bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ULTRAVIOLET SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD DEVELOPMENT FOR ESTIMATION OF NEW ANTIVIRAL REPURPOSING DRUG FAVIPIRAVIR
Authors: JYOTHI B JEEVANA , KAVYA R VENKATA
Published: July 2021

Objective: A new, economical, precise, linear, sensitive, accurate, ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometric method for the estimation of new antiviral repurposing drug favipiravir as there is no reported simple UV spectrophotometric method for estimation. The efforts were made for development and validation of favipiravir as per ICH guidelines, because drug has a wide scope for formulations to be developed for treating different viruses.

Methods: This method was developed using ethanol and water as a solvent. Favipiravir showed the absorption maxima at 234 nm. A Shimadzu UV–visible spectrophotometer (UV JAPAN 1801) was used to carry out spectral analysis.

Results: The developed method was linear for a range of 0–10 μg/ml and displayed a good correlation coefficient of 0.9995. Accuracy of the method was estimated using a recovery study. The amount of drug recovered was found to be in the range of 99.30–99.91%. The % relative standard deviation value of intraday precision was found to be 0.408% and interday precision was found to be in the range of 0.348–0.693%. The % relative standard deviation found to be <2 which are indicative of the precision and reproducibility of the method. Detection limit and quantitation limit were noticed as 0.095 and 0.290, respectively.

Conclusion: The developed UV spectrophotometric method was validated statistically for linearity, accuracy, precision, and sensitivity and results proved that the method can be employed for routine analysis of favipiravir.
FORMULATION AND IN VIVO EVALUATION OF SELF-NANOEMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM OF RAMIPRIL IN WISTAR RATS
Authors: JAYAPAL NALLAPU , VAMSHI VISHNU YAMSANI
Published: July 2021

Objective: The aim was to formulate and evaluate self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) of ramipril, an antihypertensive drug to improve the solubility and bioavailability.

Methods: Based on solubility studies oil phase (Sefsol 218), surfactant (Acrysol EL135), and cosurfactant (Transcutol P), respectively, were selected to prepare SNEDDS. Ramipril SNEDDS optimized employing box-Behnken design through the study of factors. All formulations were evaluated for particle size, zeta potential (ZP), polydispersity index (PDI), entrapment efficiency (EE), drug content, and in vitro drug release. The optimized formulation was characterized for Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), stability studies, and pharmacokinetic study.

Results: The mean particle size, PDI, ZP, EE, content uniformity, and in vitro drug release profile of optimized ramipril-loaded SNEDDS (RF14) were found to be 75.3±2.21nm, 0.126±0.05, −24.4±5.78mV, 98.74±1.97%, 99.52±1.67%, and 98.65±1.73%, respectively. FTIR studies revealed that there is no incompatibility between drug and excipients, SEM images exhibited nanoparticles to be more porous and in spherical shape. Stability studies indicated formulation was stable for 6 months. In vivo studies were conducted for optimized formulation RF14, the Tmax was found to be 0.5±0.62 and 0.5±0.95 h for the optimized and commercial formulations respectively, while Cmax was 25.16±1.73 ng/mL was significant (p<0.05) as compared to the ramipril pure drug 8.02±0.086 ng/mL. AUC0-t of the SNEDDS formulation was higher 355.49±1.76ng h/ml compared to pure drug 116.57±1.64 ng h/ml indicated higher amount of drug concentration in blood proving better systemic absorption of ramipril from SNEDDS formulation as compared to the pure drug.

Conclusion: It is concluded from the results that ramipril was successfully formulated into SNEDDS with higher concentration with fast action.
Evidence-based public policy making for medicines across countries: findings and implications for the future
Authors: Godman Brian , Fadare Joseph , Kwon Hye-Young , Dias Carolina Zampirolli , Kurdi Amanj , Dias Godói Isabella Piassi , Kibuule Dan , Hoxha Iris , Opanga Sylvia , Saleem Zikria , Bochenek Tomasz , Marković-Peković Vanda , Mardare Ileana , Kalungia Aubrey C , Campbell Stephen , Allocati Eleonora , Pisana Alice , Martin Antony P , Meyer Johanna C
Published: July 2021

Aim:Global expenditure on medicines is rising up to 6% per year driven by increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and new premium priced medicines for cancer, orphan diseases and other complex areas. This is difficult to sustain without reforms.Methods:Extensive narrative review of published papers and contextualizing the findings to provide future guidance.Results:New models are being introduced to improve the managed entry of new medicines including managed entry agreements, fair pricing approaches and monitoring prescribing against agreed guidance. Multiple measures have also successfully been introduced to improve the prescribing of established medicines. This includes encouraging greater prescribing of generics and biosimilars versus originators and patented medicines in a class to conserve resources without compromising care. In addition, reducing inappropriate antibiotic utilization. Typically, multiple measures are the most effective.Conclusion:Multiple measures will be needed to attain and retain universal healthcare.
‘WHO AM I?’ INTERROGATING MY IDENTITY AS ESP TEACHER: PERSONAL NARRATION
Authors: Farah Rafika Rabba
Published: July 2021

The notion of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) program which integrates language and content at one go could be challenging for language teachers as their expertise is only on the language, not the content. Consequently, it affects ESP teachers’ identity. This study takes a deeper look on a teacher’s personal experience teaching ESP that contributes to ESP teacher’s identity construction. It is a qualitative research using narratives as the approach, written records are taken as the main data. In the study, there are three participants in the research; two are ESP teachers and another is the researcher herself as she also involved in the teaching ESP. The study has revealed that the identity construction of ESP teachers is mainly built through two dimensions: students-related challenge and institutional challenge. To deal with students, teachers are no more as the primary source to knowledge; meanwhile, it is highly possible that students have more understanding than the teachers. To deal with institutional challenge, developing general English curriculum into more specific purposes is demanding for teachers. In addition, teaching ESP for more than one major in a semester adds to its complexity.
Pre-Service Teachers' Belief on Professional Development: A study on ESP Teacher
Authors: Aisyah Aisyah , Wicaksono Bayu Hendro
Published: July 2021

Guskey (2002) asserted that professional development is seen as a beneficial practice to disclosed the change required in teachers profession. Indeed, teacher's belief is becoming one of the driving forces which led to the practice in regards. In fact, Some of the ESP instructors seem to find it difficult to deal with the practice of professional development. This is the situation happened in Language Center, the center of ESP program, at my institution. Although some research have been investigating the case of teacher belief within professional development, but little research conducted in ESP course at Indonesian Universities context. Thus, this present study is designed at finding 1) the pre-service teachers' beliefs in being professional language teachers in teaching ESP, and 2) the professional activities undertaken by the pre-service teachers to develop their professionalism in teaching ESP. Through the explanatory research, a chosen ESP pre-service teachers participated in this study. The data from it were generated from survey, observation and interview to have a saturated information. These methods were on purpose to validate the data. The finding showed that being professional language teachers has fallen on eight indicators which are different from some other related research. The finding also gave information on four types of famous activities undertaken by the pre-service teacher.
REQUEST REALIZATIONS OF INDONESIAN ESP LECTURERS
Authors: Nugroho Arif
Published: July 2021

Drawing on the Speech Act theory, the present study endeavored to delineate the most frequently used request strategies by Indonesian English for Specific Purposes lecturers. In addition, it examined the involvement of situational variables of social distance, power, and imposition on the choice of their strategies. Another objective has been to reveal the reasons why the lecturers choose such strategies. To this end, a descriptive approach was adopted by employing Discourse Completion Test questionnaire and semi-structured interview to gather the data fromtwenty-eightESP lectures teaching at some different departments who werepurposively selected as the participants in this study. The results of the questionnaire illustrated that the participants made use of conventionally indirect expressions (81.2%) for requests more frequently than other strategies. The semi-structured interview figured out that the participants’ reason of utilizing conventionally indirect strategy was due to the cultural factors. Moreover, the situational variables of social distance, power, and imposition slightly affected the participants’ choice of requests, but they had some influences on determining the degree of politeness. Furthermore, the analyzed data revealed the fact that first language culture, urgency of the requests, and physical attractiveness also influenced the participants’ choice of request strategies.
TEACHING SCIENCE USING ENGLISH DONE BY PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS IN MALANG
Authors: Anggiarima Pritha
Published: July 2021

English as a Medium of Instruction (EMI) is relied by many teachers to achieve bilingual education goals. The purpose of teaching any other subjects in English is to prepare the students to learn from the firsthand sourcewhen later they pursue higher education. However, there are some challenges when it comes to the practice in young learners. This paper discusses the strategies and problems faced by science teachers in bilingual primary schools in Malang. A questionnaire was distributed to all science teachers who were delivering their lesson in English to determine their educational background, strategies, experiences, and obstacles when they were teaching Science using English. The researcher also asked them about the textbook they used and the students’ average score in Science. As a result, it can be analyzed how successful the teaching of Science using English in bilingual primary schools in Malang.
STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION ON THE USE OF MIND MAPPING APPLICATION SOFTWARE IN LEARNING WRITING
Authors: Fadillah Rahmad
Published: July 2021

The aim of this research is to investigate the students’ perception on the use of Mind Mapping in learning writing. Mixed method was employed to describe the students’ perception on the use of Mind Mapping in learning writing and the advantages and disadvantages of Mind Mapping in learning writing. The researcher took class B who joined writing IV class in academic years 2014 as the research subjects. This research used questionnaire and interview as the instruments for collecting the data. Moreover, The research findings showed that there were positive and negative perception on the use of Mind Mapping in learning writing. The majority of the students had positive perception on the use of Mind Mapping in learning writing and they perceived that Mind Mapping is an effective way to help them to organize the ideas in learning writing. Furthermore, the use of Mind Mapping in learning writing gives three advantages, namely: (1) Mind Mapping eased the students to think and organize their ideas before writing something; (2) it facilitated the students to develop their ideas and (3) it helped the students remember better about the ideas. The findings also showed two disadvantages, namely: (1) Mind Mapping took longer time to create and organize the ideas; and (2) it needed computer access to create a Mind Mapping.
Psychological Capital Mediation on the Relationship between Auditor Experience and Acceptance of Under-Reporting Time: An Indonesian Study
Authors: Zamzami Faiz , Ali Syaiful , Natasari Dina
Published: July 2021

This study aimed to examine the auditor's psychological capital and psychological capital mediation experience on the relationship between the auditor's experience and the acceptance of under-reporting time. To maintain the quality of audit report results, efforts are needed to prevent dysfunctional behavior from auditors. It is also necessary to determine the factors that trigger dysfunctional behavior, especially under-reporting time. This study uses online surveys with respondents from government auditors who work at the Supreme Audit Agency, spread across regional offices throughout Indonesia. Sixty-nine respondents participate in this study. The results showed a relationship between auditors’ experience, psychological capital, and under-reporting time acceptance. This study proves that experience influences psychological capital and psychological capital mediates the relationship between experience and acceptance of under-reporting time. The result contributes to the literature's psychological capital. This study is the first to introduce the relationship between psychological capital, auditor experience, and under-reporting time acceptance.
Desarrollo de la responsabilidad social en empresas de Latinoamérica
Authors: Vargas Merino Jorge Alberto , Huamán Cárdenas Andrea Nathaly
Published: July 2021

Las empresas de América Latina no pueden ignorar la necesidad de desarrollar la responsabilidad social empresarial debido a que esta forma de gestión, promueve el “respeto por la naturaleza y el compromiso con la humanidad”. Varias empresas presentan problemas en el desarrollo de la RSE puesto que existe confusión entre lo que es responsabilidad social y filantropía. Se tiene como objetivo analizar los estudios teóricos y empíricos sobre el desarrollo y aplicación de la responsabilidad social empresarial en empresas de Latinoamérica entre los años 2010 y 2020. Las fuentes de información son las bases de Datos “EBSCOhost”, “Dialnet”, “ProQuest”, “Redalyc” y “Scielo”, los criterios para la elegibilidad fueron: lugar Latinoamérica, periodo de los últimos 10 años y evaluados por expertos por ende se excluyeron los que no cumplían estos criterios. Una de las limitaciones encontradas fue en el subtema dimensiones, se evidencio que no hay un consenso teórico respecto a las partes que contiene este enfoque. Como conclusión, la responsabilidad social se viene desarrollando con un poco de confusión ya que no existe un estándar consensuado internacionalmente acerca de su concepto. Finalmente, la presente investigación debería profundizarse con un estudio empírico estadístico para poder cuantificar los efectos de la variable.
Best Fitted Distribution For Meteorological Data In Kuala Krai
Authors: Norrulashikin Siti Mariam , Yusof Fadhilah , Mohd Nor Siti Rohani , Kamisan Nur Arina Bazilah
Published: July 2021

Modeling meteorological variables is a vital aspect of climate change studies. Awareness of the frequency and magnitude of climate change is a critical concern for mitigating the risks associated with climate change. Probability distribution models are valuable tools for a frequency study of climate variables since it measures how the probability distribution able to fit well in the data series. Monthly meteorological data including average temperature, wind speed, and rainfall were analyzed in order to determine the most suited probability distribution model for Kuala Krai district. The probability distributions that were used in the analysis were Beta, Burr, Gamma, Lognormal, and Weibull distributions. To estimate the parameters for each distribution, the maximum likelihood estimate (MLE) was employed. Goodness-of-fit tests such as the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, and Anderson-Darling tests were conducted to assess the best suited model, and the test's reliability. Results from statistical studies indicate that Burr distributions better characterize the meteorological data of our research. The graph of probability density function, cumulative distribution function as well as Q-Q plot are presented.
Comparative Analysis of Classical and Modified Moses Test
Authors: Mohamad Nor Azman Nor Adilah , Ahad Nor Aishah , Okwonu Friday Zinzendoff
Published: July 2021

Moses test is a nonparametric method to test the equality of two dispersion parameters. The Moses test does not assume equality of location parameters, and this fact gives the test wider applicability. However, this test is inefficient since different people applying the test will obtain different values because of a random process. One sub-division may lead to significant results where another does not. To overcome the problem of uniqueness of the result, this study proposed to modify the random selection of the observation for the subsamples based on the ranking procedure to lead for a unique result for each solution. The original and modified Moses test were tested on the same data set. The finding shows that the result for both tests is similar in terms of decision and conclusion. The analysis revealed that the modified Moses test based on ranking approach has a smaller sum of squared values compared to the original Moses test. Thus, the variability of data for each subsample is decreased as well. Ranking approach can be used as an alternative to replacing the random procedure of selecting observations for subsample to overcome the problem of uniqueness in the test statistic.
THE DYNAMIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INFLATION AND NON-PERFORMING PROPERTY LOANS IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Tham Kuen Wei , Said Rosli , Adnan Yasmin
Published: July 2021

As costs of services and goods rise in Malaysia while income levels remain low and unemployment rises, there is significant concerns on the rising amount of non-performing property loans that seems to have a close relationship with inflation. Hence, it had been assumed by many where inflation leads to higher non-performing property loans, as a result of rising living costs that cause repayment defaults. In fact, recent findings from various countries across Asia had shown that higher levels of inflation tend to contribute positively to the increase of non-performing property loans. This study is to determine the effects of inflation on non-performing property loans in Malaysia during a unique economic period from 2010 to 2015, where NPLs, which had been declining since 2010 observed its first increase in 2015 after a consistent 5 year decline. This economic occurrence hence, offers a great opportunity of research into the economic observation of 2015 respectively. While there had been studies conducted on non-performing loans, there had been little light shed on the effects of inflation upon non-performing property loans specifically. The method adopted is applying Cointegration test and the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), as well as Heteroskedasticity Tests, to validate the results in VECM. The results showed that there is a significant co-integration and relationship between non-performing property loans and inflation, lauding long run afflictions upon the real estate market which if not carefully monitored, may result in more property NPL delinquencies in Malaysia.
A obrigação alimentar gravídica na união homoafetiva feminina e a consideração do princípio da afetividade
Authors: Ferreira Mafra Lorena
Published: July 2021

O presente artigo objetivou versar sobre os elementos jurídicos e doutrinários que compõem o viés da possibilidade de fixação da obrigação alimentar gravídica na união homoafetiva feminina. A iniciativa da pesquisa se apresentou pela aparente ilegitimidade do direito a alimentos gravídicos aplicados à união lésbica, além da relevância no que tange a análise paralela sob o ponto de vista jurídico e social. Para tanto, se fez imprescindível apresentar o direito de família e sua trajetória evolutiva no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, bem como analisar seus novos contornos, ao exemplo do reconhecimento da união homoafetiva e da consagração do princípio da afetividade como fator determinante nas decisões da seara familiar. O método utilizado para conduzir o desenvolvimento da pesquisa foi o de revisão bibliográfica e análise documental, com informações reunidas por intermédio de doutrinas, artigos científicos e jurisprudências. A partir disso, foram reunidas razões consistentes pelas quais se evidencia a inegável observância da viabilidade dessa prática nessa conjunção familiar.
Encarceramento feminino: uma análise sobre a maternidade no cárcere
Authors: Lima Farias Mariana , Pacheco de Moraes Rebeca
Published: July 2021

Este trabalho aborda a maternidade no cárcere, trazendo um breve histórico do aprisionamento feminino no Brasil. Expõe as conjunturas da maternidade no cárcere, identificando os principais direitos e garantias nacionais e internacionais, assim como as principais violações que causam impacto, tanto para as mulheres-mães quanto para seus filhos. Desse modo, constata que as normas não estão sendo aplicadas devidamente, demonstrando extremas violações na experiência da maternidade no cárcere. Observa-se que, atualmente, há um engajamento e uma preocupação maior acerca das garantias das mulheres apenadas e de seus filhos, de modo que são apresentadas medidas alternativas, tal qual a substituição da prisão preventiva pela prisão domiciliar. Metodologicamente, trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica que conclui que o pedido da prisão domiciliar poderá proporcionar eventuais soluções.
Gambaran Sanitasi Pasar Desa Impress Pujasera Di Banyuwangi Tahun 2018
Authors: Nabila Sayu Larasati , Mandagi Ayik Mirayanti
Published: July 2021

Pasar tradisional merupakan salah satu tempat umum sehingga banyak orang beraktifitas setiap harinya dan berperan sangat penting dalam hal pemenuhan kebutuhan. Indonesia memiliki sekitar 13.450  pasar tradisional yang mampu menampung lebih dari 12 juta pedagang didalamnya. Namun hanya 10% pasar tradisional yang dikelola dengan baik secara profesional. Sisanya, pasar tradisional terkesan jorok, bau, becek dan berantakan. Kualitas sanitasi pasar menjadi hal yang penting dalam mewujudkan pasar sehat agar tidak menjadi sumber penularan penyakit dan tidak menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan manusia. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kondisi sarana dan prasarana serta gambaran sanitasi di Pasar Desa Impress Pujasera di Banyuwangi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan pengamatan langsung menggunakan lembar observasi berupa instrumen penilaian yang terdiri dari 6 variabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Pasar Desa Impress Pujasera di Banyuwangi memiliki nilai masing-masing variabel yakni variabel lokasi sebesar 8; variabel bangunan sebesar 9,05; variabel sanitasi sebesar 26,3; variabel perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat sebesar 3,5; variabel keamanan 0; dan variabel fasilitas lain sebesar 0,75. Jika dilakukan penilaian secara keseluruhan dari semua variabel, Pasar Desa Impress Pujasera mendapatkan skor penilaian sebesar 47,6 dan dikategorikan pasar tidak sehat sesuai dengan Kepmenkes No. 519/MENKES/SK/VI/2008 tentang Penyelenggaraan Pasar Sehat.
Bagaimanakah Mutu Puskesmas Di Kabupaten Banyuwangi Tahun 2019?
Authors: Zahra Ragil Fatimah , Lailiyah Syifaul , Novitasari Anggraeni
Published: July 2021

Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Banyuwangi wajib melaksanakan PKP berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 44 Tahun 2016, yang mana didukung oleh Keputusan Kepala Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Timur Nomor: 440/2147/KPTS/102.4/2018 tentang Pedoman Penilaian Kinerja Puskesmas (PKP) di Jawa Timur. Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk menggambarkan tingkat kinerja Puskesmas di wilayah Kabupaten Banyuwangi Tahun 2019 berdasarkan indikator penilaian mutu dan kinerja program mutu kesehatan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang dilaksanakan di bulan Januari – Februari Tahun 2020 di Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan studi dokumen berdasarkan data hasil PKP Kabupaten Banyuwangi Tahun 2019. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Terdapat 1 target indikator yang dapat dicapai oleh >70% puskesmas yang ada di wilayah Kabupaten Banyuwangi, yaitu Survei Kepuasan Pasien (SKP) sebesar 75,55%. Tiga indikator lainnya belum mencapai nilai target. Ada 1 indikator yang tidak tercapai yaitu Kebersihan Lingkungan Pelayanan Berdasarkan 5R (0%). Tingkat Kinerja Puskesmas berdasarkan Indikator Penilaian Mutu Dan Kinerja Program Mutu Kesehatan Tahun 2019 di Kabupaten Banyuwangi Tahun 2020 yaitu 95,56% kategori kurang dan 4.44% kategori cukup. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa pelayanan mutu yang dimiliki puskesmas untuk masyarakat masih belum maksimal. Perlunya perbaikan mutu juga pendampingan kepada puskesmas berupa pemantauan secara terus-menerus.
Literatur Review: Kebijakan dan Strategi Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Dalam Menurunkan Angka Kematian Ibu dan Bayi
Authors: Oruh Shermina
Published: July 2021

Implikasi hasil sensus penduduk 2020 terhadap kebijakan pembangunan kependudukan menunjukkan bahwa angka kematian ibu dan bayi di Inonesia masih cukup tinggi saat ini. Tahun 2015 tercatat 305 kematian per 100 ribu kelahiran dan tahun 2017 dengan 177 kematian per 100 ribu kelahiran. Untuk Tahun 2030 yakni kurang dari 70 per 100 ribu kelahiran. Indonesia menempati posisi ke tiga diantara 10 negara ASEAN. Literature review ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kebijakan dan strategi kemitraan bidan dan dukun serta mengajukan konsep pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam mendukung penurunan angka kematian ibu dan bayi di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan dengan pencarian database melalui ProQuest, Scilit, Pubmed, Worldcat dan DOI. Sementara kata kunci yang digunakan dalam pencarian artikel antara lain midwife, traditional birth attendant, birth, social health, social and maternal health. Terdapat 12 artikel yang diperoleh dan 5 artikel yang dianalisis melalui analisis kesesuaian topik, tujuan, metode yang digunakan, ukuran sampel, dan hasil dari setiap artikel serta keterbatasan yang terjadi.Terdapat dua (2) artikel yang menyoroti tentang pemberdayaan masyarakat tanpa konsep yang konkrit. Disarankan konsep Sistem AGIL dapat dijadikan strategi pemberdayaan masyarakat untuk menurunkan angka kematian ibu dan bayi di Indonesia.
Does CEO power influence corporate risk and performance? Evidence from Greece and Hungary
Authors: Fayyaz Um-E-Roman , Jalal Raja Nabeel-Ud-Din , Antonucci Gianluca , Venditti Michelina
Published: July 2021

We intend to investigate the impact of chief executive officers’ (CEO) powers on corporate decisions made by firms in the context of board oversight (BO) and market competition (MC). From 2007 to 2017, we applied a quantitative approach to a sample of two stressed European markets (i.e., Hungary and Greece). We found that CEO power has a negative impact on corporate risk and firm performance. Furthermore, results also reveal no sign of moderation effect for MC with corporate decisions, whereas BO moderated the CEO power and corporate decisions in the Hungarian market. However, the results of moderation for the Greek market are diametrically opposed to those of the Hungarian market. Our study indicates that in stressed markets, the CEO power is suppressed and does not increase the corporate risk and firm performance despite the good governance and high market competition. The study can help boards in the optimal delivery of power to the CEO to perform well in a stressed environment
Exploring the application of analytical procedures by Jordanian external auditors
Authors: Abdullatif Modar , Banna Aya , El-Sahsah Duha , Wafa Taher
Published: July 2021

This study aims to explore the application of analytical procedures (AP) as a major external auditing procedure in the developing country context of Jordan, a context characterised by the prevalence of closely held businesses, and limited demand for an external audit of high quality (Abdullatif, 2016; Almarayeh, Aibar-Guzman, & Abdullatif, 2020). To do so, the researchers conducted semi-structured interviews with twelve experienced Jordanian external auditors. The main issues covered are the detailed use of AP as an audit procedure and the most significant issues that may limit the effectiveness and reliability of this procedure in the Jordanian context. The main findings of the study include that AP are generally used and favoured by Jordanian auditors, despite their recognition of several problems facing the application of AP, and potentially limiting its reliability and effectiveness. These problems include weak internal controls of some clients, low quality of data provided by some clients, a lack of availability of specialised audit software for many auditors, and a lack of local Jordanian industry benchmarks that can be used to develop expectations necessary for the proper application of AP. The study recommends the establishment of such industry benchmarks, along with better monitoring by the regulatory authorities of the quality of company data, and increasing the efforts of these authorities on promoting the auditors’ use of specialised audit software in performing AP
The impact of closed depressions on soil organic carbon storage in eroded loess landscapes of E Poland
Authors: Kołodyńska-Gawrysiak Renata , Gawrysiak Leszek , Poesen Jean , Plak Andrzej
Published: July 2021

Soil erosion is an important problem in the loess landscapes of Europe,
resulting in a lowering of soil quality and landscape changes. As a
result of soil erosion, SOC is redistributed and stored in SOC pools
within the landscape. Understanding the SOC dynamics is important
because changes in the SOC stocks may have large impacts on global
climate change. Closed depressions (CDs) in loess landscapes collect
colluvial sediments resulting from soil erosion and constitute sediment
stores enabling the calculation of soil erosion phases and rates. CDs
are also SOC pools enabling assessing of SOC erosion and storage in
loess landscapes over long periods. Colluvial sediments and fossil
soils, infilling five representative CDs in the Polish loess areas used
for agriculture during several millennia, were documented. The mean SOC
content in CDs were calculated, the area of CDs at the regional scale
were mapped. Between 11.66 and 31.78 Mg of SOC are stored in each CD.
The SOC within CDs represents a significant SOC storage in the landscape
of the studied region and can reach values between 178.96 and 206.73
Mg·ha-1(mean 192.85 Mg·ha-1), the SOC content in the soil cover of the
surrounding eroded slopes and plateaus is 102.38 Mg·ha-1. This study
indicates that CDs are a key morphological features for a better
understanding of the spatial distribution of SOC in agricultural used
loess landscapes of eastern Poland. SOC storage in CDs needs to be taken
into account when calculating total soil carbon storage at the regional
scale.
Corrigendum: Thermodynamic performance of ammonia in liquefied natural gas precooling cycle
Authors: Editorial E
Published: July 2021

Simeon Oka, Editor-in-Chief Emeritus of the journal Thermal Science request that it is necessary write correction in Table 6, p. 2012, in the paper THERMODYNAMIC PERFORMANCE OF AMMONIA IN LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS PRECOOLING CYCLE by Ray SOUJOUDI* and Randall MANTEUFEL Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas, San Antonio, Tex., USA Original scientific paper https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI201227072S published in the journal Thermal Science, Year 2021, Vol. 25, No. 3A, pp. 2003-2016

 Link to the corrected article 10.2298/TSCI201227072S
The Low-Expression Variant of FABP4 is Associated with Cardiovascular Disease in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Dahlström Emma H. , Saksi Jani , Forsblom Carol , Uglebjerg Nicoline , Mars Nina , Thorn Lena M. , Harjutsalo Valma , Rossing Peter , Ahluwalia Tarunveer S. , Lindsberg Perttu J , Sandholm Niina , Groop Per-Henrik , Group FinnDiane Study
Published: July 2021

Fatty-acid binding protein 4
(FABP4) is implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic disorders. Pharmacological
inhibition or genetic deletion of FABP4 improves cardiometabolic health and
protects against atherosclerosis in preclinical models. As cardiovascular disease
(CVD) is common in type 1 diabetes, we examined the role of FABP4 for the
development of complications in type 1 diabetes, focusing on a functional,
low-expression, variant (rs77878271) in the promoter of the FABP4 gene.
For this, we assessed the risk of CVD, stroke, coronary artery disease (CAD),
end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), and mortality using Cox proportional-hazard
models for the FABP4 rs77878271 in 5,077
Finnish individuals with type 1 diabetes. The low-expression G-allele of rs77878271
increased the risk of CVD, independently of confounders. Findings
were tested for replication in 852 Danish and 3,678 Finnish individuals with
type 1 diabetes. In the meta-analysis, each G-allele increased the risk of stroke
by 26% (p=0.04), CAD by 26% (p=0.006), and CVD by 17% (p=0.003). In Mendelian
Randomization, a decrease in FABP4 increased CAD 2.4-fold. Hence, in
contrast to the general population, the low-expression G-allele of rs77878271
increased CVD risk in type 1 diabetes, suggesting that genetically low FABP4
levels may be detrimental in the context of type 1 diabetes.
PENGEMBANGAN BUKU BAHASA MADURA SEBAGAI PENUNJANG PEMBELAJARAN MUATAN LOKAL DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Fita Lestari Riska , Irawan Rahmat Lutfi
Published: July 2021

The development of language science has an important role in using books as a medium of learning. Madura language is a local content subject that is introduced to students in elementary schools. The development of language science has an important role in using books as a medium of learning. Based on that background, the problem formulation in this study is how pepak development. This research uses Research and Development (R&D) approach. The subjects of the study were teachers and a Team of Experts consisting of Expert Lecturers and Madurese Culturalists. The data collection techniques in this study use observations, library studies, documentation, interviews, and questionnaires for prototype assessment. Data analysis techniques use qualitative descriptive. The result of this study is a product in the form of a prototype book in Madura language that will make it easier for elementary school students to learn it.
The Effect of Entrepreneurship and Innovation on the Academic Performance of Universities
Authors: Tekin Erol
Published: July 2021

The aim of the study is to examine the effect of entrepreneurship and innovation on universities' academic performance. For this purpose, we used panel data obtained from the universities included on the Entrepreneurial and Innovative University Index for the 2012-2017 period. The data were obtained from the TÜBİTAK index and URAP. The data obtained were analyzed using the panel regression method. The results show that entrepreneurial and innovative universities have higher academic success. Also, scientific and technological research competence, cooperation and interaction, and economic contribution and commercialization have a significant positive effect on universities' performance. However, the intellectual property dimension of entrepreneurship and innovation significantly and negatively affect universities' academic performance. The entrepreneurship and innovation culture dimension, on the other hand, has no significant effect on universities' performance. The study aims to contribute to the academic literature as a pioneering study that addresses the effect of entrepreneurship on the academic performance of universities. In addition, it is an important study since it shows that universities should add entrepreneurship to their educational and researcher identities while making their choices in positioning themselves among others.
Motivation of students’ professional self-determination in the process of professional preparation in high education institutions of Ukraine
Authors: Potapchuk Tetiana , Prima Dmutro , Prima Raisa , Kozak Alla , Pukas Ivanna , Tushko Klavdiia
Published: July 2021

The purpose of the article is to theoretically substantiate and study the peculiarities of the motivational sphere of pedagogical faculty students’ development in the process of professional training in higher education institutions. In the context of the raised problem the questions connected with a self-determination of the student's youth in the professional choice, its awareness, responsibility are investigated; their plans for further work in the specialty, readiness for independent activity and how motivated it is, i.e. what role does motivation play in this process. The peculiarities of motivation development and the specifics of the motivational sphere of students are empirically revealed; peculiarities of pedagogical faculties’ students professional identity development, the level of professional identity components formation; type of career orientation; readiness to private practice; level of motivation to achieve; the guidelines that the students in their activities use are studied.
Visual Framing of Political Candidates: Case Study of the 2014 Turkish Presidential Election Campaign
Authors: Çağlar Karabıyık Ali
Published: July 2021

In the context of political communication, political campaigns are the periods when political bias in the news media comes to light. This is reflected in news photos and other visual contents as well as newspaper texts. Visual framing, a newer area in framing theory and research, helps us understand how media frames visual images of political candidates. This paper analyzes the photographs of the presidential candidates in the 2014 Turkish presidential election campaign by using the visual framing analysis method. The data for this study comprises photographs from ten daily national newspapers belonging to different media groups representative of the Turkish press. The results reveal the intensity of visual framing bias related to political bias and polarization in the Turkish press.
FEATURES OF THE COGNITIVE SPHERE OF CHILDREN WITH SPEECH DISORDERS
Authors: Sokolova Hanna
Published: July 2021

The need of social, psychological and pedagogical support of children with special educational needs in modern Ukrainian psychology, in particular with speech disorders, is the task of the domestic science. The socio-cultural, psychological and pedagogical conditionality of special educational needs, the focus of all correctional and educational activities on the social development of the child in the context of the formation of competencies, taking into account individual and psychological characteristics and involving parents in this process have come to the forefront of theoretical and empirical research that emphasizes the relevance of the study. The purpose of the study is to empirically study the cognitive sphere of children with speech disorders, which is one of the important factors of their socialization. The method of theoretical analysis, generalization of scientific primary sources on the research problem, observation and psychodiagnostic testing are used. The focus of the research to identify features of cognitive and personal development of children with special educational needs is particularly important for theory and practice. This article shows that special characteristics of memory, attention, thought processes of children with speech disorders have gender characteristics;this should be taken into account in the process of organizing social space and the process of socialization. Furthermore, the positive attitude formed in children and the ability to evaluate themselves and their activities create the basis for the effective development of the cognitive sphere that is an extremely important task as it is due to them the child learns to establish cause-andeffect relationships, develop appropriate roles relations with adults and peers in and out of class, seek cooperation, show attention to others.
State-led Forest Development and Social Protest in East Nusa Tenggara Province
Authors: Dhosa Didimus Dedi
Published: July 2021

This research examines models of social resistances in response to top-down forest governance in the provincial government of East Nusa Tenggara Province,  Indonesia. The researcher demonstrates the models of (1) forest management and (2) people’s resistance against the regional government.The author found three fundamental problems through the perspectives of the right to the governing authority of the state and social resistance. First, the provincial government monopolise forest management since 1982 for cattle breeding.  Instead of offering prosperity to the people, this forest management model excludes the people from the forest and cattle resources. Second, when the signed contract ended, the local residents refused to extend forest management concessions to the provincial government. Third, the refusal by the residents was carried out through various forms of social movements and cultural politics. However, the provincial government mobilised the police, the civil service police, and the armed forces to intimidate the resistant communities.
EL PAPEL DE LOS MUNICIPIOS EN LA SOSTENIBILIDAD AMBIENTAL
Authors: García Rubio Fernando
Published: July 2021

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PENGATURAN TINDAK PIDANA PERJUDIAN DAN PERTANGGUNGJAWBAN PIDANA KORPORASI DALAM MICRO-TRANSACTION PADA GAME ONLINE
Authors: Sannyasa Gede Darma , Mertha I Ketut
Published: July 2021

Tujuan studi ini dilakukan guna mengkaji delik perjudian pada micro-transaction dalam game online serta bentuk pertanggungjawaban pidana Korporasi sebagai penyedia layanan perjudian micro-transaction dalam game online. Metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual, digunakan pada studi ini. Hasil studi menunjukkan Microtransaction dalam game online baik dalam bentuk gacha atau lootbox mengandung unsur tindak pidana perjudian dan mengenai perjudian sendiri telah diatur dalam KUHP, Undang-undang Penertiban Perjudian serta melalui Peraturan Pemerintah tentang Pelaksanaan Penertiban Perjudian dan oleh karena perjudian ini dilakukan secara virtual maka Undang-undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik menjadi lex specialis pada micro-transaction dalam game online. Kemudian Publisher dan/atau developer game merupakan Korporasi yang juga sebagai subyek hukum pidana dan menjadi pihak yang menyediakan sarana perjudian dengan bentuk Microtransaction dalam game online baik berupa gacha dan loot box, sehingga atas hal tersebut Publisher dan/atau developer game dapat dimintai pertanggungjawaban pidana.

The purpose of this study is to examine the offense of gambling on micro-transactions in the online game as well as the form of corporate criminal liability as a provider of micro-transaction gambling services in the online game. The normative legal research method with a statutory and conceptual approach is used in this study. The study results show that microtransaction in online games both in the form of gacha or lootbox contains elements of gambling crime and regarding gambling itself has been regulated in the Criminal Code, the Gambling Control Act and through the Government Regulation on the Implementation of Gambling Control and because of this gambling is done virtually invite Information and Electronic Transactions to be lex specialists on in-online game micro-transactions. Then the Publisher and / or game developer is a corporation that is also a subject of criminal law and becomes a party that provides gambling facilities in the form of microtransaction in the online game in the form of gacha and loot box, so that the Publisher and / or game developer can be held liable for criminal liability.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP NASABAH BANK DALAM MELAKUKAN TRANSAKSI PERBANKAN MENGGUNAKAN LAYANAN INTERNET BANKING
Authors: Wahyu Prameswari P G I A Indira , Westra I Ketut
Published: July 2021

Tujuan artikel ini adalah untuk mengetahui adanya perlindungan bagi nasabah dalam penggunaan internet banking saat melakukan transaksi perbankan, disamping itu juga untuk dapat melindungi hak-hak nasabah selaku konsumen jasa perbankan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode penelitian normatif. Penulisan artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan kasus, yang mana dalam penelitian normatif ini meliputi beberapa kajian mengenai asas-asas hukum, sistematik hukum, serta sinkronisasi hukum. Hasil studi menunjukan bahwa penggunaan dari media telekomunikasi dan juga teknologi informasi dalam era globalisasi kali ini menempati kedudukan yang penting guna memudahkan proses dalam bertransaksi khususnya transaksi perbankan dan perdagangan bebas. Dengan terjadinya perkembangan di bidang teknologi dan informasi tersebut membuka peluang bagi tiap orang dengan mudahnya untuk melakukan perbuatan hukum seperti misalnya melakukan transaksi perbankan jual-beli. Dalam prakteknya internet banking merupakan salah satu delivery channel layanan di bidang perbankan yang erat kaitannya dengan teknologi, di satu sisi memberikan banyak manfaat, namun di sisi lain juga dapat menyebabkan kerugian bagi nasabah. Maka dari itu perlunya perlindungan hukum yang lebih spesifik untuk layanan internet banking tersebut.

The purpose of this article is to determine whether there is protection for customers in the use of internet banking when conducting banking transactions, in addition to protecting the rights of customers as consumers of banking services. The research method used is the normative research method. The writing of this article uses a statute approach that prioritizes legal materials in the form of statutory regulations as a basic reference for conducting research. The results of the study show that the use of telecommunication media and information technology in this era of globalization occupies an important position in order to facilitate the process of transactions, especially banking transactions and free trade. With the development of technology and information, it opens up opportunities for everyone to easily take legal actions, such as buying and selling banking transactions. In practice, internet banking is one of the service delivery channels in the banking sector which is closely related to technology, on the one hand it provides many benefits, but on the other hand it can also cause losses for customers. Therefore, there is a need for more specific legal protection for internet banking services.