bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MRI Brain Image Segmentation by Fully Convectional U-Net
Authors: Gajula Srinivasarao , Rajesh V.
Published: June 2021

When there is rapid growth in the research, and it will lead to use off large amount of data to get accurate results. When you are having large number of data then we require new techniques that will gives better performance in processing. The segmentation of a brain tumour is critical for both treatment and prevention. Various researchers proposed different neural network architectures to get better performance in segmentation of the brain tumour. processing this huge data is challenging and time taking process for computational and analysis. In this paper we are discussing about image segmentation by using fully conventional network U-Net. In the first stage we are performing some pre-processing on data sets by using adaptive filters. In the next step we are using U-Net architecture to perform segmentation and prediction of MRI brain images. In the next step we are performing Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) to equalize images. CLAHE takes care of over-amplification of the contrast. CLAHE operates on tiles of the image, rather than entire image.
Tarihsel Süreç İçinde Valilerin Değişen Yetkileri ve Cumhurbaşkanlığı Sistemindeki Yeri
Authors: ÖZKAYA Yakup
Published: June 2021

Mülki idare sisteminin geleceğinin tartışıldığı günümüzde taşrada, kamu politikalarının en önemli aktörü haline gelen valiler, Osmanlı teşkilat yapılanmasındaki konumundan Cumhurbaşkanlığı Sistemine kadar geldiğimiz süreçte büyük bir dönüşüm geçirmiştir. Özellikle güvenlik ve sağlık politikalarının öne çıktığı bu günlerde, valilerin görev ve yetkileri tarihte hiç olmadığı kadar gündemdedir. Ancak bu konuda yapılan güncel bir çalışma yok denecek kadar azdır. Bu çerçevede makalede, alanyazındaki eksikliği gidermek ve bilimsel çalışmalara katkı sağlamak amaçlanmıştır. Cumhuriyet Döneminde Adem-i merkeziyete ve yerel yönetimlere oldukça önem veren ilk anayasamız Teşkilat-i Esasiye’nin valilere anayasal nitelik kazandırmasıyla başlayan sürecin 1929 Vilayet İdaresi Kanunu ve ardından 1949’da İl İdaresi Kanunu ile günümüze geldiği noktada valilerin nasıl bir ajan/aktör/yönetici olduğunu tarihsel olarak incelemek ve değerlendirmek valilik kurumunun gelişim ve dönüşüm sürecini anlamakta okuyucuya fayda sağlayacaktır. 1980’lerden sonra bir yandan yeni kamu yönetimi anlayışı diğer yandan söz konusu yıllarda yaşanan siyasi olayların etkisiyle valilerin yetkileri artırılmış ve bugün geldiğimiz noktada cumhurbaşkanlığı sisteminde doğrudan Cumhurbaşkanına bağlı hale gelmişlerdir. Çalışmada tüm bu hukuki değişiklikler kamu yönetimi perspektifinden incelenmiş ve valinin yetki ve görevleri eski ve yeni sisteme göre açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.
Lokasyon Katsayısı Yaklaşımı İle Türkiye Çimento Sanayiinde Bölgesel Yoğunlaşma
Authors: ALKAN Adnan , OBUT BİLİM Zehra
Published: June 2021

Kümelenme, bölgesel kalkınmada önemli bir araçtır. Türkiye’de hemen hemen her bölgede yer alan çimento sanayinin, hangi bölgelerde yoğunlaşma potansiyelinin olduğu ya da hangi bölgelerde yoğunlaştığı üzerinde durulması gereken bir konudur. Özellikle geri kalmış bölgelerde yer alması ekonomik kalkınma açısından önemli bir role sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, İBBS Düzey2 bölgelerinde, NACE 2 koduna göre 23.51 kodlu Türkiye çimento sanayiinin yerel birim sayısı ve istihdama göre yoğunlaşma oranları, Yoğunlaşma Katsayısı (Location Quotient-LQ) yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Buna göre 2014 yılında yerel birim sayısına (sanayi tesisi) göre yoğunlaşma katsayısı en yüksek bölgeler, TR72 (Yozgat, Kayseri, Sivas), TRC2 (Şanlıurfa, Diyarbakır), TR62 (Mersin, Adana) ve TR63 (Osmaniye, Hatay, Kahramanmaraş)’dir. 2019 yılında ise; TRC2 (Şanlıurfa, Diyarbakır), TR90 (Ordu, Trabzon, Giresun, Artvin, Gümüşhane, Rize,), TR72 (Sivas, Kayseri, Yozgat) ve TR63 (Osmaniye, Kahramanmaraş, Hatay)’dir. İstihdam katsayısına göre 2014 yılında istihdamda en fazla yoğunluk gösteren bölgeler, TR81 (Bartın, Karabük, Zonguldak), TR52 (Konya, Karaman), TRA1 (Bayburt, Erzincan, Erzurum) ve TRA2 (Kars, Ağrı, Ardahan, Iğdır)’dir. 2019 yılında ise; TRC3 (Siirt, Mardin, Şırnak, Batman,), TR62 (Mersin, Adana), TR90 (Ordu, Trabzon, Giresun, Artvin, Gümüşhane, Rize,), TR52 (Konya, Karaman) ve TR63 (Osmaniye, Hatay, Kahramanmaraş)’dir. Sonuç olarak; ülkemizde yerel birim sayısı ve istihdam göstergelerine göre Çimento sanayiinde TR82 (Kastamonu, Çankırı, Sinop) ve TR22 (Balıkesir, Çanakkale) bölgeleri dışında kalan neredeyse tüm bölgelerde yoğunlaşma görülmektedir. 2019 yılı istihdam göstergelerinde yapılan lokasyon katsayısı analizine göre bazı bölgelerin ‘çok yüksek’ kümelenmeden, ‘orta’ ve ‘yüksek’ kümelenmeye geçtiği görülmüştür.
MESAFELİ SATIŞ SÖZLEŞMELERİ VE BU SÖZLEŞMELERDE TÜKETİCİNİN KORUNMASI
Authors: TEKÇE Ayşegül
Published: June 2021

Tarafların fiziki bir ortamda karşı karşıya gelmediği, mal veya hizmetlerin uzaktan pazarlanması amacıyla oluşturulmuş bir sistem çerçevesinde, taraflar arasında sözleşmenin hazırlık aşamalarının ve kurulduğu anın uzaktan iletişim araçları aracılığıyla gerçekleştiği mesafeli sözleşmelere, zayıf konumda olan tüketicinin korunması açısından ayrı bir önem atfedilmiştir. Bu sözleşmelerin günlük hayatta sıklıkla karşılaşılanı mesafeli satış sözleşmeleridir. Tüketicinin akdedilecek mesafeli satış sözleşmesi çerçevesinde, satım konusu mala ilişkin yeterince bilgi sahibi olamaması her zaman bir risk olarak karşısına çıkabilir. Bütün bunların önüne geçmek amacıyla, kanun koyucu özel hükümler getirerek bu sözleşmeler açısından düzenlemeler yapmıştır. Gerek 6502 sayılı Tüketicinin Korunması Hakkında Kanun’da gerekse 27 Kasım 2014 tarihinde yayımlanmış olup, 27 Şubat 2015 tarihinde yürürlüğe giren Mesafeli Sözleşmeler Yönetmeliği'nde mesafeli sözleşmelere ilişkin hükümlere etraflıca yer verilmiştir.

Çalışmanın birinci kısmında, mesafeli satış sözleşmesi kavramı ve mesafeli satış sözleşmesinin unsurları ele alınmaktadır. Mesafeli satış sözleşmesinin kurulmasına yer verilen ikinci kısmında, öneri, kabul beyanları ile sözleşmenin şekli incelenmektedir. Çalışmanın son kısmında, mesafeli satış sözleşmesinde tüketicinin korunması hususu değerlendirilmektedir.
Çok Tabakalı Evren Modeli Üzerine Genel Bakış
Authors: ÇİFCİ Cemal
Published: June 2021

Çok Tabakalı Evren Modeli; 2020 yılında Chemical Physics Letters dergisinde yayınlanan “Multilayered universe model with thermodynamics and kinetics studies” isimli çalışma ile elde edilmiştir. Bu modele göre; içinde yaşadığımız kısım birinci tabaka, bununla temasta olan kısımda diğer tabaka olarak açıklanmaktadır. Yapılan termodinamik ve kinetik hesaplamalarla bu model evreni; zamanın başlangıcından önceki dönem ile zamanın sona erdiği döneme kadar açıklamaya çalışmaktadır. Bu çalışmada; model ile evrenin açıklanmaya çalışılması aşamasındaki olaylar, genel bakış ile incelenmiştir.
assosiation of non alcholic fatty liver disease with coronary artery disease
Authors: Jibran Muhammad saad
Published: June 2021

OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between non alcoholic fatty liver disease and coronary artery disease. METHODOLOGY: This cross sectional study is conducted from July 2016 to December 2016, in cardiology unit, Lady reading hospital. By using non probability consecutive sampling, patients of all age groups and either gender, presenting to cath: lab for coronary angiography, indicated for angina CCS III, were included in the study. All patients fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria were subjected to screening for NAFLD by using ultrasonography. Patients were classified into having no, mild, moderate and sever NAFLD. Correlation between NAFLD and CAD, confirmed on cath: studies, was done using Spearman’s rho test. RESULTS: Total of 370 patients with mean age of 55.36 ± 10.07 years were enrolled in the study, of which 44.6% were females. Known risk factors for CAD like Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and smoking were present in 63.5%, 64.9% and 23% respectively. 28.4% of patients had no NAFLD, 28.4% had mild, 28.4% had moderate and 14.4% had sever NAFLD. 12.2% had no CAD while mild, moderate and sever disease was present in 36.5%, 31.1% and 2.3% respectively. By using chi square test co relation co efficient between NAFLD and CAD was calculated and came out to be 285.536 ( p value <0.000). NAFLD also increased the odds of having CAD by 2.9 times with a p value for odd ratio <0.000. CONCLUSION: NAFLD is strongly associated as an independent risk factor with CAD and increases the odds of having CAD. KEY WORDS:  NAFLD= Non alcoholic fatty liver disease, CAD= Coronary artery disease, CCS= Canadian classification scale, Cath:= Cardiac catheterization
DOES CONCOMITANT ADMINISTRATION OF DEXMEDETOMIDINE AND PROPOFOL PROVIDE MYOCARDIAL PROTECTION AND RENAL FUNCTION PRESERVATION IN COMPARISON TO PROPOFOL ALONE; A RANDOMIZED PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Rizvi Muhammad Farhan Ali , Farooq Sajid , Hashmi Sana Urooj , Yousaf Hafiz Muhammad Salman , Yousaf Hafiz Syed Muhammad Irfan , Baig Mirza Ahmad Raza
Published: June 2021

Objective: To ascertain the safety and efficacy of concomitant administration of dexmedetomidine and propofol in maintaining myocardial protection and renal function integrity in comparison to propofol alone in adult cardiac surgical patients.

Methodology: A randomized clinical trial was conducted at cardiac center Bahawalpur from June 2018 to January 2020. Study included 64 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Two groups, DP (DEXMEDETOMIDINE (DEX) +Propofol) and P (Propofol alone) were made by allocating 32 patients in each group. Hemodynamic parameters (Heart rate, Diastolic blood pressure (DBP), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) at different time intervals throughout the surgery were measured, pre and post-operative CKMB, any arrhythmias, events of tachycardia and bradycardia were recorded and renal parameters (urine output immediate post pump and 4 hours post pump, creatinine clearance of day 1 and day 2) were measured.

Results: DP group showed stable hemodynamics with values of hemodynamic parameters were lesser and statistically significant than patients in group P (Heart rate (p<.05), DBP (P<.05), SBP (P<.05) and MAP (p<.05). Both groups showed insignificant difference in terms of incidence of arrhythmias (p=0.325), Post-operative CKMB (P=0.512), events of tachycardia (p=0.6) and bradycardia (p=0.5).Immediate post pump urine was statistically significant (p<.05), however, 4-hour post pump urine (p = 0.45), creatinine clearance of day 1 (p = 0.8) and day 2 (p =.092) were comparable.

Conclusion: Concomitant administration of dexmedetomidine and propofol provide adequate cardioprotection by maintaining stable hemodynamics in comparison to propofol alone, however they did not prove to be effective renoprotective agents.
PAROXYSMAL ATRIAL FIBRILLATION OBSERVED ON 48 HOURS HOLTER MONITORING IN PATIENTS WITH SINUS RHYTHM ON ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
Authors: Raza Syed Haseeb , Saleemi Muhammad Sohail , Akhtar Ammar , Hashmi Kashif Ali , Zaffar Muhammad Zubair
Published: June 2021

Objectives: To find out the prevalence of undiagnosed atrial fibrillation and the risk factors associated with atrial fibrillation in patients with complaints of palpitations having normal sinus rhythm on electrocardiogram.

Methodology: The descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out from 1st of January 2017 to 31st of December 2020 at Department of Cardiology, Chaudhary Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology, Multan. All the patients presented with the complaints of palpitations for six months with normal sinus rhythm on standard 12 lead electrocardiogram were included in the study. After written informed consent, a Holter monitor was applied for 48 h. Data regarding gender, age, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, obesity, stable ischemic heart disease, valvular or nonvalvular structural heart defect and hyperthyroidism was collected on a preformed Performa for each patient. Presence of atrial fibrillation was noted on Holter monitoring.

Results: Total 1891 patients were studied over the period of 4 years. The mean age of the studied population was 55.99 ±16.28 years. There was male dominance with 70.3% (n=1329) males and 29.7% (n=562) females. 12.50% (n=236) patients had been diagnosed with atrial fibrillation on Holter monitoring. Age group of patients with age more than 75 years has high burden of atrial fibrillation (31.34%).

Conclusion: A large number of studied population has been diagnosed with atrial fibrillation on Holter monitoring who presented with palpitation and have normal sinus rhythm on electrocardiogram.
Role of p53 Expression in the Progression of Gastric Cancer in the Indian Population
Authors:   House surgeon, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai-600116, Tamil Nadu, Panicker Sheethal Sasidhara
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Gastric carcinogenesis frequently affects tumor suppressor TP53 gene, resulting in increased expression of p53 protein and mutations towards later stages of Gastric Carcinoma. Objectives: To analyze p53 protein expression in different stages of gastric cancer to determine if it could be used as a biomarker to allow targeted screening of high risk groups with intestinal metaplasia. Methods: We retrieved 101 formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue blocks of histopathology proven Gastric Carcinoma specimens and conducted an immunohistochemical study on a subset of 25 cases. Tumor sections were taken with adjacent normal mucosa. p53 expression was evaluated using immunohistochemical markers. With the observations from the study, analysis of p53 expression in different areas of the mucosa was done. Result: Thirteen carcinoma cases (52%) expressed p53 protein with a majority of eight (66.7%) cases showing intensity 3. Normal and metaplastic mucosa did not express p53 protein. In dysplastic mucosa, seven (28%) cases showed p53 expression with intensity ranging from 1 to 3. On comparing the data after excluding the p53 negative regions of normal and metaplastic mucosa, there was no difference with statistical significance. Conclusion: p53 expression is negative in normal and metaplastic gastric mucosa but shows expression in dysplastic and cancer cells. Thus, TP53 mutation is most likely an event towards later stages of carcinogenesis. We are dubious on the ability of p53 to be used as an authentic screening tool at the metaplastic stage to predict progression to carcinoma.
Political apprenticeship and women leadership in a patriarchal society: Nasim Wali Khan’s political struggle through acquired skills
Authors: Bashir Hassina , Jan Muhammad Ayub
Published: June 2021

This paper addresses the critical aspects of women’s political leadership in Pashtun society. The primary questions under investigation are; whether Nasim Wali Khan acquired political leadership skills and if she did, how she utilized these skills to accomplish her political objectives? We intend to see how familial political apprenticeship as well as career progression, enabled Nasim Wali to attain and retain leadership positions successfully? We do so mostly with the help of analyzing primary data collected through in-depth interviews of Nasim Wali Khan, her family members, political workers, journalists, and academicians to comprehend to support our argument. This study highlights the qualities bestowed with and acquired by Nasim Wali Khan to attain a leadership position within a political party. The study argues that by developing her political skills, such as political acumen, eloquence, political   astuteness, efficient   decision   making, confidence, and social astuteness, etc., Nasim Wali auspiciously engraved a political constituency in an otherwise patriarchal Pukhtun population. In such a way the paper explains the critical odyssey of Nasim Wali Khan in the uncertain sphere of politics.
DINAMIKA POLITIK BERDESA : STUDI KASUS PILKADES DI DESA SUDIMORO, KECAMATAN SRUMBUNG, KABUPATEN MAGELANG, JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Renaldi Libertus
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini mengkaji aktor yang menang dalam kontestasi Pilkades di Desa Sudimoro, Kecamatan Srumbung, Kabupaten Magelang, Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui observasi, dokumentasi dan wawancara mendalam  dengan kandidat yang menang, BPD, tim sukses serta masyarakat. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa, kemenangan aktor dalam kontestasi Pilkades dilatarbelakangi oleh beberapa faktor seperti trah/keluarga yang banyak, jiwa sosial dan dukungan dari tokoh masyarakat. Lalu, praktik patronase yang berwujud pada politik uang di desa tidak terjadi karena hubungan antara kandidat dengan pemilih lebih mengarah kepada relasional bukan pragmatis yang selalu diukur dengan uang. Hal ini karena hadirnya kehidupan berdesa yang lebih mengedepankan kekerabatan, kedekatan emosional dan jiwa sosial.
Prevalência e fatores associados à violência contra a mulher cometida pelo parceiro íntimo
Authors: Venturin Brenda , Azevedo Thayna Souto de Lima , Pedroso Márcia Regina de Oliveira , Nascimento Luciana de Cássia Nunes , Souza Márcia Valéria de , Leite Franciéle Marabotti Costa
Published: June 2021

Introdução: A violência contra a mulher é um problema de saúde pública, que pode afetar negativamente a saúde física, mental, sexual e reprodutiva, sendo aquela perpetrada pelo parceiro íntimo a mais comum. Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência e os fatores socioeconômicos, reprodutivos e de comportamento sexual associados à violência contra a mulher cometida pelo parceiro íntimo. Métodos: Estudo transversal com mulheres de 20 a 59 anos atendidas no período de agosto/2017 a junho/2018 em um Hospital Universitário de Vitória -ES. Para identificar as variáveis e os desfechos, foi utilizado o instrumento da Organização Mundial da Saúde e um formulário contendo as variáveis socioeconômicas, reprodutivas e comportamentais da mulher. Utilizou-se o teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson e o modelo de Regressão de Poisson, através do software Stata 13.0. Resultados: A maior prevalência de violência psicológica (39,2%), seguida da violência física (24,6%) e da sexual (13,8%). A variável idade esteve associada à violência psicológica, assim como a escolaridade à violência física. O número de filhos e a idade da menarca foram associados à violência sexual. Maiores prevalências de violência física e sexual se apresentaram associadas ao histórico de primeira relação sexual forçada, infecção sexualmente transmissível e a experiência de violência na primeira relação sexual. Conclusão: A violência contra a mulher perpetrada pelo parceiro íntimo é um fenômeno de elevada magnitude, sendo que fatores socioeconômicos, reprodutivos e de comportamento sexual podem influenciar nas frequências de ocorrência desse agravo.
Caracterização epidemiológica da sífilis em gestantes e recém-nascidos em um hospital universitário
Authors: Lauret da Silva Brunna , Estephanio dos Santos Arlete , Caliari Lima Otávio , Kerlen Simonelli Soares Karllian , Luiz Monteiro Andrade Romildo , Do Prado Thiago Nascimento , Valéria de Souza Almeida Márcia
Published: June 2021

Introdução: A sífilis gestacional e a congênita, apesar de apresentarem diagnóstico e tratamento de fácil manejo, ainda permanecem com elevadas incidências no Brasil. Objetivo: Caracterizar a situação epidemiológica dos casos de sífilis em gestantes (SG) e sífilis congênita (SC) notificados em um Hospital Universitário. Métodos: Estudo de série de casos, com utilização de dados secundários disponibilizados pelo SINAN, cuja população do estudo incluiu os casos de SG e SC no Hospital Universitário Cassiano Antônio Moraes (HUCAM), em Vitória-ES, no período de 2015 a 2017. Resultados: No período estudado, foram notificados 49 casos de SG e 56 casos de SC. Observou-se que, das mães cujos filhos tiveram desfecho de SC, 44,6% obtiveram tratamento considerado inadequado durante o pré-natal, e 60% dos parceiros não receberam o tratamento. Dentre os conceptos, 01 foi natimorto, 01 evoluiu para óbito associado à sífilis e 01 óbito por outras causas. Conclusão: As características epidemiológicas analisadas apontaram uma predominância de mulheres jovens, pardas e com baixa escolaridade, além de um considerável número de mães e parceiros que não realizaram tratamento adequadamente, fatores que podem ter contribuído para o desfecho em sífilis congênita nos recém-nascidos e evidencia dificuldades no alcance da meta de eliminação da SC estabelecida pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (0,5 ou menos casos / 1.000 nascidos vivos). Os dados apresentados apontam a necessidade de incluir manejos clínicos diferenciados para essa população.
Transmissão vertical do HIV: variáveis epidemiológicas de gestantes em um Serviço de Assistência Especializada em Alagoas
Authors: Oliveira Layse Maria Soares de , Gonçalves Maria das Graças Leopardi , Araújo Sabrina Suelly Gomes da Silva , Souza Johseph Paballo Gomes de , Torres Camila Honorato Albuquerque , Neves Sabrina Joany Felizardo
Published: June 2021

Introdução: Em todo o mundo, a infecção pelo vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana vem apresentando alterações epidemiológicas levando a mudanças no perfil dos acometidos. No Brasil, a ampliação da epidemia entre mulheres tem sido crescente. A feminilização da epidemia tem diversas consequências, como o aumento do número de crianças infectadas por esse vírus, e a transmissão vertical – da mãe para a criança – é uma das grandes preocupações. Objetivo: Identificar variáveis epidemiológicas de gestantes que convivem com esse vírus atendidas em um Serviço de Assistência Especializada em Alagoas. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo retrospectivo e transversal, de análise documental. A amostra correspondeu a um grupo de usuárias atendidas nesse serviço e notificadas no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação. Resultados: Entre 2017 e 2018 foram notificadas 62 gestantes convivendo com o vírus. As variáveis estudadas identificaram que a maioria dessas gestantes são mulheres na faixa de 20 a 29 anos, com baixa escolaridade, pardas, residentes em Maceió, notificadas no 2º e 3º trimestre de gestação, e que em sua maioria realizaram pré-natal e afirmaram uso de antirretrovirais durante o pré-natal, porém grande parcela ainda apresentava carga viral detectável antes do parto. Conclusão: As gestantes atendidas são prevalentemente mulheres jovens, de baixa escolaridade, que, apesar de realizarem pré-natal e utilizarem medicamentos durante a gestação, são notificadas a partir do segundo trimestre e mantêm carga viral detectável mesmo antes do parto, o que pode indicar fragilidade no acompanhamento pré-natal e/ou nas ações de educação em saúde voltadas para esse público.
Saúde materna em tempos de COVID-19: o que sabemos e para onde vamos?
Authors: Regina Gotler Medeiros Cássia , Dutra Degli Esposti Carolina , Guidolini Martinelli Katrini
Published: June 2021

Editorial.
Вопросы связанные с наукой в Коране
Authors: Наурызбаева Р
Published: June 2021

Несомненно, что у человека и народа с сильной духовной опорой – большое будущее.Поэтому научное изучение Корана имеет важное значение. Теоретические основы даннойпроблемы актуальны как в истории религиоведения и философии религии, так и в научнойсфере естественнонаучного и гуманитарного направления. Рассмотрение исламскогомировоззрения с точки зрения гуманитарных, естественных (физических) и других наукпозволяет молодежи углубляться во все сферы науки, не понимая религию, Коран какдогматическую тайную доктрину, и инициирует стать членом духовно сознательногообщества.В статье рассматривается Священный Коран в качестве божественной книги,основанной на науке, знаниях, преподавании и воспитании. Коран охватывает все областинауки. Иными словами, Коран содержит множество сведений из различных областей науки:физики, астрономии, астрофизики, химии, биологии, математики, медицины, экономики,педагогики, психологии, эмбриологии, геологии, философии, культурологии,естествознании, религиоведении и многих других. Поэтому Коран является неиссякаемымисточником научного знания. По мере развития науки и техники подтверждается и истинаКорана. В статье отмечается, что Коран – это книга истины, которая не утратила своейценности на протяжении веков, его чудеса неисчерпаемы и способствуют счастью ипроцветанию всего человечества. Рассматривается также связь между предметом физики итемами, содержащимися в Коране, священными словами, стихами, молитвами.
Современные методы обучения биологии на основе проектно-исследовательских работ
Authors: Абдрасилов Б , Салыбекова Н , Турсынходжаева Ш
Published: June 2021

В статье представлена методика реализации технологии проекта, применяемой вучебном процессе обучающихся естественно-научного направления 6-8, 10 классов, с цельюприобщения к науке. Также отражены ход и этапы организации исследовательских работ сприменением их в процессе обучения. Проанализированы способы использования, критерииоценивания по этапам урока и подведены итоги проектного метода как на уроке, так и вовнеурочное время. При выполнении проектной работы у обучающегосяусовершенствовались работы по формированию навыков организации поисковойдеятельности, выявления проблемы и умения ее самостоятельно решать. Осуществленанализ форм организации урока биологии с использованием технологии и методикиизучения закономерностей генетики, исследования видов лекарственных растений,формирования цитологических, физиологических представлений с помощью монопроекта.Даны критерии защиты, аргументации, оценки результатов проекта.
Педагогические мысли М. Жумабаева (о содержании функциональной работы педагога)
Authors: Абдыкадырова Т , Абдимомынов Е , Баимбетова А
Published: June 2021

Прежде чем применить какую-либо технологию, мы должны учитывать, что ее элементы, хотя и не являются целостной системой, находят свое отражение в работах деятелей педагогики нашего родного народа. Потому что каждая нация, каждая страна имеет свою психологическую специфику и свои особенности духовного мировоззрения, одним словом, национальный код. Умение правильно использовать этот код в учебном процессе требует высокого педагогического мастерства. Так, технология критического мышления и развивающего обучения по «Кембриджской» системе нашла отражение в мыслях М. Жумабаева, поэта-мыслителя нашего народа, автора известного труда «Педагогика», который был написан еще в начале ХХ века в цельной и последовательной форме. В статье рассматриваются педагогические воззрения М. Жумабаева в соответствии с современными требованиями в педагогике. На материале труда «Педагогика» анализируются профессиональная направленность личности педагога, тонкости профессии учителя, профессионально-педагогические наклонности и гибкость. В статье подробно рассматриваются такие черты личности педагога, как педагогический долг и ответственность, педагогическая этика и педагогический такт, педагогическая справедливость и авторитет педагога, культура научно-педагогического мышления. Целью статьи является рассмотрение лучших современных технологий, необходимых для современной системы образования, и ее целостной системы, ее унифицированных элементов на основе трудов заслуженного деятеля М. Жумабаева в области педагогики родного народа.
Особенности репрезентации цветовых названий в казахских и английских топонимах
Authors: Мейрбеков А , Сматова А , Тилеубердиев Б
Published: June 2021

В данной статье рассматривается изучение топонимов казахской и английскойтопонимики в контексте когнитивной лингвистики и механизм интерпретациирепрезентации и восприятия цветовых названий в топонимах и принципы построения этихмеханизмов. Топонимы анализируются как речевое выражение, обработанное в сознании,языкового образа мира – отношения человека и окружающей среды. Современный этаптопонимов в когнитивных исследованиях включает в себя рассмотрение языка как одной изкогнитивных подсистем и ономастической лексики в формулировании окружающих истин.Состав общенациональной топонимической картины мира определяет мотивацию привыборе наименований для земельных и водных объектов, связанных с названиями цветов (оттенков). Также изучается сочетание онимовых апеллятивов, номинация которых связана сцветовой атрибутикой, используемой на обоих языках.Цветовое обозначение в составе топонимов рассматривается относительноособенностей географических объектов и их восприятия органами зрения человека. В связи стем, что у разных народов внешний мир представляется в виде специфическихидиоэтнических образцов, в топонимах разных этносов цветовые символы распознаются сновой стороны. В статье рассматриваются цветовые характеристики пространства вназваниях земель и вод, приведенных в качестве образца. Анализируются различныеподходы к природе цветовых составляющих географических названий, показанавозможность символической и ориентационной интерпретации цвета. Тот факт, что цвет всоставе топонимов может служить ориентирующей функцией, а не просто как указательгоризонта, также не остается незамеченным. В составе топонимов также представленырезультаты исследований, связанные с природой объекта, в котором номинируетсясимволика цветовой ориентации.
Modern correction of an underactive bladder after spinal cord injuries
Authors: Amirov A. R. , Bodrova R. A.
Published: June 2021

The article presents an overview of the literature on modern correction methods of an underactive bladder in spinal cord injury patients. The article provides data on the effectiveness of treatment and possible complications.
Aplicativos de nutrição: percepção dos praticantes de exercícios físicos
Authors: de Oliveira Filipe , Bernucci Beatriz
Published: June 2021

Existe uma infinidade de aplicativos disponíveis gratuitamente que abordam os assuntos da nutrição, tendo como público-alvo praticantes de atividade física em seus diversos segmentos. Diante desta crescente popularidade, torna-se necessário analisar se tais aplicativos apresentam impacto na relação do nutricionista com o paciente e se essa relação possui respaldo na legislação. Sendo assim, a contribuição deste estudo apresenta resultados desafiadores para a classe profissional, considerando ainda que os aplicativos estão presentes no cotidiano das pessoas e estas recorrem cada vez mais à sua utilização.
Religiosity Among Criminals With Death Pinalty: A Study Of Nusakambangan Prison
Authors: Aliza Novia Fetri , Krisdiana Putri , Hamzani Yusri
Published: June 2021

This article discusses religiosity among criminals who pleaded guilty with death penalty at Lembaga Pemasyarakatan (Lapas) Permisan Nusakambangan. This focuses on two major issues; religiosity among the criminals and factors that contribute to the level of religiosity. The author carries out a field research by conducting interview and documentation. Subjects of the research are limited to three main categories; Muslim males in Indonesia, punished with capital punishment, and waiting for execution for more than ten years. The data obtained are analyzed using a theory of religiosity that is developed in religious study and psychology. The result of the study shows that the religiosity of the criminals who are punished with capital punishment are very good based on aspects of religiosity, such as; belief, Islamic law, and behavior of the criminals. Moreover, this religiosity is affected by internal and external factors. Internal factors relate to their confession of the past sins and the fear of death, while the external factors relate to the roles of their parents, children, and wife.

Artikel ini membahas tentang religiusitas narapidana vonis hukuman mati di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Permisan Nusakambangan. Terdapat dua pembahasan utama yang dikaji dalam artikel ini: kondisi religiusitas narapidana vonis hukuman mati yang saat ini mendekam di lapas Permisan dan faktor-faktor yang membentuk sikap religius mereka. Untuk mendapatkan data seputar dua pembahasan utama tersebut, penulis menggunakan jenis penelitian lapangan dengan metode wawancara dan dokumentasi. Subjek dalam pembahasan ini juga dibatasi pada tiga kategori, yaitu orang Indonesia yang beragama Islam, mendapatkan vonis hukuman mati, sedang dalam masa menunggu eksekusi mati lebih dari sepuluh tahun dan berjenis kelamin laki-laki. Pada tahap selanjutnya, informasi yang didapatkan pada subjek penelitian tersebut dianalisis menggunakan teori religiusitas yang terdiri dari tiga dimensi utama, yaitu akidah, syariah, dan akhlak. Berdasarkan beberapa data yang didapatkan, kondisi religiusitas narapidana vonis hukuman mati di lapas Permisan sangat baik, hal ini terlihat dari pelaksanaan tiga dimensi utama religiusitas itu sendiri. Pada sisi kedua, religiusitas narapidana dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal berupa kesadaran atas dosa masa lalu dan ketakutan akan kematian. Sedangkan motivasi eksternal didapatkan dari orang tua, anak dan istri.
Post-Theistic Negotiation Between Religion And Local Customs: Roles Of Indigenous Local Faiths In Lombok Island: Study Of Epistemology And Sociology Of Knowledge
Authors: War'i Muhammad
Published: June 2021

This article describes post-theistic negotiation conducted by the followers of indigenous local faith in Lombok Island. This study is a qualitative research method based on epistemological and sociological perspectives. This research found: first the epistemological structure developed by indigenous religion’s followers is constructed in the frame of established epistemological cycles; second, social reality construct within Lombok community is dynamic supported by local belief, intellectual maturity, intellectual maturity, and social awareness. Third, religion and local customs have compatible relations. Post-theistic negotiation is seen as a means to boast inter- faith dialogue.

Tulisan ini membahas tentang negosiasi post-theistik penghayat kepercayaan lokal dalam mendialogkan agama dan adat di Pulau Lombok. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif, melalui analisis epistemologi dan sosiologi pengetahuan, penelitian berkesimpulan: Pertama, formasi epistemologi yang dikembangkan para penghayat kepercayaan lokal menujukkan model persinggungan epistemologis yang menunjukkan kemapanan dalam tiap-tiap lingkaran epistemologis. Kedua, konstruksi realitas sosial yang mengelilingi individu maupun komunitas masyarakat Lombok bergerak dalam lingkaran sosial yang dinamis dimana warisan kepercayaan lokal, kemapanan intelektual, kepekaan sosial telah memberikan warna pada bangunan sosial mereka saat ini. Ketiga, agama dan adat tidak boleh dipertentangkan tanpa melalui proses intelektual dan sosial yang panjang. Negosiasi post-theistik adalah mekanisme penting yang layak digunakan dalam dialog antar keyakinan secara khusus dan dialog agama-agama secara umum guna menuju suatu tatanan masyarakat dialog yang mapan.
Естественно-научные взгляды Беруни в труде «Памятники минувших поколений»
Authors: Жомардова Дилафруз
Published: June 2021

В данной статье освещены  естественно-научные взгляды  А.Р.Беруни в труде «Памятники минувших поколений». Обоснованны взгляды великого мыслителя на природу и материю, также по проблемы происхождения мира.
Student mood and responses to standing desks in the college classroom
Authors: Green Ryan M. , Graves Myia L. , Edwards Carrie M. , Hebert Edward P. , Hollander Daniel B.
Published: June 2021

Physical activity enhances physical health, reduces disease, and resists metabolic syndrome and obesity, while sitting for extended periods of time has a negative effect on long term health outcomes. Thus, reducing sitting time has been identified as a health-enhancing goal. The purpose of this study was to explore perceptions and responses of college students to sitting versus standing in class. Five standing desks were placed in a classroom of traditional sitting desks. In a counterbalanced, within subjects design, 88 undergraduate students (age M=21.64, SD=6.55 years) participated in the study. Some participating students first stood at a desk for three consecutive class meetings and then sat for three classes while others sat for three consecutive classes and then stood for three. Surveys were administered at the beginning and end of each class and at the end of six consecutive class sessions. Results indicated that mood was signifi- cantly higher on standing than sitting days, the majority of participants had a favorable perception of the standing-in-class experience, and would use standing stations if the option was available. This study is one of few to examine the viability and response to adding standing desks in college classrooms, and indicates standing desks may be perceived favorably and could be utilized to reduce sitting time.
TERMINOLOGY AND STRATEGIES FOR GENERATING TERMS IN THE AMAZIGH LANGUAGE- ABOUT A UNIFIED AND STANDARDIZED AMAZIGH LANGUAGE-
Authors: MOHAMED Amahdouk
Published: June 2021

It is self-evident to say : there is no mobility of language without the kinetic of the term because it is the backbone of scientific language and the mainstay of its technical and procedural concepts. And as the sciences, arts, and technologies were constantly developing and expanding, their idiomatic structures were constantly changing and changing ; Scientific knowledge is always changing, and its change takes a kind of "accumulation", by adding the new to the old, and then the scope of knowledge is constantly expanding. If many thinkers accept the parallel between language and thought, it may happen that the linguistic development does not keep pace with the intellectual development, so the terminology will have to generate special terms to name the new concepts. The term, then, is an ancient and modern topic; It is archaic as long as it dates back to the beginnings of the formation of culture represented in original sciences for which there was a need to create a formal conceptual apparatus of its own, and it is a modern topic, because the need for the term has become more urgent in all types of contemporary thought, especially in the Amazigh linguistic thought, which He found himself suddenly in front of a scientific civilization invading him with its sciences, techniques and literature, and inviting him to consolidate his terminological structure, so that he would be at the level of the current challenges and keep pace with the many transformations taking place in the global intellectual arena. And then this study seeks, through exhuming some of all the global idiomatic generation strategies as a result of the idiomatic generation, to contribute to the workshops of standardizing the Amazigh language and its standardization, by preparing the ground for the enrichment of the various archaic and semantic fields. It has a wide production capacity and a great creative capacity in the process of generating terms, and it can sort new Amazigh linguistic units at a level of great accuracy and clarity.
THE IMPACT OF SUNNI ISLAMIC SUFISM ON THE CONSOLIDATION OF THE PRINCIPLE OF SOCIAL SOLIDARITY
Authors: EL MOUDEN El Akel
Published: June 2021

Islamic Sufism is considered a scientific and practical education of souls, a cure for diseases of the heart, a plantation of virtues, a rebellion of vices and a suppression of desires and a training in patience, contentment and obedience. In addition, it has had a great impact on strengthening spiritual ties between all cultural, social and tribal components. Sufism is also considered one of the most important characteristics in the religious field. This is due to the accumulation of educational assets in this field that have contributed very effectively to the formation of religious conscience and national social behavior, which cannot be erased or changed. Sunni Islamic Sufism is a practical, not theoretical, and therefore realistic, and this realism means taking into account the reality of the universe in terms of its reality. The Sufi’s observance of this realism makes him fully connected with the society in which he lives. On the other hand, the constant of Sunni Sufism works to consolidate the values of peace and social cohesion. Furthermore, the general experiences show us that men of Sufism who involve themselves in peace can more than others contribute to spreading and strengthening peace in their surroundings, just as Sufis believe in the reality of intellectual difference whether between persons or between nations and they deal in cooperation and acquaintance. This article aims to define the role of Sunni Sufism in establishing of the principle of social cohesion. It also shows the reality of Sunni Sufism, its interest in social justice and its focus on the principle of tolerance and the right to difference.
Model of Explicit Knowledge Management in Organizational and Technical Systems
Authors: Аndroshchuk Оleksandr , Berezenskyi Ruslan , Lemeshko Оlha , Melnyk Andriy , Huhul Oksana
Published: June 2021

The technical component of knowledge management in organizational and technical systems in various fields, as well as in military formations and law enforcement agencies has not been investigated. In order to find the key characteristics of a comprehensive knowledge management model in organizational and technical systems, the main actions with knowledge and directions of implementation, realizing the recently developed knowledge management models, have been examined. There is provided to add a technical component to the model of explicit knowledge management in organizational and technical systems, implemented by the information and telecommunication system, the server of which is located, for example, in the research institution, the modeller or the educational institution. All components of the model of explicit knowledge management in organizational and technical systems accomplish acquiring of explicit knowledge from the knowledge management system in the organizational and technical systems or, if necessary, providing of explicit and implicit knowledge to the knowledge management system in organizational and technical systems. Implementation of the proposed explicit knowledge management model in organizational and technical systems is suggested to be implemented using the ontological approach of knowledge formalization and consideration. Thus, a combination of syntactic and semantic search is used, that is, the search is performed in instances of ontology, taking into account their semantic characteristic and connections.
“THE BOOK OF SECTS AND CREEDS” BY AL-SHAHRASTANI AS AN ISMAILI SOURCE: SWITCH THE PARADIGM IN HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY
Authors: Volf Marina
Published: June 2021

Muhammad ibn `Abd al-Karīm al-Shahrastani is a well-known source in the West about Islamic and non-Islamic religious teachings. His “Book on Sects and Creeds” has so far been considered in the history of philosophy among the Asharite doxographic works. At present, the evaluation of this work in the history of philosophy is radically changing: from the Asharite doxography its evaluation is shifted to the opposite pole - Isma’ili heresiography. The paper presents historical and biographical facts, as well as a brief description of the main works that allow us to include al-Shahrastani in the Isma’ili context. It analyzes the Shahrastani's preface to Kitab al-milal wa-n-nihal, which clearly shows the coherence of this section, including the methodology and structure of the treatise indicated by the author himself, with other Isma’ili books, in particular with the “Chapter on Shaytan” from Kitab al-Shajar Abu Tammam. Using the example of the switching of this book evaluations, we want to argue against the point of view that insists on the conservatism of the philosophical canon ostensibly created and observed by the history of philosophy, and to show that the history of philosophy research, although it depends on speculative interpretations, is fundamentally an empirical work, essentially dependent on the facts which role played by the sources, and the decisive factor in changing the "paradigm" in history of philosophy or the philosophical canon is primarily our trust in the sources and their careful reading in various contexts.
Is it possible to scrutinize a relationship between a given pair of actors by performing a documentary scrutiny?
Authors: Dias de França André Luiz , Ataíde Dias Guilherme
Published: June 2021

This is the exploratory stage of data used in a doctoral thesis that used social network analysis to scan relationships between actors with the aim of making the thesis that the exception regime in Brazil for 21 years, was already supported by a cohesive and robust of who shared an ideology. Through documentary research, a social network analysis was used in an innovative way when scrutinizing archives in the search for links between people in the period from 1964 to 1985. 374 people classified in the reports of the National Commission of Truth as responsible for human rights violations during the Dictatorship in Brazil. They are names of owners who made up an initial list of social actors to build the network of human rights violators. Through the construction of a matrix, associated with each author, it performed every fifteen events. To give depth, searches were made in the digital repositories of documents (such as their availability) for the following references: Projeto Brasil Nunca Mais de 1985, from the Archdiocese of São Paulo; National Archives and Brazilian Digital Library. With the findings, it was possible to conclude an exploratory stage with the following: It is possible to scan a relationship between a given pair of actors by conducting documentary scrutiny.
Men Without Names
Authors: Sarkar Debjani , Manna Nirban
Published: June 2021

Left-Wing Extremism (LWE) in India was realized along the lines of Maoist ideology through the Naxalite insurgency in the 1960s. Novelists have attempted to grasp the mood of this decade of liberation through fiction. This article attempts to study two novels which document the formative years of the Naxalite movement in West Bengal. Translated works from Bengali, Mahasweta Devi’s Mother of 1084 (1974) and Bani Basu’s The Enemy Within (1991) foreground the necropolitical policies of the demonic state in eliminating these Naxal names. State and non-state actors obliterate the question of the Naxal’s identity (enmeshed with his mind and body), making it the focal point of the analysis. Drawing abundantly on concepts of homo sacer, necropolitics, McCarthyism, and democide, the analysis demonstrates that the protagonists are typical of what modern biopolitical states do to non-conformist subjects by creating death worlds. This article is an attempt at understanding the nuances of a sociopolitical movement through literature as social responsibility.
Changing Concept of the Royal Grain Management in Egypt (2600-1650 BC)
Authors: Bardoňová Martina
Published: June 2021

The present study concerns a longue durée evolution of the ancient Egyptian Snw.ty from the time of its foundation during the Old Kingdom to the end of the Middle Kingdom (ca 2600–1650 BC). During this time, Snw.ty was the apex of the royal grain management as an important royal tool and intermediary between the producers and receivers of the grain. The objective of this study is to determine how Snw.ty was used during this time and how its operations transformed with respect to changing royal administration and policies. The analysis is based on observation of term’s use transformations which might be indicative of its changing sense, as found in written documents referring to both Snw.ty and related Snw.wt installations.
De lo institucional a lo vernáculo: pasados que liberan
Authors: Medel Barragán Daniel
Published: June 2021

Reseña crítica de Claire Norton y Mark Donnelly, Liberating Histories, Nueva York y Londres, Routledge, 2019, 258 pp. ISBN: 978-1-351-00586-9