bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reflexión y transformación pedagógica. Reconocimiento a la otredad
Authors: Olmos Roa Andrea , Sánchez Dettmer Martha , Correa Reyes Alfonso S.
Published: May 2019

Presentamos, desde una mirada crítica, algunas reflexiones y transformaciones construidas en el proceso de relatar y compartir narrativas de experiencias pedagógicas, relativas a la otredad y algunas conductas discriminatorias observadas en la cotidianidad universitaria, así como, posibles vías de transformación en las relaciones pedagógicas con los estudiantes. Analizamos diversos cuestionamientos de un grupo de profesores universitarios, tomados como referencia de análisis, para comprender la dialéctica en las escuelas o universidades, como escenarios que limitan y empoderan. Por un lado, describimos las reflexiones sobre las experiencias relatadas, en relación a prácticas o ideologías dominantes, en las que se producen y reproducen procesos estigmatizadores que desencadenan prejuicios y conductas discriminatorias en contra de ciertos estudiantes, y de igual forma narrativas de experiencias de profesores universitarios que intentan contrarrestar las narrativas dominantes, modificando discursos y prácticas, entre otros, al promover el reconocimiento a la diferencia y el respeto de la otredad, en todas sus acepciones. Finalmente presentamos algunos aprendizajes y transformaciones tanto personales como profesionales producto de las experiencias relatadas.
Inserção de tecnologias digitais na educação básica: estudo de caso de uma escola brasileira
Authors: Moreira de Camargo Barreto Lívia , Penatti Pipitone Maria Angélica , Ribeiro Brandão Dayson Fernando , Pacheco Bruna
Published: May 2019

Neste trabalho buscamos discutir e verificar a utilização das tecnologias da informação e comunicação (TIC), mais especificamente do computador e demais tecnologias digitais, nas aulas e analisar seu uso no cotidiano dos professores e alunos. Apresentamos dados obtidos por questionários, com perguntas dissertativas e objetivas, realizados com 35 professores do ensino fundamental II e médio, 86 alunos do ensino fundamental II e 210 alunos do ensino médio de uma escola pública, localizada no município de Piracicaba, estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Os resultados apontaram que tanto professores como alunos estão bem familiarizados com as tecnologias digitais e as utilizam no seu dia a dia em diversas atividades, a maioria delas voltadas para o lazer, entretenimento e comunicação. Os dados mostraram que apenas 40% dos professores que participaram da pesquisa utilizam as tecnologias digitais com seus alunos, mostrando que a presença das TIC nas escolas e a familiaridade dos professores com essas não se traduz, prontamente, na sua utilização no processo de ensino-aprendizagem.
La evaluación en la universidad: una encrucijada entre lo instituyente y lo instituido
Authors: Del Vecchio Sandra
Published: May 2019

La evaluación de los aprendizajes suele ser una práctica por lo menos conflictiva. Comprender su delicada composición, así como su naturaleza controversial, implica detenerse no sólo en sus aspectos instrumentales, sino también analizar estructuras institucionales y subjetivas altamente complejas. Como se ha sostenido en diversos foros académicos, en el sistema educativo en general y en el nivel universitario, en particular, la evaluación es una actividad instituida aunque no explicitada suficientemente por sus actores. Históricamente, parece haber funcionado más como una actividad reglamentaria, que cumple con la función de certificar, que con una función de comprensión y cualificación del aprendizaje.No menos importante es, en el plano de la significación subjetiva de quien escribe, la práctica de dos décadas en la docencia universitaria en las que aparece la evaluación como problema siempre irresuelto, abordado fundamentalmente con estrategias burocráticas. Para poner la problemática de la evaluación en términos institucionales parece pertinente seguir las corrientes institucionalistas francesas que han asociado el punto de vista dialéctico al análisis de las dinámicas organizativas. En ese marco, proponen la distinción entre lo instituido y lo instituyente: lo instituido como lo determinado y la predilección a conservarlo; lo instituyente como el cuestionamiento de lo instituido, la tendencia a la transformación.
Escollos y desafíos de la educación ciudadana en escuelas rurales del caribe colombiano. Una etnografía de escuela
Authors: Rivera Sepúlveda Álvaro Andrés
Published: May 2019

En este trabajo se presentan resultados preliminares de una investigación centrada en interpretar y comprender los sentidos ético-políticos y pedagógicos de la educación ciudadana en tres instituciones educativas rurales del caribe colombiano. Dentro del enfoque cualitativo, se desarrolla una etnografía de escuela en la que se combinan diversas técnicas de recolección de información tales como la observación participante, la entrevista individual semiestructurada, el grupo focal, la cartografía social y pedagógica, el grupo de discusión y la revisión de documentos institucionales. Los hallazgos del estudio demuestran que: a. el modelo de democracia liberal que ha alcanzado hegemonía en occidente, presenta una profunda crisis en el medio rural, b. se requiere insistir desde la escuela en la formación de una ciudadanía rural participativa como mecanismo de empoderamiento de las comunidades campesinas en la intervención sobre lo público y resignificación del sistema democrático, c. las desigualdades de poder evidentes en la administración totalitaria que ejercen los rectores y en las prácticas pedagógicas autoritarias que aún siguen desarrollando algunos profesores rurales, desestimulan la construcción de una cultura democrática escolar y d. los estudiantes campesinos presentan serias dificultades en el ejercicio de su autonomía moral y política, lo que les impide comportare como auténticos actores sociales y políticos.
La expansión de la educación infantil en España: entre la igualdad de oportunidades y la segregación
Authors: Jiménez-Delgado María , Jareño-Ruiz Diana , El-Habib Draoui Brahim
Published: May 2019

La literatura especializada evidencia la relevancia de la educación infantil y confirma que el aprendizaje temprano es el más eficiente, sobre todo para los niños y niñas que provienen de contextos sociales y familiares desfavorecidos, mejorando sus oportunidades vitales. Este trabajo describe la situación actual de la educación infantil en España y desvela cómo los hijos e hijas de familias con menos recursos tienen una baja tasa de escolarización entre cero y tres años. El hallazgo más relevante está vinculado a la escasa oferta pública y gratuita de este primer ciclo y a la fuerte presencia del sector privado en esta etapa, que hace inaccesible la escolarización a los grupos sociales que más lo necesitan. Después de una descripción global de la situación en España, se analiza la oferta educativa en la ciudad de Alicante y se constata un doble proceso de segregación, que acentúa la desigualdad de oportunidades de acceso al primer ciclo de la educación infantil: por un lado, hay solo un 10% de plazas cubiertas por escuelas públicas y un 90% por escuelas privadas; por otro, existe una concentración casi exclusiva de alumnado de origen inmigrado y gitano en la única escuela pública gratuita que oferta esta etapa educativa en uno de los barrios más vulnerables del municipio. Esta situación evidencia la urgente necesidad de ampliar la oferta de plazas públicas y de luchar contra los procesos de segregación por nivel socioeconómico, origen y etnia, para hacer efectivo el derecho a la igualdad de oportunidades.
Saberes docentes y educación infantil. Notas pedagógicas para la formación inicial
Authors: Molina Galvañ Mª Dolores , Sierra Nieto J. Eduardo , Sendra Mocholí Cristina
Published: May 2019

Poniendo de relieve el foco de estudio que ha orientado nuestra investigación, mostramos en este artículo algunas propuestas formativas que desarrollamos en las materias del Grado de Maestra/o en Educación Infantil que tenemos a nuestro cargo. Nuestra premisa es que el oficio docente no se sustenta, únicamente, en los saberes disciplinares transmitidos durante el período formativo. Los estudios con docentes de Infantil y Primaria que hemos hecho nos muestran que hay aspectos del hacer, del saber y del ser docente que escapan a esa formalización del conocimiento disciplinar; lo que nos ha hecho interrogar nuestras propias prácticas formativas. Por ello, hemos ido buscando en los saberes experienciales de las maestras su valor formativo para nuestras y nuestros estudiantes; pero sobre todo hemos ido explorando formas de ir incorporándolos en los procesos formativos. Exponemos aquí nuestros relatos de formación, las prácticas formativas que creamos y re-creamos para hacer lugar a la experiencia en la formación y para que los saberes de la experiencia tengan lugar en la formación inicial del profesorado de educación infantil.
Virtualidades de la formación literaria en educación infantil. Elogio a la diversidad
Authors: Morón Olivares Eva , Devís Arbona Anna
Published: May 2019

La educación literaria se erige como un instrumento imprescindible en la formación integral de las aulas de hoy, en las que se precisa el desarrollo de la competencia intercultural, especialmente en Educación Infantil, momento en el que los niños inician el proceso de socialización y los estereotipos sociales comienzan a consolidarse. Este tipo de formación exige un maestro a la altura de los nuevos retos, capaz de poner al servicio del alumnado los recursos literarios y las actitudes que fomenten la valoración de la diferencia, el respeto e, incluso, el amor a la diversidad. Nuestra propuesta pretende aunar el fomento de las competencias intrínsecas de la educación literaria con el desarrollo de la competencia intercultural para responder a un mundo en el que lo normal es la diversidad
La educación en el Concilio Vaticano II
Authors: Marauri Ceballos Jesús
Published: May 2019

Coincidiendo con la celebración del 50 aniversario de la clausura del Concilio Vaticano II, esta investigación pretende acercarse a este acontecimiento e indagar en él para deducir lo que la Iglesia dice sobre la educación. Con tal fin, se realiza un análisis de contenido de los documentos conciliares aprobados en las Asambleas generales. En el desarrollo de la metodología de análisis de contenido se ha partido de la Declaración conciliar que explícitamente se refiere a la importancia de la Educación (Gravissimum Educationis) y, a partir de ahí, se ha comprobado si esa concepción educativa permanece en el resto de documentos conciliares. La investigación concluye confirmando que hay un determinado planteamiento educativo que se deduce del análisis de los Documentos del Concilio, resaltándose la importancia de la persona como el sustento y justificación de la tarea educativa de la Iglesia.
Multiline Observations of Molecular Bullets from a High-mass Protostar
Authors: Cheng Yu , Qiu Keping , Zhang Qizhou , Wyrowski Friedrich , Menten Karl , Güsten Rolf
Published: May 2019

We present Submillimeter Array (SMA) observations in the CO J = 3–2, SiO J = 5–4 and 8–7, and SO 98–87 lines, as well as Atacama Pathfinder EXperiment observations in the CO J = 6–5 line, of an extremely high-velocity and jet-like outflow in high-mass star-forming region HH 80–81. The outflow is known to contain two prominent molecular bullets, namely B1 and B2, discovered from our previous SMA CO J = 2–1 observations. While B1 is detected in all the CO, SiO, and SO lines, B2 is only detected in CO lines. The CO 3–2/2–1 line ratio in B1 is clearly greater than that in B2. We perform a large velocity gradient analysis of the CO lines and derive a temperature of 70–210 K for B1 and 20–50 K for B2. Taking into account the differences in the velocity, distance from the central source, excitation conditions, and chemistry between the two bullets, we suggest that the bullets are better explained by direct ejections from the innermost vicinity of the central high-mass protostar, and that we are more likely observing the molecular component of a primary wind rather than entrained or swept-up material from the ambient cloud. These findings further support our previous suggestions that the molecular bullets indicate an episodic, disk-mediated accretion in the high-mass star formation process.
Ejection of Double Knots from the Radio Core of PKS 1510–089 during the Strong Gamma-Ray Flares in 2015
Authors: Park Jongho , Lee Sang-Sung , Kim Jae-Young , Hodgson Jeffrey A. , Trippe Sascha , Kim Dae-Won , Algaba Juan-Carlos , Kino Motoki , Zhao Guang-Yao , Lee Jee Won , Gurwell Mark A.
Published: May 2019

PKS 1510–089 is a bright and active γ-ray source that showed strong and complex γ-ray flares in mid-2015 during which the Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cerenkov telescopes detected variable very high energy (photon energies >100 GeV) emission. We present long-term multifrequency radio, optical, and γ-ray light curves of PKS 1510–089 from 2013 to 2018, and results of an analysis of the jet kinematics and linear polarization using 43 GHz Very Long Baseline Array data observed between late 2015 and mid-2017. We find that a strong radio flare trails the γ-ray flares in 2015, showing an optically thick spectrum at the beginning and becoming optically thin over time. Two laterally separated knots of emission are observed to emerge from the radio core nearly simultaneously during the γ-ray flares. We detect an edge-brightened linear polarization near the core in the active jet state in 2016, similar to the quiescent jet state in 2008–2013. These observations indicate that the γ-ray flares may originate from compression of the knots by a standing shock in the core and the jet might consist of multiple complex layers showing time-dependent behavior, rather than of a simple structure of a fast jet spine and a slow jet sheath.
Strong Evidence of Anomalous Microwave Emission from the Flux Density Spectrum of M31
Authors: Battistelli E. S. , Fatigoni S. , Murgia M. , Buzzelli A. , Carretti E. , Castangia P. , Concu R. , Cruciani A. , Bernardis P. de , Genova-Santos R. , Govoni F. , Guidi F. , Lamagna L. , Luzzi G. , Masi S. , Melis A. , Paladini R. , Piacentini F. , Poppi S. , Radiconi F. , Rebolo R. , Rubino-Martin J. A. , Tarchi A. , Vacca V.
Published: May 2019

We have observed the Andromeda galaxy, Messier 31 (M31), at 6.7 GHz with the Sardinia Radio Telescope. We mapped the radio emission in the C-band, re-analyzed WMAP and Planck maps, as well as other ancillary data, and we have derived an overall integrated flux density spectrum from the radio to the infrared. This allowed us to estimate the emission budget from M31. Integrating over the whole galaxy, we found strong and highly significant evidence for anomalous microwave emission (AME), at the level of

Jy at the peaking frequency of ≃25 GHz. Decomposing the spectrum into known emission mechanisms such as free–free, synchrotron, thermal dust, and AME arising from electric dipole emission from rapidly rotating dust grains, we found that the overall emission from M31 is dominated, at frequencies below 10 GHz, by synchrotron emission with a spectral index of

, with subdominant free–free emission. At frequencies ≳10 GHz, AME has a similar intensity to that of synchrotron and free–free emission, overtaking them between 20 and 50 GHz, whereas thermal dust emission dominates the emission budget at frequencies above 60 GHz, as expected.
Establishment of six new Rhabdoblatta species (Blattodea, Blaberidae, Epilamprinae) from China
Authors: Yang Rong , Wang Zhenzhen , Zhou Yanshuang , Wang Zongqing , Che Yanli
Published: May 2019

This study examined 504 Rhabdoblatta specimens sampled from China, of which, 86 Rhabdoblatta specimens were used for COI sequencing. A phylogenetic analysis using the ML method and MOTUs estimations by ABGD and GMYC based on COI sequences was performed. Eighteen Rhabdoblatta species were identified when these data were combined with morphological data. Six new species were established among these samples, i.e., Rh.similsinuatasp. n., Rh.densimaculatasp. n., Rh.gyroflexasp. n., Rh.chaulformissp. n., Rh.maculatasp. n., and Rh.ecarinatasp. n. For the first time, females including female genitalia of 14 known Rhabdoblatta species are described worldwide. Our study shows that combining molecular species delimitation methods with morphological data helps to delimit species and understand cockroach biodiversity.
A new species of the genus Cristimenes Ďuriš & Horká, 2017 (Decapoda, Caridea, Palaemonidae)
Authors: Park Jin-Ho , De Grave Sammy , Kim Won
Published: May 2019

A new species of crinoid-associated shrimp, Cristimenesbruceisp. nov., is described based on specimens from Korea, although the species also occurs in Hong Kong and is likely more widespread. The new species is morphologically very similar to C.commensalis, but can be distinguished by the reduced supraorbital tooth on the carapace. Cristimenesbruceisp. nov. is clearly recovered as a monophyletic species through COI barcode and molecular phylogenetic analyses based on four genetic markers (COI, 16S, H3, 18S).
O frentismo cultural e a resistência à ditadura militar brasileira. Os exemplos-limite do Correio da Manhã e de Otto Maria Carpeaux
Authors: Silva Eduardo Gomes
Published: May 2019

Este artigo busca dialogar com o conceito de ‘frentismo cultural’, aliança de resistência à última ditadura militar brasileira a unir grande parte dos integrantes do PCB, intelectuais e artistas nos primeiros anos daquele regime (1964-1968). Dialogaremos, também, com uma dada construção social da memória sobre a ditadura, especificamente aquela forjada pela imprensa escrita, em seu duplo papel de fomentadora do Golpe e veículo de resistência à ditadura. O matutino fluminense Correio da Manhã e um dos seus principais editorialistas à época, Otto Maria Carpeaux, são aqui apresentados como representantes daquela frente, capazes tanto de ratificá-la quanto indicar os seus limites.
Entomological knowledge in Madagascar by GBIF datasets: estimates on the coverage and possible biases (Insecta)
Authors: Iannella Mattia , D'Alessandro Paola , Biondi Maurizio
Published: May 2019

Although Madagascar is one of the world’s most important biodiversity hotspots, the knowledge of its faunistic diversity is still incomplete, notwithstanding many field campaigns were organized since the 17th century until nowadays, leading to a huge number of vertebrate and invertebrate records. In this contribution, taking into consideration the geographic distribution by a GBIF dataset including 286,764 records referred to nine insect orders (Coleoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Neuroptera, Odonata, Orthoptera, Trichoptera), we tried to supply some observations on the spatial distribution and to point out some possible biases in the entomological knowledge of Madagascar. Hymenoptera, Coleoptera and Diptera were the most represented orders in the dataset, respectively. Some orders show many “coupled” sampling, with peaks of shared sampled localities between Diptera with Hymenoptera (98.07%) and Hemiptera with Coleoptera (64.21%). Considering the geographic location and the extension of the vegetation macrogroups in Madagascar, the entomological data result unevenly distributed. Current Protected Areas’ (PAs) network covers about the 70% of the total of the collecting localities for the nine insect orders considered, even though some, such as Trichoptera, Odonata, and Neuroptera seem significantly less protected than others. However, the possible new PAs planned for Madagascar could greatly increase in the future the protection level for all 9 insect orders analyzed, especially for Neuroptera, Odonata and Lepidoptera. A percentage of 82.3% of the whole sampling localities falls inside the PAs themselves or within 1000 m from their borders. A similar pattern is observed for the road network: the 62.9% of the localities fall at least at 1000 m from a road, with no sampling localities observed further than 10 km from a road; statistically significant clusters were observed in evaluating these biases, coinciding with major towns or PAs.
Habitat selection and morphology of Saga pedo (Pallas, 1771) in Alps (Susa Valley, Piedmont, NW Italy) (Insecta: Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae, Saginae)
Authors: Anselmo Luca
Published: May 2019

This paper is a contribution to the knowledge of Saga pedo (Pallas, 1771), summarizing the results of a field study carried out on a population of the Italian W Alps. The peculiar eco-ethological traits of this species make its observation difficult in nature and overall also its biology is little known, especially in Italy. The habitat selection is outlined from 34 unpublished presence data, collected between 2016 and 2018. Moreover, some biometric traits are compared between adult individuals observed in two different and disjointed survey areas. The results show that the environments in which this species lives in Susa Valley should not be referred exclusively to xerothermic oases in strict sense. This species appears to be also associated, in fact, with xeric environments of agricultural origin, mostly abandoned vineyards. These land uses (especially viticulture) could have guaranteed the survival of S. pedo over time. The closure of these open areas by shrub and tree vegetation, constitutes an important threat factor. Phenology and morphology of this species in Susa Valley, seem do not differ from those reported for other European populations. However, from the biometric analysis some significant differences emerge (p<0.05) among the individuals sampled in the two areas, that are difficult to interpret. The observation of imagoes, always combined with high densities of potential prey and sometimes grouped, suggests some hypotheses that it would be interesting to test, to learn more about the ethology and ecology of this enigmatic protected species.
Psylliodes shirensis, a new replacement name for Psylliodes shira Biondi and D'Alessandro (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
Authors: Biondi Maurizio , D'Alessandro Paola
Published: May 2019

Not available
On reproducibility and replicability: Arguing for open science practices and methodological improvements at the South African Journal of Industrial Psychology
Authors: Efendic Emir , Van Zyl Llewellyn E.
Published: May 2019

Problematisation: In recent years, psychology has been going through a crisis of sorts. Research methods and practices have come under increased scrutiny, with many issues identified as negatively contributing to low replicability and reproducibility of psychological research.Implications: As a consequence, researchers are increasingly called upon to overhaul and improve their research process. Various stakeholders within the scientific community are arguing for more openness and rigor within industrial and organisational (I-O) psychological research. A lack of transparency and openness further fuels criticisms as to the credibility and trustworthiness of I-O psychology which negatively affects the evidence-based practices which it supports. Furthermore, traditional gate-keepers such as grant agencies, professional societies and journals, are adapting their policies, reflecting an effort to curtail these trends.Purpose: The purpose of this opinion paper is, therefore, to stimulate an open dialogue with the South African Journal of Industrial Psychology (SAJIP) contributing authors, its editorial board and readership about the challenges associated with the replication crisis in psychology. Furthermore, it attempts to discuss how the identified issues affect I-O psychology and how these could be managed through open science practices and other structural improvements within the SAJIP.Recommendations: We enumerate several easily implementable open science practices, methodological improvements and editorial policy enhancements to enhance credibility and transparency within the SAJIP. Relying on these, we recommend changes to the current practices that can be taken up by researchers and the SAJIP to improve reproducibility and replicability in I-O psychological science.
Perfil. Yime
Authors: De Santiago Mario
Published: May 2019

Perfil sobre el ilustrador Yime
A tradução de jogos de palavras em um corpus literário: uma revisão do modelo de Delabastita com auxílio da linguística de corpus
Authors: Silva Nilson Roberto Barros da
Published: May 2019

This paper analyzes the translation of wordplay from a literary corpus, the novel “O Xangô de Baker Street” (SOARES, 1995), translated into English by Clifford Landers in 1997, and does so based on the framework of Delabastita (1996) for wordplay’s translation. The study uses the theoretical-methodological approach of Corpus Linguistics and is characterized as “corpus driven” (TOGNINI-BONELLI, 2001). The analysis of the translations showed that Delabastita's framework can cope with only part of the procedures observed in the translation of the wordplay investigated, and as a result, the study proposes to expand the mentioned framework, by means of the addition of four new strategies for wordplays' translation.
(Re)pensando o conceito de tradução indireta em obras literárias
Authors: Hanes Vanessa Lopes Lourenço
Published: May 2019

In spite of the recent expansion and consolidation of Translation Studies as a scholarly field, there are few studies in this area concerned with indirect translation. Considering this gap, this text deals with the concept of indirect translation in three different translational contexts, aiming to reflect on and expand the traditional understanding of what may be considered an indirect literary translation.
PIECEWISE-PLANAR APPROXIMATION OF LARGE 3D DATA AS GRAPH-STRUCTURED OPTIMIZATION
Authors: Guinard S. , Landrieu L. , Caraffa L. , Vallet B.
Published: May 2019

Abstract. We introduce a new method for the piecewise-planar approximation of 3D data, including point clouds and meshes. Our method is designed to operate on large datasets (e.g. millions of vertices) containing planar structures, which are very frequent in anthropic scenes. Our approach is also adaptive to the local geometric complexity of the input data. Our main contribution is the formulation of the piecewise-planar approximation problem as a non-convex optimization problem. In turn, this problem can be efficiently solved with a graph-structured working set approach. We compare our results with a state-of-the-art region-growing-based segmentation method and show a significant improvement both in terms of approximation error and computation efficiency.
STRUCTURAL SEGMENTATION OF POINT CLOUDS WITH VARYING DENSITY BASED ON MULTI-SIZE SUPERVOXELS
Authors: Li Y. , Wu B.
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Ground objects can be regarded as a combination of structures of different geometries. Generally, the structural geometries can be grouped into linear, planar and scatter shapes. A good segmentation of objects into different structures can help to interpret the scanned scenes and provide essential clues for subsequent semantic interpretation. This is particularly true for the terrestrial static and mobile laser scanning data, where the geometric structures of objects are presented in detail due to the close scanning distances. In consideration of the large data volume and the large variation in point density of such point clouds, this paper presents a structural segmentation method of point clouds to efficiently decompose the ground objects into different structural components based on supervoxels of multiple sizes. First, supervoxels are generated with sizes adaptive to the point density with minimum occupied points and minimum size constraints. Then, the multi-size supervoxels are clustered into different components based on a structural labelling result obtained via Markov random field. Two datasets including terrestrial and mobile laser scanning point clouds were used to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. The results indicate that the proposed method can effectively and efficiently classify the point clouds into structurally meaningful segments with overall accuracies higher than 96%, even with largely varying point density.
AUTOMATIC IN-SITU SELF-CALIBRATION OF A PANORAMIC TLS FROM A SINGLE STATION USING 2D KEYPOINTS
Authors: Medić T. , Kuhlmann H. , Holst C.
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) measurements are unavoidably affected by systematic influences due to internal misalignments. The magnitude of the resulting errors can exceed the magnitude of random errors significantly deteriorating the quality of the obtained point clouds. Hence, the task of calibrating TLSs is important for applications with high demands regarding accuracy. In recent years, multiple in-situ self-calibration approaches were derived allowing the successful estimation of up-to-date calibration parameters. These approaches rely either on using manually placed targets or on using man-made geometric objects found in surroundings. Herein, we widen the existing toolbox with an alternative approach for panoramic TLSs, for the cases where such prerequisites cannot be met. We build upon the existing target-based two-face calibration method by substituting targets with precisely localized 2D keypoints, i.e. local features, detected in panoramic intensity images using the Förstner operator. To overcome the detriment of the perspective change on the feature localization accuracy, we estimate the majority of the relevant calibration parameters from a single station. The approach is verified on real data obtained with the Leica ScanStation P20. The obtained results were tested against the affirmed target-based two-face self-calibration. Analysis proved that the estimated calibration parameters are directly comparable both in the terms of parameter precision and correlation. In the end, we employ an effective evaluation procedure for testing the impact of the calibration results on the point cloud quality.
L1-NORM FITTING OF ELLIPTIC PARABOLOIDS WITH PRIOR INFORMATION FOR ENHANCED CONIFEROUS TREE LOCALIZATION IN ALS POINT CLOUDS
Authors: Polewski P. , Yao W. , Heurich M.
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Airborne laser scanning (ALS) is an established tool for deriving various tree characteristics in forests. In some applications, an accurate pointwise estimate of the tree position is required. For dense data acquired by TLS or UAV-mounted scanners, this can be achieved by locating the stem, whose center coordinates are then used for deriving the planimetric tree position. However, in case of standard ALS data this is often not an option due to the low probability of obtaining stem hits in operational scenarios of forest mapping campaigns. This paper presents an alternative, indirect approach where the tree position is approximated as the center of a quadric surface which best represents the tree crown shape. The study targets coniferous trees due to their distinct crown shape which may be approximated by an elliptic paraboloid. It is assumed that individual tree point clusters are given and the task is to find the tree center for each cluster. We first consider the general problem of fitting an elliptic paraboloid with a known axis and an L1 residual norm error criterion, which is more robust to outliers compared to least-squares fitting. We formulate this problem as a quadratically constrained quadratic program (QCQP), and show how prior knowledge on the crown shape and center position can be incorporated. Next, a computationally simpler problem is considered where the paraboloid semiaxis lengths are constrained to be equal, and a corresponding linear program is constructed. Experiments on ALS datasets of forest plots from Bavaria, Germany and Oregon, USA reveal that a reduction in median tree position error of up to 20% can be attained compared to both least-squares fitting and other baseline techniques, resulting in an absolute error of ca. 22 cm on both datasets.
DESCRIBING THE VERTICAL STRUCTURE OF INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS ON THE BASIS OF LIDAR DATA – A CASE STUDY FOR FAVELAS (SLUMS) IN SAO PAULO CITY
Authors: Ribeiro S. C. L. , Jarzabek-Rychard M. , Cintra J. P. , Maas H.-G.
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Cadastral mapping of favela’s agglomerated buildings in informal settlements at Level of Detail 1 (LoD1) usually requires specific surveys and extensive manual data processing. Therefore, there is a demand for including the favelas in the city map production on the basis of Lidar surveys, as well as the detection of their vertical growth. However, the currently developed algorithms for automatically extracting buildings from airborne Lidar data have mainly been tested only for regular building reconstruction. This study aims to develop a Lidar data processing pipeline enabling to compute metrics related to intraurban informal settlements. To do so, we present a procedure to generate favela’s buildings delineation, height, floors’ number and built area and apply them to six case studies in favela typo-morphologies. We conducted an exploratory analysis in order to obtain the adequate parameters of the processing pipeline and its evaluation, using open source, free license and self-developed software. The results are compared to reference data from the manual stereo plotting, achieving a quality index in the building reconstruction about 70%. We also calculated the growth density, measured by gross Floor Area Ratio index inside settlement, revealing values from 29% to 74% considering different time periods.
TRAFFIC EVENT DETECTION USING TWITTER DATA BASED ON ASSOCIATION RULES
Authors: Xu S. , Li S. , Wen R. , Huang W.
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Social media platforms allow millions of people worldwide to instantly share their thoughts online. Many people use social media to share traffic related experiences and events with online posts. A large amount of traffic related data can be obtained from these online posts – especially geosocial media data, where posts are tagged with geolocation information such as coordinates or place names. By extracting traffic events from geosocial media data, drivers can adapt to changing traffic conditions, while traffic management departments can propose timely and effective plans to improve traffic conditions. Most of the existing studies query traffic-related information based on a list of single keywords, which result in large amounts of noisy data – negative data containing one or more traffic-related keywords, but do not actually represent real-world traffic events. This paper aims to filter noisy data by mining association rules among words in positive data containing messages representing traffic events. Messages are more likely to be true traffic events if they follow the co-occurrence pattern of words mined from positive samples. A case study was conducted in Toronto, Canada using Twitter data. The tweets queried by the association rules were classified into non-traffic event, traffic accidents, roadwork, severe weather conditions, and special events with an 85% accuracy based on supervised machine learning methods. Compared with hourly average travel speed data, 81% of detected events were identified as real-world traffic events. This research sheds light on traffic condition monitoring in smart transportation platforms, which plays an important role for smart cities.
THE VERTICAL LAND MOTION OF TIDE GAUGE AND ABSOLUTE SEA LEVEL RISE IN BOHAI SEA
Authors: Zhou D. , Sun W. , Fu Y. , Zhou X.
Published: May 2019

Abstract. The ground vertical movement of the tide gauges around the Bohai sea was firstly analyzed by using the observation data from 2009 to 2017 of the nine co-located GNSS stations. It was found that the change rate of ground vertical motion of four stations was in the same order of magnitude as the sea level change. In particular, the land subsidence rate of BTGU station reaches 11.47 mm/yr, which should be paid special attention to in the analysis of sea level change. Then combined with long-term tide gauges and the satellite altimetry results, the sea level changes in the Bohai sea and adjacent waters from 1993 to 2012 were analyzed. The relative and absolute sea level rise rates of the sea area are 3.81 mm/yr and 3.61 mm/yr, respectively, both are higher than the global average rate of change. At the same time, it is found that the vertical land motion of tide gauge stations is the main factor causing regional differences in relative sea level changes.
SOIL TEXTURE CLASSIFICATION WITH 1D CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORKS BASED ON HYPERSPECTRAL DATA
Authors: Riese F. M. , Keller S.
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Soil texture is important for many environmental processes. In this paper, we study the classification of soil texture based on hyperspectral data. We develop and implement three 1-dimensional (1D) convolutional neural networks (CNN): the LucasCNN, the LucasResNet which contains an identity block as residual network, and the LucasCoordConv with an additional coordinates layer. Furthermore, we modify two existing 1D CNN approaches for the presented classification task. The code of all five CNN approaches is available on GitHub (Riese, 2019). We evaluate the performance of the CNN approaches and compare them to a random forest classifier. Thereby, we rely on the freely available LUCAS topsoil dataset. The CNN approach with the least depth turns out to be the best performing classifier. The LucasCoordConv achieves the best performance regarding the average accuracy. In future work, we can further enhance the introduced LucasCNN, LucasResNet and LucasCoordConv and include additional variables of the rich LUCAS dataset.
MULTIPLE-POINT GEOSTATISTICS TO DERIVE MISSING SURFACE DISPLACEMENT VALUES OF A GLACIER INFERRED FROM DINSAR
Authors: Ranjit B. , Tolpekin V. A. , Stein A.
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Glacier displacements play a vital role in the monitoring and understanding of glacier dynamics. Glacier displacement fields are typically retrieved from pre- and post-event SAR images using DInSAR. The glacier displacement map produced by DInSAR contains missing values due to decorrelation of the SAR images. This study demonstrates the utility of direct sampling—a well-established multiple-point geostatistics method—for deriving those missing values. Univariate and bivariate implementations of direct sampling are employed. In the univariate implementation, missing values are derived in single displacement map, whereas in bivariate implementation gaps in two displacement maps are filled simultaneously. Evaluation is carried out by artificially generated missing values on the displacement map of different shapes and sizes at different locations with known values. Imposed missing values are then reconstructed and compared with the original values. Reconstruction results of both implementations were compared with ordinary kriging using qualitative and quantitative measures. The study shows that with an increase in the size of such discontinuities, ordinary kriging predictions deteriorate significantly, whereas only slight decrease in reconstruction accuracy is observed for direct sampling. The results of both implementations are similar with the univariate implementation performing slightly better over bivariate implementation because the information from ancillary data is only partly complementary for bivariate reconstructions. Direct sampling performed better than ordinary kriging with accuracy below the DInSAR detection limit. This study concludes that multiple-point geostatistics is an effective method for deriving missing values in DInSAR derived displacement maps. Direct sampling based reconstruction is fast and straightforward to implement.
Perceptions and Realities of Violence in Medellín, Colombia
Authors: Doyle Caroline
Published: May 2019

Latin America is one of the most violent regions in the world, and this is particularly evident in its many cities. While urban violence scholars and policymakers generally rely on homicide rates to measure levels of violence in urban environments, these objective indicators often do not capture its realities. By drawing from over six months of fieldwork in the Latin American city of Medellín, Colombia, this paper shows how Medellín has experienced a significant reduction in homicides, but both real and perceived violence continues to have a significant effect on residents’ lives. The article contributes to the urban violence debate by highlighting its complexity in Latin America and how it is not fully quantifiable.

The article has been kindly translated into Spanish by the author and can be viewed in both English and Spanish
Right to Sexual Autonomy of Children—Implications of the UNCRC upon the Indian Law on the Age of Consent
Authors: Mathew Lina Acca
Published: May 2019

This article discusses the implications of sexual autonomy of children under international child rights regime upon Indian law. Indian general criminal law defining the offence of rape and a special statute defining different types of child sexual assault led to the inference that the current age of consent is 18 years. Despite statutory prohibition of child marriages in India, the general criminal law contains an explanatory provision exempting the rape of a married woman above the age of 15. The Supreme Court of India struck this down as discriminatory and inconsistent with existing provisions of law, increasing the age of consent of a married woman to 18. It is necessary for Indian law to clearly define the age of consent of children, and grant rights of sexual autonomy to children who are capable of making their own decisions, without compromising on penalising sexual offenders of children.
Rural Tax Evasion in Argentina: An Analysis of Tax Evasion Mechanisms and Social Relationships in the Córdoba Grain Market
Authors: Comba Antonella
Published: May 2019

This paper uses a theoretical perspective based on the ideas of Foucault, critical criminology, and rural criminology, to examine how social relations influenced tax evasion mechanisms in agriculture in the province of Córdoba, Argentina. The paper’s main contribution is to show how tax evasion mechanisms are deeply rooted in social relationships developed in the grain market. Through the analysis of thirty interviews, official statistics of tax evasion convictions, and administrative resolutions issued by the national tax agency, I argue that severe formal controls were unsuccessful in eradicating tax evasion because normative changes could not abruptly annul the social relations that made tax evasion in agriculture possible. On the contrary, tax evasion persisted, although some evasion mechanisms were left aside and new ones were created. Thus, it is necessary to stress the importance of a paper that studies economic crimes in geographic areas outside the global north, such as rural Argentina.
Alternative Positions on Crime and Criminality: An Examination of Perspective from the Margins
Authors: Watson Danielle
Published: May 2019

The study presents a case for expanding discussions about crime to include ideological variances, circumstances and societal contexts. A content analysis approach was used to interpret civilian interviews reflecting the problematic acceptance of crime as an understood construct and to highlight the need for recognition of interpretative diversities. The study analyses civilians’ perspectives that are critical to an understanding of how they view crime, and outlines the possible impact of such understandings on their relations with police officers. The article presents a case for the consideration of alternative understandings of crime, which contradict state delineation, and for reflection on the potential impact of these interpretations on enhancing the interface between police officers and civilians.
Indigenous Young Adult Literature
Authors: Matthews Amber , Bennett Gavin , Joian Maneja , Brancatella Jenna
Published: May 2019

Over the last decade Indigenous Young Adult (YA) literature has risen in popularity and demand in library programming and collections. Many works draw on the rich historical and cultural significance of narratives, oral history and storytelling in Indigenous communities. Their rise in prominence presents new opportunities for libraries to work with Indigenous authors and groups to share the importance of Indigenous histories and works in and through library spaces, collections and programming. However, in the context of popular culture including Indigenous YA literature, it is important to consider the identity and representation of Indigenous people, cultures and histories. The following annotated bibliography has been developed to guide libraries on the appropriate professional and cultural competencies to compliment this rising body of work and foster respect and recognition of Indigenous communities and works.
Sexual Violence Awareness in the Library Workplace
Authors: Haley Janelle , Beier Lea , Bennett Gavin , Cole Amanda
Published: May 2019

This text explains the inspiration behind the development of the sexual violence awareness in the library workplace workshop hosted by a group of MLIS students in November 2018. The goals of the workshop were to increase student awareness of and foster discussion around the issue of sexual violence within library and information related workplaces, provide definitions for sexual violence in its various forms, as well as provide participants with strategies and resources they can use to protect themselves and others. Additionally, the authors include some of the feedback gained from workshop participants.
Comparing spatio-temporal methods of non-communicable disease surveillance.
Authors: Hamlyn Mico , Piel Frederic B.
Published: May 2019

ObjectiveTo determine the merits of different surveillance methods for cluster detection, in particular when used in conjuction with small area data. This will be investigated using a simulated framework. This is with a view to support further surviellance work using real small area data.IntroductionHealth surveillance is well established for infectious diseases, but less so for non-communicable diseases. When spatio-temporal methods are used, selection often appears to be driven by arbitrary criteria, rather than optimal detection capabilities. Our aim is to use a theoretical simulation framework with known spatio-temporal clusters to investigate the sensitivity and specificity of several traditional (e.g. SatScan and Cusum) and Bayesian (incl. BaySTDetect and Dcluster) statistical methods for spatio-temporal cluster detection of non-communicable disease.MethodsCount data were generated using various random effects (RE). A subset of areas was randomly given an increased relative risk (RR) to simulate disease clusters. Simulations were conducted in R using a grid of 625 areas. We used 12 times= nteps within a hierarchical Poisson model. Multiple values of model parameters, including REs and the RR within clusters, were then tested. The range of RE (values) was derived from real-world data from England on common and rare diseases. RR ranging between 1.2 and 1.8 were tested to reflect both low and high exposures to pollutants and other risk factors. ROC analysis, based on 50 simulations, was used to assess the performance of each statistical method for each combination of parameter values.ResultsOur ROC analysis suggested that SaTScan usually had the highest specificity at low sensitivities (<0.5), although its maximum sensitivity was often lower than when using the Bayesian methods. In scenarios where the RR within clusters was lower, all methods had less sensitivity at a given specificity. Cusum usually performed quite similarly to SatScan, while the two Bayesian methods considered often misidentified a high proportion of disease clusters. P-values generated by SaTScan need to be considered with caution as they did not relate closely with the sensitivity or specificity of the ROC curves from our simulations.ConclusionsReal-world investigations of spatio-temporal signals (e.g. disease clusters) are often complex and time consuming. Identifying the best method to reduce the risks of identifying false positives and of missing real clusters is therefore essential. Despite the inherent constraints of theoretical simulations, such a framework allows to objectively assess the performance of different methods. Overall, our simulation framework suggested that SatScan would usually be the easiest, most user-friendly and best performing space-time methods for non-communicable disease surveillance.