bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Automated lung segmentation in digital lateral chest radiographs
Authors: Armato Samuel G. , Giger Maryellen L. , Ashizawa Kazuto , MacMahon Heber
Published: July 2002

We are developing a fully automated computerized scheme for segmenting the lung fields in digital lateral chest radiographs. Existing computer‐aided diagnostic (CAD) schemes and automated lung segmentation methods have focused exclusively on the posteroanterior view, despite the diagnostic importance of the lateral view. Information from the lateral radiograph is routinely incorporated by radiologists in their decision‐making process, and thus computer analysis of lateral images may potentially add another dimension to current CAD schemes. Automated analysis of the lung fields in lateral images will necessarily require accurate segmentation. Our scheme employs an initial procedure to eliminate external and subcutaneous pixels. Global gray‐level histogram analysis then allows for the identification of a range of gray‐level thresholds. An iterative gray‐level thresholding scheme is implemented using this range of thresholds to construct a series of binary images in which contiguous regions are identified and geometrically analyzed. Regions determined to be outside the lungs are prevented from contributing to binary images at later iterations. Adaptive local gray‐level thresholding is applied along the initial contour that results from the global thresholding procedure to extend the contour closer to the true lung borders. This local thresholding method uses regions of interest of various dimensions, depending on the enclosed anatomy. Smoothing and polynomial curve fitting complete the segmentation. A database of 100 normal and 100 abnormal lateral images was analyzed. Quantitative comparison of computer‐segmented lung regions with lung regions manually delineated by two radiologists indicated that 83% and 84% of normal and abnormal images, respectively, displayed segmentation contours within three standard deviations of the mean inter‐radiologist contour degree‐of‐overlap value.
A 10 MV x‐ray zero‐area tissue‐maximum ratio expression constructed by taking into account depth and off‐axis beam quality change
Authors: Iwasaki Akira
Published: July 2002

A 10 MV x‐ray zero‐area TMR (tissue‐maximum ratio) expression was constructed using an attenuation coefficient expression which is a function of depth (z) and off‐axis distance (r). The zero‐area TMR expression can take into account depth and off‐axis beam quality change. The construction is based on a method of convolving one‐dimension forward and backward primary dose‐spread functions with the primary water collision kerma. Additional information required to construct the zero‐area TMR expression for a given fanline at an off‐axis distance of r is the zero‐area TMR value at and the and values in the backward primary dose‐spread function. It was found that the depth of peak zero‐area TMR decreases with increasing r and that for large depths, the zero‐area TMR expression changes significantly as a function of r. Obtaining an accurate expression for zero‐area TMR is important for accurate construction of the three‐dimensional (3D) forward and backward primary dose‐spread functions needed for a 3D convolution method.
Statistical approach for image quality evaluation in daily medical practice
Authors: Gurvich Victor A.
Published: July 2002

The ROC method usually used for image quality evaluation in medical diagnostics has a lot of advantages, however it is too complicated and inconvenient for daily medical practice. In this paper, a simple, rapid, and unbiased statistical approach is suggested as a method for evaluation of detectability of pathology simulators with small size and low contrast. The method takes into consideration both erroneous and true interpretations; within each are two types: false‐positive and false‐negative and true‐positive and true‐negative The methodology consists of the following steps: obtaining an image of a phantom, evaluation of the image by estimating the likelihood of test element presence in each of the numbered phantom areas (in percentage), comparing the real disposition of test elements with the results of the estimation, and calculating the various interpretation probabilities with very simple formulas. Assuming the distribution of photons corresponding to test elements and background are both Gaussian, one can obtain receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves and curves of observer bias for over‐ and under‐reading of test elements presence. Each of these curves is determined by the measurement of a single point. The suggested statistical method can be used for checking and adjusting imaging systems, selecting the physical and technical conditions of a diagnostic procedure, as well as for training and testing operators and physicians. Various designs of statistical phantoms are considered, and the merits of the suggested method and possibilities for its usage in quality assurance medical practice, particularly in x‐ray diagnostics, are described.
Taming chaos with disorder in a pendulum array
Authors: Shew Woodrow L. , Coy Hanna A. , Lindner John F.
Published: July 2002

We designed and constructed an array of ten forced damped nonlinear pendulums. We drove the pivot of the pendulums in a vertical circle and torsionally coupled them with springs. We analyzed the motion using digitized videotape. The behavior of the real array closely mirrored the behavior of its computer simulation. For a homogeneous array of identical pendulums, the spatiotemporal dynamics was chaotic; for a heterogeneous array of nonidentical pendulums, the spatiotemporal dynamics was periodic. Such temporally fixed but spatially varying chaos control has been called “disorder taming chaos.”
Ultrasound-induced lung hemorrhage is not caused by inertial cavitation
Authors: O’Brien William D. , Frizzell Leon A. , Weigel Ronald M. , Zachary James F.
Published: July 2002

In animal experiments, the pathogenesis of lung hemorrhage due to exposure to clinical diagnostic levels of ultrasound has been attributed to an inertial cavitation mechanism. The purpose of this article is to report the results of two experiments that directly contradict the hypothesis that ultrasound-induced lung hemorrhage is caused by inertial cavitation. Elevated hydrostatic pressure was used to suppress the involvement of inertial cavitation. In experiment one, 160 adult mice were equally divided into two hydrostatic pressure groups (0.1 or 1.1 MPa), and were randomly exposed to pulsed ultrasound (2.8-MHz center frequency, 1-kHz PRF, 1.42-μs pulse duration, 10-s exposure duration). For the two hydrostatic pressure groups (80 mice each), 8 in situ peak rarefactional pressure levels were used that ranged between 2.82 and 11.8 MPa (10 mice/group). No effect of hydrostatic pressure on the probability of hemorrhage was observed. These data lead to the conclusion that lung hemorrhage is not caused by inertial cavitation. Also, the higher hydrostatic pressure enhanced rather than inhibited the impact of ultrasonic pressure on the severity (hemorrhage area, depth, and volume) of lesions. These counterintuitive findings were confirmed in a second experiment using a 2×5 factorial design that consisted of two ultrasonic pressure levels and five hydrostatic pressure levels (100 mice, 10 mice/group). If inertial cavitation were the mechanism responsible for lung hemorrhage, then elevated hydrostatic pressures should have resulted in less rather than more tissue damage at each ultrasonic pressure level. This further supports the conclusion that the pathogenesis of ultrasound-induced lung hemorrhage is not caused by inertial cavitation.
Response to “Comment on ‘Ultrasound-induced lung hemorrhage is not caused by inertial cavitation’ ” [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 110, 1737 (2001)]
Authors: Frizzell Leon A. , Kramer Jeffery M. , Zachary James F. , O’Brien William D.
Published: July 2002

We reply to the preceding letter [R. E. Apfel, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 110, 1737 (2001)].
Active suppression of sound diffracted by a barrier: An outdoor experiment
Authors: Omoto A. , Takashima K. , Fujiwara K. , Aoki M. , Shimizu Y.
Published: July 2002

The active control method was used to suppress the sound diffracted by an outdoor barrier. This method operated by the cancellation of the sound pressure at the diffraction edge of the barrier, which normally behaves like the virtual source of the diffracted field. The results of two experiments are shown in this paper. In the first experiment, we employed two independent controllers that utilized multi-channel adaptive signal processing to minimize the sum of the mean square of the sound pressure at four and six points along the diffraction edge. Measurement of sound pressure levels at various distances from the barrier showed effective sound suppression, with about 6-dB excess attenuation over the barrier’s insertion loss at the receiver at a distance of 50 m. A practically realistic noise source, a fan blower, was used as a primary source in the second experiment and the moderate attenuation could be achieved at almost all the receiver points. The results obtained in these two experiments provided the experimental verification of the strategy for the active suppression of sound diffracted by a noise barrier.
Tube waves and mandrel modes: Experiment and theory
Authors: Hsu Chaur-Jian , Kostek Sergio , Linton Johnson David
Published: July 2002

The characteristics of tube waves in a borehole, with and without a solid cylindrical mandrel, which may be either elastic or poro-elastic, are compared. With an elastic mandrel, the tube waves are slower, more dispersive, and more sensitive to the formation shear modulus than without. Similarly extensional mode characteristics are compared in the presence of a formation. In the presence of an elastic formation the extensional mode is faster, more dispersive than without, and it is only slightly sensitive to the formation shear properties. These calculated characteristics are in excellent agreement with our measured data. Additionally, the characteristics of tube waves and extensional modes are studied in a borehole in the presence of a concentric liquid-saturated porous mandrel whose acoustic properties are calculated using the Biot theory. The coupling of the tube wave propagating in the annulus with the slow wave propagating in the porous mandrel introduces attenuation and additional dispersion to the tube waves; the effect on the extensional mode is slight. Theoretically calculated and experimentally measured dispersion and attenuation are in excellent agreement with each other, with no adjustable parameters. Whether the mandrel is porous or not, there are two modes which are weakly dispersive in the quasistatic limit. Very roughly, the two modes consist of an extensional mode in the rod and a fluid-based mode in the annulus which are coupled together.
Acquisition of language-specific word-initial unvoiced stops: VOT, intensity, and spectral shape in American English and Swedish
Authors: Buder Eugene H. , Stoel-Gammon Carol
Published: July 2002

By 30 months of age, children learning American English (AE) or Swedish (S) have begun to acquire language specific aspects of word-initial /t/s [Stoel-Gammon et al., Phonetica 51, 146–158 (1994)]. The coronal stop is ostensibly alveolar in AE and dental in S, suggesting a place mechanism for the distinctive acoustic measures obtained from both adults and toddlers from these languages (specifically burst frequency shape as measured by spectral mean and standard deviation, and burst intensity as calibrated to following vowel). However, these measures, as well as voice onset time, are also distinctive in the same directions for other unvoiced stop consonants in adults and children, suggesting a system-wide mechanism for language-specific behaviors in this domain. Current results on word-initial /p/s, /t/s, and /k/s from both 24-month- and 30-month-old children are interpreted as evidence for early acquisition of specific allophonic phonetic aspects of consonants. [Work supported by NICHD.]
BAILII: Judgment Day and Beyond
Authors: Winterton Jules
Published: August 2022

This article by Jules Winterton, CEO of BAILII, is an expanded version of the presentation he delivered as the Willi Steiner Memorial Lecture 2022. The article briefly recounts the history of the British and Irish Legal Information Institute (BAILII) and its achievements, the features of the service and the challenges of publishing judgments. It sets BAILII in the context of recent government initiatives and outlines plans for the future of BAILII.
Vestido que desenha formas: a linha como movimento em Cecília Meireles
Authors: Lopes Vivian Caroline Fernandes
Published: August 2022

O artigo estuda os desenhos publicados de Cecília Meireles e aprofunda-se no procedimento de construção e composição visual da artista. É desdobrado em três nichos de trabalho: a linha caligráfica e a síntese poética; a instabilidade e o fragmento; e a pesquisa de gestos. Palavra e imagem unem-se em uma correspondência de linguagens que ilumina a leitura de sua poesia e discute a faceta menos conhecida de sua produção plástica.
O retrato e outros poemas
Authors: Pavarin Guilherme
Published: August 2022

Poema de Guilherme Pavarin.
A infiltração
Authors: Rabelo Laura Cohen
Published: August 2022

Poema de Laura Cohen Rabelo
Sobre a distância na poesia de Cecília Meireles
Authors: Maria Neto Mariana Carlos
Published: August 2022

Neste artigo, pretendemos pensar o sentido filosófico e histórico da distância na poesia de Cecília Meireles. Partimos da definição que Pierre Hadot faz de “exercício espiritual”, para rastrear os possíveis vínculos da poesia ceciliana com a tradição precedente. Para aprofundar no tema, nos deteremos à análise do poema “Irrealidade”, de "'Mar absoluto e outros poemas'.
Alternative approaches to financial crises in emerging markets
Authors: SACHS JEFFREY
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT This text analyzes the occurrence of crises in the financial markets of the so-called emerging economies. In the second section, we analyze the factors that can lead to financial crises in these markets, as well as suggest some macroeconomic measures or institutional arrangements that could prevent or minimize them. The third section discusses the role of international organizations, especially the IMF, in preventing and resolving these crises.
The Effect of Post-Harvest UV-A And UV-B Light Applications on the Quality Characteristics of Fruits and Vegetables
Authors: CUMHUR Öznur
Published: August 2022

In the post-harvest storage of fruits and vegetables, various problems such as product and nutrient losses are combated by using traditional and new storage technologies. Ultraviolet (UV) light applications are one of the new technologies used for the protection and improvement of food products. In this study, the effects of UV-A and UV-B light applications as an acceptable abiotic stress on the sensory and nutritional quality characteristics of fruits and vegetables were evaluated within the scope of studies. In addition, information on the possible use of UV technology in the fruit and vegetable industry is presented. Findings from literature data show that environmentally friendly UV light technology can be used to reduce product losses, improve nutritional quality and sensory properties, increase antioxidant capacity, and extend shelf life in various fruits and vegetables.
Sociobiodiversidade Amazônica: Saberes, olhares e práticas agroecológicas (Vol I)
Authors: Gomide Plínio Henrique Oliveira , Falcão Márcia Teixeira
Published: August 2022

O livro “Sociobiodiversidade Amazônica: saberes, olhares e práticas agroecológicas” tem como objetivo promover e disseminar o conhecimento agroecológico produzido na Amazônia para a sociedade em geral, visando estimular e valorizar as pesquisas produzidas na região. Trata-se do primeiro volume de artigos referentes a temática agroecológica, ao todo são doze artigos distribuídos em duas partes, a primeira que trata da biodiversidade funcional da Amazônia e a segunda parte que reúne as pesquisas voltadas a agroecologia e meio ambiente na Amazônia.
CHEMY SHOOTER GAME BASED COMPUTER AS INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA ON ACID BASE FOR IMPROVE SELF-EFFICACY
Authors: Rukmana Maissy Diana , Lutfi Achmad
Published: August 2022

This study aims to obtain the game as an acid-based learning media that can improve the self-efficacy skills of students of high school studentsusing the Chemy Shooter game as a learning media on acid-base materials with research and development (R&D) methods.The validation assessment results obtained 90,79% had fulfilled the validity category. The results of questionnaire responses and observations of students activities gained 96,16% and 93,33% with the category of very practical. Student learning outcomes significant values in the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test obtained a pretest value of 0,200 and posttest 0,200 so that it is greater than 0,05 so that it is normally distributed and Paired Sample t-Test test obtained significant pretest and posttest 0,000 significant values are less than 0,05 so that there are differences in the average pretest and posttest scores and the results of students self-efficacy skills gained 89,20% in the very effective category.
Training of Geogebra Software to Solve the Problems of Cube and Beam Space in SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Purwokerto
Authors: Muhammad Malim , Sugiyanto Sigit
Published: August 2022

The development and progress of science and technology are experiencing a rapid increase, including in the field of education. Mathematics is one of the fields of study that is always taught at every level of school education. Along with the increasing development of science and technology, mathematics as a basic science has a very important role. The purpose of this study is to train SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Purwokerto students to improve their practical ability, in this case, the use of the software GeoGebra.  This study's subjects are the students and teachers of Muhammadiyah 1 Purwokerto. The study location is SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Purwokerto, with around 44 persons.  Implementation of the activities through presenting the material about the program GeoGebra in Cube and Beams in finishing materials. The results of service activities are to overcome the grasp of spatial skills and improve the ability of information and communication technologies in particular mathematical software, in this case, the use of the software GeoGebra as a medium of learning in solving mathematical material in particular, material Beam and Cube.
FORMATION OF READINESS OF FUTURE FORESTRY SPECIALISTS FOR PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY BASED ON META-SUBJECT INTEGRATION IN CLASSROOM AND EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES
Authors: Khryk Vasyl
Published: August 2022

The article reveals the problem of the formation of readiness of future forestry specialists for professional activity on the basis of meta-subject integration in classroom and extracurricular activities. It is established that the training of future forestry specialists is based on the idea of integrating the efforts and capabilities of different objects and subjects of professional training, which provides for the interconnection of classroom and extracurricular activities. It is revealed that the effectiveness of training of future forestry specialists in classroom and extracurricular activities was provided by meta-subject integration which is the integration of educational material of disciplines of different scientific fields, synthesis of knowledge, skills, and competencies of higher education. It is proved that conducting integration classes on the basis of active teaching methods with the involvement of subject teachers allows to implement an integrative approach and to promote the readiness of future forestry professionals to work according to the following criteria: motivational-personal, cognitive-informational, and effective-practical. The use of methods of a problem statement, problem-solving and project method, etc. in the process of training allows considering potential possibilities of software on the basis of real, significant for the specialist of forestry professional situations, promoting the development of readiness.It is established that the formation of readiness of future forestry professionals for professional activities is achieved through the use of such forms and methods of organizing the educational process in classroom work as business games, defense of creative projects, case studies, teamwork, group discussions, independent work, and more. It is revealed that the current forms of extracurricular activities are electives, various forms of group and club work, quizzes, competitions, exhibitions, expeditions, tourist trips, tourist clubs, professional competitions, professional skills tournaments, and professional career passport development. A special place is given to manufacturing practice.

Keywords: formation; readiness; future specialists; forestry; professional activity; meta-subject integration; forms; methods; classroom and extracurricular activities.
SELF-EDUCATION OF THE EDUCATOR IN A MODERN PRESCHOOL EDUCATION INSTITUTION
Authors: Kryvda Valentyna
Published: August 2022

The article actualizes the issue of educator’s self-education in a modern preschool institution. It is noted that in the conditions of reforming and updating the system of preschool education one of the priority tasks is the formation of a creative personality of a specialist capable of self-development, self-education, and innovation. The study shows that Ukraine’s integration into the international European society is an update of the education system aimed at training educated, creative, and competitive professionals who are ready to meet today’s new challenges and adopt and apply modern concepts, projects, innovative methods, and educational tools and able to constantly learn. The content of the concept of “self-education” as an integral ability, the result of improving professional competence, which is to master, review, and clarify information, disseminate self-education practices aimed at self-improvement and self-realization of interests and needs of educators of modern preschool education. It is proved that in the context of professional activity of a modern preschool educator self-education is determined by its qualitative personal characteristics, which includes a system of improving theoretical knowledge, pedagogical skills, mastering innovative technologies, forms and methods, teaching and educating preschool children, learning and implementing best practices, modern achievements of pedagogical and psychological science, organization of modern educational process in preschool education, ability, and readiness for continuous self-education in preschool, in order to ensure the effectiveness of this activity.

Keywords: self-education; self-educational activity; organization of self-education; preschool institution; self-analysis; self-preparation; self-education planning; innovative forms of self-educational activity.
English E-Book as Supporting Learning Media for X Grade Students
Authors: Ma’arif Iin Baroroh , Putri Ade Bonita
Published: August 2022

The objective of this research is to develop an English E-book as supporting learning media for students at X grade. This learning media consist of some materials in which each materials are completed by some exercises and quiz. The materials in this E-Book are based on senior high school syllabus of curriculum K13. This is a developmental research which adopt Developmental model in research procedures. This model have several steps, those are; 1) Analysis, 2) Design, 3) Development, 4) Implementation, and 5) Evaluation. The result of this research showed from the media validation result got 4,4 score it was in “very good” category, and the material validation got 4,5 score it was in “very good” category. By having those result, this English E-Book is feasible to be used as supporting learning media for X grade students. Furthermore the result of this research can be used as reference for other researchers in exploring and developing English learning media in different level of students.
“Our literature will speak about victory, life, death, loss, love, and peace”: A Conversation with Olga Derkachova
Authors: Kostecka Weronika , Mik Anna , Niewieczerzał Marta , Skowera Maciej , Stępień Karolina
Published: August 2022

This conversation with Olga Derkachova explores Ukrainian children’s and young adult literature, especially in the context of the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
АВТОМАТИЗАЦІЯ ПЕРЕКЛАДУ КІНО- І ВІДЕОФІЛЬМІВ
Authors: Ткаченко Олексій
Published: August 2022

У статті розглянуто можливість автоматизації перекладу кіно- і відеофільмів та вимоги щодо удосконалення й прискорення процесів перекладу в цій галузі діяльності. Найбільш поширені закадровий переклад і дублювання фільмів. В обох випадках перекладач може скористатися програмами автоматичного перекладу. У статті проаналізовано переваги та доцільність використання таких програм транскрипції, як Transkriptor, Gglot, Sonix, Happyscribe, Vocalmatic тощо. Ці програми дають змогу перекладачеві працювати без основного сценарію фільму, маючи лише акторський текст. Йдеться про роботу з відео форматом, який треба перевести у текстовий формат, наприклад, txt або doc чи docx. У статті проаналізовано також можливість перекладу текстів різних фільмів такими програмами, як Promt, Google Translate тощо, і зроблено висновки про можливості перекладу сценаріїв деяких видів фільмів, окрім перекладу художніх фільмів. Цей матеріал зібрано з метою поінформувати перекладацький загал про сучасні широкі можливості та нові розробки в машинному перекладі у сфері кіно. Мета цієї статті – привернути увагу до проблематики, пов’язаної з роботою перекладача в сучасних умовах.
Análise microbiológica de xaropes fitoterápicos (hedera helix l.) de uso adulto/pediátrico comercializados na cidade de Teresina-PI
Authors: Ferreira Ana Maria Castro , Sousa Leilane Ribeiro de , Amorim Mateus Sávio , Alves Maria Jucileide , Santos Viviane De Sousa , Leal Joelma Cristina Silva de Jesus , Santos Nayana Mirian Oliveira dos , Bezerra Jordianne Thamires Rodrigues , Gonçalves Junior Jobervan Ribeiro , Silva Amanda Miranda da
Published: August 2022

Segundo a RDC N° 26/2014, fitoterápicos são produto obtido de matéria-prima ativa vegetal, com finalidade profilática, curativa ou paliativa. A necessidade do controle microbiológico desses produtos é importante, devido, principalmente, à segurança, eficácia e aceitabilidade desses produtos. O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o controle microbiológico de xaropes a base da planta Hedera helix L. Foram analisadas duas marcas de xaropes fitoterápicos. Foram realizadas duas diluições (1:10 e 1:100) com neutralização dos conservantes, e posterior transferência para o caldo de enriquecimento, e incubação na estufa a 37ºC por 24hrs. Para a contagem total de microrganismos mesófilos foi utilizado o Método em profundidade, para bolores e leveduras utilizou método em superfície e para pesquisa de microrganismos, a presença das bactérias Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella sp. Na amostra 1, observou crescimento de colônias brancas e amarelas na diluição 10¹, e para diluição em 10², não houve crescimento microbiano. Já para amostra 2 na diluição de 10¹ verificou incontáveis colônias amarelas pequenas, com constatação de cocos Gram positivos, enquanto que na diluição 10², não teve nenhum crescimento. Para a contagem de bolores e leveduras, na amostra 1 em ambas diluições, não identificou forma fúngica e amostra 2 na diluição 10¹ constatou incontáveis colônias mucoides, com coloração acastanhada. O presente trabalho, comprovou a necessidade do controle microbiológico de produtos fitoterápicos uma vez que a segurança, eficácia e aceitabilidade desses produtos precisam ser mantidas para evitar alterações em suas propriedades físicas e químicas e evitar risco de infecção para seus usuários.
The prevalence of dysphagia and changes in the quality of swallowing in patients infected with COVID-19
Authors: Cardoso Andréia Martins de Souza , Figueiredo Ana Clara Gonçalves de , Nunes Maria Cristina de Alencar , Stechman Neto José , Araújo Cristiano Miranda de , Santos Rosane Sampaio
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The emergence of COVID-19 has given rise to research on possible consequences on swallowing and on the quality of swallowing in individuals who were infected by SARS-CoV2. Pulmonary infections, the need for orotracheal intubation, tracheostomy, symptoms, comorbidities, and other factors caused uncertainties about the interference of these factors in the function of swallowing and in quality of life. Objective: To verify the association between the prevalence of swallowing disorders and the quality of life of patients with possible risk factors infected with COVID-19. Methods: This is an observational, analytical, cross-sectional, quantitative study. It was carried out from August to September 2020, in a Hospital in Brasília – DF, with patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 infection. 90 individuals participated in this study; they were adults and elderly with a mean age of 59.9 ± 16.09. Among participants, 55 were men (61.1%) and 35 were women (38.9%) who had a history of swallowing disorders. Data were collected through the analysis of patients' medical records, application of the EAT-10 Test, and the Quality of Life in Swallowing Disorders (SWAL-QOL) validated for Brazilian Portuguese. Results: Considering the scores obtained by the EAT-10 questionnaire, the analysis showed a statistical significance for the variables senescence and tracheostomy (p < 0.05). The analysis of the SWAL-QOL test was performed by domains and showed a statistical significance between the variables senescence, tracheostomy, ageusia, anosmia, and hyporexia. Conclusion: Elderly people infected with COVID-19 and in need of tracheostomy have a greater chance of dysphagia. In addition, factors such as senescence, tracheostomy, age and hyporexia can improve the quality of swallowing in these patients.
Ação de herbicidas sobre o crescimento in vitro dos isolados Trichoderma e Azospirillum
Authors: Sousa Kellen Ângela Oliveira de , Santos Tasso Tavares dos , Lima Celso Afonso , Lopes Milena Barreira , Moura Dalilla Moreira de Oliveira , Ferreira Ana Licia Leão , Almeida Letícia Bezerra , Chagas Lillian França Borges , Chagas Junior Aloisio Freitas
Published: August 2022

O uso de microrganismos na agricultura surge como uma alternativa para o controle de doenças e na promoção de crescimento vegetal. Entretanto, o uso indiscriminado de herbicidas para determinada cultura pode comprometer a microbiota do solo. Diante disso, objetivou-se avaliar a compatibilidade in vitro dos herbicidas utilizados no manejo de plantas daninhas da cultura da soja sobre o comportamento de crescimento de Trichoderma asperellum e Azospirillum brasilense. Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 x 4, com três repetições. O fator A correspondeu às doses dos herbicidas; e o fator B, aos quatro tipos de herbicidas, e para a testemunha o cultivo dos microrganismos em meio de cultura sem adição da solução dos herbicidas. O ensaio foi realizado em condições in vitro, e para o isolado de T. asperellum avaliou-se o crescimento micelial radial (CMR) e a esporulação dos isolados, e para o isolado de A. brasilense avaliou-se a formação de halo de inibição e unidade formadores de colônias (UFC mL-1). Tendo em vista que não apresentou significância, os herbicidas na menor dose afetaram o crescimento fúngico e microbiano dos isolados de T. asperellum e A. brasilense. Para ambos os isolados, o herbicida Crucial® e Boral® apresentaram maior interferência nos crescimentos microbianos.
Alergia alimentar em felino: relato de caso
Authors: Santos Gabriela de Assis dos , Souza Philipi Coutinho de , Reis Poliana Beker dos , Almeida Ana Carolina Ortegal , Bezerra João Manoel Magalhães Almeida , Honda Claudia Natsuki , Santana Ana Beatriz
Published: August 2022

A alergia alimentar é bastante citada em cães e humanos, mas nos gatos são poucos os relatos que a diferenciam da síndrome da pele atópica felina, sendo a sintomatologia parecida. O prurido de face e região cervical nessa espécie é frequentemente relatado. O diagnóstico finitivo é realizado através da exclusão de outras afecções dermatológicas e testes alimentares. A dieta de eliminação consiste em retirar algum nutriente da dieta por determinado período e posteriormente realizar desafios com o mesmo alimento, com intuito de um diagnóstico cauteloso. Caso o paciente apresente sinais clínicos durante o desafio, ele será considerado alérgico para esse alimento. Diante do fato de não existirem critérios bem definidos para essa doença e do aumento da casuística na clínica, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar o caso de um felino, SRD que, após ser tratado sem sucesso por outras enfermidades cutâneas, demonstrou melhora clínica com o tratamento para alergia alimentar.
Impactos na saúde mental de fisioterapeutas durante a pandemia de COVID-19: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Mastroianni Viviane Wanderley , Amorim Iris Fernanda Ivone de Medeiros , Silva Jakson Henrique , Campos Shirley Lima , Araújo Maria das Graças Rodrigues de , Andrade Armele de Fátima Dornelas de , Brandão Daniella Cunha
Published: August 2022

Introdução: Os profissionais de saúde passaram por uma profunda mudança em seu trabalho para combater a pandemia da COVID-19, que levou a um potencial impacto psicológico e emocional desta população. Nenhuma das revisões sistemáticas que avaliaram a saúde mental desses profissionais aborda especificamente os fisioterapeutas. Objetivo: Identificar riscos de saúde mental em fisioterapeutas, e fatores pessoais e sistêmicos que aumentam sua vulnerabilidade. Métodos: Revisão sistemática realizada segundo as diretrizes da Cochrane. A busca sistemática foi realizada entre outubro de 2021 e janeiro de 2022, nas bases de dados: CENTRAL, ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO ICTRP, SCIENCE DIRECT, Google Scholar, SCIELO, LILACS, PUBMED/MEDLINE e bioRxiv/medRvix, por trabalhos publicados entre 2020 e 2021. Foram considerados estudos com texto completo, publicados ou não, em qualquer língua, em qualquer local, avaliando os impactos da saúde mental exclusivamente em fisioterapeutas, durante a pandemia. A qualidade metodológica dos artigos foi avaliada utilizando a ferramenta Risk of Bias (RoB) por meio do software RevMan 5.4.1. Resultados e Discussão: Após a busca e análise pelos critérios de elegibilidade, 8 artigos foram incluídos para análise qualitativa. Todos eles foram estudos transversais, exclusivamente com fisioterapeutas. O tamanho da amostra foi de 1007 fisioterapeutas. Conclusão: A pandemia de COVID-19 aumentou a incidência de ansiedade, depressão, estresse, alterações na qualidade do sono e de vida, alterações na emoção e sentimentos, sofrimento psicológico, distúrbio pós-traumático e Burnout em fisioterapeutas. Porém, estudos mais robustos, e direcionados para a população de fisioterapeutas são necessários para aumentar o nível de evidência do estudo em questão.
Contaminação por bactérias resistentes a antibióticos em alimentos: o perigo de comer vegetais prontos para o consumo
Authors: Nilo Maryah Christina dos Santos Senna , Marin Victor Augustus
Published: August 2022

Introdução: A alta tendência ao consumo de vegetais prontos para o consumo nos últimos anos, tem sido significativamente associado a surtos de infecções e intoxicações alimentares. Esses alimentos são potencialmente contaminados por microorganismos patogênicos e a maior preocupação está relacionada com a exposição humana a agentes antimicrobianos resistentes, o que encorajou os pesquisadores a estudarem várias fontes de cepas resistentes em alimentos. Objetivo: o objetivo desse estudo foi elucidar a contaminação de vegetais prontos para o consumo com bactérias resistentes a antibióticos e os riscos de consumi-los. Metodologia:  trata-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura que buscou elucidar os riscos do consumo de vegetais prontos para o consumo devido a sua contaminação com bactérias resistentes a antibióticos. A pesquisa foi realizada através do acesso online nas bases de dados: Google Scholar, National Library of Medicine (PubMed MEDLINE), Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). Resultados e Discussões: Resultados e Discussões: Em todos os 25 artigos pesquizados foram encontradas bactérias resistentes. No total obtivemos uma média de 86,51% de bactérias que foram resistentes a pelo menos 1 antibiótico. Das bactérias que demonstraram resistência 76,92 foram resistentes a pelo menos 5 antibióticos e 44,23% foram a mais de 10 antibióticos. Conclusão: O presente estudo demonstra que os vegetais prontos para o consumo possuem uma grande microbiota com diferentes gêneros de bactérias e essas com resistência aos antibióticos.
Programa Consultório na Rua: revisão integrativa sobre as normas de criação, implementação e participação da Odontologia no programa
Authors: Mariano Gabriel Gonçalves , Dornellas Ana Paula , Spinola Vitória Borges , Garrido Deise , Haddad Ana Estela
Published: August 2022

O Programa Consultório na Rua (PCR) destaca-se como estratégia de atendimento integral à saúde para a População em Situação de Rua, atuando de forma descentralizada, multiprofissional, dentro das diretrizes da Atenção Básica. Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura com o objetivo de analisar a produção científica referente ao programa desde a documentação oficial até sua implantação. Além disso, foi verificado o estágio de implementação do programa e um recorte da sua atuação na região metropolitana de São Paulo. A busca reuniu 16 artigos, publicados entre 2013 e 2018, localizados nas bases de dados LILACS, SciELO, BVS e seis documentos oficiais envolvidos na elaboração e implantação do programa encontrados nas bases de dados oficiais do governo federal. Diferentes abordagens metodológicas foram adotadas nos estudos encontrados, com destaque para os estudos observacionais. Destacou-se na documentação a gestão interministerial e descentralizada no desenvolvimento das estratégias de ação. A evolução das práticas de atenção e o trabalho multiprofissional foram também destacados. O programa conta atualmente com 166 equipes, porém no Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde (CNES) consta o cadastro de 159 em todo o Brasil, sendo 34 na região metropolitana de São Paulo, que se destaca pelo número de equipes e pela implementação de estratégias inovadoras, como as Unidades Odontológicas Móveis. Conclui-se que o PCR se encontra em processo de implementação, com cobertura ainda baixa frente à demanda, agravada pela pandemia da COVID-19. Entretanto, cumpre um papel de relevância, criando a oportunidade de atenção à saúde para uma população altamente vulnerável.
New Occurences of Agaricomycetes (Fungi) to the Brazilian Pampa Biome
Authors: Heberle Marines de Avila , Costa Alice Lemos , Lopes Cassiane Furlan , Velloso Jorge Renato Pinheiro , Putzke Jair
Published: August 2022

The study of Agaricomycetes in the Brazilian Pampa Biome is still incipient, but it is very necessary for the valorization and preservation activities in this area. In terms of fungal diversity, it is the least studied Brazilian biome, with only 84 species already described for the site, despite the great diversity of fauna and flora that this biome presents. The objective of this work is to know more about the mycodiversity of this biome, contributing to a better understanding of the distribution and ecology of the Agaricales. The collections were made following the usual methodology for Agaricales (Basidiomycota). Thus, specimens were collected for studies to identification to species level by macro- and microscopic characters. Descriptions of seven species collected in the rural region surrounding the city of São Gabriel, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil are presented, which are cited for the first time for the Pampa Biome, namely: Macrolepiota mastoidea, Protostropharia alcis ssp. austrobrasiliensis, Trogia buccinalis, Crepidotus euterpicola, Entoloma depluens, Lepiota subincarnata and Neopaxillus echinospermus. These new citations reinforce the importance of studies on the biodiversity of the Pampa biome for its preservation.
Plantas medicinais do cerrado: estudos etnobotânicos e etnofarmacológico
Authors: Vargem Daiana da Silva , Braz Vivian da Silva , Lemes Erick de Oliveira , Peixoto Josana de Castro
Published: August 2022

Os estudos etnobotânicos e etnofarmacológicos existentes possuem como consenso que o bioma Cerrado é detentor de uma das maiores diversidades biológicas de espécies, principalmente quando se trata de plantas com potencial medicinal. Pesquisas sobre a flora medicinal do Cerrado tem sido realizadas para todos os Estados abrangidos pelo bioma, e considerando o alto grau de endemismo que cada região possui em relação a certas espécies, estas regiões apresentarão uma flora medicinal com espécies comuns a outras e com espécies particulares. A metodologia utilizada neste estudo foi a revisão bibliográfica e de análise de dados, a qual se mostrou mais adequada para este tipo de pesquisa, porque visa identificar a produção quantitativa e qualitativa do tema em questão nos últimos vinte anos. Neste estudo, foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico de pesquisas etnobotânicos e etnofarmacológicas abordando plantas medicinais do Cerrado. Baseando-se no pressuposto de que o Cerrado é um bioma que apresenta um valor inestimável devido à sua biodiversidade, observa-se a necessidade de pesquisas e valorização do conhecimento em torno das espécies vegetais presentes nesse cenário. Outro aspecto que merece ser destacado, é que o medicamento fitoterápico tradicional é aquele elaborado a partir de planta medicinal de uso embasado na tradição popular, sem evidências conhecidas de risco à saúde do usuário, cuja eficácia é validada através de levantamentos etnofarmacológicos e de utilização, documentação científica ou publicações indexadas.
Proposta para construção de instrumento para cuidado farmacêutico em oncologia
Authors: Batista Angela Valéria de Araújo , Maia Cristiane do Socorro Ferraz , Ferreira Ilma Pastana , Chermont Aurimery Gomes , Santos Valéria Regina Cavalcante dos , Carneiro Irna Carla do Rosário Souza
Published: August 2022

Introdução: O câncer é o nome dado a um conjunto de mais de cem patologias, que tem como características em comum a iniciação por dano em genes específicos do DNA e o crescimento autônomo e desordenado de células que adquirem capacidade de invadir órgãos e tecidos adjacentes acarretando em transtornos funcionais. Objetivo: Construir um modelo de formulário de acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico para pacientes oncológicos. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo sobre a construção de um formulário de acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico para serviços de oncologia. O formulário será construído e adaptado para ser avaliado por especialistas na área que serão designados de “Juízes especialistas”. O intuito é que seja um instrumento aberto, que após finalizado sirva de embasamento para criação de outros formulários de cuidado farmacêutico e ajude na prática clínica diária, por isso, o instrumento será registrado e disponibilizado em plataformas de acesso. O instrumento será elaborado de acordo com as necessidades de um atendimento a paciente oncológico, dentro dos limites da competência do farmacêutico, com o objetivo de verificar as necessidades do paciente e garantir que sua terapia medicamentosa seja apropriada e com medicamentos seguros e efetivos, além de utilizados corretamente. Perspectivas futuras: Implementação nos serviços de terapia oncológica; Registro do produto no portal EduCapes e Abrir portas para novos estudos de desenvolvimento na área de oncologia.
Assessment of forces exerted by Haas and Hyrax palatal expanders using fiber optic sensors
Authors: Ferreira Giovanna Simião , Oliveira Valmir de , Oppitz Layza Rossatto , Moura Camila Carvalho de , Salvação Sara Moreira Leal , Silva Gustavo Vizinoni e , Ignácio Sérgio Aparecido , Tanaka Orlando Motohiro , Schappo Claudia , Vanzela Nathalia Juliana , Andreis Patrícia Kern Di Scala , Camargo Elisa Souza
Published: August 2022

Objective: To evaluate the initial forces generated by two types of palatal expansion appliances, through fiber optic sensors, in elastomeric models. Materials and Methods: An elastomeric model simulating the upper dental arch was fabricated. The sensors were placed adjacent to the first premolars and the first molars roots (apical, cervical, vestibular, palatal). Hyrax and Haas palatal expanders were fitted onto the dental arch. Activation of the screw was performed 4 times. The variations in wavelengths of each sensor during the activations were recorded. ANOVA and Games-Howell were used (P <.05). Results: In the first premolars, the force generated by Hyrax was higher than that generated by Haas in the cervical and apical regions of the palatal and vestibular surfaces, respectively; in the first molars, the force was higher in the cervical vestibular region than that in the cervical palatal region for both the appliances; in Hyrax, the force was higher in the apical vestibular than in the apical palatine in tooth 14 (P <.05). There was no difference between the devices for each activation; the total force generated by Hyrax was equal to that of Haas (P <.05). Conclusions: The fiber optic sensors were effective in measuring the initial forces generated by the studied palatal expanders. Hyrax and Haas palatal expanders produced similar forces. Greater force was recorded on the vestibular surfaces.
Tailored Leadership as a Post-COVID-19 Opportunity for Enhanced Performance
Authors: Melton Rebecca M. , Brooks Kimberly B.
Published: August 2022

It is recognized that COVID-19 and its aftermath continue to present great challenges for many leaders. First, the chapter presents a review of leadership styles and their main tenets. Next, a framework by which leaders may tailor their approach to a task, issue, or employee challenge is suggested. Fifteen considerations are discussed with a user-friendly set of five overarching facets beginning with the letter P: purpose, person, place, project, and pacing. The authors propose that utilizing this framework may enhance the performance of the organization through a leader's consideration of the context of the scenario and its interaction with an employee or team. With each facet, the chapter discusses a critical connection to servant leadership. Further, questions for reflection are offered through which a leader may recognize strengths and glean actionable insights. Last, considerations for future research are presented.
Physician Perspectives Regarding the Use of Electronic Health Records in Public Health Disease Reporting
Authors: Stewart Michelle
Published: August 2022

The collection of timely and accurate healthcare data is imperative to successful disease reporting in public health. The devastating effects of fragmented and inaccurate disease reporting became readily apparent during COVID-19. The purpose of this chapter is to review public health disease reporting practices for consideration of incorporation of electronic health records into disease reporting. The perspectives of physicians were gathered through a case study focused on disease reporting and interoperability with electronic health records. Findings from this chapter may prove useful in public health policy review and for decision-making in meaningful use legislation and health information technology integration. Findings from this research may also serve as the catalyst for additional research focused on public health industry perspectives, various disease reporting mandates, and the incorporation of health information technology into public health disease reporting processes.