bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zehn Jahre "Beiträge zur Lehrerbildung" oder: Briefe an Bézetelle
Authors: Born Regine
Published: January 2024

Als dankbare Leserin, gelegentliche Mitautorin und als eine, die das Werden und Wachsen der "Beiträge zur Lehrerbildung" aus der Nähe (zuletzt aus der Vorstandsarbeit im "Schweizerischen Pädagogischen Verband") mitverfolgt hat, als eine durchaus nicht Objektive also, schreibe ich diesen Beitrag. Erwarten Sie daher keine kritisch distanzierte Analyse, sondern Gedanken, die beim sommerlichen Durchstöbern des ansehnlichen BzL-Stapels aufgetaucht sind. Folgen Sie meinen Worten, folgen Sie mir aber vor allem darin, die alten Hefte nochmals zur Hand zu nehmen. Sie werden - wie ich es tat - staunen: da finden Sie noch viel mehr, als Sie ohnehin erwarten und noch in Erinnerung haben!
Perspektiven der Lehrerbildung
Authors: Oelkers Jürgen
Published: January 2024

Die Bildungsreform hat nun auch die Ausbildung der Primarlehrer erreicht. Der seminaristische Weg gilt offenbar nicht mehr unangetastet als zukunftsfähig, wofür neben inneren Entwicklungen vor allem der europäische Vergleich ins Feld geführt wird. Verändert sich aber die Primarlehrerausbildung, dann gerät die gesamte bisherige Struktur der Lehrerausbildung unter Reformdruck. Der erwartbare Reformweg scheint die Akademisierung der Ausbildung auf allen Stufen zu sein. Thema des Artikels sind die Vor- und die Nachteile eines solchen Schrittes.
Die Ausbildung der Primarlehrkräfte an der Universität. Neue Perspektiven der Lehrerbildung in Genf
Authors: Perrenoud Philippe
Published: January 2024

Sechzig Jahre nach der Institutionalisierung der "Etudes pédagogiques en trois ans" leitet der Kanton Genf die nötigen Schritte ein, um die Ausbildung der Lehrerinnen und Lehrer für die Vorschule und die Primarstufe in die universitäre Fakultät der Psychologie und der Erziehungswissenschaften einzubeziehen. Seit 1933 ist Genf in der Lehrerbildung einen eigenen Weg gegangen, nachdem der Conseil d’Etat des Kantons sich für ein dreijähriges nachmaturitäres Primarlehrerstudium entschieden hatte. Neben den Etudes pédagogiques pour l'enseignement primaire ist an der Lehrerbildung auch die Universität beteiligt, vornehmlich in der Gestaltung des zweiten, theoretisch orientierten Studienjahres. Lange schon sind die zuständigen Instanzen sowie die Etudes pédagogiques und die Faculté de psychologie et des sciences de l'éducation damit beschäftigt, den Wechselbezug von Theorie und Praxis zu verbessern und desgleichen die Zusammenarbeit der Fakultät mit der Institution der Primarlehrerausbildung, deren Diplom die Wahlberechtigung als Kindergärtnerin oder Kindergärtner einschliesst. Die Ansprüche an Vorschule und Schule und damit an die Lehrerschaft sind gewachsen, und sie werden im Hinblick auf die Entwicklungen, die uns das kommende Jahrhundert bringt, noch ansteigen. Darum gilt es, die künftigen Lehrerinnen und Lehrer zu kompetenten Fachleuten des Unterrichtens und Erziehens auszubilden. Das leistet im engen Praxisbezug hinfort die Universität Genf in einem Studiengang von vier Jahren Dauer, anschliessend an die Maturität oder, gestützt auf den in Genf möglichen maturitätsfreien Universitätszugang, aufgrund einer Berufslehre und Berufspraxis. Sofern das Projekt die Zustimmung der Behörden und der Universität findet - die vorgreifenden Grundentscheide sind bereits getroffen, nachdem sich eine klare Mehrheit der betroffenen Ausbildner und der Lehrerschaft dafür ausgesprochen hat, wird Genf als erster Kanton die Ausbildung der maîtres primaires unter Einbezug der Lehrkräfte für die Vorschule integral in die Universität verlegen. Die Genfer Lehrerbildung will sich mit der Universitarisierung nicht von der Schulrealität und -praxis abheben. Im Gegenteil: Der Synergieeffekt des Theorie- und Praxiszusammenhangs soll im Ausbildungsverlauf wirksamer werden. Das Anheben der wissenschaftlichen Ansprüche an die angehenden Lehrerinnen und Lehrer der Vorschule und der Primarstufe steht diesem Ziel nicht entgegen. Inskünftig soll die Ausbildung der maîtres primaires zu einer Licence en sciences d'éducation avec mention enseignement führen und das Brevet an diesen akademischen Titel gebunden sein.
Zum Abschluss der Arbeiten am NW EDK-Vorprojekt 'Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerbildung für die Sekundarstufe'
Authors: Wirz Beat
Published: January 2024

Die 'Beiträge zur Lehrerbildung' haben 1992 (in Heft 2) das Memorandum der Pädagogischen Projektkommission der NW EDK zur Lehrerinnen- und Lehrerbildung für die Sekundarstufe I abgedruckt und eine Entgegnung darauf von Jürgen Oelkers veröffentlicht. Auf die Kritik von Jürgen Oelkers haben I993 (in Heft 1/93) Rudolf Künzli und Alberto Schneebeli repliziert. Die folgenden Ausführungen reihen sich nicht in die mit Grundsatzfragen befasste Debatte über das Memorandum ein. Sie wollen lediglich über die Folgearbeiten informieren, die es ausgelöst hat. Berichtet wird über das inzwischen abgeschlossene Vorprojekt, dessen Ergebnisse der NW EDK-Plenarkonferenz als Entscheidungsgrundlage dienen. Die Konferenz wird im kommenden August darüber befinden, ob ein gemeinsames Projekt durchgeführt oder ob darauf verzichtet werden soll.
Supervision, Teamentwicklung und Organisationsentwicklung als Mittel der Lehrerfortbildung
Authors: Fatzer Gerhard , Hinnen Peter
Published: January 2024

Wir beschreiben in einem ersten Abschnitt, was Supervision alles nicht ist. Gerade in einer Zeit, da die Schule als interessantes Beratungsfeld von Anbietern aller Art überschwemmt wird, scheint eine solche klärende Abgrenzung nötig zu sein. In einem zweiten Abschnitt beschreiben wir aufgrund des Dreiecks Individuum- Rolle-Organisation verschiedene Formen von "Supervision", die sich letztlich alle als Formen von Organisationsentwicklung (OE) verstehen lassen. In einem darauf folgenden Exkurs zeigen wir auf, wie die traditionelle Fallsupervision sich in Supervision von Fall zu Fall verwandeln kann. In einem weiteren Teil wird auf die Bedeutung der Information über Supervision in der Lehrerausbildung hingewiesen. In einem abschliessenden Teil werden Anmerkungen zu notwendigen Qualifikationen von Supervisoren, die in der Lehrerfortbildung tätig sind, gemacht.
Lesebiographien - existentielle Zugänge zum eigenen literarischen Leben
Authors: Messner Rudolf
Published: January 2024

In Literaturwissenschaft und Schule ist es seit etwa einem Jahrzehnt üblich geworden, aufmerksamer auf das zu achten, was Studierende, Schülerinnen und Schüler, zunehmend auch Menschen aus dem beruflichen oder familiären Alltag, selbst über ihr Lesen berichten. Meist bedarf es nur des Anstosses durch wirklich vorhandenes Interesse oder durch eine informell inszenierte Befragung, um reichhaltige und sichtlich gern gegebene Berichte zu erhalten, wie die in Auszügen wiedergegebenen (vgl. Schober 1988, Schön 1993, Garbe 1989).
Der Inhaber des neuen Lehrstuhls für Pädagogik an der Universität Zürich stellt sich vor
Authors: Reusser Kurt
Published: January 2024

Seit dem 1. April I993 ist unser Redaktionskollege Kurt Reusser Inhaber des neugeschaffenen Lehrstuhls für Pädagogik mit Berücksichtigung der Pädagogischen Kognitionspsychologie und der Didaktik um Pädagogischen Institut der Universität Zürich.
Pädagogik als Unterrichtsfach - einige Thesen zur Einleitung einer notwendigen Diskussion
Authors: Criblez Lucien , Hofer Christine
Published: January 2024

Am Institut für Pädagogik der Universität Bern sind zwischen Frühling und Herbst 1993 kleinere 'Prospektivstudien' zu den Fächern Pädagogik, Psychologie und Didaktik in der Lehrerbildung entstanden. Längerfristiges Ziel ist es, die Lehrerbildung und insbesondere die berufsbildenden Fächer zum Gegenstand von Forschung zu machen, präziser: den Unterricht in den Fächern Pädagogik, Psychologie und Didaktik zu evaluieren.
Didaktik der Didaktik - eine Nichtexistenz, oder?
Authors: Fuchs Michael
Published: January 2024

Die im vorhergegangenen Artikel von Jurt vorgestellte Studie über "Aktuelle Stoffinhalte und verwendete Lehrmittel in Allgemeiner Didaktik an Seminarien" wirft ein interessantes Schlaglicht auf Aspekte des Faches Allgemeine Didaktik an Schweizer Lehrerbildungsinstitutionen. Zusammengefasst lauten die Ergebnisse dieser 'Prospektivstudie' folgendermassen:  Es gibt sechs Themenbereiche, die den curricularen Kern des eben erwähnten Faches bilden: "Unterrichtsformen", "Unterrichtsplanung", "Grundformen des Lehrens", "Lernen", "Beurteilen, prüfen und bewerten von Lernprozessen" und "Soziale Komponenten von Unterricht". Zur Vorbereitung des Didaktikunterrichts benützen die entsprechenden Lehrkräfte eine Vielzahl verschiedenster Bücher und Publikationen. Einheitlichkeit ist hier kaum auszumachen. Didaktische Grundlagenbücher in die Hand der Seminaristinnen und Seminaristen werden selten abgegeben. Allfällige Literaturempfehlungen sind im wesentlichen deckungsgleich mit der Vorbereitungsliteratur der Lehrkräfte. Ausgehend von diesen Fakten stellt der nachfolgende Artikel die Frage nach dem generellen Zustand des Faches Didaktik an den Lehrerbildungsinstitutionen. Das Auseinanderklaffen von Ideal und Wirklichkeit, das in der Folge sichtbar wird, legt die Forderung nach Entwicklung einer Didaktik der Didaktik nahe.
Lehrerinnen und Lehrer für eine neue Schule
Authors: Wyss Heinz
Published: January 2024

Gesamtschweizerisch ist die Ausbildung der Lehrerinnen und Lehrer aller Stufen im Begriff sich aus überlieferten Formen herauszulösen. Die aktuelle Reformdiskussion ist weitgehend beherrscht von Fragen nach der Struktur und nach der Ansiedlung der Lehrerbildungsinstitute im Tertiärbereich. Den Bestrebungen zur äusseren Neuorganisation übergeordnet ist freilich die Frage, was und wie angehende Lehrkräfte zu lernen haben, damit sie ihren gesellschaftlichen Auftrag in einer sich wandelnden Schule auch künftig kompetent erfüllen können. Studierende des Pädagogischen Instituts Zürich (Fachbereich Pädagogische Psychologie / Didaktik: Prof. Dr. Kurt Reusser) haben im Rahmen der Lehrveranstaltungen von Heinz Wyss im Wintersemester 1993/94 ihr eigenes professionelles Rollenverständnis reflektiert und sich gefragt, welches die Grundanliegen einer erneuerten Lehrerinnen-. und Lehrerbildung sind oder sein müssten. Im Sommersemester 1994 haben sie sodann im Gespräch mit den jeweiligen Projektleitern einen Einblick erhalten in die Vorhaben zur Reform der Grundausbildung der Lehrerinnen und Lehrer, wie sie sich zur Zeit in mehreren Kantonen anbahnt.
Factor Analysis of Logistic Index Indicators
Authors: Vano Ivanishvili Vano Ivanishvili
Published: January 2024

The specialists of the World Bank evaluate the logistics industry in the countries of the world with the LPI, or the logistics performance index. It analyzes the efficiency of the process, the quality of trade and transport-related infrastructure, the ease of arranging shipments at competitive prices, as well as the quality and competence of logistics services, the ability to track and qualify cargoes, the frequency of receiving cargoes within the planned limits or estimated delivery times.
According to these components, the country's competitiveness is largely determined by the logistics system.
Logistics potential is a system of components that characterizes the capabilities of the investigated object and can be used to justify strategic directions of development.
Despite the certain subjectivity of the research, we think that by factor analysis of logistics index indicators, certain conclusions can be made and the main problems of logistics development in the country can be assessed. In the factor analysis, the method of chain insertion, deterministic functional connection (additive model) is used. Factor analysis revealed the factors that need further diagnosis in order to increase competitiveness.
Keywords: logistics, index, indicators, factors, business.
About the Main Directions of Transport Strategies of the State and Private Companies
Authors: Levan Sulaberidze Levan Sulaberidze
Published: January 2024

The article discusses the main positive and negative factors that determine the volume of the cargo base of the east-west transboundary transport corridors passing through the territory of Georgia. The emphasis is placed on the problems of the development of rail transport to the Caspian Sea and water transport along the route of the Caspian and then the Black Sea. The new evolutionary concept for attracting additional cargo on Eurasian routes is proposed. In addition, the author discusses the global maritime container services, which are represented by transnational corporations that carry out significant assets in the world market, and own fleets of container ships, containers, container terminals in ports, dry ports, and land transport systems. Cargo shipping lines and a wide clientele were established. The article notes that business concentration processes continue in the market to ensure a continuous and efficient transport and logistics process, to reduce the cost of cargo delivery, to meet better the needs of customers, and to strengthen the competitive advantages compared to other maritime and land operators, trains. The work includes the examples of the world's largest companies in the field of container shipping: Maersk Lines (Denmark), Mediterranean Shipping Company (Switzerland), and CMA CGM (France), which have created a powerful alliance called the P3 Network, which includes the creation of Joint Vessel Traffic Operations Center. The alliance aims to provide the worthy European response to China's growing influence on the global transport sector. The article mentions Georgia's interest in integration into the European transport system.
Keywords: Railway transport, transport corridors, containerization of cargo flows, transport engineering.
Globalization of Stock Markets and The Factors Affecting It
Authors: Mzevinar Nozadze Mzevinar Nozadze , Giorgi Turmanidze Giorgi Turmanidze
Published: January 2024

Stock exchanges occupy a special place among the links of the financial and credit system. Mobilization of temporarily free cash and its effective distribution is carried out on the stock exchange.
The financial market is an extremely complex and multifaceted structure, where the following participate: 1. Market infrastructure institutions; 2. Financial intermediaries; 3. Consumers of financial services.
It is important to note that trading on modern stock exchanges is mainly carried out through electronic trading terminals. However, in the world stock markets today, all the conditions exist for stock trading and stock exchange settlement to be affected by blockchain technology, and even more so than traditional currency markets.
One of the important benchmarks for investors and speculators in organized stock markets to make transactions is the stock market index. Stock market indices are directly related to share prices and are calculated based on the value of shares (in appropriate proportions) included in the base for calculating the index.
Thus, the participants of the financial market and the instruments circulating in the market, which serve its various types of operations and segments, are characterized by great diversity at the modern stage. Therefore, it is necessary to go through the listing procedures on the stock exchanges and trade in the securities of only those issuers that meet the established requirements, which include financial indicators of the issuer, level of liquidity and degree of risk.
Keywords: stock markets; globalization of exchanges; Factors affecting
Advantages and Modern Challenges of Road Transport
Authors: SHALVA URIADMKOPELI SHALVA URIADMKOPELI
Published: January 2024

In the modern world, road transport holds a special place in the development of a country's economy. The primary goal of the transport system is to effectively and promptly satisfy the needs of the national economy and population in cargo transportation. Overland transportation via roads offers numerous advantages, including lower capital requirements, door-to-door service, accessibility to remote areas, flexibility, suitability for short distances, and speedy shipment. This is why transportation volumes conducted through this mode occupy a leading position among the population.
Aside from the advantages, it is important to acknowledge the disadvantages that can pose challenges for companies engaged in the field of road transport. These challenges encompass increased fuel costs, compliance with established national and international regulations, failures in road infrastructure, traffic congestion, driver shortages etc.
Hence, it is crucial for operations in this field to anticipate the potential threats the company may encounter in the future.
Keywords: road transport, advantages, transport network, management, challenge, advantage.
Розвиток емоційного інтелекту здобувачів медичної та фармацевтичної освіти: зміст, структура, рівні розвитку
Authors: Бухальська Світлана , Куклевська Олена
Published: January 2024

У статті здійснено теоретичний аналіз дослідження проблеми розвитку емоційного інтелекту здобувачів медичної та фармацевтичної освіти. Уточнено зміст емоційного інтелекту як психологічного феномену, що виявляється в здатності розпізнавати, розуміти, аналізувати свої емоції, вміло керувати ними; сприймати, осмислювати та адекватно реагувати на емоційні процеси і стани інших людей. З огляду  емоційної компетентності обґрунтовано структурні компоненти емоційного інтелекту: мотиваційно-особистісний, когнітивно-діяльнісний, рефлексивний; відповідно до критеріїв ефективності розвитку означеної характеристики визначено рівні розвитку емоційного інтелекту: високий, середній, низький.

Закцентовано увагу на особливостях юнацького віку здобувачів медичної та фармацевтичної освіти, що виявляються в процесі розвитку емоційного інтелекту. Актуалізовано значимість виховного та психолого-педагогічного супроводу учасників освітнього процесу в успішній реалізації означеної проблеми. Наголошено на важливості формування і розвитку мотивації, цінностей і пріоритетів, емпатії, людяності, рефлексії як ключових характеристик емоційного інтелекту особистості та майбутнього фахівця галузі охорони здоров’я.
Retrospective Analysis of Lophodermium seditiosum Epidemics in Estonia
Authors: Hanso Märt , Drenkhan Rein
Published: January 2024

The needle trace method (NTM), created and developed by the Finnish forest pathologists prof. T. Kurkela, dr. R. Jalkanen and T. Aalto during the last decade of the XX century, has been already used by several researchers of different countries for retrospective analysis of needle diseases (Hypodermella sulcigena, by R. Jalkanen et al. in Finland) or herbivorous insect pests of Scots pine (Diprion pini, by T. Kurkela et al. in Finland; Bupalus piniaria, by H. Armour et al. in Scotland), but as well of pests of Sitka spruce (Gilpinia hercyniae, by D.T. Williams et al. in England). Scots pine in forest nurseries and young plantations of Estonia is often but irregularly suffering from the epidemics of the needle cast fungus Lophodermium seditiosum. Current environmental regulations exclude from the regulatory (control) measures all the others except of well-argued prophylactic systems, built up on reliable prognoses. The last is inconceivable without the availability of a reliable, as well, and longlasting retrospective time-series of L. seditiosum epidemics, which, as it is known from the last half of the XX century, are occupying large forest areas, usually not least than a half of (the small) Estonia. An appropriate time-series would be useful, as well, for the more basic understanding of the accelerated mortality processes during the stand formation in early pole-age Scots pine plantations. Methodological principles of the use of NTM in an appropriate investigation together with the preliminary results of our research work, looking back for more than a century, are introduced and discussed in this investigation.
Susceptibility of Different Clone Groups of Austrian Pine to Mycosphaerella pini E. Rostrup and Sphaeropsis sapinea Dyko & Sutton
Authors: Koltay András
Published: January 2024

Necrosis of needles and shoots caused by various damaging agents, have emerged about fifteen or twenty years ago in the Hungarian Austrian pine stands. Damages caused mainly Sphaeropsis sapinea Dyko & Sutton, Mycosphaerella pini E. Rostrup (its anamorph Dothistroma septospora /Dorog./ Morlet), and Sclerophoma pithyophila (Corda) Höhn, and Cenangium ferruginosum Fr. ex Fr. Appearance and rapid spread of the fungi may surely be attributable to the anomalies in weather conditions. Since, the prevailing conditions, according to the long term predictions, have a fair chance of becoming permanent, it seems to be rational to select resistant or less susceptible species in producing propagation material of Austrian pine in the future. This brought up the investigation on the susceptibility of those clones, which are considered as basis for the elite propagation material of Austrian pine, to individual damaging agents. The investigations were carried on clone bank of Kisunyom. The results showed the susceptibility to the damaging agents considerable differences prevailed among the clone-groups, so it has been confirmed that in the process of genetic improvement when individuals are selected for cultivation, their susceptibility to the damaging agents should also be considered.
Genetic Variation among European Lophodermium piceae Populations - Preliminary Results
Authors: Müller Michael M. , Sieber Thomas N. , Hantula Jarkko
Published: January 2024

Lophodermium piceae is a common needle endophyte of Norway spruce (Picea abies). The aim of the present study was to examine the degree of differentiation within and among European populations separated by various distances and geographical obstacles. For this purpose, populations (including > 10 isolates/subpopulation) were collected along a north-south transect stretching from the northern timberline in Finnish Lapland to the southern border of the distribution area of Norway spruce in northern Italy. Differentiation between L. piceae populations was determined from DNA sequences of three genetic markers. One of the markers was the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of the ribosomal DNA and the other two (LP1 and LP2) were based on sequence characterized amplified regions (SCAR) designed for L. piceae. Preliminary results including sequences of Finnish, Swiss and Italian isolates show low differentiation among populations. According to analysis of molecular variance the among population variation was 1%, 5% and 0% in ITS, LP1 and LP2 markers, respectively.
Alien Species in Finnish Nurseries, Phytophthora spp.
Authors: Lilja Arja , Rytkönen Anna , Parikka Päivi , Kokkola Mirkka , Hantula Jarkko
Published: January 2024

International trade has increased the risk of pest spread. The climatic change will also improve the establishment of introduced species into new geographical areas. Since the beginning of 1990's Phytophthora cactorum has caused losses in agriculture on strawberries and caused stem lesions on silver birch seedlings in forest nurseries in Finland. P. ramorum was found in Finland for the first time in spring 2004 on marketed Rhododendron spp. plants originating from other EU member states. In August 2004 the pathogen was also found in one Finnish nursery on German Rhododendron catawbiense plants and on several other Finnish Rhododendron spp. cultivars. Most common microbes isolated from the lesions on the Finnish Rhododendron leaves collected in 2005 were Pestalotiopsis sp., P. cactorum, P. inflata and P. ramorum. In pathogenicity trials P. inflata was capable to infect most host plants used in tests including Fragaria x ananassa, Betula pendula, Alnus glutinosa, A. incana, Picea abies and Vaccinium vitis-idea. P. ramorum caused also stem lesions on birch and alder, but was less pathogenic than P. inflata. Pinus sylvestris was resistant to both P. ramorum and P. inflata.
Biological Sprout Control with Chondrostereum purpureum- Preliminary Results from Field Trials in Finland
Authors: Vartiamäki Henna , Uotila Antti , Hantula Jarkko , Maijala Pekka
Published: January 2024

The aim of our ongoing project is to test the efficiency of the indigenous decay fungus, C. purpureum, as a biocontrol agent against stump sprouting in Finland. Chondrostereum purpureum was applied to freshly cut birch (Betula pendula, B. pubescens) stumps at 12 different time points during the growing season. The most effective treatment time seemed to be the early summer, at least on birch. Efficacy of C. purpureum on aspen (Populus tremula), grey alder (Alnus incana) and willows (Salix spp.) was also tested. Treatment was done in July. One year after the treatments C. purpureum seemed to have a slight reductive effect on sprouting on all these tested tree species. According to the preliminary results high enzymatic activity of the fungus and good growth ability on wood chips in laboratory did not necessarily guarantee the good ability to prevent sprouting in the field. However, there were differences in the ability of different isolates of C. purpureum to prevent sprouting and it is worth to try to find more aggressive isolates in the future for biocontrol purposes. Preliminary results showed that the use of C. purpureum is a promising method for biological sprout control in Finland.
Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikro Hidro Di Lokasi Obyek Wisata Geopark Ciletuh Sukabumi
Authors: Hartono Hartono , Candra Pertala Erik , Sudarma Ade
Published: January 2024

The Technology community service activity program that will be disseminated to the community is entitled Micro Hydro Power Plant at the Location of Ciletuh Sukabumi Geopark Tourism Objects. The location of this activity is the border of Ciwaru, Ciemas and Girimukti Villages, Ciemas District, Sukabumi Regency. The problem faced by partners as managers of Ciletuh Geopark tourism objects, especially Puncak Darma and Curug Cimarinjung, is the lack of electrical energy supply both at the location of tourist objects and in supporting facilities around the object and also the surrounding community. The method of solving the problems faced by this partner is to make a micro hydro power plant (PLTMH) installation with a gravity system and provide counseling and training. The result of this activity is that it is hoped that most of the managing community and the environment around the tourist object can get a supply of electrical energy that meets the needs of the management of tourism objects and their supporters. From the results of this activity, an electrical installation with a maximum capacity of 3000 watts was created.
Implementasi Smartquail Incubator Pada Peternakan Burung Puyuh Cv. Suga Jaya Barokah, Banyumas
Authors: Hidayanto Nur , Muis Deny Rozaqul , Hastama Firman Bayu
Published: January 2024

Wlahar Kulon Village, Patikraja District, Banyumas has a community of quail breeders (Coturnix coturnix japonica), one of which is Pak Herman. Partner problems are the microclimate of the cage which is uncomfortable, not yet equipped with precise tools and there is only one fan for the building. This condition causes low egg production and egg shell quality. The optimal environmental temperature for quail production period is 28-32°C. Temperatures that are too high cause the egg shells to be thin and easily cracked and make the quail stressed and die easily. The purpose of this PKM-PI is to increase the productivity of quail using the Smartquail Incubator tool and to apply and develop it in order to achieve economic independence for quail farmers. The method of implementing this program consists of conducting surveys and
literature studies, designing and manufacturing tools, calibrating sensors, testing tools, evaluating tools, as well as mentoring and monitoring. The results after applying the Smartquail Incubator tool to quail farmers are that the cage temperature control becomes automatic, the energy needed to manage quail is only 2 hours/day, production increases to 38.2 kg/month, mortality decreases to 3 fish/month, quail egg shell becomes thicker, and uses a hybrid electric energy source, namely a combination of PLN and solar panels. Smartquail Incubator uses a microcontroller equipped with an LCD as a means of regulating and monitoring the temperature conditions of the cage. Smartquail Incubator can be controlled with a Smartphone remotely because it already uses the Internet of Things system. The conclusion obtained is that the Smartquail Incubator is an alternative for quail breeders to increase quail productivity. The development of the Smartquail Incubator helps farmers to achieve economic independence.
Generalized Splines on Graphs with Two Labels and Polynomial Splines on Cycles
Authors: Anderson Portia , Matherne Jacob P. , Tymoczko Julianna
Published: January 2024

Generalized splines are an algebraic combinatorial framework that generalizes and unifies various established concepts across different fields, most notably the classical notion of splines and the topological notion of GKM theory. The former consists of piecewise polynomials on a combinatorial geometric object like a polytope, whose polynomial pieces agree to a specified degree of differentiability. The latter is a graph-theoretic construction of torus-equivariant cohomology that Shareshian and Wachs used to reformulate the well-known Stanley-Stembridge conjecture, a reformulation that was recently proven to hold by Brosnan and Chow and independently Guay-Paquet.

This paper focuses on the theory of generalized splines. A generalized spline on a graph $G$ with each edge labeled by an ideal in a ring $R$ consists of a vertex-labeling by elements of $R$ so that the labels on adjacent vertices $u, v$ differ by an element of the ideal associated to the edge $uv$. We study the $R$-module of generalized splines and produce minimum generating sets for several families of graphs and edge-labelings: $1)$ for all graphs when the set of possible edge-labelings consists of at most two finitely-generated ideals, and $2)$ for cycles when the set of possible edge-labelings consists of principal ideals generated by elements of the form $(ax+by)^2$ in the polynomial ring $\mathbb{C}[x,y]$. We obtain the generators using a constructive algorithm that is suitable for computer implementation and give several applications, including contextualizing several results in the theory of classical (analytic) splines.
Convexity, Squeezing, and the Elekes-Szabó Theorem
Authors: Roche-Newton Oliver , Wong Elaine
Published: January 2024

This paper explores the relationship between convexity and sum sets. In particular, we show that elementary number theoretical methods, principally the application of a squeezing principle, can be augmented with the Elekes-Szabó Theorem in order to give new information. Namely, if we let $A \subset \mathbb R$, we prove that there exist $a,a' \in A$ such that\[\left | \frac{(aA+1)^{(2)}(a'A+1)^{(2)}}{(aA+1)^{(2)}(a'A+1)} \right | \gtrsim |A|^{31/12}.\]We are also able to prove that\[\max \{|A+ A-A|, |A^2+A^2-A^2|, |A^3 + A^3 - A^3|\} \gtrsim |A|^{19/12}.\]Both of these bounds are improvements of recent results and takes advantage of computer algebra to tackle some of the computations.
On Extended Boundary Sequences of Morphic and Sturmian Words
Authors: Rigo Michel , Stipulanti Manon , Whiteland Markus
Published: January 2024

Generalizing the notion of the boundary sequence introduced by Chen and Wen, the $n$th term of the $\ell$-boundary sequence of an infinite word is the finite set of pairs $(u,v)$ of prefixes and suffixes of length $\ell$ appearing in factors $uyv$ of length $n+\ell$ ($n\ge \ell\ge 1$). Otherwise stated, for increasing values of $n$, one looks for all pairs of factors of length $\ell$ separated by $n-\ell$ symbols.

For the large class of addable abstract numeration systems $S$, we show that if an infinite word is $S$-automatic, then the same holds for its $\ell$-boundary sequence. In particular, they are both morphic (or generated by an HD0L system). To precise the limits of this result, we discuss examples of non-addable numeration systems and $S$-automatic words for which the boundary sequence is nevertheless $S$-automatic and conversely, $S$-automatic words with a boundary sequence that is not $S$-automatic. In the second part of the paper, we study the $\ell$-boundary sequence of a Sturmian word. We show that it is obtained through a sliding block code from the characteristic Sturmian word of the same slope.

We also show that it is the image under a morphism of some other characteristic Sturmian word.
Critical Groups of Arithmetical Structures on Star Graphs and Complete Graphs
Authors: Archer Kassie , Diaz-Lopez Alexander , Glass Darren Broderick , Louwsma Joel
Published: January 2024

An arithmetical structure on a finite, connected graph without loops is an assignment of positive integers to the vertices that satisfies certain conditions. Associated to each of these is a finite abelian group known as its critical group. We show how to determine the critical group of an arithmetical structure on a star graph or complete graph in terms of the entries of the arithmetical structure. We use this to investigate which finite abelian groups can occur as critical groups of arithmetical structures on these graphs.
Weighted Projections of Alternating Sign Matrices: Latin-Like Squares and the ASM Polytope
Authors: O'Brien Cian
Published: January 2024

The weighted projection of an alternating sign matrix (ASM) was introduced by Brualdi and Dahl (2018) as a step towards characterising a generalisation of Latin squares they defined using alternating sign hypermatrices. Given row-vector $z_n = (n,\dots,2,1)$, the weighted projection of an ASM $A$ is equal to $z_nA$. Brualdi and Dahl proved that the weighted projection of an $n \times n$ ASM is majorized by the vector $z_n$, and conjectured that any positive integer vector majorized by $z_n$ is the weighted projection of some ASM. The main result of this paper presents a proof of this conjecture, via monotone triangles. A relaxation of a monotone triangle, called a row-increasing triangle, is introduced. It is shown that for any row-increasing triangle $T$, there exists a monotone triangle $M$ such that each entry of $M$ occurs the same number of times as in $T$. A construction is also outlined for an ASM with given weighted projection. The relationship of the main result to existing results concerning the ASM polytope $ASM_n$ is examined, and a characterisation is given for the relationship between elements of $ASM_n$ corresponding to the same point in the regular $n$-permutohedron. Finally, the limitations of the main result for characterising alternating sign hypermatrix Latin-like squares are considered.
Hurwitz Orbits on Reflection Factorizations of Parabolic Quasi-Coxeter Elements
Authors: Douvropoulos Theo , Lewis Joel Brewster
Published: January 2024

We prove that two reflection factorizations of a parabolic quasi-Coxeter element in a finite Coxeter group belong to the same Hurwitz orbit if and only if they generate the same subgroup and have the same multiset of conjugacy classes. As a lemma, we classify the finite Coxeter groups for which every reflection generating set that is minimal under inclusion is also of minimum size.
Power of $k$ Choices in the Semi-Random Graph Process
Authors: Prałat Paweł , Singh Harjas
Published: January 2024

The semi-random graph process is a single player game in which the player is initially presented an empty graph on $n$ vertices. In each round, a vertex $u$ is presented to the player independently and uniformly at random. The player then adaptively selects a vertex $v$, and adds the edge $uv$ to the graph. For a fixed monotone graph property, the objective of the player is to force the graph to satisfy this property with high probability in as few rounds as possible.

In this paper, we introduce a natural generalization of this game in which $k$ random vertices $u_1, \ldots, u_k$ are presented to the player in each round. She needs to select one of the presented vertices and connect to any vertex she wants. We focus on the following three monotone properties: minimum degree at least $\ell$, the existence of a perfect matching, and the existence of a Hamiltonian cycle.
Spanning Tree Bounds for Grid Graphs
Authors: Tapp Kristopher
Published: January 2024

Among subgraphs with a fixed number of vertices of the regular square lattice, we prove inequalities that essentially say that those with smaller boundaries have larger numbers of spanning trees and vice-versa. As an application, we relate two commonly used measurements of the compactness of district maps.
Matroid Lifts and Representability
Authors: Bernstein Daniel Irving , Walsh Zach
Published: January 2024

A 1965 result of Crapo shows that every elementary lift of a matroid $M$ can be constructed from a linear class of circuits of $M$.  In a recent paper, Walsh generalized this construction by defining a rank-$k$ lift of a matroid $M$ given a rank-$k$ matroid $N$ on the set of circuits of $M$, and conjectured that all matroid lifts can be obtained in this way. In this sequel paper we simplify Walsh's construction and show that this conjecture is true for representable matroids but is false in general. This gives a new way to certify that a particular matroid is non-representable, which we use to construct new classes of non-representable matroids.

 Walsh also applied the new matroid lift construction to gain graphs over the additive group of a non-prime finite field, generalizing a construction of Zaslavsky for these special groups. He conjectured that this construction is possible on three or more vertices only for the additive group of a non-prime finite field. We show that this conjecture holds for four or more vertices, but fails for exactly three.
On Some Extremal and Probabilistic Questions for Tree Posets
Authors: Patkós Balázs , Treglown Andrew
Published: January 2024

Given two posets $P,Q$ we say that $Q$ is $P$-free if $Q$ does not contain a copy of $P$. The size of the largest $P$-free family in $2^{[n]}$, denoted by $La(n,P)$, has been extensively studied since the 1980s. We consider several related problems. For posets $P$ whose Hasse diagrams are trees and have radius at most $2$, we prove that there are $2^{(1+o(1))La(n,P)}$ $P$-free families in $2^{[n]}$, thereby confirming a conjecture of Gerbner, Nagy, Patkós and Vizer [Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, 2021] in this case. For such $P$ we also resolve the random version of the $P$-free problem, thus generalising the random version of Sperner's theorem due to Balogh, Mycroft and Treglown [Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series A, 2014], andCollares Neto and Morris [Random Structures and Algorithms, 2016]. Additionally, we make a general conjecture that, roughly speaking, asserts that subfamilies of $2^{[n]}$ of size sufficiently above $La(n,P)$ robustly contain $P$, for any poset $P$ whose Hasse diagram is a tree.
The Effect of Yoga Exercises on the Uterine Involution Process in Postpartum Mothers in the Working Area of Wanayasa Health Center, Purwakarta Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Hermina Ine
Published: January 2024

Uterine involution is the process of the uterus returning to its pre-pregnancy size and weight. This process is influenced by several factors, one of which is physical activity. Yoga exercise is one of the physical activities that postpartum mothers can do. This study aims to determine the effect of yoga exercises on the uterine involution process in postpartum mothers in the work area of the Wanayasa Health Center, Purwakarta Regency, Indonesia. This research uses quantitative methods with a quasi-experimental research design. The research sample was 60 postpartum mothers who were divided into two groups, namely the intervention group (30 people) and the control group (30 people). The intervention group was given yoga exercises for 1 week, while the control group was given no intervention. The results showed that there were significant differences between the intervention group and the control group in the uterine involution process. The average decrease in uterine fundal height (TFU) in the intervention group was 0.27 cm/day, while in the control group, it was 0.67 cm/day. This shows that yoga exercise can speed up the process of uterine involution in postpartum mothers.
The Effectiveness of Role Play on Knowledge and Skills of Spinal Injury Indications Evacuation Improvement
Authors: Saputro Mahmud Gunggung , Sudiro Sudiro , Mahardini Fina , Shobirun Shobirun
Published: January 2024

Background: Spinal injuries are paralysis-causing injuries caused by trauma or disease processes. Members of the Youth Red Cross still have limited knowledge and abilities when it comes to evacuating signs of spinal cord injury. When it comes to performing first aid, knowledge and abilities are crucial. The role-playing approach is one of the methods used to improve knowledge and abilities. The research aimed to find out the effectiveness of role plays in developing knowledge and evacuation skills of spinal cord injury signs in SMAN 1 Ngemplak Youth Red Cross members.
Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design with a control group and a pretest-posttest design. Purposive sampling was employed using a sample of 40 respondents who were divided into two groups: 20 respondents in the control group and 20 respondents in the intervention group. A questionnaire and an observation sheet were utilized as part of the research instrument. On the knowledge variable, the independent t-test was utilized, and on the skill variable, the Mann-Whitney test was used.
Results: Between the control and intervention groups, there were substantial differences in knowledge and skill factors. This is demonstrated by a significance value of 0.01 in the knowledge variable and a significance value of 0.023 in the skills variable.
Conclusion: For Youth Red Cross SMAN 1 members, role play was effective in developing knowledge and skills of the evacuation of spinal cord injury indicators.
ظــاهــرة الـتصـادم الاجتـمـاعـي والثـقـافي بــين الـسـائحين والمـجـتمـع
Authors: الـشـاعـث أ. فـاطـمة إبـراهـيـم
Published: January 2024

تناولت الدراسة موضوعًا مهمًا في علم السياحة الحديثة، وهو ظاهرة التصادم الإجتماعي والثقافي بين السائحين والمجتمع، ويرجع ذلك إلى اختلاف الثقافات؛ لذا فإن تصرفات السواح وأنشطتهم لا تحظى بالمقبولية الإجتماعية للسكان غالبًا، واعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي في الطرح.

وتقوم الدراسة بتوضيح الأثر الاجتماعي والثقافي للسياحة والعوامل المؤثرة عليه وسرد النواحي الإيجابية والسلبية له، مع توضيح دور الثقافة لاحتواء التصادم والحد منه. وتتطرق الدراسة لبعض المظاهر السلبية للمجتمع اتجاه السواح "ردود الأفعال"، ثم شعور السكان اتجاههم وصولاً إلى التصادم معهم والعلاقات التي تنشأ بينهما، ثم طرح جزئية التصادم (أشكاله – مسبباته – حقيقته)، مع دراسة دور سياسة التوعية الاجتماعية والجهود الدولية المبذولة لإزالة التصادمات وإرساء سُبل التفاهم بين الضيف والمُضيف، ونستنتج أنّ التصادم هو نتاج التباين في المستويات الثقافية والحضارية، ولكن أحيانًا يكون السبب اقتصادي ثم يتحول إلى تصادم اجتماعي لاحقًا.

ونخلص بالقول إنه يمكن للسياحة والقائمين عليها عند إزالتهم لهذه الإشكاليات أن يرتقوا بالعملية السياحية على نحو يتسم بالإثراء والإختلاف الفريد.
التَّكْرار في مُنْصِفة خِداش بن زهير العامريّ،دراسة بلاغيّة أسلوبيّة
Authors: غِرِّيدة أ/حسن محمد  حسن , عمر أ. عثمان سعد علي
Published: January 2024

يتناول البحث "التَّكْرار في مُنْصِفةِ خِداش بن زهير العامري"، حيث بدأ الباحثان بالتعريف في الجزء النظري بمصطلحات الدراسة وصاحب القصيدة "المنصفة"،ثم أردفاه  بالجزء التطبيقي الذي تناولا فيه ظواهر التَّكْرار على صعيد البناء الفنيّ   والأغراض ،ثم على صعيد البناء اللُّغوي متمثلاً في الحروف الهجائية والألفاظ  والتراكيب والجمل والأساليب ، مُحاوِلَين استجلاء و كشف دلالاتها البلاغيّة والأسلوبيّة في بيان المعاني وتأكيدها وتقريرها في أذهان المتلقين.
Identification of the Effective Radiative Properties of Cylindrical Packed Bed Porous Media
Authors: Bouraoui Chaima , Nejma Fayçal Ben
Published: January 2024

Understanding radiative exchange in a porous medium is a crucial step that can provide significant insights and improvements in its characteristics, enhancing its practical utility across various industrial applications. In this paper, a numerical model, utilizing the finite element method (FEM), was developed to predict the radiative transfer between a diffusely/specularly reflecting cylindrical packed bed porous medium and a plane heating surface. Four different structures of the medium were suggested to examine the effect of the particles ‘disposition on the radiative properties of the medium. The assessment of normalized flux distribution enables the computation of effective radiative properties including reflectivity, transmissivity, and absorptivity for particles exhibiting diffuse and specular reflection. The results underscore the significant influence of particle arrangement on media properties. The structure of the second model allowed for the attainment of an opaque surface from the first layer. Meaningful correlations can be established from the presented curves, offering a streamlined and accurate method for determining effective radiative property coefficients based on emissivity in future model applications.
Conformable Triple Sumudu Transform with Applications
Authors: Gharib Gharib M. , Alsauodi Maha S. , Abu-Seileek Mohamad
Published: January 2024

One of the important topics in applied mathematics is the topic of integral transformations, due to their importance in electrical engineering applications, including communications in particular, and other sciences. In this work, one of the most important transformations in its three dimensions was presented, which is the triple Sumudu transform, including solving some real-life applications of physics, some of which have not been solved using such an integral transform before. In this work, we extend the Sumudu transform formula to the conformable fractional order, as well as other interesting and significant rules. The general analytical solution of a singular and nonlinear conformable fractional differential equation based on the conformable fractional Sumudu transform is also presented in this paper. The general solutions of several linear and nonhomogeneous conformable fractional differential equations can be obtained using the method we’ve proposed. As a result, our results reveal that our proposed method is an efficient one that can be used for solving all conformable fractional differential equations. The relationship between the Sumudu integral transform and other important and recently proposed integral transforms are also discussed. Finally, the triple Sumudu transform is used to solve boundary value problems, such as the heat equation with boundary values. The triple Sumudu integral transform is also used to solve linear partial integro-differential equations. The transform capability to handle such equations has been proven via its utilization in three applications.