bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FASE INICIAL DA PANDEMIA DA COVID-19 EM MATO GROSSO: DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPACIAL E AVALIAÇÃO
Authors: De Lima Diogo Marcelo Delben Ferreira , Silva Marcia Alves Soares da , Santos Emerson Soares dos
Published: July 2020

Este estudo visa a apresentar a situação da fase inicial da pandemia da COVID-19 em Mato Grosso e avaliar a atuação do poder público. Trata-se de estudo retrospectivo descritivo em que são utilizados dados secundários obtidos em diversas fontes oficiais. Mato Grosso apresentava até o início do mês de maio de 2020 ritmo lento de crescimento do número de casos da COVID-19. A doença se concentrava nas cidades-polo e com pouca dispersão para as cidades vizinhas. O estado apresenta razoável estrutura hospitalar, porém com graves discrepâncias regionais. O conhecimento sobre a disseminação da COVID-19 mostra que as medidas de isolamento e distanciamento social foram importantes para frear o rápido crescimento da pandemia e que outras estratégias de combate à pandemia devem estar apoiadas em pesquisas acadêmicas e científicas e em levantamentos, análises e planos de atuação dos governos com a participação de atores sociais e da população. Acreditamos que, com a flexibilização das medidas de isolamento e intensificação dos fluxos entre as cidades do estado, a rede urbana terá papel fundamental na difusão espacial da doença e disseminação do vírus. Dessa maneira, as teorias e técnicas geográficas de análise urbano-regional serão imprescindíveis para melhor entendimento e elaboração de estratégias para contenção da COVID-19.
GEOGRAFIA A SERVIÇO DA EMERGÊNCIA EM SAÚDE PÚBLICA
Authors: Guimarães Raul Borges , Catão Rafael de Castro , Nossa Paulo Nuno
Published: July 2020

Editorial
Feminisasi Kemiskinan: Studi Tentang Pengemis Perempuan pada Masyarakat Matrilineal Minangkabau di Sumatera Barat, Indonesia
Authors: Azwar Welhendri , Muliono Muliono , Permatasari Yuli
Published: July 2020

Tulisan ini mencoba menjelaskan fenomena keterpinggiran kaum perempuan Minangkabu di Sumatera Barat. Beberapa konsep teoritik feminis digunakan untuk menganalisis bagaimana konstruksi sistem sosial masyarakat memposisikan perempuan dalam realitas kehidupannya. Lalu, membaca posisi ketertindasan perempuan dalam kemiskinannya atau kemiskinan perempuan dalam ketertindasannya. Pembahasan ini menjadi penting disebabkan fakta menunjukkan betapa banyak kaum perempuan Minang berjuang melawan kemiskinan yang sering terlihat melawan kodratnya. Pada posisi ini, pembahasan ini diharapkan dapat membuka pemahman atas dominasi perempuan dalam kultur Minangkabau, Sumatera Barat. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif­fenomenologis, sebagai usaha ekplorasi dan klarifikasi yang kemudian menjelaskan fenomana pemiskinan kaum perempuan sebagai realitas sosial. Belenggu kemiskinan perempuan dalam studi ini dilatari oleh dua hal yaitu ketidakberdayaannya dalam melawan kultur yang bersifat paternalistik dan hambatannya dalam menemukan akses ekonomi yang lebih baik untuk kehidupan yang lebih bermartabat.[This article explains the phenomenon of marginalization on Minangkabau women in West Sumatra. The author uses some feminist theoretical concepts to analyze how social construction puts women in their reality of life. Then, to read the position of women oppression in their poverty, or women’s poverty in their oppression. This research is important because the facts show that many Minangkabau women struggle against poverty which often seems to be against their nature. In this position, this research is expected to reveal the understanding of women’s dominance in Minangkabau culture, West Sumatra. This research uses a descriptive-phenomenological approach as an exploration and clarification effort, then explains the phenomenon of women’s impoverishment as a social reality. The poverty shackles of women in this research are based on two things, namely their inadequacy against the paternalistic culture and its obstacles to find better economic access for a more dignified life.]
Tafsir Gender Jawa: Telaah Tafsir Al-Iklil Fi Ma’ani Al-Tanzil Karya Misbah Mustafa
Authors: Abidin Ahmad Zainal , Al-Khanafi M. Imam Sanusi , Zulfikar Eko
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya sebuah pemikiran tafsir dalam tradisi Jawa yang menempatkan perempuan dalam posisi yang lebih banyak bergerak di wilayah domestik. Karena persepsi mufassir yang melihat kedudukan laki-laki lebih berpotensi daripada perempuan, maka perempuan kurang diberi ruang dalam sektor publik. Di dalam salah satu karya tafsir dari tradisi Jawa yakni al-Iklil fi Ma’ani al-Tanzil karya Misbah Mustafa, ditemukan pemahaman bahwa peran laki-laki lebih utama daripada perempuan melalui serangkaian tafsir terhadap ayat-ayat gender. Melalui analisis struktur sosial terhadap beberapa tema gender seperti asal-usul penciptaan manusia, poligami, dan kepemimpinan laki-laki ataupun perempuan, pemikiran Misbah Mustafa terpola dengan jelas. Dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif-analitis, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemikiran Misbah Mustafa dalam tafsir al-Iklil cenderung mengulang-ulang, menukil dan melegitimasi pendapat para ulama tradisional normatif yang kebanyakan mensubordinasikan kedudukan perempuan. Tulisan ini merefleksikan ke-arah bagaimana konstruksi sosial dan budaya mempengaruhi pola penafsiran Misbah Mustafa dalam karyanya tafsir al-Iklil.[This research is motivated by an interpretive thought in the Javanese tradition that places women in a position that is more engaged in domestic sphere. Because the perception of mufassir who see the position of men has more potential than women, women are less given space in the public sector. In one of the interpretations of Javanese tradition, al-Iklil fi Ma’ani al-Tanzil by Misbah Mustafa, it is found that the role of men is more important than women through a series of interpretations of gender verses. Through the analysis of social structure on several gender themes such as the origin of human creation, polygamy, and male or female leadership, Misbah Mustafa’s thoughts were clearly patterned. By using a descriptive-analytical method, the results of the study show that Misbah Mustafa’s thinking in the interpreting the Quran tends to repeat, copy and legitimize the opinions of traditional normative scholars who mostly subordinate the position of women. This paper also shows how social and cultural construction influence Misbah Mustafa’s interpretation patterns in his work, al-Iklil.]
Jilbab Sebagai Simbol Perjuangan Identitas (Studi atas Pemakaian Jilbab di Kalangan Waria D.I. Yogyakarta)
Authors: Safri Arif Nuh
Published: July 2020

Waria (wanita pria) atau transgender adalah sebuah identitas gender lian di khalayak awam. Di samping dianggap sebagai sebuah keanehan, identitas ini pun dipersoalkan dan banyak diperdebatkan, hingga mendapat stigma negatif. Waria sendiri dituntut harus tetap eksis dan sanggup berjuang dalam kehidupan mereka. Hal ini disebabkan oleh pemahaman mereka sebagai waria bahwa, identitas mereka bukanlah sebuah kepura-puraan. Identitas mereka sebagai waria yang memiliki jiwa dan rasa perempuan, harus mendapatkan pengakuan dan perhatian yang sama dengan perempuan lainnya. Salah satu simbol yang melekat dengan perempuan yaitu jilbab, yang digunakan sebagai alat untuk membuktikan identitas mereka. Hal ini tentu sangat bertolak belakang dengan pandangan masayarakat awam atas mereka. Sehingga permasalahan ini sangat menarik dan pantas untuk diteliti. Penelitian ini akan menjawab apa makna jilbab dan alasan waria menggunakan jilbab? Serta bagaimana pengaruh penggunaan jilbab bagi pengakuan identitas mereka di kehidupan sosial? Permasalahan tersebut akan dijawab lewat wawancara, dan observasi. Kemudian data yang didapat akan dianalisis dengan metode kualitatif, deskriptif-analisis dan pendekatan fenomenologi. Asumsi peneliti, bahwa penggunaan jilbab sebagai simbol perjuangan memberikan pengaruh positif pada waria secara khusus, setidaknya lebih mudah dalam menggunakan faslilitas umum atau publik. Pada akhirnya penggunaan jilbab dengan berbagai tujuan dan maknanya merupakan realitas kehidupan sosial keagamaan yang akan selalu dan terus berkembang.[Transgender is another gender identity for common people. Apart from being considered as a weird, this identity was also questioned and  debated and sometimes it leads in a negative stigma. However, for them, being transgender is not about pretense or deception. People need to recognize and respect them as people with the women soul. One symbol attached to women is hijab. It is used as a tool to prove their identity as women. This problem is very interesting to study in order to find the meaning of the hijab the reasons to use the hijab? How does the influence of using the veil to their social recognition? These problems will be answered through interviews and observations. Then the data obtained will be analyzed by qualitative methods, descriptive analysis and phenomenological approaches. The assumptions of researcher is that the use veil is a symbol of struggle and gives a positive influence on trasgender in particular, at least it is easier for them to use public or public facilities. Hence, the use of the veil is not only about religious symbol, but has various purposes and meaning.]
Kontekstualisasi Hukum Waris Dalam QS. An-Nisa [4]:11 (Studi Pembagian Harta Warisan Pada Masyarakat Adat Kampar)
Authors: Marro’aini Marro’aini , Kholis Nor
Published: July 2020

Masyarakat Kampar memiliki hukum adat yang telah diamalkan secara turun-temurun dalam hal pengaturan warisan, namun tidak sama ketetapan pembagiannya sebagaimana telah disampaikan dalam QS. An-Nisa [4]: 11 yaitu 2:1. Tulisan ini melihat bagaimana bentuk pembagian waris yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat adat Kampar dan memaparkan bagaimana pandangan Islam memahami realitas tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam (indepeth interview) dan telaah beberapa sumber sekunder. Dari hasil analisis yang telah dilakukan dapat dipahami   bahwa pembagian harta waris yang dilakukan menurut adat Kampar, adalah berdasarkan jenisnya; berupa rumah peninggalan orang tua untuk anak perempuan bungsu, tapak rumah untuk anak perempuan lainnya dan kebun untuk anak laki-laki. Pembagian ini untuk melindungi perempuan dari hal-hal buruk yang bisa dialami mereka di kemudian hari. Selain itu, hal ini dilakukan sebagai cara untuk selalu menjunjung tinggi serta memberikan penghormatan terhadap perempuan. Ditinjau dari pandangan Islam, hal ini tidak menyimpang dari nilai-nilai universal Islam.[Kampar people have customary law that has been practiced from generation to generation in terms of inheritance regulation, but it is not the same as the distribution provisions as stated in the QS. An-Nisa [4]: 11 which is 2: 1. This paper looks at the form of inheritance carried out by the Kampar indigenous people and explains how Islamic views understand this reality. This research was conducted with in- depth interviews and study of several secondary sources. From the results of the analysis, it can be understood that the distribution of inheritance of  Kampar Adat is  based on the type of property in the form of a parent’s inheritance house for the youngest daughter, the land for building houses for the other daughter and the farm for the son . It is to protect women from the bad things they can happen in the future. Besides,  it also  the way how those  people respect and appreciate their  women. From Islamic point of view, it is not against the universal values of Islam.]
Intrepretasi Kontekstual Ahmad Syafi’i Ma’arif Atas Peran Perempuan di Ruang Publik dalam QS. An-Nisa: 34
Authors: Alwi Muhammad
Published: July 2020

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendialogkan pemahaman Ahmad Syafi’i Ma’arif, seorang negarawan dan agamawan di Indonesia kontemporer, atas QS. an-Nisa: 34 dengan diskursus kesetaraan gender dalam mengkontekstualisasikan ajaran Islam di Indonesia, termasuk peran perempuan di ruang publik. Letak penting pemahaman Ahmad Syaf’i Ma’arif adalah kemampuannya dalam memberi sikap tengah, tidak konservatif dan tidak juga liberal, dalam mengemukakan spirit kepemimpinan perempuan menurut Islam dan Negara. Syafi’i Maarif menilai wacana konteks antara Arab-Indonesia tidak dapat diabaikan ketika pembaca teks hendak memahami kandungan QS. an-Nisa: 34. Perempuan Arab memiliki ruang dan dinamikanya sendiri, yang berbeda dengan perempuan di Indonesia, sehingga konteks ini berpengaruh dalam memahami al-Qur’an. Catatan kesetaraan gender Syafii Maarif adalah ada keadaan tertentu, seperti mengandung dan melahirkan, yang hanya dilakukan oleh perempuan. Upaya Ahmad Syafii Maarif dalam mengkontekstualisasikan QS. an-Nisa: 34 adalah kerja penting atas pembumian al-Qur’an sebagai pedoman (QS. al-Baqarah: 2 dan 185) ke dalam kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia, sehingga Islam yang rahmatan lil alamin dapat dirasakan dari segi pengangkatan peran perempuan di ruang publik.[This article aims to provide understanding of Ahmad Syafi’i Ma’arif, an Indonesian statesman and religious leader, over QS. An-Nisa: 34 with the discourse of gender equality in the contextualization of Islamic teachings in Indonesia, including the role of women in public space. The important point of understanding Ahmad Syaf’i Ma’arif is in his ability to give a central, non conservative and illiberal in raising the leadership spirit of women according to Islam and the state. Syafi’i Maarif assessed that the context discourse between Arab-Indonesia can not be ignored when the reader want to understand the content of QS. An-Nisa: 34. Arab women have its own space and dynamism, that is different from women in Indonesia, so this context is influential in understanding the Qur’an. The notion of the gender equality of Syafi’s Ma’arif is that there are certain circumstances, such as pregnant and childbirth, that only women can do.  The efforts of Ahmad Syafi’i Ma’arif in contextualizing QS. An- Nisa: 34 is an important work on the ground of the Qur’an as a guideline (QS. Al-Baqarah: 2 and 185) into the lives of Indonesian society, so that Islam, as rahmatan lil alamin, can be felt in terms of the female role in the public space.]
Perempuan Dalam Perkawinan Samin: Perlindungan Budaya Versus Hukum Positif
Authors: Rosyid Moh.
Published: July 2020

Tujuan ditulisnya naskah ini untuk mendeskripsikan keteguhan warga Samin mempertahankan model perkawinannya sebagai wujud ketaatan melaksanakan ajaran leluhurnya, Ki Samin Surosentiko. Kekhasan perkawinannya berhadapan dengan perundangan karena perkawinan tidak dicatatkan, sehingga pasangan tidak memiliki akta kawin. Bagi sebagian warga Samin di Kudus, melestarikan tradisi model perkawinan ini lebih diutamakan daripada mentaati UU Perkawinan dan Administrasi Kependudukan. Perkawinan yang tidak dicatatkan tentu saja, memiliki dampak yang signifikan, khususnya pada perempuan jika terjadi perceraian. Namun demikian, sekarang sudah ada upaya sebagian warga Samin menambah tatacara perkawinannya yang semula tidak dicatatkan di Kantor Dukcapil menjadi dicatatkan dengan tujuan mendapat akta kawin, status anak dalam akta lahirnya tercatat sebagai anak yang sah.[This article is based on research carried out among Samin community’s in Kudus and their consistency to keep marriage tradition based on their ancestor’s teaching, Ki Samin Surosentiko. According to this tradition, it is not necessary for a spouse to register their marriage because it is not mentioned in their teachings. Consequently they don’t have marriage certificate. For most of Samin society in Kudus, preserving the tradition is more important than following Marriage Law or the state’s regulation. Though there are now efforts of some residents to register their marriage in order to get married certificate or marriage law status and legitimated status of their children, most of marriages of Samin society in Kudus remain unregistered because it adheres to Ki Samin’s teaching. The data obtained by interviews, observations, and documentation with a qualitative descriptive approach.]
INFILTRATION OF ISRÂILIYYÂT STORIES AND MAWḌÛ‘ÂT IN TAFSÎR FATḤ AL-QADÎR BY AL-SHAWKÂNÎ
Authors: Atabik Ahmad
Published: July 2020

The commentators of the Qur’anic exegesis agree that the infiltration of the biblical stories (isrâ’îliyyât) and mawḍû‘ât in various commentaries is an indisputable fact. Since the exegesis of the Qur’an was recorded up to now, dozens of credible commentaries have been produced. However, after having been carefully examined, it turns out that most of those commentaries include isra'iliyyat and mawdu‘at. This article aims to identify the infiltration of isrâ’îliyyât and mawḍû‘ât in Tafsir Fatḥ al-Qadîr by al- Shawkânî. This study uses qualitative methods with library research techniques. To deepen the data analysis, this research uses the hermeneutic approach. This research found that in al- Shawkânî’s exegesis, he included two narrations of isrâ’îliyyât, namely about the story of Harut and Marut, and the exegesis of sakinah by the People of the Book (Ahl al-kitab). However, he gave criticism and notes to these two narrations. Meanwhile, in mawḍû‘ât narrations, al- Shawkânî inserted three mawḍû‘ât hadiths about Ali ibn Abi Talib’s cult into his interpretation. But unfortunately, al- Shawkânî gave neither any notes nor criticism of the three narrations. It seems that Al- Shawkânî was still influenced by the Zaydi Shii sect even though in another work entitled, al-Fawâ’id al-Majmu‘ah fî al-Ahâdîth al- Mawḍû‘ah, he explained that the three narrations were included in mawḍû‘ or fictitious.
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenolic, Flavonoid and Tannin Contents in the Ajuga Bracteosa Wall. Ex Benth, Grown at Middle Hill Climatic Condition of Western Himalayas
Authors: Guglani Anchala , Pandey H. K. , Arya Rajeshwar K.K. , Bala Madhu
Published: July 2020

The antioxidant activity of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of different plant parts viz, leaves, flower, stem and root of Ajuga bracteosa was investigated against various in-vitro antioxidant assays. The total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin contents also estimated. The results revealed the significant antioxidant potential and variation in the IC50, EC50 and phytochemical contents among all the plant parts. The aqueous extract of leaves exhibited significantly (P<0.05) highest antioxidant activity on 2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acixd), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl, and potassium ferricyanide reducing power assay, with IC50 values of 0.2707±0.0008, 0.4409±0.0020, and EC50 value 0.3413±0.0030 mg/mL, respectively, followed by the other parts of the plant. The leaves extract also possess the highest total phenolics, flavonoid and tannin contents among all the parts. Similarly, the aqueous extract is better than the alcoholic extract of different parts as far as phytochemical contents and antioxidant activity concerned. The present study revealed that the aqueous extract of leaves had the highest antioxidant potential, which correlated with the high level of total phenolic fl flavonoid, and tannin contents. Therefore, higher the phytochemical contents, higher will be the antioxidant potential.
Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Chromosome Replication and its Modification by HDAC Inhibitors
Authors: Tiwari Mrinalini , Shrivastav Ayush , Rai Shivangi , Agrawala Paban K.
Published: July 2020

Ionizing radiation causes lethal injuries either directly or indirectly inducing damage to the biological macromolecules, most importantly the genetic material or DNA. Cells transiently halt their cell cycle progression to provide sufficient time for repair machinery to act on for the repair of radiation-induced DNA damages. This may include delay in replication or S-phase of cell cycle besides activating other cell cycle checkpoints. Multiple replicons (replicon cluster equivalent to a chromosome band) along the length of a chromosome fire in a definite pattern for the timely completion of replication. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) have been shown to alter the pattern of DNA replication origin activity including earlier replication in S-phase of normally late replicating chromosome bands. This may also indicate an acceleration of repair steps since DNA damage acts as an impediment for replication. Trichostatin A (TSA), a well-known HDACi, was studied for its effect on replication initiation using Indian Muntjac cell as a model. It was found that TSA treatment enhanced the replication rate and increased the number of replicon clusters firing at any given time per chromosome. It also compensated the decline of replication rate in irradiated cells, helped in their revival and brought them to the control level.
TEXTILE REINFORCED MORTAR BASED FLEXURAL STRENGTHENING OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS
Authors: Rafiq Muhammad Imran , Baiee Ameer
Published: July 2020

Strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) structures is often necessary due to the change of using or to enhance the strength of deteriorated existing RC structures attributed to aging and environmental effects. Interfacial bond between the existing RC member and the strengthening layer is known to be the main factor for any successful strengthening technique. This study investigates the efficiency of utilizing high strength cementitious connectors in preventing the debonding of textile reinforced mortar (TRM) strengthening layer from substrate concrete of RC beams. An experimental program is developed to investigate the effect of strength of mortars and the distribution of cementitious connectors on the behavior of the strengthened beams. TRM comprising eight and sixteen textile basalt fiber layers were utilized in these experiments. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of cementitious connectors on the failure mode of strengthened beams by means of controlling the debonding of TRM. The increase in cracking and ultimate loads is demonstrated due to the strengthening of RC beams using TRM.
Wyznaniowe zróżnicowanie kultury gospodarczej. O ideologicznym nadużyciu znanej tezy
Authors: Dylus Aniela
Published: July 2020

More than one hundred years ago, Max Weber agued that the Protestant religion, particularly the religious ideas of Calvinism and the Puritan ethic, played a positive role in creating the capitalistic spirit. The article hereby attempts to show that this thesis (the Protestant Ethic Thesis) gradually evolved into different stereotypes. It also appeared to be especially prone to some ideological abuse. The description of these stereotypes and different forms of abuse has been preceded with attempts to answer some questions such as: Is the cultural context of economic life really differentiated with regard to religious ideas? Is Max Weber’s thesis timeless? In fact, the results of various kinds of research allow to falsify the thesis given above. It is the real religious faith as such and not its content that is economically significant. However, there are some cultural differences between Catholics and Protestants that are determined by their religious faith. These differences concern rather e.g. their different focus on the value hierarchy or significance attached to satisfying needs.
Współczesna treść pojęcia wzoru kultury gospodarczej
Authors: Pogonowska Barbara
Published: July 2020

The article attempts at presenting a culture-oriented approach to economy culture’ patterns. The notion of economy culture’ pattern is conceived of as a set of normative beliefs that decide what kind of mutual rights and duties have a given subject of economic activities. The author asks questions about the cultural origins and normative assumptions of present day patterns.
Wilczyńska Weronika/Michońska-Stadnik Anna: Metodologia badań w glottodydaktyce. Wprowadzenie. Wyd. 1. Kraków: Avalon, 2010, 295 str.
Authors: Trojan Katarzyna
Published: July 2020

Recenzje
Wprowadzenie
Authors: Kaczmarek Tomasz
Published: July 2020

Tom 47 Biuletynu „Rozwój Regionalny i Polityka Regionalna” jest pokłosiem konferencji naukowej, która odbyła się w dniu 27 czerwca 2019 r. na Uniwersytecie im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu. W konferencji pod hasłem „Obszary metropolitalne – perspektywy badawcze”, zorganizowanej przez Centrum Badań Metropolitalnych oraz Instytut Geografii Społeczno-Ekonomicznej i Gospodarki Przestrzennej UAM, wzięło udział ponad 30 badaczy, reprezentujących różne dyscypliny i ośrodki naukowe w kraju. W trakcie konferencji zaprezentowane zostały zakres i metody badań nad obszarami metropolitalnymi z różnych perspektyw naukowych: geograficznej, politologicznej, prawno-administracyjnej, nauk o zarządzaniu, środowisku i innych. Przedstawiono kwestie organizacji i problemów funkcjonowania obszarów metropolitalnych, wyzwania i kierunki ich rozwoju, a także przykłady zastosowania wyników badań naukowych w praktyce planowania i zarządzania metropolitalnego. Część uczestników konferencji zgodziła się na opublikowanie wyników swoich badań w prezentowanym tomie czasopisma „Rozwój Regionalny i Polityka Regionalna”.
Rozwój społeczno-gospodarczy gmin Szczecińskiego Obszaru Metropolitalnego na tle województwa zachodniopomorskiego
Authors: Ociepa-Kicińska Elżbieta
Published: July 2020

W artykule podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy istnienie i rozwój metropolii przyczynia się do wzrostu poziomu rozwoju regionalnego, czy może obszar metropolitalny rozwija się kosztem regionu, deprecjonując znaczenie i możliwości wzrostowe obszarów peryferyjnych. Celem opracowania jest zbadanie poziomu rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego gmin należących do Szczecińskiego Obszaru Metropolitalnego (SOM) na tle regionu – województwa zachodniopomorskiego. Aby to osiągnąć, zidentyfikowano kluczowe mierniki rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego, na podstawie których przeprowadzono próbę obliczenia przy wykorzystaniu metody unitaryzacji zerowanej poziomu rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego gmin należących do SOM, a następnie porównano go do analogicznych wartości obliczonych dla województwa. Opracowanie jest elementem cyklu publikacji autorki poświęconych wynikom badań obrazujących poziom i determinanty rozwoju Szczecińskiego Obszaru Metropolitalnego.
Biomaker evaluation for major adverse cardiovascular event development in patients undergoing cardiac Surgery
Authors: Imperiali Claudia E. , Lopez-Delgado Juan C. , Dastis-Arias Macarena , Sanchez-Navarro Lourdes
Published: July 2020

Objectives

The postoperative period of cardiac surgery (CS) is associated with the development of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). However, the evaluation of MACE after CS by means of biomarkers is poorly developed. We aimed to evaluate postoperative biomarkers that could be associated with MACE.

Methods

Two Hundred and ten patients who underwent CS were enrolled during the study period. The diagnosis of MACE was defined as the presence of at least one of the following complications: acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke presented during intensive care unit (ICU) stay, and 30-day mortality after CS. High-sensitive troponin T (hs-TnT), C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, interleukin-6, and immature platelet fraction (IPF) were measured on ICU admission and after 24 h. The difference between both measurements (Δ) was calculated to assess their association with MACE. Early infected patients (n=13) after CS were excluded from final analysis.

Results

The most frequent surgery was single-valve surgery (n=83; 38%), followed by coronary artery bypass graft (n=72; 34%). Postoperative MACE was diagnosed in 31 (14.8%) patients. Biomarker dynamics showed elevated values at 24 h compared with those at ICU admission in patients with MACE versus no-MACE. Multivariate analysis showed that ΔIPF (OR: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.110–1.960; p=0.008) and Δhs-TnT (OR: 1.001; 95% CI: 1.0002–1.001; p=0.008) were independently associated with MACE.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that postoperative ΔIPF and Δhs-TnT may be useful biomarkers for the identification of patients at risk of MACE development.
Prenatal screening and diagnosis of genetic abnormalities: SEGO, SEQCML, AEDP consensus recommendations
Authors: Prieto Belén , Adiego Begoña , Suela Javier , Martín Inmaculada , Santacruz Belén , García-Planells Javier , Gil Mar , González Concepción , Eva Barrenechea
Published: July 2020

In this paper, the scientific societies SEGO, SEQCML and AEDP provide a series of consensus-based recommendations for prenatal screening and diagnosis of genetic abnormalities. A set of evaluation indicators are also proposed as a means to improve the quality of the biochemical, ultrasound, and genetic processes involved in prenatal screening and diagnosis of genetic anomalies. Some recommendations are also proposed in relation to invasive prenatal diagnostic procedures, more specifically regarding sample collection and genetic testing. The purpose of this proposal is to unify performance criteria and quality indicators at national level, with audits performed on a regular basis. It is strongly recommended that a national prenatal screening strategy be established and provided with the resources necessary to evaluate the performance of quality indicators and diagnostic procedures under the supervision of health authorities. Protocols should be revised on a regular basis to consider the incorporation of new cost-effective technologies.
The dynamical environment of the primary in the triple asteroid (45) Eugenia
Authors: Jiang Min , Ma Qingtian
Published: July 2020

We investigated the dynamical behavior in the potential of the primary in the triple asteroid (45) Eugenia with the calculation of the full gravitational potential caused by its 3D irregular shape. We presented the whole structure of the gravitational potential and the effective potential of (45) Eugenia in the coordinate planes, and showed the surface height, surface gravitational force accelerations, and the surface effective potential. The surface gravitational environment has been discussed. The zero-velocity curves and the position of external equilibrium points are calculated and showed relative to the 3D shape of the asteroid to help compare the relationship of the characteristic of the gravitational potential and the shape of the asteroid. There are five equilibrium points in the gravitational potential (45) Eugenia. We presented the positions, eigenvalues, topological cases, and stability of these equilibrium points. To analyze the variety of the orbital parameters close to (45) Eugenia, we computed two different orbits and compared the results. The mechanical energy, the semi-major axis, and the eccentricity have two different periods: the long period and the short period. The inclination have three different periods, an intermediate period is occurred. The longitude of the ascending node and the argument of periapsis not only have two periodic terms, but also have a secular term.
Evaluation of serum electrolytes measurement through the 6-year trueness verification program in China
Authors: Yan Ying , Pu Yungang , Zeng Jie , Zhang Tianjiao , Zhou Weiyan , Zhang Jiangtao , Wang Jing , Zhang Chao , Chen Wenxiang , Zhang Chuanbao
Published: July 2020

Objectives

The National Center for Clinical Laboratories (NCCL) in China initiated a serum electrolyte trueness verification (ETV) program in 2014 for measurement standardization.

Methods

Every year, two levels of fresh frozen commutable serum samples determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) reference methods were transported to participating clinical laboratories for the measurement of sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium. Both samples were measured 15 times in 3 days, and the mean values and coefficient variations (CVs) were calculated from the results. The tolerance limits of trueness (bias), precision (CV) and accuracy (TE) based on the biological variation database were used as the evaluation criteria. The overall trend of the ETV program over 6 years was surveyed by calculating the pass rates of the participating laboratories. The mean bias, inter-laboratory CV, and TE of all laboratory results were analysed. Furthermore, homogeneous and heterogeneous systems were compared, and the bias and CV results of mainstream analysis systems were analysed.

Results

Pass rates of the three quality specifications increased, and the overall mean bias and inter-laboratory CVs decreased. The homogeneous system was superior to the heterogeneous system for calcium and magnesium measurements. For sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium, the minimum bias corresponded to Hitachi, Siemens, Beckman AU and Roche, respectively. For inter-laboratory robust CVs, no obvious differences were observed between each peer group.

Conclusions

The commutable ETV materials assigned via reference methods can evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of an individual laboratory and the calibration traceability and uniformity between laboratories for measurements.
The new IVD Regulation 2017/746: a case study at a large university hospital laboratory in Belgium demonstrates the need for clarification on the degrees of freedom laboratories have to use lab-developed tests to improve patient care
Authors: Vermeersch Pieter. , Van Aelst Tobias , Dequeker Elisabeth M.C.
Published: July 2020

Objectives

The new European In Vitro Diagnostic (IVD) Regulation 2017/746 (IVDR) restricts the use of lab-developed tests (LDT) after 26th May 2022. There are no data on the impact of the IVDR on laboratories in the European Union.

Methods

Laboratory tests performed in UZ Leuven were divided in four groups: core laboratory, immunology, special chemistry, and molecular microbiology testing. Each test was classified as Conformité Européenne (CE)-IVD, modified/off-label CE-IVD, commercial Research Use Only (RUO) or LDT. Each matrix was considered a separate test.

Results

We found that 97.6% of the more than 11.5 million results/year were generated with a CE-IVD method. Of the 922 different laboratory tests, however, only 41.8% were CE-IVD, 10.8% modified/off-label CE-IVD, 0.3% RUO, and 47.1% LDT. Off-label CE-IVD was mainly used to test alternative matrices not covered by the claim of the manufacturer (e.g., pleural or peritoneal fluid). LDTs were mainly used for special chemistry, flow cytometry, and molecular testing. Excluding flow cytometry, the main reasons for the use of 377 LDTs were lack of a CE-IVD method (71.9%), analytical requirements (14.3%), and the fact the LDT was in use before CE-IVD available (11.9%).

Conclusions

While the large majority of results (97.6%) were generated with a CE-IVD method, only 41.8% of laboratory tests were CE-IVD. There is currently no alternative on the market for 71.5% of the 537 LDTs performed in our laboratory which do not fall within the scope of the current IVD directive (IVDD). Compliance with the IVDR will require a major investment of time and effort.
Negative hair test result after long-term drug use. About a case involving morphine and literature review
Authors: Kintz Pascal
Published: July 2020

Although it has been accepted by most scientists that drugs circulating in blood are eligible to hair incorporation, this cannot be considered as a general statement. A 42-year old man was found dead in his swimming pool. He was living alone, and seen alive 2 days before by a neighbour. Femoral blood, cardiac blood and hair were collected during body examination. Free morphine was identified in femoral blood at 28 ng/mL, corresponding to his treatment for chronic pain (3 × 5 mg daily for 4 months). However, with a limit of quantitation (LOQ) at 10 pg/mg, segmental hair testing (3 × 1 cm) for morphine was negative. In this paper, the author has reviewed the different factors which can be responsible of this discrepancy. Several variables can influence the detection of a drug in hair and the author has listed reasons that can account for the absence of analytical response in hair after drug administration. The drug may not be incorporated in hair. That is the case for large bio-molecules, such as hormones, which cannot be transferred from the blood capillaries to growing cells of hair. Cosmetic treatments (perming, colouring, bleaching) or environmental aggressions (ultraviolet radiation, thermal application) will always reduce the concentrations. In this case, the lack of morphine detection was attributed to the effects of chlorinated water from the swimming pool. A negative hair result is also a result. However, this can be interpreted in three different ways: 1. the owner of the hair did not take or was not exposed to the specific drug, 2. the procedure is not sensitive enough to detect the drug, or 3. something happened after drug incorporation (cosmetic treatment, environmental influence).
Characterization of silicon acrylic resin containing silica nanoparticles as candidate materials for antifouling and anticorrosion properties in seawater
Authors: Jiang Weibin , Niu Quanliang , Cheng Lin , Zhou Tao , Xie Huasheng
Published: July 2020

The damage caused by marine fouling organisms to ships and underwater artificial equipment is becoming increasingly serious issue, and the prevention and control of marine biofouling has always been a research hotspot in marine coatings. Aiming at the problems of poor adhesion, long curing time and high curing temperature of low-surface energy marine antifouling coatings of organosilicon, a hydrophobic low-surface energy nano-SiO2/silicon acrylic resin nanocomposite coating was synthesized. The anticorrosive property of the composite coatings was analyzed by simulated seawater periodic immersion experiments. The gel permeation chromatography analysis showed that polydimethyl-siloxanes (PDMS) is involved in cross-linking reactions. The dynamic thermomechanical analysis indicated that the glass transition temperature of resin is 58 °C. The contact angle (CA) test showed that the CA of nanocomposite coating is 109.99°. All the detection results can support the excellent antifouling and anticorrosion performance of the low surface energy nanocomposite coatings.
Cooperative and synergistic corrosion inhibition of AA 7075-T6 by praseodymium and CaSO4
Authors: Klomjit Pitichon , Buchheit Rudolph G.
Published: July 2020

In a primer coating system used in aerospace applications to protect aluminum alloy substrate, praseodymium is added as corrosion inhibitors while CaSO4 is primarily added as filler materials. The interaction of Pr and CaSO4 is unknown. The goal of this study is to characterize any cooperative or synergistic inhibition between these two. Cooperative inhibition can be defined when one inhibitor enhances inhibiting effect of the other that already has inhibiting ability. Synergistic inhibition can be defined when one inhibitor activates the inhibiting effect of the other that originally does not inhibit. Optical profilometry, electrochemical techniques and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to characterize corrosion results. The results showed that several pit parameters will affirm the inhibition effect. Electrochemical results cannot always detect modest corrosion inhibitors. Cooperative inhibition was detected in pH 5 while synergistic inhibition was observed in pH 8. Synergistic inhibition occurs because SO4
2− helps with gelation of Pr to passivate the surface.
Study on the classification of seawater corrosivity of typical sea areas in China
Authors: Ding Kangkang , Zhang Penghui , Liu Shaotong , Fan Lin , Guo Weimin , Hou Jian
Published: July 2020

In order to evaluate the seawater corrosivity of typical sea areas in China and provide guidance for the seawater corrosion protection on marine equipment and facilities, field exposure test was carried out. These typical sea areas under various climatic zones in China included Qingdao, Zhoushan, Sanya and a South China Sea reef, and Q235, copper, 5083 aluminum alloy and 304 stainless steel were chosen as test materials. The continuous monitoring of seawater environmental factors (temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, etc.,) and the statistical work of first-year corrosion rates of test materials were done. Then, based on the metal corrosion rates method and the environmental factors method, the seawater corrosivity of these typical sea areas in China were classified, respectively. Furthermore, the classification results from the two methods were compared and analyzed.
Numerical study of serpentine flow field designs effect on proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) performance
Authors: Velisala Venkateswarlu , Pullagura Gandhi , Golagani Naga Srinivasulu
Published: July 2020

The design of flow field greatly influences Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) performance, as it not only distributes the reactants, also removes the product (water) from the cell. Improper water removal blocks the reaction sites, which results in mass transport losses. A complete 3-D numerical model of PEMFC with a single serpentine (1-S), double serpentine (2-S),triple serpentine (3-S) and 3-2-1 serpentine flow fields with round corner was designed with the help of commercial Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code ANSYS FLUENT. Simulations were carried out to investigate the effect of four flow fields on distribution of pressure, mass fraction of H2, O2, current flux density distribution, water content of membrane, and liquid water activity in the flow channels as well as the functioning of cells. Performance properties of proposed four designs were evaluated and found that 3-2-1 serpentine flow field performance is better than the 1-S, 2-S, and 3-S flow fields for the given flow rates of reactants and this 3-2-1 serpentine flow field model was validated with literature experimental data. The results also show that the velocity in channels increases with a decrease in the number of flow passes, which improve the reactions in the catalyst layers, reaction product removal from the cell thus reduces the concentration losses and improves the cell performance.
Response surface methodology for predicting the dimethylphenol removal from wastewater via reverse osmosis process
Authors: Al-Obaidi Mudhar , Al-Nedawe Basman , Mohammad Abdulrahman , Mujtaba Iqbal
Published: July 2020

Reverse Osmosis (RO) process can be considered as one of the intensively used pioneering equipment for reusing wastewater of several applications. The recent study presented the development of an accurate model for predicting the dimethylphenol removal from wastewater via RO process. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was applied to carry out this challenge based on actual experimental data collected from the literature. The independent variables considered are the inlet pressure (5.83–13.58) atm, inlet temperature (29.5–32) ° C, inlet feed flow rate (2.166–2.583) × 10–4 m3/s, and inlet concentration (0.854–8.049) × 10-3 kmol/m3 and the dimethylphenol removal is considered as the response variable. The analysis of variance showed that the inlet temperature and feed flow rate have a negative influence on dimethylphenol removal from wastewater while the inlet pressure and concentration show a positive influence. In this regard, F-value of 240.38 indicates a considerable contribution of the predicted variables of pressure and concentration against the process dimethylphenol rejection. Also, the predicted R2 value of 0.9772 shows the high accuracy of the model. An overall assessment of simulating the performance of RO process against the operating parameters has been systematically demonstrated using the proposed RSM model.
Teamwork in clinical reasoning – cooperative or parallel play?
Authors: Olson Andrew P.J. , Durning Steven J. , Fernandez Branson Carolina , Sick Brian , Lane Kathleen P. , Rencic Joseph J.
Published: July 2020

Teamwork is fundamental for high-quality clinical reasoning and diagnosis, and many different individuals are involved in the diagnostic process. However, there are substantial gaps in how these individuals work as members of teams and, often, work is done in parallel, rather than in an integrated, collaborative fashion. In order to understand how individuals work together to create knowledge in the clinical context, it is important to consider social cognitive theories, including situated cognition and distributed cognition. In this article, the authors describe existing gaps and then describe these theories as well as common structures of teams in health care and then provide ideas for future study and improvement.
Plasma-derived therapy: can the survivors of COVID-19 help the defenseless?
Authors: Majbour Nour , El-Agnaf Omar
Published: July 2020

Following the unprecedented global Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, multiple medical countermeasures ramped up to combat the virus and contain the spread of the pandemic. Despite continued uncertainty and a lack of clarity about the COVID-19, researchers have made tremendous strides in the development of prevention and treatment strategies. In this article, we focus on the use of convalescent plasma as therapeutic approach against COVID-19 infection.
An Analysis of the Structure of Trade Between Australia and China: An Australian Perspective
Authors: Marks Andrew
Published: July 2020

The structure of exports from Australia to China reveals the dominance of primary products with the structure of imports from this country reflecting the over-reliance on manufacturing goods. This has restrained and led to fluctuations in the balance of trade surplus in Australia thereby leading to lower than otherwise and more volatile output and employment growth. The pattern of trade between Australia and China is representative of trade between Australia and the rest of the world thereby magnifying these adverse effects. Strategic trade policy has the potential to alleviate these negative effects on output and employment growth in Australia.
Design of 89/118/166/183 GHz frequency dividing network for microsatellite application
Authors: Meng Jin , Wang Jing , Zhang Dehai , Zhang Shengwei , Jiang Changhong , Ji Guangyu
Published: July 2020

Miniaturizing the microwave circuits for micro-satellite platform has been one of the development trends in microwave remote sensing. A novel 89/118/166/183 GHz frequency dividing network is proposed in this paper which includes two stages: the first stage is an F-G band diplexer that separate 89/118 GHz signals from 166/183 GHz signals. The measured typical transmission loss is 1.5 dB from 83.75 to 124 GHz at one output port as well as 1dB from 141 to 190 GHz at another output port. The second stage contains two diplexers based on waveguide circuit to separate the signals further. The measured typical transmission loss is 0.5 dB for the 89/118 GHz diplexer and 1 dB for the 166/183 GHz diplexer. The above-mentioned frequency dividing network has a vast application prospect due to compact structure and good performance.
Ultrafast Component Effects on Quartz Single Grains Dose Estimation from Khutagt Uul Mountains, Mongolia
Authors: Tengis Saran , Solongo Saran , Munkhtulga Rinchinkhorol
Published: July 2020

This study presents single-grain optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) results from pottery and sediments from the archaeological site “The burials in Khutag Uul Mountains (Mongolia)”. A global fitting procedure was used on a selection of single grains from pottery, D0 values obtained were between 16 to 40 Gy and 25 to 82 Gy and the equivalent doses De ranged from ∼8 to 12 Gy and from 4.2 ± 0.4 Gy to 37.3 ± 2.5 Gy for pottery and sedimentary quartz, correspondingly.

For pottery, the relative spread in CAM De values increases as higher precision constraints are applied and lead to significant increases in the relative standard error from 2.7% to ∼7.5%. The number of accepted grains which passed acceptance criteria reduced from 180 to 65. For sedimentary quartz, there is a trend observed that both MAM De and FMM De values increase as higher precision in De is applied, and the number of accepted grains reduces from 146 to 53.

The detailed study of the OSL decay curves identified an ultrafast OSL component with the decay rates of 53 ± 1 s−1 in addition to the fast and medium components and its effect on De was examined.