bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Expenditure Performance and Tax Evectiveness of Kediri Regency
Authors: Nasrin Ewita , Ardini Mayda Putri , Al-Hasyimi Muhammad Ilzam Hafidz , Dhiyah Nazhathul Mila , Rahmawati Nila Yuni , Viona Caristanica  , Hapsari Mega Tunjung
Published: December 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine how the performance of local expenditure and local tax revenue in Kediri Regency.
Methodology: The research method used is descriptive-quantitative, using secondary data in the form of financial reports and local government budgets from the Kediri District Statistics Agency and the Ministry of Finance for 2018-2023.
Findings: The results showed that Kediri District's expenditure growth for 6 years was classified as unfavorable because the average revenue growth was smaller than the average expenditure growth. Meanwhile, the performance of operational expenditure to total expenditure shows good results because operational expenditure is less than 90%. The performance of capital expenditure on total expenditure also shows good results with a percentage of more than 5%. And the performance of direct expenditure and indirect expenditure on total expenditure shows good results, with the average direct expenditure greater than the average indirect expenditure. In terms of local tax performance, Kediri Regency from 2018-2023 shows very effective results where each ratio value is more than 100%.
Novelty: This study analyzes 5 ratios of expenditure performance and local taxes in Kediri Regency for the last 6 years, starting from 2018 to 2023.
Radiological and Pathological Challenges in Diagnosing Pleomorphic Lobular Carcinoma In Situ With Focal Invasion: A Case Report
Authors: Lee Hyo-jae , Park Chan , Jeong Won Gi , Lee Ji Shin , Park Min Ho , Lim Hyo Soon
Published: December 2024

Pleomorphic lobular carcinoma ;in situ (PLCIS) is a relatively uncommon subtype of lobular neoplasia, characterized by large pleomorphic discohesive cells exhibiting marked nuclear atypia, frequent central comedo-necrosis, and microcalcifications. Owing to these features, PLCIS is difficult to distinguish using radiological and histological analyses with high-grade ductal carcinoma ;in situ. This report presents a case in which breast PLCIS was initially misdiagnosed as invasive ductal carcinoma based on core-needle biopsy and radiological findings. However, further investigation confirmed the diagnosis of PLCIS with invasive lobular carcinoma, measuring only 1.04 mm. This case illustrates the diagnostic challenges of PLCIS, which mimics invasive ductal carcinoma, causing unnecessarily aggressive treatment. Notably, this warrants careful pathological and radiological evaluations for accurate diagnosis and guides appropriate management.
HUKUM ADAT DAN NILAI RESTORATIF: KONTEKSTUALISASI PENYELESAIAN KONFLIK SUMBANG ADAT DI JAMBI
Authors: Kurniawan Ardian , Triana Neni , Sari Maulidina , Hasibuan Nurul Laylan , Ramadhona Ana
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini menganalisis mekanisme penyelesaian konflik sumbang adat di Jambi melalui hukum adat berbasis nilai restoratif. Menggunakan metode non doktrinal melalui pendekatan kasus, penelitian ini menelaah norma dan nilai hukum adat dalam penyelesaian konflik dan menghubungkannya dengan teori keadilan restoratif. Dengan memfokuskan pada dua contoh kasus dari Desa Babeko dan Desa Olak, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bagaimana penyelesaian konflik adat di masing-masing desa menekankan rekonsiliasi dan pemulihan harmoni sosial, bukan hanya pemberian sanksi. Pengembangan model hukum adat berbasis nilai restoratif seperti ini dapat menjadi referensi untuk diterapkan di wilayah lain, serta memberikan panduan untuk integrasi nilai tersebut dalam pembangunan hukum positif nasional berbasis kearifan lokal.
TINDAKAN ULTRA VIRES ORGAN PEMERINTAHAN DAN KONSEKUENSI HUKUMNYA
Authors: Efendi A'an , Sudarsono Sudarsono
Published: December 2024

Pasal 17 ayat (2) UUAP yang memosisikan ultra vires sebagai spesies dari genus penyalahgunaan wewenang adalah tidak tepat. Ultra vires merupakan jenis sendiri dari bentuk penyimpangan penggunaan wewenang yang berbeda dari penyalahgunaan wewenang. Konsekuensi hukum tindakan ultra vires organ pemerintahan adalah batal demi hukum yang berarti sejak semula tindakan itu dan akibat hukumnya tidak memiliki eksistensi dalam hukum, bukan tidak sah sebagaimana ketentuan Pasal 70 ayat (1) UUAP. Tindakan organ pemerintahan yang batal demi hukum harus dideklarasikan dalam putusan peradilan tata usaha negara bahwa tindakan itu batal demi hukum dan tidak menciptakan atau mengubah keadaan hukum apapun.
Insights of carbon footprint of tea through life cycle approach
Authors: Premalatha Vadivel , Sunitha Rangasamy , Rajkishore Subramanian Krishnaraj , Manimekalai Ramar , Thamaraiselvi Seenapuram Palaniswami , Moorthy Sathya Ponnuraj , Raveena Ravi , Ramesh Desikan
Published: December 2024

Stabilizing GHG emissions in the agri-food sector is crucial for climate change mitigation. Tea is one of the most consumed drinks worldwide and such high levels of consumption necessitate for the carbon footprint (CF) assessment of its entire life cycle encompassing all six stages such as cultivation, processing, packaging, transportation, consumption and disposal to understand the environmental impact of tea industry at large. In this context, this study is a maiden attempt to quantify and compare CF for the entire life cycle of all three types of tea such as black, green and white tea in a single research paper by employing the life cycle assessment (LCA) method in significant tea growing areas of Tamil Nadu, India. The findings revealed that the consumption stage contributed the highest CO2 emissions, accounting for 45%-56% to overall CF. Black tea consumption contributed 45% (5.8 kg CO2-eq/kg of made tea) of the total CF, while green tea and white tea had higher CF (8.3 kg CO?-eq/kg of made tea), contributing 56% to the total CF. The processing stage was the second largest source, contributing 12-19% to overall CF, followed by packaging (15-17%) and cultivation (10-11%) stages. Overall, the total CF (cradle to grave) for black tea and white tea had a similar value of 12.9 kg CO2-eq/kg of made tea, whereas green tea registered a higher value of 14.79 kg CO2-eq/kg of made tea. Furthermore, this assessment identified hotspots of GHG emissions. It enabled the recommendation of CF reduction measures to promote carbon neutrality in tea sector while being a part of global climate change mitigation efforts.
Effect of land configuration and methods of establishment on pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucam)
Authors: Surekha MN , Vasuki V , Kavitha S
Published: December 2024

The present study examines the impact of land configuration and establishment methods on the growth and productivity of pearl millet. The experiment was conducted using a split-plot design with three main plot treatments, flatbed planting (M1), ridges and furrows (M2) and raised bed paired row planting (M3) and four subplot treatments: direct sowing (S1), 10- day-old seedlings (DOS) (S2), 15 DOS (dapog) (S3) and 20 DOS (S4). Each treatment combination was replicated three times. The results revealed that among the main plot treatments, ridges and furrows (M2) demonstrated superior performance exhibiting greater plant height, a higher total number of tillers, and increased dry matter production (DMP) at harvest. In subplot treatments, direct sowing (S1) resulted in better growth parameters, including greater plant height, higher DMP at harvest, and improved indices such as Leaf Area Index (LAI), Crop Growth Rate (CGR), Relative Growth Rate (RGR) and Net Assimilation Rate (NAR). In contrast, the 20 DOS in raised bed paired row planting (M3) recorded the shortest time to heading and 50% flowering. Among the treatment combinations, direct sowing in ridges and furrows (M2S1) achieved the highest plant height, maximum DMP at harvest and superior grain and straw yield.
Strategic agronomic interventions for leaf yield and quality improvement in moringa (Moringa oleifera L.) under high density planting system
Authors: Kavitha MP , Balakumbahan R , Maheswari UM , Sidhdharth G , Nageswari K , Sudhakar G , Parameswari C , Mohan MM , Desigan J
Published: December 2024

Moringa leaves are rich in minerals, vitamins, proteins, and soluble fiber, making them an ideal dietary supplement for addressing undernourishment, as well as iron and vitamin A deficiencies. The presence of high concentrations of potassium, iron, calcium, and magnesium, and natural antioxidants are particularly beneficial for pregnant mothers and young children. The current study carried out in 2021 and 2022, sought to standardize crop geometry and harvesting heights to enhance leaf biomass and quality in Moringa under High-Density Planting Systems . The research trial employed four different spacing configurations, incorporating single-row and double-row triangular planting at both wider and closer spacing, and included three harvesting heights. The experiment was arranged in a split-plot design with three replications. Observations on growth parameters, physiological traits, and yield characters were recorded at each harvest. Leaf quality parameters were analyzed in dried Moringa leaf powder. Pooled results indicated that double-row triangular planting with narrower intra-row spacing, combined with a 45 cm harvesting height, yielded substantially higher fresh and dried leaf yields of 42.76 t/ha and 7.83 t/ha, respectively. This treatment also produced superior leaf quality parameters, attributed to enhanced growth, physiological responses, and yield outcomes, leading to greater economic returns through enhanced fresh leaf yield.
Navigating the Impact of Remote Work Arrangement on the Employee Professional Growth and Development at the Workplace
Authors: Solanki Kalpana
Published: December 2024

This research paper aims at exploring the impact of the of Remote Work on Employee Engagement, skill enhancement, Productivity and happiness in UAE based private and public sector employees. Remote work has been seen as a new way of working in the modern business after the Covid 19 Pandemic. This work arrangement is gaining popularity in many industries around the world specially middle east. This research will investigate the assumption that remote work has a wider impact on the employee’s engagement, skills, productivity and happiness level. The research concluded that all the 4 hypothesis were supported by the findings which indicate a positive relationship between the remote work arrangement and the Employee Engagement, skill enhancement, Productivity and happiness of the employees. The researcher has used quantitate as well as qualitative and quantitative measurements for testing the hypothesis including the surveys, interviews and Descriptive statistics including ANOVA, linear regression, and other techniques to obtain the results.
Some Guidelines to Publish Open Education Resource (OER) Materials for ADA Auditory Compliance in a Business Class
Authors: Kohli Raj K , Pant Anurag
Published: December 2024

The number of persons with disabilities in the US has steadily increased to more than one in four today. Such disabilities have impaired both physical and cognitive functioning in human beings. Educational designers have suggested using a universal approach to designing courses and their materials such that all students could potentially benefit from such accommodations. Visual disability in particular has caused persons to be unable to grasp materials fully due to their dependence on text to speech software. Persons with disability have lagged the rest of the population in employability because of their lack of access to proper materials. In business education, finance classes have a particular problem of being able to depict tabular information to those with visual disability. This paper provides one method of how text-to-speech options can be used to suitably modify teaching materials and enable better learning among those with visual challenges.
Impact of Authentic Leadership on Employee Well-Being in Commodity Market: A Case of Nigeria’s Cocoa Industry
Authors: Tayo Adekunle Michael , Olajide Olabode , Kutu Jacob Oloruntoba
Published: December 2024

This study aims to investigate the relationship between authentic leadership and employee well-being in the Nigerian cocoa sector, a key commodity market in the country. Authentic leadership is characterized by self-awareness, relational transparency, balanced processing, and internalized moral perspective, and has been linked to positive employee outcomes in various contexts. Using a case study approach, this research examined the experiences of employees in the Nigerian cocoa industry to understand how authentic leadership behaviours exhibited by employers and managers influence factors such as organizational commitment, work-life balance, and overall well-being. Data were collected through interviews of Nigeria cocoa sector employees to gain a holistic perspective. Findings revealed that the Nigerian cocoa sectors comply with minimum legal requirements but do not proactively go beyond those standards, and that they provide basic healthcare benefits and adhere to safety regulations but lack comprehensive well-being programs. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to the scholarly literature on authentic leadership and its application in non-Western, developing economy settings. It will also provide practical insights for Nigerian cocoa organisations and policymakers on fostering leadership practices that promote leaders’ authenticity, employee thriving and sustainable business performance. The results may have broader implications for leadership development and human resource management strategies in Nigeria's vital commodity markets.
The Role of Family in Mitigating Youth Social Violence from an Islamic Perspective
Authors: Ushama Thameem , Uddin Helal , Arkam Mohamed
Published: December 2024

This study examines within an Islamic framework while examining families’ vital role in preventing societal violence among young people. In Islam, parents are the primary instructors, and the child’s first school is the home. The research explores how families could stop the growth in juvenile social violence by looking at Islamic viewpoints on family structure, values, and teachings. Analytical and descriptive methods are used in this investigation. It explores the potential role of families as essential building blocks in fostering responsible and peaceful behaviour in the youths, highlighting the significance of family dynamics and values. It looks at how important it is to instil Islamic morals and social skills in the family to foster a feeling of belonging, compassion, and defiance of violent impulses. It offers a profound understanding of how families could function as preventative and corrective measures against social violence by fusing Islamic teachings with contemporary perspectives. The study’s conclusions provide light on the relationship between Islamic principles, family dynamics, and the prevention of social violence. These insights can be used in debates and real-world community well-being initiatives.
Radar Detection of Loitering Drones Via Artificial Neural Networks: A Generative AI Software Support
Authors:   Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Florida Atlantic University, Neelakanta Perambur , De Groff Dolores ,   Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Florida Atlantic University
Published: December 2024

The focused effort of this study refers to developing an ANN-based generative AI software towards radar detection of loitering drones in a combat area. Relevant heuristics can provide an adjunct support to a surveillance radar system that remains vulnerable to threats on attacks by low-observable loitering drones. Detection of such drones is necessary for proactive counter actions. In general, a loitering drone implies a suicide munition deployed as an exploding device mimicking kamikaze-style operation at war zones. It is intended to crash on to a vulnerable target such as, a surveillance radar. The present study envisages specifying a compatible radar-specific algorithm towards robust, true-positive detection of menacing drones in a combat zone and adopt an ANN thereof to get trained and predict the estimation of drone-location with an acceptable probability of detection. That is, a test ANN is trained with a set of acquisitioned data pertinent to backscattered signal (echo) received from the drone illuminated by the radar. Compatible ANN of perceptron architecture with backpropagation is indicated and details on compiling necessary data vis-à-vis radar detection algorithm towards training and prediction phases (of the ANN) are outlined. Simulation experiments are explained and results are presented to illustrate the efficacy of the test ANN as a generative AI software.
Effect of coal facies on pore structure heterogeneity of coal measures: Quantitative characterization and comparative study
Authors: Zhao Lingyu , Chang Xiangchun , Li Dejiang , Zhang Junjian , Vandeginste Veerle , Yao Peng , Su Jitong
Published: December 2024

Coal facies is an important indicator reflecting depositional environment of coal, which affects pore distribution. The effect of coal facies on the nanopore structure is essential for deep coalbed methane drainage. In this study, 13 coal samples from the Upper Triassic Talichik Formation in the Kubei-Bashi tectonic belt were collected. The coal facies type is determined based on the coal phase parameters (TPI–GI diagram). On this basis, nanopore diameter distribution is determined by using liquid nitrogen adsorption and CO2 adsorption experiments. Then, single and multi-fractal dimensions are studied by using fractal theories. The results are as follows. The coal facies are classified into three types, namely low swampy reed phases (Type A, GI > 5, TPI < 1), wetland herbaceous swamp phases (Type B, GI < 5, TPI < 1), and dry forest swamp phases (Type C, GI < 1, TPI > 1). The pore volume percentage of micropores is similar amongst the three facies types, showing that the coal facies has little effect on the pore structure of micropores. The pore volume and specific surface area of meso-pores are the largest for coal facies A, indicating the most developed meso-pores in coal facies A. However, the pore volume percentage with a diameter of 2–10 nm in coal facies A is the lowest among the three coal facies. Above all, the coal reservoir under the wet overlying water depositional environment of coal facies A offers a relatively large pore volume as well as a specific surface area, which is more favorable for the exploration and development of coalbed methane; therefore, it is the advantageous coal reservoir in the study area.
Use of latrine surveys to identify the expansion and fragmentation of swamp rabbit (Sylvilagus aquaticus) distribution at the eastern edge of their range
Authors: Harris Stephen N. , Hook Michael W. , Waldrop Tammy , Jachowski David S.
Published: December 2024

Swamp rabbits (Sylvilagus aquaticus) are a species of conservation concern in several states. We conducted latrine surveys at previously surveyed and new sites from 2021 to 2023 to clarify the species’ current status and distribution at its eastern extent, including the first surveys in South Carolina in > 25 years. We analyzed occupancy to determine what environmental variables affected swamp rabbit occurrence. Detection and occupancy probability from our top model were 0.75 (0.69–0.81 85 % CI) and 0.32 (0.30–0.35 85 % CI), respectively. Occupancy decreased with distance to emergent herbaceous or woody wetlands and increased with reduced tree canopy cover. Our results corroborate previous findings that semi-permanent or permanent wetlands are important to swamp rabbits and that they may be more likely to occupy habitats in proximity to open areas with herbaceous vegetation. Our study demonstrated that swamp rabbits persist within northwestern South Carolina, but no detections at 17 % (n = 5) of previously known sites, detections at 15 new sites, and observations of the species outside their purported range highlight the opportunity for further studies to assess connectivity of populations in the face of rapid land use change.
Auditory Rhythm Encoding during the Last Trimester of Human Gestation: From Tracking the Basic Beat to Tracking Hierarchical Nested Temporal Structures
Authors: Saadatmehr Bahar , Edalati Mohammadreza , Wallois Fabrice , Ghostine Ghida , Kongolo Guy , Flaten Erica , Tillmann Barbara , Trainor Laurel , Moghimi Sahar
Published: December 2024

Rhythm perception and synchronization to periodicity hold fundamental neurodevelopmental importance for language acquisition, musical behavior, and social communication. Rhythm is omnipresent in the fetal auditory world and newborns demonstrate sensitivity to auditory rhythmic cues. During the last trimester of gestation, the brain begins to respond to auditory stimulation and to code the auditory environment. When and how during this period do the neural capacities for rhythm processing develop? We conducted a cross-sectional study in 46 neonates (24 male) born between 27 and 35 weeks gestational age (wGA), measuring their neural responses to auditory rhythms with high-density electroencephalography during sleep. We developed measures to evaluate neural synchronization to nested rhythmic periodicities, including the fast isochronous beat and slower metrical (beat grouping) structures. We show that neural synchronization to beat and meter becomes stronger with increasing GA, converging on small phase differences between stimulus and neural responses near term, similar to those observed in adults. Dividing the cohort into subpopulations born before and after 33 wGA revealed that both younger and older groups showed neural synchronization to the fast periodicity related to the isochronous beat, whereas only the older group showed significant neural synchronization to the slower meter frequencies related to beat groupings, suggesting that encoding of nested periodicities arrives during late gestation. Together, our results shed light on the rapid evolution of neural coding of external hierarchical auditory rhythms during the third trimester of gestation, starting from the age when the thalamocortical axons establish the first synapses with the cortical plate.
Ḥarem-i Şerîf’te teʿaddüd-i cemâʿât: Uygulamanın Başlangıcı, Tarihi Gelişimi ve Konuyla İlgili Fıkhî Tartışmalar (Hicri 6-10’uncu yy.)
Authors: İnce İrfan
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışma Hicrî beşinci yüzyılın sonlarından 1344/1926 yılına dek sekiz buçuk yüzyılı aşkın bir süre kesintisiz bir şekilde yürürlükte kalmış olan Mescid-i Ḥaram’da farklı cemaatler halinde namaz kılma uygulamasını, uygulamanın ortaya çıkışı, tarihi gelişimi ve konuyla ilgili fıkhî tartışmalar çerçevesinde incelemektedir. Çalışmada tarihi süreç, fıkhî tartışmaları anlamaya yardımcı olacak bir çerçevede Osmanlı Hicaz hakimiyetinin ilk iki yüzyılını içine alacak şekilde 11./17. yüzyıl sonlarına kadar takip edilmiştir. Bu bağlamda uygulamanın varlığını gösteren en erken kayıtlar, benzer şekilde uygulamanın tarihi boyunca ortaya çıkan bazı değişiklikler kaynakların imkân verdiği ölçüde siyasi bağlamla ilişkilendirilerek açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Konunun fıkhî boyutu iki başlıkta ele alınmıştır. Bu başlıklardan ilkinde önce uygulamayı eleştirenlerin çokça atıfta bulunduğu ve benzer bir uygulamanın daha önce ortaya çıkmasına engel olduğu düşünülebilecek vakit namazının cemaatle eda edildiği bir mescitte aynı namazın ikinci bir cemaatle kılınmasının hükmüyle ilgili tartışmalar ele alınmıştır. Ardından, uygulamanın ortaya çıkışının fıkhî zeminini hazırladığı düşünülebilecek, dönemin hâkim fıkıh öğretisinde farklı mezhepten bir imama tabi olarak namaz kılmanın hükmü konusundaki tartışmalar incelenmiştir. İkinci başlıkta ise doğrudan uygulamayla ilgili tartışma, konuyla ilgili ilk eleştiriyi kaleme alan İbnü’l-Cebbâb’a (ö. 555/1160) ait bir risale/fetvadan başlayarak, yedinci yüzyılın başlarında İskenderiye Mâlikî uleması tarafından kaleme alınan aksi istikametteki fetvalar, daha sonra Mekke Şâfiî kadısı İbn Ẓahîre’nin (ö. 907/1502) ve Mekke Mâlikî fakihlerinden Ruʿaynî’nin (ö. 945/1538) fetvaları ve nihayet Ruʿaynî’nin oğlu ve ileri gelen bir Mâlikî fakihi olan Ḫaṭṭâb’ın (ö. 954/1547) yazıları üzerinden Hicrî 10’uncu yüzyılın ilk yarısına kadar takip edilmiştir. İncelenen bu fetva ve metinler biri dışında Mâlikî uleması tarafından kaleme alınmıştır. Bu metinlerde uygulamanın meşruiyeti doğrudan konu edilir. Bu durum, söz konusu metinlerin yine Hicrî 10. yüzyılın ikinci yarısına tarihlenebilecek konuyla ilgili diğer metinler ve tartışmadan ayrı bir şekilde incelenmesine imkân verir. Söz konusu ikinci tartışma, aralarında Raḥmetullâh es-Sindî (ö. 993/1581), Emîr Pâdişâh (ö. 998/1581 sonrası) ve ʿAlî el-Ḳârî (ö. 1014/1605) gibi tanınmış simaların da bulunduğu büyük oranda Hanefî uleması arasında gerçekleşir. Bu tartışmada meşruiyet konusuna temas edilmiş olsa da tartışma temelde artık yerleşik hale gelen uygulama karşısında bir Hanefî’nin nasıl davranması gerektiğine odaklanır. Yazıda uygulamanın ortaya çıkışı konuyla ilişkilendirilebilecek fıkhi tartışmalar ve siyasi bağlamla ilişkilendirilmeye çalışılmıştır.
An Analysis and Comparative Study of the Foundations of the Ashāb al-Kahf Narrative in the Qurʾān and Christian Sources
Authors: Halil Hüseyin
Published: December 2024

The Qurʾānic narrative of the People of the Cave (Ashāb al-Kahf) is a subject
that has garnered significant interest in both the Islamic world and in Western Qurʾānic
studies. This study moves beyond conventional perspectives on the Ashāb al-Kahf
parable, offering a deeper analysis by drawing upon the Arabic text of the Qurʾān and
early Christian sources. Particular emphasis is placed on how the Qurʾān reconstructs,
reinterprets, and imbues this parable with new significance within the framework of
Islamic culture, while simultaneously addressing and rectifying certain omissions or
inconsistencies found in the Christian narrative. The findings aim to contribute to a
better understanding of the narrative similarities and differences between the two
traditions, reevaluating the Qurʾān’s engagement with Christianity. In this context,
the aim of this paper is to examine the story of Asḥāb al-Kahf in the Qurʾān in detail,
uncovering its relationship with similar stories in Christian sources and highlighting
the differences between them. Our research demonstrates that the Qurʾānic account
of the Ashāb al-Kahf contains distinctive elements absent in Christian sources and is
presented in a wholly original style. In this context, our study supports the thesis that
the Qurʾānic narrative of Ashāb al-Kahf was not derived from Christian sources but
instead represents an independent treatment marked by its unique style. By highlighting
the differences between the two narratives, this study seeks to demonstrate that the
Qurʾān offers an original text in this regard. Indeed, while the Qurʾān shares certain
similarities with existing Christian narratives, it reveals these accounts within an Islamic
framework, presenting a unique theological perspective. Additionally, this study aims to
show that the story of Asḥāb al-Kahf carries an important message that emphasizes the
Islamic understanding of monotheism and God’s omnipotence.
Correlation parametric method for determining the velocity of acoustic wave propagation in a pipeline
Authors:   G.E. Pukhov Institute for Modelling in Energy Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Vladimirsky A.A., , Vladimirsky I.A. ,   G.E. Pukhov Institute for Modelling in Energy Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the experimental determination of the actual velocity of acoustic waves propagation through underground pipelines of centralized heat and water supply of ci-ties. The relevance of the problem is caused by the production necessity to increase the effi-ciency of diagnostics of the corresponding worn-out networks. Especially it concerns swift search of leaks, which daily occur in large cities of Ukraine. The search is carried out by cor-relation leak detectors, the accuracy of which depends on the accuracy of setting the speed of propagation of hydraulic shock waves along the pipeline, which generates the sought leak. Since the velocity values programmed in the devices do not always correspond to the actual values, the reasons for this discrepancy and the modes of velocity refinement in the known modern devices are analyzed. Their disadvantages concerning the use in domestic networks are given and the corresponding correlation parametric method is proposed. It consists of the artificial creation of acoustic probing signals and spatial-frequency selection of pipeline re-sponse to this probing. An application example of the method is given. Its advantages and use-ful features are given.
Synthesis and Mathematical Modeling of a Compo- site Heat Source Model Related to the Mig/Mag Welding Process with Torch Oscillations
Authors: Dolynenko V.V. , Shapovalov E.V.
Published: December 2024

The paper presents the synthesis and mathematical modeling in the Mathcad environment of a composite heat source model simulating an arc heat source during electric arc surfacing with transverse oscillations of the torch. The model is a superposition of three double-elliptical Goldak heat source models. The distinctive feature of this model is that the output function is implemented using logical operators, which makes it possible to implement a functional trans-formation similar to the symmetric difference operation in set theory. This ensures the exclu-sion of areas overlapped by adjacent heat sources from the total heat flow. The modeling was performed for three cases of transverse oscillations of the torch: sinusoidal, triangular and rec-tangular. The modeling results can be useful for specialists in the field of finite element model-ing of electric arc surfacing processes, as well as in the development of WAAM technology.
Nuclear reactor zirconium alloys quality issues
Authors:   M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Mukhachev Anatolii , Pylypenko Mykola ,   National Science Centre Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Yelatontsev Dmytro ,   M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Shevchenkо Volodymyr ,   M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharytonova Olena ,   Masaryk University
Published: December 2024

The solution to increase the degree of nuclear fuel burnup and to extend the service life of fuel assemblies (FAs) to 5–7 years is largely related to improving existing production technologies and developing new, more radiation- and corrosion-resistant alloys. This paper analyses the industrial technologies for producing reactor-pure zirconium alloys for producing products operating in the core of thermal neutron reactors (BWR, PWR, VVER). Research demonstrates that the processes of zirconium concentrate opening, the efficiency of zirconium and hafnium extraction separation, and the refining of the alloy by electron beam melting determine the purity of zirconium alloys. It has been established that oxygen is an alloying element, and its optimal concentration should be from 0.10 to 0.14%. The new soda-extraction fluoride-calcium-thermal technology developed in Ukraine has the most efficient refining processes that ensure the purity of zirconium-niobium alloys at ≥99.94%. This makes it possible to improve the corrosion and radiation resistance of the alloys by reducing the impurity content to 0.05%. Industrial technologies for the production of zirconium alloys for reactor use do not allow achieving a purity level of more than 99.8%. This limits the lifetime of nuclear fuel to 4 years and its burnup rate to 50 mW∙day/kgU. Calcium-thermal zirconium and alloys based on it, such as E110, have special chemical compositions and physical and mechanical properties. The data presented in the review show that, in terms of chemical composition, one of the main tasks of researchers and technologists at the present stage is to study the role of oxygen impurity in ensuring the required service characteristics of alloys based on E110. The increased yield strength and hardness values of E110 and E125 alloys raise the challenge of improving the technology of forming pipe billets and the deformation treatment of alloys. More complex are the tasks associated with ensuring radiation and corrosion resistance, reducing radiation embrittlement, and swelling of alloys. The review offers technical solutions and technological methods that can ensure the required quality of alloys under the requirements of national and international quality standards.
MODELING OF INFLUENCE OF METEOR SHOWERS ON THE FORMATION OF SPACE ORIGIN AEROSOL ALTITUDINAL DENSITY PROFILES IN UPPER ATMOSPHERE
Authors:   Astronomical Observatory of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kozak P. M.
Published: December 2024

The model of space-origin aerosol formation in the atmosphere from meteor streams is proposed. The components of the model
are the physical and kinematic parameters of the meteor shower, characteristics of the atmosphere, and the base equations of
meteor physics: the equation of deceleration and the equation of energetic balance. The input parameters of a meteor shower
are considered to be the meteor stream heliocentric orbit elements, the distribution of meteors by masses across and along the
meteor stream, and the physical properties of meteoroids. For meteors of the sporadic background, the meteoroid influx was
formed by a three-dimensional distribution: by masses of cosmic particles, their pre-atmospheric velocities, and radiant zenith
angles. In the case of a meteor stream, just the radiant zenith angle, which is a function of time, plays a key role. The velocity
of a meteor shower is obviously constant (statistical scattering can be neglected). The distribution by masses, which is described
by the Pareto distribution, remains in the final equation of the aerosol density change dn/dt(t). However, at the same time, the
meteor influx modification caused by the diurnal radiant’s zenith angle variation results in a shift of the distribution’s right tail,
i.e., the maximal mass value of the space particle, which still remains an aerosol, not transforming into a meteor. It is shown that
the influx of cosmic substances through a unit mesosphere area at an altitude of 100 km creates the altitudinal aerosol profile
in the atmosphere from a meteor shower. This influx varies based on the geographic position of the area, meaning it depends
on geographic coordinates.Besides, the substance influx into a fixed place of the atmosphere periodically changes during the
day. It is clearly demonstrated that some meteor showers do not influence some parts of the planet since their radiants do not
arise above the horizon and, accordingly, do not form an aerosol. After atmospheric selection of meteoroids into aerosols and
meteors, the heights of stop (complete loss of the space velocity) of the aerosol particles, finally forming the altitudinal profile
density dn/dt from the given meteor shower,are calculated. For obviousness, the results of all calculations are demonstrated for
the Perseid meteor shower and Kyiv latitude.
A Comparative Analysis of the Expression of Possessive Relations in the Erzya Dialects of the Kochkurovo District, Republic of Mordovia
Authors: Ryabov Ivan N. , Agafonova Nina A. , Ryabova Galina V.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The dialects of the Mordovian Prisurye are characterized by a developed system of possessive suffixes and feature various means and forms of expressing possessive relations. Until now, the dialectal system of possessive suffixes in certain Erzya dialects within the studied region has not been the subject of dedicated research. Therefore, an important objective of this article is to describe the dialectal features of possessive suffixes within the paradigms of noun declensions and their realizations in the Erzya dialects of the villages in the Kochkurovsky District of the Republic of Mordovia. The aim of the study is a comparative analysis of the paradigms of possessive suffixes and the ways of expressing possessive relations in this dialectal landscape.
Materials and Methods. The research material includes field texts collected by the authors during linguistic expeditions to Erzya villages in the Prisurye region. Dialect material was gathered according to a questionnaire program that reflects the morphological variation of linguistic phenomena. An additional source of dialect data was obtained from the archives of the lexicography department at the Faculty of Philology of Mordovia State University. The study employs descriptive, structural, and comparative methods, which form the basis for analyzing the dialect material.
Results and Discussion. The dialects of the Mordovian Prisurye region are divided into several local groups that differ from each other in lexical, phonetic, and morphological features. In this linguistic area, there is a mutual influence of linguistic phenomena characteristic of closely related languages and dialects. Research on the Mordovian landscape of Prisurye makes it possible to reveal the ways in which possessiveness is expressed in mixed Erzya-Moksha dialects. Dialect data allow for the analysis of grammatical forms of nouns that express possessive relationships, establish equivalents for the variation of personal-possessive suffixes within case paradigms, and uncover certain morphological features specific to these dialects.
Conclusion. The means and forms of expressing possessiveness in the studied linguistic space are represented by a developed and diverse system. The conduct of the research has advanced our understanding of the specifics of the dialectal category of possession and made a certain contribution to the general theory of this phenomenon. We compare the recorded dialectal morphological markers of possession and their functioning in case paradigms and describe the features of morphosyntactic ways of expressing possessive relationships in the studied dialectal area.
Typology of Synthetic Forms of the Past Tense of the Verb in the Udmurt Language (Evidentiality and Temporality)
Authors: Efimov Kirill S.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. As of today, the grammatical and temporal semantics of the past tense verb forms in the Udmurt language, traditionally designated as “1st past tense” and “2nd past tense”, remain insufficiently studied in academic and scholarly literature. The main difference between these grammatical forms, according to the normative grammars of the Udmurt language, is the presence of an evidential seme in the 2nd past tense. However, information on the nature of the flow of each of the two grammatical tenses, i.e. on the temporal semantics, is missing. The purpose of the research is to identify the meanings expressed by the synthetic forms of the past tense of the Udmurt verb, as well as to specify their similarities and differences.
Materials and Methods. The material for the study consisted of sentences from literary Udmurt texts, extracted from the National Corpus of the Udmurt language. More than 5,000 instances of verb usage in synthetic past tense forms were analyzed. The methodological framework of the study included the methods of continuous sampling, contextual analysis, typological, and descriptive approaches.
Results and Discussion. The paper presents, for the first time, an analysis of two synthetic forms of the past tense verb in the Udmurt language from the perspective of temporal and evidential semantics. The temporal semantics of the forms considered are identical: both can express perfect meanings (statal perfect, actional perfect, past with future meaning) as well as aorist meanings (indifferent past and narrative past). A distinctive feature of the Udmurt preterite is its ability to convey additional temporal meanings when combined with other grammatical categories of the Udmurt verb. Regarding evidential semantics, one form is evidentially neutral, while the other expresses the meaning of indirect evidentiality.
Conclusion. The forms we have examined can be identified as a preterite with fairly broad temporal functionality. From the perspective of evidential semantics, it is confirmed that the key difference between these two verb forms lies in the presence of an evidential seme in one of them. According to grammatical typology, the 1st past tense can be designated as the indicative preterite, while the 2nd past tense can be referred to as the evidential preterite. Further research into these grammatical forms and their inter-categorial relationships will significantly expand our understanding of the Udmurt verb tense system.
Ethnodemographic Processes among the Udmurts of the Kirov Region during the Soviet Period
Authors: Chernysheva Natalia V.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Historically, Russian society has developed as a multiethnic one, and today its composition is undergoing changes largely driven by assimilation processes. In this context, the topic of ethnodemography is relevant yet underexplored. For a long time in the USSR, demographic data were classified, and later it was revealed that existing sources contain information on ethnodemographic processes only for certain years, with incomplete records. Therefore, researchers need to utilize additional information sources and interdisciplinary studies, which may help fill existing statistical gaps. The aim of this study is to analyze demographic processes among the Udmurts of the Kirov region from its formation until the collapse of the USSR.
Materials and Methods. The analysis was based on data from the All-Union Population Censuses of 1926, 1937, 1939, 1959, 1970, 1979, and 1989, as well as from the All-Russian Population Censuses of 2002, 2010, and 2020, along with data from the ongoing registration of natural population movement. Various research methods were employed during the study. General scientific methods of analysis, systematization, and synthesis allowed for the identification of major demographic changes among the Udmurts. Special historical methods, in particular the historical-comparative method, were used to correlate reproduction trends among the Udmurts and the regional population as a whole. The historical-genetic method helped define ethno-demographic trends, while the historical-systemic method was used in analyzing the characteristics of reproduction processes.
Results and Discussion. In the course of the research, the main ethnodemographic characteristics of the Udmurt people in the Kirov region during the Soviet period were identified. It was found that demographic changes followed all-Russian and regional trends; however, the Udmurts exhibited specific features in population reproduction and assimilation processes.
Conclusion. By the time the Kirov Region was established, the number and proportion of Udmurts within the region had significantly decreased, primarily due to administrative and territorial reforms. Overall, during the Soviet period, the Udmurt population in the region somewhat declined in absolute terms, though its proportion slightly increased. This was influenced by the completion of the demographic transition, assimilation processes, and active migration to urban areas. The composition of Udmurt families has gradually shifted, with an increasing number of ethnically mixed marriages. These processes contributed to changes in the demographic situation.
Experience of Legal Regulation of Management of Other People’s Business in Different Regions of the World
Authors: Emelkina Irina A.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. In the context of economic sanctions from unfriendly countries, our country has taken a course on deoffshorization of the economy ‒ return of private capital from foreign and international financial structures (trust funds) and their transfer into the Russian legal field. The purpose of the study is to carry out a comparative analysis of the legal regulation of foreign business management in foreign countries in search of best practices for implementation in Russian law.
Materials and Methods. Comparative-legal and comparative-historical approaches were used. The analysis of scientific works, legislative and regulatory documents related to the issues of management of other people’s property in other countries was carried out, as well as examples of law enforcement practice were generalized. With the help of methods of comparative jurisprudence, system analysis, legal modeling the differences in approaches to business management through trust funds and trust agreements are revealed, the main principles of legal regulation of the management of other people’s property as an integral institution are determined, possible ways of reforming the Russian law are formulated.
Results. As a result of the analysis, it was concluded that modern foreign legal systems have developed a variety of models for managing private business assets. The trust model is developed in the United Kingdom, the United States and other common law countries. The legal systems of mixed and continental law have attempted to abandon the direct borrowing of trust and have developed various ways to introduce institutions similar to trust into their own legal systems (trust-like structures). At present, prerequisites have emerged in Russian law for the creation of separate legal regulation of relations on private property management, not identical to the institution of trust.
Discussion and Conclusion. In order to create a favorable investment climate in our country it is necessary to develop the institutions of professional management of other people’s business and inheritance business planning, in this regard it seems advisable to include in the Civil Code of the Russian Federation a special section regulating the management of private property. The obtained results have practical significance for representatives of the legal, economic, business community, practicing lawyers, teachers, as well as representatives of the lawmaking initiative.
Modern Youth Foreign Policy Orientations in the Context of International Tension
Authors: Rozhkova Liliya V. , Dubina Albina Sh. , Salnikova Olga V. , Korzh Natalia V. , Karimova Ludmila F.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The study of the peculiarities of foreign policy orientations of various social groups is of great importance for modern Russian society and requires comprehensive analysis in the context of the ongoing transformations of the world order and international tensions. The purpose of the research is to determine the structure and dynamics of foreign policy orientations of Russian youth in modern conditions.
Materials and Methods. Analysis of all-Russian surveys on similar topics was conducted; the results of quantitative and qualitative author’s studies conducted in 2023–2024 among youth of the Russian regions: Penza, Saratov and Tyumen regions were analyzed. This made it possible to identify the dominant foreign policy orientations of young people and reveal the degree of support for Russia’s political course in the international arena.
Results. The author’s structural model is presented, reflecting the essential content and main components of the system of foreign policy orientations of Russians, based on the Russian foreign policy approach at three levels: cognitive, identification-evaluation and activity. The author’s research allowed to obtain new data on the system and dominant foreign policy orientations, their direction and current dynamics; the similarity of foreign policy orientations of youth in different regions was determined and some of their differences in the socio-demographic section were revealed.
Discussion and Conclusion. The foreign policy orientations of modern young people are highly developed, which is reflected both at the cognitive and at the identification-evaluation level. A positive image of Russia has been formed in their consciousness; they fully share Russia’s leading role in the modern world order and demonstrate understanding and acceptance of the foreign policy decisions made. The obtained results can be used in improving the conceptual framework of youth policy and the system of civic education of modern youth.