bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La crise économique de 2020 signe-t-elle la fin de la mondialisation ? Une interprétation dans le contexte de la crise sanitaire de la Covid-19
Authors: Abdelmalki Lahsen , Attarça Mourad
Published: February 2022

Les relations traditionnelles qui existent entre la croissance économique et le commerce international sont passablement perturbées par la crise de la Covid-19 qui sévit depuis le printemps 2020. Alors que les organisations économiques internationales annoncent un creusement prononcé du cycle de croissance (OCDE, FMI, etc.) ou des investissements directs étrangers (CNUCED), une aggravation bien plus prononcée devrait affecter les échanges mondiaux de biens et de services prévient l’OMC. Si le pessimisme des prévisions statistiques fait la quasi-unanimité parmi les économistes et les observateurs politiques, tel n’est pas le cas pour les effets structurels induits par la crise elle-même. Pour certains, la crise de la Covid-19 signe la fin de la mondialisation en provoquant une marche forcée vers la régionalisation du commerce et un retour à des politiques publiques portant le sceau des souverainetés nationales. Pour d’autres, au contraire, le modèle productif antérieur connaîtra des infléchissements qui se matérialiseront par une régionalisation des sources d’approvisionnement, le raccourcissement des chaînes de valeur et la relocalisation des activités au plus près des marchés de consommation. En d’autres termes, le nouvel âge de la mondialisation va porter à se protéger sans succomber au protectionnisme. L’article fournit une matière suffisante permettant de comparer entre ces doctrines en confrontant leurs arguments et leurs propositions dans un contexte où les supputations sur la durée et l’ampleur de la crise demeurent fondamentalement incertaines.
La Covid-19 : une opportunité pour accélérer le changement en Afrique
Authors: Avom Désiré
Published: February 2022

Contre toute attente, la pandémie à coronavirus a sérieusement ébranlé les activités économiques au niveau mondial. L’Afrique, qui n’avait plus connu de récession économique depuis plus de deux décennies, a enregistré une sévère baisse du taux de croissance. Cet article donne quelques pistes de réflexion sur l’après Covid-19 en analysant la spécificité de la pandémie, les préalables aux actions de changement à mener à court terme, avant d’insister à moyen et long termes, sur la primauté des investissements tant dans le capital humain pour réduire les inégalités, que dans les infrastructures physiques et numériques afin d’accélérer les échanges commerciaux et contribuer à un développement plus inclusif.
On the analyticity of the trajectories of the particles in the planar patch problem for some active scalar equations
Authors: Burgués Josep M. , Mateu Joan
Published: February 2022

We prove analyticity in time of the particle trajectories associated with the solutions of some transport equations when the initial condition is the characteristic function of a regular bounded domain. These results are obtained from a detailed study of the Beurling transform, that represents a derivative of the velocity field. The precise estimates obtained for the solutions of an equation satisfied by the Lagrangian flow, are a key point in the development.
The Creative Labor of 2D-to-3D Conversion as a Reformatting Practice
Authors: Kushigemachi Todd
Published: February 2022

In cinema and media studies, research on stereoscopic cinema has largely focused on aesthetic and phenomenological questions that position 3D as a distinct medium. However, an analysis of 3D cinema through the lens of production and media industry studies allows for new approaches to stereoscopy, often in ways that resist or complicate the very notion of medium specificity. This article closely examines the London-based 3D conversion company DNEG and its predecessors, Prime Focus World and Gener8. By focusing on the self-statements of DNEG professionals in publicity materials and original interviews, this article explores how these practitioners describe the creative labor of converting 2D movies into 3D. In addition to deepening our understanding of 3D cinema, the complexities of these practitioner discourses suggest how further research can critically engage with similarly adaptive textual practices of “reformatting,” such as the pan-and-scan of widescreen films and the colorization of black-and-white films. Ultimately, this article argues that a critical interrogation of industrial authorship claims opens up a space to conceptualize the reformatting of movies as an act of creative interpretation.
Introduction to the Economics of Animal and Plant Biosecurity
Authors: Schimmelpfennig David , Chermak Janie M.
Published: February 2022

The economics of plant and animal health protection influence country policies through rapidly evolving benefit-cost tradeoffs that are difficult to forecast. Increased threat of infestation by invasive species following novel trade pathways is one recent trend, being counteracted by advances in data analytics to target interventions on higher risk pathways. The availability of increasingly large, complicated datasets generated from daily enforcement of regulations are available to safeguarding analysts. These data resources used to monitor and evaluate pathways are increasingly available electronically with shorter time lags. But the efficacy of increased analytic capabilities requires a clear objective of what is optimal. Economic frameworks can help focus the analytics. For example, increased protection that costs more than the benefit generated is not efficient. Economic theory provides a systematic method with which to develop policy or to assess existing programs. This chapter provides basic economic concepts and examples relevant to biosecurity safeguarding.
A Tale of Two Hyperlocal Family-Run Stores
Authors: Hai-Jew Shalin
Published: February 2022

A sub-class of small and medium(-sized) enterprises (SMEs) are family-run groceries and restaurants, both businesses hard hit by the SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 pandemic, given the high-contact person-to-person nature of both. In one American Midwestern town, there are two stores that carry Asian foodstuffs. These are B2C and B2B businesses with a limited client base and tight profit margins. Theirs are pressured businesses given the racialized cultural atmosphere around COVID-19 in the US. Both businesses took different and limited strategies to survive in this COVID-19 era. This work uses qualitative research techniques—primary mixed methods research (in a light auto-ethnography) and publicly available data sources—to conduct an in-depth content analysis to examine the two family-run stores. Some ideas are advanced about ways to support such hyperlocal stores.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bocanet Anca , Webb Heather C. , Almulla Humaid
Published: February 2022

The purpose of the study is to explore the role of service quality in reviving the United Arab Emirates hospitality sector post COVID-19 pandemic. Various factors contribute to the success of the hospitality industry in UAE; some of them are strategic location, leisure facilities, and business-friendly policies. Nevertheless, the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the hospitality industry all over the world. Therefore, it is necessary to find ways to revive the hospitality sector during and post pandemic. Thus, the findings of this research give insight into customer preference and expectations as well as the need to invest and implement technology to deliver exceptional service. Therefore, it emphasizes that organizations operating in the hospitality sector should understand the customer needs, develop appropriate strategies, and invest in technology. Specifically, this research stresses that service quality dimensions improve customer satisfaction, enhances customer loyalty, and regain trust with consumers.
Assessing Technological Tools for Remote Learning in Early Childhood
Authors: Mowrey Sascha C. , Cunningham Denise D.
Published: February 2022

Remote learning has been taken up by many schools and districts during the COVID-19 pandemic. In many cases, remote learning has been designed as online teaching and learning, using technology hardware and software often through web-based programs and resources. For teachers of young children, this is a big change from the role of technology and types of instruction previously used in their classrooms. Throughout the pandemic and in the changed world post pandemic, digital and technological tools for remote learning will likely continue to be used in new ways. This chapter uses the framework of developmentally appropriate practice to explore and assess the structure, activities, relationship building, and attention to development in technology used across domains of online learning.
Navigating the Abyss
Authors: Crosby Cherie , Aguilar Florencia
Published: February 2022

A professor and student of an early childhood program reflect on the lessons the student learned as she adjusted to using remote learning for one- to two-year-olds in an early childhood program. The chapter will explore how well the early childhood educator was prepared to do so in such a short time, as well as how they provided high-quality learning experiences in a remote learning environment. The chapter includes several recommendations for early childhood programs and teacher preparations programs to implement in the future to support early childhood educators.
Preschool Teacher Evaluations of the Distance Education Process
Authors: Misirli Özge , Deli Hatice
Published: February 2022

To plan distance education processes more effectively during the preschool period, it is necessary to determine how distance education processes are carried out. This situation reveals the importance of this study. Considering that it is not possible to collect data from preschool children due to the limitations, the opinions of teachers who are close observers of their education are important. The study's aim is to look at preschool teachers' perspectives on remote teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic in preschool and what more can be done. For this purpose, qualitative and quantitative data were gathered from teachers. Problems can be grouped under four headings: communication problems, classroom management issues, technical problems, and others. Also, according to the teachers, the distance education process has negative and positive effects on students such as inactivity, inability to socialize, developmental negativity, and shy participation of students in order to provide their lessons.
Promoting Partnership Themes Among Elementary School Stakeholders
Authors: Davis McGaw Martha Ann
Published: February 2022

This chapter makes the case that by knowing what the desired result is required of a K-16 education for learners to participate in gainful employment, we can deliver appropriate instruction and learning in the elementary grades, which will also foster growth towards the goal of economic independence and citizenship participation. Discussion includes building district and stakeholder partnerships on multiple levels which support residencies and digital learning skills among principals, teachers, and learners. The chapter asks questions, such as: What are the similarities and differences between the digital instruction experience and the classroom instruction experience? What needs to change and what needs to remain the same across all forms of instruction? How do educators and stakeholders ensure that 'human resilience' skills are still supported alongside 'digital resilience' skills? What is student agency?
Speech and Language Acquisition in the Context of Remote Learning
Authors: Terlop Rachel E.
Published: February 2022

The standards and recommended practices set in place for early childhood educators serve as a guide for educators in knowing the most important considerations for educational practice. The early childhood education standards for in-person and remote learning share seven commonalities. The seven commonalities are (1) continued learning for educators, (2) classroom environment and social emotional learning (SEL), (3) knowledge of students and developmentally appropriate practice (DAP), (4) assessment, (5) pedagogy, (6) instructional design and/or digital learning platforms, (7) reflection and feedback. QR codes are used throughout to provide the author's personal examples of how instruction was adapted and shown to students and families during the pandemic via text messaging applications.
The Move From Face-to-Face to Online Teacher Preparation
Authors: DeHart Jason D.
Published: February 2022

This chapter takes a reflective and theoretical approach to examining the changes that were made in instruction by a university faculty member in the context of the 2020-2021. While the author has a research interest in digital literacy, the challenges of the pandemic are explored in this chapter. Points of practice, elements of design, the balance of print and digital interactions, and other factors are considered as part of the discussion. The information reported may be applied in other instructional settings and may be added to over time.
The Efficacy of HRM Practices During COVID-19
Authors: Jalagat Jr. Revenio Cabanilla , Aquino Jr. Perfecto Gatbonton
Published: February 2022

The lurid and shocking insurgence of COVID-19 has shaken the world in 2019, and it continues to cause uncertainties in all spheres of peoples' lives, businesses, and society. This uncertainty has created employee anxiety, fear of job loss, health threats, and impedes the organization's earning potentials and operational sustainability in the workplace. This chapter aims to investigate how recruitment practices effectively are utilized in selecting new hires amid COVID-19 disastrous situations. Document analysis was utilized to provide interpretations on the data gathered and proposed viable strategies and propositions on new normal-based employee selection patterns. Recommendations were proposed to integrate the findings and strategies into the human resource policies in addressing the challenges brought by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Factors Affecting Overall Life Satisfaction for Work-From-Home Employees
Authors: Goswami Munmun
Published: February 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the way we live and work. The situation has exponentially increased the use of online platforms in every aspect. Work-from-home has become more prominent, more widespread, and a routine of life rather than the exception. Within this context, drawing support from the conservation of resources theory, a conceptual framework is proposed to list the various factors affecting the psychological capital (PsyCap) which in turn impacts overall life satisfaction. The model is empirically validated with data from the Indian working population using structural equation modeling. Specifically, it was observed that remote abusive supervision, family demands, and work demands negatively influence PsyCap. Simultaneously, social support from work and family (colleague, team, partner/spouse, and parent) positively influences PsyCap. PsyCap, in turn, influences their overall life satisfaction. Psychological detachment negatively moderates the relationship between remote abusive supervision and PsyCap. Implications and future scope of research are also highlighted.
Human Resource Management Practices and Organizational Performance in the New Normal
Authors: Rehman Tansif Ur , Khatoon Rehmat
Published: February 2022

In various organizations, most HRM practices are ineffective because they are unimplemented in their genuine sense. The dilemma lies in the very fact that HRM practices in every organization are, to a great extent, responsible for its success or failure. Many scholars have focused on organizational performance since it is regarded as one of the most important variables in achieving efficiency and positive outcomes in businesses. The respective study aims to analyze the effects of HRM practices on organizational performance. This research is qualitative; therefore, content analysis (in general) and relational analysis (in specific) were used, and in this regard, 25 pieces of research encompassing the effect of HRM practices on organizational performance were analyzed. The findings revealed a highly positive relationship between an organization's training and development practices with its performance (financial and non-financial). Moreover, this research recommends that organizations focus more on their training and development practices to enhance performance in the short and long run.
Gender Diversity on the Board and Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure in the Digitalisation Era
Authors: Batra Bhoomika , Sannegadu Rajesh , Mehta Kamakshi
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this chapter is to examine how gender diversity affects corporate social responsibility disclosure. Considering the socio-economic impact of the deployment of the fourth industry revolution (Industry 4.0), firms have a moral obligation to disclose information on how different stakeholders may be affected by the extensive use of smart technologies in their value-adding activities. The study used multiple regression analysis with 176 publicly traded Indian service sector organizations for the financial year 2020-21. The findings revealed that GD has a negligible impact on CSR filings. By focusing on Indian public firms in the service sector, this study fills a vacuum in the literature. It is the first study to evaluate the impact of women on boards on the scope of CSR reporting in an Indian context. The findings of this study have crucial implications for future board composition as they show that women's representation on boards did not affect CSR disclosures.
Judicial Diversity in India
Authors: Trivedi Vaishali , Trivedi Vikas
Published: February 2022

As the businesses across the world are all set to enter the Fourth Industrial Revolution, agile work practices and diverse work teams have become new survival strategies. Experts say to be smart in real sense, this digi-revolution needs to be more inclusive. From the educational institutions to sports, politics, governance, corporates, military, and parliament, the institutions of all kinds are facing the challenges of ensuring greater gender inclusiveness. Along similar lines, the judiciary cannot be an exception either. . In a country like India wherein the women constitute 50% of the population and where there are already good number of women members in bar available to be elevated, the presence of only a handful women in the judiciary raises multiple questions. This chapter reflects on the underrepresentation of women in the Indian judiciary. It uncovers the existence of a glass ceiling in the Indian judiciary and advocates the case for judicial diversity.
Technology-Powered Education Post Pandemic
Authors: Thomas Anu , Prajapati Ramesh Tribhovan Bhai , Kaur Ashneet
Published: February 2022

In order to provide personalized learning and to track student performance, many learning platforms accelerated pre-pandemic. But the focus was for the fortunate students. The recent COVID-19 pandemic taught the education sector the importance of including technology in day-to-day learning activity. Knowledge management is beneficial to all institutes in order to retain experienced teachers and in order to strengthen new teachers with the various steps involved in the process. Managing intellectual assets in order to provide excellent education and to meet all related challenges would be the right step. This study focuses on growth and demand of knowledge management in the education sector. In this chapter, the authors include the matter, like to study the impact of each of the steps involved in knowledge management on the performance of student. In light of the objectives of this chapter, more exploration on studying the effectiveness of knowledge management on education and empirical evidence of the efficacy of KM on the performance of the student is carried out.
Prospects and Challenges of Using the Flipped Classroom in Computer Science Instruction During the Coronavirus Lockdown
Authors: Edeh Michael Onyema , Sharma Aabha , Roselyn Akindutire Opeyemi , Eucharia Ani Ukamaka
Published: February 2022

The coronavirus pandemic brought about devastating challenges to every segment of human endeavours, particularly the education sector. This study examines the prospects and challenges of using flipped classroom in computer science instruction during the coronavirus lockdown. The conclusions here were based on available literature and practical experience of the researchers. Though the face-to-face class discussions were not possible due to COVID-19 restrictions, flipped model provided opportunities for computer science educators to upload lesson notes in digital platforms and then engage the students in remote class discussions. However, factors such as COVID-19 lockdown restrictions, time constraints, and lack of face-to-face class interactions hampered the successful implementation of flipped classroom in computer science instructions during the COVID-19 lockdown. The authors conclude that the use of flipped classroom strategy could potentially enhance technology application and learning outcomes in computer science instruction.
The Future of Sport Education in the Post-Pandemic Era
Authors: Wahlstrom Tomi Lennart , Wahlstrom Katrina L.
Published: February 2022

This chapter focuses on the future of diversity, inclusion, and equity in the sports industry after the COVID-19 pandemic. It discusses the changes that athletes may experience and how sports may change as a result of the pandemic. The discussion covers topics such as mental health and the wellbeing of minority athletes. Other issues explored include the increasing popularity of women's sports and the increasing activism among athletes. Further, the chapter addresses the loss of recreational facilities and services and closure of many collegiate sports programs. A special focus of the chapter is on the conditions for Black athletes.
Impact of Artificial Intelligence as Part of an Organization's Diversity
Authors: Jimenez Marisela
Published: February 2022

The aftermath of the global pandemic in 2020 brought many public and private organizational leaders to the whiteboard, and with a dry eraser in their hands, human leaders were expected to produce solutions, but only a few managed to write the new blueprint to protect millions of employees, customers, and students from the life-threatening COVID-19 virus. Subsequently, artificial intelligence was adopted as part of the solution to the unprecedented organizational disruptions. Nonetheless, leaders appeared to have overlooked the impact of artificial intelligence as part of an organization's diversity. This chapter provides an expansive review about artificial intelligence and diversity in the context of cultural identity, economic power, social demographics, and ethnographic communication currently not included in organizational diversity and inclusion programs.
Multimodal Representation of Hygiene Practices in Nigeria Under the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Oryila Simon Shachia , Aghadiuno Philip Chike Chukwunonso
Published: February 2022

Disease outbreaks do not only create health challenges; they also potentially affect public health communication. To complement the efforts of medical and health workers, health communication professionals often try to design semiotic resources to advance the goal of health and medical practice. This chapter, therefore, explores the various semiotic resources created with the aid of digital technologies and deployed by the Nigeria Center for Disease Control across digital platforms to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. Applying Kress and van Leeuwen's social semiotic theory to 12 NCDC images sourced online, the chapter demonstrates that the semiotic resources shared by the NCDC on hygiene practices to fight COVID-19 have the potential of broadening the scope of interpretation, meaning, and understanding of COVID-19, health problems, and medical practices on account of the texts' representational, interactional, and compositional structures, thereby helping in building a vibrant healthcare system in Nigeria.
Augmented Reality-Based Digital Storytelling in Language Teaching and Learning
Authors: Yastibaş Ahmet Erdost , Baturay Meltem Huri , Çinar Cafer Ahmet
Published: February 2022

This chapter focuses on using augmented reality (AR) and digital storytelling (DST) in language teaching and learning. It aims to indicate how AR and DST can be used together in language teaching and learning by integrating both technology and media in a suggested lesson plan. For this aim, the chapter is designed as a literature review study; it first presents a critical review of the studies related to the use of AR and DST in education and language teaching separately. Then, it demonstrates how AR and DST can be integrated through a lesson plan. The lesson plan presents how AR-based DST activities like the one developed for the present study can be used in language classrooms.
Leveraging Technologies to Promote Clarity in Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Chen Lisa , Almarode John
Published: February 2022

In this case study, the researchers examine how Mrs. Flora was purposeful in her use of technology to make her asynchronous and synchronous lessons digestible, clear, and connected to prior knowledge. In her choice of technology tools, she was mindful of ensuring that learning could occur anyplace, anytime, even if students had little to no internet in their homes. Takeaways from this chapter demonstrate how Mrs. Flora used technology not for technology's sake, rather as a means to deepen her fifth graders' knowledge base on fractions. Mrs. Flora used technology first to establish authentic relationships with students and families, and then she focused on planning. Mrs. Flora was laser-focused in her planning and delivery of online instruction, as well as clear in her explanation, examples and guided practice, and feedback. Readers will learn how one teacher used low-tech options to successfully teach her students fractions during COVID-19 and will be presented with a model of best practices to consider whether developing an online unit or teaching virtually.
Developing Written Argumentation Skills With an Educational Simulation Game (ESG)
Authors: Riel Jeremy , Lawless Kimberly A.
Published: February 2022

In this chapter, the authors present the case of GlobalEd, a virtual educational simulation game (ESG) that focuses on the development of student written argumentation and socio-scientific literacy skills over the course of play. Interactions within the simulation emphasize the use of written argumentation among players throughout the game's entire duration through an online communications system that is a fundamental part of all play interactions. Through this case illustration, they describe the rationale and design for GlobalEd, particularly toward its primary learning outcomes of written communication, argumentation, and collaboration. They illustrate the interactive portions of the game that are designed to elicit skill development in these areas and provide examples of actual interactions by students as they work toward these goals. Finally, they provide a brief synopsis of the studied effects of GlobalEd over the last decade in authentic classroom settings through experimental and other efficacy analyses.
Analytical Thinking in a Time of COVID (and Trump)
Authors: Maslin Kimberly
Published: February 2022

Drawing on the wealth of literature regarding scaffolding, the author explores the use of data analysis under conditions of remote learning to help students think and talk about a divisive election, whilst building the skills necessary to not only undertake independent research, but to become creators of knowledge. The chapter explores the structures that can support students as they move from passive recipients of knowledge to producers of knowledge, as well as ways that the educational institution can support faculty members in the transition from exclusively face-to-face instruction to online learning. The combination of remote learning and data analysis, as a major learning goal, may contribute to a more analytical, hence less controversial or confrontational, learning environment.
Big Data and Artificial Intelligence in the Touristic Sector
Authors: Castillo-Clavero Ana M. , Sánchez-Teba Eva M. , Martínez-Leiva Andrés
Published: February 2022

Tourism is a vital sector in the economy of many countries. It is important to bear in mind that this activity is highly oriented towards consumer satisfaction and is also subject to a high degree of uncertainty. This means that there is a great need for information and business intelligence in order to produce long-lasting, sustainable competitive advantages, which can be achieved with smart business management in which big data and artificial intelligence play a key role. In this bibliometric study on the use of these technologies in the tourism industry, the authors analyze the evolution of these concepts within the sector. By analyzing the literature, we can follow the transformation of tourism management, study how these technologies have become progressively more defined and consolidated, and lastly, provide guidelines for future lines of research on this subject.
Digital Transformation and Reimagined Brand Messages for Travelers in the Pandemic
Authors: An Jiyoon
Published: February 2022

In the pre-pandemic era, price competition dominates digital brand messages in the tourism industry for “call to action”; however, in the pandemic era, the focus of digital brand messages is to provide aspiration for potential travelers. For example, the cruise industry used to focus on providing information on deals in the communication, but today it appears to maintain attention, interest, and desire for cruise which has not been continued due to pandemic. In the pre-pandemic era, loyalty can be measured by action-level purchase data, but today it can be measured by attitudinal data including reactions to the social media messages. This chapter used text mining methods to examine how various brands adopts different messages strategies with various sentiments and topics. These empirical findings will provide theoretical and managerial implications for digital communication strategies for more reactions and digital brand management for greater loyalty.
Designing Business Analytics Projects (BAP)
Authors: Pinheiro Luiz , Matheus Ricardo
Published: February 2022

Private and public organizations have been using data for decision-making. However, these organizations have been struggling in putting into practice the design data analytics projects. In this sense, this chapter aims to present a proposal of a designing business analytics projects with a practical five steps dashboarding cycle. The first step, Business Questions, deals with the scope of a data analytics project creating problem-based questions. The second step, Data Sources, details which are the data sources to be collected. The third step, Extraction, Transform, and Loading (ETL), sets up data source routines of what, where, and when to collect data. The fourth step, Data Warehouse, creates a data repository where data is stored and treated after ETL process. The fifth step, Data Visualization, designs a web dashboard with interactive features such as tables and graphs. This chapter ends with three practical examples in both public and private organizations.
Semantic Image Analysis on Social Networks and Data Processing
Authors: Alzboon Mowafaq Salem , Alqaraleh Muhyeeddin Kamel , Aljarrah Emran Mahmoud , Alomari Saleh Ali
Published: February 2022

In the last decade, a significant number of people have become active social network users. People utilize Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn, and Google+. Facebook users generate a lot of data. Photos can teach people a lot. Image analysis has traditionally focused on audience emotions. Photographic emotions are essentially subjective and vary among observers. There are numerous uses for its most popular feature. People, on the other hand, use social media and applications. They handle noise, dynamics, and size. Shared text, pictures, and videos were also a focus of network analysis study. Statistic, rules, and trend analysis are all available in massive datasets. You may use them for data manipulation and retrieval, mathematical modeling, and data pre-processing and interpretation. This chapter examines social networks, basic concepts, and social network analysis components. A further study topic is picture usage in social networks. Next, a novel method for analyzing social networks, namely semantic networks, is presented. Finally, themes and routes are defined.
Building Connections for Doctoral Students Through Asynchronous Learning
Authors: Simon Marilyn
Published: February 2022

Compared to other graduate programs, online doctoral degree programs have the highest drop-out rate. This chapter presents a case study for engaging doctoral students in asynchronous online learning using a flipped model classroom designed to combine degree advancement, student-centered learning, communal learning, and cognitive readiness for the 21st century. The theoretical frameworks for this single case study were constructivism, connectedness, and andragogy. The participants included 12 doctoral students and the author. The student participants selected the topics of study. Data were analyzed by reviewing responses to an open-ended survey to determine the efficacy of this model. Five themes emerged: promoting meaning and reflective thinking, inspired camaraderie and collaboration, enhanced scholarship and progress, and supported degree advancement. Providing a means to connect doctoral students with each other and their mentor in a meaningful way can make the difference between dropping out of a program and obtaining a doctoral degree.
Catching Learners Early in Humanitarian and Sustainable Principles Through Chemistry Education
Authors: Hanson Ruby , Hanson Charles
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this chapter is to describe a possible best practice to teaching chemistry from a humanitarian engineering perspective. The interest in teaching chemistry by focusing on humanitarian engineering arises from the economic and environmental concerns that the country of this study faces, some of which are poverty, climatic changes, food crisis, inadequate healthcare, water crisis, and pollution. As an educator, there is an interest in educating future generations to be able to cope with environmental changes that face their countries and the world at large. This exposition of a possible new approach with appropriate pedagogies that is presented here may be an answer that underdeveloped, developed, and emergent economies may adopt to close the gap between themselves and other industrialised nations.
Cryptocurrency Price Prediction Using TPU-Based Distributed Machine Learning
Authors: Sundaresan Yokesh Babu , Khan Mohd Hammad , Sharma Devdutt , Masilamani Anbarasi , Jaitly Sukriti , Verma Mohak
Published: February 2022

The development of blockchain has led to the emergence and widespread use of decentralized cryptocurrencies around the globe. As of 2021, the global market capitalization of cryptocurrencies has crossed two trillion dollars. With increasing popularity and adoption, investors have begun to see cryptocurrencies as an alternative to conventional financial assets. However, the volatility associated with cryptocurrencies makes them a highly risky investment. This gives rise to the need for accurate and efficient price prediction models which can help reduce risks associated with cryptocurrency investments. The model aims at predicting the price of two popular cryptocurrencies: Bitcoin and Ethereum. Tensor processing unit (TPU) is used for providing a distributed environment for the proposed model. The results show that the distributed TPU-trained model performed significantly better than the conventional CPU-trained model in terms of training time while maintaining a high degree of accuracy.
Blockchain Technology in E-Healthcare
Authors: Yadav Abhinav , Kanoi Amrit , Selvanambi Ramani
Published: February 2022

Blockchain is one of the technologies that is gaining significant attention within the healthcare industry. In order for blockchain to reach its full potential, it's essential that governments and public institutions map the blockchain ecosystem and establish a blockchain framework for coordinating early adopters. The authors have proposed a web-based application using blockchain with security algorithms to store patients' and other users' details who sign up on the website. Blockchain is highly secure as any tampering with data in any block is not possible. Blockchain attributes ensure smooth interaction between different applications and systems along the availability chain. They also reward the patient with their own implemented bitcoin on their transaction. Ethereum library Web3 is used to make a complete decentralized peer-to-peer chat service without any involvement of a third party. The application will be able to send encrypted messages both securely and anonymously. Blockchain technology has been seeing widespread interest as a means to ensure the CIA triad in fewer environments.
The Role of Blockchain Technology in Harnessing the Sustainability of Chinese Digital Finance
Authors: Yu Poshan , Lu Shengyuan , Hanes Emanuela , Chen Yijun
Published: February 2022

In recent years, blockchain, with its features of decentralization, security, reliability, transparency of information, and low maintenance cost, has been applied in the fintech industry in more and more cases in China. The maturity of blockchain-enabled technology has improved. This is expected to rebuild the underlying internet technology or will trigger a new round of development and innovation in the Chinese fintech industry. This chapter aims to investigate the current application of blockchain technology in China's fintech industry by analyzing case studies. Through the comparison and analysis of the cases in the fintech industry, this chapter attempts to examine how and whether digital transformation and other innovative technologies can drive new business models and create valuable experiences for consumers and/or firms in China's fintech industry. A variety of challenges and opportunities is analyzed to draw a blueprint for Chinese blockchain development. Finally, this chapter also provides some recommendations to the government.
Visual Blockchain for Intelligent Surveillance in a Smart City
Authors: Gedara Kasun Moolika , Nguyen Minh , Yan Wei Qi
Published: February 2022

Visual blockchain takes the idea of how to output accurate intelligent surveillance data by using computational methods in a smart city. Intelligent surveillance provides location-based visualization from different cameras which are deployed in the smart city. It may result in limited tamper-resistance of the gathered data from cameras. The decentralized nature of blockchain is to integrate video frames as data output by surveillance systems over the smart city by the way of selecting the most appropriate cryptographical algorithms using blockchain prototype to create sustainable computation method of visual blockchain and make reliable solutions for the existing solutions. In this chapter, the contributions are to enrich the blockchain security shield by using the most appropriate cryptographic algorithm to achieve each unique task and create a web-based image prototype through the visual blockchain to minimize the gaps in intelligent surveillance.
Technology-Enhanced Professional Development With a Situated Community of Practice
Authors: Mulvey Bridget K.
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this chapter is to present an overview of a year-long professional development program on earth systems science and a related investigation into teachers' knowledge and skill development related to technology integration and what promoted transformational changes. Teachers progressed to recognize the spatial nature of science, use technology more for inquiry, and give students control over the technology more. Teachers identified as most helpful the program's cultivation of a community of practice, with teachers supporting each other in their learning and planning to teach. They also identified model lessons during program sessions as helpful, as they were aligned with required standards, focused on big ideas in science, and provided teachers with the time to explore technologies and experience technology-enhanced lessons as learners before developing and teaching their own lessons with their own students. The author then shares recommendations for similar professional development programs.
Teacher Professional Development for Inclusion in England and Bahrain
Authors: Bukamal Hanin
Published: February 2022

The global pursuit for inclusion officially started with the United Nations Salamanca Statement, which called for the integration of children with special educational needs (SEN) into mainstream schooling. This triggered a substantial universal restructure of education systems, which includes a major reconsideration of teacher education for inclusion in order to prepare teachers to teach their diverse learners. Through a comparative case study design, this study explores inclusive practices in primary education in England and Bahrain. More specifically, the study examines the way in which schools support teachers' in-service professional development (PD) which then aid in the implementation of inclusive education. The findings reveal PD practices for inclusion in England which focus on support for SEN and improving teacher attitudes towards inclusion as well as PD practices in Bahrain that emphasise the assimilation of new teachers and the promotion of a collaborative teaching environment.
School-Based In-Service Teacher Training and Peer-to-Peer Learning as an Element of Professionalization
Authors: Weidinger Wiltrud , Gollob Rolf
Published: February 2022

The IPE (International Projects in Education) Centre of the Zurich University of Teacher Education (PHZH) deals with questions of lifelong learning of teachers in many of its international collaborations. The chapter deals on the one hand with the question of how the continuing education of teachers is organized in Switzerland, what successful forms and approaches are, and on which learning theories they are based. Learning from colleagues in peer-mentoring programs as one element of school development is presented from various perspectives. The concept of school-based in-service teacher training (SITT) is presented and discussed for a successful implementation on school level. In addition, practical examples from various cooperation projects around the world are briefly presented to explain how experiences can be further developed thanks to careful cooperation and to learn from this that teachers around the world perhaps learn most effectively from their colleagues if there is a good concept behind this approach.
Quality Management Teacher Professional Development Model
Authors: Chidakwa Cleophas Peter
Published: February 2022

The chapter presents the Quality Management: Teacher Professional Development model for quality education as internal efficiency in Zimbabwe's primary schools. The model is a product of a qualitative phenomenological doctoral study. The researcher analyzes quality management practices from three rural primary schools consistently awarded the Secretary's Merit Award for performance ‘par excellence'. The model is cost effective and work embedded. Teachers get professionally developed daily as they work in schools. As a process quality management model, it involves planning, organizing, leading, monitoring, and controlling. Teachers participate in quality management by being members of school-based committees or teams. The QMTPD model develops teachers in some of these aspects: effective teaching; classroom management; setting, marking, and moderating tests; diagnosing and remedying weak learners. Effectiveness of the QMTPD model is manifested in the literacy rate of above 90% that Zimbabwe has attained.
Post-Pandemic Preschool Social-Emotional Development
Authors: Vaughn Krystal Michelle , Keyes Angela W. , Trigg Allison
Published: February 2022

Development is typically conceptualized in the areas of cognitive, social, language, emotion, and physical. In the early childhood years, development is interwoven and happens simultaneously. For example, socially, children learn to take turns with other children; emotionally, preschoolers learn how to express empathy; cognitively, children learn rules of a game; starting conversations with peers demonstrates language development; and physical play with others demonstrates physical development. However, during the COVID-19 pandemic, many young children were not afforded typical paths to social-emotional development with their peers. This may be attributed to “shut downs,” child care and school closures, or familial or personal parental decisions to name a few. As many young children return to group care and educational facilities, stakeholders should explore options for ways to meet their social-emotional needs. It will be important for educators to meet both the academic and social-emotional needs of the whole child.
Education and COVID-19
Authors: Özgür Keysan Asuman
Published: February 2022

COVID-19 poses several challenges for education. Refugees and immigrants are among the groups most deeply affected by these challenges. This makes it even more significant to focus on the voices of these groups. Thus, this chapter examines the changes in schooling experiences of Syrian refugee children living in Altindağ district in Ankara, Turkey with the COVID-19 pandemic. Thematic analysis technique was employed in order to analyze in-depth interviews conducted with the parents of 13 Syrian refugee children at school level in August 2021. Drawing on the collected data, it is argued that the COVID-19 pandemic served as a litmus test to uncover the problems of refugee children related to education. Through the pandemic, the barriers and challenges that refugee children face regarding access to education have enhanced and even raised the risk of disengaging from education and dropping out of school.
An Assessment of the Pandemic Period on Art and Design in Higher Education in Turkey
Authors: Uluçay Nilay Özsavaş , Müezzinoğlu Menşure Kübra , Karakaya Betül
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study is to evaluate art and design education in terms of academicians in the pandemic period and to make suggestions against this situation. As a methodology of the study, a survey was conducted with the academicians working in art and design departments with a random sampling method, and data were collected and analyzed. As a result of the study, it was determined that the level of success in theoretical courses in online education increased, and applied courses were not efficient. The study aims to contribute to the literature by determining field-specific results to be a reference for future studies and improve the infrastructure of higher education institutions.
Promoting Meaningful Transformations in African Higher Education in Times of Global Disruptions
Authors: Hategekimana Edward Kwiriha
Published: February 2022

Reforms in African higher education have been a multi-faceted challenge encompassing their missed links, among others, with historical, geo-political, and socio-economic hurdles. Despite the observed quality improvement over the last two decades, its full participation in economic development has been a dream yet to be achieved. The outbreak of coronavirus has come to add more strain on this fragile system. This chapter reflects on transformations taking place as palliative or “cosmetic” measures adopted to alleviate, mitigate, and avert the escalation of the crisis in African higher education. It uses the study of literature and sources of authority to tap arguments. Analyses established that measures taken leave out rural and poverty-stricken higher education institutions. These cannot access infrastructure, technologies, and qualified staffing to accommodate abrupt changes from face to face to online delivery mode. The chapter recommends extensive resources mobilization coupled with systematic and punctual quality verifications in African higher education.