bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bird species contested at songbird competition in Jabodetabek Region, Indonesia
Authors: Angguni T , Mulyani Y A , Mardiastuti A
Published: May 2021

Songbird contests have been widely held in various regions lately, indicating the high interest of community towards this type of contest. The objectives of this study were to identify bird species contested in Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang and Bekasi (Jabodetabek) region, classify them based on their conservation status, and collect other information related to bird conservation efforts. Of 20 bird contests that took place during the research period (March-May 2018) it was revealed that there were 15 species of birds (12 local species, 3 foreign species) that were contested. The species that was always contested in every event was Lovebird, while other frequently contested species (>50%) were Greater Green Leafbird, White-rumped Shama, Oriental Magpie-robin, and Canary. There was one protected species, i.e., Greater Green Leafbird that was contested. Based on the IUCN threat status, one vulnerable species was contested, i.e., Greater Green Leafbird. Near threatened species contested were Chestnut-capped Thrush and Lovebird. Based on CITES category, one species listed in Appendix II was found, i.e., Hwamei, which is a foreign species. Efforts made by the organizers of bird contests in bird conservation were to hold a class of rings (markers), to ensure that the contested birds originate from captive breeding.
Population, economic value and the trade of Dalbergia latifolia in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: Atikah T D , Wardani W , Surya D
Published: May 2021

Dalbergia latifoliais a valuable rosewood timber species locally known as sonokeling. This species is naturally found in India and Indonesia even though some reported it was cultivated. Like other rosewood, this species is mainly used for musical instruments, carving, or furniture. Since allDalbergiaspecies listing in CITES Appendix II following COP 17, international trade of products derived from this species must be controlled through a licensing system in accordance with CITES provisions. This permit granting must be based on a set of scientific-sound information, such as distribution, population size, and trade system. This research aims to present the economic value and trade system of sonokeling timber through survey and interview in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. The population of the standing stock was varied, between 12-34 individual/400m2. Most of the local farmers treat the species as an additional source of income following its rising economic value since the listing. Previously, people use it only for firewood that traded with some low prices. The change has brought the provincial government to impose a regulation for sonokeling trade activities in West Nusa Tenggara.
Hydrogel patch from liquid smoke and vitamin K Collard Greens extract for wound healing applications
Authors: Saputra S , Wibisono G , Ramadhani E , Dewi T
Published: May 2021

Wound care by using wound dressing has been evolved available in various physical forms including hydrogels with the highest global use reaching 43%. Nowadays, hydrogels are available at high cost because produced from synthetic materials, so natural materials are needed to obtain antibacterial wound dressing. This study aims to analyze the hydrogel patch PVA/chitosan/starch infused liquid smoke and vitamin K collard greens extract which are antibacterial effects and accelerates wound healing. This study was a laboratory experiment. Collard greens were extracted by using the Direct Solvent Extraction II method. The membrane characteristic tested using SEM test. The parallel streak method (AATCC 147-2004) was used for antibacterial testing. The hydrogel patch application was carried out on 28 male Rattus norvegicus strain wistar rats. They were given incisions wound and treated by a control group and 3 treatment groups and conducted wound healing analysis on the 4th,7th,11th and 14th day observation. The antibacterial test showed the hydrogel patch infused liquid smoke with a concentration of 12% was the optimum concentration inhibiting S. aureus. In conclusion, the hydrogel patch has a smooth and porous surface, can be inhibited the growth of S. aureus, and proven to completely heal the animal wound.
Detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in clinical samples using Real-Time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR)
Authors: Atikana A , Sukmarini L , Hariyatun  , Ridwanulah A M , Nugroho H A , Sushadi P S , Juanssilfero A B , Agustiyanti D F , Putra M Y , Ningrum R A , Lisdiyanti P
Published: May 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by an infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has infected more than 400,000 people, causing a worldwide pandemic. As of August 15, 2020, as many as 111,455 cases of COVID-19 have been confirmed in Indonesia with 6,071 deaths that have been recorded thus far. Quantitative real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) has been used as a gold standard to detect the infection of SARS-CoV-2 in many clinical samples due to its sensitivity and specificity. In Indonesia, one of the recommended and commonly used diagnostic kit for COVID-19 was MiRXES Fortitude Kit 2.0E under the license of Singapore’s Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore. Aiming to assess the basic analytical and clinical performance of the MiRXES Fortitude Kit 2.0E, this study prepares serial dilutions of the provided positive control to establish PCR efficiency and to estimate the limit of detection. Moreover, a panel of SARS-CoV-2-positive-clinical samples (nasopharyngeal swab specimens) was tested to preliminarily evaluate the kit’s sensitivity on clinical samples. This study is expected to provide valuable assessment information for laboratories that develop routine diagnostic protocols for COVID-19, especially those using the MiRXES Fortitude Kit (A*Star, Singapore).
Capture and intermediate purification of human insulin precursor from Pichia pastoris culture using cation exchange chromatography
Authors: Putro E W , Nurdiani D , Hariyatun  , Utami N , Kusharyoto W
Published: May 2021

Purification has an important role in obtaining protein with a high degree of purity, particularly for human therapeutic purposes. Purification of pharmaceutical proteins requires several unit operations, involving chromatographic separation techniques. To increase purification efficiency and shorten process development, it is necessary to examine the chromatography system in performing a capture and intermediate purification in a single step. We use one of the best Pichia pastoris clones obtained from previous studies to produce a human insulin precursor (HIP). To capture and purify HIP from the culture, we clarified the cells through centrifugation and filtration. The supernatant was then loaded into a cation exchange column. Purification was carried on by two-step elution and monitored based on UV absorbance. Effects of loading concentration, flow rate, and pH of samples were evaluated. Fractions of elution were collected and verified by SDS-PAGE. Concentrations of HIP protein were quantified by using ImageJ by incorporating lysozyme as standard and reversed phase HPLC. Loading concentration and pH of the sample have an impact on the recovery. In this study, the best HIP recovery at ∼ 47% resulted from purification with 10% volume of loading concentration and 500 ml loading volume.
Increase in vitamin levels to improve shoot growth of diploid, triploid and tetraploid taro cultured in liquid medium
Authors: Wulansari A , Ermayanti T M , Purwito A , Sukma D
Published: May 2021

Taro (Colocasia esculenta(L.) Schott) is one of important food crop in many countries including Indonesia, which has big diversity of taro germplasm. Tissue culture is anin vitrotechnique to mass-propagated propagules. Modification of the medium compositions is required to obtain the best growth of plantlets. This research was aimed to accelerate growth of taro shoot cultures by increasing of the vitamin levels added on MS liquid medium using three different ploidy levels of taro. Experiments were designed by increasing three kind of vitamin B i.e. thiamine, pyridoxine and nicotinic acid to 100-fold of the normal concentrations. Shoots were cultured for 4 weeks. Growth was determined by recording shoot numbers, petiole length, leaf and root numbers of culture. The results showed that increase in vitamin B levels affected growth of taro culture. Increase in nicotinic acid gave the best petiole length for Bentul diploid (5.39 cm), increase in pyridoxine concentration enhanced root numbers (6.7 roots). For Satoimo triploid, increase in thiamine combined with nicotinic acid gave the best for root numbers (8.7 roots). For Bentul tetraploid, increase in pyridoxine accelerated shoot numbers (1.3 shoots). Growth of Satoimo triploid was the best compared to both Bentul diploid and tetraploid.
Growth response of shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) seedlings cultured on MS solid and liquid medium supplemented with BAP, Thiamine and Adenine Sulphate
Authors: Rantau D E , Wulandari D R , Maharijaya A
Published: May 2021

True Shallot Seeds (TSS) is the best choice of cultivation over bulb materials because it offers disease-free plants, produces larger size bulbs, and reduces cost production. In vitro propagation is an alternative method to overcome the TSS development problems. This research aimed to evaluate the growth response of shallot (Allium ascalonicum) cv Tuktuk seedlings, cultured on MS solid and liquid media with agitation supplemented with BAP, Thiamine and Adenine Sulphate. The solid MS medium was used to germinate TSS, followed by growth seedlings at control and treatment media. The experiments were carried out in a Completely Randomized Design with 4 replicates. Data were collected 8 weeks after planting. In vitro germination results showed that 5.96% of seeds started to germinate at the first week and reached 19.82% after four weeks of planting. After 8 weeks in the culture of TSS seedlings, shoots had better growth on solid medium compared to in liquid medium. The addition of BAP, Thiamine and Adenine did not significantly influence the growth of seedlings culture. Bulbs-like bodies were formed in all media. A higher concentration of plant growth regulators might be needed to enhance in vitro propagation of TSS seedlings.
Selection of highly productive clove trees in the Anambas population
Authors: Bermawie N , Wahyuni S , Ginting R
Published: May 2021

The productivity of cloves in Indonesia is low, probably due to the use of inferior seeds. The success of plant cultivation is determined by many factors, including the use of quality seeds. This study aims to select high-yielding clove trees, which can be recommended as a quality source of seeds. The research was conducted in Anambas Islands Regency, in a population of cloves belonging to a farmer. A highly productive population was selected as the genetic material following the guidelines for selecting the clove population. Furthermore, highly productive mother trees were selected from this population with the criteria of production average 80 kg tree−1. In addition to their production potential, their morphological characters and chemical compound content were also observed. Twenty mother trees with a production potential of more than 100 kg of flowers tree−1 were selected as high yielding trees. The morphological characters of the selected trees do not resemble any of the released varieties. The content of essential oils and main chemical components is following the Indonesian National Standard of clove quality. Twenty highly productive trees can be recommended for further research for use as sources of quality seeds.
Phytochemical compounds identification of three bajakah species (Salacia sp., Uncaria acida, and Uncaria gambir) using GC-MS pyrolysis
Authors: Paramita P P , Tata H L
Published: May 2021

Bajakah is a woody-liana known for traditional medicine by the Dayak and Banjar tribes in Central Kalimantan. Three bajakah, which were identified as Salacia sp., Uncaria acida, and Uncaria gambir, were collected from their natural habitats in peatland hydrological unit of Sebangau–Kahayan rivers. GC-MS pyrolysis was used to analyze the identity of phytochemical compounds in the wood and bark of bajakah. The results showed that phytochemical compounds were varied both in the woods and barks which ranges from 30 to 40 types, with the largest component is phenol. Seven phytochemical compounds were not identified. Phenolic compounds varied among 3-8 types. The next step was determining total flavonoid and phenol content using Folin-Ciocalteu method. Results showed that bark of Uncaria acida has the highest total phenol and flavonoid content, which were 0.013% and 0.028%, respectively. Wood of Salacia sp. has the lowest total phenolic and flavonoid content, which were 0.013% and 0.028%, respectively. The commercial bajakah that are usually sold in the market, which was unidentified, has medium total phenolic and flavonoid content, which are 0.010% and 0.025%, respectively. In summary, the composition and content of phytochemical compounds in bajakah were determined by the species.
Evaluation of parboiled rice by-product as a ruminant feed: in vitro digestibility and methane production
Authors: Fidriyanto R , Ridwan R , Watman M , Adi E B M , Mulyaningsih E S , Jayanegara A , Astuti W D , Rohmatussolihat  , Sari N F , Widyastuti Y
Published: May 2021

Solid waste generated by parboiled rice industry are rice bran, rice husk and broken rice. Broken rice can be used for cattle feed as energy source. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of parboiling process on the in vitro rumen fermentation. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized block design with 2 rice varieties (LIPI Go 1 and Sintanur) as blocks, 2 different soaking periods (30 and 60 minutes) as treatments and 3 replications. Parboiling treatment was significantly (P<0.05) increased crude protein, organic matter, and crude fiber, but decreased ether extract and solubility. LIPI Go 1 produced higher (P<0.05) gas (11.18%), but lower (P<0.05) gas production rate (52.38%) and methane (10.27%). Soaking rice grain for 30 and 60 minutes decreased rumen dry matter digestibility by 6.13% and 8.90% and increased post rumen dry matter digestibility by 10.41% and 10.43%, respectively. Moreover, 3.55% and 6.84% from total samples of parboiled rice treated by 30 minutes and 60 minutes soaking periods were digested in the ileum. As ruminant feed, parboiled rice decreased methane and digestibility in rumen, and increased the digestibility in post rumen and ileum.
The effect of Aceh’s natural stone presence on the growth, produced biomass and primary metabolites production of Chlorella vulgaris LIPI12-AL042
Authors: Praharyawan S , Rachmayati R
Published: May 2021

This study sought to evaluate the influence of natural stone presence that was collected from Aceh Province, on the growth and the production of biomass, protein, total sugar and lipid of the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris LIPI12-AL042. Aceh’s natural stone used in this study were nephrite jade (NJ) and black jade (BJ) which were known to possess different minerals composition. The cellular growth of microalgae in terms of biomass yield and its productivity increased significantly (13,38%) under the presence of BJ stone compared to the control. Different results of reduced biomass yield and its productivity were demonstrated by the microalgae culture under the influence of NJ stone’s presence compared to the control. In terms of total sugar, both stones exhibited superior results over the control. The protein content and its yield of the Chlorella vulgaris LIPI12-AL042 cultivated under the influence of the stones demonstrated less quantity over the control.
The structure characteristic of IAA n-acetyl-transferase enzyme produced by two species of bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)
Authors: Putrie R F W , Aryantha I N P , Iriawati  , Antonius S
Published: May 2021

Exogenic indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) hormone has been known to be produced by plant-associated bacteria for regulating plant growth and development. The genus of Bacillus as the most common colonizer of the plant has the capability to produce this hormone. IAA n-acetyltransferase is an enzyme that plays role in the production of tryptophan-dependent IAA hormone on bacteria. Generally, enzymes as proteins have certain characteristics according to their function. The aim of this study was to compare and analyze the protein structure characteristics of IAA n-acetyltransferase enzyme produced by two species of Bacillus, such as B. subtilis and B. amyloliquefaciens. The analytical modeling based on NCBI database showed that protein structure characteristics produced by these species are similar to 3D protein models and the types of amino acids that build up the enzyme. However, the amount of α-helix, β-sheet and the number of amino acids that make up it remains different. In addition, another similarity was also found that the enzymes of the two species do not have transmembrane proteins. These results can contribute to theoretical knowledge related to the characteristics of structural proteins from enzymes involved in IAA hormone production.
Assessment of irrigation water interval on maize in dryland in central sulawesi
Authors: Irmadamayanti A , Muchtar  , Wahyuni A N , Padang I S , Saidah  , Syafruddin
Published: May 2021

Dryland agriculture has many problems, one of which is the limited level of water availability. The water supply interval is able to use water efficiently with the maximum possible yield potential. This study aims to determine the time of giving water that can give optimum results in maize cultivation in dry climates. The research was conducted at the Sidondo III Agricultural Technology Research and Assessment Installation, Sigi Biromaru District, Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi. The activity was carried out from March to July 2019. The method used was Randomized Block Design using Bima 15 Variety with four water treatment intervals (Control, 8 days, 14 days and 18 days) and each was repeated 3 (three) times. Interval treatment of giving water every 8 days gave better growth and yield compared to other water treatment intervals, namely each 114.67 cm plant height, 10.40 strands number of leaves, 1.51 cm stem diameter, 16.70 cm cob length, 4.36 cm cob diameter, 38 seeds each row, 171.33 grams of 5 cob weight sample, 26. 86 grams weight of jenggel and 6.63 tons / ha yield.
Metagenomic analysis of pathogen mastitis in cow’s milk from Cicurug, Sukabumi, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Kusumawati A , Mustopa A Z , Wibawan I W T , Setiyono A , Sudarwanto M B
Published: May 2021

Mastitis is a complex disease in cattle that it involves interactions between management practices and infectious agents. The common microorganisms causing mastitis are bacteria, besides this disease can be caused by mycoplasma, algae, and yeast. Pathogen microorganisms in milk can be obtained from cattle, human hands, equipment and the environment. This study aims to analyze the metagenomic of pathogen mastitis in cow’s milk from Cicurug, Sukabumi, West Java. ZymoBIOMICSTMDNA Miniprep Kit was used for genome isolation to metagenomic analysis. The 16S rRNA PCR amplification was used for analysis the results of miniprep. Metagenomic analysis from subclinical mastitis milk showed that bacteria in cow’s milk were the genera ofCorynebacterium_1(20.53 %),Corynebacterium(11.67%),Solibacillus(8.78%),Romboutsia(5.45%),Micrococcus(4.18%),Acinetobacter(3.64%),Aerosphaera(1.94%),Ignavigranum(1.90%),Lysinibacillus(1.49%), andStaphylococcus(1.38%).
The properties of cement boards reinforced with coconut coir fiber (Cocos nucifera) as building materials
Authors: Budiman I , Sumarno A , Triastuti  , Prasetyo A M , Maidina  , Widodo E , Akbar F , Subiyanto B , Nugroho A
Published: May 2021

Cement board is a composite made from lignocellulosic biomass or other materials and bonded with cement, that has advantages such as fire and termite resistance, and can use for some purposes. The cement board’s quality is affected by the biomass’s chemical components, especially hemicellulose and extractives. Treatment to reduce the content of these two compounds in fiber can improve the cement board quality. This study aimed to evaluate the cement board’s properties reinforced with coconut coir fiber (CCF). Pretreatment was performed on fibers by soaking in cold water for 24 hours and soaking in hot water for 1 hour to reduce the chemical compounds. The ratio between fiber-cement used varied to 1:2.75, 1:3.0, and 1:3.25 based on weight, while magnesium chloride (MgCl2) uses at 2.5% of cement weight as an accelerator. The mixtures hand-matt formed and cold-pressed for 24 hours, with a density of the board was 1.25 g/cm3. The panels kept for 28 days before tested. Physical and mechanical tests conducted according to ISO 8335-1987. Results showed that the cement board’s physical and mechanical properties made from CCF soaked in hot water at the ratio fiber to the cement of 1:3.25 is the best properties compared to others.
The quality of compost made from mixture of Mucuna bracteata and oil palm empty fruit bunch
Authors: Sakiah  , Saragih D A , Sukariawan A , Guntoro  , Bakti A S
Published: May 2021

Mucuna bracteata and Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) forages are large amount of palm oil plantation wastes, but they have not optimally utilized yet. This study analyzed the compost from forage of M. bracteata combined with OPEFB. The study used a complete non factorial randomized design with different treatment composition of M. bracteata and OPEFB as compost material, that is: 100% OPEFB, 75% OPEFB + 25% M. bracteata, 50% OPEFB + 50% M.bracteata, 25% OPEFB + 75% M. bracteata, and 100% M. bracteata. The results showed the differences of M. bracteata and OPEFB as forage composition were significantly affected the content of N, K, and compost yield but did not significantly affect the content of P and C/N ratio of compost. The average of compost C-organic content is 35.97-39.14%, N is 2.3-4.42%, P is 0.53-0.64%, K is 3.75-6.59%, C/N ratio is 8.9-17.9, and compost yield is 56-69%. The greater the composition of M. bracteata, the higher the N content of the compost, but K content is lower and vice versa. If the composting was using OPEFB and M. bracteata as the materials, it is suggested to use a composition of 75% OPEFB and 25% M. bracteata.
Toxic effects of different particle size ZnO NPs on marine microalgae Chlorella sp.
Authors: Wei Ming , Wang Yu
Published: May 2021

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are widely used and will inevitably be released into the marine environment, which will have a serious impact on the microalgae in the ocean, and the toxicity of the NPs is closely related to its size. In this study, it was found that small particles of ZnO are more toxic to photosynthesis. The content of SOD and MDA are significantly increased, indicating that oxidative stress has occurred and the cell membrane has been destroyed. The results show that the NPs with smaller size had the higher toxicity to microalgae.
Influence Study of CO2 Flooding on Formation Oil Parameters in Ultra-Low Permeability Oilfield
Authors: Li Minghui
Published: May 2021

In ultra-low permeability reservoir, the fluid permeability is poor, the productivity is low, and the recovery factor is low in conventional way. As an oil displacement agent, CO2 has obvious effect of increasing oil and reducing water in oil and gas development. It can not only improve oil recovery, but also store CO2 and reduce carbon emissions, which has double benefits for environmental protection and oilfield production. CO2 flooding pilot test was carried out in ultra-low permeability Y oilfield in 2007, which has been developed for 14 years. Through the research and practice of CO2 flooding in ultra-low permeability oilfield, this paper systematically summarizes the influence of CO2 injection on formation oil. The results show that: with the increase of CO2 injection, the rise range of saturation pressure becomes smaller; the dissolved gas oil ratio and expansion coefficient increase, the range becomes larger; the density and viscosity decrease, the range becomes smaller; the minimum miscible pressure of produced fluid in multiple contact decreases gradually. CO2 can extract light components. With the decrease of light components, the proportion of components above C18 begins to increase, and the main peak carbon is between C13 and C23. At present, the block is in the initial stage of gas breakthrough, and the effect of oil increase is obvious, which provides a reference for the technology and practice of gas injection to enhance oil recovery in other types of reservoirs.
Study on Flow Instability in Natural Cycle Parallel Channel Based on RELAP5
Authors: Meng Haibo , Zhu Haoqiang , Wang Tianyao
Published: May 2021

The natural circulation was widely adopted in the design of new and advance reactors due to its passive nature. Given the facts that the instabilities in a natural circulation system with multi-channel structure showed great complexity and threatened the safety of the plant, the phenomena of instabilities presented in a natural circulation system with 4 parallel heated channels was simulated and analyzed by using RELAP5 code. The results showed that there were 3 different types of instabilities dominated by subcooled boiling, flashing and saturated boiling respectively and the mechanisms were interpreted.
Analysis and Evaluation of the Drying Effect in Tight Sandstone Reservoirs
Authors: Guo Jingjing , Jiang Jianchao , Wang Sibo
Published: May 2021

As hydraulic fracturing technology has been widely used in the exploitation of tight gas sandstone reservoirs, the retention of hydraulic fracturing fluid will cause water locking damage to tight gas sandstone reservoirs and it can seriously affect the development of gas reservoirs. Selective injection of drying agents into tight sandstone reservoirs can effectively decrease water saturation and improve gas seepage capacity. Based on the laboratory orthogonal experiments, the injection parameters of drying agents are optimized. Results show that the improvement of gas permeability reaches its best when the concentration of the main drying agent is 1g/L, the injection volume is 4 PV, the injection rate is 0.2 mL/min, the reaction time is 70 min, the reaction temperature is 120 °C, the injection volume of post-positioning fluid is 4 PV, and the reverse displacement time is 90 min. In addition, the higher the irreducible water saturation of the tight core, the greater the increment of gas phase permeability after drying reaction and the higher the degree of water saturation reduction.
Feasibility analysis of large scale horizontal fractrue fracturing in Block N
Authors: Tang Yan
Published: May 2021

After entering the ultra-high water cut stage, it is more and more difficult to tap the potential of remaining oil, especially in Block N, the conventional measures are not ideal and lack of effective measures to tap the potential. This paper describes the principle of large-scale horizontal fracture fracturing technology, analyzes the distribution characteristics of remaining oil in Block N, compares the effect of large-scale horizontal fracture fracturing measures, and initially provides the direction for the follow-up measures to tap potential.
Application of skin factor in low water cut stage of tertiary oil recovery
Authors: Gao Hongbin
Published: May 2021

The application of skin factor can evaluate the change of formation seepage capacity, and the positive and negative value of skin factor can effectively judge the pollution situation of formation skin area. Combined with well test data, this paper analyzes and applies skin factor change of central well after tertiary oil recovery enters low water cut stage. The skin factor is used to classify well test curves, qualitatively analyze well test curves, evaluate single well productivity, and put forward relevant opinions and measures. Furthermore, the change of formation permeability can be judged by the change range of skin factor, and the productivity of fracturing measures can be quantitatively evaluated by referring to the relevant technical limits of fracturing measures. It achieves the degree of using skin factor to evaluate productivity, and achieves good effect of increasing oil and reducing water after being applied to single well evaluation.
A method for predicting fracturing productivity
Authors: Du Zhichao
Published: May 2021

With the development of oil field, it enters the period of super high water cut and measuring well selection is becoming more and more difficult. In order to forecast well productivity more scientific and reasonable after fracturing, this paper presents a method of predicting production after fracturing (factor analysis-formula deduction-instance validation). Its basic idea is that, firstly analysing all factors affecting fracturing productivity, and then using the orthogonal design method to quantify the main factors according to the influence weight, again fitting production forecasting out formulas after fracturing according to the score situation by a statistical principle, finally production forecasting formulas for instance analysis to verify its rationality. The results of the research results show that the prediction method can basically accurately predict the productivity after fracturing and can effectively meet the needs of oilfield development, and provide a reliable theoretical basis for well selection and formation selection in fracturing plan.
Exploration of efficient lifting method for rod pumped well
Authors: Jiang Cong
Published: May 2021

Up to now, the lifting technology of oil well is mainly adopted by pumping unit. The basic principle of this process design is to adpot continuous pumping method, keep the balance of supply and production, and ensure certain pumping efficiency. In order to further improve the efficiency of collection fluid in pit shaft and lifting in bottom-hole, and realize the goal of increasing production and saving energy, we carry out the test in field and obtain the way of efficient lifting.
Design of additional excitation controller based on H ∞
Authors: Hou Qiuhua , Meng Fanmin , Liu Xiaoyu , Qi Xiaoyan , Chen Xuju , Ding Huifang , Zhang Qing
Published: May 2021

This paper presents an additional excitation controller using wide area information without delay. Firstly, the mathematical model of the system is established according to the state equation of the system, and then the parameters are calculated by using the H ∞ theory and the relevant knowledge of linear matrix inequality. Finally, the control effect is verified by simulation in Matlab/Simulink, and the transmission of wide area information is simulated by truetime2.0 toolbox.
Scheme analysis of Bath modification in West Campus of Beijing University of Chemical Technology
Authors: Yang Yuhua , Zhang Fan , Yang Shuya
Published: May 2021

Air-resource heat pump, as a Green energy-saving equipment, which converts low potential energy into high potential energy, is commonly used as an auxiliary heat source of solar energy. Air-resource heat pump is driven by electric energy, makes heat (cold) quantity with ambient air as cold (hot) source. It can not only refrigerate in summer, but also heat in winter [1]. This article analyzes the current situation of the public bathroom in a university, updates and selects the equipment according to the new requirements, and reasonably adjusts and uses the original system device, and adds an automatic control system. After reconstruction, it meets the use requirement and achieves the purpose of energy conservation. Finally, the article also gives some advice of further modification.
An Enhanced Mathematical Model For Cloud Based Data Oriented Job Analysis
Authors: Manishankar S , Anand Santosh
Published: May 2021

Data processing or data analytics is the common functionality that is attached to most of the real world applications. The amount of processing required for data oriented tasks or jobs are quiet high. To resolve the processing issue the most common approach deployed is by using a high performance cluster. Setting a cluster over real time infrastructure leads to a very expensive solution. A Cloud based infrastructure remains as an ideal support for setting up a cluster. Managing the cluster over a Cloud is a challenging task as allocation of infrastructure based on the task schedule is a critical parameter. The proposed mathematical model introduces a strategy to allocate the infrastructure and manage the load of the cluster based on Queuing model. The experimental setup is made on top of private cloud and Hadoop based data processing jobs are tested. The proposed data oriented resource optimizer enhances the performance of the cluster by balancing the increased load due to data processing jobs. The result shows the enhanced improvement in performance compared to default resource manager.
Crash Test Analysis Of Bumpers Ofautomobiles Using Ls-Dyna
Authors: Chaure Aman , Mathur Gaurav , Babu T Narendiranath
Published: May 2021

This article deals with calculations of deformation and failure of the bumpers of vehicles at different speeds against different obstacles. The main aim of bumpers is to absorb the impact energy in the form of stain energy and efficiently transfer it to the chassis to avoid permanent deformation of the whole frame of any motor vehicle. Different materials have been tried out with and without supporting structures (Ribs) which are known to increase the overall strength of the bumpers while keeping the weight to a minimum. In this experiment, 3 metals namely Sheet Iron, Aluminum and Titanium of varying thickness. Using LD-DYNA 108 cases were implemented. If the component passes the test, the Factor of Safety, Max Stress and the Trends in Variation of these parameters were calculated, the Max Energy Absorbed, Transmitted, the Time required for Failure are extrapolated from the data. Comparisons are drawn between failure, with and without support structures. In the end, overall effectiveness of the support structures in enhancing the load transfer, absorbing strain energy and increasing factor of safety while keeping the mass in check.
Design And Analysis Of Aluminum Matrix Composite Piston
Authors: Saleem M. , Shiva Sam Kumar G , Rosh Suresh A. Ashique
Published: May 2021

The Piston is meant to be the maximum load withstanding structure in an internal combustion engine. The Piston of an IC engine is assigned to transform thermal energy into mechanical energy by expanding gases and to sustain for a longer period. To increase the lifetime and thermal resistance of the piston, the material should have higher strength to density ratio and lower coefficient of thermal expansion. Thus, the study of reinforced Aluminum metal (A2024 alloy) as a frame and organic compound (fly ash) as a filler or matrix (metal matrix or hybrid composites), which has higher strength to weight ratio is done and this paper deals with the determination and study of structural and thermal stress distribution on Piston made of Aluminum Matrix Composite. A piston model is prepared in CATIA V5R20 (Modelling software) and the properties is examined using CAE software (ANSYS).
Design and Analysis of Composite Micro Aerial Vehicle
Authors: Saleem M , Raj Nishant Kumar , Gupta Shreshth , Ramesh Izate Sunny
Published: May 2021

Now a day getting materials which suit our requirement is very tough, so today almost all the industries are going to composite materials. Reinforced and matrix combination giving for new material which has high strength and reduction in weight ratio. These materials are called composites. This research work represents Aluminium matrix composite produced by stir casting techniques. Aluminium matrix composites have less weight, low cost and high stiffness. Composites are used in aerospace industries for reduction in weight. Aluminium matrix composites are tested under various mechanical tests and we’re carried out the characteristics. In this work micro aerial vehicle is designed by using CATIA. Structural and flow analysis were carried out by computational methods.
Design Optimisation Of Spur Gear Using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Ajay Pillai K , Ray Aritra Guha , Kaul Shivam , Babu T Narendiranath
Published: May 2021

Gears are one of the most commonly used power transmission mechanisms in most types of machinery and. The design of gears is highly complicated involving the satisfaction of many constraints such as strength, pitting resistance, bending stress, scoring wear, and interference in involute gears. In addition, using conventional or traditional optimization techniques to solve this problem could not give optimum results. In this study, a spur gear pair was modelled and was subjected to static structural analyses for varying gear material. Stress analyses and deformation analyses were performed for each material and the optimum design for reduced weight structural stability was chosen. The design was then subjected to optimisation by Genetic Algorithm. A stochastic approach as a Genetic Algorithm (GA) is applied in this paper to find the optimal combination of design parameters for minimum weight of spur gears. The purpose of this study is minimizing the weight and the centre distance of one pair of spur gears. This objective was accomplished by the means of the GA under some constraint such as bending strength, a contact stress and each dimension conditions of gears, which must be satisfied. The results are calculated by using MATLAB tools of Genetic algorithm with three type of materials, which are alloy steel, cast iron, and epoxy glass composites.
Design, Analysis, Control and Manufacturing of a Head Massaging Machine
Authors: Chaure Aman , Rajkumar E
Published: May 2021

Nowadays, a lot of people are suffering from unexpected Headaches at odd hours of the day due to their hectic schedule and busy lifestyle. Many devices for massage therapy have already been introduced in the market for the same but none of them are actually worth the price as they fail to deliver the quick necessary relief. For overcoming this problem, we have come up with a new design for head massaging which mainly works on the ideal concept of massage therapy by pressing the optimum pressure points located at the extremes of the forehead. The novelty of this paper lies in the mechanism involved that will help us to achieve the desired output. We will be presenting the complete design, control and manufacturing for the product by a series of simulations which will includes Linear Static Stress analysis for evaluating the strength of the design which can produce the right amount of force, Vibrational/Modal Frequency response for analysing the stability while functioning, Fatigue Test for evaluating the maximum stress the design can bear for a good life and finally comes the Thermal Analysis for evaluating the heat dissipation from the electronics. The Computer Aided Design will be developed on SOLIDWORKS Software and the Finite Element Simulations will be conducted on ANSYS for optimization. Some post simulations will also be conducted such as drop test for evaluating the chances of sudden failure under the circumstances of impact loading. At last there will be a complete manufacturing planning for the entire design along with its DFMA planning.
Fuzzy Logic based Digital Hydraulics Control of Blade Pitch Angle in Wind Turbines
Authors: Narayanan V. Lakshmi , Ramakrishnan R.
Published: May 2021

Pitch control system is generally employed in wind turbine to mitigate load and maintain uniform power generation at above-rated wind speed regions. Hydraulic system has more power to weight ratio and so it is incorporated in the pitch system of large scale wind turbines. Some of the issues related to the usage of conventional valves in Hydraulic Pitch System (HPS) are: internal leakage, throttling losses, high power loss, less fault-tolerant, requires high manufacturing tolerance and more sensitive to contamination. In order to overcome these issues, digital hydraulics technology should be introduced as Digital Hydraulics Pitch System (DHPS). Commercially, Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller is used as pitch controller but these controller performance doesn’t hold good when excessive disturbance or change in operating point occurs in the system. So, heuristic-based Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) is preferred which has the ability to surpass the PID problems. In this paper, heuristic FLC based control strategy is proposed for a novel DHPS configuration to control the pitching action. Simulation model of DHPS is developed and system simulations are conducted. The comparative study on the effectiveness of FLC for DHPS and conventional valve controlled HPS is conducted.
Improving The Efficiency of Stationary Concrete Pumps Using Whitworth Quick Return Mechanism
Authors: Shyam Suraj , Kaul Shivam , Jesudoss Johnson , Babu Narendiranath
Published: May 2021

The objective of this paper is to study the working of concrete pumps and to establish an alternative mechanism that would enhance their efficiency. A concrete pump is a machine used for transferring semi-solid, ready-mix concrete by pumping. As observed from the analysis of their functioning, it was evident that the transition of energy from mechanical to hydraulic, and back to mechanical during the process was accompanied with significant energy loss, which comprehensively reduced the efficiency of the concrete pump. A great proportion of this energy was lost through heat dissipation. Reducing the number of energy conversions posed to be a promising concept, for which the usage of hydraulic system in the current setup was to be withdrawn. The Whitworth Quick Return mechanism sufficed as a suitable alternative for the required purpose. It was observed from the mathematical analysis of the new mechanism that the theoretical flow rate increased from 45m3/h to 73m3/h, indicating a higher volume of concrete being pumped at the same input energy supply.
Modelling and Simulation of an Upper Hand Prosthetic
Authors: Mathur Gaurav , Chaure Aman , Biswas Devyani , Raghuraman DRS
Published: May 2021

This paper deals with the mechanical aspects that are taken into consideration while constructing a prosthetic arm. In the beginning, the design of the arm has been discussed at length. This section includes both-the part wise and the overall design made on modeling software. This is followed by explaining the movement of the arm. The parameters have been discussed in the section of the forward kinematics of the arm. The reverse engineering used in the design process is discussed. The material used has been covered towards the end. Finally, all these concepts have been put to use in a prototype developed by this team whose description is provided at the end of the paper.
Optimizing a Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting System
Authors: Voleti Anant R. , Singh Shivam K. , Raghuraman D. R. S , Vijayakumar Niranjan , Tanushree D , Balan A.S.S
Published: May 2021

The piezoelectric effect, through which some materials can convert mechanical stress to electrical energy and vice versa, sees a wide array of applications due to its ease of implementation and effectiveness at smaller scales. Piezoelectric materials have emerged in applications such as structural health monitoring and piezo-based smart structures. One such application is energy harvesting; piezoelectric materials can be used to provide power for micro scale devices, in part due to their high efficiency. However, the significantly lower power output of these transducers limits their applicability. This study focuses on comparing different configurations of a piezoelectric energy harvesting system for a motor. By modelling several configurations, this study aims to identify the configuration with the highest sustainable power output.
Optimizing the process parameters in Friction stir Spot Welding Of Dissimilar Aluminum Alloys Using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Suryanarayanan R , Sridhar V.G.
Published: May 2021

Welding of dissimilar aluminum alloys by Resistance spot welding and Self-piercing rivets requires high energy consumption, increased cycle time, and costs. Friction stir spot welding (FSSW) is one of the best alternative welding techniques to join dissimilar aluminum alloys with the help of frictional heat and plastic deformation. However, the drawback of this process is the keyhole left behind by the tool. Hence this study focusses on avoiding the keyhole post welding process by the use of pinless tools to join thin sheets of Al 6061 and Al 5754. The influence of process parameters such as tool rotational speed, plunging speed, dwell time, plunge depth, and shoulder diameter was studied on the Tensile shear force of the joint. The optimal welding condition was predicted with the help of the Genetic algorithm. The confirmation tests showed that the predicted optimal conditions were in closer agreement to the experimental value.
Robust Fractional Order Controller for sn Expendable Launch Vehicle
Authors: Varghese Elizabeth , Dasgupta S , Savier J S
Published: May 2021

Fractional calculus is an interdisciplinary area with multifarious applications especially in control systems due to more flexible parameters to adjust the dynamic behaviour of all the physical systems. This paper presents a fractional order controller structure for an expendable launch vehicle during ascent phase. The launch vehicle has highly flexible and unstable dynamic model, and in addition to that unpredictable control issues are caused by the sloshing of liquid propellants and the inertia problems of the engines. Under these circumstances controller with large robustness margins are required to meet deviations in model parameters which are unknown before the actual flight. The rigid body dynamics of the vehicle is considered for designing fractional order controller to overcome all these control issues. The robustness of fractional order controller is compared with existing classical controller for 20% variations in the aerodynamic coefficients. The stability margins of the open loop transfer function with all plant dynamics shows the supremacy of the proposed controller over the classical controller. The control inputs to launch vehicles, in the form of attitude commands, are affected by the wind. Hence the designed fractional controller simulated under the wind disturbance input and the result shows disturbance rejection capability of controller.
SIMULATION OF BALLISTIC IMPACT ON DIFFERENT COMPOSITE SAMPLES OF BULLET PROOF VEST
Authors: Narendiranath Babu T , Singh Anhad Preet , Reddy Nagireddy Sudershan , Murpani Dhairya
Published: May 2021

This paper presents the simulation results of ballistic impact tests on sample of composite material. The materials used are Kevlar 29, Carbon Fiber, E-Glass Fiber and Steel 1006. In simulation test, we used 9mm parabellum bullet having velocity of 400 m/s. The cad and analysis were done in Ansys Workbench Explicit Dynamics. The result was compared within different combinations of composite material and the most efficient and cost - effective composite material was chosen.