingar í latínskúlanum í Havn. Hesir listarnir verða bornir saman, og ein maður, sum er nevndur í listunum eftir N. Andersen og H.J. Debes, men ikki eftir Lucas Debes, verður umrøddur nærri. Hesin maður er Torluf Gregersen, ið var próstur í Føroyum frá í seinasta lagi1579 til 1625. N. Andersen og H.J. Debes hildu hann vera føroying, men Rischel og Skårup (1972) hava gitt, at hann var norðmaður og hevði verið prestur í Bjørgvin. Henda giting hevur ikki verið eftirgáað, og hon verður tí sett fram aftur her, nágreiniligari enn tá.
Abstract
Lucas Debes (1673), N.Andersen (1895) and Hans Jacob Debes (2000) provide each their own list of students in the grammar school in Torshavn. A man, Torluf Gregersen, rural dean of the Faroe Islands from at least 1579 until his death in 1625, is mentioned in the last two of the three lists. N. Andersen and H. J. Debes have assumed that he was Faroese but Rischel and Skårup (1972) have suggested that he is identical to a Norwegian by the same name, who had been a pastor in Bergen. This suggestion has been overlooked and is therefore restated here with further evidence to support it.
The relative order of sentential adverbs in Icelandic and Faroese / Setningshjáorð í íslendskum og føroyskum
Authors: Angantýsson Ásgrímur , Jónsson Jóhannes Gísli
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper discusses the relative order of four types of sentential adverbs inInsular Scandinavian. Data from two judgment tasks show that the relative orders of adverbs that follow Cinque’s (1999) hierarchy receive more positive judgments than orders that violate this hierarchy in both languages, but the contrasts are much weaker than expected. That Icelandic and Faroese behave in very similar ways with respect to adverb placement is expected, given all the syntactic similarities between the two languages.ÚrtakHenda greinin viðger tað lutfalsliga orðaraðið í sambandi við fýra sløg avsetningshjáorðum í íslendskum og føroyskum. Tilfar frá tveimum spurnakanningum vísir, at tað lutfalsliga orðaraðið í sambandi við hjáorð, sum fylgja raðskipanini hjá Cinque (1999) í báðum málum, fáa positivari metingar enn orðarað, sum stríðir ímóti hesi raðskipan. Mótsetningarnir eru tó nógv minni enn væntast kundi. At íslendskt og føroyskt bera seg at á sera líkan hátt, tá ið tað snýr seg um pláss hjá hjáorðum, er væntandi, tá ið havdir eru í huga allir teir setningafrøðiligu líkskapirnir, sum eru millum tey bæði málini.
The core-peripheral belief dynamic and its impact on teaching speaking in English as a foreign language (EFL) in grade 8 in the Faroe Islands
Authors: Vijayavarathan-R Kalpana
Published: March 2024

The objective of this qualitative parallel case study was to elicit the teacher cognition of grade 8 teachers in the Faroe Islands about teaching speaking in English as a foreign language (EFL). Teacher cognition and actions were studied in context based on data from semi-structured interviews, mixed questionnaire and observations. Manual thematic analysis through using a priori and post priori codes was adopted to parse data and establish the influence of teacher cognition on teaching in the classroom and identify any common trends among participants. The results show that teacher cognition has a marked influence on teaching speaking. Congruence between cognition and teaching is apparent, with some instances of incongruence. Congruence between teacher cognition and teaching speaking rests on two factors – the marked influence of ‘apprenticeship of observation’ i.e., the influence of teachers’ personal experiences from years of education that shapes their thoughts and teaching and teacher understanding of teaching speaking as ‘doing’ speaking i.e., providing opportunities for students to speak in the classroom. Incongruence stems from the core-peripheral belief dynamic, where the predominance of core beliefs over peripheral beliefs affects the efficacy of teaching speaking.
La revolución quimioinformática: enseñándole química a los robots
Authors: Montero-Bastidas José Raúl
Published: March 2024

En este artículo se describen los avances más recientes en la automatización de la química orgánica con un enfoque en la química medicinal. Diferentes plataformas han permitido la ejecución de cientos e incluso miles de reacciones en paralelo con el fin de acelerar el descubrimiento de un medicamento. Por otro lado, modelos de inteligencia artificial están siendo aplicados en química orgánica para diseñar experimentos con condiciones que aumenten la probabilidad de éxito. Estos avances en conjunto prometen revolucionar la síntesis orgánica y los campos de la industria que dependen de ella.
Growth and Productivity of Maize (Zea mays L.) as Influenced by Precision Nutrient Management and Intercropping Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) under Hot and Sub-humid Region of Odisha
Authors: Sahoo Upasana , Malik Ganesh Chandra , Banerjee Mahua , Maitra Sagar , Sairam Masina , Bairagya Monotoshdas
Published: March 2024

Background: Cereal-legume intercropping is an age-old practice in most of the countries. Among the major cereals, maize is a better choice to include in legume intercropping due to its morphology and wider row spacing. Therefore, legume intercropping in consort with proper nutrient management can enhance overall productivity of the system, further improving crop diversification, nutritional security and agriculture sustainability. Considering these aspects, the present study was performed to examine the growth and productivity of maize as influenced by precision nutrient management and cowpea intercropping. Methods: The present study was carried out during rabi season of 2022-23 at P. G. Research Farm of M.S. Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Odisha, India. The experiment was laid out in split-plot design with five intercropping combinations and five nutrient management treatments. All the treatments were replicated thrice. The plot size maintained was 5.0 m x 4.8 m. In case of maize and cowpea, high yielding hybrid ‘JKMH 4510’ and ‘KBC 9’ variety were taken for the study, respectively. Result: The results revealed that the growth parameters were significantly affected by intercropping ratios and nutrient management treatments. Although the yield attributes of maize were differed non significantly among the intercropping treatments but were significantly influenced by the nutrient treatments. In case of grain yield of maize, the Green Seeker-based nutrient management gave highest value with cowpea intercropping ratio of 1:1 and 2:2. LER and ATER were greater than unity, which indicated that the intercropping was advantageous. However, the maximum LER and Area Time Equivalent Ratio (ATER) were obtained from C3 (M+C 1:2) with 140:70:70 kg N, P2O5, K2O/ha, respectively. The study concluded that intercropping of maize + cowpea in 1:2 row ratio with Green Seeker-based nutrient management were advantageous over pure stand of maize fertilised with conventional nutrient management.
Relationships between Pedagogical Practices and Affective States for Effective Teaching during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Insights from University Professors
Authors: Bruna Carola , Villarroel Verónica , Sánchez Alejandro , Cortes Joaquin , Castro-Carrasco Pablo , Conejeros-Solar María Leonor
Published: March 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze how pedagogical practices and affective states during emergency remote teaching influence professors’ perspectives on their capabilities and the professor-student relationship. Method: We used a nonexperimental quantitative design, collecting data through an online survey during the first year of the pandemic. Participants were recruited using a non-probability sampling method. A total of 636 university professors from Chilean universities participated. We performed descriptive and correlation analyses between variables. Also, to gain a deeper understanding of the factors influencing perceptions of the professors’ competence and the professor–student relationship, we conducted linear regression models. Results: A higher perception of pedagogical competence was related to male professors reporting a high evaluation of teaching quality and a high diversification of assessment strategies. A better professor–student relationship was related to female professors reporting a high level of tutoring activities and activities in which students work collaboratively. Additionally, unpleasant affective states were experienced at a higher rate by younger and female professors. Conclusions: Variables that make up the perception of professor competence and the professor–student relationship were identified, relating to gender and pedagogical practices, such as diversification of assessment strategies, tutoring, and collaborative activities. Implications: The results can guide future institutional actions to improve conditions and establish guidelines for quality virtual education in the post-pandemic scenario.
Post-war Polish scholarship on the history and theory of library science
Authors: Tokarska Anna
Published: March 2024

The author of the paper explores the development of the concept of Polish post-war library science as an academic discipline and demonstrates the wealth of achievement in librarianship studies. Theoretical reflections on and the ongoing discussion about the scope of library science provide a background for the presentation of practical solutions applied in the work of libraries. The author presents library science concepts and the authors of important publications contributing to the development of the discipline, practical librarian tasks and the academic training of librarians. In addition, she analyses librarianship achievements with regard to the characteristic, statutory tasks and functions of libraries, as well as to typology, showing their significance to librarianship practice in Poland and to the quality of the academic training of librarians. There is also a brief description of the profile of the librarianship curriculum at the leading university-level institutions educating librarians.
MITIGATING COGNITIVE CHALLENGES FACED BY TEACHERS OF ENGLISH IN TEACHING AND LEARNING READING IN NIGERIAN SECONDARY SCHOOLS
Authors:   Department of English Education, College of Languages and Communication Arts Education, Lagos State University of Education, Oto, Ijanikin, Lagos State, Nigeria, Idowu Olufemi Stephen , Raphael Ogundeko, Ibukun ,   Department of English Language and Literary Studies, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijagun, Ogun State, Nigeria
Published: March 2024

Teachers, especially teachers of English language face considerable challenges when teaching reading at the various school levels. Reading is the act or process of receiving and interpreting information in language via the medium of print. This paper identifies some of the challenges encountered by English teachers while instructing and facilitating the teaching and learning reading among secondary schools generally special focus on Nigeria. It highlights the multifaceted nature of the challenges, encompassing area such as diverse student intellectual abilities, insufficient cognitive engagement, language barriers. This paper review various studies on reading and in Nigerian schools, identify recurrent problems and the gaps relating to cognitive challenges. It explores potential solutions to mitigate these flaws, emphasizing the pivotal importance of tailored instructional strategies and tooling, collaborative approaches between parents/guardian and managements of school, and the integration of active technological apparatus to the system. The paper recommended that, regular workshops with a cognitive approach should be organized for all teachers of English to enable them handle reading effectively, this training will create a drive-in teacher to ensure that students under their tutelage are fluent readers. More so, in- service training should also be an integral part of continuing teacher education and teachers should be supported in order to increase their level of confidence when teaching reading.
Re-NetTA Project: organizational models for promoting re-manufacturing chains of building products in the Lombard manufacturing district
Authors: Viscuso Salvatore , Atta Nazly , Valle Anna Dalla , Giorgi Serena , Lavagna Monica , Talamo Cinzia
Published: March 2024

In view of the circular economy transition, the building sector is facing the challenge of overcoming conventional organizational models that follow a “take-make-dispose” in favor of circular models, exploiting re-manufacturing to close the loop. Starting from the analysis of re-manufacturing practices well affirmed in other industrial sectors and the lesson learned in terms of key features, the paper focuses on circular strategies and new organizational models and tools for short-life building products coming from renewal interventions in office, exhibition, and retail. In particular, three novel circular models are presented, based on the cross-sectorial successful key features of reuse/re-manufacturing activities and the point of view of stakeholders, including manufacturers, service providers, policymakers, and the third sector. This collaborative effort took place in the context of the research “Re-NetTA - Re-manufacturing Networks for Tertiary Architectures - New organizational models and tools for re-manufacturing and reusing short-life components coming from tertiary building renewal”, leading the knowledge sharing among the involved players to support innovative solutions.
A life cycle decision framework of China offshore wind turbines with ANP-Intuitionistic fuzzy TOPSIS method
Authors: Zhou Jiaxuan , Wang Liming , Li Fangyi , Ge Chunli , Li Jianfeng , Wang Yitong , Kong Lin , Guo Jing
Published: March 2024

In China, offshore wind energy is a popular source of green energy. Selecting offshore wind turbine design schemes is a decision problem based on multiple criteria. However, the selection is hardly made from the point of view of the life cycle due to the complex association of evaluation criteria, especially in the conceptual design stage. To solve this problem, a new multi-criteria decision-making framework for selecting the life cycle design scheme of offshore wind turbines is designed. The design information of the life cycle process of these turbines is expressed using Function-Structure-Material-Process-Transportation model in this framework. The life cycle evaluation index system of offshore wind turbines was established and mapped with this model to carry out rapid evaluation of various schemes. In light of this, an intuitive fuzzy Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method based on analytic network process (ANP) was proposed to process fuzzy decision information and establish criteria correlation. Finally, a case study was conducted, and sensitivity and comparative analyses were carried out. The proposed method can effectively select the optimal scheme from six different design schemes for the life cycle of offshore wind turbines.
CALIBRATION OF MICROSCOPIC TRAFFIC SIMULATION OF URBAN ROAD NETWORK INCLUDING MINI-ROUNDABOUTS AND UNSIGNALIZED INTERSECTION USING OPEN-SOURCE SIMULATION TOOL
Authors: YAVUZ Mehmet Nedim , ÖZEN Halit
Published: March 2024

Microscopic traffic simulation models offer an effective way to analyze and assess different transportation systems thanks to their efficiency and reliability. As traffic management issues become more prevalent, notably in urban areas, simulation tools enable a significant opportunity to replicate real-world conditions before implementation. Therefore, the calibration of traffic simulation models plays a substantial role in obtaining accurate and confidential results. Nowadays, urban regions are facing the challenge of restricted space for developing traffic solutions. As a consequence of environmental restrictions, the use of mini-roundabouts rather than larger roundabouts is increasing. Based on the given literature review, it is seen that not much attention was given to the complex modeling and calibration of microsimulation models of mini-roundabouts and unsignalized intersections. The objective of this study is to offer the calibration of microscopic traffic simulation of urban road network, including closely located mini-roundabouts and unsignalized intersection. To this end, an open-source tool called SUMO (Simulation of Urban Mobility) was utilized as a simulation environment in this study. The necessary data for developing a microsimulation model in SUMO was gathered using a videography technique. The traffic count data and speed were considered performance measures between field observations and simulation outputs. The routeSampler tool of SUMO, which has recently emerged in the literature, was used to match traffic count data and the corresponding time interval for traffic volume data calibration. The calibration of car-following model parameters using a trial-and-error approach was employed based on mean absolute percent error (MAPE) between simulated speeds and field-measured speeds. According to the findings of the study, the simulation model fulfilled the calibration aims of the FHWA guideline and is suitable for further research.
EXAMINING THE SAFETY IMPACTS OF TRANSIT PRIORITY SIGNAL SYSTEMS USING SIMULATION TECHNIQUES
Authors: DOĞAN Erdem
Published: March 2024

Transit Priority Signal (TPS) systems are increasingly used to improve traffic efficiency and reduce passenger waiting times. However, such systems may carry potential safety risks. This study aims to investigate the safety effects of TPS at intersections. Our study utilized the SUMO traffic simulation program to create a road network model containing nine signalized intersections. Subsequently, the TPS system was applied to selected bus routes within the road network, and the cases with and without TPS implementation were compared in terms of safety and performance. In safety-oriented comparisons, surrogate safety measures were employed, including number of conflict and Time to Collision (TTC). Signalized intersection performances were measured and compared in terms of the number and duration of stops. The analysis results indicate that TPS enhances safety and transportation performance for buses, but adversely impacts safety and transportation performance for passenger cars. This study underscores the importance of considering safety aspects in the implementation of TPS aimed at improving passenger transportation efficiency. These findings may contribute to the enhancement of public transportation infrastructure and the implementation of appropriate safety measures.
DESIGNING OF NOISE POLLUTION MEASURES FOR A MILITARY AIRFIELD
Authors: HOIKA Tomáš , KORECKI Zbyšek
Published: March 2024

This article discusses the possibilities of reducing noise pollution in the vicinity of a selected airport, with an emphasis on practical measures. The proposed procedures, which are routinely employed at commercial airports, would be ineffective or financially unsustainable under the circumstances of the military airports. The objective at military airports is not to maximise capacity, as at civil airports, where the desire to increase capacity is primarily related to profit. The primary objective for military airports is to perform defined tasks, which may include pilot training, search and rescue exercises and combat training. The main measures proposed to reduce noise pollution in the vicinity of the villages are changes in departure and arrival routes, the splitting of night operations into two parts and the introduction of a new article in the AIP and Airport Regulations prohibiting air operations over and in close proximity to the villages nearby. Finally, it is stressed that a significant reduction in noise will only be possible with the support of changes in legislation or above-standard financial investment by the airport operator.
RADAR-BASED DETECTION AND RECOGNITION METHODOLOGY OF AUTONOMOUS SURFACE VEHICLES IN CHALLENGING MARINE ENVIRONMENT
Authors: KORBAN Dmytro , MELNYK Oleksiy , ONISHCHENKO Oleg , KURDIUK Serhii , SHEVCHENKO Valerii , OBNIAVKO Tatyana
Published: March 2024

This paper presents a methodology that combines radar polarization selection and recognition techniques for navigating objects in atmospheric formations, with a special focus on unmanned surface vehicles (ASVs). The proposed technique utilizes the concept of an energy dissipation matrix to represent these objects as characteristic “shiny dots”. By strategically changing the polarization of the emitted and received electromagnetic waves, the resulting echo energy dissipation matrix is determined. This approach allows the formation of an intensity-based repository of atmospheric formations, which gives SRPC a complete set of tools to account for atmospheric conditions in radar identification of remote objects, including ASVs. The practical application of this technique extends to the improvement of a distinct class of shipborne radar systems optimized for ASVs and their specific navigation requirements. Ultimately, this technology bridges the gap between advanced radar technology and the emerging field of unmanned ground vehicles, providing safer and more proficient navigation in challenging weather conditions.
ENHANCING TRAFFIC SAFETY: A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH THROUGH REAL-TIME DATA AND INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
Authors: LE Khanh Giang
Published: March 2024

Today, traffic accidents are still a difficult and urgent problem for many countries around the world. Traffic accidents on highways are often more serious than accidents on urban roads. Therefore, disseminating emergency information and creating immediate connections with road users is key to rescuing passengers and reducing congestion. Thus, this study applies data fusion and data mining techniques to analyze travel time and valuable information about traffic accidents based on the real-time data collected from On-Board Unit installed in vehicles. The results show that this important information is the vital database to analyze traffic conditions and safety factors, thereby developing a smart traffic information platform. This result enables traffic managers to provide real-time traffic information or forecasts of congestion and traffic accidents to road users. This helps limit congestion and serious accidents on the Highway.
Force in Cable of Pretensioner Tube – A Method of Car Accident Reconstruction
Authors: Soica Adrian
Published: March 2024

The reconstruction of traffic accidents has grown as an interdisciplinary field since the first accident occurred. Various methods have been developed over time, starting with primary data collected at the scene of the accident. In this work, I proposed a method by which the value of the force in the safety belt buckle can be determined when it is equipped with a pretensioning system with pyrotechnic trigger in the tube, PBP or PLP type. The anti-return system of the pretensioner mechanism, which prevents the passenger's body from moving forward, contains a set of balls that block the movement of the piston in the pretensioner tube after its activation. When limiting the movement, the force the human body exerts on the safety belt webbing is transformed into the deformation of the pretensioner tube by the balls of the anti-return system. Depending on the magnitude of the force, the marks left by the balls differ. I propose a relationship of dependence between the acting force and the deformation of the tube. An experimental test bench was created to perform shock traction tests on the pre-tensioning system, under similar conditions to those of the human body acting on the belt in case of a frontal collision. Following the tests, the force value of the seat belt buckle cable and the diameter of the spherical indentations that the balls left in the pretensioner tube were measured. A mathematical model was proposed to determine the normal force with which a ball from the anti-return system deforms the tube. The normal force was also determined by two other methods specific to contact mechanics and used in the specialized literature. By comparing the normal forces obtained by the three methods, a good correlation between the proposed mathematical model and the Komvopoulos-Ye method resulted, the "Hardness" method not being suitable for this study. The determined polynomial regression curve allows finding out the force in the cable of the closer depending on the size of the deformations produced by the balls in the tube. The forces in the belt webbing can be thus determined and biomechanics specialists can evaluate the injuries to the chest and abdomen of the occupants of a vehicle.
The Independence of Commercial Law and the Independence of Commercial Trial
Authors: Sun Zhangsheng
Published: March 2024

The independence of commercial law and the independence of commercial trial are the key issues in the development of China's market economy, which is of great significance for maintaining the market order and protecting the rights and interests of consumers. With the development of China's market economy, the independence of commercial law and commercial trial has gradually become the focus of social attention. On the one hand, the independence of commercial law refers to the effective distinction between commercial law as a normative system and other laws, which has an independent social and economic basis and a unique role. On the other hand, the independence of commercial trial means that commercial trial has relatively independent space and procedures, which can effectively guarantee the fair settlement of commercial disputes.The independence of commercial law is reflected in many aspects, including commercial law ontology, normative structure and content, external relations and so on. Commercial law has the independent social and economic foundation and the unique role, and is the foundation of the development of market economy. The basic principles, adjustment objects, and system design of commercial law are independent, which makes commercial law play its unique role in social life. There are differences between commercial laws and other laws, such as civil law and economic law, in essence and in expression form, which makes commercial law irreplaceable.
Study on the Macro-Fine Mechanical Behavior of Ores Flow Based on Discrete Element Method
Authors: Xia Zhiguo , Deng Zhe , Lu Zengxiang , Ma Chenglong
Published: March 2024

The accompanying mechanical behavior during the flow of ore-rock dispersion is an important factor leading to the instability and failure of the orepass in the ore storage section. It is of great significance to accurately understand the instability characteristics of the well wall in the ore section, during the ore drawing process by understanding the flow characteristics and internal mechanical transfer mechanism of ore-rock dispersion. Using the discrete element method to analyze the flow characteristics, contact compactness, stress distribution characteristics and contact force probability distribution of the ore-rock dispersion, it realizes the quantitative characterization of the damage degree of ore-rock flow, and reveals the damage mechanism of mine storage wall. The results show that: (1) The friction between ore-rock particles, between ore-rock and well wall is an important reason for the change of the macroscopic flow form of ore-rock from “one” to “V” type. (2) The compactness and stress concentration of ores are increasing with the increase of storage depth, which is shown that with the increase of storage depth, the greater the probability of well wall instability. (3) The probability distribution of contact force strength between particles decreases exponentially in the whole process of ore drawing, in which the strong chain plays a major role in the stability of the dispersion system. (4) The number of overpressure and the overpressure coefficient can be used to quantitatively characterize the wall damage degree under the action of ore-rock flow. The dynamic side pressure decreases periodically in the form of exponential fluctuations, and the dynamic load formed by the ore-rock flow mainly played a role in the lower area of the ore storage section.
Optimization of Process Parameters of Friction Stir Welded Dissimilar Aluminium Alloys (AA6061 and AA8011) Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Sethu E Xavier , SRITHARAN V.
Published: March 2024

Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid state welding process for joining metallic alloys and dissimilar metals. It has emerged as an alternative technology for welding high strength alloys that are difficult to join with conventional techniques. FSW is used to produce products with better mechanical properties. Now a days aluminum alloys have been widely used in several industrial applications such as aerospace, marine, automobile and commercial applications due to their light weight structure, better mechanical properties and high corrosion resistance.In this work, three welding parameters such as spindle speed, welding speed and plunge depth were considered for friction stir welding. FSW was carried out between dissimilar aluminum alloy plates (AA6061 and AA 8011) to produce butt joint.A Box-Behnken design with three factors and three levels was chosen to minimize the number of experimental conditions .The tensile strength and hardness of the welded regions were evaluated. The optimum level settings and the major parameters that influence the joint strength were obtained by Box-Behnken design.
Influence of Thermocompression Conditions on the Properties and Chemical Composition of Bio-Based Materials Derived from Lignocellulosic Biomass
Authors: Cavailles Julie , Vaca-Medina Guadalupe , Wu-Tiu-Yen Jenny , Peydecastaing Jérôme , Pontalier Pierre-Yves
Published: March 2024

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of thermocompression conditions on lignocellulosic biomass such as sugarcane bagasse (SCB) in the production of 100% binderless bio-based materials. Five parameters were investigated: pressure applied (7-102 MPa), molding temperature (60-240°C), molding time (5-30 min), fiber/fine particle ratio (0/100-100/0) and moisture content (0-20%). These parameters affected the properties and chemical composition of the materials. The density ranged from 1198 to 1507 kg/m3, the flexural modulus from 0.9 to 6.9 GPa and the flexural strength at breaking point from 6.1 to 43.6 MPa. Water absorption (WA) and thickness swelling (TS) respectively ranged from 21% to 240% and from 9% to 208%. Higher mechanical properties were obtained using SCB with fine particles, low moisture content (4-10%), high temperature (≥ 200°C) and pressure (≥ 68 MPa), while water resistance was improved using more severe thermocompression conditions with the highest temperature (240°C) and time (30 min) or a higher moisture content (≥ 12.5%). Correlations were noted between the mechanical properties and density, while the material obtained with only fine particles had the highest mechanical properties and density. Material obtained with a 30 min molding time had the lowest WA and TS due to internal chemical reorganization followed by hemicellulose hydrolysis into water-soluble extractables.
EXPLORING HOTEL EMPLOYEE WELLBEING : POSITIVE IMPACTS OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT AND WORK COMPENSATION
Authors: Adzandri Faraz , Saputra Andri Satrio , Mendrofa Agung Braja , Ferdian Feri
Published: March 2024

Hospitality is a rapidly growing sector in various countries around the world. In this industry, hotel employees play a very important role in providing quality service to guests. However, the hospitality industry is often faced with challenges in retaining employees, mainly due to job satisfaction issues. Employees who are dissatisfied with their jobs tend to leave the company and seek employment elsewhere. To overcome this problem, it is important to understand the factors that influence the hotel employee's wellbeing. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of employee career development and work compensation on hotel employee wellbeing. The study used a quantitative with a causal associative approach. The data was obtained by distributing questionnaires to the 4 star hotel employees at Batam City, so that as many as 40 respondents. The data analysis technique used the Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling. Most of the respondents are aged from 26 to 30 years . with 67.5% of the respondents. The study’s findings indicate that career development is not particularly significant in relation to hotel employee wellbeing. However, this has a direct impact on raising motivation, work ethic, and organizational commitment, which in turn raises employee morale. Meanwhile, compensation for work has a significant positive impact on hotel staff members' ethical standards. These findings suggest that Hotels may achieve a greater level of operational excellence and keep up their competitiveness in the hospitality sector by focusing on the well-being of employees.