bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Global Connections: Telemedicine as a Tool to extend Trauma Education
Authors: Namias Nicholas , Marttos Antonio C , Kuchkarian Fernanda M , Rojas Daniel F , Collet-Silva Francisco S , Costa Cleinaldo de Almeida , Garcia George D , Schulman Carl I
Published: June 2013

Introduction

Telemedicine is revolutionizing the delivery of trauma care and education. The International Trauma Tele- Grand Rounds is a series that unites institutions worldwide to discuss complex clinical cases and advanced trauma and critical care topics.

Materials and methods

Multiple remote institutions connect simultaneously to discuss the management of a trauma patient from the prehospital phase to discharge. Weekly, a case is presented in English by one institution on a rotating basis. Key points include mechanism of injury, resuscitation, laboratory and imaging diagnostics, surgical interventions, postoperative patient care, evaluation of treatment decisions and review of the literature. The highly interactive format allows participants to evaluate differences in trauma care across international health systems.

Results

During 2010 to 2011, 68 sessions were documented. Cases include blunt (42.6%), penetrating (48.5%), blast (7.4%) and crushing (1.5%) traumas. Gunshot wounds were the most frequent (25%). A holistic range of injuries were represented including injuries to major arteries, veins, lungs, heart, pericardium, esophagus, diaphragm, abdominal wall, stomach, intestines, liver, kidneys, pelvis, and the extremities. A variety of surgical and nonsurgical interventions were explored. To date, there have been 42 participating institutions from the United States, Brazil, Colombia, Bahamas, Canada, Mexico, Venezuela, Argentina, Panama, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, British Virgin Islands, Spain, Thailand, Turkey and Iraq; ranging from academic medical centers military hospitals, community hospitals, and rural hospitals. In 2011, the series received accreditation by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education.

Conclusion

Telemedicine offers a solution to address the disparities in access to trauma care and education. The diversity of institutional settings allows participants to learn from others on how to best treat trauma patients, despite differences in resources and expertise. In addition to serving as an educational tool, the series provides a mechanism for physicians to network and collaborate on future endeavors.

How to cite this article

Marttos AC, Kuchkarian FM, Rojas DF, Fraga GP, Collet-Silva FS, de Almeida Costa C, Garcia GD, Ginzburg E, Schulman CI, Namias N. Global Connections: Telemedicine as a Tool to extend Trauma Education. Panam J Trauma Critical Care Emerg Surg 2013;2(1):62-66.
Trauma of the Ascending Aorta by Barbed Wire: A Rare Mechanism
Authors: Basso Luciano Silveira , Fontana Rafael , Finger Guilherme , Júnior José Abruzzi , Cimarosti Maicon Joel
Published: June 2013

We report a case of ascending aortic trauma, in a 60 years old patient by barbed wire. Primary exam revealed Beck's triad, generating the hypothesis of a cardiac tamponade, which was confirmed with FAST. It was quickly performed a laparotomy in order to discard abdominal injuries, including pericardical window, followed by sternotomy which confirmed the laceration of ascending aorta. Primary suture of the lesion was performed and the patient evolved well postoperatively. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of penetrating trauma to the ascending aorta by barbed wire.

How to cite this article

Basso LS, Fontana R, Finger G, Abruzzi J Jr, Cimarosti MJ. Trauma of the Ascending Aorta by Barbed Wire: A Rare Mechanism. Panam J Trauma Critical Care Emerg Surg 2013;2(1):67-68.
Validation of the Meteosat storm detection and nowcasting system Cb-TRAM with lightning network data – Europe and South Africa
Authors: Zinner T. , Forster C. , de Coning E. , Betz H.-D.
Published: June 2013

Abstract. In this paper, recent changes to the Meteosat thunderstorm TRacking And Monitoring algorithm (Cb-TRAM) are presented as well as a validation of Cb-TRAM against data from the European ground-based LIghtning NETwork (LINET) of Nowcast GmbH and the South African Weather Service Lightning Detection Network (SAWS LDN). Validation is conducted along the well-known skill measures probability of detection (POD) and false alarm ratio (FAR) on the basis of Meteosat/SEVIRI pixels as well as on the basis of thunderstorm objects. The values obtained demonstrate specific limitations of Cb-TRAM, as well as limitations of satellite methods in general which are based on thermal emission and solar reflectivity information from thunderstorm cloud tops. Although the climatic conditions and the occurrence of thunderstorms are quite different for Europe and South Africa, quality score values are similar. Our conclusion is that Cb-TRAM provides robust results of well-defined quality for very different climatic regimes. The POD for a thunderstorm with intense lightning is about 80% during the day. The FAR for a Cb-TRAM detection which is not even close to intense lightning is about 50%. If only proximity to any lightning activity is required, FAR is much lower at about 15%. Pixel-based analysis shows that detected thunderstorm object size is not indiscriminately large, but well within physical limitations of the satellite method. Night-time POD and FAR are somewhat worse as the detection scheme does not use the high-resolution visible information during night-time hours. Nowcasting scores show useful values up to approximately 30 min in advance.
Technical note: mesocosm approach to quantification of carbon dioxide fluxes across the vadose zone
Authors: Thaysen E. M. , Jessen S. , Ambus P. , Beier C. , Postma D. , Jakobsen I.
Published: June 2013

Abstract. Carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes in the vadose zone are influenced by a complex interplay of biological, chemical and physical factors. A soil mesocosm system was designed to assess the effect of agricultural practices on carbon fluxes within and out of the vadose zone at controlled environmental conditions. Carbon dioxide partial pressure (pCO2), alkalinity, soil moisture and temperature were measured with depth and time, and DIC in the percolate was quantified using a sodium hydroxide trap. Results showed good reproducibility between two replicate mesocosms. The pCO2 varied between 0.2–1.1% and alkalinity was 0.1–0.6 meq L−1. The measured effluent DIC flux was 185–196 mg L−1 m−2 and in the same range as estimates derived from pCO2 and alkalinity in samples extracted from the side of the mesocosm column, and the water flux. The relatively small variation provides confidence that the mesocosm system is a promising tool for studying a~range of processes in unsaturated environments. Meanwhile, high suction at the mesocosm bottom applied to reduce water ponding during intensive irrigation caused degassing of dissolved CO2 from the water phase just below the outlet, leading to diffusion of dissolved CO2 across the lower boundary. Though not influencing DIC flux measurements to the groundwater, this lead to a lowering of the pCO2 in the stagnant water at the mesocosm bottom. A free-drainage boundary is suggested in order to avoid this effect.
The photobleaching as a factor controlling spectral characteristics of chromophoric dissolved organic matter in open ocean
Authors: Yamashita Y. , Nosaka Y. , Suzuki K. , Ogawa H. , Takahashi K. , Saito H.
Published: June 2013

Abstract. Chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) ubiquitously occurs in marine environments and plays a significant role in the marine biogeochemical cycles. Basin scale distributions of CDOM have recently been surveyed in the global ocean and indicate that quantity and quality of oceanic CDOM are mainly controlled by in situ production and photo-degradation. However, factors controlling the spectral parameters of CDOM at UV region, i.e., spectral slope of CDOM determined at 275–295 nm (S275–295) and the ratio of two spectral slope parameters (SR; the ratio of S275–295 to S350–400), have not been well documented. To evaluate the factor controlling the spectral characteristics of CDOM at UV region in open ocean, we determined the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of CDOM in the subarctic and subtropical surface waters (5–300 m) of the western North Pacific. Absorption coefficients at 320 nm in the subarctic region were significantly higher than those in the subtropical region throughout surface waters, suggesting that magnitudes of photobleaching were different between the two regions. The values of S275–295 and SR were also significantly higher in the subtropical region than the subarctic region. The dark microbial incubation showed biodegradation of DOM little affected S275–295, but slightly decreased SR. On the other hand, increases and unchanging were observed for S275–295 and SR during photo-irradiation incubations respectively. These experimental results indicated that photobleaching of CDOM mainly induced qualitative differences in CDOM at UV region between the subarctic and subtropical surface waters. The results of this study imply that S275–295 can be used as a tracer of photochemical history of CDOM in open ocean.
Do probabilistic forecasts lead to better decisions?
Authors: Ramos M. H. , van Andel S. J. , Pappenberger F.
Published: June 2013

Abstract. The last decade has seen growing research in producing probabilistic hydro-meteorological forecasts and increasing their reliability. This followed the promise that, supplied with information about uncertainty, people would take better risk-based decisions. In recent years, therefore, research and operational developments have also started focusing attention on ways of communicating the probabilistic forecasts to decision-makers. Communicating probabilistic forecasts includes preparing tools and products for visualisation, but also requires understanding how decision-makers perceive and use uncertainty information in real time. At the EGU General Assembly 2012, we conducted a laboratory-style experiment in which several cases of flood forecasts and a choice of actions to take were presented as part of a game to participants, who acted as decision-makers. Answers were collected and analysed. In this paper, we present the results of this exercise and discuss if we indeed make better decisions on the basis of probabilistic forecasts.
A combined approach of remote sensing and airborne electromagnetics to determine the volume of polynya sea ice in the Laptev Sea
Authors: Rabenstein L. , Krumpen T. , Hendricks S. , Koeberle C. , Haas C. , Hoelemann J. A.
Published: June 2013

Abstract. A combined interpretation of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellite images and helicopter electromagnetic (HEM) sea-ice thickness data has provided an estimate of sea-ice volume formed in Laptev Sea polynyas during the winter of 2007/08. The evolution of the surveyed sea-ice areas, which were formed between late December 2007 and middle April 2008, was tracked using a series of SAR images with a sampling interval of 2–3 days. Approximately 160 km of HEM data recorded in April 2008 provided sea-ice thicknesses along profiles that transected sea ice varying in age from 1 to 116 days. For the volume estimates, thickness information along the HEM profiles was extrapolated to zones of the same age. The error of areal mean thickness information was estimated to be between 0.2 m for younger ice and up to 1.55 m for older ice, with the primary error source being the spatially limited HEM coverage. Our results have demonstrated that the modal thicknesses and mean thicknesses of level ice correlated with the sea-ice age, but that varying dynamic and thermodynamic sea-ice growth conditions resulted in a rather heterogeneous sea-ice thickness distribution on scales of tens of kilometers. Taking all uncertainties into account, total sea-ice area and volume produced within the entire surveyed area were 52 650 km2 and 93.6 ± 26.6 km3. The surveyed polynya contributed 2.0 ± 0.5% of the sea-ice produced throughout the Arctic during the 2007/08 winter. The SAR-HEM volume estimate compares well with the 112 km3 ice production calculated with a~high-resolution ocean sea-ice model. Measured modal and mean-level ice thicknesses correlate with calculated freezing-degree-day thicknesses with a factor of 0.87–0.89, which was too low to justify the assumption of homogeneous thermodynamic growth conditions in the area, or indicates a strong dynamic thickening of level ice by rafting of even thicker ice.
Tourism Resource Development and Long-Term Economic Growth: A Resource Curse Hypothesis Approach
Authors: Deng Taotao , Ma Mulan , Cao Jianhua
Published: June 2013

The paper proposes a resource curse hypothesis approach to analyse the instability of tourism-led growth. Using panel data on China's 30 provinces over the period 1987–2010, this study examines the direct and indirect effects of tourism on long-term economic growth. Four transmission channels widely held in the resource curse hypothesis are applied in the tourism industry: Dutch disease effect, crowding-out effect, deterioration of institutional quality and volatility of resource trade. The empirical results show that even in the non-tourism-dependent economies there is a possibility that the tourism resource curse will occur in the long term. Tourism resource development tends to reduce economic growth, mainly through crowding out human capital. A tourism boom seems to have a crowding-out effect on industrial production; however, the effect is small and insignificant in the large non-tourism-dependent economies. The physical investment channel is identified as the most important positive transmission channel through which tourism activity exerts more influence on growth.
Postcards from Europe: Dubravka Ugrešić as a Transnational Public Intellectual, or Life Writing in Fragments
Authors: Karpinski Eva C.
Published: June 2013

The article explores Dubravka Ugrešić's ongoing project of interrogating and challenging different constructions of Europe from the perspective of “minor transnationalism”, focusing on the relationship between European minority cultures and the West. She has developed a hybrid form of political life writing that I call the autobiographical fragment, which mixes autobiography, personal essay, cultural criticism, travel writing, autoethnography, epistolarity, and diary. I argue that the autobiographical fragment is uniquely suited to address the discontinuities and ruptures of history, experience, and memory that have accompaniedEurope’s post-communist transformations. In the texts that I examine, including "Have a Nice Day: From the Balkan War to the American Dream", "The Culture of Lies", "Thank You For Not Reading", and "Nobody’s Home", she confronts the trauma of ethnic and gendered violence and integrates the personal and the “global”, linking the former Yugoslavia, present-day Croatia, the European Union, the United States, and the globalized cultural marketplace.
Pollen production and characteristics of pollen grains in two species of Camassia Lindl. (Hyacinthaceae)
Authors: Żuraw Beata
Published: June 2013

In the years 1999-2001 the study was carried out in the area of UMCS Botanical Garden in Lublin. Plants of Camassia cusickii S.Wats. and Camassia leichtlinii (Bak.) S.Wats. bloomed in May. During a day peak, of flowering occurred at 17.00 h. All anthers shed pollen simultaneously, just after tepals were expanded. Ten flowers produce 10.6-12.8 mg of pollen. The pollen viability ranged from 58 to 92%. The length of longitudinal equatorial axis (E) in Camassia Lindl. pollen grains reached 57,7 µm.
Ecology of flowers and morphology of pollen grains of selected Narcissus varieties (Narcissus pseudonarcissus x Narcissus poëticus)
Authors: Chwil Mirosława
Published: June 2013

The investigations carried out in the years 2004-2005 covered five varieties of Narcissus (Narcissus pseudonarcissus L. x Narcissus poëticus L.): 'Fire Bird', 'Hardy', 'Ivory Yellow', 'Pomona' and 'The Sun'. Longevity of a flower and the flowering period of the studied Narcissus varieties determined, flower elements were compared, as well as the anatomic structure of ovary and nectary and the morphology of pollen grains. Pollen grains of 'Hardy' and 'The Sun' var. were observed in a scanning electron microscope. The flowering period of 'The Sun' plants appeared to be the longest, while the shortest in the case of 'Fire Bird' and 'Ivory Yellow'. Each perianth of the studied taxons was characterized by a different corolla appendage, from slightly corrugated ('Pomona') to greatly curled, with the notches getting inside and giving impression of a few whort in this part of the perianth ('Ivory Yellow', 'Hardy'). Monosulcate pollen grains with regards to 9 size was numbered among medium ('Pomona', 'The Sun') and large ('Fire Bird', 'Hardy', 'Ivory Yellow'). Their shape was assumed as circular elongated (prolato-spheroides) in polar view and flattened (oblatum) and slightly flat (suboboblatum) in equatorial view. The highest pollen vitality was shown by 'Hardy' variety (92%), whereas for 'The Sun' it proved to be the lowest (22%). In the narcissus flowers, septal nectaries are situated in the upper part of the ovary.
Pollination in the Antarctic flowering plant Colobanthus quitensis (Kunth) Bartl.
Authors: Giełwanowska Irena , Szczuka Ewa , Bochenek Anna
Published: June 2013

Colobanthus quitensis forms chasmogamic and cleistogamic flowers. Their structure signals the possibility of both cross-pollination and self-pollination. In favorable conditions (natural or laboratory), flowers open creating a possibility for cross-pollination. The occurrence of cleistogamy in the investigated species may be conditioned by abiotic factors: low temperature, high air humidity, and strong wind. In closed flowers, a part of pollen grains reaches the stigma surface, and the rest remains inside the microsporangium. Pollen grains germinate on the stigma surface or inside the microsporangium. Often, two or more pollen tubes grow from a single pollen grain. Closed flowers and the direct contact between the style stigma and anther prove the preference for autogamy. Autogamy ensures the reproductive success of the investigated plant in the exceptionally harsh Antarctic environment.
Blooming biology and pollen abundance of Anemone japonica Houtt.= Anemone x hybrida hort
Authors: Denisow Bożena , Bożek Małgorzata
Published: June 2013

The studies were carried out between 2002 and 2003 and in 2005 in the Botanical Garden in Lublin. The blooming and the pollen flow of Anemone japonica Houtt. (=A. x hybrida hort) were observed. The blooming of the perennial took place in the middle and end of summer. The number of flowers per inflorescence and the mass of pollen produced in anthers significantly depended on insolation conditions and were greater on sunny plots. Anemone japonica is characterized by the variability of many features which directly influence the amount of delivered pollen. The number of stamens varied from 175 to 507 per flower, the mass of pollen from 1.1mg to 4.9 mg per 100 anthers, the number of flowers from 25 to 118 per one inflorescence and from 355⋅m-2 to 2202⋅m-2. Therefore the pollen efficiency varied widely from 1.3g⋅m-2 to 27.7g⋅m-2 and reached 15.3 g ⋅ m-2 on average.
Blooming biology and sugar efficiency of two cultivars of Lonicera kamtschatica (Sevast.) Pojark.
Authors: Bożek Małgorzata , Wieniarska Justyna
Published: June 2013

The studies on the period and abundance of blooming, flower development, as well as nectar productivity of two cultivars of Lonicera kamtschatica (Sevast.) Pojark. were carried out in 2004-2005 in Lublin. The investigated plants bloomed between the third decade of April and the middle of May. The life span of protogynous flowers was about 4-5 days. The mean amount of sugars secreted by 10 flowers of the examined cultivars ranged from 17.77 mg to 28.31 mg. The sugars yield amounted to from 44.08 to 67.81 kg.ha-1. Flowers of the investigated plants were a good nectar source for honeybees and bumblebees.
Flowering biology, nectar production and insect visits in Cucurbita pepo L. flowers
Authors: Dmitruk Marta
Published: June 2013

In 1998-2000 studies on length and abundance of flowering and on nectar productivity of zucchini and marrow (Cucurbita pepo L.) were carried out in Lublin area. Flowers visitors were also monitored. Flowering of plants lasted from the end of June till the end of September. The mean number of flowers per plant of zucchini reached: 31 (male flowers) and 26 (female flowers), and for marrow 226 and 22, respectively. Flowers lived, on average, for 5 hours. Female flowers of marrow secreted the highest amount of nectar - 1.354 g per 10 flowers, on average. Sugar content in nectar was 21.84%-27.31%. The mean total amount of sugars secreted by 10 flowers of Cucurbita pepo L. was 21.5-304.3 mg. Pollinators were mainly bumblebees and honey bees.
The impact of habitat conditions on blooming of Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench
Authors: Sawilska Anna K.
Published: June 2013

Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench is a perennial belonging to the Asteraceae family. It is used as a herb material. The species is under partial protection. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of the community type and weather conditions on blooming of everlasting. Growth and development dynamics vs. habitat factors were analyzed in detail. The results of this study indicate that blooming process of everlasting populations remains under influence of habitat factors, which is evidenced by a decrease of potential fertility paralleled by an increase of number of taxa found in phytocoenosis. Blooming process is also modified by weather conditions: the potential fertility index is significantly correlated with precipitation.
Research on an antioxidant capacity of honeys
Authors: Hołderna-Kędzia Elżbieta , Kędzia Bogdan
Published: June 2013

Human organism is exposed to harmful action of free radicals which are produced as well endogenically as egzogenically. The oxidation activity of free radicals can lead to the conversion of systemic biomolecules. As a consequence, there is a threat of, many severe diseases. Antioxidative agents which occur in natural products (also in honey) raise a possibility of protection against the harmful action of above mentioned radicals. Polyphenolic compounds - flavonoids, phenolic acids and ascorbic acid - are the most important antioxidative agents. The research of many authors proves that honey, given orally, shows an antioxidative activity. The level of antioxidative agents in serum after the consumption of honey is high and surpasses the antioxidative activity of tea. Dark honeys (honeydew and heather) have considerably higher antioxidative activity in comparison to light ones (acacia, lime, polyfloral).
How much is a bee worth? Economic aspects of pollination of selected crops in Poland
Authors: Zych Marcin , Jakubiec Andrzej
Published: June 2013

Scientific studies state that a considerable part of the economic value of crop plant production should be attributed to the free services of pollinating insects. Such calculations are available for several EU and North American countries, and the present paper evaluates the value of pollination services to 19 important Polish crop plants. It is estimated that the market value of 19 entomogamous crops reaches the sum of approx. 7.5 billion PLN (thousand million) (approx. 1.8 billion EUR), 39% of this may be attributed to the insect activities, the most important being bees (the service value of approx. 2.5 billion PLN/0.6 billion EUR) and dipterans (almost 0.3 billion PLN/ 74 billion EUR). The paper discusses also the challenges and pitfalls of similar estimations and the need for conservation actions directed on crop plant pollinators.
Flowering phenology of selected wind pollinated allergenic deciduous tree species
Authors: Kluza-Wieloch Magdalena , Szewczak Joanna
Published: June 2013

Systematic phenological observations have been carried out in the Dendrological Garden of August Cieszkowski Agricultural University, Park Sołacki, Lasek Golęciński, Przybyszewskiego Street, for two years (2003, 2004). The selected species of deciduous trees, as Betula pendula, Corylus avellana, Platanus x hispanica. There was interdependence between the course of flowering process and weather conditions. Long and frosty winter at the turn of 2002/2003 and subzero mean temperatures in the first quarter of 2003 delayed vegetation. Rapid coming of early spring in the year 2004 accelerate the development of generative organs. Each year spring ground frost during flowering did not inhibit this process. All the investigated tree species are anemophilous and produce large amounts of allergenic pollen grain. They cause allergic reactions throughout the whole period of pollen discharge. Male inflorescences in Corylus avellana, blooming very early, are one of the first plants causing allergic reactions. Betula pendula is the next to bloom, followed by Platanus x hispanica. Observations of phenological phases may provide useful information forecasting the beginning of the period of increased pollen concentration in air.
Changes in the concentration of grass pollen in the atmosphere of Poznań
Authors: Golińska Barbara
Published: June 2013

The aim of the study was to determine the concentrations of grass pollen during the vegetation season in the atmosphere of Poznań against the background of the content of pollen of other plants and mould fungi. Observations were conducted in 1997. Concentrations of pollen grains and spores of mould fungi in the atmosphere were assessed by the volumetric method. For this purpose, the Burkard apparatus (Seven-Day Recording Volumetric Spore Trap) was set up on the roof of the 8-storey high building of the Maximum College of the Agricultural University in Poznań. The continuous, 24-hour work of the apparatus made possible to monitor concentrations of allergenic pollen throughout the experiment. The tape was glued to a microscopic glass and evaluated under the light microscope. The number of pollen grains and mould spores on individual sections (2 mm per hour) of the tape allowed determining their concentration per 1 m3 of air. Microscopic evaluation was conducted every 24 hours, collecting analytical material from the trap at 10 a.m. in which pollen and spores were determined. From among many wind pollinated taksons of plants, species from the grass family - because of their long period of pollination and clinical significance - play an important role in the structure of allergenic pollen in the atmosphere of Poznań. The highest concentration of grass pollen was recorded during the period from the end of May to the end of the first decade of July. From then on, the concentration of grass pollen in the air dropped rapidly and remained on a low level, not exceeding 7.5 pollen grains calculated per 1 m3 air per 24 hours. The higher concentration of grass pollen was recorded on June 29th - 360.4 grains · m-3. In terms of 24-hour period, the highest concentrations of the pollen grains in the air on a day without rain occurred between 9 and 11 a.m., whereas the lowest - at night.
Birch pollen grains in the air of Szczecin in 2000-2004
Authors: Puc Małgorzata
Published: June 2013

Betula pollen is a common cause of pollinosis in northern and central Europe. The aim of the study was to characterize the birch pollen seasons in Szczecin in 2000 - 2004 and diurnal periodicity of pollen in the air. Measurements were performed using the volumetric method. The analysed meteorological parameters were the maximum temperature, relative humidity, rainfall and wind speed. The beginning and end of a season were established by the 95% method. During five studied years the highest concentration of birch pollen in the air was noted in 2003, with the pollen season starting in the middle of April and lasting till the 11th of May. The highest pollen count of 5736 grains per 1m3 was observed in the end of April. Two peaks of the of birch pollen grains per 1m3 were observed daily. The highest concentration was noted between 2-4 p.m. A positive and statistically significant correlation was found between the birch pollen concentration and air temperature and wind speed. A negative correlation was found in case of the relative humidity. Besides the individual rhythm of pollination, the meteorological conditions are the most important factors influencing the birch pollen concentration in the air.
Mugwort (Artemisia L.), nettle (Urtica L.) and plantain (Plantago L.) pollen in the atmosphere of Wrocław in the years 2002-2004
Authors: Malkiewicz Małgorzata
Published: June 2013

The paper includes the results of pollen season analysis of the selected plants (mugwort, nettle, plantain) regarded as the most allergenic in Wrocław in 2002-2004. The studies were carried out using volumetric method (Burkard trap). The results show strong variation in pollen seasons. The average duration of the pollen season of Artemisia was 82 days. The highest pollen concentration of mugwort was recorded in 2004 (156 grains × m-3). The start of nettle pollen seasons varied in studied period on average by 24 days, on average, but its end was almost the same. The pollen season of Urtica was the earliest in 2004. It started on 5th May and lasted 136 days. The annual pollen total of Plantago was relatively low, on average 0.2-0.4% in annual pollen totals.
The effect of meteorological factors on the start of the grass pollen season in Lublin in the years 2001-2004
Authors: Piotrowska Krystyna
Published: June 2013

Grasses' pollen produces allergens, which are the main cause of pollinosis in Poland and in many countries of Europe. In Poland the beginning of season falls in different days of May. Pollen monitoring was carried out in Lublin by volumetric method in years 2001-2004 by means of Lanzoni VPPS 2000 trap. Start of grass pollen season was marked by methods 98 % and ∑ 75 as well as by the Clot's method. Differences between them ranged from 1 to 7 days. The most approximate deadlines of beginning of pollen season were qualified according to methods 98 % and the Clot's one, except year 2002. It was defined the pollen season in Lublin begins between 5. and 21. of May. In that study impact of meteorological factors on the beginning dates of pollen seasons was estimated. It was stated statistically positive, essential correlation among the beginning of season and the daily mean, the minimum and maximum air temperature.
The importance of the stationary and individual pollen monitoring for the diagnostic of pollen allergy
Authors: Myszkowska Dorota , Bilo Barbara , Stępalska Danuta , Wołek Jerzy
Published: June 2013

The aim of the study was to evaluate pollen seasons of selected taxa with particular reference to allergic taxa such as birch (Betula sp.), grasses (Poaceae), mugwort (Artemisia sp.) in Cracow in 2003 and 2004 (project number 3 PO5D 034 24 funded by the State Committee for Scientific Research). Pollen concentrations obtained using the stationary Burkard trap and personal Partrap FA 52 were compared. The volumetric method was used in the study. Average daily concentrations (pollen grains × m-3) were obtained by counting pollen grains every hour along 4 longitudinal transects and applying an appropriate conversion factor. Duration of the pollen season was determined using the 95% method. Variations in annual totals of pollen grains (birch and mugwort), in start dates (especially for grasses) and in the season duration (birch and grasses) were found. The comparison of pollen concentrations obtained using the stationary and personal traps at the same place showed non statistically significant correlation for all the studied taxa and statistically significant correlations for birch, mugwort and grasses (Spearman rank correlation). However, the statistically significant differences between the concentrations obtained using Burkard and Partrap carried by patients (Wilcoxon's test) were noted. Very low concentrations of pollen grains measured indoor (work, flats) and the influence of the local plants growing in separate place (courtyard of the Allergology Department) on the pollen concentration were found.
Image analysis in automatic system of pollen recognition
Authors: Rapiejko Piotr , Wawrzyniak Zbigniew M. , Jachowicz Ryszard S. , Jurkiewicz Dariusz
Published: June 2013

In allergology practice and research, it would be convenient to receive pollen identification and monitoring results in much shorter time than it comes from human identification. Image based analysis is one of the approaches to an automated identification scheme for pollen grain and pattern recognition on such images is widely used as a powerful tool. The goal of such attempt is to provide accurate, fast recognition and classification and counting of pollen grains by computer system for monitoring. The isolated pollen grain are objects extracted from microscopic image by CCD camera and PC computer under proper conditions for further analysis. The algorithms are based on the knowledge from feature vector analysis of estimated parameters calculated from grain characteristics, including morphological features, surface features and other applicable estimated characteristics. Segmentation algorithms specially tailored to pollen object characteristics provide exact descriptions of pollen characteristics (border and internal features) already used by human expert. The specific characteristics and its measures are statistically estimated for each object. Some low level statistics for estimated local and global measures of the features establish the feature space. Some special care should be paid on choosing these feature and on constructing the feature space to optimize the number of subspaces for higher recognition rates in low-level classification for type differentiation of pollen grains.The results of estimated parameters of feature vector in low dimension space for some typical pollen types are presented, as well as some effective and fast recognition results of performed experiments for different pollens. The findings show the ewidence of using proper chosen estimators of central and invariant moments (M21, NM2, NM3, NM8 NM9), of tailored characteristics for good enough classification measures (efficiency > 95%), even for low dimensional classifiers (≥ 3) for type differentiation of pollens grain.
The effects of different substrates on flowering of kohleria (Kohleria amabilis Hook.)
Authors: Hetman Jerzy , Witek Małgorzata
Published: June 2013

The aim of the study was to test the effects of different substrates on flowering of Kohleria amabilis Hook. belonging to Gesneriaceae family. Substrates used were: white peat, white peat + bark (1:1), white peat +perlite (1:1), white peat + sand (1:1), coir, low-bog peat, low-bog peat + bark (1:1). Substrates caused effects on flowering of a kohleria. The best of them occured low-bog peat + bark (1:1). Plants bloomed the earliest, for the longest time and plentyfully. Moreover they were hight and nicely leafy. The least useful was white peat.
Senescence of Paeonia lactiflora leaves depend on postharvest treatment of shoots
Authors: Michałek Władysław , Pogroszewska Elżbieta , Rubinowska Katarzyna , Sadkowska Patrycja
Published: June 2013

The effect of Chrysal Glory, GA3-200 mg·dm-3, GA3-400 mg·dm-3, BA-100 mg·dm-3, BA-200 mg·dm-3 on senescence of Paeonia lactiflora 'Profesor Wóycicki' leaves was investigated. Photosynthesis activity of leaves, contents of a and b chlorophyll and leakage of electrolytes from the tissue were estimated. Chrysal Glory suppressed leakage of electrolytes. BA-100 m·dm-3 increased maximum quantum efficiency of chlorophyll. BA-100 mg·dm-3 and GA3-200 mg·dm-3 was the most effective in delaying senescence of Paeonia leaves by retarding chlorophyll loss and suppressig leakage of electrolytes.
Dynamics of flowering of artichoke globe (Cynara scolymus L.) plants in depending on cultivation method
Authors: Sałata Andrzej
Published: June 2013

The study was carried out in the years 2001-2002 in the Felin Research Center in Lublin. The differences in growth dynamics and morphology of flowering shoots were investigated with regards to a method of cultivation of artichoke. In the year 2001 flowering shoots and flowers occurred the earliest in the year 2001 on artichoke plants cultivated from crowns. In the year 2002 plants cultivated from crowns and transplants produced flowering shoots in the same time. Artichoke plants cultivated from transplants produced flowers earlier than those obtained from crowns. Plants grown from seeds sown in the ground did not produce flowering shoots. They remained as leaves through the whole vegetation period. Definitely more anthodiums produced plants those cultivated from crowns in comparison with obtained from transplants and seeds. Anthodiums which developed on shoots of plants cultivated from transplants and cuttings characterized bigger average height and diameter than anthodiums of plants cultivated from crowns. Artichoke plants differed in the number of leaves. More leaves of smaller length produced plants cultivated from transplants than plants obtained from cuttings and crowns.
Evaluation of growth and flowering of Chenopodium quinoa Willd. under Polish conditions
Authors: Gęsiński Krzysztof
Published: June 2013

The material presented refers to the estimation of growth and the flowering (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) under Polish conditions. The species has been a South-American pseudocereal cultivated in the traditional form in the Andean region for over 5 thousand years. Its advantage, apart from low soil and climate requirements, is that it shows high nutritive value. The Chenopodium quinoa protein is especially valuable with its amino acid composition which is better balanced than that of wheat or maize. It shows a better share of egzogenic aminoacids. Field examinations were carried out in 1999-2001 at the Experiment Station of Cultivar Testing at Chrząstowo. The experiment involved two cultivars from two various growing regions: America and Europe. Analyses were made to include development stages, plant growth dynamics, inflorescences development dynamics, inflorescence habit and flowering. Differences were recorded in the growth and development models of the cultivars researched. The European cultivar had a short compact inflorescence with a short flowering period, reaching 120 cm. American cultivar plants were high (160 cm); they showed a slower continuous growth, loose big-in-size inflorescence, and a long period of flowering. The plants ended their growing season over the flowering stage or seed formation. The adequate growth, the course of flowering and, as a result, a stable yielding of the European cultivar make the group suitable for the cultivation under Polish conditions. This breeding group should also be the parent material for the cultivation of the Polish cultivar of Chenopodium quinoa.
The effect of the feeding of Macrosiphum rosae (L.) and Chaetosiphon tetrarhodus (Walk.) on the flowering of roses
Authors: Jaśkiewicz Bożenna
Published: June 2013

Studies concerning the effect of the feeding of aphids Macrosiphum rosae (L.) and Chaetosiphon tetrarhodus (Walk.) on the flowering of roses were carried out in four sites in the green area of Lublin in the years 2001-2003. The studies comprised the shrubs of the park rose 'Grandhotel', the Rugosa rose, the multiflorous rose and the flower-bed roses of various cultivars. Aphids Ch. tetrarhodus dominated on Rugosa rose, while M. rosae dominated on the other roses. Aphids M. rosae and Ch. tetrarhodus, when found in greater numbers, caused deformation of the leaf blades, the shortening of shoots and petioles, as well as deformation of the flowers.
The harmfulness of Aphis fabae Scop. feeding on the flowers of park rose (Rosa sp.)
Authors: Jaśkiewicz Bożenna
Published: June 2013

The studies were conducted in the years 1999 - 2001 in the green area of the Lublin city in the street (A) and park (B) sites. The purpose of the studies was to determine the dynamics of the bean aphid population (Aphis fabae Scop.) and the effect of its feeding on the blooming of park roses (Rosa sp.). The presence of dwarf specimens of A. fabae was observed only on the crown petals and the sepals. Their feeding significantly affected the decorative character of roses, since the crown petals inhabited by them were faster to dry out and fall down. The presence of aphids on the shrubs was found throughout the period of about two months, and the aphids were more numerous in the street site.
The usable taxons in spontaneous flora of railway areas of the central-eastern part of Poland
Authors: Wrzesień Małgorzata , Denisow Bożena
Published: June 2013

A wide range of ecological conditions on anthropogenic sites makes it easy for different usable species to infiltrate and spread there. The data were collected since 1998. The spontaneous flora of railway areas of the central-eastern part of Poland is composed of already recorded 950 vascular plants, of which 373 are recognized as usable, including 78 dye plants, 162 medicinal, 324 nectariferous or polleniferous taxons. The majority of taxons are distributed in disperse (128 species - 34%) or occur rarely (96 species - 26%). The common or frequent species constitute 40% of usable flora of the studied area. Medicinal and melliferous plants occur most frequently on slopes of trenches and railway embankments in nearly natural habitats. They mostly grow as single individuals or form loose and rarely dense patches. The analysis of their geographical status confirms the ultimate prevalence of apophytes over anthropophytes. Considering syntaxonomic structure, there are mainly species typical for phytoceonoses from Molinio-Arrhenatheretea, Artemisietea vulgaris, Stellarietea mediae, Festuco-Brometea, Querco-Fagetea classes.
The morphology of pollen presenter and polymorphism of pollen grains Taraxacum officinale F. H. Wigg.
Authors: Weryszko-Chmielewska Elżbieta , Chwil Mirosława
Published: June 2013

The study of the structure of the pollen presenter of Taraxacum officinale and morphology of pollen grains was conducted based on plant material sampled from three different sites. One of them was a forest meadow situated away from the city, and the other two were located in the city centre of Lublin. Light and electron scanning microscopy were used in the study. The pollen presenter in Taraxacum officinale occurs at the upper part of the style situated over the androecium and on the outer part of the stigma. Numerous unicellular trichomes are found on the entire surface of the epidermis of the presenter. The function of the presenter consists in transferring pollen grains above the androecium and corolla petals. Its activity does not stop after pollen release from anthers. Taraxacum pollen grains represent the Crepis - type. Most frequently, they are tricolporate, radially symmetric and isopolar. In terms of the size, they are included in medium-sized grains. In the material examined, many deformed and asymmetric grains were observed, though they were marked by high viability at the level of 96.5-99%. Grains with the largest average lengths of the equatorial and polar axes were found in plants sampled from the meadow situated out of town. In the plant material from all sites, grains with disturbances of the external structure occurred.
Effect of storage on quercetin content in frozen175 and dried shallot
Authors: Horbowicz Marcin
Published: June 2013

The studies on effects of freezing and drying on quercetin content in shallot, as well as storage time of obtained products, were carried out. Two landraces, marked PV-S and PV201, were taken for the studies. The process of drying was carried out using a semi-technological drier operated by forced airflow. Dried slices of shallot were stored in ambient temperature in closed glass containers, and quercetin was determined periodically. The process of drying and further 8 months of storage caused a small decrease (15 - 16%) of the quercetin level in shallot. During the process of freezing of sliced shallot and its subsequent storage over 8 months in temperature -21°C, the quercetin level declined slightly, too, although the decline was higher than in case of drying and storage of dried shallot.
The effect of M.9 and M.26 rootstocks on the growth of maiden trees of 'Šampion' and 'Jonica' apple cultivars
Authors: Kapłan Magdalena , Baryła Piotr
Published: June 2013

The studies were conducted in the years 2000-2003 at the Felin Experimental Farm of the Agricultural University of Lublin. Maiden apple trees, 'Šampion' and 'Jonica', grafted on the M.9 RN29 and M.26 rootstocks, were the examined material. It was proved that genetic characteristics of the cultivar and weather conditions in the period of growth of young shoots had a significant effect on the growth of the examined trees. The diameter of the rootstocks of the examined cultivars depended on the type of the rootstock used. It turned out that in 2002 the M.26 apple was significantly thicker than the M.9 one. No significant effect of the rootstock and the cultivar on the diameter of the maiden trees at the height of 30 cm was found. It was observed that the trees on M.26 had a larger diameter than those on M.9. The cultivar and weather conditions in a given year had the most significant effect on the sum of shoot lengths, as well as the number and length of one shoot.
Comparison and flowering valuation of New Guinea Impatiens cultivars from Sonic and Super Sonic groups
Authors: Startek Ludmiła , Klessa Magdalena
Published: June 2013

In the years 2002-2003 the flowering of four New Guinea Impatiens cultivars from Sonic and Super Sonic groups were compared. They were the following cultivars: 'Sonic Pink', 'Sonic Sweet Cherry', 'Super Sonic Cherry Cream' and 'Super Sonic Hot Pink'. The experiments were carried out from the middle of April till the middle of October. Neutralised sphagnum peat with slow release fertiliser Osmocote Plus 5/6 was used as medium. It was found that the cultivar 'Sonic Pink' began blooming 1-4 weeks earlier than the other cultivars. The cultivars 'Sonic Sweet Cherry' and 'Super Sonic Cherry Cream' had significantly more abundant flowering (105.3-113.3 flowers per plant) than the cultivars 'Sonic Pink' and 'Super Sonic Hot Pink' (72.0-92.8 flowers per plant). All the cultivars had big flowers (6.3-7.8 cm in diameter). The most similar flowers were found in 'Sonic Sweet Cherry' and the least similar in 'Super Sonic Hot Pink'.
Some notes on China aster (Callistephus chinensis (L.) Nees) with particular attention paid to the changeability of florets and inflorescences in view of the so far used descriptions
Authors: Wosińska Alicja
Published: June 2013

The paper is mostly devoted to the variability of florets and heads in Callistephus sp.- in its wild form and cultivated varieties. Describing the variability of heads more attention was paid to florets and specially ray florets including rare and often incorrectly described florets with tubular corollas. Attention was called to the necessity of using univocal and generally accepted basic vocabulary for heterogamic heads.
The level of wild oat resistance to ACC-ase inhibitors in South-Eastern Poland
Authors: Stokłosa Agnieszka , Kieć Jacek
Published: June 2013

In the years 2003-2004 two experiments: laboratory and field, were carried out to detect the level of wild oat herbicide resistance. Weeds were collected from fields in south-eastern Poland, on the basis of survey conducted between farmers who have problems with wild oat herbicidal fighting. Two herbicides were tested: fenoxaprop- P-ethyl and diclofop methyl, both ACC-ase inhibitors. The laboratory test was established by modified Letouze et al. (1997) method. After 6-day growth on each herbicide water solution, the number of alive wild oat seedlings was assesed. In the field experiment plants in 3-5 leaf stage were sprayed with field dose of each herbicide. Two weeks after spraying the percentage of plants damage and in July the percentage of flowering plants were assesed. The wild oat plants that survive in laboratory test in ≥50% and plants that flowered in ≥50% in field conditions were recognized as resistant. On that basis wild oat resistace to fenoxaprop-P-ethyl and to diclofop methyl was stated on 17% and 28% fields from overall number of 18 fields, respectively.