bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
California’s Cap-and-Trade System: Diffusion and Lessons
Authors: Bang Guri , Victor David G. , Andresen Steinar
Published: June 2017

This article investigates the roles of policy diffusion and policy learning in shaping the design of California’s cap-and-trade system. On the surface, it is very similar to other cap-and-trade programs, but in practice many detailed differences reflect active efforts by California policy-makers to avoid flaws that they saw in other systems, such as the EU ETS and the US East Coast’s Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative. We assess how California’s cap-and-trade system emerged, the significance of policy diffusion, and the lessons for other trading systems by applying two broad sets of theoretical frames—the role of policy diffusion and the role of organized local political concerns. We find that despite the signature status of the trading system, California mostly relies on much less transparent and more costly direct regulation. We also find that California’s cap-and-trade system has developed mostly in its own, special political context, which hampers the feasibility of cross-border trading.
A new Casearia (Salicaceae) from the Atlantic Forest of Brazil
Authors: NEPOMUCENO FRANCISCO ÁLVARO ALMEIDA , ALVES MARCCUS
Published: June 2017

A new species of Casearia is described from Coastal Lowland Forest and Sub-montane Forest in the states of Paraíba and Pernambuco. The new species is morphologically most related to Casearia souzae R.Marquete & Mansano, being distinguished by its leaf, sepals and ovary without glands, leaf apex with no apicule, internal surface of the sepals glabrous, lobes of the nectariferous disc oblong and densely pilose, and stigma glabrous.
Studies in Colombian Caelifera and adjacent territories: Ciglianacris, a new genus of Andean Melanoplinae (Orthoptera: Acrididae)
Authors: CADENA-CASTAÑEDA OSCAR J. , GRANDA JUAN MANUEL CARDONA
Published: June 2017

A new genus and species of neotropical melanoplines living in the submontane forests of the Colombian Andes is hereby described. This genus is closely related to the genera of the genus group Scotussae and the Andean genera Bogotacris and Chibchacris, distributed in the paramo ecosystems of Colombia and Venezuela.
Phenomenon of squatting and the environment in JJ colonies
Authors: Ali Sabir
Published: June 2017

This paper is an attempt to understand the state of environment of Delhi's Trilokpuri resettlement colony and two jhuggi-jhompri clusters that have emerged in the open spaces reserved for recreational facilities. It also identifies some steps necessary to improve living conditions in the colony.
The End of Both Roads?: The Developmental State, Economic Liberalism and the Asian Crisis
Authors: Hirst Paul
Published: June 2017

This paper considers the two roads to economic development widely promoted in the early 1990s in the context of the Asian Crisis. The first is that of market friendly policies combined with the liberalisation of domestic and external financial markets, which would promote growth by attracting inward investment. The second is the counter claim that there was a distinctive Asian road based on high levels of domestic saving and state administrative guidance. Both roads are seen to have failed as readily and widely replicable development strategies.
Information and the Psychology of Investor Behaviour
Authors: Chamberlain Trevor W. , Johnson Lewis D.
Published: June 2017

In behavioural psychology the relationship between the information provided by a stimulus and an individual’s reaction thereto is widely accepted as parabolic and commonly referred to as a Wundt curve. The present paper invokes this relationship in order to examine the apparent failure of the efficient markets model as a paradigm for describing security price behaviour. Discrepancies between the prices and intrinsic values of securities are explained in terms of the amount of information entering the price determination process, with the amount required for an efficient market found to have an interior solution. The social invention of the stock market provides a convenient meeting ground in which to study the nexus between the psychology of investor behaviour and the economics of asset pricing.
The Economic Approach to Crime and Punishment
Authors: Pyle D.J.
Published: June 2017

In the last twenty five years, economists have devoted considerable research effort to the study of crime and punishment. This article examines the contribution made by economists in two particular areas. First, the economic analysis of participation in criminal activity. Second, the design of “efficient” punishments for convicted criminals.

The economic approach to crime and punishment assumes that criminals are rational individuals, who respond to incentives. Empirical analysis, undertaken by economists, tends to confirm this view. Several consequences follow from this, especially in relation to the structure of punishments for (related) crimes. In particular punishments need to be designed so that criminals choose less, rather than more, harmful acts.
Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome from Exposure to Pneumatic Knives
Authors: Pelmear Peter L.
Published: June 2017

Seven workers exposed to hand-arm vibration from the use of pneumatic knives in the auto glass industry were found to be suffering from hand-arm vibration syndrome. The vibration levels of the air compressed tools which they used were found to exceed the ACGIH-TLVs.
Global/Local Approach using Partial Hybrid Finite Element Analysis of Stress Fields in Laminated Composites with Mid-Plane Delamination under Bending
Authors: Zhao Jlanzhao , Hoa S. V. , Xiao X. R. , Hanna I.
Published: June 2017

A global/local approach using partial hybrid elements is presented to study the interlaminar stress distribution around delamination crack tips in composite laminates subjected to out-of-plane loading. The cracked composite laminate is modeled with three types of elements. 20-node three-dimensional sublaminate partial hybrid elements are used in the local region where the stress gradients are expected to be sharp, 8-node degenerated partial hybrid plate elements are used in the global region and 15-node transition elements are employed to connect the local and global regions. The results show that the global/local approach yields accurate solutions with much less active degrees of freedom, less consumption of computer space and CPU time as compared with the conventional displacement element. Experiments are performed for cross-ply laminates with midplane delamination crack subjected to three-point bending. The predicted critical loads by finite element analysis based on both a strength-based criterion and a fracture mechanics approach are in good agreement with the experimental data.
Detection of Human Papillomavirus Infections in the Male Sexual Partners of Women Attending an STD Clinic in Bologna
Authors: Costa Silvano , Syrjänen Stina , Vendra Calogero , Chang Fuju , Guida Gerardo , Tervahauta Arja , Hippeläinen Marita , Syrjänen Kari
Published: June 2017

A series of 65 male sexual partners of 65 women attending an STD clinic in Bologna, Italy for examination and treatment of genital human papillomavirus (HPV)-infections during 1990–1991, were examined using peniscopy and surgical biopsy, the latter being analysed by light microscopy, in situ hybridization (ISH) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for HPV DNA. A detailed medical and sexual history was recorded from all men. Of the 65 men, 17 (26.2%) gave a history of a previous STD. The male partners with previous genital condylomata (14, 21.5% of men) were significantly associated with the detection of HPV DNA in the current lesions; 21.4% (3 of 14) and 10.2% (5 of 51) in those with and without previously treated condyloma, respectively. On colposcopy, 63 (96.9%) men presented with an abnormal pattern, the vast majority (49 of 65, 75.4%) showing an acetowhite lesion, and only 12 (18.5%) lesions being classified as condyloma acuminatum. HPV DNA was found, however, in only 4 of 12 (33.3%) condylomas by ISH and PCR, and in 4 of 49 (8.2%) and 6 of 49 (12.2%) acetowhite lesions by ISH and PCR, respectively. In a total of 41 (63%) patients, the biopsy was classified as non-HPV on light microscopy. HPV DNA detection rate was significantly higher in all morphologically HPV-suggestive lesions, compared with the non-HPV where ISH was invariably negative. PCR, however, disclosed HPV DNA in 4 of 41 (9.8%) cases. PIN (I or II) was present in 6 of 65 (9.2%) men. HPV DNA detection rate increased in parallel with the increasing grade of lesion, both HPV 16-positive cases containing a PIN lesion. Altogether, HPV DNA was found by ISH in 8 of 65 (12.3%) biopsies, and PCR amplification increased the detection rate by only two cases. HPV DNA was never present in men with only a single sexual partner, but increased significantly when the number of partners was increased, being highest (27.3%, 3 of 11) in those reporting 11–20 partners. HPV detection rate was lowest in those men whose partner had a flat condyloma, but significantly higher in those who presented with condyloma acuminatum (40%, 2 of 5), or HPV-CINI and II lesions. Of interest was the finding that HPV DNA was never demonstrated in the men whose partner had only vaginal HPV lesions. Peniscopy is an applicable means of finding the abnormal patterns remaining undetectable by the naked eye, but because of its limited resolution, it is not a conclusive diagnostic tool capable of differentiating HPV- from non-HPV-lesions.
The Pediatric Medical Triangle
Authors: Love N. Carolyn , Lamy Peter P. , Riley Arthur N.
Published: June 2017

The pediatric patient has many needs which are often ignored in the ambulatory environment partially due to participation in a medical triangle. This medical triangle and its participants frequently contribute to the development of an ineffective physician-patient encounter which, in turn, may lead to numerous problems including parental dissatisfaction, altered health care behavior and noncompliance with clinic appointments and drug therapy. This article attempts to summarize some of these problems with the pediatric medical triangle as well as some of the special needs of this patient.
Clinical Use of Biologic Response Modifiers in Cancer Treatment: An Overview Part II. Colony-Stimulating Factors and Interleukin-2
Authors: Balmer Carol McManus
Published: June 2017

Colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) are hematopoietic growth hormones that stimulate the production, maturation, and function of white blood cells. The best studied are granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF) and granulocyte CSF (G-CSF), both of which can be produced by recombinant DNA technology. Clinical indications for these agents include bone marrow failure secondary to administration of chemotherapeutic drugs or radiation, bone marrow transplantation, and a variety of congenital or iatrogenic neutropenias. Toxicity in usual clinical doses is mild, and consists mainly of bone pain and constitutional symptoms such as fever, headache, and myalgias. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a lymphokine that stimulates that multiplication of several types of killer cells. These cells can recognize and destroy foreign substances, such as tumors, without destroying normal cells. Major applications of IL-2 include treatment of patients with renal cell carcinoma, in whom the overall objective response rate is 15–30 percent, and malignant melanoma with response rates of about 18 percent. Combination therapy with other biologics and conventional cytotoxic drugs may increase IL-2's efficacy against these tumors. Toxicity is generally severe, but reversible. Hemodynamic toxicity, consisting of hypotension, edema, weight gain, and decreased renal function, is most characteristic. Suggestions are given for pharmacologic management of these and other IL-2 toxicities.
Pathogenesis of Asthma: Therapeutic Implications
Authors: Milavetz Gary , Kelly H. William , Hill Malcolm R. , Kamada Alan K.
Published: June 2017

The current knowledge of asthma, specifically an appreciation of the contributing mechanisms leading to its development as well as its clinical features, has increased vastly in recent years. A better understanding of asthma's inflammatory nature has resulted in wider use of antiinflammatory agents. Specific effects of available antiasthma medications have been better elucidated, thereby helping to focus the development of newer drugs and improve the use of currently available therapeutic agents. The purpose of this article is to further understanding of asthma by providing the pathologic and physiologic basis of this disease. This is vitally important information as it is shaping the directions of the therapeutic approach to asthma care.
Editorial: Crystal death: it's not always the inflammasome…
Authors: Schmidt Florian I , Ploegh Hidde L
Published: June 2017

Discussion comparing inflammation and cell death in response to crystal uptake and virus infections.
The Many Roads toward Achieving Health Equity
Authors: Cohen Alan B. , Grogan Colleen M. , Horwitt Jedediah N.
Published: June 2017

This special issue of the Journal is devoted to understanding the many roads that lead toward achieving health equity. The eleven articles in the issue portray an America that is struggling with the clash between its historical ideal of pursuing equality for all and its ambivalence toward achieving equity in all social domains, especially health. Organized in five sections, the issue contains articles that examine and analyze: the role of civil rights law and the courts in shaping health equity; the political discourse that has framed our understanding of health equity; health policies that affect health equity, such as the Medicaid program, as well as related strategies that might help to improve equity, such as the use of mobile technologies to empower individuals; immigration policies and practices that impact health equity in marginalized populations; and commentaries in the final section that explore how the Affordable Care Act has addressed health equity, how repeal of the law would jeopardize equity gains, and how the political discourse and culture of the Trump administration could adversely affect health equity.
Health Equity in a Trump Administration
Authors: Stone Deborah
Published: June 2017

Donald Trump's rhetoric and leadership are destroying the “culture of community” necessary for progress on health equity. His one-line promises to provide “quality health care at a fraction of the cost” smack of neoliberal nostrums that shifted ever more costs onto patients, thereby preventing many people from getting care. The dangers of Trump go far beyond health policy, however; Trump's presidency threatens the political and cultural institutions that make any good policy possible.
Pay For Performance and Beyond
Authors: Holmström Bengt
Published: June 2017

Incentives are often associated with narrow financial rewards such as bonuses or executive stock options. But in general such rewards are just a small part of the design of incentives. Properly designed incentive systems have to take into account the full portfolio of activities that the agent can engage in, the array of instruments, many nonfinancial, that are available to influence individuals and consider the factors that motivate them in different settings. Thinking about incentives as a system of interacting instruments and influences has been a major advance in the economics of incentives in recent years. In this lecture I will describe the path from pay for performance to the broader view of incentive systems. (JEL D21, D82, D86, J33, J41, M12, M52)
Information Spillovers in Asset Markets with Correlated Values
Authors: Asriyan Vladimir , Fuchs William , Green Brett
Published: June 2017

We study information spillovers in a dynamic setting with correlated assets owned by privately informed sellers. In the model, a trade of one asset can provide information about the value of other assets. Importantly, the information content of trading behavior is endogenously determined. We show that this endogeneity leads to multiple equilibria when assets are sufficiently correlated. The equilibria are ranked in terms of both trade volume and efficiency. The model has implications for policies targeting post-trade transparency. We show that introducing post-trade transparency can increase or decrease welfare and trading volume depending on the asset correlation, equilibrium being played, and the composition of market participants. (JEL D82, D83, G14, G18)
Dor, histórico de quedas e qualidade de vida de idosos participantes de um projeto comunitário de educação em saúde e atividade física
Authors: Alves Luiz Aldenir da Silva , Brasileiro Ismênia de Carvalho , Bastos Vasco Pinheiro Diógenes , Vasconcelos Thiago Brasileiro de
Published: June 2017

Introdução: O crescimento da população acima de 60 anos, vem se acentuado nos países em desenvolvimento em todo o mundo. Surgindo várias condições crônicas e desgastes dos sistemas funcionais, levando à incapacidade funcional, acarretando diminuição da qualidade de vida. Objetivo. Analisar o histórico de quedas e a qualidade de vida em um grupo de idosos participantes de um projeto comunitário de educação em saúde e atividade física. Método. Estudo quantitativo, transversal e observacional, com idosos que frequentam o Projeto Saúde em Movimento, na cidade de Ocara/CE. A amostra foi dividida em três grupos: iniciantes até (6 meses), intermediário (6 meses a 2 anos) e avançado (acima de 2 anos). Os dados foram coletados por meio de um formulário elaborado pelos pesquisadores e do questionário de qualidade de vida Short Form-36. Resultados. 34 idosos participaram do estudo, sendo 91,2% do sexo feminino. Destes, 23,5% apresentaram comorbidades (câncer, diabetes e HAS). Na análise da qualidade de vida, sete domínios apresentaram mediana acima de 65 pontos. No entanto, não houve correlação entre o histórico de quedas e o tempo de participação no Projeto. Conclusão. Os idosos participantes do projeto apresentaram uma boa qualidade de vida; no entanto, sem influência com relação à dor e ao histórico de quedas.Palavras-chave: Dor. Quedas.
Vivências do pai em face do nascimento do filho prematuro: revisão integrativa
Authors: Barcellos Amanda Aparecida , Zani Adriana Valongo
Published: June 2017

Introdução: O cuidado do filho durante muito tempo foi responsabilidade única e exclusiva da mãe, sendo o pai o responsável apenas pelo sustento da família. No entanto, esta forma de distribuição dos papéis familiares sofreu alterações no decorrer dos anos, e hoje, o pai divide com a mãe as decisões do cotidiano. Objetivo: Identificar, por meio da revisão integrativa, os sentimentos vivenciados pelo pai em face do nascimento do recém-nascido prematuro. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa em que são utilizados artigos científicos completos indexados nas bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE e SCIELO, publicados no período de 2005 a 2015, nos idiomas português e inglês. Foram selecionados 13 artigos para compor essa sistematização. Resultados: Observou-se que os sentimentos mais prevalentes encontrados nos estudos foram medo e insegurança em decorrência do risco de morte e sequelas. Entretanto, alegria e felicidade se associam em diversos momentos devido à concretização da paternidade. O pai, de modo geral, vivencia sentimentos intensos, tão importantes quanto os da mãe. Conclusão: As equipes de saúde atuantes nas unidades neonatais devem estar preparadas para acolher, aconselhar e ensinar esse pai no cuidado do prematuro. Há a necessidade de novos estudos que insiram a figura paterna nesse contexto. Discute-se, também, a adoção de políticas públicas que fiscalizem essa implementação, auxiliando a minimizar sentimentos de sofrimento e a fortalecer sentimentos positivos
Assessment of the quality of life of elderly with diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma submitted to combined modality therapy
Authors: Marinho Erasmo Bernardo , Mota Mário Rogério Lima , Alves Ana Paula Negreiros Nunes , De Moura José Fernando Bastos , Sousa Fabricio Bitu
Published: June 2017

Introduction: Evaluating the quality of life allows a more accurate clinical control as well as the provision of prognostic information for specific groups. This study was designed to evaluate the quality of life of elderly diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma submitted to combined modality therapy. Methods: This is a retrospective and observational study, with cross-sectional quantitative character. A total of 206 records of patients with head and neck cancer treated between April 2013 and October 2014 were analyzed. Eleven patients over six months of treatment completion were included in the study. The questionnaire of quality of life of the University of Washington (UW-QOL) was applied. The data were collected regarding the social-demographic, clinical-pathological and therapeutic profiles, and the non-stimulated salivary flow was measured. Statistical analysis of quantitative data was performed by the Spearman nonlinear correlation, considering a confidence of 95%. Results: Chewing, saliva and speech showed the lowest scores (31.8; 42.3; 60.6, respectively). Statistically significant correlation was found between: shoulder and mood (r=0.787); swallowing and chewing (r=0.761); completion time of radiotherapy and recreation (r=0.659); activity and recreation (r=0.653); pain and swallowing (r=0.626); chewing and speech (r=0.607); age and speech (r=-0.617). Conclusions: Elderly with oral squamous cell carcinoma diagnosis sunmitted to combined modality therapy presented the areas related to chewing, saliva and speech as the most committed ones. Older individuals have greater impairment of speech, as well as those with longer completion of radiotherapy have better results related to the recreation area.
THE LIMITS OF PRAGMATISM IN EDUCATION AND TRAINING AS A FACTOR INFLUENCING THE QUALITY OF LIFE
Authors: Vodzinský Vladimír
Published: June 2017

Characteristics of the development of education system of the Slovak Republic,, The Enlightenment demands nothing but freedom-freedom that lies in the public use of reason and, that is, under any circumstances. Because of to think independently is the calling of every single person.”
Exact Simulation of the SABR Model
Authors: Cai Ning , Song Yingda , Chen Nan
Published: June 2017

The stochastic alpha-beta-rho (SABR) model becomes popular in the financial industry because it is capable of providing good fits to various types of implied volatility curves observed in the marketplace. However, no analytical solution to the SABR model exists that can be simulated directly. This paper explores the possibility of exact simulation for the SABR model. Our contribution is threefold. (i) We propose an exact simulation method for the forward price and its volatility in two special but practically interesting cases, i.e., when the elasticity β = 1, or when β < 1 and the price and volatility processes are instantaneously uncorrelated. Primary difficulties involved are how to simulate two random variables whose distributions can be expressed in terms of the Hartman-Watson and the noncentral chi-squared distribution functions, respectively. Two novel simulation schemes are proposed to achieve numerical accuracy, efficiency, and stability. One stems from numerical Laplace inversion and Asian option literature, and the other is based on recent developments in evaluating the noncentral chi-squared distribution functions in a robust way. Numerical examples demonstrate that our method is fast and accurate under various market environments. (ii) When β < 1 but the price and volatility processes are correlated, our simulation method becomes a semi-exact one. Numerical results suggest that it is still quite accurate when the time horizon is not long, e.g., no greater than one year. For long time horizons, a piecewise semi-exact simulation scheme is developed that reduces the biases substantially. (iii) For European option pricing under the SABR model, we propose a conditional simulation method, which reduces the variance of the plain simulation significantly, e.g., by more than 99%.

The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/opre.2017.1617 .
NICE guideline for antenatal and postnatal mental health: The health visitor role
Authors: Lowenhoff Catherine , Appleton Jane V , Davison-Fischer Jan , Pike Nick
Published: June 2017

When the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guideline for antenatal and postnatal mental health was updated in December 2014, the intervention delivered by health visitors described as ‘listening visits’ was not included in the recommendations as one of a number of possible evidence-based options of support. Maternal mental health is one of the English Department of Health's six high impact areas designated as a fundamental component of health visiting practice. This review demonstrates how health visitors are uniquely placed to fulfil many of the recommendations in the updated NICE guideline, and have a pivotal part to play in prevention, early identification, prompt treatment and improved outcomes for mothers, their partners and their babies. The review also highlights the challenges of delivering the recommended levels of perinatal mental health information, advice and support amid budget cuts, re-organisation of services and conflicting policy priorities.
Betwixt fiction and documentary
Authors: Shōhei Imamura
Published: June 2017

‘Betwixt fiction and documentary’ is Imamura Shōhei’s most cohesive articulation of his quest for a cinema-truth, where fiction and documentary crossover. This short essay situates Imamura’s development as a filmmaker via reference to historical events that variously impacted on the style and form of his work. The original Japanese essay can be found in: S. Imamura (ed.) (2001), Toru: Kannu kara Yamiichi e, Tokyo: Kōsakusha, pp. 234–38.
Imamura Shōhei: Betwixt fiction and documentary − an introduction
Authors: Mihalopoulos Bill
Published: June 2017

‘Betwixt fiction and documentary’ reveals Imamura’s development as a filmmaker through reference to historical events that shaped the style and form of his work. Imamura traces his quest for an authentic cinematic to his involvement in the black market in the years immediately after Japan’s surrender and occupation. ‘Betwixt fiction and documentary’ also gives the background to why Imamura turned his back on commercial filmmaking for most of the 1970s.
A survey exploring National Health Service ePrescribing Toolkit use and perceived usefulness amongst English hospitals
Authors: Cresswell Kathrin , Slee Ann , Sheikh Aziz
Published: June 2017

Background: There is currently limited guidance for hospitals to implement ePrescribing systems. We have developed an ePrescribing Toolkit designed to support ongoing implementation, adoption and optimisation of efforts.Aim: To investigate the perceived usefulness, reported use and areas for further development of the Toolkit by ePrescribing implementers in English hospitals.Methods: Questionnaire-based survey of hospitals that have or are interested in implementing ePrescribing systems.Results: We received responses from a total of 78 individuals representing 49 English NHS Trusts (out of 82 different Trusts who were emailed the survey, 60% response rate). The overwhelming majority of respondents (92%) were familiar with the ePrescribing Toolkit and 66% reported using it to guide their ongoing implementation efforts. The majority of ePrescribing Toolkit users (85%) viewed it as a helpful resource. Implementers particularly valued the case studies describing lessons learnt from hospitals that had already implemented ePrescribing systems. Suggestions for improvement included more information in relation to the progress of hospitals implementing systems, the names of key contacts in these sites, a list of available systems and the contact details of ePrescribing vendors. Respondents also highlighted the need for more information on optimisation and specialist prescribing.Conclusions: Interactive elements and learning lessons from early adopter sites that had accumulated experiences of implementing systems was viewed as the most helpful aspect of the ePrescribing Toolkit. The Toolkit now needs to be further developed to facilitate the continuing implementation/optimisation of ePrescribing and other health information technology across the NHS.
ANÁLISE DE BULAS DOS MEDICAMENTOS À BASE DE GINKGO BILOBA L. COMERCIALIZADAS EM PATOS DE MINAS, MINAS GERAIS, BRASIL
Authors: Andrade Érica Belchior de Lima , Ferreira Lilian Abreu
Published: June 2017

Os medicamentos industrializados elaborados a partir do extrato padronizado de Ginkgo biloba L. são encontrados em farmáciascomunitárias principalmente nas formas de cápsulas e comprimidos. Ao adquirirem o medicamento industrializado, os usuários têm a bula como principal fonte de informação impressa, e para que as informações contidas nesta cumpram sua finalidade, devem ser apresentadas de maneira objetiva, atualizada e completa. Assim, o objetivo do estudo foi analisar as bulas dos medicamentos à base de extrato seco de Ginkgo biloba L. frente às normas exigidas pela RDC nº 47/2009 da Anvisa. Foi realizado um estudo observacional com análise das bulas dos fitoterápicos contendo Ginkgo biloba L. como monofármaco, na forma farmacêutica de cápsulas ou comprimidos, comercializados nas farmácias comunitárias da cidade de Patos de Minas, em relação aos tópicos: Identificação do medicamento, Informações ao paciente, Dizeres legais e Frases obrigatórias. Do total de especialidades farmacêuticas, duas não possuíam bula. Em 45% das bulas, algumas das frases obrigatórias estavam ausentes. Uma bula trazia informação conflitante sobre o real aspecto físico do medicamento. Das informações aos pacientes, 48% das bulas apresentaram-se incompletas, algumas com indicações de uso não estabelecidas pela legislação. Todas as bulas apresentaram as informações referentes aos tópicos Dizeres Legais e Identificação do medicamento, completas. Mesmo diante de uma legislação específica, ainda existem fitoterápicos com suas respectivas bulas fora dos padrões estabelecidos. As bulas podem ter sua função precípua desviada quando deixam de ser um material educativo e informativo tornando-se fonte de confusão e incentivo ao uso incorreto.
AVALIAÇÃO IN VITRO DE ALTERAÇÕES EM LACTUCA SPP. DE SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISEAE NA PRESENÇA DE FÁRMACOS
Authors: Coronetti Mayse Rosa , Cortes Amerieli Leticia Marquezoti , Franzen Mitaly , Hosoi Bruna Maki Utsunomiya , Alves Gabriel Neves , Nicolini Jaqueline , NICOLINI KELLER PAULO
Published: June 2017

A presença de contaminantes emergentes em águas de superfície foi detectada em estudos realizados por pesquisadores de vários países. Neste estudo foram monitorados parâmetros fisiológicos de substratos contaminados pelos antibacterianos, nitrofurantoína (NTF), cloridrato de tetraciclina (CTC), cefalexina (CEF), amoxicilina (AMX), azitromicina (AZI) e norfloxacina (NOR) e pelos analgésicos, diclofenaco de sódio (DFS), dipirona monoidratada (DMH) e diclofenaco de potássio (DFP), em culturas de Lactuca spp. (alface) e de Saccharomyces cereviseae in vitro.Todas as substâncias avaliadas causam alterações metabólicas e fisiológicas na cultura de Lactuca spp., alterando a taxa de germinação, o comprimento de folhas, o comprimento de raízes e as taxas de clorofila alfa e de clorofila beta. No entanto apenas NOR, DFS e DMH causam alterações na concentração inibitória para a produção de espuma de S.cereviseae em concentrações ≤ 5000 ppm.
INTERAÇÕES PLANTA MEDICINAL X MEDICAMENTO CONVENCIONAL NO TRATAMENTO DA HIPERTENSÃO ARTERIAL
Authors: Ataliba Fábia Jéssica Batista , Da Costa Danielly Albuquerque , Farias Andrezza Duarte , Souza Júlia Beatriz Pereira
Published: June 2017

A hipertensão arterial sistêmica, dentre as doenças crônicas, apresenta-se como um dos problemas de saúde de maior magnitude na atualidade, sendo uma das principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade cardiovascular no Brasil. Seu tratamento consiste na utilização de medicamentos convencionais e plantas medicinais, sendo essa associação cada vez mais frequente, aumentando os riscos de ocorrência de interações. Este trabalho teve como objetivo descrever, mediante revisão de literatura, as principais interações entre plantas medicinais e medicamentos sintéticos utilizados na terapia da hipertensão arterial e discutir as implicações do uso concomitante desses produtos. Foi realizada uma revisão da literatura em trabalhos publicados no período de 2006 a 2016, abordando interações de medicamentos com plantas medicinais a partir de levantamento entofarmacológico, seguido e estudos de comprovação da atividade anti-hipertensiva. As plantas reconhecidas para o tratamento de hipertensão foram Allium sativum, Alpinia zerumbet, Citrus sp., Lippia alba, Passiflora sp., Cymbopogon citratus, Sechium edule. Foram avaliadas as possíveis interaçõesdessas plantas com os medicamentos convencionais para tratar hipertensão. Foi observado que as principais interações envolvidas no uso concomitante entre plantas medicinais e fármacos são do tipo farmacodinâmicas. Dessa forma se faz necessário ter cautela ao associar o uso de plantas aos medicamentos.
Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve-in-Valve Replacement with an Edwards Sapien 3 Valve
Authors: Loyalka Pranav , Nascimbene Angelo , Metz Benjamin , Gregoric Igor D. , Raman Ajay Sundara , Kar Biswajit
Published: June 2017

A few case reports and case series have documented the outcomes in patients with tricuspid bioprosthetic valvular degeneration who underwent transcatheter implantation of the Medtronic Melody and the Edwards Sapien XT and Sapien 3 valves. In this report, we describe the case of a 49-year-old woman with severe bioprosthetic tricuspid valvular stenosis and multiple comorbidities who underwent transcatheter tricuspid valve replacement with a Sapien 3 valve.
White Blood Cell Subtypes Are Associated with a Greater Long-Term Risk of Death after Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Shiyovich Arthur , Gilutz Harel , Plakht Ygal
Published: June 2017

We evaluated the association between white blood cell counts and long-term mortality rates in 2,129 patients (mean age, 65.3 ± 13.5 yr; 69% men) who had survived acute myocardial infarction. We obtained white blood cell counts and differential counts of white blood cell subtypes within the first 72 hours of hospital admission. The primary outcome was all-cause death at 1, 5, and 10 years after acute myocardial infarction.

In regard to death in the long term, we found significant negative linear associations (lymphocytes), positive linear associations (neutrophils and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio), and nonlinear U-shaped associations (basophils, eosinophils, monocytes, and total white blood cell count). After multivariate adjustment for the Soroka Acute Myocardial Infarction risk score, lymphocytes (strongest association), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and eosinophils were independently associated with death for up to 10 years after hospital discharge. The independent associations weakened over time.

We conclude that lymphocyte count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and eosinophil count are independently and incrementally associated with death in the long term after acute myocardial infarction.
Degradation of anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac in sewage water
Authors: Gazdová Katarína , Kubiňáková Emília , Híveš Ján , Mackuľak Tomáš
Published: June 2017

In recent years, interest in the presence of chemical and biological pollutants (drugs, pesticides, heavy metals etc.) in sewage water has been permanently increasing and, at the same time, significant effort to eliminate them has been shown. The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of ferrates activity on the decomposition of the drug diclofenac (DCF), which is commonly present in sewage water. The main task is to follow the effect of potassium ferrate dosage on DCF degradation and to evaluate the most effective ferrates concentration in solution. Subsequently, real samples of waste water containing a significant amount of various micro‑pollutants were treated by the same amount of ferrates as laboratory samples. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used for the sample analysis. Ferrates removal effectiveness was determined by comparing the chromatographic peak areas of residual DCF in the treated samples. Removal efficiency of diclofenac is proportional to the concentration of potassium ferrate in the treated solutions.
Delivery-flow routing and scheduling subject to constraints imposed by vehicle flows in fractal-like networks
Authors: Bocewicz Grzegorz , Banaszak Zbigniew , Nielsen Izabela
Published: June 2017

The problems of designing supply networks and traffic flow routing and scheduling are the subject of intensive research. The problems encompass the management of the supply of a variety of goods using multi-modal transportation. This research also takes into account the various constraints related to route topology, the parameters of the available fleet of vehicles, order values, delivery due dates, etc. Assuming that the structure of a supply network, constrained by a transport network topology that determines its behavior, we develop a declarative model which would enable the analysis of the relationships between the structure of a supply network and its potential behavior resulting in a set of desired delivery-flows. The problem in question can be reduced to determining sufficient conditions that ensure smooth flow in a transport network with a fractal structure. The proposed approach, which assumes a recursive, fractal network structure, enables the assessment of alternative delivery routes and associated schedules in polynomial time. An illustrative example showing the quantitative and qualitative relationships between the morphological characteristics of the investigated supply networks and the functional parameters of the assumed delivery-flows is provided.
Availability analysis of selected mining machinery
Authors: Brodny Jarosław , Alszer Sara , Krystek Jolanta , Tutak Magdalena
Published: June 2017

Underground extraction of coal is characterized by high variability of mining and geological conditions in which it is conducted. Despite ever more effective methods and tools, used to identify the factors influencing this process, mining machinery, used in mining underground, work in difficult and not always foreseeable conditions, which means that these machines should be very universal and reliable. Additionally, a big competition, occurring on the coal market, causes that it is necessary to take action in order to reduce the cost of its production, e.g. by increasing the efficiency of utilization machines. To meet this objective it should be pro-ceed with analysis presented in this paper. The analysis concerns to availability of utilization selected mining machinery, conducted using the model of OEE, which is a tool for quantitative estimate strategy TPM. In this article we considered the machines being part of the mechanized longwall complex and the basis of analysis was the data recording by the industrial automation system. Using this data set we evaluated the availability of studied machines and the structure of registered breaks in their work. The results should be an important source of information for maintenance staff and management of mining plants, needed to improve the economic efficiency of underground mining.
The effect of cigarette smoking on endothelial damage and atherosclerosis development – modeled and analyzed using Petri nets
Authors: Chmielewska Kaja , Formanowicz Dorota , Formanowicz Piotr
Published: June 2017

Atherosclerosis as one of the crucial causes of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is the leading reason of death worldwide. One of the contributing factors to this phenomenon is endothelial dysfunction, which is associated with the impact of various agents and their interactions. Tobacco smoke is one of the well known factors here. For better understanding of its significance a model of its impact on atherosclerotic plaque formation has been proposed. The model contains selected aspects of the influence of tobacco smoke, dual function of nitric oxide (NO) (influence of various mechanisms on NO bioavailability), oxidative stress which promotes low density lipoproteins oxidation, macrophages significance and other mechanisms leading to an aggravation of the endothelial disturbances. The model has been built using Petri nets theory and the analysis has been based on t-invariants. This approach allowed to confirm the important role of inflammation and oxidative stress in atherosclerosis development and moreover it has shown the considerable influence of the cigarette smoke.
Sensitivity analysis of signaling pathway models based on discrete-time measurements
Authors: Kardynska Malgorzata , Smieja Jaroslaw
Published: June 2017

The paper is focused on sensitivity analysis of large-scale models of biological systems that describe dynamics of the so called signaling pathways. These systems are continuous in time but their models are based on discrete-time measurements. Therefore, if sensitivity analysis is used as a tool supporting model development and evaluation of its quality, it should take this fact into account. Such models are usually very complex and include many parameters difficult to estimate in an experimental way. Changes of many of those parameters have little effect on model dynamics, and therefore they are called sloppy. In contrast, other parameters, when changed, lead to substantial changes in model responses and these are called stiff parameters. While this is a well-known fact, and there are methods to discern sloppy parameters from the stiff ones, they have not been utilized, so far, to create parameter rankings and quantify the influence of single parameter changes on system time responses. These single parameter changes are particularly important in analysis of signalling pathways, because they may pinpoint parameters, associated with the processes to be targeted at the molecular level in laboratory experiments. In the paper we present a new, original method of creating parameter rankings, based on an Hessian of a cost function which describes the fit of the model to a discrete experimental data. Its application is explained with simple dynamical systems, representing two typical dynamics exhibited by the signaling pathways.
Towards emergence phenomenon in business process management
Authors: Koryl Maciej , Mazur Damian
Published: June 2017

A standard solution regarding business process management automation in enterprises is the use of workflow management systems working by the Rule-Based Reasoning approach. In such systems, the process model which is designed entirely before the implementation has to meet all needs deriving from business activity of the organization. In practice, it means that great limitations arise in process control abilities, especially in the dynamic business environment. Therefore, new kinds of workflow systems may help which typically work in more agile way e.g. following the Case-Based Reasoning approach. The paper shows another possible solution – the use of emergence theory which indicates among other conditions required to fulfill stimulation of the system (for example the business environment) to run grass-roots processes that lead to arising of new more sophisticated organizing forms. The paper also points the using opportunity of such techniques as the processing of complex events to fulfill key conditions pointed by the emergence theory.
Discrete-time feedback stabilization
Authors: Mitkowski Wojciech , Bauer Waldemar , Zagórowska Marta
Published: June 2017

This paper presents an algorithm for designing dynamic compensator for infinitedimensional systems with bounded input and bounded output operators using finite dimensional approximation. The proposed method was then implemented in order to find the control function for thin rod heating process. The optimal sampling time was found depending on discrete output measurements.
Different pathways involved in the stimulatory effects of homocysteine on rat duodenal smooth muscle
Authors: Stojanović Marija , Šćepanović Ljiljana , Mitrović Dušan , Šćepanović Vuk , Šćepanović Radomir , Djuric Marko , Ilić Slobodan , Šćepanović Teja , Djuric Dragan
Published: June 2017

Recent studies have confirmed that hyperhomocysteinemia is associated with gastrointestinal diseases; however, the direct effect of homocysteine on gastrointestinal reactivity still remains unknown. The aim of this study was to demonstrate how homocysteine may affect nitric oxide mediated duodenal relaxation and whether cholinergic receptors and K+ channels take part in stimulating motility, as well as to explore whether oxidative stress is associated with homocysteine-mediated effects. Experiments were carried out on male rats, body mass 250-300 g. Two groups of animals were treated by i.p. application of saline and D,L-Hcy (0.6 μmol/g bm). After 2h of incubation, the duodenal segments were prepared for biochemical analysis and contractile response measurements in an organ bath with Tyrode’s solution. Effects of TEA (10 mmol/L) and L-NAME (30 μmol/L) on duodenal contractility in the presence of D,L-Hcy (0.6 μmol/g bm) were investigated. Elevated homocysteine levels seem to be of crucial importance for the deterioration of contractility through nitric oxide mediated relaxation, and, in part, by activation of K+ channels. Hcy showed direct promuscarinic effects, since 30 min pretreatment of rat duodenum significantly enhanced the contractile effect of increasing concentrations of ACh (10−9-10−2 mol/L). Catalase activity, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and the total antioxidant system were reduced while the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances level was elevated. Our data showed a consistent profile of gastrointestinal injury elicited by sulfur-containing amino acid-homocysteine. This could contribute to explain, at least in part, the mechanisms involved in human gastrointestinal diseases associated to hyperhomocysteinemia.
Identification and partial characterization of a sex specific protein in Koi carp (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus)
Authors: Popovski Zoran , Kwasek Karolina , Wojno Michal , Dabrowski Konrad , Wick Macdonald
Published: June 2017

Gender identification of fish species is carried out mainly by examining external morphological characteristics, which in general, it is very complex and not always a reliable approach. Electrophoresis of plasma proteins can be used as an alternative and useful molecular tool for a more precise sex determination. The presence of female specific proteins in the plasma is a starting point for the application of this technique. In this study, reducing discontinuous sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was applied to analyze plasma proteins of male and female koi carp (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus). Image analyses of electrophoregrams with resolved plasma proteins by SDS-PAGE showed that it is an appropriate technique to discriminate male from female samples. It is based on the presence of apolipoprotein B-100 which can be used as a suitable marker. Further amino acid characterization of apolipoprotein B-100 confirmed that it is a specific protein for female individuals.