bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microanalysis Characterization and Immunomodulatory Effect for Selenium-Enriched Polysaccharide from Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers.
Authors: Qian Lijuan , Du Mengxiang , Yang Xiaoyan , Wang Qian , Huang Shengwei , Ma Yuhan , Sun Yujun
Published: March 2023

Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers., referred to as Morel, is a medicinal and edible homologous fungus, which contains many bioactive substances. In Morel, polysaccharides are the most abundant and have various bioactivities. In the present work, two novel polysaccharides, Se-MPS and MPS, were prepared and purified from selenium-enriched (Se-enriched) and common Morel mycelia, respectively, and their structural and immunomodulatory properties were evaluated. The results show that Se-enriched treatment significantly changed the polysaccharides’ chemical composition, molecular weight, and sugar chain configuration. In addition, the Se-enriched treatment also improved the polysaccharides’ fragmentation and thermal stability. Importantly, Se-enriched Morel polysaccharide (Se-MPS) could significantly enhance phagocytosis of RAW 264.7 macrophage cells and, remarkably, activate their immune response via activating the TLR4-TRAF6-MAPKs-NF-κB cascade signaling pathway, finally exerting an immunomodulatory function. Based on these findings, selenium-enriched Morel polysaccharide appears to have more potential for development and utilization in functional foods or medicines than ordinary Morel polysaccharide.
Passing of Nanocarriers across the Histohematic Barriers: Current Approaches for Tumor Theranostics
Authors: Gareev Kamil , Tagaeva Ruslana , Bobkov Danila , Yudintceva Natalia , Goncharova Daria , Combs Stephanie E. , Ten Artem , Samochernych Konstantin , Shevtsov Maxim
Published: March 2023

Over the past several decades, nanocarriers have demonstrated diagnostic and therapeutic (i.e., theranostic) potencies in translational oncology, and some agents have been further translated into clinical trials. However, the practical application of nanoparticle-based medicine in living organisms is limited by physiological barriers (blood–tissue barriers), which significantly hampers the transport of nanoparticles from the blood into the tumor tissue. This review focuses on several approaches that facilitate the translocation of nanoparticles across blood–tissue barriers (BTBs) to efficiently accumulate in the tumor. To overcome the challenge of BTBs, several methods have been proposed, including the functionalization of particle surfaces with cell-penetrating peptides (e.g., TAT, SynB1, penetratin, R8, RGD, angiopep-2), which increases the passing of particles across tissue barriers. Another promising strategy could be based either on the application of various chemical agents (e.g., efflux pump inhibitors, disruptors of tight junctions, etc.) or physical methods (e.g., magnetic field, electroporation, photoacoustic cavitation, etc.), which have been shown to further increase the permeability of barriers.
Analysis of Influencing Factors in the Preparation of Mullite Whiskers from Recovering Silicon-Rich Waste under Low-Temperature Conditions
Authors: Gu Xiaohua , Chen Peiquan , Wang Tong , Liu Siwen , Zhu Shangwen , Zhu Yanwei , Liu Yan
Published: March 2023

A large amount of catalyst waste containing silicon is deposited or buried every year, resulting in serious environmental pollution and a waste of resources. In this paper, a method to prepare mullite whiskers by recycling silica-rich waste under low-temperature conditions was investigated. The effects of raw materials, sintering temperature, catalyst addition, holding time and co-solvent addition on the structure, morphology and phase transition of the synthesized whiskers were investigated and characterized with SEM, XRD, TEM, TG and DTA. The results show that the addition of 10% Na2SO4 as the liquid-phase mass transfer medium could effectively improve the crystallization efficiency of mullite whiskers, while providing an ideal living environment for the growth of whiskers. The crystallinity and uniformity of mullite were positively correlated with the addition of aluminum fluoride trihydrate and the holding time, respectively. The growth law and conditions of mullite whiskers are discussed, and the optimal growth process conditions of mullite whiskers were optimized. The optimal conditions for mullite whiskers were determined as follows: the addition of aluminum fluoride is 5 wt%, the sintering temperature is 825 °C, and the holding time is 5 h at the time of sintering. This work offers new prospects for the industrial production of mullite whiskers from recycled silica-rich waste.
The Symbiotic Bacteria—Xenorhabdus nematophila All and Photorhabdus luminescens H06 Strongly Affected the Phenoloxidase Activation of Nipa Palm Hispid, Octodonta nipae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Larvae
Authors: Sanda Nafiu Bala , Hou Youming
Published: March 2023

Symbiotic bacteria form a mutualistic relationship with nematodes and are pathogenic to many insect pests. They kill insects using various strategies to evade or suppress their humoral and cellular immunity. Here we evaluate the toxic effects of these bacteria and their secondary metabolites on the survival and phenoloxidase (PO) activation of Octodonta nipae larvae using biochemical and molecular methods. The results show P. luminescens H06 and X. nematophila All treatments caused significant reductions in the number of O. nipae larvae in a dose-dependent manner. Secondly, the O. nipae immune system recognizes symbiotic bacteria at early and late stages of infection via the induction of C-type lectin. Live symbiotic bacteria significantly inhibit PO activity in O. nipae whereas heat-treated bacteria strongly increase PO activity. Additionally, expression levels of four O. nipae proPhenoloxidase genes following treatment with P. luminescens H06 and X. nematophila All were compared. We found that the expression levels of all proPhenoloxidase genes were significantly down-regulated at all-time points. Similarly, treatments of O. nipae larvae with metabolites benzylideneacetone and oxindole significantly down-regulated the expression of the PPO gene and inhibited PO activity. However, the addition of arachidonic acid to metabolite-treated larvae restored the expression level of the PPO gene and increased PO activity. Our results provide new insight into the roles of symbiotic bacteria in countering the insect phenoloxidase activation system.
Essential Oils as Nematicides in Plant Protection—A Review
Authors: Catani Linda , Manachini Barbara , Grassi Eleonora , Guidi Loretta , Semprucci Federica
Published: March 2023

By 2030, the European Commission intends to halve chemical pesticide use and its consequent risks. Among pesticides, nematicides are chemical agents used to control parasitic roundworms in agriculture. In recent decades, researchers have been looking for more sustainable alternatives with the same effectiveness but a limited impact on the environment and ecosystems. Essential oils (EOs) are similar bioactive compounds and potential substitutes. Different studies on the use of EOs as nematicides are available in the Scopus database in the scientific literature. These works show a wider exploration of EO effects in vitro than in vivo on different nematode populations. Nevertheless, a review of which EOs have been used on different target nematodes, and how, is still not available. The aim of this paper is to explore the extent of EO testing on nematodes and which of them have nematicidal effects (e.g., mortality, effects on motility, inhibition of egg production). Particularly, the review aims to identify which EOs have been used the most, on which nematodes, and which formulations have been applied. This study provides an overview of the available reports and data to date, downloaded from Scopus, through (a) network maps created by VOSviewer software (version 1.6.8, Nees Jan van Eck and Ludo Waltman, Leiden, The Netherlands) and (b) a systematic analysis of all scientific papers. VOSviewer created maps with keywords derived from co-occurrence analysis to understand the main keywords used and the countries and journals which have published most on the topic, while the systematic analysis investigated all the documents downloaded. The main goal is to offer a comprehensive understanding of the potential use of EOs in agriculture as well as which directions future research should move toward.
Improvement in Essential Oil Quantity and Quality of Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) by Integrative Application of Chitosan Nanoparticles and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi under Water Stress Conditions
Authors: Amani Machiani Mostafa , Javanmard Abdollah , Ostadi Ali , Alizadeh Khoshnood
Published: March 2023

Water stress is one of the critical abiotic stresses and limiting factors in the productivity of plants, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. In recent years, the application of bio-fertilizer and stress-modulating nanoparticles (NPs) is known as one of the eco-friendly strategies for improving plants quantity and quality under stressful conditions. In order to achieve the desirable essential oil (EO) quality and quantity of thyme in water deficit conditions, a 2-year field experiment was carried out as a split plot based on the randomized complete block design (RCBD), with 12 treatments and three replications. The treatments included different irrigation levels, containing irrigation at 80% field capacity (FC80) as no stress, 60% FC as moderate water stress (FC60) and 40% FC as severe water stress (FC40), as well as four different fertilizer sources, including non-application of fertilizer (control), application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), chitosan NPs (CHT) and co-application of AMF+CHT NPs. The results demonstrated that the dry yield of thyme decreased by 13% and 40.3% under FC60 and FC40 water stress conditions. However, co-application of AMF+CHT NPs enhanced the dry yield of thyme by 21.7% in comparison to the control (non-application of fertilizer). The maximum EO content (2.03%) and EO yield (10.04 g 7 g m−2) of thyme were obtained under moderate water stress (FC60) fertilized with AMF+CHT NPs. Co-application of AMF+CHT NPs enhanced the EO content and EO yield of thyme by 17.1% and 42.7%, respectively. Based on the GC-MS and GC-FID analysis, 38 constituents were identified in the thyme EO, with the major constituents being thymol (35.64–41.31%), p-cymene (16.35–19.38%), γ-terpinene (12.61–13.98%) and carvacrol (2.78–3.93%) respectively. The highest content of thymol and γ-terpinene was obtained under moderate water stress (FC60) fertilized with AMF+CHT NPs. In addition, the highest content of p-cymene and carvacrol was observed in the severe water stress (FC40) fertilized with AMF+CHT NPs. The present research suggests that the co-application of AMF+CHT NPs represents a sustainable and eco-friendly strategy for improving the EO quantity and quality of thyme under water stress conditions.
Compressible Cellulose Wood Prepared with Deep Eutectic Solvents and Its Improved Technology
Authors: Wang Wenhao , Chen Mengyao , Wu Yan
Published: March 2023

Elastic materials have a wide range of applications in many industries, but their widespread use is often limited by small-scale production methods and the use of highly polluting chemical reagents. In this study, we drew inspiration from research on wood softening to develop an environmentally friendly and scalable approach for producing a new type of compressible wood material called CW from natural wood. To achieve this, we employed a top-down approach using a novel type of “ionic liquid” eutectic solvent (DES) that is cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and recyclable. After treatment with DES, the resulting CW demonstrated good elasticity and durable compressibility, which was achieved by removing some lignin and hemicellulose from the wood and thinning the cell walls, thereby creating a honeycomb structure that allows for sustained compression and rebound. However, we found that the wood treated with a single eutectic solvent showed some softening (CW-1), although there was still room for further improvement of its elasticity. To address this, we used a secondary treatment with sodium hydroxide alkali solution to produce a softer and more elastic wood (CW-2). We conducted a series of comparative analyses and performance tests on natural wood (NW) and CW, including microscopic imaging; determination of chemical composition, mechanical properties, and compressive stress effects; and laser confocal testing. The results show that the DES and sodium hydroxide alkali solution treatments effectively removed some lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose from the wood, resulting in the thinning of the cell walls and creating a more elastic material with a sustainable compression rebound rate of over 90%. The various properties of CW, including its elasticity, durability, and sustainability, provide great potential for its application in a range of fields, such as sensors, water purification, and directional tissue engineering.
The Spirit-Writing Movement in the Chaozhou Region: Response to Modern Crises (1840–1949)
Authors: Li Guoping
Published: March 2023

The spirit-writing (fuluan 扶鸞 or fuji 扶乩) movement was a response to modern crises in the domain of Chinese popular religion. From the nineteenth century, spirit-writing cults sprang up throughout China and became a national religious trend. These cults were centered around moral reform promoted through spirit-writing and aimed to reorient traditional values. This article focuses on how the Chinese conceptualized modern crises as jie 劫 by means of spirit-writing, expounded crises in the local context, and reacted to these ideas and crises in their religious and social practices. In the Chaozhou region, the movement arose in the context of disasters, political chaos, and the transmission of foreign culture and religions from the late nineteenth century. Chaozhou spirit-writing cults discoursed on the concept of jie as their doctrinal foundation and endeavored to save the world by receiving moral revelations from deities. They regarded doing good deeds as a way of cultivation and urged people to perform good deeds to avert disasters. Through the planchette, they expounded the meaning of good deeds and enriched their crisis theories in their religious practice. The movement demonstrated the initiative of popular religion, interpreting and reacting to modern crises by using traditional soteriological notions and practices.
Learning from Black Lives Matter: Resisting Purity Culture in US Antitrafficking
Authors: Zimmerman Yvonne C.
Published: March 2023

Persistent racial disparities in antitrafficking in the US reflect the antitrafficking movement’s reliance on a moral economy of purity and blamelessness that is steeped in White supremacy. I deconstruct two key strands of this moral economy: the middle-class economic values associated with the Protestant ethic, and the patriarchal, Christian values around gender and sexuality associated with purity culture. Both of these strands skew White and fail to work reliably for Black people. Constructively, I argue that the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement is an important model for the antitrafficking movement as it models the explicit rejection of and divests from the logics and practices of White supremacy. As a Black-centered political movement that is committed to resisting the unjust dehumanization of Black bodies, BLM’s responses to systemic injustice and harms consistently prioritize the well-being of Black lives and the flourishing of Black communities. I elaborate specific ways that the antitrafficking movement can learn from the wisdom that BLM provides.
What Role Does Sustainable Behavior and Environmental Awareness from Civil Society Play in the Planet’s Sustainable Transition
Authors: Pinho Micaela , Gomes Sofia
Published: March 2023

The respect of human beings for the planet’s boundaries is an obligation of humanity for the sake of our own and future generations. Achieving this planetary sustainability requires a radical change in the way humanity develops. This study aims to explore whether a sample of Portuguese civil society is committed to achieving this purpose. We explored: (i) citizens’ adherence to sustainable behaviour in terms of purchases and household practices; (ii) if environmental concerns and activism are predictors of these sustainable behaviours; and (iii) if environmental concerns influence environmental activism. A quantitative approach was used based on partial least squares. The results revealed that respondents demonstrate sustainable behaviour in consumption by avoiding plastic and looking for recyclable packaging and in housework by saving energy; environmental activism proved to be the most significant predictor of these behaviours, followed by environmental concerns. This article constitutes an opportunity to take (suggested) measures that encourage a change in the behavioural patterns of societies.
Study on the Identification of Habitat Suitability Areas for the Dominant Locust Species Dasyhippus Barbipes in Inner Mongolia
Authors: Zhang Xianwei , Huang Wenjiang , Ye Huichun , Lu Longhui
Published: March 2023

Grassland locusts harm a large amount of grassland every year. Grassland locusts have caused devastating disasters across grassland resources and have greatly impacted the lives of herdsmen. Due to the impacts of climate change and human activity, the distribution of grassland locust habitats changes constantly. The monitoring and identification of locust habitats is of great significance for the production and utilization of grassland resources. In order to further understand the behavior of these grassland pests and carry out precise prevention and control strategies, researchers have often used survey points to reveal the distribution of habitat-suitability areas or establish the high density of locusts (more than 15 locusts/m2) to identify the different risk levels of habitat-suitability areas for grassland locusts. However, the results of these two methods have often been too large, which is not conducive to the precise control of grassland locusts in large areas. Starting from the sample points of our locust investigation, we conducted a hierarchical prediction of the density of locusts and used the probability value of locust occurrence, as predicted by a maximum entropy model, to categorize the habitat-suitability areas according to the probability thresholds of suitable species growth. The results were in good agreement with the actual situation and there was little difference between the prediction results for locust densities greater than 15 locusts/m2 in the middle- and high-density habitat-suitability areas and those for all survey points, while there was a big difference between the prediction results for densities in the middle- and low-density habitat-suitability areas and those for all survey points. These results could provide a basis for the efficient and accurate control of grassland locusts and could have practical significance for future guidance.
Photoplethysmography Driven Hypertension Identification: A Pilot Study
Authors: Yan Liangwen , Wei Mingsen , Hu Sijung , Sheng Bo
Published: March 2023

To prevent and diagnose hypertension early, there has been a growing demand to identify its states that align with patients. This pilot study aims to research how a non-invasive method using photoplethysmographic (PPG) signals works together with deep learning algorithms. A portable PPG acquisition device (Max30101 photonic sensor) was utilized to (1) capture PPG signals and (2) wirelessly transmit data sets. In contrast to traditional feature engineering machine learning classification schemes, this study preprocessed raw data and applied a deep learning algorithm (LSTM-Attention) directly to extract deeper correlations between these raw datasets. The Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model underlying a gate mechanism and memory unit enables it to handle long sequence data more effectively, avoiding gradient disappearance and possessing the ability to solve long-term dependencies. To enhance the correlation between distant sampling points, an attention mechanism was introduced to capture more data change features than a separate LSTM model. A protocol with 15 healthy volunteers and 15 hypertension patients was implemented to obtain these datasets. The processed result demonstrates that the proposed model could present satisfactory performance (accuracy: 0.991; precision: 0.989; recall: 0.993; F1-score: 0.991). The model we proposed also demonstrated superior performance compared to related studies. The outcome indicates the proposed method could effectively diagnose and identify hypertension; thus, a paradigm to cost-effectively screen hypertension could rapidly be established using wearable smart devices.
A Two-Stage Automatic Color Thresholding Technique
Authors: Pootheri Shamna , Ellam Daniel , Grübl Thomas , Liu Yang
Published: March 2023

Thresholding is a prerequisite for many computer vision algorithms. By suppressing the background in an image, one can remove unnecessary information and shift one’s focus to the object of inspection. We propose a two-stage histogram-based background suppression technique based on the chromaticity of the image pixels. The method is unsupervised, fully automated, and does not need any training or ground-truth data. The performance of the proposed method was evaluated using a printed circuit assembly (PCA) board dataset and the University of Waterloo skin cancer dataset. Accurately performing background suppression in PCA boards facilitates the inspection of digital images with small objects of interest, such as text or microcontrollers on a PCA board. The segmentation of skin cancer lesions will help doctors to automate skin cancer detection. The results showed a clear and robust background–foreground separation across various sample images under different camera or lighting conditions, which the naked implementation of existing state-of-the-art thresholding methods could not achieve.
Dynamic Bayesian Model for Detecting Obstructive Respiratory Events by Using an Experimental Model
Authors: Romero Daniel , Jané Raimon
Published: March 2023

In this study, we propose a model-based tool for the detection of obstructive apnea episodes by using ECG features from a single lead channel. Several sequences of recurrent apnea were provoked in separate 15-min periods in anesthetized rats during an experimental model of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Morphology-based ECG markers and the beat-to-beat interval (RR) were assessed in each sequence. These markers were used to train dynamic Bayesian networks (DBN) with different orders and feature combinations to find a good tradeoff between network complexity and apnea-detection performance. By using a filtering approach, the resulting DBNs were used to infer the apnea probability signal for subsequent episodes in the same rat. These signals were then processed using by 15-s epochs to determine whether epochs were classified as apneic or nonapneic. Our results showed that fifth-order models provided suitable RMSE values, since higher order models become significantly more complex and present worse generalization. A global threshold of 0.2 gave the best overall performance for all combinations tested, with Acc = 81.3%, Se = 69.8% and Sp = 81.5%, using only two parameters including the RR and Ds (R-wave downslope) markers. We concluded that multivariate models using DBNs represent a powerful tool for detecting obstructive apnea episodes in short segments, which may also serve to estimate the number of total events in a given time period.
Design of Meat Product Safety Information Chain Traceability System Based on UHF RFID
Authors: Qiao Jiping , Hao Minghui , Guo Meicen
Published: March 2023

As a result of the current imperfection of the meat traceability system, there have been numerous food safety events with serious consequences. In this paper, a meat product information traceability system is designed to efficiently prevent such problems. This system develops an identification tag information reader based on ultra-high frequency (UHF) Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). It is compatible with LoRa wireless, USB serial port, RS485, and RJ45 Ethernet connection. Among them, the efficiency analysis of the Q-value algorithm finds that the recognition rate of the system reaches a maximum of about 0.367 when the number of tags n is about the frame length. The multi-tag anti-collision algorithm design based on the algorithm improves the efficiency of information collection in production and distribution links. The traceability code identification scheme is designed to effectively match various links, and the platform of system is built using LabVIEW2014 software, which has five sub-modules including user management, farm management, slaughter management, logistics management, and sales management. The system uses MySQL databases to store traceability information so that users can complete their queries by entering the traceability code on the system platform. The system not only has a low cost and a broad range of applications, but it also realizes the tracking record of meat product traceability information from breeding to selling, completes the function from information collection to information inquiry, and solves the problem of the incomplete traceability information chain. In addition, the system not only enhances the informational transparency of meat products in the product supply chain but also provides information for the regulatory authorities to effectively monitor safety.
Towards a Multi-Pixel Photon-to-Digital Converter for Time-Bin Quantum Key Distribution
Authors: Carrier Simon , Labrecque-Dias Michel , Tannous Ramy , Gendron Pascal , Nolet Frédéric , Roy Nicolas , Rossignol Tommy , Vachon Frédéric , Parent Samuel , Jennewein Thomas , Charlebois Serge , Pratte Jean-François
Published: March 2023

We present an integrated single-photon detection device custom designed for quantum key distribution (QKD) with time-bin encoded single photons. We implemented and demonstrated a prototype photon-to-digital converter (PDC) that integrates an 8 × 8 single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array with on-chip digital signal processing built in TSMC 65 nm CMOS. The prototype SPADs are used to validate the QKD functionalities with an array of time-to-digital converters (TDCs) to timestamp and process the photon detection events. The PDC uses window gating to reject noise counts and on-chip processing to sort the photon detections into respective time-bins. The PDC prototype achieved a 22.7 ps RMS timing resolution and demonstrated operation in a time-bin setup with 158 ps time-bins at an optical wavelength of 410 nm. This PDC can therefore be an important building block for a QKD receiver and enables compact and robust time-bin QKD systems with imaging detectors.
Implications of the Onset of Sweating on the Sweat Lactate Threshold
Authors: Maeda Yuta , Okawara Hiroki , Sawada Tomonori , Nakashima Daisuke , Nagahara Joji , Fujitsuka Haruki , Ikeda Kaito , Hoshino Sosuke , Kobari Yusuke , Katsumata Yoshinori , Nakamura Masaya , Nagura Takeo
Published: March 2023

The relationship between the onset of sweating (OS) and sweat lactate threshold (sLT) assessed using a novel sweat lactate sensor remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the implications of the OS on the sLT. Forty healthy men performed an incremental cycling test. We monitored the sweat lactate, blood lactate, and local sweating rates to determine the sLT, blood LT (bLT), and OS. We defined participants with the OS during the warm-up just before the incremental test as the early perspiration (EP) group and the others as the regular perspiration (RP) group. Pearson’s correlation coefficient analysis revealed that the OS was poorly correlated with the sLT, particularly in the EP group (EP group, r = 0.12; RP group, r = 0.56). Conversely, even in the EP group, the sLT was strongly correlated with the bLT (r = 0.74); this was also the case in the RP group (r = 0.61). Bland-Altman plots showed no bias between the mean sLT and bLT (mean difference: 19.3 s). Finally, in five cases with a later OS than bLT, the sLT tended to deviate from the bLT (mean difference, 106.8 s). The sLT is a noninvasive and continuous alternative to the bLT, independent of an early OS, although a late OS may negatively affect the sLT.
(Re)defining Entrepreneurship in a Post-Pandemic Context
Authors: Dias Álvaro , Patuleia Mafalda
Published: March 2023

More than three years have passed since the first lockdown, and the world is not the same [...]
Discrediting the Spiritual and Moral Elements of the National Mentality as a Threat to the National Security of Russia (on the Example of Traditional Confessions, Culture and the Russian Language)
Authors:   Northwestern Institute of Management RANEPA, Kovalev A.A.
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the consideration of one of the most important threats to the national security of Russia among many others - the destructive spiritual and moral impact on the national mentality of Russia. One of the manifestations of such influence is the discrediting of confessions traditional for Russia, culture and the Russian language as a state-forming one. The paper shows the significance for national security of these elements, their value for the state and society, and also studied the negative consequences that may occur as a result of the successful implementation of the policy to discredit them.
Optimism and pessimism in the images of the future in modern Russian cinema
Authors:   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev, Gribakina T.E.
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of Russian films in order to identify optimism and pessimism about the prospects of the future in them. As a methodological basis, we applied our own methodology for the study of feature films. Its application made it possible to consider not only the content (plot) of films, but also their visual range, to focus on the color, light and auditory characteristics of the film. In conclusion, a conclusion was made about the dominance of pessimism in the images of the future in contemporary Russian cinema.
Аnalysis of interpretations of the concept of "thinking"
Authors:   Institute for Control Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sidelnikov Yu.V.
Published: March 2023

The article offers an overview of the interpretations of the concept of «thinking». A fundamentally new, contextual, form of the definition of the concept of «thinking» is considered. A vector model of generic definition is introduced. Using it, an analysis of the «measure of proximity» of generic definitions of thinking is proposed. For this, generic definitions and certain types of specific parts of the considered definitions are singled out and considered separately. In addition, a negative trend in changing the interpretation of the concept of «thinking» was stated. Thus, the considered generic definitions of the concept of thinking within the same generic component will differ on the basis of essential specific characteristics. As a result, the hypothesis about the impossibility of interpreting the concept of «thinking», set out in the psychological dictionary, has been clarified. We believe that this hypothesis is correct only if the concept of thinking is interpreted in a generic form.
ASSESSMENT OF COMPETENCIES OF HR SPECIALISTS OF STATE BODIES
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute of Labor, Moscow, Russia, Sladkova N.M. , Voskresenskaia O.A. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Labor, Moscow, Russia
Published: March 2023

The subject of the study is HR competencies of specialists of personnel services of state bodies. The article presents an approach to the assessment of competencies of HR specialists of state bodies using the 180-degree assessment method as part of monitoring the maturity and effectiveness of HR management. Currently, a single model of HR competencies is not used for regular performance evaluation of HR specialists of state bodies, which makes it difficult to plan their professional development both at the level of individual state bodies and for the entire civil service as a whole, and also complicates the introduction of modern HR technologies. In the context of current priorities, these are technologies aimed at implementing customer-focused standards. The purpose of the paper is to test the preliminary model of competencies of HR specialists of state bodies, to determine the basic (initial) level of their development, taking into account the specifics of HR activities. The research results allowed us to draw conclusions about the need to develop change management competencies, motivation, and corporate culture required to implement the principles of the “State for People” concept. The authors conclude about the importance of assessing HR competencies to determine the level of maturity and effectiveness of HR management in a state body. Proposals have been formulated on further steps to develop and test a unified model of competencies of HR specialists of state bodies, including a recommendation to supplement the 180-degree assessment with professional testing of HR teams. The materials of the article are addressed both directly to representatives of state and municipal authorities, and to a wide range of readers interested in tools and technologies for assessing competencies.
THE IMPACT OF CHILD BENEFITS AND COMPENSATION PAYMENTS ON POVERTY REDUCTION IN THE REGIONS OF RUSSIA
Authors:   All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Labor, Moscow, Russia, Razumov A.A. , Selivanova O.V. ,   All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Labor, Moscow, Russia
Published: March 2023

The object of the research is low-income (poor) households with children and their incomes. The subject of the study is state social assistance in the Russian Federation. The aim of the study is to assess the impact of social assistance measures for families with children on reducing poverty. The methods of research include structural analysis, comparative approach, methods of statistical processing of information, and general scientific methods of cognition. Based on the study the main directions of social assistance for families with children as the main group of the poor population of Russia are systematized. The analysis of the monetary incomes of households with children and a quantitative assessment of the impact of social assistance measures on reducing their poverty in the Russian regions is made on the basis of micro data of the Statistical Survey of Income and Participation in Social Programs for 2021 (VNDN-2021). The research results demonstrate the contribution of child social benefits and compensation payments in reducing the poverty of families with children and its scale. At the same time, the size of social benefits is inadequate to compensate for the money income deficit of poor households. The scope of research results application: the analytical data, research conclusions, and recommendations can be used by executive authorities at the federal and regional levels in the development and implementation of poverty reduction mechanisms in Russian regions.
Rosalyn Tureck and the principles of her work with baroque art codes
Authors: Ushakova Marharyta
Published: March 2023

Statement of the problem. Musical art is one of the types of communication where people from different historical eras and cultures are in a kind of dialogue. However, it is necessary that all participants of the conversation either know the same language or have the “keys” to decode it, which, however, is not a guarantee that all participants of the communication process will adequately understand each other. This is due to the specificity of the perceptual process, the mosaic nature of culture, and the change of artistic paradigms. This is vividly illustrated in musical performance because the vast majority of modern artists work with texts from other historical eras. Recent research and publications. The study is based on works devoted to the questions of the understanding of the musical text (I. Sukhlenko), the performing interpretation (P. Thom, T. Verkina, M. Bondarenko, M. Sagalova and K. Timofeyeva), the philosophical foundations of rendition of musical works (G. Medina Riera, H. Hinrichsen), as well as the study of Baroque art (A. Paradiso-Laurin, U. Golomb, H. Meister, P. Williams, O. Slipchenko, I. Melnychuk and O. Dondyk). The purpose of the study is determination of principles of the performer’s work with baroque codes on the example of performing and editing versions of R. Tureck of “Aria and Ten Variations in the Italian Style” by J. S. Bach. The scientific novelty of the study based on the use of hermeneutic, interpretive and historical-cultural methods of analysis, lies in defining the basic principles of R. Turek’s work with codes of baroque art. Results. “Aria and Ten Variations in the Italian Style” by JohannSebastianBach is a vivid example of the boundless interpretative field of the outstanding composer’s work. Having analyzed the external and internal “reference points” of the work, its fundamental “interpretative codes” are defined: the title of the work, which has two components – “Aria” and “alla maniera Italiana”; genre; ornamentation; sound image of the instrument; Baroque era and symbolism of musical works. The activity of American pianist R. Tureсk is a bright page in the history of actualization of the works of the great cantor. That is why it was interesting to find out her principles of rendition of the interpretative codes of “Aria”: 1. Ornamentation. 2. Usage of modern resources for the realization of the composer’s idea. 3. A synthesis of ancient and modern, combining the experience of previous eras with modern perception of the music space. Conclusion. Baroque music has a whole palette of hidden meanings, senses, codes, and thus limitless interpretive potential. R. Tureck has once again proved this by sharing with the masses valuable comments and instructions on the pages of her pedagogical and scientific works, which open up a wide field for research.
Author’s dedication as a semantic code of an artist’s worldview position
Authors: Povzun Liudmyla
Published: March 2023

Statement of the problem. The tradition of authors’ dedications in composers’ works has developed in musical art during several historical and stylistic epochs. According to our observes, there are several types of dedications, which differ in form and content: a dedication to a specific person who inspired or influenced the storyline of the artwork; dedications, in which the addressees remain encrypted in the initial letters of the name and surname, allowing readers/performers to guess the history of the work’s creation; dedications, which were composed of quotes from other authors’ works that provide the opportunity of a dialogue between the composers; finally, dedications that perform the function of a memorial, imprinting the sound images of a historical time or a significant event. All the types of dedications, together with the title text components, carries a certain semantic code, outlining the worldview position of the author. The purpose of the article is to consider the phenomenon of authors’ dedications based on the chamber-ensemble works by composers of various stylistic schools using a combination of analytical, historical, cultural, and musicological research methods. The scientific novelty is the analysis of the semantics of dedications of the chamber instrumental and ensemble works of composers of different historical and stylistic epochs, from Baroque, Classicism, Romanticism to our days. Results and conclusion. The author defines the dedication as an independent text that performs special function, revealing the personal and meaningful layers of the author’s intention in subtexts and background meanings and forming a certain “horizon of expectation” for future listeners / performers. Meaningful concentration on the deep psychological layers of human consciousness is a special form of embodiment in the tradition of dedication by composers in their own works: in Baroque times to the Creator for the ability to create; in the classicist epoch to listeners and sponsors; during Romanticism era – to loved ones and relatives; at the modern stage – to the outstanding personality of the artist and great historical events. Each author’s dedication enriches the presented (musical / literary) text, filling it with new meaning, “deciphering” what the author may have intended to say, and “recoding” the proposed content of the work. And, since each of these opuses is intended for public presentation, the author defines the dedication genre as a delayed, timed communication channel with potential performers, readers, and listeners for whom, alongside with the author of the artwork, there will always be a figure who inspired the realization of a certain artistic idea.
Spiritual choral music of modern Kharkiv composers: stylistic parameters
Authors: Vyshnevetska Anna
Published: March 2023

Statement of the problem. The Kharkiv composer school is rich in artists who turn to the tradition of church music and embody it in various modifications. The concert type of sacred music, reflecting the style of the postmodern era, is clearly expressed in the work of O. Shchetynsky, V. Muzhchil, I. Haidenko, M. Shukh, and others. However, it is important to pay attention to the work of composers representing the church type of culture and known only in the narrow circle of regents. The purpose of the study is to identify the stylistic features of spiritual choral works by modern Kharkiv composers Volodymyr Fainer, Liudmyla Vyshnevska, Vasyl Borysenko, whose creative activity is connected with the direct practice of temple singing. Recent research and publications showed that the choral works by V. Fainer is explored rather well, first of all, in the articles of S. Anhelovska (2010), while L. Vyshnevska‘s and V. Borysenko‘s compositions almost are not researched. The scientific novelty of the paper lies in systemating of information about V. Fainer’s work, as well as in the first experience of genre-stylistic analysis of spiritual choral works written by L. Vyshnevska and V. Borysenko. Research methods. The study of the spiritual choral work of modern Kharkiv composers required the interaction of general and special scientific tools (historical, genre-semantic, stylistic, functional-structural research methods) taking into account the concept of ‘Homo credens’ in liturgical choral genres (Shapovalova, 2010). Results and conclusion. The style of thinking of the 21st century spiritual composers is characterized by a combination of tradition and innovation, by genre diversity, and stylistic searches. The artists, whose work is focused on the traditional models and liturgical function of the spiritual genres, deserve on special attention. So, V. Fainer created his own original style of church works, using polyphonic techniques subording to contemplative prayer moods. L. Vishnevska masterful uses emotional expressive melody, colorful harmony and choral timbres, developed dramaturgy, bright climaxes, due to that her choral works can be performed both at Divine services and in concert format. V. Borysenko gravitates to the tradition of ancient orthodox church chants, varying often only one theme by harmonic and textural-timbral means. In general, their creative work is oriented towards the traditional genre model in its primary confessional source with the use of the indnvidual author’s music language. Their works are marked by a sincere prayer orientation and high spirituality, which appeals to the ethical values of Christianity, deeply rooted in the national self-consciousness of Ukrainians.
Göz Kapaklarının Primer Kötü Huylu Tümörlerinin Klinik ve Histopatolojik Özellikleri
Authors: MUTAF Çağrı , ŞİMŞEK Ali
Published: March 2023

Amaç:Kötü huylu göz kapağı tümörlerinin klinik ve histopatolojik özelliklerini bölgemiz açısından değerlendirmek.
Materyal ve metod: Ocak 2018- Eylül 2021 tarihleri arasında kliniğimizde kötü huylu kapak tümörü tanısı konulan ve takibe alınan 120 olgunun dosyaları retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Hastaların dosyalarından demografik ve klinik özellikleri, klinik ve histopatolojik tanıları, cerrahi yapılan olgularda yöntem ve takip sonuçları kaydedildi. Cerrahi yapılan tüm hastalara eksizyonel biyopsi uygulandı.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya 120 olgu dahil edildi.Hastaların 54’ü(%45) erkek, 66’sı (%55) kadın cinsiyetteydi.Hastaların yaş ortalamaları 62,5 (35-80) yıl idi.Ortalama takip süresi tüm olgular için 20,4 ay (3-36 ay) olarak saptandı. Göz kapağı kötü huylu kitlelerinin %80’inde (n=96) klinik ön tanı ile histopatolojik inceleme sonuçları uyumlu bulundu.24 olguda (%20) ameliyat öncesi klinik ön tanı ile postoperatif histopatolojik tanı farklılık gösterdi. Tüm olgularımız içinde nüks oranı %3 olarak bulundu.Nüks oranları BHK grubunda %2 ve YHK grubunda ise %5 olarak tespit edildi.Tümörlerin yerleşimine bakıldığında 80 hastada sol,40 hastada sağ göz kapağı tutulumu vardı.
Sonuç: Göz kapaklarının malign tümörlerinde cerrahi eksizyon ile birlikte histopatolojik inceleme yapılması aynı anda hem tanı koydurması hem de tedavi sağlaması nedeniyle en güvenilir seçenektir Kötü huylu kapak tümöründen şüphelenildiğinde, hastalar oküler onkoloji tecrübesi olan bir oküloplastik cerraha yönlendirilmelidir.
Cirugía laparoscópica por puerto único (LESS) en ginecología oncológica: experiencia en el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
Authors: Acosta Jesus Antonio , Merchán Abel , Alméciga Adriana , Vieira Serna Santiago , Santana Diana , Suescún Oscar , Calderón Pedro , Trujillo Lina María , Burbano Javier , Rodríguez Castillo Juliana Lucía
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: La cirugía laparoscópica por puerto único (LESS) es una técnica mínimamente invasiva de uso factible en el manejo del cáncer ginecológico. El objetivo de este artículo es describir una serie de pacientes sometidas a cirugía mínimamente invasiva por puerto único, por el grupo de ginecología oncológica del Instituto Nacional de Cancerología en Bogotá, Colombia, durante el periodo de enero de 2016 a diciembre de 2018.
Métodos: Serie de casos descriptiva, retrospectiva, de mujeres mayores de 18 años que recibieron tratamiento quirúrgico de lesiones preinvasivas cervicales, cáncer ginecológico y cirugía reductora de riesgo en la institución por la técnica de puerto único, entre noviembre de 2016 y diciembre de 2018. Se incluyeron desenlaces clínicos y quirúrgicos. Se realizó un análisis univariado en el software estadístico R Project versión 3.6.2.
Resultados: Se incluyeron para el análisis final 73 casos. La mediana de edad fue 45 años SD±9,69 (rango 27-74). El tiempo quirúrgico fue 57 minutos SD±69,96 (rango 25-380). El sangrado medio estimado fue 20cc SD±19,62 (rango 5-100). Una paciente (1,37%) requirió conversión a laparotomía y 56 (76,71%) fueron dadas de alta el mismo día del procedimiento.
Conclusión: En este estudio, la cirugía laparoscópica por puerto único demostró ser una técnica quirúrgica factible y segura para pacientes con patología oncológica ginecológica.