bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of DNA aptamer selection approach based on membrane ultrafiltration of aptamer/target complex
Authors: Solovarov I. S. , Khasnatinov M. A. , Liapunova N. A. , Kondratov I. G. , Danchinova G. A.
Published: January 2023

Background. Aptamers are small single-stranded DNA or RNA molecules that have an affinity for a specific target molecule. The main method of aptamers construction is the technology of systematic evolution of ligands with exponential enrichment (SELEX). However, the exact approach depends on the nature of target molecules, and is selected and optimized by each researcher independently. The article describes the technique of production of aptamers to the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) using membrane ultrafiltration with a molecular weight cut-off of 100 kDa. As a result, the pool of aptamers with observable affinity for TBEV is successfully selected and enriched.The aim. To develop the technique suitable for selection of specific DNA aptamers to a live, crude TBEV suspension directly in cell culture supernatant.Materials and methods. The selection of aptamers was carried out using a modified SELEX DNA aptamer technology in combination with semipermeable membrane ultrafiltration using Vivaspin 6 (Sartorius, Germany) concentrators of molecular weight cut-off of 100 kDa. Enrichment of a specific pool of aptamers was performed using real time polymerase chain reaction. Aptamers were sequenced with automated Sanger sequencing method. The direct virucidal effect of the aptamers was determined by the decrease in the titer of the infectious virus after incubation with the aptamer.Results. The pool of aptamers to TBEV was selected and enriched. This aptamer pool expressed affinity both to the infectious TBEV and to the TBEV antigen. Sixteen aptamers were sequenced from this pool and four of them were synthesized and tested for antiviral activity against TBEV. No antiviral activity was observed.Conclusions. The technique developed that can be successfully used to select aptamers to a live virus culture for the viruses comparable in size to TBEV or larger.
Features of morphological and ultrastructural organization of the cornea (literature review)
Authors: Khalimov A. R. , Surkova V. K. , Kazakbaeva G. M. , Usubov E. L. , Khalimova L. I. , Zaynullina N. B.
Published: January 2023

The human cornea – the anterior fibrous membrane of the eye, is a unique ordered optical-biological system that is avascular, saturated with nerve endings, includes tissue-specific cells, consists mainly of various types of collagen. An exceptional feature of the collagen layers of the cornea, including the collagen plates of the stroma, is transparency, which provides physiological refraction and light transmission due to the stable supporting properties of the cornea. The data on the morphological structure of the cornea, which is an important element of the optical system of the eye, are of considerable interest not only from theoretical, but also from practical positions. This is due to the fact that the identification of the first signs of deviation from normal physiological morphological and ultrastructural criteria in the cornea allows us to establish the nature of its pathological changes, which can be caused by both hereditary predisposition and local and general disorders. It has been shown that the thinning of the layers of the cornea, a decrease in the density of endotheliocytes or keratocytes signal the development of dystrophic processes in it. In addition to evaluating quantitative morphometric data, changes in qualitative ultrastructural indicators play an important role. In particular it was found that a decrease in the density of endothelial cells is accompanied by an increase in their size and a decrease in the cell nucleus. In addition, a number of degenerative pathological conditions are characterized by a decrease in the diameter of collagen fibrils and a change in the density of fibrillary packaging.This literature review presents basic information, features of morphology, ultrastructural organization and functional purpose of layers and cells of the human cornea.
A new radiological method for examining patients with forefoot deformities
Authors: Leonova S. N. , Usoltsev I. V. , Kosareva M. A.
Published: January 2023

The aim of the study. To establish the possibility of using the X-ray method for determining the position of the metatarsal heads for preoperative planning in the treatment of patients with forefoot deformities.Material and methods. The proposed radiological method for determining the position of the metatarsal heads includes performing radiography on a special platform. On the X-ray image, the relative position of the metatarsal heads is determined. Using the proposed X-ray method, we examined 15 patients with transient metatarsalgia under the 3rd metatarsal head, which developed after surgical treatment of hallux valgus and hammertoe (2nd toe), and 28 patients with similar forefoot deformity without postoperative metatarsalgia.Results. As a result of the proposed X-ray method, we found that in in 86.67 % of patients with transient metatarsalgia, the 3rd metatarsal head was below the adjacent 2nd and 4th metatarsal heads. In 82.14 % of patients without postoperative complications, the 3rd metatarsal head was higher or at the same level as the adjacent 4th metatarsal head. The clinical application of the proposed method made it possible to determine the position of the 2nd, 3rd or 4th metatarsal heads and to establish normal variants and deviations from the norm.Conclusions. The proposed X-ray method makes it possible to effectively determine the relative position of the metatarsal heads and to choose the optimal surgical tactics for the treatment of patients with forefoot deformities. The proposed method for determining the position of the metatarsal heads is advisable to be included in the preoperative examination along with the standard X-ray of the foot bones, due to its reproducibility, as well as the value of the information obtained.
The infarct-limiting efficacy of deltorphin-II in old rats with diet-induced metabolic syndrome
Authors: Naryzhnaya N. V. , Mukhomedzyanov A. V. , Kurbatov B. K. , Sirotina M. A. , Kilin M. , Azev V. N. , Maslov L. N.
Published: January 2023

Background. The discovery of new pharmacological agents for myocardial protection during reperfusion injury is an urgent goal of modern physiology and pharmacology.The aim of the study. To identify the potential for protecting the myocardium from reperfusion injury by administering the delta-2 opioid receptor agonist deltorphin-II prior to reperfusion in old rats with diet-induced metabolic syndrome.Materials and methods. The study was performed on Wistar rats aged 60 days (young rats) and 450 days (old rats) before the onset of a study. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) was modeled for 84 days with a high-carbohydrate high-fat diet (16 % protein, 21 % fat, 46 % carbohydrate) with the replacement of drinking water with 20 % fructose solution. Myocardial infarction was performed by 45-min coronary occlusion followed by 120-min reperfusion; the size of the area of the necrotic myocardium was determined relative to the size of the hypoperfusion zone. The delta-2 opioid receptor agonist deltorphin-II was administered once intravenously 5 minutes before the end of ischemia.Results. It was found that coronary occlusion and subsequent reperfusion both in groups of young and old rats led to the formation of myocardial infarction (necrosis), the size of which was 45 % of the size of the risk zone. Administration of deltorphin-II in old rats led to a limitation of infarct size to 30 % of the size of the risk zone, i. e. 1.7-fold. The use of deltorphin-II in old rats with MetS contributed to a decrease in infarct size to 27 % of the size of the risk zone (1.5 times). The obtained results demonstrate the cardioprotective efficacy of the delta-2 opioid receptor agonist deltorphin-II in aging and metabolic syndrome in rats.Conclusions. These data may serve as a basis for conducting preclinical studies of deltorphin-II as a drug for treatment of acute myocardial infarction.
Protracted fever after infliximab induction therapy in a patient with ulcerative colitis (clinical case)
Authors: Chashkova E. Yu. , Pak E. V. , Shedoeva L. R. , Gerasimenko A. N.
Published: January 2023

Inflammatory bowel diseases (ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease) tend to increase in frequency and prevalence worldwide and lead to a significant reduction in quality of life with a complicated course. Intravenous administration of corticosteroids in acute severe ulcerative colitis is effective in 60–70 % of cases. Rescue therapy for patients with steroid‐refractory and steroid-dependence attacks is effective for reducing colectomy or colproctectomy and improves long-term treatment outcomes. Despite the proven efficacy of infliximab, limitations to the use of monoclonal antibodies are adverse reactions to the administration of genetically engineered biologic therapy (GEBT), both well-known and studied, and rare.The aim of the study. To analyze a case of an extremely rare and paradoxical incurable hyperergic reaction that occurred after using genetically engineered biological therapy with tumor necrosis factor alpha blockers in a patient suffering from ulcerative colitis.Materials and methods. We carried out the search in the PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Medline databases until November 1, 2022 using the following keywords: inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis (UC), anti-tumor necrosis factor α (antiTNFα), infliximab, fever, adverse events. In the scientific electronic library eLIBRARY, a search was made for Russian-language publications using similar queries in Russian. We analyzed the patient’s medical records from 03.06.2013 up to the present day; the patient signed an informed consent for the publication and discussion of the presented data.Conclusion. The widespread use of GEBT in the treatment of autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases leads to the accumulation of both positive and negative experience of clinicians in real clinical practice. The officially described adverse events in the appointment of any drug suggest options for their prevention and treatment. Atypical manifestations or casuistic cases must be systematized for further fundamental pathophysiological studies.
FORMATION OF INFORMATION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES
Authors: Vakulenko Vitalii , Xiaowei Liu
Published: January 2023

The purpose of the article is to generalize and present the peculiarities of the process of forming a system of information support for the management of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine. Methodology. General scientific (generalization, comparison, induction and deduction) and empirical and theoretical methods (analysis, synthesis) were used in the research. The use of system-structural analysis made it possible to identify the main features of the process of forming a system of information support for the management of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine. The results of the study showed that with the help of big data analysis in agriculture it is possible to remotely detect problems that can be used to identify nutrient deficiencies, diseases, lack or excess of water, pest and weed infestation, insect damage, etc. It is determined that the use of analytical tools based on the analysis of geographic information systems data is useful in modeling and mapping, which can be used to predict crop yields. Practical implications. The results of the study can be used in the management of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine. The obtained results can be directed to further research on the analysis of big data in agriculture in the management of agricultural enterprises. Value / originality. The scientific novelty of the results obtained is determined by the solution of an important scientific task, which is to develop theoretical provisions and practical recommendations for the formation of a system of information support for the management of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine. The work has further developed research on the use and analysis of big data in agriculture in the management of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine.
The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Omega-7 Against Cisplatin in Rat Model
Authors: Mahmood Shrouq H , Hassan Ali F
Published: January 2023

Omega-7 (palmitoleic acid, 16:1 n7) is a monounsaturated fatty acid that is found to have several beneficial effects. Cisplatin is commonly considered for the treatment of different carcinomas. Cisplatin therapy is restricted due to its nephrotoxicity. Nephrotoxicity caused by cisplatin is thought to be associated with inflammatory reactions among other mechanisms. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible anti-inflammatory effect of omega-7 on cisplatin in rats. Thirty adult male Wistar Albino rats were divided randomly into five equal groups, rats of group 1 received liquid paraffin solution orally for 7 consecutive days, rats of group 2 received cisplatin (7.5 mg/kg) by single intraperitoneal injection, rats of group 3 received omega-7 (50 mg/kg) by oral administration for 7 days consecutively and then followed by single cisplatin (7.5 mg/kg) intraperitoneal injection on the eighth day, rats of group 4 received omega-7 (100 mg/kg) by oral administration for 7 days consecutively followed by single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (7.5 mg/kg) on the eighth day, rats of group 5 received omega-7 only (100 mg/kg) orally for 7 consecutive days. On day 9, all animals were euthanized and then serum samples were utilized for assessment of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Treatment of rats with omega-7 had led to significant decline in the activities of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β, and significant reduction in the level of IL-10. Omega-7 has an anti-inflammatory effect against cisplatin adverse effects.
PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN DIGITAL BAGI PELAKU USAHA MANTAN PEKERJA MIGRAN DI KOTA PROBOLINGGO
Authors: Ferriswara Dian , Ambarwati Arie
Published: January 2023

Permasalahan pelaku usaha umumnya di Kota Probolinggo, khususnya dari komunitas peserta UMKM Permodalan Nasional Madani adalah belum memahami pengelolaan keuangan secara digital dan konsep digital marketing. Metode yang digunakan pada pengabdian ini adalah metode pelatihan sekaligus praktek menggunakan aplikasi yang dibutuhkan untuk pengelolaan keuangan secara digital dan juga pelatihan melakukan konsep digital marketing. Hasil pengabdian merupakan kepahaman akan pentingnya pengelolaan keuangan dan dimudahkannya pengelolaan keuangan secara digital serta peserta secara umum memiliki kemampuan menggunakan aplikasi pengelolaan keuangan secara digital. Hasil berikutnya sebetulnya kemampuan peserta dalam melakukan konsep digital marketing khususnya mendatangkan traffic ke akun media sosial dan akun marketplace mereka, serta membuat akun WA Bisnis untuk komunikasi dan membuat katalog produk.
Politik Hukum Penegakan Tindakan Korupsi Dimasa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Bintarto Muhammad al ikhwan , Zulhaj Ramy Abubakri Akhirul
Published: January 2023

Corruption is an immoral act contradict the law which is all of part can’t agree with this doing and can scathe the finances and economy a country, corruption can be carried out in all aspects of society from the lower classes to the upper classes. Corruption in Indonesia in 2020 increased according to ICW even though it was still in the Covid-19 pandemic which presiden was designated thic pandemic as a non-natural disaster, then can point 1 and 2 in Anti-Corruption Laws be implemented during a pandemic The purpose of this study is to explain how the legal policy of enforcing corruption during covid-19 pandemic and how to implement the Anti-Corruption Law point 1 and 2 when pandemic era. This study uses normative research so that it can provide an assessment of a legal action and The data for this research collected from laws and regulations, books, journals, etc. And the results of this study want to know how to enforce corruption in Indonesia when the covid-19 pandemic
Model Pembelajaran MURDER (Mood, Understanding,Recall,Digest, Expand, Review) Berbantuan Media Gamifikasi dan Self Concept: Dampak terhadap Pemahaman Konsep Matematis Peserta Didik
Authors: Subekti Ina , Andriani Siska , Mujib  , Mardiyah
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat dampak model pembelajaran Mood, Understanding, Recall, Digest, Expand, Review (MURDER) berbantuan gamifikasi dan self concept terhadap dampak kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis peserta didik. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas X SMK Persada Bandar Lampung. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel terdiri dari dua kelas, kelas yang pertama yaitu kelas eksperimen yang diberi perlakuan menggunakan model pembelajaran Mood, Understanding, Recall, Digest, Expand, Review (MURDER) berbantuan media gamifikasi dan kelas kedua yaitu kelas kontrol yang diberi perlakuan menggunakan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan menggunakan strategi quasi eksperiment. Hasil rata rata dari penelitian ini pada kelas eksperimen yang menggunakan model MURDER yaitu sebesar 82,181 dan kelas kontrol dengan model PBL yaitu sebesar 65,587. Rata-rata angket yang diperoleh pada self concept tinggi adalah 77,214, dan pada self concept sedang adalah 73,271, sedangkan pada self concept rendah adalah 71,167. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji normalitas dan homogenitas, dan uji hipotesis menggunakan uji anova dua arah.

Kata Kunci : Murder, Gamifikasi, Pemahaman Konsep Matematis, Self Concept
Calibration of the interferometric side scan sonar based on the survey data on a section of the seabed with a known relief
Authors:   Kotelnikov IRE RAS, Branch in Fryazino, 141120, Russia, Fryazino, prospekt Vvedenskogo, 1, Kaevitser V.I. , Krivtsov A.P. ,   Kotelnikov IRE RAS, Branch in Fryazino, 141120, Russia, Fryazino, prospekt Vvedenskogo, 1, Smolyaninov I.V. ,   Kotelnikov IRE RAS, Branch in Fryazino, 141120, Russia, Fryazino, prospekt Vvedenskogo, 1, Elbakidze A.V. ,   Kotelnikov IRE RAS, Branch in Fryazino, 141120, Russia, Fryazino, prospekt Vvedenskogo, 1
Published: January 2023

The paper considers algorithms for calculating the parameters of the interferometric side scan sonar based on the processing of acoustic survey data of the seabed surface with a known relief. The algorithms were tested on mathematical models of signals reflected from a flat horizontal surface. The possibilities of the proposed algorithms are demonstrated on experimental phase-difference measurements of interferometric side scan sonar obtained on a site with a flat seabed. The effectiveness of algorithms for calibration of interferometric side scan sonars is shown.
Hutz Limhitzato as Matter Out of Place: From Mary Douglas to the Stam
Authors: Zuckier Shlomo
Published: January 2023

The Babylonian Talmud conceptualizes the proscription against consuming the tereifah/mauled animal (Exod 22:30) and reformulates it as a rule prohibiting any entity that has exited hutz limhitzato, “outside its [proper] bound.” Through a close analysis of the half-dozen sugyot that utilize this rule and their precursors, this article considers the gradual development of this conceptual category throughout the strata of rabbinic literature, concluding that the fullest development of this concept is manifest in the Stam (anonymous layer of the Babylonian Talmud). The developed conception behind the rule can be best understood in light of Mary Douglas’s conception of “matter out of place.” The rabbis make a Douglas-style argument, that, at times, the location of matter outside its proper place suffices to explain an item’s prohibited status. An appendix demonstrates that a seeming early appearance of the term hutz limhitzato in Mekhilta de-Rashbi is of medieval, rather than Tannaitic, provenance.
Pendapatan Petani Terhadap Harga Jual Jagung di Pasaran Terkait Adanya Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Nugroho Handika P
Published: January 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pendapatan petani jagung terhadap harga jual di pasaran dan dampak yang dialami petani terkait adanya pandemik Covid-19 di Kecamatan Bintauna. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif. Masalah ini dilihat dengan pendekatan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa: pendapatan petani selama pandemik Covid-19 ini mengalami penurunan karena petani mengalami kesusahan dalam memasarkan hasil produksi jagung mereka dan kesusahan dalam mendapatkan kebutuhan yang di perlukan untuk proses pengolahan lahan pertaniannya. Adapun dampak yang dialami petani yaitu keterbatasan ruang gerak dalam mengolah lahan taninya akibat adanya pembatasan sosial bersakala besar (PSBB) yang ditetapkan pemerintah membuat hasil panen petani tidak maksimal, kenaikan harga serta kelangkaan input produksi pertanian seperti bibit, pupuk, dan racun, terjadinya penurunan harga jual dan sulitnya akses dalam memasarkan hasil produksi jagung ke pasaran merupakan dampak yang dialami petani selama masa pandemik Covid-19.
Efektifitas Strategi Pemasaran Digital Four Points by Sheraton Hotel Terhadap Penjualan Makanan dan Minuman Halal
Authors: Djamali Radjab
Published: January 2023

Pada era digitalisasi sekarang, telah terjadi perombakan besar ? besaran terhadap lifestyle masyarakat, dari awalnya semua hal dari segi konvensional beralih ke medan yang lebih praktis yaitu penggunaan teknologi dalam segala aspek kehidupan. Rumusan masalah yang diangkat yaitu bagaimana strategi digital marketing konten instagram terhadap efektivitas penjualan makanan dan minuman halal di Hotel Four Points by Sheraton Manado. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif yang berguna untuk memberikan fakta dan data mengenai strategi digital marketing konten Instagram terhadap penjualan makanan dan minuman halal di Hotel Four Points by Sheraton Manado. Kemudian data tersebut dianalisis dengan pendekatan teori segmentasi, targetting, positioning dan marketing mix (7P) yang memberikan pengembangan terhadap bidang kajian penelitian. Teknik analisis data dengan reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan data analisis, Hotel Four Points by Sheraton Manado menerapkan segmentasi, targgeting dan positioning untuk mengelompokkan kelompok yang diramalkan akan menjadi repeater guest. Pada hal ini juga marketing mix (7P) tidak henti dijalankan melalui media Instagram untuk turut mengambil peran yang signifikan untuk memasarkan produk halal kepada followers maupun non ? followers.
Kisgyermeknevelők által befolyásolható környezet a bölcsődében
Authors: Gyöngy Kinga
Published: January 2023

Szakirodalom-kutatásunk során a magyar bölcsődék történetében a csoportszobai környezet szempontjából jelentős változtatásokat mutatjuk meg, összevetve a jelen szabályzókban – vonatkozó törvényben, rendeletekben, építési szabványban, bölcsődei minőségbiztosítási sztenderdben – a környezetre vonatkozó tartalmakkal. Azokat a környezeti tényezőket kerestük, melyek a bölcsődében a kisgyermekek viselkedésére hatással vannak és amelyekre a pedagógusok hatással lehetnek. Tanulmányunkban ezen környezeti tényezők tételes bemutatására vállalkozunk nemzetközi szakirodalmi kitekintéssel, a bölcsődeépületek tervezésében résztvevők, valamint a térhasználó és teret alakító kisgyermeknevelők számára. A keresési kritériumok között két fontos szempont volt. Az egyik, hogy empirikus módon bebizonyosodjon, a környezeti tényező befolyásolja a gyermekek viselkedését. A másik, hogy a bölcsődevezető vagy a kisgyermeknevelő hatáskörébe essen ezek megváltoztatása, valamint a leírásból legyen egyértelmű, hogy a gyakorlatban hogyan is néz ki a pedagógiai pozitívumokat hordozó tér.
Az autizmus spektrumzavar néhány aspektusa
Authors: Fási Katalin , Erdei Róbert
Published: January 2023

A tanulmány az autizmus spektrumzavar néhány olyan aspektusát kívánja bemutatni, amelyek a mindennapi pedagógiai gyakorlat szempontjából is jelentőséggel bírnak. A zavar általános áttekintéséből, a spektrumjellegéből kiindulva a szerzők bemutatják a legfontosabb diagnosztikus kritériumokat, valamint a diagnózis szempontjából legrelevánsabb tüneteket. Tárgyalásra kerül a jellemző életkor, amikor a diagnózis legkorábban megadható. A szerzők olyan aspektusokat is érintenek, mint az autizmus spektrumzavar és az intellektuális képességek összefüggése, az autizmussal élők mindennapi életben tapasztalt nehézségei és az autizmussal érintettek családjaira gyakorolt hatások, mint a stressz vagy a járulékos egészségügyi problémák. Az autizmus spektrumzavarral élők esetén a megfelelő fejlesztési lehetőségek biztosítása kiemelt jelentőségű. Ilyen lehetőségek a kognitív képességek fejlesztésére irányuló módszerek, a változások menedzselésének támogatása, a kommunikációs készségek fejlesztése. Kulcsfontosságú a társas támogatás biztosítása, amely nem csak az érintett gyermekek számára jelentős, hanem a szülőknek is nagy segítséget nyújt a mindennapi kihívások eredményes menedzselésében.
Thuyết ưu sinh ở Trung Quốc qua lăng kính cộng tính văn hóa
Authors: Jin Ruining
Published: January 2023

Câu thành ngữ quen thuộc “One man’s trash is another man’s treasure” (Điều không cần cho người này vẫn có thể rất cần cho người khác) hay được dùng để miêu tả sự khác biệt về giá trị của một vật đối với hai người khác nhau. Trong các nghiên cứu văn hóa và xã hội, thuyết ưu sinh là một ví dụ điển hình cho cách diễn đạt ngôn ngữ này.
Identifying the regional emergence of climate patterns in the ARISE-SAI-1.5 simulations
Authors: Labe Zachary , Barnes Elizabeth , Hurrell James
Published: January 2023

Stratospheric aerosol injection is a proposed form of solar climate invention (SCI) that could potentially reduce the amount of future warming from externally-forced climate change. However, more research is needed, as there are significant uncertainties surrounding the possible impacts of SCI, including unforeseen effects on regional climate patterns. In this study, we consider a climate model simulation of the deployment of stratospheric aerosols to maintain the global mean surface temperature at 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels (ARISE-SAI-1.5). Leveraging two different machine learning methods, we evaluate when the effects of SCI would be detectable at regional scales. Specifically, we train a logistic regression model to classify whether an annual mean map of near-surface temperature or total precipitation is from future climate change under the influence of SCI or not. We then design an artificial neural network to predict how many years it has been since the deployment of SCI by inputting the regional maps from the climate intervention scenario. In both detection methods, we use feature attribution methods to spatially understand the forced climate patterns that are important for the machine learning model predictions. The differences in regional temperature signals are detectable in under a decade for most regions in the SCI scenario compared to greenhouse gas warming. However, the influence of SCI on regional precipitation patterns is more difficult to distinguish due to the presence of internal climate variability.
Constraining the complex refractive index of black carbon particles using the complex forward-scattering amplitude
Authors: Moteki Nobuhiro , Ohata Sho , Yoshida Atsushi , Adachi Kouji
Published: January 2023

Black carbon is the largest contributor to global aerosol’s shortwave absorption in the current atmosphere and is an important positive climate forcer. The complex refractive index, m = mr + imi, the primary determinant of the absorbed and scattered energies of incident radiation per unit volume of particulate material, has not been accurately known for atmospheric black carbon material. An accurate value at visible wavelengths has been difficult to obtain due to the black carbon’s wavelength-scale irregularity and variability of aggregate shape, distribution in particle size, and mixing with other aerosol compounds. Here, we present a method to constrain a plausible (mr, mi) domain for black carbon from the observed distribution of the complex forward-scattering amplitude S(0°). This approach suppresses the biases due to the above-mentioned complexities. The S(0°) distribution of black carbon is acquired by performing single particle S(0°) measurements in a water medium after collecting atmospheric aerosols into water. We demonstrate the method operating at λ = 0.633 μm for constraining the refractive index of black carbon aerosols in the north-western Pacific boundary layer. From the plausible (mr, mi) domain consistent with the observed S(0°) distributions and the reported range of mass absorption cross-section, we conservatively select 1.95+0.96i as a recommendable value of the refractive index for uncoated black carbon at visible wavelengths. The recommendable value is 0.17 larger in mi than the widely used value 1.95+0.79i in current aerosol-climate models, implying a ~16% underestimate of shortwave absorption by black carbon aerosols in current climate simulations.
The Paradox of Customization: Negotiating racial identity with "multiple choice" in avatar creation
Authors: Pandita Swati , Humphreys Lee H. , Won Andrea Stevenson
Published: January 2023

In social virtual reality platforms avatars represent users and allow them to interact with others. These avatars can be customized to represent users’ identities. Character creation interfaces (CCIs) offer a wealth of customization options, but is increased choice sufficient to address known disparities in representation? This article utilizes the Values at Play framework to understand how users identify and respond to the values embedded in CCIs when creating avatars with a connection to their physical-world identity. Sixteen individuals familiar with CCIs created an avatar for a job interview to be held in virtual reality (VR). Participants chose between Adobe Fuse and FaceGen to create photorealistic avatars. The avatar creation experience was followed by in-depth interviews. We found participants’ underwent experiences of identity recognition, negotiation, and authentic ambiguity during avatar customization. The experience of creating their avatars illustrate the paradox of customization, in which more choice can lead to less satisfaction. We discuss implications for our collective understanding of VR avatar-based identity construction with CCIs.
Small Penises and Fast Cars: Evidence for a Psychological Link
Authors: Richardson Daniel C. , Devlin Joseph , Hogan John S , Thompson Chuck
Published: January 2023

In this experiment, we manipulated what men believed about their own penis size, relative to others. We gave them false information, stating that the average penis size was larger than it in fact is, reasoning that, on average, these males will feel that relatively and subjectively their own penis was smaller; compared to those told that the average penis size was smaller than true average. We then asked them to rate how much they would like to own a sports car. These facts and questions were buried amongst other items giving information and asking for product ratings, so that our hypothesis was masked from participants. We found that males, and males over 30 in particular, rated sports cars as more desirable when they were made to feel that they had a small penis.
The potential of inclusive and collaborative Open Research processes at the science-policy interface
Authors: Cole Nicki Lisa , Reichmann Stefan , Ross-Hellauer Tony
Published: January 2023

Proponents of Open Research often assert that it can support evidence-based policy-making by making scientific outputs more readily available to policy-makers and other policy actors, yet there is little empirical work to support or deny this claim. This paper fills this void by reporting the results of a qualitative study with researchers who regularly work at the science-policy interface. We found that there is little evidence that Open Research products, namely Open Access and open data, which aim at increasing access and transparency, are useful in integrating science into policy-making. Instead, we found that the cognitive accessibility of research outputs is more important than their physical accessibility, and that inclusive and collaborative Open Research processes, like upstream engagement, co-creation and Citizen Science, are most effective at doing so.
Building Programmable Commons
Authors: Terzis Petros
Published: January 2023

First, we asked ‘who shall govern the Internet?’ as its decentralised and open nature promised a public sphere free from the manipulation and fragmentation of the ad-driven mass media. ‘Commons’ was an omnipresent theme in this discourse. These dynamics laid the groundwork for a global, interdisciplinary dialogue of -and for- political creation.Fast forward to the present and the early discussions on peer-to-peer technologies seem already outworn; mere chapters in the history of an infrastructure whose public nature and legacy are reflected only on a fraction of what people perceive as the ‘Internet’. Legal battles that marked the development of entire disciplines are now -almost- irrelevant serving as good reminders that power lies more in avoiding battles (ie ad-targeting) than it does in winning them. Today, programmable networks, computational infrastructures, and the software applications they support have constructed a ‘private Internet’ whose rules and trajectories are largely shaped by actors accountable only to their shareholders. Actively supported by state authorities, tech conglomerates do not only ‘take power’ by capturing public-sector space but they ‘make power’ by constantly experimenting with novel technological possibilities. Responding to some of these challenges, policymakers have been focusing on ways to regulate data and -more recently- on instituting, top-down, modes of data governance. But although data is power, power is not only data and (as ongoing work on programmable infrastructures indicates) power over what can be computed, creates power over what can be decided. Therefore, the agenda on the regulation of private power over data requires a parallel enquiry on the power concentration in the world’s computational resources and the value chains they sustain and support. This paper is part of such a project. By reviewing early work of network theorists and Internet scholars as well as literature on the governance of commons, this paper argues that beyond market, states, and their hybrids and beyond private property and public sector regimes, there exists political space for social practices and transformative legal interventions that can give shape to radically different institutional actions for the management of the world’s infocomputational resources. Programmable commons and the public value of programmability are thus introduced as parts of a broader political project that aspires to democratise access to, and management of these resources. By drawing on the history of a family of commons -namely intellectual commons, infrastructure commons, and global commons-, this paper explores the material form and impact of infocomputational technologies and presents a blend of bottom-up and top-down initiatives for their commons-based organisation and governance.
The Urgency of Agrarian Reform Policy: A Study of the Impact of Land Access on Farmer Household Welfare
Authors: Samosir Heru Poppy , Moeis Jossy P
Published: January 2023

Abstract: Inequality of land ownership is caused by unequal access to land. This study examined the impact of land access on total farmer's household expenditure. The Agrarian reform policy assumed open and expand access to land for groups of landless or near landless farmer households. Through state-led and market-led approaches, this research provided a categorization of access to land in two ways, which are access opening and access expansion variables with each sample coverage. Using the two periods difference-in-difference (DID) method, this study analyzed the impact of opening and expanding access to the total expenditure of farmer households using IFLS 2007 and 2014 data. The results showed that there is a significant difference in the total expenditures of farmer households due to the opening and expansion of access referring to the land distribution scheme (state-led approach), and there is no significant difference through the market-led approach. Therefore, agrarian reform policies need to be carried out by emphasizing the role of the state in implementing land redistribution to landless and small farmers.
 
Keywords: Agrarian reform, state-led approach, market-led approach, impact of land access, total farmer household expenditure
Культурный код как дискурсивный феномен
Authors: Morina L. P.
Published: January 2023

The author of the article suggests turning to discursive forms of its representation in search of a cultural code. Language, being the most conservative element of culture, has a mnemonic function. Accordingly, it is a way of traditional conceptualization of the world. Exploring its specific expressions (words, idioms, sayings, legends), the axiomatic structures of understanding, value orientations, aesthetic and ethical norms of the ethnos are revealed.
INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE WORK OF MARITIME BUSINESS ENTERPRISES DUE TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF DIGITALIZATIONT
Authors:   Odessa National Maritime University, Chebanova Tetiana , Datsenko Nionila ,   Odessa National Maritime University
Published: January 2023

Digital transformation is the introduction of modern information technologies into the business processes of an enterprise.Digitization of business processes is relevant not only at the level of individual enterprises. Whole industries choose this path of development as the only way to meet the ever-changing environmental conditions. Thanks to this, the digital transformation of industry, retail trade, the public sector and other areas is already changing the life of every person and every company today.Digital transformation of business processes is aimed at companies making quick decisions, quickly adapting their work to today's requirements and meeting the needs of their customers. The process of digitization did not bypass the port activity. Digitization of business processes in this field is quite active and effective.The article analyzes the main theoretical aspects of the implementation of digitalization of business processes in port activities. The main modern trends of digital transformation, which are relevant for the port industry today, have been identified. The authors reflect the main prospective directions of the introduction of digital technologies in the activities of port enterprises.In the course of the research, the general transformational processes taking place in port activity due to the introduction of digital innovations were analyzed.An analysis of the main effective IT-solutions used in the field of port cargo handling accounting was carried out. The authors also determined how digital technologies affect the safety of transportation and the optimization of the work of the personnel of port enterprises. As a result of the study, it was established that the implementation of digitalization of business processes significantly affects the overall efficiency of the sea ports. It was determined that the use of modern digital technologies makes it possible to improve the quality of ship service, increases the throughput capacity of the sea ports, and also increases the level of security during cargo transportation.Keywords: digital technologies, digital transformation, business models, digitization of business processes.
The Image of a Bear in the Chuvash Culture
Authors: Fomin Eduard Valentinovich
Published: January 2023

The work is devoted to the study of the image of the bear in the Chuvash linguistic culture and aims to study its properties in the perception of the Chuvash people in a broad ethnographic aspect, including linguistic (etymological, onomastic), as well as folklore approaches. The material of the study was the texts of oral folk art and ethnographic developments containing information about bears. The author also refers to thematic developments in the field of Finno-Ugric studies, since the Finno-Ugric peoples are representatives of the forest culture, which invariably implies a significant participation of bears in their lives. The study is based on traditional methods: scientific understanding of oral folk art and analysis of ethnographic literature. The bear is a popular character in Chuvash folklore. At the same time, it does not have an unambiguous assessment in the Chuvash culture: the bear is an ingenuous creature, as a result of which it loses to a cunning person. At the same time, the Chuvash recognize the bear as a symbol of strength. Analogues in the perception of the bear are more likely to be traced in Russian linguistic culture than in the cultures of the Volga-Kama peoples, many of whom, primarily the Finno-Ugric peoples, recognize the bear as a totem animal. A number of Chuvash texts about bears are nomadic plots.
PENGELOLAAN PROYEK PEMBANGUNAN PERUMAHAN THE ICON MENGGUNAKAN METODE MANAJEMEN KONSTRUKSI DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Dhaniel Charas , Pamadi Mulia , Savitri Amanatullah
Published: January 2023

Konstruksi telah dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh COVID-19. Di beberapa negara, proyek konstruksi dihentikan, dan bahkan di beberapa negara di mana pekerjaan konstruksi dihentikan masih diizinkan, standar keamanan yang tinggi diperlukan. Keamanan lokasi konstruksi sangat penting selama pandemi COVID-19. Kontraktor bertanggung jawab untuk menciptakan tempat kerja yang aman di situs proyek. Manajemen proyek merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam penerapan ilmu, keahlian, pengetahuan dan keterampilan konstruksi guna mencapai tujuan keluaran proyek dan tujuan yang telah ditentukan agar diperoleh hasil yang optimal dari segi waktu, mutu, kinerja, keselamatan dan estimasi biaya proyek. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kepustakaan sebagai data sekunder dan observasi sebagai data primer dengan menganalisis manajemen konstruksi di perumahan The Icon mulai dari jadwal pelaksanaan pekerjaan, volume pekerjaan, rencana anggaran biaya, perhitungan menggunakan Kurva S dan blok kode serta perhitungan arus kas, selain itu dilakukan penyebaran survei. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa anggaran untuk menyelesaikan proyek pembangunan Perumahan The Icon sebesar Rp 1.922.627.112 sudah termasuk pembayaran pajak sebesar 10 persen. Kemudian, dibutuhkan waktu dua tahun satu bulan untuk menyelesaikan proyek konstruksi tersebut. Dalam pelaksanaan konstruksi, terdapat beberapa kendala yaitu, berkurangnya jumlah pekerja akibat terjangkit virus Covid-19 dan kenaikan harga material bangunan. Kontraktor membuat kebijakan untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut dengan mengubah jadwal bekerja, cuti dan lembur karyawan, serta menggati material bangunan dengan mengganti spek besi dan mendesign ulang. Dengan hasil penilitian ini, diharapkan dapat dijadikan sebagai acuan dalam manajemen konstruksi kondisi pandemi.
Understanding the Impact of Marketing Outcomes from the Hashtags of the Wellness Industry: Twitter Perspective
Authors: Chaudhary Prashant , Kiran Prabha , Shimpi Siddharth
Published: January 2023

The study aims to find the surge in the interest in wellness that can be measured by the strength of the sentiment and find the hashtags that are playing a major trend on Twitter with the advent of the pandemic. To provide an original contribution to this research, around a hundred core hashtags related to the wellness industry are collected by taking advantage of the Twitter API, an application that helps to mine the data of billions of users and tweets, through ―Streaming API‖. The findings highlight that few hashtags highlight positive sentiment as well as stronger negative sentiment due to various factors. The study has applications that would be useful to marketers as this research opens a new direction regarding the hashtag of the Wellness industry.
HISTORY OUTLINES: THE EDUCATION SYSTEM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNDER THE AMERICANS AND THE JAPANESE
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), PANARINA Daria S.
Published: January 2023

The paper is dedicated to the history of the education system in the Philippines during the period of American rule in the islands, and subsequently during the Japanese occupation of the Philippines during World War II. The author touches upon such aspects as the implementation by the US authorities of the education reform in the American manner (the pros and cons are considered) within the framework of the political goals of the American government; then how the educational sphere changed during the Commonwealth period, what features were inherent in it during the 4 years of the Japanese military regime. Separately, the author touches on the history of the country's main university – the University of the Philippines.
VIETNAM IN RUSSIAN AND SOVIET LITERATURE: HISTORICAL AND BIBLIOGRAPHIC REVIEW (1910s - 2010s). PART 1.
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), SOKOLOV Anatoly A.
Published: January 2023

The article chronologically analyzes the works of Russian and Soviet literature published in our country over the last century. The review includes prose, poetry and drama works that belong to different generations of domestic authors, both published in separate editions, and printed in collections, literary magazines, online publications. Separate historical periods reflecting features of the Soviet/Russian-Vietnamese relations and creative contacts between writers of two countries are allocated.
IN MEMORY OF RUSSIA’S GREAT FRIEND AND THE "FATHER OF THE NATION" OF PAPUA NEW GUINEA, MICHAEL SOMARE
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), MIKLOUHO-MACLAY Niсkolay N. , PALE Sophia E. ,   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW)
Published: January 2023

This article commemorates the anniversary of death of Michael Somare, an outstanding politician and absolute leader of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea. The life path of the politician starting from his early years is considered. Important facts from his biography that influenced his formation and popular recognition as the "Father of the Nation" are presented and analyzed.
DIGITALIZATION FORMATION OF THE INDEPENDENT STATE OF PAPUA NEW GUINEA: CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), MIKLOUHO-MACLAY Niсkolay N.
Published: January 2023

This article presents the main stages of the independent state of Papua New Guinea (PNG). It analyses the first steps in the formation of a democratic government in 1975 and subsequent political reforms, including the provincial government as a stabilization measure. The topic of crime (raskolism), the causes of corruption and intertribal conflicts that the young state faced, and the effectiveness of the fight against it are analyzed, as well as the reasons for restraining economic growth, the foreign policy of the state in the first decade of independent PNG and its relations with Australia.
SOME ASPECTS OF INDONESIA-SAUDI RELATIONS
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), KIRICHENKO Vladimir P.
Published: January 2023

The article focuses on relations between Indonesia and Saudi Arabia. The first part of the article looks at the relationship between the two countries in the area of foreign trade. Next, the author focuses on cooperation between the states in the defense sector. Also, attention is paid to interaction in the fields of education and culture. The article also mentions that Hajj is an important aspect of relations between the two countries as Saudi Arabia has a holy city of Mecca and Indonesia has the largest Muslim population in the world.